bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of Industrial Carbon Dioxide Gas as the Main Raw Material
Authors: Kumar Namesh
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Burning fossil fuels like coal and oil is the primary cause of CO2 emissions. Carbon dioxide enters the atmosphere as a result of this. Neither CO2 has any colour or smell. It is created by plants through the natural process of photosynthesis and is necessary for life on Earth. CO2 enters the atmosphere as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels. Due to the low solubility of CO2 in water, it is difficult to detect CO2 at sea since it does not dissolve readily in saltwater. Removing CO2 from the atmosphere has several positive effects for civilization as a whole, but it also has numerous negative effects. These issues will be looked at in this article, along with a potential solutions for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Direct air capture is undoubtedly the strategy that has the best chance of eliminating carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This entails directly removing CO2 from the air via a chemical process and storing it as a liquid or solid. Direct air capture is undoubtedly the strategy that has the best chance of eliminating carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
On relating one-way classical and quantum communication complexities
Authors: Boddu Naresh Goud , Jain Rahul , Lin Han-Hsuan
Published: May 2023

Communication complexity is the amount of communication needed to compute a function when the function inputs are distributed over multiple parties. In its simplest form, one-way communication complexity, Alice and Bob compute a function f(x,y), where x is given to Alice and y is given to Bob, and only one message from Alice to Bob is allowed. A fundamental question in quantum information is the relationship between one-way quantum and classical communication complexities, i.e., how much shorter the message can be if Alice is sending a quantum state instead of bit strings? We make some progress towards this question with the following results.Let f:X×Y→Z∪{⊥} be a partial function and μ be a distribution with support contained in f−1(Z). Denote d=|Z|. Let Rϵ1,μ(f) be the classical one-way communication complexity of f; Qϵ1,μ(f) be the quantum one-way communication complexity of f and Qϵ1,μ,∗(f) be the entanglement-assisted quantum one-way communication complexity of f, each with distributional error (average error over μ) at most ϵ. We show:1) If μ is a product distribution, η>0 and 0≤ϵ≤1−1/d, then,R2ϵ−dϵ2/(d−1)+η1,μ(f)≤2Qϵ1,μ,∗(f)+O(log⁡log⁡(1/η)).2)If μ is a non-product distribution and Z={0,1}, then ∀ϵ,η>0 such that ϵ/η+η<0.5,R3η1,μ(f)=O(Qϵ1,μ(f)⋅CS(f)/η3),whereCS(f)=maxyminz∈{0,1}|{x | f(x,y)=z}|.
Factors of Organizing Surgical Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers and Patient Survival: Real-World Data
Authors: Andreev D. A. , Zavyalov A. A.
Published: May 2023

Aim: to analyze the safety and effectiveness of the method of cold snaring resection with preliminary hydropreparation when removing superficially colorectal epithelial neoplasms with a diameter of 5 to 25 mm.

Material and methods. The number of complications and disease recurrence after endoscopic excisions by “cold” snaring resection with preliminary hydropreparation of superficially neoplasms with a diameter of 5 to 25 mm was assessed.

Results. Neoplasms were removed in a single block in 89/122 (72.95 %) cases. Neoplasms with a diameter of 5 to 9 mm were excisions in a single block in 100 % of cases, with a diameter of 9 to 14 mm in 28/30 (93.33 %) cases, with a diameter of 15 to 19 mm in 12/38 (31.57 %) cases. According to the results of a lifetime pathoanatomic examination of the removed material, serrated dysplasia (serrated dysplasia, low grade) was detected in 76 cases; micro vesicular hyperplastic polyps (Hyperplastic polyp, micro vesicular type MVHP) were established in 9 cases; hyperplastic polyps containing goblet cells (Hyperplastic polyp, goblet cell GCHP) were in 5 cases; tubular adenoma with dysplasia (Tubular adenoma, low grade) was in 32 cases. Delayed bleeding and perforation of the intestinal wall, both at the time of resection, and in the delayed period was not observed. No local recurrence was detected in the groups of patients with neoplasms diameters of 5-9 and 10-14 mm. One case of local recurrence was detected in a group of patients with a neoplasms diameter from 15 to 19 mm (1/38 = 2.63 %) and one case in a group with a neoplasms diameter of 20-25 mm (1/5 = 20 %).

Conclusions. Cold endoscopic snaring resection of colorectal epithelial neoplasms with preliminary hydropreparation in the submucosa is a safe and effective method of excisions superficially epithelial neoplasms of the colon with a diameter of 5 to 19 mm.
Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia in Outpatients after COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Turchina M. S. , Morozov Yu. M. , Obolenskaya T. I.
Published: May 2023

Aim: to compare the efficacy of different therapeutic regimens for managing functional dyspepsia in outpatients after COVID-19 infection.

Materials and methods. 42 post-COVID-19 outpatients (age: 26–47 years) diagnosed with functional dyspepsia (FD) according to the Rome IV Criteria were enrolled in two parallel groups. All patients were divided in 2 groups by randomization: Group 1 received omeprazole at a dose of 80 mg/day, Group 2 received a combination of omeprazole and Kolofort® (a combined action drug product containing technologically processed antibodies to S100, TNF-alpha, and histamine) at a dose of 80 mg/day. At baseline and after treatment, a 10-point VAS was used to measure symptoms and an SF-36 questionnaire to evaluate the quality of life.

Results. By Day 28 of the treatment, the intensity of epigastric pain (VAS score) in the group receiving proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) + Kolofort® was significantly lower. In both groups, fully resolved dyspeptic syndrome was observed in up to 90 % of patients, without significant differences (p < 0.06). According to the SF-36 data, a combination treatment resulted in higher scores (pain and general health subscales) as compared to the PPI alone.

Conclusion. Kolofort® relieves symptoms and improves the quality of life when added to the treatment regimen against functional dyspepsia in post-COVID-19 patients.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome as a Cause of Recurrent Portal Vein Thrombosis in a Man with a Medical History of other Thrombosis
Authors: Sayfutdinov R. G. , Saifutdinov R. R. , Akhunova R. R. , Saifutdinova T. V. , Absalyamova G. R. , Dvoryankina T. V. , Akhunova G. R.
Published: May 2023

Aim: to present a clinical case of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) manifested as recurrent portal vein thrombosis in a man with a medical history of other thromboses.

Key points. APS is a syndrome that includes venous and/or arterial thrombosis, various forms of obstetric pathology, thrombocytopenia, as well as a variety of neurological, skin, cardiovascular and hematological disorders. The article presents a clinical case of a male patient with several episodes of vascular thrombosis, two of which (thrombophlebitis of the veins of the lower extremities and stroke) developed at the age of 39 years, and recurrent thrombosis of the portal vein since 2018. For several years, the patient had the diagnosis of cirrhosis based on the presence of signs of portal hypertension. However, the patient's liver function remained practically intact all the time. During the current examination, APS was suspected, and the result of a blood test for antibodies against phospholipids was positive.

Conclusion. This clinical case of APS reflects the difficulties in diagnosing this disease. It should be remembered that cases of thrombosis at a young age may be due to APS.
Clinical Practice Guidelines of Russian Gastroenterological Association, Scientific Society for the Clinical Study of Human Microbiome, Russian Society for the Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Interregional Association for Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy for H. pylori Diagnostics and Treatment in Adults
Authors: Ivashkin V. T. , Lapina T. L. , Maev I. V. , Drapkina O. M. , Kozlov R. S. , Sheptulin A. A. , Trukhmanov A. S. , Abdulkhakov S. R. , Alekseeva O. P. , Alekseenko S. A. , Andreev D. N. , Bordin D. S. , Dekhnich N. N. , Klyaritskaya I. L. , Korochanskaya N. V. , Osipenko M. F. , Poluektova E. A. , Sarsenbaeva A. S. , Simanenkov V. I. , Tkachev A. V. , Ulyanin A. I. , Khlynov I. B. , Tsukanov V. V.
Published: May 2023

Aim: bring to the attention of practitioners indications for anti-Helicobacter therapy, methods and procedure for diagnostics and eradication therapy ofН. pyloriinfection.

Key points. Chronic gastritis caused byН. pyloriinfection, including asymptomatic persons, may be considered as an indication for eradication therapy of Н. pylori as etiological therapy and opportunistic screening for gastric cancer prevention. Indications, for obligatory anti-Helicobacter therapy include peptic ulcer, gastric MALT lymphoma, early gastric cancer (EGC) with endoscopic resection. H. pylori primary diagnostics methods include13C-urea breath test,H. pyloristool antigen lab test, rapid urease test and serological method. The serological method cannot be used after anti-Helicobacter therapy.

In RussiaH. pyloristrains' resistance to clarithromycin does not exceed 15 % in most regional studies. The first line therapy forН. pyloriinfection eradication is the standard triple therapy including a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), clarithromycin and amoxicillin, enhanced with bismuthate tripotassium dicitrate. A classic four-component therapy based on bismuthate tripotassium dicitrate or quadrotherapy without bismuth drug products which includes PPI, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole, may be used as alternative to the first line eradication therapy. The standard triple therapy may be prescribed for 14 days only in those regions, where it has been proven to be effective. Quadrotherapy with bismuthate tripotassium dicitrate is also used as main second line therapy in case of standard triple therapy, bismuth enhanced standard triple therapy or combined therapy failure. Another second line therapy includes PPI, levofloxacin and amoxicillin, to which a bismuth-containing drug product may be added. The third line therapy is selected individually based on previously used treatment settings.

Conclusion. In each case ofH. pyloriinfection the decision for eradication therapy should be made, which is especially relevant as eradication ofH. pylorihas been recognized as an effective measure for the prevention of gastric cancer.
Banking and trust-based SMEs toward credit access
Authors: Utami Ranti , Setiawan Doddy
Published: May 2023

This study uses three dimensions — ability, virtue and integrity, and accounting information quality — to demonstrate trust’s impact on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) access to finance in Tanjungpinang. A questionnaire was delivered directly or via Google Form to four Tanjungpinang sub-districts. The questionnaire’s Likert scale represents SME business actors’ opinions. The accounting information quality and availability to credit variables included ten statements apiece, whereas the trust dimension had five reports. To test the hypotheses, the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Ability, compassion, integrity, and financial information all positively and significantly affected credit access, according to hypothesis testing. Validates earlier findings that trust can overcome information imbalance between banks and SMEs when lending or borrowing. Banks use financial data and trust evaluations in SMEs to distribute loans. The bank recommends quality financial report information for small and medium firms to get loans. This study differs from micro-SMEs (MSMEs) research since tiny enterprises are not a critical necessity.
KVA(M) NO
Authors: Linda H. Lien
Published: May 2023

A search for new forms of identity programs for places; with emphasis on democracy and non-commercial resources. Research fellow project (2011), the Norwegian Artistic Research Programme.
Marinho & Branco - New music for old instruments
Authors: Helena Marinho  , Joaquim Branco
Published: May 2023

This project addressed the digital expansion of fortepiano features using techniques of sound design and programming, studying how these interact with the performing and improvising processes and questioning a sonic image of the fortepiano's affordances that is limited by the perception of the standard devices available on modern pianos: the sustaining and the *una corda* pedals.

We took our point of departure from two research questions: 1) Since sound-altering devices are not normally available in modern copies of fortepianos, how can we conceive and apply experimental alternatives? 2) How do the ensuing alterations modify instrumental perception and can they contribute to the creation of alternative performing solutions, namely in association with improvisatory practices and sound synthesis?

The research has exposed the aesthetic limitations of merely considering historical re-construction. In doing so, it has highlighted a set of performing techniques, creative procedures and digital applications that can contribute to a deconstruction of the standard perception of the sound of historical keyboard instruments and to the creation of experimental paths for performing and improvising on the fortepiano through the mediation of electronic interfaces and digital sound objects.
Cerro Rico: the co-production of a discursive voice in chamber music
Authors: Mieko Kanno  , Stefan Östersjö  , David Gorton
Published: May 2023

Centred around a video essay, this exposition aims to develop an understanding of subjectivity within a collaborative chamber music context. Drawing on the theory of situated cognition (see for example Brown, Collins, & Duguid, 1989) and the concept of subjective ‘voice’ in performance (Cumming, 2000), the presentation develops the model proposed by Gorton and Östersjö (2016 and 2019) in which a ‘discursive voice’ may emerge from the process of composer–performer collaboration.

These ideas are explored through a study of the early rehearsals of David Gorton's composition ‘Cerro Rico’, for soprano violin and charango. This is a very slow piece, and while the two instrumentalists both operate at this extreme of the tempo spectrum, they do so guided by different conceptions, one metronomic and the other taxonomic, of how this should be notated; the charango player works with a very slow metronome mark of quaver = 15 while the violinist plays mostly in large note-values: breves, longs, and dotted longs. From these opposed positions, the performers find a shared understanding of time.

Through an appraisal of video footage taken from the first rehearsals of ‘Cerro Rico’, it is argued that the malleable character of coordination, shaping, and timing that is afforded in performance by the extreme slowness of the piece creates the conditions for the emergence of a discursive voice, compounded from the contributions of the two performers and the composer. The ‘collaboration’ between composer and performers can be conceived as being situated within this discursive voice, manifested as a sense of shared ownership of the materials.
Techno digital spatialities
Authors: Vastavikta Bhagat  , moomal shekhawat
Published: May 2023

We at SEA believe that the pandemic has a granularity of meta, non-linear narratives that become useful in making sense of the relational complexities of the pandemic and society. Thus, we set out to collect stories of fears, joys, agilities, fragilities, friendships, networks, collectives, home, work, infrastructures, entrepreneurship, privileges, marginalizations, migrations, desperation, gender, equity, etc. The glossary as a method became useful to reflect on this granularity of experiences and account for slippages during these times. These spatio-temporal stories, when read together or as individual instances produce a new sense of the emergent contemporary. This framework also allows us to speculate on the kind of world we will inhabit once the storm has passed.

We draw on multiple readings to bring out the nuances and patterns of social life produced in a pandemic. This we hope would allow us to collectively reflect on the restructured ideas of the self, the collective, society, space, and time.

The digital collapsed into the physical and what emerged is a strange landscape of mediated sight and sound.
Strategies for the statins production in microbial cell factory：present and future
Authors: Fan Dexun , Tang HuaYang , Zhao Fengguang , Yang Xiaorong , Han Shuangyan
Published: May 2023

Statins as a lipid-lowering drug can selectively inhibit
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and decrease
cholesterol synthesis effectively. With the improvement of nutritional
conditions, the demand for statins is increasing in global market. Due
to the rapid development of modern biotechnologies, the biosynthesis of
stains by microbial cell factory appears great advantages. It has the
advantages of simple operation and easy separation of products. This
review summarized the strategies on statins production via microbial
cell factory, including both traditional fermentation culture and modern
synthetic biology manufacture. Firstly, the complex fermentation
parameters and process control technology on submerged fermentation
(SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) were introduced in detail.
Especially, the possibility of recoverable agricultural wastes/(Biomass)
as fermentation substrate on solid-state fermentation to produce statins
was emphasized. Besides, metabolic engineering strategies to construct
robust engineering strains and strains evolution were also discussed.
The review highlights the potential and challenge of microbial cell
factory to yield the statins. Thus, it will facilitate the production of
statins in more green production mode.
A Pathogen's Spatial Range is Not Constrained by Geographical Features in the Flax Rust Pathosystem
Authors: Duggal Keenan , Miller Ian , Jiranek Juliana , Metcalf Jessica
Published: May 2023

Climate change and shifting environmental conditions can allow pathogens
to spread into previously unburdened areas. For plant pathogens, this
dynamic has the potential to disrupt natural ecosystem equilibria and
human agriculture, making predicting plant pathogen range shifts an
increasingly important enterprise. Although such predictions will hinge
on an accurate understanding of the determinants of pathogen range –
namely the environmental, geographical, and host range characteristics
that modulate local pathogen habitation – few studies to date have
probed these in natural plant populations. Here, we characterize range
determinants for the model system of Lewis flax (Linum Lewisii) and its
pathogen, flax rust (Melamspora lini), in the Rocky Mountains. Transect
surveys were performed to assess three relationships: i) the effect of
geographical features – elevation, slope aspect, slope grade, and
land-cover – on flax presence and density, ii) the effect of
geographical features on flax rust presence and prevalence, and iii) the
effects of flax’s local population density and metapopulation structure
on flax rust presence and prevalence. We found that flax population
density, but not host metapopulation structure, influences the
distribution of flax rust. Additionally, we showed that, while the
distribution of flax was broadly constrained to a relatively narrow
range of geographical and resulting environmental features, flax rust
was evenly distributed across the full range of settings measured. These
results indicate that a warming environment, which is expected to
modulate such features, may restrict the optimal range of the plant more
so than that of its pathogen. Importantly, our results also suggest that
even if flax shifts its spatial range to escape increasing climatic
pressures, flax rust will not face any significant barriers to track
this movement.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia associated with pulmonary embolism and necrotizing pneumonia in children
Authors: Wang Chenlu , Li Lanxin , Xiao Gang , Chen Yuanyuan , Wang Yingshuo , Chen Zhimin , Zhou Yunlian
Published: May 2023

Background: This study aimed to explore the clinical
characteristics and management of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP)
combined with pulmonary embolism (PE) in children and gain a better
understanding of the diagnosis treatment and prognosis of the disease.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 16
children who were diag-nosed with MPP associated with PE and NP between
Janunary 2016 and Janunary 2023 at Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang
University School of Medicine. Results: All of the cases were
diagnosed with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneum-onia (RMPP) and
complicated with necrotizing pneumonia(NP). The ages of the patients
ranged from 5.3 to 11.5 years old. The main manifestations were cough
and fever（n=16, 100%）,chest pain (n=8, 50%) , shortness of
breath(n=8,50%), hemoptysis (n=4, 25%). Among them, the pulmonary
artery was involved in 12 patients, including 6 cases on the right, 4
cases on the left, and 2 cases on both sides. Besides, the pulmonary
vein was suffered in 3 patients. Furthermore, Pulmonary artery and
pulmonary vein were involved in 1 patient. The mean D-dimer level was
8.50±4.76mg/L. All patients underwent anticoa-gulant therapy. After
treatment, all patients ’s symptoms were improved, and the lung lesions
were significantly improved. Conclusion: For children with
RMPP, PE and NP should be considered when chest pain, hemoptysis or high
level of d-dimer are present. Chest enhanced CT scan should be
perf-ormed as soon as possible, and anticoagulation should be treated
once the diagnosis of PEis confirmed. The long-term prognosis of PE was
favorable after the timely administrationof anticoagulant therapy.
Survival of a polymorphic species in seasonally snow-covered forests
Authors: Murphy Penelope , Pauli Jonathan , Shipley Amy , Zuckerberg Benjamin
Published: May 2023

Color polymorphism is an adaptive strategy in which a species exhibits
multiple color phenotypes in a population. Often times, phenotypes are
variably suited to different environmental conditions which may buffer
the population against variable conditions. Modern climate change is
creating novel selective pressures for many species, especially in
winter habitats. Few studies have quantified the benefits of
polymorphism for allowing species to cope with climate-induced
environmental change. We investigated how color polymorphism mediates
selective pressures in ruffed grouse Bonasa umbellus, a widespread and
winter-adapted bird species of North American forests. Ruffed grouse
display phenotypic variation in plumage color, ranging from red to gray.
Over five winter seasons (2015-2022), we monitored weather conditions,
habitat use, and weekly survival for 94 ruffed grouse to test whether
individuals had lower survival when grouse were phenotypically
mismatched with snow cover (e.g., a gray bird on a snowless landscape or
a red bird in snow). Grouse phenotypically mismatched with snow cover
had lower survival, but only when winter survival rates were lowest.
During winters of lower overall survival, red grouse exhibited higher
survival during snow-free periods, whereas gray grouse had higher
survival when snow was present. We also found that open habitat
negatively impacted survival, regardless of color. While the effect of
phenotypic mismatch was variable among years, it was a stronger
predictor of winter survival than land cover features, suggesting that
snow is an important habitat feature mediating overwinter survival. Our
work offers an advancement in understanding how environmental
variability affects geographic variation in and maintenance of multiple
color phenotypes in seasonally-snow covered environments. Our finding
that interactions between color morph and snow cover are important for
conferring winter survival provides further evidence that color
polymorphism may serve as a buffer against rapidly changing conditions
and a pathway for persistence of polymorphic species.
CONSYS: Control Optimization for Non-minimum Phase System via Series Cascade Structure
Authors: Mazumdar Hirak , Singhal Ashish Kumar , Yadav Manish , Yadav Vijay , Deshmukh Jyoti , Billore Manish
Published: May 2023

This work elucidates the control of integrating non-minimum phase system
via series cascade scheme with fractional-order P.I.
(Proportional–Integral) plus D (Derivative) controller. The traditional
Internal Model Control (IMC) is adopted for inner loop controller
design. The feedback D controller is synthesized with the outer loop
process model, which shows the work’s universality. The outer loop
controller is suggested in the IMC framework after accountability of
fractional-filter and inverse response compensator. This combination is
revealed to enhance performance without compromising the robustness. The
Riemann sheet principle is explored to compute the stability of the
suggested controller. The sensitivity analysis has asserted the
robustness. More importantly, the optimal value of controller settings
is achieved via the Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO)
algorithm. This TLBO algorithm uses an objective function that minimizes
Integral Square Error (ISE). Two illustrative problems are utilized to
examine the recommended control structure’s virtue.
Library-based UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS Putative Identification of Isomeric and Non-isomeric Compounds from Shenling Baizhu Granule and its Pharmacopoeia Quality-marker Chemistry
Authors: Li Xican , Zeng Jingyuan , Cai Rongxin , Chen Ban , Li Chunhou , Hu Qingzhong , Sun Yue
Published: May 2023

Shenling Baizhu Granule, a traditional Chinese medicine
prescription comprising Renshen, Gancao, and Shanyao, has been widely
consumed in China nowadays. However, its pharmacopoeia quality-marker
(Q-marker) has not been defined nowadays. The study thus used a novel
strategy, i.e., library-based ultra-high-performance liquid
chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry, to analyze its
lyophilized aqueous powder. The strategy has simultaneously and
putatively 77 compounds; Especially, 32 isomeric compounds have been
strictly distinguished, including ferulic acid and isoferulic acid;
liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin; 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid and
4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid; schaftoside and isoschaftoside; ginsenoside
Re and ginsenoside Rd; ginsenoside Rc and ginsenoside Rb2; daidzein and
7,4’-dihydroxyflavone; luteolin and kaempferol; butin and
S-naringenin; calycosin and prunetin; isovitexin and cosmosiin;
orientin and quercitrin; costunolide and alantolactone;
2’-hydroxydaidzein, genistein, and apigenin; ginsenoside Rg2,
20R-ginsenoside Rg3, and 20S-ginsenoside Rg3. In addition,
45 non-isomeric compounds have been also putatively identified.
Combining with the quantum chemistry calculation and UV-vis spectra
scanning results, 4 compounds are recommended as pharmacopoeia Q-marker
candidates, including glycyrrhizic acid, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside
Rb1, and diosgenin. The four can be used to qualitatively assess the
materials of Renshen, Gancao, and Shanyao, to prevent possible
adulterant.
A Longitudinal study on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on perceptual processes
Authors: GUO Fumei , Wang Changming , Tao Getong , Ma Hailin , Zhang Jia , Wang Yan
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to explore the neural mechanism underlying
high-altitude (HA) adaptation and deadaptation on perceptual processes
in lowlanders. Eighteen healthy lowlanders were administered a facial
S1-S2 matching task that included incomplete face (S1) and complete face
(S2) photographs, combined with ERP technology. Participants were tested
shortly before they went to HA at sea level (Test 1), twenty-five days
after entering HA (Test 2), one week (Test 3) and one month (Test 4)
after returning to lowlands. Compared with sea level baseline, shorter
latencies of P1 and N170 and larger amplitudes of complete face N170
were found in HA. After returning to sea level, compared with HA, the
amplitude of the incomplete face P1 was smaller after one week and the
complete face was smaller after one month. The right hemisphere N170
amplitude was larger after entering HA and one week after returning to
sea level compared to baseline, but it returned to baseline after one
month. Taken together, the current findings suggest that HA adaptation
increases visual cortex excitation to accelerate perceptual processing.
More mental resources are recruited during the configural encoding stage
of complete faces after HA exposure. The perceptual processes affected
by HA exposure is reversible after returning to sea level, but the
low-level processing stage is different between incomplete and complete
faces due to neural compensation mechanisms. The configural encoding
stage in the right hemisphere is affected by HA exposure and requires
more than one week but less than one month to recover to baseline
Surviving Life After Suicide: Emotional Reconstruction of the Bereaved
Authors: FİDAN FATMA
Published: May 2023

Suicide is a stigmatized and marginalized act by society that damages
the lives of those close to the suicidal person and makes rebuilding
their lives difficult. In understanding the social reality after
suicide, emotions that are a component of social action play a key role.
This study’s fundamental aim is understanding the emotions of those
close to the suicidal person and the cultural roots of these emotions.
In-depth interviews were conducted with twenty-three individuals who are
close to someone who had committed suicide to obtain the necessary data,
and the data were analyzed using discourse analysis. The following
results were obtained: The most prominent emotion in those close to the
suicidal person is anger. This anger is directed towards actors who are
indifferent to the problems that led to suicide and towards the
individual who committed suicide. Those close to the suicidal person are
in a state of anger, shame, fear, guilt, and fear of being blamed due to
social stigma and marginalization. The most significant feature of those
close to the deceased is the emotional disturbances resulting from the
coexistence of opposing emotions.
Protective Renalase-deficiency in beta cells shapes immune metabolism and function in autoimmune diabetes
Authors: Bode Kevin , MacDonald Tara , Stewart Taylor , Mendez Bryhan , P. Cai Erica , Morrow Noelle , Lee Yu-Chi , Yi Peng , Kissler Stephan
Published: May 2023

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by the immune-mediated loss of pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin. The latest advances in stem cell (SC)-beta cell differentiation methods have made a cell replacement therapy for T1D feasible. However, recurring autoimmunity would rapidly destroy transplanted SC-beta cells. A promising strategy to overcome immune rejection is to genetically engineer SC-beta cells. We previously identified Renalase (Rnls) as a novel target for beta cell protection. Here we show that Rnls deletion endows beta cells with the capacity to modulate the metabolism and function of immune cells within the local graft microenvironment. We used flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize beta cell graft-infiltrating immune cells in a mouse model for T1D. Loss of Rnls within transplanted beta cells affected both the composition and the transcriptional profile of infiltrating immune cells in favor of an anti-inflammatory profile with decreased antigen presenting capacity. We propose that changes in beta cell metabolism mediate local immune regulation and that this feature could be exploited for therapeutic goals.  
Astrocyte glycogen is a major source of hypothalamic lactate in rats with recurrent hypoglycemia
Authors: Su Gong , Farhat Rawad , K. Laxman Anil , Chapman-Natewa Kimberly , E. Nelson Irvane , Chan Owen
Published: May 2023

Lactate is an important metabolic substrate for sustaining brain energy requirements when glucose supplies are limited. Recurring exposure to hypoglycemia (RH) raises lactate levels in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) which contributes to counter-regulatory failure. However, the source of this lactate remains unclear. The present study investigates whether astrocytic glycogen serves as the major source of lactate in the VMH of RH rats. By decreasing the expression of a key lactate transporter in VMH astrocytes of RH rats, we reduced extracellular lactate concentrations, suggesting excess lactate was locally produced from astrocytes. To determine whether astrocytic glycogen serves as the major source of lactate, we chronically delivered either artificial extracellular fluid or 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (DAB) to inhibit glycogen turnover in the VMH of RH animals. Inhibiting glycogen turnover in RH animals prevented the rise in VMH lactate and the development of counter-regulatory failure. Lastly, we noted that RH led to an increase in glycogen shunt activity in response to hypoglycemia and elevated glycogen phosphorylase activity in the hours following a bout of hypoglycemia. Our data suggests that dysregulation of astrocytic glycogen metabolism following recurring exposure to hypoglycemia may be responsible, at least in part, for the rise in VMH lactate levels.
PRMT4 facilitates white adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis by methylating PPARγ
Authors: Zhong Yi , Wang Yilong , Li Xiaoguang , Qin Haojie , Yan Shu , Rao Caijun , Fan Di , Liu Duqiu , Deng Fei , Miao Yanli , Yang Ling , Huang Kai
Published: May 2023

Obesity is a global health threat, and the induction of white adipose tissue (WAT) browning presents a promising therapeutic method for it. Recent publications revealed the essential role of protein arginine methyltransferase 4 (PRMT4) in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis, but its involvement in WAT browning has not been investigated. Our initial studies found that the expression of PRMT4 in adipocytes was upregulated in cold-induced WAT browning but downregulated in obesity. Besides, PRMT4 overexpression in inguinal adipose tissue accelerated WAT browning and thermogenesis to protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic disruptions. Mechanistically, our work demonstrated that PRMT4 methylated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) on Arg240 to enhance its interaction with the co-activator PR domain-containing protein 16 (PRDM16), leading to the increased expression of thermogenic genes. Taken together, our results uncover the essential role of PRMT4/PPARγ/PRDM16 axis in the pathogenesis of WAT browning.
Pembelajaran Daring Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Oleh Guru-Guru IPA di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Hantari Ida Ayu Putu Surya , Redhana I Wayan , Swasta Ida Bagus Jelantik
Published: May 2023

Pembelajaran daring dilaksanakan sebagai langkah tepat untuk dapat mencegah dan menekan penularan virus covid-19, sehingga peserta didik tidak akan ketinggalan pelajaran sebagaimana yang telah direncanakan dalam kurikulum selama satu tahun ajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis pembelajaran daring pada masa pandemi covid-19 oleh guru-guru IPA di sekolah menengah pertama. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru-guru ipa dan guru mata pelajaran lainnya. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yang dialami guru dalam penerapan kebijakan pemerintah tentang pembelajaran daring,  perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi yaitu meliputi penerapan pembelajaran daring yang dari kebijakan pemerintah menjadi tantangan bagi guru dalam proses pembelajaran dan dirasa kurang maksimal, platform-platform pendukung pembelajaran daring yang asing bagi guru-guru karena minimnya pengetahuan tentang teknologi, persiapan yang ekstra agar siswa tidak merasa bosan dan jenuh saat pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring, kouta, jaringan serta alat pendukung yang kurang, (evaluasi yang dirasa kurang karena tidak bertatapan langsung membuat guru kesulitan dalam melakukan evaluasi. Adapun kendala-kendala yang dialami dapat menjadi tantangan bagi guru agar lebih meningkatkan lagi pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring serta pembelajaran yang kurang efektif perlu diperbaiki untuk pembelajaran selanjutnya.
JUDGE’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE MEDIATOR’S RECOMMENDATION REGARDING THE BAD FAITH PARTY AND MEDIATION FEES ISSUE
Authors: Baried Rizky Ramadhan , Jamil Abdul
Published: May 2023

This article was the result of research in 2021 with normative research. The formulations of the problems are: 1) What is the consideration of the panel of judges on the recommendation of the mediator regarding the sanctions for payment of mediation fees for parties who are declared to have no good intentions; 2) What is the procedure for payment of mediation fees by these parties. The conclusions are: 1) There is no data on the mediator's recommendation regarding paying mediation fees. It is not immediately followed up if the panel of judges receives it. The judges continue to examine the recommendation of providing justice so that the defendant does not feel more burdened so that the recommendation is not included in the court’s product; and 2) The procedure for payment of mediation fees is carried out together with the accumulated principal costs of the case by complying with the principles of execution. This study advises the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia that there should be a mechanism agreed upon by both parties to jointly consign the amount of money that is expected to be used in the mediation process
Mathematical Model Simulation of Non-Linear Equations using MATLAB: Specific Volume of Gas with Van der Waals Equation
Authors: Amalia Ayu Fitri , Budhi Widodo , Melati Asih , Prabowo Urip Nurwijayanto
Published: May 2023

Computational physics is concerned with the application of numerical methods in solving physical problems. The van der Waals gas model is one of the most common non-linear models. This study simulated a mathematical model of a non-linear equation using MatLab for the case of the specific volume of gas in the equation of the state of van der Waals. This study aimed to determine the molar volume and compressibility factor, as well as describe the relationship between the compressibility factor and the reduced pressure. The method of the study is experimental. The independent variables are the reduced pressure and temperature values. The dependent variable is the determination of the value of the molar volume (V) and the compressibility factor (Z). The control variable, in the form of a function used in solving this case, is based on van der Waals equation with the gas used is ammonia. The fzero command can be used to solve f(x)=0 with a single variable. This program that has been running successfully can show various predictions in the form of reduction pressure, thus obtaining the values of the molar volume and compressibility factor using the ideal gas equation. There is a deviation in ammonia gas, the Z1 at high reduction pressures and Z1 at medium pressures. This study can provide contributions and benefits in the form of material enrichment of thermodynamics to understand how real gases behave. The ideal gas equation can be modified into the van der Waals equation.
How to Identify the Subsurface Layer of Bangkam Hill - Mempawah Regency? Application of the Geoelectrical Resistivity Method
Authors: Ivansyah Okto , Dilnalsyah Felas , Sampurno Joko , Muhardi Muhardi
Published: May 2023

Mapping the subsurface is essential in rock exploration for construction to minimize costs and guide adequate mining planning. This study aims to identify the subsurface layer of Bangkam Hill, a depot of various rocks for construction materials located in Sungai Kunyit District, Mempawah Regency. A resistivity method was applied to map the sub-surface using the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration. Data acquisition was performed at six measurement lines to cover the hill. The results show that the subsurface layers of the hill from the ground to 40 m in depth are composed of sand, laterite soil, gravel, and igneous rock, with resistivity varying from about 30 to 693,055 Ωm. Using the subsurface map, the stakeholder can assess shallow rock reserves in the study area and create a proper mining strategy.
Go Formative for Formative Assessment Feedback on the 10th Graders’ Material Comprehension and Learning Motivation
Authors: Pangarso Zulkaisi Dwi , Istiyono Edi
Published: May 2023

Feedback on formative assessment is a teacher's effort to help students with learning difficulties by responding to their evaluation results, especially on HOTS-based evaluations, which have a higher level of completion. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of immediate feedback on improving Material Comprehension (MC) and Learning Motivation (LM). Unfortunately, the teacher needs to provide feedback due to several factors, one of which is time constraints due to teachers’ activity. This study aims to investigate the effect of Go Formative in providing immediate feedback on formative physics assessments on material comprehension and learning motivation enhancement of 10th-grade high school students. This research is quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group design involving two classes, namely the control and experimental classes. The two classes were selected by employing a simple random sampling technique. This study's results show a different effect of using Go Formative in providing quick feedback in improving students' material comprehension. The existence of these differences makes the provision of quick and immediate feedback through the Go Formative website a solution to overcome the obstacles experienced by teachers in carrying out formative assessments.
Types of Interlingual Equivalents of Phraseological Units and Metaphors in Literary Translation
Authors: Oleh Tyshchenko , Evgeniia Koshelkova
Published: May 2023

In the following research, the types of interlingual phraseological equivalents, similes, and some metaphors in the novels of Turgenev Rudin and A Nest of the Gentry are studied from the perspective of their structure, semantics, and origin; attention is paid to differences related to the specifics of realia and lacunae translation (when reproduced in Slovak and English). We focus on biblical and ancient phraseology, aphorisms, catchphrases, allusions, reminiscences, and similes, which are translated in different ways. Based on the theory of equivalence in general and the translation of idioms in the fiction text, and the principle of structural-semantic modeling and variability of phraseological units, analogs and partial equivalents are analyzed from the point of existing lexical-grammatical and stylistic differences and formal-semantic transformations. The latter is a sign of the specific idiostyle and individual writer’s manner of Turgenev. When the original phraseological unit is translated without noticeable emotional and expressive connotations with the help of metaphors or a free word combination, or when, on the contrary, a free word combination or metaphor is replaced by a phraseological equivalent, various cases of transfer, reproduction of figurative and expressive means, and literary and lexical tropes are distinguished. In the meantime, the original phraseological unit may correspond to a comparative phrase during translation.
Translating Cultural Features in Arabic Subtitles of English Literary Film Adaptations between Domestication and Foreignization
Authors: Al-Kahtani Abeer
Published: May 2023

The fundamental dilemma that always faces Arabic subtitlers of English films is whether to maintain the Western cultural features or find cultural equivalents to make the content more accessible to the Arab viewer. Building upon Venuti’s (1995; 1998) distinction between domestication and foreignization methods of translation, this article aims to explore the effect of different types of subtitling strategies used in translating English literary film adaptations on Arab audiences. The article, thus, fills a gap in the literature on audiovisual studies in the Arab world and provides an applied framework for analysing the effect of subtitling strategies on the target audience. The main question raised is whether domesticating or foreignizing the original English cultural features leads to a closer equivalent effect among Arab audiences. To answer this question, the researcher explored the methods used in Arabic subtitles of cultural features in two film adaptations of Jane Eyre. The researcher initially collected 38 samples of cultural references from the opening minutes of the two film adaptations, classifying them equally based on whether they were translated using domestication or foreignization strategies. Classification of subtitling strategies was derived from Gottlieb’s (1992) and Díaz-Cintas and Remael’s (2021) models. Quantitative data analysis indicated that domestication leads to higher rates of equivalent effect, a result validated by the responses of Arab audience to a questionnaire, which revealed that 51.28% of the 39 participants considered domesticating strategies more successful in achieving the equivalent effect in the subtitles, in comparison to only 12.82% who agreed with applying foreignization strategies.
Linguistic Insecurity and Dialect Divergence in Southwestern Saudi Arabia: A Study of the Malki Dialect
Authors: H. Almalki Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Malki is an under-researched Arabic dialect spoken by an isolated speech community in Southwestern Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study is to uncover whether Malki dialect speakers experience linguistic insecurity and do environment, age, and gender as variables affect linguistic confidence? Data was gathered for quantitative analysis via survey on the Malki dialect using a five-point Likert scale. A descriptive statistical analysis and ANOVA test were conducted on 257 surveys, identifying eight groups determined by age and gender. Results showed that more formality of the environment and age of the participant were the most significant variables affecting attitudes about the Malki dialect. The greatest disparity occurred between the oldest age group (51+) and the youngest age group (18-25). Participant gender had no significant effect on linguistic insecurity.
A Critical Analysis of Saudi Legal Terms and their English Translations
Authors: Flaij Alharbi Badr , BinMasad Sarah
Published: May 2023

The differences between the Arabic and English linguistic systems and legal cultures have long been a fundamental challenge in legal translation. Examining how the dissimilarities between the Saudi and English legal cultures affect the Arabic-English legal translation has received little attention from researchers. Therefore, this critical analysis aims to examine the Arabic-English translation of 12 Saudi legal articles to identify the linguistic and cultural factors involved in the translation process. Since research that addresses the difficulties and challenges of translating the legal discourse is of undeniable significance and studies that examined the Saudi legal discourse and its translation are scarce; therefore, this study attempts to contribute to the literature by analyzing several Saudi Legal Articles and their English translations to define the challenges of translating legal terms from Arabic into English. The study adopted Šarčević’s (2000) functional equivalence framework to study the Saudi Legal Articles and their official English translations. This framework was selected because it is well suited to examine the equivalent level of the legal terms and their translations, which is the main objective of this study. This study attempts to analyze different legal terms that characterize the selected Saudi legal articles and their official English translations. The investigated legal terms include religious, culture-specific, archaic, and doublets. This study revealed that translating Arabic religious and culture-specific terms and doublets is challenging, whereas translating Arabic archaic words is much easier.