bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AR-GE HARCAMALARI İLE BÜYÜME ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: TÜRKİYE ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: DERELİ Deniz Dilara , SALĞAR Uğur
Published: July 2019

Küreselleşme sürecinde ortaya çıkan yeni ekonomik düzen içerisinde gerçekleştirilen Ar-Ge faaliyetleri ile özellikle katma değeri yüksek ürünlerin üretiminde artış sağlanması mümkün olmaktadır. Bu nedenle Ar-Ge’ye ayrılan paylar ve yapılan harcamalar büyümenin gerçekleşmesinde ve hızlanmasında önemli bir etken olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin Ar-Ge harcamaları ile büyüme performansı arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaçla 1990-2015 döneminde Türkiye’deki Ar-Ge harcamaları ile gayri safi yurt içi hasıla verileri ele alınmıştır. Johansen eşbütünleşme analizi ile uzun dönemde Ar-Ge harcamaları ile büyüme arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Ar-Ge harcamaları ile büyüme arasında karşılıklı bir nedensellik ilişkisine ulaşılmıştır.
KAMU ÖZEL SEKTÖR ORTAKLIĞI VE KREDİ YURTLAR KURUMU UYGULAMASI: ÇANAKKALE İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KENANOĞLU Mehmet Emin
Published: July 2019

Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modeli kamu yatırımlarından kaynaklanan maliyetlerin azaltılması, özel sektörün konforunun kamu hizmetinde yaşatılması, riskin etkin dağıtılması, devletin sunacağı mal ve hizmetlerin yapım işlerinin bütçe yetersizliği nedeniyle ertelenmesinin veya yapılamamasının önüne geçmesi gibi birçok fayda doğurmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modeli ile kiralanan Kredi Yurtlar Kurumu yurtlarındaki durum incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi olarak derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını, Çanakkale ilindeki Kredi Yurtlar Kurumu yurtlarının yöneticileri oluşturmaktadır. Yöneticiler ile yapılan görüşmeler neticesinde Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modeli ile kiralanan yurtların özellikleri, nitelikleri, ortaya çıkardığı etkileri, olumlu ve olumsuz yanları gibi durumların ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Literatürde yurt yapımında Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı modelinin kullanılmasını konu alan spesifik bir çalışmanın olmaması ise çalışmanın önemini arttırmaktadır.

Anahtar Sözcükler           : Kamu Özel Sektör Ortaklığı, Kredi Yurtlar Kurumu, Çanakkale.

JEL Kodları                      : H20, H52.
Współczesne zagrożenia demokracji – aspekt prawny
Authors: Wiatrowski Piotr
Published: July 2019

The article discusses legal aspects of threats to liberal democracy. Of particular significance among them are rulers’ disrespect for general legal principles and prioritising the will of the sovereign over those principles. Other threats include election results being distorted by election law, elected representatives overreaching their powers, reinforcing political parties and executive powers at the expense of the legislature, lobbying and excessive influence for wealthy elites, the financing of political parties by those elites and an exaggerated focus on the leader of the party. The article also discusses the demographic deficit in the European Union. That deficit takes up around 2/3 of Member States’ legislative competences and poses a threat of interference in the elective process by third countries.
Leviathan and Woman – Pateman on Hobbes’s Standpoint
Authors: Guczalska Katarzyna
Published: July 2019

Carole Pateman is well known in several fields of research: the ideas of democracy, the problem of political obligation and criticism of liberalism. Her political theory also belongs to the feminist tradition. In this domain, Pateman posits a mutual dependence between patriarchy and social contract. To substantiate that hypothesis, she analyses and re-evaluates classical political thinking, including the ideas of Thomas Hobbes. The author of Leviathan holds an original standpoint on the question of women and cogently links their social role to the construction of the overall political system. In Pateman’s view, modern patriarchalism can be traced back to Hobbes’ thinking. This article presents an interpretation of how, and in particular Hobbes’s views on women and on how his political theory guarantees the validity and universality of patriarchal law.
IKBT: Solving Symbolic Inverse Kinematics with Behavior Tree
Authors: Zhang Dianmu , Hannaford Blake
Published: July 2019

Inverse kinematics solves the problem of how to control robot arm joints to achieve desired end effector positions, which is critical to any robot arm design and implementations of control algorithms. It is a common misunderstanding that closed-form inverse kinematics analysis is solved. Popular software and algorithms, such as gradient descent or any multi-variant equations solving algorithm, claims solving inverse kinematics but only on the numerical level. While the numerical inverse kinematics solutions are relatively straightforward to obtain, these methods often fail, due to dependency on specific numerical values, even when the inverse kinematics solutions exist. Therefore, closed-form inverse kinematics analysis is superior, but there is no generalized automated algorithm. Up till now, the high-level logical reasoning involved in solving closed-form inverse kinematics made it hard to automate, so it's handled by human experts. We developed IKBT, a knowledge-based intelligent system that can mimic human experts' behaviors in solving closed-from inverse kinematics using Behavior Tree. Knowledge and rules used by engineers when solving closed-from inverse kinematics are encoded as actions in Behavior Tree. The order of applying these rules is governed by higher level composite nodes, which resembles the logical reasoning process of engineers. It is also the first time that the dependency of joint variables, an important issue in inverse kinematics analysis, is automatically tracked in graph form. Besides generating closed-form solutions, IKBT also explains its solving strategies in human (engineers) interpretable form. This is a proof-of-concept of using Behavior Trees to solve high-cognitive problems.
Planning for waste minimisation and resource efficiency in HS2
Authors: Lippitt Paul , Dunwoody Andrew , Charlson Andrea
Published: July 2019

High Speed 2 (HS2) will be the new backbone of Britain's rail network. Phase 1 will be Europe's biggest construction project, creating 230 km of new railway, and will provide significant challenges in waste management, not least the production of approximately 130 Mt of excavated material. HS2 Ltd has developed an Environmental Policy which includes a commitment to ‘Source and make efficient use of sustainable materials, maximise the proportion of material diverted from landfill and reduce waste’. HS2 Ltd has acted to deliver on these commitments through a number of initiatives which are described, including: exemplary contractual waste-diversion targets; resource efficiency workshops; pre-demolition audits, including salvage audits for affected heritage assets; optimising on-site and off-site reuse of excavated material; development of contractor guidance on maximising the reuse of felled timber and development of a material-efficiency metric. This paper provides a synopsis of the approach taken by HS2 Ltd to date.
HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KENDİ KENDİNE MEME MUAYENESİNİ BİLME VE UYGULAMA DURUMLARININ BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: HÖBEK AKARSU Rukiye , YÜZER ALSAÇ Selda
Published: July 2019

Amaç:
Tanımlayıcı türde olan bu çalışma hemşirelik öğrencilerin Kendi Kendine Meme
Muayenesi (KKMM) bilme ve uygulama durumlarını ve etkileyen faktörleri
belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntem:
Çalışmanın örneklemini İç Anadolu Bölgesinde bir üniversitenin hemşirelik
bölümüne kayıtlı 219 öğrenci oluşturdu. Verilerin toplanması için
araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taranarak oluşturulan anket formu
kullanılmıştır. Verilerin bilgisayar ortamında değerlendirildi. Verilerin
değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde dağılımları ve Chi-kare testi kullanıldı.

Bulgular:
Öğrencilerin %49.3’ünün KKMM bildiği, bu öğrencilerin de %12.1’inin düzenli
olarak KKMM yaptığı saptandı. Çalışmamaya katılan öğrencilerin yaklaşık
yarısının KKKMM bilmekte ancak çok azı KKMM uygulamaktadır.

Sonuç:
Öğrencilerin bazı sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları KKMM bilme ve uygulama
durumlarını etkilememektedir.
Traumatic Popliteal and Infrapopliteal Arterial Injuries (Findings, Risk Factors and Treatment)
Authors: AKAR İlker
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE:
Limb loss following popliteal and infrapopliteal traumatic arterial  injury has serious implications on the
patient’s life and functionality. The
objective of this study is to review popliteal and infrapopliteal arterial
injuries treated in our clinic retrospectively.MATERIAL
AND METHODS: Between January
2012 and November 2018;  30 patients whom
underwent emergency surgery due to traumatic popliteal and infrapopliteal
arterial injuries were analyzed.  RESULTS: There were  27 (90%) males and 3 (10%) females. The
mechanism of injuries was stab wounds in 43% of the cases (Group 1), had
gunshot wounds in 23,3% (Group 2) and  blunt trauma in 33.3% (Group 3). The mean MESS
score was 3.90 in all cases, while it was 3.15±1.57 in
Group 1,  4±0.82
in Group 2 and 4.8±1.32 in Group 3. All 3 cases of amputation were resulted
from blunt trauma. A shorter length of hospitalization was observed in patients
with stab wounds  compared to other
injury types (p<0.001).  Primary
repair  was performed in 8 (20.5%),
reverse saphenous vein interposition in 20 (51.2%), and ligation was in 11
cases (28.2%). Compartment syndrome was developed in one patient in Group 1, 4
patients in Group 2 and 1 in Group 3. Three patients undergoing amputation were
in group 3.

CONCLUSION: It is important to provide accurate and
rapid diagnosis by physical examination and appropriate imaging methods and to
provide revascularization by appropriate methods and to perform fasciotomy,
when necessary, in order to save the patient and related  extremity.
Visseral adipozite indeksi ile koroner arter hastalığı arasındaki ilişki
Authors: TURAN Yasar , DEMİR Vahit
Published: July 2019

Amaç: Koroner
arter hastalığı (KAH) tüm dünyada morbidite ve mortalitenin önemli bir
nedenidir. KAH riski açısından visseral adipozite, tek başına kilo
fazlalığından daha değerli bir göstergedir. Biz bu çalışmada, tanı amaçlı
elektif koroner anjiyografi yapılan hastalarda visseral adipozite indeksi (VAİ)
ile KAH varlığı ve ciddiyeti arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.Yöntem: Bu
retrospektif çalışmada, kliniğimizde Ocak 2018 – Aralık 2018 tarihleri arasında
tanısal koroner anjiyografi uygulanan 120 hastanın verileri kullanıldı. Koroner
anjiyografiler geriye dönük olarak incelendi. En az bir koroner arterinde %50
ve üzerinde darlığı olan hastalar KAH grubuna (n=75), belirgin koroner darlığı
olmayan hastalar (n=45) kontrol grubuna alındı. Hastaların demografik
özellikleri, boy, kilo, bel çevreleri ve tetkik sonuçları kaydedildi. VAİ
skorları kadın ve erkek hastalar için ayrı ayrı hesaplandı.Bulgular: Kontrol
grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, açlık serum glukoz (p=0.025) ve VAİ (p = 0.014)
KAH grubunda anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. KAH grubunda SYNTAX skoru, açlık
glukoz (p = 0.011), trigliserid (p = 0.048) ve VAİ (p=0.003) ile pozitif olarak
korele idi. Çok değişkenli doğrusal regresyon analizinde, açlık serum glukozu (p=0.012) ve VAİ (p =0.008)
SYNTAX
skorunun bağımsız prediktörü olarak tespit edildi. Sonuç: Koroner
arter hastalığının takibinde değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi
ve yönetimi çok önemlidir. Basit bir skorlama olan VAİ,  KAH riskini belirlemek için kullanışlı bir
yöntem olabilir.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Koroner
arter hastalığı; Obezite; Visseral adipozite
Do Central Banks' Forecasts Take into Account Public Opinion and Views?
Authors: Nunes Ricardo
Published: July 2019

The Federal Reserve through the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) regularly releases macroeconomic forecasts to the general public and the US congress with the purpose of explaining the likely evolution of the economy and the appropriate stance of monetary policy. Immediately before doing so, the FOMC receives a forecast produced by the Federal Reserve staff which remains private for five years. The literature has pointed out that, despite the informational advantage of the FOMC, its forecast differs from and is not always more accurate than the staff forecast. This finding has raised concerns regarding the loss of relevant information and the usefulness of the FOMC forecasts. This paper brings evidence that the FOMC forecast also incorporates other publicly available forecasts and views, and that the weight attributed to public forecasts is larger than what is optimal given a mean squared error objective. These findings are consistent with i) the institutional role of the FOMC in being representative of a variety of public views, ii) the academic literature recommendation to use equal weights and not to overfit specific forecasts based on past performance. The statistical model can also account for several empirical regularities of the forecasts.
Teams with lower injury rates have greater success in the Currie Cup rugby union competition
Authors: Starling L
Published: July 2019

Background: Professional football teams that rank high on the log at the end of the season generally have fewer injuries than teams that rank lower on the log. This highlights the importance of implementing injury prevention measures, not only to protect player welfare and ensure their longevity in the sport, but also to improve the performance of the team. The association between a low incidence of injury and superior performance during a season may be even more relevant in sports with a higher incidence of injury than football, such as rugby union. 

Discussion: To examine this association in the South African Currie Cup rugby union competition, time-loss (≥ 1 day training/match play missed) injury data and final position in the competition was examined over five-seasons. Teams who ranked in 1st position had significantly lower average injury rates than teams who ranked in last position [48 injuries per 1 000 player hours (95% C.I 20 to 76) vs 130 injuries per 1 000 player hours (95% C.I 79 to 180)]. More specifically, the team with the lowest injury rate in each season ranked in 1st or 2nd position. This team performance aspect of injury prevention should be highlighted more. In particular, this should be used to assist with communicating the importance of injury prevention programmes to stakeholders directly involved with budgetary allocations in the team.
Determination and use of feasible operation region in flash distillation control
Authors: Morales Rodelo Keidy Luz , Alvarez Zapata Hernán Darío
Published: July 2019

Flash distillation is essentially a single stage mass transfer operation. The flash distillation operation is used in this work to highlight the importance of identifying the zone where a system has an appropriate behavior. In this sense, this paper presents a discussion about the use of the feasible operation region (FOR) in the design of process control structures. For this reason, three control structures are presented. The first one is the traditional one, a PID multiloop control structure. The second structure uses the FOR graphically in order to determine a better operation point and improve the control response. Finally, the third structure uses the FOR numerically for guiding the controller using a modified control structure. The improvement of the closed loop operation of the flash using the last control structure is notorious when compared with the traditional control structure.
La presencia de buques de guerra y su impacto en la península de Baja California, siglos XIX-XX
Authors: Núñez Tapia Francisco Alberto
Published: July 2019

La intervención de distintos buques militares en Baja California a causa de los movimientos filibusteros en la región detonó la especulación de una posible intervención extranjera en la península por la vía marítima, desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX hasta las primeras décadas del XX, por ser la manera más práctica de tomar desprevenida a la población asentada en las costas y tener líneas de suministros seguras con el exterior. Por ello se debe analizar a fondo el papel que jugaron los buques durante estos conflictos armados en la península bajacaliforniana para conocer su verdadero impacto y evidenciar de esta manera la importancia del transporte marítimo en el desarrollo económico y social de la entidad al estudiar la historia marítima de Baja California.
Picture Power? The Contribution of Visuals and Text to Partisan Selective Exposure
Authors: Powell Thomas E. , Van der Meer Toni G. L. A. , Peralta Carlos Brenes
Published: July 2019

Today’s high-choice media environment allows citizens to select news in line with their political preferences and avoid content counter to their priors. So far, however, selective exposure research has exclusively studied news selection based on textual cues, ignoring the recent proliferation of visual media. This study aimed to identify the contribution of visuals alongside text in selective exposure to pro-attitudinal, counter-attitudinal and balanced content. Using two experiments, we created a social media-style newsfeed with news items comprising matching and non-matching images and headlines about the contested issues of immigration and gun control in the U.S. By comparing selection behavior of participants with opposing prior attitudes on these topics, we pulled apart the contribution of images and headlines to selective exposure. Findings show that headlines play a far greater role in guiding selection, with the influence of images being minimal. The additional influence of partisan source cues is also considered.
Partisan Selective Exposure in Times of Political and Technological Upheaval: A Social Media Field Experiment
Authors: Mothes Cornelia , Ohme Jakob
Published: July 2019

Contemporary democracies are increasingly shaped by a surge of populism, posing serious threats to the idea of liberal democracy. Particularly in the run-up to elections, knowledge of such threats is essential for citizens to cast an informed vote. Against this background, the present study examined the likelihood of media users to engage with political news providing critical perspectives on populist movements in a 24-hour social media field experiment during the 2017 federal election campaign in Germany (N = 210). Based on two selective exposure measures, findings suggest that exposure to critical news is contingent upon the conceptualization of populist partisanship as a political orientation of either high commitment (i.e., voting intention) or high affinity (i.e., sympathy for a party). While high commitment triggered a rather classic confirmation bias, especially regarding click decisions, high affinity caused selection patterns to be more strongly guided by informational utility, particularly during newsfeed browsing, with counter-attitudinal information receiving more attention. When public sentiment cues were present, however, attitudinal patterns disappeared. These findings imply that partisan news use in times of political upheaval is best gauged by taking a closer look at the particular type of partisanship that guides selective exposure, as both types of partisanship caused contrary exposure patterns, and that today’s news environments potentially override attitudinal influences by providing additional social monitoring cues.
INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES: MEASUREMENT AND EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION
Authors: Trachuk A. V. , Linder N. V.
Published: July 2019

The paper considers the indicators and multi-scale assessment of innovative activity of industrial companies. The research methodology consistently includes the analysis of the factors of innovative activity; collection and analysis of information about the indicators for assessing the innovative activity of industrial enterprises taking into account the defined factors of innovative activity; compiling of the short and aggregated lists of indicators for assessing the innovation activity taking into account the determined factors; defining an aggregate indicator of the innovative activity of an industrial enterprise. To define the aggregate indicator of the innovative activity we analysed the published reports of 57 companies, which have been the leaders in the industrial sectors for the last 15 years. Moreover, we analysed 40 scholarly publications focused on the assessment of the innovative activities and interviewed 16 experts, which are heads of large industrial companies. In addition, we analysed key performance indicators (KPI) of innovative activity recommended by the American Productivity & Quality Center (APQC). As a result of the research, we have proposed a methodology of the multi-scale assessment of the innovative activity of industrial companies. We have selected 5 key performance indicators to calculate the integral indicator. Furthermore, we have developed an algorithm to calculate the integral indicator of innovative activity. In addition to the integral indicator, we recommend to use 3 indicative values, which influence the integral indicator: a) comprehensive indicator of the development of scientific research, research institutes, academic organisations, technology platforms, per cent; b) number of proposals to generate new technologies, technical and technological solutions from affiliated companies over the year; c) number of new competences acquired by a company from innovative activities.The production of this integral indicator of the innovative activity will allow to the industrial enterprises a more informative assessment of their innovative activities and innovation behaviour transformations.
FIDUCIARY GAME RULES AND THE GOVERNANCE NATURE IN THE COMPANY
Authors: Lutsenko S. I.
Published: July 2019

The author considers features of relationships between the fiduciary (management, board of director) and shareholders (beneficiaries). The nature of fiduciary relations is connected with «a critical resource» (assets) of the beneficiary.  In the company economic interests of various participants (shareholders, management) face. Delegation discretion the shareholder to the management will allow to build together with the shareholder effective economic strategy of the company, under condition of execution of fiduciary duties. The management possesses administrative immunity within the limits of application of the business judgment rule. Actions of the management at transaction fulfilment should have real character, possess economic sense, a rationality and to promote achievement of economic benefit in the form of increase to shareholder value. The special attention is given to the fiduciary nature of interaction. Imposing of fiduciary duties on the management allows the beneficiary to protect the company from destruction of shareholder value. The shareholder should specify such game rules that the management was unable break them or, at least, cost of their infringement would be above reception of personal benefit. Fiduciary principles allow to soften the conflict between management and the shareholder. Besides, the fiduciary mechanism possesses a preventive element, keeping the company from destruction. The given obligation of loyalty protects resources of the shareholder from wrongful acts from the management. Fiduciary principles allow to balance economic interests between a management and shareholders.
MULTIVARIATE MODEL OF ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors: Abdikeev N. M. , Bogachev Yu. S. , Losev A. A. , Tolkachev S. A.
Published: July 2019

A multifactor mathematical model for analyzing and evaluating the competitiveness of socio-economic systems has been developed. A review of the definitions of the concept of competitiveness used by various international institutions. According to the results of the review, the concepts of competitiveness, used in the present work, were formulated to identify the factors affecting it. A methodology for assessing competitiveness has been developed based on the analysis of the influence of four factors on it, characterized by 32 statistical indicators and corresponding significance indices. For the practical implementation of this technique developed a mathematical model. We analyzed the competitiveness of six regions of the Federation, representing six federal districts. The main directions of improving competitiveness for each subject of the Federation.
In vitro model of the glial scar
Authors: Fang Ao , Hao Zhiyan , Wang Ling , Li Dichen , He Jiankang , Gao Lin , Mao Xinggang , Paz Rubén
Published: July 2019

The trauma of central nervous system (CNS) can lead to glial scar, and it can limit the regeneration of neurons at the injured area, which is considered to be a major factor affecting the functional recovery of patients with CNS injury. At present, the study of the glial scar model in vitro is still limited to two-dimensional culture, and the state of the scar in vivo cannot be well mimicked. Therefore, we use a collagen gel and astrocytes to construct a three-dimensional (3D) model in vitro to mimic natural glial scar tissue. The effects of concentration changes of astrocytes on cell morphology, proliferation, and tissue performance were investigated. After 8 days of culture in vitro, the results showed that the tissue model contracted, with a measured shrinkage rate of 4.5%, and the compressive elastic modulus increased to nearly 4 times. Moreover, the astrocytes of the 3D tissue model have the ability of proliferation, hyperplasia, and formation of scar clusters. It indicates that the model we constructed has the characteristics of glial scar tissue to some extent and can provide an in vitro model for the research of glial scar and brain diseases.
A study on nutritional status and environmental conditions of school children residing in social welfare hostels in urban area of a South Indian city
Authors: Dimmala Chandrashekharvaraprasadrao , Burra Kalyanchakravarthy
Published: July 2019

Background: Nutrition plays a vital role, as inadequate nutrition during childhood may lead to malnutrition, growth retardation, reduced work capacity and poor mental and social development. The school age period is nutritionally significant so this study aims is to evaluate the present scenario of nutritional status and environmental conditions of schedule caste school children residing in social welfare hostels.Methods: A community-based cross sectional study was taken up in 9 social welfare hostels in urban Vijayawada city. 312 students were studied in a period of one year, from October 2012 to October 2013. Nutritional status of children was assessed by anthropometric measurements viz BMI, Hb levels. Environmental conditions of the hostel were assessed after thorough inspection of all the environmental conditions. Data was analysed using SPSSv20.Results: Prevalence of underweight was more in boys compared to girls with (27.9%) of boys with grade III thiness as compared to (11.50%) of girls and overall prevalence of underweight of 39.1% in boys as compared to 31.1% girls. Overall prevalence of anaemia was found out to be 97.7% with girls 53.5% and 44.2% in boys. Overcrowding is seen in all the hostels studied. All the rooms are adequately ventilated, and lighting was adequate. Sanitation is found to be satisfactory.Conclusions: This study found out that prevalence of anaemia (97.7%) and malnourishment was high in majority of school children in social welfare hostels.
Relação entre Sintomas Depressivos e Esperança Cognitiva em Universitários
Authors: Cohen Emilly Barbosa , Costa Ariela Raissa Lima , Ambiel Rodolfo Augusto Matteo
Published: July 2019

Os universitários se encontram no grupo de vulnerabilidade ao transtorno depressivo por sofrerem diferentes estressores durante o curso (ex: lidar com novas regras de ensino, prazos de entregas de trabalhos) e devido as grandes modificações no processo de entrar na vida adulta. Um aspecto que pode contribuir para a atenuação de sintomas depressivos é o nível de esperança dos alunos, pois relaciona-se ao planejamento a longo prazo e uma perspectiva positiva da vida. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre sintomas depressivos e esperança cognitiva em universitários. Os instrumentos usados foram a Escala Baptista de Depressão – Adultos (EBADEP-A) e a Escala de Esperança Cognitiva (The Hope Index). Os participantes foram 118 alunos de engenharia, sendo 80,5% homens (M = 20 anos; DP= 4,2 anos), ingressantes e concluintes, de uma universidade particular de uma cidade do interior de São Paulo. As respostas dos participantes foram avaliadas por meio do teste t de Student e d de Cohen, a comparação foi realizada entre sexo e alunos ingressantes e concluintes. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que alunos ingressantes possuem mais esperança que os concluintes, sem diferença entre sexo e quanto maior a esperança há menos presença de sintomas depressivos.
Representações Sociais Elaboradas por Postulantes sobre Adoção Convencional e Adoção Tardia
Authors: Ferreira Pinto de Albuquerque Leonam Amitaf , Xavier de Albuquerque Souza Andréa , Silva Josevânia
Published: July 2019

Este estudo objetivou apreender as representações sociais de adotantes sobre Adoção convencional e Adoção tardia. Trata-se de estudo exploratório, transversal, com abordagem qualitativa, subsidiado pela Teoria das Representações Sociais. Participaram da pesquisa seis postulantes à adoção. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de coleta de dados um questionário sóciodemográfico e uma entrevista em profundidade. Os dados foram analisados através da Análise de Conteúdo, conforme perspectiva de Bardin. Os resultados evidenciaram 04 categorias, 20 subcategorias e 313 unidades temáticas. As categorias foram abrangidas por duas classes temáticas: Adoção convencional e Adoção tardia. A representação social sobre Adoção tardia ancorou-se em diversos critérios de definição, o que resultou em menor homogeneidade nos conteúdos referentes a esse tipo de adoção. Em geral, os postulantes posicionaram-se de modo favorável à modalidade convencional de adoção e contrário à modalidade tardia. Prevaleceram representações sociais ancoradas numa cultura tradicional de adoção que restringe as práticas adotivas e influencia a padronização do perfil adotivo.
Problemas de Conduta em Crianças e Adolescentes: Evidências no Brasil
Authors: Welter Wendt Guilherme , Koller Silvia
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura nacional sobre Transtornos Disruptivos, do Controle de Impulsos e da Conduta (TDCID) entre crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Após a consideração dos critérios de inclusão, de exclusão e busca manual nas referências dos artigos, dez estudos foram revisados. Cinco foram do tipo estudo de caso, quatro assumiram a forma de delineamento transversal e apenas um teve o delineamento naturalístico. Dentre os TDCID, o Transtorno de Conduta foi o mais prevalente, tanto em amostras clínicas como não-clínicas. Houve elevada ocorrência de comorbidade entre os TDCID e transtornos afetivos, de aprendizagem e uso de substâncias. Todavia, dado o montante de investigações disponível atualmente, não foi possível descrever, com precisão, acerca dos possíveis fatores desenvolvimentais de mudança e continuidade em relação aos TDCID entre crianças e adolescentes do Brasil. Salienta-se, assim, acerca da necessidade de realização de novos estudos, utilizando múltiplos desenhos de pesquisa, com vistas a melhor caracterizar fatores de risco e de proteção associados aos transtornos avaliados.
The ethical-normative lack in Brazilian regulation of assisted reproductive techniques: the instrumentalization of human embryos for medical-scientistic knowledge through Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: Eler Kalline Carvalho Gonçalves
Published: July 2019

This paper pursues a better interpretation of the new reproductive technologies by making a counterpoint to the scientistic bias of bills being processed in the country that excels in defending the interests of professionals, especially in clinics and laboratories, disregarding the new person generated. The social and scientific relevance of the subject is to reflect on the necessity of attention and caution in the implementation of the new technologies for breeding. Today, technological advancement is closely tied to the means of acquiring power and lacks evaluative constructs. There is a risk of disrespecting constitutional rights. The primary objective of this research is to seek a new valuation of human, social and juristic scientific and technological innovations in the field of assisted reproduction. To attain this end, we will adopt the content analysis methodology, taking as theoretical framework the concept of person developed by Robert Spaemann.
Bioética y nuevas fronteras de la genética, Manuel Ruiz de Chávez y Raúl Jiménez Piña (coordinadores), México: Fontamara-Conbioética, 2018.
Authors: Ortíz-Millán Gustavo
Published: July 2019

La historia de la genética es relativamente reciente, pero es una historia de cambios acelerados que han obligado a que a cada paso nos cuestionemos sobre las opciones éticas que se nos presentan. Aunque se hicieron avances en genética desde que Mendel inauguró la disciplina, podemos situar el inicio de la genética contemporánea —la genética molecular— con el descubrimiento de la estructura del ADN por Watson y Crick en 1953. En los siguientes años, la genética verá el desarrollo de técnicas para secuenciar el código genético humano. En la década de 1960 el eje central de la investigación en genética fue la regulación de la expresión de los genes, que ya en los años 70 se pudo controlar y manipular. Pasamos entonces a la era de la genómica, que sin duda tiene su momento estelar en 2003 cuando Craig Venter y Francis Collins anunciaron que habían completado la secuencia del genoma humano. La genética ha seguido avanzando desde entonces en la dirección de la edición genética, es decir, en la capacidad de modificar el código genético para que un organismo presente rasgos genéticos específicos. Todo esto, particularmente la edición genética, nos ha dado un poder inmenso para modificar el mundo natural —finalmente, todos los seres vivos compartimos la misma estructura genética básica, el ADN, y todos nuestros genes son susceptibles de ser modificados—. Así, por un lado, nos ha dado el poder de modificar plantas y animales y de crear organismos genéticamente modificados o transgénicos; por otro lado, el poder de prevenir y tratar enfermedades, de influir sobre la reproducción, así como de modificar y mejorar rasgos genéticos de un ser humano. Aquí dejaré de lado el asunto de la modificación genética de plantas y animales y me centraré en las aplicaciones de la genética para la salud humana.
Neurocinema: When Film Meets Neurology - 1
Authors: Castro Rebolledo Rodrigo
Published: July 2019

Autor: Eelco F. M. Wijdicks
Editorial: CRC Press; 1 edición (Noviembre 6, 2014)
Annif: DIY automated subject indexing using multiple algorithms
Authors: Suominen Osma
Published: July 2019

Manually indexing documents for subject-based access is a labour-intensive process. We propose using metadata gathered from bibliographic databases to train algorithms that assist librarians in that work. We have developed Annif, an open source tool and microservice for automated subject indexing. After training it with a subject vocabulary and existing metadata, Annif can be used to assign subject headings for new documents. We have tested Annif with different document collections including scientific papers, old scanned books and contemporary e-books, Q&A pairs from an “ask a librarian” service, Finnish Wikipedia, and the archives of a local newspaper. The results of analysing scientific papers and current books have been reassuring, while other types of documents have proved to be more challenging. The current version is based on a combination of existing natural language processing and machine learning tools. By combining multiple approaches and existing open source algorithms, Annif can build on the strengths of individual algorithms and adapt to different settings. With Annif, we expect to improve subject indexing and classification processes especially for electronic documents as well as collections that otherwise would not be indexed at all.
Aphrodisiac property of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Raphia vinifera (Arecaceae) in sexually experienced male rats
Authors: Watcho Pierre , Lih Fred , Brice Defo Deeh Patrick , Wankeu-Nya Modeste , Ngadjui Esther , Romeo Fozing Bonsou Georges , Kamanyi Albert , Kamtchouing Pierre
Published: July 2019

Background: Raphia vinifera (Arecaceae) is a medicinal plant commonly used as a sexual enhancer.
Objective: To investigate the aphrodisiac potential of aqueous extract (AE) and methanolic extract (ME) of R. vinifera in sexually experienced male rats.
Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into six groups (5 rats per group) and administered for 14 days with distilled water (10 ml/kg), sildenafil citrate (1.44 mg/kg), and AE or ME of R. vinifera (100 or 500 mg/kg). The copulatory activity was tested on days 0, 7, and 14 using receptive females. Further, on day 14, rats were sacrificed and biochemical analyses (testosterone, total protein, and acid phosphatase) were performed.
Results: Sildenafil citrate significantly decreased the intromission latency (day 14, p = 0.04) and frequency (days 7 and 14, p = 0.03) but increased the mount frequency (day 14, p = 0.04), compared with control. Remarkably, R. vinifera enhanced the sexual activity by significantly decreasing the intromission latency (AE and ME, 500 mg/kg, day 14, p = 0.04) and increasing the mount frequency (AE and ME, 100 mg/kg, day 7, p = 0.02) compared with control. Moreover, R. vinifera improved plasmatic (AE, 100 mg/kg, p = 0.03; AE, 500 mg/kg, p = 0.001; ME, 100 mg/kg, p = 0.01) and testicular (AE, 100 mg/kg, p = 0.001; AE, 500 mg/kg, p = 0.01; ME, 100 mg/kg, p = 0.001; ME, 500 mg/kg, p = 0.01) testosterone levels as well as plasmatic total proteins concentration (ME, 500 mg/kg, p = 0.04).
Conclusion: These findings showed that R. vinifera possesses an aphrodisiac property which could further justify its folkloric use in traditional medicine as a sexual enhancer.
A novel mutation in CYP17A1 gene leads to congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A case report
Authors: Nazari Majid , Yahya Vahidi Mehrjardi Mohammad , Neghab Nosrat , Aghabagheri Mahdi , Ghasemi Nasrin
Published: July 2019

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder where the mutation in P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1 gene (CYP17A1) is involved in its etiology. The disorder represents itself with low blood levels of estrogens, androgens, and cortisol that generally couples with hypertension, Hypokalemia, sexual primary amenorrhea, infantilism and in affected individuals.
Case: In this study, the CYP17A1 gene in a 14-year-old female was examined. The karyotype of the patient was 46, XX, and the analysis of the CYP17A1 gene by Sanger sequencing revealed a novel homozygous deletion c.1052-1054CCT which led to isolated 17,20-lyase deficiency.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study report an in-frame deletion which results in isolated 17, 20-lyase deficiency, and the mutation might be used for diagnosis in other patients with distinctive clinical symptoms.
A vidék versenyképességét segítő szaktanácsadás módszertanának vizsgálata
Authors: Kozári József
Published: July 2019

A helyi sajátosságokhoz alkalmazkodó, a személyre és a vidéki közösségekre egyaránt szabott megoldások feltárása, valamint a korszerű tudáshoz való hozzáférés biztosítása nélkülözhetetlen a vidék hosszútávú biztonságának szavatolásához. Szilágyi-Boldizsár véleménye szerint is a vidékbiztonság valamennyi dimenziójának felismerése és egymással folyamatos kölcsönhatásban lévő dinamikus egységként kezelése új típusú szemléletmódot, felelősségérzetet és gazdasági lehetőséget is hordoz magában. (Szilágyi-Boldizsár, 2016) A cikk ennek szellemében elemezni kívánja azokat az ismeretátadási módszereket, melyek nagy hatékonysággal alkalmazhatóak a vidéki szaktanácsadásban, biztosítva ezzel a vidék versenyképességének növelését elősegítő ismeretek disszeminációját. A kutatás kitér a versenyképességet biztosító döntési folyamatok és az újítások elterjedésének elemzésére, valamint részletesen tárgyalja az ismeretátadási módszerek alkalmazásának gyakorlatát.
Efficacy of Intramedullar Locking Plate in Mild to Moderate Hallux Valgus Deformity: Early Outcomes
Authors: DEĞİRMENCİ Erdem , GERMAN Ali Berat , YÜCEL İstemi
Published: July 2019

Aim: Hallux valgus is a complex deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint characterized by varus deformity of the first metatarsal bone, valgus deformity of the big toe, and lateral deviation of the extensor tendons and sesamoid bones. Several surgical methods have been described for correction of the deformity. Distal metatarsal osteotomy is a commonly used procedure in mild-to moderate hallux valgus. Different materials have been used for the fixation of osteotomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiological and clinical efficacy of intramedullar locking plate in hallux valgus surgery.Material and Methods: Postoperative 6th month data of patients with mild-to moderate hallux valgus deformity who underwent distal metatarsal osteotomy using an intramedullary locking plate between 2012 and 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. The surgical procedure was applied by Mitchell technique. Clinical and radiological features of the patients were analyzed.Results: Thirty-six (29 female, 7 male) patients whit a mean age of 51.00±12.96 years were enrolled the study. Eight patients underwent bilateral surgery. There were statistically significant improvement in hallux valgus angle, distal metatarsal articular angles, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society hallux valgus scores in the postoperative 6th month (all p values <0.001). No statistically significant difference were found between the preoperative and postoperative 6th month inter-metatarsal angle values (p=0.058).Conclusion: The intramedullar locking plate usage in surgery of mild-to moderate hallux valgus deformity is an effective method providing strong fixation and quick recovery that led patients to gain an early improvement in the daily life activities.
On the question of computing convective heat transfer parameters in a laminar-to-turbulent boundary layer on an impermeable hemispherical surface
Authors: Gorskiy V.V. , Leonov A.G. , Loktionova A.G.
Published: July 2019

In order to qualitatively solve the problem of computing convective heat transfer parameters in a laminar-to-turbulent boundary layer, it is necessary to numerically integrate differential equations descrybing that layer, completed by semiempirical turbulent viscosity models. These must be validated using results of experimental investigations where the gas dynamics of a gas flow around a body is correctly simulated. In terms of practical applications, developing relatively simple yet highly accurate computation methods is important. At present, the most widely used method to solve this type of problems in aviation and aerospace engineering is the effective length method developed by V.S. Avduevskiy, Academician. The paper shows that significant errors characterise computations using this method and traditional turbulent viscosity models to determine parameters of those blunted components of aircraft that are subjected to the highest temperatures. We present a solution to this problem, based on constructing systematic numerical solutions to the equations describing the laminar-to-turbulent boundary layer and subsequently approximating them. We prove that this approach ensures both acceptable computation accuracy and solution simplicity.
СЖИГАНИЕ МОДЕЛЬНЫХ И РЕАЛЬНЫХ НЕФТЕШЛАМОВ В КИПЯЩЕМ СЛОЕ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА
Authors: Дубинин Юрий Владимирович , Языков Николай Алексеевич , Симонов Александр Дмитриевич , Яковлев Вадим Анатольевич
Published: July 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена ежегодным образованием огромного количества нефтяных отходов (в основном нефтяных шламов и кислых гудронов). Развитие технологий переработки такого вида сырья является актуальным направлением исследования для многих научных коллективов. Несмотря на значительный вред для окружающей среды, отходы нефтепереработки заключают в себе огромный энергетический потенциал, в связи с чем необходимо создавать технологии, которые будут сочетать в себе как экологически чистую утилизацию, так и эффективное использование этого потенциала. На данный момент существует множество различных по своей природе способов утилизации рассматриваемых материалов. Основным из них является прямое сжигание отходов. Тем не менее практически все существующие подходы являются дорогостоящими и сложными в реализации. Кроме того, большинство из них не обеспечивают требуемой экологической безопасности процесса. Цель: демонстрация применимости метода сжигания в кипящем слое катализатора к процессу эффективной утилизации отходов нефтепереработки. Объекты: смеси нефть/вода различного соотношения компонентов, моделирующие отходы, образующиеся в результате процессов нефтепереработки (добычи, хранения, переработки в товарные продукты). Кроме того, исследованы образцы реальных отходов нефтепереработки – нефтешламы различного происхождения. Методы: анализ литературных источников на предмет определения основных подходов к утилизации отходов нефтепереработки, используемых на практике; физические эксперименты по определению зольности, влажности и содержания летучих компонентов в исследуемых образцах; физический эксперимент по сжиганию модельных и реальных нефтяных отходов. Результаты. Проведен анализ существующих методов термической переработки с достаточно подробным рассмотрением отдельных методов, применяемых на практике. Кроме того, была проведена серия физических экспериментов по сжиганию как модельных смесей нефть/вода в различном соотношении, так и реальных нефтяных шламов различного происхождения. Авторами работы показано, что сжигание как модельных, так и реальных нефтешламов в условиях кипящего слоя катализатора обеспечивает высокую экологическую безопасность процесса – содержание вредных выбросов (. Кроме того, исследования показали возможность реализации автотермического режима горения рассматриваемых отходов, что позволяет максимально эффективно использовать их энергетический потенциал.