bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seborrheic keratosis in an adolescent: A rare presentation
Authors: Zare Pooria , Ramezani Mazaher
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical Message

Seborrheic keratosis is a common benign epidermal lesion that typically occurs in the elderly population. Its occurrence in childhood and adolescence is rare and can pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and dermatopathologists. We report a case of a 16‐year‐old boy with multiple brown, black oval‐shaped stuck‐on lesions on his face, which were diagnosed as seborrheic keratosis based on histological findings. The patient had no significant medical history or family history of seborrheic keratosis. In this report, we discuss the differential diagnoses of seborrheic keratosis‐like lesions in childhood and adolescence and explain why they were not compatible with our case. We also review the available treatment options. Our case emphasizes the need for dermatologists to consider seborrheic keratosis in the differential diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in young patients.
Recent Advances in Nickel‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Allenes: New Insights and Perspectives
Authors: Liu Xiaopan , Jiao Chenchen , Cui Shilin , Liu Qingfeng , Zhang Xingjie , Zhang Guisheng
Published: July 2023

Allenes are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry, featuring unique physical and chemical properties. They are not only the key scaffolds present in natural products, pharmaceutical molecules, and advanced functional materials, but also the valuable and versatile building blocks for the construction of various complex and bioactive molecules in organic synthesis. Accordingly, benefiting from the rapid development of transition metal catalysis, numerous remarkable and efficient approaches for the synthesis of allenes from readily available chemicals have been established in the past decades. In this brief review, we focus on the recent advancements in nickel‐catalyzed synthesis of allenes. These transformations are divided into two categories according to the types of reactions and sorted further by starting materials. Moreover, a concise discussion of the limitations and potential areas of improvement in this field is also provided, which would give an inspiration for future study on allene synthesis.
The study of color as a component of urban cultural construction: A theoretical reflection and methodological proposal
Authors: Odetti Jimena Vanina
Published: July 2023

This article presents a theoretical reflection and a methodological proposal for the study of urban color as an element of experience and urban cultural construction. The purpose is to propose a methodology based on the analysis of the relationships between the objective and subjective aspects of color in the city. To this end, we aim to understand the objective visual perceptions and relate them to the subjective associations that the inhabitants identify from the urban experience. Additionally, a methodological crossover is carried out that considers the study of urban color from the perceptual and objective analysis of color with the methodologies of imaginaries and urban anthropology. Thus, the proposed chromatic approach links the objective and subjective aspects of color with the tangible and intangible elements of the city. By so doing, this article underlines how the results are not limited to the objective terms of the study of urban color but are enriched by the identification of subjective aspects, such as the analysis of the historical and social contexts in which the colors were chosen, as well as the perceptions that their inhabitants have about them. This research aims to deepen and broaden the view of a city from a chromatic study's perspective. The conclusions invite us to make a reading of the representations and perceptions of the inhabitants of a city who, through the questioning of color, can express their needs, desires and emotions for the place they inhabit and thus transmit a particular cultural construction of the city.
Human activities modulate reciprocal effects of a subterranean ecological engineer rodent, Tachyoryctes macrocephalus, on Afroalpine vegetation cover
Authors: Asefa Addisu , Reuber Victoria , Miehe Georg , Wraase Luise , Wube Tilaye , Schabo Dana G. , Farwig Nina
Published: July 2023

Human activities, directly and indirectly, impact ecological engineering activities of subterranean rodents. As engineering activities of burrowing rodents are affected by, and reciprocally affect vegetation cover via feeding, burrowing and mound building, human influence such as settlements and livestock grazing, could have cascading effects on biodiversity and ecosystem processes such as bioturbation. However, there is limited understanding of the relationship between human activities and burrowing rodents. The aim of this study was therefore to understand how human activities influence the ecological engineering activity of the giant root‐rat (Tachyoryctes macrocephalus), a subterranean rodent species endemic to the Afroalpine ecosystem of the Bale Mountains of Ethiopia. We collected data on human impact, burrowing activity and vegetation during February and March of 2021. Using path analysis, we tested (1) direct effects of human settlement on the patterns of livestock grazing intensity, (2) direct and indirect impacts of humans and livestock grazing intensity on the root‐rat burrow density and (3) whether human settlement and livestock grazing influence the effects of giant root‐rat burrow density on vegetation and vice versa. We found lower levels of livestock grazing intensity further from human settlement than in its proximity. We also found a significantly increased giant root‐rat burrow density with increasing livestock grazing intensity. Seasonal settlement and livestock grazing intensity had an indirect negative and positive effect on giant root‐rat burrow density, respectively, both via vegetation cover. Analysing the reciprocal effects of giant root‐rat on vegetation, we found a significantly decreased vegetation cover with increasing density of giant root‐rat burrows, and indirectly with increasing livestock grazing intensity via giant root‐rat burrow density. Our results demonstrate that giant root‐rats play a synanthropic engineering role that affects vegetation structure and ecosystem processes.
Building better solid‐state batteries with silicon‐based anodes
Authors: Sun Zhefei , Yin Quanzhi , Chen Haoyu , Li Miao , Zhou Shenghui , Wen Sifan , Pan Jianhai , Zheng Qizheng , Jiang Bing , Liu Haodong , Kim Kangwoon , Li Jie , Han Xiang , He Yan‐Bing , Zhang Li , Li Meicheng , Zhang Qiaobao
Published: July 2023

Silicon (Si)‐based solid‐state batteries (Si‐SSBs) are attracting tremendous attention because of their high energy density and unprecedented safety, making them become promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage systems. Nevertheless, the commercialization of Si‐SSBs is significantly impeded by enormous challenges including large volume variation, severe interfacial problems, elusive fundamental mechanisms, and unsatisfied electrochemical performance. Besides, some unknown electrochemical processes in Si‐based anode, solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs), and Si‐based anode/SSE interfaces are still needed to be explored, while an in‐depth understanding of solid–solid interfacial chemistry is insufficient in Si‐SSBs. This review aims to summarize the current scientific and technological advances and insights into tackling challenges to promote the deployment of Si‐SSBs. First, the differences between various conventional liquid electrolyte‐dominated Si‐based lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with Si‐SSBs are discussed. Subsequently, the interfacial mechanical contact model, chemical reaction properties, and charge transfer kinetics (mechanical–chemical kinetics) between Si‐based anode and three different SSEs (inorganic (oxides) SSEs, organic–inorganic composite SSEs, and inorganic (sulfides) SSEs) are systemically reviewed, respectively. Moreover, the progress for promising inorganic (sulfides) SSE‐based Si‐SSBs on the aspects of electrode constitution, three‐dimensional structured electrodes, and external stack pressure is highlighted, respectively. Finally, future research directions and prospects in the development of Si‐SSBs are proposed.
Incidence of client‐initiated workplace violence among counselors: A national study
Authors: Kempf Janet Kathleen , Laux John M. , Dari Tahani , Fox Christine M.
Published: July 2023

Workplace violence (WPV) is a global concern and consists of psychological and physical threats or acts. To date, limited data exist to document client‐initiated WPV experienced by professional counselors. Survey results from 2616 counselors in 12 states indicate that most counselors have no memory of WPV training from their counselor education programs. Over 75% of the sample experienced WPV. Counselors experience psychological forms of WPV at greater rates than physical forms. Over half of WPV experiences occurred during participants’ graduate training and in the first 4 years of their professional practice. WPV occurs in all locations where counselors work. WPV's consequences differ, ranging from none to career ending disruptions. Counselors’ responses varied, including no action or responses, seeking support from supervisors, professional peers, and family members, and engaging in medical and/or mental health services. Suggestions for practice, training, and future research are offered.
Surgical Outcomes by Early Airway Endoscopy Findings after Pediatric Staged Laryngotracheoplasty
Authors: Dabbous Helene , Chorney Stephen R. , Johnson Romaine F. , Kou Yann‐Fuu
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To determine how initial postoperative airway endoscopy findings after stent removal predict successful decannulation in children undergoing double‐staged laryngotracheoplasty (dsLTP). Secondary objectives assessed timing of decannulation and number of endoscopic interventions needed after dsLTP.

Methods

A case series with chart review included children who underwent dsLTP at a tertiary children's hospital between 2008 and 2021. Rates of decannulation, time to decannulation, and number of interventions after dsLTP were recorded for children with high‐ or low‐grade stenosis at the first bronchoscopy after stent removal.

Results

Of the 65 children who were included, 88% had high‐grade stenosis and 98% had a preoperative tracheostomy. Successful decannulation happened in 74% of the children, and 44% of the children were decannulated within 12 months of surgery. For children with low‐grade stenosis at the first endoscopy after stent removal, 84% were successfully decannulated compared with 36% of the children with high‐grade stenosis (p = 0.001). After dsLTP, children with high‐grade stenosis required 7.5 interventions (SD: 3.3) compared with 4.0 interventions (SD: 3.0) for children with low‐grade stenosis (p < 0.001). Decannulated children with high‐grade stenosis necessitated more endoscopic procedures (7.0 vs. 3.7, p = 0.02). Time to decannulation was similar between children with high‐ and low‐grade early postoperative stenosis (21.9 vs. 17.8 months, p = 0.63).

Conclusions

Higher grade stenosis identified on the first airway endoscopy after suprastomal stent removal is correlated with lower decannulation rates and more postoperative endoscopic interventions. Although time to decannulation was not impacted by early stenosis grade, surgeons might utilize these early airway findings to counsel families and prognosticate possible surgical success.

Level of Evidence

4 Laryngoscope, 134:963–967, 2024
Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: Neuroblastoma
Authors: Bagatell Rochelle , DuBois Steven G. , Naranjo Arlene , Belle Jen , Goldsmith Kelly C. , Park Julie R. , Irwin Meredith S. ,   the COG Neuroblastoma Committee
Published: July 2023

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra‐cranial solid tumor in children and is known for its clinical heterogeneity. A greater understanding of the biology of this disease has led to both improved risk stratification and new approaches to therapy. Outcomes for children with low and intermediate risk disease are excellent overall, and efforts to decrease therapy for such patients have been largely successful. Although survival has improved over time for patients with high‐risk disease and treatments evaluated in the relapse setting are now being moved into earlier phases of treatment, much work remains to improve survival and decrease therapy‐related toxicities. Studies of highly annotated biobanked samples continue to lead to important insights regarding neuroblastoma biology. Such studies, along with correlative biology studies incorporated into therapeutic trials, are expected to continue to provide insights that lead to new and more effective therapies. A focus on translational science is accompanied by an emphasis on new agent development, optimized risk stratification, and international collaboration to address questions relevant to molecularly defined subsets of patients. In addition, the COG Neuroblastoma Committee is committed to addressing the patient/family experience, mitigating late effects of therapy, and studying social determinants of health in patients with neuroblastoma.
Application of a structural monitoring on segmental tunnel linings
Authors: Rauch Fabian , Fischer Oliver
Published: July 2023

The prediction of the structural behavior and the internal forces acting in segmental tunnel linings is a difficult task and contains uncertainties. In situ measurements within structural monitoring are the only possibility to assess the results under realistic boundary conditions. However, no standardized structural monitoring method for segmented lining exists and consequentially setting up a new monitoring project requires an increased effort. Therefore, in this paper, first, an analysis of experiences in reported monitoring projects is done. Then, a report on a current monitoring project carried out by the authors and the experiences made are presented. Based on these, suggestions are given to facilitate future applications of structural monitoring on segmental tunnel linings regarding conceptualization, instrumentation, installation, operation, and data evaluation.
Loss and Temperature Evaluation of Unbalanced Three‐Phase Inverter Driven Two‐Phase PWM Scheme Using Variable Switching‐Pause Period
Authors: Minami Masataka , Fukutani Honoka , Sato Shun
Published: July 2023

Unbalanced parasitic component parameters in a three‐phase inverter can cause unbalanced device losses. In this study, we focus on equalizing the device losses for an unbalanced three‐phase inverter and propose a novel two‐phase pulse‐width modulation (PWM) scheme. We evaluated the loss and temperature of an unbalanced three‐phase inverter driven by the proposed two‐phase PWM scheme using a variable switching‐pause period. The proposed PWM scheme can achieve equalization of loss and temperature. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Assessment of the Global Variance Effective Size of Subdivided Populations, and Its Relation to Other Effective Sizes
Authors: Hössjer Ola , Laikre Linda , Ryman Nils
Published: July 2023

The variance effective population size ($$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

) is frequently used to quantify the expected rate at which a population’s allele frequencies change over time. The purpose of this paper is to find expressions for the global $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

of a spatially structured population that are of interest for conservation of species. Since $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

depends on allele frequency change, we start by dividing the cause of allele frequency change into genetic drift within subpopulations (I) and a second component mainly due to migration between subpopulations (II). We investigate in detail how these two components depend on the way in which subpopulations are weighted as well as their dependence on parameters of the model such a migration rates, and local effective and census sizes. It is shown that under certain conditions the impact of II is eliminated, and $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

of the metapopulation is maximized, when subpopulations are weighted proportionally to their long term reproductive contributions. This maximal $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

is the sought for global effective size, since it approximates the gene diversity effective size $$N_{eGD}$$

N

eGD

, a quantifier of the rate of loss of genetic diversity that is relevant for conservation of species and populations. We also propose two novel versions of $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

, one of which (the backward version of $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

) is most stable, exists for most populations, and is closer to $$N_{eGD}$$

N

eGD

than the classical notion of $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

. Expressions for the optimal length of the time interval for measuring genetic change are developed, that make it possible to estimate any version of $$N_{eV}$$

N

eV

with maximal accuracy.
A constraint programming model for the scheduling and workspace layout design of a dual-arm multi-tool assembly robot
Authors: Wessén Johan , Carlsson Mats , Schulte Christian , Flener Pierre , Pecora Federico , Matskin Mihhail
Published: July 2023

The generation of a robot program can be seen as a collection of sub-problems, where many combinations of some of these sub-problems are well studied. The performance of a robot program is strongly conditioned by the location of the tasks. However, the scope of previous methods does not include workspace layout design, likely missing high-quality solutions. In industrial applications, designing robot workspace layout is part of the commissioning. We broaden the scope and show how to model a dual-arm multi-tool robot assembly problem. Our model includes more robot programming sub-problems than previous methods, as well as workspace layout design. We propose a constraint programming formulation in MiniZinc that includes elements from scheduling and routing, extended with variable task locations. We evaluate the model on realistic assembly problems and workspaces, utilizing the dual-arm YuMi robot from ABB Ltd. We also evaluate redundant constraints and various formulations for avoiding arm-to-arm collisions. The best model variant quickly finds high-quality solutions for all problem instances. This demonstrates the potential of our approach as a valuable tool for a robot programmer.
Understanding the Gap Between Union Sentiment and Union Joining: A Moderated Mediated Psychological Model of Willingness to Join
Authors: Mellor Steven
Published: July 2023

Stemming from recent national U.S. polls that indicate a notable gap between feelings about unions and willingness to act in accordance with a union, we proposed and tested a psychological model to address the apparent disconnect between sentiment and action. As an internal process model featuring emotional elements, we hypothesized that negative social emotions perceived to be encouraged by unions relate to willingness to join a union, in which the link between emotions and willingness to join unfolds through union intolerance. Drawing from psychodynamics, we proposed that the linking mechanism for the hypothesized mediation is a case example of projection. We demonstrated the fit of the model based on survey data collected from nonunion employees (N = 385), and further detailed the fit in relation to hypothesized moderated mediation to show conditions under which: (a) projection is more likely, and (b) intolerance linked to willingness to join is more negative. Discussed are model results that bear on future model expansions and applications.
A Synchronized Two-Dimensional $\alpha $–$\Omega $ Model of the Solar Dynamo
Authors: Klevs M. , Stefani F. , Jouve L.
Published: July 2023

We consider a conventional $\alpha $
α
–$\Omega $
Ω
-dynamo model with meridional circulation that exhibits typical features of the solar dynamo, including a Hale-cycle period of around 20 years and a reasonable shape of the butterfly diagram. With regard to recent ideas of a tidal synchronization of the solar cycle, we complement this model by an additional time-periodic $\alpha $
α
-term that is localized in the tachocline region. It is shown that amplitudes of some decimeters per second are sufficient for this $\alpha $
α
-term to become capable of entraining the underlying dynamo. We argue that such amplitudes of $\alpha $
α
may indeed be realistic, since velocities in the range of m s−1 are reachable, e.g., for tidally excited magneto–Rossby waves.
A Highly Active and Reusable Multicomponent high Entropy Metal Oxide Catalyst for Nitroarenes Hydrogenation
Authors: Soltani Nayereh , Rahman Jamil Ur , Carvalho Patricia Almeida , Finstad Terje G.
Published: July 2023

It is well known that multicomponent catalysts can improve catalytic performance, however their rational design and precise control of catalytic activities by varying the composition of the elements is challenging. Herein, we present a facile and scalable synthetic strategy for production of senary and septenary metal oxide nanoparticles with a chemical composition of MSbOx and MSb2Ox (M: Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, and Zn). All samples were formed in a tetragonal crystal structure with space group 136 and crystallographic symmetry P42/mnm while the details of their constituent unit cells are different, belonging to rutile or trirutile structures. These nanocomposites have an oxygen vacancy-rich construction with uniform elemental distributions that produce various surface functionalities. They showed instantaneous hydrogenation catalytic performance for reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol at room temperature. Among our samples, the senary catalyst with MSbOx chemical composition showed better durability and reusability owning to its morphological and microstructural properties. It showed 100% conversion of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol within 4 min at the 18th run without any by-products.
Advancing database security: a comprehensive systematic mapping study of potential challenges
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Khan Siffat Ullah , Niazi Mahmood , Humayun Mamoona , Sama Najm Us , Khan Arif Ali , Ahmad Aakash
Published: July 2023

The value of data to a company means that it must be protected. When it comes to safeguarding their local and worldwide databases, businesses face a number of challenges. To systematically review the literature to highlight the difficulties in establishing, implementing, and maintaining secure databases. In order to better understand database system problems, we did a systematic mapping study (SMS). We’ve analyzed 100 research publications from different digital libraries and found 20 issues after adopting inclusion and exclusion criteria. This SMS study aimed to identify the most up-to-date research in database security and the different challenges faced by users/clients using various databases from a software engineering perspective. In total, 20 challenges were identified related to database security. Our results show that “weak authorization system”, “weak access control”, “privacy issues/data leakage”, “lack of NOP security”, and “database attacks” as the most frequently cited critical challenges. Further analyses were performed to show different challenges with respect to different phases of the software development lifecycle, venue of publications, types of database attacks, and active research institutes/universities researching database security. The organizations should implement adequate mitigation strategies to address the identified database challenges. This research will also provide a direction for new research in this area.
Abyssal Choreography: The Ropedancer's Unsettling Agency and Philippe Petit's Walks
Authors: Ben-Shaul Daphna
Published: July 2023

This article explores the cultural figure of the ropedancer and focuses on the influential performance of Philippe Petit in two of his walks. The high-wire walker plays a significant role discussed within three frameworks: a philosophical and urban discussion offering interwoven perspectives; the iconic walk at the World Trade Center in New York in 1974; and Petit's high-wire crossing performed in Jerusalem's geopolitical context in 1987. Ropedancing is an “abyssal choreography”—a movement at a high altitude above the depth with maximum control on the verge of losing balance. As related to specific walks, this movement embodies a dialectic agency. It transcends local narratives but empowers and critically exposes them. It requires meticulous discipline and unbounded creativity, and it is linked to oppositional positions between which the ropedancer can unsettlingly fluctuate. This movement activates danger or crisis while moving over the abyss as a vector connecting places, times, and events.
Where didwergo? Lexical variation and change in third-person male adult noun referents in Old and Middle English
Authors: Stratton James M.
Published: July 2023

The present study uses variationist quantitative methods to examine the evolution of the semantic field of third-person male adult noun referents from Old English to Middle English, covering a time depth of approximately six hundred years. Results show a shift from the favored variantwerin Old English tomanin Middle English, with the diachronic change in frequency following a prototypical s-shaped distribution. Although the replacement seems to take centuries to be complete, lexical frequency and written transmission are proposed as influential explanatory factors, and a homonymic clash is suggested to have accelerated the process of replacement in Middle English. Text type and text origin contribute to variation, with alliteration significantly influencing lexical choices in Old English verse texts. When combined with findings from recent synchronic work, this study highlights a heterogeneously structured semantic domain, which has undergone lexical replacement and change over time, providing some evidence for the applicability of s-shaped patterns for lexical change.
Perfusion index in newborns with CHD without clinical signs of hypoperfusion and heart failure: comparison with healthy newborns
Authors: Argun Mustafa , Sunkak Süleyman , Elmalı Ferhan , Keskin Şuayip , Narin Nazmi
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

Peripheral perfusion index has been proposed as a possible method for detecting circulatory impairment. We aimed to determine the normal range of peripheral perfusion index in healthy newborns and compare it with that of newborns with CHD.

Methods:

Right-hand saturation and right-hand peripheral perfusion index levels were recorded, and physical examination and echocardiography were performed in newborns who were 0–28 days old and whom were evaluated in our paediatric cardiology outpatient clinic. The saturation and peripheral perfusion index levels of newborns with normal heart anatomy and function were compared with those of newborns with CHD.

Results:

Out of 358 newborns (238 mature and 75 premature) enrolled in the study, 39 had CHD (20 mild CHD, 13 moderate CHD, and 6 severe CHD), of which 29 had CHD with left-to-right shunting, 5 had obstructive CHD, and 5 had cyanotic CHD. No newborn had clinical signs of hypoperfusion or heart failure, such as prolonged capillary refill, weakened pulses, or coldness of extremities. Peripheral perfusion index level was median (interquartile range) 1.7 (0.6) in healthy newborns, 1.8 (0.7) in newborns with mild CHD, and 1.8 (0.4) in newborns with moderate and severe CHD, and there was no significant difference between the groups regarding peripheral perfusion index level.

Conclusion:

Peripheral perfusion index remains unchanged in newborns with CHD without the clinical signs of hypoperfusion or heart failure. Larger studies with repeated peripheral perfusion index measurements can determine how valuable this method will be in the follow-up of newborns with CHD.
EXACT SOLUTIONS OF HYPERBOLIC REACTION-DIFFUSION EQUATIONS IN TWO DIMENSIONS
Authors: BROADBRIDGE P. , GOARD J.
Published: July 2023

Exact solutions are constructed for a class of nonlinear hyperbolic reaction-diffusion equations in two-space dimensions. Reduction of variables and subsequent solutions follow from a special nonclassical symmetry that uncovers a conditionally integrable system, equivalent to the linear Helmholtz equation. The hyperbolicity is commonly associated with a speed limit due to a delay,
$\tau $
, between gradients and fluxes. With lethal boundary conditions on a circular domain wherein a species population exhibits logistic growth of Fisher–KPP type with equal time lag, the critical domain size for avoidance of extinction does not depend on
$\tau $
. A diminishing exact solution within a circular domain is also constructed, when the reaction represents a weak Allee effect of Huxley type. For a combustion reaction of Arrhenius type, the only known exact solution that is finite but unbounded is extended to allow for a positive
$\tau $
.
CB1R blockade unmasks TRPV1-mediated contextual fear generalization in female, but not male rats
Authors: Huckleberry Kylie A. , Calitri Roberto , Li Anna J. , Mejdell Mackenna , Singh Ashna , Bhutani Vasvi , Laine Mikaela A. , Nastase Andrei S. , Morena Maria , Hill Matthew N. , Shansky Rebecca M.
Published: July 2023

Increasing evidence suggests that the neurobiological processes that govern learning and memory can be different in males and females, but many of the specific mechanisms underlying these sex differences have not been fully defined. Here we investigated potential sex differences in endocannabinoid (eCB) modulation of Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction, examining multiple defensive behaviors, including shock responsivity, conditioned freezing, and conditioned darting. We found that while systemic administration of drugs acting on eCB receptors did not influence the occurrence of darting, females that were classified as Darters responded differently to the drug administration than those classified as Non-darters. Most notably, CB1R antagonist AM251 produced an increase in cue-elicited freezing and context generalization selectively in female Non-darters that persisted across extinction and extinction retrieval tests but was prevented by co-administration of TRPV1R antagonist Capsazepine. To identify a potential synaptic mechanism for these sex differences, we next employed biochemical and neuroanatomical tracing techniques to quantify anandamide (AEA), TRPV1R, and perisomatic CB1R expression, focusing on the ventral hippocampus (vHip) given its known role in mediating contextual fear generalization. These assays identified sex-specific effects of both fear conditioning-elicited AEA release and vHip-BLA circuit structure. Together, our data support a model in which sexual dimorphism in vHip-BLA circuitry promotes a female-specific dependence on CB1Rs for context processing that is sensitive to TRPV1-mediated disruption when CB1Rs are blocked.
Estimation of the effect of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab on pulmonary arterial hypertension using computed tomography in HCC patients
Authors: Kondo Takayuki , Fujiwara Kisako , Nakagawa Miyuki , Fujimoto Kentaro , Yumita Sae , Ishino Takamasa , Ogawa Keita , Iwanaga Terunao , Koroki Keisuke , Kanzaki Hiroaki , Inoue Masanori , Kobayashi Kazufumi , Kiyono Soichiro , Nakamura Masato , Kanogawa Naoya , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Nakamoto Shingo , Chiba Tetsuhiro , Kato Jun , Kato Naoya
Published: July 2023

The effect of the combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is unknown. Estimation of PAH by using computed tomography (CT) has recently been proposed. Thus, we aimed to estimate the effect of Atez/Bev on PAH using CT. Altogether, 113 patients who received Atez/Bev for HCC were enrolled. Probable PAH was defined as the diameter of the main pulmonary artery (mPA-D) ≥ 33 mm, whereas suspicious PAH was defined as mPA-D ≥ 29 mm or mPA-D/the diameter of the ascending aorta (aAo-D) ≥ 1.0. Before treatment, probable/suspicious PAH were diagnosed in 7 (6.7%)/22 (21.0%) patients, respectively. mPA-D and mPA-D/aAo-D significantly increased after induction of Atez/Bev. The increment of mPA-D was correlated with the occurrence of post-treatment respiratory/heart failure. In analysis of 55 patients who underwent CT at 3 months after the last dose of Atez/Bev, mPA-D and mPA-D/aAo-D significantly decreased. However, in the group with continuous treatment of other molecular-targeted drugs after Atez/Bev, mPA-D and mPA-D/aAo-D showed no significant change. In conclusion, PAH may not be a rare complication in patients with HCC and should be managed carefully because of the possible negative effect of Atez/Bev on PAH.
A Modified Enhanced Method of Audio – Video Steganography for High Security Data Transmission
Authors: PL Natchiamai , V Rajalakshmi , A Indumathy , K Sudarsanan
Published: July 2023

Steganography is an art of convert communication, which offers secrete and secure way of communication. It has many application areas such as audio-video synchronization,in defense forces etc… The audio data is converted into binary format and encrypted using a XOR encryption algorithm. Then the encrypted audio data converted into XL data form. The video frames are divided into non-overlapping blocks, and the difference between the adjacent pixels in each block is computed to obtain a reference matrix. Each block is then iterated through, if the difference between adjacent pixels is greater than or equal to the average difference in the reference matrix, the MPVD (Modified Pixel Value Differencing) based LSB of the pixel value is modified to embed the encrypted audio data bit. The embedded bit is then XORed with the corresponding LSB of adjacent pixel in the same block. The modified video frames can be sent over an unsecured channel without revealing the embedded encrypted audio data. To extract the encrypted audio message from the stego video, the embedded bits are XORed with the corresponding LSB of the adjacent pixel in the same block, and the modified LSBs are extracted and decrypted using the same encryption algorithm and key.
Performance Enhancement Counter with Minimal Clock Period
Authors: S Anto Mamman Shane , J Muralidharan
Published: July 2023

A synchronous binary counter is a fundamental component in VLSI design which are used commonly. synchronous binary counter is fast and are used in many applications as it supports wide bit-width. Due to large fan-outs and long carry chains many previous counters have low counting rate when the size of the counters is large. A new fast structure has been suggested for synchronous binary counter with a very low delay for counter with size ranging from 8 to 128 bits. To reduce the complexity of hardware a 1-bit Johnson counter has been used and then duplicate it to minimise propagation delay induced by large fan-outs. The suggested design is realised with a small number of flip-flops, using a back carry propagation counter and a counter based on state look ahead logic, which reduces power and delay.
Distributed Generation Placement Using Voltage Stability Index and Optimal Sizing Using Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Srilatha N.
Published: July 2023

Distribution systems are the major interface between the electricity consumer and the electrical transmission system. Requisite amount of planning is necessary for these systems to be in order as they are vast and complex. An important concern on the operation of distribution systems is its voltage stability. Placing of Distributed Generation (DGs) in the distribution system can address these concerns in a better way. The location and rating of these DGs is going to have a deep impact on the voltage profile of the system. Owing to the complexity of distribution networks, planning of these networks and placing DGs is furthermore complex. Hence, the traditional methods of distribution system operation will not be sufficient in composing DGs. Therefore, proposed method utilizes Voltage Stability Index (VSI) to find best location to place a DG and Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) to find the appropriate capacity of DGs optimally that minimize the active power loss of the distribution network. IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus radial distribution systems are considered to test the proposed method of DG placement. The voltage magnitudes and the power loss incurred in the system are portrayed to analyze the attainments of the newly proposed method.
State of Charge based Charging Controller with Temperature monitoring system for Lithium ion Battery in Electric Vehicle
Authors: A. Guna , S Sharmila Kumari , G Sivapriya
Published: July 2023

The battery management system plays a vital role in electric vehicles. Improper charging and discharging of the battery alters the chemical properties of the battery and thereby reduces its lifetime. Battery State of charge (SOC) is an essential parameter to be measured for designing a battery management system. Operating the electric vehicle battery above its nominal temperature leads to a blast of the battery, which may cause human loss. Hence the temperature of the battery has to be monitored properly. In order to reduce the depth of discharge of the battery, an SOC-based charging controller is designed with the help of Arduino and the developed control algorithm. This developed algorithm stops the operation of the electric vehicle when SOC of the battery goes below the threshold value and alerts the user when the temperature of the battery goes beyond the nominal range. This ensures the safe and proper handling of lithium-ion or lithium polymer batteries in Electric Vehicle.
Evaluation study of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete using waste foundry sand and vermiculite
Authors: S Gunasekar , S V Arun
Published: July 2023

In this work, leftover foundry sand and vermiculite were used as partial replacements for fine and coarse aggregates in hybrid fibre reinforced concrete (HFRC). The study also concentrated on HFRC mix percentage optimization to achieve desired attributes. By creating multiple HFRC mixtures with varied ratios of used foundry sand and vermiculite. The mechanical characteristics of the HFRC were assessed. Tests on the HFRC’s permeability, water absorption, and chloride ion penetration were used to evaluate its durability. In comparison to ordinary concrete, the study shows that adding foundry sand and vermiculite to HFRC increased its mechanical and durability attributes. It was discovered that HFRC has stronger compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths than regular concrete. In comparison to conventional concrete, HFRC also showed less water absorption, permeability, and chloride ion penetration. The research also determined the HFRC mix ratio that produced the maximum flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and compressive strength. Vermiculite made up 10% of the mix’s coarse aggregate replacement, while discarded foundry sand made up 20% of the mix’s fine aggregate replacement. Sustainable development now requires that waste materials be used in building. This study uses waste foundry sand (WFS) and vermiculite to assess the mechanical properties.
Behaviour Of Concrete by Substituting Recycled Plastic Granules for Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Ramesh S , Lakshan S
Published: July 2023

Using plastic granules as replacement for concrete is an active topic of study due to the possible benefits in terms of sustainability and waste reduction. The consequences of substituting part of the coarse aggregate in concrete with recycled plastic granules are investigated in this research. In the research, recycled plastic granules are utilised in concrete mixes at varying percentages. Mechanical characteristics such as compressive strength and other properties were evaluated. The outcomes of this study indicates that when proportion of recycled plastic granules in the mixture increased, the characteristics experienced tremendous changes. As the recycled plastic granules in the concrete mix increased, the various strengths of the mixture decreased. The loss in strength was not significant for mixes with up to 20% replacement, suggesting that recycled plastic granules might be utilised. Other parameters like as workability, density, and water absorption were evaluated in addition to mechanical qualities. According to the results, as the number of recycled plastic granules grew, workability decreased, while density and other tendencies were also analysed. The findings revealed that increasing the quantity of recycled plastic granules lowered the workability while increasing the density.
Behaviour of Consistency Limit on Stabilized Soil in Effect to Temperature Changes
Authors: Abinaya Ishwarya G.K , R Jino.
Published: July 2023

Soil engineering properties are usually determined in a laboratory setting at room temperature of 270C. Seasonal changes, which is mainly the alteration in thermal condition in surrounding soil, causes reasonable concern about the nature and magnitude of temperature changes which influences soil engineering properties. The particle size distribution, consistency limit, strength, mineralogy, and permeability of the soil are all accompanied by rise in temperature. In clayey soils, as the temperature rises, the average particle size increases as a result of agglomeration and cementation of the clay particles. In this paper, an attempt is made to study the change in temperature which directly influences the consistency limit of clayey soil stabilized with Lime and Rice husk ash at different proportions.
Study on The Application of Processed Municipal Solid Waste Ash for Sustainable Construction Materials
Authors: S Durgalakshmi , T Ilango , R N. Pugazhenthi , Singh Ajay Partap , Baskar S. , Padmanabhan S. , Vijayan V. , Baskar S.
Published: July 2023

The total amount of solid trash produced in India is 160038.9 TPD, according to the Annual Report on Solid Waste Management (2020–21), CPCB, Delhi. Out of which, Tamil Nadu created 13422 TPD of solid waste, of which 9430.35 TPD was processed, and 2301.04 TPD was landfilled. The researchers have been forced to look at alternative processes and materials for the manufacturing of construction materials utilizing processed municipal solid waste ash (PMSWA) due to the increased demand for environmentally friendly and sustainable products. This research work focused on the replacement of fine aggregate by (0%, 10%, 30% and 50%) Processed Municipal Solid Waste Ash (PMSWA) in the Solid Blocks. This research enhances the sustainable material development in the construction industry. SEM study showed that specimens with CTR do not have any cracking on their fracture surfaces, unlike samples without CTR. This study examines the material’s physical characteristics, including its mechanical attributes like compressive strength and flexural strength as well as its chemical composition using XRF. It demonstrates that the substitution or addition of PMSWA to construction materials is appropriate, cost-effective, and safe.
Analysis of the Impacts of Quality Assurance and Quality Control on Construction Projects using RII method
Authors: Marafa Ribah Muhammad , Singh Harkamal
Published: July 2023

Quality control and quality assurance are important parts of a quality management system, therefore quality planning, quality assurance, and quality control are all part of a quality management system in the construction sector. There are numerous approaches to put into effect for a quality management system in the construction business, which can be done at the company or project level. The motive of this work is to analyze the influence of quality control and quality assurance on building projects by using the RII method of analyses so as to know the relative importance of different factors critical to quality in construction. At the initial stage of this research a questionnaire was developed with thirty seven factors grouped into five groups 153 questionnaires were distributed to professionals and skilled workers in various construction sites belonging to different construction companies within the study area while 136 were returned, data obtained from respondents was analyzed by the use of the statistical package for social science (SPSS) after which the RII method was used to identify the relative importance of the various factors. The impact of various factors were discussed and recommendations were made. The case study area is construction sites in Kebbi state Nigeria. Therefore data obtained was statistically measured and analyzed accordingly.
Video Transcript Summarizer
Authors: P Ilampiray , D Naveen Raju , A Thilagavathy , M Mohamed Tharik , S Madhan Kishore , A.S Nithin , I Infant Raj
Published: July 2023

In today’s world, a large number of videos are uploaded in everyday, which contains information about something. The major challenge is to find the right video and understand the correct content, because there are lot of videos available some videos will contain useless content and even though the perfect content available that content should be required to us. If we not found right one it wastes your full effort and full time to extract the correct usefull information. We propose an innovation idea which uses NLP processing for text extraction and BERT Summarization for Text Summarization. This provides a video main content in text description and abstractive summary, enabling users to discriminate between relevant and irrelevant information according to their needs. Furthermore, our experiments show that the joint model can attain good results with informative, concise, and readable multi-line video description and summary in a human evaluation.
Quantum Computing: Algorithms,Architectures, and Applications
Authors: Alghamdi Wajdi , Salama Reda , S Hemalatha , Alzubaidi Laith H. , Akrom Uzakov , Senthilkumar R
Published: July 2023

Cryptography, optimization, simulation, and machine learning are just a few of the industries that might be completely transformed by quantum computing. This abstract gives a thorough introduction to quantum computing with an emphasis on its algorithms, architectures, and applications. In conclusion, this abstract offers an in-depth analysis of quantum computing, including its algorithms, structures, and applications. It highlights the revolutionary potential of quantum computing in tackling difficult issues that are beyond the scope of conventional computers, laying the groundwork for further research and understanding of this quickly developing topic.
Investigate the emission characteristic of biodiesel from waste cooking oil
Authors: Rathinam V. , Srinivasan K. , Prabhakaran M. , Munusamy P. , Krishnan B. Radha
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to investigate the emission characteristics of biodiesel prepared from the waste cooking oil. The characterization of the performance of the blended fuel in diesel engines results in an improvement and a reduction in hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. Various amounts of fuel were mixed with leftover cooking oil to create the final product. In order to explore the performance function, combustion range, and emission properties of diesel engines, the setup described here was developed. The combustion properties, including exhaust gas emissions of NOx, CO, CO2, HC, smoke, and O2, have been examined under various load scenarios.