bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Grammar through Form-Focused Instruction: The Case of Teaching Modal Verbs to Turkish EFL Learners
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Hüsnü
Published: December 2021

The present study attempted to explore the effectiveness of form-focused-instruction in a context where English is learned as a foreign language. In particular, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of the planned focus-on-form instruction in comparison with focus-on-forms in the acquisition of a set of modal verbs. The participants of the study were 8th grade students (n= 37) studying at a middle school in Denizli. The present study adopted a mixed-method research design. The quantitative part involved a pretest, a treatment stage, and a posttest while the qualitative part consisted of written semi-structured interviews. The data obtained from the pretest and post-test were statistically analyzed through SPSS 17.0 with the aim of measuring the effectiveness of the two instructional treatments. As for the qualitative part, interviews were translated into Turkish and the data was subjected to content analysis and thus analyzed through pattern- coding process (Miles & Huberman. 1994) to identify recurrent themes. At the end of the study, it was found that planned focus-on-form instruction was more effective than focus-on-forms instruction in the participants’ learning of target forms. In addition, at the end of the content analysis, it was found that the participants favored planned focus-on-form instruction because the they benefited from guessing the meanings out of the context as it helped them retain the knowledge for a longer period of time. In addition, the participants stated that that their exam scores have been positively affected by planned focus-on-form instruction.
Talbina as a functional food and a source of health-beneficial ingredients: a narrative review
Authors: Lahouar Lamia , Achour Lotfi , Latiri Imed
Published: December 2021

During the past two decades, several researchers have claimed that traditional foods are healthier products and better sources of micronutrients. Talbina is a well-known traditional food in North Africa, Middle East and South East Asia. Talbina is made by adding 1-2 tablespoons of barley (100% wholegrain barley) to cup of water. Cook on low heat for15 minutes in a water bath. After that a cup of Laban (fermented milk) or milk is added. It can be sweetened with honey. This broth can be used as a stock for soups or stews or as a thickener. Talbina is a healthy food helps in depression and stress relief. It has high antioxidant activity as well as anti-inflammatory. Its consumption regularly proves to be an effective and safe strategy for treating different chronic diseases. It is a rich source of different essential nutrients and antimicrobials, both of which have been linked to a reduction in chronic disease. However, Talbina has not been well studied or defined by the scientific community. This review defines Talbina and discusses the various bioactive compounds in this food and their health benefits.

Keywords: Barley wholegrain; fermented milk; natural honey; functional food; nutraceutical ingredients.
Las princesas de los videojuegos: algunos antecedentes pictóricos y literarios
Authors: Delgado Mastral Celia
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN:

Las dos sagas clásicas de videojuegos de Nintendo, Super Mario Bros., (1985-) y The Legend of Zelda (1986-) tienen entre sus elementos comunes el conocido personaje de una princesa: Peach, en el primer caso; y Zelda, en el segundo. Del estudio de las re-presentaciones formales de estas dos figuras tipificadas se desprende la pertenencia a una tradición literaria y pictórica popular que asienta unos rasgos genéricos determi-nados y las ajusta a un canon literario y pictórico. El análisis diacrónico de la prosopo-grafía femenina con hincapié en los orígenes clásicos y medievales y su posterior desarrollo durante el Renacimiento y el Barroco europeos ayuda a crear un puente de conexión con la estética pictórica novecentista y moderna de corte medievalista y su influencia en el arte del cómic y la animación japonesas, lugar de origen de sendas princesas.

ABSTRACT:

Nintendo’s classic franchises Super Mario Bros. (1985-) and The Legend of Zelda (1986-) both have as a common element the known character of a Princess: Peach, in the first videogame; and Zelda, in the second one. From the analysis of the formal rep-resentations of these two typified figures, it can be seen how they belong to a popular literary and pictorial tradition that establishes certain generic features and adjusts them to a literary and pictorial canon. The diachronic analysis of female prosopogra-phy -with emphasis on the classical and medieval origins and its subsequent develop-ment during the European Renaissance and Baroque periods- creates a connection with the Victorian and modern pictorial aesthetics of medievalist style and its influence on Japanese comics and animation, origin of both princesses.
Cell alterations induced by a biotherapic for influenza
Authors: Siqueira Camila Monteiro , Costa Beatriz Guerreiro , Ferreira Ana Maria , GonÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â§alves Marta , Da Veiga Venicio Feo , Lyrio Carlos , Takyia Christina , Branco Morgana Castelo , Zancan Patrícia , Couceiro JosÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â© Nelson , Holandino Carla
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Influenza viruses have been responsible for highly contagious acute respiratory illnesses with high mortality, mainly in the elderly, which encourages the development of new drugs for the treatment of human flu. The biotherapics are medicines prepared from biological products, which are not chemically defined. They are compounded following the homeopathic procedures indicated for infectious diseases with known etiology [1]. Aim: The purpose of the present study is to verify cellular alterations induced by a biotherapic prepared from the infectious influenza A virus. Methodology: This biotherapic was prepared for this study in the homeopathic potency of 30X according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopeia [2]. The concentration of 10% was not cytotoxic to cells, as verified by neutral red assay. The cellular alterations observed in MDCK cells were analyzed by optical microscopy for the quantification of mitosis, nucleoli and lipid bodies. The mitochondrial activity was assessed by MTT assay and the phosphosfructokinase-1 (PFK-1) enzyme activity was analyzed on the MDCK cells treated for 5, 10 and 30 days. Macrophages J778.G8 were treated with this biotherapic to evaluate the immunostimulatory cytokine release. Results: The cellular alterations observed in MDCK cells were verified by optical microscopy. The number of lipid bodies present in MDCK cells stimulated for 10 days was significantly lower (p
Evaluation of BALB/c mice behavior and relations to the immune response after treatment with H3N2 homeopathic solutions
Authors: Siqueira Camila Monteiro , Bonamin Leoni , Motta Priscila , Cardoso Thayná , Correia Michelle , Couceiro JosÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â© Nelson , Quaresma Carla Holandino
Published: December 2021

In Brazil, homeopathic medicines are prepared according to the Homeopathic Pharmacopeia, regulated by ANVISA. Among several categories of medicines, there is the biotherapic group, which is prepared from etiologic agents. In this study, we developed a biotherapic from influenza A virus, aiming the influenza infection prevention. Influenza is a disease that affects thousands of people worldwide every year, with an important economic impact, what motivates the development of new low cost therapies. The H3N2 biotherapic developed in this study was administered to Balb/c mice to evaluate their immune response to viral specific antigens and behavior (homeopathic proving). Sixty-two 4 weeks old Balb/c mice were divided into five experimental groups (n=14 per group), after approval by the Ethics Committee of Animal Use (Protocol DFBCICB 037) and stimulated daily, blindly, with 1% (v/v) different homeopathic medicines, for a maximum period of 42 days. The tested medicines were: biotherapic 30x prepared from inactivated influenza A virus; biotherapic 30x prepared with infectious influenza A virus; and thymulin 5cH, a thymus hormone. The two control groups were treated with water 30x and nothing (baseline group). After 21 days of treatment, half of the animals from each group was challenged subcutaneously with the viral hemagglutinin antigen (7 mg / 200 mL) and monitored by 21 days further, to evaluate the humoral immune response and general behavior, using an open field device. The remaining animals were evaluated by the same behavioral tests at the end of the first 21 days, as an attempt to define the proving features. After euthanasia, all animals were autopsied and the spleen, lungs, heart and mediastine lymph nodes were weighed. Histometry of the spleen follicles was also made. Histopathological and behavioral analyses showed absence of behavioral effects, however, there was increase of spleen lymphoid follicles diameter in immunized animals treated with thymulin and with the biotherapic prepared from infectious influenza A, when compared to the control group. This experiment is being repeated using flow cytometry to complete the analysis and confirm the results.
Estimating Bayes factors from minimal summary statistics in repeated measures analysis of variance designs
Authors: Faulkenberry Thomas
Published: December 2021

In this paper, I develop a formula for estimating Bayes factors directly from minimal summary statistics produced in repeated measures analysis of variance designs. The formula, which requires knowing only the F-statistic, the number of subjects, and the number of repeated measurements per subject, is based on the BIC approximation of the Bayes factor, a common default method for Bayesian computation with linear models. In addition to providing computational examples, I report a simulation study in which I demonstrate that the formula compares favorably to a recently developed, more complex method that accounts for correlation between repeated measurements. The minimal BIC method provides a simple way for researchers to estimate Bayes factors from a minimal set of summary statistics, giving users a powerful index for estimating the evidential value of not only their own data, but also the data reported in published studies.
Private household concepts and their operationalisation in cross-national social surveys
Authors: Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik Juergen , Warner Uwe
Published: December 2021

Starting with the input-harmonised and methodically controlled European Social Survey (ESS), moving on to the national censuses, and then turning our attention to the three groups participating in surveys (researchers, interviewers and respondents), we discover that the private household concept is defined in many different ways. Each of these definitions entails a different household composition. Using an example, we demonstrate how different definitions of private household (and different household compositions) affect the socio-economic status and income of the household. Ultimately, a variation in the definition of private household is enough to raise or lower the national poverty line. Our findings lead us to propose that "private household" be operationalised across countries in a way that guarantees that persons can be unequivocally assigned to households on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Clustering of attribute and/or relational data
Authors: Ferligoj Anuška , Kronegger Luka
Published: December 2021

A large class of clustering problems can be formulated as an optimizational problem in which the best clustering is searched for among all feasible clustering according to a selected criterion function. This clustering approach can be applied to a variety of very interesting clustering problems, as it is possible to adapt it to a concrete clustering problem by an appropriate specification of the criterion function and/or by the definition of the set of feasible clusterings. Both, the blockmodeling problem (clustering of the relational data) and the clustering with relational constraint problem (clustering of the attribute and relational data) can be very successfully treated by this approach. It also opens many new developments in these areas. The paired clustering approaches are applied to the Slovenian scientific collaboration data.
Investments in renewable energy sources in OPEC members
Authors: Romano Antonio , Scandurra Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

In this paper we analyze the key factors promoting the investments in renewable energy sources in a panel dataset of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) members. To address these issues, a dynamic panel analysis of renewable investments in the sample of OPEC with distinct economic and social structures, in the years between 1980 and 2009, is proposed. Results confirm that key factors promoting investments in renewable energy sources are similar to other studies which include more developed countries. However, lack of grants and/or incentives to promote the installations of new renewable power plants is a limit for the future and sustainable development of these countries.
review of capital structure theory using a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Marinšek Denis
Published: December 2021

Author citation and co-citation analysis is a simple, yet powerful educational tool for detecting the most relevant papers from any research field. I demonstrate its use and graphically show a chronological development of capital structure theory, which highlights the most important contributions. I then systematically present the capital structure theory, starting with Modigliani & Miller's irrelevance theorem, and continue with four alternative explanations of firm capital structure behaviour. This paper is particularly useful for PhD students and junior researchers who need to familiarize with the literature of their own research field, and for those, interested in the up-to-date review on capital structure theory.
Evaluation of direct and indirect blockmodeling of regular equivalence in valued networks by simulations
Authors: Žiberna Aleš
Published: December 2021

The aim of the paper is to compare and evaluate different approaches to detecting regular equivalence classes of valued networks. The evaluated approaches include different versions of REGE (indirect approaches) and generalized blockmodeling approaches (direct approaches). In addition to the approaches designed to detect regular equivalence, some approaches designed to detect structural equivalence are also included for comparison. The evaluation is done by means of simulations. Networks of 11 and 25 units were generated based on different known (max-)regular blockmodels and partitions. The obtained partitions were compared to the original (known) partition using the Adjusted Rand Index. The results show that homogeneity blockmodeling, implicit blockmodeling and REGE are usually the best approaches for detecting regular equivalence. The most surprising result is that methods for detecting structural equivalence preformed relatively well on networks generated based on (max)-regular equivalence, better then several approaches designed to detect regular equivalence.
Behind the curve and beyond
Authors: Becker Bastian
Published: December 2021

Parameter coefficients from non-linear models are inherently difficult to interpret, and scholars frequently opt for computing and comparing predicted probabilities for variables of interest. In an influential article, Hanmer and Ozan Kalkan (2013) discuss the two most common approaches, the average case respectively observed values approach, and make a strong case for the latter. In this paper, I propose a further refinement of the observed values approach for the purpose of computing predicted probability changes. This refinement concerns the use of counterfactual values for the independent variable of interest. I demonstrate that accounting for non-linearities with regards to the variable of interest is important to avoid estimation biases. I also discuss the implications of this insight for estimating average treatment effects from observational data.
The distribution of the ratio of normal random variables and the ellipticity of the Earth
Authors: Kordas Gregory , Petrakos George
Published: December 2021

In this paper we consider inference regarding the ratio of two normal and the ratio of two t-distributed random variables, using both the popular Fieller interval, as well as, exact distributions. We apply these methods to a historical dataset regarding the shape of the Earth, and estimate the Earth's flatness coefficient as a ratio of regression coefficients. We demonstrate the equivalence of the inference using the exact density of this ratio with that using the Fieller interval.
comparison of the most commonly used measures of association for doubly ordered square contingency tables via simulation
Authors: Göktaş Atila , İşçi Öznur
Published: December 2021

Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficient, Gamma coefficient, Kendall's tau-b, Kendall's tau-c, and Somers' d are the most commonly used measures of association for doubly ordered contingency tables. So far there has been no study expressing a priority on those measures of association. The aim of this study is to compare those measures of association for several types and different sample sizes of generated squared doubly ordered contingency tables and determine which measures of association are more efficient. It is found that both the sample sizes and the dimension of the doubly ordered contingency tables play a significant role on the effect of those measures of association.
Preface to the special issue
Authors: Coenders Germà , Doreian Patrick
Published: December 2021

This special issue is devoted to the studies done to predict PhD students' academic performance carried out by the INSOC (International Network on Social Capital and Performance) research group.
ROC curve, lift chart and calibration plot
Authors: Vuk Miha , Curk Tomaž
Published: December 2021

This paper presents ROC curve, lift chart and calibration plot, three well known graphical techniques that are useful for evaluating the quality of classification models used in data mining and machine learning. Each technique, normally used and studied separately, defines its own measure of classification quality and its visualization. Here, we give a brief survey of the methods and establish a common mathematical framework which adds some new aspects, explanations and interrelations between these techniques. We conclude with an empirical evaluation and a few examples on how to use the presented techniques to boost classification accuracy.
Identifying time trends in advertising expenditure components
Authors: Košmelj Katarina , Žabkar Vesna
Published: December 2021

The study analyzes the components of advertising spending for a group of European countries with stable total advertising spending over the period 1994–2007. Three components of advertising spending were considered: Electronic, Print, and Online. Our main objective was to study how the components were restructured within the period under study and to find clusters of similar countries. A specific distance for time series, which is expressed as a linear combination of a standard distance measure and the weights, was to be used. The standard distance used for compositional data is the Aitchison distance, however it was found unsuitable due to zero and near zero values in the Online component. As a simple alternative a linear regression model on the components was used, followed by standard cluster analysis on the regression estimates. Results enable a deeper insight into the level of each component and into the structural changes in components for clusters of examined countries.
From busy bees to science geeks and party animals
Authors: Kogovšek Tina , Hlebec Valentina , Ferligoj Anuška
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we focus on the importance of social relations for the performance of individuals and, more specifically, for the academic performance of doctoral students in Slovenia. The basic assumption here, which also finds support in the literature, is that a person's performance largely depends on the relationships they have with important others within the organization. An individual's performance is also the result of individual traits such as competence, intelligence, experience, attitudes and personality. In this paper we are interested in how these different social (network) and individual factors shape the performance of doctoral students in Slovenia. On the basis of several factors established in previous studies we formulate a typology of Slovenian doctoral students. The study was conducted on a sample of 117 doctoral students in Slovenia. The data were collected in 2003 as part of the International Network on Social Capital and Performance (INSOC) research project. The results show that a clustering into five groups is the optimal solution and confirms some findings of previous studies. Good integration into the research group, a good relationship with the supervisor, a strong motivation to do the PhD, and the importance of the work seem to be the factors most beneficial to academic performance. However, the results also reveal that social relationship and attitudinal indicators have a more complex and not always a linear relationship with performance.
bad mathematics of the bad luck theory
Authors: Beliaeva Mariia
Published: December 2021

The mathematics of the Bad Luck theory of carcinogenesis by Tomasetti and Vogelstein generated a great deal of controversy among cancer specialists but did not draw the mathematicians' attention. Thus the gross mathematical mistakes of the theory foundation did not get a proper critique and remained unnoticed. As a result, the sensational quantitative estimates of the role of Bad Luck in cancer occurrence, though being erroneous, have spread widely among researchers and the general public and got the unfair popularity. The present paper reviews the actual mathematical mistakes of Bad Luck theory.
Impact of questionnaire length and complexity on survey time
Authors: Žmuk Berislav
Published: December 2021

In case of web surveys, researchers struggle to achieve satisfactory response rates and to collect data of good quality. Those two problems could be mitigated by a thorough approach to the questionnaire design and by changing questionnaire elements that could have an impact on the questionnaire length and complexity levels. In the paper, the questionnaire length and complexity are quantified by observing survey times or the times that respondents need to complete the provided questionnaire. The questionnaire length and complexity levels have an impact on survey times and consequently on response rates. The aim of the paper is to investigate how different questionnaire lengths and complexity levels influence survey times. The selected questionnaire length and complexity determinants are observed using the case of two different questionnaire versions. Those questionnaire versions have been used in a business web survey of Croatian enterprises. The results have shown that on average the long questionnaire version is twice longer and 142% more complex than the short questionnaire version. However, due to the interaction effect of length and complexity determinants, the long questionnaire version has on average 119% higher questionnaire length and complexity level than the short questionnaire version. The analysis has shown that this increase of the questionnaire length and complexity had a different impact on enterprises with different characteristics. Furthermore, the increase of the questionnaire length and complexity level did not lead to a proportionate increase in survey time at the overall enterprises level.
Interval prediction of order statistics based on records by employing inter-record times
Authors: Amini Morteza , MirMostafaee Seyed Mohammad Taghi Kamel
Published: December 2021

In this note, we propose a parametric inferential procedure for predicting future order statistics, based on record values, which takes inter-record times into account. We utilize the additional information contained in inter-record times for predicting future order statistics on the basis of observed record values from an independent sample. The two parameter exponential distribution is assumed to be the underlying distribution.
Correcting measurement error bias in interaction models with small samples
Authors: Bisbe Josep , Coenders Germà , Saris Willem , Batista-Foguet Joan
Published: December 2021

Several methods have been suggested to estimate non-linear models with interaction terms in the presence of measurement error. Structural equation models eliminate measurement error bias, but require large samples. Ordinary least squares regression on summated scales, regression on factor scores and partial least squares are appropriate for small samples but do not correct measurement error bias. Two stage least squares regression does correct measurement error bias but the results strongly depend on the instrumental variable choice. This article discusses the old disattenuated regression method as an alternative for correcting measurement error in small samples. The method is extended to the case of interaction terms and is illustrated on a model that examines the interaction effect of innovation and style of use of budgets on business performance. Alternative reliability estimates that can be used to disattenuate the estimates are discussed. A comparison is made with the alternative methods. Methods that do not correct for measurement error bias perform very similarly and considerably worse than disattenuated regression.
concept of ethnicity and its operationalisation in cross-national social surveys
Authors: Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik Jürgen , Warner Uwe
Published: December 2021

This article describes the development of an instrument for the measurement of ethnicity in cross-national comparative survey research. First, we identify the data that must to be collected on ethnicity as a core variable . We then examine the way in which the national statistics offices of the European states and the major social science surveys handle this theme. And finally we present our own instrument for the measurement of ethnicity as a background variable.
Web survey paradata on response time outliers
Authors: Matjašič Miha , Vehovar Vasja , Lozar Manfreda Katja
Published: December 2021

In the last two decades, survey researchers have intensively used computerised methods for the collection of different types of paradata, such as keystrokes, mouse clicks and response times, to evaluate and improve survey instruments as well as to understand the survey response process. With the growing popularity of web surveys, the importance of paradata has further increased. Within this context, response time measurement is the prevailing paradata approach. Papers typically analyse the time (measured in milliseconds or seconds) a respondent needs to answer a certain item, question, page or questionnaire. One of the key challenges when analysing the response time is to identify and separate units that are answering too quickly or too slowly. These units can have a poor response quality and are typically labelled as response time outliers. This paper focuses on approaches for identifying and processing response time outliers. It presents a systematic overview of scientific papers on response time outliers in web surveys. The key observed characteristics of the papers are the approaches used, the level of time measurement, the processing of response time outliers and the relationship between response time and response quality. The results show that knowledge on response time outliers is scattered, inconsistent and lacking systematic comparisons of approaches. Consequently, there is a need to improve and upgrade the knowledge on this issue and to develop new approaches that will overcome existing deficiencies and inconsistencies in identifying and dealing with response time outliers.
BRICS-T ÜLKELERİ İÇİN İŞSİZLİK HİSTERİSİ Mİ, YOKSA DOĞAL ORAN HİPOTEZİ Mİ GEÇERLİDİR?
Authors: UĞUR Burak , ATILGAN Dilek
Published: December 2021

İşsizlik toplumun her kesimini ilgilendiren bir konu olmakla birlikte bu oranın artması hem arz hem de talep kanalıyla birtakım sorunlara (düşük büyüme ve gelir dağımlı adaletsizliği gibi) yol açmaktadır. Bu sebeple işsizlik oranlarının incelenmesi, serilerdeki değişimlerin analiz edilmesi ve modellenmesi çok önemlidir. Doğal işsizlik oranı, ekonomide uzun dönemde geçerli olan işsizlik oranını göstermektedir. Artan işsizliğin doğal işsizlik oranına geri dönmesine yönelik temel iki ön sav mevcuttur. Birinci sav, ekonomide meydana gelen bir krizden sonra işsizlik oranlarının yükselerek eski doğal oranına geri gelemeyeceğini savunan histeri hipotezidir. Bu sürecin ekonometrik anlamı işsizlik oranının düzeyde birim kök içermesidir. İkinci sav ise ekonomide meydana gelen şoklardan sonra işsizliğin doğal oran olarak adlandırılan aynı seviyeye geri döneceğini savunan doğal oran hipotezidir. Bu sürecin ekonometrik anlamı işsizlik oranın düzeyde durağan süreç içermesidir. Çalışma kapsamında BRICS-T ülke grubunda (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye) doğal oran hipotezinin mi yoksa işsizlik histerisi yaklaşımının mı geçerli olduğu incelenmiştir. Ekonometrik yöntem olarak “kesitler arası bağımlılığı ve yapısal kırılmaları dikkate alan Fourier yaklaşımına dayanan Panel LM birim kök testi” kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, analize dâhil edilen BRICS-T ülke grubunda, işsizlik histerisi yaklaşımının geçerliliği olduğunu göstermektedir.
Üretimin Parçalanması ve Uluslararası Outsourcing Ticareti
Authors: GENCER Salih
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada üretimin uluslararası parçalanması ve yeni bir ticaret biçimi olarak uluslararası outsourcing ticaretinin ortaya çıkışı açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Öncelikle üretimin parçalanmasına yönelik teorik çerçeve açıklanmıştır. Üretimin parçalanması daha önce bütünleşik süreçte üretilen bir malın üretiminin parçalanarak her bir parçanın parçalar halinde üretilmesi süreci (ürün içi uzmanlaşma) olarak ifade edilebilir. Her ülke parçalanmış üretim sürecinde farklı parçaların üretiminde uzmanlaşabilir. Fakat parçalanma maliyetsiz değildir. Hizmet köprüleri parçalanmanın firmaya yüklediği maliyetleri kapsar. Parçalanmadan (Ürün içi uzmanlaşmadan) doğan yararlar parçalanmanın firmaya yüklediği maliyetleri aştığı sürece firma parçalanmaya yönelebilecektir. Parçalanmanın neden olduğu ticaret akımlarından biri uluslararası outsourcing ticaretidir. Uluslararası outsourcing daha önce kendi bünyesinde bütünleşik süreçte üretilen malın parçasının/parçalarının ülke dışında yerleşik yabancı bir firmadan tedarik edilmesi sürecidir.
Produção de textos dissertativo -argumentativos: uma proposta de atividades com ênfase no Enem
Authors: Rocha Francisco Tarcísio da , Pontes de Barros Leal Abniza
Published: December 2021

Reading practices and oral and written production in elementary school" is the result of experiences undertaken regarding the teaching of Portuguese in Basic Education. The book addresses the relationship between theory and practice in order to contemplate the axes of reading, writing, orality and linguistic/semiotic analysis, in line with the assumptions defended in the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC).
INFLUENCE OF LARGE-SCALE ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES ON SEASONAL RUNOFF OF LARGE SIBERIAN RIVERS
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, VASILEVSKAYA L. N. , LISINA I. A. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, VASILEVSKII D. N. ,   Far Eastern Branch, Russian Research Institute for Integrated Use and Protection of Water Resources
Published: December 2021

Based on daily runoff volumes of four large Siberian rivers (the Ob, Yenisei, Lena, and Kolyma) for 1936-2018, the regime and changes in the total annual and seasonal runoff are analyzed. High synchronous and asynchronous correlations between monthly river runoff and atmospheric circulation indices of hemispheric and regional scales are revealed. In recent decades, the total annual runoff and its variations have increased (the rate of increase is most pronounced for the Kolyma River). A change in water content within a year is heterogeneous: weak positive trends are characteristic of the spring flood runoff and the summer-autumn period, and a significant increase occurred in the winter months. High correlations with a 1-8-month shift made it possible to identify the most informative regions, the atmospheric circulation over which makes a certain contribution to the variance of river runoff.
QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND YIELD IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF INDIA
Authors:   Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India, BALVANSHI A. , TIWARI H. L. ,   Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India
Published: December 2021

The present work focuses on estimation of future evapotranspiration of paddy, maize, soybean and assessment of yields of these crops under RCP scenarios 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 for years 1997-2099 using FAO Cropwat and AquaCrop yield simulating models for the Sehore district, in central state of India. Statistically downscaled General Circulation Model CanESM2 data were used as input to Cropwat and AquaCrop tools for generation of future crop evapotranspiration and crop yield data. The AquaCrop yield model was first checked for its suitability and accuracy in prediction of yield for years 1997-2010. The future scenario RCP 8.5 shows the highest reduction in the yield of paddy (-8.5%), maize (-4.52%), and soybean (-3.93%) during the future period. It was concluded that the FAO AquaCrop model can be applied to many other crops as well as in the other regions to formulate proper cropping strategies that will help to decrease the risks due to future climate change.
HYDROLOGICAL DROUGHT FORECASTS USING MARKOV CHAINS AND REGRESSION MODELS (A CASE STUDY FOR NORTHWEST OF ALGERIA)
Authors:   University Hassiba Benbouali, Алжир, RAHMOUNI A. ,   LGEE National School of Hydraulic Engineering, MEDDI M. ,   LGEE National School of Hydraulic Engineering, HAMOUDI SAAED A. ,   University Hassiba Benbouali, Алжир
Published: December 2021

An effective drought forecast is an important measure to mitigate some of its most damaging impacts. In this study we compare the effectiveness of two models: Markov Switching Model (MSM) and Robust Regression Model (RRM) with three different approaches to forecast hydrological drought events in the north-west of Algeria using Standardized Runoff Index (SRI). The validation of these models is carried out by hydro-climatic series of 41 stations for the period of 1968-2009. The values of SRI 3, SRI 6, and SRI 12 have been forecasted over lead times of 1 and 6 months. The performance of forecast results is measured using R2 and RMSE. For the lead time of 1 month, the results are quite similar for both models with slight superiority for the Markov chain process. The addition of the SPI or RDI indices as independent variables improves this performance for some stations while it decreases accuracy for other stations. However, forecast accuracy declines significantly as the lead time increases to 6 months particularly for regression results.
Sex Differences in Neck Strength Force and Activation Patterns in Collegiate Contact Sport
Authors: Gallo Caitlin A. , Desrochers Gabrielle N. , Morris Garett J. , Rumney Chad D. , Sandell Sydney J. , McDevitt Jane K. , Langford Dianne , Rosene John M.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to assess changes in cervical musculature throughout contact-heavy collegiate ice hockey practices during a regular season of NCAA Division III ice hockey teams. In this cross-sectional study, 36 (male n = 13; female n = 23) ice hockey players participated. Data were collected over 3 testing sessions (baseline; pre-practice; post-practice). Neck circumference, neck length, head-neck segment length, isometric strength and electromyography (EMG) activity for flexion and extension were assessed. Assessments were completed approximately 1h before a contact-heavy practice and 15 min after practice. For sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles, males had significantly greater peak force and greater time to peak force versus females. For both left and right SCMs, both sexes had significantly greater peak EMG activity pre-practice versus baseline, and right (dominant side) SCM time to peak EMG activity was decreased post-practice compared to pre-practice. There were no significant differences for EMG activity of the upper trapezius musculature, over time or between sexes. Sex differences observed in SCM force and activation patterns of the dominant side SCM may contribute to head stabilization during head impacts. Our study is the first investigation to report changes in cervical muscle strength in men’s and women’s ice hockey players in the practical setting.
Türkiye’de Eczanede Bağışıklama Hizmetinin Uygulanabilirliği: SWOT Analizi ile Değerlendirme
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Zafer
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, influenza aşılamasının eczaneler üzerinden yürütülerek arttırılması için neler yapılması gerektiğinin araştırılmasıdır. Influenza, hastaneye yatışların ve hatta buna bağlı ölüm riskinin yaygın bir nedenidir. Aşıların; hastalıkları ve enfeksiyon hastalıklarına bağlı ölümleri önlemenin en maliyet etkili yollarından biri olduğu düşünülse de, Türkiye’deki influenza aşılama oranları hedeflerin çok altında kalmaktadır. Eczacıların influenza aşısı yapmasına izin vermek, influenza aşılama oranını artırmaya ve ayrıca aşı tereddütünün üstesinden gelmeye yardımcı olabilir. Bu amaçla, bu çalışmada bir SWOT analizi yapılmıştır. SWOT analizi sonuçları, yetkililerin WO (zayıflık-fırsatlar) stratejilerini uygulayabileceklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte; analiz sonuçları, eczanelerde aşılamanın daha fazla fırsata (örn.; yetişkinler için aşı kapsamının arttırılması, influenza vakalarının ve hastaneye yatışların azaltılması, maliyet tasarrufu) ve zayıflıklara (örn.; eczacıların aşılama konusunda yetersiz eğitim seviyesine sahip olması, artan iş yükü, advers vakaların yönetimi) sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede; Türkiye’de sağlık politikasında kapsamlı bir mevzuat değişikliğine ve aşı uygulayacak eczacıların bu konudaki mesleki yeterliklerini sağlayacak eğitimlere ihtiyaç olduğu ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Forty years of populism in the European Parliament
Authors: Manucci Luca
Published: December 2021

In May 2019, the elections for the European Parliament (EP) saw populist parties obtain almost a third of the available seats, with populist radical right parties making the biggest gains compared to the 2014 elections. Despite the results were less resounding than some predictions anticipated, a considerable amount of Members of the EP represent a populist party. This article first presents the performance of populist parties in forty years of EP elections, from their first occurrence in 1979 until 2019, and then focuses on populist radical right parties. The analysis suggests that (i) the number of seats occupied by populist parties in the EP continues to grow over time; (ii) right-wing populist parties no longer struggle to form political groups within the EP; (iii) radical right populist parties have become the most common type of populist party within the EP.
Populismo nos partidos políticos portugueses – Os programas eleitorais de 2019
Authors: Palhau João , Silva Patrícia , Costa Edna
Published: December 2021

Portugal has been systematically described as an exception to the wave of (right-wing) populism growth in Europe. This article aims to re-examine this claim considering the context of the Portuguese 2019 legislative elections. Drawing on content analysis of party manifestos, we seek to identify, measure, and characterize the presence of populist dimensions in parties’ proposals. Moreover, the article explores the interactions between populist dimensions and other party policies. Our findings suggest that parties’ electoral platforms are highly impervious to the salience of populism, even when considering a radical right-wing populist party that won a seat in Parliament. A positive correlation between the salience of populism and the degree of ideological radicalism has been identified.
Luta de “classes” e disputa “nacional” nos Açores de 1580? A família de Jácome Trigo perante a resistência terceirense e a conquista espanhola
Authors: Meneses Avelino
Published: December 2021

In this study, we explore two documents of the Public Library and Regional Archive Luís da Silva Ribeiro, notably, one pension of 1583 and one petition, with a minute of witnesses, of 1584. Both address the privileged Jácome Trigo and fellows, confessed partisans of Philip II, opponents of the rebellion of Terceira in support of D. António. Hunted by the rebellious people and by the sectarian justice of Prior do Crato, the group endures the confiscation of assets, until condemned to death penalty, commuted to exile in England in 1582. Then, as proof of loyalty to the king of Spain, after a dangerous voyage, that costs the life of Jácome Trigo, the band lands in Lisbon, still in time to join the army of the marquis of Santa Cruz, which conquers Terceira in 1583. Besides, with less importance, we recall events, omitting a revision, related with the Iberic Union, for instance, the condescension of the Kingdom and the resistance of Terceira, as well as the noticeable alignment of the social strata, and still the motivations of all trends, of nationalism, to the anti-castilianism or simply the yearning of Sebastianism.
Propuesta de cadena de valor en la fabricación de paneles fotovoltaicos
Authors: Rojas Hernández Dairon , Espinosa Martínez Estela Gertrudis , Pelegrín Mesa Arístides
Published: December 2021

El proceso de transformaciones económicas que están ocurriendo en Cuba considera a la empresa como eje central en el mercado, para el desarrollo de actividades y la toma de decisiones. La investigación aborda los fundamentos teóricos relacionados con los encadenamientos productivos, como base de la cadena de valor y la cadena de valor en la industria. Dada la importancia que tiene la sustitución del consumo de combustibles fósiles en la generación de energía y en otras ramas de la economía, se propone el procedimiento para diseñar una cadena de valor de la fabricación de paneles fotovoltaicos en el país. Se utiliza una metodología con enfoque integral, utilizando diferentes métodos capaces de validar los resultados obtenidos, entre los que se destacan: el procedimiento diseñado, su validación en la empresa objeto de investigación, así como una derivación de estrategias empresariales para esta entidad.
The current state of the rodental fauna in the Moyinkumdesert plague focus
Authors: Belyy D.
Published: December 2021

Эпизоотическая ситуация по чуме, сложившаяся в 2020 году, на территории Мойынкумского пустынного очага чумы, на которой уже более 40 лет отмечается течение эпизоотий чумы среди млекопитающих, является потенциальной угрозой возникновения эпидемии этой инфекции среди населения. Принимая во внимание то, что при исследовании грызунов на чуму весной и осенью 2015 годабыла выявлена эпизоотия чумы, как бактериологическим, так и серологическим методом в урочище «Шынырау кудык», на территории, интенсивно используемой населением, проживающим в Мойынкумском пустынном очаге чумы в 2021 году проведены исследования основных и второстепенных носителей чумы в Южном Придолинном ландшафтно-эпизоотическом районе, на площади в 5300 км2. Учеты численности грызунов, как основных, так и второстепенных носителей показали, что весной и осенью 2021 года численность их и их естественных врагов (хищных животных) была в низкой градации.
Transpunerea acquis-ului comunitar privind informarea și consultarea angajaților în legislația Republicii Moldova
Authors:   Universitatea de Stat din Moldova, Goriuc Teodorina
Published: December 2021

Informarea și consultarea angajaților, fie cu privire la situație generală a colectivității din cadrul unității de lucru, fie asupra cerințelor și circumstanțelor particulare de executare a muncii de către individ constituie o garanție indispensabilă a realizării corespunzătoare a dreptului la muncă. Modificările normative operate în cursul ultimilor ani, urmarea semnării Acordului de Asociere și stabilirea priorităților de armonizare la aquis-ul comunitar, servesc indispensabil la crearea unui climat formal și procedural suficient pentru exercitarea corespunzătoare a dreptului fundamental la muncă și asociere în interese de muncă, micșorând considerabil lacunele normative capabile să limiteze exercitarea acestora.
Interpretări științifice ale infracțiunii de falsificare a probelor la nivel internațional și în conjunctura dreptului internațional
Authors:   Academia ”Ștefan cel Mare” a Ministerului Afacerilor Interne, Republica Moldova, Gherman Marian , Piterschi Eugeniu ,   Academia ”Ștefan cel Mare” a Ministerului Afacerilor Interne, Republica Moldova
Published: December 2021

Dreptul comparat reprezintă o ramură esențială a literaturi de specialitate care are menirea de a realiza o cercetare multiaspectuală a unor genuri de fapte ilicite la nivel internațional. Infracțiunea de falsificarea probelor din perspectiva normativă internațională, ne oferă posibilitatea să analizăm, sistematizăm și abordăm o nouă modalitate tipică sau o normă suplimentară pentru Legea penală a Republicii Moldova. Prin urmare, în prezentul demers științific ne propunem ca deziderat esențial, analiza acțiunilor antisociale de falsificarea probelor la nivel internațional pentru o bună sistematizare și ajustare a legislație naționale.
Scientific interpretations of offenses of falsification of evidence at international level and in the context of international law
Authors:   Academy ,,Ștefan cel Mare” of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Moldova, Gherman Marian , Piterschi Eugeniu ,   Academy ,,Ștefan cel Mare” of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2021

Comparative law is an essential branch of the literature that aims to conduct a multi-faceted investigation of some types of illicit acts at the international level. The crime of falsifying evidence from the international normative perspective, offers us the opportunity to analyze, systematize and address a new typical way or an additional rule for the Criminal Law of the Republic of Moldova. Therefore, in the present scientific approach we propose as an essential desideratum, the analysis of the antisocial actions of falsification of evidence at international level for a good systematization and adjustment of the national legislation.
Prospects for the Implementation of Transitional Justice in Ukraine
Authors: CHUBINIDZE Oleksandra
Published: December 2021

The study examines the features of transitional justice. The author gives definitions and goals of this concept. As it was noted by the scientists Ovcharenko and Shcherbaniuk, transitional justice includes judicial and extrajudicial mechanisms, such as prosecution, compensation, truth commissions, institutional transformations, and a combination of the above. For the first time, the content, main elements, and mechanisms of transitional justice are described in detail, which is considered in the context of the simultaneous transformation of Ukrainian society from an authoritarian past to a democratic present and from military conflict to post-conflict. Referring to Arkadiy Bushchenko (2017) transitional justice, as a model of society's transition from authoritarian to democratic, and from armed conflict to post-conflict, is currently the most modern approach to solving the problems that Ukraine has been dealing with since the end of 2013. Therefore, given this understanding, there is a prospect of developing a national legal model for the implementation of the basic principles of transitional justice. With the ultimate goal of the process of reconciliation in society, the concept of transitional justice involves the simultaneous operation of the state in four areas: effective criminal prosecutions, reparations, institutional reforms, and official statement of historical truth.