bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of Spine Surgery Research from the Arab Countries: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Baeesa Saleh S. , Maghrabi Yazid , Msaddi Abdul Karim , Assaker Richard
Published: February 2017

Purpose. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the level of evidence (LOE) of spine surgery publications in the Arab countries and compare it with standard international literature in spine surgery and to determine the stand of the Arab nations academic production with that of the global one. Methods. An online search using “PubMed” and “Google Scholar” was carried out, using search terms related to spine surgery such as “Spine surgery,” “Scoliosis,” “Herniated disc.” Each article was reviewed and graded by two reviewers using Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Levels of Evidence scale. Results. We have identified 434 articles that met the inclusion criteria; 56% were level IV studies. The most common study design was case reports (42%). The number of Arab countries with publications in spine surgery was 18 countries. The country with the highest rate of publications was Egypt (26%). The quantity of the published studies increased from 151 in (2000–2008) to 283 in (2009–2015). There is statistical significance between high and low LOE articles (p=0.0007). Conclusion. We have observed that LOE has not changed significantly over the period of 15 years and that much of the publications are of a low LOE (levels III and IV). We, herein, emphasize the need for spine surgeons in the Arab countries to conduct studies of higher LOE.
The SIESTA Trial: A Randomized Study Investigating the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Acupressure versus Sham Therapy for Improving Sleep Quality in Patients with End‐Stage Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis
Authors: Shen Kunyu , Cho Yeoungjee , Pascoe Elaine M. , Hawley Carmel M. , Oliver Veronica , Hughes Kathryn M. , Baer Richard , Frazier Jeremy , Jarvis Elizabeth , Tan Ken-Soon , Liu Xusheng , Gobe Glenda , Johnson David W.
Published: February 2017

Objectives. To compare the effectiveness of real acupressure versus sham acupressure therapy in improving sleep quality in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) or hemodiafiltration (HDF). Methods. A multicenter, single‐blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted in two Australian dialysis units located in Princess Alexandra Hospital and Logan Hospital, respectively. Forty‐two subjects with self‐reported poor sleep quality were randomly assigned to real (n = 21) or sham (n = 21) acupressure therapy delivered thrice weekly for four consecutive weeks during routine dialysis sessions. The primary outcome was the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score measured at week four adjusted for baseline PSQI measurements. Secondary outcomes were quality of life (QOL) (SF‐8), adverse events, and patient acceptability (treatment acceptability questionnaire, TAQ). Results. The two groups were comparable on global PSQI scores (difference 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.32 to 1.70) and on the subscale scores. Similar results were observed for QOL both in the mental (difference −3.88, 95% CI −8.63 to 0.87) and the physical scores (difference 2.45, 95% CI −1.69 to 6.58). There were no treatment‐related adverse events and acupressure was perceived favorably by participants. Conclusion. Acupressure is a safe, well‐tolerated, and highly acceptable therapy in adult hemodialysis patients in a Western healthcare setting with uncertain implications for therapeutic efficacy.
Singleton Merten Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Early Onset Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Ghadiam Harshavardhan , Mungee Sudhir
Published: February 2017

Singleton Merten syndrome (SMS) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder with variable expression. Its characteristic features include abnormal aortic calcification, abnormal ossification of extremities, and dental anomalies. We present a young man with dyspnea who was noted to have aortic stenosis in the background of glaucoma, psoriasis, dental anomalies, hand and foot deformities, Achilles tendinitis, osteopenia, and nephrolithiasis. The conglomeration of features led to the diagnosis of SMS. His mother had a very similar phenotype.
Charmonium Mass Spectrum with Spin-Dependent Interaction in Momentum-Helicity Space
Authors: Radin M.
Published: February 2017

In this paper we have solved the nonrelativistic form of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation in the momentum-helicity space by inserting a spin-dependent quark-antiquark potential model numerically. To this end, we have used the momentum-helicity basis states for describing a nonrelativistic reduction of one-gluon exchange potential. Then we have calculated the mass spectrum of the charmonium ψcc¯, and finally we have compared the results with the other theoretical results and experimental data.
Theoretical Study about the Effect of Halogen Substitution on the Reactivity of Antitumor 3-Formylchromones and Their Free Radicals
Authors: Martínez-Cifuentes Maximiliano , Weiss-López Boris , Araya-Maturana Ramiro
Published: February 2017

The mandatory presence of a chlorine atom on the aromatic ring of 6-hydroxy-3-formyl angular chromones, on the respiration inhibition of mammary carcinoma mouse, is explained through a computational study of these compounds. This study analyzes the reactivity of the neutral molecules and their free radicals, in gas phase and with water solvation, incorporated by the polarizable continuum medium (PCM) approach. Electrophilic reactivities were evaluated using Fukui (f+) and Parr (P+) functions. The stabilities of radical species formed by the abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the O-H bond were evaluated by bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) and spin density (SD) calculations. This study has potential implications for the design of chromone analogues as anticancer compounds.
MIMO SAR Imaging for Wide‐Swath Based on Compressed Sensing
Authors: Liu Feng , Mu Shanxiang , Lv Wanghan
Published: February 2017

To reduce the amount of data to be stored and software/hardware complexity and suppress range ambiguity, a novel MIMO SAR imaging based on compressed sensing is proposed under the condition of wide‐swath imaging. Random phase orthogonal waveform (RPOW) is designed for MIMO SAR based on compressed sensing (CS). Echo model of sparse array in range and compressive sampling is reconstructed with CS theory. Resolution in range imaging is improved by using the techniques of digital beamforming (DBF) in transmit. Zero‐point technique based on CS is proposed with DBF in receive and the range ambiguity is suppressed effectively. Comprehensive numerical simulation examples are performed. Its validity and practicality are validated by simulations.
High Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Cardiovascular Mortality in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Li Han , Lu Xiangxue , Xiong Ruifang , Wang Shixiang
Published: February 2017

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a novel simple biomarker of inflammation. It has emerged as a predictor of poor prognosis in cancer and cardiovascular disease in general population. But little was known of its prognostic value in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. Here we investigated the association between NLR and cardiovascular risk markers, including increased pulse pressure (PP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and intima-media thickness (IMT), and mortality in HD patients. Two hundred and sixty-eight HD patients were enrolled in this study and were followed for 36 months. The primary end point was all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Multivariable Cox regression was used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratios for NLR on all-cause and cardiovascular survival. We pinpointed that higher NLR in HD patients was a predictor of increased PP, LVMI, and IMT; HD patients with higher NLR had a lower survival at the end of the study; furthermore, high NLR was an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality when adjusted for other risk factors. In conclusion, higher NLR in HD patients was associated with cardiovascular risk factors and mortality.
Salivary Distinctiveness and Modifications in Males with Diabetes and Behçet’s Disease
Authors: Aljerf Loai , Alhaffar Iyad
Published: February 2017

Oral diseases associated with systematic diseases as metabolic and vasculitic have been included in this paper. This will enhance our understanding of the salivary function in promoting healthy oral condition. The study investigates the effects of type I and type II diabetes mellitus in well-controlled diabetic patients, in addition toBehçet disease (BD)on saliva flow rate (SFR), pH, the decay, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT) index, glucose, and major earth-alkaline ions (Ca2+and Mg2+) compared to healthy males and age-matched controls. Saliva samples were collected from 1403 male human subjects, distributed on 7 levels including 3 control groups, and analyzed. The symptoms and clinical observations were enrolled. A preprandial salivary glucose has illustrated statistically strong significant and positive correlations withHbA1cand blood glucose levels. TIDM saliva showed lower pH, SFR, and Ca2+but higher Mg2+, caries risk, and poor metabolic control. These led to dysfunction of secretory capacity of salivary glands. TIIDM proved higher SFR, DMFT, and glucose than TIDM patients. DM oral calcium has decreased by age while magnesium sharply slopes at seniority. BD oral fluid is associated with lower glucose and minerals but noticeably with both higher pH and DMFT.
Effect of 5,000 ppm Fluoride Dentifrice or 1,100 ppm Fluoride Dentifrice Combined with Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride on Caries Lesion Inhibition and Repair
Authors: Fernández Constanza E. , Tenuta Livia Maria Andaló , Del Bel Cury Altair Antoninha , Nóbrega Diego Figueiredo , Cury Jaime Aparecido
Published: February 2017

High fluoride dentifrice (FD; 5,000 ppm F) has been recommended to arrest root dentine lesions and to control enamel caries in high-risk patients. Also, standard FD (1,100 ppm F) in combination with professional fluoride application has been recommended to control dentine caries, but the effect of this combination on enamel has been considered modest. Considering the lack of evaluation comparing the use of 5,000 ppm FD (5,000-FD) versus acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application combined with 1,100 ppm FD (1,100-FD) on the inhibition and repair of caries lesions in both enamel and dentine, we conducted this in situ, double-blind, crossover study of 3 phases of 14 days. In each phase, 18 volunteers wore palatal appliances containing enamel and root dentine specimens, either sound or carious, to evaluate the effect of the treatments on the inhibition or repair of caries lesions, respectively. The treatments were non-FD (negative control), 5,000-FD, or 1 APF gel application on dental specimens combined with 1,100-FD used twice per day (APF + 1,100-FD). The reduction of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization were assessed by surface and cross-sectional hardness. Fluoride concentration was determined on dental specimens and on the formed biofilm. For enamel, APF + 1,100-FD and 5,000-FD did not differ regarding the inhibition of demineralization and repair of caries lesions. However, for dentine the difference between these treatments was inconclusive because while APF + 1,100-FD was more effective than 5,000-FD in caries lesion reduction and repair, 5,000-FD was more effective than APF + 1,100-FD in the reduction of surface demineralization. Therefore, the findings show that the combination of APF + 1,100-FD is as effective as 5,000-FD in enamel inhibition of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization.
Assessment and Outcome in Non-Traditional Cochlear Implant Candidates
Authors: Heywood Rebecca L. , Vickers Deborah A. , Pinto Francesca , Fereos George , Shaida Azhar
Published: February 2017

The objectives of this study were to assess: (i) patient expectations met as a measure of outcome in early-deafened, late-implanted (non-traditional) cochlear implant recipients and (ii) pre-implantation predictive factors for postoperative speech perception. The notes of 13 recipients were retrospectively reviewed. The mean age at onset of profound deafness was 1.5 years (range 0-6). The mean age at implantation was 37 years (range 22-51 years). Patient expectations were assessed pre-operatively and 1 year after implantation. They were met or exceeded in 129/140 (92%) domains overall. A higher Speech Intelligibility Rating and audiovisual City University of New York sentence score before implantation were found to be positive predictive factors for improved speech discrimination after cochlear implantation.
Skull Base and Cervical Spine Involvement in Jansen Syndrome: Case Report
Authors: Khan Rabia , Oakes Peter , Fisahn Christian , Burgess Brittni , Kirkpatrick Kristina M. , Oskouian Rod J. , Tubbs R. Shane , Blount Jeffrey P.
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Jansen type (JMD), is a rare form of endochondral ossification resulting in short limbs and dwarfism. Case Report: A child presented with JMD and was found to have involvement of the cervical spine. Conservative treatment was given to the patient who at the long-term follow-up continues to have no neurological findings or cervical spine instability. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this case represents the first report of involvement of the superior cervical spine in a patient with JMD. Clinicians should be aware of this potential albeit rare finding.
Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Treatment with the Pipeline Embolization Device: A Single-Center Experience with Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Sultan-Qurraie Ali , Sattar Ahsan , Wazni Wled , Noufal Mazen , Zaidat Osama
Published: February 2017

Introduction: The pipeline embolization device (PED) is increasingly used in the endovascular management of cerebral aneurysms. Longitudinal data regarding safety and benefit of the PED in anterior communicating (ACOM) artery aneurysms are limited and particularly lacking in residual ACOM artery aneurysms. We report the use of the PED in 3 patients with ACOM artery aneurysms who were previously coiled. Methods: Three patients with ACOM artery aneurysms, all previously treated with coiling and with recurrence of the aneurysm neck, were treated with the PED. All obtained follow-up diagnostic cerebral angiograms at either 3 or 6 months. Results: Mean age of patients was 59 years. All patients received cerebral angiograms at a minimum of 3 months after treatment with the PED. Follow-up angiography was performed up to a mean of 10 months at which time point all cases demonstrated complete aneurysm occlusion, without any stenosis in the parent artery. Conclusion: The PED can be safely used for the treatment of ACOM artery aneurysms. Complete aneurysm obliteration can be achieved in cases refractory to endovascular coiling. These findings warrant replication in a larger data set.
Introduction of an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Protocol for Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Sugi Motohiko , Matsuda Tadashi , Yoshida Takashi , Taniguchi Hisanori , Mishima Takao , Yanishi Masaaki , Komai Yoshihiro , Yasuda Kaneki , Kinoshita Hidefumi , Yoshida Kenji , Watanabe Masato
Published: February 2017

Introduction: No studies have shown whether the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is superior to the conventional protocol after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP). We compared intestinal function and perioperative parameters of patients with prostate cancer after the ERAS and conventional protocols to determine the superior protocol for recovery of intestinal function. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 198 consecutive patients who underwent RALP between August 2013 and June 2015 was conducted. Our study design included 2 cohorts. Patients underwent conventional care in one group (n = 123) and the ERAS protocol in the other group (n = 75). The primary outcome was the time to first defecation. Secondary outcomes were perioperative parameters and the complication rate. Results: The ERAS group showed a significantly shorter time to first defecation than did the conventional group (p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that selection of the ERAS protocol was significantly associated with the number of days for first time to defecation. Conclusions: Successful application of an ERAS protocol was applied to our patients who underwent RALP and did not have major complications. The ERAS protocol included enhanced intestinal recovery. The ERAS group showed a significantly shorter time to first defecation than did the conventional group.
ENETS Consensus Recommendations for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Follow-Up and Documentation
Authors: Knigge U. , Capdevila J. , Bartsch D.K. , Baudin E. , Falkerby J. , Kianmanesh R. , Kos-Kudla B. , Niederle B. , Nieveen van Dijkum E. , O'Toole D. , Pascher A. , Reed N. , Sundin A. , Vullierme M.-P. ,   all other Antibes Consensus Conference participants
Published: February 2017

ENETS consensus recommendations for the standards of care in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) concerning follow-up and documentation are considered in this review. The documentation of patients with NEN should include the most relevant data characterizing an individual patient from the first contact with his/her physician/hospital until his/her last presentation during follow-up. It is advocated that follow-up occurs in specialized NEN centers with regular NEN tumor boards with expert panels. The follow-up should be in accordance with the ENETS consensus guidelines from 2011 and 2016, the present and coming WHO classification and ENETS/UICC recommendations for TNM staging. The recommendations for follow-up in patients with thymic, bronchopulmonary and gastroenteropancreatic NEN are given in Table 1. However, it should be stressed that evidence-based studies for follow-up are largely missing.
Neonatal and Maternal Short-Term Outcome Parameters in Instrument-Assisted Vaginal Delivery Compared to Second Stage Cesarean Section in Labour: A Retrospective 11-Year Analysis
Authors: Polkowski Moritz , Kuehnle Elna , Schippert Cordula , Kundu Sudip , Hillemanns Peter , Staboulidou Ismini
Published: February 2017

Background: This study is aimed at comparing the neonatal and maternal short-term outcomes after instrumental-assisted vaginal delivery and cesarean section (CS) in labour. Methods: This retrospective study over a period of 11 years included singleton pregnancies above 34 + 0 gestational weeks, giving birth either by instrumental-assisted delivery or CS in labour. Maternal and neonatal outcome parameters were analysed using t test or linear regression. Results: A total of 1,971/2,571 deliveries were included for analysis: 149 forceps-, 393 vacuum-assisted deliveries and 1,420 CS in labour. Regarding maternal outcome, the rate of severe anaemia and hemorrhage in women who delivered by CS in labour was lower than in instrumental-assisted delivery. Analysis of neonatal outcome parameters showed a lower cord pH <7.20 in CS; however, 5-min Apgar score and the need for intervention did not differ with the mode of delivery. The mode of anaesthesia affected the neonatal recovery rate. Subanalysis within instrumental deliveries showed reduced rates of vaginal tears, but higher rates of episiotomy in forceps-assisted deliveries. Except for higher rates of cephalhaematomas after ventouse, no differences were detected regarding further neonatal outcome measures. Conclusion: Assuming that indication and application is correct, vaginal instrumental-assisted delivery can be considered as an alternative delivery mode to second stage CS in labour.
Transvesical Suprapubic Externalization of Ureteral Stents - Introduction of a Surgical Innovation at the Development Stage
Authors: Gerullis Holger , Schwartmann Klaus , Ecke Thorsten H. , Georgas Evangelos , Herberg Philip , Winter Alexander , Wawroschek Friedhelm , Barski Dimitri , Otto Thomas
Published: February 2017

Background and Objectives: In this study, we describe our first experiences with the new method of transvesical suprapubic externalization of ureteral stents. This method is assessed in patients with incurable ureteral obstruction and concomitant bladder dysfunction, and is classified according to the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-Term Study (IDEAL) recommendations. Patients and Methods: From 2009 to 2015, transvesical suprapubic externalization of ureteral stents was applied in 14 (8 males, 6 females) patients with incurable ureteral obstruction of malignant (n = 9, 64%) or benign (n = 5; 36%) etiology. All the patients had concomitant bladder pathologies that impaired quality of life (QoL). Classification according to IDEAL followed the respective recommendations. Results: Only minor complications, except 1 major complication not directly related to the procedure, were observed. QoL improvement was reported in all patients. The duration for this surgery was 45 (17-86) min; however, it varied between genders (female 37 min, male 51 min). The mean follow-up period was 26.6 months ranging from 12 to 73 months. Transvesical suprapubic externalization of ureteral stents resulted in a stable renal function and the elimination of urinary leakage via a compromised bladder in all patients. Conclusions: Transvesical externalization of ureteral stents is a feasible method for urinary diversion, which seems to improve patients' QoL in appropriate indications. The method can be classified as IDEAL stage 2a.
MicroRNA-218 Increases the Sensitivity of Bladder Cancer to Cisplatin by Targeting Glut1
Authors: Li Peng , Yang Xiao , Cheng Yidong , Zhang Xiaolei , Yang Chengdi , Deng Xiaheng , Li Pengchao , Tao Jun , Yang Haiwei , Wei Jifu , Tang Jingyuan , Yuan Wenbo , Lu Qiang , Xu Xiaoting , Gu Min
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: MicroRNA-218 (miR-218) is down-regulated in many malignancies that have been implicated in the regulation of diverse processes in cancer cells. However, the involvement of miR-218 in chemo-sensitivity to cisplatin and the precise mechanism of this action remained unknown in bladder cancer. Methods: qRT-PCR was used to detect miR-218 and its target Glut1 expression in bladder cancer cell lines T24 and EJ. CCK-8 method was utilized to measure the cell viability. IC 50 was calculated via a probit regression model. Glut1 was detected by western blotting for analysis of potential mechanism. Luciferase reporter assay was utilized to validate Glut1 as a direct target gene of miR-218. The intracellular level of GSH and ROS were determined using a commercial colorimetric assay kit and 2’, 7’-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate, respectively. Results: Over-expression of miR-218 significantly reduced the rate of glucose uptake and total level of GSH and enhanced the chemo-sensitivity of bladder cancer to cisplatin. Mechanistically, Glut1 was found to be a direct and functional target of miR-218. Up-regulation of Glut1 could restore chemo-resistance in T24 and EJ cells. On the contrary, knockdown of Glut1 could generate a similar effect as up-regulating the expression of miR-218. Conclusions: MiR-218 increases the sensitivity of bladder cancer to cisplatin by targeting Glut1. Restoration of miR-218 and repression of glut1 may provide a potential strategy to restore chemo-sensitivity in bladder cancer.
Extracellular HMGB1 Modulates Glutamate Metabolism Associated with Kainic Acid-Induced Epilepsy-Like Hyperactivity in Primary Rat Neural Cells
Authors: Kaneko Yuji , Pappas Colleen , Malapira Teresita , Vale Fernando Ĺ. , Tajiri Naoki , Borlongan Cesar V.
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: Neuroinflammatory processes have been implicated in the pathophysiology of seizure/epilepsy. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a non-histone DNA binding protein, behaves like an inflammatory cytokine in response to epileptogenic insults. Kainic acid (KA) is an excitotoxic reagent commonly used to induce epilepsy in rodents. However, the molecular mechanism by which KA-induced HMGB1 affords the initiation of epilepsy, especially the role of extracellular HMGB1 in neurotransmitter expression, remains to be elucidated. Methods: Experimental early stage of epilepsy-related hyperexcitability was induced in primary rat neural cells (PRNCs) by KA administration. We measured the localization of HMGB1, cell viability, mitochondrial activity, and expression level of glutamate metabolism-associated enzymes. Results: KA induced the translocation of HMGB1 from nucleus to cytosol, and its release from the neural cells. The translocation is associated with post-translational modifications. An increase in extracellular HMGB1 decreased PRNC cell viability and mitochondrial activity, downregulated expression of glutamate decarboxylase67 (GAD67) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1/2), and increased intracellular glutamate concentration and major histocompatibility complex II (MHC II) level. Conclusions: That a surge in extracellular HMGB1 approximated seizure initiation suggests a key pathophysiological contribution of HMGB1 to the onset of epilepsy-related hyperexcitability.
Blocking IL-17A Alleviates Diabetic Retinopathy in Rodents
Authors: Qiu Ao-Wang , Liu Qing-Huai , Wang Jun-Ling
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: Interleukin (IL)-17A, a proinflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in several autoimmune diseases. However, it is unclear whether IL-17A is involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most serious complications of autoimmune diabetes. This study aimed to demonstrate that IL-17A exacerbates DR by affecting retinal Müller cell function. Methods: High glucose (HG)-treated rat Müller cell line (rMC-1) was exposed to IL-17A, anti-IL-17A-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) or/and anti-IL-17 receptor (R)A-neutralizing mAb for 24 h. For in vivo study, DR was induced by intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ). DR model mice were treated with anti-IL-17A mAb or anti-IL-17RA mAb in the vitreous cavity. Mice that were prepared for retinal angiography were sacrificed two weeks after intravitreal injection, while the rest were sacrificed two days after intravitreal injection. Results: IL-17A production and IL-17RA expression were increased in both HG-treated rMC-1 and DR retina. HG induced rMC-1 activation and dysfunction, as determined by the increased GFAP, VEGF and glutamate levels as well as the downregulated GS and EAAT1 expression. IL-17A exacerbated the HG-induced rMC-1 functional disorders, whereas either anti-IL-17A mAb or anti-IL-17RA mAb alleviated the HG-induced rMC-1 disorders. Intravitreal injections with anti-IL-17A mAb or anti-IL-17RA mAb in DR model mice reduced Müller cell dysfunction, vascular leukostasis, vascular leakage, tight junction protein downregulation and ganglion cell apoptosis in the retina. Conclusions: IL-17A aggravates DR-like pathology at least partly by impairing retinal Müller cell function. Blocking IL-17A is a potential therapeutic strategy for DR.
A Feedback Loop Between miR-30a/c-5p and DNMT1 Mediates Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Han Xi , Zhen Shuai , Ye Zhongxue , Lu Jiaojiao , Wang Lijie , Li Pan , Li Jie , Zheng Xia , Li Huijin , Chen Wei , Zhao Le , Li Xu
Published: February 2017

Background: Many microRNAs (miRs) are dysregulated in cancers, and aberrant miR expression patterns have been suggested to correlate with chemo-resistance of cancer cells. We aim to study the role of miR-30 family members in cisplatin-resistance of ovarian cancer cells. Methods: qRT-PCR was used to compare differential expression levels of miR-30 family members in ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and its cisplatin-resistant derivative CP70. Changes of cisplatin-sensitivity in miR-30a-5p- and miR-30c-5p-overexpressed-CP70 cells and miR-30a-5p- and miR-30c-5p-inhibited-A2780 cells were examined by CCK8 assay and apoptosis analysis using flow cytometry; targets of miR-30a/c-5p were analyzed by western blotting and luciferase reporter assay; methylation regulation of pre-miR-30a/c-5p was examined by methylation specific PCR. Results: miR-30a-5p and miR-30c-5p, in contrast to other miR-30 family members, dramatically decreased in cisplatin-resistant CP70 cells due to overexpressed-DNMT1 induced aberrant methylation. miR-30a/c-5p in turn directly inhibited DNMT1 as well as Snail. Forced expression of miR-30a/c-5p or knocking down of DNMT1 and Snail promoted cisplatin susceptibility and partially reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CP70 cells, while inhibition of miR-30a/c-5p or ectopic expression of DNMT1 and Snail induced cisplatin resistance and partial EMT in cisplatin-sensitive A2780 cells. Conclusions: A feedback loop between miR-30a/c-5p and DNMT1 is a potent signature for cisplatin-resistance and EMT in ovarian cancer, promising a potential target for improved anti-cancer treatment.
Luteolin Enhances Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase Activity through p38 MAPK Signaling thus Improving Rat Cardiac Function after Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Zhu Shasha , Xu Tongda , Luo Yuanyuan , Zhang Yingying , Xuan Haochen , Ma Yanfeng , Pan Defeng , Li Dongye , Zhu Hong
Published: February 2017

Background/Aims: A major challenge for current therapeutic strategies against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the lack of effective drugs. Considering luteolin enhances the activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) to improve the systolic/diastolic function of rat hearts and cardiomyocytes during the I/R process, we studied the regulatory function of the p38 MAPK pathway in this protective mechanism. Methods: Isolated cardiomyocytes and perfused hearts were separately divided into five groups and used to investigate I/R. The phosphorylation of p38 and phospholamban (p-PLB), the levels and activity of SERCA2a and the levels of proteins related to apoptosis were measured. Apoptotic cells were assessed using the TUNEL assay. Single-cell shortening, Ca2+ transients, and the decay of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were detected. Results: The p38 MAPK pathway was activated during the I/R process, and inhibiting it with SB203580 promoted p-PLB, which enhanced the activity of SERCA2a and relieved the calcium overload to promote the recovery of the Δψm and reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis in I/R. Luteolin also suppressed the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway and showed cardioprotective effects during I/R injury. Conclusions: We conclude that luteolin enhances SERCA2a activity to improve systolic/diastolic function during I/R in rat hearts and cardiomyocytes by attenuating the inhibitive effects of the p38 pathway on p-PLB.
РОЛЬ МУЛЬТИМЕДІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПОЛІПШЕННІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ТА ЗАСВОЄННЯ ПАТОФІЗІОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Vepriuk Yu. M. , Rohovyi Yu. Ye.
Published: February 2017

У представленій публікації пропонується впровадити у навчальний процес нові розробки мультимедійних технологій, у яких об’єднані текстова, графічна, відеоінформація та анімація складних патологічних процесів, станів і реакцій, що дасть можливість істотно поліпшити засвоєння провідної теоретичної дисципліни з домінуючим напруженням таких сфер людської свідомості, як мислення та інтелект, і забезпечити цілеспрямоване, систематичне й послідовне впровадження в практику оригінальних, новаторських способів, що охоплюють цілісний навчальний процес від визначення його мети до очікуваних результатів.
СИМУЛЯЦІЙНЕ НАВЧАННЯ У МЕДИЦИНІ – СКЛАДОВА ЧАСТИНА У ПРОЦЕСІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЛІКАРЯ-СПЕЦІАЛІСТА
Authors: Korda M. M. , Shulhai A. H. , Zaporozhan S. Y. , Kritsak M. Yu.
Published: February 2017

У статті висвітлено актуальність впровадження симуляційного навчання у медицині у процесі підготовки спеціалістів у вищому навчальному закладі й медичну практику лікарів-інтернів та практикуючих лікарів. Показано формування і структуру навчально-практичного центру симуляційного навчання, його роль у засвоєнні знань та вмінь у процесі підготовки лікарів-спеціалістів. Нові підходи до медичної освіти, які дозволяють студентам-медикам вчитися та практикуватися і на чужих помилках, і на власних, не ризикуючи при цьому життям і здоров’ям пацієнтів. Саметакимпідходомєсимуляційненавчання.
ДОСВІД ОСВОЄННЯ ПРАКТИЧНИХ НАВИЧОК СТУДЕНТАМИ НА КАФЕДРІ ПРОПЕДЕВТИКИ ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ В УМОВАХ СИМУЛЯЦІЙНОГО ЦЕНТРУ
Authors: Andreychyn S. M. , Bilkevych N. A. , Chernets T. Yu. , Buhai B. H. , Lykhatska V. O. , Vereshchahina N. Ya. , Kavetska N. A. , Kuziv P. P. , Ruda M. M. , Yarema N. Z. , Hanberher I. I. , Kucher S. V.
Published: February 2017

У статті розглянуто можливості методу симуляційного навчання у світлі сучасних уявлень про процес засвоєння інформації та набуття практичних компетенцій. Проаналізовано власний досвід проведення практичних занять для студентів ІІ-ІІІ курсів медичного університету на основі наявних у наукових публікаціях даних про результати впровадження методу симуляційного навчання  у медичних вищих навчальних закладах України.
ЕФЕКТИВНІ СКЛАДОВІ ЯКІСНОЇ ОЦІНКИ КЛІНІЧНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ У ПРОЦЕСІ ВИВЧЕННЯ ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ МЕДИЦИНИ
Authors: Vatseba M. O.
Published: February 2017

Статтю присвячено проблемі використання клінічного мислення як ефективного методу навчання студентів. Загальним завданням вищої медичної школи є підготовка практичного лікаря, здатного до діагностики, лікування тапрофілактики захворювання. Курс клінічного мислення – це метод навчання професійної діяльності за допомогою її моделювання, близького до реальних умов, з обов’язковим динамічним розвитком розв’язуваної ситуації, завдання або проблеми в чіткій відповідності наступних подій з характером рішень та дій. Розглядається проблема доцільності використання даного методу під час навчання студентів-медиків.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ СТУДЕНТІВ ПРИ ВИВЧЕННІ ПРЕДМЕТА “СЕСТРИНСЬКА ПРАКТИКА”
Authors: Zozuliak N. V.
Published: February 2017

Студенти 3 курсу вищих медичних закладів вивчають важливий для кожного практичного лікаря предмет “Сестринська практика”. Після опанування даного предмета студент має оволодіти вмінням виконувати різноманітні медичні маніпуляції. У зв’язку з реорганізацією навчальної програми великий обсяг матеріалу відведено на самостійне вивчення. Для кращого засвоєння матеріалу студентам запропоновано використовувати такий алгоритм: самостійна підготовка вдома, використовуючи рекомендовану літературу та відео з інтернету, а також відвідування навчальних баз кафедри. У результаті предмет засвоюється набагато ефективніше, а заняття проходить цікавіше для студентів.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОНТРОЛЮ ЗНАНЬ СТУДЕНТІВ ПРИ ВИВЧЕННІ МЕДИЧНОЇ ХІМІЇ В УМОВАХ КРЕДИТНО-ТРАНСФЕРНОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Karpets M. V.
Published: February 2017

Згідно з принципами європейської кредитно-трансферної системи навчання поточний контроль знань на кафедрі біологічної і медичної хімії ІФНМУ здійснюється на кожному занятті. Для систематичного контролю і стимулювання регулярного навчання студентів на заняттях викладач оцінює всі форми роботи. Рейтингова система оцінювання успішності та визначення академічного рейтингу студентів забезпечує реалізацію дидактичного принципу свідомості студентів у навчанні, активізує навчальну роботу протягом семестру, спонукає студентів працювати систематично та самостійно. Дуже важливо формувати у студентів-медиків у процесі навчання системний підхід до розуміння функціонування організму в цілому і його взаємодію з навколишнім середовищем, розвивати в них логічне мислення, а також уміння аналізувати, синтезувати, порівнювати, прогнозувати.
ДОСВІД ПІДГОТОВКИ ІНОЗЕМНИХ ГРОМАДЯН З АНГЛОМОВНОЮ ФОРМОЮ НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Savka I. H. , Savka S. D. , Yurniuk S. V.
Published: February 2017

У статті висвітлено особливості підготовки іноземних студентів з англомовною формою навчання на додипломному етапі у ВДНЗ України “Буковинський державний медичний університет”. Розкриті основні інструменти контролю за процесами набуття знань, опанування основних навичок та вмінь, ходом підготовки до ліцензійних інтегрованих іспи­тів “Krok 1, 2. Medicine” та іспитів для підтвердження дипломів на батьківщині випускників. Показана роль цього виду підготовки фахівців як одного з перспективних напрямків діяльності вищого навчального закладу. Окреслені перспективи подальших розвідок у вказаному напрямку.
Effects of different regimens of PGF2α treatment during postpartum on reproductive performance in dairy cows
Authors: Sani Reza Narenji , Mohammadi Hamid Reza , Mahdavi Ali , Dadashpour Hosein
Published: February 2017

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do tratamento pós-parto precoce com PGF2α sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de vacas leiteiras sincronizadas para reprodução controlada por monta natural após o período de espera voluntário. Neste experimento, 120 vacas foram distribuídas em três grupos independentes da presença ou ausência de corpo lúteo. Vacas no grupo PG-14 foram tratadas com PGF2α a partir do 14o dia pós-parto, vacas do grupo PG-28 foram tratadas com PGF2α a partir do 28o dia pós-parto e as vacas do grupo PG-42 não foram tratadas com PGF2α até o final do período de espera voluntário (d42). Após o 42o dia pós-parto as vacas dos três grupos foram tratadas com PGF2α com intervalos de 14 dias até a monta natural após o período de espera voluntário. Os registros dos parâmetros reprodutivos incluíram: dias para o primeiro estro, dias para a primeira cobertura, dias em aberto, serviços por concepção, taxa de concepção, percentagem de animais repetidores de cios e as perdas de gestações. O tratamento precoce com PGF2α, a partir do 14o dia pós-parto reduziu significativamente os dias para o primeiro estro (34,9 ± 0,74, P < 0,003), dias para a primeira cobertura (62,35 ± 1,53, P < 0,04), dias em aberto (117,23 ± 3,1, P<0,001) e o número de serviços por concepção (1,9 ± 0,009, P < 0,02); e o grupo PG-14 apresentou um acréscimo na taxa de concepção (52,5%, P < 0,05). A proporção da síndrome de vacas repetidoras de cios tendeu a ser afetada pelo tratamento com PGF2α a partir do 14o dia pós-parto. A conclusão obtida foi que o tratamento das vacas com PGF2α a partir do 14o dia pós-parto melhorou o desempenho reprodutivo dos animais.
Hemograma de ovinos (Ovis aries) sadios da raça Santa Inês criados na região de Piedade, estado de São Paulo: influências etárias e sexuais
Authors: Meneghini Rafael Cedric Moller , Benesi Fernano José , Henriques Laura Cristina Sant'Anna , Rizzo Huber , Meira Junior Enoch Brandão de Souza , Gregory Lilian
Published: February 2017

Foi investigada a influência dos fatores etários e sexuais sobre o hemograma de ovinos sadios da raça Santa Inês, criados na região de Piedade, no Estado de São Paulo. O hematócrito e o número de hemácias apresentaram maiores valores nas fêmeas mais jovens e houve um decréscimo gradual durante o desenvolvimento etário dos animais. Em contraposição, o número total de leucócitos foi menor nos animais mais jovens e apresentou elevação gradual com a evolução da idade dos animais.
Elites econômicas e neoliberalismo
Authors: Comin Alvaro Augusto
Published: February 2017

As consequências da reorientação neoliberal adotada pela maioria das nações nas últimas décadas têm sido escrutinadas dos mais variados ângulos. Em particular, os impactos sociais das reformas econômicas sobre, por exemplo, o mercado de trabalho, os níveis de pobreza e a desigualdade na distribuição da renda, as ondas de mobilizações e protestos, a trajetória das políticas sociais e sobre o consumo mobilizaram intensamente os cientistas sociais. Contudo, menos atenção foi destinada às transformações que se operaram entre as elites econômicas – modos de reprodução, interesses econômicos, inclinações políticas e vínculos com as elites internacionais. Em face do enorme peso econômico e político de que essas elites são portadoras, o estudo de tais transformações é dimensão-chave para uma compreensão mais abrangente de todos os outros temas mais visitados no debate. Este artigo e o conjunto de trabalhos que compõem este dossiê da Plural pretendem oferecer contribuições para o debate.
Remando contra a maré: novo desenvolvimentismo e interesse nacional - Entrevista com Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira
Authors: Comin Alvaro Augusto , Mattos Paulo Todescan Lessa
Published: February 2017

Remando contra a maré: novo desenvolvimentismo e interesse nacionalEntrevista com Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira
Adrenergic Receptors in Individual Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Myagmar Bat-Erdene , Flynn James M. , Cowley Patrick M. , Swigart Philip M. , Montgomery Megan D. , Thai Kevin , Nair Divya , Gupta Rumita , Deng David X. , Hosoda Chihiro , Melov Simon , Baker Anthony J. , Simpson Paul C.
Published: February 2017

Rationale:

It is unknown whether every ventricular myocyte expresses all 5 of the cardiac adrenergic receptors (ARs), β1, β2, β3, α1A, and α1B. The β1 and β2 are thought to be the dominant myocyte ARs.

Objective:

Quantify the 5 cardiac ARs in individual ventricular myocytes.

Methods and Results:

We studied ventricular myocytes from wild-type mice, mice with α1A and α1B knockin reporters, and β1 and β2 knockout mice. Using individual isolated cells, we measured knockin reporters, mRNAs, signaling (phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase and phospholamban), and contraction. We found that the β1 and α1B were present in all myocytes. The α1A was present in 60%, with high levels in 20%. The β2 and β3 were detected in only ≈5% of myocytes, mostly in different cells. In intact heart, 30% of total β-ARs were β2 and 20% were β3, both mainly in nonmyocytes.

Conclusion:

The dominant ventricular myocyte ARs present in all cells are the β1 and α1B. The β2 and β3 are mostly absent in myocytes but are abundant in nonmyocytes. The α1A is in just over half of cells, but only 20% have high levels. Four distinct myocyte AR phenotypes are defined: 30% of cells with β1 and α1B only; 60% that also have the α1A; and 5% each that also have the β2 or β3. The results raise cautions in experimental design, such as receptor overexpression in myocytes that do not express the AR normally. The data suggest new paradigms in cardiac adrenergic signaling mechanisms.
Impact of Practice-Based Management of Pulmonary Artery Pressures in 2000 Patients Implanted With the CardioMEMS Sensor
Authors: Heywood J. Thomas , Jermyn Rita , Shavelle David , Abraham William T. , Bhimaraj Arvind , Bhatt Kunjan , Sheikh Fareed , Eichorn Eric , Lamba Sumant , Bharmi Rupinder , Agarwal Rahul , Kumar Charisma , Stevenson Lynne W.
Published: February 2017

Background:

Elevated pulmonary artery (PA) pressures in patients with heart failure are associated with a high risk for hospitalization and mortality. Recent clinical trial evidence demonstrated a direct relationship between lowering remotely monitored PA pressures and heart failure hospitalization risk reduction with a novel implantable PA pressure monitoring system (CardioMEMS HF System, St. Jude Medical). This study examines PA pressure changes in the first 2000 US patients implanted in general practice use.

Methods:

Deidentified data from the remote monitoring Merlin.net (St. Jude Medical) database were used to examine PA pressure trends from the first consecutive 2000 patients with at least 6 months of follow-up. Changes in PA pressures were evaluated with an area under the curve methodology to estimate the total sum increase or decrease in pressures (mm Hg-day) during the follow-up period relative to the baseline pressure. As a reference, the PA pressure trends were compared with the historic CHAMPION clinical trial (CardioMEMS Heart Sensor Allows Monitoring of Pressure to Improve Outcomes in New York Heart Association [NYHA] Functional Class III Heart Failure Patients). The area under the curve results are presented as mean±2 SE, and
P
values comparing the area under the curve of the general-use cohort with outcomes in the CHAMPION trial were computed by the
t
test with equal variance.

Results:

Patients were on average 70±12 years old; 60% were male; 34% had preserved ejection fraction; and patients were followed up for an average of 333±125 days. At implantation, the mean PA pressure for the general-use patients was 34.9±10.2 mm Hg compared with 31.3±10.9 mm Hg for CHAMPION treatment and 32.0±10.5 mm Hg for CHAMPION control groups. The general-use patients had an area under the curve of −32.8 mm Hg-day at the 1-month time mark, −156.2 mm Hg-day at the 3-month time mark, and −434.0 mm Hg-day after 6 months of hemodynamic guided care, which was significantly lower than the treatment group in the CHAMPION trial. Patients consistently transmitted pressure information with a median of 1.27 days between transmissions after 6 months.

Conclusions:

The first 2000 general-use patients managed with hemodynamic-guided heart failure care had higher PA pressures at baseline and experienced greater reduction in PA pressure over time compared with the pivotal CHAMPION clinical trial. These data demonstrate that general use of implantable hemodynamic technology in a nontrial setting leads to significant lowering of PA pressures.
Impact of Coronary Artery Disease Severity Assessed With the SYNTAX Score on Outcomes Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Paradis Jean‐Michel , White Jonathon M. , Généreux Philippe , Urena Marina , Doshi Darshan , Nazif Tamim , Hahn Rebecca , George Isaac , Khalique Omar , Harjai Kishore , Lasalle Laura , Labbé Benoit M. , DeLarochellière Robert , Doyle Daniel , Dumont Éric , Mohammadi Siamak , Leon Martin B. , Rodés‐Cabau Josep , Kodali Susheel
Published: February 2017

Background

The influence of coronary artery disease (CAD) on clinical and echocardiographic outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is still controversial. We sought to evaluate the impact of
CAD
severity as measured by the SYNTAX score (
SS
) on patients undergoing
TAVR
.

Methods and Results

A total of 377 patients who underwent
TAVR
in 2 high‐volume centers in North America were included in our retrospective analysis. A blinded angiographic core laboratory calculated the
SS
on all available coronary angiograms with the use of quantitative coronary analysis. Patients were stratified into 4 groups: (1) no
CAD
(
SS
=0); (2) low
SS
(
SS
between 1 and 22); (3) intermediate
SS
(
SS
between 23 and 32); and (4) high
SS
(
SS
≥33). Patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention within 6 months prior to
TAVR
were separated into 2 categories based on their residual
SS
(<8 and ≥8). Patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were divided into 2 groups: (1) low
CABG SS
and (2) high
CABG SS
. The primary end point was a composite of all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke. At 30 days and 1 year, both the presence and the severity of
CAD
had no impact on the rate of the combined primary end point and on all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and myocardial infarction. Patients with less complete revascularization (residual
SS
≥8 versus residual
SS
<8 and low
CABG SS
versus high
CABG SS
, had similar rates of the combined primary end point, all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality,
MI
, and stroke, at both 30 days and 1 year.

Conclusions

In our core laboratory–validated study, neither the severity of
CAD
nor completeness of revascularization after percutaneous coronary intervention or
CABG
were associated with clinical outcomes after
TAVR
, at both 30 days and 1 year.