bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Szkolenia pracowników jako element zarządzania różnorodnością
Authors: Winnicka-Wejs Alicja
Published: October 2017

The paper presents legal principles of equal treatment and non-discrimination, while indicating the criteria for differentiation concerning access to training. Its purpose is to set out a typology of training taking into account groups of beneficiaries which vary in terms of their primary, secondary and organizational identity and then, on that basis, to assign them sample training courses available on the market. It also classifies training methods and techniques for generational diversity, qualifications diversity and learning styles. Finally, the article discusses selected training projects that are useful in the implementation of diversity management.
Czynniki determinujące prawdopodobieństwo ujawnienia się wybranych dysfunkcji w zarządzaniu personelem
Authors: Kunasz Marek
Published: October 2017

The purpose of the paper was to identify factors determining the probability of selected dysfunctional behaviours being revealed in personnel management. The paper has a theoretical-empirical character. Empirical material from research on human resource management systems in enterprises located in Poland’s West Pomeranian Voivodeship was analyzed. Econometric modelling (qualititative variable models were estimated) was applied in the methodological layer. Five logit econometric models were estimated.
Wpływ płci na postrzeganie podwładnych przez przełożonych
Authors: Kinowska Hanna
Published: October 2017

The article examines the impact of gender on how superiors perceive subordinates. The analysis was based on a review of the literature and the results of research on the opinions of subordinates on superiors, done in 2016 by the Institute of Human Capital, Warsaw School of Economics. The causes of pay discrepencies are analysed on the basis of the subject literature, as are the dynamics of women’s participation in top positions in Poland and the European Union. The influence a superior may have on an employee’s career is characterized. What causes programmes aimed at promoting more objective decisions to be ineffective are identified. Based on the results of quantitative research, gender-based differences in the relationships subordinates have with superiors is determined. A key area of divergence were issues pertaining to justice, particularly where the evaluation of employees, the division of tasks and rewards were concerned.
Postawy Polaków z wyższym wykształceniem wobec imigrantów w zakresie współpracy zawodowej
Authors: Bartkowiak Grażyna , Krugiełka Agnieszka
Published: October 2017

The article discusses the attitudes of Poles with higher education to immigrants. The theoretical part examines attitudes (categorized as either declared or actual) towards immigrants of selected individual nations, as well as their level of adaptability to the culture and customs of the host country. The empirical part presents the results of the research.The article seeks answers to the following questions: what are the attitudes of educated Poles towards immigrants and working with them on the professional forum? are the attitudes contingent on the nationality/country of origin? 76 individuals responded to a questionnaire developed for the study. The research reveals differences in attitudes towards immigrants within the criteria used for their evaluation and their relationship as well as the nation of origin.
Elastic deformation modulus for estimating convergence when tunnelling through squeezing ground
Authors: Vrakas A. , Dong W. , Anagnostou G.
Published: October 2017

Squeezing in tunnelling is commonly assessed using the linearly elastic–perfectly plastic Mohr–Coulomb (MC) model. Weak rocks and fault materials, however, exhibit confining stress-dependent and strain-hardening behaviour prior to failure; in other words, the higher the confining stress and the lower the shear strain the stiffer the rock behaviour. As the MC model assumes a strain- and stress-independent Young's modulus, the selection of an appropriate ‘operational’ value, EMC, remains a major problem in tunnel studies using this model. Although EMC has a significant effect on the deformation predictions (they are inversely proportional to this value under small strain theory), there is no widely accepted or well-validated approach to its selection. This paper shows, using the results of triaxial compression tests on weak rocks and fault materials from the Gotthard base tunnel and five other projects, and performing a theoretical analysis of the ground response to tunnel excavation, that EMC can be taken as equal to the secant modulus E50 (rather than equal to the unloading–reloading modulus) extrapolated from standard triaxial compression test results to the in situ stress level. This is particularly useful for practical purposes as it allows standard computational methods to be used with sufficient accuracy, rendering more refined models unnecessary, at least at the preliminary design stage.
Climate-resilient water supply for a mine in the Chilean Andes
Authors: Correa-Ibanez Rodrigo , Keir Greg , McIntyre Neil
Published: October 2017

Climate change is affecting flow volumes and regimes in glacier- and snow-melt-fed catchments. Together with increasing demands for water, this is putting many water users under increasing water security risk. The mines of the high Andes are one user group experiencing increased water stress. This paper illustrates the climate change problem using a 40 year hydro-climate data set from the headwaters of the Aconcagua basin in central Chile and describes the integration of climate, hydrology, mine water system and financial risk models to evaluate potential water supply solutions. It is concluded that existing water supplies are not sufficiently secure under baseline conditions and less secure under future climate scenarios. Recirculating water from the tailings storage facility, despite the large capital and operations costs involved, is considered the optimal climate-resilient solution and also offers social and environmental advantages. However, considerable modelling uncertainties exist, primarily related to spatial precipitation.
La investigación en políticas públicas : ¿ingeniería social, argumentación o experimentación democrática?
Authors: Roth D. André-Noël
Published: October 2017

El análisis de política, como campo de investigación científica que pretende aportar mayor racionalidad, efectividad y democracia a los procesos de formación, decisión e implementación de políticas públicas, se ha desarrollado a partir de mediados del siglo pasado. En este lapso, las llamadas “ciencias de la política” (policy sciences) pasaron por importantes desarrollos que permiten hoy señalar, por lo menos, tres grandes perspectivas de análisis: una perspectiva tradicional basada en los datos y las evidencias, una segunda perspectiva llamada cognitivista que toma en consideración el papel de las ideas y, por última, una perspectiva post-empiricista que pretende democratizar el análisis de políticas. Proponemos al lector una síntesis de estas perspectivas (Roth, 2014) y concluimos señalando algunas pistas para repensar la democracia y sus instituciones desde el análisis de políticas públicas.
Tecnologia Social e Economia Solidária: construindo a ponte
Authors: Unicamp GAPI
Published: October 2017

O propósito deste texto é investigar os pilares que, de um lado e de outro de dois territórios ainda separados –da Economia Solidária (ES) e da Tecnologia Social (TS)–, podem ser identificados para construir a ponte que potencialize, por meio do tráfego das contribuições que neles se estão produzindo, o seu mútuo desenvolvimento.
Lecturas normativo-experienciales y prácticas pedagógicas plurales sobre inclusión académica
Authors: Munévar M. Dora Inés
Published: October 2017

Este artículo propone una serie de lecturas en torno a la inclusión de las diferencias y las experiencias compartidas por mujeres y hombres estudiantes que ingresaron y permanecen en la universidad mediante normas inclusivas. También se analiza un espacio posible de transformaciones pedagógicas mediante la descolonización epistémica. Con la primera lectura, nos acercamos a las normas inclusivas dirigidas a ciertos grupos de aspirantes a ingresar a la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Con la segunda lectura, enmarcamos experiencias situadas y sentidas pensadas desde la primera persona del singular y del plural. Con la tercera lectura, se avizora la descolonización de los modos de conocer para albergar saberes ausentes. Con la intersección de las tres lecturas emergen unas prácticas pedagógicas plurales alimentadas por la proximidad sensible para que no se produzca la homogenización, esto es, la desaparición de las diferencias demostradas durante el proceso de admisión.
Enseñanza y aprendizaje: lograr la calidad para todos. Informe de Seguimiento de la EPT en el Mundo 2013/2014. UNESCO
Authors: Puruncajas Verónica
Published: October 2017

En el undécimo informe de seguimiento de la Educación para Todos (EPT) en el mundo se actualizan los avances alcanzados con relación a los objetivos mundiales de educación acordados en el 2000 y a la vez se pretende encontrar los argumentos que ubiquen a la educación como un tema central en la agenda mundial para el desarrollo después del 2015.
Mujeres afroecuatorianas en Quito: identidades, resistencia y acción política
Authors: Vera Santos Rocío
Published: October 2017

El interés de este artículo es presentar un análisis sociológico de la construcción de identidades individuales y colectivas afroecuatorianas y sus vínculos de acción política en un contexto barrial en la ciudad de Quito. Desde una perspectiva postcolonial se concibe a las identidades como una articulación de discursos y posicionamientos que ubican o adoptan los sujetos en contextos determinados. Por lo tanto, las identidades son construcciones constantes que articulan diversas categorías sociales ubicando a los sujetos en situaciones de vulnerabilidad pero también de agencia. Para el análisis se realizó historias de vida de dos mujeres afroecuatorianas. El análisis muestra que a pesar de las diferencias en las construcciones raciales y de clase entre las dos mujeres, el género y la etnicidad se superponen permitiéndoles trabajar juntas en una lucha constante frente al racismo, sexismo y discriminación. Estas mujeres en sus acciones culturales y políticas no solo reivindican sus identidades sino también difunden sus derechos como mujeres y como grupo étnico.
Buen Vivir como propuesta política integral: Dimensiones del Sumak Kawsay
Authors: Altmann Philipp
Published: October 2017

El Sumak Kawsay o Buen Vivir ha recibido mucha atención desde su integración en la Constitución ecuatoriana del 2008 y –como Suma Qamaña– en la boliviana del 2009. En este contexto ha sido entendido como una alternativa a las concepciones capitalistas del desarrollo como crecimiento. Así adquirió un rol de alternativa semi-utópica dentro de un discurso de “la izquierda ecologista” que se interesa más en buscar conexiones y tradiciones de este concepto para difundirlo que en una descripción concreta. No obstante, tanto en la definición del movimiento indígena ecuatoriano –actor que introdujo este concepto en el Ecuador–, como en la del gobierno de este país, el Buen Vivir tiene una serie de dimensiones más o menos concretas que pueden permitir una idea de cómo sería la construcción de una sociedad o de un Estado del Buen Vivir. Este texto pretende precisar las posibles dimensiones de este concepto en la definición del movimiento indígena y la del Gobierno ecuatoriano mediante un análisis discursivo de las diferentes publicaciones. La comparación de las diferentes interpretaciones del Buen Vivir, concretizado en determinadas dimensiones, puede ser un primer paso para elaborar la base conceptual para una definición del Buen Vivir apto para la aplicación práctica.
mundos plurales
Authors: Espinosa Betty , Roth André-Noël , Waters William F.
Published: October 2017

Mundos Plurales es una iniciativa desarrollada por una alianza entre el Grupode Investigación “Análisis de las Políticas Públicas y de la Gestión Pública(APPGP) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL-Bogotá) y elGrupo de Investigación “Políticas Sociales” de la Facultad LatinoamericanaMundos Plurales es una iniciativa desarrollada por una alianza entre el Grupo de Investigación “Análisis de las Políticas Públicas y de la Gestión Pública (APPGP) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL-Bogotá) y el Grupo de Investigación “Políticas Sociales” de la Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales del Ecuador (FLACSO) a través de un convenio vigente entre estas universidades. Cuenta con el respaldo de académicos provenientes de diversas disciplinas, distintas regiones y países, que apuestan por la pluralidad de pensamiento.Mundos Plurales espera reflejar, como sugiere su título, una gran variedad de enfoques temáticos relacionados con las políticas públicas en el más amplio sentido de la palabra. Es una  publicación multilingüe que busca promover y defender un espacio latinoamericano publicando textos en castellano, portugués, francés e inglés.
Contra el espacio: lugar, movimiento, conocimiento
Authors: Ingold Tim
Published: October 2017

Ingold transmite a través de un repertorio teórico innovador la gran diversidad temporal y cultural que define al ser humano en toda su historia y en relación a los animales, paisajes, actividades corporales, y actividades textuales; para Ingold son el movimiento y las capacidades del cuerpo las que crean textualidades vivas y que definen al ser humano; aspectos de la existencia que compartimos con nuestros antepasados, y que actualmente se manifiestan de diferentes formas en diversas sociedades del mundo de hoy o en el mundo indígena. El concepto maestro en el lenguaje de Ingold es el lugar, donde el ser humano realiza sus actividades por caminos, textos y líneas de significación y movimiento.  Los lugares son como nudos, sitios donde los humanos se entrelazan a través de líneas de caminantes (wayfaring) y que constituyen una malla (meshwork) de relaciones entre personas, sus paisajes, animales, plantas, y los textos varios que los seres humanos crean en su geografía vivida.
Debates actuales y perspectivas sobre las políticas sociales en América Latina. Entrevista con Rolando Franco
Authors: Larrea Ana María , Hernández Freddy , Rivera Jairo , Mera Manuel , Arcos Vinicio
Published: October 2017

Rolando Franco menciona que ha habido bastante innovación en el campo de las políticas sociales en los últimos quince años en América Latina. Pero no es claro que haya sido la implementación de esas nuevas políticas sociales la que haya modificado las condiciones de vida de la población de la región. entre los cambios importantes se hallan el aumento de las clases medias yla reducción de la pobreza, pero ello fue consecuencia de cambios económicos más que de las políticas sociales.
TEXTO COMPLETO
Authors: MUNDOS PLURALES REVISTA
Published: October 2017

La importancia creciente de las políticas públicas en los discursos políticos y académicos en América Latina urge la difusión de los principales aportes, propuestas, debates y discusiones en un campo de gran heterogeneidad. Este interés contrasta con la aún limitada disponibilidad en idioma castellano de numerosos autores considerados como referencias indispensables en el campo de las políticas públicas así como en la escasa producción regional de aportes a los debates en este campo, a pesar de la reciente multiplicación de programas de formación en políticas públicas en la región.
New records of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) from the Maltese Islands
Authors: Balzan Mario V , Genoud David , Rasmont Pierre , Schwarz Maximilian , Michez Denis
Published: October 2017

A total of 95 bee species have been recorded from the Maltese Islands (central Mediterranean Sea).  The aim of the present note is to report newly recorded species within the study area.  A total of nine new species belonging to four families are recorded here: Andrenidae (1 species), Apidae (1 species), Halictidae (5 species), and Megachilidae (2 species).
Factores predictivos de conversión de colecistectomía laparoscópica a abierta en pacientes de una clínica privada, 2017
Authors: Contreras Alomía Emilio , Contreras Castro Flor
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: el estudio se desarrolló con el objetivo de determinar los factores predictivos de conversión de cirugía laparoscópica (CL) a cirugía abierta (CA) en una clínica privada. Materiales y Métodos: El estudio fue retrospectivo basado en la revisión de las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes sometidos a CL haciendo un total de 255 casos entre enero de 2012 y diciembre de 2016. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una tasa de conversión de 11.4%; el análisis de regresión logística reportó como mejores factores predictivos al diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda (OR=79.384, p=0.000), sexo (OR=6.246, p=0.002) y edad (OR=1.038, p=0.038). Conclusiones: Aunque existen otras variables que tienen relación significativa con la conversión de la cirugía, el análisis estadístico muestra estas tres variables como predictores.
Editorial
Authors: Matos Chamorro Rodrigo Alfredo
Published: October 2017

Editorial
A comparative evaluation of NPAs recovery mechanisms by Public sector Banks in India
Authors: Gupta Lovleen , Dharwal Mridul
Published: October 2017

A consistent increase in Non-performing assets (NPA) in the financial statements of various public sector banks has put several questions before policy makers and regulatory institutions with regard to functioning of banking system in India. Besides reflecting deteriorating financial health of banks, it also restricts the liberty of banks in adopting new strategies towards growth. Rather banks are required to adopt conservative approach in sanctioning new loans till the problem of NPAs is reasonably resolved. This study examines the growth of NPAs during the period 2001-02 to 2012-13 in public sector banks in India and the effectiveness of Lok Adalats, Debt Recovery Tribunals and SARFAESI Act, 2002 in solving the problems of NPAs.
Social Participation as a goal of the post-stroke rehabilitation program: a literature review
Authors: Souza Felipe Heylan Nogueira de , Filho Edson Meneses da Silva , Cezarino Leandro Gonçalves , Melo Egmar Longo Araújo de , Cacho Ênio Walker Azevedo
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Stroke is considered one of the leading causes of long-term disability worldwide. Physical, cognitive and psychological disabilities resulting from stroke can lead to a wide variety of activity limitations and participations restrictions. Objective: To verify the incidence of articles in the literature that used physiotherapy programs aimed at social participation and to analyze if these programs are based on domains of the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) in post-stroke people. Method: It was selected any type of study that presented post-stroke human sample over 18 years of age with no gender restriction, to be written in any language and year of publication, to have used physical rehabilitation as a form of treatment and social participation assessed by ICF as outcome. The descriptors and Boolean operators: stroke, rehabilitation, International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health, social participation, were used in the sample search strategy in database PEDro, PubMed, Web of Science and Scielo. Results: After applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, five articles remaining. Assessment tools for participation in daily and social activities were not consensual in the range of areas that needed to be addressed in stroke rehabilitation. A single study used the ICF-based design model in its program. Conclusion: There are few studies that have measured the various characteristics of social participation using the ICF as a tool. More studies are needed to create an ideal standardization and strategy that direct interventions to improve specific aspects of social participation, including the involvement in activities that provide post-stroke individuals interaction with society.
Intemperate weather in violent times – narratives from the Western Balkans during the Little Ice Age (17-18th centuries)
Authors: Mrgic J.
Published: October 2017

The paper aims to present narrative sources from the late phase of ‘Little Ice Age’ period for a part of the Southeastern Europe, which is still poorly investigated. In the lack of solid evidence, obtained by geo-sciences (dendrochronology, sediment and pollen analysis, records of instrumental measurements, etc.), the text relies on documentary ‘proxies’ derived from several chronicles and short notes. These accounts – from Dalmatian cities of Split and Makarska, Ottoman metropolis of Sarajevo, Franciscan monasteries in Kreševo (Bosnia) and in Šarengrad (Srem, after Habsburg re-conquest) – are unevenly distributed in time and geographical space, far from the quality of ‘weather diaries’, which existed elsewhere in Europe of this period. Nonetheless, the preserved sources verify in their own manner cumulative changes occurring throughout the region: people observed changes not only in high frequency of change of seasonal temperature and precipitation patterns and the scale, but more significantly, there was coupling of extreme weather events and heavy disturbances of weather patterns. Franciscan writers in Makarska and Kreševo repeatedly wrote how weather features and course of seasons were untimely, unexpected, sudden and detrimental, ‘suis temporibus non correspondens’, and how particular agricultural works could not be performed ‘ut moris est’, at the usual, traditional schedule, due to the weather perturbances. Adriatic summers turned extremely hot and dry, with long periods without any rain, while data from Šarengrad corroborate results obtain in the historical climatology for Hungary on the severity of winters and long period of frozen Danube River. Mulla Basheski’s records from Sarajevo yield information on Miljacka River flood events, in connection to both climate condition and land-use patterns. This paper is foremost an attempt to draw attention to research possibilities for the Western Balkans, and there are more documentary, narrative and archival sources to be further investigated, with collaborations among geoscientists and historians.
A Snapshot Survey of ICT Integration in South African Schools
Authors: Padayachee Keshnee
Published: October 2017

Information Communication Technology (ICT) integration in the classroom is often viewed as a panacea towards resolving South Africa’s education challenges. However, ICT integration in education in South Africa has been severely limited by operational, strategic and pedagogic challenges. In part, addressing the strategic and operational challenges involves understanding the current landscape of ICT integration in schools. There is scant information on the practical enforcement of ICTs in the classroom. The aim of this research is to determine the extent of ICT usage in South African schools in order to obtain an understanding of the practical enforcement of ICTs at the school level. This study combines both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods in order to provide a rich nuanced perspective of ICT integration in South African schools. The study found that the uptake of technology remains low, on average the frequency of usage per tool type was as follows: contextual tools (41%), sharing information and ideas tools (29%), experiential tools (26%) and reflective dialogue tools (18%). It was found that teachers are uncertain with respect to the enforcement of e-education while being encumbered by poor infrastructure and lack of skills.
A conceptual framework to understand teachers’ Professional Dispositions and Orientation towards tablet technology in secondary schools
Authors: Sackstein Suzanne , Slonimsky Lynne
Published: October 2017

While recent technological innovations have resulted in calls to incorporate tablets into the classroom, schools have been criticised for not taking advantage of what the technology has to offer. Past research has shown that teachers do not automatically choose to adopt technology in the classroom. A number of concerns exist in relation to the research being conducted within this area. Firstly, the majority of research studies have not been based on sound conceptual frameworks. Secondly, for the most part, these research studies have tended to focus on the technology itself rather than the resulting changes in teaching and learning. Finally, much of the literature is premised on constructivist pedagogic practices which offer promissories of radical pedagogic change. An understanding of technology teachers’ orientations to the new technology, coupled with an understanding of the reasons behind teachers’ choices to adopt or not adopt technology has not yet been fully explored. From a review of the literature in relation to teachers’ Professional Dispositions, derived from the work of Bernstein on the pedagogic discourse, alongside Hooper and Rieber’s model on educational technology adoption a conceptual framework has been developed to will shed light on secondary school teachers’ differential adoption of tablet technology.
Insights into the use and affordances of social and collaborative applications for student projects
Authors: Bankole Omolola Ola , Venter Isabella
Published: October 2017

The use of social and collaborative computing has the potential of assisting learning and improving the ability to work together as part of a team. Team work is a graduate attribute that students need to acquire before transitioning from university into the workplace. The aim of this exploratory research was to provide insights into the use of social and collaborative applications by Computer Science students, and the emergent affordances student project teams have created with the use of these applications. It answers the questions: What elearning platforms or applications do students use to collaborate for team projects? What technology affordance draws students to use these applications? This study adopts affordance theory as the theoretical framework. Two types of content analysis: conventional content analysis and summative content analysis were used to analyse the data. Data was gathered using a pre-designed questionnaire with the teams during the first semester of 2016. Findings show that the university’s elearning platform is utilised for some of their courses; however students seem to prefer free and open source platforms. Student project teams used applications such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Dropbox, Google Drive, Google Docs, as well as email messages, to work jointly, and were successfully able to complete their team projects. Four types of technology affordances: communicative-affordance, document share-affordance, course resource-affordance, and integrity-affordance, were identified as being relevant.
Growing a cyber-safety culture amongst school learners in South Africa through gaming
Authors: Kritzinger Elmarie
Published: October 2017

Virtually all school learners today have access to ICT devices and the internet at home or at school. More and more schools are using ICT devices to improve education in South Africa. ICT devices and internet access have enormous advantages and assist learners in learning and teachers in teaching more successfully. However, with these advantages come numerous ICT and cyber-risks and threats that can harm learners, for example cyber-bullying, identity theft and access to inappropriate material. Currently, South Africa does not have a long-term plan to grow a cyber-safety culture in its schools. This research therefore proposes a short-term initiative in the form of a game-based approach, which will assist school learners in becoming more cyber safe and teach learners about the relevant cyber-related risks and threats. The research is based on a quantitative survey that was conducted among primary school learners to establish if the game-based approach would be a feasible short-term initiative. The aim of the research is to establish if a game based approach can be used to improve cyber-safety awareness. This approach was plotted into the required ICT and cyber-safety policy required by all schools.
Comportamiento de nematodos fitoparásitos en dos sistemas de cultivo de tomate convencional en Costa Rica
Authors: Durán-Mora Joaquín , Guzmán Tomás De Jesús
Published: October 2017

Esta investigación se realizó en los cantones de Grecia (tomate asociado con café) y Heredia (tomate en monocultivo) de la Región Occidental de Costa Rica, durante setiembre del 2012 y febrero del 2013. Los muestreos mensuales consistieron en recolectar suelo y raíces de tomate en monocultivo y áreas agrícolas con café. Mediante el método centrifugación - flotación se extrajeron, identificaron y cuantificaron los nematodos presentes. Los géneros (en suelo y raíces) fueron Meloidogyne, Helicotylenchus, Criconemoides, Pratylenchus, Aphelenchus.

Los primeros meses después del trasplante (DDT) las poblaciones de fitonematodos fueron bajas. A partir del cuarto mes DDT en áreas en asocio, las muestras de suelo sin oxamil, presentaron aumentos en poblaciones de Meloidogyne (48 a 7300 individuos) y Helicotylenchus (234 a 2100), mientras que en áreas con oxamil, las poblaciones de Meloidogyne se incrementaron de 50 a 2800. En raíces de tomate de áreas sin oxamil, se incrementaron las poblacionales de Meloidogyne (1625 individuos a 59200) y Helicotylenchus (2175 a 3800); y en zonas con oxamil, las poblacionales de Meloidogyne aumentaron de 3288 a 68467.

El tomate en monocultivo, a partir del cuarto mes DDT no presentó poblaciones de Meloidogyne en suelo, mientras que Helicotylenchus varía de 97 a 123. En raíces, las poblaciones de Meloidogyne varían de 17 a 52, y para Helicotylenchus de 405 a 392.

La presencia de agallas por Meloidogyne se hace más evidente al asociarse tomate con café, aumentando los niveles hasta el 90%. En áreas de tomate en monocultivo no se presentó agallas ni poblaciones de Meloidogyne.
Semi-Automatic Detection of Indigenous Settlement Features on Hispaniola through Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Sonnemann Till F. , Comer Douglas C. , Patsolic Jesse L. , Megarry William P. , Herrera Malatesta Eduardo , Hofman Corinne L.
Published: October 2017

Satellite imagery has had limited application in the analysis of pre-colonial settlement archaeology in the Caribbean; visible evidence of wooden structures perishes quickly in tropical climates. Only slight topographic modifications remain, typically associated with middens. Nonetheless, surface scatters, as well as the soil characteristics they produce, can serve as quantifiable indicators of an archaeological site, which can be detected by analysis of remote sensing imagery. A variety of data sets were investigated, with the intention to combine multispectral bands to feed a direct detection algorithm, providing a semi-automatic process to cross-correlate the datasets. Sampling was done using locations of known sites, as well as areas with no archaeological evidence. The pre-processed very diverse remote sensing data sets have gone through a process of image registration. The algorithm was applied in the northwestern Dominican Republic on areas that included different types of environments, chosen for having sufficient imagery coverage, and a representative number of known locations of indigenous sites. The resulting maps present quantifiable statistical results of locations with similar pixel value combinations as the identified sites, indicating higher probability of archaeological evidence. The results show the variable potential of this method in diverse environments.
Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol to Enhance Performance of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network: EECPEP-HWSN
Authors: Purkar Santosh , Deshpande Rajkumar S.
Published: October 2017

As Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network (HWSN) fulfill the requirements of researchers in the design of real life application to resolve the issues of unattended problem. But, the main constraint face by researchers is energy source available with sensor nodes. To prolong the life of sensor nodes and hence HWSN, it is necessary to design energy efficient operational schemes. One of the most suitable routing scheme is clustering approach, which improves stability and hence enhances performance parameters of HWSN. A novel solution proposed in this article is to design energy efficient clustering protocol for HWSN, to enhance performance parameters by EECPEP-HWSN. Propose protocol is designed with three level nodes namely normal, advance and super node respectively. In clustering process, for selection of cluster head we consider three parameters available with sensor node at run time i.e. initial energy, hop count and residual energy. This protocol enhance the energy efficiency of HWSN, it improves performance parameters in the form of enhance energy remain in the network, force to enhance stability period, prolong lifetime and hence higher throughput. It is been found that proposed protocol outperforms than LEACH, DEEC and SEP with about 188, 150 and 141 percent respectively.
Economics of Yam (Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea) Marketing: New Insights from Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria.
Authors: Bekun Festus Victor
Published: October 2017

This current study examines the economics of yam marketing in Bosso local government area of Niger State Nigeria, to this end, statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, marketing margin model, and regression analysis procedures was utilized as estimation techniques. The study relies on random sampling technique of selected 80 yam marketers. The motivation for this study, rest on the dominance of yam marketing operation in the study area as well as the need to chart a better and more efficient system of agricultural marketing for yam marketers in the sampled area. The empirical result reveals that an overwhelming majority (95.1%) of the marketers were 21-50 years of age with 6 years and above of marketing experience dominating (90%). However, most of the yam marketers started the business with capital base of N1,000- N20,000, it was also discovered was that majority (58.8%) of the marketers were female and within their active age with mean age of 35 years which goes to show that female can contribute to the responsibility of the family. The study also seeks to explore marketer’s preference for source of funding either from the formal institutions such as (Banks and Co-operatives) or the informal institutions (from friends or relatives) which is key in the effective and efficient in yam marketing. Finally, the study is set out to find out potential constraints to the attainment of the full gains of yam marketing in the study area and offer workable and visible remedy.
A New Visual Attention Model Designed for SAR Images Based on Texture Saliency
Authors: Xiong Wei , Xu Yongli , Lv Yafei , Yao Libo
Published: October 2017

Targets detection in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing images, which is a fundamental but challenging problem in the field of satellite image analysis, plays an important role for a wide range of applications and is receiving significant attention in recent years. Besides, the ability of human visual system to detect visual saliency is extraordinarily fast and reliable. However, computational modeling of SAR image scene still remains a challenge. This paper analyzes the defects and shortcomings of traditional visual models applied to SAR images. Then a visual attention model designed for SAR images is proposed. The model draws the basic framework of classical ITTI model; selects and extracts the texture features and other features that can describe the SAR image better. We proposes a new algorithm for computing the local texture saliency of the input image, then the model constructs the corresponding saliency maps of features; Next, a new mechanism of feature fusion is adopted to replace the linear additive mechanism of classical models to obtain the overall saliency map; Finally, the gray-scale characteristics of focus of attention (FOA) in saliency map of all features are taken into account, our model choose the best saliency representation, Through the multi-scale competition strategy, the filter and threshold segmentation of the saliency maps can be used to select the salient regions accurately, thereby completing this operation for the visual saliency detection in SAR images. In the paper, several types of satellite image data, such as TerraSAR-X (TS-X), Radarsat-2, are used to evaluate the performance of visual models. The results show that our model provides superior performance compared with classical visual models. By further contrasting with the classical visual models, Our model reduce the false alarm caused by speckle noise, and its detection speed is greatly improved, and it is increased by 25% to 45%.
Aerosol Depolarization Ratio Measurement Capabilities for an Elastic LIDAR: Implementation and First Measurements
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Alejandro , Sicard Michaël , Granados-Muñoz María-José , Ben Chahed Enis , Muñoz-Porcar Constantino , Barragan Rubén , Comeron Adolfo , Rocadenbosch Francesc , Vidal Eric
Published: October 2017

A new approach to the measurement with elastic lidar of depolarization produced by atmospheric aerosols is presented. The system uses two different telescopes: one for depolarization measurements and another for total-power measurements. The system architecture and principle of operation are described. The first experimental results are also presented, corresponding to a collection of atmospheric conditions over the city of Barcelona.
Kendala Adopsi Benih Bersertifikat untuk Usahatani Kentang
Authors: Sayaka Bambang , Hestina Juni
Published: October 2017

English
Most potato farmers in Indonesia do not adopt certified potato seed. Relatively expensive price of certified seed is the main reason the farmers apply the seed produced by themselves. In general, prices of potato produced using certified seed and those produced using uncertified seed are relatively equal. The farmers who regularly apply certified seed are those having partnership with the potato processor. High risk of potato seed production discourages the certified seed producers to produce it in sufficient amount for market supply. Less cost of certified seed production and improved potato selling price will enhance farmers’ adoption of certified seed. The government needs to empower the farmers to produce quality seed by themselves through informal seed system development rather than they have to depend on commercial certified-seed produced by the formal seed industry.

 

Indonesian
Adopsi benih kentang bermutu oleh petani kentang di berbagai daerah relatif rendah. Harga benih kentang bersertifikat yang relatif lebih mahal dibanding benih kentang yang dibuat sendiri oleh petani merupakan alasan utama petani tidak menggunakan benih bersertifikat. Harga kentang yang berasal dari benih buatan sendiri dibanding harga kentang yang berasal dari benih bersertifikat jika dijual ke pasar umum harganya relatif sama. Penggunaan benih kentang bersertifikat dilakukan petani terutama untuk kemitraan dengan prosesor kentang. Risiko tinggi dalam memproduksi benih kentang bersertifikat merupakan disinsentif bagi penangkar benih kentang untuk berproduksi dalam jumlah yang memadai. Kemudahan dalam menangkarkan benih bersertifikat dan membaiknya harga jual kentang akan meningkatkan adopsi petani terhadap benih kentang bersertifikat. Pemerintah juga harus berinisiatif agar petani secara mandiri bisa menghasilkan benih kentang bermutu melalui pengembangan sistem benih informal dan tidak harus bergantung pada benih kentang komersial yang dihasilkan industri benih formal.
The Role of Post Harvest Handling on Rice Quality in Indonesia
Authors: Swastika Dewa Ketut Sadra
Published: October 2017

Indonesian
Beras berfungsi sebagai makanan pokok dan bahan baku berbagai produk pangan lainnya yang memerlukan kualitas tertentu. Perbaikan kualitas beras tidak memberikan insentif bagi petani dan pedagang di Indonesia, khususnya melalui perontokan, pengeringan, dan penggilingan. Di pihak lain, sebagian besra negara-negara penghasil padi member perhatian lebih pada peningkatan kualitas beras. Kualitas beras meliputi sifat-sifat fisik yang mempengaruhi penampilan maupun sifat-sifat kimia yang menentukan kualitas jika dimasak. Proses produksi, pasca panen, penggilingan dan pemasaran mempengaruhi kualitas beras. Peningkatan kualitas beras akan menguntungkan produsen maupun konsumen beras. Agar pedagang beras bersedia melakukan pasca panen secara baik diperlukan insentif harga yang memadai untuk gabah kering giling dan beras, misalnya harga pembelian oleh pemerintah. Teknologi pasca panen juga harus diperbaiki agar kualitas beras yang dihasilkan menjadi lebih baik.

 

English
Aside from being a staple food, rice also has many uses, especially for food industry. Various rice uses require quality evaluation according to the requirement for a specific end use. Whether rice is acceptable for an intended use is determined by quality testing based on a fixed set of criteria. In Indonesia, the main problem of rice quality improvement is the absence of incentive for farmers and traders to improve rice quality, especially through proper threshing, drying, and milling. On the other hands, most rice producing countries are currently paying more attention to the development of post harvest handling and processing to ensure higher rice grain quality. Rice quality is multidimensional. It includes both physical characteristics that influence appearance, and chemical characteristics that determine cooking quality. Thus, rice grain quality is determined by: production process, post harvest handling, milling and marketing techniques. Among rice post harvest handling, proper threshing, drying, milling, and storage are the key points to produce good quality rice. Rice quality improvement is expected to increase national welfare by raising the value of rice to either consumers or producers. In order to encourage rice businessmen to do the proper post harvest handling, there should be attractive price incentives policy for selling dried paddy (GKG) and milled rice (beras). Price incentive could be in the form of government purchasing price (HPP). In other words, there should be an attractive incentive to do a proper threshing, drying and rice milling by using improved technology in order to produce high quality rice.
Pengorganisasian Secara Personal dan Gejala Individualisasi Organisasi sebagai Karakter Utama Pengorganisasian Diri Petani di Indonesia
Authors: Syahyuti NFN
Published: October 2017

English
Explaining how farmers conduct their farm business is trapped in organization theory and analysis, so far. This paper applies concept and theory of new institutionalism understanding which focuses social relation as the most basic object of analysis. It is found that farmers’ organizations in Indonesia are unique indicated by organization individualization as the real fact of formal farmers’ organization. This symptom is not observed if it employs organization analysis. It comes from the previous farmers’ organizations before the formal organization is acknowledged, namely personalized organizing. These two findings are based on recognizing that farmers are rational, creative social actors using all institution and organization resources for running their farm business. In the future, empowering farmers is carried out through offering other types than formal organization for more effective social relation.

 

Indonesian
Penjelasan tentang bagaimana petani menjalankan usaha pertaniannya selama ini terperangkap hanya pada teori dan analisis organisasi. Berbeda dengan ini, tulisan berikut menggunakan konsep dan teori dari pemahaman Kelembagaan Baru (New Institutionalism), dengan menjadikan relasi sosial (social relation) sebagai objek yang paling pokok dan elementer dalam analisisnya. Melalui paham ini ditemukan pola pengorganisasian yang khas pada petani di Indonesia saat ini yakni gejala “individualisasi organisasi” yang merupakan fakta sesungguhnya dalam organisasi-organisasi formal milik petani. Gejala ini tidak terlihat jika menggunakan analisis organisasi. Sesungguhnya bentuk ini berakar dari pola pengorganisasian diri petani dahulu sebelum dikenal organisasi formal, yakni “pengorganisasian secara personal”. Kedua temuan ini muncul dengan menggunakan basis pemahaman bahwa petani adalah aktor sosial yang rasional-kreatif yang menggunakan berbagai sumberdaya lembaga dan organisasi sebagai modal dalam menjalankan usahanya. Ke depan, pemberdayaan petani semestinya memberi peluang kepada bentuk-bentuk lain selain organisasi formal, karena relasi sosial yang efektif tidak hanya berlangsung dalam organisasi formal.
Peran Strategis Penyuluh Swadaya dalam Paradigma Baru Penyuluhan Pertanian Indonesia
Authors: Syahyuti NFN
Published: October 2017

English
Involvement of farmers as actors to support extension activities have been underway for a long time with various approaches. In Indonesia, it started from the involvement of Kontak Tani (Advanced Farmers) in Supra Insus era, then farmer to farmer extension at P4S, as well as Penyuluh Swakarsa (Independent Extension Workers)” (in 2004), and the latest is Penyuluh Swadaya (Self-Help Agricultural Extension Workers) since 2008. The existence of self-help farmer extension workers are recognized since the enactment of Law No. 16/2006 on Extension System of Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries. However, even though it runs nearly 10 years, the development of the role of self-help farmer extension workers is not optimal. This paper is a review of various posts including the recent research on self-help farmer extension workers and it aims to study the potential and problems of self-help farmer extension workers. It shows that the self-help farmer extension workers have a self-help capabilities and distinctive social position and they have to get right role. Appropriate support should be given to self-help farmer extension workers as the agricultural extension worker in the future and it must be distinguished between the government and private extension workers.

 

Indonesian
Pelibatan petani sebagai pendukung dan pelaku langsung dalam kegiatan penyuluhan telah berlangsung cukup lama dengan berbagai pendekatan. Di Indonesia, hal ini dimulai dari pelibatan kontak tani pada era Bimas sampai Supra Insus, lalu pendekatan “penyuluhan dari petani ke petani” (farmer to farmer extension) di P4S, serta pengangkatan penyuluh swakarsa (tahun 2004), dan terakhir penyuluh swadaya (sejak tahun 2008). Keberadaan penyuluh swadaya diakui secara resmi semenjak diundangkannya UU No. 16 tahun 2006 tentang Sistem Penyuluhan Pertanian, Kehutanan dan Perikanan. Namun, meskipun sudah berjalan hampir 10 tahun, perkembangan peran penyuluh swadaya belum optimal. Tulisan ini merupakan review dari berbagai tulisan termasuk penelitian tentang penyuluh swadaya terakhir, untuk mempelajari potensi dan permasalahan penyuluh pertanian swadaya saat ini. Ditemukan bahwa penyuluh swadaya memiliki kapabilitas dan posisi sosial yang khas, sehingga batasan perannya mestilah diberikan secara tepat. Dukungan yang tepat harus diberikan kepada penyuluh swadaya sebagai sosok penyuluh pertanian yang strategis di masa mendatang, yang mesti dibedakan dengan penyuluh pemerintah dan penyuluh swasta.