bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cine y memorias emblemáticas del Conflicto Interno del Perú / Cinema and emblematic memories of Peru’s Internal Conflict
Authors: Mora Galleguillos Gabriel Andres
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo busca dar cuenta de las memorias colectivas respecto del Conflicto Interno acontecido en el Perú entre 1980 al 2000 articuladas en las producciones cinematográficas “En la boca del lobo”, “La captura del siglo” y “La teta asustada”, esto mediante una estrategia de análisis de discurso audiovisual aplicado sobre los tres films. El propósito es identificar estas memorias a modo de propuestas elaboradas para su recepción por los públicos y audiencias, en tanto producciones culturales que buscan incidir en los procesos de rememoración de la sociedad peruana, y al mismo tiempo, situar estos entramados discursivos sobre el pasado en relación a las memorias emblemáticas que han surgido del Conflicto durante su mismo desarrollo o con posterioridad a él durante el postconflicto, logrando identificar la reciprocidad o diferencias unas y otras.
Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Implementasi Strategi Program Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Dan Perlindungan Perempuan Di Provinsi Riau
Authors: Afwanda Mayako Puja , Rusli Zaili , Adianto
Published: April 2021

Program peningkatan kualitas hidup dan perlindungan perempuan di provinsi riau merupakan program yang berfungsi untuk memberdayakan perempuan korban kekerasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi strategi program peningkatan kualitas hidup dan perlindungan perempuan di Provinsi Riau serta mengetahui faktor yang menghambat implementasi strategi program peningkatan kualitas hidup dan perlindungan perempuan di Provinsi Riau. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa implementasi strategi program peningkatan kualitas hidup dan perlindungan perempuan di Provinsi Riau adalah baik. Karena dari semua penilaian yang dilakukan terhadap program, anggaran dan prosedur, semuanya menunjukan hasil yang sudah berjalan baik. Implementasi strategi program yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Provinsi Riau melalui UPT P2TP2A yang ditinjau dari program telah berjalan lebih dari satu tahun dan manfaat program ini telah dirasakan oleh korban KDRT yang mendapat penanganan. Ditinjau dari anggaran menunjukan bahwa anggaran yang digunakan sudah teraudit dan dilakukan pencatatan dalam dokumen rencana kerja anggaran sehingga dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Kemudian ditinjau dari prosedur menunjukan bahwa dalam pelaksanaannya program peningkatan kualitas hidup dan perlindungan perempuan dijalankan sesuai standar operasional prosedur yang ada.
Tinjauan Normatif Penjualan BBM Subsidi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 Tentang Minyak Dan Gas Bumi
Authors: Boy Muhammad Putra  , Ardiansah  , Bagio Kadaryanto
Published: April 2021

Dalam perkembangannya pendistribusian minyak bersubsidi mengalami kelangkaan. Sementara mayoritas industri yang ada di masyarakat banyak mempergunakan BBM. Misalkan, kebijakan Subsidi BBM jenis solar kepada masyarakat menurut banyak kalangan merupakan hal yang dilematis. Disatu sisi masyarakat membutuhkannya namun subsidi justru menguntungkan industry besar yang masih menggunakan BBM jenis solar. Di tengah kondisi sulit yang di hadapi oleh Pemerintah, akibat semakin meningkatnya permintaan BBM Bersubsidi dan naiknya harga BBM di pasar dunia, ada pihak-pihak tertentu baik perseorangan maupun korporasi yang melakukan perbuatan tidak bertanggung jawab berupa: pengoplosan, penimbunan, penyelundupan, pengangkutan dan penjualan kepada industri BBM Bersubsidi. Penelitian ini melihat menganalisis tinjauan normative terhadap penjualan BBM Subsidi dan menganalisis system pengawasan penyelewengan penjualan BBM Subsidi kepada industri yang dilakukan SPBU berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak Dan Gas Bumi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, dengan melakukan tinjauan yang bersifat normative terhadap penjualan BBM Subsidi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2001. Sumber data berasal dari data sekunder, primer dan bahan Hukum Tertier. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik studi documenter/studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian mendapati dalam UU No. 22 tahun 2001 telah termuat konsep penyelenggaraan kegiatan usaha migas, konsep penguasaan kemigasan, konsep penyediaan dan pemanfaatan kemigasan, konsep pengusahaan kemigasan dan konsep kelembagaan kemigasan.  Sedangkan untuk implementasinya di Indonesia, penyediaan dan Pemanfaataan Gas Bumi dilaksanakan melalui berbagai aturan hukum yang telah ada
Informal Learning about Teaching among Novice University Professors
Authors: Encinar-Prat Laia , Gairín Sallán Joaquín
Published: April 2021

In this article, we present results of a study on informal learning about teaching among novice university professors at one university in Spain. The study identified teaching competencies developed through informal learning, strategies of informal learning used, and organizational factors that might foster or hinder the acquisition of teaching competencies. We gathered data through 18 individual interviews with novice university faculty, two focus groups with university professors, a document analysis and a focus group of experts. We conducted content analysis of the transcripts of the interviews and focus groups, as well as the documents obtained. The results showed that the competencies most often acquired from informal learning are interpersonal skills, methodologies, planning and content mastery. They are primarily acquired through strategies such as peer interaction and experimentation in practice. The main support for informal learning is the organizational climate, while the main barriers are organizational culture and training policy. The research contributes to understand the phenomenon of informal learning about teaching by novice professors, which is a topic not covered widely at the level of Higher Education.
A Need to Continue Healing: Report of Findings From an Autoethnographic Study
Authors: Culkin David
Published: April 2021

This article reviews the design and findings of an autoethnographic study on identity development over time. The researcher wanted to know how an adult can make meaning from and develop through experiences of mental illness, spiritual awareness, and death. The purpose of this autoethnographic bildungsroman was to explore how a male in the general population describes how life events have influenced his identity development over a period of 23 years, spanning three decades. The author, as the researcher-participant, asked two primary questions: (a) How does the individual describe his adult development in terms of life events or “individual and cultural episodes” (Smith & Taylor, 2010, p. 52) related to mental illness, spiritual awareness, and death over time? and (b) How does the individual describe his possible selves in constructing a new sense of identity? The author explored the spaces between academic analysis and his personal narrative experiences by alternating between third and first-person perspectives. Addressing the research questions in this manner contributed to the literature of adult and continuing education by providing a glimpse into stories of lived experiences over time in the light of adult development. Synopsizing these findings makes them more accessible to general readers interested in adult development over a life span, to those challenged by mental illness, and to spiritual pilgrims.
Impact of Organizational Culture and Perceived Process Safety in the UAE Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Al Mazrouei Mohamed , Khalid Khalizani , Davidson Ross , Abdallah Salam
Published: April 2021

In the last few decades, there had been a lot of accidents in the oil and gas industry throughout the world. This article reports a qualitative study of 30 employees employed in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) oil and gas industry. Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) culture is a concept which was studied in many researches. However, this research is set to examine how certain behaviors affect the safety performance in UAE’s oil and gas industry. Four core themes that were drawn from the interviewee discussions of how safety culture, leadership safety behaviors, supervisory safety behaviors, and employee training on safety affect the employee’s performance on safety. The emergent narratives on the safety culture showed that an employee was likely to perceive safety in the organization favorably if s/he believed that his/her role in ensuring process safety was critical. Moreover, results pertaining to supervisory safety culture showed that the safety culture promoted by a supervisor within his/her role often set the standard for his/her subordinates constituted the benchmark against which all his/her subordinates rated their own idea and practice of safety culture. In addition, the findings confirm the important role played by safety leadership, which entails leader-follower interactions where the former influences the achievement of safety goals. Lastly, it was emphasized that safety training stimulated employees with negative or indifferent attitudes towards safety to be more actively engaged in safety matters in the organization.
This Is My Neighborhood: An Exploration of Culturally Relevant Agency to Support High School Latinx Students in an Urban Career Academy
Authors: Fletcher Edward , Hernandez-Gantes Victor , Smith Chrystal
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives and strategies internal and external stakeholders used to support students in a career academy serving a predominately Latinx community. Within this case study, the principal of the school was Latinx, grew up within the same community as the school, and therefore shared the same culture as his students. Thus, we wondered how effective the principal would be in overcoming the cultural, political, and social barriers of students in the predominately Latinx school. We found the school leaders had a heightened awareness of organizational, cultural, and political complexities because of their own personal investment as well as their lived experiences of living and growing up in the community. The identities of the school leaders, then, led to a collective sense of agency and transformational leadership practices that facilitated a change in the grim situations and prospects of their students, and motivated them to become role models and community leaders providing resources and supports to ensure the high academic performance of students in the academy. However, we also realized that cultural understanding may sometimes lead to parochial views on what is best for students, leading to practices that prevent the exploration of student options beyond high school.
Portfoliodiversifikation: Der Einfluss von Herdenverhalten, Status-quo-Verzerrung und Spielerirrtum
Authors: Filiz Ibrahim , Nahmer Thomas , Spiwoks Markus , Bizer Kilian
Published: April 2021

In dieser experimentellen Studie wird betrachtet, welchen Einfluss Herdenverhalten (Orientierung an der Mehrheit der Mitspieler oder Orientierung am erfolgreichsten Mitspieler (Guru), die Status-quo-Verzerrung und der Spielerirrtum auf das Diversifikationsverhalten haben. Dabei zeigt sich, dass weder Herdenverhalten noch Status-quo-Verzerrungen einen nennenswerten Beitrag zur Erklärung von nicht-optimalen Portfolioentscheidungen liefern. Der Spielerirrtum hingegen wird bei Portfolioentscheidungen wirksam. Viele Probanden bemühen sich, in der Historie von Zufallsereignissen Muster zu erkennen und Rückschlüsse auf künftige Zufallsereignisse zu ziehen. Der Spielerirrtum trägt wesentlich dazu bei, dass die optimale Portfoliozusammensetzung nur in 37,7% aller Entscheidungen Berücksichtigung findet.
Messung der Risikoneigung
Authors: Filiz Ibrahim , Nahmer Thomas , Spiwoks Markus , Gubaydullina Zulia
Published: April 2021

Bisherige Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Risikoneigung (risikoavers, risikoneutral oder risikoliebend) weisen einige Schwächen auf. Sie sind zum Teil so komplex und anspruchsvoll, dass man von den Probanden häufig spontane, unüberlegte Antworten erhält. Dadurch kann die tatsächliche Risikoneigung häufig nicht zutreffend ermittelt werden. Darüber hinaus gibt es bei diesen Verfahren Konstellationen, in denen keine eindeutige Zuordnung zu den drei Kategorien der Risikoneigung möglich ist. Außerdem wird bei den bisherigen Ansätzen die Verlustaversion als wichtiger Einfluss auf die Risikoneigung nicht oder nicht ausreichend berücksichtigt. Wir schlagen ein neues Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Risikoneigung vor, das (1) extrem einfach und überschaubar ist, das (2) eine eindeutige Unterscheidung von risikoaversen, risikoneutralen und risikoliebenden Wirtschaftssubjekten erlaubt und das (3) den Einfluss der Verlust-aversion auf die Risikoneigung angemessen berücksichtigt.
Emotionen und Risikoexponierung: Der Einfluss positiver und negativer Affekte auf Portfolioentscheidungen
Authors: Filiz Ibrahim
Published: April 2021

Diese experimentelle Untersuchung wendet sich der Frage zu, ob positive und negative Affekte einen Einfluss auf das Diversifikationsverhalten haben. Dabei zeigt sich, dass nur ein kleiner Teil der Probanden dem Rationalkalkül folgt und stets das optimale Portfolio wählt. Ferner zeigt sich, dass die Stimmungs-lage der Wirtschaftssubjekte einen Einfluss auf ihre Portfolioentscheidungen und somit auch auf ihre Risikoexponierung hat. Das durchschnittliche Risiko der Portfolios – gemessen an der Standardabweichung der Renditen – fällt im Treatment „Neutral“ deutlich niedriger aus als im Treatment „Positiv“ und im Treatment „Negativ“.
Die Investition in Fine Wine unter Diversifikations- und Kostengesichtspunkten
Authors: Nahmer Thomas
Published: April 2021

Dieses Papier untersucht die Sinnhaftigkeit von Fine Wine als Alternatives Investment unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kosten eines Fine Wine Investments. Ist Fine Wine zur weiteren Diversifizierung und damit zur Verbesserung des Risikio-Return-Profils von global in Aktien und Anleihen investierenden Portfolios geeignet? Die Analyse erfolgt in einem ersten Schritt auf Indexbasis und in einem zweiten Schritt auf Basis von realen Investitions-möglichkeiten. Die Referenzwährungen sind der US-Dollar und der Euro. Für die Indexbetrachtung werden auf der Aktienseite der MSCI-World-Index und für die Anleihen der JPM-World-Government-Bond-Index verwendet. Bei den Daten für die Investition in Fine Wine liegt der Fokus auf dem Liv-ex-50-Index der im Jahre 1999 gegründeten Londoner Weinbörse Liv-ex. Bei der realen Investition werden für die Datenanalyse bei Aktien und Anleihen Indexfonds verwendet. Da es für die Investition in Fine Wine keinen Indexfonds gibt, wird der Liv-ex-50-Index inklusive aller Kosten einer realen Investition berechnet. Es werden verschiedene Portfoliozusammensetzungen verglichen. Zum einen wird ein Portfolio aus 50% Aktien und 50% Anleihen einem Portfolio aus 45% Aktien, 45% Anleihen und 10% Fine Wine gegenübergestellt. Zum an-deren wird ein Portfolio aus 25% Aktien und 75% Anleihen gegen ein Portfolio aus 20% Aktien, 70% Anleihen und 10% Fine Wine gemessen. Als Vergleichsmaßstab werden die annualisierte Rendite, die Standardabweichung sowie das Sharpe-Ratio der jeweiligen Portfolios berechnet. Die Ergebnisse für die genannten Zeiträume sind ernüchternd. Die Beimischung von Fine Wine führt auf Indexebene lediglich zu einer leichten Verbesserung der annualisierten Rendite aber zu einer markanten Erhöhung des Risi-kos. Bei der Betrachtung der realen Investition kommen die hohen Kosten eines Investments in Fine Wine zum Tragen. Die annualisierte Rendite ist im Vergleich zu den Portfolios ohne Beimischung von Fine Wine niedriger bei gleichzeitig höheren Risikowerten. Lediglich bei der Betrachtung auf Indexbasis in Euro kann bei einem Portfolio eine leichte Verbesserung der Sharpe-Ratio verzeichnet werden. Bei der Betrachtung nach Kosten führt in allen Fällen die Beimischung von Fine Wine zu einer Verschlechterung der Sharpe-Ratios.
Wachstum und ökologischer Fußabdruck – Zum Zielkonflikt zwischen wirtschaftlicher Prosperität und Umweltverbrauch einschließlich möglicher Lösungskonzepte
Authors: Döring Thomas
Published: April 2021

Das weltweit vorherrschende Entwicklungsmodell in Form eines kontinuierlichen Wirtschaftswachstums steht in der Kritik – dies nicht allein, aber vor allem auch wegen seiner ökologisch negativen Auswirkungen.1 Die Kritik am Wachstumsparadigma ist jedoch keineswegs neu, vielmehr gibt es sie fast schon so lange wie das Wirtschaftswachstum selbst.2 Mit Blick auf die zurück-liegenden 50 Jahre führte vor allem der erste Bericht an den Club of Rome (Meadows et al. 1972) zu einer breiteren gesellschaftlichen Diskussion um die „Grenzen des Wachstums“ auf einem Planeten mit endlichen natürlichen Res-sourcen. Die wachstumskritischen Beiträge der jüngeren Vergangenheit knüpfen daran an, erweitern die frühe Diskussion unter Schlagworten wie „Post-wachstum“, „Green Growth“ oder „De-Growth“ jedoch zugleich um neue Perspektiven der Kritik, aber auch denkbare Lösungen des Konflikts zwischen Wachstum und Umweltschutz.3 Zwar sind Zielkonflikte und damit einhergehende Opportunitätskosten als solches aus ökonomischer Sicht keine Besonderheit. Die Brisanz des Konflikts zwischen Wirtschaftswachstum und Um-weltverbrauch kann jedoch in der mittlerweile erreichten Eingriffsintensität ökonomischen Handelns in die natürlichen Regelkreisläufe gesehen werden, die den Fortbestand der menschlichen Zivilisation selbst gefährden könnte. Vor dem Hintergrund dieses in den zurückliegenden Ausführungen sich aus-drückenden Konflikts zwischen Wirtschaftswachstum und Umwelt(-schutz) geht der vorliegende Beitrag zunächst der Frage nach, wie sich dieser Zielkonflikt aus ökonomischer Sicht sowohl inhaltlich als auch institutionell näher bestimmen lässt (Kapitel 2). Dies schließt auch eine Betrachtung mit ein, wie sich das Verhältnis von Wachstum und Umwelt im Verlauf des wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungsprozesses und damit in der zeitlichen Dimension gestaltet, wie dies den Überlegungen zur „Umwelt-Kuznets-Hypothese“ zugrunde liegt. Daran anschließend werden verschiedene Ansätze vorgestellt, die unterschiedliche Reformmaßnahmen zur „Entschärfung“ der Beziehung zwischen Wirtschaftswachstum und Umweltverbrauch zum Gegenstand haben (Kapitel 3). Diese lassen sich grob danach differenzieren, ob (1) der Zielkonflikt als nur einseitig zulasten des Wachstumsziels lösbar eingestuft wird (De-Growth- bzw. Postwachstums-Ansätze), (2) ein schonender Umgang mit natürlichen Ressourcen als nur durch eine grundlegende ethische Neuausrichtung der Marktwirtschaft realisierbar gilt (Ansatz der Gemeinwohlökonomie) oder (3) von der Möglichkeit einer weitgehenden Entkoppelung von Wirtschaftswachstum und Umweltverbrauch (Ansätze des „Green Growth“) ausgegangen wird. Der Beitrag endet mit der Ableitung ordnungspolitischer Schlussfolgerungen, die als wichtige Bausteine einer Lösung des Zielkonflikts zwischen Wachstum und Umwelt zu verstehen sind (Kapitel 4).
DIFICULDADES E PERSPECTIVAS DO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA ESPANHOLA DENTRO DO CONTEXTO DA ESCOLA PROFESSOR JOSÉ GONÇALVES DE QUEIROZ
Authors: Almeida Marconi da Silva , Silva Ana Caroline Pereira da
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho surgiu de uma curiosidade que tivemos em saber quais as dificuldades e perspectivas do ensino de língua espanhola dentro do contexto da escola professor José Gonçalves de Queiroz na cidade de Sumé. É um estudo de caso que objetivou investigar, por meio da aplicação de dois questionários com perguntas objetivas e subjetivas, quais dificuldades e perspectivas que esses professores e alunos vivenciam em suas aulas de espanhol. Para analisar os dados e tomou-se por base os estudos de Cruz (2010), França (2017), Hauschild (2011), Santos (2013) e Viegas (2018), dentre outros os quais refletiram sobre a temática apresentada. O trabalho propõe-se a contribuir no sentido de refletir em como anda o ensino de espanhol diante do professor e dos alunos, no contexto do Ensino Médio e da escola pública.

 

Palavras-chave: Ensino do Espanhol; Dificuldades; Perspectivas.
Single and Double Drop Impingement on a Heated Plate CFD and Experimental Investigation
Authors:   Master. student, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq., Namaa Ruaa Basim
Published: April 2021

A drop impingement on a hot surface is known as an effective way for heat removal. The present work uses a VOF (volume of fluid) model to simulate the flow behavior and temperature distribution on a 50 °C heated plate while relatively cold water drop is impinging. The temperature distribution at the impingement zone is used to examine the transient heat transfer coefficients using a single drop and double drops conditions. The spreading factor is tested in both cases. A test rig is built to verify the temperature distribution and a heat balance method is introduced to find the experimental heat coefficients on the heated. The CFD solution and its flow results gives a good agreement for single drop previous results. The results for the double drop condition show a high tendency for rebound and splash of the drop leaving the central zone without water drop coverage which way causes a burn out in case of high heat fluxes. The single drop condition show a symmetrical temperature and heat transfer coefficients distribution while the double drop impingement gives lower value of coefficients with non-uniform and unsymmetrical distribution specially at the bigger drop to plate distances. The experimental average heat coefficients gives relatively low error of only 5% in case of double drop when compared to the single drop values.
The role of acknowledgment in the psychosocial recovery of young adults in disaster events
Authors: Jan Forbes Rouve , Williams Julie
Published: April 2021

In 2009, 4 major bushfires destroyed vast areas of Gippsland in eastern Victoria including the areas around Delburn, Bunyip, Churchill and Wilsons Promontory. These are collectively known as the 2009 Gippsland bushfires. Research was conducted to investigate the psychosocial recovery of young adults in these areas. Twenty young adults participated in the study and, while these young adults are not an homogenous group, commonalities were identified across their stories. Asked what would have helped their recovery, the participants all said that acknowledgment of their personal and age-specific needs was the single most important factor that enabled or impeded recovery. This paper describes some of their stories. The paper looks at how participants viewed acknowledgment and the effects of its absence on their psychosocial recovery and how they felt unacknowledged in local recovery supports. The paper reports on the findings of this research and suggests an approach for management and longer-term recovery support that is inclusive of the specific needs of young adults.
Design and sorting of an object identification on machine vision by using line scan camera
Authors: M. Mosa Zeravan , Akin Erhan
Published: April 2021

This paper illustrates the design of a system to identify objects on a conveyor belt using machine vision. In the present study, a machine vision based on one line scan sorting was developed, the purpose being to sort objects based on various stages of maturity. Many different methods are available for object identification. But we made design a system that separates and counting them. Different objects placed on the conveyor belt moves along, a camera placed above the belt takes real-time video and feeds it to the MATLAB software for processing the object to compare with the basic template object. The vision camera understands an object based on its physical attributes, such as shape and size for effectively controlling the hardware, which will use in this work. Besides, the number of objects of a particular section that cross the conveyor to demonstrate the identification of moving objects is counted and displayed. A low-speed conveyor belt is manufactured with various test objects that pass through it. For identifying a good object, the wavelength data is used, determining the way to match the geometric patterns and to identify the dimensions, and edge detection is applied. The ability to count specific attributes objects is testing different test paths. The sorting of objects using machine vision was performed using an algorithm of pattern matching of machine vision. A pattern image template was built and stored in a computer's memory. When the object is sorting the application run, the camera receives the image of the object into MATLAB. The vision application investigates the image and transfers it to the classifier if the received image matches the model image or not matches.
EL RÉGIMEN JURÍDICO DEL PROFESORADO CONTRATADO EN EL SISTEMA UNIVERSITARIO PÚBLICO
Authors: CAPODIFERRO CUBERO DANIEL
Published: April 2021

El régimen jurídico del profesorado universitario contratado en el sistema español es una materia compleja que se articula a partir de disposiciones de rango estatal y autonómico que abarcan tanto la determinación de las figuras y condiciones mediante las que los investigadores prestarán sus servicios en las Universidades como los requisitos de acceso a las mismas, entre los que reviste especial importancia todo lo relativo a los procedimientos de evaluación previa. Para ello la LOU, como norma básica, es desarrollada por diversas disposiciones autonómicas cuyas previsiones, aunque respondan a la materialización de políticas propias de la Comunidad Autónoma en relación a su sistema universitario, pueden, en ocasiones, no resultar ajustadas a lo preceptuado por la normativa estatal. El objetivo del trabajo es hacer un recorrido por el contenido de todas estas disposiciones y valorar su encaje a partir de las reglas competenciales aplicables.

Espainiako unibertsitate-sisteman kontratatutako irakasleen araubide juridikoa gai konplexua da. Gai hori arautzen duten Estatuko eta autonomia erkidegoetako xedapenek zenbait gai erregulatzen dituzte: unibertsitateetan lan egiterakoan ikertzaileek izango dituzten figurak eta baldintzak zehaztea eta postuak lortzeko baldintzak ezartzea. Azken horien artean bereziki garrantzitsuak dira aurretiko ebaluazioarekin lotura duten gai guztiak. Hori guztia egiteko autonomia-erkidegoek oinarrizko araua den Unibertsitateen Legea garatu dute zenbait araurekin. Horien xedapenek autonomia-erkidego bakoitzaren unibertsitate-
arloko politikak aurrera eramateko eginak daude, baina zenbaitetan ez datoz bat Estatuko araudiak xedatutakoarekin. Lan honen helburua da xedapen horiek guztiak aztertzea eta Estatuko legearekin bat egiten duten baloratzea, aplikagarriak diren eskumen-arloko arauak kontuan hartuta.

the legal framework of hired teaching and research staff in Spanish Universities is a complex matter, developed by national and regional regulations which cover both the definitions and conditions of contractual figures that can be filled by researches in public Universities and their requirements for access, including particularly important issues related to quality assessment procedures. The state-wide Law of Universities is developed by various regional provisions whose content, even if they realize the higher education Autonomous Region¿s own policies, can sometimes not be adjusted to the basic state regulations. The aim of this paper is to depict the content of all these provisions and to assess their adequacy with reference to the applicable rules about distribution of powers.
Social Science Research in The University: An Examination of the Views of Harry Cassidy and Harold Innis
Authors: Irving Allan
Published: April 2021

Harry Cassidy and Harold Innis, both of the University of Toronto, and both notable Canadian academics, became well known in their respective fields: Cassidy in social welfare and Innis in economic history. This article examines their quite individual approaches to university social science research during the 1940's. Cassidy's orientation was pragmatic and motivated by a Fabian outlook that a carefully laid foundation of facts was necessary in the process of social reform and for the development of progressive social welfare policies. Innis's approach to social science research was much more speculative and historical. It was his contention that long-range social science research carried out by universities could contribute to the restoration of a declining Western civilization. Since he never fully developed his position on research, this account is a synthesis based on his essays. This article, based on material in the University of Toronto Archives, reviews Cassidy's attempts during the forties to have an Institute for Research established at the University of Toronto, which would conduct research into problems of social security in Canada. Some current concerns regarding social science research in the university are discussed in the conclusion.
A Sucessful Academic Upgrading Programme Follow-up Over Five Semesters
Authors: Sullivan Arthur M. , Wilson Paul
Published: April 2021

This paper describes a programme which attempted to upgrade prospects of students entering Memorial University of Newfoundland Regional College in Corner Brook in September of 1976. The elements of the programme are described and results are presented which compare the academic performance of marginal students who parti- cipated in the programme with that of those marginal students who did not. The students were followed up for over a further four academic semesters and their academic results were compared at the end of each semester. The results demonstrate that except for a brief drop at the end of the second semester, the results of the students who participated in the programme were clearly superior to that of those in the com- parison groups for each of the other semesters. The factors associated with these differ- ences and their implications for further academic upgrading programmes are discussed.
Post-Secondary Aspirations of High School Seniors from Different Social-Demographic Contexts
Authors: O’Neil G. Patrick
Published: April 2021

This study examines post-secondary aspirations of high school seniors from five different residential settings (rural farm, rural nonfarm, village, small-town, and large city) in the Regional Municipality of Durham (Durham Region), Ontario, Canada. A linear regression model sorts out simultaneous effects of the independent variable, residential locale, on the dependent variables, levels of educational and occupational aspiration, with relevant control factors held constant. Results indicate that differences between groups is minimal as residential locale accounts for only a small proportion of the variance in aspirational levels. Nevertheless, as a group, rural nonfarm students have the highest overall levels of post-secondary aspiration, small-town and city students have moderate levels of post- secondary aspiration, and rural farm and village students have the lowest overall levels of post-secondary aspiration. Two variables, in particular, account for most of the variance in the model, namely, parental expectations and peer group. In general, the findings contribute to a better understanding of factors which affect divergent levels of post- secondary aspiration among high school seniors in Durham Region and in areas which approximate Durham Region.
A Methodological Approach to Selective Cutbacks
Authors: Belanger Charles H. , Tremblay Lise
Published: April 2021

At times - when budget must be severely reduced on short notice and when sensible decisions must arise from complex situations - planners have to work out simple but reliable measures of resource allocation and reduction. This paper recognizes the need for applied research in this area and proposes a budget reduction formula that has the advantage of relating financial planning to program evaluation, faculty resources, and activity levels of departmental units. The tool developed is flexible, as it can be manipulated without endangering its basic assumptions to describe best each unit's intrinsic characteristics. Furthermore, its redistributive effects can be readily measured and made to respond to institutional priorities.
A Regression Discontinuity Analysis of a Remedial Education Programme
Authors: Ross Abraham S. , Lacey Beth
Published: April 2021

To demonstrate the usefulness of programme evaluation within the university a regression discontinuity design was used to assess the impact of a remedial education programme. Using multiple regression and analysis ofcovariance, credit course grades of students who had been enrolled in the remedial programmes were compared to the credit course grades of non-remedial students. The results indicated that the remedial programmes were not improving performance above what would have been expected based on high school marks.
The Changing Profile of Full-Time Faculty at Canadian Universities
Authors: Von Zur-Muehlen Max
Published: April 2021

Canadian universities underwent a remarkable expansion from the late sixties until the mid-seventies. However, they are entering the eighties on an uncertain note, due to financial restraints imposed by governments, the sudden growth in university enrolment and the shift to professionally oriented programs. These developments have had an impact on the socio-economic characteristics of the 33,000 full-time university teachers: their age, sex, academic rank, salary, citizenship, and qualifications. Especially uncertain is the demand for new faculty in this decade and the implications for the health of Canadian universities. This statistical series documents the changes which are occurring in the demand and supply patterns of doctoral recipients from Canadian universities with the purpose of providing a statistical base from which policy analyses could be developed.
The Determinants of Postsecondary Enrolment Rates in Ontario
Authors: Foot David K. , Pervin Barry
Published: April 2021

This paper examines the determinants of postsecondary enrolment rates in Ontario in the context of economic theories of educational demand. The traditional consumption and investment theories are found to provide significant determinants of observed enrolment rates, especially for universities. Community college enrolments appear to be more income sensitive than university enrolments and, within the university student body, graduate enrolments appear to be more price sensitive than undergraduate enrolments. In addition, an indicator of cohort size is shown to have a depressing effect on enrolment rates. No significant effects of "competition" between universities and community colleges are discerned. The results are used to account for the stabilization in postsecondary enrolment rates in Ontario over the 1970s and to provide insights into likely future developments. Illustrative calculations suggest that, on average, enrolment rates in postsecondary institutions are likely to increase over the 1980s, primarily as a result of increasing per capita incomes and declining cohort sizes. Consequently, the often anticipated decline in postsecondary enrolments is unlikely to materialize and public policies towards postsecondary institutions, especially universities, must be careful to incorporate this information.
Book review of "History of Academic Psychology in Canada"
Authors: Pilkington Gwendoline
Published: April 2021

No abstract
University Enrolment in Canada 1951-83 and Beyond
Authors: Vanderkamp John
Published: April 2021

Canadian university enrolment has increased dramatically over the last three decades. This paper discusses the time pattern of university participation rates and the variations across provinces in the light of economic analysis. A number of potentially important factors are examined. While cost factors, tuition fees and student aid, have changed significantly, it. is argued that their quantitative impact is unlikely to account for a major part of the enrolment increase. Because university enrolment leads to additions to the stock of educated labour the paper analyzes the relations between stocks and flows. It is concluded that continuing participation rates at recent levels are only compatible with fairly rapid growth in the stock demand for highly educated labour over the next half century. The rise in community colleges since the late sixties presents a complicated factor, in part because in some provinces these colleges provide university transfer programs. It is likely that the slow-down in university participation rates during the seventies is at least in part attributable to the growth of the college system as a 'competitive' alternative. It is also argued that the increase in the size of the youth cohort contributed to this slow-down. Despite the conventional wisdom, the impact of unemployment on university enrolment rates is not easy to detect.
De la situation particulière des professeurs d'administration en contexte universitaire
Authors: Fabi Bruno , Jacob Real
Published: April 2021

La présente analyse concerne un groupe vivant une situation particulière à l'intérieur du corps professoral universitaire: les professeurs d'administration ou de gestion. La pénurie de ressources doctorales, l'affluence de la clientèle étudiante, les sollicitations de services à la collectivité que l'Université fournit au milieu socio-économique constituent des caractéristiques du vécu professionnel du professeur d'administration. S'ajoutent à cela les exigences de l'appareil universitaire en termes de recherche et d'administration pédagogique, exigences qui ne sont pas nécessairement compatibles avec les caractéristiques particulières des nombreuses disciplines constituant une unité d'appartenance en administration. Devant ces multiples, et souvent incompatibles sollicitations, on assiste à une forme de polarisation autour des pôles vocationnel ou académique, polarisation qui provoque chez certains professeurs un sentiment d'iniquité face à des politiques de gestion qui ne semblent pas tenir compte des particularités de ce groupe de professeurs. Certains des éléments caractérisant la situation de ces derniers peuvent probablement s'appliquer, à différents degrés, à d'autres groupes du corps professoral universitaire notamment ceux oeuvant dans des disciplines à vocation professionnelle comme l'ingénierie, l'informatique ou la médecine. On suggère en tout cas que /'hétérogénéité du corps professoral universitaire se prête mal à des politiques de gestion uniformes qui risquent de maintenir certains dysfonctionnements actuellement observables dans les milieux universitaires.
Programme Structure and Academic Freedom: An Analysis of the "New Programme" in Architecture at the University of Toronto 1968-1983
Authors: Eastman Julia Antonia
Published: April 2021

The degree of autonomy available to an individual professor depends upon the nature of the academic programme(s) to which he or she contributes. Some programmes communicate information to students by means of discrete classes, and leave to the students the task of integrating this information into a unified body of knowledge. Most undergraduate programmes in the liberal arts and sciences fall into this category. The primary mechanism for coordinating the teaching activity of faculty members is the curriculum: within its framework, professors enjoy substantial autonomy in the design and provision of their individual classes. In contrast, a second type of academic programme seeks to shape the way students understand and approach the world. Realization of this objective necessitates the development of extensive and complex mechanisms for communication and coordination, and constrains the autonomy of individual professors. The "New Programme" in architecture at the University of Toronto - although of this second type - was without mechanisms capable of producing concerted action and common standards. The problems which plagued the department of architecture for more than a decade and culminated in a recommendation for its closure, are traced to this failure.
Book review of "Canada's Community Colleges - A Critical Analysis"
Authors: Hook Richard
Published: April 2021

No abstract
Measuring the Intellectual Development of College Students: Testing a Theoretical Framework
Authors: Bateman Dianne , Donald Janet G.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research was to test the ability of Perry's scheme of intellectual development to measure the intellectual development of college students. Perry's scheme postulates four broad levels of intellectual development in the college years - dualism, multiplicity, relativity and commitment. A questionnaire was developedfrom items used in the research literature to describe thefour levels and was administered to second and fourth semester college students. Ten college instructors also participated. To test the construct validity of Perry's scheme, different items representing a stage were examined for convergence, while the sets of items representing different stages were examined for divergence. The empirical validity of Perry's scheme was tested by examining student responses in relation to student time in college, cumulative average and gender. The results suggest that rather than stages of development, there are two possible levels or general positions that students take toward knowledge. The first is that knowledge consists of facts and data, and that professors should supply them. The second is that knowledge is a quest in which students have responsibility for their own learning, and are expected to be able to judge the validity of arguments and to identify and defend their own point of view. More successful students had a greater tendency to adopt the second position, but the majority of the students were in agreement with statements describing the second position.
Faculty Unionization and Salary Differentials in Ontario Universities
Authors: Skolnik Michael L. , Woodford Geraldine
Published: April 2021

This paper explores the impact of unionization on salary differentials among Ontario universities by comparing the trends in average salaries between those institutions which have certified bargaining units and those which do not. The principal time period considered is from 1975, when the first Ontario university became certified, to 1983, three years after the most recent faculty association to become certified did so. The age-adjusted average salary increase for the unionized institutions was found to be only about two per cent greater than for the nonunionized group. As well, other data presented led to the conclusion that unionization has not had a significant impact upon relative salary structures in Ontario universities. This conclusion is qualified by noting that certification may not be an effective indicator of unionization, that the presence of unions in some universities may have influenced the salary behaviour of the nonunionized institutions, and that the potential influence of faculty unions was constrained by wage controls and funding limits during the period under investigation.
Canada Council's Killam Research Fellowships: Distribution of Awards 1968-84
Authors: Chadwick-Jones John K. , Carceller A. , Vaisey Douglas
Published: April 2021

An analysis of the distribution of Killam Research Fellowships awarded by Canada Council over a seventeen-year period reveals a pattern which is examined in relation to the distribution of applications from universities. The existing situation is discussed with reference to previous studies of peer review systems and to implications for Canadian research. Encouragement of increased participation across Canada is suggested as one possible concern for Canada Council policy.
Social Facts, Moral Regulation and Statistical Jurisdiction: A Critical Evaluation of Canadian Census Figures on Education
Authors: Shamai Shmuel , Corrigan Philip R. D.
Published: April 2021

After a brief general consideration of the census, state-formation and moral regulation, together with the use and abuse of this form of 'numbering the people', two major illustrative examples are provided which expose the problematic nature of seemingly objective censal data: illiteracy and ethnicity in the Canadian Censuses of 1921 and 1981 particularly. The bulk of the paper consists of an examination of the trends in ethnicity and gender in relation to varying measures of educational achievement in the Canadian Census 1921 through 1981. The summarised findings are that two of the three founding peoples' ('British' and 'French') are located in the middle range, whilst the third ('Native peoples') is located at the bottom; all other ethnic groups are more polarised. This is a consistent pattern across the sixty years surveyed, although it is often (in popular and academic writing) treated as a 'new phenomenon'. With regard to gender, the paper qualifies the popular myth that the education system is now less gender ascriptive than it was previously: wherever females have been better than males, the males have tended to close the gap or even reverse the situation; wherever males have been better than females, the gap has closed slowly, if at all. This confirms the recent study by Pineo and Goyder, based on the 1981 census alone, that "the Canadian educational system acts more ascriptively upon women than on men." For all the problems of Census data, the article argues that it can be used to discern aggregate trends over time which qualify many contemporary myths.
Le financement corporatif de la recherche universitaire
Authors: LeClerc Michel
Published: April 2021

L'évaluation du niveau du financement privé de la recherche universitaire met en cause des sources statistiques incompatibles mais tout autant /' ambiguïté même de l'objet dans la mesure où ces statistiques incluent un financement parapublic. Les stàtistiques sur le financement privé regroupent indifféremment les revenus d'entreprises et les revenus de sociétés d'État; à l'inverse, celles sur le finance- ment corporatif les distinguent. Les données relatives au Québec permettent d'observer que le déclin du financement corporatif est imputable non pas au secteur privé, dont le niveau de dépenses est demeuré pratiquement stationnaire entre 1980 et 1985, mais aux secteurs publics et parapublics, dont l'aide financière, en proportion du finance- ment corporatif global, a chuté de moitié au cours de cette période. On constate aussi que la structure dufinancement corporatif épouse la division linguistique de l'enseignement supérieur. Ainsi les universités francophones dépendent-elles davantage des fonds versés par les sociétés d'État que leurs consoeurs anglophones. L'intensité des liaisons université-entreprise, telle que mesurée par les indicateurs de performance, estfortement conditionnée par la différenciation linguistique