bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of five activities daily living on improving cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Andrianur Frana , Era Dwi Prihatin , Hidayat Arifin , Ismansyah Ismansyah , Setiani Diah
Published: October 2023

This study aimed to assess the effects of five activities of daily living (ADL) interventions on improving cognitive function in patients with ischemic stroke. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with 16 ischemic stroke patients (n=8 per group) in an inpatient ward at a regional hospital in Samarinda, Indonesia. Inclusion criteria were: i) confirmed ischemic stroke via medical records, ii) effective communication, iii) current inpatient status, and iv) hemiparesis. Data collection used an ADL activity instrument sheet, while cognitive function was assessed with the MoCA-Ina screening (maximum score: 30 points). Data analysis included the Wilcoxon test and independent T-Test, with significance set at p<0.05. After the intervention, the intervention group's cognitive function significantly improved (from mean 20.25 ± 2.60 to 25.13 ± 1.81), while the control group changed from mean 17.13 ± 2.10 to 20.50 ± 2.00. The intervention group showed a significant cognitive improvement compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ADL interventions enhance cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients, aiding recovery and serving as an effective hospital nursing intervention.
The effect of ethanol extract of Cosmos caudatus leaves on the percentage of the cell cycle in Candida albicans culture
Authors: Lushinta Lidia , Suryani Heni
Published: October 2023

Candidiasis is a common fungal gynecological disease among humans. The use of antifungal agents, such as Fluconazole, has been reported to increase resistance to candidiasis by 7%. This study aimed to investigate the effect of antifungal flavonoids from Cosmos caudatus leaf extract on the cell cycle percentage in C. albicans culture. This research employed a true experimental post-test only with a control group design. The C. albicans isolate was obtained from the Microbiology Laboratory under the code C. albicans SV-1148. The isolates were cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium and Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB). The sample group was divided into a negative control group, a positive control group with fluconazole (60 µg/ml), and a treatment group with various concentrations of ethanol extract from Kenikir leaves (C. caudatus Kunth.) - 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and combinations (20% ethanol extract from Kenikirleaves + 30 µg/ml Fluconazole). This study revealed a reduction in the percentage of cell cycles in the S phase (DNA synthesis) in the treatment group receiving ethanol extract from Kenikir leaves (C. caudatus Kunth.) and the combination treatment group compared to the negative control group. The study suggests that this decrease in the percentage of cell cycles results from DNA damage caused by the presence of flavonoids in Kenikir leaves (C. caudatus Kunth.). Kenikirleaves (C. caudatus Kunth.) have the potential to decrease the percentage of S-phase cell cycles (DNA synthesis) in the culture of C. albicans. This research demonstrates that Kenikir leaves (C. caudatus Kunth.) contain natural flavonoids with antifungal properties and have the potential to be used as an alternative medicine for candidiasis in humans. It is hoped that incorporating Kenikir as a food ingredient can serve as an alternative prevention and treatment approach for candidiasis.
Endolesional ablation of xanthelasma using microfiber optic laser delivery
Authors: Azzopardi Ernest A. , Refalo Azzopardi Sarah , Tretti Clementoni Matteo , Boyce Dean Edward , Sadideen Hazim , Mosahebi Ash
Published: October 2023

Xanthelasma palpebrarum is the most common type of cutaneous xanthoma and is often a cause of psychological distress and aesthetic dissatisfaction. The extent, depth, or background skin type, intolerance to downtime, or cost, may restrict the treatment options, or contribute to a recurrence rate of up to 60%. 1470 nm microfiber laser is a recent clinical innovation that allows highly targeted delivery of Laser to deeper tissues through fibers as small as 150 μm in diameter, targeting fat and/or water chromophores. We report a retrospective data series on five patients (10 eyelids) treated with intralesional microfiber laser, where other treatment methods were inappropriate, contraindicated, or declined. Single-use tip firing microfibers (150-300 μm), were introduced into lesions under tactile and visible indicator light guidance (1-2 W; 250-500 Hz, LEED 1-2 Jcm–2, 1470 nm ). Results were followed up with before/after photography. The pain was measured using a prevalidated 1-10 Likert scale. Patients were followed up by remote consultation up to one year post-treatment. Xanthelasma size was (7 mm ± 4 mm, mean ±SD). The average time to complete resolution was 12±2.4 weeks ( All patients were normolipidemic pre-treatment. Sessions needed were 1.2±0.4 (mean ±SD). Maximum discomfort on a 1-10 Likert scale was 3±1/10 (mean ±SD), at eight weeks’ follow-up. No recurrences were reported up to 1 year’s follow-up. No patients had visible scarring. Most importantly, all patients reported minimal downtime and could continue normally with activities of daily life. 1470 nm microfiber laser is a promising method for the management of palpebral xanthelasma: within this case series was safe and effective in experienced hands. Further, larger studies are in hand to assess follow-up long-term outcomes and patient satisfaction.
Stroke Around Pregnancy; Protection and Prevention!
Authors: Manikinda Jayasree , Kaul Subhash
Published: October 2023

As per recent studies, incidence of stroke is increasing in pregnant women. It is essential to be vigilant and well-versed in managing stroke in pregnancy, as both the mother and the baby are prone to stroke-related injury. In this viewpoint article, we have reviewed the current data from research publications on the incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and clinical presentation of stroke in pregnancy. Finally, we have discussed the plan of investigations and the current treatment guidelines for stroke in pregnancy.
To Study the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Prehypertension and Hypertension among Adolescents (18–19 years) at Entry Level of Professional Course
Authors: Reshi Amrutha , Abhijith Y V , Chandra N Sharath , Ramesh A C , Narayanaswamy D M
Published: October 2023

Aim and Objective:

To study the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension among adolescents (18–19 years) at the entry level of professional course.

Materials and Methods:

After institutional ethics committee approval and informed consent from participants, the data were collected and entered into the Excel sheet. Appropriate statistical analysis was applied. The final result was statistically interpreted.

Results:

A total of 273 student participants were included in the study. There were 104 males and 169 females. One hundred and seven participants were 18 years old and 168 were 19 years old. Male: female ratio is 1:1.6. Prehypertension was seen in 91 (33.3%) and hypertension was observed in 34 (12.57%). Seven (20.6%) cases had a family history of hypertension. Twenty-two (8.1%) had addictive habits. Inadequate physical activity was seen in 32 (94.1%) of cases who had hypertension. Poor sleep quality was seen in hypertensives (17; 50%). In our study also, there was no statistically significant association between gender and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure ( P > 0.05). There is a statistical significance association between the gender and body mass index (BMI) but not between BMI and hypertension status. There was statistically significant association was there between prehypertension and hypertension with habits.

Conclusion:

Change in habits and dietary modification will have impact on the development of prehypertension and or hypertension among adolescents. More emphasis must be given to screen adolescents at college entry. Adolescents are best target age group for primordial prevention.
Correlation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness with One-hour Postload Plasma Glucose (1h-PPG) in Overweight and Obese North Indian Adults
Authors: Jesrani Gautam , Gupta Monica , Kaur Narinder , Gupta Samiksha
Published: October 2023

Background:

Cardiovascular morbidities like arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis have a negative association with insulin resistance, which can be identified by carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) measurement. One-hour postload plasma glucose (1 h-PPG) is a novel marker for early identification of insulin resistance, but very few studies are available on its relationship with CIMT.

Objective:

To identify the correlation of CIMT with 1 h-PPG in overweight and obese adults without diabetes.

Methods:

Individuals not having known diabetes or other chronic illnesses were identified and subjected to the initial anthropometric analysis for body mass index (BMI) calculation. A standard oral glucose tolerance test was performed on individuals with a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 for 1 h-PPG values, and a B-mode ultrasound scan of the neck was used for CIMT measurement. A Pearson’s correlation statistical test was applied for correlation identification.

Results:

A total of 94 nondiabetic individuals participated, of whom 55 (58.5%) were women. Mean age, BMI, and CIMT values of the study population were 38.8 (±8.09) years, 29.6 (±3.22) kg/m2, and 0.72 (±0.10) mm, respectively. Average 1 h-PPG levels were 150.7 (±21.11) mg/dl, and the Pearson’s coefficient ( r) value with CIMT was 0.5792 ( P < 0.05). Further, correlation analysis demonstrated an r-value of −0.0029 for BMI, −0.1293 for waist-hip ratio, −0.0047 for waist-height ratio, 0.3862 for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and −0.2930 for 2 h-PPG.

Conclusion:

In euglycemic adults, the early insulin resistance defining parameter, i.e., 1 h-PPG levels had a consistent positive correlation with CIMT, which is a marker of the initial stages of atherosclerosis.
Can We Apply Pomodoro Technique in Academic Publishing?
Authors: Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Vaishya Raju , Botchu Rajesh
Published: October 2023

Background:

Academic publishing and manuscript preparation, submission, and appropriate revision can be difficult tasks. Breaking a task such as academic writing or manuscript preparation into manageable segments can allow the author to concentrate more fully on the task at hand and complete the academic or scientific project on time.

Aims and Objectives:

We explore the role of “Pomodoro” technique: a time-management technique in academic writing.

Materials and Methods:

A literature search was conducted to explore the origin of the “Pomodoro” time management technique and its applicability in academic writing or manuscript preparation.

Results:

Currently there are no defined publications exploring the role of “Pomodoro” technique in academic publishing. However the “Pomodoro” time management technique can have applicability in academic publishing and manuscript preparation.

Conclusion:

“Pomodoro” time management technique can help break the manuscript preparation and research project in manageable segments. It can have applications in planning, data analysis, editing and revising of academic publications and manuscript preparation.
A cross-sectional observational study to estimate the psychosocial adjustment in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Vasireddy Niveditha , Koilada Prabhath , Gottumukkula Vaidyanath , Sathi Vineesha
Published: October 2023

Context:

Psychosocial dysfunction is the dysfunction in the various psychosocial areas, such as personal, vocational/occupational, familial, and social, which ultimately depends on the cognitive functioning of an individual. Any disturbances and failure to adjust in one or more areas have a sufficient impact on the patient’s quality of life and daily living. For everyday living and maintaining a good quality of life, the influence of the level of dysfunction in different areas needs to be understood, and psychosocial interventions and rehabilitation programs must be designed accordingly to facilitate better psychosocial adjustment.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to estimate the psychosocial adjustment of individuals with Schizophrenia presenting at the psychiatry outpatient department (OPD) of a teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the psychiatry OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Eligible subjects were aged between 18 and 65 years and diagnosed with Schizophrenia according to the International Classification of Diseases-10. Sociodemographic characteristics and current treatment details were obtained. The psychosocial adjustment was assessed using the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-interview version.

Results:

Sixty subjects were included, all with some impairment in one or the other social functioning domain. The domain with the highest proportion of subjects showing marked/severe degrees of disability is the vocational environment. Moderate-to-severe impairment of functioning is seen in the domains of domestic environment, social environment, sexual relationship, and extended family relationships. In the health-care environment, mild impairment is seen among most subjects. Only mild psychological distress was found among those with impaired functioning in this domain. It was also found that individuals with mild adjustment problems had a shorter duration of illness. Variables that showed significant statistical associations (P < 0.05) with poor/severe social adjustment were marital status and duration of illness. Age and Gender had a statistically significant association with psychosocial dysfunction in the social environment domain.

Conclusion:

This study shows that there is definite and substantial psychosocial dysfunction in definitive areas of personal, familial, social, and vocational spheres in patients with schizophrenia. Psychosocial interventions, along with antipsychotics, are needed to target these areas to improve the overall quality of life of patients with schizophrenia.
Stress and Common Dermatological Disorders: The Psychophysiological Dermatoses
Authors: Goyal Nupur , Prabhu Smitha S
Published: October 2023

Primary dermatological disorders which are frequently exacerbated by stress and whose course is affected by the psychological state of the patient are called psychophysiologic or psychosomatic diseases. Psychosocial stress plays a major role in the onset and/or aggravation of these skin diseases. A close relationship between the skin and the mind mediated via hormones and neurotransmitters and altered cutaneous permeability barrier homeostasis by psychological stress constitute the basic psychopathology. The common skin conditions precipitated/aggravated by stress include psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, alopecia areata, urticaria, lichen planus, prurigo, seborrheic dermatitis, and hyperhidrosis. These cutaneous diseases often have a chronic, unpredictable course with multiple remissions and relapses leading to significant psychiatric morbidity, and disease-related stress further acts as an aggravating factor for the cutaneous disease leading to a vicious cycle. Increased awareness about these psychophysiologic diseases among dermatologists has helped to incorporate psychotherapeutic treatment in the form of psychotropic drugs and nonpharmacological interventions in the management of these patients. A multidisciplinary approach consisting of dermatologists along with psychiatrists and psychologists in a liaison framework has proven useful for these patients.
Clinical and Dermoscopic Features of Eruptive Collagenomas Localized Only on the Neck in a Young Female
Authors: Singh Satyendra Kumar , Yadav Vandana , Singh Chandra Pratap , Mohan Atul
Published: October 2023

Eruptive collagenomas are rare nonfamilial connective tissue nevi of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, which are characterized by an abrupt onset of asymptomatic papules, nodules, and plaques on the trunk and extremities. Herein, we report a unique case of eruptive collagenoma in a 29-year-old female, who presented with multiple asymptomatic skin-colored to slightly hyperpigmented papules over the anterolateral aspect of the neck with no systemic involvement. Family history was unremarkable, and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination which showed thickened homogenized collagen bundles in the superficial dermis. We report this case due to the paucity of cases in Indian literature on eruptive collagenoma in a young female with only neck involvement.
Factors influencing tuberculosis preventive practices among people living with HIV/AIDS enrolled in secondary health facilities in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olakunle Olarewaju Sunday , Oluyemisi Akande Roseline , Abu Charity , Adeyemo Charles
Published: October 2023

Background information: Tuberculosis is the most potent opportunistic infection leading to deaths among patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Therefore, knowledge, attitude and practices regarding tuberculosis preventive strategy among People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is vital in minimizing the risk of developing TB infection which forms the objective of this study.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study carried out using multi-stage sampling technique in selecting 606 respondents. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed with SPSS version 23.

Result: Of all the respondents, 245 (40.4%) were within 28-37 years, 386 (63.7%) were females and 219 (36.1%) had secondary education. Majority of the respondents 500 (82.5%), 423(69.8%) and 411(67.8%) had positive attitude, good practices and good knowledge respectively. Associated factors were age, marital status, religion, educational status, knowledge and attitude with tuberculosis practices. Respondents between 18-27 years were twice less likely to engage in good TB preventive practices (OR- 0.44, 95% CI- 0.25-0.78, p = 0.004).

Conclusion: Over half of respondents had good tuberculosis preventive practices, influenced by their socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude towards TB infection. Preventive efforts need to be strengthened among individuals between 18-27 years of age, non-Christians and those with lower educational status.

Keywords: PLHIV; TB prevention; knowledge; attitude; practice.
Frequency of latent tuberculosis in patients receiving Anti-TNF-Alpha therapy
Authors: Coşkunol İpek , Turan Onur , Baysak Aysegul , Solmaz Dilek , Can Gerçek
Published: October 2023

Setting-Objective: In this study, it was aimed to reveal the incidence of tuberculosis development in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) blocker therapy, despite tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis.

Design: 520 patients who were receiving anti TNF-α treatment in the last 3 years were evaluated retrospectively. Radiological imaging tuberculin skin test (TST), history of tuberculosis, BCG vaccine, chemoprophylaxis administration, used anti TNF-α drugs were recorded.

Results: There were 265(51.0%) of the patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 175(33.7%) with rheumatoid arthritis, 35(6.7%) with Crohn's, 10(1.9%) with ulcerative colitis (UC), 21(4.0%) with psoriatic arthritis, 14(2.7%) with psoriasis vulgaris. In total, 455 (79.6%) patients were given INH prophylaxis. Active tuberculosis development was observed in five patients (4: pulmonary,1: extrapulmonary; 3: UC, 2:AS) who all received anti TNF-α treatment (0.96%), infliximab. Three patients had tuberculosis disease in the 6th month, and the other 2 patients in the 5th and 24th month of their anti TNF-α treatments, and two had 9-month, and 1 had 6-month chemoprophylaxis history.

Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis development in patients treated with anti TNF-α was found to be higher than the general population. In our country, where tuberculosis is still prevalent, patients receiving Anti TNF-α treatment (especially infliximab) should be carefully questioned and examined about tuberculosis.

Keywords: Anti-TNF-alpha; tuberculosis; tuberculin skin test.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C, and syphilis among aspirant migrant workers of Bangladesh
Authors: Afroz Jinia , Tuz Jubyda Fatema , Sharmin Sanzida , Rana Masud , Kumar Dey Amit , Farzana Tasmia , Hasan Sarkar Murshed
Published: October 2023

Background: In Bangladesh, labour migration is a source of employment and workers’ remittances are critical to poverty mitigation. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B, C, HIV, tuberculosis, syphilis, kidney and liver diseases along with presence of infections among aspirant migrant workers of Bangladesh.

Method: This study was carried out from September-December 2019. We analysed data collected on screening tests of specific diseases of aspirant workers. For each test, the prevalence was computed with 95% confidence interval. Association between categorical data was determined by the Chi-square test.

Results: A total of 2385 aspirants, 1988 (83.35%) males, aged between 18 and 65 years (29.76±6.578) were studied. Positive results for screening tests of HBsAg were 38 (1.6%,), anti-HCV were 2 (0.08%), TPHA were 25 (1.05%) and VDRL were 5 (0.21%) though no individual was positive for HIV and TB. Elevated level of SGOT (n=99, 4.2%), SGPT (n=322, 13.5%), RBS (n=57, 2.4%), bilirubin (n=46, 1.92%), creatinine (n=7, 0.3%) and ESR (n=19, 0.8%) were found in the workers.

Conclusion: Diagnosis of diseases of workers is obligatory before going abroad to safeguard the health of the workers and residents of destination country. Consequently, it will contribute to reducing the global burden of infectious diseases.

Keywords: Aspirant migrant workers; Hepatitis B and C; syphilis.
Antiviral use among hepatitis B infected patients in a low resource setting in Africa: a case study of West Nile, Uganda
Authors: Seremba Emmanuel , Wandera Claude , Ssekitoleko Richard , Nankya-Mutyoba Joan , Nyeko Filbert , Amandua Jacinto , Ejalu David , Omale William , Ocama Ponsiano
Published: October 2023

Failure to access antiviral medications is a leading cause of hepatitis B (HBV)-associated morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Despite guideline availability, SSA is not on course to meet its elimination targets. We characterized factors associated with antiviral medication use and challenges to offering chronic care in a large Ugandan institution. We abstracted HBV care data. 2,175/2,209 (98.5%) had HBV-infection. Most participants were men [1,197 (55%)]; median (IQR) age 27 years (19-35); 388/1689 (23.0%) had cirrhosis by sonography and 141/2175 (6.5%) by the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) score ≥2. Of the eligible, 20/141 (14.2%) with APRI score ≥2 and 24/388 (6.2%) with sonographic evidence of liver cirrhosis were not on antiviral medications. Overall, 1,106 (51%) were on medications though 65.8% had not been fully investigated. In multivariate analysis, age ≥35 years [OR (95% CI) = 1.52 (1.01-2.28), p=0.043], APRI ≥2 [OR (95% CI) =1.79 (1.48-2.16), p<0.001], hepatitis B viral load >2,000IU/mL [OR (95% CI) = 6.22 (5.08-7.62), p<0.001] were associated with antiviral medications use. Over half of participants in care had not been fully evaluated although on treatment and many eligible patients did not access medications. There is need to bridge these gaps for SSA to realise its HBV elimination goals.

Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus; treatment; Uganda.
Correlation between vaginal flora and cervical immune function of human papilloma virus-infected patients with cervical cancer
Authors: Wang Qiang , Qin Wenmin , Gao Wei , Zhao Kai , Pan Xiaohong , Jiang Xiaofei , Zhao Juan
Published: October 2023

Background: To analyse the correlation between vaginal flora and cervical immune function of HPV-infected patients with cervical cancer.

Methods: Six hundred females with genital tract infections treated in Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2014 to December 2016 were selected and divided into a high-risk HPV group (n=246) and a control group (n=354). The vaginal flora and human T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) were detected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors for HPV infection.

Results: The numbers of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ T cells of the high-risk HPV group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The two groups had similar numbers of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells. In the high-risk HPV group, the positive rates of Lactobacillus, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, mycetes, Ureaplasma urealyticum and bacterial vaginosis were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rates of trichomonads between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that C. trachomatis and U. urealyticum were independent risk factors for high-risk HPV infection (P<0.05).

Conclusion: High-risk HPV infection in patients with cervical cancer was associated with vaginal flora and immune function. C. trachomatis and U. urealyticum were independent risk factors for high-risk HPV infection.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; human papilloma virus; immune function; vaginal flora.
Predictive value of platelet-related parameters combined with pneumonia severity index score for mortality rate of patients with severe pneumonia
Authors: Wang Jing , Cui Lei , Guo Zhengliang
Published: October 2023

Background: To analyse the predictive value of platelet-related parameters combined with pneumonia severity index (PSI) score for the mortality rate of patients with severe pneumonia.

Methods: The clinical data of 428 severe pneumonia patients were retrospectively analysed. They were divided into survivor and death groups according to 28-day prognosis. Platelet-related parameters platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet-large-cell ratio (P-LCR) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured within 24 hours after admission. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) were used to describe the predictive efficiencies of platelet-related parameters, PSI score and their combination for death within 28 days.

Results: On the 28th day, there were 184 deaths and 244 survivors, and the deaths had significantly higher PLT and PSI score but lower PDW, MPV and P-LCR than those of the survivors (P<0.05). The combination of platelet-related parameters and PSI score had the highest sensitivity (96.56%) and specificity (99.34%) and the largest AUC (0.902) for predicting 28-day mortality.

Conclusion: PLT, PDW, MPV and P-LCR are significantly abnormal in patients with severe pneumonia, and the combination of platelet-related parameters with PSI score has the highest predictive value for 28-day mortality.

Keywords: Platelet-related parameter; pneumonia severity index score; prediction; severe pneumonia.
Effect of whole course seamless nursing mode on patients with chronic infectious wounds
Authors: Peng Yun , Gao Chenlu , Sun Yan
Published: October 2023

Background: Chronic infectious wounds seriously affect patients’ quality of life.

Aim: To assess the effect of whole course seamless nursing mode on patients with chronic infectious wounds.

Methodology: One hundred patients treated between January 2019 and December 2020 were randomly divided into control and observation groups (n=50) that were given routine nursing and whole course seamless nursing, respectively. Their pain score, comfort score, wound healing time, wound healing effect, psychological state scores, sleep indices, quality-of-life scores and degree of satisfaction with nursing were compared.

Results: Observation group had lower pain score and higher comfort score than those of control group after nursing (P<0.05). Compared with control group, observation group had shorter wound healing time and higher grade-A wound healing rate (P<0.05). The SDS and SAS scores of observation group were lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Observation group also had significantly shorter sleep latency, longer actual sleep time, lower PSQI score, as well as higher quality-of-life score and overall satisfaction rate than those of control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: For patients with chronic infectious wounds, whole course seamless nursing effectively relieves wound pain, facilitateswound healing, improves comfort, psychological state and sleep status, and makes them more satisfied.

Keywords: Chronic infectious wound; whole course seamless nursing; quality of life.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of c-MYC gene expression in hematological malignancies
Authors: Maryann Okafor Ifeyinwa , Uchechi Okoroiwu Henshaw , Ogar Ogar Christopher
Published: October 2023

Introduction: c-MYC plays vital role in regulation of cell proliferation and has been associated with tumorigenesis. This studyis aimed at assessing diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma c-MYC expression to aid in early diagnosis and prognosis ofhematological malignancies.

Methods: Plasma c-MYC expression was determined by quantitative real time PCR using EVA Green chemistry and cluster ofdifferentiation markers performed via immunocytochemistry.

Result: Plasma c-MYC was higher in subject with hematological malignancies (8.8 ± 1.1) when compared with apparently healthy controls (4.5 ± 0.5). A screening cut-off c-MYC ratio value of 9.42 with sensitivity and specificity of 65.5% and 100% respectively were obtained using receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. Plasma c-MYC was found to have no prognostic value using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Conclusion: Plasma c-MYC ratio showed promising screening/diagnostic value for hematological malignancies.

Keywords: c-MYC; c-MYC screening; prognosis with c-MYC; hematological malignancies; plasma c-MYC; c-MYC in malignancies;c-MYC expression.
Effects of resistance exercise in elderly cancer patients
Authors: Sun Jing , Ge Li , Cao Chunjuan , Yao Wen , Wang Xiaoling
Published: October 2023

Objective: To investigate the effects of resistance exercise (RE) in elderly cancer patients (ECPs).

Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 240 ECPs, who received radiotherapy and chemotherapy at the Departmentof Oncology of a Level-A tertiary hospital in Shanghai from September 2019 to August 2020, and they were randomized to control (CON) and experimental (EXP). After a 12-week intervention, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy- Fatigue (FACIT-F), the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIMSM) were used to evaluate the effects of RE in two groups.

Results: After 12-week intervention, the total FIMSM score and the scores of self-care, transfers, locomotion, communication, and social cognition of EXP was higher than before, and compared with CON (P<0.05). However, the intervention did not effectively improve the sphincter control (P>0.05). The SF-36 and CD-RISC scores of EXP were higher than those of CON, and FACIT-F score was lower than that of CON with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).

Conclusion: RE effectively relieved the cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in ECPs, improved their mental state, quality of life and mobility.

Keywords: Cancer patients; elderly; resistance exercise.
Effects of irradiated biological dressings on second-degree burn wounds
Authors: Zhang Xia , Zhang Yi , Wu Yangyang , Xia Qinchen , Ji Yaoyao , Yao Wangwang , Qi Jun , Cao Ling
Published: October 2023

Objective: To explore the effect of irradiated biological dressing (IBD) on second degree burn wounds.

Methods: Eighty patients with second-degree burns who were treated in our department were selected and randomly divided into IBD group and traditional dressing (TD) group by random number table method. The dressing change, wound healing, comfort and adverse reactions of patients in the two groups were compared and analysed.

Results: The number of dressing changes in the IBD group was significantly less than that in the TD group, and the pain degree of dressing changes was significantly lower than that in the TD group (P<0.05). The dressing comfort of the IBD group was higher than that of the TD group, the secondary trauma score was lower than that of the TD group, the wound scar hyperplasia score was lower than that of the TD group, and the healing time was shorter than that of the TD group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion: IBD can promote the healing of second-degree burn wounds, improve patient comfort, reduce secondary trauma and wound scarring, and improve patients' quality of life.

Keywords: Second-degree burn wounds; irradiated biological dressing; wound healing; effect.
A modified Park’s technique for creating a natural-looking double eyelid
Authors: Zhao Sichun , Zou Chong , Wang Tailing , Wang Jiaqi
Published: October 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate an improved park’s technique to create a natural double eyelid and reduce scar formation.

Methods: The levator aponeurosis, orbicularis oculi muscle, and dermis were fixed using subcutaneous intermittent sutures, and then the skin and the levator aponeurosis were sutured. Postoperative evaluation included double-eyelid stability, symmetry, double-eyelid curve, scar formation, and patient satisfaction.

Results: Between January 2021 and August 2021, a total of 89 patients (178 eyes) underwent double-eyelid blepharoplasty by the same surgeon using this improved technique. The mean follow-up period was 15.5 months (range 10 to 18 months). Seventy-six patients were very satisfied with this surgical method, six patients were rather satisfied, and seven patients were dissatisfied. The overall satisfaction rate was 92.1%.

Conclusion: This new blepharoplasty method generates a stable, natural double-eyelid line with minimal scarring.

Keywords: Blepharoplasty; Levator aponeurosis; Orbicularis oculi; Dermis; Fixation.
Clinical application of optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Lv Meng , Li Tuo , Li Yin
Published: October 2023

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is characterized by a retinal thickening or hard exudation deposition in the fundus microvasculature,capillary leakage, increased vascular permeability, extracellular fluid accumulation in the fovea of a foveal disc. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new item of fundus structure examination. OCTA is to reconstruct the retinal choroidal vascular structure from the continuous same cross-sectional views and blood flow signals obtained by optical scanning, thereby obtaining an image. It is very significant to evaluate, diagnose, treat and manage the disease.

Keywords: Diabetic macular edema; optical coherence tomography angiography; vascular endothelial growth factor; vessel density.
Prevalence and factors associated with suboptimal blood pressure among ambulatory patients with diabetic kidney disease attending a tertiary hospital in Uganda
Authors: Wamala David , Mutebi Edrisa , Kayima James
Published: October 2023

Background: Kidney failure prevalence is increasing among diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients in low-income countries. Suboptimal blood pressure (BP) drives kidney failure and mortality. The burden of suboptimal BP and its associated factors among these patients are not well documented.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of suboptimal BP and associated factors among those with DKD attending Kiruddu National Referral Hospital.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, recruited participants were screened for DKD using urine dipsticks from 6th May 2020 to 15th July 2020. A pretested questionnaire was administered, BP, height and weight were measured. Suboptimal BP was defined as systolic BP > 130mmHg and or diastolic BP > 80mmHg. A Poisson regression model analysed the associated factors.

Results: 250 participants with DKD, mean age of 52(11) years were included of whom 199 (79.6%) were female. Suboptimal BP prevalence was 84.4%, associated with past (p = 0.04) and current (p < 0.001) alcohol use, overweight (p < 0.001) and obesity (p < 0.001), wage earning (p < 0.001) and professionals (p = 0.048).

Conclusion: The prevalence of suboptimal BP was high among the overweight, obese, unemployed and alcohol users. Thus, there is a need for better BP control interventions

Keywords: Blood pressure; diabetes mellitus; kidney disease.
Examination the relationship between the health literacy of patients with type 2 diabetes and the use of complementary and alternative medicine
Authors: Özkan İlknur , Taylan Seçil , Eroğlu Nermin
Published: October 2023

Background: Health literacy and the use of complementary and alternative medicine are two important factors that should be evaluated the management of type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between the health literacy of patients with type 2 diabetes and the use of complementary and alternative medicine.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 1076 patients with type 2 diabetes. The data were collected using a descriptive information form and the Health Literacy Scale.

Results: It was found that 61.4% of the patients used complementary and alternative treatments. Patients’ total score from the Health Literacy scale was 48.90±19.92. The use of complementary and alternative therapy increased in the presence of another chronic disease or diabetic neuropathy and decreased with increased age and health literacy (R2 =050; Model: x2= 40.656, p=0.00).

Conclusions: It was determined that the health literacy of patients with type 2 diabetes was not enough and that the use of complementary and alternative treatments was high. With the increase in patients' health literacy, the use of complementary and alternative medicine decreased. It is recommended that health professionals evaluate patients’ health literacy and use of complementary and alternative therapies and provide counselling to ensure effective diabetes self-management.

Keywords: Health literacy; complementary and alternative medicine; type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Predictors of patient length of stay post stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Bijl Thea , Mudzi Witness , Comley-White Nicolette
Published: October 2023

Background: There is little research on length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients post stroke in South African rehabilitation facilities. As LOS is an important indicator of cost-of-care, this information may be useful to all stakeholders.

Objectives: To determine the predictors of hospital LOS in patients post stroke rehabilitation.

Methods: A retrospective file review of 243 patients.

Results: Patient functional ability was measured using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Predictors of LOS were determined with multiple regression analysis. The median admission and discharge FIM scores were 43 (range: 16-119) and 75 (range: 16-120) points respectively. The median LOS was 43 (range: 3-112) days. Predictors of LOS were premorbid psychiatric conditions, impaired speech, requiring oxygen support, the development of pneumonia and admission FIM motor score, with admission FIM motor score being the strongest individual predictor of LOS (41%).

Conclusion: Admission FIM score had an influence on patient outcomes and LOS. Patients with higher admission FIM motor scores may be able to participate in rehabilitation better and thus have shorter LOS. Being able to predict LOS on admission allows facility administrators to manage bed occupancy, human and clinical resources in post stroke rehabilitation.

Keywords: Length of stay; predictors; rehabilitation; stroke.
What can traditional plant therapy do in the face of Covid-19? Examples from traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Song Dandan , Deng Qian , Chen Hualiang
Published: October 2023

Background: Until June 2022, more than 540.9 million people had been diagnosed with COVID-19, and the pandemic had claimed more than six million lives worldwide. Two years after fighting the virus, we faced a more uncertain position. SARS-CoV-2 is constantly mutating and reappears regularly, particularly with Omicron variants showing high genetic variation and immune escape mechanisms. The efficacy and duration of protection of existing vaccines against new variants of SARS-CoV-2 remains uncertain. The world needs time to develop new variant-specific drugs, including monoclonal topics, vaccines, and other antiviral drugs, to fight the epidemic.

Objective: The aim of this study was to illustrate the scientific, effective and systematic nature of three classical prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of COVID-19 through comparison of disease symptoms, diagnostic process, and treatment methods and evidence-based and pharmacological studies.

Methods: We analysed the “Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia” (Version 9) made by China, “WHO-2019-nCoV-therapeutics”, “Therapeutic Guidelines” published by Australian Therapeutic Guidelines Limited, “Shanghan Lun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases)”, “Jinkui Yaolue (Golden Chamber Synopsis), and “Wenyi Lun (The Epidemic Febrile Disease)”. We manually retrieved the dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine (Version II). In addition, we searched the Wiley online library, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), VIP, WHO website, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for relevant literature from 2001 to 2022. We searched the original plants, ingredients, pharmacology, functions and indications, usage and dosage, drug efficacy, literature sources, and conduct an evidence-based studies. We quantified the strength of pharmacological action to show the pertinence of disease development.

Results: We found that the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection caused by epidemic disease in TCM classics is consistent with the diagnostic process of modern medical therapeutic guidelines. The three classic prescriptions have significant symptomatic therapeutic effects on the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary and hematological symptoms of the clinical manifestations of COVID-19. It was found that the herbal functional group of Houpo (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis), Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Cangzhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), etc showed strong anti-inflammatory activity and had a positive effect on treating and preventing the outbreaks of systemic inflammatory factors.

Conclusion: TCM can obtain obvious curative effect in symptomatic treatment, has strong anti-inflammatory effect, and can effectively reduce symptoms and patients' pain.

Keywords: COVID-19; traditional plant therapy; Qingfei Paidu decoction.
Women's experience of unexpected caesarean section birth in Kitui County, Kenya
Authors: K Kimanthi Zipporah , N Onsongo Lister
Published: October 2023

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, 72% of all Caesarean section (CS) births are unplanned compared to 27% of unplanned CS births done in developed countries. Various researches have been conducted on lived experiences following unexpected CS birth but none in Kitui County, Kenya.

Objective: This study described the lived experience of undergoing an unexpected CS and the role of cultural beliefs on childbirth among Kitui/Kamba women in Kenya.

Methods: A descriptive phenomenology design was used in this study. In-depth interviews of women who experienced unplanned Caesarean birth in Kitui County, Kenya, were conducted. Colaizzi’s method guided the analysis. Interviews were approximately 30 minutes long and audiotaped.

Results: A total of 12 mothers participated in the study. Fives themes and 11 sub-themes emerged from this study: fear (fear of disability and surgical complications), pain (physical and psychological pain), less of a woman (lowered self-esteem, powerless and worry), sullied (dispirited and will loss), and fallacy (misconception and effects of fallacy).

Conclusion: Disruption, dissatisfaction with the birth process, and unmet expectations were negative experiences. Healthcare workers should be sensitive when informing mothers of unplanned CS. More research to look for coping strategies to reduce negative birthing experiences.

Keywords: Birth experiences; midwifery; unexpected CS.
Multiple anti-seizure medications use and pattern of seizure control in children with epilepsy at neurology follow up clinic, Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Endayen Deginet , Ayalew Moges , Getahun Mengistu
Published: October 2023

Background: Antiseizure drug treatment is the mainstay of the management of epilepsies. Thirty percent of individuals with epilepsy experience refractory or drug resistant seizures which often require treatment with combinations of antiseizure drugs.

Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study of three hundred fifty-five children with epilepsy attending Tikur Anbessa hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Children with epilepsy who had been on Antiseizure medications for six months and more were consecutively enrolled from October 1 2018 to December 30 2018 to reach the calculated sample size. The history and laboratory result information were extracted from patient’s records and was supplemented by direct inquiry. Data was analyzed using SPSS for windows version 24. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done for those that had P-value (<0.05) on bivariate analysis and adjusted odds ratio were used to explore the association.

Results: One hundred twenty nine of the 355 children (36.3 %) were on multiple AEDs; 114(32.1%) were on dual therapy while 15(4.1%) were on three anti epileptic drugs.

Conclusion: One third of children with epilepsy attending the pediatric neurology clinics were being managed with multiple Anti-seizure drug therapy. Almost half of the participants had achieved seizure freedom in the past six months.

KeyWords: Multiple antiseizure medications; seizure-control; children; Ethiopia.
Contraceptive use and sexual quality of life of patients with thalassemia in Northern Cyprus: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Tastan Sevinc , Dogan Ciftci Hafize
Published: October 2023

Objective: Although contraception methods are an important factor affecting sexual life, no literature has been recorded aboutthe contraceptive methods used and the sexual life of thalassemia patients. The aim of this study is to document the effects ofand preferences of contraception methods used in the sexual lives of patients with thalassemia.

Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study took place in Northern Cyprus at a Thalassemia Center in a State Hospital.The study sample consisted of 100 thalassemia major or intermedia patients. The data includes descriptive characteristics, thepreference of contraception methods used by men and women and Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaires.

Results: Participants learned about contraception methods mostly from social media/internet, and 58.3% of the women and46.2% of the men did not use any contraception method within the last year. Women’s sexual quality of life score was 70.3±19.9and men’s Sexual Quality of Life score was 78.9±20.6. Women having knowledge of contraception methods had higher scoresthan man (p<0.05). Male patients not having physical exercise had sexual quality of life scores significantly lower than those whofollowed exercise programs (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Results indicate a significant need to include family planning and sexual health subjects that specifically addressthalassemia patients.

Keywords: Thalassemia; contraceptive; sexual quality of life.