bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Norwegian blood preparedness project: A whole blood program including civilian walking blood banks for early treatment of patients with life‐threatening bleeding in municipal health care services, ambulance services, and rural hospitals
Authors: Apelseth Torunn Oveland , Arsenovic Mirjana , Strandenes Geir
Published: June 2022

Background

Civilian and military guidelines recommend early balanced transfusion to patients with life‐threatening bleeding to improve survival. To provide the best care to patients with hemorrhagic shock in regions with reduced access to evacuation, blood preparedness must be ensured also on a municipal health care level. The primary aim of the Norwegian Blood Preparedness project is to enable rural hospitals, prehospital ambulance services, and municipal health care services to start early balanced blood transfusions for patients with life‐threatening bleeding regardless of etiology.

Study Design and Methods

The project is designed based on three principles: (1) Early balanced transfusion should be provided for patients with life‐threatening bleeding, (2) Management of an emergency requires a planned and rehearsed day‐to‐day system for blood preparedness, and (3) A decentralized system is needed to ensure local self‐sufficiency in an emergency. We developed a system for education and training in blood‐based resuscitation with a focus on the municipal health care service.

Results

In this publication, we describe the implementation of emergency whole blood collections from a preplanned civilian walking blood bank in the municipal health care service. This includes donor selection, whole blood collection, emergency transfusion and quality assessment of practice.

Conclusion

We conclude that implementation of a Whole Blood based emergency transfusion program is feasible on all health care levels and that a preplanned civilian walking blood bank should be considered in locations were prolonged transport‐times may reduce access to blood transfusion for patients with life threatening bleeding.
Estimating the economic effects of sanctions on Russia: An Allied trade embargo
Authors: Mahlstein Kornel , McDaniel Christine , Schropp Simon , Tsigas Marinos
Published: June 2022

This article contributes to the ongoing discussion on the use of sanctions as a coercive tool of international policymaking, focusing on the economic effects of the sanctions on Russia following its invasion of Ukraine. Using CGE modelling, we explore the short‐ to medium‐term economic effects of a possible trade embargo by Allied countries imposed on Russia. We consider the Allied trade embargo as a set of comprehensive trade sanctions that include (i) import‐related measures, (ii) export‐related measures, (iii) FDI‐related measures and (iv) increased trade costs between Russia and non‐Allies. We find that Russia would sustain sizable losses upwards of 14% of real GDP from an Allied trade embargo, even in the short run. Allied economies are unevenly affected by the sanctions, with real GDP losses between 0.1% and 1.6%. Non‐Allied economies benefit from some trade diversion but experience even larger losses from the increased costs of trading and doing business with Russia. China joining the embargo resulted in greater economic losses for Russia; Allied economies and China would be adversely affected by this move. Finally, Russia would suffer significantly higher losses if it were enacting countersanctions, rather than resigning itself to being a sanction target.
Retrospective evaluation of the outcome and prognosis of undergoing positive pressure ventilation due to cardiac and noncardiac causes in dogs and cats (2019–2020): 101 cases
Authors: Oppenheimer Nama , Kelmer Efrat , Shwartzshtei Noam , Segev Gilad , Ohad Dan , Klainbart Sigal
Published: June 2022

Objective

To compare the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of dogs and cats with left‐sided congestive heart failure (L‐CHF) undergoing positive pressure ventilation (PPV) to patients undergoing PPV for other causes and to determine risk factors associated with outcomes in this population.

Design

This retrospective study included dogs and cats that underwent PPV during 2018–2020. The study group included patients diagnosed with L‐CHF. The control group included patients who were ventilated for reasons other than L‐CHF. The risk factors evaluated included vital signs on presentation, ventilator settings, development of azotemia during hospitalization, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), complications, and medications used.

Setting

University Teaching Hospital.

Animals

Fifty (32 dogs, 18 cats) study group animals and 51 (39 dogs, 12 cats) control group animals were included in the L‐CHF and control groups, respectively.

Measurements and main results

Sixty‐six percent (33/50) of L‐CHF patients, compared with 35% (18/51) of the control patients, were weaned off PPV (P = 0.002). Fifty‐four percent (27/50) of the L‐CHF patients survived to discharge, compared with 26% (13/51) of the control group patients (P = 0.003). However, only 54% (12/22) of the discharged L‐CHF patients survived for >2 months compared to 100% of the control patients. The median survival time for dogs and cats with L‐CHF surviving to discharge was 240 days (range: 1–730 days). In dogs, factors negatively associated with survival included CPR in both groups and the development of azotemia in the L‐CHF group. Anemia on presentation was negatively associated with survival for both cats and dogs in the control group.

Conclusions

Dogs and cats undergoing PPV due to L‐CHF were more commonly weaned off the ventilator and survived to discharge compared to other causes necessitating PPV. However, these patients suffer from severe heart disease, and therefore, their long‐term survival is guarded.
Influence of respiratory loading on left‐ventricular function in cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Gee Cameron M. , Williams Alexandra M. , Peters Carli M. , Eves Neil D. , Sheel Andrew W. , West Christopher R.
Published: June 2022

Cervical spinal cord injury (C‐SCI) negatively impacts cardiac and respiratory function. As the heart and lungs are linked via the pulmonary circuit these systems are interdependent. Here, we utilized inspiratory and expiratory loading to assess whether augmenting the respiratory pump improves left‐ventricular (LV) filling and output in individuals with motor‐complete C‐SCI. We hypothesized LV end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) would increase and decrease with inspiratory and expiratory loading, respectively. Participants (C‐SCI: 7M/1F, 35 ± 7 years; able‐bodied: 7M/1F, 32 ± 6 years) were assessed under five conditions during 45° head‐up tilt; unloaded, inspiratory loading with −10 and −20 cmH2O oesophageal pressure (Poes) on inspiration, and expiratory loading with +10 and +20 cmH2O Poes on expiration. An oesophageal balloon catheter monitored Poes, and LV structure and function were assessed by echocardiography. In C‐SCI only, (1) +20 cmH2O reduced LVEDV vs. unloaded (81 ± 15 vs. 88 ± 11 ml, P = 0.006); (2) heart rate was higher during +20 cmH2O compared to unloaded (P = 0.001) and +10 cmH2O (P = 0.002); (3) cardiac output was higher during +20 cmH2O than unloaded (P = 0.002); and (4) end‐expiratory lung volume was higher during +20 cmH2O vs. unloaded (63 ± 10 vs. 55 ± 13% total lung capacity, P = 0.003) but was unaffected by inspiratory loading. In both groups, −10 and −20 cmH2O had no significant effect on LVEDV. These findings suggest greater expiratory positive pressure acutely impairs LV filling in C‐SCI, potentially via impaired venous return, mediastinal constraint and/or direct ventricular interaction subsequent to dynamic hyperinflation. Inspiratory loading did not significantly improve LV function in C‐SCI and neither inspiratory nor expiratory loading affected cardiac function or lung volumes in able‐bodied participants.

image

Key points

Cervical spinal cord injury (C‐SCI) alters both the cardiac and the respiratory system, but little is known about how these systems interact following injury.

Here, we manipulated inspiratory or expiratory intrathoracic pressure (ITP) to mechanistically test the role of the respiratory pump in circulatory function in highly trained individuals with C‐SCI and an able‐bodied reference group.

In individuals with C‐SCI, greater ITP during expiratory loading caused dynamic hyperinflation that was associated with impaired left‐ventricular filling.

More negative ITP during inspiratory loading did not significantly alter left‐ventricular volumes in either group.

Interventions that prevent dynamic hyperinflation and/or enhance the ability to generate expiratory pressures may help preserve left‐ventricular filling in individuals with C‐SCI.
The Value of Mind–Body Connection in Physical Activity for Older People
Authors: Gilchrist Heidi , Haynes Abby , Oliveira Juliana S. , Grunseit Anne , Sherrington Catherine , Bauman Adrian , Shepherd Roberta , Tiedemann Anne
Published: June 2022

Exercise that targets balance and strength is proven to prevent falls in older age. The Successful AGEing yoga trial is the first large randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of yoga on falls in people aged ≥60 years. We conducted a realist process evaluation to explain the strong participant engagement observed using interviews (21 participants and three yoga instructors) and focus groups (12 participants and four yoga instructors). Results showed that relaxation, breathing, and yoga’s mind–body connection created a satisfying internal focus on bodily sensation which was valued by participants. The mechanisms of mindfulness and embodiment appeared to facilitate this. Mindfulness and embodiment are also linked to, and enhance engagement with, other forms of physical activity. By focusing creatively on these mechanisms, we can develop a range of programs that target improvements in physical and mental health (including reducing falls and fear of falls) and appeal to older people.
Effects of Midfoot Joint Mobilization on Perceived Ankle–Foot Function in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors: Jaffri Abbis , Fraser John J. , Koldenhoven Rachel M. , Hertel Jay
Published: June 2022

Context: To investigate the effects of midfoot joint mobilization and a 1-week home exercise program, compared with a sham intervention, and home exercise program on pain, patient-reported outcomes, ankle–foot joint mobility, and neuromotor function in young adults with chronic ankle instability. Design: Crossover clinical trial. Methods: Twenty participants with chronic ankle instability were instructed in a stretching, strengthening, and balance home exercise program and were randomized a priori to receive either midfoot joint mobilizations (forefoot supination, cuboid glide, and plantar first tarsometatarsal) or a sham laying of hands on the initial visit. Changes in foot morphology, joint mobility, strength, dynamic balance, and patient-reported outcomes assessing pain, physical, and psychological function were assessed pre to post treatment and 1 week following post treatment. Participants crossed over to receive the alternate treatment and were assessed pre to post treatment and 1 week following. Linear modeling was used to assess changes in outcomes. Results: Participants demonstrated significantly greater perceived improvement immediately following midfoot mobilization in the single assessment numeric evaluation (sham: 5.0% [10.2%]; mobilization: 43.9% [26.2%]; β: 6.8; P < .001; adj R2: .17; Hedge g: 2.09), and global rating of change (sham: −0.1 [1.1]; mobilization: 1.1 [3.0]; β: 1.8; P = .01; adj R2: .12; Hedge g: 0.54), and greater improved 1-week outcomes in rearfoot inversion mobility (sham: 4.4° [8.4°]; mobilization: −1.6° [6.1°]; β: −6.37; P = .01; adj R2: .19; Hedge g: 0.81), plantar flexion mobility (sham: 2.7° [6.4°]; mobilization: −1.7° [4.3°]; β: −4.36; P = .02; adj R2: .07; Hedge g: 0.80), and posteromedial dynamic balance (sham: 2.4% [5.9%]; mobilization: 6.0% [5.4%]; β: 3.88; P = .04; adj R2: .10; Hedge g: 0.59) compared to the sham intervention. Conclusion: Greater perceived improvement and physical signs were observed following midfoot joint mobilization.
Kinematic and Electromyography Responses to Increasing Proprioception Demand and a Lack of Visual Feedback in Healthy, Middle-Aged Women Tested on an Unstable Platform
Authors: Szczerbik Ewa , Kalinowska Malgorzata , Syczewska Malgorzata
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate which changes in kinematics and muscle activity in healthy, middle-aged women are introduced to maintain balance on an unstable platform. Biodex Balance System tests were used in stable and unstable modes (sudden with eyes open/closed and gradual with eyes open). Simultaneously, lower-extremity kinematics and surface electromyography of back and legs muscles were captured. The dependence between balance scores, movement ranges, and root mean square of electromyography was assessed with multiple regression to evaluate the strategy used. The results showed multisegmental movements in sudden instability, and activity of at least one of the following muscles: gluteus maximus, erector spinae, and soleus in all conditions. Best balance scores were achieved when movements appeared in pelvis in transverse, and hip in frontal planes, worst when in pelvis in frontal, hip, and ankle in sagittal planes, and when mentioned muscles were activated. Further research is needed to identify the determinants of strategy choice.
Charge and energy transfer in ac-driven Coulomb-coupled double quantum dots
Authors: Ludovico María Florencia , Capone Massimo
Published: June 2022

We study the dynamics of charge and energy currents in a Coulomb-coupled double quantum dot system, when only one of the two dots is adiabatically driven by a time-periodic gate that modulates its energy level. Although the Coulomb coupling does not allow for electron transfer between the dots, it enables an exchange of energy between them which induces a time variation of charge in the undriven dot. We describe the effect of electron interactions at low temperature using a time-dependent slave-spin 1 formulation within mean field that efficiently captures the main effects of the strong correlations as well as the dynamical nature of the driving. We find that the currents induced in the undriven dot due to the mutual friction between inter-dot electrons are of the same order as those generated in the adiabatically driven dot. Interestingly, up to 43% of the energy injected by the ac sources can be transferred from the driven dot to the undriven one. We complete our analysis by studying the impact of the Coulomb interaction on the resistance of the quantum dot that is driven by the gate.

Graphic abstract
Leveraging universality of jet taggers through transfer learning
Authors: Dreyer Frédéric A. , Grabarczyk Radosław , Monni Pier Francesco
Published: June 2022

A significant challenge in the tagging of boosted objects via machine-learning technology is the prohibitive computational cost associated with training sophisticated models. Nevertheless, the universality of QCD suggests that a large amount of the information learnt in the training is common to different physical signals and experimental setups. In this article, we explore the use of transfer learning techniques to develop fast and data-efficient jet taggers that leverage such universality. We consider the graph neural networks and , and introduce two prescriptions to transfer an existing tagger into a new signal based either on fine-tuning all the weights of a model or alternatively on freezing a fraction of them. In the case of W-boson and top-quark tagging, we find that one can obtain reliable taggers using an order of magnitude less data with a corresponding speed-up of the training process. Moreover, while keeping the size of the training data set fixed, we observe a speed-up of the training by up to a factor of three. This offers a promising avenue to facilitate the use of such tools in collider physics experiments.
Muon $$\mathbf {g-2}$$, neutralino dark matter and stau NLSP
Authors: Gómez Mario E. , Shafi Qaisar , Tiwari Amit , Ün Cem Salih
Published: June 2022

We explore the implications of resolving the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

anomaly in a $$SU(4)_c \times SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$$

S
U

(
4
)

c

×
S
U

(
2
)

L

×
S
U

(
2
)

R

model, where the soft supersymmetry breaking scalar and gaugino masses break the left-right (LR) symmetry. A 2$$\sigma $$
σ
resolution of the anomaly requires relatively light sleptons, chargino and LSP neutralino. The stau turns out to be the NLSP of mass $$m_{\tilde{\tau }}\lesssim 400$$

m

τ
~

≲
400

 GeV, and the sleptons from the first two families can be as heavy as about 800 GeV. The chargino is also required to be lighter than about 600 GeV to accommodate the muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

solutions consistent with the dark matter relic density constraint. The dominant right-handed nature of the light slepton states suppress the sensitivity of possible signals which can be probed in Run3 experiments at the LHC. We also discuss the impact of accommodating the Higgs boson mass and the vacuum stability of the scalar potential for these solutions. Although a light stau can be compatible with the stability of the scalar potential, the Higgs boson mass constraint has a strong impact on the solutions with $$\tan \beta $$

tan
β

bounded from above, namely $$\tan \beta \lesssim 20$$

tan
β
≲
20

. The Higgsinos are heavier than about 4 TeV, and the LSP neutralino has the correct relic density if it is Bino-like. We identify stau–neutralino coannihilation as the dominant mechanism for realizing the desired dark matter relic density, with sneutrino–neutralino coannihiliation playing a minor role. These bino-like dark matter solutions can yield a spin-independent scattering cross-section on the order of $$10^{-13}$$

10

-
13

pb which hopefully, can be expected to be tested in the near future.
A calculation-free derivation of GR
Authors: Deser S.
Published: June 2022

I derive GR from the standard observational requirements plus a recent proof that a linear spin 2 field can only propagate on a Ricci-flat (or constant) background, of which it is a perturbation: it is an Einstein field.
Structure functions from renormalization group improved small x evolution
Authors: Li Wanchen , Staśto Anna M.
Published: June 2022

We perform the fit to the structure function $$F_2$$

F
2

data from HERA including terms due to the resummation at small x. The equation for the unintegrated gluon density is solved, previously established within the renormalization group improved small x framework. We find very good description of the structure function $$F_2$$

F
2

and its charm component $$F_2^c$$

F
2
c

. The resulting unintegrated gluon density is found to be consistent with the calculations based on similar approaches available in the literature, with only slightly higher intercept value.
Gravitational instability with a dark matter background: exploring the different scenarios
Authors: Ourabah Kamel
Published: June 2022

We study the Jeans-type gravitational instability for a self-gravitating medium composed of two species, baryonic (bright) and dark matter particles, using a hybrid quantum-classical fluid approach. Baryonic matter is treated classically, which is appropriate for most astrophysical environments, e.g., Bok globules, while dark matter is treated through a quantum hydrodynamic approach allowing for possible nonlinearities. These nonlinearities may arise in bosonic dark matter due to attractive or repulsive short-range self-interaction (attractive interaction being more relevant for axions) or from the Pauli exclusion principle for fermionic dark matter, e.g., massive neutrinos. This allows us to explore, in a very broad context, the impact of a dark matter background on the Jeans process for different scenarios discussed in the literature. We confront the established stability criterion with Bok globule stability observations and show that the model adequately accounts for the data with dark matter parameters close to those predicted independently from numerical simulations.
Assessing and Improving an Evaluation Dataset for Detecting Semantic Code Clones via Deep Learning
Authors: Yu Hao , Hu Xing , Li Ge , Li Ying , Wang Qianxiang , Xie Tao
Published: June 2022

In recent years, applying deep learning to detect semantic code clones has received substantial attention from the research community. Accordingly, various evaluation benchmark datasets, with the most popular one as BigCloneBench, are constructed and selected as benchmarks to assess and compare different deep learning models for detecting semantic clones. However, there is no study to investigate whether an evaluation benchmark dataset such as BigCloneBench is properly used to evaluate models for detecting semantic code clones. In this article, we present an experimental study to show that BigCloneBench typically includes semantic clone pairs that use the same identifier names, which however are not used in non-semantic-clone pairs. Subsequently, we propose an undesirable-by-design Linear-Model that considers only which identifiers appear in a code fragment; this model can achieve high effectiveness for detecting semantic clones when evaluated on BigCloneBench, even comparable to state-of-the-art deep learning models recently proposed for detecting semantic clones. To alleviate these issues, we abstract a subset of the identifier names (including type, variable, and method names) in BigCloneBench to result in AbsBigCloneBench and use AbsBigCloneBench to better assess the effectiveness of deep learning models on the task of detecting semantic clones.
SketchMaker: Sketch Extraction and Reuse for Interactive Scene Sketch Composition
Authors: Liu Fang , Deng Xiaoming , Song Jiancheng , Lai Yu-Kun , Liu Yong-Jin , Wang Hao , Ma Cuixia , Qin Shengfeng , Wang Hongan
Published: June 2022

Sketching is an intuitive and simple way to depict sciences with various object form and appearance characteristics. In the past few years, widely available touchscreen devices have increasingly made sketch-based human-AI co-creation applications popular. One key issue of sketch-oriented interaction is to prepare input sketches efficiently by non-professionals because it is usually difficult and time-consuming to draw an ideal sketch with appropriate outlines and rich details, especially for novice users with no sketching skills. Thus, sketching brings great obstacles for sketch applications in daily life. On the other hand, hand-drawn sketches are scarce and hard to collect. Given the fact that there are several large-scale sketch datasets providing sketch data resources, but they usually have a limited number of objects and categories in sketch, and do not support users to collect new sketch materials according to their personal preferences. In addition, few sketch-related applications support the reuse of existing sketch elements. Thus, knowing how to extract sketches from existing drawings and effectively re-use them in interactive scene sketch composition will provide an elegant way for
sketch-based image retrieval (SBIR)
applications, which are widely used in various touch screen devices. In this study, we first conduct a study on current SBIR to better understand the main requirements and challenges in sketch-oriented applications. Then we develop the SketchMaker as an interactive sketch extraction and composition system to help users generate scene sketches via reusing object sketches in existing scene sketches with minimal manual intervention. Moreover, we demonstrate how SBIR improves from composited scene sketches to verify the performance of our interactive sketch processing system. We also include a sketch-based video localization task as an alternative application of our sketch composition scheme. Our pilot study shows that our system is effective and efficient, and provides a way to promote practical applications of sketches.
The Intersection of Algorithmically Random Closed Sets and Effective Dimension
Authors: Case Adam , Porter Christopher P.
Published: June 2022

In this article, we study several aspects of the intersections of algorithmically random closed sets. First, we answer a question of Cenzer and Weber, showing that the operation of intersecting relatively random closed sets (random with respect to certain underlying measures induced by Bernoulli measures on the space of codes of closed sets), which preserves randomness, can be inverted: a random closed set of the appropriate type can be obtained as the intersection of two relatively random closed sets. We then extend the Cenzer/Weber analysis to the intersection of multiple random closed sets, identifying the Bernoulli measures with respect to which the intersection of relatively random closed sets can be non-empty. We lastly apply our analysis to provide a characterization of the effective Hausdorff dimension of sequences in terms of the degree of intersectability of random closed sets that contain them.
Probabilistic Bigraphs
Authors: Archibald Blair , Calder Muffy , Sevegnani Michele
Published: June 2022

Bigraphs are a universal computational modelling formalism for the spatial and temporal evolution of a system in which entities can be added and removed. We extend bigraphs to probabilistic bigraphs, and then again to action bigraphs, which include non-determinism and rewards. The extensions are implemented in the BigraphER toolkit and illustrated through examples of virus spread in computer networks and data harvesting in wireless sensor systems. BigraphER also supports the existing
stochastic bigraphs
extension of Krivine et al. and using BigraphER we give, for the first time, a direct implementation of the membrane budding model used to motivate stochastic bigraphs.
A Case of Gitelman Syndrome with Hypercalcemia Secondary to Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Alnahas Zeinab , Markov Marko , Horani Mohamad H.
Published: June 2022

Gitelman syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, and secondary hyperaldosteronism. However, hypercalcemia secondary to hypocalciuria is extremely rare during the disease. A 36-year-old normotensive man who suffered a motor vehicle accident was presented with hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and mild hypercalcemia. He had a past medical history significant for bipolar depression disorder and a history of chronic atrial fibrillation. He was diagnosed with Gitelman syndrome. However, he was noncompliant with his medications. A laboratory workup revealed hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, and a high parathyroid hormone level. Thorough investigations identified primary hyperparathyroidism as the primary cause of hypercalcemia. To our knowledge, Gitelman syndrome and primary hyperparathyroidism are an extremely rare association that is present in our case.
Evolutionary Analysis of Supply Chain Integration Strategy on Chinese Steel-Producing Firms considering Policy Risk Cost Factor
Authors: Zhu Lequn , Zhou Ran , Li Xiaojun , Chen Jie
Published: June 2022

Despite a number of adverse factors, China’s steel industry has maintained a rapid growth trend. China continues to consume two-thirds of the world’s iron ore, the majority of which is imported. In this context, Chinese steel companies have begun to consider integrating their supply chains to increase efficiency and lower costs. However, the increasingly volatile international environment makes this an extremely risky proposition. As a result, the issue of how Chinese steel producers should participate in global supply chain integration has emerged as a critical research question that requires investigation. In this paper, we examine the supply chain integration problem using a typical China–Australia steel trade as an example. Specifically, we discuss in detail whether relevant firms should continue to promote supply chain integration in the Chinese–Australian steel industry, as well as the decision boundary of influence, using evolutionary game theory and policy risk cost factors. The empirical analysis demonstrates that policy risk has a range of effects on different types of steel firms. Even when international tensions are considered, smaller steel companies may retain a greater willingness to integrate their supply chains. Overall, the above findings can provide necessary decision support for enterprises to formulate supply chain management strategies.
On Solutions of Hybrid–Sturm-Liouville–Langevin Equations with Generalized Versions of Caputo Fractional Derivatives
Authors: Boutiara Abdellatif , Wahash Hanan A. , Zahran Heba Y. , Mahmoud Emad E. , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem , Yousef El Sayed
Published: June 2022

The main intention of this research article is to introduce a new class of generalized fractional differential equations that fall into the categories of Sturm-Liouville’s, Langevin’s, and hybrid’s problems involving

Y

-Caputo fractional derivatives. The existence of the solutions of the proposed equations is discussed by using the technique of the measure of noncompactness related to the fixed point theorem, which is a generalization of Darbo’s fixed point theorem. Additionally, pertinent examples are provided along with the different values of the function

Y

to confirm the validity of the reported results.
Identification of Differentially Expressed Long Noncoding RNAs as Functional Biomarkers and Construction of Function Enrichment Network in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Fang , Wang Ke , Chen Yaojun , Zhang Yanzhen
Published: June 2022

Objective. This study aims to find the novel lncRNAs closely related to the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by comprehensively analyzing microarray. Methods. Chip dataset GSE84805 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, lncRNA expression profiles of OSCC and paracancerous tissue were obtained, probes sequences reannotation was conducted, and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Finally, these data were analyzed by constructing the lncRNA-function enrichment network. Results. We found that 465 lncRNAs are differentially expressed consisting of 193 upregulated lncRNAs and 272 downregulated lncRNAs. Meanwhile, 811 DEGs were identified with 498 upregulated genes and 313 downregulated genes. Analysis of the lncRNA-function enrichment network showed that these aberrant lncRNAs may be related to focal adhesion, inflammatory response pathway, cell cycle, matrix metalloproteinases, and other biological functions. Also, we found that some key lncRNAs such as LINC00152 and HOXA11-AS have been shown to play an important role in tumor proliferation and migration. Conclusion. The key lncRNAs may serve as potential molecular markers or therapeutic targets in OSCC formation and development. It can also help us to understand the molecular mechanism of occurrence and development in OSCC.
Construction of Metabolic Molecular Classification and Immune Characteristics for the Prognosis Prediction of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Wang Kexin , He Hui , Feng Xue
Published: June 2022

Background. Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women’s health. Molecular classification based on metabolic genes can reflect the deeper characteristics of ovarian cancer and provide support for prognostic evaluation and the guidance of individualized treatment. Method. The metabolic subtypes were determined by consensus clustering and CDF. We used the ssGSEA method to calculate the IFNγ score of each patient. The CIBERSORT method was used to evaluate the score distribution and differential expression of 22 immune cells, and LDA was applied to establish a subtype classification feature index. The Kaplan-Meier and ROC curves were generated to validate the prognostic performance of metabolic subtypes in different cohorts. WGCNA was used to screen the coexpression modules associated with metabolic genes. Results. We obtained three metabolic subtypes (MC1, MC2, and MC3). MC2 had the best prognosis, and MC1 and MC3 had poor prognoses. Consistently, MC2 subtype had higher T cell lytic activity and lower angiogenesis, IFNγ, T cell dysfunction, and rejection scores. TIDE analysis showed that MC2 patients were more likely to benefit from immunotherapy; MC1 patients were more sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors and traditional chemotherapy drugs. The multiclass AUCs based on the RNASeq and GSE cohorts were 0.93 and 0.84, respectively. Finally, we screened 11 potential gene markers related to the metabolic characteristic index that could be used to indicate the prognosis of OC. Conclusion. Molecular subtypes related to metabolism are crucial to comprehensively understand the molecular pathological characteristics related to metabolism for OC development, explore reliable markers for prognosis, improve the OC staging system, and guide personalized treatment.
Baseline Serum Estradiol Level Is Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Moderately Severe and Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Pan Jia-Jia , Liu Wei-Li , Lu Guo-Tao , Ma Xing-Jie , Zheng Qing-Bin , Wei Guang-Fa , Tian Ge-Yan , Meng Li-Jun
Published: June 2022

Background. Sexual dimorphism with critical diseases has been documented. However, the role of serum sex hormones for the presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in moderately or severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP and SAP) patients remains controversial. Here we set out to evaluate whether early (first 48 h) serum estradiol level is associated with AKI in patients with MSAP and SAP. Patients and Methods. We retrospectively collected data from patients with preliminary diagnosis of MSAP and SAP from the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University between January 2014 and June 2018. Serum sex hormones were extracted for further assessment within first 48 h following admission. Logistic regression analysis and the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve were applied to evaluate the association and correlation between serum sex hormones and AKI. Results. Data from a total of 122 patients with MSAP or SAP were enrolled in this study. There were no differences in the incidence of AKI between males and females. However, comparing with patients without AKI, those with AKI saw higher estradiol level (

p
≤
0.01

) and slight higher progesterone level (

p
=
0.014

) but similar testosterone level (

p
=
0.668

). Interestingly, during both the manual selection and the stepwise backward logistic regression analysis, serum estradiol level was independently associated with AKI in patients with MSAP and SAP (OR 4.699, CI 1.783-12.386, and

p
=
0.002

). Additionally, area under the curve of ROC (AUCROC) showed that serum estradiol level was a proper predictor for AKI (area under the curve 0.875). Specifically, the serum estradiol level of 223.15 pg/mL demonstrated a 92.3% sensitive and a 79.3% specificity in predicting AKI of MSAP and SAP patients, respectively. Conclusions. High baseline serum estradiol level appears to be an independent risk factor for AKI in patients with MSAP and SAP. It also tends to be an appropriate indicator for AKI.
Relationship of Placental Vascular Indices with Macroscopic, Histopathologic, and Intraoperative Blood Loss in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Firmansha Dilmy Mohammad Adya , Purwosunu Yuditiya , Saroyo Yudianto Budi , Hellyanti Tantri , Wibowo Noroyono , Prasmusinto Damar , Irwinda Rima , Andika Santawi Victor Prana , Hasiholan Hizkia Mangaraja , Hiksas Rabbania
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Placenta accreta spectrum is an obstetrical complication with a high level of morbidity. The 3-dimensional (3D) power Doppler method has been widely used to improve the diagnosis. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate better the relationship of quantitative placental vascular indices towards macroscopic findings, histopathological grading, and intraoperative blood loss in the disorder. Methods. A preliminary study using a cross-sectional design was conducted on 34 clinically diagnosed women with PAS. The 3D power Doppler with the VOCAL II software was used to measure the level of vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI). Gross anatomical appearance and histopathology results were categorized as accreta, increta, and percreta. In addition, the intraoperative blood loss level was measured, and 1500 mL was the cutoff for massive hemorrhage. Results. The vascularity indexes were VI = 44.2 (23.7–74.9), FI = 35.4 (24.9–57), and VFI = 15.3 (8.5–41.7). The FI value was significant in comparing gross pathological stages (

p
=
0.015

) and had a moderate positive correlation in relation to blood loss (r = 0.449). VI, FI, and VFI above the cutoff values were shown to be strongly associated with blood loss

≥

1500 cc with aOR 7.00 (95% CI 1.23–39.56), aOR 10.00 (95% CI 1.58–63.09), and aOR 9.16 (95% CI 1.53–54.59), respectively. Conclusion. This preliminary study demonstrated an initial potential of the FI value from 3D USG power Doppler to predict the depth of PAS invasion before surgery and intraoperative blood loss level.
STATCOM Controller Tuning to Enhance LVRT Capability of Grid-Connected Wind Power Generating Plants
Authors: Muisyo Irene Ndunge , Muriithi Christopher Maina , Kamau Stanley Irungu
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates the utilization of a STATCOM to enhance the LVRT capability of wind power plants (WPPs) during grid faults. The STATCOM under investigation is tuned using the Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and a hybrid algorithm of both WCA and PSO. Simulations are conducted in MATLAB programming software, using the SimScape power system toolbox, where two test systems are investigated: a 9 MW WPP and the IEEE 39 bus test system. Performance analysis is done by investigating the ability of the WPPs to ride through grid voltage sags, with the incorporation of the STATCOM, independently tuned using WCA, PSO, and further with the hybrid WCA-PSO algorithm. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulation results for the three scenarios are compared. Results show that the LVRT capability of the German power system was met for L-G faults, for the 9 MW test system, whereas during LLL-G faults, the WPP only remained online for WCA and WCA-PSO tuned STATCOM. For the IEEE 39 bus system, the WPPs were able to ride through the LLL-G fault. In all scenarios, the WCA-PSO tuned STATCOM resulted in the least voltage, active, and reactive power overshoots.
Chemical Regulation Effect of Water Use Efficiency of Maize Intercropping
Authors: Chen Hongwei , Huang Ling
Published: June 2022

In order to solve the practical problems of large water demand and shortage of water resources in traditional wheat/maize intercropping, a planting method of changing stubble retention method is proposed in this paper. This method was used to study the effects of three stubble retention methods of traditional wheat straw incineration, straw return, and straw stubble on grain yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and economic benefits of wheat/maize intercropping. The results showed that, compared with the grain yield of burning and returning, the single cropping of wheat increased by 7.2% and 5.1%, the intercropping of wheat increased by 6.2% and 5.1%, the single cropping of corn increased by 4.7% and 2.5%, and the intercropping of corn increased by 7.2% and 3.3%, respectively; compared with the burned and returned WUE, wheat monoculture increased by 20.4% and 16.2%, respectively, wheat intercropping increased by 17.9% and 14.6%, respectively, corn monoculture increased by 16.7% and 10.9%, respectively, and corn intercropping increased by 11.8% and 17.0%, respectively. In terms of the average value of monoculture wheat, monoculture corn, and wheat/corn, the net benefits of incineration, turning, and stubble treatment are 10946, 11471, and 13454 yuan • hm−2, respectively. Considering the grain yield, water use efficiency, and net income, the standing stubble planting mode is the best planting mode of wheat/maize in this area.
Design of Multimedia Intelligent Teaching Platform for Preschool Curriculum Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Liu Hai , Li Min , Yang Xiaoping
Published: June 2022

Intelligent teaching platform integrates the respective advantages of network and traditional teaching and makes the teaching content develop in a diversified direction. However, due to the poor response performance of the platform, a multimedia intelligent teaching platform for children’s courses based on edge computing is designed. Construct the overall framework of the teaching platform under the edge computing, and get the functions that the platform needs to have. Set the authority and role of administrators, teachers, and children’s parents, respectively. Develop Android server and client, determine web server, define main parameters, evaluate the quality of teaching platform, and complete the design of teaching platform. The experimental results show that the platform responds quickly, provides users with good experience effect, and has good application performance.
Physicochemical Characterization and Viability Assays of a Promising Formulation of Liposomes (DODAB‐DOPC) in Complexation with ctDNA
Authors: Ochoa-Sánchez C. I. , Ochoa Lara K. , Martínez-Soto J. M. , Martínez-Higuera A. , Iñiguez-Palomares R. A. , Moreno-Corral R. , Rodríguez-León E. , Soto-Guzmán A. , Rodríguez-Beas C.
Published: June 2022

The search of new genetic vectors that improve the efficacy of gene delivery into diseased cells has led to the creation of several vector formulations that promote effectiveness in applications. However, DNA affinity to vectors as well as vector/DNA complex stability remains a problem to be solved. Here, we study lipoplexes made of DODAB‐DOPC cationic liposomes (CL) and calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) as a preliminary cargo gene model of a novel vector formulation to improve DNA delivery efficacy and affinity. Physicochemical characterization was carried out by Z‐potential (ζ), light scattering, ultraviolet, fluorescence spectra, confocal, and electronic microscopy to prove CL and ctDNA complexation and high affinity. Through this approach, ζ and light scattering results indicate an effective CL and ctDNA complexation; CL charge decreases as ctDNA concentration increases. Obtained spectra from UV and fluorescence show high affinity between CL and ctDNA. This can be also verified by confocal microscopy images and electronic microscopy micrographs. All experiments show effective binding between CL and ctDNA, and fluorescence experiments show EtBr displacing as CL concentration increments. CL cytotoxicity assays show high viability when ctDNA is complexed; these results are comparable with those obtained using Lipofectamine 2000. Easy complexation and low cytotoxicity make them a promising formulation for gene delivery. The obtained results from this work motivate us to keep searching for new genetic vector formulations, which could reduce its cytotoxic effect and improve its transfection efficiency, in addition to the low cost of production compared with some commercial products.
Analysis of Agricultural Products Supply Chain Traceability System Based on Internet of Things and Blockchain
Authors: Zhang Qi
Published: June 2022

The quality and safety of agricultural products cannot be separated from rural revitalization. This is also related to the interests and development of participating in the agricultural supply chain. The traditional unitary agricultural product quality supervision system meets the growing market demand and requirements. This paper constructs the traceability and blockchain of agricultural products supply chain, as well as the trusted computing model of Internet of things nodes based on blockchain. The results show that the trusted computing model of IOT nodes based on blockchain can effectively identify and remove malicious nodes, ensure the effectiveness, tamperability, security, and reliability of agricultural product process data, greatly reduce the transaction delay, and provide a guarantee.
Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles from Ziziphus nummularia Fruit Extract: Effect on Hair Growth Rate and Activity against Selected Bacterial and Fungal Strains
Authors: Khalil Muhammad Saqib , Shakeel Muhammad , Gulfam Naila , Ahmad Syed Umair , Aziz Aamir , Ahmad Junaid , Bibi Shabana , Chopra Hitesh , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Idris Abubakr M. , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin , Hassan Manal Ewaiss , Emran Talha Bin
Published: June 2022

Nanoparticles are extensively used in biomedical and biotechnological research. Their large surface area, excellent physical properties, high permeability, and retention effect make them ideal for biomedical applications including diagnosis and treatment. Silver nanoparticles proved to be the safest for therapeutic uses. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared using various ratios of Ziziphus nummularia fruit extract and silver nitrate solution. The nanoparticles were investigated for hair growth and antibacterial and antifungal activities. Characterization of AgNPs was done by using UV‐spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimeter (TG), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and master sizer. UV‐spectrophotometer results showed the best ratio 10 : 10 of Z. nummularia fruit aqueous extract to silver solution for nanoparticle production at 400 to 430 nm wavelength. The size of AgNPs was 40 nm as measured by SEM. Characterization of AgNPs through EDX resulted in a silver peak at 3 keV. In contrast, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) spectra show that the AgNPs are stable up to 160°C. The XED spectra gave 12 nm size of crystallite at 2 theta degree angle. FTIR bands for the metal oxides were recorded at 665 cm-1. Weight loss of the prepared nanoparticles was observed due to moisture loss when subjected to TGA, whereas particle size distribution 0.1 μm to 0.17 μm was recorded by the master seizer. The Z. nummularia fruit aqueous extract‐mediated AgNPs were noted highly effective against Gram‐positive bacteria compared to ethanolic, methanolic, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts of Z. nummularia fruit. The Gram‐negative bacteria fungal species showed less sensitivity to AgNPs. The hair growth activity was observed to be higher for AgNPs followed by minoxidil than ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Z. nummularia fruit. These findings have concluded that Z. nummularia‐AgNPs have an effective hair growth activity and exhibit several applications in distinctive biomedical and pharmaceutical industries.