bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escala de Engajamento dos Alunos na Escola Inferido por Professores para o Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Campos Lygia Vallo e , Justi Francis Ricardo dos Reis , Veiga Feliciano Henriques
Published: October 2023

Resumo Avaliar o engajamento escolar é crucial para identificar alunos em risco de evasão e monitorar o progresso acadêmico. O objetivo deste estudo foi construir e obter evidências de validade para uma Escala de Engajamento dos Alunos na Escola Inferido por Professores (EEAE-IP). Participaram do estudo 488 alunos do 2ª ao 5ª ano do Ensino Fundamental de escolas de Minas Gerais. A EEAE-IP apresenta boas propriedades psicométricas, com Análise Fatorial Confirmatória atestando o modelo de quatro fatores (comportamental, cognitivo, afetivo e agente). A evidência da consistência interna da escala foi boa com um Alfa de Crombach de 0,92 e a fidedignidade interobservador sugere que o construto é avaliado da mesma forma por diferentes observadores. A EEAE-IP é de rápida aplicação e utiliza o professor como informante. Sugerimos novos estudos que forneçam dados para a validade em outras populações. Este estudo reforça o papel da EEAE-IP em futuras pesquisas psicoeducacionais.
A Woman’s Place is… in Politics: Reflections about Micro and Macroaggressions of Identities
Authors: Fernandes Camilla , Lourenço Mariane Lemos
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: analyze the identity constitution of women who have entered politics in Brazil, in the face of a scenario of micro and macroaggressions. Theoretical approach: identity theory, in which identity is defined as a self-reflexive concept that allows individuals to know and understand themselves in the midst of cultural, social, and organizational specificities. Method: basic qualitative study carried out with assistance of semi-structured interviews content analysis. Results: the main results showed that the identity of women active in politics is gradually formed; however, this construction is permeated by attempts of invalidations since the intention of candidacy. The invalidations through microaggressions permeate the organizational context and, because they are present on a larger scale, they highlight what is pointed out as macroaggressions. Conclusions: this study contributes to the literature by proposing the concept of macroaggressions. In practical terms, this study brings as a contribution a discussion focused on SDG 5 and the need for a greater female insertion in Brazilian political organizations.
The (Un)productivity of Reproductive Work and the Woman’s Exhaustion in Contemporary Times
Authors: Souza Marília Duarte de , Ferraz Deise Luiza
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: we aim to discuss the (im)productivity of reproductive work, potentialities and limits of capital expansion on this work to change the oppression that manifests itself in the conditions of exhaustion of women in contemporary times. Theoretical approach: starting from a Marxian perspective, we believe that debates about the productivity of reproductive work should overcome analyzes based on the immediacy of this work and apprehend the determinants that involve the absorption of work by capital as productive, reproductive or unproductive work. Methods: we collected secondary statistical data provided by IBGE, Sebrae and the British Cleaning Council, the analysis was based on historical materialism. Results: we demonstrate that capital has productively appropriated reproductive work, however, such appropriation has not meant changing the conditions of sexual division of labor and women's exhaustion. Conclusion: we conclude that instead of the transmutation of reproductive to productive work being an advance towards the emancipation of women, it has been a source of greater exploitation of their workforce and of exhaustion, since such appropriation does not overcome the exploitation that engenders the universality of oppression under capitalism, according to the needs of valuing value.
Escrevivência: O Cansativo Processo de Ser uma Outsider Interna na Pós-Graduação em Administração
Authors: Zanola Fernanda de Aguiar
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: este texto reflete sobre o cansaço presentes no processo de ser uma outsider interna na pós-graduação em Administração. Marco Teórico: a fim de explorar as entrelaçadas interseções presentes nas narrativas autobiográficas. Destaco o conceito outsider whitin para contemplar as experiências de grupos menos privilegiados, que se deparam com paradigmas estabelecidos por uma comunidade mais influente de insiders. Nesse movimento são desfeitas imagens que produzem identidades apáticas e sem possibilidade de se posicionar frente às dinâmicas sociais. Método: para isso, recorro ao operador teórico da Escrevivência de Conceição Evaristo para revisitar memórias e revelar, a partir de um diálogo transacional, produções localizadas nos saberes das mulheres negras. Além disso, incorporo o diálogo com as pensadoras feministas negras. Resultados: assim, são estimuladas reflexões, acolhimentos e representação de todos os povos, abordando não apenas o drama pessoal, mas a história de uma coletividade. Conclusões: por fim, articulo, por meio de um esforço utópico, possíveis caminhos para que cursos de pós-graduação em Administração possam romper os entraves vivenciados e elevar as potencialidades para aqueles que se dispõem a contribuir com o desenvolvimento social, científico e teórico do país.
A inteligência artificial na educação: os desafios do ChatGPT
Authors: Rodrigues Olira Saraiva , Rodrigues Karoline Santos
Published: October 2023

Resumo Para discutir os impactos da difusão do acesso às plataformas de modelos de linguagem na educação, este estudo aponta para questões metodológicas e substantivas em torno da Inteligência Artificial (IA) generativa para o campo de humanidades digitais, que tem preocupado educadores, principalmente do Ensino Superior, em situações como plágio, desenvolvimento crítico e criatividade na textualidade contemporânea. Assim, o estudo tem como objetivo refletir, com base na Teoria Crítica da Tecnologia de Andrew Feenberg, como a IA pode ser potencializada frente ao embaraço aversivo comum ao que exige mudanças. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, exploratória e o estudo apropria-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, cujas contribuições inerentes à concepção de IA têm base nas produções de Kaufman ( 2022) e Santaella ( 2021, 2023), que servem como premissa para relacionar as problematizações da IA com a Teoria Crítica da Tecnologia de Feenberg ( 2003, 2004). Dados apontam para duas vertentes: a primeira que situa a IA generativa como evento a ser inibido das instituições de ensino, devido à falta de regulamentações éticas, e outra que orienta potencializar o uso desses produtos com finalidade crítica, na perspectiva de inteligência aumentada. Em suma, o estudo aponta que a IA do tipo generativa é um campo que carece de regulamentações, mas que pode ser conduzida de maneira coletiva, principalmente dentro das Instituições de Ensino Superior, que têm o potencial de discutir essas questões de maneira crítica e com possibilidade de efeito de ação social, a considerar a tecnologia um estilo de vida.
O Automated Guided Vehicle como um micromundo de aprendizagem matemática: uma perspectiva construcionista
Authors: Barbosa Fernando da Costa , Guimarães Daniel da Silveira , Silva Élida Alves da , Alves Deive Barbosa , Alves Mônica da Cunha
Published: October 2023

Resumo O artigo buscou explorar, em uma perspectiva construcionista, o Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) enquanto um Micromundo de aprendizagem matemática. A sua constituição se deu a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo exploratória, ou seja, aquela em que se deseja oferecer uma visão geral sobre o objeto. Nesse processo, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas, baseadas em estudos de autores como, por exemplo, Seymour Papert, Pierre Lèvy, e marcada pela experimentação baseada em Guimarães, Silva e Barbosa (2020). Assim, estabeleceu-se como objetivo estudar a viabilidade de adotar o AGV como micromundo de aprendizagem matemática, na perspectiva da bricolagem, simulação e inteligência criadora. A experiência com a construção do AGV é mais que a construção de um robô, é a afirmação da importância da Matemática, do simulador virtual na concepção do real, do tangível.
Irregular practices in drugstores in the offer of products for children under three years old
Authors: Soares Roberta Almeida Silva , Pinheiro Elisa Natany Silva , Diniz Maria Hortência Teixeira , Martins Ana Paula Bortoletto , Oliveira Antônio Marcos Machado de , Pereira Leandro Alves , Silva Luciana Saraiva da , Rinaldi Ana Elisa Madalena
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the compliance with the commercialization of children's products included in the Brazilian Code of Marketing of Infant and Toddlers Food and Childcare-Related Products (NBCAL) in drugstores in Uberlândia/MG. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 143 drugstores that sold infant products: infant formula (IF), follow-up IF, nipples, teats, pacifiers and nipple shields; FI for young children, transition foods and cereal-based foods, fluid or powdered milk, modified/similar milks of plant origin and dairy compounds. The location of drugstores in the five geographic sectors was performed by geoprocessing. The data collected were: types of promotion and types of drugstore administration (drugstore chains/drugstores with independent administration). Irregular commercial promotion was expressed as absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Irregular commercial promotion was found in 11.7% of nipples, pacifiers and bottles, in 10.0% of IF and follow-up formula, in 9.5% of IF for young children, in 11.1% fluid or powdered milk, in 25.0% of transition foods and cereal-based foods and in 59.1% of dairy compounds. In commercial drugstore chains, the presence of promotion for dairy (81.8 vs. 28.6%, respectively) was higher than in drugstores with independent administration. The opposite ocurred for fluid or powdered milk, modified and similar milks of plant origin. The downtown and eastern sectors had the highest percentages of promotions (26%). Conclusions: NBCAL violations still occur in drugstores, mainly in the sale of young children's foods and in the commercial network drugstores.
Late effects of caffeine use on sleep of infants born prematurely
Authors: Oliveira Ana Carolina Nunes de , Leão Ana Paula Cruz de Castro , Goulart Ana Lucia , Oliveira Allan Chiaratti de , D'Almeida Vânia
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the therapeutic use of caffeine for premature newborns is associated with changes in sleep habits and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea in childhood. Methods: This is a cross-sectional single-center study in which the caretakers of 87 children aged 5–10 years, born full-term or preterm, treated or not with caffeine in the neonatal period, answered questionnaires to screen for obstructive sleep apnea (Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening Tool [PosaST]) and to characterize the sleep habits (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire [CSHQ]) of their children. ANOVA and linear regression tests were performed to verify possible differences between the groups. Results: Children born prematurely who were treated with caffeine woke up significantly later on weekdays than those born at term (09h±00h58 and 07h43±1h15, respectively, p=0.022) and had longer total daily sleep time also compared to those born at term (10h24±1h08 and 09h29±1h08, respectively, p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the three groups in overall PosaST and CSHQ scores. Conclusions: Caffeine use in the neonatal period did not impair sleep habits later in life and did not lead to increased obstructive sleep apnea scores in prematurely born children compared to those born at term.
Temporal trends in vaccination coverage in the first year of life in Brazil
Authors: Neves Ana Beatriz Batista , Silva Lucas Emanuel de Oliveira , Amaral Gabriela Morais Celestino , Silva Maria Rosa da , Santos Júnior Claudio José dos
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trends in vaccination coverage (VC) during the first year of life of children in Brazil. Methods: Data on VC for the first year of life from 2011 to 2020 for Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), hepatitis B, polio, pentavalent, and triple viral vaccines at the national, regional, and state levels were obtained from the Information System of the National Immunization Program. Trends were analyzed using Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression models and average annual percent change (APC) estimates. Results: Decreasing trends were observed for the BCG (APC −3.58%; p<0.05), pentavalent (APC −4.10%; p<0.05), polio (APC −2.76%; p<0.05), and triple viral (APC −2.56%; p<0.05) vaccines in the country. Hepatitis B vaccine was the only vaccine that displayed stationary behavior (APC −4.22%; p>0.05). During the study period, no increasing trends were observed in any territory or vaccine. Conclusions: This study shows a recent significant reduction and decreasing trends in VC during the first year of life of children in Brazil, indicating the need for interventions to curb this ongoing phenomenon and to recover acceptable VC rates in the country.
Leprosy in children under fifteen years of age in the most hyperendemic municipality in Brazil
Authors: Costa Ricardo Milhomem , Menezes Marcela Silva , Guimarães Maria Sortênia Alves , Franchi Eliane Patrícia Pereira , Monteiro Lorena Dias , Alvim Mariana Caroline Tocantins
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe leprosy involvement and physical disability profiles in children and adolescents under 15 years old. Methods: Ecological time series study, based on data from the Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Information System, including new cases of leprosy residing in Palmas (TO), from 2001 to 2020. Results: A total of 471 notified cases in children and adolescents under 15 years of age were evaluated, resulting in a detection coefficient of 26.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. Of these, 52% (n=243) were women, 5% (n=24) corresponded to grade two disability, and 36% (n=168) were diagnosed through spontaneous demand. The temporal trend analysis showed a 0.5% reduction in the detection coefficient. There was a significant decrease in the diagnosis of the undetermined and tuberculoid clinical forms and a significant increase in the dimorphous form. Diagnosis through contact examination increased significantly by 13.1% and that through spontaneous demand decreased by 4.9%. The detection coefficient of cases with grade two disability reduced significantly by 7.4% while those with grade one increased by 16.8%. Conclusions: Despite the downward trend in the detection coefficient in children and adolescents under 15 years of age and in cases with grade two disability, other factors indicate failure in the adequate management of leprosy in Palmas.
A EDUCAÇÃO ESTÉTICA NO DEBATE PEDAGÓGICO EM MINAS GERAIS (DÉCADAS DE 1920 E 1930)
Authors: Rezende Nádia Bueno
Published: October 2023

Resumo Proposições de educação estética foram pautas dos debates ocorridos no campo educacional em Minas Gerais/Brasil, durante as décadas de 1920 e 1930, quando, nacionalmente, uma renovação pedagógica era postulada. Neste artigo, buscamos os sentidos dessas proposições, embasados nos estudos de Rancière e Eagleton, que abordam a polissemia da estética na modernidade. Acessamos as concepções, prescrições e práticas que foram pautadas pelo argumento da educação estética, presentes em leis e decretos relativos ao ensino, em orientações mais amplas sobre educação expressas em periódicos que debatiam as novas propostas pedagógicas, e em proposições relacionadas a conteúdos específicos, tais como desenho, canto/música e ginástica. Sem embargo da polissemia observada, verificamos que os significados das proposições de educação estética frequentemente convergiram sobre a necessidade de modificar os hábitos e costumes das crianças, elevá-los por meio da educação de seus corpos, seus sentidos e sensibilidades, segundo padrões tidos como mais belos, higiênicos e nacionalistas.
Phonological Assessment Instrument: evidence of content validity and response processes
Authors: Bernardi Ana Carolina Sartori , Botura Camila , Alves Giovana Sopezack , Ribas Letícia Pacheco
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose to demonstrate the validity of content and the validity of response processes of an instrument intended for the phonological assessment of children. Methods validation was carried out in two stages by two different groups of judges, a group of specialists and a group of non-specialists. The first group, composed of three expert judges, evaluated the 123 lexical items after creating the instrument, judging the applicability of the figures in the context of child assessment, and suggesting adjustments to compose the content. From the observations, the instrument was adapted and directed to the group of non-specialist judges who, through the application of the instrument, had their responses evaluated according to the ease or difficulty of eliciting the instrument's items. Results The predictions obtained positive results for content validity and response processes. Conclusion the study allowed to improve the test items more judiciously, benefiting clinical and scientific use.
Avaliação da regulação das custas forenses e sua correlação com o nível de judicialização: evidência das Justiças estaduais brasileiras no período de 2009 a 2018
Authors: Coelho Daniela Thomes
Published: October 2023

Resumo Baseada na análise econômica do Direito, a teoria da litigância propõe um modelo teórico em que são identificados os fatores que influenciam a tomada de decisão acerca do acionamento ou não do Poder Judiciário quando os agentes se encontram diante de um cenário de conflito. De acordo com esse modelo normativo, o baixo custo para o acionamento dos tribunais pode constituir em um incentivo à judicialização. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar se a variação do valor das custas forenses pode influenciar a quantidade de litígios. Especificamente, é testada empiricamente a existência de correlação entre a alteração da regulação estadual das custas forenses e o nível de judicialização, medido sobre a variação percentual da quantidade de processos no ano subsequente. A pesquisa adotou abordagem quantitativa e descritiva, tendo sido considerados dados sobre as custas forenses e o número de processos dos tribunais estaduais brasileiros entre os anos de 2009 e 2018. Por meio de um teste estatístico de diferença de médias, foi possível identificar que reduções das custas estão relacionadas a um aumento médio de 6% na quantidade de processos no ano seguinte. Já para os aumentos das custas, não foi possível identificar relação com reduções dos números de processos.
Evaluation of potato clones for agronomic and processing traits in conventional and organic crop systems
Authors: Silva Giovani O da , Carvalho Agnaldo DF de , Ragassi Carlos Francisco , Pereira Arione da S , Bortoletto Antônio César , Feldberg Nelson P , Lopes Carlos Alberto , Emygdio Beatriz M
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the performance of potato genotypes for tuber yield, processing quality traits, and plant vigor, under conventional and organic crop systems. The experiments in conventional system were carried out during the springs of 2018 and 2019 in Canoinhas-SC, while both conventional and organic crop systems were performed in 2020‘s winter in Brasília-DF, Brazil. Fourteen advanced clones, five of them selected in organic system (OS), and check cultivars Atlantic (chipping), Markies, and Asterix (french fry) were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Clones F63-10-13A and EP121 performed well for tuber yield in all experiments. F129-12-08 presented a good frying quality, and F63-12-04 had a tuber yield and frying quality similar to ‘Asterix‘. OD38-06 had a tuber yield similar to ‘Asterix‘ and ‘Markies‘, and frying quality similar to ‘Markies‘. In general, the clones developed in the OS had better performance in that system, however some of them also performed well in the conventional system, while some developed in conventional system also performed well in the OS, such as F63-10-13A.
Collective mental health: a review of the concept in the academic literature of Brazil, Colombia, and Spain
Authors: Hernández-Holguín Dora María , López Beatriz Elena Arias , Martínez-Hernáez Ángel
Published: October 2023

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The notion of collective mental health refers to an alternative proposal to the biomedical and behavioral perspective that has been gaining centrality in academic publications in Brazil, Spain, and Colombia, especially in the last two decades. METHOD: In order to understand the meaning acquired by this notion, an analysis of the concept was carried out through a narrative review that used intentional criteria for the selection of the material. RESULTS: nuances were identified in each country and/or its associated problems, in close connection with the historical and socio-cultural particularities of each scenario. Violence related to asylum logic (Brazil, Spain), and those derived from armed conflict and political violence (Colombia) are the problems where collective mental health provides epistemological and practical guidelines for accompaniment in contexts of social suffering. CONCLUSION: the delimitation between the collective and the community is the main conceptual challenge that emerges from the intersection between mental health and collective health.
Health and leprosy conferences: sayings and silences about the neglected disease and its stigmas
Authors: Pegaiani Kauanne Naysa Alves , Pinto Noeleni de Souza , Batiston Adriane Pires , Santos Mara Lisiane de Moraes dos , Cabral Károl Veigas , Belloc Márcio Mariath , Ferla Alcindo Antônio
Published: October 2023

Abstract Seen as a serious public health problem in different locations, leprosy is marked by taboos and carried by stigma. It is a neglected disease and made up of several explanations throughout history, which update living marks of the past, including in the implementation of public policies. Health conferences are spaces for society to participate in the definition of policies, aiming to impact the care plan of different illnesses. The objective of this article is to understand the relevance and perspectives pointed to public policies for the care of people affected by leprosy present in the municipal, state, and national stages of the 16th National Health Conference. This is a documentary research based on the final reports and in the wake of the ascending process of the 16th National Health Conference. The results show the lack of visibility of leprosy in the reports of the municipal and state stages of the conference and, in the national stage, the record has a double emphasis: producing visibility about the disease and its context, claiming to update social mobilization around it and permanent education actions aimed at workers.
Sociobiodiversidade na Alimentação Escolar: os desafios e as potencialidades de um campo em construção no município de Mostardas-RS
Authors: Hendler Vanessa Magnus , Ruiz Eliziane Nicolodi Francescato , Oliveira Luciana Dias de
Published: October 2023

Resumo Este trabalho busca apreender os desafios que perpassam o processo, em curso, de inserção de alimentos da sociobiodiversidade na alimentação escolar, no município de Mostardas, no Rio Grande do Sul, bem como analisar os possíveis resultados desse movimento in loco. A respeito do percurso metodológico, em decorrência do contexto pandêmico de covid-19, foram realizadas entrevistas por telefone e/ou pelo aplicativo WhatsApp© com atores que tivessem, de algum modo, envolvimento no processo de inclusão de alimentos da sociobiodiversidade no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, como nutricionistas, comunidade escolar, entidades locais, agricultores(as) familiares e pesquisadores(as). Assim, recorreu-se à abordagem qualitativa, tanto para a geração do material empírico quanto para a análise dos dados. Acerca dos resultados, foram identificados desafios relacionados ao plano da produção, do consumo e do abastecimento. E, ainda, no âmbito das políticas públicas, foram constatados entraves relacionados ao acesso a determinados programas federais, burocracia dos processos e falta de iniciativas por parte do poder público local. Com relação aos possíveis desdobramentos do movimento em questão, os participantes manifestaram repercussões sobre a saúde, a qualidade da alimentação, o meio ambiente e a economia local, o que impactaria positivamente sobre a Soberania e a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional.
A LUTA POR UM MUSEU PÚBLICO DA MATA ATLÂNTICA: HISTÓRIA, MEMÓRIA E IDENTIDADE DO MUSEU DE BIOLOGIA PROF. MELLO LEITÃO (1984-2014)
Authors: SEVILHA FABÍULA
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O Museu de Biologia Professor Mello Leitão foi fundado por Augusto Ruschi em 1949, em Santa Teresa (ES). Em 1984, o museu foi transferido para o Ministério da Educação e Cultura, transformando-o em uma instituição pública. A partir daí, houve um longo processo de (re)construção da identidade institucional. Neste artigo, é realizada a investigação sobre como o MBML passou de projeto particular à uma instituição dedicada à pesquisa, difusão e conservação da Mata Atlântica Central. É defendido que tal dinâmica se dá em paralelo à definição do conceito de Mata Atlântica e de sua ascensão à condição de imprescindibilidade na agenda ambiental global difundida com a Rio-92.
COLONIZAÇÃO E TRANSFORMAÇÃO DE PAISAGENS NA FLORESTA COM ARAUCÁRIAS NO SÉCULO XX
Authors: SÁ DÉBORA NUNES DE , NODARI EUNICE SUELI , GERHARDT MARCOS
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Este artigo interpreta parte dos processos migratórios e de colonização ocorridos no Sul do Brasil e em Misiones, na Argentina, na área da floresta com araucárias, impulsionados por companhias colonizadoras privadas e políticas públicas de repovoamento do século XX. Utiliza estudos de engenheiros agrônomos e de outros estudiosos argentinos que identificaram a área de distribuição da Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze em Misiones. Discute, assim, o processo de exploração da araucária e de outras espécies arbóreas nativas no desenvolvimento econômico de Misiones e as correspondentes redução e fragmentação dos ecossistemas florestais, a construção de paisagens e a perda de biodiversidade.
PENSAR A HISTÓRIA EM TERRITÓRIOS CHEIOS: A IMPORTÂNCIA DO CONCEITO DE BIOMAS BRASILEIROS
Authors: PÁDUA JOSÉ AUGUSTO
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O artigo defende a importância do conceito de biomas brasileiros, tanto para a análise histórico-ambiental quanto para o desenvolvimento da legislação e das políticas públicas voltadas para a conservação do mundo natural. Além de discutir as linhas gerais da genealogia do conceito, argumenta que ele é especialmente útil para visualizar a construção territorial do país como um todo, apresentando claros limites para uma análise regional e microrregional minuciosa. A representação sintética dos biomas facilita a percepção sinóptica das regiões ecológicas do Brasil. Tal percepção vai ao encontro da adoção de uma premissa metodológica básica da história ambiental: a necessidade de investigar o movimento das sociedades humanas no contexto de territórios cheios e coloridos pela diversidade de seres vivos e dinâmicas geológicas que existem concretamente nos diferentes espaços do planeta. Ou seja, superar a simplificação apresentada por uma cartografia apenas política e centrada exclusivamente na ação humana. O artigo analisa, por fim, alguns exemplos da rica historiografia já existente sobre a história dos biomas, chamando a atenção para a importância de conhecer a produção que emerge no âmbito das várias regiões do país, tanto nos espaços acadêmicos quanto nos da literatura em geral.
Antioxidation and Hepatoprotection of Selenium Mycelium Polysaccharides Against Alcoholic Liver Diseases from the Cultivated Morel Mushroom Morchella esculenta (Ascomycota)
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , Wang Li , He Jiaqi , Wang Haoze , Xin Wenqi , Wang Houpeng , Zhang Jianjun
Published: October 2023

The liver was regarded as the most important metabolic and detoxification organ in vivo, and Morchella esculenta had been reported as the admittedly rare edible fungus belonging to Ascomycetes contributing to the abundant bioactivities. The objective of this study aimed to confirm the potential antioxidant activities of selenium mycelium polysaccharides (Se-MIP) from M. esculenta against alcoholic liver diseases (ALD) in mice. The results indicated that a selenium concentration of 25 μg/mL exhibited potential in vitro antioxidant capacities of Se-MIP. The in vivo mice results demonstrated that Se-MIP showed potential anti-ALD effects by improving the antioxidant activities and alleviating the hepatic dysfunctions. The present conclusions suggested that Se-MIP could be used as a candidate on improving ALD and its complications for further clinical investigations.
A new dynamic model of thermal degradation of polymer binary mixes submitted through pyrolysis
Authors: Bellón-Hernández Oscar Alexander , Riscanevo Espitia Diana Yadith , Rodríguez Hernández Ariel Adolfo
Published: October 2023

This paper shows the validation process of a dynamic model proposed to represent the one-step thermal degradation reaction of individual components in polymer mixtures. It is complicated to model the process of thermal degradation of polymer mixtures inside pyrolysis reactors. Inside the MPW reactor, the distribution of polymeric components in the mixture is shuffled. It occurs high-temperature gradients, and it is difficult to achieve a uniform heat transfer. All these factors make it complicated to predict at all times in the process and each point of the material inside reactor the degradation reactions and the specific presence of hydrocarbon of interest. It is made a comparison between real data provided by TGA of binary mixes of plastic and the result of simulated thermal degradation obtained using a differential equation of the model for thermal degradation of the same plastics. The polymer used in this study were Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) and Low-Density Polyethylene (HDPE). The results of the simulation using the dynamic model proposed were compared to the thermograms of the five samples submitted to TGA tests. The simulation results showed a reasonable degree of approximation with a mean square error of less than 5%. Those results well approximate the loss of mass of the real samples submitted to TGA tests in all the temperature range of the process. Consequently, it is not necessary to segment the process into sub-ranges to look for parameters in each one of them.
Técnicas de integración: sustitución trigonométrica
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Pacheco Pinilla Claudia Marcela , López Hernández Lina Shirley
Published: October 2023

La integral de funciones es fundamental en la aplicación de situaciones en ingeniería, como es lo referente a estática, resistencia de materiales, hidráulica, estructural, entre otros; por esto, se hace necesario que el estudiante adquiera las competencias mínimas y suficientes para la aplicación en conceptos específicos. Para la resolución de integrales existen diversas técnicas; sustitución, partes, racionales, etcétera y hay integrales que solo se pueden resolver por un único método. En esta nota de clase se tratará la técnica de sustitución trigonométrica, ya que, con esto se trabajan varios conceptos ya vistos y así se pueden reforzar. Esta técnica implica manejar las identidades trigonométricas, funciones o relaciones trigonométricas, los casos de integración trigonométrica y las integrales básicas o directas.
Nineteenth-Century Infrastructures before ‘Infrastructure’
Authors: Kirkby Nicola
Published: October 2023

What is at stake when we bring nineteenth-century projects into dialogue with critical infrastructure studies? This introduction highlights the conceptual, material, and geopolitical stakes of Victorian infrastructure, as explored in contributions to this issue of 19. By opening up margins of contested meaning in and around large-scale systems during a unique period of development, this introduction lays a foundation for the road ahead in nineteenth-century infrastructure studies.
The Manifestations and Trajectories of Deliberative Constitution-Making: An Analysis of the ConstDelib Country Reports
Authors: Burks Deven
Published: October 2023

Deliberative democratic theorists and practitioners have increasingly taken constitution-making as an object of study and a target for action. Yet they most often lack a comprehensive picture of the variety of, and narratives about, constitutional deliberative events. I therefore undertake a systematic inventory of what I call the manifestations and trajectories of deliberative constitution-making. First, I conduct a literature review to defend my claim that deliberative constitutionalists have not yet provided an adequate event-typology. I also identify three institutional design features – connectivity, complementarity, cyclicality – to which event organizers should be particularly sensitive. Second, I explain my methodology and case-selection from the ConstDelib country reports and identify three variables which track the similarities and differences in constitutional deliberative events: the sequencing of the event in a constitution-making timeline; the anticipated event output; whether constitution-making actors have a duty of response to the output. Third, I explain how the interaction between these variables yields four manifestations of constitutional deliberative events: depending on the convener, these may manifest as “inside” or “outside” versions of “constitutional convention”, “quality control”, “value mapping”, or “institutional experiment”. Fourth, I suggest that narratives about a polity’s practice of deliberative constitution-making may be framed in terms of three broad trajectories: quasi-institution; ad hocery; facade. Fifth, I put forward a menu of four general recommendations and four type-specific standards to improve event outcomes and align events and public expectations. All together, these resources contribute to the formation of a critical theory of deliberative constitution-making.
Experimental Study of Dynamic Fracture in Structurally Heterogeneous Materials on the Example of Rocks
Authors:   Melnikov Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Kochanov Alexei N.
Published: October 2023

The development of micro- and macrocracks in rocks under dynamic influence is considered. The important role of structural features of rocks on this process is noted. Based on ultrasound studies, it is shown that rock samples, as a rule, are heterogeneous and differ in the distribution of longitudinal wave velocity values in certain local regions. The initial heterogeneity determines the spatial development of the microcrack development area under external influence. Using optical microscopy and computer X-ray microtomography, the parameters of microcracks were determined on the example of granite after exposure. Experimental studies using optical, electron and scanning confocal laser microscopy were performed to evaluate the parameters of microcracks in granite. Structural features of rocks affect the nature of the development, trajectory and speed of crack propagation.
Basal forebrain: anatomy and clinical presentation of injury
Authors: Ishkinin R. E. , Pitskhelauri D. I. , Bykanov A. E.
Published: October 2023

The basal forebrain is a complex anatomic region with a lot of nuclei and fibers. Tumors or direct lesions of this area do not always manifest clinically despite it taking a part in behavior, emotion and cognition. A deep understanding of the anatomy of the gray matter and associative pathways passing through the basal forebrain allows us to take a different look at clinical manifestations in the preand postoperative period. Based on the literature review, we tried to describe the anatomical, phylogenetic and functional connections of the basal forebrain with surrounding regions and analyze what changes in clinical symptoms appear when it is locally damaged.
Endovascular treatment of distal cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Senko I. V. , Kisilev V. S. , Sosnov A. O. , Perfiliev A. M. , Matveev P. D. , Ivanova P. Yu. , Rzaev D. A.
Published: October 2023

Background. Due to rare occurrence of distal cerebral aneurysms, there are very few publications devoted to endovascular treatment. Due to current progress in the endovascular surgery, the number of successfully cured patients with distal aneurysms has been increasing recently.

Aim. To determine technical capabilities and evaluate results of endovascular treatment of patients with distal intracranial aneurysms.

Materials and methods. The work is based on analysis of data of endovascular treatment among 45 patients with distal cerebral aneurysms in two neurosurgical departments of federal medical centers. Of the 45 analyzed cases 30 were without aneurysm rupture and 15 were with rupture.

Results. Endovascular treatment of the distal aneurysms made it possible to achieve good treatment results (4–5 points on the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS)) in 97.8 % of cases: 5 points on GOS – in 68.9 %, 4 points on GOS – in 28.4 %. One (2.2 %) fatal outcome was obtained. The most frequent methods of embolization were embolization of aneurysm by coils with stent assistance (37.8 %) and installation of a flow-diverter stent (28.9 %). Embolization with only coils (20 %) or occlusion of parent artery (13.3 %) were used less frequently. In 3 out of 6 patients, the occlusion of parent artery was not planned.

Conclusion. Development of endovascular surgery and technical capabilities of performing operations in the distal cerebral arteries has made it possible to form a multidisciplinary approach to choosing the optimal method of shutting off the distal aneurysm from the bloodstream, taking into account the modern possibilities of open surgery. This is especially important for patients in serious condition due to ruptured aneurysm.
Ligamentum flavum ganglion cyst of the cervical spine: a rare cause of myelopathy. Clinical observation and literature review
Authors: Basankin I. V. , Gyulzatyan A. A. , Malakhov S. B. , Didenko V. G. , Tomina M. I. , Gritsaev I. E.
Published: October 2023

Juxtafacet cysts include both synovial cysts directly from the facet capsule and ganglion cysts arising from the ligamentum flavum. Ganglion cysts of the cervical spine are extremely rare benign masses. The inner surface of the capsule of ganglion cysts consists of fibroblasts and has no anatomical connection with the capsule of the facet joint. Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice for the diagnosis of ligamentum flavum cysts, with a hyperintense round mass on T2‑weighted images with clear margins and no perifocal edema. On T1‑weighted images, an isointense signal is noted, and with contrast enhancement, the cyst wall more often accumulates a contrast. The method of choice in the surgical treatment of cysts is their total removal with sparing bone resection of the posterior vertebral structures. The outcome of surgical treatment of these formations is good with no risk of recurrence.
Traumatic Stress and Its Specificity in Life-Threatening Disease
Authors: Kharlamenkova N. E. , Nikitina D.A.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the stressor «life–threatening disease» features and the systematization of the actual traumatic stress symptoms caused by its influence. The relevance of studying this problem is associated with the emergence of new, but unsystematized information about the long-term psychological consequences of the impact of a serious illness on the human condition. The general line and the purpose of the study was the comparison of the intense and traumatic stress signs, and the determination of their specificity under the influence of the stressor «life–threatening disease». The methodological and theoretical principles of problem analysis are determined on the basis of the approach of N. V. Tarabrina to understanding the phenomenology of post–traumatic stress and construction a psychological model of PTS. Results: the article describes the characteristics of the life event «life–threatening disease», determines the stages of its manifestation, singles out a separate stressor associated with informing a person about a severe diagnosis. Signs of intense stress are represented by a number of categories denoting emotional states ¾ fright, fear, guilt, helplessness, etc. The symptoms of traumatic stress are analyzed, indicating a violation of the mechanism of identity integration, construction of a picture of the world, perception of a time perspective, denial of illness and restrictions. Explicit and implicit resources for coping with psychotraumatic experiences are determined. The theoretical provisions of the approach presented in the article are illustrated by the data of empirical studies conducted by domestic and foreign scientists. The conclusions summarize data on the characteristics of the stressor «life-threatening disease», the specifics of the traumatic stress caused by it, explicit and implicit coping resources.
Children's Grief: Theoretical Conceptualization of the Problem
Authors: Bakanova A.A.
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the theoretical conceptualization of children's grief is due to the high importance of psychological assistance to children in the situation of loss of a parent. The purpose of this article is to describe the main theoretical positions conceptualizing the idea of children's grief based on the analysis of psychological literature. Results. Theoretical analysis has shown that the problem of child grief in the literature is represented by the following 4 aspects: the impact of the loss of a parent on the mental health of a child; age-related features of child grief; the stages of child grief; ideas about normal and complicated child grief. The analysis of these aspects allowed us to conclude that throughout the history of the study of childhood grief, the position of researchers has changed from indicating an unambiguous connection between the loss of a parent in childhood and subsequent mental health disorders in adulthood to recognizing the influence of many factors on childhood grief that can help a child adapt to loss. The main theoretical provisions conceptualizing the problem of child grief at the present stage of its study are formulated as conclusions.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Psychotherapy - Integrating the Experience of an Emergency
Authors: Vasileva A.V. , Karavaeva T.A. , Radionov D.S.
Published: October 2023

Background. In domestic practice, there are still no clear ideas about effective approaches to psychotherapy, mechanisms of therapeutic effects, as well as principles and algorithms for providing assistance, despite the active development of the problems of PTSD and the presence of an evidence base for the effectiveness of therapy for this group of patients. Objective. The analysis of existing scientific publications on the use of psychotherapy in the treatment of PTSD and the definition of the basic principles and leading methods of psychotherapy used in helping people with PTSD, the formulation of algorithms for psychotherapeutic interventions and the content of the stages included in it. Materials and methods. Literature search was carried out on the databases PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, RSCI and Cochrane Library. Preference was given to the works of the last 5 years. Results. The description of various techniques and techniques of psychotherapeutic interventions is given, the principles of choosing the tactics of psychotherapeutic treatment are considered. The features are noted and the main methods of psychotherapy used for the treatment of PTSD are described. The main mechanisms of the therapeutic effect are given. The methodology and structure of the therapeutic process, the principles of the stages of care and the description of the various stages of psychotherapeutic treatment are considered. Conclusions. Each of the methods of psychotherapy considered in the work has a large evidence base and is focused on trauma, causing a direct appeal to memories of a traumatic event or thoughts and feelings associated with a traumatic event.
Empowering Farmers, Enriching Lives: The One Stop Solution for Agricultural Assistance
Authors: Naik Akshatha , Amruthamala  , Kumara Varun , Kanchan Harish , Shetty Venkatesh
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the development and evaluation of an Agriculture Farmer App designed to assist farmers in obtaining personalized scheme allotments based on crop type, income, and land area. The app also incorporates Labor availability nearby to cater to the farmers' specific requirements. The research includes a survey-based analysis to gauge the farmers' preferences and needs. Additionally, the paper outlines the architecture for information dissemination and scheme management system.
MXene/Fullerenol composites
Authors:   , Yelipashev Mykhailo , Gogotsi Yury
Published: October 2023

Transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (also known as MXenes) are a novel class of 2D materials discovered at Drexel University in 2011. These materials are produced by selective wet etching and delamination of their related MAX-phase precursors. They exhibit unique electronic, optical, mechanical, and biological properties. To date, MXenes include over 50 different structures and compositions, with more than a hundred compositions predicted computationally (more than a thousand if surface terminations are taken into account), being the largest known family of 2D materials with a wide-ranging portfolio of physicochemical properties. Although individual materials may have outstanding characteristics, their combination with other classes of materials often produces a "best of both worlds" scenario. Usually, the synthesis of these composites involves intricate chemical reactions, as well as costly and time-consuming processes. This master's thesis focused on producing composites made of 2D MXenes and 0D fullerenol molecules based on a straightforward, fast, and green approach taking advantage of the extremely versatile MXene surface chemistry. The composites under investigation were primarily based on two different types of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene: (1) showing a predominance of -OH groups as surface terminations; (2) showing a predominance of -Cl groups as surface terminations. Different multiscale characterization techniques were employed to study the resulting materials, such as XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, SEM, EDS, etc. The focus was on the effects of reaction temperature on the final material properties. Moreover, a combination of statistical analyses was performed to evaluate the reaction yield and composite properties. This thesis also discussed the challenges and perspectives of MXene/fullerenol composites.
The Impact of the Colombian Guerrilla FARC-EP on the Social Empowerment of Women
Authors: Dzięcioł Paulina , Konarska Daria , Wardzała Damian
Published: October 2023

The article answers the question of how women’s participation in the structures of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – the People’s Army (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército Popular) has contributed to their social empowerment. The first part of the paper presents the concept of empowerment. Subsequently, the article shows the reasons why women decided to join the guerrilla and their role in the organization. The last part of the paper examinates the evolution of women during and after reintegration.