bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL AND IMAGING CHARACTERISTICS, TNM STAGING OF PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL LYMPH NODE METASTASES IN PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER AT CAN THO ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL
Authors: Pham Minh Chien , Nguyen Hong Phong
Published: November 2023

Background: Thyroid carcinomas are the most common endocrine malignancies. The cervical lymph node metastasis rate in patients with PTC ranges from 30-80% and there is a significant difference in survival at 14 years for those with and without lymph node metastases. Therefore, the early detection of metastatic cervical lymph nodes plays an essential role in deciding upon the optimal surgical treatment plan for the majority of patients, which will allow careful postoperative screening, adjuvant therapies, and minimizes the chance of disease recurrence, so we conducted this study. Objectives: To evaluate clinical and imaging characteristics, TNM staging of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients with cervical lymph node metastases at Can Tho Oncology Hospital between 2021 and 2023. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, including 52 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and therapeutic neck dissection. Evaluating general characteristics such as age, gender, reasons for encounter, thyroid nodule and cervical lymph node characteristics on clinical examination and imaging, cancer staging. Results: The average age was 40.0 ± 14.1 years (range 13 - 71). The female/male ratio was 2.5:1. The most common age group was <55 years (86.5%). Half of the patients (50%) were admitted to our institute due to palpable neck mass. The proportion of palpable nodules on clinical examination was three quarters. Nodule locating in a single lobe was the dominant characteristic (about 90%). The TIRADS classifications were TIRADS 5 (55.8%), TIRADS 4 (40.4%) and TIRADS 3 (3.8%). The common location of metastatic cervical lymph node was lateral compartment (86.6%). The absence of central hilar structure shown on ultrasound was 94.2%. Stage I thyroid cancer had the highest rate (84.6%). Conclusions: The presence of nodules in a single lobe was the most notable characteristic of thyroid cancer. TIRADS 4 and 5 were shown on ultrasonography in the majority of patients. The lateral compartment was the most common location for metastatic cervical lymph nodes, while the central hilar structure of those nodes mostly absent.
A revision of Scipopus Enderlein including the subgenera Scipopus s. str., Phaeopterina Frey and Parascipopus subgen. nov. (Diptera, Micropezidae, Taeniapterinae)
Authors: Lindsay Kate , Marshall Stephen A.
Published: November 2023

The genus Scipopus (Diptera, Micropezidae, Taeniapterinae) is redefined and revised to include the genera previously treated as the “Scipopus group” which included Scipopus Enderlein, Pseudeurybata Hennig, and Phaeopterina Frey. Pseudeurybata is treated as a junior synonym of Phaeopterina and the genus Scipopus is redefined to include three subgenera: Scipopus s. str., Phaeopterina and Parascipopus subgen. nov.. Redescriptions of 18 previously described species, and descriptions of 25 new species are provided as follows: S. (Parascipopus) subgen. nov., S. (Parascipopus) alturas sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) fenestratus sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) kubus sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) monteverde sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) nigriscapus sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) otisi sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) savegre sp. nov., S. (Parascipopus) tico sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) argentum sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) brunneus sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) lineatus sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) musculosus sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) narupa sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) noturgidus sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) turgidus sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) vee sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) fraudator sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) metallicus sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) quetzal sp. nov., S. (Phaeopterina) uniformis sp. nov., S. (Scipopus) brikelos sp. nov., S. (Scipopus) convexus sp. nov., S. (Scipopus) nitidus sp. nov., S. (Scipopus) planus sp. nov., and S. (Scipopus) wokomung sp. nov. Scipopus (Scipopus) limbativertex Enderlein is a new junior synonym of S. (Scipopus) nigripennis (Hendel), S. (Scipopus) bolivianus Hennig is a new junior synonym of S. (Scipopus) belzebul (Schiner), S. (Scipopus) frit Cresson is a new junior synonym of S. (Scipopus) calocephalus (Bigot) and S. (Scipopus) alvarengai Albuquerque is a new junior synonym of S. (Scipopus) erythrocephalus (Fabricius). The phylogeny of Scipopus s. lat. and its presumed outgroup (a clade containing Rainieriella Aczel) is considered using morphological and molecular data and supported with a maximum likelihood tree for the genes 12S, 28S and COI.
The Effect Of Realia On Students’ Ability In Writing Descriptive Text At Seventh Grade Of SMP Swasta Cinta Rakyat 3 Pematang Siantar
Authors: Citra Sani Sinaga  , Yanti Kristina Sinaga  , Novra Melisa P. Hutabarat
Published: November 2023

This research was entitled The Effect of Realia on Student’s Ability in Writing Descriptive Text at Seventh Grade of SMP Cinta Rakyat 3 Pematang Siantar. The purpose of this research to find out significant effect of Realia on student’s ability in writing descriptive text at seventh grade of SMP Cinta Rakyat 3 Pematang Siantar. This research used scoring rubric by Jacob in wigle 2002 which is included five aspects: Content, Organization, Vocabulary, Language use and Mechanism. The method used in this research was quantitative method. This research used quasi- experimental design. The population of this research was seventh grade students of SMP Cinta Rakyat 3 Pematang Siantar. The samples of this reseach was took two classes as the sample of this research consists of 64 students. There sample of this research were VII-C as the experimental class and VII-D as the control class. This research used purposive sampling technique. This research used instrument writing test to collected the data for pre- test and post-test. From the data and result finding of the calculation, the researcher found that the mean score in the experimental class pre-test and post-test were 32,46 and the mean score in the control class pre-test and post-test were 22,93. After calculated the data overall, the researcher found the t-test score is 5,069. Then, the researcher consulted with value on t-table used significance 5% and the value is 1,670. Therefore, the researcher found that t-test is higher than t-table (5,069> 1,670) and Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) was accepted while Null Hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. It can be concluded that using Realia as the media in teaching writing descriptive text at seventh grade of SMP Cinta Rakyat 3 Pematang Siantar is significant.
Survei Tingkat Kepuasan Member Terhadap Program Latihan dan Jasa Layanan Yang Diberikan Oleh Trainer di Queen Gym Sedayu Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Langgeng Pambudi  , Ristanti Puji Astuti
Published: November 2023

This research aims to determine member satisfaction with the training program and services provided by trainers at Queen Gym Sedayu Bantul Yogyakarta.  Member satisfaction is related to consistency in training according to the program prepared by the personal trainer.  The different training programs provided certainly affect the level of member satisfaction between one member and another.  This type of research is quantitative.  The population in this study were all members of Queen Gym who used personal trainers.  The sample in this study was fitness members who used personal trainers at Queen Gym.  The instrument used to measure the level of member satisfaction with training programs and services is a questionnaire.  In this research, the data analysis technique uses descriptive statistical methods.  The results of the study on member satisfaction with the training program and services provided by trainers as a whole were 56% satisfied.  Based on each dimension, namely tangibles, 70% of members are satisfied, the reliability dimension is 54% satisfied, the responsiveness dimension is 68% of members are satisfied, the assurance dimension is 58% satisfied, and the empathy dimension is 58% of members are satisfied.  satisfied.  Thus, the level of member satisfaction with the training program and services provided by trainers at Queen Gym Sedayu Bantul Yogyakarta is in the satisfied category.
Pengaruh Variasi Arus terhadap Kekuatan Bending pada Pengelasan Plat A36 Menggunakan Las SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)
Authors: Chandra Shandika , Waskito Waskito , Jasman Jasman , Putra Randi Purnama
Published: November 2023

The use of A36 plate in the construction sector is closely related to connecting or welding between metals because it is useful in assembling a product to lighten human work. Examples of the use of A36 plate in the construction sector can be seen in trellis workshops, where this plate is often used as a support or support in making a balcony or canopy. However, sometimes workers do not understand how strong the plate is after being treated with welding, often they just guess at the durability of the plate, so this can cause various kinds of losses. Starting from damage to work objects to causing work accidents that result in loss of life. Therefore, this research examines the effect of variations in current strength on bending strength. This test was carried out on A36 plate material which was subjected to welding effects with varying currents of 80A, 100A, 120A and 140A. and a bending test was carried out using the ASTM E190-14 test standard, the results of this test were that at a current of 80A the bending strength value was 161.173 N/〖mm〗^2. Current 100A with a value of 229.851 N/〖mm〗^2. Current 120A with a value of 270.374 N/〖mm〗^2. And a current of 140A with a value of 374.839 N/〖mm〗^2. The test object with a current strength of 140A is the test object that has the highest bending strength value.
Știință sau pseudoștiință?
Authors:   Romanian Academy, Sfetcu Nicolae
Published: November 2023

Știința și pseudoștiința sunt doi termeni adesea folosiți pentru a descrie căutarea cunoașterii și înțelegerii în lume. Deși ambele pot părea similare la prima vedere, ele sunt fundamental diferite în abordarea lor, metodologia și fiabilitatea constatărilor lor. Acest eseu își propune să exploreze distincțiile dintre știință și pseudoștiință, impactul lor asupra societății și importanța gândirii critice în diferențierea dintre ele.
Empowering Voices: The Role of Community Media in Strengthening Democracy and Fostering Inclusive Development in India
Authors: Mitra Archan , Das Sayani
Published: November 2023

Community media is widely recognised as a tool to give voice to the voiceless. This study investigates the transformative potential of community media in India as a vehicle for promoting inclusive development and enhancing democracy. The research aims to examine the distinctive ways that community media promotes diverse viewpoints, local content, and participatory communication, contributing to social change and community empowerment. It draws on secondary data and case studies of successful community media initiatives in India and other nations with comparable socio-political contexts. A thorough literature review and thematic analysis are used in the study's qualitative methodology to identify major topics, such as community participation and empowerment, local content and cultural preservation, solving development difficulties, and challenges and opportunities. The results show that community media projects like Radio Namaskar, Radio Mewat, and Radio Ada are effective in fostering community ownership, empowering marginalised populations, and involving community members in content development and decision-making processes. The findings also emphasise how community media may help with local development challenges and cultural heritage preservation. Community media initiatives in India, however, encounter a number of obstacles, such as legal restrictions, a lack of funding, and low media literacy among underprivileged groups. The findings of the study also provide policy recommendations for boosting community media efforts' efficacy in India, dealing with the problems they encounter, and utilising the advantages offered by digital technologies and social media platforms. The research adds to the current discussion about the function of community media in advancing democratic ideals, inclusive growth, and social transformation in India and elsewhere.
Social Media in Sports Industry- Impacts, Trends and Future: A Review
Authors: Saxena Chandan , Saroha Ankit
Published: November 2023

With the increasing use of smartphones and easy access to internet services worldwide, social media is playing a crucial role in modern communication. Today, most of the global population is highly inclined towards social media platforms, making them a part of their day-to-day lives. It has become an exceedingly interactive tool that has resulted in effective communication and a platform where one can put forward their own opinion. Associating with various social media platforms, numerous organizations are branding their own houses seamlessly. In the world of sporting ventures, social media has become a pathway for global outreach. Various sports houses employ social media platforms to interact with their fans and embarking on their global presence. In this review paper, an in-depth study has been carried out to review the impact of social networking usage in the world of the sporting industry, along with its recent global trends and future aspects.
Preliminary Report on the 2019 and 2020 Seasons of the New York University-ISAW Project at the Temple of Ramesses II in Abydos
Authors: Iskander Sameh
Published: November 2023

This preliminary report provides a general account of the fieldwork of the New York University-ISAW during the two seasons 2019 and 2020 at the temple of Ramesses II in Abydos. The results include the discovery of a temple palace, ten mud-brick magazines, and foundation deposits, as well as a pair of cartouches of Ramesses II carved on the sub-foundation on each side of the four corners of temple, the unusual burial of a bovine skeleton under the floor of the temple palace, and animal skulls and bones packed inside niches cut in some of the magazines’ walls.
Review of Acting Egyptian: Theater, Identity, and Political Culture in Cairo, 1869–1930
Authors: Takla Nefertiti
Published: November 2023

Carmen Gitre. Acting Egyptian: Theater, Identity, and Political Culture in Cairo, 1869–1930.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN SPAREPART DAN STOK BARANG DI BENGKEL PADASUKA MOTOR MENGGUNAKAN METODE FIFO BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Chafid Nurul , Hendradi Prionggo , Pangestu Ellynda Hadist
Published: November 2023

Padasuka Motor merupakan sebuah bengkel motor yang menyediakan jasa service dan menjual suku cadang atau sparepart. Saat ini, kegiatan operasional di Bengkel Padasuka Motor masih dilakukan secara manual yaitu pengolahan data, pengecekan persediaan barang, dan pemeriksaan transaksi penjualan yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan seluruh nota penjualan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, solusi yang diusulkan adalah menciptakan sistem baru berbasis web yang akan membantu meningkatkan efisiensi kinerja karyawan. Metode pengembangan yang dipilih adalah SDLC dengan model waterfall, dengan menggunakan Metode pendekatan FIFO (First in First Out). Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah PHP dengan database Mysql. Metode pengujian yang dilakukan adalah blackbox testing. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi sistem informasi penjualan dan stok barang yang dapat membantu Bengkel Padasuka dalam mengelola data dengan lebih cepat dan memberikan informasi yang dibutuhkan secara efisien.
Digital population and housing census – the experience of Serbia
Authors: Kovačević Miladin
Published: November 2023

The aim of the paper is to present the experience of the Republic of Serbia in conducting the 2022 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, focusing on the employment, legal framework and financing of the census as well as on its successful implementation. It discusses strategic decisions on data collection and the integration of information technology – including geospatial data, data collection techniques, machine learning, record linkage and monitoring system – to overcome the challenges posed by the census. The paper addresses the census undercoverage, explores the use of administrative data for item imputation, and examines the development of a statistical population register. The study demonstrates the benefits of adopting a digital-census approach: significant improvement of accuracy, cost reduction and acquired expeditiousness. The Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia conducted a digital census combined with traditional methods, excluding self-enumeration, along with the use of administrative data for item imputation, and recommends this approach as the most effective way to obtain precise and comprehensive information about a population, including its demographic characteristics, geographic distribution and overall size.
THE IMPACT OF FOOD VISUAL AESTHETICS ON CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF A HEALTHY AND TASTY MEAL IN THE HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM INDUSTRY
Authors: Janjić Ljubica , Vujović Sonja , Zdravković Ivica , Ilić Dragana
Published: November 2023

The visual appearance of food is an important attribute when people choose food. This paper aims to examine the impact of visual aesthetics on the consumer’s perception of a healthy and tasty meal. The paper consists of two empirical researches, which includes survey and experimental research. The survey results indicate the connection between the visual appearance of meals and the consumer’s perception of health and tasty meals. The experimental research compare consumer expectations about the meal taste based on its visual appearance, and actual consumer experience after tasting that meal. The results show that there are differences in consumer expectations, based on visual aesthetics and they should assist the hospitality and tourism business from acknowledging how the visual aesthetics of food can influence consumers’ food choice decisions. This can be an effective technique for hospitality and tourism companies in attracting consumers and increasing their loyalty.
THE FACTORS OF BUSINESS EFFICACY OF THE FOOD MARKET AND THEIR CORRELATION TO THE MARKETING IN FARMERS
Authors: Ivanović Miroljub , Ćosić Milivoje
Published: November 2023

The relevant research subjecs of this study are the contemporary models of economic studies, the factors of business efficacy of the food market, and the marketing of farmers. The aim of this transversal study was to define the latent structures of business efficacy and their linear correlation with the marketing of agricultural food farmers. The pertinent sample included (N =156) male farmers from Kolubara district, Serbia. The average age of participants was 44.26 ± =10.35). The questionnaire regarding farmer’s entrepreneurial success in food production was used in this research. The values of the Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient of internal consistency were higher than 0.70, which means that the variables used in this research possess satisfactory psychometric criteria. Four components were extracted by analyzing the exploratory factorial analysis, with Kaiser– Guttman criterion, and the oblimin rotation of the variables. The extracted four-factor groups of latent dimensions, on the level of statistical conclusion of 0,01, were interpreted as: quality – FI, economic privilege – FII, social privilege – FIII, and competition – FIV, which together account for 68.26% of the variance. The obtained findings on the coefficient of internal consistency (Cronbach’s) confirmed the reliability and validity of the applied measuring instrument, and thus future longitudinal studies can use it for examining the farmer population in Serbia.
THE PERCEPTIONS OF WINE CONSUMERS REGARDING THE USE OF DIGITAL WINE LISTS IN DIGITALLY ORIENTED RESTAURANTS
Authors: Labus Pero , Lukić Nikolić Jelena
Published: November 2023

The aim of this paper is to examine and analyze the perceptions of wine consumers regarding the use of digital wine lists in restaurants. The empirical research was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire, which was completed by 406 respondents from 2020 to 2021. The data analysis applied descriptive statistics, KolmogorovSmirnov test, Levene’s test, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The results showed that restaurants with digital wine lists are preferred by consumers who are at the young age group (between the ages of 18 and 35), have no prior knowledge about wine, and visit restaurants frequently (a few times per month). These respondents are willing to recommend digitally oriented restaurants and their services to others. The results and conclusions presented in this research could serve as a foundation for decision-makers and managers in restaurants to consider the introduction of digital wine lists and to improve their restaurant’s attractiveness.
Fundamentos e Práticas Pediátricas e Neonatais - Edição XIII
Authors: Barroso L. De Freitas Guilherme , Reder Custodio de Souza Ariádine , Maria Moura de Paulo Martins Vieira Egidia , da Silva Roberta
Published: November 2023

Em pediatria, há necessidade de reconhecer o desenvolvimento infantil como processo de formação,
transacional e determinante na formação do adulto. A abordagem terapêutica em pacientes neonatais e
pediátricos é diferenciada, ocorre muitas vezes
Prevalence of E. Coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infected Patients Attending Selected Hospitals in Kisii County, Kenya
Authors:   Kampala International University, Uganda, Mokaya Christine Gechemba , Emmanuel, Eilu ,   Kampala International University, Uganda, Sankarapandian Vidya ,   Kampala International University, Uganda, Onkoba Sarah ,   Kampala International University, Uganda, Maniga Josephat ,   Kampala International University, Uganda, Dembe Emmanuel Ssali , ,   Kampala International University, Uganda, Shehu, Umar Uthman ,   Kampala International University, Uganda,   Kampala International University, Uganda
Published: November 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant and growing global health concern, with E. coli being the most common causing bacterium. The advent of antibiotic resistance has worsened the difficulties associated with UTI therapy. This study looked at the prevalence of multi-drug resistant E. coli isolates among UTI patients in Kisii County, Kenya. A total of 203 urine samples were collected, evaluated bacteriologically, and antibiotic sensitivity tests were carried out. E. coli was detected in 20.87% of the samples. Notably, E. coli displayed considerable antibiotic resistance, with amoxicillin exhibiting 100% resistance. In contrast, E. coli isolates were imipenem susceptible. To avoid antibiotic abuse and treatment failures, it is critical to screen for ESBL-producing isolates before administering antibiotics. Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Escherichia coli, Antibiotic resistance and Multi-drug resistance
Mechanical Comics #12
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Twelveth comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
Mechanical Comics #9
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Ninth comic in an experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
Mechanical Comics #1
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

First comic in what I hope will be a new experimental series, reusing public domain images from the British Library.
BioBanking at GGBN 2023: Highlights from GigaScience Press
Authors: Armit Chris
Published: November 2023

“Extinction is forever – so our action must be immediate.” –Sir David Attenborough, Sept 30th 2020 The fourth international Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) Conference took place in Aguascalientes, Mexico from October 17th to October 20th 2023 where it was hosted by the Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes.
Recording: Social Depths: Representing Race & Disability in Comics & Graphic Novels – Jonathan W. Gray
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

Recording of Professor Jonathan W. Gray’s 20 February 2023 talk at City, University of London.
‘My Heart Goes Boom Boom!”: Understanding the Experience of Reading Digital Comics’ at On the Margins: Hypertext, Electronic Literature, Digital Humanities
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

On Friday 16 December 2022, Linda Berube will present our paper ‘My Heart Goes Boom Boom!”: Understanding the Experience of Reading Digital Comics’ at the Margins 22 conference.
Not Clear
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

10.17 Saturday Night.
We Gravely Read the Stones: Revisiting Detective Comics #610, January 1990
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

In memoriam Alan Grant, Norm Breyfogle, Adrienne Roy, Albert DeGuzman, Dennis O’Neil and George Cordeiro.
Presenting at HistorioGRAPHICS. Framing the Past in Comics, Munich, June 15–17, 2023
Authors: Priego Ernesto
Published: November 2023

I will participate the panel “Comics in the Capitalocene”, with my City colleagues Dr Dom Davies and PhD student Reed Puc.
Using spatial indicators to predict ventilation and energy performance
Authors: Du Xiaoyu , Bokel Regina , van den Dobbelsteen Andy
Published: November 2023

In the early design stages, architects are in constant search of a design direction that can determine the success or failure of the final design. However, in real design practice, most of the prediction methods for building performances, in this paper energy and thermal comfort, are utilised in the later design stages. Spatial configuration is one of the most important issues for architectural design in the early design stage. This study investigates the correlations between the spatial indicators connected with architectural design and the building physics indicators ventilation performance and energy performance. The main objective is to explore the potential of applying spatial indicators using space syntax to predict ventilation performance and energy performance in order to support architects for the evaluation of their concept and schemes in early design stage. The layout of a high-rise apartment in China in five different cities is chosen as a case study. The results show that the selected three indicators: connectivity value, air change rate and annual cooling saving ratio are linearly correlated, not just at building level but also at room level. R2, the correlation coefficient of determination, is between 0.53 and 0.90 (except for the case of Chongqing at building level).
Coupling occupants’ behaviour and natural ventilation potential analysis in the design of a Chinese rural house
Authors: Du Xiaoyu
Published: November 2023

In chapter 11, the VGA analysis method proposed by the author was used for the evaluation of the layout designs of Chinese rural houses proposed by the local government. Type 10 was selected as best design type, because it can most easily achieve thermal summer comfort for occupants in passive ways. The optimised layout has a high potential to achieve natural cross-ventilation, especially in the public spaces, which are important for the local occupants’ thermal summer comfort in hot and humid climates. Chapter 11 also shows occupants’ movement behaviour in the spaces. The public spaces in the house are the most attractive spaces for occupants. This is related to the occupants’ spatial perception. This helps the occupants to enjoy the natural ventilation in the public spaces because there is a high potential to achieve natural ventilation there.

In this chapter, the optimised layout design of chapter 11 will be developed for a new rural house design in the studied area. The focus of the design is still on the occupants’ behaviour and natural ventilation potential with respect to the spatial configuration. This study will demonstrate how to use the VGA analysis method for the optimisation of spatial configuration, coupling occupants’ behaviour and natural ventilation analysis to design practice.
Theoretisch kader
Authors: Plasschaert Nicole
Published: November 2023

Dit hoofdstuk behandelt de theoretische perspectieven die in dit onderzoek centraal staan. In paragraaf 3.1 wordt de theoretische achtergrond geschetst. In paragraaf 3.2 wordt ingegaan op het perspectief van de institutioneel-economische benadering. De context van onderhavig onderzoek kent een hoge mate van institutionalisering: de sterk gereguleerde woningmarkt enerzijds en de stringente wet- en regelgeving voor woningcorporaties als maatschappelijke onderneming anderzijds. Als gevolg van deze institutionalisering zijn met name woningcorporaties en de overheid belangrijke actoren die in de huidige situatie veel invloed hebben op de woningmarkt en de stedelijke vernieuwing.

In paragraaf 3.3 wordt ingegaan op het andere perspectief dat centraal staat in dit onderzoek: de benadering van de zogenoemde ‘common-pool resources’, ofwel publiek goed. Vanuit de bijzondere rol van woningcorporaties als maatschappelijke onderneming pakken zij het probleem op van kwetsbare wijken in bestaand stedelijk gebied, waarin voorheen publiek werd ingegrepen. In het gedachtengoed van Ostrom (1990) kan het maatschappelijke probleem van de leefbaarheid in stedelijke vernieuwingswijken beschouwd worden als een ‘urban commons’ probleem, waarvoor een interventie gewenst is. Vanuit deze theoretische perspectieven is gekozen voor het zogenoemde Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework van Elinor Ostrom als denkkader voor dit onderzoek, op basis waarvan de analyse van de onderzoeksresultaten plaatsvindt. In paragraaf 3.4 wordt het IAD framework nader toegelicht. Tot slot wordt in paragraaf 3.5 een korte samenvatting van het theoretische kader gegeven.
Verkennende casestudy
Authors: Plasschaert Nicole
Published: November 2023

In de voorgaande hoofdstukken werd ingegaan op de context en het theoretisch kader. Hierna volgt het empirische deel van het onderzoek met allereerst een verkennende casestudy in voorliggend hoofdstuk, gestructureerd op basis van het IAD framework van Ostrom (2011) zoals toegelicht in hoofdstuk 3. Deze enkelvoudige casestudy is uitgevoerd om grip te krijgen op beïnvloedende factoren bij investeringsbeslissingen in stedelijke vernieuwing. De resultaten en inzichten die volgen uit de casestudy vormen de basis voor het ontwerp van de gamesimulaties, die aan bod komen in de hoofdstukken 5, 6 en 7.

In dit hoofdstuk wordt de casus Vernieuwingsplan Centrumgebied Kanaleneiland in Utrecht behandeld. Het betreft een stedelijke gebiedsontwikkeling met als hoofdstrategie sloop/nieuwbouw, aansluitend op de focus van dit onderzoek. Het gebied omvatte aan het begin van de vernieuwing significant corporatiebezit van twee woningcorporaties, gecombineerd met commerciële en maatschappelijke functies. Het gelijkwaardige bezit en positie van de woningcorporaties Portaal en Mitros in het gebied als vertrekpunt, maakt vergelijkende analyse en onderzoek naar wederzijdse beïnvloeding mogelijk. De vernieuwing wordt gekenmerkt door een complexe samenwerkingsvorm met publieke en private actoren en een lange looptijd, waarbinnen veel contextuele veranderingen hebben plaatsgevonden waaronder de economische crisis in 2008. De interacties tussen de actoren lijken veel invloed te hebben gehad op de investeringsbeslissingen en uitkomsten van de vernieuwing.

De casestudy is uitgevoerd op basis van interviews met de betrokken actoren, ondersteund door inhoudsanalyse en studie van besluitdocumenten, overeenkomsten en het complete projectdossier dat beschikbaar was vanuit woningcorporatie Portaal. De geanalyseerde documenten zijn niet opgenomen in dit proefschrift, maar wel beschikbaar via de auteur. De casestudy heeft plaatsgevonden in het laatste kwartaal van 2015. Begin 2019 heeft een laatste update van de informatie plaatsgevonden in overleg met de actoren.

In de volgende paragraaf wordt de opzet van de casestudy uiteengezet. Paragraaf 4.3 geeft een beschrijving van de casus in Kanaleneiland Centrum, de investeringsopgave en de samenwerkingsvorm. In paragraaf 4.4 worden de resultaten van de interviews behandeld. In paragraaf 4.5 worden de resultaten bediscussieerd en geabstraheerd naar een algemeen niveau, waarna deze in paragraaf 4.6 worden vertaald in aannames ten behoeve van de gamesimulaties. De conclusies zijn weergegeven in paragraaf 4.7.
Conclusies, aanbevelingen en discussie
Authors: Plasschaert Nicole
Published: November 2023

Investeringen in stedelijke vernieuwingswijken worden met het wegvallen van de rijksbijdragen na 2014 niet meer door de rijksoverheid gestimuleerd. Private partijen worden sindsdien geacht in deze achterblijvende wijken te investeren zonder ‘trigger money’ van het Rijk. Voor de continuïteit van stedelijke vernieuwing zijn met name investeringen door woningcorporaties van groot belang. De investeringsruimte van woningcorporaties is echter aanzienlijk verminderd, onder meer doordat zij sinds 2013 verhuurderheffing moeten betalen. Bovendien richten woningcorporaties zich als gevolg van de herziene Woningwet in 2015 meer op hun kerntaken, wat effect heeft op hun activiteiten en investeringen in stedelijke vernieuwingswijken. In de huidige realiteit is het investeringsgedrag van corporaties in stedelijke vernieuwing ingrijpend aan het veranderen en moeilijk te voorspellen.

In dit proefschrift wordt inzicht gegeven in het investeringsgedrag van woningcorporaties in stedelijke vernieuwingswijken in samenwerking met andere actoren in de huidige context. Er is onderzoek gedaan naar de wijze waarop investeringsbeslissingen in stedelijke vernieuwing tot stand komen en naar de factoren die hierin een rol spelen. Omdat woningcorporaties minder investeringsruimte hebben en hun kernactiviteit is teruggebracht naar sociale huisvesting, komt het meer aan op samenwerking met andere actoren om investeringen in stedelijke vernieuwing van de grond te krijgen. Hierbij gaat het ten eerste om het samenspel tussen woningcorporaties en beleggers en ten tweede om het samenspel tussen woningcorporaties en bouwers (en in mindere mate ontwikkelaars). Ten derde gaat het om het samenspel tussen corporaties en gemeenten.

In dit laatste hoofdstuk worden conclusies getrokken over het investeringsgedrag van woningcorporaties in stedelijke vernieuwing en over de factoren die hierop van invloed zijn. Daarnaast wordt gereflecteerd op de toegepaste onderzoeksmethode en het gekozen denkkader en worden aanbevelingen gedaan. In paragraaf 8.1 wordt antwoord gegeven op de onderzoeksvragen. In paragraaf 8.2 wordt ingegaan op de betrouwbaarheid en validiteit van de toegepaste onderzoeksmethode en op de theoretische benadering en het denkkader van Ostrom. Vervolgens worden aanbevelingen gedaan voor nader onderzoek. In paragraaf 8.3 worden de verwachtingen van het onderzoek weergegeven en worden meer algemene uitspraken gedaan op grond van de bevindingen.
Diversity, public space and places of encounter:
Authors: Ahmadi Donya
Published: November 2023

Increasingly, public spaces are being regarded as important resources for fostering multi-cultural coexistence and for creating opportunities for cross-cultural understanding and dialogue, in that they can provide a platform wherein interactions across diverse backgrounds occur. This article explores the perceptions of public place in a highly diverse, post-war, modernist suburb of Toronto, and the extent to which public spaces play a role in fostering interactions between different groups and catering for diversity in the area. The analysis indicates that there is little evidence for encounters between diverse groups in public spaces, due to the lack of spatial infrastructure anticipated in the modernist design of the neighbourhood. In addition, social factors such as surveillance and policing, lack of appropriate symbols that cater to different user groups, and presence of gangs and violence have resulted in residents’ self-exclusion from public spaces and undermined the frequency and quality of their social encounters.
Toekomstbestendig renoveren
Authors: Brinksma Henk
Published: November 2023

Homes are renovated a number of times during their lifespan. Although we can regard each of these renovations as new, it is more prudent to implement a future-proof solution to renovation. Current renovation practice focuses on renovating to meet current demand. Many of the renovations are still extremely labour intensive and occur on site. This results in solutions to ensure that the house once again meets the required standards in the short term. These standards will continue to change in the future, however. Our homes will continually require renovation. The question is how we can arrive at solutions that do not impede these future renovations, and implement future-proof solutions that can be applied to a large percentage of housing stock.

This study defines future-proof renovation as follows: “Future-proof renovation is renovation that at the very least incorporates solutions that do not impede future renovations and preferably increase opportunities for renovation”.

The purpose of this study is to gain an insight into how future-proof renovation solutions are for homes built between 1975 and 1991 that are currently being carried out or offered on the market. The study adopts a primarily architectural viewpoint to examine the hypothesis that we first need to be aware of what is architecturally possible and relevant, before it makes sense to answer any further questions.

The key question that this study asks is:
What perspective do available renovation concepts offer housing with respect to futureproof renovation?

In order to answer this question, this study focuses on developing and applying a method of analysis for these renovation solutions in order to identify the distinctive characteristics that increase the future sustainability of renovation solutions and to evaluate the usability of already developed future-proof renovation solutions for this part of the housing stock. This included seeking inspiration from housing designed using the principles of the Foundation for Architects’ Research (SAR). These homes are constructed according to the support and infill system (SDI homes). This makes it possible to carry out renovations to the infill while the supporting structure remains unchanged. The occupants can then change the infill continually.
Work floor experiences of construction partnering in the Netherlands
Authors: Venselaar Marieke
Published: November 2023

This research aims at understanding daily work floor experiences of project leaders of Dutch housing associations who try to apply the principles of SCP. By comparing three cases it was found that: 1) despite the attention, engagement, and effort put into applying the principles of SCP, there are no indications that this lead to fundamental and structural improvement of intra- and inter-organizational collaborations. 2) intra-organizational relationships are just as important as inter-organizational relationships when it comes to implementing principles of SCP. 3) integrative activities are conducted and perceived as not rational, chaotic, contradictory, not finished and/or not followed up. Although the results may provoke practical managerial interventions, we recommend not to come to that kind of managerial interventions too quickly. Instead, we recommend getting actively involved in complex responsive processes that constitute the forming of SCP. In this way, cooperating with supply chain partners becomes a matter of a dynamic and personal process of development, rather than a managerial problem that is abstracted from daily work practice.
Effects of occupant behavior on the energy performance of dwellings
Authors: Ulukavak Harputlugil Gülsu , Bedir Merve
Published: November 2023

Chapter 3 is a sensitivity analysis conducted using the actual heating behavior data of occupants in the OTB sample. The aim was to model heating behavior and heating energy consumption using Markov chains and Monte Carlo methods. Secondly we wanted to evaluate the robustness of energy consumption of a dwelling to heating behaviors such as thermostat, radiator and ventilation control, as well as presence. The results of this Chapter were compared to Guerra Santin’s work (2010), which analyzes the same data using correlation and regression analyses.

This Chapter deals with the Research Question I of this thesis: “Q I. What is the sensitivity of a dwelling’s heating energy consumption to occupant behavior?" The sub-questions are: 1. What are the existing models developed for the occupant behavior and energy performance relationship? and how different are the results of these models in terms of calculating the influence of occupant behavior on energy performance? 2. How can behavior be modelled in order to assess the robustness of the energy performance in dwellings to occupant behavior? 3. What is the weight of each behavioral aspect in terms of its influence on energy consumption?”

The research reported in this Chapter was a collaborative work between Harputlugil and Bedir. The data was collected by a questionnaire prepared by Guerra Santin and Bedir, using OTB’s means of data collection. Data organization and initial statistical analysis was done by Bedir, simulations were conducted by Harputlugil and Bedir together, and finally the evalutation of outputs were done by the same authors. The co-author (G. Harputlugil) has given permission to include this paper in this thesis.
Emergency and relief architecture
Authors: Latka Jerzy F.
Published: November 2023

The deteriorating situation of the inhabitants of many countries, especially in the Near East and Africa, has resulted in a growing number of people being forced to leave their homes. UNHCR has reported that the number of forcibly displaced people increased to 65.6 million in the year 2016 as a result of persecution, conflict, violence or human-rights violations. This was an increase of 6.1 million over the 2014 figure. It was also the highest number on record since the end of World War II. This number increased by 23.1 million in the five years since 2011.

However, in addition to the forcibly displaced people, there are many people who lost their homes because of natural disasters, and those who have become homeless for a variety of other reasons. In the year 2015, 364 natural disasters (not including epidemics and insect infestations) were recorded by EM-DAT (the International Disaster Database), which resulted in 22,773 deaths and 98.6 million affected people. Another global problem is homelessness, i.e., a situation in which people or families cannot afford the kind of shelter that is considered adequate and meets the requirements for a minimal existence. This is a problem that occurs not only in poorer countries, but also in so-called developed countries. The OECD database on affordable housing states that 1,777,308 homeless people were reported in OECD countries in 2015. As it is very hard to define or recognise a homeless person, this number may be ‘off’ by quite a significant margin.

Since 2015 there has been a large influx of people from the Near East and African countries in Europe. This influx has caused the largest migration crisis since World War II. By the end of 2016, Europe was hosting approximately 10.2 million of people of concern, including 6.6 million asylum seekers and refugees, 3 million internally displaced persons (including returnees) and more than 570,000 stateless people. There is a lot of debate on the subject of refugees and immigrants and on the policies in place to help them. However, the political discussion on this is beyond the scope of this work, so the author will not comment on it. The focus of this part of the thesis is on potential architectural solutions for people who find themselves in a difficult housing situation, for whatever reason.

In this thesis, emergency and relief architecture is understood to refer to structures, buildings and infrastructure that support people in need, such as forcibly displaced people, victims of natural disasters or homeless people.

Each of the aforementioned groups requires a different approach with regard to safety, policy and medical or psychological support. Each group is also characterised by different factors. In order to understand the differences, so as to be able to provide the right type of support, it is important that we gain an insight into the characteristics of each group.

Both emergency shelters and temporary houses can be made out of paper components. Depending on the situation, they can be either temporary or semi-permanent shelters or buildings.
Paper domes and shelters
Authors: Latka Jerzy F.
Published: November 2023

This part of the dissertation is dedicated to the practical approach to cardboard as a building material through prototyping. Taking a practical approach here means conducting research by design and prototyping architectural structures in which paper and its derivatives are used as the main structural material. The theoretical research and knowledge presented in the previous chapters of the dissertation will be now used as input.

The research by design and the realised prototypes will guide us to the solution that answers the question to what extent cardboard can be used as a suitable building material for emergency architecture.

The research and development of cardboard architecture used as input for this dissertation were derived from research previously conducted at TU Delft’s Faculty of Architecture. The Cardboard in Architecture research group, which was set up in the department of Building Technology in 2003 and ceased to exist in 2008 due to the great fire that destroyed the building of TU Delft’s Faculty of Architecture (13 May 2008), made a great contribution to this research. The fundamental and technical research was included in the previous chapters. The designs and development of products in the form of prototypes of cardboard structures are presented in this chapter.
Regionalist principles to reduce the urban heat island effect
Authors: Echevarria Icaza Leyre , van der Hoeven Frank
Published: November 2023

Scientists, climatologists, and urban planners have started to recognize the importance of nature at two very different scales: the global (metabolic) and the local (liveability) scales. The regional scale is the one at which these macro and micro approaches overlap. Future predictions foresee an increase of more than 2450 million urban inhabitants by 2050, thus new balanced urban visions need to be developed in order to guarantee the sustainability of urban areas. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is a climate phenomenon resulting from unbalanced urban design arrangements. This paper analyses several design principles proposed by the 1920's regionalists from the UHI perspective. The preservation of the regional geographical landmarks, the implementation of urban containment policies (limiting city sizes), the increase of greenery and the development of green multifunctional blocks would help reduce the UHI in future urban developments.