bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determining what represents value in the treatment of prurigo nodularis and its key unmet needs in Spain through Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis
Authors: Silvestre Juan Francisco , Tribó M. J. , Armario‐Hita José C. , Calleja‐Hernández Miguel Ángel , Ortiz‐Frutos Francisco Javier , Poveda José Luis , Shepherd John , Serra‐Baldrich Esther
Published: October 2023

Background

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic, debilitating dermatologic disease characterised by the presence of highly pruritic nodular lesions. PN highly impacts on patients' quality of life as there are no specific treatments available in Spain.

Objectives

Determine the main value drivers in the treatment of PN in Spain and its main unmet needs using Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA).

Methods

Literature review to synthesise relevant evidence in an evidence matrix based on the MCDA EVIDEM framework adapted to Spain. A multidisciplinary panel composed of dermatologists, hospital pharmacists and a patient weighted (5‐point scale; 0 minimum importance, 5 maximum importance) and scored each criterion included in the framework (from −5 to 5 or 0 to 5 depending on the criterion). Results were discussed in a reflective group session.

Results

PN was considered a severe (3.3 ± 0.7) and infrequent (2.0 ± 0.7) disease, with high unmet needs (4.2 ± 0.7) mainly due to the lack of available treatments with specific indication for PN. Current off‐label treatments were perceived to have limited efficacy/effectiveness (1.8 ± 1.1), an unfavourable long‐term safety profile (2.1 ± 0.9) and low therapeutic impact (1.7 ± 1.1). The measure of patient‐reported outcomes (2.7 ± 0.9) was perceived as important, but available tools are not specific. Although the cost of available treatments was not considered high (2.4 ± 1.5), experts agreed that PN is associated with moderately high other medical costs (3.6 ± 1.1) and indirect costs (3.1 ± 0.9). Experts considered that current guidelines and consensus (2.6 ± 0.7) are not clear on severity criteria and treatment algorithm. The quality of evidence (1.4 ± 0.5) of currently used off‐label treatments was perceived as low due to a lack of published clinical trials.

Conclusions

PN was considered a severe disease associated with relevant unmet needs, including the lack of specific and effective treatments for PN, the lack of consensus on the disease definition, defined severity criteria, prevalence estimations and awareness of PN in Spain.
Reaching High Piezoelectric Performance with Rotating Directional‐Field‐Aligned PVDF–MoS2 Piezo‐Polymer Applicable for Large‐Area Flexible Electronics
Authors: Srivastava Mayuri , Kumar Sushil , Yousuf Mujeeb , Kumar Bipin , Singh Pushpapraj , Wazed Ali Syed
Published: October 2023

Wearable electronics and smart harvesting textile studies require a material system that resists physical stimulation. Such applications require receptive piezo‐polymers, and their activation‐free preparation that can translate into a continuous large‐area film. In this work, it is discussed whether the β‐content of piezo‐polymer is extended with no use of any activation (i.e. poling), and if the β‐content increases, it can be processed over a wide range of surfaces like large‐area piezo‐film. Such prerequisites within polyvinylidene fluoride‐molybdenum disulfide ((PVDF)–MoS2) piezo‐polymer are thoroughly experimented here to develop a high‐performance piezo‐film. A MoS2‐mediated PVDF piezo‐polymer (termed as P+‐MoS2) is introduced, in which no extra β‐enhancement activation step is required after spin coating. Experimental results record β ≧ 80% which allows to harvest the voltage and current in the level of ≈17 V and 1 µA, respectively which satisfies 5 V supply voltage requirement of the current microelectronics, and internet of things (IoT). In addition, the capacitors having different capacities are charged using the developed nanogenerator to check its practical applicability. Therefore, the transition process of P‐MoS2 to aligned P+‐MoS2 due to passive interlocking (PiL) through rotating directional field is novel and found to be a principal reason for β‐enhancement in fabricated devices.
A three‐dimensional Magnetic Resonance Spin Tomography in Time‐domain protocol for high‐resolution multiparametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Liu Hongyan , van der Heide Oscar , Versteeg Edwin , Froeling Martijn , Fuderer Miha , Xu Fei , van den Berg Cornelis A. T. , Sbrizzi Alessandro
Published: October 2023

Magnetic Resonance Spin TomogrAphy in Time‐domain (MR‐STAT) is a multiparametric quantitative MR framework, which allows for simultaneously acquiring quantitative tissue parameters such as T1, T2, and proton density from one single short scan. A typical two‐dimensional (2D) MR‐STAT acquisition uses a gradient‐spoiled, gradient‐echo sequence with a slowly varying RF flip‐angle train and Cartesian readouts, and the quantitative tissue maps are reconstructed by an iterative, model‐based optimization algorithm. In this work, we design a three‐dimensional (3D) MR‐STAT framework based on previous 2D work, in order to achieve better image signal‐to‐noise ratio, higher though‐plane resolution, and better tissue characterization. Specifically, we design a 7‐min, high‐resolution 3D MR‐STAT sequence, and the corresponding two‐step reconstruction algorithm for the large‐scale dataset. To reduce the long acquisition time, Cartesian undersampling strategies such as SENSE are adopted in our transient‐state quantitative framework. To reduce the computational burden, a data‐splitting scheme is designed for decoupling the 3D reconstruction problem into independent 2D reconstructions. The proposed 3D framework is validated by numerical simulations, phantom experiments, and in vivo experiments. High‐quality knee quantitative maps with 0.8 × 0.8 × 1.5 mm3 resolution and bilateral lower leg maps with 1.6 mm isotropic resolution can be acquired using the proposed 7‐min acquisition sequence and the 3‐min‐per‐slice decoupled reconstruction algorithm. The proposed 3D MR‐STAT framework could have wide clinical applications in the future.
Pronounced hyperostosis frontalis interna and co‐occurring lesions in the skull base suggestive of a pituitary tumor in a woman from medieval Germany
Authors: Flohr Stefan , Witzel Carsten , Kierdorf Uwe
Published: October 2023

Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is an osseous overgrowth characterized by symmetrical, irregular bone apposition on the internal table of the frontal bone, which preferentially occurs in females. In 1719, Morgagni described the condition as one sign of a triad comprising HFI, hirsutism, and obesity (Morgagni's syndrome). The etiopathogenesis of HFI is largely unresolved, but the condition is frequently associated with metabolic, endocrine, and neuropsychiatric disorders. In archaeological cases, which rely solely on dry bone diagnosis, the cause of HFI generally remains unknown, as is also the case regarding accompanying signs and symptoms. Here, we report a case of pronounced HFI in the skeleton of an old‐adult woman from medieval Hildesheim dating to the 8th to 11th century CE. In addition to HFI, the cranium exhibits resorptive lesions of the sella turcica with dehiscence of the roof of the sphenoid sinus. The co‐occurrence of these lesions suggests an underlying common cause for them. On the basis of differential diagnosis, we consider a functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) as the most likely common cause for the two conditions.
Toddler dietary patterns from the INSIGHT randomized clinical trial comparing responsive parenting versus control: A latent class analysis
Authors: Hernandez Erika , Hohman Emily E. , Ferrante Mackenzie J. , Anzman‐Frasca Stephanie , Paul Ian M. , Savage Jennifer S.
Published: October 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a responsive parenting (RP) intervention on toddler diet and explore associations with mothers' infant feeding practices and child weight status.

Methods

INSIGHT tested an RP intervention designed for the prevention of obesity against a safety control among primiparous mothers and their infants. Mothers reported on feeding practices, as well as toddler diet with a Food Frequency Questionnaire (n = 229). Trained research staff obtained child anthropometrics at age 2 years.

Results

Latent class analysis identified three dietary patterns: high fruits and vegetables (HFV, 31%); meat, potatoes, and added sugars (MPAS, 24%); and high juice, low fruits and vegetables (JLFV, 45%). Toddler dietary pattern was not related to study group (RP, control) or child weight status at age 2 years. Mothers who reported more structure‐based feeding had toddlers that were more likely to have the healthier, HFV dietary pattern than MPAS and JLFV. Findings for control‐based feeding practices were mixed; maternal restriction was associated with the HFV dietary pattern, whereas the use of food as a reward was associated with MPAS and JLFV.

Conclusions

Mothers' structure‐based feeding practices in infancy, as well as some control‐based feeding practices, were associated with later healthier toddler dietary patterns.
Busulfan and subsequent malignancy: An evidence‐based risk assessment
Authors: Long‐Boyle Janel R. , Kohn Donald B. , Shah Ami J. , Spencer Sueli Marques , Sevilla Julian , Booth Claire , López Lorenzo José Luis , Nicoletti Eileen , Shah Arpita , Reatz Meredith , Matos Joana , Schwartz Jonathan D.
Published: October 2023

Background

The incidence of secondary malignancies associated with busulfan exposure is considered low, but has been poorly characterized. Because this alkylating agent is increasingly utilized as conditioning prior to gene therapy in nonmalignant hematologic and related disorders, more precise characterization of busulfan's potential contribution to subsequent malignant risk is warranted.

Procedure

We conducted a literature‐based assessment of busulfan and subsequent late effects, with emphasis on secondary malignancies, identifying publications via PubMed searches, and selecting those reporting at least 3 years of follow‐up.

Results

We identified eight pediatric and 13 adult publications describing long‐term follow‐up in 570 pediatric and 2076 adult hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Secondary malignancies were reported in 0.5% of pediatric HCT recipients, with no cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). Fatal secondary malignancies were reported in 0.8% of 1887 evaluable adult HCT recipients, and an overall incidence of secondary malignancies of 4.8% was reported in a subset of 389 evaluable adult patients. We also reviewed long‐term results from eight publications evaluating lentiviral‐ and human promotor‐based HSC‐targeted gene therapy in 215 patients with nonmalignant conditions, in which busulfan/treosulfan monotherapy or busulfan/fludarabine was the only conditioning. Two malignancies were reported in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), one of which was potentially busulfan‐related. No additional malignancies were reported in 173 patients with follow‐up of 5–12 years.

Conclusion

The incidence of busulfan‐related secondary malignancies is low, and likely to be substantially less than 1% in pediatric transplant recipients, especially those receiving busulfan monotherapy for nonmalignant conditions other than SCD.
Role of the inter‐ply microstructure in the consolidation quality of high‐performance thermoplastic composites
Authors: Arquier R. , Sabatier H. , Iliopoulos I. , Régnier G. , Miquelard‐Garnier G.
Published: October 2023

Consolidation of Carbon Fiber (CF)/high‐performance thermoplastic composites is much less understood than the one of their thermoset counterparts. It is usually assumed that the consolidation quality is directly linked to the removal of voids within the sample during consolidation, leading to mechanical properties suitable for aerospace applications. A systematic study of the temporal evolution of CF/polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) samples' microstructure consolidated under low pressure in a rheometer is related to the increase in inter‐laminar shear strength. The results show that despite similar void contents well‐below 1 vol%, samples can present significant differences in ILSS values, from 80 to 95 MPa for cross‐ply samples, and from 98 to 112 MPa for unidirectional (UD) ones. A microstructural analysis shows that, for these materials, consolidation quality is rather related to a reorganization of the inter‐ply, a resin‐rich (~70 vol%) region of typical thickness 10 μm which is slowly repopulated in fibers during consolidation.

Highlights

Microstructure of CF/PEKK composites is characterized over consolidation time

Contrary to thermosets void content cannot be used to predict mechanical properties

ILSS increase over consolidation time is related to inter‐ply reorganization

Inter‐ply microstructure and ILSS have a direct correlation

The repopulation in fibers of the resin‐rich inter‐ply is a slow process
Effect of early postoperative enteral nutrition on the short‐term prognosis in neonatal gastric perforation
Authors: Zhu Ting , Liu Yu , Wei Huan , Tang Shuo , Li Xiaowen , Cui Mengying , Shi Yuan , Wang Zheng‐Li
Published: October 2023

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition on the short‐term prognosis of neonatal gastric perforation. The 63 neonates were divided into two groups based on enteral nutrition timing: the early enteral nutrition (EEN) group (≤15 days) and the late enteral nutrition (LEN) group (>15 days). The EEN group was additionally matched with the LEN1 group based on closely aligned gestational age (difference ≤6 days), birth weight (difference <250 g), and age of onset (<1 day). Data from the EEN, LEN, and LEN1 groups were compared and analyzed. No significant differences were observed among the groups in baseline characteristics such as gestational age, birth weight, age at hospital admission, cesarean section rate, and so on (p > 0.05). Furthermore, preoperative comorbidities, clinical symptoms, and examination results were not significantly different between the three groups (p > 0.05). However, the time required to achieve total enteral nutrition, the length of hospital stay, and fistula retention time were significantly less in the EEN group compared to the LEN groups (p < 0.05). The EEN group also exhibited a shorter gastrointestinal decompression time than the LEN1 group, but other major postoperative outcome measures were not significantly different. In conclusion, our study suggests that early postoperative enteral nutrition (≤15 days) could reduce the time to total enteral nutrition, length of hospital stay, and fistula retention time, without increasing adverse prognosis rates.
Cluster Gauss‐Newton method for a quick approximation of profile likelihood: With application to physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic models
Authors: Aoki Yasunori , Sugiyama Yuichi
Published: October 2023

Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models can be challenging to work with because they can have too many parameters to identify from observable data. The profile likelihood method can help solve this issue by determining parameter identifiability and confidence intervals, but it involves repetitive parameter optimizations that can be time‐consuming. The Cluster Gauss‐Newton method (CGNM) is a parameter estimation method that efficiently searches through a wide range of parameter space. In this study, we propose a method that approximates the profile likelihood by reusing intermediate computation results from CGNM, allowing us to obtain the upper bounds of the profile likelihood without conducting additional model evaluation. This method allows us to quickly draw approximate profile likelihoods for all unknown parameters. Additionally, the same approach can be used to draw two‐dimensional profile likelihoods for all parameter combinations within seconds. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method on three PBPK models.
Investigation of Rod‐Shaped Single‐Graphene Quantum Dot
Authors: Levy-Falk Hugo , Capelle Océane , Liu Thomas , Medina-Lopez Daniel , Deleporte Emmanuelle , Campidelli Stéphane , Rondin Loïc , Lauret Jean-Sébastien
Published: October 2023

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in graphene quantum dots (i.e., large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in particular due to their interesting properties as single‐quantum emitters. Herein, a thorough study of a graphene quantum dot made of 96 carbon atoms in a D2h symmetry is reported. In particular, experiments at the single‐molecule level reveal that this graphene quantum dot structure is a bright and photostable single‐photon emitter at room temperature. Finally, a statistical study of the emission wavelength as a function of the graphene quantum dot concentration highlights the high purity and degree of control on the samples.
The Raman spectrum and the molecular structure of phosphorus trioxydisulphide P4O6S4
Authors: Gerding H. , van Brederode H.
Published: October 2023

The preparation and purification in a vacuum of phosphorus trioxydisulphide is described. The Raman spectrum of the molten substance in an evacuated tube at 130° was determined, and polarization measurements were effected for the Raman lines also. At 130° ‐ accelerated by the light ‐ a separating out of solid particles is observed. It is pointed out that polymerization into linear and chain branched polymers takes place, a supposition that is also confirmed by other still unpublished results.

The Raman spectrum of the liquid contains a number of lines which are practically completely polarized, which proves that in the liquid scattering particles of cubical symmetry are present, in all probability molecules of P4O6S4. The number of strongly polarized Raman lines is definitely too high for each cubical compound. An explanation of this fact may be given by keeping in mind that polymerization as well as depolymerization phenomena take place in the liquid, so that cubic molecules of P4O6S4 with oxygen and sulphur interchanged and different kinds of linear polymers etc. may occur. The appearance in the Raman spectrum of a strongly polarized Raman line with Δ 1396 cm−1, proves the presence in the liquid of scattering single molecules of composition P4O6S4 with an oxygen atom attached by a double bond to an atom of phosphorus.

The Raman spectrum of the solid shows a general agreement with that of the liquid (with the weakest lines of the latter spectrum being absent in that of the solid), proving that solid P4O6S4 for the greater part consists of normal molecules of P4O6S4.
Know how to manage strategic planning in a time of change
Authors: Felix Elliot
Published: October 2023

Colleges and universities are reckoning with change: Online and hybrid learning. Remote work. Racial justice. Financial uncertainty. New technologies to create and connect. Rising isolation, anxiety, and depression. Demographic shifts. Faculty and staff turnover.
Did court dismiss student's Title IX deliberate indifference claim?
Authors: Lyerly Eric
Published: October 2023

Marshall University student Jane Roe reported to the local police department that she had been sexually assaulted by a male student, John Doe. The assault took place while Roe and Doe were watching a university football game at an off‐campus apartment. The police department arrested and charged John Doe.
Benzylidine‐N‐phenylhydrazine‐1‐carboxamide Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Design, Preparation, Molecular Docking, and Biological Activity
Authors: Hamedifar Halleh , Karimian Somaye , Kabiri Maryam , Bagheri Azam , Zarei Mina , Moazzam Ali , Mahdavi Mohammad , Sepehri Nima , Khoshneviszadeh Mehdi
Published: October 2023

Ten novel benzylidine‐N‐phenylhydrazine‐1‐carboxamide derivatives (7 a–7 j) were synthesized in three steps and evaluated for their tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. The spectrophotometric method with L–DOPA as a substrate was used to determine tyrosinase inhibitory activities, and a DPPH assay was used to evaluate antioxidant properties. Among the synthesized compounds, compound 7 c with an ethyl substitution on the C2‐N‐phenylacetamide ring showed the highest tyrosinase‐inhibition activity (IC50=4.36±1.58 μM), which was comparable with that of standard kojic acid (IC50=16.34±1.93 μM). Compounds (7 d) and (7 e) showed potent antioxidant activities (EC50=52.11±4.18 and 92.47±3.32 μM, respectively), which were comparable to those of quercetin. The study of the interactions and binding modes of the tested compounds was accomplished with molecular docking. Docking results corroborated that the active inhibitors were well placed in the mushroom tyrosinase enzyme‘s active site.
Efficient Four‐Component Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidines and Their In Vitro Antiproliferative Studies
Authors: Venkatesham Papisetti , Kalonia Mansi , Sangolkar Akanksha Ashok , Mudiraj Anwita , Babu Phanithi Prakash , Vedula Rajeswar Rao
Published: October 2023

Triazolopyrimidines are emerging as potential anticancer agents. Herein, we report a novel one‐pot four component synthesis of 2‐((2‐oxo‐2‐phenylethyl/benzyl)thio)‐10‐phenyl‐4,10‐dihydro‐9H‐indeno[1,2‐d][1,2,4]‐Triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐9‐ones by the reaction of 1,3‐indanedione, aromatic aldehyde, 5‐amino‐4H‐1,2,4‐Triazol‐3‐thiol and phenacyl bromide in acetic acid with piperidine as catalyst at 90 °C for 13 hours. All the final compounds were identified on the basis of their FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their cell growth inhibition potential using MTT and wound healing assay, 13 compounds induced concentration dependent inhibition with IC50 below 10 μM against breast cancer cell lines (MCF‐7). Further, the molecular docking simulation were carried out for all the derivatives, amongst these thio phenacyl, 2,4‐dichlorophenyl 9H‐indeno [1,2,4]‐Triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐9‐one (5 g) shows good binding interaction with amino acid residues. This is further confirmed by wound healing assay which shows that 5 g inhibits cell migration at increasing concentrations.
Developing a prognostic model for stress reduction in patients with prolonged work‐related stress
Authors: Jensen Johan Høy , Rugulies Reiner , Flachs Esben Meulengracht , Petersen Kajsa Ugelvig , Ross Lone , Eller Nanna Hurwitz , Khoury Bassam
Published: October 2023

Mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) is a 9‐session group‐treatment programme for managing stress. Research suggests variability in the outcomes of MBSR among participants. This prognostic (not causal) study develops a multivariable model that may support clinicians in forecasting expected MBSR outcomes. We used data of 763 patients collected from MBSR programs conducted between October 2015 and March 2022. Candidate prognostic factors at baseline included psychosocial work environment, sociodemographic, and clinical information. Multiple imputation was used to handle missing data (imputations = 200). Important prognostic factors were backward selected in ≥5% of the imputed datasets. The final prediction model including the selected prognostic factors was evaluated using linear regression with a four‐fold internal cross‐validation procedure. Reductions in perceived stress from baseline to end of the MBSR programme were predicted by a lower General Severity Index (β = 2.00, p < 0.01), higher baseline levels of stress (β = −0.88, p < 0.01), and somewhat by having managerial responsibility in the latest job (vs. no; β = −2.53, p = 0.07). The remaining prognostic factors were weaker predictors, for example, gender and income. Internal validity of the final model was indicated by consistent results from four randomly folded subsamples. This study developed a prognostic model predicting changes in stress levels in relation to the MBSR programme. A reduction in stress level was particularly predicted by milder psychological symptoms and higher baseline levels of perceived stress. These predictions cannot be taken as evidence of causal associations. Forecasting of the illness course should be cautiously practiced using clinical judgement regarding individual patients.
Water quality monitoring and assessment in coastal lagoons: Developing a protocol using a case study in Sainthamaruthu lagoon, Sri Lanka
Authors: Begum Sulaima Lebbe Rasmiya , Weragoda Sujithra Kaushaliya , Mowjood Mohamed Ismail Mohammed
Published: October 2023

Sustainable water resources management requires monitoring and assessment of water quality in addition to quantity. Coastal lagoons play a critical role for the people and the ecosystem at large. Water quality monitoring and assessment for lagoons in Sri Lanka is important considering its services to the country. However, due to a lack of resources, most of the lagoons are not monitored and reported properly for further action. This study aims to develop a protocol in terms of monitoring sites, parameters, and frequency for water quality monitoring using a case study in a coastal lagoon, in Sainthamaruthu, Sri Lanka. The physicochemical parameters were measured weekly at eighteen monitoring sites for 4 months during the dry season from June to September 2022. Cluster analysis (CA) along with Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique revealed that a minimum of three sites out of 18 are sufficient for monitoring water quality in the lagoon. In light of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA), it was decided to retain temperature, pH, turbidity, Total Dissolved solids (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in monitoring programs, since they cumulatively account for 79% of the variation in water quality in the lagoon spatially and temporally. Monitoring turbidity, TDS, and EC at weekly interval, while monitoring temperature, pH, and DO at biweekly or monthly is recommended. A further indication of the lagoon's water quality is that the mean values for turbidity (27 NTU), EC (754 μS/cm), and DO (4.6 ppm) higher than ambient standards, while TDS (344 ppm) and pH (6.98) are within. Therefore, we conclude that the lagoon requires remediation measures to be suitable for environmental purposes during dry periods.
Multi‐attribute decision‐making: Use of scoring methods to choose the best form of dietary fat supplement in pregnant Saanen goats
Authors: Javaheri Barfourooshi Hoda , Sadeghipanah Hassan , Asadzadeh Nader , Hosseini Seyed Abdullah , Alizadeh‐Ghamsari Amir Hossein
Published: October 2023

Background

Nutritional manipulation with functional nutrients like polyunsaturated fatty acids can boost milk production efficiency in dairy farming. It is important to consider the animal's physiological periods, especially the second half of the first pregnancy for mammary gland development.

Objectives

By considering multiple factors and comparing them, multi‐attribute decision‐making (MADM) can be utilized to conduct further assessments and select the best diet for the animals.

Methods

Forty primiparous Saanen does, from the last 2 months of pregnancy up to 4 months of lactation, have been assigned to four iso‐energetic and iso‐nitrogenous diets. Four dietary groups included: no external sources of fat (negative control, CT), saturated palm oil (positive control), roasted soybeans (omega‐6, SB) and extruded flaxseed (omega‐3, FS). Twenty‐two performance criteria such as feed intake, milk yield and composition, body weight, blood metabolites and hormones, the milk fatty acid profile, as well as morphological and histological measurements of the mammary gland, in the form of least‐square means, were considered.

Results

A decision‐making tool was used to select the best form of fat supplements in late pregnancy and early lactation diets, to improve lactation performance in Saanen goats. For this purpose, a MADM method was applied to determine the order of preference similarity to the ideal solution. According to the score of this method, the FS group had the highest coefficients (0.689), and the CT group had the lowest coefficients (0.281).

Conclusions

Incorporating flaxseed into the diets of Saanen goats during late pregnancy and early lactation is a valuable strategy for enhancing milk performance. This supplement is recommended as a source of fat. Additionally, the implementation of decision‐making tools, such as the MADM method in animal science, can significantly improve management decision‐making processes by reducing both time and cost. This presents a new avenue for making well‐informed decisions.
Moments of multiplicity distributions for KNO scaling study using the ATLAS results
Authors: Kulchitsky Yuri A. , Tsiareshka Pavel
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The normalised order-q moments of primarily charged-particle multiplicity distributions are studied for KNO scaling investigation in pp collisions as deduced from the results of the ATLAS at the LHC. The normalised moments for the LHC and low-energy experiments are compared for the kinematic region with an absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.5. The normalised moments show a increases linearly with centre-of-mass energies, and therefore the KNO scaling is violated for the full-scaled multiplicity region. The normalised moments for scaled multiplicity greater than one average multiplicity are constant for the highest centre-of-mass energies, and therefore the KNO scaling is concluded to hold.
Anwendung der Videosprechstunde in der kardiovaskulären Lipidbehandlung
Authors: Schuch A. , Walther P. , Timm L. , Steinbach K. , Haneklaus L. , Münzel T. , Prochaska J. H. , Wild P. S.
Published: October 2023

Hintergrund

Die Videosprechstunde ist eine Möglichkeit der ortsunabhängigen Arzt-Patienten-Kommunikation. Bei Möglichkeit der alleinigen Anwendung seit 2018 liegen jedoch nur eingeschränkte Informationen vor.

Methoden

Nach Einführung der Videosprechstunde (Viomedi) in der Lipidsprechstunde der Universitätsmedizin Mainz wurden die Patienten im Q1-2022 nach Möglichkeit, Eignung und Bereitschaft zur Durchführung bewertet. Hierbei wurden Lipidpatienten und Long-COVID-Patienten eingeschlossen. Nach Behandlung wurde eine Onlinebefragung zu Nutzung und Einschätzung durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse

29,1 % der 134 Patienten wurden eingeschlossen behandelt (3 Ablehnungen). Alle Probanden (16 Antworten) berichteten, (sehr) gut zurechtgekommen zu sein. Vorteile wurden in Beratung und Nachbeobachtung gesehen. Probleme wurden hinsichtlich Technik und möglicher Störungen befürchtet. Datenschutzaspekte spielten eine untergeordnete Rolle. Im Vergleich mit dem Telefonat wurde eine signifikante Verbesserung für das Arzt-Patienten-Verhältnis (p-Wert = 0,00027), die Behandlungs- und Informationsqualität (p-Wert jeweils = 0,00044), den Versorgungszugang (p-Wert = 0,0053) und die Kommunikation (p-Wert = 0,021) angenommen. Im Vergleich mit dem persönlichen Kontakt wurde eine Verbesserung des Versorgungszugangs (p-Wert = 0,021) und der Informationsqualität gesehen (p-Wert = 0,034). Als Hauptprobleme wurden fehlende Erfahrungen, technische Anforderungen, technische Probleme und fehlende Pünktlichkeit der Behandler angeführt. Gelobt wurden Flexibilität, geringer Aufwand und die angenehme Konsultation. Alle Probanden wollten die Videosprechstunde weiterhin nutzen.

Fazit

Die Videosprechstunde kann eine Ergänzung der Versorgung von Lipidpatienten darstellen. Die korrekte Nutzung erfordert eine exakte Planung und weitere Forschung.
Tipps und Tricks für die Zemententfernung im Revisionsfall
Authors: Meier Marc-Pascal , Hawellek Thelonius , Lehmann Wolfgang , von Lewinski Gabriela
Published: October 2023

Hintergrund

Aktuelle Re-Revisionsraten nach endoprothetischem Gelenkersatz liegen in Deutschland bei 28–37 %. Insbesondere verbliebende Zementreste sind für erneute Revisionseingriffen nach Sanierungsoperationen bei periprothetischen Infektionen ursächlich, weswegen die vollständige Zemententfernung von großer Bedeutung ist. Die Entfernung letzter Zementreste stellt den Operateur jedoch häufig vor technische Herausforderungen. Eine komplikationslose und vollständige Zemententfernung bedarf einer umfangreichen präoperativen Vorbereitung, um die bestmögliche Operationsstrategie zu entwickeln.

Therapie

Von verschiedenen Herstellern werden Spezialinstrumente angeboten, die die Zemententfernung im Revisionsfall erleichtern. Neben endoluminalen Zugängen existieren Zugangserweiterungen wie zusätzliche Osteotomien, welche die vollständige Zemententfernung erleichtern. Nicht zuletzt sollte der Operateur in der Lage sein, nach einem definierten Zeitintervall die Indikation zum intraoperativen Vorgehenswechsel zu stellen.
Intracardiac migration of distal catheter—a rare complication of VP shunt insertion: case report and literature review
Authors: Hobbs Ella , Thompson Dominic N. P. , Muthialu Nagarajan , Silva Adikarige Haritha Dulanka
Published: October 2023

Intracardiac migration is a rare complication of ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion. Only 15 cases have been reported, 7 of which were paediatric cases, treated with techniques including interventional radiography, open thoracotomies and direct extraction through the initial shunt incision. The authors report the youngest case of intracardiac shunt migration complicated by significant coiling and knotting within the cardiac chambers and pulmonary vasculature. Migration likely began when the SVC was pierced during initial shunt placement and progressed due to negative intrathoracic pressure. Extrusion was achieved combining thoracoscopic endoscopy, interventional fluoroscopy screening and a posterolateral neck incision with uncoiling of the shunt via a Seldinger guide wire. This offered a minimally invasive solution with rapid post-operative recovery.
The impact of sustentaculum tali fracture on clinical outcome in patients affected by isolated calcaneal fractures
Authors: Sani Giacomo , Giabbani Niccolò , Zanna Luigi , Buzzi Roberto , Pio Angelica Sofia , Rastrelli Vieri , Nardi Cosimo
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The sustentaculum tali is displaced in almost half of calcaneal fractures and during surgical fixation represents one of the main reference points upon which the other bone has to be reduced. The purpose of this study was to investigate which subtalar joint fracture pattern is more frequently associated with sustentaculum tali involvement. Furthermore, correlation between postoperative clinical outcome and sustentaculum tali integrity was performed.

Material and methods

Patients with isolated calcaneal fractures were analyzed. Sanders-type fracture and involvement of both sustentaculum tali and calcaneocuboid joint were detected on computed tomography imaging; postoperative AOFAS scores were analyzed according to sustentacular involvement.

Results

Fifty calcaneus fractures in 47 patients were included in the final analysis. The sustentaculum tali was fractured in 18 cases (36.0%), thus contradicting its supposed constant position. Sanders type 3 and 4 fractures were more frequently associated with fractured sustentaculum than type 2 (p = 0.012). Sanders type 4 fractures were associated with displaced sustentacular fragment significantly more than type 2 and 3 (p = 0.043). Patients with intact sustentaculum tali reported significantly higher (p < 0.001) mean AOFAS scores than the uninjured group (84.4 ± 9.1 and 74.3 ± 9.5, respectively).

Conclusion

Sanders type 3 and 4 fractures were more frequently associated with sustentaculum tali and/or calcaneocuboid joint involvement than simpler fractures. Injury of sustentaculum tali was related to significant worse postoperative clinical outcomes, underlying the relevance of this fragment on clinical course.
Developing a bioactive glass coated dental floss: antibacterial and mechanical evaluations
Authors: Simila Hazel O. , Beltrán Ana M. , Boccaccini Aldo R.
Published: October 2023

In the present study, we investigated commercial dental floss coated with chitosan or chitosan + mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) in order to determine the antimicrobial and mechanical properties of the newly fabricated flosses. Whereas these coatings showed notable ability to inhibit growth of both Gram (+) and Gram (−) bacteria after 24 h, the impact was negligible at 3 h. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the floss was improved by the addition of these layers, making it more durable and effective for cleaning between teeth. We therefore propose enhanced investigations of these composites since they demonstrate enormous potential in promoting oral health.

Graphical Abstract
Upholding “the educational” in education: Schooling beyond learning and the market
Authors: Tarc Paul , Mishra Tarc Aparna , Di Paolantonio Mario
Published: October 2023

This article argues that schooling’s driving purpose should be to educate. Given heightening global crises and the potential of education to respond, we agree with the spirit and focus of UNESCO’s (2021) A new social contract for education intervention. Education/schooling should be motivated by progressive, critical visions to contribute to more sustainable and just human and planetary futures. Embodied-affective-cognitive technologically-mediated processes of becoming educated, however, are not a force that can smash injustice or ecologically destructive capitalism. Educationally speaking, there is no shortcut to cultivating students as “change agents” for sustainable futures. Hannah Arendt’s essay “The crisis in education” (2006) is instructive in clarifying the function of schooling and in categorically distinguishing adults from children, education from politics, and education from learning. While human learning proliferates in multiple ways independent of existential/ethical mooring, education ultimately requires committed adults spending time with, and socioemotionally and intellectually supporting, children to deepen their understanding of the world and others, giving meaning and significance to their/our lives as part of larger collectives called upon to sustain and renew a common world.
Aktuelle Methoden in der antibakteriellen Naturstoffforschung
Authors: Brötz-Oesterhelt Heike , Hughes Chambers , Sass Peter , Stegmann Evi , Ziemert Nadine
Published: October 2023

Antibacterial natural products with novel chemical structures and unprecedented mechanisms of action inspire antibiotic drug discovery and form valuable tools for studying bacterial physiology. New technologies are being developed and improved to access untapped sources of new compounds, accelerate their biological and chemical characterization, and rapidly dereplicate already known compounds. Nature still holds many unknown antibiotics for us to discover and explore.
Designte Spinnenseidenmaterialien für zellspezifische Interaktionen
Authors: Trossmann Vanessa T. , Scheibel Thomas
Published: October 2023

Spider silk films are promising for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility. However, without modifications spider silk films often interact little with cells. Thus, we developed two modification strategies to enhance and guide specific cell interaction: 1) We introduced topographical surface patterns as cellular anchoring points. 2) We fused short cell adhesive peptide sequences to spider silk providing chemical interaction sites for cell receptors.
Partial First-Person Authority: How We Know Our Own Emotions
Authors: Andreotta Adam J.
Published: October 2023

This paper focuses on the self-knowledge of emotions. I first argue that several of the leading theories of self-knowledge, including the transparency method (see, e.g., Byrne 2018) and neo-expressivism (see, e.g., Bar-On 2004), have difficulties explaining how we authoritatively know our own emotions (even though they may plausibly account for sensation, belief, intention, and desire). I next consider Barrett’s (2017a) empirically informed theory of constructed emotion. While I agree with her that we ‘give meaning to [our] present sensations’ (2017a, p.26), I disagree with her that we construct our emotions, as this has some unwelcome implications. I then draw upon recent data from the science of emotions literature to advance a view I call partial first-person authority. According to this view, first-person authority with respect to our emotions is only partial: we can introspect and authoritatively know our own sensations, and beliefs, in ways others cannot; but we still need to interpret those sensations and beliefs, to know our emotions. Finally, I consider self-interpretational accounts of self-knowledge by Carruthers (2011) and Cassam (2014). I argue that while these accounts are implausible when applied to beliefs, desires, and intentions, they are more plausible when applied to our emotions.
Application of Heat and Mass Transfer to Convective Flow of Casson Fluids in a Microchannel with Caputo–Fabrizio Derivative Approach
Authors: Abbas Shajar , Nisa Zaib Un , Nazar Mudassar , Amjad Muhammad , Ali Haider , Jan Ahmed Zubair
Published: October 2023

It has been demonstrated that fractional derivatives exhibit a range of solutions that are helpful in the engineering, medical, and manufacturing sciences. Particularly in analytical research, investigations on using fractional derivatives in fluid flow are still in their infancy. Therefore, it is still being determined whether fractional derivatives may be represented geometrically in the mechanics of the flow of fluids. However, theoretical research will be helpful in supporting upcoming experimental research. Therefore, the aim of this study is to showcase an application of Caputo–Fabrizio toward the Casson fluid flowing in an unsteady boundary layer. Mass diffusion and heat radiation are taken into account while analyzing the PDEs that governed the problem. Dimensionless governing equations are formed from the fractional PDEs by utilizing the necessary dimensionless variables. Once the equations have been transformed into linear ODEs, the solution may then be found by applying the Laplace transform technique. Inverting Laplace transforms by Stehfest’s and Tzou’s Algorithm is then used to retrieve the original variables and the solutions as concentration, temperature, and velocity fields. Graphical illustrations sketched using the Mathcad program are used to show how physical parameters affect temperature, velocity, and concentration profiles. Findings show that the velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles have been improved by thermal radiation, mass diffusion, and fractional parameters. The fractional derivative is a more general derivative due to its nonlocal and flexible nature the flow model that is formulated by applying the fractional derivative is suitable to address the memory effect. The present fractionalized results of velocity, concentration, and temperature are more general and applicable to the wide range of orders of fractional derivatives.
Determination of Sulfide Consumption by Fe-bearing Components of Bentonites
Authors: Hadi Jebril , Greneche Jean-Marc , Wersin Paul , Koho Petri , Pastina Barbara
Published: October 2023

Geologic repositories for spent nuclear fuel use bentonite as a buffer to protect the metallic containers confining the radioactive material. Sulfate-reducing bacteria, which may be present in groundwater, at the bentonite–host rock interface or eventually within the bentonite may produce sulfide, representing a potential threat for the metallic canisters, particularly copper. Bentonites can act as potential sulfide scavengers. Little is yet known, however, regarding the underlying mechanisms, the maximum extent of sulfide consumption, and the potential impacts on bentonite structure under repository conditions. In the current study, concentrated (4–150 mM) sulfide solutions were reacted in batch experiments with six natural Fe-bearing bentonites, with various purified Fe-bearing components of bentonite (a series of purified montmorillonites and three iron (oxyhydr)oxides), and with one synthetic mixture, for up to 1.5 months at pH values ranging from 7 to 13. The solutions were analyzed by colorimetry to determine sulfide and polysulfide concentrations and the solids were analyzed by57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry to determine iron speciation. Important sulfide consumption coupled with a reduction of structural Fe in the clay samples was observed. Not all clay structural Fe was reactive toward sulfide; the proportion of active structural Fe depended on the clay structure and pH. In the presence of excess sulfide in solution regarding Fe in the solid sample, the clay structural Fe was found to be the main reactant while the reaction with iron (oxyhydr)oxides was largely inhibited. Three bentonite groups were distinguished, based on the sulfide oxidation capacity of their main clayey component.
Grand Strategies of the Left
Authors: Jackson Van
Published: October 2023

Why are progressives often critical of US foreign policy and the national security state? What would a statecraft that pulls ideas from the American left look like? Grand Strategies of the Left brings the progressive worldview into conversation with security studies and foreign policy practice. It argues that American progressives think durable security will only come by prioritizing the interconnected conditions of peace, democracy, and equality. By conceiving of grand strategy as worldmaking, progressives see multiple ways of using foreign policy to make a more just and stable world. US statecraft – including defense policy – should be retooled not for primacy, endless power accumulation, or a political status quo that privileges elites, but rather to shape the context that gives rise to perpetual insecurity. Progressive worldmaking has its own risks and dilemmas but expands how we imagine what the world is and could be.
Mooring the Global Archive
Authors: Dusinberre Martin
Published: October 2023

Martin Dusinberre follows the Yamashiro-maru steamship across Asian and Pacific waters in an innovative history of Japan's engagement with the outside world in the late-nineteenth century. His compelling in-depth analysis reconstructs the lives of some of the thousands of male and female migrants who left Japan for work in Hawai'i, Southeast Asia and Australia. These stories bring together transpacific historiographies of settler colonialism, labour history and resource extraction in new ways. Drawing on an unconventional and deeply material archive, from gravestones to government files, paintings to song, and from digitized records to the very earth itself, Dusinberre addresses key questions of method and authorial positionality in the writing of global history. This engaging investigation into archival practice asks, what is the global archive, where is it cited, and who are 'we' as we cite it? This title is also available as Open Access.
Aerial Access Networks
Authors: Song Lingyang , Di Boya , Zhang Hongliang , Han Zhu
Published: October 2023

This book provides the state-of-the-art research on aerial communications coexisting with terrestrial networks from physical, MAC, network, and application layer perspectives. It includes thorough discussion of control issues, access techniques and resource sharing between cellular communication and aerial communications to accommodate larger volumes of traffic and to provide better service to users. Other challenges are explored in this text are: identification of services, radio resource allocation and resource management for aerial links, self-organizing aerial networks, aerial offloading, and performance evaluation of aerial communications. This volume will be a highly useful resource for students, researchers and engineers interested in obtaining comprehensive information on the design, evaluation, and applications of aerial access networks and communications.