bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Different Measurement Techniques as Methodology for Surveying and Monitoring Stainless Steel Chimneys
Authors: Daliga Karol , Kurałowicz Zygmunt
Published: October 2019

The measurement of a chimney axis is an engineering geodesy task. These measurements allow to assess the technical condition of chimneys and are usually carried out for reinforced concrete chimneys. When measuring high chimneys, the main problem may be the need to go a long distance to take a measurement. The surface of the chimney can also be problematic because it can absorb so much light from the range finder that total station reflectorless measurement or laser scanning will not be possible or will be affected by significant error. Chimneys made of stainless steel are also used today. They are not as high as reinforced concrete chimneys, but measuring them using reflectorless total stations or laser scanning can also be problematic. Problems arise from the reflective surface of these chimneys. The article presents a comparison of measurement results of a stainless steel chimney fragment obtained from total station measurement and laser scanning. Similarities and differences in the obtained axis of this chimney fragment are presented.
Long Non-Coding RNAs and Related Molecular Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Epilepsy
Authors: Villa Chiara , Lavitrano Marialuisa , Combi Romina
Published: October 2019

Epilepsy represents one of the most common neurological disorders characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the central nervous system (CNS). Recurrent seizures are the cardinal clinical manifestation. Although it has been reported that the underlying pathological processes include inflammation, changes in synaptic strength, apoptosis, and ion channels dysfunction, currently the pathogenesis of epilepsy is not yet completely understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of long transcripts without protein-coding capacity, have emerged as regulatory molecules that are involved in a wide variety of biological processes. A growing number of studies reported that lncRNAs participate in the regulation of pathological processes of epilepsy and they are dysregulated during epileptogenesis. Moreover, an aberrant expression of lncRNAs linked to epilepsy has been observed both in patients and in animal models. In this review, we summarize latest advances concerning the mechanisms of action and the involvement of the most dysregulated lncRNAs in epilepsy. However, the functional roles of lncRNAs in the disease pathogenesis are still to be explored and we are only at the beginning. Additional studies are needed for the complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms and they would result in the use of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets.
Characterization of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Aphis fabae in An African Smallholder Bean Farming System Through Sequencing of COI ‘Mini-barcodes’
Authors: Mkenda Prisila A. , Ndakidemi Patrick A. , Stevenson Philip C. , Arnold Sarah E. J. , Belmain Steven R. , Chidege Maneno , Gurr Geoff M. , Woolley Victoria C.
Published: October 2019

Parasitoids are among the most frequently reported natural enemies of insect pests, particularly aphids. The efficacy of parasitoids as biocontrol agents is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. For example, hyperparasitoids can reduce the abundance of the primary parasitoids as well as modify their behavior. A field study was conducted at three contrasting elevations on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, to identify the parasitoids of aphids in smallholder bean farming agroecosystems. Sentinel aphids (Aphis fabae) on potted bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris) were exposed in 15 bean fields at three elevations for 2 days. The sentinel aphids were then kept in cages in a greenhouse until emergence of the parasitoids, which were collected and preserved in 98% ethanol for identification. Of the 214 parasitoids that emerged from sentinel aphids, the greatest abundance (44.86%) were from those placed at intermediate elevations (1000–1500 m a.s.l), compared to 42.52% from the lowest elevations and only 12.62% from the highest elevation farms. Morphological identification of the parasitoids that emerged from parasitized aphids showed that 90% were Aphidius species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Further characterization by sequencing DNA ‘mini-barcodes’ identified parasitoids with ≥99% sequence similarity to Aphidius colemani, 94–95% sequence similarity to Pachyneuron aphidis and 90% similarity to a Charipinae sp. in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. These results confidently identified A. colemani as the dominant primary aphid parasitoid of A. fabae in the study area. A Pachyneuron sp., which was most closely related to P. aphidis, and a Charipinae sp. occurred as hyperparasitoids. Thus, interventions to improve landscapes and farming practice should monitor specifically how to augment populations of A. colemani, to ensure any changes enhance the delivery of natural pest regulation. Further studies are needed for continuous monitoring of the hyperparasitism levels and the dynamics of aphids, primary parasitoids, and secondary parasitoids in different cropping seasons and their implications in aphid control.
Marine Structures
Authors: Oterkus Erkan
Published: October 2019

Structural mechanics is an important field of engineering [...]
Non-Destructive Testing of Materials in Civil Engineering
Authors: Schabowicz Krzysztof
Published: October 2019

This issue was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of non-destructive testing of materials in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of non-destructive testing of different materials in civil engineering, from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of non-destructive testing of materials in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. Interesting results with significance for building practices were obtained.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence
Authors: Deans Rebecca
Published: October 2019

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in females, and is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology based on ultrasound. Controversy surrounds the optimum diagnosis and management in the adolescent population. Many patients with adult PCOS present with pathognomonic symptoms as adolescents, and there is value in early diagnosis due to the associated long-term metabolic and reproductive health sequalae. A definitive diagnosis does not need to be made prior to implementing treatment in this group of young women. The practitioner who has an adolescent presenting with signs and symptoms of PCOS, has a unique opportunity to risk stratify, screen for co-morbidities, and implement early management strategies, many of which are lifestyle modifications, to help prevent long term morbidity associated with this disease.
Unexpected Intrinsic Lability of Thiol-Functionalized Carboxylate Imidazolium Ionic Liquids
Authors: Mezzetta Andrea , Poderelli Lorenzo , D’Andrea Felicia , Pomelli Christian Silvio , Chiappe Cinzia , Guazzelli Lorenzo
Published: October 2019

New thiol-functionalized carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs), varying both for the cation and for the anion structures, have been prepared as new potential redox switching systems by reacting either 3-mercapto propionic acid (3-MPA) or N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) with commercially available methyl carbonate ILs. Different ratios of thiol/disulfide ILs were obtained depending both on the acid employed in the neutralization reaction and on the reaction conditions used. Surprisingly, the imidazolium ILs displayed limited thermal stability which resulted in the formation of an imidazole 2-thione and a new sulfide ionic liquid. Conversely, the formation of the imidazole 2-thione was not observed when phosphonium disulfide ILs were heated, thus confirming the involvement of the imidazolium ring in an unexpected side reaction. An insight into the mechanism of the decomposition has been provided by means of DFT calculations.
Optimization of the Production Process and Product Quality of Titanate Nanotube–Drug Composites
Authors: Ranjous Yasmin , Regdon Géza , Pintye-Hódi Klára , Varga Tamás , Szenti Imre , Kónya Zoltán , Sovány Tamás
Published: October 2019

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the application of nanotubular structures for drug delivery. There are several promising results with carbon nanotubes; however, in light of some toxicity issues, the search for alternative materials has come into focus. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of the applied solvent on the composite formation of titanate nanotubes (TNTs) with various drugs in order to improve their pharmacokinetics, such as solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Composites were formed by the dissolution of atenolol (ATN) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in ethanol, methanol, 0.01 M hydrochloric acid or in ethanol, 1M sodium hydroxide, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively, and then they were mixed with a suspension of TNTs under sonication for 30 min and vacuum-dried for 24 h. The structural properties of composites were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, and optical contact angle (OCA) measurements. Drug release was determined from the fast disintegrating tablets using a dissolution tester coupled with a UV–Vis spectrometer. The results revealed that not only the good solubility of the drug in the applied solvent, but also the high volatility of the solvent, is necessary for an optimal composite-formation process.
A New Lamellar Gold Thiolate Coordination Polymer, [Au(m-SPhCO2H)]n, for the Formation of Luminescent Polymer Composites
Authors: Veselska Oleksandra , Guillou Nathalie , Ledoux Gilles , Huang Chia-Ching , Dohnalova Newell Katerina , Elkaïm Erik , Fateeva Alexandra , Demessence Aude
Published: October 2019

The photoluminescence of gold thiolate clusters brings about many potential applications, but its origin is still elusive because of its complexity. A strategy in understanding the structure–properties relationship is to study closely related neutral gold thiolate coordination polymers (CPs). Here, a new CP is reported, [Au(m-SPhCO2H)]n. Its structure is lamellar with an inorganic layer made of Au–S–Au–S helical chains, similar to the [Au(p-SPhCO2H)]n analog. An in-depth study of its photophysical properties revealed that it is a bright yellow phosphorescent emitter with a band centered at 615 nm and a quantum yield (QY) of 19% at room temperature and in a solid state. More importantly, a comparison to the para-analog, which has a weak emission, displayed a strong effect of the position of the electron withdrawing group (EWG) on the luminescent properties. In addition, [Au(m-SPhCO2H)]n CPs were mixed with organic polymers to generate transparent and flexible luminescent thin films. The ability to tune the emission position with the appropriate contents makes these nontoxic polymer composites promising materials for lighting devices.
The Pros and Cons of Using Oat in a Gluten-Free Diet for Celiac Patients
Authors: Hoffmanová Iva , Sánchez Daniel , Szczepanková Adéla , Tlaskalová-Hogenová Helena
Published: October 2019

A therapeutic gluten-free diet often has nutritional limitations. Nutritional qualities such as high protein content, the presence of biologically active and beneficial substances (fiber, beta-glucans, polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential amino acids, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals), and tolerance by the majority of celiac patients make oat popular for use in gluten-free diet. The health risk of long-time consumption of oat by celiac patients is a matter of debate. The introduction of oat into the diet is only recommended for celiac patients in remission. Furthermore, not every variety of oat is also appropriate for a gluten-free diet. The risk of sensitization and an adverse immunologically mediated reaction is a real threat in some celiac patients. Several unsolved issues still exist which include the following: (1) determination of the susceptibility markers for the subgroup of celiac patients who are at risk because they do not tolerate dietary oat, (2) identification of suitable varieties of oat and estimating the safe dose of oat for the diet, and (3) optimization of methods for detecting the gliadin contamination in raw oat used in a gluten-free diet.
Single-Dose SDA-Rich Echium Oil Increases Plasma EPA, DPAn3, and DHA Concentrations
Authors: Greupner Theresa , Koch Elisabeth , Kutzner Laura , Hahn Andreas , Schebb Nils Helge , Schuchardt Jan Philipp
Published: October 2019

The omega-3 (n3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with health benefits. The primary dietary source of EPA and DHA is seafood. Alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) has not been shown to be a good source for EPA and DHA; however, stearidonic acid (SDA)—which is naturally contained in echium oil (EO)—may be a more promising alternative. This study was aimed at investigating the short-term n3 PUFA metabolism after the ingestion of a single dose of EO. Healthy young male subjects (n = 12) ingested a single dose of 26 g of EO after overnight fasting. Plasma fatty acid concentrations and relative amounts were determined at baseline and 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h after the ingestion of EO. During the whole examination period, the participants received standardized nutrition. Plasma ALA and SDA concentrations increased rapidly after the single dose of EO. Additionally, EPA and DPAn3 concentrations both increased significantly by 47% after 72 h compared to baseline; DHA concentrations also significantly increased by 21% after 72 h. To conclude, EO increases plasma ALA, SDA, EPA, DPAn3, and DHA concentrations and may be an alternative source for these n3 PUFAs.
Lactoferrin in Human Milk of Prolonged Lactation
Authors: Czosnykowska-Łukacka Matylda , Orczyk-Pawiłowicz Magdalena , Broers Barbara , Królak-Olejnik Barbara
Published: October 2019

Among the immunologically important bioactive factors present in human milk, lactoferrin (Lf) has emerged as a key player with wide-ranging features that directly and indirectly protect the neonate against infection caused by a variety of pathogens. The concentration of Lf in human milk is lactation-stage related; colostrum contains more than 5 g/L, which then significantly decreases to 2–3 g/L in mature milk. The milk of mothers who are breastfeeding for more than one year is of a standard value, containing macronutrients in a composition similar to that of human milk at later stages. The aim of this study was to evaluate lactoferrin concentration in prolonged lactation from the first to the 48th month postpartum. Lactating women (n = 120) up to 48 months postpartum were recruited to the study. The mean value of lactoferrin concentration was the lowest in the group of 1–12 months of lactation (3.39 ± 1.43 g/L), significantly increasing in the 13–18 months group (5.55 ± 4.00 g/L; p < 0.006), and remaining at a comparable level in the groups of 19–24 month and over 24 months (5.02 ± 2.97 and 4.90 ± 3.18 g/L, respectively). The concentration of lactoferrin in mother’s milk also showed a positive correlation with protein concentration over lactation from the first to the 48th month (r = 0.3374; p = 0.0002). Our results demonstrate the high immunology potential of human milk during prolonged lactation and that Lf concentration is close to the Lf concentration in colostrum. Evidence of stable or rising immunoprotein levels during prolonged lactation provides an argument for foregoing weaning; however, breastfeeding must be combined with solid foods meet the new requirements of a rapidly growing six-month or older baby.
No Association between Glucocorticoid Diurnal Rhythm in Breastmilk and Infant Body Composition at 3 Months
Authors: Hollanders Jonneke , Dijkstra Lisette , van der Voorn Bibian , Kouwenhoven Stefanie , Toorop Alyssa , van Goudoever Johannes , Rotteveel Joost , Finken Martijn
Published: October 2019

Objective: Glucocorticoids (GCs) in breastmilk have previously been associated with infant body growth and body composition. However, the diurnal rhythm of breastmilk GCs was not taken into account, and we therefore aimed to assess the associations between breastmilk GC rhythmicity at 1 month and growth and body composition at 3 months in infants. Methods: At 1 month postpartum, breastmilk GCs were collected over a 24-h period and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Body composition was measured using air-displacement plethysmography at 3 months. Length and weight were collected at 1, 2, and 3 months. Results: In total, 42 healthy mother–infant pairs were included. No associations were found between breastmilk GC rhythmicity (area-under-the-curve increase and ground, maximum, and delta) and infant growth trajectories or body composition (fat and fat free mass index, fat%) at 3 months. Conclusions: This study did not find an association between breastmilk GC rhythmicity at 1 month and infant’s growth or body composition at 3 months. Therefore, this study suggests that previous observations linking breastmilk cortisol to changes in infant weight might be flawed by the lack of serial cortisol measurements and detailed information on body composition.
Precipitation Retrieval over the Tibetan Plateau from the Geostationary Orbit—Part 1: Precipitation Area Delineation with Elektro-L2 and Insat-3D
Authors: Kolbe Christine , Thies Boris , Egli Sebastian , Lehnert Lukas , Schulz Hans , Bendix Jörg
Published: October 2019

The lack of long term and well distributed precipitation observations on the Tibetan Plateau (TiP) with its complex terrain raises the need for other sources of precipitation data for this area. Satellite-based precipitation retrievals can fill those data gaps. Before precipitation rates can be retrieved from satellite imagery, the precipitating area needs to be classified properly. Here, we present a feasibility study of a precipitation area delineation scheme for the TiP based on multispectral data with data fusion from the geostationary orbit (GEO, Insat-3D and Elektro-L2) and a machine learning approach (Random Forest, RF). The GEO data are used as predictors for the RF model, extensively validated by independent GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement Mission) IMERG (Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM) gauge calibrated microwave (MW) best-quality precipitation estimates. To improve the RF model performance, we tested different optimization schemes. Here, we find that (1) using more precipitating pixels and reducing the amount of non-precipitating pixels during training greatly improved the classification results. The accuracy of the precipitation area delineation also benefits from (2) changing the temporal resolution into smaller segments. We particularly compared our results to the Infrared (IR) only precipitation product from GPM IMERG and found a markedly improved performance of the new multispectral product (Heidke Skill Score (HSS) of 0.19 (IR only) compared to 0.57 (new multispectral product)). Other studies with a precipitation area delineation obtained a probability of detection (POD) of 0.61, whereas our POD is comparable, with 0.56 on average. The new multispectral product performs best (worse) for precipitation rates above the 90th percentile (below the 10th percentile). Our results point to a clear strategy to improve the IMERG product in the absence of MW radiances.
Competitive Capabilities for the Innovation and Performance of Spanish Construction Companies
Authors: Giménez José , Madrid-Guijarro Antonia , Duréndez Antonio
Published: October 2019

This research analyses the influence of internal capabilities, identified as strategic by the literature, on the performance and innovation of Spanish construction companies during a recessionary period. Based on this, we studied whether innovative, marketing, financial, managerial, and human capabilities affect competitive success in terms of fostering innovation and the performance of firms. Empirical evidence is provided by performing survey research with a sample of 94 Spanish construction firms. The results show that firm innovation is fostered by innovative, financial, and human capabilities, and that performance is promoted by innovation, and financial and human capabilities. Human capabilities have the most important effect on both innovation and the performance of the company.
Addition Formula and Related Integral Equations for Heine–Stieltjes Polynomials
Authors: Volkmer Hans
Published: October 2019

It is shown that symmetric products of Heine–Stieltjes quasi-polynomials satisfy an addition formula. The formula follows from the relationship between Heine–Stieltjes quasi-polynomials and spaces of generalized spherical harmonics, and from the known explicit form of the reproducing kernel of these spaces. In special cases, the addition formula is written out explicitly and verified. As an application, integral equations for Heine–Stieltjes quasi-polynomials are found.
Occurrence and Seasonal Variations of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Akbar Naveed , Nasir Muhammad , Naeem Naureen , Ahmad Mansur-ud-Din , Iqbal Sanaullah , Rashid Anjum , Imran Muhammad , Aslam Gondal Tanweer , Atif Muhammad , Salehi Bahare , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Martorell Miquel , Cho William
Published: October 2019

The manifestation of aflatoxins in feed and food is a major issue in the world as its presence leads to some health problems. This study investigates the incidence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in raw milk samples which were collected from Punjab, Pakistan. The Cluster Random Sampling technique was used to collect 960 milk samples from five different regions, and samples were collected every month. The AFM1 level in raw milk was analyzed by the ELISA technique. The findings demonstrate that 70% of samples exceeded the United States permissible maximum residue limits (MRL 0.50 µg/L), with an overall AFM1 level that ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 µg/L. AFM1 contamination varied with the season: The highest average contamination was detected in winter (0.875 µg/L), followed by autumn (0.751 µg/L), spring (0.654 µg/L), and summer (0.455 µg/L). The Eastern region exhibited the highest average AFM1 contamination (0.705 µg/L). Milk samples from the Northern region were found to be widely contaminated, as 86.9% samples exceeded the US MRL, followed by the Eastern region, with 72.3% samples being contaminated with >0.5 µg/L AFM1. The study indicated that the raw milk supply chain was heavily contaminated. Recommendations and remedial measures need to be developed by regulatory authorities to improve the raw milk quality.
To Protect and to Serve: The Military in Tibet as Described by the Fifth Dalai Lama
Authors: Venturi Federica
Published: October 2019

Cet article illustre les différents cas dans lesquels la force militaire a été employée sous le règne du Cinquième Dalaï-lama (1642-82) sur la base de sources telles que le Du ku la’i gos bzang, le journal autobiographique du Cinquième Dalaï-lama, et le Mi dbang rtogs brjod, la biographie de Polhané (1689-1747). Ces textes sont particulièrement utiles car ils fournissent des informations sur la manière dont le gouvernement naissant du Ganden Phodrang a pris en charge la légitimation des activités de guerre dans un cadre bouddhique. Ils fournissent notamment la preuve du fait que le Cinquième Dalaï-lama lui-même participait directement à l’évaluation de la situation militaire et aux décisions concernant les affaires militaires, y compris celles susceptibles d’influer sur le cours des conflits. L’analyse de ces sources permet ainsi de confirmer l’implication des hauts niveaux monastiques de l’administration gouvernementale dans les activités de guerre, et de donner à voir les éléments du discours idéologique général sur ces activités. En outre, ces textes fournissent des détails spécifiques sur les affrontements armés, tels que le nombre et la provenance géographique des soldats. Ces données, bien que peut-être exagérées et partisanes, servent à élaborer une première esquisse provisoire des troupes employées par le Ganden Phodrang.
Tibetan Troops Fighting the “Enemy of Buddhist Doctrine” (bstan dgra): The Invasions of the Gorkhas as Witnessed by Two Tibetan Masters of the Barawa (’Ba’ ra ba) Tradition
Authors: Erschbamer Marlene
Published: October 2019

Au cours du XVIIIe siècle, le Sikkim et le Tibet furent menacés par les Gurkhas du Népal, qui étaient craints pour leur cruauté, en particulier par les populations vivant près de la frontière avec le Népal. Une première invasion des Gurkhas dans le sud-ouest du Tibet en 1788 résulta en épisodes de batailles, de désordre et de pillage qui prirent fin grâce à l’intervention de l’empereur mandchou Qianlong (r. 1735-96). Lorsque les Gurkhas envahirent de nouveau le Tibet en 1791, ils allèrent jusqu’au monastère de Tashilhunpo, avant d’être de nouveau vaincus avec l’aide des forces mandchoues. Ces attaques des Gurkhas ont été observées par deux maîtres de la tradition Barawa, Ngawang Chökyi Gyatso (1755-1831) et son disciple Rinǳ in Chöying Dorjé (1772-1838), et leurs réflexions sur la guerre ont été inclues dans leurs hagiographies respectives. L’objectif de cette étude est de présenter un point de vue resté jusqu’ici inexploré, à savoir celui des maîtres bouddhistes qui ont été témoins de ces invasions au Sikkim et au Tibet, et de montrer que l’analyse de leur témoignage personnel permet une nouvelle compréhension de ces événements.
Militarisation of Dargyé Monastery: Contested Borders on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier during the Early Twentieth Century
Authors: Ryōsuke Kobayashi
Published: October 2019

En se concentrant sur le cas du monastère de Dargyé au Kham, cet article montre que le réseau transrégional des monastères Gélukpa a pris, au début du XXe siècle, de l’importance pour le gouvernement Ganden Phodrang, en permettant que ce dernier exerce son influence politique et militaire sur la frontière sino-tibétaine. Après l’effondrement de la dynastie Qing, le Kham devint une ligne de front dans les affrontements entre le gouvernement du Ganden Phodrang et les seigneurs de la guerre chinois de la province du Sichuan, en raison d’un désaccord continu concernant la démarcation de la frontière. Afin de repousser l’armée chinoise et d’étendre son contrôle territorial, le gouvernement du Ganden Phodrang procéda à la « militarisation » du monastère de Dargyé, un influent monastère Gélukpa situé près de Rongbatsa, lieu stratégique dans les conflits frontaliers sino-tibétains. Le gouvernement du Ganden Phodrang fournit au monastère de Dargyé une aide financière ainsi que des armes et y installa un système militaire basé sur le modèle de l’armée tibétaine. En analysant des sources d’archives tibétaines, chinoises et anglaises, cet article montre la façon dont le gouvernement du Ganden Phodrang a tenté de défendre une frontière sino-tibétaine fluctuante avant les années 1950, grâce à une série de batailles menées avec le réseau transrégional des monastères Gélukpa.
Aulnat (Puy-de-Dôme) and urbanisation - the theoretical problems
Authors: Collis John
Published: October 2019

Réflexions sur les «modèles» possibles du processus d’urbanisation qui marque chez les Celtes, avec la genèse des oppida, la partie récente du deuxième âge du Fer ; ils sont comparés ici aux données disponibles sur la zone centrale du territoire arverne, où les fouilles du site d’habitat de plaine d’Aulnat et des prospections en cours ou en projet sont orientées vers l’étude de ce phénomène.
On the dating of the early Breton lawcodes
Authors: Dumville David N.
Published: October 2019

Examen des critères permettant de déterminer l'origine et la date des Excerpta de Libris Romanorum et Francorum, texte de loi séculier breton. L’origine semble bien être armoricaine, comme le propose L. Fleuriot. Mais la date est difficile à préciser : les emprunts à la Lex Salica, définis par Ludwig Bieler, ne permettent pas une datation précise. Quant aux passages parallèles avec la Collectio Canonum Hibernensis, il est difficile de préciser le sens de l’emprunt (l’emprunt semble avoir été plutôt le fait de l’auteur des Excerpta). Il serait donc prudent de renoncer à la date 520 x 560 proposée par L. Fleuriot et de ranger provisoirement les Excerpta dans le VIIIe siècle.
SÍNTESIS DIRECTA DE ETER DIMETÍLICO DE SYNGAS. PARTE I: PREPARACIÓN DE LOS CATALIZADORES BIFUNCIONALES DE CuO-ZnO / HZSM-5 POR SÍNTESIS SUCESIVA Y MEZCLA FÍSICA.
Authors: Capcha Vargas Dayana M. , Lara Prado Ronald M. , Acho Sarzuri Yamil , Cabrera Saul , Lopez Luis
Published: October 2019

La síntesis directa de dimetiléter a partir de gas de síntesis (CO + H2) requiere de catalizadores bifuncionales tipo CuO-ZnO/HZSM-5, donde el CuO-ZnO realiza la síntesis de metanol dada su función de hidrogenación y la zeolita HZSM-5 realiza la deshidratación de metanol dada su función ácida. En este trabajo se comparan dos métodos de preparación del catalizador bifuncional; por síntesis sucesiva (catalizador con el nombre CuO-ZnO/S-HZSM-5) y por mezcla física (catalizador con el nombre CuO-ZnO/HZSM-5). Para ello, primero se preparó y se caracterizó CuO-ZnO, HZSM-5 y silicalita. En la preparación del catalizador bifuncional CuO-ZnO/S-HZSM-5 se incorporó
silicalita (S) para favorecer el crecimiento de cristales con estructura tipo MFI ((Zeolite Socony Mobil - FIVE). Todos los catalizadores fueron caracterizados mediante las técnicas de difracción de rayos X, reducción a temperatura programada y desorción de NH3 a temperatura programada. La cristalinidad de CuO en los catalizadores CuO-ZnO, CuO-ZnO/S-HZSM-5 y CuO-ZnO-HZSM-5 fue de 67%, 49% y 64%, respectivamente. La temperatura máxima de reducción encontrada para el CuO-ZnO/S-HZSM-5 fue de 306°C, que difiere del catalizador bifuncional por mezcla física CuO-ZnO-HZSM-5 que fue de 282°C, este cambio tiene relación con la cristalinidad de CuO, a menor cristalinidad de CuO; mayor su temperatura de reducción. El catalizador CuO-ZnO/S-HZSM-5 presenta una acidez de Brönsted igual a 0,37mol NH3/kg comparable con la acidez de zeolita pura HZSM-5 (0,41mol NH3/kg), mientras el catalizador CuO-ZnO-HZSM-5 tiene una acidez de Brönsted menor, igual a 0,25mol NH3/kg.
Finned Electric Motor with Prescribed Heat Flux and Influence of the Internal and External Heat Convection Coefficients on the Temperature of the Core
Authors: F. Soares Marcus V. , Nogueira Élcio
Published: October 2019

One of a major objective is to analyze the effect of internal and external convection coefficients in the heat transfer generated by electric motors and characterize intervals of feasible values, in practical terms, for these coefficients. Another objective is to determine the motor core temperature, considering the environmental and operational conditions of the motor installation and the heat flux Q0 (fixed) in the fins. To achieve the objectives were developed analytical solutions for determining the temperature variations in the fins, performance and electric motor efficiency, considering heat flow constant at the base of the fins and the possible variations in temperature of surround media. The heat flux at the base of the fins, in this case, is the minimum necessary for satisfactory electric motor performance and the core temperature is within the safety range stipulated by the manufacturer. The obtained results characterize a range of possible values for the inner and outer heat transfer coefficients.
Leadership Styles among the Team Leaders of Software Companies in Chennai
Authors: Ganesan @ Kanagaraj M
Published: October 2019

A team leader is a person who gives great ideas, inputs and guidance to their team members in order to achieve the goal. The primary job of the team leader is dividing the work and allocates the work to each member in the group based on their specialization. In the software, companies have a lot of teams, and the team leader’s role is very important. If the team leader is efficient, he or she can get work from others easily if the team leader is incompetent or inefficient, it’s very difficult to get work from others. Another important role of a team leader is to assess everyone contribution for a particular period. Generally judging others and evaluating others is a difficult job and complex also. In this situation, the team leader important role in evaluating the employee’s performance for a particular period, and if the performance is good team leader recommend financial and non-financial benefits. Team leader styles create a major impact of the teammates sometimes they perceived positive, and sometimes they perceive negative. In this study about leadership styles among the team leaders of software companies.
To Study the Gap between the Education and Industrial Expectations of Management Graduates
Authors: Bansal Swati , Agarwal Monica
Published: October 2019

This study was conducted to examine the difference between the industry expectations for management graduates and provides practical recommendations for strategically aligning management curricula with the proficient curricula. By identifying specific skills essential for profession success, universities can provide an improved service for their graduates and the management industry. The respondents consist of students in various fields like Business analytics, finance, Human Resources, marketing, operations, information technology etc.
A Study on Standard of Living Kalamkari Artisans
Authors: Ramya Sri G
Published: October 2019

The birth place of textiles, India has always been known for its art, crafts, tradition and culture. The soothing weaves, vibrant colours, intricate embroideries, decorative motifs, and elaborate costumes have been most sought after inspirations and possessions. The integration of tradition with methods and techniques denotes the fact that work is treated as worship, and thus has been followed with great devotion and reverence. Keeping in tune to its cultural traditions is one such textile craft, kalamkari, the hand painted and block printed textile of India. Hand painted and block printed kalamkari also known as the Machilipatnam kalamkari is widely used in clothing, home decor and lifestyle products today. The objective of this research is to understand the evolution of hand painted and block printed kalamkari and the artisans, their life style, their standard of living . Secondary data was largely collected through books and also from blogs, newspapers, articles and various websites. To understand the standard of living of the artisans, a visit was paid to Machilipatnam. The research was exploratory and the findings were mainly qualitative in nature. After collecting the sufficient information, the paper analyses issues and challenges faced by the kalamkari artisans and then introduces possible solutions. Some conclusions are developed on the basis of this analysis.
A Study on Influence of Web Quality and Self Efficacy on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) Technology Adoption by Extending the Utaut Model with Reference to Student MOOC Users
Authors: GovindAarajan P B , Krishnan A R
Published: October 2019

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) is one of the most innovative ideas in modern learning methods. It helps people for autonomous study and to share globally excellent learning resources. Despite of many advantages in adopting MOOCs, many research studies have indicated that majority of MOOC users discontinues the course whose intentions of users are not clearly known. The purpose of this research is to find the influence the Web Quality (WQ) and Self Efficacy (SE) on massive open online courses technology adoption by extending the UTAUT model. Two new constructs Web Quality (WQ) and Self Efficacy (SE) were added to the existing UTAUT model constructs Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), Facilitating Conditions (FC) and the behavioural intention to use MOOC is determined as per the model. The study was conducted among college students who use MOOC and hence the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The statistical tools used for analysis of the data are cross-tabulation, regression and for this SPSS software was used. The research revealed that web quality (WQ), and Self efficacy (SE) has significant influence on behavioural intension to use MOOC. The implication of this research is that the service providers get more light on the important factors which influence the behavioural intention to use MOOCs and to know the technology acceptance of MOOC.
Política y Ciudadanía en la Escuela: Tensiones en la Teoría y la Práctica de sua Enseñanza
Authors: Ruggiero Gustavo
Published: October 2019

Este artículo problematiza la enseñanza de la construcción de ciudadanía en la escuela, mediante el enfoque de una serie de limitaciones y posibilidadespedagógicas. Para tal propósito se toma en consideración la tensión conceptual autonomía-heteronomía propuesta por el filósofo Cornelius Castoriadis y la construcción conceptual de Alejandro Cerletti entre sujeto de la educación y sujeto de la educación.
Políticas Educacionais e o Acolhimento da Educação Filosófica
Authors: Lorieri Marcos Antônio
Published: October 2019

O texto apresenta alguns resultados de busca orientada por indagação que visou verificar se as políticas educacionais presentes em alguns momentos da história do Brasil acolheram ou não a presença do ensino de filosofia no Ensino Médio como parte da proposta de educação escolar dos jovens brasileiros. No seu desenvolvimento mostra que em determinados momentos sim, e de maneira explícita, e em outros, não. Apresenta considerações iniciais sobre a política educacional atual voltada para o Ensino Médio e sobre se nela há algum espaço que permita o acolhimento desse ensino. Conclui que, apesar das dificuldades, em princípio, sim.
Designing for Group Flow in Collaborative Cross-Platform Learning Experiences
Authors: Thompson Meredith , Zhang Laura , Seyam Mohamed Raouf , Fan Jing , Wang Annie , Perry Judy , Klopfer Eric
Published: October 2019

Technological resources have expanded the goal of education from individual knowledge acquisition to include the development of critical thinking, communication, and collaboration (Griffin, McCaw, Care, 2012; Van Roekel, 2014). This shift requires a reevaluation of what students learn (e.g. content versus skills) and how students learn in formal education settings (Saavedra & Opfer, 2012). Thus, there is a critical need to find ways to create environments that enable embodied, enactive, extended, and embedded learning and develop critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity. MIT’s Education Arcade and the MIT Game Lab are exploring ways to meet this need by developing a cross-platform, collaborative educational game with a conceptual focus on cellular biology and a developmental focus on 21st century skills. To this end, we are creating learning environments that incorporate collaborative problem solving that are connected across different contexts.
SINGLE CONTRIBUTION TO THE COMPULSORY STATE SOCIAL INSURANCE: FEATURES, TRENDS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: TULAI Oksana
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Social insurance contributes to ensuring the necessary standard of living for the population and a balanced distribution of public goods. In today's conditions of financial, social and political instability, problems of functioning of the system of compulsory state social insurance are actualized. At the same time, the issue of financial support for this system, which is part ofa single contribution to the compulsory state social insurance, is ofgreat importance. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to find out the features, trends and problematic aspects of the functioning of a single social contribution as a source of the formation of financial resources of the system of compulsory state social insurance. Results. The article deals with the issue of the functioning of a single contribution as a source of the formation of financial resources of the system of compulsory state social insurance. The monitoring of the revenues of the single contribution to the compulsory state social insurance funds is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of a single contribution to compulsory state social insurance are outlined. The attention is focused on the necessity of legalization of the fund of labor remuneration of economic entities as an important factor of influence on the financial provision of the system of compulsory state social insurance. Conclusion. In general, the principle of paying a single social contribution is practically applicable in all countries of the European Union, so the fact of its introduction brings our state closer to the generally accepted world standards. Taking into account that the income of a single social contribution to the compulsory state social insurance funds depends on the level of wagesjt is necessary to strengthen measures to create a system for stimulating the transition of workers from the shadow economy sector to the official one. Indeed, from non-payment of taxes and contributions from shadow incomes, the state loses billions of hryvnias of revenues to the state budget and funds of compulsory state social insurance, and workers remain without adequate social protection and adequate pension provision in the future. All this requires indepth study and practical solution.
THE IMPACT OF THE INTEGRATION ASSOCIATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF UKRAINE
Authors: DESYATNYUK Oksana , VOITSESHYN Vasyl
Published: October 2019

Introduction. The development of the economy of Ukraine is directly determined by the value of the export of products, in particular, in the long-term perspective, that is, in the future,

which is expressed in the export potential, which allows us to assess the level of the economic power of the state and the ability to furtherits development.

The deepening of the economic integration of Ukraine, expressed in its participation in the integration associations, when Ukraine has recently become a full member of the European Union (EU) , actualizes the issue ofthe development ofits exportpotential, afterall, the Ukraine's membership in the EU obliges it to implement its norms into the national economy, including the trade (as certifies by the participation of Ukraine in the World Trade Organization (WTO), which directly affects on its export.

Purpose. This research sets up an assessment ofthe impact ofthe membership of Ukraine in the WTO and the EU, in part ofits contractual commitments on its exportpotential.

Methods. In this research we used a cross-correlation and a correlation-regression analysis.

Results. In the course of this research we found that the effect ofthe membership of Ukraine in the WTO and the EU on the export potential is controversial, because with the expansion of the partnership and the sales markets ofthe products and the strengthening ofits competitiveness, a crisis has emerged in the Ukrainian economy generated by a regional integration, which has had a negative impact on the export potential of Ukraine.

Conclusion. This research proposes following conclusions and recommendations for improving the impact ofintegration associations on the development of the export potential of Ukraine:

• the search forsolutions to the military-political crisis in Ukraine;

• trade liberalization in the context ofthe gradual abolition of export duties on goods with the addition ofa new schedule ofremovating ofthe export duties.
Public-private partnerships in social services: foreign practices and prospects for implementation in Ukraine
Authors: Zhukovska Alina
Published: October 2019

The article outlines the issues of social infrastructure development in Ukraine. The need of addressing these issues through implementing public-private partnership projects is justified. Some priority areas for introducing public-private partnership in Ukraine are identified. The best foreign practices of attracting private sector to solving problems of social infrastructure development are considered. It is revealed that priority areas where public-private partnerships operate are dependent on the level of socio-economic development of the country. Some practices of public-private partnership projects in education in the UK, Australia, Germany, and Egypt are analyzed in detail and their common characteristics are systematized. Based on the analysis of best foreign practices applied in implementing public-private partnership projects in healthcare, the following key measures are formulated: direct provision of medical services, management of medical assets, development and production of pharmaceuticals, improvement of access to medical services and products. The performance of public-private partnership projects in the healthcare sector in the UK, France, Australia and Sweden is analyzed in detail. The paper describes both more and less successful examples of publicprivate partnership in this sector. The article defines the following reasons for low-level implementation of public-private partnership projects in healthcare: schedule delays in construction, operation-cost overruns, poor hospital and ward layout, use of low-cost medical equipment which requires regular renewal. The research also considers the best foreign practices of introducing public-private partnership projects in the field of culture. Some characteristic features of public-private partnership projects in social services in foreign countries are identified. The national practices of introducing public-private partnership projects are highlighted and priority areas of their operation are singled out. It is found out that the implementation of public-private partnership projects in social services is not popular among domestic investors. Some individual projects of public-private partnership in social services are considered. A particular attention is paid to both more and less successful ones. The main problems of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in the national education, healthcare, culture are outlined and ways for their solution are proposed.