bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Problem premii forward na rynku walutowym – analiza teoretyczna z zastosowaniem eksperymentu Monte Carlo
Authors: Raczko Marek
Published: January 2024

The article deals with Forward Premium Puzzle. The first part of the paper describes the current state of the art. The main focus of the article is the difference in the estimates of two regressions: the level regression and the forward premium one. The article shows that the opposite estimate of the parameter in two regressions may be caused by unobservable stationary variable representing jointly non-rational expectations forecast errors and risk premia. Series of Monte Carlo experiments present that “level” regression of spot – forward relationship and forward premium regression under presence of unobservable variable may yield estimates suggesting different inference. The level regression shows that forward is a proper predictor of future spot exchange rate and the forward premium regression shows that future exchange rate change will move opposite to the direction suggested by the forward premium. Moreover Monte Carlo experiments suggest that the unobservable variable must be persistent and should also represent a certain level of variability. The properties of unobservable variable may be used in future to match the theoretical values coming from different economic models.
Markov Switching SV Processes in Modelling Volatility of Financial Time Series
Authors: Kwiatkowski Łukasz
Published: January 2024

This paper presents a Markov Switching Stochastic Volatility model (MSSV) as a specification of potential use in financial econometrics. The model may be viewed as a specific generalization of a wellknown SV construction, that allows the parameters of the conditional volatility equation to switch between a predetermined number of states (regimes). The switching mechanism is driven by a homogenous discrete Markov chain. Without significant loss of generality we restrict our analysis to two regimes only. Then we concentrate on the estimation procedure of a MSSV model, based on the Quasi-Maximum Likelihood approach presented by Smith in [18]. In order to calculate the quasi-log-likelihood function we consider a linear state-space representation of the MSSV model and employ a combination of the Kalman filter and Hamilton’s filter procedures. Finally, four MSSV models and a standard SV model are estimated and compared in terms of goodness of fit to the 1-month WIBOR interest rates.
Estymacja miernika efektywności technicznej w ramach metody DEA
Authors: Pajor Anna , Prędki Artur
Published: January 2024

In the paper we present the proposition of the description of uncertainty related to the technical efficiency measure received using the DEA method. A nonparametric, statistical model functioning within the DEA method is introduced and the DEA estimator of the technical efficiency measure is defined. For a single input – single output variable case, the value of the technical efficiency measure and frontier production function are related. Thus a corresponding DEA frontier estimator for a given point is defined. Next, forms of the asymptotic distributions of the DEA estimators are presented. It allowed us to derive the asymptotic bias and variance of the DEA estimator and to construct asymptotic confidence intervals. In the last part, finite sample performance of the DEA estimator is investigated via a simulation study. We also illustrate the DEA estimation procedure using real data, which come from the Polish Energy Sector.
The Discrete Location Problem for a Chain of Homogeneous Facilities
Authors: Gaspars-Wieloch Helena
Published: January 2024

The beginning of the article is devoted to a review of different location problems discussed in the literature. In the main part of this contribution the author presents and compares three discrete optimization models that may be useful for decision-makers considering the construction and activation of a chain of homogeneous facilities belonging to one proprietor. The models goal is to maximize his or her total profit and not the gain of each facility separately. The author shows the connection of the first model with the resources allocation problem. The influence of the distance between facilities on their territory served is emphasized particularly in the second and thirdapproach. The last model is partially based on Lösch’s and Voronoi’s principles.
Kryteria wyboru liczby skupień w binarnym modelu klas ukrytych – analiza symulacyjna
Authors: Kapłon Robert
Published: January 2024

When using latent class analysis the number of clusters need to be known in advance. In order to decide on this, one can use information criteria. In such a case selection procedure is as follows: estimating a few models with different number of classes, computing information criteria and choosing a model for which a criterion takes the smallest value. Because there are many information criteria one need to determine which of them ought to be decisive. Unfortunately, by virtue of the differences among these criteria, their reliability alter depending on model class. Simulations confirm it as well. Taking into account the fact that simulations mainly concern finite mixtures of normal density functions, therefore in this paper we broaden research to latent class analysis.
Bayesowska estymacja modelu lokalnego poziomu o rozkładach dopuszczających warunkowy rozkład t-Studenta i zmienną wariancję
Authors: Kwiatkowski Jacek
Published: January 2024

The paper presents the general LL (Local Level) model with time-varying conditional variance, recently proposed by Stock and Watson. The main purpose is to present the Bayesian estimation and model comparison of different local level models with Normal GARCH, Student-t GARCH and SV disturbances. We are particularly interested how the different specifications of the conditional variance affect the explanatory power of a set of competing models. We apply the LL models to logarithmic transformations of the original prices of Żywiec, Polish company listed on the WSE. The model selection and posterior estimates provide strong evidence in favor of a model with SV disturbances in the core component, and the transitory component.
Wykorzystanie modelowania panelowego do analizy wpływu wartości i struktury bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych na handel zagraniczny Polski
Authors: Salamaga Marcin
Published: January 2024

The main purpose of the article is an application of the panel data model inspired by the gravitational model to investigate the influence of foreign direct investments (FDI) on foreign trade in Poland. In the research there are used data about foreign direct investment, export and import in manufacturing industries in 2000-2007. For estimation of the gravitational model there used fixed-effect estimator and random effect estimator. Individual effect values enable a detailed analysis of the relationship between Polish foreign trade and FDI inflows by industry.
Równowagi na rynkach z dwustronnymi preferencjami
Authors: Świtalski Zbigniew
Published: January 2024

In the paper we have introduced a concept of market equilibrium in the model of market with twosided preferences (the model is based on the well-known Gale-Shapley model of college admissions from 1962). We have investigated relationships between our concept of equilibrium and the concept of stable matching as defined by Gale and Shapley.
Synergistic Extraction of Erbium(III) by n-Octyl Phenyl Phosphinic Acid (OPPA) with Oxine and 2-Methyl Oxine in Different Diluents
Authors: Roy Sutanuka , Anitha M. , Syed Rajak , Basuand Sukalyan , Singh D. K.
Published: January 2024

The synergistic extraction of erbium (III) was investigated using n-octyl phenyl phosphinic acid (OPPA) in combination with oxine and 2-methyl oxine in different diluents. The extraction efficiencies of these synergistic extractants for erbium were measured as a function of extractant concentration, pH, temperature and diluents. The composition of extracted species determined by slope analysis method indicates the formation of [Er(HA2)3(HOX)]org complex and was also confirmed by Infrared spectroscopy. Based on the experimental data, the values of the equilibrium constants as well as synergistic coefficients have been calculated. Both the donors (oxine/2-methyl oxines) exhibited almost similar synergistic effect with OPPA. The extraction of erbium with these solvents was exothermic in nature. Diluent dependency on synergism for OPPA-oxine/2-methyl oxine system was explained in terms of regular solution theory of Hildebrand. Experimentally determined solubility parameter of ternary adduct was correlated with theoretically obtained values.
Exploring Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras for the Essence of Happiness: A Holistic Approach
Authors: Sarkar Sanjoy , Bhowmik Sanjib Kumar , Yumkhaibam Ahsan Huda
Published: January 2024

The pursuit of happiness has become increasingly elusive in the modern world, despite advancements in technology and access to various comforts. This abstract explores the reasons behind the growing unhappiness and the teachings of Patanjali Yoga Sutra as a means to attain happiness. The current generation is burdened by busy lifestyles, excessive workloads, materialistic desires, and imbalanced life style, leading to heightened stress levels and broken relationships. The root cause of unhappiness lies in restless desires and the fear of an uncertain future. Happiness is a state of mind, and it cannot be achieved through external material possessions. Pleasure, on the other hand, is the gratification of sensual desires and provides temporary satisfaction. The practice of yoga, as described in Patanjali Yoga Sutras, offers guidelines for happiness by transforming negativity into positivity and promoting physical, mental, and spiritual development. By integrating Patanjali’s principles into daily life, an individual can experience positive transformation and attain happiness.
Rethinking the Role of Institutions in Water Resource Governance in Tanzania: What is Still Missing?
Authors: Bulengela Gideon
Published: January 2024

The question of how the government would ensure water supply for its people while protecting the environment remains a challenging endeavour. Emerging water resource management challenges have driven governments to reform governance policies. This includes the introduction of formal institutions of water management. Additionally, the Tanzanian government adopted Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) frameworks. However, evidence indicates that establishing formal institutions (which replaced the informal ones) has achieved little in improving water supply and ensuring sustainable water management. This study asks what is still needed to achieve sustainable water management in Tanzania. Using a systematic literature review, the study examined the experience of water resources management in Tanzania, particularly the formal institutions. The study found that formal institutions have been unable to ensure sustainable water resources management; they have weakened the informal institutions and attracted water conflicts. The study calls for considering and integrating the informal institutions (that have been serving communities for generations) in water resources management initiatives.
19 Clustering Techniques
Authors: Nambissan Aishwarya ,   Amir Aryani
Published: January 2024

A brief overview of different types of clustering techniques and their algorithms. Authors Aishwarya Nambissan (ORCID: 0009-0003-3823-6609) Amir Aryani (ORCID: 0000-0002-4259-9774)

Background

Clustering is a fascinating technique used in machine learning, where patterns or data points are grouped based on their similarities. It’s like finding hidden connections among different data points without predefined labels.
Significance of age and gender diversity in auditors and clients decisions: Case study of Serbia
Authors: Knežević Goranka , Pavlović Vladan , Bojičić Radica
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This paper highlights that the age and gender of the client board matters when deciding about the type of auditing company to do the audit and the type of opinion they get from the auditor. Design/Methodology: We took secondary data from audit reports issued to private and public corporations containing qualified, disclaimer, and adverse opinions and derived certain conclusions about the possible age and gender board member influence on those decisions. The research methodology was based on descriptive statistics and data correlation analysis. The sample consists of 62 companies' audit reports with qualified opinions. Findings: Board members in their golden age and women as board members are better negotiators than other age and gender groups in this context. Originality: When the board is dominated or has an older female, it will rather engage in contracts with the local audit companies. On the other hand, a board dominated by younger male members engaging with local audit companies, when a qualifying opinion is given. The results do not confirm the research questions because the age and gender of the board members have mixed effects when choosing the audit company and the decision to be made.
Economic aspects of fruit production in Serbia on the example of apple orchards
Authors: Kljajić Nataša , Paraušić Vesna , Vuković Predrag
Published: January 2024

Apple is one of the most important fruits in the world and in Europe. In the Republic of Serbia, it is grown on 27,034 ha of agricultural land and, judging by this criterion, is in second place, right behind plum. The paper analyzes the production of Golden Delicious apple cultivar on a family farm in the region of Šumadija and Western Serbia, on an area of 1 ha, with a 3.2 x 0.8 m planting distance. The apple crop is in full bloom, with all agrotechnical measures necessary for proper cultivation applied in production, including irrigation. The recorded production value is from the yield of 45.0 t/ha of apples. Total variable costs amount to RSD 687,445.00/ha or EUR 5,864.83/ha. Ratio of total costs and income from apple production in 2022 gives a contribution margin of RSD 1,337,555.00/ ha or €11,411.15/ha, i.e. RSD 29.72/kg or €0.25/kg, at apple selling price of 45 din/kg, i.e. 0.38 €/kg. The efficiency of apple production is 2.95. Results point to the conclusion that apple production can be profitable and that it is a moderately risky production line.
Safety of young people in traffic: Attitudes and behaviours
Authors: Dragić Tamara
Published: January 2024

Along with the development of civilization, there is also an accelerated development of traffic, which, unfortunately, is not accompanied by the development of human consciousness to the required extent. This disproportion has led to an increase in the problem of traffic safety itself. This problem is faced by all countries in the world, from developed to underdeveloped countries. In order to find a solution to any problem, including traffic safety, it is necessary to define the existing, current situation through quality monitoring. The general state of traffic safety can be defined by the current state and trend of traffic safety indicators. Measurements in traffic safety are also important for determining the effects of implementing measures. Namely, by measuring, or determining the value of one or more traffic safety indicators, before and after the implementation of the measures, it is possible to determine the effects of those measures on the improvement of traffic safety.
Media literacy in the digital environment: The importance of digital media
Authors: Milenković Vesna
Published: January 2024

Developing the ability and different skills of using the media are important in forming a critical approach to media content, but also in strengthening the ability to use the media to create and distribute messages. This is especially true for the young net generation due to their proper information and active involvement in social, political, cultural life in line with global challenges in the age of the media. In the modern, networked world, it is difficult to survive without using the achievements of information and communication technologies. The issue of media pedagogy is one of the most important challenges of the modern education system. In recent years, the positive influence of digital games has been observed in this area. Using the descriptive-explanatory method and the method of theoretical analysis, the paper examines the importance of digital media in the context of raising the media literacy of young generations in the digital world. It is concluded that information and communication technologies as a new concept in education in combination with traditional learning enables the formation of new choices and decisions in the process of mastering media literacy.
An overview of the activities of architect Branko Tanazević (1876-1948) in Belgrade
Authors: Andrić Dunja
Published: January 2024

Branko Tanazević (1876-1948) was a renowned Serbian architect active during the first half of the 20th century. The professional public recognized him as a great erudite and authority in his field of activity, thanks to his enviable skill, quality education and knowledgeable, carefully considered approach. He left behind dozens of works imbued with refined aesthetics and a high artistic scope. As a consequence of both the brevity of this work and the fact that Tanazević's approach to his creations deserves a thorough monographic analysis, it became obvious that some typological, chronological, topographical or other limitations needed to be applied. Therefore, the core goal of the study is to shed light on Tanazević's Belgrade oeuvre. This allows a broader view of individual artistic logic, education, imaginative potential and evolutionary process applied by the architect on a micro level, since some of his most significant works were created in the city. In addition to the professed aim of describing and analyzing his main accomplishments, the idea of this paper is to approach the subject of research from different perspectives, in an attempt to appreciate and study numerous interrelated layers and elements, in order to explain, in parallel at the macro level, Tanazević's position and importance in the discourse of the recent history of Serbian architecture and its characteristics and phenomena.
A contribution to the study of the construction of the National Theatre in Belgrade in the 19th century
Authors: Pokrajac Marija
Published: January 2024

At a time when Belgrade began to regenerate itself after centuries of Ottoman rule, a desire to create national symbols that would restore faith and identity to the tortured Serbian people began to be expressed. The mechanisms by which the state sought to demonstrate its power were often based in the arts. Building a national theatre was one of the most successful - but at the same time one of the most difficult - ways by which to restore the national and patriotic spirit. On the other hand, it was also a means by which to adopt a path of Europeanization, one that the Principality of Serbia took up with much zeal. The aim of this work is to draw attention to the construction of a National Theatre in Belgrade in the 19th century, an undertaking that faced insurmountable challenges. From the study of newspaper sources, among others, new sources of information were obtained in relation to the establishment of the National Theatre. However, these sources also allowed us to reach the conclusion that the construction of the National Theatre in Belgrade in the 19th century led not only to the creation of the first national symbol, but also to a pioneering structure in terms of the dawning of Academicism within Serbian architecture.
Different types of knowledge about length measurement in mathematics textbooks for the first cycle of primary education
Authors: Đokić Olivera , Spasić Kristina
Published: January 2024

Textbook content strongly shapes instructionand what teachers do during educationand instruction. Research shows that measurement tasks in textbooks are procedural in the first cycle of primary education and that little attention is paid to conceptual understanding of measurement, which can limit measurement procedures. Therefore, we analyzed the current mathematics textbooks that have been approved and are used in schools in Serbia in order to observe tendencies in them as opportunities for learning about measuring length, since the biggest changes in the curricula for the first cycle of primary education occurred in the domain of measuring. The goal of the research is to examine the extent to which requirements/tasks orientated to two types of knowledge  conceptual and procedural  are represented in mathematics textbooks for the domain of measurement and the concept of length. The descriptive method and content analysis technique were applied in the paper. Based on the research of students" achievement for conceptual understanding and procedural knowledge of measuring length, area and volume (Tan Şişman, 2010), we formed a list of indicators that indicate learning opportunities in mathematics textbooks for the aforementioned different types of knowledge about measuring length that are presented to students of the first three grades of primary school. The basic results of the research show that in textbooks for the first grade, length measurement tasks orientated to conceptual understanding dominate, while in the textbooks for the second and third grades, there is a significantly greater presence of those tasks orientated to procedural knowledge. We highlight an interesting research result for textbooks for the third grade from different textbook publishers with smaller differences in the frequency of the presence of tasks focused on conceptual understanding and procedural knowledge compared to the larger difference between the two types of knowledge in the first two grades.
Student-teacher interaction
Authors: Zukorlić Mirsada , Pavlović Slobodan
Published: January 2024

The paper presents the results of a theoretical analysis of pedagogical work in school as an interactive process. An important aspect of interaction is that it is a process in which one individual influences the behavior of another. In pedagogical communication, such influences are more pronounced and are directed towards the development of personality, with the ties between the subjects of the educational process being solid and strong. That is why education is defined as a kind of interaction between teachers and students. The paper discusses the implications of certain aspects of interaction - teaching, leadership or support for student autonomy and socio-emotional relationships - for the teaching outcomes. Accordingly, emphasis is placed on the conditions which need to be provided in order for the highest level of interaction to be achieved between the main actors in the teaching process - students and teachers.
Estrategias Integradas en los trámites documentarios para mejorar los procesos en las Universidades Públicas del Perú
Authors: Bobadilla Quinteros José Luis , Rodriguez Figueroa José Jorge , Gensollen Queens Anthony , Seminario Carbonel Jorge Luis
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio se enfoca en analizar y sugerir mejoras para los procesos administrativos de las universidades públicas en Perú, con un énfasis particular en la gestión documental. El objetivo central es integrar métodos que incrementen la eficiencia, modernicen los procesos y cumplan satisfactoriamente con las necesidades de la comunidad universitaria. En términos metodológicos, la investigación adoptó un enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo-explicativo, fundamentado en la teoría. Se realizó un análisis profundo de la literatura disponible en bases de datos y repositorios digitales reconocidos, incluyendo revisiones documentales, entrevistas, encuestas de campo y un análisis detallado de las estadísticas administrativas. Entre los hallazgos principales, se destaca la importancia de la administración por procesos, considerada esencial para un uso eficiente de los recursos y una supervisión efectiva de la calidad. Las conclusiones del estudio indican la necesidad imperiosa de implementar la automatización efectiva y la tecnología digital en la gestión de trámites documentarios. Se subraya la importancia de un análisis continuo, mejoras y capacitación experta en los procesos estratégicos de tramitación documental, así como un monitoreo eficaz para satisfacer las expectativas de la comunidad universitaria. Además, se resalta la relevancia de la gestión del conocimiento, apoyada en la teoría de la prospectiva, como un factor clave en la mejora de la gestión documental.
Textos digitales para la comprensión lectora en estudiantes de zona rural peruana
Authors: Ascencio Gonzáles Judith Petronila , Ascencio Gonzáles Joel Alberto , Quintana Pizarro Yesenia Mercedes , Gonzáles Soto Víctor Augusto
Published: January 2024

El presente estudio surge como respuesta a los problemas de comprensión lectora que enfrentan los estudiantes en una institución educativa rural del nivel secundario. La problemática se refleja en los bajos niveles de logro obtenidos en evaluaciones nacionales en comparación con puntajes de otros contextos. El objetivo de la investigación es proponer un modelo del uso de textos digitales en las habilidades de comprensión lectora de estudiantes en sus diferentes niveles de lectura. Está basado en un enfoque cuantitativo y los datos obtenidos se expresan numéricamente y se someten a análisis estadísticos. La investigación tiene un diseño descriptivo propositivo, con grupo control conformado por 38 estudiantes del nivel secundario del área rural. Los resultados muestran la incidencia de la aplicación de textos digitales a los estudiantes del grupo control, evidenciando que aquellos mejoran su comprensión lectora con mayor significatividad en el nivel inferencial, a diferencia de quienes usan textos impresos. En cambio, en el nivel literal los resultados se muestran indiferentes. Después de implementar la estrategia, se concluye que los estudiantes que utilizan textos digitales obtuvieron un desempeño favorable, mientras que los estudiantes que continúan el uso de textos impresos obtuvieron un desempeño básico.
Construction Equipment And Machinery
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering,  University College of Engineering Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu, India., Sujatha Dr. S. Judes , Raj Mrs. P.V. Reshma ,   Department of Civil Engineering, PET Engineering College, Valliyur, Tamil Nadu, India., Daniel Mr. V. Ruban ,   Department of Civil Engineering, PET Engineering College, Valliyur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2024

Students will get a better understanding of the many pieces of construction machinery and tools used in the industry, as well as the many facets of managing this machinery, via this book. This book will help construction engineers learn everything they need to know about the many pieces of contemporary construction equipment, including how they operate, where to put them, how to maintain them, and how to maximise their productivity.
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Balaji Institute of Technology & Management (BITM), Sri Balaji University, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Patil Dr. Harshal , Kulkarni Dr. Shreeprasad ,   Balaji Institute of Technology & Management (BITM), Sri Balaji University, Pune, Maharashtra, India., Sah Dr. Swati ,   Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: January 2024

It has taken over 80% of product management (PM) hopefuls over a year to understand the various PM duties and responsibilities, and over 60% over six months to grasp the PM’s core principles. Approximately 50% of current PMs have taken over a year to become familiar with these duties and responsibilities. To ensure that you master the fundamentals of product management, this book provides a methodical framework based on real-world examples and tried-and-true techniques. Those with backgrounds in engineering, project management, sales, marketing, or customer service may use the steps outlined in this book to make the leap into product management.
Editorial
Authors: Cifone Michael
Published: January 2024

Dr. Cifone’s inaugural editorial discusses the reasoning behind the journal, why it is needed, and the challenge to define “UAP Studies” going forward.
Comparison of CT and MR Imaging of Cystic Renal Masses by Using the Bosniak Classiﬁcation System
Authors: Daneshvar Keivan , Huber Johannes , Bosbach Wolfram Andreas , Mertineit Nando , Nöldge Gerd
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To compare the eﬃcacy of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating cystic renal masses using the Bosniak classiﬁcation system. Materials and Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2020, a total of 844 patients with suspected renal masses underwent total or partial nephrectomy at the Department of Urology, Heidelberg University Clinic. Among them, 123 patients presented with cystic renal masses. Out of this cohort, 15 patients underwent preoperative examinations using both MRI and CT within a 6-week timeframe. These examinations were retrospectively analyzed by two radiologists employing the Bosniak classiﬁcation system. Each lesion was assessed based on CT images for lesion localization, volume, number, and thickness of septa/wall, calciﬁcation, presence of enhancing soft-tissue components, and lesion density. Pathologic correlation was available for all lesions. Results: Out of the 844 patients, 15 underwent both CT and MR imaging examinations (male-to-female ratio: 2.75, age range: 43-75 years; mean age: 60.5 years). Based on CT images, there were one category I, one category II, three category IIF, three category III, and seven category IV lesions. Findings based on CT and MR images were concordant in eleven (73.3%) renal lesions, while in 4 (26.7%) masses, diﬀerences were observed. In three (20%) cases, MR imaging revealed more septa/wall than CT, resulting in an upgrade of the classiﬁcation at MR imaging. In one (6.7%) lesion, MR imaging showed no wall and/or septa thickness compared with CT, leading to a classiﬁcation downgrade. MR imaging results led to a cyst classiﬁcation upgrade in three masses (from category II to III, n=1; IIF to III, n=2) and downgrade in one lesion (from category IIF to II). Pathologically, 11 lesions (73.3%) were malignant (9 Cystic Clear cell carcinoma and 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma), while 4 lesions were renal cysts without malignancy. Conclusion: The majority of ﬁndings from both CT and MR imaging were similar in suspected cystic renal masses. MR imaging demonstrated additional septa/wall or septa/wall thickening, potentially upgrading lesions from borderline category IIF to III compared to CT. This distinction may contribute to improved case management.
Funktionen eines Parteiverbotes
Authors: Nettesheim Martin
Published: January 2024

Das Parteiverbotsverfahren konfrontiert die Mitglieder der politischen Gemeinschaft mit der Frage, wo sie die Grenzen des politischen Raums ziehen wollen. Es verlangt eine Entscheidung der Frage, welche politischen Ziele, Werte und Forderungen im politischen Raum – in organisierter Form und mit dem Ziel einer Repräsentation im Parlament – vertreten werden dürfen und welche jenseits einer Tabugrenze liegen. In diesem Beitrag soll die These begründet werden, dass das Gericht den Verbotsmaßstab für ein Parteiverbot 2017 in problematischer Weise reformuliert und dem Anliegen des Art. 21 Abs. 2 GG damit möglicherweise mehr Schaden als Nutzen zugefügt hat.
Keine Blockade, sondern eine Frage der Kompetenz
Authors: Hörnle Tatjana
Published: January 2024

Ein „Offener Brief“ an den Bundesjustizminister vom 29. Januar, den „über 100 namhafte Frauen aus Politik, Kultur und Wirtschaft“ unterzeichnet haben, fordert diesen auf, seine „Blockade-Haltung“ gegenüber einem Vorhaben der Europäischen Kommission aufzugeben. Die Kommission setzt sich für eine Richtlinie ein, die der Bekämpfung von Gewalt gegen Frauen und häuslicher Gewalt dienen soll. Unter anderem ist eine Vereinheitlichung im Sexualstrafrecht vorgesehen, nämlich beim Tatbestand der Vergewaltigung (Art. 5). Die zentrale Frage ist, inwieweit die Gestaltung von Strafrecht in die Kompetenz der EU fällt. Die Verfasserinnen des „Offenen Briefs“ scheinen davon auszugehen, dass die EU alles könne und dürfe und nur der widerborstige Bundesjustizminister ein Hindernis sei. Die Rechtslage sieht anders aus.
Aplicación en campo de dos cepas de Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow), contra larvas de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) en maíz, en Pesquería, Nuevo León, México
Authors: Camacho-Ponce Diego , Sánchez-Peña Sergio
Published: January 2024

El maíz (Zea mays) L. ssp mays, se distribuye a lo largo del territorio mexicano (Mera y Mapes, 2009) y se le conoce como maíz cultivado. El maíz es uno de los cultivos más importantes del mundo y es la especie agrícola más diversa en México. Los hongos entomopatógenos juegan un papel muy importante en el control biológico de plagas debido a su forma de acción, su fácil aplicación y su capacidad de generar epizootias en condiciones de campo (Ignoffo, 1981; Alves, 1986). Se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio y de campo y se experimentó con distintos medios de cultivos para aislar el hongo. Posterior a la obtención de ambas cepas puras y aisladas, el primer procedimiento consistió en inocular larvas de tercer estadio que se obtuvieron de un pie de cría de laboratorio. La inoculación se realizó como aplicación tópica, con una suspensión liquida a una concentración de 107. Se colocaron 200 gramos de arroz en bolsas de plástico, las cuales se esterilizaron por 15 minutos en una autoclave a 121° C (15 libras de presión). El arroz se inoculó con 15 mL de suspensión de conidias y se dejó incubar a 25° C, durante dos semanas. Se estableció un diseño de bloques al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Cada unidad experimental estuvo conformada por cinco surcos. Para las aplicaciones de los tratamientos se consideraron veinte plantas consecutivas en línea por surco. En la fase de pruebas de laboratorio se compararon los diferentes medios: pda, pda+antibiotico, huevo-agar, soya-agar, y se obtuvo como mejor resultado el medio de soya-agar, dado que fue en el único que se registró esporulación, mientras que en PDA sólo hubo crecimiento de micelio, en tanto que en los medio restantes no hubo crecimiento. Los resultados de campo en las pruebas de germinación de las cepas, previas a la aplicación, se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: para n= 400 conidios, para NH03CT= 84% y para C3= 70% de germinación. En todos los tratamientos existieron diferencias altamente significativas para las variables mortalidad, micosados y daño en planta, por lo que se concluyó que las cepas utilizadas son una gran alternativa para el manejo de Spodoptera Frugiperda.
Respuesta productiva del zacate buffel cv. T-3686, a dos ambientes de suelo de un matorral de gobernadora (Larrea rridentata)
Authors: Rubio Aguirre F. A. , Reynaga Valdés J. R. , Díaz Solis H. , Morones Reza R.
Published: January 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la respuesta productiva del zacate buffel T-3686 a dos condiciones de ambiente de suelo, uno proveniente de la isla de fertilidad (IF) y otro del área adyacente (AA) de un matorral de gobernadora. Se colectó suelo de 0 a 10 y de 10 a 25 cm de profundidad en los dos tipos de ambiente, y a cada muestra se le realizó un análisis de propiedades físico-químicas. El suelo se depositó en bolsas de plástico, en las cuales se sembró el pasto. La respuesta productiva del pasto buffel a nivel de invernadero durante tres etapas fenológicas (ahijamiento, excersión y madurez fisiológica) mostró que el peso total de la fitomasa y de los componentes morfológicos del rendimiento, resultaron diferentes solamente en la etapa de madurez fisiológica, a excepción del peso de la raíz, el cual fue igual entre la IF y el AA durante las tres etapas estudiadas. Por su parte, el peso de cariópsides fue mayor en las plantas desarrolladas en la IF. El número de vástagos principales fue igual entre ambos ambientes de suelo, mientras que el número de vástagos laterales y hojas verdes fueron mucho mayores en el ambiente de la isla. Las mejores condiciones físico-químicas encontradas en el suelo proveniente de la IF se reflejaron, de manera directa, en un mayor rendimiento productivo de los diferentes componentes morfológicos del pasto buffel T-3686, principalmente durante la etapa de madurez fisiológica.
Análisis línea x probador: estrategia para selección de progenitores de alto rendimiento en chile jalapeño (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: García Sandoval José Ángel , Martínez Zambrano Gaspar , Lujan Favela Manuel , Ramírez Meraz Moisés
Published: January 2024

Los acuerdos de comercio internacional que tiene México han propiciado importantes cambios en la tendencia del mercado de productos agrícolas y, en cultivos como el chile jalapeño, su efecto es en los estándares de la calidad del fruto, las que a su vez han exhibido el rezago en la generación de genotipos competitivos en productividad y calidad, lo que constituye el principal problema a resolver del mejoramiento de chile. Por lo anterior, los objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) Determinar el tipo de acción génica del rendimiento en un grupo de progenitores de chile jalapeño para definir y eficientar su aprovechamiento en el mejoramiento, y b) detectar las mejores líneas y probadores en base a ACG así como las mejores cruzas en base a ACE y heterosis para la formación de variedades de polinización libre o híbridos de chile jalapeño. Las 40 líneas se cruzaron con 3 probadores en forma manual, logrando formar 120 mestizos en total. La evaluación se llevó a cabo durante los ciclos agrícola primavera-verano 2004 y 2005 en los campos experimentales CEDEL en Delicias, Chih., México y el CESTAM en Tampico, Tamps., México. La parcela experimental consistió de una hilera de plantas de 3 m de largo y una distancia de 30 cm entre planta y planta, distribuidas en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Los efectos genéticos se estimaron utilizando el diseño Línea x Probador. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el rendimiento del chile jalapeño está mayormente influenciado por efectos aditivos de los genes. Se observó comportamiento diferencial entre las líneas, los probadores y los mestizos con respecto a los ambientes de prueba, teniendo mejor comportamiento en el ambiente templado de Delicias que en el ambiente tropical de Tampico, ya que la heterosis manifestada fue superior en un 76%. Los mejores mestizos para Delicias son 4x3, 10x3, 30x3 y 33x3 y para Tampico los 27x3, 28x3, 33x1, 35x1 y 38x1.
Triple Helix Model for Retrofitting Technical and Vocational Education Training in Transition to Green Economy in Tanzania
Authors:   Arusha Technical College, Moshi Godfrey G. , Lyimo Naisujaki S. , Mgaya Erick V.
Published: January 2024

Tripartite relationship between academia, industry and the government establishes the simplest and sustainable framework to address challenges in transition to green economy. This paper focus on application of Triple Helix Model to enable the transition to green economy in Tanzania. The aim is to analyze setup of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Tanzania and identify existing collaboration and gaps between the three parties. Strategies to bridge the gaps and strengthen the relation in order to achieve transition to green economy in the country are proposed. The study analyzes key processes for curricula development, training delivery, and industrial linkages in the three main technical institutions in the country: Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology (DIT), Arusha Technical College (ATC) and National Institute of Transport (NIT). Qualitative analysis of the three processes is carried out with the aim of assessing industry and government involvement. Best practices to be adopted in order to address the inevitable transition to green economy are identified. The study concludes that sustainable transition to green economy requires deliberate effort to forge triple helix collaboration between academia, industry and the government. TVET institutions stand at a better position to bridge the existing gaps and broken linkages. However, this requires TVET institutions to consolidate their training and set both long and short term strategies to be implemented with flexibility and some degree of divergence from the business as usual conduct. Monitoring and evaluation plan need to be set in order to continuously assess dynamics and forces affecting collaboration between the three parties.
Folosirea titlului turcesc de respect efendi în unele texte din epoca fanariotă
Authors:   Universitatea din București, România, Focșineanu Alina-Georgiana
Published: January 2024

The present article aimed to describe some particularities of the use of the Turkish title of respect effendi in some texts written in the Romanian language during the Phanariot rules, presented in detail in the doctoral thesis entitled Oriental Models in the Expression of Politeness in the Romanian Language During the Phanariot Rules, defended in November 2018 at the University of Bucharest.
In the above-mentioned paper, we discussed the use of the title of respect effendi in reference and reverential address in texts written during the Phanariot rules. Taking into consideration the limitations of historical pragmatics, which strictly obliges the use of written texts existing at the time, we noted that effendi, like other oriental titles of respect, such as bei or celebi, is more frequently used in reference than in address.
We highlighted that, undoubtedly, the use of the oriental pattern proper name+title of respect, the Turkish formulas İstanbul efendisi and devleti efenti, as well as the possessive structures efendin al Giurgiovului and pașa efendimiz, together with the graphic variation efendi-efenti from the Romanian language, the interpretation as an anthroponym in the form Afendulea, the common noun behavior (un efendi, acel efendi), the dislocation of the hybrid Turkish-Greek pattern bei-mu are clear evidence of the acceptance of some Oriental models in the Romanian politeness system from the Phanariot rules and indicate, in the legal and political-diplomatic context of that time, the recognition of Ottoman suzerainty.
Exode des cerveaux et traumas culturels dans Avalon : Les secrets des émigrants heureux par Bogdan Suceavă (I)
Authors:   Universitatea „Dunarea de Jos”, Galati, Roumanie, Iorga Alina
Published: January 2024

Despite its impact on the education, research and health system, Romanian brain drain is still neglected in both the political agendas and cultural debates. Furthermore, the theme is almost absent within contemporary literature starting with the writings anchored in the transition period, which is precisely that of the first significant waves of labor and high-skilled emigration, but also that of some major social and cultural traumas. In this context, Avalon: The Secrets of the Happy Émigrés (2018) by Bogdan Suceavă fill up a main cultural gap as far as it individualize the social-historical traumatic experience of brain exodus by means of an autobiographical narrative which offers at the same time a realistic image of the so called “happiness” of émigré scholars, comprising their big efforts for achieving the highest performances in their field of research. Revealing the differences between the American and Romanian academic systems, which are condensed in the illustrative story of the hero-narrator, Avalon… incorporates, as Bildungsroman, a “cultural pedagogy” shaped especially under the guiding of one of the leading mathematicians on the world, Professor Bang Yen-Chen, but which is also grounded into the significant previous formative experience. In the same time, Avalon… offers a lesson of cosmopolitanism, which integrates, by means of literary memory, the cultural values of the post-communist East, especially those of Romanian recent pasts. Our analysis of the novel is focused on the “cultural-pedagogical” dimension of its multilayered architecture, in which the intertwined autobiographical, historical, and sociological levels are mobilized for converting the personal and collective traumas in a project of identity revision and rebuilding.
In or Out of Tune? Nonlinguistic Presuppositions in the Translation of Musicology Texts
Authors:   “George Enescu” National University of the Arts Iași, Romania, Misievici Cristina
Published: January 2024

Nonlinguistic presuppositions are undoubtedly a problematic factor in translation (Nord 2005, Fawcett 1997, 1998, Dimitriu 2005). In the case of musicology texts, they occur at both micro- and macro-levels (Dimitriu 2005), ranging from specialised lexis to quotations, allusions or references. The translator must be able to identify, decode and decide how (or whether) to relay these presuppositions to the target readers in agreement with the translation brief (Nord 2005, 2008, 2014) and the target text skopos (Reiss and Vermeer 2014, Vermeer 2000). The failure to do so will result in mistranslation, and may also generate unwarranted (or inappropriate) inferences.
Comparison between Different Anticoagulants such as Sodium Citrate, EDTA, and Lithium Heparin among Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Test
Authors: Naser Al Deen Ameer , Shareef Malek , Al Ashi Motaz , Abo Armilh Omar , Attili Rozan , Jaber Waed
Published: January 2024

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Test (ESR), is one of the major laboratory tests used in diagnostic labs. This study compares and determines the ESR results obtained when using various anticoagulants that might clearly affect the ESR values for both male and female. 100 whole blood samples were collected from the volunteers in Hebron during the time from February 2023 until March 2023. 10 cc of whole blood collected from participants was divided into five different anticoagulants containing tubes The results of the study revealed that there are differences in the ESR value upon each anticoagulant used. A variation between the ESR results values is shown in both male and female samples. Heparin and EDTA are anticoagulants which increase the ESR values in contrast to Sodium Citrate used in the standard method. The researchers concluded that Tri-Sodium Citrate is the best anticoagulant and diluent to be used in laboratories but not EDTA or Heparin.