bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kesalahan Pemahaman Konsep Peserta Didik dalam Menyelesaikan Soal-Soal Integral Lipat Dua pada Koordinat Polar
Authors: Rahma Siska Utari  , Liana Septy  , Lusinda Hutauruk
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif untuk menganalisis kesalahan pemahaman konsep peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal integral lipat dua pada koordinat polar. Tiga puluh peserta didik yang mengambil mata kuliah kalkulus peubah banyak menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi. Hasil jawaban tes peserta didik serta dokumentasi hasil pengerjaan peserta didik, dikoreksi, dianalisis berdasarkan indikator pemahaman konsep dan didisplay data. Analisis kesalahan jawaban peserta didik berdasarkan indikator pemahaman konsep yakni (1) menyatakan ulang konsep integral. (2) merepresentasikan konsep ke bentuk lain, (3) memilih dan menggunakan prosedur serta (4) menggunakan konsep dan algoritma pemecahan masalah. Dalam menyatakan ulang konsep integral peserta didik langsung menggunakan batas atas dan batas bawah integrasi tanpa menuliskan terlebih dahulu hasil pengintegralan. Kesalahan merepresentasikan fungsi ke grafik adalah, fungsi langsung disketsakan tanpa membuat table, memplot titik dan membuat kurva. Kesalahan dalam memilih dan menggunakan prosedur dan penggunaan algoritma pemecahan masalah dikarenakan kurangnya pengetahuan awal peserta didik mengenai materi prasyarat yakni, integral trigonometri dan fungsi trigonometri.
Pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education Pada Materi Bentuk Aljabar
Authors: Moh Syukron Maftuh  , Via Yustitia
Published: August 2021

Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) merupakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang menghubungkan matematika dengan konteks dunia nyata sehingga memudahkan siswa untuk kritis dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas siswa, hasil belajar, dan respon siswa melalui implementasi RME pada siswa SMP. Metode yang digunakan kuantitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas VII SMPN 1 Wonoayu, Sidoarjo. Metode yang digunakan metode observasi, tes, dan angket. Instrumen berupa lembar observasi aktivitas siswa, tes hasil belajar, dan angket respon. Hasil observasi menunjukkan aktivitas siswa dalam kategori baik, yaitu mencapai 79,46%. Persentase ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar melalui implementasi RME yaitu 84,37% sehingga dikatakan secara klasikal baik. Respon siswa diperoleh hasil positif dengan persentase 91,01% secara klasikal sehinga dikategorikan sangat positif.
Lembar Aktivitas Mahasiswa Materi Integral Jumlah Riemann Berdasarkan Teori Aksi, Proses, Objek, Skema (APOS)
Authors: Maya Saftari  , Sariman
Published: August 2021

This study produced a prototype of Riemann's number of teaching materials based on APOS theory. The student activity sheet (LAM) based on APOS theory was designed to help students understand the integral of the subject matter of Riemann quantities. The teaching materials design process was divided into two stages, namely preliminary study and formative evaluation. In the preliminary study stage, the researchers prepared and designed teaching materials in the form of student activity sheets for the subject of Riemann's Amount based on the APOS theory (Action, Process, Object, and Scheme). In the formative evaluation stage, researchers evaluated and revised the results of the design of teaching materials. The evaluation results in the form of comments and suggestions were used to revise the products produced, namely the first, second, and third prototypes. From these three stages, the first prototype that the researcher designed was revised based on the comments from the validator, namely expert review and several students. The second prototype was revised based on comments from several groups of students in small groups. The third prototype was the final design result used for field testing at the field test stage. The trials conducted showed that the goal of producing a product design that had a potential effect (usability) in the mathematics learning process had been achieved.
Analisis Instrumen Penilaian Berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills pada Mata Kuliah Matematika Lanjut
Authors: Sari Saraswati  , Iesyah Rodliyah  , Novia Dwi Rahmawati
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the quality of the assessment instrument based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based on qualitative and quantitative analysis. The type of research is descriptive quantitative. This study involved 32 Mathematics Education students. The research instrument was in the form of a question review sheet and 16 multiple-choice items based on HOTS based on Bloom's taxonomy. The qualitative study covers aspects of content/material, construction, and language. While the quantitative analysis is based on the Classical Test Theory approach with the help of the ANATES version 4.0.9 program. Aspects that are analyzed quantitatively include validity, reliability, level of difficulty, discriminatory power, and distractor functions. The results showed that 1) the instrument reached the valid criteria from the results of qualitative and quantitative studies, 2) the reliability of the items reached 0.87 including very high criteria, 3) the discriminatory power of at least 22.22%, 4) the level of difficulty of the questions included 25% easy, 31.25% moderate, while 43.75% difficult, and 5) all distractors work well. This HOTS-based assessment instrument can be applied as an evaluation tool in familiarizing students with higher-order thinking.
The Impact of Blended Learning Type Flipped Classroom on Autonomous Mathematics Learning
Authors: Ahmad Ahmad
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine (1) the autonomous of learning mathematics taught by the blended learning model of the flipped classroom type in as the senior class in a junior high school in Sokaraja in academi year of 2019/2020, (2) the autonomous of learning mathematics taught by conventional learning models in as the senior class in a junior high school in Sokaraja in academi year of 2019/2020, and (3) whether the learning independence is maintained. A quasi-experimental approach with a non-equivalent control group was employed in this research. The samples utilized in this research were divided into two classes, with one class serving as the experimental class and the other serving as the control class. As a data collecting technique, the independence test was used. The information was then examined using descriptive statistics and the t-test. Based on the findings the following conclusions may be drawn: There are variations in students' learning independence while studying mathematics. Students who get mixed learning model type flipped classroom and students who receive traditional learning models have curved sides.
Modelo de mejora para pruebas continuas
Authors:   , Mascheroni Maximiliano Agustín
Published: August 2021

La Entrega Continua es una práctica donde se desarrolla software de calidad de un modo en el que puede ser lanzado a producción en cualquier momento. Sin embargo, como parte de este trabajo de investigación se realizaron una revisión sistemática de la literatura y una encuesta, las cuales reportan que tanto la literatura académica como la industria todavía encuentran problemas relacionados con el proceso de pruebas al usar prácticas como Entrega Continua o Despliegue Continuo. De este modo, se propone el Modelo de Mejora para Pruebas Continuas como una solución a los problemas de pruebas en los entornos de desarrollo continuo. El mismo recopila propuestas y enfoques de diferentes autores que son presentados como buenas prácticas, agrupadas por tipos de pruebas y divididos en cuatro niveles. Estos niveles indican una jerarquía de mejora y un camino evolutivo en la implementación de las Pruebas Continuas. Además, una herramienta llamada EvalCTIM fue desarrollada para guiar la evaluación del proceso de pruebas utilizando el modelo propuesto. Finalmente, para validar el modelo, se empleó el método de Investigación-Acción mediante una evaluación teórica interpretativa seguida de estudios de casos llevados a cabo en proyectos de desarrollo de software reales. Los resultados demuestran que el modelo se puede utilizar como una solución para implementar las Pruebas Continuas de forma gradual en empresas con entornos de desarrollo continuo.
The application of adaptive minimum match k-nearest neighbors to identify at-risk students in health professions education
Authors: Kumar Anshul , DiJohnson Taylor , Edwards Roger A. , Walker Lisa
Published: August 2021

Purpose: When a learner fails to reach a milestone, educators often wonder if there had been any warning signs that could have allowed them to intervene sooner. Machine learning can predict which students are at risk of failing a high-stakes certification exam. If predictions can be made well in advance of the exam, then educators can meaningfully intervene before students take the exam to reduce the chances of a failing score.Methods: Using already-collected, first-year student assessment data from five cohorts in a Master of Physician Assistant Studies program, the authors implement an “adaptive minimum match” version of the k-nearest neighbors algorithm (AMMKNN), using changing numbers of neighbors to predict each student’s future exam scores on the Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination (PANCE). Validation occurred in two ways: Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and evaluating the predictions in a new cohort. Results: AMMKNN achieved an accuracy of 93% in LOOCV. AMMKNN generates a predicted PANCE score for each student, one year before they are scheduled to take the exam. Students can then be classified into extra support, optional extra support, or no extra support groups. The educator then has one year to provide the appropriate customized support to each category of student. Conclusions: Predictive analytics can identify at-risk students, so they can receive additional support or remediation when preparing for high-stakes certification exams. Educators can use the included methods and code to generate predicted test outcomes for students. The authors recommend that educators use this or similar predictive methods responsibly and transparently, as one of many tools used to support students.
Respiration monitoring during 6 min walk using wearable sensor measuring capacitance built across skin
Authors: Karita Momoko , Kumagai Shinya , Sasaki Minoru
Published: August 2021

A wearable respiratory sensor is developed based on capacitance sensing. The conductive cloth electrodes are sewn inside the belly band to give a natural feeling during wear. Respiration is unconsciously monitored using the capacitance built at the skin of the abdomen. Its expansion or contraction generates the capacitance change. Body motion other than respiration can cause noise. The coaxial electrode layout can be insensitive to the twisting body, which is included in the walking motion. Respiration is well monitored during a 6 min walk, which is the standard test in medical diagnoses. With the load of the exercise, metabolism requiring more oxygen is monitored.
Tax-Free Allowance in Light of the Theory of Law and Case Law of the Constitutional Tribunal
Authors: Ambrożej Elżbieta Agnieszka
Published: August 2021

The article is related to an attempt to evaluate changes in the Personal Income Tax Act in the scope of regulations regarding tax-free allowance, which are a consequence of the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of October 28, 2015. The Tribunal recognised that Art. 27/1 of this Act, to the extent that it does not provide for a mechanism to adjust the amount reducing tax, guaranteeing at least subsistence minimum, is inconsistent with Art. 2 and Art. 84 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
How Much Tax Harmonisation Is Needed?
Authors: Bárková Dana
Published: August 2021

The paper concentrates on tax harmonisation in the European Union. The author shows its development and results, and brings some case law examples. The paper deals with a problem whether taxes should be harmonised further – and how. It briefly looks back to the Austro–Hungarian Monarchy, and tries to find some parallels. In this context, some topical tax issues are discussed (e.g. ATAD, CCCTB)
Selected Issues of Public Finance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
Authors: Bartes Richard
Published: August 2021

The paper looks into selected issues of public finance during World War II, i.e. the period of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. It focuses on the fiscal, tax and monetary policies and, subsequently, the fiscal, tax and monetary sovereignty of the Protectorate. The aim of the paper is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis of the non-existence of fiscal, tax and monetary sovereignty of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
Legal Regulation of Taxes in the Period of the First Czechoslovak Republic and at Present
Authors: Boháč Radim , Hrdlička Lukáš
Published: August 2021

The aim of this article is to evaluate opinions on taxes and tax legislation at the time of the First Czechoslovak Republic and to compare these views with current opinions on taxes in the Czech Republic and with the current state of tax legislation in the Czech Republic. Obviously, we are faced with many problems of tax legislation of the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic even now. On the other hand, there is considerable improvement in certain areas.
Economic and Legal Aspects of the Healthcare Financing System in Poland
Authors: Hurło Andrzej
Published: August 2021

Health is one of the most important human values and can be a factor affecting the quality of life. The need for healthcare is one of the basic individual rights of the citizen. A specific sector in any national economy is the healthcare sector, which, as every created system, is subject to permanent changes. The author will present factors influencing the financial aspect of the healthcare system and its legal basis, especially in the light of recent modifications of the system.
The EU Bank Resolution Framework: Institutional Changes of the Financial Safety Net in Poland and the Czech Republic
Authors: Janovec Michal , Jurkowska-Zeidler Anna
Published: August 2021

In response to the global financial crisis, fundamental changes have been made at the European level to the legal framework of single financial market reg ulation and super vision. One of the significant legal steps was the establishment of a common system of recovery and resolution of failing banks. Within the framework of a systemic approach to the EU financial market, the article illustrates the steps taken towards the implementation of the resolution framework into domestic financial markets of Poland and the Czech Republic. The core content of the article is comparison of the role and location of the Polish and Czech resolution authorities in the architecture of the national safety net. The main aim of the contribution is to confirm or disprove a hypothesis that the legal framework of the resolution is a complementary element of financial safety net at the financial market, making it necessary to redefine the role of individual institutions that form the current system of ensuring financial stability in Poland and the Czech Republic. The scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparison have been employed.
Interventionism or Activation – Local Market Expectations Towards Local Government Units
Authors: Kopyściański Tomasz , Kowalczyk Rafał
Published: August 2021

Representatives of economic and legal sciences very often deal with the issue of the comprehensive impact of local government units on creating local development conditions. The experiences of recent years indicate that public entities, including local government units, are active participants in the local market. This participation can take direct forms when the local government units participate in the market, but also an indirect form, when the local government units act as the regulator of this market. The main restrictions of local government’s participation in the market are the law framework, the expectations of the local government community, financial condition and the risk associated with business operations.
The Central Bank as a Financial Mega-regulator (Russian Experience)
Authors: Kostiukov Aleksander
Published: August 2021

This contribution deals with the models of institutional regulation of financial markets. The main aim of the contribution is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the model of the Central Bank as a mega-regulator of financial markets is not optimal for the developing countries and particularly for Russia. The author highlights main arguments pro et contra Central Bank as a financial mega-regulator. The author supposes that before and during financial regulation reforms, it is necessary to answer the question: Is the financial market in the country sufficiently developed and extensive to abandon the functional (sectoral) regulation and move to mega-regulation? For Russia the answer is negative.
Sources of Financing Health Care in Poland – Findings
Authors: Lenio Paweł
Published: August 2021

In the presented article scientific works published within the grant project were used. The objective of the article is to present results of the scientific research conducted by an international community of financial law researchers. The basic objective of the scientific project implemented was to establish whether Polish legal regulations determining types of public sources of financing secure the implementation of tasks within health care. From the conducted research it can be concluded that the health insurance premium constitutes the main source of financing health care in Poland. Significant sources of financing health care include budgets of local government units and state budget.
The Current International and European Actions for De-offshoring the World
Authors: Marino Giuseppe
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the most recent actions at international and European level for de-offshoring the world. From the automatic exchange of information to the sophisticated rules to fight money laundering and the use of the financial systems for terrorist financing, everything seems to go into the direction of a world tax transparency. However, there is a dark side of these international efforts that brings to re-offshoring again, in a never-ending story of States trying to eat the revenue from each other.
The Anti-abuse Rule and Related Tax Administration Principles Written in the Tax Code
Authors: Špírková Taťána
Published: August 2021

The tendency to increasingly apply the principle of prohibition of abuse of tax law is clear in the domestic, European and international context. This paper deals with the principle of the prohibition of the abuse of tax law in terms of principles that are specified directly in the Tax Code (Act No. 280/2009 Sb.). This year, the general anti-abuse rule should become a part of the Tax Code.
Abiekt i trauma historyczna w „Wichrowych Wzgórzach” Andrei Arnold
Authors: Korczarowska Natasza
Published: August 2021

Według Thomasa Elsaessera teoretyczna koncepcja abiektu Julii Kristevej przekroczyła granice psychoanalizy, zyskując krytyczne wsparcie w naukach społecznych i kulturowych jako tryb oporu wykraczający poza problem bycia ofiarą. Aby przetestować aplikowalność koncepcji Kristevej do celów analizy filmu, autorka wybrała adaptację Wichrowych Wzgórz (2011) Andrei Arnold. Tekst filmowy autorka pozycjonuje w szerszym kontekście tradycji kina dziedzictwa (dark heritage), w paradygmacie kina abiektalnego Elsaessera (nawiedzenie przez traumatyczną historię) oraz w teorii intertekstualności Kristevej (zakłócenie porządku politycznego/społecznego/kulturowego). Zrealizowana przez Arnold wersja klasycznej powieści gotyckiej akcentuje abiektalny charakter „monstrualnego Innego” za pośrednictwem ciała, rasy i etniczności. Autorka bada, do jakiego stopnia film może skonfrontować nas z trzema zasadniczymi trybami abiekcji: abiektalną przemocą, abiektalnym językiem i abiektalnym ja.
Przed wschodem słońca
Authors: Sitek Wojciech
Published: August 2021

Książka Lekcje ciemności. Kino dokumentalne Wernera Herzoga (2020) autorstwa Magdaleny Kempnej-Pieniążek stanowi na pozór przewodnik po kinie dokumentalnym niemieckiego reżysera. W toku lektury publikacja objawia jednak swój pionierski charakter. Recenzent zwraca uwagę na interesującą próbę rozpoznania filmów Herzoga w kluczu romantycznej gnoseologii. Za szczególnie zajmujący uznaje pomysł Kempnej-Pieniążek, by wpisać twórczość reżysera w różne strategie poznania, a spoiwem dla nich uczynić motyw ciemności. Jak zauważa autorka książki, Werner Herzog podczas prowadzonych „lekcji ciemności” stara się odkryć prawdę o rzeczywistości w stanie kryzysu.
Kozioł ofiarny i człowiek bez skazy. Sprawa Dreyfusa w filmie Romana Polańskiego „Oficer i szpieg” i wybrane problemy jego recepcji
Authors: Demby Łucja
Published: August 2021

Artykuł dotyczy filmu Romana Polańskiego Oficer i szpieg, którego akcja została oparta na historii jednego z najsłynniejszych procesów sądowych, tzw. afery Dreyfusa. Autorka analizuje postawy bohaterów tego filmu między innymi w kontekście znanej teorii „kozła ofiarnego” René Girarda. Kozłem ofiarnym jest w tym ujęciu Alfred Dreyfus, Żyd oskarżony i niesprawiedliwie skazany na wygnanie jako rzekomy szpieg niemiecki. Przeciwstawia się temu pułkownik Picquart, określony w filmie mianem „człowieka bez skazy”. Problem „skazy” w odniesieniu do niego i do innych postaci oraz do świata przedstawionego jest jednak dużo bardziej złożony, a największą skazą charakteru ludzkiego okazuje się obojętność.
Pre-design of Biphenyl Chemical Factory from Benzene with Capacity of 10.000 Ton Per Year
Authors: Robiati Roman
Published: August 2021

The design of a biphenyl chemical plant from benzene with a capacity of 10,000 tons/year will be built in Tuban, East Java with a land area of ​​10,010 m2. The raw material in the form of Benzene is obtained from Trans-Pacific Petrochemical Indotama (TPPI), Tuban. The factory is designed to operate continuously for 330 days, 24 hours per day, and requires 214 employees. Biphenyl preparation begins with reacting benzene (2,807.74 kg/hour) in a Pipe Flow Reactor (R-01) at a reactor temperature of 377 oC and a pressure of 2 atm. This reaction takes place with a conversion of 90% and is endothermic so that a Hitech heater is used to maintain the operating temperature. The products that come out of the reactor are biphenyl and hydrogen. It is then cooled and condensed in a Partial Condenser (CD-01) to a temperature of 151 oC. Then enter into Separator-02 (SP-02) to separate hydrogen from a mixture of benzene, toluene and biphenyl. Hydrogen in the gas phase as a result of the separtor. The bottom product in the form of benzene, toluene and biphenyl in the liquid phase is pumped and put into a distillation tower (MD-01) to purify the product with the bottom product in the form of biphenyl with a purity of 99.3%. The result of the distillation tower is benzene and its impurities are recycled as feed into the reactor with a temperature of 83 oC and a pressure of 1 atm. This factory requires Fixed Capital (FC) Rp. 34,341,856,338,- + US$ 4,195,836, Working Capital (WC) (Rp. 127,536,505,173,- + US$ 170,019), Manufacturing Cost (MC) (Rp. 254,092,040,390,- + US$ 816,090), and General Expenses (GE) (Rp. 33,990,417,539,- + US$ 81,609). Economic analysis shows the value of ROI before tax is 50.38 % and the value of ROI after tax is 32.75%. POT before tax is 1.65 years and POT after tax is 2.34 years. The BEP value is 43.11% and the SDP value is 23.75%. The interest rate in DCF for 10 years is 19% on average. Thus, from a technical and economic point of view, a biphenyl plant from benzene with a capacity of 10,000 tons/year is worthy of consideration.
The Redesign of the Patiayam Kudus Archaeological Museum with an Architectural Approach to Regionalism
Authors: Sulthon Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Museum is an institution intended for the general public whose function is to collect, maintain, and present and preserve the cultural heritage of the community for research, education, recreation, and exhibition purposes. Regionalism architecture is an architecture that advocates the appearance of a building which is the result of a compound of internationalism with modern cultural and technological patterns, values ​​and nuances of tradition that are still embraced by the local community. The Patiayam Archaeological Site is an ancient site in the Patiayam Mountains, Kancilan Hamlet, Terban Village, Jekulo District, Kudus Regency. About 4,000 fossils were found in Patiayam. Some of the elephant tusks are placed in the Ronggowarsito Museum, Semarang. With so many fossils, it will not be stored properly because there is not enough space. If this continues, it is not impossible if the fossil which is a cultural heritage will become extinct. This study aims to provide a planning concept for the Patiayam Kudus Archaeological Museum.
Central pontine myelinolysis secondary to glycemic variability in type 1 diabetes: a case report and a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Di Agostino Stefania , Costanzo Arianna A.C. , Andreone Pietro , Maurantonio Mauro
Published: August 2021

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a rare manifestation of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) which involves the pons and causes significant morbidity and mortality. CPM usually occurs in the setting of rapid correction of severe chronic hyponatremia. A rare case of CPM due to hyperglycemia in a 27-year-old man with type 1 diabetes is reported. During the patient’s hospitalization, his plasma glucose level showed a wide variability ranging from 38 mg/dL to 530 mg/dL, while plasma sodium level was constantly normal. At computed tomography (CT) scans, areas of hypodensity with a hyperdense ring were identified in the anterior part of the pons. At magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, pontine abnormalities compatible with CPM were observed. According to laboratory tests, we concluded that CPM resulted from rapid and wide shifts in osmolar gradient owing to variability in plasma glucose levels. While universally recognized in several clinical settings, CPM is rarely observed in diabetic patients. Our report supports the notion that hyperosmolarity per se plays a key role in the pathogenesis of CPM, which may occur independently of sodium abnormalities.
Belt and Road Initiative in Central Asia and its Implications for Pakistan
Authors: Sarwat Rauf  , Adam Saud
Published: August 2021

China has been developing new commercial tracks worldwide to make its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) productive and to physically and economically link the neighboring CARs with itself. In this regard, China has been taking collaborative actions towards CARs to establish business linkages and building forward-looking infrastructure. Reciprocally, the welcoming gestures of the CARs towards these arrangements are becoming conspicuous. On the contrary, the West calls it Chinese efforts to put CARs in a strategic loop by helping their ailing economy. This paper, therefore, attempts to explore the advancement of BRI and the responses of the Central Asian Republics (CARs) towards this new development. In addition, the evolving situation shows that increasing partnership between the CARs and China significantly impacts the foreign and domestic policies of Pakistan because ChinaPakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is aligned with the BRI policy documents. Consequently, any new development in BRI will have substantial trickle-down effects on Pakistan. In this context, this article further examines the impact of the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB), as a core of BRI, on Pakistan. henceforth, the article reviews regional connectivity projects under BRI and calculates the potential impact of BRI on the political, economic, and societal spheres of Pakistan.
'Fieldwork' in the time of Covid-19
Authors: Posel Deborah , Kigozi Gladys , owen joy , Riedel Kristina
Published: August 2021

How does an anthropologist, a linguist, and a health systems researcher collect data during COVID-19 when human interaction is limited? Speaking at the first webinar hosted by the Faculty of the Humanities on Fieldwork in the time of COVID-19, Prof Deborah Posel, Research Professor in Sociology, said, “Lockdown impacted social sciences just as much. For us it was a lockout from people, libraries, and field research.”

“The benefits (of the webinar) for Humanities research are obvious. Research in the Humanities differs a lot from research in other disciplines such as Natural Sciences; it happens in silos and not as a group focused,” said Prof Heidi Hudson, Dean of the Faculty of the Humanities. This webinar series will provide a platform to engage, but also for inter-departmental and inter-disciplinary research in the faculty. “Using this platform to engage and talk about our shared experiences will help bring researchers together and to reflect on our own experiences,” Prof Hudson said.

Academics from different departments in the faculty shared how the COVID-19 lockdown affected their research projects. They were Dr Gladys Kigozi, Senior Researcher in the Centre for Health Systems Research and Development (CHSR&D), Dr Kristina Riedel from the Department of Linguistics and Language Practice, and Prof Joy Owen from the Department of Anthropology.
A New Broadening Technique of the Numerically Unresolved Solar Transition Region and Its Effect on the Spectroscopic Synthesis Using Coronal Approximation
Authors: Iijima Haruhisa , Imada Shinsuke
Published: August 2021

The transition region is a thin layer of the solar atmosphere that controls the energy loss from the solar corona. Large numbers of grid points are required to resolve this thin transition region fully in numerical modeling. In this study, we propose a new numerical treatment, called LTRAC, which can be easily extended to the multidimensional domains. We have tested the proposed method using a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model of a coronal loop in an active region. The LTRAC method enables modeling of the transition region with a numerical grid size of 50–100 km, which is about 1000 times larger than the physically required value. We used the velocity differential emission measure to evaluate the possible effects on the optically thin emission. Lower-temperature emissions were better reproduced by the LTRAC method than by previous methods. Doppler shift and nonthermal width of the synthesized line emission agree with those from a high-resolution reference simulation within an error of several kilometers per second above the formation temperature of 105 K.
Probing Polarization and the Role of Magnetic Fields in Cloud Destruction in the Keyhole Nebula
Authors: Seo Young Min , Dowell C. Darren , Goldsmith Paul F. , Pineda Jorge L. , Majumdar Liton
Published: August 2021

We present polarimetric observations of the Keyhole Nebula in the Carina Nebula Complex carried out using the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. The Keyhole Nebula, located to the west of η Carinae, is believed to be disturbed by the stellar winds from the massive star. We observed the Keyhole Nebula at 89 μm wavelength with the HAWC+ instrument. The observations cover the entire Keyhole Nebula spanning 8′ by 5′ with central position R.A. = 10:44:43 and decl. = −59:38:04. The typical uncertainty of polarization measurement is less than 0.5% in the region with intensity above 5500 MJy sr−1. The polarization fraction has a mean value of 2.4% with a standard deviation of 1.6% in the region above this intensity, similar to values in other high-mass star-forming regions. The magnetic field orientation in the bar-shaped structure is similar to the large-scale magnetic field orientation. On the other hand, the magnetic field direction in the loop is not aligned with the large-scale magnetic fields but is tightly aligned with the loop itself. Analysis of the magnetic field angles and the gas turbulence suggests that the field strength is ∼70 μG in the loop. A simple comparison of the magnetic field tension to the ram pressure of η Carinae’s stellar wind suggests that the magnetic fields in the Keyhole Nebula are not strong enough to maintain the current structure against the impact of the stellar wind and that the role of the magnetic field in resisting stellar feedback in this region is limited.
Efficiencies of Magnetic Field Amplification and Electron Acceleration in Young Supernova Remnants: Global Averages and Kepler’s Supernova Remnant
Authors: Reynolds Stephen P. , Williams Brian J. , Borkowski Kazimierz J. , Long Knox S.
Published: August 2021

Particle acceleration to suprathermal energies in strong astrophysical shock waves is a widespread phenomenon, generally explained by diffusive shock acceleration. Such shocks can also amplify the upstream magnetic field considerably beyond simple compression. The complex plasma physics processes involved are often parameterized by assuming that shocks put some fraction ϵ

e
of their energy into fast particles and another fraction ϵ

B
into the magnetic field. Modelers of shocks in supernovae, supernova remnants (SNRs), and gamma-ray bursters, among other locations, often assume typical values for these fractions, presumed to remain constant in time. However, it is rare that enough properties of a source are independently constrained that values of the epsilons can be inferred directly. SNRs can provide such circumstances. Here we summarize results from global fits to spatially integrated emission in six young SNRs, finding 10−4 ≲ ϵ

e
≲ 0.05 and 0.001 ≲ ϵ

B
≲ 0.1. These large variations might be put down to the differing ages and environments of these SNRs, so we conduct a detailed analysis of a single remnant, that of Kepler’s supernova. Both epsilons can be determined at seven different locations around the shock, and we find even larger ranges for both epsilons, as well as for their ratio (thus independent of the shock energy itself). We conclude that unknown factors have a large influence on the efficiency of both processes. Shock obliquity, upstream neutral fraction, or other possibilities need to be explored, while calculations assuming fixed values of the epsilons should be regarded as provisional.
13C Isotopic Ratios of HC3N on Titan Measured with ALMA
Authors: Iino Takahiro , Taniguchi Kotomi , Sagawa Hideo , Tsukagoshi Takashi
Published: August 2021

We present the first determination of the abundance ratios of 13C substitutions of cyanoacetylene (HC3N), [H13CCCN]:[HC13CCN]:[HCC13CN], in Titan’s atmosphere measured using millimeter-wave spectra obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. To compare the line intensities precisely, data sets that include multiple molecular lines were extracted to suppress effects of Titan’s environmental conditions and observation settings. The [HC13CCN]:[HCC13CN] and [H13CCCN]:[HCC13CN] ratios were obtained from 12 and 1 selected data sets, respectively. As a result, nearly the uniform [H13CCCN]:[HC13CCN]:[HCC13CN] abundance ratios of 1.17 ( ±0.20) : 1.09 ( ±0.25) : 1 (1σ) were derived, whereas previously reported ratios for the interstellar medium (ISM) have shown large anomalies that may be caused by 13C concentrations in precursors. The result obtained here suggests that 13C concentration processes suggested in the ISM studies do not work effectively on precursors of HC3N and HC3N themselves owing to Titan’s high atmospheric temperature and/or depletion of both 13C and 13C+.
Retrospective Analysis of 170 Patients Followed up with Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia in Nothern Cyprus
Authors: Cebeci Dua , Karasel Seide
Published: August 2021

Herpes zoster is viral infection that occurs with reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It is usually a painful but self-limited dermatomal rash with  cutaneous distribution. Although it's usually a painful, self-limiting rash, it can be much more serious; In addition, acute cases often lead to postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and seriously impair quality of life. It is important to recognize those at risk of developing postherpetic neuralgia, early treatment and prevent complications.
Objectives :Our aim is to determine the clinical features of our herpes zoster diseases and to review the treatments in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.
Methods: A search for HZ and PHN was conducted in a general practice research database, comprising 2 general practices( dermatologist and physatrist) and representing 5600 people. We analyzed a retrospective 170 case series of pediatirc and adults addmited  to the dermatology and physical therapy and rehabilitation outpatient clinic between October 2018 and October 2020.
Results: A total of 170 new cases had been diagnosed with HZ in the dermatology and physical therapy and rehabilitation clinics over 2 years . Female to male ratio was 2:1 and the age ranged from 5 years to 88 years. The thoracic dermatomes were the most commonly involved. The risk of developing PHN 1 month after the start of the zoster rash was 21 %. Independent risk indicators for the occurrence of PHN were age [55–74] years.
Conclusion : The risk of developing PHN increases with age and with commorbitity. Preventive strategies such as vaccination should focus on patients with herpes zoster aged >55 years.
Incidence of Iatrogenic Lumbar Spinal Instability after Laminectomy, Discectomy or Facetectomy
Authors: Hafez Ahmed A. , Hamdy Ashry Ahmed , Elsayed Ahmed , El Tayeb Amr , ElShenawy Mohamed Badran Abdel Salam
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE: This thesis aim to report the incidence of iatrogenic spinal instability that occurs after laminectomy, discectomy or facetectomy in Lumbar spine surgery.
METHODS: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of degenerative lumbar spondylosis complaining of various symptoms of claudication, sciatica and back pain which were surgically managed by laminectomy according to the level of stenosis in the period between October 2018 and October 2020 in the neurosurgery department at Cairo university hospitals. Mesial facetectomy was added according to the degree of stenosis if needed. Some patients needed discectomy if sciatica was an eminent symptom.
RESULTS: Out of 50 patients included: 9 patients (18%) developed postoperative instability. The number of levels operated on and the degree of mesial facetectomy were found to be variables that may affect postoperative stability.
CONCLUSION: Iatrogenic instability may result from large laminectomy and extensive facetectomy for lumbar stenosis in patients who do not have obvious pre-existing instability.
Key words: Iatrogenic spinal instability - Laminectomy - conventional open discectomy - Mesial facetectomy.
Evaluation of copper alloys for reducing infection by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium in intensive care unit and in vitro
Authors: Choi Sung Im , Chang Mee Soo , Kim Taeeun , Chung Kyung Hwa , Bae Seongman , Kim Sung-Han , Yoon Chan Jin , Kim Young Kyoon , Woo Jun Hee
Published: August 2021

Background/Aims: Multi-drug resistant pathogens are increasing among healthcare-associated infections. It is well known that copper and copper alloys have antimicrobial activity. We evaluated the activity of copper against bacteria in a hospital setting in Korea.Methods: This study was conducted in a laboratory and medical intensive care unit (ICU). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) were inoculated onto copper, copper alloy and stainless steel plates. After 24 hours of incubation, colony-forming units (CFU) were counted in the laboratory. Two similar rooms were chosen in the ICU; one room had copper-containing surface, and the other room contained items with a stainless steel surfaces. Items were sampled weekly for 8 weeks when the rooms were not crowded and when the rooms were busier with healthcare workers or visitors.Results: In vitro time-kill curves showed copper or, a copper alloy yielded a significant reduction in MRSA and VRE CFUs over 15 minutes. Upon exposure to stainless steel plates, CFUs were slowly reduced for 24 hours. In vivo, MRSA CFUs were lower in rooms with copper-containing surfaces compared with controls, both after cleaning and after patients had received visitors (p < 0.05). Analysis of VRE revealed similar results, but VRE CFUs from copper-containing surfaces of drug carts in the ICU did not decrease significantly.Conclusions: Copper has antimicrobial activity and appears to reduce the number of multi-drug resistant microorganisms in a hospital environment. This finding suggests the potential of the use of copper fittings, instruments and surfaces in hospital.
Intravitreal Tissue Plasminogen Activator for the Treatment of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Weizer Jennifer S. , Fekrat Sharon
Published: August 2021

A 58-year-old hypertensive man with a perfused central retinal vein occlusion of 21 days' duration received 50 µg of intravitreal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in 0.1 cc. Best-corrected visual acuity improved 2 weeks after the injection. Optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography demonstrated resolution of cystoid macular edema and improvement of venous outflow. Intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator may be a useful treatment for central retinal vein occlusion with a duration of 21 days or less.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003; 34:350–352.]
A semilinear problem with a gradient term in the nonlinearity
Authors: Guerra Ignacio
Published: August 2021

We consider the following semilinear problem with a gradient term in the nonlinearity

   \begin{document}$ \begin{align*} -\Delta u = \lambda \frac{(1+|\nabla u|^q)}{(1-u)^p}\quad\text{in}\quad\Omega,\quad u>0\quad \text{in}\quad \Omega, \quad u = 0\quad\text{on}\quad \partial \Omega. \end{align*} $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ \lambda,p,q>0 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \Omega $\end{document} be a bounded, smooth domain in \begin{document}$ {\mathbb R}^N $\end{document}. We prove that when \begin{document}$ \Omega $\end{document} is a unit ball and \begin{document}$ p = 1 $\end{document} for \begin{document}$ q\in (0,q^*(N)) $\end{document} with \begin{document}$ q^*(N)\in (1,2) $\end{document}, we have infinitely many radial solutions for \begin{document}$ 2\leq N<2\frac{6-q+2\sqrt{8-2q}}{(2-q)^2}+1 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \lambda = \tilde \lambda $\end{document}. On the other hand, for \begin{document}$ N>2\frac{6-q+2\sqrt{8-2q}}{(2-q)^2}+1 $\end{document} there exists a unique radial solution for \begin{document}$ 0<\lambda<\tilde \lambda $\end{document}.
The principal transmission condition
Authors: Grubb Gerd ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
Published: August 2021

The paper treats pseudodifferential operators $ P = \operatorname{Op}(p(\xi)) $ with homogeneous complex symbol $ p(\xi) $ of order $ 2a > 0 $, generalizing the fractional Laplacian $ (-\Delta)^a $ but lacking its symmetries, and taken to act on the halfspace ${\mathbb R}^n_+$. The operators are seen to satisfy a principal $ \mu $-transmission condition relative to ${\mathbb R}^n_+$, but generally not the full $ \mu $-transmission condition satisfied by $ (-\Delta)^a $ and related operators (with $ \mu = a $). However, $ P $ acts well on the so-called $ \mu $-transmission spaces over ${\mathbb R}^n_+$ (defined in earlier works), and when $ P $ moreover is strongly elliptic, these spaces are the solution spaces for the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for $ P $, leading to regularity results with a factor $ x_n^\mu $ (in a limited range of Sobolev spaces). The information is then shown to be sufficient to establish an integration by parts formula over ${\mathbb R}^n_+$ for $ P $ acting on such functions. The formulation in Sobolev spaces, and the results on strongly elliptic operators going beyond certain operators with real kernels, are new. Furthermore, large solutions with nonzero Dirichlet traces are described, and a halfways Green's formula is established, as new results for these operators. Since the principal $ \mu $-transmission condition has weaker requirements than the full $ \mu $-transmission condition assumed in earlier papers, new arguments were needed, relying on work of Vishik and Eskin instead of the Boutet de Monvel theory. The results cover the case of nonsymmetric operators with real kernel that were only partially treated in a preceding paper.
O rito da confirmação luterana e a escolarização dos pomeranos
Authors: Romig Karen Laiz Krause , Weiduschadt Patrícia
Published: August 2021

Pensando que o campo da História da Educação tem ampliado o seu espectro investigativo a fim de compreender temas subjacentes à escolarização, o presente trabalho apresenta um levantamento de pesquisas desenvolvidas sobre luteranismo, escolas paroquiais, ritos de passagem e confirmação luterana, para construir um estado da arte que serviu de referencial para uma pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito de um mestrado acadêmico. As buscas foram efetuadas em sites de bancos de dados e revistas eletrônicas da área de história da educação. O entrelaçamento entre os temas da escolarização e da religiosidade luterana demonstrou-se, então, profícuo para entender elementos educativos que envolvem o grupo étnico pomerano e para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa maior
‘A universidade que espere!’
Authors: Santos Laisa Dias , Conceição Joaquim Tavares da
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma compreensão de ideias defendidas por seis intelectuais da ‘geração 1870’ sobre a criação da universidade no Brasil no período de 1870 a 1889. A partir da história dos intelectuais e da utilização de diferentes tipologias de fontes, foi possível considerar que a implantação da universidade deveria esperar por ser entendida ora como sinônimo de centralização e monopólio do saber, ora como fim último, resultado de uma reforma gradual da instrução pública. Nos discursos analisados, mesmo que se buscasse o progresso do país e a liberdade da ciência, as condições financeiras, políticas e sociais do Império não permitiram contemplara criação da universidade como melhor alternativa para os problemas da instrução superior no Brasil.
‘Homens que ensinaram a América ler’
Authors: Silva Rony Rei do Nascimento , Mesquita Ilka Miglio de , Nery Ana Clara Bortoleto
Published: August 2021

Este texto tem por objetivo analisar a relação estabelecida entre Jaime Torres Bodet e Manuel Bergström Lourenço Filho, nas campanhas de alfabetização de adultos no México e Brasil, que culminaram com a realização do VI Seminário Interamericano de Alfabetização e Educação de Adultos, no Brasil em 1949. Trata-se, portanto, de uma investigação acerca da circulação de ideias que nortearam a educação de adultos no Brasil e México, em tempos em que o México se colocava como referência exitosa para toda a América Latina, sobretudo, pelas experiências levadas a cabo pela Unesco, OEA e Crefal. Em relação às opções teórico-metodológicas, trata-se de um trabalho embasado na História Conectada, tomando como fontes: jornais, revistas e fotografias. Por fim, pode-se concluir que a relação entre esses homens se constituiu no movimento campanhista de erradicação do analfabetismo adulto, levado a cabo em seus respectivos países pela Unesco, que resultou na realização de congressos e, consequentemente, em uma vasta produção intelectual e didática sobre o tema.
Estudantes lutando pela liberdade
Authors: Molina Rodrigo Sarruge
Published: August 2021

Essa análise está inserida no campo de estudos da História da Educação e tem como objeto de pesquisa a resistência do Movimento Estudantil da cidade de Piracicaba/SP contra o golpe civil-militar de 1964 e a ditadura. Compreende-se que embora o Movimento Estudantil piracicabano tenha suas particularidades, ele estava conectado com as principais questões nacionais do período e, espera-se ter demonstrado sua contribuição para fomentar a contra hegemonia, a reorganização da União Nacional dos Estudantes e a abertura democrática no Brasil. O referencial teórico e metodológico é o materialismo histórico dialético que auxiliou no trabalho de investigação com fontes primárias localizadas principalmente no Arquivo público do Estado de São Paulo e da Universidade de São Paulo.