bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rainfall effects on inflow and infiltration in wastewater treatment systems in a coastal plain region
Authors: Cahoon Lawrence B. , Hanke Marc H.
Published: February 2017

Aging wastewater collection and treatment systems have not received as much attention as other forms of infrastructure, even though they are vital to public health, economic growth, and environmental quality. Inflow and infiltration (I&I) are among potentially widespread problems facing central sewage collection and treatment systems, posing risks of sanitary system overflows (SSOs), system degradation, and water quality impairment, but remain poorly quantified. Whole-system analyses of I&I were conducted by regression analyses of system flow responses to rainfall and temperature for 93 wastewater treatment plants in 23 counties in eastern North Carolina, USA, a coastal plain region with high water tables and generally higher rainfalls than the continental interior. Statistically significant flow responses to rainfall were found in 92% of these systems, with 2-year average I&I values exceeding 10% of rainless system flow in over 40% of them. The effects of rainfall, which can be intense in this coastal region, have region-wide implications for sewer system performance and environmental management. The positive association between rainfall and excessive I&I parallels the effects of storm water runoff on water quality, in that excessive I&I can also drive SSOs, thus confounding water quality protection efforts.
Life cycle assessment of sludge management with phosphorus utilisation and improved hygienisation in Sweden
Authors: Svanström M. , Heimersson S. , Peters G. , Harder R. , I'Ons D. , Finnson A. , Olsson J.
Published: February 2017

To provide input to sewage sludge management strategies that address expected new regulations in terms of hygienisation and phosphorus recovery in Sweden, an environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) was made. The LCA identified environmental hot spots for methods that may permit sludge or phosphorus from sludge to be applied on agricultural land. In particular, thermophilic digestion, pasteurisation, thermal hydrolysis, urea treatment and mono-incineration with phosphorus recovery were compared. In addition, a sludge management system involving drying of sludge before use in forestry was investigated. The results showed that some major impacts are related to large uncertainties, such as those related to emissions from sludge storage. It also showed that large gains can be achieved when products from the systems replace other products, in particular when biogas is used to replace natural gas in vehicles, but also when sludge is used in agriculture and forestry. In general, there are small differences between the sludge management methods. Retaining the sludge matrix to allow for its utilisation in agriculture may conflict with keeping emissions to air and water from the sludge matrix low. It is recommended that any sludge management option minimises emissions from sludge to air and water and that resources are recovered and used, in line with the principles of a circular economy.
Mit fundacyjny Rzeczypospolitej w Kursie pierwszym Prelekcji Paryskich Adama Mickiewicza
Authors: Hoffmann-Piotrowska Ewa
Published: February 2017

The Foundational Myth of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Mickiewicz’s Kurs pierwszy from Paris Lectures  The article attempts to recreate Mickiewicz’s vision of Polish Medieval history in the context of the history of Slavdom as it is presented by him in the speeches from Kurs pierwszy from the Paris lectures. Invoking particular facts from the first centuries of Polish history and interpreting them in a particularly individual manner – frequently contrary to the traditional historical narrative, Mickiewicz rediscovered the foundational myth of the Commonwealth of the nobles in the history of the Piast and Jagiellonian Poland; furthermore, the whole of the Medieval period served Mickiewicz as a universal political model worthy of translation to the poet’s contemporary  period. The modern christianitas state model, which Mickiewicz will later design in his writings from 1830s and 1840s, had its roots precisely in this reinterpreted political history of the Middle Ages. When discussing the past, Mickiewicz first and foremost advocated talking about the present and the future of Poland and Europe. Underscoring the strong relationship between Poland and Rome as well as the ties with Western Christendom – as it used to be done in the Middle Ages – was meant to produce a propagandist image: it attempted to demonstrate that the Byzantine-Orthodox culture could neither serve to unite Slavic peoples nor rejuvenate Europe in any way.
ROMANTYCZNE ODKRYCIE MANUSKRYPTU JANA CHRYZOSTOMA PASKA (1821). TRZECI POCZĄTEK POLSKIEGO ROMANTYZMU
Authors: Szczeglacka-Pawłowska Ewa
Published: February 2017

Jan Chryzostom Pasek’s seventeenth-century Pamiętniki [Diaries] has to be regarded an important manuscript for Polish Romanticism. The significance of this text can only be rivalled by Macpherson’s songs of Ossian, the Dvůr Králové Manuscript, or the Poetic Edda, which is attested by a considerable number of editions of this Old-Polish ‘epic work’. The first printing of a substantial part of the text appeared in 1821 in Warsaw in the Astrea magazine. This publication contributed to the complex phenomenon of the Romantic turning point. Pasek’s Pamiętniki should be counted as the third beginning of Polish Romanticism, after Adam Mickiewicz’s Ballady i romanse (first volume of Mickiewicz’s Poezyje) and Antoni Malczewski’s Maria.
Caffeic Acid Induced Apoptosis in MG63 Osteosarcoma Cells Through Activation of Caspases
Authors: Sandra Ferry , Sidharta Meta Ariyani
Published: February 2017

Background: Caffeic acid has been reported that when it is combined with all-trans retinoic acid, it can inhibit proliferation activity of SaOS-2 or OSA-01 cells. In addition, caffeic acid merely could reduce cell viability of SaOS-2 cells. However, there is not any study in caffeic acid's possible effect to induce apoptosis in osteosarcoma cell.Materials and Methods: MG-63 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Cells were treated with various concentrations of caffeic acid. Apoptosis were analyzed with Sub-G1 assay and activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 were analyzed with immunoblotting. Caffeic acid-induced percentage of apoptotic cells and cleaved-8, -9, -3 were then statistically analyzed.Results: Sub-G1 results showed that caffeic acid significantly induced apoptosis in MG-63 osteosarcoma cells in concentration dependent manner. Immunoblotting results showed that caffeic acid induced cleavage of caspase-8, -9 and -3. Cleaved-caspase-8 and -9 were increased at 1-hour treatment of caffeic acid, while cleaved-caspase 3 was increased markedly at 6-hours treatment of caffeic acid.Conclusions: Caffeic acid induces apoptosis significantly in concentration dependent manner through caspase-dependent intrinsic apoptotic pathway.Keywords: caffeic acid, osteosarcoma, MG-63, apoptosis, caspase
The Role of Probability in Defining Entropy
Authors: Gianinetti Alberto
Published: February 2017

As a probabilistic law, the second law of thermodynamics needs to be
conceptualized in terms of the probabilities of events occurring at the microscopic
level. This determines the probability of occurrence for macroscopic phenomena. For
the best comprehension of this approach, it is necessary to distinguish between
“probabilities”, which are subjective predictions of an expected outcome, and
“frequencies”, which are objective observations of that outcome. This distinction is of
help to unravel some ambiguities in the interpretation of the second law of
thermodynamics.
EFFECTS OF POPULATION DENSITY AND HOST AVAILABILITY ON THE MIGRATION PROCESS OF BROWN PLANTHOPPER FED USING SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT RICE VARIETIES (PENGARUH KEPADATAN POPULASI DAN KETERSEDIAAN PAKAN TERHADAP PROSES MIGRASI WERENG BATANG COKELAT PADA PADI VARIETAS RENTAN DAN TAHAN)
Authors: Habibi Imam , Witjaksono Witjaksono , Wijonarko Arman
Published: February 2017

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is an important pest of rice. This pest can cause hopperburn and field failure. This research aimed to determine the effects of population density and host availability on migration of N. lugens. The criteria used to justify the effects of host availability and population density on migration of N. lugens were based the hardness and tannin tests of the rice stems, fecundity of N. lugens, and the life cycle of N. lugens. The research was conducted under the temperature of 29.42°C with relative humidity of 61% and Light 12: Dark 12 times, using ten pairs of N. lugens brachypterous (F0 constant) and then was added with five male adults on fifth days after the first infestation (F0 changed). The varieties used were IR64, as a resistant variety, and Ketan Lusi, as a susceptible variety. The results showed that the adding of the macropterous males did not affect the number of macropterous, because of that has been preplanned by the F0. Therefore, the percentage of existing macropterous was 51−52%. Wereng Batang Cokelat (WBC) merupakan salah satu hama tanaman padi yang sangat penting. Kerusakan parah dapat menyebabkan hopperburn dan puso (gagal panen). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan populasi dan tanaman inang sebagai tempat migrasi WBC. Parameter yang dikaji untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan populasi WBC dan tanaman inang tempat migrasi WBC berdasarkan tingkat kekerasan dan kandungan tanin batang tanaman padi, fekunditas WBC, dan siklus hidup WBC. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada temperatur 29.42˚C dengan kelembapan relatif 61% dan durasi siang hari 12 jam: durasi malam hari 12 jam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan 10 pasang imago WBC brakhiptera (F0 konstan), kemudian dilakukan penambahan 5 ekor imago jantan pada hari kelima setelah infestasi awal (F0 diubah). Varietas padi yang digunakan yaitu padi varietas IR64 sebagai varietas tahan dan ketan Lusi sebagai varietas rentan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan imago jantan makroptera tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah keturunan makroptera yang dihasilkan, karena imago (F0) telah merencanakan terlebih dahulu keturunan yang akan dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, persentase terbentuk keturunan imago makroptera berkisar antara 51−52%.
Comparison of Different Solar Thermal Energy Collectors and Their Integration Possibilities in Architecture
Authors: Kayali Humam , Dr. Halil Alibaba Asst. Professor
Published: February 2017

Solar energy is becoming an alternative for the limited fossil fuel resources. One of the simplest and most direct applications of this energy is the conversion of solar radiation into heat, which can be used in water heating systems. A commonly used solar collector is the flat-plate. A lot of research has been conducted in order to analyze the flat-plate operation and improve its efficiency. The solar panel can be used either as a stand-alone system or as a large solar system that is connected to the electricity grids. The earth receives 84 Terawatts of power and our world consumes about 12 Terawatts of power per day. We are trying to consume more energy from the sun using solar panel. In order to maximize the conversion from solar to electrical energy, the solar panels have to be positioned perpendicular to the sun. Thus the tracking of the sun’s location and positioning of the solar panel are important. The main goal of this article is explaining all the solar thermal systems available and the integration possibilities with comparisons for better usages and integration process into design.
Patient, caregiver and clinician use of comparative effectiveness research findings in care decisions: results from a national study
Authors: Frank Lori B , Forsythe Laura P , Workman Thomas A , Hilliard Tandrea , Lavelle Mary , Harwell Daniel , Fayish Lauren
Published: February 2017

Aim:
To assess awareness, use and attitudes concerning comparative effectiveness research (CER) findings.
Materials & methods:
Online surveys of patients and caregivers managing rare (n = 560 patients, n = 609 caregivers) or chronic conditions (n = 762 patients, n = 776 caregivers), and practicing clinicians (n = 638).
Results:
Less than half of patients and caregivers reported exposure to any type of CER findings in the past 12 months. Of those, over half identify healthcare professionals as the information source, yet only 10% of clinicians indicated they were ‘very familiar’ with CER. Clinicians were concerned about the time required to find relevant evidence and the appropriateness of comparisons in available health research.
Conclusion:
Clinicians, patients and caregivers indicate unmet need for incorporating CER research findings into clinical decision-making.
Mujeres, narco y violencia: resultados de una guerra fallida
Authors: Jiménez Valdez Elsa Ivette
Published: February 2017

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los cambios que se han presentado en la participación de las mujeres en el contexto de la guerra contra el narcotráfico, así como visualizar algunas de las implicaciones de estas modificaciones para las mujeres en el noroeste del país.
Violencia laboral intramuros. Hostigamiento sexual y otras formas de violencia contra la mujer en las maquiladoras de Sonora y Baja California
Authors: Scarone Adarga Mireya
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del presente artículo es identificar los comportamientos en torno al hostigamiento sexual y otras formas de violencia contra la mujer en el ámbito laboral de la maquiladora en los estados de Sonora y Baja California. Para analizar dichas conductas se requirió de herramientas de la metodología cualitativa, como las entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales, que se les hicieron durante 2012 a 31 trabajadoras de maquiladoras de las entidades mencionadas. En los relatos se identificó la violencia psicológica, física, económica, sexual, verbal y simbólica. Se encontró una asociación entre expresiones de diversas formas de violencia laboral y el hostigamiento sexual con la organización del trabajo y la estructura laboral de la maquiladora, que es clave para comprender la subordinación y desvalorización del trabajo femenino en este sector.
China’s SOE reform: A corporate governance perspective
Authors: Zhang Weiying
Published: February 2017

This paper argues that Chinese state enterprise reform has been relatively successful in solving the short-term managerial incentive problem through both its formal, explicit incentive mechanism and its informal, implicit incentive mechanism. However, it has failed to solve the long-term managerial incentive problem and the management selection problem. An incumbent manager may have incentives to make short-term (but hidden) profits, but at present there is no mechanism to ensure that only qualified people will be selected for management. The fundamental reason is that managers of SOEs are selected by bureaucrats rather than capitalists. Since bureaucrats have the authority to select managers but do not need bear the consequences of their selection, they have no proper incentives to find and appoint high ability people. Since good performance does not guarantee that the incumbent manager will stay long, the manager does not have long-term incentives. The paper also argues that these built-in problems of state ownership cannot be solved by state-dominated corporatization. Bankruptcy has not played a role in disciplining managers because the state-owned banks have neither the incentive nor the ability to enforce debt contracts. To ensure that only high ability people will be professional managers and that managers can be well disciplined, the authority of selecting management must be transferred from bureaucrats to capitalists. This calls for privatization of both state enterprises and state banks. China is well on its way to privatization of state enterprises, but privatization of state banks is yet to come
PEMIKIRAN HUKUM ISLAM IMAM MALIK BIN ANAS (Pendekatan Sejarah Sosial)
Authors: Setiyanto Danu Aris
Published: February 2017

The study in this paper is focused thinking Islamic law Imam Malik bin Anas approach to social history.  This study is a study that is fairly new in the field of science of Islamic law, so it is still a bit of academics watched. Imam Malik himself was one of four priests schools are known by the nickname ahlu hadith. Imam Malik in his life has never been out of the city of Medina except during Hajj. This of course support his thought in solving the complexity of the problems largely solved by the hadith enough. In addition, the state of the environment in the Medina which is the place where the Prophet lived for several years, community issues are lightweight and simple. Although Imam Malik called a hadith expert, but he also remains unaffected by the use of ratios in berijtihad because the social conditions at the time. This is evidenced by the use of expert Amal Madinah (Medina community of practice), Fatwa Sahabah, Qiyas, Al-maşlahah mursalah, Aż-żari'ah, Al-Urf (custom) in making Islamic law. Imam Malik was also like other schools with the Qur'an and Hadith as the primary source of Islamic law. [Kajian dalam tulisan ini difokuskan pemikiran hukum Islam Imam Malik bin Anas dengan pendekatan sejarah sosial.  Kajian ini merupakan kajian yang cukup baru di bidang keilmuan hukum Islam, sehingga masih sedikit dari kalangan akademisi yang memperhatikannya. Imam Malik sendiri adalah salah satu dari empat imam mazhab yang terkenal dengan julukan ahlu hadits. Dalam kehidupannya Imam Malik tidak pernah keluar dari kota Madinah kecuali saat haji. Hal ini tentu saja mendukung pemikirannya dalam menyelesaikan kompleksitas permasalahan yang sebagian besar cukup diselesaikan dengan hadits. Selain itu,  keadaan lingkungan di Madinah yang merupakan tempat dimana Rasulullah hidup selama beberapa tahun, permasalahan masyarakat yang ringan dan sederhana. Walaupun Imam Malik disebut sebagai ahlu Hadits namun dirinya juga tetap terpengaruh dengan penggunaan rasio dalam berijtihad karena kondisi sosial saat itu. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan penggunaan Amal ahli Madinah (praktik masyarakat Madinah), Fatwa sahabat, Qiyas, Al-maşlahah mursalah, Aż-żari'ah, al-‘Urf (adat istiadat) dalam pengambilan hukum Islam. Imam Malik pun juga seperti mazhab lain dengan al-Quran dan Hadits sebagai sumber utama dalam hukum Islam.]
Perception of pain, social and functional discomfort during orthodontic treatment
Authors: Matic Sava , Nikolic Predrag
Published: February 2017

Introduction/Objective. Pain and social discomfort are common experiences after the insertion of a fixed orthodontic appliance. The aim of the study was to determine the intensity of pain during the first seven days after the placement of a fixed orthodontic appliance, the impact of orthodontic treatment on psychosocial component of the patient and daily life activities in the first month of therapy. Methods. The study included 60 randomly selected patients from the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia, aged 15 to 20 years. After the insertion of a fixed orthodontic appliance, the patients were given a questionnaire form comprising questions related to the intensity of pain in the first seven days, function of speech and chewing, oral hygiene, injury of the oral mucosa, and social contacts. For the processing of results obtained from the questionnaire ?2 test was used. Results. The largest percentage of respondents (21.7%) rated pain with grade 1, while less than 10% of respondents gave grades 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10. Most of the participants (95%) answered that they had no difficulties with daily life activities caused by the fixed orthodontic appliance. Most respondents (91.7%) did not have any social discomfort, while a small percentage (8.3%) said they had these problems. Conclusion. General intensity of pain that respondents felt during the first seven days after the placement of a fixed orthodontic appliance was low to moderate. For most of the respondents there was no change in social behavior related to the psychosocial component. Except for changes in dietary habits and sores on the oral mucosa of the cheek in the first month of therapy, examines had no major problems with daily life activities.
Laboremus! 1. deo: Izgled
Authors: Ignjatovic Mile
Published: February 2017

nema
Laboremus! 2. deo: Temelji
Authors: Ignjatovic Mile
Published: February 2017

nema
Inseguridad alimentaria y género de la jefatura familiar en hogares aportadores de migrantes
Authors: Carmona Silva José Luis , Acle Mena Ramón Sebastián , Pérez Terrón María Elena , Santiesteban-López Norma Angélica
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es describir la relación que existe entre el género al que pertenece el jefe de familia con migrantes y la Inseguridad Alimentaria (I A). Para ello se entrevistaron 35 familias con migrantes en el poblado de San Miguel Cosahuatla, Puebla, que representan 40.7 % del total de los hogares de la localidad. Para clasificar los hogares de acuerdo a su condición de Inseguridad Alimentaria se utilizó la Escala Latinoamericana y del Caribe Sobre Seguridad Alimentaria (ELCSA). La información obtenida muestra que 25 % de los hogares con jefatura femenina y 52.18 % de los hogares con jefatura masculina que aportan migrantes carecen de una buena alimentación. De las tres categorías de Inseguridad Alimentaria que maneja la ELCSA (I A Leve, I A Moderada e I A Severa), la I A Moderada muestra mayor diferencia, ya que 25 % de los hogares con jefatura femenina obtuvo el grado de Inseguridad Alimentaria, mientras que el porcentaje de los hogares con jefatura masculina se elevó a 43.8 %. Por el momento no es posible llegar a una conclusión definitiva pues se requiere hacer más estudios, sin embargo, la tendencia de los resultados obtenidos se atribuye a las características cualitativas del fenómeno migratorio en la localidad, donde históricamente ha sido una estrategia de supervivencia.
Electric Vehicle Subsidies in the Era of Attribute-Based Regulations
Authors: Irvine Ian
Published: February 2017

Electric vehicle (EV) subsidies are costly and ineffective policy mechanisms in the battle against greenhouse gases. Furthermore, their operation is not well understood given the new regulatory environment governing emissions standards and fuel efficiency that is common to the United States and Canada. Given these standards, the sale of more EVs permits manufacturers to sell fossil fuel vehicles with higher carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Paradoxically, more EV sales result in more CO2 emissions. I explore possible rationales for subsidies, but none is easily validated. Consequently, the case for traditional externality-correcting policies such as carbon taxation that approximate “first-best” solutions is compelling.
Kinetic Study of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Using a Co/CNTs Catalyst
Authors: Pour Ali Nakhaei , Karimi Javad , Torshizi Hasan Oliaei , Hashemeian Mohammadreza
Published: February 2017

The intrinsic kinetics of the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis reaction in the conversion of synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbons in a spinning basket reactor over a cobalt catalyst supported on carbon nanotubes were studied. The catalyst was synthesised by the impregnation wetness technique and the reactor tests were done at 215–245 °C, 20 bar, a H2/CO molar ratio of 2 and a gas hourly space velocity of 2.4–12 Nl gcat−1 h−1. To develop an appropriate kinetic model for syngas consumption, five different mechanisms were considered as possibilities for the Fischer–Tropsch reaction, each with a rate-determining step. The rate equations obtained were based on the Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson model and statistical analyses were used for comparing the resulting values. The activation energies were found to be limited within the range 89–145 kJ mol−1 and the adsorption constants of hydrogen and carbon monoxide were in the range −32 to −76 kJ mol−1 and −13 to −64 kJ mol−1 respectively.
Nonequilibrium critical behavior of model statistical systems and methods for the description of its features
Authors: Prudnikov V V , Prudnikov P V , Mamonova M V
Published: February 2017

This paper reviews features in critical behavior of far-from-equilibrium macroscopic systems and presents current methods of describing them by referring to some model statistical systems such as the three-dimensional Ising model and the two-dimensional XY model. The paper examines the critical relaxation of homogeneous and structurally disordered systems subjected to abnormally strong fluctuation effects involved in ordering processes in solids at second-order phase transitions. Interest in such systems is due to the aging properties and fluctuation–dissipation theorem violations predicted for and observed in systems slowly evolving from a nonequilibrium initial state. It is shown that these features of nonequilibrium behavior show up in the magnetic properties of magnetic superstructures consisting of alternating nanoscale-thick magnetic and nonmagnetic layers and can be observed not only near the film’s critical ferromagnetic ordering temperature T
c, but also over the wide temperature range T ⩽ T
c.
Le fil d’Ariane et la traversée du Labyrinthe
Authors: Matricon-thomas Elodie
Published: February 2017

Parmi les objets de la mythologie grecque, nombreux sont ceux qui ont donné naissance à des expressions passées dans le langage courant aujourd’hui : par exemple, la métaphore du «fil d’Ariane » , empruntée au mythe de Thésée et du Minotaure, désigne ce qui sert de guide et permet de se tirer d’une situation difficile. Le fil d’Ariane est connu grâce à de nombreux témoignages dans l’iconographie, mais aussi dans la tragédie et dans la poésie antique. Sa postérité s’explique essentiellement par l’importance que lui ont accordée les auteurs et artistes romains : c’est grâce à leur médiation que cet objet mythique est devenu le point focal du mythe et est passé à la postérité en devenant une expression du langage courant. À l’origine en effet, le fil d’Ariane n’a qu’une fonction secondaire dans le mythe grec : il est seulement un des vecteurs de l’aide apportée à Thésée par Ariane. C’est seulement en passant dans la littérature latine qu’il gagne progressivement en importance, au point de résumer presque à lui seul le mythe de Thésée et de sa sortie du Labyrinthe. On observe donc une rupture majeure entre sources grecques – archaïques et classiques – et sources romaines : l’aide apportée à Thésée par Ariane se transforme au fur et à mesure du temps, en se focalisant sur le rôle apotropaïque du fil.
« La toison d’or » (Τὸ χρυσόμαλλο δέρας) de Yannis Ritsos, une (r)écriture grecque moderne
Authors: Olah Myriam
Published: February 2017

La «vieille histoire » de la toison d’or est composée de «reconfigurations » successives de genres. Issu du recueil Pierres Répétitions Barreaux (Πέτρες Ἐπαναλήψεις Κιγκλίδωμα), le court poème de Yannis Ritsos, «La toison d’or » (Τὸ χρυσόμαλλο δέρας), écrit le 5 mai 1968, après le coup d’État des colonels, est une (r) écriture grecque moderne des Argonautiques d’Apollonios de Rhodes. Par la matérialisation des vivants et une réduction de l’intrigue, l’auteur insiste sur la vanité d’un objet associé au pouvoir. Le poème, détournant le mythe antique, se concentre particulièrement sur la chose. La quête y devient synonyme d’ «épreuve » et «prétexte » pour évoquer l’expérience douloureuse que Yannis Ritsos a partagée avec ses compagnons poètes engagés contre la dictature. Le pelage y apparaît comme une allégorie de la poésie : source de tribulations, la toison d’or est aussi une «preuve » , un témoignage, dans le double sens du mot μαρτύριο qui clôt le texte grec moderne.
Visualisation, oralisation, dramatisation : la poétique des listes de noms dans l’épopée homérique
Authors: Perceau Sylvie
Published: February 2017

Les «catalogues » homériques incluent souvent des séries de noms propres. Quand ces noms sont énumérés sans élaboration, on aurait affaire à des «listes » , sans portée véritable. Pourtant, non seulement ces «listes » de noms partagent les caractéristiques de la «parole en catalogue » (un mode d’énonciation adapté à des circonstances exceptionnelles, où le locuteur exprime de façon performative un point de vue toujours singulier), mais surtout elles permettent de penser la liste en dehors des classifications rationnelles, comme un mode d’énonciation poétique qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la dramaturgie épique en sollicitant l’imagination du récepteur. Comparé à celui d’Hésiode, le «catalogue » des Néréides (Iliade, XVIII, 39-51) offre un exemple particulièrement remarquable de la poétique des listes de noms.
Γαῖα et l’action humaine dans la Théogonie
Authors: Peigney Jocelyne
Published: February 2017

Gaia and Human Endeavour in Hesiodic Theogony.

In Hesiodic Theogony, the gap between gods and men after Prometheus’ punishment makes human endeavour depend on gods, but the poetic structure in divine genealogies, the treatment of time and the superposition of the different aspects of gaia which is both divine figure and cosmic element, earth, one of the world areas as well as material, must be considered too. The way Hecate is depicted connecting divine and human and the Typhoeus episod where thunderbolt and metallurgic fire are paralleled poetically make human beings nearer to gods despite divine will ever ruling.
L’alphós delle Pretidi fra mito e tradizione medica
Authors: Marzari Francesca
Published: February 2017

Il segno distintivo delle figlie del mitico re greco Preto, colpevoli di aver offeso Era o Dioniso una volta raggiunta l’età propizia per le nozze, è certo la follia. Eppure, la prima fonte scritta che ne parla (Esiodo) fornisce una descrizione ben più articolata della loro condizione, che include una sfrenata lascivia e una malattia della pelle (definita con i termini knýos e alphós) che le rende calve e le sfigura. Quest’ultimo tratto riapparirà, seppur in forma sporadica, anche in fonti successive. In questo contributo mi concentrerò sull’alphós, una forma di depigmentazione cutanea affine alla vitiligine. Partendo da una analisi delle fonti che associano tale disturbo alle Pretidi, mi avvarrò delle teorie della tradizione ippocratica per inquadrare il possibile rapporto tra concezioni mediche antiche e il significato simbolico di tale malattia all’interno del mito in questione.
Un nouvel exemple de réception d’une figure paléo-chrétienne dans le roman français : Athénagore d’Athènes et le Vray et parfait amour de Martin Fumée (1599)
Authors: Pouderon Bernard
Published: February 2017

A New Example of the Reception of an Ancient Christian Figure in the Renaissance Novel : Athenagoras and Martin Fumée’s Du vray et parfait amour (1599).

The attribution of the French novel Du vray et parfait amour (Paris, 1599 and 1612) to the Athenian philosopher Athenagoras (actually a second century Christian apologist) by its author, Martin Fumée or Guillaume Philandier, is based on an implicit connection between two other Church great figures : first the novelist Heliodorus, then looked upon as the bishop of Trikka (Thessaly) after having published his famous work The Ethiopics ; second Eustathios, archbishop of Thessaloniki, who was supposed to be the author of the Byzantine novel Hysmene and Hysmenias, actually a work of Eumathios Makrembolites. The heroes of both novels (Du vray et parfait amour and The Ethiopics) have very close names (Theagenes and Theogenes, Chariclea and Charide) ; furthermore the name Athenagoras may have been borrowed to another Greek romance, yet unpublished, but known by scholars, Chaireas and Callirhoe.
Versatile synthesis of the signaling peptide glorin
Authors: Barnett Robert , Raszkowski Daniel , Winckler Thomas , Stallforth Pierre
Published: February 2017

We present a versatile synthesis of the eukaryotic signaling peptide glorin as well as glorinamide, a synthetic analog. The ability of these compounds to activate glorin-induced genes in the social amoeba Polysphondylium pallidum was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR, whereby both compounds showed bioactivity comparable to a glorin standard. This synthetic route will be useful in conducting detailed structure–activity relationship studies as well as in the design of chemical probes to dissect glorin-mediated signaling pathways.
EXPLORING EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN POLISH FAMILY FIRMS. CASE OF RETAIL SECTOR
Authors: KUBICA Iwona , SZARUCKI Marek
Published: February 2017

This article focuses on the construct employee motivation in family businesses. Its main aim is to examine employee motivation in family firms on the example of selected companies from the retail sector in Poland. First, selected theoretical aspects of family business functioning have been discussed. Second, the special character of employee motivation in family firms has been presented, in the light of literature. As methods of research literature review and a semistructured questionnaire were applied. The empirical part presents the results of the analysis of the employee motivation in the selected firms. Finally, some insights and recommendations for future research were proposed.
A Measurement of Radius Inflation in the Pleiades and Its Relation to Rotation and Lithium Depletion
Authors: Somers Garrett , Stassun Keivan G.
Published: February 2017

Precise measurements of eclipsing binary parameters and statistical studies of young clusters have suggested that some magnetically active low-mass dwarfs possess radii inflated by ∼5%–15% relative to theoretical expectations. If true, this effect should be pronounced in young open clusters, due to the rapid rotation and strong magnetic activity of their most extreme members. We explore this possibility by determining empirical radii for 83 members of the nearby Pleiades open cluster, using spectral energy distribution fitting to establish

with a typical accuracy of ≈3% together with color and spectro-photometric indices to determine

. We find several Pleiades members with radii inflated above radius-

models from state-of-the-art calculations, and apparent dispersions in radii for the K-dwarfs of the cluster. Moreover, we demonstrate that this putative radius inflation correlates strongly with rotation rate, consistent with inflation of young stars by magnetic activity and/or starspots. We argue that this signal is not a consequence of starspot-induced color anomalies, binarity, or depth effects in the cluster, employing Gaia DR1 distances as a check. Finally, we consider the lithium abundances of these stars, demonstrating a triple correlation between rotation rate, radius inflation, and enhanced lithium abundance. Our result—already significant to ∼99.99% confidence—provides strong support for a magnetic origin of the inflated radii and lithium dispersion observed in young, low-mass stars.
Correcting Type Ia Supernova Distances for Selection Biases and Contamination in Photometrically Identified Samples
Authors: Kessler R. , Scolnic D.
Published: February 2017

We present a new technique to create a bin-averaged Hubble diagram (HD) from photometrically identified SN Ia data. The resulting HD is corrected for selection biases and contamination from core-collapse (CC) SNe, and can be used to infer cosmological parameters. This method, called “BEAMS with Bias Corrections” (BBC), includes two fitting stages. The first BBC fitting stage uses a posterior distribution that includes multiple SN likelihoods, a Monte Carlo simulation to bias-correct the fitted SALT-II parameters, and CC probabilities determined from a machine-learning technique. The BBC fit determines (1) a bin-averaged HD (average distance versus redshift), and (2) the nuisance parameters α and β, which multiply the stretch and color (respectively) to standardize the SN brightness. In the second stage, the bin-averaged HD is fit to a cosmological model where priors can be imposed. We perform high-precision tests of the BBC method by simulating large (150,000 event) data samples corresponding to the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program. Our tests include three models of intrinsic scatter, each with two different CC rates. In the BBC fit, the SALT-II nuisance parameters α and β are recovered to within 1% of their true values. In the cosmology fit, we determine the dark energy equation of state parameter w using a fixed value of

as a prior: averaging over all six tests based on 6 × 150,000 = 900,000 SNe, there is a small w-bias of

. Finally, the BBC fitting code is publicly available in the SNANA package.
Fundamental Physics with the Hubble Frontier Fields: Constraining Dark Matter Models with the Abundance of Extremely Faint and Distant Galaxies
Authors: Menci N. , Merle A. , Totzauer M. , Schneider A. , Grazian A. , Castellano M. , Sanchez N. G.
Published: February 2017

We show that the measured abundance of ultra-faint lensed galaxies at

z
≈
6

in the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) provides stringent constraints on the parameter space of (i) dark matter models based on keV sterile neutrinos; (ii) “fuzzy” wavelike dark matter models, based on Bose–Einstein condensates of ultra-light particles. For the case of sterile neutrinos, we consider two production mechanisms: resonant production through mixing with active neutrinos and the decay of scalar particles. For the former model, we derive constraints for the combination of sterile neutrino mass

m

ν

and mixing parameter

sin

2

(
2
θ
)

which provide the tightest lower bounds on the mixing angle (and hence on the lepton asymmetry) derived so far by methods independent of baryonic physics. For the latter we compute the allowed combinations of the scalar mass, its coupling to the Higgs field, and the Yukawa coupling of scalar to sterile neutrinos. We compare our results to independent existing astrophysical bounds on sterile neutrinos in the same mass range. For the case of “fuzzy” dark matter, we show that the observed number density

≈
1

/

Mpc

3

of high-redshift galaxies in the HFF sets a lower limit

m

ψ

≥
8
·

10

−
22

eV (at the 3-σ confidence level) on the particle mass, a result that strongly disfavors wavelike bosonic dark matter as a viable model for structure formation. We discuss the impact on our results of uncertainties due to systematics in the selection of highly magnified, faint galaxies at high redshift.
Various Local Heating Events in the Earliest Phase of Flux Emergence
Authors: Toriumi Shin , Katsukawa Yukio , Cheung Mark C. M.
Published: February 2017

Emerging flux regions (EFRs) are known to exhibit various sporadic local heating events in the lower atmosphere. To investigate the characteristics of these events, especially to link the photospheric magnetic fields and atmospheric dynamics, we analyze Hinode, Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), and Solar Dynamics Observatory data of a new EFR in NOAA AR 12401. Out of 151 bright points (BPs) identified in Hinode/SOT Ca images, 29 are overlapped by an SOT/SP scan. Seven BPs in the EFR center possess mixed-polarity magnetic backgrounds in the photosphere. Their IRIS UV spectra (e.g., Si iv 1402.8 Å) are strongly enhanced and red- or blueshifted, with tails reaching

, which is highly suggestive of bi-directional jets; each brightening lasts for 10–15 minutes, leaving flare-like light curves. Most of this group show bald patches, the U-shaped photospheric magnetic loops. Another 10 BPs are found in unipolar regions at the EFR edges. They are generally weaker in UV intensities and exhibit systematic redshifts with Doppler speeds up to

, which could exceed the local sound speed in the transition region. Both types of BPs show signs of strong temperature increase in the low chromosphere. These observational results support the physical picture that heating events in the EFR center are due to magnetic reconnection within cancelling undular fields like Ellerman bombs, while the peripheral heating events are due to shocks or strong compressions caused by fast downflows along the overlying arch filament system.
Galactic Dark Matter Halos and Globular Cluster Populations. III. Extension to Extreme Environments
Authors: Harris William E. , Blakeslee John P. , Harris Gretchen L. H.
Published: February 2017

The total mass

in the globular cluster (GC) system of a galaxy is empirically a near-constant fraction of the total mass

of the galaxy across a range of 105 in galaxy mass. This trend is radically unlike the strongly nonlinear behavior of total stellar mass M
⋆ versus M

h
. We discuss extensions of this trend to two more extreme situations: (a) entire clusters of galaxies and (b) the ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) recently discovered in Coma and elsewhere. Our calibration of the ratio

from normal galaxies, accounting for new revisions in the adopted mass-to-light ratio for GCs, now gives

as the mean absolute mass fraction. We find that the same ratio appears valid for galaxy clusters and UDGs. Estimates of

in the four clusters we examine tend to be slightly higher than for individual galaxies, but more data and better constraints on the mean GC mass in such systems are needed to determine if this difference is significant. We use the constancy of

to estimate total masses for several individual cases; for example, the total mass of the Milky Way is calculated to be

. Physical explanations for the uniformity of

are still descriptive, but point to a picture in which massive dense star clusters in their formation stages were relatively immune to the feedback that more strongly influenced lower-density regions where most stars form.
A Search for Transitions between States in Redbacks and Black Widows Using Seven Years of Fermi-LAT Observations
Authors: Torres Diego F. , Ji Long , Li Jian , Papitto Alessandro , Rea Nanda , Wilhelmi Emma de Oña , Zhang Shu
Published: February 2017

Considering about seven years of Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) data, we present a systematic search for variability that is possibly related to transitions between states in redbacks and black widow systems. The transitions are characterized by sudden and significant changes in the gamma-ray flux that persist on a timescale that is much larger than the orbital period. This phenomenology was already detected in the case of two redback systems, PSR J1023+0038 and PSR J1227−4853, which we present here. We show the existence of only one transition for each of these systems over the past seven years. We determine their spectra, establishing high-energy cutoffs at a few GeV for the high gamma-ray state of PSR J1023+0038, and for both states of PSR J1227−4853. The surveying capability of the Fermi-LAT allows further study of whether similar phenomenology has occurred in other sources. Although we have not found any evidence of a state transition for most of the studied pulsars, we note two black-widow systems, PSR J2234+0944 and PSR J1446−4701, whose apparent variabilities are  reminiscent of the transitions in PSR J1023+0038 and PSR J1227−4853. For the other systems, we set limits on potential transitions in their measured gamma-ray light curves.
Luminous and Variable Stars in M31 and M33. IV. Luminous Blue Variables, Candidate LBVs, B[e] Supergiants, and the Warm Hypergiants: How to Tell Them Apart*
Authors: Humphreys Roberta M. , Gordon Michael S. , Martin John C. , Weis Kerstin , Hahn David
Published: February 2017

In this series of papers we have presented the results of a spectroscopic survey of luminous stars in the nearby spirals M31 and M33. Here, we present spectroscopy of 132 additional stars. Most have emission-line spectra, including luminous blue variables (LBVs) and candidate LBVs, Fe ii emission line stars, the B[e] supergiants, and the warm hypergiants. Many of these objects are spectroscopically similar and are often confused with each other. We examine their similarities and differences and propose the following guidelines that can be used to help distinguish these stars in future work. (1) The B[e] supergiants have emission lines of [O i] and [Fe ii] in their spectra. Most of the spectroscopically confirmed sgB[e] stars also have warm circumstellar dust in their spectral energy distributions (SEDs). (2) Confirmed LBVs do not have the [O i] emission lines in their spectra. Some LBVs have [Fe ii] emission lines, but not all. Their SEDs show free–free emission in the near-infrared but no evidence for warm dust. Their most important and defining characteristic is the S Dor-type variability. (3) The warm hypergiants spectroscopically resemble the LBVs in their dense wind state and the B[e] supergiants. However, they are very dusty. Some have [Fe ii] and [O i] emission in their spectra like the sgB[e] stars, but are distinguished by their A- and F-type absorption-line spectra. In contrast, the B[e] supergiant spectra have strong continua and few if any apparent absorption lines. Candidate LBVs should share the spectral characteristics of the confirmed LBVs with low outflow velocities and the lack of warm circumstellar dust.
Line Identification of Atomic and Ionic Spectra of Holmium in the Near-UV. II. Spectra of Ho ii and Ho iii
Authors: Başar Gö. , Al-Labady N. , Özdalgiç B. , Güzelçimen F. , Er A. , Öztürk I. K. , Ak T. , Bİlİr S. , Tamanis M. , Ferber R. , Kröger S.
Published: February 2017

Fourier Transform spectra of holmium (Ho) in the UV spectral range from 31,530 to 25,000 cm−1 (317 to 400 nm) have been investigated, particularly focusing on the ionic lines. The distinction between the different degrees of ionization (I, II, and III) is based on differences in signal-to-noise ratios from two Ho spectra, which have been measured with different buffer gases, i.e., neon and argon. Based on 106 known Ho ii and 126 known Ho iii energy levels, 97 lines could be classified as transitions of singly ionized Ho and 9 lines could be classified as transitions of doubly ionized Ho. Of the 97 Ho ii lines, 6 have not been listed in the extant literature. Another 215 lines have been assigned to Ho ii, though they could not be classified on the basis of the known energy levels.
L’arsenal de Dunkerque au temps de la guerre de la Ligue d’Augsbourg
Authors: Martin Sébastien
Published: February 2017

Les années qui séparent l’achat de Dunkerque par Louis XIV de la destruction des installations portuaires imposée par le traité d’Utrecht constituent une période à part dans l’histoire de la ville. L’ambition du Roi-Soleil pour Dunkerque est le fil conducteur d’une évolution qui l’amène à devenir une cité militaire stratégique lors de la guerre de la Ligue d’Augsbourg. Ce constat invite à examiner la situation des installations portuaires militaires de cette époque, à mesurer leur participation à l’effort de guerre et à apprécier le poids de l’État sur le développement économique d’une ville qui s’agrandit à l’ombre de deux génies, la guerre et le port.
Spatial Databases
Authors: Samson Grace L. , Lu Joan , Usman Mistura M. , Xu Qiang
Published: February 2017

Spatial databases maintain space information which is appropriate for applications where there is need to monitor the position of an object or event over space. Spatial databases describe the fundamental representation of the object of a dataset that comes from spatial or geographic entities. A spatial database supports aspects of space and offers spatial data types in its data model and query language. The spatial or geographic referencing attributes of the objects in a spatial database permits them to be positioned within a two (2) dimensional or three (3) dimensional space. This chapter looks into the fundamentals of spatial databases and describes their basic component, operations and architecture. The study focuses on the data models, query Language, query processing, indexes and query optimization of a spatial databases that approves spatial databases as a necessary tool for data storage and retrieval for multidimensional data of high dimensional spaces.