bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Feasibility of Internet-Based Interventions for Grief After Bereavement: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zuelke Andrea E , Luppa Melanie , Löbner Margrit , Pabst Alexander , Schlapke Christine , Stein Janine , Riedel-Heller Steffi G
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Although grief and its symptoms constitute a normal reaction to experiences of loss, some of those affected still report elevated levels of distress after an extended period, often termed complicated grief. Beneficial treatment effects of face-to-face therapies, for example, grief counseling or cognitive behavioral therapy against complicated grief, have been reported. Evaluations of internet- and mobile-based interventions targeting symptoms of grief in bereaved individuals with regard to objective quality criteria are currently lacking.

OBJECTIVE

We aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness and feasibility of internet- and mobile-based interventions against symptoms of grief after bereavement.

METHODS

We conducted systematic literature searches of randomized controlled trials or feasibility studies published before January 9, 2020, following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, and the Cochrane Library. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations system. We further assessed aspects of feasibility and rated quality of interventions using criteria suggested by an expert panel on mental health care (German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics). A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to assess between-group effect sizes.

RESULTS

In total, 9 trials (N=1349) were included. Of these, 7 studies were analyzed meta-analytically. Significant effects were found for symptoms of grief (g=0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.77), depression (g=0.44, 95% CI 0.20-0.68), and posttraumatic stress (g=0.82, 95% CI 0.63-1.01). Heterogeneity was moderate for grief and depression (I2=48.75% and 55.19%, respectively) and low for posttraumatic stress symptoms (I2=0%). The overall quality of evidence was graded low (grief and depression) to moderate (posttraumatic stress). User satisfaction with the interventions was high, as was the quality of the interventions assessed using objective quality criteria.

CONCLUSIONS

Internet- or mobile-based interventions might constitute an effective treatment approach against symptoms of grief in bereaved adults. However, the small sample sizes and limited number of studies included in the review warrant further investigation.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42012002100; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=131428
Adoption and Appropriateness of mHealth for Weight Management in the Real World: A Qualitative Investigation of Patient Perspectives (Preprint)
Authors: Breland Jessica Y , Agha Khizran , Mohankumar Rakshitha
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions for weight management can result in weight loss outcomes comparable to in-person treatments. However, there is little information on implementing these treatments in real-world settings.

OBJECTIVE

This work aimed to answer two implementation research questions related to mHealth for weight management: (1) what are barriers and facilitators to mHealth adoption (initial use) and engagement (continued use)? and (2) what are patient beliefs about the appropriateness (ie, perceived fit, relevance, or compatibility) of mHealth for weight management?

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews with patients with obesity at a single facility in an integrated health care system (the Veterans Health Administration). All participants had been referred to a new mHealth program, which included access to a live coach. We performed a rapid qualitative analysis of interviews to identify themes related to the adoption of, engagement with, and appropriateness of mHealth for weight management.

RESULTS

We interviewed 24 veterans, seven of whom used the mHealth program. Almost all participants were ≥45 years of age and two-thirds were White. Rapid analysis identified three themes: (1) coaching both facilitates and prevents mHealth adoption and engagement by promoting accountability but leading to guilt among those not meeting goals; (2) preferences regarding the mode of treatment delivery, usability, and treatment content were barriers to mHealth appropriateness and adoption, including preferences for in-person care and a dislike of self-monitoring; and (3) a single invitation was not sufficient to facilitate adoption of a new mHealth program. Themes were unrelated to participants’ age, race, or ethnicity.

CONCLUSIONS

In a study assessing real-world use of mHealth in a group of middle-aged and older adults, we found that—despite free access to mHealth with a live coach—most did not complete the registration process. Our findings suggest that implementing mHealth for weight management requires more than one information session. Findings also suggest that focusing on the coaching relationship and how users’ lives and goals change over time may be an important way to facilitate engagement and improved health. Most participants thought mHealth was appropriate for weight management, with some nevertheless preferring in-person care. Therefore, the best way to guarantee equitable care will be to ensure multiple routes to achieving the same behavioral health goals. Veterans Health Administration patients have the option of using mHealth for weight management, but can also attend group weight management programs or single-session nutrition classes or access fitness facilities. Health care policy does not allow such access for most people in the United States; however, expanded access to behavioral weight management is an important long-term goal to ensure health for all.
Health Care Providers’ Trusted Sources for Information About COVID-19 Vaccines: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Brauer Eden , Choi Kristen , Chang John , Luo Yi , Lewin Bruno , Munoz-Plaza Corrine , Bronstein David , Bruxvoort Katia
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Information and opinions shared by health care providers can affect patient vaccination decisions, but little is known about who health care providers themselves trust for information in the context of new COVID-19 vaccines.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to investigate which sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines are trusted by health care providers and how they communicate this information to patients.

METHODS

This mixed methods study involved a one-time, web-based survey of health care providers and qualitative interviews with a subset of survey respondents. Health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, nurses) were recruited from an integrated health system in Southern California using voluntary response sampling, with follow-up interviews with providers who either accepted or declined a COVID-19 vaccine. The outcome was the type of information sources that respondents reported trusting for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Bivariate tests were used to compare trusted information sources by provider type; thematic analysis was used to explore perspectives about vaccine information and communicating with patients about vaccines.

RESULTS

The survey was completed by 2948 providers, of whom 91% (n=2683) responded that they had received ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequently trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information was government agencies (n=2513, 84.2%); the least frequently trusted source was social media (n=691, 9.5%). More physicians trusted government agencies (n=1226, 93%) than nurses (n=927, 78%) or pharmacists (n=203, 78%; P<.001), and more physicians trusted their employer (n=1115, 84%) than advanced practice providers (n=95, 67%) and nurses (n=759, 64%; P=.002). Qualitative themes (n=32 participants) about trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were identified: processing new COVID-19 information in a health care work context likened to a “war zone” during the pandemic and communicating information to patients. Some providers were hesitant to recommend vaccines to pregnant people and groups they perceived to be at low risk for COVID-19.

CONCLUSIONS

Physicians have stronger trust in government sources and their employers for information about COVID-19 vaccines compared with nurses, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Strategies such as role modeling, tailored messaging, or talking points with standard language may help providers to communicate accurate COVID-19 vaccine information to patients, and these strategies may also be used with providers with lower levels of trust in reputable information sources.
Ethical Considerations for the Use of Consumer Wearables in Health Research (Preprint)
Authors: Sui Anna , Sui Wuyou , Rhodes Ryan E. , Liu Sam
Published: December 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Following the UN’s High Commissioner’s request for a moratorium on the use and adoption of specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems that pose serious risk to human rights, this commentary explores the current environment and future implications of using third-party wearable technologies in research for participants’ data privacy and data security. While wearables have been identified as tools in improving users’ physical and mental health and wellbeing by providing users with more personalized data and tailored interventions, the use of this technology does not come without concern. Primarily, as researchers we are concerned with enmeshment of corporate and research interests and what this can mean for participant data. By drawing on specific sections of the UN Report “The right to privacy in the digital age” we discuss the conflicts between corporate and research agendas and point out the current and future implications of the involvement of third-party companies for participant data privacy, data security, and data usage. Finally, we offer suggestions for researchers and third-party wearable developers for conducting ethical and transparent research with wearable tech. We propose that this commentary be used as a foothold for further discussions about the ethical implications of using third-party wearable tech in research.
Фізіологія обміну магнію і застосування магнезії в інтенсивній терапії (літературний огляд із результатами власних спостережень, частина 3)
Authors: Kursov S.V. , Nikonov V.V. , Biletskyi O.V. , Kinoshenko Ye.I. , Skoroplit S.M.
Published: December 2021

Ми надали в цьому огляді результати експериментальних і клінічних досліджень, які найбільш переконливо демонструють місце порушень обміну магнію в розвитку пошкоджень міокарда, фатальних аритмій і артеріальної гіпертензії. Ми також висвітлили питання діагностики прихованого дефіциту магнію в організмі і роль дефіциту магнію в патогенезі кардіоміопатії, застійної серцевої недостатності і пролапсу мітрального клапана. Пероральні добавки Mg сприяють зниженню середнього артеріального тиску, периферичного опору судин і частоти ізольованих і залпових шлуночкових екстрасистол і нападів нестійкої шлуночкової тахіаритмії. Вчені виявили, що в багатьох пацієнтів із сильно вираженим пролапсом мітрального клапана рівень Mg в сироватці крові був низьким і прийом добавок з Mg призводить до поліпшення стану пацієнтів. Контроль статусу магнієвого обміну в організмі не тільки необхідний в умовах інтенсивної терапії та стаціонару в цілому, але також актуальний в амбулаторній практиці. Регулярний прийом препаратів Mg або харчових добавок, що містять в основному Mg, може істотно поліпшити результати лікування численних захворювань і запобігти розвитку небезпечних для організму ускладнень. При цьому собівартість магнезіальної терапії є досить низькою.
Механічна вентиляція легень, керована об’ємом або тиском під час нейрохірургічних операцій. Чи є перевага?
Authors: Merza R.O. , Pidhirnyi Ya.M.
Published: December 2021

Актуальність. Однією з головних технологій сучасної анестезіології є механічна вентиляція легень (МВЛ). На даний час в інтенсивній терапії широко визнаною є протективна технологія МВЛ. Доцільність застосування даної технології в операційній, особливо у хворих з інтактними легенями, є не такою очевидною. Більшість наукових робіт, що висвітлюють дану проблему, стосується хворих з абдомінальною патологією, і менш висвітленою вона залишається у пацієнтів з нейрохірургічною патологією. Пацієнти, які оперуються з приводу нейрохірургічної патології, відносяться до групи хворих високого хірургічного ризику, це і змотивувало нас провести дане дослідження. Метою дослідження було вивчити доцільність застосування протективної МВЛ під час операційних втручань у нейрохірургічних хворих. Матеріали та методи. Нами обстежено 46 хворих, які знаходилися на стаціонарному лікуванні у КНП «8 МКЛ м. Львова» з приводу патології хребта та яким було виконане операційне втручання — вертебропластика із спондилодезом. Пацієнти були розподілені на дві групи: у першій групі (34 хворі) МВЛ проводили за технологією S-IPPV — синхронізована примусова вентиляція легень з контролем по об’єму, а в другій групі (12 хворих) МВЛ проводилась за технологією PCV — вентиляція, керована тиском. Результати. Ми ретроспективно визначили частоту виникнення післяопераційних легеневих ускладнень (ПОЛУ) у хворих першої та другої групи. З 34 хворих першої групи ознаки ПОЛУ були виявлені у 17 осіб (50 %), а з 12 хворих другої групи ПОЛУ було виявлено у 4 (33,3 %). Слід зауважити, що МВЛ у хворих обох груп не відрізнялася за такими параметрами, як частота дихання, кінцево-альвеолярний тиск на видиху та фракція кисню в дихальній суміші. Висновки. Порівняно невелика кількість хворих не дозволяє, очевидно, робити остаточні висновки, проте слід звернути увагу на те, що МВЛ (особливо керована об’ємом) сприяє виникненню післяопераційних легеневих ускладнень у пацієнтів з інтактними легенями в доопераційний період. А застосування МВЛ, керованої тиском, має тенденцію до зменшення частоти виявлення легеневих ускладнень в післяопераційному періоді. Якщо врахувати, що частота дихання, кінцево-альвеолярний тиск на видиху та фракція кисню в дихальній суміші були порівнянні у хворих обох груп, можна припустити, що фактором, який впливає на частоту виникнення ПОЛУ, є механіка вентиляції легень.
La evaluación del aprendizaje a distancia en medicina: desafíos y oportunidades
Authors: Vega Rodríguez Magali , Rivero López Carlos A.
Published: December 2021

Editorial
Observaciones al artículo “Asociación entre ansiedad, sobrepeso y obesidad en población adulta adscrita a una unidad de medicina familiar”
Authors: Huamani Berrocal María L. , Cortez Pradinett Carlos J. , Tataje Lavanda Luis A.
Published: December 2021

Carta al editor
Edema de médula ósea del calcáneo en corredor con alteraciones biomecánicas
Authors: Domínguez Gasca Luis Gerardo , Domínguez Carrillo Luis Gerardo
Published: December 2021

Identifique el caso
Sentiment Analysis on Twitter Hashtag Datasets
Authors: Shinde Ganesh K.
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Sentiment Analysis has improvement in online shopping platforms, scientific surveys from political polls, business intelligence, etc. In this we trying to analyse the twitter posts about Hashtag like #MakeinIndia using Machine Learning approach. By doing opinion mining in a specific area, it is possible to identify the effect of area information in sentiment analysis. We put forth a feature vector for classifying the tweets as positive, negative and neutral. After that applied machine learning algorithms namely: MaxEnt and SVM. We utilised Unigram, Bigram and Trigram Features to generate a set of features to train a linear MaxEnt and SVM classifiers. In the end we have measured the performance of classifier in terms of overall accuracy. Keywords: Sentiment analysis, support vector machine, maximum entropy, N-gram, Machine Learning
Comparative Study of the Perception of the Role of a Social Worker in Hospitals in the Czech Republic and Slovakia during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Laca P. , Laca s.
Published: December 2021

This research study is focused on the perception of the role of asocial worker by hospital nurses in the Czech and Slovak Re- public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim of the study:The main aim of the research study was to find the opinions of nurses from the Czech and Slovak Repub- lic on asocial worker who works in ahospital during acoron- avirus - COVID-19 pandemic and then compare their opinions in helping patients Research sample and setting:The research sample of the study consisted of 75 nurses with higher professional education (Czech Republic), university education of the first and second degree (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic), who were together with social workers in the front line in hospitals at the time of the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19. All participating respon- dents were informed about the purpose of the research study and the completion of the online questionnaire. Statistical analysis:The mathematical-statistical method chi- square test of the independence of the criteria of individual re- search hypotheses was used to compare the interviewed re- spondents in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Results of the study:Medical staff at the time of the COVID- 19 pandemic was satisfied with the social worker, as evidenced by the research study and their answers in the questionnaire survey. It is clear from the results of the research survey that the participants perceived the social worker positively during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Well-being of Children and Young People: The Context of Social Services from the Perspective of the Capability Approach
Authors: Navratilova J. , Navratil P. , Punova M.
Published: December 2021

Objective:The aim of this article is to understand how social services contribute to the well-being of children and young people who use them. Method:The research study, based on Capability Approach, was done using amixed-research strategy. Participants:The collection of data took place through 44 in- depth semi-structured interviews with children, young people and their parents/foster parents who use social services in one of the regional capitals of the Czech Republic. Results:Parents at risk underrate their role in loving and caring for their children. Parents at risk are more likely than children to undervalue education. Social services do not develop young- sters’ capability to live ameaningful life. Conclusion: The research has shown that although social serv- ices have significant potential to ensure well-being for children and youth, they work primarily in away that provides clients with basic social functioning in the present, without influencing their future positively.
Barriers in Education of Children from Socially Disadvantaged Environment
Authors: Bachyncova Giertliova D.
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses and summarizes the knowledge in the field of education of socially disadvantaged children with an em- phasis on the Roma ethnic group in Slovakia. It focuses on the issue of pre-primary education of these children and points to the specifics that have a negative impact on the adaptation to the school educational process. The paper addresses the risk aspects of poverty, social exclusion, child development and the need for early intervention for families with children. Further- more, in the article we focus on the support of children at the community level and on possible forms of aid that can help to achieve a more favorable development of the overall Roma family within specific projects. We also deal with early care, which is very important for the bio-psycho-social development of children and youth.
On Public Administration and State Ideology
Authors: Shamakhov V. A.
Published: December 2021

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McDonaldiseringen af dansk politi
Authors: Diderichsen Adam
Published: December 2021

På baggrund af en kritisk diskussion af Ritzers McDonaldiseringsteori argumenterer artiklen for, at de bærende tendenser i dansk politis udvikling i de senere årtier har været idealerne om effektivitet, beregnelighed, forudsigelighed og kontrol. Samtidig er det tydeligt, at spørgsmålet om politisk magt er det centrale, når vi taler om McDonaldisering af netop politiet, givet politiets centrale rolle i statens magtudøvelse. Som konklusion viser artiklen således, at McDonaldisering først og fremmest må forstås som en form for herredømme, der er kendetegnet ved et konsekvent skifte fra en juridisk til en økonomisk tolkning af bureaukratiets centrale kendetegn.
Citomegalia por inclusão
Authors: Grossi Silvina Terezinha Lima , Pontes Orivaldo de Araújo
Published: December 2021

Resumo bibliográfico sobre CITOMEGALIA POR INCLUSÃO e apresentação de caso clínico, cuja finalidade é a divulgação da moléstia que, apesar de rara tem impressionado aos clínicos nos últimos anos.
Global existence and decay estimate of solution to compressible quantum Navier-Stokes equations with damping
Authors: Wu Zhonger , Tan Zhong , TANG Xu
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we consider the Cauchy problem of the compressible
quantum Navier-Stokes equations with damping in R3. We first assume that
the H3-norm of the initial data is sufficiently small while the higher
derivative can be arbitrarily large, and prove the global existence of
smooth solutions. Then the decay estimate of the solution is derived for
the initial data in a homogeneous Sobolev space or Besov space with
negative exponent. In addition, the usual Lp−L2(1 ≤ p ≤ 2) type decay
rate is obtained without assuming that the Lpnorm of the initial data is
sufficiently small.
Theoretical modeling of Ring-Locked S-shaped acceptor molecules for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Iqbal Malik Muhammad Asif , Mehboob Muhammad , Hussain Dr. Riaz , Hassan Talha , Janjua Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf
Published: December 2021

The introduction of a bridge element to covalently ring-lock the
neighboring aryl or heteroaryl groups connected by a single bond has led
to a variety of fascinating multifused ladder-type structures. Here, we
have designed a new series of 2H-pyran containing tetracyclic
dithienocyclopentapyran compounds (MMA1 to MMA3). Long conjugation at
end-capped of designed systems enhances the power conversion
efficiencies of non-fullerene-containing organic solar cells. Different
geometric parameters of designed systems have been examined through
density functional theory and time-dependent density function theory.
Designed molecules expressed high absorption maxima values with a
reduced energy bandgap. Open circuit voltage along with transition
density matrix analysis recommended that charge transfer occurs from
lower energy orbitals to higher energy orbitals. Reorganization energy
analysis also suggested high charge mobility occurs from donor polymer
to acceptor molecules. Results of all parameters advocated that designed
molecules are potential candidates for high-performance organic solar
cells.
A proposta metodológica de Bereday para a educação comparada: comentários e possibilidades
Authors: Peixoto Beatriz Ribeiro , Silva Alexandre de Souza e , Salotti Luciana Siqueira Rossetto
Published: December 2021

A Educação Comparada é um método de estudo sobre sistemas nacionais educacionais surgindo no fim do século XVIII na Europa e chegando ao Brasil no fim do século XIX. O artigo a seguir tem como objetivo descrever as diferentes abordagens de alguns autores clássicos, e de alguns comentaristas da área, descrevendo as visões e as colaborações de todos eles para o melhor entendimento dos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Educação Comparada, assim como as diversas mudanças e influências na metodologia da pesquisa no campo dos estudos comparativos, em diferentes momentos da história. Nessa direção, o presente artigo aborda e discute a contribuição de Bereday, entendido como um dos principais autores da Educação Comparada; e de Bray e Thomaz, Nóvoa e Bonitatibus, como alguns dos mais estudados comentaristas de da metodologia da Educação Comparada, e as possíveis relações entre os mesmos.
A orientação dos inspetores escolares na formação de professores no período de 1970 a 1976: um olhar sobre São Paulo
Authors: Barbosa Raquel Lazzari Leite , Nicacio Rosemary Trabold
Published: December 2021

Este artigo discute as práticas de formação de professores das escolas isoladas do município de Assis, Estado de São Paulo, no período de 1970 a 1976. Essa formação era conduzida pelos inspetores escolares que contavam com apoio do Serviço de Orientação Pedagógica do estado. Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa documental, na perspectiva transnacional da história da educação que analisou as práticas de formação docente por meio dos discursos registrados nas atas de reuniões pedagógicas. Os inspetores tinham sob sua responsabilidade a orientação e a fiscalização na implantação de um currículo que, supunha-se, trazer ao estado melhor qualidade na educação com a erradicação da repetência no ensino primário e, também, no cumprimento das diretrizes impostas por um programa de desenvolvimento econômico assinado entre Brasil e Estados Unidos.
Afrontamiento, salud mental y perfeccionismo en enseñanzas superiores: diferencias entre músicos y universitarios
Authors: Montero Torres Marina , Aguirre Delgado Triana , Borges Del Rosal María de África
Published: December 2021

Los estudios universitarios requieren altos niveles de exigencia y compromiso que suponen una etapa educacional obligatoria muy extensa. Los estudios superiores musicales requieren también una preparación previa muy extensa, pero con otros niveles de exigencia y compromiso que colocan a sus estudiantes en situaciones muy diversas. Considerando diferencias y similitudes, estudio tiene como intención analizar las distintas estrategias de afrontamiento ante el estrés, el perfeccionismo, la salud mental y la valoración del sacrificio que tienen distintos estudiantes universitarios, musicales y de ambas. Para ello, se ha recabado una muestra de 60 estudiantes de ambos tipos, se empleó metodología mixta y los resultados muestran ausencia de diferencias significativas entre los grupos, pero se discute la importancia de estos hallazgos.
Contribuições da escola no reconhecimento de estudantes com altas capacidades
Authors: Cleto Edilene Reis , Abud Maria José Milharezi
Published: December 2021

Acredita-se que os melhores meios para contribuir com o desenvolvimento do potencial dos estudantes com capacidade elevada encontram-se na escola.  É dela a responsabilidade de prover um projeto que conduza efetivamente ao desenvolvimento das crianças sinalizadas com potencial acima da média. Este trabalho expõe uma pesquisa cujo tema aborda a contribuição da escola no reconhecimento de estudantes mais capazes. Tem como objetivo identificar, na visão dos professores, quando é mais fácil visualizar os sinais de capacidade elevada dos estudantes no ambiente escolar. Como procedimento metodológico para coleta de informações, foi aplicado o questionamento a 36 professores da Rede de Ensino Municipal. As respostas foram analisadas conforme os construtos da Análise de Conteúdo propostos por Bardin (2011). Os resultados revelaram que as dificuldades encontradas pelos professores reiteram a importância e a melhoria das reuniões de formação docente para a tarefa de reconhecimento dos estudantes com altas capacidades.
O Ensino Médio no Brasil e na França: considerações sobre a Lei 13.415/2017 a partir de uma análise comparativa
Authors: Gomes Mike Ceriani de Oliveira , Sampaio Mônica Galhego
Published: December 2021

Este artigo visa analisar a propaganda da lei 13.415/2017 de reforma curricular do ensino médio brasileiro, baseada em modelos de países centrais. Foi realizada uma análise comparativa entre o sistema de ensino Brasileiro e o Francês, focando o ponto mais polêmico da reforma: a oferta do ensino técnico, conflitante com o currículo formativo para o acesso ao ensino superior. Percebemos também algumas distorções no modelo proposto pela lei 13.415/2017 no que se refere ao ingresso ao ensino técnico como via de inserção imediata ao mercado de trabalho e o modelo francês que mais se aproxima deste modelo, o Baccalauréat Professionnel, certificação adquirida no Ensino Médio francês (Lycée) para ingresso ao ensino superior em áreas de formação profissional.
Correction of thermographic images based on the minimization method of Tikhonov functional
Authors: Baaj Obaida , Chernikova Natalia , Laneev Eugeniy
Published: December 2021

The paper considers the method of correction of thermographic images (thermograms) obtained by recording in the infrared range of radiation from the surface of the object under study using a thermal imager. A thermogram with a certain degree of reliability transmits an image of the heat-generating structure inside the body. In this paper, the mathematical correction of images on a thermogram is performed based on an analytical continuation of the stationary temperature distribution as a harmonic function from the surface of the object under study towards the heat sources. The continuation is carried out by solving an ill-posed mixed problem for the Laplace equation in a cylindrical region of rectangular cross-section. To construct a stable solution to the problem, the principle of the minimum of the Tikhonov smoothing functional we used.
Activation and installation of orthodontic appliances temporarily impairs mastication:
Authors: Duarte Laís , Bezerra Adriana Pinto , Flores-Mir Carlos , De Luca Canto Graziela , Pereira Luciano José , Vega Gonçalves Thais Marques Simek
Published: December 2021

Objectives

To investigate the masticatory (masticatory performance, bite force, swallowing threshold, muscle activity, and questionnaires) and nutritional (nutrient intake) impacts of the activation and/or installation of different orthodontic appliances (fixed labial, lingual appliances, and clear aligners).

Materials and Methods

Six electronic databases and gray literature were searched (up to May 2021) for relevant studies evaluating mastication and nutrition after activation/installation of orthodontic appliances. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020199510). The risk of bias (RoB 2 and ROBINS-I) and evidence quality Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation were analyzed.

Results

Of 4226 recorded and screened, 15 studies were finally included. Masticatory performance (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 1.069; 95% coefficient interval [CI]: 0.619 to 1.518) and bite force (SMD: -2.542; 95% CI: −4.867 to −0.217) reduced in the first 24 to 48 hours of fixed labial appliance installation/activation, but they were both normalized after 30 days (P > .05). The swallowing threshold remained constant (P > .05). Nutritional intake was rarely reported but showed copper (P = .002) and manganese (P = .016) reductions, with higher calorie and fat intake (P < .05). Lingual appliances impacted chewing more than labial, and clear aligner wearers reported fewer chewing problems (P < .001). Low to very low levels of evidence were found.

Conclusions

Based on low to very low levels of evidence, mastication was reduced during the first 24 to 48 hours of fixed labial appliance activation/installation, but it was transitory (up to 30 days). Due to insufficient data, the nutritional impact of orthodontic appliances was not conclusive.
Impaired Insulin Clearance as the Initial Regulator of Obesity-Associated Hyperinsulinemia: Novel Insight Into the Underlying Mechanism Based on Serum Bile Acid Profiles
Authors: Fu Zhenzhen , Wu Qinyi , Guo Wen , Gu Jingyu , Zheng Xuqin , Gong Yingyun , Lu Chenyan , Ye Jingya , Ye Xuan , Jiang Wanzi , Hu Moran , Yu Baowen , Fu Qi , Liu Xiang , Bai Jianling , Li John Zhong , Yang Tao , Zhou Hongwen
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the roles of insulin clearance and insulin secretion in the development of hyperinsulinemia in obese subjects and to reveal the association between insulin clearance and bile acids (BAs).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In cohort 1, insulin secretion, sensitivity, and endogenous insulin clearance were evaluated with an oral glucose tolerance test in 460 recruited participants. In cohort 2, 81 participants underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test and a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to assess insulin secretion, endogenous and exogenous insulin clearance, and insulin sensitivity. Based on insulin resistance levels ranging from mild to severe, obese participants without diabetes were further divided into 10 quantiles in cohort 1 and into tertiles in cohort 2. Forty serum BAs were measured in cohort 2 to examine the association between BAs and insulin clearance.

RESULTS

All obese participants had impaired insulin clearance, and it worsened with additional insulin resistance in obese subjects without diabetes. However, insulin secretion was unchanged from quantile 1 to 3 in cohort 1, and no difference was found in cohort 2. After adjustments for all confounding factors, serum-conjugated BAs, especially glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA; β = −0.335, P = 0.004) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA; β = −0.333, P = 0.003), were negatively correlated with insulin clearance. The ratio of unconjugated to conjugated BAs (β = 0.335, P = 0.002) was positively correlated with insulin clearance.

CONCLUSIONS

Hyperinsulinemia in obese subjects might be primarily induced by decreased insulin clearance rather than increased insulin secretion. Changes in circulating conjugated BAs, especially GDCA and TDCA, might play an important role in regulating insulin clearance.
Erythema Multiforme Major in Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Hattori Shoko , Miyagawa Fumi , Fukuda Keiko , Ogawa Kohei , Asada Hideo
Published: December 2021

Abstract is missing (Short communication)
Skin Microbiome in Patients with Hand Eczema and Healthy Controls: A Three-week Prospective Study
Authors: Nørreslet Line Brok , Lilje Berit , Ingham Anna Cäcilia , Edslev Sofie Marie , Clausen Maja-Lisa , Plum Frederik , Andersen Paal Skytt , Agner Tove
Published: December 2021

The pathogenesis of chronic hand eczema remains unclear. Insights into the skin microbiome in hand eczema and its potential relevance to disease severity may help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of hand eczema. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbiome in patients with hand eczema and healthy controls. A 5-visit prospective study was conducted over a period of 3 weeks. At each visit, bacterial swabs were taken from the hands of patients with hand eczema and controls. The microbiome was examined using DNA extraction and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (V3–V4 regions). Fifty patients with hand eczema and 50 controls were included (follow-up rate=100%). The baseline bacterial α-diversity was reduced on the hands of patients with hand eczema compared with controls (effect size=–0.31; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) –0.50; –0.11; p = 0.003). The dysbiosis on the patients’ hands was stable over the study period, was associated with disease severity, and was characterized by reduced bacterial diversity and different bacterial community compositions.
Localization of steel fractures based on the fractal model of their metallographic images
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zhuravel Ihor , Mychuda Łesia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Zhuravel Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2021

There are a number of tasks that require assessment of the condition of the material and its mechanical characteristics. Such tasks may arise at the production stage, when there’s a need to control the content of various components of the material, strength, hardness, etc. Also similar tasks arise during exploitation of materials, which is especially relevant today, when most of the responsible products and structures in the field of nuclear energy, chemical industry, machine-building industry are on the verge of wearing down. Previously defectoscopy methods were mainly used to assess the reliability of such materials and products. These methods provided information on the presence or absence of a defect. But to prevent accidents, information about the pre-defective state of the material itself and the degree of its degradation is needed. Approaches involving methods and means of solid state physics, mechanics, chemistry, materials science and other scientific disciplines have become more informative for describing the state of degradation. However, these methods are quite laboursome and time consuming and cannot be applied to transient processes. Therefore, it is important to develop a method that would be based on the analysis of the microstructure of the material would allow to obtain its numerical mechanical characteristics. This approach would be used at the production stage of materials to determine their components and mechanical characteristics and at the stage of exploitation to determine the degree of degradation of the material. It is known that the fractal dimension of each microstructure of the material is an indicator of its qualitative characteristics. Thus, the numerical value of the fractal dimension establishes the relationship between the structure and the mechanical properties of the material. In this work the method of localization of fractures of heat-resistant steels on the basis of fractal models of metallographic images is developed and its advantages in comparison with other known approaches are analyzed.
Pitkospuut vai laajentuva kenttä?
Authors: Häyrynen Maunu , Leskinen Linda
Published: December 2021

Artikkeli tarkastelee insinöörisuunnittelua sekä puutarha- ja maisemasuunnittelua suomalaisen taidehistorian marginaaleissa. Näin selvitetään, mitä niiden asemointi tutkimuksen kenttään kertoo alan institutionaalisista rajoista. Taidehistorian tutkimusalue määritellään nykyisin laajasti sekä taiteellisia että muita ilmiöitä käsittäväksi. Artikkelissa kuitenkin pohdimme, onko hierarkkinen jako taiteeseen ja ei-taiteeseen silti edelleen voimassa. Taide tutkimuskohteena määrittelee yhä tieteenalan identiteettiä ja jäsentyy edelleen kaanoneina. Vaikka niin puutarha- ja maisemasuunnittelu kuin insinöörisuunnittelu on kelpuutettu kotimaisen taidehistorian tutkimuskohteiksi, sen piirissä ylläpidetään silti näiden alojen ja arkkitehtuurin välistä erottelua. Tarkastelu osoittaa alan kaksijakoisen suhteen muihin kuin taiteellisiin tutkimuskohteisiin. Ne voidaan hyväksyä, mutta niiden näkyvyys taiteen kaanoniin yhä perustuvissa alan yleisteoksissa tai opetussisällöissä on satunnaista.
Laminasyon İşleminde Sıcaklık ve Süre Değişiminin MDF Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: İSTEK Abdullah , ÖZLÜSOYLU İsmail
Published: December 2021

Orta yoğunlukta lif levhalar (MDF) mobilya üretiminde yaygın olarak kullanılmakta ve yüzeyleri genellikle reçine emdirilmiş dekor kağıtları ile kaplanmaktadır. Laminasyon adı verilen kaplama işlemi, levhaların yüzey özellikleri ile boyutsal kararlılığını iyileştirmektedir. Kaplama malzemesinin özellikleri ve laminasyon parametreleri kaplanacak malzemeye göre değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada orta yoğunlukta lif levhaların laminasyon işleminde kullanılan sıcaklık ve süre değişiminin levha özellikleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 30 kg-f/cm2 sabit basınç altında 18s, 20s, 22s, 24s süre, 195 °C, 205 °C sıcaklık şartlarında laminasyon işlemi yapılmıştır. Her bir varyasyon için kaplanmış levhaların özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre daha düşük sıcaklık ve sürelerde kalınlığına şişme (TS) ve su alma (WA) değerlerinin iyileştiği belirlenmiştir. Yüzeye dik çekme direncinin (IB) sıcaklığın artmasıyla iyileştiği, süre değişiminde ise doğrusal bir değişimin olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Eğilme direnci (BS) ve eğilmede elastikiyet modülü direnci (MOE) değerlerinin genel olarak tüm sürelerde sıcaklık artışı ile arttığı, aynı sıcaklıkta ise süre artışının 195°C-22s koşulu hariç, her iki direnç değeri için doğrusal bir artışa neden olduğu anlaşılmıştır. En uygun sıcaklık-süre parametrelerinin BS için 195°C-22s, MOE için ise 205°C-24s olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca kullanılan tüm laminasyon parametrelerinden elde edilen sonuçların TS EN 622-5 (2011) standardında istenen (kuru ve nemli şartlarda genel amaçlı levhalar) özellikleri karşıladığı tespit edilmiştir.
X-ışını Kırınımı (XRD) ve Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) Kullanılarak Kaynaklanan Göknar, Meşe ve Kestane Odununun Yapısal Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ZOR Mustafa , GÖRGÜN Hızır Volkan , VAZİRİ Mojgan
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, kaynaklanmış Göknar, Meşe ve Kestane odunlarının morfolojik analizlerini tanımlamak için taramalı elektron mikroskopu ve selüloz kristanilitesini tahmin etmek için X-ışını kırınım analizi kullanılarak örnekler karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, XRD analizinde selüloz kristalinite indeksinin (CRI) göknar, meşe ve kestane ağacı örneklerinde sırasıyla% 57.55 ve % 47.73 ve% 56.66 olarak belirlendiğini göstermiştir. Tüm ahşap örneklerinin CRI değeri, kaynağa tabi tutulduktan sonra artmıştır. SEM analizine göre ahşabın genel hücre yapısı, kendini korurken kaynaklı ara fazı oluşturmak için kullanılan yüksek sıcaklık ve basınçla kırılma meydana gelmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yumuşak ağacın kristal değerinin, sert ağaçlardaki yüksek polisakkarit yüzdesine kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.
The Information Service in Developing the Students’ Discipline Associated to the Utilization of School Canteen
Authors: Novialdi Andrian , Prayitno Prayitno , Marjohan Marjohan
Published: December 2021

This research begins from the condition of students’ discipline associated to the utilization of school canteen. The aim of the research is to obtain an overview regarding the information services provided by the guidance and counseling teachers. The background of the research is about the students’ discipline associated to school canteen, condition and role of school canteen and also the role of guidance and counseling service particularly information service. The research used a descriptive quantitative method. Then, the population was the principal, guidance and counseling teachers, and students in Padang City Vocational School who were selected by using the purposive sampling technique. The research findings are: 1) the condition and role of school stalls according to the opinion of principal are in good category and according to the opinion of guidance and counseling teachers are in good enough category. 2) Students' disciplin in the utilization of school canteen according to the opinion of guidance and counseling teachers are good, meanwhile the student' opinions  are good enough category. 3) The implementation of information services associated to the utilization of school canteens according to guidance and counseling teachers and students is in the good category.
The Effectiveness of Information Services with the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Model to Improve the Understanding of Discipline Learning of the Student
Authors: Hasibuan Arip Martua , Ahmad Riska , Syukur Yarmis
Published: December 2021

The less understanding of the discipline learning by the student causes students to violate the rules and regulations that have been set in the school environment. This problem occurs because students are not aware of the meaning of the discipline learning, so it takes effort to improve students' understanding of the discipline learning. The understanding of learning discipline of the student is not seen in terms of attendance at school, taking lessons in class, managing time, school rules and free time. One of the efforts that made in improving student understanding is by the information service of the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of information services with the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model to improve students' understanding of the discipline learning. This research used quantitative methods. The type of research was a Quasi Experiment with the design of The One Group Pretest-Posttest (without using a control group). The population of this study were Dian Andalas Padang High School students and the sample was selected using the Purposive Sampling technique. The instrument of the research was using a Likert Scale model (a questionnaire about the understanding of student learning discipline), the data were analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with the help of SPSS version 20. The results showed that the average score of pretest 123 and posttest 160. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that the service information with the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning model is effective for increasing understanding of student learning discipline.
Contribution of Self Control and Peer Conformity to Consumptive Behavior
Authors: Hayati Amal , Yusuf A. Muri , Asnah Megaiswari Biran
Published: December 2021

The occurrence of consumptive behavior among adolescents is caused by several internal factors such as self-control, talents, interests, values, self-concepts and knowledge and learning outcomes. External factors such as social class, family, culture, peers, and situations. Psychological factors such as information processing and learning.This study aims to describe the contribution of self-control and peer conformity to the consumptive behavior of students in Kisaran Private IT High Schools. The research method uses a quantitative approach with descriptive correlational type and multiple regression. The population of this study was 57 high school IT private high school students in class X and the sample of 50 students were selected using proportional random sampling. The research findings show that: (1) on average, self-control is in the very high category, (2) peer conformity is also in the very high category, (3) consumer consumptive behavior is categorized very well, (4) there are 51% contribution of self-control to consumptive behavior, (5) there are 34% contribution of peer conformity to consumptive behavior, and (6) there are 60% contribution together with self-control and peer conformity towards consumptive behavior.
The Contribution of Self-Concept to assist Career Planning of Student
Authors: Yetni Gita Yandri , Mudjiran Mudjiran , Bentri Alwen
Published: December 2021

This study aims to describe the contribution of self-concept to career planning. The study is to be descriptive with population class XI and XII in SMAN 1 V Koto Timur which totaled 272 students with samples of the study amounted to 162 students. The technique used in sampling uses stratified random sampling. The research instrument uses a Likert measurement scale model. The data obtained were analyzed using percentage techniques. The research findings show that self-concept: (1) the perceptual or physical self-concept are a picture of a person associated with physical appearance being in the category of high; (2) conceptual or psychological self-concept which is also called psychological self-concept is a picture of a person of himself, his abilities or disabilities, his future, and includes the quality of his life change, honesty, self-confidence, freedom, and courage on the category of high; (3) attitudinal is a component that involves how individuals weigh their feelings about themselves about individual attitudes now and also hopes are in the high category. Students still lack self-understanding related to their future. Ideally, students who have careful planning for their careers have positive self-concepts. The successes and failures of students in determining their career planning are closely related to students 'self-understanding, students' understanding of the environment and career information obtained from career guidance in their schools.