bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Malaria Parasite Species Composition of Plasmodium Infections Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic School-Age Children in Rural and Urban Areas of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Nundu Sabin S. , Culleton Richard , Simpson Shirley V. , Arima Hiroaki , Muyembe Jean-Jacques , Mita Toshihiro , Ahuka Steve , Yamamoto Taro
Published: April 2021

Background. Malaria remains a major public health concern in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and school-age children are relatively neglected in malaria prevalence surveys and may constitute a significant reservoir of transmission. This study aimed to understand the burden of malaria infections in school-age children in Kinshasa/DRC.Methods. 634 (427 asymptomatic and 207 symptomatic) blood samples were collected from a cross-sectional survey of school-age children aged 6 to 14 years both without and with malaria symptoms. Nested-PCR was performed for malaria parasite species typing. Results. The overall prevalence of Plasmodium spp., Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale was 62.3, 58.1, 19.9 and 10.8% among asymptomatic whereas it was 94.4, 93.2, 12.6 and 15.9% in symptomatic children, respectively. All Plasmodium species infections were significantly more prevalent in the rural area compared to the urban area in asymptomatic infections (p<0.001). Living in a rural as opposed to an urban area was associated with a five-fold greater risk of asymptomatic malaria parasite carriage (p<0.001). Amongst asymptomatic malaria parasite carriers, 43% of children in the rural area were co-infected with two or more species with P. falciparum + P. malariae the most common (24%) whereas in the urban setting, fewer children carried co-infections (16%) with P. falciparum + P. malariae again the most common (9%). A fifth of rural-dwelling symptomatic children were co-infected with two or more species with P. falciparum + P. ovale the most common (14%), while a quarter of symptomatic children in the urban area carried multiple species, with co-infections of P. falciparum + P. malariae the most common (11%). Conclusion. School-age children are at significant risk from both asymptomatic and symptomatic malaria parasite infections. Continuous systematic screening and treatment of school-age children in high-transmission settings across the country may reinforce malaria intervention measures.
Massive economic costs of invasive bivalves in freshwater ecosystems
Authors: Haubrock Phillip J. , Cuthberg Ross N. , Ricciardi Anthony , Diagne Christophe , Courchamp Franck
Published: April 2021

Many countries lack the economic capacity to effectively manage invasive species. Yet, the direct socioeconomic impact generally much outweighs the expected costs of prevention. A distinct lack of monetary cost quantification associated with key invasive species groups impedes decision-making, and thus resource allocation, by policy makers to address invasions. Here, we synthesize published global economic costs of impacts for one key taxonomic group – freshwater bivalves – whilst explicitly considering the reliability of estimation methodologies, cost types, economic sectors and impacted regions. Although several species from this group are notorious widespread invaders, estimations of their economic costs have remained relatively sparse. Cumulative total global costs of invasive macrofouling bivalves were US$ 63.6 billion (2017 USD) across all regions and socioeconomic sectors between 1980 and 2020. Costs were heavily biased taxonomically and spatially, dominated by two families, Dreissenidae and Cyrenidae (Corbiculidae), and largely constrained to North America. The largest share of reported costs ($ 30.6 billion) did not make the distinction between damage and management. However, of those that did, damages and resource losses were one order of magnitude higher ($ 30.3 billion) than control or preventative measures ($ 1.7 billion). Moreover, although many impacted socioeconomic sectors lacked specification, the largest shares of costs were incurred through authorities and stakeholders ($ 26.3 billion, e.g. public and private sector interventions) and by public and social welfare ($ 11.6 billion, e.g. via power/drinking water plant and irrigation system damage). Average cost estimates over the entire period amounted to approximately $ 1.6 billion per year, most of which was incurred in North America. We thus present novel cost quantifications that offer a strong economic incentive to invest in preventative management of invasive bivalves in freshwaters. However, these costs are severely underestimated because well-documented economic impacts are lacking for most invaded countries and most invasive bivalve species.
Men who care too much do not work: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of unpaid caregiving by men on their labour market participation
Authors: Fu Rui , Guo Jennifer , Coyte Peter C.
Published: April 2021

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of unpaid caregiving by men on their labour force participation (LFP).Methods: English-language journal articles, dissertations and working/conference papers from the MEDLINE, Embase, AgeLine, EconLit, EconPapers and the International Bibliography of the Social Science databases were searched from January 2007 to February 2021. We pooled the marginal effect of caregiving on men’s LFP in a random-effects model where LFP was defined as being gainfully employed while non-LFP comprised all other circumstances. Non-parametric methods were used to estimate the probability that caregiving was negatively associated with LFP. Meta-regressions were conducted with countries stratified by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita as a moderator variable. Secondary analyses were performed on employed men to assess the potential caregiving effect on temporary work exit and permanent retirement.Results: Thirty-one studies (904,694 men) were included in the review with 28 of these studies (892,805 men) used in the meta-analysis. The random-effects model found men who were weekly, daily or primary caregivers to experience a 4.4%, 8.0% and 10.0% reduction in their LFP, when compared to their respective counterparts. We estimated weekly, daily or primary caregivers to have an 87.3% (95% CI: 70%-96%), 87.5% (95% CI: 84%-96%) and 80.8% (95% CI: 67%-100%) chance of a lower LFP. An hourly increase in caregiving was unrelated to LFP (p-value=0.106). Among employed men (24,319 men), caregiving was found to be unrelated with retirement (p-value=0.156) and no meta-analysis was conducted on temporary work exit. No difference was found across countries stratified by GNI per capita.Conclusions: These results urge policy decisionmakers to provide more flexible work arrangements and other protective measures to support male employees who are weekly, daily or primary caregivers. Future meta-analyses should explore the effect of caregiving on other dimensions of labour supply (e.g., hours of work) by men. The scarcity of studies conducted in low-/middle-income countries might be addressed by creating population-based cohorts following the protocol of existing studies such as the American HRS (Health and Retirement Study). JEL classification: J16, J20, J22, J26
Extradural Glomus Tumor of the Thoracic Spine: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Zheng Jihui , Li Xinxing
Published: April 2021

Objective

Glomus tumors are rare lesions that can arise anywhere along the spinal axis. Only thirteen cases have been reported. We report a case of a patient with a rare glomangioma of the thoracic spine. Following a review of the twelve previous cases is a discussion of a spinal glomus tumor with regard to clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.
Methods

A single, recent case arising from the extradural space of the thoracic spine is described, followed by a literature review of spinal glomus tumors.
Results

Including our case, thirteen cases of a glomus tumor have been reported. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 44.6 years (range: 22–73 years) and the male-to-female (M:F) ratio was 1.17:1. The lesion was located in the cervical spine in 1 patient, the thoracic spine in 7 patients, the lumbar spine in 4 patients, and the sacrum in 1 patient. All the tumors were benign; however, there was one report of local recurrence because of incomplete removal. There were no malignant transformations, metastases, or deaths reported with a mean follow-up of 20.09 ± 28.43 months (range: 2–90 months).
Conclusions

Spinal glomus tumor are rare, and the preoperative diagnosis is difficult. An overwhelming majority of glomus tumors are benign and are cured by simple local excision. Patients undergoing complete resection have an excellent long-term prognosis.
Fibrinogen/Albumin Ratio Index is An Independent Predictor of Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Following Surgical Resection
Authors: Liu Hu , Qiu Guoteng , Hu Fengjuan , Wu Hong
Published: April 2021

Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status are associated with tumor development and progression. This study investigated the prognostic value of fibrinogen/albumin ratio index (FARI) in predicting recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) undergoing hepatectomy.Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted including patients who received curative hepatectomy for ICC at between May 2010 and December 2016. We collected the preoperative hematologic parameters and clinical data of all patients. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve were used to identify the optimal cut-off value of FARI. The association between FARI-High and FARI-Low group was investigated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. A nomogram based on the results of univariate and multivariate analysis were established. Results: A total of 394 patients with ICC who underwent hepatectomy at our hospital were enrolled. K-M analysis revealed that decreased FARI was related to reduced RFS (P<0.001). The multivariate analysis indicated that tumor number, tumor–node–metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis, cirrhosis, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and FARI were independent predictors of RFS; and the ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff value for FARI was 0.084 based on the Youden index. The nomogram for FARI showed satisfactory accuracy in predicting RFS for ICC patients undergoing hepatectomy (C index=0.663; AIC=3081.07). Conclusion: Preoperative FARI is an independent predictor of RFS in patients undergoing hepatectomy for ICC, and the nomogram can be useful for clinical decision-making in the postoperative management of these patients.
A Novel Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature Robustly Predicts Clinical Prognosis And Tumor Immunity in Patients With Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Song Wei , Kang Weiting , Zhang Qi
Published: April 2021

Objective: This study aimed to construct a ferroptosis-related gene signature to predict clinical prognosis and tumor immunity in patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC).Methods: The mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of KIRC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), which were randomly divided into training (398 patients) and validation set (132 patients). The iron death related (IDR) prediction model was constructed based on training set and 60 ferroptosis-related genes from previous literatures, followed by prognostic performance evaluation and verification using the validation set. Moreover, functional enrichment, immune cell infiltration, metagene clusters correlation, and TIDE scoring analyses were performed. Results: In total, 23 ferroptosis-related genes were significantly associated with overall survival (OS). The IDR prediction model (a 10-gene signature) was then constructed to stratify patients into two risk groups. The OS of KIRC patients with high-risk scores was significantly shorter than those with low-risk scores. Moreover, the risk score was confirmed as an independent prognostic predictor for OS. The positive and negative correlated genes with this model were significantly enriched in p53 signaling pathway, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. The patients in the high-risk group had higher ratios of plasma cells, T cells CD8, and T cells regulatory Tregs. Furthermore, IgG, HCK, LCK, and Interferson metagenes were significantly correlated with risk score. By TIDE score analysis, patients in the high-risk group could benefit from immunotherapy.Conclusions: The identified ferroptosis-related gene signature is significantly correlated with clinical prognosis and immune immunity in KIRC patients.
Circle RNA PLEC Acts as a Sponge of Microrna-198 to Promote Gastric Carcinoma Cell Resistance to Paclitaxel and Tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhou Ning , Wang Wei , Xu Chunlei , Yu Wenyan
Published: April 2021

Gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the most frequent type of malignancy all over the world. The resistance of Paclitaxel (PTX) has become the obstacle of the prognosis of GC, and the underlying mechanism of is not clear. Previous study showed that GC-related circRNAs have been identified via microarray analysis and bioinformatics analysis, and we discovered that circPLEC (hsa_circ_0085923) remarkably upregulated in GC cells. The molecular mechanism of circPLEC in PTX-resistance GC cells still needs to explore.The expression of circPLEC in GC cells, PTX-resistant GC cells and GC tissues was analyzed by qRT-PCR. CircPLEC was knocked down in GC cells by transfecting shRNA, and then we used the CCK-8 assay, transwell, and FCM analysis to verify the effect in circPLEC in PTX-resistant GC cells. Additionally, we used luciferase reporter assays to confirm the relationship among circPLEC, miR-198 and MUC19.In present study, qRT-PCR exhibited that circPLEC were upregulated in PTX-resistant GC tissues and cells, indicating that circPLEC boost the PTX resistance of GC. circPLEC downregulation could weaken the GC resistance to PTX and the ability of tumorigenesis, migration and invasion, and promote the apoptosis of PTX-resistant GC cells. miR-198 inhibitor could revise the effect of circPLEC downregulation in PTX-resistant GC cells, and MUC19 downregulation could weaken the GC resistance to PTX and the tumorigenesis, and improve the apoptosis of PTX-resistant GC cells. In summary, circPLEC acts as a sponge of miR-198 to promote the PTX resistance and tumorigenesis of GC cells by regulating MUC19 expression.
A Nomogram to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis Risk for Early Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Duan Xiaofeng , Shang Xiaobin , Yue Jie , Ma Zhao , Chen Chuangui , Tang Peng , Jiang Hongjing , Yu Zhentao
Published: April 2021

Background: A nomogram was developed to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) for patients with early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods: We used the clinical data of ESCC patients with pathological T1 stage disease who underwent surgery from January 2011 to June 2018 to develop a nomogram model. Multivariable logistic regression was used to confirm the risk factors for variable selection. The risk of LNM was stratified based on the nomogram model. The nomogram was validated by an independent cohort which included early ESCC patients underwent esophagectomy between July 2018 and December 2019.Results: Of the 223 patients, 36 (16.1%) patients had LNM. The following three variables were confirmed as LNM risk factors and were included in the nomogram model: tumor differentiation (odds ratio [OR]=3.776, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.515-9.360, p=0.004), depth of tumor invasion (OR=3.124, 95% CI 1.146-8.511, p=0.026), and tumor size (OR=2.420, 95% CI 1.070-5.473, p=0.034). The C-index was 0.810 (95% CI 0.742-0.895) in the derivation cohort (223 patients) and 0.830 (95% CI 0.763-0.902) in the validation cohort (80 patients). Conclusions: A validated nomogram can predict the risk of LNM via risk stratification. It could be used to assist in the decision-making process to determine which patients should undergo esophagectomy and for which patients with a low risk of LNM, curative endoscopic resection would be sufficient.
MKL1 Regulates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation, Migration and Apoptosis via the COMPASS Complex and NF-Κb Signaling
Authors: Liu Zhao , Sun Jiuzheng , Li Chuanzhi , Xu Liyou , Liu Jun
Published: April 2021

Background

Histone modification plays essential roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis, but the regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to analyze the roles of Megakaryoblastic leukemia 1 (MKL1) and its regulation of COMPASS (complex of proteins associated with Set1) in HCC cells.
Methods

MKL1 expression in clinical tissues and cell lines were detected by bioinformatics, qRT-PCR and western blot. MKL1 expression in HCC cells were silenced with siRNA, followed by cell proliferation evaluation via Edu staining and colony formation, migration and invasion using the Transwell system, and apoptosis by Hoechst staining. HCC cell tumorigenesis was assessed by cancer cell line-based xenograft model, combined with H&E staining and IHC assays.
Results

MKL1 expression was elevated in HCC cells and clinical tissues which was correlated with poor prognosis. MKL1 silencing significantly repressed proliferation, migration, invasion and colony formation but enhanced apoptosis in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells. MKL1 silencing also inhibited COMPASS components and p65 protein expression in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells. HepG2 cell tumorigenesis in nude mice was severely impaired by MKL1 knockdown, resulted into suppressed Ki67 expression and cell proliferation.
Conclusion

MKL1 promotes HCC pathogenesis by regulating hepatic cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis via the COMPASS complex and NF-κB signaling.
Valorization of dietary lemon pomace waste to enhance lucerne silage composition and quality characteristics, and ruminal biogas production and fermentation
Authors: Besharati Maghsoud , Palangi Valiollah , Nemati Zabihollah , Safari Rashid , Salem Abdelfattah Z. M.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding various levels of waste sour lemon pomace to lucerne on the properties and ruminal gas production of silage. Levels of 0 (Control), 25 (L1), 50 (L2), 75 (L3), and 100 (L4) % lemon pomace were replaced by lucerne for silage preparation and silenced for 60 days. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications (3 silos per treatment). After opening the silos, pH and dry matter were measured immediately, and the dried samples were kept at -20 until further tests. The silage pH decreased with the addition of lemon pomace compared to the control (p < 0.05). Total silage volatile fatty acids and dry matter content increased with adding lemon pomace. The results of gas production also showed that lemon pomace increased the in vitro gas production volume. Adding lemon pomace to lucerne silage due to the high pectin content in these agricultural wastes caused a rapid decrease of silage pH and an acidic environment. It prevented the growth of non-beneficial bacterial species. The obtained data showed that waste sour lemon has a good potential to use as a livestock feedstuff that can be useful in reducing the cost of ruminant production and preventing environmental pollution.
Should we avoid heparin based anticoagulants in “COVID-19 infection-vaccination related thrombosis”? Insights from the HIT like syndrome observed with infected cases. 
Authors: AbdelMassih Antoine , Hozaien Rafeef , Shershaby Meryam El , Kamel Aya , Ismail Habiba-Allah , Fouda Raghda
Published: April 2021

Background: Recent reports of the prothrombotic states announced in the recipients of the ChAdOx vaccine, similar to HIT sounded alarm bells internationally.The sole outcome parameter of this systematic review was to detect similar cases of Prothrombotic state in COVID-19 infected patientsMethodology: Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Central Register were used to search for specic keywords such as “COVID-19” OR “SARS-CoV-2” AND “Heparin induced thrombocytopenia” for relevant publications up to 1st of April 2021. The systematic review was performed using PRISMA protocol.Results: Nine cases reports/series have been identified including 18 cases, venous thrombosis was the commonest type of observed thrombosis accounting for 72 % of cases, the mean age of cases was 57±4.Conclusion: Similar episodes of HIT were detailed in several case reports of COVID patients. This suggests a common pathogenesis and warrants a screening of all COVID-19 patients presenting with thrombo-embolism using anti-PF4 antibodies and using non heparin based anticoagulants for their management.
A Review of Thromboembolic Events in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Fontelo Paul , Bastola Mrigendra M , Zheng Zhaonian , Baik Seo Hyon
Published: April 2021

Context: A higher incidence of thromboembolic disorders in COVID-19 has been reported by many clinicians worldwide.Objective, Design and Data Sources: Selected studies found in PubMed that reported thromboembolic events were included for meta-analysis using weighted fixed and random effects. Data from 19 articles on cohort studies in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and thromboembolic events, including thrombosis and embolism were included in this review.Results: The likelihood for developing thromboembolic disorders in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 0.28 (95% CI 0.21–0.36).Conclusion: This study further validates the increased risk of VTE in COVID-19 patients when compared to healthy, non-hospitalized people, and hospitalized patients. These findings will be useful to researchers and medical practitioners caring for COVID-19 patients.
Water quality of the Gualaxo do Norte and Carmo rivers after the Fundão dam collapse, Mariana, MG
Authors: Santana Felipe Carvalho , Francelino Márcio R. , Schaefer Carlos E. G. R. , Veloso Gustavo V. , Fernandes-Filho Elpídio Inácio , Santana Adalgisa J. P. , Timo Lucas , Rosa André
Published: April 2021

We investigated the effects of Fe-mining tailings of the Fundão dam on water quality, concerning physical and chemical parameters, aiming to infer the recovery process of the affected areas, and prospects of water quality in the coming years. Water quality data from the Gualaxo do Norte and Carmo rivers were evaluated in three moments: (i) before the dam rupture (1999–2000); (ii) one year after the rupture of the Fundão dam (2016); and (iii) after the implementation of recover mitigation activities (2017–2019). Concerning the variables evaluated, the mean concentrations of Fe and Mn were higher in the dry period, and increasing turbidity was detected in the rainy season. The turbidity, even after the recovery measures, peaked at 300 and 400 NTU in 2017 and 2019, respectively. The concentrations of dissolved Fe, Mn and Cr, closely related to the tailings, decreased with rainfall by a dilution mechanism. Conversely, the concentrations of Cd, Al, Zn, and Cu increased in the rainy season, probably by greater erosion. The implementation of the recovery actions at the Gualaxo do Norte headwaters are helping to reduce the Mn and Fe concentrations and turbidity downriver, all associated with the Fe-mining tailings.
Healthcare Waste Generation, Composition and management Practice in Dilla University Referral Hospital: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kanno Girum Gebremeskel , Gondol Belay Negassa , Mamo Tizalegne Tesfaye ,   Abriham Shiferaw Areba1, Lagiso Zemachu Ashuro , Tsebe Awash Alembo , Legesse Miheret Tesfu , Dansa Daniel Abera , Admasu Mulugeta , Tesfaye Dagmawit , Sisay Gizaw , Eshete Negassa , Aregu Mekonnen Birhanie
Published: April 2021

Background: Improper collection, segregation, transportation, treatment and disposal of healthcare wastes waste pose risk to public health and the environment. The aim of this assessment was to determine the healthcare waste generation rate, composition and management practice in Dilla University Referral Hospital.Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dilla University Referral hospital from May to June 2019. The quantitative data was collected for eight consecutive days using direct measurment of healthcare waste. The qualitative data was collected by using questionnaire, observation checklist, and in-depth interview. The qualitative data was collected and transcribed and thematic content analysis was done.Result: A total of 1212.5 kg of healthcare waste was generated in the study period with an average of 151.56 kg (±73.4). The hazardous fraction of the healthcare waste was 581.9 kg (48 %) while the generation rate was 0.866 kg bed-1day-1. From the total healthcare waste, general waste was the highest 630.6 kg (52%) followed by infectious waste which was 299.5 kg (24.7%). There was no segregation of healthcare waste by type at the point of generation and there was no pre-treatment of infectious wastes. Placenta pit was used for pathological wastes and open burning was the main disposal mechanism for the remaining wastes.Conclusion: The finding indicated that the proportion of hazardous waste generated from the hospital was above the threshold set by the World Health Organization. There was a lack of appropriate waste segregation, storage, transport, treatment and disposal practices in the referal hospital.
Study of blood levels of Lactate, Vitamin D and Nucleated Red Blood Cells for early prediction of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy: A case-control study
Authors: Saad Ahmed Hosni , Mahmoud Ahmed Thabet , Soliman Mohamed Abdelrehem , Abdelaziz Alyaa Ahdy
Published: April 2021

Objective and background: Perinatal asphyxia is a serious medical condition in which there is lack of oxygen or blood flow during, or even after the labor process. So, this study aimed to study serum blood levels of Lactate, vitamin D and count of nucleated Red Blood Cells (nRBCs) per 100 White Blood Cells (WBCs) as early biological predictors of Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) after birth Asphyxia.Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 20 neonates with HIE comprising the cases (APGAR ≤ 5) and another 20 neonates representing the control group with their age, sex, and weight matched, admitted to NICU from March 2020 to the end of September 2020 at Menoufia University Hospital and El-Bagour Central Hospital, Egypt. Venous blood samples for lactate, vitamin D and nucleated RBCs were drawn during 1st 6h of birth and sent for analysis. Sarnat score was used to assess the severity of HIE.Results: Venous blood levels of lactate and nucleated Red Blood Cells per 100 White Blood Cells (nRBC/100 WBC) counts were significantly higher in HIE neonates than in the control group with a highly significant difference (P-value < 0.001). While serum Vitamin D was significantly lower in the HIE group than in the control (P-value < 0.001).Conclusion: Serum lactate level, vitamin D level and nRBCs/100 WBCs might be used as biomarkers in the early prediction of HIE.
Occupational risks in the aviation industry
Authors: Ryabchikova I. A. , Petyukova A. V.
Published: April 2021

The Russian aviation industry is one of the most important high-tech and science-intensive branches of machine building. The aircraft building enterprises employ about 150 thousand workers, whose conditions do not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. The purpose of the article is to analyze working conditions and assess occupational health risks for aviation workers on the example of an aircraft plant. The object of research is Ulan-Ude Aviation Plant, which is the largest enterprise in the Republic of Buryatia and part of Russian Helicopters JSC. It was found that the risk of occupational diseases is determined by harmful physical (industrial noise) and chemical (harmful substances) factors, as well as severity of the labor process. The largest deviations of the levels of professional risk from the maximum permissible level were revealed for the follwoing professions "screenman", "assembler" and "assembler of hydraulic units". The risks are "high" and "medium". For upholsterer and regulators of electromechanical and radio-technical equipment, the risks are within the permissible working conditions. It is necessary to reduce professional risks by modernizing production and its technological processes: replacing obsolete equipment with modern one, introducing the best available technologies, and automating processes.
Assessment of radiation hazard of uranium enterprises for the environment
Authors: Muzafarov A. M. , Allaberganova G. M. , Kulmatov R. A.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the article is to describe monitoring studies on the radiation state of air in populated and working areas near the uranium processing enterprise in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Ac-cording to the analytical measurement, the exposure dose of gamma radiation is equivalent to the equilibrium volume activity of radon, specific activity of long-lived alpha-emitting nuclides in the zone of influence of the enterprise, the working area, premises for storing uranium materials and manufacturing dumps, tailings dams and areas of underground uranium leaching. It was shown that the measurement results do not exceed the regional background and regulatory levels of radioactive radiation by all indicators. The dependence of the volume activity of radon at production facilities on the density of the radon flux from the soil was studied. The most intensive radioactive objects – uranium dumps – were identified. It was found out that there is no excess radioactive impact of the uranium enterprise on the environmental objects.
Contribuição da produção de biodiesel para a economia circular utilizando dinâmica de sistemas
Authors: Freitas Emmanuelle Soares de Carvalho , Xavier Lúcia Helena , Guarieiro Lilian Lefol Nani
Published: April 2021

A necessidade em adequar os processos produtivos aos novos paradigmas da economia circular, transformando os resíduos em insumos produtivos, representa um grande desafio. A produção de fontes alternativas de energia a partir de matéria-prima residual representa uma significativa contribuição dentro do conceito da economia circular. Desta forma, este trabalho utiliza a dinâmica de sistemas para o desenvolvimento de um modelo de simulação, analisando a integração do óleo residual na cadeia de produção e uso do biodiesel. O modelo analisado utilizou o software Vensim, avaliando três cenários em um período de 10 anos, verificando as possíveis mitigações de impacto em decorrência da correta destinação do óleo residual por meio da produção de biodiesel. Os resultados obtidos com a simulação dos cenários mostram que o cenário sustentável representa uma redução dos impactos ambientais que acontecem em função do descarte deste resíduo, redução nas emissões de CO2 e aumento na produção de biodiesel.
A comparative study of the adsorption of azo dyes in mixed adsorbents composed of Aspergillus niger and Citrus sinensis chemically modified: Influence of pH
Authors: Marques Liliane Martins , Lima Alice da Conceição Alves de , Leal Andressa Nathally Rocha , Santos Dayane Kelly Dias do Nascimento , Souza Karina Carvalho de , Cruz-Filho Iranildo José da
Published: April 2021

The economic growth of the textile sector in Brazil has contributed to the generation of new jobs, qualification of the workforce and better living conditions for the population. However, due to the high activity of the sector, large volumes of toxic effluents have been generated which, if improperly disposed of, cause serious environmental damage. Therefore, alternatives in the treatment of effluents are interesting to increase the availability of this resource. A technique that has stood out, for being efficient, easy to operate and economical, is adsorption, a passive capture process where pollutants are deposited on the surface of materials. Thus, the work aimed to carry out a comparative study of the influence of pH in the removal of the dyes Remazol Black (RB), Remazol Red (RR) and Remazol Yellow (RGY) using different mixed adsorbents constituted by the fungus Aspergillus niger grown in orange peel in two different culture media. Six types of adsorbents (three for each culture medium) were produced and were treated with acid, base and without treatment. These were subjected to adsorption tests at different pHs (2, 7 and 9), using a solution (25 mg.L-1) volume of 100 mL, 0.5 g of biomass, rotation 150 rpm, 30 oC. The results showed that the adsorbents produced were able to adsorb the dyes RB, RGY, RR at different pHs. The best adsorption condition was obtained at pH 2 and the adsorbents were treated with acid, showing a promising alternative for the treatment of textile effluents.
Negociações da ordem ambiental internacional das mudanças climáticas: uma revisão
Authors: Carriel Fernanda Gabrielle de Lima , Martins Islane Cristina
Published: April 2021

Segundo projeções do Painel Intergovernamental de Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC), nos próximos 100 anos a temperatura da Terra poderá aumentar entre 1,8 oC e 4 oC, assim é premente analisar como os países discutem ações de mitigação de emissões de gás carbônico. Por conta disso, observamos as posições dos EUA, China e Brasil devido à sua relevância para o tema. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as negociações da ordem ambiental internacional das mudanças climáticas. Foi feito um levantamento da literatura em novembro de 2020, nas bases de dados do portal Periódicos CAPES e Google Scholar, a partir do qual foi identificada uma base de 41.762 artigos, os quais passaram por um processo de triagem para seleção dos artigos adequados ao tema. Do total de artigos selecionados para avaliar a elegibilidade, foram incluídos na síntese qualitativa um total de sete artigos. A partir dessa análise observamos que os países têm mudado suas posições em relação às ações de mitigação, entretanto, essa modificação está muito mais vinculada aos interesses internos e externos dos países do que pela preocupação com o clima global.
Detecting Differential Item Functioning: Item Response Theory Methods Versus the Mantel-Haenszel Procedure
Authors: DİAZ Emily , BROOKS Gordon , JOHANSON George
Published: April 2021

This Monte Carlo study assessed Type I error in differential item functioning analyses using Lord’s chi-square (LC), Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT), and Mantel-Haenszel (MH) procedure. Two research interests were investigated: item response theory (IRT) model specification in LC and the LRT and continuity correction in the MH procedure. This study enhances the literature by investigating LC and the LRT using correct and incorrect model-data fit and comparing those results to the MH procedure. There were three fixed factors (number of test items, IRT parameter estimation method, and item parameter equating) and four varied factors (IRT model used to generate data and fit the data, sample size, and impact). The findings suggested the MH procedure without the continuity correction is best based on Type I error rate.
A STUDY ON STATUS OF URINARY HYDROXYPROLINE IN POST MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Sailo Lalrintlingi , Sarkar Apurba , Babu Suresh
Published: April 2021

Introduction: WHO and the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop have defined menopausal transition as the time of an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone and either increased variability in menstrual cycle length, two skipped menstrual cycles with 60 days or more of amenorrhea, or both. It concludes with the final menstrual period. Post-menopause begins at that time, although it is not recognized until after 12 months of amenorrhea. During menopause, women face various physiological, psychological, and biochemical changes. Laboratory medicine has given a new background to overcome the clinicianÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚s diagnostic dilemma. Hydroxyproline is mainly found in collagen and accounts for 13% of total amino acid content and derived from proline by post-translational hydroxylation. Hydroxyproline is derived from another amino acid such as proline. Direct urinary assay of hydroxyproline to measure bone resorption have clinical applications as part of screening programs to assess the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Method: A total of seventy patients with regular medical follow-up records, The Patients were pre and post-menopausal women (35 each) recruited for this study. Patient details like body mass index, education, smoking, alcohol intake, dietary habits, and family history were considered before selecting the patients. Analytical Methods: Urinary Hydroxyproline and Urinary creatinine was estimated by Modified Neumann et al and Spectrophotometric JaffeÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚s reaction respectively. Result: The study population consisted of 70 participants of premenopausal (n=35) and postmenopausal women (n=35), mean age of 38.11 ÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± 4.3 and 54.40 ÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± 4.6 respectively. The bone mineralization marker urinary total hydroxyproline was quantified in pre and post-menopausal women, which is 80.3 ÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± 75mg/L and 136 ÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± 103mg/L respectively. The urinary creatinine level in pre and post-menopausal women was 53.7 ÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± 14.2mg/dL and 37.0 ÃƒÂƒÃ¢Â€ÂšÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± 27.3 respectively. The hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio (HCR) was 41% to 69% against the normal reference interval in pre and post-menopausal women. Conclusion: The obtained normative data for the premenopausal woman population would be a new reference range in Indian sub-population or otherwise general population normative reference range commonly being used as a reference interval in all kind of pathophysiological disorders. Hence, the derived parameter confirmed that HCR is the most prognostic significant diagnostic marker in pre and post-menopausal patients.
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP AND CONDITION FACTOR FOR THREE EXPLOITED SYMPATRIC CICHLIDS INHABITED MARGINAL LAGOONS OF THE SOUTH-EAST OF COTE DIVOIRE, WEST AFRICA
Authors:   Laboratoire dEndocrinologie et Biologie de la Reproduction, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix HouphouÃ«t-Boigny, 01 BP V 34 Abidjan 01 Cote dIvoire., Koffi NGoran Bienvenu , Justin Konan Kouadio ,   Centre de Recherches Oceanologiques, BP V 18, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Justin Eyi Annigbe ,   UFR Sciences de la Nature, Universite Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Kouakou Koffi ,   Laboratoire dEndocrinologie et Biologie de la Reproduction, UFR Biosciences, Universite Felix HouphouÃ«t-Boigny, 01 BP V 34 Abidjan 01 Cote dIvoire.
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factors (K) of three Cichlids viz., Sarotherodonmelanotheron, Coptodonguineensis and the hybrid Coptodonguineensis x Coptodonzillii in three small lagoons invaded by macrophytes from the South-east of Cote dIvoire. Fishes were caught monthly from September 2017 to August 2019 using traps, gill nets, harpoons and hawks. Standard length and weight of individuals were taken to the nearest 1 mm and 0.1 g respectively. A total of 721, 932and 755 specimens were collected respectively in Ono, Kodjoboue and Hebe lagoons. For all species, two size classes namely sizes of 7-12 cm and 14-29 cm were encountered. About 65-70% of individuals have sizes varying from 14 cm to 20 cm vs. 20-25% of individuals with size ranging between 7 and 10 cm. The growth patterns were significant with a coefficient of determination (rÂ²) varying from 0.89 to 0.98. The slope values were 2.88-2.97 for S. melanotheron, 2.84-2.85 for C. guineensis and 2.90-2.98 for hybrids, with a significant variation according to sexes and localities. The condition factor showed the range of 3.96 Â± 0.61 to 4.25 Â± 1.97, indicating that despite being invaded by several macrophytes, the environment of these lagoons is well suitable for Cichlids.
FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM AS AN OBJECT OF MANAGEMENT AND COMPONENTS OF ITS SUCCESSFUL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Corporate Economics and Business Analytics Joint InternationalEducational Program between Ural State Economic University and Tashkent State Economic University Tashkent State University of Economics., Khulkar Khamitovna Khakimova
Published: April 2021

The world experience of socio-economic development shows that it is education that is the most important source of renewal of all aspects of society. In all developed countries, the importance of raising the educational level of the population is recognized. Higher educational institutions in the new conditions of functioning act as economic entities providing a wide range of educational services using modern educational technologies. The educational process in universities is influenced by the intensively changing external environment, which determines the need to improve the efficiency and quality of management.
Impact of culture, brand image and price on buying decisions: Evidence from East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sudaryanto Sudaryanto , Suroso Imam , Hanim Anifatul , Pansiri Jaloni , Latifatil Umama Taskiya
Published: April 2021

The marketing strategy phenomenon improves significantly, narrowing from a general to a specific cultural ethnicity base and from variable to dimension analysis. This study examines the impact of culture, brand image and price on buying decisions. The study population comprised retail consumers in the sampled area of Situbondo, East Java, Indonesia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to derive a sample of 112 respondents as a primary data source – descriptive statistics allows for the demographic characteristics of retail consumers in East Java, Indonesia. Surprisingly, the data showed that gender involvement in buyer decision-making was dominant. Most retail customers were identified as private-sector employees and indicated for higher income earners. Responses were then analyzed using multiple linear regressions to answer the research hypotheses. The results showed that Hofstede’s culture dimension and the brand image and price significantly affected consumer buying decisions at retail stores in East Java, Indonesia. Regarding the strength of Islamic culture in East Java, price was the primary consideration in buying decisions. Further research, preferably using ethnographic approaches with an emphasis on qualitative research, is needed to investigate the implications of these relationships.
AcknowledgmentWe would like to thank the Research Centre (LP2M) of University of Jember, East Java, Indonesia, for their support and funding. We also want to thank Rusdiyanto, a Ph.D. student from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, for his helpful discussions and contributions.
Application and integration of principles and uses of international trade in regulatory systems
Authors: Liakopoulos Dimitris
Published: April 2021

The present work is concentrated on thoughts and perspectives of unwritten soft law codification models in international trade system, following an especially comparative and critical analysis with the hard law systems and regulatory integration in private, European and international economic law.
El jurista como agente de cambio para las democracias: una mirada desde el paradigma de la complejidad
Authors: Gómez Francisco Taeli Raquel
Published: April 2021

Este artículo se propone reafirmar la relevancia de un jurista como agente de cambio. Esto, si otorga fundamentos científico-jurídico para una participación social, de sujetos no visibles y que han sido silenciados por una ideología liberal. Desde el punto de vista epistemológico, se reivindican los aportes del paradigma de la complejidad; desde los cuales emergen sujetos con derecho político que dan respuesta al dinamismo propio de las nuevas necesidades.
Factores de riesgo asociados al ingreso a unidad de cuidados intensivos en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados por dengue en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Rojas Hernández Juan Pablo , Bula Sindy Paola , Cárdenas Hernández Vicky , Pacheco López Robinson , Álzate Sánchez Rodrigo Alberto
Published: April 2021

Introducción: El dengue es la arbovirosis de propagación más rápida en todo el mundo; anualmente 390 millones de personas son infectadas. Objetivo: Identificar las manifestaciones clínicas y características demográficas asociadas a ingreso a unidad de cuidados intensivos en una institución pediátrica de Cali, Colombia, entre enero 2015 y diciembre 2016. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte. Caso: paciente mayor de 28 días y menor de 18 años, hospitalizado en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos con diagnóstico confirmado de dengue con signos de alarma o dengue grave, sumado a serología positiva para IgM y/o NS1. Control: paciente de igual edad y diagnóstico confirmado de dengue, sin ingreso a la unidad de cuidas intensivos.Resultados: Se evaluaron 24 casos y 176 controles, la mediana de edad en meses fue 142 vs.106 (RIC: 59-142). El 83 % procedía del área de urbana de Cali y 53 % era de sexo masculino. Presentar derrame pleural OR 3,4 (IC 1,2-9,8) y alteraciones cardiovasculares OR 4,7 (IC 1,7-13,1), incrementaron la probabilidad de ingreso a unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos. Tres pacientes fallecieron, todos pertenecían al grupo de casos. Conclusiones: El dengue en población pediátrica tiene un comportamiento clínico in específico; sin embargo, identificar derrame pleural o alteraciones cardiovasculares pueden explicar un ingreso a unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos y alertar sobre un posible desenlace fatal.
Pioderma gangrenoso paraneoplásico en una paciente con recaída de leucemia mieloide aguda
Authors: Santa-Vélez Catalina , Parga Maria Isabel , Ruiz Maria Carolina , Martínez Wilber , Pérez Madrid Camila , Galeano-Piedrahita Estefanía
Published: April 2021

El pioderma gangrenoso ampolloso fue descrito por primera vez en 1972. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con pioderma gangrenoso asociado a una recaída de leucemia mieloide aguda y se hace una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema.
Síndrome de Guillain-Barré posterior a vacunación en lactante menor
Authors: Cepeda-Bareño Daniel Felipe , Delgado-Serrano Josue
Published: April 2021

El síndrome de Guillain-Barré es un trastorno autoinmune que se presenta como polineuropatía paralítica flácida rápidamente progresiva y puede ser fatal. Su diagnóstico es clínico y se apoya en la electromiografía. En la mayoría de los casos está precedido por un proceso infeccioso respiratorio o gastrointestinal, pero existen casos excepcionales en los que aparece posterior a vacunación, particularmente contra influenza. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el caso de un lactante menor diagnosticado con síndrome de Guillain-Barré posterior a la aplicación de vacunas de los seis meses de edad. Es importante para el clínico considerar esta asociación al momento de definir diagnósticos diferenciales, dejando claro que el beneficio de la vacunación siempre superará los riesgos.
Serotipos vacunales y no vacunales de Streptococcus pneumoniae en niños de Latinoamérica: revisión del último reporte SIREVA II
Authors: Sosa Delgado Nallely , Martinez Rojas Dianny , Lugo Judith
Published: April 2021

Las infecciones por Streptococcus pneumoniae se encuentran dentro de las principales causas de muerte por enfermedades inmunoprevenibles en los niños menores de cinco años. Actualmente, existen vacunas con jugadas contra diversos serotipos de S. pneumoniae, por lo que su introducción ha sido una buena estrategia para la inmunización de la población en riesgo, además de contribuir indirectamente con la disminución de la resistencia antimicrobiana. Se realizó una revisión del último reporte disponible de los serotipos de S. pneumoniae circulantes en niños menores de cinco años residentes en Latinoamérica. Los serotipos vacunales 19A, 3, 14, 1 y no vacunal 12F, fueron los más frecuentes. En  Latinoamérica la implementación de la vacuna PCV13 sigue siendo una excelente opción; sin embargo, con la introducción de las vacunas conjugadas se ha visto el fenómeno de enfermedad de reemplazo evidenciado con la circulación de diversidad de serotipos no vacunales. Es necesario realizar regularmente estudios epidemiológicos en los países latinoamericanos a fin de monitorear las estrategias de vacunación y el efecto de las vacunas conjugadas en la región.