bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of MNPs-IHSPN nanoparticles in really stabilization of biomolecules bio drugs In-vitro environment
Authors: Binandeh Mansour , Rostamnia Sadegh , Karimi Farrokh
Published: December 2019

All scientists are working on biomedicine and Nano-biotechnology. So, one of the most important issues is the study of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs-IHSPN). The purpose of this project is to examine the approach of using a common buffer to determine the degree of stabilization and release of two molecules of drugs that have been analyzed In-vitro. The structures as a SEM and FT-IR instruments and were used in the amount of 25 mg. After the reaction with biomolecules, the absorption rate was about 60-80%. The release of biomolecules was done by a buffer PBS by spectrophotometer analysis. It is noteworthy that these biomolecules was tested in two forms of covalent and electrostatic bonding. EDX analysis and electrophoresis were used to stabilize the absorption rate in the electrostatic transplant and FT-IR analysis for fixation of covalent bonding. The overall result of this project is to use the common characteristics of some biomolecules for important drug exchange in the living environment of cells.
Irradiation pretreatment enhances the therapeutic efficacy of platelet-membrane- camouflaged antitumor nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Yin , Shen Xue , Han Songling , Wang Tao , Zhao Jianqi , He Yongwu , Chen Shilei , Deng Shengqi , Wang Cheng , Wang Junping
Published: December 2019

Backgroud: Cell membrane-based nanocarriers are promising candidates for delivering antitumor agents. The employment of a simple and feasible method to improve the tumor-targeting abilities of these systems is appealing for further application. Herein, we prepared a platelet membrane (PM)-camouflaged antitumor nanoparticle. The effects of irradiation pretreatment on tumor targeting of the nanomaterial and on its antitumor action were evaluated.Results: The biomimetic nanomaterial constructed by indocyanine green, poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide), and PM is termed PINPs@PM. A 4-Gy X-ray irradiation enabled the endocytic enhancement of PINPs@PM by 4T1 breast cancer cells. PINPs@PM produced hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species upon excitation by near-infrared irradiation, which were detrimental to the cytoplasmic lysosome and resulted in cell death. Irradiation pretreatment thus strengthened the antitumor activity of PINPs@PM in vitro. Mice experiments revealed that irradiation enhanced the tumor targeting capability of PINPs@PM in vivo. When the same dose of PINPs@PM was intravenously administered, irradiated mice had a better outcome than did mice without X-ray pretreatment. Conclusion: The study demonstrates an effective strategy combining irradiation pretreatment and PM camouflage to deliver antitumor nanoparticles, which may be instrumental for targeted tumor therapy.
Elastin-like polypeptide and γ-zein fusions significantly increase recombinant protein accumulation in soybean seeds
Authors: Yang Jing , Niu Lu , He Hongli , Cheng Yunqing , Zhong Xiaofang , Zhao Qianqian , Xing Guojie , Liu Jianfeng , Yang Xiangdong
Published: December 2019

BackgroundSoybean seeds are an ideal host for the production of recombinant proteins because of their high content of proteins, long-term stability of seed proteins under ambient conditions, and easy establishment of efficient purification protocols. ResultsIn this study, a polypeptide fusion strategy was applied to explore the capacity of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) and γ-zein fusions in increasing the accumulation of the recombinant protein in soybean seeds. Transgenic soybean plants were generated to express the γ-zein- or ELP-fused green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the soybean seed-specific promoter BCSP. Significant differences were observed in the accumulation of zein-GFP and GFP-ELP from that of the unfused GFP in transgenic soybean seeds based on the total soluble protein (TSP), despite the low-copy of T-DNA insertions and similar expression at the mRNA levels in selected transgenic lines. The average levels of zein-GFP and GFP-ELP accumulated in immature seeds of these transgenic lines were 0.99% and 0.29% TSP, respectively, compared with 0.07% TSP of the unfused GFP. In mature soybean seeds, the accumulation of zein-GFP and GFP-ELP proteins was 1.8% and 0.84% TSP, an increase of 3.91- and 1.82-fold, respectively, in comparison with that of the unfused GFP (0.46% TSP). Confocal laser scanning analysis showed that both zein-GFP and GFP-ELP were deposited in the protein storage vacuoles of transgenic seeds, while the unfused GFP was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm. Despite increased recombinant protein accumulation, there were no significant changes in the total protein and oil content in seeds between the transgenic and non-transformed plants, suggesting the possible presence of threshold limits of total protein accumulation in transgenic soybean seeds. ConclusionsOverall, our results indicate that γ-zein and ELP fusions significantly increased the accumulation of the recombinant protein, but exhibited no significant influence on the total protein and oil content in soybean seeds.
Improving early recognition and intervention in people at increased risk for the development of bipolar disorder - Study protocol of a prospective-longitudinal, naturalistic cohort study (Early-BipoLife)
Authors: Pfennig Andrea , Leopold Karolina , Martini Julia , Boehme Anne , Lambert Martin , Stamm Thomas , Bermpohl Felix , Reif Andreas , Kittel-Schneider Sarah , Juckel Georg , Fallgatter Andreas J. , Kircher Tilo , Jansen Andreas , Pfeiffer Steffi , Berndt Christina , Rottmann-Wolf Maren , Sauer Cathrin , Ritter Philipp , Correll Christoph U. , Bechdolf Andreas , Falkenberg Irina , Bauer Michael
Published: December 2019

Background Bipolar disorders (BD) belong to the most severe mental disorders, characterized by an early onset, predominantly recurrent/chronic course and poor psychosocial functioning. Many patients with BD experience substantial symptomatology months or even years before full BD manifestation. Adequate diagnosis and treatment is often delayed, which is associated with a worse outcome. This study aims to prospectively evaluate and improve early recognition and intervention strategies for persons at-risk for BD. Methods and Results Early-BipoLife is a prospective-longitudinal cohort study of 1419 participants (aged 15-35 years) with at least five waves of assessment over a period of at least 2 years (baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months). A research consortium of ten university and teaching hospitals across Germany conducts this study. The following risk groups (RGs) were recruited: RG I: help-seeking youth & young adults consulting early recognition centres/facilities presenting ≥1 of the proposed risk factors for BD, RG II: in-/outpatients with unipolar depressive syndrome, and RG III: in-/ outpatients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reference cohort was selected from the German representative IMAGEN cohort. Over the study period, the natural course of risk and resilience factors, early symptoms of BD and changes of symptom severity (including conversion to manifest BD) are observed. Psychometric properties of recently developed, structured instruments on potential risk factors for conversion to BD and subsyndromal symptomatology (Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale, Bipolar at-risk criteria, EPI bipolar ) and biomarkers that potentially improve prediction are investigated. Moreover, actual treatment recommendations are monitored in the participating specialized services and compared to recently postulated clinical categorization and treatment guidance in the field of early BD. Conclusion Findings from this study will contribute to an improved knowledge about the natural course of BD, from the onset of first noticeable symptoms (precursors) to fully developed BD, and about mechanisms of conversion from subthreshold to manifest BD. Moreover, these generated data will provide information for the development of evidence-based guidelines for early-targeted detection and preventive intervention for people at risk for BD.
The time course of acute Percheron artery ischemic coma on imaging: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tong Dao-Ming , Zhou Ye-Ting , Liu Guo-Hong
Published: December 2019

Background We investigated the time course of lesions for awakening in acute Percheron artery ischemic coma (PAIC), which was previously unknown. Methods Patients who had newly identified acute PAIC events in 2011–2014 and had not received thrombolytic therapy were enrolled retrospectively. The time course of lesions in PAIC was investigated by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Results Ninety-three patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 63 and 30 had transient PAIC and persistent PAIC, respectively. The time course of awakening events in persistent PAIC decreased over time, with large lesions in the bilateral paramedian thalamus/ rostral midbrain on DWI almost in all patients who was either plus or minus a “top of basilar artery” strokes. Whereas awakening events in transient PAIC increased over time, with small or lacunar lesions in the unilateral or bilateral thalamus/rostral midbrain about in 30.2% cases, and the rest in naturally recanalization of infarcts or TIA. Lesion volumes were larger for persistent PAIC than for transient PAIC (median, 2.4 cm 3 vs. 0.03 cm 3 , P <0.0001). In Cox hazards ratio (HR) analysis, a lower GCS score was associated with mortality (HR, 5.5; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.427–21.45). Multivaliate analysis shown that the predictors of higher risk of persistent PAIC were only increased NIHSS scores (HR,1.3; 95% CI,1.109-1.640) and large lesions in bilateral thalamus/rostral midbrain (HR,15.0; 95% CI,1.440-58.13). Conclusions The only two forms of acute PAIC events were transient and persistent. Most persistent PAIC was associated with large lesions in bilateral paramedian thalamus/rostral midbrain, and with high mortality.
The effect of quitting water pipe during pregnancy on Anthropometric measurements at birth: a population-based prospective cohort study in South of Iran
Authors: Nematollahi Shahrzad , Holakouie-Naieni Koroush , Madani Abdolhossain , Shabkhiz Hossein , Torabi Elham , Lotfi Samaneh
Published: December 2019

Background: Evidence on health effects of tobacco cessation in pregnancy is mainly restricted to cigarette, while water pipe smoking is more prevalent among women in the Middle-East. The present ‎study aimed to assess the effects of cessation of water pipe during pregnancy on ‎birth anthropometric measures in South of Iran. Methods: Data on 1,120 singleton pregnancies (response rate=93.4%) from a population-based prospective cohort study in suburban communities in Bandar Abbas city was used. Birth measures were used according to infant`s vaccination cards. Study subjects were categorized into three subgroups based on water pipe ‎smoking status during pregnancy, including: 1) mothers who never smoke water pipe ‎‎(never smoker); 2)mothers who stopped water pipe during pregnancy and resumed it postpartum (quitters); 3) mothers who continued smoking water pipe regardless ‎of their pregnancy (always smokers). ‎Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) were utilized for the analyses. Results: Compared to never smokers, quitting water pipe in pregnancy would decrease mean birthweight by 99.30 ‎grams (β:-99.30, 95%CI:-204.35,-5.75‎); while an additional decrease by 37.83 grams would occur in always smokers (β:-137.13‎;95%CI:-262.21,-‎‎12.05‎). Mean birth length ‎did not significantly differ among the three water pipe groups. Mean head ‎circumference, however, would significantly increase by 0.79 centimeter in always smokers (β:079,95%CI:0.13,1.45). ‎ Conclusions: Quitting water pipe during pregnancy had positive effects on infant growth, especially birth weight. Some suggestions are provided including integration of information on health benefits of quitting smoking into routine prenatal healthcare services and development of awareness programs to encourage smokers to quit early in pregnancy.
Outcomes of a retrospective study on sustained release betamethasone for transient radicular symptoms in patients after Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion operation
Authors: Li Haojie , Wang Yang , Ma Weihu , Xv Dingli
Published: December 2019

Objective To observe the efficacy and Complications of gelatin sponge sustained release betamethasone for transient radicular symptoms in patients after TLIF operation.Method A total of 218 patients with single-level LDH were retrospectively analyzed from March 2017 to July 2019. Patients were divided into observation group and control groups according to different approach.Clinical data such as lasegue sign, VAS score, ODI index were compared, the data analyzed by SPSS 24.0 statistical software.Results 186 patients were finally included. The observation group has significantly different between the control groups(P<0.05)at five days after surgery. And there was no significant difference in VAS and ODI between the four groups (P > 0.05)at 2-3 months after surgery, . There was no significant difference in blood glucose before and after operation in the observation group(P > 0.05), and numeration of leukocyte in the four groups was significantly higher than before operation (P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the four groups before and after operation (P > 0.05). The patients in the four groups had basically the same satisfaction with the final efficacy (> 90%) . In addition, there was the same Complications in four groups(eg.postoperative nausea, vomiting and other complications.)Conclusion the use of gelatin sponge sustained-release steroids and other mixed solutions can significantly relieve transient radicular symptoms after TLIF operation,and does not influence the occurrence of postoperative complications.
Effect of magnet position on tipping and bodily tooth movement in magnetic force-driven orthodontics
Authors: Ishida Yoshiki , Kuwajima Yukinori , Lee Cliff , Ogawa Kaho , Silva John Daren Da , Ishikawa-Nagai Shigemi
Published: December 2019

Magnets have many advantages for orthodontic applications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the magnet position on the tipping and bodily tooth movement using 3D digital analysis ex vivo. Orthodontic typodont models for space-closing (2mm diastema) were created, mimicking maxillary central incisors. Tooth models (10mm crown and 14mm root length) created by 3D printer were used for the typodont model. Nd-Fe-B magnets were placed in the middle of the tooth (Model-M) and the cervical area (Model-C). The typodonts were immersed in a hot water-bath at 55℃ to initiate tooth movement. The scanned typodont data before and after tooth movement were superimposed, and 3D coordinates (X, Y, Z) on the tooth were obtained. The root apex data was also obtained by superimposing the designed tooth model on the crown portion of the typodont model. 3D movement of the crown and the root apex, moving speed, degree of rotation (yaw, pitch, and roll) in 2 models were analyzed and compared by Pearson’s correlation confidents. Moderate crowding typodont cases were treated with two magnet position settings, and patterns of tooth/root movement and rotation were compared. The largest movement was observed in the X-axis as intended. Model-M indicated higher moving speed and more tooth rotation than Model-C. In Model-M, the root apex moved to the opposite direction of the crown movement with a negative correlation. In contrast, the crown and root apex moved in the same direction with a positive correlation in Model-C. In the ex vivo moderate crowding case, Model-C created bodily movement, in which the cusp and root apex both moved in the same direction with less tooth rotation. The results of this study validated that modifying the position of the applied magnetic force was able to increase the amount of bodily tooth movement and decrease unwanted rotation/tipping in an ex vivo setting.
Higher toenail selenium is associated with increased insulin resistance risk in omnivores, but not in vegetarians
Authors: Gu Qiuyun , Cui Xueying , Du Kun , Wang Bian , Cai Wei , Tang Qingya , Shen Xiuhua
Published: December 2019

Background The relationship between selenium (Se) and insulin resistance remains unclear. We aim to evaluate the association between toenail Se levels and insulin resistance in China.Methods In this cross-sectional study, 220 vegetarians and 220 age-sex- matched omnivores from Shanghai were included. The toenail Se levels were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. Dietary Se intakes were assessed by the 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to examine fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin concentrations. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and insulin secretion index (HOMA-B) were calculated to assess insulin resistance. The multilinear regression models were performed, and the following covariates were included in the models: age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, income, and daily dietary intakes (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and fiber).Results Toenail Se levels were not associated with insulin resistance among vegetarians but were positively associated with fasting insulin levels (β=1.030, 95% CI: 0.393, 1.667) and HOMA-IR (β=0.245, 95% CI: 0.098, 0.392) in omnivores. Stratifying the results by Se intake levels in the omnivores revealed a significant association among those with dietary Se intake ≥ 60 μg/d; insulin level (β=1.053, 95% CI: 0.415, 1.691) and HOMA-IR (β=13.271, 95% CI: 4.433, 22.109) but not in those with < 60 μg/d ; insulin level (β=2.146, 95% CI: -0.710, 5.002) and HOMA-IR (β=13.766, 95% CI: -46.868, 74.400).Conclusions Higher toenail Se levels were associated with increased insulin resistance risk in Chinese omnivores, but not in vegetarians.
MiR-23a induced the activation of CDC42/PAK1 pathway and cell cycle arrest in human ovarian granulosa cells by targeting FGD4
Authors: Lin Ji , Huang Huijuan , Lin Liheng , Li Weiwei , Huang Jianfen
Published: December 2019

Background: MiRNAs play important roles in the development of ovarian cancer, activation of primitive follicles, follicular development, oocyte maturation and ovulation. In the present study, we investigated the specific role of miR-23a in human ovarian granulosa cells. Results: Downregulation of miR-23a was observed in in serum of PCOS patients compared with the healthy control, suggesting the inhibitory effect of miR-23a in PCOS. MiR-23a was positively correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and negatively correlated with Luteinizing hormone (LH) of PCOS patients. MiR-23a mimic inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of human ovarian granulosa cells. In addition, flow cytometry assay confirmed that miR-23a blocked cell cycle on G0/G1 phase. MiR-23a inhibitor showed opposite results. Furthermore, double luciferase reporter assay proved that miR-23a could bind to the 3’UTR of FGD4 directly through sites predicted on Target Scan. FGD4 level was significantly suppressed by miR-23a mimic, but was significantly enhanced by miR-23a inhibitor. We further proved that miR-23a increased the expression of activated CDC42 (GTP bround) and p-PAK-1, suggesting that miR-23a induced cell cycle arrest through CDC42/PAK1 pathway. Conclusions: In conclusion, our study reveals that miR-23a participates in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells through target FGD4, which may have potential for clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCOS patients.
LncGBP9/miR-34a axis modulates macrophage M1/M2 polarization to affect spinal cord injury repair via STAT1/STAT6 and SOCS3
Authors: Zhou Jiahui , Li Zhiyue , Wu Tianding , Zhao Qun , Zhao Qiancheng , Cao Yong
Published: December 2019

Background: Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) could cause mainly two types of pathological sequelae, the primary mechanical injury, and the secondary injury. The dysregulation of macrophage polarization to a pro-inflammatory (M1) or an anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2) might cause the failure to post-SCI repair.Methods: In the present study, we conducted SCI model in Balb/c mice and observed the deregulation of M1/2 macrophage polarization after SCI; by bioinformative analyses, lncRNA lncGBP9 and SOCS3 have been regarded as potent regulators of the macrophage polarization after SCI. Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated and identified.Results: In M1 macrophages, lncGBP9 silence significantly decreased p-STAT1 and SOCS3 expression and protein levels, as well as the production of IL-6 and IL-12; in M2 macrophages, lncGBP9 overexpression increased SOCS3 expression and protein levels while suppressed p-STAT6 levels and the production of IL-10 and TGF-β1, indicating that lncGBP9 overexpression promotes the M1 polarization of macrophages. In lncGBP9-silenced SCI mice, the M2 polarization was promoted on day 28 after operation, further indicating that lncGBP9 silence revised the predominance of M1 polarization at the late stage of secondary injury after SCI, therefore improving the repair after SCI. Conclusions: In macrophages, lncGBP9 sponges miR-34a to rescue SOCS3 expression, therefore modulating macrophage polarization.
The antibacterial properties and mechanism of nanosilver and nanozinc incorporated mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles
Authors: Leng Diya , Li Yan , Zhu Jie , Liang Ruizhen , Zhang Cuifeng , Zhou Yang , Li Mingming , Wang Ying , Rong Di , Wu Daming , Li Jin
Published: December 2019

Background: Silver (Ag) and/or zinc (Zn) incorporated mesoporous calcium-silicate nanoparticles (MCSNs) have good physicochemical characteristics and can be advanced materials for root canal filling. This study was to analyze the antibacterial properties and mechanism of Ag/Zn-MCSNs with different percentage of Ag and Zn.Methods: The antibacterial properties and the cytotoxicity of them were evaluated. Human root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis for 4 weeks to establish bacterial biofilm model. The E. faecalis biofilms were treated with MCSNs, Ag-MCSNs, Zn-MCSNs, Ag/Zn-MCSNs, calcium hydroxide (CH) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for 7 days. The ultrastructure and distribution of viable bacteria of the specimens were evaluated using SEM and CLSM. Human root canals were pretreated with CH, MCSNs, Ag-MCSNs, Zn-MCSNs and Ag/Zn-MCSNs, then the root canals were immersed in E. faecalis suspension for 7 days. The adhesion and colonization of E. faecalis on the root canal walls were observed using SEM and CLSM. Endocytosis of E. Faecalis treated by Ag-MCSNs and Ag/Zn-MCSNs were observed using TEM. Results: The MCSNs containing Ag showed better antibacterial properties than MCSNs and Zn-MCSNs (P<0.05). MCSNs, Ag/Zn(1:1)-MCSNs and Ag/Zn(1:9)-MCSNs showed no obvious cytotoxicity (P>0.05), while Ag-MCSNs and Ag/Zn(9:1)-MCSNs showed cytostatic effects. Zn-MCSNs slightly promote cell proliferation (P<0.05). The MCSNs containing Ag showed antibacterial abilities against E. faecalis biofilm in different degree, and can adhere to dentin surfaces to get a continuous antibacterial effect, but MTA, MCSNs and Zn-MCSNs could not disrupt the bacterial biofilm obviously. The Ag-MCSNs and Ag/Zn-MCSNs release Ag+ and destroy the cell membranes to kill bacteria. Conclusions: The antibacterial effects and cytotoxicity of Ag/Zn-MCSNs are related to Ag content, while Zn reduce cytotoxicity and promote cell proliferation.
Evaluation of TaqMan Array Card (TAC) for the Detection of 28 Respiratory Pathogens
Authors: Liu Keke , Jing Hongbo , Chen Ying , Zheng Xin , Jiang Hua , Kong Decong , Zheng Yvling , Chen Shuiping , Liu Peng , Jiang Yongqiang
Published: December 2019

Background: Respiratory infections are a serious threat to human health. So, rapid detection of all respiratory pathogens can facilitate prompt treatment and prevent the deterioration of respiratory disease. Previously published primers and probes of the TaqMan array card (TAC) for respiratory pathogens are not sensitive to Chinese clinical specimens. This study aimed to develop and improve the TAC assay to detect 28 respiratory viral and bacterial pathogens in a Chinese population. Methods: To improve the sensitivity, we redesigned the primers and probes, and labeled the probes with minor groove binders. The amplification efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity of the primers and probes were determined using target-gene containing standard plasmids. The detection performance of the TAC was evaluated on 754 clinical specimens and the results were compared with those from conventional methods. Results: The performance of the TAC assay was evaluated using 754 clinical throat swab samples and the results were compared with those from gold-standard methods. The sensitivity and specificity were 95.4% and 96.6%, respectively. The lowest detection limit of the TAC was 10 to 100 copies/μL. Conclusions: TAC is an efficient, accurate, and high-throughput approach to detecting multiple respiratory pathogens simultaneously and is a promising tool for the identification of pathogen outbreaks.
MicroRNA expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells associated with syphilis
Authors: Huang Tao , Zhang Jun , Ke Wujian , Zhang Xiaohui , Chen Wentao , Yang Jieyi , Liao Yiwen , Liang Fangwen , Mei Shuqing , Li Mingjiu , Luo Zhenzhou , Zhang Qiwei , Yang Bin , Zheng Heping
Published: December 2019

Background
Treponema pallidum ( T. pallidum ) infection evokes significant immune responses, resulting in tissue damage. The immune mechanism underlying T. pallidum infection is still unclear, although microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to influence immune cell function and, consequently, the generation of antibody responses during other microbe infections. However, these mechanisms are unknown for T. pallidum .
Methods
In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in healthy individuals, untreated patients with syphilis, patients in the serofast state, and serologically cured patients. miRNAs were profiled from the peripheral blood of patients obtained at the time of serological diagnosis. Then, both the target sequence analysis of these different miRNAs and pathway analysis were performed to identify important immune and cell signaling pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for microRNA analysis.
Results
A total of 89 differentially regulated miRNAs were identified. Following RT-qPCR confirmation, three miRNAs (hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-589-3p) showed significant differences in the serofast and serologically cured states ( P <0.05). One miRNA (hsa-miR-195-5p) showed significant differences between untreated patients and healthy individuals.
Conclusions
This is the first study of miRNA expression differences in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in different stages of T. pallium infection. Our study suggests that the combination of three miRNAs has great potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker of T. pallium infections, which will facilitate better diagnosis and treatment of T. pallium infections.
What is a Kimberlite? Petrology and Mineralogy of Hypabyssal Kimberlites
Authors: Mitchell Roger H. , Giuliani Andrea , O’Brien Hugh
Published: December 2019

Hypabyssal kimberlites are subvolcanic intrusive rocks crystallised from mantle-derived magmas poor in SiO2 and rich in CO2 and H2O. They are complex, hybrid rocks containing significant amounts of mantle-derived fragments, primarily olivine with rare diamonds, set in a matrix of essentially magmatic origin. Unambiguous identification of kimberlites requires careful petrographic examination combined with mineral compositional analyses. Melt inclusion studies have shown that kimberlite melts contain higher alkali concentrations than previously thought but have not clarified the ultimate origin of these melts. Because of the hybrid nature of kimberlites and their common hydrothermal alteration by fluids of controversial origin (magmatic and/or crustal), the composition of primary kimberlite melts remains unknown.
Kimberlites as Geochemical Probes of Earth’s Mantle
Authors: Pearson D. Graham , Woodhead Jon , Janney Philip E.
Published: December 2019

Kimberlites are ultrabasic, Si-undersaturated, low Al, low Na rocks rich in CO2 and H2O. The distinctive geochemical character of kimberlite is strongly influenced by the nature of the local underlying lithospheric mantle. Despite this, incompatible trace element ratios and radiogenic isotope characteristics of kimberlites, filtered for the effects of crustal contamination and alteration, closely resemble rocks derived from the deeper, more primitive, convecting mantle. This suggests that the ultimate magma source is sub-lithospheric. Although the composition of primitive kimberlite melt remains unresolved, kimberlites are likely derived from the convecting mantle, with possible source regions ranging from just below the lithosphere, through the transition zone, to the core–mantle boundary.
Dating Kimberlites: Methods and Emplacement Patterns Through Time
Authors: Heaman Larry M. , Phillips David , Pearson Graham
Published: December 2019

Key to deciphering the origin and tectonic setting of kimberlite magmatism is an accurate understanding of when they formed. Although determining absolute emplacement ages for kimberlites is challenging, recent methodological advances have contributed to a current database of >1,000 precisely dated kimberlite occurrences. Several profound findings emerge from kimberlite geochronology: kimberlites were absent in the first half of Earth history; most kimberlites were emplaced during the Mesozoic; kimberlite magma formation may be triggered by a variety of Earth processes (deep mantle plumes, subduction of oceanic lithosphere, continental rifting); and enhanced periods of kimberlite magmatism coincide with supercontinent breakup.
Ekstraksi Ciri Orde Pertama dan Metode Principal Component Analysis untuk Mengidentifikasi Jenis Telur Ayam Kampung dan Ayam Arab
Authors: Nurhayati Oky Dwi , Eridani Dania , Ulinuha Ajik
Published: December 2019

Chicken eggs become one of the animal proteins commonly used by people, especially in Indonesia. Eggs have high economic value and have diverse benefits and a high nutritional content. Visually to distinguish between domestic chicken eggs and arabic chicken eggs has many difficulties because physically the shape and color of eggs have similarities. This research was conducted to develop applications that were able to identify the types of domestic chicken eggs and Arab chicken eggs using the Principal Componenet Analysis (PCA) method and first order feature extraction. The application applies digital image processing stages, namely resizing image size, RGB color space conversion to HSV, contrast enhancement, image segmentation using the thresholding method, opening and region filling morphology operations, first order feature extraction and classification using the PCA method. The results of identification of types of native domestic chicken eggs and Arabic chicken eggs using the Principal Component Analysis method showed the results of 95% system accuracy percentage, consisting of 90% accuracy of success in the type of domestic chicken eggs and 100% accuracy of success in the type of Arabic chicken eggs.
5. 6. 7. ve 8. SINIF MÜZİK DERS KİTAPLARININ SOMUT OLMAYAN KÜLTÜREL MİRAS ÖĞELERİ BAKIMINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Özkan Köse Pelin , Yüksel Adil Levent
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışma, ortaokul müzik ders kitaplarındaki konu ve kazanımları Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras öğeleri bakımından incelemeyi amaçlayan nitel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağını Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Ortaokul Müzik Ders kitapları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. Sınıf müzik ders kitapları, içerik analizi yöntemiyle ele alınmış ve bu ders kitaplarındaki SOKÜM unsurlarına ilişkin tespitlerde bulunulmuştur. Araştırma sınırlılıkları doğrultusunda yapılan inceleme sonucunda; temel müzik kavram ve bilgilerinin öğretiminde, sözlü gelenek ve anlatımlar kapsamına giren türkülerden sıklıkla yararlanıldığı, gösteri sanatları boyutuna her bir sınıf düzeyinde yer verilmekte olduğu, 7. ve 8. sınıf müzik ders kitaplarında yer verilen konularda Somut Olmayan Kültürel Miras öğelerine daha fazla yer verildiği ve toplumsal uygulamalar, ritüeller ve şölenler bakımından çok az sayıda kazanımın ders kitaplarında yer aldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, ortaokul müzik ders kitaplarında yapılan inceleme, bu kitaplarda yer verilen türkülerin daha çok rastlantısal bir şekilde kullanılmakta olduğu izlenimi oluşturmaktadır.
Isparta Köy Seyirlik Oyunları
Authors: Saygın Gemici Aslıhan , Ünlü Aycıl Nil
Published: December 2019

Kökenleri ritüellere ve mitlere dayanan Köy Seyirlik Oyunları neredeyse insanlık tarihiyle aynı yaştadır. Ölüp yeniden dirilme, bereketin artırılması gibi motiflerle şekillenen bu tarih öncesi bolluk törenleri, tamamen köy halkının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilir. Bu çalışma, Isparta’nın köylerinde oyunların nasıl ve hangi zamanlarda oynandığını incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen alan çalışmaları ve literatür tarama yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Tespit edilen Köy Seyirlik Oyunları da yapı, biçim ve içerik açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan alan çalışmaları ve edinilen bilgilerde, Isparta’da daha çok düğünlerde oynanan bu oyunların eğlence amaçlı oynandığı tespit edilmiştir.
eğlence amaçlı oynandığı tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Köy Seyirlik Oyunları, Isparta, Motif.
Initiation as a Tool for the Development of Leadership Qualities of Socially Active High School Students: the case of the School of Leaders "The Restless Hearts of Kuzbass" (Kemerovo State University)
Authors: Dzvonik Veronika
Published: December 2019

The article considers initiation as a means of developing leadership qualities of socially active high school students. The research featured the development of leadership skills in socially active high school students in the School of Leaders organized by Kemerovo State University. The paper reviews theoretical ideas about leadership as an object of psychological and pedagogical research. The author determined the content characteristics of social competence as the basis of leadership manifestation and described the features of the development of leadership qualities in socially active high school students. The article describes various socialization projects implemented in Russian universities and considers the phenomenon of initiation employed in "The Republic of Restless Hearts". The initiation project is based on a forming experiment and proved effective in the local School of Leaders. The research results can help to improve the process of leadership development of socially active high school students in various youth organizations. The results were implemented in practice to develop leadership skills of socially active high school students during the Regional Professional Camp of youth organizations "The Republic of Restless Hearts" and can be of practical use to other youth organizations.
To the Problem of Modeling in Modern Education: Prospects for Model Transformations and Implementation Risks
Authors: Krecan Zoya , Morozov Evgeny
Published: December 2019

The research featured the current state of education taking into account the specifics of national features of the implementation of a particular model. The study focused on specific characteristics of education at the beginning of the XXI century and integration of various educational models. The research objective was to identify and theoretically justify the prospects of development and the implementation risks for modern models of education in the world, as well as to prove the effectiveness of the national educational system. The paper describes the features of modern education, including the interaction of numerous local educational environments. The authors studied the mutual use of specific features of innovative environments of one country in the educational space of other countries. The paper contains a list of generalized characteristics peculiar to the educational systems of different countries, e.g. transformability, modelability, openness, adaptability, etc. The study made it possible to define directions of development of the education system in the world educational environment. The authors considered the advantages and disadvantages of each system. They highlighted some models of training that owe their efficiency to certain features. The paper also introduces the problem of development and implementation of the national model of education. A retrospective analysis made it possible to define the features of the formation of the national model at different historical stages, as well as the risks of formation. The article introduces guidelines for the construction of the Russian national model and gives practical recommendations aimed at building the national model of education.
Architectural Education for Sustainable Urban Regeneration
Authors: Çahantimur Arzu , Öztürk Rengin Beceren
Published: December 2019

Urban regeneration is one of the important agendas of Turkey as a developing country. Rapid urbanization problems have been causing vital social and economic problems together with physical and spatial ones especially in  big cities of Turkey. Thus, national and local governments handled urban regeneration as a practical method for solution of these problems. However, they unfortunately don’t implement urban regeneration according to its real requirements. Instead, this multi-dimensional and complex process is seen as a pull down and built up operation. Considering this situation and being in awareness of the responsibilities of architects throughout urban regeneration process, the authors think that urban regeneration should be discussed in the scope of architectural education.  This paper presents the purpose, the process and the products of an undergraduate architectural design studio that was undertaken at Bursa Uludağ University, Faculty of Architecture. The architectural and urban design projects of the students of which aim was to offer a livable and sustainable mixed used living environments are discussed together with their conceptual backgrounds. Putting stress on the differences between theory and practice, the conclusion introduces a critical evaluation of urban regeneration and sustainable housing concepts in Turkey.
Development of an Open-Source Water Consumption Meter for Housing
Authors: Arzate Miguel , Arzate Gerardo , Aguirre Javier
Published: December 2019

This article reports on the project "Design and development of water and gas P.L. measurement devices in the housing: an approach to sustainable consumption in Mexico", prepared at the Metropolitan Autonomous University in the Department of the Environment, whose objective was to develop a device to measure water consumption in the housing, which allows users to know their spending and can make decisions in favor of efficiency through the reduction of water use in household activities. The meter is made up of open source, programmable or reconfigurable software, which receives the signal from a water flow sensor and a casing designed to contain the hardware and facilitate the user's installation. Both the hardware and the casing can be purchased, downloaded, manufactured and assembled at home (Do It Yourself). As specific results were obtained: hardware programming and housing design and as a final result: the assembly of the functional prototype with which measurements of water consumption were made in a housing in Mexico. With this work we conclude that through the development of new accessible and common measurement technologies for the users of a house, it will be possible to promote efficiency in the use of natural resources in cities, increasing availability and promoting a more sustainable urban development.
Load Shifting Assessment of Residential Heat Pump System in Japan
Authors: Zhao Xueyuan , Gao Weijun , Li Yanxue , Ushifusa Yoshiaki
Published: December 2019

With the economic growth and increasing requirement of indoor thermal comfort, the load of building sector presents a greater variability.This paper aims at analyzing the energy consumption characteristics and influencing factors of the residential heat pump system. Firstly, we selected residential households as investigated objective in Kitakyushu, Japan, and compared the energy saving performances of heat supply systems between heat pump and natural gas boiler. The results were based on real measured residential load during winter period, and calculated the cost saving performance of residential heat pump system compared with traditional natural gas boiler. We also did a survey of residential occupation behavior for the 12 selected residential customers. The result indicated that there was low relationship between power consumption and occupation hours, and the number of family members had a significant impact on the power consumption. The results indicate that residential heat pump system presented promising energy saving and cost reduction potential.
Using C. vulgaris assisted microbial desalination cell as a green technology in landfill leachate pre-treatment: a factor-performance relation study
Authors: Hui Wang Jian , David Ewusi-Mensah , Huang Jingyu
Published: December 2019

Algae biocathodes have become one of the most sustainable replacements for abiotic cathodes which were expensive and had toxic chemical oxidant by-products. In this study, a pure culture of Chlorella vulgaris from a photobioreactor was pumped into a photosynthetic microbial desalination cell to treat real landfill leachate (had undergone physical treatment) under varying ‘factor-conditions (FC)’ to embark on a factor-performance relation (FPR) study. This aimed at determining the relationship between operating factors and to depict the most favourable conditions (and range) in order to boost the overall performance of the reactor/cell. Three groups of FC (A, B and C) were adapted, in that, under FC A external resistance was varied, FC B varied pumping rate and FC C varied temperature, light intensity and dissolved oxygen under conditions flow and recirculation mode. Results showed 95% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, a maximum power density of 121.57 mWm−2 (anodic volume) and an average desalination rate of 3.93 mg/L/h. The varying results at different FC showed the significant impact of operating conditions on performance. Algae biocathodes also proved to be an essential benefit in boosting the sustainable application of microbial desalination cells (MDCs) in wastewater and landfill pre-treatment as well as the generation of bioenergy.
As(III) removal by Fe(III)-amidoximated PAN in the presence of H2O2 through simultaneous oxidation and adsorption
Authors: Gao Luyao , Hao Mengna , Bu Fanling , Ji Chunnuan , Qu Rongjun , Sun Changmei , Zhang Ying
Published: December 2019

This study explored the efficient removal of As(III) by Fe(III)-amidoximated PAN (Fe(III) AO PAN) in the presence of H2O2 through simultaneous oxidation and adsorption. It presented that As(III) could be oxidized to As(V) efficiently in the pH range 3–9 within a short time. At the same time, the oxidized As(V) was adsorbed by Fe(III)-AO PAN. The effect of pH value, H2O2 concentration, Fe(III)-AO PAN amount, and coexisting anions on the As(III) oxidation and removal were investigated in detail. Dynamic adsorption on fixed column was also studied. Arsenic removal efficiency including As(III) and As(V) could be achieved (95.2%) by the simultaneous oxidation and adsorption process at the following optimal conditions: pH = 6.5, dosage of Fe(III)-AO PAN = 2.5 g/L, H2O2 = 100 mg/L, initial concentration of As(III) = 5 mg/L. Dynamic adsorption on fixed column demonstrated that As(III) in simulated groundwater could be efficiently removed from 500μg/L to <10 μg/L within 130 bed volumes (BV).
Kinetics studies on the adsorption of Methyl Orange and Metanil Yellow onto bottom ash: a comparative account
Authors: Malviya Arti , Jaspal Dipika Kaur , Khamparia Shraddha
Published: December 2019

The focal point of the study lies in the comparative evaluation of the kinetic data involved in the eradication of toxic dyes from waste waters using the adsorption technique. The investigation reveals the dynamic adsorption behavior of two hazardous textile dyes viz. Metanil Yellow and Methyl Orange over bottom ash, an industrial waste material. The impact of several experimental parameters has been inspected using batch mode to acquire information on the ongoing mechanism. The graphical profiles obtained for the adsorption of Metanil Yellow and Methyl Orange onto bottom ash suggested an increase in the adsorption rate with time, with gradual attainment of equilibrium between the adsorbing species and adsorbent. The study revealed that second-order kinetics has been followed in both cases. Adsorption of Methyl Orange over bottom ash followed particle diffusion whereas film diffusion predominated in the case of Metanil Yellow.
Renin-Angiotensin System and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathophysiology: From the Potential Interactions to Therapeutic Perspectives
Authors: Ribeiro Victor Teatini , de Souza Leonardo Cruz , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina
Published: December 2019

New roles of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), apart from fluid homeostasis
and Blood Pressure (BP) regulation, are being progressively unveiled, since the discoveries of
RAS alternative axes and local RAS in different tissues, including the brain. Brain RAS is
reported to interact with pathophysiological mechanisms of many neurological and psychiatric
diseases, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Even though AD is the most common cause of
dementia worldwide, its pathophysiology is far from elucidated. Currently, no treatment can
halt the disease course. Successive failures of amyloid-targeting drugs have challenged the
amyloid hypothesis and increased the interest in the inflammatory and vascular aspects of AD.
RAS compounds, both centrally and peripherally, potentially interact with neuroinflammation
and cerebrovascular regulation. This narrative review discusses the AD pathophysiology and
its possible interaction with RAS, looking forward to potential therapeutic approaches. RAS
molecules affect BP, cerebral blood flow, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.
Angiotensin (Ang) II, via angiotensin type 1 receptors may promote brain tissue damage, while
Ang-(1-7) seems to elicit neuroprotection. Several studies dosed RAS molecules in AD
patients' biological material, with heterogeneous results. The link between AD and clinical
conditions related to classical RAS axis overactivation (hypertension, heart failure, and chronic
kidney disease) supports the hypothesized role of this system in AD. Additionally, RAStargeting
drugs as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) and Angiotensin
Receptor Blockers (ARBs) seem to exert beneficial effects on AD. Results of randomized
controlled trials testing ACEi or ARBs in AD are awaited to elucidate whether AD-RAS
interaction has implications on AD therapeutics.