bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profil Argumentasi Mahasiswa Dalam Melakukan Pembuktian Pada Topik Analisis Kompleks
Authors: Hapipi Hapipi , Azmi Syahrul , Turmuzi Muhammad
Published: December 2019

Tulisan ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian yang dimaksudkan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang profil argumentasi mahasiswa Matematika FKIP Unram dalam melakukan pembuktian matematik. Tulisan ini hanya fokus pada data responden dalam mengembangkan argumen pembuktian pada topik Analisis Kompleks. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa masih mengalami kesulitan dalam menyajikan argumen pembuktian yang valid. Dari 62 responden dalam membuktikan dua pernyataan matematik, diketahui bahwa hanya 24.2% argumen valid, sedangkan sisanya tidak valid, bahkan 14.5% diantaranya tidak menjawab. Kelemahan argumen yang dikembangkan diakibatkan oleh kombinasi antara tidak tepatnya Data maupun Warrant yang digunakan.
Species composition of fungi causing diseases in agricultural plants in agrarian sector of Azerbaijan
Authors: Muradov P.Z. , Shirinova G.F. , Asgerli L.X. , Allahverdiyev E.I. , Gasimov C.F.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the presented work was dedicated to assess the spread of fungal diseases and the species composition of its creators on the plants used for food purposes in the agraraian sector of Azerbaijan. In the research conducted for this purpose, we studied mycobiota of 20 sorts belonging to the 10 species of plants and it was indicated that in the formation of mycobiota of those plants, there was involvement of 57 species of fungi and fungi -like organisms. It was determined that the frequency of occurrence of registered fungi, as well as the prevalence of diseases caused by fungi depending on the plants,  are characterized by the different quantitative indicators. Thus, the total frequency of occurrence fungi varies between 0.02 - 21.2%. Phytosanitary status was assessed according to the degree of spread of diseases caused by fungi. It became clear that the situation today is potentially dangerous. This is also made as a necessary task to develop serious prophylactic measures.
Precision Medicine in the Context of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Rayan Rehab A.
Published: December 2019

Similar to all fields of study, growth occurs with breakthrough or developmental research spanning to the progress and intimate utility of technology. Dilemmas of various sectors have been favorably resolved by adopting artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. Applying Precision Medicine profoundly depends on AI algorithms to work Precision Medicine queries like; predicting or detecting, diagnosing the disease properly, and optimizing therapy, hence, the selection of the algorithm is affected by its capacity and practicality. Nevertheless, it is yet in its initial step and fronts some hurdles crucial to the flourishing deployment of precision medicine like research, adoption values, and authority controls. Notwithstanding, Precision Medicine also pretends some difficulties like; modifying the health discipline and profession to the fact that automata and algorithms could displace most of the healthcare professional tasks they act now. Ultimately, effective employment of precision medicine would rescue countless lives and improve the health profession. This review examines the present state of AI applications in precision medicine and future opportunities. It discusses major AI systems like IBM Watson, examining moral accountability and legal obligations when applying it in clinical decision-making, advantages and boundaries of employing Watson and different AI clinical decision support techniques, and considerations before consulting AI systems.
EVALUASI ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DALAM CATATAN PERKEMBANGAN TERINTEGRASI PADA PASIEN DIABETES MILITUS
Authors: purba sahrila
Published: December 2019

Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang memerlukan upaya penanganan yang tepat dan serius. Penyakit tersebut akan membawa sebagian komplikasi yang serius, seperti penyakit jantung, stroke, disfungsi ereksi, gagal ginjal dan kerusakan system syaraf. Tingginya prevalence penderita diabetes disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan , perubahan gaya hidup dan pola makan merupakan faktor risiko yang menyebabkan tingginya penderita DM sehingga perlu dilakukan Pengetahuan yang baik berdampak pada perawatan diri pasien DM sehingga dapat dicapai kontrol metabolik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa hubungan peran perawat sebagai edukator dengan perawatan diri pasien DM . Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Teknik sampling penelitian ini adalah consecutive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 63 orang. Edukasi yang didapatkan oleh pasien dapat mempengaruhi motivasi pasien sehingga berdampak pada perilaku perawatan diri. Oleh karena itu menjadi penting bagi perawat untuk memberikan edukasi pada pasien DM tipe 2 sehingga perawatan diri pasien menjadi optimal.
Proses dan Teknik Supervisi
Authors: Tjeriawan Chenrika Arabella , Afriansyah Hade
Published: December 2019

Supervision is a process, namely a series of activities that are regular and regular and related to one another and directed at one goal. While the supervision process is a series of activities carried out when conducting supervision.
DASAR HUKUM TINDAKAN KEPERAWATAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Purba Ronita Jayanti
Published: December 2019

Adanya hubungan yang baik dengan semua pihak yang berperan dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan membuat kemudahan untuk mencapai tujuan bersama, yaitu kepuasan dan kesembuhan pasien. Interaksi yang dilakukan perawat kepada pasien sangat diperlukan dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan demi tercapainya unsur kerekatan dan kekeluargaan. Adanya hukum antara pasien dan perawat dimulai dari keperdataan. Untuk mengetahui kedudukan hubungan perawat dan pasien dalam landasan hukum, dapat dilihat pada pasal 1367 KUH Perdata. Secara prinsip, kewenangan perawat dalam melakukan tuags dan profesinya diatur dalam Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 1293/Menkes/SK/XI/2001 tentang Registrasi dan Praktik Perawat. Hal ini dilakukan karena perawat dalam menjalankan tuagsnya tidak akan terlepas dari kewenangannya.
Administrasi keuangan
Authors: Fadila Nelatu
Published: December 2019

this article about Financial Administration is a management effort covering all activities that are closely related to all financial systems to achieve the goals of each company or organization. Good financial administration can have a positive impact on the productivity of an organization or school. Then financial management in a school organization will be well ordered and can produce better outputs. Financial administration is very important and in its management it must be clear so that there will be no suspicion arising from the relevant institution or school, there must be a clear financial report both in and out money
Cara Perawat dalam Melakukan Dokumentasi Pasien
Authors: Siregar Anita Denike
Published: December 2019

AbstrakDalam pelaksanaan proses keperawatan, sebagai tenaga profesional di rumah sakit,dokumentasi keperawatan merupakan langkah yang senantiasa harus dilakukan selama terlaksananya setiap proses keperawatan. Melalui metode deskriptif analitik,pengkaji menelaah lebih dalam mengenai defenisi,tujuan dilakukannya suatu Dokumentasi serta prinsip-prinsip yang harus diperhatikan oleh perawat dalam menuliskan dokumentasi keperawatan sehingga tercapai manfaat optimal dari suatu pendokumentasian,dimana perawat akan semakin memiliki wawasan yang luas mengenai serangkaian proses keperawatan khususnya pendokumentasian.
Proses dan Teknik Supervisi
Authors: Fadila Nelatu
Published: December 2019

This article about Educational supervision is an improvement in the teaching and learning situation, an improvement in the process and student learning outcomes. To achieve this goal the supervisors then use certain techniques with a view to getting to know various problems faced by teachers at school. Because by using the approach or technique in supervision, people will get to know the problem more closely and with the introduction it will be easier to determine which kind of approach or type of approach is most suitable for each problem that must be resolved.
Between sound and speech: Liminal signs in interaction
Authors: Dingemanse Mark
Published: December 2019

When people talk, they recruit a wide range of expressive devices for interactional work, from sighs, sniffs, clicks, and whistles to other conduct that borders on the linguistic. These resources are used in the management of turn and sequence and the marking of stance and affect, and they represent an aspect of the interactional machinery that is as elusive as it is powerful. Phenomena long assumed to be beyond the purview of linguistic inquiry emerge as systematically deployed practices whose ambiguous degree of control and convention allows participants to carry out subtle interactional work without committing to specific words. While these resources have been characterised as non-lexical, non-verbal, or non-conventional, I propose they are unified in their liminality: they work well precisely because they equivocate between sound and speech. The empirical study of liminal signs shows the promise of sequential analysis for building a science of language on interactional foundations.
Profile Of Cardiac Arrhythmia In Nepalese Population By Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Analysis
Authors: Upadhayaya A.B. , Shah R.K. , Regmi P.A. , Bhattarai T.N. , Paudel R.R. , Shrestha U.K. , Acharya K.P. , Khanal H.H. , Shrestha D
Published: December 2019

Effective management of Cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances requires accurate identification of the specific rhythm disturbances, analysis of the clinical settings in which they occur and identification of a safe and effective endpoint of therapy. Some arrhythmias are hazardous to the patient regardless of the clinical Settings (e.g. ventricular fibrillation), where as others are hazardous because of the clinical settings (e.g. rapidly conducted atrial librillation in patient with severe coronary artery stenosis) Present study aims al determining profile of cardiac arrhythmias in patients, attending a private hospital.
Rheumatic Valvular Lesions: Surgical Interventions
Authors: Koirala B , Koirala R , Sharma J , Pradhan S , Acharya A , Sharma P , Rai K
Published: December 2019

This is a retrospective study of the patients with the diagnosis of Rheumatic Valvular Lesions, who had undergone surgical treatment at SGNHC between Aug 2001 and Jan 2004, The data was collected from the in-hospital records maintained for individual patient.
Biventricular Pacing in Congestive Heart Failure: Follow-up Data
Authors: Naik N , Yadav R , Juneja R , Roy A , Anandraja S
Published: December 2019

Biventricular (BV) pacing is a promising option for patients with advanced heart failure and electromechanical conduction delay. We present our experience in 17 patients. 19 patients underwent the implant procedure at our institute: 3 others had their implant elsewhere and were on our follow-up. The mean age was 46.6+10.7 years and 14 were males. A conventional indication for pacing was present in 8; 4 of them had previously received a pacemaker. All had severe LV dysfunction. The implant procedure was successful in 12/14- in one the CS lead could not be anchored satisfactorily and a dual chamber device was inserted.
Infrasonic waves and assessment of energy of explosion of Beringovomorsky meteoroid on December 19, 2018
Authors: Gordeev E. I. , Kulichkov S. N. , Firstov P. P. , Popov O. E. , Chunchuzov I. P. , Budilov D. I. , Chebrov D. V.
Published: December 2019

On December 18, 2018 at 23:48 UTC in the Earths atmosphere, at the height of 25,6 km over the Bering sea, destruction of a meteoroid with formation of a shockwave occurred. The mass of the Beringovomorsky meteoroid is estimated as 1600 tons, and its diameter is estimated as 9-14 meters. If assessment is right, then for the last 30 years it was the second in energy explosion of a space body in the Earths atmosphere. The nearest to the epicenter of meteoroid explosion station of the international system of infrasonic monitoring (IS44 station) is located on the Kamchatka peninsula at a distance of 1024 km. At IS44 station, an infrasonic signal from destruction of a meteoroid was registered. In this paper, the results of analysis of the infrasonic signal registered by IS44 are represented and the estimation of energy of this event is carried out.
Electrostimulation has a positive effect on the knee function after knee arthroscopic surgery: A randomized trial
Authors: Skowron Marta , Kociuga Jerzy , Domzalski Marcin
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: There is a wide range of rehabilitation protocols after knee arthroscopic procedures, mainly based on specialist exercises. They comprise of specific stages and key moments but should also be individualized and adjusted to the patient’s needs. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the BodyFlow device impact on physical and psychological functioning of the subjects after knee arthroscopy. METHODS: Ninety three patients were randomly divided into the study and control group. Each study group subject performed mild electrostimulation using the BodyFlow device for three weeks, five times a day for 20 minutes along with the standard rehabilitation protocol. Control group subjects were treated according to the standard rehabilitation protocol after knee arthroscopy. Healthy and operated lower limb size, a range of the knee joint motion, and the flexor and extensor strength were measured 3, 6, and 9 weeks after arthroscopy. At each measurement, the SF-36 and KOOS surveys were collected. RESULTS: On study day 21, a positive, statistically significant, difference in the knee joint size, range of flection and extension, flexor and extensor strength as well as all KOOS survey subscales and physical functioning categories included in the SF-36 survey was observed. On study day 63, positive effects persisted and significant differences in other categories included in the SF-36 survey were observed. CONCLUSION: Application of mild electrostimulation using the BodyFlow device has a positive impact on the swelling in the knee joint region, range of motion, extensor and flexor strength as well as physical, psychological, and social functioning.
Efficiency of active therapy for low back pain in elderly men
Authors: Kabała Tomasz , Giemza Czesław
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Restoration of functionality in patients with low back pain is one of the most important rehabilitation and societal problems. The aim of this study was to verify the results of the DBC (Documentation Based Care) method used in elderly men. METHOD: This study evaluated the efficiency of DBC treatment on the basis of spinal mobility in sagittal, frontal and transverse planes and a subjective assessment of pain. There were two research groups: one with 187 men over the age of 65, and the other with 187 men under the age of 65. The patients in the study were carefully selected. All subjects suffered from chronic, non-specific low back pain lasting for a period of at least three months. CONCLUSION: The conducted analyses confirmed that a functional restoration process improved spinal mobility in all planes of movement, decreased pain and functional limitations, and reduced the level of depression.
Alzheimer’s Disease and Helicobacter pylori Infection: Inflammation from Stomach to Brain?
Authors: Albaret Guillaume , Sifré Elodie , Floch Pauline , Laye Sophie , Aubert Agnès , Dubus Pierre , Azzi-Martin Lamia , Giese Alban , Salles Nathalie , Mégraud Francis , Varon Christine , Lehours Philippe , Roubaud-Baudron Claire
Published: December 2019

Despite extensive research, the origin of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unknown. The role of infectious pathogens has recently emerged. Epidemiological studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of developing AD. We hypothesized that H. pylori-induced gastritis may be associated with a systemic inflammation and finally neuroinflammation. C57BL/6 mice were infected with H. pylori ( n = 15) or Helicobacter felis ( n = 13) or left uninfected ( n = 9) during 18 months. Gastritis, amyloid deposition, astroglial and microglial cell area, and systemic and brain cytokines were assessed. The infection ( H. felis> H. pylori) induced a severe gastritis and an increased neuroinflammation but without brain amyloid deposition or systemic inflammation.
Latent Cognitive Profiles Differ Between Incipient Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia with Subcortical Vascular Lesions in a Memory Clinic Population
Authors: Göthlin Mattias , Eckerström Marie , Lindwall Magnus , Rolstad Sindre , Eckerström Carl , Jonsson Michael , Kettunen Petronella , Svensson Johan , Wallin Anders
Published: December 2019

Background:

It is unclear if latent cognitive profiles can distinguish between dementia with subcortical vascular lesions and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at the incipient stage, and if they differ in performance from the Petersen subtypes.

Objective:

To identify latent cognitive profiles in a naturalistic population of patients from a memory clinic sample, and investigate the derived classes not only in terms of conversion to AD, but also in terms of conversion to dementia with subcortical vascular lesions. Another objective was to compare the derived classes to the Petersen subtypes.

Methods:

We performed a latent profile analysis (LPA) on standardized neuropsychological test scores from 476 memory clinic patients (age 64±8) without dementia, and analyzed progression to dementia after 2 years.

Results:

The LPA resulted in two classes with impaired cognition (Amnestic and Slow/Dysexecutive) and two classes with normal cognition (Normal-Low and Normal-High cognition). Belonging to the Amnestic class predicted progression to all-cause dementia and to AD; belonging to the Slow/Dysexecutive class predicted progression to all-cause dementia, AD, and dementia with subcortical vascular lesions. Of the Petersen MCI subtypes, only amnestic multi-domain MCI predicted progression to all-cause dementia, AD, and dementia with subcortical vascular lesions.

Conclusion:

Latent cognitive profiles separated between AD and dementia with subcortical vascular lesions, while the Petersen subtypes did not. However, similar to the Petersen subtypes, LPA classes work better for ruling out progression to dementia than for case finding.
Comparative Cognitive Effects of Choreographed Exercise and Multimodal Physical Therapy in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Bisbe Marta , Fuente-Vidal Andrea , López Elisabet , Moreno Marta , Naya Marian , de Benetti Claudio , Milà Raimon , Bruna Olga , Boada Mercè , Alegret Montserrat
Published: December 2019

Background:

Recent research on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has primarily focused on searching for measures to prevent or delay the progression of MCI to dementia. Physical exercise has shown to be effective in the prevention of age-related cognitive decline in elderly adults with MCI. However, the most effective type and dose of exercise for the improvement of cognition are yet to be determined.

Objective:

To compare the cognitive effects of choreographed exercise (Choreography group) with a multimodal physical therapy program (Physical Therapy group) in elderly adults with amnestic MCI, a population with an increased risk of developing dementia.

Methods:

We conducted a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups under allocation concealment and assessor blinding. Participants were allocated into Choreography or Physical Therapy group and performed exercises twice per week in 60-minute sessions during 12 weeks.

Results:

Thirty-six participants with amnestic MCI, ages 65 to 85, were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, by comprehensive validated neuropsychological and physical assessments. A Repeated measures General Lineal Model showed statistically significant differences in cognitive and physical outcomes. Both groups significantly improved in visual delayed recall. The Choreography group exhibited significantly more benefits on verbal recognition memory than the Physical Therapy group.

Conclusion:

Greater cognitive benefits were achieved in the choreographic intervention than in the multimodal physical therapy, mainly in those functions more related to the risk of conversion to dementia. Additional studies are needed to confirm whether the observed effects are related to delayed onset of Alzheimer’s disease in elderly adults with amnestic MCI.
Amyloid-β as a Blood Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Wang Xiaoni , Sun Yu , Li Taoran , Cai Yanning , Han Ying
Published: December 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the main cause of dementia, is characterized by the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ). This pathophysiological process starts many years to decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and amyloid positron emission tomography scans are two standard methods to measure brain Aβ, but their invasive nature and expense limit their usage as screening tools. Therefore, peripheral Aβ studies have grown exponentially during the past few years. In this review, we discuss recent studies on plasma Aβ and its potential as a reliable biomarker of AD.
Neural Correlates of Cognitive Performance in Alzheimer’s Disease- and Lewy Bodies-Related Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Chung Seok Jong , Jeon Seun , Yoo Han Soo , Lee Yang Hyun , Yun Mijin , Lee Seung-Koo , Lee Phil Hyu , Sohn Young Ho , Evans Alan C. , Ye Byoung Seok
Published: December 2019

Background:

Clinicopathological studies have demonstrated that the neuropsychological profiles and outcomes are different between two dementia subtypes, namely Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy bodies-related disease.

Objective:

We investigated the neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction in patients with AD-related cognitive impairment (ADCI) and those with Lewy bodies-related cognitive impairment (LBCI).

Methods:

We enrolled 216 ADCI patients, 183 LBCI patients, and 30 controls. Cortical thickness and diffusion tensor imaging analyses were performed to correlate gray matter and white matter (WM) abnormalities to cognitive composite scores for memory, visuospatial, and attention/executive domains in the ADCI spectrum (ADCI patients and controls) and the LBCI spectrum (LBCI patients and controls) separately.

Results:

Memory dysfunction correlated with cortical thinning and increased mean diffusivity in the AD-prone regions, particularly the medial temporal region, in ADCI. Meanwhile, it only correlated with increased mean diffusivity in the WM adjacent to the anteromedial temporal, insula, and basal frontal cortices in LBCI. Visuospatial dysfunction correlated with cortical thinning in posterior brain regions in ADCI, while it correlated with decreased fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum and widespread WM regions in LBCI. Attention/executive dysfunction correlated with cortical thinning and WM abnormalities in widespread brain regions in both disease spectra; however, ADCI had more prominent correlation with cortical thickness and LBCI did with fractional anisotropy values.

Conclusions:

Our study demonstrated that ADCI and LBCI have different neural correlates with respect to cognitive dysfunction. Cortical thinning had greater effects on cognitive dysfunction in the ADCI, while WM disruption did in the LBCI.
Senescence and Inflammatory Markers for Predicting Clinical Progression in Parkinson’s Disease: The ICICLE-PD Study
Authors: Martin-Ruiz Carmen , Williams-Gray Caroline H. , Yarnall Alison J. , Boucher John J. , Lawson Rachael A. , Wijeyekoon Ruwani S. , Barker Roger A. , Kolenda Claire , Parker Craig , Burn David J. , Von Zglinicki Thomas , Saretzki Gabriele
Published: December 2019

Background:

Cognitive decline is a frequent complication of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the identification of predictive biomarkers for it would help in its management.

Objective:

Our aim was to analyse whether senescence markers (telomere length, p16 and p21) or their change over time could help to better predict cognitive and motor progression of newly diagnosed PD patients. We also compared these senescence markers to previously analysed markers of inflammation for the same purpose.

Methods:

This study examined the association of blood-derived markers of cell senescence and inflammation with motor and cognitive function over time in an incident PD cohort (the ICICLE-PD study). Participants (154 newly diagnosed PD patients and 99 controls) underwent physical and cognitive assessments over 36 months of follow up. Mean leukocyte telomere length and the expression of senescence markers p21 and p16 were measured at two time points (baseline and 18 months). Additionally, we selected five inflammatory markers from existing baseline data.

Results:

We found that PD patients had shorter telomeres at baseline and 18 months compared to age-matched healthy controls which also correlated to dementia at 36 months. Baseline p16 levels were associated with faster rates of motor and cognitive decline over 36 months in PD cases, while a simple inflammatory summary score at baseline best predicted cognitive score over this same time period in PD patients.

Conclusion:

Our study suggests that both inflammatory and senescence markers (p16) are valuable predictors of clinical progression in PD patients.
Determinants of Low Body Mass Index in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Multicenter Case-Control Study
Authors: Suzuki Keisuke , Okuma Yasuyuki , Uchiyama Tomoyuki , Miyamoto Masayuki , Haruyama Yasuo , Kobashi Gen , Sakakibara Ryuji , Shimo Yasushi , Hatano Taku , Hattori Nobutaka , Yamamoto Toshimasa , Hirano Shigeki , Yamamoto Tatsuya , Kuwabara Satoshi , Kaji Yoshiaki , Fujita Hiroaki , Kadowaki Taro , Hirata Koichi
Published: December 2019

Background:

In Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, the factors related to weight loss remain unclear.

Objective:

To investigate determinants of low body mass index (BMI) in PD patients.

Methods:

We identified factors associated with low BMI in PD patients in a multicenter case-control study. A total of 435 PD patients and 401 controls were included.

Results:

The mean BMI was significantly lower in PD patients than in controls (22.0±3.4 kg/m2 vs. 25.4±4.3 kg/m2), with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 3.072 (95% CI, 2.103–4.488; p < 0.001) for low BMI (<22 kg/m2) in PD. Compared to the high-BMI PD group (>22 kg/m2), the low-BMI PD group (<22 kg/m2) had more women; a longer disease duration; higher revised Movement Disorder Society Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) II and IV scores; an increased levodopa equivalent dose (LED); and increased constipation, visual hallucination, dysphagia, dyskinesia and wearing off rates. There were no between-group differences in depression, anhedonia, apathy, sleep problems and daytime sleepiness. Multivariable analysis showed that visual hallucination (AOR, 2.408; 95% CI, 1.074–5.399; p = 0.033) and the MDS-UPDRS IV (AOR, 1.155; 95% CI, 1.058–1.260; p = 0.001) contributed to low BMI after controlling for clinical factors. In a second model, visual hallucination (AOR, 2.481; 95% CI, 1.104–5.576; p = 0.028) and dyskinesia (sum of the MDS-UPDRS 4.3–4.6) (AOR, 1.319; 95% CI, 1.043–1.668; p = 0.021) significantly contributed to low BMI.

Conclusion:

PD patients were 3 times more likely than healthy controls to have a low BMI. Motor complications, particularly dyskinesia, and visual hallucination were significantly associated with low BMI in PD patients.
Deferoxamine and Curcumin Loaded Nanocarriers Protect Against Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity
Authors: Mursaleen Leah , Somavarapu Satyanarayana , Zariwala Mohammed Gulrez
Published: December 2019

Background:

Reduced glutathione and excess free iron within dopaminergic, substantia nigra neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can drive accumulation of toxic hydroxyl radicals resulting in sustained oxidative stress and cellular damage. Factors such as brain penetrance and bioavailability have limited the advancement of potential antioxidant and iron chelator therapies for PD.

Objective:

This study aimed to develop novel nanocarrier delivery systems for the antioxidant curcumin and/or iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) to protect against rotenone-induced changes in cell viability and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells.

Methods:

Nanocarriers of curcumin and/or DFO were prepared using Pluronic F68 (P68) with or without dequilinium (DQA) by modified thin-film hydration. Cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay and oxidative stress was measured using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and cellular antioxidant activity assays.

Results:

All formulations demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (65–96%) and nanocarrier size was <200 nm. 3-h pretreatment with P68 or P68+DQA nanocarriers containing various concentrations of curcumin and/or DFO significantly protected against rotenone-reduced cell viability. The addition of DFO to curcumin-loaded P68+DQA nanocarriers resulted in increased protection by at least 10%. All nanoformulations significantly protected against rotenone-induced lipid peroxidation ( p < 0.0001). The addition of DQA, which targets mitochondria, resulted in up to 65% increase in cellular antioxidant activity. In nearly all preparations, the combination of 10 μM curcumin and 100 μM DFO had the most antioxidant activity.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates for the first time the formulation and delivery using P68 and P68+DQA curcumin and/or DFO nanocarriers to protect against oxidative stress induced by a rotenone PD model. This strategy to combine antioxidants with iron chelators may provide a novel approach to fully utilise their therapeutic benefit for PD.
Ethnic Variation in the Manifestation of Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ben-Joseph Aaron , Marshall Charles R. , Lees Andrew J. , Noyce Alastair J.
Published: December 2019

The global prevalence of Parkinson’s disease is increasing, yet the characteristics, risk factors and genetics of PD in Black, Asian and Hispanic populations is little understood. In this paper we review the published literature on clinical variation in the symptoms and signs of Parkinson’s disease in different ethnic groups and responses to treatment. We included any study that sampled patients with Parkinson’s disease from distinct ethnic backgrounds. We conclude that whilst there is little published evidence for ethnic variation in the clinical features of Parkinson’s disease, there are substantial limitations and gaps in the current literature, which mean that the evidence does necessarily not fit with clinical observation. Possible explanations for expected differences in manifestation include genetic determinants, the co-existence of cerebrovascular disease and/or Alzheimer’s disease pathology, healthcare inequalities and socio-cultural factors.
Integrated Plasma and Neuroimaging Biomarkers Associated with Motor and Cognition Severity in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Chih-Hao , Lee Bo-Ching , Lin Chin-Hsien
Published: December 2019

Background/Objective:

Easily accessible biomarkers are crucial for disease-modifying clinical trials in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We investigated integrated plasma and neuroimaging biomarkers correlating with motor and cognitive severity in PD patients.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study enrolled 170 participants (12 controls and 158 PD patients). Plasma α-synuclein and neurofilament light chain (NfL) level, and global and regional cortical thickness (CTh) on brain MRI were analyzed to predict advanced motor stage (Hoehn & Yahr stage ≥3), and PD dementia (PDD, MMSE score <26).

Results:

Plasma α-synuclein and NfL levels were higher in PD patients than controls (both P < 0.0001 for α-synuclein and NfL). Plasma NfL levels were significantly elevated in patients with advanced motor stage ( P = 0.008) or PDD; α-synuclein was elevated in the advanced motor stage group. Global CTh was thinner in patients with PDD than controls (2.33±0.19 mm vs 2.43±0.14 mm, P = 0.06). Among PD patients, higher α-synuclein was associated with thinner limbic CTh, whereas higher NfL was associated with thinner temporal CTh and insular CTh. The accuracy of predicting advanced motor stage using age and sex alone (area under the curve [AUC] 0.63) was significantly improved by the addition of plasma α-synuclein and NfL, and temporal and insula CTh (full model, AUC 0.77, P = 0.004). The accuracy of predicting PDD using age and sex alone (AUC 0.82) increased by incorporating plasma α-synuclein and NfL, and temporal and insula CTh as full model (AUC 0.87, P = 0.047).

Conclusions:

Integrated plasma and neuroimaging biomarkers reflect both motor and cognitive aspects of PD severity.
Valued and received forms of support among Swedish working carers of older people: A descriptive study with focus on ICT-mediated support
Authors: Andersson Stefan , McKee Kevin , Magnusson Lennart , Erlingsson Christen , Hanson Elizabeth
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Working family carers are an important resource for the care of older people but can experience negative pressures without support. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the perceived value of forms of support and the level of receipt of valued forms of support among Swedish working carers, with a focus on information and communication technology (ICT)-mediated support. METHODS: A convenience sample (N= 129) of working carers caring for an older (⩾ 65 years) relative completed a web-based questionnaire that addressed: caring characteristics; work-care conflict; and valued and received forms of support. RESULTS: Overall non-ICT forms of support were the most highly valued, while receipt of valued support was low: on average only 16.9% of participants who valued ICT-mediated forms of support received such support, while the figure was only slightly higher (23.4%) for non-ICT forms of support. Higher levels of work-care conflict were associated with higher perceived value of support for 13 out of fourteen forms of support. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that ICT-mediated and non-ICT forms of support should be regarded as complementary, while the low level of receipt of valued forms of support could indicate high levels of unmet need in working carers. Implications for further research and policy on working carers are considered.
Os Annales Além Da Historiografia
Authors: Dendasck Carla Viana
Published: December 2019

A escola dos Annales (1929-1989) foi apontada por Peter Burke como “a revolução francesa da historiografia”. Assim, dentro das elucidações de Peter Burke, este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma reflexão sobre uma revista que foi capaz de reunir grandes mentes e se tornar um fenômeno que impulsionou não apenas um movimento acadêmico generalizado, mas também, impulsionou uma nova forma de fazer história, influenciando direta ou indiretamente as demais ciências que se sentiram de alguma forma enriquecidas, e/ou inspirada com os Annales, ultrapassando as fronteiras da Europa, e, servindo de inspiração e (re) direcionamento até os dias atuais. Como metodologia, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa partindo da obra de Peter Burke, e perpassando por algumas influências que os Annales foram exercendo até ser considerada uma escola. A justificativa para o desenvolvimento deste estudo reflexivo está na necessidade de construir uma memória que além de servir como reconhecimento da construção da história e, das demais ciências, também pode servir como base de lições de ações que impulsionam movimentos, capazes de quebrar obstáculos, e, mudar os caminhos de pensamento de uma sociedade. Na conclusiva, observa-se que os Annales através de suas mentes transcenderam o contexto da historiografia.
The Role of Psychotherapy in the German Health Care System: Training Requirements for Psychological Psychotherapists and Child and Adolescent Psychotherapists, Legal Aspects, and Health Care Implementation
Authors: Melcop Nikolaus , von Werder Thomas , Sarubin Nina , Benecke Andrea
Published: December 2019

In Germany every citizen must acquire either public or private health insurance from companies which then cover the expenses for psychotherapeutic in-patient and out-patient treatments within a given set of regulations. Since the commencement of the Psychotherapists' Law in 1999, psychological psychotherapists and child and adolescent psychotherapists are permitted to diagnose and treat mental disorders with psychotherapy under their own responsibility as a legally defined healing profession. Psychotherapists have to use scientifically approved psychotherapeutic approaches for treatment. The qualification and licensure of psychotherapists are highly regulated by the Psychotherapists' Law, which is currently undergoing a process of change.

2.86 million patients are in outpatient or inpatient psychotherapeutic care per year in Germany, tendency rising.

Psychotherapeutic care is highly regulated, only scientifically approved approaches are admitted.

Psychological and child and adolescent psychotherapists treat patients under their own responsibility.

Future courses of study and advanced training for psychotherapists will be similarly structured to those of the medical profession.

2.86 million patients are in outpatient or inpatient psychotherapeutic care per year in Germany, tendency rising.

Psychotherapeutic care is highly regulated, only scientifically approved approaches are admitted.

Psychological and child and adolescent psychotherapists treat patients under their own responsibility.

Future courses of study and advanced training for psychotherapists will be similarly structured to those of the medical profession.
Control de potencia y velocidad de rotación de un aerogenerador usando controladores predictivos
Authors: Ruiz Álvarez Semaria , Espinosa Jairo José
Published: December 2019

La estabilidad de los sistemas de potencia, en los cuales se implementan fuentes renovables como la eólica, es un área de gran atención en la actualidad ya que se requiere cumplir con una calidad en el servicio energético suministrado, y las fuentes renovables, ante su variabilidad en la potencia generada por la dependencia de las condiciones climáticas, pueden afectar dicha calidad. Por esta razón, es necesario aplicar estrategias de control que permitan realizar una integración de las fuentes renovables para tratar de minimizar los efectos adversos de estas sobre la red y que además admitan incluir los límites operativos de estas fuentes para evitar daños en ellas. En este trabajo se plantean dos estrategias de control, LQPC y GPC, para controlar la velocidad angular y el torque de un aerogenerador con el objetivo de garantizar un determinado valor para la potencia de salida de este y evitar variaciones bruscas en la velocidad angular que puedan generar desgaste o estrés mecánico.
Le Brazidec, Gwénael, «René Capitant, Cari Schmitt: Crise et réforme du parlamentarisme de Weimar à la cinquième République» (Recensión)
Authors: Guillen Kalle Gabriel
Published: December 2019

Recensión de la obra: Gwénaël le Bpvazidec: René Capitani, Cari Schmitt: Crise et réforme du parlamentarisme de weimar à la cinquiéme république, con prólogo de Jacques Chevalier, Editions l'harmattan, Paris, 1998, 309 págs.
Ortega Gutiérrez, David, «Derecho a la información versus derecho al honor» (Recensión)
Authors: Arnaldo Alcubilla Enrique
Published: December 2019

Recensión de la obra: David Ortega Gutiérrez: derecho a la información versus derecho al honor, Madrid, Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 1999, 231 páginas.
La labor de la Comisión Especial del Senado español sobre redes informáticas con relación al derecho a la intimidad
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez José Julio
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: 1. Introducción. II. Origen y fines de la Comisión. III. Derecho a la intimidad e informática. IV. Criptografía e interceptación. V. Otras agresiones. VI. El reto de los poderes públicos vs. retirada del Derecho. VII Las comparecencias. VIII. Reflexiones finales.
Asking “Why” and “How”: A Historical Turn in Refugee Education Research
Authors: Monaghan Christine
Published: December 2019

History has much to offer education in emergencies (EiE) scholars and practitioners. Most EiE research comprises qualitative case studies and, to a lesser extent, quantitative experimental studies, both of which tend to focus on either the impact of interventions or whether education processes or structures are a cause or effect of conflict. I argue that historical approaches enable researchers to ask different questions, to construct a narrative that establishes why specific policies and programs for refugee education were developed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees or in particular refugee camps or settlements, and to determine why and how the field has changed over time. This enables the researcher to consider why and how policy and programmatic changes often have not brought lasting change to the challenges of refugee education, and to critically consider what future changes might be possible. In this article, I make the case for a turn to historical approaches in refugee education research by providing an example of how I used historical methods to reconstruct the education narrative of Kenya’s Dadaab and Kakuma refugee camps.
Access to Higher Education: Reflections on a Participatory Design Process with Refugees
Authors: Abu-Amsha Oula , Gordon Rebecca , Benton Laura , Vasalou Mina , Webster Ben
Published: December 2019

Refugees face significant challenges in accessing higher education. It is clear that new and diverse solutions are needed that both understand and address the contextual barriers to higher education access for refugees. In keeping with new approaches in the wider humanitarian community, which recognize the role communities can play in creating new education solutions, our organization sought to employ participatory design methods in the development of a new program to support access to higher education for refugees in the Middle East (mainly in Jordan and Lebanon). This note provides insights into the implementation of the participatory process and details the impact the participatory approach had on the design of our programs. Finally, we highlight the need for gender-balanced recruitment strategies through our reflection on the impact of the design of the participatory process on those participating. Finally, we highlight the need for gender-balanced recruitment strategies and reflect on how the design of the participatory process benefited the participants and the initiating organization.
Comprehensive Stroke Education Program (CSEP) on Knowledge and Quality of Life among Patients with Stroke and Burden among Caregivers
Authors: Nagarajan Baminidevi
Published: December 2019

Stroke is a global health problem. Rehabilitation is a major part of patient care. The statistics on Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) quoted by
world health organization projects that nearly 15 million people suffer from stroke worldwide each year. Of these, 5 million die and another 5
million are permanently disabled. High blood pressure contributes to more than 12.7 million strokes worldwide. Study objectives were to
determine the effectiveness of CSEP on knowledge and Quality of Life (QoL) among patients with stroke and to evaluate the effectiveness of
CSEP on knowledge and burden among caregivers. This study was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre (SRMC), Chennai-600 116. It
is a 1675 bedded multi-specialty hospital. The pretest was conducted in neurology wards and the posttest was conducted at neurology OPD.
Permission obtained from ethical committee. Randomized controlled trial research method was adopted. Sample size was 170 dyads
(patient+caregiver) in those 85 dyads in each group were recruited by lottery method. Following pretest, CSEP was implemented to the study
group dyads. Posttests were taken on 30th day, 90th day and 180th day at neurology OPD for both the groups. Comparison of mean scores of
knowledge on stroke between the study and control group showed the level of knowledge found to be high among study group patients at
p<0.001. The mean scores of ADL in the study group was statistically significant at p<0.05 level. The mean scores of Physical Component
Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) showed statistically significant at p<0.05. Overall mean scores of Stroke Specific
Quality of Life (SSQOL) in the study group were found to be significant at p<0.01. Study group caregiver’s knowledge on stroke was statistically
significant at p<0.01. The burden mean scores were higher among control group than the study group caregiver.
Phase Space Analysis of Pig Ear Skin Temperature during Air and Road Transport
Authors: Garrido-Izard Miguel , Correa Eva-Cristina , Requejo José-María , Villarroel Morris , Diezma Belén
Published: December 2019

High or variable ambient temperature can affect thermal regulation in livestock, but few studies have studied thermal variability during air and road transport, partly due to the lack of tools to compare thermal data from a long time series over periods of different duration. In this study, we recorded the ear skin temperature (EST) of 11 Duroc breeder pigs (7 females and 4 males) during commercial intercontinental transport from Canada to Spain, which included both road and aircraft travel and lasted 65 h. The EST was measured using a logger placed inside the left ear. Phase space diagrams EST, that is EST time series vs. itself delayed in time, were used to quantify the variability of the time-temperature series based on the areas that included all the points in the phase space. Phase space areas were significantly higher for all the animals during air travel, almost doubling that of road transport. Using the phase spaces, we identified an event during air transport that lasted 57 min, leading to a general decrease in EST by 8 °C, with respect to the average EST (34.1 °C). We also found that thermal variability was more stable in males (F = 20.81, p = 0.0014), which were also older and heavier.
Integrated Procedure for Monitoring and Assessment of Linear Infrastructures Safety (I-Pro MONALISA) Affected by Slope Instability
Authors: Infante Donato , Di Martire Diego , Calcaterra Domenico , Miele Pietro , Scotto di Santolo Anna , Ramondini Massimo
Published: December 2019

The occurrence of geological events such as landslides is one of the main causes of damage along linear infrastructures: Damage to transport infrastructures, as roads, bridges, and railways, can restrict their optimal functions and contribute to traffic accidents. The frequent and accurate monitoring of slope instability phenomena and of their interaction with existing man-made infrastructures plays a key role in risk prevention and mitigation activities. In this way, the use of high-resolution X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, characterized by short revisiting times, has demonstrated to be a powerful tool for a periodical noninvasive monitoring of ground motion and superstructure stability, aimed at improving the efficiency of inspection, repairing, and rehabilitation efforts. In the present work, we suggest a semiautomatic GIS approach, which, by using satellite radar interferometry data and results of geomorphological field survey integrated in a qualitative vulnerability matrix, allows to identify sections with different levels of damage susceptibility, where detailed conventional in situ measurements are required for further analysis. The procedure has been tested to investigate landslide-induced effects on a linear infrastructure in Campania Region (Italy), the Provincial Road “P.R. 264”, which is affected, along its linear development, by several slope instabilities. COSMO-SkyMed interferometric products, as indicator of ground kinematics, and results of in situ damage survey, as indicator of consequences, have been merged in a qualitative 4 × 4 matrix, thus obtaining a vulnerability zoning map along a linear infrastructure in January 2015. Furthermore, an updating of landslide inventory map is provided: In addition to 24 official landslides pre-mapped in 2012, 30 new events have been identified, and corresponding intensity and state of activity has been detected.