bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropomorphic robots in medicine: technology options and prospects.
Authors:   the urological information portal UroWeb.ru, Shaderkina V.A. ,   Moscow, Russia, Shaderkina A.I. ,   Institute of Clinical Medicine of the First Moscow State Medical University n.a. I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russia, Petrushin A.A. ,   Institute of Clinical Medicine of the First Moscow State Medical University n.a. I.M. Sechenov of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Anthropomorphic robots may eventually occupy a special niche in medicine, performing physically demanding, as well as emotionally monotonous work. As artificial intelligence is introduced, ARs will become more complex and their functions will expand. Materials and methods. For a review on anthropomorphic robots, foreign and Russian scientific publications were studied. It should be noted that the Russian segment of scientific publications for the keywords «anthropomorphic robots», «humanoid robots», «social robots» is extremely small and does not reflect the current world practice. 20 articles were selected from foreign sources. 2 own classifications have been developed - medical robots and anthropomorphic medical robots. Results. In recent years, there has been an explosive growth in the development of robotics. Along with industrial, military, service robots, the development of medical robots is going its own way. A universal anthropomorphic robot is a complex combination of a musculoskeletal system, mechanical limbs, a voice recognition system, space and neural networks capable of processing and understanding the environment and voice commands. The hallmark of AR at the time of writing: lack of cognitive ability and physical autonomy. The use of AR in certain medical fields is described, an attempt is made to determine the social aspects of AR. Conclusions. The greatest demand for anthropomorphic (humanoid) robots in medicine will be for caring for the elderly and for patients with limited motor functions, during pandemics or other potentially life-threatening situations. In the future, at the stage of introducing artificial intelligence, a thorough study of the legislation and the security system of such robots is required. Currently, the cost of AR is quite high, but in the future, cost reduction will be associated with the absence of costs for changing the environment for using such robots, which may be economically justified. The most important aspect of the use of AR is emotional interaction with a person and the safety of the latter.
Al-Qur'ān Interpretation Pattern by Adi Hidayat on Adi Hidayat Official YouTube Channel
Authors: Suryadinata M. , Wahid Abdul , Ernawati Ernawati , Arib Juhrah M. , Putra Sudarmadi
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze Adi Hidayat's al-Qur'ān interpretation on an official YouTube channel. It ensures that the public is not exposed to inferior information as the use of new media to interpret the al-Qur'ān in the digital age increases and regulation becomes more complex. Therefore, new problems in the al-Qur'ān interpretation are inevitable. Becoming a mufassīr necessitates expertise, and the al-Qur'ān interpretation should adhere to the same rules. A qualitative and virtual ethnographic approach was used to analyze the data. Primary data was obtained from Adi Hidayat's video interpretation of sūrah an-Nūr, sūrah Yusūf, and tafsīr on the Jewish genealogy history, as well as studies on Islamic questions and answers. Similarly, books and journals were used as secondary data and analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques. The results showed that Adi Hidayat's interpretation style was lugāwī and tended to use the mauḍū'i than the tahlīlī method with the bil ma'sūr and bil ra'yi approaches. Additionally, the tafsīr book was not the only source of interpretation and tends to rely on personal ijtihād through language analysis, as well as reviewing the wisdom of a verse rather than explaining the global meaning. This study contributes to the discovery of the al-Qur'ān interpretation aspects by Adi Hidayat. It shows the importance of social media as an essential tool for mufassīr because of its easy accessibility for the public.
Misinterpretation of the Qur'an: Thesis Analysis of Students of the Pontianak State Islamic Institute
Authors: Herlambang Saifuddin
Published: June 2023

This article analyzes the use of Qur'anic interpretation in the theses of early childhood education students at the Pontianak State Islamic Institute. This attracted the attention of the author because many students misinterpreted the verses of the Qur'an in the context of the research carried out by students. The entire thesis studied by the author shows the absence of references and the views of the interpreters regarding the verses used in the study. Of course, this is not in accordance with Islamic education research standards. The research method used by the author is qualitative, with a literature research approach. Data collection is carried out by analyzing or tracing student theses using Quranic verses. The data analysis used by the author is an analysis of the content of primary data and secondary data studied at the Pontianak State Islamic Institute. The results obtained in this study show that early childhood education students at the Pontianak State Islamic Institute still make many mistakes in interpreting verses from the Qur'an both from book citations to technical interpretations of qur'anic verses
Epistemologi Studi Hadis Kawasan: Konsep, Awal Kemunculan, dan Dinamika
Authors: Wendry Novizal
Published: June 2023

Epistemology of Area's Hadith Study: Concept, Early Emergence, and DynamicsThis study focuses on the efforts of regional conceptual construction of hadith studies as a new issue in contemporary hadith science discourse. As a past event, the hadith was identically territorial. The area refers to the place where the Prophet and the narrators lived, migrated to other areas and stayed there for a long time. Uniquely, this area is included by hadith critics in their identification of the narrator after mentioning his name, kunyah, and laqab. The data has not been written in academic form in terms genealogy as well as the developments and the changes. By using qualitative approach, in exploring the literature of early, middle and contemporary hadith sciences, this article intends to fill this void. This research found that practically the study of regional hadith had been started at the beginning of the 3rd century and was done by Ahmad bin Hanbal (241 H), followed by ar-Ramahurmuzi (+360 H) and other hadith scholars. The study of regional hadith was sustained and dynamic based on regional phrases in the sub chapters and titles of hadith science literature. This study also found the phrases amṣār, buldān, awṭān, marākiz ta`līm, and madrasah al-hadīṡ. The shifts of the phrases to regional hadith studies is considered as an adoption of area studies that emerged in American universities in the early twentieth century. Regional hadith studies require a multidisciplinary paradigm in order to produce novelty with a unique hadith genre in a region
Hidup Sehat Bersama Al-Quran (Telaah Tematik Ayat-ayat tentang Kesehatan)
Authors: Qamar Syamsul , Thulfitrah B Nurlathifah , Ahmad La Ode Ismail , Abubakar Achmad
Published: June 2023

Healthy Life with Al-Quran (Thematic Study of Verses about Health)This article aims to reveal the concept of healthy life with the Qur'an in maudhuiy interpretation approach which is a literary study. This article summarizes that explain of Qur’an and their correlation with hadith. He provides a comprehensive understanding that Islam really wants health and the impact it causes. Based on several verses and hadiths presented in this paper, there is a relationship between physical and psychological health, in which humans cannot be said to be healthy, when their minds are not healthy, when they are physically strong, they do not appreciate when they are mentally ill so that they are healthy mentally and physically. is the answer. To achieve quality health that combines body and soul, it is necessary to have a complete understanding of human self as a perfect entity if it does not separate aspects of the soul and body. When humans provide their bodily needs in the form of food and drink, the quality of what they consume will affect the quality of their soul.
Contextualization of Prophet Muhammad SAW's Hadith on Humanistic Psychology in Character Building in Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Hasep
Published: June 2023

As a messenger of Allah, the personality of the Prophet Muhammad is very worthy to be emulated, which is reflected in his hadiths, both in the form of his words, deeds and decisions. This article aims to explore the meaning contained in the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad related to humanistic psychology and then contextualize them with character building in Indonesia. Exploration of meaning is carried out using the Hermeneutics of Hassan Hanafi, in which the hadiths are analyzed historically, eidetically, and practically. This study found that based on a study of the hadiths related to the humanistic psychology of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, character building in Indonesia should be implemented by applying several principles and forms that he has exemplified, namely: 1) given gently and based on compassion, 2) carried out with the aim of providing convenience to others, 3) guiding by providing comfort and pleasure to others, 4) exemplifying and implementing noble morals.
Implementation of the Value of Moderation in Education: Study of Term al-Wasath in Surah al-Baqarah verse 143 with Abdullah Saeed's Contextual Hermeneutics Approach
Authors: Nurjannah Nurjannah
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the implementation of the value of moderation contained in QS Al-Baqarah verse 143 in the world of education. The moderation value is obtained from a study of the meaning of al-wasath contained in the verse. The study was conducted using the term thematic method with the Contextual Hermeneutics approach initiated by Abdullah Saeed. Namely, capturing the messages and teachings of the Qur'an by considering the historical context of the text and the historical context of the application of the text. This study found that, 1) the meaning of the term al-wasath is a state in the middle, in worldview and life in the hereafter and physical and spiritual behavior, not to act in extreme and radical ways, 2) historically, term al-wasath in QS al -Baqarah: 143 is used to express the moderate attitude of a farmer who thinks well of the crop failure he has experienced, and in context this term shows a tolerant attitude towards various differences that occur in life, 3) the application of moderation values in education can be done with several approaches, namely the value instilling approach, the cognitive moral development approach, the value analysis approach, the value clarification approach, and the learning to do approach. Through this approach, moderate attitudes are instilled which can give birth to tolerance, mutual respect and compassion among people. 3) the application of moderation values in education can be carried out using several approaches, namely the value instilling approach, the cognitive moral development approach, the value analysis approach, the value clarification approach, and the learning to do approach. Through this approach, moderate attitudes are instilled which can give birth to tolerance, mutual respect and compassion among people. 3) the application of moderation values in education can be carried out using several approaches, namely the value instilling approach, the cognitive moral development approach, the value analysis approach, the value clarification approach, and the learning to do approach. Through this approach, moderate attitudes are instilled which can lead to tolerance, mutual respect and compassion among people
Optimalisiasi Wakaf Produktif dalam Mendukung Upaya Pencapaian SDGs Melalui Pemberdayaan Peternakan
Authors: Abiba Riska Widya , Suprayitno Eko
Published: June 2023

This study aims to analyze the role of productive waqf through the livestock empowerment program to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia which focuses on the first goal, namely no poverty and goal eight, namely decent work and economic growth. The research method used is qualitative research with a literature study approach. Data analysis technique using data reduction, data presentation, and data organization. The results of this study indicate that the potential for productive waqf in Indonesia is enormous, but the utilization of waqf assets still needs to be improved. So, the innovations emerged related to productive waqf through livestock waqf, where the waqf can play a role in developing and solving Indonesia's economic problems. Livestock waqf also contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by supporting the SDGs goal of a society without poverty, providing decent work, and increasing economic growth.
Analysis of Student Responses to Matlab Applications in Physics Learning in High Schools
Authors: Kalsum Umi , Fathurohman Apit
Published: June 2023

The development and presence of computer technology have made it easy for various parties to use it in life, including education, to support education. Physics is a branch of natural science. In learning physics, technology is needed in the learning process. One assistive software that can be used in learning physics is the Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). This program can improve speed and accuracy in various calculations in learning. So that the time needed to work on it is more efficient and the results are better obtained more accurately than the calculations done manually. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze students' responses to the application of MATLAB in physics learning. The data collection method used in this research is questionnaires with unstructured interview techniques assisted by the Google form application. The respondents used in the study were 10 class X students at UPT SMA Negeri 1 Ogan Komering Ilir. The results of data collection and analysis were descriptive and qualitative. The percentage of data obtained was analyzed using existing categories. The research results show that all aspects of the proportion of student responses are 83% with very good scores; this means that the MATLAB application is effectively used for learning physics.
BRINQUEDOTECAS UNIVERSITÁRIAS E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BAIANA
Authors: Ribeiro Carina Rosa Alves , Santos Ana Maria Buni dos , Bittencourt Mônica Lemos , Santos Marta Pereira
Published: June 2023

A presente comunicação visa apresentar a pesquisa em andamento realizada pelas monitoras de iniciação científica, vinculadas ao grupo Ludarte/Pró-Reitoria de Pós graduação/PPG /Programa SONIC na Unive
Awareness and attitude of female university students on the human papillomavirus and vaccination: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Muzaheed Muzaheed
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common factor in causing cervical cancer. HPV vaccine is a successful strategy to prevent cervical cancer. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to examine female university students’ knowledge and perceptions concerning HPV infection and its vaccine.

Materials & methods: The participants in this cross-sectional survey were female students of applied medical sciences at Imam Abdurrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted using a structured 28-multiple-choice items questionnaire. A total of 168 participants were included in the survey between September to November 2022.

Results: The average age of participants was 20.10±1.74 years. The majority of the participants (52%) had knowledge of HPV. Whereas 52% of participants showed a positive attitude toward HPV vaccine. The age of the participants was positively and significantly associated with good knowledge of HPV (OR=1.884, 95% CI 1.06-3.35). Participants from a healthcare worker’s family were convinced that it could infect both men and women equally (67% vs. 42%, p-0.02).

Conclusions: Overall knowledge and attitude toward HPV and its vaccine were found adequate. It is crucial to implement an educational program within universities and awareness campaigns in community to encourage vaccination, which leads to lower incidence of cervical cancer.
Influence of knowledge management enablers and processes on a sustainable manufacturing performance in Nigeria
Authors: Duru Chibueze Callistus , Fu Colin , Nimo Michael
Published: June 2023

The research objective is to investigate the impact of knowledge management (KM) enablers and processes on the performance of Nigeria’s manufacturing sector. The poor performance in Nigeria’s public and private sectors has been linked to insufficient or non-existent KM implementation methods. Survey questionnaires were distributed to the members of Manufacturing Association of Nigeria. Of the 500 survey questionnaires distributed, 424 were returned correctly completed representing about 84% response rate. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multi-regression analysis. The results show that KM enablers variables (management leadership, information technology, infrastructure, and organizational culture) and KM process variables significantly contribute to manufacturing performance except for knowledge application. The research adds to the general knowledge by shedding more light on the impact of KM enablers and processes for sustainable manufacturing from an African perspective. Also, it provides academic support for investing more resources in sustainable KM-based manufacturing in Nigeria.
Virtual Training Applications in Aviation BITE Test Application
Authors: SARIKAYA Yunus , AYDOĞAN Hakan , ARAS Faruk
Published: June 2023

In this study, the objective is to scientifically examine the usability of multi-user virtual environments as an alternative solution to traditional methods in order to enhance the effectiveness and create widespread opportunities for training applications in aviation, which are difficult and risky to implement on actual aircraft. For this purpose, a virtual environment application was developed, specifically focusing on the examination of Built-In Test Equipment (BITE) test procedures conducted by maintenance personnel during aircraft maintenance. The application included the design of a Multi-Function Control and Display Unit (MCDU) in the virtual environment. The benefits and limitations of the virtual environment application were discussed, highlighting how the challenging and risky working conditions can be efficiently transformed into practical training scenarios in various contexts, promoting the development and reinforcement of skills for personnel. Despite the extensive use of multi-user virtual environments in various fields, it is evident that there is scarce research conducted in the aviation maintenance and repair sector. This study serves as a significant initiative to draw attention to the potential usability of multi-user virtual environments for educational purposes in the aviation maintenance and repair sector.
TÜRK SOYLULARA TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETİMİNDE SIKÇA KARŞILAŞILAN NOKTALAMA İŞARETLERİ SORUNLARI VE ÇÖZÜM ÖNERİLERİ
Authors: ÇELİK Gökcan , ÇELİK Özkan
Published: June 2023

Noktalama işaretlerinin dilin yapı ve anlam özelliklerini korumada ve işleyişini sağlamada önemli görevleri vardır. Daha açık bir ifadeyle, noktalama işaretleri metnin daha kolay yazılmasını ve daha net anlaşılmasını sağlar. Bu bağlamda, hem ana dil öğretiminde hem de yabancı dil öğretiminde önem verilmesi gereken bir husustur.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kırgızistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi hazırlık sınıflarında Türkiye Türkçesi öğrenen Türk soylu öğrencilerin yazılı anlatım becerilerinde sıkça yaptıkları noktalama hatalarını araştırmak, bu hataların sebeplerini irdelemek ve bu hataların giderilmesine ilişkin çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Araştırmaya B1 düzeyinde ana dili Kırgızca ve Rusça olan 96 Türk soylu öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağını bu öğrencilerin önceden belirlenen ve giriş paragrafı verilen bir masalın devamını yazma etkinliğinde ürettikleri metinler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi metodu kullanılmış ve öğrencilerin bu metinlerde noktalama işaretleri konusunda sıkça yaptıkları hatalar tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra bu hatalar alt başlıklar hâlinde sınıflandırılarak nedenleri yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda tespit edilen hataların daha çok öğrencilerin ana dilleri olan Kırgızca ve Rusçanın etkisinden ve noktalama işaretlerinin kullanım yerlerine dair bilgi eksikliğinden kaynaklandığı görülmüştür. Araştırmanın bulgu ve sonuçlarından yola çıkarak yapılan değerlendirmeler ve öneriler, Türk soylulara Türkçe öğretiminde özellikle noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususları göstermesi ve bu konuda öğreticilere düşen sorumlulukları ortaya koyması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.
Duck Meatballs With Various Tuber Flour Quality Based on Organoleptic
Authors: Yasin Muhammad Yusuf , Haryuni Nining , Lidiyawati Anna
Published: June 2023

One of the potential meats for a meatball is duck meat with a fiber arrangement that is almost similar to beef. Flour derived from tubers has the potential to be used as an ingredient for making meatballs because tubers also contain amylopectin, making it chewy and delicious, so that it can have elasticity properties in meatballs. So, it is important to determine the quality of duck meatballs which include color, aroma, taste, texture and level of preference. The research was conducted in the integrated science laboratory of Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar University for 1 month in June. The material used was meatball from duck meat which was bought in the traditional market srengat district blitar, tapioca flour, canna flour, taro flour, porang flour and arrowroot flour and spice which consists of garlic, onion, salt and ice cube. The method used in this study was an experiment laboratory based on Hedonic Test.Â  Data were analyzed with One Way ANOVA and follow by Duncan's Multiple test if significant effect occurs. The results showed that use of different flours on duck meatball gave significant effect Â (P>0,05) on color, taste, texture, and overall acceptability and did not significantly effect on smell. The characteristic of duck meatball with tapioca flour, canna flour, taro flour and arrowroot flour can be accepted Â than porang flour.Â
Opinion: Common Errors, Omissions, and Presentation Problems in the Conduct and Reporting of Animal-based Research
Authors: Toth Linda A , Gades Naomi M , Gaskill Brianna N , DeMarco George , Tolley Elizabeth A
Published: June 2023

As experienced authors, statisticians, editors, and scientists, we present the following comments to highlight some usages or omissions that are common in research manuscripts. Consideration of these comments will improve practices of data analysis and reporting.
The role of multimedia tools in Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan education classroom teaching in the digital era
Authors: Alzubi Ahmad
Published: June 2023

The article aims to reveal the role of education as a key component in the growth of nations, and it is essential for the construction of a more promising future for the nation’s youth, both as future professionals and as citizens, so that they may demonstrate their capacity to acquire the skills necessary for successful jobs. Technology development has led to the creation of many multimedia tools, which have enhanced the educational system. To boost one’s capacity for memory or understanding, one may use multimedia by combining more than one material with technology. Students, instructors, and educators need to have a solid understanding of how to use multimedia technologies that provide considerable educational advantages. This article presents an overview of numerous various kinds of multimedia tools that are used in learning and teaching. These technologies are beneficial in increasing educational quality as well as student performance in academics. Because the current generation in the coming decades is already acquainted with gadgets and other technical equipment, the educational system needs to make the most of this potential by adding multimedia tools into classroom settings.
An assessment of core mathematics performance of selected single-sex schools in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Banson Gideon Mensah , Osei Ernest , Koduah Frank , Bediako Francis Ekow
Published: June 2023

This cross-sectional study was designed to compare gender difference in mathematics achievement in four selected single-sex senior high schools in Ghana. Results of 18,781 students from the selected schools were analyzed based on the final examinations, West African senior school certificate examination (WASSCE) data for 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018-year groups. In 2010, there was no examination; thus, the data analyzed excluded that of 2010. The results are graded from grade A1 to F9 so to ensure clarity in the results, grades were coded from 1 to 9. The grades were coded to correspond with the codes, ranging from the highest grade (A1) to the lowest (F9). The findings indicated that girls performed better than boys and the independent sampling t-test also showed there was a significant difference in the performance of girls and boys. This indicates that there is no equality in core mathematics performance of boys and girls. Teachers of mathematics are encouraged to identify underlying factors that account for the disparity in performance and also to ensure that students of both gender exhibit excellent performance in mathematics.
Does reported knowledge or experience influence perceptions of AIS risks in the Laurentian Great Lakes?
Authors: Stratton Noelle Gadfly , Klenk Nicole , Mandrak Nicholas E.
Published: June 2023

Invasive species management requires the cooperation of a diverse array of stakeholders who may view invasive species differently, which may lead to differences in management expectations. Because management actions can change based on a species’ progression along the invasion curve, we surveyed Laurentian Great Lakes stakeholders to determine their understanding of the term 'invasive species', the invasion curve, and their management expectations for selected case-study species (grass carp, sea lamprey, tench). We also examined whether responses differed among stakeholder groups (academics, decision makers, the public). Our results revealed differences in the descriptions included in a definition of 'invasive species' among participants, but not among stakeholder groups. Species identity was a predictor of a species being defined as invasive, but not for those defined as not invasive. Our results indicate that preferred management actions do not align with perceived invasion stage. Differences among stakeholder groups may be due to differences in understanding the invasion process, or the existence of different values or barriers to participation in management actions. This research has clarified what is meant by the term ‘invasive species’ for Great Lakes stakeholders and demonstrated a need to collaboratively define invasive species, the invasion curve, and management to improve communication and cooperation among all stakeholders.
KEBIJAKAN FISKAL PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: daud Nur amalia
Published: June 2023

Kebijakan fiskal atau yang disebut juga dengan kebijakan anggaran adalah kebijakan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui instrumen kebijakan fiskal seperti pengaturan pengeluaran negara maupun pendapatan negara yang ditujukan untuk mempengaruhi tingkat permintaan agregat di dalam perekonomian. Kebijakan fiskal dibedakan menjadi dua yakni kebijakan fiskal aktif dan kebijakan fiskal pasif.
PANDANGAN PAK TERHADAP LBGT
Authors: Hawu Imanuel Lay
Published: June 2023

LGBT adalah dosa di mata Allah. Melalui penggalian Firman Tuhan yang dilakukan, terdapat beberapa ayat yang secara jelas membuktikan bahwa Allah tidak menghendaki LGBT.Baik dalam Perjanjian Lama maupun Perjanjian Baru, Alkitab tetap teguh mengecam tindakan LGBT.
A Strategy for Exploring the Origins of Life: A Proposal for a Framework Based on the Essential Structure of Ecological Systems
Authors: Co Katoshi
Published: June 2023

The quest to understand the origins of life presents inherent challenges, including the scarcity of concrete clues, the need to supplement explanations of complex processes with imagination, and the fundamental lack of means to validate hypotheses pertaining to life's genesis. This study proposes a conceptual framework centered on the fundamental structure (architecture) of ecological systems as a strategy to address these challenges, following a systematic analysis of the origins of life. The architecture of ecological systems is an abstract model that distills common elements and mechanisms from various autonomous real-world systems, such as biological ecosystems, human society, and economic systems.The proposed conceptual framework seeks to elucidate the positioning of various empirical studies in the process from organic matter to cellular synthesis and to facilitate thought experiments in areas where hypothesis formulation and theorization pose challenges. Moreover, it aspires to integrate insights from diverse fields such as biology, sociology, economics, and philosophy, and to advance theoretical understanding of the unresolved mechanisms and phenomena related to the origins of life. Specifically, by employing the concept of supply chain from economics, it provides a fresh perspective on the mechanism responsible for generating complex organic matter from simpler forms. Additionally, by drawing on the concept of tacit knowledge from philosophy, it illuminates the role of high-viscosity areas in bodies of water where organic matter accumulates.Through the implementation of the proposed conceptual framework, the formulated strategy can incorporate insights from various fields, thereby facilitating a multifaceted investigation into the origins of life. This integrated approach is designed to overcome inherent obstacles and accelerate exploration.
An Exact Transient Solution Characterizing Stochastic Dynamics of Neuronal Synaptic Transmission
Authors: Singh Abhyudai
Published: June 2023

This note investigates the stochastic dynamics of quantal content, i.e., the number of vesicles released from a chemical synapse in response to high-frequency stimulation. The model considers arbitrary time-varying rates with which neurotransmitter-filled vesicles dock/undock to a fixed number of docking sites in the axon terminal's active zone. Furthermore, each vesicle is released with a (time-varying) probability of release upon arrival of an Action Potential (AP). We provide an exact derivation for the transient distribution of the number of vesicles released per stimulus and discuss how statistical fluctuations in vesicular counts can be leveraged to infer synaptic parameters.
KEBIJAKAN MONETER PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: daud Nur amalia
Published: June 2023

Kebijakan moneter merupakan kebijakan otoritas moneter atau bank sentral dalam bentuk pengendalian besaran moneter untuk mencapai perkembangan kegiatan perekonomian yang diinginkan.
STRATEGI EFEKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PROFESIONALISME GURU MENUJU PENDIDIKAN YANG LEBIH BAIK
Authors: fiska Juhana shania
Published: June 2023

Dalam dunia pendidikan, guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran dan menciptakan generasi yang berkualitas. Dalam penelitian ini telah dijelaskan beberapa strategi yang dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk meningkatkan keprofesionalismenya. Dengan menerapkan strategi-strategi tersebut, diharapkan guru dapat menjadi lebih profesional dalam melaksanakan tugas pembelajaran dan menciptakan suasana kelas yang kondusif bagi peserta didik. Tidak hanya itu, Guru diharapkan tidak hanya sebatas menjalankan profesinya, tetapi guru harus memiliki interest yang kuat untuk melaksanakan tugas sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah profesionalisme guru yang dipersyaratkan. Dengan demikian, generasi yang berkualitas dapat tercipta dan memberikan kontribusi yang positif bagi masa depan bangsa. Dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme, Guru harus didorong untuk berpartisipasi dalam program pengembangan profesional dan tetap up-to-date dengan penelitian dan tren terbaru di bidangnya.
From intentions to action: An integrative review of action control theory and research
Authors: Koole Sander L. , Jostmann Nils , Baumann Nicola
Published: June 2023

People differ in how readily they enact their intentions. Some people manage to enact very difficult intentions -like writing a book or starting a business- under demanding circumstances -like extreme stress or oppressive bureaucracy. Other people struggle to enact even mundane intentions -like replying to an email or taking out the trash. These individual differences in intention enactment have been the central focus of action-theoretical research. Section 1 of this chapter traces the historical development of the action-theoretical perspective, from prescientific notions to Action Control Theory (ACT; Kuhl, 1984). Section 2 presents an update of ACT in the form of ACTψ (‘act-psi’). According to ACTψ, efficient action control requires the person to use affect regulation to coordinate the interplay of intention memory and intuitive behavior control. Chronic individual differences in affect regulation presumably underlie the personality disposition of action versus state orientation. Section 3 considers the measurement of action versus state orientation. Section 4 reviews research showing that, as compared with state-oriented people, action-oriented people: 1) Enact demanding and self-directed intentions more efficiently in real life and controlled settings; 2) Form, maintain, and update their intentions more readily; 3) Regulate own affective states more rapidly, are better shielded against stress and mental illness, and display more personal growth. Finally, section 5 considers how the action-theoretical perspective complements social-psychological approaches to intention-behavior relations.
KESEIMBANGAN PASAR UANG DAN PASAR BARANG DALAM EKONOMI MAKRO ISLAM
Authors: Sumirah R.R. Dhewi Putri Ayu
Published: June 2023

Dalam ekonomi makro Islam, pasar uang dan pasar barang harus saling seimbang agar tercipta stabilitas ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Pasar uang berperan sebagai alat untuk memfasilitasi transaksi ekonomi, sedangkan pasar barang merupakan tempat bertemunya penawaran dan permintaan barang dan jasa. Namun, dalam Islam, pasar uang tidak boleh dijadikan sebagai objek spekulasi atau riba, sehingga harus diatur dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah yang melarang praktik riba dan gharar (ketidakpastian). Dalam hal pasar barang, Islam mendorong adanya persaingan yang sehat dan adil untuk menciptakan keseimbangan antara penawaran dan permintaan. Prinsip-prinsip syariah juga mengatur tentang kualitas dan harga barang yang harus sesuai dengan nilai-nilai etika Islam. Dengan menjaga keseimbangan antara pasar uang dan pasar barang, ekonomi makro Islam dapat menciptakan lingkungan bisnis yang adil dan berkelanjutan, serta memberikan manfaat bagi seluruh masyarakat.
PERAN GURU SEBAGAI EVALUATOR
Authors: Harja Hafzah
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan terkait peran guru sebagai EVALUATOR, guru. Dengan melaksanakan evaluasi seorang guru dapat mengetahui hasil belajar peserta didik, capaian hasil belajar peserta didik, seorang guru dapat mengetahui apakah materi ajar yang diberikan sesuai. Melalui evaluasi akan menjadi umpan balik (feedback) terhadap proses belajar-mengajar dan kemudian guru dapat mengambil tindakan konstruktif
Personal Guru dalam Memahami Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Lestari Finie
Published: June 2023

Dalam melakukan pembelajaran banyak hal yang harus dilakukan oleh seorang guru, salah satunya adalah memahami karakteristik setiap peserta didik. Karakter anak masing-masing berbeda-beda, guru perlu memahami karakter anak didik sehingga ia dapat dengan mudah untuk mengelola segala sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan pembelajaran termasuk juga pemilihan strategi pengelolaan, yang berkaitan dengan bagaimana menata pengajaran, kemampuan yang dimiliki mereka sehingga komponen pengajaran dapat sesuai dengan karakteristik dari siswa yang akhirnya pembelajaran tersebut dapat lebih bermakna.
Atmospheric CH4 Dynamics of South-West Bangladesh: A Google Earth Engine-Based Remote Sensing Approach
Authors: Chowdhury Tahmid , Ety Nusrat , Murshed Warefta , Chaudhury Abed
Published: June 2023

A severe contributor to global warming, Methane (CH4) is a significant element of Green House Gases (GHGs). Both anthropogenic and natural sources are responsible for its emission. The development of satellites for remote sensing has made it convenient to study the spatiotemporal distribution of any gaseous component. Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) integrated with Sentinel-5 Precursor (Sentinel-5P) satellite is proven efficient in studying CH4. Sentinel-5P TROPOMI CH4 data from February 2019 to September 2022 has been used to research southwest districts with the Sundarbans mangrove forest. Besides, satellite data from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), ERA5 and Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) are used to analyse methane changes from 2019 to 2022. All these diverse datasets have been retrieved by using Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. CH4 emission shows an increasing trend over the study area. The emission rate is higher (more than 1900 to 1950 ppb) in all districts during the dry winter season, especially from January to March. Particularly, cropland and water have regular and higher emissions. On the contrary, bare ground and rangeland have irregular and higher emissions. Built area exerts higher emission trend (more than 1900 ppb) in Satkhira district. All districts, including the Sundarbans, have shown positive relation with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), indicating single cropland and shrimp aquaculture as significant emitters. The presence of massive vegetation and waterbodies in the Sundarbans is responsible for low emissions (below 1900 ppb). Sundarbans have been found with an anomalous correlation with meteorological variables. Apart from the anthropogenic perspective, there could also be potential environmental and geological sources of CH4 emissions.
Better Localized Predictions with Out-of-Scope Information and Explainable AI: One-Shot SAR Backscatter Nowcast Framework with Data from Neighboring Region
Authors: Li Zhouyayan , Demir Ibrahim
Published: June 2023

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provides 10-m weather-independent global Earth surface observations for various tasks such as land cover land use mapping, water body delineation, and vegetation change monitoring. However, the application of SAR imagery has been limited to retrospective tasks by a “first event then observation” rule. Recent studies have proven the feasibility of a one-shot forecast of backscatters of SAR imagery using meteorological driving forces, soil moisture, geomorphic factors, and previous SAR images collected for the target area. Although the approach is promising, spatial connectivity, more specifically, the influence of the status of surrounding areas on the target location has yet to be considered. To fill that gap, this study proposed two nowcasting frameworks that can integrate precipitation and soil moisture data collected from surrounding areas through spatial aggregation (SA) and by processing spatial series (SS), respectively. The catastrophic 2019 Central US Flooding was used as a case study with the goal of predicting backscatters of SAR imagery captured during the event. The results from SA, SS, and a framework that only considers localized input (S0) are compared against each other as well as with the benchmark performance created with persistence assumption. Results show that S0, SA, and SS outperform the benchmark. In addition, considering data from neighboring areas that contribute to the target location further improves prediction accuracy. Comparing the gradients of results considering/not considering additional data indicates that neighboring data can alter the model’s attention on each feature of the localized input matrix. The difference in gradients between SA and SS indicates the way the neighboring information is integrated also matters. The methodology proposed by this study can serve as a building block for more active usage of SAR imagery in forward-looking tasks such as early flood warning and response.
Projected Changes in Hot, Dry and Compound Hot-Dry Extremes over Global Land Regions
Authors: de luca paolo , Donat Markus
Published: June 2023

The impacts of hot, dry and compound hot-dry extremes are significant for societies, economies and ecosystems worldwide. Such events therefore need to be assessed in the light of anthropogenic climate change so that suitable adaptation measures can be implemented by governments and stakeholders. Here we show a comprehensive analysis of hot, dry and compound hot-dry extremes over global land regions using 25 CMIP6 models and four future emissions scenarios from 1950 to 2100. Hot, dry and compound hot-dry extremes are projected to increase over large parts of the globe by the end of the 21st century. Hot and compound hot-dry extremes show the most widespread increases and dry extreme changes are sensitive to the index used. Many regional changes depend on the strength of greenhouse-gas forcing, which highlights the potential to limit the changes with strong mitigation efforts.
Sample characteristics for quantitative analyses in Body Image: Issues of generalisability
Authors: Pollet Thomas Victor , Bovet Jeanne , Buhaenko Rosie , Cornelissen Piers , Tovee Martin
Published: June 2023

Psychological research frequently encounters criticism regarding the representativeness of the samples under study, highlighting concerns about the external validity of the obtained results. Here, we conducted a comprehensive survey of all the quantitative samples from the journal Body Image for 2021 (n = 149 samples). Our primary objective was to examine the extent to which the sampled populations deviated from the population at large, which could potentially compromise the generalizability of findings. We identified that a substantial number of these samples came from student populations (n = 44) and the majority were from the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Only a small number of samples (n = 9) employed direct measurements of body mass index (BMI), while the majority relied on self-reported data (n = 93). For a subset of samples in the journal, which were drawn from the general population, we compared whether these differed from population reference values in terms of age and BMI. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that samples tended to be younger and score lower on BMI than reference values obtained from the broader population. Samples drawn from female university students also tended to be lower on BMI than age-matched reference samples. We discuss the implications of our findings and make recommendations on sampling and inference. We conclude that a clearer specification of the parameters or conditions under which findings are expected to generalise has the potential to enhance the overall rigor and validity of this field of research.
Medical AI for Radiology: The Lost Cognitive Perspective
Authors: Tikhomirov Lana , Semmler Carolyn , Searston Rachel A
Published: June 2023

The development and commercialisation of medical artificial intelligence (AI) decision-systems far outpaces our understanding of their value for clinicians. Although applicable across many forms of medicine, we focus on characterising the diagnostic decisions of radiologists, review the differences between clinician decision-making and medical AI model decision-making, and reveal how these differences pose fundamental challenges for integrating AI into radiology. We argue that clinicians are contextually motivated, mentally resourceful decision-makers, whereas AI models are contextually stripped, correlational decision-makers, and discuss misconceptions about clinician-AI interaction stemming from this misalignment of capabilities. We outline a series of recommendations for future research to enhance the safety and usability of AI models in high-risk medical decision-making contexts.
In the mood for music: Listening to music, other smartphone uses improve adolescent mood
Authors: Minich Matt , Zhao QianQian , Eickhoff Jens C , Moreno Megan A
Published: June 2023

Rates of adolescent mood disorders and adolescent smartphone use have risen in parallel, leading some to suggest that smartphone use might have detrimental effects on adolescents’ moods. Alternatively, it is possible that adolescents turn to smartphone use when experiencing negative mood. Past experimental work suggests that certain smartphone activities can reduce adolescents’ negative moods or induce more positive moods, but little is known about the effects of real-world smartphone use, which can involve many different activities. A sample of N = 253 adolescents participated in an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) procedure, which assessed which smartphone activities they were engaged in at random moments throughout the day. This procedure also prompted adolescents to rate their moods before and during smartphone use. Adolescents reported mood improvements during almost all smartphone activities and did not report that moods became more negative during any smartphone activity. Mood improvements were the largest when adolescents said they were listening to music, podcasts, or audiobooks. This may suggest some adolescent smartphone use is driven by a desire to alleviate negative mood.
A Causal Inference Perspective on Therapist Effects
Authors: Magnusson Kristoffer
Published: June 2023

Objective: Although therapist effects have been discussed for as long as psychotherapy research has existed, they seem poorly understood from a causal inference perspective, and interpretations are primarily based on variance-explained measures that confound non-causal and causal factors. Methods: The first part of this paper discusses treatment and therapist effects from a causal inference perspective, the conditions required for identifying them, and how therapist effects can be described as causal effects using the multiple versions of treatment theory. Next, a small simulation study is presented to empirically describe how confounding variables can bias the causal therapist effect when the allocation of patients to therapists is non-random. Results: Causal therapist effects can be estimated in a randomized controlled trial by randomly assigning participants to therapists or by adjusting for potential therapist-outcome confounders. The identification of causal therapist effects in naturalistic settings is much more complicated. Variance-explained measures have no direct causal interpretation, and a more intuitive interpretation of causal therapist effects is presented based on overlapping effect distributions. Discussion: The comparability between variance-explained measures and causal effects is illusory and their use is misguided. This paper provides psychotherapy researchers with important tools for interpreting causal therapist effects.