bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seq2Seq Text Recognition Method for Large-Scale Corpus Linguistics Knowledge Based on Transformer
Authors: Dan He
Published: November 2024

To improve the accuracy of large-scale text recognition and reduce recognition time, this paper proposes a Transformer-based large-scale corpus linguistic knowledge Seq2Seq text recognition method. This method first extracts linguistic knowledge Seq2Seq text features from a corpus based on frequency cross-entropy, then represents word vectors based on a fuzzy word model, and finally introduces the Transformer decoding concept to construct a large-scale corpus linguistic knowledge Seq2Seq text recognition model, achieving linguistic knowledge Seq2Seq text recognition function. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a recognition accuracy higher than 93.5%, and the recognition time for thousands of pending data is less than 3.2[Formula: see text]ms, which is better than the comparative method. The application effect is good.
Spreading speeds of random KPP equations with nonlocal diffusion
Authors: Li Shangzhi , Guo Shangjiang , Wang Yizhuo , Wang Jia-Bing
Published: November 2024

The long time behavior of random KPP equations with nonlocal diffusion is investigated in this paper. The stability of the positive constant equilibrium solution is established for random KPP equations, and the spreading speed property is obtained for the random KPP equation with nonlocal diffusion by means of the comparison principle and auxiliary systems. Our theoretical results can be applied to two generalized KPP models, in which the take-over property of the lattice KPP with a random coefficient is obtained.
Patient-derived Organoids as a Tool for Advancing Precision Immuno-oncology
Authors: Than Xin Yi , Ong Tiffany T. , Chow Edward Kai-Hua
Published: November 2024

The application of three-dimensional (3D) spheroids or organoids in drug testing and precision medicine has led to significant advancements in how cancer and other diseases are treated. Not only can these 3D structures mimic the architecture and structure of tumors, but organoids formed from primary patient samples are able to recapitulate the molecular and functional characteristics of the original patient tumors. These clinically and physiologically relevant organoids can therefore be used to address questions related to drug efficacy and resistance and can even be used to predict patient-specific drug responses. However, despite such evident advantages, the lack of a patient-specific tumor microenvironment (TME), or even the basic TME that includes sufficient immune cells and other cell types, limits the potential of these organoids in immunotherapy drug testing. As such, co-culture models of patient-derived organoids with immune cells have since been developed to explore cancer-immune interactions, monotherapy or combinatorial immunotherapy drug testing, and variable patient drug responses. Moreover, when coupled with artificial intelligence-driven platforms, these organoid models can be more efficiently utilized to identify better therapeutic options and improve health outcomes through precision medicine. This review aims to highlight the use of organoids and the broader implementations of such organoid models in functional precision medicine, particularly in the context of immunotherapy.
A new flexible-wall triaxial permeameter for localized characterizations of soil suffusion
Authors: Chen Rui , Luo Zhiyuan , Zhang Liangliang , Li Zhaofeng , Tan Runqiang
Published: November 2024

Suffusion involves the migration of fines within the soil matrix, which may cause many types of geohazards. Localized characterization of suffusion is necessary because suffusion is inhomogeneous. However, existing studies on localized characterization have primarily relied on rigid-wall permeameters, which prevent lateral soil deformation and might introduce preferential flow, biasing the experimental results. In this study, a new flexible-wall triaxial permeameter was developed for the localized characterization of suffusion. The permeameter testing system has four modules: a loading and permeating module, a pressurized water supply module, an outflow-collecting module and a back pressure supply module. The local porewater pressure was captured by an invented perforation socket that connected transducers to the specimen through the flexible wall without water leakage. The local deformation was measured by photography. Three repeated suffusion tests on complete decomposed granite were carried out using the new permeameter. The results show that the maximum coefficients of variation of the initial seepage velocity, clogging hydraulic gradient, critical hydraulic gradient and total loss of fine particles were less than 4.9%, demonstrating satisfactory reliability. Soil suffusion can be better characterized and understood when a localized indicator and a precursor for suffusion-induced failure are considered.
Modified interteaching sessions as application-based examinations reduce student exam stress in an upper-level pathophysiology class
Authors: Moreira-Bouchard Jesse D. , Roberts Lisa M.
Published: November 2024

We have identified an approach to testing in pathophysiology that can simultaneously enhance student learning while reducing test-related stress. In our study, students ubiquitously agreed that open-response, partnered, case-based exams were preferable to multiple-choice exams and that their stress levels were lower while learning was enhanced as a function of this testing strategy.
Assessing the Prospect of Sustainable Biocomposites Produced From Corn Starch and Reinforced With Jute Spinning Mills Waste
Authors: Islam Md. Redwanul , Fahmida-E-Karim  , Kauser Sams , Islam Shahidul
Published: November 2024

This research focuses on the feasibility of sustainable biocomposites for thermal insulation created from corn starch and reinforced with jute spinning mill waste, specifically evaluating the effect of caustic soda (NaOH) treatment on the quality of biocomposite materials. Here, the jute fibers used were not clean because these fibers were collected from jute fibers waste. So it was necessary to clean the fibers and 15% (w/w) caustic soda (NaOH) showed more cleaning efficiency than 5%, 10%, and 20% (w/w) NaOH solution. After that, the composite material was made from caustic soda–treated and caustic soda–nontreated jute fibers. Then, the physical properties of composite materials were checked comparing with insulation foam for identifying the thermal insulation properties. Tensile strength, shore hardness, density, water absorption, and thermal conductivity were among the key performance indicators evaluated. The tensile strength, flexural strength, shore hardness, density, water absorption, thermal conductivity, SEM view, and surface smoothness were checked for 15% NaOH‐treated and NaOH‐untreated jute fibers and make compression with insulation foam to detect the thermal insulation of the biocomposite. Here, 15% caustic‐treated sample showed good results than the untreated sample. Overall, integrating caustic‐treated jute waste into corn starch‐based composites is a realistic and ecologically suitable alternative to typical thermal insulating materials, with higher mechanical properties, adequate thermal performance as well as being beneficial to the environment.
Observer‐Based Exponential Stabilization for Conformable Polynomial Fuzzy Systems With Time Delay
Authors: Iben Ammar Imen , Gassara Hamdi , Rhaima Mohamed , Mchiri Lassaad , Ben Makhlouf Abdellatif
Published: November 2024

This paper focuses on solving the challenge of observer‐based exponential control (O‐BC) regarding conformable fuzzy polynomial models with time delay. In this work, polynomial matrices with unmeasurable states are considered to enhance the practicality of the model in the design problem. The proposed approach guarantees the existence of the polynomial controller and observer gains by satisfying sufficient conditions based on the sum‐of‐squares (S‐O‐S) approach. The stability conditions of the addressed system are solved using MATLAB SOSTOOLS, and the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is evaluated through the presentation of simulation results from a numerical example and a mass‐spring‐damper system.
Phage Therapy Against Antibiotic‐Resistant and Multidrug‐Resistant Infections Involving Nonhealing Wounds and Prosthetic Joint Infections Associated With Biofilms: A Mini‐Review
Authors: Haq Kashif , Figgitt Martin , Lee David
Published: November 2024

Chronic wounds and prosthetic joint infections are difficult to treat and are associated with a high burden of disease and economic cost. The rise of antibiotic resistance and the understanding of biofilm formation has inflamed an already challenging situation. Bacteriophage therapy has been used throughout the last century to treat bacterial infections. However, in the last 10 years, there has been a resurgence in phage therapy as a novel innovative treatment for nonhealing wounds. This mini systemic review assesses relevant clinical studies, case series and trials over 5 years associated with safety, treatment and success rates of phage therapy concerning nonhealing and prosthetic joint infections. A search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Clinical Trials.gov databases resulted in 3151 studies, 27 met the criteria, and a total of 152 bacterial infections were treated from 130 individuals. Most common pathogen isolated in wounds was P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus was mostly associated with prosthetic joint infections. Treatment modalities differed across studies, adverse effects were limited, and success rate was deemed to be 91%.
Elementary Teacher’s Perception of Oral Health Education in a City of the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Chaves Junior Samuel de Carvalho , Frazão Deborah Ribeiro , Silva Ângela Benedita da Costa e , Fagundes Nathalia Carolina Fernandes , D’Almeida-Couto Roberta Souza , Santos Márcio Antônio Raiol dos , Lima Rafael Rodrigues
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the level of oral health knowledge among teachers in a city of the Brazilian Amazon region (Belem, Pará) and explore the association between teachers’ knowledge and their proposed actions in the event of dental trauma accidents within the school environment. The descriptive cross‐sectional study involved 170 elementary teachers from public schools in the Metropolitan Region of Belem, Para State, Brazil. A self‐administered questionnaire with multiple‐choice questions was utilized to assess teachers’ oral health knowledge across various domains. The questionnaire comprised seven targeted sections: the first section focused on demographic and professional aspects of the educators, while the remaining six sections addressed the oral health knowledge related to oral health education, dental caries, dental trauma (specifically dental avulsion), periodontal disease, visits to the dentist, and the educator’s role in promoting oral health. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and χ2 tests using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS; 20.0 version). Most of the sample were female (92.2%) and around 41–60 years (36.0%). Most teachers had over 5 years of teaching experience (87.0%) and held an undergraduate degree (63.0%). A significant association was found between teaching experience and the choice of storage method for avulsed teeth following dental trauma (p = 0.005). However, the teachers examined in this study exhibited inadequate knowledge concerning the appropriate treatment for cavities and the recommended age for a child’s first dental appointment. These findings underscore the crucial role teachers play in promoting oral health among students, particularly in regions characterized by social inequality and limited access to basic sanitation and healthcare services.
Table S5 from Functional RNAi Screening Identifies G2/M and Kinetochore Components as Modulators of TNFα/NF-κB Prosurvival Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Morgan Ethan L. , Saleh Anthony D. , Cornelius Shaleeka , Carlson Sophie G. , Toni Tiffany , Cheng Hui , Jeon Jun , Viswanathan Ramya , Yang Xinping , Silvin Christopher , Clavijo Paul E. , Sowers Anastasia L. , Mitchell James B. , Ormanoglu Pinar , Lal Nag Madhu , Martin Scott E. , Chen Zhong , Van Waes Carter
Published: November 2024

Table S5
Table S1 from Functional RNAi Screening Identifies G2/M and Kinetochore Components as Modulators of TNFα/NF-κB Prosurvival Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Morgan Ethan L. , Saleh Anthony D. , Cornelius Shaleeka , Carlson Sophie G. , Toni Tiffany , Cheng Hui , Jeon Jun , Viswanathan Ramya , Yang Xinping , Silvin Christopher , Clavijo Paul E. , Sowers Anastasia L. , Mitchell James B. , Ormanoglu Pinar , Lal Nag Madhu , Martin Scott E. , Chen Zhong , Van Waes Carter
Published: November 2024

Table S1
Figure S7 from Functional RNAi Screening Identifies G2/M and Kinetochore Components as Modulators of TNFα/NF-κB Prosurvival Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Morgan Ethan L. , Saleh Anthony D. , Cornelius Shaleeka , Carlson Sophie G. , Toni Tiffany , Cheng Hui , Jeon Jun , Viswanathan Ramya , Yang Xinping , Silvin Christopher , Clavijo Paul E. , Sowers Anastasia L. , Mitchell James B. , Ormanoglu Pinar , Lal Nag Madhu , Martin Scott E. , Chen Zhong , Van Waes Carter
Published: November 2024

Figure S7 and figure legend
Stored Energy and Recovery: A Key Factor in Post-Stroke Sarcopenia Management
Authors: Nagano Fumihiko , Yoshimura Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Ayaka , Sato Yoichi , Abe Takafumi , Shimazu Sayuri , Shiraishi Ai , Bise Takahiro , Kido Yoshifumi , Hamada Takenori , Maekawa Kenichiro , Yoneda Kouki , Hori Kota
Published: November 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the effects of Stored Energy on changes in body weight (BW) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in patients with post-acute stroke and sarcopenia. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with stroke and sarcopenia consecutively admitted to a Japanese rehabilitation hospital between 2015 and 2022. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019 criteria. Total Stored Energy (kcal) was defined as total energy intake minus total energy requirements during hospitalization, and energy requirements were estimated as actual BW (kg) × 30 (kcal/day). Multiple regression analysis was used to adjust for the effects of confounders and to analyze the association between Total Stored Energy divided by length of hospital stay (= Stored Energy) and changes in BW and SMM during hospitalization. Results: Of the total 556 patients, 193 patients (mean age, 80 years; 43% male) were analyzed. The median (IQR) Total Stored Energy was −1,544 (−18,524, 16,566) kcal and Stored Energy was −23 (−169, 165) kcal/day; 90 patients had Stored Energy >0. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that Stored Energy was independently and positively associated with BW gain (β = 0.412, p < 0.001) and SMM gain (β = 0.263, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Stored Energy has a positive impact on BW and SMM in patients with post-acute stroke and sarcopenia.
Albumin and Platelet Loss during the Application of CytoSorb® in Critically Ill Patients: A post hoc Analysis of the Cyto-SOLVE Trial
Authors: Brozat Clara Isabell , Zoller Michael , Frank Sandra , Bruegel Mathias , Gräfe Caroline , Rebholz Diana , Paal Michael , Graf Helen , Liebchen Uwe , Scharf Christina
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Adsorption devices like CytoSorb® (CS) are increasingly used in critically ill patients. However, potential adverse effects have not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this post hoc analysis of the monocentric prospective Cyto-SOLVE study was to examine albumin concentration and platelet count during the application of CS in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with different indications for CS therapy. Methods: Twenty-nine adult ICU patients receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy and CS application for 12 h were included. Albumin concentration and platelet count were measured before, during, and after application. Changes in albumin concentration and platelet count were investigated. Since 10/29 patients were substituted with platelets during CS therapy and 20/29 received albumin, subgroup analysis was performed in patients receiving no platelet concentrate and <20 g albumin substitution during CS application. The dependent sample t test was used to detect significant (p < 0.05) changes over time, and multivariate models were investigated. Results: We observed a significant reduction in platelets (p = 0.005, mean 14 G/L, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4–23 G/L) during CS therapy with an even more pronounced drop in those 19 patients without platelet substitution (p = 0.001, mean 22 G/L, 95% CI 10–34). No significant change was detected in the albumin concentration of all patients. However, a significant albumin decrease was observed in those 17 patients with less than 20 g albumin substitution during CS therapy (p = 0.007, mean 0.17g/dL, 95% CI 0.05–0.29). No other potential covariates for the decrease could be identified in a multivariate model. Conclusion: Since a drop in albumin and platelets occurred during the use of CS, an increased substitution might be necessary. Knowledge of potential side effects is of great importance to prevent harm during the use of extracorporeal procedures. This knowledge should be considered for a reliable risk-benefit assessment in the future.
Efficacy of Static Magnetic Field Therapy on Pain Intensity, Functional Disability, Sleep Quality, and Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Mechanical Neck and Low Back Pain
Authors: Gencler Onur Serdar , Cemil Duran Berker
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Mechanical neck pain (MNP) and mechanical low back pain (MLBP) can have a negative impact on the quality of life of patients and may be associated with high levels of disability. Magnetic field therapy has been used in the treatment of various diseases. This study was conducted to assess the effects of static magnetic field therapy generated by neodymium magnets in patients with MNP and MLBP. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, crossover study, patients with MNP and MLBP were randomly assigned to either the magnetic band or sham band treatment groups. After the initial 2-week phase (with participants randomly assigned to either treatment or sham control), both groups underwent a 1-week washout period. Subsequently, the groups were swapped and proceeded with a second 2-week phase. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (ODI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate the patients’ pain severity, functional disability, sleep quality, and levels of depressive symptoms, respectively. Results: Of the 30 subjects, 17 (56.7%) had MLBP, whereas 13 (43.3%) had MNP. Magnetic band treatment (MBT) resulted in a significant decrease in the VAS score (p < 0.001) in all patients. MBT led to a significant decrease in the ODI score (p = 0.009) in patients with MLBP. A significant decrease in the NDI score was found in MBT (p < 0.001) in patients with MNP. The improvement in ISI and PHQ-9 scores was also significantly higher in MBT (p < 0.001). Conclusion: For patients with MNP and MLBP who have not experienced sufficient benefits from conventional treatments, neodymium magnets can be considered as an alternative treatment option due to their significant properties.
Integrating Biodiversity and Livelihood Protection in Mining Operations in Garcia-Hernandez, Bohol
Authors: Desucatan Jose Villaceran , Acenas Angelo A. , Polinar Mark Anthony N.
Published: November 2024

Mining operations pose a significant threat to biodiversity and the livelihood of community people. Residents living near the mining sites must adjust to the changes brought about by the onset of mining activity, especially with their lost livelihood. Mining companies must provide alternative livelihood for residents to ensure sustainability. However, some livelihoods are not aligned with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Administrative Order 2022-004. This study assessed the alignment of livelihood projects, reasons for not passing the Biodiversity Friendly Enterprise (BDFE) index, and suggested livelihood projects. The questionnaire gathered items indicated from the administrative order as a standard for passing the said index. The result revealed that most livelihood projects do not conform to the administrative order. The most glaring issues are the financial constraints and insufficient information about the BDFE index. Proposed livelihood projects on Traditional Hilot and Cacao Production proved to be highly supported in preserving traditional practices and furthering agricultural industries. Enhancing our capacity, improving project planning processes, and incorporating community feedback into livelihood projects to achieve better outcomes is essential. This will increase compliance with the DAO guidelines and promote sustainable community development. Additionally, these findings have implications for better adoption of the BDFE Index, as it is crucial to provide enhanced information and address financial constraints.
Absence Without Official Leave Among Special Action Force Personnel: Strategies and Resolution
Authors: Cabardo Alvin Marqueses
Published: November 2024

Absence Without Official Leave (AWOL) has been an emerging issue in various organizations, including the Philippine National Police (PNP) Special Action Force (SAF) unit. Personnel going AWOL create gaps in the workforce which strain available resources, disrupt cohesiveness within the unit, and compromise the effectiveness of vital operations. This study sought to identify strategies for mitigating absence without official leave (AWOL) among Special Action Force (SAF) personnel, recognizing its multifaceted impact on the organization and its operations. Specifically, it aims to determine the sociodemographic profile, examine how the challenges faced by SAF personnel contribute to the increasing number of AWOL cases, identify the degree of the problems met by SAF personnel, analyze if there is a significant relationship between the extent of challenges and the degree of problems met in the AWOL status of SAF personnel and ascertain frameworks of strategies and resolutions for SAF units as mechanisms to control AWOL status. The study involved a quantitative survey research design where questionnaires were used to collect data from a total of 240 respondents. Frequency, percentage distribution, means, Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient was used using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results imply that there is no relationship between the difficulties AWOL SAF members face and the extent of issues they encounter into. Personal circumstances including family problems, mental health challenges, or dissatisfaction with work conditions frequently have an impact on AWOL incidents. This emphasizes how complicated AWOL incidents can be and how important it is to take each situation and motivations into account when dealing with them. This indicates the need to implement more programs that will address their needs, boost their morale and will promote work-life balance activities.
Hubungan Nokturia dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Mahasiswa Profesi Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rahmaniar Fathina Zahrani , Daryanto Besut , Rakhmani Alidha Nur
Published: November 2024

Pendahuluan: Keluhan individu yang harus bangun untuk berkemih satu kali atau lebih pada malam hari yang didahului dan diikuti oleh tidur didefinisikan sebagai nokturia. Hal ini sangat rentan terjadi pada orang dewasa muda yang memiliki volume beban kerja tinggi. Mahasiswa profesi merupakan salah satu kelompok dengan tingkat stres dan kelelahan fisik yang tinggi yang berakibat pada terjadinya gangguan tidur yang dapat menurunkan kualitas tidur. Terlebih saat masa pandemi Covid-19 yang berdampak pada berbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat termasuk dalam penerapan sistem perkuliahan dan pembatasan jam kerja untuk mahasiswa profesi kedokteran di seluruh Indonesia.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian nokturia, kualitas tidur dan hubungan keduanya pada mahasiswa profesi Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya selama pandemi Covid-19.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain Cross-sectional dan teknik Purposive Sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April-Mei 2022. Responden terdiri dari 78 mahasiswa profesi yang ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square.
Hasil: Dari 78 responden, 39 responden (50%) mengalami nokturia dan 47 responden (60,30%) memiliki kualitas tidur tidak baik. Pengujian hubungan antara nokturia dengan kualitas tidur diketahui nilai probabilitas chi-square sebesar 0,488 (p>0,05).
Kesimpulan: Mahasiswa profesi cenderung mengalami gejala nokturia dan memiliki kualitas tidur yang tidak baik. Namun, tidak didapatkan hubungan antara nokturia dengan kualitas tidur.
Galls of Palaeomystella oligophaga (Lepidoptera, Agonoxenidae) associated with Macairea radula (Melastomataceae) in Neotropical veredas: effects of environment type, resource concentration, and plant architecture
Authors: Ruas Maria Isabela Campos , Barbosa Pedro Ivo Alves , Silva Sabrina Celie Oliveira e , Durães Mariane Scarcela , Grandez-Rios Julio Miguel , Araújo Walter Santos de
Published: November 2024

The diversity of galling insects may be associated with abiotic factors, such as hygrothermal stress, and biotic factors of the host plants, such as structural complexity and resource concentration. In the present study, we aimed evaluate the occurrence of galling insects Palaeomystella oligophaga (Lepidoptera, Agonoxenidae) associated with Macairea radula (Melastomataceae) in veredas of northern of Minas Gerais, testing the effect of environmental stress, resource concentration and plant architecture. The study was carried out in three veredas with distinct levels of soil drying and conservation (preserved, intermediate and degraded). In each vereda, were selected 20 individuals of the Macairea radula for galling sampling. For each focal plants were sampled the abundance of galls, plant height (m), number of branches and number of individuals close to the focal plant within a radius of 5 m. In total, were sampled 2,030 galls of Palaeomystella oligophaga on Macairea radula. The abundance of galls differed significantly between the plants of the different veredas, being higher in the plants of the Vereda da Almescla (intermediate conservation level). In addition, the abundance of galls was positively correlated with plant height, and the number of nearby individuals (considering all plant species). Our results demonstrate that both anthropic alterations that lead to the dryness of the veredas, and structural characteristics of the host plants, can affect the occurrence of galls of Palaeomystella oligophaga.
Juntó para mover Sankofa: escrevivências do Performer em diáspora africana
Authors: Santos Erick
Published: November 2024

Apresento, através desta pesquisa, o viés afrorreferenciado e suas dinamizações para a criação cênica. O projeto desenvolvido no Programa de Pós-graduação em Dança da Universidade Federal da Bahia (PPGDAN-UFBA) toma como aportes principais os fundamentos da ancestralidade, o adinkra Sankofa, a cosmopercepção que abrange o ser por inteiro e o candomblé para uma composição artística-acadêmica centralizada, e como ponto de partida o corpo, este sendo negro, candomblecista, periférico, interiorano e às margens da sociedade. É urgente e mister que a criação cênica esteja pautada nos próprios fazeres, nas inspirações e no embasamento teórico-prático no e a partir do ser negro em nosso território. As metodologias amalgamadas são a “escrevivência” e a “autoetnografia” aplicadas nas Artes das Cenas, ambas articuladas aos materiais do próprio pesquisador no diálogo com a base teórica e a prática junto à escrita, o Juntó. O objetivo desse nó é desatar caminhos ancestrais afrodiaspóricos nos fazeres das artes cênicas.
Caracterização das variações volumétricas, morfológicas e a influência da antropização em uma praia de enseada, Praia de Guaratuba - PR
Authors: Ramos Egon Abraão de Paula , Angulo Rodolfo José , Sielski Luiz Henrique
Published: November 2024

A praia de Guaratuba, com densa ocupação urbana no litoral do Paraná (Brasil), é uma praia de enseada cujo arco praial se estende por 2.440 m e está limitada pelo Morro do Cristo, ao sul, e o Morro de Caieiras, ao norte. A praia possui dinâmica de migração sazonal e interanual dos bancos de areia. Muros, calçadões e avenidas, quando instalados sobre a faixa da dinâmica natural da praia, estão sujeitos à destruição periódica pela ação das ondas. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e quantificar as variações do volume de sedimentos da praia de Guaratuba. Para o monitoramento sazonal do volume praial, foram utilizados 14 perfis planialtimétricos praiais, realizados em 8 campanhas entre 2012 e 2018. A avaliação do balanço sedimentar mostrou que a dinâmica no arco da praia de Guaratuba contempla processos de redirecionamento das ondas devido à presença do Morro do Cristo, e o transpasse de sedimentos, transportados pela corrente de deriva litorânea, que contorna o promontório (headland bypass) e alimenta a praia de enseada. No período estudado, foi observada diminuição no volume de sedimentos da porção emersa do arco-praial e maior mobilidade dos bancos de areia no setor sul, principalmente relacionada à difração das ondas e o transpasse de sedimentos. Durante eventos de alta energia de ondas, quando ocorrem marés meteorológicas, o espraiamento das ondas atinge e danifica o muro de contenção, que sustenta a calçada e arruamento, constantemente. A estabilização da linha de costa por meios artificiais restringe a ação de processos naturais e causa destruição de infraestruturas urbanas.
Brutalismo: tecnologias da violência do capitalismo contemporâneo
Authors: Martins Flavio Dantas
Published: November 2024

Resenha do Livro: MBEMBE, Achille. Brutalisme. Paris: La Découverte, 2020.
O texto analisa a obra Brutalisme do historiador camaronês Achille Mbembe no contexto maior dos demais livros do autor e analisa os conceitos de brutalismo, hibridização humano-ferramenta e fronteirização.
O secretário devoto: o De Praedicatore Verbi Dei e a retórica militante de Giovanni Botero
Authors: Purpura Christian
Published: November 2024

Giovanni Botero (Bene, 1544 – Turim, 1617) foi um erudito que colocou seus conhecimentos e suas habilidades retóricas à disposição da Igreja. Este ensaio investiga parte de sua atividade junto à diocese milanesa de Carlos Borromeu, na qual ele foi secretário empenhado em um esforço de propagação da palavra cristã. Nesse contexto, Botero escreveu o De praedicatore verbi Dei, que é uma reflexão sobre a figura do pregador e os princípios retóricos que regem sua atividade. Elaborado em sintonia com o pensamento de Borromeu, o livro é uma homenagem intelectual prestada pelo secretário ao seu patrão e um instrumento estratégico na competição travada com a vertente protestante do mundo cristão.
A Estrela da Basílica: reinterpretação crítica de uma alegoria visual (1777-1791)
Authors: Ferreira Paulo da Costa
Published: November 2024

Propõe-se a reinterpretação crítica de um famoso retrato alegórico associado ao projeto do Real Convento do Coração de Jesus, em Lisboa. Por meio de fontes iconográficas e literárias, busca-se demonstrar, utilizando o método iconográfico, a relevância da escrita e da imagem para uma identificação autêntica e correta interpretação do programa iconográfico no qual o livro e a ilustração se inserem. Dado o conteúdo da gravura em questão, este estudo foca na arte panegírica, evidenciando a mútua valorização que ela gerava, de modo diferenciado, entre o panegirista e o homenageado. O objetivo principal é aprofundar a compreensão da complementaridade entre escrita e arte visual na comunicação de mensagens políticas a serviço da coroa no século XVIII.
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A Modification of Profilin-1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Drives Phenotype Switching and Neointimal Hyperplasia via Activation of the p-ANXA2/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Gao Xiao-Fei , Chen Ai-Qun , Tang Hao-Yue , Kong Xiang-Quan , Zhang Huan , Wang Zhi-Mei , Lu Wei , Wang Li-Guo , Wang Feng , Zhou Wen-Ying , Gu Yue , Zuo Guang-Feng , Ge Zhen , Zhang Jun-Jie , Chen Shao-Liang
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:

In-stent restenosis is characterized by a significant reduction in lumen diameter within the stented segment, primarily attributed to excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and neointimal hyperplasia. PFN1 (profilin-1), an actin-sequestering protein extensively studied in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, remains less explored in neointimal hyperplasia.

METHODS:

Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing alongside data from in-stent restenosis patients and various experimental in-stent restenosis models (swine, rats, and mice), we investigated the role of PFN1 in promoting VSMC phenotype switching and neointimal hyperplasia.

RESULTS:

Single-cell RNA sequencing of stenotic rat carotid arteries revealed a critical role for PFN1 in neointimal hyperplasia, a finding corroborated in stented swine coronary arteries, in-stent restenosis patients, PFN1
SMC-IKO
(SMC-specific PFN1 knockout) mice, and PFN1 overexpressed mice. PFN1 deletion was shown to suppress VSMC phenotype switching and neointimal hyperplasia in PFN1
SMC-IKO
mice subjected to a wire-injured model. To elucidate the observed discordance in PFN1 mRNA and protein levels, we identified that METTL3 (N
6
-methyladenosine methyltransferase) and YTHDF3 (YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein F3; N
6
-methyladenosine–specific reader) enhance PFN1 translation efficiency in an N
6
-methyladenosine–dependent manner, confirmed through experiments involving METTL3 knockout and YTHDF3 knockout mice. Furthermore, PFN1 was mechanistically found to interact with the phosphorylation of ANXA2 (annexin A2) by recruiting Src (SRC proto-oncogene, nonreceptor tyrosine kinase), promoting the phosphorylation of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), a typical transcription factor known to induce VSMC phenotype switching.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study unveils the significance of PFN1 N
6
-methyladenosine modification in VSMCs, demonstrating its role in promoting phenotype switching and neointimal hyperplasia through the activation of the p-ANXA2 (phospho-ANXA2)/STAT3 pathway.
An analysis of Psychophysiological Responses in the Prefrontal Cortex Depending on the Use of Universal Tools and Traditional Methods During Agricultural Activities by Individuals With Physical Disabilities Using Mobility Aids
Authors: Kim Seo-Hyun , Jeong Mi-Sook , Kim Ri Su , Park Sin-Ae
Published: November 2024

Background and objective: Physical disabilities are significant and permanent limitations in physical capabilities, which make routine tasks and participation in various activities increasingly difficult. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different agricultural activities on prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation in individuals with physical disabilities (IWPDs) using mobility aids, by comparing activities with and without the use of universal tools.Methods: The study involved 26 participants aged between the age of 20 and 65 years, with physical disabilities and utilizing mobility aids. It was conducted at a laboratory within the campus of Konkuk University. Participants engaged in six different agricultural activities: soaking (with/without universal tool), sowing (with/without universal tool), and planting (with/without universal tool), performed in a random order for 180 seconds each. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure changes in oxyhemoglobin (oxy-HB) concentration in the PFC during each activity.Results: The results indicated that oxy-HB concentration in the overall PFC was significantly lower during planting performed without the use of universal tools (p < .001). During the soaking activity, the use of a universal soaking tool led to lower oxy-HB concentration across the entire PFC (p < .05). During sowing activity performed without universal tools, a lower oxy-HB concentration was observed across the entire PFC (p < .01). Similarly, during planting activity performed without universal tools, a lower concentration of oxy-HB was observed across the entire PFC (p < .01).Conclusion: Overall, engaging in planting without the use of universal tools and utilizing a universal soaking tool can lead to stability through a decrease in oxy-HB concentration. The study concluded that the use of universal tools in agricultural activities affects PFC activation in IWPDs using mobility aids. Specifically, planting without universal tools and soaking with a universal tool led to significantly lower oxy-HB concentrations, indicating potential stability and reduced cognitive load.
Predicting Changes in Potential Habitats of an Endemic Plant Species under SSP Scenarios: A Case Study of Eranthis byunsanensis
Authors: Lee Ji Seon , Kim Jun Woo , Jeong Seung Gyu , Kim Yujin , Yim Eun-Young , Kim Ho Gul
Published: November 2024

Background and objective: Climate change significantly impacts the growth environments of organisms that have adapted to natural environments. Endemic plants, which are native to specific regions, are particularly vulnerable to these changes. The conservation of these plants is a crucial national task. Currently, there is a lack of research on the habitat characteristics and conservation measures of specific species in Korea. This indicates a need for systematic research on field surveys of habitats for valuable species, the establishment of environmental variables, and long-term changes in suitable habitat areas. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the geographical distribution characteristics and select the optimal environmental variables for Eranthis byunsanensis, an endemic plant in the Korean Peninsula.Methods: To achieve this, we utilized an ensemble model in the R package biomod2 to analyze the current potential habitat and understand its distribution characteristics. We then predicted the changes in potential habitats for the mid-future (2041-2070) and the long-term future (2071-2100) based on climate change scenarios (SSP 1-2.6 and SSP 5-8.5). Finally, we conducted a comparative analysis of the differences between the scenarios.Results: Long-term projections indicate that potential habitat area is larger under SSP1-2.6, a scenario with active climate change mitigation policies, than under SSP5-8.5. Under SSP1-2.6, habitat remained relatively stable with expansion observed in coastal Gangwon-do. In contrast, SSP5-8.5, characterized by extreme climate change, led to significant habitat decline in Jeollabuk-do. Inland Jeollabuk-do experienced rapid habitat loss with a northeastward shift, while habitat along the East Sea coast of Gangwon-do expanded.Conclusion: This study's analysis of habitat change can serve as a crucial foundation for the conservation and management of endemic plants. Furthermore, it is expected to contribute to the development of response strategies to climate change and the identification of alternative habitats for endemic plants.
A Study on Health Diagnosis of Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino Using Hyperspectral Technique
Authors: Park Han Sung , Lee Jae Yong
Published: November 2024

Background and objective: Health diagnosis is essential for large, old trees that are designated and protected by the Act on the Preservation and Utilization of Natural Heritage and the Forest Protection Act. However, in the field, the overall health of trees is diagnosed by measuring the photosynthetic efficiency (PE) of some leaves. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the possibility of using hyper-spectral technology to replace the PE measurement as an approach for diagnosing the health of Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino, which has a high rate of natural monument designation among South Korea’s natural heritage.Methods: The PE and hyper-spectral values were acquired from Zelkova leaves, and a Monte Carlo simulation was performed based on the spectral bands used to calculate vegetation indices (VI) in previous studies to select bands that have a high correlation with the PE. The explanatory power of these values on tree health was verified through a regression analysis of the VI and PE calculated from the selected bands, and the results of the study are as follows.Results: First, a variance analysis of the PE and VI of leaves found that there were differences depending on direction, and that the hyper-spectral values of leaves collected from the west were the most effective in measuring tree health. Second, it was found that it was effective to use 520 and 570 nm in the green region, 684 nm in the red region, 860 and 890 nm in the NIR region, 500 nm in the carotenoid region, and 531 nm in the xanthophyll region to derive the VI that replace PE metrics from the hyper-spectral values of leaves collected from the west. Third, PRI showed a very high effect with an explanatory power of 73.2% for the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) regression equation. In other words, it was found that PRI can be used as an index derived from hyperspectral values to diagnose and record the healthy parts of Zelkova tree.Conclusion: By expanding the scope of this study to include Pinus densiflora and Ginkgo biloba, it is expected that if the utility and field applicability of this approach for diagnosing the health of large old trees are generally verified, it can be used for regular surveys of such trees designated as natural monuments in the future. Furthermore, it is expected that it can be expanded to diagnose park trees, street trees and the like, in addition to large, old trees.
Unlocking Potential: Analyzing the Content, Style, Structure, and Interactivity of Mesonets as Operational Dashboards
Authors: Olivas Savannah , Sutton Jeannette , Olson Micki
Published: November 2024

Emergency managers need data and information to make life-saving decisions on behalf of the public. Operational dashboards, if designed appropriately, can provide this information in a central location and reduce cognitive demands during decision-making. Mesonet websites can serve as a type of operational dashboard that has the potential to provide the meteorological data necessary for emergency managers to make decisions. In this study, we use quantitative content analysis to examine the content, style, structure, and interactivity of 18 Mesonet websites from across the contiguous United States. We find that Mesonet websites vary in the type and amount of content they include. For website style, we find that Mesonet websites primarily present their content with maps and data filters. We find that the structure of the website content was consistent across websites. Finally, we find that most Mesonet websites lacked interactivity, or visual feedback, which inhibits ease of use. We discuss extensions for future work.

Significance Statement

This study captures the content, style, structure, and interactivity of Mesonet websites when they are used as operational dashboards to support weather-related decision-making. Weather dashboards have the potential to support decision-makers of all types during severe weather events by providing all critical information in one place. With this streamlined approach, decision-making is made more efficient, as gathering information from multiple sources is no longer necessary. Mesonet dashboards provide a valuable context to analyze the content, style, and structure of webpages that can be useful for users. Through this work, we hope to identify the design principles and trends present in these dashboards, providing a basis for future research and efforts to improve design, user experience, and accessibility.
HIV Screening in a Sample of US Emergency Departments, 2022-2023
Authors: Bennett Christopher L. , Clay Carson E. , Espinola Janice A. , Camargo Jr Carlos A.
Published: November 2024

Despite serving populations emphasized in the Ending the HIV Epidemic Initiative, emergency departments (EDs) infrequently offer routine HIV screening. The objective of this study was to characterize US EDs by whether they screen for HIV and to explore factors associated with screening. We surveyed a random sample of US ED directors to obtain data on ED-level and patient-level characteristics, as well as information on directors’ perceived barriers to implementing preventive health services. Using descriptive statistics and regression modeling, we found that EDs that routinely screen for HIV, compared with those that do not, had higher median visit volumes (21 000 vs 12 600), were more often a teaching hospital (12.7% vs 4.3%), and had more availability of social workers (23.6% vs 9.4% had 24 hour/day coverage); their directors also less often expressed strong worry about costs (5.9% vs 28.2%), all significant at P < .05; in the regression analysis, only worry about costs was significant (relative risk = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.51). Our findings may reflect a need for additional funding and resources allocated to EDs to promote HIV screening.
Evaluation of the properties of elastomeric compounds with the incorporation of graphene nanoplatelets through various mixtures processes
Authors: de Oliveira Morgana , Ribeiro Willian Belincanta , Moresco Suelen , Brandalise e Rosmary Nichele
Published: November 2024

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) have emerged as promising additives for improving the properties of elastomeric compounds. This study investigates the influence of GNPs on styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) formulations through a thorough assessment of rheological, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. Various mixing processes, including closed and open mixers, were employed to disperse GNPs effectively. Results demonstrate that the incorporation of GNPs accelerates vulcanization, increases crosslink density, enhances thermal conductivity, and improves mechanical strength in SBR compounds. Notably, open mixer processing yields superior dispersion and thermal conductivity compared to closed mixers. Additionally, GNPs mitigate the reduction in tensile strength observed during prolonged thermal aging. These findings highlight the multifunctional role of GNPs in elastomeric compounds and underscore the importance of dispersion techniques for optimizing their performance. Overall, this research contributes to advancing the understanding of GNPs as versatile additives for enhancing elastomeric materials, with potential applications across diverse industrial sectors.
Financial hardship while working: A comparison of standard and non-standard workers across Europe
Authors: Visser Mark , Damman Marleen , Kraaykamp Gerbert
Published: November 2024

This study examines differences between non-standard (here: temporary employees and solo self-employed people) and standard workers (here: permanent employees) in financial hardship. It also examines whether these differences are conditional on the country context. To this aim, multilevel regression analysis was applied to European Social Survey data, covering 32 countries and the time period 2002–2018. The results show that temporary employees and the solo self-employed report more financial hardship compared to permanent employees, and that temporary employees experience more financial hardship than the solo self-employed. Both macroeconomic decline and higher levels of social protection generally enlarge the gap in financial hardship between non-standard and standard workers. Furthermore, solo self-employed persons are hit harder by macroeconomic adversity and they are not or less entitled to social benefits than temporary employees, reflected by smaller differences in financial hardship between these groups of non-standard workers. The findings are mostly in line with labor market dualization theories.