bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model systems of protein-misfolding diseases reveal chaperone modifiers of proteotoxicity
Authors: Brehme Marc , Voisine Cindy
Published: August 2016

Chaperones and co-chaperones enable protein folding and degradation, safeguarding the proteome against proteotoxic stress. Chaperones display dynamic responses to exogenous and endogenous stressors and thus constitute a key component of the proteostasis network (PN), an intricately regulated network of quality control and repair pathways that cooperate to maintain cellular proteostasis. It has been hypothesized that aging leads to chronic stress on the proteome and that this could underlie many age-associated diseases such as neurodegeneration. Understanding the dynamics of chaperone function during aging and disease-related proteotoxic stress could reveal specific chaperone systems that fail to respond to protein misfolding. Through the use of suppressor and enhancer screens, key chaperones crucial for proteostasis maintenance have been identified in model organisms that express misfolded disease-related proteins. This review provides a literature-based analysis of these genetic studies and highlights prominent chaperone modifiers of proteotoxicity, which include the HSP70-HSP40 machine and small HSPs. Taken together, these studies in model systems can inform strategies for therapeutic regulation of chaperone functionality, to manage aging-related proteotoxic stress and to delay the onset of neurodegenerative diseases.
Comparação do nível de atividade física medido por acelerômetro e questionário IPAQ em idosos
Authors: Torquato Edna , Gerage Aline , Meurer Simone , Borges Rossana , Silva Mônica , Benedetti Tânia
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o nível de atividade física (AF) medido por acelerômetro e questionário IPAQ em idosos. A amostra foi composta por 103 idosos (acima de 60 anos), de ambos os sexos, cadastrados em Centros de Saúde da regional Norte e Leste de Florianópolis – SC, Brasil. O IPAQ (domínio lazer, versão longa) foi respondido com base em uma semana habitual. O acelerômetro (Actigraph, modelo GT3X e GT3X+) deveria ser usado durante sete dias consecutivos, sendo considerados como dados válidos, no mínimo, 10 horas de uso em, pelo menos, quatro dias (um de final de semana). Comparando a AF mensurada pelo IPAQ e pelo acelerômetro, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na amostra geral, independente do sexo. Quanto à classificação geral em ativos e inativos, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante quando confrontada a classificação a partir dos minutos em AF moderada/vigorosa dados pelo IPAQ e pelo acelerômetro (33% ativos vs. 48,5%, respectivamente, P = 0,009). Não foram identificadas diferenças na classificação obtida pelo IPAQ e pelo acelerômetro, quando a caminhada foi incluída (44,7% ativos vs. 48,5%, respectivamente, P = 0,618). Na estratificação por sexo, houve diferenças significantes quando a caminhada não foi incluída apenas nas mulheres. Desta forma, conclui-se que, em idosos, há concordância entre a atividade física medida pelo IPAQ e pelo acelerômetro. Em idosas, a caminhada reportada no IPAQ deve ser considerada no cálculo dos minutos despendidos em AF moderadas/vigorosas, se a mesma for percebida nestas intensidades.
When deep vein thrombosis occurs in the upper limb
Authors: Porteous Mark , Thachil Jecko
Published: August 2016

Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis is a relatively rare condition which has thus far not attracted much interest in the literature. The differences in its aetiopathology, different diagnostic modalities and the current standard of care are discussed in this article.
Smartphone and mobile phone security for the clinician
Authors: Barber Harry
Published: August 2016

Smartphones are near ubiquitous and widely used by doctors in discussing patients. In all communication doctors should take steps to protect confidentiality, yet there is a paucity of available information on how clinicians can bolster cyber security and minimize risk when using their mobile phone.
The Effect of Packaging, Freezing Method, and Thawing Method on the Quality Properties of Blanched Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott Stem
Authors: Park Dong Hyeon , Lee SangYoon , Kim Ha Yoon , Seo Jae-Hee , Lee Jiseon , Kim Soojin , Shin HyeRim , Choi Mi-Jung
Published: August 2016

In the food industry, freezing storage has been an important process for maintaining the properties of food materials. In order to maintain the quality of blanched Colocasia esculenta (L.), Schott stem, packaging, freezing, and thawing methods were optimized by determinations of the physicochemical properties. For the comparison of packaging method, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott stem packed by air containment had the lowest significant differences of properties such as hardness and drip loss compared to the control samples. Overall, the drip loss of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott stem had lower value at fast freezing rate (immersion freezing). Considering the result of the drip loss, high frequency thawing was more effective than other thawing methods. Therefore, it was supposed that samples treated by air-containing packaging, immersion freezing, and high frequency thawing used the optimal method to maintain the original quality of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott stem.
Method Validation for the Analysis of Loganin Content in Cornus officinals Depends on Cultivation Regions
Authors: Jang Da eun , Lee Sang Hoon , Hwang In Guk , Song Jin , Hwang Kyung-A
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the method validation for the determination of loganin content in Cornus officinalis (CO). This medicinal plant reportedly mainly included loganin. The specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), and quantification (LOQ) were measured by HPLC/DAD. Our results showed that high linearity in the coefficient of calibration correlation (R2) for loganin standard was 1. LOD and LOQ for loganin were 0.007 and 0.026 mg/mL, respectively. The recovery rate of loganin was revealed to be in the high range of 95.14-105.45%. The relative standard deviation of intra- and inter-day precision of loganin in CO was 1.8% and 2.3%, respectively. The loganin content of CO from Gurye, Uiseng, Ichoen, and China were 7.81, 3.41, 7.42, and 6.52 mg/g, respectively. In conclusion, these methods were validated for the detection of loganin in CO.
Current challenges to and for public service media
Authors: Lowe Gregory Ferrell
Published: August 2016

Esta comunicação aborda uma variedade de desafios que se colocam aos Media de Serviço Público a partir do ambiente exterior e também à própria instituição. O autor defende a continuidade da relevância do ideal, da abordagem e da prática de serviço público nos media, enquanto reconhece uma variedade de críticas legítimas e concorda com a importância do setor comercial privado. Assim, as linhas de argumentação são, simultaneamente, uma defesa e uma crítica aos media de serviço público. Os aspetos mais importantes incluem a proliferação de plataformas e canais, a fragmentação de audiências, a mudança geracional, o desenvolvimento na tecnologia e na infraestrutura digitais, as premissas ideológicas da vida sociopolítica, as condições económicas, a sustentabilidade e a prestação de contas. O texto termina com três recomendações que o autor sugere como prioridades para Público na Europa: 1) a necessidade de articular uma visão clara, convincente e atraente para a empresa do século xxi, 2) a necessidade de decidir o que os Media de Serviço Público vão ser e fazer e não fazer e ser a partir da sua herança da era da radiodifusão e 3) investir capital e esforço no desenvolvimento de organizações mais inclusivas e colaborativas.
Foyos, P. (2014). O “Grande Jornalzinho” da Rua dos Calafates. Lisboa: Prelo.
Authors: Figueira João
Published: August 2016

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-6019_2_16
O “Public Service Media”, a RTP e os desafios da Era Digital
Authors: Cádima F. Rui
Published: August 2016

Num contexto de crise económica e de depressão do mercado publicitário – e, portanto, de dificuldades acrescidas para os operadores privados de televisão –, a função complementar e “reguladora” do Public Service Media (PSM), designadamente no setor da televisão aberta, vê-se inevitavelmente reforçada. Neste contexto, espera-se do PSM não só um forte compromisso com uma programação que espelhe a identidade, a diversidade e a herança cultural europeia de um modo geral, mas também a garantia de uma informação rigorosa e independente, focada no pluralismo da diversidade das vozes, da política à economia e à cultura. O papel dos meios públicos deve ainda recentrar- se em torno da dimensão das novas literacias mediáticas e das novas competências digitais no atual contexto da cultura das redes, contribuindo, assim, também para satisfazer as necessidades democráticas, sociais e culturais da sociedade nas respetivas plataformas online.
Early allergy symptoms in infants aged 0-6 months on breast milk substitutes
Authors: Safri Mulya , Putra Aulia Rahman
Published: August 2016

Background Atopic diseases are common in children and a serious health problem worldwide. Atopic dermatitis, food allergies, asthma and allergic rhinitis, have been described as the natural progression of allergic diseases, also known as the “allergic march”. Cow’s milk protein is known to be a common trigger of food allergies and hypersensitivity reactions during infancy. Objective To give an overview of the breast milk substitutes (BMS) and incidence of early allergy onset (allergic march) in atopic infants aged 0-6 months. Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 40 atopic infants collected by consecutive sampling. A questionnaire was used for interview that inquired information on the type of BMS used, initial allergy complaints, the age of the emergence of early allergic symptoms, and the breakdown for BMS type. Univariate analysis was carried out to describe their characteristics as frequency distributions and percentages of each variables. Results Atopic dermatitis and wheezing were more common in boys (62.5%). Atopic dermatitis was the most common initial symptom to occur in atopic infants (52.5%). Atopic dermatitis and wheezing occurred together in 27.5% subjects. Early allergy symptoms that first occurred at the age of 1 month were seen in 42.9% for atopic dermatitis category, 37.5% for wheezing category, and 63.6% for both symptoms category, respectively. Cow’s milk was the most common type of BMS given to atopic infants in the first 6 months of life (47.5%). Conclusion Early symptoms of allergies, such as atopic dermatitis and wheezing, are more common in boys than girls. Atopic dermatitis is the most common early symptom to arise, but both symptoms occur at an early age, often during the first month of life.
Effect of phototherapy with alumunium foil reflectors on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Dachlan Tony Ijong , Yuniati Tetty , Sukadi Abdurachman
Published: August 2016

Background Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) is one of the most common problems in neonates, but it can be treated with blue light phototherapy. Developing countries with limited medical equipment and funds have difficulty providing effective phototherapy to treat NH, leading to increased risk of bilirubin encephalopathy. Phototherapy with white reflecting curtains can decrease the duration of phototherapy needed to reduce bilirubin levels. Objective To compare the duration of phototherapy needed in neonates with NH who underwent phototherapy with and without aluminum foil reflectors. Methods This open clinical trial was conducted from July to August 2013 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were term neonates with uncomplicated NH presenting in their first week of life. Subjects were randomized into two groups, those who received phototherapy with or without aluminum foil reflectors. Serum bilirubin is taken at 12th, 24th, 48th hours, then every 24 hours if needed until phototherapy can be stopped according to American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. The outcome measured was the duration of phototherapy using survival analysis. The difference between the two groups was tested by Gehan method. Results Seventy newborns who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had similar characteristics were randomized into two groups. The duration of phototherapy needed was significantly less in the group with aluminum foil reflectors than in the group without reflectors [72 vs. 96 hours, respectively, (P<0.01)]. Conclusion The required duration of phototherapy with aluminum foil reflectors is significantly less than that of phototherapy without reflectors, in neonates with NH.
Linear growth patterns in small for gestational age and preterm infants after zinc supplementation
Authors: Setiawan Caecilia Nancy , Sarosa Gatot Irawan , Setiawati Mexitalia
Published: August 2016

Background Low birth weight (LBW) infants are at risk for growth disturbances due to intrauterine zinc deficiency. Zinc supplementation is expected to improve the linear growth of LBW babies. Objective To assess the effect of zinc supplementation on linear growth in preterm and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Methods This quasi-experimental study had a pre- and post-test design. Subjects were LBW infants hospitalized in Kariadi Hospital during March-December 2011, consisted of SGA and preterm neonates. All subjects were given 5 mg of zinc syrup daily for 3 months. Subjects’ head circumference, weight, and length were measured monthly. Serum zinc levels were measured before and after supplementation. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test, independent T-test, and general linear model repeated measure. Results A total of 61 subjects were enrolled consisted of 31 preterm and 30 SGA neonates. Mean serum zinc levels in the preterm group were 168.2 (SD 54.5) μg/dL pre-supplementation and 163.6 (SD 50.7) μg/dL post-supplementation (P=0.049), while mean serum zinc levels in the SGA group were 174.8 (SD 46.6) μg/dL pre-supplementation and 167.4 (SD 49.4) μg/dL post-supplementation (P=0.271). Median percentage preterm weight and length increased from 87.3 to 102.4% in the third month (P<0.001) and from 95.8 to 103.9% in the third month (P<0.001), respectively. Median percentage SGA weight and length increased from 73.5 to 98.3% in the third month (P<0.001) and from 94.5 to 102.2% in the third month (P<0.001), respectively. Conclusion Both, the preterm and SGA infants exhibit catch-up growth after three months of zinc supplementation. [
Association between passive smoking and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with household TB contact
Authors: Zuliartha Novaily , Daulay Ridwan M. , Deliana Melda , Dalimunthe Wisman , Daulay Rini Savitri
Published: August 2016

Background Tuberculosis (TB) and cigarette consumption are relatively high in Indonesia. Passive smoking may increase the risk of infection and disease in adults and children exposed to TB. An association between passive smoking and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children has not been well documented. Objective To assess for an association between passive smoking and M. tuberculosis infection in children who had household contact with a TB patient. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in February and March 2011. Children aged 5 to 18 years who had household contact with a TB patient underwent tuberculin testing for M. tuberculosis infection. Subjects were divided into two groups: those exposed to passive smoke and those not exposed to passive smoke. Chi-square test was used to assess for an association between passive smoking and M. tuberculosis infection. Results There were 140 children enrolled in this study, with 70 exposed to passive smoke and 70 not exposed to passive smoke. Prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection was significantly higher in the passive smoking group than in those not exposed to passive smoke [81.4% and 52.9%, respectively, (P= 0.0001)]. In the passive smoking group there were significant associations between nutritional state, paternal and maternal education, and M. tuberculosis infection. But no associations were found between M. tuberculosis infection and familial income or BCG vaccination. Conclusion Among children who had household contact with a TB patient, they who exposed to passive smoke are more likely to have M. tuberculosis infection compared to they who not exposed to passive smoke.
Quantitative NS1 antigen and the severity of dengue virus infections
Authors: Purnami Ni Made Adi , Juffrie Mohammad , Utama Made Gde Dwi Lingga
Published: August 2016

Background Dengue infection is one of the main cause ofmorbidity and mortality in children in Indonesia. Since it is knownthat earlier treatment and supportive therapies can decreased casefatality rate from dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), identificationof children who have risks to develop to DHF must be quicklyidentified, mainly in areas of endemic.Objective To find a correlation between increased quantitativesecreted nonstructural protein-1 (sNS1) with clinical course ofsevere dengue infections.Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted on childrenwith dengue infections in Tropical Infections Division of ChildHealth Department, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Detection ofthe dengue antigen was made by examining sNS1 quantitativeimmuno-assay. Analysis correlation of Spearman test was used tolook the relationship between increased quantitative sNS1 withclinical course of severe dengue infections.Results There was a positive relationship between quantitativesNS1 and clinical course of severe dengue infections with a valueof r = 0.903, P=0.001. Increased sNS1 level had a positivecorrelation with more severe dengue infections.Conclusions Quantitative sNS1 titer has a strong positivecorrelation with clinical course of severe dengue infections.
A fixed point theorem in Euclidean buildings
Authors: Cornut Christophe
Published: August 2016

We establish a fixed point theoremfor a certain type of non-expandingmaps in Euclidean buildings, which is inspired by a theorem of Laffaille in p-adic Hodge theory [10, Theorem 3.2].
Thermal Defects of Avionic Turbojet Engines
Authors: Szczepankowski Andrzej , Szymczak Janusz
Published: August 2016

The paper analyzes the most frequent reasons associated with operation of avionic turbojet engines (ATE) and leading to initiation of thermal defects affecting turbine units. These reasons are illustrated with examples of gradual deteriorations revealed on surfaces of turbine parts and subassemblies and defected during endoscopic examinations of propelling drives. Attention is paid to various design and technological improvements that are implemented to counteract such deteriorations. The analysis is focused on mistakes that are committed during operation, repairs or manufacturing of avionic turbojet engines and that may affect safety of aircraft operations.
On an Extension Problem for Contractive Block Hankel Operator Matrices
Authors: Fritzsche Bernd , Hirstein Bernd , Lorenz Jürgen
Published: August 2016

The paper deals with an operator extension problem for contractive block Hankel operators which arose in the context of the operator version of the classical Nehari interpolation problem. V.M. Adamjan, D.Z. Arov, and M.G. Krein [5] obtained that the solution set of this operator extension problem is an operator ball. Hereby, they constructed the parameters of this operator ball via a regularization procedure using the corresponding expressions of the first studied nondegenerate case. The main aim of this paper is to derive more explicit formulas for the parameters of this operator ball. Hereby we use Moore-Penrose inverses of bounded linear operators in Hilbert space.
Borsuk’s antipodal fixed points theorems for compact or condensing set-valued maps
Authors: Altwaijry Najla , Chebbi Souhail , Hammami Hakim , Gourdel Pascal
Published: August 2016

We give a generalized version of the well-known Borsuk’s antipodal fixed point theorem for a large class of antipodally approachable condensing or compact set-valued maps defined on closed subsets of locally convex topological vector spaces.
These results contain corresponding results obtained in the literature for compact set-valued maps with convex values.
Association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the FABP4 Gene with Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality in Holstein Bulls
Authors: Ardicli Sena , Samli Hale , Alpay Fazli , Dincel Deniz , Soyudal Bahadir , Balci Faruk
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to characterize the bovine fatty acid binding protein (FABP4) gene 3691G>A and 2834C>G polymorphisms and to evaluate interaction effects on the live weight, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Holstein bulls in the South Marmara region of Turkey. A total of 400 Holstein bulls grown on a private farm and slaughtered at 14-21 months of age, were randomly selected for use in this study. Initially, genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP method and statistical analysis was carried out using least square methods of the GLM procedure. A SNP located in intron 1 (2834C>G) was associated with desirable increases in live weight, hot carcass weight and chilled carcass weight, and a SNP located in exon 3 (3691G>A) was associated with significant increases in marbling scores and first compressive stress point of the longissimus

dorsi muscle (P<0.05). The interaction analysis of the 3691G>A and the 2834C>G polymorphisms revealed significant effects for hot carcass weight, chilled carcass weight and backfat thickness (P<0.05). There were no significant associations between the SNPs and carcass measurements. Results indicated that the FABP4 3691G>A and 2834C>G polymorphisms and the 3691G>A and 2834C>G interactions can be used as selection parameters in breeding programmes to improve meat yield and carcass characteristics.
Embryo quality predictive models based on cumulus cells gene expression
Authors: Devjak R , Burnik Papler T , Verdenik I , Fon Tacer K , Vrtačnik Bokal E
Published: August 2016

Since the introduction of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in clinical practice of infertility treatment, the indicators for high quality embryos were investigated. Cumulus cells (CC) have a specific gene expression profile according to the developmental potential of the oocyte they are surrounding, and therefore, specific gene expression could be used as a biomarker. The aim of our study was to combine more than one biomarker to observe improvement in prediction value of embryo development. In this study, 58 CC samples from 17 IVF patients were analyzed. This study was approved by the Republic of Slovenia National Medical Ethics Committee. Gene expression analysis [quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)] for five genes, analyzed according to embryo quality level, was performed. Two prediction models were tested for embryo quality prediction: a binary logistic and a decision tree model. As the main outcome, gene expression levels for five genes were taken and the area under the curve (AUC) for two prediction models were calculated. Among tested genes, AMHR2 and LIF showed significant expression difference between high quality and low quality embryos. These two genes were used for the construction of two prediction models: the binary logistic model yielded an AUC of 0.72 ± 0.08 and the decision tree model yielded an AUC of 0.73 ± 0.03. Two different prediction models yielded similar predictive power to differentiate high and low quality embryos. In terms of eventual clinical decision making, the decision tree model resulted in easy-to-interpret rules that are highly applicable in clinical practice.
T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in macedonian patients with Nijmegen breakage syndrome
Authors: Kocheva SA , Martinova K , Antevska-Trajkova Z , Coneska-Jovanova B , Eftimov A , Dimovski AJ
Published: August 2016

Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) is a rare autosomal recessive chromosomal instability disorder characterized by microcephaly, immunodeficiency, radiosensitivity and a very high predisposition to malignancy. The gene responsible for the disease, NBS1, is located on chromosome 8q21 and encodes a protein called nibrin. After identification of the gene, a truncating 5 bp deletion, 657-661delACAAA, was identified as the disease-causing mutation in patients with the NBS. In this report, we describe two patients with NBS and T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma in a Macedonian family. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first family with NBS reported from Macedonia. Both children presented with microcephaly, syndactyly and the development of T cell lymphoblastic lekemia/lymphoma at the age of 7 and 10 years, respectively. The molecular analysis of NBS1 genes in our patients showed homozygosity for the 657del5 mutation in the NBS1 gene. The parents were heterozygotes for the 657del5 mutation and they had no knowledge of a consanguineous relationship. The first child was treated with the International Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM)-Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) protocol and achieved a complete remission that lasted for 21 months. Subsequently, he developed a medullar relapse with hyperleukocytosis and died due to lethal central nervous system (CNS) complications. The second child was treated according to the International Collaborative Treatment Protocol for Children and Adolescents with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia 2009 (AIOP-BFM ALL 2009) protocol. Unfortunately, remission was not achieved.
In vivo degradation of binary magnesium alloys – a long-term study
Authors: Myrissa Anastasia , Martinelli Elisabeth , Szakács Gábor , Berger Leopold , Eichler Johannes , Fischerauer Stefan F. , Kleinhans Claudia , Hort Norbert , Schäfer Ute , Weinberg Annelie M.
Published: August 2016

Bioresorbable magnesium materials are widely investigated because of their promising properties as orthopedic devices. Pure magnesium (99.99%) and two binary magnesium alloys (Mg2Ag and Mg10Gd) were used to investigate the degradation behavior, the bone adherence and bone-implant interface mechanics of these materials in growing Sprague-Dawley
Comparison of Beam-Forming and Relaying in Sparse Sensor Networks
Authors: Mikuláš Krebs
Published: August 2016

This study focuses on the differences in power consumption between beam-forming and relaying data transmission methods in a sparse wireless ad-hoc network. These two methods are observed for the same parameters using an identical network topology in a simulation programme that was developed as a part of this study.

This paper introduces the reader the background of sensor networks and exposes the aims of this study and methods used to simulate these networks. Finally, the results of a simulation are analysed and the two methods are compared, followed by the conclusion of the study and the project itself.
Synthesis and properties of well-defined carbazole-containing fluorescent star polymers of different arms
Authors: Mao Tengfei , Gou Yanzi , Wang Jun , Wang Hao
Published: August 2016

A series of fluorescent carbazole-containing star polymers with different arms were successfully synthesized using 9-(4-vinylbenzyl)9H-carbazole (VBCz) as monomer and multifunctional bromide as initiators via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The effect of the poly(9-(4-vinylbenzyl)-9H-carbazole) (PVBCz) star polymer architecture on their optical and electrochemical properties was investigated. All of the PVBCz star polymers absorbed light in the range of 280–360 nm both in solution and as polymer films. Meanwhile, the star polymers exhibited maximum fluorescent emission at 350 nm in solution, while at 406 nm as films. Moreover, the star polymers with different arm numbers showed different photoluminescence quantum efficiency and highest and lowest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO, LOMO, respectively) energy levels. It is proved that the PVBCz star polymers exhibited different photoelectronic properties by varying the molecular architectures.
The effect of the biostimulator Goteo on the rooting of ninebark stem cuttings
Authors: Pacholczak Andrzej , Nowakowska Karolina , Mika Natalia , Borkowska Monika
Published: August 2016

As a consequence of restrictions on the use of preparations containing synthetic auxins in nursery production, there is a necessity to replace them with more environmentally friendly biopreparations efficiently stimulating plant growth. The aim of the presented experiment was to compare the effects of the synthetic auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and the biostimulator Goteo on the rooting of ninebark stem cuttings (Physocarpus opulifolius ‘Dart’s Gold’ and ‘Red Baron’) and to get some insight into the latter’s mechanisms of action in plants. Applications of the biostimulator Goteo produced comparable or slightly weaker effects compared to the treatments with IBA. Goteo stimulated elongation in new growth of cuttings when applied in watering or two-fold spraying methods. Application of the biostimulator resulted in increased levels of chlorophyll, soluble sugars and indole derivatives, while the contents of free amino acids and polyphenolic acids decreased. The above results indicate that, if necessary, Goteo may replace the synthetic auxin IBA in the propagation of ninebark in the future.
Comparison of the ability of mammalian eEF1A1 and its oncogenic variant eEF1A2 to interact with actin and calmodulin
Authors: Novosylna Oleksandra , Doyle Annette , Vlasenko Dmytro , Murphy Mark , Negrutskii Boris , El’skaya Anna
Published: August 2016

The question as to why a protein exerts oncogenic properties is answered mainly by well-established ideas that these proteins interfere with cellular signaling pathways. However, the knowledge about structural and functional peculiarities of the oncoproteins causing these effects is far from comprehensive. The 97.5% homologous tissue-specific A1 and A2 isoforms of mammalian translation elongation factor eEF1A represent an interesting model to study a difference between protein variants of a family that differ in oncogenic potential. We propose that the different oncogenic impact of A1 and A2 might be explained by differences in their ability to communicate with their respective cellular partners. Here we probed this hypothesis by studying the interaction of eEF1A with two known partners – calmodulin and actin. Indeed, an inability of the A2 isoform to interact with calmodulin is shown, while calmodulin is capable of binding A1 and interferes with its tRNA-binding and actin-bundling activitiesin vitro. Both A1 and A2 variants revealed actin-bundling activity; however, the form of bundles formed in the presence of A1 or A2 was distinctly different. Thus, a potential inability of A2 to be controlled by Ca2+-mediated regulatory systems is revealed.
Effect of Ohmic Heating on Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, Electrical and Physicochemical Properties of Fresh Tender Coconut Water
Authors: Aniesrani Delfiya D. S. , Thangavel K.
Published: August 2016

Effect of ohmic heating on polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzyme activity and the possible influence on the heating rate,electrical conductivity and physicochemical properties of tender coconut water was investigated in this study. Fresh tender coconut water was ohmically heated at voltage gradients of 15 and 20 V/cm, heating temperatures of 80, 90 and 100 °C and holding times of 0, 1.5 and 3 min. No significant changes were observed in pH, titrable acidity and color values of tender coconut water after ohmic heating. Increasing the voltage gradient from 15 to 20 V/cm and holding time from 0 to 3 min decreased the PPO activity significantly (p≤0.01) in tender coconut water. Tender coconut water heated at 80 °C at 20 V/cm for the holding time of 3 min showed the minimum residual PPO activity of 30.55±0.92 % and pink discoloration was retarded up to 7 days when stored at room temperature.
Assessment of Various Pretreatment and Extraction Methods for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf via Microstructures Analysis
Authors: See Tiam You , Tee Siau Inn , Ang Teck Nam , Chan Chung-Hung , Yusoff Rozita , Ngoh Gek Cheng
Published: August 2016

The impacts of various methods such as mechanical grinding, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and also sample pretreatments using acid and alkali on the microstructure of plant sample were studied for the extraction of bioactive compounds from Orthosiphon stamineus leaf. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the extracted sample, UAE and MAE induced significant disruption on glandular trichomes structure, which is the main site for biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. This improves the diffusion of bioactive compound and resulted in approximately 86–95 % of the total extraction yield quantified by conventional Soxhlet extraction. Chemical pretreatments generally imparted weaker microstructures disruption thus slight improvement on the extraction yields was observed. In this case, acid reagent is more suitable for the pretreatment as the presence of alkali decomposes the bioactive compounds. In a nutshell, the performance of an extraction strongly depends on its degree of disruption on the plant sample microstructure.
Choosing the Optimal Number of B-spline Control Points (Part 1: Methodology and Approximation of Curves)
Authors: Harmening Corinna , Neuner Hans
Published: August 2016

Due to the establishment of terrestrial laser scanner, the analysis strategies in engineering geodesy change from pointwise approaches to areal ones. These areal analysis strategies are commonly built on the modelling of the acquired point clouds.

Freeform curves and surfaces like B-spline curves/surfaces are one possible approach to obtain space continuous information. A variety of parameters determines the B-spline’s appearance; the B-spline’s complexity is mostly determined by the number of control points. Usually, this number of control points is chosen quite arbitrarily by intuitive trial-and-error-procedures. In this paper, the Akaike Information Criterion and the Bayesian Information Criterion are investigated with regard to a justified and reproducible choice of the optimal number of control points of B-spline curves. Additionally, we develop a method which is based on the structural risk minimization of the statistical learning theory. Unlike the Akaike and the Bayesian Information Criteria this method doesn’t use the number of parameters as complexity measure of the approximating functions but their Vapnik-Chervonenkis-dimension. Furthermore, it is also valid for non-linear models. Thus, the three methods differ in their target function to be minimized and consequently in their definition of optimality.

The present paper will be continued by a second paper dealing with the choice of the optimal number of control points of B-spline surfaces.
Comparative pre-emptive analgesic efficacy study of novel antiepileptic agents gabapentin, lamotrigine and topiramate in patients undergoing major surgeries at a tertiary care hospital: a randomized double blind clinical trial
Authors: Bhosale Uma A. , Yegnanarayan Radha , Gupta Ankush , Shah Priyank , Sardesai Shalini
Published: August 2016

Background:

Surgical injury leads to postoperative pain hypersensitivity preceded by central nervous sensitization, due to lowered pain threshold in peripheral nociceptors and increased excitability of the spinal neurons. Pre-emptive analgesia is intended to decrease pain perception and overall analgesic need by use of drug regimen seizing central nervous system sensitization before exposure to painful stimuli. Earlier, few studies support pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of novel antiepileptic agent gabapentin. But topiramate and lamotrigine though proven analgesic in animal models of chronic pain and clinical studies of gabapentin resistant neuropathic pain; literature search revealed scarce data on its pre-emptive analgesic efficacy. The present study is designed to study and compare the pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of lamotrigine, topiramate and gabapentin (as control) in postoperative pain control.

Methods:

This randomized clinical trial included 90 patients of either sex, between 18 and 70 years undergoing major surgeries. Patients were randomly allocated into control and test groups and received respective treatment 30 min before induction of anesthesia. Aldrete’s score and pain score were recorded using visual analogue scale and facial and behavioral rating scales at awakening and at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 h. Postoperative rescue analgesic consumption for 24 h was recorded. Data were analyzed using OpenEpi and SciStatCalc statistical softwares.

Results:

Significantly higher pain scores were observed in the topiramate group postoperatively for 2 h on all pain scales (p<0.05). Lamotrigine-treated patients were more comfortable throughout the study with significantly less (p<0.05) postoperative analgesic requirement comparable to gabapentin.

Conclusions:

Study results are strongly suggestive of pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of single oral dose lamotrigine comparable to gabapentin and superior to topiramate in postoperative pain control.
Influence of 1-Methylcyclopropene and ULO Conditions on Sensory Characteristics of Apple Fruit Grown in Latvia
Authors: Juhņeviča-Radenkova Karina , Radenkovs Vitalijs
Published: August 2016

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment and ultra-low oxygen (ULO) storage conditions on the sensory characteristics of apples. Two apple storage technologies were tested in this study: cold storage under traditional conditions in combination with 1-MCP treatment, and ULO storage with two different compositions of a gas mixture. Apples were stored for 6 months. After storage, the sensory characteristics were analysed. Sensory evaluation showed that storage technology affected the sensory characteristics and panelists’ acceptability. Distinctive differences were found between apples stored under controlled atmosphere and traditional conditions. Trained panelists highlighted that samples stored under controlled atmosphere had pronounced juiciness and color, while 1-MCP-treated apples stored in cold were sweeter and more aromatic. Apples of the autumn cultivar ‘Auksis’, was perceived considerably higher after harvest and before long-term storage, compared with other cultivars. During 6 months of storage in controlled atmosphere, the sensory quality of these apples remained intact. Also, the sensory quality of fruit of the winter cultivar ‘Sinap Orlovskij’ throughout 6 months of its storage in controlled atmosphere remained intact. Besides, it was noticed that apples stored in controlled atmosphere were juicier and more aromatic with intense color. There is a positive effect of 1-MCP treatment on maintenance of apple quality stored in normal atmosphere for 6 months. With regard to some quality parameters and sensory attributes, 1-MCP-treated apples stored under normal atmosphere are comparable to those stored under ULO conditions.
Safety Problems of Small Water Supply Systems
Authors: Tchórzewska-Cieślak Barbara , Pietrucha-Urbanik Katarzyna , Szpak Dawid
Published: August 2016

The paper presents issues related to risks associated with the operation of small water supply systems on the background of water consumer safety assessment made on the basis of risk analysis. Definition of water consumer safety loss as a risk associated with the water consumption of poor quality or water lack was proposed. For this purpose, a three-parameter matrix is implemented with the parameters of the probability of a representative accident scenario, the losses of the water consumers and their protection. Risk management, together with the implementation of protective barriers of small water supply system against threats is a fundamental condition for the continued operation of the system.
The Method of Identification the Failure Risk on Water Supply Networks
Authors: Tchórzewska-Cieślak Barbara , Piegdoń Izabela
Published: August 2016

Daily exploitation of the water network, collecting of data concerning the failure of water pipes and knowledge of the repair team are the basis of the data used in the process of effectively removing and identifying failures. The paper proposes a methodology to identify the risk of failure of the water supply system that uses risk indexes according to the proposed three-stage scale of risk levels. An example of application methods for the actual operational data broken down by analysis and risk assessment for bus cables and a separate analysis for the distribution network.
Issues on Vulnerability of Passenger Transportation System
Authors: Tubis Agnieszka , Werbińska-Wojciechowska Sylwia
Published: August 2016

In the presented paper, authors focus on the issues connected with passenger transportation system vulnerability assessment. Following this, in the article the main transportation system vulnerability definitions are discussed. Later, there is presented the comprehensive literature review connected with assessment methods used in the analysed research area. This gives the possibility to define the public transportation system’s vulnerability assessment as an element of process controlling performed by a carrier. Article ends with some conclusions and directions for future research.
Modelling and Simulation Characteristics of Starting System
Authors: Dziubiński Mieczysław , Plich Mieczysław , Drozd Artur
Published: August 2016

The main purpose of the work was to develop the analytical simulation model for the starting system and to verify it on the real object. The reliability analysis of the starting system connected with operating use of mechanical and electric elements has been carried out in the developed model. It was a novelty in the conducted examination to use the LabView software for the registration of electric signals (current and voltage) and mechanical ones (rotational speed and torque).
The role of the gallery in the functioning of the foggara
Authors: Remini Boualem
Published: August 2016

In this article, we have highlighted the role of the gallery to improve the flow rate of foggara. The study based on observations and use of the latest inventory data (census 1998). The gallery of foggara can be divided into two parts: drainage and transport. The “drainage” part which is located inside the aquifer occupies 2/3 of the gallery of the foggara. The “transport” part of a length equal to 1/3 of the gallery of the foggara. Knowing the operating principle of the foggara, old methods of improving the flow of foggara were proposed. These included extension of the drainage part of the gallery, strengthening the base of the sealing of the transport part of the gallery, the realization of a small foggara and digging wells downstream of the main foggara.
Operative Systems Specify to the Training in Military Pentathlon
Authors: Ene-Voiculescu Virgil , Ene-Voiculescu Carmen
Published: August 2016

Experimental realized study express a good result for sample experiment. Regarding all five statistical parameters are significant to final testing which validates the training program applied.
Determinant Analysis of External Influence on the Bulgarian National Security Policy
Authors: Krastev Krastyu Ivanov
Published: August 2016

The EU membership of Bulgaria has created new opportunities for enhancing the country’s role and prestige in the international community. Bulgaria is actively involved in the efforts to reform the world’s organisations to increase its efficiency and the further democratisation of the system of international relations. In the present paper some determinants of the external influence on the Bulgarian national security policy are analyzed and described.
The Commander as the Leader of the Modern Organization
Authors: Marczyk Maciej
Published: August 2016

The article author decided to examine leadership in the modern organization, its task and work environment and partly interactions which falls within the framework of its mission in the organization. Interesting from the point of view of leadership is there are features of the modern manager and answer the question whether they are compatible the characteristics of the commander in the army. Currently, the greatest emphasis in the organization is put on human behavior, its role and importance for the functioning of the company. Business administration is associated with a clear definition of areas in which management will move to a modern organization. The task of any manager or leader of our time is the most efficient use of these areas at maximum lowering costs. Most often in the literature, you can find information about the four types of resources: Human, Financial, Physical, Information.
Doctrinal Approachs of the Land Operations at Tactical Level
Authors: Neag Mihai-Marcel
Published: August 2016

The character of armed conflict will be further granted by the use of conventional military forces, of professionalized but high-tech armies - as it has been enshrined in recent finished confrontations as well as in the ones currently underway- the manifestation area and the intensity of the threats have extremely diversified and expanded in the context of the operational environment. This meant the need for new approaches of the specific operational framework for the conduct of military operations, with consequences for the structure of the operation of groupings of forces and the way of conducting actions.
Current status and future perspectives of circulating cell-free DNA methylation in clinical diagnostics
Authors: Dietrich Dimo
Published: August 2016

Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of malignancies and can be detected in circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) in bodily fluids, i.e. blood plasma, serum and urine. The availability of technologies that allow for an accurate and sensitive quantification of ccfDNA DNA methylation enables the precise monitoring of dynamic pathologic processes and pharmacodynamics. Recently, the first ccfDNA methylation biomarker SEPT9 received clearance by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with its intended use for blood-based colorectal cancer screening. In this review, the application of ccfDNA methylation as a biomarker for diagnosis, screening, early detection, prognosis, molecular staging, therapy response monitoring, and recurrence monitoring is discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the potential and the limitations of methylation biomarkers for the clinical management of prostate, lung, colorectal, bladder, and head and neck cancer. Current and future applications of the validated methylation biomarkers SHOX2 and SEPT9 are highlighted. Additional applications of methylation biomarkers in ccfDNA beyond cancer are discussed briefly. Furthermore, preanalytical and analytical procedures are discussed with regard to a possible implementation of ccfDNA methylation biomarkers into clinical laboratories.
Associated motion in South America: Typological and areal perspectives
Authors: Guillaume Antoine
Published: August 2016

This article investigates the recently recognized concept of
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Cylindrical Air-Heating Solar Collector
Authors: Pelece I. , Shipkovs P.
Published: August 2016

Solar energy is used not only at low latitudes, where it is available at large amounts, but also at higher latitudes, where height of sun and irradiance are significantly lower. On the other hand, the length of day at higher latitudes is longer in summer than at low latitudes, and also the path of the sun is longer.

The present research deals with seeking for new shapes of solar collectors capable of receiving more solar energy.

For designing and evaluating new shapes of solar collectors, it is necessary to have new methods for simple calculations of energy received from the sun by surface of any shape and direction. Such a method is explained in the present paper.

Based on calculations by the proposed method, a new form of solar collector – a cylindrical collector – has been worked out. This collector is intended for air heating, but main principles can also be used for water heating, and even for photovoltaics.

A cylindrical collector receives more energy in the morning and evening than a flat one, but at midday power of both collectors is equal, if effective areas are equal. Daily energy sum of the cylindrical solar collector is 1.5 times greater than that of the flat one.