bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Разработка веб-портала, предоставляющего образовательные и социальные услуги в области анимации
Authors: Bokan M. , Nurbekkyzy A. , Bayanbay A. , Satybaldiyeva R.Zh. , Kasymova A.B.
Published: February 2022

The article presents the basic concept of developing the user interface and a web portal providing educational and social services in the field of animation. The main requirements and characteristics of a web portal are given, and the direct testing procedure is described using the survey and comparative analysis.

В статье представлена основная концепция разработки пользовательского интерфейса и веб-портала, предоставляющего образовательные и социальные услуги в области анимации. Приведены основные требования и характеристики веб-портала, а также описана процедура прямого тестирования с использованием опроса и сравнительного анализа.
Development of a delivery management system for logistics companies and analysis of logistics risks usind SAS software
Authors: Алиайдар Н. , Жақсыбай М. , Жапар А. , Сүлеймен С. , Куатбаева А.А.
Published: February 2022

Логистическая деятельность многогранна. Он включает управление транспортом, складирование, склады, персонал, организацию информационных систем и коммерческую деятельность. Каждая из перечисленных функций глубоко изучена и описана в соответствующей отрасли дисциплины.

Logistics activities are multifaceted. It includes transport management, warehousing, warehousing, personnel, information system organization and commercial activities. Each of these functions has been extensively studied and described in the relevant discipline.
Designing a biometric model of human identification
Authors: Тұрсынхан А.М. , Амал Ж.Е. , Джомартова Ш.А. , Куатбаева А.А.
Published: February 2022

Мақалада саусақ іздерінің бірегей ерекшеліктерінің орналасуы туралы деректер неғұрлым толық және жалған ақпараттың ең аз мазмұнымен сақталатын бейненің түрленуін әзірлеу және іске асыру қарастырылған. Саусақ іздері бойынша тұлғаны сәйкестендіру жүйесін іске асыру саусақ таңбасын өңдеу және оны басқатаңбалармен салыстырудың барлық кезеңдерін бірыңғай интерфейсте біріктіруге мүмкіндік береді.

The article provides for the development and implementation of image modification, in which data about the location of unique features of fingerprints are stored in a more complete and minimal content of false information. The implementation of the fingerprint identification system allows you to combine all the steps of fingerprint processing and comparing it with other characters in a single interface.
Разработка программного обеспечения автоматизации процессов отдела науки университета
Authors: Kenesova K.A. , Maralova Y.S. , Islam A.K. , Moldagulova A.N.
Published: February 2022

In the article, the basic conception of software development for automating the processes of university science department is presented. The goal is to automate the process of collecting teachers' research papers, generating statistics by the portal the masters and doctors’ works including monograph, books, methodical, normative, directive document, abstract of paper with certificate, informationleaflet, article.

В статье представлена основная концепция разработки программного обеспечения автоматизации процессов отдела по науке университета. Цель состоит в том, чтобы автоматизировать процесс сбора исследовательских работ учителей, генерируя ста-тистику порталом. Работы научно-преподавательского состава включает себя монографии, книги, методический, нормативный, директивный документ, в том числе реферат с сертификатом, информационный листок, статья.

Дипломдық жоба аясында профессорлық-оқытушылық құрам мен оның ғылыми қызметі туралы барлық ақпаратты қамтитын «IT Science» онлайн ғылыми порталы құрылды. Жобаның мақсаты -оқытушылардың ғылыми-зерттеу жұмыстарын жинау процесін автоматтандыру, құрылған онлайн портал арқылы әр жұмыс жасалған бағыт бойынша статистикалық мәліметтералу. Аталған сайтқа оқытушы құрам өз ғылыми жұмыстарын, атап айтқанда монография, жинақ, әдістемелік, нормативтік, директивалық құжаттар, анықтама, реферат, ақпараттық парақ, мақалаларын жүктей алады.
SAS applications for research and development of methods of protection of data protection CRM enterprise systems
Authors: Муканова М.Ф. , Дуйсебекова К.С. , Куатбаева А.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлена основная концепция разработки методик защиты данных CRM-системы предприятия. Приведены основные требования и характеристики пользовательского интерфейса, защиты данных, а также описана непосредственная процедура разработки на примере готовой CRM-системы. В качестве примера приводится база хранилища данных предприятия “TOO Study&Work”. Исследованные методики созданы для анализа эффективности защиты данных.

The article presents the basic concept of developing data protection methods for the CRM system of an enterprise. The basic requirements and characteristics of the user interface, data protection is described, as well as the direct development procedure is described on the example of a finished CRM system.
Обработка нечетных запросов к системам реляционных баз данных для таргетированной рекламы
Authors: Mukhanov A.T. , Shamoi P.S.
Published: February 2022

The given paper is dedicated to fuzzy queries processing on relational databases. A feature of the work is that a methodology has been developed based on the Theory of Fuzzy Sets and Logic, which allows you to make database queries that are written completely in natural language. The aim of the project is to develop an effective methodology and application for processing fuzzy queries with the aim of introducing a natural language into the process of setting up targeted advertising using fuzzy logic. A distinctive advantage of the developed system is that it allows you to make a request in a natural language, without the need to follow the standard rules for querying. In addition, this methodology can easily be integrated into the system from any field in which the target selection may have fuzzy conditions. As a result, a methodology was created for processing fuzzy requests in a natural language, as well as a system from the field of targeted direct marketing, in which a target selection based on the proposed method takes place

Данный проект посвящен обработке нечетких запросов к реляционным базам данных. Особенностью работы является то, что была разработана методология, основанная на Теории Нечетких Множеств и Логики, позволяющая совершать запросы к базе данных, полностью написанные естественном языке.Цель проекта -разработать эффективную методологию и приложение для обработки нечетких запросов с целью внедрения естественного языка в процесс настройки целевой рекламы с использованием нечеткой логики.Отличительным преимуществом разработанной системы является то, что запрос совершается полностью на естественном языке, без необходимости следования стандартным правилам совершения запросов, что упрощает работу пользователя, освобождает его от необходимости четко указывать условия. Помимо этого, данная методология с легкостью может быть интегрирована в различные системы, в которых целевая выборка может иметь нечеткие условия.В результате была создана методология для обработки нечетких запросов на естественном языке, а также система из области целевого прямого маркетинга, в которой происходит целевая выборка на основе предложенного метода.
Использование нечетких множеств и логики длясентимент-анализа текста в социальных сетях
Authors: Zimanova D.A. , Sadir A.K. , Kassymov B.M. , Shamoi P.S.
Published: February 2022

This paper is devoted to usage of fuzzy logic in sentiment analysis of social network comments. The main feature of our work is that we aim to provide not only novel algorithm for sentiment analysis, but also to approve the correctness of our method, we implemented a prototype application on iOS platform. Our target audience is bloggers, business owners, SMM managers, artists and even government workers. In today’s world, huge value of information is created every day. However, all these data is unstructured, which means that, despite that Internet is a transparent platform for reading data, it is impossible to make sense out of big data. Using our application user will be able to access generalized public mood towards some topics from social network posts.

Данная статья посвящена использованию нечеткой логики в сентимент-анализе комментариев в социальных сетях. Особенностью работы является то, что задача заключается не только в использовании нового алгоритма для сентимент-анализа, но и в разработке прототипного приложения на платформе iOS. Целевой аудиторией данного приложения являются блогеры, владельцы бизнесов, SMM-менеджеры, артисты и даже правительственные служащие. В наше время огромное количество информации генерируется в интернете каждый день. Однако все эти неструктурированные данные, хоть и прозрачны для пользователей сети, их все же практически невозможно обработать. Используя наше приложение, пользователь может получить обобщенное мнение людей касательно тем в социальных сетях.
Expert systems as the field of intelligent information systems
Authors: Лик Э.В. , Ким Е.Р.
Published: February 2022

В данной статье расмотрена экспертная система и приведена ее упрощенная архитектура. Функционирование экспертной системы проанализировано на примере библиотеки «experta» на языке программирования Python, основной задачей которой является выявление диабета у детей.

In this article the expert system is reviewed and its simplified architecture is given. The functioning of the expert system is analyzed with the example of «experta» library in the Python programming language, the main task of which is to detect diabetes in children.
Development of system for distance measuring using stereo image
Authors: Ахметов Д.Р. , Джаппаркулов Б.К.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлена разработанная система определения расстояния до объекта по его стереоизображению. Дано краткое описание назначения системы, алгоритма еѐ работы, а также приведены результаты работы системы на каждом этапе алгоритма. Кроме того, были проведены экспериментальные исследования точности определения расстояния системы, на основе которых обсуждены ограничения использования данной системы.

In the article a developed system for measuring the distance to an object from its stereo image is presented. A brief description of the purpose of the system and its operation algorithm is described. The results of the system work at each stage of the algorithm are shown. In addition, experimental studies of the accuracy of the distance measuring of the system were carried out, on the basis of which the limitations of the system application were discussed.
Application of artificial intelligence algorithms for determination of bulling in video flow in secondary educational institutions
Authors: Аубакирова Г.Г. , Омаров А.Р. , Салаватов И.Г. , Куандыков А.А. , Куатбаева А.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлена основная концепция разработки ПО для определения буллинга в видеопотоке.

The article presents the basic concept of development of software for determination of bulling in the video stream.
Investigation of the possibilities of analyzing digital substation data by using fiber optic current transformers
Authors: Беисов Т.М. , Ибраев А.
Published: February 2022

Развитие технологических систем IOT является неизбежным фактом, к которому движется научно-технический прогресс, данная технология актуальна во всех направлениях, одна из них это интеллектуальная система электроснабжения. Поэтому для реализации данных проектов нужна интеграция в областях сферы коммуникации, информационных систем и систем обработки данных.

The development of IOT technology systems is an inevitable fact that requires all intelligent power systems. To implement these projects, integration in the field of communications, information systems and data processing systems is necessary.Keywords: Relay protection, data transmission, waveguide, current transformer, faraday effect, data analysis.
Blockchain technology prospects
Authors: Абенова А.М. , Жамбакина Л.Б. , Омаров Г.Б.
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the prospects of blockchain technologies in various fields, such as IT, retail, education, law and medicine. The authors give a generalized description of the advantages of this trend. Special attention is paid to examples of existing commercial projects that have proved successful in implementing blockchain, with the aim of introducing their analogues. Despite this, most of them need to be refined and further modernized, which could be implemented by domestic entrepreneurs. The study of this material will allow you to implement blockchain technologies in your business and organization. This topic will be of interest to researchers, students, entrepreneurs and a wide range of readers.
Pengaruh Penerimaan Diri terhadap Perilaku Belajar Mahasiswa Wanita di Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Kampus Kota Madiun
Authors: Susilaningsih Chaterina Yeni
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerimaan diri terhadap perilaku belajar mahasiswa wanita di Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Kampus Kota Madiun. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 20 orang mahasiswa wanita. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah penerimaan diri (X1) dan perilaku belajar (Y), sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan  melalui angket dengan skala pengukuran penerimaan diri dan skala perilaku belajar dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Uji coba alat ukur melalui uji validitas menggunakan metode product moment, sedangkan uji reabilitas menggunakan rumus Alpha Cronbach. Untuk uji normalitas dibuktikan melalui rumus Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi. Pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh t hitung sebesar 1,496 dengan menggunakan derajat kebebasan db = n-k-1 = 20-2-1 = 17 pada taraf signifikan 5% diperoleh nilai kritis dari t tabel = 1,739. Karena t hitung < t tabel (1,496 < 1,739), maka Ha ditolak dan Ho diterima, yang berarti tidak ada pengaruh peneriman diri terhadap perilaku belajar mahasiswa wanita di Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Kampus Kota Madiun.
Effect of weather parameters on the initiation and progression of sheath blight of rice
Authors: RINI PAL  , DIPANKAR MANDAL  , MOHAN KUMAR BISWAS  , BIRENDRA NATH PANJA
Published: February 2022

Sheath blight disease is one of the major fungal diseases of rice. Studies on the role of different weather parameters in the initiation and progression of the disease was carried out taking seven weather parameters as independent variables and cumulative and periodical increment in percent disease index as dependent variables. The main aim was to find out the most critical and contributory weather parameter (s) towards development of the disease in west central table land zone of Odisha. The study revealed that a heavy rainfall was conducive for initiation of the disease followed by low and intermittent rainfall of 13 to 38 mm, which was found favourable for progression of the disease. A maximum temperature range of 310C to 340C, minimum temperature range of 170C to 230C with 70 to 83 per cent evening relative humidity were found favourable for disease development and spread.
Assessment of thermal heat requirement, radiation energy, water use efficiency, and yield of mango cv Dashehari using fertigation method
Authors: TARUN ADAK  , KAILASH KUMAR  , VINOD KUMAR SINGH
Published: February 2022

Thermal heat requirement as well as energy components depend on weather parameters. Critical phenological stages was taken into consideration for the thermal heat requirement during 2013-15 under fertigation treatment (25, 50 and 75 per cent of recommended fertilizer dose) in mango cv Dashehari at Lucknow region. Mango productivity varied from 4.54-11.84 t ha-1 across different fertigationregimes as a result of differential thermal heat accumulation. In the treatment 25 per cent RDF, productivity of 5.23, 11.13 and 6.12 t ha-1 was recorded during 2013, 2014 and 2015 while in 50 per cent RDF, 6.23, 11.84 and 7.76 t ha-1 was observed. The maximum yield reduction (37.5, 14 and 26.1%) was found in control plot. A significant variation in radiation energy received during the field experiment was revealed and a range of 8.97 to 16.27 mm day-1 extraterrestrial radiation was observed at different critical phenological stages. The heat use efficiency (HUE) varied between 2.54-6.78 g m-2°Cd-1 across seasons and treatments. Water use efficiency (WUE) of 10.8, 14.1, 13.5 and 11.7 kg fruits m-3 was recorded in different fertigated treatments. The highest reduction in WUE was noted in control (23.9%) followed by 17.2 and 4.8% in 25 and 50 per cent as compared to 75 per cent fertigation regimes.
Trends in temperature and rainfall extremes during recent years at different stations of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: RAJENDRA PRASAD  , JYOTI PATIAL  , ANUPAM SHARMA
Published: February 2022

Daily maximum and minimum temperatures of 4 stations and rainfall of 22 stations of Himachal Pradesh for the period of 1970 to 2014 have been used to work out extreme climate indices and trends. The temperature and rainfall indices for different stations studied showed no uniform trend. The results indicated the increasing trend in minimum of maximum and minimum of minimum temperature. The increased frequency of warm nights and warm spell but decrease in the number of hot days and hot nights were observed at Bajaura and Shimla. The maximum one day rainfall amount, maximum 5-day rainfall during the month and very wet days were found to decrease at most of the stations in the state. Consecutive wet days (CWD) and annual total rainy days (PRCPTOT) showed statistically mixed trends at various stations in the state.
Effect of epidemiological factors on the severity of stripe rust of wheat caused by Puccinia striiformis
Authors: VISHAL GUPTA  , ARUN KHAJURIA  , V.K.RAZDAN  , DEEPAK KHER  , ATUL KUMAR
Published: February 2022

The effect of epidemiological factors on the severity of stripe rust in cv. PBW 343, under early sowing conditions were studied during 2013-14 and 2014-15, rabi seasons. The disease was first appeared in 1st standard meteorological week (SMW) when the crop stage was at 73 days after sowing. Sharp increase in disease severity was observed during 6th to 8th SMW due to the conducive weatherconditions which prevailed during the previous fortnight. The meteorological parameters like maximum temperature, minimum temperature, morning vapour pressure, evening vapour pressure and micrometeorological parameters (canopy temperature and soil temperature) had significantly positive correlation with the disease severity in the tested wheat variety, whereas, maximum relative humidity had significant negative correlation. Rainfall had moderately positive correlation with the disease severity. The models generated through stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that thermic, and hydric variables contributed significantly for the variance in disease severity. Among the three principal components, Pc1 that was contributed by various epidemiological factors (thermic and biological) accounted for maximum variance in disease severity followed by Pc2 (light variables) and Pc3 (hydric variables).
Progression of powdery mildew on different varieties of wheat and triticale in relation to environmental conditions
Authors: VIPIN KUMAR SHARMA  , RAM NIWAS  , S.S. KARWASRA  , M.S. SAHARAN
Published: February 2022

Six varieties of wheat and triticale (DDK1029, TL2934, PBW174, DPW 621-50, PBW343 and PBW590) were sown in the field of Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana (IIWBR) and Regional Research Station, Dhaulakuan under Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, H.P during seasons 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the role of environmental factors on the development of powdery mildew of wheat (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici). The disease development was positively correlated with temperatures and negatively correlated with evening relative humidity and rainfall under field conditions. Best fit regression model was developed with maximum temperature, evening relative humidity and rainfall across the varieties and locations which explains 64% variation in powdery mildew disease.
A study on sap flow rate of Mallotusphilippensis and its relationship with environmental factors
Authors: T. WATHAM  , N.R. PATEL  , S.P.S. KUSHWAHA  , V. K. DADHWAL
Published: February 2022

Understating of the water availability and its corresponding use by Mallotusphilippensis and its control by climatic factors can give an idea about the ecosystem interaction. The sap flow measurement taken in M. philippensis during 2014 in Barkot forest showed that,the sap flow rate varied with time of day and season and also with radial depth of the tree trunk. The average daily sap flow rate was found to be 11.5 ± 1.7 cm h-1. Month-wise daily sap flow rate ranged between 4.4 to 10.6 cm h-1in outer portion of the trunk and 12.7 to 17.7cm h-1 in the inner portion of the trunk. Night-time sap flow contributed about 44 per cent of the total annual sap flow. Relative humidity was found to have slightly higher effect on diurnal sap flow rate than air temperature. Monthly sap flow was found to be a function of air temperature. The sap flow rate obtained during this study will be used in augmenting carbon flux studies being carried out in Barkot Flux site (BFS) and can be used in development of canopy conductance and stand transpiration models and validations.
Assessment of agroclimatic suitability of apple orchards in Himachal Pradesh under changing climate
Authors: JYOTI SINGH  , N. R. PATEL
Published: February 2022

Apple crop require adequate chilling for breaking its winter dormancy for a usual spring growth. In this study, suitability of apple production was assessed by using GIS based UTAH chill unit model for tactical and strategic adaptation options under changed climatic scenarios. This analysis consists of spatial chilling zonation from year 1978-2013,delineation of suitability classes for apple productionbased on effective chill units(ECU), and shift in apple belt in Himachal Pradesh under changing climate. The result showed spatial extent of chilling zone having ECU>1500 has declined. The traditional apple crop areas are shifting upward in Himachal Pradesh as a result less suitable areas transforming in unsuitable and severely cold areas which were earlier not suitable are becoming suitable for apple cultivation.
Relationship between spectral vegetation indices and crop parameters of maize under nitrogen and water stress
Authors: K. RAMACHANDIRAN  , S. PAZHANIVELAN
Published: February 2022

Field experiments were conducted at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India during kharif and rabi season of 2014 with maize crop (TNAU maize hybrid Co 6). To ensure the stressed environment, the crop was subjected to two irrigation levels (IW/CPE: 0.80 and 0.50) and five staggered nitrogen levels (0, 50, 75, 100 and 125 per cent of recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN). The experiment was laid out in randomized blocks design RBD (Factorial) with three replications. A higher value of spectral vegetation indices viz., NDVI, GNDVI, RVI, LCI, IR-RED and SR were recorded with irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 0.80 either with 100 or 125 per cent RDN (unstressed) applied to maize crop. Maize under stressed environment recorded reduced values of spectral vegetation indices when the crop was irrigated at 0.50 IW/CPE ratio with no nitrogen. All the spectral vegetation indices expressedpositive correlation (highly significant at 1 per cent probability level) with crop parameters. The overall best fit was linear with a regression coefficient between vegetation indices (GNDVI, NDVI) and with crop parameters, and actual grain yield and predicted yield (0.81 to 0.85) of maize. The ability of spectral vegetation indices to quantify the combined effect of nitrogen and water stress on maize too early through remote sensing paves the way for large scale application of satellite remote sensing.
Evaluation of DSSAT-CERES model for irrigation scheduling of wheat crop in Varanasi region of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: CHANDRABHAN PATEL  , A.K. NEMA  , R.S. SINGH  , M.K. YADAV  , S.K. SINGH  , MANGAL SINGH
Published: February 2022

The DSSAT-CERES-Wheat model (V-4.6) was calibrated and validated using field experiment data (2008-2014) collected on phenology, yield and yield attributes of four cultivars ( HUW 234, Kundan, HUW 510 and PBW 373) of wheat for Varanasi. The simulated yields were very close to observed grain yield as evident from R2 of 0.96 with nRMSE (4.92%) and D-index (0.99). The simulated phenological events and yield attributes of wheat cultivars were also in good agreement. Therefore, the model was used for evaluation of irrigation scheduling in wheat crop. The results revealed that the model performance was good under three, four and five irrigation scheduling while poor performance was observed under two and one irrigation treatments.
Agroclimatic indices and phenology of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] in relation to its yield
Authors: SUKHPREET KAUR SIDHU  , JAGMEET KAUR  , INDERJIT SINGH
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of temperature, sunshine hours, day length and phosphorus (P) on phenology of four pigeonpea cultivars (PAU881, AL201, ICPL88039 and MN5) during Kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The results of present investigation indicated that accumulation of growing degree days (AGDD), accumulated photo (APTU) and helio thermal unit (AHTU) was more in cultivar AL201 followed by ICPL88039, PAU881 and MN5for all phenophasic stages.Significant positive correlation was found between accumulated photothermal unit at maturity, pods per plant, seed per pod, 100-seed weight and yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that pods per plant, grain per pod and AGDDM contributed more directly and indirectly to yield so; direct selection of these variables may be beneficial for more seed yield under no added P condition.Cultivars AL201and ICPL88039 were significantly better than MN5 while PAU881 were on par with AL201 for all phenophases stages.
Crop weather relationship in preseasonal sugarcane (Var. CoM 0265)
Authors: P.M. CHAUDHARI  , S.K. GHODKE  , K.C. OMBASE  , D.S. BHOITE  , U.S. BARVE  , S.M. PAWAR
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was carried out at Central Sugarcane Research Station Padegaon, during 2011-12 to 2013-14 to assess the crop weather relationship in preseasonal sugarcane (var. CoM 0265). Treatments were comprised of nine planting dates at 15 days interval starting from 15th October to 15th February. The results indicated that the early planting produced highest cane and CCS (commercialcane sugar) yield. Significantly the highest brix (21.3), sucrose (20.4%), purity (96.8%) and CCS (14.6%) were observed under early planting of sugarcane on 15th October, which was at par with the treatment 01st November, 15th November, 1st December planting. At harvest cane and CCS yield of sugarcane was positively correlated with maximum temperature, wind velocity and pan evaporation. Significantly positive correlation of millable cane, weight per cane was observed with cane and CCS yield.
Effect of sowing time on productivity and thermal utilization of mustard (Brassica juncea) under sub-tropical irrigated conditions of Jammu
Authors: MEENAKSHI GUPTA  , CHARU SHARMA  , RAJEEV SHARMA  , VIKAS GUPTA  , M. K. KHUSHU
Published: February 2022

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of weather variability on mustard crop at Research Farm of Agromet Research Centre, SKUAST-J, Chatha, Jammu during rabi seasons of 2010- 11 to 2012-13. Treatments were comprised of three sowing dates (9th October, 24th October and 8th November) and two cultivars of mustard (RL-1359 and RSPR-01). The results revealed that days taken tophysiological maturity and yield reduced significantly with delayed sowing. Mustard crop sown on 9th October utilised more thermal, and heat units as compared to 24th October and 8th November sown crops. The shortening of the duration of the crop sown late was due to forced maturity because of higher temperature during reproductive phase of the crop. Heat use efficiency (HUE) was found to be higher for earlier sown crop and it decreased with delay in sowing. Correlation studies indicated that lower night temperature during vegetative phase is favourable and higher day temperature during reproductive phase is not favourable for mustard yield.
Effect of heat and nutritional stress on growth and testicular HSP70 expression in goats
Authors: P.A. ABDUL NIYAS  , V. SEJIAN  , M. BAGATH  , S. PARTHIPAN  , SELLAPPAN SELVARAJU  , G. B. MANJUNATHAREDDY  , E.K. KURIEN  , GIRISH VARMA  , R. BHATTA
Published: February 2022

A study was conducted to assess the combined effects of heat and nutritional stress on body weight changes and HSP70 gene expressionin Osmanabadi goats. Twenty four adult Osmanabadi bucks were divided into four groups of six animals each viz. C (control), HS (heat stress), NS (nutritional stress) and CS (combined stress). The C and HS bucks had ad libitum access to their feed while NS and CS bucks were subjected to restricted feed (30% intake of C bucks) to induce nutritional stress. The HS and CS bucks were exposed to heat stress in outside environment for six hours a day between 10:00 h to 16:00 h. Both C and HS groups showed significantly higher (P<0.01) body weight and body condition scoring as compared to NS and CS groups. The highest plasma growth hormone (P<0.01) was recorded in CS group and the lowest in all stress groups (C, HS and NS). The higher (P<0.05) expression of testicular Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA was reported in HS groups. It can be concluded from this study that when nutrition is not compromised Osmanabadi goats were able to withstand heat stress without compromising production.
Projecting future changes in water requirement of grain sorghum in India
Authors: V. M. SANDEEP  , B. BAPUJI RAO  , G. BHARATHI  , V U M Rao  , V. P. PRAMOD  , P. S. CHOWDARY  , N.R. PATEL  , P. VIJAYA KUMAR
Published: February 2022

The spatial distribution and trend in rainfall and crop water requirement for sorghum during different time periods viz. baseline (1981-2010) and two future climate epochs (2021-2050 and 2051- 2080) over all major sorghum (kharif and rabi) growing regions of India was studied using climate change projections data from NorESM-1M model of the CMIP-5 in RCP4.5 scenario. A significant decreasing trend in kharif season rainfall is noticed during 2021-2050 over Madhya Pradesh. Majority of the kharif and rabi sorghum growing regions may receive more rainfall during 2051-2080. Increasing trend is projected for crop water requirement over majority of sorghum regions in both seasons with significant increase over the core growing area of rabi sorghum. Regions were identified where moisturestress is likely to be severe during kharif and rabi seasons.
Comparison of different reference evapotranspiration (ET0) models and determination of crop-coefficients of french bean (Phesiolus vulgaris.) in mid hill region of Meghalaya
Authors: M. TAHASHILDAR  , PRADIP K. BORA  , LALA I. P. RAY  , D. THAKURIA
Published: February 2022

The water requirement and crop evapotranspiration (ETc)is determined using reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and crop-coefficient (kc). Numerous models are available for estimation of ET0,among which Penman-Monteith (FAO-56) model is considered to be the most accurate and universally acceptable. In present study eight models for estimation of ET0viz. Modified Penman method, Hargreaves equation, Samani-Hargreaves equation, Thornthwaite equation, Solar radiation method, Net radiation method, Blaney-Criddle method and Radiation method were compared with Penman-Monteith model to find out the accuracy of prediction with limited weather parameters. Among these, Net radiation and Solar radiation models were found to yield relatively closer values. A field experiment was also conducted withfrench bean (Phesiolus vulgaris.) crop in UMS-GmbH cylindrical field lysimeter of 30 cm diameter and 120 cm deep for determination of crop coefficient taking Penman-Monteith FAO-56 model as the base model for ET0 estimation. The values of ETc as determined in field lysimeter varied from 3.80 mm-d-1 to 5.89 mm-d-1. The kc for initial, mid and maturity were found to be 0.45, 1.01 and 0.39, respectively.
Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and irrigation water requirement of different crops in Bihar
Authors: SUNIL KUMAR
Published: February 2022

For irrigation scheduling and better management of the water, estimation of irrigation water requirement of the crop is essentially required. The study was conducted for estimation of daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) by FAO Penman-Monteith method using 30 years (1985-2015) mean meteorological data of two locations Sabour (zone III A) and Patna (zone III B) in Bihar. The crop evapotranspiration was estimated using crop coefficients of different crops like rice,kharif maize, wheat, rabi maize, green gram and summer maize at Sabour and Patna locations. Irrigation water requirement for different crops was estimated based on crop evapotranspiration and effective rainfall during the growing period of the crop. The mean annual reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was found 3.6 mmday-1 at Sabour and 4.1 mmday-1 at Patna. The total crop evapotranspiration was maximum for rice crop in kharif season 546.0 and 607.3 mm at Sabour and Patna respectively and lowest for wheat crop in rabi season 212.9 mm and 243.3 mm at Sabour and Patna respectively. Net irrigation water requirement was maximum for summer maize366.3at Sabour and 508.2 mm at Patna for rice crop whereas lowest in kharif maize 67.5 and 161.4 mm at Sabour and Patna respectively.
Heat utilization and productivity of summer transplanted rice (Oryzasativa L.) in relation to irrigation schedules and date of transplanting
Authors: B.R. NAYAK  , N. PANIGRAHY  , S. MOHAPATRA  , A.K. MOHANTY  , B. SAHOO  , P.N. JAGDEV  , S. PATEL
Published: February 2022

A study was undertaken at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, Chiplima, Sambalpur, Odisha on rice var. khandagiri during summer season of 2011, 2012 and 2013 in split plot design with three irrigation schedule (main plots) and three date of transplanting (sub plots). Experimental results indicated that the irrigation schedules at one day after disappearance of ponded water (DPW) recorded the highest grain yield of 3.07 t ha-1 which was at par with irrigation schedule at 2-days after DPW. Both the irrigation schedules were significantly superior over 3-days after DPW. The date of transplanting on 15th January produced highest grain yield (3.11t ha-1) which was significantly superior to other transplanting date on 30th January and 15th February. Highest water use efficiency was observed with irrigation schedule at 3-days after DPW (43.7 kg ha-cm-1) and transplanting on 15th January(43.2 kgha-cm-1). The treatment that received irrigation schedule at 1-day after DPW registered the highest dry matter heat use efficiency (3.62 kg ha-10C day-1) and grain yield heat use efficiency(1.84 kg ha-10C day-1).The transplanting on 15th January produced highest dry matter heat use efficiency(3.83 kg ha-10C day-1) and grain yield heat use efficiency(2.05 kg ha-10C day-1) which was significantly superior to other transplanting dates of 30th January and 15th February.
Impact of meteorological factors on population of major insect pests in tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. under middle Gujarat condition
Authors: SUSHMA DEB  , T. M. BHARPODA
Published: February 2022

Investigation on major insect pests in tomato was carried out at Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during rabi seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14. Whitefly population was noticed from 39th standard meteorological week (SMW) with maximum population in 45th SMW (2.72 whiteflies/ 3 compound leaves). Aphid population was noticed from 42nd SMW with highest peak in 52nd SMW (0.98). Maximum larval population of leaf miner was observed in 48th SMW with number of larva 0.86 per 3 compound leaves. The activity of Helicoverpa armigera commenced from 39th SMW with larval population in the range of 0.12 to 1.86 per 3 twigs. Correlation study was carried out to find out impact of abiotic factors on the activity of insect pests. Wind speed on whitefly, H. armigera, leaf miner, spider; maximum temperature on aphid and spider; evening relative humidity on whitefly, aphid, leaf miner and evaporation on aphid were key abiotic factors influencing significantly on the fluctuation of the pests.
Effect of weather parameters on seasonal incidence of pod borer complex in pigeonpea
Authors: B. L. JAT  , K. K. DAHIYA  , ROSHAN LAL  , RAM NIWAS
Published: February 2022

Field experiments were conducted at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during kharif season of 2013 and 2014 to determine the effect of weather parameters on the incidence of pod borer complex on early maturing pigeonpea varieties. The study revealed that the infestation of Helicoverpa armigera and Maruca vitrata started with the onset of bud initiation and reached its peak at flowering stage. The maximum H. armigera larval population (1.83 larvae plant-1) was recorded in 1st week of July sown crop, whereas, the maximum incidence of M. vitrata (21.17 webs plant-1) was recorded in 2nd week of July sown crop. The larval population of H. armigera was significantly and positively correlated with the maximum temperature, followed by minimum temperature.Incidence of M. vitrata was negatively correlated with evening relative humidity and wind speed which was significant at p  0.05 level of significance.
Growth and yield prediction of Indian mustard using InfoCrop model at Hisar, Haryana
Authors: P. KEERTHI  , RAJ SINGH  , A. K.DHAKA  , C. DIVESH
Published: February 2022

The InfoCrop v.2.0, model was calibrated and validated with the field experimental data having four dates of sowing (Oct 15th& 25th and Nov 5th& 15th) and five nitrogen levels (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha-1) conducted during 2013-15 at Hisar (29°10È N and 75°46È E). The model performance was evaluated using RMSE, MAE and MBE and it was observed that InfoCrop model could predict the growth parameters leaf area index, nitrogen uptake, biomass and seed yield with reasonably good accuracy.
Elevated temperature and moisture deficit stress impact on phenology, physiology and yield responses of hybrid maize
Authors: M. VANAJA  , P. SATHISH  , G. VIJAY KUMAR  , ABDUL RAZZAQ  , P. VAGHEERA  , N. JYOTHI LAKSHMI  , S. K. YADAV  , B. SARKAR  , M. MAHESWARI
Published: February 2022

A field experiment was conducted with maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid DHM-117 under elevated temperature and moisture deficit stress to assess the phenology, physiology, biomass and yield responses. The elevated canopy temperature (ET) was maintained as 3°C above ambient canopy temperature (AT) in Free Air Temperature Elevation (FATE) facility and water deficit stress (WD) was imposed at initiation of tasseling stage in an open plot experiment to assess the impact of these two abiotic stresses. As compared with ambient control, the phenology of flowering with the ET was early as 3 days for anthesis, 1 day for silking and this increased 4 days for anthesis silking interval (ASI), while with WD, anthesis was delayed by 2 days, silking by 3 days and ASI increased by 3 days. It was observed that both ET and WD significantly decreased photosynthetic rate (32%, 24%), stomatal conductance (45%, 28%), transpiration rate (36%, 44%) while increased WUE (6%, 38%). It is interesting to record that there was reduction in total biomass (11%, 13%) especially reproductive biomass (44%, 31%) with both ET and WD while vegetative biomass was improved (27%, 8%) revealing that reproductive components are effected with these abiotic stresses thereby decreased HI (42%, 36%). The impact of ET was more on seed set than seed filling as the reduction in test weight (8%) was higher than at WD (4%).
Effect of elevated ozone, carbon dioxide and their interaction on growth, biomass and water use efficiency of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: RAM NARAYAN SINGH  , JOYDEEP MUKHERJEE  , V. K. SEHGAL  , ARTI BHATIA  , P. KRISHNAN  , DEB KUMAR DAS  , VINOD KUMAR  , RAMESH HARIT
Published: February 2022

Global climate change has a major impact on growth and sustainability of agro-ecosystem. Keeping in view the importance of rising O3 and CO2 concentration in atmosphere, a field experiment was conducted on chickpea (variety: Pusa 5023) in the experimental farm in Free Air Ozone and Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FAOCE) facility at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi underfour ozone and carbon dioxide treatments (ECO: elevated CO 2 (550±10 ppm) +elevated O3 (70 ±10 ppb); EC: elevated CO 2 (550±10 ppm ppm) + ambient O3 (30±10 ppb); EO: elevated O3 (70±10 ppb)+ ambient CO 2 (400±10 ppm) and AMB; ambient CO 2 (400±10 ppm)+ ambient O3 (30± 10 ppb) during rabi season of 2016-17. The results revealed that the plant height, above ground biomass, CGR and RGR and seed yield of chickpea was significantly highest in elevated CO2 (EC) treatment followed by ECO treatment and lowest in elevated O3 (EO) treatment. Elevated ozone had negative impact whereas elevated carbon dioxide had positive impact on growth, biomass and WUE of chickpea and when both are combined the negative impact of elevated ozone were counteracted by elevated carbon dioxide.
Influence of temperature and carbon dioxide levels on growth and development of Spodoptera litura Fabricius on cauliflower
Authors: TEJINDER SINGH BRAR  , SMRITI SHARMA
Published: February 2022

The studies on influence of temperature and carbon dioxide levels on growth and development of Spodoptera litura on cauliflower were conducted with six different temperature and carbon dioxide regimes viz. 25:11oC and 25:14oC at 350, 400, 450 ppm carbon dioxide concentrations. Observations on different biological indices were recorded to estimate the influence of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide on growth and development of S. litura. The study revealed temperature and carbon dioxide had significant effect on developmental indices of S. litura. It was observed that incubation period, larval duration, pupal duration, male adult longevity, female adult longevity decreased from 4.5, 23.4, 9.3, 6.8, 7.5, respectively at 25:11oC to 3.9, 21.2, 8.7, 6.5, 7.4 days respectively, at 25:14oC. Whereas fecundity of S litura increased from 363.6 to 420.9 with increase in temperature and carbon dioxide indicating reduced generation time which could lead to more number of generations per year.
Environmental change and the phenology of Bt cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover
Authors: G. N. SHREEVANI  , A.G. SREENIVAS  , R.V. BELADHADI  , B.S. JANAGOUDAR
Published: February 2022

Climate change in terms of increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide and temperature has impact on agriculture including insect pests that minimize the crop yields. To address these impacts, biological studies on aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover on Bt cotton was conducted for six generations during 2013-14 and 2014-15 under different climate change conditions. The results revealed that the biometry of aphid was influenced by increased carbon dioxide (550 ppm CO2) and temperature (rise in 2°C of the prevailing temperature). This was evidenced by decrease in nymphal developmental time (3.67 ± 0.21 days), longevity of adult (9.43 ± 0.41 days), increased fecundity (32.46 ± 0.95) and reduced life cycle (12.28 ± 0.23 days) in the elevated conditions (both 550 ppm CO2 with 32°C as well as in 550 ppm CO2 + 34°C). However, morphometry of aphid showed slight variations in all the treatments but, aphids under elevated conditions showed reduced body size which indicated that the fitness of aphid was effected in the enriched carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature conditions.
Impact of climate on biomass production of Azolla in Bihar
Authors: SUNIL KUMAR  , ARUN KUMAR JHA
Published: February 2022

Widely cultivated in the Asian regions, Azolla is either incorporated into the soil before rice transplanting or grown as a dual crop along with rice. To examine the feasibility of its use in flooded rice fields, the study was conducted during 2011-13 with 9 different species/ strains of Azolla at BAU Sabour, to study the growth-development dynamics and the resistance/tolerance to extreme temperature which generally occurs in the area. Azolla biomass increased during February- April but suddenly decreased during May-June and again increased during July-September thereafter, biomass decreased during October-January. The correlation coefficient between biomass growth rate of strains A. faliculoides, A. microphylla and BAUAS-1 of Azolla and maximum temperature was found significantly positive. Significant positive correlation between biomass production of species A. faliculoides and strain BAUAS-1 with minimum temperature was found 0.70 and 0.62 respectively, which indicates that increase in minimum temperature up to limit, may increase the growth rate in these strain/spp. There was significant negative correlation (0.70, 0.63 and 0.68) between biomass production rate and relative humidity measured at morning, in the species/strain A. rubra, BAUAS-1, BAUAS-2 respectively. Biomass production rate of azolla species A. pinnata showed significant negative correlation with relative humidity at evening. Significant positive correlation between biomass production and rainfall during the growth period in species A. faliculoides was found, which indicates rainfall or sufficient water increases the growth in Azolla.
Effect of dimming of global radiation on morphology and yield of wheat crop in Delhi
Authors: YADAV BRIJESH , MUKHERJEE JOYDEEP , SEHGAL V.K. , DAS D.K. , KRISHNAN PRAMEELA
Published: February 2022

Long-term observations of the surface global solar radiation in recent decades have shown a widespread declining trend in many parts of the world. Experient was carried out at the farm of ICARIndian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during rabi season of 2014-15 and 2015-16 to study response of three cultivars (HD 2967, WR 544 and PBW 502) of wheat under five reduced solar radiationlevels (0, 20, 35, 50, 75% shading). Plant height, internode distance and leaf area index (LAI) were measured at different DAS throughout the crop growth period. The result shows that plant height and internode distance increased under 75% shading treatment. The highest leaf area index (LAI) was observed in 35% shading treatment, followed by 20% shading and control. Final biomass, grain yield and harvest index decreased significantly with shading and was lowest in 75% shading treatment. Among the cultivars, HD 2967 performed better under reduced radiation condition as compared to other cultivars.