bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profesorado principiante: entre montañas y veredas, aprendiendo a ser maestro en el sureste mexicano
Authors: Pinto Diaz Iván Alexis
Published: February 2021

Resultado del trabajo de campo de la investigación “los primeros años de ejercicio docente en educación básica. Reconstrucción de prácticas y experiencias en contextos desfavorecidos”, se presenta evidencias de la situación que enfrentan los profesores principiantes en las comunidades rurales del estado de Chiapas, en el sureste mexicano. Se recupera las peripecias, angustias y los aprendizajes de los primeros días y meses que como profesores principiantes viven en el centro de trabajo  y la comunidad. A partir de una serie de entrevistas in situ se documenta la experiencia, pero sobre todo se desentraña la distancia entre los procesos de formación que ofrecen las instituciones formadoras de profesores y la realidad que les toca vivir a los nuevos trabajadores de la educación; se destaca que no existe apoyo y acompañamiento para esos primeros momentos del ejercicio docente. Se hace evidente y como lo señalan los profesores, es la realidad lo que los forma y los compromete con la actividad profesional en la que se encuentran inmersos. El trabajo forma parte de una intención mayor, la de documentar la realidad y participar en el debate sobre la necesidad de establecer programas y apoyos para que los profesores principiantes se desarrollen y consoliden en la tarea docente. Como se notará, los profesores principiantes viven intensamente sus primeros contactos con su profesión (a pesar de las penurias y conflictos), es una experiencia reveladora y significativamente formativa, la cuestión es sistematizarla y presentarla como un recurso que puede potencializar la formación continua.
As pesquisas sobre professores iniciantes no Brasil: uma revisão
Authors: Corrêa Priscila Monteiro , Portella Vanessa Cristina Maximo
Published: February 2021

O campo da formação de professores vem ganhando cada vez mais destaque na produção acadêmica e o início da docência conﬁgura-se como uma temática ainda pouco explorada dentro desse campo maior (MARIANO, 2006A; PAPI; MARTINS, 2010). O objetivo do trabalho é contribuir para a sistematização/organização da atual produção do conhecimento sobre professores iniciantes no Brasil, a partir da síntese de Papi e Martins (2010), levantando e problematizando questões que emergem dos estudos sobre essa temática. O corpus do artigo é constituído pelos trabalhos apresentados nas reuniões anuais da ANPED nos anos de 2008, 2009, 2010 e 2011 e pelos trabalhos registrados no banco de teses da CAPES nos anos de 2008, 2009 e 2010. Na conclusão são apresentadas algumas iniciativas brasileiras destinadas à etapa de iniciação à docência e retomadas algumas evidências que emergiram da revisão realizada, tais como a importância de realizar pesquisas sobre o assunto nas diferentes regiões do país e de considerar nas pesquisas o trabalho também com professores que exercem seu ofício em diferentes tipos de escola. Os achados do trabalho reiteram as sínteses anteriores no sentido de mostrar a importância da continuidade dos investimentos em pesquisas sobre o início da docência.
Contribuições de um programa de Educação a Distância sobre Educação Inclusiva para a formação continuada do professor em início de carreira.
Authors: Silva Ione Arsenio , Reali Aline
Published: February 2021

A formação do professor é um processo contínuo e cada etapa ou ciclo da atividade docente requer um tipo de conhecimento específico, já que, as necessidades formativas de um professor em início de carreira diferem daquele com mais de 10 anos na profissão, que por sua vez, difere do que já atua nela há 20 anos. Assim, pode-se entender que o período inicial de formação docente é insuficiente para oferecer todos os conhecimentos de que um professor necessita para o desenvolvimento de sua prática educativa. Nesse sentido, outros espaços e períodos de formação como a continuada são considerados como imprescindíveis para subsidiar o trabalho docente. Este artigo trata sobre um estudo que procurou oferecer contribuições na busca por novos espaços formativos na medida em que investigou a formação do professor dentro do contexto da EaD. A partir da seguinte questão de pesquisa: Quais os limites e possibilidades de um programa de formação continuada a distancia via internet para professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental? Conduzimos um estudo efetuado totalmente a distancia em um ambiente telemático via Portal dos Professores (UFSCar) através da plataforma MOODLE, voltado para professores iniciantes. Adotando o modelo metodológico denominado construtivo – colaborativo, nossa investigação revelou entre outros pontos que a EaD via internet é um meio eficaz de formação profissional pois a web hoje oferece recursos capazes de romper com uma formação baseada na simples transmissão de conteúdo e com a ideia de aprendizagem passiva oportunizando a  formação de grupos virtuais de trabalho e de aprendizagem.
Empezar con buen pie: inserción a la enseñanza para profesores principiantes
Authors: García Carlos Marcelo
Published: February 2021

Los profesores, en su proceso de aprendizaje, pasan por diferentes etapas. De todas estas fases la que más nos interesa en este artículo es la que se inicia con los primeros contactos con la realidad de la escuela, asumiendo el papel profesional reservado a los docentes. La inserción profesional en la enseñanza es el periodo de tiempo que abarca los primeros años, en los cuales los profesores han de realizar la transición desde estudian­tes a docentes. Es un periodo de tensiones y aprendizajes inten­sivos en contextos generalmente desconocidos y durante el cual los profesores principiantes deben adquirir conocimiento profesional además de conseguir mantener un cierto equilibrio personal. Los programas de inserción profesional para los profesores principiantes son una verdadera alternativa para favorecer que los primeros años como docentes no sean años frustrantes. a lo que hemos denominado “aterriza como puedas”.
A questão das competências
Authors: Ribas Mariná Holzmann
Published: February 2021

Este texto é o resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com a finalidade de esclarecer o que se vem entendendo por competências, habilidade e capacidades, tendo em vista que são termos polissêmicos. A elaboração do texto visa trazer informações, em especial aos professores da educação básica de uma forma mais acessível, como alguns autores vêm concebendo os termos já citados, nas pesquisas divulgadas na última década e tentar explicitá-los, uma vez que, principalmente, a conceituação de competência está recebendo diferentes e contraditórias significações nos meios escolares, o que dificulta a orientação da prática pedagógica dos profissionais da educação e de instituições que perspectivam a implantação/implementação de outra estrutura para a educação.
Gestão da organização a partir dos talentos
Authors: Gozo Aparecida Theodora , Pacheco Maria Eliza Corrêa
Published: February 2021

Necessidade de inovação e espírito empreendedor são expressões hoje sempre muito presentes quando se trata do conjunto de habilidades gerenciais. O presente artigo focaliza os desafios que os novos tempos têm imposto a todos quantos se dedicam a avaliar o direcionamento das ações na educação e que fatos da realidade do país no campo da gestão merecem destaque.
The impact of ODA in constructing road traffic infrastructure on Vietnam’s economic growth
Authors: Dang Thanh Cuong , Nguyen Dang Bang , Trinh Thi Hang , Banh Thi Thao , Nguyen Thi Thu Cuc
Published: February 2021

The study examines the impact of official development assistance (ODA) in constructing road transport infrastructure on Vietnam’s economic growth. The authors select gross domestic product (GDP) to represent economic growth and test the influence of ODA in constructing road traffic infrastructure on Vietnam's GDP. Based on the references and analysis of previous studies, the authors propose an impact assessment model of ODA in constructing road transport infrastructure, Foreign direct investment (FDI), Domestic Investment (VDT) and Labor Force (Labor) to economic growth through GDP as a dependent variable. The regression results show that the ODA had a positive impact on GDP. Moreover, ODA plays an important role in constructing road transport infrastructure on Vietnam’s economic growth.
Identification, evaluation, and allotment of critical risk factors (CRFs) in real estate projects: India as a case study
Authors: Malek MohammedShakil S. , Mohibali Saiyed Farhana , Bachwani Dhiraj
Published: February 2021

The boom of real estate has been a motivating force for economic growth in India for the past few years. However, the Real Estate (RE) market of India is still in the embryonic phase and juvenile. In the context of the real estate projects, it is a general situation observed that such projects cannot meet the target as the Indian real estate companies are deficient in scientific management technology to confront the risks. The research paper aims to focus mainly on constraints and demurral of Risk Management (RM) in RE firms of India to investigate findings for the same in the Indian Real estate market and further focusing on RE projects of Ahmedabad. The paper is mostly founded on an overview of individuals who are straightforwardly or firmly identified with the administration and the RE business in India. The questionnaire survey shall be targeted over the five prime territories of Ahmedabad. This research further highlights to concerned identified primary critical risk factors (by Criticality Index Method) influencing the residential real estate market and then developing a framework for assessing the factors carrying out the quantitative analysis using various analytical methods of SPSS software, Factor analysis, ANOVA and Post-Hoc Test. The validation of the results has been done through a survey of experienced experts. The critical risks identified based on the questionnaire survey are modeled through the decision tree diagram.
Linking entrepreneurial orientation to project success in construction projects
Authors: Sajid Muhammad , Zaidi ShahRukh , Haq Saif UL , Chugtai M. Ahsan , Ahmed Adeel
Published: February 2021

Entrepreneurial orientation is found to influence Project success along with the moderation of adaptive organizational culture and people centered management in most of the cases. This study, by addressing the moderation brings clarity to the assessment of the relation of entrepreneurial orientation dimensions on project success and is a contribution to the advancement of knowledge enhancement and improvement in Pakistan. A predominantly quantitative research strategy supported by qualitative inputs employed to obtain empirical data from 256 corporate firms in Punjab Pakistan. The gathered data examined by the structural equation modeling through Partial least square method. The results indicate that innovativeness, risk taking and proactiveness reflect the entrepreneurial orientation components. The findings of this study conclude that three dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation Innovation, Risk-taking and Proactiveness have significant and positive influence on project success. When these three dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation are moderated with adaptive organizational culture and People-Centered Management shows moderate to strong relations between different variables with a few insignificant results.
O impacto da gestão documental nos arquivos de engenharia e arquitetura: uma análise do arquivo da DIPOP do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe
Authors: Anjos Franklin Gabriel Souza dos , Silva Manuela Do Nascimento , Bari Valéria Aparecida
Published: February 2021

Introdução: A Gestão da Informação e do Conhecimento é uma atividade especializada no cotidiano de um arquivo, seja ele público ou privado, caracterizando-o como uma unidade de informação. Este artigo tem por objetivo ressaltar o impacto que uma gestão documental de qualidade tem sobre um arquivo especializado, sob os princípios da gestão da informação e do conhecimento, a busca pela mediação da informação documental implícita e explícita e o cumprimento da função social da universidade pública e de qualidade. Método: Foi utilizado como base para a análise descritiva o arquivo da Diretoria de Planejamento de Obras e Projetos do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe. O artigo também fez uso da pesquisa bibliográfica de revisão narrativa de literatura, baseada na análise de livros, artigos, monografias, legislação e manuais arquivísticos, entre outros trabalhos. Resultados: A aplicação da Gestão da Informação e do Conhecimento, gestão documental e mediação informacional especializada no arquivo da Diretoria de Planejamento de Obras e Projetos, alterou positivamente a concretização de objetivos informacionais no Arquivo Especializado em Arquitetura e Engenharia. Conclusão: A gestão da unidade de informação da Diretoria de Planejamento de Obras e Projetos, otimizou o processo de recuperação da informação, respeitando o perfil dos usuários, a função especializada em Arquitetura e Engenharia, a função social do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe, disseminando a informação especializada para a sociedade e construindo conhecimento especializado com impactos sociais para além da estrutura institucional.
Principles of Locking Plate Fixation of Proximal Humerus Fractures
Authors: Omid Reza , Trasolini Nicholas A. , Stone Michael A. , Namdari Surena
Published: February 2021

Proximal humerus fractures are common, particularly in elderly patients and those with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Although nonsurgical management results in satisfactory outcomes for most patients, surgical treatment is indicated in select cases. Despite an increasing trend toward arthroplasty, open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures can still provide excellent clinical outcomes. Proper technique for internal fixation of the proximal humerus requires an understanding of osseous and neurovascular anatomy. In particular, understanding reliable regions of biomechanically superior bone can help prevent failure of fixation. Biomechanical studies have shown that locked plating of proximal humerus fractures provides stable fixation. Cadaveric and finite element models underscore the importance of screw placement in the posteromedial metaphysis. When medial column support is challenging to obtain, or when bone quality is poor, augmentation with bone autograft, allograft, and/or synthetic composites can improve the biomechanics of internal fixation constructs. The purpose of this review is to outline the anatomic, biologic, and biomechanical principles of plate fixation for proximal humerus fractures to provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing fixation and preventing fixation failure.
Cemented Femoral Fixation Using a Direct Anterior Approach: Background, Indications, and Surgical Technique
Authors: Hernandez Nicholas M. , Gausden Elizabeth B. , Taunton Michael J.
Published: February 2021

The use of the direct anterior approach (DAA) in total hip arthroplasty has increased dramatically over the past decade. Potential benefits of the DAA include earlier functional recovery and lower risk of periprosthetic dislocation, but issues with periprosthetic fracture and femoral loosening have been reported, particularly in elderly patients. Cemented femoral fixation may offer a means to decrease early femoral failure in elderly patients undergoing the DAA. Here, we will present a step-by-step technique for cementing the femoral implant through the DAA.
The Tonga earthquake of 23 June, 1977 some initial observations
Authors: Campbell M. D. , McKay G. R. , Williams R. L.
Published: February 2021

Following the 23 June, 1977 Tonga earthquake, the authors were made available by the New Zealand Ministry of Works and Development (through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Bi-lateral Aid Programme) to the Tongan Government to help survey building damage and to recommend repairs and strengthening necessary to protect the structures from future earthquakes. The authors were also required to supervise government reconstruction teams.

Recommendations are at present being prepared for structural design requirements for future building work in the Kingdom.
Total robotic surgical volume influences outcomes of low-volume robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy over an extended duration
Authors: Aldousari Saad , Yaiesh Said , Alkandari Omar
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The objective of this study was to examine the surgeon’s experience of low-volume robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) over an extended duration, and whether a high-volume fellowship-training influenced the outcomes.

Methods: Data on all RAPN at a tertiary center performed by a uro-oncologist were retrospectively collected. The surgeon experience was assessed by examining perioperative outcomes among three groups of consecutive patients (first=14, second=14, third=15 patients, respectively).

Results: Between February 2014 and February 2020, 45 RAPNs were performed out of a total of 200 robotic procedures. The median tumor size was 3 cm, and 28 (65%) patients had a R.E.N.A.L nephrometry score (RNS) ≥7. The median operative time and warm ischemia time (WIT) were 190 and 16 minutes, respectively. The median estimated blood loss (EBL) was 100 mL. Two (4%) patients had a positive surgical margin (PSM). Overall, five (12%) complications were recorded. All except one were minor (Clavien I–II). The median followup was 26.2 months. Trifecta and pentafecta were achieved in 40 (93%) and 27 (81.8%) patients, respectively. Increased surgeon experience was significantly associated with a shorter operative time and less EBL. Furthermore, there was an independent association between surgeon experience and operative time and EBL, and between RNS and operative time and WIT.

Conclusions: With fellowship training and subsequent adequate total number of robotic procedures during practice, it is possible to perform RAPN with favorable perioperative outcomes in the setting of low-volume of cases over an extended duration.
Radical cystectomy and perioperative chemotherapy in octogenarians with bladder cancer
Authors: Savin Ziv , Hertzberg Haim , Schreter Eran , Ben David Reuben , Bar-Yosef Yuval , Sofer Mario , Beri Avi , Yossepowitch Ofer , Mano Roy
Published: February 2021

Introduction: We aimed to compare the treatment patterns and oncological outcomes, including postoperative morbidity and chemotherapy use, between octogenarians and patients <80 years of age who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 119 patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer at our center between January 2013 and April 2019. Comorbidities, clinical and pathological data, 30-day postoperative morbidity, and perioperative chemotherapy use were compared between octogenarians (n=31) and younger patients (n=88). Cancer-specific and overall survival rates were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between the groups.

Results: No significant differences were found between the age groups in clinical and pathological findings, including Charlson comorbidity index, modified frailty index, albumin level, renal function, and TNM stage. The median followup for survivors was 19 months (interquartile range [IQR] 11–30). Major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3) and 30-day postoperative mortality rates did not differ between the age groups (p=0.3 and p=0.18, respectively). Despite no difference in baseline glomerular filtration rates, perioperative chemotherapy utilization rate was lower among octogenarians compared to younger patients (13% vs. 34%, p=0.03). Estimated two-year cancer-specific survival for octogenerians and younger patients were 40% and 75%, respectively. Similarly, estimated two-year overall survival rates were 30% and 69%, respectively. Both cancer-specific and overall survival rates were significantly lower in octogenarians (p=0.007 and p=0.001, respectively).

Conclusions: Radical cystectomy in octogenarians results in comparable short-term outcomes as in younger patients. However, in the elderly population, perioperative chemotherapy utilization rates are lower and survival is inferior.
Cooled (4ºC) lidocaine during office cystoscopy improves patient satisfaction and comfort: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study
Authors: Razdan Sanjay , Bajpai Rajesh , Razdan Shirin , Sanchez-Gonzalez Marcos
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Office-based flexible cystoscopy is often associated with considerable discomfort in male patients. We devised this study to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of cooling intraurethral lidocaine jelly to 4ºC prior to use in office-based cystoscopy in an effort to reduce male patient discomfort.

Methods: A total of 600 male patients scheduled for office diagnostic cystoscopy were enrolled and randomized into three groups for a prospectively controlled, double-blind study. Each group received one of the three methods of intraurethral lubrication: plain room temperature lubricant (control) (CON), room temperature lidocaine (LI), or lidocaine at 4ºC (LI4ºC). Perceived pain was recorded on a Likert visual analog scale (VAS) of 1–10 where 0=no pain and 10=excruciating pain. Kruskal-Wallis test assessed the efficacy of cooling lidocaine compared to room temperature lidocaine and control. Subjective pain reporting was corroborated with instantaneous objective pulse rate recording eliminating perception bias.

Results: There was no significant difference in cystoscopy duration between all groups. Mean pain scores (mean ± standard deviation) were 4.05±0.91, 2.74±1.01, and 1.8±0.84, respectively, for groups CON, LI, and LI4ºC (p=0.02). There was a 32.34% reduction in the mean pain score of LI and a further reduction of 34.3% was achieved in LI4ºC when compared to CON. Body mass index (BMI) and prostate weight had a significant positive correlation with pain score, whereas no such correlation was found with age.

Conclusions: Cooling lidocaine to 4ºC provides additional analgesic benefit in men undergoing office cystoscopy and increases compliance.
Prostate cancer detection with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/cognitive fusion biopsy: Comparing standard and targeted prostate biopsy with final prostatectomy histology
Authors: Ryan James , Broe Mark P. , Moran Diarmaid , Mulvin David , Heffernan Eric , Swan Niall , Moran Deirdre E.
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with targeted biopsies of the prostate improves the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer. Recent studies have shown that targeted prostate biopsies also more accurately predict final histopathology after radical prostatectomy (RP). There are three broad techniques for performing MRI-targeted prostate biopsy: cognitive MRI/ultrasound (US) fusion, software MRI/US fusion, and in-bore MRI-guided. Current practices recommend that a standard systematic 12-core prostate biopsy be performed, as well as targeted biopsies in patients with positive MRI findings. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of histological grading of cognitive MRI/US fusion prostate biopsy by comparing the histology from the targeted biopsy specimens (TB), standard systematic specimens (SB), and the combination of both (CB) specimens with the final histological grade from subsequent prostatectomy.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center review of 115 patients who underwent standard systematic and cognitive MRI/US-targeted biopsy of the prostate before undergoing a RP between 2016 and 2019 was performed. MRI findings, biopsy, final histology International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grades, and patient demographics were collected. Cochran’s Q test and McNemar test were used to compare the differences in upgrading, downgrading, and concordance between each biopsy group.

Results: The concordance between SB, TB, and CB biopsy were 28.7%, 49.6%, and 50.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference in concordance between TB and CB. Patients were more likely to be downgraded on the final histology when comparing CB with TB alone (26.1% vs. 16.5%, p<0.05). In cases where an ISUP grade 1 cancer was diagnosed on TB (n=24), there was a 62.5% chance that the final histology would be upgraded. In the same sample, when combined with a SB, the risk of upgrading on final histology reduced to 37.5%.

Conclusions: Although grading concordance between TB and CB were similar, the concomitant use of a SB significantly reduced the rate of upgrading in the final RP histopathology. CB may result in better decision-making regarding treatment options and also have implications for intraoperative planning.
Knowledge, skills, and confidence among healthcare staff in urinary catheterization
Authors: Bhatt Nikita R , Davis Niall F. , Thorman Hannah , Brierly Robert , Scopes Judy
Published: February 2021

Introduction: There is an increasing volume of urology referrals for urinary catheterization (UC). The aim of this study was to determine the confidence and knowledge among healthcare staff on UC. We also assessed their satisfaction with training and support received during catheter education and clinical practice.

Methods: This was a mixed-methods model using an anonymous online survey circulated among all hospital staff. Weekly reminders were sent, quantitative data was obtained from closed-ended questions, and thematic analysis was performed for qualitative open-ended questions.

Results: The response rate was 26% (n=90/350), from a heterogenous group of doctors and nurses from various specialties and grades in the hospital and community frequently dealing with UC. There was decreasing confidence levels in female UC (54%, n=47/87), three-way catheters (33%, n=29/89), and managing suprapubic catheters (25%, n=21/85). Female UC was reported as the most difficult of catheter insertions (35%, n=31/90). Although 83% (n=74/89) of respondents received catheter education, 53% (n=48/90) felt this was insufficient for clinical practice. Fifty-one percent (n=45/89) believed more support with UC in clinical practice was required and 64% (n=57/89) recommended changes in catheter education. The most common theme identified was the need for ongoing education and more practical supervision in clinical practice.

Conclusions: Catheter training should focus on different types of catheters and management of difficult catheter scenarios. Standardizing safe catheter education during undergraduate training and including this as a part of regular annual or biannual mandatory training for healthcare staff involved in dealing with catheters in clinical practice would be the way forward.
Assessment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-fusion prostate biopsy with concurrent standard systematic ultrasound-guided biopsy among men requiring repeat biopsy
Authors: Sun Ryan , Fast Andrew , Kirkpatrick Iain , Cho Patrick , Saranchuk Jeffery
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-fusion biopsy (FB) remains unclear in men with prior negative prostate biopsies. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FB with concurrent systematic biopsy (SB) in patients requiring repeat prostate biopsies.

Methods: Patients with previous negative prostate biopsies requiring repeat biopsies were included. Those without suspicious lesions (≥Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] 3) on MRI were excluded. All patients underwent FB followed by SB. The primary outcome was the sensitivity for clinically significant prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥7). The secondary objective was identification of potential predictive factors of biopsy performance.

Results: A total of 53 patients were included; 41 (77%) patients were found to have clinically significant prostate cancer. FB had a higher detection rate of significant cancer compared to SB (85% vs. 76%, respectively, p=0.20) and lower diagnosis of indolent (Gleason score 3+3=6) cancer (10% vs. 27%, respectively, p=0.05). FB alone missed six (15%) clinically significant cancers, compared to 10 (24%) with SB. SB performance was significantly impaired in patients with anterior lesions and high prostate volumes (p<0.05). There was high degree of pathological discordance between the two approaches, with concordance seen in only 34% of patients.

Conclusions: In patients with prior negative biopsies and ongoing suspicion for prostate cancer, a combined approach of FB with SB is needed for optimal detection and risk classification of clinically significant disease. Anterior tumors and large prostates were significant predictors of poor SB performance and an MRI-fusion alone approach in these settings could be considered.
Pracademia: a personal account of a mediation clinic and its development
Authors: Irvine Charlie
Published: February 2021

Pracademia: a personal account of a mediation clinic and its development

This article tells the story of University of Strathclyde Mediation Clinic through the eyes of its founder. Taking its first case in 2012, by the start of 2021 it will be providing a free mediation service in 16 of Scotland’s 39 sheriff courts, covering more than half the country’s population. Yet it started with no plan, no budget and a few volunteers. The article makes the case that mediation clinics, like mediation itself, call for improvisation, coining the term ‘pracademia’ to describe how such clinics straddle the two worlds of practice and theory.
Herstelgericht handelen. Groeikansen voor de hele school
Authors: Beerten Maria
Published: February 2021

Restorative practices. Growing opportunities for schools

Implementing a restorative policy is a difficult job for schools. In schools based on sanctions teachers need to know the rules, but in schools based on restorative justice everyone, especially students, understands the rules and believes in them. The relation has priority. Such a school needs a vision on the restorative method for parents, teachers and students to solve unacceptable behaviour and conflicts. It focuses on self-discipline instead of discipline.
Effect of Betadine on Lymphocele Formation During Kidney Transplantation Surgery
Authors: Namdari Farshad , Dialameh Hossein , Ali Zoha , Farazandeh Dorreh , Kiani Mahsa , Eghbali Bahareh , Fallahi Afshin , Hamidi Morteza
Published: February 2021

Background: Lymphocele formation post-renal transplantation surgery can cause various complications such as pelvic pain, frequent urination, hydronephrosis, deep vein thrombosis, etc. It is, therefore, necessary to prevent and treat lymphocele. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of rinsing the surgical site with betadine (povidone-iodine 2%) on the prevention of lymphocele formation during kidney transplantation surgery. Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2019. The study population consisted of 60 kidney transplant patients referred to Sina Hospital, located in Tehran, who were randomized into two groups of study and control by simple randomization using a computer-generated random list. The surgical site of one group (control group: 30 patients) was washed with povidone-iodine 2%, but this operation was not performed for the patients of the other group (control group: 30 patients). One month after the surgery, patients were monitored for lymphocele via ultrasound, and their sera’s creatinine level was measured to assess renal function. For all statistical interpretations, P < 0.05 value was accepted as being significant. Statistical analyses were performed with statistical software package SPSS version 23. Results: Results: The mean serum creatinine level of patients in the case group was 2.50 ± 1.78, and in the control group was 2.31 ± 1.89. Ultrasound performed one-month post-renal transplant showed the presence of lymphocele in 17 patients out of the total 30 in the study group, while the control group had only 12. Conclusions: It seems that the use of betadine during kidney transplant surgery does not prevent the formation of lymphocele after the surgery
Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Lowers Body Fat Percentage in Rural Black South African Women
Authors: Ntshaba Samuel , Mhlongo Mbali , Erasmus Henrico , Shaw Ina , Shaw Brandon Stuwart
Published: February 2021

Background: Obesity is currently one of the most dominating diseases affecting younger adults in South Africa. This is commonly caused by a poor lifestyle, which may lead to an increased risk of non-communicable diseases. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine if a six-week concurrent resistance and aerobic training program could elicit body composition and cardiorespiratory changes in rural black college women. Methods: Forty sedentary black females (aged 18 - 25 years) were randomly assigned to a combined resistance and aerobic training (COM) group (n = 20) or a control group (n = 20). The COM group participated in four times weekly aerobic and resistance training. Aerobic training consisted of 30 minutes a session (week 1 - 3: cycling for 3 minutes at 60% heart rate reserve (HRR), followed by 2 minutes at 50% HRR; week 4 - 6: 3 minutes at 70% HRR, followed by 2 minutes at 60% HRR). Resistance training consisted of participants training at 50% of their one-repetition maximum (1-RM) for week 1 - 3, doing 3 sets of 15 repetitions; for week 4 - 6 at 60% 1-RM, doing 3 sets of 15 repetitions. Results: Following the intervention, the COM group significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased their body fat percentage when compared to the control group (P = 0.006; d = 0.9), while no significant changes were observed in waist-to-hip ratio (P = 0.223) and cardiorespiratory endurance (P = 0.260) in either group. Conclusions: Although body composition (especially waist circumference and body fat percentage) and cardiorespiratory fitness are recommended as the main targets of physical activity programs aimed at preventing CVD in college students, this study demonstrated that a six-week concurrent program improved body fat percentage, and not WHR and cardiorespiratory fitness, in sedentary rural college-aged females. Further, these findings suggest that one method of program design does not fit all populations and that exercise prescription should be targeted and not generalized.
Iranian Endocrine Society Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Valizadeh Majid , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Ramezani Tehrani Fahimeh , Abdi Hengameh , Mehran Ladan , Hadaegh Farzad , Amouzegar Atieh , Sarvghadi Farzaneh , Azizi Fereidoun ,   Iranian Endocrine Society Task Force
Published: February 2021

Context: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important endocrine disorder in perinatology, associated with several maternal and neonatal complications. Development of national guidelines can inform clinicians, health policymakers, and researchers about the most recent evidence and practical issues of diagnosis and management of GDM. Objectives: We aimed to develop clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GDM in Iranian pregnant women. Evidence Acquisition: The Iranian Endocrine Society constituted a task force, consisting of obstetrician-gynecologists, endocrinologists, a clinical nutritionist, a clinical epidemiologist, and a librarian, to review the published literature and propose national guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GDM. The consensus was reached on all recommendations in several group meetings with a majority decision. The evidence and recommendations were graded according to the American College of Physicians’ Guideline Grading System. Results: The proposed guidelines included recommendations for screening, diagnosis, and management of GDM in Iran. Conclusions: By using an evidence-based approach, these national GDM guidelines can address important clinical issues in the diagnosis and management of Iranian women with GDM.
The Effects of Family Psychoeducation Courses on Depression, Anxiety and Family Functioning in the Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Haji Seyed Javadi Seyed Alireza , Hashemi Seyedeh Zahra , Zamir Seyed Mohsen
Published: February 2021

Background: Schizophrenia is one of the most serious psychiatric diseases that affects the patient’s family members in addition to the patient himself. This disease can lead to depression and anxiety in the family members of the patient and even affect their functioning. Objectives: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a short-term family psychoeducation course on the depression and anxiety family functioning in caregivers Methods: In this before-after clinical trial, 163 first-degree family members of patients with schizophrenia were invited to participate in a short-term FPE course. A total of 65 of this group attended the first training session. Prior to the first session, the beck depression inventory (BDI), the beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the family assessment device (FAD) were completed for the participants based on a family functioning model. Six months after the end of the FPE course, the 36 subjects who had completed the initial questionnaires and fully attended the sessions were invited to complete the questionnaires again. A total of 31 subjects completed the questionnaires again at this stage. The data were analyzed by SPSS-20 software using Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon rank tests. Results: The mean age of the participants in both stages of questionnaire completion was 48.64 ± 11.85 years. Among them, 16 (51.6%) were female, and 15 (48.4%) were male. Also, six (19.4%) subjects had an education above high school, and mothers were the most frequent participating family members with a frequency of 11 (35.5%). The anxiety and depression scores of these subjects were 10.8 ± 5.14 and 6.9 ± 2.45 at baseline, respectively. These scores decreased significantly after six months to 5.03 ± 2.48 and 4.40 ± 1.9, respectively. In addition, among family functioning, Role and Behavioral control was significantly improved (P-value < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that depression and anxiety levels decreased in the family members of the examined patients six months after an FPE course. This effect can be further investigated through studies conducted with control groups. These findings suggest that the integration and institutionalization of FPE programs in the healthcare system are essential for improving the status of patient caregivers with severe psychiatric illnesses and their families.
Quantum Dots Application in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Hasannejadasl Behnam , Pooresmaeil Janbaz Farkhondeh , Choupani Edris , Fadaie Mahmood , Hamidinejad Mohammad Ali , Ahmadvand Davoud
Published: February 2021

: Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles (NPs) with electronic and optical properties such as emitting bright light and fluorescence. They also carry specific characters such as photostability, high quantum yield, high emission, and size-turnable. Nowadays, a great interest is given to the extensive use of theranostic-NPs for sensing and imaging, as well as drug delivery. Moreover, QDs may yield great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of various central nervous system (CNS) diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and multiple sclerosis). The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain tissue. Only certain small molecules like water and gases can cross BBB, whereas larger molecules enter via receptors, but many drugs are incapable of passing the barrier. A series of great advances have been achieved concerning using different NPs (e.g., QDs) to deliver drugs to the brain and CNS imaging. In this review, we discussed a wide variety of QDs along with their production, passive or active delivery of therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases, and different image production.
Georg Trakl’s Poem “Hölderlin”
Authors: Alexander Moore Ian , Weichselbaum Hans , Trakl Georg ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2021

This document includes the first English translation of Georg Trakl’s recently discovered poem “Hölderlin,” along with two commentaries on it. Moore’s commentary highlights the significance of this poem for continental philosophy (especially Heidegger and Derrida) by focusing on the German word for madness, Wahnsinn, which Trakl (mis)spells with three n’s. Moore argues that this word resists the sense of gentle gathering that Heidegger locates in Trakl’s poetry and therefore in Hölderlin and his madness. Trakl is, rather, a precursor to Paul Celan. Moore’s commentary concludes with a new translation of Celan’s own poetic response to Hölderlin, titled “Tübingen, Jänner.” Weichselbaum’s commentary discusses the background for the genesis and discovery of Trakl’s “Hölderlin.” Weichselbaum compares this poem with other moments in which Trakl alludes to Hölderlin.
Spirit of Time/Spirit of Place
Authors: Malpas Jeff ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2021

This essay is a meditation on the relevance of the concept of Zeitgeist for thinking about the ills of our contemporary globalized world. Exploring the heritage of the term from Roman times through to Herder, Hegel, and others, Malpas argues that Zeitgeist (literally: spirit of the time) nevertheless includes a notion of place such that time always unfolds in and through place. It is Heidegger who, for Malpas, most illuminatingly thinks this belonging-together of place and time. Malpas explores the disorientation and anxiety created by the spatialization of the modern world, which imagines that horizons of time and place can be dissolved into unbounded, undifferentiated space.
Discordance in Diagnosis of Melanocytic Lesions and Its Impact on Clinical Management
Authors: Ronen Shira , Al-Rohil Rami N. , Keiser Elizabeth , Jour George , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Tetzlaff Michael T. , Curry Jonathan L. , Ivan Doina , Middleton Lavinia P. , Torres-Cabala Carlos A. , Gershenwald Jeffrey E. , Aung Phyu P. , Prieto Victor G.
Published: February 2021

Context.—

Accurate diagnosis of melanocytic lesions is fundamental for appropriate clinical management.

Objective.—

To evaluate the degree of discordance, if any, between histopathologic diagnoses of melanocytic lesions at referring institutions and at a tertiary referral cancer center and the potential impact of such discordance on clinical management.

Design.—

We retrospectively identified all patients referred to our comprehensive cancer center for evaluation of a melanocytic lesion from January 2010 to January 2011. For each patient, the histopathologic diagnosis from the referring institution was compared with the histopathologic diagnosis from a dermatopathologist at our center. Discordances were classified as major if they resulted in a change in clinical management and minor if they did not.

Results.—

A total of 1521 cases were included. The concordance rates were 72.2% (52 of 72) for dysplastic nevus, 75.0% (15 of 20) for all other types of nevi, 91.1% (143 of 157) for melanoma in situ, 96.1% (758 of 789) for invasive melanoma, and 99.6% (478 of 480) for metastatic melanoma. Major discordances were found in 20.2% of cases (307 of 1521), and minor discordances were found in 48.8% of cases (742 of 1521). Compared with the guideline-based treatment recommendation based on the referring-institution diagnosis, the guideline-based treatment recommendation based on the cancer center diagnosis was more extensive in 5.9% (89 of 1521) of patients and less extensive in 5.0% (76 of 1521) of patients.

Conclusions.—

Our findings underscore the importance of secondary histopathologic review of melanocytic lesions by expert dermatopathologists because significant changes in the diagnosis, tumor classification, and/or staging may be identified, thus, resulting in critical changes in recommendations for clinical management.
Prognostic parameters in patients with resected liver metastases from colorectal cancer after biological and chemotherapy
Authors: Džunić Miljana , Petković Ivan , Cvetanović Ana , Pejčić Ivica , Vrbić Svetislav , Dinić Saša
Published: February 2021

The aim of the research was to investigate prognostic factors in patients with resected colorectal liver metastases (CLMs) after biological and chemotherapy, which made initially unresectable disease suitable for resection. Sixty-six patients with resected CLMs, operated after induction bio-chemotherapy with bevacizumab + FOLFOX4, treated at the Clinic of Oncology, Clinical Center Niš from 2010 - 2017 were included. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test according to demographic characteristics, characteristics of the disease and the treatment. A univariate COX regression analysis was performed. In patients with up to 4 CLMs, DFS was significantly longer than in patients with five or more metastases (18,384 v.s. 6,85 months; p < 0,001). Significantly longer OS was present in patients with up to four CLMs than in those with five or more CLMs (44,687 v.s. 29,723 months; p=0,006) and in patients without extrahepatic disease (41,71 v.s. 23,283 months; p=0,012). In the univariate analysis, five or more CLMs were predictors of poorer DFS (HR 3,989; 95% CI 1,055 - 15,087; p = 0,042), whereas the absence of extrahepatic disease was a predictor of better OS (HR 0,122; 95% CI 0,017 - 0,869; p = 0,036). Results of this research are in concordance with previous larger studies in patients with resected CLMs. The number of hepatic and the presence of extrahepatic metastases are prognostic parameters in patients with resected CLM after conversion bio-chemotherapy.
Effect of emergency severity index implementation on the waiting time for patients to receive health services in the emergency department
Authors: Sarvari Akbar , Habibzadeh Hosein , Alilu Leyla , Sheikhi Naser
Published: February 2021

The waiting time for patients in the emergency department to receive health services influences many processes in this department. This research aimed to determine the effect of implementation and deployment of emergency severity index (ESI) on the waiting time for patients to receive health services in the emergency department. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 736 patients who were referred to the emergency department of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Mahabad. For the ESI triage implementation, 368 patients were assigned to the pre-intervention group and 368 patients were selected for the post-intervention group, using a simple random sampling. Before and after the ESI triage implementation, the waiting time for patients to receive services was measured and recorded using a chronometer. For data analysis, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Before and after the intervention, both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables (p > 0.05). The results of Mann-Whitney test indicate that implementation of emergency severity index (ESI) has a positive effect on the decrease of average time intervals to provide health services, as well as on the entire length of stay in the emergency department (p < 0.05). Given the effect of the ESI triage implementation that reduced the waiting time for patients to receive health services, ESI is recommended for training nurses and other emergency staff.