bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sutured instanton homology and Heegaard diagrams
Authors: Baldwin John A. , Li Zhenkun , Ye Fan
Published: July 2023

Suppose $\mathcal {H}$ is an admissible Heegaard diagram for a balanced sutured manifold $(M,\gamma )$. We prove that the number of generators of the associated sutured Heegaard Floer complex is an upper bound on the dimension of the sutured instanton homology $\mathit {SHI}(M,\gamma )$. It follows, in particular, that strong L-spaces are instanton L-spaces.
The Effect of Treatment of Powder Precursor on the Properties of Compacted Mg-4Y-3Re Alloy
Authors: Dvorský Drahomír , Kubásek Jiří , Nečas David , Čavojský Miroslav , Drahokoupil Jan , Vojtěch Dalibor
Published: July 2023

Powder metallurgy products display superior performance compared to traditionally cast ingots. The final properties of these products can be altered through various methods, such as pre-treatment of the powder. This study focuses on different pre-treatment techniques, including milling, chemical treatment, and heat treatment, as well as their combinations. The results show that distinct microstructures were produced, and their impact on mechanical and corrosion properties was evaluated. The results indicate that milling and chemical treatment increase the yield strength of the material by up to 34 MPa but decrease the elongation by up to 5%. On the other hand, heat treatment increases the elongation by up to 7% but decreases the yield strength by up to 36 MPa. Corrosion resistance is improved especially by chemical and heat treatment of powders, where the corrosion rate was observed to decrease by up to 50% in comparison to the value of product from atomized powder. Additionally, all types of powder pre-treatment were found to improve the corrosion resistance of the final product. This provides an opportunity to tailor the mechanical and corrosion properties of these materials to meet specific applications.
Motivational Profile as a Predictor of Physical Activity Among US Adults During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Daily Diary Study
Authors: Moore Kristen N. , Nuss Kayla , Do Bridgette , Wang Shirlene D. , Li Kaigang , Graham Dan J. , Dunton Genevieve F. , Courtney Jimikaye B.
Published: July 2023

This study used a daily diary approach to examine associations between day-level physical activity (PA) behavior, PA-specific motivational profile, and days since the COVID-19 national emergency declaration during the early months (April–June 2020) of the pandemic. A total of 468 US adults (Mage = 34.8 y, 79% female) participated in a 28-day smartphone-based daily diary study assessing PA. A baseline survey assessed PA and motivation for PA using the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire. Multilevel linear regression models examined the main effects and interactions of motivational profile and time (days since the US March 13, 2020, COVID-19 national emergency declaration) on daily PA minutes. Latent profile analysis identified 4 distinct motivational profiles for PA among this sample: profile 1: high amotivation (n = 100, 21%); profile 2: low controlled motivation (n = 55, 12%); profile 3: high external regulation (n = 47, 10%); and profile 4: moderate autonomous motivation (n = 266, 57%). After controlling for baseline PA, there were significant interactions between profile and time on daily PA (−0.21, P < .01). Profile 2 showed greater decreases in daily PA minutes over time than profile 1 (b = −0.29, P < .01). Profiles 3 and 4 did not indicate significant decreases in PA compared with profile 1 (b = 0.14, P = .31 and b = −0.16, P = .05, respectively). Contrary to previous research, individuals with lower controlled or moderate autonomous motivation demonstrated the largest decreases in PA over time, whereas individuals with higher amotivation or external regulation demonstrated smaller decreases over time. These findings suggest that external motivation may have provided short-term protection against declines in PA observed during early months of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Mavacamten, a precision medicine for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: From a motor protein to patients
Authors: Nag Suman , Gollapudi Sampath K. , del Rio Carlos L. , Spudich James A. , McDowell Robert
Published: July 2023

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary myocardial disorder characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, hyperdynamic contraction, and impaired relaxation of the heart. These functional derangements arise directly from altered sarcomeric function due to either mutations in genes encoding sarcomere proteins, or other defects such as abnormal energetics. Current treatment options do not directly address this causal biology but focus on surgical and extra-sarcomeric (sarcolemmal) pharmacological symptomatic relief. Mavacamten (formerly known as MYK-461), is a small molecule designed to regulate cardiac function at the sarcomere level by selectively but reversibly inhibiting the enzymatic activity of myosin, the fundamental motor of the sarcomere. This review summarizes the mechanism and translational progress of mavacamten from proteins to patients, describing how the mechanism of action and pharmacological characteristics, involving both systolic and diastolic effects, can directly target pathophysiological derangements within the cardiac sarcomere to improve cardiac structure and function in HCM. Mavacamten was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in April 2022 for the treatment of obstructive HCM and now goes by the commercial name of Camzyos. Full information about the risks, limitations, and side effects can be found at
www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2022/214998s000lbl.pdf
.
Predicting evolutionary outcomes through the probability of accessing sequence variants
Authors: Gunnarsson P. Alexander , Babu M. Madan
Published: July 2023

Natural selection can only operate on available genetic variation. Thus, determining the probability of accessing different sequence variants from a starting sequence can help predict evolutionary trajectories and outcomes. We define the concept of “variant accessibility” as the probability that a set of genotypes encoding a particular protein function will arise through mutations before subject to natural selection. This probability is shaped by the mutational biases of nucleotides and the structure of the genetic code. Using the influenza A virus as a model, we discuss how a more accessible but less fit variant can emerge as an adaptation rather than a more fit variant. We describe a genotype-accessibility landscape, complementary to the genotype-fitness landscape, that informs the likelihood of a starting sequence reaching different parts of genotype space. The proposed framework lays the foundation for predicting the emergence of adaptive genotypes in evolving systems such as viruses and tumors.
A drier than expected future, supported by near-surface relative humidity observations
Authors: Douville Hervé , Willett Katharine M.
Published: July 2023

Despite continuous progress in climate modeling, global projections of the terrestrial water cycle remain highly model dependent. Here, we use quality-controlled gridded observations of temperature and humidity to constrain projected changes in continental near-surface relative humidity across the 21st century. Results show that the projections are poorly constrained when using surface temperature observations only and argue for mitigation policies that are not only rooted in global warming levels. Projections constrained with both near-surface temperature and relative humidity observations show an inevitable continental drying, especially in the northern midlatitudes where anthropogenic aerosols have, however, countered this long-term response until the late 1980s. A “strong drying” storyline is then used to highlight the urgent need for careful adaptation strategies and to suggest a possible contribution of land surface processes to model uncertainties.
Cryo-EM structure of the complete inner kinetochore of the budding yeast point centromere
Authors: Dendooven Tom , Zhang Ziguo , Yang Jing , McLaughlin Stephen H. , Schwab Johannes , Scheres Sjors H. W. , Yatskevich Stanislau , Barford David
Published: July 2023

The point centromere of budding yeast specifies assembly of the large kinetochore complex to mediate chromatid segregation. Kinetochores comprise the centromere-associated inner kinetochore (CCAN) complex and the microtubule-binding outer kinetochore KNL1-MIS12-NDC80 (KMN) network. The budding yeast inner kinetochore also contains the DNA binding centromere-binding factor 1 (CBF1) and CBF3 complexes. We determined the cryo–electron microscopy structure of the yeast inner kinetochore assembled onto the centromere-specific centromere protein A nucleosomes (CENP-A
Nuc
). This revealed a central CENP-A
Nuc
with extensively unwrapped DNA ends. These free DNA duplexes bind two CCAN protomers, one of which entraps DNA topologically, positioned on the centromere DNA element I (CDEI) motif by CBF1. The two CCAN protomers are linked through CBF3 forming an arch-like configuration. With a structural mechanism for how CENP-A
Nuc
can also be linked to KMN involving only CENP-QU, we present a model for inner kinetochore assembly onto a point centromere and how it organizes the outer kinetochore for chromosome attachment to the mitotic spindle.
Modulation of type I interferon responses potently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in rhesus macaques
Authors: Viox Elise G. , Hoang Timothy N. , Upadhyay Amit A. , Nchioua Rayhane , Hirschenberger Maximilian , Strongin Zachary , Tharp Gregory K. , Pino Maria , Nguyen Kevin , Harper Justin L. , Gagne Matthew , Marciano Shir , Boddapati Arun K. , Pellegrini Kathryn L. , Pradhan Arpan , Tisoncik-Go Jennifer , Whitmore Leanne S. , Karunakaran Kirti A. , Roy Melissa , Kirejczyk Shannon , Curran Elizabeth H. , Wallace Chelsea , Wood Jennifer S. , Connor-Stroud Fawn , Voigt Emily A. , Monaco Christopher M. , Gordon David E. , Kasturi Sudhir P. , Levit Rebecca D. , Gale Michael , Vanderford Thomas H. , Silvestri Guido , Busman-Sahay Kathleen , Estes Jacob D. , Vaccari Monica , Douek Daniel C. , Sparrer Konstantin M.J. , Johnson R. Paul , Kirchhoff Frank , Schreiber Gideon , Bosinger Steven E. , Paiardini Mirko
Published: July 2023

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are critical mediators of innate control of viral infections but also drive the recruitment of inflammatory cells to sites of infection, a key feature of severe coronavirus disease 2019. Here, IFN-I signaling was modulated in rhesus macaques (RMs) before and during acute SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection using a mutated IFN-α2 (IFN-modulator; IFNmod), which has previously been shown to reduce the binding and signaling of endogenous IFN-I. IFNmod treatment in uninfected RMs was observed to induce a modest up-regulation of only antiviral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs); however, in SARS-CoV-2–infected RMs, IFNmod reduced both antiviral and inflammatory ISGs. IFNmod treatment resulted in a potent reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral loads both in vitro in Calu-3 cells and in vivo in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), upper airways, lung, and hilar lymph nodes of RMs. Furthermore, in SARS-CoV-2–infected RMs, IFNmod treatment potently reduced inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and CD163
+
MRC1
−
inflammatory macrophages in BAL and expression of Siglec-1 on circulating monocytes. In the lung, IFNmod also reduced pathogenesis and attenuated pathways of inflammasome activation and stress response during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using an intervention targeting both IFN-α and IFN-β pathways, this study shows that, whereas early IFN-I restrains SARS-CoV-2 replication, uncontrolled IFN-I signaling critically contributes to SARS-CoV-2 inflammation and pathogenesis in the moderate disease model of RMs.
SARS-CoV-2 infection alters mitochondrial and cytoskeletal function in human respiratory epithelial cells mediated by expression of spike protein
Authors: Yeung-Luk Bonnie H. , Narayanan Gitanjali A. , Ghosh Baishakhi , Wally Ara , Lee Esther , Mokaya Michelle , Wankhade Esha , Zhang Rachel , Lee Brianna , Park Bongsoo , Resnick Jessica , Jedlicka Anne , Dziedzic Amanda , Ramanathan Murugappan , Biswal Shyam , Pekosz Andrew , Sidhaye Venkataramana K.
Published: July 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, SCV2), which has resulted in higher morbidity and mortality rate than other respiratory viral infections, such as Influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of SCV2-host infection vs IAV is vital in exploring antiviral drug targets against SCV2. We assessed differential gene expression in human nasal cells upon SCV2 or IAV infection using RNA sequencing. Compared to IAV, we observed alterations in both metabolic and cytoskeletal pathways suggestive of epithelial remodeling in the SCV2-infected cells, reminiscent of pathways activated as a response to chronic injury. We found that spike protein interaction with the epithelium was sufficient to instigate these epithelial responses using a SCV2 spike pseudovirus. Specifically, we found downregulation of the mitochondrial markers SIRT3 and TOMM22. Moreover, SCV2 spike infection increased extracellular acidification and decreased oxygen consumption rate in the epithelium. In addition, we observed cytoskeletal rearrangements with a reduction in the actin-severing protein cofilin-1 and an increase in polymerized actin, indicating epithelial cytoskeletal rearrangements. This study revealed distinct epithelial responses to SCV2 infection, with early mitochondrial dysfunction in the host cells and evidence of cytoskeletal remodeling that could contribute to the worsened outcome in COVID-19 patients compared to IAV patients. These changes in cell structure and energetics could contribute to cellular resilience early during infection, allowing for prolonged cell survival and potentially paving the way for more chronic symptoms.

IMPORTANCE

COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic affecting millions of people worldwide, resulting in a higher mortality rate and concerns of more persistent symptoms compared to influenza A. To study this, we compare lung epithelial responses to both viruses. Interestingly, we found that in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the cellular energetics changed and there were cell structural rearrangements. These changes in cell structure could lead to prolonged epithelial cell survival, even in the face of not working well, potentially contributing to the development of chronic symptoms. In summary, these findings represent strategies utilized by the cell to survive the infection but result in a fundamental shift in the epithelial phenotype, with potential long-term consequences, which could set the stage for the development of chronic lung disease or long COVID-19.
The “Judith River−Belly River problem” revisited (Montana-Alberta-Saskatchewan): New perspectives on the correlation of Campanian dinosaur-bearing strata based on a revised stratigraphic model updated with CA-ID-TIMS U-Pb geochronology
Authors: Rogers Raymond R. , Eberth David A. , Ramezani Jahandar
Published: July 2023

Terrestrial strata of the Judith River−Belly River wedge, widely exposed in the plains of north-central Montana, southern Alberta, and southwestern Saskatchewan, were pivotal in early stratigraphic investigations of the Western Interior of North America and are renowned to this day for their spectacular preservation of Late Cretaceous fossils, most notably dinosaurs. Correlation of the Judith River Formation in Montana with the Foremost, Oldman, and Dinosaur Park Formations (= Belly River Group) in Canada has been challenging for a variety of reasons, including lithostratigraphic complexities, legacy bentonite ages of limited comparability, and distinctly different stratigraphic models on opposite sides of the international border. An updated model calibrated with U-Pb zircon ages provides an improved framework for stratigraphic analysis. New geochronology indicates that the Oldman−Dinosaur Park discontinuity in Dinosaur Provincial Park correlates in age with the mid-Judith discontinuity in the Judith River Formation in Montana, which is interpreted as an expansion surface linked to a major pulse of accommodation and onset of the Bearpaw transgression at ca. 76.3 Ma. The regionally expressed shift in alluvial facies marking the mid-Judith discontinuity can be traced in well logs from Montana to southern Canada, where it loses distinction and transitions to a subsurface signature typical of the Oldman−Dinosaur Park discontinuity, which in turn can be traced north to Dinosaur Provincial Park and beyond. Across this expanse, both discontinuities parallel the Eagle/Milk River shoulder at approximately the same stratigraphic height, confirming their chronostratigraphic significance. These findings have clear implications for regional correlation and the evolution of alluvial depositional systems in a foreland basin setting, and they afford an opportunity to evaluate existing interpretations and advance understanding of the stratigraphy and paleontology of the Judith River−Belly River wedge. The term “Judith River−Belly River discontinuity” should be used henceforth to refer to the chronostratigraphically significant stratal discontinuity that subdivides the Judith River−Belly River wedge throughout the plains of north-central Montana, southern Alberta, and southwestern Saskatchewan.
Supplemental Material: Impact of slab tearing along the Yadong-Gulu rift on Miocene alkaline volcanism from the Lhasa terrane to the Himalayas, southern Tibet
Authors: Jarquín Esteban , Wang Rui , et al.
Published: July 2023

This supplemental material provides the data of major and trace element compositions of whole-rock and mineral samples used to make the interpretations and figures in this article.
Improving hand therapy delivery during care transitions in multisystem trauma patients
Authors: Milazzo Thomas , Bishop Kelly , Ho George , Tse Estella , Binhammer Paul , Mayo Amanda , Dengler Jana
Published: July 2023

High-quality hand therapy is critical to maximising functional capacity and optimising overall outcomes following hand injuries. Therapy delivery requires clear communication between surgeons and occupational therapists. At Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (SHSC), Canada’s largest tertiary care centre, suboptimal communication is a significant barrier to efficient hand therapy delivery in acute multisystem trauma patients. A baseline audit at SHSC found that 41% of hand therapy orders required clarification and 35% of patients waited over 24 hours before their order was fulfilled. In many cases, communication errors created unacceptably long delays that were suspected by surgeon stakeholders to impede patient outcomes. This highlighted an opportunity for investigation and system improvement.

Using process mapping methodology, we outlined standard process involved in patient care and identified barriers to successful communication. We collaborated with key stakeholders to codesign a standardised template for care orders. We aimed to improve order clarity and consistency with the goal of reducing the incidence of clarification and delays.

Postimplementation, the percentage of hand therapy orders requiring clarification was decreased to 24%. The number of patients waiting over 24 hours for therapy was also reduced; however, further investigation is required to verify this finding. In addition, essential order components were more consistently and comprehensively included. Next steps of this work include expanding the use of the order template outside of the multisystem trauma population and improving the communication of hand therapy at discharge from hospital.
Validity and reliability of the Thai version of the Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale-Gender Spectrum (UGDS-GS) in Thai youths and young adults with gender dysphoria
Authors: Jamneankal Tanawis , Kiatrungrit Komsan , Arunakul Jiraporn , Korpaisarn Sira , Auapisithwong Suthra
Published: July 2023

Background

Many people who are gender variant have undiagnosed gender dysphoria, resulting in delayed receipt of gender-affirming support and prolonged distress in living with their gender-non-conforming sex. The Utrecht Gender Dysphoria Scale-Gender Spectrum (UGDS-GS) is a newly developed tool that measures dissatisfaction with gender identity and expression. However, there is no translated version of this tool in Thai. Moreover, the sensitivity, specificity and cut-off point of the UGDS-GS to detect gender dysphoria in people who are transgender remain unknown.

Aims

This study translated the UGDS-GS into Thai and then examined the validity and reliability of the Thai UGDS-GS.

Methods

185 participants with and without gender dysphoria were selected from the Gender Variation Clinic in Ramathibodi Hospital and from social media platforms. The UGDS-GS was translated into Thai according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on translation. The medical records of patients with gender dysphoria and semi-structured interviews were used to confirm the diagnosis of gender dysphoria. Subsequently, the validity and reliability of the instrument were analysed.

Results

The mean age of participants was 30.43 (7.98) years among the 51 assigned males (27.6%) and 134 assigned females (72.4%) at birth. The Thai UGDS-GS average score was 77.82 (9.71) for those with gender dysphoria (n=95) and 46.03 (10.71) for those without gender dysphoria (n=90). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.962, showing excellent internal consistency. In addition, exploratory factor analysis showed compatibility with the original version’s metrics. The value of the area under the curve was 0.976 (95% confidence interval: 0.954 to 0.998), indicating outstanding concordance. At the cut-off point of ‘60’, sensitivity and specificity were good (96.84% and 91.11%, respectively).

Conclusions

The Thai UGDS-GS is an excellent, psychometrically reliable and valid tool for screening gender dysphoria in clinical and community settings in Thailand. The cut-off point of ‘60’ scores suggests a positive indicator or a high chance of gender dysphoria.
Role of sex and gender in concussion outcome differences among patients presenting to the emergency department: a systematic review
Authors: Corrick Shaina , Lesyk Nicholas , Yang Esther , Campbell Sandra , Villa-Roel Cristina , Rowe Brian H
Published: July 2023

Objective

This systematic review aimed to identify research involving adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a concussion to document the reporting of sex and/or gender according to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) guidelines, the prevalence of sex and gender-based analysis (SGBA) and to summarise sex and/or gender-based differences in ED presentation, management and outcomes.

Design

Systematic review.

Methods

Electronic databases and grey literature were searched to identify studies that recruited adult patients with concussion from the ED. Two independent reviewers identified eligible studies, assessed quality and extracted data. A descriptive summary of the evidence was generated, and sex and/or gender reporting was examined for accuracy according to standardised criteria.

Results

Overall, 126 studies were included in the analyses. A total of 80 (64%) studies reported sex and/or gender as demographic information, of which 51 (64%) included sex and/or gender in their analysis; however, 2 (3%) studies focused on an SGBA. Sex was more accurately reported in alignment with CIHR definitions than gender (94% vs 12%; p<0.0001). In total, 25 studies used an SGBA for outcomes of interest. Males and females experience different causes of concussion, 60% of studies documented that females had less frequent CT scanning while in the ED, and 57% of studies reported that postconcussion syndrome was more prevalent in females and women.

Conclusion

This systematic review highlighted that sex is reported more accurately than gender, approximately half of studies did not report either sex and/or gender as demographic information, and one-third of studies did not include SGBA. There were important sex and gender differences in the cause, ED presentation, management and outcomes of concussions.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021258613.
Molecular and haematological characterisation of haemolytic anaemia associated with biallelic KLF1 mutations: a case series
Authors: Singha Kritsada , Teawtrakul Nattiya , Fucharoen Goonnapa , Fucharoen Supan
Published: July 2023

Aims

Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1) is an erythroid-specific transcription factor playing an important role in erythropoiesis and haemoglobin (Hb) switching. Biallelic KLF1 mutations can cause haemolytic anaemia with thalassaemia-like syndromes but are rarely reported. We explore the KLF1 mutations in Thai subjects with unexplainable haemolytic anaemia.

Methods

The study was done on 57 subjects presented with haemolytic anaemia and elevated Hb F without β-thalassaemia diseases. Hb analysis was performed using capillary electrophoresis. Analyses of α-thalassaemia, β-thalassaemia and KLF1 genes were performed using PCR-based methods and DNA sequencing.

Results

Thirteen subjects with compound heterozygous for a known and five new genetic KLF1 interactions were identified, including KLF1:c.519_525dupCGGCGCC/c.892G>C with class 3/2 (n=8), and each subject with new genetic interaction, including KLF1:c.-154C>T;643C>T/c.983G>A with class 3/2, KLF1:c.-154C>T;643C>T/c.809C>G with class 3/2, KLF1:c892G>C/c.983G>A with class 2/2, KLF1:c.892G>C/c.1001C>G with class 2/2 and KLF1:c.1001C>G/c.1003G>A with class 2/2. Most of them had anaemia with Hb levels ranging from 45 to 110 g/L, hypochromic microcytosis, aniso-poikilocytosis, increased Hb F levels (17.9%–47.4%), small amounts of Hb Bart’s, regular blood transfusion, hyperbilirubinaemia, increased serum ferritin and nucleated red blood cell.

Conclusions

Biallelic KLF1 mutations associated with anaemia may not be uncommon in Thailand. Characteristics of haemolytic anaemia, abnormal red cell morphology with nucleated red blood cells and elevated Hb F, and presenting small amounts of Hb Bart’s without thalassaemia diseases are useful markers to further investigation of the KLF1 gene.
Validation of three prediction models for thrombosis recurrence in antiphospholipid syndrome patients based on a prospective cohort
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Huang Can , Qi Wanting , Zhou Yangzhong , Zhao Jiuliang , Wang Qian , Tian Xinping , Li Mengtao , Zhao Yan , Zeng Xiaofeng
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To validate the performance of the adjusted global antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) score (aGAPSS), Padua score and Caprini score to predict thrombosis recurrence in APS.

Methods

Consecutive thrombotic-APS patients were included. aGAPSS, Padua and Caprini score at baseline were collected. Harrell c-index and calibration curve were used to validate the prediction models.

Results

362 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 36.30±13.88 years old, and 209 (57.7%) were female. Patients were followed up for a median of 2.32 years, with 32 (8.84%) venous and 21 (5.80%) arterial thrombosis. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year thrombosis risks were 5.0%, 14.3% and 17.9%, respectively. The Harrell c-indexes of aGAPSS, Padua and Caprini score were 0.54 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.64), 0.54 (95% CI 0.46 to 0.62), and 0.50 (95%CI 0.42 to 0.58), respectively. Padua score had the best discrimination to predict venous thrombosis (Harrell c-index=0.61, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.69). aGAPSS had the best discrimination to predict arterial thrombosis (Harrell c-index=0.61, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.75). The calibrations for predicting thrombosis within 1, 3 and 5 years of the three models were suboptimal.

Conclusion

The performance of aGAPSS, Padua and Caprini score to predict thrombosis recurrence in APS were suboptimal. Arterial and venous thrombosis recurrence predictors were different. New prediction models are required for venous and arterial thrombosis separately.
Effect of mixtures of legume species on ruminal fermentation, methane, and microbial nitrogen production in batch and continuous culture (RUSITEC) systems
Authors: Kelln B.M. , Penner G.B. , Acharya S.N. , McAllister T.A. , McKinnon J.J. , Saleem A.M. , Biligetu B. , Lardner H.A.
Published: July 2023

The effect of cicer milkvetch ( Astragalus cicer L.) and sainfoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) on ruminal fermentation, methane production, and microbial nitrogen synthesis was assessed in two experiments. Experiment 1 analyzed two legumes, cicer milkvetch and sainfoin at two stages (vegetative and late flower) incubated with alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) at five inclusion rates 0:100; 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 (as DM) in batch culture. Experiment 2 analyzed vegetative cicer milkvetch and alfalfa incubated in ratios of 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0 (as DM) in continuous culture systems (RUSITEC). In batch culture, increased dry matter disappearance (DMD), and propionate percentage (%total), and reduced methane (mg·g−1 DMD) occurred with vegetative cicer milkvetch inclusion. In RUSITEC, DMD linearly increased ( P < 0.01), acetate:propionate ratio quadratically decreased, while ammonia (NH3-N) concentration ( P < 0.01) and butyrate percentage (%total) linearly decreased ( P < 0.05) with increasing inclusion of cicer milkvetch. No differences were observed for methane (CH4) production (mg·g−1 DMD), or short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production (mmol·day−1). Microbial nitrogen synthesis and efficiency of protein synthesis linearly increased ( P < 0.05) with increased inclusion of cicer milkvetch. Results suggest cicer milkvetch may result in synchronicity of energy and nitrogen during rumen fermentation, which could enhance cattle production.
MHD peristaltic flow of chemically reactive casson nanofluid in a nonuniform porous inclined flexible channel with cross-diffusion effects
Authors: Ajithkumar M. , Lakshminarayana P.
Published: July 2023

This model is designed to provide clarity on how blood travels through tiny veins in physiological systems with heat and mass transfer characteristics. Further, the purpose of this paper is to examine the Ohmic heating and heat source/sink effects on peristaltic transport of radiative Casson nanofluid in a nonuniform porous inclined channel in the presence of a normal/inclined magnetic field. We also considered the sway of chemical reaction, Soret and Dufour effects. The momentum, temperature and mass equations for Casson fluid model are obtained with the utilization of the lubrication approach. The exact solutions have been acquired for stream function and axial velocity. Further, the temperature and concentration equations are solved numerically by using the R–K based shooting method. We also tabulated the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for various relevant parameters. Finally, the impacts of all major factors on the physical properties of the flow for both normal and inclined magnetic fields are explored and discussed in depth using graphs. The Casson fluid velocity is more for an inclined magnetic field than a normal magnetic field. The nonuniform parameter of the channel boosts the trapped fluid bolus size. The heat source/sink parameter improves the temperature field but the opposite trend is observed in the field of concentration. Moreover, the findings are validated with the existing works for some special circumstances.
Influence of solar radiation and an electric force on nanofluid convection inside a porous sector cavity
Authors: Ajour Mohammed N. , Rawa Muhyaddin J. H. , Milyani Ahmad H. , Li Meicheng
Published: July 2023

Using novel numerical techniques, this paper estimates the effect of EHD force on ferrofluid treatment. Iron oxide additives of various nanoscale forms and dimensions are added to the operating fluid. Because the percentage of nanoparticles exceeds 0.06 and the slip velocity is disregarded, the features of the carrier fluid were modified using an empirical model. The left and bottom surfaces of the moving walls had the highest temperatures and voltages. A non-Darcy presumption was that the region was permeable. A combined FVM and FEM method was utilized to solve this issue. Due to the application of an electric force, the nanofluid is able to move more quickly, and two primary vortices combine to form a single, stronger vortex. As voltage increases, Nu increases by approximately 125.52%. Utilizing greater permeable medium results in a stronger wall collision and a 113.29% increase in Nu. Nu increases by approximately 3.69% when a nanoparticle with a greater shape factor than the sphere is utilized.
Statistical and computational analysis on bioconvective MHD Oldroyd-B fluid over a flat surface
Authors: Azhar Ehtsham , Faiza Raies Syeda , Jamal Muhammad , Khan Mursala
Published: July 2023

This study aims to discover the application of bioconvection and heat absorption or omission aspect of 2D incompressible MHD Oldroyd-B nanofluid over the stagnation region. Directed by suitable similarity transformations, the system of PDEs is transformed into a system of coupled nonlinear ODEs. The results were made by using Runge–Kutta shooting technique. The Buongiorno model is capitalized while Oldroyd-B model is employed for portraying the viscoelastic behavior of the flow. In order to visualize the impact of relevant parameters on momentum boundary layer, temperature, concentration and microorganism profiles are computed graphically. Numerical outcomes for the local Nusselt number, Sherwood number, microorganism number and local skin friction number are calculated for different parametric situations to provide interesting features of the examination. Furthermore, it has been also observed from statistical point that the correlation coefficient of the local Nusselt number, Sherwood number, microorganism number and local skin friction number with various parametric situations are highly significant at the [Formula: see text] level of significance ([Formula: see text] for a two-tailed test).
Analytical study of viscoelastic fluid during forward roll coating process under lubrication approximation theory
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Hou Yanren , Zahid Muhammad , Ali Fateh , Rana Muhammad Afzal
Published: July 2023

Roll coating is a popular method for applying a thin coating film to a continuous substrate, such as paper or foil. This study aims to investigate analytically the fluid flow through counter rotating rolls using a non-Newtonian model. The governing equation for the constitutive of the Oldroyd-B as a non-Newtonian fluid with momentum equation has been discovered. The nondimensionalizing of the fluid flow equations is done by using suitable dimensionless parameters. The equations are then simplified by using Lubrication Approximation Theory (LAT) to obtain the solution for various quantities. Analytical solutions for the velocity distribution, pressure and pressure gradients have been obtained by regular perturbation method. Numerical integration has been used to calculate separation point, coating thickness, separation force and power input of the fluid. The effect of involved parameter such as Weissenberg number We and viscosity on velocities, pressure gradient and pressure is presented in a variety of graphs and several other results are shown in tables. It has been observed that as the modified capillary number [Formula: see text] increases, the separation point moves toward the nip region, whereas the coating thickness declines. It has been witnessed that the We serves as the controlling parameter for flow rate, pressure distribution and power input, whereas for the coating thickness, the separation force increases, which are important for coating industries.
Thermodynamics, structural and transport properties of liquid para-Hydrogen: The Feynman–Hibbs molecular dynamics approach
Authors: Elafifi Oussama , Tchouar Noureddine , Ouadah Karim , Ait Tayeb Mohammed Arab
Published: July 2023

In this study, we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to predict the thermodynamics, structural, and transport characteristics of liquid para-hydrogen (para-H[Formula: see text] over a wide temperature range. The Feynman–Hibbs (FH) technique employs Lennard-Jones pair potentials (LJ) which are enhanced by quantum modifications to describe molecular interactions. Results retain the FH’s structural, thermodynamics and transport properties, and the classical LJ models (the radial distribution function, total energy, pressure, potential energy, enthalpy, diffusion coefficient, and shear viscosity). The datasets included in the paper were also considered, along with the experimental data collected, where possible. This work shows that for liquid para-H2, FH approach integrated to classical MD simulation, including quantum corrections yields an excellent accordance with the experimental findings. The FH potential improves concordance with the shear viscosity and diffusion coefficient values, as demonstrated by the results. With greater accuracy to experimental data, the FH Molecular Dynamics approach (FHMD) predicts such values.
Super-Resolution Reconstruction Based on Adaptive Weight Adjustment
Authors: Zhao Xiaoqiang , Cheng Wei
Published: July 2023

In image super-resolution, the existing convolution neural network methods increase the number of network layers and filters to achieve better performance, and seldom consider the influence of different branches in feature extraction on the reconstruction effect, which leads to the problems of blurred details and unclear visual perception. Therefore, we propose an adaptive weight adjustment super-resolution (AWSR) reconstruction model in this paper. The model includes Shallow Feature Extraction (SFE), Information Extraction Enhancement Block (IDEB) and Reconstruction Block (RB). IDEB composed of Adaptive Weight Blocks (AWB) and Channel Linking Layers (CLL) learns a deeper mapping relationship between LR image and HR image by adaptively adjusting the proportions of different branches. It not only saves computational cost, but also improves the expression ability of the model. Meanwhile, the performance of the model is further improved by dimension change in the up-sample block. Especially, the image edge and texture reconstruction effects are obviously improved. Compared with SRNHARB algorithm proposed in 2021, the PSNR values are increased by 0.23[Formula: see text]dB, 0.19[Formula: see text]dB and 0.02[Formula: see text]dB at [Formula: see text] on the Set5 dataset. Moreover, the proposed model has a strong generalization ability, and the reconstructed SR images can achieve satisfactory results.
Retracted article: Depth Edge and Structure Optimization-Based End-to-End Self-Supervised Stereo Matching
Authors: Yang Wenbang , Cheng Xianjing , Zhao Yong , Qian Ren , Li Jianhua
Published: July 2023

The authors hereby formally submit a request to retract the manuscript titled "Depth Edge and Structure Optimization-Based End-to-End Self-Supervised Stereo Matching", which was submitted to IJPRAI on May 19, 2023, by Wenbang Yang and co-authors. The reasons for this retraction are as follows:

1. Errors or deficiencies were discovered in the data during the research process, which affect the scientific rigor and accuracy of the paper.

2. Unresolved academic ethical issues have been identified and require further verification and revision.

3. Upon verification, certain parts of the manuscript were found to overlap with previously published works, necessitating a thorough review and revision.
On the swap move of letters in words and the forbidden moves in virtual diagrams
Authors: Fukunaga Tomonori
Published: July 2023

In the theory of topology of words, the move to swap two adjacent letters in words is a simple operator that makes an [Formula: see text]-homotopy class of a nanoword into the [Formula: see text]-homotopy class of the empty word. In this paper, we study the relation between the swap move of letters and the forbidden moves of virtual diagrams, that is, local moves of virtual diagrams which unknot any virtual knot.
The H(n)-move is an unknotting operation for virtual and welded links
Authors: Ali Danish , Yang Zhiqing , Hussain Abid , Sheikh Mohd Ibrahim
Published: July 2023

An unknotting operation is a local move such that any knot diagram can be transformed into a diagram of the trivial knot by a finite sequence of these operations plus some Reidemeister moves. It is known that for all [Formula: see text] the [Formula: see text]-move is an unknotting operation for classical knots and links. In this paper, we extend the classical unknotting operation [Formula: see text]-move to virtual knots and links. Virtualization and forbidden move are well-known unknotting operations for virtual knots and links. We also show that virtualization and forbidden move can be realized by a finite sequence of generalized Reidemeister moves and [Formula: see text]-moves.
Combination of SU(1,1)-transitional Hamiltonian and O(6) Casimir operator for description of intruder states in 112Cd nucleus
Authors: Rastgar M. , Sabri H. , Ezzati A. O.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we used a method based on mixing formalism to improve theoretical predictions for energy spectra and quadrupole transition rates of [Formula: see text]Cd nucleus. To this aim, the transitional Hamiltonian in the affine SU(1,1) algebra has been extended by adding the O(6) Casimir operator and mixing Hamiltonian to improve the description of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] intruder levels of this nucleus. We also considered the wave functions of both regular and intruder states as a combination in the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]+2 bosons spaces. The results confirm the advantages of using such mixing approaches and describe the energy and transition rates with high accuracy.
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF LASER CLADDED TiNiCoCrVSi HIGH ENTROPY ALLOY COATING
Authors: ZHANG HONGXIA , DAI JINGJIE , SUN CAIXIA , LI SHOUYING
Published: July 2023

A TiNiCoCrVSi high entropy alloy (HEA) coating was prepared on Ti–6Al–4V alloy by laser cladding. Then, the microstructure, phase composition, hardness, wear resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance of the prepared coatings were investigated. The wear behavior of the TiNiCoCrVSi coating against a Si3N4 ball was evaluated under dry sliding conditions. The high-temperature oxidation resistance was tested at 800∘C. The results show that the phase structure of the TiNiCoCrVSi coating was mainly composed of a body-centered cubic (BCC) (Ni,Co)Ti2 and (Ti,V)5Si3. The TiNiCoCrVSi coating has a high hardness, and the highest surface hardness was 1357 HV. The wear volume of the coating was 1/7 of that of Ti–6Al–4V. The wear mechanism was abrasive wear and oxidative wear. The TiNiCoCrVSi coating exhibited good high-temperature oxidation resistance at 800∘C. A dense oxide film (TiO2, Cr2O3 and NiCr2O4) was formed on the surface of the coating. The dense oxide film prevented oxidation. The high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating was 1/12 of that of the substrate.
Comparative study on the second-harmonic generation of thermally poled fused silica by multi-energy boron and argon ion implantations
Authors: Chen Huai-Yi , Lin Yang-Sheng
Published: July 2023

The second-order optical nonlinearity (SON) of thermally poled fused silica was shown for the first time to be significantly improved by the implantation of multi-energy boron (B) ions, and the outcomes were compared with those obtained from the implantation of multi-energy argon (Ar) ions. Second-harmonic (SH) signals in both samples grew roughly linearly as the poling temperature rose. Samples with Ar implants showed a greater increase in SH signal with rising poling temperature. A qualitative explanation for the formation of [Formula: see text] in poled samples can be found in a model of charge hopping and migration through defects. The diminished SH signal in the B-implanted sample is probably caused by the negative charge trapping layer, as well as by B[Formula: see text] and E[Formula: see text] center defects.
Refinements of asymptotics at zero of Brownian self-intersection local times
Authors: Dorogovtsev A. A. , Salhi Naoufel
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we establish some estimates related to the Gaussian densities and to Hermite polynomials in order to obtain an almost sure estimate for each term of the Itô-Wiener expansion of the self-intersection local times of the Brownian motion. In dimension [Formula: see text] the self-intersection local times of the Brownian motion can be considered as a family of measures on the classical Wiener space. We provide some asymptotics relative to these measures. Finally, we try to estimate the quadratic Wasserstein distance between these measures and the Wiener measure.
Dual Optical Sensing of Al3+ and Hg2+ Using Carbon Dots Synthesized from Biomass
Authors: Dinake Pogisego , Tlhako Mogomotsi , Present Bokang , Madise Monkagedi
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to use a simple, low-cost and eco-friendly microwave-assisted method for the synthesis of carbon dots-based fluorescent sensor that can detect more one target analyte in aqueous media. Herein, we report the synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from peels of an indigenous and abundant wild fruit called wild medlar (Vangueria infausta). Functional groups such as hydroxyl (–OH) and carbonyl (C=O) were revealed on the surface of the as-prepared carbon dots using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The as-prepared CDs exhibited an amorphous structure and a broad distribution of particle size with an average size of 10 nm. In addition, the as-prepared CDs demonstrated excellent hydrophilicity and intense blue photoluminescence under UV light at 365 nm. The water-soluble CDs were employed for the detection of Al[Formula: see text] using a ‘turn on’ mechanism and Hg[Formula: see text] using a ‘turn off’ mechanism. Addition of increasing concentration of Al[Formula: see text] resulted in an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the as-prepared CDs while addition of increasing concentration of Hg[Formula: see text] resulted in quenching of the fluorescence intensity of CDs. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) for Al[Formula: see text] and Hg[Formula: see text] ions in aqueous media was determined at 817 nM and 612 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the as-prepared CDs have excellent selectivity towards Al[Formula: see text] and Hg[Formula: see text] among other potential metal ion interferences. Practical application of the as-prepared CDs towards detection of Al[Formula: see text] and Hg[Formula: see text] in tap water revealed good recovery rates of 86.0% to 87.4% and 96.4% to 106.5%, respectively. Therefore, this work has demonstrated a potent strategy for potential application of this nanoprobe towards dual detection of Al[Formula: see text] and Hg[Formula: see text] in aqueous samples.
A classification method of fuzzy semi-supervised support vector machines for the problems of imbalance
Authors: Quan Jing , Zhao Shengli , Su Liyun , Lv Lindai
Published: July 2023

Positive instances are often significantly less than negative instances in real-world classification problems. However, positive categories are typically more relevant to the primary focus of categorization tasks. Moreover, obtaining labeled data is often expensive, and the majority of real-life data is unlabeled. Therefore, semi-supervised learning has become a popular approach for addressing imbalanced problems. Traditional support vector machines (SVMs) treat all samples equally and are not suitable for semi-supervised learning. To address this issue, a semi-supervised model called the fuzzy semi-supervised SVM (FS3VM) has been proposed. The FS3VM model uses the degree of entropy-based fuzzy membership to ensure the materiality of positive classes by assigning positive instances to relatively large degrees of fuzzy membership. After introducing the mainstream FS3VM model, the fundamental theory and methods of the model are discussed and expanded upon, including the FS3VM algorithm, which applies the Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO) algorithm to the dual problem. The proposed FS3VM model is a smooth and continuous optimization problem, and its dual is a standard quadratic programming. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed FS3VM model outperforms other compared learning algorithms.