bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arthritis in the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint After Proximal Opening Wedge Osteotomy for Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus Deformity
Authors: Park Yoo Jung , Park Kwang Hwan , Hwang Yeokgu , Shim Dong-Woo , Han Seung Hwan , Choi Woo Jin , Lee Jin Woo , Suh Jae Wan
Published: October 2016

Category:

Bunion

Introduction/Purpose:

Over recent years, a proximal opening wedge osteotomy (POWO) using a novel low-profile plate have gained in popularity for the correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus. However, the proximal opening wedge osteotomy was known to increase the length of the first metatarsal, resulting in tightening of the soft tissues around the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint and predisposing to jamming of the joint and subsequent arthritis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the arthritic change of first MTP joint after POWO using a low-profile plate for correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 100 consecutive POWOs using a low-profile plate performed in 87 patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. After excluding 17 cases, 83 cases in 73 patients were included. For clinical assessment, VAS, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) forefoot score and Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) were obtained. The hallux valgus angle (HVA), the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the relative first metatarsal length which is the first metatarsal length divided by the second metatarsal length and the first MTP joint radiographic arthritic grade by Coughlin and Shurnas were assessed on standard weight bearing radiographs of the foot for radiographic evaluation.

Results:

Mean follow-up period was 16.1 (12-45) months. The mean VAS, AOFAS score and most of FAOS subscales improved significantly. Significant corrections in the HVA and IMA were obtained and the mean increase in the relative first metatarsal length was 3.8% at last follow-up (P < 0.001). There were 15 (18.1%, 15/83) cases of the first MTP joint arthritis at last follow-up (Radiographic grade I: 5, II: 8, III: 2). Of 62 cases using a large wedge plate (≥5.0 mm), 12 (19.4%, 12/62) cases showed poorer outcomes and a significant progression of the arthritic grade at last follow-up (Fisher's exact test, P=0.031) comparing to using a small wedge plate (< 5.0 mm) (Table 1).

Conclusion:

The POWO using a low-profile wedge plate is effective and reproducible technique for correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. However, the exacerbation of preexisting first MTP joint arthritis and the subsequent arthritis can occur after POWOs using a large wedge plate (≥5.0 mm) at short to mid-term follow-up. Therefore, POWOs with a low-profile wedge plate should be used judiciously for correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus.
Enhancing Osseointegration of Orthopaedic Implants with Titania Nanotube Surfaces
Authors: Vara Alexander , Baker Erin A. , Salisbury Meagan , Fleischer Mackenzie , Bhosle Sachin M. , Friedrich Craig , Fortin Paul
Published: October 2016

Category:

Basic Sciences/Biologics

Introduction/Purpose:

Solid biologic fixation at the bone-implant interface provides long-term stability of orthopaedic implants. Historically, coatings and surface treatments on implant surfaces have been used to promote osseointegration of orthopaedic implants. The purpose of this research study is to evaluate two morphologies of titania nanotube (TiNT) surfaces via in vitro experiments as well as an in vivo model of femoral intramedullary fixation, in order to assess the influence of TiNT structure on de novo bone formation and bone-implant stability.

Methods:

TiNT structures were grown from Ti-6Al-4 V materials via an established electrochemical anodization process. Samples were either sonicated then annealed (Aligned TiNT) or annealed without prior sonication (Trabecular TiNT), to produce different morphologies. As-received titanium alloy was the control. Marrow-derived stem cells were isolated from long bones of Sprague Dawley rats and cultured on samples. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) expression by stem cells were assessed via ELISA. Cells were lysed and subjected to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to assess Col1a1, osteonectin, and IGF- 1 expression. An in vivo study evaluated bone formation at 4- and 12-week endpoints. Eight female Sprague Dawley rats per group per endpoint received bilateral Ti-6Al-4 V K-wires as femoral implants. Left femur received control, while right femur received Aligned/Trabecular TiNT K-wire. Bone formation was assessed via microCT, backscatter electron imaging (BEI), and non- decalcified histologic analyses.

Results:

Aligned and Trabecular TiNT groups demonstrated higher ALP activity than control at 2 and 3 weeks. The in vivo study demonstrated increased bone volume fractions (BV/TV) and total bone volume (TBV) for TiNT surfaces (microCT). The ratio of both BV/TV and TBV in the distal VOI were nearly equivalent for both TiNT surfaces, indicating similar bone formation between both TiNT surfaces and control. In the midshaft VOI, the ratios between TiNT surfaces and control were 1.5 or greater, indicating increased bone formation. At 12 weeks, the bone-implant contact fraction ratio (BEI) showed Aligned TiNT and Trabecular TiNT were 1.3 and 1.4 times greater than control, respectively. Histologic analysis showed both TiNT surfaces had 1.5 times the bone-implant contact as control.

Conclusion:

In vitro studies demonstrated improved support for osteogenic functions of cultured marrow-derived stem cells on TiNT surfaces compared to controls. μCT, BEI, and histologic analyses associated with the in vivo study demonstrated increased bone formation in the TiNT femora, at specific timepoints and VOIs.
First Metatarsophalangeal Arthrodesis for Treatment of Hallux Valgus with Severe Metatarsus Adductus Deformity
Authors: Zhu Yuan
Published: October 2016

Category:

Bunion

Introduction/Purpose:

The surgical treatment of hallux valgus with severe metatarsus adductus deformity can be challenging. This study aims to investigate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of first metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis in treating this complex deformity.

Methods:

Between Jun 2009 and Jun 2013, 15 consecutive cases of hallux valgus with severe metatarsus adductus [metatarsus adductus angle, MAA>25°(modified Sgarlato method)] received first metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis for correction with a dorsal plate and a lag screw. The clinical outcome of these patients (average age of 63.1 years) was evaluated by means of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Hallux MTP-IP Scale and ankle pain on the visual analogue scale (VAS). Radiological imaging included hallux valgus angle (HVA) and 1st intermetatarsal angle (IMA).

Results:

All these 15 patients were available for follow-up at a mean of 12.7 months. The average postoperative AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP Scale 12 months after surgery was 88.6 (compare with 60.8 preoperatively). The mean visual analog scale score decreased from 5.51 ± 1.53 preoperatively to 0.98 ± 0.98 at the latest follow-up. All the metatarsophalangeal joints got complete fused without delayed fusion. The HVA improved from 45.2°preoperatively in average to 17.3°postoperatively. No deformity recurrence was observed by the time of the latest follow-up.

Conclusion:

first metatarsophalangeal arthrodesis is a simple, reasonable and reliable option for the treatment of hallux valgus with severe metatarsus adductus deformity, especially for elderly patients with degenerated symptomatic metatarsophalangeal joint.
Outcomes and Complication Following Endoscopically-Assisted Percutaneous Achilles Tendon Repair
Authors: Rungprai Chamnanni , Phisitkul Phinit
Published: October 2016

Category:

Arthroscopy

Introduction/Purpose:

Open repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture is considered as a standard surgical treatment while percutaneous technique has gained increasing popularity especially under endoscopic control. However, there is a lack of currently research reporting outcomes and complications following this technique.

Methods:

The retrospective chart reviews with prospectively collecting data were performed in 32 patients with 32 legs who underwent endoscopically-assisted percutaneous Achilles tendon repair using 6-portal technique between 2008 and 2015. The minimum follow-up to be included in the study was 6 months (mean, 49.3 months; range, 6 to 76 months). The primary outcome was Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM); Activity and Sport, Short Form-36 (SF-36); physical and mental component scores, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The secondary outcomes included tourniquet time, recovery time, and complications. Pre- and post-operative FAAM, SF-36, and Visual Analog Scale were obtained and compared using pair t-test.

Results:

There were 32 patients (26 male and 6 female) with a mean age of 36.7 years. An average of tourniquet time was 39.6 minutes (range, 23-67 minutes). There was significant improvement of VAS (7.1/10 to 0.1/10), SF-36 (PCS (38.8 to 49.9) and MCS (49.0 to 51.8)), FAAM (Activity, 19.0 to 88.4 and Sport, 0 to 65.6). An average time to return to activity of daily living, works, and sports were 6 weeks, 7 weeks, 3.6 months respectively. The complications included hypertrophic scar without pain (6.7%), superficial wound infection (3%). There was no re-rupture, deep vein thrombosis, sural nerve injury, and painful scar in this study.

Conclusion:

Endoscopically assisted percutaneous Achilles tendon repair demonstrated significant improvement in terms of functional outcomes as measured with the FAAM, SF-36, and VAS. acute rupture of Achilles tendon. This technique is safe and feasible for treatment patients with acute rupture of Achilles tendon.
Treatment Outcomes of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability Associated with Mild Cavovarus Deformity
Authors: Park Yoo Jung , Park Kwang Hwan , Hwang Yeokgu , Shim Dong-Woo , Han Seung Hwan , Choi Woo Jin , Lee Jin Woo , Suh Jae Wan
Published: October 2016

Category:

Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

Chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) has shown significant relationship with cavovarus deformity in prior studies. Isolated lateral ankle ligament reconstruction in patients who have CLAI with cavovarus deformity has been shown poor outcome if the deformity had not been corrected. Traditionally, cavovarus foot has been associated with neuromuscular conditions, however, nowadays it occurs in a less severe form even in the normal population. Mild cavovarus deformity is thought to be an anatomical risk factor for CLAI, but there are still debates on the correction of the mild deformity. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes of the modified Broström operation (MBO)s with additional procedures for the CLAI with mild cavovarus deformity.

Methods:

We reviewed total 12 patients who underwent MBOs with additional procedures for CLAI with mild cavovarus deformity between August 2009 and September 2013. Patients were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and the Karlsson-Peterson (KP) ankle score. The talar tilt angle and the anterior displacement of the talus on ankle stress radiographs and the first metatarsal- talus angle, the arch height between cuneiform and fifth metatarsal base and the calcaneal pitch angle on foot lateral standing radiographs were examined.

Results:

The mean follow-up period was 31.5 months. Calcaneal lateral closing wedge osteotomy was performed in 6 patients to correct fixed hindfoot varus, and first metatarsal dorsiflexion osteotomy in 9 patients to correct remnant plantarflexion of the first ray. Three of 12 patients underwent both calcaneal and first metatarsal osteotomies. The mean VAS score decreased from 5.5 to 1.7 at last follow-up (p=0.002). The mean AOFAS score and the mean KP ankle score were significantly improved (61.0 to 85.3 (p< 0.001), 56.8 to 83.1 (p < 0.001)) and there was no recurrence of instability. Radiographically, the mean talar tilt angle and the anterior displacement of the talus were decreased (p=0.001, p=0.007), and the first metatarsal- talus angle and the arch height were decreased at last follow-up (p=0.001, p=0.003).

Conclusion:

Concomitant correction of mild cavovarus deformity with MBO for CLAI improves clinical outcomes and prevents recurrent instability. A comprehensive evaluation and cautious approach for deformity should be followed when treating patients with chronic ankle instability.
Inverse agonism at the P2Y12 receptor and ENT1 transporter blockade contribute to platelet inhibition by ticagrelor
Authors: Aungraheeta Riyaad , Conibear Alexandra , Butler Mark , Kelly Eamonn , Nylander Sven , Mumford Andrew , Mundell Stuart J.
Published: October 2016

Key Points

Ticagrelor acts as an inverse agonist at the P2Y12R, inhibiting basal agonist-independent signaling. Ticagrelor inhibits the adenosine transporter ENT1 not only on erythrocytes, but on platelets too.
Relocating labour-intensive manufacturing firms from China to Southeast Asia: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Yang Chun
Published: October 2016

China’s rise as a “world factory” since the late 1970s has been attributed to the strategic coupling of local assets in the coastal regions, viz. Pearl River Delta (PRD) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in the global production networks (GPNs) driven by transnational corporations (TNCs). Since 2000, these export-led regions have encountered unprecedented challenges, particularly the rising cost of labour, which have engendered spatial relocation of labour-intensive manufacturing firms from coastal China to lowercost locations such as inland China and neighbouring Southeast Asian countries. A rich body of literature has examined the internal relocation of TNCs from coastal to inland China, relatively little has been conducted on cross-border industrial relocation out of China to Southeast Asian countries. Drawing upon the global production networks (GPNs) perspective, this study attempts to examine the relocation of TNCs from China’s coastal regions, e.g. the Pearl River Delta (PRD) to Southeast Asian countries, e.g. Indonesia, Vietnam and Cambodia. Particular attention is paid to the rise of Global South and its subsequent implications for the restructuring of global manufacturing in the increasingly globalizing economy.
Involvement of Primary Care Physicians in the Decision Making and Care of Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Wallner Lauren P. , Abrahamse Paul , Uppal Jaspreet K. , Friese Christopher R. , Hamilton Ann S. , Ward Kevin C. , Katz Steven J. , Hawley Sarah T.
Published: October 2016

Purpose

Collaborative care between cancer specialists and primary care providers (PCPs) may improve the delivery of high-quality cancer care. Yet, patient perspectives about how involved the PCPs were in their breast cancer care and treatment decisions remain unknown.

Patients and Methods

A weighted random sample of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in 2013 to 2014, as reported to the SEER registries in Los Angeles, California, and Georgia, were sent a survey approximately 6 months after diagnosis (N = 2,279, 71% response rate). The distributions of patient-perceived PCP quality (six questions about PCP access and awareness of values) and the following three measures of patient-reported PCP involvement were assessed: how informed the respondent felt her PCP was about her breast cancer (engagement); how often the respondent talked with her PCP (communication); and how often the respondent felt the PCP participated in treatment decisions (participation). Adjusted mean scores of patient-reported satisfaction with and deliberation about the surgical treatment decision were then compared across levels of PCP engagement, communication, and participation using multivariable linear regression.

Results

The majority of women in this sample perceived high PCP quality (63.6%), high PCP breast cancer engagement (66.2%), and high PCP communication (69.1%). More than a third of women (35.4%) reported that their PCP participated in their treatment decisions. Higher PCP engagement was associated with higher decision satisfaction when compared with low PCP engagement (adjusted P = .003).

Conclusion

Patient perceptions of PCP quality and PCP involvement in breast cancer care during treatment are high for most women, and PCPs often participate in breast cancer treatment decisions. However, PCP involvement did not lead to meaningful improvements in patients’ appraisals of their decision making.
Impact of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Technique for Locally Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the NRG Oncology RTOG 0617 Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Chun Stephen G. , Hu Chen , Choy Hak , Komaki Ritsuko U. , Timmerman Robert D. , Schild Steven E. , Bogart Jeffrey A. , Dobelbower Michael C. , Bosch Walter , Galvin James M. , Kavadi Vivek S. , Narayan Samir , Iyengar Puneeth , Robinson Clifford G. , Wynn Raymond B. , Raben Adam , Augspurger Mark E. , MacRae Robert M. , Paulus Rebecca , Bradley Jeffrey D.
Published: October 2016

Purpose

Although intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is increasingly used to treat locally advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), IMRT and three-dimensional conformal external beam radiation therapy (3D-CRT) have not been compared prospectively. This study compares 3D-CRT and IMRT outcomes for locally advanced NSCLC in a large prospective clinical trial.

Patients and Methods

A secondary analysis was performed to compare IMRT with 3D-CRT in NRG Oncology clinical trial RTOG 0617, in which patients received concurrent chemotherapy of carboplatin and paclitaxel with or without cetuximab, and 60- versus 74-Gy radiation doses. Comparisons included 2-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, local failure, distant metastasis, and selected Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 3) ≥ grade 3 toxicities.

Results

The median follow-up was 21.3 months. Of 482 patients, 53% were treated with 3D-CRT and 47% with IMRT. The IMRT group had larger planning treatment volumes (median, 427 v 486 mL; P = .005); a larger planning treatment volume/volume of lung ratio (median, 0.13 v 0.15; P = .013); and more stage IIIB disease (30.3% v 38.6%, P = .056). Two-year OS, progression-free survival, local failure, and distant metastasis–free survival were not different between IMRT and 3D-CRT. IMRT was associated with less ≥ grade 3 pneumonitis (7.9% v 3.5%, P = .039) and a reduced risk in adjusted analyses (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.171 to 0.986; P = .046). IMRT also produced lower heart doses ( P < .05), and the volume of heart receiving 40 Gy (V40) was significantly associated with OS on adjusted analysis ( P < .05). The lung V5 was not associated with any ≥ grade 3 toxicity, whereas the lung V20 was associated with increased ≥ grade 3 pneumonitis risk on multivariable analysis ( P = .026).

Conclusion

IMRT was associated with lower rates of severe pneumonitis and cardiac doses in NRG Oncology clinical trial RTOG 0617, which supports routine use of IMRT for locally advanced NSCLC.
TOURISM SERVICES IN A REGION IN CRISIS AND SANCTIONS
Authors: Шубцова Людмила , SHubtsova Lyudmila , Белохвостова Наталья , Belokhvostova Natalya
Published: October 2016

This article represents current tendencies stemming from collapse in the price of oil, devaluation of the national currency, bilateral international sanctions after the accession of Crimea and events in Ukraine, the aggravation of political situation and closure of the main areas of outbound tourism, namely Turkey and Egypt. Such negative situation for the country in whole has some positive aspects of the impact on internal tourism development, especially in regions with favorable climatic conditions and developed material basis for the tourism industry. Primarily Kuban is among these regions. The region for decades has been asserting as a tourism and recreation complex with a unique specialization in sanatorium-and-spa treatment. It has great social and economic potential, developed infrastructure, natural conditions for the international specialization in tourism and for high-quality rest and treatment of Russian citizens. However, the analysis showed that advances in this direction are insufficient. Even with the favorable impact of external factors many development indicators of the region’s tourism industry in the pre-crisis time are lower than in 2005. The high cost of services that is beyond reach for many Russian citizens is one of the important obstacles for tourism development. Hotel services and usage of the sports infrastructure in Sochi and Krasnaya Polyana are more expensive than in foreign resorts, but are inferior in services, for example, to Austrian Innsbruck. The state regulation of the tourism industry, definition of the strategic objectives and development of mechanisms to achieve them are in need. Spontaneous development of the complex can cause damage and prevent to use region’s temporary factors and advantages in a difficult period for the country.
Energy security of Ukraine in the context of its sustainable development
Authors: Semenenko Inna
Published: October 2016

Energy security is an important issue for Ukraine's sustainable development. The main goal of the article is to show the state of energy security of Ukraine, analyze its tendencies and challenges, reveal the impact of energy security on sustainable development of a country. The state of the energy security of Ukraine was analyzed with the help of data collection, processing and analysis. Data was taken from State Statistics Service of Ukraine, Ministry of Energetics and Coal Industry of Ukraine, other sources, and analyzed with the help of tools of statistics and economic analysis. Ukraine, being a developing country and experiencing war, political and economic crisis, struggles for energy security support. The present state of energy availability and consumption in the country influences its sustainable development and political stability, and is a significant restraint in country's survival. Despite the fact that Ukraine has enough resources' deposits to provide itself with energy, it provides less than 50% of own demands and is dependent on Russia's resources. Production of energy in Ukraine is decreasing, but energy consumption remains high. Ukrainian industries are energy-wasteful and energy-inefficient; the country has the leading positions in energy intensity of GDP. The article shows the relation of energy sources and energy security of Ukraine to sustainable development, reveals the dependency of the Ukrainian energy security, and indicates its main threats and ways out.
What should aesthetic nurses do when a patient asks for their money back?
Authors: Mcgloin Claudia
Published: October 2016

Although many patients will be more than happy with their results after an aesthetic procedure, there are some individuals who will be dissatisfied with their experience and decide to demand a refund. This can be a tricky situation for treatment providers, who could run the risk of admitting fault if money is given back to the patient. Claudia McGloin reflects on her experience of this scenario in her clinic
The inverse along an element in rings
Authors: Benitez Julio , Boasso Enrico
Published: October 2016

Several properties of the inverse along an element are studied in the context of unitary rings. New characterizations of the existence of this inverse are proved. Moreover, the set of all invertible elements along a fixed element is fully described. Furthermore, commuting inverses along an element are characterized. The special cases of the group inverse, the (generalized) Drazin inverse and the Moore-Penrose inverse (in rings with involutions) are also considered.
Cleaning methods for removable dentures: A critical review of the literature
Authors: Sedrez-Porto José Augusto , Dos Santos Mateus B F , Pereira-Cenci Tatiana
Published: October 2016

A literature review was performed including studies that evaluated the use of cleaning protocols for removable dentures through questionnaires, clinical trials, randomized clinical trials, and systematic reviews. Twenty studies were included and the results showed that bad preservation of the prostheses is mainly due to low knowledge about cleaning habits and methods. Also, a wide variety of effective cleaning methods were presented. However, there is no standard protocol for all patients and it should be customized for each patient. It is important to highlight that dentists should give adequate instructions concerning maintenance and hygiene of the prosthesis. KeywordsDental prosthesis; Oral hygiene; Oral health.
The importance of the dentist in the diagnosis of Cowden syndrome: case report
Authors: Viegas Camila Feier , Pires Tulio de Lucena , Figueiredo Paulo Tadeu de Souza , Leite Andre Ferreira , Mesquita Clemes Alves
Published: October 2016

Cowden Syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of several hamartomas in a variety of tissues, including the skin, gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue, and bone and connective tissues. This syndrome is associated with a high risk of developing malignancies, especially breast, thyroid and endometrium cancers. This report presents a case of a 53-year-old patient who sought assistance at the Dentistry Department of the University Hospital of Brasilia (HUB) to receive basic dental treatment. The current and past medical history and oral and facial manifestations led to the diagnosis of Cowden syndrome. This case report aims to highlight the importance of a dental surgeon in the diagnosis of this syndrome, based on the observation of oral manifestations and medical history.KeywordsCowden Syndrome; Multiple Hamartoma Syndrome.
Treatment of extensive cystic lesion in the maxilla associated with dens in dente
Authors: Ishida Aline Lie , Endo Marcos Sergio , Queiroz Alfredo Franco , Jacomacci Willian Pecin , Ferreira Gustavo Zanna , Bisol Flavia Carneiro Tagliari , Iwaki Filho Liogi
Published: October 2016

Dens in dente is a dental development malformation that involves more commonly the upper lateral incisors. Infection of the canal of these teeth can cause the formation of chronic periapical lesions. The present study aimed to describe an integrated approach between the endodontic therapy and surgical intervention in an upper lateral incisor with dens in dente type II. A female patient, 14 years old, looked for dental care complaining of left palatal and paranasal bulging. Clinical, radiological and histopathological findings suggested periradicular cyst. First, marsupialization was performed to reduce the size of the lesion and to favor its enucleation, with less risk of injuring the tooth and vital structures. After diagnosis of pulp necrosis and in attempt to reduce the infection via canal, we used the reciprocating instrumentation associated with irrigation with sodium hypochlorite, intracanal medication based on calcium hydroxide and filled with a thermoplastic filling. After a year of marsupialization, fistulectomy and complete enucleation of the lesion were performed. Proservation was performed 1, 3, 6 and 12 months following marsupialization. Six months after enucleation, we observed the periradicular repair and remission of symptoms. The extensive apical lesion associated with dens in dente type II can be treated with a combination of surgical and endodontic therapy.
Effect of whitening dentifrices on surface roughness of dental nanofiller-based composites. Stereomycroscopy and AFM analysis
Authors: Kinoshita Rafaela Yoshie Oliveira , Sgura Ricardo , Reis Mariana Cavalcante , Masuda Milton Satoiuqui , Prazeres Paulo Sérgio Lopes , Romão Júnior Waldyr , Francci Carlos Eduardo , DeVito-Moraes André Guaraci
Published: October 2016

Objective: the aim of this study was to assess the effects of whitening dentifrices on the surface roughness of three commercial nanofiller-based composite. Material and Methods: two optical analyses were performed: stereomicroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Disks (8.0 diam. x 2.0 mm thick.) of the nanocomposite Z350 (3M ESPE) and two nano-hybrid composites (EsthetXHD, Dentsply and Premisa, Kerr) were submitted to in vitro brushing (1000 cycles) with three whitening dentifrices (Colgate Luminous White, Oral-B 3D White e Close-Up Diamond Attraction) and a control (Colgate Total12). The results were analyzed by stereomicroscopy and rated according to the following criteria: 0 – no observed roughness, 1 – average roughness, 2 – great roughness. Data was submitted to Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric test followed by Tukey test (p = 0.05). Z350 specimens were assessed by AFM. Results: the surface roughness of composites brushed with whitening dentifrices was statistically higher than the roughness found in specimens brushed with conventional dentifrice. AFM analyses showed that, at a submicrometric scale, there was an increase in the number of peaks and irregularities in specimens brushed with whitening dentifrices. Conclusion: Whitening dentifrices may have an impact on the longevity of dental composites by an increase in its roughness. It is strongly recommended that clinicians guide their patients, warning them about the risks and consequences of their use. KeywordsAbrasion; Dentifrices; Composites resin; Roughness; Whitening; Abrasive.
Flux form Semi-Lagrangian methods for parabolic problems
Authors: Bonaventura Luca , Ferretti Roberto
Published: October 2016

A semi-Lagrangian method for parabolic problems is proposed, that extends previous work by the authors to achieve a fully conservative, flux-form discretization of linear and nonlinear diffusion equations. A basic consistency and stability analysis is proposed. Numerical examples validate the proposed method and display its potential for consistent semi-Lagrangian discretization of advection diffusion and nonlinear parabolic problems.
The effect of humidity and temperature on human well-being in the forest and on open terrain
Authors: Dragańska Ewa , Panfil Monika , Szwejkowski Zbigniew
Published: October 2016

Between 01.01.2010 and 31.12.2011, we conducted measurements of air temperature and relative humidity at points located deep within forest area, along the edge of the forest in the immediate vicinity of a lake and in open terrain. The thermal and humidity conditions that have a stimulating effect on human well-being were determined for the selected locations by calculating the number of hot (tmax ≥ 25°C) and very hot days (tmax ≥ 30°C) as well as the number of frosty (tmax < 0°C) and very frosty days (tmin ≤ −10°C). The range of the stimulatory effect on human well-being by temperature was determined based on changes in the average night temperature and the amplitude of the daily air temperature. Stimulating humidity conditions were determined by comparing the the relative humidity to a reference value associated with a moist feeling and calculating the number of humid days (s ≥18.8 mbar).
Dendrological and landscape evaluation of the rural park Borek (Lublin province)
Authors: Kaczmarski Zdzisław , Dobrowolska Dorota
Published: October 2016

This article presents the results of my research conducted in the rural park Borek, which is located in Gardzienice Drugie, Lublin province. The study was comprised of measuring the dendrological value of the park using the Rokosza method and determining the landscape’s aesthetic value using the scenic beauty estimation (SBE) method. In order to establish the dendrological and aesthetic values, the park was divided into four sections, which were then compared with each other. It has been shown earlier that results of the scenic beauty estimation method and the dendrological value are only weakly correlated when it comes to park landscapes. It is therefore advisable to test the value of parks, in both categories, dendrological and aesthetic. This approach could form the basis for the development of a new method to classify and evaluate park landscapes.
Beware of the weeds
Authors: Absillis Kevin , Jaspers Jürgen
Published: October 2016

Research into linguistic purism often reflects a critical, if not contemptuous attitude towards its subject of inquiry. The reasons for this are purists’ prescriptivist stance, as well as their frequent association with ethno-linguistic nationalism, an ideology in moral disrepute. We argue that this approach of purism produces blind spots. Following Pratt’s suggestion, we reconsider linguistic purism in this article as the effect of a utopian discourse and show how a desire for (linguistic) purity is at the very heart of the project of modernity. We apply our theoretical framework to the history of purism in modern Flanders (nineteenth to twenty-first century).
Crystal structure of aqua (5,5′-dicarboxy-(1,1′-biphenyl)-2,3′-dicarboxylato-κO) bis(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)cadmium monohydrate, C40H28CdN4O10
Authors: Yao Li-Ping , Zhao Yan , Zhang Rui
Published: October 2016

C40H28N4O10Cd, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.5953(8) Å, b = 22.1448(17) Å, c = 16.3937(13) Å, β = 90.528(1)°, V = 3483.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.068, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1343, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 11-(p-coumaroyloxy)-tremetone, C22H20O5
Authors: Brito Iván , Simirgiotis Mario , Muñoz Rubén , Benites Julio , Pasten Leyla , Bórquez Jorge , Cárdenas Alejandro
Published: October 2016

C22H20O5, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 6.2039(3) Å, b = 13.1634(8) Å, c = 22.8258(12) Å, V = 1864.06(17) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.053, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.117, T = 297(2) K.
Case Study Regarding the Interests and Leisure Practices of Persons Aged 50 and over in Saint-Léonard, Suburb of Montreal: Seniors Vs. Baby Boomers
Authors: Roult Romain , Carbonneau Hélène , Adjizian Jean-Marc , Belley-Ranger Émilie
Published: October 2016

Introduction. Several studies have shown that leisure contributes to improving seniors’ quality of life. However, some of this research has also highlighted the fact that there are marked physical, socioeconomic, and cultural disparities in this population. Material and methods. To this end, this article presents the results of a survey conducted in 2015 in Montreal with 464 respondents aged 50 and over regarding their interests and leisure practices. Results. This study highlights the importance that persons in this age group give to physical and outdoor recreation as well as free and outdoor activities. However, this study has also confirmed that there exist, regarding the problem of leisure, more or less significant differences among seniors and baby boomers which need to be taken into account by local actors. Conclusions. The results obtained and the correlated analyses clearly indicate that the senior population is not homogeneous with respect to their practices and their leisure needs. This analytical finding confirms that leisure and community services must be planned, programmed, and promoted taking into account these generational differences, as well as physical, socioeconomic, and cultural differences.
Paul Tillich, précurseur d’un oecuménisme postmoderne ?
Authors: Mathot Benoit
Published: October 2016

During the second half of the twentieth century, ecumenism has evolved its conception of unity. From a model of organic unity, where difference was that which had to be overcome, it has gradually understood Christian unity through a closer articulation of unity and difference. This question of the difference in the field of ecumenism, is consistent with the dynamic that postmodernity is traversing and consequently postmodern belief. Thus the question is how Paul Tillich, though he did not experience the major blooming of ecumenism, nevertheless managed to anticipate a more postmodern form of ecumenism, which would integrate this development as a fundamental dynamic.
Zur Etymologie des Flussnamens Laaber
Authors: Bichlmeier Harald
Published: October 2016

The hydronym Laaber is the name of several rivers in the Lower Bavaria and Upper Palatinate regions of Germany. Its origin, however, has so far not been satisfactorily explained. In this article, suggestions to date concerning the etymology of the name are critically reviewed, and a new etymology is advanced. The name is derived from the PIE root *leh2p- ‘to shine, be bright’ and explained as an original adjectival formation in *-ro-. This is satisfactory not just from a formal point of view but would also permit to compare this hydronym to the numerous river names derived from the Late PIE roots *arg- and *alb- ‘to shine’ from a semantic point of view.
A Comparison of Catch Phase Force-Time Characteristics During Clean Derivatives From the Knee
Authors: Comfort Paul , Williams Robert , Suchomel Timothy J. , Lake Jason P.
Published: October 2016

Comfort, P, Williams, R, Suchomel, TJ, and Lake, JP. A comparison of catch phase force-time characteristics during clean derivatives from the knee. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1911–1918, 2017—The aim of this study was to compare load-absorption force-time characteristics of the clean from the knee (CK), power clean from the knee (PCK), and clean pull from the knee (CPK). Ten collegiate athletes (age 27.5 ± 4.2 years; height 180.4 ± 6.7 cm; mass 84.4 ± 7.8 kg) performed 3 repetitions each of the CK, PCK, and CPK with 90% of their 1 repetition maximum power clean on a force platform. The CK load-absorption duration (0.95 ± 0.35 seconds) was significantly longer compared with the CPK (0.44 ± 0.15 seconds; p < 0.001, d = 2.53), but not compared with the PCK (0.56 ± 0.11 seconds; p > 0.05, d = 1.08), with no differences between PCK and CPK (p > 0.05, d = 0.91). The CPK demonstrated the greatest mean force (2,039 ± 394 N), which was significantly greater than the PCK (1,771 ± 325 N; p = 0.012, d = 0.83), but not significantly different to the CK (1,830 ± 331 N; p > 0.05, d = 0.60); CK and PCK were not different (p > 0.05, d = 0.18). Significantly more load-absorption work was performed during the CK (655 ± 276 J) compared with the PCK (288 ± 109 J; d = 1.75, p < 0.001), but not compared with the CPK (518 ± 132 J; d = 0.80, p > 0.05). Additionally, more load-absorption work was performed during the CPK compared with the PCK (d = 1.90, p = 0.032). Inclusion of the catch phase during the CK does not provide any additional stimulus in terms of mean force or work during the load-absorption phase compared with the CPK, although the CPK may be beneficial in training rapid force absorption because of high force and a short duration.
Smoking and Passive Smoking
Authors: Luepker Russell V.
Published: October 2016

Objective: To review the literature on associations between cardiovascular diseases and tobacco use, including recent trends in smoking behaviors and clinical approaches for cessation of smoking.

Methods: A literature review of recent scientific findings for smoking and cardiovascular diseases and recommendations for obtaining cessation.

Results: Tobacco smoking is causally related to cardiovascular disease, with nearly a half million deaths annually attributed to cigarette smoking in the United States. The human, economic, medical, and indirect costs are enormous. Secondhand smoke as inhaled from the environment also plays an important role in the genesis of cardiovascular diseases. A recent trend in the use of e-cigarettes is noted particularly among youth. For children, prevention is the best strategy. For adult smokers, behavioral treatments, self-help approaches, and pharmacologic therapies are readily available. Clinicians can have a significant impact on patients’ smoking habits. Adding to individual strategies, regulatory community and public health approaches provide the potential for eliminating the use of tobacco.

Conclusion: Tobacco smoke causes cardiovascular morbidity and death. Clinicians can play a role in preventing smoking and promoting cessation.
Regulation of steroidogenesis in fetal bovine ovaries: differential effects of LH and FSH
Authors: Allen J J , Herrick S L , Fortune J E
Published: October 2016

In cattle, primordial follicles form before birth. Fetal ovarian capacity to produce progesterone and estradiol is high before follicle formation begins and decreases around the time follicles first appear (around 90 days of gestation). However, mechanisms that regulate steroid production during this time remain unclear. We hypothesized that LH stimulates progesterone and androgen production and that FSH stimulates aromatization of androgens to estradiol. To test this, we cultured pieces from fetal bovine ovaries for 10 days without or with exogenous hormones and then measured the accumulation of steroids in the culture medium by RIA. LH (100 ng/mL) alone increased the accumulation of progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone and estradiol. FSH (100 ng/mL) alone increased both progesterone and estradiol accumulation, but had no effect on androgens. Exogenous testosterone (0.5 µM) alone greatly increased estradiol accumulation and the combination of testosterone + FSH, but not testosterone + LH, increased estradiol relative to testosterone alone. Interestingly, exogenous testosterone and estradiol decreased progesterone accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Because the highest dose of estradiol (0.5 µM) decreased progesterone accumulation, but increased both pregnenolone and androstenedione in the same cultures, endogenous estradiol may be a paracrine regulator of steroid synthesis. Together, these results confirm our initial hypotheses and indicate that LH stimulates androgen production in fetal bovine ovaries via the Δ5 pathway, whereas FSH stimulates aromatization of androgens to estradiol. These results are consistent with the two-cell, two-gonadotropin model of estradiol production by bovine preovulatory follicles, which suggests that the mechanisms regulating ovarian steroid production are established during fetal life.
The Total Performance Scorecard: Case at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
Authors: Suhendra Suhendra
Published: October 2016

This study aims to identify and analyse Total Human Resources Champions Management in relation to the Total Performance Scorecard. This study uses primary data by distributing questionnaires to the respondents, the 30 heads of department, 60 lecturers, 30 administrative staffs and 60 students of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Partial Least Square (PLS) had been used. Results from this study showed that all dimensions of Total Human Resources Champions Management (Human Resources Strategic Management, Infrastructure Management Firm, Management Employee Contribution, Management of Transformation and Changes, Spiritual and Campaign Management, Talent Management) affected on Total Human Resources Champions Management, furthermore, Total Human Resources Champions Management has a significant positive effect on the Total Performance Scorecard course at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.DOI: 10.15408/etk.v15i2.3864
KEBERADAAN OVARIUM TRANSLUCENT SEBAGAI INDIKATOR MUSIM PEMIJAHAN IKAN LEMA Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) DI TELUK MAYALIBIT KEPULAUAN RAJA AMPAT
Authors: Oktaviani Dian , Matatar Bertha , Nugroho Duto
Published: October 2016

Tersedianya data dan informasi tentang musim pemijahan merupakan salah satu komponen biologi yang berperan penting bagi perlindungan sedian induk dalam rangka menjamin kelangsungan sumber daya ikan secara berkelanjutan. Ikan Lema merupakan ikan pelagis kecil yang termasuk dalam Genus Rastrelliger dengan sifat reproduksinya dikelompokkan sebagai partial spawner. Kelompok jenis ini sulit untuk ditentukan puncak musim pemijahannya karena tingkat kematangan sexual IV ditemukan setiap bulan. Oleh karena itu, suatu upaya penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ovarium tingkat IV dan hasilnya dapat dijadikan indikator yang ditujukan untuk menentukan puncak musim pemijahan jenis ikan Lema yang tergolong sebagai partial spawner. Ikan lema Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier, 1816) merupakan hasil tangkapan utama nelayan di Teluk Mayalibit yang beroperasi dengan perahu tanpa motor yang dilengkapi dengan lampu pada periode gelapbulan. Pengukuran dilakukan pada kurun waktu bulan Maret 2011 sampai dengan Februari 2012. Pengamatan terhadap sejumlah 656 specimen ovarium tingkat IV dengan rerata 55 spesimen/bulan) yang telah dikumpulkan pada periode tersebut. Analisis makroskopik difokuskan terhadap gonad betina (ovarium) pada tingkat IV yang diklasifikasikan sebagai ovarium translucent. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai frekuensi sampel bulanan terhadap ovarium translucent (51 – 100 % hydrated oocyte) memperlihatkan bahwa puncak musim pemijahan terjadi pada September (15,4 % dan 24,0 %), Oktober (12,8 dan 9,4 %), dan November (17,9 % dan 13,2 %). Temuan ini memberikan indikasi nyata bahwa tingginya frekuensi kejadian ovarium translucent dapat dijadikan indikator penentuan puncak musim pemijahan.
AMENORĖJA IR OSTEOPENIJA ESANT VALGYMO SUTRIKIMAMS
Authors: Kučinskaitė Rasa , Sabaliauskaitė Marija , Brazaitis Gediminas
Published: October 2016

Valgymo sutrikimai, nervinė anoreksija ir bulimija šiuolaikinėje visuomenėje tampa vis dažnesni. Jiems būdingas kūno svorio ir formos pervertinimas, kaip svarbiausios žmogaus savybės. Gydytojai galėtų tai ignoruoti, jei ne pogumburio – hipofizės ašies pokyčių sukeliamos organinės komplikacijos. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiamos dvi reikšmingiausios – amenorėja ir osteopenija. Amenorėją sukelia sumažėjęs LH, FSH ir estrogeno kiekis, kurie atsiranda esant mažam leptino ir melatonino kiekiui kraujyje. Diagnozuojama remiantis anamneze ir hormonų kiekio tyrimais. Gydoma svorio atstatymu, taisyklingų valgymo įpročių formavimu, psichikos ligų korekcija, psichoterapija. Osteopeniją sukelia sumažėjęs estrogeno ir su maistu gaunamo kalcio kiekis. Ji diagnozuojama dvisrautės radioabsorbcitometrijos tyrimu (DEXA). Gydoma kalcio ir vitamino D papildais, pakaitine lytinių hormonų terapija, pakaitine IGF-1 terapija, bifosfonatais ir fiziniu aktyvumu. Remiantis tarptautinėmis mokslinėmis publikacijomis bei naujausia literatūra šia tema, aptarta, kaip ši problema vystosi fiziologiu lygiu, diagnostikos principai ir pateiktos rekomendacijos dėl sėkmingo gydymo metodo parinkimo. Laiku pastebėjus simptomus ir pradėjus gydymą, galima pasiekti puikių rezultatų, išsaugoti vaisingumą ir išvengti moters kūno vystymosi sutrikimų.
A narrative approach to giving feedback OR Everything I know about feedback I learnt from The BFG
Authors: Zaharias George
Published: October 2016

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background:It is undisputed that feedback is essential for learning and there is a considerable body of literature on providing feedback effectively. Recent literature has focused on the importance of learners being proactive in seeking feedback in order to improve learning outcomes. Furthermore, feedback is an interpersonal interaction between learner and educator and should not be mechanistic or one-way. Objective:This article proposes a new framework for giving feedback, without supplanting any current theory. It proposes that a narrative approach establishes a better working relationship between learner and educator, with feedback consequently being more effective. Method:A novel approach is taken. Roald Dahl's story of The BFG provided the inspiration to reflect on the interaction between learner and educator and to elucidate the important aspects of feedback and how they relate to a narrative approach. The article then examines how these aspects and a narrative approach play out in a case example. Conclusion: The essential elements for giving feedback are: firstly, establishing a working relationship between learner and educator (achieved by a narrative approach) and secondly, using challenge and support (each in the right measure) to extend the learner. The educator's intent and good communication skills underpin the learner-educator interaction.