bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Обеспечение информационной безопасности как гарантия прав человека
Authors: Туликов Алексей
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме соотношения информационной безопасности и прав человека. В России понятие «информационная безопасность», как правило, раскрывается через «состояние защищенности жизненно важных интересов личности, общества и государства». В США и Европейском Союзе определение «информационная безопасность» связывается с правовыми принципами конфиденциальности, целостности и доступности информации и информационных систем. Реализация данных принципов позволяет обеспечить баланс интересов различных участников правоотношений, выступая, таким образом, гарантией прав человека. Влияние современных технологий проявляется прежде всего в сфере личных прав, среди которых особое место занимает право на неприкосновенность частной жизни. С одной стороны, в качестве гарантий права на неприкосновенность частной жизни выступают меры, непосредственно направленные на защиту данного права. С другой стороны, при установлении ограничений права на неприкосновенность частной жизни соответствующие гарантии должны предупреждать возможные злоупотребления. В дополнение к принципам конфиденциальности, целостности и доступности выработаны специальные правовые принципы защиты права на неприкосновенность частной жизни. Основными механизмами защиты права на неприкосновенность частной жизни, которые находят выражение в данных принципах, являются согласие субъекта персональных данных на обработку персональных данных и его уведомление о такой обработке. В то же время с развитием интернет-технологий данные механизмы оказываются недостаточными для соблюдения права человека на неприкосновенность частной жизни. Развитие гарантий данного права осуществляется путем создания дополнительных механизмов защиты конфиденциальности, которые выражены в предъявлении специфических требований в сфере сбора и обработки личной информации. Совершенствование технологий также приводит к появлению новых угроз национальной безопасности и информационной безопасности государства как одной из ее составляющих. Необходимость их защиты становится основанием для ограничения права на неприкосновенность частной жизни. Соразмерность ограничений целям их установления выступает гарантией прав человека и информационной безопасности личности. В государствах с демократическими правовыми режимами, как правило, установлен приоритет прав человека перед обеспечением национальной безопасности.
Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison of Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Curricula of Different Countries in the Context of Mathematical Literacy Skills
Authors: Çevik İrem , Kerkez Bilgen
Published: December 2024

In this qualitative study, written resources related to the curricula of the countries and 2022 PISA results were used to examine the learning outcomes in the mathematics curricula of different countries in quantitative and qualitative dimensions. In the quantitative dimension, other countries had higher PISA scores and rankings with fewer learning outcomes than Türkiye. In the qualitative dimension, it was observed that the outcomes were concentrated in the mathematical process of third mathematical literacy in Türkiye and Poland, and in the mathematical process of second mathematical literacy in Sweden and Denmark. Outcomes in Türkiye were found to be more complex and not evenly distributed across mathematical processes. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the mathematics learning outcomes should be reduced and distributed more evenly across the mathematical processes, and a renewed programme should be proposed to enable in-depth development of skills as well as knowledge.
Right to a Referendum, or Duty to Deliberate? Rethinking Normative Entitlements to Secession
Authors: Levy Ron
Published: December 2024

When should groups within a state be owed a process, such as a referendum, that can enable their secession or greater internal autonomy? Much of the prior normative literature has overlooked the constitutional theory context of this question. Autonomy movements raise a “constitutional legitimacy crisis” in which the core question is what a constitution’s normative foundations are or should be. Firm answers remain elusive. The parties tend to make selective and circular (“normative bootstrapping”) claims, which are neither sound nor practically persuasive to the other parties to a dispute. Thus this article, firstly, relies on the constitutional legitimacy crisis lens to explain why disputes over autonomy movements are largely intractable under existing approaches; and, secondly, identifies a promising species of solution to the problem. Departing from both “primary right” and “remedial right only” theories, the article endorses a duty to deliberate. This duty relies on deliberative democratic procedures (e.g., “mini-publics,” “deliberative referendums,” and “deliberative negotiation”), applied to autonomy movements’ various phases, to decide how and whether autonomy movements should progress. Such an approach may offer a sounder and more practically effective approach to resolving autonomy-related constitutional legitimacy crises.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Web 2.0 Araçlarıyla Dil Bilgisi Öğretimi
Authors: Uyar Musa Can , Tekin Eda
Published: December 2024

Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe dil bilgisi öğretiminde ders kitabı dışında materyallerin kısıtlılığı göze çarpmaktadır. Bundan dolayı ders kitabı dışında üretilen materyaller önem kazanmaktadır. Web 2.0 araçları gibi dijital kaynaklar, öğrencilere interaktif öğrenme deneyimleri sunarak dil bilgisini öğrenmeyi daha eğlenceli hâle getirmektedir. Bu araçlar, dil bilgisini pekiştiren oyunlar, çevrim içi dil öğrenme platformları ve uygulamaları gibi çeşitli pratik imkânları sunmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin ve materyal geliştiricilerin bu araçları etkili bir şekilde kullanarak ders materyallerini zenginleştirmesi, dil öğrenme sürecini desteklemekte ve çeşitlendirmektedir. Bu sayede, öğrencilerin dil becerilerini geliştirmeleri ve derinlemesine anlamaları daha kolay hâle gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, dil bilgisi öğretiminde ders kitabı ve Web 2.0 araçlarıyla gerçekleştirilen öğretim süreçlerinin öğrencilerin başarılarına etkisini incelemektir. Bu araştırmada, son test deney ve kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel yöntem tercih edilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi bünyesinde bulunan 2022-2023 öğretim yılında TÖMER’de yer alan B1 seviyesindeki öğrenciler oluşturmuştur. B1 düzeyinde bulunan dil sınıfları içerisinden tesadüfi olarak iki farklı sınıftan bir kontrol bir de deney grubu seçilmiştir. Deney grubuna Web 2.0 araçlarıyla dil bilgisi öğretimi yapılırken kontrol grubuna ders kitabıyla dil bilgisi öğretimi yapılmıştır. Deney ve kontrol gruplarına kur bitiminde son test yapılmıştır. Ek olarak deney grubu öğrencilerine 6 haftalık uygulamadan sonra 4 açık uçlu sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu uygulanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, Web 2.0 araçlarıyla dil bilgisi öğretimi yapılan deney grubunun başarısında, ders kitabıyla dil bilgisi öğretimi yapılan kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı farklılık olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Müzik Eğitiminde Doğaçlama Uygulamaları Bağlamında Yaklaşım ve Yöntemler
Authors: Çağlak Ayşe , Akpınar Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Birçok sanat dalında yer alan bir performans türü olan doğaçlama, öğrencilerin yaratıcılıklarını ve ifade yeteneklerini geliştirmesi, müzikal etkileşimlerini ve iletişimlerini güçlendirmesi, özgüveni arttırma ve problem çözme becerilerini geliştirmesi, takım ruhunu oluşturması ve öğrencilerin kendilerini etkili bir şekilde ifade etmelerine olanak sağlaması bakımından müzik eğitiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı müzik eğitiminde doğaçlama uygulamalarına yer veren yaklaşım ve yöntemleri ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın, doğaçlama uygulamaları doğrultusunda yaratıcılık becerileri başta olmak üzere öğrencilerin kendilerini özgün bir şekilde ifade etmelerinde, müzikal etkileşimlerini ve öz güvenlerini artırmalarında ve problem çözme becerilerini geliştirebilmelerinde etkili olduğu bilinen, müzik eğitimi yaklaşım ve yöntemlerine yer vermesi bakımından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca araştırma, müzik eğitiminde doğaçlama uygulamaları bağlamında yaklaşım ve yöntemlere ilişkin bilgi edinmek isteyen eğitimcilere yol göstermesi bakımından da önemli görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, betimsel araştırma yöntem ve tekniklerinin kullanıldığı nitel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmada, doküman inceleme yoluyla literatür taranmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, bahsi geçen bu yöntemlerin, öğrencilerin küçük yaşlarda benliklerinin farkına varmaları, kendilerini keşfetmeleri, yaratıcı becerilerini ve hayal dünyalarını geliştirmeleri, bilişsel, duyuşsal ve psikomotor boyutlarında hızlı ve etkili gelişim sağlamaları bakımından yararları kanıtlanmış ve kabul görmüş yöntemler olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Bu değerlendirme doğrultusunda ise, müzik eğitiminde bahsedilen yöntemlerden etkin biçimde yararlanılması ve en uygun öğretim yönteminin seçilmesi hususunda öğrencilerin yaş grubu, beklentileri, verilen eğitimin türü ve amacı gibi durumların göz önünde bulundurulması önerilmektedir.
Örgütsel Değişim ve Psikolojik Belirsizlik Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması
Authors: Özkul Ramazan , Atasoy Ramazan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan çalışanların örgütsel değişim ve belirsizlik durumlarını belirlemek üzere geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının Türkçeye uyarlanmasıdır. Araştırma verileri Malatya ilinde, 2023-2024 eğitim-öğretim yılında ortaokul ve lise öğretim düzeyindeki devlet okullarında görev yapan (AFA=155 ve DFA=150) toplam 305 öğretmenden elde edilmiştir. Örnekleme seçimi ve veri toplama süreçlerinde kolay ulaşılabilirlik yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Geçerlik çalışmaları kapsamında açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Güvenirlik çalışmaları ile ilgili Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlılık katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin dört boyut ve onüç maddeden oluşan bir yapıya sahip olduğu ve ölçekte yer alan maddelerin faktör yüklerinin “.744” ile “.872” arasında değer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin, toplam varyansı açıklama oranının % 71,76 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra ölçeğin dört faktörlü yapısı doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile test edilmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda elde edilen düzey 1 ve düzey 2 uyum indeksi değerleri sırasıyla (χ2/sd= 1.81 ve 1.80, RMSEA=0.075 ve 0.075, CFI=0.925 ve 0.923, TLI=0.901 ve 0.901, SRMR=0.067 ve 0.075) ölçeğin yapı geçerliğine sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Güvenirlik çalışmaları ile ilgili yapılan analizler sonucunda ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı tüm boyutlar için “.76 ve .85” aralığında hesaplanmıştır. Analizlerin sonucu, Örgütsel Değişim ve Psikolojik Belirsizlik (ÖDB) Ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğunu göstermektedir.
THE BEGINNING OF PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES AT THE IMPERIAL UNIVERSITY OF ST. VOLODYMYR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Predko D. Ye.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the main directions of first psychological studies at Saint Volodymyr Imperial University of Kyiv as they were included in the scientific and pedagogical work of the University lecturers. In their lectures and writings, the professors emphasized that answers to existential questions should be sought in the religious sphere, since religion allowed a person to expand the boundaries of his or her self and make a breakthrough into the realm of the Divine. Their psychological heritage draws attention to internal intentions, to emotional experiences as an individual’s inner reality, thanks to which his or her self is formed. Their works granted an independent status to the human mental world and examined its certain laws: comprehension of psychological ideas and concepts in a person’s life; studies on the peculiarities of religious consciousness, its significance and influence on human behavior and actions; comprehension of the issue of a soul and its essential characteristics; analysis of the issues of sleep and dreams. The University of St. Volodymyr employed specialists with a broad outlook. They were familiar with the then-time achievements in philosophy and carried out scientific research in psychological science actual for their time. Our study reconstructs the lecturers’ psychological achievements that combined both theological and religious-philosophical reflections of the then-time scientific and religious discourses. The lectures proposed several psychological ideas, concepts, perceptions, attitudes, and practices that played an important role in the formation of both the educational-scientific space of St. Volodymyr’s University and the national spiritual culture as a whole.
SOCIAL PERCEPTION IN THE CONTEXT OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S MENTALIZATION ABILITIES
Authors:   Ukrainian Catholic University, Lviv, Ukraine, Semkiv І. І. , Hertsa А. V.
Published: December 2024

Attribution formation is an inevitable mental phenomenon and a consequence of social perception. Іt serves as a source for constructing holistic judgments about people and relationships, especially in situations of information deficit, and at the same time, creates conditions for prejudices and perception errors. Personality traits of a perceiver, particularly, cognitive complexity and ability to self-regulate, are determined by his/ her mentalization abilities and may be related to the peculiarities of the first impression that he/she forms about another person. The ability to develop a higher level of mentalization is formed in early childhood and is determined by the quality of relationships with a main caregiver. At the same time, there is an innate automatic level of mentalization, which is based on reflex reactions and underlies social prejudices. This article presents the study on the nature of the relationship between the severity of bias and the development of mentalizing abilities. The studied group of perceivers (268 people aged 18 to 80 years, 67 men and 201 women) evaluated photographs of ten people (5 men and 5 women) and provided answers about their first impression of them. In addition, the development of perceivers’ mentalization was measured using the The Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ). The perceivers’ ability to regulate affect and their score on the scale of the psychic equivalence mode were related to their degree of bias in the attribution process. The more radical judgments a perceiver makes in the process of attribution, the lower is their ability to regulate affect. And on the contrary, the stronger bias resistance a perceiver is endowed with, the better they can regulate affect. The weaker a perceiver’s tendency is to be in the psychic equivalence mode, i.e., to perceive internal states as identical to external reality, the less likely the perceiver identifies the attractiveness of an observed person with the role of a superhero.
2001-2020 Yılları Arasında ABD’nin Güç Unsurlarının Değişimi ve Bu Değişimin Uluslararası Sistemin Yapısına Etkileri
Authors: Güntay Uçar Demet , Gülboy Burak Samih
Published: December 2024

Güç ve liderlik, çok katmanlı ve ilişkisel bir süreç olarak görülmelidir. Ancak, politik karar alıcılar genellikle gücü sahip olunan kaynaklar ve bunlarla elde edilebilecek sonuçlara indirgeme eğilimindedir. Bu tek boyutlu bakış açısı, baskı, kontrol ve tahakküm gibi sert güç unsurlarına dayalı bir güç anlayışı doğurmaktadır. Gücünü korumak veya artırmak isteyen bir aktörün, diğer aktörler üzerinde güç ve tahakküm kurma amacıyla sahip olduğu güç unsurlarına yüklenmesi, “güç yorgunluğu” olarak adlandırılabilecek bir duruma yol açabilmektedir. Güç yorgunluğu, başat aktörün çözüm üretme kapasitesini sınırlayarak birim ve sistem düzeyinde krizlere neden olmaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışma, güç yorgunluğu kavramsallaştırmasını Soğuk Savaş sonrasında şekillenen uluslararası sistemde ABD’nin başat rolüyle ilişkilendirerek, Bush, Obama ve Trump dönemleri üzerinden analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Azerbaijan-Türkiye Relations in the Context of Security Community: One Nation, Two States
Authors: Karayel Zehra
Published: December 2024

The cooperative relations between Türkiye and Azerbaijan have benefitted them in recent years individually and collectively; they have developed and pursued collective interests. This study aims to discover the nature of the relationship between Türkiye and Azerbaijan in the context of the security community. With the expanding brotherly relations among the people, the two countries created a common entity similar to what Karl Deutsch called a “security community”. Constructivist scholars Adler and Barnett brought some path-dependent variables and classifications to the concept of the security community, making research on this subject easier to conduct. This paper will evaluate the recent developments between the two countries using the case analysis method in light of the criteria these security community theorists developed and determine its place in security community classification. It will argue that the relationship qualifies a mature security community as cooperation created common goals and interests that bound them together and developed mutual trust and identity. The paper will contribute to the literature on the security community and the countries’ foreign policy.
Face Recognition Using The Subspace and Deep Learning Algorithms For Cases of Sufficient and Insufficient Data
Authors: Keser Serkan
Published: December 2024

In face recognition, the distance criterion significantly influences the recognition rate. Misclassified test signals can be accurately reassigned to the correct class using various distance measures and the nearest neighbor algorithm. This study uniquely explores the recognition performance of DCVA, Fisherface subspace classifiers, and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in face recognition, an aspect not thoroughly explored in the literature. Accordingly, this study introduces a Discriminative Common Vector-based (DCVA) algorithm utilizing various distance measures for face recognition for the first time. Additionally, the Fisherface-based algorithm uses different distance measures and nearest neighbors. Experiments were conducted on three different face databases. The images were downsampled to simulate both sufficient and insufficient data conditions. Experimental results indicate that the Correlation distance measure generally outperforms the Euclidean distance for the DCVA and Fisherface-KNN algorithms under both data conditions. The Fisherface-KNN algorithm surpasses the classical Fisherface in performance for various distance measures and nearest neighbor numbers and yields better recognition rates than the DCVA algorithm in sufficient data conditions. Moreover, while DCVA and Fisherface-KNN achieved superior results for two smaller face databases, CNN demonstrated better performance for larger databases.
Detection of Stroke (Cerebrovascular Accident) Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Ateş Hadice , Çalışkan Abidin
Published: December 2024

Stroke occurs when the blood flow to the brain is suddenly interrupted. This interruption can lead to the loss of function in the affected area of the brain and cause permanent damage to the corresponding part of the body. Stroke can develop due to various factors such as age, occupation, chronic diseases, and a family history of stroke. Assessing these factors and predicting stroke risk is often a costly and time-consuming process, which can increase the risk of permanent damage for the individual. However, with today's technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) models can process millions of data points to determine stroke risk within seconds. In this study, the risk of stroke in individuals is predicted most reliably using ML methods such as Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), with the aim of saving time, protecting human health, and enabling early diagnosis of the disease. As a result of the study, the highest accuracy rate was achieved by the DT model with 91%. The accuracy rates of the other models were found to be 89% for SVM, 81% for KNN, and 75% for LR.
A mathematical model of the motion of an unmanned tractor with front steerable wheels during the ‘single lane change’ maneuver
Authors: Sukharev Roman Yu. , Letopolsky Anton B. , Sachuk Alexey Yu.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: The motion of an unmanned tractor can be represented in the form of elementary primitives, one of which is the ‘single lane change’ maneuver. Taking into account the kinematic limitations of a wheeled mover with front steerable wheels, it is necessary to calculate in advance the coordinates of the beginning of the maneuver depending on the magnitude of the displacement and the motion velocity for accurate and effective planning of the motion path.
OBJECTIVE: Development of a mathematical model of the motion of an unmanned wheeled tractor with front steerable wheels when performing the ‘single lane change’ maneuver, obtaining analytical dependences of the length of the maneuver and the time of the control signal from the motion velocity and the required displacement value.
METHODS: To achieve this aim, the mathematical model of the kinematics of the curvilinear motion of a wheeled tractor with front steerable wheels was developed. The description of the maneuver and possible motion paths are given.
RESULTS: During the theoretical study, the dependences of the time of the control signal and the length of the maneuver were obtained, depending on the required amount of displacement when the tractor is moving at various velocities. The approximation of the obtained data made it possible to obtain analytical dependencies.
CONCLUSIONS: The obtained dependencies can be used to control unmanned tractors with front steerable wheels at various displacement values and when moving at various velocities to perform the ‘single lane change’ maneuver clearly at specified waypoints.
Cytotoxicity of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles based on amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone derivatives in 2D and 3D in vitro models of human ovarian adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gileva Anastasia M. , Kulikova Daria I. , Kukovyakina Ekaterina V. , Yagolovich Anne V. , Kushnerev Kirill S. , Kuskov Andrey N. , Markvicheva Elena A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Nanocarriers based on biocompatible polymers are a promising delivery tool for biologically active substances and drugs, in particular antitumor agents. Curcumin, a polyphenol, is known to possess pleiotropic therapeutic effects, including antitumor activity. The antitumor potential of curcumin has been shown in various tumor types, including ovarian adenocarcinoma. However, its lipophilic properties and very low bioavailability limits its use. Incorporating curcumin into nanocarriers enhances its delivery options and expands its potential as an antitumor agent.
AIM: To produce curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles based on amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone derivatives and its copolymers with acrylic acid, explore their accumulation in the tumor cells; evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity in 2D (monolayer cell culture) and 3D (tumor spheroids) models of human ovarian adenocarcinoma.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The polymers of the amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone derivatives and its copolymers with acrylic acid were obtained using radical polymerization. Emulsion method was used to obtain polymeric nanoparticles. Accumulation of nanoparticles in tumor cells was assessed using flow cytometry (for monolayer culture) or fluorimetric analysis (for spheroids). Cytotoxicity was studied in 2D and 3D models obtained of the human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line OVCAR-3 using 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay).
RESULTS: The effective accumulation of curcumin-loaded polymeric nanoparticles in both monolayer culture cells and tumor spheroids was demonstrated. Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles exhibited high-level cytotoxicity in the 2D model of human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells OVCAR-3 (IC50 up to 137±9 μg/mL) and a moderate, although significant cytotoxic effect in a 3D in vitro model. Meanwhile, nanoparticles not loaded with curcumin did not show any cytotoxic activity regardless of their composition or of the additional modification, i.e. with the use of maleimide functional groups.
CONCLUSION: These data can provide a foundation for further studies to assess the safety and in vivo antitumor activity of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles based on amphiphilic poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone derivatives.
Comment on "Long-term disability in multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study over 20 years"
Authors: Ertem Uğur
Published: December 2024

In this article, I would like to share my ideas about the publication "Long-term disability in multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study over 20 years" and evaluate the disability in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) from a physiatrist's perspective. In the current study, it was concluded that a high initial Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score in MS patients, lack of full recovery after the first attack, and a longer period between attacks may provide insight into predicting long-term disability.
Pilocytic astrocytoma with diffuse angiocentric arrangement and calcification: a case report
Authors: Saygin Ismail , Çakır Emel , Aydın Mungan Sevdegül , Yazar Uğur
Published: December 2024

Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common glial tumors of childhood. It can also be seen in young adults. It is typically localized in the cerebellum and is a WHO grade 1 tumor. It is rarely seen in the cerebral hemisphere and spinal cord. Calcification is unusual feature for PA. Angiocentric arrangement or pseudorosette structures are also unusual morphologic patterns observed in PA, and few cases have been reported in the literature. Prognosis is usually good. The prognosis tends to be slightly worse in supratentorial PAs. In here the differential diagnosis between PAs with diffuse angiocentric arrangement and calcification and tumors with angiocentric arrangement or perivascular pseudorosette such as ‘‘pilomyxoid astrocytoma, angiocentric glioma, papillary glioneuronal tumor, astroblastoma” is discussed.
Massive bladder herniation: an interesting case of scrotal cystocele with bowel herniation
Authors: Taflan Sıtkı Safa , Köroğlu Ahmet Orçun , Akbulut Zeynep Münteha
Published: December 2024

Inguinal bladder herniation is a commonly seen clinical entity which represents 1–4% of all inguinal hernias. However, the extensive inguinoscrotal herniation of the bladder, known as scrotal cystocele, is very rare. Clinical findings can vary from asymptomatic findings to surgical emergencies. Radiographic imaging can play important role in the diagnosis to reduce the risk of bladder injury during hernia repair when urinary symptoms are present. Computed Tomography scan is a gold standart to identify the hernia sac. Computed tomography findings observed in axial planes, should also be carefully evaluted in other planes. Sagittal or coronal images may provide better evaluation of the hernia and its relationships with surrounding tissues. The standard treatment of inguinal bladder hernaiation is either reduction or resection of the herniated bladder followed by hernia repair. This case describes a systematic approach and role of computed tomography in the diagnosis of inguinal bladder hernaiation.
From hydra to human: in silico investigation of the atavistic model of cancer
Authors: Kafali Yağmur , Pavlopoulou Athanasia
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Cancer manifests as a disruption in the regular functioning of multicellular systems, arising from the malfunctioning of genes responsible for cellular cooperation. Notably, cancer exhibits atavistic characteristics, wherein cancer cells diverge from the conventional Darwinian evolution, highlighting a distinctive trajectory in their evolutionary fate. In this context, cancer cells may display traits such as uncontrolled proliferation, evasion of cell death mechanisms and altered metabolism, which could reflect ancient biological programs related to cell growth and survival. The objective of this study was to trace the evolutionary origin of cancer by analyzing tumor-related proteins in the basal metazoan Hydra and their preservation across diverse taxa.
Materials and Methods: Bioinformatic approaches were employed to investigate the conservation status of protein-coding transcripts that are differentially expressed in the tumor-bearing Hydra across species, representing both unicellular and multicellular forms of life.
Results: By examining the taxonomic distribution of the Hydra polyp-related proteins, we have traced the ancient evolutionary roots of cancer through the tree of life. The majority of protein-coding genes were found to be of unicellular origin and associated with cancer.
Conclusion: We suggest conservation of the atavistic in model of cancer the basal tumor-bearing animals, which can be considered as promising and intriguing candidate model organisms in cancer research.
Determination of Nifedipine in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Square Wave Voltammetry Method
Authors: Yılmaz Bilal
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmada, nifedipinin elektroanalitik davranışı döngüsel voltametri yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Prosedür, susuz çözeltilerde bir platin elektrotta elektrokimyasal olarak oksitlenen nifedipine dayanıyordu. 1.16 V'ta oksidasyon tepe noktası kaydedildi. Nifedipinin oksidasyonunun difüzyon kontrollü olduğu keşfedildi. Ek olarak, farmasötik preparasyonlarda nifedipini belirlemek için bu çalışmada hızlı ve kolay bir Kare Dalga Voltametri yöntemi geliştirildi ve valide edildi. 5 ve 50 µg/mL arasındaki konsantrasyonlarda kalibrasyon eğrisi doğrusaldı. Kesinlik bağıl standart sapma ile verildi ve %3.96'dan azdı. Doğruluk bağıl hata ile verildi ve %2.00'yi geçmedi. Farmasötik preparasyonlarda, nifedipinin ortalama geri kazanımı %100.6'dır. Seçilen deneysel koşullar altında, hiçbir girişim bulunmadı. Önerilen yöntem son derece doğru ve kesindir. Bu nedenle yöntem, farmasötik müstahzar olarak Adalat Crono tabletlerdeki nifedipin ölçümüne uygulanabilir.
TDP-43 as a Fluid Biomarker in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Choi Seok-Jin
Published: December 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the death of both upper and lower motor neurons in the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord. In approximately 95% of cases, ALS is associated with the nuclear-cytoplasmic mislocalization and aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). The diagnosis of ALS is based solely on clinical assessments, including neurological examinations and electromyography studies, and currently, there is no reliable biomarker for diagnosing ALS using antemortem tissues. Additionally, while TDP-43 positron emission tomography ligands are being investigated, they are not yet widely available for assessing brain TDP-43 pathology. Therefore, a robust fluid biomarker that reflects pathological TDP-43 accumulation in the central nervous system is essential for confirming an ALS diagnosis. In this context, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current status of fluid biomarker development, focusing on TDP-43 pathology, and discuss the existing limitations as well as future directions for ALS biomarker discovery.
DEPREDACIÓN DE GARCETA NIVEA Egretta thula (ARDEIDAE) POR EL HALCÓN PEREGRINO Falco peregrinus (FALCONIDAE) EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL YASUNÍ, ECUADOR
Authors: Macas-Pogo Patricio , Chamba Francisco
Published: December 2024

El Halcón Peregrino Falco peregrinus es una especie de ave rapaz cosmopolita con una dieta principalmente ornitófaga. En un recorrido por el río Napo se observó la depredación de un individuo de Garceta Nívea Egretta thula por un F. peregrinus en una playa del río Napo, en el límite norte del Parque Nacional Yasuní en Ecuador. Este registro contribuye al conocimiento de la ecología trófica del halcón en su rango migratorio.
Intellectual capital and human resources: A 26-year thematic systematic review
Authors: Guedes Thiago de Andrade , Rezende Bruno Ricardo Peixoto de
Published: December 2024

Intellectual capital is the sum of whatever organizational resources contribute to the value and competitiveness of a company. Though some metrics have been developed for measuring individual and collective capabilities, from a human resources point of view, it is difficult to translate the concept of “intellectual capital” into, for example, financial terms. To better understand the field, the aim of this study is to draw a thematic analysis on the relations between intellectual capital and human resources. We provide an overview of publications and their courses on this subject. We accessed two widely used databases (Scopus and Web of Science) to produce the review. We set a period of 26 years, marked by the subject’s theme entry. In order to handle duplicates, we used RStudio Software, and to manage the data, we used the Bibliometrix package tools (biblioshiny and thematic map). Our analysis revealed how intellectual capital and human resources are important for generating value in organizations. Some results explore innovative ways of managing these resources, such as integrating technological, commercial, organizational, and cultural aspects, using dynamic systems modeling, investing in long-term strategies and in education and training, and studying the relationship between green intellectual capital and green human resources management.
La desigualdad racial de la producción de hortalizas en fresco y flores de corte en Argentina: análisis en el Gran La Plata
Authors: Caimmi Nuria
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo propone analizar la configuración de las desigualdades en uno de los cordones de producción de hortalizas en fresco y flores de corte más importantes de Argentina, localizado en el Gran La Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires. Se trata de una investigación en curso con enfoque antropológico, realizada desde el año 2021, en la que se emplearon técnicas como la observación participante, entrevistas, mapeos alimentarios y etnografía digital. Entre los principales hallazgos destacamos que este cordón productivo posee en su génesis y cotidiano, ciertas dinámicas racistas, que no son únicamente generadas desde la sociedad receptora a la migrante, sino que se propagan por todo el tejido social, incluso ejercidas por los productores migrantes. Las valoraciones positivas de quienes habitan y trabajan allí en torno a los alimentos ultraprocesados están cargadas de la importancia de pertenecer a la sociedad receptora, en paralelo a estrategias de resguardo de preparaciones previas a migrar: la recreación de un “nosotros alimentario” y la proliferación de “legumbrerías” y “comedores paisanos”. Estas transformaciones se enlazan con los cambios productivos que atravesaron las personas migrantes desde economías campesinas en su lugar de origen, a la producción intensiva en el Gran La Plata.
Diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with vegetable crops in Haryana, India
Authors: Tanwar Anju , Aggarwal Ashok , Saini Ishan , Kumar Tarsem , Kumar Mukesh , Pichardo Sergio T.
Published: December 2024

The optimal growth and development of many vegetable crops hinge significantly upon their reliance on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). Understanding the AMF status of vegetable crops can assist researchers in selecting suitable strains for future experiments. Therefore, a field work was carried out to determine the species diversity and composition of AMF with fifty vegetable crops from seventeen different districts of Haryana. AMF spores were isolated and identified to evaluate AMF density, diversity, and host preference in terms of AMF species richness, abundance and frequency of occurrence. Soil conditions, land use type and its physico–chemical properties played a crucial role in regulating the uneven distribution and composition of AMF. Mycotrophic structures such as linear infection (Arum–type) to coils (Paris–type) arbuscules and vesicles were seen. Interestingly, no correlation was found between spore number and root colonization. Maximum AMF spore density, spore richness and abundance were witnessed in Zea mays and Trigonella foenum–graecum. Five plants exhibited 100% AMF colonized roots, 15 plants showed above 75% and 12 plants above 50% colonization. Soil pH 6.10 to 7.40 supported the maximal abundance and frequency of occurrence of Glomus and Acaulospora with 53 species and 18 species followed by Acaulospora (18), Sclerocystis (10), Gigaspora (5), Entrophospora (4) and Sclerocystis (4). G. mosseae was the most preferred species among vegetable crops. Members of non–mycorrhizal families lack root colonization except for Brassica campestris, B. oleracea var. botrytis and B. Rapa where 2–11% root colonization was detected. Noticing the abundant AMF diversity of vegetable crops , this investigation expands the scope of detection, selection and inoculation of vegetable crops with suitable AMF species for improving their quality and quantity.
Optimizing Course Scheduling with Genetic Algorithms: A Dynamic Approach
Authors: Subang Kim N. , Balaba Efren I. , Agoylo Jr. Jose C.
Published: December 2024

This study explores the application of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) for optimizing course scheduling in educational institutions. Traditional manual scheduling methods are often time-consuming and result in suboptimal solutions due to the complexity and scale of the task. GAs, inspired by natural selection, offer a robust solution by iteratively applying selection, crossover, and mutation to evolve optimal schedules. Using Python and libraries such as NumPy, Matplotlib, and DEAP, the GA was tested through various simulations. The results indicated that GAs significantly improve scheduling efficiency, minimizing conflicts and optimizing resource utilization. Larger populations yielded better fitness values but required more computation time. The hybrid GA approach outperformed manual methods, producing higher quality timetables that adhered better to constraints. A user-friendly interface was developed to facilitate efficient data management and schedule generation. This study confirms that GAs, especially when combined with hybrid techniques, offer a robust solution for the complex problem of course scheduling. Future research should refine these algorithms, explore new hybrid approaches, and address practical implementation challenges to fully harness the potential of GAs in academic scheduling.
Development of Pintarin.Edu as a PTK Learning Application to Improve the Quality of Classroom Action Research Results
Authors: Widarti Hayuni R. , Sumarsono Raden B. , Sulistio Dwi , Robi’ah Syauqiya A. , Puteri Evelyn A. A. , Iklima Ilma K. , Rokhim Deni A.
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop the Pintarin.Edu application as a technology-based learning media to improve the competence of Classroom Action Research (PTK) in prospective teachers. The research method used is the 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Application validation involved material and media experts, with material validation results reaching 93.38% in the valid category and 98% media validation results in the valid category. The readability test shows that the application is acceptable with a readability level of 72.43% in the category of valid enough to use. These results indicate that the Pintarin.Edu application is effective as an interactive and adaptive PTK learning tool, and can support prospective teachers in mastering PTK skills. The implementation of this application is expected to improve the quality of teachers in implementing PTK, which has an impact on improving the quality of education.
Investigation of the Effects of Harmonics on Grid Performance in Grid-Connected
Solar Power Plants with Storage
Authors: Pamuk Nihat , Aydın Göktuğ Recep
Published: December 2024

Energy consumption is experiencing major increases with rapidly developing technology. Due to these increases, interest in renewable energy sources is increasing and research is being conducted to increase efficiency. Grid-connected solar power plants create some problems in terms of grid security, power quality and management. The most important of these problems is the harmonics originating from the battery groups and inverters used, which reduce the energy quality in the grid. In this study, the harmonic effects produced by grid-connected storage solar power plants were investigated and photovoltaic solar plants were modelled in MATLAB/Simulink program. As a result of the simulation, harmonic effects were examined and the effects of harmonics on grid performance were observed. In addition, the effect of the filters used in the system on harmonics was analysed in detail.
Developing Students’ Environmental Literacy (EL) for a Sustainable Environment: A Search for Strategies of Environmental Education (EE) in Thailand
Authors: Aroonsrimarakot Sayam , Laiphrakpam Meena
Published: December 2024

This article aims to discuss the following objectives: 1) the development and importance of EL and EE; 2) strategies of EE for developing EL among students in Thailand. To write this article, the authors used the state-of-the-art literature review method, by reviewing only some literature related to the study’s objectives. Authors searched literature available on the internet by typing keywords such as Environmental Literacy, Environmental Education of students, Strategies of environmental education, and literacy of students from relevant search engines available online. Some strategies that can be used to increase students’ EL in Thailand include: 1. Develop the practice of being concerned for the environment among students; 2.Encourage students to use analytical reasoning andsolution skills; 3. Practice the approach of learning through experience; 4. Form partnerships and collaboration with stakeholders and local organizations; and 5. Use technology and digital tools to enhance learning. The study concluded that since human activities are responsible for these environmental problems, the solution to this problem lies in changing the behaviour of individuals through environmental education to be equipped with knowledge of environmental protection to students, and future citizens for creating a sustainable society.
Transforming History Education: Enhancing Student Engagement and Literacy
through Interactive Methods
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin , Rosidi Moh. Imron , Fitroh Ismaul , Darsono Darsono , Saefudin Arif
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interactive methods in improving student engagement and historical literacy. The research design was quasi-experimental, involving an experimental group that received education through interactive methods and a control group that received traditional history education. The study was conducted in three high schools in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, with a sample of 500 students. A purposive sampling technique was used, selecting schools based on certain criteria aligned with the research objectives. Data were collected through written tests for pre-test and post-test to measure student engagement and historical literacy, and reinforced with student engagement survey sheets. Data analysis used included descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA. The results showed that the use of interactive methods significantly increased cognitive, emotional, and behavioral engagement, as well as students' historical literacy. The experimental group showed a significant increase in all engagement indicators and historical literacy scores from pre-test to post-test compared to the control group which showed minimal changes.The results of this study confirm that interactive methods are more effective in improving students' engagement and literacy in history education compared to traditional methods. The results of this study significantly contribute to the field of history learning by providing empirical evidence on the efficacy of active methods in improving students' engagement and historical literacy. History teachers are encouraged to implement active learning methods to address the low levels of historical engagement and literacy found among students.
Standards and New ICT Technologies in the Function of Telemetric Control of Photovoltaic Power Plants
Authors: Rahmanović Adis , Saračević Muzafer , Berkovac Haris
Published: December 2024

By intensively investing in innovation, development and construction, Photovoltaic power plants become the first choice for electricity production due to a number of reasons related to environmental parameters, sustainable development, but also the wide availability of the primary source. However, a significantly larger number of such power plants compared to fossil fuel power plants with a larger capacity creates new risks, related to the conditions of network infrastructure availability, management of such complex systems, where telemetry management, especially with the introduction of new standards, ICT and advanced technologies, has an increasing significance and brings a number of benefits, eliminates a number of obstacles, but also reduces the perceived risks to an acceptable level. The aim of this article is to show the potential of improving telemetry control at PV power plants, but also to show the results of adequate use of this type of control. With the intensive development of new technologies for remote management and control, there will be an increasing potential and need for their application in Electric Power Systems, which due to the need for sustainable development are becoming more and more complex and demanding, but also more necessary if one wants to ensure safe, reliable and effective exploitation.