bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
景德镇陶瓷出口研究
Authors: 史 述礼 , 王 生喜
Published: May 2021

瓷器是中国的伟大发明之一，景德镇所产陶瓷声誉响彻全球。在中国古代景德镇是皇家瓷器和民窑瓷器的重要生产地。虽然景德镇制瓷历史悠长，制瓷技术历经千年锤炼，但是在经济全球化、世界经济迅速成长的当下，中国其他地区的陶瓷产业规模渐渐扩大并有所名气，景德镇也似乎不再独树一帜，瓷都的地位也被逐渐替代。本文首先简介陶瓷和陶瓷的分类，其次对景德镇陶瓷生产、出口市场、出口规模、出口品种等进行数据分析，并罗列景德镇陶瓷出口的发展现状、发展特点和优势，接着阐述陶瓷出口所面临的挑战，并与我国广东潮州的陶瓷产业及出口进行横向对比，最后对景德镇陶瓷在当前社会发展背景与竞争者不断增多的情况下，提出重振瓷都辉煌的建议，以期增强陶瓷出口对当地经济的带动作用。
金砖背景下中国旅游服务贸易国际竞争力的影响因素研究
Authors: 侯 慧芳 , 许 露
Published: May 2021

服务贸易是全球经济贸易增长的重要引擎，也是金砖国家未来合作中的重要领域。本文介绍了金砖五国的旅游服务贸易发展概况，并结合IMS、TC、RCA和CA指数，对国际竞争力的综合指数做出整体分析，得到中国的旅游服务贸易国际竞争力在金砖五国中的综合排名结果；然后以波特钻石模型为理论基础，选取中国1998~2019年的数据，利用格兰杰因果关系检验分析，得出人均GDP、国内旅游收入和星级饭店数量对中国的旅游服务贸易国际竞争力影响最为显著；即国家经济实力的提高，旅游服务贸易的需求拉动以及旅游相关支持性产业的发展，都会刺激中国旅游服务贸易国际竞争力的提升。本文以此提出相应的政策发展方向，以期为中国旅游服务贸易的转型升级提供可供参考的建议。
共享出行平台之女性视角感知风险与选乘意愿影响探究
Authors: 王 静
Published: May 2021

随着交通运输新业态不断涌现及发展，共享出行平台日渐增加。由于女性特殊的心理与生理特征，感知风险已经成为女性消费者对网约车选乘意愿的一项重要参考要素。本研究基于网约车女性消费者视角，发放问卷并回收有效问卷252份，运用 SPSS 25.0 进行数据分析，并通过模型相关验证来研究感知风险对网约车选乘意愿之间的关系。研究得出感知风险的五个维度心理风险、时间风险、经济风险、服务风险和隐私风险与购买意愿呈显著的负相关关系，并在此基础上提出相关建议。
网红经济下“直播+电商”模式创新发展研究
Authors: 周 功建
Published: May 2021

随着网络直播和电商平台的发展，一方面，以网络红人为核心的网红经济模式不断发展完善，使低成本的流量变现成为可能；另一方面，在传统电商流量成本日益高昂且GMV转化率普遍不高的情况下，低成本低门槛的“直播+电商”模式却拥有超高的GMV转化率。本文针对网红经济下“直播+电商”模式及其发展优势和面临的问题进行了全面分析，并为其可持续发展提出了具体的创新策略。
中国省域展览业参展结构与地区生产总值的相关性分析
Authors: 柯 郁馨
Published: May 2021

中国展览业发展基于区域经济发展的空间分布特征，显示出展览业与区域经济的空间相关与溢出效应，并由省域层面展览业的部门结构特征展现出区域专业化水平。本研究从行业分布视角，以2019年会展行业数据的比较，揭示中国省域展览业的行业结构特征及其空间差异化格局，并以行业集中分布指数、区位熵指数与地区相对专业化指数，描绘中国省域展览业行业部门分布集中程度；结果发现当前中国省域展览业行业部门分布集中程度差异明显。中西部地带行业部门结构明显优于东部；全国展览业在不同行业部门的区位熵呈现递增规律，省域展览业在不同行业部门与地区的专业化程度存在明显差异，而地区生产总值与展览业行业部门分布集中程度的相关性亦大不相同，优化行业部门结构及其空间布局以推动会展内涵，需依据区域传统产业模式才能确实发挥展览优势。
BUDAYA KERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DALAM RANGKA GOOD GOVERNANCE MENUJU BIROKRASI BERKELAS DUNIA
Authors: Supratman Dindin
Published: May 2021

Budaya kerja adalah wujud dari upaya membangun good governance yaitu suatu penyelengaraanmanajemen pembangunan yang solid dan bertanggung jawab yang sejalan dengan prinsip demokrasi danpasar yang efisien, penghindaran salah alokasi dana investasi dan pencegahan korupsi baik secarapolitik maupun secara administratif, menjalankan disiplin anggaran serta penciptaan legal dan politicanframework bagi tumbuhnya aktifitas kerja. Good governance pada dasarnya adalah suatu konsep yangmengacu kepada proses pencapaian keputusan dan pelaksanaannya yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkansecara bersama. Sebagai suatu konsensus yang dicapai oleh pemerintah, warga negara, dan sektor swastabagi penyelenggaraan pemerintahaan dalam suatu negara. Aparatur Sipil Negara berkelas duniasetidaknya memiliki lima kriteri, yakni profesional, integritas, orientasi kepublikan, budaya pelayananyang tinggi, serta memiliki wawasan global.
PENGUATAN KODE ETIK ORGANISASI DALAM MEWUJUDKAN NETRALITAS ASN
Authors: Wahyuni Tri , Noor Permadi Ricky
Published: May 2021

Netralitas merupakan modal penting bagi Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) selaku penyelenggara pemerintahan.Namun demikian, tidak mudah mewujudkan asas yang bernama netralitas. Ada beberapa faktoryang meyebabkan para ASN susah untuk bersikap netral. Pertama, jumlah ASN yang masif. Kedua,pemahaman ASN yang baik atas kebijakan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan. Ketiga, adanya kewenanganyang dimiliki oleh ASN. Berbagai peraturan mengenai netralitas ASN sudah ditetapkan. Dengan berbagairegulasi yang telah diterbitkan, seharusnya dapat mereduksi berbagai potensi perilaku ASN yang tidaknetral dalam menjalankan perannya. Namun sayangnya, Pilkada serentak di tahun 2015 yang merupakanmomentum pilkada serentak pertama kali memberikan bukti bahwa pelanggaran atas netralitas ASNbanyak ditemukan. Berlanjut hingga di pelaksanaan Pilkada Serentak Tahun 2018.Fungsi kontrol organisasi dalam persoalan netralitas sangat diperlukan. Untuk mewujudkannya dapatdilakukan melalui penyusunan instrumen regulasi organisasi bernama kode etik. Adapun metode yangdigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Temuan-temuan dalam penelitian ini adalahbeberapa pelanggaran atas netralitas serta kebijakan terkait pelaksanaan kode etik di beberapa organisasipemerintah. Sementara Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan terhadap berbagaiperaturan perundangan, dokumen kerja pemerintahan daerah, serta tulisan dari media massa. Denganmenggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mencoba memberikan gambaran atas hasil Analisisterhadap upaya mewujudkan netralitas ASN melalui upaya penguatan kode etik.
PENGARUH KEDISIPLINAN KERJA DAN TUNJANGAN TAMBAHAN PENGHASILAN TERHADAP KOMITMEN APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DI LINGKUP SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Arham Muis
Published: May 2021

Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 telah mengatur sanksi atas pelanggaran kedisiplinan kerja. Meski telah ada sanksi yang mengatur namun penegakan disiplin kerja di Kabupaten Gowa masih belum maksimal. Sejalan dengan penegakan disiplin kerja, di awal tahun 2018 Pemerintah Kabupaten Gowa memberikan reward dalam bentuk tunjangan tambahan penghasilan. Tujuannya tidak lain agar pegawai mampu mendedikasikan dirinya pada organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kedisiplinan kerja dan tunjangan tambahan penghasilan terhadap komitmen Aparat Sipil Negara di lingkup Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Gowa. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dengan sekunder dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, angket (kuesioner), wawancara, dan analisa dokumentasi. Populasi yang dijadikan sebagai target penelitian ini adalah pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan kedisiplinan kerja dan tunjangan tambahan penghasilan terhadap komitmen Aparat Sipil Negara di lingkup Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Gowa sejumlah 91 orang, dan seluruhnya menjadi responden dengan menggunakan model analisis regresi linear Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedisiplinan kerja dan tunjangan tambahan penghasilan berpengaruh terhadap komitmen aparatur sipil negara di lingkup Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Gowa. Besar pengaruh kedisiplinan kerja terhadap komitmen aparatur sipil negara sebesar 10,5 persen, sementara pengaruh tunjangan tambahan penghasilan terhadap komitmen aparatur sipil negara sebesar 21,3 persen.
ISU SOSIAL PASCABENCANA ALAM: STUDI KASUS PENJARAHAN DI KOTA PALU MELALUI PENDEKATAN PINHEIRO PRINCIPLES DAN PSIKOLOGI SOSIAL
Authors: Milawaty
Published: May 2021

Pada 27 September 2018, Sulawesi Tengah tertimpa bencana alam gempa bumi, tsunami, dan likuifaksi. Bencana tersebut mendorong munculnya kekacauan berupa penjarahan massal yang berpusat di Kota Palu pada 29 September hingga 7 Oktober 2018. Penelitian ini  mencoba melihat lebih jauh penjarahan yang terjadi pascabencana alam di Kota Palu dari sudut pandang Pinheiro Principles dan pendekatan psikologi sosial. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis motif penjarahan pascabencana alam di Kota Palu, dan meninjau upaya-upaya yang telah dilakukan pemerintah dalam mengatasi penjarahan yang terjadi. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang kemudian dianalisis dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Potret penjarahan dianalisis melalui pendekatan psikologi sosial, sementara peran pemerintah mengatasi penjarahan ditinjau berdasarkan Pinheiro Principles pada masa tanggap darurat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif penjarahan di Kota Palu pascabencana secara garis besar didasarkan pada dua hal, yaitu drives dan incentives. Drives didorong oleh timbulnya keinginan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan, sementara incentives dipengaruhi oleh kondisi dan situasi tertentu dan menjadi penguat melakukan penjarahan. Upaya yang telah dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi penjarahan yang terjadi pascabencana alam pada 27 September 2018 di Kota Palu dilakukan dalam dua bentuk sesuai UU Nomor 24 tahun 2007 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana, yaitu penjaminan pemenuhan hak masyarakat, dan perlindungan masyarakat dari dampak bencana.
Factors Causing Claims on Perintis Airport Construction Project
Authors: . Irmanzah , Widyaningsi Nunung , Kusumo Bintoro Bambang Purwoko
Published: May 2021

Kabir Airport in Alor Regency is the second entrance to Alor Regency after Mali Airport, it is expected that there will be an increase in the economy. The airport is currently under construction and the construction plan for 2019 is completed. With the development of both existing facilities and infrastructure is expected to facilitate the flow of passengers, goods and services to enter Pantar Island, so as to increase regional income. The work of Airport Infrastructure Implementation on Kabir Island is divided into several parts of the infrastructure, namely facilities including the air side area (runway, apron), land side area (passenger terminal, parking area, hangar, tower, etc.). The implementation of Kabir airport applies the thematic "Eco Friendly" approach. Because through this approach, in addition to awareness of environmental sustainability, it also influences the object of implementation, using an Eco Friendly theme approach.

Keywords: Airport, Air Transportation, Eco Friendly, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KOMPRES HANGAT TERHADAP PENURUNAN INTENSITAS NYERI PERSALINAN KALA I FASE AKTIF
Authors:   Politeknik Yakpermas Banyumas, Soeparno Winda Setianingsih , Sulistyowati Sulistyowati ,   Politeknik Yakpermas Banyumas, Ajiningtyas Eko ,   Politeknik Yakpermas Banyumas
Published: May 2021

Kompres hangat sangat mudah dilakukan sehingga perawat dapat memberdayakan keluarga atau pendamping persalinan dalam usaha pemenuhan kenyamanan (bebas nyeri) pada ibu selama proses persalinan,efek dari pemberian kompres hangat ini akan terjadi pelebaran pembuluh darah sehingga meningkatkan aliran darah ke bagian nyeri yang dirasakan oleh ibu pada saat ibu bersalin, menurunkan ketegangan otot, mengurangi nyeri akibat spasme atau kekakuan otot. Pengurangan rasa nyeri pada fundus (perut) atau punggung bawah dapat di kurangi dengan dilakukannya kompres hangat dan meletakkan pada daerah nyeri seperti daerah fundus (perut) atau daerah punggung bawah, keunggulan kompres hangat dibandingkan dengan metode pengurangan rasa nyeri lainnya adalah metode ini dapat dilakukan tanpa harus memiliki keahlian yang secara khusus.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompres hangat terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri persalinan kala 1 fase aktif, untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat nyeri sebelum dan sesudah diberikan kompres hangat, dan untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah penurunan terhadap nyeri. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan, waktu 28 Januari 2020 sampai 02 Juli 2020, sumber data 2 jurnal 1 buku, metode pengumpulan data dokumentasi, metode analisis deskriptif, organize, synthesize, identity.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh pemberian kompres hangat terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri persalinan kala 1 fase aktif pada skala nyeri sedang-berat.Sebelum dilakukan pemberian kompres hangat tingkat nyeri ibu bersalin antara nyeri sedang-berat dan setelah dilakukan pemberian kompres hangat selama 15-20 menit intensitas nyeri ibu bersalin menjadi ringan-sedang.
L’incidence des Changements Règlementaires sur la Performance des Banques Commerciales Algeriennes
Authors: GHOUILA Loubna , JILANI Faouzi
Published: May 2021

L'objectif de cette étude est d'évaluer dans quelle mesure la libéralisation financière peut apporter un avantage en termes d'amélioration la performance des banques commerciales en Algérie. L'analyse a porté sur un échantillon de 17 banques commerciales sur une période de quatorze ans (2000-2013).  Nous avons utilisé les principaux changements réglementaires qui ont marqué le processus de libéralisation financière en Algérie à partir de l’année 2000. Chaque variable (Dummy) correspond à la date de survenance de la réforme.  Pour déterminer l'incidence des changements réglementaires sur la performance financière des banques algériennes, nous avons régressé des variables de rentabilité : ROA et NIM sur des variables de changement réglementaire ainsi que d'autres variables spécifiques aux banques et des variables macroéconomiques. Les résultats de notre analyse suggèrent que les changements réglementaires qui dotent les banques algériennes d’un environnement plus libéral dans l'exercice du métier bancaire ont affiché de pouvoir explicatif de la performance bancaire.
Les Services Financiers au Maroc – Une Industrie Confrontée à des Risques Excessifs
Authors: Abnaha Jamal , Errami Fadwa
Published: May 2021

Les services financiers (FS) sont un secteur très important pour Oxial. Certains de nos premiers clients étaient des sociétés de services financiers, nous travaillons actuellement avec des sociétés de services financiers dans le monde entier et c’est un secteur dans lequel nous avons une grande expérience et des connaissances approfondies. les services financiers sont devenus plus fortement réglementés que jamais, à la fois au niveau local et mondial, et le secteur est également confronté à plus de risques qu’auparavant. Les services financiers sont plus réglementés que jamais, tant au niveau local que mondial, et le secteur est confronté à des risques plus importants que par le passé. Cela signifie que les prestataires de services financiers doivent être encore plus vigilants en ce qui concerne la gestion et l’atténuation des risques, et qu’ils doivent mettre en place les outils de GRC appropriés pour les aider dans cette tâche et veiller à ce qu’ils restent conformes. Ils disposent de plus de ressources, de personnel et d’accès aux dernières solutions logicielles de GRC. Le Maroc, premier pays non européen où Oxial a ouvert un bureau, est un pays où les services financiers sont plus prospères que dans la plupart des autres pays d’Afrique, et nous examinons dans quelle mesure le secteur est préparé à gérer et à atténuer les risques.
Comparative Analysis of Capabilities of Different Types of Cone-Beam Tomography in an Experimental Study of Root Canals of Teeth Filled with High-Density Materials (part 2)
Authors: Vasil'ev A. Yu. , Petrovskaya V. V. , Nichipor E. A. , Alpatova V. G. , Potrakhov N. N. , Bessonov V. B. , Staroverov N. E. , Kiselnikova L. P. , Shevchenko M. A. , Belozerova N. N. , Belozerov M. M.
Published: May 2021

During the course of this experimental study tomograms of extracted teeth were analyzed before and after filling the root canals with an endodontic material and fragments of broken metal instruments for root canal treatment. During the first stage of the experiment, untreated extracted teeth were scanned using conebeam computed tomography and microfocus cone-beam computed tomography. A comparative assessment of capabilities of the two methods of cone-beam computed tomography based on examination of untreated root canals was carried out. The second part of the study is dedicated to visualization of root canals that contain foreign high-density materials.
MRI of the Heart in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Scanning Protocol, Visualization, Clinical Significance (review of the Literature with Own Clinical Observations)
Authors: Shayakhmetova S. V. , Afanasyev A. V. , Bogachev-Prokofiev A. V.
Published: May 2021

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) defined by wall thickness ≥ 15 mm in one or more left ventricular myocardium segments, according to the results of any imaging technique that is not explained solely due to increased pressure load. For decades, echocardiography has been the first-line method in the diagnosis of HCM. This is due to its availability, low cost, and informative content. However, due to the high spatial resolution and volumetric nature of image acquisition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has advantages over other diagnostic techniques. Currently, cardiac MRI is becoming the method of choice in diagnostics and management in patients with HCM. This article presents the possibilities of MR imaging in patients with HCM and demonstrates the typical phenotypes and some morphological characteristics of HCM according to our research protocols conducted on a MR scanner with a 1,5 T magnetic field strength. In addition, the article shows the clinical significance of MRI for the management of patients with HCM.
Awareness of Menstrual Hygiene and Factors Affecting its Practice Among Adolescent Girls in Two Selected Senior Secondary Schools in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: V.U. Ajaegbu , M.I. Okwuikpo , O.F. Famuyigbo , T.A. Leslie , J.O. Maitanmi , B.T. Maitanmi
Published: May 2021

Background: In Africa, menstrual hygiene and its practices are still clouded by taboos and sociocultural restrictions, ignorance and illiteracy so that menstruation is viewed in a base manner, and considered dirty and filthy, which requires the isolation of the woman from some normal daily activities. Thus, menstrual hygiene involves the conditions and activities that promote and preserve health during menstruation. This study assessed the awareness of menstrual hygiene and factors affecting its practice among adolescent girls in two selected senior secondary schools in Ogun state, Nigeria. Method: The study utilized quantitative cross-sectional survey design. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting 150 respondents for the study in the two selected senior secondary schools. Descriptive statistics, correlation and T-test fixed at 0.05 significance level was conducted to give statistical responses to the research hypotheses using SPSS version 21. Result: The result showed that adolescent girls in Babcock University High School (BUHS) and Remo High School (RHS) had advanced knowledge of menstrual hygiene and they had moderate practices of menstrual hygiene, but there were factors like religion and lack of conducive facilities affecting the effective practice among adolescent girls. Furthermore, respondents’ knowledge on menstrual hygiene had no significant positive relationship with practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in private schools and those in public schools (r = .022, p > .01). There was no significant difference between adolescent girls in private and public schools on practice of menstrual hygiene. Conclusion: Adolescent girls in BUHS and RHS had advanced knowledge of menstrual hygiene but moderate menstrual hygiene practices. This may be as a result of factors such as religion and lack of conducive facilities that hinder the effective practice among adolescent girls as identified in the study. Among other recommendations, the school administrations are advised to provide more conducive and appealing facilities for adolescent girls to practise good menstrual hygiene.
Chronomodulated Drug Delivery System of Salmeterol Fluticasone Nlcs Loaded Tablets: Preparation, Characterization, Stability and Drug Release Studies for Management of Asthma
Authors: A Mohammed Waseem , Kurian Ajin P , Y Dhanapal
Published: May 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop salmeterol, fluticasone nano-lipid carriers to estimate as potentials of oral delivery system for poorly water soluble drugs. Nano-lipid carriers applied to chronomodulated pulsatile drug delivery system maintain the concentration level by releasing the drug at predetermined time interval throughout the management of asthma. Method: The particle size analysis revealed that all the formulations were within the nanometer range of 150.0±2.4nm. Percentage of entrapment efficiency and drug loading were found to be 69.5±4.4 - 85.3±1.3 and 9.358±2.2-10.45±8.1, respectively. The SLM-FCN nano-lipid carrier’s optimized formulation showed spherical morphology with smooth surface under the transmission electron microscope (TEM), the crystalline characterization of drug in NLC was investigated by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC). The ex-vivo permeation study showed many folds increment in the SLM-FCN NLCs compared to powder SLM-FCN 96.0±2.55 and pulsing plugs in-vivo drug released effectively in pre-determine time intervals. Conclusion: The progression concludes that chronomodulated programming pulsatile release was achieved with modified pulsing bilayerd plugged of salmeterol, fluticasone propionate NLCs, formulation remarkably improved oral bioavailability. we promise that finding in this investigations suggest practicability of the dosage form system can be taken after at bedtime then it will be delivered in the early morning which maintains the drug concentration throughout to control asthma.
A Smart and Potential approach for Transdermal Drug Delivery using Microneedles: A Review
Authors: Sharma Neha , Sharma Tarun Kumar , Pandit Vinay , Ashawat M. S
Published: May 2021

Transdermal drug delivery system used to transport the drug across the skin deep into systemic circulation. The main advantages of Transdermal drug delivery system improved patient compliance, sustained release, avoidance of gastric irritation, as well as elimination of pre-systemic first-pass effect. But most of therapeutic agents is limited due to thickness of stratum corneum, which act as a barrier for the delivery of various drug molecules and only few molecules are able to reach the action site. Microneedles are the new form of delivery system, which are used to increase the delivery of drug through this route and overcoming the number of problems related to conventional drug delivery system the main aim of this review to focus on new innovation in transdermal drug delivery systems. In the microneedle drug delivery system, the skin is temporarily broken, that creating micron size pathways that deliver the sufficient amount of drug directly into the stratum corneum from which the drug can directly go into the systemic circulation. In this review, we describe different type of microneedles can be solid, coated, dissolving and biodegradable microneedles and their method of fabrication. Microneedles can be manufactured in different forms like hollow, solid, and dissolving. Also describe materials used for fabrication, fabrication techniques, methodology of drug delivery such as Poke and patch, Coat and poke, Poke and release, Poke and flow and evaluation parameters.
Role of Aminated derivatives of Natural Gum in Release Modulating Matrix Systems of Losartan Potassium:
Optimization of Formulation using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Kalbhare Shankar B. , Kumar Redasani Vivek , Bhandwalkar Mandar J. , Pawar Rohit K. , Bhagwat Avinash M.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the present research work was to systemically device a model of factors that would yield an optimized release modulating dosage form of an anti-hypertensive agent, losartan potassium, using response surface methodology by employing a 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken statistical design. Independent variables studied were the amount of the release retardant polymers – aminated fenugreek gum (X1), aminated tamarind gum (X2) and aminated xanthan gum (X3). The dependent variables were the burst release in 15 min (Y1), cumulative percentage release of drug after 60 min (Y2) and hardness (Y3) of the tablets with constraints on the Y2 = 31–35%. Statistical validity of the polynomials was established. In vitro release and swelling studies were carried out for the optimized formulation and the data were fitted to kinetic equations. The polynomial mathematical relationship obtained Y2=32.91-2.29X1-5.68X2-0.97X3+0.20X1X3-0.005X2X3-0.92X12-1.89X22 explained the main and quadratic effects, and the interactions of factors influencing the drug release from matrix tablets. The adjusted (0.9842) and predicted values (0.9600) of r2 for Y2 were in close agreement. Validation of the optimization study indicated high degree of prognostic ability of response surface methodology. The Box-Behnken experimental design facilitated the formulation and optimization of release modulating matrix systems of losartan potassium.
Antioxidant Activity of Cinnamon zeylanicum: (A Review)
Authors: Ashfaq Muhammad Hamza , Siddique Amna , Shahid Sammia
Published: May 2021

Cinnamon zeylanicum is one of the species of cinnamon plant from the family of Lauraceae. It is not only the main ingredient of spices but also exhibits many medicinal properties. Anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-tyrosinase, anti-carcinogenic and anti-mutagenic are some of the activities shown by cinnamon. Radical scavenging and reducing properties of cinnamon are considered as beneficial and important in the field of medicine. Cinnamon zeylanicum consists of a variety of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in different parts of plant. These compounds play major role in antioxidant potential just because of their significant structure and moieties. Cinnamon essential oils are also used for treatment of chronic disorders and it proves to be best alternative to synthetic antioxidants. In present review article we summarized the Cinnamon zeylanicum antioxidant activity by using antioxidant assays, its chemical constituents, its beneficial effects on humans and its applications in various industries as antioxidants.
Pharmacosomes as Drug Delivery System: An Overview
Authors: Gidde Nikita D. , Raut Indrayani D. , Nitalikar Manojkumar M. , Mohite Shrinivas K. , Magdum Chandrakant S.
Published: May 2021

Pharmacosomes are the colloidal dispersions of drugs covalently bound to lipids and can exist, depending on the chemical structure, as ultrafine vesicular, micellar, or hexagonal aggregates. Because of the linking of a drug (pharmakon) to a carrier (soma), they are rightly termed "pharmacosomes."Pharmacosomes can be characterized as a neutral molecule with both positive and negative charges, water-loving and fat-loving characteristics, and in complex form, an ideal polyphenol-to-phospholipid ratio. Pharmacosomes are amphiphilic lipid vesicular systems that have demonstrated their ability to increase the bio-accessibility of poorly water-soluble and poorly lipophilic medicines. Drug pharmacosomes provide an effective method of delivering the drug directly to the infection site, which contributes to a lowering in drug toxicity without harmful effects, and also lowers the cost of therapy by improving the drug's bioavailability, particularly in the case of poorly soluble drugs. Pharmacosomes are appropriate to incorporate both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Pharmacosomes have been designed for multiple anti-inflammatory medications that are non-steroidal, neurological, and antineoplasty.
Diversidade sexual e direitos humanos
Authors: Jun Tan Haroldo , Bittencourt Malheiros Deborah
Published: May 2021

O liberalismo clássico apontou o pluralismo como um princípio central da democracia moderna, do qual John Stuart Mill foi um pai fundador. Hannah Arendt e Judith Butler acrescentaram a essa associação percepções que corroboram uma a outra, relativas à importância da visibilidade política. Tomando a teoria de gênero e de assembleia de Judith Butler e o valor do pluralismo, pode- -se concluir a importância das políticas públicas para a população LGBT, como as que se encontram na Secretaria de Justiça e Defesa da Cidadania, do Governo do Estado de São Paulo.
Saúde das mulheres lésbicas e atenção à saúde
Authors: Fernandes Marisa , Dantas Soler Luiza , Burgos Paiva Leite Maria Cecília
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo é o produto de um esforço conjunto entre mulheres lésbicas, feministas e ativistas, no sentido de delinear a questão da saúde das lésbicas no Brasil a partir de uma perspectiva multidisciplinar e com forte contribuição de escutas qualificadas e vivências das próprias ao longo de suas vidas. Com ele buscamos driblar a invisibilidade de nossos corpos e, por conseguinte, a quase total ausência de números e políticas públicas que nos considerem enquanto sujeitos, e trazer os dados possíveis sobre as nossas sexualidades e saúde, para nós e por nós.
Experiência de discriminação e violências
Authors: Gonçalves Ferreira Denis , Pestana Pinto Thiago , de Sousa Mascena Veras Maria Amélia
Published: May 2021

Diversos estudos sinalizam uma associação entre formas diversas de discriminação e violência ao desenvolvimento de doenças e estados de saúde. O presente estudo tem como objetivo apresentar um breve panorama de como a discriminação e a violência podem impactar a saúde de homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) na cidade de São Paulo. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo que apresenta as frequências brutas de violência e discriminação entre HSH da cidade de São Paulo. Participaram desse estudo 1.175 HSH com idades que variam de 18 a 77 anos, sendo que brancos e pessoas com ensino superior completo representam a maioria dos sujeitos, com 59% e 30% respectivamente. As formas de violência que mais apareceram nessa amostra foram agressão verbal (59,9%), ameaça de agressão (33,4%) e agressão física (16%). Os locais onde as pessoas se sentiram mais discriminadas foram na escola e/ou universidade (29,5%), no ambiente religioso (28,7%), com amigos e na vizinhança (28,5%) e, por fim, no ambiente familiar (26,5%). É muito alta a frequência de discriminação e violência experimentada por HSH em São Paulo. Dados sugerem que políticas públicas preventivas e educação para o fim da discriminação em virtude das práticas e orientações sexuais das pessoas, são necessárias e urgentes.
Incursões sobre uma política de formação de educadores no Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Teixeira Sabatine Thiago , Matera Sanches Marina
Published: May 2021

Este artigo analisa uma estratégia de formação continuada dos servidores da Secretaria de Estado da Educação, por meio do curso “Gênero, Sexualidade e Diversidade Sexual: desafios para a escola contemporânea”, tomando como ponto de partida as discussões, conteúdos e discursos lançados pelo curso, para pensar o modo como o sistema educacional concebe a escola e o papel do educador no âmbito das questões de gênero, sexualidade e diversidade sexual, considerando a iniciativa em perspectiva com as imbricações políticas e culturais mais amplas que informam a inserção desse debate na educação contemporânea.
Políticas Públicas dirigidas para primeira infância
Authors: Isoyama Venancio Sonia
Published: May 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a importância do investimento na primeira infância e alguns dos principais programas, com foco no desenvolvimento infantil implementados no Brasil e outros países. Conclui-se que é crescente o investimento em programas intersetoriais para promover o desenvolvimento integral das crianças de 0 a 6 anos.
Ekwiwalencja tłumaczeniowa jako urojenie
Authors: Krzeszowski Tomasz P.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the notion of translation equivalence, reconstructed so many times that in time it became illusory. While equivalence types, discussed here, were supposed to guarantee a scholarly approach towards translation, they instead lead to chaos. In order to understand certain concepts, the present article suggests a solution based on cognitive linguistics. The proposed change to the way equivalence is analyzed consists in differentiating between denotational and referential meanings. To illustrate intersemiotic translation, the author provides examples of geometrical figures, which implicated that the way of thinking about equivalence may indeed change.
KONSEP PERBAIKAN ARAH ALIRAN DRAINASE MENURUT KONSULTAN PERENCANA
Authors: Erwin Nainggolan  , I Made Kamiana  , Raden Haryo Saputra
Published: May 2021

Pertemuan saluran drainase di Jalan Yos Sudarso-Jalan Bukit Keminting Kota Palangka Raya, merupakan pertemuan antara saluran drainase sekunder dengan saluran drainase primer. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran debit, saluran drainase sekunder di Jalan Yos Sudarso-Perumahan Dosen dan di Jalan Yos Sudarso- Taman Kuliner justru menerima aliran dari saluran primer di Jalan Yos Sudarso III dan sebagian lagi dari saluran drainase primer di Jalan Bukit Keminting. Permasalahan arah aliran saluran drainase ini perlu diteliti dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui konsep-konsep perbaikannya menurut persepsi Konsultan Perencana. Pengumpulan data persepsi ini dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner. Agar Konsultan Perencana lebih mudah dalam memahami kuesioner, maka kuesioner dilampiri dengan data pendukung, yaitu lay out saluran drainase, profil saluran drainase, dan debit drainase. Pengujian kuesioner dilakukan dengan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Pemilihan responden menggunakan Purposive Sampling yaitu konsultan perencana yang berdomisili di Kota Palangka Raya. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan Teknik Solvin. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 25. Menurut persepsi Konsultan Perencana, terdapat enam konsep yang dapat diterapkan untuk memperbaiki arah aliran saluran drainase di Jalan Yos Sudarso-Jalan Bukit Keminting. Apabila diurutkan berdasarkan nilai mean, konsep perbaikan itu sebagai berikut: pendalaman saluran, perkuatan dinding saluran, perbaikan kemiringan lereng tebing, perbaikan skema jaringan, pembuatan bangunan pelengkap dan pendalaman pelebaran.
ANALISIS AIR LARIAN DI WILAYAH JALAN TEMANGGUNG TILUNG KOTA PALANGKA RAYA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Yosua Lama Lewa  , Haiki Mart Yupi  , Nomeritae
Published: May 2021

Jalan Temanggung Tilung merupakan salah satu jalan yang sering mengalami genangan. Perkembangan penduduk di kota Palangka Raya mengakibatkan meningkatnya kepadatan permukiman dan penggunaan lahan, sehingga berkurangnya daerah resapan air yang menjadi salah satu faktor terjadinya genangan. Faktor lainnya yang menyebabkan genangan adalah air larian atau air limpasan (surface run off) akibat curah hujan dan intensitas hujan yang melebihi laju infiltrasi air ke dalam tanah. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran air larian untuk melihat hubungan curah hujan, air larian dan muka air tanah. Lokasi penelitian berada di Jalan Menteng IX dengan membuat plot berukuran 2 x 10 m yang dilengkapi dengan pembatas plot dan bak penampung. Pengukuran curah hujan menggunakan alat penakar curah hujan (rain bucket) yang dilengkapi bak penampung curah hujan. Muka air tanah diukur pada sumur pantau menggunakan alat sensor air tanah. Pengukuran kemiringan lahan menggunakan metode beda tinggi. Air larian rata-rata selama 20 hari kejadian adalah sebesar 0,0292 mm. Curah hujan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap air larian, semakin besar curah hujan yang terjadi, maka semakin besar air larian, ditunjukkan dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,92. Hubungan antara air larian dengan muka air tanah adalah semakin kecil muka air tanah, maka semakin besar air larian yang terjadi, ditunjukkan dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,85.
Halaman Depan
Authors: Editorial
Published: May 2021

Jurnal Teoritis dan Terapan Bidang Keteknikan
ANALISIS SISA UMUR RENCANA JALAN BERDASARKAN PERTUMBUHAN LALU LINTAS DI KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Novenrio Mandala Putra  , Sutan P. Silitonga  , Robby Robby
Published: May 2021

Perubahan volume lalu lintas pada ruas jalan Ahmad Yani, jalan RTA Milono, jalan Tjilik Riwut dan jalan Yos Sudarso di kota Palangka Raya memberikan dampak terhadap kondisi jalan dan umur jalan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sisa umur jalan dan untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai derajat kerusakan pada jalan. Pengumpulan data LHR diperoleh dari hasil survei di lapangan. Perhitungan sisa umur jalan menggunakan metode Bina Marga 2013 dan AASHTO 1993, yang diperoleh dari nilai jumlah kendaraan dan nilai Equivalent Standard Axle Load (ESAL) kendaraan dalam keadaan normal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis sisa umur pada ruas jalan Yos Sudarso dari arah Bundaran Besar mempunyai sisa umur yaitu 48,74% dari arah Lintas mempunyai sisa umur yaitu 52,54%. Pada ruas jalan Ahmad Yani dari arah Jembatan Kahayan yaitu 66,95% dari arah Pasar Besar yaitu 71,86%. Pada ruas jalan RTA Milono dari arah Bundaran Besar yaitu 69,04% dari arah Kereng Bangkirai yaitu 67,54%. Pada ruas jalan Tjilik Riwut dari arah Bundaran Besar yaitu 57,23% dari arah Tangkiling yaitu 57,98%. Untuk derajat kerusakan jalan pada truk 2 sumbu lebih dari 20 ton mengalami overloading karena roda bagian belakang kelebihan 4,8630 sehingga menjadi tidak aman. Sedangkan, pada truk 3 sumbu lebih dari 30 ton mengalami overloading karena roda bagian belakang kelebihan 5.3810 sehingga menjadi tidak aman.
LIMBAH PLASTIK POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTALATE (PET) SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI AGREGAT KASAR PADA CAMPURAN BETON RINGAN
Authors: Muhammad Wijaya  , Liliana  , Maryanto Maryanto
Published: May 2021

Pengolahan limbah plastik menjadi agregat kasar alternatif sebagai bahan campuran beton menjadi salah satu solusi di bidang ketekniksipilan dalam upaya meminimalisir semakin banyaknya limbah plastik. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis plastik adalah Polyethylene Terephtalate (PET) yang biasa ditemukan pada botol air mineral. Variasi penambahan agregat plastik (AP) terhadap agregat alam (AA) adalah 1) AP = 0% dan AA = 100%, 2) AP = 50% dan AA = 50%, 3) AP = 75% dan AA = 25%, dan 4) AP = 100% dan AA = 0%. Variasi gradasi agregat dilakukan 1) #19 mm = 10%, #9,5 mm = 40%, dan #4,75 mm = 50%, 2) #19 mm = 10%, #9,5 mm = 35 %, dan #4,75 mm = 55%, dan 3) #19 mm = 5%, #9,5 mm = 45%, dan #4,75 mm = 50%. Berdasarkan hasil uji kuat tekan dan berat isi beton ringan yang menghasilkan campuran terbaik adalah variasi campuran AP=75% dan AA = 25% dan gradasi campuran #19 mm = 10%, #9,5 mm = 35 %, dan #4,75 mm = 55%. Kuat tekan sebesar 11,1 MPa dan berat isi sebesar 1687,9 kg/m3. Benda uji memenuhi persyaratan berat isi tetapi tidak memenuhi standar kuat tekan untuk beton ringan struktural. Sedangkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Supratikno dan Ratnanik (2019) dengan menggunakan material yang sama menghasilkan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 10,14 Mpa dan berat isi sebesar 2260 Kg/m3. Data kuat tekan dan berat isi mengindikasikan pada penelitian ini terjadi peningkatan kualitas benda uji yang dihasilkan terhadap penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan Supratikno dan Ratnanik (2019).
ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK MARSHALL CAMPURAN HOT ROLLED SHEET WEARING COURSE (HRS-WC) MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN TAMBAH PLASTIK BEKAS JENIS LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (LDPE)
Authors: Tirsa Widiatika  , Desriantomy  , Mohamad Amin
Published: May 2021

Tingginya aktivitas masyarakat tidak hanya meningkatkan daya perekonomian, akan tetapi juga meningkatkan jumlah sampah yang dihasilkan sehingga berdampak pada pencemaran lingkungan. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palangka Raya, jumlah sampah pada tahun 2019 mencapai 920,94 m3 atau sekitar 138.141,50 kg per hari yang terdiri dari 65% sampah anorganik dan 35% sampah organik. Di sisi lain, penggunaan bahan pengikat (aspal) sebagai bahan konstruksi perkerasan semakin meningkat seiring dengan dengan maraknya pembangunan jalan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja campuran dan mengurangi limbah plastik. Salah satu material yang memiliki potensi sebagai bahan tambah (additive) pada aspal yaitu limbah plastik, karena ketersediaannya yang cukup banyak dan material ini bersifat termoplastik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan plastik jenis Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) pada campuran Hot Rolled Sheet-Wearing Course (HRS-WC) dan seberapa besar penggunaan limbah plastik dalam campuran sebagai upaya pengurangan limbah plastik yang sulit terurai. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji laboratorium. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO) sebesar 7,30% dan selanjutnya menggunakan KAO yang didapat dari pengujian sebelumnya ditambahkan dengan variasi kadar plastik rentang 2% sampai 10%, didapat kadar penambahan LDPE maksimum dari nilai parameter Marshall yang memenuhi persyaratan spesifikasi yaitu pada kadar penambahan LDPE sebesar 6,60% dari berat aspal, nilai stabilitas naik 44 kg dari nilai stabilitas campuran tanpa menggunakan bahan tambah LDPE, nilai flow naik sebesar 0,15 mm, rongga dalam campuran (VIM) turun sebesar 0,90%, rongga terisi aspal (VFB) naik sebesar 4,30% dan hasil bagi Marshall naik sebesar 1,50 kg/mm.
Halaman Belakang
Authors: Editorial
Published: May 2021

Jurnal Teoritis dan Terapan Bidang Keteknikan
NUOVE STELE DAL TOFET DI MOZIA
Authors: D'Andrea Bruno
Published: May 2021

This paper analyses nine new votive stelae discovered during the archaeological investigations at the Tophet of Motya carried out in 2009 by the Regional Superintendence BB.CC.AA. of Trapani and the Rome «La Sapienza» Expedition to Motya.
GLI ITTITI E LA LORO RISCOPERTA NELLA TURCHIA REPUBBLICANA
Authors: Francia Rita
Published: May 2021

Among the reforms of Mustafà Kemal Atatürk in Turkey, there was also the cultural one and the re-evaluation of the past. The studies of the pre-classical history and the ancient cultures, particularly the Hittites, received a substantial boost.
THE COPPER ROUTE AND THE EGYPTIAN CONNECTION IN 3RD MILLENNIUM BC JORDAN SEEN FROM THE CARAVAN CITY OF KHIRBET AL-BATRAWY
Authors: Nigro Lorenzo
Published: May 2021

Was the Kings’ Highway used as “Copper Route” during the 3rd millennium BC and did this track enhance the connection between Pharaonic Egypt and Jordan? Finds from the 3rd millennium BC city of Khirbet al-Batrawy suggest that the Copper Route was a way of exchanging goods through the overland tracks crossing central Sinai. Moreover, this centre provided evidence for a variety of destinations on long-distance trade routes towards the west (Palestine and Lebanon), the north (Syria), and across the desert and the steppe, also to the east (Mesopotamia) and the south (Arabia). The exploitation of the Copper Route as overland connection with Egypt during EB III may explain the flourishing of Jordanian urban centres in this period
Detection and distribution of eastern small-footed bats (Myotis leibii) in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area
Authors: Schell Joseph M. , Rollinson Emily J. , Whidden Howard
Published: May 2021

Eastern small-footed bats have traditionally been considered rare throughout their range in eastern and central North America. However, recent research suggests that this apparent rarity may be due to specialized habitat preferences combined with survey techniques that are ineffective for this species. We surveyed six talus slope sites within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area for eastern small-footed bats in the summer and fall of 2018. We also compared four different survey techniques using detection probabilities calculated from repeated site visits. Eastern small-footed bats were documented at all six sites within the park, suggesting that this species is widespread in suitable habitats. Active acoustic monitoring had the highest detection probability (0.40 ± 0.20 SE), followed by passive acoustic monitoring (0.30 ± 0.075 SE), whereas visual roost searches and mist-netting were both unsuccessful (0.00) at detecting this species. We found some evidence for seasonal movement of eastern small-footed bats between different talus areas.
Shell density variation among populations of the ornate rocksnailLithasia geniculata(Gastropoda: Pleuroceridae)
Authors: Minton Russell , Goodwill Gabriella , Mihaly Holly , Fiorillo Riccardo
Published: May 2021

Pleurocerid snails generally exhibit shell variation with the environment and predation; shells are thicker, more conic, and harder to crush upstream than downstream. Little is known, however, about whether the density of shell material varies in a similar fashion and how it correlates with other shell characteristics and the environment. Using eight populations of Duck River Lithasia geniculata, we measured shell material density as a function of X-ray radiopacity and shell thickness and correlated it with river mile and crushing strength. Populations differed in their density, which was positively correlated with river mile whether adjusted for shell thickness or not. Regression indicated that shell density showed a positive correlation with thickness and a negative correlation with crushing strength. Our results in L. geniculata are the first to show variation in shell material density in pleurocerids, and our data suggest adaptive trade-offs in response to hydrology and predation pressures.
Avaliação da usabilidade do site da Biblioteca Pública do Estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Capri Daniela , Silva Giorgio Gilwan da
Published: May 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a usabilidade do site da Biblioteca Pública de Santa Catarina (BPSC). Para este fim, a pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas: avaliação heurística; teste de usabilidade e comparativo entre a avaliação heurística e o teste de usabilidade. Os resultados obtidos apontaram uma deficiência na usabilidade do site da BPSC o que dificulta sua utilização e pode acabar afastando os usuários.
Uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa referente à primeira etapa da proposta de pesquisa sobre o desenvolvimento de produtos do color e trim para o interior de aeronaves
Authors: Lee Erika Yamamoto , El Marghani Viviane Gaspar Ribas
Published: May 2021

O artigo apresenta a aplicação da Revisão Bibliográfica Integrativa (RBI), um método sistemático, rigoroso, o qual possibilita ao pesquisador realizar decisões precisas, pois obtém o estado da arte sobre o assunto abordado, assim como a acurada apresentação das lacunas de pesquisa. Tal método de pesquisa é utilizado nos estudos de áreas da saúde, educação, informática e pouco aplicado em pesquisas no Design. Aqui, a RBI foi adotada para o desenvolvimento do capítulo de revisão bibliográfica de uma tese de doutorado na área do Design, que busca pesquisar estudos sobre o tema color e trim no design de interiores de aeronaves. O resultado apresenta todo o procedimento da RBI utilizado em temas do processo no design de interiores da aeronave, pois é um setor que exige do pesquisador uma busca do alto rigor técnico e científico, para o desenvolvimento de novas soluções. Na aplicação da RBI para esta pesquisa, resultaram doze artigos e dezenove teses relevantes.
The Evolution of the Walch Classification for Primary Glenohumeral Arthritis
Authors: Jawa Andrew , Shields Margaret V.
Published: May 2021

Our understanding of the pathology of and treatment for glenohumeral arthritis (GHA) has grown dramatically in the past few decades. Original observations regarding patterns of glenoid erosion, glenoid retroversion, and posterior humeral head subluxation in patients with primary GHA were documented in the 1980s and early 1990s. In the late 1990s, Walch et al proposed what is now the most widely used classification system to describe the characteristic pathology of GHA. Improved understanding of both premorbid and pathologic anatomies, along with advancements in imaging, have steered modifications in this classification system. These changes have improved its reliability and helped to further guide management decisions. The purpose of this article is to review the evolution of the Walch classification, understand the rationale behind the modifications, and discuss potential future developments.
Industry 4.0 Implementation in US Primary Wood Products Industry
Authors: Legg Brooklyn , Dorfner Bettina , Leavengood Scott , Hansen Eric
Published: May 2021

Understanding barriers to implementation of Industry 4.0 strategies is a first step to enable companies to begin to use and implement new technologies; using new technologies will allow mills to improve efficiency and stay relevant in the face of increasing international competition. This study uses a mail survey to gather insights regarding awareness of technologies within the US primary wood products industry as well as the barriers to using new technologies. Awareness of technologies is generally low, especially with respect to additive manufacturing, autonomous systems, and big data. Lack of skilled workers is the primary limiting factor to implementation of new technologies with other key factors being out-of-date facilities and unclear financial benefits. Existing expertise was highest in manufacturing process monitoring and data analysis, and lowest in robotics. Only a very small group of respondents have already implemented any form of robotics. Overall, only six respondents (6.7 %) have an Industry 4.0 strategy, while 77 % did not recognize the terms “Industry 4.0” or “Smart Manufacturing.” Results suggest considerable room for additional application of I4.0 technologies in the industry.