bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
XV. Account of a Saxon Manuscript preserved in the Cathedral Library at Exeter, in a Letter from the Rev. J.J. Conybeare, A.M. Professor of Poetry in the University of Oxford, to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. and S.A.
Authors: Conybeare J.J.
Published: July 2016

Among the inedited Saxon Manuscripts at this day existing in the collections either of individuals or public bodies, there are probably few superior in interest to the volume of Miscellaneous Poetry given by Leofric, the first Bishop of Exeter, to the Cathedral Church of that diocese, and still preserved in its capitular library.
XIX. A Memoir on the State of Norham Castle in the time of Henry the Eighth, communicated from a Cottonian Manuscript in the British Museum, by Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. and S.A. in a Letter to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. Secretary
Authors: Ellis Henry
Published: July 2016

In a volume of Miscellaneous Papers among the Cotton Manuscripts in the British Museum, is a short but curious Memoir on the state of Norham Castle in the time of Henry the Eighth.

A very short extract from that part which relates to provisions for the garrison was copied by Mr. Pinkerton in his History of Scotland: but I think the whole Memoir affords an important detail, not only of the œconomy, but of the general expense attending the keeping up of an ancient fortress.
XXII. An Account of a Coin of Germanicopolis, in a Letter to Sir Henry Charles Englefield, Bart. F.R.S. &c. President of the Society of Antiquaries, from the Rev. Stephen Weston, B.D. F.R.S. and A.S.
Authors: Weston Stephen
Published: July 2016

Monsieur Belley, in his Dissertation on the Coins of Germanicopolis, which he ascribes to Paphlagonia, begins by saying, “No antiquary has yet fixed the first year of the era which the town of Germanicopolis used in its acts and public monuments;” and, I may add, that no antiquary before or since Mons. Belley's time has suspected that there existed a Coin of Germanicopolis seventy-six years before those of Severus, which bear the dates of 200–211, 214, 215. Sixteen of these have come to hand, whilst the one exhibited above, with the name of Adriane GermanicopolitΩΝ upon it, has never yet been published. Hadrian's reign began in 117 A. D. and Severus's in 193 of the same era.
XXIII. Conjectures concerning the Instruments called Celts. By R.P. Knight, Esq. F.A.S.
Authors: Knight R. P.
Published: July 2016

An accurate and circumstantial account of a great number of these instruments, found at different times and in different places, together with the various opinions of the learned concerning the uses for which they were intended, has been published in the fifth volume of the Archaeologia by the late Dr. Lort. Many hundreds of them have been discovered in almost every part of the British islands; many, also, though not so many, in France; one only, and that probably carried thither, in Spain: and none in any of the more southern or eastern parts of the Roman empire: unless, indeed, we admit those which Count Caylus says were sent to him from Herculaneum: but as this buried city has been, from the time of its discovery to the present day, the common source, from which every Italian dealer in antiquities derives his wares, especially those of his own manufacture, and as none ever found their way into the Royal Museum of Portici, or came to the knowledge of those vigilant directors and superintendants of the subterranean researches, Camillo Paderni and Father Antonio; or to that of the no less watchful observer of their results, Sir William Hamilton, we may safely conclude that the Count was imposed upon; and that these articles, sent to him from Naples, had either been brought there from the north-western parts of Europe, or, what is more likely, made there on purpose for him: since castworks, such as these invariably are, may be counterfeited, so as to deceive more skilful judges than he was, even by less dextrous and experienced artists than those of Naples and Rome.
XXVII. Description of a Roman Altar found in the neighbourhood of Aldston Moor, in Cumberland: in a Letter to the Earl of Aberdeen, K.T. President of the Society of Antiquaries, &c. &c. by the Rev. Stephen Weston, B.D. F.R.S. and S.A.
Authors: Weston Stephen
Published: July 2016

I beg leave to offer to your Lordship and the Society a Description of a Roman Altar lately dug up in the neighbourhood of Aldston Moor, in Cumberland, near a military road, and not far from a great Roman station. The altar is three feet high, sixteen inches wide, and eight thick. It is divided into three compartments, the capital, the square or plane, and the base. On the top is an oval cavity one inch and a half deep, and about nine over by six, in which the wine, the frankincense, and the fire were placed, and was called Thuribulum, the censer, or the focus; but this hole is not on all the Roman altars found in Great Britain. On the sides however of the one I am describing are two bass-reliefs, representing on one part the infant Hercules strangling two serpents (as he is seen on a silver coin of Croton in Italy), and on the other the god in all his strength about to combat the serpent in the garden of the Hesperides (as he appears on a coin of Geta struck at Pergamus).
XXVIII. A Description, and Copy, of an ancient Roll, preserved in the Library of The Advocates, at Edinburgh. In a Letter addressed to The Earl of Aberdeen, President of The Society of Antiquaries, by Nicholas Carlisle, Esq., Secretary
Authors: Carlisle Nicholas
Published: July 2016

In the valuable Library of the Advocates, at Edinburgh, is an ancient Roll, which is known by the title of Bagimont's Roll. It is holden in great estimation, and is often referred to, by the Scottish Statutes, under the style of “The Auld Taxation” of Bagimont, as an adequate measure of the true value of Ecclesiastical Benefices. By the kindness of Mr. Napier, the Librarian, I lately obtained an authentic copy of it; and which, from its great worth and curiosity, may not be an improper subject to lay before The Society of Antiquaries.
XXXI. Further Observations on the Poetry of our Anglo-Saxon Ancestors, by the Rev. J.J. Conybeare, M.A. Professor of Poetry in the University of Oxford; addressed in a second Letter to Henry Ellis, Esq. F.R.S. Secretary
Authors: Conybeare J.J.
Published: July 2016

In the last communication, which I had the honor of submitting through your kindness to the Society, I endeavoured to prove that the poetical compositions of the Anglo-Saxons were distinguished from their prose by the continual use of a certain definite rhythm, and to investigate, as far as I was able, the metrical structure of those venerable and interesting remains. I now proceed to add such further remarks on their peculiar characteristics, as have been suggested to me by an attentive though partial examination of the principal works of this description preserved either in print or in manuscript.
XXXVI. Copy of a Roll of Purchases made for the Tournament of Windsor Park, in the sixth year of King Edward the first, preserved in the Record Office at the Tower. Communicated by Samuel Lysons, Esq. F.R.S. V.P. in a Letter to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. Secretary
Authors: Lysons Samuel
Published: July 2016

I enclose the copy of a Roll, preserved in the Record Office at the Tower, containing an account of a great variety of articles provided for a Tournament, held in Windsor Park, in the month of July, the sixth year of the reign of King Edward the first. This tournament appears to have been one of those termed peaceable Justs, lately described in Mr. Douce's interesting paper, to which the contents of this Roll may serve as a supplement.
I. A Declaration of the Diet and particular Fare of K. Charles the First, when Duke of York. Communicated by Edmund Turnor, Esq. F.R.S. and F.A.S. in a Letter to the Rev. John Brand, Secretary
Authors: Turnor Edmund
Published: July 2016

I have the honor to send you a M.S. on vellum, containing a Declaration of the Diet and particular Fare for the Duke of York (Charles I.), his attendants, and particular officers; also the names of his Grace's servants, with their respective wages to be paid by the cofferer to the Prince his Highness, (Prince Henry) to begin from the first day of January 1610, under the sign manual of King James I.
VII. Copy of a MS. entitled “A true Collection as well of all the Kings Majesties Offices and Fees, in any the Courtes at Westminster as of all the Offices and Fees of his Majesties honorable Househould; together with all Fees apertaineing to Captaines and Souldiers, having charge of Castells, Bullwarkes, and Fortresses within the Realme of England: and likewise the Offices and Fees of his Highnes honorable Howses, Parkes, Forrestes, and Chases within the said Realme.” (Anno 1606). Commnicated by the Rt. Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. P.R.S. and F.S.A.
Authors: Banks Joseph
Published: July 2016

“The nobilitie of England accordinge to their authorites and degrees.

Paulett, Marques of Winchester.

Hawarde, Earle of Arundell and Surrey.

Veare, Earle of Oxforde, Vicount Bulbecke.

Percie, Earle of Northumberland,

Talbott, Earle of Shrowsburie.

Graie, Earle of Kent, Baron Hastinges and Ruthen.

Stanley, Earle of Darbie, Lo: of Mann and Strange.

Somerfett, Earle of Worstr, Lo: Harbert of Chepstowe.

Manners, Earle of Rutland, Baron of Rosse.
XI. Account of Tumuli opened in Wiltshire, in three Letters from Mr. William Cunnington to Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq. F.R.S. and F.A.S. Communicated by Mr. Lambert
Authors: Cunnington William
Published: July 2016

The numeroustumulior barrows, that meet the eye of the traveller in every direction, as he passes over the Wiltshire and Dorsetshire Downs; naturally excite the curious mind to know the history of these ancient and simple monuments.
XII. Copy of the original Death-Warrant of Humphrey Littleton, with Observations on it. Communicated by T.R. Nash, D.D. F.A.S. in a Letter to the Secretary
Authors: Nash T. Russell
Published: July 2016

Having lately found in the house of Mr. Bromley, at Abberley Lodge in the county of Worcester, who was heir to the Walsh's of that place, the original death-warrant of Humphrey Lyttleton, in which are the signatures of the privy council, most of whom were commissioners for the trial of the powder conspirators; I thought it might be some amusement to the Society if I laid before them a copy of the warrant, together with a facsimile of the signatures:[a]on which they will observe how ill Thomas Lord Ellesmere the chancellor wrote, and what good penmen most of the other noblemen were. Indeed many of the writings about that time were more carefully and neatly penned, than in the following or preceding centuries: and I must say in justice to my engraver, that he has executed his work with great care and accuracy. The direction on the outside of the letter was ‘To orvery loving freind the high sheriffe of the countie of Worcester.’
XIII. Account of the Italian Game of Minchiate, by Robert Smith, Esq. F.R.S and F.A.S. in a Letter to the Rev. John Brand, Secretary
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: July 2016

In the Eighth Volume of the Society's Archaeologia, are many ingenious observations on the origin of cards, and their introduction into England; more especially those of our late learned member Mr. Gough. That gentleman has in a manner exhausted the subject; but as, in his account of the Italian gameMinchiate, he has given French names to the cards, I am induced to think that he was indebted for his information principally, if not wholly, to the “Voyage d'un François en Italie,” and to the casual inspection of an imperfect set of cards of French fabrique, though inscribed with the name of an Italian maker.
XIV. Account of the Ruins of Carthage, and of Udena in Barbary, by John Jackson, Esq. F.A.S. in a Letter to John Wilkinson, M.D. F.R.S. and F.A.S.
Authors: Jackson John
Published: July 2016

The scite of ancient Carthage appears to have been a most excellent situation for commerce, no part of the world could afford better accommodation for shipping; here is a lake about ten miles along, and five broad at the widest part, in a direct line between the ruins of Carthage, and the city of Tunis, and communicating with the sea, by a navigable canal at the Goletta near Carthage. On examining this lake I found that it had once been about eighteen feet in depth, with an hard bottom, except a part of the east side, lying near the sea between the Goletta and Tunis. Here are the remains of houses for about three miles, their breadth at the broadest part does not appear to have been above a mile. I took a great deal of pains to satisfy my curiosity respecting these houses: having a boat belonging to a ship of war, no other being permitted to navigate on this lake: at low water some of the tops of them were not above a foot under the surface of the water; at the Goletta there is generally a rise and fall of the tide, about three feet; but the canal between the sea and the lake being very narrow, it does not raise the water in the lake so much. My people frequently got out of the boats and walked on the tops of the houses, but were sometimes in danger, often meeting with places beyond their depth; one of them having shot at a flamingo, and broke its wing, pursued it over these houses, where the boats could not go, and had nearly lost his life by falling into some deep holes. Many parts of this lake are now scarcely navigable, and particularly towards Tunis, since the Moors will not take the trouble to clear away the immense quantity of mud and filth that is continually washing into it from the city of Tunis, and which has been accumulating for many centuries.
XVI. Copy of an Indenture, made in 1469, between King Edward IV. and William Lord Hastings, Master of the Mint, respecting the Regulation of the Coinage in the Tower of London. Communicated by Taylor Combe, Esq. F.A.S. in a Letter to Rt. Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. P.R.S. and F.A.S.
Authors: Combe Taylor
Published: July 2016

Enclosed is the copy of an indenture which sometime since came into my possession, and which is not to be found either in Rymer's Fœdera, or any other work. It is an agreement between king Edward the IVth, and William Lord Hastings, Master of the Mint, respecting the regulation of the coinage in the Tower of London. It is dated March the 2d, in the 8th year of the king's reign, being the year 1469. The steady attachment of Sir William de Hastings to the house of York, the gratitude evinced by his king in return for that attachment, and the murder of this unfortunate nobleman by order of the tyrant Richard the IIId, are too well known to be here repeated.
XXIII. Extracts from an Ancient MS remaining in the Archives of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, concerning the Manor of Paddington, in the County of Middlesex. Communicated by the Rev. William Vincent, D.D. F.A.S. Dean of Westminster
Authors: Vincent William
Published: July 2016

Walter, abbot of Westminster, died the 27th of September, in the second year of king Richard I. and in the year of our Lord, 1191.

The manor of Paddington was assigned for the celebration of his anniversary, in a solemn manner, under this form.
XXIV. Observations on the Monument in Canterbury Cathedral, called the Tomb of Theobald, and an Account of two ancient Inscriptions on Lead, discovered in Canterbury Cathedral, by Henry Boys, Esq. in a Letter to John Latham, M.D. F.R.S. and F.A.S.
Authors: Boys Henry
Published: July 2016

The essay I have before mentioned accompanies this letter. Allow me to thank you for your offer to do or say any thing I may wish respecting it, but you alone must decide whether its merits be sufficient to claim any other attention than the perusal of a friend. In drawing up this essay, I have endeavoured as much as possible to use my father's own words, yet had he lived to complete it himself, we may suppose he would have substituted something very different from the words of his rough notes, and that probably he would have given the whole a more perspicuous arrangement than I have done. In considering its merits, you must not permit it to go before the public if it appear to you trifling, or at all unworthy the high opinion you have ever so kindly expressed of my father: but should you think it worthy public notice, you are at liberty to present it to the Society of Antiquaries, with the accompanying plates of lead: which will be more usefully preserved in their collection, than in the cabinet of any private person.
XXVII. Account of an engraved Brass Plate, from Netley Abbey, by John Latham, M.D. F.R.S. and F.A.S. in a Letter to the Rev. John Brand, Secretary
Authors: Latham John
Published: July 2016

I embrace this opportunity of conveying to you an account of an engraved plate, which I have had the loan of for copying, and which belongs to a neighbour of mine. It is of a high-coloured brass, or pale copper, about nineteen inches square, and weighs ten pounds. I can obtain nothing more of its history, than that it originally came fromNetley Abbey, and that a relation of the person to whom it now belongs, found it several years ago in a poor man's house, where it served for a back of a grate, and that it was purchased from the latter for a moderate gratuity. It is now clean and bright, and seems not to have suffered the least injury. You will receive a fac-simile of this plate, taken off by myself, by rubbing a piece of paper laid upon the plate, and I should think sufficiently correct for you to judge by. [a] I beg leave to observe, that the shape of the beacon is nearly similar to one inArchaeologia, Vol. I. pl. 1. and from being repeated four times, was probably meant for the crest of the knight represented in the plate, whose name perhaps may not be so easily ascertained.
XXXI. Observations on the Remains of the Dormitory and Refectory which stood on the southern Side of the Cloisters of the Cathedral Church of Norwich, by the Rev. W. Gibson, A.M. F.A.S. In a Letter to the Rev. John Brand, Secretary
Authors: Gibson William
Published: July 2016

A communication having been lately read before the Society of Antiquaries, on the subject of certain remains of a fabric discovered in taking down the decayed dormitory and refectory, appertaining formerly to the monastery founded by Bishop Herbert de Losinga, near the cathedral church which he had built at Norwich, apparently of a more ancient date than the structure of which they made a part, I venture to offer to the consideration of the Society, some observations and conjectures, respecting those remains; referring, for the being better understood, to the drawings made of them, of which the Society are already in possession.
XL. Further Remarks on the Remains of Gothic Architecture in Italy and Sicily, by Robert Smirke, Esq. Junior, F.A.S. in a Letter to Samuel Lysons, Esq. Director
Authors: Smirke Robert
Published: July 2016

You flattered me much by considering the specimens I had sent you of foreign architecture, worthy of being submitted to the inspection of the Society of Antiquaries; and it was no less gratifying to me to find they had been noticed by so distinguished a member of the Society as Sir Henry Englefield.
I. Copy of a Letter Missive from King Edward the Fourth to Thomas Stoner, Esquire, with the King's Sign Manual, preserved among the Records in the Tower; communicated by Samuel Lysons, Esq. F.R.S. Director
Authors: Lysons Samuel
Published: July 2016

The foregoing letter appears to have been written, in the tenth year of the reign of King Edward the Fourth, A.D. 1470; when the quarrel between the King and the Duke of Clarence and Earl of Warwick, which had been lately made up, broke out with increased violence; in consequence of the affront put on the Archbishop of York by the King, in suspecting him of an attempt on his life by poison, at an entertainment to which he had been invited, Clarence and Warwick resented this highly, and seeing that Edward's jealousy of them hadtaken too deep root to be removed, retired, about March 7, to Warwick, where they assembled a body of troops, in order to join Sir Robert Welles, who had taken up arms in Lincolnshire; but being disappointed by his defeat, and also in their subsequent design of proceeding into Yorkshire, by the King's diligence, they retired into Devonshire, whence they made their escape, with their families, to Calais. See Carte's History of England, Vol. II. pp. 779 and 780.
IX. Copy of a Libel against Archbishop Neville, temp. Rich. II. and of the Draft of an Indenture of Covenant for the erecting of a Monument to King Henry VIII. and his Queen, by Peter Torrigiano; communicated by William Illingworth, Esq. F.A.S. in a Letter to William Bray, Esq. Treasurer
Authors: Illingworth William
Published: July 2016

I beg leave to enclose to you a transcript (No 1,) of a libel against Alexander Neville, Archbishop of York, in the reign of Richard the Second; which is a curious specimen of the old English, in the northern dialect of that day; and expresses the popular opinion and animosity entertained against the archbishop, as one of the favourites of the unfortunate king, at the commencement of the civil discords of that reign. It appears from an original parliamentary petition, that two copies of this libel were affixed on the pillar of the Chapter House of Westminster, where the Lords and Commons were assembled in parliament, and a third on the door of Saint Paul's Cathedral.
XII. Inquiries respecting the Origin of the Inhabitants of the British Islands, in three Letters from the Reverend Samuel Greatheed, F.A.S. to John Wilkinson, M.D. F.A.S.
Authors: Greatheed Samuel
Published: July 2016

The origins of the most celebrated nations are, from natural causes, usually enveloped in obscurity. Their sources, like those of the mightiest rivers, are not only minute, but remote, and often disputable. In some cases, however, the access to them becomes more, rather than less practicable, with the lapse of ages: and it certainly becomes the more interesting, in proportion to the celebrity which nations gradually acquire. To these circumstances, I ascribe that attention with which you have honoured the hints that I have occasionally dropped, concerning the original population of the British Islands. I willingly acquiesce with your desire for a brief detail of my reasons for differing in opinion, on this subject, with writers for whose learning and genius I entertain the sincerest respect. If you judge the following suggestions worthy of being communicated to the Society of Antiquaries, I shall hope that they may lead to a more complete investigation of the subject, and to the correction of any mistakes that I may have committed. I apprehend the inquiry to be well suited to the purposes of their institution, and that it will afford scope to the diversified talents of their numerous members. My endeavour to recommend it to their consideration, will, I hope, be accepted as an expression of my gratitude for the honour of having lately been admitted of their number.
XVII. Two Extracts from a Manuscript Copy of Hardyng's Chronicle, among the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum; communicated by Henry Ellis, Esq. F.A.S. in a Letter to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. Secretary
Authors: Ellis Henry
Published: July 2016

Observing some curious particulars in the first volume of the Archaeologia relating to Hardyng the historian, I am induced to send you two short extracts from a copy of his rhyming Chronicle among the Harleian Manuscripts in the Museum. One of these little transcripts preserves the Letter of Defiance which the insurgent lords sent to Henry the Fourth, immediately before the battle of Shrewsbury. The other relates to the spurious Chronicle said to have been forged by John of Gaunt, in which Edmund Crouchback was made the eldest son of king Henry the Third.
XX. Ordinances respecting Swans on the River Witham, in the County of Lincoln: together with an Original Rollof Swan Marks, appertaining to the Proprietors on the said Stream: Communicated by The Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. Pr.R.S. and F.S.A.
Authors: Banks Joseph
Published: July 2016

It appears in the Swan-rolls, exhibited by the Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks, that the King's Swans were doubly marked, and had, what was called two nicks, or notches. The term, in process of time, not being understood, a double animal was invented, unknown to the Egyptians and Greeks, with the name of the Swan with two Necks : but this is not the only ludicrous mistake that has arisen out of the subject, since Swan-upping, or the taking up of Swans, performed annually by the swan-companies, with the Lord Mayor of London at their head, for the purpose of marking them, has been changed by an unlucky asperite, into Swan hopping, which is not to the purpose, and perfectly unintelligible.
XXI. Some Account of the Trial of the Pix. By the Rev. Rogers Ruding, B.D. F.A.S. in a Letter to William Bray, Esq. Treasurer
Authors: Ruding Rogers
Published: July 2016

The wisdom of our ancestors is in few circumstances more conspicuous than in the jealousy with which they guarded the integrity of the Coins, and in the expedients which they adopted for that purpose. Their utmost care was exerted to preserve the standard inviolate, by assays made, within the Mint, in the presence of officers who were mutually checks upon each other: and before the monies were allowed to be issued, they were submitted to the public trial of a jury, composed of men who, by their professional knowledge, were well qualified to decide upon their purity, and who were bound by a solemn oath to return a true verdict.
XXV. Some Account of the ancient Date at Colchester; and of the Bottoms of Escutcheons or Shields, as they partake of the prevalent Forms of Arches in their respective Periods. By John Adey Repton, Esq. F.A.S. Communicated by Craven Ord, Esq. V.P. F.R.S.
Authors: Repton John Adey
Published: July 2016

During a tour I have lately made to collect drawings of curious specimens of old timber-houses, which I shall hope very soon to have the honour of submitting to the Society of Antiquaries, I was led to examine the Date at Colchester, which had engaged the attention of the two ingenious Antiquaries, Messrs. Morant and Gough, and which, from the character of the figures being Church Text, is evidently 1490, and not 1090.
XXVI. Memoire sur un Aquéduc Romain découverte àAntibes. (Par M. d'Aguillon, Colonel au Corps Royal de Genie.) Communicated by Samuel Lysons, Esq. F.R.S. late Director
Authors: d'Aguillon
Published: July 2016

En parcourant les Mémoires secrets pour servir à la Republique des lettres, j'y rencontrai une anecdote me concernant à raison de la découverte d'un Aquéduc Romain à Antibes. Voici cette anecdote insérée page 141 du 25me volume de cet ouvrage.
XXXV. Observations on the Positions of the Alien Cell of Begare, and of Halywell upon Watling Street. In a Letter addressed to Sir Henry C. Englefield Bart., F.R.S. and F.A.S., V.P., by Nicholas Carlisle, Secretary
Authors: Carlisle Nicholas
Published: July 2016

Having lately had occasion to make much use of Bishop Tanner's Notitia Monastica, I perceive that an observation or two may be made upon that valuable work, without prejudice to the learned Prelate, or his judicious annotator, The Rev. James Nasmith.
XXXVI. An Account of the Insurrection in the County of York, in 1536. Communicated by Edmund Lodge, Esq., F.A.S. Lancaster Herald
Authors: Lodge Edmund
Published: July 2016

The following paper is transcribed from the original in the library of this College. It relates to the Yorkshire Insurrection in 1536, which obtained the appellation of “The Pilgrimage of Grace,” and which is rendered peculiarly memoráble by an instance of clemency, very rare indeed in the reign in which it occurred, for Henry the Eighth pardoned the malecontents without a single exception. Our histories afford general information enough on the subject to make any comments on the matter of this paper unnecessary here, at the same time they present us with so few distant facts, that any new accession of intelligence seems to be highly desirable. Impressed with that opinion, I take the liberty of requesting you to offer it to the notice of the Society of Antiquaries; and remain,
XXXVIII. A Description of Five Maces, discovered on the capture of the Fort at Agra, in the East Indies. By Anthony Carlisle, Esq. F.R.S. In a Letter to Nicholas Carlisle, Esq. Secretary
Authors: Carlisle Anthony
Published: July 2016

I send you herewith five Maces, which were found in the Fort at Agra, when captured by the British army in the month of October, 1803: and which you will have the goodness to exhibit to the Society of Antiquaries.

These instruments were taken out of the Arsenal, together with some treasure, and are stated to have been carried before the native Princes on grand public processions.
XXXIX. A Description of a Roman Vault,discovered in the Suburbs of the City of York. Communicated by the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. P.R.S. and F.A.S.
Authors: Banks Joseph
Published: July 2016

In August, 1807, was discovered in the suburbs on the southern side of the city of York, a Roman Vault: it was broken into at one of the sides, in digging the foundation for a house. The dimensions in the inside are as follows: Length eight feet, height six feet, breadth five feet. The top arched with bricks, one foot square, and two inches and a half in thickness. The walls of stone.
XLV. An Account of the Opening of the Great Barrow at Stow-Heath, near Aylsham, in Norfolk, in July 1808. Communicated by John Adey Repton, Esq., F. A S. in a Letter to Craven Ord, Esq. F.R.S. and F.A.S., V. P.
Authors: Repton John Adey
Published: July 2016

The enclosed paper contains an account of the opening of the great Barrow at Stow-heath, near Aylsham, in Norfolk, in July 1808. If you think it deserving of attention, I hope you will have the goodness to communicate it to the Antiquarian Society.
VII. Remarks on the antient Pronunciation of the French Language, by the Rev. Mr. Bowle, F. A. S. In a Letter to the Rev. Mr. Norris, Secretary
Authors: Bowle
Published: July 2016

Among the several writers who have exercised their talents on that inexhaustible fund of criticism the works of Shakespeare, Dr. Farmer in his Essay on his learning confessedly stands foremost. My present business to you, Sir, and the Society, is to point out a mistake of his, and some other commentators, on the following French passage in Henry V. act 4. “Est-il impossible d'eschapper la force de ton Bras?” Pistol. “Brass, cur, thou damned and luxurious mountain goat, offer'st me Brass?” Whether this came from the pen of Shakespeare or no, as it is not in the quarto of 1608 in my possession, is foreign to the present purpose, but seems to evince that it was then so pronounced, as it would now be by an Englishman totally unacquainted with the French mode of pronunciation. The assonance was undoubtedly in this instance as in what follows: French soldier. “O pardonnez moy.” Pistol. “Sayst thou me so; is that a ton of moys?” Mr. Johnson makes a doubt, says Dr. Farmer [a], whether the pronunciation of the French language may not be changed since Shakespeare's time : but his does not appear to be the case, at least in this termination.
XI. Observations by Sir Henry Englefield, Bart. on the antient Buildings at York, &c. In a Letter to the President
Authors: Englefield Henry C.
Published: July 2016

There is no task more painful than to contradict the assertions of learned and ingenious men; yet, as the detection of error is at least as necessary to the advancement of knowledge as the investigation of truth, I hope I shall stand excused to this Society for the reasons which I now mean to offer for my dissent from the learned Drake, with regard to the Roman antiquities supposed by him to be now existing at York. The first of which I mean to speak is the tower and wall of the Mint Yard, spoken of in high terms by Dr. Lister, and engraven in the Eboracum. This I carefully viewed, but could not see the least difference either in material or construction from the rest of the city walls; except the courses of Roman brick mentioned to bond the work in two places. But I am far from looking on such courses as a certain mark of Roman work, the ingenious Mr. Essex having fully proved brick to have been made by our Saxon ancestors, and I myself having seen four courses of thin and fine brick ranging round the keep of Chepstow castle about twelve feet above ground; nobody will, I believe, attempt to ascribe the last mentioned building to the Roman times.
XIII. An account of some Druidical Remains on Stanton and Hartle Moor in the Peak, Derbyshire. By Hayman Rooke, Esq.
Authors: Rooke Hayman
Published: July 2016

Stanton Moor is twenty-four miles from Derby, twelve from Chesterfield, and four from Bakewell, a wild uncultivated waste, very high land, rocky, and produces a coarse kind of sedgey grass; it is about two miles in length from north to south, and near one and a half in breadth from east to west; bounded on the north by Rowsley, on the east by Darleydale, a beautiful valley, finely diversified with woods, villages, and rich pasture, and where the Derwent forms a meandering course from north to south; it is bounded on the west by Hartle Liberty or Hartle Moor.
XIV. Observations on the word Esnecca, in a Letter to Thomas Astle, Esq. F.S.A. By John Topham, Esq. F.A. and R.S.
Authors: Topham John
Published: July 2016

I am much obliged to you for the perusal of the inclosed beautiful and curious charter, which afforded me much pleasure and information; it containing the grant of an office, “ministerium meum de esnecca mea,” which had never before occurred to my observation.
XVI. Observations on the Roman Earthen Ware found in the Sea on the Kentish Coast, between Whistable and Reculver on the borders of the Isle of Thanet, by George Keate, Esq. F. R. and A.S. In a Letter to Sir Joseph Banks, Bart.
Authors: Keate George
Published: July 2016

From an attentive perusal of a paper relating to the earthen ware abovementioned, and which was published in the last volume of the Archaeologla [a], it appears to have been the idea of the gentleman who delivered in that paper to our Society, that there had been a Roman pottery established near about the spot where so many earthen vessels, and fragments of vessels, are now from time to time dragged up by the fishermen of Whitstable, on a place which they have, in consequence of their discoveries, called the Pudding-Pan Sand, or Rock, situate, as I have always understood, between two and three miles from the shore.
XX. The Commencement of Day amongst the Saxons and Britons ascertained. In a Letter to the Rev. Dr. Lort by the Rev. Mr. Pegge
Authors: Pegge Sam.
Published: July 2016

The beginning of day amongst the ancient Greeks and Romans (meaning by a day the νυχθήμεϱον or the space of twenty-four hours accomplished by a single revolution of the sun, to speak vulgarly) seems to be very clearly understood and determined, and is of great use and importance in regard to the innumerable passages of their authors.
XXIV. A Description of an antient Picture in Windsor Castle, representing the Embarkation of King Henry VIII. at Dover, May 31, 1520; preparatory to his Interview with the French King Francis I. By John Topham, Esq. F.R.S. F.S.A.
Authors: Topham John
Published: July 2016

The general advantages which arise to the Antiquary and Historian from the preservation of auch authentic historical representations as are coeval with the transactions they record, and the reasons which occasioned the interview between the two kings of England and France, as well as the manner in which that scene of pomp and magnificence was conducted and carried into execution, have been already so ably and elaborately demonstrated by our late worthy Vice President, Sir Joseph Ayloffe, Bart. in his “Historical description of an antient pic-“ture in Windsor Castle representing the interview between “king Henry VIII. and the French king Francis I. between “Guînes and Ardres, in the year 1520,” printed in the works of this Society [a] ; that it will now only be necessary to refer to that learned description upon those heads, and confine our present observations to the matters arising from a view of the picture before us, distinctly from the other painting ; and for that purpose, to bring to the recollection of the Society, that after every regulation had been made, and preliminary settled by Cardinal Wolsey for this interview taking place in June 1520, king Henry VIII. removed from his palace at Greenwich on the 21st of May on his way towards the sea ; the first day he went to Otford, then to Leeds Castle, then to Charing, and from thence on the 25th he reached Canterbury, where he proposed to keep the approaching festival of Whitsuntide [b].”
XXVIII. Additions to Mr. King's account of Lincoln Castle. By Sir Henry Charles Englefield, Bart.
Authors: Englefield Henry Charles
Published: July 2016

In the account of Lincoln Castle, lately read to the Society by Mr. King, I find that a singularity in one of the towers had escaped the notice of that excellent and most accurate observer, who, having viewed the castle from within, had not seen a most remarkable arch opening into the ditch from the lower part of the said tower, which is marked by the letter (i) in fig. XXVI. of his drawings, and mentioned in page 265 of the letter press.
III. Observations on Canterbury Cathedral. By the Rev. Mr. Denne, in a Letter to the Rev. Mr. Norris, Secretary
Authors: Denne Samuel
Published: July 2016

Mr. Ledwich. in his ingenious, and in many instances satisfactory observations upon antient churches, published in Archæologia, vol. VIII. No. XIX. p. 176, has remarked, that if Osbern's authority is of any weight, the undercroft at Canterbury was founded antecedent to the year 742; that writer having informed us, that archbishop Cuthbert erected St. John's chapel in the eastern part of the greater church or cathedral. The chapel here noticed was not, however, any part of the cathedral fabrick; and I am inclined to attribute this mistake to Mr. Ledwich's having before him an imperfect extract from the life of archbishop Bregwin by Osbern; who expressly says, that the chapel was almost contiguous to the greater church.
XVI. Observations on the late continuance of the use of Torture in Great Britain. In a Letter from George Chalmers, Esq. F.R. and A.S.S. to John Topham, Esq.
Authors: Chalmers George
Published: July 2016

I presumed to think, that whatever had a tendency to trace the modes of our government, or to mark the improvement of our freedom, would not be deemed by you altogether unworthy of your learned curiosity. And I was thus induced to communicate to you a copy of a warrant of the privy council, as late as 1620, for using torture on a person, who was suspected of treason; which, as a link connecting former practice with subsequent dissuetude, may be regarded as an instructive document.
XIX. On the Hunting of the Ancient Inhabitants of our Island, Britons and Saxons. By the Rev. Samuel Pegge, F. A. S. In a Letter to Richard Gough, Esq. Director.
Authors: Pegge Samuel
Published: July 2016

In regard to your question concerning the hunting of the ancient inhabitants of the Island of Great Britain, the Britons and Saxons, the genuine and authentic notices which have come down to us relative to the customs and manners of those two nations, are indeed but very few, so that much cannot reasonably be expected to have reached us on the subject proposed. However, for the amusement of yourself and friend, I shall endeavour to bring together such passages as have occurred to me in authors concerning this matter, with some necessary remarks and observations, premising and noting here, once for all, that the writers alluded to deal so much in generals, that they afford us not many particulars, respecting the modes of proceeding of our ancestors in those early times in the great and important business, as I may call it, of the chase.
XXIV. Description of the old Font in the Church of East Meon, Hampshire, 1789: with some Observations on Fonts. By Richard Gough, Director
Authors: Gough Richard
Published: July 2016

The two drawings which accompany this paper represent the general view and four sides of a singular and very antient font in the church of East Meon in Hampshire.

The two villages of the name of Meon now distinguished by East and West, were in the Confessor and Conqueror's time, known by the general name of Mene or Menes, and gave their name to this hundred.
XXVI. Observations on a Charter in Mr. Astle's Library, which is indorsed, in a hand co-eval with it; “Hæc est Carta Regis Eadgari, de institutione Abbatie Eliensis, et duplicatus.” Addressed to the Earl of Leicester, President, Feb. 16, 1791
Authors: Astle
Published: July 2016

Before I enter upon an inquiry into the authenticity of this Charter, it may be proper to premise, that Saint Etheldreda, one of the daughters of king Anna, and wife, first to Tonbert, prince of the southern Gervii, and afterwards to Egfrid, king of Northumberland, is reported to have founded at Ely, about the year 673, a religious society both for monks and nuns, who lived together under the government of an abbess. In this state the society continued till the year 870, when it was destroyed by the Danes.
XXXIII. Account of some sepulchral Antiquities discovered at Lincoln. By John Pownall, Esq. F.A.S.
Authors: Pownall John
Published: July 2016

The drawings which accompany this exhibit an antient sepulture discovered and dug up about three or four feet below the surface of an open field half a mile due east of the east gate of the antient Lindum.
XXXV. Observations on the Introduction of Arabic Numerals into England, addressed to the Earl of Moreton, 1766. By the Rev. Mr. North, of Coddicote, F. A. S. Communicated from some MS Papers of the late Dr. Lort, purchased by Mr. Gough
Authors: North George
Published: July 2016

The inclosed paper was drawn up at a time when the subject engaged a more general attention among the learned, as long ago as the year 1748, and then designed to have been presented to your lordship's predecessor at the Royal Society, Mr. Folkes, to whom I had the honour of being well known; but, upon my being seized with an afflicting and long illness, which for some years disabled me for all literary enquiries, it lay by forgotten, till a gentleman's shewing some old dates at the Society of Antiquaries, when I was last in town, the memory of it recurred, and my inclination was awakened to search for it.
XXXVII. Collection of a Subsidy 1382. By the Prior of Barnwell. By Mr. Gough
Authors: Gough
Published: July 2016

The martyrdom of Thomas Becket is thus represented on a seal appendant to the following deed of Barnwell priory, in my possesion, being an acknowledgement of the receipt from the rector of Granchester of a moiety of the tenth laid on the clergy, 6 R. II.
XXXVIII. A Charter of Barnwell Priory, from the Original in the Possession of Richard Gough, Esq.
Authors: Gough Richard
Published: July 2016

The date of this charter, the 13th of Henry III. 1229, is between 1217, when Henry III. began his reign, and 1246, when Walter Mauclere, bishop of Carlisle, one of the subscribing bishops, died.
XL. Description of the Great Pagoda of Madura, the Choultry of Trimul Naik, in a Letter from Mr. Adam Blackader, Surgeon, to Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. P. R. S. F. A. S.
Authors: Blackader Adam
Published: July 2016

During my residence in India, I was stationed for several years at Madura, on the Coromandel coast, about three hundred miles from Fort St. George, and about seventy miles from the sea.
V. Some Account of a Symbol of antient Investiture in Scotland. In a Letter from Robert Riddell, Esq. F.A.S. to Mr. Gough
Authors: Riddell Robert
Published: July 2016

Some time ago I met with one of the oldest symbols of antient investiture perhaps now to be met with in Scotland. It is a small silver sword, which has long been preserved in the family of Lany, and which, afterwards by a marriage, came into the family of Buchanan of Arnprior. Upon the forfeiture of that family, for engaging in the rebellion of 1745, this sword being found in their charter-chest was lodged in the Court of Exchequer, along with the papers of the family, and a few years since, was, together with the estates, restored. When I was in Edinburgh, in the year 1789, with my late friend the learned Francis Grose, Esq. Antony, Barclay, Esq. writer to the signet, did me the favour to allow Capt. Grose to make a drawing of the remains of the little silver sword with which Culenus, king of Scotland, who succeeded to the throne about the year 965, invested Gillespic Moir with this estate, of which Alexander II. King of Scotland, in 1227, granted a charter of confirmation, narrating the foregoing circumstance, which still exists in the archives of the family of Buchanan of Arnprior; and of which I here give a copy.
XI. Farther Accounts of Antiquities discovered in Cornwall, 1774. By Philip Rashleigh, Esq. F.R. and A.SS. In a Letter to Mr. Gough
Authors: Rashleigh Philip
Published: July 2016

Not finding any person that has attempted to explain the use of several antiquities discovered in Cornwall in 1774, which were exhibited before the Society of Antiquaries in 1788, and engraved in pl. viii. of vol.IX. p. 187: I have lately borrowed them, and trouble you, Sir, with some observations on the plate.
XVIII. Memoir on British Naval Architecture. By Ralph Willett, Esq. F.A. & R.SS.
Authors: Willett Ralph
Published: July 2016

An Englishman can hardly be supposed to want curiosity in whatever relates to naval architecture. To the present slate of it in his own country he owes all its present importance. In itself, it displays the highest exertions of human skill and science; in its consequences, the most beneficial advantages to every other Society as well as his own, and unites mankind in one general participation of the benefits peculiar to every distant part of the world. It is therefore hoped that the present attempt, imperfect as it is, will be received with indulgence; and perhaps excite some abler pen, guided by more ample materials, to do justice to the subject.
XXI. Account of Bicknacre Priory, in Essex. In a Letter addressed to the Earl of Leicester, President of the Society of Antiquaries. By John Henniker Major, Esq. M.A. F.A.S. F.R.S. M.P.
Authors: Henniker Major John
Published: July 2016

I Have the honour to present to the Society of Antiquaries, for their acceptance, two stained drawings of the North and South views of Bicknacre, Bickenacre, or Bykenacre Priory, in the county of Essex; and I feel particular pleasure in addressing to your Lordship this rough sketch of its foundation and history, as it bears no inconsiderable relation to the family of Ferrars, from which you are the lineal descendant.
II. Reasons for doubting whether the Genii of particular Persons or Lares properly so called be really Panthea. By Francis Philip Gourdin, a Benedictine of the Congregation of St. Maur, Librarian of the Abbey of St. Ouen, Member of the Royal Academy of Rouen, and of the Literary Society of Boulogne, and honorary Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London
Authors: Gourdin Francis Philip
Published: July 2016

An inscription which we find in the Vigna Giustiniani at Rome contains these words; “Signum æreum Panthéum.” The existence of Panthéa is therefore certain. But what is it that constitutes a Panthéum? Upon this point we have nothing but conjecture to guide us.
IX. Mr. Willis's Essay on the Ikineld-Street. Communicated by Mr. Bray to the Earl of Leicester. Pr. A.S.
Authors: Bray William
Published: July 2016

The following essay towards a discovery of the Ikneld-street, the course of which Antiquaries have been so long enquiring after, is the production of the late Mr. Richard Willis of Andover, a gentleman very studious in matters of antiquity, and indefatigable in his researches.