bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENTIATED LEARNING IN A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Aulia Yunisa , Dahlan Dadang , Dahlan Hana Mardiati
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which students' learning outcomes have improved through the application of differentiated learning in a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in the Economics subject. The study employs a action research, consisting of two cycles, beginning with a pre-cycle. Each cycle includes the stages of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results of the research indicate an improvement in students' affective learning outcomes, with pre-cycle data showing 85% (good category), Cycle I showing 82% (good category), and Cycle II showing 88% (very good category). Psychomotor learning outcomes also showed an increase, starting from 78% in the pre-cycle (good category), rising to 82% in Cycle I (good category), and reaching 86% in Cycle II (very good category). Cognitive learning outcomes demonstrated significant improvement as well, with pre-cycle average scores at 57 (10 students achieving the passing grade, 28%), Cycle I average scores at 77 (26 students achieving the passing grade, 72%), and Cycle II average scores at 86 (31 students achieving the passing grade, 86%). The research demonstrates that the implementation of differentiated learning within a Problem-Based Learning model effectively enhances student learning outcomes in the Economics subject.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODERATION IN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM
Authors: Sugianto Hendi , Muhaemin Muhaemin , Karim Abdul Rahim
Published: December 2024

This research uses qualitative research methods to describe the construction of religious moderation based on local wisdom at the Pesantren Harisul Khairat. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out through observation with the type of participant observation, interviews with semi-structured interviews, and documentation studies. The data obtained was then analyzed using an interactive analysis model following to Miles and Huberman, namely data condensation, data presentation, and verification or conclusion drawing. The results showed that the construction of religious moderation education in Pesantren Khairaat applies the charismatic approach of the kyai and the rules of the Pesantren  in shaping the character, discipline, and spirituality of the students at the externalization stage. The objectivation process occurs through interactions between students and their understanding of religious moderation that is institutionalized in daily practice, becoming an objective reality that is internalized by students. In the internalization stage, the Pesantren maintains values and traditions through socio-cultural adaptation, and students develop a subjective understanding of religious moderation education.
THE INFLUENCE OF GROUP COUNSELING USING SELF-MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ON STUDENTS' SELF-CONCEPT
Authors: Fardiamsyah Rahmad , Farid Dimas Ardika Miftah
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impact of group counseling using self-management techniques on students' self-concept. Students with low levels of self-concept often encounter various developmental obstacles such as teenage acquaintances, procrastination, and drastic mood changes, which can lead to personal disturbances. These issues can be addressed effectively through self-management techniques in a group counseling setting. Self-concept refers to an individual's perception of themselves, shaped by their experiences and interactions with the world. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of group counseling using self-management strategies on students' self-concept. The study employs a quantitative methodology without the use of a control or comparison group, utilizing a one-group pre-test post-test design with a single experimental class. The Wilcoxon test was conducted, yielding asymptotic statistical results. The findings indicate that the hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, demonstrating a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores, specifically an increase in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores. The sig (2-tailed) value is 0.042. Therefore, it can be concluded that group counseling using self-management strategies significantly influences the self-concept of students.
Law-making, legal practice and legal uncertainty (methodological aspects of an interrelationship)
Authors: Kubko Ievhen
Published: December 2024

The article scrutinizes the correlation between lawmaking and legal practice in Ukraine, in terms of ensuring legal certainty within the legal system. The European Court of Human Rights has repeatedly reiterated that legal certainty is a crucial component of the rule of law. It is related both to the quality of laws and the quality of legal (judicial) practice. Legal uncertainty is a negative phenomenon that does not conform to the principles of the rule of law, and, accordingly, the European Convention on Human Rights. It is a result of lawmaking and legal (mainly judicial and administrative) practice.

The state of legal uncertainty in certain legal domains and branches sometimes persists for a considerable period, which has a detrimental effect on the rights of legal entities and individuals as well as the effi ciency of legal regulation in general. Methodologically, lawmaking and legal practice are closely related, despite their distinct functional characteristics, which should be taken into account to avoid legal uncertainty.

The objective of the study is to employ the most recent methodologies to eradicate any uncertainty in the legal framework of Ukraine, and to establish legal liability for lawmaking and other state entities for their failure to promptly eliminate legal uncertainty in the relevant legal domains. It is anticipated that the Ukrainian legal system will soon adopt a law on lobbying, which will facilitate certain modifi cations in legal regulations and potentially pose corruption risks.

They may arise as a consequence of lobbying for legislation that creates legal uncertainty, which ought to be taken into account in law-making endeavors and legal practice. The article proposes definitions of categorical series for the concepts of lawmaking, rulemaking, rule drafting, law-making activity, and others that have functional differences.

The article also aims to examine the issue of legal uncertainty taking into account contemporary global legal concepts such as «textualism» and «legal realism» that are still being debated in foreign literature.

Key words: lawmaking, legal practice, legal certainty, textualism, legal realism.
The influence of legal responsibility on illegal behavior
Authors: Tymoshenko Vira
Published: December 2024

The essence and relationship and interdependence of legal responsibility and legal behavior are considered, in particular, the influence of legal responsibility on illegal behavior. The preventive function of legal responsibility is analyzed, in particular the methods of its implementation. It is emphasized that one of the main directions of the legal impact of legal responsibility on social relations and the consciousness of the offender is its punitive function. The purpose of punishment is not to torture the person who committed the crime, but to prevent the perpetrator from causing harm to society, to prevent other persons from committing the crime (crime prevention). In order to achieve the goal of punishment, it is necessary to form a high level of legal awareness among legal subjects.

The effectiveness of legal responsibility is manifested not in its cruelty, severity of punishment, but in its inevitability. The main goal of positive responsibility is to create an orderly state of social relations, and the goal of preventing offenses is achieved primarily in the process of regulation with the help of duties, prohibitions, permits and incentives. The purpose of negative liability is to prevent the commission of off enses both by the existing offender and by other potential offenders in the future. Legal responsibility is recognized as the most effective and important means of preventing illegal behavior.

In order to prevent illegal behavior, make the offender suffer adverse consequences for his actions and realize their harmfulness, influence his legal awareness, all punishments should have not only a punitive, but also a deterrent and educational effect.
Key words: legal responsibility, illegal behavior, off ense, legal relations, coercion, duty, state, law.
Peculiarities of protection of human rights and freedoms under martial law in Ukraine: constitutional and legal aspect
Authors: Krusian Аnzhelika
Published: December 2024

The constitutional and legal mechanism for the protection of human rights and freedoms (which includes normative and institutional components) changes and acquires diﬀerent dimensions and special characteristics depending on whether it operates in peacetime or in conflict. These changes should be studied in order to improve the protection of human rights and freedoms under martial law in Ukraine.

The purpose of the article is to provide a scientific analysis of the peculiarities of protection of human rights and freedoms under the martial law regime in Ukraine in the context of the constitutional and legal aspect, in particular, to determine the peculiarities of the constitutional and legal mechanism of such protection.

In particular, it is noted that the constitutional and legal mechanism for the protection of human rights and freedoms under martial law is characterised by the following features: first, the normative component of this mechanism is changing through the adoption of legal acts aimed at ensuring social protection, providing social, legal and other assistance and protecting the rights of the most vulnerable category of persons (in particular, internally displaced persons, refugees, children); second, the institutional component of this mechanism is changing, in particular, during the continuation of the At the same time, the author focuses on the problems of judicial protection of human rights, which in times of war is characterised by the emergence of a new category of disputes (family disputes related to mobilisation and exemption from it, obtaining compensation for forcibly alienated (mobilised) property, establishing the fact of living in the same family without marriage with a deceased serviceman, protection of human rights under occupation, etc.) The author proposes the author’s own doctrinal and legal formula for restricting human rights under martial law on the basis of constitutional principles and international legal standards.

Key words: human rights, protection of human rights and freedoms, martial law, temporarily occupied territories, constitutional and legal mechanism for the protection of human rights and freedoms, legislation, judicial protection of human rights, children’s rights, restrictions on human rights.
Parliamentarism as category of modern constitutional law
Authors: Omelchenko Nataliia
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes various approaches to the interpretation and understanding of the category «parliamentarism» in the science of constitutional and parliamentary law, which helped to determine the content and main properties of domestic parliamentarism. It is emphasized that the origins of parliamentarism in the civilizational dimension reach the depths of philosophical, sociological and cultural knowledge, historical and political tradition and thought, geographical location, cultural heritage of a particular country. It is noted that every country in the world, without exception, went through and is building its own path of development and formation of its own representative institutions, as well as approves its own model of parliamentarism. It is emphasized that parliamentarism is determined by the place and role of parliaments in society and the state and in ensuring the implementation of the interaction between the state and civil society, the ability to eﬀectively perform the tasks and functions assigned to it, to be the central institution of democracy, which expresses the will of the people and implements the people's will in practice representation.

Therefore, the main factors that influence and shape parliamentarism are the specification of fundamental constitutional values and principles that determine the main directions of functioning and activity of the Parliament of Ukraine in today's conditions, the introduction of international standards and eﬀective foreign experience regarding new forms and methods of exercising legislative power and the adaptation of this experience to the realities of domestic legislation; introduction of modern information technologies (electronic parliament); unification of legal norms in the legislative process and legislative technique; the preparation of a new version of the parliamentary Rules of Procedure, as well as the completion of the ongoing parliamentary reform aimed at the organization and operation of an eﬀective parliament in Ukraine.

Key words: parliamentarism, parliament, Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, doctrine, principle, system of parliamentarism, public power, representative democracy, constitutional law, parliamentary law, legal regime, martial law, European integration processes.
International compensation mechanism for transferring frozen russian assets to Ukraine: possibilities of creation, legal problems and ways to overcome them
Authors: Malysheva Nataliia
Published: December 2024

Currently, there is a consensus in the European Union and the G7 countries that russia must pay to compensate the damage and losses it caused to Ukraine through its unprovoked aggressive war. The most promising way to do so is to confiscate the assets of sanctioned russian individuals and legal entities, as well as the frozen reserves of the russian central bank. But such confiscation is not automatic. Certain obstacles, mostly of a legal nature, have to be overcome on this path. The article analyzes the possibilities of creating and implementing a compensation mechanism for the confiscation of relevant assets and their further transfer to Ukraine from the standpoint of current international law and national legal systems of appropriate States.

The author examines the legislative steps in this direction taken by particular States that have relevant seized assets, as well as the measures taken by the European Union and other European and international institutions to confiscate relevant assets. Based on the analysis of doctrinal and regulatory sources, and recognizing the extraordinary nature of the situation under consideration, the author makes proposals for taking«proportionate countermeasures» against russia provided for by international law, including confiscation of russian assets.

It is pointed out that additional arguments for the application of appropriate measures may serve as the fact that the unjustified aggression was committed by a State — a permanent member of the UN Security Council; this State, using the right of veto, blocks all decisions related to it; the State — a «security guarantor» of Ukraine after the transfer of Ukraine’s nuclear potential to russia; the State, recognized by a number of international organizations and national governments as a sponsor of terrorism, etc. It is important that the legal mechanism being created should be unified for all stakeholders to prevent the flow of russian reserves between diﬀerent financial institutions.

For this purpose, it is proposed to make an Agreement between Ukraine, the EU and the G7 countries, which, with reference to international law, should provide all the conditions for the implementation of a unified coordinated confiscation mechanism for all interested parties.

Key words: russia’s aggression against Ukraine; frozen assets of the russian federation; sanctioned russian oligarchs; reserves of the central bank of the russian federation; confiscation; international compensation mechanism; transfer of confiscated russian assets to Ukraine.
RESEARCH OF ASPECTS OF REDUCING ROAD TRAFFIC INJURIES BASED ON ABROAD EXPERIENCE
Authors:   National Transport University, Riznichenko Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

Summary. The articles deals of the definition clutch waterproofing materials with asphalt concrete pavement and base on the bridges. Insufficient adhesion of waterproofing materials with asphalt surface and base of the bridges will leading to the formation shear, ruts and reduces the corrosion resistance of steel orthotropic plate artificial structures, due to the ingress of water through the cracks. To investigate the methods chosen for assessment of coupling, which allows you to simulate the vertical and horizontal loads on asphalt concrete coating to determine the cohesive strength of the waterproof material. In order to provide resistance to plastic deformation and durability of bridge deck pavement in difficult operating conditions, it is necessary to consider not only the strong bonding of pavement layers (interlayer coupling), and mandatory use of a special fraction of the layer between the waterproofing and asphalt surface. Based on research and data from different authors recommended for drowning the auxiliary clutch waterproofing layer, in this example for Velestrong AP gravel fraction 2.5-5 mm at a rate of 500 - 1000 g/m2. Fractional layer, arranged by drowning fine gravel fraction 3 mm auxiliary layer of waterproofing material of high strength (eg Velestrong AP), can effectively resist shear stresses.
Keywords: coupling between the layers, shear resistance, asphalt coating, waterproofing material.
URBAN DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEO-INFORMATIONAL MONITORING MAPS OF REAL ESTATE USE IN REGIONS
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Mamonov Kostiantyn , Kondrashchenko Elena ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Meteshkin Kostiantyn ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Nesterenko Serhii ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: December 2024

Summary. The topic of the research is relevant and has a timely character to ensure the improvement of the efficiency of the use of real estate at the regional level.
The study achieved the goal of the formation and application of urban planning support for the use of regional real estate for the development of geo-informational monitoring maps. In accordance with the purpose of the research, the following tasks were solved: the identification of urban planning factors affecting the development of geo-informational monitoring maps at the regional level; determination of directions and features of development and application of geo-informational monitoring maps of real estate use of regions.
The values of the integral urban planning indicator testify to the growing importance of urban planning directions in the system of territorial development of the use of real estate in the regions. At the regional level, non-systematic directions are implemented aimed at: formation of zoning; ensuring the implementation of structural and planning, planning and limiting, engineering preparation and equipment of territories, transport support; formation of the historical and architectural environment; implementation of directions of operation of the construction sphere; implementation of the level of development and density of territories; application of spatial information in urban planning; formation of cadastral information in the field of real estate use of regions for urban planning.
The most actively implemented urban planning directions in the system of territorial development of the use of real estate in the regions: Volyn, Zhytomyr, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kyiv, Mykolaiv, Rivne, Sumy, Chernihiv. City planning directions were slowed down in the regions: Donetsk, Kropyvnytskyi, Luhansk.
It is proposed to use a geo-information monitoring toolkit to ensure the use of real estate at the regional level, taking into account the influence of urban planning factors, which is based on assessment procedures, geo-information systems and comprehensive consideration of urban planning factors.
Keywords: real estate, urban development support, geoinformation systems, land use, monitoring, integral method, factors of real estate use, integral indicator, territorial development, geoinformation monitoring maps, regions.
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE TERMINOLOGICAL APPARATUS OF RISKOLOGY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ACTIVITIES OF A MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE
Authors:   National Transport University, Dmytrychenko Andij , Alieksieienko Oleksandr ,   National Transport University, Artemchuk Yuliia ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Summary. The study determined that in the context of the functioning of transport industry enterprises in modern conditions, researchers and scientists are increasingly resorting to the use of risk-oriented or risk-based management apparatus. However, the terminological apparatus of risk management must be carefully studied and systematized, in connection with which it is proposed to apply the approaches of system analysis to the development of the conceptual apparatus of riskology. The main concepts and tools of risk management are presented. In particular, a set of methods and models for their evaluation, analysis of factors, selection of a management strategy, control (monitoring) and evaluation of the results of ISO 9001:2015 risk management, as well as the approach of applying the Ishikawa diagram. Risk management methods are classified into two classes, which are based on quantitative and qualitative risk analysis and on graphic analysis, methods of static analysis and mathematical modeling. It is noted that the analysis of project risks should take into account their main indicators, such as: risk factors; significance of risk consequences (weight); probability of occurrence of a risky situation. The main methods of quantitative and qualitative risk analysis are described. An own concept of the formation of risk management terminology is proposed, depending on the meaning attached to solving certain tasks of the organization and its branch affiliation.
Key words: system analysis, risk, risk management, risk-oriented thinking, risk-oriented approach, transport industry
SIMULATION OF THE IMPACT OF MANAGEMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THEIR ACTIVITIEST
Authors:   National Transport University, Grechan Alla , Grechan Pavlo ,   International University of Science and Technology
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The article presents the proposed vector model of managing the innovative activity of the enterprise, which takes into account the assessment of the level of innovative activity, innovative potential and financial support of the economic entity and is aimed at making reasonable management decisions that ensure the improvement of the efficiency of its activity.
The purpose of the article is to substantiate the vector model of the influence of the management of innovative activity of enterprises on the efficiency of their activities.
The object of the study is methodical provision of effective management of the innovative activity of the enterprise in order to ensure its effective development in the long term.
Research methods – theoretical and logical substantiation and economic modeling of effective management of the innovative activity of the enterprise to ensure its effective functioning and aimed at the strategic development of economic entities.
The use of modeling to analyze various scenarios of the development of innovative activity enables enterprises to make more informed decisions and implement the most effective strategies. This, in turn, helps to increase the overall efficiency of the enterprise and its stability on the market.
The proposed vector model of the influence of the management of the innovative activity of the enterprise on the efficiency of its activity involves the assessment of its main elements (innovative activity, innovative potential and financial support of innovative processes), which in the size of the corresponding vectors in a three-dimensional plane form a vector of the direction of management decisions to ensure the improvement of the efficiency of the enterprise.
The advantages of the model are the ability to take into account alternative options for managing innovative activity, it allows to optimize it due to the combination of asymmetry and harmonization of development, contributes to the validity of management decisions in order to increase the efficiency of innovative activity of enterprises and ensure their economic development.
Key words: innovative activity, enterprise management, management model, economic and mathematical modeling, enterprise efficiency, enterprise development, innovation potential, financial support.
PROFESSIONAL CULTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT STAFF AS A LEADING INDUSTRY OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   National Transport University, Spitsyna Anhelina
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The article substantiates the necessity of forming the professional culture of the sports industry specialists as an integral component of their general culture. Various scientific approaches to determining the essence and structure of the phenomenon under study are presented. The formation of the professional culture of the personality of transport specialists in the process of their educational and professional activity is one of the urgent problems of today. In the country, the problem of professional self-awareness, psychological and pedagogical conditions for its formation has emerged most acutely today precisely because of changes in social and economic conditions, innovations in the field of education, especially professional, as well as in connection with the need to change the attitude of the subject of work to his professional activity . The article reveals the role and substantiates the need for professional development and training of personnel, as well as an analysis of the main directions and forms of professional training and professional development of personnel. The external and internal factors of the organization that determine the need for professional development and training of personnel are determined. Formulated motives of the employee to develop professionally. The goals of professional training of the organization's personnel are differentiated. In modern conditions of globalization, where the speed, efficiency and cost of transportation of goods and services become crucial, the development of the transport industry becomes a key factor in increasing the global competitiveness of the state. For Ukraine, with its strategically advantageous geographical position, this becomes especially relevant. In the context of the Russian Federation's full-scale military aggression against Ukraine, the very functioning of transport enterprises has become one of the main factors that ensure a certain level of economic and social stability of the country.
Key words: personnel development, transport industry, development of professional culture, European integration, professional development, professional training
FEATURES OF CARING FOR HARDENED ROAD CONCRETE WHEN ESTABLISHING A MONOLITHIC CEMENT CONCRETE ROAD SURFACE. Part 2. Analysis of the results of experimental studies and methodical recommendations
Authors:   National Transport University, Gameliak Igor , Dmytrychenko Andrij ,   National Transport University, Yashchenko Yehor ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Achieving sufficient concrete strength during drying (moisture loss) is important for the continuation of concrete and other construction works. Early assessment of concrete strength reduces downtime while waiting for hardening. Temperature and humidity are important factors affecting curing time. Development of a detailed methodology for calculating complex maturity taking into account external and internal parameters, such as internal and ambient temperature and relative humidity of the environment, which would weigh the ratio of the influence of each parameter and most accurately convey the relationship between the gained strength and the maturity of concrete during the hardening time.
Key words: cement concrete, concrete strength, concrete curing, evaporation, experimental research.
PROBLEMS OF USING FINE-GRAVED GRAVELS IN SURFACE DRESING OF ROAD PAVEMENTS
Authors:   National Transport University, Ostroverkhyi Oleg
Published: December 2024

Summary. The subject of the study is the influence of the geometric characteristics of fine-grained crushed stone on the technological parameters of the arrangement of surface treatments. The object of the study is the process of determining the consumption of fine-grained crushed stone depending on the shape, size and uniformity of its grains.
The purpose of the work is to improve the quality and durability of surface treatments by taking into account the indicators of the shape, size and uniformity of crushed stone grains when selecting the composition of the surface treatment of road surfaces.
To achieve the set goal, the following partial tasks were solved: the influence of the shape, size and uniformity of fine-grained crushed stone grains on the technological indicators of the arrangement of surface treatments of road surfaces was studied; the informativeness of the indicator of the content of the winch for the characteristics of the shape of crushed stone was studied using laboratory measurement methods; by applying laboratory measurement methods of the optimal consumption of fine-grained crushed stone, its consumption for the arrangement of surface treatments was selected taking into account the shape, size and uniformity of fine-grained crushed stone grains; Practical recommendations are provided for improving the selection of the composition of surface treatments on fine-grained crushed stone and assessing the quality of work on the arrangement of wearing courses.
Keywords: crushed stone, surface dressing, road surface, grain shape, crushed stone consumption.
THE CURRENT STATE OF TRANSPORTATION AND EXPLOITATION PARAMETERS IN THE MAINTENANCE OF BRIDGES ON THE ROAD NETWORK OF THE RIVNE REGION
Authors:   National  University  of  Water  and  Environmental  Engineering, Bondar Andrii , Kuzlo Mykola ,   National  University  of  Water  and  Environmental  Engineering, Chertkov Valerii ,   PJSC «Rivneavtoshljahbud»
Published: December 2024

Summary. The article examines the issues of the current state of bridge structures in terms of their operation, namely the need for timely and high-quality maintenance taking into account all possible modern needs. The main task of modern operation is to maintain existing structures and the road network in proper condition. This task is not fulfilled in all cases, but with proper defect detection and timely response to this or that problem, it is possible to achieve success.
At the same time, the urgently needed measures are listed, which require solutions for the further maintenance of bridges and ensuring their load-bearing capacity in connection with modern loads both in terms of traffic intensity and axle load.
Attention is also focused on the need to carry out small but essential works that not only extend the periods between repairs, but also significantly reduce the cost of repair or reconstruction of the bridge structure.
Key words: current state, exploitation, maintenance, bridge buildings, road network.
INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES AS A TOOL FOR INVESTMENT CONTROL OF MOTOR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES
Authors:   National Transport University, Riaboshtan Liudmyla
Published: December 2024

Summary. Investment controlling plays an important role in ensuring the sustainability and efficiency of investment activities of enterprises, in particular in the transport industry, where risks and competition are constantly growing. The need for an objective assessment of investment activities is of particular importance for motor transport companies, since it allows not only to increase the profitability of investments, but also to timely adjust investment areas with low efficiency.
The article considers the investment controlling tools aimed at ensuring the efficiency of investment activities of motor transport enterprises. Using discriminant analysis, an integral performance indicator was constructed, which allows for a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of investment activities of enterprises.
The main attention is paid to the development of a multifactor discriminant model based on key financial indicators, such as economic profitability of assets, the coefficient of suitability of fixed assets and the return on capital. The objectivity of the model of integral assessment of investment activity efficiency is ensured by using the Wilks lambda criterion and the Pearson linear correlation coefficient. The multifactor discriminant analysis performed allowed us to assess the contribution of each indicator to the overall performance of the integral indicator.
The calculations performed confirm the model’s ability to clearly distinguish between enterprises with high and low investment efficiency.
The practical value of the study lies in creating an effective tool for improving the efficiency of investment management, which can be adapted and used by other enterprises in the transport industry. The application of the developed model will allow us to increase the level of efficiency of management decisions aimed at optimizing investment activity, which is especially relevant in the current economic conditions of Ukraine.
Keywords: investment controlling, investment activity, integral indicator, efficiency, motor transport enterprise, multifactor discriminant model.
MECHANISM OF IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE
Authors:   National Transport University, Spitsyna Anhelina , Nesterenko Oleksandr ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The essence of human development is to ensure the growth of human opportunities, thanks to political freedom, human rights, social respect for the individual, as well as giving people the opportunity to fully develop their potential, live productively and creatively in harmony with their needs and interests. The basis for finding new conditions, factors and opportunities for creating and maintaining the competitiveness of enterprises in a fast-moving global environment are human resources, employees of the enterprise, their loyalty, motivation, competence and labor productivity. To increase the efficiency of people management, a new approach is needed, when human resources are considered as a source of enterprise development. The paper established that the human resources management mechanism at the transport enterprise is a tool for implementing the human resources management strategy. It is substantiated that the strategy, as the main tool for the formation of the human resources management system, is constantly changing and, depending on the needs of the business, launches various processes: the cycle of work organization, human resources planning, motivation and development. The work presents a description of the above-mentioned processes, which will contribute to the understanding of the implementation of these processes into the human resources management mechanism.
So, the mechanism of human resources management proposed in the article made it possible to determine the ways of improving the effectiveness of human resources management. The purpose of the article is the formation of an effective mechanism for the implementation of human resources management at a transport enterprise. Research methods. In the process of researching the management of human development, general scientific and special methods were used, namely: abstraction; theoretical generalization; system analysis; synthesis For the effective management of human resources of the transport enterprise, a whole set of measures is applied, namely the use of regulatory, motivational, communicative and organizational management mechanisms, which will in the future provide all management bodies with highly qualified personnel.
Key words: human resources, transport enterprise, mechanism, management, motivation.
Pepper-YOLO: an lightweight model for green pepper detection and picking point localization in complex environments
Authors: Huang Yikun , Zhong Yulin , Zhong Deci , Yang Changcai , Wei Lifang , Zou Zhoupei , Chen Riqing
Published: December 2024

In the cultivation of green chili peppers, the similarity between the fruit and background color, along with severe occlusion between fruits and leaves, significantly reduces the efficiency of harvesting robots. While increasing model depth can enhance detection accuracy, complex models are often difficult to deploy on low-cost agricultural devices. This paper presents an improved lightweight Pepper-YOLO model based on YOLOv8n-Pose, designed for simultaneous detection of green chili peppers and picking points. The proposed model introduces a reversible dual pyramid structure with cross-layer connections to enhance high-and low-level feature extraction while preventing feature loss, ensuring seamless information transfer between layers. Additionally, RepNCSPELAN4 is utilized for feature fusion, improving multi-scale feature representation. Finally, the C2fCIB module replaces the CIB module to further optimize the detection and localization of large-scale pepper features. Experimental results indicate that Pepper-YOLO achieves an object detection accuracy of 82.2% and a harvesting point localization accuracy of 88.1% in complex scenes, with a Euclidean distance error of less than 12.58 pixels. Additionally, the model reduces the number of parameters by 38.3% and lowers complexity by 28.9%, resulting in a final model size of 4.3MB. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, our approach demonstrates better parameter efficiency. In summary, Pepper-YOLO exhibits high precision and real-time performance in complex environments, with a lightweight design that makes it well-suited for deployment on low-cost devices.
A Multi-Surrogate Assisted Multi-Tasking Optimization Algorithm for High-Dimensional Expensive Problems
Authors: Li Hongyu , Chen Lei , Zhang Jian , Li Muxi
Published: December 2024

Surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms (SAEAs) are widely used in the field of high-dimensional expensive optimization. However, real-world problems are usually complex and characterized by a variety of features. Therefore, it is very challenging to choose the most appropriate surrogate. It has been shown that multiple surrogates can characterize the fitness landscape more accurately than a single surrogate. In this work, a multi-surrogate-assisted multi-tasking optimization algorithm (MSAMT) is proposed that solves high-dimensional problems by simultaneously optimizing multiple surrogates as related tasks using the generalized multi-factorial evolutionary algorithm. In the MSAMT, all exactly evaluated samples are initially grouped to form a collection of clusters. Subsequently, the search space can be divided into several areas based on the clusters, and surrogates are constructed in each region that are capable of completely describing the entire fitness landscape as a way to improve the exploration capability of the algorithm. Near the current optimal solution, a novel ensemble surrogate is adopted to achieve local search in speeding up the convergence process. In the framework of a multi-tasking optimization algorithm, several surrogates are optimized simultaneously as related tasks. As a result, several optimal solutions spread throughout disjoint regions can be found for real function evaluation. Fourteen 10- to 100-dimensional test functions and a spatial truss design problem were used to compare the proposed approach with several recently proposed SAEAs. The results show that the proposed MSAMT performs better than the comparison algorithms in most test functions and real engineering problems.
Measuring the Inferential Values of Relations in Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Zhang Xu , Kang Xiaojun , Yao Hong , Dong Lijun
Published: December 2024

Knowledge graphs, as an important research direction in artificial intelligence, have been widely applied in many fields and tasks. The relations in knowledge graphs have explicit semantics and play a crucial role in knowledge completion and reasoning. Correctly measuring the inferential value of relations and identifying important relations in a knowledge graph can effectively improve the effectiveness of knowledge graphs in reasoning tasks. However, the existing methods primarily consider the connectivity and structural characteristics of relations, but neglect the semantics and the mutual influence of relations in reasoning tasks. This leads to truly valuable relations being difficult to fully utilize in long-chain reasoning. To address this problem, this work, inspired by information entropy and uncertainty-measurement methods in knowledge bases, proposes a method called Relation Importance Measurement based on Information Entropy (RIMIE) to measure the inferential value of relations in knowledge graphs. RIMIE considers the semantics of relations and the role of relations in reasoning. Specifically, based on the values of relations in logical chains, RIMIE partitions the logical sample set into multiple equivalence classes, and generates a knowledge structure for each relation. Correspondingly, to effectively measure the inferential values of relations in knowledge graphs, the concept of relation entropy is proposed, and it is calculated according to the knowledge structures. Finally, to objectively assess the effectiveness of RIMIE, a group of experiments are conducted, which compare the influences of the relations selected according to RIMIE and other patterns on the triple classifications by knowledge graph representation learning. The experimental results confirm what is claimed above.
Creative Performance of Millennials and Generation Z: What Matters More, Intrinsic or Extrinsic Rewards?
Authors: Krishna Shwetha M. , Agrawal Somya
Published: December 2024

Millennials and Gen Z now dominate the global workforce, each with distinct reward preferences influencing motivation and creativity. Understanding these distinctions is critical for improving employee retention and performance. This research aims to evaluate the efficacy of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards for both cohorts. The main goals are to determine reward preferences, examine the mediation effects of moral importance of work and learning attitudes, and assess their impact on creative performance. Using online survey, data were collected from 319 individuals in India and analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Results show that while intrinsic rewards were not significantly related to the moral importance of work for either generation, extrinsic rewards were linked to moral importance only for Gen Z. Extrinsic rewards also had no significant impact on learning attitudes for Gen Z, but they did for millennials. Additionally, the moral importance of work was unrelated to creative performance for millennials, but it had a significant impact on Generation Z. By examining these dynamics, this study aims to provide insights into generational shifts in workplace values in the Indian context, highlighting implications for employee’s creative performance that align with each generation’s unique priorities and ethical considerations.
Gender and Digital Rights: An Empirical Study Among Young Entrepreneurs
Authors: Fariña-Sánchez Marisa , Gutiérrez-Santiuste Elba
Published: December 2024

Digital rights have been little studied from a gender perspective until now. This research analyses, from a gender perspective, the characteristics of young entrepreneurs, the use of social media in their entrepreneurial projects, and their observance of digital rights. It uses a descriptive methodology based on the analysis of 144 successful cases of youth entrepreneurship. Percentage analysis and Chi-Square tests were carried out to determine gender differences. The results reveal that most of the entrepreneurial projects are led by men. The sectors of choice for female entrepreneurs seem to be, among others, the manufacturing industry and health activities. The most used social media are websites and Facebook. Overall, no statistically significant gender differences were found in terms of respect for digital rights. The results of this study point to the need to design and develop training actions aimed at gender equity in youth entrepreneurship and training in the observance and respect of digital rights. The results of this study have social implications insofar as they highlight the differences between genders in the development of entrepreneurial projects and the importance of protecting and respecting digital rights in social media, as established by international standards.
Does a Feedforward Orientation Provide Competitive Advantages Under Disruptive Conditions? A Review of Control Literature with an Illustrative Case
Authors: Veliyath Rajaram
Published: December 2024

This paper identifies the salient features of feedforward control and the advantages that it provides vis-à-vis feedback control. These advantages are especially salient in strategic control situations and also during periods of environmental turbulence and extreme strategic discontinuity. Consciously adopting a feedforward orientation in organizational strategic management processes could enhance an organization’s competitive advantages and potentially lead to sustainable, superior performance. Additionally, broadening the conceptual definition of feedforward (from its cybernetic origins) to also include strategic foresight might also enable organizations to develop dynamic capabilities. The example of Zara, a leader in ‘fast-fashion’ retailing, is presented as an example of how feedforward attributes can be identified, inculcated, and ingrained/retained as organizational attributes that become a part of an organization’s DNA. Moreover, when severe external environmental disruptions inevitably erode an organization’s resource bases and pose an existential threat to the organization’s survival, such a feedforward orientation could be the catalyst for coping, adapting, and developing new dynamic capabilities. These new capabilities can not only help organizations to counter newly emergent threats and survive, but also help them to dynamically cultivate and develop newer sources of competitive advantages.