bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF NEOADJUVANT THERAPY ON THE RATIO OF LYMPH NODES
Authors: CREDIDIO Laura , MARTINEZ Carlos Augusto Real , MAGRO Daniéla Oliveira , CARVALHO Rita Barbosa de , AYRIZONO Maria de Lourdes Setsuko , COY Cláudio Saddy Rodrigues
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Background: To evaluate the relationship between the ratio of affected lymph nodes (LNR) and clinical and anatomopathological variables in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma submitted or not to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Methods: The LNR was determined by dividing the number of compromised LNR by the total number of LNR dissected in the surgical specimen. Patients were divided into two groups: with QRT and without QRT. In each group, the relationship between LNR and the following variables was evaluated: degree of cell differentiation, depth of invasion in the rectal wall, angiolymphatic /perineural invasion, degree of tumor regression and occurrence of metastases. The LNR was evaluated in patients with more than 1, LNR (LNR >12) or less (LNR<12) in the surgical specimen with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The results were expressed as the mean with the respective standard deviation. Qualitative variables were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, while quantitative variables were analyzed using the Kruskal -Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The significance level was 5%. Results: We evaluated 282 patients with QRT and 114 without QRT, between 1995-2011. In the QRT Group, LNR showed a significant association with mucinous tumors (P=0.007) and degree of tumor regression (P=0.003). In both groups, LNR was associated with poorly differentiated tumors (P=0.001, P=0.02), presence of angiolymphatic invasion (P<0.0001 and P=0.01), perineural (P=0.0007, P=0.02), degree of rectal wall invasion (T3>T2; P<0.0001, P=0.02); Compromised LNR (P<0.0001, P<0.01), metastases (P<0.0001, P<0.01). In patients with QRT, LNR<12 was associated with DFS (5.889; 95%CI1.935-19.687; P=0.018) and LNR>12 with DFS and OS (17.984; 95%CI5.931-54.351; P<0.001 and 10.286; 95%CI 2.654-39.854; P=0.007, respectively). Conclusion: LNR was associated with histological aspects of poor prognosis, regardless of the use of QRT. In the occurrence of less than 12 evaluated LNR, the LNR was associated only with the DFS.
A MEDICAL AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC MANAGEMENT SURVEY IN A BRAZILIAN COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD)
Authors: LEITÃO Antônio Miguel Furtado , TABATINGA NETO José Lopes , SOUZA Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de , BRAGA Lúcia Libanez Bessa Campelo , GONDIM Francisco de Assis Aquino
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be accompanied by several neurological disorders. Since 2004, we started a Brazilian cohort to assess neuropsychiatric complications in IBD patients. Changes in therapeutic strategy and differences in the prevalence and relevance of neuropsychiatric disorders have been reported in the literature. We conducted a short patient-reported survey about the medical management of IBD (with a special focus on neuropsychiatric management) and its complications. During the enrollment period (9/1/2021 to 8/31/2022), 279 patients with IBD answered the survey (128 patients with ulcerative colitis and 151 with Crohn’s disease). This is the first medical management survey aimed to verify the level of perception of IBD patients about their neuropsychiatric conditions. We found a high prevalence of neurologic (59%), psychiatric (32%), and neuropsychiatric co-morbidities (69%). There is a marked discrepancy between the findings of neurological disorders reported in our studies over the first 10 years of the cohort in comparison with the current perception/knowledge among the patients registered in the present management survey. Patients tend to have a better understanding of central rather than peripheral nerve conditions.
BEHIND THE PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR PRESCRIPTION: AN INTERNATIONAL SURVEY ON PHYSICIAN PRACTICES AND KNOWLEDGE
Authors: PIÑERÚA-GONSÁLVEZ Jean Félix , ZAMBRANO-INFANTINO Rosanna del Carmen , ALBORNOZ-SANDOVAL Julio César , TONG-MORAO Pedro Waykin , LEÓN-HERNÁNDEZ Mariangel Nohemy , MATHEUS-ALONSO Barbara Daniela , SUÁREZ-LÓPEZ Frank , FLORES Yormalis , HIGUERA Santos Neomar , RUIZ-REBOLLO María Lourdes , SULBARAN Mariseli
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed worldwide, often resulting in their overuse. Consequently, it is essential to identify the likely causes of this overuse to facilitate their appropriate prescription. Objective: This study aims to assess physician prescribing patterns, their knowledge of PPIs, and factors affecting their knowledge. Methods: An online survey was conducted among Latin American and Spanish physicians, collecting the following data: professional information, patterns of PPI usage, familiarity with published evidence, and the management approach in three hypothetical case-scenarios. Participant knowledge was categorized as sufficient or insufficient based on the results of the case scenarios. Subsequently, subgroup analysis was performed based on physician training level, years in practice, specialty, and time since the last PPI literature review. Results: A total of 371 physicians participated in the survey. Thirty-eight percent frequently prescribe PPIs, primarily for prophylactic purposes (57.9%). Eighty percent were unfamiliar with PPI deprescribing strategies, and 54.4% rarely reviewed the ongoing indication of patients taking a PPI. Sixty-four percent demonstrated sufficient knowledge in the case-scenarios. A significant association was observed between specialty type (medical vs surgical: 69.4% vs 46.8%, P<0.001), the timing of the PPI indication literature review (<5 years vs >5 years: 71.4% vs 58.7%, P=0.010), and sufficient knowledge. Conclusion: While most participants prescribed PPIs regularly and for prophylaxis purposes, the majority were unfamiliar with deprescribing strategies and rarely reviewed ongoing indications. Sufficient knowledge is correlated with recent literature reviews and medical specialty affiliation.
EFECTO DE LA INNOVACIÓN AMBIENTAL SOBRE LA SUSTENTABILIDAD EN EL SECTOR HOTELERO
Authors: Rubio Karen Martínez , Martínez Elva Esther Vargas , Cruz Alejandro Delgado
Published: March 2024

RESUMEN Ante la creciente preocupación por la degradación ambiental en los destinos turísticos, las empresas hoteleras están implementando nuevas capacidades para contrarrestar los estragos generados y mejorar sus prácticas sustentables. El objetivo de investigación es analizar el efecto de la innovación sobre las prácticas de sustentabilidad desde un enfoque ambiental, a partir de la perspectiva de los trabajadores del sector hotelero de la Riviera Maya, México. El estudio se basa en un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, transversal y de alcance explicativo. La técnica utilizada fue la modelación de ecuaciones estructurales por mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM); con una muestra de 386 empleados de la hotelería. Los resultados evidencian que la innovación ambiental tiene un efecto significativo y positivo sobre la sustentabilidad ambiental. Se concluye que los hoteles deben orientar sus esfuerzos hacia el desarrollo e implementación de estrategias para mejorar su capacidad de innovación y sustentabilidad en términos ambientales.
Uso de psicotrópicos: usuários, prescrições e prescritores. Estudo na cidade de Mar del Plata, Argentina (2021-2022)
Authors: Bru Gabriela Silvina
Published: March 2024

Resumo Os estudos sociais sobre drogas e as pesquisas sobre a medicalização da vida permitem a concepção do uso de drogas como um dispositivo teórico-metodológico, a partir do qual se analisam transformações sociais, políticas e culturais. A pesquisa na qual este trabalho se enquadra visa problematizar o uso de drogas psicoativas por meio de uma análise interpretativa de significados e experiências de fontes primárias. Para isso, foi adotada uma metodologia qualitativa, que incluiu a realização de nove entrevistas com médicos que prescrevem psicofármacos e trabalham no campo da saúde na cidade de Mar del Plata. As conclusões incluem que, nas decisões tomadas nos tratamentos com drogas psicotrópicas, prevalece um critério centrado na viabilidade e na acessibilidade; os significados do uso de psicofármacos estão relacionados à regulação das atividades da vida diária; e há sociabilidades específicas em torno da medicação a partir da transmissão de recomendações e conhecimentos.
microRNA-486-5p Regulates DNA Damage Inhibition and Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Targeting AURKB
Authors: Sun Gaozhong , Ni Kewei , Shen Jian , Liu Dongdong , Wang Haitao
Published: March 2024

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) severely affects human health, and cisplatin (DDP) resistance is the main obstacle in LUAD treatment, the mechanism of which is unknown. Bioinformatics methods were utilized to predict expression and related pathways of AURKB in LUAD tissues, as well as the upstream regulated microRNAs. qRT-PCR assayed expression of AURKB and microRNA-486-5p. RIP and dual-luciferase experiments verified the binding and interaction between the two genes. CCK-8 was used to detect cell proliferation ability and IC50 values. Flow cytometry was utilized to assess the cell cycle. Comet assay and western blot tested DNA damage and γ-H2AX protein expression, respectively. In LUAD, AURKB was upregulated, but microRNA-486-5p was downregulated. The targeted relationship between the two was confirmed by RIP and dual-luciferase experiments. Cell experiments showed that AURKB knock-down inhibited cell proliferation, reduced IC50 values, induced cell cycle arrest, and caused DNA damage. The rescue experiment presented that high expression of microRNA-486-5p could weaken the impact of AURKB overexpression on LUAD cell behavior and DDP resistance. microRNA-486-5p regulated DNA damage to inhibit DDP resistance in LUAD by targeting AURKB, implying that microRNA-486-5p/AURKB axis may be a possible therapeutic target for DDP resistance in LUAD patients.
Groundwater flooding – a hidden hazard
Authors: Parkin Geoff
Published: March 2024

Groundwater flood forecasting and management has not yet been fully integrated with other types of flooding. Better recognition is needed of the role of groundwater and its interactions with infrastructure as part of holistic hydrological and engineering multi-source flood management.
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Study of Some Morphogenetic Traits in a Nigerian Population
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria., Jennifer Efe Jaiyeoba-Ojigho , Chris-Ozoko Lilian Ebele ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria., Mamerhi Taniyohwo Enaohwo ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria., Aforkogene Ubogu Joseph ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria., Okolie Emmanuel Ikechukwu ,   Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England., Onyesom Innocent ,   Malaria Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria.
Published: March 2024

Background: The Hardy-Weinberg (HW) equilibrium studies the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies within a population. It provides a mathematical benchmark for a population that is evolving and not evolving. Aim: This study investigated six morphogenetic traits among families in a Nigerian population using the Hardy-Weinberg principle with the aim of evaluating if the population was in HW equilibrium. Methodology: A total of 45 families comprising a father, mother and at least one offspring were conveniently sampled in Ogbe- Ijoh district in Delta State, Nigeria. Earlobe attachment, Hand clasping, Hitchhiker’s thumb, Leg folding, Morton's toe and Widow's peak were studied for their allelic and genotypic frequencies. The Chi-square test was used to analyse the association between these traits and sex, and conformance to the Mendelian inheritance pattern was evaluated with a Mendelian Chi-square. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium compared the allelic frequencies of parents with those of offspring. Results: Males had higher frequencies for attached earlobes, Morton’s toe and widow's peak (35.1, 51.9, 49.4%), while the females showed a predominance for hitchhiker's thumb, right hand clasping and leg folding (50,72.4,70.7%). There was no association between the traits and gender (p>0.05). From the Mendelian Chi-square, free earlobe, right-hand clasping, right leg folding, Morton's toe (SBt), the recessive phenotype of hitchhiker's thumb as well as widow's peak were the dominant traits in the studied population (X2 < 3.841 ). The H-W equation revealed a deviation of the offspring’s genotype from those of the parents for earlobe, hand clasping, leg folding, Morton’s toe and widow's peak (1:1:2 [1:1; 4]; 2: 1: 3 [1:1:2]; 3:1:3 [1:1:2]; 5: 1: 4 [6:1:5}; 5:1:4 [7: 1:5]). However, parental and offspring alleles were identical for hitchhiker's thumb (5:1:5 [5:1: 5]). The homozygotes for both parents and offspring outnumbered the heterozygotes for all traits (295: 245; 156: 119). Conclusion: The study showed that only the hitchhiker's thumb was in HW equilibrium, suggesting that evolution may not occur at that locus. KEYWORDS: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Mendel, Traits, Nigeria, Population.
Shewhart control charts – A simple but not easy tool for data analysis
Authors: Shper V. L. , Sheremetyeva S. A. , Smelov V. Yu. , Khunuzidi E. I.
Published: March 2024

Shewhart control charts (ShCCs) are a powerful and technically simple tool for process variability analysis. However, simultaneously, they cannot be fully algorithmized and require deep process knowledge together with additional data analysis. ShCCs are well known, though, and the number of papers is great, as well as standards on ShCCs work in most countries, there are some serious obstacles for their effective application which are not being discussed in either educational or scientific literature. Just these problems are being considered in this paper. We analyzed two sides of standard assumption about data normality. First, we discuss the widely-spread misconception that measurement data are always distribu­ted according Gauss law. Then, it is shown how the deviation from normality may impact the method of ShCCs’ constructing and interpreting. Using a specific process data, we debate on right and wrong ways to build ShCC. Further, the paper describes two new definitions of assignable causes of variation: not changing (I-type) and changing (X-type) the system. At the end, we discuss how the work with ShCCs should be organized effectively. It is outlined that creating and analyzing ShCCs is always a system question of interaction between the process and the person who tries to improve this process.
Effect of hydrogen on steels in hydrogen sulfide-containing and other environments at gas facilities
Authors: Kantyukov R. R. , Zapevalov D. N. , Vagapov R. K.
Published: March 2024

The impact of hydrogen sulfide raw materials on steel equipment and pipelines is known and is associated not only with internal corrosion processes, but also with the hydrogenation of carbon and low-alloy steels used. Penetration of hydrogen into steel can lead to the loss of its strength properties and subsequent destruction of gas pipelines operated under high pressure conditions. The manifestations of cracking characteristic of hydrogen sulfide environments, which are a consequence of the penetration of hydrogen into steel, are the most dangerous from the point of view of the safety and reliability of the operation of facilities for the production and transportation of corrosive gas. The effect of H2S on the decrease in ductility of the main types of structural steels was studied based on the results of simulation tests. The formation of blisters (bloatings) and cracks on the surface of steels due to the effect of hydrogen on steel was recorded. The study of the phase composition and properties of corrosion products was carried out in order to assess their possible influence on the processes of steel hydrogenation. The formation of evenly distributed on the surface and the densest corrosion deposits will hinder both the corrosion processes and the penetration of hydrogen into steel. A decrease in the plastic properties of steel is also observed when exposed to hydrogen, which can be transported both separately and together with methane through the main gas pipelines. The main possible means of protecting steels that are unstable to hydrogenation is the use of corrosion inhibitors. It was established that the most effective corrosion inhibitors with rational technologies of application and dosage can protect steels from penetration of hydrogen into them and their destructive effect.
Structure and its defects in additive manufacturing of stainless steels by laser melting and electric arc surfacing
Authors: Kabaldin Yu. G. , Chernigin M. A.
Published: March 2024

Currently, there is an active development and study of additive technologies. Metal 3D printing makes it possible to obtain parts and structures of complex configuration using a minimum of shaping operations, which can lead to a reduction in overall cost of the resulting products. In this paper, we studied the structure formation in manufacture of products made of stainless steels 10Cr12Ni10Ti (analogue of AISI 321) and 08Cr18Ni9 (analogue of AISI 304) by additive methods – SLM (Selective Laser Melting) and WAAM (Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing). In the course of microstructural analysis, it was found that during the manufacture of products using SLM technology, small austenitic grains oriented in the direction of heat removal are formed, and with WAAM method, austenite is formed mainly in form of dendrites. It is shown that porosity is formed during manufacture of the samples by SLM method, which is associated with non-melting of individual powder particles. When implementing additive manufacturing by WAAM (electric arc surfacing), there is no increased porosity. In the course of the study, a new defect of the structure formed during the manufacture of products by both methods was revealed – formation of interface boundaries between layers, which is associated with the technology of additive manufacturing itself. When manufacturing a WAAM product, it manifests itself more clearly than when obtaining metal by SLM. Boundaries of the surfacing rollers in the manufacture of products by SLM accumulate various intermetallides and structural defects more intensively, relative to WAAM. As a result of the small relative volume of one surfacing roller, compared with WAAM, accumulation of these defects and intermetallides can act as an effective barrier during movement of dislocations, which can lead to an increase in the strength properties of products.
Influence of copper and silicon on phase transformations in the iron – carbon system
Authors: Adilov G. , Kareva N. T. , Roshchin V. E.
Published: March 2024

To evaluate the phase and structural components of grinding media made of cast iron with a high content of copper and silicon obtained by extracting iron from copper-smelting slags, phase equilibria in the iron – carbon system were calculated with the addition of copper and silicon in various concentrations. The calculation was carried out using the ThermoCalc software package with construction of phase diagrams by the Calphad method. At the same time, temperatures of the beginning of phase transformations were estimated taking into account the presence of all thermodynamically possible phases in the system at various combinations of copper and silicon concentrations.
Experience in implementing machine learning to calculate the quality and production of agglomerate
Authors: Leont’ev A. S. , Rybenko I. A.
Published: March 2024

In 2020, EVRAZ United West Siberian Metallurgical Combine JSC (EVRAZ ZSMK JSC) completed work on the creation of a mathematical modeling system for all processing units of the metallurgical plant. During testing of the system, a high error was found in the existing factor model for predicting agglomerate production, which was developed taking into account the specific sintering rate of individual concentrates. The paper proposes the use of linear regression to predict the productivity of sintering machines, which, unlike nonlinear methods, is optimal for integration into high-performance optimization systems. A feature of the work is forecasting, taking into account the proportion of the agglomeration charge. The model was tested at EVRAZ ZSMK JSC and showed sufficient accuracy (R2 > 90). A large economic effect is expected from the model. A separate study of existing agglomerate quality forecasting systems was conducted. Machine learning (ML) methods have recently made a great contribution to the development of forecasting models used to assess the quality of the agglomerate. This is due to the fact that the sintering process is a very complex dynamic with non‒linearity and a large delay. The physico-chemical phenomena involved in this process are complex and numerous. The neural network can constantly adjust the parameters of the model to reflect changes in systemic causes. A linear method was also studied to predict the agglomerate quality. Due to the poor quality of the resulting linear model, the “random forest” machine learning method was applied. Currently, the model is being operated as part of the integrated optimization program SMM Prognoz for the entire plant. For the convenience of the user, when implementing the module, visualization of the model quality using historical data was added, as well as the statistical metrics obtained.
Investigation of performance limitations in continuous hot-dip galvanizing units associated with product defects
Authors: Ryabchikov M. Yu. , Ryabchikova E. S. , Novak V. S. , Klimenko A. E.
Published: March 2024

The goals of the work were to search and systematize the speed limits of the steel strip during hot-dip galvanizing, associated with the threat of product defects. Since speed can be combined with many other factors, this paper provides an overview of the known causes of common defects. The causes were grouped taking into account the operations of individual sections of continuous hot-dip galvanizing units. To determine the circumstances in which defects occur, a method was used that involved step-by-step stratification of retrospective data and comparison of the distribution density of influencing factors for defective and non-defective products. The method was applied in the analysis of the data on defects at the MMK Metallurgy plant in Turkey, obtained in 2020–2021. Twenty-one types of acceptable and unacceptable defects that occur during galvanizing of DX51D steel were selected for analysis. Twenty-two technological parameters were taken as factors, including the strip speed. For each selected type of the defects, a set of influencing factors is determined, and for some types of defects, the alleged causes of their occurrence are indicated. It is shown that the relationship observed for many types of defects with the strip speed can actually be caused by other factors. We determined the types of defects, the probability of which increases with an increase in the speed or the level of its change. The paper proposes measures aimed at preventing the increase in the proportion of defective products along with the performance gain.
The effects of death anxiety and social support on the preferences for care near the end of life in older adults staying at long-term care hospitals: A cross-sectional, descriptive study
Authors: Joung Ji Hun , Park Heeok
Published: March 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of death anxiety and social support on the preferences for care near the end of life in older adults staying at long-term care hospitals. By understanding these relationships among the factors, we provide crucial insights for enhancing end-of-life care with respect to patients’ end-of-life care preferences. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 155 older adults staying at long-term care hospitals participated in the study. Data collection was performed from January 9, 2023 to March 9, 2023. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of this study show that death anxiety (β=.23, p=.002), social support (β=.22, p=.003), intensive care transfer (β=.18, p=.022), and severity of illness (β=.16, p=.033) were significantly affecting factors to the care preferences near the end of life in older adults staying at long-term care hospitals. Conclusion: Understanding the end-of-life care preferences of older adults with death anxiety in long-term care hospitals is important. Expressing these preferences in a timely manner requires extensive support from patients, family, and health professionals. Developing an effective program for end-of-life care preferences is continuously needed for future studies.
Squamous Metaplasia in Colorectal Polyps
Authors:   Department of Pathology, North Florida/South Georgia Veteran Health System, Malcom Vandall Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA, Assarzadegan Naziheh , Solano Felipe J. ,   Department of Pathology, North Florida/South Georgia Veteran Health System, Malcom Vandall Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Published: March 2024

Two cases of colorectal polyps with foci of squamous metaplasia are reported. The first case showed a focus of squamous metaplasia arising within a tubular adenoma while in the second case, the squamous metaplasia arose within a polyp with focus of intramucosal adenocarcinoma.
Principles and Applications of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Microarray: A Review
Authors:   Department of Veterinary Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, P. O. Box 138, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia, Fesseha Haben , Tilahun Hiwot ,   College of Veterinary Science, Mekelle University, P. O. Box 2084, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarrays are collections of DNA probes arranged on a base pair and the latest commercialized molecular diagnostic technologies that offer high throughput results, more sensitive and require less time. It is the most reliable and widely accepted tool facilitating the simultaneous identification of thousands of genetic elements even a single gene. Microarrays are powerful new tools for the investigation of global changes in gene expression profiles in cells and tissues. The different types of DNA microarray or DNA chip devices and systems are described along with their methods of fabrication and their use. The DNA microarrays assembly process is automatized and further miniaturized. DNA microarrays are used in the search of various specific genes or in gene polymorphism and expression analysis. They will be widely used to investigate the expression of various genes connected with various diseases in order to find the causes of these diseases and to enable their accurate treatment. Generally, microarray analysis is not only applied for gene expression studies, but also used in immunology, genotyping, diagnostics and sequence analysis. Additionally, microarray technology being developed and applied to new areas of proteomics, cancer research, and cellular analysis.
Histopathologic Patterns of Oral and Maxillofacial Masses in Southwestern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Study
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), P. O. Box 5058, Jimma, Ethiopia, Belete Tewodros D.
Published: March 2024

Background Oral and maxillofacial region includes nasal cavity, sinuses, the lips, oral cavity, maxilla, mandible and the major and minor salivary glands with the overlying skin and soft tissues. This area is common site for different lesions, including the inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. Neoplastic tumors, in the area, account 5% of all human neoplasia. The distribution of these tumors’ changes with the socio-demographic change throughout the world and is not well-studied on the study area. Objectives To assess the histopathologic patterns of oral and maxillofacial masses among patients attending Histopathology Unit of Pathology Department in Jimma Medical Center from September 11, 2016 to September 10, 2021. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Three-hundred and seventy-seventh (377) oral and maxillofacial (OMF) mass samples fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data was collected by structured check list and the data was interred into Epi-data version 3.1 and transferred to statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 22 for analysis. The study was conducted from May 1, 2021 to August 30, 2021 GC. Results The age distribution of OMF masses are with minimum age value of 1-year and maximum value of 85-years and median age is 30-years. From 377 patient 194 (51.5%) were male while 183(48.5) were female with a ratio of M:F=1.06:1 showing increased male dominance. Mesenchymal tumors, other than bone tumor, have the highest number of 128 (33.9%) cases followed by surface epithelial tumors, 75(19.9%), odontogenic tumors 20(5.3%), salivary gland tumors 55(14.6%), benign cystic mass 47(12.5%), inflammatory masses 42(10.9%) and the least numbers of OMF biopsy was bone tumor with 11(2.9%) cases. From the benign tumors fibroepithelial tumor 53(22.8%) is the commonest. From the malignant tumors and from carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma 56(57.1%), is the leading. From sarcomas osteosarcoma 8(8.2%) is the commonest one. Conclusion The result of this research shows the distribution of oral and maxillofacial tumors varies with the age, sex and anatomic site of the patients. OMF mass is common on the early adult age period and the risk of malignant tumors increases in those with age ≥41-years and the commonest malignant tumor is squamous cell carcinoma but in children and adolescents’ benign tumors specially fibroepithelial polyps are the commonest with male predominance.
Mathematical analysis of the new α - difference operator with an application to prey-predator model with harvesting. Quadratic invariant
Authors: HI Abdel-Gawad , Ahmed H Abdel-Gawad
Published: March 2024

In this research paper, we introduce a novel mathematical operator known as the alpha-difference operator (α-DO) and its corresponding integral. We establish the foundational theorems related to this operator and demonstrate its applications in both linear and nonlinear dynamical equations. A key focus of our study is the application of α-DO in the context of the prey-predator model with harvesting. In the linear scenario, we derive exact solutions for the model. For the nonlinear case, we develop an iterative scheme to obtain approximate solutions. We also prove a theorem that guarantees the convergence of this scheme. We conduct a thorough investigation of the dynamical behavior of the system as the parameter varies. This is visualized through graphical representations. Our findings reveal that the system exhibits local memory, which significantly influences the evolution of the system. We observe that the α-DO is particularly effective in describing dynamical systems that undergo a change in behavior at a specific characteristic time. This is especially relevant to the system under consideration. A prime example of such a system is the Exposed-Infected-Recovery System (EIRS). Lastly, we construct the Hamiltonian function using a quadratic invariant. This provides further insights into the energy conservation and stability properties of the system. Our research opens up new insight for the application of the α-DO in various fields of science and engineering.
A note on Cardano’s formula
Authors: Dietmar Pfeifer
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we show that Cardano’s formula for the solution of cubic equations can be reduced to expressions involving only square roots of rational numbers if the real root itself is rational. MSC: 01A40
CUTAC for FFPEs v2
Authors: Henikoff Steven
Published: March 2024

For more than a century, Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) sample preparation has been the preferred method for long-term preservation of biological material. However, the use of FFPE samples for epigenomic studies has been difficult because of chromatin damage from long exposure to high concentrations of formaldehyde. Previously, we introduced Cleavage Under Targeted Accessible Chromatin (CUTAC), an antibody-targeted chromatin accessibility mapping protocol based on CUT&Tag. Here we show that simple modifications of our single-tube CUTAC protocol are sufficient to produce high-resolution maps of paused RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) at enhancers and promoters using FFPE samples. We find that transcriptional regulatory element differences produced by FFPE-CUTAC distinguish between mouse brain tumors and identifyand mapregulatory element markers with high confidence and precision, including microRNAs not detectable by RNA-seq.Our simple workflowsmakepossible affordable epigenomic profiling of archived biological samples for biomarker identification, clinical applications and retrospective studies.Version 2 includes improvements in both the on-slide and bead options and extension of the improved bead option to curls.
“The Brains Are Frozen”: Precarious Subjectivities in the Humanitarian Aid Sector in Jordan
Authors: Ronde Brigit
Published: March 2024

Under the influence of neoliberal policies and marketisation dynamics, the humanitarian sector’s labour conditions become increasingly insecure. Based on one year of fieldwork in Amman, Jordan, and interviews with 39 aid professionals, this article explores the experiences of these insecure and precarious labour conditions of national and international aid workers in Jordan. Precarity in the humanitarian field is often discussed concerning aid recipients, such as refugees. It is, however, understudied in connection to aid professionals and those providing aid and care, and there is a wider lack of research on university‐educated professionals’ experiences of precarity. In line with feminist and decolonial scholars, I understand labour as closely interconnected with other spheres of life and look at precarity through an emotional lens. I explore aid professionals’ emotions around their work conditions to come to a deeper understanding of precarious work and the difficulties of living in precarity. By taking emotions seriously, I show that they are an important yet understudied site of analysis to unravel what generates precarity for aid workers and precarity’s effects on aid workers’ lives and work. I argue that the structural conditions of their work produce precarious subjectivities, which are expressed in feelings such as frozenness, fatigue, and unsafety.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA MULHER COMO DIABÓLICA: DA CAÇA ÀS BRUXAS ÀS NARRATIVAS ORAIS
Authors: Veiga Sônia Regina Biscaia
Published: March 2024

O artigo almeja trazer conotações que a bruxa já recebeu ao longo do tempo e de como os ideais das inquisições se relacionam com as histórias de tradições orais. A pesquisa traz Federici (2017; 2019), que expõe o conceito de bruxaria criado para culpar e retirar direitos das mulheres. Também Russel e Alexander (2019), que fazem um panorama da caça às bruxas, expondo como a partir do século XV, após o lançamento de Malleus Maleficarum, começou-se uma propagação de ideias fantasiosas e de como este livro foi um grande responsável por levar centenas de mulheres à fogueira. A pesquisa traz ainda o pensamento de Grosfoguel (2016), que trata sobre os epistemicídios do século XVI, sendo um deles, as mulheres queimadas nas fogueiras. Assim, trazendo como exemplo lendas de Florianópolis, é possível perceber como as mulheres representadas no período das inquisições como seguidoras de Satã, capazes de devorar crianças, possuem as mesmas características das histórias narradas através das gerações.
“OCUPAR AS TELAS E DEMARCAR AS REDES”: JUVENTUDES INDÍGENAS E COMUNICAÇÃO DIGITAL
Authors: Esteves Lorena Cruz , Brito Rosaly De Seixas , Cal Danila , Fonseca Nathália De Sousa , Steinbrenner Rosane
Published: March 2024

Busca-se compreender os sentidos produzidos pelas juventudes indígenas sobre comunicação digital a partir de sua atuação no Acampamento Terra Livre (ATL), reconhecido como a maior mobilização indígena do Brasil e realizado, pela primeira vez de forma digital, em 2020, em função da pandemia de Covid-19. O referencial teórico é orientado pelo paradigma praxiológico da Comunicação (FRANÇA; SIMÕES, 2017), com enfoque para o ativismo digital (CASTELLS, 2017) e pela epistemologia decolonial (CASTRO, 2019; TORRICO, 2018) que contempla os saberes indígenas (POTIGUARA, 2019; KRENAK, 2019; XAKRIABÁ, 2018; KAMBEBA, 2018). Por meio da análise de live do ATL, discutem-se seis categorias de discursos mobilizados pelas juventudes indígenas ao tratarem sobre comunicação digital: autocomunicação; direito; mediações; espaço de lutas; interação; e visibilidade. Conclui-se que a comunicação é vista como um direito e também como um instrumento de luta, ao mesmo tempo em que institui novas temporalidades.
A SECUNDARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO FEMININO NOS SETORES DE TI E DE COSTURA PELA ÓTICA DA COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Vizentin Mayra Castro , Santana Yonara , Figaro Roseli
Published: March 2024

O artigo busca refletir, a partir do campo da Comunicação, sobre os conceitos que envolvem a divisão sexual do trabalho (KERGOAT, 2009), a secundarização da força de trabalho feminina (ABRAMO, 2007) e a sua incorporação rebaixada no mercado de trabalho. Há especial interesse em refletir porque as mulheres são maioria quando se fala de trabalho tradicional, força de trabalho barata e precarizada, e quais condicionantes dessa inclusão ainda persistem no capitalismo de plataforma (SRNICEK, 2019). Se por um lado a comunicação desempenha papel central no desenvolvimento e manutenção das cadeias de produção, sobretudo às relacionadas ao capitalismo de plataforma, por outro, a divisão sexual do trabalho e os discursos estereotipados contribuem para aprofundar a precarização do trabalho feminino e o preconceito. A análise se dá por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e entrevistas com trabalhadoras e chega à conclusão de que o trabalho, tanto no setor de TI, quanto no trabalho tradicional de costura, é gerenificado a partir de posição e disposição.
O PROGRAMA GREG NEWS: DO ENTRETENIMENTO AO USO DE VALORES NOTÍCIA
Authors: Garcia Renata Do Nascimento , Franzoni Sabrina
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo busca compreender como o programa Greg News, considerado um noticiário humorístico, criado pelo canal de televisão HBO, veiculado no Youtube, utiliza de estratégias da linguagem jornalística para construir sua narrativa, acionando para isso os valores notícia numa produção de caráter audiovisual. O corpus da pesquisa foi composto por três episódios, selecionados entre os 30 vídeos que compõem a temporada do ano de 2019 e categorizados por meio da Análise de Plataformas de Vídeos (MONTAÑO, 2015). Teoricamente foram acionadas as noções de valores notícia (WOLF, 2009; TRAQUINA, 2013; SILVA, 2014), de finalidade do jornalismo (KOVACH e ROSESENSTIEL, 2004; REGINATO, 2018) e de Entretenimento (DEJAVITE, 2006).
NARRATIVAS DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA TRANSSEXUAIS E TRAVESTIS NA COBERTURA DE TELEJORNAIS
Authors: Barros Thiago Almeida , Nóbrega Irlaine Cristina Silva
Published: March 2024

Este artigo analisa construções discursivas da veiculação da violência contra pessoas travestis e transexuais nos telejornais da TV Liberal, emissora de Belém, Pará. Pretende-se compreender, a partir da avaliação dos elementos básicos que constituem conteúdos telejornalísticos, qual é o local reservado a essas pessoas nas produções e debater o momento em que as narrativas emancipam as reivindicações desses indivíduos ou reproduzem e reafirmam estigmas sociais sobre identidades trans e travestis como subalternas. A análise envolve a questão do corpo e gênero a partir da teoria Contrassexual de Preciado (2014) e na teoria da performatividade de Butler (2003), além da filosofia de Biopolítica de Agamben (1995) e da teoria de vidas passíveis de luto de Butler (2015) para entender o complexo contexto de operacionalização da violência nesses corpos e a diferença da condição de ser enlutado.
MÚLTIPLAS TEMPORALIDADES SIMULTÂNEAS: A ESPACIALIZAÇÃO TRIDIMENSIONAL DO TEMPO NO FILME JUST IN TIME, DE PETER GREENAWAY
Authors: Cánepa Laura Loguercio , Souza Fabiano Pereira de
Published: March 2024

O curta-metragem Just in Time (2013), de Peter Greenaway, é parte do longa 3x3D (França/Portugal, 2013), filme que trouxe variações em torno da ideia da sobreposição de imagens em três dimensões. Composto de três segmentos, dirigidos, pela ordem da montagem, por Peter Greenaway, Edgar Pêra e Jean-Luc Godard, o longa tem, entre suas propostas, a experimentação em torno da estereoscopia em filmes não-ficcionais. Propomos, neste artigo, que o 3D filmado por Peter Greenaway em Just in Time expande o potencial da montagem espacial (MANOVICH, 2001) quando em sobreposições perceptíveis referentes a diferentes camadas temporais.
COMUNICAÇÃO MERCADOLÓGICA DIGITAL: UMA LEITURA DAS MÁQUINAS DE APRENDIZAGEM A PARTIR DO CHATGPT
Authors: Postinguel Danilo
Published: March 2024

Este artigo analisa a percepção que a inteligência artificial possui sobre os conceitos de marketing, publicidade e consumo. A metodologia parte de um estudo de caso sobre o ChatGPT, que por meio de uma abordagem maiêutica, lança questionamentos para pensar os limites de atuação, éticos e de aprendizagem que a comunicação mercadológica enfrentará, mediante a digitalização e algoritmização dos processos contemporâneos. Os resultados apontaram para visões limitadas de compreensão conceitual da IA e futuros enfrentamentos éticos e legais que até então não estavam no radar de pesquisas e fazeres profissionais.
Back pain in young people: approaches to diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Shostak N. A. , Pravdyuk N. G. , Novikova A. V.
Published: March 2024

Back pain in young people (14–35 years old) may have causes rooted in adolescence or even earlier childhood. Diagnosis in this case can present considerable difficulties for a therapist and general practitioner, since “nonspecific back pain” may hide pathological conditions inherent in childhood. The degree of compensation for scoliosis, hereditary abnormalities in the development of the spine, the severity of early degenerative processes, and metabolic diseases of the skeleton that were not identified during school years determine a non-standard scope of diagnostic and therapeutic measures for the doctor. These include collecting a family history and screening the patient for the presence of inflammatory back pain according to the 2009 ASAS criteria, a survey on the hospital anxiety and depression scale, a morphometric assessment of the stigma of dysembryogenesis and an assessment of hypermobility syndrome, advanced laboratory diagnostics with determination of indicators of mineral-calcium metabolism, X-ray diagnostics with functional tests, the use of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography of the spine in the absence of radicular symptoms. The patient’s active involvement in non-drug restorative treatment significantly improves his prognosis, and pharmacological support should have a health-saving direction and consider the presence of low-intensity inflammation in the pathogenesis of the disease. The choice of therapy for a reproductively active cohort of patients is made in favor of drugs with the maximum safety profile, which include, among others, selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Predictors of reduced quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Klimenko A. A. , Mikheeva E. P. , Shostak N. A.
Published: March 2024

Aim. To study the predictors of a decrease in the quality of life of patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) in the Russian population.

Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients with a reliable diagnosis of SSc: 58 women and 2 men. The average age of the respondents was 61 ± 12.8 years. 29 patients had a P-limited form of SSc, 29 also had a diffuse form, and 2 had a form of systemic scleroderma without scleroderma. The results of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations were evaluated, as well as data obtained using the following questionnaires: quality of life assessments The Short Form-36 (SF-36), physical and mental components of health, the modified British Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC), a visual analog scale for assessing the severity of fatigue. The relationship of clinical manifestations and complications of the disease with the quality of life of patients has been determined.

Results. The mean values of SF-36 (physical component) and SF-36 (mental component) in the examined patients were 36.08 ± 8.84 and 31.51 ± 12.7. Factors associated with poor quality of life in the physical component are the severity of shortness of breath (p < 0.001) and the presence of subcutaneous calcifications (p < 0.05), in the mental component – weakness (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. The quality of life of patients with SSc is reduced in both physical and mental components. The severity of shortness of breath, the presence of subcutaneous calcifications and weakness are the main predictors of a decrease in quality of life.
Quantitative MRI assessment of peripheral nerves
Authors: Morozova S. N. , Grishina D. A. , Orlov V. A. , Kartashov S. I. , Sinkova V. V. , Tsaregorodtsev D. S. , Krotenkova M. V. , Suponeva N. A.
Published: March 2024

Over the past decade magnetic resonance imaging is being increasingly used in revealing pathological changes in peripheral nervous system due to a number of technical innovations and growth of diagnostical strength, and, therefore, due to initiation of research of several magnetic resonance imaging methods which allow to perform quantitative assessment of peripheral nerves. Among them, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging which gives an opportunity to investigate microstructural changes in nerves tissue by water diffusion evaluation should be mentioned first. T2‑relaxometry and magnetization transfer ratio studies allow assessing macromolecular integrity of peripheral nerves elements. Chemical shift‑based fat fraction evaluation in peripheral nerves and corresponding muscles is also of great scientific interest both for diagnostic and therapy effect monitoring purposes. Manuscript presents brief description of above‑ mentioned methods, as well as recent results and perspectives of their application for peripheral nerves evaluation, supplemented with own illustrations of experimental observations.