bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in the composition of the microbial community in the rhizosphere of potato plants depending on cropping season, cultivar type, and plant development stage
Authors: AYDİ BEN ABDALLAH Rania , JABNOUN-KHİAREDDİNE Hayfa , DAAMİ-REMADİ Mejda
Published: September 2020

Changes in the structure of the rhizosphere microbiome are influenced by many factors. In the current investigation, the microbial community composition in the rhizosphere of four potato cultivars was monitored using the soil dilution plating technique on specific media. Tested cultivars were grown for two consecutive cropping seasons. Initial soil samples were collected before planting to assess the initial microbial soil species pool. During the growing period, rhizosphere samples were collected at three timing points. For both cropping seasons, the pH and EC of the rhizosphere varied upon sampling periods but not between cultivars. Bacterial and fungal populations at both cropping seasons and that of actinomycetes at the late-season crop were significantly increased by 35-55%, 14-18% and 17-42%, respectively, in the rhizosphere of all grown potato cultivars as compared to the initial soil stage. The relative abundance of Pseudomonas spp., actinomycetes, Aspergillus spp., and Fusarium spp. populations for all potato cultivars combined were 17.4, 26-64, 51-59 and 10-14% higher at the late-season than at the extra-early cropping season, respectively. For both cropping seasons and all sampled soils combined, the highest abundancies of fungal and actinomycetes communities were recorded at plant senescence and 15 days post-harvest. The total culturable bacteria were more relevant at plant emergence and 15 days post-harvest for the late-season crop and at plant senescence for the extra-early crop. The total culturable bacteria were more abundant in the rhizosphere of cvs. Spunta, Elata and El-Mundo at the late-season crop and that of cvs. Spunta and El-Mundo for the extra-early trial. The highest Pseudomonas spp. populations were associated to cvs. Cerata, Elata, and El-Mundo for the late-season crop and to Spunta, Elata and El-Mundo for the extra-early crop. The highest fungi counts were noted in the rhizosphere of cv. El-Mundo at the late-season crop and in Spunta for the extra-early trial.
Nation Media Group and ‘The Truth’: How the firm’s slogan shapes its newspapers’ financial news gathering
Authors: Kapchanga Mark
Published: September 2020

The study used qualitative research design where semi-structured interviews were conducted through face-to-face, telephone and Skype. Informed consent was obtained from the respondents after having received and understood all the study-related information. The data was gathered for three months and covered Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The research used referral sampling, involving 120 reporters and editors who handle financial news.
What is a Bayes Factor?
Authors: Schmalz Xenia , Manresa José Biurrun , Zhang Lei
Published: September 2020

The use of Bayes Factors is becoming increasingly common in psychological sciences. Thus, it is important that researchers understand the logic behind the Bayes Factor in order to correctly interpret it, and the strengths of weaknesses of the Bayesian approach. As education for psychological scientists focuses on Frequentist statistics, resources are needed for researchers and students who want to learn more about this alternative approach. The aim of the current article is to provide such an overview to a psychological researcher. We cover the general logic behind Bayesian statistics, explain how the Bayes Factor is calculated, how to set the priors in popular software packages, to reflect the prior beliefs of the researcher, and finally provide a set of recommendations and caveats for interpreting Bayes Factors.
Reasonable criteria for functionalists; scarce criteria from phenomenological perspective
Authors: Haun Andrew , Tsuchiya Naotsugu
Published: September 2020

In their article (Doerig et al., 2020), Doerig et al suggest a set of criteria for evaluating theories of consciousness. Naturally, their criteria are situated in their own particular perspective on consciousness science (Doerig et al., 2019), which we have critiqued in the past (Tsuchiya et al., 2020). Their first criterion is likely to be the one that is most productive and least contentious: if the field can agree to a family of paradigm cases for consciousness, this would be an important endeavor for the field.
Semantic information modulates online morphological learning: neuromagnetic investigation
Authors: Balla Viktória Roxána , Shtyrov Yury , Kimppa Lilli , Leminen Miika , Leminen Alina
Published: September 2020

Morphemes are defined as the smallest meaningful units of a language. They can, among other things, be used to form new words (i.e., derivation, e.g., -ness in darkness) or convey grammatical information (i.e., inflection, e.g., plural -s in houses). Learning the meaning of morphemes and recognizing morphemic boundaries is thus an essential part of language learning, however, neural mechanisms underlying the acquisition of morphemes remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the online build-up of memory traces for novel bound morphemes (suffixes) in the left perisylvian language network. Half of the novel suffixes were trained semantically through a picture-word association task and half were untrained, i.e., not provided with a semantic referent. Following the semantic training with twenty repetitions per suffix, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record cortical responses to the novel semantically trained, novel untrained, and real suffixes combined with real and pseudoword stems in a 20-minute-long repetitive exposure task. The participants were exposed to spoken stimuli passively, i.e., without any stimulus-related task, while their attention was diverted away from the auditory input. To assess the online learning, we compared the brain’s neuromagnetic responses to the different suffixes in the beginning and the end of this passive exposure. Our results showed that semantically trained suffixes demonstrated a consistent activation pattern throughout the learning task, suggesting that repetitive exposure did not further facilitate learning after the formation of initial episodic memories during the semantic training. By contrast, neural source activation to untrained suffixes combined with real stems increased over the course of the passive exposure, reflecting a build-up of suffix-related memory traces. Online learning related changes were present in all regions of interest in the left hemisphere (inferior frontal gyrus, anterior temporal lobe, posterior superior temporal gyrus, posterior middle temporal gyrus. The distinction in the neural source activity patterns between the trained and untrained novel suffix types indicates that semantic information can give a head start to the suffix learning process. Furthermore, in the context of a real word stem, neural source activation elicited by both novel suffix types in the late phase of the passive exposure reached the early phase activation elicited by real suffixes. Our results suggest immediate learning effects to novel suffixes gained through a brief semantic learning as well as more incremental suffix learning effects obtained through purely perceptual exposure.
Examining Risk and Protective Factors for Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Racine Sarah Elizabeth , Miller Alexia E. , Mehak Adrienne , Trolio Vittoria
Published: September 2020

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the lives of people globally, and the significant mental health consequences of this pandemic are beginning to be documented. In addition to sociodemographic and COVID-19 specific factors, psychological risk and protective mechanisms likely influence individual differences in mental health symptoms in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined associations between a broad set of risk and protective factors with symptoms of depression, anxiety, alcohol problems, and eating pathology, and investigated interactions between objective stress due to COVID-19 and risk/protective variables in predicting psychopathology. Methods: Participants were 877 adults (73.7% female) recruited via internet sources from around the globe, but primarily residing in North America (87.4%). Results: Structural equation modelling revealed that certain risk and protective factors (e.g., loneliness, latent protective factor, mindfulness) were broadly related to psychopathology, whereas others showed unique relations with specific forms of psychopathology (e.g., greater repetitive thinking and anxiety; low meaning and purpose and depression). COVID-19 objective stress interacted with risk factors, but not protective factors, to predict greater anxiety symptoms, but not other forms of psychopathology. Limitations: This is a cross-sectional study of non-randomly recruited participants who reported high levels of income and education. Rates of problematic alcohol use were low. Conclusions: Findings contribute to our understanding of psychological mechanisms underlying individual differences in psychopathology in the context of a global stressor. Strategies that reduce loneliness and increase mindfulness will likely impact the greatest number of mental health symptoms.
Multiple imputation of partially observed covariates in discrete-time survival analysis
Authors: Haensch Anna-Carolina , Weiß Bernd
Published: September 2020

Many phenomena in the social or the medical sciences can be described as events, meaning that a qualitative change occurs at some particular point in time. Typical research questions focus on whether, when, and under which circumstances events occur. In the social sciences, discrete-time-to-event models are popular (Discrete-Time Survival Analysis Model, DTSAM). Data analyzed through DTSAMs is in the so-called person-period format. The model is a logistic regression model with the event indicator as the dependent variable. However, like many other statistical applications, the practical analysis of discrete-time survival data is challenged by missing data in one or more covariates. Negative consequences of such missing data range from efficiency losses to bias. A popular approach to circumvent these unwanted effects of missing data is multiple imputation (MI). With multiple imputation, it is crucial to include outcome information in the model for imputing partially observed covariates. Unfortunately, this is not straightforward in case of DTSAM, since we (a) usually have a partly observed (left- or right-censored) outcome, (b) do not have only one outcome variable, but two: the event indicator and the time-to-event and (c) have to decide whether to impute while the data set is still in person format or after transformation in person-period format, especially if we look at time-invariant information. Since there is little guidance on how to incorporate the observed outcome information in the imputation model of missing covariates in discrete-time survival analysis, we explore different approaches using fully conditional specification (FCS) (van Buuren 2006) and the newer substantial model compatible (SMC-) FCS MI (Bartlett et al., 2014). These approaches vary in their complexity with which we incorporate the outcome into the imputation model, the FCS algorithm used, and the data format used during the imputation. We compare the methods using Monte Carlo simulations and provide a practical example using data from the German Family Panel pairfam.We confirm the results by White and Royston (2009) and Beesley et al. (2016) that imputing conditional on the (partly imputed) uncensored time-to-event yields high bias. A compatible imputation model for SMC-FCS MI with data in person-period format proves to be the key to imputations with good performance results under different simulation conditions.
Occupational Satisfaction of E-Rickshaw Drivers with Reference to Itahari-Nepal
Authors: Rai Arjun
Published: September 2020

Seeing many electric rickshaws plying on plain rural and urban areas has become a common sight these days. Empirically, it can also be seen that many overseas returnees are taking up the occupation as an e-rickshaw driver as a means of financing their family needs. In the backdrop of this context, this research paper attempts to explore the challenge & opportunities associated with their occupation, their intention to switch from their current occupation, satisfaction of e-rickshaw drivers of Itahari, Nepal. This study used a structured questionnaire to collect primary data from 95 electric rickshaw drivers of Itahari. For data analysis, the researcher used Statistical Package for Social Science- 20. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used in the study. The findings of the study shows that, on average the e-rickshaw drivers are satisfied with their current occupation, majority of them do not have intention to switch occupation. The commonest problems faced by them are “the condition of the road” and “traffic problem”.
Feminist Voice in Rajan Mukarung's Hātā Jāne Aghillo Rāta
Authors: Mishra Indira Acharya
Published: September 2020

Some of the poems in Rajan Mukarung's latest anthology Hātā Jāne Aghillo Rāta [The Night before the Market Day] (2019) are written from the feminist perspective. However, the feminist voice raised in these poems is different from the feminist voice of the main stream Nepali feminist literature which raises the issues of urban, middle class, educated upper caste women from the hills (bourgeoisies women), who aspire liberation from the restrictive traditional gender roles. Unlike the main stream Nepali feminist literature, in these poems, he dramatizes the issues of women from the margin. These are poor and illiterate women from Dalit and ethnic communities who bear the brunt of not only gender discrimination, but also suffer from class and caste discriminations. The article aims to analyze three of the poems from the anthology from the Multicultural feminist perspectives. The finding of the article suggests that these poems raise the voice of marginalized women and demand justice to lower caste and ethnic women whose mores are different from the bourgeoisies' women.
Expression of Cultural Resistance in Rajan Mukarung’s Poetry
Authors: Timalsina Ramji
Published: September 2020

What is the value of using ethnic culture in literature written in the mainstream language? For whose benefit is it done so? Rajan Mukarung’s latest collection of poems entitled Haataa Jaane Aghillo Raat [The Night Before the Market Day] (2076BS/ AD2019) has shown that it is a strategy of cultural resistance of the marginalized culture against the dominant one. This article is an attempt to show how the marginalized group in a nation can resist the mainstream politics and culture with the use of ethnic culture and deconstruction of the mainstream one in their literary creations. The themes and styles in poetry can show both the representation of the life guided by the subculture and resist the dominance of the next. For this, the theory of cultural resistance developed and used by Michel Foucault, Stuart Hall and Chris Barker has been used. The analysis is based on the interpretation of Mukarung’s poems.
औपन्यासिक पात्रविधानको सैद्धान्तिक परिचय : एक अध्ययन Aaupanyasik Patrabidhanko Saiddhantik Parichaya: Ek Adhyayan
Authors: सापकोटा Sapkota अर्चना Archana
Published: September 2020

प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा उपन्यासको कथावस्तुलाई डोयाउने चरित्रका विभिन्न आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । चरित्रले कुनै पनि साहित्यिक सिर्जनालाई जीवन्त बनाउनमा महइभ्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेलेको हुन्छ । त्यसमा पनि उपन्यास आख्यान विधाको विशिष्ट उपलब्धि मानिन्छ । विना पात्र उपन्यासको गतिशीलतालाई अगाडि बढाउन सकिँदैन । उपन्यासमा जुन तइभ्वको माध्यमबाट घटनाहरू घट्छन् र विकसित हुन्छन् त्यस तइभ्वलाई पात्र भनिएको हो । कुनै एउटा लेखकीय विचारको प्रधानता भएको आख्यानमा नायकहरू पात्र वा चरित्रका रूपमा देखा पर्दछन् । उपन्यासमा पात्र त्यो तइभ्व हो, जसद्वारा कार्यव्यापार अघि बढ्छ र कथानकले गति पाउँछ । कथामा जबसम्म पात्रको स्थिति रहन्छ तबसम्म उपन्यास कुरुक्षेत्रको मैदान बन्दछ । विभिन्न विरोधी शक्तिहरू आएर मल्ल युद्ध लड्छन्, कहिले हातले, कहिले खुट्टाले, कोही टाउकाले, कोही मुखले, कोही मौनताले विभिन्न अस्त्रले युद्ध लडिरहन्छन् । मानवको सभ्यता र समाजलाई बुझ्ने प्रमुख आधार पनि चरित्र नै हो । मानवका शाश्वतसत्यलाई उद्घाटन गर्ने पक्षहरू पनि मान्छेकै चरित्रमा उद्घाटित भएका हुन्छन् । उपन्यासमा पात्रहरूका माध्यमबाट अन्योक्तिमूलक वा प्रतीकात्मक अर्थ सापेक्षद्वारा मानवीय सत्यलाई चिनाउन मानवेतर प्राणी तथा प्राणीइतर जड पात्रको प्रयोग गरिन्छ तर उपन्यासमा पात्र भन्नासाथ पाठकसामु मानवकै बिम्ब तयार हुन्छ । हाल आएर पात्रका रूपमा मानव पात्र नभई मानवेतर पात्रलाई पनि मानिसकै बोली, भावना, विचार तथा मानसिकतामा राखेर हेर्ने बौद्धिक प्रयास भइरहेको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा पात्र÷चरित्रका विविध अवस्थाको शास्त्रीय अध्ययन गरिएको छ ।
Kajian Kelayakan Pembentukan Sentra Peternakan Sapi di Sumatera Utara (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Batubara)
Authors: Vanhuri Eddi , Hasnudi Hasnudi , Lubis Yusniar
Published: September 2020

The aims of study to analyze the feasibility of cow farming center in Batubara Regency from financial aspect and non financial aspect, and to analyze the pattern of development of cow farming center in Batubara Regency. This research using a quantitative approach with survey on the type of research. The sample was determined by simple random sampling method, 50 people. The data collection through questionnaires. Data were analyzed using financial feasibility and non financial feasibility. The results showed that the cow farming center in the Batubara Regency from the investment criteria of business activities is feasible, the R / C value is 1.61. The cow farming center in Batubara Regency based on nonfinancial aspects is feasible in terms of market, social, economic, and cultural aspects as well as environmental aspects. Meanwhile, from the technical aspects, management and legal aspects, still need to be addressed. The development of cow farming center in Batubara Regency can be done with the pattern of community livestock with the system of integration to the surrounding areas by arranging and cooperation between various related parties, especially the plantation, that is: the area integration of cow-palm; cow-rubber integration areas; and the integration of cow-food crops.
Analisis Pengaruh Perubahan Kebiasaan Makan Terhadap Kontinuitas Produksi Telur Itik Di Kabupaten Batu Bara
Authors: Misnun Misnun , Hasnudi Hasnudi , Siregar Muhammad Akbar
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to reveal whether changes in eating habits in laying ducks had a negative influence on the continuity of egg production. Keywords: superior fruits, production value, worthiness. The study was conducted in Batu Bara District by conducting a survey of 35 (thirty-five) breeders in nine villages in three sub-districts. The breeders that are used as the object of research are breeders with intensive and traditional maintenance patterns. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research and the data used are primary data. The method used in data collection uses survey methods through questionnaires. Analysis of the data used in this study is a simple linear regression analysis. The results of this study are changes in eating habits negatively affect the continuity of duck egg production. This explains that there is an opposite relationship between changes in duck eating habits to the continuity of egg production.
Peningkatan Produksi Crude Palm Oil Melalui Kriteria Matang Panen Tandan Buah Segar untuk Optimalisasi Pendapatan Perusahaan
Authors: Sitorus Mastarida L. F. , Akoeb Erwin Nyak , Sembiring Rasmulia , Siregar Muhammad Akbar
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the maturity level of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) that enter the Palm Oil Mill (POM). If the maturity level of FFB changes (not standardized), the company's income will change. This research method uses a quantitative approach, the type of research is secondary data collection. Data were obtained from POM of Rambutan PTPN III with garden samples, namely the Raja Tanah Gardens, Sei Putih, Sarang Giting, and Rambutan. The data collected is secondary data in the form of data series, namely FFB production, CPO, Core and Revenue in 2016 - 2018. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, optimization and two different test averages. The results showed that the composition of harvested fruit had a very significant effect on CPO and core production. Optimizing the maturity of the fruit harvest will significantly increase the production of palm oil and palm kernel. The average palm oil production that can be optimized from the realization in accordance with the fruit maturity criteria is 4,734.16 tons or 11.04%. The average palm kernel production that can be optimized from the realization in accordance with the fruit maturity criteria is 1,091.31 tons or 11.54%. Optimizing the maturity of harvested fruit will significantly increase revenues from palm oil and palm kernel. The average income that can be optimized from optimizing palm oil production is Rp. 38,862.51 million or 11.14%. The average income that can be optimized from optimizing the production of Palm Oil is Rp. 7,350.05 million or 11.57%
Analisis Kebijakan Program Peremajaan Sawit Rakyat Melalui Badan Pengelola Dana Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (BPDPKS) Di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Selatan.
Authors: Siahaan Jannes Maringan , Siregar Tumpal H.S. , Siahaan Elisabeth
Published: September 2020

his study aims to analyze the policies of the community oil palm rejuvenation program through the oil palm plantation fund management agency (BPDPKS) in South Labuhanbatu Regency. The data analyzed were obtained from the research location in Aek Raso Village, Torgamba Subdistrict, South Labuhanbatu Regency by conducting structured interviews with 165 farmers who applied for aid. This rejuvenation program policy has requirements consisting of administrative aspects and financing aspects. Research shows that the value of aid funds provided by the government in implementing oil palm rejuvenation has not been able to support the costs required. The percentage of farmers who have 2 ha of land area is 78.8% while those who have 4 ha of land area are 21.2%, the age of productive farmers is 68% while 32% of age is not productive. Farmers who have a legality of land as much as 36% and who are not legal as much as 64%. This policy has not been specific to the location proven from the data of 282 farmers who are members of the Gapoktan, there are 16% have not been able to take advantage of the policy. Costs needed by farmers from the beginning of planting until the maintenance period of the 3rd year is Rp. 60,364,349. Through indicative costs set by the government of Rp. 66,437,000, the difference in average value of farmers' needs is less than that set by the government, which is valued at Rp. 6,072,651, or 9.14%. Based on government funding of Rp. 25,000,000, - / ha / farmer then to meet the cost of rejuvenation of oil palm, farmers need matching funds with an average value of Rp35,364,349 / ha / farmer or 59% of the total funds.
Pengaruh Kapasitas Olah, Ketersediaan Bahan Baku dan Capaian Rendemen Terhadap Harga Pokok Pengolahan Pabrik Kelapa Sawit di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Torgamba PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III (Persero)
Authors: Atmaja Yuda Pratama , Akoeb Erwin Nyak , Siregar M. Akbar
Published: September 2020

Palm oil was first introduced in Indonesia by the Dutch government in 1848, at that time there were 4 oil palm seedlings planted at Bogor Botanical Garden (Botanical Garden) in Bogor, two from Bourbon (Mauritius) and two from the Hortus Botanicus, Amsterdam ( Netherlands). Currently the development of oil palm cultivation is increasing with an area of 2017 covering 11.5 million hectares and the production of palm oil (CPO) has reached ± 30 million tons in 2018. The main objective of this research is to find out the influence of the increase of capacity achievement, availability of raw materials and the achievement of oil and palm kernel oil to the performance of oil palm factory, especially the cost of processing so that it can give added value to the company. Based on the result of the research, it is known that the capacity of X1 is negative but not significant. This is in accordance with the hypothesis, the availability of raw material (X2) is negative but not significant and the yield of rendement (X3) is negative but not significant this is in accordance with the hypothesis and capacity though, the availability of raw materials and yields of yields together have a significant effect on the cost of processing. On the basis of this, then the management should increase attention to the capacity of the process, the availability of raw materials and the achievement of rendemen to minimize the basic price.
Perjanjian Jaminan Fidusia Kaitan dengan Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Perlindungan Konsumen
Authors: Sipayung Iskandar Muda , Kamello Tan , Marlina Marlina , Kartika Arie
Published: September 2020

This research is normative legal research, an explanatory descriptive nature that aims to describe, disclose and explain the relationship between the non-criminal investigation of consumer protection with consumer guarantee agreements. The analysis is carried out using a juridical approach method which is then synchronized vertically or horizontally to related laws to see the existence of harmonization and certainty in the existing legal system. To further sharpen the results of the study also carried out an analysis of the effectiveness of the case. The results of the study provide an illustration that the Fiduciary Security Act has a problem in Article 15 regarding the provisions of the procedure for execution that is contrary to the HIR / RBg. Likewise, between Article 54 paragraph (3) and Article 56 paragraph (2) of the Consumer Protection Act, an inconsistency occurs in its application and implementation. With respect to agreements containing standard clauses, business actors and / or their management can be criminalized, in accordance with Article 18 in conjunction with Article 62 of the Consumer Protection Act. It is recommended that the Government and the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia be able to revise these articles in order to realize legal certainty for all parties.
Pelaksanaan Peraturan Menteri BUMN Nomor: PER-01/MBU/2011 Tentang Penerapan Tata Kelola Yang Baik (Good Corporate Governance) Pada BUMN (Studi Kasus Di PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV)
Authors: Hartono Rudi , Marlina Marlina , Muaz Zul Muaz Zul
Published: September 2020

Good Corporate Governance can be understood as a set of regulations governing Limited Liability relationship between shareholders, management companies and other stakeholders with regard to the rights and obligations, one of which is the decision-making at the Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners. The provisions stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of SOE No. PER-01 / MBU / 2011,  the publication of these regulations ultimately aims to create corporate  governance that provides added value for all parties. The research method used is a normative legal research methods that are qualitative, such methods researchers conducted a discussion of the law in legislation through legal theories that found the answers to legal issues in accordance with applicable regulations. Barriers to implementation of  Good Corporate Governance is composed of several factors, among others, legal, corporate culture and human resources, but the implementation of PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV remain committed. As part of its commitment to the forming section, which is responsible for monitoring and encouraging implementation of application in accordance with the provisions of the Law.
Implementasi Penagihan Pajak Dengan Surat Paksa Dan Penyitaan Dalam Upaya Optimalisasi Penerimaan Pajak Di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Binjai
Authors: Sitepu Kartika Dewanty , Marlina Marlina , Leviza Jelly
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the Implementation of Forced Tax Collection and Confiscation in an Effort to Optimize Tax Receipts at the Binjai Pratama Tax Office. Answering these problems used normative and empirical juridical research methods. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Field studies by conducting interviews with informants namely Bailiffs and Taxpayers. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively. From the results of the study showed that the implementation of tax collection with forced letters and seizures carried out by the Bailiff at the Binjai Primary Tax Service Office had been carried out in optimizing tax revenue. In reality, there are still some obstacles, namely the low compliance of taxpayers paying taxes, the address of registered taxpayers is difficult to find, the lack of supporting data, the number of bailiffs, and legislation. To overcome these obstacles, socialization and outreach activities to the public are carried out intensively and continuously, improving the address of registered taxpayers, adding bailiffs and human resources, increasing cooperation with third parties and clarifying the laws and regulations on active billing actions in order to achieve targets and realize tax revenues.
Implementasi Tindak Pidana Ringan Dalam Kasus Penganiayaan (Studi Putusan Nomor : 178/Pid.B/ 2017/ PN. Mdn)
Authors: M Anwita Fauziah , Mubarak Ridho , Trisna Wessy
Published: September 2020

Minor criminal acts are regulated in Article 352 of the Indonesian Criminal Code, which is a maltreatment that does not cause illness or is prevented from doing office or daily work. Type of normative juridical research. The nature of the research is analytical descriptive is a study that describes, examines, explains and analyzes a legal regulation and describes the results of the data received based on the data source and also by analyzing related cases based on sample cases seen from the Medan District Court Decision in a criminal offense of minor maltreatment . The application of criminal law against criminal offenses of mild persecution in Decision Number: 178 / Pid.B / 2017 / PN Mdn is the perpetrators violating Article 351 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, namely: first, legally proven and convincing guilty of committing a criminal offense, secondly, sentenced to prison for 3 (three) months and 15 (fifteen) days, third, stipulates the period of arrest and detention that has been served by the Defendant deducted entirely from the criminal convicted, fourth, orders the Defendant to remain in custody, fifth, imposes case costs to The defendant is Rp. 2,000, - (two thousand rupiah).
Pengaruh Pelatihan Efikasi Diri, Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Stres Kerja Anggota Satuan Brimob Polda Sumut
Authors: Kusuma Halim Perdana , Lubis M. Rajab , Hardjo Suryani
Published: September 2020

This study aims to see the effect of self efficacy and transformational leadership on work stress of members of Brimob Polda Unit in Medan. The study was conducted from November 2016 until March 2017. Using the quantitative method of experimentation, using a one group pretest-posttest design. Using purposive sampling method as many as 20 people. Data collection methods in this study using a scale, which consists of work stress scale, self efficacy and leadership scale, where the reliability of the scale work stress for 0.916, reliability self-efficacy scale of 0.963 and the leadership scale of 0.948. Where the three scales are very reliable and worthy used as a measuring tool in this study. The results of self efficacy training showed the significance (p) value of 0.0000.05, which means that there is an effect of self efficacy training on job stress reduction of Sat Brimob members, while the partial research result between leadership variables and work stress has no significant influence. This is seen from the results p of 0.3270.05 and R squere of 0.053 where the leadership contribution is only 5.3% of work stress. While simultaneous research results show the value of self efficacy and leadership significance to work stress of 0.0720.05, which means that there is no significant influence between self efficacy  and leadership to work stress, with a contribution of only 26.6% determination.
Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Moril Kerja dengan Disiplin Kerja pada Pegawai/Aparatur Pemerintahan SKPD Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan Kota Medan
Authors: Amelia Rina , Lubis M. Rajab , Hardjo Suryani
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship of leadership style and work morale with work discipline on the staff / government officials SKPD Medan Tuntungan Subdistrict. The data collection instrument used are the scale of work discipline, the scale of leadership style and work morale scale. Population in this research is all the staff / government officials of SKPD Medan Tuntungan District. The sampling technique used samples saturated and the number of samples used is 86 people. Data analysis technique used in this research is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between leadership style and work morale with work discipline.The total effective contribution of leadership style and work morale variables to work discipline was 55,9%.
Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Lingkungan Kerja Dengan Motivasi Kerja Anggota Satuan Brigade Mobile Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara
Authors: Hasibuan Siti Mayasari , Lubis M. Rajab , Hardjo Suryani
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship between leadership style and work environment with work motivation. The research was conducted at BRIMOB POLDA SUMUT. The number of respondents in this study was 106 members of BRIMOB POLDA SUMUT  with sampling technique random sampling. Based on spearman rank data analysis, there is a significant level between leadership style (X1) with work motivation (Y) with significant value 0.000 0,05, that was to prove that there was a partial relationship of leadership style with work motivation. While the working environment relation (X2) with work motivation (Y) with significant value 0,000 0,05. It proves that there was a partial relationship work environment with work motivation. While the significance level of leadership style (X1) and work environment (X2) with work motivation (Y) with significant value 0,000 0,05 were related simultaneously, the hypothesis in this research was accepted. The correlation of leadership style relation and work environment with work motivation of BRIMOB members was 49.7% .
Hubungan peran ayah dan dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan determinasi diri pada remaja pecandu narkoba di klinik pemulihan adiksi medan plus
Authors: Yuris Evicenna , Darmayanti Nefi , Minauli Irna
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship of the role of fathers with self-determination, the relationship of peer social support with self-determination, and the relationship between the role of fathers and peer social support with self-determination in adolescent drug addicts. The population in this study were adolescent drug addicts in Medan Plus Addiction Recovery Clinic. A sample of 54 teenagers were taken by purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a scale of self-determination, the scale of the role of fathers and the scale of peer social support. The results of multiple regression analysis showed a Freg value of 11,071 with p = 0,000 (p 0,005), which indicated that there was a significant relationship between self-determination and the role of fathers with peer social support. Partially, there is a relationship between self-determination with the role of father rxy = 0.543 with p 0.01, and there is a relationship between social support of peers with self-determination rxy = 0.384 with p 0.01. R2 value of 0.303 means the role of fathers and social support of peers together make an effective contribution of 30.3% of self-determination.
Hubungan Antara Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kepercayaan Diri dengan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa di SMP Negeri 9 Tebing Tinggi
Authors: Dalimunthe Liany Rosa Indah , Lubis Syaiful Akhyar , Aziz Azhar
Published: September 2020

Learning independence is one of the whips to face the challenges and learning tasks faced. Independent students can complete their work or tasks well even without the help of others. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and confidence with student learning independence in SMP Negeri 9 Tebing Tinggi. The population of this study are students of SMP Negeri 9 Tebing Tinggi as many as 600 students with random sampling technique obtained a sample of 120 respondents. Data analysis technique using multiple regression analysis technique. The result of the research shows that emotional intelligence and students' self-reliance in Junior High School 9 Tebing Tinggi are in normal category, while the self confidence of students of SMP Negeri 9 Tebing Tinggi is high. From the results of the first hypothesis test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence with learning independence with a correlation of 0.606 and p-value 0.000. The second hypothesis shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-confidence with learning independence with a correlation of 0.565 and p-value 0.000. Furthermore, the third hypothesis shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between emotional intelligence and confidence with learning independence with a correlation of 0.706 and p-value 0.000. The total effective contribution of emotional intelligence and self confidence variables with student learning independence in SMP Negeri 9 Tebing Tinggi is 70.6%.
Hubungan Motivasi Kerja dan Kecerdasan Emosional dengan Kinerja Pegawai Unit Pelatihan Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Dalimunthe Novita Rizky , Lubis Syaiful Akhyar , Aziz Azhar
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship of work motivation and emotional intelligence with the performance of Health Officers UPT Province of North Sumatra. The type of this research is quantitative research with research population of UPT Health officer of North Sumatera Province as many as 66 people and all of them used as sample (total sampling). The result of analysis shows that the average of work motivation, emotional intelligence and performance of UPT Health officer of North Sumatera Province is high. The results of multiple regression analysis based on the first hypothesis shows that there is a significant relationship between work motivation and employee performance of 0,578 and p 0.000. The second hypothesis shows that there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and employee performance of 0.644 and p 0.000. And there is a very significant relationship between work motivation and emotional intelligence with employee performance of 0.726 and p 0.000. The higher the work motivation and emotional intelligence of the UPT Health Officer of the Province of North Sumatra, the higher the performance of the employee. Contribution given work motivation and emotional intelligence to employee performance is equal to 52,7%.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif dan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Tanggung Jawab Siswa Dalam Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga Yayasan Pendidikan SMP Santo Xaverius 1 Kabanjahe
Authors: Tarigan Roy Bastian , Munir Abdul , Lubis M. Rajab
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are: (1) To find out the significant effect differences between the use of Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) learning methods and Jigsaw learning methods on student responsibility, (2) To determine the significant difference in influence between students who have emotional intelligence towards student responsibility, (3) To determine the interaction of influence between learning models and emotional intelligence on student responsibility. The subject of this study was the eighth grade students of Santo Xaverius 1 Junior High School, namely class VIII-1 who used the STAD learning method and class VIII-3 using the Jigsaw method. The results of the study were: (1) the average responsibility of students taught by the Jigsaw learning method  = 87.96 higher than the learning outcomes of students taught by the STAD learning method  = 66.3 with Fcount = 1.127 Ftable = 4.006, (2) the average responsibility of students with high emotional intelligence  = 86.68 higher than the responsibility of students with low emotional intelligence = 60.76 with Fcount = 7.749 Ftable = 4.009, (3) There is no interaction between learning models and emotional intelligence on student responsibility with Fcount = 2.239 Ftable = 2.683
The Republican Houses of the Roman Colonies in Ancient Magna Graecia. Cultural Exchange from a Western Perspective
Authors: Cortés Vicente Ada
Published: September 2020

This article presents an analysis that is being carried out within the framework of the ‘Tetrastylon project’ (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research Fellowship). This project is designed to create the scientific basis for the identification and definition of a new type of Roman domus. This typological item is the result of the hybridisation of a house scheme drawn from the Greek and Roman conceptions of housing. In the recent decades, some studies have found a particular type of Roman house in different parts of the Empire. The structural scheme of this domus joins, in the first place, the developmental concept of the Greek dwelling with the use of the Roman atrium as the central distribution area of the house. As a result of this cultural symbiosis, it is possible to observe Roman distribution areas within housing built following Greek structural conceptions and the combination of very different architectural influences between both cultures. The house, tentatively termed ‘the tetrastyle courtyard house’, has been observed in different Roman cities with a Greek past, but in different geographical contexts and chronologies. This type of house, with its variants, has not been sufficiently analysed in the Roman domestic architecture studies. This article will present different examples of this type of house within the territorial context of ancient Magna Graecia under the influence of the Roman dominion. This approach will show the same exchanges between the Greeks and the Romans in the East, but from the western perspective and at an earlier chronological stage.
Smell and Taste in Art: Suggestions towards a Systematic Approach
Authors: Sauer Christian Dieter
Published: September 2020

The reflections outlined in this paper on smell and taste in modern and contemporary art are divided into three larger chapters: an introductory literature review is followed by a general discussion of sense perception in terms of philosophy, physiology, and intellectual history; and this forms the backdrop for the main body, in which eight different approaches to olfactory and gustatory art are proposed. These categories take different levels as their starting point: for instance, they illuminate the significance of smell and taste as materialities, they address aspects of the process of perception, they posit questions concerning the affect of smell and taste, they consider spatial and temporal aspects, and they discuss the relation between perception and knowledge. The main body of the paper is concerned with these categories and their respective theoretical background, also providing concrete examples of relevant works of art.
The Effects of COVID-19 Confinement on the Spanish Family: Adaptation or Change?
Authors: Ayuso Luis , Requena Félix , Jiménez-Rodriguez Olga , Khamis Nadia
Published: September 2020

Spain is one of the countries that has been most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. As a southern European country, Spain is characterized by high levels of sociability and the vital role of the family in its social structure. The intense confinement phase raised many questions about how the Spanish family would adapt to this crisis. This study analyzes the consequences of confinement on three areas of family life: the emotional state of its members, family relationships inside and outside the home, and the impact of ICTs on families in isolation. Only statistically representative data published by Spain’s main research institutes are used for this study. The results highlight the important adaptive capacity of the Spanish family, the activation of solidarity networks and the improvement in internal and external family relationships. This situation has served to accelerate the development of new technologies in the domestic sphere, with effects on the communicative relationship between its members and to open the debate on teleworking as a tool for reconciliation of work and family life.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA SIRUP BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi)
Authors: Muhami Muhami , Sukmadi Indrati , Damang Syahril Makosim
Published: September 2020

Usaha sirup belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) merupakan salah satu peluang bisnis yang mempunyai prospek cukup baik. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan adanya UKM yang sudah melakukan usaha tersebut, walaupun pemilik UKM tersebut tidak tahu berapa keuntungan dari bisnis tersebut.Â  Oleh karena itu dilakukanlah penelitian studi kelayakan usaha sirup belimbing wuluh.Â  Tujuan dariÂ  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan usahaÂ  sirup belimbing wuluh.Â  Penelitian ini dilakukan di UKM sirup belimbing wuluh Berkah, Tigaraksa, Kabupaten Tangerang.Â  Waktu alokasi untuk studi dimulai dariÂ  Maret sampai Mei 2017. Asumsi Â : hari produksi 20 hari perbulan ; \.Â  kapasitas produksi 100 kg buah belimbing wuluh per hari, atau Â 77.040 botol sirup belimbing wuluh.Â  Perhitungan analisis finansial berdasarkan masa usaha lima tahun dan diskon faktorÂ  9,75%.Â  Harga jual sirup belimbing wuluh Rp. 25.000 per botol.Â  Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa usaha sirip belimbing wuluh layak secara finansial.Â  Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai NPV positif ( Rp. 733.535.232); Â BCR positif (1,24); IRR lebih besar dari diskon faktor (48%) ; BEP lebih kecil dari produksi per tahun (62.075 botol/tahun) ; Pay Back Period 1tahun 9 bulan. Hasil analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kapasitas produksi sebesar 5% lebih sensitive dari pada kenaikan biaya produksi sebesar 5%,kedua kondisi tersebut masih menunjukkan hasil kelayakan usaha yang positifKata kunci: kelayakan usaha, belimbing wuluh, sirup
ICT in the Primary School
Authors: Dukić Darko , Petrinšak Slavko , Pinjušić Pavao
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study was to explore various issues related to the introduction and use of ICT in primary schools in eastern and central Croatia from the viewpoint of informatics teachers. A total of 232 respondents participated in the survey. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied in data analysis. The results indicate that the equipment in computer classrooms is only partially satisfactory. LCD projectors and multimedia computers are mostly used in teaching informatics. The research also revealed that teachers are aware of the importance of ICT implementation in classrooms. However, they are less satisfied with the professional development opportunities. Their responses also suggest that they are ready to participate in the curriculum development process, undertake continuing education, and focus on pupils and their learning. In addition, the analysis showed that teachers, regardless of their background characteristics, share similar views. So far, the issues discussed in this paper have only been superficially examined. The present study expands previous research by providing insight into the practice and attitudes of informatics teachers in Croatian primary schools.