bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the synergistic antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine solution 0.2% and phosphoric acid gel 37% against Streptococcus mutans during fissure sealant therapy: An in vitro study
Authors: Sharifi Maryam , Sayadizadeh Mahsa , Poureslami Parnian , Hatami Nima , Sarmadi Zeinab , Dehghanian Mohammad Ali , Poureslami Hamidreza
Published: December 2024

Background: Pit and fissure sealant therapy is widely used to prevent caries of the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth. In this treatment, failure is not uncommon. Streptococcus mutans is the most important bacterium that initiates and progresses caries lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the synergizing antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine solution 0.2% and phosphoric acid gel 37% against S. mutans during fissure sealant therapy to reduce the risk of failure. The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the effects of the materials. This method has been applied in many studies. Methods: The antibacterial effect of the two materials was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. S. mutans was acquired from the Iranian Industrial Bacteria and Fungi Collection Center (code ATCC35668) and was cultured in a laboratory environment on three plates containing a blood agar culture medium. In each plate were placed four discs: a disc that had been soaked in 0.2% chlorhexidine solution, a disc that had been soaked in 37% phosphoric acid, a disc that had been soaked in sterile distilled water as a negative control, and a disc containing ciprofloxacin antibiotic as a positive control. The plates were placed in the incubator for specific periods. The diameter of the bacteria inhibition halo around the test and control discs was measured and compared with each other. SPSS 26 statistical software was used for data analysis. The Mann-Whitney test was performed, and descriptive statistics were used to describe the halo of the bacterial inhibition growth. Results: Phosphoric acid gel 37% showed significant anti-S. mutans effect. The antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine 0.2% solution was also comparable to that of the positive control disc. Conclusion: Applying chlorhexidine solution on the occlusal surfaces shortly before the sealant therapy can reduce the risk of decay under the sealants.
METHODS OF OBTAINING SMALL DIAMETER HOLES IN THE MANUFACTURING OF ROCKET ENGINE FILTER ELEMENTS
Authors: Ryazantseva Elena , Kirillov Oleg , Kadyrmetov A.
Published: December 2024

The methods for producing holes in metal filters of various sizes are considered. The specifics of using electrical discharge and electron beam processing methods for punching holes are disclosed. The ways of ensuring the quality of the surface layer of parts in the process of manufacturing filter elements of liquid rocket engines are presented. In accordance with the processing methods considered in the work, the roughness parameters of the holes made on a sample simulator and the hydraulic characteristics of the filter element at a constant flow rate of the working medium are studied.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS REFLECTING DRIVERS' BEHAVIOR IN DIFFICULT ROAD CONDITIONS
Authors: Smolencev Vladislav , Izvekov Alexander , Starodubtsev Igor
Published: December 2024

The article considers the state of scientific technological research and promising ways of its application in the mechanical engineering of the country. The results of research by domestic scientists in recent years are presented and areas of work for the subsequent period are outlined. Strengthening of scientific ties between scientists and manufacturers with the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of development and application of combined processing methods is noted. The place of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies in their application in the process of development and production of domestic technological equipment is determined. Priority areas of using combined processing methods in special machine tool building are shown. Areas of successful development of mechanical engineering in the country are substantiated taking into account the achievements of the aerospace industry. Recommendations for the design of technological modes of combined processing of typical parts are given. The possibility of improving the quality of products by applying coatings with justification for the use of new working environments and the implementation of research results using the criteria of the theory of industrial manufacturability is substantiated.
THE EFFECT OF THE CHARACTERIS-TICS OF THE CENTER DIFFERENTIAL ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF TORQUES BETWEEN THE DRIVING AXLES OF AN ALL-WHEEL DRIVE CAR
Authors: Volkov Vladimir , Lebedev Evgenii , Mitrohin Evgeniy
Published: December 2024

The scheme of the influence of the locking coefficient of the center differential on the distribution of torques between the drive axles of a four-wheel drive car and the tangential reactions on the drive wheels that occur in this case is considered. At the same time, the influence of the deformation characteristics of elastic tires when moving road bumps is taken into account.
INFLUENCE OF MODERN BRAKING SYSTEMS ON VEHICLE BRAKING PARAMETERS DURING ACCIDENT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Barnovi Natalia , Shavrina Valentina
Published: December 2024

The article notes the importance of the problem concerning the number of road accidents, as well as the conduct of high-quality road expertise, describes the methodology of the experiment, presents the obtained results, and conducts a comparative analysis with standard values. During the study, it was decided to experimentally obtain the values of the established deceleration on vehicles equipped with auxiliary braking systems and without them. Thus, thanks to the study, the influence of modern braking systems on the braking process of a vehicle was determined.
DESIGN OF TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE SURFACE LAYER UNDER THERMAL INFLUENCE ON THE WORKPIECE
Authors: Suhorukov Vladimir , Kuc Vadim , Milinchuk Kirill , Smolentsev Evgeny
Published: December 2024

The article presents the design of a technology for improving the quality of the surface layer under thermal action on the workpiece. A method is considered that allows achieving a high level of hardening without applying a coating layer to the surface. The results of studies on surface hardening without applying a layer of material are presented.
Packing Unequal Circles into a Minimum-Radius Circle Using r-Algorithm
Authors: Zadorozhnyi Bohdan , Romanova Tetyana , Stetsyuk Petro , Tyvodar Stanislav , Shekhovtsov Sergiy
Published: December 2024

Two approaches to employ the Shor’s r-algorithm for solving a problem of packing unequal circles into a minimum-radius circle are studied.
The first approach uses multistart of the r-algorithm with a step dichotomy from a set of feasible starting points. Each feasible point is taken as the best solution found by a heuristic algorithm. Two versions of the algorithm are considered. For the first version, the step value is halved during the iteration process. The second version provides an option that allows to restore the maximum value of the r-algorithm step value. The algorithm is implemented using Rust 1.70.0 programming language and nalgebra 0.32.3 library. Both versions of the algorithm are tested for 50 test problems of the international competition “Dense packing of circles in a circle of minimum radius” to improve the results found by the heuristic. In most cases, the second version showed better solutions.
The second approach employs the r-algorithm with an adaptive step to find the best local minimum of a multiextremal nonsmooth function using multistart strategy from a set of randomly chosen starting points. It is implemented using Julia programming language and uses large numbers (128 and 256 bits). Computational experiments are tested for a benchmark problem with five circles. These results are compared to the problem solutions provided on the website http://www.packomania.com/. It is shown that increasing the bit depth leads to decreasing the number of the r-algorithm iterations while increasing the accuracy of the objective function value. With correctly chosen parameters, the r-algorithm finds all 28 digits after the decimal point, which are presented on the website http://www.packomania.com/. Keywords: circle packing, r-algorithm, heuristic algorithm, Rust, Julia.
Selective Mutism in Elementary School Children: Do Gadgets Play a Role?
Authors: Ubaidillah Sofwan Roiif , Usriyah Lailatul , Mu’allimin Mu’allimin
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the phenomenon of selective mutism in elementary school children and the role of gadget use in influencing the condition. Selective mutism is an anxiety disorder characterized by the inability of children to speak in certain environments, such as school, although they can communicate fluently in more familiar environments. Excessive use of gadgets is known to worsen selective mutism because it reduces direct social interaction, increases levels of social anxiety, and interferes with children's concentration. The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of selective mutism and evaluate the impact of gadget use on the disorder. Using a qualitative approach through interviews and observations of students at SDN Kaliwates 01 Jember, this study explored the factors that influence selective mutism, especially in relation to the impact of gadgets on increasing anxiety and limited communication in children. The results showed a relationship between gadget use and increased symptoms of selective mutism. Support from parents and schools was found to have a crucial role in regulating gadget use and improving children's social skills. This study recommends limiting gadget use and children's participation in social activities as an effort to help them gradually overcome selective mutism and build confidence in communicating in a wider social environment.
The Nature of Science in Ontological Studies
Authors: Fransistyawan Rioga , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Widiastuti Widia
Published: December 2024

The nature of science has become one of the main themes in philosophical studies, particularly from an ontological perspective. Ontology, as a branch of philosophy that discusses existence and reality, views science as a systematic effort by humans to understand the existing reality. In the ontological framework, science is identified through the existence of the subject of study, the fundamental properties of the reality being examined, and the relationship between the subject (human) and the object being studied. This research is a library study, which means that the research uses library sources such as books, journals, and articles to analyze and support the study of the Nature of Science regarding Ontological Studies. The data analysis used is content analysis. The results of this research indicate that there are 5 schools of thought within the study of ontology that explain the nature of knowledge.
Improvement of device performance of solution-processed multilayered LEDs with QD/polymer blend as the emission layer
Authors: Itoh Eiji , Sekino Taisuke
Published: December 2024

We fabricated the solution-processed multilayered light-emitting diodes having the colloidal quantum dots/ polymer blend as an emitting layer (QD-LEDs) with the inverted organic LED structure. We proposed the multilayered electron injection layers consisting of 4,7-Dimethoxy-1,10-phenanthroline (p-MeO-Phen) on ZnO nanoparticles, and the multilayers of ZnO:p-MeO-Phen blend (1st EIL) and the heat-treated Zr (IV) acetylacetonate (Zr(acac)4) as a 2nd EIL. We achieved a higher material utilization rate and multilayered structure by combining the meniscus coating and transfer printing techniques. We then fabricated the QD-LEDs consisting of ITO/ZnO or ZnO:p-MeO-Phen blend (1st EIL)/2nd EIL/QD: polymer blend/polyvinylcarbazole (PVCz)/Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-N-(4-sec-butylphenyl)-diphenylamine) (TFB)/hole injection layer/Anode (Al or Ag). We compared the device performance of QD blended with PVCz and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The thickness of the QD layer was controlled between 1 and 3 QD layers by repeating the meniscus coating and transfer printing. The work function of ZnO was reduced by p-MeO-Phen and the threshold voltage was reduced from 4.9 V to 2.95 V. The peak value of EQE was improved from 1.14% to 3.1% by insertion of Zr(acac)4 probably owing to the reduction of leakage current and exciton quenching.
Analisis Peningkatan Kinerja Pegawai Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Bintan Dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Yang Baik (Good Governance)
Authors: Lestari Puji , Indrawan Muhamad Gita , Friadi John , Wibisono Chablullah , Satriawan Bambang , Ngaliman Ngaliman
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the influence of leadership style, work discipline and HR competency on the performance of Bintan Regency Regional Secretariat employees with job satisfaction as mediation.
Results/findings: The results of the study showed that there was a significant and positive influence between the leadership style, work discipline on job satisfaction and employee performance. Meanwhile, competence does not affect job satisfaction but affects employee performance. Job satisfaction cannot moderate the influence of leadership style and HR competence on employee performance, but it can moderate work discipline on employee performance.
Faktor Determinan Earnings Response Coefficient pada Perusahaan Energy
Authors: Sukendra Christian , Suhendah Rousilita
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the influence of the leverage, growth opportunity, and firm size on Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) on the energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022
Methodology/approach: This research approach used quantitative research with descriptive research type. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling method to obtain 47 energy companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. The independent variables used in this study are leverage, growth opportunity, and firm size. Earnings Response Coefficient serves as the dependent variable in this research. This study employs panel data with a Fixed Effect Model regression. The data used has passed the classical assumption tests.
Results/findings: The study results show that the growth opportunity has a positive and significant influence on the earnings response coefficient. However, the leverage and firm size do not have affect on the the earnings response coefficient.
Limitations: This study has limitations as it was conducted only in the energy sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with an observation period of five years. The independent variables used are leverage, growth opportunity, and firm size. The Earnings Response Coefficient, as the dependent variable, is measured by regressing unexpected earnings against cumulative abnormal returns. Future research is expected to use other independent variables, such as capital structure, conservatism, and earnings persistence.
Contribution: This research can be used for adding knowledge in the financial field, especially for those who want to invest in a company by analyzing the Earnings Response Coefficient, which reflects the market's reaction to the company's earnings. This study contributes by showing that investors pay more attention to a company's growth opportunity when evaluating its earnings. This is because growth opportunity reflect the company's potential to generate profits. Investors are more interested when the company's profits are distributed in the form of dividends. However, investors also do not overlook other factors that could lead to speculation, which may impact the company's earnings.
Interaksi Komunikatif Antarbudaya dalam Dinamika Masyarakat Multikultural di Kota Medan (Studi Kasus pada Masyarakat India dan Masyarakat Penduduk Asli di Kampung Madras)
Authors: Sari Nur Lela , Arifin Hadi Suprapto , Mulyana Slamet
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji interaksi komunikatif antarbudaya yang terjadi di Kampung Madras, Kota Medan, sebuah lingkungan yang dipenuhi dengan keanekaragaman etnis dan budaya. Fokus utama penelitian adalah pada hubungan antara masyarakat India dan masyarakat penduduk asli dalam konteks masyarakat multikultural yang kompleks. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa interaksi komunikatif antarbudaya di Kampung Madras mencerminkan adanya proses adaptasi dan integrasi budaya yang dinamis. Masyarakat India dan penduduk asli secara aktif mengembangkan strategi komunikasi yang melibatkan penggunaan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa utama, sekaligus mempertahankan dan menghormati bahasa dan simbol budaya masing-masing. Tantangan dalam interaksi antarbudaya, seperti stereotip dan prasangka, yang kadang-kadang mempengaruhi dinamika hubungan sosial di Kampung Madras. Meskipun demikian, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui dialog terbuka, kerja sama lintas budaya, dan partisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi, kedua kelompok masyarakat dapat menciptakan lingkungan yang inklusif dan harmonis.
Ensemble Stacking Method of Classifying the Stages of Alzheimer's Disease by using MRI Dataset
Authors: Nagarathna  , Kusuma  , Huliyappa Harsha
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder that gradually impairs an individual's memory, reasoning, and ability to perform daily tasks. Early and accurate diagnosis of AD is essential for effective intervention, yet remains challenging due to the complexity of its progression. This study explores the use of an ensemble stacking approach to evaluate the effectiveness of transfer learning techniques in classifying various stages of Alzheimer's disease. Unlike traditional methods that directly analyze raw brain images, this research implements a preprocessing technique using the Markov Random Field method to extract the brain tissues specifically affected by AD. These segmented brain tissues are then utilized to train base models, consisting of three convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with varying configurations. The predictions of these base models are ensembled and further refined through a second-level meta-model to enhance classification accuracy. The proposed ensemble stacking framework was evaluated using an MRI dataset obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), which contains images categorized into Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Healthy Control (HC) groups. The meta-model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an average accuracy of 97%, along with high precision, recall, and F1 scores. This study highlights the potential of ensemble learning and transfer learning in advancing AD diagnosis, offering a robust and efficient approach for categorizing its various stages based on medical imaging data.
A Proposed Multilayer Perceptron Model and Kernel Principal Analysis Component for the Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Iliyas Iliyas Ibrahim , Boukari Souley , Gital Abdulsalam Ya’u
Published: December 2024

unfortunately, this stage is mostly detected at a late stage, leading to dialysis or transplantation. Early detection is important for the effective management of CKD. ML has shown success in the early prediction of CKD by using an algorithm that learns and predicts without being programmed. ML requires appropriate datasets for this process, and one of the aspects is dimensionality reduction, which addresses the challenges of unnecessary tests, high-cost tests and the use of redundant tests. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a widely used method for dimensionality reduction; however, it relies on linear transformation to identify relationships within features. Medical datasets such as CKD exhibit complex nonlinear features, which is important for exploring alternative dimensionality reduction methods that can rely on nonlinear transformation. This study aims to propose an ML approach that utilises kernel PCA to reduce dimensionality based on nonlinearity structures and enhance the prediction of CKD. We evaluated seven ML models on the different kernel functions of PCA. The ML models included random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XgBoost), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), logistic regression (LR), and gradient boosting. The kernel functions used for dimensionality reduction are cosine principal component analysis (CPCA), polynomial principal component analysis (PPCA), radial basis principal component analysis (RPCA), sigmoid principal component analysis (SPCA) and linear principal component analysis (LPCA). The results of the study revealed that the MLP with RPCA, SPCA and CPCA achieved good performance in predicting CKD, with an accuracy score of 99% on DB1, and that the MLP with RPCA and SPCA achieved good performance in predicting CKD, with an accuracy score of 100% on DB2. The study showed how kernel PCA, which effectively reduces high dimensionality-based nonlinearity relationships, can positively affect the performance of predictive models and the power of dimensionality reduction toward disease prediction.
Physicochemical Qualities of Groundwater near Solid Waste Disposal Site in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: U Ezeibe, A. , M Ekwuonu, A. , O Nwadiogbu, J. , C Nleonu, E.
Published: December 2024

Groundwater aquifer from solid waste dumpsites is probable of discharging toxic pollutant to groundwater which is unsafe to human health and local ecosystem. This study was conducted to examine the physicochemical qualities of groundwater around solid waste dumpsite in Aba, Abia State during wet and dry seasons. The physicochemical analysis of the groundwater samples was determined in accordance with the standards of the American Public Health Association (APHA). The results obtained from the groundwater samples were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) permissible limit of those studied parameters in drinking water. The physicochemical values obtained from the groundwater around the dumpsite in both season shows that some of the tested parameters existed in values higher than both WHO and NSDWQ standards for drinking water quality. The results also showed that the concentrations of cadmium, aluminum, iron and zinc were within the WHO and NSDWQ standard, whereas, the concentrations of chromium, copper and lead exceeded the WHO and NSDWQ standards for drinking water quality in both studied seasons. Findings from this study suggest that dumpsite solid waste could impact negatively on some physicochemical qualities of groundwater sited around their vicinity. Therefore, the location of solid waste dumpsites around residential areas should be discouraged.
Pattern of Organisms and Their Sensitivity in Patients Suffering from UTI Attending in a Private Chamber-A Perspective Study from 2021-2023
Authors: Akhter Dr. Parul , Sultana Dr. Sharmin , Sultana Dr. Masuda , Habiba Dr. Zinat , Tamanna Dr. Jesika Rizvi
Published: December 2024

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent bacterial infections with a considerable impact on healthcare systems. Given the increasing antibiotic resistance globally, particularly in high-frequency regions such as Bangladesh, identifying prevalent pathogens and understanding their resistance patterns is essential for effective treatment. Objective: This study aims to analyze the common pathogens causing UTIs in a private outpatient setting in Bangladesh and evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility profiles to guide empirical therapy and enhance local treatment protocols. Methodology: This three-year prospective observational study (2021-2023) involved 58 UTI patients from a private chamber in Bangladesh. Urine samples were cultured, and bacterial isolates were identified and tested for antibiotic susceptibility to commonly used drugs, including cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones. Data on organism frequency, resistance, and sensitivity were analyzed. Results: Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (58.6%), followed by Klebsiella spp. (20.7%) and Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (13.8%). High sensitivity was observed for E. coli to Imipenem (100%) and Meropenem (96%), while significant resistance was noted to Ciprofloxacin (48.5%) and Cefixime (48%). MSSA and Klebsiella spp. similarly showed high susceptibility to carbapenems, with notable resistance to fluoroquinolones in MSSA. Conclusion: The high prevalence of E. coli as the primary UTI pathogen and its resistance patterns in this private setting underscore the necessity of targeted antibiotic selection. The study advocates for carbapenems in cases with suspected resistance and highlights the importance of regular sensitivity testing and antibiotic stewardship in outpatient settings to improve patient outcomes and mitigate resistance.
A Study on Clinical Characteristics of Locally Advanced HNSCC Patients
Authors: Majumder Dr. Rumana Afroz , Bayzid Dr. Khandaker Md. Rezwan , Anika Dr. Afsana Sharmin
Published: December 2024

Background: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from the mucosal linings of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Locally advanced HNSCC (LA-HNSCC), encompassing stages III and IV, involves large tumors and regional lymph node metastases without distant spread, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Understanding the clinical features of LA-HNSCC is crucial for improving treatment strategies and patient outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with LA-HNSCC and their impact on treatment outcomes, specifically comparing the TPLF and LFP regimens. Methods: An experimental study was conducted at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College & Hospital from January to December 2015, involving 60 patients with LA-HNSCC. Patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (TPLF or LFP regimens) followed by concurrent chemoradiation. Data was collected through patient interviews, clinical evaluations, and laboratory tests. The primary outcome measures were tumor regression, clinical response, and acute toxicities. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The majority of patients were male (80% in Arm A and 77% in Arm B) and over 50 years old. Smoking prevalence was high (83.3% in Arm A and 80% in Arm B). The most common primary tumor sites were the oral cavity (Arm A: 30%, Arm B: 33.3%) and oropharynx (Arm A: 23.3%, Arm B: 26.7%). Neck node swelling, pain, dysphagia, and weight loss were the most frequent clinical complaints. No statistically significant differences were found between the two treatment arms in terms of age, smoking, occupation, ECOG performance status, or histological grading. Conclusion: Both TPLF and LFP regimens provided similar outcomes in terms of clinical characteristics and treatment response in patients with LA-HNSCC. These results suggest that the choice between TPLF and LFP regimens may not significantly influence treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to explore additional factors affecting treatment efficacy and refine therapeutic strategies for LA-HNSCC.
A Concept Analysis of Novice Faculty
Authors: Alanazi Dr. Fadiyah Jadid
Published: December 2024

A concept analysis is an in-depth examination of a phenomenon of interest as it relates to various disciplines. The literature lacks a clear definition of the concept of novice faculty; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze and develop an operational definition of novice faculty through the methodology of Walker and Avant (2011). A literature search was conducted using four selected databases: PsycINFO, Computers and Applied Sciences, CINAHL, and ERIC, resulting in a total of 19 articles chosen and reviewed. Based on this concept, attributes, antecedents, and consequences were applied, as displayed in the concept map. A model case demonstrates all the defining attributes of the concept. Additionally, borderline and contrary cases are provided to illustrate distinctions among defining attributes. The analysis led to the following definition: A novice faculty member is a neophyte who works in a new culture and lacks experience in both theoretical and practical skills associated with the nurse educator role in the academic environment. The importance of the novice concept to the profession of nursing is highlighted through its implications for nursing science, education, and practice. The outcome of this analysis—the development of a conceptual definition of novice faculty—should be viewed not as a finished product but as a foundational step toward understanding the concept.
Diagnostics of the most dangerous potato and soybean viruses in 2024 as the first stage in the search for donors of genes responsible for resistance to viruses
Authors: Dunich A. , Kyrychenko S. , Mishchenko I. , Molodchenkova O. , Bondus R. , Dashenko A. , Mishchenko L.
Published: December 2024

Goal. Visual, serological and molecular diagnostics of viruses affecting soybean and potato in some regions of Ukraine were carried out in this work.
Methods. The study used the method of visual diagnosis, the presence of viruses in plant samples was carried out using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription.
Results. Potato plants were observed for the presence of potato virus Y (PVY). Damage to plants in the investigated agrocenosis was established as 36.6%. Testing of soybean plants from Kyiv, Odesa, and Poltava regions for the presence of three viruses (soybean mosaic virus (SMV), cowpea soft spot virus (CPMMV), and bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV)) showed no infection with CPMMV and BYMV. Among the three investigated viruses, the presence of SMV was detected; the damage of plants by this virus is 39.7%.
Conclusions. Our study showed that SMV circulates on soybean plants and PVY on potato plants in the studied agrocenosis. According to the results of the work, it was established that about 2/3 of the examined varieties and plant breeding samples are not infected with SMV and PVY, which makes them prospective candidates for the search for genes responsible for resistance to these viruses.
Endoparasite of pupae of the chestnut transient moth
Authors: Borzykh O. , Bashchenko M. , Fedorenko A. , Fedorenko V. , Shita O. , Chaika V.
Published: December 2024

Goal. To conduct a search for endoparasites of pupae of the chestnut transient moth in natural conditions, to determine their species composition, biological and ecological features.
Methods. Laboratories. Research was carried out during 2022—2023 in the pesticide application laboratory of the Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Sciences. Collection of leaves was carried out in the Kyiv region (Obuhiv district) and the city of Kyiv (Gryshka botanical garden).
Results. In the course of the study, it was established that from 1.0 kg of collected fallen leaves of common bitter chestnut at the first location (Kyiv region, Obukhivskyi district), 1.676 chestnut moth pupae were removed, of which 57.8% were females, and 42.2% were males. A total of 1.544 butterflies flew out (92.2% of the total number). As for the pupae from which the imagos of the chestnut transient moth did not emerge, 3.4% were infected with the entopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiona V. (which usually affects the plants in which the pupae are located), and from the rest (4.4%) the imagoes of the endoparasite Pediobius saulius W. (females — 2.6%, males — 1.8%). At the second location (Gryshko Botanical Garden), 1.569 pupae were selected (females — 56.2%, males — 43.8%), from which 1.498 butterflies (95.5%) fledged as a result, and the remaining 1.7% are infected with the entopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiona V. — 2.8% are infected with the endoparasite Pediobius saulius W. (females — 1.5%, males — 1.3%). Therefore, Pediobius saulius W. is a natural regulator of chestnut transient moth populations.
Conclusions. According to the results of the calculations, per 1.0 kg of fallen leaves of common bitter chestnut, the average number of pupae of the chestnut transient moth was 1622.0 individuals, of which 57% were females and 43% were males. Infection of pupae with the entopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiona V. — 2.55%, and infection with the endoparasite Pediobius saulius W. — 3.6%. The edoparosite belonged to the species Pediobius saulius (Walker, 1839), and its emergence in laboratory conditions was 10 days ahead of the emergence of the imago of the chestnut transient moth.
EFFECT OF MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE VERSUSPOSITIONAL RELEASE TECHNIQUE ON RECREATIONALFOOTBALL PLAYERS WITH CHRONIC ANKLE INSTABILITY-ACOMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Sidheek Fidha , Milton J. Andrews , Shajahan Amina , Jabir.S  , Arya P.V  , Parvathy G.M
Published: December 2024

Background of the study: Ankle sprain is a prevalent sportsinjury, predisposing to a high risk of suffering a sequel, hence leading to chronic ankle instability which showcases pain, reduced flexibility, strength, and neuromuscular function as main hindrances. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) to Positional Release Technique (PRT) in patients with chronic ankle instability and evaluate which gives a faster result in terms of measuring dynamic balance, functional limitation and EMG activity. Methodology: Based on the inclusion criteria, 30 subjects with CAI were divided into two groups of 15. Pre and post test conducted on modified Star Excursion Balance Test for dynamic balance, Foot Ankle Disability Index for functional limitation and Electromyography-Interference pattern for Gastrocnemius. One group was treated with MET (7–10s contraction at 20% max force – new restriction barrier –30s stretch-3 contractions) and cryotherapy and other with PRT (sensitivityreducedto70% and hold for 90 sec)2 and cryotherapy. Implemented in 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, lasting for 1 hour. Results & Conclusion: Statistically there was a significant difference in values of pre and post-test in both groups.However MET group showed a greater improvement and had a better impact in subjects with chronic ankle instability.
OBTAINING AND COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC SERUM TO YERSINIA PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS ANTIGEN, ISOLATED USING DIMETHYL SULPHOXIDE
Authors: Ivaschenko Sergey , Manieson Viktor , Petchenko Kseniya , Spiryahina Tat'yana , Larionova Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to obtain hyperimmune blood sera of guinea pig and rabbit using an antigen isolated from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cells using dimethyl sulfoxide, as well as to study the possibility of complex use of the obtained specific antibodies in indirect enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) for the detection of Yersinia. To obtain hyperimmune sera, a mixture of antigen and adjuvant was used in a ratio of 1:1. Proteins predominated in the composition of the antigen. It was administered to animals in the amount of 0.6 mg per guinea pig and 2 mg per rabbit. 1 % polyazolidinammonium modified with iodine hydrate ions was used as an adjuvant. Animals were immunized subcutaneously five times with an interval of 2 weeks. The resulting sera showed generic specificity in ELISA against Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (1:6400–1:25600). Their interaction with Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, Brucella abortus was insignificant (1:100–1:400). The complex use of specific hyperimmune blood sera from two animal species made it possible to conduct indirect ELISA for antigen detection. To do this, we adsorbed guinea pig antibodies on the surface of microplate wells. Then, with the help of rabbit serum, an indication of the antigen attached to the guinea pig antibodies adsorbed on the microplate was carried out. Rabbit antibodies were detected with a peroxidase antispecies conjugate. The complex use of experimental sera made it possible to detect enteropathogenic Yersinia in the accumulation medium even under conditions of significant fecal contamination of the test material already on the 3rd day of “cold enrichment”, provided that at least 50 Yersinia cells were added to 1 ml of the accumulation medium.
THE EFFECT OF NON-ROOT TREATMENTS ON THE APPLE FRUITS RIPENING RATE CONTROL
Authors: Prichko Tat'yana , Smelik Tat'yana Leonidovna , Prichko Kristina Vadimovna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of research is to study the actions of growth regulators based on 1-methylcyclopropene (Harvista) to give an attractive appearance, improve the taste of apple fruits and control the maturation rate. The results of the use of non-root treatments with a growth regulator based on 1-methylcyclopropene (Harvista) on the fruits of the Red Delicious apple variety grown in the Krasnodar Region, which allow controlling the intensity of ethylene release and increasing the period of fruit maturation, helping to extend the harvest time, are presented. Processing fruits was carried out by Harvista once 10 days before the removal of fruits. A decrease in the concentration of ethylene in fruits contributed to less shedding of apples and, accordingly, an increase in yield. The extension of the harvest period contributed to an increase in the weight of the fruits of the Red Delicious variety up to 337.5 g (by 8–10 %). A decrease in fruit shedding when using Harvista and an increase in the weight of apples contributed to an average of up to 15.3 kg/tree, or 54.7 t/ha, in the control – 11.8 kg/tree, or 42.2 t/ha . The use of this preparation made it possible to stimulate the development of the integumentary color of the fruit, and by the beginning of the harvest, the apples had a more attractive presentation due to an increase in the content of anthocyanins in the skin of the fruit. The study of the effect of non-root treatments with a growth regulator (Harvista) showed an increase in the resistance of fruits to damage when exposed to a stressor, as well as a positive effect on the qualitative composition of fruits (pulp hardness, dry matter content, vitamins, minerals), which made it possible to increase the shelf life of apples. The result of using this growth regulator is better fruit quality and higher yields.
ТЕРМОДИНАМІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ РОЗПЛАВІВ ПОДВІЙНИХ І ПОТРІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ, ЩО МІСТЯТЬ Fe, Mn, Si, Ti АБО С
Authors: Судавцова В.С. , Романова Л.О. , Барановська О.В. , Баглюк Г.А.
Published: December 2024

У роботі досліджено ефективність застосування «аналітичної» моделі Редліха-Кістера-Муджіану з потрійним внеском -200 кДж/моль для прогнозування термодинамічних властивостей розплавів систем Fe–Mn(Ti)–Si, Fe–Mn–Ti, Mn–Si–Ti, Fe–Mn-С, Fe–Si–С, Mn–Si–С, Mn–Ti–С, Fe–Ti–С, Si–Ti–С при 1873 К. Встановлено, що для розплавів систем Fe–Mn–Si, Fe–Si–С, Mn–Si–С мінімуми ентальпії змішування припадають на потрійні розплави.. Це обумовлено тим, що в цих концентраційних областях можуть утворюватися потрійні проміжні фази. Використовуючи «геометричні» та «аналітичну» моделі було оцінено ентальпії змішування та активності компонентів в розплавах вказаних систем із аналогічних даних для подвійних граничних підсистем. Отримані дані дозволяють передбачити поведінку сплавів при високих температурах та оптимізувати їх склад для конкретних застосувань. Особлива увага була приділена встановленню точних термодинамічних властивостей розплавів подвійних граничних підсистем Fe–Ti, Ti–Si, Mn–Ti, С – 3d-метал, використовуючи літературні дані та власні розрахунки. На основі критичного аналізу відомих ТДВ, виведено сукупність нових даних для систем Si-Ti, Fe-Ti та Mn-Ti. Для розплавів системи Fe–Mn–Si були розраховані також активності компонентів, які продемонстрували значні від’ємні відхилення від ідеальних розчинів. Також в роботі були розраховані активності кремнію і титану із координат ліквідуса діаграми стану за рівнянням Шредера і за моделлю регулярних розчинів в розплавах системи Si-Ti. Було показано, що обчислені нами за рівнянням Шредера аSi і аТi узгоджуються із розрахованими за іншими моделями. Встановлено термодинамічні властивості розплавів систем M-C(M=3d-метал), які є недостатньо вивченими, незважаючи на важливу роль вуглецю в металургії та матеріалознавстві. Проведені розрахунки показали, що мінімуми ентальпій змішування спостерігаються у потрійних розплавах систем Fe–Mn–Si, Fe–Si–C та Mn–Si–C, що може свідчити про утворення потрійних проміжних фаз. Результати підтверджують надійність моделей, що використовуються, та відкривають нові перспективи для прогнозування термодинамічної поведінки розплавів, що використовуються у металургії та матеріалознавстві
СПЕКТРОСКОПІЧНІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЗІСТАРЕНОГО СКЛОПОДІБНОГО ТА ПОВТОРНО ВІТРІФІКОВАНОГО СЕЛЕНУ
Authors: Горват А. А. , Жигуц Ю. Ю. , Мінькович В. В. , Молнар О. О.
Published: December 2024

Досліджено температурно-частотні залежності дійсної (ε') та уявної (ε'') частин комплексної діелектричної проникності (ε*) у витриманих у звичайних лабораторних умовах протягом кількох десятиліть склоподібного і ревітрифікованого селену на частотах 10 Гц - 50 кГц в інтервалі температур від 293 К до 420 К. Найсуттєвіша відмінність у поведінці діелектричної проникності у витриманих і повторно вітрифікованих зразках спостерігається при кристалізації зістарених склоподібних зразків. У зістарених зразках виявлено значну діелектричну дисперсію, ймовірно зумовлену наявністю перехідних областей між склоподібною матрицею та ядрами кристалічних кластерів тобто мікронеоднорідністю структури скла
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РОБОЧОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ВІЛЬНОВИХРОВОГО НАСОСА З НЕРІВНОМІРНИМ РОЗТАШУВАННЯМ ЛОПАТЕВОЇ СИСТЕМИ РОБОЧОГО КОЛЕСА
Authors: Кондусь В.Ю. , Кругляк А.А. , Муштай М.В. , Полковниченко В.В.
Published: December 2024

ефективності використання енергетичного обладнання. При цьому, саме насосне обладнання є одним з основних споживачів електроенергії у світі. Середній показник споживання електроенергії насосним обладнанням за галузями економіки становить близько 20%, у тому числі до 50% в окремих галузях господарства. Таким чином, зниження енергоспоживання насосного обладнання шляхом підвищення його енергоефективності є одним з важливих питань щодо досягнення Цілей сталого розвитку ООН (зокрема, ЦСР 6 “Чиста вода та належні санітарні умови”, ЦСР 7 “Доступна та чиста енергія”, ЦСР 9 “Промисловість, інновації та інфраструктура”) Основними перевагами використання вільновихрових насосів є їх простота конструкції, підвищений ресурс служби та менша ймовірність забруднення у порівнянні з відцентровими аналогами. Однак, використання насосів цього типу пов'язане із трансопртування рідин з різними типами включень. Це може призводити до негативних наслідків у вигляді засмічення прохідних каналів, зниження продуктивності, енергетичної ефективності вільновихрових насосів. Стаття присвячена розробці дієвого механізму запобігання засмічення насосів даного типу, що дозволить суттєво підвищити енергоефективність насосного обладнання та підвищити ресурс його служби
ТОРГІВЛЯ ЛЮДЬМИ: ПОНЯТТЯ, ВНУТРІШНІ ТА ЗОВНІШНІ ПЕРЕДУМОВИ (ІСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ)
Authors: Цимбал П. В. , Завидняк Н. В.
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена комплексному дослідженню поняття торгівлі людьми, аналізу внутрішніх і зовнішніх передумов виникнення таких злочинів, висвітленню однієї з актуальних проблем людства. Досліджені історичні й етнонаціональні корені, появи такого негативного явища, як торгівля людьми.Проаналізовано судження й твердження різних науковців щодо попередження та протидії торгівлі людьми в Україні, методологічні засади здійснення превентивної роботи правоохоронними органами як України, так і міжнародних організацій. Наголошено, що особливістю поняття торгівлі людьми досліджуються масштабність проблеми, групи ризику, національне та міжнародне законодавство в цій сфері. Також приділенозначну увагу Національному механізмові взаємодії суб’єктів, які здійснюють заходи у сфері протидії торгівлі людьми. Виділено внутрішні та зовнішні причини торгівлі людьми, які містять у собі передумови: економічні, соціальні, психологічні, інформаційні, правові. Зроблено висновок, що причинами та передумовами торгівлі людьми в Україні та світі є наслідки зростання безробіття, зменшення асигнувань на програми соціального захисту, зубожіння населення.
Tahapan Kebersyukuran pada Keluarga yang Merawat Penyandang Tunagrahita
Authors: Darman Suwarti , Anggraieni Livia , Septiningsih Dyah Siti , Hamzah Imam Faisal
Published: December 2024

People with mental retardation have attachment and dependence on family, and have similarities with normal people. Gratitude is a general tendency to recognize and respond with positive emotions, be grateful for the kindness of others in positive experiences and with what the individual has obtained. The purpose of this study was to examine gratitude in people who care for mentally retarded people (more than one in one house) seen from the stages of gratitude. Data collection used a qualitative interview method with a case study design. Research on 2 primary participants (SR, MT) and 2 secondary participants (TR, SM). Using source triangulation credibility. The results of this study were that both participants experienced gratitude. At the acknowledging stage, 4 themes were found, both participants accepted the shortcomings experienced by their children, participant SR provided supervision and guidance. While participant MT taught her child to do daily activities such as bathing and cleaning the environment. At the recognizing stage, 1 theme was found, both participants were grateful for their treatment which had a good impact. Participant SR succeeded in providing religious education to her grandchildren, while participant MT succeeded in getting her child to do her own routine with her supervision. The two stages experienced by participants make participants have good emotional management.
Birlikte Marka Yaratma Kavramına Yönelik Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: Yalçıner Cevdet , Altıntaş Murat Hakan
Published: December 2024

Bu makale, birlikte marka yaratma konusuna ilişkin bir bibliyometrik çalışma aracılığıyla konunun kavramsallaştırılmasını ele almaktadır. Çalışma, literatürde 2005 - Şubat 2024 yılları arasında WoS veri tabanında yer alan 1.092 İngilizce makale temelinde gerçekleştirilerek, eş-oluşum tekniğine göre VOSviewer ile haritalandırılmış ve değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde ana temalar içerisinde yer alan alt-unsurların hem küme içerisinde hem de kümeler arası ağ mekanizması görsel haritalandırma ile hipotetik modeli kurgulanmıştır. Yapılan analizde altı ana tema ve bu temalar içerisinde yer alan otuz dokuz alt-tema belirlenmiştir. Ana temalar küme olarak kitlesel bağlanım, markaya anlam katma, marka güveni, sürdürülebilir marka, hizmet temelli marka ve turizm olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, en yüksek bağlantı gücüne sahip küme, kitlesel bağlanım olarak adlandırılan birinci kümedir. İlgili konunun genel kavramsal yapısında hizmet ağırlıklı bir örtük unsurun yer aldığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca birlikte marka yaratma süreci, marka etkin bir şekilde yönetildiğinde ve sürdürülebilir kılındığında anlamlı hale gelir. Elde edilen bilgiler ışığında birlikte marka yaratma konusunun, değer odaklı birlikte yaratma alanıyla ilgili ancak bunun ötesinde kendi literatür alanını oluşturma potansiyeli olan bir çalışma alanı olarak geliştiği görülmektedir.