bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The translation of foreign films and cosmopolitan Shanghai (1896–1949)
Authors: Jin Haina
Published: January 2025

This article examines the translation of foreign films in cosmopolitan Shanghai from 1896 to 1949. Silent films were introduced to China at the end of the nineteenth century, and live narration was provided to allow Chinese audiences to better understand Western shadow plays. With an increasing number of foreign films exhibited in Shanghai theatres, distributors and exhibitors made printed film plot sheets and experimented with the use of subtitles. With the arrival of sound cinema, experiments with techniques such as simultaneous interpretation, voiceover, and dubbing were also conducted. At this time, Shanghai was a semi-colonial city, where the languages spoken included the Shanghai dialect, Cantonese, standard Mandarin, and English, among others, and where the written Chinese language was transitioning from classical Chinese to vernacular Chinese. Film translation is perceived as a space where the mediation between the foreign and the local is materialized. Using materials such as official regulations, newspapers, memoirs, and archives, this article examines various modes of foreign film translation in Republican Shanghai to demonstrate the ways in which the vibrant translation activities of early cinema mediated between languages and cultures, connected local audiences with the foreign, and constructed a cosmopolitan cultural scene.
Feelings of guilt among cancer patients and the usage of complementary or alternative medicine – A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Meren Sarah Sophie , Josfeld Lena , Bahlmann Jozien Clazina , Fischer von Weikersthal L. , Männle H. , Huebner J.
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the influence of feelings of guilt among cancer patients on their health behavior, with a specific focus on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).

Methods

A multicentric cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 162 oncological patients, assessing sociodemographic variables, feelings of guilt, patient activation, self-efficacy, and CAM usage. The Shame-Guilt-Scale was employed to measure guilt, with subscales including punitive guilt, self-criticism (actions), moral perfectionism, and empathy-reparation. To assess patient activation and self-efficacy, we used the German Version of the Patient Activation Measure 13 and the Short Scale for Measuring General Safe-efficacy Beliefs, respectively. To evaluate CAM-usage, we used a standardized instrument from the working group Prevention and Integrative Oncology of the German Cancer Society. Statistical analyses, including regression models, were employed to examine potential associations.

Results

Female gender was associated with more frequent CAM usage. Regarding holistic and mind-body-methods, younger patients more often used these methods. No significant association was found between feelings of guilt and CAM usage. Patients experienced guilt most strongly related to empathy and reparation for their own actions.

Significance of results

Our results do not support the hypothesis of a direct link between guilt and CAM usage. Guilt may be an important aspect in psychological support for cancer patients, yet, with respect to counselling on CAM, it does not play an important part to understand patients’ motivations.
An interpretable neural network approach to cause-of-death mortality forecasting
Authors: Tanaka Sohei , Matsuyama Naoki
Published: January 2025

Cause-of-death mortality forecasting, a key topic in public health and actuarial science, is a challenging task due to the difficulty of modeling that accounts for dependencies among causes of death. While several cause-of-death mortality models have been proposed to address this difficulty, little attention has been paid to improving their predictive performance. Recently, purely data-driven approaches using tensor decomposition methods have been introduced to cause-of-death mortality modeling, demonstrating strong out-of-sample predictive performance compared to existing models. However, these methods have difficulties in the interpretability of multi-rank tensor components to achieve strong predictive performance. In response, we propose a novel tensor-based cause-of-death mortality model by replacing the tensor decomposition with a convolutional autoencoder with a one-dimensional latent layer that provides a Lee-Carter-like time-series factor; the model also provides the age sensitivity of cause-specific log mortality to the time-series factor. Due to the representational capability of the neural network, our model achieves better predictive performance compared to the existing tensor decomposition-based models, despite the simplified latent layer for model interpretability.
Cascaded metalenses boost applications in near-eye display
Authors: Sun Jiacheng , Li Tao
Published: January 2025

Recent advancements show the potential of cascaded metalenses in near-eye display applications, achieving performance that rivals traditional eyepiece systems. By leveraging the human pupil as an aperture and taking into account practical factors such as eye relief, pupil size, and display dimensions, this approach suggests a bright future for the incorporation of meta-optics in cutting-edge near-eye display technologies.
Bayesian optimization with Gaussian-process-based active machine learning for improvement of geometric accuracy in projection multi-photon 3D printing
Authors: Johnson Jason E. , Jamil Ishat Raihan , Pan Liang , Lin Guang , Xu Xianfan
Published: January 2025

Multi-photon polymerization is a well-established, yet actively developing, additive manufacturing technique for 3D printing on the micro/nanoscale. Like all additive manufacturing techniques, determining the process parameters necessary to achieve dimensional accuracy for a structure 3D printed using this method is not always straightforward and can require time-consuming experimentation. In this work, an active machine learning based framework is presented for determining optimal process parameters for the recently developed, high-speed, layer-by-layer continuous projection 3D printing process. The proposed active learning framework uses Bayesian optimization to inform optimal experimentation in order to adaptively collect the most informative data for effective training of a Gaussian-process-regression-based machine learning model. This model then serves as a surrogate for the manufacturing process: predicting optimal process parameters for achieving a target geometry, e.g., the 2D geometry of each printed layer. Three representative 2D shapes at three different scales are used as test cases. In each case, the active learning framework improves the geometric accuracy, with drastic reductions of the errors to within the measurement accuracy in just four iterations of the Bayesian optimization using only a few hundred of total training data. The case studies indicate that the active learning framework developed in this work can be broadly applied to other additive manufacturing processes to increase accuracy with significantly reduced experimental data collection effort for optimization.
System-level modeling with temperature compensation for a CMOS-MEMS monolithic calorimetric flow sensing SoC
Authors: Hong Linze , Xiao Ke , Song Xiangyu , Lin Liwei , Xu Wei
Published: January 2025

We present a system-level model with an on-chip temperature compensation technique for a CMOS-MEMS monolithic calorimetric flow sensing SoC. The model encompasses mechanical, thermal, and electrical domains to facilitate the co-design of a MEMS sensor and CMOS interface circuits on the EDA platform. The compensation strategy is implemented on-chip with a variable temperature difference heating circuit. Results show that the linear programming for the low-temperature drift in the SoC output is characterized by a compensation resistor R
c with a resistance value of 748.21 Ω and a temperature coefficient of resistance of 3.037 × 10−3 °C−1 at 25 °C. Experimental validation demonstrates that within an ambient temperature range of 0–50 °C and a flow range of 0–10 m/s, the temperature drift of the sensor is reduced to ±1.6%, as compared to ±8.9% observed in a counterpart with the constant temperature difference circuit. Therefore, this on-chip temperature-compensated CMOS-MEMS flow sensing SoC is promising for low-cost sensing applications such as respiratory monitoring and smart energy-efficient buildings.
Positively charged specificity site in cyclin B1 is essential for mitotic fidelity
Authors: Heinzle Christian , Höfler Anna , Yu Jun , Heid Peter , Kremer Nora , Schunk Rebecca , Stengel Florian , Bange Tanja , Boland Andreas , Mayer Thomas U.
Published: January 2025

Phosphorylation of substrates by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) is the driving force of cell cycle progression. Several CDK-activating cyclins are involved, yet how they contribute to substrate specificity is still poorly understood. Here, we discover that a positively charged pocket in cyclin B1, which is exclusively conserved within B-type cyclins and binds phosphorylated serine- or threonine-residues, is essential for correct execution of mitosis. HeLa cells expressing pocket mutant cyclin B1 are strongly delayed in anaphase onset due to multiple defects in mitotic spindle function and timely activation of the E3 ligase APC/C. Pocket integrity is essential for APC/C phosphorylation particularly at non-consensus CDK1 sites and full in vitro ubiquitylation activity. Our results support a model in which cyclin B1’s pocket facilitates sequential substrate phosphorylations involving initial priming events that assist subsequent pocket-dependent phosphorylations even at non-consensus CDK1 motifs.
Dynamic allostery in the peptide/MHC complex enables TCR neoantigen selectivity
Authors: Ma Jiaqi , Ayres Cory M. , Brambley Chad A. , Chandran Smita S. , Rosales Tatiana J. , Perera W. W. J. Gihan , Eldaly Bassant , Murray William T. , Corcelli Steven A. , Kovrigin Evgenii L. , Klebanoff Christopher A. , Baker Brian M.
Published: January 2025

The inherent antigen cross-reactivity of the T cell receptor (TCR) is balanced by high specificity. Surprisingly, TCR specificity often manifests in ways not easily interpreted from static structures. Here we show that TCR discrimination between an HLA-A*03:01 (HLA-A3)-restricted public neoantigen and its wild-type (WT) counterpart emerges from distinct motions within the HLA-A3 peptide binding groove that vary with the identity of the peptide’s first primary anchor. These motions create a dynamic gate that, in the presence of the WT peptide, impedes a large conformational change required for TCR binding. The neoantigen is insusceptible to this limiting dynamic, and, with the gate open, upon TCR binding the central tryptophan can transit underneath the peptide backbone to the opposing side of the HLA-A3 peptide binding groove. Our findings thus reveal a novel mechanism driving TCR specificity for a cancer neoantigen that is rooted in the dynamic and allosteric nature of peptide/MHC-I binding grooves, with implications for resolving long-standing and often confounding questions about T cell specificity.
Comparative assessment of empirical and hybrid machine learning models for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration in sub-humid and semi-arid climates
Authors: Acharki Siham , Raza Ali , Vishwakarma Dinesh Kumar , Amharref Mina , Bernoussi Abdes Samed , Singh Sudhir Kumar , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Dewidar Ahmed Z. , Al-Othman Ahmed A. , Mattar Mohamed A.
Published: January 2025

Improving the accuracy of reference evapotranspiration (RET) estimation is essential for effective water resource management, irrigation planning, and climate change assessments in agricultural systems. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith (PM-FAO56) model, a widely endorsed approach for RET estimation, often encounters limitations due to the lack of complete meteorological data. This study evaluates the performance of eight empirical models and four machine learning (ML) models, along with their hybrid counterparts, in estimating daily RET within the Gharb and Loukkos irrigated perimeters in Morocco. The ML models examined include Random Forest (RF), M5 Pruned (M5P), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), with hybrid combinations of RF-M5P, RF-XGBoost, RF-LightGBM, and XGBoost-LightGBM. Six input combinations were created, utilizing Tmax, Tmin, RHmean, Rs, and U2, with the PM-FAO56 model serving as the benchmark. Model performance was assessed using four statistical indicators: Kling-Gupta efficiency index (KGE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (RMSE), and relative root squared error (RRSE). Results indicate that the Valiantzas 2013 (VAL2013b) model outperformed other empirical models across all stations, achieving high KGE and R2 values (0.95–0.97) and low RMSE (0.32–0.35 mm/day) and RRSE (8.14–10.30%). The XGBoost-LightGBM and RF-LightGBM hybrid models exhibited the highest accuracy (average RMSE of 0.015–0.097 mm/day), underscoring the potential of hybrid ML models for RET estimation in subhumid and semi-arid regions, thereby enhancing water resource management and irrigation scheduling.
Examining the affordable connectivity program and telehealth use: a pilot survey of the affordable connectivity program, telehealth, video and audio visits in a racially diverse, lower-income population
Authors: Adepoju Omolola E. , Dang Patrick , Fuentes Carlos , Liaw Winston
Published: January 2025

The Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) aimed to narrow the digital divide by providing discounted internet services for millions of low-income households during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined associations between enrollment in the ACP and Telehealth visits in a racially diverse low-income population. Data were obtained via a cross-sectional survey of 213 respondents. Three multivariable regression models examined associations between ACP and three dependent variables, separately: (i) Used telehealth in the past 12 months, (ii) Had 1 or more video visits/consults in the past 12 months, and (iii) Had 1 or more telephone visits/consults in the past 12 months. 41% of survey respondents identified as non-Hispanic Black individuals, 33% as non-Hispanic White individuals, and 22% as Hispanic individuals. 69% reported a pre-tax annual household income of less than $35,000. Only 2 of 10 respondents had heard of ACP and were enrolled, while approximately 4 in 10 had never heard of it. Respondent knowledge/enrollment in the ACP was not significantly associated with telehealth, video consult, or telephone usage. Other demographic characteristics including race, income, educational attainment, and biological sex were significantly associated with telehealth, video, and telephone consults. We observed no association between ACP and telehealth use. While this finding is concerning, it offers an opportunity to reflect on potential reasons for ACP adoption gaps, such as digital literacy, device availability, and potential misconceptions about telehealth services.
Incidence and risk factors for insulinoma diagnosed in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK
Authors: Kraai Kasper , O’Neill Dan G. , Davison Lucy J. , Brodbelt Dave C. , Galac Sara , Buishand Floryne O.
Published: January 2025

Insulinoma is the most common pancreatic tumor diagnosed in dogs. This study aimed to report incidence risk, breed predispositions and other demographic risk factors for insulinoma diagnosed in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK. The VetCompass Program supports research on anonymized electronic health records (EHRs) from dogs under UK veterinary care. This study included all VetCompass EHRs from dogs under primary veterinary care during 2019. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate demographic risk factors for insulinoma diagnosis. Of 2,250,741 study dogs, 278 were confirmed as insulinoma cases at any date. The estimated 2019 incidence risk was 0.003% (95% CI 0.002–0.004%). Compared to crossbreeds, predisposed breeds included Dogue de Bordeaux, German Pointer, Flat Coated Retriever, Boxer and West Highland White Terrier. The Labrador Retriever showed decreased odds for insulinoma diagnosis. Additionally, being a terrier breed and being a breed predisposed to other endocrine cancers were associated with increased odds for insulinoma diagnosis. Other risk factors associated with increased odds for insulinoma diagnosis included being female neutered, being 9 - <15 years of age, having an adult median bodyweight of 20 - <30 kg and having a bodyweight above the median for the sex/breed. This is the first study to report the epidemiology of canine insulinoma in dogs under primary veterinary care, resulting in crucial leads for further research in the epidemiology and etiology of canine insulinoma and possible links of canine insulinoma with other canine endocrine cancers. Additionally, the results can aid veterinarians to identify dogs at greater risk of insulinoma.
Real-time trajectory imaging of alpha particles emitted from actinium-225 and its daughter radionuclides
Authors: Yamamoto Seiichi , Yoshino Masao , Shirasaki Kenji , Nakanishi Kohei , Kamada Kei , Yoshikawa Akira , Kataoka Jun
Published: January 2025

In targeted alpha-particle therapy, actinium-225 (Ac-225) has emerged as a radionuclide of potential, driving extensive efforts to develop innovative radiopharmaceuticals. High-resolution imaging of alpha particles is required for precisely detecting alpha-emitting radionuclides in cellular environments and small organs. Here, we report real-time trajectory imaging of alpha particles emitted by Ac-225 and its daughter radionuclides, utilizing an alpha particle trajectory imaging system. This system incorporates a magnification unit, a cooled electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EM-CCD) camera, and a Ce-doped Gd3Al2Ga3O12 (GAGG) scintillator. Alpha particles were projected onto the GAGG scintillator, producing magnified images that were captured at 100 ms intervals. We successfully tracked particle trajectories with varying lengths and intensities for 4 different alpha particles emitted from Ac-225 and its daughter radionuclides with a spatial resolution of 1.0 μm. Notably, we achieved the imaging of sequentially emitted trajectories from Fr-221 and its decay product At-217, characterized by short decay intervals, along with the extended trajectories of high-energy alpha particles emitted by Po-213. These results demonstrate that high-resolution trajectory imaging, integrated with temporal and energy information, offers profound insights into the real-time behavior of Ac-225 and its daughter radionuclides within living cells or tissue sections, thereby driving advancements in targeted alpha-particle therapy.
Spin injection in graphene using ferromagnetic van der Waals contacts of indium and cobalt
Authors: Sarkar Soumya , Oh Saeyoung , Newton Peter J. , Li Yang , Zhu Yiru , Ghani Maheera Abdul , Yan Han , Jeong Hu Young , Wang Yan , Chhowalla Manish
Published: January 2025

Graphene-based spintronic devices require efficient spin injection, and dielectric tunnel barriers are typically used to facilitate spin injection. However, the direct growth of ultrathin dielectrics on two-dimensional surfaces is challenging and unreliable. Here we report spin injection in graphene lateral spin valves using ferromagnetic van der Waals contacts of indium and cobalt (In–Co), and without the deposition of dielectric tunnel barriers. With this approach, we obtain magnetoresistance values of 1.5% ± 0.5% (spin signal around 50 Ω), which is comparable to state-of-the-art graphene lateral spin valves with oxide tunnel barriers, with a working device yield of more than 70%. By contrast, lateral spin valves with non-van der Waals contacts containing only cobalt are inefficient and exhibit, at best, a magnetoresistance of around 0.2% (spin signal around 3 Ω). The contact resistance of our ferromagnetic indium–cobalt van der Waals contacts is 2–5 kΩ, which makes them compatible with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor devices.
Stochastic logic in biased coupled photonic probabilistic bits
Authors: Horodynski Michael , Roques-Carmes Charles , Salamin Yannick , Choi Seou , Sloan Jamison , Luo Di , Soljačić Marin
Published: January 2025

Optical computing often employs tailor-made hardware to implement specific algorithms, trading generality for improved performance in key aspects like speed and power efficiency. An important computing approach that is still missing its corresponding optical hardware is probabilistic computing, used e.g. for solving difficult combinatorial optimization problems. In this study, we propose an experimentally viable photonic approach to solve arbitrary probabilistic computing problems. Our method relies on the insight that coherent Ising machines composed of coupled and biased optical parametric oscillators can emulate stochastic logic. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by using numerical simulations equivalent to the full density matrix formulation of coupled optical parametric oscillators.
Novel photocrosslinking chemical probes utilized for high-resolution spatial transcriptomics
Authors: Spitalny Leslie , Falco Natalie , England Whitney , Allred Tyler , Spitale Robert C.
Published: January 2025

CrossSeq photocrosslinking fluorescent probes label fixed cells through light activation for multiplexed and high-resolution spatial transcriptomic analysis.
Influence of Spinacia oleracea leaf extract concentration on silver nanoparticle formation and evaluation of antimicrobial properties
Authors: Akpobolokemi Tamara , Chung Etelka , Martinez-Nunez Rocio Teresa , Ren Guogang , Raimi Abraham Bahijja Tolulope , Griffiths Alex
Published: January 2025

Silver nanoparticle size reduced with increaing S. oleracea/concentration. S. oleracea concentration influenced antimicrobial activity. Plant extract concentration impacts silver nanoparticle synthesis, size and resultant antimicrobial activity.
Utilizing decavanadate as an artificial solid electrolyte interface to effectively suppress dendrite formation on a lithium metal anode
Authors: Song Jian , Jiang Yuanyuan , Lu Yizhong , Zhao Changhao , Cao Yundong , Fan Linlin , Liu Hong , Gao Guanggang
Published: January 2025

Na6V10O28·18H2O (V10) is employed to modify a lithium anode as an artificial solid electrolyte interface. In the process of plating/stripping, there is a reversible transition between the reduced state and the oxidized state of V10.
Spiroamentotaxols A–D: unprecedented 6/6/6/5/6/6/6/6 spiro-octacyclic bis-diterpene heterodimers from the endangered conifer Amentotaxus yunnanensis and their bioactivities
Authors: Zhou Peng-Jun , Zhao Ze-Yu , Chen Sha , Luo Gong-Pu , Zhu Jin-Xin , Li Xu-Wen , Choo Yeun-Mun , Hamann Mark T. , Xiong Juan , Hu Jin-Feng
Published: January 2025

A new chemical class of 6/6/6/5/6/6/6/6 spiro-octacyclic Diels–Alder [4 + 2] heterodimers (ent-kaurene and norabietane) was isolated and characterized from Amentotaxus yunnanensis. They exhibited in vitro anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
Incredible use of plant-derived bioactives as anticancer agents
Authors: Kangra Kiran , Kakkar Saloni , Mittal Vineet , Kumar Virender , Aggarwal Navidha , Chopra Hitesh , Malik Tabarak , Garg Vandana
Published: January 2025

Bioactives for the treatment of cancer.
2D V2C MXene/2D g-C3N4 nanosheet heterojunctions constructed via a one-pot method for remedying water pollution through high-efficient adsorption together with in situ photocatalytic degradation
Authors: Xue Shishan , He Dengliang , Zhang Herong , Zhang Yuning , Wang Yu , Zeng Yurong , Liu Shuxin , Chen Ning
Published: January 2025

2D V2C MXene/2D g-C3N4 nanosheet heterojunctions was exploited in this work, which almost completely removed dye pollutants (RhB and CV) with the removal ratio of 99.5%. This work is significant for the field of wastewater treatment.
In situ generation and conversion of a half-zirconocene catalyst for the synthesis of N-acylpyrazoles
Authors: Wu Juan , Yang Mingming , Leng Deying , Hu Qiuping , Yao Yanxiu , Sun Huaming , Gao Ziwei
Published: January 2025

A catalytic system for the in situ formation of a half-zirconocene catalyst under mild conditions for N-acylpyrazoles synthesis.
Modulation of the mechanism of action of antibacterial silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes by variation of the halide ligand
Authors: Esarev Igor V. , Ott Ingo
Published: January 2025

The halide ligand of silver N-heterocyclic carbene complexes governs their antibacterial activity and mechanism of action.
Recyclable and air-stable colloidal manganese nanoparticles catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkenes with tertiary silane
Authors: Katayama Nobuki , Tabaru Kazuki , Nagata Tatsuki , Yamaguchi Miku , Suzuki Takeyuki , Toyao Takashi , Jing Yuan , Maeno Zen , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Watanabe Takeshi , Obora Yasushi
Published: January 2025

The manganese nanoparticles we synthesized demonstrated high catalytic activity, achieving 15 800 TON in the hydrosilylation of alkenes with tertiary silanes, and remained recyclable across multiple cycles.
Scale matters: simulation of nanoscopic dendrite initiation in lithium solid electrolyte interphases using a machine learning potential
Authors: Tawfik Sherif Abdulkader , La Linh , Nguyen Tri Minh , Tran Truyen , Gupta Sunil , Venkatesh Svetha
Published: January 2025

Simulations of large models of lithium solid state electrolytes reveal possible nanoscopic mechanisms for dendrite formation.
Sr4GaNbO8:Mn4+: a novel perovskite-structured red-emitting phosphor for a luminescence lifetime thermometer with good relative sensitivity and repeatability
Authors: Huang Zhenyu , Li Kai , Zhang Zhiyu , Liu Jianing , Zhu Daiman
Published: January 2025

A new type of niobate perovskite structure Sr4GaNbO8:Mn4+ has been prepared by us, which is different from previous perovskite compounds and has excellent relative and absolute sensitivities as well as good repeatability.
Superbubbles as the source of dynamical friction: Gas migration, and stellar and dark matter contributions
Authors: Kipper Rain , Vurm Indrek , Triantafyllaki Aikaterini Niovi , Tenjes Peeter , Tempel Elmo
Published: January 2025

The gas distribution in galaxies is smooth on large scales, but is usually time-dependent and inhomogeneous on smaller scales. The time-dependence originates from processes such as cloud formation, their collisions, and supernovae (SNe) explosions, which also create inhomogeneities. The inhomogeneities in the matter distribution give rise to variations in the local galactic gravitational potential, which can contribute to dynamically coupling the gas disc to the stellar and the dark matter (DM) components of the galaxy. Specifically, multiple SNe occurring in young stellar clusters give rise to superbubbles (SBs), which modify the local acceleration field and alter the energy and momentum of stars or DM particles traversing them, in broad analogy to the dynamical friction caused by a massive object. Our aim is to quantify how the acceleration field from SBs causes dynamical friction and contributes to the secular evolution of galaxies. In order to assess this, we constructed the time-dependent density modifications to the gas distribution that mimics a SB. By evaluating the acceleration field from these density modifications, we were able to see how the momentum or angular momentum of the gas hosting the SBs changes when stars pass through the SB. Combining the effects of all the stars and SBs, we constructed an empirical approximation formula for the momentum loss in homogeneous and isotropic cases. We find that the rate at which the gas disc loses its specific angular momentum via the above process is up to 4% per Gyr, which translates to under one-half of its original value over the lifetime of the disc. For comparison, the mass transfer rate from SBs is about one order of magnitude less than from gas turbulence, and hence the SB contribution should be included to account for the gas migration rate more accurately than 10%. Finally, we studied how the dynamical coupling of the gas disc with the DM halo depends on assumptions on the halo kinematics (e.g. rotation) and found a ∼0.3% variation in the gas disc secular evolution between different DM kinematic models.
Genetic diversity and differentiation of cultured Nile tilapia populations from Ethiopia revealed by ddRAD-seq: implications for better hatchery management
Authors: Geletu Temesgen Tola , Tang Shoujie , Zhao Jinliang
Published: January 2025

Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, is a center of native Nile tilapia populations, which are important for conservation and aquaculture development. Nile tilapia aquaculture in Ethiopia is dominated by small-scale fish farming in ponds, with seeds from poorly managed hatcheries and wild sources. Hence, the development of aquaculture in Ethiopia faces a major hurdle owing to the absence of good-quality seeds, largely because of the lack of genetic management practices within hatchery centers. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and differentiation among farmed Nile tilapia populations to inform genetic management strategies and support the development of robust strains for aquaculture advancement. Using ddRAD-seq technology for SNP discovery, we assessed genetic diversity metrics across three farmed populations, Sebeta, Batu, and Aweday, comprising 20, 21, and 15 individuals, respectively. Expected heterozyosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho) and nucleotide diversity (π) estimates indicated moderate within-population genetic diversity (mean: He = 0.24, Ho = 0.25, π = 0.25). Pairwise FST values revealed the highest genetic distance (FST = 0.067) between Batu and Aweday populations, while the lowest genetic distance (FST = 0.027) was observed between Sebeta and Aweday populations. STRUCTURE analysis identified two genetic clusters, with the first cluster including Batu individuals and some from Sebeta and Aweday. Overall, our results show moderate within-population genetic variation and weak genetic differentiation among the populations. This study underscores the importance of documentation of broodstock backgrounds and formulation of reasonable hatchery practices to assist in aquaculture development and conservation of native genetic resources in Ethiopia.
The role of GLASS (global health through sustainable antimicrobial resistance surveillance) in combatting antimicrobial resistance: Challenges and strategies
Authors: Kusuma Ikhwan Yuda , Octaviani Peppy , Nurkholis Fiqih , Prabandari Rani , Derek Reynaldi , Sariati Yuseva
Published: January 2025

With an estimated 1.27 million fatalities per year and the potential to undermine vital medical treatments, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious danger to world health. The Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS), which was created by the World Health Organization in 2015 to address this issue, standardized AMR monitoring globally. The application of GLASS throughout Africa, the Americas, and Asia is examined in this review, with a focus on how it has improved clinical treatment, strengthened national monitoring systems, and encouraged antibiotic stewardship. Through a standardized methodology, GLASS has strengthened global AMR responses by supporting robust infection prevention programs, optimizing antibiotic use, and improving laboratory capacities. From 2017 to 2020, GLASS facilitated a 15% increase in countries reporting AMR data, demonstrating its impact on global health management. However, low- and middle-income countries face challenges such as resource limitations and system integration, hindering full implementation.Despite these barriers, GLASS has advanced sustainable AMR surveillance by promoting data consistency and innovative approaches like digital tools and capacity-building programs. Continued efforts are essential to overcome challenges and ensure the long-term success of AMR monitoring systems globally.
What drives pharmacy students’ motivation, satisfaction, and future career intentions? A nationwide study on sustainable health education in Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma Ikhwan Yuda , Zidan Muhammad Jayyid , Nurkhasanah Septi , Pujiati Afriza , Zulayta Dhiya , Alazhar Khaniva Khalilia , Nurahman Rian , Firmansyah Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The pharmacy profession plays an important role in healthcare, transitioning from a focus on compounding and administering drugs to comprehensive pharmaceutical care services. This study aimed to explore the motivation, satisfaction, and future career intentions of pharmacy students in Indonesia. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using online questionnaire among pharmacy students from the first to seventh semesters, with a total of 155 respondents from 38 Indonesian provinces. The findings revealed that most students were strongly influenced by family and career prospects in their decision to pursue pharmacy. A majority expressed satisfaction with their choice, with 81.9% proud to study pharmacy and 68.4% viewing it as a viable long-term career. Additionally, 90.3% of students showed interest in hospital pharmacy, while 72.1% aspired to work in the pharmaceutical industry or abroad. emphasize the need for enhanced career guidance and educational by curricula improvements to align student expectations with the demands of the profession. The findings highlight the importance of aligning educational programs with student expectations to maintain motivation and satisfaction in the field.
Analysis of basic hospital pricing using the unit cost double distribution method
Authors: Nurmansyah Agung , Kristianto Giovanny Bangun , Santoso Cahyo Budi , Saraswati Esti , Anggraeniko Litya Surisdani
Published: January 2025

The basic rate of a hospital is a benchmark for the sustainability of a hospital in providing services to hospital patients. Determining rates in a hospital requires a lot of consideration, many factors that become variables to be taken into account. This study aims to determine a method of determining rates that are in accordance with the needs of the hospital. This study is a descriptive study of the assessment of previous studies compared to the double distribution method. Most studies state that the ABC method is appropriate for determining hospital rates because it calculates rates based on activities in the hospital. However, with the double distribution method, it applies two stages to determine prices from work units that do not have income to the second stage, namely service units. So that the cost burden will end up in the service unit. Basically, the determination of the calculation method needs to be adjusted to the complexity of the hospital itself, because the application of costs in each has differences from one another.
Analysis of determinant factors with the severity of COVID-19 in pregnancy
Authors: Yanti Linda , Sekarini Ni Nyoman Ayu Desy , Susanti Dwi
Published: January 2025

In Indonesia as well as other countries, pregnant women are considerably more likely to have COVID-19. According to data, 1.3% of pregnant women with the infection needed mechanical breathing and intensive care unit treatment. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the association between the severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women and variables such age, gestational age, blood type, immunization status, and comorbidities. 40 pregnant women having a COVID-19 diagnosis between 2021 and 2023 were sampled for a correlational study design at a Lampung hospital. The Pearson correlation test was utilized for data analysis. The findings demonstrated a significant relationship between COVID-19 severity and gestational age, blood type, and immunization status (p-value <0.05). On the other hand, there was no statistically significant correlation between maternal age and comorbidities (p-value >0.05). Early gestational age, certain blood types (A, B, and AB), and immunization status are important factors impacting the severity of COVID-19 in pregnant women, according to the study’s findings. In order to lessen the severity of COVID-19, health care practitioners are urged to ensure that pregnant women receive vaccinations and to provide close monitoring during the first trimester of pregnancy, particularly for those with blood types A, B, or AB.
Emergency management of intracerebral haemorrhage in hypertensive, alkalotic patients: A case report
Authors: Suandika Made , Handayani Rahmaya Nova , Suryani Sekar Mutiara Triya , Kisdyanti Yuniar Melissa , Puspita Valentina Intan Ayu , Ulfah Mariah
Published: January 2025

The high incidence of neurosurgical cases involving anaesthesia poses a challenge for anaesthesiologists. This study is a type of case study with an observational descriptive design in a single case which aims to provide a holistic view and description of interventions in anaesthesia surgery with intubation. This is a case study with an novelty on the surgical management of emergency craniotomy in a patient with intracerebral haemorrhage accompanied by hypertension and metabolic alkalosis. The results obtained in the surgery of intracerebral haemorrhage patients focus on reducing intra cranial pressure, expanding the haematoma, maintaining cerebral homeostatis, managing haemodynamic stability and administering appropriate induction doses with postoperative care is monitoring propofol sedation in improving the quality of controlled sleep in the intensive care unit. The conclusion of this case study is the need for well-coordinated perioperative anaesthetic considerations in cases of intracerebral haemorrhage so that emergency craniotomy surgery can be successful and avoid excessive post-anesthetic complications.
Managerial strategies in developing healthy food product: Integrating aspect of health and food science for competitive advantage
Authors: Fitricia Grace Maria , Putri Puspita Lianti , Slamet  , Yuttama Faizal Rizky , Alfizi
Published: January 2025

The rapid growth of the healthy food products market is one of main indicators of the changing trend in food and beverage industry. People nowadays aware and more selective about their health and healthy eating habit related to healthy life style. This global awareness make influence in their decision and preference of food and beverage consumptions, finally give impact in global market for healthy food products. The trend should become main focus of the food and beverage industry to make decisions about managerial strategies for the purpose of long term and competitiveness advantage. The purpose of this research is to develop an effective managerial strategy model to support the development of healthy food products regarding of the changing trend. The methods of this research using qualitative descriptive approach which examines from the articles, global data about trend and healthy food products market, and practitioners which have experiences in developing healthy food products. Results and discussions show that integration of food science and health in developing of healthy food products is a strategic step that must be taken by food companies which can be able to meet the demand of consumers to remain relevant in competitive market. Product innovation, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and marketing strategies that emphasize consumer education have also proven to provide a significant competitive advantage.
The benefit and impact of servant leadership on organizational culture, rewards, job satisfaction, and employee performance
Authors: Handayani Rahmaya Nova , Indrayanto Adi , Arif Aryadi , Suandika Made
Published: January 2025

This research examines the influence of Servant Leadership on Organizational Culture and Rewards and its impact on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance. This research uses a survey method at PT. BTN (Persero) Tbk. with a sample of 169 respondents. The analytical tool used is Generalized Structural Component Analysis (GSCA). The main finding in this research is that Servant Leadership has an insignificant direct effect on Employee Performance but indirectly has a significantly positive effect through Organizational Culture, Rewards, and Job Satisfaction. Recommendations to PT BTN (Persero) Tbk. include improving Servant Leadership by encouraging leaders with task orientation, improving organizational culture by encouraging employee professionalism, fostering high rewards by creating a reward system, especially intrinsic rewards that are able to accommodate employees’ personal growth, increasing job satisfaction by formulating satisfaction with employee opportunities/promotions, increasing employee performance by formulating personal characteristics as the main measurement.
Knowledge and attitude factors as determinants of pregnant women’s participation in triple elimination program in North Bali
Authors: Sekarini Ni Nyoman Ayu Desy , Yanti Linda , Pratiwi Putu Irma
Published: January 2025

In 2022, Bangkalan District had the lowest basic immunization coverage in East Java, with 64.7%, compared to the statewide average of 91.7%. This low coverage, which increases the risk of morbidity and mortality, is the result of misconceptions about immunizations. The WHO reports that 1.5 million children die annually from diseases that may have been avoided if they had received the vaccination, highlighting the broader public health implications. This study looked at the socioeconomic and cultural factors influencing parents’ decisions to vaccinate their children in Bangkalan. As part of a cross-sectional study, 87 mothers of toddlers older than two years from the Blega Health Center were selected using simple random selection. Results indicated that knowledge and attitudes significantly influence participation (P-value < 0.05). Higher knowledge levels and positive attitudes toward prevention correlate with increased participation in the program. These findings highlight the need for education-based interventions to improve knowledge and address negative attitudes. Enhancing awareness is crucial to promote active participation and achieve the program’s goals in North Bali.
Bioinformatics-driven deep learning for nail disease diagnosis: A novel approach to improve healthcare outcomes
Authors: Ardianto Rian , Yusuf Dede , Sumantri Raden Bagus Bambang , Febrina Dina , Al-Hakim Rosyid R. , Ariyanto Arif Setia Sandi
Published: January 2025

In order to increase awareness of the importance of nail care in preventing disease and enhancing quality of life, this study investigates the use of convolutional neural networks, or CNNs. Onychomycosis and other nail disorders are quite prevalent worldwide and are associated with inadequate personal cleanliness. The study used a dataset of 655 nail photos that had been pre-processed to 224x224 pixel resolution and categorized into 17categories. The CNN model performed well in identifying illnesses like “Leukonychia,” achieving an overall accuracy of 83%; however, it needs to be improved for underrepresented classifications like “Pale Nail.” The study recommends data augmentation, model parameter optimization, and dataset expansion to improve accuracy. To confirm dependability in practical contexts, testing with clinical datasets is also advised. A user-friendly interface for wider accessibility is one of the future aims, which will allow for prompt and precise preliminary diagnosis. This study shows how CNN-based technologies can be used to quickly and easily identify nail disorders, improving access to treatment and preventing disease
Exploring the effect of digital applications on toddlers’ cognitive and language abilities: Frequency and duration
Authors: Juniarti Wiharti Ifta , Murniati  , Triana Noor Yunida , Putri Noor Rochmah Ida Ayu Trisno
Published: January 2025

Toddlers’ lives are increasingly reliant on digital apps, which has led to worries about how they may affect their linguistic and cognitive development. In order to help educators and caregivers promote healthy digital behaviors, this study looks at how smartphone usage length and frequency affect these skills. Purposive sampling was used to pick 37 respondents using a cross-sectional methodology and a correlational design. A questionnaire was used to gather information on smartphone usage, and the Capute Scale was used to evaluate linguistic and cognitivedevelopment. Longer smartphone use had a negative impact on cognitive development (p=0.003; CC=0.469), while higher usage frequency was associated with lower FSDQ scores (p=0.006; CC=0.444) and worse overall cognitive and language development (p=0.008; CC=0.429), according to analysis using the Rank Spearman test. This study’s result emphasizes the detrimental relationship between excessive smartphone use and developmental outcomes, emphasizing the necessity for educators and caregivers to keep an eye on students’ digital exposure. It is recommended that more study be done to examine these dynamics in a variety of populations and improve recommendations for healthy developmental practices.
A model for developing a surgical and anaesthesia safety checklist in reducing surgical morbidity and mortality: A literature review
Authors: Handayani Rahmaya Nova , AryadiA M. , Suandika Made , Yudha Magenda Bisma , Surtiningsih
Published: January 2025

Complications that often occur include patient/procedure/surgery site errors, anaesthesia equipment problems, lack of availability of necessary equipment, unexpected blood loss, unsterile equipment, and surgical objects left inside the patient. A surgical checklist can prevent errors and complications that may occur during surgery or perioperatively. The objective is to ascertain the various models of surgical and a naesthesia patient safety checklist instrument and their development. This will facilitate the improvement of compliance with critical patient care in surgical cases through the implementation of surgical and anaesthesia patient safety checklist instruments. This research is a review of related literature and a and a comprehensive study of relevant phenomena. Search and collect literature using the Google Chrome search engine with the keywords Surgical and Anesthesia Patient Safety Checklist. Selection and review adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews guidelines. The final review analysis included 25 articles that will be analysed in this review. No significant differences were found regarding morbidity, but there were complications such as infection, bleeding, stroke, and other complications. This study also found that 27.1% of patients did not receive surgical safety checklist training, highlighting the importance of training in patient safety and the use of surgical safety checklists to improve safety and effectiveness in dealing with complications and quality of care. Implementation of a surgical safety checklist increases efficiency, cost reduction, and patient safety. Evaluating and coaching patients before, during, and after procedures is critical to improving patient safety. A surgical safety checklist is important for improving quality and patient safety, but its implementation requires appropriate training programs and the development of patient safety checklists.