bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEANEKARAGAMAN SEMUT (FORMICIDAE) DI SEKITAR DANAU ASAM SUOH LAMPUNG BARAT SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR ENSIKLOPEDIA
Authors: Khairunisa Afiqah , Santoso Handoko , Noor Rasuane
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to (1) determine the genus of ants (Formicidae) around Asam Suoh Lake, West Lampung. (2) Know the index of ant diversity (formicidae) found around Asam Suoh Lake, West Lampung. (3) Know the benefits of research results in the form of encyclopedia learning resources. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach, the research was descriptive. The sampling technique was purposive sampling technique. Sampling of ants was done by baiting (bait trap), direct capture (hand collecting), and pitfall traps. The results of research that had been carried out around Asam Suoh Lake, West Lampung found 9 genus with 10 species, the species found were Tapinoma, Pheidole, Oecophylla, Solenopsis, Anoplolepis, Paratrechina, Dinomyrmex, Pachycondyla, Camponatus, and there were 2 species of genus, namely bau ants (Tapinoma sessile) and pudak ants (Topinoma melanocephalum). The results of the research that had been carried out were used in learning resources in the form of encyclopedias, learning resources in the form of encyclopedias got validation from design validators and materials got an average score of 84% and 100%, which means that the quality criteria for encyclopedias were very valid to use.
PENGARUH VARIASI DOSIS BIOHERBISIDA LARUTAN DAUN AKASIA (Acacia mangium Wild) TERHADAP TERHAMBATNYA PERTUMBUHAN GULMA WEDUSAN (Ageratum conyzoides L.)
Authors: Ni’mah Lailatun , Achyani Achyani , Lepiyanto Agil
Published: October 2023

The aims of this reseach is 1) to determine whether there is the effect of variations in the dosage of acacia leaf solution in inhibiting the growth of wedusan weed, 2) to determine the correct dosage variation in inhibiting the growth off wedusan weed. This type of reseach is experimental, this study used a completely randomized block design (RAKL) with 4 treatments and 6 replications, to determine the effect of variations in the dosage of acacia leaf solution data analysis was performed using parametric test (normal data) and further test to determine which treatment inhibited the growth of wedusan weeds. The parameters observed in this study were wedusan weed height (cm), wedusan weed growth rate (cm), and wedusan weed dry weight (grams). The result showed that giving acacia leaf solution  had a significant effect on inhibition of high growth, growth rate, and dry weight of wedusan weeds.
PENGARUH KOMBINASI PAKAN ALAMI (DAUN PEPAYA- KUNYIT- DAUN SINGKONG-BEKATUL) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KELINCI NEW ZEALAND WHITE (Lepus negricollis) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR
Authors: Hartono Febri , Mulyani HRA , Zen Suharno
Published: October 2023

New Zealand White Rabbit (Lepus negricollis) is a good growth by requiring good nutrition for growth. Combination of natural food (Papaya Leaf-Turmeric-Cassava Leaf-Bekatul) as an alternative for rabbit feed. This study aims (1) to determine the effect of a combination of natural food (Papaya-Turmeric-Cassava Leaf-Bekatul) on the growth of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits (Lepus negricollis), (2) to determine the best combination for New Zealand White (NZW)rabbit (Lepus negricollis)growth, (3) To find out whether the results of this study can be used as a biology learning of source in growth and development material in the form of Student Worksheets(SW). The research was carried out for 30 days, rabbits were given feed at 06:00 AM and 07:00 PM. The results showed that there was an effect of eating a combination of natural foods on the growth of rabbits. The best growth in weight and length was in the P3 treatment with a combination of papaya leaves, turmeric, cassava leaves, rice bran as much as 35% with a long growth yield of 6.75 cm and a weight of 390gr. The results of this study can be used as a learning resource for high school biology class XII in the form of Student Worksheets (SW) for growth material and living things.
PENGARUH LAMA PENYUNGKUPAN TERHADAP DAYA HIDUP SETEK TANAMAN LADA (Piper nigrum L.) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI
Authors: Arisiyantoro Arisiyantoro , Mulyani HRA , Noor Rasuane
Published: October 2023

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a spice plant that has high economic value and has good prospects. The use of the right method will also optimize the growth of pepper seeds, one of the stages of pepper seedling is one of which is covering. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the length of coverage on the viability of pepper (Piper nigrum L.). This type of research was an experiment using a completely randomized block design (CRD) and using 3 treatments, one control and 5 replications. The research was conducted for 35 days from 23 March to 3 May 2020. The parameters observed were number of live cuttings, shoot height and root length. The data obtained were analyzed using the One Way Anava Test. The results showed that the length of covering had an effect on the viability of pepper cuttings (Piper nigrum L.).The results of this study can be used as a source of learning biology in the form of LKPD (Student Worksheet).
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FUNGI BERBASIS GROUP INVESTIGATION PADA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 05 METRO
Authors: Hidayati Rohmatika Nur , Asih Triana , Sujarwanta Agus
Published: October 2023

The research and development aims to produce a product in the form of an investigation group-based biology learning module on mushroom material that is suitable for use as teaching materials for class X IPA SMA. The development of this module uses a Research and Development development model using a 4-D model, starting from looking for potential problems, collecting data, validating products, revising products, and testing usage products. The result of the development of a biology module based on the investigation group from the design aspect was obtained a percentage of "75.5%". The results of the material expert validation got a percentage of "90%" and the results of the student response test obtained a percentage of "87.2%". It can be concluded that the average percentage value is "84.2%" with the criteria "Very Good". So it can be concluded that the developed toothpaste is suitable for use as a reference for teaching materials in biology learning on mushroom material in schools.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATERI SISTEM EKSRESI PADA MANUSIA PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMPN 2 RAMAN UTARA
Authors: Indriyani Dian , Mulyani HRA , Widowati Hening
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of guided discovery learning on the critical thinking skills of students in class VIII Science in SMP N 2 Raman Utara. This type of research is experimental with a design using Posttest Only Control, Researchers use instruments in the form of essay test items (descriptions) that are used by researchers to measure students’ abilities after carrying out the learning process using a guided Discovery Learning. Researchers used 2 groups with research design, namely the control group using the Direct Learning model with the question and answer method and the experimental group using guided Discovery Learning with the group discussion method. The research data is tested for hypotheses with the similarity test of two averages. The test results with the normality test show = 9,93 > X2daf = 11,07 α = 0.05, then, in the similarity test two t-count average > t-daf is 17,9 < 2,01 (= 5%). So there is an influence of guided Discovery Learning on students' critical thinking skills at SMP N 2 Raman Utara.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PERMAINAN EDUKASI BERBASIS ANDROID PADA MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA KELAS XI SMA/MA
Authors: Yahya Ashuri , Noor Rasuane , Santoso Handoko
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to develop an Android-based educational game media on the human digestive system material that was suitable for use in the learning process at school. This study used research and development using the four-D development model. The stages carried out were define, design development, and disseminate The results of the study indicated that the development of this media was feasible to be used as teaching materials in schools. The developed product had been validated by a material expert who got an average score of 4.6 and a percentage score of 91. The results of the material expert validation show that the product is very well used for learning. The product developed had been validated by a design expert who got an average score of 4.6 and a percentage score of 91. The results of the validation of the design expert stated that the product was very well used for learning. The trial was conducted on 15 students of class XI at SMA Negeri 5 Metro who were randomly selected. The overall average of the small group trials was 4.6 and the percentage value was 92. The results showed that the product is very good and students were very happy to learn to use teaching materials for Android-based educational game media
People’s sovereignty – the fundamental principle of constitutionalism
Authors: Berch Veronika
Published: October 2023

Purpose. The scientific article is devoted to the study of popular sovereignty as a fundamental principle of constitutionalism.Research methods. The methodological basis of the scientific article is a complex of general and special scientific methods of cognition. The author used the method of analysis and synthesis, the method of description and observation, modeling, formal-legal, axiomatic and logical-semantic methods of scientific knowledge.Results and conclusions. The idea of popular sovereignty has been the subject of scientific analysis by prominent philosophers, historians, political scientists and other researchers. The issue of direct people’s power in the context of the idea of popular sovereignty in a constitutional state is always relevant in view of the dynamics of the development of social relations and the evolution of democratic processes in the world. With the changes in the political-legal, socio-cultural and economic spectrum, there was a rapid wide-ranging breakthrough of scientific opinion regarding the understanding of the idea of democracy as a whole.It is emphasized that the essence of people’s sovereignty as the basic legal principle of the state’s existence consists in the expression of the will and interests of the people, the development of society within the limits of these interests in accordance with the current legislation. People’s authority in the political context is unified, it is exercised in the form of state power on behalf of the entire people or local government representing one or another territorial community, in accordance with their functional purpose.Emphasized, constitutionalism is not only a political and legal doctrine, an idea, but also a practice of application in the states of the world.It has been noted that the basis of constitutionalism in one or another state is always a certain constitutional ideology, which should be understood as fundamental (fundamental) principles, ideas, concepts, doctrines that arise and develop in tandem with the constitutional state.It has been established that the implementation of direct people’s power on a territorial basis can be carried out both within the boundaries of a separate administrative-territorial unit (a form of direct democracy at the local level) or the state as a whole (participation in the law-making process, national elections and referenda, etc.), and in the international arena. In the latter case, it is about the people’s ability to strive for self-determination, the formation of a separate independent state, and joining supranational organizations.
Judicial reform in Ukraine as an important step on the way to the state’s membership in the European Union
Authors: Kazik Tetiana
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of the judicial reform in Ukraine, to elicit problematic aspects in this area, and to identify trends in the further development of judicial reform.The methodological basis of the research article is a set of cognition methods, the application of which allowed to reveal the essence of the proposed problem.Since gaining independence, Ukraine has chosen to pursue European integration. Since then, the process of adapting national legislation to that of the European Union has begun. Therewith, the Visa Liberalization Action Plan should be recognized as one of the most effective incentives in terms of judicial reform. However, despite the numerous achievements in the field of judicial reform, the judicial reform in our country is still incomplete, which is a significant obstacle to Ukraine’s full membership in the European Union, in view of the violation of the Convention’s right to a fair trial. The level of access provided by national legislation must be sufficient to ensure the right to a trial in view of the rule of law in a democratic society. In order for access to be effective, a person must have a clear, practical opportunity to challenge actions that interfere with his or her rights. Effective access to justice for any individual and the proper administration of that justice indicate the success of judicial reform and the restoration of its confidence in national courts. The supremacy of law will not be possible without proper access to justice. Therefore, the judicial reform needs to be further implemented.To continue the judicial reform is one of the steps Ukraine must take to become a full member of the European Union. Priority areas for further reform of the judiciary should include strengthening the supremacy of law; combating corruption; eliminating shortcomings of the information and telecommunication system of electronic justice; raising the level of professional competence of judges by creating a professional development system that will include training, advanced training and exchange of experience with colleagues from other countries; introducing initiatives for such vulnerable groups of court users as victims and witnesses of war crimes, combatants and members of their families.
The concept and main patterns of compulsory voting
Authors: Mariam Jikia , Demetrashvili Sophio
Published: October 2023

Elections are one of the main institutions of good governance. The correct and relevant functioning of the mentioned institution determines the quality of democracy, the legal self-awareness of society and the index of political-economic development of the country.The democratic nature of the elections is indicated by the existence of specific principles, which are stipulated by the electoral law, in particular, universal suffrage, equality, free elections, and secret ballots.The relevant interpretation of each principle determines the effectiveness of the institution.The presented paper focuses on the institution of compulsory voting, which is directly related to the expression of free will. The aim of the paper is to review the institution of compulsory voting, to study its impact on electoral integrity and the overall legitimacy of the political system.According to literature review, the pros and cons of compulsory voting are highly debated. The reason is that there are a lot of supporters and opponents of a given institution with quite strong arguments supporting or opposing the institution.Based on the goals of the paper, it provides a description of the concept of compulsory voting and the reasons for establishing the mentioned institution. The paper reviews the types of obligation and their characteristics, explains the different systems of sanctions imposed on the persons avoiding their voting obligations, and the exemption rules based on the legislation of various countries.Based on literature review and collected data analysis, authors highlight the main patterns of compulsory voting, its relationship with legitimacy and efficiency of elected body. The final part of the paper outlines and evaluates the arguments for and against compulsory electoral participation and presents main findings according to comparative analysis of different cases.Based on the analysis it’s obvious that the institution of compulsory voting cannot be considered with the same results in different societies or states with different social-economic conditions.
Constitutional principles of civil society Ukraine in the period of martial law.
Authors: Pylyp Viktoria
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to clarify the peculiarities of the functioning civil society institutions Ukraine during the martial law. This became possible through the analysis of constitutional provisions, which are fundamental guarantees ensuring their activity; determination of certain aspects constitutional provision citizens’ right of to association during martial law, identification of contradictions between the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and other laws that determine the peculiarities functioning civil society institutions.Specialists in various fields of law, including A. Kolodii, N. Filyk, Y. Bysaga, S. Kyrychenko V. Korniienko, O. Lotiuk, H. Berchenko, P. Liubchenko, S. Kovalchuk, have dealt with constitutional foundations of the formation of civil society. However, the new threats posed by the military actions, changes in the legal system necessitate additional detailed scientific analysis.Research methods. The author’s methodological analysis included a number of general scientific and special scientific methods of cognition, the application of which made it possible to reveal the essence of the proposed problem. The method of analysis and synthesis, systematic methods of scientific knowledge, the method of comparative jurisprudence and synergetic method were used. In particular, the method of comparative jurisprudence was used to identify contradictions and inconsistencies between the legal provisions of the Constitution and some other laws of Ukraine. Synergetic method allowed to state binary nature of legal reality and uncertainty in a martial law.Results and conclusions. According to the results of the analysis of the constitutional provisions, it was determined that the basis of the functioning of civil society institutions is the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. In the conditions of martial law, some of the rights and freedoms of a person may be violated.Given the presence of threats to national security, the management of state institutions is being strengthened.Strengthened state regulatory activity consists in granting additional powers to its bodies and institutions. This also affects the peculiarities of the activities of non-state entities, which are institutions of civil society. Some inconsistencies between the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and the laws that determine the procedure for the creation and functioning of civil society institutions have been revealed.
Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Heterodera glycines during 2020 in Indiana
Authors: Critchfield Ricky , King Jaden , Bonkowski John , Telenko Darcy , Creswell Tom , Zhang Lei
Published: October 2023

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is the most yield-limiting pathogen of soybean in the US. This study was carried out in order to provide updated information on SCN virulence phenotypes in Indiana. A total of 124 soil samples were collected from soybean fields in 2020 and all of them tested positive for SCN. The virulence phenotypes of 42 representative SCN populations were determined with seven soybean indicator lines using the standard HG type test. The most predominant HG types were 2.5.7 and 1.2.5.7, which accounted for 64% and 14% of the SCN populations tested, respectively. None of the SCN populations tested were rated as HG type 0, compared with 28% of the populations in a previous survey in Indiana during 2006–2008. Nearly 88% of the SCN populations evaluated in this study overcame the resistance provided by PI 88788, which is the most common source of resistance in soybean, up from 56% in the 2006–2008 survey. Approximately 14% of SCN populations tested were virulent to PI 548402 (Peking), in contrast to 0% in the 2006–2008 survey. This study reveals a trend of increasing virulence of SCN populations to resistant sources of soybean in Indiana. The results highlighted the importance of rotating soybean varieties with different types of resistance and identifying new sources of resistance for sustainable management of SCN.
Tomato Mi-gene Resistance-Breaking Populations of Meloidogyne Show Variable Reproduction on Susceptible and Resistant Crop Cultivars
Authors: Ploeg A. T. , Stoddard C. S. , Turini T. A. , Nunez J. J. , Miyao E. M. , Subbotin S. A.
Published: October 2023

Sixteen Meloidogyne isolates from tomato fields in California grown with resistant cultivars were multiplied on resistant tomato in a greenhouse. Of these resistance-breaking isolates, one was identified as M. javanica, and all others as M. incognita. The reproduction of the M. javanica isolate and four M. incognita isolates on six resistant tomato cultivars and on susceptible and resistant cultivars of pepper, sweetpotato, green bean, cotton, and cowpea was evaluated and compared to an avirulent M. incognita population in greenhouse pot trials. On resistant tomato cultivars, there were minor but significant differences between the resistance-breaking Meloidogyne isolates and between the different tomato cultivars. Of the other resistant crop cultivars, pepper was resistant to all isolates and green bean to all M. incognita isolates, while cotton and cowpea allowed reproduction of one of the resistance-breaking M. incognita isolates. The resistant sweetpotato cv. Bonita behaved like resistant tomato, allowing reproduction of all five resistance-breaking isolates but not of the avirulent M. incognita. Our results showed that variability exists among resistance-breaking Meloidogyne isolates, and that isolates overcoming resistance in tomato may also be virulent on resistant sweetpotato.
Plant Parasitic Nematode Identification in Complex Samples with Deep Learning
Authors: Agarwal Sahil , Curran Zachary C. , Yu Guohao , Mishra Shova , Baniya Anil , Bogale Mesfin , Hughes Kody , Salichs Oscar , Zare Alina , Jiang Zhe , DiGennaro Peter
Published: October 2023

Plant parasitic nematodes are significant contributors to yield loss worldwide, causing devastating losses to every crop species, in every climate. Mitigating these losses requires swift and informed management strategies, centered on identification and quantification of field populations. Current plant parasitic nematode identification methods rely heavily on manual analyses of microscope images by a highly trained nematologist. This mode is not only expensive and time consuming, but often excludes the possibility of widely sharing and disseminating results to inform regional trends and potential emergent issues. This work presents a new public dataset containing annotated images of plant parasitic nematodes from heterologous soil extractions. This dataset serves to propagate new automated methodologies or speedier plant parasitic nematode identification using multiple deep learning object detection models and offers a path towards widely shared tools, results, and meta-analyses.
PERBANDINGAN TRANSLATION LIBRARY PADA PYTHON (STUDI KASUS: ANALISIS SENTIMEN PENYAKIT MENULAR DI INDONESIA)
Authors: Sari Ni Kadek Ratna , Agus Dwi Suarjaya I Made , Wira Buana Putu
Published: October 2023

Era saat ini pengelolaan data dalam jumlah besar dan kompleks ini perlu adanya penguraian data dengan fitur terjemahan bahasa agar lebih efisien. Penggunaan machine translation dapat menerjemahkan data secara otomatis dari satu bahasa ke bahasa lainnya. Pendekatan machine translation yang diusulkan yaitu penggunaan library pada Python seperti deep-translator, textblob, dan goslate. Pada penelitian analisis sentiment penyakit menular terdapat tahapan pengolahan analisa yang di dalamnya terdapat proses translate data tweet. Hasilnya mengungkapkan bahwa ketiga library yang dibandingkan dapat digunakan untuk melakukan translation data, tetapi dapat dipilih dan disesuaikan dengan keperluan. Penggunaan library yang paling baik dihasilkan library deep-translator yang memiliki access free dengan unlimited translation dan support features yang lengkap serta dapat mendeteksi kata typo lalu diterjemahkan merujuk pada arti yang sesungguhnya, maka pada studi kasus analisis sentiment penyakit menular menggunakan library deep-translator untuk mengolah jumlah data tweet yang didapat saat crawling data.
AUDIT TATA KELOLA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM X MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK COBIT 2019
Authors: Padmi Ida Ayu Agung , Githa Dwi Putra , Hary Susila Anak Agung Ngurah
Published: October 2023

Tata kelola teknologi informasi merupakan salah satu bagian dari tata kelola perusahaan. Setiap perusahaan yang telah menerapkan teknologi informasi dalam aktivitasnya harus memiliki tata kelola TI yang baik agar tujuan bisnis perusahaan dapat dicapai dengan penggunaan teknologi informasi secara optimal. Selain itu, tata kelola TI yang baik harus dapat di audit. Rumah Sakit Umum X merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang telah menerapkan teknologi informasi dalam aktivitasnya, akan tetapi belum pernah melakukan audit secara khusus terhadap tata kelola TI. COBIT 2019 dapat digunakan sebagai kerangka kerja dalam melakukan audit. Audit dilakukan dengan menemukan titik kritis di Rumah Sakit Umum X. Terdapat empat titik kritis yang ditemukan di Rumah Sakit Umum X, dimana titik kritis tersebut terfokus pada domain APO14, DSS04, BAI09, dan APO07. Audit dilakukan terhadap empat domain tersebut untuk mengetahui tingkat kapabilitas masing-masing proses TI yang berjalan di Rumah Sakit Umum X.
La evaluación del Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio en Cataluña: un análisis con métodos mixtos
Authors: Rosetti Maffioli Natalia , Borrell Porta Mireia , López Ortells Laura
Published: October 2023

El objetivo del artículo es presentar la evaluación del Servicio de Ayuda a Domicilio (SAD) en Cataluña, una política pública compleja en la que intervienen diversos agentes y esferas de gobierno y que tiene por finalidad dar apoyo personal en el hogar a personas con dificultades de autonomía o situaciones de vulnerabilidad social. El SAD adquiere una relevancia estratégica ante los cambios sociales y, especialmente, el proceso de envejecimiento de la población. La evaluación analiza tres aspectos clave de la política desde su diseño e implementación y se ha realizado con métodos mixtos, cuantitativos y cualitativos. En primer lugar, analiza la coherencia del discurso y de la política; en segundo lugar, se centra en su implementación, con un enfoque en la variabilidad local de la cobertura e intensidad de servicio y las causas de ésta; y, en tercer lugar, analiza los cambios en los usos del SAD Social a raíz de la Ley de la Dependencia. El estudio pone de relieve la complejidad de las políticas sociales que se despliegan en diferentes ámbitos territoriales y las dificultades para abordar su diseño, aplicación y, especialmente, su evaluación.
The Spanish recovery plan: assessing its contribution to the green transition in the European Union
Authors: Pérez de las Heras Beatriz
Published: October 2023

Background: The Next Generation EU (NGEU) is the primary financial instrument of the European Union’s post-COVID recovery policy. In particular, this major stimulus package is being used as an opportunity to accelerate the process of decarbonisation and reinforce climate policies. The article analyses Spain’s recovery plan and assess its potential contribution to the EU’s environmental and sustainability goals. Method: the study is drawn on a combination of academic literature, legal instruments and EU institutions and Spanish Government documents. The approach is mainly analytical. Results: NGEU funds provide Spain with the opportunity to undertake profound changes to construct a more resilient economic model. The green transition is the main axis of the Spanish recovery plan, with almost 40 % of resources allocated to this process. Investments and reforms aimed at the ecological transition are currently being implemented in Spain at a rapid pace, in line with the EU’s goals and policies. Conclusions: The new challenges generated by the war in Ukraine will require Spain to deploy additional efforts not initially covered by the recovery plan. In particular, the deployment of renewable energy and improvement of circular economy policies will be crucial to accelerate the green transition.
Cholecystogastric Fistula Penetrating Duodenum and Caused a Duodenal Obstruction: A Case Report
Authors: Nagano Hideki , Ohyama Shigekazu , Sato Atsushi , Igarashi Jun
Published: October 2023

Cholecystoenteric fistula, a rare complication of gallstone disease, can cause obstruction of the digestive tract by the form of gallstone ileus or Bourveret syndrome. Cholecystogastric fistula is a minor variant of cholecystoenteric fistula with a frequency of approximately 5% of cholecystoenteric fistula. We describe an extremely rare case report of the cholecystogastric fistula, caused by dense calculous cholecystitis, penetrated the duodenum, caused duodenal obstruction and needed differentiation from gallbladder cancer infiltrate to neighboring organ.
Letter To The Editor
Authors: Girard R.A.
Published: October 2023

The December, 1984 issue of Refuge pro- vided information concerning the level of Canada's commitment to refugees in an article entitled "Canada Refugee Plans - 1985" which appeared on pages 12 and 13. While this information is of interest to in- dividuals and groups involved in refugee issues, I regret that an error in the table which accompanied the article has perhaps diminished its value as an indicator of the federal government's participation in the refugee program for 1984.
Combined application of macro and micro nutrients and Rhizobium inoculation to nodulation and yield response of chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) at Halaba Woreda, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun Meklit , Worku Walelign , Mohammed Semira , Tamiru Tatek , Wolde Girma , Nahusenay Gashaw
Published: October 2023

The effects of combining the application of recently introduced blended fertilizer with Rhizobium inoculation on chickpea nodulation and productivity are not being studied in Halaba special woreda. Hence, the application of blended fertilizer and rhizobium inoculation for chickpea production under rain-fed conditions at Halaba Special District, Southern Ethiopia is crucial. Factorial combination of eight fertilizers (Control, NP, NPS, NPSB, NPSB+K, NPS+Zn, NPSB+Zn and NPSB+K+Zn) and inoculation and without inoculation of rhizobium biofertilizer was used as an experimental factor laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Fertilizer application significantly influenced crop phenology, nodulation, growth parameters, yield and yield components, except number of seeds pod-1 and harvest index. Maximum days to 50% flowering (48.33) and 95% physiological maturity (112.3) were obtained on NPSB+K and without fertilizer treatment respectively. The Highest number of nodules (23.25), nodules dry weight (0.13 g), number of branches plant-1 (17.64) and plant height (43.34 cm) were recorded on NPSB, NPSB+K+Zn, NPSB+Zn and NPS+Zn respectively. Similarly, the higher number of pods plant-1(61.6), and hundred seed weight (28.0 g) were observed for blended fertilizer treatments of NPSB+K and NPS+Zn respectively. Maximum grain yield (1.85 ton ha-1) was obtained for blended fertilizer of NPSB+K application with an increment 57.9% over control treatment. Rhizobium inoculation increased the number of nodules plant-1 (23.29), nodules dry weight (0.11 g), number of branches plant-1 (17.70), number of pods plant-1 (59), number of seeds pod-1 (1.17) and hundred seed weight (27.7 g). Maximum grain yield (1.84 ton ha-1) was recorded on rhizobium inoculated and it increased chickpea grain yield by 33.3% over uninoculated. Regarding the economic feasibility of fertilizers greater net benefits with acceptable MRR 1802, 866 and 257 were recorded for blended fertilizers of NPS, NPS+Zn and NPSB, respectively. Given the fact that the three fertilizers had statistically similar grain yields, the blended fertilizer NPS is a better choice among the three alternatives. Similarly, a higher net benefit with acceptable MRR (4189%) was recorded for Rhizobium inoculation. Therefore, blended fertilizer; NPS and Rhizobium inoculation were found to be relevant and recommended for chickpea production in the study area.
A Complexity Model for the Financial and Real Estate Crisis

Authors: Valderrabano Juan Luis
Published: October 2023

We want to look for a method to detect real estate crises as soon as possible (early warning) in particular applied to financial institutions channeling mortgage debt as collateral in MBS (Mortgage Backed Securities) thus raising new funds to continue with the mortgage activity until the collapse. The Pile of Sand (Sandpile) narrative is often an invariant scheme that accompanies this type of crisis: The formation of the debt pile, the critical point that triggers the bond default and the avalanche and contagion to other assets is recurrent because the inability of the process to track defaulting assets. Potential Law is a characteristic of the Sandpile and is present in one way or another in the process and we must check if shown by the data. We have studied the Spanish Real Estate Crisis of 2000-2008 and found that it responds to the aforementioned scheme. Finally, as theoretically crisis are named large avalanches we propose, set an alert threshold during the accumulation of debt as a risk signal beyond which a catastrophe can happen by means of the Neyman-Pearson Lemma. We believe that the implication of this alert is of decisive importance to the regulator.
Economic Shocks and Non-Performing Loans in Nigerian Banking System: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Bello Yakubu Aminu , Salihu Audu , Adekunle P.A. , Gambo A.I.
Published: October 2023

This paper estimates the economic shocks from the key macroeconomic variable to the growth of nonperforming loans in the Nigerian banking system. The significant determinants amongst the macroeconomic variables were confirmed to impact both positively (real gross domestic product growth rate) and negatively (consumer price index) on the growth of non-performing loans. A key innovation was the modeling of the impact with individual banks heterogeneity. Most studies assume homogeneity in the data generating process, thus losing information due to aggregating the different bank's data into a single data source.

Furthermore, this paper determined the key determinants of the nonperforming loans via a system of panel data estimation; one-step and two-step GMM methods. This has the attendant advantage of overcoming bias and inconsistency in the parameter estimates, which OLS estimation suffers from. A panel vector autoregression (pvar) model has employed a second layered technique to trace the shock pathway via the impulse response functions. The cause-effect relationship between the economic variables and NPLS was determined through a panel Granger causality test. The results showed; the lags of most of the macroeconomic variables impact the quantum and growth of nonperforming loans mostly in the long run. There is a presence of a long-run relationship among the variables. The macroeconomic shocks to the nonperforming pathways do not appear to fizzle out in the short or medium term as depicted by the IRF.
Características de la vivienda y la población que inciden en el gasto en electricidad en México, 2020
Authors: Carbajal Lúa Jorge Valente
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Based on the data from the INEGI Household Income-Expenditure Survey 2020 (ENIGH 2020), the behavior of the characteristics of dwellings and the population in relation to the electricity expenditure of households in Mexico is analyzed. A multiple linear regression model is estimated to evaluate the behavioral relationship between electricity spending and various independent variables that would have a direct relationship with the behavior of our dependent variable, including the size of the town and the quarterly household income, which were finally discarded as they were not statistically significant for the model and had a Beta of practically zero, respectively. In turn, the findings indicate that the variables are the age of the dwelling, the number of incandescent and saving light bulbs, the socioeconomic status of the household (low, medium-low and medium-high, high), use of air and heating, age and level of instruction of the head of the family those that keep a better relationship in the explanation of the model.
Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Environmental Quality in Burkina Faso: A Dynamic Trivariate Analysis

Authors: Diallo Souleymane
Published: October 2023

This paper analyses the dynamic nexus between energy consumption, economic growth and environmental quality in Burkina Faso using time series data over the period 1980 to 2019. The results of the long-run estimates through the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR) methods show that the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is not verified and that energy consumption negatively affects environmental quality. However, energy consumption has a positive effect on economic growth and economic growth also stimulates energy consumption. The results of the Granger vector error correction causality test indicate bidirectional causal relationships between energy consumption, economic growth and environmental quality. In terms of implications, these results suggest the need to strengthen energy policies to increase energy consumption and improve economic growth. However, it is important that these policies aim to change the structure of the energy mix in favour of less polluting energies. Renewable energy should therefore be encouraged through investments or subsidies in the sector in order to preserve the environment and promote sustainable economic growth.
Study of Poverty in Regions of Europe Using a Multinomial Poverty Line

Authors: Rodríguez Avi José , Rodríguez-Reinoso José María
Published: October 2023

Measuring poverty is crucial for designing public policies aimed at reducing social inequality and improving living conditions for the population. One common indicator, particularly in developed economies, is the poverty line, which is based on the income necessary to cover minimum expenses for a dignified and adequate life. This includes factors such as the cost of food, housing, transportation, and other essential goods and services. The calculation of the poverty line considers the consumption unit, which can refer to each individual (per capita) or include weighting based on the number of household members and their age.

The poverty line is a relative indicator, meaning it serves as a reference point, and it results in a binary model where a household is classified as either poor or non-poor. Additionally, data obtained from surveys such as the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) are used to calculate the poverty line.

This study proposes two main approaches. Firstly, the construction of multidimensional poverty lines (moving from a binary to a multinomial framework), including the definition of related auxiliary indicators. Secondly, the use of secondary data for the calculations, obtained from Eurostat, where the per capita income or weighted per capita income, as well as the per capita actual individual consumption, are employed. This allows for comparisons between NUTS3 regions and analysis of their evolution over time in Europe.
Local Governance and Willingness to Pay for Environmental Services by Rubaya Mining Diggers
Authors: Sibayirwandeke Mumbere
Published: October 2023

The exploitation of natural resources conditions the survival of many poor populations in several regions of the world including the site of Rubaya (North Kivu). Characteristics related to natural resources require that governance be applied through institutional mechanisms that encourage economic agents to behave in a way that ensures the sustainability of resources and internalizes their external effects

The main of this paper is to analyze the effects of local governance on the willingness to pay for environmental services by Rubaya’s mining diggers. This local governance concerns the membership of an association of diggers, the size of the association, trust, participation to ruler’s conception, ...

Results show that membership in association, farm assets, secondary livestock activity are positively influencing the likelihood of being willing to pay for environmental services while primary education and main income negatively influence it. The amount to be paid is positively influenced by the number of children, the trust, the size of the farm, the secondary activity of breeding; but negatively by the Protestant religion and the main income.
تأثير المنافسة في سوق التدقيق على سلوك المستثمرين: دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من مكاتب وشركات التدقيق في البيئة العراقية
Authors: حمه سعيد ڤیان سليمان , علاوي الشجيري محمد حويش , سعيد نوزاد خضر
Published: October 2023

تستهدف الدراسة الحالية قياس وتحليل مستوى المنافسة في سوق التدقيق العراقي، فضلاً عن تقييم طبيعة سلوك المستثمرين وميولهم الاستثمارية في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية في ظل مستوى المنافسة السائد في سوق التدقيق. وبغرض تحقيق أهداف الدراسة فقد تم تبني فرضية رئيسة موجهة لاختبار العلاقة بين متغيرات الدراسة في إطار الجانب العملي للدراسة، إذ تم تبني المنهج التطبيقي القائم على التقييم والتحليل الكمي الرياضي، إذ تم اعتماد البيانات المالية السنوية للشركات المدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية والنشرات الرسمية للسوق كمصادر للبيانات للمدة (2017-2021).  إذ تمثلت عينة الدراسة أساسا في عينة من مكاتب وشركات التدقيق العراقية والتي بلغت (26) مكتباً وشركة تدقيق مختارة، تم اختيارها في ضوء تحديد واختيار عينة عمدية من الشركات الخاضعة للتدقيق والمدرجة في سوق العراق للأوراق المالية والتي بلغت (22) شركة مساهمة، حيث تم اعتماد بيانات تلك الشركات في تقييم متغيرات الدراسة المتعلقة بمكاتب وشركات التدقيق عينة الدراسة.           وتأسيساً على ما تقدم، فقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات كان من أبرزها وجود علاقة ارتباط عكسية وغير معنوية بين المنافسة السوقية وسلوك المستثمرين المعبر عنه بحجم التداول وإن لها تأثيرا غير مهما في حجم التداول لأسهم الشركات الخاضعة للتدقيق، وهو ما يدل على أن الزيادة في المنافسة السوقية تؤدي إلى انخفاض في حجم التداول لأسهم الشركة الخاضعة لتدقيق. كما قدمت الدراسة العديد من التوصيات كان من أهمها ضرورة تثقيف المستثمر من خلال برامج التوعية التي ينبغي تركيزها على الآثار الإيجابية والسلبية لمستوى المنافسة في سوق التدقيق وآثارها على سلوكيات المستثمرين وتشكيل الأسعار في السوق.
تأثير القيادة الذكية في تعزيز ادارة المواهب: دراسة استطلاعية على منتسبي مديرية تربية نينوى
Authors: عبدالله محمد عبدالرحمن , احمد علي يوسف
Published: October 2023

يهدف البحث إلى تحديد مدى تأثير القيادة الذكية بأبعادها(الذكاء لشعوري، الذكاء العقلاني، الذكاء الروحي) في تعزيز ادارة المواهب بأبعادها(استقطاب الموهبة، المحافظة على الموهبة، تطوير الموهبة) في مديرية تربية نينوى وانطلق البحث من السؤال الرئيسي المتمثل بالكشف عن ما مدى تأثير القيادة الذكية في تعزيز ادارة المواهب، وقد اعتمد الباحثان في اجراء بحثهم على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي على عينة من الادارات العليا والوسطى في مديرية تربية نينوى، إذ تم الاعتماد على استمارة استبيان، بغية جمع البيانات عن طريق توزيع (80) استمارة، وتم استرداد (75) أما التي كانت صالحة بلغت (68) استمارة، وتم اختبارها عن طريق مجموعة من البرامج الإحصائية تتمثل بـ (EXCEL) و(SPSS 23).           وتوصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات، من أهمها وجود علاقة تأثير بين أبعاد القيادة الذكية وابعاد ادارة المواهب، ويدل ذلك أن زيادة الاهتمام بالقيادة الذكية حتماً سيؤدي إلى تعزيز ادارة المواهب، فضلا عن تقديم توصيات من أهمها العمل على تطوير مهارات القيادات في مديرية تربية نينوى، وتعزيز ما تمتلكه من مهارات وقدرات عن طريق تحسين قدراتهم ومهاراتهم في مجال الذكاء الشعوري والذكاء العقلاني والذكاء الروحي.
دور عوامل نجاح التخطيط الاستراتيجي في دعم مراحل عملية الذكاء التنافسي: دراسة ميدانية في مديرية تربية صلاح الدين
Authors: مشعل العبيدي ابراهيم فائق
Published: October 2023

يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على دور عوامل نجاح التخطيط الاستراتيجية في دعم مراحل عملية الذكاء التنافسي في المديرية العامة لتربية محافظة صلاح الدين، انطلاقا من مشكلة أساسية تجسدت في تساؤل جوهري مفاده: ما علاقة ارتباط وتأثير عوامل نجاح التخطيط الاستراتيجي المتمثلة) عوامل تنظيمية، عوامل تقنية، عوامل بشرية(بوصفها متغير مستقل في دعم عملية الذكاء التنافسي بوصفه متغيرا معتمدا بأبعاده المتمثلة) التخطيط والتوجيه، جمع المعلومات، التحليل، القرار(؟، وتم اختيار عينة عشوائية بسيطة قدرها (69) من مديري الشعب والأقسام والوحدات في المديرية العامة للتربية، وقد تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، كما قد استخدمت أداة الاستبانة كأدا ة رئيسية لجمع البيانات، فضلا عن استخدام الأساليب الإحصائية لعرض الجانب الاحصائي.  
          ومن أجل الكشف عن طبيعة هذه العلاقة فقد تم صياغة فرضيات عدة تم اختبارها باستخدام وسائل احصائية متقدمة، وتوصل البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات كان من أهمها أن هناك علاقة ارتباط وتأثير لعوامل نجاح التخطيط الاستراتيجي بشكل منفرد ومجتمع في دعم مراحل عملية الذكاء التنافسي، ثم اختتم البحث بمجموعة من التوصيات.
أثر المحاسبة السحابية على جودة المعلومات المحاسبية دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من الشركات المساهمة العامة العراقية
Authors: موزان دنيا مجيد
Published: October 2023

يعد وجود العديد من تطبيقات الويب في مختلف مجالات المحاسبة أحد أهم الاستخدامات إذ تمثل استخدام الأنظمة الإلكترونية من الوسائل المهمة في الوسائل الحديثة للمعلومات التي يتزايد استخدامها من قبل المؤسسات والشركات وجميع الوحدات الاقتصادية المختلفة بشكل عام وأنظمة المعلومات المحاسبية وخاصة التقنيات أحد أهم تطورات الإنترنت تأثير في نظام المعلومات المحاسبية. لذا هدف البحث بشكل رئيسي إلى التعرف على أثر المحاسبة السحابية على جودة المعلومات المحاسبية في الشركات المساهمة العامة العراقية وقد تم استخدام أداة القياس (الاستبانة) لغرض اختبار تأثير المتغيرات، وكانت نتائج البحث أن المحاسبة السحابية تعد من التقنيات الحديثة المعتمدة على الحوسبة السحابية والتي تساعد القائمين نظام المعلومات المحاسبية في أداء عملهم بسهولة. كما تساعد المحاسبة السحابية المؤسسات على تخفيض التكاليف والاستفادة من العديد من المزايا، إلا أن هذا الأمر يصحبه العديد من المخاطر ممكنة الحدوث التي يجب أخذها بعين الاعتبار، لذلك أصبح لابد من لفت انتباه الشركات إلى مزايا المحاسبة السحابية على المدى الطويل والاقتصار على المدى القصير بالحكم على عدم فاعليتها ومقارنتها مع الأنظمة التقليدية.
Analysis of Pathways Influencing the Quality of Nursing Documentation Practice in Central Java Province of Indonesia
Authors: Suroso Jebul , Santosa Agus
Published: October 2023

Incomplete and poor-quality nursing documentation can negatively impact patients and nurses; therefore, finding the root causes of poor-quality nursing documentation is essential. This study aims to analyse the pathways affecting the quality of nursing documentation to identify the root of the existing problems. This study was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at two regional general hospitals in Banyumas and Purbalingga districts, Central Java Province, Indonesia; 128 nurses in the inpatient rooms participated. Their age, gender, education, work experience, workload, nurse fatigue, and the quality of nursing documentation were observed and assessed directly and analysed using a path analysis method. The results found that 46.9% of nursing documentation was of poor quality. It was found that the nurses' workload and nurse fatigue directly affected the quality of nursing documentation (t>1.96; P<0.05). The quality of nursing documentation was also indirectly influenced by gender and work experience through the intervening variables of workload and job fatigue (t>1.96; P<0.05). This study concludes that workload is felt heavier in female nurses with extended work experience; this causes job fatigue, which impacts the poor quality of nursing documentation.