bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSPECTS FOR GENE EDITING USING CRISPR/CAS, OR HOW TO MASTER THE GENETIC SCISSORS Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2020
Authors:   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Komisarenko Serhiy V. , Romaniuk Svitlana I. ,   Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020 was awarded to two researchers in the field of molecular biology: French Emmanuelle Charpentier, who currently heads the Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens (Berlin, Germany), and American Jennifer Doudna of the University of California (Berkeley, CA, USA) “for the development of a method for genome editing.” The press release of the Nobel Committee states that the winners have discovered one of the most powerful tools of genetic technology, CRISPR/Cas9, or so-called “genetic scissors.” This method has helped to obtain many important results in basic research. In particular, plant researchers have been able to create crops that are resistant to mold, pests and drought. In medicine, clinical trials of new methods of cancer treatment are underway, and the dream of curing hereditary diseases is about to become a reality. “Genetic scissors” have brought the life sciences to a new stage of development and are of great benefit to mankind.
Поезія як стратегія виживання (Нобелівська премія з літератури 2020 року)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko Institute of Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stembkovska Ganna O.
Published: December 2020

The Nobel Prize in Literature in 2020 was awarded to the American poet Louise Glück “for her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal.” According to the Nobel Committee, Louise Glück's work is characterized by a striving for clarity, and “childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings, is a thematic that has remained central with her.”
ON THE CONCEPT OF THE STATE TARGET SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PROGRAM OF COMPREHENSIVE CLIMATE RESEARCH OF UKRAINE UNTIL 2030 Transcript of scientific report at the meeting of the Presidium of NAS of Ukraine, November 27, 2020
Authors:   Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute of State Emergency Service of Ukraine and National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Osadchyi Volodymyr I.
Published: December 2020

The concept of the State Target Scientific and Technical Program of Comprehensive Climate Research of Ukraine until 2030 is presented in the report. Based on the results of comprehensive research, the Program is aimed at creating an effective system for providing state authorities and local governments, enterprises, institutions, organizations, the population of Ukraine with hydrometeorological information and forecasts of possible socio-economic and environmental consequences of climate fluctuations and changes.
WITH SYMMETRY IN LIFE AND MATHEMATICS To the 75th anniversary of Corresponding Member of NAS of Ukraine A.G. Nikitin
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Boyko Vyacheslav M. , Vaneeva Olena O. ,   Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zhalij Alexander Yu. ,   Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Popovych Roman O. ,   Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

December 25 marks the 75th anniversary of the famous Ukrainian specialist in mathematical physics, winner of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology (2001) and the M.M. Krylov Prize of the NAS of Ukraine (2010), Head of the Department of Mathematical Physics of the Institute of Mathematics of the NAS of Ukraine, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (1987), Professor (2001), Corresponding Member of the NAS of Ukraine (2009) Anatoly G. Nikitin.
Future orientation and fertility: cross-national evidence using Google search
Authors: Cavalli Nicolò
Published: December 2020

Using digital traces to investigate demographic behaviours, I leverage in this paper aggregated web search data to develop a Future Orientation Index for 200 countries and territories across the world. This index is expressed as the ratio of Google search volumes for ‘next year’ (e.g., 2021) to search volumes for ‘current year’ (e.g., 2020), adjusted for country-level internet penetration rates. I show that countries with lower levels of future orientation also have higher levels of fertility. Fertility rates decrease quickly as future orientation levels increase; but at the highest levels of future orientation, this correlation flattens out. Theoretically, I reconstruct the role that varying degrees of future orientation might play in fertility decisions by incorporating advances in behavioural economics into a traditional quantity-quality framework à la Becker.
Natural Law: Practical Reason and Creative Information
Authors: Finnis John
Published: December 2020

Leaving unstated it’s probably many connections with Chinese traditional cultures, it [this paper] seeks to articulate some main theses of the tradition that, owing as much (if not more) to Hebrew prophets as to Greek philosophers, is foundational for a critical appropriation and defence of authentic human rights. Leaving many important human rights unstated, it tries to identify the rational foundations for them all, in nine theses.
The relation between reason and goodness in John Finnis
Authors: Flippen Douglas
Published: December 2020

John Finnis joins Grisez in providing a new foundation for Thomistic natural law theory. To accomplish this, they closely associate good as perfection with good as to be pursued and have both senses grasped together by the practical intellect independently of the speculative intellect. The practical intellect then presents good to the will and motivates it to act for the first time. Since good as perfection is inherently speculative and since the intellect becomes practical only depending on the will, their notion of the practical intellect is incoherent and their new foundation is deeply flawed.
On what a theory of natural law is supposed to be
Authors: Pakaluk Michael
Published: December 2020

A theory may properly be called a theory of natural law, if either it functions as such a theory is expected to function; or it has the expected content; or it is a plausible interpretation of a theory generally acknowledged to be in the tradition of natural law. It functions as such a theory if it supports appeals to natural law intended to ‘contextualize’ human law. It has the expected content, if it adverts to providential, natural teleology as the basis for a law given to us prior to convention. It would clearly be located in the tradition, and rightly accounted as such a theory, if it were a plausible interpretation of Aquinas’ Treatise on Law, which is the locus classicus for the philosophical treatment of natural law. But the ‘New Natural Law,’ first expounded in Natural Law and Natural Rights (NLNR) of John Finnis, meets none of these criteria. NLNR seems best construed, then, as a contribution to the «law and morality » debate, not a theory of natural law. It gives merely another ‘method of ethics’ along with the many others put forward in the 20th c. If so, the philosophical work needed for a persuasive, contemporary revival of natural law still remains to be done.
El bien común político en «Natural Law and Natural Rights» en cotejo doctrinal con el tomismo
Authors: Castaño Sergio-Raúl
Published: December 2020

El objeto del presente artículo consiste, en primer término, en el análisis de la noción de bien común y de bien común político, tal como es presentada por John Finnis en Natural Law and Natural Rights. Para enseguida, en un segundo momento, contrastar dicha concepción con la sostenida por Tomás de Aquino y algunos destacados exégetas contemporáneos del pensamiento del Aquinate, hasta 1980.

Queda abierto el debate científico-filosófico acerca de la validez sistemática, «en las cosas mismas» (Husserl), que quepa reconocer a una y a otra posición.
Size Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on Optical and Electrical Properties of Au@TiO\(_2\) Nanocomposite Thin Films
Authors: Pham Long Duy , Le Chi Ha , Nguyen Oanh Thi Tu , Dang Chien Tran , Ly Tai Ngoc , Nguyen Ngan Thi Thanh , Nguyen Van Dai , Thach Lien Thi Dao , Nguyen Hieu Si
Published: December 2020

This study focuses on the influence of gold nanoparticle sizes on optical and electrical properties of Au@TiO2 nanocomposite films. Here, the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different sizes of 5 nm, 10 nm, 20 nm, 40 nm and 60 nm were dispersed onto nanoporous TiO2 thin films to form Au@TiO2 nanocomposite films. FE-SEM images and UV-vis absorption spectra show that AuNPs had good dispersion on the TiO2 films and all Au@TiO2 nanocomposite films exhibited a good surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the resonance absorption peaks in the visible light region (about 550 nm). The effect of AuNPs on the films photoluminescence property was investigated using excited laser light of 325 nm wavelength at room temperature. The films electrical properties were studied from the change of the photocurrent under illumination of solar simulator and UV light source. The results show that the presence of gold nanoparticles has significantly improved the photocurrent of Au@TiO2 nanocomposite films and especially when AuNPs size was less than 20 nm. In addition, we also found that the photocurrent magnitude of the films with small AuNPs sizes (5 nm and 10 nm) under solar simulator light was 4 times larger than the one under UV light. These results indicate that AuNPs size had a great influence on the improvement of photocurrent in nanocomposite films.
Unfolding Band and Absorption Energy Shift of \(\text{Si-Ge}\) Nano Crystals from First-principles Calculations
Authors: Tran Van Quang , Tran Thi Thuy Duong , Le Thanh Cong , Ngo Ngoc Ha , Nguyen Thi Thuy Nhung , Nguyen Huy Viet
Published: December 2020

Physical properties of the Si\(_{1-x}\)Ge\(_{x}\) alloys ($x$ being the composition of Ge) can be understood and predicted from their electronic band structures. In this paper, electronic band structures of the Si\(_{1-x}\)Ge\(_{x}\) alloys are calculated using the first-principles density functional theory. The supper cell approach employed in our calculations leads to folding of electronic bands into the smaller Brillouin zone of the supercell, especially at the \(\Gamma\) point. This often leads to the misinterpretation that the materials have direct band gap. The problem can be resolved by an unfolding band technique which allows us to recover the primitive cell picture of band structure of Si\(_{1-x}\)Ge\(_{x}\). As a result, unfolded electronic bands correctly show an indirect band gap with the valence band maximum (VBM) at the $\Gamma $ point and the conduction band minimum (CBM) shifted away from \(\Gamma\). CBM is gradually shifted from a point along \(\Gamma X\) symmetry line (associated with Si) to the L point (associated with Ge) with the increased Ge composition \(x\) and the switching occurs at \(x\) in the range of 0.6\(\sim\)0.8 which is in accordance with the calculation using \textbf{\textit{kp}} method. Moreover, the additional electron pockets appear and develop at \(\Gamma\) and $L$. This provides more comprehensive understanding for our recent experimental observations on the shift of the absorption energy assigned to $E1$ direct transitions within \(L\) and \(\Gamma\) points in the Brillouin zone of Si\(_{1-x}\)Ge\(_{x}\) alloy nanocrystals.
Interaction Between Two Jackiw-Rebbi States in Interfaced Binary Waveguide Arrays with Cubic-quintic Nonlinearity
Authors: Tran Xuan Truong , Nguyen Nhu Xuan , Nguyen The Quang , Nguyen Van Toan , Nguyen Tuan Linh
Published: December 2020

We study the coupling and switching effects of two discrete relativistic quantum Jackiw-Rebbi states in interfaced binary waveguide arrays with cubic-quintic nonlinearity. Like in the case with Kerr nonlinearity, two Jackiw-Rebbi states can couple efficiently to each other in the low-power regime, show the switching effect in the intermediate-power regime, and possess the trapping effect in the high-power regime. However, in the case with cubic-quintic nonlinearity, if the input Jackiw-Rebbi state power is increased further, one can observe the quasi-linear coupling effect between two Jackiw-Rebbi states which has not been found between two Jackiw-Rebbi states in interfaced binary waveguide arrays with Kerr nonlinearity.
Nuclear Mean-Field Description of Proton Elastic Scattering by \(^{12,13}\)C at Low Energies
Authors: Nguyen Le Anh , Phan Huan Nhut , Nguyen Hoang Phuc
Published: December 2020

Nuclear reactions of proton by light nuclei at low energies play a key role in the study of nucleosynthesis which is of interest in nuclear astrophysics. The most fundamental process which is very necessary is the elastic scattering. In this work, we construct a microscopic proton-nucleus potential in order to describe the differential cross-sections over scattering angles of the proton elastic scattering by \(^{12}\)C and \(^{13}\)C in the range of available energies 14 - 22 MeV. The microscopic optical potential is based on the folding model using the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction CDM3Yn. The results show the promising use of the CDM3Yn interactions at low energies, which were originally used for nuclear reactions at intermediate energies. This could be the premise for the study of nuclear reactions using CDM3Yn interaction in astrophysics at low energies.
Photocurrents in GaAs quantum wires including excitonic effects
Authors: Duc Huynh Thanh , Ngo Cong
Published: December 2020

Photocurrent induced by ultrashort laser pulses in [100]-oriented GaAs quantum wires with square cross section is investigated using the multiband semiconductor Bloch equations with the inclusion of electron-hole interaction. Influences of excitonic effects and quantum confinement effects on the photocurrent are evaluated and discussed.
Supercontinuum Generation in Photonic Crystal Fibers Infiltrated with Liquids
Authors: Van Cao Long
Published: December 2020

In this paper we present the development of a new direction in so-called optofluidics , namely the research of photonic crystal fibers (PCF) infiltrated with liquids. In particular we concentrate on the flagship application of PCF, the process of Supercontinuum Generation (SG), in which injected monochromatic pulse may be dramatically broadened (spectrally), which creates a coherent beam generation of high brightness comparable to that of monochromatic lasers. The supercontinuum is formed when a collection of nonlinear processes act together upon a pump beam in order to cause severe spectral broadening of the original pump beam. Explanation of this process is based on numerical simulations for  Generalized Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE) which describes the rich nonlinear dynamics of pulse propagation in nonlinear dispersive media.   All nonlinear phenomena involved in SG will be analyzed. We present specially activity of the Polish-Vietnamese Group from the beginning in 2016 to recent time in this domain.
Simulation Study on Supercontinuum Generation at Normal Dispersion Regime of a Carbon Disulfide-core Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Chu Van Bien , Quang Ho Dinh , Thi Ha Le , Cao Long Van , Van Hung Vu , Le Van Hieu
Published: December 2020

A photonic crystal fiber with a hollow core filled with carbon disulfide (CS2) is proposed as a new source of supercontinuum light. We numerically study guiding properties of modeled fibers including the dispersion and the effective mode area of the fundamental mode. As a result, octave spanning of the SC spectrum was achieved in the wavelength range of near-IR from 1.25 μm to 2.3 μm with 90 fs pulse and energy of 1.5 nJ at a pump wavelength of 1.55 μm. The proposed fibers are fully compatible with all-silica fiber systems, in particular, could be used for all-fiber SC sources and new low-cost all-fiber optical systems.
Excitation function for the production of 96Nb in the natZr(p,x) reaction
Authors: Do Nguyen Van
Published: December 2020

Abstract. We have measured the excitation function for the production of 96Nb in proton induced reaction on natural zirconium in the energy range of 10.58 MeV to 43.61 MeV. The measurement was performed using a stacked-foil activation method combined with off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The stack containing Zr samples, Cu monitors, and several energy degraders was irradiated at the MC-50 Cyclotron of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAM), Korea. The cross section of the natZr(p,x)96Nb reaction was extracted from the measured activity of reaction product using an HPGe γ-ray detector. The energy of the proton beam along the stacked foil was calculated using the code SRIM-2013. The proton beam flux was determined via the natCu(p,x)62Zn and natCu(p,x)65Zn monitoring reactions. The measured cross sections of the natZr(p,x)96Nb reaction as a function of the proton energy are compared with the literature data as well as with the theoretical predictions using the TALYS-1.95 nuclear model code and the TENDL-2019 nuclear data library.
Optimization and Characterization of Paper-based SERS Substrates for Detection of Melamine
Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc , Chu Viet Ha , Nguyen Thi Thuy , Nguyen Trong Nghia , Tran Hong Nhung
Published: December 2020

A flexible low-cost paper-based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate was successfully manufactured by a direct chemical reduction of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto a common commercially available filter paper. Characterization of fabricated paper-based SERS substrate and the influences of the silver nitrate concentration, type of paper on SERS signal were systematically investigated. In order to fabricate SERS substrates with the highest quality, a suitable one from four different types of filter papers was chosen. The prepared SERS substrates have capability for detecting food toxic chemicals. The test of detecting melamine in aqueous solution was successfully demonstrated with the limit of detection for melamine is 10-7M.
Feature Properties of Photonic Crystal Fiber with Hollow Core Filled Nitrobenzene
Authors: Tran Quoc Vu , Chu Thi Gia Trang , Le Van Minh , Nguyen Thi Thuy , Nguyen Thi Hong Phuong , Doan Quoc Khoa , Dinh Xuan Khoa , Le Xuan Bao , Vo Thi Minh Ngoc , Chu Van Lanh
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with core infiltrated with Nitrobenzene is proposed and investigated. Its feature properties as the effective refractive index, effective mode area, chromatic dispersion, and confinement loss have been numerically simulated. The obtained results show that characteristic quantities of PCF with core infiltrated with Nitrobenzene (PCF-N) having some advantages in comparison to PCF with core infiltrated with Toluene (PCF-T) at 1.55μm wavelength. For the purpose of supercontinuum generation, two optimal structures with lattice constants 2.0μm and 2.5μm with filling factors d/Ʌ = 0.3 are identified.
Facile Synthesis and Characterization of the Reduced Graphene Oxide/Co\(_3\)O\(_4\) Nanocomposite for Capacitive Application
Authors: Pham Thi Nam , Nguyen Thi Thom , Nguyen Thi Thu Trang , Dinh Thi Mai Thanh , Vo Thi Kieu Anh , Nguyen Anh Son , Tran Dai Lam
Published: December 2020

Reduced graphene oxide/Co\(_3\)O\(_4\) (rGO/Co\(_3\)O\(_4\)) were prepared by simple ultrasonic method from graphene oxide (GO) and Co(CH\(_3\)COO)\(_2\) precursor.  The synthesized rGO/CO3O4 was thoroughly characterized by SEM/EDX, XRD, FTIR and BET. The obtained results indicate the presence of well-crystalized Co\(_3\)O\(_4\) nanoparticles onto the rGO nanosheets in the lamellar structure of rGO/Co\(_3\)O\(_4\). Despite slight decrease in BET specific surface area (from 389.9 m\(^2\)/g of rGO to 218.7 m\(^2\)/g of rGO/Co\(_3\)O\(_4\)), cyclic voltammetry studies show that the rGO/Co3O4 electrode exhibited high specific capacitance (95.8 F/ g at 50 mV/ s) with redox properties. The synthesized composites are expected to be a potential electrode candidate in supercapacitor as well as in hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI) system for the desalination purpose.
Plasmonic Photothermal Heating of Gold Nanoshell Solutions
Authors: Nga Do Thi , Nam Le Ba , Thao To Thi , Duong Vu Thi Thuy
Published: December 2020

We present a theoretical approach to theoretically investigate how gold core-shellnanoparticles dispersed in water thermally respond to near-infrared-regime laser illumination. First, the absorption cross section of gold nanostructures is calculated using Mie theory. Second, we determine the absorbed power density when the solution is exposed by the laser light. Here, the solution of nanostructures is assumed to be uniform and homogenous. Third, we analytically solve the transient bioheat equation to calculate time-dependent temperature increase. Our theoretical calculations quantitatively agree with previous experiments without any adjustable parameter.This approach would provide a reliable tool to understand photothermal effects in unexplored structures.
Nonlinear Double-arm Optical Tweezers for Controlling 3D Microspheres
Authors: Thang Nguyen Manh
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a new nonlinear double-arm optical tweezer combining Mach-Zenhder interferometer, objective lens and organic dye layer is proposed. Based on the ray-optical and wave optical approximations, the expression describing the separation of two trap centers and laser intensity distribution is derived. The obtained results show that the separation between two trap centers, the laser intensity distribution, trap region's area and optical trap efficiency can be controlled by tuning laser power. The proposed model is seen to be a double-arm optical tweezer for controlling 3D microsphere by optical method.
Development of Novel 3d Printable Graphene-based Composite Towards Fabrication of Thin Film Electrode Material
Authors: Le T. M. Hanh , Do T. Thuy , Hoang T. Dung , Doan T. Tung , Vu X. Minh , Pham T. Lan , Le T. Lu , Tran D. Lam , Nguyen T. Dung
Published: December 2020

Graphene/polymer composite thin film electrodes have many important applications, but the fabrication of these electrodes is often difficult because of poor processability of graphene. This paper presents the primary results on using 3D printing technique for thin film electrode preparation from graphene-based composite ink. The printing ink was synthesized from graphene oxide (GO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder and stabilizer, and ascorbic acid (AA) as a reducing agent. The measured zeta potential value showed that PVA can make GO ink more stable, the absolute value of zeta potential increased from 10.1 mV (without PVA) to 31.4 mV (with 12 wt. % PVA). The thin film electrodes can be easily printed using GO/PVA/AA composite ink, and obtained voltammograms recorded on the surface of these electrodes in 5 mM K3[Fe(CN)6]/K4[Fe(CN)6] solution clearly indicated the GO reduction by AA. The best electrochemical properties of printed electrodes were founded in the case of composite ink with wt/wt ratio GO:PVA:AA = 80:12:8. The cyclic voltammetric results demonstrated the linear dependence of the anodic and cathodic signals of redox couple [Fe(CN)6]4-/K3[Fe(CN)6]3- with the   square root of scan rate, indicating a reversible redox reaction on the electrode surface. The thin films printed from GO/PVA/AA composite ink can be used as electrode material for diverse applications in electrochemistry.
Multi-Level Optimization Approach to Managing the Development of Hierarchical Socio-Economic Systems
Authors:   Financial University Under the Government of the Russian Federation (Tula Branch), Zhukov Roman
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to develop a multi-level optimization approach to the management of hierarchical socio-economic systems (HSES). The starting point of the approach is to build a model of the functioning of HSES at the regional level (meso–level), which includes a set of models that characterize the results of the functioning of elements and their aggregates that form subsystems – classes – within the framework of a formalized description of the object of research. For each element and subsystem (for the selected subsystems, its own model of functioning can be built) of the considered hierarchy level, particular and integral indicators of performance, efficiency and harmony, which serve as indicators of the set (normative, expected) functioning of HSES, are formed. If indicators deviate from standard values, an optimization procedure is performed, which consists in searching for such conditions (state and impact factors for each of the considered subsystems and their elements), in which indicator values will correspond to the standard (expected) values. In general, this problem is reduced to the problem of multi-criteria optimization, where the target function consists of a combination of private and aggregated production functions, the parameters of which are determined using the factor analysis of dependencies. Object and cybernetic models illustrating the multi-level optimization approach to the management of HSES are presented.
Macro-Regions in the Spatial Development Strategy of Russia: Verification of Borders by Promising Economic Specializations
Authors:   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Blanutsa Viktor
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to verify the correspondence between the inclusion of regions in macroregions and the distribution of promising economic specializations by regions. The initial data are taken from the “Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2025”. The theoretical basis of the study was the concept of “economic convergence.” According to the initial hypothesis, the boundaries of macro-regions reflect the distribution of promising specializations by regions in the case of relative convergence of Russian regions into twelve clubs (macro-regions). To test the hypothesis, the idea of contrasting and blurry (fuzzy) boundaries of regions is formulated. A quantitative measure of the difference between the two regions by a combination of promising economic specializations is proposed. To confirm the club convergence hypothesis, it is necessary that the interregional boundaries along the perimeter of macro-regions be contrasted, and within the macro-regions – blurred. Calculations showed that most of the inter-regional borders are blurred, and contrasting borders are more common within macroregions than along their perimeter. Therefore, the initial hypothesis was recognized as erroneous and an alternative hypothesis was adopted when the union of regions into groups according to a combination of promising economic specializations does not correspond to the union of regions into macro-regions. The results can be used to adjust the spatial development strategy. It is proposed to take into account Russias transition to the digital economy and the introduction of artificial intelligence systems in determining promising specializations.
Human Resources as a Determinant of Ensuring the Competitiveness of the National Economy in the World Market
Authors:   Donetsk National University, Shilets Elena
Published: December 2020

In modern conditions of world economic relations, the key factor ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy in the world arena is labor resources. The potential and sustainable growth of enterprises directly depend on the development of the human capital, the level of its education, qualifications and mobility. The article examines the levels and spheres of human resources manifestation, and the directions that form the necessary degree of development of the companys competitive advantages. It has been determined that international competitiveness directly depends on the effectiveness of the business strategy, first of all, at the level of the enterprise itself, the management of which must form the staff based on its strategic goals so that the alignment of human talent and the market takes place in time. A conceptual scheme for ensuring the international competitiveness of the national economy based on the development of human resources has been developed, which includes a group of factors that must be taken into account in strategic and tactical planning. At the same time, effective planning of the personnel potential should be based on the key capabilities of the organization in accordance with the business strategy, motivation and development of personnel, its possible operational relocation, as well as ensuring the sustainability of the organization in terms of personnel.
Emotional Voting, Racial Animus and Economic Anxiety in the 2016 Presidential Election
Authors: Fahey James J. , Johns Tracy L. , Goodman J. Robyn , Morris Jon D. , Scicchitano Michael J.
Published: December 2020

In the wake of Donald Trump’s presidential election victory, several competing theories were offered purporting to explain Trump’s appeal to American voters. These included arguments that Trump voters were more prone to hold authoritarian tendencies (Choma 2017); that Trump’s mostly “white working class” voters felt left behind in an increasingly globalized economy; or that Trump voters were attracted to the candidate’s racialized and sexist language (Schaffner et. al 2017). This paper utilizes data from AdSAM, an emotional response survey system, to measure the emotive responses of likely voters toward candidates in the 2016 election. The survey also measured emotional responses towards issues including abortion, immigration, the economy, and the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement. The results suggest that the strongest predictors for voting for Trump were negative feelings towards the economy and negative responses to the BLM movement, and emphasizes emotional, rather than cognitive responses as explaining support for Trump.
Topkapı Sarayında Ak Hadımlardan Oluşan Babüssaade Teşkilatı ve Kurumun Son Güçlü Temsilcisi: Kapı Ağası Gazanfer Ağa
Authors: DİKER Sevgi Ağca
Published: December 2020

Saray teşkilatı denilince akla hemen Enderun geliyorsa da Enderun’dan da önce var

olan teşkilat Babüssaade teşkilatıdır. Babüssaade ağalarının tamamı beyaz tenli hadım

ağalardan oluştuğu için ak ağalar olarak da isimlendirilen bu ağaların saraydaki görev

süreleri de Enderunlular’dan çok daha uzundur. Kurumun amiri Babüssaade ağası/Kapı

ağasına tüm kaynaklarda rastlanmakla birlikte teşkilatla ilgili detaylı bilgiye ulaşmak

mümkün olamamaktadır. Belki de teşkilatı oluşturan ağaların ak hadımlardan oluşması

her dönemde sansürlenmesine sebep olmuştur. Kroniklerin sarayla ilgili konulara

değinmekten çekindiği herkesin malumudur. Kapı ağalarının Eski Saray, Edirne Sarayı,

Galata Sarayı, İbrahim Paşa Sarayı, Enderun ve Harem-i Hümayun’un amirliği yanında

devlet içindeki tartışılmaz güçleri onlarla ilgili bilgi vermeyi tehlikeli kılmış da olabilir.
İngiltere ve Kaşgar Devleti İlişkileri (1870-1874)
Authors: ÖZER Meryem
Published: December 2020

1865 yılında Doğu Türkistan’a gelerek Kaşgar’a hâkim olan Yakub Beg devletini

kurduktan kısa bir süre sonra İngiltere ve Rusya’nın ilgi alanlarına girmiştir. Kaşgar Devleti’ne

karşı Rusya menfi bir tutum izlemiş; bölgedeki ticari çıkarlarını zedelenmesinden

korkmuş ve işgal ettiği Batı Türkistan’daki Türk Hanlıklarına kötü örnek olacağı endişesine

kapılmıştır. İngiltere de Kaşgar Devleti’ne olumlu yaklaşarak; onun ticari olanaklarından

faydalanmak istemiş, Hindistan’ı korumak için Rusya ile aralarında tampon bir

devlet olarak düşünmüştür. Yakub Beg ise özellikle Rusların tehdidine karşı İngiltere’yi

koz olarak kullanıp varlığını korumaya çalışmıştır. Bu makalede Yakub Beg’in 1870-

1874 yılları arasında İngiltere’yle kurduğu diplomatik ilişkiler ele alınmış, bu ilişkilerin

Kaşgar devleti açısından etkisi irdelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Payitaht’ın Avrupalısı Beyoğlu’nda İdareci Olmak: Mutasarrıf Bahri Paşa’nın Zor Günleri
Authors: ÖZTEL Muharrem
Published: December 2020

Payitaht içinde Beyoğlu’nu diğer idari bölgelerinden ayıran, özellikle 19.yüzyılın

ikinci yarısında tebarüz eden, kendine has özellikleri vardır. Burası çeşitli devletlere ait

sefaretlerin bulunduğu merkezdir. Paranın tedavül miktarı ve hızının hayli yüksek olduğu

sarrafları, bankerleri ve tüccarlarıyla bir ticaret merkezi olan kadim Galata buradadır. Birçok

milletten yabancının, levantenin, Osmanlı tebaası gayrimüslim nüfusun yoğunlaştığı,

çalışıp ikamet ettiği çok kültürlü yapısıyla öne çıkan bir bölgedir. Ayrıca bu dönemde

başkentte güvenlik sorununun en yoğun yaşandığı, nitelik ve nicelik bakımından suçların

en fazla kayda geçtiği yerdir.

Beyoğlu’nu farklı kılan bütün bu özellikler nedeniyle burada görevlendirilecek mülkî

amirler ve memurlar hassasiyetle seçilmiştir. Bu anlamda muavin, vekâleten ve asaleten

olmak üzere dokuz yılı bulan uzunca bir süre burada görev yapmış olan Bahri Paşa Saray

ve Bâbıâli nezdinde başarılı bir idarecidir. Nitekim farklı yıllarda değişik derecelerde

nişanlarla taltif edilmiştir. Ancak Beyoğlu mutasarrıfı Bahri Paşa’nın bulunduğu mevki

nedeniyle dostu olduğu kadar düşmanı da çoktur. Burada en yüksek mülki amir iken zor günler geçirmesine neden olan kalpazanlıkla itham edilmiştir. Azledilerek tutuklanmış

ve yargılanmıştır. Azil şekli ve tutuklanması, aleyhinde yapılan sevinç gösterileri gibi

meydana gelen olaylar Sultan Abdülhamid’in tepkisine neden olmuştur. Bu süreçte yaşananlar

iktidar çevresinde ve kamuoyu nezdinde etkili, nüfuz sahibi bazı güç odaklarının

varlığına işaret etmektedir.
Irak Selçuklu, Abbâsî Hilâfeti ve Büyük Selçuklu Üçgeninde Kudretli Hille Emîri: Dübeys B. Sadaka
Authors: TAN Pınar Kaya
Published: December 2020

Sultan Sencer’in (512-552/1119-1157), Sâve Savaşı’ndan sonra Büyük Sultan

sıfatıyla topraklarının batısını yeğeni Mahmûd b. Muhammed Tapar’ın idâresine

bırakmasıyla Selçukluların yeni bir kolu Irak Selçuklu Devleti kurulmuştur. Bununla

birlikte tesis edilen yeni devlet içinde sultan ve melikler arasında taht mücadelelerinin

güçlü emîr ve atabeglerin etkisiyle mütemadiyen devam ettiği görülmektedir. Hille Emîri

Seyfüddevle Sadaka b. Mezyed’in oğlu olan Dübeys b. Sadaka (ö. 529/1135), Büyük

Selçuklu Sultanı Muhammed Tapar’ın (498-511/1105-1118) vefatından sonra Mezyedî

Ailesi’nin hüküm sürdüğü Hille ve civarında hâkimiyetini tesis etmeyi başarmıştır. Irak

Selçuklu Devleti’nin içinde bulunduğu durumu yakından takip eden Dübeys b. Sadaka,

Sultan Mahmûd b. Muhammed Tapar döneminde (511-525/1118-1131) gerçekleşen

şehzade isyanlarını körükleyerek nüfuzunu, hâkimiyet sahasını genişletmeye çaba sarf

etmiştir. Ayrıca onun, babasının ölümünden dolayı sorumlu tuttuğu Abbâsîlere ve Selçuklulara

karşı düşmanlığını gizlemediği görülmektedir. Dübeys b. Sadaka, emîrliğini

ayakta tutabilmek için bölgede etkisi olan askerî güce sahip pek çok kumandanla, Arap

topluluklarıyla hatta Haçlılarla dahi ittifak kurmaktan çekinmemiştir. Abbâsî Hilâfeti ve

Irak Selçuklu Devleti topraklarını Hille’deki emîrliğine mensup olanlarla birlikte her

bulduğu fırsatta yağmalamış, ağır tahribatlarda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma Irak Selçuklu

Sultanı Mahmûd b. Muhammed Tapar döneminde Dübeys b. Sadaka’nın oldukça yoğun

olan faaliyetlerini, Irak Selçukluları, Abbâsîler ve Büyük Selçuklular ile münasebetlerini

kaynakların verdiği bilgiler ışığında ele almaktadır.
Şiddet, “Kötülüğün Sıradanlığı” ve “Seyirci Etkisi” Bağlamında Hasan Ali Toptaş’ın Beni Kör Kuyularda Romanı
Authors: ENSER R. Kandemir
Published: December 2020

Hannah Arendt’e göre 20. yüzyılın en önemli kavramlarından biri olan şiddet, özellikle

araçsal özelliğiyle totaliter rejimlerin, toplumu tasarımlamak için en sık başvurduğu

yöntemlerden biri olmuştur. Toplumun sıradan fertlerinin şiddet uygulayıcıları haline gelmeleri

ve yaptıkları eylemler hakkında hiçbir fikre sahip olmamalarını ise Arendt, “kötülüğün

sıradanlığı” olarak tarif etmiştir. Şiddet sadece totaliter hareketler bağlamında

değil, günümüz insan ilişkilerinde de sıkça başvurulan bir araç haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada

Hasan Ali Toptaş’ın Beni Kör Kuyularda romanı şiddet ve kötülüğün sıradanlığı

açısından ele alınacak ve romanda şiddet ve kötülüğün sıradanlığı ile köyden kente göç

edince geleneksel insan ilişkilerini terk eden fakat gerekli düşünselliğe sahip olmadığı

için sorunlu bir bireysellik geliştiren, kentlileşmeye çalışan bu yeni insan tipi arasındaki

ilgi incelenecektir.
Matematiğin Rum Eğitimine Dahil Edilmesi (1800-1840): Kişisel Girişimlerden Kurumsallaşmaya
Authors: KASTANİS Iason , KASTANİS Nikos
Published: December 2020

19. yüzyıl başlarında birtakım Rum cemaatleri matematik alanında göz kamaştırıcı

bir eğitim öğretim geliştirdiler. Bu eğitimin ana konusu, bazı öğretmenler Prusya’nın matematik

kaynaklarını tercih etmelerine karşın ağırlıklı olarak Fransızca ders kitaplarından

şekillendirildi.

Lakin bu çabalar o dönemin Ortodoks kilisesinin dinî tutuculuğu tarafından engellendi,

ki kilise bir Rum matematik anlatım metodunun ortaya çıkmasını tercih etmemekteydi.

Sonuç olarak matematiksel bilginin dışarıdan içeriye aktarımı parçalı ve gelişigüzel

bir süreçti; bir bütünlükten, uyumdan ve geçişlilikten yoksundu.

Bu durum 1820’ler ve 1830’larda kökten bir şekilde değişti. Korfu’da 1824’te kurulan

İonya Akademisi ile Nafplio’da 1828’de kurulan Military School (Askeri Okul) bir

Rum eğitimi için ilk kurumsal çerçeveyi yarattılar. Bu eğitim kurumlarında Rum matematik

anlatım metodunun temeli olarak İhtilal sonrası Fransız matematiği tesis edildi.

Rum matematik eğitiminin Fransız kaynaklı arka planı, 1837 sonrasında orta öğretimin

kurumsallaştırılması ve 1836-1837’de Atina Üniversitesi’nin kurulmasını müteakiben daha

da güçlendirildi. Aynı zamanda Rum matematiksel anlatım metodunun içerisine Fransız etkisi

zerk edilirken bir yandan da önemli bazı Prusya ders kitaplarının çevrilmesi teşvik edildi.

19. yüzyılın ilk yarısı o dönemin epistemolojik eğilimlerinin, örneğin analitik model,

Fransız matematikçilerinde hakim olan pozitivizm, Prusya matematiğinin tümleşik “paradigmasının”

Rum matematik eğitiminin tarihsel oluşumuna aktarılmasına şahit oldu.
Çocuklar İçin Tefsir Yazımı
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Hikmet
Published: December 2020

Yirminci yüzyılda çocuk önemli bir muhatap haline gelmiştir. Çocuk Eğitimi, Çocuk

Psikolojisi ve Çocuk Edebiyatı başta olmak üzere doğrudan çocuklara yönelen disiplinler

oluşmuştur. Türkiye’de çocuklara yönelik dinî yayınlar 2000’li yıllardan sonra artış kaydetmiştir.

Çocuklar için Siyer, Hadis, Akaid, Peygamber kıssaları ve İlmihal bilgileriyle

ilgili çeşitli kitaplar kaleme alınmıştır. Tefsir sahasında ise çocuklar için yazılmış eser

sayısı yok denecek kadar azdır. Bunun sebeplerinden birisi tefsir akademisinin çocuklara

yönelik tefsir yazımına henüz eğilmemesidir. Bir başka sebep tefsirin daha ziyade

yetişkinlere yönelik bir ilim olarak algılanmasıdır. İşte biz bu makalede çocuklar için

yazılacak tefsirin özelliklerini belirtmeye ve örnek kabilinden İhlâs sûresi’nin tefsirini

ele almaya çalıştık. Bu vesileyle çocuklar için tefsir yazmanın gereğine dikkatleri çekmek

istedik.
A Different Approach to Nurse Scheduling Problem: Lagrangian Relaxation
Authors: ÖZTÜRKOĞLU Yücel
Published: December 2020

The problem of nurse scheduling is categorized in a Np-Hard complexity as it is inherently composed of many limitations and assumptions. As the number of nurses and the number of days increase, finding the solution of the problem becomes quite difficult. Therefore, this paper propose both an integer-programming model and a Lagrangian relaxation approach for solving nurse-scheduling problem. Numerical results show that while the developed mathematical model works on small-scale problems, Lagrangian relaxation method finds better results for large scale scheduling problem with much smaller duality gap in a reasonable computational time.
An Integrated Fuzzy DEMATEL and Intuitionistic Fuzzy TOPSIS Method to Evaluate Sustainable Supplier Performance
Authors: KABADAYI Nihan
Published: December 2020

Sustainability has gained more attention in an attempt to avoid unwanted results in the business environment since its main objective is to minimize the negative impact on the economy, society, and the environment. A supplier relationship is one of the critical concepts in sustainable supply chain management. Companies ought to measure their supplier’s performance in terms of sustainability. This study aims to suggest an efficient alternative integrated Multi-Criteria-Decision-Making (MCDM) method in order to evaluate sustainable supplier performance. In this method, an integrated Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (IF-TOPSIS) method is proposed to evaluate sustainable supplier performance. A case study is conducted in a Turkish chemical company operating in the FMCG industry.
Aspectos ecossocioeconômicos do agronegócio ao sul da Amazônia Legal
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Bahia, UFBA, Moi Paula , Ribeiro Alexandro , Zavala Arturo , Moi Gisele
Published: December 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a distribuição espacial conjunta do nível de especialização agropecuária, entre 2005 a 2014, e explorar possíveis associações com aspectos ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Sendo assim, foi possível analisar se a especialização do setor agropecuário no Estado de Mato Grosso - maior produtor e exportador de commodities brasileiro e localizado ao sul da Amazônia Legal - está associada a uma economia sustentável. Para isso, foi utilizada uma abordagem econométrica espacial compreendendo: quociente locacional (QLargo), Índice de Moran I e análise de regressão múltipla espacial. Constatou-se que o agronegócio mato-grossense é sustentado por um modelo agroquímico-dependente consolidado que desfavorece a ecossocioeconomia da especialização agropecuária, atividade esta que afeta o bem-estar social e o meio ambiente.
Reduzindo custos de sistemas preventivos de descargas atmosféricas por otimização locacional
Authors:   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Administração, Libório Matheus , Maia Willian , Martins Carlos , Ekel Petr , Laudares Sandro , Bernardes Patrícia
Published: December 2020

The installation of lightning detection sensor systems involves a large volume of resources. However, the absence of these systems can lead to irreparable damage, such as the death of a person. How to reduce the costs of implementing these systems to protect workers and citizens or even public and private equipment? Usually, this problem is not solved on a formal level, but based on the intuition of the involved specialists, without applying optimization techniques. Taking this into account, this research explores the theoretical structure of locational optimization methods to propose a simplified heuristic method that does not require any programming skills for its application. Specifically, its use directly demonstrated by reducing costs of preventive lightning systems in an area containing 41 mines. All mines must be covered by the sensor system which has a coverage radius of 10 km. The experimental results demonstrate that the application of this method generates more effective results than those obtained using known methods of locational optimization. The method proposed in this research contributes directly to reduce costs of preventive lightning systems and indirectly to protect workers in mining areas as well as to protect populations in urban areas where the frequency and incidence of lightning is especially high.
Avaliação da influência do tempo de combustão na determinação do carbono orgânico do solo em dois tipos de floresta perenifólia
Authors:   Departamento de Geografia e Turismo, Duarte Paulino , Figueiredo Albano , Nunes Adélia
Published: December 2020

O problema das mudanças climáticas associadas ao aquecimento global promoveu a necessidade de identificação e implementação de medidas de mitigação e adaptação, com o objetivo de reduzir os impactes potenciais. No âmbito destas medidas, a redução de emissões de gases com efeito de estufa tem sido uma das medidas propostas mais recorrentes. No caso do dióxido de carbono, além da redução das emissões, têm ainda sido propostas medidas que visam o aumento da capacidade do seu sequestro no solo. Neste contexto, diferentes trabalhos têm avaliado a concentração de carbono orgânico em diferentes condições edáficas e uso do solo, tendo por referência diferentes aproximações metodológicas. Nos estudos em que foi utilizado o método da combustão, diferentes parâmetros foram usados ao nível da duração e temperatura da combustão, o que não contribui para a possibilidade de uma comparação clara entre resultados. Este trabalho procura avaliar se o tempo de combustão interfere de forma significativa nos resultados obtidos para diferentes tipos de solo considerando dois tipos de floresta perenifólia. Para este estudo foram recolhidas amostras a diferentes profundidades em perfil de solo de pinhais e eucaliptais em diferentes substratos. Cada amostra de solo foi sujeita a diferentes tempos de combustão e foi avaliada a existência, ou não, de diferenças significativas. Os resultados obtidos não apresentam diferenças significativas considerando os diferentes tempos de combustão em cada amostra, apesar de existirem diferenças muito significativas em termos de matéria orgânica nas diferentes amostras.
СИСТЕМА ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ СЕМЕЙНОГО НАСИЛИЯ ГЛАЗАМИ ЭКСПЕРТОВ: АНАЛИЗ АВТОРСКОГО СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Authors: Ростовская Тамара Керимовна , Писклакова-Паркер Марина Петровна , Безвербная Наталья Александровна
Published: December 2020

Цель настоящего исследования – изучение существующей системы профилактики и реагирования на проблему семейного насилия на региональном уровне.

Методология исследования. Авторы статьи исходили из тезиса о том, что методы качественных исследований, такие как фокус-группы и глубинные интервью, могут быть очень полезны при формировании полной картины понимания феномена семейного насилия, а также для планирования дальнейших программ профилактики распространения насилия во всех формах.

Результаты исследования. На основе проведенного экспертного опроса специалистов, профессиональная деятельность которых связана с проблемой семейного насилия, авторами дана оценка эффективности мер профилактики семейного насилия в субъектах Российской Федерации. Гайд интервью включал несколько блоков, состоящих из оценки текущего состояния проблемы домашнего насилия на региональном уровне; роста насилия во время ограничительных мер, связанных с пандемией COVID-19; оценки общего состояния системы профилактики семейного насилия и в России, и в регионе, в котором работает эксперт, с точки зрения эффективности, а также важные для исследования кейсы.