bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSTITUTIONAL TRUST WITHIN RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Frolova E. V. , Rogach O. V. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

The article analyzes the specifics of the formation of public confidence in the authorities. The leading research method was a questionnaire survey of the population (N=587 people). There is a low level of trust in federal and local authorities. Respondents' assessments are associated with the perceived failure of the authorities in solving pressing problems. It is concluded that these opinions are not based on a targeted search and critical understanding of information, as the majority of respondents are not interested in local politics and do not follow the news. Simultaneously, it was revealed that social networks / personal accounts of politicians, and digital communities have the greatest potential among information sources. However, the actual practices of involving residents in solving local problems are limited to participation in voluntarycompulsory events (subbotniks – group cleaning of specific areas) and passive / dependent activity (complaints, appeals, etc.). This contradiction indicates the lack of targeted actions to develop the potential of public participation. It seems significant to develop digital network interactions as an institutional mechanism for building trust between the population and the authorities. The principles of trust formation in digital network interactions are as follows: information openness of the authorities, reliability of information, real possibility of influencing decision-making
High Resolution Intact Proteoform Mass Spectrometry Imaging using UHMR HF Orbitrap v1
Authors: J. Zemaitis Kevin
Published: August 2022

Scope: A detailed protocol entailing the calibration, operation, and verification of the custom UHMR Q Exactive HF Orbitrap with a Spectroglyph EP-MALDI-2 source for high-spatial resolution imaging. This entails various procedures for instrument calibration and checks for the MALDI source and spectrometer for the intact proteoform analyses at near-cellular spatial resolution (> 15 µm) for human tissue sections without oversampling the tissue. Expected Outcomes: Creation of several dozen ion images which correspond to proteoforms visually localized within physiological regions of the profiled tissue sections.
Intelligent Multipath Routing in Software Defined Networks Based on Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors:   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Ryazan, Russian Federation, D. A. Perepelkin , V. T. Nguyen ,   Ryazan State Radio Engineering University, Ryazan, Russian Federation
Published: August 2022

At present a new generation network paradigm — software defined networks (SDN) has gained wide popularity to ensure the quality of service in computer networks. SDNs provide flexibility in managing data flows through a centralized view of the entire network and the ability to program network services. To ensure the quality of service of multimedia content and video traffic, the most effective mechanism is the use of multipath routing methods. An approach to intelligent multipath routing in the SDN based on the artificial bee colony algorithm is proposed in the paper. The conducted research shows that the application of the proposed approach makes it possible to increase the efficiency of multipath routing processes and the accuracy of determining routes in the SDN, as well as to reduce the transmission delay jitter in the network.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY FOR DRIVING OF VEHICLES IN THE STATE OF INTOXICATION
Authors:   National Academy of Internal Affairs, Pastukh Igor
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider the current state and identify areas for improving the legal regulation of administrative liability for driving while intoxicated under martial law. Based on the provisions of current legislation, achievements of the science of administrative law, it considers the provisions of three draft laws of Ukraine, which amend the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses to strengthen liability for driving under the influence of alcohol, drugs or other intoxicants martial law. A number of research methods are used, due to its purpose and objectives. Statistical – to determine the dynamics of the number of administrative offenses committed with the participation of drivers who were behind the wheel in a state of intoxication. System-structural and functional – to determine the place and role of individual public administration in ensuring the country’s defense capabilities, the comparative law method was used in the study of draft regulations and CAO, which determine the grounds and procedure for confiscation of vehicles, etc. Results. The norms of the draft laws are considered from the point of view of their material and procedural direction. According to the first direction, remarks and proposals were formulated: on the general provisions of confiscation of a vehicle, which consists in its forced gratuitous transfer to state ownership; concerning the range of subjects for whose needs confiscated vehicles are transferred during martial law, excluding the Ministry of Internal Affairs from this list and expanding it at the expense of the National Guard of Ukraine, other military formations formed in accordance with the laws of Ukraine; on the inexpediency of supplementing the Code of Administrative Offenses with a rule that deprivation of the right to drive vehicles is appointed by the court and applies to persons who have such a right legally, as they make it impossible to apply the provisions of Part 2, 3, 6, 7 of Art. 130 of the Code; on the inexpediency of imposing such a penalty as deprivation of the right to drive vehicles for ten years and their confiscation, as they are contrary to applicable law; concerning introduction of temporary detention of vehicles before the decision of the case on the administrative offense provided by Art. 130 of the Code of Administrative Offenses (proposals to Article 265-2 of the Code). Conclusions. The main proposals of the author to the existing draft legislation are reduced to amendments to existing legislation in the following areas: a) temporary detention with a ban on the alienation of such a vehicle before the case judge; b) a reduced period for imposing such a penalty. It is emphasized that the existing projects need significant refinement, the application of a comprehensive substantive approach in order to ensure the implementation of tasks and achieve their goals.
Problems and achievements in the study of clinical and genetic aspects of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ayupova Guzel R. , Minniakhmetov Ildar R. , Khusainova Rita I.
Published: August 2022

Cystic fibrosis is a common hereditary autosomal recessive disease characterized by pronounced genetic heterogeneity, associated clinical polymorphism, severe course and prognosis. The disease occurs worldwide in representatives of various populations and ethnic groups, with equal frequency among the male and female population. The molecular pathogenesis of the disease is based on disturbances in the synthesis, structure and function of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR), which leads to various functional disorders in the work of chloride channels. As a result, the viscosity of secretions increases and exocrinopathy develops, which leads to disruption in the functioning of all organs and systems. The main cause of cystic fibrosis is a mutation in the CFTR gene. There are seven genetic classes of mutations in the CFTR gene, they mainly determine the severity of the disease. The main criterion in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is an increase in the concentration of chlorine ions in the secretion of sweat glandsof more than 60mmol/l when performing a sweat test using the classical GibsonCook method. An exception is a mutation in the CFTR 3849+10kbCT gene, which is associated with anormal or borderline sweat test result. For a long time, the treatment of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis was symptomatic, while the course of the disease remained severe and led to early mortality of patients. However, in recent decades, modern achievements in the field of studying the molecular genetic aspects of cystic fibrosis have made it possible to make a scientific breakthrough in the creation of pathogenetic therapy for this disease. New effective drugs that improve the health of patients and their quality of life have appeared. The relevance of studying the molecular mechanism of the disease for the development of a personalized approach in the treatment of cystic fibrosis is increasing, which is a promising direction on the way to gaining health for this category of patients.
Ultrasound method for assessing the severity of local wound complications after surgical interventions on the abdominal organs
Authors: Izmailov Alexander G. , Dobrokvashin Sergey V. , Izmailov Sergey G , Leontiev Andrey E. , Volkov Dmitry E. , Lukoyanychev Egor E. , Kolchina Oksana S. , Romanov Mikhail D. , Vadyaeva Tatiana V. , Firsova Anna O.
Published: August 2022

Background. The ultrasound method of examination is often used to detect liquid formations of a postoperative wound. For this reason, the search for new criteria for assessing the course of the wound process is currently relevant.
Aim. To study the possibility of using the ultrasound method of research to determine the severity of postoperative wound complications according to the ClavienDindo classification and further optimal tactics, diagnosis and treatment.
Material and methods. 255 patients after surgery for various urgent diseases of the abdominal organs, as well as patients with elective surgeries were examined. All patients underwent complex clinical, laboratory and instrumental studies. Continuous values that do not have a normal distribution were processed using non-parametric methods the values were presented in the format Me [Q1; Q3], the difference in unrelated groups was assessed by the MannWhitney U test, and in related groups, by the Wilcoxon test.
Results. The postoperative period in 58 (22.7%) of 255 patients was complicated by postoperative wound complications, which had I, II, III severity according to the ClavienDindo classification. On the 5th day of ultrasound examination of the surgical site with the III degree of severity of postoperative wound complications, there was a statistically significant increase in the echogenicity width of tissues in the area of the wound defect compared with the III severity of complications.
Conclusion. The ultrasound method of research allows to evaluate the effectiveness of reparative processes in damaged tissues and the development of complications, as well as to determine the severity of their course in the postoperative period for planning further surgical tactics.
Dos enfoques de salud mental en docentes de Latinoamérica: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Titistar-Cruz Evelyn Dayana , Matabanchoy-Salazar Johana Madelyn , Ruíz-Bravo Oriana Teresa
Published: August 2022

Introducción: La salud mental es un componente integral en el bienestar de los individuos en todos sus ámbitos de desarrollo, por ende esta investigación enfatiza en el contexto laboral de los docentes, vislumbrando dos enfoques, el primero, centrado en la enfermedad, en la cual se evocan signos, síntomas, daños, problemáticas y trastornos mentales; y el segundo, el enfoque positivo, que la expone como el funcionamiento óptimo de la persona, donde se potencien sus cualidades y se facilite el desarrollo personal máximo. Objetivo: Analizar mediante una revisión sistemática los avances de investigaciones empíricas en el abordaje de la salud mental en docentes de Latinoamérica desde el enfoque positivo y centrado en la enfermedad. Metodología: Se aplicó la metodología PRISMA-P, la cual es una guía protocolaria para el desarrollo de revisiones sistemáticas; las bases de datos seleccionadas fueron SCIELO, EBSCO y ScienceDirect. Resultados y discusión: 30 artículos incluidos, donde el periodo 2014-2019 fue de mayor publicación (63.3%), el país con más publicaciones fue Brasil (40%), predominan los contextos de primaria y secundaria (53.3%) y el enfoque más representativo fue el centrado en la enfermedad (70%). Conclusiones: Desde la evidencia empírica, estudiar la salud mental en docentes de Latinoamérica se vincula a un enfoque centrado en la enfermedad, que da cuenta de la necesidad de abordar una visión integral sobre salud mental en los docentes dentro de las investigaciones a realizarse respecto al tema.
The protective effect of celery ethanol extract on oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease rat model
Authors: Afifah Afifah , Pribadi Fajar Wahyu , Salsabiela Aulia , Anggara Dimo Hari , Komara Zahra Muthmainnah , Al Fauzy Robby
Published: August 2022

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem in which oxidative stress plays an important role. Oxidative stress is an imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense, where antioxidants have the potential to inhibit CKD progression. Celery contains several substances that have an antioxidant effect. This study aimed to evaluate the administration of celery ethanol extract in the prevention of the progressive damage in CKD caused by oxidative stress in male rats.
MethodsTwenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation (SO, n=4), subtotal nephrectomy (SN, n=4), SN+celery ethanol extract 200 mg/kg BW (SN+S1, n=4), SN+celery ethanol extract 250 mg/kg BW (SN+S2, n=4), SN+celery ethanol extract 300 mg/kg BW (SN+S3, n=4). The celery ethanol extract was given for 14 days before induction of CKD and 21 days after induction of the CKD rat model. Serum creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were examined in this study. Data were analyzed by One way ANOVA followed by LSD test for creatinine, MDA, SOD, and Kruskal Wallis test for GSH.
ResultsThere were significant between-group differences in serum creatinine, SOD, and MDA (p<0.05), but not in GSH (p>0.05). The administration of celery ethanol extract at 250 mg/kg BW was the most effective in preventing an increase in MDA and a decrease in SOD and GSH.
ConclusionCelery ethanol extract has the potential to prevent oxidative stress in the CKD rat model.
Modeling the process of management of organizational culture at enterprises of fuel and energy complex
Authors: Vasilchikov Alexey V. , Nigmatullin Almir R.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the process of modeling organizational culture in the context of the activities of enterprises of the industrial complex, in particular, the sectoral structure of enterprises in fuel and energy complex. In the context of the strategic development of an enterprise, organizational culture acts as an effective mechanism and tool for development in modern transformational economic processes. The main criteria approaches to the definition of organizational culture are considered, based on the practice of managing enterprises in the fuel and energy complex. The main models of organizational culture are characterized, and the methodological apparatus of the algorithm for the formation of organizational culture at the enterprises of fuel and energy complex in the context of the globalization reform of modern economic system is developed. The developed model of a systematic transition to the formation of an organizational culture is based on a role-playing and innovative type of culture, which is acceptable for industrial enterprises in general, and industry enterprises of fuel and energy complex. The model of formation of the organizational culture of the enterprises of fuel and energy complex is aimed at the implementation of the work plan, taking into account the formation of preferred types of organizational culture. Optimization ways and directions for improving the development of the organization's culture in order to increase its competitiveness and performance efficiency are proposed. The study is of value to scientific and pedagogical workers in the field of education and in the field of management consulting.
Development of a mathematical model of industrial injuries in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation
Authors: Rostova Elena P. , Zinovieva Alena A.
Published: August 2022

Industrial enterprises are an important link in the economic system of the state: the total share of manufacturing and mining in the structure of GDP in 2020 amounted to more than 20%. However, hazardous production facilities operated by enterprises, as well as the production process itself, are a source of increased danger to the life and health of employees of organizations. To reduce the damage from accidents at work, preventive measures aimed at reducing injuries and preventing accidents can be taken. The development of a plan of preventive measures is based on the identification of the most significant risk factors, their study and determination of the nature of the impact on injury rates. The oil and gas industry is one of the most important sectors of the Russian Federation and the global economy as a whole. Enterprises in this sector of the economy operate hazardous production facilities, which leads to various cases of industrial injuries that negatively affect the activities of enterprises. As with all sectors of the economy, the oil and gas sector is faced with the problem of reducing the number of accidents in order to reduce economic damage. The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes of injuries in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation and the development of a mathematical model for assessing damage from accidents that resulted in complete or partial disability of workers. The practical significance of the study lies in identifying the most likely causes of injuries in the industry in question in order to influence them to reduce the number of accidents. The sensitivity analysis of the model also made it possible to determine the factors that have the greatest impact on the final injury rate. The statistical base of the study covers data for the period of 20122020 for enterprises of the entire oil and gas sector of the Russian Federation. It was found that the number of accidents is most influenced by such factors as thermal effects, falls from a height, toxic substances, lack of oxygen and explosion. The increasing damage from industrial injuries indicates the need to study the problem of managing these risks and confirms the relevance of this study.
Analytical and computer dynamic discrete simulation model of the mechanism for the formation of monetary amounts to be paid to the enterprise for the production of rocket and space equipment
Authors: Shelokov Dmitry A.
Published: August 2022

The key point of flow process modeling is that it is based on the use of discrete models. In traditional approaches to modeling production processes, time is considered as a continuous quantity. Static models are far from reality, since any production has a cyclical nature, since any product is produced in a finite time. In the modern theory and practice of modeling, mathematical models of economic processes in which time changes discretely are of great importance. The work combines various aspects of management, found a common language and structure in describing various conditions in production, the supply of components, raw materials, materials, as well as research, based on investments in staff training and product quality. The key point of flow process modeling is that it is based on the use of discrete models. In traditional approaches to modeling production processes, time is considered as a continuous quantity. Static models are far from reality, since any production has a cyclical nature, since any product is produced in a finite time. In the modern theory and practice of modeling, mathematical models of economic processes in which time changes discretely are of great importance. The work combines various aspects of management, found a common language and structure in describing various conditions in production, the supply of components, raw materials, materials, as well as research, based on investments in staff training and product quality. This article discusses the actual problems of the formation of flows that characterize the financial results of the company's activities for the production of launch vehicles. It is shown that the main flow parameters characterizing the financial condition of the enterprise are the cash flow to be paid and the cash flow to receive incoming funds for the sale of rocket kits, each of these flows is represented by a discrete simulation equation, the solution of which is carried out using computer models. An equation has been formed to determine the cash flow for the payment of wages to the main production personnel at the enterprise. To assess the magnitude of the effect as the final result of the company's activities, an equation has been formed that allows determining the specific cost of the launch vehicle. At a known price and its unit cost, mathematical and computer models of the profit flow received by the enterprise are formed. The graphs of the trajectories of changes in the flow of profit and the expenditure on wages presented in the work allow us to determine the time of the transition process and its dynamic stability under imposed disturbances in the volume of the order from Roscosmos.
Opportunities for cooperation and the use of China's experience in automotive industry in current Russian conditions
Authors: Podbornova Ekaterina S. , Chirkunova Ekaterina K.
Published: August 2022

The current economic situation in Russia is characterized by significant instability due to the large sanctions burden provided by the countries of Europe and the United States because of the special military operation in Ukraine. In the emerging conditions, which caused an increase in inflation, currency volatility, the closure of a large number of companies in various market segments, and, consequently, unemployment, almost all economic activity has become very difficult. Thus, domestic automobile production was also affected. One of the latest measures aimed at destabilizing the Russian automotive industry within the framework of the next package of sanctions in March 2022 was a partial ban on the supply of high-tech products to the country and support for the IT-infrastructure of enterprises. Because of the withdrawal of foreign companies from the Russian market, production facilities such as: Volvo Cars, Jaguar, Land Rover, General Motors, Mitsubishi and others has stopped. The number of Russian car dealers by May has decreased significantly compared to the beginning of the year. Thus, about 70 dealer contracts were terminated. One of the largest car plants in Russia Avtovaz has already stopped its operation several times, and soon the French car concern Renault is going to transfer its share to the Central Automobile Research Institute FGUP NAMI with a buy-out option in 56 years and the production of most models of Renault will be stopped. The situation is also complicated by the already existing crisis in the industry due to the global shortage of semiconductors and other automotive components and newly emerged problems with logistics. There is an obvious need to conclude new deals, find new markets for purchasing raw materials and materials, intensify cooperation with friendly countries and use their experience, which can be done on the basis of uniting Russian clusters and foreign technological platforms, namely the TP of China is being considered.
Educação sexual nas escolas: Um desafio para profissionais da saúde e educação
Authors: NOGUEIRA FRANCISCO JANDER DE SOUSA , BARBOSA NAYRON VITOR DO NASCIMENTO , ALVES MARIA ALICE , RODRIGUES MARIA GLEICE
Published: August 2022

Historicamente, a nossa sociedade não possui o hábito de abordar sexualidade no contexto familiar e escolar, visto que é uma temática considerada polêmica, bem como é um assunto pouco explorado. Nesse sentido, este estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que se propôs a fazer uma análise a partir da literatura brasileira correspondentes aos últimos três anos disponíveis nas bases de dados LILACS, Google Scholar, BVS e SCIELO, com objetivo de conhecer os desafios que professores e profissionais da saúde enfrentam na promoção de educação sexual nas escolas brasileiras. Foram encontrados, nas plataformas mencionadas acima, 456 artigos, porém a análise foi feita apenas com 13 artigos que obedeciam aos critérios de inclusão. Essa pesquisa é de grande relevância, visto que é preciso refletir sobre como a educação sexual está sendo abordada nas escolas. Com base no arcabouço teórico nacional utilizado nessa revisão ficou evidente o quanto a promoção de educação sexual nas escolas apresenta desafios e limitações.
Influence of Biological Agents in Controlling Nematodes and Improving Growth of Coffee Seedling and Soil P-Availability
Authors: Fitriatin Betty Natalie , Hindersah Reginawanti , Asyiah Iis Nur , Rahayu Dwi Suci
Published: August 2022

Pests and diseases cause significant yield losses in coffee cultivation in Indonesia. In particular, Pratylenchus coffeae is the most common nematode in Indonesia known to harm coffee plants. In dealing with the threat of P. coffeae, mycorrhiza is used as a biological agent to increase the growth of coffee plants as well as control the nematode. This experiment was conducted to determine the formulation of biological agents in the form of mycorrhizae enriched with mycorrhizal helper bacteria (MHB) to control nematodes and increase the growth of coffee seedlings and soil P-availability. The mycorrhizae used in this experiment were Glomus spp., while the liquid MHB formula used Pseudomonas diminuta and Bacillus subtilis. The randomized block design was used with treatments consisting of control (without biological agents); inoculation of P. coffeae; Glomus + P coffeae; Glomus + MHB 108+ P coffeae; Glomus + MHB 109+ P coffeae. Observations were made on the growth of coffee seedlings and the nematode population of P. coffeae 10 weeks after administered treatments. Results revealed that inoculation of biological agents Glomus spp. + the liquid MHB formula increased the growth of coffee seedlings, soil P-availability, and reduced the population of P. coffeae. The best treatment was Glomus spp. + MHB 108 which can reduce the population of P. coffeae by 65%.
Changes in the lipidogram and hemostasis system in elderly patients with myocardial infarction, hypertension depending on the severity of senile asthenia syndrome
Authors: Agarkov N. M. , Makkonen K. F. , Titov A. A. , Mitikhina M. S. , Kolpina L. V.
Published: August 2022

Background. The development of myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with the lipid and hemostatic disorders, which are not fully investigated in patients with senile asthenia syndrome (SAS).

Objective. To analyze changes in the lipidogram and hemostasis system in elderly patients with MI, hypertension (HTN), depending on the severity of SAS.

Design and methods. Indicators of lipid metabolism and hemostasis system were studied in patients aged 60–74 years with MI, grade 1–2 HTN (n = 80); 60–74 years with MI, grade 1–2 HTN with senile preasthenia (SP); 60–74 years with MI, grade 1–2 HTN and SAS in the period from 2 to 4 days after MI onset. The diagnosis of MI without ST segment elevation was established based on the criteria of the European Society of Cardiology, HTN was diagnosed in accordance with the “National Recommendations of the All-Russian Scientific Society of Cardiology”, SAS — according to the criteria of L.P. Fried. The study of lipid metabolism indicators performed on the analyzer “KoneLab 300” and “PersonalLab”, hemostasis systems — with the use of reagents “Technology Standard”.

Results. In elderly patients with MI, HTN and SP, the level of triglycerides is significantly higher compared to those without senile asthenia (1,8 ± 0,04 vs. 1,4 ± 0,03 mmol/l), low-density lipoproteins (4,2 ± 0,07 vs. 3,6 ± 0,05 mmol/l), antithrombin III activity (105,8 ± 2,2 vs. 97,4 ± 2,3%), plasminogen activator inhibitor (291,5 ± 3,8 vs. 275,2 ± 3,6 ng/ml). With the progression of senile transformation into SAS, these changes in patients 60–74 years old with MI, HTN are aggravated, and especially changes in apoliprotein-A1, leptin, very low density lipoproteins, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor, in globulin-dependent fibrinolysis, which indicates a negative effect of SAS on lipidogram and hemostasis indicators.

Conclusions. The changes in lipidogram and hemostasis indicators should be taken into account in the management of elderly patients with MI, HTN and SAS symptoms, they should be also considered as predictors of the MI outcomes.
Barriers and Opportunities for More Effective Identification of Victims of Human Trafficking: Insights from Bangladesh, Cambodia, and Taiwan
Authors: Kasper Eric , Chiang Mina
Published: August 2022

Every year, countless people become victims of human trafficking. The number is countless because the vast majority of those cases go unidentified and unreported. As a result, victims remain invisible, go unsupported, continue to suffer abuses, and continue to face stigma and trauma even after finding their way out of trafficking. This lack of visibility also makes it difficult to really understand how trafficking works, which seriously hinders international counter trafficking efforts.
RELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE, FACILITIES AND BEHAVIOR OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT AND INCIDENCE OF TODDLERS’ DIARRHEA IN SEDAH KIDUL VILLAGE
Authors: Raihan Wardatul , Mahmudiono Trias
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Determinants of health consist of social and physical determinants; one the factors included in physical determinants is environment. Environmental conditions that aren’t healthy can attract flies to land. Diarrhea is caused by vectors (flies) that contaminate food and drink consumed by humans. This research aimed to analyze the strength of the relationship between knowledge, facilities, and behavior of household waste management with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in Sedah Kidul Village. Methods: This research was a descriptive study with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional study design. Respondents were selected using simple random sampling from families with toddlers in Sedah Kidul Village as many as 40 respondents. The questionnaire was distributed to respondents to obtain research data. The statistical test used was the contingency coefficient to analyze the strength of the relationship between the variables tested. Result: The results showed the strength of the relationship for level of knowledge (p-value = 0.373 and C = 0.269) including the weak category, availability of facilities (p-value = 0.380 and C = 0.267) including the weak category, and household waste management behavior (p-value = 0.763 and C = 0.168) including the very weak category with the incidence of toddler diarrhea. Conclusion: The conclusion based on the results of statistical tests is there was no significant relationship between knowledge, facilities, and behavior of household waste management with the incidence of toddler diarrhea, supported by the strength category of the relationship on the three variables.
Resuming Swallowing and Oral Feeding in Tracheostomized COVID-19 Patients: Experience of a Swiss COVID-Center and Narrative Literature Review
Authors: Forni Ruben , Jacot Etienne , Ruoppolo Giovanni , Amitrano Antonio , Ogna Adam
Published: August 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, percutaneous tracheostomy proved to be an effective option in the management of patients with prolonged periods of intubation; in fact, among other things, it allowed early discharge from ICUs and contributed to reducing overcrowding in intensive care settings, a central critical point in the COVID pandemic. As a direct consequence, the management and the weaning of frail, tracheostomized and ventilated patients was diverted to sub-intensive or normal hospitalisation wards. One central challenge in this setting is the resumption of swallowing and oral feeding, which needs an interdisciplinary management involving Phoniatrician, ENT, Pneumologist and Speech Therapist. With this article, we aim to share the experience of a Swiss COVID-19 Center[1] and to draw up a narrative review on the issues concerning the management of the tracheostomy cannula during swallowing resumption, integrating the most recent evidence from the literature with the clinical experiences of the professionals directly involved in the management of tracheostomized COVID-19 patients. In view of the heterogeneity of COVID-19 patients, we believe that the procedures described in the article are applicable to a larger population of patients undergoing tracheostomy weaning.
Theoretical Search for Gravitational Bound States of Tachyons
Authors: Schwartz Charles
Published: August 2022

The mission here is to see if we can find bound states for tachyons in some gravitational environment. That could provide an explanation for the phenomena called Dark Matter. Starting with the standard Schwarzschild metric in General Relativity, which is for a static and spherically symmetric source, it appears unlikely that such localized orbits exist. In this work the usual assumption of isotropic pressure is replaced by a model that has different pressures in the radial and angular directions. This should be relevant to the study of neutrinos, especially if they are tachyons, in cosmological models. We do find an arrangement that allows bound orbits for tachyons in a galaxy. This is a qualitative breakthrough. Then we go on to estimate the numbers involved and find that we do have a fair quantitative fit to the experimental data on the Galaxy Rotation Curve. Additionally we are led to look in the neighborhood of a Black Hole and there we find novel orbits for tachyons.
Origin and emplacement of the Blue Diamond landslide breccia, southern Nevada, U.S.A.
Authors: Ferry Nicholas , Sturmer Daniel , Ward Dylan , Taylor Wanda , Brett Carlton
Published: August 2022

Landslide deposits are common in basin fill of tectonically active areas, including the Basin and Range province of western North America. However, interpreting and reconstructing ancient landsliding events from these deposits is challenging, but can be aided by detailed field analysis. Remnants of the Blue Diamond landslide breccia are exposed capping hills and ridges in the foothills of the eastern Spring Mountains near Blue Diamond, Nevada, USA. Uncertainties surrounding the origin and emplacement of the ancestral Blue Diamond landslide have emerged based on the disparate distribution of landslide outcrops. Therefore, in this study we used detailed sedimentological data and observations to interpret a two-phase emplacement history for the Blue Diamond landslide.

Sedimentological observations are consistent with Blue Diamond landslide breccia emplacement as a rock avalanche. The presence of clastic dikes and flame structures and negligible incorporation of bedrock substrate material suggest that runout occurred over a saturated substrate. Flow transformation into a debris avalanche is ruled out because clast-count data show that debris entrainment was not sufficient to act as the sole mechanism behind the excessive mobility experienced by the Blue Diamond landslide. Instead, we propose that the excessive mobility was driven by flow entrainment of large Aztec Sandstone boulders and interaction with a saturated runout path substrate that caused a reduced basal frictional resistance, enabling initial emplacement onto Blue Diamond Hill. We therefore suggest that the Blue Diamond landslide was derived from a source area about 8.5 km northwest of the Blue Diamond townsite and flowed into the Blue Diamond Hill site where it was emplaced onto Moenkopi Formation atop the hill during the Miocene. Due to loading by this new overburden, incompetent gypsum horizons failed in the upper Kaibab Formation stratigraphically below the Moenkopi Formation. These failed gypsum horizons then served as a compound landslide rupture surface, transporting the overlying Moenkopi Formation and landslide breccia. This secondary emplacement likely ceased by late Miocene to Pliocene time.
Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection during Robotic Prostate Surgery Reduces Biochemical Recurrence: A Propensity Score- matched Analysis for High-risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yashi Masahiro , Yokoyama Megumi , Nakamura Gaku , Uematsu Toshitaka , Suzuki Issei , Sakamoto Kazumasa , Nishihara Daisaku , Kijima Toshiki , Ishida Kazuyuki , Kaji Yasushi , Kamai Takao
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To avoid misunderstandings based on the failure to demonstrate oncological benefit from extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) during radical prostatectomy in a recent randomized controlled trial. We evaluated early survival outcome in contemporary patients with limited to high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) using propensity score (PS)-matched analysis.Materials and Methods: Three-hundred and forty-seven patients with high-risk PCa were enrolled. They were determined to have a lymph node (LN) involvement probability of greater than 5%. Biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival was compared between two groups divided by adherence with extended template and timeframe related to improving PLND procedure.Results: The mean LN yield was 23.4 and 2.7, and the positive LN rate was 19.3 and 2.0% in the extended PLND and other groups, respectively. In the entire unmatched cohort, the estimated curve was 13.1% superior in 3-year BCR-free survival for the extended PLND group. The PS-matched cohort was converged in each LN yield group to 99 patients, and the difference in the 3-year BCR-free survival widened to 22.2% (hazard ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.27-0.80; p=0.005). The statistical difference was consistent in standard high-risk PCa, and was a significant trend in very high-risk PCa. In the analysis of two groups divided by timeframe, the difference in the BCR-free survival was a significant trend.Conclusion: The results possibly demonstrate the therapeutic role of extended PLND in high-risk PCa. Statistical demonstration of benefits depends on the quality of extended PLND and whether the study cohort is the optimal composition of cancer risk.
Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation combined with IronQ attenuates ICH-induced inflammation response via Mincle/Syk signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Guoqiang , Kantapan Jiraporn , Mazhar Maryam , Bai Xue , Zou Yuanxia , Wang Honglian , Huang Bingfeng , Yang Sijing , Dechsupa Nathupakorn , Wang Li
Published: August 2022

Background
Cerebral edema, inflammation, and subsequent neurological defecit, are the common consequences of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation had been used as a neuroprotective therapy in nervous system diseases because of its anti-inflammatory effect. However, the survival, viability, and efficacy of MSCs are limited due to the severe inflammatory response after ICH. Therefore, ways to improve the survival and viability of MSCs will provide a hopeful therapeutic efficacy for ICH. Notably, the metal-quercetin complex via coordination chemistry has been verified positively and studied extensively for biomedical applications, including growth-promoting and imaging probes. Previous studies have shown that the iron-quercetin complex (IronQ) has excellent dual functions with a stimulating agent of cell growth and an imaging probe for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, we hypothesized that IronQ could improve the survival and viability of MSCs, displaying the anti-inflammation function in the treatment of ICH, while also label MSCs for their tracking by MRI. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the combined treatment of MSCs with IronQ on inflammation and elucidate their underlying mechanisms.
Methods
A collagenase I-induced ICH mice model was extablished, which were randomly divided into model group (Model), quercetin gavage group (Quercetin), MSCs transplantation group (MSCs), and MSCs transplantation combined with IronQ group (MSCs + IronQ). Then the neurological deficits score, brain water content (BWC), and the protein expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, NeuN, MBP, and GFAP were investigated. We measured the protein expression levels of Mincle and its downstream targets. Furthermore, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cells was used to investigate the neuroprotection of conditioned medium of MSCs co-cultured IronQ in vitro.
Results
We found that the combined treatment improves the inflammation-induced neurological function and BWC by inhibiting the Mincle/Syk signaling pathway in vivo. The conditioned medium of MSCs co-cultured with IronQ decreased inflammation, the protein expression levels of Mincle, and its downstream targets in LPS-induced BV2 cell line.
Conclusions
These data suggested that the combined treatment plays a synergistic role in ameliorating the consequences of ICH, including neurologic deficits, brain edema, and inflammatory response through the downregulation of the Mincle/syk signaling pathway.
Knowledge and attitude regarding monkeypox virus among physicians in Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alshahrani Najim Z. , Algethami Mohammed R. , Alarifi Abdullah M , Alzahrani Faris , Sheerah Haytham Abdulwhab , Abdelaal Abdelaziz , Sah Ranjit , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: August 2022

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards monkeypox infection among physicians, a frontline healthcare worker group, in Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A cross-sectional, online survey assessing knowledge and attitudes towards monkeypox infection on multiple-item scales was sent to physicians in Saudi Arabia. The associations between independent factors and either knowledge or attitude were assessed.
Results
The final analysis included 398 participants. Approximately 57% of the participants were under 30 years old, and 56.8% were male. Only 18.6% of the surveyed participants had ever received information about monkeypox in their medical education. A substantial proportion of assessed physicians lack knowledge regarding the endemicity of monkeypox, its transmission, clinical differences with smallpox, chickenpox, and influenza, as well as the clinical evolution and the main associated findings. In addition, there is a significant knowledge gap between the therapeutic management of monkeypox and its vaccination. Such poor knowledge is influenced by various factors.
Conclusions
Physicians' knowledge and attitudes regarding monkeypox infection are inadequate. Training and knowledge assessment is important, as demonstrated by previous epidemics and pandemics such as Zika and COVID-19, especially when studies show significant improvement in related and specific knowledge.
Host blood-based biosignatures for subclinical TB and incipient TB: a prospective study of adult TB household contacts in Southern India.
Authors: Sivakumaran Dhanasekaran , Jenum Synne , Srivast Aashish , Steen Vidar M , Vaz Mario , Doherty Timothy Mark , Ritz Christian , Grewal Harleen M.S.
Published: August 2022

Background A large proportion of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden is asymptomatic and not detectable by symptom-based screening, driving the TB epidemic through continued M. tuberculosis transmission. Currently, no validated tools exist to diagnose incipient and subclinical TB. Methods Nested within a large prospective study in household contacts of pulmonary TB cases in Southern India, we assessed 35 incipient TB and 12 subclinical TB cases, along with corresponding household active TB cases (n=11), and household controls (n=39) using high throughput methods for transcriptional and protein profiling. We split the data into training and test sets and applied a support vector machine classifier followed by a Lasso regression model to identify signatures. Results The Lasso regression model identified an 11-gene signature (ABLIM2, C20orf197, CTC-543D15.3, CTD-2503O16.3, HLADRB3, METRNL, RAB11B-AS1, RP4-614C10.2, RNA5SP345, RSU1P1, and UACA) that distinguished subclinical TB from incipient TB with an AUC of 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99 – 1.00), corresponding to a sensitivity of 100.0% (95%CI, 63.1-100.0), specificity of 100.0% (95%CI, 85.2-100.0) and the AUC of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.74 – 1.00), and a sensitivity of 100.0% (95%CI, 39.8-100.0), specificity of 83.3% (95%CI, 51.6-97.9) in the training and test sets, respectively. Further, we identified an 8-protein signature comprising b-FGF, IFNγ, IL1RA, IL7, IL12p70, IL13, PDGF-BB, and VEGF that differentiated subclinical TB from incipient TBs with an AUC of 1.00 (95%CI, 0.99-1.00) and an AUC of 0.75 (95%CI, 0.50-0.99) in the training and test set, respectively. Conclusions The 11-gene signature identified in this study in a population with different genetic and socioeconomic settings with lower TB incidence could also be useful for predicting TB progression. However, validation in other studies is warranted to establish the potential of the immune biosignatures for identifying subclinical TB.
Phase III study of HR-positive/HER2-negative/lymph node-positive breast cancer non-responsive to primary chemotherapy: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ouyang Tao , Yang Yang , He Yingjian , Fan Zhaoqing , Chen Xue , Liu Yiqiang , Zhang Chao , Jiang Hongchuan , Wang Xin , Wang Xiang , Xie Fei , Wang Shu , Luo Bin , Kang Hua , Wang Tao , Jiang Zefei , Yuan Peng , Xu Binhe , Xu Ling , Liu Yinhua , Li Jinfeng , Xie Yuntao , Wang Tianfeng
Published: August 2022

A multi-center, open-label, randomized, controlled phase III trial was conducted to evaluate pathological response-guided non-cross-resistant adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-)/lymph node-positive (LN+) breast cancer who were non-responsive to primary chemotherapy. Patients received four cycles of non-cross-resistant adjuvant chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy (ET), or ET alone. Forty patients responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and with Miller and Payne G4 or G5 and LN − status were assigned to the observation group. Distant disease-free survival was the primary endpoint. The final intention-to-treat analysis comprised 379 patients. After a median follow-up period of 72.4 months, the 5-year distant disease-free survival was 92% and 90% in the chemotherapy plus ET and ET-alone groups, respectively. Comparatively, the observation group showed a trend towards better distant disease-free survival. For patients non-responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant non-cross-resistant chemotherapy did not significantly improve distant disease-free survival compared to ET alone. Trial registration: The trial was registered on November 25, 2009, at ClinicalTrials.gov, and the registration number was NCT01019616. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01019616?term=alternative+non-cross-resistant&draw=2&rank=1
Influence of soil organic carbon, water holding capacity and moisture content on heavy metals in rice paddy soils of Western Ghats of India
Authors: Hegade Ranjana Ramesha , MV Chethana Kumara , SV Krishnamurthy
Published: August 2022

Analysis of soil samples collected from 16 rice paddy fields located in Western Ghats region was made to quantify the heavy metals concentration. Heavy metal analysis was done for Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cr, Cd, and Pb using atomic absorption spectroscopy. High concentration of these heavy metals was found in rice paddy fields regularly being cultivated using agrochemicals. We compared this concentration with soils of rice paddy field that was not under cultivation. Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Cd showed a build up at an order of 1.2, 1.3, 2.3, 2.2, 1.8, 2.8, 1.8, and 8.5 times higher in the rice paddy fields cultivated with agrochemical applications. Heavy metals exhibited maximum association (PCA) with soil moisture content (Zn, Fe, Cr, Ni, and Cd), organic carbon content (Fe, Cr, Ni, and Cd) and water holding capacity (Cu, Pb, and Cd). Such associations were absent in the reference site. This indicates the build-up of heavy metals in rice paddy soils under the strong influence of moisture content, water holding capacity, and organic carbon content of the soil.