bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CCCE
Authors: Jasim Omer K. , Abbas Safia , El-Horbaty El-Sayed M. , Salem Abdel-Badeeh M.
Published: February 2016

Cloud computing technology is a modern emerging trend in the distributed computing technology that is rapidly gaining popularity in network communication field. Despite the advantages that the cloud platforms bolstered, it suffers from many security issues such as secure communication, consumer authentication, and intrusion caused by attacks. These security issues relevant to customer data filtering and lost the connection at any time. In order to address these issues, this chapter, introduces an innovative cloud computing cryptographic environment, that entails both Quantum Cryptography-as-service and Quantum Advanced Encryption Standard. CCCE poses more secure data transmission channels by provisioning secret key among cloud's instances and consumers. In addition, the QCaaS solves the key generation and key distribution problems that emerged through the online negotiation between the communication parties. It is important to note that the CCCE solves the distance limitation coverage problem that is stemmed from the quantum state property.
Knowledge as a Service Framework for Collaborative Data Management in Cloud Environments - Disaster Domain
Authors: Grolinger Katarina , Mezghani Emna , Capretz Miriam A. M. , Exposito Ernesto
Published: February 2016

Decision-making in disaster management requires information gathering, sharing, and integration by means of collaboration on a global scale and across governments, industries, and communities. Large volume of heterogeneous data is available; however, current data management solutions offer few or no integration capabilities and limited potential for collaboration. Moreover, recent advances in NoSQL, cloud computing, and Big Data open the door for new solutions in disaster data management. This chapter presents a Knowledge as a Service (KaaS) framework for disaster cloud data management (Disaster-CDM), with the objectives of facilitating information gathering and sharing; storing large amounts of disaster-related data; and facilitating search and supporting interoperability and integration. In the Disaster-CDM approach NoSQL data stores provide storage reliability and scalability while service-oriented architecture achieves flexibility and extensibility. The contribution of Disaster-CDM is demonstrated by integration capabilities, on examples of full-text search and querying services.
Effects of Social Media on Project Management
Authors: Sponselee Mark
Published: February 2016

This chapter provides insight into the effects of social media on (the execution of) project management. Billions of people nowadays make daily use of social media. This phenomenon also gradually found its way to the business world. With projects being an essential element of many organizations, project managers must be aware what social media is all about and how it can strengthen their projects. The time is right for project managers to explore and embrace social media as an additional tool to be used for managing projects more effectively. This chapter tries to bridge an existing knowledge gap within organizations about how to make effective use of social media within projects. It is described how the functionalities of social media may be used within project management. Moreover, several overall effects of social media on project management are illuminated. And finally, four barriers for social media use within project management are captured.
Analyzing the Landscape of Social Media
Authors: Silvius Gilbert
Published: February 2016

The rapid spread of social media provides a new reality for organizational communication and team collaboration. This also applies to projects and project management, where logical application areas are stakeholder engagement and team collaboration. This last application area will be most beneficial to international projects with geographically dispersed teams. However, the landscape of social media is not unified. There are remarkable differences between regions, countries and generations. This chapter explores these differences, by discussing different perspectives on the social media landscape.
‘Smart' Project Management
Authors: Silvius Céline M. , Silvius Gilbert
Published: February 2016

Mobile devices and applications are changing the way individuals gather, process and share information. A development which also applies to project management. This chapter reports an explorative study on the functionality of 50 project management apps. The apps were analyzed on the variables: type of functionality, project management processes supported, methodology/standard supported, topics covered, website support, languages supported, project roles supported, number of team members supported and number of projects supported. Our analysis showed that the functionality of project management apps today is mainly focused on two application areas: (A) Supporting the role of the project manager individually in the planning/organizing processes of the project and (B) Supporting team communication and team collaboration. Lacking in functionality seems to be the communication/collaboration with project sponsor and other stakeholders. Based on our study we recommend project managers to be selective when starting to use project management apps.
Projects without Email, Is that Possible?
Authors: Wijngaard Peter , Wensveen Ina , Basten Anne , de Vries Tim
Published: February 2016

Email is standard way of communication in our daily life and in projects. But email traffic becomes more and more cumbersome. More than 25 percent of a working day is spend on email related tasks. Email is misused, and can create crisis in project teams. Nowadays the current generation of project team members is more used to using social media and social collaboration to communicate. To take advantage of that and to limit the use of email, the Zero email program was introduced within Atos. Limiting the use of emails with project teams can be achieved by introducing the right set of tools, a thorough management of change program, using early adaptors, starting small and acting – as a project manager – as a good example. Completely get rid of all email is still not possible; only when all parties are working with the same social media and collaboration tooling, a 80% result can be achieved. But in the current global world of project management with all its different stakeholders and parties, there is still a long way to go.
From Reactive to Proactive Use of Social Media in Emergency Response
Authors: Boersma Kees , Diks Dominique , Ferguson Julie , Wolbers Jeroen
Published: February 2016

This chapter examines the introduction and implementation of the pilot project Twitcident in an emergency response room setting. Twitcident is a web-based system for filtering, searching and analyzing data on real-world incidents or crises. Social media data is seen as important for emergency response operations: it can be used as an ‘early warning monitoring system' to detect social unrest, and for improving common operational pictures (COPs). This chapter shows that the expectations on the functioning of the tool were not fully met: first it was hard for the response room professionals to make sense of the data and second, the management did not develop a proper project planning. The recommendations are twofold. On the one hand, the professionals who work with Twitcident must invest in developing new information management routines. On the other hand, the response room management needs to create a much more inclusive project learning strategy.
Using Twitter for Collaborative Student and Project Manager Learning
Authors: Barnett-Richards Kate , Sams Marie
Published: February 2016

This chapter presents an insight into a pilot project which took place at a UK higher education institution which used Twitter as a social media tool for engaging industry managers and students in sharing knowledge and collaborating on problem solving in the field of project management. Project management education and team formation literature is discussed, as well as reflections from the authors on the advantages and challenges for project teams on using Twitter as a social media tool. The wider implications for Project Managers adopting social media is considered more broadly, and important factors are recommended when making decisions whether to use social media to encourage teamwork and co-operation.
Social Media Applications Promote Constituent Involvement in Government Management
Authors: Merwin Jr. Gerald A. , McDonald J. Scott , Bennett Jr. John R. , Merwin Keith A.
Published: February 2016

This chapter explores the use of social media applications by local governments to communicate with constituents and promote involvement in policy and project management activities. Although public and private sector organizations make different uses of social media (Halverson, Hauknes, Miles, & Røste, 2005), there are many ways for government and nonprofit entities to make use of Web 2.0 applications. The focus in this chapter is on local government and a variety of examples will be provided. Some local government agencies primarily provide information to constituents through the social media apps, while others solicit the input from citizens to expand involvement. Finally, suggestions for future research and uses will be discussed.
Inside the Project Management Institute
Authors: Walker Deborah , Garrett Dave
Published: February 2016

PMI is the world's leading not-for-profit professional membership association for the project, program, and portfolio management profession. Now in its 46th year, the association provides global advocacy, collaboration, education, and research to more than 2.9 million professionals working in nearly every country in the world. To better support project practitioners in their role as “change agents,” PMI utilizes popular social media platforms, as well as a robust virtual community. Through social media, PMI creates an environment in which project practitioners create, curate, and share strong value-added content, take part in well-informed discussions, and collaborate to seek effective solutions.
Privacy Concerns with Digital Forensics
Authors: Rowe Neil C.
Published: February 2016

Digital forensics is a rapidly growing technology for examining the contents of computers and digital devices. It raises many challenges to conventional notions of privacy because it involves a considerably more detailed search of digital data than is possible with other techniques, and it can be done surreptitiously. However, there are analogies to homes and the rights of individuals to be free from unwarranted searches and seizures in their private spaces. Even though commercial software and data comprises most of digital space, there are clearly enclaves of data that deserves to be kept private. We discuss the techniques of digital forensics and investigative targets. We identify key challenges to privacy, and outline both the legal protections and the technical protections available. Unfortunately, privacy laws are ineffective in most countries, and users need to take their own measures to protect themselves.
Public Administrators, School Safety, and Forms of Surveillance
Authors: Loutzenhiser Kirsten
Published: February 2016

In 2012, three minority students with disabilities died under a school district's watch. These tragedies placed the education, care and safety of students with disabilities on the public agenda. It put a high profile and an award-winning school superintendent on defense. What occurred in Tampa, Florida raises questions about school safety and equity across the country because it is located in the nation's largest school district. The public discourse shifted from performance to surveillance of a school district's most vulnerable population. In special education, surveillance includes a federally mandated process outlined in the 1975 Individuals with Disability Education Act (IDEA) where students with disabilities are identified, categorized and placed. Florida calls this Exceptional Student Education (ESE). Once eligible, school districts are required to monitor these students through an Individual Educational Program (IEP). This is a legal document that should reflect a school district's effort to provide a “free and appropriate education” (FAPE) in the “least restrictive environment” (LRE).
E-Government, E-Surveillance, and Ethical Issues from Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Masrom Maslin
Published: February 2016

E-government is a flagship application of the Malaysian Multimedia Super Corridor project, with the aim to reinvent government and bring about changes to the society in order to push forward into the information era. In this context, government services are believed to be more efficient and effective. Furthermore, improved service levels should be the focus of this reinvention. At the same time, surveillance is used in homes, offices and public areas (i.e. the government over its citizens). E-surveillance with invisible, visible, semi-concealed cameras and sensors is embedded everywhere in all corners of society. This situation has destroyed people's privacy even though the main purpose of having electronic surveillance is for security and safety purposes. This chapter discusses e-government and surveillance adaptation, and the ethical issues such as privacy and confidentiality, and personal data protection. Then it proposes a conceptual framework for understanding ‘e-government-e-surveillance-ethical issues', and last with the conclusion.
A Brief History of School Violence and Disturbance in America
Authors: Keenan Sheri Jenkins , Rush Jeffrey P.
Published: February 2016

George Santayana said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” This chapter explores, in brief, the history of school violence. The intent of the authors is to help readers understand school violence from an historical context in hopes that a better understanding of what has happened will help inform attempts at reducing school violence in the future.
State-Level Cyberbullying Policy
Authors: McNeal Ramona Sue , Kunkle Susan M. , Bryan Lisa Dotterweich
Published: February 2016

Cyberbullying is the use of information technology to deliberately hurt, taunt, threaten or intimidate someone. Currently, there are no federal statutes in the United States which directly address this problem. The response of the states has varied from attempting to use existing anti-bullying laws to limit cyberbullying to passing new laws that specifically target cyberbullying behavior. An important question is, “why are some states taking a lead in combating this cybercrime through new laws while others are relying on existing laws?” The literature on policy adoption suggests politics, resources and public need are important factors in predicting why certain states are more likely to enact government policies. This chapter analyzes the impact of these factors and others on policy adoption by exploring the level of legislative action to update existing cyberbullying laws for 2009 through 2014.
Stolen Voices
Authors: Tshabangu Icarbord
Published: February 2016

This chapter posits a view that while adults' freedom and liberty is much talked about and advanced in almost every sphere of life, particularly in America, freedom and social justice for the young has lagged behind especially in schools. Violence within schools continues to manifest in various forms including the denial of opportunity for students to meaningfully participate in decisions that affect them. The chapter explored some critical theoretical perspectives to shed light on the depth of the crisis through the lens of the child and those advocating children's rights as enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Theoretical narratives from Freire, Dahl, Foucault, Weber, Michels among others have been used to establish a deeper understanding. Despite being touted as the leader of the free world America still struggles to reconcile its liberal ideals with violence suffered in schools by some children.
“Come on Now, I Want to See Blood!”
Authors: Hansen Laura L. , Freitag Melissa E.
Published: February 2016

Violent initiation rites directed at new members or potential members of an organization are not recent phenomena and not exclusive to joining street gangs or crews. This chapter will explore the origins of violent initiation through history and how contemporary rites used to “welcome” new members in youth gangs mirror other entries into exclusively male enclaves. These rituals include controlled, choreographed patterns of violent behavior, including participants vs. voyeurs and number of blows directed at the initiate before the rite is considered to be completed. In additional to taking a historical perspective, recognized predictive risk factors for gang recruitment are listed, including those identified by Hill et al. (1999) in their Seattle study of juvenile delinquency and how it leads down the slippery slope to gang affiliation.
Baby Steps
Authors: Hansen Laura L.
Published: February 2016

With gang initiation starting as early as the primary school grades, the challenge to educators and administrators is to identify and suppress gang activities within the confines of school grounds. Taking into consideration the impotence of school systems to control the neighborhood and family environments, understanding the important role of schools to keep students engaged in scholarship to prevent gang membership cannot be stressed enough. Taking an applied approach, this chapter identifies what educators, administrators, and staff can do to identify behavior that might be on the surface mere imitation of gang membership (e.g. throwing gang signs), but could be symptomatic of close contact with known gang members and possibly exposure to the violence associated with gangs. The more school personnel can be cognizant of behavior that is indicative of exposure to gangs, curriculum planning and after school programs can be designed more efficiently to counter delinquent influences within the community, beyond “just say no” strategies.
Surviving the Streets of Makeevka
Authors: Naterer Andrej
Published: February 2016

The chapter explores the subculture of street children in Makeevka, Ukraine. Drawing upon qualitative and quantitative data gathered during longitudinal anthropological field research their surviving strategies along with social structures, economic activities and substance abuse are presented. In addition, extra-, intra- and inter-group violence is analyzed with an emphasis on the child's situational interpretation and adoption of the code of the street through subsequent code/identity switching and subcultural reactions.
From “Little Flowers of the Motherland” into “Carnivorous Plants”
Authors: Harding Simon
Published: February 2016

This chapter considers youth offending and youth justice in contemporary China noting significant changes due to the rapid economic transformation. Once famous for its low crime rates, the apparent rapid rise in Chinese juvenile delinquency has left the media ‘wondering what transformed these little “flowers of the motherland” into “carnivorous plants”. The chapter charts changes from the yanda (hard strikes) crackdown in 1983 to the highly publicised anti-crime crackdown in Chongqing. Despite limited data, a picture is emerging of changing influence of triads and altered relationships between organised crime and street gangs, noting street gangs are increasing due to an influx of rural migrants to the mega-cities. The chapter touches upon the risk factors and emergent arguments of this contemporary phenomenon, noting that Zhang et al (1997:299) has suggested that ‘China is in an early stage of gang development' possibly equivalent to the USA from 1930s to the 1960s.
Immunohistochemical markers of neural progenitor cells in the early embryonic human cerebral cortex
Authors: Vinci L. , Ravarino A. , Fanos V. , Naccarato A.G. , Senes G. , Gerosa C. , Bevilacqua G. , Faa G. , Ambu R.
Published: February 2016

The development of the human central nervous system represents a delicate moment of embryogenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression of multiple immunohistochemical markers in the stem/progenitor cells in the human cerebral cortex during the early phases of development. Â To this end, samples from cerebral cortex were obtained from 4 human embryos of 11 weeks of gestation. Each sample was formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded and immunostained with several markers including GFAP, WT1, Nestin, Vimentin, CD117, S100B, Sox2, PAX2, PAX5, TÎ²4, Neurofilament, CD44, CD133, Synaptophysin and Cyclin D1. Our study shows the ability of the different immunohistochemical markers to evidence different zones of the developing human cerebral cortex, allowing the identification of the multiple stages of differentiation of neuronal and glial precursors. Three important markers of radial glial cells are evidenced in this early gestational age: Vimentin, Nestin and WT1. Sox2 was expressed by the stem/progenitor cells of the ventricular zone, whereas the postmitotic neurons of the cortical plate were immunostained by PAX2 and NSE. Future studies are needed to test other important stem/progenitor cells markers and to better analyze differences in the immunohistochemical expression of these markers during gestation.
Two Tertiary Sawflies, [Hymenoptera - Tenthredinidae], from British Columbia
Authors: Rice H M A
Published: February 2016

Two specimens of sawflies from the Tertiary beds of central British Columbia are in the palaeontological collection of the Geological Survey of Canada. These belong to the family Tenthredinidae and subfamily Allantinae. One has been assigned to the genus
Eriocampa and one to Pseudosiobla which seem to agree with the previous assignment of similar fossil species. These two specimens are similar to some previously described species from Florissant, Colorado, but until more specimens are found they seem to be sufficiently different to warrant assigning
them to new species.
Notes on quaternary palaeoecological problems in the Yukon Territory, and adjacent regions
Authors: Terasmae J
Published: February 2016

The Yukon Territory has attained a prominent place among problem areas in Canada for Quaternary research, because parts of northern Yukon are unique in that they remained unglaciated throughout the Quaternary. Geological and palynological studies have indicated
the presence of a long palaeoecological record in the unglaciated region, but this record is broken by frequent and important discontinuities. The recycling of deposits by erosion and redeposition, and their permanently frozen condition complicate the studies. Possible migration of plants across the
postulated Bering Sea land bridge introduces several as yet poorly known factors into palaeobotanical investigations. Available evidence indicates that Quaternary climatic changes in Yukon have been approximately contemporaneous with, and probably of the same magnitude as those farther south in the
temperate latitudes. Palaeoecological evidence indicates that human migration could have occurred from Asia to Yukon and thence southward in late -Quaternary time, some 14, OOO years ago, or possibly even earlier in the mid-Wisconsin non glacial interval. Recent archaeological studies have confirmed
the probable presence of human occupation in Yukon during late -Quaternary time. The late -Quaternary extinction of several mammal species in Yukon is an interesting problem; whether it occurred because of changing palaeoecological conditions or from other causes remains to be
explained.
Upper cambrian formations, southern Rocky Mountains of Alberta, an onterim report
Authors: Aitken J D , Greggs R G
Published: February 2016

The revised Upper Cambrian sequence for the southern Rocky Mountains of Alberta is as follows: Mistaya Formation (proposed) - a cliff-forming unit of carbonate rocks, overlying the Bison Creek Formation and underlying interbedded green-weathering shales and
limestones with early Ordovician fossils. Age - Trempeleauan. Bison Creek Formation (proposed) - a recessive -weathering unit of interbedded limestones, shales, and marls tones . Age - Franconian and Trempeleauan. Lyell Formation (revised) - a thick, cliff-forming unit of carbonate rocks. Age -
Dresbachian. Sullivan Formation (revised) - a recessive-weathering unit of interbedded shales, limestones, and subordinate siltstones. Age - Dresbachian. Waterfowl Formation (proposed) - a cliff-forming unit of carbonate rocks and silts tones. Age - partly Dresbachian; may be Middle Cambrian in
part. Arctomys Formation (restricted) - a recessive-weathering unit of red and green shales, thin-bedded siltstones, and minor carbonate rocks, overlying the late Middle Cambrian Pika Formation. Age - latest Middle(?) and earliest Upper(?) Cambrian. The Upper Cambrian of the region comprises three
cycles of deposition (Arctomys -Waterfowl, Sullivan-Lyell, and Bison Creek-Mistaya). Each cycle begins with the sudden appearance of shales above a thick interval of carbonate rocks. The interbedded shales, limestones and silts tones of the first half of the cycle grade upward into a sequence of
carbonate rocks with minor siltstone and sandstone that forms the second half of the cycle. Evidence of deposition in very shallow water, such as mud-cracks, ripplemarks, algal stromatolites, pebble conglomerates, oolites and well-sorted calcarenites, is widespread in both shaly and carbonate
half-cycles. The Upper Cambrian is up to 5, OOO feet thick in the Main Ranges, thinning northeastward toward the Plains. The shaly Sullivan and Bison Creek Formations grade northward into carbonate intervals indistinguishable from the bounding Waterfowl, Lyell, and Mistaya Formations. The sequence
Waterfowl-Sullivan-LyellBison Creek-Mistaya thus passes into an equivalent, thick, undivided unit of carbonate rocks, the Lynx Group (elevated from Lynx Formation). The Lynx Group is divisible into Upper and Lower divisions in the region in which the Sullivan is present but the Bison Creek
unrecognizable. The Bosworth, Paget, and Sherbrooke Formations of the Kicking Horse Pass area, the Mons Formation of the Glacier Lake area, the Tangle Ridge Formation of the Sunwapta Pass area, and the Ghost River Formation of the eastern Front Ranges are considered obsolete and invalid
.
Geological notes Itchen Lake map-area district of Mackenzie
Authors: Bostock H H
Published: February 2016

The Itchen Lake map-area lies between 65 and 66 degrees north latitude and between 111 and 113 degrees west longitude . Rocks of the Yellowknife Group (early Precambrian) are mostly steeply dipping in a broad belt prominently exposed within the map-area. Basic
and some acid volcanic rocks with quartz-biotite and quartz-amphibole gneisses are present in the lower part of the group and knotted schist with greywacke are predominant in the upper part. Remnants of siliceous gneisses, possibly of pre-Yellowknife age, are present beyond the southeast margin of
the belt . Knotted schists bearing amphibolite bodies characterized by garnet-bearing beds and patches of gossan, are present along the northwest margin of the belt and are tentatively correlated with basic volcanic ·rocks along the southeast margin. Gold, accompanied by arsenopyrite,
pyrrhotite, magnetite, pyrite, chalcopyrite and loelingite, has been found associated with these amphibolites. It is suggested that the belt of Yellowknife rocks forms part of a major synclinal structure . Slate, argillite, and quartzite w ith minor carbonate and conglomerate, mostly flat lying in
the basin of "Rockinghorse Lake", are correlated with the lower units of the Goulburn Group (Proterozoic) at Contwoyto Lake. Dykes of diabase and gabbro cut rocks of both the Yellowknife and Goulburn Groups. Rocks of the latter Group are penetrated by s ills of similar rock dated at 1, 555 million
years. Plutonic rocks ranging from granite to gabbro are present chiefly along the margins of and beyond the belt of Yellowknife rocks. Lit-par-lit gneisses and other hybrid rocks were derived from rocks of the Y e llowknife Group. K-Ar ages of biotite and muscovite in these rocks and in rocks of
the Yellowknife Group examined to date range from 2, 075 to 2, 350 million years .
Structural analysis of three extension faults in number 4 Mine, Canmore, Alberta
Authors: Norris D K
Published: February 2016

A mesoscopic analysis of three extension faults exposed in the roof of Number 4 coal seam, Canmore, Alberta, has revealed that the fault surfaces are manifestly not planes. Moreover, the acute angle between the faults and the layering varies somewhat
systematically but does not necessarily increase from the centre line toward the extremities of the faults. The net slip varies erratically along the length of the faults in a manner believed to exist in similar structures on a megascopic scale, and the line of maximum net slip is not necessarily
equidistant from the extremities of the faults. The pitch of slickenside striae on a given fault varies systematically from shallow toward the extremities too steep toward the more central regions indicating significant lateral slip and normal slip on one and the same fault surface. A crude
mathematical model confirms the need for lateral slip of the relatively active block toward the extremities and normal slip at the centre of even the simplest fault.
Clearwater complex, New Quebec
Authors: Bostock H H
Published: February 2016

Clearwater Lake, centred at 56°10 1N, 74°20'W, consists of two circular basins roughly 19 and 16 miles in diameter respectively. A concentric ring of islands 10 miles in diameter and a low broad central reef area lie in the west lake, the smaller east
lake is slightly more than 500 feet deep, but the west lake is considerably shallower. The hinterland and islands are underlain by Precambrian plutonic rocks. These are intruded by diabase bodies, more abundant on the island ring than in the hinterland, Local remnants of Middle or Upper Ordovician
limestone are preserved on the island ring. Precambrian rocks and diabase of the island ring are intruded by a sequence of rocks progressing from friable volcanic breccia through coherent volcanic breccia to massive dacite. Argillization of plutonic rocks is associated with the friable breccia,
whereas partial fusion and recrystallization are associated with the later intrusions. Two K-Ar whole-rock age determinations on massive dacite yielded 285 and 300 million years. Feldspar, particularly plagioclase, in some plutonic rock fragments in the friable breccias, and on the surface of the
small islands of the central reef area is partly or entirely converted to glass (maskelynite) so as to preserve mineral textures such as antiperthite. Mafic minerals are only slightly affected and cleavage is commonly developed in quartz. The order of emplacement and the petrographic details of the
rocks of the Clearwater Complex and the alterations that accompanied them do not support an hypothesis of meteorite impact. The structure is thought to be of volcanic origin, transitional between cauldron subsidence and cryptoexplosion. A local intrusion of hot gas into diabase magma at depth is
advanced as a tentative working hypothesis to account for the features observed.
Surficial geology, Beauceville map-area, Quebec
Authors: Gadd N R
Published: February 2016

Beauceville map-area contains evidence of two invasions by Laurentide ice sheets moving south to southeasterly; no evidence was found to support an older hypothesis of ice movements from the south. The surficial deposits include a dense, dark grey stony till at
the base - non-glacial gravel and sand in deposits up to 115 feet thick - and overlying light grey to light brown sandy and stony till with related thin bodies of grey and reddish grey varved clay. The till and varved-clay units are inter stratified in several sections. It is postulated that
gold-bearing gravels of the Beauceville region, earlier considered to be of Tertiary age, belong to the non-glacial sand and gravel sequence, which the writer considers to be no greater than interglacial in age, and probably interstadial. Cementation and iron oxide staining of some of the gravels,
presented by others as evidence of soil-forming conditions of Tertiary time, are here c onsidered to be phenomena of secondary enrichment under groundwater conditions of present or relatively recent time.
Geology of Charlottetown map - area, Prince Edward Island
Authors: Prest V K
Published: February 2016

This report deals with the bedrock and surficial deposits of a small area on the south shore of Prince Edward Island. Bedrock is mantled throughout most of the Charlottetown area by a layer of glacial drift, a few inches to 25 feet thick. Natural rock exposures
are restricted mainly to coastal areas and along some streams. Bedrock is terrestrial Upper Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian red sandstones, siltstones, and claystones, essentially flatlying except near a northeast-trending domal structure centred in Hillsborough Bay. Bedding is extremely variable in
most exposures. The drift mantle is mainly basal till with related patches of ablation till and of ice-sloughed debris. Minor glacio-fluvial deposits are poorly developed in valleys in the western part of the area. Glacial striae in Charlottetown area suggest that in late Wisconsin time ice flowed
from dispersal areas in Cape Breton Island to the east, in the Cobequid Mountains to the south, and in central New Brunswick to the west. Deglaciation resulted in ice stagnation and accumulation of debris on the surface. There is no evidence of early post-glacial marine overlap in this area,
although evidence of overlap has been recognized at the western end of the Island. There are no mineral deposits of economic interest, nor any noteworthy sand and gravel deposits. The land is used chiefly for agricultural purposes, but the parent soil materials are not rich soil or soil-forming
types, and require constant chemical treatment to compensate for mineral deficiencies.
Mineral industry of District of Mackenzie, 1963
Authors: Schiller E A , Hornbrook E H W
Published: February 2016

This report reviews mining and exploration in the District of Mackenzie for 1963. The district's three gold mines - Giant Yellowknife Mines Limited, Con-Rycon Mines, and Consolidated Discovery Gold Mines Limited - produced just over 400, OOO ounces of gold
bullion with a total value of about 15 million dollars. Two developing mines - Tundra Gold Mines Limited and Pine Point Mines Limited - are scheduled to commence production in 1964 and 1966 respectively. Pending further studies, a silver-copper property, 1 mile east of Port Radium may commence
mining in 1964, Exploration in the district by major companies was concentrated in a 160-mile long belt between Itchen Lake and the upper part of Back River. Canadian Nickel Company, Falcon bridge Nickel Mines Limited, Big Four Syndicate, and the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company Limited did
surface and drilling programs on gold properties found in 1961 and 1962. Giant Yellowknife Mines Limited and Roberts Mining Company completed surface programs on a number of claim groups. In 1963, there were 2, 952 claims recorded in the district. Staking of new discoveries took place in the
following localities: a gold prospect at Point Lake, 82 claims; a number of gold showings in the Regan Lake area, 136 claims; a gold prospect in the Coronation Gulf area, over 900 claims; and a nickel showing at Itchen Lake, 112 claims. A number of gold properties near Yellowknife were examined in
detail. Drilling programs were done on the following properties - Rodstrom Yellowknife Gold Mines Ltd., Akaitcho Yellowknife Mines Limited, W. T. group, and the MON group.
Pre-mississippian rocks of Nansen sound area, District of Franklin
Authors: Trettin H P
Published: February 2016

A reconnaissance of parts of the Lower Palaeozoic Franklinian eugeosyncline and the Lower Cambrian or older Cape Columbia Group has been carried out. The Cape Columbia Group consists of argillaceous, quartzose, and calcareous sediments showing low grade regional
metamorphism. The pre-Silurian succession of the eugeos yncline is incomplete, strongly faulted, and not fossiliferous. A thick sequence of slate, phyllite, sandstone, ribbon chert, dolomite, limestone and volcanic rocks has been assigned to the Rens Fiord Complex. The area probably contains the
most complete Silurian and Devonian section of the eugeosyncline. The Lower Silurian and (?) older Imina Group, composed chiefly of lithic arenite and siltstone, was derived from metamorphic rocks and limestone off the north coast of Ellesmere Island. The Middle and Upper Silurian strata of
Ellesmere Island - more than 10, OOO feet thick - consist of slaty siltstone and shale with quartzose sandstone, volcanic rocks and some conglomerate in the Upper Silurian. Devonian strata preserved only in Axel Heiberg Island comprise 12, OOO feet of largely non-marine elastic sediments (Stall
worthy Formation) overlain by 10, 500 feet of turbidites and volcanic rocks, (Svartevaeg Formation). There is evidence for several pre-Silurian orogenies. Caledonian movements - probably confined mainly to Axel Heiberg Island - took place between Middle Silurian and Middle Devonian time with
intermittent tectonism and keratophyric volcanism in the late Middle and early Upper Silurian. Strong Mid-Palaeozoic movements affected the whole area between Lower Devonian and Upper Mississippian time and probably culminated in Upper Devonian(?) granitic intrusions.
A preliminary study of foraminifera distribution on the atlantic continental shelf, southeastern Nova Scotia
Authors: Bartlett G A
Published: February 2016

Bottom sampling at forty-one stations in the shallow waters
of the southeast Scotian Shelf (lat. 43 °21 125", long. 63°39 10011 -65°45'
3011
) was carried out during June and July 1961. Littoral and neritic
bottom samples were taken at stations up to 12 miles offshore, in
waters up to 150 metres deep . Shallow-water foraminifera did not
show a direct relationship to depth or substrate. Salinity, either by
itself or in combination with other factors, is directly related to
distribution of brackish-water foraminifera. Calcareous species
greatly exceeded arenaceous species at most sampling stations.
Percentages of pelagic species increased with depth. Most shallowwater
benthonic species are indigenous, but the majority of deeperwater
benthonic forms indicate transportation or reworking or both.
Ninety per cent of more than one hundred species examined are related
to Arctic foraminifera previously described . No new species are
established. Grouping of species, because of general morphological
similarities, was initiated.
Geotechnical investigations, Red River Floodway, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Authors: Hobson G D , Scott J S , van Everdingen R O
Published: February 2016

During preliminary engineering studies of the Red River Floodway - a channel to divert floodwater from Red River around the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba - groundwater flows were encountered when a test pit was excavated in the Floodway right-of-way. The groundwater
flow was being derived by upward leakage from an artesian aquifer in fractured Ordovician limestone underlying the till and lacustrine clay in which the test pit was being excavated. Potential groundwater seepage could thus be anticipated in areas where the base of the Floodway channel comes close
to the bedrock surface. A hammer seismic-refraction survey was made along the centre line of the Floodway to extend existing bore-hole information and to provide a continuous profile of the bedrock surface and of the interfaces of Pleistocene deposits overlying bedrock. The average error in
determining depth to bedrock by the hammer seismic method was plus or minus 7. 3 per cent of depths determined from bore-hole data. The effect of construction of the Floodway on the regional piezometric surface of the bedrock aquifer was simulated by the construction of an electric-analog model of
the continuous-solid conductor type, using Teledeltos paper. The model was set up as a secondary flow-field or drawdown type. The type of model used gives only eventual equilibrium drawdown values, regardless of time. A time factor, corresponding to equilibrium conditions, was derived by use of a
constant-head drain formula. Theoretical time- and distance drawdown curves calculated with the formula were compared with distance-drawdown curves obtained from the model. Total groundwater discharge along the length of the Floodway channel was predicted to be 1044 cfs immediately following
construction, decreasing to 57 cfs as piezometric equilibrium is reached. These predictions are based on extrapolated values of seepage quantities entering the test pit and on a drain-discharge formula.
Stratigraphy and palynology of a permian section, Tatonduk River, Yukon Territory
Authors: Bamber E W , Barss M S
Published: February 2016

The following four stratigraphic units are described (base to top) from a well-exposed stratigraphic section of Permian rocks on Tatonduk River in northwestern Yukon Territory (64° 58' N, 140° 54' W). (1) rock unit A, 859 feet thick, consisting of
pyritic shale and siltstone with thin-bedded chert at the base ; (2) rock unit B, 1, 279 feet thick, consisting of inter bedded , argillaceous, spicular limestone and calcareous, pyritic shale; (3) middle recessive unit of Nelson (1961), 1, 648 feet thick , composed mainly of interbedded siltstone ,
shale, and limestone with some sandstone and conglomerate ; (4) Tahkandit Formation, 1, 088 feet thick, comprising spicular chert with some limestone, dolomite , and siltstone. The lower three units contain a great variety of Lower Permian monosaccate, bisaccate, and striate sporomorphs. These are
associated with a marine fauna, which includes Wolfcampian fusulinid Foraminifera in the upper part of the middle recessive unit. The occurrence of reworked? Devonian and Lower Carboniferous sporomorphs with the Permian assemblage is a reflection of Early Permian erosion, which produced a widespread
sub-Permian unconformity in the area.
The petrography of the coal from the Blakeburn strip mine in the Tulameen coal area, British Columbia
Authors: Donaldson J R
Published: February 2016

A partial column of the 90-foot-thick seam from the Blakeburn Strip Mine in the Tulameen coal area was examined petrographically. This column was analyzed for lithotypes, microlithotypes and macerals as a preliminary study into Canadian coals of Tertiary age.
Nine additional spot samples through the seam section were examined for maceral content and reflective indices. Proximate analyses were carried out and used in conjunction with R0 indices for coke stability predictions. These indicated poor coking potential for this coal due to an overabundance of
reactive components, which include a high percentage of resinite in certain parts of the seam. Because this seam is overlain by a volcanic flow of olivine basalt, it was suspected that its higher rank was the result of metamorphic changes brought about by the lava. However, evidence of contact
metamorphism was not found, and the higher rank may be related to a greater depth of overburden in the centre of the coal basin together with an abnormally high geothermal gradient, the latter being caused by the volcanic activity in the region.
Description, palynology and paleoecology of the Hassel Formation (Cretaceous) on eastern Ellef Ringnes Island, District of Franklin
Authors: Hopkins W S , Balkwill H R
Published: February 2016

Sedimentary structures and palyno-assemblages indicate that the sandstones of the lower part of the Hassel Formation of eastern Ellef Ringnes Island were deposited in an upper shore-face marine environment; sandstone, siltstone, shale and coal, comprising the
middle and upper parts of the formation, have structures and features indicative of fluvial deposition. Thin, lenticular carbonaceous shale beds at Hoodoo Dome and Cape Cairo were analysed for their spore and pollen content. The microfloras indicate a late Albian and/or early Cenomanian age, which
is consistent with regional paleontological and structural evidence. Humid, warm temperate conditions during Hassel deposition are suggested by the microflora.
Field and laboratory methods used by the Geological Survey of Canada in geochemical surveys No. 12 mercury in ores, rocks, soils, sediments and water
Authors: Jonasson I R , Lynch J J , Trip L J
Published: February 2016

Methods and equipment used by the Geochemistry Section, Geological Survey of Canada for the rapid, routine determination of mercury by cold vapour atomic absorption in various materials of geological interest, viz; rocks, soils, sediments, ores and waters, are
described in detail. The range of mercury contents which can be covered for solid samples is 2 r'lg to 1000 ng Hg; i. e. 4 ng/g to 2000 ng/g for 0. 500 g samples. The useful range of concentration which can be covered for water samples, including snow, is 0. 01 ng/g to 2. 5 ng/g. Coefficients of
variation (arithmetic) for all samples have been calculated. In the range of Hg content: 2-25 ng, CV is 25%; 50-100 ng, CV is 15%; 2150 ng, CV is 10% for example. Negative interferences by a number of metallic elements, in the chemical form in which they exist under the conditions of the
method, have been quantitatively investigated. Au, Pd, Pt, Te at microgram levels, interfere significantly when precipitated in elemental form. Se, Cu and Ag which do not precipitate as metals, do not interfere, even at mg levels. Finely powdered sulphur, 215 mg, causes significant interference to
the expected Hg signal. Because the levels at which most metals interfere are high relative to their natural abundances, only Te content is an important factor to be considered in routine geochemical analyses for mercury.
An ionization chamber for continuous monitoring of Radon-222 levels in Ottawa and Gatineau Hills, Canada
Authors: Dyck W
Published: February 2016

A 250-litre ionization chamber was constructed and tested and was found to be suitable for continuous monitoring of atmospheric radon. The ionization chamber consists essentially of a shielded 45 cm I. D. x 150 cm stainless steel cylinder, a 2 cm centre electrode
and a filter and blower at the inlet. The negative ion current generated by ionizing radiation is collected from the centre electrode by a vibrating capacitor-type electrometer. To cancel the relatively large but constant background due to gamma-rays and junction potentials, only the fraction of the
signal above this background level is amplified, smoothed and recorded on a chart recorder. When stationary the chamber has a radon-222 sensitivity of 0. 0045 pc/ l / mpA and a detection limit of about 0. 04 pc/ 1 when the signal is integrated hourly. Continuous monitoring of atmospheric air from an
elevation of 85 feet above ground level at the Geological Survey of Canada Building, Ottawa, revealed a diurnal cycle in the radon-222 content on quiet days with a maximum in the early morning hours. In general, higher radon levels corresponded with hazy quiet atmospheres and l ower levels with
clear and windy or rainy days. Several tests in the Gatineau Hills, Quebec, showed that air from a 30 -foot height contained about the same amount of radon at Fortune Lake where uranium mineralization is known to occur as at Pinks Lake where no uranium mineralization is evident. By placing the
chamber in a boat on a lake and passing compressed air, which had been used to agitate the water, through the chamber a reading much stronger than that from atmospheric air was obtained. Suitably modified, the ionization chamber could become useful in the search for uranium mineralization covered by
water