bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charging Station Location and Sizing for Electric Vehicles Under Congestion
Authors: Kınay Ömer Burak , Gzara Fatma , Alumur Sibel A.
Published: June 2023

This paper studies the problem of determining the strategic location of charging stations and their capacity levels under stochastic electric vehicle flows and charging times taking into account the route choice response of users. The problem is modeled using bilevel optimization, where the network planner or leader minimizes the total infrastructure cost of locating and sizing charging stations while ensuring a probabilistic service requirement on the waiting time to charge. Electric vehicle users or followers, on the other hand, minimize route length and may be cooperative or noncooperative. Their choice of route in turn determines the charging demand and waiting times at the charging stations and hence, the need to account for their decisions by the leader. The bilevel problem reduces to a single-level mixed-integer model using the optimality conditions of the follower’s problem when the charging stations operate as M/M/c queues and the followers are cooperative. To solve the bilevel model, a decomposition-based solution methodology is developed that uses a new logic-based Benders algorithm for the location-only problem. Computational experiments are performed on benchmark and real-life highway networks, including a new eastern U.S. network. The impact of route choice response, service requirements, and deviation tolerance on the location and sizing decisions are analyzed. The analysis demonstrates that stringent service requirements increase the capacity levels at open charging stations rather than their number and that solutions allowing higher deviations are less costly. Moreover, the difference between solutions under cooperative and uncooperative route choices is more significant when the deviation tolerance is lower.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on 2021 TSL Workshop: Supply and Demand Interplay in Transport and Logistics.

Funding: This research was supported by the Ontario Graduate Scholarship when Ö. B. Kınay was a PhD candidate at the University of Waterloo, and this support is acknowledged.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2021.0494 .
Cord care practices and use of chlorhexidine gel among mothers in a hospital in southwest Nigeria
Authors: Olubiyi Simeon K , Anyebe Emmanuel E , Adeyinka Morohunkeji K , Ololade Ruth O , Gambari Yusuf A , Ojo Funmilayo E , Adeola Richard , Bello Cecilia B , Akingbade Oluwadamilare
Published: June 2023

Background/Aims

Using chlorhexidine gel for neonates during the first week of life is an important strategy for preventing sepsis and achieving optimal cord care. This study aimed to assess knowledge and practice of cord care and the use of chlorhexidine gel among mothers attending a hospital in southwest Nigeria.

Methods

A descriptive survey was carried out, using random sampling to select 184 mothers attending antenatal and postnatal clinics in Lagos State General Hospital, Shomolu, Lagos. Associations between variables were tested using Pearson's correlation at 0.05 significance.

Results

Almost two-thirds (64.1%) of participants understood that the soiled umbilical stump should not be cleaned with water and over half (52.7%) disagreed with the use of substances such as methylated spirit, toothpaste and hot water for cord care. In practice, 97.8% cleaned the baby's umbilical cord and 84.8% cleaned the umbilical stump with chlorhexidine gel. Almost a fifth (19%) of participants applied other substances such as alcohol (methylated spirit), herbal preparations or hot water to the umbilical cord. A statistically significant association was found between knowledge and practice of cord care (P<0.001).

Conclusions

This study suggests that the use of chlorhexidine gel in cord care among mothers has improved compared to previous studies. More studies are needed to confirm this finding. Some participants used unhealthy cord care practices, including herbal preparations and hot water, implying a need for further interventions to address misconceptions.
Getting with the Times
Authors: Grylls Bethan
Published: June 2023

Despite reservations, the Cloud is helping to revolutionise broadcasting.
Use of a Microwave Sensor to Monitor Bulk Density during Grain Drying
Authors: Lewis Micah A. , Trabelsi Samir
Published: June 2023

Highlights

An eighth-scale grain drying system was used to monitor real-time change of bulk density in a bed of wheat during drying.

Density was determined from dielectric properties measured by a microwave sensor at the center of the bed.

Density was simulated at other locations by modeling heat and mass transfer.

Root mean square error (RMSE) when comparing the simulated results to the empirical results at the center of the bed was 0.0054 g/cm3.

Abstract. Agricultural commodities such as cereal grains, oilseeds, and nuts are dried before and during storage to minimize, if not prevent, degradation of quality. While drying, heat and mass transfer occur simultaneously resulting in the removal of moisture from the product over time. As the moisture is removed, mass and volume are reduced. Such losses produce shrinkage, and thus, density changes throughout the drying product for the duration of the drying process. Density is an important parameter because it is indicative of other quality parameters such as test weight. It is also critical for operators because it can be used to estimate grain mass in silos, determine resistance to airflow, and predict grain pressure in silos. Despite its usefulness, bulk density is difficult to measure at specific locations within a bed of grain or seed. It can be calculated for small quantities and estimated for large quantities by gravimetric means; however, it has been shown that bulk density varies throughout a bed of grain or seed. Such variances are caused by compaction from upper layers and differences in moisture content. Therefore, an eighth-scale grain drying system was used to observe the real-time change in bulk density within a 153,000-cm3 volume bed of wheat. Bulk density was determined empirically at the center of the volume from dielectric properties measured with a microwave sensor, and it was simulated at other locations by modeling heat and mass transfer. Comparison between the bulk density determined from simulation and that measured empirically at the center of the volume of wheat resulted in a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0054 g/cm3; thus, the accuracy of the models was confirmed. Real-time knowledge of bulk density at various locations can aid in monitoring the quality of the product being dried and provide essential information concerning the pressure and airflow throughout the entire volume. Keywords: Bulk density, Dielectric properties, Drying modeling, Grain drying, Microwave sensing, Real-time monitoring.
‘Off topic in some places (global warming)’: a critical and radical response to connecting social work teaching to a global climate emergency
Authors: Graham Geraldine
Published: June 2023

In 2012, Lena Dominelli brought us a timely and essential warning that it was time for the social work profession to recognise its role in examining how the environmental crisis will cause hardship and suffering to communities with whom the profession has traditionally worked. It is fair to say that progress has been slow; a search of published module descriptors for social work programmes delivered across Scotland indicates that there remain barriers to engagement with the climate crisis. This article will focus on the importance of incorporating a critical and radical perspective into social work teaching. This will be achieved by reflecting on, first, learning and teaching theory, and, second, psychological theory, such as the theory of normative conduct. Insight into the reasons for resistance to participation in discourse about the impact of the environmental crisis will be explored through reflecting on climate change theory, teaching theory and the curriculum, along with psychological barriers. This article argues that the critical and radical approach to social work teaching is ideally situated to lead on the inclusion of environmental challenges in social work education and practice.
Fabrication of tungsten-based optical diffuser using fiberform nanostructure via efficient plasma route
Authors: Feng Shuangyuan , Natsume Hiroki , Kajita Shin , Li Enhao , Yasuhara Ryo , Tokitani Masayuki , Tanaka Hirohiko , Ohno Noriyasu
Published: June 2023

Optical diffusion is an essential process used to manage photons in a wide range of photoelectric systems. This work proposes an approach to fabricate novel optical diffusers by a plasma-processing technique, using fiberform nanostructures formed by helium plasma irradiation and subsequent annealing. After an annealing procedure in the air for oxidation, the optical properties and the light-diffusing abilities of these nanostructured thin films were studied. In addition to the morphology analysis and total transmittance measurement, the diffusion efficiency of the optical diffusers was analyzed using a transmitted scatter distribution function (TDF). It was revealed that the diffusion efficiency of a device with an irradiation time of 30 minutes could reach 97%. The results demonstrate the potential of these nanostructured optical diffusers for various photoelectric applications.
Scattering suppression in underwater LIDAR signal processing based on Wavelet-ICA method
Authors: Yang Suhui , Liu Xinyu , Fan Chao , Xu Zhen , Feng Li
Published: June 2023

A new underwater lidar signal-processing method based on wavelet transform (WT) and independent component analysis (ICA) is presented in this paper. The proposed method combines WT and ICA to overcome that the number of observations required for ICA must be equal to or greater than the number of sources to be separated. In the new method, the observation matrix of ICA is constructed from multi-layer wavelet time-domain decomposition in a single measurement. The Wavelet-ICA method avoids the uncertainties in multiple measurements caused by the change of measurement conditions and reduces the error of ICA algorithm. In addition, the new method greatly improves the frequency resolution of the echo signal by introducing wavelet transform. It can remove both the noises caused by low-frequency scattering and high-frequency electromagnetic clutters. The new approach was tested in an underwater lidar system. The pulse light source operates at a repetition rate of 50 kHz, with an average output power of 3 W and a pulse duration of less than 1 ns. An APD detector and the acquisition system with a bandwidth of 1 GHz is used to receive the echo signals. We used a piece of black rubber as the target. Underwater target ranging experiments were conducted when the attenuation length(AL) was 10. The ranging accuracies were compared: without any scattering suppression algorithm, the ranging accuracy was 12 cm; with only WT, the accuracy was 4 cm; using the Wavelet-ICA method, the ranging accuracy was improved to 2 cm. The signal processing method can suppress strong scattering clutter in turbid water, thus greatly improving the ranging accuracy.
Innovative protocol of an exploratory study evaluating the acceptability of a humanoid robot at home of deaf children with cochlear implants
Authors: Stiti Sabrina , Caroux Loïc , Gaillard Pascal , Paubel Pierre-Vincent , Deguine Olivier
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a research methodology for the assessment of the acceptability of a humanoid robot at home for children with cochlear implants (CI). The quality of audiology rehabilitation for cochlear implanted child administrated at the hospital with pluri-weekly sessions is a major prognostic factor in the outcome on communications abilities, but represents also a constraint for families related to the access to care that are more difficult. Further, home training with tools would balance the equitable distribution of care in the territory and promote the child’s progress. The humanoid robot should allow an ecological approach to this complementary training. Before developing this approach, it is necessary to study the acceptability of the humanoid robot at home, both by cochlear implanted child and their families. Ten families were chosen to have a humanoid robot at home, to explore their acceptability of the humanoid robot Pepper. The study lasts for 1 month per participants (i.e. cochlear implemented children and parent). Participants were invited to use the robot at home as much as they want. The humanoid robot Pepper was able to communicate and proposed activities not related to rehabilitation. Once a week during the study, data were collected from participants (questionnaires and robot’s logs) and the smooth running of the study was checked. Questionnaires are used to evaluate the acceptability of the robot by children and parents. User data from the robot’s logs are used to quantify the time and the actual use of the robot over the period of the study. Results of the experimentation will be reported, once all 10 participants have completed their passation. The robot is anticipated to be used and accepted by children with cochlear implants and their families.

Clinical trial registration: Clinical Trials ID: NCT04832373; https://clinicaltrials.gov/.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on nursing higher education at Chengdu University
Authors: Cai Peiling , Shi Ya , Cui Jianing , Wang Junren , Ren Juan , Hambly Brett D. , Bao Shisan , Xu Zhongqing
Published: June 2023

Background

To combat/control the COVID-19 pandemic, a complete lockdown was implemented in China for almost 6 months during 2020.

Purpose

To determine the impact of a long-term lockdown on the academic performance of first-year nursing students via mandatory online learning, and to determine the benefits of online teaching.

Methods

The recruitment and academic performance of 1st-year nursing students were assessed between 2019 [prior to COVID-19, n = 195, (146 women)] and 2020 [during COVID-19, n = 180 (142 women)]. The independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney test was applied for a comparison between these two groups.

Results

There was no significant difference in student recruitment between 2019 and 2020. The overall performance of the first-year students improved in the Biochemistry, Immunopathology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing and Combined Nursing courses via mandatory online teaching in 2020 compared with traditional teaching in 2019.

Conclusion

Suspension of in-class learning but continuing education virtually online has occurred without negatively impacting academic performance, thus academic goals are more than achievable in a complete lockdown situation. This study offers firm evidence to forge a path for developments in teaching methods to better incorporate virtual learning and technology in order to adapt to fast-changing environments. However, the psychological/psychiatric and physical impact of the COVID-19 lockdown and the lack of face-to-face interaction on these students remains to be explored.
Sharks associated with a large sand shoal complex: Community insights from longline and acoustic telemetry surveys
Authors: Reyier Eric , Ahr Bonnie , Iafrate Joseph , Scheidt Douglas , Lowers Russell , Watwood Stephanie , Back Brenton
Published: June 2023

Offshore sand shoals are a coveted sand source for coastal restoration projects and as sites for wind energy development. Shoals often support unique fish assemblages but their habitat value to sharks is largely unknown due to the high mobility of most species in the open ocean. This study pairs multi-year longline and acoustic telemetry surveys to reveal depth-related and seasonal patterns in a shark community associated with the largest sand shoal complex in east Florida, USA. Monthly longline sampling from 2012–2017 yielded 2,595 sharks from 16 species with Atlantic sharpnose (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae), blacknose (Carcharhinus acronotus), and blacktip (C. limbatus) sharks being the most abundant species. A contemporaneous acoustic telemetry array detected 567 sharks from 16 species (14 in common with longlines) tagged locally and by researchers elsewhere along the US East Coast and Bahamas. PERMANOVA modeling of both datasets indicate that the shark species assemblage differed more across seasons than water depth although both factors were important. Moreover, the shark assemblage detected at an active sand dredge site was similar to that at nearby undisturbed sites. Water temperature, water clarity, and distance from shore were habitat factors that most strongly correlated to community composition. Both sampling approaches documented similar single-species and community trends but longlines underestimated the shark nursery value of the region while telemetry-based community assessments are inherently biased by the number of species under active study. Overall, this study confirms that sharks can be an important component of sand shoal fish communities but suggests that deeper water immediately adjacent to shoals (as opposed to shallow shoal ridges) is more valuable to some species. Potential impacts to these nearby habitats should be considered when planning for sand extraction and offshore wind infrastructure.
Professional social media: Are trainee journalists ready to embrace social media for work or is it just a personal tool of communication?
Authors: Connolly Emer
Published: June 2023

The media landscape in Ireland has changed substantially. Traditionally, print publications were one of the main sources of news. However, this trend has shifted dramatically as patterns of news consumption have altered: digital delivery is now the norm and social media have become a key part of media content. Consumers want instant access to news 24/7. It is essential that trainee journalists are adequately equipped with the key skills required to take up posts and thrive in this industry where the multi-skilled approach is key. I taught an online journalism module to three groups of undergraduate students in an Irish university and examined their perceptions of the use of social media for work. This research found that just one in three students was willing to use social media for work, while the remaining two-thirds were either undecided or reluctant to do so. I also examined what form of social media they preferred to use and found that Facebook and Twitter were the preferred options. Overall, the majority of students were happy to blog or podcast, particularly if they were given the opportunity to concentrate on subjects of their choice.
ASPECTOS GEO-HISTÓRICOS DA EXPANSÃO URBANA DE LARANJAL DO JARI – AMAPÁ
Authors: Santos Carla de Mattos , Avelar Valter Gama de
Published: June 2023

Localizada ao sul do estado do Amapá, a área urbana do município de Laranjal do Jari teve sua expansão marcada pela ausência de planejamento, o que reflete diretamente na configuração atual de ocupação na cidade. Entende-se que uma análise histórica, pontuando cronologicamente os momentos em que houve a implantação de grandes empreendimentos na região, justifique as formas de uso e ocupação que se estabeleceram naquele local desde a década de 1970, quando surgiu um núcleo populacional, até os dias atuais. Para isso, além do levantamento de dados históricos da evolução urbana do município, foi realizado trabalho de campo, a fim de ilustrar o atual cenário da ocupação urbana, que ocorre em duas áreas hidrogeomorficamente distintas: o Planalto Dissecado e a Planície de Inundação do rio Jari.
CONSUMO, CRÉDITO E COTIDIANO: PAGAMENTOS INSTANTÂNEOS (PIX) E POR APROXIMAÇÃO E NOVAS PRÁTICAS DE GESTÃO DA RENDA NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos Flaviane Ramos dos , Santos Felipe César Augusto Silgueiro dos
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre consumo, crédito e cotidiano no Brasil demonstrando que, a partir da expansão do crédito e ampliação do consumo de uma parcela significativa da população, sobretudo a de menor poder aquisitivo, verificamos que houve, em certa medida: a) alterações nas práticas de consumo como, por exemplo, a compra de bens cujo valor à vista não caberia no orçamento familiar, porém por meio do crédito parcelado passa a ser possível; b) surgimento de novas práticas de gestão da renda, mediante o uso de vários cartões, do empréstimo de cartões de terceiros, parcelamento das compras e uso do crédito rotativo; c) aumento do uso de novas formas de pagamento mediadas pela tecnologia, como o cartão por aproximação e o PIX. Tal análise tem por princípio fomentar o debate referente à expansão dessa modalidade de compras amplamente utilizada, demonstrando como o dinheiro de plástico tem pautado o cotidiano das famílias brasileiras, principalmente alterando sua dinâmica de consumo. Entretanto, o aumento do consumo à crédito aliado à má gestão da renda significa um comprometimento de boa parte do rendimento mensal, o que, em muitos casos, leva ao endividamento e à inadimplência.
VARIAÇÕES SAZONAIS DO ÍNDICE DE TEMPERATURA EFETIVA (ITE) E ÍNDICE DE CALOR (IC) COM O USO DO SOLO EM ZONA URBANA NA AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL
Authors: Moreira Pedro Hugo Oliveira , Costa Antonio Carlos Lola da , Silva Júnior João de Athaydes , Cunha Alan Cavalcanti da
Published: June 2023

Recentes estudos na Amazônia demonstram que a urbanização é o fator mais impactante dos padrões microclimáticos, contrastando com a redução da cobertura vegetal, o elemento mais relevante para a manutenção do conforto térmico. O objetivo da investigação é analisar a variação do índice de conforto térmico na cidade de Macapá-AP sob influência do uso e ocupação do solo, especialmente em relação à redução da cobertura vegetal. A metodologia de investigação consistiu na análise do índice de temperatura efetiva e Índice de calor como fatores preditivos do conforto térmico durante três períodos sazonais distintos: chuvoso (abril/2018), seca (novembro/2018) e de transição (junho/2019). Com esse propósito foram escolhidos estrategicamente cinco sítios urbanos geográfica e criteriosamente distribuídos ao longo dos eixos Nordeste-Sudoeste e Oeste-Leste da cidade, usando a técnica de classificação supervisionada e monitoramento de séries temporais da temperatura média e umidade relativa do ar. Os resultados sugerem que as áreas mais vegetadas evitam a extrapolação dos limites dos índices de conforto térmico (p<0,05), ratificando resultados similares da literatura registrados em outras cidades amazônicas. Assim, o Índice de Temperatura Efetiva variou entre confortável e desconfortável e o Índice de Calor variou entre confortável e cautela, apresentando amplitude espaço-sazonal térmica considerável.
Filosofía y arquitectura religiosa
Authors: Costante Mariana Melisa
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo de reflexión parte de la convicción de que el objeto fundamental del edificio eclesial del culto católico no se agota en el hecho de servir de soporte al programa litúrgico, sino que lo supera. Desde el suelo común de lo profano, su tarea esencial radica en la concreción sensible de una «visión» fundamental sobre la existencia (dios–yo–mundo). En función de los corrimientos filosóficos que caracterizan la interacción de lo inmanente y lo trascendente, se pretende enriquecer los caminos pensamiento y acción más oportunos para la resolución efectiva del programa religioso, contemplando su anclaje en el mundo secular sin retraer su talante «sagrado». A tal fin, luego de indagar sobre la naturaleza primitiva de estos recintos y su resignificación durante el pasado siglo —atendiendo en paralelo a transformaciones metafísicas y epistemológicas de la cultura contemporánea— se explorará su producción actual a través de cinco pequeñas capillas, otorgando especial interés a su cualificación estética y simbólica. Dicho trayecto permitirá construir un encuadre particular sobre el panorama general de esta arquitectura, desde el cual será posible identificar nuevos modos de representación de lo sagrado en los que la «materialidad arquitectónica» prima como recurso de actualización de la memoria cultual.
La disociación entre lo que un sector económico quiere y lo que un gobierno municipal puede ante la crisis por Covid-19. Un estudio para Bahía Blanca
Authors: Martínez Cintia Karina , Ibáñez Martín María
Published: June 2023

Los efectos sanitarios y económicos del COVID-19 desafían a los gobiernos y los obligan a implementar políticas para mitigar las consecuencias sobre el nivel de actividad. Los gobiernos locales carecen de herramientas para atender las demandas de los sectores económicos afectados. En este trabajo se busca indagar acerca de las dificultades que enfrenta el gobierno del municipio de Bahía Blanca para atender los requerimientos de los comerciantes locales. A partir del análisis del marco institucional y de un relevamiento realizado al sector comercial por la Comisión de Reactivación Económica convocada por el municipio en el contexto de la pandemia, se encuentran inconsistencias entre las demandas que los agentes económicos afectados realizan al gobierno municipal y la oferta de políticas públicas locales. El gobierno municipal tiene poco margen de acción y las políticas dependen de los gobiernos nacional y provinciales. Al mismo tiempo, los comerciantes muestran vulnerabilidad financiera lo que implica una fuerte dependencia de ayudas externas para sortear situaciones de riesgo o dificultades económico-financieras.
Un ejercicio de crítica melancólica
Authors: Alle María Fernanda
Published: June 2023

A partir del análisis en torno a la confianza en la utopía revolucionaria que trasuntan las poéticas comunistas del siglo XX y su contraste con un presente distópico en el que se ha disipado el horizonte de futuro que esas poéticas anunciaban, este trabajo propone una reflexión crítica acerca de la práctica de investigación en la actualidad en tanto «ejercicio melancólico». Toma como disparador un poema que Robert Desnos le dedica a Raúl González Tuñón en 1937, durante el Segundo Congreso de Intelectuales para la Defensa de la Cultura, para indagar algunos momentos artísticos, políticos y teóricos puntuales de una historia apenas esbozada de sucesivos comienzos y finales del futuro utópico revolucionario.
«...y asegurando que el sol daba vueltas en el cielo»
Authors: Pacheco Andrés
Published: June 2023

Juan Diego Incardona (1971) es un escritor argentino. Publicó una saga (cuentos, novelas e incluso una nouvelle) que trata la transformación de Villa Celina, un barrio en los límites de conurbano bonaerense, después de la consolidación del neoliberalismo en Argentina durante la década de 1990. En esta serie de textos, compuesta por cuatro volúmenes (Villa Celina [2008], El campito [2009], Rock barrial [2010] y Las estrellas federales [2016]), Incardona expone las consecuencias catastróficas de las políticas neoliberales y consolida mitos peronistas. Al dejar en claro que los mitos propuestos en la saga son intencionales, esta narrativa avanza una postura partidaria y deja en claro sus potenciales políticos. A pesar de este proyecto, y en un paso hacia adelante, Incardona también ofrece una reflexión sobre el rol de los mitos y de la literatura en la generación de conocimiento. Hay una tensión constante entre una supuesta autonomía de los mitos y el anhelo de dirigirlos, y es aquí donde reside la condición de posibilidad de la narrativa de Incardona.
Gal Costa o el cuerpo melicanoro de la musa popular
Authors: Aguilar Gonzalo
Published: June 2023

Este ensayo aborda la figura de la cantante brasileña Gal Costa a partir de tres «escenas»: el tropicalismo, la cultura del show musical globalizado de los años setenta y sus visitas a Buenos Aires en tiempos de la dictadura. Haciendo eje en la voz, el cuerpo, la performance y las vestimentas de la cantora, se propone una lectura política de sus intervenciones no como una militancia activista sino a partir de categorías en principio apolíticas como la sensualidad o la interpretación vocal. El ensayo termina con un análisis que le dedicó el poeta Haroldo de Campos en su libro La educación de los cinco sentidos.
«Pagaría por no verte»
Authors: Charrúa Clara
Published: June 2023

El objeto del presente trabajo es analizar en ciertas letras de tango de Celedonio Flores los usos del melodrama en las configuraciones del dolor masculino y de la movilidad social ascendente como tópicos centrales de este género (Karush, 2013). Postulamos como hipótesis que mientras que del reino de los sentimientos hilvanado en el folletín de tirada masiva (Sarlo, 2011) la mujer era reina y cautiva, otro imperio sentimental se consolida en el circuito del tango porteño, en las letras de tango en general y en las de Flores en particular. Analizaremos los imaginarios que se despliegan en sus letras y los modos en que en el tango, como ritual, inventa y perfila una figura de varón asociada, destinada para la clase trabajadora y dota de politicidad a las pasiones deshaciendo el binomio afectivo entre saber y sentir (Macón, 2021) y configurando los roles y las relaciones de género entre varones y mujeres.
Entre el Río de la Plata y Santiago
Authors: Madrid Moraga Luis
Published: June 2023

El artículo se propone examinar los músicos pardos y mulatos de finales del siglo XVIII y las primeras décadas del siglo XIX e indagar sobre el posicionamiento social logrado a partir de sus prácticas de larga data en el desarrollo de la música europea catedralicia. Se analizan las vinculaciones familiares y profesionales desde el marco de la Historia Social y el campo de los Estudios Afrodescendientes. Se concluye que la apropiación de música occidental europea por parte de individuos racializados, junto a una serie de patrones sociales fueron factores coadyuvantes para la movilidad social de un grupo de músicos de origen africano en la primera mitad del siglo XIX en Chile.
Evaluaciones sobre la eficacia clínica de la ivermectina en el control de los pequeños estróngilos equinos (Cyathostoma spp). Status de susceptibilidad o resistencia en establecimientos del área central de la Argentina
Authors: Cooper Laura Gabriela , Paz Benard Benjamín José , Caffe Gabriel , Fernández Llanos Ignacio , Anziani Oscar Sergio
Published: June 2023

Los pequeños estróngilos (o grupo Ciatostoma) comprenden a más de 50 especies y son los parásitos más comunes de los caballos adultos en todo el mundo. El control está basado en el uso masivo de antihelmínticos lo cual está permitiendo el desarrollo de fenómenos de resistencia.  El Test de Reducción en el conteo de huevos (TRCH) es actualmente el método más utilizado para detectar la resistencia antihelmíntica, mientras que el Período de Reaparición de Huevos (PRH) puede actuar como un indicador temprano de la misma. Este estudio evaluó la actividad de lactonas macrocíclicas (ivermectina y moxidectina) en 192 equinos de 15 establecimientos del área central de la Argentina utilizando el TRCH y un modelo jerárquico Bayesiano para el análisis de los datos. La misma metodología se utilizó sobre la semana 7 post tratamiento para detectar posibles acortamientos en el PRH. La eficacia general de ambas lactonas evaluada 14 días post tratamiento fue muy alta en todos los establecimientos (99,8%-100 %) y en uno sólo de estos se observó un acortamiento del PRH. Es necesario un uso más selectivo de estas drogas para preservar su vida útil y demorar el desarrollo de resistencia.
Nitrogen and potassium fertilization strategies in integrated systems in different black oat management on corn crop
Authors: Brugnara Soares André , Simioni Assmann Tangriani , Luis Missio Regis , Kieling Severo Igor , Beatris Zanella Jaqueline , Tairini Kagimura Luryan , Arenhardt Matias
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to evaluate levels of potassium and nitrogen fertilizer inversion in the black oat crop on corn crop yields. The experimental design was a randomized block design with subdivided plots with three repetitions. The treatments were four nitrogen fertilization strategies, four potassium fertilization strategies, and two oat crop managements (forage and cover crop). The strategies involved winter (oats) and summer (corn) application, respectively, with the following combinations of nitrogen (200-0; 150-50; 50-150; 0-200 kg N ha-1) and potassium (80-0; 60-20; 20-60; 0-80 kg K ha-1). We evaluated the morphological aspects, grain productivity, chlorophyll contents, and light interception of oats for forage production and ground cover, and for corn the yield components and productivity. Oats managed as forage showed higher forage mass production but lower values of residual biomass, canopy height, extended tiller length, lodging index, radiation interception, and oat chlorophyll A and total. Light interception in the oat crop was higher when nitrogen was applied in the pasture. For the corn crop, nitrogen applied partially on black oat and the remaining on corn row crop increases stalk diameter. Fertilization strategies showed no significant effect on both crops in the system, indicating that it is possible to reverse or apply the entire amount of N and K predicted for the two crops in winter.
Online-Ausstellungen. Bedeutung, Herausforderungen und Potenziale für Literaturarchive und Nachlassinstitutionen
Authors: Rettenwander Susanne
Published: June 2023

Der Beitrag widmet sich dem neuen Format der Online-Ausstellung mit besonderem Fokus auf die Bedeutung, die Herausforderungen und die Potenziale für Literaturarchive und Nachlassinstitutionen. Zudem werden die Online-Ausstellungen an der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek (ÖNB) inhaltlich vorgestellt.
Proteins turn “Proteans” – The over 40-year delayed paradigm shift in structural biology: From “native proteins in uniquely defined configurations” to “intrinsically disordered proteins”
Authors: Frixione Eugenio , Ruiz-Zamarripa Lourdes
Published: June 2023

The current millennium brought up a revolutionary paradigm shift in molecular biology: many operative proteins, rather than being quasi-rigid polypeptide chains folded into unique configurations – as believed throughout most of the past century – are now known to be intrinsically disordered, dynamic, pleomorphic, and multifunctional structures with stochastic behaviors. Yet, part of this knowledge, including suggestions about possible mechanisms and plenty of evidence for the same, became available by the 1950s and 1960s to remain then nearly forgotten for over 40 years. Here, we review the main steps toward the classic notions about protein structures, as well as the neglected precedents of present views, discuss possible explanations for such long oblivion, and offer a sketch of the current panorama in this field.
Comparison and commutability study among four faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) systems
Authors: Deprez Liesbet , Piggott Carolyn , van der Hagen Eline A.E. , Frasa Marieke , Benton Sally C.
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Faecal immunochemical tests for haemoglobin (FIT) are used in colorectal cancer screening programs around the world and increasingly for triage of symptomatic patients. FIT results are currently not traceable to a common reference standard and results obtained on various FIT systems may not be equivalent. The size of the bias between the systems is difficult to quantify due to the complex pre-analytical aspects of FIT.

Methods

This study aimed to quantify the bias and the correlation between four FIT systems by measuring a panel of 38 faecal samples while limiting the effect of the pre-analytical aspects. In addition, the commutability of seven candidate reference materials (RM) was assessed.

Results

Pairwise method comparisons based on faecal samples demonstrated Pearson correlation coefficients ranging between 0.944 and 0.970 and an average proportional bias of −30 to −35 % for one FIT system compared to the other three. The relative standard deviation among biases of the individual samples was around 20 %. Due to these sample specific differences, no decisive conclusions could be drawn in the commutability study. However, two candidate RMs, prepared in the FIT system-specific storage/extraction buffers, had a better commutable profile than the other five.

Conclusions

The use of a common threshold for all FIT systems is currently not possible due to the presence of a proportional bias. We have identified potential commutable RMs to take to further studies on the production of a common calibrator, with the aim being to reduce the analytical bias observed on different FIT systems.
Perinatal, obstetric and parental risk factors for asthma in the offspring throughout childhood: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Caparros-Gonzalez Rafael A. , Essau Cecilia , Gouin Jean-Philippe , Pemau Andres , Galvez-Merlin Alejandra , de la Torre-Luque Alejandro
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Asthma is a common chronic and burdensome disease which typically begins in childhood. The aim of this study was to assess perinatal and obstetric factors which may increase the risk of developing asthma in the offspring.

Methods

Data from five consecutive waves (n=7,073 children, from birth to 15 years old) from a nationally-representative birth cohort of people born in the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2002, the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), were used. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve was used to graphically display the risk of developing asthma from early childhood to adolescence. The Z-based Wald test was used to prove significant covariate loading.

Results

Cox regression analyzing the influence of covariates on asthma development risk showed a significant likelihood ratio test, χ2(18)=899.30, p<0.01. A parent with asthma (OR=2.02, p<0.01), a younger maternal age at delivery (OR=0.98, p<0.05), and the use of assisted reproductive technology (OR=1.43, p<0.05) were associated with an increased risk of developing asthma in the offspring.

Conclusions

Perinatal factors (a younger maternal age, assisted reproductive technology) and a parental factor (a parent with asthma) increased the risk for developing asthma in the offspring.
Velamentous cord insertion in monochorionic twin pregnancies: a step forward in screening for twin to twin transfusion syndrome and birthweight discordance?
Authors: Pinho Beatriz B. , Neves Mafalda , Pasion Rita , Matias Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Two major complications of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies are twin to twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and birthweight discordance. The current screening ultrasound test for these pathologies combines the detection of nuchal translucency discrepancy and abnormal ductus venosus in at least one twin, in the first trimester. We aim to determine whether combining the presence of velamentous cord insertion in at least one twin increases screening efficiency.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort with a sample of 136 MCDA twin pregnancies followed at Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, during a 16-year period.

Results

The combination of abnormal ductus venosus in at least one twin and nuchal translucency discrepancy is associated with the development of TTTS with an OR of 10.455, but not with birthweight discordance. The combination of these first trimester markers with velamentous cord insertion is not associated with the development of either outcome.

Conclusions

The presence of velamentous cord insertion in MCDA pregnancies is not associated to TTTS development. Therefore, the addition of this marker to the first trimester screening would not effectively predict the development of birthweight discordance or TTTS. However, a positive currently used screening test increases the risk of developing TTTS by about ten times.
Subjective well-being in informal caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Guedes Daniela Alves , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Carvalho Amâncio António de Sousa
Published: June 2023

The study of subjective well-being (SWB) is important as it is related to the reduction of morbidity and mortality, with the maintenance of functionality and autonomy in the elderly population. The impact of the formative intervention on the SWB of informal caregivers (ICGs) during the pandemic crisis of COVID-19 was analyzed. This study is a quasi-experimental single-group, longitudinal study with a sample of 31 ICGs and their dependents. A form was used for data collection, and data processing was performed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Of the total sample, the majority were female (90.3%). The difference between the mean of positive affection and negative affection at Moment 1 (M1) was –0.0581 ± 0.71590 and 0.04645 ± 0.53326 at Moment 2 (M2). The mean rank ordering of the difference between the two types of affection differed significantly between M2 and M1 (Wilcoxon: p < 0.000), with that of M2 being higher than M1 (16.93 > 2.50). The formative intervention, within the scope of community nursing, had a significant impact on increasing the SWB of the ICG in this sample. This study may contribute to improving the SWB of ICG and their dependents.
Effect on orofacial pain in patients with chronic pain participating in a multimodal rehabilitation programme – a pilot study
Authors: Holmström Anna-Karin , Vallin Simon , Wänman Anders , Lövgren Anna , Stålnacke Britt-Marie
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Orofacial pain in patients taking part in a multimodal rehabilitation programme (MMRP) due to chronic bodily pain is common but it is not known whether such a rehabilitation programme can also have an effect on the presence of orofacial pain. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an MMRP on orofacial pain frequency. The second aim was to evaluate differences in the effect on quality of life and on psychosocial factors related to chronic pain.

Methods

MMRP was evaluated through validated questionnaires from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation (SQRP). Fifty-nine patients participating in MMRP filled out the two screening questions for orofacial pain in addition to the SQRP questionnaires before and after participation in MMRP during the period August 2016 to March 2018.

Results

Pain intensity decreased significantly after the MMRP (p=0.005). Fifty patients (69.4 %) reported orofacial pain before MMRP and no significant decrease after the programme (p=0.228). Among individuals with orofacial pain, the self-reported level of depression decreased after participation in the programme (p=0.004).

Conclusions

Even though orofacial pain is common among patients with chronic bodily pain, participation in a multimodal pain programme was not enough to reduce frequent orofacial pain. This finding implies that specific orofacial pain management including information about jaw physiology could be a justified component of patient assessment prior to a multimodal rehabilitation programme for chronic bodily pain.
O discurso que vale ouro: a dimensão econômica do pensamento de Serzedelo Correia
Authors: CERQUEIRA FILHO G.
Published: June 2023

This article seeks to trace the creativity and uniqueness of Brazilian economic thought at the turn of the twentieth century, in its radical liberal strand. It examines the financial policy of the First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930) and the political-ideological debates of the era. Based on the methodological premises of the social analysis of ideas, we highlight the thinking of Inocêncio Serzedelo Correia, a trained military man who played an active role in Brazil’s economic and industrialist debates. Serzedelo Correia was also the creator and founding minister of the Federal Court of Accounts in 1892, with the power to supervise the use of public resources. Taking a selection of his works as a source, the article highlights his role in the project of construction of nationality and bourgeois hegemony in the First Republic, based on themes such as industrialization, the strengthening of the national market, business, economic independence, the containment of profits, and state interventionism. Our hypothesis is that Serzedelo’s liberalism united economics and politics to combat favor ideology and clientelism, valuing autonomy, independence, and moral and ethical principles.
WYBRANE SUBSTANCJE BIOAKTYWNE POCHODZENIA ROŚLINNEGO I ICH ROLA W ZAPOBIEGANIU NOWOTWOROM
Authors: GODERSKA KAMILA , NIKRANDT GRZEGORZ
Published: June 2023

Background. Cancer poses a major public health challenge. Cancer treatment is expensive, burdened with many side effects, and in the case of some types of cancer, ineffective. This is related to the high degree of complexity of metabolic disorders accompanying the growth of neoplastic tissue. Therefore, special attention is paid to primary prevention, the aim of which is to reduce the risk of disease. Primary prevention activities focus on reducing exposure to modifiable risk factors, which include e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity and poor diet. Results and conclusion. The paper presents literature reports on the protective effect of bioactive compounds of plant origin against the development of cancer. Individual groups of compounds such as fibre, stilbenes, carotenoids, glucosinolates, betalains, phytitians, flavonoids, isoflavones and anthocyanins were characterized. The anti-carcinogenic properties of bioactive ingredients are discussed, taking into account the molecular mechanisms underlying their action. Particular attention was paid to the sources of compounds with anticancer activity present in food and the way these substances act on the processes of growth and migration of cancer cells. In addition, the results of experiments using in vitro and in vivo models as well as case-control trials with human participants are presented.
Neural Signatures of Hierarchical Linguistic Structures in Second Language Listening Comprehension
Authors: Lu Lingxi , Deng Yating , Xiao Zhe , Jiang Rong , Gao Jia-Hong
Published: June 2023

Native speakers excel at parsing continuous speech into smaller elements and entraining their neural activities to the linguistic hierarchy at different levels (e.g., syllables, phrases, and sentences) to achieve speech comprehension. However, how a nonnative brain tracks hierarchical linguistic structures in second language (L2) speech comprehension and whether it relates to top-down attention and language proficiency remains elusive. Here, we applied a frequency-tagging paradigm in human adults and investigated the neural tracking responses to hierarchically organized linguistic structures (i.e., the syllabic rate of 4 Hz, the phrasal rate of 2 Hz, and the sentential rate of 1 Hz) in both first language (L1) and L2 listeners when they attended to a speech stream or ignored it. We revealed disrupted neural responses to higher-order linguistic structures (i.e., phrases and sentences) for L2 listeners in which the phrasal-level tracking was functionally related to an L2 subject’s language proficiency. We also observed less efficient top-down modulation of attention in L2 speech comprehension than in L1 speech comprehension. Our results indicate that the reduced δ-band neuronal oscillations that subserve the internal construction of higher-order linguistic structures may compromise listening comprehension in a nonnative language.