bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Lespedeza cuneate in the treatment of streptozotocin-induced type-2 diabetes mellitus in ICR mice
Authors: Mariadoss Arokia Vijaya Anand , Park SeonJu , Saravanakumar Kandasamy , Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan , Wang Myeong-Hyeon
Published: October 2023

In the recent past, phytomolecules are exponentially applied in the discovery of anti-diabetic drug. The natural products derivatives associated anti-diabetic drugs are gaining an appeal in both developing and developed countries due to less adverse effects. This work screened the active solvent fraction of Lespedeza cuneate based on the phytochemical, enzyme inhibition, antioxidant properties. The antioxidant efficacy of the different fractions of the L. cuneate were appraised by DPPH, ABTS, ferric reducing power, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. The enzyme (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activity were measured. Phytochemical composition of Ethyl acetate fractions of L. cuneate (Lc-EAF) were studied by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The effect of Lc-EAF treatments in glucose uptake were studied in insulin resistance HepG2 cells (IR-HepG2). Further, the anti-diabetic effect of Lc-EAF in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mice were demonstrated. Ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol fractions of the L. cuneate showed a notable antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. Among the fractions, Lc-EAF found to be potent than the other fractions tested. The Lc-EAF exhibited the IC50 of 205.32 ± 23.47 µg/mL and 105.32 ± 13.93 µg/mL for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition respectively. Also, 75 µg/mL of Lc-EAF exposure were enhanced the 68.23% of glucose uptake in IR-HepG2 cells. In vivo study indicated that treatment Lc-EAF (100 mg/kg b.wt) maintained the blood glucose level through reduction of insulin level, while improved the lipid profile, hepatic, and renal markers. The present findings suggested that Lc-EAF could be considered a prominent source of isolation of molecules with antidiabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic and ROS-associated diseases control.
Social Hygiene in the USSR as a Scientific Discipline (1922-1930): German Influence, Zemstvo Experience and State Patronage
Authors: Кирик Ю.В. , Ратманов П.Э.
Published: October 2023

Работа посвящена процессу становления советской социальной гигиены как научной дисциплины в условиях социалистических преобразований и трансферу идей из Германии и дореволюционной России в СССР в 1920-е гг. Научной основой социальной гигиены в СССР стала немецкая социальная гигиена (понятие, область знаний, специальные научные методы) и методология земской медицины. Научная область знаний и методы исследования в советской социальной гигиене полностью отражали идеологию А. Гротьяна, основателя немецкой социальной гигиены. Это исследование показывает, что формирование социальной гигиены в СССР происходило под непосредственным воздействием органов государственной власти.

The work is devoted to the process of formation of Soviet social hygiene as a scientific discipline under conditions of socialist transformations and the transfer of ideas from the Weimar Republic and pre-revolutionary Russia to the USSR in the 1920s. The scientific basis of social hygiene in the USSR was German social hygiene (concept, field of knowledge, special scientific methods) and the methodology of Zemstvo medicine. The scientific field of knowledge and research methods in Soviet social hygiene fully reflected the ideology of A. Grotjahn, the founder of German social hygiene. This study shows that the formation of social hygiene in the USSR took place under the direct influence of the state authorities.
Russian Peasantry in the Conditions of National Mobilization of 1914-1916: Gender Aspect
Authors: Поршнева О.С.
Published: October 2023

В статье раскрываются особенности участия крестьянства в процессах национальной мобилизации в России в 1914–1916 гг. Показаны гендерно-дифференцированные реакции крестьян на вступление страны в войну и способы адаптации к военной повседневности, формы крестьянского участия в усилиях домашнего фронта. Проанализированы последствия изменения гендерной ситуации в связи с мобилизацией мужчин-домохозяев и новой социальной ролью солдатки, новые гендерные практики и отношение к ним крестьян. Раскрыты особенности восприятия крестьянами патриотической пропаганды, формы ментальных и поведенческих реакций на информацию о состоянии фронта и тыла, роль гендерных образов и языка в низовом дискурсе. Показана роль крестьянки, на чьи плечи легла вся тяжесть труда по поддержанию семьи и домохозяйства, в нарастании недовольства продовольственной политикой правительства, главным проявлением которого стали «бабьи бунты». Сделан вывод о том, что ментальные реакции, социальные и гендерные практики крестьянства в условиях войны продемонстрировали пределы политической мобилизации российского общества, не завершившего социокультурную трансформацию.

The article reveals the features of the participation of the peasantry in the processes of national mobilization in Russia in 1914-1916. The gender-differentiated reactions of peasants to the country's entry into the war and ways of adapting to military everyday life, forms of their participation in the home front efforts are shown. The consequences of changing the gender situation in connection with the mobilization of male householders and the new social role of the soldatki, new gender practices and the attitude of the peasants towards them are analyzed. The peculiarities of peasants' perception of patriotic propaganda, forms of mental and behavioral reactions to information about the state of the front and rear, the role of gender images and language in grassroots discourse are revealed. The role of a peasant woman, on whose shoulders all the hard work of maintaining a family and household fell, in the growing discontent with the government food policy, the main manifestation of which were “women's riots”, is shown. It is concluded that the mental reactions, social and gender practices of the peasantry in the conditions of war demonstrated the limits of the political mobilization of Russian society, which has not completed the socio-cultural transformation.
Historiographical Symphony by Professor Valentina P. Korzun
Authors: Леонтьева О.Б. , Мягков Г.П. , Репина Л.П.
Published: October 2023

Статья посвящена интеллектуальной биографии и основным вехам научной деятельности известного российского историка, основателя омской историографической школы профессора Валентины Павловны Корзун. Выделены стержневые темы научных трудов В.П. Корзун: личность историка, профессиональная рефлексия и экзистенциальный выбор, научные коммуникации и научные сообщества, генезис интеллектуальной истории в отечественной традиции. Охарактеризован вклад В.П. Корзун в развитие отечественной историографии: введение в научный оборот ранее неизвестных историографических источников, разработка эпистемологических проблем исторического знания и методологических подходов к изучению научных коммуникаций, а также ее роль в становлении региональной историографической школы.

The article is devoted to the intellectual biography and scientific activity of the famous Russian historian, the founder of the Omsk historiography school, Prof. Valentina P. Korzun. The core topics of her works: the personality of a historian, professional reflection and existential choice, research communities, the genesis of intellectual history in the national tradition. The contribution of V.P. Korzun in the Russian historiography: the introduction of new sources into scientific circulation, the elaboration of epistemological problems and new approaches to the study of scientific communications, her role in the formation of the regional school of historiography.
Resonant PI controller for shipboard electrohydraulic stabilized platform
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU), Bui Van T. , Yurkevich Valery D. ,   Novosibirsk State University, NSTU
Published: October 2023

The problem of stabilizing the angular position of the platform installed on the deck of a water vessel is considered. The platform is used to accommodate navigational equipment and radar antennas of communication systems that require stabilization of the platform's angular position in space under conditions of wave perturbations of the aquatic environment to work efficiently. The task under discussion is to eliminate the influence of wave perturbations on the platform's angle of inclination relative to the horizon. A mathematical model of a stabilized platform with an electric hydraulic drive is considered and a technique for synthesizing a control system that provides effective suppression of the influence of wave perturbations on the angular position of the platform is developed. The novelty of the proposed approach to the synthesis of the control system of the stabilized platform position consists in applying the time-scale separation method for calculating the resonant proportional-integral controller of the electrohydraulic drive of the platform. The results of numerical simulation of the control system under discussion are presented.
Application of Robotic Process Automation technology in education
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Kutukov Nikita Y. , Vazhdaev Andrey N. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: October 2023

The article presents an analysis of the robotic process automation methodology and its operation and architecture principles. An educational sphere, in particular a higher educational institution, was chosen for the implementation of the RPA system. The range of tasks suitable for robotization is described, and the context of the system operation was also determined. Based on these data, an RPA model in the field of education was created. An assessment of the increase in performance indicators based on cases of the introduction of such systems from open sources was made. The main advantages of the implementation were:improving the speed and accuracy of administrative operations, fast and high-quality verification of students' work, improved user experience of people interacting with the system. A functional model of the assistant's RPA system and its software implementation were created.
Model of a typical training problem in the e-learning
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR), Kruchinin Vladimir V. , Kuzovkin Vladimir V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics (TUSUR)
Published: October 2023

The development of a model for an educational task is described, that includes components such as task formulation, task objective, conditions and constraints, requirements for task solutions, and methods for evaluating the result. It is suggested to use the educational task model in an electronic learning system to create a database for a web application. The methodology for populating the database with educational tasks in physics and mathematics is presented. It also helps teachers to effectively assess students' knowledge.
Ecotopia: Ecological Concerns and Alternate Womanspace in Select Novels of Ursula K. Le Guin
Authors:   Chandigarh University, Punjab, India and Bhatter College, Dantan, Charan Asish Kr. , Gupta Tanu
Published: October 2023

The term ecotopia draws attention to the etymological link between utopia and ecologism, which emphasizes the importance of maintaining a sustainable relationship with the natural world in the context of an ideal egalitarian society. Literary utopias aim to evoke a longing for a society that differs from the present, playing a crucial role in breaking free from conventional thinking and envisioning alternatives to oppressive social institutions. The concept of green utopias is unthinkable without radical social reforms and changes in culture and lifestyle. Feminist ecotopia proposes a gendered deconstruction and reconstruction of a green utopian society. In her ecotopian novels Always Coming Home and Tehanu, Ursula K. Le Guin explores the relationship between ecologism and utopia. The structure of these novels frequently exhibits an ecotopian sensibility, while their content emphasizes the process of creating a better society. Le Guin’s transgressive concept of utopia and ecology seeks to challenge and subvert the ideological frameworks that support materialist and dominant patriarchal conceptions. It provides feminist writers with a distinct space to imagine transgressive and oppositional ecotopian alternatives, where mothering-related myths and femininized characteristics are valued. This paper delves into how Le Guin’s utopian novels interrogate and deconstruct powerful patriarchal structures, creating a cultural space for women to imagine transgressive and oppositional ecotopian alternatives. Keywords: Ecotopia, Utopia, Ecology, Feminist Utopia, Terraforming, Yin-Yang, Daoism
Memory, Insidious trauma, and Refugee crisis in Viet Thanh Nguyen’s The Sympathizer (2015)
Authors:   IIT Madras, India, Shrivastava Rashi , Parui Avishek , Raj Merin Simi
Published: October 2023

This article argues that refugee crises include complex forms of insidious and latent trauma, insufficiently engaged in dominant discourses of trauma studies which largely draw on Western models and cultural experiences, often overlooking various aspects of postcolonial trauma, trauma due to casual violence and racism, and other forms of everyday marginalization which are interstitial, experiential, and quotidian in quality. Through a historical examination of the America-Vietnam War and its subsequent diasporic subject-formations, we aim to offer an original reading of Viet Thanh Nguyen’s novel The Sympathizer (2015) using a complex framework of memory studies that highlights an interplay of nostalgia, spectrality, and posttraumatic stress manifestations. The study argues how trauma may be examined as a quotidian and experiential phenomenon of slow disintegration emerging from a profoundly political context, and how the medium of fiction offers a unique cognitive, affective, and focal framework to articulate and empathize with the same.
WEST NILE FEVER AS A RELEVANT HEALTH HAZARD: THE HISTORY OF STUDYING AND MEASURES OF ITS PREVENTION IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Volgograd Scientific Research Anti-Plague Institute, 7 Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131, Russian Federation, Toporkov A.V. , Putintseva E.V. ,   Volgograd Scientific Research Anti-Plague Institute, 7 Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131, Russian Federation, Udovichenko S.K. ,   Volgograd Scientific Research Anti-Plague Institute, 7 Golubinskaya St., Volgograd, 400131, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

The review generalizes data on West Nile fever manifestations in Russian between 1963 and 2022. Researchers have deter-mined peculiarities of the endemic process typical for this arboviral infection: cyclic rises in incidence with an interval of 1 to 8 years; the disease cases being predominantly registered in the south of the European part of the country; elevated risks of the disease for people aged 60 years and older; most West Nile fever cases without affecting the central nervous system with a con-tinuous steady increase in the share of neuroinvasive forms. There are ongoing discussions of a considerable growth in an area where West Nile fever spreads as the incidence of the disease has been registered in Central Russia and this calls for assessment studies aimed at determining the northern borders of the infection area. The reviewed studies also systematize data on the WNV carriers and vectors and highlight the necessity to conduct large-scale experimental studies with their focus on examining sus-ceptibility of various species of vertebrates and arthropods to the West Nile virus and assessing the efficiency of its transmission. The West Nile virus population that circulates in Russia has been shown to be heterogeneous and represented by the genotypes 1, 2, and 4, of which the genotype 2 is prevailing at present. The review also provides the findings of our own research with its focus on the genomes of the West Nile virus isolates indicating circulation of various genetic variants of the pathogen belonging to the genotype 2. The reviewed studies consider issues related to establishing epidemiological surveillance and sanitary-anti-epidemic (preventive) measures regarding West Nile fever in Russia and the principles of their organization at the present stage.
ASSESSMENT OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IN NON-FERROUS FOUNDRY WORKERS
Authors:   Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov St., Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation, Bakhtereva E.V. , Leiderman E.L. ,   Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov St., Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation, Plotko E.G. ,   Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov St., Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation, Riabkova T.A. ,   Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers, 30 Popov St., Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation
Published: October 2023

A comprehensive assessment of the health status includes the functional exploration of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Results of the neurophysiological examination allow elaboration of effective personified therapeutic and preventive programs for the core personnel of non-ferrous metal industry. Our objective was to study functional disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems in smelter operators for further development of risk-based rehabilitation programs for workers engaged in production of non-ferrous metals. Two cohorts of male workers were examined. The case cohort included 60 smelter operators of a large metallurgical plant situated in the Sverdlovsk Region and the control cohort consisted of 50 unexposed employees. The cohorts were matched by age and years of work experience. The mean age of smelter operators was 37.8 ± 7.9 years and their mean length of current employment was 4.1 ± 4.6 years, while the total length of work under hazardous occupational conditions was 7.1 ± 6.0 years. The case cohort included 39 operators of refinery boilers (mean age: 35.6 ± 7.2 years, mean length of employment: 4.2 ± 4.7 years) and 21 operators of the ore thermal furnace (mean age: 41.9 ± 7.6 years, mean length of current employment: 3.9 ± 4.4 years). All subjects underwent a neurocognitive examination (higher brain function testing), electroneuromyography, the somatosensory evoked response test, and electroencephalography. The results of examining the higher brain function enabled us to form the neurocognitive profile of the workers. We revealed signs of mild cognitive impairment in 30 % and a decrease in the cognitive reserve in 35 % of the cases. The diagnosed peripheral nervous system disorders included distal sensory polyneuropathy of the upper and lower extremities, carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes, cervical and lumbar radiculopathy. The comprehensive neurophysiological examination helps detect early changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. The findings should be taken into account when developing personal medical rehabilitation programs.
Militarization of borders: migration flows and the Schengen regime
Authors: Zorko Marta , Mikac Robert , Yoder Rory
Published: October 2023

This article explores the paradox of a globalized cooperative world that appears conducive to openness, yet simultaneously witnesses the proliferation of closed borders, physical barriers, and increased border militarization. The objective is to research, analyze, and categorize the various types of border militarization, offering both theoretical and practical perspectives. We propose new definitions for border militarization to encompass its diverse expressions, ranging from overt to subtle forms. This study focuses on border militarization within Europe, specifically in peripheral countries on the outer fringes of the European Union’s Schengen regime, employing a comparative case study methodology. It provides in-depth insights into two similar cases and practical militarization following the 2015-2016 European migration crisis in Croatia and Poland. While the research has limitations, including its eurocentric focus and limited generalizability, the conclusions shed light on post-migration crisis long-term effects in Europe and the growing phenomenon of subtle and covert border militarization.
La frontera inteligente Estados Unidos-México. Representaciones de tecnología y construcción del migrante irregular como amenaza-enemigo
Authors: Méndez-Fierros Hugo
Published: October 2023

El objetivo es identificar e interpretar representaciones mediáticas sobre la frontera digital EUA-México, al realizar un análisis de contenido cualitativo sobre un corpus sistematizado de 171 productos comunicativos, publicados entre 2011-2022. Los resultados demuestran que la construcción simbólica del migrante irregular como amenaza-enemigo, así como las representaciones sobre la tecnología como ente poderoso de hipervigilancia y datificación, contribuyen a justificar la instauración de políticas securitizadoras para fortificar la frontera digital.
Gestão de crises e turismo
Authors: Paixão Wilma Barros da , Lima João Gabriel , Cordeiro Itamar José Dias e
Published: October 2023

Independentemente do recente crescimento econômico do turismo, o setor é continuamente assolado por crises com rápidas implicações. Apesar da pandemia de COVID-19 ter deixado todos os destinos turísticos do mundo inoperantes em 2020, essa não foi a primeira nem a última ocorrência adversa a prejudicar o turismo global. Diante da complexidade das crises passadas e potenciais, este estudo procurou descrever o estado da arte na literatura internacional acerca do turismo e gestão de crises. Para desenvolver avaliações quantitativas e qualitativas, a metodologia se baseou na utilização do Protocolo Prisma para pesquisa bibliográfica e seleção de artigos nas bases de dados Scopus, ScienceDirect e Web of Science, coletando por fim 366 artigos científicos. Devido ao tamanho do escopo da pesquisa, optou-se pela revisão bibliométrica da literatura. Quanto aos resultados, descobriu-se que quase 50% dos estudos sobre o tema foram publicados após o surgimento da COVID-19, o número mais significativo desde 1980, quando as publicações sobre o tema começaram a ser registradas. Essa estatística demonstra não apenas os efeitos dessa crise no setor, mas também a importância de pesquisas acadêmicas sobre o assunto, que geram conhecimento para futuras crises sanitárias. O mesmo não acontece com outras categorias de crise, que respondem a menos de 30% dos artigos analisados. O trabalho também apresenta modelos e classificações propostas na literatura para gerenciamento de crises no turismo e argumenta que, embora o turismo tenha uma alta capacidade de adaptação às crises, sua vulnerabilidade a elas e a falta de publicações sobre gerenciamento de crises até 2020 – seguido de um foco exclusivo na crise da COVID-19 – demonstram a importância do estudo da gestão de crises no turismo.
UM “ARTIGO-MATERIAL DIDÁTICO” PARA FAZER-VER-ESCUTAR TEATRO COM CRIANÇAS PEQUENAS
Authors: Ferreira Taís
Published: October 2023

Apresentamos um “artigo-material didático” que, através de ideias para um percurso em teatro com crianças pequenas, mapeia possibilidades que poderão ser indutoras para práticas pedagógicas conduzidas por educadoras na Educação Infantil e nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Não pretendemos a prescrição, mas um “ideário aberto” de saberes e fazeres que instiguem as experiências sensoriais e estéticas com crianças. As propostas aqui apresentadas foram elaboradas no âmbito do Projeto Hanna, que contempla ações de extensão universitária em pedagogias das artes cênicas com educadoras e crianças desde 2020.
Ciência, tecnologia e gênero
Authors: De Barros Regina Lourenço
Published: October 2023

Os estudos de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) se baseiam em que o conhecimento é uma construção social e que há íntima relação entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. A história da civilização mostra que, geralmente, as sociedades organizam-se segundo o modelo de dominação masculina e, sendo a ciência e a pesquisa fortemente influenciadas por fatores sociais, é de se esperar que esse modo androcêntrico se reflita no trabalho da ciência e tecnologia. Ao longo do tempo, a participação das mulheres nas carreiras científicas se manteve restrita. Os estudos de Ciência, Tecnologia e Gênero (CTG) dentro dos estudos CTS, procuram avaliar como tem sido a participação feminina na ciência. Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre os fatores que contribuem ou bloqueiam a evolução das mulheres na carreira científica e quais as possíveis ações a serem realizadas para combater a desigualdade de gênero no campo científico. Trata-se de um ensaio teórico de caráter reflexivo com base na literatura com o objetivo de trazer algumas sugestões para valorização da mulher dentro do campo científico, entre as quais mudanças curriculares que estimulem as meninas para a carreira científica e dar maior visibilidade às conquistas femininas na ciência.
Apontamentos sobre gênero e docência na pós-graduação stricto sensu
Authors: Peixoto Maria Tatiana , Queiroz Marília Maria de Jesus , Santos Simone Cabral Marinho dos , Soares Themis Cristina Mesquita
Published: October 2023

A desigualdade de gênero é uma questão emergente e nas universidades, especialmente na docência, esse cenário não é diferente. Embora a presença de mulheres nas universidades tenha aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos, persiste uma conjuntura de disparidades no ensino superior. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre gênero e docência no âmbito da pós-graduação stricto sensu da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), tendo como foco 22 programas de pós-graduação. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir da pesquisa documental, por meio da análise de relatório fornecido pela Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação (PROPEG) do ano de 2020. Os resultados apontaram que a presença masculina é predominante na maioria das categorias analisadas. Considerando as áreas de avaliação da CAPES que integram os referidos programas, cinco delas são dominadas por homens, uma é constatada paridade de gênero e em outra, a representatividade de mulheres se apresenta levemente superior. Quanto à ocupação de cargos de gestão e vinculação de bolsa produtividade, o número de mulheres é relativamente menor em comparação ao número de homens. Com esse estudo, percebe-se a necessidade de avanços quanto à inserção e permanência de docentes mulheres na pós-graduação stricto sensu, embora os sinais de ruptura da assimetria na participação de mulheres em relação aos homens já sejam visíveis nos programas da UERN.
Mulheres na área STEM
Authors: Roselle Leihge , Maciel Cristiano
Published: October 2023

Trata-se de uma resenha sobre o livro Success strategies from women in STEM: a portable mentor, que possui como editoras as pesquisadoras Peggy A. Pritchard e Christine S. Grant. Essas são mulheres cientistas que, respectivamente, atuam como educadora na University of Guelph e professora universitária de Engenharia Química e Biomolecular na NC State University. A obra foi publicada em 2015 pela Editora Elsevier, e aborda temas relacionados ao desenvolvimento de carreira das mulheres que atuam na área de Science Technology Engineering and Math (STEM), focalizando as carreiras que são desenvolvidas dentro das universidades, nomeadas de acadêmicas.
LncRNA/CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA Axis in Atherosclerotic Inflammation:
Research Progress
Authors: Lv Nuan , Zhang Yilin , Wang Luming , Suo Yanrong , Zeng Wenyun , Yu Qun , Yu Bin , Jiang Xijuan
Published: October 2023

Atherosclerosis is characterized by chronic inflammation of the arterial wall. However,
the exact mechanism underlying atherosclerosis-related inflammation has not been fully elucidated.
To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the inflammatory process that leads to
atherosclerosis, there is need to identify novel molecular markers. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs),
including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs
(circRNAs) have gained prominence in recent years. LncRNAs/circRNAs act as competing endogenous
RNAs (ceRNAs) that bind to miRNAs via microRNA response elements (MREs),
thereby inhibiting the silencing of miRNA target mRNAs. Inflammatory mediators and inflammatory
signaling pathways are closely regulated by ceRNA regulatory networks in atherosclerosis.
In this review, we discuss the role of LncRNA/CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in atherosclerotic
inflammation and how it can be targeted for early clinical detection and treatment.
Pharmacoeconomic Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus: Outcomes and Analysis
of Health Benefits Approach
Authors: Baishnab Suman , Jaura Ravinder Singh , Sharma Saksham , Garg Honey , Singh Thakur Gurjeet
Published: October 2023

Pharmacoeconomics is an important tool for investigating and restructuring healthcare
policies. In India, recent statistical studies have shown that the number of diabetic patients is
rapidly increasing in the rural, middle and upper-class settings. The aim of this review is to call
attention towards the need to carry out pharmacoeconomic studies for diabetes mellitus and
highlight the outcome of these studies on healthcare.

:

A well-structured literature search from PubMed, Embase, Springer, ScienceDirect, and
Cochrane was done. Studies that evaluated the cost-effectiveness of various anti-diabetic agents
for type 2 diabetes were eligible for inclusion in the analysis and review. Two independent
reviewers sequentially assessed the titles, abstracts, and full articles to select studies that met the
predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria for data abstraction. Any discrepancies between
the reviewers were resolved through consensus.

:

By employing search terms such as pharmacoeconomics, diabetes mellitus, cost-effective
analysis, cost minimization analysis, cost-utility analysis, and cost-benefit analysis, a total of 194
papers were gathered. Out of these, 110 papers were selected as they aligned with the defined
search criteria and underwent the removal of duplicate entries.

:

This review outlined four basic pharmacoeconomic studies carried out on diabetes mellitus. It
gave a direction that early detection, patient counseling, personalized medication, appropriate
screening intervals, and early start of pharmacotherapy proved to be a cost-effective as well as
health benefits approach.
An Exquisite Analysis on the Significance of Nutrient Supplementation in
the Holistic Management of Poly-cystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Lalitha Chaitanya Motamarri Venkata Naga , Kumar Rajnish , Tyagi Pankaj , Srivastava Preeti
Published: October 2023

The complex heterogeneous disorder known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) includes endocrine, reproductive, metabolic, psychological, and other pathological aspects. Yet,
nothing is understood regarding the cause of PCOS. Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism are
major contributors to the pathophysiology of PCOS, according to various studies. Because of this,
a lot of PCOS treatment regimens include changing a person's lifestyle through practices, like exercise, nutrition, and vitamin supplementation. Recent studies have indicated a number of nutrients,
including vitamins, minerals, and vitamin-like substances, for the therapy of PCOS since they all
have at least one functional characteristic in the pathways that are affected by PCOS. As a result,
it is claimed that PCOS may be caused by a vitamin or mineral deficiency. It is the goal of this review to conduct a critical literature analysis on nutritional supplementation for the management of
PCOS.
Reasons for Requesting Ultrasonography: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bagci Nuray , Peker Ilkay
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The aim of this study is to evaluate (i) the reasons for requesting ultrasonography (USG) in a dentistry faculty and (ii) the scanning regions, the
type of probe used, and the use of Doppler USG.

Methods:

USG request forms of patients who applied to our radiology clinic for USG were analyzed retrospectively. According to the clinical information of
the patients in the request forms, the reasons for requesting USG were divided into four groups: soft tissue swelling, soft tissue calcification, lymph
node, and other examinations. Data were statistically compared between sex (female and male) and age groups (≤40−years−old and
˃40−years−old).

Results:

The USG request forms of 50 patients were obtained. The mean patient age was 45.06±14.50 years. Twenty-six patients were female (52%), while
twenty-four patients were male (48%). Soft tissue swelling, soft tissue calcification, lymph node, and other examinations were noted as the reasons
for requesting USG in 42%, 26%, 18%, and 14% of the patients, respectively. The most scanned regions were the submandibular (56%), parotid
(16%), and cheek (10%) regions. Extraoral probe was used more frequently than intraoral probe (78% vs. 22%). Doppler USG was used in most
patients (98%). A statistically significant difference was found between age groups and calcification examination (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

The reasons for requesting USG were mostly soft tissue swelling, soft tissue calcification, and lymph node examinations. The most commonly
scanned region and used type of probe were the submandibular region and extraoral probe, respectively. Doppler USG was used in most patients.
Non-neoplastic Liver Lesions after Biliary Stenting: Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced
MRI Findings and Clinical association
Authors: Ihara Kenichiro , Tanabe Masahiro , Ueda Takaaki , Kobayashi Taiga , Higashi Mayumi , Ito Katsuyoshi
Published: October 2023

Background::

Non-neoplastic liver lesions that show low signal intensity in the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-MRI) after biliary stenting and require differentiation from liver metastases may be seen.

Objective::

To evaluate the imaging findings and clinical association of non-neoplastic liver lesions showing hypointensity in the HBP of EOB-MRI after biliary stenting, and assess their differentiation from liver metastases.

Methods::

This study included 30 patients who underwent EOB-MRI after biliary stenting for pancreatobiliary malignancies. Among these, 7 patients had pathologically diagnosed non-neoplastic liver lesions which appeared hypointense in the HBP, and were categorized into the non-neoplastic group. The remaining 23 patients without non-neoplastic liver lesions were included in the control group. Additionally, 29 patients with liver metastasis were included as the liver metastasis group. Clinical associations and imaging features were compared between the groups.

Results::

A history of cholangitis and two or more biliary interventional procedures were significantly more frequently observed in the non-neoplastic group (p=0.002 and p=0.01, respectively) than in the control groups. Regarding the imaging findings, the liver to lesion signal intensity ratio in the HBP in the liver metastasis group was significantly higher than that in the non-neoplastic group (2.13 vs. 1.53, p=0.002). Additionally, liver metastases were visualized significantly more clearly on diffusion-weighted images (p=0.033) and HBP images (p&lt;0.001) in comparison to non-neoplastic lesions.

Conclusion::

Non-neoplastic liver lesions, probably due to biliary inflammation, may be observed in the HBP of EOB-MRI in patients after biliary stenting. These lesions may be associated with a history of cholangitis and repeated biliary intervention procedure, and need to be differentiated from liver metastases.
An Optimal Model Combining SqueezeNet and Machine Learning Methods for
Lung Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Maiti Abdallah , Abarda Abdallah , Hanini Mohamed , Oussous Ahmed
Published: October 2023

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly evolving in healthcare, with transformative potential. AI revolutionizes medical imaging by enabling online
self-diagnosis for patients and improving diagnostic accuracy for healthcare professionals. While valuable datasets aid machine learning in disease
detection, challenges persist in diagnosing similar lung conditions from chest X-rays. Integrating AI into healthcare holds promise for enhanced
outcomes and efficiency.

Objective::

In this article, we aim to present a new AI model that solves this challenge by allowing the differentiation, diagnosis and classification of three
distinct diseases, whose symptoms are very similar. The fundamental contribution is to reduce the number of parameters used while maintaining
the same level of precision for use in embedded systems.

Methods::

Our proposed model combines the power of the neural network using the SqueezeNet architecture with a set of machine learning algorithms as
classifiers, including logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree, and naive Bayes. The chest Xray
dataset used in the proposed model consists of CXR images that are classified into four categories: pneumonia, tuberculosis, COVID-19, and
normal cases.

Results::

Our proposed model demonstrated remarkable accuracy (97,32%), precision (97,33), F1 score (97,31%), recall (97,30%), and AUC (99,40), which
is close to the best model. Whereas, the number of parameters used by our model (4,6 M) is very small compared to the best model in the literature
(47M).

Conclusion::

The model demonstrated good classification accuracy. In addition, the proposed model has the ability to use fewer parameters, which means it
requires less internal memory and computing resources.
Synchronous Double Primary Malignant Tumors and their Possible Shared
Genes: A Rare Clinical Entity
Authors: Hu Na , Yan Gang , Tang Mao-wen , Wu Yu-hui , Xiang Yi-ning , Lei Ping-gui
Published: October 2023

Objective:

This study sought to analyze the 18F-FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images of synchronous colorectal cancer
(CRC) and renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and identify the shared genes between these two types of cancer through bioinformatic analysis.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted on a patient with synchronous CRC and ccRCC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and contrast-enhanced
CT before treatment. Databases were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes between CRC and ccRCC, and co-expression genes were
extracted for RCC and CRC.

Results:

18F-FDG PET/CT revealed intense metabolic activity in the primary colorectal lesion (SUVmax 13.2), while a left renal mass (diameter = 35 mm)
was observed with no significant uptake. Contrast-enhanced CT during the arterial phase showed heterogeneous intense enhancement of the renal
lesion, and the lesion washed out earlier than in the renal cortex in the nephrographic and excretory phases, indicating ccRCC. The
histopathological results confirmed synchronous double primary malignant tumors. Our bioinformatic analysis results showed that synchronous
occurrence of CRC and ccRCC may correlate with simultaneous expression of Carbonic Anhydrase 9 (CA9), integrin-binding sialoprotein (IBSP),
and Fibrinogen γ chain (FGG).

Conclusion:

18F-FDG PET/CT combined with contrast-enhanced CT is an effective diagnostic tool in evaluating synchronous CRC and RCC. By analyzing this
clinical case and conducting bioinformatic analysis, we improved our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying synchronous tumors.

other:

no
A Review on the Use of Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sultana Razia , Yadav Dhananjay , Puranik Nidhi , Chavda Vishal , Kim Jeongyeon , Song Minseok
Published: October 2023

According to a 2020 WHO study, cancer is responsible for one in every six fatalities. One in four patients
die due to side effects and intolerance to chemotherapy, making it a leading cause of patient death. Compared
to traditional tumor therapy, emerging treatment methods, including immunotherapy, gene therapy, photothermal
therapy, and photodynamic therapy, have proven to be more effective. The aim of this review is to highlight
the role of gold nanoparticles in advanced cancer treatment. A systematic and extensive literature review
was conducted using the Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, NCBI, and various websites.
Highly relevant literature from 141 references was chosen for inclusion in this review. Recently, the synergistic
benefits of nano therapy and cancer immunotherapy have been shown, which could allow earlier diagnosis, more
focused cancer treatment, and improved disease control. Compared to other nanoparticles, the physical and optical
characteristics of gold nanoparticles appear to have significantly greater effects on the target. It has a crucial
role in acting as a drug carrier, biomarker, anti-angiogenesis agent, diagnostic agent, radiosensitizer, cancer immunotherapy,
photodynamic therapy, and photothermal therapy. Gold nanoparticle-based cancer treatments can
greatly reduce current drug and chemotherapy dosages.
Anti- SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM Levels in Iraqi General Population
Authors: Alobaidi Amina Hamed , Mustafa Hussein Inam , Salih Ahmed Mutar , Alsamarai Abdulghani Mohamed
Published: October 2023

Background:

Acquired immunity plays an important role in the prevention of viral infec-tions. SARS-CoV-2 is an infection that leads to a pandemic. The development of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may play a vital role in disease prevention and control. Thus IgG antibody screening in the general population provides information on the immunological status of the community

Aim:

To clarify the SARS-CoV-2 immune status in the general population.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kirkuk province during the period from 15 May 2022 to 11 September 2022. The samples were collected from voluntary subjects and informed con-sent was taken from each participant before their enrolment in the study. SARS-CoV-2 IgG, SARS-CoV-2 IgM, 25-OH Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, and Folate were determined using the Electrochemi-luminescence Immunoassay (eCLIA) technique with the instrument NIPIGON-Robot R1Automated ECL Analyzer (Canada).

Results:

The overall IgG mean concentration was 37.75 ± 23.18 COI, with a median of 39.99 COI and a range of 0.25 - 87.23 COI. Additionally, 93% of tested samples were with concentrations of more than 1 COI. The highest frequency (18.2%) was for the IgG concentration of 51 to 60 COI, while the lowest frequency (1.3%) was for the concentration of 81 - 90 COI. The IgG was signifi-cantly higher (P = 0.046) in males (39.87 ± 24.04 COI) than that in females (35.12 ± 21.89 COI). The IgM overall concentration was 0.569 ± 0.456 COI, with a median of 0.489 COI and a range of 0.17 - 6.40 COI. The mean serum level of folic acid concentration was 9.03 ± 5.72 ng/ml, with a median of 7.476 ng/ml and a range of 0.60 - 20.00 ng/ml. The mean serum concentration of vitamin B12 was 462.65 ± 349.18 pg/ml, with a median of 353 pg/ml and a range of 13.05 - 2000 pg/ml. The mean serum concentration of vitamin D was 18.29 ± 18.42 ng/ml with a median of 12.44 ng/ml and a range of 3 - 100 ng/ml. IgG and IgM serum levels did not show a significant correlation with serum levels of folic acid, vitamin D, and vitamin B12. However, there was a significant correlation between folic acid and vitamin D (r = 0.197; P = 0.012); vitamin B12 and vitamin D (r = 0.253, P = 0.001). While there was a non-significant correlation between folic acid and vitamin D serum levels (r = 0.129, P = 0.10).

Conclusion:

General population IgG antibody concentration reflects a high rate of herd immunity. Folic acid was with a mean value of about half of the upper normal limit and only 17.7% were with low values. Vitamin B12, only 6.3% of the population had values lower than normal. However, the range of vitamin B12 was wide. While vitamin D values were lower than the normal limit at 82.6%. However, a large scale well designed was warranted to evaluate COVID-19 national immune re-sponse.
Exerkines: A Crosstalk between Lactate Production, Exercise and Mental
Health
Authors: Sá Filho Alberto Souza , Barsanulfo Silvio Roberto , Faria Sara Socorro , Inacio Pedro Augusto , Ayatizadeh Farahnaz , Machado Sérgio
Published: October 2023

Muscle skeletal striated cells secrete a wide range of proteins called myokines or
“exerkines”, which in turn perform autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine functions. For being able to act
in the communication between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and mainly the brain, exerkines play a
prominent role and potential influence on health promotion. Furthermore, we detected in the literature
that one of these potential therapeutic substances derived from muscle contraction is a molecule
derived from glycolytic metabolism that in the past was largely marginalized, the lactate. Currently,
studies are dedicated to examining the target structures for exerkines that may contribute to the
maintenance and restoration of mental health. Thus, lactate appears to be recognized as a critical mediator
of exercise-related changes and their health benefits, particularly in their role in communication
and coordination between organs. It is inferred that the BDNF expression mechanism can be induced
by lactate, which in turn derives from the activation of SIRT pathways 1 and 2 and activates
the PGC1-α cascade. The behavior of lactate concentration is intensity-dependent, directly related to
the type of fast-twitch fibers (type IIb) and the recruitment of these fibers would potentiate the
responses in the brain. In this sense, high-intensity exercise would establish itself as an important
strategy to be considered. Despite this understanding, there is still much to be done. However, lactate
appears to be a highly promising exerkine for future research initiatives and a potential biomarker to
reduce illness and promote mental health.
Allo-polyherbal Approaches for Managing Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative
Review
Authors: Sharma Pratiksha , Singh Varinder , Baldi Ashish
Published: October 2023

Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a complex cluster of medical conditions with profound implications for global public health. This constellation of disorders substantially increases the
susceptibility to type 2 diabetes, obesity, thrombosis, cardiovascular disease, and hyperlipidemia.
The drugs currently prescribed for managing MS offer limited efficacy, likely due to their limited
scope of action. Owing to their restricted mechanisms of action, these medications often lead to significant side effects such as weight gain, bone marrow impairment, Raynaud's phenomenon, galactorrhea, and others. Consequently, these adverse effects contribute to poor patient adherence and
restrict the overall effectiveness of the treatment. Thus, developing new therapeutic strategies for
managing MS is certainly required. Recent investigations have been concentrated on formulating
strategies that combine conventional synthetic drugs with herbal medicines (which act via multiple
targets), aiming to enhance treatment efficacy and enhance patient adherence in the management of
MS. This concept of combining synthetic and herbal drugs is termed ‘Allo-polyherbal’ and has been
shown to improve the efficacy of synthetic drugs and reduction of adverse effects. The present review uncovers the concept of Allo-polyherbal and reveals the potential benefits of using Allopolyherbal in managing diabetes, cardiovascular, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and thrombosis leading to MS.