bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review—Development Status and Improvement Measures of Electrode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Cao Mingyang , Li Mingqiang
Published: May 2024

Zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), as an emerging low-cost and high-safety energy storge option, have the advantages of high energy and low reduction potential. With the development of high-performance cathode materials and electrolyte systems, as well as the deepening of mechanism research, the electrochemical performance of ZIBs has been greatly improved. However, the shortcomings of various materials have hindered the development of zinc ion batteries. With the deepening of research and the deepening of understanding of various materials, a brief outlook was given on the future development of electrode materials in aqueous zinc ion batteries.
Analysis and Validation of the Network Pharmacology of the Mechanism of Glycyrrhetinic Acid for the Treatment of High-Altitude Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Ainaisi Zulipiye , Tao Yang , Maimaitiyiming Dilinuer , Lei Fang , Nijiati Yiliyaer , Xijiang Liao , Aikemu Ainiwaer
Published: May 2024

Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a pentacyclic triterpene component in Glycyrrhize glabra L, it has demonstrated an inhibitive effect on high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH), but the molecular action is still not known. We aimed to explore the mechanism of GA for the treatment of HAPH based on network pharmacology and molecular docking method. Cell experiment validation was also conducted. The targets for GA were screened using the Swiss Target Prediction and Batman databases. The HAPH-related targets were obtained using the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The common targets for diseases and drugs were obtained using a Venn diagram. The core targets were screened using the String database. Then, a component-target-disease diagram and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network mutual assistance diagram were developed using Cytoscape3.9.1 software. GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using the Metascape database. Finally, molecular docking of the target and its corresponding active components were performed using Autodock software. A total of 68 common targets for glycyrrhetinic acid high-altitude pulmonary hypertension were screened out. The core targets include PTGS1, MMP1, SERPINA6, and nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), involving PPAR signal pathway, human cytomegalovirus infection, IL-17 signal pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, and other pathways. The molecular docking affinity was −8.4 kcal·mol−1 in average, indicating that GA has a good binding stability with key target proteins. In the PDGF-BB-induced PASMC proliferation model, PASMC proliferation and the p-p38, p38, p-ERK1/2, and ERK1/2 protein expression were inhibited. The pharmacological mechanism of GA for the treatment of HAPH was characterized by multi-target and multi pathway. GA may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for HAPH but still needs further in vivo/in vitro experiment.
Exosomal miR‐423‐5p Derived from Cerebrospinal Fluid Pulsation Stress‐Stimulated Osteoblasts Improves Angiogenesis of Endothelial Cells via DUSP8/ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Hailong , He Yiqun , Chen Xujun , Yang Aolei , Lyu Feizhou , Dong Youhai
Published: May 2024

Exosomes secreted from osteoblasts (OBs) can regulate the angiogenesis of endothelial cells (ECs); however, whether cerebrospinal fluid pulsation (CSFP) stress, a special mechanical stimulation, can influence the cell’s communication in the context of angiogenesis remains unknown. In this study, the effect of exosomes derived from CSFP stress‐stimulated OBs on facilitating the angiogenesis of ECs was investigated. First, OBs were cultured in a CSFP bioreactor, and exosomes derived from OBs were isolated and identified. Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, transwell migration assay, wound healing migration assay, and tube formation assay were conducted to assess the effects of CSFP stress‐stimulated OBs‐derived exosomes (CSFP‐Exos) on the angiogenesis of ECs. Then high‐throughput RNA sequencing was used to determine the miRNA profiles of Non‐CSFP stress‐stimulated OBs‐derived exosomes (NCSFP‐Exos) and CSFP‐Exos, and the luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the binging of miR‐423‐5p to DUSP8. In addition, the Matrigel plug assay was performed to explore whether exosomal miR‐423‐5p has the same effects in vivo. Our results suggested that CSFP‐Exos can promote the angiogenesis of ECs, and miR‐423‐5p was enriched in CSFP‐Exos. Moreover, miR‐423‐5p could promote the effect of angiogenesis via directly targeting dual‐specificity phosphatase 8 (DUSP8), which inhibited the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, exosomal miR‐423‐5p derived from CSFP stress‐stimulated OBs could promote the angiogenesis of ECs by the DUSP8/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Baitouweng Decoction in Bama Miniature Pigs: Implications for Clinical Application in Humans
Authors: Xu Qianqian , Gao Huilan , Zhu Fuqiang , Xu Wenliang , Wang Yubo , Xie Jinwen , Guo Guangjun , Yang Limei , Ma Li , Shen Zhiqiang , Li Jichang
Published: May 2024

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) serves as a significant adjunct to chemical treatment for chronic diseases. For instance, the administration of Baitouweng decoction (BTWD) has proven effective in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. However, the limited understanding of its pharmacokinetics (PK) has impeded its widespread use. Chinese Bama miniature pigs possess anatomical and physiological similarities to the human body, making them a valuable model for investigating PK properties. Consequently, the identification of PK properties in Bama miniature pigs can provide valuable insights for guiding the clinical application of BTWD in humans. To facilitate this research, a rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of eleven active ingredients of BTWD in plasma. Chromatographic separation was conducted using an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 C18 column and a gradient mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% acetic acid). The methodology was validated in accordance with the FDA Bioanalytical Method Validation Guidance for Industry. The lower limit of quantitation fell within the range of 0.60–2.01 ng/mL. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that coptisine chloride, berberine, columbamine, phellodendrine, and obacunone exhibited low Cmax, while fraxetin, esculin, fraxin, and pulchinenoside B4 were rapidly absorbed and eliminated from the plasma. These findings have implications for the development of effective components in BTWD and the adjustment of clinical dosage regimens.
Spatial and Temporal Characteristic Analysis and Risk Assessment of Global Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Subtype
Authors: An Qi , Li Yuepeng , Sun Zhuo , Gao Xiang , Wang Hongbin
Published: May 2024

H5N8 HPAI is a highly infectious avian disease that now poses a serious threat and potential risk to poultry farming, wild birds, and public health. In this study, to investigate the seasonality and transmission directionality of global H5N8 HPAI, the spatial and temporal analysis of H5N8 HPAI was conducted using time series decomposition and directional distribution analysis. An ecological niche model was developed for H5N8 HPAI in poultry to identify areas at high risk of H5N8 HPAI in poultry and associated risk factors. The results indicated that three global pandemics of H5N8 HPAI emerged from 2014 to 2022, all showing a southeast–northwest distribution direction. H5N8 HPAI occurred more frequently in winter and less frequently in summer. The southwestern border region and the southeastern region of North America, the southern region of South America, most of Europe, the southern border region and the northern border region of Africa, and the southwestern region and the southeastern region of Asia provide the suitable environment for the occurrence of H5N8 HPAI in poultry. Chicken density, duck density, population density, bio1 (annual mean temperature), and land cover were considered important variables for the occurrence of H5N8 HPAI in poultry. This study can help optimize the use of resources and provide new information for policymakers to carry out prevention and control efforts.
CNFA: ConvNeXt Fusion Attention Module for Age Recognition of the Tangerine Peel
Authors: Deng Fuqin , Li Junwei , Fu Lanhui , Qin Chuanbo , Zhai Yikui , Wang Hongmin , Yi Ningbo , Li Nannan , Lam TinLun
Published: May 2024

Xinhui tangerine peel has valuable medicinal value. The longer it is stored in an appropriate environment, the higher its flavonoid content, resulting in increased medicinal value. In order to correctly identify the age of the tangerine peel, previous studies have mostly used manual identification or physical and chemical analysis, which is a tedious and costly process. This work investigates the automatic age recognition of the tangerine peel based on deep learning and attention mechanisms. We proposed an effective ConvNeXt fusion attention module (CNFA), which consists of three parts, a ConvNeXt block for extracting low-level features’ information and aggregating hierarchical features, a channel squeeze-and-excitation (cSE) block and a spatial squeeze-and-excitation (sSE) block for generating sufficient high-level feature information from both channel and spatial dimensions. To analyze the features of tangerine peel in different ages and evaluate the performance of CNFA module, we conducted comparative experiments using the CNFA-integrated network on the Xinhui tangerine peel dataset. The proposed algorithm is compared with related models of the proposed structure and other attention mechanisms. The experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm had an accuracy of 97.17%, precision of 96.18%, recall of 96.09%, and F1 score of 96.13% for age recognition of the tangerine peel, providing a visual solution for the intelligent development of the tangerine peel industry.
Soybean Saponin Content Detection Based on Spectral and Image Information Combination
Authors: Sun Hongmin , Meng Xifan , Han Yingpeng , Li Xiao , Li Xiaoming , Li Yongguang
Published: May 2024

Soybean saponin is a natural antioxidant and is anti-inflammatory. Hyperspectral analysis technology was applied to detect soybean saponin content rapidly and nondestructively in this paper. Firstly, spectral preprocessing methods were studied, and standard normal variable (SNV) was used to remove noise information. Secondly, a two-step hybrid variable selection approach based on synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLS) and iteratively retains informative variables (IRIV) was proposed to extract characteristic variables. Then, the ensemble learning model was constructed by back propagation neural network (BPNN), deep forest (DF), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and extreme gradient boosting (EXG). Finally, image information was combined into spectral data to improve model accuracy. The prediction coefficient of determination (R2) of the final model reached 0.9216. It can provide rapid, nondestructive, and accurate detection technology of soybean saponin content. A combination of spectral and image information will provide a new idea for application of hyperspectral.
Synthesis of Stable and Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution: Hierarchical NiMo‐Based Hollow Nanotubes
Authors: Singu Bal Sydulu , Mandal Debasish , Sim Jae Eun , Kim Hansung
Published: May 2024

Large‐scale development of low‐cost, efficient, and stable powder electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solutions is a key step toward commercial hydrogen production. Herein, a hierarchical NiMo‐MoO3-x hollow nanotube (NiMo‐MoO3-x‐HNT) with bifunctional groups as an efficient HER electrocatalyst was strategically invented using an MoO3 nanorod (MoO3−NR) as the precursor. The synthesis mechanism of the NiMo‐MoO3-x‐HNT is established based on in‐depth investigations using diffraction, spectral, and microscopy results. Experimental results suggest that the NiMo‐MoO3-x‐HNT exhibits excellent electrocatalytic HER performance in 1 M KOH, with a low overpotential of 26.5 mV@10.0 mA cm-2 and a small Tafel slope of 32.6 mV dec–1. These values are comparable to those of cutting‐edge electrocatalysts based on platinum‐group metals. Moreover, it exhibits an almost unaffected cyclic stability over 50,000 cycles and robust durability over 98 h. This remarkable performance is attributed to its bifunctional groups and the porous hierarchical hollow nanotubular morphology. In summary, this study proposes a novel, efficient, and cost‐effective strategy for the development of noble metal‐free, high‐performance HER electrocatalysts.
Dietary Oryzanol (Ory) Improved the Survival and Growth of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Larvae via Promoting Activities of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant Capacity, and Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Wang Yuntao , Zhang Jianmin , Liu Jiahui , Liu Yongtao , Huang Wenxing , Yao Chuanwei , Mai Kangsen , Ai Qinghui
Published: May 2024

A feeding study lasting 30 days was carried out to determine the effects of dietary Oryzanol (Ory) on the survival, growth, antioxidant capacity, peptic enzymes, as well as lipid metabolism of Larimichthys crocea larvae (11.87 ± 0.59 mg) using four different Ory concentrations in microfeed formulations (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg), all preserving isolipidic (18.25% crude lipid) and isonitrogenous (52.08% crude protein) conditions. Results revealed that larvae given 40 and 80 mg/kg Ory revealed markedly higher survival rates; in particular, the 80 mg/kg Ory larvae exhibited a considerably higher specific growth rate than the control. Furthermore, the 80 mg/kg dietary Ory resulted in increased peptic enzyme activity, indicating heightened digestive capabilities of larvae. Meanwhile, Ory supplementation at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg also increased antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels, indicating an enhanced antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the incorporation of 20 and 40 mg/kg Ory demonstrated efficacy in enhancing the lipid metabolism of the larvae. This was evident in the reduction of triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the larval visceral mass, attributed to the downregulation of genes that participate in lipid synthesis, and the upregulation of genes associated with lipid catabolism. Overall, the study suggests that the addition of Ory (ranging from 40 to 80 mg/kg) significantly improves both survival and developmental aspects, possibly mediated by enhanced digestion and antioxidative effects, alongside the induction of lipid metabolism in Larimichthys crocea larvae.
The Performance of Spot Photoscreener in 6 to 10 Weeks Infants in China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Yaoling , Li Jing , Wang Huiyu , Du Mingyang , Wei Lirong , Su Teng , Ding Gang , Qian Xuehan , Hua Ning
Published: May 2024

Purpose. To compare the refractive errors measured by the Spot photoscreener (with or without cycloplegia) to cycloplegic retinoscopy in 6- to 10-week-old infants. Materials and Methods. 101 right eyes from 101 healthy infants aged 6 to 10 weeks were recruited for this cross-sectional observational study. Refractive errors were measured using Spot photoscreener before and after cycloplegia, as well as cycloplegic retinoscopy. Comparisons between the refractive measurements were performed using one-way ANOVA with the post hoc Tukey HSD test or Kruskal–Wallis test with the Steel–Dwass test according to the data normality. Pearson’s correlation test and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The agreement was evaluated using a Bland–Altman plot with 95% limits of agreement of the differences. Results. Spot photoscreener was found to underestimate the spherical equivalent by 2.33 Diopters (D) in these infants. Following the induction of cycloplegia, the spherical equivalent measured by Spot photoscreener was in excellent agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy with the mean difference of 0.01 D. Spot photoscreener overestimated cylindrical parameter by 0.2 D with poor agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy no matter whether cycloplegia was induced. It had good agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy in the J0 vector than the J45 vector measurement. Conclusions. With the induction of cycloplegia, Spot photoscreener can accurately evaluate spherical equivalent in hyperopic infants with mild-to-moderate astigmatism. While it may provide valuable measurements of astigmatism, discrepancies in cylinder and axis should be taken into account.
A Sparse CoSaMP Channel Estimation Algorithm With Adaptive Variable Step Size for an OFDM System
Authors: Xiaoling Ning , Yangyi Chen , Linsen Zhang
Published: May 2024

Compressive sampling matching pursuit (CoSaMP), as a conventional algorithm requiring system sparsity and sensitive to step size, was improved in this paper by approximating the sparsity with adaptive variable step size. In the proposed algorithm (CoSaMP with variable step size abbreviated as Vss-CoSaMP), the idea of approximating sparsity with adaptive step size was borrowed from the sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) algorithm to determine the sparsity for the CoSaMP algorithm. The applicability of the CoSaMP algorithm was therefore expanded considerably. On this basis, a step size reduction was added as the iteration termination condition of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. An adaptive variable step size algorithm was then put forward to address the CoSaMP algorithm’s sensitivity to step size. It could realize the required precision at different initial step sizes. A simulation was carried out to analyze the influence of pilot number and step size in an OFDM system on the algorithm. The algorithms, including SAMP, CoSaMP, and Vss-CoSaMP, were compared with two sparse channels, revealing that the Vss-CoSaMP algorithm overcame the problem of the CoSaMP algorithm, that is, the impossibility to forecast the channel sparsity. With the adaptive step size, the proposed algorithm could reach and achieve better accuracy than the CoSaMP algorithm. Additionally, the proposed algorithm was superior over the SAMP algorithm in terms of reconstruction, mean square error (MSE), and bit error ratio (BER).
Analysis of the Dynamical Properties of Discrete Predator‐Prey Systems with Fear Effects and Refuges
Authors: Li Wei , Zhang Chunrui , Wang Mi
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the dynamic behavior of a particular category of discrete predator‐prey system that feature both fear effect and refuge, using both analytical and numerical methods. The critical coefficients and properties of bifurcating periodic solutions for Flip and Hopf bifurcations are computed using the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. Additionally, numerical simulations are employed to illustrate the bifurcation phenomenon and chaos characteristics. The results demonstrate that period‐doubling and Hopf bifurcations are two typical routes to generate chaos, as evidenced by the calculation of the maximum Lyapunov exponents near the critical bifurcation points. Finally, a feedback control method is suggested, utilizing feedback of system states and perturbation of feedback parameters, to efficiently manage the bifurcations and chaotic attractors of the discrete predator‐prey model.
Epiretinal Membrane Formation following Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Popovic Marko M. , Berinstein Jenna M. , Franco Jovany , Zhou Henry W. , Sharma Sohat , Wu Frances , Muni Rajeev , Kim Leo
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for epiretinal membrane (ERM) formation following primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. Methods: This comparative, retrospective, single-center cohort study included eyes with primary RRD treated between 2011 and 2023 at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckle (SB), PPV+SB, or pneumatic retinopexy (PnR). Demographic, clinical, and surgical parameters were collected from medical records. The primary outcome was the risk of ERM formation, while the secondary outcome was the risk of ERM requiring surgery. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression were performed, and a hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were reported. Results: Overall, 394 eyes were included. The mean age was 58.49 ± 12.8 years, and most patients were male. There was a significantly lower risk of ERM formation following SB compared to PPV in the univariable analysis (HR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.08–0.60, p = 0.003); however, there was no significant association between treatment modality and ERM formation on multivariable Cox regression controlling for confounding factors (p = 0.24). ERM formation was found more commonly in patients who were older (HR = 1.0 per 1 year increase in age, 95% CI = 1.01–1.04, p = 0.001), those with worse baseline visual acuity (HR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.09–1.71, p = 0.008), and those with macula-off RRDs (HR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.41–3.32, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Surgical modality does not have a significant impact on the risk of ERM following retinal detachment repair. However, age, baseline visual acuity, and macular status are important predictors of ERM formation after RRD repair.
Rare MED12L Variants Are Associated with Susceptibility to Guttate Psoriasis in the Han Chinese Population
Authors: Wu Kejia , Wang Wanrong , Cheng Qianhui , Xiao Duncheng , Li Yunxiao , Chen Mengyun , Zheng Xiaodong
Published: May 2024

Introduction: According to the common disease/rare variant hypothesis, it is important to study the role of rare variants in complex diseases. The association of rare variants with psoriasis has been demonstrated, but the association between rare variants and specific clinical subtypes of psoriasis has not been investigated. Methods: Gene-based and gene-level meta-analyses were performed on data extracted from our previous study data sets (2,483 patients with guttate psoriasis and 8,292 patients with non-guttate psoriasis) for genotyping. Then, haplotype analysis was performed for rare loss-of-function variants located in MED12L, and protein function prediction was performed for MED12L. Gene-based analysis at each stage had a moderate significance threshold (p < 0.05). A χ2 test was then conducted on the three potential genes, and the merged gene-based analysis was used to confirm the results. We also conducted association analysis and meta-analysis for functional variants located on the identified gene. Results: Through these gene-level analyses, we determined that MED12L is a guttate psoriasis susceptibility gene (p = 9.99 × 10−5), and the single-nucleotide polymorphism with the strongest association was rs199780529 (p_combine = 1 × 10−3, p_meta = 2 × 10−3). Conclusions: In our study, a guttate psoriasis-specific subtype-associated susceptibility gene was confirmed in a Chinese Han population. These findings contribute to a better genetic understanding of different subtypes of psoriasis.
M6A RNA Methylation-Mediated Dysregulation of AGAP2-AS1 Promotes Trastuzumab Resistance of Breast Cancer
Authors: Cai Yangjun , Zheng Haihong , Xu Dong , Xie Jingjing , Wang Weiwen , Liu Zhiwei , Zheng Zhongqiu
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Trastuzumab is commonly used to treat human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer, but its efficacy is often limited by chemotherapy resistance. Recent studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in tumor progression and response to therapy. However, the regulatory mechanisms associating lncRNAs and trastuzumab resistance remain unknown. Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of related genes. Western blot and immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate protein expression levels. A series of gain- or loss-of-function assays confirmed the function of AGAP2-AS1 in trastuzumab resistance, both in vitro and in vivo. RNA immunoprecipitation and pull-down analyses were conducted to verify the interaction between METTL3/YTHDF2 and lncRNA AGAP2-AS1. Results: AGAP2-AS1 was upregulated in trastuzumab-resistant cells and SKBR-3R-generated xenografts in nude mice. Silencing AGAP2-AS1 significantly decreased trastuzumab-induced cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, m6A methylation of AGAP2-AS1 was reduced in trastuzumab-resistant cells compared to that in parental cells. In addition, METTL3 increased m6A methylation of AGAP2-AS1, which finally induced the suppressed AGAP2-AS1 expression. Moreover, YTHDF2 was essential for METTL3-mediated m6A methylation of AGAP2-AS1. Functionally, AGAP2-AS1 regulated trastuzumab resistance by inducing autophagy and increasing ATG5 expression. Conclusion: we demonstrated that METTL3/YTHDF2-mediated m6A methylation increased the expression of AGAP2-AS1, which could promote trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer. AGAP2-AS1 regulates trastuzumab resistance by inducing autophagy. Therefore, AGAP2-AS1 may be a promising predictive biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with breast cancer.
Low Inter-Rater Reliability and Reproducibility of Neck Reflex/“Adler-Langer” Points in Neural Therapy Diagnostics but Increased Pressure Pain Threshold after Therapy: Results of a Randomized Controlled Observer-Blind Trial
Authors: Choi Kyung-Eun , Grünert Jan , Werner Marc , Cramer Holger , Anheyer Dennis , Dobos Gustav , Saha Felix J.
Published: May 2024

Background: Neck reflex points or Adler-Langer points are commonly used in neural therapy to detect so-called interference fields. Chronic irritations or inflammations in the sinuses, teeth, tonsils, or ears are supposed to induce tension and tenderness of the soft tissues and short muscles in the upper cervical spine. The individual treatment strategy is based on the results of diagnostic Adler-Langer point palpation. This study investigated the inter- and intra-rater reliability and explored treatment effects. Methods: We performed a randomized controlled trial with 104 inpatients (80.8% female, 51.8 ± 12.74 years) of a German department for internal and integrative medicine. Patients were randomized to individual neural therapy according to the pathological findings (n = 48) or no treatment (n = 56). In each patient, three experienced raters (20–45 years of experience in neural therapy) and two novice raters (medical students) rated Adler-Langer points rigidity on a standardized rating scale (“strong,” “weak,” “none”). The patients independently evaluated the tenderness on palpation of the eight points using the same scale. Pressure pain thresholds were assessed at the eight Adler-Langer points. All patients were retested after 30 min. The five raters were blinded to treatment allocation and assessments of the other raters. Video recordings were obtained to assess the consistency of the areas tested by the different raters. Results: Agreement between patients and raters (Cohen’s kappa = 0.161–0.400) and inter-rater reliability were low (Fleiss kappa = 0.132–0.150). Moreover, the individual agreement (pre-post comparisons in untreated patients) was similarly low even in experienced raters (Cohen’s kappa = 0.099–0.173). Video documentation suggests that raters do not place their fingers in the correct segments (percentage of correct position: 42.0–60.6%). Pressure pain thresholds at five of the eight Adler-Langer points showed significant changes after treatment compared to none in the control group. Conclusion: Under this artificial experimental setting, this method of Adler-Langer point palpation has not proven to be a reliable diagnostic tool. But it could be shown that, as claimed by the method, the tenderness in five of eight Adler-Langer points decreased after neural therapy.
The Caregiver Burden of Helmet Therapy following Endoscopic Strip Craniectomy: A Phenomenological Qualitative Study
Authors: Ebeye Tega , Hussain Ayeh , Brennan Erin , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Forrest Christopher R. , Riesel Johanna N.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This cohort study aimed to elucidate the caregiver burden of helmet therapy (HT), following endoscopic strip craniectomy (ESC) to treat craniosynostosis, in an effort to inform clinicians and future caregivers navigating this therapeutic option. Methods: Fourteen caregivers of children with positional plagiocephaly (6) and craniosynostosis treated by ESC (8) undergoing HT at a single center were recruited via convenience sampling. Using a phenomenological qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted to understand the experience of HT for caregivers. Data collection and analysis were iterative and conducted until thematic saturation was reached. Results: Emerging themes revealed five domains of caregiver burden: emotional, cognitive, physical, psychosocial, and financial. No caregiver felt the therapy was too burdensome to complete. Caregivers of both groups also expressed positive aspects of HT related to support from the team, the noninvasive nature of treatment, and the outcomes of therapy. Furthermore, caregivers report overall satisfaction with the process, stating willingness to repeat the treatment with subsequent children if required. Conclusion: HT is associated with five major domains of caregiver burden; however, none of the caregivers regret choosing this treatment option, nor was the burden high enough to encourage treatment cessation. This study will inform future prospective analyses that will quantify real-time caregiver burden throughout HT.
Franklin Leopoldo e Silva: o Filósofo e o Professor
Authors: Giacoia Junior Oswaldo
Published: May 2024

In this paper I develop a reflection on Franklin Leopoldo e Silva's work and performance as a philosopher and as an educator, based on the study of his writings and personal contact with the author.
A importância e a fecundidade de Bergson: intuição e discurso filosófico e de “Reflexão e Existência” para minha compreensão da obra bergsoniana
Authors: Pinto Tarcísio Jorge Santos
Published: May 2024

This article is fundamentally based on two seminal texts by Franklin Leopoldo e Silva that represent an essential contribution in my philosophical path and especially in the understanding that I have developed and continue to develop of Bergsonian philosophy. In my view, such texts illuminate, like few great texts, Bergson's originality, importance and potency for contemporary thought. In dialogue with these two texts, I associate, predominantly, texts by Bergson himself and other texts by Leopoldo e Silva, trying to point out, from there, the value of their philosophies in our formation by integrating thought, life and history.
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair With the MitraClip Device for Prior Mitral Valve Repair Failure: Insights From the GIOTTO‐FAILS Study
Authors: Giordano Arturo , Ferraro Paolo , Finizio Filippo , Corcione Nicola , Cimmino Michele , Biondi‐Zoccai Giuseppe , Denti Paolo , Rubbio Antonio Popolo , Petronio Anna Sonia , Bartorelli Antonio L. , Mongiardo Annalisa , Giordano Salvatore , De Felice Francesco , Adamo Marianna , Montorfano Matteo , Baldi Cesare , Tarantini Giuseppe , Giannini Francesco , Ronco Federico , Monteforte Ida , Villa Emmanuel , Ferrario Maurizio , Fiocca Luigi , Castriota Fausto , Squeri Angelo , Tamburino Corrado , Bedogni Francesco
Published: May 2024

Background

Minimally invasive mitral valve repair has a favorable risk–benefit profile in patients with significant de novo mitral regurgitation. Its role in patients with prior mitral valve repair is uncertain. We aimed to appraise the outcome of patients undergoing transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) with prior transcatheter or surgical mitral valve repair (SMVR).

Methods and Results

We queried the Italian multicenter registry on TEER with MitraClip, distinguishing naïve patients from those with prior TEER or (SMVR). Inhospital and long‐term clinical/echocardiographic outcomes were appraised. The primary outcome was the occurrence of death or rehospitalization for heart failure. A total of 2238 patients were included, with 2169 (96.9%) who were naïve to any mitral intervention, 29 (1.3%) with prior TEER, and 40 (1.8%) with prior SMVR. Several significant differences were found in baseline clinical and imaging features. Respectively, device success was obtained in 2120 (97.7%), 28 (96.6%), and 38 (95.0%,
P
=0.261) patients; procedural success in 2080 (95.9%), 25 (86.2%), and 38 (95.0%;
P
=0.047); and inhospital death in 61 (2.8%), 1 (3.5%), and no (
P
=0.558) patients. Clinical follow‐up after a mean of 14 months showed similar rates of death, cardiac death, rehospitalization, rehospitalization for heart failure, and their composite (all
P
>0.05). Propensity score–adjusted analysis confirmed unadjusted analysis, with lower procedural success for the prior TEER group (odds ratio, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.09–0.81];
P
=0.019) but similar odds ratios and hazard ratios for all other outcomes in the naïve, TEER, and SMVR groups (all
P
>0.05).

Conclusions

In carefully selected patients, TEER can be performed using the MitraClip device even after prior TEER or SMVR.
To Stay or to Leave: The Role of School, Family, and Prosocial Goals in Migration Intentions of Russian High School Students
Authors: Gordeeva Tamara O. , Sychev Oleg A. , Kornienko Dmitry S. , Rudnova Natalia A. , Dedyukina Marfa I.
Published: May 2024

Background. Migration intentions are extremely common among modern youth practically all around the globe. They do not always result in actual migration, but they should definitely be considered as an important indicator for the society, since the potential loss of the most valuable human resources entails long-term consequences for the development of a country or region. This study aims to examine the system of psychological factors that determine the desire of young people to stay in their region. It also addresses the previously discovered paradoxical association between migration intentions and subjective well-being. Objective. To analyze the psychological determinants of the intention not to leave the home region, and its association with relationship satisfaction, personal goals, subjective well-being, and academic achievement of high school students. Design. The cross-sectional study design was used. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among Russian high school students from urban and rural schools (N = 5,635). Results. The study found that the most important psychological predictors of the intention to stay, to study, and work in their home city/region are community contribution goals and psychological factors that characterize the immediate social environment, which include satisfaction with school and teachers, and family support. Controlling for these variables, migration intentions do not correlate with subjective well-being. Conclusion. These findings suggest that considering the quality of interpersonal relationships allows deepening the understanding of migration intentions sources of high school students. The study also contributes to understanding the complex relationship among migration intentions, subjective well-being, and academic achievement.
The inscitia rei publicae ut alienae in the Preface to Tacitus’ Histories Revisited
Authors: Wang Zhongxiao
Published: May 2024

In this article, I aim to challenge previous interpretations of the phrase inscitia rei publicae ut alienae in Tacitus’ Histories 1.1.1, offering a new reading which has been overlooked in Tacitean scholarship. I argue that this phrase reflects Tacitus’ criticism of Augustan historians, who, in distancing themselves from the state, were no longer concerned with state affairs and abandoned historical writing. I trace parallels between Hist. 1.1.1 and Ann. 1.1.2, arguing that both texts refer synchronously to imperial historiography’s decline, which suggests that the inscitia rei publicae ut alienae emerged at the midpoint of Augustus’ reign. The rules that Augustus implemented to enforce the quorum for the senatorial assembly and the penalties imposed for absenteeism in 9 BC offer compelling evidence in support of this interpretation.
Can EU Law Be Used to Challenge Better Regulation Practices That Do Not Lead to Better Health?
Authors: Bartlett Ollie
Published: May 2024

Legislation produced under the EU Commission’s Better Regulation Agenda sometimes fails to achieve the Treaty obligation to ensure a high level of health protection in all EU policies and activities. Public health advocates have raised the question of whether EU law can be employed to challenge this apparent breach of Treaty obligations at the proposal preparation stage, compelling the Commission to amend prospective EU legislation so that it better protects health. This article will demonstrate that unfortunately this is not possible due to the justiciability of both Article 168 TFEU and the Better Regulation Agenda. However, this awareness can help public health advocates to re-focus their efforts on strategies that will likely have a greater impact in swaying the direction of EU health policy.
Shrewdness and Coup d’œil: The Cognitive Attributes of the Consummate General (Greek Antiquity, Byzantine Era, Modern Times)
Authors: Rapin Ami-Jacques
Published: May 2024

This article tests Everett Wheeler’s hypothesis that the Greek concept of ankhínoia finds its equivalent in the 18th-century military writers’ notion of the coup d’oeil by comparing treatises on the art of war written in the two periods. After highlighting the different meanings of the coup d’oeil in 18th -century military terminology, Carl von Clausewitz’s approach is examined in his new conceptual way.
Liberal Convergence or Differential Exclusion? Temporary Labor Migration Policy in Japan and Korea
Authors: Istad Felicia , Shah Sardar Ahmed
Published: May 2024

The rapid industrialization of countries in East Asia and the resulting labor shortage are challenging established theories in research on migration policy. Studies argue that the persistence of temporary labor migration programs in this region contests the liberal convergence thesis, which suggests that democratization inevitably leads to more open migration policies. This article revisits the theoretical debate, focusing on conceptual equivalence across time and space. In a comparative policy study of Japan and Korea, we examine the development of two temporary labor migration programs (the Specified Skilled Worker program and the Employment Permit System). Our findings demonstrate how migration policies alternately intersect and diverge throughout time and across policy dimensions. The article contributes to comparative research in migration policy by highlighting the significance of historically informed and empirically equivalent analysis of migration policies.
Assessing the Political Clout of Thailand’s “Monarchized” Military in 2023
Authors: Chambers Paul
Published: May 2024

Since 1980, Thailand’s monarchy and military have enjoyed a partnership of power with the latter as a junior affiliate — a highly “monarchized military.” However, after 1992, direct military influence across the country diminished, and after the 2006 and 2014 coups, the military regained enormous clout. The country’s post-2019 facade democracy represents the continuation of a tutelary regime involving palace-endorsed military intervention in politics and apparent electoral governance. However, the armed forces-influenced government faces growing domestic challenges. This study examines Thailand’s military in late 2023. 2023 was profoundly significant because a new civilian government entered office that year, which might challenge monarchy-military primacy. The study chiefly asks: To what extent has the monarchy-military partnership clothed itself under the appearance of democracy (while indirectly interfering in it) to sustain its power, and what are the principal challenges this partnership faces? The study finds that in late 2023, Thailand remained a façade democracy, characterized by electoral authoritarianism and lorded over by monarchy and military — a situation the two institutions preferred to maintain.
When personalism matters: Nuclear latency and conflict propensity
Authors: Kim Yu Bin
Published: May 2024

While some scholars conclude that there is a positive relationship between the possession of nuclear latency and the initiation of international conflict, others conclude that there is no relationship between them. As such, these findings are in need of reconciliation, but there have been almost no scholarly efforts to do so. In this article, I argue and find that latent nuclear states with personalist authoritarian regimes are more likely to initiate international conflict than those with other types of regimes (i.e. both democratic regimes and nonpersonalist authoritarian regimes). My finding indicates that not only personalist regimes drive the positive relationship between nuclear latency and conflict initiation, but also inconclusive findings in previous studies stem from an oversight of the variation in the level of personalism across latent states.
Supporting Victims of Sexual Assault: The Effect of “Real Rape Mythology” and “Worthy Victim” Stereotypes on Police Decisions Regarding Service Referral and Advocate Involvement in Sexual Assault Cases
Authors: Goodson Amanda , Franklin Cortney A. , Garza Alondra D. , Bouffard Leana A.
Published: May 2024

Police undertake a range of decisions following a sexual assault disclosure. Research has not examined the decision to provide service referral information or engage a victim advocate during the formal response. This study used a purposive sample of 436 sexual assault police case files from a large, urban agency to understand how “real rape” mythology and “worthy victim” schemata affected these decisions. Three multivariate binary logistic regression models revealed that visible victim injury and case classifications of family violence increased responding officer service referral. Investigator service referral decreased when victims were women of Color but increased when cases had greater evidentiary strength. Increased victim resistance strategies, training, and investigator service referral increased advocate involvement. Implications and future research are discussed.
LGBTQ+ Hate Crimes: Understanding Victim Reasons for Non-Reporting
Authors: Jachimowski Kayla G. , Pinskey Carley , Donate Gianna
Published: May 2024

Matthew Shepard became a symbol of LGBTQ+ hate crimes and the lack of legislation surrounding the topic in 1998. Despite the length of time which has passed, Nolan et al. and Pezzella et al. cite a significant concern in the continued underreporting of hate crimes and the discrepancy between federal crime reports. By analyzing data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), Concatenated File, 1992 to 2021, this study focused on unreported LGBTQ+ hate crimes; specifically hate crimes based on sexual orientation. The findings, obtained through descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression, highlight the significance of police perceptions and victim-offender relationships as predictors of non-reporting, with policing perception being the strongest factor.
Generational differences in work attitudes: The role of union instrumentality and socioeconomic status
Authors: Jung Heungjun , Shin Minju
Published: May 2024

Although the work attitudes of new generations entering the labor market are significantly different from those of previous generations, whether these different attitudes are due to generational or age effects is unclear. This study analyzes the work attitudes of different generations of young adults of the same age using data from the 2006 and 2019 Korean Workplace Panel Surveys. The results show that millennials and Generation Z, the young adults in 2019, are less satisfied with their jobs and less committed to their organizations than Generation X, the young adults in 2006. Second, millennials and Generation Z have higher union instrumentality than Generation X, which, in turn, is positively associated with job satisfaction. Finally, perceived current socioeconomic status exacerbates the negative relationship between cohorts and job satisfaction, whereas perceived future improvement in socioeconomic status mitigates the negative relationship between cohorts and job commitment. The authors discuss the findings as they relate to economic disadvantages, including fewer opportunities in the labor market for new generations.
Labor Skills and Income Smoothing
Authors: Jung Boochun , Kim Tae Wook , Noh Minyoung , Park You-il (Chris)
Published: May 2024

We examine whether labor skills affect managers’ income-smoothing activities. We hypothesize firms that rely on skilled labor have greater incentives to smooth earnings to reduce labor turnover and facilitate replacements. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find that firms’ labor skills are positively associated with managers’ income-smoothing activities. Leveraging the staggered rejection of the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine (IDD) by 16 U.S. states, which exogenously increases external job opportunities for high-skill employees, we find that the positive relation between labor skill and income smoothing is stronger for firms in the IDD rejection states. Our results are also stronger during nonrecession periods characterized by higher differential costs of turnover between high-skill and low-skill employees and robust to controlling for employees’ education. The mechanism for the positive relation between labor skills and income smoothing is attributable to the higher cost incurred by firms in the turnover of high-skill labor compared with low-skill labor and is consistent with the information-garbling story. Furthermore, we show that future employment volatility decreases with income smoothing. Collectively, our findings are consistent with the view that income smoothing stabilizes skilled workers’ employment by reducing turnover and facilitating the hiring of replacements.

JEL classification: J24; G30; M41; M54.
Understanding Knowledge Sharing From an Identity-Based Motivational Perspective
Authors: Burmeister Anne , Song Yifan , Wang Mo , Hirschi Andreas
Published: May 2024

Research typically adopted a social exchange perspective to suggest that employees share their knowledge with coworkers to reciprocate prior positive treatment to return the favor. We challenge this dominant focus on external motivational sources and adopt an identity-based motivational perspective. Our theorizing is grounded in identity theory and recognizes knowledge-sharing identity centrality as an internal source of motivation for knowledge sharing. We also decipher how employees express their knowledge-sharing identity centrality through self-regulatory mechanisms by incorporating key premises from social cognitive theory. Specifically, we argue that knowledge-sharing identity centrality triggers a self-verification process that facilitates knowledge sharing through knowledge-sharing envisioning and knowledge-sharing self-efficacy. We further argue that the positive effects of knowledge-sharing identity centrality are strengthened by employee self-verification striving. We adopted a multistudy design and conducted two studies to understand why, how, and when employees share knowledge. Specifically, in a within-person field experiment (Study 1), we showed that improving knowledge-sharing identity centrality increased an employee’s daily knowledge sharing via knowledge-sharing envisioning and knowledge-sharing self-efficacy. In a between-person field study with time-lagged data (Study 2), we replicated the within-person findings and further demonstrated self-verification striving as a moderator strengthening the effects of knowledge-sharing identity centrality. Our findings advance research on employee knowledge-sharing motivation, unveiling the internal identity-driven motivation processes. We further provide practitioners with an effective knowledge-sharing intervention.