bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Runs of homozygosity analysis for selection signatures in the Yellow Korean native chicken
Authors: Kim Jaewon , Macharia John Kariuki , Kim Minjun , Heo Jung Min , Yu Myunghwan , Choo Hyo Jun , Lee Jun Heon
Published: May 2024

Objective: Yellow Korean native chicken (KNC-Y) is one of the five pure Korean indigenous chicken breeds that were restored through a government project in 1992. KNC-Y is recognized for its superior egg production performance compared to other KNC lines. In this study, we performed runs of homozygosity (ROH) analysis to discover selection signatures associated with egg production traits in the KNC-Y population.Methods: A total of 675 DNA samples from KNC-Y were genotyped to generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data using custom 60K Affymetrix SNP chips. ROH analysis was performed using PLINK software, with predefined parameters set for the analysis. The threshold of ROH island was defined as the top 1% frequency of SNPs withing the ROH among the population.Results: In the KNC-Y population, a total of 29,958 runs of homozygosity (ROH) fragments were identified. The average total length of ROH was 120.84 Mb, with each ROH fragment having an average length of 2.71 Mb. The calculated ROH-based inbreeding coefficient (FROH) was 0.13. Furthermore, we revealed the presence of ROH islands on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11. Within the identified regions, a total of 111 genes were annotated, and among them were genes related to economic traits, including PRMT3, ANO5, HDAC4, LSS, PLA2G4A, and PTGS2. Most of the overlapping quantitative trait locus regions with ROH islands were found to be associated with production traits.Conclusion: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of ROH in the KNC-Y population. Notably, among the findings, the PTGS2 gene is believed to play a crucial role in influencing the laying performance of KNC-Y.
Proposing a strategy based on body-thermal status to improve the welfare of heat-stressed and water-deprived goats (Capra hircus)
Authors: Samara Emad M. , Al-Badwi Mohammed A. , Abdoun Khalid A. , Al-Haidary Ahmed  A.
Published: May 2024

Objective: Despite the considerable body of research on the effects of heat stress coupled with water scarcity (either through restriction or deprivation) on goats, aimed at enhancing their welfare, there remains a notable gap in the literature regarding the subsequent period following water restoration, during which the cumulative impact is fully alleviated. In response to this gap, we propose a strategy grounded in the assessment of body-thermal status to improve the welfare of heat-stressed and water-deprived goats. Specifically, our strategy seeks to determine the minimally required recovery interval necessary to completely mitigate the residual effects of water deprivation endured for a duration of 72 hours.Methods: Eight healthy Aardi bucks, aged 10 months and weighing 30 kg, were subjected to three distinct stages: euhydration, dehydration, and rehydration. Each stage spanned for 72 hours except for the rehydration stage, which was left unrestricted. Various meteorological, biophysiological, and thermophysiological measurements were subsequently recorded.Results: Exposure of heat-stressed goats, as indicated by the temperature-humidity index values, to a 72 hours deprivation period resulted in noticeable (p<0.05) alterations in their biophysiological (daily feed intake, body weight, and feces water content) and thermophysiological responses (core, rectal, skin, and surface temperatures, respiratory and heart rates, internal, external, and total body-thermal gradients, heat tolerance and adaptability coefficients, heterothermial total body-heat storage, and total water conservation). Remarkably, our findings demonstrate that all assessed variables, whether measured or estimated, returned to their baseline euhydration levels within 10 days of commencing the rehydration phase.Conclusion: In order to improve the welfare of heat-stressed and 72 hours water-deprived goats, it is imperative to allow a recovery period of no less than 10 days following the restoration of water access prior to initiating any subsequent experiments involving these animals. Such experiments, addressing these critical aspects, serve to advance our understanding of goat welfare and obviously hold promise for contributing to future food security and economic viability.
The Emergence of a New European Data Economy: A Systematic Research Agenda for Health Data Spaces
Authors: Kari Arthur , Schurig Tim , Gersch Martin
Published: May 2024

Data space initiatives, including Gaia-X and the European Health Data Space (EHDS) regulation proposal, aim to establish a decentralized infrastructure for data exchange following European values such as citizen-centricity, transparency, and data sovereignty. European regulators did not only set statutory framework conditions but actively combined technical and regulatory aspects to initiate the co-development of a supranational reference architecture. This frames a novel direction towards a European data economy and is therefore supported with public funding of (research) projects in nine domains, starting with healthcare. Health data spaces represent a transformational endeavor that could fundamentally alter the established platform strategies of dominant organizations. We contribute a systematic research agenda that examines how scholars can harness research opportunities afforded by health data spaces. We propose abduction, action design research, design science research, and behavioral science research as promising approaches to study this phenomenon at different levels of analysis.
Beyond Efficiency and Consistency – Achieving Sustainability through Service-enabled Sufficiency
Authors: Zechiel Felix
Published: May 2024

Sustainability is one of the central topics in service research. The principle of sufficiency is an important driver of sustainability and can inform the development of services. This conceptual paper takes a business actors’ perspective by developing a services for sufficiency framework that integrates different sufficiency categories with relevant categories of resource-intensive goods and goods-related services. It shows how service offerings can promote sufficiency and identifies main clusters of services for sufficiency. This framework offers a starting point for business development and a rapid overview of concrete services for sufficiency.
Dinglichkeit und Pflicht
Authors: Geiger-Wieske Anna Magdalena
Published: May 2024

The concept of obligation is familiar from the law of obligations. The thesis posits that the right in rem also creates obligations. However, these are never obligations to perform, but always obligations to protect. Thus, obligations in rem must be distinguished from those under the law of obligations. In order to prove this, the work examines the concepts of right in rem, claim in rem and obligation and deals with questions concerning the relationship between the law of obligations and property law. The insights gained from this contribute to taking account of the separation of the law of obligations and the law of property as laid down in the BGB, instead of blurring the boundaries, as it happens in the law of easements.
Frequency of Mortality and Adverse Outcomes of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Type 2 Diabetics with a History of Sitagliptin or Metformin Use
Authors: Raji Hanieh , Rashidi Homeira , Moradi Leila , Kianizadeh Fatemeh , Mahmoodi Ali , Saeidimehr Saied
Published: May 2024

Background: The relationship between various blood glucose-lowering treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the mortality and complication rates of COVID-19 infection holds significant relevance. Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical progression of COVID-19 in T2DM patients previously treated with sitagliptin, metformin, or a combination of both. Methods: The study reviewed the medical records of T2DM patients with COVID-19 who had received treatment with sitagliptin, metformin, or both. Participants were selected from those admitted to Naft Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2020 to March 2022. Data on mortality and adverse outcomes related to COVID-19 were gathered from the medical records. Results: The study included 529 diabetic patients treated with metformin (n = 197), sitagliptin (n = 231), or both (n = 101) for a minimum of three months. The overall mortality rate among diabetic patients was 15.1%, with the metformin group showing the highest mortality rate at 28.9% (P < 0.0001). Significant differences were observed among the three treatment groups in terms of the frequency of acute respiratory failure (P < 0.0001), stroke (P = 0.002), pulmonary embolism (P < 0.0001), and the necessity for ICU admission (P < 0.0001). Nonetheless, the incidence of myocardial infarction did not significantly differ between the groups. Conclusions: The findings suggest that sitagliptin use for blood sugar control in T2DM patients may help reduce adverse outcomes and the risk of death due to COVID-19. Mortality and morbidity rates were found to be higher in patients treated with metformin compared to those in the other groups.
Chemical Constituents of the Artemisia ciniformis Aerial Parts Grown in the Northeast of Iran and Their Chemotaxonomic Significance
Authors: Mojarrab Mahdi , Shokoohinia Yalda , Allahyari Elnaz , Zareei Kimia , Zarei Seyed Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Background: The Artemisia genus is one of the largest genera of the Asteraceae family, with various traditional and modern reported uses. Within this group, Artemisia ciniformis (Dermane Talaei) is an endemic plant of Iran with antioxidant, antimalarial, anticancer, cytoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. Due to these potential benefits, further phytochemical research needs to be conducted to understand its chemotaxonomic and pharmaceutical effects. Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the dichloromethane fraction of A. ciniformis from Iran for phytochemical and chemotaxonomic aspects. Methods: Artemisia ciniformis aerial parts were collected, dried, and extracted by the maceration method using dichloromethane after defatting. The prepared extract was subjected to chromatographic techniques, including column chromatography, vacuum liquid chromatography, and HPLC, to isolate purified compounds, which were identified using spectroscopic analyses such as NMR and EI-MS. Results: Two tetrahydrofuran-type sesquiterpenoids: (1) hydroxydavanone and (2) arteincultone; two acetophenone derivatives; (3) xanthoxylin and (4) 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methoxy acetophenone; and a flavonoid, (5) jaceosidin, were isolated. Additionally, a polymethoxylated flavone was obtained in small amounts, and its structure was tentatively assigned as (6) 5,6-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one (Ciniformon). Conclusions: Artemisia ciniformis is a rich source of phytochemicals from various categories, such as sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds, that can be used in systematic studies and medicinal research to treat human disorders by discovering new biologically active as well as lead compounds.
Backlash Against ISDS
Authors: Nilfat Ali
Published: May 2024

Over the years, Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) has spurred a lot of controversies on its legitimacy and integrity. The criticisms mainly stem from the obscuring effect of ISDS on legitimate government regulation and the adventurist manner in which arbitral tribunals interpret substantive rights favouring foreign investors. This, in turn, has resulted in a backlash by States which is illustrated through various forms ranging from withdrawal from traditional Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs), the development of new era BITs, to extremities of eliminating ISDS all-together. Although there are plausible reforms that have been adopted, the system is still a work in progress. Mechanisms must be incorporated to strike a balance between promotion and protection of investment and the sovereign right of the State to regulate investment in the public interest. Innovation and the adoption of regulatory tools that meet individual States developmental needs will play a focal role in attaining a comprehensive International Investment Agreements (IIAs) reform. This paper argues that a paradigm shift from the competing interests of States and investors to a sustainable development approach will achieve a necessary balance in ISDS taking into account the interests of all stakeholders involved in investment arbitration.
Western Deontology versus Eastern Consequentialism
Authors: Akinyi J Eurallyah
Published: May 2024

Whether democracy is a prerequisite to countries that aspire to achieve economic freedom is fodder for academics. Rwanda has been, in the past years, criticised for suppressing the civil and political rights of its citizens in its quest for economic development. One major critic accuses the President of chronic cronyism, manipulated elections, and using exaggerations, half-truths, outright fabrications, misinterpreted data, and inflated figures to tell its success story. Rwanda is hailed as one of the fast-rising developing countries, following the footprints of its East Asian counterparts, the China and the Singapore. Rwanda’s case raises a number of issues: must economic development and democracy be achieved simultaneously? Besides, is a government that prioritises economic development over civil and political rights sustainable? These are some of the issues that this paper sets out to examine.
Developing Jurisprudence beyond the Horizon
Authors: Wangai Mukami , Mwangi Linus , Kilonzo Josephat
Published: May 2024

This paper scrutinises the Supreme Court decision that nullified Kenya’s presidential election in 2017. It emphasises that, thanks to judicialisation of politics in Kenya’s current constitutional era, the judiciary is placed at the centre of resolving electoral disputes. Basing arguments on articles 20 and 38 of the 2010 Constitution, the paper draws attention to the shortfalls in the Supreme Court’s reasoning in its decision to nullify the election. It is suggested that, a proper right-centric approach, one that is conscious of the people’s sovereign will in a political democratic process, would have led the court to question whether the election result expressed the will of the electorate. Thus, it is argued that the precedent’s standard on nullification of an election has proved inadequate and has eroded the institutional integrity of the Court. With an eye on the next general elections, recommendations are made on how the Supreme Court may improve this condition.
Negotiating Criminal Responsibility with Plea Bargain in Nigeria
Authors: Edobor Julius , Osadolor Faith
Published: May 2024

The concept of plea bargaining is a commendable tool in the administration of criminal justice in Nigeria. It is simply a negotiated agreement between a prosecutor and a defendant where the defendant pleads guilty to a lesser offence in exchange for concession. This study examines the historical development of the concept, its comparative development in selected countries such as, the United States of America, India, Canada and some Common Law jurisdictions where plea bargaining has gained prominent recognitions in its criminal justice systems particularly, where there is absence of compulsory prosecution against the criminal defendants. In the same vein, the study also examines the issues arising from the emergence and practice of plea bargain in Nigeria. It therefore, proffers appropriate recommendations against the background of the examination of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA), 2015 which has also been domesticated in some States in Nigeria.
Kenya’s Gubernatorial Impeachments
Authors: Mwakuni Leonard Muye
Published: May 2024

The Constitution of Kenya, the County Governments Act and the Standing Orders of the respective County Assemblies and Senate provide for the scope of the constitutional grounds and the actual procedure for removal of county governors. A transparent procedure for the removal of governors is vital to avoid unnecessary political uncertainties and controversies. The removal process is quasi-judicial with two political bodies: respective County Assemblies and Senate playing an active role. The significance of the role of the superior courts in the removal process cannot be overemphasised. Superior courts have jurisdiction to interpret the Constitution and other laws, check whether the grounds for impeachment have been substantiated and the procedure for removal rightly followed while protecting the rights of persons subjected to a removal process. The Kenyan experience has shown that the impeachment processes are prone to political uncertainties and controversies, and abuses by both the respective County Assemblies and Senate. Most of the impeachment proceedings, so far, have breached the laid down procedure and have been based on unsubstantiated charges. In certain instances, superior courts have been called upon to correct the abuse of powers by the political bodies. To what extent have the superior courts been effective in their supervisory role of checking against abuse of power in this regard? This article unpacks the sui generis (political, constitutional, and quasi-judicial) nature of the impeachment process, and demystifies the role of superior courts as the guardians against abuse of powers by the respective County Assemblies and the Senate.
Some Passing Reflections on the Building Bridges Initiative
Authors: Ngira David Otieno
Published: May 2024

This paper is a product of general reflections on the ongoing Building Bridges Initiative (BBI) process. The first part introduces the BBI process and explores its role in the ongoing constitutional reform debates. The second part examines some of the central weaknesses of the process in view of constitutional theory and highlights their deleterious effect on any gains that the process may seek to achieve. The third part examines some positive elements of the process and highlights the role of depoliticisation in the achievement of the BBI committee’s objectives.
Between universalism and cultural relativism The dilemma of consent to female genital mutilation in the Tatu Kamau case
Authors: Lichuma Caroline Omari
Published: May 2024

To date, almost 74 years since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (the UDHR), the tensions between universalism and cultural relativism in the field of human rights, whose provenance can be traced back to the debates surrounding the drafting and adoption of the UDHR, still linger on, playing out on the national stage in countries such as Kenya. At its core, universalism argues that all human rights inhere in all individuals without distinction, and that they must stand even when in when in opposition to established cultural practices. In contrast, cultural relativism holds that no particular culture is superior to another, and centers on the need for forbearance and respect towards each culture to avoid imperialist tendencies of imposing beliefs. This paper argues that these binary ideological viewpoints are magnified in the context of female genital mutilation. Through an analysis of the case of Tatu Kamau v Attorney General & 2 others; Equality Now & 9 others (Interested Parties); Katiba Institute & another (amicus curiae) [2021] eKLR, it is proposed that a cultural approach is needed in addition to legal measures in place to combat the practice.
Book Review
Authors: Omolo Joseph Agutu
Published: May 2024

Ambreena Manji’s The struggle for land and justice in Kenya, James Currey, 2020, aims to provide a socio-legal approach to understanding developments in the land domain in Kenya between 2010 and 2020. Specifically, the book studies land accumulation by dispossession and the struggles against exploitation through a justice framework. The book is divided into 8 chapters.
The Exclusive Economic Zone and the legacy of FX Njenga
Authors: Cheruiyot Patricia
Published: May 2024

‘No man is truly great who is great only in his lifetime. The test of greatness is the page of history.’ William Hazlitt
A comprehensive reparations system for custodial deaths
Authors: Jeluget Bomett Marion
Published: May 2024

Death in police custody is one of the major social injustices in Kenyan society today. While many continue to call for the criminal prosecution of police officers involved in such extrajudicial deaths, less is said about the human rights remedies available for the victims surviving the deceased. National, regional and international law provides for remedies for human rights violations in the form of reparations. The jurisprudence of Kenyan courts, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights confirm that such victims are entitled to various forms of reparations. This paper analyses victimhood and the reparation systems in Kenya. The introduction briefly discusses death in police custody as a form of human rights violation. The paper then investigates the notion of a victim in national, regional and international law, with the aim of highlighting the scope of accruing human rights and the attached remedies. Consequently, the paper evaluates the Kenyan system of reparations available to victims in both national, regional, and international human rights law. This evaluation expounds on the forms of reparations available for victims of deaths in police custody. In concluding, this paper makes recommendations for victims and their families pursuing human rights remedies in addition to criminal sanctions against the police.
Editorial
Authors: Amwama Sharon Moraa
Published: May 2024

In effecting the vision of Kabarak University, ‘To become a centre of academic excellence…’ Kabarak University Law School presents to you the very first issue of the Kabarak Law Review. This journal is set as a revival of the Kabarak Students’ Law Review which dates back to 2014. The journey towards this revival started as a dream whose reality is seen today. It has been my aim and that of the Kabarak University Law Students Association 2020-2021 to realise this dream and we cannot be prouder of this accomplishment
Experiencias en la implementación del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en asignaturas del área de Básicas.
Authors: Rivas Moreno Frida Karem , Vidal García Gabriela , Saavedra Cruz Nubia , Carmona Rendón Juan Carlos
Published: May 2024

En este trabajo se abordarán las experiencias derivadas de la implementación de la estrategia de enseñanza-aprendizaje Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) en dos asignaturas del área de básicas, Métodos Numéricos e Informática y Programación. La estrategia se llevó a cabo con la finalidad de incentivar a los estudiantes a resolver problemas aplicados a la ingeniería. Mediante una encuesta se identificó el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes después de la aplicación de principios didácticos (p.ej. solidez de conocimiento y vinculación de la teoría con la práctica), al final se constató que hubo un incremento en el número de aprobados en ambas asignaturas.
Consciousness and the Self, No Self Disagreement
Authors: Lund David H. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: May 2024

My primary aim in this paper is to show that the structure of experience must include a subject (or self). I argue that the subjectless (No-Self) views of our experience must be rejected, primarily because without the consciousness-unifying function of a subject they are unable to account for the unities of consciousness present in our experience. In addition, I contend that such views fail in another respect. They emphasize the streaming of experience, the ever-changing flow of conscious events, but have difficulty identifying what must stand unmoving to provide the contrast needed for the experience of motion.
The Vicissitudes of Two Lines of Poetry
Authors: Bonebakker Seeger A.
Published: May 2024

All of us are familiar with the phenomenon of the author of a collection of poetry, or prose and poetry — a so-called adab book — making changes in a line of poetry. The fact is even more common among the rāwīs, the earliest transmitters of poetry. Such changes may result in what in western textual criticism is known as the lectio facilior, “the easier reading”. Sometimes such interventions may be useful in the sense that they give us an indication of how the line of poetry should be interpreted, but it goes without saying that caution is necessary. The rāwī or the collector may have misinterpreted the line; or what is worse, he may not understand the line and wilfully change a word or two to make the text intelligible to himself, or even to make it conform to his taste. This is, I think, what happened to two sets of two lines which will be discussed in this article.
On the Animal World of Omani Proverbs
Authors: Dévényi Kinga
Published: May 2024

The study of Omani proverbs has been a quite neglected field until recently (1986) when al-Ḥumaydī started to publish his collection. This article provides an analysis of the animal world as reflected by these proverbs. This investigation aims to be a semantic analysis of those Omani proverbs that mention animals.
QUANTIFYING THE IMPACT OF AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS ON URBAN AIR QUALITY: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Prakash Dev
Published: May 2024

This research investigates airborne pollutant dynamics in NOIDA, a burgeoning urban center in India. Utilizing advanced analytical methods, we monitored particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) across diverse sectors. Pollution hotspots, notably in industrial and residential areas, were identified. Rush-hour peaks in residential PM levels highlighted vehicular contributions, while industrial zones exhibited heightened NOx and VOC concentrations. Correlations with meteorological factors underscored the influence of temperature, wind speed, and humidity on pollutant levels. Comparing findings with existing literature and environmental standards revealed compliance with average norms but emphasized localized variations. Implications for public health include potential respiratory risks, while environmental consequences encompass ecosystem impacts and challenges for sustainable urban planning. Targeted interventions, including emission controls and community engagement, are proposed. This research advocates for an interdisciplinary approach to inform holistic air quality management in rapidly urbanizing regions, offering insights applicable to global urban development challenges
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF WORKING TRENDS AND BEST PRACTICES FOLLOWED IN THE KITCHENS OF FIVE-STAR HOTELS ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING FOR CUSTOMER SATISFACTION & EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE POST-COVID-19: A REVIEW
Authors: Kohli Mr. Srajan , Singh Prof. (Dr.) Vikas , Mishra Prof. (Dr.) Rajiv
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine the working styles and best practices used in the kitchens of star-rated hotels, as well as how they affect guest pleasure, employee productivity, and general health and wellbeing, both before and after Covid-19. The comparative analysis will shed light on the adjustments made to the hospitality sector as a result of the epidemic and how it has changed the working conditions in the kitchen. The study will also look at the steps hotels have made, such as implementing new technologies and protocols, to protect the security and well-being of their staff and guests. The results of this study will aid hotel management in making decisions on how to enhance culinary operations and give customers a better experience. Data will be gathered for the project through surveys, interviews, and observations of culinary operations in star-rated hotels across various geographic regions. The study will concentrate on a number of topics, including menu planning, food preparation, sanitary standards, teamwork, communication, and training and development. The study will also look at how technology, like automation and digitization, affects kitchen operations and worker productivity. The research results will be examined statistically and provided in a thorough report with suggestions for enhancing culinary operations in star-rated hotels. This research aims to further knowledge of best practices and emerging trends in kitchen operations and how they affect client happiness, employee performance, and general health and wellbeing
A STUDY EXPLORES MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR BUDGET HOTELS NEAR MSR NAGAR TO MAXIMIZE PROFITS, WITH A FOCUS ON POSTCOVID TIMES
Authors: K Ms. Vanishree.
Published: May 2024

A marketing strategy refers to a plan designed to promote and sell a product or service, with hotel rooms being the main product in the hotel industry. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the revenue generated by hotels, leading to the need for effective marketing strategies to maximize profit from the increasing tourism traffic. The study aims to recommend a conceptual model to enhance marketing strategies for budget hotels. The study focuses on budget hotels in and around MRS Nagar in Bengaluru, aiming to identify existing marketing plans, analyze post-COVID strategies, and recommend a conceptual model to enhance marketing strategies. Primary and secondary data were collected through both qualitative and quantitative research design. The results suggest that higher investment in the marketing team and better collaborations with other organizations are essential to improve the competitiveness of the hotels and enhance the services being offered. The study presents some best strategies that can be implemented by hotels by aligning them with their existing strategies, and the survey conducted by the team provides valuable insights for the hospitality industry
A STUDY ON FRAUDS AND MEASURES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY AND FOLLOWING THE SDG 12 (RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION) IN THE HOTEL INDUSTRY
Authors: Saxena Mr. Akshat , Singh Prof. (Dr.) Vikas , Mishra Prof. (Dr.) Rajiv
Published: May 2024

This study's aim is to investigate and analyse the various aspects of fraud, particularly how it relates to and exists in the hospitality sector. The study also incorporates findings and analysis from two accounting case studies sponsored by PricewaterhouseCoopers and KMPG in the autumn of 2013 and from participation in a professional development series performed in a classroom setting. I'll break down fraud into all of its component parts, then put together a work schedule and proposal based on the research's conclusions. In this study, fraud is investigated in terms of its causes, perpetrators, laws, and trends. Through primary and secondary research, I was able to conclude that fraud is a rapidly changing problem that exists everywhere in the globe. Nevertheless, by being aware, informed, involved, and proactive, it is possible to fight fraud and its perpetrators. Making sure that consumption and production patterns are sustainable is the focus of SDG 12. By 2030, Target 12.3 intends to cut down on food loss by 50% at the production stage, including post-harvest losses, and at the retail and consumption stages
FOREIGN TRAVELERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF INDIAN CUISINE IN 5 STAR HOTEL AND STEPS TAKEN TO CONSERVE WATER
Authors: Hussain Majhar , Singh Prof. (Dr.) Vikas , Mishra Prof. (Dr.) Rajiv
Published: May 2024

The first task of this survey is to determine the popularity of Indian cuisine, Continental cuisine dishes are more popular than Indian cuisine dishes. We should understand consumer misconceptions about Indian Cuisine dishes, The objective of the study is to identify the dishes and the ingredients of Indian cuisine. For a better understanding of Indian cuisine, this topic I have chosen. The misconception about Indian cuisine can be eradicated by comparing this cuisine to another cuisine of different regions. Many people do not have proper knowledge about the variety of dishes that comes under Indian cuisine. People don‘t know the ingredients, tastes, and flavours of the dishes. As we all know about Indian cuisine dishes like dal makhani, assorted Indian bread, rice, mixed vegetables, biryani, butter chicken, jeera rice, etc. So, researching this is more important than others A structured questionnaire was prepared, and this research shows that it is not only delicious but also healthy, rice, pulses, spices, curry powder, ghee, mustard oil and seasonal vegetables are widely used in the preparation of dishes. The study will remove misconceptions about Indian cuisine & awareness programs should be raised and put Indian foods in menu cards by doing menu engineering to aware consumers of Indian cuisine. This leaves a lot of opportunities for future entrepreneurs to enter in food business of Indian cuisine, they should work more on the marketing of all state‘s popular dishes by improving the menu
A CASE STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF AUTOMATION AND USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON THE EMPLOYABILITY IN FOOD PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT IN HOTELS OF DELHI-NCR
Authors: Pandey Mr. Himanshu , Singh Prof. (Dr.) Vikas , Mishra Prof. (Dr.) Rajiv
Published: May 2024

This research paper was based to analyze the latest trend of automation and AI in the kitchen department, another objective of my study is to identify the major impact of Artificial Intelligence and automation in the kitchen department and in the other objective which is to analyze the effect of automation on the employability in the food production department. A questionnaire was prepared and got responses from the kitchen staff of various, Delhi-NCR hotels. In I got to know about how Artificial Intelligence reduces the work pressure of an employee, and then I got to know if the kitchen department would be fully automated in future or not. The quality of work done by machines after getting the Artificial Intelligence in the restaurant and how it will impact the efficiency in the kitchen with the use of Artificial Intelligence and automation in the restaurant of Delhi-NCR
HUMAN MACHINE INTERACTION
Authors: Pandey Dr. Vimmi , Nathai Dr. Neeta
Published: May 2024

Human Machine Interaction (HMI) is the study of the interaction between humans and machines, and how these interactions can be optimized to create more intuitive, efficient, and effective interfaces. HMI encompasses a wide range of technologies and disciplines, including computer science, engineering, psychology, and design. At its core, HMI is concerned with creating interfaces that allow humans to interact with machines in a way that is natural and intuitive, using modalities such as touch screens, voice recognition, augmented reality, virtual reality, AI/ML. The goal of HMI is to make machines more accessible and usable for humans, while also improving the performance and functionality of the machines themselves. HMI is an area of rapid innovation and development, with new technologies and techniques being developed all the time. Some of the key trends in HMI include the use of natural language processing, wearable and IoT, emotion recognition, brain-computer interfaces, and explainable AI. The applications of HMI are wideranging, encompassing everything from consumer electronics such as smart phones and tablets to industrial automation systems and medical devices. By creating more intuitive and effective interfaces between humans and machines, HMI has the potential to revolutionize the way we interact with technology and the world around us
ORGANIC AQUACULTURE: SUSTAINING THE FUTURE OF FISH FARMING
Authors: Dar Showkat Ahmad , Kumar Sarvendra , Rani Susmita , Keer Naresh Raj , Kumar Rajesh , Swain Sagarika , Iqbal Gowhar , Malik Mohd Ashraf
Published: May 2024

Aquaculture, the farming of aquatic organisms, plays a vital role in meeting the growing global demand for seafood. However, concerns over environmental impacts, use of antibiotics, and questionable farming practices have led to the rise of organic aquaculture as a sustainable alternative. Organic aquaculture focuses on minimizing environmental impact, prioritizing animal welfare, and producing seafood of high quality and nutritional value. This article explores the concept of organic aquaculture, its benefits, the practices and standards involved, sustainable feed and nutrition strategies, disease prevention and health management, certification and regulations, market trends, and the challenges and future directions in this rapidly evolving industry. The general principles of organic aquaculture are to produce healthy, disease free natural seafood, without the use of any antibiotics, hormones, chemicals etc. and at the same time, protecting the environment from all adverse conditions. With the concern over health and environment, the demand for organic products is increasing in the global market
ENHANCING AQUACULTURE HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE: EXPLORING THE APPLICATIONS OF PROBIOTICS AND PREBIOTICS
Authors: Singh Arya , Iqbal Gowhar , Chauhan Vivek , Teja Samanthula Surya
Published: May 2024

Aquaculture is an increasingly vital component of global food production, providing a significant source of seafood for human consumption. Maintaining a healthy microbial community in the water and the digestive tracts of aquatic species is crucial for the well-being and efficiency of aquaculture systems. Probiotics and prebiotics have shown promise in supporting the health, growth, and disease resistance of aquaculture species. This chapter reviews the uses of probiotics and prebiotics in aquaculture, emphasising their potential advantages, modes of action, and usefulness. Probiotics are used to modulate the intestinal microbiota of fish and shellfish. These include beneficial microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus species, and yeasts. They support better growth performance overall, illness resistance, and enhanced digestion and nutrition absorption. Probiotics can also improve water quality by competitively excluding harmful microbes, which lessens the need for antibiotics. In contrast, prebiotics function as substrates that specifically promote the development and activity of advantageous microbes within the gastrointestinal tract. Inulin, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and mannooligosaccharides (MOS) are common prebiotics used in aquaculture. These substances improve the general health of aquatic species' guts by encouraging the growth of probiotic bacteria. The continued research and development of prebiotics and probiotics in aquaculture will contribute to more sustainable and efficient fish and shellfish production, ultimately benefitting the industry and consumers
Analyzing IPL Match Results with Data Science and Python: An Evolution over Seasons
Authors: R Femi
Published: May 2024

This analysis delves into the distribution of match results, including normal matches, tied matches, and matches with no result, within the Indian Premier League (IPL) dataset. The data is explored across various IPL seasons, allowing us to gain insights into how the distribution of match outcomes has evolved over the years. To achieve this, we employ a stacked bar plot that elegantly displays the number of matches falling into each result category for each season. This visualization technique leverages pre-attentive attributes such as length and color, enhancing the clarity and understandability of the data. Additionally, the Gestalt principles of proximity and similarity guide the viewer in identifying patterns and changes in match results over time. Ultimately, this analysis aids in comprehending the dynamic nature of match outcomes in the IPL and provides valuable insights for cricket enthusiasts and analysts alike
Data Visualization: Trends and Patterns
Authors: Gupta Ashish , Gupta Dr. Sanjeev Kumar , Yadav Dr. Pritaj , Gupta Dr. Deepak
Published: May 2024

Data visualization is a broad term encompassing various techniques aimed at enhancing people's comprehension of data by presenting it visually. It transforms quantitative information into graphical representations, making it easier for the human mind to identify patterns, trends, and correlations that might otherwise remain hidden within text-based data. Although data visualizations frequently take the form of familiar charts and graphs, they play a prevalent role in our daily lives. Moreover, they have the potential to reveal previously undiscovered insights and trends. The art of crafting effective data visualizations combines elements of communication, data science, and design, offering valuable and intuitive insights into complex datasets. In this article, we will delve into the world of data visualization, exploring its significance, tools, and applications
Methods and Tools for Data Analysis and Visualization
Authors: Yadav Vinod Kumar , Yadav Dr. Pritaj
Published: May 2024

Data visualization refers to studies that schematically represent abstracted data visually while simultaneously including their own features and factors. Data visualization's primary goal is to use graphical tools to communicate information in a more understandable and efficient manner. In order to come up with good results, data analysis is required. Decisions can be made using the final result. In order to help the human brain better understand and inspect the data, which is to comprehend the outcomes of their processing, data visualizat ion entails turning the data into a visual context. The fastest human cognitive pathway is the visual canal. Because of this, more individuals prefer to view data than hear or read it. Fast data processing, analysis, and display are typically priorities in everyday life in a time of overproduction of digital data. Visual data analysis and processing tools are constantly updated as a result of constant contact between managers, users and developers on the one hand, and on the other, on the other hand. The essential points and the possible effects of data visualization tools and approaches in diverse fields are summarized in the chapter's conclusion. The purpose of this chapter is to present a thorough review of data visualization methods and techniques and to emphasize their significance in many disciplines for efficient data analysis and communication
Real Time Analytics from Social Media
Authors: Yadav Dr. Pritaj , Khare Anchal
Published: May 2024

Social media analytics records incorporate a various set of metrics and insights derived from diverse social media structures. It serves as a vital useful resource for businesses, entrepreneurs, and people looking for to realise consumer engagement, behavior, and the effectiveness in their on-line endeavors. Key additives of this facts encompass engagement metrics, follower growth, attain, and conversion charges. additionally,demographic statistics and sentiment evaluation provide valuable target audience insights, enabling personalized content material strategies. Competitor benchmarking and consumer remarks evaluation enhance strategic choice-making. Leveraging specialized tools and systems, social media analytics statistics empowers customers to optimize their on-line presence and advertising efforts
Unveiling Public Sentiment through Enhanced Machine Learning: A Deep Dive into Twitter Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Tripathi Prasun , Kumar Mukesh
Published: May 2024

In a digital age awash with tweets and social media chatter, capturing the public's sentiment has never been more crucial. This chapter provides a comprehensive examination of a novel approach to sentiment analysis of Twitter data, leveraging the synergies between natural language processing and cutting-edge machine learning algorithms for exceptional accuracy and robustness in sentiment categorization. The chapter commences by underlining the growing importance of sentiment analysis across various sectors—be it for corporate decision-making or governmental policy formulation. It critiques existing methodologies, highlighting their limitations in addressing issues such as sarcasm, irony, and context-specific language, thereby underscoring the necessity for more nuanced and accurate techniques. The heart of the chapter is the in-depth presentation of our groundbreaking methodology. The process starts with meticulous data preprocessing steps like tokenization, stop-word elimination, and stemming, followed by feature extraction methods like TF-IDF and word embeddings. A detailed walkthrough of an innovative machine learning model combining ensemble and deep learning techniques is provided, including its architecture, training procedures, and finetuning mechanisms. According to our empirical findings, this pioneering approach eclipses conventional sentiment analysis methods in both accuracy and capability to tackle large datasets in real-time. Special attention is paid to the model's proficiency in overcoming traditional challenges such as detecting sarcasm and irony. In closing, the chapter accentuates the crucial role sentiment analysis plays in distilling the zeitgeist of public opinion, and how this invaluable tool aids businesses and governments in their decision-making processes. It concludes by charting the course for future studies, aiming to push the boundaries of sentiment analysis technologies to meet new and evolving challenges in the field
Mass and Pureline Selection
Authors: Amaresh Mr. , Nunavath Aswini
Published: May 2024

Since the commencement of domestication, man has always engaged in conscious or unconscious selection activity. Choosing individuals based on phenotypic superiority is the earliest and most traditional method of crop improvement. Since the beginning of time, our fore farmers and scientists have been instilling their expertise in choosing the best planting material from the already-existing local entries/cultivars to raise the crop for the following season. In order to convey the information on crop improvement in an understandable manner, this chapter briefly discusses the two main selection techniques, mass selection and pure line selection
Transgenic Breeding
Authors: Kundu Varsha
Published: May 2024

Plant modification enables the transfer of the desired gene, making it possible to create unique transgenic plants that would be challenging to grow using traditional methods. To transfer transgenes from genotypes that are adaptable but unfavourable from an agricultural standpoint, into superior breeding lines using the backcross breeding approach, plant breeding must be included. Large-scale production of transgenic plants is challenging, labour-intensive, and expensive. To serve economic objectives, it is worthwhile to make simultaneous attempts to incorporate the transgene into enhanced plant material. Plant transformation techniques let farmers to get greater yield from less land and produce more with less money spent on inputs. With the help of plant transformation technologies, many crops are becoming accustomed to our desired traits. This chapter describes the technology of plant transformation, the sequential phases of transgenic crop development, and the advantages of transgenic plants
Ideotype Breeding: An Approach for Crop Improvement
Authors: SwathiRekha Nandigam , Ravi Kumar U. P. Teja , Krishnaveni Varala , Krishna Kasanaboina
Published: May 2024

A change in environment poses a thrust to the plant breeders to develop new varieties/ cultivars that are well adapted to the global climatic conditions. Ideotype breeding, an alternative to conventional breeding focuses majorly this aspect by combining yield, morphological and the physiological traits that can withstand these situations. These ideotypes are weak competitors individually but not in a population making it feasible to use at commercial level. Ideotype breeding involves various steps in a systematic way such as developing a model plant, selection of source(s), incorporation of desired traits into one plant and selection of plants with an ideal combination of traits. But characteristics of the ideotype may vary with changing climate and demands. It can be considered as one of the efficient methods of breaking yield barriers, finding solutions and developing cultivars required for a specific environment. As this is a slow, tedious and a continuous process, usage of recent advances in technology may help the breeders in developing ideotypes early than before. Success in developing a specific ideotype is difficult thus making this technique as a supplement to conventional breeding rather than a substitute