bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can adaptations of crop and soil management prevent yield losses during water scarcity? – A modelling study
Authors: Heinz Malve , Turek Maria Eliza , Schaefli Bettina , Keiser Andreas , Holzkämper Annelie
Published: May 2024

Abstract. With climate change, the increasingly limited availability of irrigation water resources poses a major threat to agricultural production systems world-wide. This study explores climate adaptation options in soil and crop management to reduce yield losses due to water scarcity and irrigation restrictions during the 2022 summer drought. The focus is on potato production in the Broye catchment in Switzerland, which is representative of many mid-sized lowland catchments in Central Europe facing reduced irrigation water availability. We employed the field-scale agro-hydrological model SWAP in a distributed manner to simulate regional irrigation demand, yields and deficits under drought stress. Results suggest that irrigation bans and drought in 2022 led to a 16.4 % reduction in potato yield due to a 59 % deficit in irrigation water. Our findings suggest that adding 1 % soil organic carbon (SOC) down to a depth of 60 cm could have reduced the yield loss to only 7 %. Planting earlier maturing potato varieties in less favorable pedoclimatic conditions further improves irrigation water productivity (IWP) and reduces irrigation water demand by 26 %. In this case, however, there is a trade-off in yield, the reduction of which can only be reduced to -14.8 %. Overall, our findings highlight the great value of soil organic carbon for preventing productivity losses during droughts at the example of a recently experienced drought year. Furthermore, we show that irrigation water use efficiency can be optimized by location-specific combinations of adaptation choices. In the face of future droughts exacerbated by climate change, the measures studied here represent a valuable adaptation to mitigate yield losses and reduce dependence on irrigation.
Introducing the MESMER-M-TPv0.1.0 module: Spatially Explicit Earth System Model Emulation for Monthly Precipitation and Temperature
Authors: Schöngart Sarah , Gudmundsson Lukas , Hauser Mathias , Pfleiderer Peter , Lejeune Quentin , Nath Shruti , Seneviratne Sonia Isabelle , Schleußner Carl-Friedrich
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Emulators of Earth System Models (ESMs) are statistical models that approximate selected outputs of ESMs. Owing to their runtime-efficiency, emulators are especially useful whenever vast amounts of data are required, for example, for thoroughly exploring the emission space, for investigating high-impact low-probability events, or for estimating uncertainties and variability. This paper introduces an emulation framework that allows to emulate spatially explicit monthly mean precipitation fields using spatially explicit monthly mean temperature fields as forcing. The emulator is designed as an additional module within the MESMER(-M) emulation framework and its core relies on the concepts of Generalised Linear Models (GLMs). Precipitation at each (land-)grid point and for each month is approximated as a multiplicative model with two factors. The first factor entails the temperature-driven precipitation response and is assumed to follow a Gamma distribution with a logarithmic link function. The second factor is the residual variability of the precipitation field. The residual variability is assumed to be independent of temperature, but may still possess spatial precipitation correlations. Therefore, the monthly residual field is decomposed into independent Principal Components and subsequently approximated and sampled using a Kernel Density Estimation with a Gaussian kernel. The emulation framework is tested and validated using 24 ESMs from the Sixth Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). For each ESM, we train on a single ensemble member across scenarios and evaluate the emulator performance using simulations with historical and SSP5-8.5 forcing. We show that the framework captures grid point specific precipitation characteristics, such as variability, trend and temporal auto-correlations. In addition, we find that emulated spatial (cross-variable) characteristics are consistent with that of ESMs. The framework is also able to capture compound hot-dry and cold-wet extremes, although it systematically underestimates their occurrence probabilities. The emulation of spatially explicit, coherent monthly temperature and precipitation timeseries is a major step towards the representation of impact-relevant variables of the climate system in a computational efficient manner.
Training deep learning models with a multi-station approach and static aquifer attributes for groundwater level simulation: what’s the best way to leverage regionalised information?
Authors: Chidepudi Sivarama Krishna Reddy , Massei Nicolas , Jardani Abderrahim , Dieppois Bastien , Henriot Abel , Fournier Matthieu
Published: May 2024

Abstract. In this study, we used deep learning models with recurrent structure neural networks to simulate large-scale groundwater level (GWL) fluctuations in northern France. We developed a multi-station collective training for GWL simulations, using both “dynamic” variables (i.e. climatic) and static aquifer characteristics. This large-scale approach offers the possibility of incorporating dynamic and static features to cover more reservoir heterogeneities in the study area. Further, we investigated the performance of relevant feature extraction techniques such as clustering and wavelet transform decomposition, intending to simplify network learning using regionalised information. Several modelling performance tests were conducted. Models specifically trained on different types of GWL, clustered based on the spectral properties of the data, performed significantly better than models trained on the whole dataset. Clustering-based modelling reduces complexity in the training data and targets relevant information more efficiently. Applying multi-station models without prior clustering can lead the models to learn the dominant station behavior preferentially, ignoring unique local variations. In this respect, wavelet pre-processing was found to partially compensate clustering, bringing out common temporal and spectral characteristics shared by all available time series even when these characteristics are “hidden” because of too small amplitude. When employed along with prior clustering, thanks to its capability of capturing essential features across all time scales (high and low), wavelet decomposition used as a pre-processing technique provided significant improvement in model performance, particularly for GWLs dominated by low-frequency variations. This study advances our understanding of GWL simulation using deep learning, highlighting the importance of different model training approaches, the potential of wavelet preprocessing, and the value of incorporating static attributes.
Long-term Hydro-economic Analysis Tool for Evaluating Global Groundwater Cost and Supply: Superwell v1.0
Authors: Niazi Hassan , Ferencz Stephen B. , Graham Neal T. , Yoon Jim , Wild Thomas B. , Hejazi Mohamad , Watson David J. , Vernon Chris R.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Groundwater plays a key role in meeting water demands, supplying over 40 % of irrigation water globally, with this role likely to grow as water demands and surface water variability increase. A better understanding of the future role of groundwater in meeting sectoral demands requires an integrated hydro-economic evaluation of its cost and availability. Yet substantial gaps remain in our knowledge and modeling capabilities related to groundwater availability, feasible locations for extraction, extractable volumes, and associated extraction costs, which are essential for large-scale analyses of integrated human-water systems scenarios, particularly at the global scale. To address these needs, we developed Superwell, a physics-based groundwater extraction and cost accounting model that operates at 0.5° (≈50x50 km) gridded spatial resolution with global coverage. The model produces location-specific groundwater supply-cost curves that provide the levelized cost to access different quantities of available groundwater. The inputs to Superwell include recent high-resolution hydrogeologic datasets of permeability, porosity, aquifer thickness, depth to water table, and hydrogeological complexity zones. It also accounts for well capital and maintenance costs, and the energy costs required to lift water to the surface. The model employs a Theis-based scheme coupled with an amortization-based cost accounting formulation to simulate groundwater extraction and quantify the cost of groundwater pumping. The result is a spatiotemporally flexible, physically-realistic, economics-based model that produces groundwater supply-cost curves. We show examples of these supply-cost curves and the insights that can be derived from them across a set of scenarios designed to explore model outcomes. The supply-cost curves produced by the model show that most nonrenewable groundwater in storage globally is extractable at costs lower than 0.23 USD/m3, while half of the volume remains extractable at under 0.138 USD/m3. We also demonstrate and discuss examples of how these cost curves could be used by linking Superwell’s outputs with other models to explore coupled human-environmental systems challenges, such as water resources planning and management, or broader analyses of multi-sectoral feedbacks.
Three-dimensional discrete element simulations on pressure ridge formation
Authors: Muchow Marek , Polojärvi Arttu
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study presents the first three-dimensional discrete element method simulations on pressure ridge formation. Pressure ridges are an important feature of the sea-ice cover, as they contribute to the mechanical thickening of ice and likely limit the strength of sea ice in large scale. We validate the simulations against laboratory-scale experiments, confirming their accuracy in predicting ridging forces and ridge geometries. Then we demonstrate that Cauchy-Froude scaling applies for translating laboratory-scale results on ridging to full-scale scenarios. We show that non-simultaneous failure, where an ice sheet fails at distinct locations across the ridge length, is required for an accurate representation of the ridging process. This process cannot be described by two-dimensional simulations. We also find a linear relationship between the ridging forces and the ice thickness, contrasting with earlier results in the literature obtained by two-dimensional simulations.
Stream hydrology controls on ice cliff evolution and survival on debris-covered glaciers
Authors: Petersen Eric , Hock Regine , Loso Michael G.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Ice cliffs are melt hot spots that contribute disproportionately to melt on debris-covered glaciers. In this study, we investigate the impact of supraglacial stream hydrology on ice cliffs using in situ and remote sensing observations, streamflow measurements, and a conceptual geomorphic model of ice cliff backwasting applied to ice cliffs on Kennicott Glacier, Alaska. We found that 33 % of ice cliffs (accounting for 69 % of the ice cliff area) are actively influenced by streams, while half are nearer than 10 m from the nearest stream. Supraglacial streams contribute to ice cliff formation and maintenance by horizontal meandering, vertical incision, and debris transport. These processes produce an undercut lip at the ice cliff base and transport clasts up to tens of centimeters in diameter, preventing reburial of ice cliffs by debris. Stream meander morphology reminiscent of sedimentary river channel meanders and oxbow lakes produces sinuous and crescent ice cliff shapes. Stream avulsions result in rapid ice cliff collapse and local channel abandonment. Ice cliffs abandoned by streams are observed to be reburied by supraglacial debris, indicating a strong role played by streams in ice cliff persistence. We also report on a localized surge-like event at the glacier's western margin which drove the formation of ice cliffs from crevassing; these cliffs occur in sets with parallel linear morphologies contrasting with the crescent planform shape of stream-driven cliffs. The development of landscape evolution models may assist in quantifying the total net effect of these processes on steady-state ice cliff coverage and mass balance, contextualizing them with other drivers including supraglacial ponds, differential melt, ice dynamics, and collapse of englacial voids.
Balloon drift estimation and improved position estimates for radiosondes
Authors: Voggenberger Ulrich , Haimberger Leopold , Ambrogi Federico , Poli Paul
Published: May 2024

Abstract. When comparing model output with historical radiosonde observations, it is usually assumed that a radiosonde has risen exactly above its starting point and has not been displaced by wind. This changed only relatively recently with the availability of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers aboard radiosondes in the late 1990s, but even then the balloon trajectory data were often not transmitted, although this information was the basis for estimating the wind in the first place. Depending on the conditions and time of year, radiosondes can sometimes drift a few hundred kilometres, particularly at the middle latitudes during the winter months. The position errors can lead to non-negligible representation errors when the corresponding observations are assimilated. This paper presents a methodology to compute changes in the balloon position during its vertical ascent, using only limited information, such as the vertical profile of wind contained in the historical observation reports. The sensitivity of the method to various parameters is investigated, such as the vertical resolution of the input data, the assumption about the vertical ascent speed of the balloon, and the departure of the surface of Earth from a sphere. The paper considers modern GNSS sonde data reports for validation, for which the full trajectory of the balloon is available, alongside the reported wind. Evaluation is also conducted by comparison with ERA5 and by conducting low-resolution data assimilation experiments. Overall, the results indicate that the trajectory of the radiosondes can be accurately reconstructed from original data of varying vertical resolutions and that the more accurate balloon position reduces representation errors and, in some cases, systematic errors.
The International Commission on Continental Erosion (ICCE): a brief overview of its scientific focus and example outputs
Authors: Collins Adrian L. , Walling Des E. , Golosov Valentin , Porto Paolo , Gellis Allen C. , da Silva Yuri Jaques , Chalov Sergey
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Erosion and sediment-related problems are well documented globally and continue to warrant further scientific investigation, as well as improved policies and management strategies to protect soil and water resources. The International Commission on Continental Erosion (ICCE) has long been a very active commission of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) focussing on progressing scientific understanding of erosion and sediment systems. This paper provides a brief overview of its main scientific foci, examples of previous contributions to scientific conferences and finally, concludes by paying tribute to two key former members of the international scientific community engaged with its remit.
The role of upper-ocean heat content in the regional variability of Arctic sea ice at sub-seasonal timescales
Authors: Bianco Elena , Iovino Doroteaciro , Masina Simona , Materia Stefano , Ruggieri Paolo
Published: May 2024

Abstract. In recent decades, the Arctic Ocean has undergone changes associated with enhanced poleward inflow of Atlantic and Pacific waters and increased heat flux exchange with the atmosphere in seasonally ice-free regions. The associated changes in upper-ocean heat content can alter the exchange of energy at the ocean–ice interface. Yet, the role of ocean heat content in modulating Arctic sea ice variability at sub-seasonal timescales is still poorly documented. We analyze ocean heat transports and surface heat fluxes between 1980–2021 using two eddy-permitting global ocean reanalyses, C-GLORSv5 and ORAS5, to assess the surface energy budget of the Arctic Ocean and its regional seas. We then assess the role of upper-ocean heat content, computed in the surface mixed layer (Qml) and in the 0–300 m layer (Q300), as a sub-seasonal precursor of sea ice variability by means of lag correlations. Our results reveal that in the Pacific Arctic regions, sea ice variability in autumn is linked with Qml anomalies leading by 1 to 3 months, and this relationship has strengthened in the Laptev and East Siberian seas during 2001–2021 relative to 1980–2000, primarily due to reduced surface heat loss since the mid-2000s. Q300 anomalies act as a precursor for wintertime sea ice variability in the Barents and Kara seas, with considerable strengthening and expansion of this link from 1980–2000 and 2001–2021 in both reanalyses. Our results highlight the role played by upper-ocean heat content in modulating the interannual variability of Arctic sea ice at sub-seasonal timescales. Heat stored in the ocean has important implications for the predictability of sea ice, calling for improvements in forecast initialization and a focus upon regional predictions in the Arctic region.
Modeling Neurodegeneration and Regeneration in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wan Charley
Published: May 2024

The diagnosis and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases is a heavily examined topic in the neuroscience discipline. Whether it be from the anatomical and biological perspectives or the psychological and sociological perspectives, the ultimate goal is to discover strategies to pinpoint the infection as soon as possible. This article begins with reviewing the small-world network structure and then combines the sociological and anatomical perspectives to explain the progression of neuronal death within the brain by using rsfMRI data and the Hegselmann-Krause Model of Opinion Dynamics to illustrate critical interactions between brain regions, and to predict the ultimate behavior of the neural network after initial degeneration
Following experimentation–in which critical regions related to Parkinson’s Disease were studied–thresholds were identified in specific regions which exhibited consistent converging behavior of the neural network toward either degenerative or regenerative directions. Furthermore, a simple graphical model is proposed to demonstrate the ranges of values in which current brain health could be of concern. We concluded that neuron death in one brain region can lead to further infection in the resulting system; however, some regions can also directly/indirectly compensate for the system’s decreased function. In future research endeavors, this could provide insight into developing more accurate predictive models for the goal of early detection of a diseased brain and its recovery.
Robust and Expedited Methodologies for Resolving Radiation View Factors
Authors: Natan P. Herzog  , Eliana M. Crew  , Shane P. Riley  , Matthew M. Barry
Published: May 2024

The effects of mesh refinement using the distmesh2d algorithm and gaussian integration on the numerical accuracy of the Double Area Integration (DAI) and Single Area Integration (SAI) numerical methods for evaluating the view factor between two surfaces were studied. It was determined that SAI presents an advantage in eliminating the need for mesh refinement of the receiving surface. Gaussian integration proved to dramatically increase numerical accuracy by, in some cases, five orders of magnitude. These results were applied to the evaluation of view factors for the hot shoe array within a General Purpose Heat Source RTG. It was found that the top and bottom rows are dramatically worse-performing than the remaining rows and that the columns facing the corner of the fuel stack have significantly lower view factors than the others.
El Lenguaje inclusivo no viene a salvarnos la vida. Comentarios al artículo, “Cambiar las reglas. Lenguaje Inclusivo”
Authors: Contreras Santiago F.
Published: May 2024

La propuesta del lenguaje inclusivo para la autora se presenta como una herramienta para modificar la realidad, incurriendo en un realismo ingenuo. No obstante, es importante reconocer que el ser humano no depende exclusivamente del lenguaje para percibir el mundo.
El gesto como retorno a la esencia resistente del arte
Authors: Machado-Penso María V. , Serrano-López Federico G.
Published: May 2024

En el entorno capitalista actual, el arte ha perdido su potencial de resistencia. La posibilidad de restituir al arte esa capacidad demanda un distanciamiento estructural frente al mercado. El gesto artístico, como ejecución singular del cuerpo humano que no se convierte en un objeto, no puede ser capturado por el mercado, pues, en el caso del gesto, la obra es la actividad misma de obrar. El gesto, en tanto que componente mínimo pero esencial del arte, no solamente se mantiene fuera del poder gravitacional del capital, sino que, al orientarse hacia la acción humana, pone en primer plano la agencia individual y colectiva de los seres humanos para pensar y actuar libremente. Para entender lo anterior, se explica de qué modo la obra/gesto, el gesto artístico, altera la noción de obra de arte, el papel del artista y del espectador y la función que ha de cumplir el museo. Finalmente, se postula el potencial político y educativo del gesto artístico como ejercicio que propicia prácticas de pensamiento libre para sensibilizar a quienes se implican en él respecto de su co-dependencia mutua y su eco-dependencia de la naturaleza.
UNA PROPUESTA PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE LA ESPECIALIZACIÓN EN LA INSPECCIÓN EDUCATIVA
Authors: Rodríguez Bravo Dr. Marcos Francisco , Tébar Cuesta Fernando
Published: May 2024

El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar una propuesta para la implemen-tación y desarrollo de la especialización en la organización y funcionamiento de la Inspección Educativa. Si bien diferentes autores han expuesto la importancia que debe tener la especialización en el desempeño profesional del personal de inspección, no ha llegado a formularse, hasta el momento, ningún planteamiento específico de cómo debe desplegarse en un complejo entramado de funciones y actuaciones inspectoras. Este trabajo pretende, finalmente, poder servir de argu-mento para una necesaria modernización y transformación de la Inspección Edu-cativa, promoviendo principios organizativos más horizontales y en donde los equipos de trabajo adquieran más protagonismo y redunde en una mayor funcio-nalidad y operatividad en las actuaciones e intervenciones del personal de ins-pección.
Փողոցների և հասարակական տրանսպորտի բեռնվածության հավասարակշռում. ի՞նչ անել / BALANCING STREET DECONGESTION AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT: WHAT TO DO?
Authors: SHAHRIMANYAN Tereza
Published: May 2024

Managing transport infrastructure faces numerous challenges and, particularly, urban transport
management requires an integrated approach. Changes in one part of the system, such as an increase
in parking fees, can affect other aspects, including the use of public transport. Increasing parking
fees,often referred to as "red line" fees, that are aimed at reducing congestion on the streets, can undoubtedly influence driver behavior. For this reason, it is also important to consider the possible effects
of the latter on public transport, leading to an increase in passenger flow and public transport congestion. Therefore, to ensure a sustainable and efficient transport future, the importance of balancing
street congestion and public transport must be an integral part of strategic urban mobility planning.
Address Energy Delivery Technologies Based on The Hybrid Electrodynamic Processes
Authors: Burdo Oleg , Terziev Sergey , Sirotyuk Ilya , Molchanov Mikhail
Published: May 2024

An effective tool has been identified for transferring technologies for processing food raw materials onto the rails of the nano-eco-industry — these are hybrid processes in electrodynamic devices. The aim of the work is a comprehensive study of hybrid processes in microwave electrodynamic systems. To achieve the goal, an experimental stand was created, which made it possible to visually confirm the effects of mechanical diffusion and establish the influence of key parameters on the kinetics and energy of hybrid processes. The working section — a model of a capillary-porous structure — was a bundle of calibrated glass tubes. When processing experimental data, the dependences of the influence of field power, channel diameter, temperature, and beam orientation on the kinetics and energy of the hybrid process were obtained. The most significant result of the work is the use of certain modes of organizing hybrid processes to control the extraction process in electrodynamic devices of three types: volumetric, film and circulation. Tests of these structures confirmed the formulated hypotheses of the formation of a hybrid process. The importance of the work lies in the fact that it is shown that the effect of mechanical diffusion is most powerfully manifested in electrodynamic extractors of the circulation type and energy consumption in electrodynamic extractors of the volumetric type is 1.4 times lower, film extractors are 1.5 times lower, and circulation type ones are 1.9 times lower, than in devices of traditional design.
Modeling of the Process of Functioning of the Digester of a Biogas Plant during Methane Fermentation of Сow Manure
Authors: Polishchuk Victor , Shvorov Sergey , Titova Ludmila , Zubok Tatiana , Yevtushenko Vladimir , Dvornyk Evgeny , Valiev Timur
Published: May 2024

Ensuring high and stable biogas output during digester operation is ensured by regulating and monitoring values of control parameters. The purpose of article is to develop model of process of functioning of digester during methane mono-fermentation of cow manure with establishment of values of control parameters. A solution to model was found to obtain dynamics of biogas yield, while experimental and simulated dynamics of biogas yield were as close as possible. The developed model is system of differential equations that describe changes in concentrations of substrate nutrients , methanogen biomass and dynamics of biogas output in digester. The system of differential equations was solved in Simulink package , obtaining dependencies and . The dependence was compared with results of studies conducted on laboratory biogas plant with digester with useful volume of 30 liters at temperature of 37°C with periodic substrate loading system. By selecting parameters of model, resulting function was compared with similar one obtained experimentally. It has been established that in model of digester functioning process during methane mono-fermentation of cow manure, following coefficients have following meaning: bacterial growth rate m3/(kg day); substrate assimilation ; bacterial growth rate m3/(kg day); rate of conversion of nutrients into biogas m6/kg. The obtained values of coefficients make it possible to carry out modeling of process of methane mono-digestion of cow manure and predict biogas yield at different initial values of concentration of methanogen biomass, concentration of substrate nutrients, digester volume, which is used in industrial biogas plants.
Capítulo 5. Inteligencia Artificial en la comunicación de crisis
Authors: Vintimilla-León Diego , Cabrera-Coronel María José
Published: May 2024

Este capítulo discute el papel de la Inteligencia Artificial en la gestión de emergencias, donde puede analizar rápidamente datos para optimizar la respuesta y la comunicación en crisis. Sin embargo, la automatización en la gestión de crisis también puede llevar a decisiones descontextualizadas si no se supervisa adecuadamente. El capítulo sugiere un modelo híbrido donde la toma de decisiones se apoya en la IA, complementada con supervisión humana para garantizar respuestas apropiadas y éticas.
Older Humans and Their Dogs
Authors: Bartram Angela
Published: May 2024

Loneliness and a lack of socialization can have a deteriorating effect on life experience and health. Unfortunately, loneliness is an experience often felt by older people, and interspecies companionship can provide valuable and daily interaction that is positive for well-being. In the place of another human, a dog may inhabit a role as a provider of emotional support.
In Judith Butler’s sense of performative identity, there is a becoming of that which we do. Using an approach of working with (rather than on) people, this informs sensitive and sympathetic methodologies for an analysis of the significance and benefit of interspecies companionship for older people in the initial stages of my artistic research project, Dogs and the Elderly. Made with participants of the Alzheimer’s Society’s “Memory Cafés” in Nottingham and Lincolnshire (UK), the project demonstrates how interspecies companionship can be valuable for supporting the emotional health and wellbeing of older people. This illustrated photo and text article discusses how the project’s older humans and their dogs inhabit a togetherness within supportive interspecies relationships in various ways, and how this contributes to their lived experience. It explores the stories of a group of people, living with or supporting others with early-stage Alzheimer’s, who speak to companionship with their dogs to articulate the significance of the relationship from their perspective.
Demographic Differences among Internalizing Stigmatization, Marital Satisfaction, and Spousal Support Received by Depressive Patients
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Ahmed Muhammad Irfan , Mushtaque Iqra , Haq Inam Ul , Moazim Ali Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Background: There are surprising benefits to being married. Married people have lower stress and are less likely to be depressed. However, depression is not an exemption for married people. In Pakistani society, people undergoing depression are stigmatized as mentally ill. The ideal marriage is supposed to have a good understanding and friendly relationship. Objective: So, the effect of spousal support received by diagnosed depression patients and the level of marital satisfaction attained by a socially stigmatized spouse is the subject of this study. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 240 individuals. After obtaining informed consent,  responses were taken on internalized stigma of mental illness scale, couple satisfaction index, and spousal support scale, respectively. Descriptive and t-test analysis were used to analyze the data through SPSS. Results: The results revealed significant gender differences on the scale of internalizing stigma of mental illness. Depressed husbands showed lower marital satisfaction despite getting more support from their spouses.In contrast, depressed women seem to be satisfied as compared to men. Although demographic variables like love marriage, arrange marriage, the family system had a more significant impact on marital satisfaction and spousal support. Conclusion: This study finding provides information for the therapist can work in areas of depressed married individuals that Internalized stigma affects the quality of life, self-esteem, and sense of well-being that is indispensable to marital satisfaction.
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNICATION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Department of Speech therapy and medical pedagogics, Faculty of Public health, Medical University - Varna, Bulgaria., Pavlova Stanislava
Published: May 2024

Communication with the patient in the process of providing health care is more than speech. It is carried out by applying different methods and strategies. Patient communication in health care is a multifaceted process of interaction between medical professionals and the patient. It is defined as therapeutic communication (TC). It is a holistic approach oriented towards the overall care of the patient. Social interaction takes place through TC, the patient's needs for specific care are determined, problems are controlled and solved, information is sought and given, etc. Therapeutic communication is a type of professional communication. TC is used by medical professionals in their work with patients and their relatives. Effective communication skills of medical professionals stimulate the patient to talk about his problem. They are also used in patient education to improve health outcomes, etc. Showing interest and concern for the patient is a component of the so-called "conversation for the purpose of support". Health care professionals use different approaches when conducting a conversation with the patient - for some, the social side of the conversation is most important, for others – social relationships. The therapeutic conversation builds effective communication with the patient and improves the therapeutic impact. In this way, two essential components are distinguished in TC - emotional and informational.
Economic Growth and Female Participation in the Labour Market: Gender Disaggregated Data
Authors: Mose Naftaly
Published: May 2024

The study aims to examine the impact of economic growth on female labour market participation in Kenya with data spanning between 1991 and 2022. Labour-force data disaggregated by gender are important to monitor the dynamic of gender inequalities in the labour market. The secondary data used to construct the time series was obtained from the World Bank and the International Labour Organization sources. The research was informed by the Feminisation U hypothesis, which describes the tendency of female labour force participation to first decline and then rise in the process of economic growth. The study used a fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and Granger causality test to analyse the long-run effect of economic growth on women's participation in the labour market. The study results indicate that economic growth positively and significantly contributes to women’s participation in the labour market in the long run. Furthermore, the results of the control variables suggest that education has a beneficial effect on women's workforce, while women’s access to the workforce is hampered by male labour market participation, fertility rate, female self-employment and rate of urbanization. The study suggests to policymakers that the strategy to success is to facilitate education, vocational training, and social change that enable women to play the same role as men in the labour market. Finally, women must be in productive sectors and government should remove barriers to ownership of factors of production to encourage them to participate in economic activities and the labour market.
Comparing the Outcomes of Titanium and Stainless Steel Flexible Nails in Repairing Pediatric Long Bone Fractures
Authors: Zamzam Mazen , Bopari Novelpreet , Arapovic Avianna , Kamel-ElSayed Suzan , Saleh Ehab S.
Published: May 2024

Background

Traditionally, pediatric femoral fracture treatment favored conservative methods, relying on casting and the inherent bone remodeling ability in immature bones. Surgical intervention was deferred until age 6, as nonoperative approaches often resulted in complications. Titanium elastic nailing (TENS) emerged as an effective treatment for diaphyseal femoral fractures in ages 6 to 16. However, the choice between TENS and stainless steel elastic nailing (SSENS) remains debated due to inconsistent findings.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of both nailing systems in pediatric long bone fractures.

Methods

A retrospective chart review at William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak included 83 patients aged 6 to 16 treated with TENS or SSENS between January 2011 and January 2021. Data collected encompassed nail related issues, time to fracture union, full weight bearing, and nail removal.

Results

In the TENS group (n=29), the average age was 8.8±2.4 years, and the average BMI was 17.2±3.4. The SSENS group (n=54) had an average age of 9.3±2.7 and an average BMI of 19.7±8.4. Time to fracture union for TENS was 93.8±60.5 days, while SSENS was 82.2±40.0 days.

Conclusion

This study found no statistically significant differences in nail-related complications, time to fracture union, full weight bearing, or nail removal between TENS and SSENS in pediatric long bone fractures. The choice between these systems should be based on individual circumstances. Limitations include a small sample size and the study’s retrospective nature.
Emotional - Behavioral Difficulties and Prosocial Behaviour among Vietnamese Adolescents: the Role of Social Support
Authors: Thi Thuy Nguyen
Published: May 2024

Background

In recent decades, a high prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents has been reported worldwide. In Vietnam, mental health problems such as emotional and behavioural difficulties are relatively common in the adolescent age group.

Objective

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of emotional-behavioural problems and prosocial behaviours in Vietnamese adolescents and identify the role of social support in these adolescents’ strengths and difficulties.

Methods

A population sample of 582 adolescents from sixth to ninth grade from four secondary schools in Vietnam voluntarily participated by completing the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (α = .64) and the Social Support Scale (α = .90).

Results

The research results revealed that Vietnamese adolescents suffered from considerable levels of emotional-behavioural difficulties and prosocial behaviour problems. Through multible regression analysis, support from their families significantly predicted to decrease students’ emotional and behavioural symptoms (β< 0; p< .05) and increasing prosocial behaviours (β> 0; p < .05). In contrast, friend support only contribute to protecting adolescents from behavioural problems (β = -.18; p < .05) and encouraged prosocial behaviours (β = .22; p < .05)

Discussion

Family support had a central role in its positive contribution to reducing emotional-behavioural and prosocial behaviour problems. Friend support only decreased behavioural problems and encouraged prosocial behaviours. These results are interpreted that educators could limit adolescents’ emotional-behavioural difficulties and encourage prosocial behaviours through social support from their families and friends.
Sentencias comentadas. La evolución de la jurisprudencia en materia de desheredación por maltrato psicológico al causante: una vuelta de tuerca para ganar en seguridad jurídica (a propósito de la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo de 19 de abril de 2023)
Authors: De Barrón Arniches Paloma
Published: May 2024

La STS, 1.ª (Pleno), de 19 de abril de 2023, se enfrenta de nuevo a lacuestión de la desheredación por maltrato de obra, en su vertiente psicológi- ca. Desde que en 2014 el Tribunal Supremo iniciara una nueva senda en la interpretación del artículo 853.2.ª CC, se han dictado en total seis resolucio- nes por el alto tribunal. La novedosa jurisprudencia, que pretendía adaptar las viejas reglas del Derecho sucesorio a la realidad social de nuestros días, ha sido modulada (¿matizada?) en el sentido de clarificar cuáles son los requisitos que han de concurrir para poder estimar la existencia del maltrato psicológico al causante. A la luz de estas sentencias del Tribunal Supremo,así como de algunas resoluciones de las Audiencias puede constatarse, en la misma medida, la necesidad social de esta interpretación más flexible del CC y los riesgos inherentes a la misma. De esta manera, el trabajo pretendeaflorar determinadas cuestiones problemáticas que subyacen tras la decisión de una persona de desheredar a sus descendientes. Asimismo, realiza un análisis crítico de la solución jurisprudencial que se ofrece en la sentenciacomentada, con el ánimo de invitar al lector a una reflexión pausada sobre el necesario equilibrio entre flexibilidad y seguridad jurídica en el territorio –difícil y resbaladizo– del maltrato psicológico intrafamiliar.
Sentencias comentadas. A cargo de: Antonio CABANILLAS SÁNCHEZ (Académico senior. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid) Colaboran: Alicia AGÜERO ORTÍZ (Profesora ayudante doctora de Derecho civil. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Carlos CASTELLS SOMOZA (Investigador predoctoral FPI. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Ignacio DÍAZ DE LEZCANO SEVILLANO (Catedrático de Derecho civil. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria), Nicolás DÍAZ DE LEZCANO SEVILLANO (Profesor titular de Derecho mercantil. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria), Javier FERNÁNDEZ- LASQUETTY MARTÍN (Investigador predoctoral FPI. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Sebastián LÓPEZ MAZA (Profesor titular de Derecho civil. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), José María MARTÍN FABA (Profesor ayudante doctor de Derecho civil. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Nicolás MONTES SERRANO (Doctorando. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Carlos ORTEGA MELIÁN (Profesor contratado doctor de Derecho civil. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria), Margarita SÁNCHEZ GONZÁLEZ (Profesora sustituta de Derecho civil. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Francisco SANTANA NAVARRO (Profesor contratado doctor de Derecho civil. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria).
Authors: Cabanillas Sánchez Antonio
Published: May 2024

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Impact of E-WOM on E-Loyalty with mediation role of E-Satisfaction: Evidence from the Egyptian SMEs.
Authors: Taha Abd El Aziz Haythem , Marwa Tarek Abdel Azim Ahmed Prof. Dr. , Ismail Ahmed Ayad Dr. Nihal , Dalia Fahmy Amara Prof. Dr.
Published: May 2024

The goal of this paper is to empirically investigate the influence of the dimensions of the electronic word of mouth (E-WOM) namely: (E-WOM Credibility, E-WOM Quantity) on E-Loyalty with mediation role of E-Satisfaction in Egyptian SMEs. The objectives of this paper are: to investigate the relationship between E-WOM and E-Loyalty, to test the relationship between E-WOM and E-Satisfaction, to examine the relationship between E-Satisfaction and E-Loyalty, and to investigate the mediation role of E-Satisfaction between E-WOM and E-Loyalty. The methodology used is focused on quantitative analysis utilizing an online survey questionnaire tool to collect the necessary data and AMOS software for structural equation model analyses (SEM). The study's main findings are that: there is a statistically significant direct effect between E-WOM and E-Loyalty, as well as a statistically significant direct effect between E-WOM and E-Satisfaction. E-Satisfaction has a statistically significant direct effect on E-Loyalty. Finally, the study found that there is a partial mediation effect of the E-Satisfaction between E-WOM (E-WOM Credibility, E-WOM Quantity) and E-Loyalty in Egyptian SMEs.
The Effect of Good Corporate Governance and Financial Performance on Company Value
Authors: Suhardi Ray Farandy , Fadli Jul Aidil
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of good corporate governance and financial performance on firm value. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sector which are listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2015-2019. The sample in this study was selected using purposive sampling method with predetermined criteria in order to obtain as many as 10 samples. The analytical method used is descriptive statistical test analysis and hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that good corporate governance and financial performance together have an influence on firm value. The results of the partial test showed that there was no effect between the number of independent commissioners on firm value, while the number of female board of directors and financial performance had an effect on firm value.
The Effect of Brand Image and Product Quality toward Wardah Cosmetics Consumers’ Loyalty as A Study on Students Management Study Program, Faculty of Econom ics and Business, Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu
Authors: Sapitri Liana , Onsardi Onsardi
Published: May 2024

This study almed to determine the effect of brand image and product quality toward Wardah Cosmetics Costumers’ loyalty as the study on Students of Management Study Program, Faculty Economics and Business, Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu. The data collection technique of this study used observation, interviw, and quetionnaire. The data analysis technique of this study used instrument tests, classical assumption tests, analysis of respondents’ respones, multiple linier analysis of the determination coefficient and also hypotesis testing. The result of the study show that in line with the multiple linier test obtained the regression equation which is as follows: Y= 5.224 + 0.200 (X_1) + 0.332 (X2). The test result can be seen that the variable Brand Image (X1) show tcount> ttable (2.502 > 1.98580) and (sig <α = 0,014 < 0.050) variable Product Quality (X2) obtained tcount> ttable (9.150 > 1.98580) and (sig <α = 0,000 < 0.050). Based on the finding above can be concluded that Brand Image and Product Quality have a positive and significant effect toward Wardah Cosmetics Costumers’ Loyalty as a study on students of Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Muhammadiyah University of Bengkulu.
Economic Development Planning in Medan City
Authors: Haya Salwa Fadhilah , Andini Risfa Dwi , Nasyaa Sultan Rasy , Siregar Iyas Alwi , Wulandari Sari
Published: May 2024

Economic development in an area must go through several plans and targets both long term and short term. The process leading to the realization of some of these targets is useful for conditioning the capacity for increasing the economy of the community. One of the characteristics of society that has gone hand in hand with economic development is marked by the widespread use of technology and changes in a more positive direction from the mindset of the people to institutional institutions. The research method used as an analytical tool in this study is a descriptive type with the aim of obtaining a projected representation of a participation and procedural regulatory mechanism in the community during the process of preparing the RPJMD in Medan City from 2010 to 2025. The analytical steps used are secondary data or data. supporting information in the form of a collection of information regarding the results of interviews with respondents as well as providing an appropriate presentation with an explanation of the matrix accompanied by the presentation that has been displayed by the researcher. The variety of informants or respondents used as a collection of information in this study involved various elements such as social organizations, elements from the Medan city government to academics under the auspices of universities to the mass media and the main element is the Medan City DPRD. The process of compiling the results of this research is oriented towards a question and answer process or interviews by applying qualitative analysis steps with the aim of criticizing various phenomena in the process of preparing reports and investigating phenomena regarding the research topic. The continuation of the process is a data analysis technique using logical interpretation supported by previously collected data. The results of this study are that in development planning, Medan City has a challenge by having to handle an area of 265.10 km2, with an estimated population density of 9,836.56 people/km2 in 2025. This population increase can be an obstacle in handling development planning., however This is also an opportunity if the government can take advantage of this population increase. For population growth itself in 2025 there will be a decline, which in 2020 is expected to grow by 1.03 to 0.94% in 2025.