bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The SENSEI Real World Internet Architecture
Authors: Tsiatsis Vlasios  , Gluhak Alexander  , Bauge Tim  , Montagut Frederic  , Bernat Jesus  , Bauer Martin  , Villalonga Claudia  , Barnaghi Payam  , Krco Srdjan
Published: February 2025

The integration of the physical world into the digital world is an important requirement for a Future Internet, as an increasing number of services and applications are relying on real world information and interaction capabilities. Sensor and actuator networks (SAN) are the current means of interacting with the real world although most of the current deployments represent closed vertically integrated solutions. In this paper we present an architecture that enables efficient integration of these heterogeneous and distributed SAN islands into a homogeneous framework for real world information and interactions, contributing to a horizontal reuse of the deployed infrastructure across a variety of application domains. We present the main concepts, their relationships and the proposed real world resource based architecture. Finally, we outline an initial implementation of the architecture based on the current Internet and web technologies.
Publish/Subscribe for Internet: PSIRP Perspective
Authors: Lagutin Dmitrij  , Visala Kari  , Tarkoma Sasu
Published: February 2025

Most of the Internet's traffic is data-oriented, while the Internet is based on sending messages to end points. As a result, the efficient multicast is difficult to implement on Internet's scale, and various attacks such as DoS and SPAM are easy to launch. In this paper, we describe a clean slate approach for a publish/subscribe based networking: Publish/Subscribe Internet Routing Paradigm (PSIRP). PSIRP aims to implement publish/subscribe networking without relying on existing networking protocols such as IP. Preliminary results suggest that a clean slate publish/subscribe approach is flexible and scalable to the Internet.
Simulation Set-up to Measure Revenue Management Performance
Authors: Huffnagel Dimitry  , Ghijs Stefaan
Published: February 2025

Revenue management is one of the key strategic business aspects of airlines. In the airline industry, the use of mathematical revenue management models has become a standard due to their revenue enhancing effect. This paper discusses a simulation set-up with which the performance of a revenue management model can be compared to manual inventory control. Results showed that an in-house designed model can indeed improve revenues in a simulation environment compared to the experience-based manual inventory control.
New opportunities for aircraft noise policy in the Netherlands
Authors: Kroesen Maarten
Published: February 2025

This papers aims (1) to provide a review of the (non-acoustic) social-psychological determinants of aircraft noise annoyance, (2) evaluate Schiphol's noise policy from a social-psychological perspective and (3) review a governance model that can effectively address non-acoustic factors in aircraft noise policy. It is concluded that the insights in the psychology of noise annoyance inform us that local actors in the relationship ‘airport-environment’ should have the means to adjust to each other's presence. However, presently aggregated claims (e.g. average energy-equivalent noise norms), which are ineffective in representing and regulating the social conflict between the airport and its environment, have become dominant in aircraft noise policy. Resultants of this policy are polarization, deficient local control, distrust and noise annoyance. The paper concludes with a review of a previously developed governance model, in which local actors are given room to formulate specific individual preferences and establish transactions between them. This model aims to enhance local control and provide a context of mutual trust in the relationship ‘airport-environment’. Within this context aircraft noise may not necessarily be reduced, but can become much less annoying.
Presence is Just an Illusion: Using fMRI to Locate the Brain Area Responsible to the Meaning Given to Places
Authors: Bouchard Stéphane  , Talbot Jeanne  , Ledoux André-Anne  , Phillips Jennifer  , Cantamesse Matteo  , Robillard Geneviève
Published: February 2025

Researchers have suggested different models to describe the feeling of presence. Most of them imply that presence is some kind of alternate state. Research conducted in our research team lead us to consider presence simply like a very powerful perceptual illusion, with the addition of challenging the meaning given to the place where the user actually is (i.e., being “there”). The aim of this study is to investigate the neural correlates of the illusion of presence in VR. Five right-handed adults were scanned in the fMRI and were immersed in two conditions: high and low presence, where the exact same stimulus was presented to participants during each condition but the context (narrative) provided differed significantly. Results show a clear, specific and statistically significant involvement of the parahippocampal area, the brain responsible for giving contextual meaning of places.
Sounding Better: Fast Audio Cues Increase Walk Speed in Treadmill-Mediated Virtual Rehabilitation Environments
Authors: Powell Wendy  , Stevens Brett  , Hand Steve  , Simmonds Maureen
Published: February 2025

Music or sound effects are often used to enhance Virtual Environments, but it is not known how this audio may influence gait speed. This study investigated the influence of audio cue tempo on treadmill walking with and without visual flow. The walking speeds of 11 individuals were recorded during exposure to a range of audio cue rates. There was a significant effect of audio tempo without visual flow, with a 16% increase in walk speed with faster audio cue tempos. Audio with visual flow resulted in a smaller but still significant increase in walking speed (8%). The results suggest that the inclusion of faster rate audio cues may be of benefit in improving walk speed in virtual rehabilitation.
Alerts in Clinical Information Systems: Building Frameworks and Prototypes
Authors: Wipfli Rolf  , Lovis Christian
Published: February 2025

Alerts in Clinical Information Systems and CPOE are powerful tools for decision support. However, studies show that physicians override a large part of these alerts. Low specificity and high bandwidth of alerts lead to alert fatigue. Moreover, alerts seem to have usability issues as they are interrupting workflows and not always efficient to handle. This paper provides three different views on alerts: a system-based view, a human-computer interaction view and an organizational view. Based on this framework, we present a prototype of alert handling, which might ameliorate some of the problems with alerts.
A Framework for the Development of Patient Safety Education and Training Guidelines
Authors: Zikos Dimitrios  , Diomidous Marianna  , Mantas John
Published: February 2025

Patient Safety (PS) is a major concern that involves a wide range of roles in healthcare, including those who are directly and indirectly involved, and patients as well. In order to succeed into developing a safety culture among healthcare providers, carers and patients, there should be given great attention into building appropriate education and training tools, especially addressing those who plan patient safety activities. The framework described in this policy paper is based on the results of the European Network for Patient Safety (EUNetPaS) project and analyses the principles and elements of the guidance that should be provided to those who design and implement Patient Safety Education and training activities. The main principles that it should be based on and the core teaching objectives-expected outcomes are addressed. Once the main context and considerations are properly set, the guidance should define the general schema of the content that should be included in the Education and Training activities, as well as how these activities would be delivered. It is also important that the different roles of the recipients are clearly distinguished and linked to their role-specific methods, proper delivery platforms and success stories. Setting these principles into practice when planning and implementing interventions, primarily aims to enlighten and support those who are enrolled to design and implement Patient Safety education and training teaching activities. This is achieved by providing them with a framework to build upon, succeeding to build a collaborative, safety conscious and competent environment, in terms of PS. A guidelines web platform has been developed to support this process.
Standardized and Flexible Health Data Management with an Archetype Driven EHR System (EHRflex)
Authors: Brass Anton  , Moner David  , Hildebrand Claudia  , Robles Montserrat
Published: February 2025

To build a semantically interoperable Electronic Health Record is one of the most challenging research fields in health informatics. In order to reach this objective, EHR standards that formally describe health data structures have to be used. CEN EN13606 is one of the most promising approaches. It covers the technical needs for semantic interoperability and, at the same time, it incorporates a mechanism (archetype model) that enables clinical domain experts to participate in building an EHR system. In this paper we present EHRflex, a generic system based on archetypes. It empowers the clinician and allows him to manage his own EHR system in a simple and generic way, assuring that the user works with underlying standardized data structures. These can be exchanged with other people and systems when needed. EHRflex introduces EHR standards into the clinical routine delivering a technical platform which works directly on archetype based data.
Where Superman Is Not On Staff – on implementation and lacking feedback
Authors: Stokken Roar  , Gabrielsson-Järhult Felicia
Published: February 2025

Computer systems tend to deliver less than promised. In this article we investigate mechanisms that contribute to this gap through a computer system supposed to facilitate discharge planning. The aim of this system is to increase efficiency and quality, and make information exchange safer. We do the investigation from the perspective of Science and Technology Studies (STS) and skill acquisition. We find that information tends to be hindered from entering the system, rather than ending up in the wrong places as the case was before. Further knowledge that earlier was gleaned from person to person interaction is missing out. Despite being sparse and limited, the information stored in the system is sufficient to enable action. We therefore see that one risk is exchanged for another. In total, patient safety might suffer, and hence staff ought to compensate for this. This in turn reduces efficiency and hence also the promised gain from the system.
Pathogenesis of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) in Girls. A Double Neuroosseous Theory Involving Disharmony between Two Nervous Systems, Somatic and Autonomic Expressed in the Spine and Trunk: Possible Dependency on Sympathetic Nervous System and Ho
Authors: Burwell Geoffrey R.  , Aujla Ranjit K.  , Grevitt Michael P.  , Dangerfield Peter H.  , Moulton Alan  , Randell Tabitha L.  , Anderson Susan
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Leptin, adipocyte hormone and energy sufficiency signal to the hypothalamus, has many regulatory functions including bone growth controlled through the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and peripherally. In AIS girls, we attribute several skeletal asymmetries associated with lower BMI to asymmetric SNS function created by hypothalamic dysfunction (upregulation) resulting from hormesis as an abnormality of a putative normal leptin-hypothalamic-SNSdriven mechanism. Hormesis is a bimodal dose response of cells, or organisms, to an exogenous (eg drug or toxin), or intrinsic factor (eg hormone), in which the factor induces stimulatory or beneficial effects at low doses and inhibitory or adverse effects at high doses.
Baseline Values of Gene Expression Levels for Cultured Chondrocytes Should be Obtained from Chondrocytes In Situ
Authors: Bagnall K.M.  , Bater J.  , Secretan C.  , Barley R.  , Jomha N.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Implantation of cells to repair spinal articular cartilage (AC) requires these cells to have a specific chondrocyte genotype. Current baseline values for chondrocyte genotype currently available in the literature have been determined after their release from the cartilage matrix. Molecular characteristics change extremely rapidly depending on the microenvironment of the cell and are likely not the same as those exhibited by chondrocytes in situ.
Pull-Over of Washer-Head Screws in Moderately Thin Aluminum
Authors: LaBelle James C.  , Dolby Tanya
Published: February 2025

For pull-over, the fastener's head is pulled completely through a metal sheet. The 2005 Aluminum Design Manual includes an equation for nominal pull-over strength. This was based on testing using thin aluminum (1.02 mm maximum). Later, other testing indicated that this equation becomes increasingly conservative as thickness increases beyond 1.02 mm. A new equation has been developed that is in substantially better agreement with tests that used prescribed hole sizes and aluminum thicknesses of 1.02 mm and greater.
STAY, an Aluminum Frame for Reflection at the TU/e Campus
Authors: Bouwman Lars
Published: February 2025

At the end of 2010 a student's project will be built at the campus of Eindhoven University of Technology, TU/e. A bridge will be transformed from a functional connection between the river banks to a theatrical space to stay. A frame for the green environment, with the basics of folding a paper as a concept of a big aluminum construction. A project that will be realized by students in cooperation with the executive board of the TU/e and building companies.
A New Classification System for Aluminium Alloys Sections
Authors: Mazzolani F.M.  , Piluso V.  , Rizzano G.
Published: February 2025

According to Eurocode 9, cross-sections are classified into different behavioural classes depending on the width-to-thickness ratios of the plate elements constituting the member section. To this scope the plate elements are separately considered and the most severe class is assumed as the one governing the section behaviour against local buckling. The main criticism to this classification system is due to the fact that, while the behavioural features of the different classes are clearly identified, the limit values of the width-to-thickness ratios between two adjacent classes do not account for the mutual restraining conditions between the plate elements constituting the section.
The Administration of Dutch Migration, 19
Authors: Van der Meer Frits M.  , Raadschelders Jos C.N.
Published: February 2025

For centuries the Netherlands was an immigrant nation that welcomed people who looked for a job and/or for tolerance. Especially in the 19th century and during the 1950s emigration was larger than immigration. Since 2003 it is the only Western European country where more people leave then settle. Until the 1940s the administration of migration flows was mainly the responsibility of local governments and of private associations. Most policy and organization efforts since then have been pursued at the national level and focused mainly on the administration of immigration. In dealing with substantial minority populations, Dutch policy has changed in the past 30 years from multiculturalism to assimilation emphasizing national citizenship. It is time, though, to consider a middle ground.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated with Systemic Sclerosis: A Need for a More Focused Approach
Authors: Hassoun Paul M.
Published: February 2025

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a common complication of systemic sclerosis, is one of the leading causes of mortality in patients with scleroderma. With a prevalence of scleroderma ranging from ~70 to 240 patients/million, and a conservative estimate that about 10% of these patients develop PAH, scleroderma-related PAH (SSc-PAH) is a very frequent etiology of PAH (WHO Group I) throughout the world. However, trials indicate that SSc-PAH patients have a significantly poorer response to therapy compared to other forms of PAH such as idiopathic PAH. This perhaps relates to limited understanding of the pathogenesis of SSc-PAH, lack of adequate specific outcome measures (that factor in components of the cardiovascular response in these patients) and limited knowledge on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics that underlie development of PAH and disease progression. This review discusses specific features of SSc-PAH and the potential reasons for poor outcomes, currently available and FDA-approved therapy for this syndrome, as well as needed future developments required to alter the overall poor prognosis in this disorder.
Established and New Therapies for Hypoxia and Non-Hypoxia-Related Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ghofrani Hossein A.  , Voswinckel Robert  , Reichenberger Frank  , Weissmann Norbert  , Schermuly Ralph T.  , Seeger Werner  , Grimminger Friedrich
Published: February 2025

Pulmonary hypertension can occur as an isolated disease affecting the lung vessels only, in association with underlying hypoxic lung disorders or due to chronic thromboembolic disease. Regardless of the underlying disease, chronic cor pulmonale is associated with progressive clinical deterioration and a poor prognosis in most cases. The aim of specific therapies for pulmonary hypertension is to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance and thereby improve right ventricular function. Currently three classes of drugs (prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors) are approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in a defined patient population (group I according to the recent WHO classification). However, these medications may also lower pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with associated lung diseases (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or lung fibrosis) and significant pulmonary hypertension, for whom these drugs are not yet approved. As non-selective vasodilators may induce gas-exchange disturbances, which preclude their long-term use in these patients, such substances should be avoided in the hypoxemic patient. In this article we provide an update of the current understanding of hypoxia- and non-hypoxia-related pulmonary hypertension, addressing both the pathophysiological understanding of different disease aetiologies as well as the therapeutic options currently available.
Novel Anti-Proliferative Therapies in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Janssen Wiebke  , Schermuly Ralph Theo
Published: February 2025

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a vasculoproliferative disorder of the small pulmonary arteries, which is characterized by vasoconstriction and proliferation of the vascular cells in the pulmonary vessel wall. During the last decade, therapeutic options for the treatment of this life-threatening disease have significantly improved. Drugs like prostacyclin, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, which mainly address the increased vascular tone, have been approved for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension and represent the current therapeutic options. The development of a causal treatment targeted on the key events in disease progression (e.g. increased proliferation, migration and resistance to apoptosis of pulmonary vascular cells) aiming a normalization of the pulmonary artery wall structure is the current focus of research. Therefore new non-vasoactive drugs with anti-proliferative properties are investigated, which can not only attenuate (anti-remodeling) but reverse (reverse-remodeling) the disease. These compound classes include growth factor receptor inhibitors (e.g. tyrosine kinase inhibitors), statins, serotonin receptor antagonists and Rho-kinase inhibitors. Preclinical investigations and clinical trials for some of these substances were already initiated addressing safety and efficacy. In summary, further insight into the pathology of pulmonary arterial hypertension is needed to further advance drug development and treatments to improve the management of patients.
What Animal Models Tell Us about Treatments for Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Wilkins Martin R.  , Wharton John  , Zhao Lan
Published: February 2025

Animal models of pulmonary hypertension are used to evaluate new therapies, both their efficacy and the mechanism of their effect. They are also used to explore the biochemical mechanisms at work, with a view to identifying new drug targets. The limiting factor in each case is the extent to which the animal model represents the human condition; in particular, replicates the striking vascular pathology seen in lungs from patients with pulmonary hypertension. A telling observation is that therapies that have had dramatic effects in the animal models used to date have been far less impressive in clinical practice. New animal models have been described with marked intimal vascular lesions. In addition, genetically manipulated mice offer a targeted approach to examining signalling pathways. Comparisons of these models with the human pathology using unbiased genomic, proteomic and metabolomic platforms may reveal common pathogenic pathways and/or identify molecular signatures for personalized medicines. Animal models continue to have a role in the development of drugs for pulmonary hypertension but a clear understanding of their strengths and weaknesses is essential to the intelligent interpretation of data from their use.
Therapeutic Potential for Dual Inhibition of Endothelin Converting Enzyme and Neutral Endopeptidase in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Fischer Yvan
Published: February 2025

The involvement of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the pathobiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension is well-established and has led to the successful clinical development of endothelin receptor antagonists for patients affected by the disease. Natriuretic peptides, on the other hand, exert a number of effects which in many instances oppose those of ET-1. Thus, natriuretic peptides have a vasodilatory action, especially in the pulmonary arterial vasculature, but they also produce beneficial long-term structural effects in the context of cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary hypertension, by virtue of their anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic properties.
Pulmonary Vascular Disease in the Newborn – From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Sluiter I.  , Kraemer U.  , Rottier R.  , Tibboel D.  , Reiss I.
Published: February 2025

Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) summarizes all congenital or acquired pathologies that affect the pulmonary vasculature. One of these is pulmonary hypertension (PH), which is characterized by a mean pulmonary artery pressure of ≥25 mmHg in rest, or ≥30 mmHg during exercise. This definition applies for adults and children [1].
From Concept to Therapy – Alternative Route of Drug Application: Inhalation
Authors: Olschewski Horst
Published: February 2025

Inhalation of drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fascinating concept, combining powerful pharmacologic effects of targeted drugs with pulmonary and intrapulmonary selectivity. Such effects are possible because the lung anatomy allows for application of drugs to the small pulmonary arteries by diffusion from alveolar surfaces. All drugs that have been shown to be efficacious in PAH are strong vasodilators, however, they differ very much concerning their vasodilative mechanisms and concerning their physicochemical properties. Prostanoids are particularly strong vasodilators with anti-remodelling properties but their conventional application has two drawbacks: i) they are prone to systemic side-effects and ii) their application necessitates a continuous intravenous or subcutaneous infusion. Inhaled prostanoids avoid these drawbacks and have been shown to be efficacious in randomized controlled trials. Inhaled iloprost (Ventavis®) has been approved in Europe, US, Australia and many other countries, inhaled treprostinil (Tyvaso®) has been approved in the US. Despite this success there is further space for improvement, particularly concerning more convenient and reliable delivery systems via inhalation.
Robot Mapping based on Typicality
Authors: Jauregi E.  , Irigoien I.  , Sierra B.  , Lazkano E.  , Arenas C.
Published: February 2025

Typicality problem refers to the identification of new classes in a general classification context. This typicality concept is used in this paper to help a robot acquiring a topological representation of the environment during its exploration phase. We describe a robust place recognition algorithm that fuses a number of uncertain local matches into a high-confidence global match. The problem is addressed using INCA statistic which follows a distance-based approach. Experiments performed in simulation and in a real robot/environment system show the adequateness of the approach.
Behavior-Based Control of Self-Reconfigurable Robot Teams for Sensor Placement
Authors: Hays Jacob  , Butler Zack
Published: February 2025

Self-reconfiguring robots are composed of modules with independent computation and actuation that can rearrange themselves to complete different tasks and navigate challenging terrain. Critically for this work, they can also completely divide into separate groups to accomplish mission goals in parallel, and merge those groups back together if necessary to achieve greater navigation capability. In this work, we propose a behavior-based architecture for sensor placement in unknown environments that explicitly makes use of this dynamic parallelism. A set of behaviors, or tasks, are used to control the exploration and sensor placement as well as when and how the groups of modules should merge together or split apart to more efficiently achieve their goals. A series of simulations shows that the use of reconfiguration for dynamic parallelism in this architecture does lower the time and energy required while maintaining the effectiveness of mission performance; however, these trends are most noticeable on environments that are easier to traverse.
Probabilistic Evaluation of the Parameters Governing the Stability of the Tailing Dams
Authors: Villavicencio Gabriel  , Bacconnet Claude  , Breul Pierre  , Boissier Daniel  , Espinasse Raoul
Published: February 2025

Although the mining residues in a global way can be classified in a single class of granular material, a set of causes lead to a variability of the geotechnical characteristics of the material and of the internal structure of the dams constituted from these. Consequently, to adopt a hypothesis of homogeneity to estimate the mechanical stability of this kind of works (slope stability, liquefaction risk, …), can drive to a not realistic evaluation of the safety. To study the risk of stability of tailings dams, it is necessary to have a probabilistic approach. Indeed, the variability of the soils properties is the main cause of the uncertainty in the geotechnical design. It is thus necessary to know the distribution laws and the characteristics of average, deviation or distribution of the input parameters of soil mechanical models. The obtaining of these laws by laboratory test is boring, expensive and long. This article suggests demonstrating that it is possible to estimate these input parameters and them characteristics of distribution from the measure of the variability on the physical and state characteristics by means of in situ tests. By this way, authors show it is possible to obtain a very good estimation of the friction angle and carry out a probabilistic study of dam stability taking into account the mechanical parameters variability.
Standardization and Digitization of the ISRM Suggested Methods on Rock Mechanics Tests
Authors: Chi Ming  , Chen Zuyu  , Zhao Yufei
Published: February 2025

With the rapid development of Geotechnical Engineering now, enough rock parameter is indispensable for geotechnical design, numerical analysis, and so on. However, data, saved as the specific parameter, such as cϕ, will be highly different in the rock test with different methods. Consequently, it's becoming hard to using and managing data generated in rock mechanical test of Geotechnical Engineering, and the data won't play their role well in geotechnical engineering without useful storage, retrieve or collaboration. For this reason, it is very important to research how to obtain these parameter. The Joint Working Group on Representing ISRM Suggested Methods in Electronic Form (RISMEF) was established after the Rison ISRM Congress in 2007 under the Auspice of ISRM TM and JTC2.2. On the basis of the 52 ISRM suggested methods for rock mechanics test, and close discussions of members of the RISMEF working group, 7 suggested methods have been chosen for conducting the procedures of standardization and digitalization. The primary purpose of establishing RISMEF is to ensure that the ISRM Suggested Methods to be conducted in standard and electronic procedures. This work will result in a series of spreadsheets as appendices to the ISRM Suggested Methods and a database documenting the applications of these methods and the related data. The database will be attached to the ISRM website that will be shared on a non-commercial basis. The XML technology is widely used in recent years, it's because that XML carries the inherent advantages of being a international-accepted, self-validating, data separated from representation. XML technology provides a solution for data storage, data retrieval, and data shared. so, in this paper, The application of XML technology combined with EXCEL sheets in the rock tri-axial compress test is described, as a pilot work. The test data in XML document can be shown and analyzed conveniently in EXCEL by VBA.
Development of Tunnel 3D Information Inquiry System Based on ArcGIS Engine
Authors: Jiao Fang-hui  , Jia Yong-gang  , Liu Tao
Published: February 2025

Based on the design and construction data of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel project, a 3D information inquiry system which adopted the ArcGIS Engine techniques was developed. We proposed a classification modeling method which is based on whether or not query the attribute information of the 3D models. We used ArcGIS Engine 3D module to create MultiPatch models so that we can query easily about the attribute, and the other models were generated using 3D modeling softwares. We can change view angles by switching 2D and 3D visual windows to express the plane and spatial relationship of objects at any time. The problem that the query function of the past 3D system was weak was solved by developing the 3D query function of ArcGIS Engine.
Study on Failure Mechanism of Instability of High Rock Slope
Authors: Zhou Chuanbo  , Jiang Nan  , Yao Yingkang
Published: February 2025

Taking high rock slope of Daye open iron mine as example, failure mechanism of instability of high rock slope controlled by complex rock structure is studied from aspects of geological structural, mechanics mechanism and deformation characteristic. Firstly, engineering geology condition of high slope area A of Daye open iron mine is introduced; Then, characteristic of high rock mass structure is analyzed by stereographical projection method, collapse models and collapse scale are ascertained qualitatively; Geology-mechanics model are recapitulated based on engineering geology datum and rock mass structure analysis of slope Area A, then microcosmic failure mechanism of area A high slope is simulated by FLAC-3D numerical simulation software. The failure mechanism of instability is validated furthermore by comparing and analyzing actual deformation curve and simulation deformation curve of represented observation point of high slope. As results shown, method of “geological structural, mechanics mechanism and deformation characteristic” is feasible and effective to study failure mechanism of high rock slope.
Development and Application of Numerical Model for Rainfall-induced Shallow Landslides
Authors: Tsai Tl
Published: February 2025

In this study, a numerical model for rainfall-induced shallow landslides is developed by integrating the infinite slope stability analysis with the rainfall infiltration simulation in variably saturated soil. The developed numerical model can take into account not only the effects of the unit weight and the shear strength of soil as function of degree of saturation but also the hysteresis effect on rainfall-triggered shallow landslides. The applicability of the developed numerical model is examined by using a real case scenario. The simulated results show that the occurrence of shallow landslides could be misassessed if the influences of degree of saturation on the unit weight and the shear strength of soil are neglected. This highlights the importance of the nonlinearity in the shear strength of unsaturated soil to shallow landslides. In addition, the main drying and wetting curves are found to affect the prediction of rainfall-induced shallow landslides.
Development of a Super Slim Facade System for INHolland Polytechnic, Delft
Authors: Eekhout Mick  , van der Rotten Peter
Published: February 2025

Design, engineering, prototyping, production and realisation of an innovative insulated facade system with integrated pre-stressed cable stabilisation with application for a polytechnical school INHolland with a laboratory for composite materials in Delft, NL. The process consisted of 4 major phases:
Scenarios for Future Building Envelopes – Student Designs
Authors: Klein Tillmann
Published: February 2025

The first metal-glass facades where developed about 100 years ago and since than have undergone an incremental evolution. The basic constructional concept and its function have not changed. What has changed is the demand: On the one hand the energy performance and on the other the user comfort. The building envelope of the future will be a like a musical instrument in an orchestra, which is nicely tuned according to the ever changing surrounding conditions. It will contain a large number of technical installations.
Role of Haptic Feedback in a Basic Laparoscopic Task Requiring Hand-eye Coordination
Authors: Singapogu Ravikiran B.  , Pagano Christopher C.  , Burg Timothy C.  , Burg Karen J.K.L.  , Prabhu Varun V.
Published: February 2025

This work discusses the role and importance of haptic feedback and simulator training for simple laparoscopic tasks akin to the FLS peg-transfer task. Results from a study designed to examine haptics for this purpose are discussed.
Intermolecular covalent interaction: 20-center-2-electron covalent π/π bonding in tetrathiafulvalene radical-cation dimer TTF·
Authors: Wang Bing-Qiang  , Wang Fang-Fang  , Ma Fang  , Li Zhi-Ru  , Wu Di  , Xu Hong-Liang  , Gu Feng Long
Published: February 2025

Recently, a novel type of intermolecular covalent interaction has been found in dimers with π-radical(s). In this paper, the optimized structure of the tetrathiafulvalence radical-cation dimer (TTF·+–TTF·+) is obtained with all-real frequencies, in which a 20-center-2-electron intermolecular covalent π/π bonding with a double-tube shape is theoretically predicted. The covalent π/π bonding energy is estimated to be about -21 kcal·mol-1which counteracts partly the Coulombic repulsion between two TTF·+cations. This intermolecular covalent bonding can also influence the structure of the TTF·+subunit, i.e., its molecular plane is bent by an angle θ = 5.6°. In addition, adding the background charges based on the TTF-TCNQ crystal structure, the interaction energy of TTF·+–TTF·+changes from a positive value to a large negative value.
The minimum polarizability principle for spin states
Authors: Swart Marcel
Published: February 2025

The principle of minimum polarizability (MPP) has been investigated for the spin states of several transition metal complexes, using methods (OPBE, SSB-D) that are reliable for providing spin-state energies. For all complexes studied, these functionals indeed provide the same ground-state with similar spin-state splittings. The corresponding polarizabilities for each of the spin states however show that there is no correlation between the spin-state energy and its polarizability. Hence, the stability of a given spin-state can not be deduced from its polarizability value, leading to yet another breakdown of the MPP principle.
New Technologies to Manage Exam Anxiety
Authors: Grassi Alessandra  , Gaggioli Andrea  , Riva Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

A Stress Inoculation Training-based protocol tested if multimedia audio-video content induced emotional changes and reduced exam anxiety in university students. Seventy-five participants took part in six experimental sessions consisting of viewing multimedia content and performing relaxation exercises. Participants were randomly assigned to five experimental groups: 1) audio and video narrative on mobile phone (UMTS); 2) audio and video narrative on DVD (DVD), 3) audio narrative on MP3 player (M3), 4) audio narrative on CD (CD), 5) control group (CTRL). Results showed that audio/video content induced a significant reduction in exam anxiety and an increase of relaxation in students, compared to the audio-only contents.
Towards Developing Paving Materials Acceptance Specifications for Lateritic and Saprolitic Soils
Authors: Gidigasu Mensa David
Published: February 2025

The principle of ideal grading, low plasticity and higher compactive effort producing higher density and higher bearing strength of the compacted material for satisfactory pavement performance has characterized pavement materials acceptance specification requirements and practices related to the temperate zone countries. Investigations of cases of premature distress and deteriorations of pavements in some tropical environments have revealed that in addition to selecting well-graded gravels and aggregates to produce high compaction densities and bearing strengths for design, serious attention should also be given to the influence of the nature, geo-chemical, chemical and mineralogical compositions of the materials, testing and geomechanical rating procedures, construction techniques, as well as pavement maintenance history and environmental conditions. For tropically weathered materials formed in diverse climatic and drainage conditions, there is the need for materials oriented approach that integrates relevant aspects of such fields as engineering geology, geomorphology, geochemistry, petrography, pedology, climatology, rock and soil mechanics, innovative roadway design and construction methods as well as cost-effective roadway management and maintenance strategies, etc. A key component of this approach would be the construction and instrumentation of road test sections in relevant climatic, geologic, soils and drainage conditions for long-term serviceability and structural integrity assessment and evaluation. The objective of this lecture is to highlight the key factors, characteristics and parameters useful for developing materials oriented paving materials acceptance specifications for lateritic and saprolitic soils.
Technique nouvelle pour la réalisation de talus raidis dans la craie altérée
Authors: Haghgou M.  , Rossi P.
Published: February 2025

Cette article décrit une nouvelle technique utilisée pour la réalisation d'un talus raidi de grande profondeur dans la craie blanche sénonienne constituée en grande partie de craie très altérée à altérée. La tranchée de «Trois Puits »de 1500m de long, avec une profondeur atteignant 27m, est située sur la LGV Est européenne (au sud de Reims). Pour limiter l'emprise de l'ouverture, la pente moyenne exigée, en incluant les risbermes intermédiaires, était d'au moins 1V/1H.
Slope stability of Murriz Tunnel Portal
Authors: Paçi E.  , Dervishaj A.  , Cullufi H.
Published: February 2025

The slope above the Murriz tunnel entrance is in a very disturbed tectonic zone. Due to over thrust geological processes the rock quality are extremely poor. In surface there are different active slides that due to water circulations especially during seismic events are very unstable and slide towards tunnel entrance or cause tunnel entrance collapse.
Cost benefit analysis of preventive measures against landslides due to climate change
Authors: Fallsvik J.  , Svahn V.  , Falemo S.  , Lundström K.
Published: February 2025

With regard to the impacts of climate change, cost benefit analysis was conducted for the performance of preventive measures against landslides in three urbanized slopes adjacent to rivers in Sweden. A methodology is described, which can be applied for stability investigations, highlighting the factors of climate change as well as landslide probability and consequences. The consequences are weighted to the costs of performing preventive measures reducing the probability of landslides. In calculating landslide risks, both the probability and the consequences of the landslides were included.
Measuring the static and dynamic small strain stiffness of UK mudrocks
Authors: Brosse A.  , Hosseini Kamal R.  , Jardine R.  , Coop M.R.
Published: February 2025

A range of laboratory and field, static and dynamic, methods are presented that allow the anisotropic elastic behaviour of three UK mudrocks to be investigated at very small strains. The difficulties encountered are discussed, including bender elements (BE) test interpretation, temperature effects and seismic cone penetration test (CPT) scatter. Despite the uncertainties associated with each testing method, generally good agreement was observed between four fully independent methods for evaluating the elastic GVHstiffness mode. The strong elastic stiffness anisotropy revealed from a range of tests is illustrated by data from tests on intact, Cretaceous age, Gault clay.
Reinforcement of non traditional soil with geosynthetics – application to the walls of the saltpans of the Aveiro lagoon
Authors: Carlos D.M.  , Pinho-Lopes M.
Published: February 2025

The need for intervention in the walls of the saltpans of the Aveiro lagoon is evident. In this work a different solution for building this type of walls was studied, using soil (granular or fine) reinforced with geosynthetics. The internal design of such structures was done using different methodologies. For the design of the reinforcements of the structure with granular soil the following methods were used: Jewell (1996), Nordic Handbook (Rogbeck et al., 2003) and BS 8006:1995. For the internal design of the solution with fine soil reinforced with geosynthetics the methods used were: Jewell (1996), Naugthon et al. (2001) and BS 8006:1995. The external stability of these walls was also studied, considering the methodology of Eurocode 7 (EN 1997-1:2004) and the methodology of BS 8006:1995, for the solutions designed with this standard.
Permeable retaining wall on a soft rock slope. Case study
Authors: Popa H.  , Olinic E.  , Manea S.  , Marchidanu E.  , Batali L.
Published: February 2025

In the composition of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains in Romania is a complex belonging to the lower Cretaceous sediments, known as Sinaia Strata. This complex is composed of alternating clayey - marly schists and sandstone and marly limestone strata, strongly folded and cracked. Sinaia Strata represents the bedrock over which are disposed the covering formations, represented by coarse sediments, delluvial layers and various fill materials.
Boring of a tunnel in overconsolidated tertiary soils (Line 2, Madrid Subway)
Authors: Oteo C.S.  , Diez F.  , Díaz Retana J.M.  , Jiménez P.
Published: February 2025

Recently, an urban tunnel has been bored for the extension of the Line 2 of Madrid Underground (Spain). The ground excavated is the typical of the middle of Spain: Over consolidated tertiary sediments. This preconsolidation is originated by two factors: a) The ground overburden (50–100 m thickness, removed by the Pliocenic erosion). b) The cementation induced by the presence of pheldespated and quartz crystal. The granulometry of overconsolidated materials is variable (25–80% fine content). The excavation in these materials has been performed by a E.P.B. shield machine, Ø9.40 m. In this paper are presented: a) The geotechnical properties of the excavated materials. b) The tunnel auscultation and the movement measurements. A comparison between these measurements and the previous settlement estimation (by the subsidence Madrid Model) has been introduced.
Geotechnical Issues of the New Acropolis Museum
Authors: Papadopoulos V.  , Anagnostopoulos A.
Published: February 2025

The New Acropolis Museum has been founded on the weathered Athenian Schist. Due to the presence of antiquities on the site, mainly ancient masonry walls, the geotechnical design of the museum had to meet specific requirements and restrictions. Two types of foundations were selected: the first type was a deep foundation with single bored piles constructed at specific locations between the ancient walls and the second one was a mat foundation, at the part of the museum with three basements. Two types of retaining structures were designed for the deep excavations at the part with the basements: a) by prestressed anchors and b) by self supporting frames consisting of two rows of bored piles. The paper presents the evaluation of the geotechnical investigation results and the principles of the geotechnical design of the foundations, the retaining structures and the protective fill. This fill was designed taking into account the elimination of the horizontal pressures on the ancient masonry walls induced from the movement of the construction equipment.
Mechanical behavior of microfine cement grouted sands
Authors: Pantazopoulos I.A.  , Atmatzidis D.K.
Published: February 2025

Microfine cements, produced by pulverizing cements of three different types, were injected into clean sand at a water-to-cement ratio of 1:1 by weight. Unconfined and triaxial compression, resonant column and bender element tests were conducted to investigate the stress-strain-strength characteristics and the dynamic properties of the grouted sand. Microfine cement grouting resulted in (a) average unconfined compressive strength of 6.4 MPa, (b) average cohesion of 1.7 MPa, (c) improvement of the internal friction angle by an average of 5°, (d) significant improvement of the initial modulus of elasticity by up to 25 times, (e) significant reduction of the strain at failure by up to 10 times, (f) higher shear modulus by up to 25 times, (g) improved damping ratio by 100%, (h) significantly improved dynamic modulus of elasticity and (i) increased Poisson ratio by an average of 35%.