bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las fronteras de la pandemia: lecciones para la gobernanza y la cooperación en las ciudades de la frontera México-Estados Unidos
Authors: Lara-Valencia Francisco , García-Pérez Hilda
Published: March 2021

Este artículo documenta y analiza la respuesta de las ciudades de la región fronteriza México-Estados Unidos a la emergencia sanitaria y a un proceso sustancial de refronterización desencadenado por el COVID-19. Como muchos otros países, la estrategia principal de Estados Unidos y México para contener la propagación del coronavirus ha sido la adopción de medidas de distanciamiento social y restricciones a la movilidad, incluyendo el cierre de la frontera común. Una implicación inmediata de este proceso es el reforzamiento de la presencia de los gobiernos nacionales en la gestión de la salud fronteriza y, potencialmente, la contracción de los espacios de gobernanza en los que participan tradicionalmente actores subnacionales. Mediante el análisis de datos secundarios de ocho pares de ciudades fronterizas contiguas, se examinan las respuestas de actores locales a la pandemia en el marco de un proceso acelerado de refronterización y se perfilan escenarios de gobernanza y cooperación trasfronteriza pospandemia.
The Role of Media on Knowledge, Awareness and Students' Attitude during Movement Control Order (MCO)
Authors: Abd Aziz Noreen Noor , Mohd Abdul Kadir Juliana , Mohamad Hassan Nadia Nurul Najwa , Zakaria Nor Balkish , Premananto Gancar Candra
Published: March 2021

The Malaysian government had announced the Movement Control Order (MCO) to handle the Covid-19 crisis. During MCO, the government has used media channels to spread the information to the public. This research aims to identify the mediating part of both knowledge and awareness between students' attitude and media role during MCO. The findings from 338 respondents analysed using structural equation modelling found that knowledge and awareness mediate between media and students' attitude. This study could guide policymakers to promote a greater understanding of the coronavirus pandemic by using the mass media.
Keywords: Knowledge, Awareness, Attitude, Role of Media
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i16.2712
Yield and chemical composition of milk of grazing and supplemented Tropical Milking criollo cows
Authors: Rosendo Ponce Adalberto , Sánchez Gómez Adrián , Ríos Ortíz Ángel , Torres Hernández Glafiro , Becerril Pérez Carlos Miguel
Published: March 2021

Milk production under grazing conditions is carried out in the intertropical region of hot climates due to its low production cost. The Tropical Milking criollo breed (LT) is characterized by its hardiness in this region, and its high milk quality and cheese yield. Grazing supplementation can increase milk production; however, it can also change its chemical composition. The effect of supplementation with commercial feed in LT cows was evaluated concerning the quantity and physicochemical traits of their milk by lactation. The treatments used were feeding based only on grazing para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and grazing plus 1 kg supplementation with 20 % protein commercial feed for every 5 kg of milk produced daily. The daily milk production per cow increased from 5.82 ± 0.18 to 7.10 ± 0.18 kg due to supplementation. Dry matter intake was similar in both treatments. The concentration of fat, protein, lactose, non-fat, and total solids did not suffer modifications (p > 0.05), but the daily production of each component per cow increased in animals supplemented due to the multiplicative effect of the amount of milk. The number of calvings affected milk production, fat, and ureic nitrogen in milk, and somatic cell count (p ≤ 0.05). It can be concluded that the supplementation used in this study was enough to increase milk production by 22 %, without modifying its chemical composition.
Assessing the Results of Higher Secondary Level and Its Equivalence Examinations: An Empirical Study
Authors: Hossain Amir
Published: March 2021

This study aims to look at an assessment of the results of higher secondary level and its equivalence examinations of 2018 to unveil a 21st-century education system of Bangladesh. It aims to focus on the comparative discussion of the pass rate of different education boards. It would like to find out noticeable reasons for unsatisfactory results of HSC level learners under the ten education boards. The creative system, ICT, English, Science and Mathematics, financial constraints, lack of private tutor and teacher, strict evaluation of scripts, question paper leak, nepotism, and copying in the examination hall are responsible for unsatisfactory results. On the other hand, this paper would like to foster some important aspects for satisfactory results, including to ban question paper leak, to ban copying in the examination hall, and to ban coaching center, to train teachers, to recruit subject-wise expert teachers, to take the frequent test, to create corruption-free education, to motivate learners for creative writing, to establish English language club, to modify syllabus design and lesson plan, to provide funding opportunities and computer training program. For data collection and questionnaire survey, the researcher goes to three colleges in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh. Thirty participants, including students, teachers, and guardians are requested to take part in the test so that the real picture of the results of higher secondary level and its equivalence examinations can be exposed. Thus, it would like to show a novel dimension of Bangladesh education system.
INTERPRETING THE AT-ISSUE STATUS OF NON-RESTRICTIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: A CASE OF SERBIAN EFL STUDENTS
Authors: Živković Ema
Published: March 2021

Linguistic utterances can convey content which represents the speaker’s main point and is considered to be at-issue, as well as secondary content which is interpreted as not-at-issue. A large number of diverse expressions which carry some kind of not-at-issue content have been identified. The present paper contributes to the ongoing investigation of one group of such expressions, non-restrictive relative clauses (NRRCs), in English as a foreign language. The starting point of the paper is an approach developed by Jasinskaja (2016), which accounts for at-issue status within the general theory of discourse interpretation. An important prediction that it makes is that final NRRCs connected with their main clauses via coordinating discourse relations should express more at-issue behavior than final NRRCs connected with their main clauses via subordinating discourse relations. Relying on this approach, the present paper aims to investigate the way Serbian EFL students interpret the at-issue status of NRRCs and to compare the results to the existing data in English (Živković 2016). The direct rejection test (Tonhauser 2012) was used to diagnose the at-issue status of the test items, which involved the manipulation of coordinating and subordinating discourse relations between main clauses and NRRCs. The overall results indicated that the percentage of rejections targeting coordinate NRRCs was significantly higher than the percentage of subordinate NRRC rejections. Comparing these results to the ones obtained in English showed that Serbian EFL students performed at the same level as native speakers of English when interpreting the at-issue status of English NRRCs.
ENGLISH AND SERBIAN NOMINAL FINITE AND NON-FINITE CLAUSES IN CONTRAST
Authors: Janković Ljiljana
Published: March 2021

This paper explores the extent to which Serbian tertiary-level EFL students avoid using English non-finite nominal clauses. It is comprised of a theoretical part, which describes and classifies English and Serbian nominal finite and non-finite clauses with the purpose of contrasting them as regards their syntactic functions of subject and complements, and an empirical part, which presents the results of the empirical research conducted. The method used is contrastive analysis together with description and classification. The contrasting model obtained in this way leads to the conclusion that English and Serbian nominal clauses differ in the number of the specific syntactic functions they perform as well as in the variety of forms. These results were tested in the empirical research conducted with tertiary-level Serbian students of English who translated the Serbian nominal finite clauses from the questionnaire into English, divided in two groups: the experimental and the test group. The analysis of the empirical research is based on the principle of whether students used finite or non-finite nominal clauses in their translation. The results of the theoretical analysis have been confirmed by the empirical results since the students generally avoided using English nominal non-finite clauses when translating the sentences from the questionnaire.
USING THINK ALOUD PROTOCOLS TO ASSESS THE USE OF THE DEFINITE ARTICLE WITH SERBIAN STUDENTS OF ENGLISH
Authors: Veličković Marta
Published: March 2021

One of the issues which has not received enough attention in the Serbian linguistic environment is how Serbian (L1) learners of English (L2) decide which criteria are sufficient and appropriate for the use of the definite article in English. The success that linguists would have in mapping these criteria could make it possible for us to identify key problem areas in this case, and thus provide our students with appropriate and explicit input regarding how to better understand the use of the definite article. What this type of knowledge could lead to is a more specialized approach to teaching articles to non-native speakers (NNS) in the L1 Serbian/L2 English speaker community. With this aim in mind, we have carried out a pilot study which included six NNS of English, seniors at the English Department of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš. Using the method of the think-aloud protocol and a specially-designed fill-in-the-blank task, we attempted to elicit information from our respondents regarding which rules for definite article use, whether specific or non-specific, they rely on and how they account for the use of the definite article in select anaphoric definite and associative definite contexts.
THE SPACE OF TRANSCULTURATION IN THOMAS KING’S GREEN GRASS, RUNNING WATER
Authors: Ignjatović Sanja , Stevanović Natalija
Published: March 2021

This paper uses Thomas King’s novel Green Grass, Running Water (1994) to examine the contact between two cultures in Canada; the culture of the Indigenous people and the culture of the white settlers. Taking postcolonial studies as its framework, this paper relies on works written by critics such as Stephen Slemon, Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, and others, in its analysis of the transcultural space which Thomas King creates in his novel. The four mythical stories in the novel offer a fruitful ground upon which contact between the two cultural, social and political spaces can be analyzed. We hope that the research conducted in this paper can serve as an explanation of the nature of transculturation, and in the words of Bhabha (1994, 25), offer a textual “space of hybridity”.
BECOMING THE POSTHUMAN: THE DESTABILISATION OF THE SUBJECT IN THOMAS GLAVINIC’S NIGHT WORK
Authors: Ognjanović Branka B.
Published: March 2021

The paper provides an insight into the destabilisation of the subject and the emergence of the posthuman condition in the novel Night Work (Die Arbeit der Nacht, 2006) by Austrian writer Thomas Glavinic. The first part briefly discusses previous analyses of the novel and the definitions of posthumanism as an umbrella term for a heterogeneous theory dedicated to the questions of what follows after the re-consideration of the humanist ideals and after decentring the human. The posthuman is interpreted as non-fixed, in the state of constant reconstruction as opposed to the humanist subject’s fixedness and integrity. The analysis examines the ‘uncanny’ setting of the novel and the power of survival in the face of death, which becomes the protagonist’s point of demise and divergence from consciousness and rationality. The urban environment devoid of all organic life replaces the Other applied traditionally to other humans. The Sleeper as the nightly doppelgänger and the filming of the environment further add to the transgression of the boundaries between material and immaterial, the living and the non-living, the real and the dreamlike/artificial, and ultimately determine the protagonist’s posthuman existence in the state of ‘becoming’ rather than ‘being’.
PAI -1 INHIBITOR AS BIOMARKER OF CARDIORENAL DAMAGE
Authors: Tasić Danijela D. , Tasić Katarina S.
Published: March 2021

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), which belongs to the family of serine protease inhibitors  is the primary regulator of plasminogen activity. PAI-1 is synthesized as a single-chain glycopeptide and is deposited in the platelets in a latent form, from which it is released upon their activation. It is spontaneously converted into stable molecules, unless it reacts with proteins from the plasma. As a powerful inhibitor of fibrinolysis, it participates in the pathogenesis of endothelial damage, processes of accelerated atherosclerosis and thromboembolism. All the diseases of the cardiovascular system which are dominated by the processes of fibrosis and thrombosis lead to an increase in PAI-1 in the circulation. In the emergence and development of atherosclerosis, it plays a role not only in the formation of intraluminal thrombus but also in neointimal proliferation. PAI-1 is not normally present in kidney tissue, but its concentration increases significantly in its acute and chronic kidney disease, thanks to the synthesis by the intrarenally localized inflammatory cells. In addition to genetic predisposition, the factors that directly influence the production of PAI-1 are the following: glycemia, insulin and various neurohumoral factors. It is not normally present in the kidney tissue, but its intrarenal concentration increases significantly in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed the significant role of PAI-1 in the development of diabetes complications. During the last decade there has been a growth of interest in the introduction of non-invasive methods or biomarkers that would assess the degree of fibrosis in the kidney. Many studies have confirmed association between kidney and heart disease. It is not only that these diseases share common risk factors, but many other mechanisms have been suggested. Plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of endothelial damage, processes of fibrosis and thrombosis, development of diabetes complications and acute and chronic kidney diseases.
ANALYSIS OF PATIENTS’ NONADHERENCE TO STATIN THERAPY FROM CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT TO CARDIOVASCULAR REHABILITATION
Authors: Djordjevic Dragan B. , Tasić Ivan , Stamenković Bojana , Kostić Svetlana , Lović Milan
Published: March 2021

Numerous studies have pointed to low adherence to statin, which decreases as time period from acute cardiovascular event elapses. The aim was to analyze the cause of not taking statin by patients who were referred to rehabilitation after coronary event. Study population and methods. The research included the total of 573 patients, average age 60.3, while 305 (53.1%) of them were patients who experienced the first cardiovascular event. The stated research was conducted by means of a questionnaire and implied active participation of the researchers in terms of monitoring the possession and use of medication during rehabilitation. On arrival to rehabilitation, 98 (17.1%) patients did not have statin. They stated that they had never used statins before or that they stopped using them shortly after the event. This subgroup had significantly unfavorable values of lipid parameters (p<0.001), abdominal obesity (p<0.01), physical inactivity (p<0.01), more comorbidities (p<0.001), more prescribed medications on daily level (p<0.05), lower education degree level (p<0.01) and lower monthly income (p<0.001). Independent factors for not taking statin were: female gender, low monthly income and large number of comorbidities (R = 0.291, R2 = 0.85, adjusted R2 = 0.80, std. error of the estimate = 0.36151; p < 0.001). The patients themselves stated that the first reason for not taking statin was lack of financial funds (45.9%), while the second reason was normalization of laboratory results (21.4%). Three months after acute coronary event, 17.1% of patients in Serbia stopped taking statin. Lower adherence to statin closely correlates with female gender, low financial income and multiple comorbidities.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF GLUTAMATERGIC NMDA AND mGlu1 RECEPTORS IN THE PONTINE INTERTRIGEMINAL REGION IN RATS
Authors: Stoiljkovic Milan
Published: March 2021

Local glutamate simulation of intertrigeminal region (ITR) in the lateral pons evoked immediate cardiovascular and respiratory effects proposing its role in central cardiorespiratory control. Since pharmacological studies provided only functional evidence for the existence of glutamate receptors in the ITR and thereby specifying putative neurochemical substrate involved in this control, here we employed immunohistochemistry to examine expression and distribution of NMDA and mGlu1 receptors in this structure. Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfuse-fixed, their brains frozen and cut into sequential series of 20 µm thick sections through the ITR. Immunohistochemistry was performed using polyclonal antibodies against NMDA-NR1, NMDA-NR2A and mGlu1 receptors. Labeled neurons in the ITR were analyzed using light microscope and computerized image analysis system for quantification of relative immunoreactivity as the mean of integrated optical density (IOD), and counting the immunopositive cells. Light microscopic analyses demonstrated NMDA-NR1-immunoreactivity mainly localized in the neuronal cell bodies with sparse distribution on primary dendrites, while NMDA-NR2A-immunoreactivity was basically somatically distributed. The mGlu1-immunoreactivity was moderate and observed both in neuronal bodies and primary dendrites or extracellular matrix suggesting somatodendritic localization. Quantitative analyses of IOD showed very strong expression of NMDA-NR1, weak of NMDA-NR2A and strong-to-moderate expression of mGluR1, with differences in immunostaining signal distribution over rostro-caudal span of the ITR. Counting of immunopositive cells followed similar expression profile. Our data directly confirm the presence of glutamatergic NMDA and mGlu1 receptors in the ITR apparently involved in signaling pathways by which this region modulates cardiorespiratory functions such as blood pressure, heart rate and breathing.
THE EFFECT OF REMIFENTANIL ON INTUBATION CONDITIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CAESAREAN DELIVERY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA: COMPARISON OF TWO DOSING REGIMENS
Authors: Kutlešić Marija , Kutlešić Ranko , Ilić-Mostić Tatjana , Mostić Stanišić Danka
Published: March 2021

The objective of our study was to compare the effects of two remifentanil dosing regimens, used during induction-delivery period of cesarean section, and of remifentanil-free control on maternal intubating conditions and hemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation as well as on neonatal outcome. Seventy seven ASA physical status I-II women with singleton term pregnancy, who were scheduled for elective cesarean section in general anesthesia and have given written informed consent, were enrolled in this prospective, randomized controlled study and divided in three groups: A - 31 patient received 1 µg/kg remifentanil bolus before the induction of anesthesia, followed by 0.15 µg/kg/min remifentanil infusion that was stopped after the skin incision; B - 27 patients received only 1 µg/kg remifentanil bolus; C - 19 patients did not receive remifentanil until the delivery of the baby. Intubating conditions were qualified as excellent, good or poor. Group A had significantly higher number of patients with excellent intubating conditions (p = 0.011); majority of patients with good intubating conditions were in group C (p = 0.017). Systolic, diastolic, main arterial pressure and heart rate raised significantly in group C compared to A and B (p < 0.001). Neonatal outcome did not differ between groups – all neonates were vital with first minute Apgar scores ≥ 8. In conclusion, our dosing regimen of remifentanil 1µg/kg bolus given immediately before the induction followed by 0.15 µg/kg/min interrupted after skin incision provided the best compromise between the achievement of excellent intubating conditions, attenuation of maternal hemodynamic stress response to endotracheal intubation and avoidance of neonatal respiratory depression.
POPULATION PHARMACOKINETICS OF 2-OXO-CLOPIDOGREL IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Nikolić Valentina , Janković Slobodan M. , Stokanović Dragana , Konstantinović Sandra S. , Zvezdanović Jelena B. , Stefanović Nikola , Lilić Jelena , Apostolović Svetlana R. , Jevtović-Stoimenov Tatjana , Milovanović Jasmina R.
Published: March 2021

The aim of the study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for clearance of 2-oxo-clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed by using 72 plasma concentrations from the same number of patients (mean age of 60.82±10.76 years; total body weight (TBW) of 73.63±9.67 kg) with ACS using non-linear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM). Validation of the final PPK model was carried out through the bootstrap analysis with 200 runs and it was used to estimate the predictive performance of the pharmacokinetic model. The typical mean value for 2-oxo-clopidogrel clearance (CL), estimated by the base model (without covariates), in our population was 39.2 l h−1.The value of aspartate transaminase and co-medication with digoxin were determinants of a derived population model. The final regression model for the clearance of 2-oxo-clopidogrel was the following: CL (lh-1) = 1.7 + 1.31*AST + 115*DIGOXIN. The derived PK model describes the clearance of 2-oxo-clopidogrel in patients with ACS, showing that the value of aspartate transaminase and co-medication with digoxin are the most important covariate. This finding will provide the basis for future PK studies.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE SAGITTAL DENTOSKELETAL PATTERN ON THE VALUE OF THE SOFT TISSUE PROFILE ANGLES - A CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY
Authors: Perović Tatjana , Blažej Milena , Jovanović Ivan
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study has been to establish the values of soft tissue profile angles in subjects with dentoskeletal Class I, Class II Division 1, Class II Division 2, and Class III pattern, in order to examine the influence of sagittal dentoskeletal relation on the value of angular profile parameters. This comparative cephalometric study included the examination and the analysis by lateral cephalograms to evaluate soft tissue profile angles for 120 adult Caucasian subjects (60 women and 60 men) from the mid Balkan region divided into four groups towards ANB angle and incisors inclination. The following angles were examined: angle of facial convexity, facial convexity angle for the lower face and the angle of total facial convexity. By investigating the influence of the sagittal dentoskeletal pattern on the value of facial convexity angles, significant differences have been established between subjects with Class I and Class II Division 1 and 2 for all examined angles (p<0.001; p=0.011), while the differences between Class I and Class III are only significant for the facial convexity angle and facial convexity angle for the lower face, while the differences in the overall facial convexity angle are not significant (p=0.067). There are significant differences between subjects for all examined angles except the total facial convexity angle between Class I and Class III.
KNOWLEDGE, BELIEFS AND HABITS OF SERBIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS REGARDING USAGE OF ANTIBIOTICS – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF BIOMEDICAL AND NON-BIOMEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Kutlesic Nemanja
Published: March 2021

Proper usage of antibiotics is an often-overlooked subject, leading to a high level of ignorance among youth towards this important topic. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge, beliefs, and habits of students at Nis University regarding the usage of antibiotics and discover whether an anticipated difference existed between knowledge and habits of biomedical students and that of non-biomedical students. The data were acquired through an online questionnaire that addressed knowledge, beliefs, and habits regarding antibiotics. The study adhered to the principles of the Helsinki declaration. Data were separated into two groups and tested for statistical significance using the Chi-squared test. The questionnaire showed that the majority of students (76.86%) were able to correctly identify bacteria as the main target of antibiotics. More students from non-biomedical faculties thought viral infections could be treated with antibiotics (37.35% vs. 7.06% of medical, p<0.05), and identified incorrectly Paracetamol as an antibiotic (42.17% vs. 8.15% of medical, p<0.05). However, a similar percentage in both groups (49.14%) claimed they interrupted their regimen before the prescribed time, and as much as 67.39% of biomedical students acquired antibiotics with no prescription. Biomedical students demonstrated much better knowledge and beliefs on antibiotics, however, students from both groups were found to have similar habits regarding the usage. The results are similar to available studies from the developing world. A large percentage of students tampers with antibiotics on their own. Campaigns are necessary to inform students better on the subject.
HEMOSTATIC ABNORMALITIES IN COVID-19: UNDERLYING MECHANISMS AND CLUES TO TREATMENT Do we Really See a “Storm” Never Seen Before?
Authors: Antović Jovan
Published: March 2021

Despite relatively short time since Covid-19 infection has appeared in the world, enormous amount of literature data (more than 20 000 articles currently (mid-June)) is available on PubMed. Those data, together with our own experience at Karolinska University Hospital point towards hemostatic abnormalities in significant number of severe patients. Majority of those patients experience persistent hypercoagulation with massively increased D-dimer and fibrinogen. As a consequence, clinical thrombotic events, including venous thromboembolism (VTE) are common in Covid-19 patients and it seems that increased anticoagulant prophylaxis may be beneficial for severe (ICU/mechanical ventilation) patients. The lungs are most severely injured by the virus and that the potential underlying mechanism is a crosstalk between inflammation/complement and hemostasis. It is important to emphasize that the importance of hemostatic abnormalities in Covid-19 patients should not be overestimated since thromboembolic phenomena are, to a similar extent, present in other influenza and severely ill patients.
PROLACTIN AND HYPERPROLACTINAEMIA IN FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY – AN UPDATE
Authors: Kutlešić Ranko M. , Popović Jasmina , Stefanović Milan , Vukomanović Predrag , Milošević Stevanović Jelena , Mostić Stanišić Danka
Published: March 2021

Hyperprolactinaemia is one of the most frequent causes of anovulation, resulting in infertility and hypoestrogenic  state with consequences on overall women’s health. Recent investigations on biological actions of prolactin, especially prolactin of extrapituitary origin, expand our knowledge  on prolactin role in the human organism and open new questions connected with female reproductive function and treatment of female infertility. This article represents the review of current knowledge on prolactin physiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, assessment , differential diagnosis ,and teatment of hyperprolactinaemia in the female patient.
SELENIUM LEVELS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ENDOCRINE DISEASES: EVIDENCE FROM A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Vuković Vladimir , Šaranac Ljiljana , Jović Marko , Bjelaković Bojko
Published: March 2021

Selenium (Se) is essential micronutrient involved in several physiological processes. In many regions around the world, a suboptimal intake of Se has been reported in several health conditions, also in pediatric age. Studies on association between Se level and diseases in children reported contrasting results. We took an aim to perform a systematic review of literature and provide evidence-based conclusion on the magnitude of Se deficit in endocrine diseases in children. PubMed, ISI WoS, and Scopus databases were searched to identify eligible studies, published until July 25, 2019. Methodological quality was assessed using Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. After careful selection, 13 eligible studies were included. Majority were conducted in Turkey (n=5) and Iran (n=5), and sample size varied from 61 to 628 children, with a mean (±SD) age of cases from 5.1±1.6 months up to 13.8±4.5 years. Eleven studies focused on different thyroid diseases, and two on children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In goitrous patients, Se level ranged from mean (±SD), 25.71±20.68 μg/L to 114.9±34.1 μg/L, while in patients with T1DM was 20.9±12.9 μg/mL and mean (95% CI)=58.4 μg/L (55.0–63.09). We may conclude that goiter and thyroid dysfunction are prominent signs of Se deficiency in children. Although deficiency of iodine and selenium are usually combined in some area, our systematic review showed that Se deficiency is important goitrogenic factor in school children. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to adequately explore the role of Se in endocrine disorders in children, across different populations and regions.
MACINTYRE’S CRITIQUE OF KIERKEGAARD REVISITED
Authors: Blagojevic Bojan
Published: March 2021

This essay presents an assessment of MacIntyre’s thesis that Kierkegaard is not trying to rationally justify morality at all. Using MacIntyre’s account of Kierkegaard’s work Either/Or, and comparing his interpretation to Kierkegaard’s works, I aim to show that MacIntyre’s conclusions are wrong. In doing so, I will provide a different interpretation of Either/Or, while arguing that it is possible to use later Kierkegaard’s works in that interpretation. Contrary to MacIntyre’s assertion, Kierkegaard does not change his characterization of the ethical in his later works, but outlines in Either/Or the same problems he will deal with in Fear and Trembling. The foundation of his conception of the ethical lies in his conception of the self, given in The Sickness unto Death. Analyzing this conception of self through Kierkegaard’s account of the forms of despair, I will argue that the significance of morality lies in delivering the self from various forms of despair. As Kierkegaard’s thesis on the ubiquity of despair provides a horizon for the debate between the aesthetic and the ethical individual, we can say that the concept of despair provides a basis for his rational justification of morality.
FELLOW TRAVELERS FROM SERBIA: LGBT-IDENTIFIED PERSONS AND THE CHURCH IN THE PROCESS OF EUROPEANIZATION
Authors: Jovanović Miloš , Krstić Nemanja
Published: March 2021

The paper deals with the question of the dynamics of relations between the political power elite, the LGBT population and the Serbian Orthodox Church in the overall context of the Europeanization of Serbia. An insight is provided into the mechanism(s) through which the political elite in Serbia reproduces its dominant position. Serbian society is depicted as a captured one, and this is illustrated by empirical findings from a survey and in-depth interviews. This is followed by a focus on the political elite’s instrumentalization of the issue of sexual freedom in obtaining international support for maintenance of power through “tactical Europeanization”. After this the position of the Serbian Orthodox Church vis-à-vis the state and its alleged support for LGBT issues is considered. The Church seems to have “realized” that being silent on the LGBT issue is more profitable in a symbolic, as well as, in a material sense.
THE SOCIAL ROLE AND COMPETENCIES OF TEACHERS IN HIGHER EDUCATION BETWEEN THEORY AND TEACHING PRACTICE
Authors: Marković Krstić Suzana , Milošević Radulović Lela
Published: March 2021

Starting from the fact that higher education is an activity of special social interest and the initiator of the development and improvement of society, in theory and teaching practice questions are often asked regarding the quality of higher education and the possibility of its improvement. The quality of higher education in terms of the increase in its effectiveness is one of the shared aims of the Bologna convention, that is, the current reform process in European countries. It is determined by the quality of the study programs and the quality of the teaching process, which requires a competent teacher, prepared for the process of innovating teaching plans and programs, and the realization and improvement of the teaching practice. Considering the social importance of education and teaching, research into the social group which performs work-related tasks in the educational process, as well as into the quality of the teaching itself, is of special importance. The paper presents the results of research regarding student perceptions of the characteristics of teachers manifested during the course of educational practice in higher education institutions, which were based on the following: the human, professional and pedagogical qualities of teachers, the quality of the university education/teaching process and learning outcomes/learning achievements (the prevalence of theoretical knowledge, practical application of knowledge, etc.). The aim of the paper is to, on the basis of three empirical studies, from a sociological standpoint evaluate the perception of the social role and competencies of teachers and the quality of university education from the viewpoint of the student youth(in 2009, 985 students from 30 colleges in Serbia were surveyed, in 2012, 2208 students of the University of Niš (818), University of Bitolj (804) and the University of Veliko Trnovo (586), and in 2019, 374 students from 13 faculties of the University of Niš). The empirical findings indicate that teachers are qualified professionals who lecture clearly, comprehensively and are able to emphasize the most important points, but that their lectures are still insufficiently interesting, and that they are often unjust and biased. Considering the noted differences between the competencies of teachers working in higher education settings, and the quality and outcomes of the teaching/learning, “models” of teaching/learning have been proposed in this paper for each of the countries included in the study (Serbia, Macedonia, Bulgaria). Based on noted disparity between theory and teaching practice, the paper points to the need for new scientific research in the context of reform processes in higher education, with the continued redefinition of its goals and tasks with the aim of improving the quality of the teaching process and teaching practice.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE INTERPRETATION OF THE DISPUTE OVER METHOD IN SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: Pavlović Nina
Published: March 2021

In this article we analyze the basic theoretical assumptions of participants in the Methodenstreit dispute. The opposing views of positivists and historists have been analyzed according to the key positivist rules set out by Kolakowski (1972): phenomenalism, nominalism, status of value judgements and unity of science. In particular, the main consequences of different understandings of the relationship between the methods of the natural and social sciences were discussed: a) understanding of the goal of the social sciences: comprehension and explanation, b) the possibility of discovering universal laws as opposed to contextual analysis of unique phenomena; c) the place of social sciences in the system of sciences. We point to the efforts of the representatives of both directions to affirm the knowledge possibilities of the social sciences, but with different perceptions of the direction of the development of the social sciences - towards conquering the external or internal world.
STORIES ABOUT SOCIALIST CULTURE AS TOLD BY ‘ESTRADA MUSICIANS’ IN BULGARIA: TWO PERSPECTIVES ON THE PAST FROM 1990-1992 AND 2010-2018
Authors: Popova Zhana
Published: March 2021

The text presents the results of a study of stories about everyday life during the last years of the socialist past (1983–1989) by representatives of a specific professional group – ‘Estrada musicians’. The main goal is to highlight the differences in the two regimes of history in the memories of the socialist popular culture. The first regime of remembrance (1990-1992) is a time of the emotionally charged anti-communist speech in the media like the Democracy newspaper, and vice versa – a strong defense of socialist values in the Duma newspaper. The second regime of remembrance is after 2010, when “nostalgia for socialism” stands out as one of the dominant emotions.
TRAVEL CULTURE IN YUGOSLAVIA: AN ANALYSIS OF TOURISM PROPAGANDA
Authors: Krejić Živana , Palić Jelena
Published: March 2021

The paper is an overview on Yugoslav seaside tourism propaganda and mass tourism of the working class. The analysis is based on the archival material analyzed so far in the field of the history of tourism development and published scientific papers related to travel culture in Yugoslavia. The research aims to look at and analyze the tourist propaganda in Yugoslavia during the 20th century from a sociological aspect, when one of the main characteristics of tourism was its mass occurrence. Despite the development of the economy and the rise of tourism, the citizens of Yugoslavia had a short vacation, during which they went to the sea, spas, mountains, most often making their own travel plans, and used the services of travel agencies the least. Numerous catalogs, brochures, newspaper advertisements represent important segments of tourist propaganda and a signpost for domestic tourists to popular destinations. The difficult position of workers who struggled to preserve the idea of going on vacation was also visible through some of the slogans about summer vacations: "Those who have money bathe in the sea, and those who do not have money bathe at home in the washbowl." The standard of living of the people dictated their decisions about travel, and only in 1964 was the decision made that the annual vacation should last for six days and be paid, which gave tourism the epithet of social tourism. The results of the overview provide insight into the everyday life of the inhabitants of Yugoslavia, their possibilities for going on vacation, tourist propaganda which was very lavish in its beginnings, but also the most common destinations they travelled to.
#METOO IN POLISH THEATRE EDUCATION
Authors: Kwaśniewska-Mikuła Monika
Published: March 2021

This article discusses the #metoo movement in the Polish theatre. The author, referring to the thesis by Agnès Grossmann, notes that just like in the cinema, in which #metoo was initiated, the theatre reproduces images of women subjected to the male gaze. She then looks at how this problem of representation translates into the working conditions of women in the theatre. The paper presents the current state of research and actions regarding violence (including sexual violence) in theatres around the world. Applying these considerations to Poland, the author writes how this problem resonates with the situation of women in Poland. In the context of the theatre, the location of substantive and practical preparation for #metoo were theatre schools. Surveying events in the two most important and prestigious centres of theatre education, the author first makes a diagnosis of existing problems and then examines the process of combating them through the prism of Sarah Ahmed's concept of “walls” and the affective theory of paranoia and reparation according to Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick
JUDGING THE ONLINE JUDGES: THE TWO #METOO CASES IN HONG KONG
Authors: Tsui Chris Y. H.
Published: March 2021

On November 30, 2017, Hong Kong track athlete Vera Lui posted a photo on Facebook marked with the #MeToo hashtag and described an experience of being sexually assaulted. Three days later, Hong Kong actress Louisa Mak published a similar #MeToo post on her Facebook page. While both posts, especially Lui’s, initially received many supportive comments, over time, the comments became negative and victim-blaming. Since these incidents, no other Hong Kong celebrities have risked revealing their experiences to respond to the #MeToo Movement. In this paper, I analysed the first 500 comments posted on each of the posts using qualitative content analysis and critical discourse analysis. The results reveal the practice of online judging that inhibits the disclosure of cases of sexual assault. The paper further describes the interplay between online judging and selective law enforcement by the Hong Kong Police, which has been a persistent issue in Hong Kong.
THE EXPRESSION OF ADVERBIAL QUALIFICATON IN THE SPEECH OF PRESCHOOL AND ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN FROM VRANJE
Authors: Stanković Dragana
Published: March 2021

This paper analyses the case constructions that preschool and elementary school children from Vranje use to express adverbial qualification. The aim of this paper is to determine which case forms preschool and elementary school children from Vranje use to express the category of adverbial qualification and in which case structures standard language case form enters most easely. The speech of 40 examinees of different age, sex, place of residence, parents’ education was analyzed. The material was collected by the method of spontaneous conversation. Аll recorded case forms are analyzed and described by the descriptive method.The most stable analytical form are determined by the percentage analysis. The conducted analysis showed that preschool and elementary school children from Vranje express the meaning of adverbial qualification by the analytical constructions in fuction of genitives, accusatives, instrumentasl and locatives. They are used to express the meaning of instrumentation, mediativity, comitivity, criteria, distributivity and comparativity. However, under the influence of standard language, the infiltration of flective form was recorded. The standard case form influences most intensively on the analytic construction in the fuction of the genitive. On the other hand, the construction in the fuction of locative is  more resistant to the influence of lingustic standard. Considering that the study of the dialect syntax of cases and the speech of children is rarity in dialectological researches, the conducted research is justified and important for further researches in this field and for the teaching of Sebian grammar in Prizren-Timok speaking area.
FACIAL EXPRESSIONS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHING AS THE FEEDBACK IN THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Authors: Jovanovic Marija
Published: March 2021

Since it relies on verbal and non-verbal communication, the teaching process is significantly determined by their characteristics and quality. Although these two types of communication are intertwined in the classroom and their roles are dialectically connected, non-verbal communication and some of its signs are often unjustifiably considered less important. Therefore, this paper will focus on facial expressions as one of the most significant types of non-verbal signs used in teaching. The goal of this paper is to determine teachers' perceptions of the importance of facial expressions and the type of feedback that it most often helps to obtain during the teaching process. The research sample consists of 107 primary school teachers from the territory of the Nis' School Administration. The results of this research show that teachers recognize the role of facial expressions in teaching and that the feedback they most often receive through facial expressions is related to the students' feelings and their cognitive activities. Moreover, it was found that the students' age, that is, the level of schooling, significantly determines the diversity of their perceptions on this issue.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATION OF PHYSICAL AND MUSIC EDUCATION ON CLASS TEACHING STUDENTS MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Momčilović Vladimir , Zdravković Vesna
Published: March 2021

The aim of this research was the integration of Physical and Musical activities to the development of motor skills of class teaching students. The sample of 64 survey participants consisted of primary school students, aged 9 and 10 (± 6 months) from Niš and divided into two groups - experimental and control group, 32 participants in each group. The participants from the experimental group participated in the additional Physical Education lessons which included coordination and speed exercises, that is, the integrated lessons, while the survey participants from the control group were included only in regular Physical Education lessons, and also in Music Education lessons. The following motor skills were examined: Speed, Agility, Flexing, Explosive strength, Repetitive strength and Segmental speed. The obtained results show that there is a statistically significant difference in 20 meter run with the elongated start (M20VS .000), 30 meter run with the elongated start (M30VS .000), figure-of-eight agility run test (MKOT .000), side steps (MKUS .000), standing forward bend (MDPK .000), split (MŠPA .000), standing long jump (MSDM .000), standing triple jump (MTRS .000), foot tapping (MTAN .005) and hand tapping (MTAP .001). Given the results obtained, the design of a special program that would include the integration of the content of these subject areas would contribute to the development of elementary physical and musical skills.
EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS OF ADULT PARTICIPATION IN PLAYFUL ACTIVITIES
Authors: Jovanović Dragana
Published: March 2021

Playfulness in adulthood has been shown to be un-researched scientific issue. We believe that it is because of earlier non-recognition of this issue as a special field of study, but also the existence of a popular belief that the playful activities are reserved only for children. Just because of the lack of initiative and coherent researches that take into account playful activities in adulthood and characteristic of playfulness as a personal trait this research can be considered as the first research of that kind in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of this research is to determine adult perceptions of their playfulness and dominant cognitive qualities of playfulness. Adult Playfulness Trait Scale was used (APTS, Shen, Chick & Zin, 2014) to explore adult playfulness and inherent cognitive characteristic of this personal trait. Research sample consists of 1234 adult individuals aged from 18 to above 60 years from a cities and villages of Serbian area. The results of this research show that respondents recognize and highly value all tree sub-dimensions of playfulness trait: fun-seeking motivation, uninhibitedness and spontaneity. An important finding of this research is one that indicates on the characteristics of fun-seeking motivation sub-dimension as dominant one.