bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking digital transformation: the impact of IT intellectual capital and market turbulence
Authors: Pang Bohui , Zhang Mengru , Chen Yao , Chen Meng , Yang Ruying
Published: February 2025

Purpose

In the current digital business landscape, businesses heavily rely on their information technology (IT) departments to drive digital transformation initiatives. However, firms often face challenges in obtaining sufficient backing from their IT departments for such initiatives. This research explores the influence of IT departments’ intellectual capital, referred to as IT intellectual capital, on digital transformation under varying degrees of market turbulence.

Design/methodology/approach

A survey was employed to collect data from 296 IT managers and business managers from 148 firms in China. We used the seemingly unrelated regression to test hypotheses.

Findings

This study indicates that each category of IT intellectual capital – namely, IT human capital, structural capital and social capital – contributes positively to digital transformation. IT social capital mediates the effects of IT human and structural capital on digital transformation. Besides, market turbulence amplifies the effect of IT human capital on digital transformation, whereas it diminishes the influence of IT social capital on digital transformation.

Practical implications

Practitioners need to recognize the strategic role of IT intellectual capital in advancing digital transformation and develop appropriate IT intellectual capital according to the market environments in which the firm operates.

Originality/value

The study introduces novel perspectives on the antecedents of digital transformation and enhances the intellectual capital literature by revealing the influence of different types of IT intellectual capital on digital transformation under various levels of market turbulence.
The role of robots in the construction industry
Authors: Bogue Rob
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide details of the robots used in construction and an insight into how the technology can contribute to addressing the challenges facing the industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Following an introduction which identifies key challenges facing the construction industry, this study discusses robotic 3D structural printing, the role of drones, ground vehicles, bricklaying, welding and other robotic application. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn.

Findings

The construction industry faces significant challenges: labour shortages, a poor safety record, near static productivity, slow adoption of new technology and an adverse environmental impact. A diverse range of robots are finding uses in this industry and can automate or enhance many traditional practices. These yield benefits which include reduced manpower requirements, improved safety, better productivity, lower environmental impact and increased overall efficiency, thereby addressing many of the challenges facing the industry.

Originality/value

This study provides details of robots used in construction industry and how they can address the challenges confronting the industry.
Coopetition in supply chain management: patterns, typology and propositions
Authors: Brandao Maicom Sergio , Godinho Filho Moacir , Ganga Gilberto Miller Devós , Verschoore Jorge Renato
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This study aims to unravel the complex coopetitive interactions in supply chains. It delves into the paradoxical relationship between cooperative and competitive interactions among supply chain entities, offering a comprehensive exploration of coopetition’s manifestations and management across various supply chain types.

Design/methodology/approach

The study uses a three-phase methodology, beginning with a scoping review to establish a theoretical framework, followed by a systematic literature review yielding 130 papers and concluding with correspondence analysis using similarity indexes. This approach facilitates a deep dive into the diverse aspects of coopetition, including its drivers, practices, outcomes and associated risks.

Findings

The research identifies three distinct types of coopetition in supply chains: technology-based, socially based and channel-based. These models are underscored by specific drivers and outcomes, with technology-based coopetition focusing on market competitiveness and operational capacity, socially based on trust and power dynamics and channel based on product characteristics. The study introduces five propositions for further investigation and provides a comprehensive typology of coopetition within supply chains.

Research limitations/implications

The study’s findings are limited by the scope of the existing literature and the chosen academic databases. Future research should empirically validate the proposed coopetition configurations and propositions, exploring their applicability in other, less studied supply chains.

Practical implications

The study offers practitioners a valuable typology and framework to understand and manage coopetition in their respective supply chains. This typology serves as a decision-making tool for identifying suitable coopetition strategies and maximizing their benefits while mitigating associated risks.

Originality/value

This study stands out for its unique approach to categorizing coopetition in supply chains, offering a novel typology that goes beyond the manufacturer’s perspective. It fills a significant gap in the literature by providing a broad view of coopetition, considering various supply chain types and their respective coopetitive dynamics.
Exploring the role of organizational identification in the nexus of psychological capital and organizational-oriented citizenship behaviors: evidence from healthcare professionals in India
Authors: Dubey Arunkumar , Varma Arup , Riasudeen S.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the mediation of organizational identification (OI) in the relationship between employees’ psychological capital (PsyCap) and their engagement in organizational-oriented citizenship behaviors (OCBO). We examine the proposed theoretical model through the lens of the job demand and resources (JD-R) model and social identity theory (SIT), focusing specifically on the healthcare setting.

Design/methodology/approach

Employing a structured questionnaire, responses were collected from 240 healthcare professionals working in multinational pharmacovigilance firms in select Tier-I Indian cities using purposive sampling. Model testing constituted performing statistical analyses using partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in the R environment, an open-source software.

Findings

Results revealed a significant positive association between PsyCap and OCBO. In addition, we found that OI mediated the relationship between PsyCap and OCBO. This suggests that practitioners can stimulate extra-role performance in employees through enhancing PsyCap and fostering psychological oneness with the organization.

Research limitations/implications

The research emphasizes the significant role of employees’ personal resources, manifested in the form of PsyCap, in having a bearing on their attitudes and feelings towards the organization. We explore the under-researched latent mechanism of the PsyCap and OCBO relationship through employees’ social identification process.

Originality/value

In this research, we uncover the underlying mechanism of PsyCap and OCBO association by highlighting the latent role of OI on a unique set of healthcare professionals.
Perceptions of organizational culture among non-patient-facing health system employees
Authors: Johnson Teray , Newman Mark , Shamroukh Sameh
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The significance of organizational culture (OC) pervades all workplaces, extending even to health systems. While numerous studies have examined the perceptions of OC among nurses and physicians, there is a notable gap in understanding the perspectives of non-patient-facing health system employees. This study aims to fill this void by investigating the perceptions and drivers of OC among non-patient-facing personnel within health systems.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employed a mixed-methods approach, starting with a 31-question survey disseminated to health system employees through trade organizations to capture diverse perspectives on OC. Subsequently, employees were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. A total of 23 interviews were conducted to explore the underlying factors shaping employees’ perceptions of OC.

Findings

A total of 67 surveys were completed, with 61 used in the analysis. The results revealed a predominantly positive outlook, highlighting the significance of supportive leadership and involvement in decision-making processes. The qualitative analysis identified four key themes: effective communication and transparency, coordinated teamwork, supportive leadership and the impact of external factors like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Practical implications

Effective leadership should prioritize open communication, employee autonomy and involvement in decision-making. These strategies foster a culture of trust, accountability and engagement, enhancing employee morale and job satisfaction while promoting a collaborative and innovative work environment conducive to long-term success and growth.

Originality/value

This research examines the often-overlooked perspectives of non-patient-facing health system staff, providing valuable insights and strategies for leaders to improve OC and create a more positive, inclusive and supportive work environment.
Linking workplace incivility to turnover outcomes in nursing
Authors: Ajaiyeoba Ifeyimika O. , Aplin-Houtz Matthew J.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

This paper investigates the relationship between workplace incivility (WI) and nurses’ job and vocational turnover intentions. We introduce two moderators, organizational efficacy (OE) and calling and investigate their influence on the relationship between WI and turnover intentions.

Design/methodology/approach

We surveyed 187 nurses in the Southwest US, currently employed in a clinical setting. We tested the hypothesized model using PLS-SEM for data analysis.

Findings

The results show that WI influences job turnover intentions but not vocational turnover intentions. OE and Calling both uniquely moderate the relationship between specific sources of WI and nurses’ turnover intentions.

Research limitations/implications

We offer insights into the effect various sources of WI have on nurses’ turnover intentions. Our findings imply that WI is less impactful on vocational turnover than job turnover. Also, OE and calling can be utilized to moderate the negative effects of WI.

Practical implications

Healthcare organizations should implement strategies that promote a positive work environment for all employees, particularly nurses. They should also strive to build a workplace culture that fosters calling among nurses.

Originality/value

The paper examines the differential impact of various sources of WI on two forms of turnover intentions, prominent and relevant in the nursing work environment. In addition, we introduce two new moderators – OE and calling – that significantly influence the relationship between WI and turnover intentions.
Do generative artificial intelligence related competencies, attitudes and experiences affect employee outcomes? An intellectual capital perspective
Authors: Korayim Diana , Bodhi Rahul , Badghish Saeed , Yaqub Muhammad Zafar , Bianco Rosario
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The research on intellectual capital focuses on the role of innovative technologies in organizational systems, particularly in knowledge generation and learning processes. This study addresses the third stage of intellectual capital research, emphasizing how innovative technologies like generative AI (Gen AI) applications can enhance learning experiences, individual talents and personalized learning. Based on the WEST model, this study examines the relationship between attitude, competency, experience, Gen AI integration and managers’ creative involvement. Additionally, it investigates the direct and mediating roles of Gen AI integration and managers’ creative involvement in improving learning effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

A cross-sectional survey of managers from organizations operating in diverse sectors of Saudi Arabia was conducted using a web-administered structured questionnaire. PLS-based structural equation modeling was employed to assess the hypothesized relationships.

Findings

The results revealed that the manager’s Gen AI experience, competency, attitude and access positively affect its integration. However, only Gen AI competence and attitudes demonstrated the same positive impact on managers’ creative involvement. Furthermore, Gen AI integration and creative involvement positively and significantly impact learning effectiveness. The study also uncovered the positive mediation of Gen AI integration in enabling all four antecedents to enhance learning effectiveness. However, the mediation of creative involvement was corroborated only for the Gen AI attitudes and competence.

Originality/value

This study examines how integrating innovative technologies, such as generative AI, enhances the learning experience, develops individual talents and personalizes learning in workplace contexts at the managerial level. By providing new insights into the dynamics of generative AI integration in workplace settings, it significantly contributes to the generative AI literature.
Hybrid human–robot teams in the frontline: automated social presence and the role of corrective interrogation
Authors: Leiño Calleja David , Schepers Jeroen , Nijssen Edwin J.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

Customer perceptions toward hybrid human–robot teams remain largely unexplored. We focus on the impact of frontline robots’ (FLRs) automated social presence (ASP) on customers’ perceived teamwork quality, and ultimately frontline employees’ (FLEs) competence and warmth. We explore the role of interrogation as a relevant contingency. We complement the customer view with insights into the FLEs’ viewpoint.

Design/methodology/approach

We manipulate FLR’s ASP cues (speech and identity) in a hybrid team in four business-to-consumer (B2C) video-based experiments and collect data from online participants. We combine these with one business-to-business (B2B) field survey which collected data from FLEs working in hybrid teams.

Findings

When FLR’s ASP increases, customers more positively evaluate teamwork quality, ultimately affecting FLEs’ competence and warmth. FLEs who correct (interrogate) robotic mistakes strengthen the positive effect of FLRs’ ASP on teamwork quality. When FLRs correct FLEs, ASP’s effect on teamwork quality is also strengthened, while FLEs are not “punished” for erring. In contrast, FLEs themselves do perceive corrections as detrimental to teamwork quality. We term this the hybrid team evaluation paradox.

Practical implications

We recommend that firms deploy hybrid teams equipped with high-ASP FLRs (name and speech suffice). FLEs should be trained, and FLRs programmed, to appropriately use interrogation. Managers should pay attention to the paradox, given the conflicting perceptions toward interrogative behaviors.

Originality/value

We advance the hybrid teams literature by drawing on ASP, social cognition and collective mindfulness theories and behaviors that ameliorate customer perceptions. Our results support using FLRs to enhance FLEs’ capabilities.
Unpacking the science kits
Authors: Ende Alayla , Grandinetti Summer , Henry Julie
Published: February 2025

Purpose

In this article, the authors explore one way that teacher preparation programs and elementary schools can collaborate to enhance science instruction for elementary school learners. This paper provides an overview of a project where a teacher candidate worked with six classroom teachers to organize science materials and prepare for science lessons.

Design/methodology/approach

This project included targeted assistance from a teacher candidate in “unpacking” a kit of science materials and a feedback survey given to classroom teachers after the project.

Findings

After the teacher candidate helped “unpack” the science kits, teachers reported that they were more confident in teaching lessons from the curriculum. The teacher candidate reported that she learned more about how materials can be used in science teaching and learning.

Originality/value

This project showed how PDS can involve teacher candidates in spanning boundaries to elementary science teaching to enhance outcomes for all stakeholders.
miR‐11903a modulates CLIPB9‐mediated pathogen defense and longevity in Aedes aegypti
Authors: Liu Yan‐Hui , Yin Ya‐Nan , Yu Ling‐Ling , Chang Meng‐He , Han Qian
Published: February 2025

Arthropod melanization is a crucial defense mechanism mediated by a complex cascade of CLIP domain serine proteases (CLIPs). In this study, it was confirmed that microRNA‐11903a (miR‐11903a) targets Aedes‐CLIPB9 (AeCLIPB9) by bioinformatics prediction and dual‐luciferase reporter assays. Following intrathoracic injection of miR‐11903a agomir and antagomir, Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction confirmed that AeCLIPB9 is negatively regulated by miR‐11903a. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that miR‐11903a is most abundant in 4th instar larvae, followed by pupae and adults, and highly expressed in the wings, head, and midgut of female adults. Following pathogen infection, AeCLIPB9 and miR‐11903a exhibited opposite expression trends, indicating their potential roles in mosquito innate immunity. To further investigate the relationship between AeCLIPB9 and miR‐11903a, double‐strand CLIPB9 was synthesized and RNA interference was performed. Seven‐d survival assays revealed that both AeCLIPB9 and miR‐11903a were crucial immune factors in fighting pathogens. Finally, longevity assays demonstrated that miR‐11903a influenced mosquito lifespan.
Distributional Characteristics of Insect Communities in Introduced Pin Oak Trees With Different Environments of Korea, With Special Notes on Major Insect Pests
Authors: Lee Cha Young , Kim Taewook , Lee Byeongjong , Ahn Soojeong , Park Yonghwan , Kim Junheon , Jung Jong‐Kook
Published: February 2025

The pin oak (Quercus palustris Münchh.), a species introduced from North America, has recently seen an increase in nationwide planted as ornamental trees, including streets, parks, etc., in South Korea. The aims of this study are to investigate the distributional characteristics of insect communities on pin oaks across different regions with different environments and to describe injury characteristics of major insect pests. From 2022 to 2023, we conducted investigations at 15 locations where pin oak trees were planted. We performed visual inspections on branches and trunks within 5 m height of trees to record insect pest presence and damage characteristics, using pruning poles to sample branches when needed. As a result, various taxa, mainly Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Coleoptera, were identified, and densities of pests varied depending on the planted environment. In the central region of South Korea, the predominant or important species were wood‐boring insect pests such as clearwing moths (Cossidae) and longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae). In contrast, the southern region exhibited a higher prevalence of folivorous Lepidoptera. Among six different environments, the largest number of pests was found in parks and followed by street, riverside, tree market, etc. These results suggest that pest monitoring and management strategies tailored to specific regions and environments are necessary when planting pin oak trees. In future, pest control in pin oak trees is more challenging based on this study. Consequently, forest pests are causing damage not only to forests but also to street trees in urban areas, highlighting the need for countermeasures.
Technologies to support nursing students in learning Standardized Nursing Languages: A systematic literature review
Authors: Zeffiro Valentina , Tempesta Salvatore , Morandini Roberta , Alvaro Rosaria , Vellone Ercole , Pucciarelli Gianluca , D'Agostino Fabio
Published: February 2025

Aim

This review identifies technologies used to teach Standardized Nursing Languages and their impact on nursing students’ educational outcomes.

Methods

A literature review, updated to June 14, 2024, was conducted by consulting the PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. The main inclusion criterion was primary studies in which technology was used to educate students on Standardized Nursing Languages.

Results

Three types of technology were addressed: Computerized Aids and Electronic Devices, Decision Support Systems, and Diagnostic Reasoning Software. Most of these technologies were found to positively impact knowledge, performance, application of the nursing process, diagnostic accuracy, and clinical reasoning.

Conclusions and implications for nursing education

Integrating technology into nursing education enhances nursing students’ skills and equips them to handle the digital aspects of modern health care. Technologies must support all stages of the nursing process, reinforce clinical reasoning, and offer timely feedback. Additionally, the presence of teachers during technology training is crucial to ensure proper functioning, provide technical support, manage the learning environment, and verify students’ skills. Nursing students with technological skills will become nurses capable of producing complete and quality clinical documentation and supporting their professional achievements.
Exploring management reasoning when discharging high‐risk postoperative patients from the post‐anaesthesia care unit
Authors: Hvidberg Lea Baunegaard , Gamst‐Jensen Hejdi , Bader‐Larsen Karlen , Foss Nicolai Bang , Aasvang Eske Kvanner , Tolsgaard Martin Grønnebæk
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Decision‐support tools for detecting physiological deterioration are widely used in clinical medicine but have been criticised for fostering a task‐oriented culture and reducing the emphasis on clinical reasoning. Little is understood about what influences clinical decisions aided by decision‐support tools, including professional standards, policies, and contextual factors. Therefore, we explored management reasoning employed by anaesthesiologists and PACU nurses in the post‐anaesthesia care unit during the discharge of high‐risk postoperative patients.

Methods

A qualitative constructivist study, conducting 18 semi‐structured with 6 anaesthesiologists and 12 nurses across three Danish teaching hospitals. We analysed data through thematic analysis, utilising Michael Lipsky's theory of “street‐level bureaucracy” in combination with David A. Cook's Management Reasoning Framework as a sensitising concept.

Results

Standards are frequently ambiguous, requiring interpretation and prioritisation. This allows for professional discretion by circumventing established policies, reducing task‐oriented culture and enhancing the clinical reasoning processes. However, discretion in management reasoning depends on whether the clinician is inclined to uphold or adjust policies to maintain professional standards, influencing discharge decisions.

Conclusion

While decision‐support tools offer cognitive aid and help standardise patient trajectories, they also limit professional discretion in management reasoning and can potentially compromise care and treatment. This highlights the need for a balanced approach that considers both the benefits and limitations of these tools in clinical decision‐making.
Mapping corporate sponsorship of alcohol and gambling associations: An Australian pilot study
Authors: Platts Cara , Lacy‐Nichols Jennifer
Published: February 2025

Background and Aims

Alcohol and gambling industries use a range of strategies to oppose and undermine public health policies targeting their industries. Industry associations often play a visible role in advancing alcohol and gambling industry interests, yet there are few studies analysing who their members or partners are and the relationships between them. Our study developed an approach to map the landscape of Australian alcohol and gambling associations, their members and partners and the connections between commercial actors.

Methods

We conducted our study in four phases: first, we systematically searched for alcohol and gambling industry associations; second, we identified and classified association members and/or partners; third, we mapped three types of relationships between associations and members/partners (umbrella associations, co‐location and joint membership/partnerships); lastly, we analysed the disclosures of the members and partners of the Australian Hotels Associations and Clubs Associations.

Results

We identified 126 industry associations and 1486 unique companies/organisations from multiple industry sectors that were members/partners. Only 75 (59.5%) associations provided a list of members/partners. Most companies/organisations were partners of only one association (n = 1218), while five companies were partners of more than 20 associations. Concerning relationships, we identified five national clusters, 27 instances of co‐location and an extensive network linking associations through shared partnerships. Finally, we assessed 658 relationships between Hotels and Clubs Associations and their partners, of which only 91 (13.8%) were transparently disclosed.

Conclusions

In Australia, many alcohol and gambling industry associations do not disclose their members or corporate partners and provide limited funding information. Members and corporate partners of Australian alcohol and gambling industry associations rarely disclose their support and are diverse in focus, size, members, partners, purpose and activities.
Bird Diversity of the Dry Chaco: Impacts of Land Use Change on Communities and Soundscapes
Authors: Cardozo Romina , Machado Ricardo B.
Published: February 2025

Agricultural expansion has had negative impacts on biodiversity worldwide. Regions with high human pressure, such as the Dry Chaco in South America, require rapid studies to understand the environmental impacts and potential biodiversity loss. Ecoacoustics has been proposed as an efficient method for promoting rapid assessment of threatened regions. Using a unique field‐based bird community dataset, we evaluated the performance of two commonly used acoustic indices (acoustic diversity index and acoustic complexity index) on representing avian richness in continuous forest and forest corridors of the Paraguayan Dry Chaco. Our results from manual identification of recordings showed a higher species richness in continuous forest sites (40–61 species) than in forest corridors (22–36 species). In contrast, we found no difference in acoustic indices between sites in continuous forest or corridors. Contrary to our initial expectation, there was not a significant association between acoustic indices and bird species richness when considered across all sites. However, we found a partial and weak correlation between species richness and index values for forest corridors. We argue that habitat fragmentation and edge effects might have altered the soundscape of forest corridors, favouring bird activity rather than richness, which affects the acoustic indices response. Our study suggests that acoustic indices must be considered cautiously because other variables, besides species richness, are involved in soundscape characterisation (e.g., species vocal activity).
The Causes, Characteristics and Outcomes of Paediatric Farm Burns in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Chua Marcel , Teague Warwick J. , Tracy Lincoln M.
Published: February 2025

Objective

Burn injuries on farms are under‐recognised in Australia and New Zealand. Previous studies suggested children are at risk of burn injury, focusing on risk factors including unmodified farm work, risk‐taking behaviours, lack of supervision, and limited safety regulations. This study investigated the causes, characteristics, and outcomes of paediatric farm burns.

Methods

Registry‐based retrospective cohort study.

Design

Observational.

Setting

Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand (BRANZ).

Participants

Paediatrics aged < 16 years and registered to the BRANZ between 2009 and 2021.

Main Outcome Measures

The demographics, causes of burn injuries, pre‐ and in‐hospital management, severity, and outcomes.

Results

Out of 10 936 paediatric burns, 186 were farm‐related (1.7%). Children sustaining farm‐related burns were older than those in non‐farm environments, with 78.8% aged ≥ 5 years. Most farm burns occurred during leisure (72.5%). Predominant causes were found to be contact (62.4%), followed by flame (19.9%) and friction (10.8%). Only 56.9% received gold‐standard first aid compared to 74.0% in non‐farm environments. Farm‐related burns were smaller but a greater proportion were full‐thickness injuries, requiring surgical management with skin grafts. The majority of farm‐related burns were discharged home (97.3%) with zero deaths.

Conclusion

Farm‐related burns in children are distinct from burns in non‐farm environments. Despite children being well‐recognised participants in farm work, work‐related burns were relatively uncommon, and the occurrence of burns during leisure may explain low rates of recommended first aid. These insights can inform burn prevention and first aid strategies targeted at farm communities.
Early Escalation to CentriMag for Acute Myocardial Infarction‐Induced Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest With Refractory to Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygen Support
Authors: Jhuang Yi‐Han , Tsai Yi‐Ting , Lin Chih‐Yuan , Ke Hung‐Yen , Hsu Po‐Shun , Lin Yi‐Chang , Yang Hsiang‐Yu , Tsai Chien‐Sung
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)‐related refractory cardiogenic shock (rCS) remains high, particularly in patients experiencing cardiac arrest with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of early escalation to CentriMag for AMI‐induced out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with ECPR.

Methods

Patients with AMI‐induced OHCA with refractory to ECMO support after ECPR were enrolled. Clinical data were analyzed to identify predictive factors for mortality and survival benefits.

Results

Eighty‐nine patients were enrolled, of whom 26 underwent CentriMag implantation. The 1‐year survival rate for those with the implantation was 34.6%. In contrast, those without implantation showed a survival rate of 7.9%. The average time from the initiation of ECPR to CentriMag implantation was 22.5 ± 14.6 h. The surgical mortality group exhibited a larger body surface area, longer intervals from CPR to ECPR, shorter duration of CentriMag support, and higher preoperative serum creatinine and postoperative day 1 serum aspartate aminotransferase levels. A prolonged interval from CPR to ECPR was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality. Extended duration of CentriMag support was associated with improved survival outcomes.

Conclusions

Early CentriMag implantation rescues patients experiencing AMI‐related OHCA with rCS and refractory to ECMO support after ECPR. This intervention provides a critical time window, serving as a safe bridge to decision.
Curcumin Suppresses ROS Production and Increases Mitochondrial Activity in Cumulus Cells and Oocytes of COCs Derived From Non‐Vascularized Follicles in Pigs
Authors: Nakanishi Tomoya , Tonai Shingo , Ichikawa Haruto , Mori Shota , Ishihara Shinji , Chang Yongjin , Yamashita Yasuhisa
Published: February 2025

In vitro maturation (IVM) produces offspring from domestic animals; however, the blastocyst rate after IVM was low. We previously reported that the developmental competence of oocytes derived from follicles with blood vessels absent on the surface (non‐vascularized follicles: NVF) is quite low compared to those derived from follicles with blood vessels present on the surface (vascularized follicles: VF). Thus, it is important to develop technique to improve the quality of NVF‐derived oocyte by IVM. Since it has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduces oocyte quality, in this study, we investigated whether curcumin that is known as antioxidant could improve oocyte quality derived from NVF. As results, cultivation of NVF Cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) with curcumin significantly improved cumulus expansion and oocyte meiotic maturation of NVF COCs compared to those of NVF COCs without curcumin. Cultivation with curcumin of NVF COCs significantly improved the proliferative activity of cumulus cells. Furthermore, the cultivation significantly reduced ROS activity and increased mitochondrial activity. Hence, it was revealed that the addition of curcumin to the maturation medium increased mitochondrial activity and reduced ROS levels in NVF‐derived cumulus cells and oocytes, thereby improving the maturation of oocytes within COCs.
Advancing a Universal European Cancer Prevention Methodology for People With Intellectual Disability: Findings From CUPID Workshops in Ireland and Türkiye
Authors: McMahon Martin , Asi Ercan , Dimitrievska Vera , Gozum Sebahat , Ilgaz Aysegul , Martin Cara , O'Connor Mairead , Sykes Kate , Knapp Peter
Published: February 2025

Background

People with intellectual disability have higher rates of cancer mortality than the general population. Cancer prevention programmes and screenings are recommended in adults, including those with intellectual disability. The opinions of relevant parties are important to ensure that people with intellectual disability can achieve equity in cancer outcomes. The aim of this paper is to report the findings of two workshops held in Ireland and Türkiye in 2023, which identified key issues affecting prevention, diagnosis and management of cancer in people with intellectual disability.

Methods

Researchers, practitioners, policymakers and other stakeholders with a role in cancer prevention programmes or cancer care (n = 44) participated in ‘World Café’ workshop meetings in Dublin and Ankara. The findings were synthesised under the Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991) Social Determinants of Health framework.

Results

Both workshops identified that people with intellectual disability face challenges including: limited available cancer data in this population, health issues overshadowing cancer diagnosis, and social barriers such as low health literacy. Involving families, professionals and promoting self‐advocacy, while tailoring health services with inclusive decision making were prominent themes in both workshops as solutions. Research and person‐centered healthcare were identified as critical for developing effective cancer prevention programmes.

Conclusion

For people with intellectual disability to benefit from effective cancer prevention programmes, reasonable adjustments must be made by policymakers, health institutions, primary healthcare professionals and non‐government organisations, and research evidence must underpin decisions.
Ensuring fertilizer quality in Vietnam's Mekong Delta: The role of government and market initiatives
Authors: Mano Yukichi , Arimoto Yutaka , Can Nguyen Duy , Van Hoang Do , Kojin Emi , Thiet Nguyen , Tsukada Kazunari , Tu Vo Hong
Published: February 2025

Motivation

If fertilizer is of low quality, farmers can be reluctant to use it, leading to low crop yields and low profitability. Although low‐quality fertilizer is often reported in the global south, little is said about how to solve the problem.

Purpose

We examine how the government, fertilizer manufacturers and dealers, and farmers have dealt with fertilizer quality in Vietnam. We evaluate the quality of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizer samples in the Mekong Delta, a hub of rice production.

Approach and methods

We conducted in‐depth interviews and discussions with stakeholders to understand the mechanisms for ensuring fertilizer quality and their effectiveness.

It became clear that concerns about fertilizer quality were not regarding products from large state enterprises that dominate the market, but rather about fertilizer from smaller, often newer, manufacturers. We collected 141 samples of NPK fertilizers from smaller manufacturers in the Mekong Delta to compare the measured levels of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and potassium (K) with their declared levels.

Findings

Three complementary strategies for ensuring fertilizer quality have been identified: (1) government regulation and oversight through licensing, mandatory quality labelling, and random inspections; (2) manufacturer initiatives to establish brand reputation through warranties and dealer certification; and (3) farmer observations of fertilizer effectiveness that are communicated back to local dealers. The overall quality of fertilizers in the market was notably high, with the main brands from state enterprises capturing 95% of the market share. However, concerns were raised regarding the quality of lesser‐known fertilizer brands from newer manufacturers.

Analysis of 141 fertilizer samples revealed that 48.9% of the minor‐brand fertilizers were lacking in at least one nutrient, exceeding the legally allowed deviation of 10%. Samples usually had excessive nitrogen and insufficient potassium.

Policy implications

These findings highlight the necessity of coordinated government and market efforts to ensure fertilizer quality. Government regulation alone may not eliminate substandard fertilizer from the market, but it can be effective when combined with market initiatives from fertilizer manufacturers, dealers, and farmers.
Influence of Soil Texture on the Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon From Sentinel‐2 Temporal Mosaics at 34 European Sites
Authors: Wetterlind J. , Simmler M. , Castaldi F. , Borůvka L. , Gabriel J. L. , Gomes L. C. , Khosravi V. , Kıvrak C. , Koparan M. H. , Lázaro‐López A. , Łopatka A. , Liebisch F. , Rodriguez J. A. , Savaş A. Ö. , Stenberg B. , Tunçay T. , Vinci I. , Volungevičius J. , Žydelis R. , Vaudour E.
Published: February 2025

Multispectral imaging satellites such as Sentinel‐2 are considered a possible tool to assist in the mapping of soil organic carbon (SOC) using images of bare soil. However, the reported results are variable. The measured reflectance of the soil surface is not only related to SOC but also to several other environmental and edaphic factors. Soil texture is one such factor that strongly affects soil reflectance. Depending on the spatial correlation with SOC, the influence of soil texture may improve or hinder the estimation of SOC from spectral data. This study aimed to investigate these influences using local models at 34 sites in different pedo‐climatic zones across 10 European countries. The study sites were individual agricultural fields or a few fields in close proximity. For each site, local models to predict SOC and the clay particle size fraction were developed using the Sentinel‐2 temporal mosaics of bare soil images. Overall, predicting SOC and clay was difficult, and prediction performances with a ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) > 1.5 were observed at 8 and 12 of the 34 sites for SOC and clay, respectively. A general relationship between SOC prediction performance and the correlation of SOC and clay in soil was evident but explained only a small part of the large variability we observed in SOC prediction performance across the sites. Adding information on soil texture as additional predictors improved SOC prediction on average, but the additional benefit varied strongly between the sites. The average relative importance of the different Sentinel‐2 bands in the SOC and clay models indicated that spectral information in the red and far‐red regions of the visible spectrum was more important for SOC prediction than for clay prediction. The opposite was true for the region around 2200 nm, which was more important in the clay models.
Smoking and Obesity Interact to Adversely Affect Disease Progression and Cognitive Performance in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Eva Johansson , Olsson Tomas , Alfredsson Lars , Hedström Anna Karin
Published: February 2025

Background

Smoking and obesity interact to exacerbate the risk of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, but their potential synergistic effects on outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) have not been well studied. We aimed to study whether smoking and obesity interact to affect disease progression and cognitive function in patients with MS.

Methods

Incident cases from the population‐based case–control study Epidemiological Investigation of MS (EIMS) were categorized by smoking and obesity status at diagnosis and followed up to 15 years postdiagnosis through the Swedish MS registry (n = 3336). Cox regression was used to analyze outcomes, including clinical disease worsening (CDW), progression to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) levels 3 and 4, physical worsening as measured by a 7.5‐point increase in the MS Impact Scale (MSIS) physical score, and cognitive decline, defined as an 8‐point or greater reduction on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Interaction effects on the additive scale were assessed by combining dichotomous variables for smoking (nonsmoker = 0, smoker = 1) and obesity (nonobese = 0, obese = 1), yielding four categories: 0/0 (reference category), 0/1, 1/0, and 1/1.

Results

Additive interactions between smoking and obesity were identified for CDW (attributable proportion due to interaction [AP] 0.18, 95% CI 0.03–0.30), progression to EDSS 4 (AP 0.18, 95% CI 0.08–0.26), MSIS‐Physical score worsening (AP 0.32, 95% CI 0.21–0.42), and cognitive decline (AP 0.27, 95% CI 0.19–0.35).

Conclusions

Smoking and obesity appear to synergistically worsen MS progression and cognitive functioning, with the observed additive interactions across most outcomes suggesting that these factors partly share common biological pathways contributing to disease progression.
Project WORMS (working to overcome resistance and make for a sustainable future): Horse owner survey on equine parasite control in the UK. Part 1. Management factors
Authors: Shrubb J. , Robinson N. , Rendle D. , Schofield I. , Scott C. , Crabtree J. , Hunter G. , Dean R. , Parker R. , Mair T.
Published: February 2025

Background

Anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites is increasing. Pasture management is a vital component of helminth control; its implementation is key to reducing anthelmintic dosing frequency to reduce selection pressure for resistance.

Objectives

To investigate how horse owners use management procedures to control common intestinal parasites in horses.

Study design

Cross‐sectional study conducted through an online questionnaire of UK horse owners.

Methods

The questionnaire (combination of multiple choice, Likert scale and free‐text questions) was distributed via practices, equestrian organisations, etc., from December 2021 to October 2022. Respondents were asked about pasture management, diagnostic testing and worm‐associated illnesses. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed in Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS.

Results

There were 4232 usable responses. Only 21.5% of respondents alternated or co‐grazed their horse with ruminants (higher for horses grazing on private properties compared to horses grazing on livery yards; p < 0.001). The majority of owners (73.3%) removed faeces from pastures (poo‐picking), of which 86.4% removed faeces twice a week or more. Owners of horses pastured individually were more likely to poo‐pick (89.8%) than horses pastured in groups (68.9%; p < 0.001). The majority of respondents (77.1%) rested pastures, but less than 5% for over 6 months. Only 5.1% of owners reported they had experienced illnesses related to worms in any horse (commonest clinical signs were colic and weight loss).

Main limitations

Risk of selection bias and social desirability bias. Some aspects of pasture management (e.g. stocking density) were not included. Horse owners were asked to complete the questionnaire for one horse only.

Conclusions

Many owners (>25%) are not routinely poo‐picking, and the majority are not co/alternate grazing or resting pastures effectively, identifying opportunities to improve parasite control. Optimising management practices should reduce the requirements for using anthelmintics to achieve parasite control, thereby reducing selection pressure on the development of resistance.
Broad‐Scale Meta‐Analysis of Drivers Mediating Adverse Impacts of Flow Regulation on Riparian Vegetation
Authors: Su Xiaolei , Bejarano María Dolores , Jansson Roland , Pilotto Francesca , Sarneel Judith M. , Lin Feng , Wang Yi , Cai Fu , Wu Shan , Zeng Bo
Published: February 2025

Over two‐thirds of global rivers are subjected to flow regulation. Although it is widely recognized that flow regulation can adversely affect riparian vegetation—a critical component of river ecosystems—the specific roles of various drivers remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we conducted a broad‐scale meta‐analysis, aiming to elucidate how different factors mediate the adverse impacts of flow regulation on riparian vegetation. This meta‐analysis encompassed 59 papers, spanning 278 dams constructed on 146 rivers. We extracted data on four key indices of riparian vegetation: species richness and abundance of all riparian species, and those indices exclusively for non‐native species. Indices were compared between regulated and free‐flowing or pre‐damming rivers to quantify the impact of flow regulation. Our meta‐analysis revealed a moderate but significant reduction in the richness and abundance of all riparian species under flow regulation, coupled with a strong increase in the abundance of non‐native species. Riparian vegetation in arid and continental climate regions experienced stronger negative impacts than those in tropical and temperate climates. Furthermore, the adverse effects on riparian vegetation were more pronounced downstream of dams than upstream. Considering climate region, study identity, and relative position to the dam as random variables, it became evident that years since flow regulation emerged as the most important factor influencing species richness. Over time, richness gradually recovered from initially low levels. However, this recovery was slowed by increasing flow regulation intensity (percentage of annual runoff stored). Additionally, the impact was more evident in larger rivers. To support regulated river management, we recommend prioritizing the protection of riparian vegetation in arid and continental climates, with emphasis on areas downstream of dams, limiting flow regulation intensity, particularly in larger rivers, and monitoring non‐native species to prevent disproportionate spread.