bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pesticide peak concentration reduction in a small vegetated treatment system controlled by chemograph shape
Authors: Greiwe Jan , Olsson Oliver , Kümmerer Klaus , Lange Jens
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Pesticides may impact aquatic organisms when entering water bodies. Measures for mitigation against pesticide inputs include vegetated treatment systems (VTS). Some of these systems have very short hydraulic retention time (
Projection of irrigation water demand based on the simulation of synthetic crop coefficients and climate change
Authors: Le Page Michel , Fakir Younes , Jarlan Lionel , Boone Aaron , Berjamy Brahim , Khabba Saïd , Zribi Mehrez
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In a context of major changes (climate, demography, economy, etc.), the Southern Mediterranean area faces serious challenges with intrinsically low, irregular and continuously decreasing water resources. In some regions, the proper dynamic of irrigated areas is very important so that it is needed to include it in future scenarios. A method for estimating the future evolution of irrigation water requirements is proposed and tested in the Tensift watershed, Morocco. Monthly synthetic crop coefficients (Kc) of the different irrigated areas were obtained from a time series of remote sensing observations. An empirical model using the synthetic Kc and rainfall was developed and fitted to the actual data. The model appears to be reliable with an average r2 of 0.69 for the observation period (2000–2016). The sub sampling tests suggested that a loss of performance (r2 = 0.45) is to be expected for two time periods after the observations (2050). This flexible system of equations has been used to reinterpret a local water management plan and to incorporate two downscaled climate change scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The examination of irrigation water requirements until 2050 revealed that the difference between the two climate scenarios was very small (
Do stream water solute concentrations reflect when connectivity occurs in a small, pre-Alpine headwater catchment?
Authors: Kiewiet Leonie , van Meerveld Ilja , Stähli Manfred , Seibert Jan
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Expansion of the hydrologically connected area during rainfall
events causes previously disconnected areas to contribute to streamflow. If
these newly contributing areas have a different hydrochemical composition
compared to the previously connected contributing areas, this may cause a change in
stream water chemistry that cannot be explained by simple mixing of rainfall
and baseflow. Changes in stormflow composition are, therefore, sometimes
used to identify when transiently connected areas (or water sources)
contribute to stormflow. We identified the dominant sources of streamflow
for a steep 20 ha pre-Alpine headwater catchment in Switzerland and
investigated the temporal changes in connectivity for four rainfall events
based on stream water concentrations and groundwater level data. First, we
compared the isotopic and chemical composition of stormflow at the catchment
outlet to the composition of rainfall, groundwater and soil water.
Three-component end-member mixing analyses indicated that groundwater
dominated stormflow during all events, and that soil water fractions were
minimal for three of the four events. However, the large variability in soil
and groundwater composition compared to the temporal changes in stormflow
composition inhibited the determination of the contributions from the
different groundwater sources. Second, we estimated the concentrations of
different solutes in stormflow based on the mixing fractions derived from
two-component hydrograph separation using a conservative tracer
(δ2H) and the measured concentrations of the solutes in baseflow and
rainfall. The estimated concentrations differed from the measured stormflow
concentrations for many solutes and samples. The deviations increased
gradually with increasing streamflow for some solutes (e.g. iron and copper),
suggesting increased contributions from riparian and hillslope groundwater
with higher concentrations of these solutes and thus increased hydrological
connectivity. The findings of this study show that solute concentrations
partly reflect the gradual changes in hydrologic connectivity, and that it is
important to quantify the variability in the composition of different source
areas.
Improving the accuracy of model-based quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Matviychuk Yevgen , Steimers Ellen , von Harbou Erik , Holland Daniel J.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Low spectral resolution and extensive peak overlap are the common challenges that preclude quantitative analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data with the established peak integration method. While numerous model-based approaches overcome these obstacles and enable quantification, they intrinsically rely on rigid assumptions about functional forms for peaks, which are often insufficient to account for all unforeseen imperfections in experimental data. Indeed, even in spectra with well-separated peaks whose integration is possible, model-based methods often achieve suboptimal results, which in turn raises the question of their validity for more challenging datasets. We address this problem with a simple model adjustment procedure, which draws its inspiration directly from the peak integration approach that is almost invariant to lineshape deviations. Specifically, we assume that the number of mixture components along with their ideal spectral responses are known; we then aim to recover all useful signals left in the residual after model fitting and use it to adjust the intensity estimates of modelled peaks. We propose an alternative objective function, which we found particularly effective for correcting imperfect phasing of the data – a critical step in the processing pipeline. Application of our method to the analysis of experimental data shows the accuracy improvement of 20 %–40 % compared to the simple least-squares model fitting.
Spatiotemporal changes of heat waves and extreme temperatures in the main cities of China from 1955 to 2014
Authors: Li Kuo , Amatus Gyilbag
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In the past decades, severe heat waves have frequently occurred in many parts of the world. These conspicuous heat waves exerted terrible influences on human health, society, the economy, agriculture, the ecosystem and so
on. Based on observed daily temperatures in China, an integrated index of
heat waves and extreme-temperature days was established involving the
frequency, duration, intensity and scale of these events across large
cities in China. Heat waves and extreme-temperature days showed an increasing
trend in most regions except northwest China from 1955 to 2014. After the late 1980s, the increasing trend was more obvious than the decades before. The cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were threatened by the most serious heat events in the past 60 years, especially Chongqing and Changsha. Due to the subtropical monsoon climate and special terrain, Chongqing experienced the most heat events in a long period of time. In
particular, there was obvious fluctuation of hot years in 31 cities, which
did not continuously rise with global warming; 21 cities mainly
located in the eastern and southern regions of China had an obvious rising
trend; eight cities had a clear declining trend which was mainly distributed in the
western and northern regions of China; and there were no extreme-temperature days in Kunming and Lhasa in the past 60 years. The study revealed an obvious differentiation of heat events for 31 cities under climate change; heat threat in most cities is increasing but declining or remaining unchanged in the other cities. The trend is likely to intensify with global warming.
Spring melt pond fraction in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago predicted from RADARSAT-2
Authors: Howell Stephen Edward Lee , Scharien Randall Kenneth , Landy Jack , Brady Mike
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Melt ponds form on the surface of Arctic sea ice during spring, influencing how much solar radiation is absorbed into the sea ice-ocean system, which in turn impacts the ablation of sea ice during the melt season. Accordingly, melt pond fraction (fp) has been shown to be a useful predictor of sea ice area during the summer months. Sea ice dynamic and thermodynamic processes operating within the narrow channels and inlets of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) during the summer months are difficult for model simulations to accurately resolve. Additional information on fp variability in advance of the melt season within the CAA could help constrain model simulations and/or provide useful information in advance of the shipping season. Here, we use RADARSAT-2 imagery to predict and analyze peak spring fp and evaluate its utility to provide predictive information with respect to sea ice area during the melt season within the CAA from 2009–2018. The temporal variability of RADARSAT-2 fp over the 10-year record was found to be strongly linked to the variability of mean April multi-year ice area and the spatial distribution of RADARSAT-2 fp was found to be in excellent agreement with the sea ice stage of development prior to the melt season. RADARSAT-2 fp values were in good agreement with the peak fp observed from in situ observations but were found to be ∼0.05 larger compared to peak MODIS fp observations. Statistically significant detrended correlations between RADARSAT-2 fp and summer sea ice area were found for several regions within the CAA. Our results show that RADARSAT-2 fp can be used to provide predictive information about summer sea ice area for a key shipping region of the Northwest Passage.
Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension related to azathioprine therapy in a patient with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Seo Jong Won , Kim Eun Soo , Han Man-Hoon , Kweon Young Oh
Published: July 2020

Azathioprine is widely used for the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD). Few cases from Western countries have reported idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH) related to thiopurine therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Idiopathic NCPH is a rare hepatic condition with intrahepatic portal hypertension but no evidence of cirrhosis or chronic liver disease. Patients with idiopathic NCPH present with symptoms of portal hypertension such as thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly and esophageal varices. We report a case of idiopathic NCPH in a 51-year-old male patient with CD who had been taking azathioprine for 5 years. He was admitted due to esophageal variceal bleeding along with splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia. Evaluation of cirrhosis or chronic liver disease showed normal-range results as estimated by FibroScan evaluation, laboratory examination for autoimmune hepatitis or viral hepatitis, and liver biopsy. This case may suggest the need for careful monitoring for manifestations of portal hypertension in Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving thiopurine treatment.
Importance of Ethical Aspects for Decision-Making
Authors: Dytrt Zdenek , Serek Radomir
Published: July 2020

The management theory did not develop equally with the changes in technologies. The consequence of this shortcoming is a prevalence of quantitative management which puts an emphasis on the quantitative values. This represents a risk for the sustainable growth. Therefore, the managerial ethics, which biases qualitative values and attitudes, is important for the managers' decision-making. The effective decision-making process is further based not only on the manager's experience, which may lead to a certain routine, but also on the cooperation among the other departments and educational institutions. Furthermore, the successful innovations, which are often an outcome of the systemic and complex decision-making, require to follow certain rules during their implementation. A person may become an initiator, leader, subject or a consumer of the innovation and should be adequately prepared for all these roles. Despite the abrupt development in the technical areas there is not such progress in the humanities. Education is still more focused on the content and form (thus quantity) rather than on the applications and relations (quality).
More Than a Suspect: An Investigation into the Connection Between Data Breaches, Identity Theft, and Data Breach Notification Laws
Authors: Bisogni Fabio , Asghari Hadi
Published: July 2020

This article investigates the relationship between data breaches and identity theft, including the impact of Data Breach Notification Laws (DBNL) on these incidents (using empirical data and Bayesian modeling). We collected incident data on breaches and identity thefts over a 13-year timespan (2005–2017) in the United States. Our analysis shows that the correlation is driven by the size of a state. Enacting a DBNL still slightly reduces rates of identity theft; while publishing breaches notifications by Attorney Generals helps the broader security community learning about them. We conclude with an in-depth discussion on what the European Union can learn from the US experience.
The Brazilian surface freshwater framework in union-dominated rivers: challenges and prospects for water quality management
Authors: Souza Vagner Alexandre Aparecido de , Pizella Denise Gallo
Published: July 2020

The framing of surface water bodies is an instrument present in the National Water Resources Policy that aims to outline the goal of water quality to be maintained or achieved by water bodies, according to their predominant and intended uses by society. In view of the importance of the framework for water quality planning and the difficulties and possibilities for its implementation reported in the literature, this study aimed to identify them in the hydrographic basins of rivers in the Union’s domain. In this sense, it was analyzed, in the most recent Plans of the nine basins with established committees, the aspects related to the framework; and, in order to diagnose the perspectives of the management bodies on the subject, electronic questionnaires were applied to the committees of the analyzed basins and to the National Water Agency. As a result, there was a lack of framing in accordance with current regulation, namely CONAMA Resolution no. 357/05, in all situations. The main problems identified for this were: lack of fluviometric data, distribution of water quality monitoring points in the basins in such a way as to make analysis difficult, diversity of legislation applicable to the framework in the States in which they are located, water pollution, and lack of articulation institutional relationship between water management bodies, States and municipalities. On the other hand, some potentialities for achieving the framework were verified, such as the implementation of the grant for the use of water resources in all situations, the existence of charges for the use of water resources in five of the nine basins in question, and a greater interaction between the water resources management bodies, States and municipalities in two of the analyzed basins.
Políticas de selección y contratación de personal en la alcaldía municipal de Puerto Cabezas
Authors: Yuperel Brusela Richard  , Pasta Balderramos Raydamilia , Hernández Watson Marcos  Antonio 
Published: July 2020

En esta investigación se han analizado las políticas de selección y contratación de personal de la alcaldía municipal de Puerto Cabezas, en cuanto la selección del personal conlleva al éxito de la empresa mediante la formación de recursos humanos que sean capaces de cumplir con las tareas asignadas. La metodología fue de tipo cualitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal; en el cual se aplicó entrevistas a personas claves y a los trabajadores de la alcaldía municipal.Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los principales factores que inciden en las políticas de selección y contratación del personal son: amistades, lineamiento o influencia político (aval político), experiencia laboral en algunas áreas, record de policía y el nivel académico. Asimismo, en la alcaldía municipal existe política de selección y contratación de personal, pero que no lo implementa de conformidad a lo establecido en la ley de contratación pública.
Promoção de iniciativas de arquivamento da web: um estudo a partir da rede de públicos estratégicos da UFRGS
Authors: Martins Marina Rodrigues , Rockembach Moises
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Descreve o fenômeno conhecido por arquivamento da web e o microambiente relacional de iniciativas implantadas pela Universidade de Columbia e pela Universidade de Harvard. Como problema central questiona como se configura a potencial rede de públicos estratégicos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, visando a promover iniciativas de arquivamento da web no âmbito acadêmico, tendo em conta o ambiente relacional projetado a partir dos Órgãos da Administração Superior da Universidade e seu Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação. Método: É uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva desenvolvida por meio de pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e análise de conteúdo. O entendimento sobre públicos ocorreu a partir dos enfoques da conceituação lógica, do poder e da comunicação. Resultados: O estudo concluiu que os atores organizacionais exercem influência em diferentes níveis dentro das estruturas institucionais, cada um conforme suas responsabilidades, e que o sistema comunicacional denota papel importante para a efetividade das iniciativas. Alguns públicos mapeados agem na criação de coleções, como também podem vir a ser potenciais usuários dos arquivos web formados. Essas coleções são concebidas por várias organizações coletoras, não apenas as entidades macropromotoras das iniciativas. Quanto maior a quantidade de coleções arquivadas, maior a rede de públicos envolvidos na promoção da tecnologia. Conclusão: O escopo de coleta das iniciativas varia conforme os interesses de cada organização coletora, apresentando coleções com diferentes classificações: institucional, regional, nacional, internacional, por fato e evento. Elas preservam tanto a história organizacional de suas entidades, como também promovem o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão de suas comunidades.
Gestão da Informação como ferramenta no acompanhamento do estágio não obrigatório: análise do contexto do curso de Pedagogia presencial de uma Universidade Federal
Authors: Rocha Teresinha Pereira da , Barbosa Neto Pedro Alves
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O estágio supervisionado não obrigatório é uma atividade que faz parte da formação profissional de muitos alunos de graduação e requer o acompanhamento por parte dos professores orientadores da instituição de ensino. Essa atividade produz informações tanto no âmbito interno como no âmbito externo à universidade, que são importantes para subsidiar as decisões da coordenação do curso quanto à formação acadêmica dos estudantes da graduação. A partir da questão: como a Gestão da Informação pode contribuir com o acompanhamento do estágio não obrigatório? Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a Gestão da Informação como ferramenta para o aproveitamento das informações no processo de acompanhamento do estágio não obrigatório. Para isso, os objetivos específicos definidos foram: evidenciar a importância das informações no acompanhamento do estágio não obrigatório e identificar aspectos da Gestão da Informação pertinentes ao acompanhamento do estágio não obrigatório. Metodologia: Trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, caracterizada como exploratória e descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, relacionada à coordenação de curso de Pedagogia de uma universidade pública federal. Conclusões: Constatou-se que a Gestão da Informação, por meio da estruturação de um fluxo de informações, serviria como ferramenta propícia para troca de informações entre a universidade e o campo de trabalho, incrementando o acervo informacional referente ao estágio não obrigatório, cuja temática permeia decisões administrativas e pedagógicas do curso.
Redes de conhecimento na comunicação científica em âmbito formal: panorama via Biblioteca Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (2008-2018)
Authors: Stueber Ketlen , Teixeira Maria Do Rocio Fontoura
Published: July 2020

Apresenta o estado da arte de pesquisas de pós-graduação sobre redes de conhecimento na produção da comunicação científica, nos últimos dez anos (2008-2018). Pesquisa qualitativa, utiliza como instrumento de coleta de dados a busca simples pelo termo “redes de conhecimento” na Biblioteca Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BBTD) do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT). O critério norteador para filtrar a busca foi selecionar pesquisas sobre redes de conhecimento estabelecidas a partir do conhecimento produzido por instituições e grupos de pesquisas, disponibilizado em periódicos científicos, diretórios, anais de eventos, livros e outras publicações produzidas entre pares. A investigação dos estudos encontrados efetivou-se a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica. Foram encontrados sete estudos, sendo quatro dissertações e três teses. Conclui-se que as pesquisas abordam a produção do conhecimento científico em diferentes objetos, seja na esfera de concepção com base em grupos de estudo e linhas de pesquisa, seja na esfera da documentação com o estudo sobre artigos, bases de dados e periódicos científicos ou em ambos através dos diretórios de pesquisa.    Palavras-chave: Redes de conhecimento; Produção do conhecimento científico; Instituições de pesquisa.
EFEITOS DA ENZIMA Β-MANANASE SOBRE A MORFOMETRIA INTESTINAL E O DESEMPENHO DE PERUS NA FASE INICIAL
Authors: Sens Rafael Fernando , Almeida Leopoldo Malcorra de , Bassi Lucas Schmidt , Panisson Josiane Carla , Maiorka Alex , Oliveira Simone Gisele de
Published: July 2020

Em muitos ingredientes utilizados na alimentação de perus, estão presentes compostos conhecidos como β-mananos, polissacarídeos não amiláceos que comprometem o aproveitamento dos nutrientes da dieta. O objetivo do presente experimento foi o de avaliar os efeitos da enzima β-mananase em dietas para peruas sobre a altura de vilos e a profundidade das criptas, aos 7 dias, e o desempenho zootécnico, aos 7, 14 e 21 dias de idade. Foram utilizadas 432 aves, distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso composto por 3 tratamentos: T1 – dieta basal; T2: dieta basal com redução de 150 kcal/kg e; T3: dieta basal com redução de 150 kcal/kg + adição da enzima β-mananase. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e, no caso de diferenças significativas, comparadas estatisticamente pelo teste de Duncan (5%). A adição da enzima β-mananase permite reduzir os níveis de energia da dieta sem que sejam afetadas a altura de vilos e profundidade de criptas, aos 7 dias de idade, bem como o desempenho zootécnico das aves, aos 21 dias.
DESEMPENHO DE PERUS FÊMEAS DE 29 A 126 DIAS DE IDADE, ALIMENTADOS COM RAÇÕES CONTENDO REDUÇÃO ENERGÉTICA E XILANASE
Authors: Sens Rafael Fernando , Almeida Leopoldo Malcorra de , Da Silva Kariny Fonseca , Dos Santos Marley Conceição , Panisson Josiane Carla , Senger Geovani Costa , Maiorka Alex
Published: July 2020

O trigo no Brasil ainda é um ingrediente pouco utilizado em rações devido ao seu alto custo de produção. Na parede de cereais como o trigo, há a presença de polissacarídeos não amiláceos (PNAs), e esses compostos influenciam negativamente o aproveitamento da energia, aumentando a retenção de água no intestino e, como conseqüência, há o aumento da viscosidade do conteúdo intestinal. A enzima xilanase atua rompendo as paredes celulares dos PNAs, aumentando a digestibilidade dos nutrientes. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da enzima xilanase sobre o desempenho de perus de corte dos 28 aos 126 dias. Foram utilizadas 360 peruas da linhagem BUT9, alojadas em baias móveis. As aves foram divididas em três tratamentos de 8 repetições, cada uma com 15 aves, por meio de um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. As aves e as sobras de ração foram pesadas aos 56, 84, 112 e 126 dias e os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a adição da enzima xilanase em dietas de perus formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja não promovem melhorias sobre o desempenho das aves (P>0,05). Entretanto, quando o trigo é adicionado à dieta, a ação da enzima promove uma diminuição no consumo de ração e uma melhora na conversão alimentar das aves (P<0,05). Porém, utilizando um nível maior de energia nas dietas, o consumo de ração é melhorado significativamente (P<0,05), refletindo esse resultado sobre a conversão alimentar. A adição da enzima xilanase e o incremento de energia não resultaram em diferenças significativas de ganho de peso (P>0,05).
Das relações entre os condicionantes macroeconômicos e a conjuntura política: Trade-offs do Estado Rentista e da economia da defesa na Arábia Saudita
Authors: Nunes André , Delgado Fernanda , Medeiros Sabrina Evangelista
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar características do modelo econômico e geoestratégico do Reino da Arábia Saudita a partir do posicionamento do país diante do seu entorno regional no Oriente Médio, por condicionantes típicos de Estado Rentista e em matéria de economia da defesa.  Por meio do estudo de caso e de metodologia exploratório-descritiva, observou-se o modelo econômico em curso que sustenta a sua robustez estratégica. A fim de demonstrar isso, o artigo apresenta primeiramente de que forma o caso saudita é relevante em termos geoestratégicos para a região e, em seguida, sobre a égide de um modelo de Estado Rentista cujas receitas nacionais advém em grande parte da exportação de hidrocarbonetos. Em seguida, apresenta-se a caracterização do sistema de compras militares do Reino, as suas capacidades e o seu modelo de Forças Armadas e investimento em sua indústria de defesa, incluindo a aquisição de plataformas e armamentos produzidos no exterior. A partir desse levantamento, pretende-se contribuir com os estudos sobre os modelos econômicos em matéria de defesa e suas eventuais repercussões para a política internacional, lançando luz o sobre um ator central para o Oriente Médio e para a estabilidade internacional do regime de segurança energética. Palavras-Chave: Arábia Saudita; Defesa; Petróleo; Forças Armadas.
Editorial v.9, n.1, 2020
Authors: Novelli Douglas Henrique , Pereira Alexsandro Eugenio
Published: July 2020

Editorial v.9, n.1, 2020
Moeda, títulos e financiamento do Tesouro no Brasil: um exemplo numérico
Authors: Barbosa Filho Nelson Henrique
Published: July 2020

Este artigo apresenta um exemplo teórico e numérico do financiamento direto e indireto de déficit publico pelo Banco Central na economia brasileira, incluindo seus efeitos nas reservas compulsórias dos bancos. O principal resultado é que, dada a demanda por liquidez à taxa de juro definida pelo Banco Central, financiamento direto ou indireto da dívida pública têm o mesmo efeito. Somente com taxa básica de juro zero as duas alternativas diferem.
Acordam e sonham uma aproximação polifônica ao romantismo freiriano
Authors: Lownds Peter
Published: July 2020

A biografia de Paulo Freire serve como uma bússola à sua práxis pedagógica. No presente estudo, excertos dos seus textos e das suas entrevistas constituem um conjunto de textos que são submetidos à análise para daí se deduzir momentos que foram chave na vida dele. Também deduz, neste trabalho, que o filósofo e educador pernambucano pertence à linha nobre dos românticos e que os seus antecessores ideológicos incluem Jean-Jacques Rousseau e William Morris. O modo como Freire trata as questões humanas o colocam diametralmente na posição antagônica a qualquer tipo de conservadorismo ou neoconservadorismo.
La réception de Paulo Freire face au néoconservatisme en France
Authors: Pereira Irène
Published: July 2020

Muito conhecido na França nos anos 70 do século XX, Paulo Freire ficou praticamente esquecido, a não ser por referências vagas e slogans na educação popular, tendo se  iniciado a recuperação de seu pensamento em solo francês a partir de 2015. Este resgate se deveu às dificuldades enfrentadas pelos militantes e pelos pensadores de esquerda diante do neoliberalismo e do neoconservadorismo e às quais o legado freiriano oferece respostas adequadas e oportunas. Assim os defensores de políticas emancipadoras encontram apoio e se sentem melhor instrumentalizados pelas ideias de Paulo Freire para enfrentar, com eficiência e eficácia revolucionária, às ameaças “bancárias” do projeto político-pedagógico neoliberal e conservador.
Amizade intercultural de estudantes no contexto escolar brasileiro de fronteira seca Brasil-Paraguai
Authors: Santana Maria Luzia da Silva , Fukuda Cláudia Cristina
Published: July 2020

A amizade entre estudantes de culturas diferentes sugere a adoção da integração como estratégia de aculturação e, possivelmente, afeta a identificação do estudante estrangeiro com o país acolhedor. A partir desse pressuposto, esta pesquisa descreve as relações de amizade de estudantes brasileiros e paraguaios em uma turma de uma escola pública brasileira da fronteira seca da cidade de Ponta Porã, no Brasil, com Pedro Juan Caballero, no Paraguai. Participaram da pesquisa 32 estudantes do 7º ano, que responderam a um Questionário de Dados Sociodemográficos, um Questionário de Amizade Intercultural na Escola e um Teste Sociométrico. Quanto à aproximação por amizade, observou-se a existência de subgrupos na sala de aula, escolhas mútuas para realizar tarefas conjuntamente, e também estudantes que não foram escolhidos. Embora a minoria dos estudantes falasse espanhol e guarani com seus amigos na escola, havia amizade entre estudantes de ascendência paraguaia, paraguaios e brasileiros, com escolhas mútuas entre eles.
The Role of the Border Guard in Ensuring National Security
Authors: Surina Iryna
Published: July 2020

Background: Border protection is an extremely important area in ensuring the national security of each country. Objectives: The purpose of this article is to show the role of the Polish Border Guard in the area of Poland’s national security. The Border Guard in Poland is responsible for ensuring state security and responding to emerging threats using available methods and tools. Methods: To identify the role of the Border Guard in maintaining state security, an analysis of the literature on the subject was made. Results: The role of the Border Guard in ensuring state security is extremely important. Conclusions: Today, security issues have become very important both from the point of view of the individual and the country.
The Concept of Information Metabolism by Antoni Kępiński and the Mechanism of Information Manipulation. Conditions for Effectiveness and Ways of Counteraction
Authors: Aleksandrowicz Tomasz
Published: July 2020

In the modern security environment, information warfare is an increasingly important threat. The purpose of this article is to determine the conditions for the effective achievement of political objectives through the manipulation of information and disinformation. The conducted research used system analysis, also using case studies, generalizations and synthesis. This allowed to state that the key condition for the effectiveness of conducted information attacks is the mechanism described in the works of Antoni Kępiński as information metabolism. This makes it possible to formulate a postulate on the need to counteract such attacks based on building defensive and offensive capabilities of the state in the sphere of information warfare.
Variables modulating the sense of safety in nurses and midwives facing epidemiological endangerment of COVID-19
Authors: Kotowska Agnieszka , Gawlik Marta
Published: July 2020

Background: Nurses and midwives are currently facing new challenges at work related to the epidemiological situation caused by the occurrence of a new SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. An immediate concern during the pandemic is a complete shortage of publications or research concerning safety procedures for the medical staff.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to examine the factors affecting work safety for nursing and midwifery teams, to raise awareness about those risks, and gain the knowledge to minimize occupational risk in the pandemic era.
Material and methods: The research group consisted of 550 professionally active nurses and midwives who were interviewed with the use of surveys. The author’s survey questionnaire contained 33 questions, including 13 open and 20 closed ones.
Results: The medical staff usually felt safe at work 73.8% of the time (406); however, 7.5% (41) of the respondents always declared that positive feeling. The sense of safety at work in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic decreased to 82.5% (454). Occupational and epidemiological training was attended by 73.45% (404) of the staff. However, only 57.6% (317) of them were instructed on how to proceed with a patient suspected of having a COVID-19 infection, while 42.40% (233) were not. The respondents who did not take part in the training felt less secure more frequently (p<0.05) than the trained ones. The respondents who were provided with increased accessibility to the personal protective equipment (PPE), rarely experienced a decrease in their sense of safety at work.
Conclusions: The sense of safety at work among medical staff undoubtedly depends on regular training on health and safety measures during epidemiological crises. Participation in training sessions about the procedures connected with COVID-19 endangerment significantly increases the sense of safety at work. Guaranteeing the accessibility of PPE daily also substantially influences the feeling of security among the active medical staff who face increased danger from COVID-19 transmission.
State Fire Service in the National Emergency and Fire System
Authors: Piwowarski Juliusz , Piwowarska Barbara , Piwowarski Jacek A.
Published: July 2020

Within the framework of the Polish National Emergency and Fire System (NEFS), tasks are realized in the areas of rescuing life, health and property of the citizens, as well as environmental protection. The purpose of this article is to depict the rules of the functioning of this system, with a special emphasis on State Fire Service, which plays a significant role in NEFS, among others as an organizer thereof. First, the origin and tasks of NEFS are presented, and the areas of Polish public security are indicated of which particular bodies associated in NEFS take care; the organization and tasks of State Fire Service are also outlined. Then, the place of NEFS and State Fire Service in crisis management is indicated. The presentation of the above issues allows the author to conclude that State Fire Service plays a leading role in multiple rescue operations and is a vital component of the system of internal security, e.g. as a pillar of NEFS.
Ensuring the Security of Participants in Mass Sports Events by Monitoring Their Behaviour and Identifying Them on the Basis of Photographic and Video Material
Authors: Pogoda Michał , Wąs-Gubała Jolanta
Published: July 2020

Ensuring the security of participants in mass sports events is an undertaking that requires many coordinated actions to be taken not only by the organizer of the event, but also by public administration institutions. Currently, an increasing number of locations has video surveillance, which is mandatory for sports stadiums in accordance with sports regulations. Cameras are supposed to not only deter those who could potentially violate the law, but also to provide evidence as to the circumstances and perpetrators of such violations. The aim of this publication is to show how the image recorded by CCTV is turned into evidence, which is then used in court proceedings. The authors addressed the above mentioned issues using examples related to the security of those who participate in sports events. They focused on discussing themes related to recognition, identification and biometrics, i.e. the determination of somebody’s identity on the basis of their unique features, such as appearance, physical characteristic and behaviour. On the basis of procedures developed by the Provincial Police Headquarters in Katowice, it was emphasized how important it is for participants in sports events to be observed not from the moment when the game begins, but rather from the moment they enter a sports facility, or even on their way to such a facility, when they do not try to hide their identity.
Excessive dietary lead reduces growth performance and increases lead accumulation in pigs
Authors: Choi Hyunjun , Ji Sang Yun , Jo Hyunwoong , Song Minho , Kim Beob Gyun
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of dietary lead (Pb) supplementation and feeding period on growth performance, organ weight, and Pb accumulation in pigs.Methods: In a 56-day feeding experiment, a total of 48 barrows with initial body weight 10.4±0.6 kg were allotted to 2 dietary treatments (0 and 200 mg/kg of supplemental Pb) in a completely randomized design with 6 replicates. Body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate growth performance. At the end of each 14 day-period (on days 14, 28, 42, and 56), an animal was randomly selected from each pen and slaughtered to collect blood samples, hair samples, left 5th rib, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs, and longissimus dorsi muscle samples.Results: Average daily gain and average daily feed intake were reduced (p<0.05) by supplemental Pb during the day 42 to 56. Relative kidney weight to body weight was linearly increased with increasing feeding period in pigs fed the Pb-supplemented diet, but not in pigs fed the control diet (p<0.05). The Pb concentrations in hair, left 5th rib, kidneys, and lungs were linearly increased with longer feeding period in pigs fed the Pb-supplemented diet, but not in pigs fed the control diet (p<0.01).Conclusion: Dietary Pb supplementation caused growth retardation and Pb accumulation in most organs, particularly in hair, bone, and kidneys in a time-dependent manner.
Light Verb Constructions in Lithuanian: Identification and Classification
Authors: Kovalevskaitė Jolanta , Rimkutė Erika , Vilkaitė-Lozdienė Laura
Published: July 2020

Light verb constructions (LVCs) are verb-noun constructions in which the noun carries the semantic meaning and the verb is semantically reduced, when compared with its main meaning, for example, atlikti analizę (‘to perform an analysis’). LVCs in Lithuanian have not been addressed much so far. The analysis of Lithuanian LVCs was carried out as a part of the PARSEME project on verbal identification of multiword expressions (MWE). This paper aims at presenting some initial findings on the identification of LVCs in Lithuanian, based on the 1st edition of the PARSEME shared-task results (2017). We describe the identification process according to the semantic and syntactic features of LVCs (PARSEME guidelines 1.0 2017) and discuss the grammatical features of the identified Lithuanian LVCs.

LVCs seem to be less frequent in Lithuanian than in other languages: they make up about 0.2% (215 instances) of the analysed 200,000 token corpus. Based on the number of different LVCs, there seem to be two groups of verbs functioning as light verbs: a relatively small group of common light verbs used in the most prototypical examples of Lithuanian LVCs (e.g., vykdyti ‘to perform’, atlikti ‘to perform’, daryti ‘to do’, and turėti ‘to have’) and a larger group of less common light verbs. Most of the nouns in analysed LVCs have suffixes -imas and -ymas, which are the most typical Lithuanian suffixes for deriving a noun from a verb. Almost 40% of all LVCs are used with 1–3 words intervening between a verb and a noun.
Strategies and Tactics of Communication in Parliamentary Discourse
Authors: Kondratenko Nataliia V. , Kiselova Anastisiia A. , Zavalska Liubov V.
Published: July 2020

The study contains an outline of the results of linguo-pragmatic analysis of the speech behavior of politicians who are participants of parliamentary discourse. The concept of parliamentary discourse is defined as one of the varieties of political discourse within the framework of institutional communication. The genre heterogeneity of political discourse is substantiated and the genre of debates, including pre-election and parliamentary debates, is defined. It is revealed that parliamentary debates mostly represent  the linguo-pragmatic specificities of parliamentary discourse. The materials for the analysis consisted of transcripts of meetings of the Parliament of Ukraine in 2004-2019. The main criterion of the typology was the peculiarities of the observed communicative interactions - co-operative and conflict ones. Regulatory, informational and consolidation communication strategies are identified within the framework of cooperative communication, within the framework of conflict interaction - declarative, confrontational and argumentative-critical ones.
Zeitenwende(n) des Films
Authors: Eckel Julia
Published: July 2020

Das Buch befasst sich mit einer Reihe aktueller Spielfilme, die sich durch einen kreativen und unkonventionellen Umgang mit der Zeitlichkeit und Chronologie ihrer Geschichten auszeichnen (z.B. 21 GRAMS, BABEL, INCEPTION, ETERNAL SUNSHINE OF THE SPOTLESS MIND, MEMENTO, 11:14, (500) DAYS OF SUMMER).
Explorationskino: Die Filme der Brüder Dardenne
Authors: Schütz Mariella
Published: July 2020

Die Belgier Luc und Jean-Pierre Dardenne zählen zu den wichtigsten Filmemachern Europas. Sie gehören zu den wenigen Filmemachern, die zweimal die goldene Palme in Cannes gewonnen haben. Ihre Wurzeln liegen im Dokumentarfilm. In den 1970er- und 1980er-Jahren drehten sie in und um ihre Heimatstadt Seraing bei Lüttich politisch engagierte Dokumentarfilme
Screen Nightmares
Authors: Ritzenhoff Karen A.
Published: July 2020

In diesem Buch wird Michael Hanekes Darstellung der Medien-Gewalt kontrastiert mit dem Werk anderer international anerkannter Filmemacher, die, so wie er, die Fernseh-Medien und das Video als zentrales, die Erzählung vorantreibendes Element, in ihren Filmen verwenden. Das verbindende Element dieser Film
Doing City
Authors: Roesler Silke
Published: July 2020

Die Autorin zeigt am Beispiel der Stadt New York, wie Raum medial vermittelt und generiert wird. Medien lassen eigene Stadtversionen, mediale Artefakte, immaterielle Konstrukte und Counterparts von Stadt entstehen. Diese neu hergestellten virtuellen Topographien werden zwar von der geographisch gebauten Stadt gestützt, die Anwesenheit «realer» Baukörper im Bild ist jedoch keine Grundbedingung der medialen Stadtgenerierung. Die Großstadt wird vielmehr verkürzt in Form von Chiffren inszeniert. Doch was geschieht, wenn ein Bauwerk, das bisher das Bild einer Stadt geprägt hat, verschwindet? Auch dieser Frage geht die Autorin im Kapitel «Ground Zero» nach.
«They Only See What They Want to See»
Authors: Leiendecker Bernd
Published: July 2020

Unzuverlässiges Erzählen im Spielfilm ist fast so alt ist wie das Kino selbst. Dieses Buch liefert eine filmhistorische Untersuchung des Phänomens erzählerischer Unzuverlässigkeit anhand von mehr als 200 relevanten Filmen aus der Zeit zwischen 1895 und 2000.
Fatih Akin
Authors: Klos Stefanie
Published: July 2020

Der Regisseur Fatih Akin ist auf nationalen und internationalen Filmfestspielen vielfach ausgezeichnet worden, er gilt als Aushängeschild des Deutschen Films. Dennoch wurde in vielen Veröffentlichungen der letzten Jahre häufig sein Migrationshintergrund hervorgehoben und dabei auch zum Ausgangspunkt von Filmanalysen gemacht. Stefanie Klos löst Fatih Akin aus diesem einseitigen Blickwinkel heraus und liefert eine analytische Gesamtschau seines bisherigen Schaffens als Filmemacher, die es vermag, alle ästhetischen und narrativen Elemente im Sinne eines transkulturellen Mix zu integrieren und als gleichwertig nebeneinander zu stellen.
Living History
Authors: Weiß Monika
Published: July 2020

Eine besondere Spielart von Doku-Soaps sind historische Rollenspiele im Fernsehen, die nicht konkrete Ereignisse nach-spielen (also keine Reenactments), sondern den konkreten Alltag vergangener Zeit nach-leben wollen. Menschen von heute agieren unter den Bedingungen einer vergangenen Epoche. Untersucht wurde, wie Living History den Erinnerungskulturen und damit den Gegenwarts-Gesellschaften als Erfahrungsraum dienen. Leitende Frage war: Welche Art der Erfahrbarmachung eröffnet sich über das angeleitete Spiel im historischen Setting?
Wer will ich sein?
Authors: Leisten Stefan
Published: July 2020

Der vorliegende Band begründet ein kompetenz- und lerngruppenorientiertes Modell, mit dem ethische Lernprozesse anhand fiktiver Jugendfiguren aus narrativen TV- und Videospielserien sowie Let’s Plays konzipiert und initiiert werden können. Dabei werden die Begebenheiten des Lernorts, die Heterogenität der Lerngruppe und die Eigenschaften des gewählten Medien-Produkts berücksichtigt. Das Modell liefert Hilfestellung bei der Serienrecherche und markiert die zentralen didaktische Entscheidungen, sodass sich auch serienunerfahrene Lehrpersonen an die Serienthematik herantrauen und dabei ihren eigenen didaktischen Stil beibehalten und weiterentwickeln können.
Der große Wahn
Authors: Bargatzky Thomas
Published: July 2020

In these days, we live in a new Cold War. On the side of Western elites, the disintegration and collapse of the Soviet Union was seen as representing the End of History and a permanent triumph of democratic values. American triumphalism, an expression of the idea of Manifest Destiny, believed that America was capable of reshaping the world in its image. According to this concept, the world was entering a New World Order in which international norms and transnational principles of human rights would prevail over the traditional prerogatives of sovereign governments. Promoting regime change was considered a legitimate act of foreign policy. In reality, all of this turned out to be illusionary. Instead of promoting peace, the attempt to usher in a New American Century resulted in international terrorism and endless wars in Afghanistan and the Near East. The eastward enlargement of NATO entails the risk of nuclear war. The New World Order turns out to be a big delusion, endangering the survival of humankind.
¿Qué pacto educativo necesitamos en España para cumplir con los indicadores del ET 2020?
Authors: Novella García Carlos
Published: July 2020

In 2010 the European Union launched the European educational program ET2020 with the aim of harmonizing a common educational policy among member countries. The purpose was to improve the educational situation and more effectively meet European economic and employability needs in the period 2010-2020. This article intends to know in more detail the aims of this program and analyze the progress and achievements made by Spain, one of the member countries of the European Union, in relation to its educational system. We will raise this relationship from the current urgent need to reach a stable social and political pact for education. For this analysis we use national and international reports such as CIS and EUROSTAT that allow us to know in detail and reliability the results of the application and development of the strategic objectives of the program from the agreed monitoring educational indicators. The data reflect an advance in some of them and even, above the expected, but in others Spain is far from achieving them at 2020 considering the absence of an educational pact as one of the reasons that contributes to this lack of achievement.
Sorting Out Definitions
Authors: Baldinger Erin E. , Campbell Matthew P. , Graif Foster
Published: July 2020

Students need opportunities to construct definitions in mathematics. We describe a sorting activity that can help students construct and refine definitions through discussion and argumentation. We include examples from our own work of planning and implementing this sorting activity to support constructing a definition of linear function.