bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cleaning performance of electric toothbrushes around brackets applying different brushing forces: an in-vitro study
Authors: Rominger Reto L. , Patcas Raphael , Hamza Blend , Schätzle Marc , Wegehaupt Florian J. , Hersberger-Zurfluh Monika A.
Published: March 2024

Throughout treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances, effective plaque control is crucial to maintaining dental health. This in-vitro study evaluated the cleaning performance of eleven different brush heads of seven electric toothbrushes (oscillating-rotating and sonic motions) and varying brushing forces around orthodontic brackets. Six Mini Diamond® Twin brackets were placed on black-stained front teeth. Teeth were coated with white titanium oxide and brushed in a machine six times for one minute with two different brushing forces (1 N and 1.5 N). Eleven different brush heads were evaluated (either oscillating-rotating or sonic movements). The teeth were scanned and planimetrically evaluated after brushing. Three detailed plaque areas (DPAs) were created: proximal (< 1 mm to bracket), mid-tier (1–2 mm to bracket), and distant (> 2 mm to bracket). The proportion of contaminated proximal, mid-tier, and distant surfaces (white regions) in relation to the respective DPA was calculated. Independent of brushing forces, places with a higher distance (> 2 mm) to the orthodontic bracket had the least amount of residual contamination, followed by areas with a minor (1–2 mm) and proximal distance (< 1 mm). In all of the brushes tested and for both estimated brushing forces, the region with the highest residual contamination was the proximal area. The brush heads of the Paro® Sonic toothbrush left the least amount of residual contamination. The cleaning performance of electric toothbrushes around brackets on upper incisors varied across the brushes examined. The proximal area has the most residual contamination. Furthermore, 9 out of 11 toothbrushes cleaned more successfully with 1.5 N than with 1 N brushing force.
Climate change, thermal anomalies, and the recent progression of dengue in Brazil
Authors: Barcellos Christovam , Matos Vanderlei , Lana Raquel Martins , Lowe Rachel
Published: March 2024

Dengue is rapidly expanding its transmission area across Brazil and much of South America. In this study, data-mining techniques were used to identify climatic and demographic indicators that could explain the recent (2014–2020) and simultaneous trends of expansion and exacerbation of the incidence in some regions of Brazil. The previous circulation of the virus (dengue incidence rates between 2007 and 2013), urbanization, and the occurrence of temperature anomalies for a prolonged period were the main factors that led to increased incidence of dengue in the central region of Brazil. Regions with high altitudes, which previously acted as a barrier for dengue transmission, became areas of high incidence rates. The algorithm that was developed during this study can be utilized to assess future climate scenarios and plan preventive actions.
Development of a rock-bit interaction analytical model by considering the in-situ stresses for a bottom-hole element
Authors: Zafarian Habiballah , Ameri Mohammad Javad , Dolatyari Alireza
Published: March 2024

PDC drill bits are an important part of drilling engineering, but improper selection or design can lead to decreased performance and increased costs. Then, accurate modeling of rock-bit interaction for Oil/gas well drilling is critical. Although several mathematical models are presented for this purpose, they have not been able to present a comprehensive model for the rock-bit interaction. In-situ stresses in real drilling conditions affect the force required for rock failure. However, the models proposed so far either have not considered the effects of in-situ stresses or have assumed that the rock failure angle in the downhole conditions is equal to the one calculated in the atmospheric conditions. In this work, after reviewing the background of studies conducted on the rock and bit interaction, with an analytical method, stresses applied to the bottom hole element are examined, including stresses resulting from bit and in-situ stresses. Based on the principle of superposition, the total stress imposed on the bottom hole element is calculated to determine the angle and force of rock cutting. Finally, a novel mathematical model of rock-bit interaction in vertical and deviated oil/gas wells drilling by Considering In-Situ Stresses is presented. Also, the study compares the current model to the Nishimatsu and Xin Ling models using data from a southwest field in Iran. The results show that the simplifying assumption made by previous models leads to a significant underestimation of the failure angle and the amount of force required to the rock failure, with reductions of up to 21% and 48%, respectively, in the case of a vertical well. In an inclined well, the current model predicts cutting force at about 0.14 of that predicted by the previous model.
Muscle strength and foot pressure vary depending on the type of foot pain
Authors: Lee Jin Hyuck , Hwang Jangsun , Park Hyungyu , Kang Hyunoh , Song Wonkyu , Choi Doo-Ah , Seong Cheul-Hun , Jang Woo Young
Published: March 2024

This study compared muscle strength and foot pressure among patients with metatarsalgia, patients with plantar fasciitis, and healthy controls. A total of 31 patients with foot pain (14 metatarsalgia and 17 plantar fasciitis) and 29 healthy controls participated in the study. The strengths of the plantar flexor and hip muscles were measured using isokinetic and handheld dynamometers, respectively. Foot pressure parameters, including the pressure–time integral (PTI) and foot arch index (AI), were assessed using pedobarography. Compared with the healthy control group, plantar flexor strength was significantly reduced in the affected feet of the metatarsalgia and plantar fasciitis groups (F = 0.083, all p < 0.001); however, hip strength was significantly decreased only in the affected feet of the metatarsalgia group (F = 20.900, p < 0.001). Plantar flexor (p < 0.001) and hip (p = 0.004) strength were significantly lower in the metatarsalgia group than in the plantar fasciitis group. The PTI was lower in the forefeet of the affected feet in the metatarsalgia (p < 0.001) and plantar fasciitis (p = 0.004) groups. Foot AI (p < 0.001) was significantly reduced only in the metatarsalgia group. These results suggest the need to consider the evaluation of muscle strength and foot pressure in both feet for the diagnosis and treatment of foot pain.
Uniformly dispersed ruthenium nanoparticles on porous carbon from coffee waste outperform platinum for hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media
Authors: Sukhbaatar Bayaraa , Qing Wang , Seo Jinmyeong , Yoon Sanghwa , Yoo Bongyoung
Published: March 2024

Biowaste-derived carbon materials are a sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective way to create valuable materials. Activated carbon can be a supporting material for electrocatalysts because of its large specific surface area and porosity. However, activated carbon has low catalytic activity and needs to be functionalized with heteroatoms, metals, and combinations to improve conductivity and catalytic activity. Ruthenium (Ru) catalysts have great potential to replace bench market catalysts in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) applications due to their similar hydrogen bond strength and relatively lower price. This study reports on the synthesis and characterizations of carbon-supported Ru catalysts with large surface areas (~ 1171 m2 g−1) derived from coffee waste. The uniformly dispersed Ru nanoparticles on the porous carbon has excellent electrocatalytic activity and outperformed the commercial catalyst platinum on carbon (Pt/C) toward the HER. As-synthesized catalyst needed only 27 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2, 58.4 mV dec−1 Tafel slope, and excellent long-term stability. Considering these results, the Ru nanoparticles on coffee waste-derived porous carbon can be utilized as excellent material that can replace platinum-based catalysts for the HER and contribute to the development of eco-friendly and low-cost electrocatalyst materials.
Workplace digitalization and workload: changes and reciprocal relations across 3 years
Authors: Zacher Hannes , Rudolph Cort W.
Published: March 2024

This article reports the results of a 33-wave longitudinal study of changes in, and reciprocal relations between, workplace digitalization and workload. Monthly data were collected between April 2020 and December 2022 from n = 1661 employees in Germany. Based on theoretical models of workplace information and communication technology use, stress, and coping, we hypothesized both positive and negative within-person effects of digitalization on workload, and vice versa. Results of an autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals (ALT-SR) showed on-average positive linear trajectories in digitalization, but not in workload over time. Moreover, higher digitalization was associated with subsequently higher levels of workload, and vice versa. This pattern of results suggests a dynamic, reciprocal process wherein positive deviations from one’s average trajectory of digitalization (workload) are associated with subsequently higher levels of workload (digitalization). We additionally find evidence for linear trends in these within-person processes, suggesting that the strength of the within-person effects of digitalization on workload, and of workload on digitalization, becomes more strongly positive over time. Practitioners developing work design interventions could focus on ways to reduce the detrimental impact of digitalization on increased workload, while simultaneously encouraging the potential of digitalization to help employees cope effectively with their workload.
Model of zonular forces on the lens capsule during accommodation
Authors: Schachar Ronald A. , Schachar Ira H. , Kumar Shubham , Feldman Eitan I. , Pierscionek Barbara K. , Cosman Pamela C.
Published: March 2024

How the human eye focuses for near; i.e. accommodates, is still being evaluated after more than 165 years. The mechanism of accommodation is essential for understanding the etiology and potential treatments for myopia, glaucoma and presbyopia. Presbyopia affects 100% of the population in the fifth decade of life. The lens is encased in a semi-elastic capsule with attached ligaments called zonules that mediate ciliary muscle forces to alter lens shape. The zonules are attached at the lens capsule equator. The fundamental issue is whether during accommodation all the zonules relax causing the central and peripheral lens surfaces to steepen, or the equatorial zonules are under increased tension while the anterior and posterior zonules relax causing the lens surface to peripherally flatten and centrally steepen while maintaining lens stability. Here we show with a balloon capsule zonular force model that increased equatorial zonular tension with relaxation of the anterior and posterior zonules replicates the topographical changes observed during in vivo rhesus and human accommodation of the lens capsule without lens stroma. The zonular forces required to simulate lens capsule configuration during in vivo accommodation are inconsistent with the general belief that all the zonules relax during accommodation.
Shared structure of fundamental human experience revealed by polysemy network of basic vocabularies across languages
Authors: Liang Yuzhu , Xu Ke , Ran Qibin
Published: March 2024

How are concepts related to fundamental human experiences organized within the human mind? Our insights are drawn from a semantic network created using the Cross-Linguistic Database of Polysemous Basic Vocabulary, which focuses on a broad range of senses extracted from dictionary entries. The database covers 60 basic vocabularies in 61 languages, providing 11,841 senses from 3736 entries, revealing cross-linguistic semantic connections through automatically generated weighted semantic maps. The network comprises 2941 nodes connected by 3573 edges. The nodes representing body parts, motions, and features closely related to human experience occupy wide fields or serve as crucial bridges across semantic domains in the network. The polysemous network of basic vocabularies across languages represents a shared cognitive network of fundamental human experiences, as these semantic connections should be conceived as generally independent of any specific language and are driven by universal characteristics of the real world as perceived by the human mind. The database holds the potential to contribute to research aimed at unraveling the nature of cognitive proximity.
Cumulative nitrogen enrichment alters the drivers of grassland overyielding
Authors: He Miao , Barry Kathryn E. , Soons Merel B. , Allan Eric , Cappelli Seraina L. , Craven Dylan , Doležal Jiří , Isbell Forest , Lanta Vojtěch , Lepš Jan , Liang Maowei , Mason Norman , Palmborg Cecilia , Pichon Noémie A. , da Silveira Pontes Laíse , Reich Peter B. , Roscher Christiane , Hautier Yann
Published: March 2024

Effects of plant diversity on grassland productivity, or overyielding, are found to be robust to nutrient enrichment. However, the impact of cumulative nitrogen (N) addition (total N added over time) on overyielding and its drivers are underexplored. Synthesizing data from 15 multi-year grassland biodiversity experiments with N addition, we found that N addition decreases complementarity effects and increases selection effects proportionately, resulting in no overall change in overyielding regardless of N addition rate. However, we observed a convex relationship between overyielding and cumulative N addition, driven by a shift from complementarity to selection effects. This shift suggests diminishing positive interactions and an increasing contribution of a few dominant species with increasing N accumulation. Recognizing the importance of cumulative N addition is vital for understanding its impacts on grassland overyielding, contributing essential insights for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem resilience in the face of increasing N deposition.
The consequences of viral infection on protists
Authors: Queiroz Victoria Fulgencio , Tatara Juliana Miranda , Botelho Bruna Barbosa , Rodrigues Rodrigo Araújo Lima , Almeida Gabriel Magno de Freitas , Abrahao Jonatas Santos
Published: March 2024

Protists encompass a vast widely distributed group of organisms, surpassing the diversity observed in metazoans. Their diverse ecological niches and life forms are intriguing characteristics that render them valuable subjects for in-depth cell biology studies. Throughout history, viruses have played a pivotal role in elucidating complex cellular processes, particularly in the context of cellular responses to viral infections. In this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of the cellular alterations that are triggered in specific hosts following different viral infections and explore intricate biological interactions observed in experimental conditions using different host-pathogen groups.
Earlier spring greening in Northern Hemisphere terrestrial biomes enhanced net ecosystem productivity in summer
Authors: Ren Yijia , Qiu Jianxiu , Zeng Zhenzhong , Liu Xiaoping , Sitch Stephen , Pilegaard Kim , Yang Tianyao , Wang Sheng , Yuan Wenping , Jain Atul K.
Published: March 2024

The northern terrestrial biomes are being remarkably altered by climate change. Higher springtime temperature induces the earlier greening of vegetation, which may further influence ecosystem functions during the subsequent season. However, the response of summer net ecosystem productivity to spring vegetation greenness and phenology changes has not yet been quantified. To understand the impact of such phenological changes on terrestrial carbon sink of the following season, here we integrate remotely-sensed vegetation data and model simulations of carbon flux with an explainable machine learning approach. We find that the lagged effects of widespread earlier spring greening are increasing the summer ecosystem carbon sink across the northern vegetated areas (30° to 90°N) from 1982 to 2015. In particular, response disparities exist in non-agricultural biomes, and the vegetation with moderate tree coverage is more sensitive to earlier spring greening. Furthermore, modest tree restoration can strengthen the beneficial effects of earlier spring greening. This study improves our understanding of interseasonal vegetation-climate-carbon coupling that drives the key ecological feedback within climate change projections.
A framework for estimating the anthropogenic part of Antarctica’s sea level contribution in a synthetic setting
Authors: Bradley Alexander T. , Bett David T. , Holland Paul R. , Williams C. Rosie , Arthern Robert J. , Rydt Jan De
Published: March 2024

The relative contributions of anthropogenic climate change and internal variability in sea level rise from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are yet to be determined. Even the way to address this question is not yet clear, since these two are linked through ice-ocean feedbacks and probed using ice sheet models with substantial uncertainty. Here we demonstrate how their relative contributions can be assessed by simulating the retreat of a synthetic ice sheet setup using an ice sheet model. Using a Bayesian approach, we construct distributions of sea level rise associated with this retreat. We demonstrate that it is necessary to account for both uncertainties arising from both a poorly-constrained model parameter and stochastic variations in climatic forcing, and our distributions of sea level rise include these two. These sources of uncertainty have only previously been considered in isolation. We identify characteristic effects of climate change on sea level rise distributions in this setup, most notably that climate change increases both the median and the weight in tails of distributions. From these findings, we construct metrics quantifying the role of climate change on both past and future sea level rise, suggesting that its attribution is possible even for unstable marine ice sheets.
Effects of oxygen vacancies and interfacial strain on the metal–insulator transition of VO2 nanobeams
Authors: Guo Xitao , Liu Xin , Zafar Zainab , Cheng Guiquan , Li Yunhai , Nan Haiyan , Lin Lianghua , Zou Jijun
Published: March 2024

This work demonstrates the crucial roles of oxygen vacancies and interfacial strain in controlling the MIT in VO2 NBs and elucidates the physics behind MIT modulation based on crystal field theory and first-principles calculations.
Squaramide-based receptors in anion supramolecular chemistry: insights into anion binding, sensing, transport and extraction
Authors: Picci Giacomo , Montis Riccardo , Lippolis Vito , Caltagirone Claudia
Published: March 2024

Squaramides are a class of extremely versatile receptors for anion recognition, sensing, transport and extraction.
Dietary lipoic acid alleviates autism-like behavior induced by acrylamide in adolescent mice: the potential involvement of the gut–brain axis
Authors: Ye Jin , Fan Hua , Shi Renjie , Song Ge , Wu Xiaoning , Wang Danna , Xia Bing , Zhao Zhenting , Zhao Beita , Liu Xuebo , Wang Yutang , Dai Xiaoshuang
Published: March 2024

Lipoic acid (LA) ameliorated acrylamide (ACR)-induced social impairment in adolescent mice. Lipoic acid (LA) reshaped gut microbiota and its metabolites. Lipoic acid (LA) regulated serum amino acid level.
Probing the pH-dependency of DC-SIGN/R multivalent lectin–glycan interactions using polyvalent glycan-gold nanoparticles
Authors: Basaran Rahman , Ning Xinyu , Budhadev Darshita , Hondow Nicole , Guo Yuan , Zhou Dejian
Published: March 2024

DC-SIGN displays distinct pH-dependent binding with GNP-DiMan, strong tetravalent binding to single GNP-DiMan at pH 7.4, weak crosslinking at pH 5.4, and no apparent binding at pH 4.6, consistent with its biological role as an endocytic recycling receptor.
Orientation of reduced graphene oxide in composite coatings
Authors: Thorshaug Knut , Didriksen Terje , Jensen Ingvild Thue , Almeida Carvalho Patricia , Yang Juan , Grandcolas Mathieu , Ferber Alain , Booth Andy M. , Ağaç Özlem , Alagöz Hüseyin , Erdoğan Nursev , Kuban Anıl , Belle Branson D.
Published: March 2024

In composite coatings containing 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane functionalised rGO (APTES-rGO), the flakes are distributed in the matrix and appear to lie along the plane of the substrate.
A versatile modification strategy to enhance polyethylene properties through solution-state peroxide modifications
Authors: Yolsal Utku , Neal Thomas J. , Richards James A. , Royer John R. , Garden Jennifer A.
Published: March 2024

Utilisation of low-cost organic peroxides to introduce long-chain branching into commodity polyethylene via a solution based methodology, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties.
Functionalisation of alkali-resistant nanoporous glass via Au nanoparticle decoration using alkaline impregnation: catalytic activity for CO removal
Authors: Tada Kohei , Tsujiguchi Masato , Tominaga Takumi , Iwao Masaru , Sakurai Hiroaki , Jin Tetsuro , Maeda Yasushi
Published: March 2024

This study demonstrates that a nanoporous glass can be decorated with Au nanoparticles using an alkali impregnation method. The resulting composite exhibits high catalytic activity in CO oxidation.
Digital Pareto-front mapping of homogeneous catalytic reactions
Authors: Orouji Negin , Bennett Jeffrey A. , Sadeghi Sina , Abolhasani Milad
Published: March 2024

We present a digital framework for rapid multi-objective reaction space exploration and optimization of homogeneous catalytic reactions through autonomous experimentation and Bayesian optimization.
Mechanistic insights into electrocatalytically reduced OER performance in marigold-like trimetallic NiFe-based LDH: charge localisation and d-band orbital filling
Authors: Deka Suvankar , Jaiswal Manju Kumari , Rajput Parasmani , Choudhury Biswajit
Published: March 2024

Reduced water oxidation in a trimetallic LDH caused by charge localization due to phonon confinement and hindrance in delocalization of π symmetry electrons in the M–O–M′ moiety.
Application of transition-edge sensors for micro-X-ray fluorescence measurements and micro-X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy: a case study of uranium speciation in biotite obtained from a uranium mine
Authors: Yomogida Takumi , Hashimoto Tadashi , Okumura Takuma , Yamada Shinya , Tatsuno Hideyuki , Noda Hirofumi , Hayakawa Ryota , Okada Shinji , Takatori Sayuri , Isobe Tadaaki , Hiraki Takahiro , Sato Toshiki , Toyama Yuichi , Ichinohe Yuto , Sekizawa Oki , Nitta Kiyofumi , Kurihara Yuichi , Fukushima Shigeru , Uruga Tomoya , Kitatsuji Yoshihiro , Takahashi Yoshio
Published: March 2024

Interference free distribution and speciation analysis of uranium are achieved by using a transition-edge sensor for microbeam X-ray measurements in the hard X-ray region.
High-temperature stable hydroxyls tuning the local environment of Pt single atoms for boosting formaldehyde oxidation
Authors: Xiao Mingyi , Zhang Lina , Zheng Shuzhe , Fang Ling , Sun Tulai , Li Yonghe , Tan Mingwu , Zhang Jianghao , Zhu Yihan , Tian Jinshu , Xiong Haifeng
Published: March 2024

Controlling the local microenvironment of Pt sigle atoms via thermal shock boosted the catalytic activity in formaldehyde oxidation.
Facet-dependent catalysis of γ-Bi2MoO6 for selective oxidation of isobutene to methacrolein
Authors: You Haiyang , Liu Shuang , Ta Na , Li Yong , Shen Wenjie
Published: March 2024

γ-Bi2MoO6 nanosheets catalyzed the selective oxidation of isobutene to methacrolein with a conversion of 88% and a selectivity of 67% due to the preferential termination of the reactive molybdenum species on the {010} facets.
Storage stability, nutritional profiling and consumer acceptability of a milk-sorghum-based breakfast smoothie
Authors: Rani Rekha , Sabikhi Latha , M. H. Sathish Kumar
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted to estimate the storage stability of a milk-sorghum-based functional breakfast smoothie (MSBS).
A phenothiazine and semi-cyanine based colorimetric and fluorescent probe for the rapid detection of hypochlorous acid
Authors: Lin Zhongchao , Wang Xuefei
Published: March 2024

A fluorescent probe XL was constructed for the sensitive and selective detection of HClO in aqueous solution. Probe XL enables imaging of HClO in cells and zebrafish.
A cucurbit[8]uril based supramolecular assembly and its potential applications for the removal of dye and antibiotic from an aqueous medium
Authors: Shi Lulu , Wang Lin , Li Mingchun , Liu Mei
Published: March 2024

A CB[8]-based supramolecular assembly was used as a high efficiency absorbent to remove common use dye amaranth red (AMR) and an antibacterial drug of broad-spectrum sulfadiazine sodium (SFZ) in aqueous solution.
Non-equivalent Mn4+ doping in mixed-anion host of K3Na(MoO2F4)2·H2O achieving short fluorescence lifetime and intense zero phonon line
Authors: Qu Qiao , Zhang Haiyan , Ji Haipeng
Published: March 2024

The parity-selection rule for the Mn4+ d → d intra-configurational transition becomes relaxed after placing it into Mo6+-based distorted octahedra, which induced an oxyfluoride phosphor with fast decay and intense zero phonon line emission.
Polyionic liquid ionogels formed via hydrophobic association for flexible strain sensors
Authors: Ren Hao , He Xiaoling , Long Yan , Li Qianqian , Li Saisai , Zhou Xuanping
Published: March 2024

A series of self-healing polyionic liquid ionogels based on hydrophobic association were designed and fabricated for application in strain sensors.
Solution-processed dendrimer-based bis-tridentate iridium(iii) complexes with red, green, and blue phosphorescence for white OLEDs
Authors: Pandit V. , Jang J. , Ranasinghe C. S. K. , Burn P. L. , Puttock E. V. , Shaw P. E.
Published: March 2024

Blue, green, and red emitting solution-processable first-generation dendrimers featuring bis-tridentate iridium(iii) complex cores are blended in a single emissive layer to provide organic light-emitting diodes that emit a warm white light.
Segmental and Syllabic Articulations: A Descriptive Approach
Authors: Svensson Lundmark Malin , Erickson Donna
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

This article reports on jaw articulation, in connection with the segmental articulations of tongue tip and lips. The jaw is considered a syllable articulator as it opens and closes for each syllable, and the amount of jaw opening is related to syllable strength, given the same phonemic vowel. Here, we investigate the syllabic and the segmental articulations relationships to the acoustic segments.

Method:

We analyze electromagnetic articulography data of 18 Southern Swedish speakers by testing hypotheses based on the Descriptive Approach to Segmental Articulations. In this approach, articulatory movements are divided into fast intervals and steady states, and the crucial (“primary”) articulators' deceleration and acceleration peaks align with the acoustic segment boundaries.

Results:

Previous findings on the lips and the tongue tip are confirmed. New results are the jaw as noncrucial (“nonprimary”) does not align with the acoustic segment boundaries: Its steady states are shorter than consonant and vowel segments. Moreover, place of articulation of the coda affects the jaw cycle, while syllable type only affects jaw closing. No such effects are found on the edges of the jaw cycle, instead only gender affects jaw deceleration at syllable onset.

Conclusions:

The jaw is not crucial for the timing of the acoustic segment boundaries; also, syllable borders seem to not be affected by place of segmental articulation. The results strengthen the view of the jaw as syllable articulator providing a frame and the other articulators (e.g., lips and tongue tip) as the segmental articulators providing the content.
Towards intelligent transportation system: A comprehensive review of electronic toll collection systems
Authors: Shahrier Mahir , Hasnat Arif , Al‐Mahmud Jobaer , Huq Armana Sabiha , Ahmed Sakib , Haque Md. Khorshadul
Published: March 2024

Electronic toll collection system (ETCS) devices on vehicles communicate wirelessly with road head devices at toll stations. ETCS is preferred in countries because it is more convenient and efficient than manual toll collection. However, the scattered and constant innovations in this sector require a bridge between worldwide ETCS usage and advancements and a single page to grasp this sector's developments to ensure further developments. Following a systematic review, this study examined ETCS worldwide and technology adaption considering the scopes, limitations, usages, and related technology of the ever‐developing electronic toll collection system. Existing ETCS technologies have been investigated and synchronized with ingrowing tech disparity to overcome the research synchronization gap. The study also included a bibliometric assessment to identify the important areas of research, technologies most used, degree of knowledge generated, growth/trend of the researches, most well‐known authors, keywords, countries, documents, source of publication, and so on considering time‐to‐time changes. The study provided bibliometric solutions to the gap of lack of synchronization of research worldwide and even ETCS implementation difference within a country, which complicated collaboration with the central system and linked organizations and made it difficult for users to adapt the system.
The Identification of Early Blight Disease on Tomato Leaves Utilizing DenseNet Based on Transfer Learning
Authors: Dermawan Budi Arif , Awalia Nani , Suharso Aries , Masruriyah Anis Fitri Nur
Published: March 2024

Early blight disease initiated by the fungus Alternaria solani causes reduced tomato harvests of up to 86%. Identification of these diseases manually was prone to identification errors. Thus, it was required to involve deep learning to reduce oversight. This study aimed to determine the performance of the CNN pre-trained model, namely DenseNet based on transfer learning, for identifying early blight disease in tomatoes. The transfer learning technique was carried out by changing the last layer in the model used. The total image data of as many as 3,000 datasets consisting of early blight, healthy, and other disease types were divided into training, validation, and testing data. The data was trained to employ eight different modeling scenarios based on the percentage of data sharing and a combination of hyperparameter tuning. The evaluation results obtained the A4 model as the best model, which uses 2,400 training data, 300 validation data, and 300 testing data. Using a dense layer of 8 neurons, as well as the Adam optimizer with a learning rate of 0.00001. The model succeeded in obtaining validation accuracy values of 91.33%, testing accuracy of 90%, average precision of 90%, average recall of 90%, and testing time of 1.75 seconds. In addition, during the model testing process, it was found that the model was less optimal if it identified new data with conditions and background images that blended with the identified leaf objects.
Classification of Mobile Application User Ratings Based on Data from Google Play Store
Authors: Baihaqi Kiki Ahmad , Sediyono Eko , Dewi Christine , Widiasari Indrastanti R. , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: March 2024

This research is a comparison using 3 (three) algorithms, namely Lo- gistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Support Vector Machine in senti- ment analysis about the JMO application, as the main means for participants in the employment social security program, which plays a crucial role in providing services that meet participants' needs well. This research aims to compare three different classification algorithms for sentiment analysis in the Jamsostek mobile application. The process involves several stages, including data collection (Crawling), word separation (tokenizing), normalization, removal of common words (Stopword), and word simplification (Stemming). After the processing stage, the data is labeled and classified using a comparison of three algorithms. The results of the 3 tweet category algorithms tend to be positive and negative. From the Logistic Regression algorithm, the accuracy level achieved was 84.78%, the precision was 87.24%, and the recall was 62.16%, then the Support Vector Machine algorithm achieved an accuracy level was 89.13%, the precision was 86.67%, and the recall of 76.88%, and the KNN algorithm produced an ac- curacy level of 88.59%, precision of 91.07%, and recall of 71.88%.
LSTM and Word Embedding: Classification and Prediction of Puskesmas Reviews Via Twitter
Authors: Tukino  , Hananto Agustia , Nanda Rizki Aulia , Novalia Elfina , Sediyono Eko , Sanjaya Jabar
Published: March 2024

Puskesmas is a location for top-notch volunteer work that benefits the village and city governments alike. Therefore, patient feedback regarding the kinds of services offered by the community health center is required in an attempt to improve the quality service performance. Patient opinions can be expressed through reviews or opinions about the quality of patient care on social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, and Instagram. On the other hand, thoughts shared on social media are lengthy, unstructured texts. This complicates text analysis and makes it impossible to compare the caliber of services offered by Puskesmas managers. Furthermore, a number of Community Health Centers lack websites that allow users to rank Community Health Centers according to user interest and visual appeal and efficiency in operations. Thus, the purpose of this study is to classify and present sentiment analysis from Twitter about community health centers' health services. The scope focuses on five factors: administrative services, finances, mechanisms, health worker friendliness and skills, and administrative services. The LSTM word embedding model and the adadelta and adamax optimizers are used in word embedding for text mining. A confusion matrix was used to evaluate the developed model's degree of accuracy in categorizing and forecasting patient reviews. Results from the LSTM and Adamax models with a precision level of 76%, Recall 69% and Accuracy 71%. The results of this research show that the LSTM method and Adamax optimizer can classify and predict public opinion data about Puskesmas services via Twitter quite well. A high level of accuracy is very important to ensure that community opinions can be properly identified by the model, so that it can support the decision-making process in improving the type of Puskesmas services. To improve the model, further studies can be conducted on how to select parameters, select features, and create a quality dataset.
UI/UX Design of Plant Seedling Sales and Tracking System Using Design Thinking Method
Authors: Muthia Nada Fathi , Setiawan Agus , Sukmasetya Pristi
Published: March 2024

In this developing era, technology is increasingly advanced and makes it easier for humans to help with their activities. After the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), people got used to online shopping. Another impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is that many people are interested in caring for plants. This new hobby has increased interest in plant seeds for plant sellers. Many of these plant fans buy plant seeds online. This application aims to help people who want to shop for plant seeds easily and with good quality. Because these plant seeds cannot be airtight for more than 5 days, we provide a feature to track orders so you can find out the location of the order. Therefore, this application is designed to provide solutions to make trading easier. In this design, we use the design thinking method which consists of empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping, and testing. With the Design Thinking approach, the researcher successfully addressed user issues through the development of the Dagang.in application. The integration of features such as Tracking, Trade, Notifications, and others enhances the User Experience (UX) and User Interface (UI) of the Juragan Kebun application. Usability testing of the prototype with five respondents demonstrated success, reflected in a high satisfaction score of 4.5 out of 5.
Oil and Grease Contamination of Raw Water for Drinking Purposes in Karawang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Gina Lova , Kasasiah Ahsanal , Utami Marsah Rahmawati , Sadidan Ikhwanussafa , Amethysia Nur Ridha
Published: March 2024

Raw water for drinking purposes in Karawang Regency has been taken from irrigation canals where the water comes from one of the most polluted rivers in the world, the Citarum River. In addition, domestic waste disposal in irrigation canals increases the threat of pollution load enhancement, especially oil and grease. The current study aims to identify oil and grease contamination in raw water for drinking purposes along irrigation canals throughout Karawang Regency. A total of 33 composite samples were taken along the irrigation canals (50 km) in Karawang Regency and analyzed using the gravimetric method, following Indonesian National Standard No. 03-7016-2004 and APHA-AWWA and WEF No. 5520F. In the current study, the presence of Cr6+, Hg, As, Cd and Pb in all water samples was also identified using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The results showed that oil and grease levels in 21 of 33 samples exceeded the quality standards regulated in Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22/2021, with 1.20-162.80 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L, respectively. It indicated that the water has decreased in quality and cannot be directly used as raw water for drinking purposes. Meanwhile, heavy metals were found in low concentrations, almost undetectable along the waters.
Integrating Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) for Carbon Sequestration Monitoring in Tropical Watershed
Authors: Danardono  , Taryono  , Al-Faqih M. Syaifuddin
Published: March 2024

The watershed has many functions related to ecosystem protection. The existence of vegetation in the watershed can absorb some carbon from the atmosphere through photosynthesis. In fact, this carbon sequestration potential is declining due to vegetated land conversion phenomena. Therefore, monitoring carbon sequestration in this area needs to be done. However, it faces a problem due to the large size of the watershed area in a tropical region, so carbon sequestration cannot be measured by field-measurement. By combining RS and GIS, the carbon sequestration in a large watershed can be measured frequently to solve the problem. This research aims to analyze the dynamic change of carbon sequestration in Upper Bengawan Solo from 2000 until 2020. In this research, carbon sequestration was modelled using the Net Primary Productivity (NPP). NPP was measured by using the CASA method used Landsat Imagery and Meteorological Data from Meteorological Agency of Indonesia (BMKG). The results show that the carbon sequestration in Upper Bengawan Solo over 20 years decreased. The most significant decrease happens in the sub-urban area surrounding the urban area in Surakarta city. It indicates an environmental change in this watershed due to physical or human interference during this period. Meanwhile, by using RS and GIS, the spatial distribution of carbon sequestration change can be known, so it can be used to pinpoint the location which needs prior attention based on the higher level of these changes. This research implies that combining RS and GIS can help carbon sequestration monitoring be quicker and cost-limited.
The Direction of the City Gas as Clean Energy in Indonesia with the Work Force as the Moderator
Authors: Prima Andry , Pramadika Havidh , Dahani Wiwik , Rinanti Astri , Uno Prana Ugiana
Published: March 2024

The distribution of city gas to consumers as clean energy has expanded. Despite its expansion, the trend can run into a drop in consumer demand. This can be the case if factors that control its growth are improperly managed. Hence, regulating the variables are of critical relevance. The data movement from year to year continues to show an expanding tendency with reference to the Indonesian city gas industry. This study can further improve knowledge of Indonesia's city gas distribution industry and to paint a clearer picture of a number of latent variables that need to be taken into account in order to distribute natural gas to Indonesian cities as efficiently as possible. The Structured Equation Technique (SEM)was the methodology employed in this investigation. In a more detailed explanation, the association between indicators and latent variables is examined using path analysis, which is derived from multivariate regression, in order to assess the validity of the multiple regression model. In keeping with the research methodology, data from indicators of city gas distribution companies during the period 2010-2020 were grouped and sorted by the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency. These indicators included income, the number of employees paid, the volume of city gas distributed, and operational costs. The purpose of this research is to produce information that can be used by the government and other stakeholders to accelerate the development of Indonesia's gas distribution business. This study's novelty or worth lies in its ability to shed light on the influence of latent variables that hold the status as moderating variables. Study limitations: Because non-disclosure primary data are not readily available and secondary data are scarce, it is assumed that the information from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency is reliable and can be used to describe the explanatory variables of the city gas distribution industry in Indonesia.
Land Treatment Polystyrene Bioremediation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria
Authors: Agustria A. , Fachrul Melati Ferianita , Tazkiaturrizki  , Rinanti Astri
Published: March 2024

Products made from plastic material are commonly found in our life. Polystyrene is a type of plastic synthesises. In the nature, polystyrene is known to be recalcitrant due to its complex structural molecule. Number of studies reported that the existence of polystyrene plastic presents various threats for sea animals such as zebra fish, sea urchin’s early development gene, and lowered crustaceans’ life expectancy. This literature study was conducted by collecting various information on polystyrene pollution in the environment and the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria to degrade polystyrene. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 x 108 cell/ml) bacteria was cultured in 25 ml liquid carbon-free basal medium and 1 gram polystyrene on 25oC temperature for 15 days. The result shows that the compound was able to degrade 0.098% of polystyrene per day with yield constant of 1,111,111.11. This literature study will be continued on pilot scale by conducting experiment of polystyrene biodegradation on an area that is previously added with liquid carbon-free basal medium by land treatment method with dimensional size of 3m x 1.5m x 0.3m with additional 1.35 m3 LFCBM (liquid carbon-free basal medium).
Prototype Design and Construction of 450 VA Permanent Magnetic Sync Generator for Vertical Axis Wind Power Generator House Scale with Low Wind Speed
Authors: Saepudin Asep , Dharmanto Asep , Sholih Hilman
Published: March 2024

Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is a mechanical electrical machine that can convert motion energy into electrical energy which has two main parts, namely a rotor using permanent magnets and a stator without an iron core which the machine uses for low and low rotations. load torque used as a generator. The driving force for Wind Power Plants (PLTB) which we know is alternative and renewable power plants, the energy source is wind which continues to exist and is easily available, another reason for the need to develop permanent magnet generators for PLTB is the reduction of petroleum, other fossil energy, subsidies continue to cut materials fuel oil for power generation which increases the price of electricity per KWH as well as a global commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. the need for electricity for the community and the high price of electricity as well as the difficulty of installing electricity with a capacity of 450 VA, this study aims to make a prototype of a laboratory-scale permanent magnet generator for wind power plants for residential homes that allows it to be placed close to the ground, no need to be directed towards the wind. blowing, can generate electricity with wind speed from 2.5 m/s, easy operation and low cost. The research method in this study is to conduct a literature study, conduct a wind source mapping survey from several sources to obtain wind speed data nationally, design a prototype and design a permanent magnet generator prototype and finally simulation with calculation capacity of the prototype. The design of the permanent magnet generator prototype for the Wind Power Plant has 12 poles with a rotor speed of 500 rpm (revolution per minute) with capacity of 450 VA.
Development of Driver Behavior Research on Vehicles: Article Review
Authors: Munahar Suroto , Munadi M. , Purnomo Bagiyo Condro , Fatoni Husni Rakhmawan
Published: March 2024

Driver behavior is a variable that significantly influences fuel use, which is a very concerning issue due to the high cost of fossil fuels caused by the limited amount of energy in the market. Therefore, several breakthroughs have been conducted to realize vehicles with high fuel efficiency. This is in addition to the continuous study of electric, hybrid, gas, and fuel cell vehicles, as well as the development of intelligent control systems. Research on driver behavior has been carried out with several variables, however, none have been conducted on this factor related to fuel consumption. This research aims to review the development of driver behavior as the supporting variable in vehicles. Data were collected from dozens of scientific articles stored in search engines, such as Science Direct, Scopus, Springer link, and ProQuest. The articles found were then filtered based on the closeness with the themes discussed, hence only 13 were reviewed and grouped into five research theme areas. These include car, safety systems, vehicle and emission control, as well graphic display themes. The results provided an overview of the potential development of driver behavior in the future.
Combustion Velocity Constant of Gasoline-Metanol-(Ethanol) Blend Using the Single Droplet Combustion Method
Authors: Damara Alvin , Waluyo Budi , Saefudin
Published: March 2024

Now days, the use of fossil fuels is still the most widely used energy source. This condition causes its availability to start depleting and it has an impact on worsening air quality. Biofuel can improve air problems when used as a substitute or mixture of fossil fuels. Methanol is a potential candidate because it is cheap and easy to produce. The problem of gasoline-methanol fuel blends has been solved by adding a certain amount of ethanol. But the combustion speed characteristics have not been disclosed which is one of the urgent properties of SI Engine fuel. This study aims to measure the combustion speed in a homogeneous gasoline-methanol - (ethanol) blend from previous studies. The method used in this study is the single droplet combustion method. From the test results, the speed of gasoline - methanol - (ethanol) blend burning is faster than pure gasoline, one of which is due to the micro-explosion phenomenon that accelerates the rate of combustion. The more methanol-(ethanol) blend causes the flame to become less and micro-explosion phenomena.