bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of parenthood in worry about overheating in homes and implications for energy use
Authors: Huebner Gesche
Published: March 2022

Climate change brings an increase in temperatures and a higher frequency of heatwaves. Both have been linked to a rise in suicide rates and violent crime on a population level. However, little is known about the link between mental health and ambient temperatures on an individual level and for particular subgroups. Overheating poses health risks to children and disturbs sleep; leading to the expectation that parents are more worried about their homes getting too hot than non-parents. We conducted two online survey studies (N = 1000 each) in the UK and the US to understand to what extent parents and an age-matched comparison group without children are worried about overheating and how they differ in their mitigation actions. Findings did not support the main hypotheses around greater overheating worry amongst parents in general, mothers or those with very young children. However, parents indicated a greater likelihood to upgrade / install air-conditioning (US) and to get electric fans (UK). Parents in the UK indicated using more mitigation options to cope with overheating. Parents in the US, whilst not reporting doing more actions, were more likely to use air-conditioning to deal with overheating than non-parents. Finally, those parents who mentioned health impacts for children as a reason for worry about overheating, were more concerned about overheating than parents who had other reasons than children’s health as a reason for being concerned about overheating. In summary, parental status might have implications for cooling energy use and if concerned for children’s health for overheating worry; however, many open questions remain.
Gender differences in Dutch research funding over time
Authors: Albers Casper J , van der Molen Sense Jan , Bol Thijs
Published: March 2022

In 2015, the Dutch research council, NWO, took measures to combat gender bias disadvantaging female applicants in a popular three-tiered funding scheme called the Talent Programme. Using all available data for the last 10 years of applications, we study whether these measures had an effect. We find strong statistical evidence of a shift in gender effects in favour of female applicants in the first tier, called Veni. Gender differences are not found in the two other tiers, the Vidi and Vici schemes.
Management of category IV C-shaped canal in mandibular second molar: A report of two cases
Authors:   Post graduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, DAPM RV Dental College, Bengaluru-560078, Karnataka, India, Poornima Prabhavathi , Atul U R ,   Post graduate student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, DAPM RV Dental College, Bengaluru-560078, Karnataka, India, Prasad B S Keshava ,   Professor, Head of Department, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, DAPM RV Dental College, Bengaluru-560078, Karnataka, India
Published: March 2022

Root canal therapy aims to clean, shape and debride the entire pulp space followed by its three dimensional obturation with an inert root filling material. Anatomic variations can complicate the steps of identifying, negotiating and managing aberrant canals thereby affecting the prognosis of endodontic treatment. The C shaped configuration is one such variation that often poses a challenge in debridement and obturation. Recent advances in radiography, magnification, irrigation and obturation techniques aid effective management of C shaped root canals. This article presents the management of two cases with C shaped canals using CBCT imaging, ultrasonic irrigation and thermoplasticized obturation techniques.
OĞUZ TANSEL’İN MASAL DÜNYASINA PSİKANALİTİK BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: TUNÇ Abdurrahim , YILDIZÖZ Şarefettin
Published: March 2022

20. yüzyılda Sigmund Freud’un etkisiyle bir bilim hâline gelen psikanaliz, edebî yapıtların eleştirisinde önemli yer tutmaktadır. Freud’un bilinç ve bilinçdışı kavramlarına dayanan bu yöntemle; yapıtlarda yer verilen bilinçdışı yapılar, ögeler ve semboller ortaya konmaktadır. Jacques Lacan, Freudcu psikanalizi yeniden okuyarak psikanalizin nesnesi olarak bilinçdışını göstermektedir. Lacan’ın “Bilinçdışı bir dil gibi yapılanmıştır.” savı Lacancı psikanalizin temel noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Freud’un rüya, dil sürçmesi, histerik, saplantılı belirtiler gibi bilinçdışı oluşumlarını, Saussure’un dil bilim kuramıyla sentezlemiştir. Lacan’ın, Saussure’un gösteren ile gösterilen kavramları ile Freud’un bilinçdışı oluşumlarını harmanlayarak yeniden okuması Lacancı psikanalizin en temel noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Halkın ortak hayallerini, arzularını, isteklerini, yaşam algısını yansıtan bir tür olarak masallar, bilinçdışı unsurları çokça barındırmaktadır. Toplumların geçmişten günümüze ürettikleri masalların kaynağında yer alan bilinçdışına itilen bastırılmış duygu, istek ve arzuların varlığı yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Masalın doğası içerisindeki kurgu, okur tarafından çözümlenmesi gereken simgesel unsurları çokça barındırmaktadır. Semboller, imgeler ve dil bilimsel ifadeler bir nesne arayışı olarak bilinçdışına giden yola işaret etmektedir.
Bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yönteminin veri toplama tekniklerinden olan doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, Oğuz Tansel’in Altı Kardeşler (1959), Yedi Devler (1960), Üç Kızlar (1963) ve Mavi Gelin (1966) başlığını taşıyan dört masalındaki bilinç ile bilinçdışı unsurların işlerliği ve bilinçdışı unsurlarla bezenmiş iletilerin çocuk okura olan etkisi, Psikanalitik halkbilim kuramı çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Bu yöntemle masallarda yer alan imge ve semboller çözümlenmiş, toplumsal bilinçaltının yansımaları betimlenmiştir.
A Review: Clinical Application of Electromyography in Abdominal Organs’ Smooth Muscle Diseases
Authors: Zhao Gang , Wang Zhijie , Zhao Gang
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Lesions in abdominal organs’ smooth muscles would obstruct organs from regular functions and lead to diseases. In regarding improve the precision of diagnosis with minimal suffering, electromyography (EMG) is developed to monitor smooth muscle activity and instruct diagnosis.
Aim: This review aims to summarize and analyse past literature to discuss the present progress of EMG development and clinical application in monitoring abdominal organs’ smooth muscle diseases, focusing on the uterus, urinary system, and gastrointestinal tract.
Results: EMG is a reliable tool to monitor smooth muscle activity based on the propagation of action potential with minimal lesions to the human body. Accuracy and the ability to automatically analyse signals are essentials for present EMG development, where some deficiencies can be complemented by other approaches.
Significance: This review describes how EMG is currently applied in clinical studies to help diagnose and establish a better understanding of abdominal organs’ smooth muscle diseases. The findings will help future research workers to review the present advantages and disadvantages of EMG, and thus improve its accuracy and efficiency. The review also indicates the application of EMG can be extended onto other organs such as the gallbladder, which serves as a new direction to work with.
Taylor approximation for solving linear and nonlinear Ill-Posed Volterra equations via an iteration method
Authors: GUECHI Somia , GUECHI Moufida
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we present two algorithms for the approximate or exact solution of a class of Volterra integral equations of first kind. As well known, this is an ill posed problem, but we convert it to well-posedness of the second kind Volterra problems, then we apply the variational iteration method. Finally, we present two examples which show the performance and effciency of our method.
THE ANALYSIS OF PYHSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON DISTANCE EDUCATION CLASSES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS: A MIXED METHOD RESEARCH
Authors: KUCUKKIRMIZI Yasin , ILKER KERKEZ Fatma
Published: March 2022

The goal of this research is to investigate physical education and sports teachers’ perspectives on physical education and sports classes, which is heavily practice-based, during distance education period. The research has been done with triangulation method. The quantitative data is collected via attitude scale while qualitative data is collected via semi-structured interviews. 90 physical education and sports teachers have volunteered in the research, 9 of which take part in qualitative part of the study and the remaining 81 volunteers take part in quantitative part of the study. The quantitative analysis of study has been done via SPSS 20.0 package program’s definitive statistic methods, independent samples t-test and one way ANOVA variant analysis. The qualitative analysis of the study has been done via descriptive and content analysis. According to quantitative results, the attitudes of physical education and sports teachers about distance education are on the medium-level. The attitude analysis towards distance education based on age variables has demonstrated that there is a meaningful difference between volunteers aged 23-29 and volunteers aged over 40, which is in favor of the volunteers aged 23-29. According to qualitative results, three categories (Distance education, physical education classes via distance education, technical competence), 6 themes and 14 sub-themes have been identified.
THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL GAME ADDICTION ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: AYDEMIR Fatma
Published: March 2022

It is seen that today's children tend to digital games depending on their living conditions. Rapidly changing technology increases the relationship of individuals with technology and technological tools. With the ease of access to the Internet, the narrowing of playgrounds, and the forgetting of games, it has left its place to virtual games. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of digital game addiction, which can have an academic and social impact, on the social development level of secondary school students.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF ADAPTATION TRAININGS FOR PARENTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON THE LEVEL OF FAMILY PARTICIPATION AFTER THE PANDEMIC
Authors: ALİREİSOĞLU Ahmet , ÖZSOY Metin
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study is to examine the effect of the integration training given in educational institutions on the level of parent involvement of parents. 674 parents of students with primary school education in Tuzla district of Istanbul participated in the study. 327 of the parents of the students stated that they participated in the integration training, 347 of them did not. 60 male parents and 614 female parents participated in the research. 200 of the parents of the students have primary school, 124 secondary school, 209 high school, 141 have undergraduate and higher education level. The grade level of the students whose parents are students is determined as 151 1st grade, 204 2nd grade, 192 3rd grade and 127 4th grade students. “Parent Participation Scale” was used as a data collection tool in the research. In the analysis of data; frequency distributions, normality analysis, t test and ANOVA analysis were used. As a result of the research, when the effect of parent gender on the level of parent participation is examined, it is seen that women reach higher meaningful results, primary school graduates have significantly lower scores in terms of education level, and parents who participate in adaptation training have significantly higher scores than parents who do not participate in adaptation training. The findings obtained from the research were discussed and interpreted within the scope of the literature. It is seen that the integration trainings provided contribute to the family participation levels of the parents, that the families benefit from these trainings and are willing to add value to themselves in this sense. Useful results have been obtained in order to increase family participation in the post-pandemic normalization process. The planned and systematic nature of the organized training activities increases the effect of the level of benefit received. For practitioners and researchers; Suggestions such as planning studies in which fathers participate more actively in education, simple, plain and understandable educational content, and conducting similar trainings at all levels can be listed.
STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARDS ONLINE LEARNING
Authors: Zekan Senka Borovac
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to describe students' attitudes towards online learning and the pros and cons. A total of 328 took part in the survey on the positive and negative components of online learning compared to traditional learning. The researchers draft the article as a resume of student′s attitudes and a review of the focus groups and gathered data. The results showed that students lack familiarity with the online learning concept and are not used to such online activities. Considering that the Internet plays a significant role in students' everyday lives, online learning needs to be considered an educational tool combined with traditional learning.
Influence of Social Media Chat on English Writing Skills of the Students
Authors: Mirza Ejaz , Nasir Muhammad Haseeb , Abdullah Muhammad
Published: March 2022

The advancements in technology have cast a shadow on people belonging to all walks of life.The life of youth is incomplete without the use of technology. Mobile phones have become a necessity in their lives. Invent of internet gifted mobile phones with many new applications e.g. WhatsApp,Twitter, Snapchat, etc. WhatsApp is the easiest and the most user-friendly application among all has gained tremendous importance in the lives of youth. WhatsApp users are rising each day as every new invention comes up with many advantages as well as disadvantages. The present study attempts to study the effects of WhatsApp messenger on formal writing of students by using a mixed research design i.e. two research tools have been used for the collection of data, one is quantitative in the form of a questionnaire whereas the other one is qualitative like the assessment of students essays.Resultantly, it was found that the language they use in texting while using WhatsApp messenger often deviates from the spelling and grammar rules of a standard language. It was observed that the informal style of writing developed due to excessive use of WhatsApp is reflected even in the formal writing of the students. The linguistic expressions used over WhatsApp by most of the students affect their writing skills negatively
The Islamic Doctrine of Economics and Capitalism: Comparative Analysis, Assessment and Future Policy Recommendations for Pakistan
Authors: Siddiqui Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad , Furqan Kanwar Muhammad Yasir , Pasha Muhammad Imran
Published: March 2022

The research investigates the prospect of the financial system of Islam and the viability of its growth alongside traditional financial services within another capitalist system schema, and it proposes modified native stock investments as a pragmatic groundwork for Sharia principles constructed on principles of Islamic teachings. This research work will contrast the theories of integrity and socio-economic justice in the two rhetoric. A conceptual analysis that follows serves as the foundation for policy recommendations. The research is exclusively normative, and discussing it from a logical standpoint is outside the scope of this research. The said investigation would also have implications and recommendations for policymakers and professionals while adjusting Contemporary Western constructions, power structures, regulations, paradigms, etc. To some extent, in order to be compatible with the advancement of the Islamic Economic System. Finally, the study examines the efforts and measures that have been taken to Islamize Pakistan's economy.
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI FLASHCARD DIGITAL SEBAGAI MEDIA LATIHAN IDENTIFIKASI OBJEK PADA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Nirwana  , Asmah Akhriana  , Sitti Aisa  , Achmad Teguh Saputro
Published: March 2022

Flashcard adalah kartu yang memuat informasi di kedua sisi, yang dimaksudkan untuk digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam menghafal. Dalam dunia terapis Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK), Flashcard dikembangkan untuk dapat menstimulasi perkembangan dan pemahaman ABK terhadap suatu objek bahkan situasi. Namun bentuk Flashcard secara fisik cukup rumit untuk dibawa bepergian, terapis juga akan terbatas pada kata yang tersedia dari pabrik saja, dengan kata lain terapis tidak bisa menambahkan kata-kata sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat aplikasi Android yang dapat membantu terapis untuk lebih mudah membawa dan mengembangkan media Flashcard, dimana pun dan kapan pun. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan UML sebagai landasan perancangan sistemnya dan menggunakan Android Studio 2019 untuk mengimplementasikan rancangan sistem menjadi aplikasi jadi. Aplikasi ini diuji dengan dua metode pengujian yakni Pengujian Black Box untuk menguji fungsionalitas input/output aplikasi dan pengujian oleh pengguna untuk menilai kelayakan guna aplikasi. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, dapat ditarik hasil bahwa aplikasi Flashcard Digital ini dapat berjalan dengan normal dan dinyatakan menjawab permasalahan efisiensi ruang dan pengembangan pada pihak terapis.
VOCACIÓN Y GRATUIDAD PROFESIONALES DURANTE LA PANDEMIA POR CORONAVIRUS-19
Authors: Barraca Mairal Javier
Published: March 2022

Se expone aquí un caso, extraído de la experiencia, en el que un profesional médico español, al enfrentarse a un hecho, vinculado con la pandemia por coronavirus, hace gala en su actuación de una particular excelencia ética. Si bien esto, en el marco de la vida y el desempeño profesionales ordinarios, y sin que implique por su parte una exigencia de heroicidad. En el análisis reflexivo, acerca de la moralidad exhibida aquí, cobran protagonismo, ante todo, dos claves éticas concretas: la de la vocación profesional y la de la gratuidad. El trabajo profundiza en el sentido de las mismas y explora algunas de sus significaciones en este contexto. De la mano de ambas claves, el estudio se adentra en la cuestión de la belleza moral, que se manifiesta en el caso y cuya pujanza para despertar el afán de emulación puede jugar un papel muy fecundo en la formación ética y el desarrollo moral.
İbn Usfûr el-İşbîlî’nin Şerhu Cümel Adlı Eserinde Zeccâcî’ye İtirazları
Authors: Hacıbekiroğlu Abdullah , Asutay Muhammet Mücahit
Published: March 2022

Arap gramer tarihine el-Cümel fi’n-naḥv isimli eseriyle önemli bir katkıda bulunan Ebü’l-Kāsım ez-Zeccâcî’nin söz konusu kitabı hem Meşrik’te hem de Mağrib’de rağbet görmüştür. Zeccâcî, kitabını sade ve anlaşılır bir dille kaleme almıştır. Tarihî süreç içerisinde el-Cümel’e çok sayıda şerh, haşiye ve ta‘lik yazılmıştır. Endülüs âlimlerinden İbn Usfûr el-İşbîlî’nin de el-Cümel üzerine üç şerh yazdığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada İbn Usfûr’un Şerḥu Cümeli’z-Zeccâcî (eş-Şerḥu’l-kebîr) isimli oldukça geniş ve kapsamlı olan şerhi çerçevesinde Zeccâcî’ye itiraz ettiği bazı nahvî meseleler ele alınmıştır. İbn Usfûr, şerhinde sadece Zeccâcî’ye değil görüşlerini zikrettiği pek çok erken dönem dilciye de itirazlarını serdetmiştir. İbn Usfûr’un şerhine bakıldığında farklı düşündüğü konularda gerek metodik yönden gerekse de fikrî bakımdan eleştirilerini sakınmadığı görülmektedir. Ancak bu çalışma Zeccâcî’ye yaptığı itirazlarla sınırlandırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Şerḥu Cümel’de eleştiri ve itiraza mahal olan konular tespit edilmiş, ilk gramer eserlerindeki yaklaşımlar göz önünde bulundurularak her bir itiraz kendi içerisinde değerlendirilmiştir. İbn Usfûr’un itiraz ettiği meselelerde illetlendirme, delillendirme ve nahiv usulü yöntemlerinden yararlanma gibi çeşitli argümanlara başvurarak kapsayıcı açıklamalar yaptığı görülmektedir. İbn Usfûr şerh boyunca gramer terimlerinin tanımı noktasında özellikle durmuş ve Zeccâcî’nin tanımlarını tenkit etmiştir. Bu bakımdan onun tanımlar ve nahvin bazı fürû meseleleriyle ilgili yaklaşım ve itirazları ele alınmıştır.
PROSEDUR GADAI EMAS DIERA DIGITALISASI DENGAN AKAD QARDH PADA PT. BPRS AMANAH UMMAH KANTOR PUSAT LEUWILIANG
Authors: Marlina Asti , Hanifan Muhamad Zakie , Bimo Widhi Ariyo
Published: March 2022

The gold pawn procedure in the digitalization era at PT. BPRS Amanah Ummah. In Indonesia, there is a dualism of sharia pawning institutions, namely in sharia pawnshops and sharia banking, sharia pawnshops serve objects other than gold and the like. While Islamic banks do not accept pledges other than gold, of course this does not escape using two transaction techniques, namely Qardh and Ijarah contracts. As for the mechanism of the sharia gold pawn procedure at PT. BPRS Amanah Ummah is a customer must and must come to the bank with gold to be pawned, then the bank checks or checks the quality of gold and gold content brought by the customer. As for how to pay installments or pay off debts to the bank, customers can make payments using digital methods such as ATMs, Mobile Banking, funds, OVO, and Link Aja. However, this cannot be separated from the transaction, which often encounters several problems, namely, the calculation of the estimated gold both for extension and at the time of repayment. Therefore PT. BPRS Amanah Ummah must develop an information system for the extension and repayment of the gold pawn. To develop a system of relations between tables (RAT), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), and Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) to see the flow of the system, while to build the flow of this system used system development tools Miscrosof Basic net and Myiso database. which will be used later..
Biofilm forming Enterococci and their Status as Emerging Multidrug Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Haruna Zainab , Habib Idris Aishatu , Idris Muhammad Maryam , Abdulwahab Nana Maryam , Abdullahi Saadatu , Wada Nafiu Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Urine specimens were collected aseptically and inoculated directly onto CLED and MacConkey agar medium and incubated overnight. Single target colonies were sub cultured, and identification was based on culture, morphology, and biochemical characteristics. Enterococci isolates were subjected to biofilm assay (Tube method), and resistance pattern was determined for both biofilm-formers and non-biofilm-formers. Genomic DNA was extracted using the Bioneer kit, and the gene for virulence was detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. 148 Patients having one or more urinary symptoms were the study population. The aim of the study was to determine the multidrug resistant ability of biofilm-forming Enterococci. A number of growths were encountered; Enterococci accounted for only 9.46% (14), the highest prevalence was seen in the age group 21-30 (35.71%), and females (64.29%) were more prone to enterococcal infection than their males (35.71) counterpart. There is a relationship between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance because multidrug resistant Enterococci isolate produced bands against esp gene with an average of 510kbp. Biofilm forming strains showed the highest resistance to gentamicin and penicillin (83.3%), and vancomycin can be considered a good alternative therapy in enterococcal UTIs because of its lower resistance (75%).
Generation Y and Z Filipino Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior on Electronic Products in Shopee and Lazada
Authors: Dulay Frinz Andrey , Liban Rosemarie , Rustia James Russell , Tayag Marjorie Mae , Castaño Mary Caroline
Published: March 2022

Consumer Electronic Products are deemed essential in the new normal. Even with the increasing popularity of online marketplaces in the country, Filipinos are meticulous or careless in choosing a product. This pandemic has changed consumer behavior factors over the long term for further research - that is why this study aims to describe and identify the most influential purchasing behaviors of electronic products on Shopee and Lazada. Further understanding how the generations differ from each other’s purchasing behavior; Knowing also the preferred online marketplace by Filipinos. The researchers conducted a quantitative descriptive-comparative study to achieve the objectives and gather data through an online survey. From the results, Filipino consumers’ most influential purchasing behavior is the Product-Related Details. Filipinos wanted to physically assess the electronic product but with the restrictions of buying the product online. It is hard to base on all the product information, reviews, and feedback from other buyers.
The Effect of Education Funding Sources on Increasing Student Learning Outcomes at Manado 7 State High School
Authors: Sumual Shelty Deity M , Watung Sjeddie Rianne , Rattu Febryani M. L. , Manongko Allen A. Ch.
Published: March 2022

This research aims to determine the source of education funding and the magnitude of the influence of these sources of educational funding on student learning outcomes. The expected benefits from this research include practical benefits, which can serve as a reference for readers and become a means for this research to explore economic education theories, and theoretical benefits as inputs for Education Office. This research used a descriptive method with correlational techniques, in which the data collected were analyzed with a correlation formula. The population was all students who received BKM (Bantuan Keluarga Miskin or Poor Family Assistance) scholarships, and the sample was taken from the entire population. The research results showed that students’ average potential was satisfactory, and education funding significantly influenced student achievement. Apart from the education funding factors, learning achievement is also determined by other factors, such as student perseverance.
A Salt-Tolerant Streptomyces paradoxus D2-8 from Rhizosphere Soil of Phragmites communis Augments Soybean Tolerance to Soda Saline-Alkali Stress
Authors: Gao Yamei , Han Yiqiang , Li Xin , Li Mingyang , Wang Chunxu , Li Zhiwen , Wang Yanjie , Wang Weidong
Published: March 2022

Soil salinity and alkalization limit plant growth and agricultural productivity worldwide. The application of salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) effectively improved plant tolerance to saline-alkali stress. To obtain the beneficial actinomyces resources with salt tolerance, thirteen isolates were isolated from rhizosphere saline and alkaline soil of Phragmites communis. Among these isolates, D2-8 was moderately halophilic to NaCl and showed 120 mmol soda saline-alkali solution tolerance. Moreover, the plant growth-promoting test demonstrated that D2-8 produced siderophore, IAA, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD), and organic acids. D2-8 showed 99.4% homology with the type strain Streptomyces paradoxus NBRC 14887T and shared the same branch, and, therefore, it was designated S. paradoxus D2-8. Its genome was sequenced to gain insight into the mechanism of growth-promoting and saline-alkali tolerance of D2-8. IAA and siderophore biosynthesis pathway, genes encoding ACC deaminase, together with six antibiotics biosynthesis gene clusters with antifungal or antibacterial activity, were identified. The compatible solute ectoine biosynthesis gene cluster, production, and uptake of choline and glycine betaine cluster in the D2-8 genome may contribute to the saline-alkali tolerance of the strain. Furthermore, D2-8 significantly promoted the seedling growth even under soda saline-alkali stress, and seed coating with D2-8 isolate increased by 5.88% of the soybean yield in the field. These results imply its significant potential to improve soybean soda saline-alkali tolerance and promote crop health in alkaline soil.
Impact of Primary and Secondary Bile Acids on Clostridioides difficile Infection
Authors: Łukawska Agata , Mulak Agata
Published: March 2022

Primary bile acids (BAs), synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, after their secretion with bile into the intestinal lumen, are transformed by gut microbiota to secondary BAs. As natural detergents, BAs play a key role in the digestion and absorption of lipids and liposoluble vitamins. However, they have also been recognized as important signaling molecules involved in numerous metabolic processes. The close bidirectional interactions between BAs and gut microbiota occur since BAs influence microbiota composition, whereas microbiota determines BA metabolism. In particular, it is well established that BAs modulate Clostridioides difficile life cycle in vivo. C. difficile is a cause of common nosocomial infections that have become a growing concern. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of BAs on the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of C. difficile infection.
Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans as Receptors for Adhesion of Candida spp. to Corneal Cells
Authors: Ordiales Helena , Alcalde Ignacio , Vázquez Fernando , Merayo-Lloves Jesús , Quirós Luis M. , Cueto Carla Martín
Published: March 2022

The most common causal agents of fungal keratitis are yeasts of the Candida genus. Adhesion constitutes the first stage of pathogenesis. Previous studies have shown that glycosaminoglycans from the corneal cell surface play an essential role in bacterial keratitis, although little is known about their role in fungal infections. The objective of this work is to analyze the role that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play in the adhesion of fungi of the Candida genus to corneal epithelial cells. The participation of GAGs in the adhesion of fungi was studied through the specific inhibition of the synthesis of these molecules by enzymatic digestion using specific lyases and the silencing of various genes involved in heparan sulfate sulfation. The results seem to indicate that glycosaminoglycans act to some extent as receptors for this fungus, although there are differences between fungal species. Treatment with inhibitors partially reduced the adherence of fungal species. Digestion of cell surface heparan sulfate further reduced the adherence of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata compared to chondroitin sulfate, indicating that the binding is preferentially mediated by heparan sulfate. Degradation of both heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate produced similar effects on the adherence of Candida parapsilosis. However, adhesion of C. albicans hyphae is not dependent on GAGs, suggesting the expression of other adhesins and the recognition of other receptors present in corneal cells. Our results open the door to new strategies for stopping the adhesion of pathogenic fungi, and their subsequent invasion of the cornea; thus, reducing the probability of the keratitis development.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA TEKS NONFIKSI SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 1 JALAKSANA DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Anita Alvionita  , Muhafidin
Published: March 2022

kemampuan membaca siswa dalam menyerap informasi atau memahami isi pesan yang terdapat dalam bacaan tersebut yang dilihat dari jenis-jenis teks nonfiksi yang dibacanya, adapun jenis-jenis teks nonfiksi yaitu, teks nonfiksi murni dan nonfiksi kreatif contohnya biografi, buku ilmiah, esai, jurnal, skripsi, berita dan masih banyak yang lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan membaca teks nonfiksi pada kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Jalaksana di Masa Pandemi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Dan subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru atau wali kelas VI dan siswa kelas VI. Adapun jumlah siswa siswa di kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Jalaksana berjumlah 47 siswa. Data ini dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, dokumentasi dan tes. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan membaca pemahaman teks nonfiksi pada siswa kelas VI SD Negeri 1 Jalaksana di masa pandemi bahwa siswa menyukai membaca terutama pembelajaran mengenai membaca teks nonfiksi dan sudah bisa membaca teks nonfiksi. Dapat dilihat dari hasil wawancara yang mengatakan bahwa siswa menyukai membaca teks nonfiksi, dan dapat dilihat dari hasil tes membaca teks nonfiksi dimana siswa sudah lancar dalam membaca teks nonfiksi dan sangat mampu dalam menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan peneliti sesuai dengan indikator yang telah ditetapkan oleh peneliti.
ANALISIS PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Asri Hartati Laila Sari  , Agus Saeful Anwar
Published: March 2022

Prestasi belajar merupakan hasil dari sebuah aktivitas pembelajaran, salah satunya yaitu ada aktivitas pembelajaran matematika. Pembelajaran matematika di sekolah tentunya sangat penting, karena pada dasarnya matematika selalu berdampingan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode yang digunakan studi kasus. Subyek dalam penelitian ini yaitu kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa kelas V SD Negeri Longkewang. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan mengikuti model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran matematika di masa pandemi Covid-19 yang dilakukan di kelas V SD Negeri Longkewang bahwa ketika pembelajaran dilaksanakan melalui sistem daring hasil belajarnya mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh mata pelajaran matematika yang tidak dapat dipelajari secara otodidak oleh siswa begitu saja, karena pembelajaran matematika ini membutuhkan bimbingan, latihan dan evaluasi dalam proses pembelajarannya.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN CIGUGUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUTIF CHATIB
Authors: Agus Saeful Anwar  , Sri Haryati
Published: March 2022

Karakter merupakan cara seseorang dalam berpikir dan berperilaku yang merupakan ciri khas tertentu. Karakter akan terbentuk karena adanya sebuah pembiasaan yang ditanamkan. Pendidikan karakter religius adalah landasan awal untuk menciptakan generasi yang mempunyai moral ataupun akhlak mulia. Menjadi gurunya manusia harus lebih mementingkan proses belajar siswa daripada hasil akhirnya dan memahami kompetensi siswa, apapun kondisi yang dialami siswanya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep pendidikan karakter religius dalam Perspektif Munif Chatib. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus. Subyek dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IV SDN Cigugur. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan mengikuti model Miles dan Huberman.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DAN LURING DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Yoga Mauludy Afarizi Lutfiansyah  , Agatha Kristi Pramudika Sari
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya penerapan sistem pembelajaran daring dan luring yang dilakukan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ini di SDN Sumurwiru. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis proses pembelajaran daring dan luring yang dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Subyek dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VI SD Negeri Sumurwiru. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran daring dan luring di SD Sumurwiru yaitu berjalan dengan baik berupa pembelajaran daring dan luring. Pembelajaran daring yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menggunakan Handphone dengan melalui Whatsapp Group. Sedangkan Pembelajaran luring dilakukan 1-2 kali dalam seminggu dengan mengunjungi rumah siswa atau dilaksanakan di sekolah dengan menjaga protokol kesehatan. Faktor yang mendukung pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring dan luring yaitu, adanya alat seperti Handphone, kouta internet, dan kerja sama antar guru dan pihak wali murid yang terjalin komunkasi yang baik, serta dengan tetap menjaga protokol kesehatan guru dan siswa dapat sesekali melaksanakan pembelajaran luring baik di rumah siswa dan guru maupun di sekolah.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN INTERAKSI SOSIAL SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Lusi Indriyani  , Nana Sutarna  , Yani Fitriyani
Published: March 2022

Permasalahan ini muncul karena adanya pandemi, pembelajaran di SDN 1 Darma di Desa Darma, Kec. Darma, Kab. Kuningan dilakukan secara daring/online sehingga perubahan interaksi sosial siswa menjadi salah satu perhatian penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana perubahan interaksi sosial siswa sekolah dasar dimasa pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan melakukan metode wawancara dan observasi yang terstruktur dan informal, dan teknik yang digunakan purposive sampling pada siswa kelas V SDN 1 Darma. Teknik analisis yang digunakan : 1) reduksi data, 2) penyajian data, 3) verifikasi. Menyimpulkan sebagai hasil dan pembahasan bahwa hasil dari penelitian ini, perubahan interaksi sosial siswa sekolah dasar berubah dalam waktu yang begitu cepat yang disebabkan adanya pembelajaran secara online.
Analysis of the Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) on the Profits of Go Public Banks in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Period 2016 – 2021
Authors: Suroso Sugeng
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) and loan to deposit ratio (LDR) on the profitability of banks that go public on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 - 2021. The indicators used in this study are: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), and Return On Assets (ROA). One of the Profitability Ratios used as an indicator in this study is Return On Assets (ROA). ROA is a financial ratio to measure the ability of bank management in obtaining overall profit (profit). In this study, ROA is used as the dependent variable, while the Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio are independent variables. The two independent variables will be analyzed either partially or simultaneously to see whether or not there is an effect on ROA. The data used in this study is the ratio of CAR, LDR and ROA of publicly listed banks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2016 – 2021 with the number of banks listed and meeting the characteristics of 28 banks. In data analysis using classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, F test and T test. The results of the study using the F test together that CAR and LDR have an effect on ROA, while the T test shows that CAR has an effect on ROA and LDR has no effect on ROA.
Opiskelijavalintojen ensikertalaiskiintiöiden poliittinen oikeutus ja kritiikki
Authors: Haltia Nina , Isopahkala-Bouret Ulpukka , Peura Marja
Published: March 2022

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastelemme korkeakoulujen opiskelijavalinnoissa käytössä olevia ensikertalaiskiintiöitä. Kiintiöt ovat positiivisen erityiskohtelun muoto, jonka tavoitteena on parantaa jonkin tietyn ryhmän asemaa. Niiden asettamista voidaan tarkastella osana koulutuksen tasa-arvoa ja yhdenvertaisuutta. Kiintiöitä ei Suomessa juuri ole opiskelijavalinnoissa ollut, mutta vuodesta 2016 lähtien otettiin käyttöön ensikertalaisille suunnatut kiintiöt. Pääosa opiskelupaikoista on nykyisin suunnattu ensimmäistä korkeakoulupaikkaansa tavoitteleville. Artikkelissa tarkastelemme, miten ensikertalaisuutta hakijakategoriana määritettiin ja kuinka kiintiöt oikeutettiin. Empiirisenä aineistona olemme analysoineet kiintiöiden asettamiseen liittyneet kaksi lakiesitystä sekä niihin annetut lausunnot. Analyysin perusteella ensikertalaisten suosimiselle löytyi moraalinen oikeutus, mutta samalla kiintiöihin suhtauduttiin myös kriittisesti. Ensikertalaisen kategoria ei yksiselitteisesti rakennu korkeakoulutukseen pääsyn kannalta huonommassa asemassa olevaksi ryhmäksi, sillä yksilöt ovat taustansa vuoksi erilaisissa asemissa. Johtopäätöksemme on, että ensikertalaiskiintiö on kömpelö väline edistämään korkeakoulutuksen oikeudenmukaisuutta, sillä se ei tunnista korkeakoulutuksen hierarkioita, yhteiskunnallisia eroja ja niitä erilaisia positioita, joita ensikertalaisten ja ei-ensikertalaisten kategorioihin asetetuilla hakijoilla on.
Formatiivinen vertaisarviointi kehittää tärkeitä elämäntaitoja
Authors: Ketonen Laura
Published: March 2022

Lectio praecursoria kasvatustieteen väitöskirjaan Exploring interconnections between student peer assessment, feedback literacy and agency, Jyväskylän yliopistossa 22.5.2021.  
Vertaisarviointi on Suomen peruskoulussa nuori ja lähes tutkimaton käytäntö, joka mainitaan ensimmäisen kerran vuonna 2016 voimaan astuneessa opetussuunnitelmassa. Väitöstutkimuksessani tarkastelin, miten 7. ja 8. luokkien oppilaat toteuttivat formatiivista vertaisarviointia fysiikan ja kemian opinnoissaan. Tulokset osoittavat, että rakentava vertaisarviointi vaatii oppilailta palauteosaamista ja toimijuutta, mutta tarjoaa myös mahdollisuuksia kehittää niitä. Opettajan tarvitsee puolestaan ymmärtää vertaisarviointia ja oppilaiden yksilöllisiä ominaisuuksia, jotta hän osaa tukea oppilaita vertaisarvioinnin aikana. Koulujen summatiivisesti painottuneessa arviointikulttuurissa vertaisarviointi on tervetullut formatiivisen arvioinnin muoto, jonka avulla voidaan keskittyä oppimiseen ja kehittymiseen.
Oikeutta opettajille
Authors: Vasara-Aaltonen Marianne
Published: March 2022

Viime vuosisadan alussa Suomen kansakoulunopettaja- ja naisopettajayhdistys päätti ryhtyä tarjoamaan oikeusapua jäsenistölleen. Opettajan kohdatessa oikeudellisia ongelmia viranhoidossaan tämä saattoi kääntyä opettajayhdistyksen puoleen ja saada taloudellista avustusta oikeuskuluihinsa. Myöhemmin oikeusaputoimintaa laajennettiin, sillä opettajayhdistys ryhtyi myös itse tarjoamaan oikeudellisia neuvoja opettajakunnalle. Tässä artikkelissa tutkitaan opettajien oikeusaputoiminnan syntyä ja alkuvaiheita 1900-luvun alun Suomessa Kansakoulun Lehdessä ja Opettajain Lehdessä julkaistujen kirjoitusten valossa. Kysymystä opettajien oikeusavusta käsitellään ensinnäkin osana yleisempää ammatillisen järjestäytymisen kehitystä 1800- ja 1900-lukujen vaihteen Suomessa. Lisäksi oikeusapukysymys on yhteydessä 1800-luvun lopun oikeudelliseen modernisaatioon, jonka myötä Suomeen syntyi muun muassa moderni asianajajakunta. Oikeusapukysymyksen taustalla vaikuttivat luonnollisesti myös 1900-luvun alun epävakaat yhteiskunnalliset ja poliittiset olosuhteet, joiden keskellä opettajat joutuivat toimimaan omilla paikkakunnillaan. Näissä olosuhteissa opettajat kohtasivat enenevässä määrin viranhoitoon liittyviä oikeudellisia ongelmia. Ulkomaisilla esimerkeillä oli niin ikään merkitystä, sillä oikeusapukysymys oli herännyt myös muiden maiden opettajayhdistyksissä. Artikkelissa asemoidaan opettajayhdistyksen järjestämä oikeusapu ammatillisen, yhteiskunnallisen, oikeudellisen ja kansainvälisen kontekstin leikkauspisteeseen.
Nuo mainiot miehet opettavine koneineen
Authors: Mertala Pekka
Published: March 2022

Arvosteltu teos: Watters, Audrey 2021. Teaching Machines: The History of Personalized Learning. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 328 s.
Tietokonevallankumous ja ohjelmoinnillinen ajattelu peruskoulussa – Havaintoja mikro- ja makrotasoilta
Authors: Fagerlund Janne
Published: March 2022

Lectio praecursoria kasvatustieteen väitöskirjaan Teaching, Learning and Assessing Computational Thinking through Programming with Scratch in Primary Schools, Jyväskylän yliopistossa 5.11.2021. 
Väitöskirjassa tutkitaan ”ohjelmoinnilliseksi ajatteluksi” lanseeratun tieto- ja taitokokonaisuuden oppimista, opettamista ja arviointia perusopetuksessa. Tämän erityisesti ohjelmoinnin kautta opittavan osaamiskokonaisuuden tuloa koulumaailmaan on kiihdyttänyt ennen kaikkea tietokoneiden ja tietokoneohjelmien kasvanut läsnäolo eri elämänalueilla. Ohjelmoinnillinen ajattelu on kuitenkin ollut jokseenkin hajanaisesti ymmärretty aihepiiri kasvatusalalla, mistä kielii muun muassa sen varsin suppea jalansija peruskoulumme opetussuunnitelmassa. Väitöstutkimuksessa selkeytettiinkin ohjelmoinnillisen ajattelun kasvatustavoitteita määrittelemällä aihealueen opetuksen perusprinsiipit. Tutkimuksen keskiössä oli lisäksi lapsille ja nuorille suunnattu ohjelmointiympäristö Scratch, jonka kontekstissa toteutettiin empiirinen tapaustutkimus kolmessa 4.-luokassa. Löydökset luokkahuoneista havainnollistivat, miten Scratch-ohjelmoinnissa voidaan monipuolisesti opettaa, oppia ja arvioida oppilaiden ohjelmoinnillista ajattelua luovaan ongelmanratkaisuun perustuvassa projektiluontoisessa työskentelyssä. Yhteiskunnallisesti tärkeään aihepiiriin on kaikkiaan oleellista kiinnittää eri kasvatusalan toimijoita paremmin jatkossa.
Aika ja kasvatus
Authors: Pettersson Henri
Published: March 2022

Pääkirjoitus numeroon 1/2022.
Sosiaalisen tuottamisen näkökulma tilaan kuvataidekasvatuksessa
Authors: Heinonen Heikki
Published: March 2022

Tämä kuvataidekasvatuksen tutkimuksen kenttään paikantuva artikkeli käsittelee tilan ja kuvataidekasvatuksen yhteyttä.1 Tila on yksi kuvataideopetuksen opetustilanteiden osatekijöistä, mutta myös keskeinen osa oppiaineen opetussubstanssia ja tapaa käsitteellistää opetusta. Usein tilaa käsitellään kuvataideopetuksessa tilan representaatioiden, kuten perspektiivipiirrosten kautta. Artikkelissa pohditaan, mitä tilan lähestyminen sosiaalisen tuottamisen kautta voisi tarjota kuvataidekasvatukselle. Kysymystä tarkastellaan toisin tekemisen ajatuksen avulla keskusteluttamalla keskenään erilaisia kuvataidekasvatuksen, taidehistorian, kasvatustieteiden ja filosofian antamia näkökulmia. Kuvataideopetuksessa tapahtuvaa koko opetusryhmän yhteisen installaation tekemistä käytetään esimerkkinä teoreettisissa pohdinnoissa. Installaation tapa haastaa kartesiolainen keskeisperspektiivi ja toisaalta yhdessä tehtävien installaatioiden hetkellisyys osoittautuvat kiinnostaviksi löydöiksi. Yhdessä tehtävän installaation prosessissa keskeisiä osatekijöitä ovat tila, aika ja sosiaalisuus. Artikkelissa esitetään, että yhdessä tehty installaatio on vertauskuvallinen agora eli tila, joka on työskentelyn alusta asti aidosti kaikkien osallistujien jakama. Agoraa ehdotetaan metaforaksi Marjo Räsäsen käyttämän silta-metaforan rinnalle kuvataidekasvatusta käsitteellistettäessä silloin, kun kyseessä on lineaarisuutta haastava tilaan, aikaan ja sosiaalisuuteen kiinnittyvä työskentely. 
1 Artikkeli pohjautuu kirjoittajan maisterin opinnäytetyöhön (2019).
Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Mengenal Bentuk Huruf Hijaiyah Pada Anak Kelompok B TK Alkhairaat Kalumpang Kota Ternate
Authors: La Udin Aminah , Achmad Fatoni , M.J. Wahid Santi
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak dalam mengenal bentuk huruf hijaiyah pada Kelompok B TK Alkhairaat Kalumpang Kota Ternate. Kognitif bagi anak usia dini dapat diartikan sebagai perubahan psikis yang berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berfikir anak usia dini. Dengan kemampuan berfikirnya, anak usia dini dapat mengeksplorasikan dirinya sendiri, orang lain serta berbagai benda yang ada disekitarnya sehingga mereka memperolah berbagai pengetahuan. Yang dilatihkan pada anak meliputi menyebut, menunjuk dan membuat urutan huruf hijaiyah melalui kegiatan meronce. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak Kelompok B TK Alkhairaat Kalumpang Kota Ternate dengan jumlah 14 anak laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan metode demonstrasi melalui kegiatan meronce dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif mengenal bentuk-bentuk huruf hijaiyah pada anak kelompok B TK Alkhairaat Kalumpang Kota Ternate. Prosentase kemampuan kognitif anak pada siklus I yaitu sebanyak 7 anak yang tuntas (50%) dan pada siklus II meningkat yaitu sebesar 12 anak yang tuntas atau (85,7%). Kata Kunci: Demonstrasi, Kognitif, Huruf Hijaiyah