bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peran Komite Madrasah Dalam Pelaksanaan Manajemen Berbasis Madrasah (MBM) di MAN 1 Pringsewu
Authors: Cahyadin Achmad Dimas , Fauzan Ahmad , Tuala Riyuzen Praja
Published: January 2023

This research is motivated by the role of the madrasah committee in implementing Madrasa-Based Management at MAN 1 Pringsewu. The role of the school committee in relation to improving the quality of education services is as a giver of consideration, support for education service activities, controller of education service activities, a liaison or hook of communication ropes between the community and the government. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, the location in this study is at MAN 1 Pringsewu and the data sources used are primary data and secondary data and there are several techniques used in collecting data, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. In this study, the authors also use triangulation techniques sources and techniques. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the role of the Madrasa committee at MAN 1 Pringsewu has carried out its role well, namely by means of the school committee as a giver of consideration in every plan and program prepared by the school, the school committee as a supporter of implementing and improving the quality of education at MAN 1 Pringsewu in the form of financial support, energy, and mental support. The school committee exercises control over decision making and education planning in schools, the school committee acts as a liaison or hook of communication between the community and the government.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Virtual Field Trip Penjernihan Air Berbasis Education for Sustainable Development Menggunakan TopWorksheets
Authors: Nurhasanah Dini , Hamdu Ghullam , Lidinillah Dindin Abdul Muiz
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan salah satu perangkat pembelajaran yaitu Elektronik Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (E-LKPD) virtual field trip penjernihan air berbasis Education for Sustainable Development menggunakan TopWorksheet. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pengembangan model 4-D dari Thiagarajan yang melalui tahap Define, Design, Development, dan Dessiminate. Dengan melibatkan ahli materi dan ahli desain, E-LKPD ini dinyatakan berada pada tingkat validitas sangat tinggi. Setelah melalui uji coba kepada 10 peserta didik kelas V, respon peserta didik menunjukkan kategori baik dan sangat baik. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan E-LKPD penjernihan air berbasis ESD dengan stimulus berupa virtual field trip yang dapat diakses di TopWorksheets.
Analisis Tes Butir Soal Guru dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 8 Palembang
Authors: Indah Mutiara , Karoma Karoma , Rusdi Amir
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan, Untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan proses pembuatan soal yangdilakukan oleh guru di SMP Negeri 8 Palembang. Untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripisikanvaliditas dan reliabilitas tes butir soal guru dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) diSMP Negeri 8 Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian mixed method dengan modelsequential sedangkan pendekatan nya menggunakan explanatory, Kemudian untuk populasi dalampenelitian ini siswa kelas VIII dan guru Agama, sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari22 siswa perwakilan dari setiap kelas VIII dan guru agama kelas VIII. Teknik pengumpulan datamenggunakan wawancara, dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data kualitatifdengan model miles huberman, sedangkan analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan uji validitas. Hasildari penelitian ini adalah penyusunan soal yang dilakukan di SMP N 8 Palembang sudah baik tetapibelum termasuk kriteria K13 yang digunakan saat ini. Butir soal instrumen pada mata pelajaranPendidikan Agama Islam yang dibuat oleh guru di SMP Negeri 8 Palembang telah memenuhi kriteriavalid yaitu dengan indeks aiken 0,86 dengan kategori mediacore (sedang). Reliabillitas pada soal tesmata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam sebesar 0,67 dalam kategori tinggi.
Implementasi Teori Belajar Humanistik pada Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Pembentukan Karakter Religius
Authors: Artika Lusita , Sukardi Ismail , Idawati Idawati
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi teori belajar humanistik pada pendidikan agama Islam serta mengetahui dampak teori belajar humanistik dalam pembentukan karakter religius. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis dan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Setelah data dikumpulkan kemudian di analisis menggunakan teknik analisis data Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, 1) Implementasi teori belajar humanistik pada pembelajaran PAI terbagi menjadi perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Pada tahap perencanaan, sebelum melaksanakan proses pembelajaran guru membuat perencanaan pembelajaran terlebih dahulu yang mana terdapat perencanaan khas Fathona yaitu menggunakan lesson plan. Pada tahap pelaksanaan, kegiatan belajar mengajar dilakukan dengan tujuh langkah pembelajaran yaitu pembukaan password, relaksasi awal pembelajaran, apersepsi pembelajaran, pretest, KBM inti, posttest, dan relaksasi akhir pembelajaran. Pada tahap evaluasi dilakukan dengan melakukan tanya jawab seputar materi pada hari itu. Siswa yang menjawab dengan benar maka akan mendapatkan bintang prestasi. Selain itu mengisi lembar keteladanan yang bisa kita terapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari serta mengisi ceklist ibadah atau perilaku terpuji yang sudah diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. 2) Adapun dampak pembelajaran yang humanis terhadap pembentukan karakter religius siswa bersifat vertical dan horizontal. Secara horizontal yakni mengawali segala kegiatan dengan bismillah, membaca doa sebelum dan sesudah belajar, menghafal surah-surah pendek, shalat dhuha dan dzuhur berjama’ah, sholat lima waktu, puasa sunnah, berdzikir serta membaca atau menyanyikan asmaul husna. Secara horizontal yakni tradisi salam sapa, sikap hormat siswa kepada guru dengan membungkukkan badan nya ketika lewat depan gurunya, tolong menolong saat teman susah, toleransi ketika ada perbedaan pendapat saat diskusi, bertanggung jawab, membantu pekerjaan orang tua, guru serta teman.
Suqutul Imam Karya Nawal El-Sya’dawi; Perempuan Dalam Pergulatan Dominasi Agama
Authors: Sholih Mohammad Badrus , Fadilah Indah
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan bagaimana problematika perempuan dalam pergulatan dominasi agama yang diterjadi akibat penafsiran ayat Al-Qur’an dengan menegasikan perempuan di dalamnya. Gambaran tersebut oleh Nawal El-Sa’dawi dituliskannya dalam novel Suqutul Imam. Baginya problem tersebut merupakan entry pointterjadinya segala bentuk penindasan terhadap perempuan di bawah lindungan agama Islam sehingga novel tersebut sebagai bentuk resistensi dan kritik terhadap fenomena yang terjadi. Asghar mengenai pembebasan perempuan bahwa penafsiran harus sesuai dengan nilai-nilai keadilan serta kemanusiaan. Dimulai dari tiga kerangka berfikir Asghar, dimana penafsiran harus bersifat normatif, interpretatif, dan terbuka sepanjang zaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menjadikan novel suqutul imam sebagai data primer penelitian. Sedangkan perspektif pembebasan perempuan Asghar dijadikan sebagai alat untuk menganalisis formasi ketimpangan terhadap perempuan akibat penafsiran dalam budaya patriarki. Hasil yang ditemukan terdapat tiga aspek penting. Pertama, agama dan dan budaya patriarki, bagaimana budaya patriarki menjadi pokok utama terjadinya penafsiran yang patriarkis. Kedua, resistensi perempuan terhadap dogmatisme agama. Resitensi yang ditunjukkan oleh Nawal merupakan usahanya untuk membebaskan perempuan.Ketiga, redefinisi Nawal terhadap perempuan untuk mencapai kesetaraan dalam berbagai bidang tatanan sosial, karena tercemarnya penafsiran-penafsiran yang bertebaran dalam agama harus direkontruksi dalam bentuknya yang baru dan membebaskan.
Valorization of the newly discovered European snake-eyed skink population (Ablepharus kitaibelii) on Stinice, Papuk Mountain in Croatia
Authors:   University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, Osijek, Croatia, Mandić Krešimir , Barišić Frano ,   Catholic primary school, Ulica pape Ivana Pavla II. 6, Požega, Croatia, Jovanović Glavaš Olga ,   University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, Osijek, Croatia
Published: January 2023

The European snake-eyed skink (Ablepharus kitaibelii) is an endangered lizard species in Croatia, limited to a very small area in Papuk Nature Park, and several localities in the town of Ilok and the surrounding area. On Mt Papuk, the species is limited to an area of the warm southern slopes of the Turjak-Mališćak-Pliš peaks, above Velika. In the year 2019, the species was documented in a new location, on Stinice. The aim of this study is to analyse morphometric measures, relative density, predatory pressure, and to determine the sustainability of this population. Data obtained were compared with the previous research into the European snake-eyed skink on Turjak, the most researched European snake-eyed skink site on Papuk so far. The population on Stinice has lower density, and is under higher predatory pressure than the population on Turjak. Also, there are differences in some morphometric measures between these two populations that should be further explored.
About the similarity and difference in the use of passive in Russian and Turkish speech
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Dubrovina Margarita E.
Published: January 2023

The author of the article conducts a comparative study of the use of forms of the passive voice in Turkish and Russian speech. In the course of scientific analysis, striking differences are found in the use of verb forms expressing the meaning of the passive. The Russian language has several ways of expressing this, the Turkish language is more consistent in this respect and conveys the meaning of suffering in one way, and adheres to the regularity in the use of voice forms in speech. The author demonstrates various language strategies in coding the same mental content, which can help in understanding the language mechanisms themselves, as well as facilitate the perception of the complex grammatical meaning of the passive for speakers of opposite languages for more effective mastering of a foreign language. The author conducts research within the framework of system linguistics, believing that the reason for the language ways of expressing a particular meaning should be sought in the determinant of language types. The Russian language is an inflectional language, the Turkish language is included in the group of agglutinative languages. Different ways of expressing the meaning of the passive are rooted in a different grammatical principle: Russian speakers have a set of pre-prepared ways of expression, while Turkish speakers have a set of separate morphemes, from which they form a word form at the moment of speaking.
From motivation to investment: Changing the trend of educational language policy
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Marusenko Michael A.
Published: January 2023

The article discusses changes in the trend of educational language policy under the influence of the change in the general paradigm of language policy from ethno-cultural to national-functional. The desire to learn second or foreign languages is seen not as a result of motivation, but as a result of investment, assuming that the learner has complex, multiple identities that change in time and space and are reproduced in social interaction. Today, the concepts of identity and investment are basic in the theory of language learning and teaching. In the context of globalization, new modes of production and socialization, the compression of time and space are shaping identities, loyalty and citizenship in a new way. The digital world presents more and more opportunities for contact with the whole world and this has a strong influence on identity. Students roam freely in the digital space, and their ability to identify and analyze systemic trends determines their willingness to invest in a particular language. The modern model, which takes into account the constant change of identities, places investing in the zone of intersection of the concepts of identity, human capital and ideology. The choice, promotion and protection of languages is determined by the mechanisms of pride and profit. The study of certain languages can serve instrumental purposes and provide material advantages, provide a sense of pride in belonging to a particular nation, give legitimacy to the discourses and forms of expression supported by this imaginary community. For example, learning lingua franca allows students to think about other forms of national identity, such as global citizenship. Identity is always a battlefield in which the habitus and desires of learners are constantly at war with dominant ideologies and alternative futures. During periods of political and ideological conflict, the problem of the existence of hybrid or cosmopolitan identities is exacerbated and can have a serious impact on national unity and territorial integrity. All these factors should be taken into account when forming a nationally oriented educational language policy and be included in the new concept of education in Russia.
Categories of address forms in Pakistani English at a multilingual academic setting
Authors:   Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Soomro Muhammad Arif ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Larina Tatiana V.
Published: January 2023

The variations of address forms in multilingual and multicultural contexts create problems in their understanding, proper choice, and usage. The goal of this study is to identify the main categories of forms of address used by students and teachers in multilingual Pakistani universities and to highlight the socio-cultural factors that determine their choice and preference in various contexts, both formal and informal. An open-ended questionnaire was distributed for data collection in four public sector universities in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The material obtained from 252 participants was supplemented and verified through ethnographic observation and analyzed employing both quantitative and qualitative research paradigms. The preliminary results show that in multilingual academic settings, Pakistani interlocutors use a variety of categories of address forms with the domineering position of names and kinship terms. Speaking Pakistani English, they use both English and local terms of address borrowed from Sindhi, Urdu, and other local languages to express their cultural values, identity, and attitudes. The findings show that English forms of address are predominantly used in formal contexts while native terms are mostly observed in informal ones. The study provides some new linguistic facts about the impact of culture on address forms. Its results may contribute to further investigation of address forms from socio-pragmatic and cultural perspectives.
Intervarietal translation in the multicultural space of one language
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Proshina Zoya G.
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the need to integrate the World Englishes paradigm into translator training courses. The concept of intervarietal translation, or intermediary translation, is introduced and defined in the framework of R. Jakobson’s semiotic classification of translation types. Three major problematic issues of intervarietal translation are dwelt upon — at the phono-graphic level (intelligibility), lexico-semantic level (comprehensibility), and discourse and pragmatic level (interpretability). Emphasis is made on the need to train translators from European languages to work with Asian Englishes, especially with Chinese English.
Intermediation in intercultural communication: “A necessary evil” or a normal thing?
Authors:   Moscow Region State University, Khukhuni Georgy T. , Valuitseva Irina I. ,   Moscow Region State University
Published: January 2023

Among the factors that have a decisive impact on the processes of intercultural communication, an important role belongs to translation. At the same time, in many cases, direct transmission from the original is absent or difficult, as a result of which there is a need for one or another kind of interlingual mediation. The purpose of our article is to consider one of the ways of such mediation — the so-called “second-hand translation” and those situations in which its use is the only possible. Examples of such translation, significant for the national culture, are considered, a detailed classification of the varieties of translation through an intermediary language is proposed. It is concluded that the traditional attitude towards them as a deliberately inferior kind of cultural interaction in some cases simplifies the real state of things. The study uses the method of philological analysis. The results of the work can be used in the further development of translation studies, as well as in teaching courses in translation theory and intercultural communication in higher education.
The clash of national and global in R. Seisenbaev's novel “Night Voices”
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Ovcherenko Ulyana
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of the reflection of the actual problem of interaction between the national and the global in R. Seisenbaev’s novel “Night Voices”. The article provides a brief digression into the essence of the problem: the views of researchers regarding the impact of globalization on cultural and ethnic identity, their forecasts and expectations regarding the way these two directions of world development interact. The relationship between the national and the sacred in the field of understanding the core of the nation, which is important for reflecting the author’s picture of the world, is revealed — the sacred acts as an immanent feature of the nation and allows you to more fully analyze the development paths of a particular ethnic group. A detailed analysis of the Kazakh sacred and its reflection in the novel of the Kazakh writer has been made. It was concluded that R. Seisenbaev in his work expresses concern about the prospect of absorption of the national by the global. The author, just like scientists, sees in the sacred core not only the national consciousness, but also the personal self-consciousness of everyone belonging to the nation, and is distrustful of the possibility of dissolving the ethnic group in globalization without the risk of losing self-identity by each individual.
Interrelation of History and Nationhood in Contemporary Persian Historical Fiction
Authors:   Allameh Tabatabaee University, Farahmandfar Masoud , Abdollahi Musa
Published: January 2023

The present article discusses how terrains of belonging are constructed and articulated textually through historical novels which bring the past into the present, and link the national identity of people to memories of their ancestors, to their nation’s glorious past. The rise of the historical novel in Iran was concomitant with Iran’s Constitutional Revolution of 1906, which was hailed by many a critic and historian as a major time of sociopolitical awakening which contributed to protecting the cultural legacies of the past and keeping aglow the propitious light of belonging and nationhood. Historiography has been a fecund ground for Iranian fiction-writers in which to retrieve a sense of national identity. This article aims at showing how Persian historical novels foreground the symbiotic relationship between remembering and belonging, and open up texts to their national significances.
Bilingual poetry collections as a transfer of culture and word
Authors:   Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, Sergieva Natalia S.
Published: January 2023

The article considers the phenomenon of bilingual collections of poems by contemporay poets of the Komi Republic with parallel publication of texts of the original in Komi and translation into Russian. In such a publication, the translation becomes derived from the author’s text and the author’s creative idea. This connection becomes clear and indissoluble for the reader. Such a book unites Russian and Komi readers in one space. The quality of the translation depends on the involvement of the author in the translation process and on the skill and personality of the translator. The key motive of Komi poetry is reflections on the fate of the native land, native language and culture, considered by the example of poems by Komi poets in comparison with translations of these poems into Russian. A translator can give life to an original Komi work in a new cultural space. Translation serves as a means of language and culture transfer, education and development of the bilingual reader. High-quality translation promotes mutual understanding and cultural enrichment of peoples, and translation activity acts as adriver of intercultural communication.
The figurative field “Kazakhstan” in Karachay-Balkar literature: Digital research
Authors:   The Russian Energy Agency, Berberov Ali B. , Kuchukova Zukhra A. ,   Berbekov Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Uzdenova Zuleikha A.
Published: January 2023

We analyze the use of lexemes of the semantic field “Kazakhstan” in Karachay-Balkarian literature. For the first time, the AntСonc concordance program was tested on the extensive Karachay-Balkarian text material, and about 2600 occurrences of the corresponding lexemes were found in the analyzed texts. The significant influence of the Central Asian period on the usage of the lexemes of the semantic field “Kazakhstan” is confirmed. The key role of the thankfulness towards Kazakh people in the analyzed contexts is revealed.
Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Sutadji Joshua Teofilus , Pranoto Agung , Prasetyo Risky Vitria
Published: January 2023

Highlights:1. The highest risk was a history of hypertension, followed by a history of low HDL levels.2. Patients with type 2 DM at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, had a greater risk of developing CKD for patients with a history of hypertension (3.801 times higher) and patients with a history of low HDL (3.356 times higher).
AbstractIntroduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), categorized as a non-communicable disease, has become a global health concern. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 DM patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya.Methods: This was a case-control study. The samples were collected using consecutive sampling methods from the medical records Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. The total samples were 158 patients consisting of 79 cases and 79 controls. Independent variables were a history of uncontrolled HbA1c levels; hypertension; high triglyceride (TG) levels; low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and being overweight. The dependent variable was CKD. Samples were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and logistic regression.Results: From six independent variables that were analyzed, two variables had significant results based on the Chi-Square test. Logistic regression was performed and showed the significant results between risk factors of CKD and type 2 DM patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, were a history of hypertension (OR = 3.801, 95% CI = 1.875-7.706) and a history of low HDL levels (OR = 3.356, 95% CI = 1.650-6.827). The highest risks were a history of hypertension followed by a history of low HDL levels.Conclusion: Type 2 DM patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, with a history of hypertension and a history of low HDL had a greater risk of developing CKD.
Acetylated-PPARγ expression is regulated by different P53 genotypes associated with the adipogenic differentiation of polyploid giant cancer cells with daughter cells
Authors:   Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300122, China, Zhang Kexin , Yang Xiaohui ,   Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China, Zheng Minying , Ning Yidi , Zhang Shiwu
Published: January 2023

Objective: Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) with daughter cells express epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins. Highly malignant tumor cells with EMT properties can transdifferentiate into mature tumor cells. In this study, we elucidated the potential for, and underlying mechanism of, adipogenic differentiation of PGCCs with daughter cells (PDCs). Methods: Cobalt chloride was used to induce PGCC formation in HEY (wild-type P53) and MDA-MB-231 (mutant P53) cells; these cells were then cultured in adipogenic differentiation medium. Oil red O staining was used to confirm adipogenic differentiation, and the cell cycle was detected with flow cytometry. The expression of adipogenic differentiation-associated proteins and P300 histone acetyltransferase activity were compared before and after adipogenic differentiation. Animal xenograft models were used to confirm the adipogenic differentiation of PDCs. Results: PDCs transdifferentiated into functional adipocytes. Two different cell cycle distributions were observed in PDCs after adipogenic differentiation. The expression levels of PPARγ, Ace-PPARγ, and Ace-P53 were higher in PDCs after adipogenic differentiation than in cells before adipogenic differentiation. Ace-PPARγ and FABP4 expression increased in HEY cells and decreased in MDA-MB-231 PDCs after p53 knockdown. A485 treatment increased Ace-P53, Ace-PPARγ, and FABP4 expression in HEY PDCs by inhibiting SUMOylation of P53. In MDA-MB-231 PDCs, A485 treatment decreased Ace-P53, Ace-PPARγ, and FABP4 expression. Animal experiments also confirmed the adipogenic differentiation of PDCs. Conclusions: Acetylation of P53 and PPARγ plays an important role in the adipogenic differentiation of PDCs.
The Morphology of the Active Galactic Nucleus and its Impact on Accretion Flows and Relativistic Jets
Authors: Al-Fadhli Mohammed
Published: January 2023

The G2 gas cloud motion data and the scarcity of observations on the event horizon-scale distances have challenged the comprehensiveness of the central supermassive black hole model. In addition, the Planck Legacy 2018 release has preferred a positively curved early Universe with a confidence level higher than 99%. This study investigates the impact of the background curvature and its evolution over the conformal time on the formation and morphological evolution of central compact objects and the consequent effect on their host galaxies. The formation of a galaxy from the collapse of a supermassive gas cloud in the early Universe is modeled based on interaction field equations as a 4D relativistic cloud-world that flows and spins through a 4D conformal bulk of a primordial positive curvature considering the preference of the Planck release. Owing to the curved background, this scenario of galaxy formation reveals that the core of the galaxy undergoes a forced vortex formation with a central event horizon leading to opposite vortices (traversable wormholes) that spatially shrink while evolving in the conformal time. It indicates that the galaxy and its core are formed in the same process whereas the surrounding gas clouds form the spiral arms due to the frame-dragging induced by the fast-rotating core. It demonstrates that the accretion flow onto the central supermassive compact object only occurs at the central event horizon of the two opposite vortices while their other ends eject the relativistic jets. This can elucidate the relativistic jet formation and explain the G2 gas cloud motion if its orbit is around one of the vortices but at a distance from the central event horizon. The gravitational potential of the early curved bulk could contribute to galaxy formation while the present spatial flatness deprives the potential of bulk which could lead to galaxy quenching. The formation of a galaxy and its core simultaneously could explain the growth of the supermassive compact galaxy core to a mass of ~109 M⊙ at just 6% of the current Universe age.
Psychometric Testing of the CEECCA Questionnaire to Assess Ability to Communicate among Individuals with Aphasia
Authors: Martín-Dorta Willian-Jesús , García-Hernández Alfonso-Miguel , Delgado-Hernández Jonathan , Sainz-Fregel Estela , Miranda-Martín Raquel-Candelaria , Suárez-Pérez Alejandra , Jiménez-Álvarez Alejandra , Martín-Felipe Elena , Brito-Brito Pedro-Ruymán
Published: January 2023

(1) Background: The CEECCA questionnaire assesses the ability to communicate among individuals with aphasia. It was designed using the NANDA-I and NOC standardised nursing languages (SNLs), reaching high content validity index and representativeness index values. The questionnaire was pilot-tested, demonstrating its feasibility for use by nurses in any healthcare setting. This study aims to identify the psychometric properties of this instrument. (2) Methods: 47 individuals with aphasia recruited from primary and specialist care facilities. The instrument was tested for construct validity and criterion validity, reliability, internal consistency, and responsiveness. The NANDA-I and NOC SNLs and the Boston test were used for criterion validity testing. (3) Results: 5 language dimensions explain 78.6% of the total variance. Convergent criterion validity tests showed concordances of up to 94% (Cohen’s κ: 0.9; p<0.001) using the Boston test, concordances of up to 81% using DCs of NANDA-I diagnoses (Cohen’s κ: 0.6; p<0.001), and concordances of up to 96% (Cohen’s κ: 0.9; p<0.001) using NOC indicators. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.98. Reliability tests revealed test-retest concordances of 76%-100% (p<0,001). (4) Conclusions: The CEECCA is an easy-to-use, valid, reliable instrument to assess the ability to communicate among individuals with aphasia.
Simple Machine Learning with Aerial Imagery Reveals Severe Loss of a Salt Marsh Foundation Species
Authors: Rippel Tyler M. , Minsavage-Davis Charles D. , Shirey Vaughn , Wimp Gina M.
Published: January 2023

Salt marshes are globally important ecosystems, but many have been lost or transformed due to the impacts of global change. There have been attempts to broadly quantify salt marsh communities, especially the ubiquitous grasses which serve as foundation species such as Spartina alterniflora and Spartina patens, the latter of which is being lost due to sea level rise. However, few researchers have used high-resolution geospatial imagery to quantify fine-scale changes in the distribution of grasses or to track losses of S. patens. To address this issue, we utilized a simple and rapid method of classifying geospatial marsh imagery with cloud-based machine learning in Google Earth Engine (>92% accuracy for S. patens regardless of imagery age). Our methods allowed us to characterize full landscapes (two geospatially proximal areas, >7,000 ha each) of critical salt marshes on the New Jersey coast and to evaluate fine-scale (1-m) community transformations in response to global change with imagery from 2006 to 2019. Notably, one marsh experienced very little change while the other experienced an 81.17% (1,087 ha) loss of S. patens, illuminating disparate patterns of change for two geographically proximal ecosystems. Further exploration revealed an association in the loss of S. patens with increases in streamflow and total nitrogen content in the rivers that run through each marsh. These results signify the importance of broad-scale ecological studies that evaluate fine-scale community transformations and for management strategies that do not generalize across landscapes of an ecosystem-type.
Does the Quality of Governance Affect Tax Revenue in South Africa?
Authors: Pamba Dumisani
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is to empirically analyze the effect of quality of governance on tax revenue in South Africa. This is done by analyzing a time series dataset covering 1996 to 2020. The study used voice and accountability, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, control of corruption, political stability and rule of law as proxies of quality of governance. Multiple regression analysis was performed to test hypotheses. Based on the regression results, all quality of governance variables in South Africa have a negative effect on tax revenue except corruption control. The findings of this study also include policy recommendations. The government of South Africa must design and implement effective ways to combat poor governance, which results in a tax revenue shortfall.
Orthoparamyxovirinae C Proteins Have a Common Origin and a Common Structural Organization
Authors: Roy Ada , Chan Mine Emeric , Gaifas Lorenzo , Leyrat Cédric , Volchkova Valentina , Baudin Florence , Martinez-Gil Luis , Volchkov Viktor , Karlin David G. , Bourhis Jean-Marie , Jamin Marc
Published: January 2023

The protein C is a small viral protein encoded in an overlapping frame of the P gene in the sub-family Orthoparamyxovirinae. This protein, expressed by alternative translation initiation, is a virulence factor that regulates viral transcription, replication and production of defective interfering RNA, interferes with the host-cell innate immunity systems and supports assembly of viral particles and budding. We expressed and purified full-length and an N-terminally truncated C protein from Tupaia paramyxovirus (TupV) C protein (genus Narmovirus). We solved the crystal structure of the C-terminal part of TupV C protein at a resolution of 2.4 Å and found that it is structurally similar to Sendai virus C protein, suggesting that despite undetectable sequence conservation, these proteins are homologous. We characterized both truncated and full-length proteins by SEC-MALLS and SEC-SAXS and described their solution structures by ensemble models. We established a minireplicon assay for the related Nipah virus (NiV) and showed that TupV C inhibited the expression of NiV minigenome in a concentration-dependent manner as efficiently as NiV C protein. A previous study found that the Orthoparamyxovirinae C proteins former two clusters without detectable sequence similarity, raising the question of whether they were homologous or instead had originated independently. Since TupV C and SeV C are representative of these two clusters, our discovery that they have a similar structure indi-cates that all Orthoparamyxovirine C proteins are homologous. Our results also imply that, strik-ingly, a STAT1-binding site is encoded by exactly the same RNA region of the P/C gene across Paramyxovirinae, but in different reading frames (P or C) depending on which cluster they belong to.
Multiple System Atrophy : Mitochondria Dysregulation, Reprogramming and Alternative of Neuroprotective Agents
Authors: Widyarti Sri , Wibowo Syahputra , Sabarudin Akhmad , Abhirama Intan , Bambang Sumitro Sutiman
Published: January 2023

A progressive and chronic neurological condition called MSA (Multiple System Atrophy) is characterized clinically by varying degrees of dysautonomia, cerebellar ataxia, and parkinsonism. The concept of mitochondrial dysregulation in MSA is one perspective in handling this neurodegenerative disease. Damage to functional mitochondria is driven by the presence of ɑ-Synuclein-induced mitochondrial localization. The goal of MSA treatment up until now has been to reduce symptoms. One of the innovations in the treatment of MSA could be the novel idea based on mitochondrial reprogramming pathways. Mitochondrial reprogramming can be done in various ways in which the use of hydrogen, magnesium and low-dose hydrogen peroxide.
Discriminating Ion Channels from Non-Ion Channel Membrane Proteins Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Classifiers with Protein Language Model Representations
Authors: Ghazikhani Hamed , Butler Gregory
Published: January 2023

Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the movement of ions across cell membranes, playing a key role in a range of biological processes. The high cost and time required for wet lab experiments to characterize ion channels has spurred the development of computational methods for this purpose. In our previous work, we demonstrated the effectiveness of protein language models for ion channel prediction, using a logistic regression classifier to distinguish ion channels from non-ion channels (TooT-BERT-C) and transporters from non-transporters (TooT-BERT-T). In this study, we build upon this approach by using a combination of classical machine learning classifiers and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with fine-tuned representations from ProtBERT, ProtBERT-BFD, and MembraneBERT to discriminate ion channels from non-ion channels. The results of our experiments demonstrate that TooT-BERT-CNN-C, a combination of the representations from ProtBERT-BFD and a CNN, outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods for predicting ion channels, with a Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) of 0.86 and an accuracy of 98.35% on an independent test set.
Unveiling Circumnutation in Pea Plants via Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Qiuran , Barbariol Tommaso , Susto Gian Antonio , Bonato Bianca , Guerra Silvia , Castiello Umberto
Published: January 2023

Climbing plants require an external support to grow vertically and enhance light acquisition. Climbers that find a suitable support have greater performance and fitness than those that remain prostrate. Support search is characterized by oscillatory movements (i.e., circumnutation), in which plants rotate around a central axis during their growth. Numerous studies have elucidated the mechanistic details of circumnutation, but how this phenomenon is controlled remains unclear. Here, we use supervised machine learning algorithms to generate models that learn to discriminate between the presence/absence of a support in the environment. Results indicate that there is a difference in the pattern of circumnutation, depending on the presence of a support, that can be learned and classified rather accurately. We also identify distinctive kinematic features that contribute to the classification tasks. Overall, machine learning approaches appear to be powerful tools for understanding the movement of plants.
A Theoretical Model of the Development of Public Citizenship in a Sustainable Environment: Case of Lithuania
Authors: Navickienė Olga , Valackienė Asta , Činčikaitė Renata , Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė Ieva
Published: January 2023

The paper presents a theoretical and empirical assessment of this social phenomenon. The achieved scientific solution-result (Main Finding) is presented a theoretical model of the develop-ment of public citizenship in a sustainable environment has been created for the case of Lithuania. First of all, the paper discusses the conceptual issues of the expression of modernisation of civil society, highlighting and justifying the interaction of social changes and sustainable environment in economic, social, political, environmental and cultural aspects, presenting the case of Lithuania (The Case of Lithuania). On the other hand, following the United Nations Sustainable Development Strategy document, the field of progress and resilience of Lithuanian society in modern society is discussed, identifying and analysing various criteria that have been empirically tested. The authors noted that the democratic cube model was used to create a theoretical model of the development of public citizenship in a harmonious environment, and the HDI (human development index model) was also integrated. The model created by the authors systematically explains the analysis of the relationship between the expression of modernisation changes identified in the research and the formation of civil society; secondly, it substantiates the process of interaction between modernisation changes and public citizenship, discussing four fields of expression. Practical applicability of the model: it will help researchers to conceptually analyse and empirically study public citizenship; will help public policymakers and implementers to manage effectively, ensuring quality changes in society and managing new challenges, and it will also contribute to the conceptual formation of the country's long-term development strategy.
Climdex-Kit: An Open Software for Climate Index Calculation, Sharing and Analysis Towards Tailored Climate Services
Authors: Campalani Piero , Crespi Alice
Published: January 2023

The paper presents the open source tool climdex-kit which includes utilities to compute, analyze and visualize climate indices based on the input data, target domain and temporal extent defined by the user. It is intended to support researchers as well as practitioners and decision makers to derive, handle and interpret meaningful information for climate change studies and sectoral applications. It currently includes the computation of 30 indices based on temperature and precipitation, describing both mean and extreme climate conditions, and it is designed to work with climate model projections. The tool is written in Python and integrates utilities from the well-established Climate Data Operators (CDO) and NetCDF Operators (NCO) libraries. The specific utilities for selecting, aggregating and visualizing data are thought to help users to produce tailored results improving understanding and communication of future climate change. In order to show the functionalities of the package as well as its potential integration in regional climate services, climdex-kit was applied to an ensemble of downscaled climate model projections up to 2100 for the region Trentino – South Tyrol (north-eastern Italian Alps). The projections for a selection of indices accounting for extreme temperature and precipitation conditions were derived and different visualization choices discussed. The package climdex-kit is developed in a way that allows users to implement additional routines for calculating other indices as well as for easily adapting the routines to handle with different data types and spatio-temporal targets defined by the specific application. Effective climate services can in fact be developed only if flexible tools and customizable climate information are integrated with a clear understanding of data features and limitations.
Nature of the Interaction of Alpha-D-Mannose and Escherichia coli Bacteria, and Implications for Its Regulatory Classification. A Delphi Panel European Consensus Based on Chemistry and Legal Evidence
Authors: Scaglione Francesco , Minghetti Paola , Ambrosio Francesco , Ernst Beat , Ficarra Vicenzo , Gobbi Marco , Naber Kurt , Schellekens Huub
Published: January 2023

Background: the nature of alpha-D-mannose - natural aldohexose sugar, C-2 glucose epimer, whose intended use is for preventing urinary tract infections - in the interaction with E. coli is addressed in order to drive the issue of its regulatory classification as a medicinal product or medical device. Methods: PRISMA systematic review approach was applied; Delphi Panel method used to target consensus on statements retrieved from evidence. Results: Based of regulatory definitions and research evidences, the mechanism of D-mannose does not involve a metabolic or immunological action while there is an uncertainty regarding the pharmacological action. Specific interaction between the product and the bacteria within the body occurs, but its nature is inert: it does not induce a direct response activating or inhibiting body processes. Moreover, the action of D-mannose takes place, even if inside the bladder, outside the epithelium on bacteria that have not yet invaded the urothelial tissue. Therefore, its mechanism of action is not directed to host structures but to structures (bacteria) external to the host's tissues. Conclusions: From a regulatory perspective, D-mannose maintains the current medical device classification: new regulations and legal judgments can add further considerations. From a pharmacological perspective, research is driven versus synthetic mannosides: no further considerations are expected on alpha-D-mannose.
Role of transvaginal sonoelastography in the differentiation of malignant and benign endometrial pathologies in postmenopausal women
Authors:   S.S.Yudin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gribova M.R. , Davydov A.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Lebedev V.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Chilova R.A. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: January 2023

Objective. To study the clinical significance of transvaginal sonoelastography (TVSE) in the differential diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. Patients and methods. Fifty-four patients with postmenopausal bleeding and/or ultrasound features of endometrial pathology (mean age: 67.8 ± 3.2 years) were examined. The average length of postmenopause was 8.12 ± 3.4 years. The strain index (SI), which was measured automatically, was used as the main criterion of TVSE. Results. The mean SI varied widely depending on the histological type of endometrial pathology: 2.0 (0.8–4.0) in patients with endometrial carcinoma; 1.6 (0.4–3.2) in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia; 0.8 (0.30–1.60) in patients with endometrial hyperplasia without atypia; 0.6 (0.5–2.40) in patients with endometrial polyps against the background of mucosal atrophy. A significant difference for SI was found only when comparing the group of patients with carcinoma with other groups, regardless of the morphological type of benign pathology (p < 0.05). Conclusion. TVSE allows to supplement the results of transvaginal ultrasound according to IETA (International Endometrial Tumor Analysis) system and improve the differential diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma with other benign endometrial pathologies. Key words: transvaginal ultrasound, sonoelastography, endometrial carcinoma, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyps, strain index
National Identity and Migration Policy Dynamics: Analysing the Effect of Swedish National Identity on Its Granting Asylum Policy to Syrian Refugees in 2013
Authors: Suryani Desak Sinta Putu , Cangara Abdul Razaq
Published: January 2023

The Syrian conflict in 2011 has inevitably led to the massive forced migration of asylum seekers and refugees. Most of them fled to neighbouring and several countries in Europe. As a result of the European Union (EU) 's open border policy, their influx into Europe was reckoned a problem for many European countries due to increasing crimes and threats to its members' national security. Some European Union countries chose to be cautious by refusing or only providing financial assistance. Contrastingly, as an EU member state, Sweden received thousands of Syrian refugees until 2013. On October 3, 2013, the Swedish government announced an asylum policy of guaranteed housing provision and the right to bring families to Syrian asylum seekers until they obtain UNHCR refugee status. Such granting asylum policy to Syrian refugees shows differences in the identity of social security construction both in the society and its decision-makers compared to other EU countries. This article exposes the identity influence on the Swedish government's decision to grant asylum to Syrian refugees in 2013. This article employs the "aspirational constructivism" theory by Anne Clunan, arguing that a state's policy is based on a national identity sourced from society's historical reflections and the political elite's future aspirations. This article finds that Swedish society's history experienced cultural homogenization, known as a multicultural country, and the ​​Social-Democracy and folkhemmet ("Home for the People") idea of the political elites resulted in the granting of asylum policy to Syrian refugees in October 2013.