bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomachsystems: Historical Aspect
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Chernoivanov V.I. , Tolokonnikov G.K.
Published: February 2022

A historical analysis of systemic issues was carried out, which showed that biomachsystems led to the emergence of ergatic systems. The existing approaches to the plant as a system do not take into account systemically important factors. The task is to develop functional and biomachsystems, first of all, for higher cultivated plants. The modern design scheme of agricultural machines dictated by the theory of biomachsystems is presented.
Increasing the Resource Capabilities of Technological Machines in Reclamation Works
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Sevryugina N.S. , Apatenko A.S. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Golubev I.G. ,   Rosinformagrotekh
Published: February 2022

The need for repair actions was determined depending on the resource of technological machines and their parts. On the example of an excavator bucket, directions for increasing resource capabilities are shown.
Outcome of middle cerebral artery territory stroke without recanalization therapy in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Dey Subash Kanti , Shahidullah Md , Ahmed Anis , Habib Md Ahsan , Khatun Mst Habiba , Rizvi Abu Nasir , Chowdhury Ashish
Published: February 2022

Among all the large vessel territory stroke, middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory stroke is the most common . Outcome depends on awareness and availability of specific treatment and proper conservative management after stroke. This prospective cohort study enrolled 49 clinically and radiologically diagnosed MCA territory stroke patients admitted in Neurology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January 2018 to December 2020. The aim was to see the prognosis of the middle cerebral artery territory (MCA) stroke patient who were treated conservatively. The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to measure the prognosis just after admission, after three months, six months, one year and two years; and the mean scores were 3.88 ± 0.88, 3.33 ± 1.24, 2.98 ± 1.42, 2.67 ± 1.60 & 2.23 ± 1.56 respectively. Among 49 patients, 9 patients died over the study period; one patient within one month after stroke, 3 patients within 3 months and 5 patients within six months. Though death rate was high in first three months, the survived patients improved significantly with conservative management in next two years of follow-up period.
BSMMU J 2021; 14(3): 74-78
Hypothyroidism with too Many Associations Case Report
Authors: Razzak Md Abdur , Zia Fahd Bin
Published: February 2022

Hypothyroidism is one of the common endocrine disorders. Amongst other causes, autoimmune hypothyroidism is clinically more important. It has got many adverse effects on metabolism, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, fetomaternal and mental health. It's associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, IHD, inflammatory myopathy, depression etc. It is responsible for menorrhagia, subfertility, recurrent abortion, prematurity, fetomaternal morbidity and mortality. It may be associated with other organ specific or multisystem autoimmune diseases like SLE, vitiligo, alopecia, type-I DM, pernicious anemia and others. We have diagnosed a case of autoimmune hypothyroidism who had all the classic features of hypothyroidism. He had low FT4 and very high TSH. Autoimmunity was confirmed by high titer of anti TG and anti TPO antibody. In addition he had dimorphic anaemia, alopecia, diastolic hypertension, dyslipidemia, IHD, Vit D deficiency, myopathy, peripheral neuropathy, depression and dementia. His condition has been improved with Thyroxin replacement, lipid lowring drugs, anti anginal drugs, iron, calcium, folic acid, Vit-D supplementations, exercise, physiotherapy and other symptomatic and supportive measures. He was advised for consultation with dermatologist and periodic follow up.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 17, No 1 (June) 2021: 42-45
Pemanfaatan budidaya secara hidroponik di kawasan pekarangan sempit areal perkotaan
Authors: Mahdalena Mahdalena , Munandar Anis
Published: February 2022

Sayuran dan buah-buahan merupakan kebutuhan pangan dasar yang dikonsumsi oleh manusia. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk juga harusnya diiringi oleh jumlah konsumsi pangan tersebut. Namum berbeda halnya dalam keadaan masyarakat sekarang, laju perkembangan masyarakat tidak diiringi oleh perluasan lahan budidaya pertanian khususnya untuk daerah perkotaan. Seringnya perubahan alih fungsi lahan yang merupakan daerah sentra pertanian yang dialih fungsikan menjadi pemukiman warga, memberikan dampak negatif bagi masyarakat perkotaan tidak hanya kekurangan suplay bahan pangan namun juga ketersediaan lingkungan hijau mulai menurun. Kurangnya area hijau dikawasan pemukiman masyarakat perkotaan dikarenakan keterbatasan lahan perkarangan karena padatnya jumlah penduduk, merupakan salah satu permasahalan yang saring muncul sehingga hal ini harus dapat diselesaikan. Salah satu cara penangan masalah kurangnya area hijau diwilayah perkotaan karena sempitnya lahan perkarangan dapat disiasati dengan penanaman tanaman baik berupa sayur maupun buah-buahan dengan cara hidroponik. Sehingga masyarakat mampu memenuhi kebutuhan sayur maupun buah-buahan untuk rumah tangganya sendiri.
Strategi pengembangan produk jipang berbasiskan pelatihan manajemen usaha dan pemasaran yang kreatif
Authors: Rapini Titi , Kristiyana Naning , Santoso Adi , Setyawan Fery
Published: February 2022

Kegiatan ini bertujuan Kondisi mitra hampir sama dengan kebanyakan UKM  yang ada di desa lain, yakni mengalami beberapa permasalahan sehingga sulit untuk bisa berkembang. Industry kuliner Jipang merupakan salah satu usaha milik BUMDes Desa Wonoketro, sedangkan desa Wonoketro itu sendiri memiliki hasil alam utama yakni padi, serta hasil tani berupa jagung dan kedelai. Sedangkan untuk bidang usaha mitra itu sendiri berupa jasa persewaan molen dan industry kuliner berupa Jipang. Berdasarkan informasi yang digali dari pengurus, permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra setidaknya ada empat hal, yakni: kurangnya analisa dan pengembangan potensi desa; belum kuatnya manajemen organisasi yang digunakan; lemahnya aspek administrasi dan manajemen keuangan; serta belum maksimalnya strategi pemasaran yang digunakan. Aspek modal yang selama ini menjadi salah satu masalah penting bagi sebuah badan usaha sebenarnya kurang berlaku bagi mitra, karena mitra mendapat dukungan modal yang cukup besar dari penyertaan modal dari desa maupun dari pemerintah Kabupaten. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan ini, kami berusaha memberikan solusi dengan membidik aspek Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM). SDM menjadi salah satu aspek penting dalam sebuah organisasi karena SDM itulah yang menjalankan aspek lain dari sebuah organisasi. Kami berusaha menguatkan SDM organisasi mitra dengan memberikan beberapa program seperti pemberian pelatihan manajemen usaha , pelatihan pemasaran  usaha mitra  industry kuliner Jipang demi menguatkan SDM dan marketing usaha  industry Jipang milik BUMDes.
Meningkatkan minat baca anak usia dini dengan mendongeng
Authors: Syafrina Rizqi
Published: February 2022

Membaca buku merupakan salah satu jendela dari ilmu pengetahuan, dimana dengan buku seseorang bisa mendapatkan pengetahuan baru. Namun saat ini buku mulai ditinggalkan, anak-anak mulai lebih mengenal gadget, baik itu berupa tontotan televisi, telepon seluler maupun permainan elektronik lainnya. Pada sekolah Ra. Tarbiyatunsibyan banyak anak yang menyukai aktivitas menonton atau memainkan telepon seluler. Saat dilakukan aktivitas membaca, anak cenderung terlihat mengantuk dan sesekali terlihat merebahkan badan saat guru bercerita. Sedangkan menurut Kasiyun (2015) minat baca merupakan kunci penting bagi kemajuan suatu bangsa, karena penguasaan iptek hanya dapat diraih dengan minat baca yang tinggi, buka kegiatan menyimak atau mendengarkan. Dalam hal ini minat membaca perlu kembali ditingkatkan kembali mulai dari anak usia dini. Meningkatkan minat baca dapat dilakukan dengan kegiatan mendongeng. Utomo (2014) mengatakan ini aktivtas mendongeng merupakan kegiatan penting yang perlu dilakukan dimana dapat membantu anak untuk menyukai bahasa, membantu pencapaian perkembangan dalam pembelajaran emosi, meningkatkan suasana belajar dan mengenalkan nilai-nilai baru serta nilai-nilai budaya pada anak. Dalam hal ini diharapkan aktivitas mendongeng juga dapat menumbuhkan minat baca anak agar setelah anak menyukai aktivitas membaca, anak akan merasakan manfaat dari kegiatan membaca.
Penyuluhan Hukum Di Kecamatan Mojogedang Kabupaten Karanganyar Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan Mutu Hukum Melalui Sosialisasi Bantuan Hukum
Authors: Kurnianingsih Marisa , Nugraha Rokhman Adi Putera , Pamuncak Aristya Windiana
Published: February 2022

Legal aid is legal services provided by legal aid providers free of charge to legal aid recipients. Based on the basic constitution of the Indonesian nation which aims to guarantee the constitutional rights of everyone to get recognition, guarantee, protection, and legal certainty that is just and equal treatment before the law as a means of protecting human rights, where this is one form of protecting community rights and the form of the state in being responsible for providing legal aid for the poor as a manifestation of access to justice. The purpose of the legal counseling activity is to provide skills as well as an understanding of legal aid and how to obtain it for the community in Mojogedang Village, Mojogedang District, Karanganyar Regency. The method used in this activity is socialization which is then followed by legal assistance for the community in Mojogedang Village, Mojogedang District, Karanganyar Regency.
Media Video Edukasi untuk Meningkatkan Efikasi Diri Anak Tuna Grahita
Authors: Susanti Romia Hari
Published: February 2022

Anak berkebutuhan khusus dengan segala keterbatasannya memiliki kesulitan saat mengikuti pembelajaran. Melalui efikasi diri diharapkan keterbatasan yang menjadi penghalang proses belajar akan mudah dilalui oleh siswa berkebutuhan khusus. Efikasi diri sebagai suatu kompetensi memilki empat dimensi meliputi kognitif, motivasi, afeksi, dan seleksi yang akan mendorong individu untuk berusaha mengatasi hambatan. Dalam upaya membimbing anak tunagrahita menjadi pribadi yang mandiri, penggunaan video edukasi dapat digunakan secara individual, tidak hanya dalam setting sekolah, tetapi juga bisa diputar ulang di rumah melalui panduan dari guru atau cukup mendengarkan uraian narasi dari narator yang telah terekam. Melalui video anak langsung mendapat umpan balik secara visual terhadap kemampuan mereka sehingga mampu mencoba keterampilaan yang diharapkan terbentuk. Video edukasi dirancang sebagai media yang menyajikan audio dan visual berisi pesan dan serangkaian gambar yang menunjukkan contoh cara bersikap dan keterampilan tertentu sebagai bentuk layanan bantuan yang diberikan kepada individu dalam rangka membahas beberapa permasalahan yang sedang terjadi.
An overview of Dentistry during and after the COVID-19 pandemic period in Brazil
Authors: Martins Christine Men , Santinoni Carolina dos Santos , Moraes Larissa dos Santos de , Catelan Anderson , Monteiro Douglas Roberto , Mori Graziela Garrido , Batista Victor Eduardo de Souza
Published: February 2022

This study investigated how Brazilian dentists are performing their clinical activities during the pandemic in different dentistry specialties and whether changes in biosafety protocols and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) made will continue in the post-pandemic period. For that, a cross-sectional online questionnaire-based survey was presented to the volunteers. A total of 423 dentists (298 females) responded to the survey. Their age ranged from 22-73 (38.07 ± 10.58) years and years of dental practice ranged from 1-45 (14.68 ± 10.56). Most of the responders (66.43%) worked in private clinic. Since the beginning of the outbreak, 53.9% limited its activities only to urgent and emergency care; 75% starting limit its activities between March 18th and April 1st; and 25.88% limited for more than 15 weeks. Most of dentists are aware about the setting of dental office and are taking actions to prevent the transmission of the COVID-19 virus. The majority are all personal protective equipment. After the pandemic period, volunteers stated that will continue with the use of personal protective equipment, exception only to the use of the respirator. There was continuity of dental care, following the recommendations for safe care. There was a tendency for changes in relation to PPE to last after the end of the pandemic.
Stages of motor learning and the teaching-learning process in swimming
Authors: Fernandes Lidiane A , Nogueira Nathálya G H M , Figueiredo Lucas S , Ferreira Bárbara P , Couto Crislaine R , Torres Natália L , Ribeiro Lucas C , Lage Guilherme M
Published: February 2022

A formal swimming learning occurs through a direct interaction between teacher and learner. The aim of this study is to present models for classification of learning in stages and discuss their implications for the teaching-learning process of swimming. This narrative review was carried out through bibliographic research. We used qualitative and exploratory approaches. Models proposed by Adams (1971), Fitts and Posner, (1967), and Gentile (1972) categorize learning into several stages, accounting for the characteristics of the learners and the environment. To enhance the teaching-learning process of swimming skills, the teacher must recognize the stages in which the learner finds himself, and to establish efficient teaching strategies. The learning stage identification affects the manipulation of variables that interfere in learning, such as setting goals, selecting content, choosing appropriate strategies and assessing learning, regardless of the swimming stroke. Even though some points will differ between swimming styles, such as the specificity, the specificity of errors, the informational demand, and the amount of practice, it is the teacher's role to establish the relationship between the student and the contents to be taught in the teaching-learning process. Overall, the quality of the teaching-learning process will depend on the teacher’s ability to propose contents that are appropriate to the characteristics, needs and expectations of the learners, being sufficiently challenging to arouse motivation and to promote skills learning.
Morbimortalidade por câncer de próstata nas regiões brasileiras no período de 2016 a 2020
Authors: Queiroz Lizandra de Farias Rodrigues , Negreiros Rosângela Vidal de , Pereira Audimere Monteiro , Silva Ana Cristina Rodrigues Luna e , Menezes Giovanna Raquel Sena , Pereira Márcia Alencar de Medeiros , Silva Martapolyana Torres Menezes da , Sousa Juliana Dias Pereira de , Gonçalves Érida Oliveira , Porto Rafaela Fernandes
Published: February 2022

De acordo com a literatura, o câncer de próstata é considerado o segundo tipo de neoplasia mais prevalente na população masculina, afetando sobretudo aqueles que apresentam fatores de risco não modificáveis, como a idade avançada e o histórico familiar da doença. Sendo assim, foi proposto como objetivo deste estudo avaliar a morbimortalidade por câncer de próstata nas diferentes regiões brasileiras, através da análise de números absolutos e taxas de internação e de mortalidade. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo, de natureza descritiva e com abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram obtidos a partir do endereço eletrônico do Departamento de Informática do SUS/DATASUS e categorizados em números de internações e de óbitos por Neoplasia Maligna da Próstata, distribuídos nas cinco regiões brasileiras e apresentados na forma de números absolutos e taxas. Dentro do período compreendido no estudo, de 2016 a 2020, foi observado que a região Norte possui as mais elevadas taxas de mortalidade e as menores taxas de internação por câncer de próstata. Dessa forma, aponta-se que a limitada procura da população masculina aos serviços de saúde, bem como o preconceito e receio existente em relação ao exame de toque retal, prejudicam o diagnóstico precoce e consequentemente, o tratamento oportuno e efetivo do câncer de próstata. Portanto, os serviços de saúde devem enfatizar ações assistenciais direcionadas à saúde deste público, desenvolvendo estratégias e ofertando serviços que priorizem a redução nos níveis de morbimortalidade decorrente desta patologia e promovam a igualdade na assistência.
A saúde bucal infantil: a percepção de profissionais da saúde, da educação e dos pais ou dos responsáveis da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Jardim Ana Paula Vieira Perdigão , Rocha Najara Barbosa da , Moura Rosa Núbia Vieira de , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos profissionais da saúde, da educação e dos pais ou dos responsáveis sobre a saúde bucal de crianças de 0 a 5 anos, em um município da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Metodologia: O estudo utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa e como instrumento da coleta de dados, o grupo focal, realizado com dois grupos: um com os responsáveis e outro com os profissionais. A análise de conteúdo foi feita segundo Graneheim e Lundman, assumindo como referencial teórico as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal para esse grupo etário. Resultados: Foram identificados 3 temas comuns aos dois grupos: o papel do serviço, da família e da escola na produção da saúde. Os profissionais percebem o serviço como resolutivo, com fluxo de consultas coordenado entre pré-natal e odontologia. porém acham necessária a capacitação dos professores em relação à saúde bucal. Os responsáveis pelas crianças consideraram ser importante a atuação do serviço na prevenção desde nascimento, educação em saúde bucal e assistência às gestantes. Os responsáveis pelas crianças reconhecem seu papel desde amamentação até os cuidados com higiene bucal e hábitos, e consideraram estas tarefas difíceis. Os profissionais entendem que ações escolares são impactantes na promoção de saúde das crianças. Conclusões: Os participantes consideram que a família é responsável pelo cuidado da criança, juntamente com a escola e os serviços de saúde e que esse cuidado deve se iniciar a partir da concepção, com a gestante. Esses resultados serão dados importantes para uma proposta de ação no município de estudo.
A potência de membros superiores está relacionada com o desempenho de nado crawl em nadadores adolescentes
Authors: Barbosa Alexandre Medeiros de Quadros
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Para otimizar o desempenho de jovens atletas de natação é importante compreender os mecanismos envolvidos com a propulsão de nado. Objetivo: Verificar a relação da potência de membros superiores com o desempenho de nado crawl 50-m em atletas escolares de natação de ambos os sexos. Método: Estudo transversal, com amostra composta por 20 atletas escolares de natação (idade: 12.7 ± 0.8, 50% do sexo masculino e 50% do sexo feminino). Analisamos o desempenho de nado crawl através de um sprint máximo de 50-m, realizado em piscina olímpica. Analisamos a potência de membros superiores através do teste de lançamento de medicineball, a unidade de medida do teste de membros superiores foi convertida em watts através de uma equação de física newtoniana. Através de análises de correlações e regressões verificamos a relação e contribuição da potência de membros superiores para o desempenho de nado crawl 50-m. Resultados: A potência de membros superiores se relacionou com o desempenho dos nadadores de ambos os sexos (Masculino: r = -0.77, p=0.009. Feminino: r= -0.68, p=0.0007). A além disso, apontou capacidade de predição do desempenho dos nadadores de ambos os sexos (Masculino: r²= 0.593, β=-0.32, p<0.001. Feminino: r²= 0.474, β=-0.15, p=0.02). Conclusão: Em atletas escolares de natação de ambos os sexos, a potência de membros superiores está relacionada com o desempenho de nado crawl na distância de 50 metros.
Studygrams e a formação profissional em Nutrição: relato de uma experiência em Educação Alimentar e Nutricional
Authors: Cabral Brenda Inara Pereira , Santos Isabelle Christiny Oliveira , Flores Ilana Freitas Freire de Carvalho Cairo , Coelho Yuri Cavaleiro de Macêdo
Published: February 2022

As redes sociais da Internet estão se constituindo como um novo espaçotempo de aprendizado e compartilhamento de conteúdos sobre diversas temáticas. Neste relato de experiência, utilizamos o Instagram como um meio pedagógico para divulgação científica e formação acadêmica de futuros nutricionistas. Desse modo, este trabalho objetivou analisar de que forma a criação e o gerenciamento de um Studygram sobre EAN, desenvolvido por nutricionistas em formação, participantes de um projeto de extensão, contribuiu para o aprimoramento do graduando e na popularização de hábitos alimentares saudáveis e equilibrados. Os resultados revelam que o processo de pesquisa, organização e produção de conteúdo para serem compartilhados em Studygrams exigiram esforços como adaptação da linguagem técnica, para que as informações se tornassem mais claras e objetivas; estética personalizada e padronizada; acompanhamento de novidades científicas e das métricas das postagens; formação de parcerias com perfis de interesses similares, dentre outros. A dinâmica de construção e gerenciamento de Studygrams durante um projeto de extensão universitária foi enriquecedor para os integrantes na medida em que favoreceu a ampliação dos conhecimentos em nutrição e o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências para a atuação profissional do nutricionista no meio virtual. Ademais, defendemos, a partir de nossas vivências, que redes sociais como o Instagram, podem ser ferramentas úteis à Educação Alimentar e Nutricional, pois se constituem como um aberto, interativo e personalizável, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de ações de promoção de saúde.
Agaricales no Brasil: um panorama da produção científica, lacunas e tendências
Authors: Carvalho Sara Karla de Abreu Andrade , Morais Isa Lucia de , Calaça Francisco J Simões , Hannibal Wellington
Published: February 2022

O filo Basidiomycota representa um dos grupos de fungos de maior diversidade. Neste filo a ordem Agaricales possui grande valor ecológico e econômico. No entanto, esta ordem é pouco estudada no Brasil. Assim, numa tentativa de contribuir com o conhecimento científico acerca deste táxon, neste estudo avaliamos as tendências e lacunas da produção científica sobre Agaricales. Buscamos por estudos sobre Agaricales no Brasil, publicados no período de 1980 a 2020, por meio das bases de dados Web of Science e Scopus, usando as seguintes combinações de palavras e indexadores booleanos: Agaricales OR Agaric* AND Brazil*. Encontramos um total de 824 documentos sobre Agaricales no Brasil no período avaliado, com aumento do número de estudos associados à escala temporal. Nas regiões Sudeste, Nordeste e Sul do país estão os maiores centros de produção científica sobre Agaricales, com destaque para as Universidades Federais de Minas Gerais, de Pernambuco e do Paraná, as quais dispõem de maiores estruturas e recursos humanos treinados frente aos demais centros de pesquisas brasileiros. Wartchow F, Gibertoni T e Capelari M foram os autores destaque das publicações nesta temática. A tendência nos estudos foi evidenciada por um maior uso das palavras-chave: Agaricales, Basidiomycota, Brasil, fungi e mushroom. As lacunas no conhecimento estão nas regiões brasileiras nas quais os estudos micológicos ainda são incipientes. Os dados demonstram a necessidade de se ampliar os estudos da Funga brasileira, os quais contribuirão para a expansão do conhecimento sobre a riqueza, diversidade e potencial econômico das espécies.
Relação da obesidade com o agravamento da COVID-19
Authors: Silva Neto Jerônimo Gregório da , Braga Fernando Andrade , Moura Gisele Viana de , Cavalcante Sara Kaline Carvalho Carneiro , Oliveira Lucas Eduardo Alves de , Sousa Erica Fernanda Gomes de , Sousa Matheus de , Santos Mirelly Suenha de Araújo Costa , Oliveira Jordana Siriano , Honório Filho Silvio Marcos
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar através de uma revisão integrativa da literatura a relação da obesidade com o agravamento da COVID-19. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa. A busca dos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs por meio dos descritores nos idiomas português e inglês: “Obesidade”, “Agravamento”, " COVID-19", "Obesity", "Aggravation" and "COVID-19", unidos com o operador booleano “AND". O acesso às bases de dados foi realizado no período de dezembro de 2021. Foram encontrados 87 artigos e após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão restaram 7 artigos. Pacientes obesos podem ter complicações respiratórias e estão associados a um risco aumentado de diabetes, doenças cardiovasculares e renais. Além disso, a presença de hipertensão, dislipidemia e diabetes tipo 2 pode tornar os indivíduos suscetíveis a eventos cardiovasculares e aumentar a suscetibilidade a infecções. Conclui-se que a obesidade tem relação com agravamento da COVID-19, estando ligado com deficiências nos sistemas cardiovascular, respiratório, metabólico e trombótico e respostas imunes. Além disso, a presença de outras Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) pode aumentar a suscetibilidade a infecções.
O uso das tecnologias no desenvolvimento de crianças com o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA)
Authors: Nyland Joana Josiane Andreotti Oliveira Lima , Silva Fabio Jose Antonio da , Silva Rafael Soares , Santos Samuel Bruno dos , Queiroz Veruska Moreira de , Vieira Souza Lucio Marques , Viveiros Vanessa Vieira , Passos Ana Lucia de Oliveira , Silva Neto Antenor de Oliveira , Santos Darlan Tavares dos , Schütz Jenerton Arlan
Published: February 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar e refletir de que forma o uso das tecnologias facilitam metodologicamente no desenvolvimento cognitivo das crianças com o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), e qual a sua importância no desenvolvimento cognitivo e na aprendizagem. Procurou-se mostrar como a tecnologia auxilia e pode influenciar no processo de intervenções, estimulando as funções cognitivas destes sujeitos. Os resultados apontaram que a didática a ser usada para alunos com TEA demanda, acima de tudo, da implantação das tecnologias existentes por parte da escola para facilitar o ensino-aprendizagem de alunos com TEA. Nesse sentido, o uso de novas tecnologias é de grande valia, uma vez que faz a diferença na aquisição do conhecimento e de habilidades sociais, contribuindo de forma relevante para o desenvolvimento cognitivo e social.
STEREOSELECTIVITY IN THE REACTIONS OF PHENOLYSIS OF CYCLIC PHOSPHASENES UNDER CONDITIONS OF TRANSPHASE CATALYSIS
Authors: Shumeiko Aleksandr
Published: February 2022

The reactions of phenolysis of cyclophos­phazenes, leading to the formation of mono­aryl oxide derivatives with an excess of the substrate, were studied. The interest in this reaction is dictated by the practical value of the reaction products, which are easily formed under the conditions of transphase catalysis, and also by the fact that the studied regula­rities of phenolysis can extend to a significant spectrum of transphase nucleophilic substitution reactions. The general regularities of the transphase reaction of phosphazenes phenolysis were established by the example of the interaction of 4-nitrophenol with a phosphornitrile chloride trimer in a two-phase system. It was shown that the topology of the transphase chemical interaction is influenced by the same factors as the limiting stage, and therefore, by varying the ratio of lipophilicity and nucleophilicity of the transphase reagent, one can purposefully change the place of its interaction with the substrate. It was shown that the phenolysis of cyclotriphosphazenes occurs in the bulk of the organic phase or, alternatively, in the organic sublayer adjacent to the phase separation boundary. The presen­ted data suggested that the transphase reaction can be described in terms of a single mecha­nism, in contrast to the generally accepted division into extraction and phase transfer. Thus, the topology of the transphase chemical interaction is influenced by the same factors as the limiting stage, and therefore, by vary­ing the ratio of lipophilicity and nucleophili­city of transphase reagents, one can purpose­fully change the zone of their interaction with the substrate. In this case, the rate of the ho­mogeneous response and the hyd­rophilicity of the ionic agent must be ta­ken into account. The features of the transphase reaction des­cribed here can be extended to other catalysts, such as betaines, the analogs of which have been used in various reactions of a similar type.
Crannogs in the Clyde: Erskine and Old Kilpatrick
Authors: Hanson William S. , Crone Anne , Flint Jane , Mackie E.W.
Published: February 2022

Accounts are provided of the examination of two adjacent crannogs in the Clyde at Erskine and Old Kilpatrick. The first is based on the planning of the surface remains, a more detailed examination of some of the timbers and an assessment of the limited finds recovered; the second on collating the scattered antiquarian records of an ‘excavation’ undertaken in 1906 and a detailed examination of the surviving finds. The two sites are contextualised within current understanding of the chronology, character and function of estuarine crannogs in the western lowlands of Scotland
Civilization Machines: Value and Recognition on the Armenian Highland from the Bronze Age to Today
Authors: Smith Adam T.
Published: February 2022

This article provides a summary of the Dalrymple Lectures delivered November 18–21, 2019. It examines the troubled, and troubling, idea of ‘civilization’, charting a path toward rehabilitation not as a descriptive category but as an analytic concept. Returning to the term's 18thcentury origins, civilization here describes neither a state of being nor a set of personal qualities but an apparatus, a machine that generates recognition by setting the material terms for who is like and who is Other. It does so through the generation of at least three forms of value – metaphysical, epistemic, and ethical. By retheorizing civilization as a means instead of an ends, as an apparatus that generates the values at the heart of large-scale publics instead of an exclusionary monumental aesthetic, new analytic terrain is opened for a discredited term. The operation of civilization machines is interrogated through studies situated in the South Caucasus and Armenian Highland that extend from the Early Bronze Age to the present.
Singing a New Song: Christian Musical Literature for Chinese Women in the Republican Era
Authors: Zhou Yun
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on the songs circulated in the first Christian woman’s magazine in China, Nü duo (1912–1951). Its first editor, American missionary Laura M. White (1867–1937), played a crucial role in creating a wide range of music for Chinese girls through journalism. White used print media to circulate songs that were viewed as an integral part of the spiritual life of ideal womanhood. Unlike the hymnody confined to congregational worship, the music circulated through Nü duo aimed to promote a vocalised expression of Christian faith in everyday life. This spiritual life was interwoven with secular concerns about the nation, social issues and home life. An exploration of music literature published in Nü duo shows how Western music was translated into local language that aimed to reach female Christians in mission schools and at home. It provided an alternative to the dominant indigenous development of Protestant hymnody in the Republican era. It went beyond the foreign and local dichotomy with a concept of universal modern citizenship. Furthermore, it added a gendered perspective to Christian sacred music that was linked to the creation of a sense of a female fellowship.
No Rapunzel in This Ivory Tower: Finding Your Collective and Overcoming Academic Isolation
Authors: Cantwell Devon , Kirkland Siobhan , Lebovits Hannah , Osorio Maricruz , Rojas Natalie , Rubio Rosalie , Shugars Sarah , Torres Rachel , Winter Rachel
Published: February 2022

A common refrain among graduate students and academics is that graduate school can feel isolating. For those from historically marginalized populations, the colleagues who share the closest scholarly knowledge are unlikely to also share similar experiences of academic life. This chapter provides reflections from the authors on using social media to find, create, and maintain a community and examples of how we have leveraged our community to support personal and professional growth as graduate students. In addition, we offer institutional and individual level guidance regarding how to build communities in the political science discipline and why this intentional practice of community building provides short-term and long-term benefits to graduate students, departments, and the discipline as a whole. This manuscript is part of Strategies for Navigating Graduate School and Beyond, a forthcoming volume for those interested in pursuing graduate education in political science (Fall 2022 publication)
POTENCY OF THE CHININDO (CHINA, INDIA, AND INDONESIA) AS WORLD ECONOMY DYNAMISM AND ITS INFLUENCE TO REGIONAL ECONOMIC STABILITY
Authors: Mohamad Hery Saripudin Mansur Juned
Published: February 2022

In general, China, India and Indonesia (Chinindo) have great potential to lead economic growth in Asia and the world. It can be seen from high production growth rate of China and India and high production rate of input goods and energy sources from Indonesia. Moreover, the population of these three countries is very great and is able to make the three countries to maintain economic activities with the support of domestic demand. In other words, it reduces vulnerability to the shock of the world economy. The three countries also have ability to supply goods with relatively low prices and a factor that supports it is low costs of manpower. The research tries to explain how the potential of the three countries to be the moving motor of the world economy and to study the cooperation dynamics in the three countreis and their influence to economic stability in each region.
Label-Free Protein Analysis by Pyro-Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Vespini Veronica , Grilli Simonetta , Ferraro Pietro , Rega Romina , Ottevaere Heidi , Nie Yunfeng , Musto Pellegrino , Pannico Marianna
Published: February 2022

The pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet (p-jet) printing technology has been used for the fabrication of confined assemblies of gold nanoparticles with a round shape and a diameter ranging between 100 and 200 μm. The surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) performance of the p-jet substrate was evaluated by using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a reference. The results demonstrate that this kind of SERS substrate exhibits strong plasmonic effects and a significant reproducibility of the signal with a coefficient of variation below 15%. We tested the signal behavior also in case of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model analyte, to demonstrate the affinity with biomolecules. Strong SERS activity was measured also for BSA across the whole spot area. The spectral patterns collected in different locations of the sensing area were highly reproducible. This observation was substantiated by multivariate analysis of the imaging datasets and opens the route towards a potential application of this kind of SERS substrate in biosensing.
Modulation of Type I Interferon Responses to Influence Tumor-Immune Cross Talk in PDAC
Authors: Cattolico Carlotta , Bailey Peter , Barry Simon T.
Published: February 2022

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of many cancer types. However, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) exhibit poor responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors with immunotherapy-based trials not generating convincing clinical activity. PDAC tumors often have low infiltration of tumor CD8+T cells and a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment. These features classify PDAC as immunologically “cold.” However, the presence of tumor T cells is a favorable prognostic feature in PDAC. Intrinsic tumor cell properties govern interactions with the immune system. Alterations in tumor DNA such as genomic instability, high tumor mutation burden, and/or defects in DNA damage repair are associated with responses to both immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Cytotoxic or metabolic stress produced by radiation and/or chemotherapy can act as potent immune triggers and prime immune responses. Damage- or stress-mediated activation of nucleic acid-sensing pathways triggers type I interferon (IFN-I) responses that activate innate immune cells and natural killer cells, promote maturation of dendritic cells, and stimulate adaptive immunity. While PDAC exhibits intrinsic features that have the potential to engage immune cells, particularly following chemotherapy, these immune-sensing mechanisms are ineffective. Understanding where defects in innate immune triggers render the PDAC tumor–immune interface less effective, or how T-cell function is suppressed will help develop more effective treatments and harness the immune system for durable outcomes. This review will focus on the pivotal role played by IFN-I in promoting tumor cell–immune cell cross talk in PDAC. We will discuss how PDAC tumor cells bypass IFN-I signaling pathways and explore how these pathways can be co-opted or re-engaged to enhance the therapeutic outcome.
Aeromonas sobria Serine Protease Degrades Several Protein Components of Tight Junctions and Assists Bacterial Translocation Across the T84 Monolayer
Authors: Ueda Mitsunobu , Kobayashi Hidetomo , Seike Soshi , Takahashi Eizo , Okamoto Keinosuke , Yamanaka Hiroyasu
Published: February 2022

Aeromonas sobria is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes food-borne illness. In immunocompromised patients and the elderly, A. sobria opportunistically leads to severe extraintestinal diseases including sepsis, peritonitis, and meningitis. If A. sobria that infects the intestinal tract causes such an extraintestinal infection, the pathogen must pass through the intestinal epithelial barrier. In our earlier study using intestinal cultured cells (T84 cells), we observed that an A. sobria strain with higher A. sobria serine protease (ASP) production caused a marked level of bacterial translocation across the T84 intestinal epithelial monolayer. Herein, we investigated the effect of ASP on tight junctions (TJs) in T84 cells. We observed that ASP acts on TJs and causes the destruction of ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3, and claudin-7 (i.e., some of the protein components constituting TJs), especially in the strains with high ASP productivity. Based on the present results together with those of our earlier study, we propose that ASP may cause a disruption of the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium as a whole due to the destruction of TJs (in addition to the destruction of adherens junctions) and that ASP may assist invasion of the pathogens from the intestinal epithelium into deep sites in the human body.
Chagas Immunochromatographic Rapid Test in the Serological Diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Wild and Domestic Canids
Authors: Rodrigues Esthefany S. , Santos Gilbert Q. , Silva Marlon Vicente da , Barros Juliana H. S. , Bernardo Aline R. , Diniz Rafaela L. , Rubim Nara M. , Roque André L. R. , Jansen Ana Maria , Silva Edimilson D. , Xavier Samanta C. C.
Published: February 2022

Canis lupus familiaris (domestic dog) represents a reliable sentinel for the occurrence of a well-established transmission cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi among wild mammals in the surroundings and, consequently, where the risk of human infection exists. Serological diagnosis is the chosen method to identify T. cruzi infection in dogs that, in Brazil, rarely present positive parasitological tests. The use of recombinant chimeric parasitic antigens results in a sensitive and specific serological diagnostic test in contrast to the use of crude T. cruzi antigens. Our objective was to evaluate the Chagas/Bio-Manguinhos Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Rapid Test (Chagas-LFRT) for the diagnosis of T. cruzi infection in domestic dogs and the potential of application of this diagnostic platform to wild canid species. Two recombinant proteins (IBMP-8.1 and IBMP-8.4) that displayed the best performance in the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) in previous studies were tested in a platform with two diagnostic bands. A panel of 281 dog serum samples was evaluated: 133 positive for T. cruzi by serological diagnosis, including 20 samples with positive blood cultures belonging to different discrete typing units (DTUs); 129 negative samples; and 19 samples from dogs infected by other trypanosomatids: Leishmania infantum, Trypanosoma rangeli, Trypanosoma caninum and Crithidia mellificae, in addition to samples infected by Anaplasma platys, Dirofilaria immitis and Erlichia sp. that were employed to evaluate eventual cross-reactions. We also evaluated the Chagas-LFRT to detect T. cruzi infection in 9 serum samples from six wild canid species. We observed that the intensity pattern of the bands was directly proportional to the serological titer observed in IFAT. The sensitivity was 94%, the specificity was 91% according to the ROC curve, and the defined cutoff was an optical density of 4.8. The agreement obtained was considered substantial by the kappa analysis (84%). From T. cruzi positive hemoculture samples, 88.9% were positive by Chagas-LFRT. The test was efficient in recognizing infections by five of the six T. cruzi DTUs. Cross-reactions were not observed in infections by L. infantum, T. rangeli, T. caninum and D. immitis; however, they were observed in sera of dogs infected by Crithidia mellificae, Anaplasma sp. and Erlichia sp. A strong reaction was observed when serum samples from wild canids were submitted to the Protein A affinity test, confirming its applicability for these species. This test will allow rapid preventive actions in areas with high risk to the emergence of Chagas disease in a safer, reliable, low-cost and immediate manner, without the need for more complex laboratory tests.
A Continental Assessment of the Drivers of Tropical Deforestation With a Focus on Protected Areas
Authors: Fritz Steffen , Laso Bayas Juan Carlos , See Linda , Schepaschenko Dmitry , Hofhansl Florian , Jung Martin , Dürauer Martina , Georgieva Ivelina , Danylo Olga , Lesiv Myroslava , McCallum Ian
Published: February 2022

Deforestation contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions and must be reduced if the 1.5°C limit to global warming is to be realized. Protected areas represent one intervention for decreasing forest loss and aiding conservation efforts, yet there is intense human pressure on at least one-third of protected areas globally. There have been numerous studies addressing the extent and identifying drivers of deforestation at the local, regional, and global level. Yet few have focused on drivers of deforestation in protected areas in high thematic detail. Here we use a new crowdsourced data set on drivers of tropical forest loss for the period 2008–2019, which has been collected using the Geo-Wiki crowdsourcing application for visual interpretation of very high-resolution imagery by volunteers. Extending on the published data on tree cover and forest loss from the Global Forest Change initiative, we investigate the dominant drivers of deforestation in tropical protected areas situated within 30° north and south of the equator. We find the deforestation rate in protected areas to be lower than the continental average for the Latin Americas (3.4% in protected areas compared to 5.4%) and Africa (3.3% compared to 3.9%), but it exceeds that of unprotected land in Asia (8.5% compared to 8.1%). Consistent with findings from foregoing studies, we also find that pastures and other subsistence agriculture are the dominant deforestation driver in the Latin Americas, while forest management, oil palm, shifting cultivation and other subsistence agriculture dominate in Asia, and shifting cultivation and other subsistence agriculture is the main driver in Africa. However, we find contrasting results in relation to the degree of protection, which indicate that the rate of deforestation in Latin America and Africa in strictly protected areas might even exceed that of areas with no strict protection. This crucial finding highlights the need for further studies based on a bottom up crowdsourced, data collection approach, to investigate drivers of deforestation both inside and outside protected areas.
The Early Predictive Value of Circulating Monocytes and Eosinophils in Coronary DES Restenosis
Authors: Li Shumei , Qiu Hong , Lin Zhaorong , Fan Lin , Guo Yongzhe , Zhang Yujie , Chen Lianglong
Published: February 2022

Background

Monocytes and eosinophils are involved in intracoronary inflammatory responses, aggravating coronary artery plaque instability and in-stent restenosis (ISR).

Aims

To investigate an early prediction of ISR in patients undergoing stenting by circulating monocytes and eosinophils.

Methods

The single-center data of patients undergoing successful drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation from January 1, 2017 to April 30, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 4,392 patients assessed, 140 patients with restenosis and 141 patients without restenosis were enrolled. A scheduled postoperative follow-up was proceeded in four sessions: 0–3 months, 3–6 months, 6–12 months, and >12 months. The hematological and biochemical measurement was collected. The angiographic review was completed within two postoperative years.

Results

Significant associations of monocyte count and percentage with ISR were evident [odds ratio (OR): 1.44, 95% CI: 1.23–1.68, P < 0.001; OR: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.24–1.74, P < 0.001, respectively], which began at 3 months postoperatively and persisted throughout the follow-up period. Eosinophil count and percentage were associated with ISR (OR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.09–1.36, P = 0.001; OR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.07–1.40, P = 0.003, respectively), with ISR most significantly associated with the baseline eosinophils. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the cutoff points of monocyte count and percentage in the ISR prediction were 0.46× 109/L and 7.4%, respectively, and those of eosinophil count and percentage were 0.20 × 109/L and 2.5%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study, with a long-term follow-up, first provides evidence that the elevated monocytes at three postoperative months and baseline eosinophils may be strong early predictors of ISR after drug-eluting stent implantation. Persistent elevation of monocytes may also be a signal of ISR after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies a Novel Variant (c.1538T > C) of TNNI3K in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Xie Ting , Yang Yifeng , Gong Ke , Luo Yong , Guo Hui , Liu Ruilin , Wang Lei , Tan Zhiping , Luo Jinwen , Xie Li
Published: February 2022

Backgrounds

Arrhythmic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a cardiomyopathy with a genetic predisposition that can lead to a sudden cardiac death and heart failure. According to the 2010 Task Force Criteria, genetic diagnosis is one of the most important methods, but, so far, only a few genes related to ARVC have been identified.

Methods

In this study, the pathogenic gene of a patient with ARVC was examined using whole-exome sequencing. The plasmids of TNNI3K were constructed, and the effects of the TNNI3K variant was investigated by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot.

Results

A novel variant (c.1538T > C) of TNNI3K was identified, with phenotypes of dominant right ventricular (RV) disease preliminarily fulfilling the diagnosis of ARVC. A comprehensive assessment revealed that the variant was pathogenic. We found that this variant would lead to a decrease in the level of TNNI3K mRNA and protein, as well as a decrease in the expression of the RYR2 gene, which further proves that TNNI3K plays an important role in cardiomyopathy and expands the spectrum of the TNNI3K variants.

Conclusion

In this study, we reported a TNNI3K variant in ARVC for the first time, and the results not only contribute to the diagnosis of ARVC, but also provide a reference for genetic counseling and promote the understanding of the genetic mechanism of cardiomyopathy.