bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rape, Impunity and Justice in Kashmir
Authors: Kazi Seema
Published: May 2024

This article focuses on rape by security forces in the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir and the question of accountability and justice for sexual crimes committed by State forces in the Kashmir Valley. Moving beyond the violence against women' frame, the instrumental use of rape by security forces as a cultural, political and psychological weapon of war is highlighted, as is the denial of institutional justice for the same. The suggestion here is that the question of justice for sexual crimes by state forces in Kashmir must be situated within the overarching context of the abuse of power by executive and military authority, and the unquestioned subversion of local civil and judicial authority. This particular institutional setting and policy it is further argued, justifies the case for international legal intervention in Kashmir. The Indian state's claim to jurisdiction over the territory of Kashmir is assessed with reference to international law; the universality of the legal principle of self-determination is emphasised, as is the salience of international law regarding sexual crimes by state forces. Drawing upon Kashmir's international legal dimensions in general and its legacy of rape by security forces in particular, the article concludes by advancing a single moral argument for Kashmiri self-determination.
From the Editor
Authors: Robb Thomas
Published: May 2024

[First part only] Dear Readers, This issue rounds out Volume 26 with a collection of carefully refereed articles on topics such as intercultural awareness and competence, writing, focus on form, CLIL, vocabulary acquisition, online instruction and the need for student self-regulation during the pandemic. The assessment of TESL-EJ and other journals relies heavily on the quality of the papers, as manifested by the number of times they are referenced in other journals historically. Thus we are raising the bar on articles that we accept for review by declining those that focus on a single country without generalizable implications for instructors in other regions. While it is natural for authors to focus their research on their local context, many of the submissions that we receive fail to connect their findings with similar phenomena in other cultural contexts. To this end we have engaged one of our editors, Nicky Bremner, as our new Submissions Editor. Before new manuscripts are passed on to the “review stage,” he will determine how well they meet our basic guidelines.
Parkinson’s Disease Treatment and the Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Efficacy and Adverse Effects
Authors: Usman Halima , Khalid Tooba , Ghaffar Amama
Published: May 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a relentlessly growing neurodegenerative disorder clinically manifested by rigidity, tremors, and dyskinesia ascribed to loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic innervation.  Conventional therapies focus on alleviating disease symptoms as far as possible, yet lack the ability to halt the progression of the neurodegenerative process. A major historic turning point in PD therapy came through the inception of levodopa (l-dopa), however, its prolonged use is associated with complications and a decline in response. Some alternate modalities to treat PD are also available as dopamine agonists (DA), catechol-o-methyl transferase inhibitors (COMTIs), and non-dopaminergic drugs that could be used as a supportive therapy with l-dopa or alone. Nonetheless, these drugs are less effective than l-dopa in regulating motor symptoms. On the other hand, substantial inter-individual variations are observed in response to l-dopa. Although many factors can influence an individual’s response to therapy, a patient’s genetic makeup could be a starting point in creating precision medicine with greater safety and efficacy. Precision medicine that incorporates pharmacogenomics data can optimize patients’ response to PD drugs and facilitate treatment. In this review, we aim to present PD pathogenesis, challenges of current therapy, and pharmacogenetics aspects of levodopa.
Predicting Stroke risk in a Chinese Han Population From Liaoning, China
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: May 2024

The most common cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide is stroke. Hence, the identification of patients at risk of having a stroke is of paramount importance. Wang and associates aimed to create a gender-specific method founded on genetic markers nomogram that would use easily available clinical lab data to predict patients at risk of Ischemic Stroke (IS). In their investigation, 1456 healthy volunteers and 1803 IS patients from the Han population of the Huang province of China were selected. They were divided into two major groups Training (70%) and Validation (30%). pri-let-7f-2 rs17276588 variant gene distribution was measured via statistical methods. A multivariate prediction nomogram was generated using characteristics from univariate regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The genotyping results identified the A allele as a potential IS risk factor. Many clinical factors, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, smoking, history of alcohol abuse, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and age, were identified as risk factors for IS by the nomogram. Moreover, the rs17276588 genotype was also determined to be a risk factor. The model calibration curves exhibited strong consistency and applicability. It was reasonably inferred that in the Northern Chinese Han population pri-let-7f-2 rs17276588 variant gene was associated with IS. The combination of relevant clinical data and genetic profiles in the shape of a nomogram bears a lot of promise for IS risk prediction in the Chinese Han population. Front. Med. (2022) DOI:.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.936249
Discovery of Anti-inflammatory Compounds from Pleione Grandiflora.
Authors: Editorial Staff
Published: May 2024

An investigation of the pseudobulbs of Pleione grandiflora (Rolfe) yielded several new glucosyloxybenzyl 2-hydroxy-2-isobutylsuccinates, pleionesides. Acidic and Alkaline hydrolysis experiments alongside analytical techniques namely NMR and HRESIMS were used to determine the structure and configuration of these novel phytocompounds. These compounds were subjected to LPS-induced BV2 microglia for potential anti-inflammatory effect. Results showed that 3 of these compounds possess moderate activity compared with quercetin used as a positive control.  Fitoterapia. 2021 Nov;155:105062.
Natural Remedies for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Manzoor Ahmed  , Almas Zahid
Published: May 2024

Natural remedies have been used for decades to treat a variety of diseases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is still one of the most common chronic diseases that cause death. Aside from its complex pathophysiology, it has been shown to be widespread in both developed and developing countries. The current pharmacological treatment has contributed to a significant reduction in disease occurrence. However, the economic burden and various pharmacological and non-pharmacological side effects associated with them, have necessitated the development of alternative naturally-derived treatment options. This review focuses on how safer, more effective, and less expensive treatments can help reduce diabetes-linked mortality rates. Furthermore, a wide range of medicinal plants with varying α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity and improved IC50 and LD50 values evaluated in-vivo and in-vitro have been discussed. This review can help open new treatment paths for diabetes mellitus through new plant-derived medicines.
Chemomodulatory Potential of n-Hexane Extract of Conyza bonariensis Against Skin Carcinogenesis in Mice Induced by Carcinogens: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study
Authors: Naseer Faiza , Imran Aziz Hafiz Muhammad , Asghar Amna , Qurshi Waqas , Abid Rameesha
Published: May 2024

Conyza bonariensis (CB) is a cosmopolitan herb, family Asteraceae (Compositeae), commonly known as mrich booti or gulava previously used to cure cancer in traditional medicine. In the present study, n-hexane fraction by CB's triterpenoid constituents was assessed for their cytotoxic property using the human skin carcinoma cell line (SCC-13) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The chemo modulatory potential of CB n-hexane was evaluated against skin carcinogenesis in mice induced by (7-12-dimethylbenz(a)antheracene) DMBA and Croton oil. CB n-hexane extract was orally administered at the doses of 3, 6, and 9 mg/kg/day, and 9 mg/kg was also applied locally on mice skin for 16 weeks. The results from cell lines revealed that CB induces cytotoxicity against the SCC-13 cells (IC50=7.5 µM). It was found to be 4.05 times more selective in exerting cytotoxicity against SCC-13 than the PBMC (IC50=30.4 µM). The results from the mice model of skin carcinogenesis have shown that whole plant n-hexane extract administered via oral and topical routes, both reduced the number of precancerous skin papillomas and their incidence. At these concentrations, CB n-hexane also augmented the actions of catalase and superoxide dismutase, glutathione content and reduced the skin lipid peroxidation levels. These outcomes presented the cytotoxic and antioxidative effects of CB n-hexane whole plant extract and also authenticates the traditional assertions and strengthen the technical base of its chemopreventive activity.
Pengaruh Patron Klien, Jarak Pasar dan Harga Jual terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Nelayan di Desa Benua Anyar Kec. Bakumpai
Authors: Ansharullah Ansharullah , Melati Melati
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh Patron Klien, Jarak Pasar dan Harga Jual yang berperan dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Nelayan Menjual Ikan. faktor mana yang lebih dominan dalam mempengaruhi keputusan nelayan selama ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Patron Klien, Jarak Pasar dan Harga Jual Secara Parsial Maupun Simultan Terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Nelayan Menjual Ikan. Jenis penelitian survei pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis data regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan patron klien (X1),Jarak Pasar (X2) dan harga jual (X3) berpengaruh simultan dengan hasil 0.002175 (0.05) dan 0.3278 (>0.05), Harga Jual (X3) berpengaruh parsial terhadap Pengambilan Keputusan Nelayan dalam Menjual Ikan (Y) hasil hitung yaitu 0.0002 (<0.05) hasil nilai Adjusted R Square sebesar 0.22 disimpulkan sumbangan pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen secara simultan sebesar 22% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 78% dipengaruhi variabel lain.
Analisis Implementasi Kurikulum: Faktor Tantangan Dan Solusi Strategis Di Lingkungan Pendidikan
Authors: Mulkan Lalu Maksudy , Zunnun Lalu Mathlubi Ali
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tantangan dan solusi strategis dalam implementasi kurikulum di lingkungan pendidikan. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk mengkaji fenomena-fenomena yang terjadi di lingkungan pendidikan yang diteliti. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi wawancara, observasi kelas, dan pengumpulan dokumen. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, tantangan dalam implementasi kurikulum antara lain kurangnya personel yang berkualitas, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana yang memadai, serta ketidaksesuaian antara kurikulum dan kebutuhan siswa. Solusi strategis untuk mengatasi tantangan ini antara lain dengan melatih dan mendidik para pendidik, mengembangkan kurikulum yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan siswa, meningkatkan sarana dan prasarana pendidikan, serta memanfaatkan teknologi dalam pembelajaran.Dengan menerapkan solusi strategis tersebut, diharapkan kurikulum menjadi lebih efektif dan relevan dengan kebutuhan dan perkembangan siswa sehingga menghasilkan hasil belajar yang lebih optimal.
Pengaruh Sifat Biji Jarak sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Penganti Minyak Tanah untuk Pengeringan Tembakau Virgina Lombok
Authors: Multazam Ahmad , Rizal Khairul
Published: May 2024

Virginia tobacco is the largest agro-industry component in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). The lack of subsidized kerosene quotas for tobacco extraction, even the central government decided that in 2018 the sub-oil kerosene quota will be abolished, brings its own problems. Based on this problem, research was carried out with the title how to characterize castor beans as an alternative fuel to replace kerosene as a substitute for tobacco extraction fuel with the aim of proving that castor beans can be used as an alternative fuel for drying tobacco. process without reducing the quality and economy of tobacco. This research was carried out experimentally. From the research results it can be concluded that castor bean fuel can be used as a fuel substitute for kerosene for tobacco production as proven by the results of the characteristic test, namely the calorific value produced in this research has met the national standard (SNI), namely 5288.844 cal/gr based on the standard. which meets American standards, namely 4000-6500 (Source: Hendra, 1999 in Sunyata and Wulur, 2008). economic value aspect of fuel consumption / 1 kg of dry castor beans consumes 6.7 kg of castor beans at a price of Rp. 6,700 lower than kerosene, LPG and bioethanol. Variable standard drying temperature with a drying rate of 1 m/s produces tobacco compost with the best quality color and aroma.
PRODUCTION AND GRASS QUALITY HYMENACHNE AMPLEXICAULIS (RUDGE) NEES AT VARIOUS LEVELS OF BIOURINE FERTILIZATION AND ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI
Authors: Syafria Hardi
Published: May 2024

The research aims to determine and study the effects of giving biourine and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the production and quality of Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees grass in former coal mining land. The research was carried out in a Randomized Block Design, with six treatments and three replications. Treatment consisted of: (A) Biourine 0% + AMF 0 g/clump, (B) Biourine 0% + AMF 20 g/clump, (C) Biourine 30% + AMF 0 g/clump, (D) Biourine 30% + FMA 20 g/clump, (E) Biourine 45% + FMA 0 g/clump, (F) Biourine 45% + AMF 20 g/clump. The variables observed were the cumulative production of forage dry matter, crude protein and phosphorus content. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on the cumulative production of dry matter, crude protein and phosphorus. The biourine treatment of 45% + AMF 20 g/clump resulted in a cumulative production of forage dry matter (2373.61 kg/ha), crude protein content (15.56%) and phosphorus (1.17%) higher than other treatments.
Exploring the Role of Lesson Planning on Prospective Teacher Professional Skills at the University of Narowal: A Qualitative Research Study
Authors: Manzoor Asad Ali , Tufail Navid , Hayat Khizar
Published: May 2024

This qualitative research article investigates the impact of lesson planning on the professional skills of prospective teachers at the University of Narowal. Lesson planning is a critical component of effective teaching, and it usually influences the effectiveness of teacher training programs. The study employs qualitative research methods, including interviews and focus group discussions, to explore the perspectives and experiences of prospective teachers regarding the influence of lesson planning on their professional skill development. The study involves sixteen prospective teachers enrolled in teacher education programs in the 3rd and 8th semesters at the University of Narowal. As a sample of the study, these prospective teachers were selected by using a purposive sampling technique. The findings stated that lesson planning may play a key in teaching skill development and professional growth and make teaching and learning more effective during a planned class.
Gestão municipal da agropecuária nos municípios cearenses
Authors: Insaurralde Paula Andreia Bezerra , Lima Patrícia Verônica Pinheiro Sales , Cabral Nájila Rejanne Alencar Julião , Casimiro Filho Francisco , Silva Everton Nogueira , Mesquita Daiane Felix Santiago
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o nível de implementação de instrumentos de gestão municipal direcionados ao apoio da agropecuária nos municípios do Ceará. Para tanto, utiliza dados extraídos da Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais – MUNIC, ano 2020, publicada pelo IBGE. Foram selecionados trinta instrumentos de gestão municipal, distribuídos em cinco dimensões: i) entidades gestoras, ii) programas de apoio à diversificação da agropecuária, iii) Programas de apoio à produção agropecuária, iv) ações de apoio social ao produtor agropecuário e v) oferta de infraestrutura de apoio à comercialização da produção. Para mensuração do nível de implementação dos instrumentos foram construídos índices agregados, submetidos à análise estatística.  Segundo principais resultados os municípios apresentam baixa adesão aos instrumentos que poderiam apoiar as atividades agropecuárias, especialmente na dimensão de oferta de serviços para auxiliar a comercialização. O estudo mostrou a necessidade de maior engajamento do poder local no apoio às atividades agropecuárias. A omissão dos gestores municipais é um fator que pode inibir a criação de uma estrutura de governança capaz de dar suporte às políticas públicas de desenvolvimento rural.
A efetivação dos direitos humanos sociais em face de uma constituição dirigente invertida
Authors: Kanashiro Fábio Gutierres , Trevisam Elisaide
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho visa investigar a efetivação dos direitos humanos sociais em face de uma constituição dirigente invertida. A CF/88, influenciada por Cartas européias, especialmente pela Constituição portuguesa de 1976, busca sentido e objetivo da constituição dirigente, como força e substrato jurídico para uma mudança social. No pós-guerra, o neoliberalismo amparado pelos fundamentos da responsabilidade e alteridade fiscal, recrudeceram os fins sociais do Estado na efetivação dos Direitos Humanos Sociais, transmutando o axioma da constituição dirigente. É objetivo destacar as qualidades de uma Constituição comprometida com o desenvolvimento e a prevalência dos direitos humanos no âmbito social, para compreender fatores que impedem a plenitude desses direitos em face do fenômeno da constituição dirigente invertida. A metodologia da pesquisa é qualitativa, com coleta bibliográfica e legislativa.
As estimativas dos efeitos benéficos no uso do inibidor do cotransportador Sódio-Glicose 2 (iSGLT-2) na insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção reduzida
Authors: Dourado Ageu Nunes , Jesus Maria Eduarda de , Ribeiro Jhonatan Picinin , Guimarães Luiz Cláudio Kehdi , Bagnara Vitoria , Freitas Sarah Cristina Gonçalves de , Pedreira Caio Kolozsvari , Maia Amanda Nunes da Cunha , Kettenhuber Louise Ilma , Silva Nubia Ferreira de Andrade , Guerra Maria Luísa Perosa , Novaes Bianca Amai Furucho , Bertoni Maria Fernanda Serafini , Guimarães Laura Gomes da Silva de Medeiros , Silva Caroline Flores Bordon
Published: May 2024

O presente estudo empregou a metodologia de revisão integrativa de literatura no qual, foi coletado diferentes dados, com a temática voltada as estimativas benéficas no uso do inibidor da SGLT-2 (iSGLT-2) em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção reduzida (ICFEr). A discussão teve como base a análise da terapia farmacológica na insuficiência cardíaca com fração e ejeção reduzida, excluídos as frações de ejeção preservada e levemente preservada, com o uso o iSGLT-2 (Dapagliflozina e Empagliflozina), havendo uma considerável melhora da diminuição da mortalidade e evidenciou uma diminuição substancial em possíveis hospitalizações decorrentes da insuficiência cardíaca, os estudos mostraram que o emprego de Canagliflozina não foi associado a uma diminuição da mortalidade e nem das possíveis hospitalizações. Conclui-se que o uso dos inibidores do cotransportador sódio-glicose 2 (iSGLT-2) demonstrou ter efeitos benéficos significativos em ensaios clínicos controlados por placebo e proporcionou um aumento da sobrevida em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção reduzida (ICFEr).
Uso de contraceptivos orais contendo estrogênio associado ao risco de desenvolvimento do AVE isquêmico
Authors: Filizola Larissa Thaís de Melo , Cordeiro Lisandra Karoll Torres Pinheiro , Freitas Maria Clécia Dantas de , Sousa Francisca Larissa Silva de , Angelim Bianca Soares , Garcia Gabriel Gonçalves , Nunes Aline França , Foss Ticiane dos Santos , Xavier Genneycka Catyuce Brito de Meneses , Pinto Sandy Soares Alves , Vieira Aracele Gonçalves , Nogueira Emanuely Rolim , Feitosa Ankilma do Nascimento Andrade
Published: May 2024

A probabilidade da ocorrência de um Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) aumenta na presença de fatores de risco padrão para essa afecção vascular. Há uma clara e consistente associação entre AVE isquêmico e métodos contraceptivos orais com estrogênio. Analisar a relação entre o uso dos contraceptivos contendo estrogênio e o desenvolvimento de AVE isquêmico. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, entre os meses novembro de 2023 a março de 2024, utilizando os descritores “Estrogen” e “Stroke”, através das bases de dados Scielo, BVS e PubMed. Foram incluídos 13 artigos na presente revisão. Alguns estudos revelam que mulheres usuárias de anticoncepcionais orais contendo alta taxa de estrogênio são mais suscetíveis ao acidente vascular encefálico. Em contrapartida, outros estudos indicam função protetora dos estrogênios endógenos em relação ao AVE, em situações como amamentação, gestação e ciclo menstrual. De toda forma, é sugerido que mulheres com fatores de risco conhecidos como hipertensão, tabagismo, enxaqueca, obesidade, história familiar positiva para AVE e idade superior a 35 anos não utilizem anticoncepcionais orais contendo estrogênio. O estrogênio endógeno pode ter fator neuroprotetor e impedir a ocorrência de eventos trombóticos, como o acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico. Contudo, se em altas doses, administrado em contraceptivos orais e terapia hormonal, e associado a fatores de riscos vasculares já conhecidos, pode aumentar o risco de eventos neurológicos. É necessário sempre instruir as mulheres a procurarem um médico ginecologista para avaliar individualmente cada situação e receitar o método contraceptivo adequado para cada paciente.
Phase transition face-centered cubic crystal — homogeneous phase in helium
Authors: Nikolaev P. N.
Published: May 2024

In this work, the characteristics of the phase transition face-centered cubic crystal — homogeneous phase in
helium are calculated based on the correlation cell-cluster expansion. The theoretical data were compared
with experimental data and good agreement was obtained. It is discussed the use of data on phase transitions
in helium to estimate thermodynamic characteristics phase transition in a quantum system of hard spheres.
ŚRODKI OCHRONY PRAWNEJ JAKO ELEMENT BEZPIECZEŃSTWA FUNKCJONARIUSZY SŁUŻBY WIĘZIENNEJ
Authors: Zawadzki Wiesław , Konopka Krzysztof
Published: May 2024

Służba więzienna pełni istotną rolę w działaniach podejmowanych na rzecz zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego państwa. Chroni społeczeństwo przed sprawcami przestępstw, nie tylko izolując ale i przygotowując ich do powrotu do społeczeństwa, prowadząc oddziaływania resocjalizacyjne i readaptacyjne. Realizujący służbowe zadania funkcjonariusze Służby Więziennej stają na przeciw zagrożeniom i wyzwaniom kreowanym szczególnymi warunkami służby zarówno z uwagi na miejsce, jak też konieczność kontroli i nadzoru osób uznanych przez wymiar sprawiedliwości za przestępców. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie unormowań prawnych, które zapewniają środki ochrony prawnej stanowiące element bezpieczeństwa funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej, oraz wskazanie konieczności podnoszenia świadomości ochrony prawnej w trakcie wykonywania przez nich swoich obowiązków służbowych. Zagadnienia dotyczące ochrony prawno-sądowej omówione zostały na podstawie różnych gałęzi prawa, w szczególności prawa konstytucyjnego, prawa karnego, prawa cywilnego i prawa pracy.
ZAKRES ZADAŃ GRUP INTERWENCYJNYCH SŁUŻBY WIĘZIENNEJ W ZAPEWNIENIU BEZPIECZEŃSTWA DLA POZOSTAŁYCH FUNKCJONARIUSZY SŁUŻBY WIĘZIENNEJ I OSADZONYCH – WYBRANE ZAGADNIENIA
Authors: Banasiak Piotr
Published: May 2024

Grupy Interwencyjne Służby Więziennej są jednym z kluczowych podmiotów gwarantujących poczucie bezpieczeństwa w obiektach nadzorowanych przez Służbę w związku z wystąpieniem sytuacji o charakterze nadzwyczajnym. Ich specjalistyczne przeszkolenie, umiejętności i wyposażenie dają gwarancje realizacji wyznaczonego zdania w sposób minimalizujący ryzyko wystąpienia potencjalnych zagrożeń dla życia i zdrowia osadzonych. W literaturze przedmiotu jednostki GISW są bardzo rzadko analizowane ze względu na ograniczony dostęp do informacji wynikającej z elitarnego charakteru. W myśl autora tekstu, uznano za zasadne wskazanie roli opisywanej formacji w gwarancji bezpieczeństwa dla funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej i samych osadzonych w Zakładach Karnych i Aresztach Śledczych, by uzmysłowić konieczność zwiększenia nakładów sił i środków na rozwój opisywanej formacji. Artykuł w sposób teoretyczny ma na celu przybliżyć rolę i charakter GISW w ramach zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa.
Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde İdrar Yolu Enfeksiyonuna Yol Açan Mikroorganizmalar ve Antimikrobiyal Direnç Dağılımı: 5 Yıllık Deneyim
Authors: Ataş Nurgül , Çelik Mehmet
Published: May 2024

Yenidoğan döneminde idrar yolu enfeksiyonu önemli bir klinik problemdir. Bu çalışmada, kliniğimizde İYE tanısı alan yenidoğan bebeklerin idrar kültürlerinde üreyen mikroorganizmalar ve antibiyotik direnç paternlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Ocak 2017-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitemizde İYE tanısı alan 126 hastanın retrospektif olarak demografik verileri, idrar kültüründe üreyen mikroorganizmalar ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılık sonuçları kaydedildi. Hastaların 58’i (%46) kız, gestasyon yaşları ortanca 38 hafta idi. Hastaların %38.1’i prematüre iken sezeryan oranı %68.3 idi. İdrar kültüründe; K. pneumonia (%52.4) en sık üreyen mikroorganizma iken, E. coli (%19) ve Enterococcus spp (%15.9) diğer sık saptanan mikroorganizmalar oldu. Ampisilin direnci; K. pneumoniae’da (%100), Enterococcus spp’de (%85.7) ve E. coli’de (%71.4) amikasin direnci; K. pneumoniae’da %54.7 ve E. coli’de %25 bulundu. K. pneumoniae’da meropenem direnci %61.5 ve imipenem direnci %42.2 oranında görülürken E. coli’de meropenem direnci %11.1 ve imipenem direnci %7.1 oranında görüldü. Çalışmamızda K. pneumoniae ve E. coli en sık görülen bakterilerdi. İzole edilen bakterilerde karbapenemler dahil antimikrobiyallere karşı yüksek direnç görüldü. Özellikle yenidoğanlarda İYE’nin ampirik tedavisinde ampisilin, amoksisilin-klavulonat ve TMP-SMX’in yüksek direnç oranı nedeniyle kullanılmasının uygun olmayacağı düşüncesindeyiz.
Pandemi Sürecinde Kemoterapi Tedavisi Gören Kadın Hastalarda Endişe ve Umut Düzeyi İlişkisi
Authors: Korkmaz Kübra , Beydağ Kerime Derya
Published: May 2024

Bu araştırma, kemoterapi tedavisi gören kadın hastalarının pandemi sürecinde yaşadıkları endişe ve umut düzeyi arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, tanımlayıcı nitelikte olup örneklemini, 01/09/2020 ile 01/12/2020 tarihleri arasında bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıbbi Onkoloji ve Radyasyon onkolojisi servilerinde yatarak ve polikliniklerde ayaktan tedavi gören 150 kadın hasta oluşturmuştur. Veriler, Kişisel bilgi formu, Endişe Şiddeti Ölçeği ve Herth Umut indeksi ile elde edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma değerleri, Sperman korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır Araştırmada kadınların Endişe Şiddeti Ölçeği puan ortalaması 7,84±4,71 olarak bulunmuştur. Kadınların Hert Umut İndeksi toplam puan ortalaması 34,37±3,50; ölçek alt boyutlarından "Gelecek" alt boyutu puan ortalaması 11,31±1,48; “Olumlu hazır oluşluk ve beklenti” alt boyutu puan ortalaması 11,26±1,73 ve “Kendisi ve çevresindekilerle arasındaki bağlar” alt boyutu puan ortalaması 11,79±1,36 olarak bulunmuştur. Kadınların Endişe Şiddeti Ölçeği Toplam puanı ile Hert Umut İndeksi toplam puanı arasında negatif yönde ve orta düzeyde ilişki saptanmıştır. Endişe Şiddeti Ölçeği toplam puanı ile "Gelecek" alt boyutu; Olumlu hazır oluşluk ve beklenti” alt boyutu ve “Kendisi ve çevresindekilerle arasındaki bağlar” alt boyutu puan ortalaması arasında negatif yönde zayıf ilişki saptanmıştır. Hert Umut İndeksi Alt boyut puan ortalaması ile ölçek toplam puan ortalaması arasında pozitif yönde ilişki saptamıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kemoterapi tedavisi gören kadın hastaların endişe düzeyi arttıkça, umut düzeyinin düştüğünü saptanmıştır.
The Effect of Childhood Pain Experiences of Nursing Students on Fear of Pain in Adulthood
Authors: Binay Yaz Şeyda , Başdemir Sinem
Published: May 2024

Fear of pain develops from negative interpretations and thinking that pain is equivalent to causing harm. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of childhood pain experiences of nursing students' on pain fear in adulthood. The research is descriptive and cross-sectional and its sample consisted of 176 nursing students at a state university An information form prepared by the researchers in line with the literature and the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III were used to collect the data. When the pain experienced in the same medical procedures in childhood was compared with the pain they experienced at their current age, it was determined that 65.9% of the students experienced less pain now. The total score of the students on the Fear of Pain Questionnaire was 80.57±19.77. It has been determined that the painful experiences of students in childhood affect the fear of pain in adulthood (p
Doğum Eyleminde Kadınların Vajinal Muayene Deneyimleri
Authors: Tandoğan Özden , Kaya Tuğçe , Hotun Şahin Nevin
Published: May 2024

Amaç: Doğumda rutin bir uygulama olan vajinal muayene, doğum eyleminin başlangıcını ve ilerlemesini değerlendirmek için kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu araştırma doğum eyleminde kadınların vajinal muayene deneyimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla kesitsel- tanımlayıcı desene sahip olarak planladı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma İstanbul bir şehir hastanesinin doğumhane biriminde 01/02/2022- 01/05/2022 tarihleri arasında 324 lohusa kadın ile gerçekleştirildi. Olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemi kullanıldı. Veriler Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Kadınların Travayda Vajinal Muayene Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Travayda Vajinal Muayene Ölçeği alt boyut puanları; uygun bulma/onaylama 79.60±13.41, algılama 52.15±17.27, mahremiyet 60.25±14.11, bilgilendirme 66.43±17.39, ağrı 43.30±25.95 ve toplam puan 64.28±11.30 olarak saptandı. Kadınların Travayda Vajinal muayene deneyimlerini yaş (F: 3.184, p=0.043), eğitim (F:2.750, p=0.043), doğumun evresi (Z:-2.844, p=0.004), travayda sağlık personeli ile iletişim (F:4.612, p=0.011) ve mahremiyet (Z:-5.999, p=0.000) boyutlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu saptandı.
Sonuç: Kadınların travayda vajinal muayene deneyimlerini yaş, eğitim düzeyi, travayda sağlık personeli ile olan iletişim ve travayda mahremiyete dikkat edilmesinin vajinal muayene deneyimlerini olumlu etkilediği görüldü.
Evidence-Based Practices during Spontaneous and Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Büyükkal Tuba , Yılmaz Tülay
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is to investigate evidence-based practices used for maternal optimal care during birth. Investigating the use of evidence-based practices for spontaneous and cesarean deliveries will contribute to maternal optimal care during delivery. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was completed with 371 women giving birth. The study was conducted in a maternity hospital in Turkey. The Descriptive Information Form and the Optimality Index-Turkey (OI-TR) were used in the data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. In spontaneous and cesarean delivery groups, the nonstress test was performed in 100%. Skin-to-skin contact was not ensured between the mother and neonate in any of them (100%). Also, for spontaneous delivery group labor induction or augmentation was applied to 73.1%, there was no person providing support during labor (except the medical team) in any of them (100%), the non-supine position was not used at birth in any of them (100%) and episiotomy was applied to 59.1%. Our study results point to non evidence-based routine clinical practices in delivery were determined. This situation made the delivery process in the hospital far from optimal. This study revealed that midwives,nurses and clinicans should make knowledge and behavioral changes in their evidence-based practices.
The Opinions and Experiences of Nurses on One Year with the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Göktepe Nilgün , Sarıköse Seda
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to reveal the opinions and experiences of nurses who took an active role in the fight against the pandemic during the one-year period after the first reported COVID-19 case in Turkey.This qualitative, descriptive study used an in-depth, individual interview method. The COREQ Checklist was used in the study. Data were collected from semi-structured interviews conducted in 2021 with 11 nurses who were recruited via purposive and maximum variation sampling. Data was analyzed used to content analysis. Content analysis of the data revealed three main themes (“Individual Impacts of COVID-19 on Nurses,” “Working Experiences of Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic,” and “The Effects of COVID-19 on the Nursing Profession”) and eight subthemes.This study’s results revealed that the nurses who worked actively during the COVID-19 pandemic were psychologically, physiologically, and socially affected though they gained some achievements while responding to challenges in the work environment during the first year of the pandemic. In addition, in this period, it was determined that their thoughts and wishes about the nursing profession and the role of nursing differed.
Gebelere Verilen Biyolojik Besleme Eğitiminin Emzirme Durumuna Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma Protokolü
Authors: Kaya Nurten , Uncu Betül , Doğan Elif
Published: May 2024

Doğum sonu en erken dönemde emzirmenin başlatılarak sürekliliğinin sağlanması; yaşamın ilk 6 ayında yalnızca anne sütü; en az ilk 1 yılında ise ek gıdayla birlikte anne sütü uluslararası otoriterler tarafından önerilmektedir. Bu çalışma gebelere verilen biyolojik besleme eğitiminin annelerin emzirme öz yeterliliği ve emzirme başarıları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek için randomize kontrollü deneysel çalışma olarak planlandı. Bu amaçla İstanbul’da bir hastanenin gebe polikliniğine, Temmuz-Aralık 2023 tarihleri arasında başvuran 153 gebe araştırma kapsamına alınacaktır. Gebeler randomizasyon ile üç gruba ayrılarak (grup 1-biyolojik besleme, grup 2-klasik emzirme, grup 3-kontrol) her bir gruba 51 gebe alınacaktır. Grup 1’e biyolojik besleme eğitimi yapılırken, grup 2’ye klasik emzirme eğitimi verilecek, grup 3 ise rutin bakım alacaktır. Yapılan eğitim girişiminin sonuçları emzirme öz-yeterliliği (Prenatal Emzirme Öz-yeterlilik Ölçeği, Emzirme Öz-yeterlilik Ölçeği) ve emzirme başarısı (LATCH Emzirme Tanılama Ölçeği) belirlenerek yorumlanacaktır. Bu araştırma sonucunda biyolojik beslemenin etkili olduğu ve emzirme oranlarının arttırılmasında bir araç olabileceği öngörülmektedir. Böylece sağlıklı bireyler yetişecek ve bu durum toplum sağlığına yansıyacak ve sağlık giderlerinin azaltılmasında bir araç olacaktır. Ayrıca bu proje, biyolojik beslemeye ilişkin sınırlı literatürün arttırılmasına ve kanıtların oluşturulmasına, bu konuda uzman bilim insanlarının yetişmesine olanak sağlayacaktır.
Cri Du Chat Sendromlu Bir Olguda Yapılandırılmış Ergoterapi Müdahalesinin Etkisi
Authors: Erarslan İbrahim , Ata Fatmanur , Tarakcı Devrim , Özçelik Elif
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada Cri Du Chat (Kedi Miyavlaması) Sendromu’na sahip 9 yaşındaki yaşındaki bir olgunun öz bakım, fonksiyonel mobilite, sosyal ve motor becerilerindeki problemlere yönelik ergoterapi müdahalesinin etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Olguya ergoterapi müdahalesi öncesi ve sonrasında olmak üzere KAPÖ (Kanada Aktivite Performans Ölçeği) ve WeeFIM (Çocuklar İçin Fonksiyonel Bağımsızlık Ölçümü) ; değerlendirme seansı esnasında Pediatrik Berg Denge Ölçeği uygulandı; müdahale öncesi ve sonrasında çocuğun ebeveynine 2 kez PEDI (Pediatrik Özürlülük Değerlendirme Envanteri) uygulandı. Çalışmada KAPÖ’nün kendine bakım, serbest zaman ve üretkenlik/oyun parametreleri kullanıldı. Ergoterapi seansları 8 seans uygulandı. 8 seans sonrasında 5 problemli alanın yer aldığı KAPÖ’nün puanlamasında ortalama 2,6’dan 5,2’ye yükselerek performans ve memnuniyet değerlendirmelerinde anlamlı farklar gözlendi. WeeFIM sonuçlarına bakıldığında kendine bakım, sfinkter kontrolü, mobilite, lokomosyon ve iletişim bölümlerinden elde edilen ortalama değer 71’den 93’e yükseldi. Ebeveyn tarafından cevaplandırılan PEDI sonuçlarına göre kendine bakım, mobilite ve sosyal fonksiyon parametrelerinde “yapabilir” olarak işaretlenen cevapların sayısı arttı. Pediatrik Berg Denge Ölçeği sonuçlarına göre ise denge skalasındaki skor puanlarında artış gözlendi. Gerçekleştirilen ergoterapi müdahaleleriyle bireyin öz bakım, fonksiyonel mobilite, sosyal ve motor becerilerinde gelişmeler kaydedilip günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde, yardımcı günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde, sosyal katılımında ve oyun aktivitelerinde bağımsızlığının arttığı görülmüştür.
GESTIÓN DE LA INFORMACIÓN A TRAVÉS DE ESPACIOS VIRTUALES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD ULEAM, AÑO 2022
Authors: Vidal Pablo , Cañarte Rodríguez Tania , Rodríguez Sánchez Johnny
Published: May 2024

El propósito principal del estudio consistió en analizar la gestión de la información a través de espacios virtuales de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, durante el año 2022. Además, indagar la forma en que la universidad gestiona la información utilizando diversos espacios virtuales y conocer como las herramientas tecnológicas apoyan la forma en que se gestionan las diversas informaciones que surgen dentro de los entornos institucionales. El estudio centra su importancia al efectuar análisis con una visión gerencial capaces de orientar e impulsar la buena gestión de la información en las universidades. Se utilizó una metodología de enfoque mixto, para lo cual se aplicaron entrevistas a personal universitario, trabajadores en el área de gestión de información; y por otro lado se observaron, mediante dos test, los niveles de accesibilidad y usabilidad. Los resultados mostraron algunos problemas a nivel tecnológico virtual (búsquedas, navegación, acceso a información relevante, redes sociales, entre otros) que minimizan la calidad de la navegación de los usuarios impactando negativamente en la calidad de la información brindada a través de los espacios digitales. De esta manera se concluye la necesidad de articular los distintos espacios universitarios para promover una gestión de información efectiva y actualizada, tomando en consideración el mejoramiento del sitio web como espacio de promoción institucional.
EMPODERAMIENTO FAMILIAR Y SU INCIDENCIA EN EL TRABAJO INFANTIL EN GUAYAQUIL, CENTRO SUR DURANTE EL 2022.
Authors: Mero Panchana María Elizabeth , Bojorque Pazmiño Erick
Published: May 2024

La investigación realizada se desarrolló como consecuencia del proceso de intervención efectuado en familias de niños en situación de trabajo infantil, en la ciudad de Guayaquil, durante el periodo 2022. En virtud de ello se estructuró como objetivo eje, determinar el empoderamiento familiar y su incidencia en la corresponsabilidad familiar de padres de NNA (Niños, niñas y Adolescentes) trabajadores en Guayaquil, describiendo de qué manera influye en la protección de derechos y la desnaturalización del trabajo infantil. Como se indica en el Código de la Niñez y Adolescencia, la familia tiene la corresponsabilidad de garantizar los derechos de los niños, sin embargo, hay contextos socioculturales que obstaculizan la aplicabilidad de este compromiso. En consecuencia, el presente trabajo analizó uno de los factores que imposibilitan la erradicación progresiva del trabajo infantil desde el ámbito familiar. La metodología implementada fue de carácter cualitativa, con diseño narrativo, se aplicó la técnica de entrevista, logrando así un análisis interno familiar sistémico y global de familias que comparten la misma problemática, donde a través de los resultados se logró comprender que los entrevistados consideran la participación familiar como fundamental en la crianza de los NNA trabajadores. En con conclusión, se logró analizar la importancia de la participación familiar en la crianza de los NNA para contribuir en la restitución de derechos, por lo tanto, es preciso comprender la realidad de los hogares y la dinámica familiar como punto de partida de las intervenciones desplegadas a favor de este grupo de atención prioritaria.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Trabajo infantil, familia, empoderamiento, derechos, vulnerabilidad.
COMUNICACIÓN FAMILIAR Y SU RELACION CON LA AUTOESTIMA EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS
Authors: Morata Pilco Nahomi Estefaní , Espín-Miniguano Anita Dalila
Published: May 2024

La familia ecuatoriana se encuentra en cambios por diversas causas, más recientemente, la pandemia de COVID-19. Estas disyuntivas han perturbado la dinámica y el bienestar mental de los miembros del hogar, lo que afecta la autoestima de los jóvenes. En este contexto, el propósito de esta investigación fue determinar la relación entre la comunicación familiar y la autoestima. Se empleó un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, que abarcó a 377 estudiantes universitarios. El estudio se ubicó en un paradigma pos-positivista, con un diseño no experimental de enfoque cuantitativo, con un nivel de investigación descriptivo-correlacional y de naturaleza transversal. Los datos se recolectaron mediante la aplicación de la Escala de Comunicación Familiar Padres/Adolescentes y la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Entre los resultados más destacados, se evidencia que un 47,5% de los estudiantes mantiene un nivel de comunicación alto con sus madres, mientras que un 49,3% exhibe un nivel de comunicación bajo con respecto a sus padres. Asimismo, el 50,7% presenta una autoestima elevada, mientras que el 25,2% muestra una autoestima baja. Si bien se identificó una relación positiva entre la comunicación familiar y la autoestima, es importante destacar que esta valoración es de magnitud baja, lo que indica que a medida que la comunicación familiar varía, también lo hace la autoestima en los estudiantes, aunque de manera limitada.
RECONOCIMIENTO DE LA CONDICIÓN DE REFUGIADOS CLIMÁTICOS COMO MECANISMO DE PROTECCIÓN DEL DERECHO A LA VIDA
Authors: Ruiz López Joan Michelle
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación se ha desarrollado con la finalidad de reconocer que la gravedad del impacto del cambio climático genera movimiento poblacional no solo dentro de los Estados, sino también, a nivel transfronterizo y, al no existir protección jurídica dentro del Sistema Internacional de Derechos Humanos se vulnera el derecho a una vida digna. La investigación es de tipo descriptivo, con enfoque cualitativo. Del profundo análisis realizado se obtuvo como resultado que existe una imperiosa necesidad de reconocer en tratados y convenios internacionales de derechos humanos la condición de refugiados climáticos, puesto que, quienes se ven obligados a cruzar fronteras internacionales por este problema, luchan indefensos, al no existir ningún estatus que los convierta en sujetos de protección. En tal motivo, incorporar esta figura a través de argumentos jurídicos apropiados permitiría proteger el derecho a una vida digna, establecer la responsabilidad de los Estados de garantizarlo y, asimismo, fomentar el principio de colaboración internacional para mitigar los efectos adversos del cambio climático.

PALABRAS CLAVE: Refugiados, cambio climático, derecho a la vida, dignidad
Hacia un nuevo modelo de financiación autonómica en España: diagnóstico y terapia
Authors: Rubio Guerrero Juan José
Published: May 2024

En este trabajo se trata de abordar un conjunto de cuestiones centrales, que deben considerarse a la hora de una revisión integral del Sistema de Financiación Autonómica (Regional) de Régimen Común (SFRC) en España. Se plantean dos objetivos fundamentales: en primer lugar, realizar una revisión del modelo de financiación autonómica aplicado en España en los últimos años, desde los principios de eficiencia, responsabilidad, esfuerzo fiscal, equidad y solidaridad interterritorial y, en segundo lugar, proponer nuevos esquemas de financiación autonómica, que permitan superar las limitaciones, inconsistencias y problemas que se derivan del actual modelo de financiación regional, como consecuencia de su evolución y de las presiones políticas, en función de la posición relativa de los recursos financieros asignados territorialmente.
First Record of Garra triangularis from Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Rath Shibananda , Pandey Atul , Tudu Asha Kiran , Rani Rekha
Published: May 2024

Garra triangularis Shangningam et al. [1] has been reported first from the Sakartod River at Khanvel, Dadra & Nagar Haveli (UT), Western ghats, and then from Gajapati district of Odisha, Eastern Ghat. The present study reports it for the first time from Madhya Pradesh. The present specimen agrees with all the morphometric and meristic counts of the species, including the snout shape and the structure of tubercles on the proboscis. G. triangularis has a new distribution record from the State of Madhya Pradesh in India.
Three-Minute Videos to Learn About Marine Geochemistry
Authors:   Université de Toulouse,, Masferrer Dodas Elena , Jeandel Catherine , Artis Adrian
Published: May 2024

The international GEOTRACES program (https://www.geotraces.org/) is a marine geochemical project involving scientists from more than 35 countries that aims to improve understanding of trace elements and their isotopes in the marine environment (Anderson, 2024, in this issue). However, terms such as trace elements and isotopes can be very challenging concepts to communicate to a non-scientific audience. GEOTRACES scientists face this difficulty when explaining their research to the general public. To overcome it, the GEOTRACES International Project Office launched a series of short (about three minutes) educational videos aimed at introducing and explaining the science of the GEOTRACES program to the general public. These videos explain marine geochemical science and concepts such as trace elements and isotopes in an easy and fun format while keeping the scientific message accurate. They also constitute a powerful teaching resource and offer an accessible and appealing method for students to learn about marine geochemistry.
Efecto antitoxicológico del tocosh de papa (Solanum tuberosum) frente al sulfametoxazol-trimetropina en raíces de cebolla (Allium cepa)
Authors: Gonzales-Llontop Luis Felipe , Chotón Calvo Mariel del Rocío , Chico-Ruíz Julio
Published: May 2024

Varios fármacos de venta libre son ofrecidos a pacientes y no les alcanzan información de los efectos secundarios por su consumo frecuente. Ello estimuló a valorar el efecto antitoxicológico del tocosh de papa (Solanum tuberosum) frente al sulfametoxasol-trimetropina en raíces de cebolla (Allium cepa). Se desarrollaron raícillas de 3,0 cm en 20 bulbos de cebolla, las cuales se sostuvieron en cuatro procedimientos: testigo (100 ml de agua destilada), problema 1 (20 uL de tocosh), problema 2 (sulfametoxasol-trimetropina 1%) y problema 3 (sulfametoxasol-trimetropina 1% más 20 uL de tocosh.). Se aplicó la técnica de coloración de Tjio y Levan para la observación celular. El grupo 3 presentó: anomalías cromosómicas clastogénicas: puentes (2,3%), puentes múltiples (1,2%), cromosoma en c-metafase (0,5%) y aneugénicas: cromosoma pegajoso (1,1%) y yema nuclear (1,3%) y sin aberraciones (99,6%) mientras la agrupación que recibió antibiótico más tocosh expresó falta de anormalidades cromosómicas.  En las condiciones de laboratorio, a una dosis de 2uL de tocosh se percibió el mejor efecto antitoxicológico en raicillas de Allium cepa lo cual muestra al tocosh como una alternativa antitoxicológica ante el poder tóxico de ciertos fármacos.