bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovación tecnológica en un caso de agricultura protegida en México
Authors: Vargas Canales Juan Manuel , Palacios Rangel María Isabel , Aguilar Ávila Jorge , Ocampo Ledesma Jorge Gustavo , Kreimer Pablo , Ortiz Martínez Germán
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el cambio tecnológico e innovación, la forma de cómo se transmite la tecnología y las redes vinculadas a la agricultura protegida desde un enfoque territorial en el estado de Hidalgo, México. Para su análisis se utilizó la trayectoria tecnológica, el método genealógico y las redes sociotécnicas. Los resultados indican que la trayectoria se dio mediante la acumulación de cambios tecnológicos, impulsados por las políticas de fomento. Las genealogías muestran que la tecnología se introduce, adapta y reproduce por agentes innovadores que mantienen relación con universidades e instituciones públicas. Las redes sociotécnicas se caracterizan por su amplitud, heterogeneidad y clara articulación entre actores; destacan los extensionistas que se encargan de la mediación y armonización de procesos y de la creación de vínculos y relaciones entre los actores. La especialización regional fue la clave para el desarrollo de la agricultura protegida, sin embargo, es necesario diversificar productos, explorar nuevos mercados y gestionar la organización. Finalmente, el enfoque analítico utilizado permite comprender el cambio tecnológico e innovación en los sistemas de producción agrícola, cambio tecnológico, método genealógico, redes sociotécnicas y trayectoria tecnológica.
Preferencias del consumidor de carne de cerdo en la región centro de México
Authors: Cortéz Reyes Carlos Martín , Arana Coronado Oscar Antonio , Mora Flores José Saturnino , Rodríguez Yam Gabriel Arcángel , Sagarnaga Villegas Leticia Myriam
Published: April 2021

La carne de cerdo es una de las tres principales carnes rojas consumidas en la dieta de los mexicanos, provee proteínas, minerales (hierro y zinc) y vitaminas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer los hábitos y tendencias del consumo de esta carne, en los estados de Tlaxcala, Morelos, Hidalgo, Guerrero, Puebla y México, al ser la principal región de comercialización y consumo en el país, de acuerdo con el nivel de ingresos y los servicios integrados a esta carne. La información se obtuvo al aplicar una encuesta semiestructurada a 702 personas en expendios de alimentos, mediante el uso de tablas de contingencia que permiten segmentar las variables cuantitativas y categóricas de carácter económico-social, posteriormente, se probó la hipótesis nula de independencia al correlacionar parejas de estas variables, mediante pruebas ji-cuadrada. Los resultados muestran que, al correlacionar consumo e ingreso con el tipo de corte y lugar de compra, las personas de menor ingreso prefieren la carne pre-cortada, sin empacar y la compran en carnicerías y mercados por no estar congelada ni refrigerada. Se encontró que los consumidores de esta región destinan hasta 1,500 pesos para la compra de esta carne y la consumen hasta 10 veces mensualmente.
Seguridad, diversidad y alimentos culturalmente preferidos por familias rurales de municipios marginados de Chiapas, México
Authors: Cruz Morales Juana , Pérez Gómez Jenzi Gabriela
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la seguridad y diversidad alimentarias de las familias rurales en Tumbalá y Sabanilla (municipios con alta marginación), así como Villaflores (municipio no marginado), Chiapas. La metodología fue cualitativa y cuantitativa a través de entrevistas y encuestas a familias rurales con Proyecto Estratégico de Seguridad Alimentaria (PESA) y sin PESA. Se obtuvieron diferencias en cuanto a la disposición y diversidad de alimentos. Las familias que tienen PESA presentan mejores condiciones de seguridad alimentaria; las que no, expresan más problemas de abasto de alimentos. Las familias producen y adquieren una diversidad de alimentos y ésta es más amplia en los municipios marginados e indígenas. La limitación es que el PESA no considera a los alimentos culturalmente preferidos, sin embargo, las familias los producen. En Villaflores, las condiciones climáticas no permiten la producción de ciertos alimentos durante el transcurso delaño, por lo que son más dependientes de los industrializados, no obstante, las familias producen alimentos derivados de la leche.
Las políticas públicas para el cultivo de palma de aceite. El caso de la región Soconusco, Chiapas, México
Authors: Santacruz de León Eugenio Eliseo , Palacio Muñoz Víctor Herminio
Published: April 2021

Las políticas gubernamentales orientadas al fomento de la siembra de palma de aceite y la reconversión de superficies ocupadas por otros cultivos, son analizadas en el presente texto. Chiapas es la principal entidad por superficie plantada y valor de la producción generada por la oleaginosa; el mayor porcentaje de municipios y unidades de producción se ubican en la región del Soconusco. Se plantea que el diseño de las políticas públicas obedece más a las necesidades de las empresas que usan la materia prima que, a los beneficios sociales y económicos de los productores, sin tomar en cuenta los probables efectos ambientales de la expansión de la palma. Se concluye que las políticas gubernamentales adolecen de continuidad, son improvisadas y responden a objetivos coyunturales y no de largo plazo
Influence of pregnancy on iron and copper exchange rates in women with normal body weight and women with obesity
Authors: Makarova E. L. , Terekhina N. A.
Published: April 2021

The number of obese pregnant women increases annually and reaches 20-30%. The metabolism of hormones and minerals changes in the presence of a large amount of adipose tissue in the body of a pregnant woman, which leads to a number of obstetric and perinatal problems. The aim of the work is to study and compare the influence of the gestational process on the indicators of iron and copper metabolism in the blood serum of women with normal body weight and women with obesity. In the blood serum of 125 women of reproductive age, the content of hemoglobin, iron, transferrin, ferritin, copper and ceruloplasmin was determined. The influence of pregnancy on the indicators of iron and copper metabolism in the blood serum of women was revealed. Pregnancy in women with normal body weight increases the content of transferrin and ceruloplasmin. Correlation of ceruloplasmin and ferritin content with body mass index of obese pregnant women was revealed. In pregnancy with concomitant obesity, hyperferritinemia is formed with a reduced content of hemoglobin and serum iron. Knowledge of the indicators of iron and copper metabolism is necessary to optimize the observation of pregnant women, effective prevention and prediction of obstetric and perinatal complications.
General characteristics, features of cultivation
and antibiotic resistance representatives of mycobacterium fortuitum group representatives (review of literature)
Authors: Gerasimova E. N. , Ismatullin Danir Damirovich , Lyamin A. V. , Zhestkov A. V.
Published: April 2021

Recently, more and more scientific works have been devoted to non-tuberculous mycobacteria, both by domestic and foreign researchers. One of the main reasons for this is the increase in patients with immunosuppression of various origins, improvement of the quality of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of mycobacteriosis. This article focuses on the representatives of the M. fortuitum group, as the main pathogens among the group of fast-growing mycobacteria. The data on the modern classification based on the use of molecular genetic studies are indicated. The M. fortuitum group includes: Mycobacterium fortuitum, M. peregrinum, M. senegalense, M. porcinum, M. houstonense, M. neworleansense, M. boenickei, M. conceptionense, M. septicum, M. alvei. According to the new data, mycobacteria were divided into 5 clades (Abscessus-Chelonae, Fortuitum-Vaccae, Terrae, Triviale, Tuberculosis-Simiae), and based on molecular genetic studies, new genera in the Mycobacteriaceae family were isolated: Mycolicibacter spp., Mycolicibacillus spp., Mycolicibacillus spp., Mycobacteroides spp., Mycolicibacterium spp. In accordance with the new classification, representatives of the Mycobacterium fortuitum group belong to the genus Mycolicibacterium. The main epidemiological features of the main sources of the spread of mycobacteria, factors and ways of their transmission are indicated. Due to their wide distribution in the environment, representatives of the M. fortuitum group are capable of causing diseases of the pulmonary and extrapulmonary localization. The distinctive features of pathogenicity factors, due to which the course of the disease is determined, are noted. The article also indicates the main difficulties and features of determining the sensitivity to antimicrobial chemotherapy drugs, provides data on the main features of antibiotic resistance of M.fortuitum group. In preparing the review, literature sources obtained from international and domestic databases were used: Scopus, Web of Science, Springer, RSCI.
Analysis of effectivity of the tickborne encephalitis virus detection methods in ixodid ticks
Authors: Mel’nikova O. V. , Trushina Yu. N. , Adel’shin R. V. , Andaev E. I. , Leonova G. N.
Published: April 2021

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is transmissible viral disease widely common in temperate zone of Eurasia. ELISA and PCR are used for express identification of the vector’s infection, but the results of the two methods often do not agree. Aim of the work is comparative analysis for TBE virus of Ixodid ticks from nature using complex of methods, including ELISA, PCR, and isolation of the virus in laboratory mice. 18608 Ixodid ticks were collected during 2013-2019 in TBE natural foci of the Baikal Region. The ticks suspensions were examined individually, using ELISA (n=17610) and PCR (n=2999). Suckling mice were inoculated with the suspensions positive in the both tests. The TBEV antigen was found in 1.2 % of ticks in average. All ticks positive in ELISA were examined in PCR (Group 1). Randomly selected part of negative-ELISA samples were examined in PCR too (Group 2). The PCR results were positive in 68.9±3.13 % of the Group 1, with average Ct index 24.6±0.38. Positive results of PCR in Group 2 accounted for just 2.7±0.31 % with average Ct index 31.0±0.70. The average Ct margin of the Groups 1 and 2 is statistically significant (p < 0.001; df = 118). Isolation of strains was significantly more successful in Group 1 (21.7±2.77 %), than in Group 2 (8.2±5.26 %; p < 0.05; df = 50). ELISA is more useful for examining large amounts of ticks. To get a more complex picture about epidemically dangerous part of the vectors in TBE natural foci, the results of the two express-methods is better to sum. The isolation of the virus is useful to carry out of the samples positive in ELISA and PCR concurrently.
A study of antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica
Authors: Kanashenko M. E. , Mitzevich I. P. , Kartsev N. N. , Astashkin E. I. , Detusheva E. V. , Khramov M. V. , Svetoch E. A. , Fursova N. K.
Published: April 2021

For the local health service, Elizabethkingia meningoseptica remains a relatively new and little-known pathogen, whereas in many countries of Europe, Asia and other continents it is considered as a potential causative agent of nosocomial infections, especially in premature infants and immunocompromised patients. An analysis of the literature data, as well as our results indicate that E. meningoseptica should be considered as a potential pathogen, which is characterized by a unique profile of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents (AMP) and disinfectants. This article presents the results of a study of susceptibility to AMP and disinfectants of three isolates of E. meningoseptica, isolated during an investigation of an outbreak in one of the perinatal centers of the Russian Federation, where three cases of sepsis with a fatal outcome in premature infants caused by co-infection with Acinetobacter baumannii and E. meningoseptica were recorded between January and February 2016.
ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE AND EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN NIGERIAN DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS
Authors: AHMED Mariam Ahuoiza
Published: April 2021

The study was motivated by the problem of high employee turnover rate in the Nigerian banking industry. The study sought therefore, to assess the effect of organizational climate on employee commitment in the Nigerian Banking sector. The study was restricted to employees of Nigerian Banks in the Abuja regional offices. The study adopted the survey research design, primary data was used for the study and collected electronically through a structured questionnaire coded into Google forms. Regression technique was used to analyze the data collected. From a purposively selected sample of 384 respondents. The study found that organisational commitment has a positive and significant effect on employee commitment in the Nigerian banking sector and recommends that collaborative work climate, open communication channels across the firm, and employee engagement in decision making in order to boost commitment of the employees in the organization.
Batı Sahra Sorunu
Authors: KEMİKSİZ N.neşe
Published: April 2021

Batı Sahra Sorunu; sömürgecilik mirasının, Soğuk Savaş dinamiklerinin, jeopolitik çıkarların ve Fas ile Cezayir arasındaki bölgesel nüfuz mücadelesinin iç içe geçtiği bir sorun niteliğindedir. İspanya sömürge yönetiminin ardından Fas ve -kısa süreli olarak- Moritanya tarafından işgal edilen bölge, Sahra halkının önce sömürgeci, sonra işgalci güçlere karşı bağımsızlık mücadelesine sahne olmuştur. Birleşmiş Milletler’in sorunu çözme çabaları, Fas’ın egemenlik iddialarına örtülü olarak destek veren ABD ve Fransa gibi ülkelerin tutumu nedeniyle sonuca ulaşamamış ve tıkanma noktasına gelmiştir. Batı Sahra halkının kendi kaderini tayin hakkı uluslararası toplum tarafından kabul edilmekte, ancak Fas’ın egemenliği altında bir özerklikten fazlasına izin vermeme yönündeki tutumu, bağımsızlık talep eden Sahralı milliyetçiler tarafından reddedilmektedir. Tarafların tutumlarındaki farklılık, Birleşmiş Milletler’in karşılıklı olarak kabul edilebilir bir siyasi çözüme ulaşılması beklentisinin gerçekçiliğinin sorgulanmasına neden olmaktadır. Makalede Batı Sahra Sorunu’nun ortaya çıkış nedenleri ile gelişimi ele alınmakta ve sorunun müzakereler yoluyla çözülmesinin mümkün olup olmadığı sorusunun cevaplanması amaçlanmaktadır.
Cloud droplet activation in a continental Central European urban environment
Authors: Salma Imre , Thén Wanda , Vörösmarty Máté , Gyöngyösi András Zénó
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Collocated measurements by condensation particle counter, differential mobility particle sizer and cloud condensational nuclei counter instruments were realised in parallel in central Budapest from 15 April 2019 to 14 April 2020 to gain insight into the droplet activation behaviour of urban aerosol particles. The median total particle number concentration was 10.1 × 103 cm−3. The median concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) at water vapour supersaturations (Ss) of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 % were 0.59, 1.09, 1.39, 1.80 and 2.5 × 103 cm−3, respectively. They represented from 7 to 27 % of the total particles. The effective critical dry particle diameters (dc,eff) were derived utilising the CCN concentrations and particle number size distributions. Their medians were 207, 149, 126, 105 and 80 nm, respectively. They were all positioned within the accumulation mode of the typical particle number size distribution. Their frequency distributions revealed a single peak, which geometric standard deviation increased monotonically with S. The broadening indicated larger time variability in the activation properties of smaller particles. The frequency distributions also showed a fine structure. Its several compositional elements seemed to change in a tendentious manner with S. They were related to the size-dependent chemical composition and external mixtures of particles. The relationships between the critical S and dc,eff suggested that the urban aerosol particles in Budapest with a diameter larger than approximately 130 nm showed similar hygroscopicity than the continental aerosol in general, while the smaller particles appeared to be less hygroscopic than that. Seasonal cycling of the CCN concentrations and activation fractions implied modest alterations and for the larger Ss only. They likely reflected the changes in particle number concentrations, chemical composition and mixing state of particles. The seasonal dependencies for dc,eff were featureless, which indicated that the urban particles exhibited more or less similar droplet activation properties over the measurement year. This is different from non-urban locations. The hygroscopicity parameters (κ values) were computed without determining time-dependent chemical composition of particles. Their medians were 0.16, 0.10, 0.07, 0.04 and 0.02, respectively. The averages suggested that the larger particles exhibited considerably higher hygroscopicity than the smaller particles. The urban aerosol was characterised by substantially smaller kappa values than for regional or remote locations. All these could be virtually linked to specific source composition in cities. The relatively large variability in the hygroscopicity parameter sets for a given S emphasized that their individual values represented the CCN population in the ambient air, while the averages stood mainly for the particles with a size close to the effective critical dry particle diameters.
A weather regime characterisation of winter biomass aerosol transport from southern Africa
Authors: Gaetani Marco , Pohl Benjamin , Alvarez Castro Maria del Carmen , Flamant Cyrille , Formenti Paola
Published: April 2021

Abstract. During austral winter, a compact low cloud deck over South Atlantic contrasts with clear sky over southern Africa, where forest fires triggered by dry conditions emit large amount of biomass burning aerosols (BBA) in the free troposphere. Most of the BBA burden crosses South Atlantic embedded in the tropical easterly flow. However, midlatitude synoptic disturbances can deflect part of the aerosol from the main transport path towards southern extratropics. In this study, a characterisation of the synoptic variability controlling the spatial distribution of BBA in southern Africa and South Atlantic during austral winter (August to October) is presented. By analysing atmospheric circulation data from reanalysis products, a 6-class weather regime (WR) classification of the region is constructed. The classification reveals that the synoptic variability is composed by four WRs representing disturbances travelling at midlatitudes, and two WRs accounting for pressure anomalies in the South Atlantic. The WR classification is then successfully used to characterise the aerosol spatial distribution in the region in the period 2003–2017, in both reanalysis products and station data. Results show that the BBA transport towards southern extratropics is controlled by weather regimes associated with midlatitude synoptic disturbances. In particular, depending on the relative position of the pressure anomalies along the midlatitude westerly flow, the BBA transport is deflected from the main tropical route towards southern Africa or the South Atlantic. This paper presents the first objective classification of the winter synoptic circulation over South Atlantic and southern Africa. The classification shows skills in characterising the BBA transport, indicating the potential for using it as a diagnostic/predictive tool for aerosol dynamics, which is a key component for the full understanding and modelling of the complex radiation-aerosol-cloud interactions controlling the atmospheric radiative budget in the region.
Isoprene and monoterpene emissions from alder, aspen and spruce short-rotation forest plantations in the United Kingdom
Authors: Purser Gemma , Drewer Julia , Heal Mathew R. , Sircus Robert A. S. , Dunn Lara K. , Morison James I. L.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. An expansion of bioenergy has been proposed to help reduce fossil-fuel greenhouse gas emissions, and short-rotation forestry (SRF) can contribute to this expansion. However, SRF plantations could also be sources of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions, which can impact atmospheric air quality. In this study, emissions of isoprene and 11 monoterpenes from the branches and forest floor of hybrid aspen, Italian alder and Sitka spruce stands in an SRF field trial in central Scotland were measured during two years (2018–2019) and used to derive emission potentials for different seasons. Sitka spruce was included as a comparison as it is the most extensive plantation species in the UK. Winter and spring emissions of isoprene and monoterpenes were small compared to those in summer. Sitka spruce had a standardised mean emission rate of 15 µgCg-1h-1 for isoprene in the dry and warm summer of 2018 – more than double the emissions in 2019. However, standardised mean isoprene emissions from hybrid aspen were similar across both years, approximately 23 µgCg-1h-1, and standardised mean isoprene emissions from Italian alder were very low. Mean standardised total monoterpene emissions for these species followed a similar pattern of higher standardised emissions in the warmer year: Sitka spruce emitting 4.5 and 2.3 µgCg-1h-1 for 2018 and 2019, aspen emitting 0.3 and 0.09 µgCg-1h-1, and Italian alder emitting 1.5 and 0.2 µgCg-1h-1, respectively. In contrast to these foliage emissions, the forest floor was only a small source of monoterpenes, typically 1 or 2 orders of magnitude lower than foliage emissions on a unit of ground area basis. Estimates of total annual emissions from each plantation type per hectare were derived using the MEGAN 2.1 model. The modelled total BVOC (isoprene and monoterpenes) emissions of SRF hybrid aspen plantations were approximately half those of Sitka spruce for plantations of the same age. Italian alder SRF emissions were 20 times smaller than from Sitka spruce. The expansion of bioenergy plantations to 0.7 Mha has been suggested for the UK to help achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The model estimates show that, with such an expansion, total UK BVOC emissions would increase between <1 % and 35 %, depending on the tree species planted. Whereas increases might be small on a national scale, regional increases might have a larger impact on local air quality.
How catchment characteristics influence hydrological pathways and travel times in a boreal landscape
Authors: Jutebring Sterte Elin , Lidman Fredrik , Lindborg Emma , Sjöberg Ylva , Laudon Hjalmar
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Understanding travel times and hydrological pathways of rain and snowmelt
water transported through the landscape to recipient surface waters is
critical in many hydrological and biogeochemical investigations. In this
study, a particle-tracking model approach in Mike SHE was used to investigate the pathway and its associated travel time of water in 14 partly
nested, long-term monitored boreal sub-catchments of the Krycklan catchment
(0.12–68 km2). This region is characterized by long and snow-rich winters with little groundwater recharge and highly dynamic runoff during spring snowmelt. The geometric mean of the annual travel time distribution
(MTTgeo) for the studied sub-catchments varied from 0.8 to 2.7 years. The variations were related to the different landscape types and their varying
hydrological responses during different seasons. Winter MTTgeo ranged from 1.2 to 7.7 years, while spring MTTgeo varied from 0.5 to 1.9 years. The modelled variation in annual and seasonal MTTgeo and the fraction of
young water (<3 months) was supported by extensive observations of
both δ18O and base cation concentrations in the different
streams. The travel time of water to streams was positively correlated with the area coverage of low-conductive silty sediments (r=0.90, P<0.0001). Catchments with mixed soil–landscape settings typically displayed larger variability in seasonal MTTgeo, as contrasting hydrological
responses between different soil types (e.g. peat in mires, till and silty
sediments) are integrated. The areal coverage of mires was especially
important for the young water contribution in spring (r=0.96, P<0.0001). The main factor for this was attributed to extensive soil frost in
mires, causing considerable overland flow during the snowmelt period.
However, this lower groundwater recharge during snowmelt caused
mire-dominated catchments to have longer stream runoff MTTgeo than
comparable forest catchments in winter. Boreal landscapes are sensitive to
climate change, and our results suggest that changes in seasonality are
likely to cause contrasting responses in different catchments depending on
the dominating landscape type.
El Instituto Indigenista Interamericano. Continuidades y fracturas de la política indigenista mexicana: la 'modernización' del indígena
Authors: Castillo Ramírez Guillermo
Published: April 2021

En el marco de la política indigenista del gobierno mexicano de Ávila Camacho, este artículo argumenta que el proceso de “modernización”, en tanto cambio cultural de corte exógeno diseñado y llevado a cabo por la antropología indigenista aplicada, fue el eje del programa de trabajo del Instituto Indigenista Interamericano (III) (1942-1948). El objetivo principal de dicho instituto era la “modernización” como vía para mejorar las condiciones de vida de los grupos indígenas e “incorporarlos” a la sociedad nacional. Primero, se aborda el papel del Departamento Autónomo de Asuntos Indígenas (DAAI) y del Congreso Indigenista Interamericano (CII) (1940), como antecedentes de la conformación y programa de trabajo del III. Después se explora el papel del III en relación con el Estado mexicano y sus acciones y programas indigenistas. Finalmente, las contribuciones de este trabajo son dos: el análisis histórico político de ciertos elementos ideológicos y conceptuales centrales del III que provenían del DAAI y del CII; sobre todo y principalmente, hacer visible que uno de los principales ejes del programa del III fue la “modernización”, como estructural cambio de la cultura material y simbólica del modo de vida de los pueblos indígenas.
YOUTH POLICY PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Authors: Jakupova Dinara
Published: April 2021

The article presents a brief overview of management effectiveness assessments by foreign and Russian researchers; the methodology of SIA (Social Impact Assessment) – assessment of social consequences in the implementation of development, methods of evaluating projects and programs (Global Youth Development Index and Global Youth Welfare Index). The experience of Kazakhstan (YDI and YWI indicators) is described; the experience of foreign countries and the EAEU countries is analyzed.
It is proved that the existing problem in the field of public administration of youth policy programs is the lack of certain criteria and performance indicators that are not properly regulated and not fixed at the legislative level in Kazakhstan and other CIS/EAEU countries.
In this regard, it is recommended to identify specific indicators for the effectiveness of the implementation of the state youth policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan; to test them based on the results of the activities of a particular region of the Republic of Kazakhstan to develop recommendations for improving the manageability of youth programs.
Endoscopic Tympanoplasty: Inlay Cartilage Versus Underlay Cartilage Graft
Authors: Doblan Ahmet , Sevil Ergun
Published: April 2021

Aim: Several graft placement methods have been described in tympanoplasty. The aim of this study is to assess the surgical effects of the endoscopic tympanoplasty utilizing inlay cartilage or underlay cartilage graft.
Methods: We reviewed medical records of 123 patients who experienced endoscopic tympanoplasty for chronic otitis media with a minimum twelve-month follow-up period. Perforations were divided into central, posterior, and anterior ones based on the place of the perforation to malleus handle. Graft success rate, air conduction pure tone audiometry (PTA) before surgery and after surgery, hearing gain and air bone gap (ABG) reduction were calculated following surgery.
Results: No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of the distribution of the follow-up period, age, perforation location, and gender (p>0.05). The average air conductions (AC) before surgery and after surgery for the inlay group were 36.3 ± 13.7 dB and 25.4 ± 12.3 dB 6 months after surgery and 22.5 ± 10.5 dB 12 months after surgery. They were 35.6 ± 13.3 dB and 24.8 ± 12.4 dB 6 months after surgery and 22.7 ± 9.7 12 months after surgery for the underlay group. A significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of ABG (P=0.037). There was no significant difference in the mean ABG in each group (small perforation P =0.473, medium perforation P=0.876 and large perforation P=0.341).
Conclusion: The inlay method can be used with high graft success rate, low risk of complications among the appropriate patients, and shorter operation time as a reliable surgical option for treatment.
1.Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde KOAH ve Astım’lı Hastaların İnhalasyon Cihazlarını Kullanma Becerilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Arslan Vedat , Oktay Arslan Burcu , Özdemir Mehmet Esat
Published: April 2021

Amaç: İnhaler cihazların doğru kullanılması kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH) ve astım yönetiminde oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada; birinci basamak sağlık merkezlerine başvuran KOAH ve astım tanılı hastaların inhalasyon cihazı kullanım becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi ve doğru ve yanlış kullanım ile ilgili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Aile sağlığı merkezimize başvuran, KOAH ya da astım tanısı ile inhalasyon cihazı kullanan,18-80 yaş aralığında hastalar çalışmaya dâhil edildiler. Hastaların demografik bilgileri kaydedildi ve inhalasyon cihazlarını kullanmaları istendi. İnhalasyon cihazı kullanma tekniği, inhalasyon cihazı kullanım beceri çizelgesine göre puanlandı ve beceri skoru elde edildi. Beceri skoruna göre kötü, orta ve iyi kullanım düzeyleri belirlendi. İnhalasyon cihazı, beceri skoru ve demografik özellikler arasındaki ilişki değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 120 (62 erkek, 58 kadın) hasta dâhil edildi. Ortalama yaş 59±11,5 idi. Yüzde 51.7 hastanın KOAH, %48,3 hastanın astım tanısı vardı. Hastaların %56,7’si ölçülü doz inhaler (ODI), %20’si turbohaler, %20’si discus, %40,8’i kapsüllü kuru toz inhaler (aerolizer, handihaler, capsair, neohaler) kullanıyordu. İnhalasyon cihazı beceri skoru ODI için 4,4±2,77, turbohaler için 5,6±2,05, discus için 5,9±2,71 ve kapsüllü kuru toz inhalasyon (KKTI) cihazları içn 8±1,64 olarak belirlendi. ODI beceri skoru ile eğitim düzeyi arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki izlendi (r=0,400, p=0,019). KOAH’lı hastalarda KKTI cihaz kulSonuç: En sık kullanılan ancak en düşük kullanım beceri puanı alan cihaz ODI’dir. KKTI cihazları ise doğru teknikle kullanım oranı en yüksek cihazlardır. Birinci basamak sağlık merkezleri KOAH ve astım tedavi yönetiminde inhaler cihazların doğru teknikle kullanılması aşamasında daha etkin rol alabilirler. Birinci basamakta hastaların inhaler cihaz kullanım becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi ve gereğinde yeniden eğitim verilmesi, bu hastalıkların uzun dönem sonuçları üzerinde olumlu etkiler yaratacaktır..
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TEKANAN INTRAUTERIN TERHADAP KEJADIAN KETUBAN PECAH DINI DI RUMAH SAKIT IBU DAN ANAK SRIKANDI IBI JEMBER.
Authors: Prasetya Fika Indah
Published: April 2021

Ketuban pecah dini yang tidak segera diikuti dengan tanda persalinan memberikan peluang besar pada mikroorganisme masuk kedalam  tubuh janin melalui vagina. Para ahli kebidanan menyepakati bahwa KPD lebih dari 18 jam dianggap risiko terjadinya infeksi neonatus.

Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah korelasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan restrospective yaitu dengan menggunakan data pasien yang terdapat dala Rekam Medik di RSIA Srikandi IBI Jember dengan sampel sebanyak 30 responden. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa Hubungan antara Tekanan Intrauterine terhadap kejadian Ketuban Pecah Dini di Rumah sakit Ibu dan Anak Srikandi Jember.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEPATUHAN LANSIA MELAKUKAN KONTROL KESEHATAN DI POSYANDU LANSIA DI DESA AFDELING SUMBERBARU KECAMATAN KALIBARU KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Prasetya Fika Indah
Published: April 2021

Dukungan keluarga adalah informasi verbal, sasaran, bantuan yang nyata atau tingkah laku yang di berikan oleh orang orang yang akrab dengan subjek di dalam lingkungan sosialnya atau yang berupa kehadiran dan hal yang dapat memberikan keuntungan emosional atau pengaruh pada tingkah laku penerimanya. Lansia adalah individu yang berada dalam tahapan usia late adlthood atau yang di maksud dengan tahapan usia dewasa akhir.

Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis Hubungan Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Lansia Melakukan Kontrol Kesehatan di Posyandu lansia di Desa Afdeling Sumberbaru Kecamatan Kalibaru Kabupaten Banyuwangi.

Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Total sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 yang memenuhi kriteria, instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan koesioner dan observasi.

Hasil analisa univariat menunjukkan sebagian besar responden memiliki dukungan keluarga baik sebanyak 8 (20.0%) dan responden yang patuh sebanyak 24 (60.0%). Analisa bivariat dengan menggunakan Contingency Coefficient didapatkan hasil (p-value) 0.000. Nilai p-value lebih kecil dari 0.05 (0.000 a < 0.05), yang artinya ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan lansia melakuan kontrol kesehatan di posyandu lansia. Kesimpulan Ada Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Lansia Melakukan Konrol Kesehatan di Posyandu Lansia Di Desa Afdeling Sumberbaru Kecamatan Kalibaru Kabupaten Banyuwangi.

Dukungan keluarga juga merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepatuhan lansia melakukan kontrol kesehatan di posyandu lansia di Desa Afdeling Sumberbaru, hal ini di karenakan keluarga dapat menentukan keyakinan, nilai kesehatan serta menentukan program pengobatan bagi lansia yang sakit.
PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TURKEYS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF PARASITOCENOSIS OF HETERAKIS AND HISTOMONAS
Authors: Zhukov A. I. , Yatusevich A. I. , Saroka A. M. , Zakharchenko I. P.
Published: April 2021

The article presents data on pathomorphological changes of the digestive organs in the associative course of heterakidosis and histomoniasis in turkeys. Changes in the liver were observed in 57.1% of cases: protein and fatty dystrophy, hepatocyte necrosis. The cеcal lesions were observed in 100% of cases, mainly fibrinous inflammation. In other parts of the intestinal tract – acute catarrhal inflammation.
Prevalence of Knee Pain in Football Players of Various Age Group
Authors: Naik Bhakti Mangesh , Akre Manali , Kumar Ajay
Published: April 2021

Background: Football is the most commonly played sport at both elite and grassroots level in many countries. Football is a sport that involves intermittent walking, jogging, running, and sprinting. Football players are at high risk for lower extremity injuries because they turn on an axis of rotation, repeatedly jump and land. One of the most common sites of injury is the knee. To identify instruments like pain, function, and activity level fulfilling these criteria, Knee pain were assessed with published reviews of knee instruments IKDC (International Knee Documentation Committee) and self – reported pain questionnaire. This study contains data only applicable to the knee.
Aim: To find out the prevalence of knee pain in football players of various age group.
Objectives: To find the prevalence of knee pain in football players using self – reported pain questionnaire and IKDC and also to find out influence of gender in football players of various age group.
Materials and methods: 250 football players were selected as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria and consent was taken.
Knee pain was assessed with the self reported pain questionnaire and IKDC Form. The data were obtained and statistically analysed.
Result: The study results show that knee pain is prevalent in football players of various age group.
Conclusion: The above study concludes knee pain is prevalent in football players, it’s more prevalent in male also common in dominant side of knee and age of onset is 10-15 years of age group.

Key words: Knee pain, IKDC, Pain Questionnaire, Football Players.
Study of Kala Sharir with Respect to Medodhara Kala
Authors: Kulkarni Swarup P.
Published: April 2021

According to Ashtang Sangraha Sharirsthan, kleda present between dhatu and aashay gets paak (solid) due to heat and called as kala. There are 7 kala. Kala is innermost limiting lining of Dhatus and Aashayas. Kala is the structure between Dhatu and Aashay or it is the structure inside the dhatu itself. According to Sushrutacharya, kala is that limiting layer of body organs and tissues which keep them in normal position. Here the word is used for organs also. Kala can be correlated with Membrane, Fascia, Covering etc. structures as per Anatomy. The term Kala is used for, Membrane – This may be fibrous, mucous and serous, One of the Sharir Ghatak (Part of the body), Sheath, Septum, Guna (Qualities). Kala is classified under 7 categories as Mansadhara, Raktadhara, Medodhara, Pittadhara, Purishdhara, Shukradhara and Shleshmadhara kala. Medodhara kala can be compared with Omentum and Deep fascia.

Keywords: Kala, Membrane, Medodhara kala, Omentum, Deep fascia.
Camposporium chinense sp. nov. from Jiangxi, China
Authors: Xu Zhao-Huan , Sun Wen-Xiu , Shi Xu-Gen , Zhang Xiu-Guo , Xia Ji-Wen , Castañeda-Ruíz Rafael F. , Ma Jian
Published: April 2021

A new species, Camposporium chinense, is described and illustrated from a specimen collected on dead branches of an unidentified broadleaf tree in Jiangxi, China. The fungus is characterized by its fusiform, 9–12-septate, versicolored conidia with an unbranched, aseptate
apical appendage. A key to Camposporium species is provided.
Narration som paradigme for menneskelig kommunikation. Om offentlig moralsk debat
Authors: Fischer Walter R.
Published: April 2021

Dette essay fremsætter en teori om menneskelig kommunikation baseret på forestillingen om mennesket som homo narrans. Det sammenligner og kontrasterer dette syn med det traditionelle rationelle perspektiv om ­symbolsk interaktion. Brugbarheden af det narrative paradigme og dets medfølgende forståelse af fornuft og rationalitet demonstreres igennem en udvidet analyse af nøgleaspekter af den igangværende debat om atom­krig og via en kort anvendelse på Gilgamesh-eposet. Det narrative paradigme bringer to temaer i den retoriske teori sammen: det argumenterende, overbevisende tema og det litterære, æstetiske tema

Oversat og med introduktion af Mark Herron og Esben Bjerggaard Nielsen
Municipal Solid Waste Management: Circular Economy Evaluation in Turkey
Authors: Gokkurt Baki Oylum , ERGUN Osman Nuri
Published: April 2021

With the increase in environmental negativities according to wastes, priority has been given to sustainable practices and thus the circular economy (CE), that is, the recycling of wastes to the economy, and related zero waste practices have gained priority in Turkey.Turkey produced 32.2 million tonnes of waste overall per year and it means that waste per capita is approximately 1.16 kg per day and also the average recycling rate of all waste in Turkey is 12.3% according to 2018 records of TurkStat. According to these data, 20.24% of the wastes are sent to the municipal garbage disposals, 67.20% is disposed of by the regular storage method and 38% is recycled by composting. Also, according to the 2016 data, wild storage in Turkey continues at 27%.In the present study, the relationships between the yearly population growth, the increase in waste and in disposal facilities, and in the number of waste disposal facilities were examined and some relevant evaluations were made for the coming years. The projections were calculated using the data of Turkey in the coming years, the amount of waste, the amount of recycled waste, and the number of facilities. The recommendations were presented and emphasis was made for the requirements of the application of circular economy in Turkey. As a result, the analysis results obtained showed that the increases in the amount of waste will increase both the amount of waste and the areas where the waste will be disposed of and will create serious problems in the future. A sustainable waste management system and circular economy practices require that recyclable wastes be collected separately at the source, and the recycling process is carried out in a planned structure and if possible, no waste is generated. Collecting wastes separately at the source and public participation and awareness-raising in the zero-waste process is a must for the success of this process.
Teacher Salary Differentials and Student Performance: Are They Connected?
Authors: Yontz Brian D. , Wilson Rachel E.
Published: April 2021

We examine the relationship between district level student achievement and teacher average salary in Ohio from academic year 2013-14 to academic year 2018-19. Utilizing panel data, the following district level characteristics were controlled for: average teacher experience, average teacher degree-level, student socioeconomic status, race, student attendance rate, pupil support expenditure per equivalent pupil and administration expenditure per equivalent pupil. Using a random effects regression our findings suggest that higher pay can impact student growth. When we partition our sample quintiles by poverty level, we find that teacher salary is only significant for the top quintiles. Our results suggest that for some districts (i.e., wealthy districts) teacher salaries’ impact on student performance is something that can be controlled, for other districts (i.e., poorer districts), teacher salary is another variable that shows no relationship to student performance.
Il bambino tutto intero: per un approccio integrato al bambino e al suo ambiente complesso
Authors: Tamburlini Giorgio , Volta Alessandro
Published: April 2021

Stemming from studies that increased our understanding of how the child developing systems and their interactions are shaped by the environment and about the role of early toxic adversities, a more holistic integrated and ecological approach is proposed for all professionals involved in health, education and social services addressing children and their families. Professionals need to conceive the child as a whole and within their familial and social context. Services need to collaborate, acknowledge roles and competences, include multi-professional and transdisciplinary contents in their pre-service and in-service training, share programmes, plans and intervention approaches, with the ultimate aims of supporting children in their development as well as families in their parental role and building individual and community resilience.
Quando il disturbo del neurosviluppo ha un substrato genetico: un caso di sindrome di Kleefstra
Authors: Sorasio Lorena , Franceschi Luisa , Pavinato Lisa , Peduto Antonella
Published: April 2021

Neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) have an important prevalence in children; intellectual disability in particular occurs in a heterogeneous group of genetic conditions. The evolution of molecular cytogenetic techniques and the recent advances in exome sequencing technologies have enormously implemented the possibilities of diagnostic classification in children with cognitive disabilities due to genetics. The paper presents the case of a patient with a neurodevelopmental disorder who was diagnosed with Kleefstra (KS) syndrome, caused by a point mutation de novo of EHMT1 gene.
A sala de aula invertida na percepção de estudantes de uma universidade pública brasileira
Authors: Valério Marcelo , Rezende da Silva Joschua , Pereira Senes Gabrielly Giovana , Do Nascimento William Junior
Published: April 2021

Resultados de pesquisas e de relatos de experiência transformaram a sala de aula invertida em tendência no ensino superior. Algumas críticas recentes, contudo, têm arrefecido o entusiasmo, reivindicando evidências mais amplas e contextualizadas. Este artigo buscou identificar e analisar a percepção de estudantes que vivenciaram a sala de aula invertida em uma universidade pública brasileira. Um questionário foi desenvolvido e aplicado aos alunos matriculados em sete disciplinas das áreas de ciência e tecnologia, em duas licenciaturas e três engenharias. As 122 respostas foram tratadas por estatística descritiva e analisadas comparativamente. Embora haja uma tendência de acolhimento, interesse e percepção positiva sobre a sala de aula invertida, os resultados não são homogêneos e se constatou um preocupante contingente de estudantes resistentes.
Traçando um perfil para o professor de Física da Educação Básica: o que preconiza a legislação brasileira?
Authors: Pinheiro Lisiane Araujo , Massoni Neusa Teresinha
Published: April 2021

O presente texto compõe uma pesquisa mais abrangente que, no âmbito de uma tese de doutorado, pretende refletir a formação inicial de professores de Física no Brasil. Este artigo discute o perfil do educador de Física a partir de uma análise dos documentos legais que regem o Ensino Médio e o Ensino Superior. A elaboração desse perfil foi dividida em duas etapas: a primeira apresenta o perfil do professor de Física esperado pelos documentos legais que regem o Ensino Médio, que é o maior espaço de atuação do licenciado em Física; a segunda mostra o perfil pretendido do licenciado em Física a partir dos documentos que orientam a Formação de Professores no Ensino Superior. Com a constituição desse perfil, promove-se sua articulação com referenciais teóricos e com a literatura sobre saberes docentes e, assim, pensa-se em investigações mais propositivas na tese. Contudo, entende-se que mostrar esses perfis pode contribuir com o debate vigente sobre a formação de professores em nosso país, especialmente dada a complexidade de saberes, capacidades, habilidades, valores e ações que se espera desse educador segundo os documentos oficiais.
ANÁLISE DE ASPECTOS SOCIOCIENTÍFICOS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE QUÍMICA PARA A PRIMEIRA SÉRIE DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Stadler João Paulo , Azevedo Mariana Da Silva
Published: April 2021

Investigar possibilidades para o uso do livro didático é relevante devido à importância desse recurso didático, ao ponto de se tornar o único instrumento de estudo para o aluno e de apoio ao professor, em razão da ampla distribuição promovida pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) no país. Dentre as várias concepções de ensino de Química, a abordagem de Aspectos Sociocientíficos (ASC) utiliza a contextualização com base em temas socialmente relevantes mobilizados pela discussão de controvérsias pautada no conhecimento científico. Por isso, investigar como os livros didáticos de Química abordam ASC em sua concepção e elaboração pode auxiliar os professores a empregar essa concepção de ensino. Esta pesquisa foi centrada na análise dos livros de Química destinados à primeira série do Ensino Médio pelo PNLD. A metodologia empregada foi a análise categorial de conteúdo baseadas nos indicadores: tema global, presença de controvérsia e critérios de relevância para classificar os textos em potenciais promotores de discussões sociocientíficas. Posteriormente foi delimitado o tipo de abordagem e o tipo de controvérsia apresentados. Verificou-se que as grandes diferenças entre as obras impedem sua comparação por fragmento. Dessa forma, optou-se por fragmentá-las na categorização, produzir um perfil para as obras e, a partir dele, compará-las. Embora todas as obras tenham apresentado fragmentos com potencial de fomentar a discussão sociocientífica, os livros não trazem todas as informações necessárias para a discussão controvertida. Além disso, constatou-se a necessidade de aumentar a quantidade de temas de contexto e tipos de abordagem para abarcar os exemplos contidos nos livros.