bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Common airborne fungi induce species-specific effects on upper airway inflammatory and remodelling responses
Authors: Sproson Eleanor L. , Thomas Kelly M. , Lau Laurie C. , Harries Philip G. , Howarth Peter H. , Salib Rami J.
Published: June 2021

Objective: Whilst the exact cause of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains elusive, it is clear that both inflammation and remodelling are key disease processes. Environmental fungi have been linked to airway inflammation in CRS; however, their role in the pathogenesis of this condition remains controversial. The current consensus suggests that whilst fungi may not be directly causative, it is likely that CRS patients have deficits in their innate and potentially acquired immunity, which in turn may modify their ability to react to fungi. This study used a nasal polyp explant tissue stimulation model to study the inflammatory and remodelling responses related to challenge with common airborne fungal species. Methods: Ex vivo nasal polyp tissue from six well phenotyped CRSwNP patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery was stimulated with 1, 10 and 100 μg/ml of Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Penicillium notatum and compared with unchallenged polyp tissue as control. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α); and pro-remodelling cytokines transforming growth factor-b1 (TGF-b1), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the polyp supernatant. Results: Aspergillus niger stimulation increased pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, GM-CSF and IL-6 whilst having little effect on the remodelling cytokines bFGF and TGF-b1. In contrast, stimulation with Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Alternaria alternata and Penicillium notatum reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, but induced a dose-dependent increase in remodelling cytokines TGF-b1 and bFGF. Conclusions: This study shows that common airborne fungi induce species-specific effects on the upper airway inflammatory and remodelling responses. These findings provide further immunological evidence of a disease-modifying role for fungi in CRS.
Chronic anosmia induces depressive behavior and reduced anxiety via dysregulation of glucocorticoid receptor and corticotropin-releasing hormone in a mouse model
Authors: Ahn Sangzin , Shin Hyun-Woo , Mahmood Usman , Khalmuratova Roza , Jeon Sea-Yuong , Jin Hong Ryul , Choi Jung-Seok , Kim Hye-Sun , Kim Dae Woo
Published: June 2021

Background: Olfactory loss is highly prevalent, and comorbid mood disorders are common. Considering olfactory input is highly interconnected with the limbic system, and that the limbic system manages mood, it is predictable that impairments in the sense of smell may result in mood changes. Methodology: Chronic olfactory deficits were induced by repeated intranasal irrigation of ZnSO4 for 12 weeks in BALB/c mice. H&E staining, OMP staining, and potato chip finding test were performed to confirm olfactory loss. Tail suspension, forced swim, and splash tests were performed to evaluate depression, as well as open field, elevated plus maze tests were applied to assess anxiety. The mRNA levels of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) were measured by real-time PCR to confirm relevant molecular changes. Results: Disruption of the olfactory epithelium and olfactory loss was confirmed in histological studies and potato chip finding test. Behavioral tests show that the chronic anosmic state caused increased depression and reduced anxiety. PCR data showed that mRNA levels of GR in the hypothalamus and CRH in the amygdala were significantly decreased. Conclusions: These results propose that ZnSO4-induced chronic anosmia can cause a depressive and anxiolytic state via decreased hypothalamic GR and amygdalar CRH.
A case-control study of medical, psychological and socio-economic factors influencing the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Philpott Carl , Erskine Sally , Hopkins Claire , Coombes Emma , Kara Naveed , Sunkareneni Vishnu , Anari Shahram , Salam Mahmoud , Farboud Amir , Clark Allan , on behalf of the CRES Group
Published: June 2021

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and debilitating disorder. Little is known about the epidemiology of this disease. The aims of the study were to identify differences in socio-economic variables and quality of life between patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and healthy controls, to identify any significant associations between CRS and other medical co-morbidities, psychiatric disease or environmental exposure and to explore the experience of CRS from the perspective of CRS sufferers. Methods: Participants were recruited from ENT clinics from 30 centres across the UK. They completed a study-specific questionnaire considering environmental, medical and socio-economic factors, and SF-36 and SNOT-22 scores. All participants with CRS were diagnosed by a clinician and categorised as having CRS (with polyposis, without polyposis or allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS)). Controls included family and friends of those attending ENT outpatient clinics and hospital staff who had no diagnosis of nose or sinus problems and had not been admitted to hospital in the previous 12 months. Results: A total of 1470 study participants (1249 patients and 221 controls) were included in the final analysis. Highly significant differences were seen in generic and disease-specific quality of life scores between CRS sufferers and controls; mean SNOT-22 score 45.0 for CRS compared with 12.1 amongst controls. There were no clear differences in socioeconomic variables including social class, index of multiple deprivation and educational attainment between cases and controls. Common comorbidities with a clear association included respiratory and psychiatric disorders, with a higher frequency of reported upper respiratory tract infections. Conclusions: CRS is associated with significant impairment in quality of life and with certain medical co-morbidities. In contrast to other common ENT disorders, no socioeconomic differences were found between patients and controls in this study.
Transmission Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance at a National Referral Hospital in Uganda
Authors: Mboowa Gerald , Sserwadda Ivan , Bulafu Douglas , Chaplain Duku , Wewedru Izale , Seni Jeremiah , Kidenya Benson , Mshana Stephen , Joloba Moses , Aruhomukama Dickson
Published: June 2021

Reliable data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) transmission dynamics in Uganda remains scarce; hence, we studied this area. Eighty-six index patients and “others” were recruited. Index patients were those who had been admitted to the orthopedic ward of Mulago National Referral Hospital during the study period; “others” included medical and non-medical caretakers of the index patients, and index patients’ immediate admitted hospital neighbors. Others were recruited only when index patients became positive for carrying antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) during their hospital stay. A total of 149 samples, including those from the inanimate environment, were analyzed microbiologically for ARB, and ARB were analyzed for their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and mechanisms underlying observed resistances. We describe the diagnostic accuracy of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production screening method, and AMR acquisition and transmission dynamics. Index patients were mostly carriers of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (PE) on admission, whereas non-ESBL-PE carriers on admission (61%) became carriers after 48 hours of admission (9%). The majority of ESBL-PE carriers on admission (56%) were referrals or transfers from other health-care facilities. Only 1 of 46 samples from the environment isolated an ESBL-PE. Marked resistance (> 90%) to β-lactams and folate-pathway inhibitors were observed. The ESBL screening method’s sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 100%, 50%, 90%, and 100%, respectively. AMR acquisition and transmission occurs via human–human interfaces within and outside of health-care facilities compared with human–inanimate environment interfaces. However, this remains subject to further research.
Global Health Partnerships During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives and Insights from International Partners
Authors: McHenry Megan S. , Tam Reena P. , Nafiseh Amira A. , Etling Mary Ann , Barnes Adelaide E. , Rule Amy R. L. , Crouse Heather L. , Haq Heather , Morris Lee E. , Murray Brittany L. , Umphrey Lisa A. , Keating Elizabeth M.
Published: June 2021

Global health partnerships (GHPs) have encountered many challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. New perspectives and insights are needed to guide GHPs when navigating current and future collaborations. This study aimed to understand perspectives and insights of international partners regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their GHPs with institutions in the United States. We performed a cross-sectional qualitative study conducted through virtual semi-structured interviews performed between June 12, 2020 and July 22, 2020. We queried academic institutions based in the United States to refer individuals from their corresponding international GHP organizations. We invited these individuals to participate in virtual interviews that were audio-recorded and transcribed. We analyzed data qualitatively to identify themes. Eighty-four United States partners provided e-mail addresses for international partners. Ten individuals from these GHPs completed the interview. Participants reported overall positive experiences with their United States-based partners during the pandemic. The following themes emerged: imbalanced decision-making; worry about partnership continuity; opportunity to optimize communication within partnerships; interest in incorporating technology to facilitate engagement; and a desire for increased bilateral exchanges. Several challenges appeared to exist before COVID-19 and were highlighted by the pandemic. Most respondents were optimistic regarding the future of their GHPs. However, concerns were expressed regarding the implications of fewer in-person international experiences with United States trainees and the desire for stronger communication. Although our results do not represent the perspectives and insights of all GHPs, they provide considerations for the future. We urge institutions in the United States to re-examine and strive for equitable relationships with their international partners.
Small bowel evisceration in a perforated uterine prolapse
Authors: Y. Amakpa Eric , A. Hernandez-Gonzalez Gertrudis , Camejo-Rodriguez Edith
Published: June 2021

The evisceration of the bowel through the vaginal vault is an extremely rare condition and a surgical emergency with a high-reported mortality rate. Vaginal evisceration most commonly affects menopausal women with a hysterectomy or those with previous vaginal surgery. The most common risk factors include the triad of post-menopausal atrophy, previous vaginal surgery and enterocele. Estrogen deficiency in post-menopausal women leads to weaker pelvic support structures and a thin, atrophic vagina, making it more prone to rupture. Previous vaginal surgery leaves scar tissue with diminished vascularity in the vaginal wall and apex, predisposing it to dehiscence. Post hysterectomy, the axis of the vagina may be changed, making it more vertical or shortened and resulting in the vagina losing its valve-like mechanism. We present a 70-year-old female brought to the emergency department with a vaginal prolapse complicated by bowel evisceration, without any history of vaginal surgery, hysterectomy or trauma. The bowel was inspected and irrigated copiously, then reduced into the abdominal cavity as it was still viable. A total vaginal hysterectomy with an anterior and posterior colporrhaphy was done. The patient had a successful recovery with no complication. We present this case due to its rarity, the absence of previous vaginal surgery, trauma, or hysterectomy and the successful multidisciplinary surgical approach with total recovery.
Thermal destruction of gas generated from household waste
Authors:   Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT), 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina-Faso, Palm Kalifa , Lankouandé Roland ,   Université Norbert ZONGO (UNZ), BP 376 Koudougou, Burkina Faso, Ouédraogo Boukaré , Sanogo Oumar , Chesneau Xavier ,   Université de Perpignan, Laboratoire LAMPS-GME, 52 avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan, France, Zeghmati Belkacem
Published: June 2021

The burning of industrial, agricultural wastes and garbage into ashes is source of significant air pollution due to the following gas components CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4, H2O… etc. Thermodestruction remains one of the effective technologies used in the depollution of these components. This paper is devoted to the modelling of the thermodestruction in a cylindrical incinerator of gas waste produced by the combustion of garbage. Dimensionless transfer’s equations are solved using an implicit numerical scheme, Thomas and Gauss algorithms. We analyze the influence of the mass rate of the inlet smoke on the effectiveness of depollution.
Le carbone 14 (14C) un traceur idéal pour la surveillance de la pollution atmosphérique en dioxyde de carbone (CO2) anthropogénique dans la zone de dakar
Authors:   Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Sène Matar , Ndeye Maurice ,   Radiocarbon Laboratory, Institut Fondamentale d’Afrique Noire (IFAN), Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Dakar-Fann, Senegal,, Diallo Alpha Oumar
Published: June 2021

Le comportement de notre environnement dépend de l’équilibre radiatif de son atmosphère et donc, de l’abondance des polluants comme les gaz à effet de serre. Ces gaz anthropogéniques sont dus, en grande partie, aux activités de l’homme depuis l’époque moderne à travers la combustion des combustibles fossiles. Celle-ci libère du dioxyde de carbone fossile (CO2) ff, pauvre en 14C car la demi-vie de ce radioélément (5730ans) est beaucoup plus courte que l’âge des combustibles fossiles. En revanche, le dioxyde de carbone biogénique (CO2) bio et le dioxyde de carbone naturel de fond ou background (CO2) bg sont enrichis en 14C issus des rayonnements cosmogéniques (Production naturel du 14C dans la haute couche atmosphérique) et des essais d’armements nucléaires. Le carbone 14 peut donc, être un marqueur isotopique artificiel utilisé pour distinguer les différentes sources de CO2, car chaque source possède sa propre et spécifique valeur de Δ14C ou empreinte isotopique. Ce travail a pour but principal de faire une évaluation temporelle et spatiale du dioxyde de carbone fossile dans une zone fortement urbanisée et industrialisée. Nous avons alors choisi la région de Dakar avec quelques sites d’échantillonnages très exposés à cette forme de pollution anthropique. Les résultats obtenus ont montré une hausse de la concentration du CO2 fossile au fil du temps et une concordance acceptable de nos valeurs avec celles de la Banque Mondiale pour le Sénégal. Les concentrations en 14C fossiles (Δ14C) ou empreintes isotopiques trouvées, montrent une nette baisse par rapport aussi à un niveau naturel d’air propre supposé non pollué (Zone propre).
Modélisation et simulation d’un bâtiment classique vers un bâtiment à énergie positive (BEPOS)
Authors:   Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement (LPCE), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Sawadogo Daouda , Coulibaly Ousmane , Daho Tizane
Published: June 2021

Cette étude porte principalement sur la modélisation et la simulation d’un bâtiment à usage d’habitation et orienté vers le Bâtiment à Energie POSitive (BEPOS). C’est un bâtiment de niveau R+1 et notre étude a portée au niveau de Rez-De-Chaussée. Le Logiciel KoZiBu nous a permis d’entreprendre une simulation du bâtiment en situation de référence et optimisé. Les conclusions de ces travaux, ont montré pour les charges de climatisation que le bâtiment en situation optimisé présente une économie d’énergie de 20,16% par rapport au bâtiment en situation de référence. De plus la production d’énergie à l’aide des panneaux photovoltaïques sous PV SYST est comparée avec les consommations d’énergie électrique du bâtiment pour analyser son autonomie énergétique. Une étude comparée au niveau de la variation de température à l’intérieur du bâtiment étudié en situation de référence et optimisé a été réalisée. Enfin, une étude économique et écologique du projet d’isolation du bâtiment nous a permis de savoir que son temps de retour est de 7 ans 5 mois et permet d’éviter l’émission de 256,5 tonnes eq de CO2 en 50 ans.
İŞ-AİLE ÇATIŞMASININ İŞ MEMNUNİYETİNE ETKİSİNDE TÜKENMİŞLİĞİN ARACI ROLÜ
Authors: DURAK İsmail , ALTINIŞIK Said , KARAGÖZ Yalçın
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmada iş-aile çatışması, tükenmişlik ve iş memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, iş-aile çatışması ile iş memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkide tükenmişliğin aracı bir etkisinin olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında özel sektör çalışanlarına iş-aile çatışması, tükenmişlik, iş memnuniyeti ölçeği ile demografik değişkenler kullanılarak hazırlanan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anket verileri, kartopu örneklemesi yöntemiyle sosyal medya aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Bu çerçevede, elde edilen anketlerden 356 tanesi değerlendirmeye uygun bulunmuştur. Araştırmada verileri analiz etmek ve oluşturulan hipotezleri test etmek amacıyla güvenirlik, korelasyon, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve yol analizi (path) yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, iş-aile çatışması ve tükenmişliğin iş memnuniyetini negatif etkilediği; iş-aile çatışması ve tükenmişlik arasında pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, tükenmişliğin iş-aile çatışması ile iş memnuniyeti arasındaki ilişkide tam aracı etki rolü oynadığı saptanmıştır.
QVAC HALI YIKAMA MAKİNESİNİN ÜST KAPAK TASARIMI GELİŞTİRİLMESİ VE PROTOTİP ÜRETİMİ
Authors: MADEN Hakan , KAMBER Ömer Şaban , KAMBER Burak Recep
Published: June 2021

Günlük hayatımızda halı ve yerleri temizlemek amacıyla süpürgeler kullanılmaktadır. Bazı süpürgeler sadece süpürme işlemi yaparken bazıları da hem süpürme hem de yıkama işlemi yapmaktadır. Mevcut üretim yapılan Aura Qvac/Livac süpürge cihazımız yıkama özelliğini de taşımaktadır. Bu cihaz Türkiye’de satılmakta aynı zamanda ihracatı yapılarak satılmaktadır. İhracat satışının artırılması için cihazın üst kısmında tasarım değişikliği yapılarak yeni bir ürün ortaya çıkartılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla tasarım geliştirilmeleri yapılmış bu tasarımlara kavram izleme/puanlama matrisleri uygulanarak bir tasarım seçilmiştir. Seçilen bu tasarım prototipleri yapılarak kontroller yapılması hedeflenmiştir.
Vínculos entre la Merced y las hermandades penitenciales en la provincia de Sevilla. Notas sobre su historia y patrimonio
Authors: Ruiz Barrera Mª Teresa
Published: June 2021

Exponemos en el artículo una breve relación de las diez hermandades penitenciales que a lo largo de los siglos se relacionan con la orden de la Merced o de la Merced Descalza en la provincia sevillana, junto con otras que, sin relación expresa con ellas, presentan su iconografía propia.
Coleta seletiva e reciclagem
Authors: Silva Marcelo Côrtes , Biondo Franco Gomes , Lemos Pedro Moreno Feio de , Pereira Mayza de Andrade , Nunes Maria Fernanda Santos Quintela da Costa
Published: June 2021

A limitação dos recursos naturais e problemas socioambientais ocasionados pelo descarte de resíduos são razões evocadas para repensarmos hábitos individuais e coletivos. Neste cenário, o ensino de ciências e a educação ambiental devem assumir protagonismo. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a experiência do projeto de extensão “Repensar” e discutir seus limites e potencialidades para a educação ambiental escolar nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O trabalho está construído em torno da metodologia de relato de experiência, evidenciando a relação bidirecional entre o projeto e uma escola onde atuamos. Os registros são apresentados e cruzados com reflexões alicerçadas em referenciais da Educação Ambiental e da Extensão, discutindo-se a relevância das ações extensionistas para o desenvolvimento da educação ambiental escolar.
O que eu vi na escola
Authors: Silva Julia Dionísio Cavalcante da , Lima Maria Jacqueline Girão Soares de
Published: June 2021

A partir da narrativa de vivências em escolas municipais de SP, Ivone, uma professora de Ciências iniciante, se valeu da descrição de episódios cotidianos para ilustrar suas principais angústias profissionais, produzidas pelas recorrentes manifestações de machismo e racismo que presenciou na escola. Para a professora, estas situações funcionam como combustível para a análise e revisão de seu próprio percurso formativo. Através delas pôde reconhecer a responsabilidade do ensino de Ciência no enfretamento de questões de gênero e étnico raciais. Este artigo expõe e analisa os relatos de Ivone, a partir de uma perspectiva crítica sobre o ensino de Ciências e tendo em vista as possibilidades de ação docente.
ensino de biologia como justificação para negação e desqualificação da materialidade de corpos, gêneros e sexualidades no contexto escolar
Authors: Firmino Simone Gomes , Echeverría Agustina Rosa
Published: June 2021

A diversidade é uma realidade e a racionalidade que a nega e a desqualifica gera os aforismos que nos impedem de romper com uma prática social segregatória e desumana. Os conhecimentos científicos produzidos no campo das Ciências Biológicas foram constituídos por diferentes racionalidades, baseadas na Ciência, mas também em preceitos teleológicos, moralistas e essencialistas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar dois relatos de experiência em um contexto escolar, problematizando as relações entre ensino e aprendizagem de conteúdos configurados como binários, deterministas e tipológicos, além das consequências para a formação social e escolar. Consequentemente, nós enquanto pesquisadores e professores temos o dever de questionar e problematizar, dentro de sala de aula ou em qualquer espaço, os porquês da negação e desqualificação da materialidade de diversidades, pois, a criação de novas racionalidades, sobre essa diversidade, enquanto possibilidade e caminho para uma prática social de produção de vida e de existências, requer de nós um agir revolucionário sobre a realidade social.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN AND CHINESE FAIRY TALES: CONTRAST IN CULTURES
Authors: БОЛДЫРЕВА О.Н. , ЛИ Б.
Published: June 2021

Сказки как художественное творение человеческого чувства, духа детства являются кристаллизацией коллективной мудрости, имеют важные языковые и культурные ценности, отражают взгляды людей на человеческую природу. Сказки, как правило, имеют явную иронию и воспитательную природу, используя метафорические методы, чтобы описать предмет, в них глубокая правда проявляется в простой истории. Культурные различия между Китаем и Россией являются важным предметом изучения языка и культуры. Для того чтобы лучше понять китайскую и русскую культуры, углубить взаимопонимание между двумя народами и укрепить обмен между Китаем и Россией, необходимо изучать противоречивые характеристикирусского и китайского характера, что и предпринято в этой статье на материале сказок. На основе анализа русской и китайской сказок в статье сравнивается слабый характер персонажей и раскрываются уникальные национальные стили Китая и России. Путем описания слабого характера проявляются благородные духовные качества. Сказочный жанр русского и китайского фольклора в разной степени изучен, но в последнее время большой интерес проявляется к изучению китайских волшебных сказок. В этой работе мы преследуем следующую цель – провести сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ русской и китайской сказок для выявления общих ценностных ориентаций. Китайский и русский фольклор развивался по-разному, но сегодня сказка является одним из центральных предметов изучения фольклористов обеих стран.

Fairy tales as an artistic creation of human feeling, the spirit of childhood are crystallization of collective wisdom, have important linguistic and cultural values, reflect people's views on human nature. Fairy tales tend to have a clear irony and educational nature, using metaphorical methods to describe the subject, in which deep truth manifests itself in a simple story. The cultural differences between China and Russia are an important subject of language and culture study. In order to better understand Chinese and Russian cultures, deepen mutual understanding between the two peoples and strengthen exchanges between China and Russia, it is necessary to study the conflicting characteristics of the Russian and Chinese character, which is what this article has undertaken on the basis of fairy tales. Based on the analysis of Russian and Chinese fairy tales, the article compares the weak character of the protagonists and reveals the unique national styles of China and Russia. By describing a weak character, noble spiritual qualities are manifested. The fairytale genre of Russian and Chinese folklore has been studied to varying degrees, but recently a great interest has been shown in the study of Chinese fairy tales. In this work, we pursue the following goal - to carry out a comparative analysis of Russian and Chinese fairy tales to identify common value orientations. Chinese and Russian folklore developed in different ways, but today the tale is one of the central subjects of study of folklorists of both countries.
CHANGE OF GENERATIONS AND VALUE SYSTEMS IN THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT ON THE EXAMPLE OF GENDER AND FAMILY RELATIONS
Authors: ГАБАРАЕВА М.Р.
Published: June 2021

Глобализация и технологический прогресс начала XXIв. приводят к фундаментальным изменениям в структуре систем ценностей обществ по всему миру. Интернет и социальные сети сделали прежде закрытые общества открытыми и способствовали межкультурному общению, проводящему к обмену поведенческими практиками. Поколение миллениалов – первое поколение, взрослевшее в новых информационных условиях. Российские миллениалы во многом совпадают с миллениалами Европы и США. В данном контексте интерес представляют общества Северного Кавказа, по представлению многих по-прежнему являющиеся патриархальными и традиционными. Цель исследования – изучение поколенческих изменений северокавказских народов на примере семейных и гендерных отношений. На основании проведенного исследования сделаны следующие выводы: на примере семейных отношений заметно сближение регионов Северного Кавказа с общероссийскими тенденциями в виде снижения числа заключаемых браков, стабильного роста разводов и снижения общего числа рожденных детей. Идеи феминизма также постепенно распространяются среди женской части населения. Одновременно с модернизацией общества в ряде регионов идет архаизация и исламизация, выражаемая в возрастающей популярности многоженства. Наличие разных идеологий внутри одного поколения может приводить к конфликтам, поскольку эти идеологии не только не сочетаются, но и противоречат друг другу.

Technical progress and globalization that happened all over the world at the beginning of the XXI century led to fundamental changes of value systems in societies. The Internet and social media have opened up previously closed societies and contributed to intercultural communication which led to the exchange of behavioral practices. The millennial generation is the first generation that grew up in the new information environment. In many ways Russian millennials are similar to millennials in Europe and the United States. In this context, the societies of the North Caucasus, which, according to many, are still patriarchal and traditional, are of special interest. The purpose of the study is to analyze generational changes in the North Caucasian societies using the example of marital and gender relationships. Based on the study, the following conclusions were made: based on the example of family relationships, there is a noticeable convergence of the regions of the North Caucasus with all-Russian trends in the form of a decrease in the number of marriages, a stable increase in divorce rates and a decrease in the total number of children born. Feminist ideas are also gradually spreading among the female population. Simultaneously, with the modernization of society in a number of regions, archaization and Islamization are taking place, expressed in the growing popularity of polygamy. The presence of different ideologies within one generation are able to lead to conflicts, since these ideologies not only do not combine, but also contradict each other and create unstable environment.
Shorter Lives with Poor Health: The Toll on Spain’s Less Educated Population
Authors: Blanes Amand , Trias-Llimós Sergi
Published: June 2021

More than three years separate life expectancy at the age of 30 in more educated groups compared with those with low levels of education. Recent decades have seen considerable advances in the longevity of the Spanish population but these improvements mask the persistence of significant inequalities in health and mortality. Socioeconomic level is a discriminating factor in the health status of individuals throughout their lives and education is one of the most frequently used indicators in studies on social inequalities in health and mortality. In addition to being an indirect variable of the socioeconomic situation, educational level largely conditions the lifestyles and health preferences of individuals as well as their use of the resources of the social and healthcare system. In this issue of Perspectives Demogràfiques, we discuss the present-day differences in health and mortality in Spain according to educational level. These inequalities can be summarised as a threefold penalisation of less educated individuals in comparison with those with a high educational level: a) lower life expectancy; b) greater inequality in age at death; and c) a smaller proportion of years with quality of life.
Postcolonialism, Islamophobia and Inserting Islam Facts in African-American Fiction: Umm Zakiyyah’s If I Should Speak
Authors: Brioua Nadira
Published: June 2021

Islam has been growing quickly in the world, yet it is a predominately misunderstood religion. Othering Islam through media propaganda and western writings, and mis associating it with some assumptions are still rampant. Thus, the researcher attempts at showing these assumptions stereotypical prejudgments of Islam and Muslims that are commonly associated with Western assumptions resulted in Islamophobia and exploring the role of counter-discourses in contemporary Black-American Fiction by analyzing Umm Zakiyyah’s If I Should Speak and showing to what extents the novel has an important role in correcting assumptions and narrating the Islamic facts. Thus, this article highlights Umm Zakiyyah’s narrative of Islam’s truth within its historical sources the Qur’an and the Sunnah. The paper analyses Umm Zakiyyah’s reconsideration of Islam’s truth, by focusing on the meaning of Islam and being a Muslim. To do so, this qualitative and non-empirical research is conducted in a descriptive-theoretical analysis, using the selected novel as a primary source and library and online critical materials, such as books and journal articles, as secondary references. Based on the analysis, it is found that Umm Zakiyyah narrates Islam and Muslims to counter the West’s negative view on Islam. Furthermore, based on the story, the power of Muslim self-identification within the historical transparent knowledge based on the Quran’s perspectives leads to the conversion of Tamika Douglass, proving that Islam can be perceived positively by non-Muslims; in this case, it is represented within its subjectivity. It is found that the novel can be a tool of Islamic da’wah [call for the faith]. Hence, the Muslim writers and novelists should write to solve the challenges facing Muslims and the Ummah by Islamizing English fiction.
Индивидуальные особенности личности осужденного (результаты психологического исследования)
Authors: НЕДЯЛКОВА ЙОАННА М.
Published: June 2021

Введение: в статье представлено исследование, проведенное путем анкетирования находящихся в тюрьме г. Варны осужденных. Правовой статус осужденных влияет на психологические и поведенческие характеристики личности. При изучении процесса формирования определенных личностных качеств преступника необходимо проследить взаимодействие на уровне «общество – личность», в частности важно выявить негативное влияние изоляции на личность с целью работы над его устранением. В работе с осужденным необходимо учитывать такие особенности его личности, как направленность, способности, возрастные характеристики. Такие люди отчуждены от общества и его ценностей, имеют негативный Я-образ. В статье внимание сосредоточено как на моральных установках и знаниях осужденного, так и на использовании его способности и стремления к личностным изменениям. В этом процессе образуется сложный комплекс интеллектуальных и волевых качеств, в котором самооценка является важным фактором, определяющим поведение и индивидуальные особености лица. Целью настоящего исследования является изучение уровня агрессии у осужденных и ее проявлений в условиях изоляции, а также разработка мероприятий по сведению к минимуму влияния мест лишения свободы на человека и его отношения с другими. Методы: тест А. Басса и А. Дарки, измеряющий агрессию, и анкета, позволяющая опросить людей, в изучении поведения которых исследователи заинтересованы. Подобные опросные листы предназначены для оценки особенностей личности в конкретных ситуациях и позволяют задать вопросы непосредственно. Исследования подтверждают тезис, что теснота пребывания осужденных в условиях изоляции порождает негативные чувства, которые при специфичных условиях могут трансформироваться в агрессивное поведение. Результаты: исследование агрессивных проявлений личности осужденного и соответствующих методов работы с ней дает возможность получить информацию для решения целевой задачи. Это может послужить основой для построения программы психокоррекции поведения лиц, помещенных в условия изоляции.
Ключевые слова: Личность; изоляция; агрессия; коммуникация; самопознание
MOGUĆI SVETOVI U ROMANU „NE DAJ MI NIKADA DA ODEM“ KAZUA IŠIGURA
Authors: Milojevic Nataša M.
Published: June 2021

The posthuman world inhabited by Ishiguro’s protagonists enables its
examination within the framework of Marie-Laure Ryan’s narrative semantics, owing
to its genre characteristics, as well as to the specific structure of its narrative universe
fabricated from memories. The analysis of the interwoven textual worlds aims to
indicate a motif functioning as a center of the amalgamation and conflicts within the
worlds, as well as to corroborate the claim that the inconceivability of escape stems
from the internal structure of Ishiguro’s narrative universe.
STABILITY OF A VISCOUS INCOMPRESSIBLE CONDUCTING LIQUID LAYER OF A CYLINDRICAL SHAPE IN AN INHOMOGENEOUS TEMPERATURE FIELD AND A MAGNETIC FIELD OF A VACUUM ARC CURRENT THROUGH IT
Authors: Andrieieva O.L. , Borts B.V. , Vanzha А.F. , Korotkova I.М. , Tkachenko V.I.
Published: June 2021

Convective mass transfer in a cylindrical viscous incompressible conductive fluid layer in an inhomogeneous temperature field and in the external magnetic field of the vacuum arc current through it is theoretically investigated in this work. For a horizontal layer of a viscous, incompressible, conducting liquid of a cylindrical shape, located in a temperature field inhomogeneous in height and in an external magnetic field of a vacuum arc current flowing through it, the original equations are written. These equations consist of linearized equations for small velocity perturbations, small deviations from the equilibrium values of temperature, pressure, and magnetic field strength. The considered boundary value problem is solved for the case of free boundaries. Comparison of the experimental data with theoretical calculations made it possible to determine the rotation velocity of the steel melt during vacuum arc melting.
Swab Analysis, Its Importance and Applications in Personnel Hygiene and Business Sanitation Monitoring
Authors: BULUT Menekşe , ZOR Melek
Published: June 2021

Swab analysis is of paramount importance especially in the detection of microorganisms taken from surfaces as well as identification, counting and description of these microorganisms and hygiene monitoring. Responsible personnel, food contact tools and equipment play role in the contamination of food with bacteria. It can be identified by swab analysis whether foods, food production equipment, personnel and environment have bacteria or not. Swab samples are of great importance in taking any cross-fertilization under control. While performing analyses, correct selection of swab analysis method should be attached importance as correct swab analysis method selection influence the sensitivity of the results of analyses.
Meyve Gelişimi Döneminde Kayısıda (Prunus armeniaca L.) Bazı Fiziksel ve Kimyasal Değişimler
Authors: PEHLUVAN Mücahit , DOĞRU Berna , ÇATAK Esengül
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışma 2015 yılında Iğdır ilinde yürütülmüş olup, Şalak ve Teberze kayısı çeşitlerinde tam çiçeklenmeden sonra 32. günden itibaren 20 gün aralıklar ile meyvede fiziksel ve bazı kimyasal içerikler incelenmiştir. Fiziksel ölçümlerde meyve ağırlığı, meyve eni, meyve boyu, meyve yüksekliği, meyve hacmi ve meyve yoğunluğu, kimyasal ölçümlerde ise titre edilebilir asitlik, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı (SÇKM) ve meyve suyu pH’sı ele alınmıştır. Hasada kadar dört kez örneklenen meyvelerde fiziksel gelişim bakımından üç büyüme safhası tespit edilmiştir. Bu safhalar 1. hızlı büyüme safhası, 2. yavaş büyüme safhası ve 3. hızlı büyüme safhası olarak belirlenmiştir. Üçüncü hızlı büyüme safhasında incelenen kimyasal içeriklerden titre edilebilir asitlik azalırken, SÇKM ve meyve suyu pH’sı artmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, incelenen kayısı çeşitlerinde optimum hasat kriterlerini belirlemek ve meyvedeki değişimleri daha iyi görebilmek için meyve tutumundan sonraki evrelerde beş günlük örnek alma sıklığının yanı sıra şekerler, vitaminler, renk, mineral ve fenolik bileşikler ile meyve sertliği gibi daha farklı meyve kalite parametreleri ilave edilerek çalışmanın genişletilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
“Tudo isso é Conversa para Comer sem Trabalhar”
Authors: Oliveira Gilmar Araújo de , Silva Éder da
Published: June 2021

No presente artigo, pretende-se apresentar à luta Capoeira como forma de resistência aos efeitos do colonialismo e colonialidade. Subsequentemente do racismo estrutural que afeta a vida de todo o povo negro dentro da sociedade brasileira, sendo o racismo e a racialização, partes maiores de um plano de dominação que desumaniza e coisifica os corpos negros. Na sua relação de construção do Ser diante as situações do mundo no passado e presente, visando dar ênfase na sua potência como fenômeno de luta anticolonial e, portanto, antirracista. No cerne dessa questão se encontram a valorização da transmissão de conhecimento de forma pedagógica, mas não sistemática, onde a musicalidade assume papel de ensino junto ao ritmo do corpo e, portanto, construção da identidade. Deste modo, a capoeira essencializa ao ser negro/a uma forma de transcender a espacialidade, tanto pela qualidade daquilo que tange o físico como no modo de edificar sua pessoalidade, tangenciando as tecnologias de resistência e emancipação.
Valuation of Subject Identity by Indirect Personality Profiling (V0) in the System for Analysis of Validity in Evaluation (SAVE).
Authors: Antón María José Garrido
Published: June 2021

In SAVE (López, et al, 2018), and although there are other potential factors (intelligence, bonding), the or V0 begins with indirect personality profiling, a technique that we consider most useful in Validity Analysis. It starts from a simple premise; by observing a person's behavior we can infer personality traits, without the need for a psychometric tool designed for that purpose (classical or direct assessment).
STUDY OF THE ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF ISOLIQUIRITIGENIN ON THE HELA, PC3, AND MCF-7 TUMOR CELL LINES
Authors: Bortnikova Olga A. , Pavlova Svetlana I.
Published: June 2021

In 2020, the most common type of malignancy was breast cancer. According to WHO, in 2020, this type of cancer accounted for one in eight new cases of cancer in the world and one in four – among women: this disease was diagnosed in 2.3 million people. One of the factors influencing a high mortality rate among patients with this diagnosis can be attributed to an increase in the level of tumor cells resistance to the chemotherapeutic preparations used, so today it is extremely important to search for new preparations that have high specificity for malignant neoplasms, low toxicity and availability for patients. In this regard, a lot of researchers' attention is attracted by compounds of natural origin, in particular the group of flavonoids, which includes isoliquiritigenin. According to the results of modern studies, this compound can have antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo, affecting the molecular mechanisms of regulating the growth and survival of tumor cells. The aim of this article is to study the antitumor antiproliferative activity of isoliquiritigenin on the HeLa, PC-3, and MCF-7 tumor cells lines in vitro. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated using the MTT test with the exposure of cells with the test compound for 72 hours. As a result of the study, isoliquiritigenin showed a dose-dependent antiproliferative effect on human tumor lines PC-3, MCF-7 in the concentration range 10–4–2,5×10–5 mol/l.
REACTION OF CD68-POSITIVE RAT LIVER AND SPLEEN CELLS ON SILICON INTAKE WITH DRINKING WATER
Authors: Grigoreva Evgeniia A. , Gordova Valentina S. , Sergeeva Valentina E. , Smorodchenko Alina T.
Published: June 2021

The article presents data on the long-term effect (nine months) of a silicon compound supplied with drinking water – nonahydrate sodium metasilicate (10 mg/l in terms of silicon), on CD68-positive macrophages in the liver and spleen of laboratory rats. Changes in the morphological characteristics of this cell population were found. There was a decrease in the average cell area (in the liver of the control group of rats, the average macrophage area was 179.23±5.94 microns2, and in the group receiving silicon with drinking water – 117.04±3.35 microns2; in the spleen-136.02±3.93 microns2 and 103.44±2.8 microns2, respectively). Macrophages in the liver preparations of the experimental group of rats had a fewer processes and a darker cytoplasmic membrane. The number of macrophages in the liver per unit area was comparable, for the control group of rats it was 18.78±1.24, and for the rats that received with water with the addition of silicon – 19.41±0.75 cells. CD68+ macrophages of the red splenic pulp in laboratory rats that received silicon also underwent the following morphological changes: they were located in a denser way and had fewer processes, while the number of macrophages per unit area was 73.7±2.3 for the control group, 91.6±5.0-for the experimental group, respectively. The distance between them did not change. There was a change in the intensity of CD68 expression on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytoplasm of liver and spleen macrophages. These changes can be interpreted as the adaptive ability of liver and spleen macrophages to silicon introduced with drinking water. Given the heterogeneity of the macrophage population in the liver and spleen, further studies using markers for different subpopulations of macrophages are needed to clarify their role in the response of tissues to silicon supplied with drinking water.
PHOTOBIOMODULATION METHOD IN THE TREATMENT OF MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME: NARRATIVE OVERVIEW
Authors: Belova Anna N. , Bavrina Anna P. , Litvinova Natalia Yu. , Bespalova Anna V. , Israelyan Yuliya A. , Sushin Viliyam O. , Rezenova Anastasiya V. , Shabanova Maria A.
Published: June 2021

Myofascial pain is one of the most common variants of chronic musculoskeletal pain, which significantly reduces the patients' life quality, prevents active kinesitherapy and is difficult to treat. A promising method of therapy for myofascial pain syndrome (MFBS) is the photobiomodulation method (FBM), which uses non-ionizing light sources (lasers, LEDs) and radiation in the visible, infrared and near-infrared spectral ranges for therapeutic purposes. The review briefly discusses the general understanding of FBM and the results of studies on the effectiveness of FBM in MFBS, it discusses possible mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of low-intensity optical radiation and the need to choose the optimal exposure parameters. Efficacy, non-invasiveness and safety enable to use FBM in elderly patients.
NEUTRALIZATION OF ANGIOPOIETIN-2 AND VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES
Authors: Shamitova Elena N. , Matkov Konstantin G. , Shikhranova Darya D. , Abdullin Ramis R.
Published: June 2021

New blood vessels in organs and tissues are formed by angiogenesis, which can take place both in the normal condition and in tumour growth. Angiogenesis supports the strength and integrity of the connections in blood vessel endothelial cells with each other and with the basement membrane. This ensures nutrition of tissues and organs, saturation with oxygen, macronutrients and micronutrients. Along with this, angiogenesis contributes to timely elimination of metabolic products. Metastatic spreading and tumor growth are supported by uncontrolled angiogenesis, that is why it is important to study the works dedicated to neutralization of angiogenesis factors, which becomes a method of combating various oncological diseases and other pathologies. The aim of this work was to study the information about modern drugs, including those at the stage of clinical trials, capable of neutralizing angiopoietin-2 – an inhibitor of angiogenesis and vascular growth factor (VEGF) – an angiogenesis activator, to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various doses of drugs in various pathologies, to analyze the current state of studying tumor angiogenesis, achievements and prospects for the use of antiangiogenic drugs in oncological practice. The main focus was on the role of angiogenesis inhibitors and activators. To construct and structure the meta-analysis, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, searching works in open Internet resources such as PubMed, CyberLeninka, PsycINFO, Elibrary, published in the period from January 1, 2016 to March 31, 2021, devoted to studies on the effectiveness of drugs aimed at neutralizing angiopoietin-2 and VEGF. Conference materials and dissertations were analyzed to obtain additional data on research in this area.
Investigation of the Anatomical Structure of Cervix uteri, Corpus uteri and Cornu uteri in Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: KIRBAŞ DOĞAN Gülseren , KURU Mushap
Published: June 2021

The Red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest of the true foxes and the most abundant wild member of the carnivora. This study aimed to determine the anatomical structure of the cervix uteri, corpus uteri and cornu uteri of the Red foxes. Animals that were taken to the Kafkas University Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center, Kars, Turkey, because of various reasons, such as traffic accidents and firearm injuries, were used. The uterus of four Red foxes of similar ages, which could not be rescued by the Center despite all interventions, were dissected. Measurements were taken from the cervix uteri, corpus uteri and right-left cornu uteri using digital calipers. The weights of each organ section were measured using a precision scale. The mean length of the cervix uteri 11.54 ± 1.56 mm, width was 4.46 ± 0.52 mm, thickness was 5.18 ± 0.08 mm, and weight was 1.18 ± 0.04 g. The mean length of the corpus uteri was 20.68 ± 3.06 mm, width was 2.88 ± 0.50 mm, thickness was 2.22 ± 0.19 mm, and weight was 0.90 ± 0.01 g. The mean length of the cornu uteri was 79.85 ± 0.86 mm, width was 4.85 ± 0.79 mm, thickness was 4.33 ± 0.18 mm, and weight was 2.33 ± 0.12 g. In conclusion, information about the uterus of the female genital track of the Red foxes, was given in this study. We believe that the findings of this study may be useful for surgical and gynecological operations to be performed in red foxes and studies to be conducted on this subject.