bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mu’in al-Muqri’ al-Nahreer on Know-ing What the title, the poem, and the simplification are characterized by, by Sheikh Ahmed bin Ali Al-Bilbeisi (797 AH), investigation and study
Authors: altuwalah Aeshah
Published: April 2023

This research aims to investigate and study the manuscript of Mu’in al-Muqri’ al-Nahreer on knowing what the title, the poem, and the simplification are characterized by Sheikh Ahmed bin Ali Al-Bilbeisi (797 AH).To this end, I followed the required scientific approach including a sufficient study of the author and his book, which includes a study of the author through translating his works, the compliments he received from scholars, and his scientific impacts. Then, I studied the manuscript sufficiently, including documenting the book name, attribution of the book to the author, the sources that the author mentioned, his approach, and a description of the manuscript, with attached samples of it. The second chapter includes the investigated text, the scientific approach was used to investigate the text such as transcribing manuscripts, comparing the copies, attributing the verses, documentation of texts and sayings .. etc. I concluded the research with the key results, such as the importance of this type of classification for the students of Quranic readings, which is concerned with collecting and explaining what each book of the famous scholars’ books are characterized by, which are approved by the people of this art, to simplify it for them. The manuscript confirmed the scientific status of Imam Al-Bilbeisi - May Allah bless his soul- since this type of classification requires exploration, recalling ideas, and mastering books to be able to find matters. In addition, the specialist needs to read more to know the uniqueness of each of the original books in this science, until he distinguishes and masters the methods, to reach a level that he can recognize them.
Survival of COVID-19 among the Iranian population before and after the Delta variant spread
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran, Masoudi Mahmood Reza , Sadeghi Reza ,   Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran., Amiri Mohammad Moqaddasi ,   Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 has been considered the most important issue in the last two years. Some characteristics and factors can play a pivotal role in the survival time and mortality of COVID-19 patients. The Delta variant was one of the most important variants of COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of COVID-19 survival before and after the spread of the Delta variant. In this historical cohort study, 6,117 hospitalized patients with positive COVID-19 PCR tests between January and September 2021 participated. Some characteristics such as age, sex, death by COVID-19, and presence/absence of some comorbidities were registered for the patients. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model were done to check the effect of the potential risk factors on the survival of COVID-19 patients by considering the onset of symptoms to death as the time variable. The mean age of patients was 47.29 (SD=18.70). 53% of patients were female, 4.6% were admitted to the ICU, and 3.6% died from COVID-19. Age (HR=9.81, p<.001), cardiovascular disease (HR=2.86, p<.001), chronic kidney disease (HR=6.21, p<.001), diabetes (HR=2.16, p=0.002), hypertension (HR=2.67, p<.001), ICU admission (HR=12.92, p<.001), pO2<93% (HR=6.75, p<.001), and intubation (HR=21.54, P<.001) were risk factors that were influential on the survival of COVD-19 patients before the spread of the Delta variant. Although the effect of some variables changed after the spread of the Delta variant, some of them, like chronic kidney disease and hypertension were no longer significant. Although the effect of some comorbidities was significant only in the crude models, they were not influential in the adjusted model. Conversely, in the presence of other risk factors, especially age, most of the comorbidities were not significant in the adjusted model. Older age, ICU admission, intubation, and pO2<93% are the most important variables which played a pivotal role in the survival of individuals infected by COVID-19.
Factors Affecting Community Treatment in Bandar Masilam Health Center, Bandar Masilam District, Simalungun Regency
Authors: Mustaruddin
Published: April 2023

Community behavior in seeking treatment varies, influenced by several factors, namely: motivation, knowledge, distance to the health center, health workers, treatment costs, and health facilities. This study aims to identify the factors that influence people to go to the Health Center for treatment by using an exploratory descriptive design. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents who were visitors to the Bandar Masilam Public Health Center, Bandar Masilam District, Simalungun Regency. Sampling using convenience sampling technique in accordance with the research criteria. Data collection was carried out from April 14 to May 30 2014 using a demographic data questionnaire and a questionnaire on factors influencing people to seek treatment at the Health Center, totaling 30 (thirty) statements. The majority of the factors that influenced people to seek treatment at the Health Center were health workers (94%), motivation (90%), medical expenses (80%), health facilities (82%), while the factors that generally had no effect were knowledge (84). %) and the distance to the health center (80%). For this reason, the Health Center needs to carry out socialization efforts that are more related to the various programs and services that have been held at the Health Center. Researchers recommend conducting further research using a larger sample size so that the research results are more accurate.
Don’t Cry Over Spilled or Spilt Milk?: Nuanced Semanto-Pragmatic Differences Between -ed and -t in English
Authors: Faulkner Tris
Published: April 2023

Modern English has a small set of verbs that show variability between the inflections -ed and ­-t as preterite and past participle morphemes (Peters et al., 2022; Quirk, 1970). Examples include: burn, spoil, spill, learn, dream, spell, smell, kneel, dwell, leap, and lean (Peters et al., 2022; Quirk, 1970). While -ed is thought to be the more prevalent form in U.S. Englishes, -t is more widespread in U.K. dialects of English (as related to both preterite and perfect forms) (Cambridge English Dictionary, 2023; HarperCollins, 2023). However, in spite of this difference being regularly deemed dialectal (Cambridge English Dictionary, 2023; HarperCollins, 2023), according to some scholars (e.g., Peters et al., 2022; Quirk, 1970), choice between one form or the other may carry semantic consequences. For instance, whereas -ed in participial contexts may be understood as representing imperfective actions, -t might be associated with perfectivity (Quirk, 1970). With this in mind, the present paper had as its objective to further explore the meaning differences that may come about with the use of either inflection.

In the sections to come, I add to the aforementioned discussion by pointing out that, in adjectival environments, the aspectual differences between the two can be analogized as the PLIANT and INTERRUPTIBLE (-ed) vs. the NON-COMPLIANT and TERMINAL (-t). I explain that, while -ed tends to be interpreted as being tied to modifiable or malleable events, -t is read as signaling those which are fixed or unyielding. The findings to be discussed are significant for several reasons: 1) they shed light on the contexts in which each inflected form may be preferred; 2) very few academic works acknowledge any differences, other than regional preference; and 3) to my knowledge, no previous scholarly article has focused on their uses in exclusively, adjectival environments.
Dynamic Response of Reinforcement Concrete Buildings to Earthquake Excitation
Authors: Noor Khaleel Ibrahim , Kmal Mustafa Kais
Published: April 2023

Today, design based on performance levels is particularly important in seismic areas. Considering the seismic criteria of the code is 2800. In this study, for this purpose, the two-dimensional model of a 6-storey building created as a 6-storey reinforcement concrete building has been evaluated utilizing nonlinear dynamic and static analysis. The nonlinear model of the building under study was created by sap 2000 software. After calculating the studied building's first mode and overlap curve, nonlinear dynamic analysis is also performed. According to these letters, the properties of nonlinear joints are assigned to thyrostone elements. Furthermore, uniform and linear dynamic analysis of time history based on six earthquake records has been performed on the models. Amplitude system (SI) identification techniques and the influence of excitation force features on The performance of different methods were also examined. The finite element model was Building Uses SAP2000 to compare time history features with identified counterparts from the experiment. The findings demonstrated a strong correlation between modal factors identified by various.
Carta Editorial G20
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escudero Castro Héctor César
Published: April 2023

En el campo de la Restauración y Conservación Arquitectónica, la inquietud por la determinación intelectual del legado edilicio, que implica y conlleva el conocimiento y la actitud ante éste, representa una serie de esfuerzos permanentes de búsqueda, reflexión y praxis. Y nada más, por el solo hecho de conseguir una seguridad cada vez más sólida sobre cómo tratar, entender y explicar esta herencia. Estos esfuerzos, como pasa en muchas otras parcelas del conocimiento, están indisolublemente unidos, la aportación que proporcione alguno, deberá forzosamente reflejare en los restantes, tanto para su afianzamiento, como para su falsación o, cambio, sin embargo, conforme se avanza en la persecución de esa mayor seguridad, los temas que se vinculan con el área, conforman un abanico cada vez más amplio pero que requiere ser tratado si es que se desea mayor certeza en esta disciplina.
Paisajes de Guanajuato según un códice cartográfico del siglo XVI.
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sotelo Santos Laura Elena , González Espinosa Mario ,   El colegio de la Frontera sur
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo estudia el paisaje del siglo XVI del norte de Guanajuato a través de las representaciones de la pintura que acompañó la Relación Geográfica de las Villas de San Miguel y San Felipe de los chichimecas, una de las fuentes pictográficas más ricas y complejas de la Nueva Galicia. Se conjugan varios enfoques: histórico, codicológico, paleográfico, geográfico, botánico, zoológico y ecológico. Se parte del análisis del manuscrito como documento histórico, con referencia a la base jurídica hispánica que lo generó, sus objetivos, elementos de composición y contexto, aunado al análisis como códice de tradición mesoamericana, cuyo origen indígena marca diferencias conceptuales y plásticas que lo distinguen de los mapas europeos de su tiempo. A través de la revisión de más de 200 figuras -que comprenden elementos del paisaje natural y cultural- y de la transcripción de 38 glosas, se identifica la orientación original del mapa, se propone el área que está dibujada con mayor detalle (a través de un polígono central de referencia) y se señalan las área aledañas con sus diferentes elementos. Se reconocen paisajes diferenciados mediante el análisis de los dibujos de flora y fauna nativas y el aprovechamiento por la ganadería introducida: llanos con ciénagas estacionales, lomeríos rocosos con nopaleras, planicies y lomeríos de suelos medianamente profundos con pastizales, bosques variados según la altitud y bosques de galería. Finalmente, se discuten las nopaleras del Tunal Grande como hábitat y recurso para los chichimecas y otros grupos que les sucedieron.
Apuntes sobre la vivienda rifeña (taddart tarifit). Un análisis etnoarqueológico en el Rif marroquí, África del Norte
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Ramírez Rodríguez Azul Ultramar
Published: April 2023

El interés de este ensayo es enfatizar, a través de un análisis etnoarqueológico (basado principalmente en información obtenida durante el trabajo de campo de la autora), el vínculo existente entre la arquitectura vernácula del Rif Marroquí (África del Norte) y algunas prácticas culturales de este pueblo amazige/amaziɣ (bereber). Si bien los rifeños fueron islamizados en el siglo VII, conservaron características culturales autóctonas que han quedado impresas en la vivienda tradicional. Por otra parte, los cambios sociales, culturales y económicos han provocado la transformación de algunos elementos de la vivienda vernácula, como es, por ejemplo, la habitación de visitas, cuyo diseño y funcionalidad está estrechamente ligado a los roles de género. De este modo, se presentan aquí algunos elementos de la vivienda rifeña en estrecha relación con las particularidades culturales de la región de estudio
Pengolahan Air Kolam Tambang Batubara Menggunakan Membran Untuk Budidaya Perikanan
Authors:   Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan, Fakultas Keseahtan Masayarakat, Universitas Teuku Umar, Jalan Alue Peunyareng, Ujong Tanoh Darat, Meureubo, kabupaten Aceh Barat, Aceh 23681, Indonesia., Kiswanto Kiswanto , Wintah Wintah ,   Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan, Fakultas Keseahtan Masayarakat, Universitas Teuku Umar, Jalan Alue Peunyareng, Ujong Tanoh Darat, Meureubo, kabupaten Aceh Barat, Aceh 23681, Indonesia.
Published: April 2023

Pengolahan air kolam pasca tambang batubara untuk budidaya perikanan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengolah air kolam pasca tambang yang digunakan untuk budidaya ikan. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah in situ dan ex situ, dan kemudian dianalisis di laboratorium Mer-C Universitas Diponegoro. Air yang dianalisis adalah kekeruhan, warna, total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS), amonia (NH3-N), nitrat (NO3-N), nitrit (NO2-N), phospat (PO4-P), sulfide (H2S), besi (Fe) dan mangan (Mn). Analisis kualitas air dibandingkan dengan standar baku mutu air limbah tambang batubara. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengolahan air kolam pasca tambang batubara yang berada pada lokasai non aerasi, aerasi, inlet dan outlet menggunakan membran Nanofiltrasi 270. Hasil rejeksi rata-rata untuk kolam non aerasi, aerasi, inlet, dan outlet untuk parameter pH, suhu, kekeruhan, warna, total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved solid (TDS), amonia (NH3), nitrat (NO3), nitrit (NO2), sulfide (H2S), Besi (Fe), dan Mangan (Mn) berturut-turut sebesar (5-28%); (3-6%); (99-100%); (90-100%); (82-95%); (53-82%); (100%); (100%); (100%); (74-100%); (61-100%); (91-100%). Membrane NF270 dapat digunakan untuk pengolahan air kolam bekas batubara menjadi media budidaya ikan tawar. Kata Kunci: Membran Nanofiltrasi, Parameter, Fluks, Rejeksi, Air kolam Tambang
Ensuring state, public, and personal interests in criminal proceedings under martial law or a state of emergency
Authors: Udalova Larysa , Khablo Oksana
Published: April 2023

The full-scale invasion of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine led to the need to change and amend the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine, specifically its Section IX-1. The purpose of this study was to analyse the development of criminal procedural legislation on the regulation of criminal proceedings under martial law through the lens of state, public, and personal interests of participants in criminal proceedings; analysis of legislative regulation of special procedures for apprehension and detention both in Ukrainian legislation and in the legislation of other countries. This study uses a set of special methods inherent in the study of the phenomena of legal science, namely historical legal, formal legal, comparative legal, and system-structural. It was found that both the title and the text of Section IX-1 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine have no indication of the specific features of criminal proceedings during other, except for military, special situations in the state that threaten its national security. It was substantiated that when regulating criminal proceedings under martial law, the emphasis on the priority of the interests of the participants in the criminal proceedings shifts towards the benefit of the interests of the state and society. Attention was drawn to the substantial expansion of the prosecutor's powers. The lack of a systematic approach to introducing changes and amendments to the criminal procedural legislation was proved. The procedural form of restriction of the right to freedom and personal inviolability during martial law has undergone substantial changes. An analysis of the criminal procedural legislation of Great Britain, Spain, France, and the United States suggests that these states respond to national security threats by introducing special procedures in the investigation of crimes that caused such threats. These special procedures relate to the period for detaining a person without notifying them of their charge, without bringing them to court. The conducted study allows forming a conceptual approach to the regulation of criminal proceedings, thereby ensuring a reasonable balance of state, public, and personal interests
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Institutional Performance and Scientific Innovations on Environmental Degradation: Evidence from OIC Countries
Authors: Khan Shafqat Mehmood , Rehman Saif-ur- , Fayyaz Sana
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI), institutional performance and scientific innovations on environmental degradation (ecological footprints) in selected OIC member countries. In this study, panel data analysis of selected OIC lower-middle income member countries over the period of 2000-2022 has been carried out. Cross-section dependance test has been done to check if there is cross-section dependence present among the variables and then second generation unit rot test has been employed to test the level of stationarity. Upon the recommendation of these tests, Pool Mean Group (PMG) has been applied to investigate the long run associations among the dependent and independent variables. The findings of this study show that FDI  has significant negative impact on ecological footprint and has been acting as environmentally friendly in lower-middle countries. Scientific innovations has significant positive impact on ecological footprint whereas Institutional performance has positive impact on ecological footprint has significant negative impact in high lower-middle income countries. Furthermore, the study has trade openness has positive and significant impact on ecological footprint and GDP per capita has insignificant impact on ecological footprint.
MENSURAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS DE PRESSÃO SONORA EM UMA COZINHA DE UM RESTAURANTE LOCALIZADO NO INTERIOR DO ESTADO SÃO PAULO
Authors: Alves Walter Gabriel Ribeiro , Ribeiro Larissa Alves , Corazza Maria Cristina Alves , Alcarás Patrícia Arruda de Souza
Published: April 2023

The aim of the present study was to measure the sound pressure levels generated in a restaurant kitchen located in the countryside of São Paulo - SP. This is a field study whose measurements were made in the internal spaces of a restaurant kitchen and in four cardinal points and a center one, before, during and after customer service. The material used comprised in a Minipa decibel meter. The results revealed a statistical difference between the sound pressure levels measured before and during customer service, and during, the levels were higher. It is possible to conclude that the sound pressure levels obtained are above the allowed by ABNT-NBR 10.152 rule. Noise control measures are necessary, in order to provide better acoustic comfort to workers.
TUMOR FILÓIDE MALIGNO: UMA NEOPLASIA MAMÁRIA RARA E AGRESSIVA
Authors: Frias Mariana Martins Borges , Marchese Carolina Corrêa Medeiros , Simão Izabela Valadão , Peres Hiasmin Melo , Sá Rafael da Silva
Published: April 2023

Phyllodes tumor (PF) of the breast is uncommon neoplasms which consisting in a fibroepithelial, circumscribed, with foliaceous structure, composed of epithelial and connective tissue. Often, affects woman aged between 40 and 50 years. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the PF has three forms – benign, borderline and malignant. The treatment is surgical. The effects of radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy are still uncertain. This study reports the case of a 54-years-old patient, feminine, admitted to a specialty clinic with presence of left breast tumor for six years, without seeking any assistance previously. Was submitted to be left mastectomy in a tertiary hospital. After the procedure, the anatomopathological analysis revealed a phyllodes tumor. At the time reassessment, apresent good looking surgical scar and is being followed-up with clinical oncology and motor physiotherapy. The patient remains to this day with a good quality of life and no signs of recurrence.
Die Fünfprozentklausel aus politikwissenschaftlicher Sicht: Geschichte, Wirkung, Kri- tik, Reformen
Authors: Jesse Eckhard
Published: April 2023

The five percent hurdle for the Bundestag has proven its worth and should be retained . On the one hand, it was able to keep splinter parties out of the Bundestag and, on the other hand, it did not block the way for newly founded parties to enter the federal parliament . However, the basic mandate clause and the minority clause undermine the meaning of the five percent hurdle . They are worthy of abolition . Instead, each voter should get a second- ary vote . It would then come into play if the voter voted for a party that failed at the five percent hurdle . Such a reform would retain the benefits of the ratchet clause and eliminate its disadvantages .
Die Auseinandersetzung mit Covid-19 in den USA – eine parteipolitische Pandemie?
Authors: Adorf Philipp
Published: April 2023

From its very beginning, the Covid-19 pandemic was politicized in the United States . Then- President Donald Trump saw it was little more than another attempt by his political oppo- nents and the media to harm his electoral chances . The Democratic camp viewed Trump’s actions as another example of the President’s incompetence and the growing anti-science sentiment within the Republican Party . The fact that supporters of both parties interpreted the pandemic differently can be attributed in particular to the growth in “affective” polariza- tion . The political opponent is now increasingly perceived as an enemy that is wrong on all issues and often seen as a threat to the country’s values and its democracy . Accordingly, masks, social distancing rules, and vaccinations were viewed from a partisan vantage point that hindered efforts to combat the pandemic in a unified manner . In other political areas, the growing antipathy between the two camps for one another can be expected to increas- ingly shape specific policy preferences as well .
Dispositional Reliabilism and Its Merits
Authors: Zaar Balder Edmund Ask ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: April 2023

In this article I discuss two counterexamples (the New Evil Demon Problem and Norman‘s Clairvoyance) to reliabilism and a potential solution: dispositional reliabilism. The latter is a recent addition to the many already-existing varieties of reliabilism and faces some serious problems of its own. I argue here that these problems are surmountable. The resulting central argument of the article aims to demonstrate how viewing reliabilism as an intrinsic dispositional property solves many of the issues facing reliabilism to date.
Neutralization, Lewis‘ Doctored Conditional, or Another Note on "A Connexive Conditional"
Authors: Raidl Eric ,   Romanian Academy - Iasi Branch
Published: April 2023

Günther recently suggested a 'new‘ conditional. This conditional is not new, as already remarked by Wansing and Omori. It is just David Lewis‘ forgotten alternative 'doctored‘ conditional and part of a larger class termed neutral conditionals. In this paper, I answer some questions raised by Wansing and Omori, concerning the motivation, the logic, the connexive flavor and contra-classicality of such neutralized conditionals. The main message being: Neutralizing a vacuist conditional avoids (some) paradoxes of strict implication, changes the logic essentially only by Aristotle‘s Thesis, makes strong connexivity impossible, and remains in the realm of non-contra-classical logics.
Jewish Mysticism Represented by Rabbi Schneerson, and the Quantum Physics of David Bohm
Authors: Lendvay Gregory C. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2023

This article investigates teachings from diverse mystical traditions and the quantum physicist, David Bohm. After a brief background on the traditions, a dialogue follows their teachings regarding these questions: How is infinite truth described? How does the phenomenal world relate to infinite truth? How do humans experience the infinite within the phenomenal world? The metaphors from quantum physics proposed by David Bohm poetically intertwine topics of emptiness, innermost awareness, sparks and relationships, storehouses and the heart, roots and souls, resurrection and the truth body, and perceiving truth.
Metastatic Breast Cancer Manifesting as Alopecia: A Case Report
Authors: Wilchowski Sara
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer affects approximately 1 in 8 women and is the most common malignancy among women. Alopecia neoplastica is a rare cutaneous manifestation of breast adenocarcinoma with less than 30 reported cases worldwide. The skin is typically not a target organ for cutaneous metastasis, however, breast adenocarcinoma carries a higher risk. Here, the author describes the case of woman with a history of breast carcinoma who was clinically disease free for over 11 years. She presented to Dermatology with rapid-onset alopecia and was diagnosed with alopecia neoplastica and subsequent diagnosis of metastatic disease. This case illustrates the importance of considering alopecia neoplastica as a differential diagnosis in adult women presenting with localized alopecia who also have a history of breast carcinoma.
Pembangunan dan Perlindungan Kebudayaan
Authors: Bahar DR. Saafroedin
Published: April 2023

The term "development"   is not neutral.  It is full of value,  either ideology, political   or cultural values.  It means  that cultural consideration  has the  same   importance as  ideology  and political  considerations.   A balance   and consolidated  human  rights concepts   between civil and political rights and economic,  social  and cultural rights  have  become   the mainstream   of development    discourse.   Hence,  when  all human rights instruments should  be comprehended   and justified   based on a non-discrimination   principle,  without differentiation   based on race,  ethnic,  religion  or group,  simultaneously    it should   also give opportunity to the fact that culturally  human beings  are consisted   of different anthropological community with different cultures.  Each has the right  to develop  and  look after its particular cultural values and institution.  This cultural right should  be protected   by the State in general  and by the Government  in particular.
Instrumen Internasional Terkait Hak Asasi Orang dengan Masalah Kejiwaan
Authors: Maramis Albert
Published: April 2023

Tulisan ini membahas tentang aturan-aturan yang ada di tingkat internasional terkait masalah ODMK. Peran instrumen internasional  HAM diperlukan dalam mendukung perlindungan HAM bagi ODMK karena kelompok  ini termasuk yang paling rentan. Mereka sering dihadapkan pada keadaan yang tidak memungkinkan untuk mempertahankan hak-haknya sehingga dengan mudah mengalami eksploitasi, penghinaan, dan pelanggaran hak-hak dasar. Tulisan ini juga menyampaikan saran agar para pembuat kebijakan di Indonesia benar-benar memperhatikan keberadaan aturan-aturan internasional tersebut.
Pembangunan Sistem Kesehatan Jiwa di Indoneisa
Authors: Viora Eka
Published: April 2023

Tulisan ini mengupas sejarah perlindungan terhadap ODMK. Dalam catatan sejarah, ternyata kolonial Belanda telah meletakkan dasar- dasar hukum bagi penanganan ODMK di Hindia Belanda. Pada 30 Desember 1865 dikeluarkan Koninlijk Besluit (Keputusan Kerajaan) dan pada 14 Mei 1867 dikeluarkan Keputusan Gubernur Jenderal untuk dibangunnya rumah sakit jiwa di Hindia Belanda. Atas dasar itulah berdiri beberapa rumah sakit jiwa yang hingga kini masih menjadi pilar bagi penanganan ODMK di Indonesia. Antara lain RSJ Bogor pada 1876, RSJ Lawang pada 1902, RSJ Solo pada 1919, RSJ Magelang pada 1923, RSJ Jakarta  pada 1924, serta RSJ Surabaya dan RSJ Semarang pada 1929. Hingga 1940 terdapat 16 RSJ di 16 provinsi. Namun, pelayanan kesehatan jiwa pada saat itu masih san- gat tertutup, bahkan mirip seperti penjara (custodial care). Dasar hukumnya adalah “het Reglemen op het Krankzinnigenwezen” (STBL 1897 No. 54). Yang menarik adalah bahwa salah satu pertimbangan kuat dalam suatu keputusan kerajaan adalah banyaknya pasien gangguan jiwa yang didapat dalam satu survei sehingga harus disatukan dalam satu fasilitas pTulisan ini membahas tentang pembangunan sistem kesehatan jiwa di Indonesia. Sistem pelayanan kesehatan jiwa yang tersedia di Indonesia saat ini masih didominasi oleh pelayanan kesehatan jiwa di institusi rumah sakit jiwa (RSJ). Kondisi ini menyebabkan RSJ di Indonesia bukan lagi berfungsi sebagai pelayanan tersier atau pusat rujukan, melainkan sebagai puskesmas “besar” karena semua penderita gangguan jiwa yang sebetulnya bisa dilayani di puskesmas dan RSU kabupaten/kota tetap ditangani di RSJ. Tulisan ini menekankan perlunya komitmen kuat dari segenap pihak, yakni para perencana, manajer, klinikus, dan lain-lain, untuk mereformasi pelayanan kesehatan jiwa di Indonesia. Agar benar-benar efektif, Indonesia perlu mengembangkan sebuah sistem layanan kesehatan jiwa berbasis masyarakat yang diberikan oleh keluarga, kelompok masyarakat, serta kader atau pekerja sukarela.rawatan dan tidak “berkeliaran” di masyarakat.
Menembus Kabut Kehidupan (Pengalaman Orang dengan Masalah Kejiwaan)
Authors: Suwardi Lili
Published: April 2023

Pengalaman hidup sebagai ODMK, ditulis Lili Suwardi dengan menarik. Ia memulai ceritanya sebagai anak bungsu yang tidak diinginkan kelahirannya. Namun, Tuhan menakdirkan lain. Ia terus hidup dalam perut ibu yang tidak menginginkannya. Ketika di SLTA ia mulai menemukan keanehan dirinya. Selulus SLTA, ia mulai menghadapi problem riil, yaitu mencari pekerjaan yang cocok bagi dirinya. Sebuah hal membuatnya mulai diserang kecemasan dan dianggap sebagai “orang gila” yang tak dapat melakukan apa-apa. Yang dilakukannya hanya minum obat, mengantuk, tidur, dan keluar-masuk rumah sakit. Ia tidak mendapat dukungan yang memadai dari keluarga. Sebuah hal yang kemudian membuatnya beberapa kali mencoba bunuh diri. Sebuah obat antipsikotik berdosis 1.470 miligram membuat dirinya tak sadarkan diri selama 4 hari. Namun, ia berhasil keluar dari belitan masalah serta kini eksis se- bagai blogger dan aktivis dalam Gugus Tugas Nasional Pembangunan Sistem Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia. Ia juga menjadi pengurus ornop bernama Perhimpunan Jiwa Sehat, sebuah organisasi konsumen dan keluarga orang dengan masalah kejiwaan.Tidak ada yang salah dengan pengalaman, yang mungkin salah adalah penilaian kita.Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Apresiasi Hak Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Penyelenggaraan Layanan Publik di Indonesia
Authors: Daming Saharuddin
Published: April 2023

Dalam era globalisasi yang ditan- dai dengan iklim kompetisi yang semakin ketat, tantangan utama peradaban manusia, bukan lagi isu perang dingin antar blok pertahanan,  melainkan isu  kemiskinan, konflik etnis,  penguatan demokrasi dengan  segala resikonya, serta globalisasi ekonomi termasuk perubahan peran  dan  interaksi antara  negara, pasar, dan  masyarakat madani. Selain  itu, aspi- rasi dan tuntutan masyarakat juga semakin meningkat akibat semakin terbukanya informasi dan meningkatnya kesadaran hak- hak warga negara.
Pemenuhan HAM dan Penghapusan Diskriminasi terhadap Orang Dengan Kusta dan Keluarganya
Authors: Prasetyo Stanley Adi
Published: April 2023

Di Indonesia penyakit kusta sejak  pertengahan 2000 sebetulnya dinyatakan telah tereliminasi. Tapi menurut laporan WHO pada 2008 Indonesia masih menempati peringkat  ke-3 sebagai negara  penyumbang penderita baru. Pada    2008    jumlah   penderita   baru yang  ditemukan berjumlah  17.441 orang.  Posisi ini menyusul India sebagai peringkat   pertama dan  Brazil sebagai peringkat  kedua negara  dengan jumlah penderita kusta terbanyak di dunia.
Eksplanasi Teoritik untuk Kebijakan Pro-Kesejahteraan di Indonesia
Authors: Mulyana Asep
Published: April 2023

Artikel  ini  berangkat  dari  fenomena  baru   yang   ditandai   dengan  munculnya kebijakan  pemerintah yang  fokus  pada  peningkatan kesejahteraan warga  miskin (welfare  policy).  Kelompok  warga  miskin  yang  selama  ini mengalami   eksklusi, baik secara  ekonomi,  sosial maupun politik, telah  menjadi  subjek  penting  dalam kebijakan   sosial  di  Indonesia.   Pemerintah  pusat   diikuti  beberapa  pemerintah daerah  di Indonesia  membangun  kebijakan-kebijakan sosial yang  berpihak  pada peningkatan kesejahteraan warga miskin. Namun demikian, hingga  kini belum ada eksplanasi  teoritik  yang  dapat  menjelaskan  secara  memadai  fenomena tersebut. Oleh  karena  itu, artikel ini bertendensi untuk  menemukan kerangka  teoritik yang mampu  memberi eksplanasi yang memuaskan atas fenomena tersebut.Artikel   ini   menggambarkan   kerangka    kerja   yang    disusun    oleh   Jayasuriya (2006) untuk menjelaskan  fenomena di atas. Menurut Jayasuriya, kebijakan prokesejahteraan di negara  berkembang lahir atas kebutuhan rezim neoliberalisme global untuk  mengintegrasikan kewargaan (citizenship)  ke dalam pasar.  Kebijakan pro-kesejahteraan difokuskan  untuk  meningkatkan kapabilitas  masyarakat miskin agar selaras dengan kebutuhan pasar.  Karena dibangun di atas fondasi kewargaan pasar  (market  citizenship)  semacam  itu,  dan  bukan  melalui pembentukan pakta sosial yang berlangsung dalam negosiasi yang alot antara  negara,  warga, dan pasar, maka kebijakan prokesejahteraan di Indonesia menunjukkan watak yang antipolitik dan  menonjolkan peran  agen  yang  aktif (elit populis).  Jauh  sebelum  wacana  ini berkembang, muncul  dilema-dilema  di mana  demokrasi  dan  kesejahteraan dinilai tidak  selalu  berdampingan.  Kesejahteraan yang  pernah   dicapai  oleh  rejim-rejim developmentalisme di Asia Timur menunjukkan bahwa  kesejahteraan dapat  dicapai melalui  tangan besi.  Artikel ini diharapkan memberikan   kontribusi  teoritik  baru tentang dilema yang sama pasca-rezim  developmentalisme.
ONLINE FOOD PURCHASE BEHAVIOR OF DHAKA CITY DWELLERS
Authors:   Institute of Business Administration, University of Dhaka, Fatima Kaniz
Published: April 2023

Online food shopping has grown in popularity over the past few years. Purchasing ready-to-eat food via an online platform provides consumers with an alternative to taking the hassle of cooking or going out, commuting, facing traffic, and reaching out to a restaurant for food, especially when they are very busy. Thus, online food purchase saves time and energy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the demographic factors that play role in shaping the online food purchase behavior of consumers. Data were collected through an online and offline survey. Descriptive analysis, independent samples t-test, oneway ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, multiple regression, Chisquare test of independence, and modal analysis are performed to explore the influence of demographic factors on expenditure, purchase frequency, and food type preference of the buyers. Findings suggest that consumers spend equally irrespective of their gender and profession. However, postgraduates spend the most buying food online. Moreover, the propensity to spend on online food increases with age and income. Males order online food at the same pace as females. The study discovers that youngsters, adolescents, private job holders, and consumers willing to spend more to buy online food, make purchases almost every week. Another interesting observation is that the respondents of all demographic profiles have a penchant for fast food. Nonetheless, more orders for fast food come from males, students, early adults (30-45 years), and high income groups than the other demographic segment. Food sector businesses must comprehend the demographic and behavioral factors that influence users’ tendency to buy food online. The results of this research can help them better understand consumers’ ready-to-eat food shopping behavior, maintain the loyalty of their customers, and outline unique business strategies consistent with consumer behavior and preferences and hence gain a competitive edge over other rivals.
Grief Walking in the Sandtray
Authors: Fraser Theresa
Published: April 2023

This article reviews the symptoms of grief and complicated grief that can be reported or observed by therapists as well as the importance of therapists addressing these grief experiences first in their own lives before witnessing and supporting the grief journey of others. The Sandtray Worldplay © (De Domenico, 2002) method of witnessing a sandtray will be reviewed and integrated with stages of grief walking. Grief walking is defined as the mutual experience of processing grief by witness and builder but is unique given the builder is leading the journey. A review of healing tools for sandtray grief walking is discussed.
Proposta de sinais-termo em Libras para áreas de saúde e biossegurança
Authors: Francisco Gildete da Silva Amorim Mendes , Castro Júnior Gláucio de , Campello Ana Regina e Souza , Bourguignon Saulo Cabral , Cardoso Fernanda Serpa
Published: April 2023

A Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) conta com poucos termos específicos nos campos da Ciências da Saúde e Biotecnologia. Além disso, verificam-se barreiras de comunicação e disseminação de grande parte dos sinais-termo nas áreas de saúde e biossegurança, bem como os novos sinais-termo surgidos durante a Pandemia de Covid-19. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um dos produtos de destaque da tese de doutorado de FRANCISCO – Glossário multilíngue ilustrado 2D –, material de grande relevância para a Comunidade Surda. A metodologia empregada foi realizada com base em uma pesquisa exploratória inicial sobre os materiais existentes em Libras e na área da Terminologia. Assim, a partir dos estudos e levantamentos realizados para identificar os sinais-termo mais utilizados nos ambientes de laboratórios da área de saúde, foram selecionados 98 (noventa e oito) sinais-termo como etapa fundamental para elaboração das fichas terminológicas que compõem o referido glossário multilíngue. A ferramenta terminológica elaborada nesta pesquisa demonstra grande relevância para o meio científico e acadêmico, principalmente para a Comunidade Surda, contribuindo na disseminação de conteúdos atuais com potenciais riscos à saúde e à segurança das pessoas, presentes cada vez mais no cotidiano da sociedade. FRANCISCO, Gildete da S. Amorim Mendes. Glossário multilíngue de sinais-termo: materiais e recursos na área de biossegurança. Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências e Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). Niterói/RJ, 2022.
ПОНЯТИЙНЫЕ ПРИЗНАКИ В СТРУКТУРЕ КОНЦЕПТА СВЕКРОВЬ В РУССКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРЕ
Authors:   Кыргызский государственный университет им. И. Арабаева, г. Бишкек, Республика Кыргызстан, Ибраимова Г.О.
Published: April 2023

Цель статьи – определить и описать понятийные признаки концепта свекровь и способы их актуализации в русской языковой картине мира. Задачи статьи: 1. На основе девяти словарей русского языка и Национального корпуса русского языка выявить понятийные признаки концепта свекровь; 2. Проиллюстрировать найденные понятийные признаки концепта свекровь примерами из языкового материала. Актуальность проведенного исследования состоит в обращении к теме структур концептов родства. Научная новизна работы заключается в первом опыте описания понятийных признаков концепта свекровь. В период XX – XXI вв. в структуре концепта свекровь отмечен 21 понятийный признак: ‘баба’, ‘бабушка’, ‘большуха’, ‘вмешательство’, ‘всех’, ‘жена’, ‘женщина’, ‘мать’, ‘мужа’, ‘невестка’, ‘по отношению к жене сына’, ‘кровь’, ‘прабабка’, ‘родня’, ‘свекор’, ‘своя’, ‘сноха’, ‘старая’, ‘старшие’, ‘сын’, ‘хозяйка’. Два мотивирующие признака: ‘вспыхивать’ и ‘искриться’ не сохранились в структуре изучаемого концепта – они не обнаружены ни в словарях данного периода, ни в языковом материале из Национального корпуса русского языка. Ключевые слова: концепт, структура концепта, понятийные признаки, лингвокультура, концептология, языковая картина мира.
ЖОВАННИ БОККАЧЧОНЫҢ «ДЕКАМЕРОН» НОВЕЛЛАЛАР ЖИНАҒЫ
Authors:   «Ш.Есенов атындағы Каспий технологиялар және инжиниринг университеті» КЕАҚ, Ақтау қаласы, Қобланов Ж.Т. , Карымсакова Б.Ә. ,   «Ш.Есенов атындағы Каспий технологиялар және инжиниринг университеті» КЕАҚ, Ақтау қаласы
Published: April 2023

Мақала итальян әдебиетіндегі Жованни Боккаччоның «Декамерон» новеллалар жинағының маңызын пайымдауға арналған. Қайта өрлеу дәуіріндегі итальян әдебиеті Жованни Боккаччо новеллаларының мысалында қарастырылады. Новеллалар жинағы авторының сол дәуірде «назарға лайық емес» деп келген заманагөй новелла жанрын жоғары даму сатысына көтергендігі, оның реалистік және демократиялық бағытының айқындығы нақты мысалдар арқылы талданады. «Декамерон» жинағына енген новеллалардың идеялық бағытын, кейіпкерлерді суреттеудегі қаламгер шеберлігін, өзіне тән ерекшеліктерін саралау арқылы сол кезең әдебиетіндегі жазушының өзіне тән қасиеттерін жоққа шығаратын, хикаялардағы халықшылдық рухқа және реалистік дамуға кедергі болған, табиғат пен адамның қадір-қасиетіне дұшпан, шынайы өмірді мойындамайтын діни-аскетизм саясатына қарсы сыни көзқарасты бағалауға талпыныс жасалады. Мақалада сонымен қатар Жованни Боккаччоның «Декамерон» жинағының өзінен кейінгі әдебиетке тигізген әсері де пайымдалған. Кілт сөздер: новелла, христиан шіркеуі, кейпкер, халық ауыз әдебиеті, реалистік характер, романтикалық рух.
FOUNDATION AND MODERNIZATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Aktobe, Sadykova S. A. , Tarassenko M. Yu. ,   Aktobe regional university named after K. Zhubanov, Aktobe
Published: April 2023

In the article was presented an analysis of modern trends in foreign language education. The purpose of this study is to trace the path from the initial steps to the modern methods used in education. The development of the processes was based on the development of information technologies and their integration into the spheres of human activity. The introduction of national standards, an international system for language education were touched upon in the article. It was made a comparative analysis of functions and trends stated at the beginning of FL education foundation and their further modernization. Key words: teaching a foreign language, foreign language education, educational modernization, standardization of education, modern processes, multilingualism, teaching technologies, education trends.
STUDENTS’ INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: ARBA MINCH AND HAWASSA UNIVERSITIES IN FOCUS
Authors: Tesfaye Alemayehu  , Anteneh Tsegaye
Published: April 2023

This study aimed at investigating major challenges of students’ interpersonal communications and its impact on students’ academic performance at higher education institutions focusing on Arba Minch and Hawassa Universities. It identified major challenges of students’ interpersonal relationships, its impact over students’ academic life and ways of managing disputes among students at higher education institutions. Data were collected using questionnaire and in-depth interview from the target groups selected by random sampling method. The analyzed data illustrated that students understood and valued interpersonal communication in their life. Ethno-centrism, language, culture and religious differences were identified as serious challenges for students’ interpersonal relationships. Moreover, students’ attitude about university life and family’s orientation were also causes of tensions among students. Students’ interpersonal relationships also had impact over their academic life at university. In order to alleviate the challenges, orienting students about the unique and diversified university life was indispensable. Furthermore, creating and widening opportunities for students to share their cultures and experiences was also essential. In addition, promoting multilingualism also assists students’ interaction. Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, higher education, students, interpersonal relationship, academic performance, challenges, attitude
Whether a Matter can be referred for Arbitration in the Absence of Arbitration Clause or Agreement?
Authors: Khan Tariq , Thakkar Ruhi
Published: April 2023

Arbitration has a similar structure to that of litigation but the fundamental difference between arbitration and litigation lies in the fact that the former owes its existence to an arbitration clause or an arbitration agreement. An arbitration agreement is the written agreement between the parties, to submit their existing, or future disputes or differences, to arbitration, Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd vs. Canara Bank.
CONVERGENCE OF BLOCK CHAIN AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: V.P Senthil
Published: April 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain have recently been two of the most popular topics. Artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain are two of the most trending innovations that would radically alter how we live, function, and communicate. The author attempts to understand the fundamentals of block chain and artificial intelligence, as well as why these technologies are so common, and what technical revolutions these two technologies will bring together. Like for every coin, there are two sides and this technology has certain drawbacks, flaws, and security concerns, which the author has discussed briefly.
PREVENTION MECHANISM OF YOUTH CRIME
Authors: Rahi Riddhi
Published: April 2023

Juvenile delinquency is the term used to depict the criminal demonstrations of the criminal guilty parties who are not major for example under 18 and to examine the current situation of the adolescent wrongdoing the exploration is finished. This exploration plans to investigate the instructive foundation of the reprobates alongside the family foundation and their financial status which influences the adolescents or which brings about the wrongdoing among adolescents. Juvenile delinquency ranks among the top concerns when it comes to youth. The main purpose of prevention programs is to suppress juvenile and youth offences, to help street kids take part in idealistic self-examination and structure uplifting outlooks. In this paper, we review the causes and effects of juvenile delinquency as well as all possible explanations that have contributed to delinquent behavior. The second major section focuses on what can be the possible preventive measure to deal with the rising crime rate. Section 3 covers the responsibilities and possible responses to juvenile offenders in the future. In the last section, we examine the current laws and analysis of prevention approaches already present, based on the latest reviews of the case study and its implications.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT MACHING UNTUK MENGAMANKAN DATA RAHASIA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Turkhamun Adi Kurniawan  , Wahyudi Syahputra
Published: April 2023

Keamanan data merupakan hal yang sangat penting,dimana dibutuhkan sebuah keamanan dalam transaksi data secara online terutama pada surat- surat penting perusahaan yang hanya diperuntukan untuk internalperusahaan, bukan untuk publik. Pertukaran data dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dan cepat sehingga menjadi sangat rentan terhadap penyalahgunaan dari pihak yang tidak berwenang, dengan ini maka dibutuhkan suatu solusi untuk mengamankan surat-surat penting perusahaan. Keamanan tersebut berupa aplikasi dengan Metodesteganografi menggunakan Least Significant Bit Matching (LSBM) sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengamankan surat- surat penting perusahaan. Pengguna juga dapat meng encrypt dan decrypt