bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of iceberg calving events in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica during 2013 – 2015 using LISS-IV/IRS-P6 satellite data
Authors: Jawak Shridhar Digambar , Sengupta Meghna , Luis Alvarinho Joaozinho
Published: October 2019

This study discusses the calving event took place in Prydz Bay of East Antarctica during the epoch of 2013–2015 using high resolution multispectral data from Indian Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor (LISS-IV) aboard IRS-P6 satellite. The present study has been conducted on Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. The two LISS-IV images (5.8 m spatial resolution) acquired specifically 384 days apart (December 31, 2013 and January 19, 2015) were utilized to study the significant changes that have occurred in icebergs during this short epoch. A total of 369 common icebergs present in both images were identified for analysing the changes in their dimensions because of surface melting. All of these icebergs were found to have lost mass because of surface melting and ocean forced base melting; therefore, they have reduced in dimension depicted by 12.51% lapse in terms of surface area. In addition, the coastline was visually observed to have retracted, instigated by calving events from the polar ice sheet and generation of new icebergs in Prydz Bay. The average drift distance of these newly formed icebergs from the coastline was found to be 51.59 m. Our analysis estimates that the total number of icebergs decreased by 70, suggesting either the complete disintegration or significant drifting of these icebergs away from the coast during 2013–2015 period.
Seasonal glacier surface velocity fluctuation and contribution of the Eastern and Western Tributary Glaciers in Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica
Authors: Jawak Shridhar Digambar , Kumar Shubhang , Luis Alvarinho Joaozinho , Pandit Prashant Hemendra , Wankhede Sagar Filipe
Published: October 2019

Glaciers play a crucial role in the study of the climate change pattern of the Earth. Remote sensing with access to large archives of data has the ability to monitor glaciers frequently throughout the year. Therefore, remote sensing is the most beneficial tool for the study of glacier dynamics. Fed by many tributaries from different sides, the Amery Ice Shelf (AIS) is one of the largest ice shelves that drains ice from the Antarctic ice sheet into the Southern Ocean. This study focuses on the eastern and the western tributaries of the AIS. The primary objective of the study was to derive the velocity of the tributary glaciers and the secondary objective was to compare variations in their velocities between the summer and winter season. This study was carried on using the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Sentinel-1 satellite’s Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data acquired from the Sentinel data portal. Offset tracking method was applied to the Ground Range Detected (GRD) product of the Sentinel-1 interferometric wide (IW) swath acquisition mode. The maximum velocity in summer was observed to be around 610 m/yr in the eastern tributary glacier meeting the ice shelf near the Pickering Nunatak, and around 345 m/yr in the Charybdis Glacier Basin from the western side. The maximum velocity in the winter was observed to be 553 m/yr in the eastern side near the Pickering Nunatak whereas 323 m/yr from the western side in the Charybdis Glacier Basin. The accuracy of the derived glacier velocities was computed using bias and root mean square (RMS) error. For the analysis, the publicly available velocity datasets were used. The accuracy based on RMS error was observed to be 85-90% for both seasons with bias values up to 25 m/yr and root mean square error values up to 30 m/yr.
Microclimate variability of Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems manipulated by open top chambers: Comparison of selected austral summer seasons within a decade
Authors: Barták Miloš , Láska Kamil , Hájek Josef , Váczi Peter
Published: October 2019

Open top chambers (OTCs) were established in the northern part of the James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula, as a part of long-term program in January 2007. They were installed in two typical locations differing in vegetation cover. First group was set in a seashore ecosystem dominated by moss carpet supplemented with few lichen species. The other group was located on the top of a volcanic mesa (350 m a.s.l.) with irregular cover of lichens Usnea antarctica and Umbilicaria decussata. Temperature regimes inside and outside OTCs were continuously measured and related to year-round reference meteorological data. For majority of OTC installations, temperature increase caused by OTC was apparent in the period of September-March. Detailed analysis of chamber effect on the increase in air, surface, vegetation, and ground temperatures was done for late austral summer seasons of 2007 and 2008, and 10 years later, the seasons of 2017 and 2018. The OTC-induced temperature increase was more pronounced for mesa than seashore plot. For both locations, OTC-induced increase in temperature was highest for warm days with full sunshine and limited wind speed. On stormy days with overcast sky and high wind speed, the shift in temperature was smaller. Consequences of a long-term manipulation of Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems by OTCs for moss and lichen ecophysiology are discussed.
Community-Engaged Learning and Precollege Philosophy During Neoliberalism
Authors: Vitale Sarah E. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2019

Precollege philosophy programs provide young people with alternative spaces to ask questions and develop critical perspectives on their experiences, but neoliberal school management practices make the creation of these spaces increasingly difficult. Relying on my own experience as an instructor of a community-engaged course that focuses on precollege philosophy, I investigate how college and university professors and students can create philosophical learning opportunities for high school students without participating in the culture of volunteerism demanded by neoliberal logic. I argue that the work my university students perform in the community-engaged course is a win-win that undermines neoliberalism’s assault on education by providing high school students with a valuable opportunity while helping my students achieve important skills.
Efectos del contenido de meta docente y la regulación motivacional académica sobre la creencia de eficacia docente del profesorado en formación inicial
Authors: Burgueño Rafael , Sicilia Álvaro , Alcaraz-Ibáñez Manuel , Lirola María-Jesús , Medina-Casaubón Jesús
Published: October 2019

Introducción: Basado en la Teoría de la Auto-Determinación, el objetivo del estudio fue examinar la relación entre los contenidos de meta y la creencia de la eficacia docente en profesorado en formación inicial, considerando el rol mediador de la regulación motivacional académica (autónoma y controlada) al inicio y final del master de formación del profesorado. Método: Los participantes fueron 379 profesores/as en formación inicial (180 hombres y 199 mujeres; Medad = 25.30, DT edad = 4.21) quienes completaron medidas de contenidos de meta en la docencia y regulación motivacional académica al inicio del máster en formación del profesorado (toma 1), así como medidas de regulación motivacional y creencia de eficacia docente al final del máster (toma 2). Las relaciones predictivas hipotetizadas fueron examinadas vía análisis de ecuaciones estructurales.  Resultados: El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mostró que los contenidos de meta intrínsecos al inicio del máster de formación del profesorado tuvieron un efecto positivo directo sobre la creencia de la eficacia docente al final del máster, estando dicha relación mediada por la motivación autónoma académica al inicio y al final del máster. En cambio, los contenidos de meta extrínsecos al inicio del máster de formación del profesorado mostraron un efecto directo y negativo sobre la creencia de la eficacia docente al final del máster. Discusión: Los resultados obtenidos subrayan la relevancia del contenido de meta en la explicación de la naturaleza dinámica de los procesos motivacionales relacionados con la creencia de eficacia docente durante el programa inicial de formación docente del profesorado en formación inicial.
El uso informal del Smartphone en adolescentes de centros de protección: Un reto para promover la intervención socioeducativa
Authors: Ricoy María-Carmen , Martínez-Carrera Sara
Published: October 2019

En la actualidad existe una preocupación social generalizada sobre el uso que realizan los/as adolescentes de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación, y concretamente de dispositivos como el Smartphone. La utilización del teléfono móvil se ha popularizado entre este colectivo, repercutiendo de diferente forma en su vida. Por ello, a la vista de la fascinación que le produce es pertinente realizar un estudio sobre su empleo. El objetivo central de este trabajo es conocer los patrones que se desprenden del uso informal del Smartphone como punto de partida en el diseño e implementación de la intervención socioeducativa, en particular con adolescentes que se integran en el Sistema de Protección de Menores considerando su elevada vulnerabilidad y la complejidad que envuelve a este colectivo. Esta investigación es de tipo cualitativo y se enmarca en el enfoque narrativo, a partir de la recogida de datos con la técnica del relato y de la entrevista. Los resultados y conclusiones ponen de manifiesto que el Smartphone responde a diversos patrones de uso en los/as adolescentes. Cabe indicar que supeditan el dispositivo al empleo constante de ciertas App por su popularidad, fácil manejo y gratuidad. Es notoria la utilización de aplicaciones de los sistemas de mensajería instantánea, destacando WhatsApp y Snapchat en cualquier tramo de edad de la etapa de la adolescencia. De las redes sociales que utilizan sobresale Instagram. En general las App las emplean con finalidad recreativa. No obstante, acogiendo un cometido esencialmente lúdico, los videojuegos no presentan una afluencia relevante en el colectivo. Por último, señalar que realizan un uso notorio del Smartphone con un propósito comunicativo, para mantenerse en contacto principalmente con sus coetáneos y la pareja sentimental.
Cuatro calas en la novela española actual: Esther GarcÍa llovet, Mario Cuenca Sandoval, Andrés Neuman y Aroa Moreno Durán
Authors: Valls Fernando
Published: October 2019

La novela española actual, la que ha surgido en el siglo XXI, está dando frutos muy diversos en sus distintos registros estéticos, lingüísticos y temáticos. Buena prueba de ello son las cuatro narraciones de las que aquí nos ocupamos. La aceleración de la historia actual, junto con los conflictos relativos a la vida cotidiana proporcionan al narrador de nuestros días materia más que suficiente para que, a través de la ficción, podamos comprender algo mejor nuestro mundo, ya se trate del presente, ya del pasado que sigue condicionándonos.

The current Spanish novel, which has emerged in the 21st century, is bearing very different fruits in its different aesthetic, linguistic and thematic registers. Good proof of this are the four narrations that we are dealing with here. the acceleration of current history, together with the conflicts related to everyday life, provide the narrator with more than enough material so that, through fiction, we can understand our world better, whether it is the present, past that continues conditioning us.
Un palimpsesto indeseado en la obra literaria de Juan benet: Julio Cortázar y sus minúsculas pedanterías.
Authors: Machín Lucas Jorge
Published: October 2019

Se estudia la influencia de Julio Cortázar en Juan Benet, partiendo de las entrevistas hechas a este último. Este lo criticó con virulencia y superficialmente pero, tras un estudio comparativo de sus respectivas obras literarias, se han advertido una serie de concomitancias entre ellos. Ambos relativizaron y descentraron los conceptos de realidad, de lógica y de tiempo y sus instrumentales epistemológicos, narratológicos o lingüísticos. Lo hicieron para elevar el nivel intelectual de los lectores y para así poder penetrar más en lo irracional, espacio de una razón «ultraperceptible» útil para nuestra evolución.

I study Julio Cortázar´s influence in Juan Benet, based on the interviews made to the latter. He criticized him with virulence and superficially but, after a comparative study of their respective literary works, I found some similarities between both of them. they minimized and decentered the concepts of reality, logic and time as much as they did it with their epistemological, narratological or linguistic tools. they did that in order to raise the intellectual level of the readers and so as to penetrate more in the irrational, the space of a reason beyond perception and useful for our evolution.
Four Notes Towards Propaganda and the Post-Digital Symptom
Authors: Jackson Robert
Published: October 2019

What is it about propaganda that Alan Turing deemed sufficient in describing a statement about puzzles, problems and solutions? Despite not being an overtly political writer, Turing’s relevancy is undoubtedly important for the politics of digital culture today: particularly concerning relationships between culture, computation, mathematics, digital transmission and even the purported recognition of the “post-digital”. What on earth provoked him to describe a mathematical idea as propaganda? Might it not be understood as a retroactive sign of a post-digital affect, or, perhaps an expected symptom of embedded life within a politics of mathematical propagation? The purpose of this article is to outline what such a description might provoke.
Post-Digital Publishing, Hybrid and Processual Objects in Print
Authors: Ludovico Alessandro
Published: October 2019

This paper analyses the evolution of printed publishing under the crucial influence of digital technologies. After discussing how a medium becomes digital, it examines the ‘processual’ print, in other words, the print which embeds digital technologies in the printed page. The paper then investigates contemporary artist’s books and publications made with software collecting content from the web and conceptually rendering it in print. Finally, it explores the early steps taken towards true ‘hybrids’, or printed products that incorporate content obtained through specific software strategies, products which seamlessly integrate the medium specific characteristics with digital processes.
An Ethology of Urban Fabric(s)
Authors: Fritsch Jonas , Thomsen Marie Stavning
Published: October 2019

With this piece, we wish to open up a patch- work of relational thinking of the ethology of urban fabric(s) from a post-digital perspective. The semantic of the urban fabric normally denotes the “physical aspect of urbanism, emphasizing building types, thoroughfares, open space, frontages, and streetscapes but excluding (the) environmental, functional, economic and sociocultural [...]” (Wikipedia), from an ideal top-down perspective (see e.g. Bricoleur Urbanism). Here, however, we would like to explore a non-metaphorical understanding of urban fabric(s), shifting the attention from a bird’s eye perspective to the actual, textural manifestations of a variety of urban fabric(s) to be studied in their real, processual, ecological and ethological complexity within urban life. We effectuate this move by bringing into resonance a range of intersecting fields that all deal with urban fabric(s) in complementary ways (interaction design and urban design activism, fashion, cultural theory, philosophy, urban computing).
Object-Disoriented Sound
Authors: Chattopadhyay Budhaditya
Published: October 2019

For some time, I have been deeply con- cerned with the mindful potential of listening as the subjective ramification of auditory perception. The thoughts that envelop these concerns essentially stem from questions of perpetual mobility, flow, fluidity, flexibility, and nomadism that are perhaps symptomatic of the contemporary post-digital culture. A nomadic listener is affected by a fleeting sound, which appears and diminishes as it triggers an amorphous stream of subjective contemplation and thoughts bordering on the immediate known-ness of the sonic phenom- enon yet simultaneously moving toward the realm of the unknown.
A Dialogue on Cassette Tapes and their Memories
Authors: Andersen Christian Ulrik , Pold Søren Bro , Riis Morten Suder
Published: October 2019

The interest for lost media practices and materials appears intrinsic to contemporary popular and maker culture — a post-digital culture that through vinyl, cassette tapes, print, chemical photography, etc. revisits a time before the digital revolution. How are we to perceive this re-investment in history and old technologies? It is obvious to regard this as nostalgia and a trendy taste for lo-fi. However, the aim of this article is to develop an understanding of how these practices also express a critique of contemporary digital culture. This critique feeds on two competing perspectives on the materiality of media technologies: historical materialism and speculative realism, and hence also two perspectives on artistic media practice as a form of research.
Critical Infrastructure
Authors: Allen Jamie
Published: October 2019

The essay and ideas included here is a discussion of the topics raised through CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE, an artistic research and production residency that took place as part of the lead up to the transmediale festival, afterglow, 2014. The project’s initiation was about uncovering the resources and reserves of physical and material energies, signals and data that scaffold the very possibility of post-digital art-and-technology practices. Through a series of public workshops, and an installation project situated within the transmediale 2014 festival, CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE’s ‘post-digitality’ is not only historical-temporal, but immediate, and dredged up from below, in the present. The artistic project stemming from research and public events through the project creates a media-archaeological site-survey, revealing data and depth of the present moment of an art and technology festival.
Add to Shopping Basket
Authors: Charlton James
Published: October 2019

This article speculate on how data appears to come from things. Even when data itself becomes its own subject, data requires a source. But are things themselves data? When we ‘add to shopping basket’ on Amazon and elsewhere we create an event that is not an attribute of the book we buy but a subject of the data that self-creates. The paper argues that data here becomes a thing in the event of becoming itself. It is through this event that data ontologically separates itself from the subject of book and person.
Erasure, an Attempt to Surpass Datafication
Authors: Samson Audrey
Published: October 2019

Digital death is a growing concern as personal data and archives are increasingly digitised and stored in networked servers. It refers to the issues surrounding data owner- ship after a person’s death. Social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter have a rising number of deceased users. These companies have consequently developed policies for what happens after their constituents die. E.g, Facebook has a profile memorialisation option while Twitter will discontinue the account. There is very little said however about the erasure of digital data. The question then becomes, with the advent of digital technology, and cheap, plentiful storage devices, how is this nearly limitless archiving affecting our need to forget?
Sharing the Abject in Digital Culture
Authors: Søndergaard Marie Louise Juul
Published: October 2019

Menstruation has been picked up lately by the ‘tech’ industry. Today millions of users track their period cycle using reproductive health apps, and menstruation tracking is an integrated feature in Apple’s HealthKit software platform.The digitization of menstruation raises several questions about the cultural aspects of menstruation in an exchange economy. What happens to the cultural complexities of menstruation, and the body in general, when through digitization it changes value from excess to exchange? With this speculation I aim to investigate the relation between menstruation data as abject, taboo, and excess, in order to consider governed principles of subjectivity, intimacy, and sociality. Drawing on Georges Bataille’s notion of excess, Mary Douglas’ analysis of dirt, and Julia Kristeva’s notion of the abject, I will present a cultural analysis of menstruation tracking, including my own intervention Periodshare. Focusing on the relation between menstruation-as-dirt and data-as-purity, I will discuss complexities and ambiguities of data and the selfdisciplined quantified self as cultural objects.
Don’t just sit there shouting at the television, get up and change the channel
Authors: Hill John
Published: October 2019

Understanding political communication using a networked model is not simply a case of opposing linear with nonlinear communication, of mainstream media with social media, or television with the internet. Rather it is about seeing the whole of the communication system as complex, unstable and indeterminate. Networked communication includes within it both broadcast and dialogue but does not separate them out. Each part of the system has the capacity to determine the potential of the other, with meaning a product of the change they effect on the system as a whole. Understanding broadcast as existing within a networked model reopens the potential for invention that the statistical model of information must foreclose in order to function.
Elusive Borders
Authors: Herrie Maja Bak
Published: October 2019

In this article I discuss the themes of movement and restriction inherent in digital technologies in two very different artistic projects, both of which offer aesthetic material for debating the politics of data. I approach this discussion through the term gravity as used by philosopher Levi R. Bryant (The Gravity of Things; Onto-Cartography). Through an analogy to Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity, Bryant suggests the term gravity to denote how both semiotic and material entities influence the becoming and movement of subjects and collectives in time and space (Bryant, The Gravity of Things 10). I use this as a point of departure to investigate the shared space between physical and virtual borders, and the streams of data that are formed by, and also form, the space they traverse. The term gravity is used to elucidate the contours of the digital space that determines the paths between sender and receiver, as well as draws and erases borders, restricts and enables movement.
Most and Least of Research Value/s
Authors: Andersen Christian Ulrik , Cox Geoff
Published: October 2019

There is value and there are values. There is the measure of wealth, metrified and calculated in numerous ways, and there are ideas, ethics, preferences of taste, and customs of ideology. That the two can be associated together is nothing new. It is easy to value values and quantify how well we like, prefer or perform values (on a scale from one to ten; and ironicized here in the reworking of this introduction by Pip Thornton). Likewise, such processes of valorization in themselves imply particular values, ideologies and ethi- cal or aesthetical preferences (the beauty and rightfulness of valorization, wealth and surplus). But what really happens when the two are conflated? How do we understand how the values associated with something give it value; or, how giving something a value affords certain values? And, in what ways are the conflations of value and values tied to the circulation of value and values in contemporary technical infrastructures?
Rendered Inoperable
Authors: Munn Luke
Published: October 2019

Today the algorithmic moves off the white- board and into the world, producing subjectivities, articulating relationships, and shaping behaviours. Yet to obtain its objectives, the algorithmic must draw upon bodies, flows, and materials — matter which is contentious and agents which have their own intentionalities. Efficacy cannot simply be assumed, but must be incessantly negotiated via a set of procedures. What are the operations needed to incorporate subjects and spaces into regimes of algorithmic coordination? By examining the ride-sharing platform Uber as a case-study, three operations are identified as critical: encapsulation, enlistment and enchantment. When these operations are incomplete, algorithmic traction on a subject slips away, producing an array of undesired and unanticipated effects.
Epistemic Harvest
Authors: Hunger Francis
Published: October 2019

The following discussion of computational capital takes the electronic database, an infrastructure for storing information, as vantage point. Following a brief look into how database systems serve information desires, the notion of ‘database as discourse’ by Mark Poster is explored and further developed. Database as discourse establishes a machinic agency, directed towards the individual in a specific mode of hailing. This mode of hailing in turn leads to a scatteredform of subjectivity, that is identified with Manuela Ott and Gerald Raunig as dividual. How does dividualization emerge from database infrastructure? What is the specificquality of data, that is produced by and being harvested from in/dividuals into databases, and what are the consequences of such ashifted view?
Unlocking Proprietoral Systems for Artistic Practice
Authors: Garrett Marc
Published: October 2019

If we are co-designing our own iron cages, how do we find ways to be less dominated by these overpowering infrastructures and systems? How do we build fresh, independent places, spaces and identities, in relation to our P2P, artistic and cultural practices, individually and or collectively – when, our narratives are dominated by elite groups typically biased towards isolating and crushing alternatives? Does this mean that critical thought, aligned with artistic and experimental cultural ventures, along with creatively led technological practices, are all doomed to perpetuate a state of submission within a proprietorialabsolute?

To unpack the above questions we look at different types of proprietorial systems, some locked and unlocked, and consider their influence on creative forms of production across the fields of the traditional artworld, and media art culture. We look at how artists are dealing with these issues through their artistic agency: individually, collaboratively, or as part of a group or collective. This includes looking at the intentions behind the works: their production and cultural and societal contexts, where different sets of values and new possibilities are emerging, across the practice of art, academia, and technology, and thus, the world.
Iteracies of feeling
Authors: Emsley Iain
Published: October 2019

Computational readings of culture allow us to pose new questions or create new cultural forms supporting new forms of critical thinking and reading. Yet the machine may not be able to identify some of the qualities, such as emotion, that might be central to the question raised. Using the Next Rembrandt project as a case study, this paper suggests an approach to consider the medium as the site of meaning making in digital culture and how this affects critical practice using Raymond Williams, David Berry and Jacques Derrida. In the first part, I consider the idea of reading with machines and how this might be considered within the medium. The second part uses iteracy to find meaning in the models and how this might reveal new critical paths through readings of the image. The final part presents a reading of the digital object itself and how these can be used to create a space for meaning to come into being. Through this, the article raises questions about critical techniques for understanding the material object in distant reading methodologies asongoing research.
Machines of subjection
Authors: Zehner Brett
Published: October 2019

As the big data revolution ramps up, we are drawn to online platforms that modulate political identity far removed from so-called liberal politics (Cheney-Lippold 2011, 165). There are two ends to the extreme. We have seen the return of white supremacists on supposedly democratic networks while on the ‘back end’ of computational culture, algorithms de-subjectify users for proprietary gain. In the broad sense here, subjectivity is an individual’s relation to themselves. However, machine learning occupies a powerful position within the logics of capital by shifting the site of identification into a digital sphere (165). With the widespread use of machine learning practices, abduction creates an overall “sensibility to change and alter events” (Mackenzie 2013, 402). By abstracting concrete social practices into dta vectors, machine learners measure, forecast and modulate human behaviors. Put simply, machine learners have become some of the most potent social inscription devices today. It is within this context that my dissertation asks — how does the recent ubiquity of machine learning affect how we wield political subjectivity?
Affecting reality
Authors: Ng Carmen
Published: October 2019

This essay examines how digital games shape human affective repertoires and envisioned dynamics with nonhuman agents such as robots. Entanglements among humans, machines, and technologies impact essential issues in the historical present: from surveillance, climate change, cultural heritage, art, to the elicitation, habituation, and capturing of feelings. Approaching digital games as frontiers of such entanglements, this essay expounds dynamics among gameplay, affects, and gamic materiality through a case analysis of Nevermind (Flying Mollusk), a trauma-themed independent psychological thriller game with affect-sensing technologies. Discussionexplores how the game can generatively engage with lived experiences and discourses of grief and trauma; and the relationality among individuals, structures of feelings, and stigmatization. Anchoring the essay is an argument that digital games represent and operate with fundamental tenets of posthumanism, communicating meaning across affective and semiotic dimensions, bodies, machines, and sociocultural contexts. This essay emerged from an ongoing project on affective semiotics and social impact game design, in connection with a transnational research project on human-robot interactionsupported by the European Research Council.
(Un)predictable acts of data in machine learning environments
Authors: Wiehn Tanja
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates artistic representations of machine learning and their interventional potential. Taking its point of departure in two works of art, the paper discusses effects of predictability and unpredictability caused by machine learning systems. By thinking through “eventfulness” (Bucher) and “nonconscious cognition” (Hayles) in human and non-human environments, the paper analyzes the potential of artistic practices to question and rethink algorithmic processing. The paper provides a framework in which artwork challenges forms of technological predictability and comes to terms with machine learning as a fundamental cultural practice in its own right.
Non-user-friendly
Authors: Hollanek Tomasz
Published: October 2019

User-friendly design makes our use of emerging technologies intuitive and seamless, but it also conceals the new solutions’ influence over how we act, think and plan. In this paper, I analyze the logic of our newly developed ‘touchscreen sensibilities’ to speculate on alternative, ‘non-user-friendly’ design practices that, by invading intuitive interfaces, could make the users aware of their reliance on invisible algorithmic operations to learn and to feel. I revisit Žižek and Pfaller’s conception of ‘interpassivity’ to explore its potential as a means of resisting interactivity and inciting consciousness in contemporary speculative design. The critical interface I envision must defamiliarize consumption, prevent participation, and de-frame perception — make the user experience what lack of control feels like, and do so to encourage resistance.
Evaluation One Year after DAIR Treatment in 91 Suspected Early Prosthetic Joint Infections in Primary Knee and Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Jacobs Anouk M.E. , Valkering Lucia J.J. , Bénard Menno , Meis Jacques F. , Goosen Jon H.M.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Introduction: Early recognition and appropriate initial treatment with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) if a suspicion of an early prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is present can eradicate infection on first attempt and prevent implant failure. We evaluated the outcome after 1 year of patients treated with DAIR after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA). Furthermore, we determined preoperative, microbiology, and treatment factors related to failure after DAIR.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was assembled with 91 patients undergoing DAIR with a high suspicion of an early PJI. Records were reviewed for demographics, preoperative laboratory results, microbiological data, given treatment and postoperative follow-up. The primary outcome was infection-free implant survival at 1 year. Repeated DAIR was not considered as treatment failure.Results: The rate of infection-free implant survival following DAIR in a suspected early PJI was 85% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 78-91). Cultures remained negative in 20 patients, with no occurrence of infection during follow-up. A higher failure rate was seen in early PJI caused by Enterococcus faecalis (p=0.04). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant association between treatment failure and high C-reactive protein level (CRP >100) (odds ratio 10.0, 95% CI [1.5-70]) and multiple DAIR procedures (≥2) (odds ratio 5.0, 95%CI [1.1-23]).Conclusion: If an early PJI is suspected DAIR is the appointed treatment with up to 2 debridement procedures. Since culture-negative DAIRs were not related to any complications during follow-up, overtreatment of suspected PJI seems to do no significant harm with respect to implant failure.
Les jeunes NEEF : enjeux de définition et d’usage d’une catégorie d’action publique
Authors: Binet Jonathan
Published: October 2019

Cet article propose un état critique des lieux sur la construction sociale des jeunes qui ne sont ni en emploi, ni aux études, ni en formation (NEEF) en tant que catégorie de l’action publique et en tant que réponse à l’immobilité et à la pauvreté des jeunes. Après avoir défini l’activation en lien avec un régime de gouvernementalité, il met en évidence les conditions de provenance et d’extension de cette catégorie. Ce retour critique permet ensuite de repérer quelques prescriptions et enjeux normatifs des politiques d’activation et des pratiques d’intervention qui ciblent les jeunes NEEF d’aujourd’hui. Il permet en outre de remettre en question l’efficacité de ces politiques et pratiques en matière de mobilisation, d’accès à l’emploi et de lutte à la pauvreté.
Le régime de citoyenneté et l’itinérance des femmes. Des parcours semés d’embûches
Authors: Bourque Mélanie , Grenier Katia , Grenier Josée , Thibault Sylvie
Published: October 2019

Cet article porte sur les résultats d’une recherche qualitative effectuée auprès de 18 femmes vivant une situation d’itinérance dans deux maisons d’hébergement situées dans deux villes différentes. L’analyse de leur discours a permis de rendre compte de leur rapport aux institutions. En effet, cette étude sur le parcours de vie des femmes révèle un discours marqué par la protection sociale à laquelle elles ont recours. L’article analyse donc ce discours à la lumière du concept de régime de citoyenneté. Il conclut que le régime de citoyenneté actuel a un impact considérable sur l’exercice de citoyenneté des femmes.
Face cachée de la pauvreté au Nouveau-Brunswick : donner voix aux femmes pour comprendre la souffrance
Authors: Lanteigne Isabel , Savoie Lise , Albert Hélène , Roy-Comeau Catherine
Published: October 2019

Cet article aborde la souffrance des femmes du Nouveau-Brunswick en situation de pauvreté à partir de leur expérience de vie. Leur narratif a été recueilli dans le cadre de trois recherches qualitatives. La souffrance vécue met en lumière trois dimensions soit la disqualification, la stigmatisation et les modes d’adaptation et de résistance. L’analyse de ces dimensions renvoie à la prise en compte de l’expérience subjective de la chute associée à la disqualification, de la honte liée à la stigmatisation, ainsi que de l’espoir et des luttes qui permettent de s’adapter et de résister. Ce regard propose de comprendre la pauvreté au-delà d’une perspective individualisante conviant plutôt à lutter contre la pauvreté dans une visée de dignité humaine.
Se construire en situation de pauvreté et de raccrochage scolaire : une approche biographique
Authors: Charlebois François-Xavier
Published: October 2019

Cet article présente les épreuves sociales vécues par dix jeunes adultes en situation de pauvreté et de raccrochage scolaire. L’analyse des rapports sociaux constitutifs de leur histoire de vie a permis de formaliser une compréhension du processus de construction identitaire de chacune et de chacun de ces jeunes adultes. Pour plusieurs, l’expérience du raccrochage scolaire apparaît comme une voie pour réussir une période de moratoire et s’émanciper de rapports sociaux qui ont inhibé la construction de leur identité. Cet article permettra aussi d’identifier les contraintes persistantes à l’émancipation à un moment où ils cherchent à entrer positivement dans l’âge adulte alors qu’ils vivent en situation de pauvreté.
La mendicité comme moyen de revendication d’une identité positive : l’exemple des « mères de jumeaux » à Ouagadougou
Authors: Sawadogo Honorine Pegdwendé
Published: October 2019

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude visant à comprendre le sens de la pratique de la mendicité par des « mères de jumeaux » en contexte urbain. Elle s’appuie sur des entretiens individuels menés auprès de 30 « mères de jumeaux » en situation de mendicité dans la ville de Ouagadougou. Les résultats révèlent que la présentation des jumeaux est un fait culturel pour certains groupes socioculturels qui considèrent les jumeaux comme des enfants exceptionnels. La mendicité telle que pratiquée actuellement par des « mères de jumeaux » répond donc à des codes culturels, mais l’urbanisation lui impose une mutation pour la satisfaction des besoins existentiels. Cette nouvelle forme de mendicité reflète une des stratégies alternatives mises en oeuvre par ces femmes pour survivre et faire vivre leur famille. En subvenant aux besoins de leur famille, elles se sentent utiles et s’identifient comme des mères vaillantes et résilientes.
PORTRAIT DES PRATIQUES LIÉES À L’USAGE DU STANFORD PRESENTEEISM SCALE (SPS-6) EN RECHERCHE : UNE ÉTUDE COMPARANT LES PROPRIÉTÉS DE TROIS VERSIONS DIFFÉRENTES DE L’INSTRUMENT
Authors: Lauzier1 Martin
Published: October 2019

Cette étude effectue un portrait des pratiques liées à l’usage du Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS-6) en recherche, un instrument couramment utilisé dans les travaux sur le présentéisme. Deux cent trente-huit travailleurs divisés en trois groupes ont participé à l’étude : un complétant le questionnaire dans sa version originale et les autres répondants aux deux versions expérimentales (l’une dont les items sont de forme positive et l’autre dont les items sont de formes négatives). Les résultats montrent que les versions expérimentales présentent des structures unidimensionnelles et des patrons corrélationnels similaires à ceux de la version originale. Des guides à l’usage des différentes versions du SPS-6 sont discutés en conclusion.
EXCESSIF, ADDICTIF, COMPULSIF, HYPERACTIF : RELATIONS ENTRE EXERCICE ET TROUBLE DES CONDUITES ALIMENTAIRES À L’ADOLESCENCE
Authors: Fortier Martine , Dion1 Jacinthe
Published: October 2019

Cet article vise une meilleure compréhension de l’exercice compulsif : sa définition, son développement selon les théories existantes et son lien avec les troubles des conduites alimentaires (TCA). Pour ce faire, les différentes définitions et les termes liés à l’exercice compulsif sont décrits, de même que les théories et modèles récemment élaborés pour comprendre ce lien. Suite à la présentation des différents concepts, le terme « exercice compulsif » est particulièrement adapté pour décrire le lien entre l’exercice et les TCA. La compulsion, le perfectionnisme et la rigidité semblent des facteurs communs à l’exercice compulsif et aux TCA tant dans les modèles psychologiques que ceux découlant des neurosciences. Une attention est enfin portée aux particularités liées à l’exercice compulsif à l’adolescence.
NAPLAN versus In-School Assessment: How Similar or Different are Students’ Results?
Authors: Lee Jihyun , McArthur William , Ellis Neville John
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare students’ results in mathematics from a large-scale standardized assessment, the National Assessment Program: Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN), with a set of teacher-developed, school-based assessments. A case study of an all-boys secondary
school in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, was conducted over three years with a total 1,456 student-participants. We found strong positive correlations existed between the NAPLAN data and certain school-based assessment data, such as monthly tests, but such results were not consistent
across all classes. We conclude that NAPLAN data when considered in isolation, might be of limited benefit to teachers and students for diagnostic purposes. We therefore offer practical suggestions as to how student performance data generated from a large-scale assessment like NAPLAN might
be best utilized and interpreted for formative assessment purposes in the school to optimally benefit individual students’ learning.
The lysosomal transporter MFSD1 is essential for liver homeostasis and critically depends on its accessory subunit GLMP
Authors: Massa López David , Thelen Melanie , Stahl Felix , Thiel Christian , Linhorst Arne , Sylvester Marc , Hermanns-Borgmeyer Irm , Lüllmann-Rauch Renate , Eskild Winnie , Saftig Paul , Damme Markus
Published: October 2019

Lysosomes are major sites for intracellular, acidic hydrolase-mediated proteolysis and cellular degradation. The export of low-molecular-weight catabolic end-products is facilitated by polytopic transmembrane proteins mediating secondary active or passive transport. A number of these lysosomal transporters, however, remain enigmatic. We present a detailed analysis of MFSD1, a hitherto uncharacterized lysosomal family member of the major facilitator superfamily. MFSD1 is not N-glycosylated. It contains a dileucine-based sorting motif needed for its transport to lysosomes. Mfsd1 knockout mice develop splenomegaly and severe liver disease. Proteomics of isolated lysosomes from Mfsd1 knockout mice revealed GLMP as a critical accessory subunit for MFSD1. MFSD1 and GLMP physically interact. GLMP is essential for the maintenance of normal levels of MFSD1 in lysosomes and vice versa. Glmp knockout mice mimic the phenotype of Mfsd1 knockout mice. Our data reveal a tightly linked MFSD1/GLMP lysosomal membrane protein transporter complex.
Spatial structure undermines parasite suppression by gene drive cargo
Authors: Bull James J. , Remien Christopher H. , Gomulkiewicz Richard , Krone Stephen M.
Published: October 2019

Gene drives may be used in two ways to curtail vectored diseases. Both involve engineering the drive to spread in the vector population. One approach uses the drive to directly depress vector numbers, possibly to extinction. The other approach leaves intact the vector population but suppresses the disease agent during its interaction with the vector. This second application may use a drive engineered to carry a genetic cargo that blocks the disease agent. An advantage of the second application is that it is far less likely to select vector resistance to block the drive, but the disease agent may instead evolve resistance to the inhibitory cargo. However, some gene drives are expected to spread so fast and attain such high coverage in the vector population that, if the disease agent can evolve resistance only gradually, disease eradication may be feasible. Here we use simple models to show that spatial structure in the vector population can greatly facilitate persistence and evolution of resistance by the disease agent. We suggest simple approaches to avoid some types of spatial structure, but others may be intrinsic to the populations being challenged and difficult to overcome.
Effect of acute eye fatigue on cognition for young females: a pilot study
Authors: Akagi Ryota , Tonotsuka Miki , Horie Ryota , Hirata Kosuke , Ando Soichi
Published: October 2019

The number of people suffering from eye fatigue induced by visual display terminal (VDT) viewing is expected to increase in the modern world. Eye dysfunction is suggested to induce a decrease in cognitive function, at least in the long term. Furthermore, considering other previous findings, it may be reasonable to think that acute or relatively short-term eye dysfunction attenuates cognitive function for not only older but also young individuals. Hence, clarification of the effect of eye fatigue induced by VDT viewing on cognitive performance is essential in order to maintain and/or improve our quality of life in the modern world regardless of age. The present study investigated the effect of eye fatigue induced by 1-h VDT viewing on cognitive performance, to test the hypothesis that such eye fatigue impairs cognitive performance in young individuals. A total of 19 healthy female university students voluntarily participated in this study. Before and after the 1-h VDT viewing or resting, the degree of eye fatigue and cognitive performance were evaluated. Refractive error measurement was performed to assess the degree of eye fatigue using a binocular auto refractometer, and a memory recognition task and Go/NoGo task were used to estimate cognitive performance. Response accuracy and reaction time were evaluated in the two tasks. Due to difficulty in interpreting the data of refractive error for one participant from the perspective of eye fatigue, the data for 18 participants were used for further analysis. The refractive error was significantly lower after than before the VDT viewing, but a corresponding change was not found before and after resting. Regarding cognitive performance, only the reaction time in the memory recognition task varied with the VDT viewing or resting. The reaction time was significantly longer after than before resting, without a corresponding difference before and after the VDT viewing. Thus, the 1-h VDT viewing induced eye fatigue, but relatively improved rather than attenuated reaction time in the memory recognition task. These results suggest that the effect of the increase in arousal level induced by the present VDT viewing on memory recognition compensated for the negative effect of 1-h resting of the eyes. We conclude that the acute eye fatigue induced by the 1-h VDT viewing does not have detrimental effects on cognition in young females at least under the present conditions.
ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO: INVESTIGANDO AS PLANTAS ALIMENTÍCIAS NÃO CONVENCIONAIS NAS FEIRAS DE MANAUS-AM / CONTENT ANALYSIS: INVESTIGATING THE NON-CONVENTIONAL FOOD PLANTS AT THE MANAUS-AM FAIRS
Authors: Dutra Borges Carla Karoline Gomes , Silva Cirlande Cabral da , Gonçalves Carmen Érica Lima de Campos
Published: October 2019

Este artigo se propõe investigar a Divulgação Científica das Plantas Alimentícias não Convencionais nas feiras da Cidade de Manaus – AM. Para isso ele traz a Análise de Conteúdo enquanto metodologia analítica. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados analisados foram as entrevistas, questionários, observação direta e diários de campo. As categorias obtidas foram analisadas através da técnica Type Token Ratio, que consistiu em analisar os dados obtidos e assim quantificar a riqueza vocabular coletada dos participantes da pesquisa. Diante da presente análise, os resultados obtidos se mostraram consistentes dentro do que está sendo teorizado e evidenciado nos referenciais. Assim, a indicação do uso da Análise de Conteúdo se mostrou válida, uma vez que ela pode ser utilizada em pesquisas similares de ordem qualitativa, quantitativa, analítica textual e também como base para responder às situações contemporâneas do universo humano, cujos limites e profundidade sejam desconhecidos.