bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TSENTROBALT MEMBER: REVISING THE REVOLUTIONARY BIOGRAPHY OF A SARAPUL-BORN MAXIMALIST
Authors: Bekherev S. L. , Bekhereva L. N.
Published: December 2019

The article addresses the problem of mastering the anthropological approach and the biographical method in studying the events of early Soviet history. This research aimed to reconstruct the life path of a member of the Central Committee of the Baltic Fleet (Tsentrobalt), one of the leaders of the Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists Pavel Agafangelovich Krasnopyorov, who was born in Sarapul Prikamye. The study relies on official documents, periodical press of the Russian Civil War period, sources of private origin, including protocols of the Red Guards and Red Partisans committees, publication in such Soviet, Red Army and party newspapers as Volya, Truzhenik and Borba, memoirs of Krasnopyorov’s wife A.D. Krasnopyorova-Egorova-Zamytskaya, memoirs of prisoners of the Death Barges P.M. Nevler and A. Ralnikovs and others. Many of sources were first introduced into scientific discourse. The materials and conclusions were compared with historiographic results obtained by other authors. The analysis of historical evidence revealed how Krasnopyorov, who was born in a poor peasant family in the village Chernovo in Arzamastsevsky volost, Sarapul uyezd, Vyatka governorate, Russian Empire, rose to become a statesperson and a party leader at the regional level. Commissioned by Tsentrobalt and Petrosoviet, he actively contributed to the establishment of Soviet power in the Kama region and was killed by his enemies during the Izhevsk-Votkinsk Uprising in October 1918. The findings can be useful for those who study biographies of historical figures of the same period, helping to understand and evaluate their place and role in the socio-political process without bias.
BEREZOV UYEZD IN 1595: THE REBELLION OF «FOREIGNERS» AND THE SERVICE PEOPLE
Authors: Solodkin Ya. G.
Published: December 2019

In 1595, shortly after founding, the Berezov fort was besieged by the Ostyaks (probably under the command of the Kunovat-Lyapin prince Shatrov Luguev) and the Samoeds. A quarter century later, three servicemen from Berezov evidenced in the Kazan Prikaz that the siege, during which the ‘foreigners’ burned the fort, lasted over six months. Contrary to the common opinion, the reliability of this evidence can be doubted because it does not completely agree with the news on Shatrov Luguev’s assault of Berezov in 1594-1595. Moreover, the garrison of the fortress on the Severnaya Sosva river was rather numerous (three hundred Cossacks and ‘Lithuanians’) and it is likely that they were able to make the assaulters retreat. The agitation among the local Ostyaks and Samoyeds subsided, probably, only a few months later, and Moscow considered it expedient to send a punitive detachment, commanded by Prince P.I. Gorchakov, to the Urals. In 1596, together with the Kodi Ostyaks and, apparently, the Berezovites, Gorchakov defeated the Obdor principality and founded the Obdor (Nosovoy) fort.
Динаміка популяцій короїдів у соснових лісах Житомирської області
Authors: Andreieva O. Yu. , Vyshnevskyi A. V. , Boliujh S. V.
Published: December 2019

Установлено, що у всиханні соснових насаджень Житомирської області відіграють роль короїди, які заселяють дерева, ослаблені внаслідок посух і надмірного антропогенного навантаження. Висловлено гіпотезу, що після посухи 2009 р. відбулося два спалахи різних угруповань короїдів. Для підтвердження цієї гіпотези проаналізовано динаміку за 2013-2019 рр. популяційних показників найпоширеніших видів під час їхнього масового розмноження у лісах Житомирської області: великого (Tomicus piniperda) та малого (T. minor) соснових лубоїдів, а також верхівкового (Ips acuminatus) й шестизубчастого (I sexdentatus) короїдів. Під час аналізу даних стосовно поширеності, щільності поселення, продукції й енергії розмноження цих видів, одержаних на 550 палетках із 61 модельного дерева, з'ясовано, що в комплексі короїдів в осередках всихання до 2014 р. переважали соснові лубоїди, а з 2015 р. – верхівковий і шестизубчастий короїди, які мають декілька поколінь на рік. Показано, що основні тенденції розвитку комплексу короїдів у соснових насадженнях Житомирської області в роки досліджень визначала динаміка популяцій домінантного виду – верхівкового короїда. Значення показників поширеності, щільності поселень, продукції та енергії розмноження короїдів свідчать про посилення з 2016 р. внутрішньовидової конкуренції в популяції верхівкового короїда, а у 2018-2019 рр. – також міжвидової конкуренції. З огляду на дію конкуренції та накопиченням ентомофагів в осередках всихання варто очікувати згасання спалахів масового розмноження короїдів.
Метод просторового розміщення пожежонебезпечних ділянок на підставі даних дистанційного зондування землі
Authors: Havrys A. P. , Moreniuk R. Ya. , Harasymiuk I. M.
Published: December 2019

Проаналізовано дані дистанційного зондування Землі зі супутника MODIS, на яких відображається інфрачервоний спектр температур у вигляді точок (загорянь) на території Австралії. Встановлено, що ці дані являють собою пікселі, що показують температури вище порогового значення, а не окремі пожежі. Проведено моделювання ділянок пожеж використовуючи точки загорянь з подальшим відображенням на картах пожежонебезпечних місць. Встановлено та проаналізовано графічну залежність між кількістю кластерів та відстанню між точками в окремих кластерах. Визначено оптимальну відстань для класифікації скупчення точок як однієї пожежі та створення полігону пожежонебезпечного місця за допомогою інструментів програми ArcGIS. Проведено моделювання відображення наслідків пожеж з використанням історичних зображень Землі, на прикладі Австралії в період із грудня 2012 по грудень 2013 рр. Проведено моделювання зміни температури загорянь у різних точках. Створено і проаналізовано карти впливу пожеж та карти пожежної небезпеки для органів місцевого самоврядування на прикладі територій Австралії. Створено карти гарячих точок з використанням кластерного аналізу для визначення просторової зміни температури загоряння в цих точках. Запропоновано використовувати наведений метод локалізації пожежонебезпечних ділянок разом з історичними даними про пожежі обраного регіону для прогнозування й аналізу ймовірності виникнення загорянь на окремих досліджуваних територіях.
Перспективність використання Asteracea L. в озелененні зони Поділля
Authors: Pantsyreva H. V.
Published: December 2019

На основі наукових досліджень визначено найбільш перспективні види та сорти культур родини Айстрові (Asteracea L.), а саме: нагідки лікарські (Calendula officinalis L.), цинія вузьколиста (Zinnia aqnustifolla H.), чорнобривці прямостоячі (Tagetes erecta L.) та айстра однорічна (Callistephus chinensis L.). Встановлено екологічну пластичність цих рослин, стійких до лімітуючих факторів довкілля, та визначено тривалість декоративних властивостей впродовж вегетаційного періоду. Досліджено найбільш перспективні сорти вітчизняної селекції для створення колекції однорічних культур на базі архітектурно-експозиційної ділянки Вінницького національного аграрного університету. Матеріалом для досліджень слугували: сорти та гібриди нагідок лікарських – Сонце Єгипту, Каблуна, Гейша; цинії вузьколистої – Глоріенша, Сомбреро, Класік; чорнобривців прямостоячих – Тітан, Вавіла, Робін Гуд; айстри однорічної – Художня, Яблунева, Аметист. Проаналізувавши динаміку тривалості цвітіння досліджуваних сортів/гібридів, встановлено найвищі показники тривалості цвітіння у Tagetes erecta L. (сорт Тітан – 52 дні, сорт Ваніла – 60 днів, сорт Робін Гуд – 55 днів). На основі експериментальних досліджень узагальнено рекомендації щодо використання різних культиварів досліджуваних квітниково-декоративних однорічних рослин в озелененні з урахуванням їх біоморфологічних особливостей. Встановлено, що з практичної точки зору вони є перспективними для створення груп на фоні газону, міксбордерів, рабаток, клумб та є чудовим матеріалом для створення садових композицій. Розширення варіантів простих і комплексних садових композицій з їх участю надасть парковій зоні ВНАУ більш декоративного вигляду, результати досліджень будуть використані для курсу лекцій та практичних занять за програмою спеціальності 206 "Садово-паркове господарство" для студентів факультету агрономії та лісівництва Вінницького національного аграрного університету.
Рекультивація озера методом пульверизаційної аерації води в умовах розташування метеорологічної станції Рава-Руська
Authors: Bashutska U. B.
Published: December 2019

Розглянуто технологію рекультивації озера технічним методом в умовах розташування метеорологічної станції Рава-Руська. Проаналізовано досвід і результати роботи польських науковців. Відзначено позитивні результати внаслідок застосування у рекультивації природних і штучних водойм пульверизаційних аераторів, які розпилюють воду в повітрі. Представлено розподіл пульверизаційних аераторів води, що використовуються під час рекультивації озер. Охарактеризовано пульверизаційний аератор із вітровим приводом концепції Подсядловського. Ця технологія передбачає використання енергії вітру для насичення киснем нижньої зони озера. Робота аератора забезпечує утворення на кумулятивній глибині життєвого простору, в якому інтенсивно розвиваються фіто- і зоопланктон, а також риби, які ним харчуються. Регулярне виловлювання швидко зростаючої риби дає змогу знизити трофність озера та систематично покращити якість води. Пульверизаційний аератор води із вітровим приводом в умовах розташування метеостанції Рава-Руська може забезпечити розчинення кисню в донних водах в межах від 4,86 до 5,53 г·м-3. Найнижчі концентрації розчиненого кисню у воді зафіксовано в липні та серпні (4,86 г·м-3), а найвищі (>5,24 г·м-3) – із жовтня по травень. Опрацьовано і описано номограму для визначення вмісту кисню, розчиненого у воді впродовж певного місяця, внаслідок функціонування пульверизаційний аератор із вітровим приводом в умовах розташування метеостанції Рава-Руська. Рекомендовано застосування пульверизаційного аератора із вітровим приводом для рекультивації озер України.
Ансамбль мереж GRNN для розв'язання задач регресії з підвищеною точністю
Authors: Vitynskiy P. B. , Tkachenko R. O. , Izonin I. V.
Published: December 2019

Розроблено метод ансамблювання нейронних мереж узагальненої регресії для підвищення точності розв'язання задачі прогнозування. Описано базові положення функціонування нейронної мережі узагальненої регресії. На основі цього подано алгоритмічну реалізацію розробленого ансамблю. Аналітично доведено можливість підвищення точності прогнозу із використанням розробленого ансамблю. Із використанням бібліотек мови Python, розроблено програмне рішення для реалізації описаного методу. Проведено експериментальне моделювання роботи методу на реальних даних задачі регресії. Встановлено високу ефективність розв'язання поставленої задачі із застосуванням розробленого методу на основі як середньої абсолютної похибки у відсотках, так і з використанням середньоквадратичної похибки. Здійснено порівняння роботи методу із наявними: апроксимацією поліномом Вінера на основі Стохастичного Градієнтного спуску, нейронною мережею узагальненої регресії та модифікованим алгоритмом AdaBoost. Експериментальним шляхом доведено найвищу точність розв'язання поставленої задачі розробленим методом на основі обох показників точності серед усіх розглянутих у роботі методів. Зокрема, він забезпечує більш ніж на 3,4, 4,3 та 8,3 % (MAPE) вищу точність порівняно із наявними методами відповідно. Розроблений метод можна використовувати для отримання розв'язків підвищеної точності під час вирішення прикладних завдань електронної комерції, медицини, матеріалознавства, бізнес-аналітики та інших.
THE STUDY OF THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF NIFUROXAZIDE IN FORM OF SUSPENSION
Authors: Sitnikova E. A. , Rogozhnikova E. P. , Mardanly S. G. , Kisileva V. A.
Published: December 2019

A comparative study of acute toxicity of nifuroxazide preparations in form of suspension has been carried out. Mature individuals of white mice (weighing 18-20 g at the age of 8-9 weeks) and rats (weighing 160-180 g at the age of 13-14 weeks) of both sexes were under observation. The administration of the suspensions was performed in increasing doses by Litchfield-Wilcoxon, dosing was carried out by volume on the total mass of the suspension. The recorded indicators were mortality, time of death of animals, symptoms of poisoning, autopsy, description of animals at the end of the study, determination of mass coefficients of internal organs.

The compared drugs («Nifuroxazide», suspension for oral administration 200 mg/5 ml, LP 004858 dated 23.05.2018 and «Enterofuril», suspension for oral administration 200 mg/5 ml N014624/02 dated 06.11.2008) are equivalent in terms of acute toxicity, belonging to class VI of relatively harmless drugs, have similarities in the parameters of acute toxicity, the picture of intoxication is the same, and there are not detected signs of damage of internal organs.
Spectrum and Prognosis of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–associated Vasculitis-related Bronchiectasis: Data from 61 Patients
Authors: Lhote Raphael , Chilles Marie , Groh Matthieu , Puéchal Xavier , Guilpain Philippe , Ackermann Félix , Amoura Zahir , Annesi-Maesano Isabella , Barba Thomas , Catherinot Emilie , Cohen-Aubart Fleur , Cohen Pascal , Cottin Vincent , Couderc Louis-Jean , De Boysson Hubert , Delbrel Xavier , Dominique Stéphane , Duhaut Pierre , Fain Olivier , Hachulla Eric , Hamidou Mohamed , Kahn Jean-Emmanuel , Legendre Christophe , Le Quellec Alain , Lhote François , Lifermann François , Mathian Alexis , Néel Antoine , Nunes Hilario , Subra Jean-François , Terrier Benjamin , Mouthon Luc , Diot Elisabeth , Guillevin Loïc , Brillet Pierre-Yves , Tcherakian Colas
Published: December 2019

Objective

To report on a large series of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and bronchiectasis, with a specific focus on the timeline of occurrence of both features.

Methods

Retrospective nationwide multicenter study of patients diagnosed with both AAV and bronchiectasis.

Results

Sixty-one patients were included, among whom 27 (44.25%) had microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), 27 (44.25%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), and 7 (11.5%) had eosinophilic GPA. Thirty-nine (64%) had myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA and 13 (21%) had proteinase 3–ANCA. The diagnosis of bronchiectasis either preceded (n = 25; median time between both diagnoses: 16 yrs, IQR 4–54 yrs), was concomitant to (n = 12), or followed (n = 24; median time between both diagnoses: 1, IQR 0–6 yrs) that of AAV. Patients in whom bronchiectasis precedes the onset of AAV (B-AAV group) have more frequent mononeuritis multiplex, MPA, MPO-ANCA, and a 5-fold increase of death. The occurrence of an AAV relapse tended to be protective against bronchiectasis worsening (HR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.99, P = 0.049), while a diagnosis of bronchiectasis before AAV (HR 5.8, 95% CI 1.2–28.7, P = 0.03) or MPA (HR 18.1, 95% CI 2.2–146.3, P = 0.01) were associated with shorter survival during AAV follow-up.

Conclusion

The association of bronchiectasis with AAV is likely not accidental and is mostly associated with MPO-ANCA. Patients in whom bronchiectasis precedes the onset of AAV tend to have distinct clinical and biological features and could carry a worse prognosis.
Reasons for Biologic and Targeted Synthetic Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drug Cessation and Persistence of Second-line Treatment in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Dataset
Authors: Youssef Peter , Marcal Bruno , Button Peter , Truman Matt , Bird Paul , Griffiths Hedley , Roberts Lynden , Tymms Kathleen , Littlejohn Geoff
Published: December 2019

Objective.

To provide real-world evidence about the reasons why Australian rheumatologists cease biologic (b) and targeted synthetic (ts) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) when treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to assess (1) the primary failure rate for first-line treatment, and (2) the persistence on second-line treatments in patients who stopped first-line tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi).

Methods.

This is a multicenter retrospective, noninterventional study of patients with RA enrolled in the Australian Optimising Patient outcome in Australian RheumatoLogy (OPAL) dataset with a start date of b/tsDMARD between August 1, 2010, and June 30, 2017. Primary failure was defined as stopping treatment within 6 months of treatment initiation.

Results.

Data from 7740 patients were analyzed; 6914 patients received first-line b/tsDMARD. First-line treatment was stopped in 3383 (49%) patients; 1263 (37%) were classified as primary failures. The most common reason was “lack of efficacy” (947/2656, 36%). Of the patients who stopped first-line TNFi, 43% (1111/2560) received second-line TNFi, which resulted in the shortest median time to stopping second-line treatment (11 months, 95% CI 9–12) compared with non-TNFi. The longest second-line median treatment duration after first-line TNFi was for patients receiving rituximab (39 months, 95% CI 27–74).

Conclusion.

A large proportion of patients who stopped first-line TNFi therapy received another TNFi despite evidence for longer treatment persistence on second-line b/tsDMARD with a different mode of action. Lack of efficacy was recorded as the most common reason for making a switch in first-line treatment of patients with RA.
Standardizing the Clinical Orofacial Examination in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: An Interdisciplinary, Consensus-based, Short Screening Protocol
Authors: Stoustrup Peter , Herlin Troels , Spiegel Lynn , Rahimi Hanna , Koos Bernd , Pedersen Thomas Klit , Twilt Marinka
Published: December 2019

Objective.

To develop a consensus-based, standardized, short (< 3 min) clinical examination protocol to assess the multidimensional, orofacial manifestations of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Methods.

The study was conducted by a multidisciplinary task force from the Temporomandibular Joint Juvenile Arthritis Working Group (TMJaw). The study used an acknowledged sequential approach involving (1) a global multidisciplinary online questionnaire study, (2) a systematic literature review and consensus meetings to identify items for inclusion, (3) pilot testing of included items, (4) test of reliability in 22 subjects with JIA by 4 examiners, (5) test of construct validity in a case-control study involving 167 subjects, and (6) establishment of final recommendations.

Results.

Six items were recommended for the final examination protocol: (1) clinician-assessed pain location, (2) temporomandibular (TMJ) joint pain on palpation (open and closed mouth), (3) mandibular deviation at maximal mouth opening (≥ 3 mm), (4) maximal unassisted mouth opening capacity, (5) frontal facial symmetry, and (6) facial profile. All recommended items showed acceptable reliability and construct validity. The average mean examination time was 2 min and 42 s (SD ± 38.5 s).

Conclusion.

A consensus-based, short clinical examination protocol was developed. The protocol takes less than 3 min to complete and provides information about orofacial symptoms, TMJ dysfunction, and dentofacial deformity. The standardized examination protocol is applicable to routine clinical care, as well as future research studies.
Current Smoking Is Increased in Axial Psoriatic Arthritis and Radiographic Sacroiliitis
Authors: Solmaz Dilek , Kalyoncu Umut , Tinazzi Ilaria , Bakirci Sibel , Bayindir Ozun , Dogru Atalay , Dalkilic Ediz , Kimyon Gezmis , Ozisler Cem , Cetin Gozde Yildirim , Kilic Levent , Omma Ahmet , Can Meryem , Yilmaz Sema , Erden Abdulsamet , Aydin Sibel Zehra
Published: December 2019

Objective.

The effect of smoking in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is under debate. Our aim was to test whether smoking is increased in axial PsA (axPsA).

Methods.

Included in the analysis were 1535 patients from PsArt-ID (PsA-International Database). The effect of smoking on axPsA (compared to other PsA phenotypes) and radiographic sacroiliitis were investigated.

Results.

Current smoking was more common in axPsA (28.6% vs 18.9%, p < 0.001). It also was found as an independent predictor of axPsA (OR 1.4) and radiographic sacroiliitis (OR 6.6).

Conclusion.

Current smoking is significantly associated with both axPsA and radiographic sacroiliitis in patients with PsA.
Du symptôme au sinthome, et retour
Authors: Pellion Frédéric
Published: December 2019

Est-il possible que, dans notre façon de penser la psychanalyse, le sinthome de Lacan se substitue sans reste au symptôme freudien ? Sans doute non, et, d’ailleurs, ce n’est pas plus souhaitable, sauf à faire resurgir certaines des vieilles ambiguïtés de la relation de l’analyste à la vérité.
Que reste-t-il ?
Authors: Bendrihen Nicolas
Published: December 2019

L’opération analytique agit sur le fantasme, et de là, sur le symptôme dont on est affecté. Quel est le devenir de cet effet dans le temps ? Le virage de passe est-il pris une fois pour toutes ? Dans l’expérience dont il sera question, le sujet eut la surprise de retrouver plusieurs années après ce virage un paysage aux reliefs familiers. C’est à ce point-là qu’intervient un « savoir faire » issu de l’analyse, qui permit une nouvelle traversée, éclair, de ce qui, comme le réel, revenait à la même place.
Using Photographs to Establish Shared Meaning in the Classroom
Authors: Schmidt Lynnette
Published: December 2019

Using Photographs to Establish Shared Meaning in the Classroom

Engaging students in understanding concepts beyond their own lived experiences is a challenge for nurse educators. Student evaluations of a required theory course on family nursing revealed that students were disengaged and did not understand the concept of family. Many students commented they were “not able to stay focused on lecture content related to family” and that they “wish [they] could do something to help [them] understand other family situations better.” My goal was to find a teaching method that actively engaged students and aided their understanding of multiple perspectives of family and of self-awareness. [more...]
Nursing Care Guidelines for Reducing Hospital-Acquired Nasogastric Tube–Related Pressure Injuries
Authors: Schroeder Jessica , Sitzer Verna
Published: December 2019

Background

Nurses certified in wound, ostomy, and continence monitored an increasing incidence of hospital-acquired pressure injury of the nares due to medical devices, specifically nasogastric tubes, in a metropolitan hospital. A majority of these pressure injuries occurred in patients in the intensive care unit. The organization lacked formal guidelines for preventing such injuries.

Objective

To decrease the incidence of nasogastric tube–related hospital-acquired pressure injury.

Methods

The organization’s process improvement model, comprising steps to define, measure, analyze, improve, and control, guided the project. The incidence rate of nasogastric tube–related hospital-acquired pressure injury before the intervention was determined for calendar year 2015 and compared with data obtained after the intervention, for calendar year 2016. An interprofessional team created, implemented, and evaluated the effectiveness of evidence-based guidelines and surveillance strategies for preventing nasogastric tube–related hospital-acquired pressure injury. The team implemented guidelines using the simple mnemonic “CLEAN”: correct tube position, stabilize tube, evaluate area under/near tube, alleviate pressure, note date and time.

Results

The incidence rate of nasogastric tube–related hospital-acquired pressure injury (0.13 per 1000 patient days in 2015) decreased 100% (0.0 per 1000 patient days in 2016) after the guidelines were implemented in the organization. This rate was sustained for a full year, after which it increased slightly because temporary and new staff lacked knowledge of the guidelines.

Conclusions

The creation and implementation of clear and specific guidelines for assessing and securing nasogastric tubes successfully reduced nasogastric tube–related hospital-acquired pressure injury.
Clinicopathological study and outcomes of primary extranodal lymphoma
Authors: Nanthakwang Nichapa , Rattarittamrong Ekarat , Rattanathammethee Thanawat , Chai-Adisaksopha Chatree , Tantiworawit Adisak , Norasetthada Lalita , Ya-In Charin
Published: December 2019

Lymphoma can present with either lymphadenopathy or extranodal involvement. There are limited clinicopathological data pertaining to the occurrence of primary extranodal lymphoma (pENL) in Thailand. This was a retrospective study conducted at Chiang-Mai University Hospital from 2012 to 2016. Patients 18 years of age and over and with a diagnosis of pENL were enrolled onto study. Data related to clinical presentations, histology, stage, treatment and response were collected. There were 104 pENL patients with a median age of 63 years included. The most common presentation was gastrointestinal symptoms (41%), followed by ear, nose, and throat symptoms (35%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the most common morphological subtype (60%), followed by marginal zone lymphoma (15%). The majority of patients presented with stage II disease (55%). The five-year overall survival rate was 71%. The factors associated with mortality were hemoglobin <7 g/dL, B-symptoms and LDH above upper normal limits. This study illustrated that lymphoma can present at various extranodal sites. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common presentations and DLBCL was the most common subtype of pENL.
Electrodiagnostic findings in myotonic dystrophy: A study on 12 patients
Authors: Burakgazi Ahmet S.
Published: December 2019

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a complex multisystem disease with specific clinical and electrodiagnostic findings. Myotonia can be seen in the distal and proximal muscle groups in upper and lower limbs. There is no established guideline to demonstrate the sensitivity of muscles in the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy. The aims of this study are to describe common electrodiagnostic findings in patients with DM; and to assess the electrodiagnostic sensitivity of muscles in the diagnosis of DM. In this retrospective study, patients’ age, sex, nerve conduction study findings including common upper and lower limbs nerve functions, and needle examination findings were collected and analyzed. A descriptive analysis (with percentage) was performed on the data obtained from the charts. NCS analysis showed more than half of patients had normal sensory and motor NCS findings. In 11 over 12 patients, sensory NCSs were within normal limits. Only one patient showed abnormal sensory responses. The most common abnormal NCS findings were decreased amplitude with normal latency and normal conduction velocity. The needle analysis showed distal muscles including first dorsal interosseous, abductor policies brevis, tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius and peroneal longus muscles are more sensitive in detecting myotonic discharges than proximal muscles including deltoid, triceps, vastus medialis and vastus lateralis. Our findings showed sensory nerve responses were usually within normal limits. The most common NCS abnormality showed decreased motor nerve amplitudes. The needle test showed myotonic discharges were more prominent in the distal muscles in upper and lower limbs.
Serological Profile of Hepatitis B in Children after the Introduction of Its Vaccination in Burkina Faso
Authors: Barro Makoura , Valea Diane , Ouermi Saga Alain , Sessouma Sanata , Sanogo Bintou , Ouattara Ibrahim Ad Bafa , Ouedraogo Abdoul Salam , Nacro Boubacar , Moyen Georges
Published: December 2019

Viral hepatitis B is a public health issue. We establish the children serological profile of hepatitis B in Bobo-Dioulasso, six years after the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization. This was a descriptive study of prospective data collection carried out in the Department of Pediatrics and the laboratory of virology of the Centre MURAZ of Bobo-Dioulasso between March 2013 and May 2013. Blood samples were made in search of the following hepatitis B serological markers: anti-HBcAb total, HBsAg, Ac anti-HBs, HBeAg, AcHBs, IgM anti-HBc total. The ELISA method with the Monolisa BIORAD reagents was used. A total of 2015 children were included, 1026 (50, 9%) boys and 989 (49.1%) girls, at an average age of 58±48 months. Out of these 2015 children, 53 (2.6%) were positive to HBsAg including 19 vaccinated cases, one child has received 3 doses plus 1 booster dose of hepatitis B vaccine. We found no statistically significant difference in the carriage of serologic markers of hepatitis B between the unvaccinated group and the vaccinated group. Large-scale studies should be carried out in Burkina Faso to see the real impact of vaccination on the health of our populations.
Total Absence of the Pericardium Associated with Hypogammaglobulinemia and Bronchiectasis in a Girl
Authors: Kinuani Rachel , Bruyère Pierre-Julien , Schoysman Laurent , Kempeneers Céline , Daron Benoît , Seghaye Marie-Christine
Published: December 2019

We report the case of an 8-years-old girl with recurrent pulmonary infections and wheezing since infancy, in whom asthma and immunoglobulin-G deficiency were diagnosed at the age of 7 months. Since then, the patient was treated for asthma without any satisfactory control of the disease. Cardiomegaly was finally diagnosed radiologically that led to cardiac assessment. Echocardiography suggested left sided partial anomalous pulmonary venous return that was not confirmed at angio-computed tomography scan and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Instead, total absence of the pericardium with relative left lung hypoplasia and left-sided bronchiectasis was diagnosed. Immune defect was confirmed. Adequate treatment by immunoglobulin supplementation and observance of the recommended care of bronchiectasis allowed favorable evolution. This case of an unusual association between an exceptional pericardial malformation and immune deficiency causing lower respiratory tract infections complicated by leftsided bronchiectasis highlights the absolute necessity to explore further any child with insufficient asthma control.
‘Einer Frau gestatte ich nicht, dass sie lehre‘ (1 Timotheus 2:12): Exegese – Hermeneutik – Kirche
Authors: Stenschke Christoph W.
Published: December 2019

This article is an exercise in combining the exegesis, hermeneutical issues and application of 1 Timothy 2:12 in ecclesial contexts where this prohibition is still taken seriously as a Pauline injunction or, at least, as part of the canon of the Church. It surveys representative proposals in New Testament studies of dealing with this least compromising assertion regarding the teaching of women in early Christianity. It discusses the hermeneutical issues involved in exegesis and application and how one should relate this prohibition to other New Testament references to women and their role in the early Christian communities. In closing, the article discusses whether and how this assertion can still be relevant in contemporary contexts when and where women have a very different role in society and church.
History and developments of pastoral care in Africa: A survey and proposition for effective contextual pastoral caregiving
Authors: Magezi Vhumani
Published: December 2019

The practice of pastoral care (cura animarum) over the ages has been informed and influenced by the need to develop creative ways (interventions) to respond to people’s contextual challenges. These approaches have been well documented. However, the history, developments and emerging pastoral care practices in Africa have not been documented. This article, by way of a survey, considers the pastoral care approaches that emerged in Africa from the period when Christianity was introduced to the continent. It addresses three interlinked questions. Firstly, to what extent has pastoral care approaches and practices in Africa been influenced by the African context and developments? Secondly, to what extent has the context and the emerging pastoral care approaches in Africa been discerned from historical developments and documented? Thirdly, what links can be drawn between pastoral care practices in Africa and its historical as well as cultural context? In answering these questions, the article retrieves pastoral care developments in Africa by discerning pastoral care during the periods of Christianity in Africa. The notion of cura animarum as ‘soul care’, referring to care for the whole person (holistic care, i.e., nephesh care) from a Christian spiritual perspective, will be employed as a framework. The assumption guiding the article is that pastoral care practices and approaches in Africa have arisen as responses to the contextual realities being experienced at the interface of Christianity and the African people. These realities arose and persist to this day as a struggle to relate, apply and live out an authentic African Christian life to cope with life in a meaningful way. It concludes by suggesting ways on how pastoral care in Africa should be practiced in the current period and going forward.
Can reducing carbon emissions improve economic performance – evidence from China
Authors: Yang Fei , Shi Beibei , Xu Ming , Feng Chen
Published: December 2019

As the problem of carbon emissions is becoming increasingly more serious around the world, how to balance carbon emissions reduction and economic growth has become an important issue in the field of environmental economics. China is the world's largest carbon dioxide emitter, and China's Low-Carbon Pilot (CLCP) policy has significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions and achieved expected benefits. However, is environmental quality improving at the expense of economic growth? This article selects macro panel data of 286 Chinese prefecturelevel cities and micro data of Chinese industrial enterprises from 2001 to 2013, takes the CLCP policy implementation by five provinces and eight cities as a quasi-natural experiment, uses difference-in-differences (DID) method to investigate the causal effect of CLCP policy on regional economic growth and enterprise behavior. The results are as follows. First, the CLCP policy significantly promotes regional economic growth. Moreover, as the implementation time of the policy continues, environmental regulation has a greater effect of promoting economic growth. Second, although the CLCP policy significantly increases various production costs, it also promotes the growth of enterprises' output and benefits. Third, under the pressure of enterprise cost increase caused by environmental regulation, enterprises choose the positive way of strengthening internal management, improving efficiency and increasing innovation instead of choosing the negative way of trans-regional transfer, and finally achieve an improvement in output and benefits.
German Bond Yields and Debt Supply
Authors: Paret Anne-Charlotte , Weber Anke
Published: December 2019

Are Bunds special? This paper estimates the “Bund premium” as the difference in convenience yields between other sovereign safe assets and German government bonds adjusted for sovereign credit risk, liquidity and swap market frictions. A higher premium suggests less substitutability of sovereign bonds. We document a rise in the “Bund premium” in the post-crisis period. We show that there is a negative relationship of the premium with the relative supply of German sovereign bonds, which is more pronounced for higher maturities and when risk aversion proxied by bond market volatility is high. Going forward, we expect German government debt supply to remain scarce, with important implications for the ECB’s monetary policy strategy.
International Bank Lending Channel of Monetary Policy
Authors: Albrizio Silvia , Choi Sangyup , Furceri Davide , Yoon Chansik
Published: December 2019

How does domestic monetary policy in systemic countries spillover to the rest of the world? This paper examines the transmission channel of domestic monetary policy in the cross-border context. We use exogenous shocks to monetary policy in systemically important economies, including the U.S., and local projections to estimate the dynamic effect of monetary policy shocks on bilateral cross-border bank lending. We find robust evidence that an increase in funding costs following an exogenous monetary tightening leads to a statistically and economically significant decline in cross-border bank lending. The effect is weakened during periods of high uncertainty. In contrast, the effect is found to not vary according to the degree of borrower country riskiness, further weakening support for the international portfolio rebalancing channel.
Mexico
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: December 2019

The Federation of Mexico, with 31 States and Mexico City, has a population of 129 million
people with large and diverse infrastructure needs. Successive Mexican governments have
recognized the importance of public investment for promoting economic growth and have given
priority to infrastructure needs in the National Development Plan and the National Infrastructure
Program. Some progress has been made; however, large infrastructure needs remain.
Evaluating the relationship between communication management practices and project outcomes: a case study of Eswatini (Swaziland) construction industry
Authors: Khanyile Nokulunga S.M. , Musonda Innocent , Agumba Justus Ngala
Published: December 2019

Communication management is viewed as an imperative factor associated with performance improvement in construction projects. In Eswatini, it is established that projects experience poor project delivery associated with poor communication management practices. This study seeks to elucidate communication management practices informed by local culture and relate it to project outcome. A questionnaire survey of practitioners registered with Eswatini construction industry council was adopted for the study. Data was collected from 66 respondents. Principal axis factoring established nine practices namely; information technology, communication technology, communication skills and competence, communication management plan, teamwork, clear channels within organisation’s structure, project brief requirement management, project brief risk requirement management and context of environment as being key factors to project positive outcome. Spearman’s rho established that a relationship exists between project outcome and three practices namely; information technology, communication management plan and clear channels within organisation’s structure. The findings present key empirical evidence of the communication management practices that relate to project outcome in Eswatini. The study contributes on communication management practices in Eswatini and its relation on project outcome. Limitation of the study conclude that results and analysis cannot be generalised. However, the findings from the research provides opportunities for extensive further research recommendations to assess, refine and understand the effect of the variable’s communication management practice to project outcome.
Source attribution of European surface O3 using a tagged O3 mechanism
Authors: Lupaşcu Aurelia , Butler Tim
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone (O3) is an important air pollutant that affects human health, ecosystems, and climate. The contributions of O3 precursor emissions from different geographical source regions to the O3 concentration can help to quantify the effects of local versus remotely transported precursors on the O3 concentration in a certain area. This study presents a “tagging” approach within the WRF-Chem model that attributes O3 concentration in several European receptor regions to nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from within and outside of Europe during April–September 2010. We also examine the contribution of these different precursor sources to various O3 metrics and their exceedance events. Firstly, we show that the spatial distributions of simulated monthly mean MDA8 from tagged O3 source regions and types for late spring, summer, and early autumn 2010 varies with season. For summer conditions, O3 production is dominated by national and intra-European sources, while in the late spring and early autumn intercontinental transported O3 is an important contributor to the total O3 concentration. We have also identified shipping activities in the Mediterranean Sea as an important source of O3 for the Mediterranean countries, as well as the main contributor to high modelled MDA8 O3 concentration in the Mediterranean Basin itself. Secondly, to have a better understanding of the origin of MDA8 O3 exceedances, we compare modelled and observed values of MDA8 O3 concentration in the Po Valley and Germany–Benelux receptor regions, revealing that the contribution from local sources is about 41 % and 38 % of modelled MDA8 O3 during the exceedance days, respectively. By examining the relative contributions of remote NOx sources to modelled and observed O3 exceedance events, we determine that model underrepresentation of long-range O3 transport could be contributing to a general underestimation of modelled O3 exceedance events in the Germany–Benelux receptor region. Thirdly, we quantify the impact of local vs. non-local NOx precursors on O3 production for each European receptor region using different O3 metrics. The comparison between mean, MDA8 and 95th percentile O3 metrics accentuates the importance of large contributions from locally emitted NOx precursors to the high end of the O3 distribution. When we compare the vegetation and health metrics, we notice that the SOMO35 and AOT40 indexes exhibit rather similar behaviour, while the W126 index accentuates the importance of local emissions. Overall, this study highlights the importance of a tagging approach to quantify the contribution of local and remote sources to the MDA8 O3 concentration during several periods as well to different O3 metrics. Moreover, this method could be applied to assess different mitigation options.
Retrieval of the total precipitable water vapor and cloud liquid water path over ocean from the Feng-Yun 3D microwave temperature and humidity sounders
Authors: Yang Jun , Weng Fuzhong , Hu Hao , Dong Peiming
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Feng-Yun 3D (FY-3D) satellite is the latest polar-orbiting meteorological satellite launched by China and carry 10 instruments onboard. Its microwave temperature sounder (MWTS) and microwave humidity sounder (MWHS) can acquire a total of 28 channels of brightness temperatures, providing rich information for profiling atmospheric temperature and moisture. However, due to a lack of two important frequencies at 23.8 and 31.4 GHz, it is difficult to retrieve the total precipitable water vapor (TPW) and cloud liquid water path (CLW) from FY-3D microwave sounder data as commonly done for other microwave sounding instruments. Using the channel similarity between Suomi NPP advanced technology microwave sounder (ATMS) and FY-3D microwave temperature and humidity sounders, a machine learning technique is used to generate the two missing low frequency channels of MWTS and MWHS. Then, a new data set named as a combined microwave sounder (CMWS) is obtained and has the same channel setting as ATMS but the spatial resolution is consistent with MWTS. It is shown that the mean absolute errors of the two simulated channels are both between 3 and 4 K. The simulation errors mainly distribute in the high latitude regions, coastlines and the boundaries of some heavy rainfall. A statistical inversion method is adopted to retrieve TPW and CLW over oceans from the FY-3D CMWS. The inter-comparison between different satellites shows that the inversion products of FY-3D CMWS and Suomi NPP ATMS have good consistency in magnitude and distribution.
A roadmap for amphibious drilling at the Campi Flegrei caldera: insights from a MagellanPlus workshop
Authors: Sacchi Marco , De Natale Giuseppe , Spiess Volkhard , Steinmann Lena , Acocella Valerio , Corradino Marta , de Silva Shanaka , Fedele Alessandro , Fedele Lorenzo , Geshi Nobuo , Kilburn Christopher , Insinga Donatella , Jurado Maria-José , Molisso Flavia , Petrosino Paola , Passaro Salvatore , Pepe Fabrizio , Porfido Sabina , Scarpati Claudio , Schmincke Hans-Ulrich , Somma Renato , Sumita Mari , Tamburrino Stella , Troise Claudia , Vallefuoco Mattia , Ventura Guido
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Large calderas are among the Earth's major volcanic
features. They are associated with large magma reservoirs and elevated
geothermal gradients. Caldera-forming eruptions result from the withdrawal
and collapse of the magma chambers and produce large-volume pyroclastic
deposits and later-stage deformation related to post-caldera resurgence and
volcanism. Unrest episodes are not always followed by an eruption; however,
every eruption is preceded by unrest. The Campi Flegrei caldera (CFc), located along the eastern Tyrrhenian coastline
in southern Italy, is close to the densely populated area of Naples. It is
one of the most dangerous volcanoes on Earth and represents a key example of
an active, resurgent caldera. It has been traditionally interpreted as a
nested caldera formed by collapses during the 100–200 km3 Campanian
Ignimbrite (CI) eruption at ∼39 ka and the 40 km3 eruption of
the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) at ∼15 ka. Recent studies
have suggested that the CI may instead have been fed by a fissure eruption from the Campanian Plain, north of Campi Flegrei. A MagellanPlus workshop was held in Naples, Italy, on 25–28 February 2017 to
explore the potential of the CFc as target for an amphibious drilling
project within the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) and the International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP). It was agreed that Campi Flegrei is
an ideal site to investigate the mechanisms of caldera formation and associated
post-caldera dynamics and to analyze the still poorly understood interplay
between hydrothermal and magmatic processes. A coordinated onshore–offshore
drilling strategy has been developed to reconstruct the structure and
evolution of Campi Flegrei and to investigate volcanic precursors by
examining (a) the succession of volcanic and hydrothermal products and
related processes, (b) the inner structure of the caldera resurgence, (c) the
physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the hydrothermal system and
offshore sediments, and (d) the geological expression of the phreatic and
hydromagmatic eruptions, hydrothermal degassing, sedimentary structures, and
other records of these phenomena. The deployment of a multiparametric
in situ monitoring system at depth will enable near-real-time tracking of
changes in the magma reservoir and hydrothermal system.
The Bouse Formation, a controversial Neogene archive of the evolving Colorado River: a scientific drilling workshop report (28 February–3 March 2019 – BlueWater Resort & Casino, Parker, AZ, USA)
Authors: Cohen Andrew , Cassidy Colleen , Crow Ryan , Bright Jordon , Crossey Laura , Dorsey Rebecca , Gootee Brian , House Kyle , Howard Keith , Karlstrom Karl , Pearthree Philip
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Neogene deposits of the lower Colorado River valley, especially the
Miocene(?) and early Pliocene Bouse Formation, have been the focus of
intense debate regarding the early paleoenvironmental history of this
important continental-scale river system in southwestern North America and
its integration with the proto-Gulf of California. Fine-grained units within
these Neogene deposits also hold a promising archive of Pliocene
paleoclimate history for this part of the world. Because the depocenter
deposits of the Bouse Formation and the deposits that overlie and underlie it are poorly
exposed and highly weathered, the formation is ripe for study through
collection of drill cores. A workshop was held 28 February–3 March 2019 in
Parker, AZ, USA, to discuss how scientific drilling might be employed to help
resolve the Bouse controversies and improve our understanding of
paleoclimate history in the region.