bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Mask R-CNN Architecture for Accurate Identification and Segmentation of Potato Plant Leaf Diseases in Agriculture
Authors: Anuradh Gupta
Published: February 2025

A sizable section of India's rural population depends on agriculture for their livelihoods, while manual labor and disease control continue to be problems. The objective of this study is to enhance the Mask R-CNN architecture for precise detection and segmentation of potato plant leaf illnesses. This is of utmost importance in agriculture since diseases like as early blight and late blight profoundly affect crop productivity. Traditional illness detection techniques are characterized by their high labor requirements and susceptibility to human mistakes, thereby requiring the use of automated alternatives. By refining the feature extraction method, optimizing the Region Proposal Network (RPN), and enhancing segmentation via data augmentation and parameter tweaking, the suggested technique improves Mask R-CNN. Empirical findings indicate that the optimized Mask R-CNN outperforms other models, including YOLOv8 and EfficientNet, with an accuracy of 99.86%, precision of 99.82%, recall of 99.83%, and an F1-score of 99.84%. In conclusion, of work establishes that the optimized Mask R-CNN is a reliable instrument for early and accurate disease identification, thereby enhancing crop management and agricultural output.
An Ensemble of Encryption and Compression of Image using Burrows Wheeler Transform for Color Image Security
Authors: V.Senthil Balaji
Published: February 2025

At present times, securing multimedia data like images and videos become essential in the telecommunication sector. To achieve security, encryption is commonly used to protect the actual data against illegal access. This paper presents an ensemble of encryption then compression (EETC) scheme to achieve security in the transmission of images. The suggested approach first splits down the input picture into its red, green, and blue components and then the components are encrypted utilizing an ensemble of data encryption algorithms, namely signcryption, dynamic advanced encryption standard (D-AES), and Arnold’s cat map. Then, the encrypted versions of R, G, and B components are fused to bring about the final cipher image. Utilizing the Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) helps restrict the encrypted image to minimize the data stored or transmitted across the network. Finally, at the receiver side, the reversible process of compression and encryption takes place for the remodeling of the original input image with less quality. To determine the higher standard of the EETC scheme, a set of simulations occur to make sure that the suggested framework is at its best. The results of the experiment proved this EETC strategy works well for compression, efficiency and secrecy.
The Importance of Business Education Curriculum and Financial Management for Students with Blind Special Educational Needs
Authors: Ashari Ismail
Published: February 2025

This review article explores the critical role of business education and financial management in the academic and personal development of students with blind special educational needs. It highlights the unique challenges faced by visually impaired learners in accessing business education and financial literacy. By examining existing literature and educational practices, this article emphasizes the need for inclusive curricula that cater specifically to the needs of blind students. The findings underscore that equipping visually impaired students with business acumen and financial management skills is essential for promoting their independence, self-sufficiency, and future success in the workforce.
Empowering Public Trust in Vaccines for Effective Outbreak Response
Authors: Alok Soreng
Published: February 2025

Social media sites like Twitter act as vibrant centres of worldwide communication. highly influential due to the large number of users and the constant stream of information shared. This can be both positive and negative. On the negative side, social media can be a breeding ground for misinformation and can exacerbate public anxieties, especially during crisis situations like pandemics. This paper highlights Understanding how important it is to measure public opinion on social media sites is critical to surviving in today's digital environments, especially regarding concerns lingering after a pandemic. By analyzing these concerns, policymakers can make better decisions to address public anxieties and improve public health policies in the future. Preprocessing involves tokenization, stop word removal, stemming/lemmatization, and normalization. Each preprocessed token is then embedded using an LSTM layer to capture context and sequence. An attention mechanism focuses on crucial aspects of the text. Sentiment analysis with polarity and objectivity ranking is performed alongside context extraction. Finally, an LSTM classifier leverages both sentiment and context features to categorize the text. This approach offers a comprehensive method for text classification considering sentiment, context, and inherent textual features. proposed approach achieved higher accuracy (92.8%) compared to Random Forest and LSTM models used with these embeddings.
Spontaneous Infected Subdural Hematoma in an Infant: A Case Report
Authors: Panhwer Uzma , Arain Saman , Khattri Yussra , Siddiqui Danial Khalid , Umar Afifa , Farooq Muhammad Umer
Published: February 2025

Subdural Empyema (SDE) is a rare infection occurring in the subdural space, with a higher incidence rate among infants. Infants typically have a 1%-2% SDE incidence rate. The most common causes of infected subdural hematoma are gastrointestinal or urinary tract infections.

However, there have been few reports of infected subdural hematoma in preexisting chronic subdural hematoma without a known cause, as observed in this case.

Symptoms commonly reported by patients include headaches, fever, altered sensorium, vomiting, and seizures. Notably, only half of the affected individuals experience the classic trifecta of headaches, fever, and vomiting. In severe cases, the mass effect can lead to complications such as hemiparesis, cranial nerve palsy, and papilledema.

To diagnose SDE, a CT scan is typically performed, which may reveal a hypodense area over the hemisphere or along the falx. The use of contrast material can enhance the differentiation of the infected area. However, the preferred diagnostic method is MRI with gadolinium enhancement. In cases where symptoms are limited to headaches and fever without other neurological symptoms, urgent MRI may be necessary, with sedation administered as needed.

Spontaneous subdural empyema in the presence of subdural hematomas is extremely rare. The presented case adds to the limited literature by describing a confirmed infection on the evacuated side of a subdural hematoma.

Physicians should be aware of this potentially life-threatening complication and consider subdural empyema diagnosis in newborns based on strong clinical and radiological suspicion. Early therapeutic drainage is emphasized as the primary mode of treatment for SDE.
探討教師在數學自主學習教學歷程中知識、信念與教學實務特徵之轉變—一位技術型高中教師的個案研究
Authors: 洪德義 洪德義 , 楊世裕 楊世裕 , 鄭章華 鄭章華
Published: February 2025

近年來，各國課程改革關注學生自主學習，十二年國教總綱亦在各教育階段強調培養學生成為終身學習者。許多研究皆指出教師在課堂中教導並引導學生自主學習，能提升學習動機與學業成就。雖然自主學習受到重視，但對教師的自主學習知識、信念、和教學實務的關注與研究仍不足。本研究以一位有志於提升SRT相關知能的技術型高中數學教師為研究對象，探究其自主學習知識和信念改變的歷程。同時也參考Chen與Lin(2023)所發展的數學SRT評估工具，分析教師於數學課堂中涉及SRL之發話。主要發現如下：1. 教師的自主學習知識有所提升，部分來自文獻閱讀，部分來自實務反思。教學知識轉變基於學科教學知識內容的積累和學生困難的分析發現。2. 教師的自我效能信念和教學信念產生轉變，主要來自於課程實施，使教師更清楚如何將理論轉化為教學策略，對SRT越來越有把握。3. 教師提高認知和後設認知策略的教導比重，然在動機面向仍有提升的空間。最後，本研究提出了關於自主學習推動、教學實踐、教師專業發展的建議，旨在促進教師引導學生自主學習，提升學生的數學學習成果。

Student self-directed learning (SDL) has been the focus of curriculum reforms in various countries in recent years. The general guidelines of national twelve-year school education programs also often em-phasize the cultivation of lifelong learning at all educational stages. Numerous studies have noted that the promotion of SDL by teachers through instruction and guidance can enhance students’ motivation and academic achievement. Despite its growing prominence and popularity, there is still a lack of re-search on teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding SDL. This study explored the changes in knowledge and beliefs about SDL exhibited by a technical high school mathematics teacher who was committed to improving their understanding and skills through self-regulated teaching (SRT). Using the mathematics SRT assessment tool developed by Chen and Lin (2023), this study also analyzed the teacher’s classroom discourse related to SDL. The main findings are threefold. First, the teacher’s knowledge of SDL improved, partly through literature and partly through practical reflection. This trans-formation was based on the teacher’s accumulation of content knowledge and their analysis of student difficulties. Second, the teacher’s self-efficacy and teaching beliefs changed, primarily through curricu-lum implementation, leading to both clearer understanding of how to translate theory into teaching strat-egies and increased confidence in SRT. Third, the teacher had more generally increased their emphasis on cognitive and metacognitive teaching strategies, but there remained room for improvement in respect to their motivation to engage these strategies. Finally, the study provides recommendations on promoting SDL teaching practices and professional development for teachers aimed at helping them to guide stu-dents’ SDL and enhance their mathematics learning outcomes.

 
運用問題導向學習法提升國中學生學習成效之行動研究－以人文通論地理結合校本課程為例
Authors: 葉宜宣 葉宜宣
Published: February 2025

近年由基層老師發起的翻轉教室教學法如雨後春筍般出現，然而全面實施時發現並不適用於所有課程及學生。問題導向學習法以學生為中心，透過老師引導並搭配微講述，利用真實問題與學生建立共鳴，可發現運用於人文通論地理的研究甚少，因此本研究的首要目的為針對國中七年級下學期臺灣的人文通論地理課程設計教學模組，接著透過準實驗法，實驗組實施問題導向學習法，對照組實施傳統講述教學，探討問題導向學習法是否能提升學生的學業成就，最後利用問卷調查法，分析學習態度是否有所差異。研究結果發現多數學生對於問題導向學習法給予正向的肯定，相較以往更主動閱讀課文，理解能力進步許多，各組發表時能分析學習的癥結點。再者，雖然實驗組整體成績無明顯提升，但部分中間程度學生進步顯著，可是隨著實施時間拉長，學習效果卻降低。第三，根據問卷統計資料顯示，實驗組與對照組之學習態度無差異，但問題導向學習法卻能增加學習信心並提高課堂參與度。綜合上述發現，問題導向學習法並不適用於所有國中地理課程內容，抽象概念適合傳統講述教學，有議題性或實作性的內容則適用問題導向學習法，在課時限制之下，講述法搭配問題導向學習法能有效率教學，更能培養抽象思考及判斷能力，本研究提供中學地理教學之參考。

 

In recent years, educators have increasingly begun to use so-called “flipped classroom” teaching and learning techniques even though these are not necessarily suitable for every student. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is student-centered; students discuss true events, while teachers guide them and provide mini-lectures. As research in Taiwan has indicated that PBL is less frequently adopted in the teaching of human geography than in some other subjects, the primary purpose of this study was to investigate the value of PBL and inform its incorporation into a model for teaching seventh-grade human geography in Taiwanese schools. This research with a quasi-experimental design contrasted an experimental group subjected to PBL with a control group subjected to didactic teaching methods to explore whether PBL improves students’ study scores and attitudes towards learning. The findings showed that the majority of students responded positively to PBL in several respects. First, students read the textbook more actively than previously and also demonstrated significant improvements in comprehension. Second, although the experimental group’s scores did not show obvious improvement, middle-level students demonstrated progress and seemed to benefit most from PBL. As time passed, however, the beneficial effects on overall learning apparently diminished. Third, questionnaire-derived data revealed no differences in attitudes towards learning between the experimental group and the control group, but the findings suggested that PBL may increase learners’ confidence and participation in class. Based on this research, it is evident that PBL is not suitable for teaching all geography content at the junior high school level. Abstract concepts are better addressed using didactic teaching methods, while topical and practical content can be transmitted and absorbed effectively through PBL. Due to time limitations in class, a combination of didactic teaching and PBL is optimal and can improve students’ critical thinking skills.

 
SYNTHESIS OF PARALLEL TRANSLATIONAL MICROMANIPULATION MECHANISMS WITH ELASTIC KINEMATIC PAIRS
Authors: Harutyunyan M.G. , Zakaryan N.B. , Sargsyan Yu.L.
Published: February 2025

The paper is devoted to the synthesis of parallel translational micromanipulation mechanisms (PTMM) with elastic kinematic pairs. First, a review of existing publications on PTMM and their modern applications in micromanipulation systems and technologies is provided. The genesis and evolution of the theory and practice of robotic micromanipulation in the last 3 decades are presented.
The paper mainly discusses parallel robotic micromanipulators with 3 or fewer controlled degrees of mobility, implementing precision translational micromovements of the manipulated object along a given trajectory. The application of these mechanisms makes it possible to combine in the designed micromanipulation system the main advantages of parallel mechanisms (high positioning accuracy and load-bearing capacity, structural rigidity, etc.) and mechanisms with elastic pairs, free of joint clearances, contact friction and technological errors.
Next, we present the methodology and a generalized algorithm for problem-oriented block-modular synthesis of compliant PTMM based on replacing conventional rotational pairs of structurally equivalent rigid body prototypes of these mechanisms with elastic pairs. Special attention is paid to structural synthesis-the first and most critical stage in the process of designing PTMM, since the main kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the designed mechanism, as well as the success of the entire design process, largely depend on the appropriate selection of its kinematic structure.
In the second part of the paper, the presented methodological approach and algorithm for the structural-parametric synthesis of compliant PTGMs are applied to develop new structural options for straight line PTMMs to be used to replace translational pairs in micromanipulation systems. Аn Illustrative example of the kinematic synthesis of PTMs with elastic pairs are given based on the original 6 link planar parallel translational mechanisms which have been proposed by the authors.
THE INFLUENCE OF SEASONAL TRENDS ON E-COMMERCE SALES- AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Pande Nikhil
Published: February 2025

The goal of this research is to discover how seasonal trends affect the sales of e-commerce— more specifically, how holidays such as Black Friday, Cyber Monday and Christmas, as well as seasonal transitions like summer and winter. It also forests on how companies can leverage these trends to better their strategy and increase sales. Some of the tactics include; Marking trends to understand market movements, using AI to predict sales, offering customers specific deals, and making it easier for them to shop via their mobile phones. The peak seasons are full of opportunities that need to be seized, but there are also challenges that come with it, such as inventory management, price competition, and keeping the upper hand over the competitors. Tricks can be used by the companies to boost the sales and exploit the trend is what this study explores. One of the recommendations made is that the influence of different cultures on buying behavior and how emerging technologies may reshape the methods by which e-commerce businesses track these trends also warrants additional research.
The Corporate Sepulchre In Frank Norris’s The Octopus: A Story Of California
Authors: Senthilkumar R. , Bharathi Dr. R.
Published: February 2025

This research paper tries to bring out the struggle of Californian wheat farmers in the San Joaquin Valley against the powerful Pacific and Southwestern Railroad Monopoly. The novel, The Octopus: A Story of California depicts the monopolistic, land-grabbing railroad, consolidation, organization, conformity, tough-minded, self-reliant people, exploited the land, subversion, coercion and outright violence. This novel is dealt with the tensions between the railroad, the ranchers and rancher’s league and also exhibits corporate greed, monopolistic power, exploitation of the working class, struggle between the labor and capital, the decline of the individual and the transformation of California.
High Intensity Laser Therapy Versus Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy In Treating Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Kandeel Sherif AS , Ali Mohamad Abdelmoez
Published: February 2025

Background - Objective. Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is the primary etiology of lateral elbow pain, predominantly affecting the dominant arm. The objective of this investigation was to assess and contrast the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) in treating lateral epicondylitis.

Methods. Fifty-one patients diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis were separated into two groups: group one underwent ESWT, while group two received HILT. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Quick Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (QDASH), LE tenderness, handgrip strength and ultrasonographically assessed common extensor tendon thickness (CET) were assessed, before treatment, immediately post-treatment completion at the 3rd week and at the 9th week. Comparisons were done within each group and between groups.

Results. Prior to treatment, both groups demonstrated comparable characteristics (p > 0.05). Immediately following the completion of treatment, significant improvements were observed within each group across all parameters (p < 0.001), as well as in comparisons between the two groups, the HILT group demonstrated superior outcomes in all parameters (p < 0.05), except for CET thickness (p > 0.05). By the ninth week, significant improvements were observed within each group across all parameters (p < 0.05), with the exception of CET thickness (p > 0.05). The HILT group also demonstrated superior outcomes across all parameters (p < 0.05), with the exception of CET thickness (p > 0.05).

Conclusion. Both ESWT and HILT demonstrate efficacy in the management of lateral epicondylitis, However, HILT demonstrated greater superiority over ESWT.
Validating the kinesthetic play model: A quantitative study on enhancing early mathematical skills in Indonesian preschoolers
Authors: Utoyo Setiyo , Ismaniar Ismaniar , Hazizah Nur , Handrianto Ciptro
Published: February 2025

This study explores the effectiveness of the Kinesthetic Play Model in enhancing early mathematical skills among elementary school children in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The research aims to examine the relationship between kinesthetic play and mathematical performance, focusing on the role of engagement and interactive learning strategies. A sample of 933 participants was surveyed using a quantitative research design, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. Results showed a significant positive correlation between kinesthetic play and improvements in mathematical skills (β = 0.45, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the model revealed that children who participated in kinesthetic activities demonstrated a 38% higher achievement rate in problem-solving tasks compared to those who did not. The analysis also indicated that engagement in kinesthetic learning experiences was a strong predictor of higher performance in basic mathematical operations, with a standardized coefficient of 0.67. These findings support the theoretical framework of active learning and provide empirical evidence for integrating kinesthetic play into early education to foster mathematical development. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on interactive learning strategies and presents practical implications for educators aiming to improve children's engagement and academic outcomes in mathematics.
The first-year chemistry course through a mobile device: A pilot study in seventh grade
Authors: Sadykov Timur , Vysotskaya Elena , Kokibasova Gulmira , Ospanova Aliyash , Nurmaganbetova Manshuk
Published: February 2025

Today, practically every secondary school student has a mobile device. At the same time, teenagers utilize mobile devices for everything, including the completion of various learning activities. Plenty of interactive resources allow the use of mobile devices in teaching chemistry. We believe in the significant potential of these gadgets in chemistry education by making students’ learning more active. This pilot study explored the effect of our one-year interactive chemistry course on the students’ learning outcomes and the psychological and pedagogical features of their learning environment in middle school. Thirty-four interactive lessons for seventh graders exploited some elements of the activity approach and were created with the maximum use of interactive technology such as smartphones and tablets. The course was implemented at a middle school in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The pilot showed that using interactive materials boosts student motivation and productivity.
Child abuse in Hanoi, Vietnam: Testing relationship with risk factors
Authors: Trung Hai, Nguyen , O'Donnell Ronald R
Published: February 2025

Child abuse is one of the burning social problems in Vietnam. Children who are abused suffer significant and lasting negative effects on their development, both physically, emotionally, cognitively, and behaviorally. Physically, children show signs of hypervigilance; they startle easily, feel tired or exhausted, experience restless sleep, and have aches and pains. Cognitively, children often have nightmares, poor concentration and memory, disorientation, and confusion. Behaviorally, children often avoid places and activities that remind them of the traumatic event, avoid contact or socially isolate themselves, and lose interest in daily activities. Emotionally, children often feel scared, numb or detached, depressed, guilty, angry, easily agitated, anxious, and panicked [1]. Therefore, abused and neglected children will have poor development in the future, which affects the overall development of families and society. This study conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam, aimed to analyze the relationship between risk factors that can lead to child abuse. In this study, a quantitative design is employed. The population sample frame consists of 300 adult residents who live with their children, aged from infancy to below 18 years of age in Hanoi, Vietnam. The results show that children experienced varying types of abuse (minor, severe, very severe, and neglect) that could lead to adverse consequences in their future. There was a statistically significant relationship between some of the risk factors and child abuse. Specifically, the instability and low-income factors have a statistical relationship with a child's very severe abuse; the single parent, low education, and alcohol abuse factors have a statistical relationship with a child's severe abuse. Furthermore, instability and substance abuse also have a statistical relationship with child neglect. Identifying these risk factors will help us to develop more specific and effective interventions to address child abuse.
Creating 3D models of production equipment and infrastructure using Blender
Authors: Amirkhanov Bauyrzhan , Nurgazy Tomiris , Amirkhanova Gulshat , Kunelbayev Murat , Tyulepberdinova Gulnur
Published: February 2025

The growing popularity of intelligent manufacturing has been focused on digital twins since the beginning of the 4th Industrial Revolution. High-quality 3D visualization of production plays a key role in their creation. The presented article describes the use and step-by-step formation of models using Blender with CAD functions when creating a digital double using the example of the equipment. 3D rendering of production equipment allows us to see the equipment from different viewing angles, just like in real life. The purpose of the study is to familiarize people interested in digital doubles and 3D modeling with Blender and Precision Drawing Tools, as well as with the method of using these tools to create a digital copy of a food enterprise. During the research, six steps of creating a 3D model of production equipment and infrastructure were considered: modeling, texturing, optimization, environment, animation, and rendering. This methodology enables increased accuracy and realism in digital twins, allowing for in-depth analysis, simulation, and optimization of production processes. Ultimately, it helps drive smarter decision-making, increase efficiency in terms of resources, and the development of smart manufacturing technology.
A SEM-ANN analysis to examine the green consumption behavior of tourists in Vietnam
Authors: Huong Nguyen Thi Quynh , Vinh Nguyen Quang
Published: February 2025

Environmental pollution has become a widespread issue across various sectors, necessitating effective solutions to enhance awareness and foster positive consumer attitudes towards eco-friendly products, particularly within the tourism industry. This study investigates the green consumption behavior of tourists in Vietnam using the Value-Attitude-Behavior (VAB) theoretical framework, focusing on key influencing factors and relationships. A hybrid SEM-ANN approach was applied, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected from 526 tourists in Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City. Environmental consciousness and attitudes toward green advertising, environmental issues, and eco-social benefits significantly influence green consumption behavior. IPMA results show that environmental factors have the highest impact, followed by eco-social benefits, environmental issues, and green advertising. The analysis results also indicate the predictability of the ANN model compared with the SEM model, demonstrating the reasonableness of the SEM-ANN hybrid approach. The study also presents conclusions regarding its contributions to theoretical and practical aspects, as well as its limitations and directions for future research.
Eficácia da cetamina e esketamina no tratamento da depressão: revisão das evidências e perspectivas futuras
Authors: Dutra Raphaela Nogueira , Nascimento Mario Vitor Ferreira , Gontijo João Pedro Silva , Lisboa Kedson Santos , Viana Gabriel Franco , Coelho Natália Chaga , Dutra Sérgio Mendes , Alves Beatriz de Melo Lacerda
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão abrangente sobre o uso da cetamina e esketamina no tratamento da depressão resistente (TRD). A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de intervenções rápidas e eficazes para pacientes que não respondem aos antidepressivos tradicionais, principalmente aqueles com risco iminente de suicídio. O objetivo é discutir as evidências científicas sobre a eficácia e segurança dessas terapias inovadoras. A metodologia utilizada envolveu a busca por artigos em inglês nas bases PubMed e SciELO, nos últimos 28 anos, utilizando descritores relacionados à cetamina, esketamina e depressão. Os resultados destacam a eficácia da cetamina intravenosa e da esketamina intranasal, com melhorias significativas nos sintomas depressivos em curto prazo. Contudo, a necessidade de mais estudos sobre dosagem ideal, segurança a longo prazo e impacto em comorbidades é ressaltada. Conclui-se que, apesar de serem terapias promissoras, o uso clínico da cetamina e esketamina deve ser cuidadosamente monitorado, com protocolos otimizados para garantir a segurança dos pacientes.
Impactos da utilização de sucos de frutas e extratos vegetais como substratos no kefir
Authors: Paula Bruna Kristyer Lima de , Marques Maria de Fátima Fonseca , Oliveira Marina Maria Barbosa de , Randau Karina Perrelli
Published: February 2025

O kefir, uma bebida fermentada rica em microrganismos, é amplamente reconhecido por seus benefícios à saúde. Este estudo integrativo analisou literatura recente (2020-2024) sobre o uso de sucos de frutas e extratos vegetais como substratos na produção de kefir, com foco nas propriedades físico-químicas, microbiológicas e nas condições de fermentação. Dados extraídos de bases como PubMed (Medline), SciELO, ScienceDirect, Scopus e Web of Science mostram que substratos e condições de fermentação influenciam diretamente a viabilidade e diversidade microbiana, bem como as características físico-químicas e funcionais do produto. Contudo, há carência de estudos abrangentes sobre controle de qualidade microbiológico e físico-químico, como análises de pH, sólidos solúveis, ácidos, proteínas, carboidratos e atividade antioxidante, cruciais para avaliar o perfil funcional e a estabilidade do kefir. No contexto brasileiro, é essencial investigar o uso de frutas tropicais regionais com alto potencial funcional, além do reaproveitamento de seus resíduos como substratos, promovendo a sustentabilidade e a economia circular. Esses estudos devem incluir a avaliação da bioacessibilidade de compostos bioativos, impacto na fermentação e desenvolvimento de produtos com benefícios à saúde, como propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias. Para a implementação comercial, são indispensáveis ensaios clínicos que validem os benefícios à saúde, análises de estabilidade ao longo do armazenamento e o desenvolvimento de padrões de controle de qualidade específicos. Esses esforços podem viabilizar um produto inovador, sustentável e de impacto social, valorizando a agricultura familiar e agregando valor a recursos locais, atendendo às expectativas do mercado consumidor global.
Dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores referentes à leitura no período de pandemia no Paraná: essência e aparência na educação
Authors: Silvano Gilberto Prado , Rodrigues Samuel de Oliveira , Rodrigues Silvia Maria , Franco Sandra Aparecida Pires , Jesus Adriana Regina de
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisou as práticas pedagógicas de professores dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental público no estado do Paraná durante o período da pandemia, investigando as dificuldades enfrentadas no ensino da leitura nesse período. O estudo baseou-se na Teoria Histórico-Cultural e adotou o Materialismo Histórico e Dialético como método, aliado a uma revisão bibliográfica. Propôs-se uma prática pedagógica fundamentada no poema Rosa de Hiroshima, de Vinícius de Moraes, como estratégia para estimular a leitura. O artigo defende que o poema pode motivar os alunos, desde que contextualizado com suas vivências e experiências. Os resultados demonstram que essa abordagem contribuiu significativamente para o ensino-aprendizagem e para a formação de leitores críticos, evidenciando a importância da literatura na prática pedagógica e sua capacidade de sensibilizar os estudantes para reflexões sociais e históricas relevantes.
Marxismo e educação: fundamentos de uma teoria crítico-social revolucionária
Authors: Paulino Francisco Glauber de Oliveira , Costa Frederico Jorge Ferreira , Araújo Maria Núbia de , Araujo Raquel Dias , Medeiros Jarles Lopes de
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir aspectos do marxismo, particularmente sobre a sua dimensão teórico-filosófica autoconstitutiva e a proposta de educação crítica-propositiva voltada aos interesses da classe trabalhadora. A reflexão sobre o caráter teórico-filosófico e educacional deste complexo e a sua relação com a sociedade remete à necessidade de conhecermos as formas de determinações históricas, filosóficas e práticas derivadas das relações sociais que configuram a própria existência humana. Ao problematizar a leitura marxista da realidade objetiva junto à defesa de uma educação crítica-propositiva, consideramos o marxismo como complexo teórico-filosófico, método e prática que se manifesta em uma compreensão de educação e de formação humana, as quais são produzidas historicamente em meio a relações sociais concretas. Excetuando os seus elementos pré e pós-textuais, o texto está estruturado em três partes: na primeira apresentamos o referencial teórico, na segunda realizamos uma introdução ao marxismo e, por fim, discutimos brevemente a compreensão de educação marxista. Como resultado desta pesquisa bibliográfica, compreendemos que esta perspectiva teórico-metodológica oferece ferramentas importantes para a defesa de uma formação omnilateral visando superar a reprodução social e material de hoje, bem como o papel histórico da educação no processo produtivo, reprodutivo e na contestação das relações sociais da sociedade capitalista.
Biomechanics Based Materials and Applications in Orthopedic Clinic
Authors: Li Jiayuan
Published: February 2025

Biomechanics, as an interdisciplinary science, is a combination of physics and biological systems. This technology has widespread applications in medicine because it can help us understand how living organisms respond to both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanical stimuli. This article is mainly to show how the biomechanics is better used in the clinical aspect of orthopedics, to help us to better understand the relationship between the structure and function of human bones, and to provide new ideas for disease diagnosis, treatment plan selection and rehabilitation engineering. By collecting some literature and analyzing the literature, we find out the difficulties we may face in the present clinical stage. The application of biomechanics in the skeletal system is from the micro cellular level to the macroscopic overall bone structure, which is crucial to understanding bone health, disease and repair mechanism. This article will explore the application of biomechanics in the skeletal system, including bone mechanical properties, fracture repair, joint replacement, and motion biomechanics.
Control System for Digital High-Voltage DC Power Supply
Authors: Yang Huasong , Zhang Hongkui
Published: February 2025

High-voltage DC power supplies are important equipment in the power industry, and automation and digitization are the development trends for high-voltage DC power supplies. A control system for high-voltage DC power supplies has been designed with a digital signal processor (DSP) as the core, along with the design of a full-bridge inverter circuit, current detection circuit, and voltage feedback circuit. This system achieves stable control of high-voltage DC power supplies and provides a reference for the continuous and healthy development of the DC power supply industry.
Advancing Transposition-Preserving Pitch Estimation in Audio Signals with Neural Network Architectures
Authors: Zhang Xincheng
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the challenge of transposition-preserving pitch estimation from audio signals, a critical task in music information retrieval that facilitates robust pitch recognition across varied musical transpositions. Accurate pitch estimation is foundational for applications like automated music transcription and music analysis, where maintaining the relational integrity of pitch shifts is essential. The objective of this research is to develop a neural network model capable of predicting pitch distributions from Constant-Q Transform (CQT) frames that are both original and pitch-shifted. The proposed model incorporates advanced neural architecture involving convolutional layers and transposition-preserving Toeplitz fully connected layers. Specifically, the model processes input through layer normalization and a series of 1D convolutions, integrating Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE), Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), and Coordinate Attention (CA) to enhance feature recognition capabilities. This is followed by a softmax layer for classification, ensuring the model's outputs reflect the transposed relationships evident in the inputs. Experiments conducted on a comprehensive audio dataset demonstrate that the integration of attention mechanisms significantly enhances model performance, with the Coordinate Attention module proving particularly effective in spatial feature recognition. The results highlight the capability to preserve pitch information across transformations and confirm its potential in real-world applications. This study not only advances the field of music information retrieval but also establishes a framework for future developments in pitch estimation technologies.
Enhancing Microchip Performance Through Graphene Integration: A Comparative Analysis with Silicon
Authors: Zhai Wenyu
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the transformative potential of graphene for microchip technology, emphasizing its superior electrical and thermal properties compared to traditional silicon. Graphene, a two-dimensional material composed of a single layer of carbon atoms, boasts high electron mobility, exceptional thermal conductivity, and robust chemical stability, making it a promising candidate for next-generation microchip applications. This study provides a detailed examination of graphene's characteristics, including its electronic properties and thermal behavior, and discusses the implications of its ultra-high conductivity for microchip efficiency. The comparative analysis highlights the advantages of graphene over silicon in terms of conductivity, thermal properties, and stability, presenting a case for graphene's integration into microchip manufacturing. Despite current production challenges, such as the costliness of graphene synthesis methods like mechanical exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition, the paper argues for the future potential of graphene-based chips. This investigation not only underscores graphene’s capacity to lower threshold currents and enhance microchip efficiency but also addresses the ongoing need for technological advancements in heat dissipation as chip integration and power density increase.
Conducting Polymers: Methods for Enhancing the Electric Conductivity
Authors: Zhang Chenyu
Published: February 2025

Driven by the immeasurable prospect of the applications in the reality on the organic semiconductors, scientists had devoted a lot of effort into exploring the properties and their influence factors of these new materials that differ the conducting polymers from the conventional polymers. To maximize the electrical performance of the conducting polymers for practical usage, specific methods of altering both the physical and chemical properties by adjustments of material structures were sorted out. This paper will summarise three different types of changes that can be made to tune the properties for our real needs in two divided perspectives – structural modifications within and out of the molecules of the conducting materials, which are increasing the conjugation length, reducing the band gap, and doping respectively. Among which, the reduction of the band gap can be realized in six different more specific aspects: bond-length alternation, esonance energy, planarity of the conjugated structure, substituents effects, intermolecular interactions, donor-acceptor structure.
Thoughts and Suggestions on the Development of Coal Industry Association Standards
Authors: Qian Xu , Zhang Hongkui
Published: February 2025

based on the analysis of the mine intelligent development based on requirements and association standards, this paper introduces the domestic and foreign associations’ standards development and the status quo, put forward the orientation precision, to strengthen the construction of informatization, good standard quality and speed relations, fully arouse the enthusiasm of enterprises, to deal with advanced and universal relations 5 coal industry standard development.
Sensory, Color, Reaction Rate, and Volatile Flavor Components of Maillard Reaction Products From Oyster Protein Hydrolysates with Different Degree of Hydrolysis
Authors: Haixia Tang , Yuni Huang , Yijun LIN , Xueren Chen , Jiayun Li , Huiyi Peng , Zhao Yang
Published: February 2025

To investigate the effects of different degree of hydrolysis on the sensory, color, reaction rate, and volatile flavor components of the Maillard reaction products in oyster enzymatic hydrolysate(OEH), oyster enzymatic hydrolysate was used as an amino acid source and reacted with 8% glucose at 110℃ for Maillard reaction. The results showed that the MRPs produced by OEH at 110℃ for 3h had the highest sensory score of 15 points and the best flavor. The color difference L* value of OHM3 was 41.26, the a* value was 3.26, and the b* value was 8.62. The absorption value of A294 was 0.785, and that of A420 was 0.486. A total of 40 components were identified from the Maillard reaction products of oyster enzymolysis solution by SPME-GC-MS. OHM3 showed shellfish flavor, meat flavor, and seafood flavor, and some pyrazines were produced, which gave it some nut-meat flavor. At a fixed temperature of 110℃, the Maillard reaction produced by OEH for 3h had good meat flavor. The Maillard reaction can effectively improve the flavor of oyster enzymatic hydrolysis products, provide a theoretical basis for the study of oyster enzymatic hydrolysis solutions to remove smell and enhance flavor, and have a good application prospect in the development of new oyster condiments.
The Application and Progress of the Combination of Energy Technology and Bioelectronics in Wearable and Medical Fields
Authors: Feng Qianli , Jia Mengyi , Lei Yiming
Published: February 2025

The combination of energy technology and bioelectronics can be said to be the most innovative and cutting-edge technology today. Enhance the versatility and sustainability of bioelectronic devices. This fusion technology can capture and collect energy directly from living organisms, the environment, and convert it into electricity. This technology focuses on the development of self-powered devices for health detection, implantable and therapeutic applications, and has a wide range of applications in wearable, medical and other fields. It is because of this technology that people reduce the reliance on battery power generation, some wearable, medical devices can operate continuously without frequent charging. The effective use and development of some new energy sources, such as solar energy, wind energy and bioenergy, has also greatly reduced the utilization rate of fossil fuels and reduced environmental pollution. This article will list three kinds of energy-based wearable technologies, namely solar, mechanical and bioenergy wearable technologies, focusing on their working principles, materials and applications. The combination of energy technology and bioelectronics has led to breakthrough developments in various fields.
Advanced Progress of Nano-Based Delivery System for Bioimaging
Authors: Zhang Zeyu
Published: February 2025

Nanotechnology has been developing with the development of technology and has made great progress especially in the field of the development of biomedical engineering nanoparticles. Biological imaging plays an important role in medical research. Through biological imaging technology, researchers can intuitively observe the structural and functional changes of organisms at the microscopic level, so as to understand the mechanism of life activities. However, the current biological imaging technology, especially the traditional radioactive material imaging method, has problems such as potential safety hazards and poor imaging effect, which limits its wide application in clinical and scientific research. To address these challenges, research has turned to the field of nanotechnology to explore its potential advantages in bioimaging. Nanotechnology has unique physical and chemical properties. Nano-based bioimaging methods not only improve imaging resolution and sensitivity but also enhance biocompatibility and reduce potential hazards to organisms. This article details the application of various types of nanotechnology, such as liposomes, nanoparticles, and quantum dots, in biological imaging and the remarkable results achieved. These nano-imaging technologies not only realize the fine imaging of cells, tissues and even the whole organism, but also provide strong support for early diagnosis and precision treatment of diseases. This review introduces the applications and effects of different types of nanotechnology in bioimaging, explores the challenges and prospects of nanotechnology in bioimaging, and reveals the current development of bioimaging technology based on nanotechnology.
Exploring the Realm of Automated Music Composition with Models based on Transformer and its Variants
Authors: Zhu Shuanglong
Published: February 2025

The Transformer architecture and its modelling variants have great potential in the music domain. Traditional approaches, such as rule-based systems and RNNs, have limitations in capturing the complex temporal dependencies and hierarchical structures inherent in music. With the introduction of its self-concern mechanism, the Transformer can effectively address this problem by capturing remote dependencies and allowing parallel processing of sequences. Transformer-based model variants such as Music Transformers, MuseNet and Jukebox have demonstrated that they can generate high-quality, varied, and stylistically rich compositions. Despite the success of these models, some challenges still need to be solved, such as high computational requirements and limited control over musical style and emotion. Possible future research directions include optimizing computational efficiency, enhancing stylistic and emotional control, and developing hybrid models that combine other models with Transformer. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and potential and future applications of Transformer for music generation.
Design of a Safety Assessment System for Explosion-Proof Equipment in Coal Mines
Authors: Yang Huasong , Zhang Hongkui
Published: February 2025

Safety assessment is a crucial guarantee for the reliable operation of explosion-proof equipment in coal mines, as well as an important method for predicting the lifespan of such equipment. Based on an analysis of the safety production situation in coal mines and the significance of safety assessments for explosion-proof equipment, this paper proposes a relative wear method for safety assessment technology of switches used in explosion-proof equipment to enhance the safety of switches in coal mine explosion-proof equipment and provide a reference for the development of condition prediction technology for such equipment.
High-Entropy Materials for Aerospace Applications: A Path to Enhanced Performance
Authors: Chen Xuxiao
Published: February 2025

With the thriving of aerospace engineering, human beings are pursuing materials with higher standard properties that could be applied in this certain field. High-entropy materials (HEMs) are known for their special qualities that make them perfect for use in aircraft. The main topics of this study include fatigue resistance, fracture toughness, and severe lattice distortion. It also investigates the basic principles underlying these improved mechanical properties of HEMs. Because of these characteristics, HEMs can function in harsh situations with high temperatures, mechanical stress, and corrosive substances. The study focuses on particular aerospace applications where HEMs perform better than conventional alloys in terms of strength, hardness, and durability. These applications include turbine blades, structural parts, and thermal protection systems for re-entry vehicles. Furthermore, HEMs are especially well-suited for high-temperature applications in jet engines and spacecraft due to their inherent oxidation and creep resistance. Notwithstanding the benefits, scaling up production for industrial applications still presents difficulties. Ongoing research in alloy design and additive manufacturing holds promise for overcoming these barriers, paving the way for HEMs to play a crucial role in the future of aerospace technology.