bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIÊM TIỂU PHẾ QUẢN CẤP Ở TRẺ EM MỘT SỐ CẬP NHẬT VỀ CHẨN ĐOÁN VÀ ĐIỀU TRỊ
Authors: Bùi Quang Nghĩa , Dương Mỹ Linh , Võ Văn Thi , Nguyễn Thị Thanh Nhàn , Lê Hoàng Mỷ , Hà Văn Lực
Published: February 2023

Viêm tiểu phế quản cấp là bệnh lý nhiễm trùng cấp tính đường hô hấp dưới, biểu hiện bệnh với tình trạng viêm và tắt nghẽn đường hô hấp nhỏ. Nguyên nhân được biết là do virus hợp bào đường hô hấp và Rhinovirus. Trong hầu hết các trường hợp, viêm tiểu phế quản cấp là một bệnh tự giới hạn. Tuy nhiên, diễn tiến của bệnh có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi nhiều yếu tố như tình trạng sanh non, khói thuốc lá, mùa, tuổi của trẻ,… khiến cho việc chẩn đoán và điều trị chủ yếu theo kinh nghiệm mà chưa thực sự dựa vào chứng cứ y học. Bài tổng quan này sẽ cung cấp một số thông tin cập nhật mới về chẩn đoán, điều trị cũng như dự phòng bệnh viêm tiểu phế quản cấp ở trẻ em dựa trên đồng thuận của AAP-American Academy of Pediatrics (Viện Hàn lâm Nhi khoa Hoa Kỳ) và NICE-The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Viện Quốc gia về Sức khỏe và Chăm sóc toàn diện Anh quốc).
Pit and fissure sealants – an update
Authors: O'Neill Deirdre , Kinirons Michael , Harding Mairead , Nayyar Junaid
Published: February 2023

##Purpose

To evaluate evidence on pit and fissure sealants available since the publication: Pit and fissure Sealants: Evidence-based guidance on the use of sealants for the prevention and management of pit and fissure caries (2010) and assess whether there is a need to adapt current practice, considering the Covid-19 pandemic.

##Process

Search Strategy: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Guideline International Network and Medline through PubMed databases were searched from January 2010 to June 2020. The guidelines that were used as a basis for the original guideline were also searched for updates. Ninety-six relevant papers were identified. In-vitro studies and review papers were excluded, and the 35 remaining studies were critically appraised, with results from relevant studies tabulated including the strength of the evidence.

##Results

1. Pit and fissure sealants are effective and should be placed on first and second permanent molars. 2. Non-operative cleaning of fissures using a toothbrush or bristle brush is recommended. Mechanical preparation of fissures is not recommended. 3. Patients should be recalled at six-month intervals, or more frequently based on caries risk level. 4. Fluoride application can be considered when pit and fissure sealants cannot be satisfactorily placed and patients recalled within three to six months depending on caries risk level.

Further research is required to establish:

1. 5. The use of self-etching agents. 2. 6. The use of a bonding agent when placing sealants.

##Conclusions

Processes should be put in place to ensure regular updating of guidelines.
Comparison of Examination Results of Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) Method on BTA Preparations that are Directly Stained with Delayed Preparations
Authors: Hasanuddin Asni , Setianto Rony , Dewi Belinda Arbitya
Published: February 2023

Tuberculosis is a direct infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most tuberculosis germs attack the lungs, which is known as Pulmonary Tuberculosis (pulmonary TB), but can also affect other organs, which is called extrapulmonary TB. Pulmonary TB germs in the form of rods, have special properties, namely acid resistance to staining. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of examination of acid fast bacilli (AFB) by the Ziehl Neelsen method on smear preparations which were immediately stained and left to stand for three days. The research was conducted using a descriptive approach with a sample of 10 people using a purposive sampling technique. In this study, staining was carried out twice, namely direct staining and delayed staining for 3 days and examined under a microscope. The results showed that there was no difference between the preparedness that was immediately colored and the one that was postponed for three days.
Relationship Between Hemoglobin Levels (Hb) and Nutritional Status with Academic Achievements of STIK KESOSI TLM Students in 2022
Authors: Yuliandi Nofri Eka , Apriani Apriani , Safitri Laili , Manulang Aris Cristian
Published: February 2023

Students who excellence academically are always associated with good health status. One indicator of health status that is commonly used is hemoglobin (Hb) and nutritional status. Hb levels can be an indicator of anemia and nutritional status can be a measure of a person's brain development ability. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hemoglobin (Hb) levels and nutritional status with the academic achievement of TLM STIK KESOSI students in 2022. The research design was cross-sectional, and sampling was carried out in October - November 2022. Sampling using a non-random technique, with a total sample of as many as 36 students. Data collection was carried out by measuring Hb levels, body weight, and height. The data obtained were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The results showed that 47.2% of students were in the category of normal nutritional status, and 91.7% were not anemia. The relationship between Hb levels and student nutritional status on student academic achievement showed no significant relationship (P> 0.05). In conclusion, normal or not Hb levels and nutritional status did not affect student learning achievement. However, efforts are still needed to maintain the stability of Hb levels and nutritional status in students. So that the impact is not only to increase academic achievement but also to maintain the quality of long-term health.
Inhibition of Apoptosis of Liver Cells of Mice Infected With Plasmodium berghei Through The Expression of Caspase-3 Using Sargassum duplicatum Extract
Authors: Ukratalo Abdul M
Published: February 2023

The process of apoptosis is an integrated process between external and internal factors involving several enzymes (Caspase-9, -8, -7, -6, -3) that act as major players in the process of apoptosis. This research aims to determine the potential of brown algae methanol extract Sargassum duplicatum against inhibition of apoptosis of liver cells of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei through the expression of caspase-3. Mice weighing 20–30 grams in Plasmodium berghei infection as much as 0.1 ml per head and left until the percent of parasitemia reaches 1-5%. Then mice (Mus musculus) were given methanol extract of Sargassum duplicatum seaweed at a dose of 1 gr / 100 ml, 10 gr / 100 ml, 100, gr / 100 ml, and 200 gr / 100 ml for 4 consecutive days and observed until day 6. After that, a histological preparation was made with immunohistochemistry staining to see the expression of caspase-3. The results of the observations will be analyzed descriptively. The results showed that Sargassum duplicatum methanol extract was able to inhibit liver cell apoptosis in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. The decrease in Caspase-3 expression in this study is thought to be caused because the brown algae Sargassum duplicatum contains flavonoid compounds, tannins, and saponins which can reduce the pro-inflammatory cytokine caspase-3 through the role of NF-kB which is a transcription factor that plays a role in stimulating and coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses.
Analysis of Embryo Development and Early Performance of Larvae of Barbonymus Schwanenfeldii: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mafruchati Maslichah , Makuwira Jonathan
Published: February 2023

Tengadak fish is a freshwater fish that can be found in rivers, lakes and canals and ditches. One of the important phases in fish development is the embryo. Embryo development (embryogenesis) is more in the process of formation and development of the embryo, not only the increase in the number and mass of embryonic blastomer cells but also the activity of blastomeric cells.The purpose of this study was to analyze the stages of embryonic development and early larval performance in Tengadak fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii). This study used systematic literature review using data from PubMed, NCBI, Google Scholar databases using keywords, namely, “embryo, performance, Tengadak fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii)”.  Approximately, 350 articles were obtained for the keywords “embryo, performance, Tengadak fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii)”. All articles were selected based on inclusion criteria and exclusion and obtained as many as 27 articles that meet the inclusion criteria  From the results of research conducted, it can be concluded that this research has sequentially described the embryonic development and early performance of the larvae of the barbonymus schwanenfeldii. Need research on the other animal for future research.
KEDUDUKAN DAN WEWENANG MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Masrufah  , Wibowo Arif
Published: February 2023

kelembagaan atau dalam tata keorganisasian, keberadaan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai salah satu badan peradilan yang tidak berada di bawah Mahkamah Agung, sebagaimana badan-badan peradilan lainnya  dan hal ini berarti terdapat dua badan peradilan tertinggi dalam kekuasaan kehakiman, yakni Mahkamah Agung dan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Permasalahan yang telah ada , ialah  Bagaimana fungsi dan kedudukan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia. Kedudukan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga Negara yang mandiri di bidang yudisial dan berimplikasi terhadap Mahkamah Agung, jika sebelumnya kedudukan Mahkamah Agung adalah Badan Peradilan tertinggi yang membawahi seluruh Pengadilan di Negara Republik Indonesia, kini ada satu badan peradilan yang tidak berada di bawah, bahkan kedudukannya sejajar dengan Mahkamah Agung yaitu Mahkamah Konstitusi bahkan Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui kewenangan konstitusionalnya untuk menguji konstitusionalitas Undang-Undang, dapat menunda pelaksanaan kewenangan Mahkamah Agung dalam menguji Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang tingkatannya dibawah Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-undang.
An Evaluation of the Kansas Case Management Program in a Community Support Services Network
Authors:   , Becker Terry
Published: February 2023

This study is a program evaluation of the Community Support Services program at High Plains Mental Health Center. The Community Support Services program utilizes the Kansas Case Management model for the Severe and Persistently Mentally Ill, formerly labeled the Chronically Mentally Ill. The present study examined the patterns of patients’ movement as they relate to several propositions that underlie the philosophy and implementation of the deinstitutionalization movement. Subjects were the members of the Community Support Services program who met the criteria for classification as Severe and Persistently Mentally Ill in the state of Kansas. Statistical analyses were performed, comparing hospital daily log admission information to the Larned State Hospital from the High Plains Mental Health Center for the fiscal years 1986-1989 to 1990-1992. Additional information on patterns of patient movement were illustrated from information gained from clinical files of consumers of the Community Support Services at High Plains Mental Health Center. Results of this study indicate a statistically significant increase in admissions to Larned State Hospital from the High Plains Mental Health Center catchment area even with the implementation of the Kansas Case Management Program. There was also a significant increase in the number of first time admissions to Larned State Hospital. An increase in recidivist admissions was not found to be significant. A steady decrease in average length of stay was also found to be nonsignificant due to the decrease found before implementation of the Kansas Case Management Program. The attempt to examine patterns of movement of the clients of the Partial Hospitalization and Community Support Programs was not successful due to the manner in which data were recorded over the time period under consideration.
Remembering the Experience of War: A Sensory Study of the Vietnam War and Collective Memory
Authors:   , Randolph Jacob
Published: February 2023

The Vietnam War is remembered in a variety of ways. It is remembered as a war against communism, yet one that was also against American ideals of freedom. It is remembered as a war of patriotism, yet one that was also against the numerous military members who fought in it. It is remembered as a war for integration and unity among black and white, yet many African-Americans remember the time period as a war being fought abroad and at home. Memory of the war is obviously contradicting, but then again the 1960s and 1970s oftentimes were.\r This thesis examines how the Vietnam War has been remembered in the American collective memory. The Korean War, a war similar in many ways, is used as a reference for comparison. Despite shared characteristics, people have alternative memories of each, with the Korean War being remembered as a forgotten war. Much of these differences can be explained through sensory history, which is a fairly new field of historical analysis.\r By examining how soldiers and citizens were sensing the wars (through sight, hearing, smelling, tasting, and touching), it becomes evident that the memory of the Vietnam War diverges due to different cultural interpretations. Media, especially through the television, acted both as a preserver of memory as well as a stimulator of the senses. Contradictions arose within these memories and senses based off of cultural characteristics. The counter-memory from the minority populations spread to the dominant memory of the whites. This split the overall memory of the war, resulting in no clear dominant collective memory. This analysis of the Vietnam War provides a new perspective on the war not previously done before.
Decision-Making as a Function of the Business Executive
Authors:   , Phumiwasana Amphol
Published: February 2023

The majority of business executives have little idea of how they make their decisions. Therefore, this study was made for the purpose of suggesting improvements in making effective executive decisions. SUMMARY AND FINDINGS: The main characteristic of the service of a business executive is to represent a specialization of the process of making organizational decisions. In essence, his function is to make effective decisions. This study was made to examine the process of decision-making within the framework of a logical, rational approach. It enables an executive to visualize his activities in an objective way. By using this logic, quite complex problems can be resolved. It was recommended that the executive should not only have to learn the decision-making process instinctively, but he should also recognize the environmental factors involved in his decision-making. It was also recommended that the executive should be aware of his personal bias which may create an indirect impact on his decisions and prevent him from making a sound decision.
Consolidation And Reform: Middle School Considerations -The Case Of The Lebanon R-III School District In Lebanon, Missouri
Authors:   , Mills Janci
Published: February 2023

This case study examined the implementation of a new public middle school following intra-district consolidation in rural Missouri. Lebanon R-III saw the intradistrict consolidation of a sixth grade building, and a seventh/eighth grade building, creating a middle school. This initiative prepared students, faculty and staff to experience a middle school aiming to improve the learning experience for students in grades six through eight. The implementation of consolidation, school reform initiatives, and the current school status were discussed in this case study. Data was collected and examined regarding the perceptions of teachers about the effectiveness of implementation strategies used in the consolidation. It is clear from the data analysis that the overall perception was the consolidation of Lebanon Middle School was successful. Specifically, participants indicated that the emphasis of data-informed decision making, a safe, respectful, caring environment, a belief that all students can learn, a recognition that the two buildings consolidating faced unique challenges, and the importance of an atmosphere of collegiality and professionalism were the most effective strategies for the staff and students in the transition of the two buildings.
Difference Equations: Theory and Applications
Authors:   , Whipple Ira
Published: February 2023

Mathematics is often called the oldest science, but it might also be called the most modern of sciences. In many aspects it is so modern that practical uses have not been found. While “pure\ mathematicians develop new ideas and concepts with small attention to possibilities of practical applications, the applied scientist regularly discovers uses which may never have been considered by the originator.
Apostrophe Ess
Authors:   , Choonhasakulchoke Wuthichai
Published: February 2023

I believe the most efficient way to communicate is to use the least amount of information with the highest clarity. Reaching the optimal point between the amount of data and clarity is sometimes deceptive, and this might be the point where a distinction is made between efficient and inefficient design.
The Technical Aspect of Materials Used in Creating an Illusive Visual Experience
Authors:   , Huffman Larry
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis has been to explore different techniques and materials which can be used to create an illusive vision. For the most part, I tried to stay within the same frame work as other conventional artists. Although my canvases seem to differ a great deal from most, they do incorporate basically the same materials as other canvases, that is - the stretcher strips and canvas. I attempted to use them in untried ways which gave the final product new dimensions. While exploring the typical stretched canvases, it was my opinion that the surfaces could be changed within this basic frame by simply employing the use of the other three sides of the stretcher strips. This was achieved by pulling part of the canvas beneath the frame instead of over it. What resulted was an irregular surface that formed the receded depth of the frame which gradually disappears into the regular surface. So before I started to paint the canvas, I had the advantage of an illusive surface which picked up light sources and cast shadows as a result of the differences in planes.
An Exploratory Study of University Students' Knowledge of Alcoholism
Authors:   , Ochs Roger
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to examine university students’ knowledge of alcoholism. The total sample consisted of 153 students from a small Midwest university. The students participating in the study included 112 females and 41 males, 29 who were freshmen, 44 sophomores, 39 juniors, and 41 who were seniors. Five independent variables were investigated: 1) gender, 2) age, 3) group predisposition, 4) grade point average, and 5) college classification. The dependent variable was knowledge of alcoholism. Knowledge of alcoholism was divided into the following three subparts to more specifically test university students’ knowledge: 1) identification, 2) Alcoholism Family Implications, and 3) Alcoholism Recovery Implications. The instrument used to test for knowledge of alcoholism was developed by the researcher using materials from various authors. A pilot study was conducted in order to delineate the best questions. A three group status survey design was employed using pre-designated groups. Five null hypotheses were tested on a total knowledge score plus each of the three knowledge of alcoholism subparts. Thirteen of the 20 main effects and two interactions were significant at the .05 level. The results of this study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1) female students possessed a greater knowledge of alcoholism. 2) Students who were older possessed a greater knowledge of alcoholism. 3) Predisposition had no effect upon Identification and Family Implications knowledge of alcoholism. 4) Students with no predisposition possessed less knowledge of alcoholism pertaining to Recovery Implications and Total score than students with a non-treated or treated pre-disposition. 5) Students with a grade point average above 3.25 possessed more knowledge of alcoholism for the Identification and Family Implications components than students with a grade point average below 2.75. 6) Students with a grade point average above 3.25 possessed more knowledge of alcoholism for the Recovery Implications and Total score components than students with a grade point average 3.25 and below. 7) There was no relationship between college classification and students’ knowledge of alcoholism.
The Study and Synthesis of Aminothiazoles
Authors:   , Suazo Eddie
Published: February 2023

A method for the preparation of 2-amino-4-phenylthiazoles and its derivatives has been performed. Considering that some previous methods were time consuming, a way has been found to prepare these compounds in reasonable amounts of time. The need of finding a convenient way of brominating acetophenones was investigated. The use of selective bromination with copper (II) bromide offered a convenient method so that compounds could be brominated without the need of isolating the lachromatory products. The products obtained from this type of bromination were then reacted with thiourea to arrive at the aminothiazole.
Self-Esteem of Elementary and Middle School Children
Authors:   , Garner Sheri
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate factors associated with the self-esteem of fourth and seventh graders. The sample consisted of 460 students. The independent variables were gender, grade level, race, socioeconomic status, and family structure. The dependent variable was scores from the Personal Attribute Inventory for Children. The researcher tested 5 composite null hypotheses at the .05 level of significance. Each composite null hypothesis was tested with the three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 18 comparisons were made plus 17 recurring. Of the 18 comparisons 5 were for main effects and 13 were for interactions. Of the 5 main effects 2 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The following main effects were statistically significant: 1. Grade level for the dependent variable self-esteem, and 2. Family structure for the dependent variable self-esteem. Of the 13 interactions 1 was statistically significant at the .05 level. The statistically significant interaction was for the independent variables grade level and socioeconomic status and the dependent variable self-esteem. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Students living with both biological parents have greater self-esteem than those living in other family structure, 2. Grade level and socioeconomic status should be interpreted concurrently, 3. No association between gender and self-esteem, and 4. No association between race and self-esteem.
Stimulus Control and Psychophysical Scaling: The Use of a Counting-Like Schedule in Quantifying Circle Size in the Pigeon
Authors:   , Werth James
Published: February 2023

This study introduces a new approach to psychophysical scaling in infrahuman organism through the use of the \count\ schedule. Two pigeons were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in enabling non-verbal subjects to \quantify” stimuli that vary along a single dimension. Data obtained in this study were used to produce a psychophysical scale comparing the relationship between perceived and actual physical size of several circles.
Foreign Trade Trends in South Korea
Authors:   , Park Young-Woo
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the trends in South Korea's foreign trade for the period 1960-1968 in order to indicate some of the problems which have contributed to its balance of payments deficit and to suggest some possible solutions to these problems. This thesis explores (1) various policies of the Korean government to promote exports, and to control imports, (2) the composition of invisible trade, (3) the structure of principal commodities and world markets, both in exports and imports, and (4) problems and recommendations to improve the current position of the balance of payments of the country. Invisible trade has expanded steadily, with a surplus of receipts over payments, while visible trade has shown a deficit. However, exports grew much more rapidly than imports, and this has resulted in narrowing the trade gap, by a ratio of from 1:10 to 1:3 in 1960 and 1968 respectively. Export commodities were much more diversified in 1968 than in 1960. This rapid growth of exports was due to effective policies and the measures utilize by the Korean government to promote exports. The expansion of imports has been attributed to a demand for raw materials for export industries, imports of capital goods for the establishment of import substitution industries, and some essential goods for stabilizing prices. The trade gap is expected to continue until the major import substitution industries are constructed and put into operation. Thereafter, Korea's foreign trade gap can be expected to be improved if exports continue to grow at their present rate while imports stay at their present tempo after the planned projects are completed.
How Do School Psychologists Overcome Language Differences When Assessing Students Who Have Limited English Proficiency? : A Survey of School Psychologists and Their Current Practices
Authors:   , Eccles Derek
Published: February 2023

Banter and Tollefson (2003) explored what school psychologists felt were acceptable assessment practices when working with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) students. In the current study school psychologists in Kansas were surveyed concerning their current assessment practices for LEP students. A response rate of 42.5% (N=85) was obtained. Only 29% of these school psychologists stated that they received graduate training concerning how to work with LEP students. Even though so few received training, 91% of the school psychologists who had completed LEP assessments considered their assessments to be valid. Also, in the Bainter and Tollefson (2003) study 85% of the surveyed school psychologists felt that using a bilingual school psychologist to conduct LEP assessments was always an acceptable practice. However, in the current study only 37% of the respondents stated that they had access to a bilingual school psychologist, either through their cooperative or through a contract with a nearby district to conduct the LEP assessments.
A Study of Property Taxes in Hodgeman County, Kansas
Authors:   , Biggs George
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was not to discuss or consider taxation problems, but (1) to compare the low-valued property with the high-valued property; to see if the low-valued property was taxed at a higher rate than the high-valued property, using market price and assessed value as the basis for comparison; and (2) to consider the 1959 Session Laws of Kansas relating to reappraisal of real property and the resulting effect on the taxpayers of Hodgeman County.
The Psycho-Physical Evaluation of Selected Textbooks In High School English
Authors:   , Hegarty William
Published: February 2023

That there is a need for scientific analysis and appraisal in the selection of textbooks is well established. The use of a flexible rating scale or chart that may be modified from time to time to meet the needs of present day English fundamentals is of great value ill the selection of high school textbooks. Out of such conditions as these arose the particular problem of this thesis, which, specifically stated, is The Psycho-physical Evaluation of Selected Textbooks in School English. The problem is designated psycho-physical evaluation because the study has two areas of investigation. The physical investigation deals only with those factors which may be classified as natural or material and includes such items as: binding, table of content, author data, etc. The psycho evaluation, however, deals with those problems which concern the mental activities and techniques used in teaching and learning.
Life Satisfaction and Self-Worth of Parents with Behaviorally Disordered Children : The Effect of Parental Motives
Authors:   , Duncan Amy
Published: February 2023

The current study empirically examined the relationship between six Reiss (2000) motives, as measured by the Reiss Profile of Fundamental Goals and Motivation Sensitivities, and the presence/absence of a behaviorally disordered child on a parent’s reported life satisfaction and self-esteem, measured by the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale in 117 participants. The motives of interest were Independence, Acceptance, Order, Social Contact, Family, and Tranquility. Previous research has established that both parent and child in a family with a behaviorally disordered child report less life satisfaction than families with non-diagnosed children. Life satisfaction has been liked to self-esteem in previous literature. To date, research has not examined the relationship between these two factors and internal motives in parents of behaviorally disordered children. The current study found, through planned comparisons, that parents with an ODD/CD child and a high need for four of the six motives as defined by Reiss (220) showed significantly lower self-esteem than all other parents tested. ODD/CD parents with high levels of need for five of the six motives were found to have significantly lower life satisfaction.
Establishing Goals and Objectives for the Purpose of Strengthening the Statewide A-95 Clearinghouse in Kansas
Authors:   , DeGaeta Paul
Published: February 2023

Has the State of Kansas adequately carried out its clearinghouse functions as outlined in the Office of Management and Budget Circular A-95? Through this function, has the state provided substantial comments that have affected the outcome of federal grants in Kansas? In order to identify the problems that exist in the current A-95 operations in the Statewide Clearinghouse of Kansas, this study was conducted. It has been determined that the Statewide A-95 Clearinghouse has no established goals and objectives on which to base its operations. The Statewide A-95 Clearinghouse has only minimal priority programs and review criteria on which to base A-95 reviews. The size of the staff is devoted to A-95 is inadequate to deal with the large volume of applications received by the Statewide Clearinghouse. The information obtained and compiled into reports form the large number of applications for federal assistance has only been analyzed or made available to state policy makers on a limited basis or when time permitted. These and other findings resulting from this study provide the basic for several recommendations which may improve the Statewide A-95 Clearinghouse process in Kansas.
Relationship of Otoacoustic Emissions to Pure Tones in Evaluating Hearing of College Males
Authors:   , Acheson Christy
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between pure tone audiometry results and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) results in college age males. Twenty-four college age males participated in this study. Twelve subjects had normal hearing and twelve subjects had sensorineural hearing loss. All participants had to have otoscopic examination results and tympanometry results within the normal range to be included in the study. Subjects were administrated a pure tone threshold test and a DPOAE test between the frequencies of 500 Hz and 8000 Hz. The results of the two tests were analyzed at various octaves to determine if a relationship existed between them. The findings of this study indicated that there was a significant relationship between pure tone results and DPOAE results in the hearing-impaired group, whereas the two measures did not significantly correlate in the group with normal hearing status other than to document normal hearing.
Coping with Anger-Provoking Incidents
Authors:   , Krueger Michael
Published: February 2023

This thesis was designed to address two questions. Question 1 was \What kinds of coping strategies do people use in dealing with anger-provoking incidents?\ Question 2 was \what kinds of coping strategies are associated with effective and ineffective anger management for anger-provoking incidents?\ The method of the research entailed asking 122 undergraduate students (48 males, 74 females) to complete a packet of self-report instruments. Students were asked to identify the incident that had made them the most angry in the past several weeks. The packet included a questionnaire that assessed their situation specific coping responses to this incident as well as a questionnaire that assessed effective and ineffective anger management with respect to the incident. Students also responded to a questionnaire that measured general dispositional coping styles with respect to anger-provoking incidents, and a questionnaire that measured traits that reflected general effectiveness and ineffectiveness of anger management with respect to anger-provoking incidents. Question 1 findings for dispositional coping styles and situational coping responses revealed significant differences in usage of coping strategies for dealing with anger-provoking incidents. Strategies least used for dealing with anger-provoking incidents were usually those that Carver et al. (1989) have previously regarded as maladaptive strategies (e.g., denial, behavioral disengagement, alcohol), strategies most used for dealing with anger-provoking incidents were usually those that Carver et al. (1989), have regarded as adaptive strategies (e.g., planning, seeking instrumental social support, seeking emotional social support). There was little significant difference in use between these most-used adaptive strategies. The most noteworthy question 2 findings were that the coping strategies of planning and positive reinterpretation and growth were positively associated with effective anger management. These strategies are not typically included in anger management interventions. The observed associations between these strategies and effective anger management seemed substantial enough to suggest further investigation to determine whether teaching these strategies in anger management programs would improve the efficacy of these interventions.
A Study of Property Taxation in Ellis County for 1957
Authors:   , Connell Donald
Published: February 2023

This study of the administration of the property taxes in Ellis County was made for the purpose of suggesting improvements to modernize the tax system. METHODS AND PROCEDURES EMPLOYED: All personal property statements filed in Ellis County for the year 1957 were read and examined. The real property assessment records were examined and a comparison of the assessed valuation of several real properties was made. The General Statutes of Kansas were also read and examined in regard to assessment and taxation. SUMMARY AND FINDINGS: A lot of property is escaping assessment and taxation each year. Much of the property that is being assessed is undervalued. The personal property statement does not contain enough space for adequate description of property being assessed. It was recommended that state legislation be passed to require individuals owning property to keep a record of the original cost of such property, that merchants be required to keep an accurate record of monthly inventories, and that the personal property statement be enlarged for a more adequate description of property. It was recommended that special booklets be published by the state prescribing valuations for items of personal property common to the average farm and household.
Evaluation and Analysis of Acting in Selected Roles
Authors:   , Laspisa Barbara
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to provide a written analysis and evaluation of the preparation for the acting and the performing of selected roles in the theatre. The written thesis includes the evaluation of characters portrayed and methods for preparation for performance of selected roles. The sociological, psychological and theatrical analyses of the roles were viewed for the nature of the individual roles in relationship to other characters as well as the whole play. Utilized in this analysis is material found in reviewing the literature, when available, about each role along with self-evaluation of the role and the director's evaluation, interpretation and instructions for characterization. Supplementary to the written preparation and character analysis, tape recording was used to facilitate vocal characterizations. A permanent video-tape was made of selected scenes to provide a record of the event of performance as a supplement to the written thesis. Upon selection of a role, the following was used to prepare for the performance of the role: I. Each play was read in its entirety for first impressions of mood and meaning of the play. A. Objectivity was maintained as to the theatrical value of the play. B. Subjectivity was limited to likes and dislikes of the work as a whole. II. The story and theme and the production style were discussed with the director. lll. Each play was analyzed for the sociological and psychological implication of the play as a whole. IV. Individual parts played were analyzed for: A. Psychological aspects such as desires and goals and their motivational influences on the character. B. Family relationships as to their influences on the character. C. General social environment as to its motivational influence. D. Development of character as seen in the play, as an individual and in relation to other characters, as a result of the above influences. V. The literature was investigated to determine previously written analyses of character as found in critical analyses of historical, modern and contemporary drama by actors, directors, playwrights, and theatre critics. A. The playwright's intent was determined for each role to be performed as seen in the literature. B. The literature was related to the director's analysis and the personal analysis of the role. VI. The psychology of the role and the vocal and body mannerisms intrinsic to the character were developed. A. The tape recorder was used to assist in developing intrinsic vocal characteristics. B. The director was consulted as to the correctness of character interpretation. VII. The roles were performed. VIII. Video-tapes of selected scenes were made as a permanent record of the acting events and are filed in the Radio-Television tape library of the Fort Hays Speech Department. IX. Personal views of each performance were summarized as to the effectiveness of characterization and performance.
Effects of Training and Token Reinforcement on Cooperative Behaviors with Profoundly and Severely Retarded Adult Subjects
Authors:   , Dreiling Charlene
Published: February 2023

This pilot study investigated the effect of group training within a token economy system on cooperative behavior in severely and profoundly retarded institutionalized adults. Vineland Social Maturity Scale scores were used to choose eight ward residents who were subsequently assigned to four-member training groups. Group cooperative behavior was defined as passing an object, lifting an object, and group assembling. Frequency of cooperative behaviors reaching the defined criterion generally increased in response to the training-token reinforcement learning combination. Implications of the results obtained in this pilot study appear to indicate this combination may be effective in training heretofore untried tasks with profoundly and severely retarded subjects.
Length-Weight Relationships and Coefficients of Condition of Four Species of Fish from the Saline and Smoky Hill Rivers, Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Johnson Douglas
Published: February 2023

Samples of red shiners Notropis lutrensis (Baird and Girard), sand shiners Notropis stramineus (Cope), stonerollers Campostoma anomalum (Rafinesque) , and plains killifish Fundulus kansae Garman from the Saline and Smoky Hill rivers of Ellis County , Kansas , were analyzed for age and growth information . Length-frequency histograms, which give an indication of growth rates, were similar for fish of the same species, but red shiners lived to a greater age in the Saline River. Red shiners and sand shiners had significantly different length-weight regression slopes between rivers. Fish from the Saline River had slightly higher coefficients of condition. Comparison of this study to previous investigations indicated greater growth rates for sand shiners and plains killifish than previously reported.
A Survey of the Present Role, Ideal Role, and Satisfaction with Training of School Psychologists in the State of Kansas
Authors:   , Zohn Randall
Published: February 2023

The present investigation attempted to assess the role of the school psychologist in the State of Kansas. One hundred twenty-two Kansas school psychologists responded to a survey concerning their present role, ideal role, and satisfaction with graduate training. The information provided by the respondents indicated that Kansas school psychologists view themselves as consultants but nevertheless spend a majority of time with psychometric duties. Schools tended to differ on opinions over certain aspects of their testing role, in-service training, behavior modification, teacher certification, and psychotherapy. Respondents also indicated dissatisfaction with certain aspects of their training. The findings were discussed in terms of implications for school psychology training institutions. Suggestions for further survey research of this type were made.
A Critical Analysis of the Literature of the Nongraded Programs in the Elementary School
Authors:   , Levin Irvin
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this report was to present information in regard to the non-graded elementary school. This study was planned to acquaint administrators, teachers, and interested parties with the strengths and weaknesses of the non-graded program through an exposition of available literature. School organizational plans which facilitate the growth and development of each individual to his potential capacity are not accidental occurrences, but are the outcomes of the efforts of prudent and informed school personnel. School personnel as a rule, are reasonably prudent individuals whose failures more frequently result from a lack of information than their lack of discretion. Books and periodicals must be continuously examined by those in charge of education if they are to be kept informed and be able to discharge their responsibilities effectively. The material available in book form dealing directly and indirectly with the ungraded program in the elementary school is adequate in quality but seems to be lacking in quantity. Few books appear to have been written specifically for the ungraded program of school organization. The material available in periodicals on the ungraded program appears to be adequate and of good quality. The information is treated from the administrator's, teacher's and parent's view, which rounds out a continuum sufficiently broad enough in scope to offer something of value to all types of readers.
Morphometric and Geographic relationships of Short-Tailed Shrews (Genus Blarina) in Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri
Authors:   , Moncrief Nancy
Published: February 2023

Shrews of the genus Blarina from Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri were studied morphometrically and karyologically. The ranges of the two species, B. brevicauda and B. hylophaga, were found to be sympatric in a broad zone across southern Iowa and northern Missouri. Morphometric analyses revealed an unexpectedly large amount of cranial variation in B. brevicauda, and confirmed the presence of that species in the Kansas River Valley of northeastern Kansas. Considerable mensural overlap was found in geographic areas in which B. hylophaga and B. brevicauda are sympatric, evincing the need for further karyotopic and morphometric studies in those areas.
A Rhetorically-Focused Writing Module for the Junior High School
Authors:   , Keller James
Published: February 2023

The first purpose of this basic rhetorically-focused writing module is to aid in classroom instruction. There are no texts for seventh, eighth or ninth grades presently available to carry the student step by step through the writing process. Instructors usually explain what kind of written assignment they want, and then they request the students to write-- and be creative. Where does this leave the student? Where does he get ideas? When should he stop thinking and start writing? How does he come up with ideas on an assigned topic? How are these ideas put together into a coherent piece of writing?--and then there's creativity. How in the world can one become a creative as well as a good writer? This module is designed to answer these questions. A second purpose is to furnish a model of ideas and simplified techniques for developing other rhetorically-focused writing modules, modules not designed to simply teach rules but modules that will aid in the understanding of the writing process and develop effective and forceful writers. Each section of this thesis will provide, in addition to lesson plan suggestions, a discussion of theory and classroom resource material. Several works were consulted.
Team Teaching and the Ungraded Primary Organization
Authors:   , Jagels Raymond
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper was to examine more fully the literature on team teaching in order to gain a concrete understanding of the issues and problems involved; to learn same steps which are necessary for developing a team teaching program; and to formulate a program on the primary level using the ungraded team teaching approach. Materials used in research of the problem were bulletins from the National Association of Secondary-School Principals on staff utilization, an annotated bibliography compiled by Anne Kavanaugh at Indiana University, the two new books on team teaching, Team Teaching--Bold Hew Venture, and Team Teaching. Contact was made with various school systems which have used both the team teaching approach and the ungraded primary. Team teaching materials developed by Ford Foundation were used in study of the organization plans of team teaching. Research in the team teaching field and the ungraded primary has indicated the following generalizations: 1. Team teaching and the ungraded primary have similarities in philosophy, administration, programming, educational goals, use of teaching personnel, pupil grouping, and the high interest in individual differences. 2. The elementary principal will have a greater emphasis placed upon his role. 3. A greater one to one relationship will exist than the recommended 25-1 ratio of the self - contained classroom of the present. 4. The kindergarten will became more of a part of the primary school. The recommendations include an ungraded team teaching plan for a school of one hundred pupils, and presents a program in reading to show how subjects may be adapted to this type of organization.