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-Invariant Self-Adjoint Extensions of the Laplacian on Quantum Circuits
Authors: Balmaseda Aitor , Di Cosmo Fabio , Pérez-Pardo Juan Manuel
Published: August 2019

An analysis of the invariance properties of self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators under the action of a group of symmetries is presented. For a given group G, criteria for the existence of G-invariant self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace–Beltrami operator over a Riemannian manifold are illustrated and critically revisited. These criteria are employed for characterising self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace–Beltrami operator on an infinite set of intervals, Ω , constituting a quantum circuit, which are invariant under a given action of the group Z . A study of the different unitary representations of the group Z on the space of square integrable functions on Ω is performed and the corresponding Z -invariant self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace–Beltrami operator are introduced. The study and characterisation of the invariance properties allows for the determination of the spectrum and generalised eigenfunctions in particular examples.
Docking of Polyethylenimines Derivatives on Cube Rhombellane Functionalized Homeomorphs
Authors: Szefler Beata , Czeleń Przemysław
Published: August 2019

Nowadays, in the world of science, an important goal is to create new nanostructures that may act as potential drug carriers. Among different, real or hypothetical, polymeric networks, rhombellanes are very promising and, therefore, attempts were made to deposit polyethylenimines as possible nano-drug complexes on the cube rhombellane homeomorphs surface. For the search of ligand–fullerene interactions, was used AutoDockVina software. As a reference structure, the fullerene C60 was used. After the docking procedure, the ligands–fullerenes interactions were tested. The important factor determining the mutual affinity of the tested ligands and nanocarriers is the symmetry of the analyzed nanostructures. Here, this feature has the influence on the distribution of such groups like donors and acceptors of hydrogen bonds on the surface of nanoparticles. We calculated the best binding affinities of ligands, values of binding constants and differences relative to C60 molecules. The best binding efficiency was found for linear ligands. It was also found that the shorter the molecule, the better the binding performance, the more the particle grows and the lower the yield. Small structures of ligands react easily with small structures of nanoparticles. The highest positive percentage deviations were obtained for ligand–fullerene complexes showing the highest binding energy values. Detailed analysis of structural properties after docking showed that the values of affinity of the studied indolizine ligands to the rhombellanes surface are correlated with the strength/length of hydrogen bonds formed between them.
Dynamic Response of Zener-Modelled Linearly Viscoelastic Systems under Harmonic Excitation
Authors: Bratu Polidor , Dobrescu Cornelia
Published: August 2019

A comprehensive investigation, including analytical modelling, numerical analysis and experimental tests, has been carried out on many linear viscoelastic systems and structures. This approach is the result of research conducted by two research institutes, ICECON and INCERC Bucharest, from Romania. Thus, analyses were performed on the dynamic behaviour of composite viscoelastic materials, anti-vibration viscoelastic systems made of discrete physical devices, road structures consisting of layers of natural soil with mineral aggregates and asphalt mixtures, and mixed mechanic insulation systems for industrial vibrations formed of elastic and viscous devices. The objectives pursued were as follows: (a) providing a mass dosage of the mixture of earth (clay, sand, mineral aggregates, water, and stabilizer) in five variants; (b) carrying out a test run with a Bomag vibratory roller with variable vibration parameters; (c) Experimental evaluation of the vibration parameters and the force transmitted to the ground, correlated with the determination of the compaction layer; (d) use of methods of analysis for physic-mechanical and geotechnical parameters; (e) rheological and numerical modeling based on Zener schematics, so the consistency and veracity of the experimental data with the numerical simulation can be determined. Finally, a study is presented for a test track, where experimental and correlated input and response data are determined to validate the rheological model with a high loading rate.
Structure Elucidation and Toxicity Analysis of the Degradation Products of Deoxynivalenol by Gaseous Ozone
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Guan Erqi , Bian Ke
Published: August 2019

Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) or scab is a fungal disease of cereal grains. Wheat scab affects the yield and quality of wheat and produces mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), which can seriously threaten human and animal health. In this study, gaseous ozone was used to degrade DON in wheat scab and the degradation products of ozonolysis were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC Q-Orbitrap). Toxicology analyses of the degradation products were also studied using structure-activity relationships. Ozone (8 mg L−1 concentration) was applied to 2 μg mL−1 of DON in ultrapure water, resulted in 95.68% degradation within 15 s. Ten ozonized products of DON in ultrapure water were analyzed and six main products (C15H18O7, C15H18O9, C15H22O9, C15H20O10, C15H18O8, and C15H20O9) were analyzed at varying concentrations of ozone and DON. Structural formulae were assigned to fragmentation products generated by MS2 and Mass Frontier® software. According to structure-activity relationship studies, the toxicities of the ozonized products were significantly decreased due to de-epoxidation and the attack of ozone at the C9-10 double bond in DON. Based on the results of the study above, we can find that gaseous ozone is an efficient and safe technology to degrade DON, and these results may provide a theoretical basis for the practical research of detoxifying DON in scabby wheat and other grains.
Bacteriocin Occurrence and Activity in Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovines and Wastewater
Authors: Cameron Andrew , Zaheer Rahat , Adator Emelia H. , Barbieri Ruth , Reuter Tim , McAllister Tim A.
Published: August 2019

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) E. coli and related Enterobacteriaceae is a serious problem necessitating new mitigation strategies and antimicrobial agents. Bacteriocins, functionally diverse toxins produced by most microbes, have long been studied for their antimicrobial potential. Bacteriocins have once again received attention for their role as probiotic traits that could mitigate pathogen burden and AMR bacteria in livestock. Here, bacteriocins were identified by activity screening and whole-genome sequencing of bacteriocin-producers capable of inhibiting bovine and wastewater E. coli isolates enriched for resistance to cephalosporins. Producers were tested for activity against shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), AMR E. coli, and related enteric pathogens. Multiple bacteriocins were found in 14 out of 90 E. coli isolates tested. Based on alignment within BACTIBASE, colicins M, B, R, Ia, Ib, S4, E1, E2, and microcins V, J25, and H47, encoded by identical, variant, or truncated genes were identified. Although some bacteriocin-producers exhibited activity against AMR and STEC E. coli in agar-based assays, most did not. Despite this idiosyncrasy, liquid co-cultures of all bacteriocinogenic isolates with luciferase-expressing generic (K12) or STEC E. coli (EDL933) resulted in inhibited growth or reduced viability. These abundant toxins may have real potential as next-generation control strategies in livestock production systems but separating the bacteriocin from its immunity gene may be necessary for such a strategy to be effective.
Reliable and Standardized Animal Models to Study the Pathogenesis of Bluetongue and Schmallenberg Viruses in Ruminant Natural Host Species with Special Emphasis on Placental Crossing
Authors: Martinelle Ludovic , Dal Pozzo Fabiana , Thiry Etienne , De Clercq Kris , Saegerman Claude
Published: August 2019

Starting in 2006, bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV8) was responsible for a major epizootic in Western and Northern Europe. The magnitude and spread of the disease were surprisingly high and the control of BTV improved significantly with the marketing of BTV8 inactivated vaccines in 2008. During late summer of 2011, a first cluster of reduced milk yield, fever, and diarrhoea was reported in the Netherlands. Congenital malformations appeared in March 2012 and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was identified, becoming one of the very few orthobunyaviruses distributed in Europe. At the start of both epizootics, little was known about the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these viruses in the European context and most assumptions were extrapolated based on other related viruses and/or other regions of the World. Standardized and repeatable models potentially mimicking clinical signs observed in the field are required to study the pathogenesis of these infections, and to clarify their ability to cross the placental barrier. This review presents some of the latest experimental designs for infectious disease challenges with BTV or SBV. Infectious doses, routes of infection, inoculum preparation, and origin are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the placental crossing associated with these two viruses.
Case Reports of Situs Inversus Totalis and Dextrocardia in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Hernández Reynaldo Oliva , Lewicky Jordan D. , Fraleigh Nya L. , Le Hoang-Thanh
Published: August 2019

Situs inversus totalis is a condition where there is a transposition of all internal organs from their normal anatomical location. This infrequent and rare congenital condition has been described in several species of mammals. Dextorcardia is a series of conditions associated with an abnormal congenital positioning of the heart, and is often associated with situs inversus totalis. Here we report a case of situs inversus totalis and two cases of dextrocardia identified in Sprague Dawley rats during gross necropsy evaluations at both the Health Sciences North Research Institute (HSNRI) in Canada and Finlay Institute of Vaccine Research and Production in Cuba. The intent of this report is to share our findings and aid in the accumulation of data on these rare conditions.
Characterization and Simulation of a Low-Pressure Rotator Spray Plate Sprinkler Used in Center Pivot Irrigation Systems
Authors: Robles Rovelo Cruz , Zapata Ruiz Nery , Burguete Tolosa Javier , Félix Félix Jesús , Latorre Borja
Published: August 2019

Spray sprinklers enable to operate at low pressures (<103 kPa) in self-propelled irrigation machines. A number of experiments were performed to characterize the water distribution pattern of an isolated rotator spray plate sprinkler operating at very low pressure under different experimental conditions. The experiments were performed under two pressures (69 kPa and 103 kPa) and in calm and windy conditions. The energy losses due to the impact of the out-going jet with the sprinkler plate were measured using an optical technique. The adequacy to reproduce the measured water distribution pattern under calm conditions of two drop size distribution models was evaluated. A ballistic model was used to simulate the water distribution pattern under wind conditions evaluating three different drag models: (1) considering solid spherical drops; (2) a conventional model based on wind velocity and direction distortion pattern, and (3) a new drag coefficient model independent of wind speed. The energy losses measured with the optical method range from 20% to 60% from higher to lower nozzle sizes, respectively, for both evaluated working pressures analyzing over 16,500 droplets. For the drop size distribution selected, Weibull accurately reproduced the water application with a maximum root mean square error (RMSE) of 19%. Up to 28% of the RMSE could be decreased using the wind-independent drag coefficient model with respect to the conventional model; the difference with respect to the spherical model was 4%.
Relationship between Peak Stage, Storm Duration, and Bank Storage along a Meandering Stream
Authors: Chabela Lucas P. , Peterson Eric W.
Published: August 2019

Groundwater and surface water are often studied as different systems; however, one commonly affects the other. Bank storage, the temporary storage and release of stream water in adjacent aquifers, can contribute a considerable amount of discharge to a river and can be a component in the transport and fate of a contaminant. Studies document the effects of increasing stage and increasing storm duration; however, these controls are often investigated separately. This project examined which factor, peak stage or storm duration, was more influential on the bank-storage process. The study focused on a small reach of a third-order, meandering, perennial stream. A 3-D, transient-state numerical model (MODFLOW) was created of the study site, and 36 simulations were run at various peak stages and storm durations. Peak stage and storm durations, while both influential, affected different areas of the bank-storage process. Peak stage was statistically more influential in controlling the maximum volume of bank storage (~3.6×) and the volume of the storage that remained in the system at 100 h (~1.1×). Longer storm duration generated a slower return of water, thus increasing the retention of bank storage. Parafluvial exchange was an important factor in bank storage along a meandering stream, suggesting that at least 2-D, ideally 3-D, models need to be employed in evaluating bank storage.
Effect of Straw Mulch on Soil Evaporation during Freeze–Thaw Periods
Authors: Chen Junfeng , Xie Xue , Zheng Xiuqing , Xue Jing , Miao Chunyan , Du Qi , Xu Yongxin
Published: August 2019

Reducing soil evaporation is important to alleviate water shortages in arid and semi-arid regions. The objective of this work was to reveal the effect of straw mulch on soil evaporation based on field experiments during a freeze–thaw period in Northern China. Four soil surface mulch treatment modes were investigated: Bare soil (BS), 1 cm thick straw mulch with 100% coverage rate (J1), 2 cm thick straw mulch with 100% coverage rate (J2), and 2 cm thick straw mulch with 50% coverage rate (J3). Principal component analysis was used to analyze the major factors influencing soil evaporation in three freeze–thaw stages. The results show that cumulative soil evaporation decreased with increased straw mulch thickness and coverage rate. The effect of straw mulching on soil evaporation was obvious during the stable freezing period, and soil evaporation with straw mulch treatments was reduced by 49.0% to 58.8% compared to BS treatment, while there was little difference for straw mulch treatments in the thawing stage. The relationship between cumulative soil evaporation under different straw mulch modes and time was well fitted by the power function. In the unstable freezing stage, the major factors for all treatments influencing soil evaporation were surface soil temperature and water surface evaporation; in the stable stage, they were solar radiation and relative humidity, and in the thawing stage, they were solar radiation and air temperature. The research results can provide a basis for addressing soil water storage and moisture conservation and restraining ineffective soil evaporation in arid and semi-arid areas.
Developing a Strategy to Recover Condensate Water from Air Conditioners in Palestine
Authors: Siam Lubna , Al-Khatib Issam A. , Anayah Fathi , Jodeh Shehdeh , Hanbali Ghadir , Khalaf Bayan , Deghles Abdalhadi
Published: August 2019

As the need for water is increasing in Palestine, and the available water resources are barely sufficient to meet the demands of the current quality of life and the economy, air conditioner condensate water could be explored as an alternative water source. The objective of this study is to better understand the potential for recovery of condensate water from air conditioning systems in two Palestinian cities. In addition, this study aims to evaluate this water source in terms of quality and quantity. Generally, it was found that the condensate water has good quality, which conforms to the Palestinian standards for reused water for irrigation, except for turbidity, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. Reflecting the heavy metal occurrence in the collected condensate water, no particular risk was recognized for drinking water or reused irrigation standards, except for manganese occurrence of 0.19 mg/L in one sample. From a single unit capacity, high quantities of water were observed of approximately 259 L and 453 L per month in Ramallah and Jericho cities, respectively. These figures should draw the attention of decision and policy makers to put in place strict technical guidelines to be followed for potential reuse of condensate water at the local level.
ОСНОВНІ НАПРЯМИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ОСВІТОЮ В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ
Authors: Vіlkhova Tetiana , Moskalets Mikhailo , Rybkina Svitlana
Published: August 2019

Система освіти покликана сприяти реалізації основних завдань соціально-економічного і культурного розвитку країни. В статті проаналізовано сучасний стан цієї галузі, місце та її значення в економіці України. Виявлено основні проблеми, які стосуються фахових компетентностей, фінансового забезпечення, недосконалості законодавчої бази та державного регулювання освітньої сфери. Визначено основні напрями державного управління в умовах реформування освіти.
Показано що освіта - одна з найважливіших областей, які держава підтримує створенням умов для її розвитку. Україна запроваджує реформу освіти, яка може змінити якість освітніх послуг, ставлення до престижу педагогічної та наукової діяльності. Проте, в контексті реформ, існує проблема в управлінні цією сферою, оскільки необхідно реагувати на виклики для її вдосконалення. Система освіти є невід'ємною складовою духовності, яка готує молодь до життя на основі їх знань у дошкільних, середніх, професійно-технічних та вищих навчальних закладах. Згідно зі статтею 5 Закону України «Про освіту», освіта є державним пріоритетом, який забезпечує інноваційний, соціальний, економічний та культурний розвиток суспільства. Фінансування освіти - це інвестиції в людський потенціал, сталий розвиток суспільства і держави.
Наголошено та тому що одним з пріоритетних напрямків є реформа економічних основ системи освіти, яка має бути спрямована на створення прозорих фінансово-економічних механізмів цілеспрямованого накопичення та цільового використання коштів, необхідних для повного здійснення конституційних прав громадян на освіту.
Автор акцентує увагу що реформа економічних основ системи освіти, має бути спрямована на створення прозорих фінансово-економічних механізмів цілеспрямованого накопичення та цільового використання коштів, необхідних для повного здійснення конституційних прав громадян на освіту.
Слід також пам'ятати, що автономія - це не лише незалежність, а й відповідальність навчального закладу щодо прийняття ефективних управлінських рішень щодо організації навчального процесу, господарської діяльності, роботи з персоналом та споживачами освітніх послуг.
Запропонована реформа освіти та науки України передбачає зміни, які наблизять її до європейських стандартів, значно підвищать конкурентоспроможність, а також дадуть можливість децентралізації її управління.
METODOLOGIA BADAŃ NAD BEZPIECZEŃSTWEM MIASTA. W KIERUNKU TRANSDYSCYPLINARNOŚCI
Authors: Kamprowski Rafał
Published: August 2019

Artykuł ten ma na celu ukazanie roli badań nad bezpieczeństwem miasta i weryfikację skuteczności prowadzenia ich w oparciu o podejście transdycyplinarne.  W artykule zostało ukazane miasto jako przedmiot badań różnych dyscyplin naukowych. W dalszej części tekstu autor wskazał i omówił miejsce nauki o bezpieczeństwie jako perspektywy spojrzenia na miasto w kontekście zmieniających się zagrożeń. Sformułowano, w postaci pytań, następujące problemy badawcze: dlaczego badania transdyscyplinarne, z zakresu badań zintegrowanych, w największym stopniu umożliwiają najpełniejsze poznanie zmiennych warunkujących poczucie bezpieczeństwa w miastach? Co należy przedsięwziąć celem opracowania modelu, który przyczyni się do podwyższenia bezpieczeństwa jednostki w mieście? W jakim wymiarze nauki o bezpieczeństwie wnieść mogą swój wkład w naukowy dyskurs nt. miast? Jakie są najczęściej spotykane bariery, utrudniające prowadzenie badań transdyscyplinarnych nad bezpieczeństwem miast? Przeprowadzona refleksja badawcza wskazała, iż badania transdyscyplinarne, choć najtrudniejsze do uzyskania, w przeciwieństwie do pozostałych badań zintegrowanych uwzględniają współpracę między środowiskiem akademickim oraz nieakademickim. Niezmiernie istotnym będzie jednak możliwość skutecznego zdiagnozowania problemów generujących współczesne zagrożenia. Wiąże się to z koniecznością odejścia od, cały czas obecnego, postrzegania bezpieczeństwa przez pryzmat korporacji i resortów siłowych. Wskazano, iż badania transdyscyplinarne stanowią najwyższą formę badań zintegrowanych. Równocześnie jest to zaletą, jak i pewnym mankamentem.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ МОВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВНИХ СЛУЖБОВЦІВ ТА ПОСАДОВИХ ОСІБ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Kozlova Liudmyla , Kapustyna Nadiya
Published: August 2019

У статті розглянуто основні теоретичні питання щодо формування компетентностей державних службовців та посадових осіб місцевого самоврядування, зокрема, науковий інтерес становили питання формування саме мовної та комунікативної компетентності. Стаття присвячена визначенню напрямів удосконалення професійної компетентності державних службовців. Для досягнення мети були вирішені наступні завдання: дослідити основні особливості компетентності та компетенції державних службовців на теоретичному рівні, визначити складності формування мовної компетентності, проаналізувати основні проблеми при формуванні компетентностей державних службовців, які виникають в практичній діяльності. Матеріалами для дослідження стали основні наукові праці вітчизняних дослідників та фахівців в сфері вивчення компетентностей та компетенції державних службовців, а також аналіз загальних проблем, які виникають в практичній діяльності державних службовців. Серед методів, які були використані в дослідженні, слід зазначити метод системного аналізу, методи порівняння та моделювання ситуацій. В результаті дослідження було визначено основні механізми формування мовних компетентностей державних службовців, місце та роль в комунікативній діяльності державних службовців, важливості цих компетентностей для професійної діяльності та відповідності професійним кваліфікаційним характеристикам працівників органів державної влади та місцевого самоврядування. Що пов’язано з такими ключовими категоріями проходження державної служби, як оцінка діяльності державного службовця, оцінка компетентностей державних службовців та її вплив на сумлінне ставлення до виконання поставлених обов’язків та викликів, які постають на державній службі. Таким чином, було досліджено зміст основних понять і термінів, встановлено відмінності між термінами компетентність та компетенція, вивчено їх вплив на процедуру оцінки діяльності державного службовця, проаналізовано основні елементи мовної компетентності та її роль і місце в контексті реформування державної служби.
Insertion of a Contra-α-continuous Function
Authors: Mirmiran Majid , Naderi Binesh
Published: August 2019

A necessary and sufficient condition in terms of lower cut sets is given for the insertion of a contra-α-continuous function between two comparable real-valued functions.
Determination of 70 kDa Proteins for Different Temperatures in Cattle Oocytes Matured in vitro
Authors: BENER Leyla , KURAN Mehmet
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted
to determine the effect of 36.5 (low) or 38.5 °C (conventional) culture
temperatures during in vitro
maturation (IVM) on 70 kDa proteins in cattle oocytes. In the study, cattle
cumulus oocyte complexes (COC) were subjected to IVM in bicarbonate-buffered
TCM–199 supplemented with 10% FCS for 22 hours with a humidified 5% CO2 in air
at either 36.5 or 38.5 °C culture temperatures. Maturation of COCs was
determined according to fully cumulus expansion at the end of IVM. The cumulus
cells of matured COCs were removed by vortexing in TCM-199 with HEPES buffered
TCM-199 containing 0.1% hyaluronidase enzyme. Following, denuded oocytes were
washed in 9.6 % phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution for protein isolation.
Denuded oocytes (n = 100 for both groups) were centrifuged for 5 min at 300 rpm
at 4 °C for PBS removed than the lysis buffer (100 μl) was added and shake 15
min on ice for 30 minutes. For protein isolation, the protein was centrifuged
again at 13,000 rpm for 5 minutes and the
protein samples were stored at -20 ° C. To increase the concentration of
isolated protein samples, the samples were frozen at -80 °C for 24 hours and
lyophilized at 0.140 hPa in a lyophilizer. Lyophilized protein samples were
stored at -20 °C until SDS-PAGE analysis. The level of 70 kDa proteins in
oocytes were determined by SDS-PAGE method. There were no significant
differences between low (81.11%) or conventional (84.41%) incubation
temperatures in IVM in terms of full cumulus expansion. The 70 kDa proteins
band size in SDS-PAGE polyacrylamide gel image of cattle oocytes maturated at
low culture temperature was weak compared to cattle oocytes maturated at
conventional culture temperature. The results of this study may show that low
incubation temperature during IVM decreases the amount of 70 kDa proteins in
cattle oocytes.
Political Dhamma explained by eighteen Lesser Texts
Authors: B Kanimozhi
Published: August 2019

When it comes to political affairs, it is necessary to be familiar with the various dictionaries, encyclopaedias, and commentaries on politics. The basic politics of society, their relevance, the origins of the state, the work of the state, the various forms of governance in the history of mankind, the welfare of the people, how they should act, the Government or Emperor qualifications, characteristics and the crimes and grievances of the state.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG DISMINOREA DENGAN MOTIVASI UNTUK PERIKSA KE PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI AKADEMI KEBIDANAN BUDI MULIA PALEMBANG
Authors: Y. Widyastuti Y. Widyastuti
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Disminorea as one of the symptoms that interfere with daily activities disminorea patient. But is often regarded as a minor without knowing disminorea can be caused by a gynecologic disorder that can affect infertility, pain,even death.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge about disminorea young women with the motivation to check into the health service at the Academy of Midwifery Budi Mulia Palembang in 2011.The research method used in this study is to survey the analytic approach to the Cross Sectional, the data obtained by using questionnaires that were distributed. The samples taken with a purposive sampling technique that is most students are experiencing at the Academy of Midwifery disminorea Budi Mulia Palembang by the number of samples of 82 people. The results of analysis of the 82 respondents found the level of knowledge of good responders were 42 respondents (51,2). The level of knowledge of respondents about 40 respondents (48,8%). Good level of motivation of respondents were 44 responden  (53,7%) of respondents lacking motivation levels by 38 responden (46,3%). From the analysis of data showed no significant relationship between knowledge about disminorea teenage daughter with the motivation to check out. From the results of research to improve learning about in order to reduce the impact disminorea disminorea involved..

 

 

 

ABSTRAK

Disminorea sebagai salah satu gejala yang mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari penderitanya.Tetapi disminorea seringkali dianggap sebagai hal yang ringan tanpa mengetahui disminorea bisa disebabkan oleh kelainan ginekologik yang dapat mempengaruhi infertilitas, kesakitan, bahkan kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan remaja putri tentang disminorea dengan motivasi untuk periksa ke pelayanan kesehatan di Akademi Kebidanan Budi Mulia Palembang Tahun 2011. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan secara Cross Sectional, data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang dibagikan. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu sebagian mahasiswi yang mengalami disminorea di Akademi Kebidanan Budi Mulia Palembang dengan jumlah sampel 82 orang. Hasil analisa dari 82 orang responden didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan responden baik sebanyak 42 responden (51,2%). Tingkat pengetahuan responden kurang sebanyak 40 responden (48,8%). Tingkat motivasi responden baik sebanyak 44 responden (53,7%) tingkat motivasi responden kurang sebanyak 38 responden (46,3%). Dari hasil analisa data menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan remaja putri tentang disminorea dengan motivasi untuk periksa. Dari hasil penelitian untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran mengenai disminorea agar mengurangi dampak yang dilibatkan disminorea.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS MERDEKA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2012
Authors: Yuni Kurniati Yuni Kurniati
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

[World Health Organization ( WHO ) , diarrhea is the number one cause of infant mortality worldwid. In Indonesia , toddler diarrhea is the number two killer after ARI ( Acute Respiratory Infection ) . Research purposes to determine the factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the Free Health Center Palembang in 2012 . Sampling is done by sampling rondom method , data analysis, univariate and  =abivariate statistical chi - square test with a significance level of  0.05 . The results from 378 respondents who have children who suffer from diarrhea 213 ( 56.3 % ) . Age of toddlers at high risk of diarrhea, 121 ( 63.4 % ) . Higher education totaled 121 ( 47.3 % ) . High economic status who had diarrhea 56 ( 46.3 % ) . test results obtained chi - square with toddler age p value = 0.008 p value = maternal education and economic status of families 0,000 p value  = 0.05 .a  = 0.009 smaller  So that the hypothesis stating no statistically significant association between toddler age , education and economic status with the incidence of diarrhea in infants statistically proven. Expected for health workers to improve education about prevention of diarrhea in an effort to reduce the incidence of diarrhea in Indonesia.

                                    

ABSTRAK

World Healt Organization (WHO), diare adalah penyebab nomor satu kematian balita di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia, diare adalah pembunuh balita nomor dua setelah ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di Puskesmas Merdeka Palembang tahun 2012. Pengambilan sampel ini dilakukan dengan metode rondom sampling, analisa data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik chi-square  dengan tingkat kemaknaan a = 0,05. Hasil penelitian dari 378 responden yg memiliki balita yg terkena diare 213 (56,3%),. Umur balita yang beresiko tinggi  terkena diare 121 (63,4%). Pendidikan tinggi berjumlah 121 (47,3%). Status ekonomi tinggi yang terkena diare 56 (46,3%). Hasil uji ­chi-square dengan didapatkan umur balita p value = 0,008 pendidikan ibu p value = 0,000 dan status ekonomi keluarga p value = 0,009 lebih kecil   a = 0,05. Sehingga hipotesis menyatakan ada hubungan bermakna antara umur balita, pendidikan dan status ekonomi dengan kejadian diare pada balita terbukti secara statistik. Diharapkan bagi tenaga kesehatan untuk meningkatkan penyuluhan tentang pencegahan diare dalam upaya menurunkan angka kejadian diare di Indonesia.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU MEROKOK PADA REMAJA PUTRA DI SMP NEGERI 40 PALEMBANG TAHUN 2016
Authors: Sri Susanti Sri Susanti
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Male adolescent are vulnerable group in doing risky behavior, one of them is smoking behavior. Smoking behavior of male adolescent do are influenced by several factors. The dependent variable in this research is the behavior of smoking and the independent  variables are the knowledge, the influence of peers, and family environment. The sample in this research is total sampling as many as 112  respondents. The research used a analytic survey method with cross sectional approach. Data analysis is using chi square test with 95% confidence level ( α = 0.05 ) . The results if the research showed that 39.3 % of male adolescent smoke and 60.7 % of the male adolescent  do not smoke. The result of Chi-square statistical test showed no significant relationship between knowledge variable ( p value = 0.844 ) and smoking behavior of male adolescent, while peer influence variable ( p value = 0.000 ) and family environment ( 0.000 ) showed a significant relationship with smoking behavior in SMP Negeri 40 Palembang. This research suggests to the school to increase positive activities in groups that can divert adolescents from smoking behavior, for example by  extracurricular activities, sports and so forth, and entered into cooperation between programs with health institutions in giving information about adolescent development and adolescent health problems, especially the dangers of smoking behavior in adolescents.

 

ABSTRAK

Remaja putra merupakan kelompok yang rentan dalam melakukan perilaku berisiko, salah satunya adalah perilaku merokok. Perilaku merokok yang dilakukan remaja putra dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah perilaku merokok dan variabel indevenden adalah pengetahuan, pengaruh teman sebaya, dan lingkungan keluarga. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Total Sampling dengan jumlah responden 112 remaja putra. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 39,3% remaja putra yang merokok dan 60,7% dari remaja putra yang tidak merokok. Hasil uji statistik chi square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara variabel pengetahuan (p value= 0,844) dengan perilaku merokok remaja putra, sedangkan variabel pengaruh teman sebaya (p value = 0,000) dan lingkungan keluarga (0,000) menunjukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna dengan perilaku merokok di SMP Negeri 40 Palembang. Penelitian ini menyarankan pada pihak sekolah untuk meningkatkan kegiatan positif yang bersifat kelompok yang dapat mengalihkan remaja dari perilaku merokok misalnya dengan mengadakan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, olahraga dan lain sebagainya, dan mengadakan kerja sama lintas program dengan Instansi kesehatan dalam pemberian informasi tentang perkembangan remaja dan permasalahan kesehatan remaja, khususnya bahaya perilaku merokok pada remaja.
HUBUNGAN PERAN ORANG TUA DENGAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK RETARDASI MENTAL DI SLB TUNAGRAHITA KARYA IBU PALEMBANG TAHUN 2017
Authors: Bina Aquari, Yuhemy Zurizah Bina Aquari, Yuhemy Zurizah
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

Retardasi mental adalah suatu keadaan perkembangan mental yang terhenti atau tidak lengkap, yang ditandai dengan adanya hambatan keterampilan dalam masa perkembangan, sehingga berpengaruh pada tingkat intelegensi yaitu kemampuan kognitif, bahasa, motorik dan sosial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan peran orang tua dengan kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Tunagrahita Karya Ibu Palembang Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang mempunyai anak retardasi mental Kelas 1-3 di SLB Tunagrahita Karya Ibu Palembang sebanyak 78 responden. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu yang mempunyai anak retardasi mental sedang Kelas 1-3 di SLB Tunagrahita Karya Ibu Palembang sebanyak 26 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian dari peran orang tua menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan peran orang tua dengan kemandirian anak retardasi mental di SLB Tunagrahita Karya Ibu Palembang. (p value 0,003 < α 0,05). Diharpkan orang tua dapat meningkatkan bimbingan dan pendidikan pada anak retardasi mental untuk membentuk kemandirian yang lebih baik dengan cara selalu membimbing dan melatih anak dalam penggunaan bahasa, bersosialisai dan cara merawat diri sendiri.

 

ABSTRACT

Mental Retardation is a condition of mental development which stops or at uncomplete state, mainly signed by skill hindrance during development, phase it so takes effect on the level of intellegence ; cognitive skill, language skill, motoric skill and social skill. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the parents’ role and the independence of the children mental retardation at State School for Children with Special needs Karya Ibu in Palembang. This study used a descriptive correlation method with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was the parents who had a child mental retardation in1-3 Grades at State School for Children with Special needs Karya Ibu in Palembang as many as 78 respondents. The samples in this study were the mothers who had a child with medium mental retardation in 1-3 in Grades State School for Children with Special needs Karya Ibu in Palembang as many as 26 respondents. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The study of the role of parents showed there is a connection the role of parents with mental retardation in the child's independence SLB Karya Ibu in Palembang Affairs. (p value 0,003 < α 0,05). It is expected for the parents to improve the guidance and education to the children mental retardation to establish a better independence to guide and train the children in using language, socializing and making personal-hygiene.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN BIDAN TENTANG INISIASI MENYUSU DINI DENGAN PENATALAKSANAAN INISIASI MENYUSU DINI DI RUMAH SAKIT BHAYANGKARA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2017
Authors: Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

 

Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (early initiation) atau permulaan menyusu dini adalah membiarkan bayi baru lahir untuk merangkak ke arah payudara ibunya, menemukan puting susu, kemudian menyusu sendiri setidaknya selama satu jam.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan bidan tentang inisiasi menyusu dini dengan pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang Tahun 2017. Desain penelitian bersifat Correlation Study. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang bulan Februari 2017 sampai dengan Mei 2017. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 11 orang. Subjek penelitian adalah bidan di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang. Analisis penelitian dengan menggunakan Spearman Rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan bidan tentang inisiasi menyusu dini dalam kategori baik sebanyak 7 orang (63,3%), cukup 3 orang (27,3%), dan kurang sebanyak 1 orang (9,1%). Sedangkan untuk pelaksanaan inisiasi menyusu dini dalam kategori baik sebanyak 4 orang (36,4%), cukup sebanyak 5 orang (45,4%), dan kurang sebanyak 2 orang (18,2%). Analisis dihasilkan nilai p-value 0,010. Nilai rhoxy sebesar 0,736. Kesimpulannya ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan bidan tentang inisiasi menyusu dini dengan pelaksanaan inisiasi menyusu dini di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Palembang Tahun 2017.

 

ABSTRACT

Early initiation or early breastfeeding is to allow newborns to crawl toward their mother's breasts, find their nipples, and then nursed themselves for at least one hour. The purpose of this study is to know the correlation between midwife knowledge level of early breastfeeding initiation and implementation Early Breastfeeding Initiation at Bhayangkara Palembang Hospital 2017. This study used correlational design. This study was conducted at Bhayangkara Palembang Hospital in February 2017 sampai dengan May 2017. The samples were 11 people. The study subjects were the midwives at Bhayangkara Palembang Hospital. The data analysis used Spearman Rank test. The results of study indicated that the midwives with good level of knowledge about early breastfeeding initiation were seven people (63.3%), with sufficient level of knowledge were three people (27.3%), and with poor level of knowledge was 1 person (9.1%). The midwives with the implementation of early breastfeeding initiation in good category were 4 people (36.4%), in sufficient category were 5 people (45.4%), and in poor category were 2 people (18.2%). The results of analysis obtained the p-value 0.010. The results of analysis obtained the p-value 0.010. The rhoxy value of 0.736. The conclusion was that there was a correlation between the midwives’ levels of knowledge about early breastfeeding initiation to its implementation at Bhayangkara Palembang Hospital.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PENANGANAN KEJADIAN IKUTAN PASCA IMUNISASI (KIPI) PADA BAYI DI PUSKESMAS TEBAT AGUNG KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM
Authors: Yuhemy Zurizah Yuhemy Zurizah
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

 

WHO memperkirakan di negara-negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh memperkirakan terjadinya KIPI menjadi lima kelompok penyebab yaitu kesalahan program (27%), reaksi suntikan (28,7%), reaksi vaksin (21%) koinsiden (17,8%) dan efek samping toksilitas (5,5%). Pengetahuan ibu tentang KIPI adalah bagaimana cara mengatasinya apabila kejadian tersebut terjadi dirumah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang penanganan kejadian ikutan pasca imunisasi pada bayi Peneliti menggunakan metode analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil uji chi-square diperoleh p value (0,001) < α (0,05), hal ini menunjukkan bahwa  ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan penanganan KIPI diharapkan lebih memprioritaskan program kesehatan dalam upaya bagaimana penanganan  terjadinya KIPI. Diharapkan bagi institusi pendidikan agar dapat meningkatkan penyediaan sumber-sumber referensi tentang penelitian terkait dan jurnal kesehatan lainnya serta buku-buku pedoman khususnya mengenai metodelogi penelitian, agar dapat menunjang secara lebih dalam pelaksanaan penelitian selanjutnya.

 

ABSTRACK

 

WHO estimates that in developing countries such as Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh estimates the occurrence of KIPI into five groups of causes of program error (27%), injection reactions (28.7%), vaccine reactions (21%) coincidence (17.8%) and toxic side effects (5.5%). Mother's knowledge about KIPI is how to overcome if the incident happened at home. The purpose of this research is to know the correlation between mother's knowledge about the handling of post-immunization occurrence in baby. Researcher use analytical method with cross sectional approach. The result of this research showed that chi-square test obtained p value (0.001) <α (0,05), it shows that there is a significant correlation between knowledge and handling of KIPI expected to prioritize health program in the effort of handling KIPI. It is desirable for educational institutions to improve the provision of reference resources on related research and other health journals as well as specific guidebooks on research methodology, in order to better support the further implementation of the research.
1035325 Hubungan Antara KB Suntik 3 bulan Pada Akseptor KB ≥ 3 Kali Suntik dan Metroragia Terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan
Authors: Intan Sari
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAK

Di Indonesia, Kontrasepsi hormonal jenis KB Suntik semakin banyak dipakai hal ini dikarenakan metode KB yang paling banyak diketahui masyarakat, cara kerja yang efektif, praktis dan biaya yang dikeluarkan relatif murah dan aman Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara KB Suntik 3 Bulan  Pada Akseptor KB  ≥. 3 kali suntik dan Metroragia Terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode Survei Analitik  dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua akseptor KB suntik 3 bulan yang datang ke Puskesmas Tanjung Raman Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2019. Sampel penelitian ini diambil secara non random  tehnik Accidental Sampling yaitu semua ibu-ibu yang ikut KB Suntik 3 bulan yang datang saat dilakukan penelitian di Puskesmas Tanjung Raman Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2019. Tehnik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh dari wawancara langsung berstruktur dengan menggunakan data pertanyaan berupa kuesioner. Alat pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner. Pada penelitian ini analisis data diuji dengan menggunakan uji statistik chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05 menggunakan komputerisasi. Dari Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara peningkatan berat badan dengan pemakaian KB suntik 3 bulan dimana p value = 0,009. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara metroragia dengan akseptor  KB suntik 3 bulan  ≥ 3 kali dimana p value = 0,016 lebih kecil dari α 0,05

Kata Kunci : KB Suntik 3 bulan, Peningkatan Berat Badan, Metroragia

 

 

ABSTRACT

In Indonesia, KB type hormonal contraception is increasingly being bought because the family planning method is most widely known to the public, effective, practical work methods and the costs are relatively cheap and safe ≥. 3 times injections and Metroragia Against Increased Body Weight This type of research uses the Analytical Survey method using Cross Sectional. The population of this study were all injectable family planning acceptors 3 months who came to the Tanjung Raman Health Center in Prabumulih City in 2019. The study sample was taken from the random non-technical technique of Prabumulih City in 2019. The technique of collecting data in this study using primary data is data obtained from direct interview structured using question data in the form of a questionnaire. Data tools consist of questionnaires. In this study publication data analysis using chi-square statistical test with a significance level of α = 0.05 using computerization. From the results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the increase in body weight with the use of 3-month injection KB where p value = 0.009. There was a significant relationship between metroragia and 3 month injection KB acceptors ≥ 3 times where p value = 0.016 was smaller than α 0.05 Keywords: 3-month injection KB, weight gain, Metroragia
Seguridad, tecnologías de la información y derechos humanos: impunidad gubernamental e inercia ciudadana
Authors: Solórzano Peña María Amelia , Contreras Acevedo Ramiro
Published: August 2019

Este trabajo muestra las contradicciones y fracasos de las políticas públicas de prevención social de la violen- cia y la delincuencia y del delito. Esto es consecuencia de los excesos e ineficacia en el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación, la impunidad y la iner- cia del ciudadano que no se percibe parte del fenómeno social de la inseguridad en México. El problema tiene ori- gen en la incorporación acrítica del término seguridad ciudadana a la política pública. El diseño metodológico corresponde al paradigma crítico, mediante una inves- tigación-acción emancipadora-transformadora y a un enfoque metodológico mixto que dará soporte a la ar- gumentación para eliminar los cuestionamientos o atri- buciones de subjetividad que se confieren a las investi- gaciones sociales. La aportación de la investigación al conocimiento existente permite develar la mimetización de lo que hasta ahora se ha entendido como seguridad ciudadana en México y las falsas promesas del trinomio seguridad, tic y derechos humanos.
Seguridad interior, un concepto ambiguo
Authors: GRUUR MARCOS PABLO MOLOEZNIK
Published: August 2019

A partir de los contenidos y alcances de la seguridad nacional y de la seguridad pública, y de sus respectivos instrumentos coercitivos en México, se intenta demostrar que la definición de seguridad interior (contenida en la reciente Ley de Seguridad Interior) se caracteriza por su ambigüedad, genera confusión entre las diferentes categorías de seguridad en México y, por ende, contribuye a consolidar la violación sistemática de los derechos humanos, al abusar del recurso de las fuerzas armadas como respuesta del Estado.