bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men
Authors: Mitchell W. Kyle , Phillips Bethan E. , Hill Ian , Greenhaff Paul , Lund Jonathan N. , Williams John P. , Rankin Debbie , Wilkinson Daniel J. , Smith Kenneth , Atherton Philip J.
Published: October 2017

Leucine modulates muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with potential to facilitate accrual/maintenance of muscle mass. Animal models suggest that leucine boluses shortly after meals may prolong MPS and delay onset of a “muscle-full” state. However, the effects of nutrient “top-ups” in humans, and particularly older adults where deficits exist, have not been explored. We determined the effects of a leucine top-up after essential amino acid (EAA) feeding on anabolic signaling, MPS, and muscle energy metabolism in older men. During 13C6-phenylalanine infusion, 16 men (∼70 years) consumed 15 g of EAA with (n=8, FED + LEU) or without (n=8, FED) 3 g of leucine top-up 90 min later. Repeated blood and muscle sampling permitted measurement of fasting and postprandial plasma EAA, insulin, anabolic signaling including mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) substrates, cellular ATP and phosphorylocreatine, and MPS. Oral EAA achieved rapid insulinemia (12.5 iU·ml−1 25 min post-feed), essential aminoacidemia (3000 μM, 45–65 min post-feed), and activation of mTORC1 signaling. Leucine top-up prolonged plasma EAA (2800 μM, 135 min) and leucine availability (1050 μM, 135 min post-feed). Fasting FSRs of 0.046 and 0.056%·h-1 (FED and FED + LEU respectively) increased to 0.085 and 0.085%·h-1 90–180 min post-feed and returned to basal rates after 180 min in both groups. Phosphorylation of mTORC1 substrates returned to fasting levels 240 min post-feed in both groups. Feeding had limited effect on muscle high-energy phosphates, but did induce eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) phosphorylation. We demonstrate the refractoriness of muscle to nutrient-led anabolic stimulation in the postprandial period; thus, leucine supplements should be taken outside of meals, or with meals containing suboptimal protein in terms of either amount or EAA composition.
The structure of the perivascular compartment in the old canine brain: a case study
Authors: Criswell Theodore P. , Sharp Matthew MacGregor , Dobson Howard , Finucane Ciara , Weller Roy O. , Verma Ajay , Carare Roxana O.
Published: October 2017

Dilatation of periarteriolar spaces in MRI of the ageing human brains occurs in white matter (WM), basal ganglia and midbrain but not in cerebral cortex. Perivenous collagenous occurs in periventricular but not in subcortical WM.

Here we test the hypotheses that (a) the capacity for dilatation of periarteriolar spaces correlates with the anatomical distribution of leptomeningeal cells coating intracerebral arteries and (b) the regional development of perivenous collagenous in the WM correlates with the population of intramural cells in the walls of veins.

The anatomical distribution of leptomeningeal and intramural cells related to cerebral blood vessels is best documented by electron microscopy, requiring perfusion-fixed tissue not available in human material. We therefore analysed perfusion-fixed brain from a 12-year-old Beagle dog as the canine brain represents the anatomical arrangement in the human brain. Results showed regional variation in the arrangement of leptomeningeal cells around blood vessels. Arterioles are enveloped by one complete layer of leptomeninges often with a second incomplete layer in the WM. Venules showed incomplete layers of leptomeningeal cells. Intramural cell expression was higher in the post-capillary venules of the subcortical WM when compared with periventricular WM, suggesting that periventricular collagenosis around venules may be due to a lower resistance in the venular walls. It appears that the regional variation in the capacity for dilatation of arteriolar perivascular spaces in the white WM may be related to the number of perivascular leptomeningeal cells surrounding vessels in different areas of the brain.
Design of ultra‐low power AES encryption cores with silicon demonstration in SOTB CMOS process
Authors: Hoang V.‐P. , Dao V.‐L. , Pham C.‐K.
Published: October 2017

The design of ultra‐low power advanced encryption standard (AES) encryption cores for emerging wireless networks and Internet of things systems by combining optimised architectures, a simple clock gating technique and an advanced 65 nm silicon on thin buried oxide (SOTB) CMOS process is presented. The implementation results show that the proposed 2‐Sbox AES encryption core requires the smallest number of clock cycles and achieves the lowest power consumption of 0.4 µW/MHz which is 3.3× lower than that of the best previous presented AES encryption core, with a very small area overhead. Moreover, the proposed 1‐Sbox AES encryption core consumes very low hardware resources of 2.4 kgates gate equivalent.
In‐DRAM bitwise processing circuit for low‐power and fast computation
Authors: Pham K.V. , Truong S.N. , Yang W. , Min K.‐S.
Published: October 2017

In‐DRAM processing circuit is able to reduce operation time and power consumption than the traditional CPU + MEMORY system in performing the complicated computation such as convolution. These benefits are gained by bitwise and parallel processing of the in‐DRAM convolution circuit. To realise the in‐DRAM circuit, an inter‐bank processing circuit is proposed with bitwise summation/comparison circuit for performing convolution inside DRAM. Compared to the intra‐bank bitwise operation, the inter‐bank circuit can significantly reduce the power consumption and the number of row activation cycles to accomplish convolution. For the number of cycles, the inter‐bank circuit takes only 65 cycles for calculating 16 × 16 feature map. On the contrary, the intra‐bank needs as many as 192 cycles. In terms of power consumption, the inter‐bank circuit consumes smaller power by 35% than the intra‐bank. In the proposed in‐DRAM processing circuit, no complicated multiplier and adder are needed in performing the convolution. The Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST) recognition rate of the proposed bitwise processing circuit can be as high as 97.28%, indicating very little loss due to the ternary kernels.
Stable improved softmax using constant normalisation
Authors: Lim S. , Lee D.
Published: October 2017

In deep learning architectures, rectified linear unit based functions are widely used as activation functions of hidden layers, and the softmax is used for the output layers. Two critical problems of the softmax are introduced, and an improved softmax method to resolve the problems is proposed. The proposed method minimises instability of the softmax while reducing its losses. Moreover, this method is straightforward so its computation complexity is low, but it is substantially reasonable and operates robustly. Therefore, the proposed method can replace the softmax functions.
Reactive power sharing improvement of droop‐controlled DFIG wind turbines in a microgrid
Authors: Marhaba Mohammad Saleh , Farhangi Shahrokh , Iman‐Eini Hossein , Iravani Reza
Published: October 2017

This study presents an innovative control scheme to improve the power sharing among doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) wind units in a medium‐voltage (MV) microgrid. The control objectives of DFIGs in an islanded mode of microgrid operation are to achieve: (i) stabilisation of the microgrid voltage amplitude and frequency, (ii) proper active/reactive power sharing among wind units. To satisfy these requirements, the DFIG control loop based on the traditional droop control is designed. This method, however, cannot satisfactorily operate in a MV microgrid with dominantly resistive line impedances from power sharing point of view. To overcome this problem, a modified control strategy is proposed in this study. The mathematical modelling is developed, and time‐domain simulations are presented to verify the novel control scheme in a typical microgrid case study.
AI‐based approach to identify compromised meters in data integrity attacks on smart grid
Authors: Khanna Kush , Panigrahi Bijaya Ketan , Joshi Anupam
Published: October 2017

False data injection attacks can pose serious threats to the operation and control of power grid. The smarter the power grid gets, the more vulnerable it becomes to cyber‐attacks. Various detection methods of cyber‐attacks have been proposed in the literature in recent past. However, to completely alleviate the possibility of cyber‐threats, the compromised meters must be identified and secured. In this study, the authors are presenting an artificial intelligence (AI)‐based identification method to correctly single out the malicious meters. The proposed AI‐based method successfully identifies the compromised meters by anticipating the correct measurements in the event of the cyber‐attack. New York Independent System Operator load data is mapped with the IEEE 14‐bus system to validate the proposed method. The efficiency of the proposed method is compared for artificial neural network and extreme learning machine‐based AI techniques. It is observed that both the techniques identify the corrupted meters with high accuracy.
A multi‐stage transition toward high renewable energy penetration in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Nunes Juliana B. , Mahmoudi Nadali , Saha Tapan K. , Chattopadhyay Debabrata
Published: October 2017

This study deals with new challenges in the long‐term planning of power systems in the presence of high variable renewable energy resources (VRE). To this end, a stochastic multi‐stage planning model is proposed, through which the investment decisions on the new generation and transmission systems are made in several stages of the planning horizon considering the attributes of VRE resources. The model takes into account both long‐term and short‐term uncertainties through their plausible scenario realisations. The proposed model is formulated as a mixed‐integer programming approach that co‐optimises generation and transmission investments under uncertainty for alternative renewable policy targets. The model is applied in a realistic case of Queensland, Australia in which an equivalent network of the state is driven to accurately capture the existing and new generation candidates. The model results demonstrate that a 50% renewable energy target may increase the system costs – mostly through an increase in capital costs of cleaner technologies – by three to four times. The analysis also shows that the complementarity of solar photovoltaic and wind and their locations in the power system are important factors in deciding the optimal renewable‐based investments.
Iterative weighted sparse representation for X‐ray cardiovascular angiogram image denoising over learned dictionary
Authors: Huang Zhenghua , Li Qian , Zhang Tianxu , Sang Nong , Hong Hanyu
Published: October 2017

Non‐local self‐similar patch‐based denoising techniques have been viewed as the most popular denoising approaches in computer vision. This study has proposed a novel iterative weighted sparse representation (IWSR) scheme for X‐ray cardiovascular angiogram image denoising. The main procedures of this scheme include four parts. First, a maximum a posterior (MAP) distribution by the Bayes’ theory is adopted to simultaneously estimate the estimated image and sparse representation with different Gaussian distributions approximating to likelihood prior, non‐local self‐similar patch prior and sparse representation prior. Second, the MAP problem is converted to minimise an energy function using the logarithmic transformation. Third, the function is efficiently solved by the single and effective alternating directions method of multipliers algorithm along with singular value decomposition (SVD) algorithm. Finally, owing to learned dictionary by K‐SVD algorithm, the qualitative and quantitative results of widely synthetic experiments demonstrate that the proposed IWSR denoising method performs effectively and can obtain competitive denoising performance and high‐quality images compared with those advanced denoising methods. The results of extensive experiments on clinical X‐ray angiogram images further illustrate that the IWSR method performs well on noise reduction and vascular structures including edges and capillaries preservation, integral cardiovascular trees of which are beneficial for clinicians to diagnose and analyse cardiovascular diseases.
Improving the energy efficiency for the WBSN bottleneck zone based on random linear network coding
Authors: Alshaheen Hisham , Takruri Rizk Haifa
Published: October 2017

The reduction of energy consumption and the successful delivery of data are important for a wireless body sensor network (WBSN). Many studies have been performed to improve energy efficiency, but most of them have not focused on the biosensor nodes in the WBSN bottleneck zone. Energy consumption is a critical issue in WBSNs, as the nodes that are placed next to the sink node consume more energy. All biomedical packets are aggregated through these nodes forming a bottleneck zone. This study proposes a novel mathematical model for body area network topology to explain the deployment and connection between biosensor nodes, simple relay nodes, network coding (NC) relay nodes and the sink node. Therefore, this study is dedicated to research both the energy saving and delivery of data if there is a failure in one of the links of the transmission, which relates to the proposed random linear NC model in the WBSN. Using a novel mathematical model for the WBSN, it is apparent that energy consumption is reduced and data delivery achieved with the proposed mechanism. This study details the stages of the research work.
Jet-torus connection in radio galaxies
Authors: Fromm C. M. , Perucho M. , Porth O. , Younsi Z. , Ros E. , Mizuno Y. , Zensus J. A. , Rezzolla L.
Published: October 2017

Context. High resolution very long baseline interferometry observations of active galactic nuclei have revealed asymmetric structures in the jets of radio galaxies. These asymmetric structures may be due to internal asymmetries in the jets or they may be induced by the different conditions in the surrounding ambient medium, including the obscuring torus, or a combination of the two.

Aims. In this paper we investigate the influence of the ambient medium, including the obscuring torus, on the observed properties of jets from radio galaxies.

Methods. We performed special-relativistic hydrodynamic (SRHD) simulations of over-pressured and pressure-matched jets using the special-relativistic hydrodynamics code Ratpenat, which is based on a second-order accurate finite-volume method and an approximate Riemann solver. Using a newly developed radiative transfer code to compute the electromagnetic radiation, we modelled several jets embedded in various ambient medium and torus configurations and subsequently computed the non-thermal emission produced by the jet and thermal absorption from the torus. To better compare the emission simulations with observations we produced synthetic radio maps, taking into account the properties of the observatory.

Results. The detailed analysis of our simulations shows that the observed properties such as core shift could be used to distinguish between over-pressured and pressure matched jets. In addition to the properties of the jets, insights into the extent and density of the obscuring torus can be obtained from analyses of the single-dish spectrum and spectral index maps.
Optimal production model with quality sensitive market demand, partial backlogging and permissible delay in payment
Authors: Pal Brojeswar
Published: October 2017

In this study, we consider an imperfect production inventory system with quality of the products dependent market’s demand structures and allowable delay in payments. Two alternative approaches of trade credit policies have been discussed when the manufacturer could not pay the due amount to the supplier within the credit period offered. Here, a new cycle is begun with new production when the manufacturer’s inventory touches to a certain level of shortages. The cycle also ends when backlogged inventory level is reached a certain level. The backlogging rate for the player is dependent on waiting time. The production cost of the manufacturer varies with ordering lot size and quality of product. The behavior of the model under integrated system is analyzed. The sensitivity of the key parameters is examined to test feasibility of the model. Finally, a numerical example is provided to investigate the proposed model.
Convexity of graph-restricted games induced by minimum partitions
Authors: Skoda Alexandre
Published: October 2017

We consider restricted games on weighted graphs associated with minimum partitions. We replace in the classical definition of Myerson restricted game the connected components of any subgraph by the sub-components corresponding to a minimum partition. This minimum partition 𝒫min is i nduced by the deletion of the minimum weight edges. We provide five necessary conditions on the graph edge-weights to have inheritance of convexity from the underlying game to the restricted game associated with 𝒫min. Then, we establish that these conditions are also sufficient for a weaker condition, called ℱ-convexity, obtained by restriction of convexity to connected subsets. Moreover, we prove that inheritance of convexity for Myerson restricted game associated with a given graph G is equivalent to inheritance of ℱ-convexity for the 𝒫min-restricted game associated with a particular weighted graph G′ built from G by adding a dominating vertex, and with only two different edge-weights. Then, we prove that G is cycle-complete if and only if a specific condition on adjacent cycles is satisfied on G′.
Hybrid data mining heuristics for the heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem
Authors: Rodrigues de Holanda Maia Marcelo , Plastino Alexandre , Vaz Penna Puca Huachi
Published: October 2017

The vehicle routing problem consists of determining a set of routes for a fleet of vehicles to meet the demands of a given set of customers. The development and improvement of techniques for finding better solutions to this optimization problem have attracted considerable interest since such techniques can yield significant savings in transportation costs. The heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem is distinguished by the consideration of a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles, which is a very common scenario in real-world applications, rather than a homogeneous one. Hybrid versions of metaheuristics that incorporate data mining techniques have been applied to solve various optimization problems, with promising results. In this paper, we propose hybrid versions of a multi-start heuristic for the heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem based on the Iterated Local Search metaheuristic through the incorporation of data mining techniques. The results obtained in computational experiments show that the proposed hybrid heuristics demonstrate superior performance compared with the original heuristic, reaching better average solution costs with shorter run times.
Radical Stabilization Algorithm as a Predictive Tool for Novel and Reported Noncanonical Thiele’s Acid Analogues
Authors: Chen Jun , Lu Lingxiao , Wulff Jeremy
Published: October 2017

We recently showed that a simple radical-stabilization algorithm outperformed traditional frontier-molecular orbital methods for rationalizing the outcome of the venerable Thiele’s acid (or ester) Diels–Alder dimerization. In the present Communication, we describe a novel noncanonical Thiele-type dimerization of a cyclopentadiene phosphine oxide, and show that when steric factors are taken into account the ­radical-stabilization method once again correctly rationalizes the regio­chemical outcome for the reaction. We further show that the method appears to be general for all known Thiele- and half-Thiele dimerization events.
Below Knee Stump Reconstruction with a Foot Fillet Flap
Authors: Antonini Andrea , Pugliese Pierfrancesco , Panero Bernardino , Ciclamini Davide , Battiston Bruno , Tos Pierluigi
Published: October 2017

Background The “spare parts” approach to the reconstruction of below knee amputation, applied in acute trauma patients, can also be employed in elective surgery, ensuring knee salvage and a sensitive stump and enabling tissue harvesting without further donor-site morbidity.

Methods We present a series of eight cases, where leg amputation due to trauma or its sequelae was followed by reconstruction with skin or a composite flap from the foot. An osteocutaneous flap was used in two emergency patients with below knee amputation, where it allowed stump elongation and knee coverage, and in five secondary procedures, where it provided both stump length and sensitive skin coverage. The skin of the foot was used in one case to cover the tibial stump. Fixation was accomplished with 2-mm Kirschner wires in the emergency patients and with an external fixator (n = 5) or by internal fixation (n = 1) in the elective procedures. Any complications were minor. Secondary compression with an external fixator was required in one emergency patient due to delayed bone healing.

Results All knees healed. Sensibility was restored in all patients with a posterior tibial nerve suture (S4) and was well preserved in those without nerve coaptation. No patients reported problems with the prosthesis at a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Knee flexion and extension were comparable to those of the contralateral limb.

Conclusion The “spare parts” concept is a reliable approach to tibial stump reconstruction. External fixation in elective procedures allowed immediate weight bearing and bone healing. In emergency patients, rapid fixation with wires provided satisfactory results.
Role of Negative Pressure Therapy as Damage Control in Soft Tissue Reconstruction for Open Tibial Fractures
Authors: Valdatta Luigi , Tos Pierluigi , D'Arpa Salvatore , Troisi Luigi , Igor Pellegatta , Corradi Federica , Khan Umraz , Cherubino Mario
Published: October 2017

The concept of damage control orthopaedics (DCO) is a strategy that focuses on managing orthopaedic injuries in polytrauma patients who are in an unstable physiological state. The concept of DCO is an extension of damage control surgery or damage limitation surgery (DCS/DLS). Recently, it has become clear that certain patients, following extensive soft tissue trauma, could benefit from the idea of DCS. In the management of severe lower extremity trauma with exposed fracture sites, aggressive early wound excision debridement, early internal fixation, and vascularized wound coverage within a few days after trauma were proposed. A negative-pressure dressing can be easily and rapidly applied to obtain a temporary closure between surgical stages. While negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has clear indications in the management of chronic wounds, its applications in the acute setting in victims of polytrauma are uneven. We conducted a review of the current clinical literature to evaluate the role of NPWT in this field, which points out that the negative pressure, applied immediately after the first debridement, seems to be an optimal bridge to the final reconstruction up to 7 days.
Achilles Region Soft-Tissue Defects: A Reconstructive Algorithm Based on a Series of 46 Cases
Authors: Innocenti Marco , Ghezzi Serena , Delcroix Luca , Innocenti Alessandro
Published: October 2017

Background Several options have been described for soft-tissue reconstruction in Achilles tendon region (ATR). The best procedure should be customized according to any single case taking into account the number of structures involved, the quality of the neighboring skin, and patient's general condition. The aim of this article is to describe a simplified reconstructive algorithm based on personal experience and reviewing literature.

Methods Forty-four patients, who underwent ATR soft-tissue reconstruction between 1998 and 2016, have been retrospectively reviewed. Etiologies of the defect include the following: 18 posttraumatic, 10 postoncologic, 14 dehiscence/infection, and 2 chronic ulcers. Follow-up ranges between 12 and 96 months. Free flaps have been used in 30 cases (including two secondary surgeries due to propeller flap failure) and propeller flaps have been used in 16 cases.

Results Thirty-six flaps survived uneventfully (78.3%). Total flap necrosis occurred in three cases (6.5%), namely, two propeller flaps and one free flap. Partial necrosis of the flap was observed in seven cases (15, 2%): three in the free flap group and four in the propeller group. The functional recovery was very good in all the patients without involvement of the tendon and also all the patients who underwent a simultaneous reconstruction of the tendon with different techniques recovered a full weight bearing and a satisfactory range of motion.

Conclusion Propeller flaps are a valuable option for skin reconstruction in case of defects of small and medium size not involving the tendon. In case of larger defects and when a simultaneous ATR reconstruction is required, a free flap seems to be a better option.
Accessory Anteromedial Portal may not Provide Clinically Superior Results Compared with the Anteromedial Portal in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ye Shu-Ming , Jing Jue-Hua , Lv Hao , Zhang Ji-Sen , Xu Xin-Zhong , Xu Chun-Gui , Zhou Yun , Xu You-Jia
Published: October 2017

Techniques using the anteromedial portal (AMP) and accessory anteromedial portal (AAMP) are commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiological and clinical outcomes of arthroscopic single-bundle ACL reconstruction using the AMP or AAMP technique to drill the femoral tunnel. The records of 157 patients who underwent single-bundle ACL reconstruction using the AMP or AAMP technique between 2011 and 2015 were reviewed. The femoral tunnel clock-face position and femoral tunnel and tibial tunnel anterior–posterior (AP) inclination angles were assessed on axial or AP magnetic resonance images. At last follow-up, the Lachman test and pivot-shift test were used to evaluate AP and rotational stability, respectively. The Lysholm knee scoring scale and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) form were used to evaluate clinical and functional results. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in patient age, sex, follow-up period, or affected side distribution. The mean femoral tunnel inclination angle was 31.13 ± 8.06 degrees in the AMP group and 30.17 ± 9.02 degrees in the AAMP group (p = 0.513). The tibial tunnel inclination angle in the AMP group (16.28 ± 7.89 degrees) was not different from that in the AAMP group (13.70 ± 6.08 degrees). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the Lachman test, pivot-shift test, Lysholm knee scoring scale, or IKDC scores. The AAMP technique was not clinically superior to the AMP technique in ACL reconstruction. This is a retrospective comparative study and its level of evidence is III.
Haltungs- und fütterungsbedingte Erkrankungen beim Frettchen
Authors: Brezina Tina , Thöle Milena , Fehr Michael
Published: October 2017

Obwohl Frettchen (Mustela putorius furo) ursprünglich Europäer sind, bringen sie mit ihrer quirligen und
lustigen Art etwas Exotik in die heimischen Wohnzimmer. Bei aller Ähnlichkeit zu Hund und Katze sollte
man dennoch nicht vergessen, dass Frettchen Tiere mit spezifischen Ansprüchen sind, die Tierbesitzer und
Tierärzte vor Herausforderungen stellen. Aufklärung, Beratung und Prävention sind demnach insbesondere in
Bezug auf vermeidbare Erkrankungen durch Fütterungs- oder Haltungsfehler enorm wichtig.
Viruserkrankungen bei Echsen – Welche Erreger von Bedeutung sind
Authors: Neul Annkatrin
Published: October 2017

Echsen, insbesondere Bartagamen, sind in den deutschen Haushalten immer beliebter. Virale Erkrankungen
haben dabei eine zunehmende Bedeutung als Ursache für erkrankte Tiere. Die bedeutendste Viruserkrankung
bei Echsen ist dabei die Infektion mit Adenoviren. Die ebenfalls beschriebenen Reovirus- und
Iridovirusinfektionen sind derzeit zwar noch verhältnismäßig selten anzutreffen, scheinen jedoch immer
bedeutender zu werden.
Das Os ethmoidale
Authors: Corts Magga
Published: October 2017

Das Siebbein (Os ethmoidale) ist ein kleiner Knochen des Kraniums (Schädel). Es wird dem Viszerokranium (Gesichtsschädel) zugeordnet. Es hat eine bedeutende Funktion für das Riechen und die Belüftung der Nase.
Ätherische Öle sicher anwenden
Authors: Ahl Anja M
Published: October 2017

Die folgenden Informationen helfen, die richtigen Öle für die Aromatherapie zu finden, sie gezielt zu dosieren und so ihre wohltuende Wirkung voll und ganz genießen zu können.
Homöopathische Begleitung bei Zahnschmerzen
Authors: Schule Roland
Published: October 2017

Bei Schmerzen und Funktionsstörungen in der Mundhöhle und am Kauapparat sollte immer eine zahnärztliche, klinische Untersuchung erfolgen. Notwendige konservierende oder chirurgische Maßnahmen und Therapien dürfen nicht übersehen werden. Eine begleitende Therapie mit homöopathischen Arzneien im Sinne der akuten Krankheiten bietet viele Möglichkeiten, von der begleitenden Unterstützung bis hin zur Schmerzbeseitigung und Ausheilung von krankhaften Prozessen. Wie in vielen anderen klinischen Bereichen auch ist hier ein Miteinander der verschiedenen medizinischen Systeme immer zielführender und für den Patienten schonender als ein Entweder-oder.
Möglichkeiten der Homöopathie bei funktionellen Bauchschmerzen im Kindesalter
Authors: Lucae Christian
Published: October 2017

Bauchschmerzen zählen zu den häufig vorkommenden Vorstellungsgründen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Es gibt bestimmte Kriterien, um Bauchschmerzen mit organischen Ursachen von den funktionellen Bauchschmerzen im Kindesalter abzugrenzen. Warnzeichen, die zu einer weiteren Abklärung der Beschwerden führen müssen, werden dargestellt. Schließlich stellt die Homöopathie eine praktische Methode dar, die zur Therapie funktioneller Bauchschmerzen geeignet ist. Einige Kasuistiken werden dazu vorgestellt.
Ein Fall von Herpes zoster
Authors: Jauch-Wimmer Brigitte
Published: October 2017

Es wird über den Verlauf eines akuten Herpes zoster rechts lumbal mit ausgeprägtem entzündlichem Bläschenausschlag und neuralgischen, auch nächtlichen Schmerzen sowie grippeähnlichen Allgemeinsymptomen berichtet. Die homöopathische Behandlung war binnen 4 Wochen mittels Rhus toxicodendron, Mercurius, Ranunculus bulbosus erfolgreich, ohne lokale Zinksalbe oder antivirale Mittel. Es kam zu keiner Chronifizierung.
Einfach nur der Nase nach
Authors: Casagrande C
Published: October 2017

Düfte berühren unsere Seele tief und unmittelbar. Düfte speichern Erinnerungen unauslöschlich. Die DHZ-Kolumne von HP Christina Casagrande.
Zukunft Regionale Versorgung – Forschung, Innovation, Kooperation
Authors: Hoffmann Wolfgang , Neugebauer Edmund
Published: October 2017

Liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen, sehr geehrte Damen und Herren,

die Versorgungsforschung entwickelt sich derzeit rasch und dynamisch, wir erleben eine Professionalisierung der VersorgungsforscherInnen und gleichzeitig eine wachsende Wahrnehmung unserer Forschung bei den Akteuren des Gesundheitssystems und in der Gesundheitspolitik. Deutschlandweit wurden große Förderprogramme in der Versorgungsforschung ausgeschrieben. Das BMBF stellt insgesamt 50 Millionen Euro für den „Aktionsplan Versorgungsforschung“ bereit, mit denen Pogramme zum Aufbau von Zentren der gesundheitsökonomischen Forschung, Strukturförderung im Bereich Altersforschung, Kooperationsnetze für die Versorgungsforschung und zuletzt der Aufbau forschungsbezogener Register gefördert werden.
Krankheiten am Geruch erkennen
Authors: Schmid Eva C
Published: October 2017

Jeder Mensch hat einen einzigartigen Körpergeruch. Doch nicht nur starkes Schwitzen, Zigaretten und der Verzehr von Knoblauch können diesen verändern oder zu Atemgeruch (Foetor ex ore) führen. Auch ernsthafte Erkrankungen können sich dahinter verbergen.
Projekte der Innovationsfonds stellen sich vor
Authors: Hoffmann Wolfgang , Biermann Josefin , van den Berg Neeltje , Zwingmann Ina
Published: October 2017

Vom 4. bis 6. Oktober 2017 findet in Berlin der 16. Deutsche Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF) statt. Unter dem Motto „Zukunft regionale Versorgung – Forschung, Innovation, Kooperation“ diskutieren Experten die jüngsten Ergebnisse der Versorgungsforschung. Einen Schwerpunkt des Kongresses stellen die geförderten Projekte des Innovationsfonds sowie die Projekte der „BMBF Förderung Strukturaufbau in der Versorgungsforschung – Kooperationsnetze für die Versorgungsforschung“ und der BMBF Medizininformatikinitiative dar. Auf dem DKVF werden alle Bänke des G-BA, zahlreiche VertreterInnen aller Versorgungsbereiche, das BMG und die meisten zuständigen Länderministerien vertreten sein.
Wenn Düfte verblassen
Authors: Welge-Lüssen Antje
Published: October 2017

Rund 15 % der Bevölkerung leiden an einer verminderten Geruchswahrnehmung. Bei 5 % der Bevölkerung fehlt das Riechvermögen komplett. Eine veränderte Geruchswahrnehmung kann viele Ursachen haben. Sie ist mit erheblichen Einbußen an Lebensqualität verbunden. Es ist wichtig, die Geruchswahrnehmung psychophysisch mittels standardisierter und validierter Tests zu überprüfen, um eine Riechstörung nachzuweisen.
Hyperspectral Imaging and Support Vector Machine: A Powerful Combination to Differentiate Black Cohosh (Actaea racemosa) from Other Cohosh Species
Authors: Tankeu Sidonie , Vermaak Ilze , Chen Weiyang , Sandasi Maxleene , Kamatou Guy , Viljoen Alvaro
Published: October 2017

Actaea racemosa (black cohosh) has a history of traditional use in the treatment of general gynecological problems. However, the plant is known to be vulnerable to adulteration with other cohosh species. This study evaluated the use of shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging (SWIR-HSI) in tandem with chemometric data analysis as a fast alternative method for the discrimination of four cohosh species (Actaea racemosa, Actaea podocarpa, Actaea pachypoda, Actaea cimicifuga) and 36 commercial products labelled as black cohosh. The raw material and commercial products were analyzed using SWIR-HSI and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) followed by chemometric modeling. From SWIR-HSI data (920 – 2514 nm), the range containing the discriminating information of the four species was identified as 1204 – 1480 nm using Matlab software. After reduction of the data set range, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine discriminant analysis (SVM-DA) models with coefficients of determination (R2
) of ≥ 0.8 were created. The novel SVM-DA model showed better predictions and was used to predict the commercial product content. Seven out of 36 commercial products were recognized by the SVM-DA model as being true black cohosh while 29 products indicated adulteration. Analysis of the UHPLC-MS data demonstrated that six commercial products could be authentic black cohosh. This was confirmed using the fragmentation patterns of three black cohosh markers (cimiracemoside C; 12-β,21-dihydroxycimigenol-3-O-L-arabinoside; and 24-O-acetylhydroshengmanol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside). SWIR-HSI in conjunction with chemometric tools (SVM-DA) could identify 80% adulteration of commercial products labelled as black cohosh.
Critical current oscillations of elliptical Josephson junctions with single-domain ferromagnetic layers
Authors: Glick Joseph A. , Khasawneh Mazin A. , Niedzielski Bethany M. , Loloee Reza , Pratt W. P. , Birge Norman O. , Gingrich E. C. , Kotula P. G. , Missert N.
Published: October 2017

Josephson junctions containing ferromagnetic layers are of considerable interest for the development of practical cryogenic memory and superconducting qubits. Such junctions exhibit a ground-state phase shift of π for certain ranges of ferromagnetic layer thicknesses. We present studies of Nb based micron-scale elliptically shaped Josephson junctions containing ferromagnetic barriers of Ni81Fe19 or Ni65Fe15Co20. By applying an external magnetic field, the critical current of the junctions is found to follow characteristic Fraunhofer patterns and display sharp switching behavior suggestive of single-domain magnets. The high quality of the Fraunhofer patterns enables us to extract the maximum value of the critical current even when the peak is shifted significantly outside the range of the data due to the magnetic moment of the ferromagnetic layer. The maximum value of the critical current oscillates as a function of the ferromagnetic barrier thickness, indicating transitions in the phase difference across the junction between values of zero and π. We compare the data to previous work and to models of the 0-π transitions based on existing theories.
A novel L-band coaxial transit-time oscillator with tunable frequency
Authors: Song Lili , He Juntao , Ling Junpu
Published: October 2017

A novel L-band coaxial Transit-time Oscillator (TTO) with mechanical frequency tunability is put forward and analyzed. A smooth inner conductor is adopted, and its radius is tenth of the one of the outer conductor. Compared with the traditional coaxial TTO with gaps in the inner conductor, the vertical distance between the outer and inner conductor is longer, as a result, higher power capacity is achieved. With the diode voltage and current as 600kV and 13kA, respectively, an L-band output microwave with frequency of 1.48 GHz and power of 3.2 GW is achieved. The efficiency can be 41%. Furthermore, by modulating the radius of the outer conductor, the working frequency ranges from 1.38 GHz to 1.52 GHz while the output power is higher than 1.0 GW. The frequency tuning range of the coaxial TTO is 9.5% of the central frequency. Besides, the electric field distribution is analyzed and shows that the longitudinal and transverse working modes are TM01 and π mode, respectively.
Physical-chemical characterization of the textile dye Azo Ab52 degradation by corona plasma
Authors: Gómez A. , Torres-Arenas A. J. , Vergara-Sánchez J. , Torres C. , Reyes P. G. , Martínez H. , Saldarriaga-Noreña Hugo
Published: October 2017

This work characterizes the degradation of the textile dye azo Acid Black 52 by measuring several physical and chemical parameters. A corona plasma was created at atmospheric pressure and applied on the liquid-air interface of water samples containing the dye. 1.0 mM of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) was added to 1.0 mM dye solution, for a total volume of 250 mL. For each treatment, a number of parameters were quantified. These were voltage, current, temperature, loss of volume, pH, electrical conductivity, concentration, optical mission spectra, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), and the removal ratio. Because of the increase in the sample temperature, the volume lost by evaporation was explored. The results show that the efficiency of the dye degradation by plasma is a function of treatment time. Moreover, the reactive concentration of FeSO4 and the exposition time of the plasma were varied at a constant volume, leading to the determination of the concentrations and optimal times. Considering the degradation and removal parameters, at the maximum treated time of 80 min, it found that COD was of 96.36%, TOC of 93.93%, and the removal ratio of 97.47%.
CaFe2O4 as a self-sufficient solar energy converter
Authors: Tablero C.
Published: October 2017

An ideal solar energy to electricity or fuel converter should work without the use of any external bias potential. An analysis of self-sufficiency when CaFe2O4 is used to absorb the sunlight is carried out based on the CaFe2O4 absorption coefficient. We started to obtain this coefficient theoretically within the experimental bandgap range in order to fix the interval of possible values of photocurrents, maximum absorption efficiencies, and photovoltages and thus that of self-sufficiency considering only the radiative processes. Also for single-gap CaFe2O4, we evaluate an alternative for increasing the photocurrent and maximum absorption efficiency based on inserting an intermediate band using high doping or alloying.
Communication: Demonstration of a 20 ps X-ray switch based on a photoacoustic transducer
Authors: Jarnac A. , Wang Xiaocui , Bengtsson Å. U. J. , Ekström J. C. , Enquist H. , Jurgilaitis A. , Kroon D. , Persson A. I. H. , Pham V.-T. , Tu C. M. , Larsson J.
Published: October 2017

We have studied an X-ray switch based on a gold coated indium antimonide crystal using time-resolved X-ray diffraction and demonstrated that the switch could reduce the pulse duration of a 100 ps X-ray pulse down to 20 ps with a peak reflectivity of 8%. We have used a dynamical diffraction code to predict the performance of the switch, which was then confirmed experimentally. The experiment was carried out at the FemtoMAX beamline at the short-pulse facility of the MAX IV laboratory. The performance and limitation of the switch are discussed in terms of acoustic transport properties between the two materials and the electron transport properties of gold.
Electronic structure and x-ray spectroscopy of Cu2MnAl1–xGax
Authors: Rai D. P. , Ekuma C. E. , Boochani A. , Solaymani S. , Thapa R. K.
Published: October 2017

We explore the electronic and related properties of Cu2MnAl1–xGax with a first-principles, relativistic multiscattering Green function approach. We discuss our results in relation to existing experimental data and show that the electron-core hole interaction is essential for the description of the optical spectra especially in describing the X-ray absorption and magnetic circular dichroism spectra at the L2,3 edges of Cu and Mn.
Analytical modeling and analysis of magnetic field and torque for novel axial flux eddy current couplers with PM excitation
Authors: Li Zhao , Wang Dazhi , Zheng Di , Yu Linxin
Published: October 2017

Rotational permanent magnet eddy current couplers are promising devices for torque and speed transmission without any mechanical contact. In this study, flux-concentration disk-type permanent magnet eddy current couplers with double conductor rotor are investigated. Given the drawback of the accurate three-dimensional finite element method, this paper proposes a mixed two-dimensional analytical modeling approach. Based on this approach, the closed-form expressions of magnetic field, eddy current, electromagnetic force and torque for such devices are obtained. Finally, a three-dimensional finite element method is employed to validate the analytical results. Besides, a prototype is manufactured and tested for the torque-speed characteristic.
Note: Demodulation of spectral signal modulated by optical chopper with unstable modulation frequency
Authors: Zhang Shengzhao , Li Gang , Wang Jiexi , Wang Donggen , Han Ying , Cao Hui , Lin Ling , Diao Chunhong
Published: October 2017

When an optical chopper is used to modulate the light source, the rotating speed of the wheel may vary with time and subsequently cause jitter of the modulation frequency. The amplitude calculated from the modulated signal would be distorted when the frequency fluctuations occur. To precisely calculate the amplitude of the modulated light flux, we proposed a method to estimate the range of the frequency fluctuation in the measurement of the spectrum and then extract the amplitude based on the sum of power of the signal in the selected frequency range. Experiments were designed to test the feasibility of the proposed method and the results showed lower root means square error than the conventional way.
Direct statistical simulation of jets and vortices in 2D flows
Authors: Tobias S. M. , Marston J. B.
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we perform direct statistical simulations of a model of two-dimensional flow that exhibits a transition from jets to vortices. The model employs two-scale Kolmogorov forcing, with energy injected directly into the zonal mean of the flow. We compare these results with those from direct numerical simulations. For square domains, the solution takes the form of jets, but as the aspect ratio is increased, a transition to isolated coherent vortices is found. We find that a truncation at second order in the equal-time but nonlocal cumulants that employ zonal averaging (zonal CE2) is capable of capturing the form of the jets for a range of Reynolds numbers as well as the transition to the vortex state but, unsurprisingly, is unable to reproduce the correlations found for the fully nonlinear (non-zonally symmetric) vortex state. This result continues the program of promising advances in statistical theories of turbulence championed by Kraichnan.
2D PIV measurement on the interaction zone between two parallel planar jets in a crossflow
Authors: Zhao Kun , Okolo Patrick N. , Kennedy John , Bennett Gareth J.
Published: October 2017

This paper reports an experimental investigation on the zone between two parallel planar jets in a crossflow, termed as the interaction zone. The experiment was conducted using 2D PIV measurement, which involves a test matrix designed for a parametric study. Based on both mean and instantaneous results, effects of different parameters, i.e. front jet velocity, space between the two jets, and crossflow flow velocity, on the interaction zone were analysed. The two coupled recirculation structures, size, velocity field, and turbulence characteristics of the interaction zone are discussed. In addition, the large-scale vortices inside the interaction zone were recognised using Γ1 value. How these different parameters affect the evolution of these vortices was also studied.
Complex Friedrichs systems and applications
Authors: Antonić Nenad , Burazin Krešimir , Crnjac Ivana , Erceg Marko
Published: October 2017

Recently, there has been a significant development of the abstract theory of Friedrichs systems in Hilbert spaces [Ern, A., Guermond, J.-L., and Caplain, G., Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 32, 317–341 (2007) and Antonić, N. and Burazin, K., Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 35, 1690–1715 (2010)] and its applications to specific problems in mathematical physics. However, these applications were essentially restricted to real systems. We check that the already developed theory of abstract Friedrichs systems can be adjusted to the complex setting, with some necessary modifications, which allows for applications to partial differential equations with complex coefficients. We also provide examples where the involved Hilbert space is not the space of square integrable functions, as it was the case in previous studies, but rather its closed subspace or the space Hs(Rd;Cr), for real s. This setting appears to be suitable for particular systems of partial differential equations, such as the Dirac system, the Dirac-Klein-Gordon system, the Dirac-Maxwell system, and the time-harmonic Maxwell system, which are all addressed in the paper. Moreover, for the time-harmonic Maxwell system, we also applied a suitable version of the two-field theory with partial coercivity assumption which is developed in this paper.
A temperature compensated dielectric test cell for accurately measuring the complex permittivity of liquids
Authors: Risos Alex , Long Nicholas , Gouws Gideon
Published: October 2017

A measurement of the complex permittivity, εr, of a liquid can give valuable information about the molecular polarizability and dielectric losses. This can be obtained by means of an impedance measurement using a parallel plate test cell. However, highly accurate and precise measurements are challenging, in particular when measuring as a function of temperature. Thermal expansion affects the geometry of a test cell and thus the measured capacitance from which εr is calculated. In this paper, a broadband four-terminal dielectric test cell is presented that is insensitive to temperature fluctuations. This was achieved by means of a cell geometry exploiting the thermal expansion coefficient of different materials. Experimental measurements on the manufactured cell yielded a stable capacitance of 35.322 ± 0.001 pF across 20 °C–90 °C. The capacitance stayed within ±0.01 pF over multiple experimental cycles of cleaning and assembly. A finite element modeling showed a theoretical accuracy in measuring εr better than 99.995%. The measured εr values for a number of standard liquids showed an agreement of 99.7% compared to literature values.