bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Whose Interests Should a Company be Run? Fiduciary Duties of Directors During Corporate Failure in India: Looking to the West for Answers
Authors: Sundaresh Gautam
Published: February 2022

This Comment looks at the debate as it has played out in the legal jurisprudence of the U.S. and the U.K. The analysis of each considers the three financial stages of a corporation’s existence that are specifically addressed in the debate today, i.e.: (i) solvency; (ii) insolvency; and (iii) the zone of insolvency. After setting out the current position, this Comment specifically addresses the various shortcomings and criticisms of the models adopted by each jurisdiction and offers observations on the status quo and the implementation of these models. On this basis, this Comment goes on to propose a model to be adopted by India, the Indian legal jurisprudence in this respect still being in its evolutionary stages and lacking the depth and the level of analysis found in the West.
The Case for Abolishing Centralized White House Regulatory Review
Authors: Steinzor Rena
Published: February 2022

A series of catastrophic regulatory failures have focused attention on the weakened condition of regulatory agencies assigned to protect public health, worker and consumer safety, and the environment. The destructive convergence of funding shortfalls, political attacks, and outmoded legal authority have set the stage for ineffective enforcement, unsupervised industry self-regulation, and a slew of devastating and preventable catastrophes. From the Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico to the worst mining disaster in forty years at the Big Branch mine in West Virginia, the signs of regulatory dysfunction abound. Many stakeholders expected that President Barack Obama would recognize and ameliorate this unacceptable state of affairs, but his administration has largely ignored it, instead accepting Republican claims that over-regulation is the overriding problem du jour. One central reason for the systemic failure of effective health and safety regulation is the fact that many regulatory matters enter and exit the White House through the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) little-known but extraordinarily powerful Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA). Centralized White House regulatory review began in the Nixon administration and OIRA was created in 1980. Over four decades, the process has evolved into a relentless gauntlet for public health, worker safety, and environmental protection initiatives, subjecting the agencies’ efforts to implement their demanding statutory mandates to withering rule-by-rule review. Analogous to examining the roots of individual trees without realizing that they are part of a dying forest, this myopia has obscured the causes and effects of regulatory failure for five presidents from both parties.
A Functional Approach to Risks and Uncertainties Under NEPA
Authors: Aagaard Todd
Published: February 2022

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) mandates that federal agencies evaluate the environmental impacts of their proposed actions. This requires agencies to make ex ante predictions about environmental consequences that often involve a significant degree of factual risk or uncertainty. Considerable controversy exists regarding how agencies should address such risks and uncertainties. Current NEPA law adopts a largely ad hoc approach that lacks coherence and analytical rigor. Some environmentalists and legal scholars have called for a greater emphasis on worst-case analysis in environmental planning, especially after the recent Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico and the meltdowns at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactors in Japan, both of which involved the eventuation of risks dismissed ex ante as improbable. This Article proposes a functional approach to environmental risks and uncertainties under NEPA as a preferable alternative to both a worst-case analysis requirement and the morass of existing approaches. A functional approach that is sensitive to context and analytically focused is better suited to the complexities of environmental planning. It is consonant with current NEPA law, but also can refine existing law to develop requirements that focus on effectuating NEPA’s purposes by producing useful environmental information.
Text(Plus-Other-Stuff)ualism:Textualists' Perplexing Use of the Attorney General's Manual on the Administrative Procedure Act
Authors: Lewis K.
Published: February 2022

Textualist judges, such as U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia, are well known for their outspoken, adamant refusal to consult legislative history and its analogues when interpreting ambiguous provisions of statutory terms. Nevertheless, in administrative law cases, textualist judges regularly quote the Attorney General’s Manual on the Administrative Procedure Act, an unenacted Department of Justice document that shares all the characteristics of legislative history that textualists find odious: unreliability, bias, and failure to pass through the bicameralism and presentment processes mandated by the U.S. Constitution. As a result, judges that rely on the Manual in administrative law cases arguably reach inaccurate results that aggrandize the Executive Branch. This Note canvasses the possible explanations for this phenomenon and ultimately concludes that there is no principled way that textualist judges can reconcile their use of the Manual with their jurisprudential philosophy. In other words, there is no principled reason to rely on the Manual while simultaneously rejecting more traditional forms of legislative history.
Fish and Federalism: How the Asian Carp Litigation Highlights a Deficiency in the Federal Common Law Displacement Analysis
Authors: Watters Molly
Published: February 2022

In response to the growing threat posed by the progress of Asian carp up the Mississippi River toward the Great Lakes, and with increased frustration with the federal response to the imminent problem, in 2010, five Great Lakes states sued the Army Corps of Engineers and the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago to force a more desirable and potentially more effective strategy to prevent the Asian carp from infiltrating the Great Lakes: closing the Chicago locks. This Note examines the federal common law displacement analysis through the lens of the Asian carp litigation. Both the Federal District Court for the Northern District of Illinois and the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit denied the plaintiff States’ request for a preliminary injunction, but allowed the plaintiffs to proceed with their federal common law claim against the Army Corps of Engineers. While both the district court and court of appeals correctly determined that the plaintiff States’ federal common law nuisance claim was not displaced by congressional action and could thus continue to the merits stage, both courts failed to recognize the important and fundamental federalist function, i.e., exercising their sovereign function, that the states were performing in bringing their suit.
Factores que influyen en la Gestión de la Innovación en empresas financiadas por el Gobierno Federal
Authors: Ríos Rodríguez Leticia del Carmen
Published: February 2022

Entre las estrategias más eficientes para que una empresa logre una diferenciación favorable respecto a sus competidores está la innovación; al fomentarla, se promueve un óptimo desempeño social y económico. En esta investigación, se muestra el análisis de doce empresas participantes en el Programa de Estímulos a la Innovación (PEI) del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), las cuales colaboraron con una Institución de Educación Superior (IES) en el Estado de Zacatecas, México, durante 2014-2017. Esta entidad (Zacatecas) cuenta con poca incidencia en proyectos de innovación, de ahí la pertinencia de este estudio cuyo objetivo consiste en determinar la varianza común del grupo de ítems estudiados que influyen en la gestión de la innovación de las empresas. Para conocer las variables de mayor impacto en la innovación, se diseñó un cuestionario estructurado con una escala tipo Likert. La información se analizó a través de análisis factorial (AF). A partir del análisis, se destaca que los factores: tecnología, competitividad y colaboración externa / vinculación, favorecen la gestión de la innovación dentro de las empresas. Se propone: una interfaz de comunicación entre las IES y la empresa, para facilitar la transferencia de tecnología y el reconocimiento mutuo; fomentar políticas gubernamentales que influyan en la mejora de competencias y capacidades de los recursos humanos y que promuevan la I&D (Investigación y Desarrollo) en las empresas.
Disability Self-evaluation for Low Back Pain in COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Listya Tresnanti Mirtha  , Diandra Amandita Priambodo  , Dinda Nisrina  , Evita Stephanie  , Kharisma Zatalini Giyani
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Low back pain (LBP) interferes with daily activities, which is why monitoring of functional disability is important. Non-urgent hospital visits are reduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Functional disability questionnaires serve as an alternative fo r patients to self-monitor their condition.Methods: This case-based study aimed to compare the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS) with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) on their responsiveness in assessing functional disability of patients with LBP. Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Embase) were searched for literature. Two eligible studies were included in this report. The studies were assessed using the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine critical appraisal tool for diagnostic studies. Data collected on the responsiveness of ODI and QBPDS were measured using the area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating curve (ROC), sensitivity, and specificity.Result: Both studies reported higher AUC values for ODI than QBPDS. One study reported higher sensitivity in ODI and identical specificity values for both ODI and QBPDS. QBPDS has comparable responsiveness to ODI in assessing functional disability of pat ients with LBP.Conclusion: Therefore, patients with low back pain can self-monitor their condition with QPBDS, as it is comparable to ODI and suitable for self-monitor during the C OVID-19 pandemicKeywords: assessment, disability evaluation, low back pain, musculoskeletal pain, surveys andquestionnaires
Management Practice and Comparison of Reproductive and Productive Performance of Dairy Cattle between Beneficiary and None Beneficiary of Estrus Synchronization and Mass Insemination in North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Sharew , Kuraz Belete , Tesfaye Mulugeta
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the overall management practice and comparison of reproductive and productive performance between beneficiaries and none beneficiaries of oestrus synchronization and mass insemination (OSMI) of dairy cattle in north shewa zone of dairy cattle. Data were obtained by interviewing 270 estrus synchronization and mass insemination beneficiaries and 135 none beneficiaries’ dairy farmers. Data were analyzed using Statistical Packaging for social science (SPSS) version 20. Natural pasture and crop residue were the most common feed resources in the study areas. River water was the major source of water for their cattle and well water was used when river water is not available. In their order of importance; FMD, mastitis, and abortion were the major diseases of cattle in the study area. The reproductive performance of dairy cows in OSMI beneficiaries were age at first service (30.81±7.6), calving interval (6.9±5.2), lactation length (8.95±2.46), day open (5.3±3.18) and number of service per conception (1.5±0.38) whereas in none beneficiary age at first service (32.88±6.64), calving interval (18.18±5.8), lactation length (9.6±0.54), day open (5.17±3.43) and number of service per conception (1.22±0.54) months. There was a significant (p<0.05) difference in milk yield between beneficiaries and none beneficiaries in HFC, HHFC and JERC dairy cows per day per cow.The major factors affecting reproductive performance of dairy cows are management, nutritional status, genotype, and disease. Therefor the productive and reproductive performance of the dairy cows reared by the participants were better than those of the nonparticipants.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Layanan Publik Melalui Digitalisasi
Authors:   Universitas Langlangbuana, Yunaningsih Ani , Indah Diani ,   Universitas Langlangbuana, Eryanto Septiawan Fajar ,   Universitas Langlangbuana
Published: February 2022

Pelayanan publik digital di era revolusi industry 4.0 merupakan suatu keniscayaan. Konsep layanan publik digital mengarah kepada prinsip efektis dan efisien. Efektif memiliki arti melaksanakan sesuatu yang tepat sedangkan efisien memiliki makna melaksanakan sesuatu dengan tepat. Pelayan publik digital diharapkan dapat memberikan kemudahan bagi siapa saja yang membutuhkan akses. Pelayanan publik digital ditandai dengan penggunaan media selain kertas atau yang sering disebut dengan paperless. Terknologi mempunyai peran penting agar peayanan publik digital dapat berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Sekarang ini hampir semua orang bisa menjalankan atau mengoperasikan sebuah gawai, artinya kemudahan dapat dimiiki oleh setiap orang karena dapat mengakses informasi secara mudah melalui gawai yang dimiliki. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif dan wawancara kepada pihak terkait untuk menemukan informasi terkait digitalisasi layanan publik. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa teknologi dan informasi yang berkembang saat ini seperti artificial intelligent, mobile otonom, dan internet memberikan pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap kehidupan manusia khususnya dalam hal cara berfikir dan cara bersikap. Layanan publik saat ini dituntut untuk bisa mengimbangi permintaan pengguna dalam hal ini warga. Semakin pahamnya pengguna terhadap teknologi berdampak pada keinginan pengguna unutuk mendapatkan layanan yang praktis, ekonomis, cepat dan tepat. Layanan pubik digital merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menjawab tantangan-tantangan tersebut.
Layanan Air Bersih Melalui Sistem Distribusi Dalam Meningkatkan Layanan Masyarakat
Authors:   Universitas Langlangbuana, Eryanto Septiawan Enang Narlan Soetiman Fajar
Published: February 2022

Air merupakan bagian penting dan tidak dapat terlepaskan dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari. Air memiliki arti penting bagi kesehatan manusia. Kesehatan masnusia dipengaruhi oleh asupan air yang diminum dan digunakan dalam kesehariannya. Menelaah fenomena masalah maka penelitian ini mengkaji layanan air bersih melalui sistem distribusi dalam meningkatkan layanan kepada masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan melalui wawacara dan tinjauan lapangan pada Desa di Kota Bandung, tepatnya di Kelurahan Pasirluyu. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa dengan tidak adanya toilet dirumah warga tersebut, warga melakukan kegiatan mandi, cuci kakus di sungai, sehingga tinja mencemari air dan diperparah dengan pencemaran dari limbah B3 yang biasanya diproduksi oleh pabrik-pabrik yang tidak bertanggung jawab mengolah limbah. Negara mengalami kerugian 56 triliun atau 2,3% dari PDB akibat buruknya kualitas air minum dan sanitasi perumahan. Kualitas buruk tersebut dikarenakan dua hal penting yaitu rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat akan kepedulian terhadap ekosistem lingkungan dan alokasi anggaran yang rendah dari pemerintah baik pusat maupun daerah. Rendahnya tingkat pelayanan air memiliki dampak langsung terhadap kualitas kesehatan masyarakat yang serta merta menjadi buruk pula. Kualitas kesehatan yang buruk antara lain disebabkan oleh meminum air yang tidak murni dan layak minum sehingga akan berbahaya bagi tubuh dikarenakan tubuh akan melakukan filter sendiri terhadap zat-zat berbahaya yang terdapat dalam air dan dikonsumsi pada masyarakat pada umumnya. Setidaknya hasil penelian ini berdampak pada kebijakan pemerintah daerah dalam menilai layanan masyarakat, serta mendukung upaya perkembangan desa seperti desa wisata
THE INFLUENCE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES AND OPTICAL MEASUREMENT METHODS ON THE DAMAGE BEHAVIOR OF HX340LAD MICRO-ALLOYED STEELS
Authors: Otroshi Mortaza , Meschut Gerson , Nesakumar Aathavan
Published: February 2022

This study deals with the damage behavior of metallic materials by the application of different manufacturing processes and using different optical measurement methods to identify the crack initiation in the damage specimen. The study is intended to highlight the importance of considering manufacturing processes and optical measurement methods in a numerical simulation when analyzing the damage behavior of metallic materials. To describe the damage behavior of the material in the process chain simulations, it is important to calibrate the parameters of damage model more accurately. These parameters are determined using experimental investigation of desired damage specimens. In this regard, a selected damage specimen manufactured by different cutting processes is first experimentally and then numerically investigated. It is shown that the manufacturing process and the optical measurement methods influence the stress state analyzed in the numerical simulation.
IMPROVING SERVICE QUALITY OF DHABA WITH THE HELP OF QUEUING THEORY
Authors: Komal Kajal Garg , Umesh Sharma
Published: February 2022

Queuing theory is the mathematics of waiting lines. It is extremely useful in predicting and evaluating system performance. Queuing theory has been used for operations research, manufacturing and systems analysis The common problem arises in almost every famous dhaba is that they lose their customers due to a long wait on the line. Some dhaba provide extra chair for the customer to wait. But after waiting too long they leave. However, waiting chairs alone would not solve a problem when customers withdraw and go to the next dhaba. This causes a lot of loss to our dhaba. This shows a need of a numerical model for the restaurant management to understand the situation better. This paper aims to show that queuing theory satisfies the model when tested with a real-case scenario. Authors obtained the data from a “Gulshan Dhaba” in Hodal, Haryana. in order to derive the arrival rate, service rate, utilization rate, waiting time in queue and the probability of potential customers to balk. The collected data is analysed by using Little’s Theorem and M/M/1 queuing model. The arrival rate at “Gulshan Dhaba”, Hodal during its busiest period of the day is 2 customers per minute (cpm) while the service rate is 2.02 cpm during our study period. The average number of customers in the restaurant is 100 and the utilization period is 0.99.
MICROCONTROLLER-BASED VERTICAL FARMING AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Authors: YUVARAJ KUMAR S  , SANTHOSH K
Published: February 2022

Food is an essential need of life. It is how man is fed and reinforced to complete his everyday exercises. The requirement for nourishment for the upkeep of man has set horticulture in charge of man's issues on the planet. With a quickly expanding populace on the planet, man has imagined more up-to-date and inventive ways of developing yields. This development is gathered in country areas of nations all over the planet; yet with the monstrous urbanization occurring in this present reality, it is turning out to be progressively hard to have good horticultural produce that will cook for the gigantic populace. Accepting Nigeria as contextual analysis, the expanded urbanization has put a gigantic expectation ashore, energy and water assets inside the metropolitan region of the country. The larger part of the food eaten in the metropolitan regions is developed in the provincial regions. This framework anyway requires longer transportation times from the provincial areas to metropolitan regions, leading to pollution and deterioration. This examination paper gives an answer in which food harvests can be developed effectively in the metropolitan regions by planting in upward stacked layers to save space and utilize negligible energy and water for water systems.
Study on Correlation Characteristics of PCDD/Fs Isomers Generation during the Coal-Combustion Process with Sludge Mixing
Authors: Jinxing Wang  , Shuzhou Wei  , Haiwen Song  , Xinlei Wang  , Huixin Ren
Published: February 2022

The 17 toxic polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) isomers as a persistent and refractory organic pollutant are one of the pollutants produced in solid fuel (including pulverized coal and mixed fuel) combustion, and regulating their distribution characteristics is an important aspect of effectively reducing their toxic equivalent. In this study, a correlation model of PCDD/Fs toxic equivalent was proposed to quantitatively analyze the correlation between HCl and SO2 concentrations in the reaction atmosphere, meanwhile, a pathway-diagnosis method of PCDD/Fs isomers transformation was adopted to analyze the PCDD/Fs distribution characteristics of coal combustion and that mixed with 10% sludge. The results show that the inflection point for the derivative of the relationship between HCl concentration and SO2 concentration moves towards the direction of lower SO2 concentration and higher HCl concentration with the increase of PCDD/Fs toxic equivalent. Besides, the functional pathways of mixing sludge on PCDD/Fs generation in coal combustion were obtained by calculating chlorine substitution probability. It has been deduced that five transformation pathways were improved by mixing sludge. Next, the critical pathways of the influence from mixing sludge on the distribution characteristics of PCDD/Fs isomers in coal combustion were analyzed by drawing the percentage content migration diagram of PCDD/Fs isomers and the average toxic equivalent migration diagram that combined with the toxic equivalent of PCDD/Fs isomers. The results showed that the main reasons for mixing sludge to further reduce the average toxic equivalent of PCDD/Fs isomers in coal combustion were the increased chlorine substitution probability at the 4-position of 12378 Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (12378-PeCDD), the decreased chlorine substitution probability at the 4-position of 2378 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-furan (2378-TeCDF), and the increased total chlorine substitution probability of 23478 Pentachlorodibenzo-p-furan (23478-PeCDF), 123478-Hexachlorodibenzofuran (123478-HxCDF) and 123678-HxCDF respectively. Finally, the functional pathway diagram of PCDD/Fs isomers generated from coal combustion with sludge mixing was drawn.
Remaking the Festival Business Model During a Pandemic
Authors: Van Winkle Christine M. , Kullman Sasha
Published: February 2022

During the 2020 coronavirus pandemic mass gatherings were prohibited across Canada. Festival organizations were faced with a challenge not seen in modern times. How festival business models changed course as a result of pandemic restrictions was explored with in-depth interviews. Senior
festival organizers of festivals from across Canada were invited to participate in this qualitative study and share their experiences. In total, 25 participants described how they were moving forward in light of the pandemic. Findings revealed that festivals' business models were changing
to focus on organizational sustainability, innovation, relationships, and adaptation. Factors influencing these changes were explored.
Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Related to Hyperemesis Gravidarum at Jagong Health Center, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh Regency in 2021
Authors: Dewi Nova Ratna , Sri Wahyuni M.S.  , Hidayana
Published: February 2022

Background. Continuous hyperemesis gravidarum can cause a lack of food and fluids that can affect fetal development. Lack of food and fluids or dehydration has a bad effect on the unborn child as well as on the mother herself. This study aims to determine the extent of knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women to the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum in the working area of the Jagong Health Center, Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh Regency in 2021.

Methods. This type of research is descriptive, the sample of this research is pregnant women in the working area of the Jagong Health Center totaling 30 people. Data were collected and measured using a questionnaire.

Results. Mother's knowledge about hyperemesis gravidarum has a good level of knowledge as many as 15 respondents (50%), attitudes of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum have a level of a positive attitude as much as 28 (80%), while knowledge of pregnant women and attitudes of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum as much as 15 ( 50%).

Conclusion. It is expected that pregnant women should be able to increase their knowledge and seek more information from health workers and media mass to increase the knowledge of pregnant women about health, especially regarding the incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum.
The Role of Health Officer Related to Adherence to Iron Tablet Supplementation among Pregnant Women in Central Aceh in 2021
Authors: MS Sri Wahyuni , Barirah Madeni  , Hasritawati
Published: February 2022

Background. Coverage of Fe tablets in Aceh Tengah District is very low, even lower than other districts in Aceh; namely 12.4 percent for Fe 1 and 10.56 percent for Fe3. Failure to distribute these tablets in this district may lead to an increase in the prevalence of anemia. One of the reasons is that the monitoring, recording, and reporting system by health officers in consuming Fe tablets and in routinely checking Hb levels is not good enough. This study aims to analyze the effect of the role of leadership (customers, communicators, motivators, facilitators, and counselors) on the adherence of pregnant women to consuming Fe tablets in the Central Aceh Regency in 2021.

Methods. This type of research is a survey with a cross-sectional approach. The population is all pregnant women in the Aceh Tengah Regency area with a gestational age of more than 20 weeks, or it could be less than 20 weeks, provided that this is the first visit and has made a health visit at the health center. Methods of collecting data by interviewing and checking the health development of pregnant women with Editing, Coding, Entry, and Cleaning. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate.

Results. The results of the multivariate analysis with logistic regression obtained the facilitator variable has the greatest influence on compliance in consuming Fe tablets with a value of OR = 14,166 meaning pregnant women who accept the role of health officers as facilitators will obediently consume Fe tablets as much as 14,166 times when compared to mothers who do not accept the role of health officers as customers.

Conclusion. The low adherence to Fe tablet consumption was due to the fact that the number of Fe tablets given by health officers to pregnant women in Aceh Tengah Regency was not up to the standard, which was 90 tablets. Customers and facilitators have a relationship with the adherence of pregnant women to consuming Fe tablets. The facilitator has the greatest influence on compliance in consuming Fe tablets.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ ВСЕСВІТНЬОЇ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19 НА РОЗВИТОК РИНКУ КІБЕРСПОРТУ
Authors: Андрюхіна В.O. , Кицюк І.В.
Published: February 2022

У статті здійснено аналіз впливу пандемії COVID-19 на розвиток світового ринку кіберспорту, виявлено сучасні тенденції кіберспорту. Зазначено, що індустрія відеоігор та кіберспорту зокрема відноситься до тих секторів, що отримали незначний негативний вплив від наслідків пандемії. Досліджено, що таке стрімке зростання кіберспорту як індустрії пов’язане не лише з психологічними аспектами людської поведінки під час карантинних обмежень, а й із досягненням комерційних цілей. Так, за даними провідного світового статистичного Інтернет-порталу Statista, у 2021 р. світовий ринок кіберспорту оцінюється у трохи більше ніж 1,08 млрд дол. США, що майже на 15% більше, ніж у попередньому році, а світова аудиторія кіберспорту досягла 474 млн людей. Азіатсько-Тихоокеанський регіон, Північна Америка та Європа – це трійка найбільших ринків кіберспорту у світі. Зазначено також про важливість розвитку кіберспорту в Україні.
УПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ КРЕДИТУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ЕЛЕКТРОННОЇ КОМЕРЦІЇ
Authors: Чупріна М.О. , Лазоренко Т.В.
Published: February 2022

У статті визначено, що саме розвиток електронних систем створює нову віртуальну реальність для ведення цілком реального бізнесу у сфері електронної комерції. Зазначено, що впровадження інноваційних технологій кредитування у сферу Інтернет-комерції зумовлено тим, що на даному етапі розвитку як української, так і світової банківської системи все більше банків збільшують пакет Інтернет-послуг. Доведено, що впровадження інноваційних технологій кредитування надає можливості значно скоротити час обробки інформації, дистанційного обслуговування клієнтів і, як наслідок, нарощування клієнтської бази. Проведено аналіз світових обсягів та визначено основні тренди розвитку електронної комерції з урахуванням умов світової пандемії COVID-19, а саме: загальна глобалізація та розмиття кордонів; використання інноваційних інформаційних технологій VR/AR; голосове керування; штучний інтелект; використання мобільних пристроїв у сфері комерції. Деталізовано нові тенденції та основні проблеми та підкреслено, що вітчизняний ринок електронної комерції дотримується загальних світових трендів зі специфічними векторами розвитку. Розглянуто приклади застосування в Україні інноваційних банківських цифрових інновацій, особливу увагу приділено основним крокам упровадження інноваційних технологій кредитними установами.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНІ ЕФЕКТИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ У ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННІ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА В УМОВАХ ІНДУСТРІЇ 4.0
Authors: Смоляр Л.Г. , Іляш О.І. , Трофименко О.О.
Published: February 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню трансформаційних ефектів розвитку промислового виробництва на засадах цифровізації. Визначені основні світові пріоритети щодо розвитку Індустрії 4.0 та досягнення глобальний цілей сталого розвитку, зокрема, розвиток ІКТ. Визначені основні складники та технології Індустрії 4.0 в контексті цифровізації виробництва та забезпечення позитивних ефектів промисловості. Проаналізовано динаміку доданої вартості промислового виробництва деяких країн з 2011 по 2020 рр. Візуалізовано співвідношення часток доданої вартості промислового виробництва у ВПП та доданої вартості середньо- та високотехнологічного виробництва у зрізі субіндексу ІКТ для 21 країни і визначено країн-лідерів за потенціалом цифровізації та розвитком промисловості. Визначені провідні глобальні підприємства по впровадженню проривних технології Індустрії 4.0. На мікрорівні наведені основні технології для забезпечення оптимізації виробничих ліній, визначені ключові ефекти цифровізації.
Immune titers of protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: are we there yet?
Authors: Slabakova Yoanna , Gerenska Dilyana , Ivanov Nedelcho , Velikova Tsvetelina
Published: February 2022

A few pieces of research exist about the protective titer against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2) in monkeys and humans in which the protection could be shown as dose-dependent. Early studies supposed that higher levels of pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) against SARS-CoV-2 can potentially correlate with the protection to consequent infection. The data so far showed that cellular immunity is as essential as the humoral one. If needed, its presence can be beneficial if the titer of immunoglobulins is not optimal. It is also known that the immune response to the vaccine is similar to the one after natural infection with a production of very high naturalization titers antibodies. However, medical community is still unaware of the immunoglobulin titer needed for protection against the virus. The answers to the questions regarding correlates of protection are yet to be discovered. Still, no studies indicate a specific virus-Nab titer, so one can assume a patient is protected from being infected in the future. The evoked immunological response is indeed encouraging, but a future investigation is needed. Nonetheless, it remains a mystery how long the immunity lasts and whether it will be enough to shield the patients in the long run. Therefore, identifying immune protection correlations, including neutralization titer of antibodies and T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2, could give a clue. Unfortunately, recent studies in the field have been more controversial than concise, and the data available is far from consensus.
FEMINOSENTRIC MYSTICAL REALITY AND METHODS IN MODERN WOMEN'S PROSE OF RUSSIA AND UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Teacher, Department Of Russian Language And Literature Navoi State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, N.M. Ibragimova
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the fact that the famous German scientist Karl Reichl is a modern researcher, a classification of research created in the framework of his work in the process of recording and studying scientific, scientific-pedagogical, folklore and ethnographic materials.
FROM THE HISTORY OF BUKHARA FOLK MEDICINE
Authors:   Lecturer Bukhara State Medical Institute Bukhara, Uzbekistan, Hamdamov Behzod Kh.
Published: February 2022

The most prominent representative of the doctors of Central Asia was Abu Ali Ibn-Sina (known in Europe as Avicenna), the largest doctor of the Middle Ages and one of the most prominent doctors in world history. He was born in 980 in the village of Afshana near the city of Bukhara. At the age of five, his parents transported him to Bukhara, where his studies began. From the teachers and from the books of the rich Bukhara library of the Samanids, Ibn-Sina received all the knowledge known by that time. However, Ibn Sina studied medicine deeper and most thoroughly. In his autobiography dictated by him, he said: "I took up the study of medicine, replenishing my reading with observations of patients, which taught me many methods of treatment that cannot be found in books."
A FLAMING DRAIN: ON THE ARCHIVAL SCENERY OF WINE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Phd, Tashkent State University Of Law, Uzbekistan, Tuyevna Akobirova Sarvara
Published: February 2022

In this article I am going to share my experience of using different methods of teaching English as a foreign language in non-philological educational institutions. Modern society requires competitive specialists who are able to communicate in a professional foreign language in their specialty. The question of how to teach a professionally oriented English has become more relevant today than ever. First of all, it should be said that the content of teaching a foreign language as a complex dialectical unity formed from the interaction of a certain the way of organized educational material and the process of teaching it is determined by the totality of educational, developmental and educational learning goals. In modern methods of teaching foreign languages, the main emphasis is on the formation of communicative competence. The communicative competence of a specialist can be defined as the ability of a specialist to carry out communication in the process of execution various actions and solving different problems based on specially formed knowledge and skills.
NON-VERBAL MEANS OF UZBEK AND ENGLISH SPEAKING ETHICS
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Fergana State University, Uzbekistan, Usmonova Munavvar Azimjon Qizi
Published: February 2022

The article describes the ideas of speech etiquette, methods of its use, factors of nonverbal communication.
Women’s Role in Agriculture and Food Security
Authors: Shah Amita , Lahiri-Dutt Kuntala , Pattnaik Itishree
Published: February 2022

Ushering in the next phase of agriculture in India requires a deeper understanding of the growth process across regions and socio-economic contexts with an emphasis on strengthening the role of women. This paper argues that it is critical to capture socio-cultural diversity across various agro-climatic zones to arrive at a more detailed understanding of women’s labour contributions within the changing landscape of food security. The paper is based on an extensive survey carried out in the states of Gujarat and West Bengal. The analysis shows the immense contribution of women in the agricultural sector. Women’s contribution in farms is higher in West Bengal than Gujarat, but in Gujarat their contribution in the allied sector is significant. Women’s work in farms and their involvement in decision-making are the important determining factors for maintaining household food security. Thus, women’s roles in the farm need to be strengthened for the next phase of agriculture.
Умови оборотності нелінійних автономних диференціальних операторів у просторі обмежених на осі функцій
Authors: Slyusarchuk V. Yu.
Published: February 2022

УДК 517.988.5+517.988.63
Отримано необхідні та достатні умови, коли нелінійні автономні диференціальні оператори, що визначені у просторі обмежений і неперервних на осі функцій зі значеннями в банаховому просторі, є -дифеоморфізмами.
Factors Influencing the Level of Benefits Derived from Social Group Participation
Authors: Getahun Gemechu , Chotai Nila
Published: February 2022

This research empirically examined factors influencing the level of benefits derived from social group membership in Eastern Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Methodologically the study used an explanatory research design. Quantitative data were gathered from 490 rural households of the Agricultural Growth Program (AGP) targeted districts using a multi-stage sampling technique. Multiple imputation techniques are used to deal with missed observations. An ordered logistic regression model is employed to empirically evaluate the predictors of the level of benefits derived from social group membership. The econometric results of an ordered logistic regression identified nine explanatory variables as factors influencing the benefits derived from the social group. The significant variables were marital status (p<0.05), education (p<0.05), farming status (p<0.01), mixed farming (p<0.01), livestock production (p<0.01), status in membership (p<0.01), trust index (p<0.01), decision making index (p<0.05) and labor contribution index (p<0.05). However, most of the explanatory variables were insignificant i.e. crop production, age, gender, farm size, heterogeneity index, diversity of membership index, cash meeting attendance index, and cash contribution index (not significant at less than 5% but significant at 10%) This study is very important in contributing to scarce literature related to the factors contributing to the level of benefits derived from social group participation in Ethiopia. The results are expected to support decision-makers at the local level, federal government higher ministries, and policymakers by providing empirical evidence on the factors affecting the level of benefits derived from social group participation.
PERBANDINGAN TEKNIK PEMERIKSAAN CARPAL CANAL PROYEKSI TANGENSIAL METODE GAYNORT-HART INFEROSUPERIOR DAN CARPAL CANAL SUPEROINFERIOR UNTUK MENDAPATKAN GAMBARAN OS PSIFORM
Authors: Mareta Santa -
Published: February 2022

Carpal Canal merupakan cekungan yang dibentuk oleh bagian palmar dari metacarpal. Dalam memperoleh gambaran Os pisiform tersebut ada beberapa proyeksi pemeriksaan yang sering dilakukan, salah satunya adalah carpal canal proyeksi tangensial metode gaynor-hart inferosuperior dan carpal canal superoinferior. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metode mana yang lebih bagus untuk melihat Os Psiform.

Penelitian dilakukan di Unit Radiologi RSU Aisyiyah Padang bulan September 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah Kuantitatif dengan studi eksperimen, hasil dari radiograf ini dibacakan oleh lima orang responden, data diolah menggunakan rumus Mean Score dan Statistical Product Service Solution (SPSS) dengan Uji Wilcoxon.

Hasil penelitian untuk gambaran Os Psiform yang bebas superposisi nilai rata-rata pada metode inferosuperior adalah 3,56 dan pada metode superoinferior adalah 2,64. Sedangkan menggunakan SPSS didapatkan dengan nilai signifikannya 0,039 ( p value<0,05 ) maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan dari kedua metode.

Kata Kunci : Os Psiform, Metode Inferosuperior, Metode Superoinferior
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI POLITEKNIK AL ISLAM DAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNAN GUNUNG DJATI BANDUNG
Authors: Karmilah Mila
Published: February 2022

The number of juvenile delinquency cases in Indonesia today ranging from brawls, promiscuity, drugs, and so on has become the author's interest to determine the extent to which character education implementation education has been carried out in several universities in Bandung. This research approach used a qualitative approach with a case study method that observes the sustainability of character education programs at UIN Bandung and Politeknik Al Islam Bandung. Techniques for collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation. The result showed that that the management of character education program from two tertiary institutions has been running well both with the existence of annual programs, strategic plans and annual final reports to the relevant parties. The supporting factors of the two tertiary institutions were almost the same, namely, the two universities have a religious atmosphere that was thick with Islamic norms and even with almost the same inhibiting factors, namely the development of globalization flows that influenced character development. In order for character education to produce quality graduates in accordance with existing standards and indicators, the authors need to recommend several things, 1) must understand the nature of character education 2) There was involvement of all parties 3) Need for supporting facilities and infrastructure 4) Need communication between the institution and

Keywords: Character, Education, Management
Toward Improved Understanding of Magnetic Fields Participating in Solar Flares: Statistical Analysis of Magnetic Fields within Flare Ribbons
Authors: Kazachenko Maria D. , Lynch Benjamin J. , Savcheva Antonia , Sun Xudong , Welsch Brian T.
Published: February 2022

Violent solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are magnetic phenomena. However, how magnetic fields reconnecting in the flare differ from nonflaring magnetic fields remains unclear owing to the lack of studies of the flare magnetic properties. Here we present a first statistical study of flaring (highlighted by flare ribbons) vector magnetic fields in the photosphere. Our systematic approach allows us to describe the key physical properties of solar flare magnetism, including distributions of magnetic flux, magnetic shear, vertical current, and net current over flaring versus nonflaring parts of the active region (AR), and compare these with flare/CME properties. Our analysis suggests that while flares are guided by the physical properties that scale with AR size, like the total amount of magnetic flux that participates in the reconnection process and the total current (extensive properties), CMEs are guided by mean properties, like the fraction of the AR magnetic flux that participates (intensive property), with little dependence on the amount of shear at the polarity inversion line (PIL) or the net current. We find that the nonneutralized current is proportional to the amount of shear at the PIL, providing direct evidence that net vertical currents are formed as a result of any mechanism that could generate magnetic shear along the PIL. We also find that eruptive events tend to have smaller PIL fluxes and larger magnetic shears than confined events. Our analysis provides a reference for more realistic solar and stellar flare models. The database is available online and can be used for future quantitative studies of flare magnetism.
The CGM–GRB Study. II. Outflow–Galaxy Connection at z ∼ 2–6
Authors: Gatkine Pradip , Veilleux Sylvain , Perley Daniel , Durbak Joseph , Dichiara Simone , Cenko S. Bradley , Troja Eleonora
Published: February 2022

We use a sample of 27 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) at redshift z = 2–6 to probe the outflows in their respective host galaxies (log(M
*/M
⊙) ∼ 9–11) and search for possible relations between the outflow properties and those of the host galaxies, such as M
*, the star formation rate (SFR), and the specific SFR (sSFR). First, we consider three outflow properties: outflow column density (N
out), maximum outflow velocity (V
max), and normalized maximum velocity (V
norm = V
max/V
circ,halo, where V
circ,halo is the halo circular velocity). We observe clear trends of N
out and V
max with increasing SFR in high-ion-traced outflows, with a stronger (>3σ) V
max–SFR correlation. We find that the estimated mass outflow rate and momentum flux of the high-ion outflows scale with SFR and can be supported by the momentum imparted by star formation (supernovae and stellar winds). The kinematic correlations of high-ion-traced outflows with SFR are similar to those observed for star-forming galaxies at low redshifts. The correlations with SFR are weaker in low-ion outflows. This, along with the lower detection fraction in low-ion outflows, indicates that the outflow is primarily high-ion dominated. We also observe a strong (>3σ) trend of normalized velocity (V
norm) decreasing with halo mass and increasing with sSFR, suggesting that outflows from low-mass halos and high-sSFR galaxies are most likely to escape and enrich the outer circumgalactic medium (CGM) and intergalactic medium with metals. By comparing the CGM–GRB stacks with those of starbursts at z ∼ 2 and z ∼ 0.1, we find that over a broad redshift range, the outflow strength strongly depends on the main-sequence offset at the respective redshifts, rather than simply the SFR.
Evidence for Strong Intracluster Magnetic Fields in the Early Universe
Authors: Xu J. , Han J. L.
Published: February 2022

The origin of magnetic fields in clusters of galaxies is still a matter of debate. Observations for intracluster magnetic fields over a wide range of redshifts are crucial to constrain possible scenarios for the origin and evolution of the fields. Differences in Faraday rotation measures (RMs) of an embedded double radio source, i.e., a pair of lobes of mostly Fanaroff–Riley type II radio galaxies, are free from the Faraday rotation contributions from the interstellar medium inside the Milky Way and the intergalactic medium between radio galaxies and us, and hence provide a novel way to estimate average magnetic field within galaxy clusters. We have obtained a sample of 627 pairs whose RMs and redshifts are available in the most updated RM catalogs and redshift databases. The RM differences of the pairs are derived. The statistically large RM differences for pairs of redshifts z > 0.9 indicate that intracluster magnetic fields are as strong as about 4 μG. Such strong magnetic fields in the intracluster medium at the half age of the universe, comparable to the intracluster field strength in nearby galaxy clusters, pose a challenge to the theories of the origin of cosmic magnetic fields.
Anisotropic Magnetized White Dwarfs: Unifying Under- and Overluminous Peculiar and Standard Type Ia Supernovae
Authors: Deb Debabrata , Mukhopadhyay Banibrata , Weber Fridolin
Published: February 2022

Ever since the observation of peculiar overluminous Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa), exploring possible violations of the canonical Chandrasekhar mass limit (CML) has become a pressing research area of modern astrophysics. Since its first detection in 2003, more than a dozen of peculiar overluminous SNeIa has been detected, but the true nature of the underlying progenitors is still under dispute. Furthermore there are also underluminous SNeIa whose progenitor masses appear to be well below the CML (sub-Chandrasekhar progenitors). These observations call into question how sacrosanct the CML is. We have shown recently in Paper I that the presence of a strong magnetic field, the anisotropy of dense matter, as well as the orientation of the magnetic field itself significantly influence the properties of neutron and quark stars. Here, we study these effects for white dwarfs (WDs), showing that their properties are also severely impacted. Most importantly, we arrive at a variety of mass–radius relations of WDs that accommodate sub- to super-Chandrasekhar mass limits. This urges caution when using WDs associated with SNeIa as standard candles.