bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN LA CALIDAD DEL SOFTWARE: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE LA LITERATURA
Authors: Pin García Lenin Jonatan , Toala Zambrano María Magdalena , Álava Cruzatty José Efraín
Published: August 2020

La Inteligencia Artificial es una rama de la computación que se va asentando de manera paulatina en la vida cotidiana; sin embargo, aún no se está aplicando con mucha intensidad en el ámbito del desarrollo de software. El objetivo del presente trabajo es conocer cuál es la aplicación e impacto que ha tenido la inteligencia artificial como herramienta para asegurar la calidad del software, sigue como metodología de investigación la búsqueda de evidencia escrita en artículos científicos mediante la planificación y ejecución de una revisión sistemática sobre el tema. Este trabajo describe aspectos generales de la inteligencia artificial, de los estándares de calidad que pueden ser aplicados a la industria del software y presenta resultados de la revisión sistemática, los cuales se basan en las respuestas a las preguntas planteadas que dieron los 26 artículos aceptados según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión del protocolo de revisión. Estas interrogantes guardan relación a los beneficios, metodologías, métricas y aplicaciones de la inteligencia artificial en el aseguramiento de la calidad del software, sus respuestas permiten concluir que aún son muy pocos los estudios en la calidad del software, que las métricas más controladas tienen que ver con el rendimiento, la configuración, y la eficiencia del software; además se pudo evidenciar que en proyectos que usaron metodologías de desarrollo de software en cascada, de desarrollo rápido, del simbolismo, de prototipos y en espiral es posible la aplicación de inteligencia artificial para el aseguramiento de la calidad del software.
ANÁLISIS DE LAS VARIABLES PARA MEDIR LA EFECTIVIDAD DE TUTORIAS EN LA INSTITUCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR (IES) POLITÉCNICO INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Vargas Garay Angelica Rocio , García Barco Liliana , Uchuvo González Yesid Alexander
Published: August 2020

Este proyecto se llevó a cabo en el marco del proceso de mejora continua de los diferentes programas de apoyo académico que ofrece la IES Politécnico Internacional. Uno de estos programas es el de tutorías en el cual los estudiantes reciben apoyo académico en las asignaturas que presentan mayores índices de mortalidad. El objetivo fundamental de este espacio radica en fortalecer las competencias académicas de los estudiantes para mejorar su rendimiento. Ello también contribuye a disminuir los índices de deserción. Sin embargo, la institución desconoce el nivel de importancia y la relación de cada una de las variables que influyen en la efectividad del programa. Por esta razón, el objetivo de la investigación consistió en analizar dichas variables para contribuir en la construcción a futuro de un indicador que permita dar cuenta de la efectividad. La Metodología del estudio correspondió a un análisis de tipo cuantitativo explicativo, con datos recolectados en una ventana de tiempo de un año. Para el estudio se tuvo en cuenta una población de 3.113 asistencias a tutorías y 1.129 estudiantes matriculados en el periodo 2018-1, 630 en el periodo 2018-2, 583 en el periodo 2018-3 y 443 en el periodo 2018-4. Se utilizó un muestreo a conveniencia del primer periodo. Esta información se organizó y codificó para su tratamiento estadístico en tres bases, que a su vez se convirtieron en categorías de análisis. Se observó que la influencia de la mayoría de los factores, alrededor de una tutoría, no se correlaciona de manera directa con la efectividad de esta. Es importante entender la complejidad del proceso tutorial ya inmerso en la dinámica académica de la Institución para determinar un indicador que permita medir la efectividad de las tutorías.
Tinjauan Eksekusi Putusan Sela Dalam Bentuk Schorsing Pada Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Pattipawae Dezonda Rosiana
Published: August 2020

The postponement of a State Administrative Decision which becomes the object of the dispute may be granted, since there is still a continuous factual action to be taken, namely the appointment of a definitive Regional Secretary, the inauguration or handover of the position of the dismissed Regional Secretary to the appointed Secretary of the Region whose contents as statements (declarations) of submission of all duties, powers and duties.Â Decree of the Governor of Maluku Number: 125.a Year 2014 dated May 20, 2014 concerning the Transfer of Civil Servants, on behalf of Kapressy Charles, SH. MSi, NIP: 19560911 198603 1 009 from Southwest Maluku District in Tiakur to the Government of Povinsi Maluku in Ambon, so Kapressy Charles, SH. Msi, felt his interest was damaged by the decision issued by the Governor of Maluku as the State Administration Officer. Therefore the concerned filed a lawsuit to the State Administrative Court of Ambon with Case No. 23/G/2014/PTUN.ABN, concerned requested to carry out the postponement of the transfer from the Government of the Southwest Maluku District to the Government of Maluku Province in due to the contradiction of the principles general good governance or prevailing laws and regulations.
Penetapan Waktu Pelaksanaan Banding Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Pada Daerah Karakteristik Wilayah Kepulauan
Authors: Pattipawae Dezonda Rosiana
Published: August 2020

The party that makes a legal appeal against the case that has been decided by the State Administrative Court is limited by the time to file an appeal to the High Administrative Court. This as stipulated in the provisions of Article 123 of Act Number 5 of 1986 which stipulates the time for legal appeal against the decision of the State Administrative Court is 14 days after the court decision is notified to him legally Determination of 14 (fourteen) times to submit an appeal for parties who are dissatisfied or accept the decision of the State Administrative Court as stipulated in the Provisions of Article 123 of Act Number 5 of 1986 which at the time the decision of the State Administrative Court was read out was not present at the hearing stipulated in the provisions of Article 108 paragraph (2) of Law Number 5 of 1986 and residing in an archipelago such as Maluku Province which has a large area and consists of islands, greatly affects the fulfillment of the timeliness determined to file an appeal . It has an impact on the effectiveness of setting 14 (fourteen) days as the deadline for filing an appeal law. Accordingly, based on these conditions, the stipulation of 14 (fourteen) days to file an appeal law is not effectively applied to regions that are characterized by islands. Only effective in areas with continental characteristics.
Influência da governança corporativa na escolha do tipo de gerenciamento de resultados
Authors: Morás Vania Regina , Klann Roberto Carlos
Published: August 2020

O estudo objetiva analisar a influência da governança corporativa (GC) na escolha do tipo de gerenciamento de resultados (GR). A amostra compreendeu 179 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, ativas no ano de 2014 e que possuíam dados suficientes, desconsiderando-se as pertencentes ao setor financeiro e de seguros, por apresentarem características diferentes das demais empresas que compõem a amostra. O período investigado foi de 2014 a 2018, com dados coletados na base Thompson One Banker®, analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, regressão linear múltipla e regressão logit. Os resultados apontam que a GC está relacionada negativamente ao GR por atividades reais, não sendo encontrada relação significativa desta com o GR por accruals. O teste de robustez mostrou uma relação positiva da GC com ambientes de baixo GR por atividades reais e elevado GR por accruals. Este estudo contribui com a literatura e órgãos reguladores ao indicar que determinados mecanismos de GC podem mitigar o GR por atividades reais, porém, não possuem o mesmo poder em relação ao GR por escolhas contábeis.
Transparência do custo da atividade parlamentar
Authors: Raupp Fabiano Maury
Published: August 2020

O artigo analisa os relatórios disponibilizados pelas Assembleias Legislativas da Região Sul do Brasil em seus portais para verificar se constituem instrumentos de efetiva transparência dos custos incorridos. A pesquisa é descritiva, desenvolvida por meio de um estudo documental, com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados a partir de consultas dirigidas aos portais das Assembleias, e tratados pela técnica da análise de conteúdo. Foram identificadas diferentes iniciativas, algumas disponibilizadas em formato aberto, sendo as informações sobre custos com diárias comum nas três Assembleias. Os portais foram diagnosticados com alta capacidade em razão das iniciativas observadas, divergindo de estudos anteriores, e demonstrando que estão mais desenvolvidos em direção à construção de transparência. Alguns dos bons exemplos identificados, como é o caso do crescente uso do formato aberto, podem ser utilizados por outras Assembleias na busca do aperfeiçoamento dos processos de transparência. Por outro lado, há também características a serem melhoradas, como ocorre com as informações intempestivas.
Justiça e desonestidade acadêmica: um estudo com estudantes do curso de ciências contábeis
Authors: Santos Débora , Avelino Bruna Camargos , Cunha Jacqueline Veneroso Alves da , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: August 2020

O propósito deste estudo foi analisar a relação entre a percepção de justiça no ambiente acadêmico e a desonestidade acadêmica de estudantes de graduação em Ciências Contábeis. A classroom justice, ou justiça acadêmica, refere-se à avaliação justa dos resultados e processos no ambiente acadêmico. É comumente segregada em três dimensões:  distributiva, processual e interacional. A amostra da pesquisa foi composta por 451 graduandos de Ciências Contábeis e os achados mostram que as três dimensões de justiça acadêmica possuem significância estatística, exercendo influência sobre a desonestidade acadêmica. Quando os discentes percebem injustiça distributiva, processual e interacional, tendem, em média, a praticar atitudes desonestas. Os resultados sugerem que a desonestidade acadêmica pode ser uma maneira de os discentes compensarem a injustiça percebida no ambiente educacional. Dessa forma, na presença de injustiça, a desonestidade tende a ser manifestada, podendo ser uma forma de o aluno atenuar a injustiça distributiva, processual e interacional.
Suitability Analysis of Implementing a Fuel Cell on a Multirotor Drone
Authors: Apeland Jørgen , Pavlou Dimitrios , Hemmingsen Tor
Published: August 2020

Increased flight time of multirotor drones is a key enabler for further adoption and industrial use of drones. A model for analyzing the performance of a fuel cell hybrid system for a multirotor drone is presented and applied for a case with an X8 multirotor drone with a maximum take-off mass of 25 kg. Endurance is the main performance parameter, and the model can be used to quantify the relative performance between different power sources. The model aims to determine if a specific hybrid fuel cell system is a viable option for a given multirotor drone and if it will provide better endurance than when powered by batteries. The model can also be used in system optimization and sensitivity analysis. In a case study, a fuel cell hybrid system with a 7.2 L cylinder with hydrogen at 300 bar is found to increase the flight time by 43 minutes (+76%) from the currently used LiPo-batteries. A plot identifies the energy system mass threshold for when the fuel cell hybrid system gives better endurance than batteries to be 7.3 kg. Based on current technology status, the cost of a fuel cell hybrid system is about 12 times that of LiPo-batteries.
From Turks and Renegades to Citizens and Radicals : The Historical Trajectories of ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Muslims in the Netherlands
Authors: de Koning Martijn
Published: August 2020

Abstract In contemporary debates on religion and multiculturalism in the Netherlands, Islam is hypervisible as a ‘problem' originating from outside Europe ‐ the discussion of which draws a clear distinction between the ‘good’ and ‘bad’
Muslims. Yet, at the same time, almost no reference is made to the Dutch history of Islam and Muslims prior to World War II. Based on a study of the literature on the history of Islam and the Netherlands during the 16th and 17th centuries and covering the colonial rule of Indonesia and the
rise of Indonesian communities in the Netherlands during the interwar period, I trace how the distinction between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ Muslims resonates throughout Dutch history. I show how the trope of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ Muslims can be found in different,
and sometimes contradictory ways and was determined by the local and global interests of the ruling elites and their desire to maintain peace and order to prevent politically dissenting Islamic ideas and transnational movements from influencing local Muslims.
PM2.5 surface concentrations in southern West African urban areas based on sun photometer and satellite observations
Authors: Léon Jean-François , Akpo Aristide Barthélémy , Bedou Mouhamadou , Djossou Julien , Bodjrenou Marleine , Yoboué Véronique , Liousse Cathy
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Southern West Africa (sWA) is influenced by large amounts of aerosol particles of both anthropogenic and natural origins. Anthropogenic aerosol emissions are expected to increase in the future due to the economical growth of African megacities. In this paper, we investigate the aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the coastal area of the Gulf of Guinea using sun photometer and MODIS satellite observations. We use a lightweight handheld sun photometer measuring the solar irradiance at 465, 540 and 619 nm operated manually every day from December 2014 to April 2017 at 5 different locations in Côte d'Ivoire and Bénin. Handheld sun photometer observations are complemented by available AERONET sun photometer observations and MODIS level 3 time series between 2003 and 2018. MODIS daily level 3 AOD agrees well with sun photometer observations in Abdidjan and Cotonou (correlation coefficient R = 0.89 and RMSE = 0.19). A classification based on the Angstrom Exponent is used to separate the influence of coarse mineral dust and urban-like aerosols. The AOD seasonal pattern is similar for all the sites and is clearly influenced by the mineral dust advection from December to May. AODs are analyzed in coincidence with surface PM2.5 concentrations to infer trends in the particulate pollution levels over conurbation of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) and Cotonou (Bénin). PM2.5 to AOD conversion factors are evaluated as a function of the season and the aerosol type identified in the AE classification. Highest PM2.5 concentrations (up to 300 μg/m3) are associated to the advection of mineral dust in the heart of the dry season (December–February). From December to March the median concentration above Abidjan and Cotonou is around 40 μg/m3, while it is around 20 μg/m3 during the rest of the year. Considering only the days during which the AOD belongs to the urban-like aerosol category, we observe a significant trend S = 0.32 μg/m3/year in the PM2.5 concentrations over the period 2003–2017. This trend leads to an increase of 5 ± 3 μg/m3 over 15 years and is coherent with the expected increase in combustion aerosol emissions in sWA.
Two-Dimensional Liquid Water Flow through Snow at the Plot Scale
in Continental Snowpacks: Simulations and Field Data Comparisons
Authors: Webb Ryan W. , Jennings Keith S. , Finsterle Stefan , Fassnacht Steven R.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Modelling the multi-dimensional flow of liquid water through snow has been limited in spatial and temporal scales to date. Here we present simulations using the iTOUGH2 model informed by the model SNOWPACK, referred to as SnowTOUGH. We use SnowTOUGH to simulate snow metamorphism, melt/freeze processes, and liquid water movement in two-dimensional snowpacks at the plot scale (20 m) on a sloping ground surface during multi-day observation periods at three field sites in northern Colorado, USA. Model results compare well with subalpine and alpine sites, but not a treeline site. Results show the importance of longitudinal (i.e. parallel to ground surface in the downslope direction) intra-snowpack flow paths, particularly during times when the snow surface (i.e. snow-atmosphere interface) is not actively melting. Simulations show that longitudinal flow can occur at rates orders of magnitude greater than vertically downward percolating water flow (a ratio of > 250 : 1) as a result of hydraulic barriers.
Influence of Particle and Grain Size on Sand Filtration: Effect on Head Loss and Turbidity
Authors: Khelladi Racha Medjda Bouchenak , Fellah Abdelghani Chiboub , Pontié Maxime , Guellil Fatima Zohra
Published: August 2020

Sand filtration is an eco-friendly method to treat either drinking water or wastewater ; it requires only natural granular media. It is also easy to use and to maintain ; the only problem they face is clogging that affects filter performance, that can be detected when head loss or turbidity increase. The purpose of this work is to see what are the factors that influence the performance of filter operation, for this, we used a pilot consisting on a circular column filled with sand (from South Algeria), where various parameters were tested; pressure, flow rate, sand granulometry, suspended matters and particle concentration of the water which is filtered. After eighteen weeks of operation, we have found that head loss increases by decreasing granulometry and increasing flow rate, pressure, particle size, and concentration. However, turbidity increases by decreasing particle size and increasing granulometry and particle concentration. Turbidity and head loss have different behaviour towards the same parameter; that is why it is necessary to take them into account in order to find a compromise between acceptable head loss / turbidity for a good functioning of the filter.
EFL Students Perspective towards Online Learning Barriers and Alternatives Using Moodle/Google Classroom during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Octaberlina Like Raskova , Muslimin Afif Ikhwanul
Published: August 2020

Covid-19 pandemic has made many countries adapt on new situations in different sectors including education. The Indonesia government has decided to adjust the education mode from face-to-face to online meeting using various learning management systems (LMS) such as moodle and google classroom. Moreover, the present research depicted the online learning barriers faced by students as well as their alternatives to cope them. The research implemented descriptive mixed-method survey design. The participants were 25 students of English Education Department. The instruments used to gather the data were the questionnaires and interview regarding the topics. The results showed that students experienced three barriers during the online learning including infamiliriaty of e-learning, slow internet connection, and physical condition e.g. eye strain. The alternatives they proposed were providing training to implement the LMS before the real class, converting high-definition or big-size files into smaller one, and giving break during the online class. The conclusion stated that students had to be creatives to find any solutions and innovations regarding learning barriers including maintaining good communication with teacher and understanding best learning styles individually
Canine Model for Selective and Superselective Cerebral Intra-Arterial Therapy Testing
Authors: Camstra Kevin M. , Srinivasan Visish M. , Collins Dalis , Chen Stephen , Kan Peter , Johnson Jeremiah
Published: August 2020

Purpose: With advancing endovascular technology and increasing interest in minimally invasive intra-arterial therapies such as stem cell and chemotherapy for cerebral disease, the establishment of a translational model with cerebral circulation accessible to microcatheters is needed. We report our experience catheterizing canine cerebral circulation with microcatheters, present high-resolution angiographic images of the canine vascular anatomy, describe arterial branch flow patterns and provide measurements of canine arterial conduits.Materials and Methods: Angiograms were performed on 10 intact purpose-bred hounds. Angiography, measurements of arterial conduits and catheterization information for intracranial arterial branches were obtained.Results: Selective and superselective cerebral angiography was successful in all subjects. Relevant arterial mean diameters include the femoral (4.64 mm), aorta (9.38 mm), external carotid (3.65 mm), internal carotid arteries (1.6 mm), vertebrobasilar system and Circle of Willis branches. Catheterization of the Circle of Willis was achieved via the posterior circulation in all subjects tested (n=3) and the use of flow directed microcatheters resulted in reduced arterial tree deformation and improved superselection of intracranial vessels. Catheterization of the intracranial circulation was attempted but not achieved via the internal carotid artery (n=7) due to its tortuosity and subsequent catheter related vasospasm.Conclusion: The canine cerebral vasculature is posterior circulation dominant. Anterior circulation angiography is achievable via the internal carotid artery, but direct cerebral arterial access is best achieved via the posterior circulation using flow-directed microcatheters. It is feasible to deliver intra-arterial therapies to selective vascular territories within the canine cerebral circulation, thus making it a viable animal model for testing novel intra-arterial cerebral treatments.
Zakaz nabywania terytorium państwa przez zawojowanie (debellatio) – perspektywa historyczna" - Prohibition of the acquisition of a state territory through deballatio – a historical perspective
Authors: Masło Krzysztof
Published: August 2020

A war is inevitably linked to changes in state borders, and the fighting armies were often occupying a territory of a hostile state by extending their power onto them. In the past, the areas occupied by a hostile state were often integrated to the victorious state (by the so-called deballatio) or subjected to various forms of dependence (e.g. a fief). Starting from the 19th century, a concept has been developed, according to which territorial changes between two belligerent countries are impermissible until the termination of military activities and the conclusion of a peace treaty . As a result of the Hague Conference of 1899 and 1907, an institution of an occupied territory was introduced into the language of international law, i.e. a state territory occupied by an enemy.
An annexation, being the result of war, has a different character from the institution of an occupied territory, and a military occupation has not replaced a deballatio. They both coexisted, although they stem from a similar factual situation – a state of war and a consequent intrusion of an enemy on another state's territory. They also bring a similar effect, which is to establish the political system of the occupying state in this territory. As long as war was a legal mean of settling international disputes, the resulting transfer of a territory could not be illegal. During the ‘20s and ‘30s of the 20th century, the states were applying the practice of integrating the conquered territories rather than establishing a military occupation regime, and this met with the appreciation of the then countries. However, the author of this article puts forth a thesis that at the turn of the ‘30s and ‘40s of the 20th century, there was a prohibition of deballatio effected in violation of the then international law, and therefore with the Kellogg – Briand Pact. Territorial annexations, carried out by the Third Reich and the USSR against the territory of the Republic of Poland and other European countries after 1939, were therefore illegal.
The purpose of this article is neither to comprehensively discuss the institution of military occupation, nor the prohibition of acquisition of a state territory through the use or a threat to use armed forces, or in particular – to discuss the current nature of the prohibition of deballatio. The intention of the author is to show how the prohibition of deballatio has finally emerged in the international law. When addressing this issue, it is impossible not to discuss the institution of deballatio and the international practice of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and the institution of military occupation, whose introduction to the international law related to the analysed issue. Only when the military occupation is presented, we will discuss the attempts aiming at prohibiting deballatio which have been made since the 19th century.
Paradigmatic innovation in European cultural journalism: the pursuit of sustainability
Authors: Santos-Silva Dora
Published: August 2020

This article examines paradigmatic innovation (innovations in business models, mindsets and organizational values) in European cultural journalism. I hypothesize that paradigmatic innovation acts as a driver for innovations in product, process and positioning, and address two research questions: 1) How are the media innovating regarding their paradigm, both general and specifically in the culture section? 2) How does paradigmatic innovation affect the overall editorial positioning, including cultural scope and coverage, product and processes? Findings suggest that we are witnessing a paradigm shift in business models in the digital environment, challenging traditional boundaries related to editorial and branded content and expanding the revenue sources beyond the editorial core. I conclude that media innovation is firstly a paradigmatic innovation which impacts sustainability, the editorial products and processes, as well as brand positioning and extensions. The article proposes four types of paradigmatic innovation based on the analysis.
Normative principles in newsroom innovation. The case of 360° video adoption by editorial knowledge champions
Authors: Lajqi Margarita , Lischka Juliane A
Published: August 2020

Technology innovation adoption is critical for the survival of news organizations in the digital age. However, it has been argued that innovations should not be adopted at any price in journalism. This explorative study investigates drivers and obstacles for innovation adoption of 360° videos in eight news organizations in Switzerland from the perspective of the knowledge champion in the editorial office. Based on interviews, we find that the question of what an innovation will change regarding resources, processes, and the alignment to professional norms is relevant at an early stage of innovation adoption. Potential monetary, audience, and company image benefits of an innovation become relevant for its proficient adoption. Knowledge champions carefully evaluate the new technology against normative journalistic principles and benefits for the organization. We argue that for understanding innovation adoption in newsrooms, the negotiation of professional norms has to be considered as this negotiation can drive or restrain innovation adoption. As journalists do not innovate at any costs but consider journalism’s societal purpose when assessing new technology, models of newsroom innovation adoption need to include the negotiation of normative principles.
Second-Order Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control for MPPT of PMSG-based Wind Energy Conversion System
Authors: Dursun Emre Hasan , Kulaksiz Ahmet Afsin
Published: August 2020

This article proposes a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller based on voltage-mode Second-Order Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control (SO-FTSMC) to obtain better performance in the power extraction from Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG)-based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). The major objective of the study is the design of SO-FTSMC that can ensure the operation of the system in maximum power reference with higher efficiency, less steady-state error, and voltage fluctuation. Maximum power references are determined by mechanical sensorless MPPT approach. The small-scale WECS configuration incorporates wind turbine, PMSG, uncontrolled rectifier, boost converter, and MPPT controller. SO-FTSMC method has not been performed before as a voltage regulator in such a topology. The proposed controller has been validated for two different wind speed test scenarios in simulation environment, which can be applied effectively to PMSG-based WECS. Moreover, Conventional SMC (C-SMC) is created and then performance of controllers is compared in these wind speed scenarios according to maximum extracted average power, output voltage fluctuation, and voltage error in steady-state, MPPT efficiency, and performance indices. Obtained results indicate that proposed SO-FTSMC-based MPPT controller achieves superior performance.
Dental Amalgam Influence on the Amount of Absorbed Energy from Mobile Phone
Authors: Cvetkovic Nenad N. , Dimitrijevic Marko A. , Jovanovic Dejan B. , Zivaljevic Dragana U. , Krasic Dragan D.
Published: August 2020

The topic of the research presented in this paper is numerical calculation and analysis of the electric field and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) distributions in the vicinity of dental amalgam exposed to the radiation of mobile phone at the frequencies corresponding to 3G and 4G mobile networks. This is carried out by numerical solving of the electromagnetic propagation equation. The results related to different tissues and organs placed in the vicinity of dental amalgam and exposed to radiation are presented and analysed. In order to obtain the most accurate results, the realistic 3D model of human jaw has been created. A comparative analysis of models with and without dental amalgam has been carried out, with aim to determine the impact of amalgam on biological tissues in its vicinity. According to the obtained results, the maximum values of electric field strength and SAR are higher in the presence of dental amalgam. In both cases, maximum values are out of bounds of safety limits.
Exposure of Underground Cable Intrusion Detection System to Transient Disturbances Caused by Nearby Lightning Strikes
Authors: Markowska Renata
Published: August 2020

Electronic systems with extensive underground cable installations are endangered by damage or interference during lightning as a result of current and voltage surges induced in the installations. The paper presents the study on the lightning threat to the electronic intrusion detection system based on underground cable sensors during a nearby lightning strike to the pole of the lighting system installed in parallel with the sensory cables. In the extensive intrusion detection system working in a network composed of several controller-sensor-terminator units, a problem arises whether the neighbouring units should or should not be connected galvanically  in order the system is less vulnerable to the effects of a lightning electromagnetic pulse. The problem is complex since the threat level may depend on many factors, i.e. the point of the strike, the lightning current, soil parameters, and configurations of the affected systems. The problem has been studied using numerical simulations based on the electromagnetic field theory and method of moments. The results show that the isolated configuration, i.e. without the galvanic continuity between the units, may be better as far as relatively low soil resistivity and low steepness of the lightning current waveform are considered.
Evaluation of microRNA Gene Polymorphisms in Liver Transplant Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Dehbidi Sahar , Farokhizadeh Zhaleh , Karimi Mohammad Hossein , Afshari Afsoon , Behmanesh Mehrdad , Sanati Mohammad Hossein , Geramizadeh Bita , Yaghobi Ramin
Published: August 2020

Background: Genetic polymorphism in the miRNA sequence might alter miRNA expression and/or maturation, which is associated with the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in liver transplant patients. Objectives: Therefore, the prevalence of miRNA-146a G > C (rs2910164), miRNA-499A > G (rs3746444), miRNA-149C > T (rs2292832), and miRNA-196a-2 C > T (rs11614913) gene polymorphisms was evaluated in liver recipients with HCC with or without experiencing graft rejection. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, tissue samples were collected from 60 HCC patients who underwent liver transplant surgery at Namazi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, in 2013 - 2015. A control group consisting of 120 individuals was randomly selected, as well. The genomic DNA was extracted from collected tissues and blood samples. The miRNA-146a (rs2910164), miRNA-499 (rs3746444), miRNA-149 (rs2292832), and miRNA-196a-2 (rs11614913) gene polymorphisms were evaluated in patients with HCC using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: The CC genotype and C allele of the miRNA-146a (rs2910164) polymorphism were significantly associated with the increased risk of transplant rejection in patients with HCC (P = 0.05 and P = 0.05, respectively). The CC genotype and C allele of the miRNA-146a (rs2910164) were also significantly more frequent in male liver transplant patients who experienced acute rejection than in non-rejected ones (P = 0.05 and P = 0.03, respectively). However, no significant association was found between the genotypes and alleles of miRNA-499 (rs3746444), miRNA-149 (rs2292832), and miRNA-196a-2 (rs11614913) polymorphisms and HCC outcomes in liver transplant recipients. Conclusions: The importance of the CC genotype and C allele of the miRNA-146a (rs2910164) polymorphism in increasing the risk of transplant rejection was confirmed, but it needs further studies in larger populations.
MiR-135b Induces Osteosarcoma Invasion by the Modulation of FOXO-1 and c-Myc
Authors: Tahbazlahafi Behnoosh , Paknejad Malihe , Shahmohamadnejad Shiva , Mirzaei Alireza , Jamshidi Khodamorad , Khalili Ehsan
Published: August 2020

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common type of bone malignancy. Many studies have attempted to find the association between microRNAs and cancer-associated processes. Alterations in miRNA expression through genetic or epigenetic changes, impairment of transcription factors, and ectopic expression of miRNAs induce the development and progression of cancer. Although miR-135b has been thoroughly documented as an oncogene in the majority of studies, some controversies remain about the conflicting role of miR-135b as a tumor-suppressor. Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the oncogenic and/or tumor-suppressing role of miR-135b in human OS. Methods: In this study, 21 OS tissue samples, along with 21 adjacent bone tissues (normal) as control specimens were collected to analyze the expression of miR-135b. The Saos2 cell-line was transiently transfected with the miR-135b mimic and inhibitor to assess its effect on two critical transcription factors, namely FOXO-1 and c-Myc. qRT-PCR was performed to quantify the expression of miR-135b in both OS tissues and the Saos2 cell-line. The MTT, cell migration, and cell invasion assays were used to characterize the miR-135b function. The western blot analysis was carried out to monitor the targets of miR-135b. Finally, the changes in cellular functions such as migration and invasion, following the transfection of miR-135b mimic and inhibitor, were verified. Results: The results showed that in comparison with the adjacent normal bone tissues, the expression of miR-135b was higher in OS tissue samples, which inversely correlated with the expression rate of FOXO-1, whereas the expression of c-Myc had a direct relationship to miR-135b expression. Functionally, the miR-135b mimic led to an increase in cell proliferation, invasion, and migration of OS cancer cells. Conclusions: MiR-135b induces the proliferation and invasion of OS cells by the degradation of FOXO-1 and upregulation of c-Myc.
The Role of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Among Multiple Sclerosis Patient Compared to Ordinary People in South of Iran: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Rahnama Mahsa , Asgari Qasem , Petramfar Peiman , Tasa Davod , Hemati Vahid , Solgi Rahmat
Published: August 2020

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a common parasitic disease, which leads to serious disease symptoms in immunocompromised hosts and infants. Recent epidemiologic surveys showed that microbial agents may be associated with some cases of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: This case-control study aimed to examine the role of Toxoplasma gondii in MS by evaluating sero-frequency of anti-T. gondii IgG (ATXAb) antibody between patients with MS and ordinary people in Shiraz Province, south of Iran during 2016 - 2018. Methods: Serum samples obtained from MS patients (n = 130), and a group of age and gender-matched controls (n = 130) with the same socioeconomic status with the patients’ group were collected to evaluate the prevalence of T. gondii IgG antibodies (ATXAb). Moreover, the presence of the ATXAb antibody of the patients and controls was determined by the ELISA test. SPSS 20 software was used to perform the statistical analysis (SPSS, inc., Chicago, USA). Results: Out of 130 (35.4%) cases with MS and 130 (13.8%) controls, 46 and 18 subjects were seropositive for ATXAb, respectively. Based on the chi-square test, a significant difference was observed in terms of the positivity rates of ATXAb between the MS patient group and the control group (P = 0.001). The mean ± standard deviation ATXAb levels in controls and MS patients were found to be 61 ± 34 and 114 ± 47 IU/mL, respectively. Also, there were statistically significant differences between the levels of these two groups (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Given the relationship between toxoplasmosis and MS, it is possible that the prevalence of MS decreases by increasing hygiene and preventing toxoplasmosis.
Justice
Authors: Martin Noel , Draper Matthew , Lamey Andy ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2020

We created Justice: The Game, an educational, role-immersion game designed to be used in philosophy courses. We seek to describe Justice in sufficent detail so that it is understandable to readers not already familiar with role-immersion pedagogy. We hope some instructors will be sufficiently interested in using the game. In addition to describing the game we also evaluate it, thereby highlighting the pedagogical potential of role-immersion games designed to teach political philosophy. We analyze the game by drawing on our observations as designers and playtesters of Justice, along with feedback from students obtained in focus-groups conducted shortly after playtesting ended. We present evidence that Justice, compared to conventional instructional methods alone, plausibly enhances student learning of philosophical skills and content by requiring them to practice those skills and put their content-area knowledge to use in a highly-motivating and engaging context.
Renta Básica y Renta Máxima: una concepción republicano-democrática
Authors: Bertomeu María Julia , Raventós Daniel
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo fue pensado a modo de homenaje a Antoni Domènech, quien nos legó un Programa de Investigación sobre “las raíces históricas y conceptuales del republicanismo democrático clásico”, también valedero para el momento actual del modo de producir capitalista en el que nos encontramos al inicio de la tercera década del siglo XXI. Nos ocuparemos i) de fundamentar y mostrar la viabilidad de una Renta Básica, entendida como resguardo de un mínimum de existencia social para todos, que permitiría garantizar una universalización de la libertad republicana; y también ii) abordaremos el tema de la justificación de una Renta Máxima (RM), entendiendo que la acumulación de riqueza y, por ello mismo, de poder económico y político de los muy ricos, atenta contra el deber fiduciario de las repúblicas democráticas de garantizar una “vida normal” para todos sus habitantes.

This article is envisaged as a homage to Antoni Domènech who bequeathed us a Research Programme on “the historical and conceptual origins of classical democratic republicanism”, which is also valid for the phase of the capitalist mode of production we are presently facing at the beginning of the third decade of the twenty-first century. Our aims are 1) to establish and demonstrate the viability of a basic income, which is understood as safeguarding a minimum of social existence for everyone, and that would guarantee the universalisation of republican freedom; and 2) to tackle the question of justifying a Maximum Income, in the understanding that the accumulation of wealth, and hence of the political and economic power of the very rich, is an assault against the fiduciary duty of democratic republics to guarantee a “normal” life for all citizens.
Poder de negociación y distribución social de capacidades para la nacionalización de la vida económica: ¿por qué la renta básica es un proyecto democratizador?
Authors: Casassas David
Published: August 2020

Este artículo analiza en cuatro tiempos el potencial del acceso incondicional a recursos en la conformación de relaciones (re)productivas libres. En primer lugar, defiende una noción de democracia (económica) que exige la presencia de recursos incondicionalmente predistribuidos. En segundo lugar, explora el vínculo entre predistribución y poder de negociación. En tercer lugar, presenta el derecho a la existencia como condición para una cooperación social efectiva que merezca la pena ser cuidada. En cuarto lugar, discute el papel de la renta básica en procesos de nacionalización de la vida económica entendidos como expresión de la voluntad democrática de la ciudadanía.

This article analyses in four stages the potential of unconditional access to resources in the conformation of free (re)productive relations. Firstly, it defends a notion of (economic) democracy requiring the presence of unconditionally predistributed resources. Secondly, it explores the link between predistribution and bargaining power. Thirdly, it presents the right to existence as a condition for an effective social cooperation worth taking care of. Fourthly, it discusses the role of basic income in processes of nationalisation of economic life understood as the expression of the democratic will of citizenry.
IN SITU BIOREMEDATION OF HIDROCARBONS CONTAMINATED SOILS: CASE OF AN OIL PIPELINE IN MALAGA (SPAIN)
Authors: POUS DE LA FLOR JUAN , HERRERO PEÑA MARIA JOSE , MAZADIEGO LUIS FELIPE , LAIN HUERTA CARLOS , LLAMOS MOYA BERNARDO
Published: August 2020

Bioremediation is a tool that can be effectively used in certain contaminated environments. Its main advantages reside in its low aggressiveness with the environment when applied “in situ”, and in the capacity to destroy contaminants.
As a result of our research we are able to present the novelty of using our methods, as the way to avoid more expensive actions such as thermal desorption, or much terrible and ineffective, such as identifying the waste as dangerous, and its subsequent storage and custody without reaching to a definitive solution.
This article presents the results we reached to and how we proceeded in the treatment of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons on land located in the engineering work of the high-speed train between Córdoba and Málaga. Thanks to the way of proceeding we obtained, within six months, decreases below 1500 ppm of TPH.
We would also like to make available to the scientific community the success of using different mixtures, as well as the techniques and properties must be performed and measured.
Coexistence of biosulphants, phosphants and the novelty of treating them with magnesium hydroxide, the results of the interactions between microrganisms and the pollutant and what conditions are needed of aeration and stimulation by mixture, shows the degradation capacity of the hydrocarbon and its sostenibility.

Keywords: bioremediation, descontamination, hydrocarbon degradation , micro-organisms
Neural arbitration between social and individual learning systems
Authors: Diaconescu Andreea Oliviana , Stecy Madeline , Kasper Lars , Burke Christopher J , Nagy Zoltan , Mathys Christoph , Tobler Philippe N
Published: August 2020

Decision making requires integrating knowledge gathered from personal experiences with advice from others. The neural underpinnings of the process of arbitrating between information sources has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we formalized arbitration as the relative precision of predictions, afforded by each learning system, using hierarchical Bayesian modeling. In a probabilistic learning task, participants predicted the outcome of a lottery using recommendations from a more informed advisor and/or self-sampled outcomes. Decision confidence, as measured by the number of points participants wagered on their predictions, varied with our definition of arbitration as a ratio of precisions. Functional neuroimaging demonstrated that arbitration signals were independent of decision confidence and involved modality-specific brain regions. Arbitrating in favor of self-gathered information activated the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the midbrain, whereas arbitrating in favor of social information engaged the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. These findings indicate that relative precision captures arbitration between social and individual learning systems at both behavioral and neural levels.
Building the vertebrate codex using the gene breaking protein trap library
Authors: Ichino Noriko , Serres MaKayla R , Urban Rhianna M , Urban Mark D , Treichel Anthony J , Schaefbauer Kyle J , Tallant Lauren E , Varshney Gaurav K , Skuster Kimberly J , McNulty Melissa S , Daby Camden L , Wang Ying , Liao Hsin-kai , El-Rass Suzan , Ding Yonghe , Liu Weibin , Anderson Jennifer L , Wishman Mark D , Sabharwal Ankit , Schimmenti Lisa A , Sivasubbu Sridhar , Balciunas Darius , Hammerschmidt Matthias , Farber Steven Arthur , Wen Xiao-Yan , Xu Xiaolei , McGrail Maura , Essner Jeffrey J , Burgess Shawn M , Clark Karl J , Ekker Stephen C
Published: August 2020

One key bottleneck in understanding the human genome is the relative under-characterization of 90% of protein coding regions. We report a collection of 1200 transgenic zebrafish strains made with the gene-break transposon (GBT) protein trap to simultaneously report and reversibly knockdown the tagged genes. Protein trap-associated mRFP expression shows previously undocumented expression of 35% and 90% of cloned genes at 2 and 4 days post-fertilization, respectively. Further, investigated alleles regularly show 99% gene-specific mRNA knockdown. Homozygous GBT animals in ryr1b, fras1, tnnt2a, edar and hmcn1 phenocopied established mutants. 204 cloned lines trapped diverse proteins, including 64 orthologs of human disease-associated genes with 40 as potential new disease models. Severely reduced skeletal muscle Ca2+ transients in GBT ryr1b homozygous animals validated the ability to explore molecular mechanisms of genetic diseases. This GBT system facilitates novel functional genome annotation towards understanding cellular and molecular underpinnings of vertebrate biology and human disease.