bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Служба меннонитов в медицинских частях русской армии в период Первой мировой войны
Authors: Ходченко Елена Евгеньевна
Published: January 2020

With the outbreak of WWI the Mennonites, as a German-speaking ethnic group, found themselves in a difficult situation of political, social and economic pressure. With the growth of germanophoby in the society, the Mennonites had to prove their loyalty to the Russian Empire. As serving in the military combatant units was impossible for the religious believers, they went to alternative military service in medical divisions. In the article some issues of medical support for troops, which was organized and conducted by public organizations, are disclosed. The plots of the Mennonite service during WWI in the medical units, which provided various tactical tasks on the Western, Caucasian Fronts and in the rear, are shown. The causes and circumstances of widespread voluntary involvement of the Mennonites (mainly corpsmen) into healthcare are highlighted. Testimonials from memoirs, diaries, and records of colleagues and physicians, who give characteristic of the Mennonites` diligence to their duties, were picked up. Significant part of the medical service stuff was corpsmen. The Mennonites were among them. About 7200 Mennonites were called up as a corpsman. They were respected by the doctors and got gratitude from the wounded and the sick due to their working capacity, and responsible attitude to the service. They served in the field hospitals, hospital trains and sanitary squads. About 100 – 120 of them died during the war. The Mennonite corpsmen were often at risk during the battles and were most at risk of being infected. In general, 12,400 Mennonites were involved into alternative military service (taking in to account the numbers of draftees in the Forestry and Road Teams). Being involved into alternative service, the Mennonites protected their families and congregations from the implementation of so called "Liquidation Laws", preserved private land and other property.
Фрітьоф Нансен та Україна
Authors: Архірейський Дмитро Володимирович
Published: January 2020

The article studies the plots in which the fates of the famous Norwegian polar explorer F. Nansen and Ukrainian history of 1920s are intertwined. The following three points were analyzed: 1) being at the position of the High Commissioner of the League of Nations, he helped to the Ukrainian migrants, who were persecuted by the Bolsheviks, to arrange their lives in Western countries. For that aim Nansen issuing so-called Nansen passports; 2) the Norwegian set up and chaired the International Committee for Relief of the 1921–1923 Famine (to support the starving population in Ukraine); 3) being awarded with the Nobel Prize, Nansen used the money to establish an agricultural station on the territory of Katerinoslav province. He wanted to implement the best experience of agriculture to local practice. The author presents historiography and makes the conclusion that there is no a generalizing сomplete research devoted to F. Nansen`s activity in Ukraine. The author emphasizes that the Ukrainian historians have better studied   Nansen`s help to Ukraine during 1921–1923 famine. Only a few Ukrainian historians have studied Nansen’s assistance to the Ukrainian migrants. Nevertheless, they have a clear idea about that. The conditions of Pan-European Committee for Relief of the Starving in Russia (other words, F. Nansen`s mission) establishing are presented. The organizations which were included into the mission are mentioned. The facts concerning the negotiations of the High Commissioner with the Soviet Russia`s and Ukraine`s governments, as well as the structure, forms and characteristics of the Nansen`s mission organization in the Ukrainian starving provinces are studied. The activity of the Nansen mission on the territory of Nikolayevshchina, Kherson region and in Kharkov city (V. Quisling`s, the future Prime Minister of pro-Hitler Norway, worked there) are shown. The author pays attention to the chain of Nansen`s canteens that were arranged for the starving and also for the homeless children. The humanitarian assistance to students and higher education teachers is mentioned. The facts about of agricultural machinery and special humanitarian supplies import, done by the mission, are noted. The activity of the mission is shown in comparison with other Western charity organizations work. The author shows that the creation of the agricultural station in Mikhailovka village at Nansen`s expense was reflected primarily in the press. The author believes, that now there is only general, not completely reliable information about the conditions under which the Soviet government had allowed to establish the Mikhailovsky station. There is a lack of information about the ways of its creation, financing, supply, staffing, operation etc. It is stressed that the subject under study is of great importance and has great prospects to research.
New record of Scaphyglottis livida (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) in Goiás, and a key to Scaphyglottis species in the Central-West Region of Brazil
Authors: Soares dos Santos Igor , José da Silva Marcos
Published: January 2020

Botanical studies and exploration of Orchidaceae in Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Goiás state, Brazil, found a unreported species in the state. The presence of Scaphyglottis livida (Lindl.) Schltr. is reported, an illustration and distribution map are provided, and the morphological relationships of S. livida to other similar species, as well as its phenology, are discussed. A key to the species of the genus Scaphyglottis occurring in the Central-West Region of Brazil; images of these species are also provided.
Оnomastic Lexicography Within Linguistic-and-Ecological Approach
Authors: Ilyin Dmitriy , Sidorova Elena
Published: January 2020

In the study linguistic-and-ecological approach is used for describing the reference book of regional toponyms The Names of Settlements in the Volgograd Region as a lexicographic issue. Dictionary entry zones are described and the most complex issues of their compilation are indicated. The authors have characterized the entry zone The Degree of Name Uniqueness within the Region, represented in the onomastic dictionaries for the first time. The four successive stages in oikonym uniqueness gradation have been identified, that enables making adjustments to the directories and reference books while nominating settlements. The zone of the dictionary entry Syntactic Characteristic of the Head Unit in Combination with the Appellative, the introduction of which is stipulated by the variability of such combinations in speech practice, contains information about case parallelism between the oikonym and the appellative, or its absence. The zone of the dictionary entry Ottoponymic Derivatives of the Vocabulary Unit reveals the possibility of forming relative adjectives and nouns naming the inhabitants of a particular locality. Dictionary entries in the reference book are drawn up taking into account the linguistic-and-ecological criteria developed by the authors for the toponymic names.
The Role of Corporate Agreement as a Legal Mechanism for Regulating Corporate Relations Under the Civil Legislation of the Russian Federation
Authors: Baibekova Elmira
Published: January 2020

Introduction: the paper is devoted to the study of the institution of corporate agreement incorporated into the Russian legislation in the course of the civil law reform. The purpose is to determine the essence, meaning and basic characteristics of the corporate agreement in civil law of Russia, by virtue whereof, the author analyzes the concept of subject of the corporate agreement, the main aspects of its legal nature, and also produces a comparative legal analysis of the correlation of the company’s charter and the corporate agreement. Using the methods of scientific knowledge, especially the method of system analysis, in order to identify the areas of improvement of the corporate agreement in the field of regulating corporate rights and obligations, the author analyzes the corporate agreement’s role in the implementation and protection of the company’s corporate rights, as well as in the development of corporate relations. The necessity of further detailed legislative regulation of corporate agreements is argued. Results: the legal confirmation of the institution of corporate agreement in the civil legislation of the Russian Federation allowed the participants of business companies to implement and control their corporate rights and obligations, as well as liability for their non-performance, in accordance with this agreement. Conclusions: corporate agreement is a relatively new institution for the Russian reality, so it requires special attention. It is of great interest to business, which can be seen in practical examples, even the largest corporations with the state participation become parties to such agreements. The need for a detailed study of the corporate agreement is due to the ambiguous position of the legislator regarding the essence, meaning and content of this agreement. The absence of a solid theoretical basis on these issues can have a very negative impact on the law enforcement practice.
Prosecutor’s Decision as a Cause for Initiating Criminal Proceedings: Problems of Improving the Legislation
Authors: Solovyova Natalia , Ilyasova Altyn
Published: January 2020

Introduction: in the paper the authors reveal the essence of one of the causes for initiating a criminal case, the socalled fourth cause with the title “the prosecutor’s decision to send relevant materials to the preliminary investigation body to resolve the issue of criminal prosecution”; actual problems associated with the implementation of the powers of the Prosecutor’s office at the stage of initiating a criminal case; the essence of the supervisory powers of the Prosecutor’s office (Prosecutor) at the stages of criminal proceedings. Addressing this topic is due to the main purpose – the consideration of the concept of “prosecutor’s decision as a cause for initiating a criminal case” in the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as the study of topical problems of implementing the powers of the Prosecutor’s office (prosecutor) when considering the issue of ensuring compliance with the principle of legality at all the stages of criminal proceedings. Methods: the methodological framework for the study was the general scientific method of cognition, including the principle of objectivity, consistency, induction and deduction. In the context of this method and in connection with it, the general logical methods of theoretical analysis and specific scientific methods (comparative law, technical and legal analysis, concretization, interpretation) were used. Results: considering the concept of “prosecutor’s decision as a cause for initiating a criminal case”, the authors drew attention to the role of the prosecutor in making the relevant decision on the activity management of the preliminary investigation body, indicated, that in criminal procedure law of this state the most important function of the Prosecutor’s office (prosecutor) is the supervision over compliance with rule of law by all the bodies and officials, by virtue whereof, in practice, the implementation of two mutually exclusive powers of the Prosecutor’s office (prosecutor) can lead to the imbalance in the full implementation of the principles of criminal procedure at all procedural stages. Conclusions: as a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that in order to implement fair justice at the stages of criminal proceedings, it is necessary to make appropriate changes in the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation, since the combination in one body of powers to initiate criminal proceedings (in particular, sending a corresponding resolution to the preliminary investigation body to resolve the issue of criminal prosecution) and the powers to supervise over compliance with the law by the preliminary investigation bodies is impossible in practice; it requires additional research and appropriate changes.
Legal Dimension of Civil Society Activities (The South Pacific Example)
Authors: Siekiera Joanna
Published: January 2020

Introduction: the significant impact of civil societies on regionalism processes worldwide should not be left. This comes from the fact that citizens are becoming increasingly aware of their rights, as well as any possible impact on their own nation or region by joint social activities. Moreover, in line with the expansion of human rights (here, we are talking about the third category, the so-called third generation of rights – social rights), citizens can participate in adoption of legal and political decisions also at the local level. They see themselves as ever-growing importance of players in regional management. The South Pacific, being relatively new region, is showing clearly the evidences of such civil social activities too. Methods: the methodological framework for this article is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the main ones are the methods of public policy, analysis, and the formal legal method. Results: the article, presenting knowledge which is not enough studies in the European scientific literature will bring the legal dimensions of regionalism, as well as the actual functioning of the civil society organizations’ activities. To do so, it is necessary to describe some aspect of the Pacific cooperation in its formal, as well as informal methods and paths. Conclusions: the role and importance of CSO, as well as their great contribution to economic, social, cultural and political development, have long been known and appreciated globally. According to the United Nations, the role of social organizations in the process of regionalism in the South Pacific is crucial and necessary.
Court Discretion as Part of the Criminal Procedure Paradigm Structure
Authors: Azarova Ekaterina
Published: January 2020

Introduction: the fundamental rights of citizens enshrined in the Constitution are accordingly reflected in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. For more than fifteen years of the Code of Criminal Procedure application, the legislator has made about three hundred amendments that have increased its ambiguity and inconsistency. The very construct of its provisions is being built and in progress without a planned scientific and theoretical component of such building, without taking into account the empiricism of application. The Code of Criminal Procedure of the RSFSR was used as a constructive basis for the new law, where the stages of criminal process are the fundamental structure of the law. The presence and introduction of new types of judicial proceedings and related institutions as an additional “load” caused the “deflection” of the entire structure of the Criminal Procedure Code, the consequence of which was the increase of unceasing contradictions between the goals and objectives of criminal proceedings, its general conceptual provisions and the criminal process immediate stages. The author sets the purpose of the study, which consists in the justification of contradictions in the law. Methods: the methodological framework consists of the methods of historicism, systematicity, and comparative law. Results: grounded in the work the author’s point of view is based on the knowledge in criminal law. Conclusions: the study revealed that the court discretion is an integral part of the criminal procedure paradigm structure, as the perception by the court of the “truth” of the circumstances to be proved in a criminal case, interpreted by the opposite parties of the adversarial process, is only possible through the prism of assessing these circumstances by the court at its discretion, during the verification of evidence in a particular criminal case.
Regulatory Generalizations in the System of Law: The Concept, Basic Search Parameters, Varieties and Functional Meaning
Authors: Malyugin Sergey
Published: January 2020

Introduction: the approach to the legal system study through the prism of its regulatory properties makes it necessary to study such a phenomenon as regulatory generalizations, to establish its search parameters, varieties and functions performed in the system of law, which is the purpose of this paper. The methodological framework for the study is presented by a complex of philosophical, general scientific and specific scientific means of cognition. Results: based on studying the scientific legal literature, legislation and law enforcement practice, the paper describes in detail the main parameters, defines the main varieties and functional purpose of regulatory generalizations. Conclusions: The obtained research data on regulatory generalizations allow establishing for them an independent place in the system of law that reveals the system of law as a regulatory system consisting of a set of components which are interrelated in meaning and functions. The paper defines regulatory generalizations as relatively independent constructs in the system of law, located in its content-essential section, manifested in the regulatory legal prescriptions, which express general approaches to the legal regulation of public relations and the semantic meaning of positive law.
Students Advocating for Diversity in Medical Education
Authors: Moss Julia L. , Hardy Eliza C. , Cooley Keiko A. L. , Cuffe Samantha N. , Lang Madeline L. , Kennedy Ann Blair
Published: January 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Problem: Innovations within the medical education system often come from administration and leadership, in the traditional top-down approach to preparing students for the actualities of medical practice. There is a dearth of literature showing the power of students to design and advance innovations in this same arena. As incoming classes of students are increasingly more diverse, student efforts for diversity and inclusion initiatives must be explored as avenues to effect positive change within the system. Approach: Medical students at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville (UofSC SOM Greenville) formed the committee known as Student Advocates for Diversity and Inclusion (SADI) in Fall 2017, with the goals of enhancing the curriculum, increasing the visibility of diverse peoples within the medical school and the healthcare system, and supporting the experience of these peoples. Outcomes: The report herein describes the formation of the Student Advocates for Diversity and Inclusion and its initial steps, including the modification of curricular practices and the development of extracurricular programs. Conclusion: SADI may serve as one example of the power of students to transform medical education. Other students and schools can use the committee and its successes and challenges to implement similar programs at their respective institutions, with the goal of achieving diversity and inclusion more broadly across the medical education system.
A method for evaluating local scour depth at bridge piers due to debris accumulation
Authors: Ebrahimi Mohsen , Djordjević Slobodan , Panici Diego , Tabor Gavin , Kripakaran Prakash
Published: January 2020

A novel method for evaluating the effect of debris accumulation on local scour depth at bridge piers is introduced. The concept of a ‘debris factor’ is proposed to replace the current effective and equivalent pier width approaches that have been shown to overestimate debris-induced scour in many instances. The concept enables a simpler, more direct and realistic estimation of the change in local scour depth due to debris since it accounts for debris length (streamwise), width (spanwise) and thickness (depth wise), along with the influence of debris elevation in the flow; that is, it is applicable for free-surface debris, submerged debris or debris resting on the stream bed. The concept works with all existing local scour equations alongside other factors that influence scour depth such as flow angle of attack and pier shape. The mathematical model underpinning the proposed concept was derived through multiple linear regression of experimental data obtained at Exeter University and elsewhere. The proposed method was found to improve accuracy by at least 24% and 5% in comparison with the effective and equivalent pier width approaches, respectively. More importantly, the method is robust, providing highly consistent results with significantly less uncertainty.
Laboratory investigation of unsaturated clayey soil-geomembrane interface behavior
Authors: Hassanikhah A. , Miller G. A. , Hatami K.
Published: January 2020

Suction-controlled interface direct shear tests were conducted on textured and smooth HDPE geomembrane counterfaces in contact with lean clay. Soil samples were compacted wet of optimum to simulate placement conditions in a composite liner. Tests on saturated samples and soil only were conducted for comparison. Additionally, limited testing was conducted to study the effect of shearing rate on the results. Results reveal that matric suction provided increased shearing resistance, compared to the saturated case, for the textured and smooth geomembrane interfaces, and the extended Mohr-Coulomb envelope provided a good model for geomembrane interface strength. However, strength increases were relatively small compared to soil only, particularly for the smooth interface. Total and water volume changes during shearing were significantly different for unsaturated and saturated conditions. Water volume changes during shearing in saturated soil and interfaces corresponded directly to volume change tendencies during shearing; however, for unsaturated soils this was not the case. Shearing displacement rate was observed to have a profound effect on the shearing resistance of textured geomembranes but had little apparent influence on the smooth geomembrane. Results of this study provide great insight into the unsaturated shearing behavior of clay-geomembrane interfaces and important data for development of constitutive models.
Integrating health indicators into the environmental impact assessment
Authors: Agliati Stefano
Published: January 2020

In recent years, the interdependency of population health and the environment has been widely explored by both academic and professional literature. Salutogenic strategies and cultural ecosystem services are distinct but complementary attempts in bringing the two fields together. Therefore, legislative environmental measures, such as the environmental impact assessment (EIA), could be better equipped to mitigate the negative impact of human development if they also included health assessments. In the European context, the theme of health in the EIA is becoming increasingly important. However, the practical checklists for the EIA reviews lack a robust and standardised list of health impacts. First, this paper drafts such a list starting from academic and professional literature and further reorganising the information into a checklist fit to the European format. For each impact, qualitative and quantitative measures are presented together with alternatives as adaption and mitigation measures. Using a GIS platform could streamline and standardise the EIA procedure, as well as provide a base for monitoring and stakeholders interaction.
David Hume und dreieinhalb Könige
Authors: Horowski Leonhard
Published: January 2020

Die Uniform alleine erschreckte den Marquis de Pérussi gewiss nicht. Nachdem der Erste Fähnrich der Grauen Musketiergarde den britischen Rotröcken in drei Schlachten und acht Belagerungen siegreich gegenübergestanden hatte, hätte der dicke scharlachrote Schotte, dem er an diesem 15. Dezember 1748 im Cabaret de la poste zu Fontainebleau über den Weg lief, ihm normalerweise wohl höchstens ein Lächeln abgerungen. Aber da hier nichts normal war, schrieb Pérussi sofort dem Kriegsminister, um ihn von der Ankunft eines britischen Offiziers und seines dicken Sekretärs zu unterrichten deren Zimmer auch noch ausgerechnet direkt über dem des Prinzen liege.
Geistes-Gegenwart
Authors: Gumbrecht Hans Ulrich
Published: January 2020

Dass die fünf Jahre vorher gegründete "Reformuniversität" Konstanz ein charismatischer Ort des Geistes sei, nicht weniger als "Klein-Harvard am Bodensee", nahm er, ohne Harvard zu kennen, seit dem Tag seiner Ankunft im Mai 1971 für bare Münze, zumal es die behend vollzogene Promotion und die Mitarbeiterstelle, auf die man ihn hob, ja erlaubten, eine so hohe Einschätzung auch auf sich selbst zu beziehen. Die in ihrer Zahl kaum das Ensemble der versammelten Studenten unterbietenden Professoren belegeten den Gebrauch ihrer Titel mit einem streng-liberalen Verbot und sprachen in der Aura "progressiv" genannter Autorität, welche höchstens Spielräume der Auslegung, aber nie die Möglichkeit zum Nachfragen offen ließ.
Berlin – Palästina
Authors: Bottomley Gesine
Published: January 2020

Josef Tal ar 1982 der erste "composer in Residence" im Wissenschaftskollege zu Berlin. Pola, Bildhauerin und Textilkünstlerin, seit 1940 mit ihm verheiratet, begleitet ihn in den ersten Monaten des "Studienjahres". Berlin war Josef Tal sehr vertraut. Er ist in Pinne bei Posen 1910 geboren, in Berlin aufgewachsen, als Sohn des Rabbiners Julius Grünthal. Julius Grünthal hat an der Philsophischen Fakultät der Breslauer Universität promoviert mit Schwerpunkt auf die Philologie früher semitischer Sprachen. Er konnte fließend Hebräisch, Aramäisch und Latein. Über seine Kindheit und Jungend erzählt Josef Tal in seiner Autobiografie Der Sohn des Rabbiners: Ein Weg von Berlin nach Jerusalem (Berlin 1985).
Der Zeigefinger des Spitzels
Authors: Dragomán György
Published: January 2020

Nein, vielen Dank, ich möchte mir nicht noch eine kommunistische Grenze ansehen, sage ich ein wenig unhöflich zu meinem Gastgebern, die natürlich nicht einordnen können, warum ich so gereizt bin, sie erzählen mir freundlich, dass die DMZ, die demilitarisierte Zone, die Nord- von Südkorea trenne, eine große Touristenattraktion sei, die so ziemlich jeder besuche, der nach Seoul komme. Das mag sein, sag ich noch gereizer und noch unhöflicher, ich werde sie trotzdem nicht besuchen, da ich in meinem Leben schon genug kommunistische Grenzen gesehen habe, höchstens dann, wenn sie zum Museum geworden ist.
Der Vopo
Authors: Meier Christian
Published: January 2020

Es war ein schöner Sommerabend, 5. Juli 1950. Trotzdem hatte ich gegen 12 Uhr, als es kühler wurde, die Balkontür geschlossen. Wir wohnten im Hochparterre. Um halb eins fuhr ein Autor vor, was zur Zeit kaum geschah. Es hatte ja fast keiner eins. Automatisch machte ich das Lich aus. "Scheiße, jetzt hat er's Licht ausgemacht", das war gleichsam die akustische Visitenkarte. Das Auto setzte zurück, um die Fensterfront zu beleuchten. Eine andere Lampe scheinen sie nicht gehabt zu haben. Und einer kletterte auf den Balkon und rüttelte an der Tür. Aber die war ja nun zu. Und Gewalt wollten sie offenbar nicht anwenden. Die Klingel an der Haustür funktionierte ohnehin nicht.
Resumos/Abstracts
Authors: Comunicação e Sociedade Revista
Published: January 2020

abstract
BACTERIOLOGICAL AND PCR DETECTION OF PVL, MSRA AND MECA GENES AMONG STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM BURN WOUNDS
Authors: Muhamad Shno , Anwar Khanda , Omer Sherko
Published: January 2020

Background 

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that is associated with nosocomial and community- burn wound infection. S aureus produces Panton-Valentine -Leukocidin which results in the destruction of leukocytes. Resistance of S. aureus to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B is associated with the presence of an efflux pump, encoded by Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase A (msrA or msrB) genes. 

Objectives

To isolate, determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, and to detect the presence of pvl and msrA genes from Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from burn wounds.

Materials and Methods

A total of 423 burn wound samples (218 from hospitalized and 205 from outpatients) were cultivated on different bacteriological media. Isolates were identified and S. aureus were further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using disk diffusion method. Susceptibility to methicillin, oxacillin or cefoxitin, were used to determine methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mecA, pvl, and msrA genes in S. aureus isolates.

Results

Bacterial growth was detected from 170 (77.9%) of hospital samples and from 183 (89.26%) community-burn wounds. The predominant isolates were Gram-negative bacilli (71.76%) among hospitalized patients followed by S. aureus (22.35%). From the community samples, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the predominant isolate (86.9%), while few species of other Gram-positive organisms were also detected but no Gram-negatives were isolated. Among the 41 S. aureus isolates, the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains determined by oxacillin disk diffusion method was 58.53%, 65.85% by cefoxitin, whereas, 87.8% were positive for mecA gene by PCR. Pvl was detected in 3 (7.31%), while mrsA gene was detected among 17 (41.46%) of S. aureus isolates. 

Conclusions

Infection with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was common in burn wounds. The prevalence of msrA gene among nosocomial and community-burn wound isolates of S. aureus was high, while few S. aureus isolates were found to carry pvl gene.
BIOMARKER ASSESSMENT OF SERUM INTERLEUKIN-18 TOGETHER WITH HOMOCYSTEINE FOR POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME
Authors: Abdulla Sakar , Rashid Ban , Nore Beston
Published: January 2020

Background 

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a complex endocrine disorder associated with reproductive disorders and metabolic dysfunctions, insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, obesity, endometrial carcinoma, and cardiovascular diseases. 

Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the levels of IL-18 and homocysteine in serum as a possible biomarker for cardiovascular disease in 150 cases positive with PCOS and in 150 negative control females.

Patients and Method

This study was a case-control study and serum samples randomly taken from 300 individuals (150 samples from patients with PCOS and 150 samples from healthy controls). Five milliliters of venous blood has been taken from each individual and the samples were analyzed for interleukin-18 and homocysteine by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, hormones profile include LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, TSH, PRL, and Testosterone.

Results

We found that the average level of IL-18 and homocysteine in serum were 378.3 ±181.21 pg/ml and 10.36 ± 5.98 nmol/ml respectively in PCOS patients, while in the control group the values were 224.98± 131.885 pg/ml and 5.17± 5.24 nmol/ml respectively. 

Conclusions

The results show a highly significant difference (p-value < 0.001) and high serum concentration of IL-18 and homocysteine in PCOS as compared to the control group. Therefore, elevation of IL-18 combined with homocysteine is a selective indicator for higher risk of PCOS, which is closely related to cardiovascular abnormality as we have gated for this category of PCOS patients.
Siyasal İletişim ve Algı Yönetimi İlişkisinin İdeolojik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi: Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Örneği
Authors: GÜLSÜNLER M. Evrim , TAHMAZ Şerif
Published: January 2020

İnsan kendinin farkında olduğu andan itibaren, çevresiyle etkileşime girmekte ve bu etkileşimi
iletişim aracılıyla gerçekleştirmektedir. Böylelikle iletişim kavramı hayatın her alanında kullanılan
ve birçok disiplinle ilişkilendirilen bir kavrama dönüşmüştür. Bu kavram birçok alanda olduğu
gibi siyasal alanda da kendini göstermektedir. Siyasal alanda iletişim yer alması, siyasilerin hedef
kitlelerine bilgi vermeyi, onların desteklerini almayı ve onları kendi düşünceleri çerçevesinde
bir araya getirmeyi sağlamaktadır. Siyasal alanda iletişim, özellikle seçim zamanlarında siyasal
kampanyalar çerçevesinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Bu yoğunlaşmanın en temel sebebi ise siyasi
kişiliklerin iktidara gelme arzularıdır. Siyasilerde arzuları doğrultusunda oluşturdukları siyasal
kampanyalar ile birçok iletiyi hedef kitlelerine iletmektedirler. İletilere maruz kalan hedef kitle
ise, iletiyi gönderen siyasal yapıya karşı zihninde bir takım algılar oluşturmaktadır. İletilerle
gelişen algının siyasal yapıya olumlu yansımaları olmalıdır. Söz konusu olumlu yansımalar, gelişi
güzel bir şekilde değil planlı ve programlı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebilir. Böylelikle siyasal iletişim
alanında algı yönetimi vazgeçilmez bir olgu olarak kendini göstermektedir.
Bu nedenlerden dolayı ele aldığımız çalışmanın temel amaç ise siyasal partilerin oluşturdukları
iletişim çalışmalarının hedef kitle tarafından, ideoloji açısından nasıl algılandığını ortaya
koymak, siyasal iletişim kapsamında algıların oluşmasındaki iletişim araç ve yöntemlerin etki
düzeylerini belirlemek ve siyasal aktörler ve organlar için belirlenen algı yönetimi kurallarının
uygulanıp-uygulanmadığını belirlemektir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmede anket tekniği ele alınmıştır.
Araştırmanın evrenini Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem
ise tesadüfi yöntem ile belirlenen 256 öğrenci olarak kararlaştırılmıştır. Söz konusu araştırmanın
sonuçları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda TBMM’de önde gelen beş partinin, seçmen tarafından
algılanan siyasal ideolojileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Siyasal algıların oluşmasında etkisi olan
kitle iletişim araçlarının her birinin ayrı ayrı önemlilik düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve internetin siyasal
algıların oluşmasında önemlilik düzeyinin diğer kitle iletişim araçlarına göre daha fazla olduğu
gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın önemi ise hem siyasi aktörlere ve organlara, siyasal açıdan algı
yönetimi uygulamalarında fayda sağlamak hem de literatüre bu bakımdan katkıda bulunmak
açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Researching The Process Of Hydrogen Generating From Water With The Use Of The Silicon Basis Alloys
Authors: Zipunnikov Mykola , Bukhkalo Svetlana , Kotenko Anatolii
Published: January 2020

There was researched the process of hydrogen generating from water with help of the ferrosilicon aluminium and ferrosilicon alloys with additives of the alkaline earth metals.

There was studied the reaction of the considered alloys interaction under changing the NaOH solution concentration from 10% to 13,3% when the initial temperature range was from 90°С to 130°С. There was determined the necessary content of iron and calcium impurities to increase the gas evolution. The recommendations were formulated as to using the alloys of the silicon and iron with barium impurities for hydrogen generating in the gas generators.
Temporomandibular dysfunction in patients with a history of stroke.
Authors: Ramos Mariana Altvater , Moura Beatriz Garcia , Araujo Camila Costa , Antonio Tiago Tsunoda Del , Silva Joyce Karla Machado da
Published: January 2020

Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is certainly one of the most complex joints in the human body. The American Academy of Orofacial Pain defines temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) as a set of disorders involving the masticatory muscles, the TMJ, and associated structures. It is pointed as the main cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region, including head, face and related structures. The most common TMD symptoms involve joint, chewing and face pain. There may also be crackling when opening and closing the mouth, earache, tinnitus, dizziness, dislocations, limitation of movement and painful tenderness to palpation. Stroke causes sequelae in subjects that include motor disorders, speech or language disorders, and swallowing disorders. Approximately 50% of patients with hemiparesis after stroke are known to have facial control deficiency, weakened orofacial and mandibular functions. Objective: To evaluate patients with a history of stroke, seeking a possible relationship with TMD, the pain associated with this change, and the limitations of range of motion related to the presence of hemibody spasticity in patients post stroke. Methods: The sample consisted of 19 patients of both genders, aged 55 to 70 years, who had suffered stroke. It was used the RDC/TMD for TMD diagnosis, Pressure Pain Threshold test, Ashworth scale, and Sanny Fleximeter for cervical ROM evaluation, being the statistical analysis performed by the software Bioestat version 5.3. Results: TMD was diagnosed in 81.8% of the sample, and of these, 45.4% had a diagnosis of disc displacement with reduction. Conclusion: There was an increase in the muscle tone and the pressure pain threshold, and a decrease in cervical spine ROM, related to the affected side and diagnosed with this disorder, observing that the muscle alterations caused by stroke may be predisposing factors to patients, to the development of muscle TMD or even joint TMD.
The 2016 Mw 5.9 Menyuan Earthquake in the Qilian Orogen, China: A Potentially Delayed Depth-Segmented Rupture Following from the 1986 Mw 6.0 Menyuan Earthquake
Authors: Zhang Yingfeng , Shan Xinjian , Zhang Guohong , Zhong Meijiao , Zhao Youjia , Wen Shaoyan , Qu Chunyan , Zhao Dezheng
Published: January 2020

An Mw 5.9 thrust earthquake occurred on 21 January 2016 in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, where another similar earthquake had ruptured in 1986. Because of the complexity and close proximity of multiple faults in this area, the exact causative fault sources for these two events have not previously been determined. We determined the seismogenic fault structural geometry of the 2016 event by analyzing the coseismic deformation from Sentinel-1A images, aftershock relocations, and geological data. Furthermore, field investigations and the relocated aftershocks for the 1986 event were used to investigate its seismogenic fault and relation with the 2016 Menyuan earthquake. The results indicate that the reverse slip of both events was distributed on the southwest-dipping Minyue-Damaying fault, where the 2016 event ruptured the deep segment and the 1986 event ruptured the shallow segment. We envision that the depth segmentation played an important role in the occurrence of two moderate earthquakes rupturing the same active fault but separated by almost 30 yr, which is thought much shorter than the average earthquake recurrence cycle. Our study indicates that seismic risks could be underestimated if depth segmentation is not considered.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida do alumínio presente em turbocompressores
Authors: Azarias Jean Guilherme , Calache Lucas Daniel Del Rosso , Rezende Érica Gonçalves , Matos Thiago Venancio de , Ometto Aldo Roberto , Coutinho Aparecido dos Reis
Published: January 2020

No atual cenário industrial, em que as questões ambientais influenciam no desenvolvimento de produtos, é fundamental que haja um entendimento detalhado dos impactos ambientais associados ao longo do ciclo de vida dos materiais. O alumínio é um dos metais mais importantes da sociedade moderna, possuindo ampla aplicação em diversos setores. Nesse sentido, os impactos ambientais associados ao uso do alumínio possuem relevância global e devem ser analisados em suas diferentes aplicações. No segmento automotivo, o alumínio é mundialmente utilizado por ser um material leve e versátil. Como exemplo disso, os turbocompressores são dispositivos utilizados em motores de combustão interna e possuem parte dos componentes produzidos em alumínio. O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar, a partir da técnica de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), os potenciais impactos ambientais associados aos componentes de alumínio utilizados na fabricação de turbocompressores, identificando as etapas com maior impacto e ações para mitigação dos impactos. O estudo contempla as etapas de definição do objetivo e escopo, inventário do ciclo de vida, análise dos impactos e interpretação dos resultados, conforme previsto na norma ABNT ISO 14040. Para a análise dos impactos, é utilizado o método EDIP 97, por possuir abrangência global e contemplar categorias de impacto relevantes. Os resultados apresentam a etapa de extração e beneficiamento do alumínio como a mais impactante para a maioria das categorias de impacto – aquecimento global, acidificação, eutrofização, toxicidade humana e ecotoxicidade. Dessa forma, estratégias para redução da produção de matéria-prima virgem, bem como o prolongamento da vida útil do produto, poderiam resultar em significativas reduções dos impactos ambientais ao longo do ciclo de vida do alumínio utilizado em turbocompressores.
Reexaminando la definición de trata de seres humanos del Protocolo de Palermo: la trata como forma de explotación
Authors: Valverde Cano Ana B.
Published: January 2020

Tras el transcurso de casi dos décadas desde la aprobación del Protocolo de Palermo, estamos en condiciones evaluar críticamente si se ha consolidado un régimen transnacional eficaz que permita la asistencia mutua eficaz en materia penal o si, por el contrario, continúa tratándose de un régimen fragmentado. A pesar de la armonización del concepto de trata, una defectuosa comprensión de su naturaleza abusiva ha dado lugar a lecturas muy singulares del fenómeno reflejadas en las normativas domésticas, por ejemplo, estableciendo un delito de trata donde no se exige el empleo de ciertos medios comisivos. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en ofrecer una reformulación del paradigma de la trata, poniendo el foco en lo que convierte la trata en una práctica abusiva o «de explotación» per se: la utilización de ciertos medios y no únicamente las finalidades de explotación. Este cambio de paradigma, además de ser útil para acometer los desafíos que plantea la cooperación interestatal, nos ayuda a identificar las conductas relevantes en términos de explotación y permite abordar las críticas de los que –en ocasiones, acertadamente– ven en el régimen contra la trata una herramienta de control migratorio más.Recibido: 30.09.2019 Aceptado: 21.11.2019 Publicación en línea: 31.12.2019
Atticus Finch: inteligencia emocional y liderazgo, como herramientas de gestión, en el ejercicio de la abogacía. (Análisis de la película “Matar a un ruiseñor”)
Authors: Remeseiro Fernández Manuel-Óscar
Published: January 2020

A lo largo del presente artículo pretendemos demostrar la importancia que la inteligencia emocional tiene, como herramienta de gestión, en el ejercicio de la abogacía, y que, por las características específicas de la actividad forense, no puede desligarse de otro aspecto esencial del desempeño profesional de los abogados: la capacidad de liderazgo. El jurista ideal debería contar con una buena dosis de ambas cualidades: de la primera; para comprender el funcionamiento de las emociones y las relaciones humanas, y sus implicaciones en los casos en que interviene; de la segunda; para plantear, de forma convincente, las estrategias procesales más pertinentes en cada supuesto y llevarlas a buen puerto. El personaje de Atticus Finch (Gregory Peck), protagonista de la película «Matar a un ruiseñor» (1962), constituye, entendemos, un ejemplo paradigmático, a este respecto y es, por ello, objeto de nuestro análisis.Recibido: 12.11.2019 Aceptado: 16.12.2019 Publicación en línea: 31.12.2019
Migration – Germany’s past and present. Thoughts and figures
Authors: Eltges Markus , Strubelt Wendelin
Published: January 2020

In this article, the history of emigration from Germany and the immigration to Germany especially in relation to its changing borders in the 20th century is discussed. After 1945 Germany was confronted with the integration of a million German refugees. Starting in the 1950s, Germany intentionally attracted foreign workers, and integrated them fairly well. The article analyses the current discussions in Germany in relation to the impact of massive immigration of refugees from non-European areas around 2015. It concludes with a position that in the time of globalisation migration needs a society-focussed and political learning process which has not yet ended and will require more learning. But countries with a declining population are well advised to see immigration as an opportunity for future growth and social diversity.
Tracing the (hidden) spatialities of digital agendas: the case of ‘Digital Hungary’
Authors: Varró Krisztina
Published: January 2020

Policies that aim at bringing about a digital transformation (seek to) create the conditions for particular spatial development trajectories. Yet, the understandings, explicit and implicit, of space advanced by digital agendas have remained rather underexposed to date. This paper addresses this gap by developing a Foucauldian-inspired discourse-analytical framework and applies it to the programme of ‘Digital Hungary’. It is argued that policies of digitalisation in Hungary only to a minor extent consider the spatial dimension, and their impact potentially undermines the declared aims of spatial development at different scales.
The role of cultural heritage sites in the creation of tourism potential of small towns in Poland
Authors: Kwiatek-Sołtys Agnieszka , Bajgier-Kowalska Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

Historical sites may be found in nearly all small towns in Poland. Some are listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. The purpose of the paper is to discuss the role of these resources in the broader set of elements shaping the tourism potential of towns, and also to illustrate the regional differences among small towns in Poland in terms of their potential to develop a local or regional tourism sector. The study provides a typology of towns based on local natural and landscape elements, cultural heritage resources as well as hotels and other tourist accommodations. The statistical data discussed in this paper was obtained from the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland for the period 2012–2014, while historical sites were chosen from the National Heritage Board of Poland. The study covers all small towns in Poland and has shown unequivocally that the presence of a historical site is not necessarily a factor in the overall development of a local tourism sector. The cultural resources appear to be an undervalued asset, which can be used to develop a local tourism sector, especially in towns which are searching for new development paths.
Is there a place for multivisceral resections in the treatment of gastric cancer?
Authors: Smirnov A. V. , Cherepanin A. I. , Ishchenko R. V.
Published: January 2020

It is known that multivisceral resections (MVR) are associated with significant numbers of post-operative complications. However, the effectiveness of MVR in increasing the patients' life expectancy remains a matter of debate. Are the risks of extended volume resections justified? It has been previously assumed that the removal of adjacent organs could improve the prognosis of the disease, even in the absence of direct invasion. However, in the era of the big potential of chemoand radiation therapy, the implementation of an over-extensive surgical volume in the absence of tumor invasion is doubtful. In the presence of regional lymphatic nodes metastases, MVR do not improve prognosis, compared to that after palliative resections. If the patient has distant metastases, or the operation has been obviously not radical enough, MVR worsen the prognosis. In grade T4b invasion and with the absence of life threatening complications, it is optimal to start with neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy. In the case of intraoperative suspicion of adjacent anatomical structures involvement, with no distant metastases, en bloc resection in combination with D2 lymphodissection is indicated. In approximately 30–60% of cases, invasion is not confirmed by histology. The only way to improve the results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer patients is to carefully assess the extension of the disease at the preoperative stage, select patients and team work of surgeons with chemotherapists, radiologists and specialists in diagnostics.