bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El discurso neoliberal y la configuración de la identidad profesional en docentes noveles
Authors: Boulan Noralí
Published: July 2021

Este artículo estudia los sentidos otorgados a la educación en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante la gestión de gobierno de María Eugenia Vidal (2015-2019). La hipótesis de trabajo supone que la política desplegada por el gobierno provincial rearticuló el discurso neoliberal menemista, aunque sumando nuevos elementos. Las ideas relativas a la educación emocional y las capacidades, asociaron la calidad educativa a la evaluación de resultados y la productividad, conformándose en los significantes que articularon la interpelación oficial a la docencia. De acuerdo con ello, se describen los ejes de la actualización curricular para el nivel primario y su recepción por parte de los docentes noveles, analizando cómo los posicionamientos que conforman su identidad profesional aceptan o disputan dichos sentidos.
Development of milk protein edible films incorporated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
Authors: Lee Yun Ying , Elaine  , Yusof Yus Aniza , Pui Liew Phing
Published: July 2021

Bioactive edible films have the potential to be probiotic carriers. This innovative approach can replace plastic packaging and can benefit human health. This study demonstrated the incorporation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) into whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium caseinate (NaCas) edible films. Probiotic cells were directly incorporated into the film forming solutions, and the films were produced by the casting method. The physical, mechanical, and probiotic viability properties of the edible films were determined in the presence and absence of LGG. Furthermore, the viability of LGG was evaluated during the drying process and storage of 14 days at 4 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The results showed the incorporation of LGG increased the moisture content, puncture force, and lightness of both films. However, viability of LGG was lower in the WPI film regardless of storage temperature. At the end of storage days, both WPI and NaCas edible films maintained the LGG viability above the recommended levels when stored at 4 °C, which was 106 CFU/g. The findings of this study suggested that edible films made of WPI and NaCas showed feasibility to immobilize LGG with chilled storage at 4 ℃.
Mutagenesis of Aspergillus aculeatus by 60Co-γ irradiation for high production of potential ILs-tolerant cellulase
Authors: Xi Rui-Ping , Qi Ye-Qiang , Zhang Bi-Xian , He Xin-Miao , Chen He-Shu , Gao Yun-Fei , Hu Xiao-Mei
Published: July 2021

Ionic liquids (ILs) are effective solvents for lignocellulose pretreatment. Enzymatic saccharification converts pretreated lignocelluloses into valuable products, and IL-tolerant cellulase improves the enzymatic efficiency and the reuse of ILs. In this study, a fungal strain with a relatively high cellulase production was isolated and identified as Aspergillus aculeatus G1-3. The high production of β-glucosidase (1.943 U per mL), CMCase (1.303 U per mL), and FPase (0.165 U per mL) was obtained using corn stover as the carbon source and peptone as the nitrogen source. The results were obtained at pH 8.0 and 30 °C with an inoculation size of 3% (volume per volume) for 7 days. A mutant strain Aspergillus aculeatus P6 with β-glucosidase (7.023 U per mL), CMCase (1.543 U per mL), and FPase (0.098 U per mL) was obtained by 60Co-γ irradiation. The cellulase activity was measured at pH 5.0 and 60 °C for enzymatic hydrolysis. The cellulase from mutant strains was stable in different concentrations of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate. Enzymatic saccharification of the original corn stover and ILs-pretreated corn stover was successfully performed with high sugar yields. The mutant strains of Aspergillus aculeatus have great potential for their further application in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels.
Lignin-carbohydrate complexes from coconut (Cocos nucifera) coir: Fractionation, structural elucidation, and potential applications
Authors: Zhou Qi , Ou Zhiqiang , Rao Xin , Liu Yi , Liang Chen , Zhang Liming , Huo Chunqing , Du Xueyu
Published: July 2021

Coconut coir, a major type of tropical lignocellulosic waste, has been restricted from higher-value applications due to its chemical complexity and inherent variability. To better disclose the chemical relationships between polysaccharides and lignin in coir and further exploit its high value-added bio-based materials, two lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) designated as glucan-lignin (GL) and xylan-lignin (XL) were successively isolated from coir via a simplified and quantitative fractionation method. The characterization of chemical composition, molecular weight distribution, and constituent substructures of the isolated LCC fractions were examined, and the lignin-carbohydrate (LC) chemical linkages were revealed as γ-esters by a 2D heteronuclear singular quantum correlation (HSQC) NMR technique. Furthermore, XL was demonstrated as a more competitive candidate than GL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) removal in comparison with 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT, a commercial antioxidant), and was also featured as a more promising reinforcing agent for elevating the adsorption property of polyacrylamide-based hydrogels via the synergistic effect of physical and hydrogen bonding adsorptions.
D. S. Merezhkovsky’s Ploy: The Article Written by the Critic for A. G. Dostoevskaya
Authors: Andruschenko Elena
Published: July 2021

This paper is the first to analyze the typewritten copies of D. S. Merezhkovsky’s famous article “Prophet of the Russian revolution (For Dostoevsky’s anniversary)” (1906) with the author’s notes. The article is believed to have been written at the request of A. G. Dostoevskaya for the anniversary edition of F. M. Dostoevsky’s complete works (to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the writer’s death). After having read it and heard the opinions about D. S. Merezhkovsky’s lecture, given on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the writer's death, A. G. Dostoevskaya turned down the article. D. S. Merezhkovsky immediately published it in the Vesy magazine, and subsequently as a separate brochure and then in both editions of his complete works. However, an examination of the article’s typewritten copies reveals that D. S. Merezhkovsky was working simultaneously on two versions of it: a short one for A. G. Dostoevskaya and an extended one for journal publication. Judging by the author’s notes, he intended to edit the article’s short version in accordance with A. G. Dostoevskaya’s comments, but she was unsatisfied with the result. Instead, the writer’s widow included S.N. Bulgakov’s biographical essay in the complete works. A textual analysis of the variants and revisions of D. S. Merezhkovsky’s article leads to conclusions about the evolution of his intent, the genre and semantics of the titles of the article, written under the influence of the events of the first Russian revolution as a polemically oriented journalistic text.
Use of Modern Cryomethods in Combined Surgical Treatment of Patients with Purulent Chronic Wounds
Authors:   Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Goltsev Kyrylo , Kryvoruchko Igor ,   Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Goltsev Goltsev Аnatoliy ,   Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine,   Interdepartmental Scientific Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Parkhomenko Kyrylo ,   Municipal Health Care Institution ‘Regional Clinical Hospital - Center for Emergency Care and Disaster Medicine’, Kharkiv, Horoshun Eduard ,   Military Medical Clinical Center of the Northern Region of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Kharkiv
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the possibilities of using in medical practice various cryomethods and techniques of cryopreservation of biological objects to treat the patients with purulent chronic wounds (PCW). The variety of methods and approaches to apply cold in medical practice: general and local cryotherapy, cryosurgery etc. has been emphasized. As a result of using each of these methods, regenerative processes begin, which promote the healing of PCW. Particular attention is paid to cryotechniques, ensuring the preservation of cord blood at low temperatures. Cord blood cells and serum have been shown to have immune modulatory and trophic-stimulating therapeutic effects, that is extremely important when treating the patients with PCW. The issue of combined use of cord blood serum and innovative vacuum therapy for the patients with PCW has been considered.
Impact of Biologically Active Complexes of L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii After Storage Under Low Temperatures on Biofilm Forming Ability in Corynebacteria
Authors:   Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Isayenko Olena , Knysh Oksana ,   Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Popov Mykola ,   Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Minukhin Valeriy ,   Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Babych Eugeny ,   Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Peretyatko Olena ,   Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv
Published: July 2021

This paper describes the temperature regimens and shelf life of biologically active complexes (structural components and metabolites) of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii, which have antimicrobial activity and reduce biofi lm formation in pathogenic agents of Corynebacterium spp. Preservation of biological activity of complexes after 6-month storage (observation period) at (−23 ± 1)°C and for 60 days (observation period) under hypothermia at (4 ± 1)°C has been demonstrated. The degree of inhibition of biofi lm formation in pathogenic corynebacteria depended on sensitivity of the Corynebacterium spp. test-culture strain to products of microbial origin. A mixture of lactobacillus and saccharomycete metabolites displayed weak biofi lm formation by toxicogenic strains of corynebacteria (p < 0.05). Our fi ndings testifi ed to a possible use of biologically active substances, stored at 4 and −23°C in designing the L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii complexes and in technological processes of their production to prevent the persistence of the diphtheria pathogens.
Створення геологічного сховища радіоактивних відходів — найважливіше завдання щодо ліквідації наслідків Чорнобильської аварії
Authors: Шестопалов Вячеслав Михайлович
Published: July 2021

У доповіді розглянуто сучасний стан наукового обґрунтування створення геологічного сховища радіоактивних відходів в Україні та наведено останні результати проведених науково-дослідних робіт з визначення перспективних площ у кристалічних породах Чорнобильської зони відчуження і на прилеглих територіях. Проаналізовано міжнародний досвід спорудження глибинних геологічних сховищ радіоактивних відходів. Обговорено потенційні ризики від зволікання з проведенням робіт з вибору майданчика для розміщення геологічного сховища радіоактивних відходів.
Оборотні активи в системі управління підприємства: сучасні аспекти обліку, аналізу та аудиту
Authors: Купріна Н. М. , Ступницька Т. М. , Баранюк Х. О. , Величко О. М.
Published: July 2021

Актуальним в сучасних умовах для ефективного функціонування підприємств є визначеннянапрямів управління його оборотними активами, які мають велику питому вагу в загальній сукупностіактивів та дефіцит власних джерел фінансування, що негативно впливає на фінансовий стан підпри-ємства. Ефективне управління об’єктом діяльності будь-якого підприємства починається з якісногоекономічного аналізу, який формує його напрями, вибір інструментів та методів на підставі сформова-ної системи показників. Запропоновано методичний підхід до проведення фінансового аналізу обо-ротних активів підприємства, який охоплює не тільки аналіз стану, структури, динаміки, ефективностівикористання оборотних активів підприємства в цілому, але й аналіз використання окремих елементівоборотних активів, а також тривалості фінансового циклу підприємства. Обґрунтовано, що управлінняоборотними активами підприємства не можливе без таких інструментів управління, як фінансовийаналіз, управлінський облік та аудит спеціального призначення, що, на нашу думку, базуються наокремих функціях управління.
Improvement of electronic money accounting at Ukrainian enterprises
Authors: Kurhan N. , Aksyuta V.
Published: July 2021

The popularity of electronic money payments is growing in the modern conditions of digitalization ofbusiness processes. The Ukrainian e-money market is at the stage of formation and state settlement. Therefore, it is advisable to clarify the essence of electronic money for accounting purposes, as well as to developmethodological recommendations for their accounting by Ukraine’s enterprises. The authors proposed a refined definition of the concept of «electronic money» as an object of accounting, which outlines a lot of emoney legalized in Ukraine. Accordingly, the classification of electronic money for accounting needs hasbeen improved. Electronic payment systems, which have emitted e-money and are represented on the territory of Ukraine, were classified into nine groups. The methodological support for the accounting of transactions with electronic money in the company (as a user and trader) has been improved: additional accounts tosynthetic account 33 «Other money» and a fragment of the working plan of accounts has been developedtaking into account the types of e-money. Results of scientific research are of practical interest for companiesthat make settlements with e- money.
Features of management information systems and technologies in the organization of the automated accounting and analytical process at the enterprise
Authors: Markova T. , Melnyk Yu. , Pchelianska G. , Tilloyev S.
Published: July 2021

The article substantiates the role of information systems and technologies in the management of accounting and analytical process at the enterprise. The advantages and disadvantages of using informationsystems and technologies have been listed. It has been determined that the observance of the quality of information support is possible under the condition of observance of the principles of systematization, complexity, scientificity, reliability, expediency, efficiency, priority, transparency and target direction. Applied programs of domestic and foreign accounting experience have been given. An assessment of the use of computers at the enterprise and the use of the Internet in Ukraine have been carried out. After analyzing the useof the Internet, it was determined that since 2010 to the present, the share is growing accordingly. And theInternet is mostly used to send or receive e-mails (70,65%-98,84%), receive information about goods andservices (44,52%-89,22), make banking operations (81,53% -97,65%). A study of the number of companiesthat used computers by industry found that the largest number of companies are manufacturing and wholesale and retail ones.
Audit development in Ukraine: aspects of regulation of audit activity
Authors: Stupnytska T. , Kuprina N. , Tkachuk Н. , Baraniuk Kh.
Published: July 2021

Auditing in Ukraine is on the path of formation and development, which necessitates the improvement and revision of regulations, which, in turn, leads to an increase in both theoretical and practical aspectsof audit and audit activity. Modern conditions of the process of Ukraine's integration into the European spacecause the regulatory framework to be adapted to the legislation of the European Union. During the period ofoperation, the national audit system in Ukraine is constantly improving. The article analyzes the normativedocuments and publications of scientists to determine aspects of regulatory regulation of audit in Ukraine inconnection with its integration and the possibility of adapting existing legislation to the legislation of the European Union. The analysis showed that the audit regulatory system in Ukraine is multilevel, but the maindocuments governing audit in the country are the Law "On Audit of Financial Statements and Audit activity"and International Standards for Quality Control, Auditing, Review, Other Assurance and Related Services .The levels of normative-legal regulation of audit and the main differences in the structure of normative actsregulating the implementation of audit and audit activities in Ukraine have been considered.
Процедури аудиторського підтвердження достовірності фінансової звітності: вирішення проблемних питань
Authors: Ткачук Г. О. , Іванченкова Л. В. , Скляр Л. Б. , Ступницька Т. М.
Published: July 2021

Актуальність напряму даного наукового дослідження обґрунтовується потребою у вдоскона-ленні теоретико-методологічного базису забезпечення достовірності фінансової звітності для прийн-яття рішень в системі управління. Узагальнено основні критерії аудиторської оцінки фінансової звітно-сті. Авторами виділено проблемні питання управління підприємством, які вирішуються шляхом прове-дення незалежного аудиту або застосуванням аудиторських процедур в системі внутрішнього контро-лю. Досліджена категорія «суттєвість» в аудиті фінансової звітності, визначено її сутність та зміст законкретними видами відповідно до вимог МСА. Надана характеристика чинників суттєвості на рівніконкретних класів операцій. Виділено аудиторські процедури для застосовування з метою забезпе-чення достовірності результатів аудиту фінансової звітності. Представлена класифікація напряміввдосконалення аудиту фінансової звітності відповідно до рівня їх реалізації. Запропоновано заходи зметою вдосконалення порядку організації та проведення аудиту фінансової звітності.
Information technologies in the use of innovative teaching methods - as a tool for socio-economic development
Authors: Nemchenko V. , Markova T. , Pchelianska G. , Volodina O.
Published: July 2021

The article considers the role and importance of information technology in the field of educationalservices and innovative teaching methods. It has been determined that the use of information and communication technologies in the teaching process in higher education institutions is a necessity that has been accompanied by challenges of the world space, in particular in recent years. It has been determined that therole and mission of the teacher in the educational process is transformed into an organizer, consultant, leader and expert of independent work of students. The importance of modern information and communicationtechnologies in the process of teaching and educational process has been substantiated. The advantagesand disadvantages of distance learning, which is caused by the requirements for the adaptation of the worldspace have been identified. The essence of the concept of "innovation" and systematized modern innovativeteaching methods have been studied. The classification of innovations in the field of education and classification of pedagogical technologies has been given. Modern innovative teaching methods have been systematized.
Retos de promover el emprendimiento en Colombia, a través de programas virtuales de educación superior de negocios internacionales
Authors: Chicas Sierra Sandra Milena , Saíd-Hung Elías
Published: July 2021

La globalización trajo consigo un aporte importante en materia de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC) que ayuda a fomentar la innovación en todos los ámbitos y, teniendo en cuenta las circunstancias en las que se encuentra inmersa el mundo en la actualidad, como resultado de la pandemia del Covid-19, la educación tiene la necesidad de repensar e innovar sus modelos educativos tradicionales (predominantemente presenciales), para garantizar el acceso y calidad educativa bajo la mediación de las TIC, con modelos educativos adaptados a estos contextos digitales, con miras a incorporarse en los negocios del futuro. El escenario actual trae consecuencias aún mayores a las brechas socioeconómicas, ante las previsiones que, organismos como la OIT tienen en cuanto a la pérdida de empleo que traerá consigo el Covid-19 (unos 47 millones para toda América Latina); una realidad a la que Colombia no es ajena, y en la que la promoción del emprendimiento y la innovación puede ayudar a reducir. Con este panorama, las instituciones de educación superior enfrentan grandes retos en la promoción de la educación emprendedora, especialmente en programas virtuales. Este trabajo intenta reflexionar e identificar los retos que tienen las instituciones de educación superior en la promoción de la educación emprendedora en Colombia, específicamente en los programas virtuales de negocios internacionales. El objetivo planteado se hará utilizando una metodología cualitativa de revisión bibliográfica, en el que se revisarán y analizarán artículos académicos publicados en los últimos cinco años, relacionados con la temática propuesta. Lo que ayudaría a atender su misión institucional, y el aporte que a nivel de la cultura del emprendimiento digital pueden contribuir en sus estudiantes, para afrontar mejor el reto social y económico que tenemos en frente, en una Era marcada por la pandemia del Covid-19 y por la disminución de los negocios internacionales.
Experiencia Proyecto de Aula Cuento Ilustrado
Authors: Téllez Marcela F. , Peters Victoria E.
Published: July 2021

La experiencia pedagógica “Cuento ilustrado”, es un proyecto colaborativo de investigación formativa –PIF- que se desarrolla de manera conjunta entre las asignaturas de Taller de Redacción I e Ilustración II.

 

Sus objetivos consisten en permitir a los estudiantes la apropiación de los conocimientos compartidos en el aula de clase desde una perspectiva experiencial, es decir, desde una serie de procesos que los acercan al campo editorial con sus respectivas fases y actores, para que adquieran competencias propias de su quehacer profesional; y en desarrollar un proceso de indagación que se lleva a cabo con los estudiantes de cada asignatura, lo cual les permite planear y escribir un cuento corto, así como interpretarlo, diseñarlo e ilustrarlo hasta convertirlo en un libro.

 

La premisa de este proyecto consiste en “escribir para que otros nos lean e interpreten, e ilustrar a partir de lo que propone un texto que ha sido escrito por otro”, lo cual se logra por medio de una metodología que contempla tres ejercicios, dos preparatorios: descripción de un sentimiento, y retrato de un individuo; y una entrega final que consiste en la escritura e ilustración de un cuento corto para su posterior socialización, presentación a convocatoria y publicación.

 

Durante los tres años de desarrollo de este proyecto se ha contado con la participación de 750 estudiantes de Taller de Redacción I; 122 estudiantes de Ilustración II; se han desarrollado 244 ejercicios preparatorios; se han ilustrado 122 libros en aula de clase; y se han publicado 16 libros por parte de la Editorial de la Universidad
Maritime Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) from the French Perspective
Authors:   University of Bergen (Norway), Siekiera Joanna
Published: July 2021

Sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea became a key topic for the negotiations since the 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro. Ocean change is now the most significant threat facing humanity, especially those living in coastal areas. The possible and already observed loss of territory, and thus sovereignty of the submerged states, is not the only legal consequence of ocean change happening now, in the 21st century. Another factor is the downsizing of Exclusive Economic Zones, which implies political tensions between the neighboring countries, both sovereign and dependent territories of the former colonial powers. France is present in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean via its overseas collectivities. Thus, instead of being at the 45th position in the world’s ranking of the ocean powers, the Republic of France comes in the second position, straight after the United States of America. This high and indeed precious position, both geostrategically and economically, affects its views toward the United Nations negotiations process on biological diversity beyond national jurisdiction.
The Role of Islam in Indonesian Foreign Policy: A Case of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Introduction
Authors:   Vistula University (Poland), Songbatumis Aisyah
Published: July 2021

As Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the 2004 presidential election, it marked the end of Indonesia’s democratic transition era and experienced a dynamic change in foreign policy. The new international identity that viewed Islam as an asset was introduced by SBY, emphasizing the importance of moderate Islam as opposing extremism. The phenomenon of Islamic influence was not only the result of democratic consolidation domestically but also external factors such as the aftermath of 9/11 that portrayed Muslims as potential terrorists. For this reason, Indonesian foreign policy attempted to diminish such misconceptions and tried to be a peacemaker or a mediator in Muslim-related issues globally. To contextualize the analysis, the study focuses on the influence of Islam in Indonesian foreign policy towards the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and Pakistan. The mutual aspirations on the Palestinian statehood shared by both the government and the Muslim elements in society could be found, while religious sentiments were noticeable, as shown by the Muslim groups. In contrast, the influence of Islam in Indonesia-Pakistan relations, especially regarding the Kashmir dispute, was absent due to the difference in views of the government and the Muslim groups and constraining factors, including Indonesia’s national interest priority.
Migration and Foreign Aid as Factors Restraining Regional Cooperation in the South Pacific
Authors:   University of Bergen (Norway), Siekiera Joanna
Published: July 2021

Cooperation in the South Pacific region is unique due to the characteristics of its participants. Following the period of decolonization (1962-1980), countries in Oceania have radically changed. Achieving independence gave those nations international legal personality, yet complete independence from their former colonial powers. The following consequence was gaining an opportunity to draft, adopt and execute own laws in national and foreign policy. PICT (Pacific island countries and territories) have been expanding connections, political and trade ones, within the region since the 1960s when permanent migration of islanders and intra-regional transactions began. Migrations along with foreign aid are considered as the distinctive characteristics of the Pacific Ocean basin. Since the 1980s, the regional integration in Oceania, through establishing regional groupings and increasing the regional trade agreements number, took on pace and scope. The MIRAB synthetic measure (migration, remittances, aid, bureaucracy) has been used in analyzing the Oceania developing microeconomies. Last but not least, migration and foreign aid have been retaining the region from a deeper and more effective stage of regionalism.
COVID-19 as a Green Light for the Regeneration of ISIS’ Forces in North-East Syria
Authors:   Leiden University (Netherlands), Schaefer Oskar
Published: July 2021

Following the fall of the so-called Islamic State in March 2019, tens of thousands of its fighters, along with their wives and children, were captured and detained in facilities controlled by Syrian Democratic Forces in northeast Syria. Many of which were European. Based on the information provided by scientific institutes and journalists, the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic had had a significant impact on the functioning of those facilities. Not only did it aggravate an already severe humanitarian crisis, pushing the detainees to reinforce their attempts of escaping and rioting against the guards, but it also lowered the security level in the controlled facilities, allowing a flourishing of criminal activities. Furthermore, the detainment of ISIS followers turned into a political game between the Kurdish coalition and the United States. The global health crisis put to the test the strategy of many Western governments of keeping European ISIS fighters in the Middle East while pressuring the international community to rethink its approach towards this crescent problem.
Language Interactions, Personality, Perceived Stress, Family Environment and Self-Esteem of Individuals with and without chronic lower back pain
Authors: Surekha Pragati
Published: July 2021

The aim of the present policy suggestion is to help people recover from pain by focussing on re-working language spoken to them at home and at work. An objective scietific analysis of people along various dimensions, helps to set a ground work for incorporating some of the suggestions
earmarked here. This study aims to find the correlation between CLBP and mental constructs affecting it.
CALL & MALL: The New Age Language Learning
Authors: Sen Manisha
Published: July 2021

Technology changes rapidly and it holds visible effects in many spheres of our lives including education. CALL (Computer Assisted Learning Language) is a popular term and has been in use since 1960s or 1970s. However MALL (Mobile Assisted Learning Language) is a relatively new term
and is being used for the past one or two decades. Computer on one hand has ability to handle good amount of information: audio-visual or textual while mobile phones are superior in terms of portability. This paper aims at providing information about CALL and MALL related technology resources
and the ways in which these promote fruitful education.
Learning by Doing: Distance Learning
Authors: Sinha Gaurav
Published: July 2021

The physical classroom learning nowadays is no longer applicable for the current younger generations. Internet and distance learning which is generally known as online education plays a vital roles in the country’s education system. It is undeniable that online education provides
ample of benefits to young learners. Nevertheless, there are also many negative implications from online education. Limited collaborative learning, increase in time and effort are the several negative implications from online education. This study examines the implications of online education
among students especially in a private higher learning institution and its effect towards Malaysian national education system. Information has been collected through surveys, interviews and together with secondary data, and were seen using SPSS. The studies found that there are various serious
issues regarding online education and on its effect on the quality of Malaysian Education System to certain extend. Several problems have been identified and these issues have to be solved in order to sustain the quality of education for future generations. Furthermore, Ministry of Higher
Education (MOHE) should formulate a standard policy, monitor closely the implementation of online education, evaluate and review the method used in teaching and upgrade to maintain the quality of online education in private higher education institution.
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION AND GENDER INEQUALITY IN “THE TEMPEST”
Authors: Sreemany Tithi
Published: July 2021

The Tempest is one of the most famous and widely popular plays written by renowned writer and playwright William Shakespeare. The play revolves around the main protagonist Prospero who emerges as an all-knowing, benevolent patriarch who acts as the puppet-master who determines the fate
of all the other characters in the play by virtue of his magic. Until the advent of post-colonial criticism, Anglo-American critics frequently read The Tempest as an allegory about artistic creation and Prospero was perceived to be a representation of Shakespeare himself whose motives
are beyond reproach.The Post-colonial readings of The Tempest, provides us a deeper and a more insightful perspective of the play. A close inspection of his masterpieces gives us a glimpse of various aspects of the prevailing social structures, gender and cast roles, political conditions,
beliefs and superstitions. The prevailing gender discrimination becomes evident by Prospero’s treatment toward Caliban (a black slave) as opposed to his behavior toward Ariel (a white slave) and his depiction of Sycorax. Claribel wedding also provides a glimpse of racial prejudice and
the discrimination based on colour.Another major concept that comes to the limelight with the Post-colonial readings of The Tempest is the gender discrimination. These patriarchal ideals are heavily noted in The Tempest, especially with the appearance of the single female character, Miranda.
Claribel is yet another example of how women were expected to play a passive, submissive role in the society. This is further enhanced by the lack of any other female character in the entire play. Depiction of Sycorax also provides us a glimpse of the deep rooted misogyny in the patriarchal
society.Shakespeare often used social issues as a way to explore the way society functioned, using the stage to present a microcosm that represented the larger macrocosm of the universe. Thus critical analysis of The Tempest provides us with an accurate depiction of the social constructs,
gender bias and the racial discrimination prevalent in the Elizabethan Era.
THE EVOLUTION OF ENGLISH IN INDIA
Authors: Basu Shreya
Published: July 2021

Introduced by the British colonization and today the official language of the Indian Nation in association with Hindi, English is spoken as a second language by a minority of the educated population of 8 to 11% according to current estimations. English as a language in India has an
archive of about three hundred years. It existed in India with the entrance of the British on the Indian coasts. English as a language from that time until now has a substantial journey in the Indian subcontinent. People from different religions, communities, and cultures have attempted to
adopt English for many reasons. Consequently, in the present context, we cannot think our life is comfortable in India without English. English in India is a symbol of people’s aspirations for quality in education and fuller participation in national and international life. Therefore
it is the need of the hour to understand the history and evolution of English in India as well as to review how we are progressing with the English language and the same is being highlighted in this research paper.
New Media and Language Learning: Opening Global Doors to Linguistic Development
Authors: Tripathi Malabika , Ray Nalanda , Sinha Arijit , Ahmed Farheen
Published: July 2021

Introduction: New media and its significant impact on language learning can be traced back to no more than 60 years. Within this time, the mode of language learning has been revolutionized, by increasing user-accessibility, comfort, and exposure. The most influential types of new media
used globally are computer-assisted applications, video-on-demand websites, and social network sites.Objectives: The present study has three objectives – to review the impact of new media on language learning; to determine the differences between the effects of new media language-learning
and traditional style of language learning; and to understand the assistance provided by new media technology in the language learning of populations with learning disabilities.Method: Literature review method was adopted.Results: The findings of the present paper highlights how new
media has impacted language learning by generating greater accessibility, exposure to content, and user-self-efficacy – which is beneficial with the learning disability population. It has been found that the most effective way of language learning is an amalgamation of new media and
conventional face-to-face language learning style. However, this content of language learning has faced degradation. The present study therefore proposes the NMCQ (New Media Content Quality) model. It provides a synthesis of effective new media language learning by matching the quantity of
language learners with the quality of content being learned. It proposes an amalgamation of new media technology and human assistance in promoting effective methods of linguistic development.Conclusion: It has been found that new media alone cannot proliferate optimal language learning,
and the quality of content may not be ideal. Nevertheless, new media is beneficial in the efficiency of language learning in terms of accessibility, exposure and cultural assimilation. With the growing global foreign economy, the need for language learners has gained importance. Therefore,
the significance of new media cannot be understated in this domain.
DISTANCE EDUCATION - The School of Tomorrow
Authors: Sanyal Amlan , Kundu Debangshu
Published: July 2021

This paper reviews the importance and demerits of distance education and provides a short history of it - from its beginnings to the current day and how it can affect the future of students.
Continuous Professional Development; A Hefty Apparatus for Teaching English for Competitive Examinations
Authors: Chatterjee Santadip
Published: July 2021

To call a spade a spade, English language has become the lingua franca and it is called the global language as well. English has a gargantuan impact in every nook and cranny. In the field of competitive examinations also, English as a subject has a colossal importance. To talk turkey,
to get success in different types of competitive examinations, one of the essential eligibility criteria’s is to have a sound knowledge and proficiency in English writing, speaking, reading and listening, which are the four basic skills of English language as well. Continuous professional
development is extremely important for the pedagogues to teach English for competitive examinations. Technology as a tool of teaching English for competitive examinations is immensely significant. Accurate usages of various technological tools in the field of education are the integral part
of continuous professional development. This paper enucleates the fecund usages and amenities of smart classroom, e-learning, different types of apps and curriculum development to teach English for competitive examinations. Continuous professional development is one of the hefty apparatuses,
through which the pedagogues can lift the entire education system at the acme of prevalence. Continuous professional development as an important procedure hit the bull’s eye to teach English for competitive examinations. Through Continuous Professional Development, pedagogues can develop
their basic skills, teaching skills, academic qualities, knowledge. Organizing wads of symposiums and participating in plethora of seminars, faculty development programs, webinars and workshops on the importance of English in different types of competitive examinations are also the part and
parcel of Continuous professional development.
Missing Self–Induced Microvascular Rejection of Kidney Allografts: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Callemeyn Jasper , Senev Aleksandar , Coemans Maarten , Lerut Evelyne , Sprangers Ben , Kuypers Dirk , Koenig Alice , Thaunat Olivier , Emonds Marie-Paule , Naesens Maarten
Published: July 2021

Significance Statement

Microvascular inflammation (MVI) of the kidney transplant is an important determinant of allograft outcome. Although MVI is considered a cardinal manifestation of antibody-mediated rejection, it is often encountered in the absence of circulating donor-specific antibodies, which raises uncertainty about the underlying cause. The authors used genotyping of killer cell Ig-like receptors of recipients and high-resolution HLA genotyping to assess the presence of missing self, a nonhumoral natural killer cell stimulus, in a large cohort of kidney transplantations. They found that missing self specifically increases the risk of MVI after transplantation, and could explain one fifth of patients without detectable antibodies. This study suggests systematic evaluation of missing self improves our understanding of MVI, and might be relevant for improved diagnostic classification and patient risk stratification.

Background

Circulating anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (HLA-DSA) are often absent in kidney transplant recipients with microvascular inflammation (MVI). Missing self, the inability of donor endothelial cells to provide HLA I–mediated signals to inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) on recipient natural killer cells, can cause endothelial damage in vitro, and has been associated with HLA-DSA–negative MVI. However, missing self’s clinical importance as a nonhumoral trigger of allograft rejection remains unclear.

Methods

In a population-based study of 924 consecutive kidney transplantations between March 2004 and February 2013, we performed high-resolution donor and recipient HLA typing and recipient KIR genotyping. Missing self was defined as the absence of A3/A11, Bw4, C1, or C2 donor genotype, with the presence of the corresponding educated recipient inhibitory KIR gene.

Results

We identified missing self in 399 of 924 transplantations. Co-occurrence of missing self types had an additive effect in increasing MVI risk, with a threshold at two concurrent types (hazard ratio [HR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.26 to 2.53), independent of HLA-DSA (HR, 5.65; 95% CI, 4.01 to 7.96). Missing self and lesions of cellular rejection were not associated. No HLA-DSAs were detectable in 146 of 222 recipients with MVI; 28 of the 146 had at least two missing self types. Missing self associated with transplant glomerulopathy after MVI (HR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.12 to 5.62), although allograft survival was better than with HLA-DSA–associated MVI.

Conclusion

Missing self specifically and cumulatively increases MVI risk after kidney transplantation, independent of HLA-DSA. Systematic evaluation of missing self improves understanding of HLA-DSA–negative MVI and might be relevant for improved diagnostic classification and patient risk stratification.
Mathematical ideas and indigenous languages
Authors: Barton Bill , Frank Roslyn M
Published: July 2021

Recent interest in how anthropology and linguistics relates to mathematics has led to recognition that mathematical thinking is a function of language in ways not previously recognised. Ethnomathematics, cognitive linguistics, and anthropology are all pointing to a way of understanding mathematical ideas based on human experience and cultural activities. Formal mathematics can be seen to have developed from metaphors deeply embedded in our languages. This raises the question of relativity in mathematics. Do different languages embody different types of mathematics? This chapter examines some emerging evidence in the grammar and syntax of indigenous languages, i.e. languages structurally very different from the Indo-European linguistic tradition. The educational consequences of the possibility of different mathematical thinking is briefly discussed.
Fluid management in patients undergoing neurosurgery
Authors: Ryu Taeha
Published: July 2021

Fluid management is an important component of perioperative care for patients undergoing neurosurgery. The primary goal of fluid management in neurosurgery is the maintenance of normovolemia and prevention of serum osmolarity reduction. To maintain normovolemia, it is important to administer fluids in appropriate amounts following appropriate methods, and to prevent a decrease in serum osmolarity, the choice of fluid is essential. There is considerable debate about the choice and optimal amounts of fluids administered in the perioperative period. However, there is little high-quality clinical research on fluid therapy for patients undergoing neurosurgery. This review will discuss the choice and optimal amounts of fluids in neurosurgical patients based on the literature, recent issues, and perioperative fluid management practices.
Transition zones and biogeographic characterization of endemism in three biogeographic provinces of central Mexico
Authors: Villaseñor José Luis , Ortiz Enrique , Juárez Diego
Published: July 2021

Background: Sites of overlap in the species distribution among regions are known as transition zones. Their floristic and biogeographic complexity is rarely discussed.

Questions: Is it possible to identify transition zones amid the biogeographic provinces of Mexico? Can transition zones also be considered areas of endemism?

Study species: 315 Asteraceae taxa endemic to Mexico.Study site: Volcanic Belt, Balsas Depression and Sierra Madre del Sur biogeographic provinces.

Methods: For species of Asteraceae endemic to three biogeographic provinces of central Mexico, we characterized the province to which each species belonged and estimated the distance it could penetrate the neighboring province. We defined transition zones between biogeographic provinces as the average penetration distances of the species. We also evaluated the presence of species with restricted distribution to transition zones.

Results: Two transition zones were identified in the Balsas Depression, first, at the junction with the Volcanic Belt with a width of 13 km, and second, with the Sierra Madre del Sur, with a width of 12.3 km. There were 45 species whose distribution was restricted to those transition zones.Conclusions: Understanding how richness and endemism are exchanged from one region to another is essential to explain how their floras have been assembling and evolving. This analysis has allowed us to better understand the relationships among regions as complex as those studied here.
Modelado actual y futuro de la idoneidad de hábitat el ahuehuete ( Taxodium mucronatum Ten.): una propuesta para conservación en México
Authors: Martínez-Sifuentes Aldo Rafael , Villanueva-Díaz José , Crisantos de la Rosa Elizabeth , Stahle David W.
Published: July 2021

Antecedentes: Los modelos para determinar la idoneidad de hábitat de especies arbóreas es actualmente una herramienta geoespacial relevante en la toma de decisiones.
Hipótesis: La idoneidad de hábitat actual y futura permite identificar zonas potenciales para conservación del ahuehuete en México.
Especie de estudio: Taxodium mucronatum Ten.
Sitio de estudio: México.
Métodos: Se emplearon registros de ahuehuete y variables climáticas, edafológicas y topográficas, las cuales se procesaron a través del algoritmo MaxEnt; se estimaron superficies actuales y futuras para los escenarios 2050, 2070 con dos criterios de distribución, idoneidad de hábitat y ecosistema actual o ripario y se identificaron áreas potenciales para conservación.
Resultados: Se estimó una superficie de 11,217,706.2 y 48,958.5 ha como áreas de idoneidad de hábitat, bajo los dos criterios, respectivamente. La variable más importante en el modelo fue la temperatura promedio del trimestre más frío. El modelo predice una reducción en superficie potencial de 2,989,580.9 ha y de 7,158,9829.96 ha para 2050 y 2070, respectivamente. La reducción estimada en la superficie actual es de 12,415.3 ha y 32,037.1 ha, para 2050 y 2070, respectivamente. Se identificaron diversas zonas para conservación en los estados de Puebla, Guanajuato, Estado de México y Chiapas.
Conclusiones: En el presente estudio, se generó una propuesta para selección de sitios y desarrollo de actividades de conservación y restauración del ahuehuete en México, mediante el algoritmo MaxEnt.
SOEM-X: Measuring industry exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in the United States (Proximity Exposure Variant) v1
Authors: Walsh Michael
Published: July 2021

This protocol explains how to generate a novel set of industry-level measures for proximity exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in the United States. These measures are derived from a specific set of occupation-level measures of proximity exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in the United States. Note, this protocol is a variant of “SOEM-X: Measuring industry exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in the United States.”