bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Open access redefined:
Survey data and literature review on the impact of Sci-Hub in orthopedic research (Preprint)
Authors: Gathen Martin , Cucchi Davide , Jansen Tom Rainer , Jaenisch Max , Kabir Koroush , Randau Thomas Martin
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Since Alexandra Elbanyan founded Sci-Hub in 2011, the website has been used by a growing number of researchers worldwide. Sci-Hub is a so-called shadow library or guerilla open access format bypassing publishers’ paywalls, giving everyone free access to scientific papers. Until today, there are no publications about orthopedic and trauma surgeon usage Sci-Hub or other “pirate-sides” and how it may influence their work.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to objectify Sci-Hub’s use and potential impact to research the field of orthopedic and trauma surgery.

METHODS

Orthopedic and trauma surgeons of four university hospitals in Germany and Europe were consulted using a standardized questionnaire containing multiple items about the use and evaluation of Sci-Hub. In addition, the Medline and Cochrane databases were screened for all studies related to Sci-Hub. Two reviewers independently reviewed all articles and the references of these articles.

RESULTS

69% of all orthopedics knew Sci-Hub and 66,7% used it on a regular basis. 77% of younger participants (<45 years old) knew the webpage, while only 25% older participants (>45 years old) knew the webpage. 90% found the quality of their citation and research was enhanced since using Sci-Hub. On a scale of 1 to 10, user friendliness was rated with a mean rating of 7.58 (95%; CI: 7.262 – 7.891). Ethical or legal concerns among users seem mixed. On a scale of 1 (no concerns) to 5 (many concerns), the mean score was 2.39 (95%; CI: 2.154 – 2.615). 89% of doctors using Sci-Hub would recommend it to other colleagues.

CONCLUSIONS

The quality and number of articles in Sci-Hub is outstanding, and the rate of young researchers using the website is high. The most important shift in literature research for decades is a phenomenon mostly used by young researchers and is not the subject of current research itself. Sci-Hub has already and will further change how orthopedic research works.
Implementation of a Standardized Initial Assessment for Demand Management in Outpatient Emergency Care in Germany: Early Qualitative Process Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Roth Catharina , Breckner Amanda , Paulus Jan , Wensing Michel
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Inadequate assessment of the severity and urgency of medical problems is one of the factors contributing to unnecessary emergency department (ED) visits. The implementation of a software-based instrument for standardized initial assessment—Standardisierte medizinische Ersteinschätzung in Deutschland (SmED) (Standardized medical Initial Assessment in Germany in English)—aims to support health care professionals and steer patients toward the right health care provider. This study aimed to explore the implementation process of SmED from a user perspective.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the overall perception of SmED by health care professionals using the software, to examine to what extent SmED influences the workload and work routines of health care professionals, and to determine which factors are associated with the use of SmED.

METHODS

An early qualitative process evaluation on the basis of interviews was carried out alongside the implementation of SmED in 26 outpatient emergency care services within 11 federal states in Germany. Participants were 30 health care professionals who work with SmED either at the joint central contact points of the outpatient emergency care service and the EDs of hospitals (ie, the Joint Counter; Gemeinsamer Tresen in German) or at the initial telephone contact points of the outpatient emergency care service (phone number 116117). Matrix-based framework analysis was applied to analyze the interview data.

RESULTS

Health care professionals perceived that workload increased initially, due to additional time needed per patient. When using SmED more frequently and over a longer time period, its use became more routine and the time needed per call, per patient, decreased. SmED was perceived to support decision making regarding urgency for medical treatment, but not all types of patients were eligible. Technical problems, lack of integration with other software, and lack of practicability during peak times affected the implementation of SmED.

CONCLUSIONS

Initial experiences with SmED were positive, in general, but also highlighted organizational issues that need to be addressed to enhance sustainability.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017014; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00017014
Conformational and Topology Analysis of Diphenylthiourea and Diarylhalidethiourea Compounds Using DFT
Authors: Mohd Nabil Nur Najwa-Alyani , Ang Lee Sin
Published: March 2020

The disubstituted thiourea compounds have shown its reliability on their usages in various industries compared to the thiourea compounds. However, they also show capability to exist in different configurations, which would render them to possess different properties and hence affect their usability by unsuspected users. In this study, investigation was carried out on the polymorphism of five disubstituted thiourea compounds in which the phenyl rings and arylhalide acted as substituents. Using the B3LYP/DEF2–TZVP model chemistry with D3–BJ and gCP correctional schemes, the energetic analysis on the possible structural arrangements of the compounds was performed. The topology analysis of non-covalent interaction and electrostatic potential surfaces was used for understanding the interaction and reactivity of the constitute molecules of the compounds. Energetic results show that for all interested compounds, CT and TT configurations may coexist. Between the two type of substituents, phenyl substituted molecules are more flexible with better capability to be nucleophilic compound. On the other hand, the arylhalide substituted molecules form better electrophilic compounds. The reactive sites of the molecules rotated to the stable new configurations are similar to the molecules in their original configurations observed from experiments.
Validation of Mineral (Fe, Zn, and Cu) Analysis Methods in Carbohydrate, Protein and Fat-Rich Samples Using Microwave Digestion Method
Authors: Faridah Didah Nur , Solihat Imas , Yuliana Nancy Dewi
Published: March 2020

Destruction process using both dry and wet conditions serves as a significant step in mineral quantification. Wet destruction using microwave-assisted digestion refers to the standard method of AOAC (2012); in this work, we modified the destruction procedures provided in microwave digestion manual book, including temperature, reagent volume (HNO3 and H2O2), and length of destruction. The experiment works aimed (1) to validate the procedures in destruction process using microwave digestion; (2) to quantify Fe, Zn and Cu in various food matrices (canned peas, canned fish, full cream powdered milk) using a validated method. The method was evaluated according to linearity, accuracy, precision, absolute and relative LOD, LOQ, and intra-reproducibility. Measurement of Fe, Zn and Cu were considered to have a satisfying accuracy at a range of 80–115%, with a good precision value (% RSD < 2/3 CV Horwitz), while regression curves R2 > 0.995. The results showed that data collected from the modified method was not significantly different compared to those from the AOAC method. The currently developed method also fulfilled the acceptability requirements for laboratory analysis.
Statistical Modelling of Oil Removal from Surfactant/Polymer Flooding Produced Water by Using Flotation Column
Authors: Hani Ku Esyra , Ayoub Mohammed Abdalla
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of polymer (GLP-100) and surfactant (MFOMAX) towards the efficiency of oil removal in a flotation column by using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Various concentrations of surfactant (250, 372 and 500 ppm) and polymer (450, 670, and 900 ppm) produced water were prepared. Dulang crude oil was used in the experiments. Flotation operating parameters such as gas flow rate (1–3 L/min) and duration of flotation (2–10 min) were also investigated. The efficiency of oil removal was calculated based on the difference between the initial concentration of oil and the final concentration of oil after the flotation process. From the ANOVA analysis, it was found that the gas flow rate, surfactant concentration, and polymer concentration contributed significantly to the efficiency of oil removal. Extra experiments were conducted to verify the developed equation at a randomly selected point using 450 ppm of polymer concentration, 250 ppm of surfactant concentration, 3 L/min gas flowrate and duration of 10 min. From these extra experiments, a low standard deviation of 1.96 was discovered. From this value, it indicates that the equation can be used to predict the efficiency of oil removal in the presence of surfactant and polymer (SP) by using a laboratory flotation column.
Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Cockle Shells-Treated Banana Pith: Optimization, Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Hasan Rosalyza , Ying Wong Jie , Cheng Chong Chi , Jaafar Nur Farhana , Jusoh Rohayu , Jalil Aishah Abdul , Setiabudi Herma Dina
Published: March 2020

Two low-cost wastes, banana pith (BP) and cockle shells (CS) were explored towards methylene blue (MB) removal. The performance of cockle shells-treated banana pith (CS-BP) in MB removal was compared with untreated BP and commercially Ca(OH)2-treated BP (Ca(OH)2-BP). The adsorption efficacy was following the order of BP < CS-BP < Ca(OH)2-BP, indicating the positive role of alkaline treatment towards MB removal and great potential of CS as a low-cost activation material. The optimization of MB removal onto CS-BP was executed by response surface methodology (RSM) with three independent variables (adsorbent dosage (X1), initial pH (X2) and initial MB concentration (X3)), and the optimal condition was achieved at X1 = 1.17 g/L, X2 = pH 7 and X3 = 214 mg/L, with 87.32% of predicted MB removal. The experimental data well-fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic (R2 > 0.99) and the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.999) models, demonstrating the chemisorption and naturally homogeneous process. Thermodynamics study discovered that the MB removal by CS-BP is endothermic, feasible, spontaneous and randomness growth at a solid-solute interface. It is affirmed that CS could be employed as a low-cost activation material and CS-BP as a low-cost adsorbent.
The Oriented Attachment Model Applied on Crystal Growth of Hydrothermal Derived Magnetite Nanoparticles
Authors: Fadli Ahmad , Amri Amun , Iwantono Iwantono , Adnan Arisman , Sunarno Sunarno , Sukoco Sukoco , Mayangsari Mayangsari
Published: March 2020

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are very promising to be applied as a drug delivery system (DDS) for cancer chemotherapy. In this research, the crystal growth of hydrothermal derived magnetite particles was studied by oriented attachment (OA) model. The OA model was used to investigate the mechanism and the statistical kinetic of crystal growth. The crystal diameter change as a function of time with different concentration was measured using XRD. Firstly, 0.3248 g FeCl3 and 1.1764 g of sodium citrate, as well as 0.3604 g urea were dissolved into 40 mL of distilled water in a reactor. Subsequently, the reactor temperature was maintained at 210 °C and reaction time of 3.5–12 h in an air oven. The morphology of obtained particles was characterized using TEM, whereas VSM was used to determine the magnetic hysteresis curve. The XRD pattern showed that magnetite was obtained at temperature 210 °C and 3.5 h reaction time, as well as its intensity increased with reaction time. The crystal size of Fe3O4 was 9.44 nm at 3.5 h and appropriate with the oriented attachment model. The magnetite nanoparticles with shaped core-shell size less than 50 nm and suitable for biomedical application especially as drug delivery.
Fuel Production from LDPE-based Plastic Waste over Chromium Supported on Sulfated Zirconia
Authors: Hauli Latifah , Wijaya Karna , Syoufian Akhmad
Published: March 2020

The preparation, characterization, and catalytic activity test of sulfated zirconia (SZ) modified with chromium for the hydrocracking of LDPE-based plastic waste have been investigated. SZ was prepared by wet impregnation method using zirconia nanopowder (ZrO2) and H2SO4 solution. SZ was further modified with chromium (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% wt.%) by refluxing in aqueous solution of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O, followed by calcination and reduction processes. The prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM-Mapping and TEM. Hydrocracking of LDPE-based plastic waste was conducted at various temperatures and various catalysts. In addition, the optimum catalyst was repeatedly used for the reaction to demonstrate the stability of the catalyst. Liquid products obtained by hydrocracking were characterized by GCMS. The results showed that the morphology of the prepared catalysts had different sizes and disordered shapes after the addition of sulfate and Cr. The effective temperature for hydrocracking was 250 °C. The highest selectivity to liquid product and gasoline fraction were 40.99 and 93.42 wt.%, respectively, and were obtained over Cr/SZ with 1.0 wt.% Cr. Hydrocracking of plastic waste over the used Cr/SZ catalyst with 1.0 wt.% Cr showed that the Cr/SZ catalyst was stable and reusable up to three repetitions.
VALIDATED KINETIC SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PITAVASTATIN CALCIUM USING ACIDIC PERMANGANATE OXIDATION
Authors: JAMAL MARWA K. A. L.
Published: March 2020

Objective: Development and validation of a sensitive, indirect spectrophotometric kinetic method, based on oxidation-reduction reaction, using potassium permanganate, for the quantitative assay of pitavastatin calcium, a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Methods: The developed spectrophotometric kinetic method is based on the ability of potassium permanganate to oxidize Pitavastatin, where, the drug solution is treated with a fixed concentration of permanganate in acidic medium, and after a specified time, the unreacted permanganate is measured at 525 nm. All variables affecting the color development have been investigated and the conditions were optimized. Different kinetic methods, including initial rate, rate constant, fixed time and fixed concentration, were applied for the determination Pitavastatin.

Results: During the course of the reaction, the absorbance values, at 525 nm, related to KMnO4, decreased linearly with increasing the concentration of the drug. The reaction rate obeyed was found to be pseudo-first-order and the kinetic method used was the fixed-time method. The assay of PITA in the concentration range of 16-80 μg/ml, using the fixed time method was successfully determined with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9999. The applicability of the developed method was also demonstrated by the determination of pitavastatin in its pure form and in its pharmaceutical formulation, where, the effect of excipients has also been studied and found to have no effect.

Conclusion: The developed indirect spectrophotometric kinetic method, using the fixed time method, was used for the determination of Pitavastatin in pharmaceutical tablets. This method was simple, accurate and easy to apply for routine assay and in quality control laboratories.
CYTOTOXIC METABOLITES OF ALTERNARIA ALTERNATA, AN ENDOPHYTE OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT BIDENS BIPINNATA
Authors: ABDOU RANDA , DAWOUD MOHAMED
Published: March 2020

Objective: Endophytes are widely spread in the plant kingdom and represent a very promising source of biologically active natural products. The medicinal plant Bidens bipinnata Lin. (Asteraceae) which is known for its anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antitumor effects has been chosen for the investigation of its endophyte to search for bioactive metabolites.

Methods: An endophytic Alternaria alternata species was isolated from the leaves of the plant B. bipinnata Lin. To investigate the metabolic profile of this endophytic fungus it was cultivated in several culture media as static and shaken culture. The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the ethyl acetate extracts of the fungus were examined. Extracts exhibiting highest antimicrobial activities in agar diffusion assay and cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cell line were subjected to activity-guided chromatographic fractionation for the identification of bioactive metabolites. A cytotoxic assay was performed on the isolated compounds against HeLa cancer cell lines as well as cytostatic activity tests against HUVEC and K-562 cell lines.

Results: Chromatographic fractionation resulted in the isolation and identification of alternariol and tentoxin from the extract of the fungus cultivated in medium M5 while sterigmatocystin was isolated in addition to alternariol and tentoxin from the extract of the fungus grown in medium M25. Both alternariol and sterigmatocystin proved to be of moderate cytotoxicity and weak cytostatic activity with alternariol showing higher cytotoxic activity than sterigmatocystin. Highest cytotoxicity against HeLa cell lines was observed for tentoxin with a CC50 of 22.5 µg/ml.

Conclusion: This study presents the isolation and identification of the bioactive metabolites alternariol, sterigmatocystin and tentoxin from the endophyte A. alternata in addition to the antifungal activity of the strain extract as well as the cytotoxic and cytostatic activities of the isolated metabolites against HeLa, HUVEC and K-562 cell lines, respectively.
HAART THERAPY IN GHANA: COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT HAART COMBINATIONS AT KOMFO ANOKYE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: GYAMFI PAA KOFI TAWIAH ADU , MENSAH KWESI BOADU , ARHIN STEPHEN MENSAH , MOOMIN ALIU
Published: March 2020

Objective: Although all marketed antiretrovirals (ARVs) have proven efficacy, genetic differences can result in varied effectiveness. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of different Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) combinations among patients attending HIV clinic at a Major Teaching Hospital in Ghana.

Methods: The study was a retrospective study involving 500 patients at an HIV clinic in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.

Results: Twelve major antiretroviral combinations for HAART were prescribed at the study center. The most prescribed drug combinations were AZT+3TC+EFV and AZT+3TC+NVP. The study identified that HAART, irrespective of the kind of drug combination used, was effective at increasing CD4 count within the first 6 mo of therapy initiation in the study population. However, the magnitude of the increases differed from combination to combination. All HAART combinations with zidovudine as one of the drugs resulted in higher CD4 counts compared with combinations containing stavudine. HAART with nevirapine also resulted in a higher CD4 count than those with efavirenz. However, efavirenz-based combinations appeared to be more effective in critically ill patients and patients with mean CD4+T helper cells count below 100 cell/mm3. More importantly, efavirenz was common among all HAART combinations that resulted in treatment failure.

Conclusion: There was significant variation in response to different HAART combination among Ghanaian HIV patients. However, there was no statistically significant difference in mean CD4 count between the two most predominately used HAART i. e AZT+3TC+EFV and AZT+3TC+NVP.
El ACAAN y sus instituciones como catalizadores de la gobernanza ambiental en México: del TLCAN al T-MEC
Authors: Zavala Ruth
Published: March 2020

La renegociación del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) culminó con la firma de un nuevo acuerdo comercial, el Tratado entre México, Estados Unidos y Canadá (T-MEC) y una serie de modificaciones simbólicas al tema ambiental. Para ninguno de los tres Estados miembros la protec-ción ambiental representó una prioridad a lo largo de las rondas de negociación. Esto ha sido fuente de análisis y diversas críticas por parte de los grupos ambientalistas, pues argumentan que un acuerdo comercial del siglo XXI no debería evadir la crisis ambiental y climática que padecemos hoy en día. Este texto presenta un resumen del contenido del Acuerdo de Cooperación Ambiental de América del Norte (ACAAN), todavía en vigor, y analiza los cambios que se dan en materia ambiental a partir de la firma del T-MEC y su nuevo acuerdo ambiental, el Acuerdo de Cooperación Ambiental (ACA). Tanto el capítu-lo 24 del T-MEC consagrado al medio ambiente como el nuevo ACA representan un retroceso y el que se paralicen los avances para la regulación ambiental en la región.
Trump’s US-Mexico Border Agenda: An Agenda-Building Examination of Candidate-Generated Messages
Authors: Flores María de los Ángeles , Chavez Manuel
Published: March 2020

On June 16, 2015, Donald J. Trump announced his candidacy for president of the United States, stating that he would build a wall on the southern border and Mexico would pay for it. From that moment on, the U.S.-Mexico border region became the news epicenter in the nation throughout the 2016 presidential campaign. This article examines Trump’s candidate-generated messages in relation to the border as part of his political communication strategy. The authors perform a content analysis of his political ads and his Twitter posts along with a textual analysis of his official website and his first 100 day contract. The Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient was then used to assess the degree of interdependence of issue positions for each issue. Outcomes showed that Trump presented 16 issues, six related to the border (the economy, foreign policy, immigration, regulations, taxes, and trade). Results found 28 issue positions relating to the border, with the highest number of solutions offered via Trump’s Twitter agenda and his 100 day agenda. The strongest degree of interdependence between agendas was observed on immigration between Trump’s TV-ad agenda and his 100 day agenda (rho = +0.545), and on the economy between Trump’s TV-ad agenda and his Twitter agenda (rho = +0.538). In both instances, the messages transmitted to voters on those political communication venues were very similar to each other.
Caracterización de los estudiantes con rasgos de deficit atencional del grado octavo del Colegio Nuestra Señora de Fátima de Cúcuta para el diseño de una propuesta didáctica que contribuya en el incremento de la atención
Authors: Mariño Luis Fernando , López-Daza Edith Solanye , Chávez-Bautista Angélica Paola
Published: March 2020

El siguiente proyecto de carácter descriptivo consistió en la identificación de los estudiantes de los grados octavo A y octavo C que presentaron rasgos de Déficit de Atención del Colegio Nuestra Señora de Fátima de Cúcuta, con el fin de especificar y analizar las características de estos jóvenes a nivel académico, disciplinar e interpersonal y con base en ellas crear una propuesta didáctica que ofrezca a los maestros diversas pautas y actividades que pueden aplicar durante las clases para incrementar los niveles de atención de aquellos estudiantes que posean este problema de aprendizaje.
Determinación de la habilidad cognitiva en la resolución de problemas matemáticos de los estudiantes de Ciencias Empresariales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
Authors: Jaimes-Boada Juan Simón
Published: March 2020

La Constitución Política de 1991 en Colombia generó la revolución educativa, encontrando políticas cada vez más adecuadas y eficaces que se ajusten a la realidad institucional del país, y que promuevan el mejoramiento del sistema hacia la calidad, la eficiencia, la equidad y su pertinencia. Teniendo el Estado mecanismos para evaluar, como es, a nivel superior los exámenes de calidad de la educación superior (ECAES). Por lo tanto, es responsabilidad de las instituciones educativas, a partir de los resultados obtenidos, implementar planes de mejoramiento, para afianzar las fortalezas y disminuir las debilidades. Lo anterior concreta la presente investigación de campo, de carácter descriptivo, en determinar la habilidad cognitiva en la resolución de problemas matemáticos de los estudiantes de ciencias empresariales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander. Para dar cumplimiento a lo propuesto, la investigación se apoya en tres teorías: La teoría triárquica de la inteligencia humana de Sternberg, la teoría de los campos conceptuales de Vergnaud y la teoría de las fases de resolución de problemas de Polya. Permitiendo desarrollar cuatro pruebas : C1, conocimientos en la compresión lectora, C2, conocimientos en la selección del plan, C3, conocimientos en la selección de estrategias y C4, conocimientos en la ejecución del plan de trabajo; aplicados en forma consecutiva a una muestra de 75 estudiantes de Administración y Contaduría de tercer y cuarto semestre. Se realizó análisis de confiabilidad y estudio psicométrico a cada una de ellas y en forma global de aciertos y continuidad de las fases del proceso de resolución mencionadas anteriormente; así, como las opiniones de algunos alumnos participantes en la prueba. Con el anterior estudio, se demuestra que los estudiantes no llevaron a cabo todo el proceso de las cuatro fases en las diferentes situaciones planteadas; en la fase tres, donde más avanzaron fue el criterio diez, con el 12 por ciento y en la fase 2 el 21 por ciento. Además, presentan debilidad en la comprensión lectora y en análisis de problemas que requieren una fortaleza conceptual. Por tal motivo se presenta una propuesta metodológica conducente a mejorar las debilidades encontradas y además permita realizar futuras investigaciones en este campo.
procesos argumentativos, en la elaboración de textos matemáticos orales y escritos mediante la resolución de problemas geométricos y aleatorios en estudiantes de 9º grado de la Institución Educativa Colegio Municipal de Bachillerato de San José de Cúcuta
Authors: Hernández-Morantes Carlos Fernando , Marin-Arguello Leidy Katerine , Conde-Quintero Magda Lorena
Published: March 2020

El interés de esta investigación es describir los procesos argumentativos presentes en la solución de situaciones problemas, teniendo en cuenta el nivel cognitivo, donde se observó la heurística y pertinencia de los argumentos y el nivel comunicativo, que permite observar la estructura del texto y la forma discursiva empleada en su argumentación. El estudio realizado se fundamentó en el enfoque de investigación cualitativa desde un dise- ño microetnográfico, lo que permitió observar directamente a la población sin interferir en los acontecimientos y relaciones que se dan en el grupo, para así, explorar, observar, registrar y describir cada uno de los procesos argumentativos presentes en los textos matemáticos elaborados por los estudiantes en el aula, además, se desarrolló desde un nivel descriptivo, ya que se expresó de manera explícita cada uno de los procesos argumentativos sin necesidad de relacionarlos y así describir las situaciones observadas en las actividades realizadas. Los resultados permitieron determinar en cuanto a la comunicación la estructura argumentativa utilizada por los estudiantes investigados desde los enfoques teóricos utilizados a partir de Stephen Toulmin y los Recursos discursivos utilizados como técnicas de comunicación propuestos por Olga Lucia León y Dora Inés Calderón.
Análisis de contenido matemático en soporte wiki
Authors: Carranza-Vargas Edwin
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se evidencia el estudio realizado a estudiantes para profesor de matemá- ticas, donde su proceso de resolución de problemas queda impreso en un wiki y se aplica análisis de contenido a éste, extrayendo tres procesos adjuntos a la actividad matemática como son la resolución de problemas, el razonamiento y la comunicación.
Dificultades del pensamiento numérico en los estudiantes de la facultad de ciencias empresariales
Authors: Castellanos-Soriano Omar
Published: March 2020

Se presenta una investigación sobre dificultades del pensamiento numérico en estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales, específicamente en la asignatura Matemáticas I, de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander. Se ha venido evidenciando un bajo rendimiento académico en la asignatura de Matemática I donde predominan los altos índices de repitencia y deserción universitaria. Es muy frecuente que los docentes se quejen del bajo rendimiento académico y de la mala preparación con que llegan los estudiantes a la universidad, pero no se hacen investigaciones de un carácter formal para identificar las causas de estas dificultades y así resolverlas haciendo recomendaciones más precisas con el objeto de fortalecer aquellos pensamientos en los que los estudiantes presentan dificultades y así contribuir al mejoramiento del rendimiento académico en el curso inicial de Matemáticas I. El diseño investigativo se centró en un proceso de nivel explicativo, ya que va a permitir identificar las dificultades y conocimientos en el pensamiento numérico de los estudiantes que ingresan a primer semestre en la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una prueba diagnóstica en la cual se identifican dos partes, una asociada a la información personal del estudiante (socio-económica) y la otra asociada a factores de tipo académico. Los resultados obtenidos muestran las diferentes dificultades que presentan los estudiantes, y aunque pocos estudiantes tienen buena predisposición hacia el estudio de las matemáticas, en la mayoría los procesos matemáticos no son satisfactorios, lo que es preocupante. Además, no se evidencia que haya diferencias en cuanto la edad ni al género. Finalmente se dan unas recomendaciones con el objeto de empezar a mejorar la situación encontrada
El logro académico estático y dinámico en matemática desde el modelo de las inteligencias múltiples
Authors: Intelisano Sandra Mariel
Published: March 2020

Este estudio analizó la relación de las Inteligencias Múltiples, a la luz de la Teoría de Howard Gardner, con el Rendimiento Académico en Matemática. Pretendió dar una explicación a los éxitos y fracasos académicos en dicha disciplina y una propuesta acerca de los factores que es necesario diagnosticar, enfrentar, educar y reforzar para mejorar el rendimiento en Matemática. Disciplina tan criticada por el gran porcentaje de fracasos académicos que la misma acarrea. Los datos derivados de las escalas MIDAS Teens y del test disciplinar de Matemática, permitieron contrastar significativamente la hipótesis general H1: “Las correlaciones múltiples Stepwise entre las Inteligencias Múltiples, sus escalas y subescalas, y los Rendimientos Académicos Estáticos y Dinámicos en Matemática, son estadísticamente significativas”, las hipótesis derivadas H2: “Las correlaciones múltiples Stepwise entre las Inteligencia Lógico-Matemática y su subescala Matemática Escolar, y el Rendimiento Académico Dinámico actual en Matemática, son estadísticamente significativas”, H3: “Las correlaciones múltiples Stepwise entre las Inteligencia Lógico-Matemática y su subescala Destrezas Matemáticas Diarias, y el Rendimiento Académico Estático actual en Matemática, son estadísticamente significativas” y la H4: “La correlación bivariada Pearson entre el Rendimiento Académico Dinámico en Matemática y el Rendimiento Académico Estático en Matemática, es positivamente significativa”.
Fortalecimiento de competencias científicas en la asignatura de física para estudiantes de undécimo grado en Colombia
Authors: Santafé Rodríguez Yajaira Amparo
Published: March 2020

Resumen: El área de ciencias naturales debe ser abordada desde una perspectiva elemental para el estudiante, ya que la misma tiene como objetivo el estudio de la naturaleza, a través del uso del método científico, específicamente el método experimental, utilizando como base el razonamiento lógico y el cálculo aritmético. Por lo tanto, el estudiante durante su estudio debe desarrollar competencias científicas para construir un aprendizaje significativo que le servirán en su vida diaria. En el presente artículo, su autora presenta diversas alternativas para fortalecer tales competencias estudiantiles, producto de un análisis situacional con aplicación de la investigación científica la cual se encuentra en proceso, para que las mismas sean aportes a la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, en este caso de la física para el nivel de educación media técnica en Colombia.Palabras clave Competencias Científicas, Física, Estudiantes.Abstract: The area of natural sciences should be approached from an elementary perspective for the student, since it aims at the study of nature, through the use of the scientific method, specifically the experimental method, using as a basis the logical reasoning and the arithmetic calculation Therefore, the student during his study, must develop scientific skills to build meaningful learning that will serve him in his daily life. In the present article, the author presents various alternatives to strengthen such student competencies, product of a situation analysis with application of scientific research which is in process, so that they are contributions to the teaching of natural sciences, in this case of physics for the level of secondary education in ColombiaKeywords Scientific Competences, Physics, Students.
Abordando el aprendizaje de las matemáticas
Authors: Largo-Leal María Francy , Jaimes-Espinoza Pablo Arturo , Largo-Leal Yoleyda
Published: March 2020

Los estudiantes en su proceso de formación dentro de la integralidad que ofrece la Institución Educativa la Frontera, de acuerdo con su Proyecto Educativo Institucional PEI, deben cumplir con los estándares y competencias según los lineamientos del Ministerio de Educación Nacional MEN. Tomando en particular el área de matemáticas, genera en el estudiante expectativas en la aprehensión del conocimiento el cual evidencia algunas dificultades que merecen ser analizadas para promover orientaciones que direccionen la superación y el gusto por las mismas. El cambio de nivel de básica primaria a secundaria concretamente, de quinto a sexto grado ha generado en el estudiante inseguridad en el desarrollo de procesos de la estructura curricular de la matemática; ubicar el referente metodológico del pensamiento matemático vs. el rendimiento académico sin señalamiento de implicados en el fracaso escolar: (docentes, estudiantes, padres de familia, entre otros). El contexto sociopolítico particular del sector de la Parada; frontera activa con la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, considerada la frontera más dinámica de Latinoamérica por el comercio bilateral, lo que hace imprescindible el uso de las competencias matemáticas, como un aprendizaje inherente a la cotidianidad.
Red de experiencias matemáticas de Norte de Santander, un aporte a la formación de ciudadanos competentes en matemáticas
Authors: Velásquez-Luna Sandro Javier
Published: March 2020

La formación de ciudadanos matemáticamente competentes es un reto propuesto por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) para los todos los maestros de Colombia con el fin de promover la participación activa de los actores del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje (docentes-estudiantes y padres de familia) en el desarrollo de actividades pedagógicas que permitan la adquisición de competencias matemáticas mediante ambientes de aprendizaje, evaluación formativa contextualizada y preparación académica constante de los docentes y de esta manera mejorar la calidad educativa. La Red de Experiencias Matemáticas de Norte de Santander busca liderar el encuentro permanente de los docentes del departamento para compartir experiencias que desarrollen competencias matemáticas utilizando los recursos que nos ofrece la Web 2.0 para interactuar y colaborar entre sí como creadores de contenidos y reflexionar sobre nuestro quehacer pedagógico.
Inteligencias múltiples (Estudio de caso)
Authors: Martínez-Lozano José Joaquín
Published: March 2020

Gardner (1983) sostiene que existe un conjunto de competencias humanas relativamente autónomas que se denomina inteligencias humanas. Estas inteligencias pueden ser modeladas y combinadas de múltiples maneras. No niega el componente genético, pero sostiene que esas potencialidades se van a desarrollar de una u otra manera dependiendo del medio ambiente, las experiencias vividas, la educación recibida, entre otras, por tal razón, todos los seres humanos están capacitados para el amplio desarrollo de su inteligencia, apoyados en sus capacidades y motivación. Todas las inteligencias son igualmente importantes y, según esto, el problema es que el sistema escolar vigente no las trata por igual y una porción importante de estudiantes no alcanza aprendizajes significativos. El trabajo consistió en aplicar un test estandarizado que mide los tipos de inteligencia más preponderantes en estudiantes de la Escuela Superior de Administración Pública (E.S.A.P.), para, con base en los resultados determinar las estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas que mejor se ajustarían para que dichos estudiantes lograran aprendizajes significativos y por ende el éxito académico. Es evidente que, sabiendo lo que se sabe sobre estilos de aprendizaje, tipos de inteligencia y estilos de enseñanza, es absurdo que se siga insistiendo en que todos los estudiantes aprendan de la misma manera. La misma asignatura se podría presentar de formas muy diversas que permitan al estudiante asimilarla partiendo de sus capacidades y aprovechando sus puntos fuertes. Además, tendría que plantearse si una educación centrada en sólo dos tipos de inteligencia es la más adecuada para preparar a los educandos para vivir en un mundo cada vez más complejo y con avances tecnológicos que fluyen a una velocidad increíble.
Análise da atenção farmacêutica prestada aos clientes idosos hipertensos atendidos em uma drogaria na Cidade do Recife
Authors: Vieira dos Santos Josiane , Sousa Da Silva José Orlando , Apolinário Filho Maurilucio , Pontes de Oliveira Barros Danilo , De Oliveira Filho João José , Torres Santos Manuella Alexandre , Moura Boaviagem Karinna , Calazans Silva de Amorim Ray
Published: March 2020

Introdução: A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) constitui um grave problema de saúde pública de alta prevalência e de causas multifatoriais. Em 95% dos casos, não possui uma causa identificável. Os indivíduos que apresentam a doença são frequentemente assintomáticos, o que a define como uma patologia de característica silenciosa e perigosa. Desta forma, é caracterizada como fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Atualmente, a HAS é responsável por 9,4 milhões de óbitos no mundo, chegando a 30% em adultos brasileiros. Os idosos são os mais diagnosticados com HAS, correspondendo a 50% dos casos no Brasil. Objetivo: O interesse da pesquisa é analisar o serviço de atenção farmacêutica oferecida, através do consultório farmacêutico aos idosos hipertensos atendidos em uma drogaria na cidade do Recife. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, na qual se propôs a avaliar o serviço de atenção farmacêutica. O estudo utilizou dados secundários dos clientes idosos hipertensos com 60 anos ou mais atendidos no consultório farmacêutico, no período de fevereiro a abril de 2018.  Resultados: O trabalho teve sua importância, pois, quando não tratada, a hipertensão arterial sistêmica pode levar a complicações como infarto agudo do miocárdio, acidente vascular encefálico, insuficiência renal, maiores taxas de hospitalização e mortalidade. Esta pesquisa mostrou que: dos 200 idosos avaliados, 136 (68%) são do sexo feminino; em relação aos anti-hipertensivos mais utilizados, a losartana potássica teve o maior percentual com 64%; demonstrou ainda que 80,5% não praticam atividades físicas regularmente; e o consumo de bebidas alcóolicas está presente em 13% dos idosos. Um dos maiores desafios está relacionado ao seguimento da terapia prescrita, pois, apesar de possuírem conhecimento sobre a patologia, 119 (59%) não fazem acompanhamento contínuo no serviço de atenção farmacêutica. Conclusão: Os achados indicam a necessidade de controle da HAS através da mudança no estilo de vida com práticas regulares de atividades físicas e aderência ao tratamento prescrito. Portanto, o serviço de atenção farmacêutica ofertado em drogarias se faz de suma importância, uma vez que o profissional farmacêutico poderá fornecer subsídios, por meio de ações educativas e orientações sobre o regime terapêutico, através do acompanhamento e incentivo, quanto aos hábitos saudáveis e ao uso correto dos medicamentos prescritos pelo profissional médico.
Atuação do Ministério da Saúde nas políticas de medicamentos e de assistência farmacêutica, no período 2015-2016
Authors: Almeida de Jesus Débora , Sodré Patricia , Costa Ediná
Published: March 2020

Introdução: A atuação do Ministério da Saúde frente as políticas de medicamentos e de assistência farmacêutica se deu a partir do reconhecimento do direito à saúde como humano e universal, com a implementação de ações que são garantidas mediante um conjunto de políticas farmacêuticas. Entretanto, existem lacunas sobre as características e a compreensão do processo de implementação de tais políticas. Objetivo: Identificar e discutir a atuação do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro nas políticas de medicamentos e de assistência farmacêutica, no período 2015-2016, na perspectiva do direito à saúde. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo documental, exploratório a partir dos descritores “medicamentos” e “assistência farmacêutica” de notícias compiladas, dos sites do Ministério da Saúde (MS), que posteriormente foram divididas em 3 macro categorias temáticas. E então, de acordo a frequência na repetição de nomes que apareciam nos seus títulos/sínteses foi feita uma subcategorização, onde foram agrupadas em função do conteúdo. A partir da frequência e relevância dos temas e conteúdos esquematizados se estabeleceu quais se configuraram como fatos políticos Resultados: O acúmulo de notícias em análise paralela com a conjuntura do Brasil nos anos de 2015 e 2016, marcados pela instabilidade política e crise econômica nos traz evidências de um período de cortes orçamentais na saúde. Cortes estes, que por sua vez refletiram em impactos no acesso a medicamentos, no sentido de ter contribuído para o desabastecimento de alguns grupos de medicamentos. Este cenário financeiro também acabou por refletir na necessidade de buscar estratégias para a redução de custos. Neste contexto, observamos novas formas de negociação na aquisição de medicamentos, sobretudo aqueles de alto custo, e o estabelecimento de acordos para a redução de custos com a judicialização. Conclusão: A análise das notícias tornou possível a construção dos fatos políticos, que refletem a conjuntura política, econômica e social no Brasil atual, com grandes evidências de retrocesso na saúde. Percebe-se, por parte do executivo, a tendência a restrição e cortes no orçamento que refletem dentre outras coisas no retrocesso de políticas de assistência farmacêutica que vinham com a ampliação de acesso.
Avaliação de indicadores de qualidade da assistência farmacêutica numa unidade de dispensação de medicamentos do componente especializado
Authors: Freitas do Espírito Santo Viviana , Santos Severino Juliete , Neta Gosmes de Oliveira dos Santos Herculana , Palma Pacheco Mila , Sousa Correia Cristiane Maria , Dourado Costa Fernandes Rosimeire , Cunha Rodrigues Maria Gleide
Published: March 2020

Introdução: A avaliação da assistência farmacêutica através do uso de indicadores é uma importante ferramenta de apoio para a gestão, definindo a qualidade dos serviços prestados por unidades de dispensação de medicamentos, ao tempo em que norteia intervenções para a melhoria contínua dos mesmos. Objetivo: Analisar indicadores de qualidade da assistência farmacêutica relacionados com o grau de satisfação dos usuários. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional quantitativo de caráter prospectivo, descritivo e longitudinal, realizado numa farmácia de dispensação de medicamentos do componente especializado da assistência farmacêutica do município de Salvador, Bahia. Utilizou-se a técnica de amostragem por conveniência, sendo os dados coletados de maio a junho de 2018, tendo como público-alvo os usuários do serviço. Um questionário semi-estruturado foi usado, sendo o mesmo preenchido pelos usuários sob orientação dos pesquisadores. Indicadores de processo e de estrutura foram selecionados para análise. Resultados e discussão: No total 84 questionários foram respondidos, sendo que 63 (75%) entrevistados eram o paciente, enquanto 21 (25%) eram representantes, sendo assim obtivemos a visão majoritariamente do próprio paciente com relação aos indicadores de qualidade. As variáveis como: atendimento, cordialidade, empatia, agilidade tiveram classificação como “ótima” ou “boa” por mais da metade dos respondentes. O quesito “atendimento por telefone” foi classificado por 49 entrevistados (58%) como “regular a ruim”, indicando necessidade de investimento no acesso a informações por meio de telefone, sem que haja deslocamento desnecessário pelo usuário. Dos 84 entrevistados que responderam o tempo de espera, 80 (95%) relataram uma variação entre 30 minutos e 1 hora de espera. Observamos também que a maioria dos pacientes estavam agendados para o início do mês, ocasionando uma maior demanda nesse período, portanto, sugerimos organizar a agenda para que sejam distribuídos uniformemente ao longo do mês, gerando maior conforto para o atendimento dos usuários. Quanto ao atendimento por farmacêuticos, 63 pessoas (75%) disseram que já foram atendidos em algum momento, 7 (8%) disseram que não e 14 (17%) não souberam responder. Esses dados refletem a presença do farmacêutico no serviço e o reconhecimento deste profissional. Conclusão: A análise de indicadores mostrou-se valiosa para identificar necessidades e priorização das intervenções a ser implementadas com objetivo de qualificar os serviços prestados por uma unidade de dispensação.