bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI MENGENAI MINAT BELI KONSUMEN ROKOK
Authors: Faridhatun Faidah Gilang Puspita Rini, Iwan Suroso,
Published: August 2019

AbstrakSalah satu produk yang mengandalkan komponen ekuitas merek untuk bersaing di kategori produknya ini adalah produk rokok dimana pada data yang diperoleh top of mind, yang merupakan tingkatan tertinggi dalam kesadaran merek, yang di adaptasi dari nilai top brand indeks, diketahui bahwa terjadi penurunan top brand indeks pada rokok merek Djarum Super milik PT Djarum selama tahun 2012-2014. Adanya penurunan top brand indeks yang mencerminkan adanya penurunan tingkat kesadaran merek konsumen rokok Djarum Super inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk meneliti apakah penurunan tersebut mempunyai hubungan dengan naik turunnya minat beli. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan sebuah model mengenai dampak asosiasi merek dan kesadaran merek terhadap minat beli rokok Djarum Super. Populasi yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah konsumen rokok merek Djarum Super dengan minimal konsumsi lebih dari 1 tahun di Kabupaten Kudus dengan sampel sebanyak 75 responden. Berdasarkan hasil oleh data melaui SPSS, maka diperoleh hasil bahwa seluruh variabel independen dapat menjelaskan variabel dependennya dibuktikan dengan tingkat signifikansi sebesar 0%.Kata Kunci :niat beli; asosiasi merek; kesadaran merekAbstractOne product that relies on brand equity components to compete in its product category is cigarette products where the data obtained from top of mind, which is the highest level in brand awareness, is adapted from the top brand index value, it is known that there is a decrease in the top brand index on Djarum Super's cigarette brand owned by PT Djarum during 2012-2014. The decline in the top brand index, which reflects the decline in the level of awareness of the Djarum Super cigarette consumer brand, is the background of the authors to examine whether the decline has a relationship with the up and down of buying interest. So the purpose of this study is to develop a model on the impact of brand associations and brand awareness on purchase intention in Djarum Super cigarettes. The population taken in this study is the consumer cigarette brand Djarum Super with a minimum consumption of more than 1 year in Kudus Regency with a sample of 75 respondents. Based on the results by the data through SPSS, the results obtained that all independent variables can explain the dependent variable is proven by a significance level of 0%.Keywords:purchase intention; brand association; brand awareness
Efecto de diferentes sustratos en el crecimiento de plántulas de Dasylirion acrotrichum (Schiede) Zucc.
Authors: Palacios-Romero Abraham , Rodríguez-Laguna Rodrigo , Razo-Zárate Ramón , Jiménez-Muñoz Edith
Published: August 2019

Dasylirion acrotrichum es una especie usada, principalmente, como ornamento religioso, que los productores de Oaxaca quieren empezar a utilizarla en la industria licorera. A pesar de esto, no existe ningún tipo de estudio técnico o científico del taxon, por lo que es imperativo generar conocimiento del mismo. Por ello, se evaluó el efecto de tres diferentes sustratos en el crecimiento de plántulas de D. acrotrichum. Se estableció un ensayo en un invernadero perteneciente a la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Las semillas fueron germinadas y trasplantadas a contenedores de polietileno con tres tratamientos: tierra agrícola-tezontle (2:1), tierra agrícola (100 %) y tierra agrícola–tezontle (1:1). Las variables estudiadas fueron: biomasa de raíz, aérea, total y número de hojas. Se realizaron dos mediciones: a los seis y 18 meses de efectuado el trasplante y los datos obtenidos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza. A los seis meses, el tratamiento de tierra agrícola–tezontle (1:1) tuvo la mayor biomasa radicular y biomasa total, datos que fueron superiores a los otros tratamientos hasta 31.94 % y 23.75 %, respectivamente. A los 18 meses, el tratamiento de tierra agrícola–tezontle (1:1), alcanzó la mayor biomasa aérea y total, superó hasta 25.5 % y 24.6 %, respectivamente al resto de los tratamientos. Por lo que se infiere que este sustrato mejora el crecimiento inicial de esta especie.
Presencia de enterobacterias en insumos de uso agrícola en La Comarca Lagunera
Authors: Chavarría Hernández Claudia Zamantha , Gallegos Robles Miguel Ángel , Fortis Hernández Manuel , González Salas Uriel , Cervantes Vázquez María Gabriela , Castellanos Pérez Edmundo
Published: August 2019

La situación mundial del comercio de alimentos obliga a los países exportadores a reforzar sus sistemas de control y adoptar y vigilar estrategias de control de la inocuidad basadas en el riesgo de contaminación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue aislar enterobacterias en diversos insumos usados en la producción agrícola en La Comarca Lagunera y determinar el riesgo que implica su uso en las actividades agrícolas. Se analizaron microbiológicamente muestras a partir de diferentes fuentes de agua, estiércoles y suelo, usados en la producción agrícola de La Comarca Lagunera, México, durante los años 2014-2016. Se identificó a Klebsiella spp. como el principal factor de riesgo de contaminación bacteriana en el agua que se utiliza para el riego de los diferentes cultivos con una prevalencia de 46.95%. En las muestras de suelo se aisló únicamente a Klebsiella spp. con una prevalencia de 60%, mientras que en muestras estiércol bovino se aisló E. coli (30%) y Klebsiella spp. (40%), Salmonella spp. (14%) en estiércol caprino y Salmonella spp. (100%) en estiércol pollinaza. Lo anterior representa un factor de riesgo para la salud del consumidor final, en el caso de productores que pretendan exportar sus productos agrícolas, les restaría competitividad y les pudieran cerrar los mercados internacionales. Una investigación más profunda es necesaria a lo largo de la cadena de producción de frutas y hortalizas con el fin de reducir esta contaminación.
Tasas de crecimiento económico de leguminosas de bajo consumo de agua
Authors: Herrera Flores Teresa Susana , Moreno Contreras María Guadalupe , Licea de Anda Eva Marcela , Arratia Castro Alda Alejandra
Published: August 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el comportamiento de la producción y tasas de crecimiento económico de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) y garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.). En México, se destinan alrededor de 1.93 millones de hectáreas al cultivo de cinco legumbres, que corresponde a frijol (91.7%), garbanzo (6.4%), haba (1.4%), lenteja (0.4%) y chícharo (0.1%). Los datos de producción se obtuvieron del anuario estadístico de la producción (http://infosiap.siap.gob.mx/ aagricola-siap-gb/icultivo/, del periodo 2013-2017). La superficie sembrada de frijol presentó una tasa positiva de crecimiento media anual de 0.84%, siendo el estado de Zacatecas y Durango que participan con 59% del total de ha a nivel nacional, mientras que a Guanajuato le corresponde 6%, siendo Pénjamo el que tiene un total de 8% de la superficie en el estado. En garbanzo, se obtuvo una tasa de crecimiento media anual, con valores negativos, para la superficie sembrada, -5.01%, siendo Sinaloa y Sonora los que representan 77% del total de la superficie sembrada a nivel nacional, Guanajuato aporta 6%, mientras que los municipios de Pénjamo y Valle de Santiago tuvieron los valores más altos. El precio por tonelada y el valor de la producción tuvieron valores positivos con respecto a las tasas de crecimiento media anual en el cultivo de frijol, mientras que en garbanzo las tasas de crecimiento con valores positivos fueron el rendimiento ha, el precio por tonelada y el valor de la producción.
Доопераційна серцева недостатність при інфекційному ендокардиті
Authors: Колтунова Г. Б. , Сенько О. Г. , Хорощак В. Я. , Крикунов О. А. , Малишева Т. А. , Списаренко С. П.
Published: August 2019

Серцева недостатність є найбільш частим і найбільш важким ускладненням інфекційного ендокардиту (ІЕ) з частотою реєстрації від 42% до 60% випадків ІЕ нативних клапанів серця.

Мета роботи – виявити діагностичні показники та терміни оперативного втручання при ІЕ, ускладненому серцевою недостатністю (СН).

Висновки. Діагностувати доопераційну СН можна за клінічними та лабораторними показниками, за ехокардіографічними даними, за функціональним класом NYHA. Наявність СН є принциповим показанням до проведення ургентного хірургічного втручання у більшості пацієнтів з ІЕ. Доопераційна СН є найважливішим предиктором госпітальної, шестимісячної та річної летальності.
Тесемочное окутывание восходящей аорты при ее постстенотическом расширении и коррекции аортального стеноза
Authors: Попов В. В. , Большак О. О. , Списаренко С. П. , Малишева Т. А. , Лазоришинець В. В.
Published: August 2019

Цель работы – изучить клинические возможности оригинальной методики хирургической коррекции постстенотических аневризм восходящей аорты (ВА) при коррекции аортального стеноза. В отделе хирургического лечения приобретенных пороков сердца Института с 01 января 2005 г. до 01 января 2017 г. по поводу аортального порока с преобладанием стеноза в сочетании с постстенотическим расширением восходящей аорты произведено протезирование аортального клапана (ПАК) в сочетании с тесемочным окутыванием восходящей аорты у 174 пациентов. Госпитальная летальность составила 0,6%. При эхокардиографическом исследовании размер восходящей аорты составил до операции 47,2±1,2 мм, на момент выписки – 39,7±1,4 мм, в отдаленный период – 40,2±0,5 мм. На основании полученного клинического опыта представляется целесообразным рекомендовать оригинальную методику тесемочного окутывания восходящей аорты от основания некоронарного синуса при ее расширении (40 мм и более) в сочетании с ПАК при постстенотическом расширении ВА.
Successful surgical treatment of supradiaphragmatic descending thoracic aorta coarctation with anomalous origin of truncus coeliacus
Authors: Дзюрман Д. О. , Радченко М. П. , Артеменко Е. О. , Серденко Б. Б. , Руденко Н. М. , Ємець І. М.
Published: August 2019

Middle aortic syndrome (MAS) is a segmental narrowing of the abdominal or distal descending thoracic aorta that is produced by congenital or by a number of acquired etiologies. MAS may be caused by Takayasu’s or temporal arteritis (giant cell arteritides), neurofibromatosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, retroperitoneal fibrosis, mucopolysaccharidosis, and Williams syndrome, or congenital, ascribed to a developmental anomaly in the fusion and maturation of the paired embryonic dorsal aortas.

Aim of this article is to present a clinical case of successful surgical treatment of middle aortic syndrome with anomalous truncus coeliacus (supradiaphragmatic origin and above coarctation segment) in 3-year-old patient. Material and methods. In this article we offer the case of a 3-year-old female patient with middle aortic syndrome (supradiaphragmatic coarctation of descending thoracic aorta) and anomalous truncus coeliacus. The final diagnosis was established with computed tomography. Computed tomography revealed quite unusual origin of truncus coeliacus (its origin was supradiaphragmatic and above coarctation). She has undergone a successful surgical treatment, end-to-end extended anastomosis technique with truncus coeliacus reimplantation.

Results. Four months follow-up CT imaging showed no distortions and no restenosis at the anastomosis site. At 4 month follow-up examination patient was asymptomatic with no neurological dysfunction.

Conclussion. End-toend extended anastomosisis is relatively safe technique and an effective method of treatment for atypical coarctation with significant postoperative reduction of arterial blood pressure.
Serviço Psicoeducacional para Atletas de Competição no Paraná (SPAC-PR) : proposta de implementação de programa de estimulação cognitiva
Authors: Souza Jaqueline Puquevis , Lobo Cristina Costa
Published: August 2019

O desenvolvimento do talento desportivo privilegia atualmente, uma perspectiva holística defensora da interação entre múltiplos fatores. A importância e a associação das variáveis psicológicas com o alto rendimento dos atletas encontram-se amplamente demonstradas. A análise da arquitetura psicológica dos atletas talentosos e o desenvolvimento dos indicadores de acesso à excelência constituem território de interseção entre a Psicologia Educacional e a Psicologia do Esporte. Com o propósito manifesto de implementar programas de estimulação cognitiva que desenvolvam as necessidades específicas de atletas talentosos do estado do Paraná, apresenta-se o projeto de extensão permanente denominado Serviço Psicoeducacional para Atletas de Competição do Paraná: o SPAC- PR. Neste artigo são sinalizados os modelos teóricos do desenvolvimento desportivo e são descritos e delineados os eixos constituintes do SPAC-PR, serviço em implementação.
“RUSSIAN SOCIALISM” NATIONAL PROJECT AND “SCYTHIAN” FIGURE IN A. I. HERZEN’S IDEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Authors: Vyazinkin Aleksei Yur’evich
Published: August 2019

The article examines the socio-philosophical and anthropological aspects of the “Russian socialism” national project represented in the ideological heritage of the outstanding Russian thinker A. I. Herzen. For the first time, within the framework of the historical and philosophical analysis, the “Scythian” anthropological type is distinguished in the thinker’s creative work and its interpretation as a subject of the “Russian socialism” civilization project is suggested. Ideological connection of the “Scythian” anthropological figure suggested by Herzen as an analogue of sovereign personality with the “Scythian” tradition in the Russian Neo-narodnik movement is ascertained.
PHILOSOPHICAL IMAGE OF CLASSICAL AND NON-CLASSICAL SCIENCE: CHANGE OF KEY METAPHORS
Authors: Martishina Natal’ya Ivanovna , Akishina Elena Olegovna
Published: August 2019

The article considers the expression of the generalized philosophical image of science in various periods of its development through the key metaphors used by philosophers to describe scientific cognition. The authors believe that this way it is possible to trace both the change in the character of science itself during the transition from the classical to the non-classical stage of its development, and the change in the paradigm of philosophy of science. The main lines of changes are transitions from reality reflection metaphors to metaphors of new reality construction and from free game metaphors to metaphors of work carried out in the organizational forms of production activity.
PROFESSIONAL SOLDIER’S DUTY AS A DETERMINANT OF LIFE MEANING
Authors: Kuleshov Valerii Ermolaevich , Danil’chenko Sergei Alekseevich
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the study of opportunities, conditions and factors of professional activity allowing one to find and realize life-meaning human values. Despite the fact that life meaning is subjective and connected with vocation, it has an objective - moral - meaningful core that provides the value of an individual’s life activity both for him and for the society. Using the example of examining the specific characteristics of a professional soldier’s duty (tensions in combat training, extreme conditions, readiness for self-sacrifice, etc.), the authors show their altruistic requirements as determinants of a person’s life meaning making it possible to realize his personal potential at most. The criterion of moral choice truth is evaluation of history; and it is applicable to activity in any profession.
“INTERNATIONALISM” NOTION IN PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Lysenko Irina Sergeevna
Published: August 2019

The article examines the peculiarities of using the “internationalism” notion in domestic and foreign literature. This notion was formulated in the XIX century in Marxist philosophy; its key characteristic is the unity of actions. The paper shows the specificity of the domestic philosophical approach to internationalism and reveals the universal meaning of the “internationalism” notion, which includes rapprochement of nations, friendship and mutual assistance. The author justifies the non-relevance of such notions as “cosmopolitism” and “tolerance”, which are considered as alternatives to internationalism.
COMPUTER GAMES AS AN INSTRUMENT OF PEACEFUL WAR
Authors: Polikarpova Valentina Aleksandrovna , Polikarpova Elena Vital’evna
Published: August 2019

The article considers computer games from the viewpoint of peaceful war as a state of the modern information society. It is shown that computer games, which use virtual reality technology, have a powerful manipulative potential. The authors reveal manipulative tricks contained in computer games including those causing habituation and painful addiction. The “falling out of time” phenomenon observed among gamers is analysed. The paper concludes that computer games as a high-tech commercial product created on the basis of high-hume-technologies can be used as an instrument of peaceful war.
BUDGET OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE FOR 1803-1913: METHODOLOGY TO RECONSTRUCT LONG TIME SERIES
Authors: Akasheva Anna Anatol’evna , Sokolov Yuri Vyacheslavovich
Published: August 2019

The article suggests and tests the methodology to reduce the budget of the Russian Empire for 1803-1913 to unified, comparable indicators. The authors have obtained reconstructed long time series on the state budget revenue and expenditure over the period of 111 years. By the example of the country’s ordinary expenditure, the researchers illustrate and explain discrepancy between nominal and real data. In the conclusion, the paper outlines prospects for the practical application of the suggested methodology. The reconstructed and nominal budget series are available on the Internet in MS Excel format and can be used for scientific and educational purposes.
TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL MYTH
Authors: Ryabtsev Sergei Viktorovich , Kirillov Pavel Evgen'evich
Published: August 2019

The article analyses the functioning and reproduction of mythological conceptions establishing idealized life activity models in social consciousness. The authors point out that comfortable social interaction implemented by means of temporal transformations of mythologies is achieved through cognitive and factological extension of social reality. The time factor role in the process of actual mythology formation is identified. The paper introduces the conception of a visible, visual myth implemented in social practices and concludes about the considerable role of temporally organized social mythology in the process of reproducing social relations.
SELF-DETERMINATION OF MODERN SCIENCE: PROBLEM OF DEMARCATION AND ITS SOCIAL MEANING
Authors: Salpagarova Lyudmila Andreevna
Published: August 2019

The article deals with the actualization of the sociocultural meanings of the demarcation of scientific and non-scientific knowledge in modern philosophy. The intellectual and social prerequisites of this actualization are revealed. The main variants of solving the problem of demarcation in the history of philosophy (Bacon, Descartes, neopositivism, postpositivism) are characterized. The author analyses parascience, pseudoscience and deviant science as the main components of the array of non-scientific knowledge. The paper notes the social significance of the demarcation of science associated with its growing prestige and role in solving modern sociocultural, anthropological and civilization problems. Rationality is defined as the leading criterion of scientific knowledge and the value of modern social development.
MODERNIZATION POSSIBILITIES OF ARCHAIC CHARACTER IN THE PROCESS OF THE SOCIETY’S SOCIO-CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sycheva Tat’yana Mikhailovna
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the archaization phenomenon from the standpoint of different understanding and interpretation of modernization process. The author analyses archaic character as a complex, multifaceted contradictory phenomenon, which has its specific content, social practices and mental structures. In contrast to the generally accepted approach, the researcher considers archaic character, firstly, not only as a hindrance, but as an integral part of the society’s development process, secondly, as a source of modernization changes. The creative potential of archaic character comes from the fact that it is based on the processes of the society’s self-organization and self-mobilization.
“NOVUM IN NOVOS”: PAGAN PROLIFICATION OF THE XXI CENTURY BY THE EXAMPLE OF “ALATYR OF SPIRIT” COMMUNITY
Authors: Shizhenskii Roman Vital'evich
Published: August 2019

Relying on the Internet sources, interviews and publications of pagan leaders, the article examines the structural peculiarities and worldview specificity of the pagan community “Alatyr of Spirit”. The research findings allow the author to draw some conclusions. The “Alatyr of Spirit” community is a striking example of new paganism of the XXI century with a range of specific systemic discourses typical of the movement at the modern stage. The following distinguishing features of the mentioned pagan community are identified: firstly, impetuous development; secondly, the peculiarities of internal structure: a small group of geographically separated adherents; thirdly, the insisted “spontaneity” realized through their own pantheon and calendar.
W. A. MOZART’S CONCERT FOR CLARINET AND ORCHESTRA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GENRE EVOLUTION
Authors: Zlotnikov Dmitrii Evgen'evich , Polozova Irina Viktorovna
Published: August 2019

The article analyses W. A. Mozart’s Concert A-dur (К. 622) as a composition representing the process of evolution of concert for clarinet and orchestra in the XVIII century. The authors’ attention is focused on the problem of the concert for clarinet and orchestra genre development, its evolution from J. Molter’s baroque concerts and early classical clarinet concerts of Mannheim school composers (Johann and Carl Stamitz) towards mature classical concert in W. A. Mozart’s creative work. The following aspects of the genre development are analysed: compositional and dramaturgic peculiarities, technical and expressive potential of solo clarinet, interaction of soloist and orchestra.
FORTIFICATION FEATURES OF THIÉRACHE FORTIFIED CHURCHES IN LINE WITH THE ARMS DEVELOPMENT OF THE XVI-XVII CENTURIES (BY THE EXAMPLE OF ST MARTIN’S CHURCH IN BURELLES)
Authors: Orlov Igor Ivanovich
Published: August 2019

The article examines the morphology of Thiérache religious constructions “eglises fortifiees” of the XVI-XVII centuries by the example of St Martin’s church in Burelles. For the first time in the domestic art criticism, the author introduces previously unavailable foreign sources devoted to the “eglises fortifiees” phenomenon into scientific use. Analysing the translated materials, the researcher concludes that the church of Burelles initially had a complex and logical fortification system preserving the tendency to further improvement of architectural and compositional schemes.
FORMING THE FOUNDATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN BALLET THEATRE TRADITION (HISTORICAL AND ARTISTIC ASPECTS)
Authors: Katysheva Dzhenni Nikolaevna
Published: August 2019

The article deals with the origin of the Russian ballet theatre tradition formation and its root stages when the attempt to reveal a hero’s inner world on the scene by dance and plastic means was undertaken for the first time. Its founders were the first Russian choreographers of Pushkin era I. I. Valberh and A. P. Glushkovsky, and then the tradition development was organically continued by Sh. L. Didlo and J.-J. Perrot. These choreographers’ work created prerequisites for M. I. Petipa’s reformative activity, the creator of the classics foundation, the symphonization of dance. The Russian ballet’s achievements of these historical periods can be successfully used in modern choreography in the disclosure of “inner person”.
ANALYSIS OF THE VIDEO GAME “THE ENTERTAINMENT”. INVERSION OF FORMS
Authors: Lapshin Pavel Viktorovich
Published: August 2019

The article analyses the experimental theatrical production “The Entertainment” (2013) in the Kentucky Route Zero video game universe from the standpoint of art history. The paper considers the narrative structure of the characters and the plot of the play in terms of cultural references and borrowings. The author’s attention is drawn to the notion of “inversion of form” of stage space and objects of classical art forms in the meta-context of the video game, within which the synthesis of literary, dramatic and theatrical means of artistic expression takes place, together forming the subjective viewer experience through the static first-person gameplay. Conceptually substantiating references to the categories of real and artistic, being at the junction of logic and absurdity, theatre and performance, the video game “The Entertainment” turns the dramatic production of the non-existent playwright into a source of intellectual reflection allowing for discourse in interdisciplinary research.
A. MALDYBAEV’S ROLE IN KYRGYZSTAN MUSICAL ART FORMATION
Authors: Ulanova Adina Ulanovna
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the creative work of the Kyrgyz composer, singer, actor A. M. Maldybaev and his role in the republic’s cultural space. A. M. Maldybaev’s versatile activity is considered in the context of professional art formation in Kyrgyzstan. Bright individuality of talent, close and deep connection with folk roots in combination with successful assimilation of classical opera heritage achievements made A. M. Maldybaev one of the founders of the Kyrgyz Soviet composer’s school. The author gives a brief overview of his works, many of which remain unknown to the scientific community but do not lose their relevance.
NATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SOUTHERN VOLGA PROVINCES IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF KAMYSHIN, TSARITSYN AND DUBOVKA POSAD)
Authors: Karagodina Oksana Aleksandrovna , Litvinova Irina Nikolaevna
Published: August 2019

The article deals with the economic and socio-cultural aspects of national business communities’ practices in the southern regions of Saratov province by the example of Kamyshin and Tsaritsyn districts in the period of the country modernization at the beginning of the XX century. The types and forms of the Volga Germans’, the Jews’ and the Tatars’ commercial activity are revealed. Reference materials and new archival sources introduced into scientific circulation make it possible to consider the specificity of the ethnic communities’ entrepreneurship and their religious affiliation. The authors somehow fill the existing gaps in the history of socio-cultural heritage of Volgograd region.
THE SOCIALIST REVOLUTIONARY PARTY’S PLATFORM AT THE ELECTION TO MUNICIPAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES IN SUMMER, 1917
Authors: Protasova Ol’ga L’vovna
Published: August 2019

The article considers the project of municipal reform prepared by the Socialist Revolutionary Party in spring - summer, 1917 for the election to local self-government bodies of republican Russia. It is shown that the socialists-revolutionaries put a high value on democratization and autonomization of municipal self-government bodies as lower-level institutions of the future socialist society, realized the importance of increasing civil activism of the vast masses of urban population, involving them in economic and social life management in their municipalities.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA SMP MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI
Authors: Warniasih Kristina , Kurniawati Ririn Meila , Utami Niken Wahyu
Published: August 2019

The research aims to know student’s mathematics critical thinking ability at the inquiry learning process of P flat side geometry of cube and cuboid class VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Sentolo. This kind of research is qualitative research. The research subject was six students of class VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Sentolo, that consist of two students of high class, two students of the middle class, and two students of low class. The collected data was in the form of written and oral. The written data was obtained from the test, and the oral data was obtained from the interview. Mathematic critical thinking ability was measured based on Ennis’ indicator. The research result showed that after student followed the learning process with guided inquiry learning method, high-class students can build the entire indicator of mathematic critical thinking ability correctly and completely, middle-class students can built the entire indicator of mathematic critical thinking ability correctly but there were little problems at the indicator 1, 2, 3 and 4, whereas low-class students can build the entire indicator of mathematic critical thinking ability correctly but there were little problems at the indicator 2 and 3. Besides, they less in indicator 1 and 4.
Petalomonas sphagnophila (Euglenophyta, Petalomonadales), a new euglenophyte species for Russia
Authors: Kapustin D. A. , Philippov D. A. , Sokolova I. V. , Gusev E. S.
Published: August 2019

Petalomonas sphagnophila has been found for the first time in Russia from the Shichengskoe raised bog (Vologda Region). Morphology of the species is studied by means of light microscopy and illustrated by original micrographs. The data on its taxonomy, ecology and distribution are given. The name P. sphagnophila was not validly published because no type was indicated in the original publication (Christen, 1962), so we are validating the name by indicating its holotype. P. polytaphrena Skuja, nom. inval. is treated as a synonym of P. sphagnophila. Currently, thirty species of the genus Petalomonas, including P. sphagnophila, are known from Russia.
Materials to diatom flora of Moscow Region: naviculoid diatoms of Meleevsky Stream (Zvenigorod Biological Station)
Authors: Chudaev D. A.
Published: August 2019

The article contains a brief review of investigation of diatom flora of S. N. Skadovsky Zvenigorod Biological Station (Moscow Region). Until present the shallow streams of Moscow Region and European Russia did not attract a proper attention of the diatomologists that makes this study important. To date studies of algae of Meleevsky Stream have not been conducted. The stream flows a in spruce forest, its valley is swampy and water is characterized by circumneutral pH values and medium electrolyte content. The list of 98 species, varietes and morphotypes of naviculoid diatoms belonging to 18 genera found in epipelon of the watercourse is provided. For all taxa brief descriptions and light or electron micrographs are given. The highest taxonomic richness was observed in the genera Pinnularia (23 taxa), Sellaphora (17) and Stauroneis (13). 3 genera and 47 species and varietes are new for the flora of Zvenigorod Biological Station (marked with * in the text), 21 species are new records for Moscow Region (marked with **). On the one hand the work broadens our knowledge of diatom flora of Moscow Region, on the other hand it contrubutes to the data on diatom biodiversity in small forest streams of European part of Russia neglected by researchers.
New data on the agaricoid basidiomycetes of the Tver Region
Authors: Morozova O. V. , Aleksandrova A. V. , Popov E. S. , Malysheva E. F.
Published: August 2019

The annotated list of agaricoid basidiomycetes collected in the vicinities of the field research station of Laboratory of population ecology of the Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS is provided. The collection places are situated in the Staritsa and Zubtsov Districts of the Tver Region. The list includes 38 species and 3 varieties not reported in earlier publications for the Tver Region, 20 species among them belonging to the Entolomataceae. Entoloma moguntinum and E. rhombisporum var. floccipes are reported for the first time for Russia. Their descriptions, graphic drawings and photographs are provided. E. moguntinum is recorded for the Pskov Region also. Photographs of Cystoderma fallax, Entoloma asprellum, E. chalybeum, E. poliopus var. poliopus, E. rhombisporum var. floccipes are provided.
Peltula pannarioides and P. rosulata (Peltulaceae), new lichen species from Baikal Siberia
Authors: Makryi T. V.
Published: August 2019

The objective of the study was to conduct a thorough anatomical, morphological and taxonomic study of the species of the lichen genus Peltula from Baikal Siberia belonging to the group with peltate-umbilicate sorediate thallus (euploca-bolanderi-type). Until now, among over 40 Peltula species, only four ones belonged to this group (P. africana, P. bolanderi, P. euploca and P. farinosa). In addition to the widespread species P. euploca, two new species have been identified, essentially different from all the four previously known members of the group, primarily by the expressed polyphyllous character of the thallus. Descriptions of the new species, P. pannarioides and P. rosulata, with their macro and micro photos and a map of their distribution, are provided. P. pannarioides is characterized by a thick polyphyllous thallus, upturned undulate sorediate margins of lobes, brown-grey reticulate-grained pruinose upper surface, large granulose soredia, thick cracked epinecral layer, and medulla composed of densely interwoven periclinally oriented hyphae. P. rosulata is characterized by thin polyphyllous thallus, upturned undulate sorediate margins of lobes, dark-brown, smooth, matte upper surface, large granulose soredia, thin continuous brownish epinecral layer, and medulla composed of loosely interwoven periclinally and anticlinally oriented hyphae. The territory of Baikal Siberia and of Southern Siberia as a whole may be regarded as one of the centers of the species diversity of genus Peltula, namely of the group of species with polyphyllous umbilicate sorediate thallus. The entire complex of the species with the euploca-bolanderi-type thallus requires more detailed study.
A review of the lichen genera Chaenotheca and Sclerophora (Coniocybaceae) in Belarus. I
Authors: Yatsyna A. P.
Published: August 2019

The paper presents data on 11 lichen species of the genera Chaenotheca and Sclerophora in Belarus. A new locality of Chaenotheca cinerea has been discovered; until now the species was known in Belarus from the only record published in 1830. New localities of protected lichens C. chlorella and C. gracilenta are found. Data on localities, habitats and substrates of all species are provided. It is established, that C. chlorella, C. chrysocephala, C. gracilenta, C. phaeocephala, Sclerophora farinacea, S. pallida and S. peronella inhabit mainly the bark of old-growth deciduous or rarely coniferous trees. The specimens are deposited at the lichen herbarium of V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (MSK-L).
Сhlamydomonads (Chlamydomonadaceae) from St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region: current knowledge and new records
Authors: Boldina O. N.
Published: August 2019

The paper contains data on biflagellated green monads discovered earlier in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, and their new records in sites of Karelian Isthmus, namely (1) Beloostrov railway station, St. Petersburg (ca. 60°9′ N, 30°0′ E) and (2) projected regional sanctuary «Orekhovsky», Leningrad Region (ca. 60°31′ N, 30°18′ E) in 2012–2015. Chlamydomonas asymmetrica, C. debaryana, C. moewusii, C. noctigama, C. nasuta, Microglena cf. opisthopyren have been identified on the basis of integrative study of all cellular components with light and transmission electron microscopy. Identification of C. asymmetrica and C. debaryana has been confirmed by the analysis of their nucleotide sequences. All the recorded species are new to St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. Their descriptions, localities, and habitat peculiarities are provided.
The genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyta) in Arctic and Atarctic
Authors: Gogorev R. M. , Samsonov N. I.
Published: August 2019

A floristic review of the genus Chaetoceros from Arctic and Antarctic waters is undertaken. Taxonomic composition of the Chaetoceros from the Russian Arctic seas, as well as from some regions of the Antarctic was investigated in both water column and sea ice. The genus is rather diverse in both polar regions: 55 species in Arctic and 34 ones in Antarctic. The regions differ in total number of species, number of species belonging to the subgenera Chaetoceros and Hyalochaete and to different sections. Species of the genus are often dominant and the most abundant in Arctic phytoplankton. However, the genus is not prevailing in number of the dominant species as well as in share of the total cell abundance of Antarctic phytoplankton. The importance of the species in sea ice assemblages of the Antarctic is more significant as compared with the Arctic. The Arctic is characterized by cosmopolitan species and those widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, more than half of the Chaetoceros taxa are common to all Arctic seas. The Antarctic has a high percentage of endemic Chaetoceros species. Both polar regions are similar in terms of Chaetoceros species composition mainly due to cosmopolitan species.
L. G. Ramensky is the faculty member at the Voronezh University and his students
Authors: Golub V. B.
Published: August 2019

This paper follows the series of publications in «Vegetation of Russia» devoted to L. G. Ramensky (Golub, 2013, 2014, 2017). It describes a period of 1924–1928 when Ramensky worked at the Voronezh State University (VSU). This period of his life has previously been largely unknown even in the VSU. Furthermore, the author tries to follow the scientific life of Ramensky's students who have chosen the profession of phytocenologist.

It turned out that events of 1924–1928 are difficult to restore, as a significant part of the VSU archive was lost during the World War II. Nevertheless, several new facts were found.

Outstanding Russian botanists B. A. Keller (1874–1945) and B. M. Kozo-Polyansky (1890–1957) were colleagues by Ramensky at the VSU. Kozo-Polyansky, who was a head of the VSU Department of Botany, helped Ramensky's family to establish their life in Voronezh. He provided them with accommodation directly at the Department of Botany.

The author found documents proving a previously unknown fact that Ramensky had worked at the VSU Department of Geobotany. However, after Ramensky left the University, this department was closed, and with time its existence at the VSU in 1920s was forgotten. The current Department of Botany and Myco­logy of the VSU, which will celebrate 100th anniversary in 2018, is not a successor of the Department of Geobotany.

Two of the students who received education under the leadership by Ramensky at the VSU, M. V. Nikolaevskaya and I. A. Tsatsenkin, became professional geobotanists.

M. V. Nikolaevskaya (1900–1950) worked with Ramensky for many years after graduation from the VSU. In 1932–1935 she participated in the inventory of natural forage lands of the USSR headed by Ramensky. Since 1936 until the end of her life Nikolaev­skaya held the position of a scientific researcher at the Voronezh State Nature Reserve. Classification of its vege­tation (Nikolaevskaya, 1971) became a result of her the long-term investigations. She was the first geobotanist in the USSR who applied Ramensky's indicator values for vegetation classification.

I. A. Tsatsenkin (1905–1973) already in his second year at the VSU was involved as a student in geobotanical studies supervised by Ramensky. Since 1930, he permanently worked at the All-Union Williams Fodder Research Institute. Tsatsenkin was Ramensky's closest assistant in the course of the 1932–1935 campaign on the inventory of the natural forage lands of the USSR. In 1940–1943 he headed the Hay-and-pasture expedition to study the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. After Ramensky's death, Tsatsenkin, together with the staff of the institute, completed the work on the ecological indicator values of plants of the European part of the USSR (Ramensky et al., 1956).
A Guide for Many Authors: Writing Manuscripts in Large Collaborations
Authors: Moshontz Hannah , Ebersole Charles R. , Weston Sara J , Klein Richard Anthony
Published: August 2019

Writing manuscripts collaboratively affords both opportunities and challenges: Collaborative papers can benefit from the expertise, perspectives, and collective effort of the group but can lack coherence or be produced inefficiently. When collaborations are large, involving ten or hundreds of researchers, there are more and different opportunities and challenges, like appropriately crediting the contributions of many people. This paper is a practical guide for authors writing collaborative manuscripts, particularly those working in large collaborations. We emphasize the importance of deliberate leadership and describe five general strategies that lead authors can employ to maximize opportunities and navigate challenges: care in recruiting the author team, care in crediting the author team, clear and frequent communication, organized materials, and deliberate and early decision-making. For each, we offer specific tips in line with these strategies (e.g., use collaboration agreements, leverage Open Science practices). We then suggest how lead authors can structure the writing and revising process to produce a coherent manuscript and offer tips for submitting papers and responding to peer-reviews. A repository of resources for people writing manuscripts in collaborations is available at osf.io/dzwcn
Individual differences in pathogen disgust predict responses to trypophobic images
Authors: McAuley Laura , Shiramizu Victor Kenji Medeiros , O'Shea Kieran J. , stevenson Judith , Jones Benedict C , Dawydiak Eugene Jurij
Published: August 2019

Pathogen disgust is thought to function primarily to reduce exposure to infectious diseases. Recent work has found that viewing trypophobic images (i.e., images showing clusters of small holes or bumps) elicits stronger negative responses in people who report greater pathogen disgust. This association has been reported for responses to trypophobic images that pose no obvious threat of infectious disease (i.e., infectious-disease-unrelated images) and is independent of the possible effects of disgust in other domains (e.g., moral or sexual disgust). In a sample of 494 participants, we replicated the finding that pathogen disgust, but not moral or sexual disgust, predicted individual differences in the extent to which infectious-disease-unrelated images (a lotus pod and a honeycomb) elicited negative responses. These results contribute to a growing body of work that may implicate pathogen disgust in a range of attitudes to individuals, groups, and objects, even when they pose no obvious threat of infectious disease.
How experts' own inconsistency relates to their confidence and between-expert disagreement
Authors: Litvinova Aleksandra , Kurvers Ralf , Hertwig Ralph , Herzog Stefan Michael
Published: August 2019

People routinely rely on experts' advice to guide their decisions. However, experts are known to make inconsistent judgments when judging the same case twice. Previous research on expert inconsistency has largely focused on individual or situational factors; here we focus directly on the cases themselves. First, using a theoretical model, we study how within-expert inconsistency and confidence are related to how strongly experts agree on a case. Second, we empirically test the model's predictions in two real-world datasets with a diagnostic ground truth from follow-up research: diagnosticians rating the same mammograms or images of the lower spine twice. Our modeling and empirical analyses converge on the same novel results: The more experts disagree in their initial decisions about a case (i.e., as consensus decreases), the less confident individual experts are in their initial decision---despite not knowing the level of consensus---and the more likely they are to judge that same case differently when facing it again months later, regardless of whether the expert consensus is correct. Our results suggest the following advice when faced with two conflicting decisions from a single expert: In the absence of more predictive cues, choose the more confident decision.
The perceptual prediction paradox
Authors: Press Clare , Kok Peter , Yon Daniel
Published: August 2019

From the noisy information bombarding our senses our brains must construct percepts that are veridical – reflecting the true state of the world – and informative – conveying the most important information for adjusting our beliefs and behaviour. Influential theories in the cognitive sciences suggest that both of these challenges are met through mechanisms that use expectations about the likely state of the world to shape what we perceive. However, current models explaining how expectations render perception either veridical or informative are mutually incompatible. Given the multitude of domains applying these conflicting models, it is essential that we consider whether and how this paradox can be resolved. We contend that ideas from the research on learning and inference may offer a resolution.
When Do Growth Mindset Interventions Work?
Authors: Miller David I.
Published: August 2019

Can teaching students about brain plasticity improve their grades? A recent large, national experiment found that a brief growth mindset intervention improved lower-achieving adolescents’ grades by 0.10 points. Debate about interpreting the study’s findings illustrates the need to consider effect heterogeneity and contextual factors when evaluating effect sizes.
Individual Differences in Students’ Effort Source Beliefs Predict Their Judgments of Ability
Authors: Miele David , Browman Alexander S. , Vasilyeva Marina
Published: August 2019

A recent set of studies (Muenks, Miele, & Wigfield, 2016) introduced the concept of perceived effort source to better explain how students reason about the relation between effort and ability when evaluating the academic abilities of other students. These studies showed that participants who were induced to perceive effort as task-elicited (i.e., as being primarily due to the subjective difficulty of the task) were more likely to view effort and ability as inversely related than participants who were induced to perceive effort as self-initiated (i.e., as being due to students’ motivation to go beyond the basic demands of the task). The current studies expanded on this research by demonstrating that, in the absence of an effort source manipulation, college students spontaneously invoked beliefs about the source of effort when evaluating their own (Study 2) and other students’ (Studies 1–3) abilities. The three studies also showed that our novel measure of individual differences in effort source beliefs was a better predictor of participants’ judgments of math ability (Studies 1 and 2) and verbal ability (Study 3) than a standard measure of their ability mindsets (i.e., beliefs about the extent to which intelligence is malleable). Specifically, participants who naturally tended to perceive effort as task-elicited generally rated students who expended relatively little effort as having more ability than did participants who tended to perceive effort as self-initiated. Implications for research on student motivation and for education practice are discussed.