bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium and Kinetic Aspects of Hg(II) Extraction from Natural Waters with Diphenylthiocarbazone
Authors: Jaffar M. , Ashraf M.
Published: June 2015

A diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone) based liquid‐liquid extraction method of general utility is proposed for small‐scale Hg(II) extraction from natural waters. The quantitative aspects related to the extraction are studied in terms of distribution of mercury dithizonate in carbon tetrachloride‐water system at 293 K (20±1°C). Various distribution constants related to the reagent and the complex formed are evaluated. The equilibrium and kinetic studies of extraction and complex formation are analytically based on atomic absorption and colorimetric methods. Local natural waters were subjected to the proposed method for Hg(II) removal. The method is found to be capable of removing above 98% mercury in a single‐step extraction under the conditions evaluated in terms of matrix pH, equilibration time and amount of reagent.
Chelate Compounds of a Selected Non‐Transition and Transition Metal Ions with Some Salicylic Acid Derivatives
Authors: El‐Gaber A. A. Abd , El‐Roudi A. M. , Soliman E. M. , Mahmoud M. R.
Published: June 2015

A series of binary complexes of Zn(II), Hg(II), Pb(II), La(III), Ce(III), Th(IV) and UO2(II) with 3,5‐dinitrosalicylic acid and 5‐sulphosalicylic acid have been isolated and characterized. The solution equilibria of these complexes have been studied pH‐metrically. The formation constants (log K) at 25±1°C and ionic strength of 0.2M NaClC4 have been calculated. Stability of the complexes formed in relation to ligand molecular structure and nature of the metal ion has been examined and discussed.
Physico‐Chemical Stability of Warfarin in Ground Mixtures with β‐Cyclodextrin or Microcrystalline Cellulose under Storage Conditions
Authors: Lin Shan‐Yang , Kao Yuh‐Horng
Published: June 2015

The effects of grinding and the excipients used on the solid state stability of warfarin in ground mixtures with β‐cyclodextrin or microcrystalline cellulose have been investigated by using x‐ray powder diffractometry, IR spectrophotometry and differential scanning calorimetry. The grinding process did not result in warfarin‐excipient interaction, but caused a crystalline form of warfarin to transfer to an amorphous state in the presence of β‐cyclodextrin. The stability of this amorphous state of warfarin in tablets made from the ground mixtures stored at 37°C and 75% RH (relative humidity) was also studied. There was only a small amount of amorphous warfarin in tablets that recrystallized under storage conditions. The recrystallization of amorphous warfarin might be due to moisture adsorption. β‐cyclodextrin possesses an ability to prevent the recrystallization of large amounts of amorphous warfarin in tablets stored at 37°C and 75% RH.
The Preparation of Heptacyclo[6.6.0.0.2,60.3,130.4,11 0.5,90.10,14]Tetradecane Derivatives and the Analysis of Their NMR Spectra
Authors: Chow Tahsin J. , Feng Jung‐Jung , Shih Huey‐Jen , Wu Tung‐Kung , Tseng Li‐Hong , Wang Chi‐Ying , Yu Chin
Published: June 2015

The title compound is functionalized by a series of reactions to yield derivatives in the forms of hydroxides, ketones, ketals, lactones, etc. Their structures are analyzed by NMR spectroscopy.
A Practical Formal Synthesis of a Physiologically Active Analogue of Platelet Activating Factor
Authors: Tsai Yeun‐Min , Jiang Shu‐Li , Chen Huei‐Ju , Chau Lee‐Young , Lin Jin‐Tay
Published: June 2015

A synthesis of phosphocholine 9 was accomplished in 36% yield from isopropylidene glycerol in contrast to 2% yield as reported previously. Since 9 has been converted to platelet activating factor‐analogue 2, this report constitutes a more practical synthesis of 2.
Comment on ‘Topological Analysis of the Eigenvalues of the Adjacency Matrices in Graph Theory: A Difficulty with the Concept of Internal Connectivity’
Authors: Lee Shyi‐Long
Published: June 2015

Net signs of edge‐signed graphs obtained for different choices of degenerate eigenvectors of an adjacency matrix are shown to become equal with a simple weighting procedure. However, in a few cases, this simple procedure is found to yield orderings of the eigenvectors based on the weighted net signs which are different from the orderings based on the eigenvalues.
Crystal and Molecular Structures of (η4‐Cyclohexa‐1,3‐Diene) (2‐Tert‐Butyl‐1,1,4,4‐Tetrafluoro‐1,4‐Disilabutene) Metal Carbonyls. MFe, W
Authors: Hseu Tzong‐Hsiung , Lin Cheng‐Hsien , Lee Chi‐Young , Liu Chao‐Shiuan
Published: June 2015

Molecular structures of the two title compounds were investigated to reveal the relationship between the structure of the reaction intermediates and the reaction pathways in the transition metal‐mediated cycloaddition reaction between tetrafluorodisilacyclobutene and conjugated dienes. The structures were determined by X‐ray diffraction. Both cyrstals are orthorhombic. Compound I. C14H18O2Si2F4Fe. is of space group P212121 with Z=4; a=6.862(7) Å. b=10.9560(10) Å. c=23.597(25) Å. and Dc=1.562 gcm−1. Compound II, C15H18O3Si2F4W, is of space group Pbca with Z=8; a=16.999(8) Å, b=15.948(6), c=14.045(7) Å, and Dc=1.962 gcm−1. Both structures were solved by heavy‐atom methods and refined by full‐matrix least‐squares using anisotropic temperature factors for all non‐hydrogen atoms to R values of 0.092 for 1544 observed reflections and 0.078 for 2751 observed reflections, respectively, for compound I and compound II. The butadiene segment of the cyclohexadiene ligand is essentially planar in compound I while it is twisted with a torsional angle of 22° (2) in compound II. The five‐membered disilametallacycle ring is planar in compound II while ii is in an envelope comformation in compound I. The coordination geometry of the iron atom may be considered as a distorted tetragonal‐pyramidal with the diene unit occupying the apical site, That of tungsten is a distorted seven‐coordinated pentagonal‐bipyramidal with the two axial carbonyl groups displaced toward the disilabutene ligand. The disilabutene of compound I lies almost parallel and cis to the plane of the butadiene segment while that of compound II orients almost perpendicular to the diene group. The differences in the structural features of the two complexes explain clearly their product patterns and the reactions are apparently stereo‐controlled.
Structure of Perchlorato(2,5,8,11‐Tetraazadodecane)Copper (II) Perchlorate Monohydrate
Authors: Wu Fang‐Jy , Wang Sue‐Lein , Liou Yuh‐Liang , Chung Chung‐Sun
Published: June 2015

[Cu(C8H22N4)]·(ClO4)2.H2O, Mr= 454.80, orthorhombic C2221, a = 15.481(5), b = 7.404(1), c = 14.827(3)Å, V = 1699.5(8)Å3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.78 g/cm3, λ(MoKα) = 0.71073Å, μ = 16.5 cm−1. F(000) = 940, T = 22°C, R = 6.86%, Rw = 7.66% for 820 observed reflections (I > 2.5σ (I)). The coordination number for the copper(II) ion is five, and the coordination geometry about copper(II) ion is a buckled square pyramid with the tetraamine equatorial and a perchlorate ion axial. The tetraamine is coordinated in a square‐plannar manner with slight tetrahedral distortions. The four Cu‐N distances span a very narrow range, 1.990(10) −1.994(14)Å.
Convolution of Velocity Distributions in a Pulsed Molecular Beam
Authors: Chen Kuo‐Mei , Chien Tzeng‐Shyang , Pei Cheng‐Chih
Published: June 2015

The velocity distributions P(v) of pulsed molecular beams are conventionally measured via TOF techniques. To account for the finite pulse widths of beam valves, a convoluted TOF distribution function P(t) is derived. TOF data on Ar pulsed beams are analyzed accordingly.
Some Reactions of 2‐Amino‐3‐Cyano‐Substituted Pyrroles
Authors: Bayomi Said M. , Al‐Khamees Hamad A. , Ismail Abdel‐Kader M. , Eissa Hassan M. , El‐Kerdawy M.
Published: June 2015

Reactivity of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4.5‐disubstituted pyrroles was studied and data for structural assignment are reported.
Application of Phosphorus‐31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrosocopy for the Study of Human Diabetic Cataractogenesis
Authors: Hay Andy , Aguayo James , Stark Walter , Chen Chung‐Ho , Camli Ugur , Kan Lou‐Sing
Published: June 2015

Intact human Senses incubated at 5.5 mM (normal) and 35.5 mM glucose were examined by phosphorus‐31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy. Lense in 35.5 mM glucose showed an altered metabolic steady‐state characterized by a lowered adenosine triphosphate/inorganic orthophosphate ratio.

31P NMR spectroscopy can be used to measure metabolic changes in the lens. This model offers an important means to study dynamic metabolism in the human lens in the setting of diabetic cataractogenesis.
Organosilanes in Free Radical Cyclizations Reactions (1)
Authors: Chuang Che‐Ping , Jiang Vei‐Jeng
Published: June 2015

A study on the intramolecular free radical cyclization reactions mediated by diphenylsilane is described.
An Efficient Synthesis of 8‐Amino‐9‐Benzylguanine
Authors: Chern Ji‐Wang , Kuo Jih‐An , Lu Guan‐Yu
Published: June 2015

The reaction of 2,5‐diamino‐4‐benzylamino‐pyrimidin‐6(III)‐one (6) with benzoyl isothiocyanate furnished 2‐amino‐4‐benzylamino‐5‐[1‐(3‐benzoylthioureido)]‐pyrimidin‐6(1H)‐one (7) in good yield. The title compound I was synthesized from compound 7 via a cyclodesulfurative reaction with DCC in DMF at 80°C directly to form 8‐benzoylamino‐9‐benzylguanine (9) which was subsequently treated with 1 N sodium hydroxide.
Diffusion Coefficients of Atomic Halogen
Authors: Hwang Ming‐Dar , Su Tzu‐Min
Published: June 2015

Diffusion coefficients of atomic halogen with noble gases were calculated from the potential curves reported in the literature from the crossed molecular‐beam scattering experiments. The deviations of the diffusion constants between the atomic halogen‐noble gas systems and the neighboring noble gas‐noble gas systems were obtained over the temperature range of 200 K to 1100 K. The parameters of Lennard‐Jones 6–12 potentials were also obtained for the chlorine and iodine atoms. The internal consistency of the diffusion constants calculated from the 6–12 potential parameters among the halogen atom‐noble gas systems is very good. However, the agreement was found to be only fair for the inert molecular systems with the chlorine atoms. The extent of the similarity of the diffusion constants between the atomic halogen‐noble gas and the noble gas‐noble gas systems is discussed.
Matrix Elements in Analytic Form for Displaced Linear Oscillators
Authors: Chen Kuo‐Mei
Published: June 2015

Analytic expressions of matrix elements of x″, exp(‐2cx) and exp(‐cx2/2) for displaced linear oscillators with unequal vibrational frequencies are evaluated.
Determination of Dialkyltin Compounds in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) by High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Row In‐Lin , Liu Yueh‐Lin , Whang Chen‐Wen
Published: June 2015

A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed for the analysis of dialkyltin compounds in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials. The PVC sample was first dissolved in tetrahydrofuran. Concentrated hydrochloric acid was then added to convert the dissolved dialkyltin stabilizers into the chloride forms, followed by extraction with hexane. The extracted dialkyltin chlorides were preconcentrated and were finally separated by HPLC. Separation was performed using a C18 column and an eluent of aqueous methanol containing 8‐hydroxyquinoline (oxine) as the completing agent. Photometric detection of the dialkyltin‐oxine complexes was carried out at 380 mm. Under optimum experimental conditions, the detection limits for dimethyltin, dibutyltin and dioctyltin are 1.7 ng, 2.1 ng and 2.9 ng (all as tin), respectively. Residual dialkyltin stabilizers in several commercially available PVC products were successfully analyzed via this method.
Mass Spectra of N‐Arylglycines and Substituted Aniline‐N,N‐Diacetic Acids
Authors: Lin Shaw‐Tao , Shiue Gong‐Yih
Published: June 2015

The electron impact mass spectra of eleven N‐arylglycines and seven substituted aniline‐N,N‐diacetic acids were obtained under 70 eV and 14 eV ionization energies. The fragmentation patterns are similar to those of α‐amino acids except for the degree of cleavage. The dehydration process of the diacetic acids may be considered as the characterestic process for this group of compounds.
Stationary Phases 21: A New Polar Substituted Triazine Stationary Phase for HPLC
Authors: Shieh Kuan‐Jiunn , Huang Chen‐Chia , Den Tschau‐Gan
Published: June 2015

A method for preparing a new polar substituted triazine stationary phase is described. The structure of the triazine phase on silica was characterized by elemental analysis, and by FTIR, solid state FT‐13C NMR, and 29Si NMR spectral analysis. The chromatographic properties of this packing material have been evaluated by using a number of different solutes, and the properties compared with those of a commercial stationary phase RP‐18. It is found that this triazine phase has weak π‐donor ligands on the silica surface.
Applicability of the Levich Equation for a Two‐Phase Solution in the Rotating Disk Electrode System
Authors: Lee Jeou‐Long , Shih Yen‐Shiang
Published: June 2015

The mass‐transter characteristics of a two‐phase system formed by mixing a fixed quantity (20 v/v%) of organic solvent with an aqueous ferricyanide electrolyte solution in an RDE system were studied. The Levich eqution, I1 = 0.62 nFACbD2/3v−1/6ω1/2, was found to be applicable to the two‐phase system with only a minor modification in the angular velocity (ω) at Reynolds numbers between 3–5 × 104. The experimental results indicate that the interfacial tension is the most important variable for the two‐phase system. One group of organic solvents with smaller interfacial tension, such as benzene or toluene, needs a modification of the Levich equation by replacing the observed angular velocity (ωo) with the true angular velocity (ωt) which was observed to be 1.1 times the observed angular velocity. For the other group with larger interfacial tension, such as n‐hexane or cyclohexane, there is no need to modify the observed angular velocity. In other words, the Levich equation may be expressed as I1 = 0.65 nFACbD2/3v−1/6ω1/2 for two‐phase solution if the interfacial tension is smaller than 37.0 dyne/cm.
Pyridazine Derivatives and Related Compounds, Part 1. Some Reactions with 4‐Cyano‐5,6‐Diphenyl‐2,3‐Dihydropyridazine‐3‐One
Authors: Deeb A. , Said S.A. , Hamed M.M. , Yasin F.
Published: June 2015

4‐Cyano‐5,6‐diphenyl‐2,3‐dihydropyridazine‐3‐onc 1 reacts with phosphorous oxychloride to give 70% of the corresponding 3‐chloro derivative 2. Treating 2 with anthranilic acid in butanol, 4‐cyano‐2,3‐diphenyl‐10H‐pyridazino[6,1‐b]quinoxaline‐10‐one, 3 was obtained. Compound 1 reacts with phosphorous pentasulphide to give 3‐mercapto derivative 4, which was converted by acrylonitrile to S‐(2‐cyanoethyl)pyridazine derivative 5. Compound 4 reacts with ethyl bromoacetate and with phenacyl bromide gave the corresponding thieno[2,3‐c] pyridazine derivatives 8, 9, Alkylation of 1 with ethyl chloroacetate afforded 3‐0‐carbethoxymethyl derivative 10. Compound 10 reacts with amines (aniline, hydrazine) to give the corresponding amide and acid hydrazide 13, 12 respectively. Hydrolysis of 10 with sodium hydroxide gave the corresponding acid derivative 11. Treating 1 with methyl iodide, 3‐0‐methyl derivative 14 was obtained, which was converted by ammonium acetate/acetic acid to 3‐amino‐4‐cyano‐5,6‐diphenyl pyridazine 15. Compound 1 reacts with methyl magnesium iodide gave 4‐acetyl derivative 16, which was reacted with hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine and with hydroxylamine to give the substituted I H pyrazolo [3,4‐c] pyridazine 17 a,b and isoxazolo [5,4‐c] pyridazine 18 derivatives respectively.
A Rapid Sample Preparation Method of Adriamycin from Plasma for HPLC Analysis
Authors: Lin Shan‐Yang , Wu Wen‐Hsiu
Published: June 2015

A rapid and comprehensive sample preparation method used to extract adriamycin from plasma has been investigated. The samples were passed through an Adsorbex extraction column with an elution solvent. The eluate was directly analyzed by reversed‐phase high performance liguid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector. This solid/liquid extraction method is simpler than the conventional liquid/liquid extraction method. Different elution solvents were used to extract the adriamycin from samples with and without serum. The mobile phase was found to be the optimal elution solvent: 5 mM orthophosphoric acid 62.5% in methanol; acetonitrile; isopropanol = 15:15:7.5, pH 3.2. This method has the merits of better recovery (98%), higher reproducibility, and reguires shorter time and consumes less solvent.
Polarography of Uranyl Complex with Chromotropic Acid
Authors: Chen Shou Nan , Gi Hung Jang , Hung S Song
Published: June 2015

The polarography characteristic of uranyl ion in chromotropic acid solution was investigated systematically over the pH range 2.0 to 10.0 with ligand concentrations varying from 0.010 M to 0.200 M. At pH 5.5, the one‐electron reversible reduction waves were obtained. The temperature coefficient of the half‐wave potential was obtained to be −0.32 mV per degree and the mean value of id/h1/2 is 0.340 ± 0.003. The electrode reaction is UO2(HA)24− + c = UO2(HA)2− + HA3−

Where pH 5.5, an irreversible and diffusion‐controlled wave was obtained. The diffusion coefficients and kinetic parameters of complex species were determined by deducing instantaneous equations.
Physico‐Chemical Characteristics and Formation Constants of Mono‐ and Binuclear Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Chelates with Phthaleincomplexone
Authors: Abd‐Elmottaleb Mohamed , Abu‐Elwafa Samy M. , Issa R.M.
Published: June 2015

A series of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of the type [M(PC)]2H2O and [M2(PC)]4H2O, where PC is phthaleincomplexone (metalphthalein), are synthesized. It is attempted to throw some light on (heir stoichiometry, structure and stability. The formation of 1:1 and 2:1 (M:L) complexes is confirmed by their elemental microanalysis. The compounds are characterized by IR, electronic absorption spectra, X‐band ESR spectra, magnetic moments and TGA measurements. The conditional stability constants are also determined.
Oxidative Dehydrogenation of 1‐Butene Over Magnetite
Authors: Liaw Biing‐Jye , Cheng Dong‐Shinh , Yang Sheng‐Jier , Yang Barry Lee‐Mean
Published: June 2015

Magnetite (FC3O4), a partially reduced iron oxide, has long been considered as inactive in the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene. By studying a clean Fe3O4 powder, we found that Fe3O4, similar to other spinel ferrites, is not only active, but also more active and selective than α‐Fe2O3. The active site densities and the desorption temperatures of oxidation products on Fe3O4 were also measured. Fe3O4 is, however, unstable under flow reaction conditions. Even if the bulk of the oxide is stabilized in the form of Fe3O4 at high temperatures and low O2/C4 ratios, its surface is gradually oxidized to a form close to α‐Fe2O3, resulting in a decrease in both the activity and selectivity. The restructuring of the FC3O4 surface is temperature dependent. At 300°C, the high selectivity and activity of a low‐surface‐area Fe3O4 can be long preserved even if the bulk is oxidized to α‐Fe2O3.
Synthesis of 2‐Arylthiopyrano[2, 3‐d]Pyrimidines and Thieno[2, 3‐D]Pyrimidines
Authors: El‐Bahaie S. , Assy M.G.
Published: June 2015

Diethyl thiopyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐6,7‐dicarboxylates 2a, b; thiopyrano[23‐d]pyrimidines 3a‐c and 4a‐c thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐6‐carbonitriles 5a‐c and thieno[2, 3‐d]pyrimidine‐6‐carboxamides 5d‐f have been prepared.
A Systematic Evaluation of Polyurethane as a Conformal Coating for the Inhibition of Corrosion on Electronic Components
Authors: Lin Yih‐Tsung , Hsien Chi‐Chen , Chang Jiin‐Chyuan , Liu Chong‐Yean
Published: June 2015

The corrosion of printed circuit boards can be effectively prevented with a polyurethane conformal coating. In this study, the protective performance of PU coating was investigated systematically through electrochemical measurements and simulated exposure/immersion tests. Some fungi tests were also included. All experimental results show that a polyurethane coating effectively inhibits corrosion on printed circuit boards. The optimal thickness of the coating film should be about 60 μm. Long‐term exposure tests showed that this coating material could preserve the reliability of the investigated printed circuit boards for more than 400 days in a 90% relative humidity environment at 25°C.
Synthesis of 2,6‐Disubstituted Fluorenones
Authors: Tsai Shiou‐Chuan , Liu Shiuh‐Tzung
Published: June 2015

Various 2,6‐disubstituted fluorenones 1a‐1g were synthesized by the dry salt decomposition of 5,4′ ‐disubstituted 2‐diazoniobenzophenone tetrafluoroborates 8a‐8g via Pschorr cyclization in reasonable yields.
A Study of Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reactions of Allylamino Dienenitriles
Authors: Fang Jim‐Min , Wang Yu‐Wen , Duh Jing‐Min , Cheng Ming‐Chu , Yu‐Wang
Published: June 2015

The intramolecular Diels‐Alder reactions of 2‐allylanilino 3,5‐heptadienenitriles (3) produced equimolar amounts of perhydroisoindoles 4 and 5, the structures of which were determined by spectral methods, but also by X‐ray diffraction of 4a.
The Cyclosilylation of Methylcatechols with Dichlorodiorganosilanes
Authors: Yang Mei‐Hui , Yen Feng‐Ji
Published: June 2015

Because the extensive dπ‐pπ interaction between silicon and oxygen, the monomeric five‐membered ring products, (methyl‐1,2‐phenylenedioxy)diorganosilanes, rather than dimers were synthesized from methylcatechols and dichlorodiorganosilanes. In addition to the five‐membered ring products, the more stable seven‐membered‐ring cyclodisiloxanes were found. From the X‐ray diffraction data of these sevenmembered‐ring disiloxanes, the latter were found to be free of ring strain and to have better conjugation than the five‐membered ring species in the Si‐O‐C(Ar) moiety of the molecules.
The Constituents of the Bark of Armand Pine
Authors: Fang Jim‐Min , Tsai Wei‐Yu , Cheng Yu‐Shia
Published: June 2015

Twenty three compounds were isolated from the bark of Pinus armandii. These compounds include nine serratenes (1‐9), a norserratenone 10, eight phenols 11‐18, two flavonoids 19‐20, one lignan 21, a diterpene 22 and a novel triterpendiol acetonide 23. Their structures were determined from their physical and spectral properties.
Degradation of Lignin Model Compounds in Organic Solvents. Part 1. Preliminary Studies
Authors: Aoyama Masakazu , Chen Chen‐Loung , Robert Danielle
Published: June 2015

Preliminary studies were conducted on the degradation of guaiacylglycerol‐β‐aryl ether (β‐O‐4′), phenylcoumaran (β‐5′) and biphenyl (5–5′) type lignin model compounds in the organic solvent systems such as ethanol‐water (1:1, v/v) and 2‐butanone‐water (1:1, v/v), in the presence of a di‐ or trivalent inorganic salt to act as a Lewis acid in the temperature range 140–170°C and with a reaction time up to 60 minutes. The inorganic salts investigated include aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, and stannic chloride. The results indicate that lignin model compounds of both phenolic and non‐phenolicβ‐O‐4′ types are susceptible to degradation in organic solvent systems in the presence of one of these salts. Stannic chloride was found to be the most suitable catalyst for the degradation of β‐O‐4′ type lignin model compounds in the organic solvent systems. In contrast, lignin model compounds of β‐5′ and 5–5′ types did not undergo degradation under the same reaction conditions. A possible reaction mechanism for the degradation of β‐O‐4′ type lignin model compounds in organic solvent system in the presence of stannic chloride is discussed.
Oscillator Strength Calculations with the Compromised Orbitals
Authors: Chang Tse‐Chiang , Chen Shing‐Yih
Published: June 2015

The oscillator strength has been calculated from a common set of compromised orbitals, instead of sets of the two separately optimized non‐orthogonal orbitals for the two states involved in the transition. Inaccuracies of two types arose from the calculations were assessed by investigating simple atomic and molecular systems.
Mössbauer Spectroscopic Studies of the Hydroxofluorostannate(IV) Complexes
Authors: Cheng Hwa‐Sheng
Published: June 2015

Mössbauer isomer shifts of 119Sn in a series of complexes K2Sn(OH)6‐mFm observed at 78 K were −0.05, −0.05, −0.24, −0.27 and −0.40 mm s−1, respectively, for m=0, 2, 4, 5 and 6. These IS values were linearly related to both m and (the average Pauling electronegativity of the ligands): . The IS straight line was compatible within experimental error with the one reported by Parish and Row‐botham for the hexahalogenostannate complexes SnX4Y22, namely, The revised IS straight line including both series of complexes could be expressed by the equation Quadrupole splittings observed in the complexes of m = 2,4 and 5 were 1.16, 0.80 and 0.73 mm s−1 respectively. They were linearly related to both m and .
Structures of Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Complexes of 14‐Membered Macrocyclic Quadridentate Ligands
Authors: Lu Tian‐Huey , Chung Chung‐Sun , Ashida Tamaichi
Published: June 2015

The structures of 41 Ni(II) and 17 Cu(II) complexes of macrocyclic quadridentate ligands have been analyzed, and are discussed about bond lengths, bond angles, conformations, and configurations, upon which many conclusions are formed. The inter‐ or intra‐molecular hydrogen bonds exist among ligands and hydrates in many compounds and play an important role in the structures. There are exhibited two distinct peaks on the histogram of the average Ni‐N distances, corresponding to four coordination and six coordination; these average Ni‐N distances are 1.95(4) Å and 2.10(5) Å, respectively. The most probable structures of Ni(II) macrocyclic compounds have coordination number six for the metal ion, chair forms for six‐membered rings, planar structure for the metal ion and the four donor atoms of the quadridentate ligand and an inversion center at the central metal ion.
The Syntheses and Crystal Structures of cis‐[Bis(diphenylphosphino)methane][1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphlno)ethane] dicarbonylmolybdenum(O) and cis‐[1,2‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane] [cis‐1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino) ethylene]dicarbonylmolybdenum(0)
Authors: Ueng Chuen‐Her , Lee Ryh‐Sheng
Published: June 2015

The title compounds, Mo(CO)2(Ph2PCH2PPh2)(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2), Mo(CO)2(dppm)(dppe) 1, and Mo(CO)2(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)(Ph2PCH = CHPPh2), Mo(CO)2(dppe)(cis‐vpp) 2, were prepared from Mo(CO)6 and the corresponding bidentate diphosphine ligands in n‐decane under nitrogen atomosphere. Crystals of 1 are monoclinic, space group P 21/c, with a = 19.072(3), b = 11.348(3), c = 23.57(1) Å, β = 99.64(3)°, Z = 4, and the final residual R(F) = 0.044 for 4810 observed reflections; data of 2 are triclinic, space group P 1, with a = 12.091(3), b = 12.186(8), c = 18.934(5) Å, α = 96.93(4),β = 108.15(2), γ = 107.08(4)deg;, Z = 2, and the final residual R(F) = 0.058 for 4570 observed reflections. The distortion of compound 1 is more pronounced than that of compound 2, The two Mo‐P lengths in the same bidentate chelate ligand for both compounds are different. Among them, the two larger Mo‐P bond lengths for compound 2 are similar, but significantly different for 1.
Spectral Studies and Cathodic Reduction of some Thiazolylazo Derivatives
Authors: El‐Shahawy Anwar S. , Ismail Mohamed T. , Ahmed Seddique M.
Published: June 2015

The structure of the 2‐thiazolylazosalicylic acid molecule, TAS, has been determined by means of quantum SCF‐CI calculations. The ionization potential and the electron affinity of TAS molecule were calculated to have the values 9.057 and 2.56 eV respectively. The solvation energies in different solvents, and the bond orders of the TAS molecule were calculated for the neutral state, the oxidized form (the cation) and the reduced form (the anion). Mixed solvent studies were carried out with TAS and 2‐benzothiazolylazosalicylic acid (BTAS), using polar solvents (EtOH and MeOH) to confirm the formation of a solvent‐solute complex. The azo group in the TAS molecule nas a considerable contribution in the SCFLUMO; thus cathodic reduction has been focused on the azo group and was verified experimentally by cathodic reduction.
The Mass Spectra of Some 3,4‐Disubstituted Sydnones
Authors: Tien Hsien‐Ju , Fang Gwo‐Ming , Lin Shaw‐Tao , Tien Ling‐Ling
Published: June 2015

Thirty‐one mass spectra of the 3,4‐disubstituted sydnones have been measured under EI conditions. The fragmentation processes are cleavage of the 4‐substituent and a channel with loss of CO and NO. The competitive fragmentations depend upon the nature of the substituent on C(4).
Reactions of Diethyl [(3‐Bromomethyl‐2‐Thienyl)‐Methylene]Propanedioate with Hydrazines: Syntheses of Dihydropyridazines, Pyridazines and O‐Dimethylaminomethylarenecarbonitriles
Authors: Sha Chin‐Kang , Tsou Chiu‐Peng
Published: June 2015

Facile syntheses of dihydropyridazines, pyridazines, and o‐dimethylaminomethylarenecarbonitriles have been achieved by the retro‐malonate addition reaction. Bromoalkylidenemalonates 1,7, and 10 were treated with hydrazine to give dihydropyridazines 4, 8, and 11 in quantitative yields. DDQ or air oxidation of 4, 8, and 11 gave pyridazines 5, 9, and 12, Alternatively, treatment of 1, 7, and 10 with 1,1‐dimethylhydrazine afforded o‐dimethylaminomethylarenecarbonitriles 6,13, and 14 in good yields.
Transformation of “Masked” 1,3‐Diols of Protected α‐D‐Erythro‐Hexopyranoside into Acyclic Forms. Chirons for Amphotericin B and Tetrin A
Authors: Liang David Woei‐Ming , Fraser‐Reid Bert
Published: June 2015

Methyl 3‐O‐benzyl‐2,4‐dideoxy‐D‐erythro‐hexopyranoside 1a, a chiron for the C1‐C6 segment of amphotericin B and tetrin A, has been successfully converted to aldehyde 3; chloride 5d and iodide 7c in high yields, which are the acyclic forms of 1,3‐diols.
Transformation of “Masked” 1,3‐Diols of 1,2‐O‐Isopropylidene‐α‐D‐Erythro‐Hexofuranose into Acyclic Forms. Chirons for Amphotericin B
Authors: Liang David Woei‐Ming , Fraser‐Reid Bert
Published: June 2015

3,5‐Dideoxy‐1,2‐O‐isopropylidene‐α‐D‐erythro‐hexofuranose 1 was readily converted to dithianyl amide 8, which is a convenient acyclic form of 1,3‐diol, in high yield.
A Useful Method for Oxidative Deoximation with Photooxygenation
Authors: Kuo Yueh‐Hsiung , Jang Tay Lang
Published: June 2015

Photooxygenatlon of oximc derivatives in methanolic sodium hydroxide solution at ice temperature enabled the recovery of the parent ketones in high yield. This method is useful to deprotect a ketoxime.
The Effect of Iodide Ion in Phase‐Transfer Catalytic Syntheses of Benzyl Esters
Authors: Yeh Mou‐Yung , Hwu Dyi‐Hwa , Hwang Chyi , Hwang Tsao‐Kuan , Shih Yen‐Ping
Published: June 2015

In order to examine the effect of iodide ions on reaction catalyzed by phase‐transfer technique, we made kinetic studies, under the influence of added Na1, on the synthesis of benzyl esters from benzyl chloride and sodium carboxylate. These carboxylates include sodium acetate, sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and sodium formate; the catalyst was a quaternary ammonium salt. The results reveal that iodide ions at a suitable concentration accelerate the reaction, whereas iodide ions in excess poison the catalyst. The optimum concentration varies with the reaction system. This critical concentration depends upon the distribution coefficient of the intermediates formed in the reactions.
The Chemical Constituents from the Aerial Part of Rosa laevigata
Authors: Fang Jim‐Min , Wang Kuang‐Chaun , Cheng Yu‐Shia
Published: June 2015

Eleven chemical constituents were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the aerial part of Rosa laevigata Michx. These compounds include the Henze's ketol (16), diethyl malate (17), three γ‐lactones (18‐20), loliolide (21), p‐coumaric acid (22), 6,7‐dimethoxycoumarin (23) and three flavonoids (24‐26). The new compounds 19 and 20 were determined to be the cis‐ and trans‐isomers of ethyl 2‐benzyl‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐oxo‐3‐furancarboxylate.
The Fragmentation of α, α′ ‐Dicyanoxylenes Under Electron Impact
Authors: Lin Shaw‐Tao , Lin Wen‐Chung
Published: June 2015

Under electron impact, 3‐ and 4‐dicyanoxylenes produce the [M‐40]+ ion in a process involving the formation of stable tropylium cation intermediates.
Ab Initio Construction of Quasiadiabatic Potential‐Energy Surfaces for Cycloaddition Reactions of Ethene and Substituted Allylic Cations
Authors: Lee Tieh‐Sheng , Ou Ming‐Chiu , Gau Yang‐Fang , Lien Min‐Hsiung
Published: June 2015

The nature of some well known 2π + 2π cycloaddition reactions was studied by explicit construction of the quasiadiabatic potential‐energy surfaces for the cycloaddition of ethene and various monosubstituted allylic cations. Such surfaces determined by ab initio MO computations are particularly suitable for analysis of symmetry selection rules. By examining the characteristics of such surfaces, we have studied the substituent effect and the role played by the positive charge in such systems. Qualitative discussion based on simplified MO, involving fewer electrons, is also given.
Synthesis and Spectra of 3‐Benzoyl‐5‐formyl‐2‐methylpyrrole‐5‐aroylhydrazones
Authors: El Sadek Mohamed M. , Faidalla Hassan M. , Hassan Seham Y.
Published: June 2015

Eleven aroylhydrazone derivatives of 3‐benzoyl‐5‐formyl‐2‐methylpyrrole (3‐13) have been prepared, and their 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral fragmentation arc discussed. Acetylation and oxidative cyclization to 1,3,4‐oxadiazole mercuric complexes (17‐20) were also carried out.
Steric and Inductive Effects on Ionic Association in Aqueous Solutions Using an ion Selective Electrode Technique. II. Magnesium Salts
Authors: Emara M. M. , Elbary H. M. Abd , Wasfi A. M. , Shehata H. A. , Bakr M. F.
Published: June 2015

The stoichiometric association constants, K, the thermodynamic association constants, KA, and the thermodynamic parameters ΔS°, ΔH°, ΔG° for the association between Mg(II) ion with o‐, m and p‐toluates,o‐,m, and p‐chlorobenzoates, and o‐, m‐ and p‐bromobenzoates have been determined at 15°C, 25°C, 35°C and 45°C in aqueous media. Ion selective electrodes were used to measure the Mg2 + activities.

The trends in the association behavior of Mg(II) salts of aromatic acids connot be explained on the basis of steric effects but can be explained according to the trend of the pKa of the parent organic acids, and the Hammett function, σ, of the salts themselves relative to the corresponding benzoate salt.
Crown‐Ether Phase‐Transfer Catalysts for Reduction of Ketones, Oxidation of Olefins and Polymerization of p‐Xylenedibromide
Authors: Lin Yueh‐Shuang , Shih Jeng‐Shong
Published: June 2015

Various homogeneous and heterogeneous crown ether catalysts were prepared and applied as phase transfer catalysts for some reductions, oxidations and polymerizations. Among various crown ethers, 15‐crown‐5 seems the best to catalyze the reduction of ketones and aldehydes with sodium borohydride in nonpolar aprotic solvents. A granular entrapped 15‐crown‐5‐polyacrylamide catalysts was also prepared and applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for these reductions which seem to obey pseudo‐first‐order kinetics with rate constant 10−4–105 s−1. The steric effects of ketones and the effects of temperature and concentration of crown ethers, sodium borohydride and carbonyl compounds were also investigated. Among various crown ethers, 18‐crown‐6 is the best to catalyze the oxidation of olefins such as styrene, xylene and stilbene with potassium permanganate. Crown ethers were successfully applied as catalysts for anionic polymerization of p‐xylenedibromide with sodium dithionite as an initiator.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroesterification of Alkenes in the Presence of Molecular Hydrogen
Authors: Lin Ivan J. B. , Liao J. C. , Chuang C. C.
Published: June 2015

The effects of molecular hydrogen on the palladium‐catalyzed alkene‐alcohol‐carbon monoxide and alkene‐formate reactions have been studied. Yields of esters were generally increased, especially in the alkene‐formate reaction, in which an improvement up to 46% yield has been observed. A possible explanation is proposed in which the molecular hydrogen promotes the oxidative addition of formate to palladium. Decarbonylation of formate ester is unlikely to be the initial step.
Coordination Chemistry of Sulfonyl Amides. 2 The Crystal Structure of Copper(II) and Silver(I) Complexes of N, N‐4‐Toluenesulfonyl‐2‐Pyridylaminato Ligand
Authors: Lee Chor‐Fain , Peng Shie‐Ming
Published: June 2015

Three structures containing the N,N‐4‐toluenesulfonyl‐2‐pyridylaminato ligand are presented. The brown crystal of Cu2L4 (L =N,N‐4‐toluenesulfonyl‐2‐pyridylaminato) was found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2,/c with a = 15.762(12), b = 15.552(5), c = 20.505(11) Å, β = 104.14(7)°; V = 4874(5) Å3;Z = 4; the final RF = 0.050, RWF = 0.049 for 5142 observed reflections and 612 variables. The Cu‐Cu distance is small, 2.516(2) Å and the complex is diamagnetic at room temperature. The colorless crystal of Ag2L was found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2t/n with a = 9.620(2), b = 5.625(2), c − 23.250(3) Å, Å = 94.72(1)°; V = 1254.0(5) Å3; Z = 2; the final RF = 0.027; RWF = 0.028 for 1929 observed reflections and 164 variables. The Ag‐Ag distance is 2.739(1) Å The green crystal of CuL2 (py)2was found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21 with a = 9.366(2), b = 20.615(7), c = 9.862(2) Å,β = 116.73(2)°; V = 1700.5(8) Å3; Z = 2; the final RF = 0.037; RWF = 0.038 for 1636 observed reflections and 423 variables. A reversible transformation between Cu2L4 and CuL2(py)2 is reported.
Acyl and α‐Ketoacyl Complexes of Pt(II) with Weak Donor Ligands
Authors: Chen Jwu‐Ting , Yeh Yu‐Sung , Tzeng Wen‐Hwa , Huang Tsang‐Miao , Cheng Ming‐Chu , Lee Geen‐Hsiang , Wang Yu
Published: June 2015

Treatment of trans‐Pt(COCOPh)(Cl)(PPh3)2 (1a) with AgBF4in THF led to the formation of a metastatic complex trans‐[Pt(COCOPh)(THF)(PPh3)2](BF4) (2) which readily underwent ligand substitution to give a cationic aqua complex trans‐[Pt(COCOPh)(OH2)(PPh3)2](BF4) (5a). Complex 5a has been characterized spectroscopically and crystallographically. Analogous reaction of trans‐Pt(COCOOMe)(Cl)(PPh3)2 (1b) with Ag(CF3SO3) in dried CH2C12 was found first to yield a methoxyoxalyl triflato complextrans‐Pt(COCOOMe)(OTf)(PPh3)2 (6). Attempts to crystallize the triflato product in CH2‐cl2hexane under ambient conditions also afforded an aqua complex of the triflate salt f/wu‐[Pt(COCOOMe)(OH2)(PPhj)2](CF3SO3) (5b). Complex 5a in a noncoordinating solvent such as CH2C12 or CHCl3 suffered spontaneous decarbonylation to form first cis‐[Pt(COPh)(CO)(PPh3)2l(BF4) (3a) then the thermodynamically stable isomer trans‐[Pt(COPh)(CO)(PPh3)2](BF4) (3b). Crystallization of complex 3b under ambient conditions resulted in an aqua benzoyl complex trans‐[Pt(COPh)(OH2)(PPh3)2](BF4) (7). The replacement of the H2O ligand in complex 7 by CO was done simply by bubbling CO into the solution of 7. The single crystal structures of 5b and 7 have been determined by X‐ray diffraction. The distances of the Pt‐O bonds in 5a, 5b, and 7 support that the aqua ligand is a weak donor in such cationic aquaorganoplatinum(lI) complexes, in agreement with their lability to the substitution reactions.
Reactions of Tungsten Propargyl and Allenyl Complexes with Hydrido Triosmium Cluster: Molecular and Crystal Structure of Cp(CO)2[P(OMe)3]W(μ, η1, η2‐CH2CH=CH)OS3(CO)10H and H2(CH2CH = CH)2Os6(CO)20
Authors: Tseng Tian‐Wen , Chen Ming‐Chou , Keng Rai‐Shing , Lin Ying‐Chih , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Wang Yu
Published: June 2015

Reactions of H2Os3(CO)10, 3, with the monophosphite‐substituted and non‐substituted tungsten propargyl and allenyl carbonyl complexes Cp(CO)2LWCH2C≡CH (1a, L = CO; 1b, L = P(OMe)3) and Cp(CO)2LWCH = C = CH2 (2a, L = CO; 2b, L = P(OMe)3) were investigated. In the reaction of 1b with 3, a tetranuclear complex 4b is obtained. The molecules of 4b crystallize as Cp(CO)2[P(OMe)3]W(μ, η1, η2‐CH2CH=CH)(μ‐H)Os3(CO)l0 in space group PI with a = 9.490 (4), b = 13.072 (7), c = 13.770 (9) Å, α = 91.89 (5), β = 106.71 (5), γ = 104.07(4)°, V = 1577(2) Å3, Z = 2. In the reaction of 2a with 3, from the reaction mixture exposed to air followed by workup using silica‐gel packed column chromatography, a complex consisting of two triosmium clusters bridged by a hexadiene ligand from the coupling of allenyl ligand was obtained. The molecules of the hexanuclear complex crystallize as [CH2CH = CH)2(μH)2OS6(CO)20in space group P21/c with a = 14.448 (7), b = 13.689 (4), c = 19.224 (4) Å, β = 107.14(3)°, V = 3633 (2) Å Z = 4.
The Permanganate Oxidation of Triethylamine; Evidence for the Formation of Manganate Ion in Potassium Permanganate/Triethylamine Reagent
Authors: Li Wen‐Shan , Ou Gau‐Min , Tzeng Michael , Liu Lilian Kao
Published: June 2015

The active oxidant of KMnO4/Et3N reagent has been verified as potassium manganate by ultraviolet spectrometry, and the final oxidation product as manganese(IV) oxide by iodometric titration.
Flavonoids from the Roots of Scutellaria Luzonica Rolfe
Authors: Lin Yun‐Lian , Ou Jun‐Chih , Chen Chieh‐Fu , Kuo Yueh Hsiung
Published: June 2015

Seventeen flavonoids were isolated from the roots of Scutellaria luzonica Rolfe. These compounds in elude thirteen flavones (1–13), two flavanones (14–15), a chalcone (16) and a flavone glucoside (17).
INDO‐MO Model with s‐p‐d Separation
Authors: Chen Cheng , Lu Li‐Hwa , Yang Yung‐Wei
Published: June 2015

A newly developed semiempirical method, “the INDO‐MO model with s‐p‐d separation” is introduced. Based on the assumption of the equivalent basis functions in the set for each angular‐momentum quantum number, the average type electronic repulsion integrals of 3d orbitals are suggested. Similar to our former s‐p‐d separation CNDO‐MO formulation, the proportionality factor K01 for the bonding parameter for each period of the periodic table is proposed for our method of semiempirical calculation.
The Synthesis and Structure of (1‐(Diphenylphosphino)‐1 ‐ (Phenylthio)Ferrocene)Tricarbonyliron(O) (ptppf)Fe(CO)3
Authors: Adebanjo Adeleke J. , Liu Ling‐Kang
Published: June 2015

The complex (ptppf)Fe(CO)3 has been prepared in high yield by the reaction of ptppf, l‐(diphenyl‐phosphino)‐l'‐(phenylthio)ferrocene, with (cis‐cyclooctene)2‐Fe(CO)3 in THF at −60°C. The complex has been characterized by IR, 31P NMR, mass spectrometry and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. This compound is the first example of a ferrocenyl ligand having both sulfur and phosphorus donor atoms bound to a Fe(CO)3 moiety. X‐ray crystallography shows that the two cyclopentadienyl rings are approximately eclipsed, a rotation of 13° from exactly eclipsed conformation. The tricarbonyl iron center has a trigonal bipyramidal geometry with sulfur occupying the equatorial site and phosphorus the axial site. Crystals of (ptppf)Fe(CO)3 are monoclinic, with a = 11.645(2), b = 14.304(1), c = 17.075(2) Å,β = 109.23(3)°, Z = 4, and space group P 21/n. The structure was solved according to the heavy‐atom method and refined by full‐matrix least‐squares procedures to R = 0.037 for 2098 reflections with I ≥ 2.5σ(I).
Acetohydroxamate Resin as Column Packing for Ion Chromatography
Authors: Chen Min‐Jane , Fang Jia‐Der , Liu Chuen‐Ying
Published: June 2015

A chelating resin with acetohydroxamate functional groups was synthesized and used as the stationary phase in ion chromatography for the determination of copper. As the reaction mechanism was mainly complexation, the coordination behavior of the synthesized resin toward Cu(II) was studied by means of EPR, IR and electronic spectrometry and potentiometry. The kinetic study shows that the resin is suitable for use in ion chromatography. We employed a resin column 250 mm long by 3 mm I.D. in conjunction with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and acetone as mobile phase for the determination of Cu(II). Detection of the chromatography system was carried out via post‐column derivatisation of the column effluent with PAR at 520nm. The detection limit is 0.22ppm, and the relationship was linear in the range 0.25‐1.20ppm. We investigated the effect of other metal ions, As(V), Cd(II), Cr(III), Hg(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), or foreign ligands, EDTA, ascorbic acid, humic acid or sodium chloride on the determination of Cu(II) ion. A concentration column packed with acetohydroxamate resin combined with the above separation system was also used to determine of copper ion; the dynamic range is 2‐15 ppb and the detection limit is 0.70ppb. The proposed system was applied to the analysis of Cu(II) in sea water.
Precipitation Behavior of Metal Ions in the Preparation of YBa2Cu3Oy and (Bi, Pb)2(Sr, Ca)4Cu3Oy Superconductive Materials in 8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐diethylamine Media
Authors: Chen Dian‐Hau , Sheen Shyang‐Roeng , Chang Chau‐Ting , Shei Cheng‐Yie , Hurng Weir‐Mirn
Published: June 2015

To prepare the YBa2Cu3Oy (Y‐123) and (Bi, Pb)2(Sr, Ca)4Cu3Oy (Bi‐2223) superconductive materials, coprecipitation was used with 8‐hydroxyquinoline (oxine) as precipitant to ensure complete precipitation. Various aspects of competitive reactions such as dissociation, precipitation, complex formation and association in the aqueous solution system containing metal ions, oxinate ion and diethylamine species have been explored in order to discover the optimal coprecipitation conditions of the title system. Experiments were conducted to confirm these conditions.
Molecular Structure of Diperchloratotetraphenylporphinatotin(IV)
Authors: Lee Wen‐Bin , Suen Shin‐Chu , Hong Fung‐E , Chen Jyh‐Horung , Jong Ting‐Ting , Hwang Lian‐Pin
Published: June 2015

X‐ray diffraction data and NMR spectra of diperchloratotetraphenylporphinatotin(IV), Sn(tpp)(ClO4)2 provide evidence for a monodentate perchlorato group coordinated to the Sn(IV) atom. The molecule Sn(tpp)(ClO4)2 displays an octahedral coordination geometry for the tin atom and its crystal belongs to the monoclinic space group P21/n with a = 11.241(3), b = 14.644(3), c = 12.173(3) Å,β = 111.18(2)°, and Z = 2. The structure was solved by direct method, 3996 unique reflections having I > 3σ(I) measured with an automated diffractometer were used to refine the crystal structure to a conventional R factor 0.0431. The tin(IV) ion is centered on a planar tpp moiety. The geometry at the octahedral coordination centre of the Sn(tpp) (ClO4)2 molecule has Sn‐O(perchlorate) = 2.181 Å and Sn‐N = 2.073 Å.
Reactions of Benzoyl Isothiocyanate with Active Methylene Reagents: A Novel Synthesis of Thiophene, Thiazoline and Thieno[2,3‐d]Pyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Mohareb Rafat Milad , Aziz Suzan Ibrahim , Saved Nadia Iskander Abdel , Shams Hoda Zaki
Published: June 2015

Various derivatives of thiophene, thiazoline and thienopyrimidine have been synthesized via the reaction of active methylene reagents (la‐j) with benzoyl isothiocyanate in the presence of potassium hydroxide, followed by the subsequent treatment of the potassium salt intermediates 2a‐j with phenacyl bromide or ethyl chloroacetate. The stability of the formed adducts 3 and 12 or their selective cyclization depends on both the nature of the active methylene reagent and the α‐halocarbonyl compounds.
Intercalation of Polyaniline in Montmorillonite and Zeolite
Authors: Chang Te‐Chung , Ho Shih‐Yeng , Chao Kuei‐Jung
Published: June 2015

The anilinium ion was encapsulated into the interlayer space of montmorillonite and the intrachannel space of NaY zeolite by the ion exchange method. After addition of ammonium peroxodisulfate, the loaded anilinium ions were polymerized to polyaniline (PAN). The structures of PAN in NaM and CsM are compared with that in NaY by means of UV‐Vis, FTIR and EPR spectroscopies. The structures of PAN in NaY zeolite and montmorillonite hosts were shown to have the typical spectral features of emeraldine base and emeraldine salt respectively. Intercalation of polyaniline in montmorillonite was confirmed by the variation of the basal spacing, the resonances in EPR and the reduction of bulk conductivity.