bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitization, energy transfer and infra-red emission decay modulation in Yb3+-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles with visible light through a perfluoroanthraquinone chromophore
Authors: Lu Haizhou , Peng Yu , Ye Huanqing , Cui Xianjin , Hu Jianxu , Gu Hang , Khlobystov Andrei N. , Green Mark A. , Blower Philip J. , Wyatt Peter B. , Gillin William P. , Hernández Ignacio
Published: July 2017

Infra-red emission (980 nm) of sub 10 nm Yb3+-doped NaYF4 nanoparticles has been sensitized through the excitation of 2-hydroxyperfluoroanthraquinone chromophore (1,2,3,4,5,6,7-heptafluro-8-hydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione) functionalizing the nanoparticle surface. The sensitization is achieved with a broad range of visible light excitation (400–600 nm). The overall near infra-red (NIR) emission intensity of Yb3+ ions is increased by a factor 300 as a result of the broad and strong absorption of the chromophore compared with ytterbium’s intrinsic absorption. Besides the Yb3+ NIR emission, the hybrid composite shows organic chromophore-based visible emission in the orange-red region of the spectrum. We observe the energy migration process from the sensitized Yb3+ ions at the surface to those in the core of the particle using time-resolved optical spectroscopy. This highlights that the local environments for emitting Yb3+ ions at the surface and center of the nanoparticle are not identical, which causes important differences in the NIR emission dynamics. Based on the understanding of these processes, we suggest a simple strategy to control and modulate the decay time of the functionalized Yb3+-doped nanoparticles over a relatively large range by changing physical or chemical parameters in this model system.
Thermometry of bosonic mixtures in Optical Lattices via Demixing
Authors: Lingua F. , Capogrosso-Sansone B. , Minardi F. , Penna V.
Published: July 2017

Motivated by recent experiments and theoretical investigations on binary mixtures, we investigate the miscible-immiscible transition at finite temperature by means of Quantum Monte Carlo. Based on the observation that the segregated phase is strongly affected by temperature, we propose to use the degree of demixing for thermometry of a binary bosonic mixture trapped in an optical lattice. We show that the proposed method is especially sensitive at low temperatures, of the order of the tunnelling amplitude, and therefore is particularly suitable in the regime where quantum magnetism is expected.
All muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-M5) are expressed in murine brain microvascular endothelium
Authors: Radu Beatrice Mihaela , Osculati Antonio Marco Maria , Suku Eda , Banciu Adela , Tsenov Grygoriy , Merigo Flavia , Di Chio Marzia , Banciu Daniel Dumitru , Tognoli Cristina , Kacer Petr , Giorgetti Alejandro , Radu Mihai , Bertini Giuseppe , Fabene Paolo Francesco
Published: July 2017

Clinical and experimental studies indicate that muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are potential pharmacological targets for the treatment of neurological diseases. Although these receptors have been described in human, bovine and rat cerebral microvascular tissue, a subtype functional characterization in mouse brain endothelium is lacking. Here, we show that all muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-M5) are expressed in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells. The mRNA expression of M2, M3, and M5correlates with their respective protein abundance, but a mismatch exists for M1and M4mRNA versus protein levels. Acetylcholine activates calcium transients in brain endothelium via muscarinic, but not nicotinic, receptors. Moreover, although M1and M3are the most abundant receptors, only a small fraction of M1is present in the plasma membrane and functions in ACh-induced Ca2+signaling. Bioinformatic analyses performed on eukaryotic muscarinic receptors demonstrate a high degree of conservation of the orthosteric binding site and a great variability of the allosteric site. In line with previous studies, this result indicates muscarinic acetylcholine receptors as potential pharmacological targets in future translational studies. We argue that research on drug development should especially focus on the allosteric binding sites of the M1and M3receptors.
Hydrogen sulfide acts as a double-edged sword in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through EGFR/ERK/MMP-2 and PTEN/AKT signaling pathways
Authors: Wu Dongdong , Li Mengling , Tian Wenke , Wang Shuaiwei , Cui Longzhen , Li Hui , Wang Huijuan , Ji Ailing , Li Yanzhang
Published: July 2017

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is involved in cancer biological processes. However, there are several controversies concerning the role of H2S in cancer development and progression. In this study, we found that the growth and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells were enhanced by 10–100 μM NaHS and dose-dependently inhibited by 600–1000 μM NaHS. The apoptotic levels were reduced by 25–100 μM NaHS but increased by 400–1000 μM NaHS in HCC cells. After treatment with 25–50 μM NaHS, the protein levels of p-EGFR, p-ERK, MMP-2, and p-AKT were increased, whereas the levels of PTEN and the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 were down-regulated. Administration of 800–1000 μM NaHS showed opposite effects on these protein levels in HCC cells. However, H2S showed no effects on the growth, migration, apoptosis, and the protein levels of the EGFR/ERK/MMP-2 and PTEN/AKT signaling pathways in L02 cells. Furthermore, 25–100 μM NaHS promoted HCC tumor growth and blood vessel formation, while 800–1000 μM NaHS inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth with no obvious systemic toxicity. These results indicate that H2S acts as a double-edged sword in HCC cells through EGFR/ERK/MMP-2 and PTEN/AKT signaling pathways. Novel H2S donors could be designed and applied for further antitumor research.
Semantic congruent audiovisual integration during the encoding stage of working memory: an ERP and sLORETA study
Authors: Xie Yuanjun , Xu Yuanyuan , Bian Chen , Li Min
Published: July 2017

Although multisensory integration is an inherent component of functional brain organization, multisensory integration during working memory (WM) has attracted little attention. The present study investigated the neural properties underlying the multisensory integration of WM by comparing semantically related bimodal stimulus presentations with unimodal stimulus presentations and analysing the results using the standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) source location approach. The results showed that the memory retrieval reaction times during congruent audiovisual conditions were faster than those during unisensory conditions. Moreover, our findings indicated that the event-related potential (ERP) for simultaneous audiovisual stimuli differed from the ERP for the sum of unisensory constituents during the encoding stage and occurred within a 236–530 ms timeframe over the frontal and parietal-occipital electrodes. The sLORETA images revealed a distributed network of brain areas that participate in the multisensory integration of WM. These results suggested that information inputs from different WM subsystems yielded nonlinear multisensory interactions and became integrated during the encoding stage. The multicomponent model of WM indicates that the central executive could play a critical role in the integration of information from different slave systems.
Atomic-Layer-Deposition Assisted Formation of Wafer-Scale Double-Layer Metal Nanoparticles with Tunable Nanogap for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Cao Yan-Qiang , Qin Kang , Zhu Lin , Qian Xu , Zhang Xue-Jin , Wu Di , Li Ai-Dong
Published: July 2017

A simple high-throughput approach is presented in this work to fabricate the Au nanoparticles (NPs)/nanogap/Au NPs structure for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This plasmonic nanostructure can be prepared feasibly by the combination of rapid thermal annealing (RTA), atomic layer deposition (ALD) and chemical etching process. The nanogap size between Au NPs can be easily and precisely tuned to nanometer scale by adjusting the thickness of sacrificial ALD Al2O3 layer. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation data indicate that most of enhanced field locates at Au NPs nanogap area. Moreover, Au NPs/nanogap/Au NPs structure with smaller gap exhibits the larger electromagnetic field. Experimental results agree well with FDTD simulation data, the plasmonic structure with smaller nanogap size has a stronger Raman intensity. There is highly strong plasmonic coupling in the Au nanogap, so that a great SERS effect is obtained when detecting methylene blue (MB) molecules with an enhancement factor (EF) over 107. Furthermore, this plasmonic nanostructure can be designed on large area with high density and high intensity hot spots. This strategy of producing nanoscale metal gap on large area has significant implications for ultrasensitive Raman detection and practical SERS application.
Spatial and spectral resolution of carbonaceous material from hematite (α-Fe2O3) using multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) with Raman microspectroscopic mapping: implications for the search for life on Mars
Authors: Smith Joseph P. , Smith Frank C. , Booksh Karl S.
Published: July 2017

We report a novel application of multivariate analysis with Raman microspectroscopic mapping to enhance the search for life on Mars.
A redox-responsive selenium-containing pillar[5]arene-based macrocyclic amphiphile: synthesis, controllable self-assembly in water, and application in controlled release
Authors: Zhou Yujuan , Jie Kecheng , Huang Feihe
Published: July 2017

A selenium-containing pillar[5]arene-based macrocyclic amphiphile was prepared. This amphiphile self-assembled in water to form vesicles with redox responsiveness. Then, these pillar[5]arene-based vesicles were used in the controlled release of DOX.
Will they co-crystallize?
Authors: Wicker Jerome G. P. , Crowley Lorraine M. , Robshaw Oliver , Little Edmund J. , Stokes Stephen P. , Cooper Richard I. , Lawrence Simon E.
Published: July 2017

Co-crystal screening data and machine learning models allows prediction of the most likely co-formers to use for new molecules.
Topology of internally constrained polymer chains
Authors: Heidari Maziar , Satarifard Vahid , Tans Sander J. , Ejtehadi Mohammad Reza , Mashaghi Samaneh , Mashaghi Alireza
Published: July 2017

An interacting partner can provide external control over folding rates and realized topologies.
The effect of Hofmeister anions on water structure at protein surfaces
Authors: Lee Euihyun , Choi Jun-Ho , Cho Minhaeng
Published: July 2017

To understand the effects of specific ions on protein–water interactions and the thermodynamic stability of proteins in salt solutions, we use a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to examine the water structure, orientational distribution, and dynamics near the surface of ubiquitin.
Structural insights into the multinuclear speciation of tetravalent cerium in the tri-n-butyl phosphate–n-dodecane solvent extraction system
Authors: Antonio Mark R. , Ellis Ross J. , Estes Shanna L. , Bera Mrinal K.
Published: July 2017

Macroscopic phase behaviors in the liquid–liquid extraction are explained by microscopic, reverse micellar fluid structures containing tetranuclear Ce(iv) clusters revealed by use of X-ray spectroscopy and scattering of the light and dense organic phases.
Enhanced and durable electrocatalytic performance of thin layer PtRu bimetallic alloys on Pd-nanocubes for methanol oxidation reactions
Authors: Yousaf Ammar Bin , Imran M. , Kasak Peter , Zavahir Fathima Sifani , Zaidi Syed Javaid , Fernandez Carlos
Published: July 2017

Enhanced and durable electrocatalytic performance of thin layer PtRu bimetallic alloys on Pd-nanocubes for methanol oxidation reactions.
Catalytic consequences of Ga promotion on Cu for CO2hydrogenation to methanol
Authors: Medina Juan C. , Figueroa Manuel , Manrique Raydel , Rodríguez Pereira Jhonatan , Srinivasan Priya D. , Bravo-Suárez Juan J. , Baldovino Medrano Víctor G. , Jiménez Romel , Karelovic Alejandro
Published: July 2017

The addition of Ga to Cu/SiO2generates new active sites increasing selectivity to methanol. The mechanistic implications are studied byin situDRIFTS and kinetic experiments.
Dendritic mesoporous silica–titania nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic activities
Authors: Lin Chun Xiang Cynthia , Xu Chun , Yang Yannan , Lei Chang , Zhang Haijiao , Yu Chengzhong
Published: July 2017

Dendritic mesoporous silica–titania nanospheres (DMSTN) show remarkable performance as a photocatalyst and an adsorbent for photochromic methylene green (MG) dye.
Structure activity relationship of heparin mimicking polymer p(SS-co-PEGMA): effect of sulfonation and polymer size on FGF2-receptor binding
Authors: Paluck Samantha J. , Maynard Heather D.
Published: July 2017

Two libraries of heparin mimicking polymers were synthesized to determine the optimal sulfonation and chain length for fibroblast growth factor-2 receptor binding.
Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of hetero-substituted oxindoles
Authors: Dalpozzo Renato
Published: July 2017

The construction of chiral disubstituted oxindoles is an intriguing challenge for organic chemists.
Negative differential resistance and spin filter effects in VS2 monolayers
Authors: Peng G. W. , Zhu L. , Yao K. L.
Published: July 2017

We have calculated the spin current based on the bias voltage, band structure and transmission spectrum for VS2 monolayers along the zigzag and armchair orientations by first-principles calculations combined with the non-equilibrium Green's function method.
Syntheses, characterisation, and catalytic role of (η5-C5Me5)Rh(iii) guanidinato complexes in transfer hydrogenation (TH) and TH–etherification
Authors: Kumar Robin , Thirupathi Natesan
Published: July 2017

Complex 3 has been synthesised and its catalytic activity in base assisted and base free transfer hydrogenation (TH) of a variety of carbonyl compounds and TH–etherification of substrates such as 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde have been achieved.
A new guanylhydrazone derivative as a potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease: synthesis, molecular docking, biological evaluation and kinetic studies by nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Ferreira Neto Denise Cristian , de Souza Ferreira Marcelle , da Conceição Petronilho Elaine , Alencar Lima Josélia , Oliveira Francisco de Azeredo Sirlene , de Oliveira Carneiro Brum Juliana , Jorge do Nascimento Claudia , Figueroa Villar José Daniel
Published: July 2017

Molecular docking, in silico studies and NMR show that the new guanylhydrazone is a promising compound for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Advances in electrode materials for Li-based rechargeable batteries
Authors: Zhang Hui , Mao Chengyu , Li Jianlin , Chen Ruiyong
Published: July 2017

We summarize strategies to enhance the performance of electrode materials for Li-based batteries through nanoengineering and surface coating, and introduce new trends in developing alternative materials, battery concepts and cell configurations.
Effect of graphene oxide on anticorrosion performance of polyelectrolyte multilayer for 2A12 aluminum alloy substrates
Authors: Zhao Xia , Jin Zuquan , Zhang Binbin , Zhai Xiaofan , Liu Shuan , Sun Xiaolin , Zhu Qingjun , Hou Baorong
Published: July 2017

Corrosion of aluminum alloys (Al alloys) has been a ubiquitous problem, and this seriously restricts its range of applications.
Novel process for producing hierarchical carbide derived carbon monolith and low carbon ferromanganese from high carbon ferromanganese
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Guolong , Kou Qian , Xiao Saijun
Published: July 2017

In this work, remelted high carbon ferromanganese was chosen as a consumable anode to produce porous carbon monolith and low carbon ferromanganese at the same time by molten salt electrolysis.
A computational study on hydrogen storage in potential wells using K-intercalated graphite oxide
Authors: Bae Jaehyun , Kim Dongwook , Jung Jong Hyun , Ihm Jisoon
Published: July 2017

The potential well formed inside potassium-intercalated graphite oxide is predicted to store a large amount of hydrogen at room temperature.
Thermally shocked graphene oxide-containing biocomposite for thermal management applications
Authors: Botlhoko Orebotse Joseph , Ramontja James , Ray Suprakas Sinha
Published: July 2017

Concurrent improvements in the ductility, thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity are achieved by localizing thermally shocked GO particles in dispersed PCL phase.
V–VO2core–shell structure for potential thermal switching
Authors: Dahal Keshab , Zhang Qian , Wang Yumei , Mishra Ishwar Kumar , Ren Zhifeng
Published: July 2017

An increase in thermal conductivity is achieved by increasing electronic thermal conductivityviamodulation doping, resulting from solid–solid phase transition.
Improved performance of HZSM-5 for the ethylbenzene/xylene isomerization reaction under industrial operating conditions
Authors: Farahani Shokoufeh Hosseinieh , Alavi Seyed Mehdi , Falamaki Cavus
Published: July 2017

A specific one-step mild dealumination of ZSM-5 is reported that increases significantly para xylene selectivity and ethyl benzene conversion in the xylene isomerization reaction of xylene mixtures/ethyl benzene feeds at industrial conditions.
Modifications of polyethersulfone membrane by doping sulfated-TiO2 nanoparticles for improving anti-fouling property in wastewater treatment
Authors: Guo Jing , Kim Jeonghwan
Published: July 2017

Polyethersulfone (PES) composite membranes mixed with sulfated-TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated using a non-solvent induced phase inversion method.
Computational investigation of O2diffusion through an intra-molecular tunnel in AlkB; influence of polarization on O2transport
Authors: Torabifard Hedieh , Cisneros G. Andrés
Published: July 2017

Computational simulations suggest molecular oxygen is delivered through an intra-molecular tunnel in AlkB, W178 is a potential site for investigation of this tunnel, and inclusion of polarization provides results consistent with experimental observations.
Heterocyclic boronic acids display sialic acid selective binding in a hypoxic tumor relevant acidic environment
Authors: Matsumoto A. , Stephenson-Brown A. J. , Khan T. , Miyazawa T. , Cabral H. , Kataoka K. , Miyahara Y.
Published: July 2017

A group of heterocyclic boronic acids demonstrating unusually high affinity and selectivity for sialic acids are described, with strong interactions under the weakly acidic pH conditions associated with a hypoxic tumoral microenvironment.
Assessing crystal field and magnetic interactions in diuranium-μ-chalcogenide triamidoamine complexes with UIV–E–UIV cores (E = S, Se, Te): implications for determining the presence or absence of actinide–actinide magnetic exchange
Authors: Gardner Benedict M. , King David M. , Tuna Floriana , Wooles Ashley J. , Chilton Nicholas F. , Liddle Stephen T.
Published: July 2017

Analysis of UIV–E–UIV (E = S, Se, Te) complexes reveals their behaviour is due to crystal field effects and not exchange coupling.
High-strength graphene composite films by molecular level couplings for flexible supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitance
Authors: Cao Jun , Chen Chen , Chen Kena , Lu Qiongqiong , Wang Qingrong , Zhou Pengfei , Liu Daobin , Song Li , Niu Zhiqiang , Chen Jun
Published: July 2017

A strategy to prepare freestanding reduced graphene oxide@polyvinyl alcohol composite films was developed. After introducing H2SO4, they can serve as flexible supercapacitor electrodes with high volumetric capacitance.
Thermoelectric properties of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong-Wei
Published: July 2017

2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) (MoS2, WS2,etc.) have attracted considerable attention recently due to their unique structures, strong chemical stability and attractive semiconducting characteristics.
Highly stable and flexible photodetector arrays based on low dimensional CsPbBr3 microcrystals and on-paper pencil-drawn electrodes
Authors: Cao Fei , Yu Dejian , Li Xiaoming , Zhu Ying , Sun Zhiguo , Shen Yalong , Wu Ye , Wei Yi , Zeng Haibo
Published: July 2017

We propose a novel configuration of photodetectors (PDs) using solution-prepared low dimensional CsPbBr3 microcrystals, pencil-drawn graphite and paper as the active materials, electrodes and substrates, respectively.
The effect of D–[De–π–A]n (n = 1, 2, 3) type dyes on the overall performance of DSSCs: a theoretical investigation
Authors: He Ling-Jun , Wei Wei , Chen Jie , Jia Ran , Wang Jian , Zhang Hong-Xing
Published: July 2017

A series of D–[De–π–A]n (n = 1, 2, 3) organic dyes have been theoretically investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approaches.
The Effect of Background Noise on Intelligibility of Dysphonic Speech
Authors: Ishikawa Keiko , Boyce Suzanne , Kelchner Lisa , Powell Maria Golla , Schieve Heidi , de Alarcon Alessandro , Khosla Sid
Published: July 2017

Purpose

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of background noise on the intelligibility of dysphonic speech and to examine the relationship between intelligibility in noise and an acoustic measure of dysphonia: cepstral peak prominence (CPP).

Method

A study of speech perception was conducted using speech samples from 6 adult speakers with typical voice and 6 adult speakers with dysphonia. Speech samples were presented to 30 listeners with typical hearing in 3 noise conditions: quiet, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)+5, and SNR+0. Intelligibility scores were obtained via orthographic transcription as the percentage of correctly identified words. Speech samples were acoustically analyzed using CPP, and the correlation between the CPP measurements and intelligibility scores was examined.

Results

The intelligibility of both typical and dysphonic speech was reduced as the level of background noise increased. The reduction was significantly greater in dysphonic speech. A strong correlation was noted between CPP and intelligibility score at SNR+0.

Conclusions

Dysphonic speech is relatively harder to understand in the presence of background noise as compared with typical speech. CPP may be a useful predictor of this intelligibility deficit. Future work is needed to confirm these findings with a larger number of speakers and speech materials with known predictability.
Worm infectious probability distribution with back‐to‐origin model
Authors: Tafazzoli Tala , Sadeghiyan Babak
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the infection probability of nodes in backward time steps of worm propagation with Bayesian networks. The infection probability of a node at each time depends on the out‐degree of the node and the number of infectious nodes at that time. It is assumed that we have prior knowledge of worm infection parameters and also the number of susceptible, infectious and removed nodes at a time of worm propagation. The out_degree of a node is needed at each time step for estimation. It also needs to learn a degree distribution model over time based on the observation of historical out_degree of nodes in the network when the spread of worm happens. We applied simulations to study the accuracy of our probability distribution. The results of simulation indicate that the probability distribution predicts the infection probability of nodes at each prior time step with high accuracy. This method can be used to infer the origin and worm propagation path. This method has low storage and computational requirements, and also less limiting assumptions compared to other methods of estimating the origin nodes of epidemic spread.
Sufficient conditions for Nash equilibrium point in the linear quadratic game for Markov jump positive systems
Authors: Dragan Vasile , Ivanov Ivan G.
Published: July 2017

The infinite horizon linear quadratic differential games for positive linear systems with Markovian jumping is considered. The authors' goal is to propose a set of sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of the stabilising solution of a system of game theoretic algebraic Riccati type equations associated to the considered differential game. To this end the authors' introduce a new type of solution of the Riccati equation namely the strong stabilising solution and they prove that this strong stabilising solution is just a stabilising solution of this kind of Riccati equation. The main contribution is the formulation of a set of sufficient conditions which guarantee the convergence of the proposed iterative procedure to the stabilising solution of game theoretic algebraic Riccati type equation. Finally, a numerical example shows the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Adaptive output feedback tracking control for switched non‐strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with unknown control direction and asymmetric saturation actuators
Authors: Dong Yan , Yu Zhaoxu , Li Shugang , Li Fangfei
Published: July 2017

The problem of adaptive tracking control is studied for a class of switched non‐strict‐feedback non‐linear systems with unknown control direction and asymmetric saturation actuators under arbitrary switchings. The main technical difficulty comes from developing a common adaptive control scheme in the presence of unknown control direction and unknown asymmetric saturation non‐linearities. A linear state transformation is exploited to deal with the unknown control coefficients and a Gaussian error function‐based smooth model is used to approximate the asymmetric saturation non‐linearity. Based on an input‐driven observer, a common adaptive output‐feedback control strategy containing only one adaptive parameter is developed for such systems via a novel combination of common Lyapunov function method, backstepping technique, variable separation approach and neural network approximation. Under the proposed control scheme, the tracking error converges to an adjustable neighbourhood of the origin. Finally, two illustrative examples are included to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control design.
Four‐quadrant sensorless control in switched reluctance machine drive using pulse injection based on special flux linkage curves
Authors: Cheng He , Chen Hao , Xu Shaohui , Yang Shunyao
Published: July 2017

This study presents four‐quadrant sensorless control in switched reluctance machine (SRM) drive for startup and low speed. The proposed control method is based on two special flux linkage‐current characteristic curves which can be obtained expediently and quickly without the need of external mechanical fixtures. The narrow voltage pulse is injected into the idle phases by the power converter and the rotor position zone within an electrical cycle is determined by comparing the measured flux linkage with the two flux linkage‐current curves. The judgment rules and flow‐chart of rotor positions estimation are proposed to implement the four‐quadrant operation in SRM drive. The effectiveness of the proposed sensorless technique is investigated through a series of experiments on a three‐phase 12/8 pole SRM drive platform. The experimental results show that the four‐quadrant sensorless control of SRM is implemented without the requirements of additional hardware circuit and complicated computation.
Design of a planar passive MMID tag antenna
Authors: Hotte David , Siragusa Romain , Duroc Yvan , Tedjini Smail
Published: July 2017

The concept of millimetre‐wave identification (MMID) extends the ultra‐high frequencies radio frequency identification towards a universal frequency band equals to 5 GHz. The study presents the design of a planar passive MMID tag antenna highlighting the requirement specification and the design methodology. Simulation and experimental results are reported which validate the design procedure until a first MMID tag prototype communicating by backscattering.
Zone partitioning protection strategy for DC systems incorporating offshore wind farm
Authors: Zhao Yue , Shi Libao , Yao Liangzhong , Xu Zheng , Ni Yixin
Published: July 2017

This study proposes a zone partitioning protection strategy for DC systems incorporating offshore wind farm. Regarding a DC system which consists of multiple local zones with radial topology, a multi‐port DC hub is introduced to serve as firewall between different zones. By blocking the converter with DC fault blocking capability in the corresponding DC hub port, the fault can be prevented from spreading among zones. On the other hand, an inter‐zone protection centre is designed and built in the DC hub to implement the continuous operation under the situation of any port outage. Furthermore, in every local zone, the hybrid DC circuit breaker is installed in each branch at the side near the star point in order to isolate the faulty branch quickly and selectively via installing the smoothing reactor at the other side to restrict the fault current. Especially, a zone protection centre is designed and built in the star point of each zone to implement the fault detection and fault isolation. A detailed model of the DC system with the proposed protection strategy is built under PSCAD/EMTDCTM environment. Simulation results under different operating conditions demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed strategy.
Research on conditional characteristics vision real‐time detection system for conveyor belt longitudinal tear
Authors: Qiao Tiezhu , Li Xinyu , Pang Yusong , Lü Yuxiang , Wang Feng , Jin Baoquan
Published: July 2017

Conveyor belt longitudinal tear is one of the most serious problems in coal mining. Existing systems cannot realise lossless and real‐time detection for longitudinal tear of conveyor belt. Currently, visual detecting systems are proposed by many researchers and are becoming the future trend. A visual recognition system based on using laser and area light sources is designed in this study, which can recognise and count abrasions, incomplete‐tears, and complete‐tears. The advantage of the system is to prevent longitudinal tear based on multi‐feature information. In the process of detecting conditional characteristics, laser and area light sources are responsible for enhancing contrast between conditional features and conveyor belt surface, meanwhile false corner filtration and single‐point feature identification method are designed for improving recognition accuracy of the system. Compared with several current systems, the designed system has a better performance on recognising complex tear characteristics of conveyor belt, thus the problem of starting warning only based on single feature can be effectively avoided.
Preparation of 2-Substituted 3-Methoxycarbonyl-4-methoxyfurans that Allow Access to Highly Functionalized Naphthalenes via Regioselective Cycloaddition with Alkoxybenzyne
Authors: Sato Shogo , Kawada Takuma , Takikawa Hiroshi , Suzuki Keisuke
Published: July 2017

A facile synthetic method of 2-substituted 3-methoxycarbonyl-4-methoxyfurans has been developed, allowing construction of highly functionalized naphthalene derivatives via (1) regioselective benzyne [4+2] cycloaddition with α-alkoxybenzyne and (2) reductive aromatization.
Cutibacterium acnes Septic Arthritis of the Nonoperated Knee: A Case Report
Authors: Okoroha Kelechi , Gabbard Michael , Fitts Jamal , Banka Trevor
Published: July 2017

Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) acnes, a gram-positive bacillus with low pathogenicity, is an uncommon but known cause of prosthetic joint infections, particularly related to shoulder surgery. C. acnes, however, is an extremely rare pathogen in the nonoperated knee joint. This report details an uncommon case of C. acnes septic knee arthritis after multiple intra-articular steroid injections in a 56-year-old male patient. After an indolent presentation and late diagnosis, the patient underwent surgical debridement with IV antibiotic management. This case illustrates that intra-articular corticosteroid injections for the management of osteoarthritis are not without risk. Literature supporting their use remains limited and clinicians should use proficient clinical judgment for appropriate patient selection for these injections. Vigilance following injections or aspirations of the knee should be maintained to identify the indolent clinical presentation of C. acnes septic arthritis.
A Case Report from the City of Biratnagar, Eastern Zone of Nepal: Kikuchi–Fujimoto Disease
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Varma Mamta , Kumar Narayan
Published: July 2017

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, also known as Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease (KFD), is a rare, benign, self-limiting cervical lymphadenitis of unknown etiology that usually presents with lymphadenopathy and fever. This was the case of a 24-year-old, unmarried female who presented with painful neck swelling, fever, and difficulty in swallowing. She had been treated with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents with no results. The patient had been suffering for almost 2 months and did not respond to any treatment. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) report showed a granulomatous lymphadenitis. Smear for acid-fast bacilli was also negative. The FNAC report was critical for the diagnosis by suggesting the presence of granulomatous tissue against a background of necrosis. The diagnosis of KFD was confirmed after excision biopsy of the lymph node. The patient was treated symptomatically and responded well. Awareness and knowledge of this disease is essential for the diagnosis for physicians and health care workers in this part of the world so that the appropriate treatment can be given.
Homöopathie und Psychopathologie
Authors: Sparenborg-Nolte Anne
Published: July 2017

Der psychopathologische Befund ist das wichtigste diagnostische Instrument des Psychiaters. Über die Kriterien für seine Erhebung besteht in der Fachgruppe weitgehend Konsens. Die Einigung auf konsensfähige Kriterien ist eine große Errungenschaft, ein sicherer Pfosten im schwankenden Terrain der Psyche, den die Psychiatrie sich erst erarbeiten musste. Der psychopathologische Befund ist insofern „objektiv“, als mehrere Untersucher in einer gegebenen Situation im Wesentlichen zum gleichen Ergebnis kommen sollten. Spekulation, Intuition, Deutung, Interpretation oder eine moralische Bewertung des Patienten sind nicht die Aufgaben der Psychopathologie. Die psychopathologische Befunderhebung erfordert reine Beobachtungsgabe, Geschick in der Gesprächsführung und Kenntnisse der Psychopathologie, die jedoch erlern- und erfahrbar sind.
Krank durch traumatische Kindheit
Authors: Sparenborg-Nolte Anne
Published: July 2017

Im theoretischen Teil werden Ursachen und Bedingungen kindlicher Traumatisierung beschrieben und ihre Auswirkung auf die Persönlichkeitsentwicklung dargestellt. Die resultierenden Symptome und Krankheiten im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter können nur vor dem Hintergrund des Traumas verstanden und behandelt werden. Im praktischen Teil werden die Wahl der geeigneten Arzneien und ihr Bezug zum kindlichen Entwicklungstrauma und den entsprechenden Symptomen diskutiert.
Psychopathologie der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS)
Authors: Pfanzelt Ingrid
Published: July 2017

Die Psychopathologie der PTBS findet sich nur teilweise im wörtlichen Sinn im Repertorium. Bei der psychovegetativen Symptomatik gibt es noch eindeutig passende Rubriken, während bei den psychischen Symptomen wie den traumaspezifischen Dissoziationen analoge Rubriken gefunden werden müssen. Das Trauma als Causa der Psychopathologie bilden am ehesten die Schreck- Rubriken ab, die dann an erster Stelle der Repertorisation stehen sollten.
Schriften des Vereins für Socialpolitik, Band 342 – Wettbewerb im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Hohn Ellen
Published: July 2017

J. Haucap, T. Jenges, B. Kuchinke, A. Wehmeier, J. Zerth, 71 Seiten, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot; 2017; 49,90€ (Broschur), ISBN
9783428150991

Der Band „Wettbewerb im Gesundheitswesen“ beinhaltet Referate der letzten durch Peter Oberender geführten Jahrestagung der „Arbeitsgruppe
Wettbewerb“ im Verein für Sozialpolitik und wurde durch den Verlag Duncker & Humboldt GmbH (Berlin) im Jahr 2017 veröffentlicht. Der
aktuelle Leiter der „Arbeitsgruppe Wettbewerb“, Prof. Dr. Justus Haucap, ist darüber hinaus seit 2015 Dekan der
Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität in Düsseldorf und Gründungsdirektor des Düsseldorf Institute for
Competition Economics (DICE). Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zerth ist seit 2012 Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Wirtschaftswissenschaften und Leiter des
Forschungsinstitutes IDC der Wilhelm Löhe Hochschule in Fürth.
Qualitätsmanagement – Effizienzsteigerung durch standardisiertes QM-System
Authors: Potempa Christoph
Published: July 2017

Aden B et al. Qualitätsmanagement an einer klinischen Forschungseinrichtung: Evaluation der Veränderungen der hausinternen
Qualitätskennzahlen sowie Ermittlung von hausinternen Qualitätsindikatoren. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwesen. 2016; 118–119: 10–16

Im Zuge einer Optimierung des Qualitätsmanagements hat das IMSIE-MI ein Verfahren entwickelt, um eine wissenschaftlich fundierte und
transparente Grundlage zur Bewertung von Qualitätsindikatoren in klinischen Forschungseinrichtungen zu ermöglichen. Erste Ergebnisse
deuten auf Effizienzsteigerungen durch die zusätzliche Standardisierung und Vereinheitlichung der Arbeitsabläufe im Qualitätsmanagement
hin.
Nicht übertragbare Krankheiten – Sterblichkeit auch vom sozioökonomischen Status abhängig
Authors: Pommer Peter
Published: July 2017

Stringhini S. et al. Socioeconomic status and the 25 × 25 risk factors as determinants of premature mortality: a multicohort study and
meta-analysis of 1.7 million men and women. Lancet 2017; 389: 1229–1237

2011 startete die WHO die 25 × 25-Initiative, um die Sterblichkeit an nicht übertragbaren Krankheiten bis 2025 um 25 % zu senken. Während
die WHOInitiative dabei nur die klassischen Risikofaktoren im Visier hat, untersuchten Stringhini et al. in einer großen Metaanalyse,
wie sich der sozioökonomische Status auf die Sterblichkeit auswirkt.
Low-Carbohydrate-Diet Score and its Association with the Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Namazi Nazli , Larijani Bagher , Azadbakht Leila
Published: July 2017

The association between a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) is contradictory. This study is a systemic review of cohort studies that have focused on the association between the LCD score and DM. We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar for papers published through January 2017 with no language restrictions. Cohort studies that reported relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for DM were included. Finally, 4 studies were considered for our meta-analysis. The total number of participants ranged from 479 to 85 059. Among 4 cohort studies, 8 081 cases with DM were observed over follow-up durations ranging from 3.6 to 20 years. A marginal significant association was observed between the highest LCD score and the risk of DM (RR=1.17; 95% CI: 0.9, 1.51). Moreover, the RRs for studies with energy adjustments showed a significant association (RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.49; I2: 0%). Based on our findings, study qualities score of less or equal to 7 had a significant influence on the pooled effect size (RR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.15, 1.49; I2: 0%), whereas the overall RR in the studies with quality score more than 7 was 1.09 (95% CI: 0.73, 1.63). In conclusion, we have found that the highest LCD score was marginally associated with the risk of DM. However, more prospective cohort studies are needed to clarify the effects of the LCD score on the risk of DM.
Varying Patterns of Biomarkers of Mineral and Bone Metabolism After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Makówka Agnieszka , Głyda Maciej , Majewska Ewa-Rutkowska , Nowicki Michał
Published: July 2017

Sclerostin inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby decreasing bone formation. Osteoblast stimulating actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are mediated by suppression of sclerostin. Thus, sclerostin may reflect both bone metabolism and parathyroid function. The study was aimed to analyze the patterns of the changes of mineral and bone biomarkers for 9 months following kidney transplantation (KTx). Thirty-five patients after KTx were included into a 9-month observational study. Serum creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, 25-OH vitamin D, PTH, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), sclerostin, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) were measured before KTx, and 1, 2 weeks, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9 months thereafter. Urine sclerostin/creatinine ratio was assessed in parallel from month 1 after KTx. Following KTx most serum markers significantly decreased till the end of observation including PTH (by 58%), phosphorus (37%), sclerostin (31%), BAP (28%), and FGF-23 (82%). Most of the decrease was observed during first 2 months after KTx. Serum calcium was increased by 17%. Urine sclerostin/creatinine ratio increased from month 1 till month 6. At KTx serum FGF-23 correlated only with phosphate (r=0.62, p=0.01) and PTH with BAP (r=0.49, p=0.04) but not with sclerostin. At the end of the study neither serum sclerostin nor FGF-23 correlated with other parameters of mineral and bone metabolism. Sclerostin shows the limited utility as the marker of the resolution of bone and mineral metabolism after KTx.
Analyzing nano- and microscale fluids
Authors: Hendricks-Sturrup Rachele
Published: July 2017

Researchers validate a new environmentally-controlled novel optical microscope stage design to characterize nanosized droplets and films.
Explaining NASA’s magnetosphere observations of electron acceleration with fresh physics and simulation
Authors: Blaustein Rich
Published: July 2017

Researchers provide the theory and simulation that explain and predict the electrons activity of the magnetosphere’s reconnection zone.
A fast-reliable methodology to estimate the concentration of rutile or anatase phases of TiO2
Authors: Zanatta A. R.
Published: July 2017

Titanium-dioxide (TiO2) is a low-cost, chemically inert material that became the basis of many modern applications ranging from, for example, cosmetics to photovoltaics. TiO2 exists in three different crystal phases − Rutile, Anatase and, less commonly, Brookite − and, in most of the cases, the presence or relative amount of these phases are essential to decide the TiO2 final application and its related efficiency. Traditionally, X-ray diffraction has been chosen to study TiO2 and provides both the phases identification and the Rutile-to-Anatase ratio. Similar information can be achieved from Raman scattering spectroscopy that, additionally, is versatile and involves rather simple instrumentation. Motivated by these aspects this work took into account various TiO2 Rutile+Anatase powder mixtures and their corresponding Raman spectra. Essentially, the method described here was based upon the fact that the Rutile and Anatase crystal phases have distinctive phonon features, and therefore, the composition of the TiO2 mixtures can be readily assessed from their Raman spectra. The experimental results clearly demonstrate the suitability of Raman spectroscopy in estimating the concentration of Rutile or Anatase in TiO2 and is expected to influence the study of TiO2-related thin films, interfaces, systems with reduced dimensions, and devices like photocatalytic and solar cells.
Exploring part-of-speech frequencies in a sociohistorical corpus of English
Authors: Säily Tanja , Vartiainen Turo , Siirtola Harri
Published: July 2017

We investigate the usefulness of part-of-speech (POS) annotation as a tool in the study of sociolinguistic variation and genre evolution. We analyse how POS ratios change over time in the Parsed Corpus of Early English Correspondence (c.1410–1681), which social groups lead the changes, and whether the changes can be connected to colloquialisation with regard to reduced complexity or an increasingly involved style. While we find gentry-led colloquialisation in terms of noun and verb frequencies as well as evidence for gendered styles, the results on structural complexity are more mixed. We argue that POS annotation can be a useful tool when complemented by a thorough textual analysis, but that more fine-grained categories are needed to reach firmer conclusions.
Competing norms and standards
Authors: Nordlund Taru , Pallaskallio Ritva
Published: July 2017

Language change can be seen as an ideological negotiation between different actors. Here, we present two morphological changes that took place in nineteenth-century Finland when the modern written standard of Finnish was being codified. Our aim is to reveal the complex nature of language planning as it comes to conflict with ongoing language change. The study combines three different methods and data sets: Firstly, we analyze newsletters that readers sent to Finnish newspapers. Secondly, we examine the visible meta-level discussion in grammars, newspapers and language guides. Thirdly, we provide a quantitative overview of the ongoing change in nineteenth-century Finnish newspapers. Combinations of different methods and data enable new approaches not only to standardization but also to the actual processes behind it.
Angling‐Induced Impacts on Recruitment and Contributions to Reproduction in Florida Bass
Authors: Trippel Nicholas A. , Hargrove John S. , Leone Erin H. , Austin James D. , Allen Micheal S.
Published: July 2017

Black basses Micropterus spp. are the focus of extensive management efforts throughout North America, where they support a multibillion‐dollar recreational sport fishery. Harvest rates in many bass fisheries have declined in recent decades, yet a growing number of studies have proposed that catch‐and‐release angling practices, such as bed‐fishing in which anglers intentionally target bass while the fish are defending their nests, can decrease individual reproductive success. In response, management agencies have restricted fishing during the spawning period in some regions. We evaluated the impacts of catch‐and‐release bed‐fishing on Florida Bass M. salmoides floridanus nest success, reproductive success, production of fall recruits, and the number of parents that contributed to reproduction. Eighteen replicate populations simulating natural Florida lakes were established, and ponds were assigned either a bed‐fishing (n = 10) or a control treatment (n = 8). Snorkel surveys were conducted throughout the spawning period to track nest formation and nesting success rates, and 10 months after establishment all ponds were drained, recruits counted, and fin clips collected for genetic parentage analysis. A series of candidate generalized linear mixed models were compared using Akaike's information criterion and likelihood ratio tests to assess the relative importance of fishing treatment and year, along with other relevant variables in predicting nest success, recruitment, and reproductive success. We observed significant reductions in nest success rates (z = −2.13, P = 0.03) but not recruitment levels (z = −1.31, P = 0.19), in populations that were bed fished relative to control ponds. Capture history poorly predicted individual reproductive success and the number of adults that contributed to fall recruitment did not differ by treatment (χ2 = 0.06, P = 0.81). Results from this study indicated that bed‐fishing practices may have some impacts on individual nest success but did not influence recruitment or overall reproductive success of Florida Bass at the population level.

Received October 5, 2016; accepted February 28, 2017 Published online July 5, 2017
Structure and properties of strengthening layer on Hardox 450 steel
Authors: Ivanov Yurii , Gromov Victor , Konovalov Sergey , Kormyshev Vasilii , Aksenova Krestina , Teresov Anton
Published: July 2017

The microstructure and microhardness distribution in the surface of low-carbon Hardox 450 steel coated with alloyed powder wires of different chemical compositions are studied. It is shown that the microhardness of 6–8 mm-thick surfaced layer exceeds that of base metal by more than two times. The increased mechanical properties of surfaced layer are caused by the submicro and nanoscale dispersed martensite, containing the niobium carbides Nb2C, NbC and iron borides Fe2B. In the bulk plates, a dislocation substructure of the net-like type with scalar dislocation density of 1011 cm−2 is observed. The layer surfaced with the wire containing B possesses highest hardness. The possible mechanisms and temperature regimes of niobium and boron carbides in surfacing are discussed.