bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrasensitive analysis of microRNAs with gold nanoparticle-decorated molybdenum disulfide nanohybrid-based multilayer nanoprobes
Authors: Su Shao , Sun Qian , Ma Jianfeng , Zhu Dan , Wang Fei , Chao Jie , Fan Chunhai , Li Qian , Wang Lianhui
Published: July 2020

MoS2–AuNP-based multilayer nanoprobes are used to ultrasensitively detect microRNA-21 with ultrawide dynamic range and ultralow detection limit.
A tropylium annulated N-heterocyclic carbene
Authors: Appel Sebastian , Brüggemann Peter , Ganter Christian
Published: July 2020

Derivatives of the cationic tropylium annulated imidazolylidene ITrop+ are obtained by hydride abstraction from related cycloheptatriene compounds.
Mn-Doped black phosphorene for ultrasensitive hydrogen sulfide detection: periodic DFT calculations
Authors: Ghadiri Mahdi , Ghashghaee Mohammad , Ghambarian Mehdi
Published: July 2020

A drastic improvement in both the electrical conductance and work function sensitivities of black phosphorus monolayer to H2S through Mn doping is reported. The operation of the modified nanosensor is more promising than for the pristine material.
On the photophysics of electrochemically generated silver nanoclusters: spectroscopic and theoretical characterization
Authors: Taccone Martín I. , Fernández Ricardo A. , Molina Franco L. , Gustín Ignacio , Sánchez Cristián G. , Dassie Sergio A. , Pino Gustavo A.
Published: July 2020

We analyzed the photophysics of a mixture of electrochemically synthesized AgNCs by deconvolution of the emission and excitation spectra, together with theoretical calculations.
Structural and magnetic properties of a defective graphene buffer layer grown on SiC(0001): a DFT study
Authors: Huelmo C. Pereyra , Menezes Marcos G. , Capaz Rodrigo B. , Denis Pablo A.
Published: July 2020

Understanding the role of defects in the magnetic properties of the graphene buffer layer (BL) grown on substrates should be important to provide hints for manufacturing future graphene-based spintronic devices in a controlled fashion.
The carbon and oxygen K-edge NEXAFS spectra of CO+
Authors: Couto Rafael C. , Kjellsson Ludvig , Ågren Hans , Carravetta Vincenzo , Sorensen Stacey L. , Kubin Markus , Bülow Christine , Timm Martin , Zamudio-Bayer Vicente , von Issendorff Bernd , Lau J. Tobias , Söderström Johan , Rubensson Jan-Erik , Lindblad Rebecka
Published: July 2020

We present and analyze high resolution near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of CO+ at the carbon and oxygen K-edges.
Protein crystals as a key for deciphering macromolecular crowding effects on biological reactions
Authors: Ferreira Cecília , Pinto Maria Filipa , Macedo-Ribeiro Sandra , Pereira Pedro José Barbosa , Rocha Fernando Alberto , Martins Pedro Miguel
Published: July 2020

Polymeric crowders induce volume exclusion effects that (i) cannot be reproduced using equivalent concentrations of monomeric crowder and (ii) are accurately measured using the protein crystallization method.
Polyoxometalates acting as a hole-transfer mediator and crystallization accelerant in a perovskite photoanode for the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of benzene into phenol
Authors: Fang Wencheng , Yan Dandan , Tao Ran , Sun Zhixia , Li Fengyan , Xu Lin
Published: July 2020

Two kinds of polyoxometalates, PW12and CoPOM, were employed to modify the organic metal halide perovskite photoanode for enhancing the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of benzene into phenol.
Ultra-high sensitivity of multicolor Sm3+-doped LiSrVO4 phosphors for contactless optical thermometers
Authors: Du Peng , Hou Yafei , Li Weiping , Luo Laihui
Published: July 2020

Multicolor Sm3+-doped LiSrVO4 phosphors with ultra-high Sa and Sr values of 1.076 K−1 and 6.167% K−1, respectively, are promising candidates for contactless thermometers.
Photo-physical, theoretical and photo-cytotoxic evaluation of a new class of lanthanide(iii)–curcumin/diketone complexes for PDT application
Authors: Musib Dulal , Pal Mrityunjoy , Raza Md Kausar , Roy Mithun
Published: July 2020

Improved ISC in La(iii) complex of curcumin, on activation with visible light, has resulted in high yield of 1O2 in HeLa/MCF-7 cells, leading to the oxidative stress which was responsible for remarkable caspase 3/7-dependent apoptotic photocytotoxicity.
Aromatic organic molecular crystal with enhanced π–π stacking interaction for ultrafast Zn-ion storage
Authors: Zhang Haozhe , Fang Yuanbin , Yang Fan , Liu Xiaoqing , Lu Xihong
Published: July 2020

π–π stacking interaction is enhanced to promote ion transportation in an aromatic organic molecular crystal host for ultrafast Zn-ion storage.
Organocatalytic esterification of corn starches towards enhanced thermal stability and moisture resistance
Authors: Imre Balázs , Vilaplana Francisco
Published: July 2020

Heterogeneous organocatalytic esterification of corn starch offers a sustainable alternative to conventional harsh alkaline methods resulting in enhanced thermal and moisture sensitivity.
An environmentally sustainable biomimetic production of cyclic disulfide-rich peptides
Authors: Yap Kuok , Du Junqiao , Looi Fong Yang , Tang Shyn Ric , de Veer Simon J. , Bony Anuja R. , Rehm Fabian B. H. , Xie Jing , Chan Lai Yue , Wang Conan K. , Adams David J. , Lua Linda H. L. , Durek Thomas , Craik David J.
Published: July 2020

An environmentally sustainable production platform for a variety of correctly folded cyclic disulfide-rich peptides with enhanced yields.
Anin vivomicrofluidic study of bacterial transit inC. elegansnematodes
Authors: Viri Vittorio , Cornaglia Matteo , Atakan Huseyin Baris , Lehnert Thomas , Gijs Martin A. M.
Published: July 2020

A microfluidic device for studying bacterial transit dynamics in the intestine ofCaenorhabditis elegans.
Diffraction-based acoustic manipulation in microchannels enables continuous particle and bacteria focusing
Authors: Devendran Citsabehsan , Choi Kyungyong , Han Jongyoon , Ai Ye , Neild Adrian , Collins David J.
Published: July 2020

We explore a unique diffractive acoustic phenomenon arising from a surface acoustic wave and channel elements, which we term diffractive acoustic surface acoustic waves (DASAW), which can be applied robustly for all channel orientations.
Perylene diimide-based supramolecular polymer with temperature-sensitive ratiometric fluorescence responsiveness in solution and gels
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhang Yubing , Zhang Chonghua , Zhang Peisheng , Zeng Rongjin , Cui Jiaxi , Chen Jian
Published: July 2020

The quadruple hydrogen bonding UPy units are designed to conjugate with unsubstituted PDI to exhibit bright red emission in aggregated state, together with temperature-dependent ratiometric fluorescence property in solution and hydrogels.
Hierarchical core–shell heterostructure of H2O-oxidized ZnO nanorod@Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticle for solar cell applications
Authors: Pelicano Christian Mark , Raifuku Itaru , Ishikawa Yasuaki , Uraoka Yukiharu , Yanagi Hisao
Published: July 2020

Strategic design of hierarachical core–shell heterostructure of H2O-oxidized ZnO nanorod@Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced charge-transport capabilities for optoelectronic devices.
Ferromagnetic dual topological insulator in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice
Authors: Wang Hao , Mao Ning , Niu Chengwang , Shen Shiying , Whangbo Myung-Hwan , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying
Published: July 2020

Magnetic topological insulators (TIs), including the quantum anomalous Hall effect and antiferromagnetic TIs, have attracted significant attention owing to the exotic properties they give rise to, however, ferromagnetic TIs with gapless surface/edge states and a nonzero topological invariant have not been reported so far.
Salicylaldehyde thiosemicarbazone copper complexes: impact of hybridization with estrone on cytotoxicity, solution stability and redox activity
Authors: Petrasheuskaya Tatsiana V. , Kiss Márton A. , Dömötör Orsolya , Holczbauer Tamás , May Nóra V. , Spengler Gabriella , Kincses Annamária , Čipak Gašparović Ana , Frank Éva , Enyedy Éva A.
Published: July 2020

Copper complex of a novel estrone–thiosemicarbazone hybrid with significant cytotoxicity, lipophilicity and solution stability in addition to its structurally related bicyclic analogue.
Droplet-oriented construction of porous metal oxide hollow microspheres and their assembly into superstructures
Authors: Zhu Peihan , Tian Peng , Gao Tingting , Pang Hongchang , Ye Junwei , Ning Guiling
Published: July 2020

A facile method for the construction of metal oxide hollow microspheres based on a droplet-oriented strategy has been developed.
Synthesis of (+/−)-Pregabalin and its novel lipophilic β-alkyl-substituted analogues from fatty chains
Authors: D’Oca Caroline Da Ros Montes , Mass Eduardo Bustos , Ongaratto Renata Fontes , de Andrade Arthur Motta , D’Oca Marcelo G. Montes , Russowsky Dennis
Published: July 2020

In this work, were synthesized for the first time a series of new lipophilic β-alkyl substituted GABA derivatives from fatty alkyl chains.
An efficient room-temperature liquefied petroleum gas sensor based on trirutile copper antimonate nano-polygons
Authors: Singh Satyendra , Singh Archana , Singh Ajendra , Tandon Poonam
Published: July 2020

A new direction to copper antimonate nano-polygons as an efficient LPG sensing material.
Expression of concern: Metal- and catalyst-free, one-pot, three-component synthesis of propargylamines in magnetized water: experimental aspects and molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Shore Andrew
Published: July 2020

Expression of concern for ‘Metal- and catalyst-free, one-pot, three-component synthesis of propargylamines in magnetized water: experimental aspects and molecular dynamics simulation’ by Mohammad Bakherad et al., New J. Chem., 2018, 42, 4559–4566, DOI: 10.1039/C7NJ03471G.
Vibrational optical activity for structural characterization of natural products
Authors: Polavarapu Prasad L. , Santoro Ernesto
Published: July 2020

This review presents the recent progress towards elucidating the structures of chiral natural products and applications using vibrational optical activity (VOA) spectroscopy.
Gold nanoparticles change small extracellular vesicle attributes of mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Hao Fang , Ku Tingting , Yang Xiaoxi , Liu Qian S. , Zhao Xingchen , Faiola Francesco , Zhou Qunfang , Jiang Guibin
Published: July 2020

The treatment with AuNP-5 altered the physiochemical properties and functions of sEVs secreted from mESCs.
N-Methyl-β-carboline alkaloids: structure-dependent photosensitizing properties and localization in subcellular domains
Authors: Denofrio M. Paula , Rasse-Suriani Federico A. O. , Paredes Jose M. , Fassetta Federico , Crovetto Luis , Giron Maria D. , Salto Rafael , Epe Bernd , Cabrerizo Franco M.
Published: July 2020

Methylation at the N(2) nitrogen atom of β-carbolines: the key to fine-tuning their interaction with DNA and the cellular uptake dynamics.
Applications of Cu(0) encapsulated nanocatalysts as superior catalytic systems in Cu-catalyzed organic transformations
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Heidari Bahareh , Zadsirjan Vahideh , Mohammadi Leila
Published: July 2020

In this review, the catalytic activity of encapsulated Cu-NPs in different important organic transformations is compared with those of a variety of organic, inorganic and hybrid porous materials bearing a traded metal ion.
Detection of anabolic steroidsviacyclodextrin-promoted fluorescence modulation
Authors: Haynes Anna Z. , Levine Mindy
Published: July 2020

Reported herein is the detection of anabolic steroids through the use of cyclodextrin-promoted interactions between the analyte and a high quantum yield fluorophore, which leads to analyte-specific changes in the fluorophore emission signal.
A novel catalytic kinetic method for the determination of mercury(ii) in water samples
Authors: Agarwal Abhinav , Verma Amit Kumar , Yoshida Masafumi , Naik Radhey Mohan , Prasad Surendra
Published: July 2020

Mercury(ii) ions act as catalyst in the substitution of cyanide ion in hexacyanoruthenate(ii) by pyrazine (Pz) in an acidic medium.
Onium salts improve the kinetics of photopolymerization of acrylate activated with visible light
Authors: Kabatc Janina , Iwińska Katarzyna , Balcerak Alicja , Kwiatkowska Dominika , Skotnicka Agnieszka , Czech Zbigniew , Bartkowiak Marcin
Published: July 2020

The chemical mechanisms were investigated by steady state photolysis and nanosecond laser flash photolysis experiments. A mechanism for initiating polymerization using both onium salts is proposed here.
Air-processed active-layer of organic solar cells investigated by conducting AFM for precise defect detection
Authors: S. Anjusree , K. R. Arya , Das Bikas C.
Published: July 2020

Current imaging by C-AFM is demonstrated as a very effective tool to probe the defects in the organic solar cell active layer.
Two decades of the synthesis of mono- and bis-aminomercapto[1,2,4]triazoles
Authors: Riyadh Sayed M. , Gomha Sobhi M.
Published: July 2020

4-Amino-5-mercapto[1,2,4]triazole and its 3-substituted derivatives have proven to be of biological interest and provide access to a new class of biologically active heterocyclic compounds for biomedical applications.
Consensus virtual screening of dark chemical matter and food chemicals uncover potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease
Authors: Santibáñez-Morán Marisa G. , López-López Edgar , Prieto-Martínez Fernando D. , Sánchez-Cruz Norberto , Medina-Franco José L.
Published: July 2020

As part of a global effort to identify drug candidates for the treatment of COVID-19, herein, we report small molecules commercially available selected from a consensus virtual screening strategy.
Deoxygenative α-alkylation and α-arylation of 1,2-dicarbonyls
Authors: Jin Shengfei , Dang Hang T. , Haug Graham C. , Nguyen Viet D. , Arman Hadi D. , Larionov Oleg V.
Published: July 2020

α-Branched carboxylic acids and other carbonyls are readily accessed by a metal- and base-free deoxygenative α-alkylation and α-arylation of 1,2-dicarbonyls via boron enolates, resulting in a tricomponent coupling with unconventional electrophiles.
Finite size effects in critical fiber networks
Authors: Arzash Sadjad , Shivers Jordan L. , MacKintosh Fred C.
Published: July 2020

When subjected to shear strain, underconstrained spring networks undergo a floppy to rigid phase transition. We study the finite-size scaling behavior of this mechanical transition.
Maximizing piezoelectricity by self-assembled highly porous perovskite–polymer composite films to enable the internet of things
Authors: Khan Asif Abdullah , Rana Md Masud , Huang Guangguang , Mei Nanqin , Saritas Resul , Wen Boyu , Zhang Steven , Voss Peter , Rahman Eihab-Abdel , Leonenko Zoya , Islam Shariful , Ban Dayan
Published: July 2020

A high-performance perovskite/polymer piezoelectric nanogenerator for next generation self-powered wireless micro/nanodevices.
An asymmetrical fused-ring electron acceptor designed by a cross-conceptual strategy achieving 15.6% efficiency
Authors: Gao Wei , Ma Xiaoling , An Qiaoshi , Gao Jinhua , Zhong Cheng , Zhang Fujun , Yang Chuluo
Published: July 2020

An asymmetrical acceptor AY6 was designed by combining the advantages of IT6-4F and Y6. Amorphous AY6 interacting with PM6 forms a perfect face-on orientation with strong π–π stacking, achieving not only a high PCE but also a high FF.
Iron vacancies and surface modulation of iron disulfide nanoflowers as a high power/energy density cathode for ultralong-life stable Li storage
Authors: Xi Yonglan , Ye Xiaomei , Duan Shaorong , Li Tie , Zhang Jing , Jia Lujie , Yang Jin , Wang Jian , Liu Haitao , Xiao Qingbo
Published: July 2020

Flower-like iron disulfides with cation vacancies on heteroatom-doped hierarchical nanocarbon help achieve simultaneous stable long lifespan at high power density.
Conductive graphene-based E-textile for highly sensitive, breathable, and water-resistant multimodal gesture-distinguishable sensors
Authors: Hu Xurui , Huang Tao , Liu Zhiduo , Wang Gang , Chen Da , Guo Qinglei , Yang Siwei , Jin Zhiwen , Lee Jong-Min , Ding Guqiao
Published: July 2020

Graphene E-textile exhibits excellent electrical conductivity, breathability, and washability. The application of a graphene E-textile on a wearable remote-control system by sewing the pressure sensors into the five fingers of a glove to invoke a human–machine interaction.
Functionalised hexagonal boron nitride for energy conversion and storage
Authors: Han Rui , Liu Feng , Wang Xuefei , Huang Minghong , Li Wenxian , Yamauchi Yusuke , Sun Xudong , Huang Zhenguo
Published: July 2020

This review highlights recent research advances in functionalised hexagonal boron nitride for energy conversion and storage applications.
Stabilizing the cationic/anionic redox chemistry of Li-rich layered cathodes by tuning the upper cut-off voltage for high energy-density lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Hou Peiyu , Li Feng , Zhang Haiyan , Huang Haitao
Published: July 2020

The reversibility of cationic/anionic redox chemistries is significantly improved for the Li-rich layered oxides at a low upper cut-off voltage of 4.5 V (vs. Li/Li+).
Facile design of autogenous stimuli-responsive chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles for efficient small molecules to protein delivery
Authors: Sabourian Parinaz , Ji Jeff , Lotocki Victor , Moquin Alexandre , Hanna Ramez , Frounchi Masoud , Maysinger Dusica , Kakkar Ashok
Published: July 2020

Chitosan is functionalized with oxidative stress-sensitive thioketal entities in a one-pot methodology, and self-assembled into drugs or protein loaded dual stimuli responsive nanoparticles, which kill glioblastoma cells and increase nerve outgrowth.
Nanoclay-based drug delivery systems and their therapeutic potentials
Authors: Khatoon Nafeesa , Chu Mao Quan , Zhou Chun Hui
Published: July 2020

Natural and modified nanostructured clay minerals as drug carriers and support matrices for drug delivery, cancer therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering.
AIE-active metal–organic frameworks: facile preparation, tunable light emission, ultrasensitive sensing of copper(ii) and visual fluorescence detection of glucose
Authors: Xie Siqi , Liu Qi , Zhu Fawei , Chen Miao , Wang Lumin , Xiong Yu , Zhu Yuqiu , Zheng Yu , Chen Xiaoqing
Published: July 2020

A series of LMOFs with AIE and ESIPT properties, tunable emissions and large Stokes shifts has been facilely synthesized by binding AIEgens with nanoscale ZIF-8 to realize sensitive sensing of copper(ii) and visual fluorescence detection of glucose.
A porous and air gap elastomeric dielectric layer for wearable capacitive pressure sensor with high sensitivity and a wide detection range
Authors: Li Wei , Jin Xin , Zheng Yide , Chang Xudong , Wang Wenyu , Lin Tong , Zheng Fan , Onyilagha Obiora , Zhu Zhengtao
Published: July 2020

Capacitive sensor combining highly porous PDMS and rough polypyrrole electrodes improves the device range and sensitivity.
Pyrolysis study of solution-derived superconducting YBa2Cu3O7films: disentangling the physico-chemical transformations
Authors: Villarejo Bohores , Pop Cornelia , Ricart Sussagna , Mundet Bernat , Palau Anna , Roura-Grabulosa Pere , Farjas Jordi , Puig Teresa , Obradors Xavier
Published: July 2020

Pyrolysis transformations, wrinkling and cracking, of thick solution-derived epitaxial superconducting YBa2Cu3O7films are disclosed throughin situanalytical studies.
Prolonged and efficient near-infrared photoluminescence of a sensitized organic ytterbium-containing molecular composite
Authors: Lyu Chen , Li Hongfei , Wyatt Peter B. , Gillin William P. , Ye Huanqing
Published: July 2020

A novel approach to sharp and persist NIR luminescence at 1 μm wavelength.
Understanding Marangoni flow-driven solidification of polymer semiconducting films on an aqueous substrate
Authors: Choi Giheon , Lee Kanghuck , Oh Seungtaek , Seo Jungyoon , Kim Cheulhwan , An Tae Kyu , Lee Jihoon , Lee Hwa Sung
Published: July 2020

Marangoni flow-driven solidification of a polymer semiconducting film on an aqueous base media can be effectively controlled through spreading coefficient.
Surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy using silver selenide quantum dots
Authors: Pereira Claudete F. , Viegas Isabelle M. A. , Souza Sobrinha Izabel G. , Pereira Goreti , Pereira Giovannia A. L. , Krebs Patrick , Mizaikoff Boris
Published: July 2020

Silver selenide quantum dots in aqueous suspension for amplifying the infrared signature of dye molecules and multivariate enhancement factor.
Identification and validation of the phosphorylation sites on Aristaless-related homeobox protein
Authors: Shi Xiuyu , Lin Wenbo , Gao Xiang , Xie Wen , Golden Jeffrey A. , Tao Tao
Published: July 2020

The Aristaless-related homeobox protein (ARX) is a transcription factor expressed in the developing forebrain, skeletal muscle, pancreas, testis, and a variety of other tissues. It is known to have context-dependent transcriptional activator and repressor activity, although how it can achieve these opposing functions remains poorly understood. We hypothesized phosphorylation status might play a role in pivoting ARX between functioning as an activator or repressor. To gain further mechanistic insight as to how ARX functions, we identified multiple phosphorylation sites on ARX. We further established PKA as the kinase that phosphorylates ARX at least at Ser266 in mice. Two other kinases, CK2α and CDK4/cyclin D1, were also identified as kinases that phosphorylate ARX in vitro. Unexpectedly, phosphorylation status did not change either the nuclear localization or transcriptional function of ARX.
Airway epithelial integrin β4 suppresses allergic inflammation by decreasing CCL17 production
Authors: Yuan Lin , Zhang Xun , Yang Ming , Du Xizi , Wang Leyuan , Wu Shuangyan , Wu Mengping , Duan Zhen , Xiao Gelei , Zou Yizhou , Xiang Yang , Qu Xiangping , Liu Huijun , Qin Ling , Qin Qingwu , Qin Xiaoqun , Liu Chi
Published: July 2020

Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a key role in asthma susceptibility and severity. Integrin β4 (ITGB4) is a structural adhesion molecule that is down-regulated in the airway epithelium of asthma patients. Although a few studies hint toward the role of ITGB4 in asthmatic inflammation pathogenesis, their specific resultant effects remain unexplored. In the present study, we determined the role of ITGB4 of AECs in the regulation of Th2 response and identified the underpinning molecular mechanisms. We found that ITGB4 deficiency led to exaggerated lung inflammation and AHR with higher production of CCL17 in house dust mite (HDM)-treated mice. ITGB4 regulated CCL17 production in AECs through EGFR, ERK and NF-κB pathways. EFGR-antagonist treatment or the neutralization of CCL17 both inhibited exaggerated pathological marks in HDM-challenged ITGB4-deficient mice. Together, these results demonstrated the involvement of ITGB4 deficiency in the development of Th2 responses of allergic asthma by down-regulation of EGFR and CCL17 pathway in AECs.
Greater high-mobility group box 1 in male compared with female spontaneously hypertensive rats worsens renal ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Mohamed Riyaz , Rafikova Olga , O’Connor Paul M. , Sullivan Jennifer C.
Published: July 2020

Renal ischemia is the most common cause of acute kidney injury. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) initiate an inflammatory response and contribute to ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury in males, yet the contribution of DAMPs to IR injury in females is unknown. The goal of the current study was to test the hypothesis that males have greater increases in the DAMP high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), worsening injury compared with females. Thirteen-week-old male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were subjected to sham or 45-min warm bilateral ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion before measurement of HMGB1 and renal function. Additional SHR were pre-treated with control (IgG) or HMGB1 neutralizing antibody (300 µg/rat) 1 h prior to renal ischemia. Blood, urine and kidneys were harvested 24 h post-IR for histological and Western blot analyses. Initial studies confirmed that IR resulted in greater increases in renal HMGB1 in male SHR compared with females. Greater renal HMGB1 in male SHR post-IR resulted in greater increases in serum TNF-α and renal IL-1β, neutrophil infiltration and tubular cell death. Neutralization of HMGB1 attenuated IR-induced increases in plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), inflammation, tubular damage and tubular cell death only in male SHR. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that there is a sex difference in the contribution of HMGB1 to IR-induced injury, where males exhibit greater increases in HMGB1-mediated renal injury in response to IR compared with females.
High-energy characteristics of the accretion-powered millisecond pulsar IGR J17591−2342 during its 2018 outburst
Authors: Kuiper L. , Tsygankov S. S. , Falanga M. , Mereminskiy I. A. , Galloway D. K. , Poutanen J. , Li Z.
Published: July 2020

IGR J17591−2342 is an accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar, discovered with INTEGRAL, which went into outburst around July 21, 2018. To better understand the physics acting in these systems during the outburst episode, we performed detailed temporal-, timing-, and spectral analyses across the 0.3–300 keV band using data from NICER,XMM-Newton,NuSTAR, and INTEGRAL. The hard X-ray 20–60 keV outburst profile covering ∼85 days is composed of four flares. Over the course of the maximum of the last flare, we discovered a type-I thermonuclear burst in INTEGRAL JEM-X data, posing constraints on the source distance. We derived a distance of 7.6 ± 0.7 kpc, adopting Eddington-limited photospheric radius expansion and assuming anisotropic emission. In the timing analysis, using all NICER 1–10 keV monitoring data, we observed a rather complex set of behaviours starting with a spin-up period (MJD 58345–58364), followed by a frequency drop (MJD 58364–58370), an episode of constant frequency (MJD 58370–58383), concluded by irregular behaviour till the end of the outburst. The 1–50 keV phase distributions of the pulsed emission, detected up to ∼120 keV using INTEGRAL ISGRI data, was decomposed in three Fourier harmonics showing that the pulsed fraction of the fundamental increases from ∼10% to ∼17% going from ∼1.5 to ∼4 keV, while the harder photons arrive earlier than the soft photons for energies ≲10 keV. The total emission spectrum of IGR J17591−2342 across the 0.3–150 keV band could adequately be fitted in terms of an absorbedCOMPPS model yielding as best fit parameters a column density ofNH = (2.09 ± 0.05) × 1022cm−2, a blackbody seed photon temperaturekTbb, seedof 0.64 ± 0.02 keV, electron temperaturekTe = 38.8 ± 1.2 keV and Thomson optical depthτT = 1.59 ± 0.04. The fit normalisation results in an emission area radius of 11.3 ± 0.5 km adopting a distance of 7.6 kpc. Finally, the results are discussed within the framework of accretion physics- and X-ray thermonuclear burst theory.
Bars formed in galaxy merging and their classification with deep learning
Authors: Cavanagh M. K. , Bekki K.
Published: July 2020

Context. Stellar bars are a common morphological feature of spiral galaxies. While it is known that they can form in isolation, or be induced tidally, few studies have explored the production of stellar bars in galaxy merging. We look to investigate bar formation in galaxy merging using methods from deep learning to analyse our N-body simulations.

Aims. The primary aim is to determine the constraints on the mass ratio and orientations of merging galaxies that are most conducive to bar formation. We further aim to explore whether it is possible to classify simulated barred spiral galaxies based on the mechanism of their formation. We test the feasibility of this new classification schema with simulated galaxies.

Methods. Using a set of 29 400 images obtained from our simulations, we first trained a convolutional neural network to distinguish between barred and non-barred galaxies. We then tested the network on simulations with different mass ratios and spin angles. We adapted the core neural network architecture for use with our additional aims.

Results. We find that a strong inverse relationship exists between the mass ratio and the number of bars produced. We also identify two distinct phases in the bar formation process; (1) the initial, tidally induced formation pre-merger and (2) the destruction and/or regeneration of the bar during and after the merger.

Conclusions. Mergers with low mass ratios and closely-aligned orientations are considerably more conducive to bar formation compared to equal-mass mergers. We demonstrate the flexibility of our deep learning approach by showing it is feasible to classify bars based on their formation mechanism.
Evolutionary study of complex organic molecules in high-mass star-forming regions
Authors: Coletta A. , Fontani F. , Rivilla V. M. , Mininni C. , Colzi L. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Beltrán M. T.
Published: July 2020

We have studied four complex organic molecules (COMs), the oxygen-bearing methyl formate (CH3OCHO) and dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) as well as the nitrogen-bearing formamide (NH2CHO) and ethyl cyanide (C2H5CN), towards a large sample of 39 high-mass star-forming regions representing different evolutionary stages, from early to evolved phases. We aim to identify potential correlations and chemical links between the molecules and to trace their evolutionary sequence through the star formation process. We analysed spectra obtained at 3, 2, and 0.9 mm with the IRAM-30m telescope. We derived the main physical parameters for each species by fitting the molecular lines. We compared them and evaluated their evolution while also taking several other interstellar environments into account. We report detections in 20 sources, revealing a clear dust absorption effect on column densities. Derived abundances range between ~ 10−10−10−7for CH3OCHO and CH3OCH3, ~ 10−12−10−10for NH2CHO, and ~ 10−11−10−9for C2H5CN. The abundances of CH3OCHO, CH3OCH3, and C2H5CN are very strongly correlated (r≥ 0.92) across ~ 4 orders of magnitude. We note that CH3OCHO and CH3OCH3show the strongest correlations in most parameters, and a nearly constant ratio (~ 1) over a remarkable ~ 9 orders of magnitude in luminosity for the following wide variety of sources: pre-stellar to evolved cores, low- to high-mass objects, shocks, Galactic clouds, and comets. This indicates that COMs chemistry is likely early developed and then preserved through evolved phases. Moreover, the molecular abundances clearly increase with evolution, covering ~ 6 orders of magnitude in the luminosity/mass ratio. We consider CH3OCHO and CH3OCH3to be most likely chemically linked. They could, for example, share a common precursor, or be formed one from the other. Based on correlations, ratios, and the evolutionary trend, we propose a general scenario for all COMs, involving a formation in the cold, earliest phases of star formation and a following increasing desorption with the progressive thermal and shock-induced heating of the evolving core.
The circumstellar environment of EX Lupi: SPHERE and SINFONI views
Authors: Rigliaco E. , Gratton R. , Kóspál Á. , Mesa D. , D’Orazi V. , Ábrahám P. , Desidera S. , Ginski C. , van Holstein R. G. , Dominik C. , Garufi A. , Henning T. , Menard F. , Zurlo A. , Baruffolo A. , Maurel D. , Blanchard P. , Weber L.
Published: July 2020

Context. EX Lup is a well-studied T Tauri star that represents the prototype of young eruptive stars known as EXors. They are characterized by repetitive outbursts that are due to enhanced accretion from the circumstellar disk onto the star. In this paper, we analyze new adaptive optics imaging and spectroscopic observations to study EX Lup and its circumstellar environment in near-infrared in its quiescent phase.

Aims. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the circumstellar environment around EX Lup in quiescence, building upon the vast store of data provided by the literature.

Methods. We observed EX Lup in quiescence with the high contrast imager SPHERE/IRDIS in the dual-beam polarimetric imaging mode to resolve the circumstellar environment in near-infrared scattered light. We complemented the data with earlier SINFONI spectroscopy, which was also taken in quiescence.

Results. We resolve, for the first time in scattered light, a compact feature around EX Lup azimuthally extending from ~280° to ~360° and radially extending from ~0.3′′ to ~0.55′′ in the plane of the disk. We explore two different scenarios for the detected emission. The first one accounts for the emission as coming from the brightened walls of the cavity excavated by the outflow whose presence was suggested by ALMA observations in the J = 3−2 line of 12CO. The second attributes the emission to an inclined disk. In this latter case, we detect, for the first time, a more extended circumstellar disk in scattered light, which shows that a region between ~10 and ~30 au is depleted of μm-size grains. We compare the J-, H-, and K-band spectra obtained with SINFONI in quiescence with the spectra taken during the outburst, showing that all the emission lines result from the episodic accretion event.

Conclusions. Based on the morphology analysis, we favor the scenario that assumes the scattered light is coming from a circumstellar disk rather than the outflow around EX Lup. We determine the origin of the observed feature as either coming from a continuous circumstellar disk with a cavity, from the illuminated wall of the outer disk, or from a shadowed disk. Moreover, we discuss the potential origins of the depleted region of μm-size grains, exploring the possibility that a sub-stellar companion may be the source of this feature.
Remarks on nonlinear elastic waves with null conditions
Authors: Zha Dongbing , Peng Weimin
Published: July 2020

For the Cauchy problem of nonlinear elastic wave equations for 3D isotropic, homogeneous and hyperelastic materials with null conditions, global existence of classical solutions with small initial data was proved in R. Agemi (Invent. Math.142(2000) 225–250) and T. C. Sideris (Ann. Math.151(2000) 849–874) independently. In this paper, we will give some remarks and an alternative proof for it. First, we give the explicit variational structure of nonlinear elastic waves. Thus we can identify whether materials satisfy the null condition by checking the stored energy function directly. Furthermore, by some careful analyses on the nonlinear structure, we show that the Helmholtz projection, which is usually considered to be ill-suited for nonlinear analysis, can be in fact used to show the global existence result. We also improve the amount of Sobolev regularity of initial data, which seems optimal in the framework of classical solutions.
The basics of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS for new users of structural biology)
Authors: Jeffries Cy M. , Pietras Zuzanna , Svergun Dmitri I.
Published: July 2020

Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) provides a means to probe the time-preserved structural state(s) of bio-macromolecules in solution. As such, SANS affords the opportunity to assess the redistribution of mass, i.e., changes in conformation, which occur when macromolecules interact to form higher-order assemblies and to evaluate the structure and disposition of components within such systems. As a technique, SANS offers scope for ‘out of the box thinking’, from simply investigating the structures of macromolecules and their complexes through to where structural biology interfaces with soft-matter and nanotechnology. All of this simply rests on the way neutrons interact and scatter from atoms (largely hydrogens) and how this interaction differs from the scattering of neutrons from the nuclei of other ‘biological isotopes’. The following chapter describes the basics of neutron scattering for new users of structural biology in context of the neutron/hydrogen interaction and how this can be exploited to interrogate the structures of macromolecules, their complexes and nano-conjugates in solution.
The use of non-metal materials in the filler units of cooling towers with circulating water supply system
Authors: Dmitriev Andrey V. , Madyshev Ilnur N. , Khafizova Aliya I.
Published: July 2020

The design of cooling tower`s filler unit, consisting of inclined-corrugated contact elements, and made of polymer material, is developed and described in this research paper. The experimental studies were conducted to determine the efficiency of cooling the circulating water in the proposed cooling tower. The authors obtained the results of evaluating the heat-mass transfer efficiency coefficient of cooling tower, when changing the mass flow rates of liquid and gas phases. The research results showed that the highest efficiency of cooling the circulating water is observed at relatively low irrigation densities equal to 15-25 m3/(m2·h), while the heat-mass transfer efficiency of cooling tower achieves 72%.The use of non-metal materials as the main elements of cooling tower allows to abandon the use of chemical reagents against bacteria and microorganisms in favor of circulating water ozonation method.
Environmentally friendly technology for the modification of lubricants with graphene nanostructures
Authors: A A Alhilo Zaman , Zhumagalieva Gaukhar , Pasko Tatiana
Published: July 2020

Nanomaterials, and in particular graphene, significantly increase the basic tribological characteristics of lubricants. One of the most effective ways to quickly use laboratory results on an industrial scale is to modify traditional lubricants with graphene concentrates. The research results showed that in order to solve this problem successfully, it is necessary to create graphene concentrate and distribute it evenly over the total volume of the lubricant. It is necessary that the concentrate be prepared on the same basis as the lubricant. In the present work, previous studies on the mechanical activation and exfoliation of graphite in a core drum mill, liquid-phase shear exfoliation in a rotary apparatus with moving blades, and the homogenization of graphene nanostructures in lubricants using a rotary mixer are combined. Changes were made to the design of the main components, taking into account the use of this technology in the industry. The presented technology is environmentally friendly, since only oil and graphite are used and there are no harmful wastes that must be disposed of.
The deformability of the stress-strained concrete strips between the cracks during the short-term dynamic loading
Authors: Galyautdinov Zaur , Kumpyak Oleg , Galyautdinov Daud
Published: July 2020

The formation of non-intersecting cracks in stress-strained ferroconcrete elements leads to separation of concrete strips between the cracks. The results of the experimental research indicate a significant decrease of the durability and deformability of the stress-strained concrete strips between cracks both under static and short-term dynamic loading. At the same time physico-mechanical properties depend on the straining deformations and rebars’ inclination angle towards the cracks. The existing theoretical and experimental results evaluate only the durability of the concrete strips between the cracks. The current paper presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies on the dynamic deformability of the stress-strained discs between the cracks. The statistic analysis of the experimental data is done; on the basis of the analysis we suggest the dependencies, characterizing the deformability of the concrete strips during the short-term dynamic load depending on the level of the straining deformations and rebars’ inclination angle towards the cracks.
Study on Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Supercritical Kerosene in a Round Tube
Authors: Gao Feng , Zhang Qian , Xiao Hongyu , Chen Fengli , Xia Xuefeng
Published: July 2020

The finite volume discrete solution of the Navier-Stokes equation and the RNG model of the turbulence model are used to numerically simulate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical kerosene in a circular tube. The results show that as the inlet mass flow increases, the wall surface temperature and the central flow oil temperature gradually decrease, and the pressure loss becomes larger. As the inlet temperature increases, the wall surface temperature and the central flow oil temperature both increase. When the heat flux density is constant, as the pressure increases, the deterioration of heat transfer will be weakened, and increasing the pressure can improve the effect of convection heat transfer.
Perspektiven und Potenziale qualitativer Gesundheitsforschung. Ein
Plädoyer für interdisziplinäre
Brückenschläge
Authors: Offenberger Ursula
Published: July 2020

Um Perspektiven und Potenziale qualitativer Gesundheits- und Versorgungsforschung
aufzuzeigen, werden zunächst besondere Merkmale dieser
Forschungsrichtung erläutert, bevor auf die Bedeutung neuerer
sozialwissenschaftlicher Theorien eingegangen wird, die mit empirischen Analysen
von verschiedenen Krankheits- und Gesundheitsthemen eng verknüpft sind.
Ermöglicht wird damit ein stärker systemischer Blick auf Fragen
des Gesundheitswesens, was am Beispiel der gestiegenen Anforderungen an
Partizipation sowie der Bedeutung von Patientenorganisationen in ihrer Bedeutung
für die Planung und Gestaltung von Gesundheitsversorgung aufgezeigt
wird. Damit schließen diese Ausführungen an aktuelle Debatten in
der (qualitativen) Versorgungsforschung an und ergänzen sie um weitere
Perspektiven der sozialwissenschaftlichen Gesundheitsforschung. Ziel des
Beitrags ist dabei, den Nutzen interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit
zwischen Medizin und Sozialwissenschaften in der Forschung zu verdeutlichen, der
nicht zuletzt darin liegen kann, dass sozialwissenschaftliche
Gesundheitsforschung immer auch zeitdiagnostisch arbeitet – etwa indem
sie nach historisch spezifischen Vorstellungen des ‚guten
Patienten‘ fragt. Durch entsprechende Deutungen von
Forschungsergebnissen kann somit der Handlungs- und Reflexionsspielraum
medizinisch tätigen Personals erweitert werden, ebenso wie die Planung
von versorgungsbezogenen Interventionen neue Impulse erhalten kann. Die
Lektüre dieses Artikels soll Leserinnen und Leser zu dreierlei in die
Lage versetzen: die Bedeutung von qualitativen Methoden und von
sozialwissenschaftlichen Theorien für interdisziplinäre
Gesundheitsforschung einzuschätzen; einem Fokus von Versorgungsforschung
auf die Rolle von Patientenorganisationen und -bewegungen Bedeutung zuzumessen;
und ein Verständnis dafür zu entwickeln, dass eine weniger stark
auf instrumentellen Nutzen und auf direkte Anwendungsorientierung ausgerichtete
Gesundheitsforschung ebenfalls nützliche Perspektiverweiterungen
für die Gestaltung zukünftiger Gesundheitsversorgung
bereithalten kann.
Iatrogenic Intravascular Foreign Body Retrieval in a Neonate
Authors: Yadav Manish Kumar , Pillai Ramakrishna , Unni Madhavan , Palangadan Shaji , Jain Naveen
Published: July 2020

This is a short communication demonstrating a unique method of intravascular foreign body retrieval by grasp from inside technique in a neonate.
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Use after Total Knee Arthroplasty Improves Early Return to Function: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Klika Alison K. , Yakubek George , Piuzzi Nicholas , Calabrese Gary , Barsoum Wael K. , Higuera Carlos A.
Published: July 2020

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been reported as an effective method for quadriceps strengthening which could attenuate muscle loss in the early total knee arthroplasty (TKA) postoperative recovery period. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test whether postoperative use of NMES on TKA patients results in increased quadriceps strength and ultimately improved functional outcomes. This randomized controlled clinical trial of 66 primary TKA patients was conducted at a large academic medical center. Patients were randomized 2:1 into treatment (NMES use, n = 44) or control arm (no NMES, n = 22). Patients who used the device for an average of 200 minutes/week or more (starting 1 week postoperative and continuing through week 12) were considered compliant. Baseline measurements and outcomes were recorded at 3, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively, and included quadriceps strength, range of motion (ROM), resting pain, functional timed up and go (TUG), stair climb test, and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and veterans rand 12-item health survey (VR-12) scores. Patients in the treatment arm (NMES use) experienced quadriceps strength gains over baseline at 3, 6, and 12 weeks following surgery, which were statistically significant compared with controls with quadriceps strength losses at 3 (p = 0.050) and 6 weeks (p = 0.015). The TUG improvements for patients treated with NMES showed significant improvements at 6 (p = 0.018) and 12 weeks (p = 0.003) postoperatively. Use of a home-based application-controlled NMES therapy system added to standard of care treatment showed statistically significant improvements in quadriceps strength and TUG following TKA, supporting a quicker return to function.
Rapid Implementation of an Inpatient Telehealth Program during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hron Jonathan D. , Parsons Chase R. , Williams Lee Ann , Harper Marvin B. , Bourgeois Fabienne C.
Published: July 2020

Background Relaxation of laws and regulations around privacy and billing during the COVID-19 pandemic provide expanded opportunities to use telehealth to provide patient care at a distance. Many health systems have transitioned to providing outpatient care via telehealth; however, there is an opportunity to utilize telehealth for inpatients to promote physical distancing.

Objective This article evaluates the use of a rapidly implemented, secure inpatient telehealth program.

Methods We assembled a multidisciplinary team to rapidly design, implement, and iteratively improve an inpatient telehealth quality improvement initiative using an existing videoconferencing system at our academic medical center. We assigned each hospital bed space a unique meeting link and updated the meeting password for each new patient. Patients and families were encouraged to use their own mobile devices to join meetings when possible.

Results Within 7 weeks of go-live, we hosted 1,820 inpatient telehealth sessions (13.3 sessions per 100 bedded days). We logged 104,647 minutes of inpatient telehealth time with a median session duration of 22 minutes (range 1–1,961). There were 5,288 participant devices used with a mean of 3 devices per telehealth session (range 2–22). Clinicians found they were able to build rapport and perform a reasonable physical exam.

Conclusion We successfully implemented and scaled a secure inpatient telehealth program using an existing videoconferencing system in less than 1 week. Our implementation provided an intuitive naming convention for providers and capitalized on the broad availability of smartphones and tablets. Initial comments from clinicians suggest the system was useful; however, further work is needed to streamline initial setup for patients and families as well as care coordination to support clinician communication and workflows. Numerous use cases identified suggest a role for inpatient telehealth will remain after the COVID-19 crisis underscoring the importance of lasting regulatory reform.