bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Action of Oral Salmonella-Based Vaccine to Prevent and Reverse Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice
Authors: Cobb Jacob , Rawson Jeffrey , Gonzalez Nelson , Singer Mahmoud , Kandeel Fouad , Husseiny Mohamed I.
Published: March 2024

A combination therapy of preproinsulin (PPI) and immunomodulators (TGFβ+IL10) orally delivered via genetically modified Salmonella and anti-CD3 promoted glucose balance in in NOD mice with recent onset diabetes. The Salmonella bacteria were modified to express the diabetes-associated antigen PPI controlled by a bacterial promoter in conjunction with over-expressed immunomodulating molecules. The possible mechanisms of action of this vaccine to limit autoimmune diabetes remained undefined. In mice, the vaccine prevented and reversed ongoing diabetes. The vaccine-mediated beneficial effects were associated with increased numbers of antigen-specific CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs, CD4+CD49b+LAG3+ Tr1-cells, and tolerogenic dendritic-cells (tol-DCs) in the spleens and lymphatic organs of treated mice. Despite this, the immune response to Salmonella infection was not altered. Furthermore, the vaccine effects were associated with a reduction in islet-infiltrating lymphocytes and an increase in the islet beta-cell mass. This was associated with increased serum levels of the tolerogenic cytokines (IL10, IL2, and IL13) and chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, GM-CSF, IL6, IL12, and TNFα) and chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL5). Overall, the data suggest that the Salmonella-based vaccine modulates the immune response, reduces inflammation, and promotes tolerance specifically to an antigen involved in autoimmune diabetes.
Impact of ChAdOx1 or DNA Prime Vaccination on Magnitude, Breadth, and Focus of MVA-Boosted Immunogen-Specific T Cell Responses
Authors: Olvera Alex , Romero-Martin Luis , Oriol-Tordera Bruna , Rosas-Umbert Miriam , Escribà Tuixent , Mothe Beatriz , Brander Christian
Published: March 2024

The efficacy of anti-viral T-cell vaccines may greatly depend on their ability to generate high-magnitude responses targeting a broad range of different epitopes. Recently, we created the HIV T-cell immunogen HTI, designed to generate T-cell responses to protein fragments more frequently targeted by HIV controllers. In the present study, we aim to maximize the breadth and magnitude of the T-cell responses generated by HTI by combining different vaccine vectors expressing HTI. We evaluated the ability to induce strong and broad T-cell responses to the HTI immunogen through prime vaccination with DNA plasmid (D) or Chimpanzee Adenovirus Ox1 (ChAdOx1; C) vectors, followed by a Modified Virus Ankara (MVA; M) vaccine boost (DDD, DDDM, C, and CM). HTI-specific T-cell responses after vaccination were measured by IFN-γ-ELISpot assays in two inbred mice strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c). CM was the schedule triggering the highest magnitude of the response in both mice strains. However, this effect was not reflected in an increase in the breadth of the response but rather in an increase in the magnitude of the response to specific immunodominant epitopes. Immunodominance profiles in the two mouse strains were different, with a clear dominance of T-cell responses to a Pol-derived peptide pool after CM vaccination in C57BL/6. Responses to CM vaccination were also maintained at higher magnitudes over time (13 weeks) compared to other vaccination regimens. Thus, while a ChAdOx1 prime combined with MVA booster vaccination generated stronger and more sustained T-cell responses compared to three DNA vaccinations, the ChAdOx1 primed responses were more narrowly targeted. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the choice of vaccine vectors and prime-boost regimens plays a crucial role in determining the strength, duration, breadth, and focus of T-cell responses, providing further guidance for selecting vaccination strategies.
The Role of Biological Sex in Pre-Clinical (Mouse) mRNA Vaccine Studies
Authors: Binici Burcu , Rattray Zahra , Schroeder Avi , Perrie Yvonne
Published: March 2024

In this study, we consider the influence of biological sex-specific immune responses on the assessment of mRNA vaccines in pre-clinical murine studies. Recognising the established disparities in immune function attributed to genetic and hormonal differences between individuals of different biological sexes, we compared the mRNA expression and immune responses in mice of both biological sexes after intramuscular injection with mRNA incorporated within lipid nanoparticles. Regarding mRNA expression, no significant difference in protein (luciferase) expression at the injection site was observed between female and male mice following intramuscular administration; however, we found that female BALB/c mice exhibit significantly greater total IgG responses across the concentration range of mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in comparison to their male counterparts. This study not only contributes to the scientific understanding of mRNA vaccine evaluation but also emphasizes the importance of considering biological sex in vaccine study designs during pre-clinical evaluation in murine studies.
Molecular Detection of Candidatus Anaplasma camelii in Naturally Infected Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates, 2019–2023
Authors: Ishag Hassan Zackaria Ali , Habeeba Shameem , El Tigani-Asil El Tigani Ahmed , Yuosf Mohd Farouk , Al Hammadi Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel Hameed , Commey Abraham Nii Okai , Bin Hraiz Hashel Talal Aboud Amer , Shah Asma Abdi Mohamed , Khalafalla Abdelmalik Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

The recent emergence of anaplasmosis in camels has raised global interest in the pathogenicity and zoonotic potential of the pathogen causing it and the role of camels as reservoir hosts. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), molecular studies and genetic characterization of camel-associated Anaplasma species are limited. This study aimed to characterize molecularly Anaplasmataceae strains circulating in dromedary camels in the UAE. Two hundred eighty-seven whole-blood samples collected from dromedary camels across regions of the Abu Dhabi Emirate were received between 2019 and 2023 at the Abu Dhabi Agriculture and Food Safety Authority (ADAFSA) veterinary laboratories for routine diagnosis of anaplasmosis. The animals were sampled based on field clinical observation by veterinarians and their tentative suspicion of blood parasite infection on the basis of similar clinical symptoms as those caused by blood parasites in ruminants. The samples were screened for Anaplasmataceae by PCR assay targeting the groEL gene. Anaplasmataceae strains were further characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the groEL gene. Thirty-five samples (35/287 = 12.2%) tested positive for Anaplasmataceae spp. by PCR assay. Nine positive samples (9/35 = 25.7%) were sequenced using groEL gene primers. GenBank BLAST analysis revealed that all strains were 100% identical to the Candidatus A. camelii reference sequence available in the GenBank nucleotide database. Phylogenetic analysis further indicated that the sequences were close to each other and were located in one cluster with Candidatus A. camelii sequences detected in Saudi Arabia, Morocco, and the UAE. Pairwise alignment showed that the UAE sequences detected in this study were completely identical and shared 100% identity with Candidatus A. camelii from Morocco and Saudi Arabia and 99.5% identity with Candidatus A. camelii from the UAE. This study demonstrates the presence of Candidatus A. camelii in UAE dromedary camels. Further critical investigation of the clinical and economical significance of this pathogen in camels needs to be carried out.
Use of Contactless Payment System to Prevent The Spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Kotjoprayudi Raswyshnoe Boing , Kastaman Kastaman
Published: March 2024

World Health Organization has classified COVID-19 as a pandemic. Many hotels were forced to close because no guests came. Scientists agree that COVID-19 cannot be stopped, experts believe it can be delayed greatly using current "social distancing". This study aims to support the development of payment applications using the Contactless Payment (CP) method by presenting statistical data usage in people around the world. CP payments have become popular and are more accepted as a new payment method in both developed and developing countries. CP continues to grow and influences many factors such as greater spread, financial inclusion, and becoming more convenient, faster, and cheaper. CPs like this play an important role in shaping ecosystems, from regulators, financial institutions, toolmakers, retailers, or vendors, to consumers themselves. The results demonstrated that the technology developed was capable of speeding up and simplifying the hotel booking transaction process. The study's findings also show that the system that was constructed is helpful and that it can be used as part of the digital transformation of direct payments into online payments, as well as one of the options for decreasing the spread of the pandemic. The research conducted in this journal is using quantitative research. The use of CP in Indonesia after the pandemic increased in 2019 (0.3%) and 2020 (0.6%) from the previous year. The presentation method used is secondary data and literature study. This study will compare survey results from several kinds of literature.
Design of Merchandise Inventory Accounting Information System Using Web-Based SAK ETAP Standard at Frozen Food Distribution Store
Authors: Natansya Tyas Sylva Fitrian , Purfini Apriani Puti
Published: March 2024

Inventory of trade goods is important in the process of buying and selling activities in a trading company, in this case it can be concluded that inventory is important for every company to supervise and manage the inventory owned. This research was conducted at the Frozen Food Distribution Store located at Rajawali Timur Street No. 68, Ciroyom, Andir, Bandung City, West Java 40182. Frozen Food Distribution Store is a trading company, selling products in the form of Frozen Food types. The method to be used in the implementation of research is the descriptive method is the process of solving problems that will be researched by describing situations that are objects or subjects. There are three data collections, namely, observation, interview and literature review. The author made the design of this application based on the website, the purpose of making this information system is expected that this system will help in carrying out daily activities in trading at the Frozen Food Distribution Store. The use of this information system is to manage inventory well with inventory cards. The results of the author's research on frozen food distribution stores do not yet have a merchandise inventory information system in which financial statements are made, the information system is made to have inventory card features to financial reporting and receive income statements every month to see profits, according to applicable accounting standards. Merchandise inventory information systems can help with weaknesses in the running system.
Optimizing Information System Management in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises: A COBIT 5 Framework Approach for Enhanced Quality
Authors: Bahri Ramadhan Syaeful , Putra Yeffry Handoko
Published: March 2024

This study aims to establish a framework for governing information systems in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), focusing on decision-making processes in advanced and emerging MSME clusters. COBIT 5 is employed to identify variables and guide the research stages. The research will specifically examine MSMEs located in Bandung District. The evaluation of governance quality for each target, which includes Nurtured MSMEs and Advanced MSMEs, involves utilizing the Process Assessment Model (PAM) derived from COBIT 5. In addition to gathering preliminary data through interviews and surveys conducted in Bandung District, this initial investigation also involved a comparative analysis of various methods employed in prior research about the study's subject matter. The findings from this study reveal that the data processing procedures for MSMEs in the Bandung Regency involve the use of computer/laptop devices. However, certain MSMEs face challenges in adequately managing the acquired data, emphasizing the necessity for more effective data management to ensure the produced data attains the quality required for constructing a model for advanced MSMEs. On the contrary, some other MSMEs in the Bandung Regency exhibit proficient data management practices, conducting regular evaluations of data and information, and basing their decisions on the analyzed data. These two scenarios serve as benchmarks for understanding the decision-making processes of both emerging and advanced MSMEs about data. The aspiration is that the outcomes of this study can serve as a benchmark, offering best practices for MSMEs to enhance the quality of their Decision-Making and achieve excellence in their business operations.
Asclépios, Dieu Péan et Sauveur. Les enjeux communautaires de la dédicace d’Isyllos d’Épidaure
Authors: Vandermeiren Élodie
Published: March 2024

Asclepios, God Paean and Savior. Community Issues relating to Isyllos’ Dedication in Epidaurus – This paper deals with the Isyllos inscription found in Epidaurus (IG IV2 128). This text has been well known since its discovery in the XIXth century. To date, scholars have focused on the paean, on the religious ceremonies recorded in the text or on the biographical elements of the author Isyllos. In this article, I would like to present a new analysis of the structure of the inscription, focusing on its epigraphic and metrical components. First of all, I will consider the epigraphic features and assume that the text may be seen as a whole. I will then give some background information about the author and give a discourse analysis based interpretation of Isyllos’ composition as a poetic act that can be related to other inscriptions from Epidaurus (IG IV2 121 and 125).
DASHMOB: uma ferramenta para análise dos dados abertos da PRF
Authors: Santos Rafael Cavalcante dos , Santos Gilwan Souza , Gonçalves Samara Martins Nascimento
Published: March 2024

A ferramenta DashMob foi desenvolvida a partir de informações disponibilizadas pela PRF entre janeiro e maio de 2023, obtidas do Portal Transparência do Governo Federal. Esse sistema se destaca por fornecer não apenas uma visão abrangente dos acidentes notificados nas rodovias federais por todo Brasil, mas também análises detalhadas e dados relevantes para investigações e políticas de segurança nas rodovias. O DashMob foi desenvolvido em Python, levando em consideração os processos de limpeza, processamento e visualização dos dados através das bibliotecas Pandas e Plotly. Com mapas e gráficos interativos, a ferramenta oferece instruções para reconhecer tendências e padrões nos acidentes. Seu sistema informativo inclui a obtenção de dados da PRF e a implementação de práticas de limpeza para o desenvolvimento de um painel informativo coeso. Além disso, o sistema possui uma arquitetura simplificada que enfatiza o uso de bibliotecas Python para agilizar a tomada de decisões e facilitar a compreensão sobre os dados. Desde colisões traseiras até colisões frontais, os resultados mostram a classificação de diversos tipos de acidentes, oferecendo uma compreensão abrangente das ocorrências registradas.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Game Untuk Siswa SMK Negeri 5 Pekanbaru Menggunakan Aplikasi Scratch
Authors: Elviyenti Mona , Ramadona Suci , Yulina Syefrida
Published: March 2024

Di era yang semakin mendekati Industri 5.0, setiap individu mulai dari anak-anak hingga lansia pada banyak aspek kehidupan berketergantungan dengan teknologi baik untuk membantu kegiatan sehari-hari, pekerjaan bahkan kebutuhan akan hiburan. Oleh sebab itu saat ini kesadaran terhadap teknologi diperkenalkan pada usia yang lebih dini. Hal ini mendorong Sekolah untuk memperkenalkan lebih banyak aspek teknologi yang berhubungan dengan computer dengan metode yang semakin bervariasi. Untuk membantu pemenuhan kebutuhan pihak sekolah, pelatihan pembuatan game diberikan kepada siswa, menggunakan aplikasi scratch. Aplikasi scratch digunakan untuk mendukung pemenuhan kebutuhan sekolah, memperkenalkan aplikasi yang dapat dengan mudah dipelajari oleh siswa. Aplikasi scratch menghasilkan model animasi untuk menjadi salah satu alternatif media pembelajaran bagi siswa. Pengembangan media ini mengikuti model 4D yang terdiri dari 4 tahap pengembangan yaitu: pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran. uji coba program dilakukakan pada siswa kelas 10 jurusan TIK, SMK N 5 Pekanbaru.
Les reines et l’orfèvrerie. Pour un autre regard sur la culture matérielle de la cour de France (XIVe-XVe siècles)
Authors:   , Antille Diane
Published: March 2024

This research focuses on the material culture of the queens of France in the 14th-15th centuries. It is based on the hypothesis that an analysis of objects in precious metals known from accounts, testaments, and inventories allows us to revisit the marginal place these women and their objects occupy in the historiography of art history. The study seeks to answer the following questions: What can we learn from goldsmith works about queenship? How do they inform queens’ relationship to power? Through the analysis of bodily adornments, prayer objects and tableware, the aim is to highlight the role of these precious objects in court life. Therefore, this study examines the gender tensions between the queen and the king. To do this, we use an innovative methodology. It takes as starting point the material analysis of metalworks, which have the particularity of being known today only through textual records. The result is the uncovering of a special relationship between women and objects, and a new look at the power of objects in courtly society. From a methodological point of view, this research demonstrates how the study of absence contributes to art history.
IMPLEMENTASI PELAYANAN PRAKONSEPSI SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Widaryanti Rahayu , Yuliani Istri
Published: March 2024

Latar belakang: : Kesehatan reproduksi prakonsepsi merupakan pondasi dari perkembangan kesehatan ibu dan anak yang dapat disiapkan sejak dini, bahkan sebelum perempuan hamil dan melahirkan. Kesehatan perempuan pada masa prakonsepsi mempengaruhi kesehatan individu serta generasi yang akan dilahirkan. Pelayanan kesehatan prakonsepsi bertujuan untuk mengurangi risiko kesakitan dan kematian pada ibu serta bayi yang akan dilahirkan. Tujuan: Untuk mengeksplorasi implementasi pelayanan prakonsepsi selama pandemi Covid-19. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kulaitatif dengan pendekatan studi fenomenologi, Pemilihan menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling, data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tehnik wawancara mendalam, observasi, telaah dokumen dan FGD Informan pada Penelitian ini adalah petugas KIA, ahli gizi dan Kepala Puskesmas di wilayah Kota Yogyakarta. Analisi data meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil: Pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan prakonsepsi tetap dilakukan selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan tetap memperhatikan protokol kesehatan. Jenis pelayanan yang diberikan antara lain pemeriksaan kesehatan umum, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang seperti pemeriksaan laboratorium wajib dan rekomendasi, pemberian imunisasi tetanus toxoid, konsultasi gizi, suplementasi gizi (Fe dan asam folat), konseling kesehatan serta konseling psikologi. Kesimpulan: Implementasi pelayanan prakonsepsi selama pandemic Covid-19 tetap dilakukan sesuai standar minimal dan tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan, serta terdapat layanan edukasi secara daring.
Penanganan Pandemi COVID-19 oleh WHO: Telah Kritis terhadap Konsep Global Health Security
Authors: Mawaddah Falih Rif’atul , Bainus Arry , Yulianti Dina
Published: March 2024

World Health Organization (WHO) merupakan organisasi internasional yang memimpin upaya penanganan global atas pandemi Covid-19. Dalam penetapan berbagai kebijakannya, WHO merujuk pada konsep Global Health Security yang hingga kini masih menjadi perdebatan di kalangan para pemikir, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan implementasi kebijakan tersebut di negara miskin dan berkembang. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara kritis kebijakan penanganan pandemi Covid-19 yang direkomendasikan oleh WHO dan implementasinya di Indonesia, Turki, dan Turkmenistan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif,  melalui pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur. Temuan penelitian ini adalah adanya kendala dalam implementasi kebijakan penanganan pandemi yang direkomendasikan WHO di tiga negara tersebut, yaitu kendala teknis seperti kurang memadainya fasilitas kesehatan, sulitnya pemberlakuan lock down untuk menghambat persebaran virus, hingga permasalahan terkait citra pemerintah dalam penanganan pandemic, dan hal ini merupakan akibat dari penggunaan konsep Global Health Security.
EVALUATING THE HIDDEN INCIPIENT LESION AMONG POST ORTHODONTIC TREATED ADULTS IN CHENGALPATTU DISTRICT– A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: S Preethi. , B Ravisankar. , S Kalaivani. , K Rajeswary.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: One of the most frequent side effects of fixed orthodontic therapy is the development of white spot lesions
(WSL) surrounding fixed orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the patients' awareness of the
possibility of developing WSLs while undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment, as well as the patients' oral hygiene
practices and any preventive measures administered during treatment. Methodology: Questionnaires are used in this
cross-sectional observational study. Convenience sampling was used to choose the subjects from among orthodontic
patients who visited the orthodontic OPD.Individuals who met the requirements for inclusion were requested to respond
to the surveys. The knowledge evaluations focused on how orthodontic patients should maintain their dental hygiene
and how WSL develops during treatment. Results: The questionnaires were distributed to 32 subjects in total. The
majority of them were unaware that having braces can result in the development of WSL around the brackets. Of those
who maintained oral hygiene,a large number of people brush their teeth more than twice a day. Of them,about 75% said
that their orthodontic doctor placed a strong emphasis on proper tooth cleaning technique. Conclusion: The majority of
patients have a rudimentary understanding of white spot lesions as a side effect of fixed orthodontic treatment and good
mouth hygiene habits.Treatment outcomes will be improved by raising their knowledge on fixed orthodontic treatment
and their development of WSL for ortho patient.
Effect of Pruning on Growth, Yield and Quality of Coffee
Authors: Rahman M. G. , Malek M. A. A. , Hossain M. A. , Islam M.
Published: March 2024

The experiment was carried out at the existing plantation of Hill Agricultural Research Station at Khagrachari during 2021-22 to find out the pruning method for maintaining tree size and impact of pruning on yield and quality of coffee. Coffea canephora (syn. Coffea robusta) commonly known as robusta coffee from the existing coffee orchard of HARS, Khagrachari was selected for the study. All treatments produced higher yield than control treatments. Maximum yield was found in P3 (9.14 kg/plant) followed by p5 (8.86 kg/plant). On the other hand, control treatments produced lowest amount of coffee per plant. All treatments showed higher yield than control treatment. Yield increased maximum 49.7% found in P3 treatment over control. In a nutshell the present finding shows that pruning increase yield potentiality of old coffee orchard.
Nuna
Authors: Pongérard Julien
Published: March 2024

The Inuit land is often known through Western phrasings such as the “Arctic” or the “Great North.” In this article, based on an extensive review of literature, I focus on the name the Inuit give to their own land, which is one of the only words common to all Inuit dialects: nuna. Studying the word’s meaning casts light on a peculiar indigenous territoriality, and on the centrality of environment in Inuit ways of life and holism thinking. The Inuit conceptualize their inhabiting of the circumpolar region in a way radically opposed to Western narratives of wilderness or wasteland.

In the late twentieth century, nuna was turned into a key component of identity politics. Inuit peoples linguistically reappropriated their lands, in parallel with formal land claims and the recognition of Inuit self-governed territories. Nuna is at the core of these processes, as the concept justifies the claims for recognition of vernacular toponyms, and the vocable itself was included in the names of Inuit regions. Nuna as an indigenous political banner helps understanding the imagination of Inuit political communities, emerging from a dialectical co-construction of identities and territories mediated through the linguistics of place.
Åland as a Special Case
Authors: Nihtinen Atina Laura K.
Published: March 2024

The present article discusses two sets of issues. On the one hand, I consider the different factors and circumstances which have influenced relations between Swedish and Finnish on Åland and the implications of political change. On the other hand, I discuss the ways in which these are understood and presented in history writing. By considering continuity and change in history writing and language discussions I argue that history writing has changed from a rather monolithic interpretation rooted in nationalism and the early decades of autonomy towards a more versatile interpretation (such as considering Åland as being connected to both east and west and ideas such as many Ålands). At the same time the role of Swedish remains important, both as a matter of continuity (history) and as a matter of its instrumental function.
Sami Sieidis in a Nordic Context?
Authors: Mundal Else
Published: March 2024

In the present article, the author discusses two Old Norse texts that may indicate that the Sami cult of sieidis had spread to the neighbouring Old Norse culture in the period before the Christianization of Norway. One of these texts is found in the Older Eiðsifaþing law, the law of the inland part of Eastern Norway. According to this law, it was prohibited to believe in (the power of) the finnar (Sami), and among their powerful objects, rót (the root of a tree) is mentioned. This root is in all likelihood a Sami sieidi that was sought out by Norwegians for help, probably for medical reasons. The other text is a notice in the Icelandic Landnámabók in which it is mentioned that a settler from Northern Norway worshipped some stones in the outfields on the border of his settlement, called Gunnsteinar. There are closer parallels to this outfields cult in Sami culture than in Old Norse culture.
Personal Religion among the Ancient Scandinavians and the Fulltrúi-Concept
Authors: Hultgård Anders
Published: March 2024

The question of personal religion among the ancient Scandinavians has centered around the concept of having a deity as one’s fulltrúi ‘trustworthy friend,’ ástvinr ‘close friend,’ or vinr ‘friend.’ Most scholars of the twentieth century regarded the concept as a true expression of pre-Christian Germanic belief. By contrast, modern scholarship strongly tends to see it as a construct of medieval authors who took the saints’ cult as a model to describe the personal piety of their ninth and tenth century compatriots. On the basis of a passage in the Old Norse translation of Clemens saga, corroborated with archaeological evidence and some skaldic verse, e.g. Sonatorrek, the present study argues that the religious concept of fulltrúi and its parallel terms developed in pre-Christian times.
The Ainu Bear Ceremony and the Logic behind Hunting the Deified Bear
Authors: Yamada Takako
Published: March 2024

All nations have their own view of the world in which they live, of nature, of society, and of the human self. The Hokkaido Ainu’s world view, for example, is deeply connected with their way of life, backed by man–nature relationships, and what this relationship symbolizes is always part of their rituals. The Ainu are known as one of the peoples, like the Sami, the Khanty, and the Nivkh, who perform a bear festival, although they deify the bear and refer to it using the term kamui [‘deity’ or ‘spirit’]. Moreover, the Ainu and the Nivkh perform the bear ceremony for a bear cub reared by them, although the meaning of the ceremonies differ between them. This paper aims to reveal the Ainu conception of the bear and bear ceremony, which enables them to hunt the deified bear, in terms of the Ainu bear ceremonial, their conception of kamui, and human-kamui relationships. The study reveals that the Ainu logic for hunting the bear, or kamui, is encapsulated in an idea about the necessity of maintaining the complementary and reciprocal relationship between humans and the kamui and, as such, the bear ceremony is a symbolic representation of this relationship.
How Academic Experiences and Educational Aspirations Relate to Well-Being and Health among Indigenous Sami Youth in Northern Norway
Authors: Nystad Kristine , Ingstad Benedicte , Spein Anna Rita
Published: March 2024

Increasingly, education occupies the lives of Indigenous adolescents worldwide. This qualitative study is part of the project “Circumpolar Indigenous Pathways to Adulthood” (CIPA), where the overall aim was to identify young people’s stressors in five circumpolar sites, and the resilience processes that safeguard transition into adulthood (Allen et al. 2014). The present study explores the everyday lives of young Sami in Northern Norway regarding educational demands and plans, related challenges and stressors and their impact on well-being, health and cultural continuity. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2010 (N=22) with reindeer husbandry affiliation (RH: 11) and non-reindeer husbandry affiliation (NRH: 11) adolescents, aged 13–19 (females: 12). School well-being was divided into educational factors (culture-based teaching, e.g. Sami handicraft and outdoor practices), environmental factors (e.g. school canteen) and social factors (e.g. caring teachers), while challenges and stressors were educational (e.g. getting good marks), environmental (e.g. noise) and social (e.g. bullying). Lower secondary school pupils called for more tradition-based teaching. Educational aspirations were highestamong females and NRH males. RH males generally planned to continue their traditional lifestyle and showed the strongest place attachment. We also address the maintenance of cultural continuity, which is important for the well-being and health of Indigenous youth.
Imprints on the Resource Landscape
Authors: Avango Dag
Published: March 2024

For several years, public debates about the future of the Arctic have included the growing global needs in minerals and energy resources. To explain and manage this development, it is important to understand impacts of previous extractive industries in the north. Using theoretical approaches from economic geography and science and technology studies, the aim of this article is to describe and explain the growth of mining in the Arctic and its consequences for people and environments. How and why have minerals in the Arctic been constructed as natural resources? What systems have been built to extract them, and what were their consequences? How has the legacies of mining been managed when the extraction has ceased and why? The development of mining is explained as resulting from not only economic interests, but also geopolitical considerations, institutional frameworks and cultural-ideological trends. The same drivers are involved in the making of post-extraction futures and the way people relate to the mining legacies through environmental remediation, re-purposing and heritagization.
Whatever Happened to the Black Swedes?
Authors: Brantly Susan
Published: March 2024

This article examines how historical fiction can impact a nation’s narrative of itself, and hence, issues of national identity. Ola Larsmo’s Maroonberget (1996) presents a story that challenges the narrative of Swedish homogeneity by tracing a history of black Swedes back to the 1700s. The novel undermines binary oppositions such as white/black and Swede/Immigrant by positing a model of hybridity. The reception of the novel in the Swedish press is examined in order to gauge the reactions to Larsmo’s novel in the contemporary cultural debate.
The Nineteenth Century Norwegian- Swedish Border
Authors: Berg Roald
Published: March 2024

The aim of the article is to study the border between Norway and Sweden during the nineteeth century on the basis of Karl Deutsch’s theory of “pluralistic security community” from the 1950s and modern international border theory and research literature on nation building processes.
The establishment of a non-violent border relationship including the development of a shared Norwegian-Swedish belief that political problems must and can be resolved by processes of peaceful change, was an issue that Deutsch dated to the years after the peaceful dissolution of the political union between them —in 1905. Confronted with an overview of the history of the border during the union period from 1814 to 1905, the article claims that the demilitarized union zone was established already in the 1820s. The border was gradually solidified as a consequence of the development of modern cartography, but its significance was weakened as a result of the industrialisation during the nineteeth century. On the emotional level it seems possible to find expressions of bad feelings based on bad historical experiences having political consequences, up till today.
Household Firewood Consumption in Sweden during the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Lindmark Magnus , Andersson Lars Fredrik
Published: March 2024

Household firewood consumption underwent significant changes during the industrial breakthrough. Recent literature on Sweden makes the case that greater energy efficiency drastically reduced rural household fuel consumption, while coal substituted for firewood in cities. This article shows that although coal substituted for wood in some urban areas, rural firewood consumption was not reduced. Higher standards of living indicate contrary to previous results that fuel consumption increased during the industrialisation process. The study shows that households with higher standard of living consumed more fuel and that rural households, due to lower fuel prices, consumed relatively more fuel than urban households. The result shows contrary to previous research that the total energy intensity decreased more rapidly after and not before the industrial breakthrough.
Climate Change, Moose and Humans in Northern Sweden 4000 cal. yr BP
Authors: Larsson Thomas B. , Rosqvist Gunhild , Ericsson Göran , Heinerud Jans
Published: March 2024

Major cultural and environmental changes took place in the interior of Northern Sweden, beginning about c. 4200 cal. yr BP (or 2200 cal. BC). We present a causal, plausible, relationship linking climate change, a key resource and human culture. Moose (Alces alces) disappeared relatively fast from the human culture evidenced by a rapid decrease in usage and symbolism. Given the climatic data reconstructed at hand, a drastic change towards colder and wetter conditions seems to have happened 4200–3600 BP, which affected moose population numbers and composition significantly. After analyzing multiple data sources we suggest that moose had become very rare due to climate change and that many of the northern Fennoscandian hunting cultures had no choice but to change their subsistence pattern and, perhaps, change their general way of life, as a response to the altered situation. Linking the past to the present we speculate whether climate change as the primary driver, together with human harvest as the secondary, can result in fast extinction of a key species.
Power and Inclusion
Authors: Latham Robert , Williams Lisa
Published: March 2024

This article is a critical study of the planning and design process of the Sustaining Arctic Observing Network (SAON). SAON, in its ambition to build a comprehensive, pan-Arctic monitoring system, seeks to integrate all relevant scientific and environmental monitoring sites in the Arctic, guided by an ethic of inclusion regarding the knowledge of indigenous Arctic peoples (KIAP). It is argued that the logics of inclusion in play, paradoxically, risks limiting the capacity for Arctic indigenous peoples to control their knowledge and its uses, to monitor the activities and outputs of SAON itself, and to appropriate the SAON system and its data for uses they control. This article also suggests an alternative approach: rather than place KIAP within SAON, it calls for planners to consider establishing knowledge relations between SAON and KIAP so that the distinct status of KIAP—in a position of exteriority to the comprehensive monitoring system—is acknowledged. Within these knowledge relations, differences in the production of knowledge can be effectively recognized, a site can be created for reviewing SAON’s monitoring work by local communities and practices, and strategies for open, adaptable data systems for local users can be established.
Northern Lights Chase Tours
Authors: Bertella Giovanna
Published: March 2024

This study is focused on the development of northern lights chase tourism, a particular type of northern lights tourism consisting in guided tours that have the goal to find good views of the northern lights. The theoretical approach is based on the understanding of the northern lights experience as a visual experience, and on the recognition of the tourism practitioners as the driving force to new product development. The empirical case concerns the recent development of northern lights chase tourism in the Tromsø area, in Northern Norway.

The aim of this study is to investigate the tourism practitioners’ understanding of the northern lights chase tourism, with a particular focus on the development of such a form of tourism as a source of positive memorable experiences. The research questions are: How is the northern lights chase tourism experience described by the tourism practitioners involved in its development? What are the recognized potentials, critical factors and challenges in terms of memorability?

On the basis of the empirical results, this study indicates actions directed at fully exploiting the identified potentials, and meeting the relative challenges, and considers critically the adopted theoretical approach proposing directions for future research.
A Female Perspective on Sami Bear Ceremonies
Authors: Westman Kuhmunen Anna
Published: March 2024

Researchers have often seen Sami bear ceremonies as exclusive male activities since the hunting was performed by men. This asymmetrical outlook on men’s and women’s participation in rituals is partly due to the old source material, which generally has a male point of departure. This view has also been reinforced by later researchers. By introducing Anna Tomasdotter and her account of the Sami bear ritual, a source not frequently used, the author of the article brings to the fore a female perspective on the ceremony. The complementary gender roles in Sami religion are thus put in focus.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBUATAN HAND SANITIZER BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL EKSTRAK DAUN CENGKEH
Authors: Prodyanatasari Arshy
Published: March 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic that hit all countries, including Indonesia, resulted in major changes, especially in the health sector. There is an appeal for social distancing and also more health consciousness such as washing hands or using hand sanitizer every time you want to and after activities, such as eating. Washing hands or using hand sanitizer aims to kill bacteria and viruses. The use of hand sanitizer can be a solution if there is no clean water that is easily accessible or more practical to use wherever you are. However, with the increasing need for hand sanitizers, there is a scarcity of hand sanitizers on the market. This requires the community to be creative in finding solutions to the scarcity. One of the efforts that can be made is to make a hand sanitizer based on local wisdom of clove leaf extract, where Blimbing Village has natural products of clove leaf extract that have not been optimally utilized. In this community empowerment PkM activity, residents are given education about the benefits, and how to use, and make hand sanitizers. In Mini PkM activities, the results showed that residents were enthusiastic about participating in PkM activities and were able to make hand sanitizers using available materials well, as well as an increase in knowledge about hand sanitizers. The increase in residents' knowledge can be seen from the statistical analysis of the pretest and posttest results. Based on the above, it can be concluded that community empowerment in making hand sanitizers based on local wisdom of clove oil extract can increase residents' knowledge and can be an alternative amid the scarcity of hand sanitizers on the market.
Proactive Fault Detection in Rotating Machinery using Machine Learning- A Survey
Authors: Parthiban R. , Madhumitha G. , Sowmiya P. Rathina , Shastika M.
Published: March 2024

This study presents a survey of approaches for proactive fault detection in rotating machinery, with a focus on the early identification of bearing faults to enhance equipment reliability and operational efficiency. Traditional methods, relying on physical sensors and manual inspections, often lack the ability to provide timely insights into emerging faults. In contrast, the surveyed approaches integrate non-contact vibration sensors with advanced machine learning techniques, revolutionizing fault detection capabilities. The study presents a brief overview of the methods used in classification of the rotating machinery defects using the machine learning and recommends a combination of machine learning methods at different stages to overcome the challenges of the traditional methods. The collected vibration signals undergo noise reduction via the Hilbert transform, followed by dimensionality reduction and feature selection using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Genetic Algorithms (GA), respectively. The selected features are then employed for fault detection and categorization using Random Forest (RF) and Deep Belief Networks (DBN). The Future work will involve the implementation and evaluation of these approaches in real-world industrial settings to validate their effectiveness and reliability.
A Comprehensive Survey on Exploring Covert Timing Channels in Network Security
Authors: Revathi S. , kumar B. Praveen , Ranjith M. , Sachithanantham M.
Published: March 2024

Covert timing channels play pivotal roles in spying, hacking, and data theft, enabling secret communication and surreptitious data exchange. They also find utility in secure conversations, message concealment, security testing, and privacy protection, underscoring their versatile application across diverse domains. However, the accuracy of covert timing channels may be compromised by network traffic patterns and time delays, potentially affecting data integrity. This survey paper primarily provides an brief overview of identifying and mitigating these influencing factors of existing covert timing channels and presents a suggested system that integrates Reversible Covert Timing Channel (CTC) steganography and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) to ensure secure communication and data encryption. By leveraging this combination, the system aims to enhance the resilience of covert communication channels against adversarial interference while safeguarding the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted data.
Who Owns Children’s DNA?
Authors: Bala Nila
Published: March 2024

In recent years, DNA has become increasingly easy to collect, test, and sequence, making it far more accessible to law enforcement. While legal scholars have examined this phenomenon generally, this Article examines the control and use of children’s DNA, asking who ultimately owns children’s DNA. I explore two common ways parents—currently considered “owners” of children’s DNA— might turn over children’s DNA to law enforcement: (1) “consensual” searches and (2) direct-to-consumer testing. My fundamental thesis is that parental consent is an insufficient safeguard to protect a child’s DNA from law enforcement. At present, the law leaves parents in complete control of children’s DNA, with parents’ and children’s interests viewed as totally unified. This Article is the first to argue that parents might have serious conflicts of interest and even encourage (or be the ones) sharing DNA with law enforcement.

This Article contributes to the literature by using the functional logic of a property rights framework, including property law’s rare virtue of historically recognizing children’s and parents’ interests as separate. A property-like interest in one’s DNA leads to solutions that create safeguards beyond parental consent. Ultimately, I advocate for moving from a framework of parents-as-owners to parents-as-fiduciaries—of both children’s DNA and of children themselves.
Estudo do conhecimento acerca de questões sociocientíficas, nanotecnologia, sequências didáticas e construção da argumentação publicadas no X, XI E XII ENPEC
Authors: Pacheco Rafael Scheffer , Robaina José Vicente Lima
Published: March 2024

O ensino de ciências requer o reconhecimento da necessidade da pluralidade de abordagens metodológicas em conjunto com uma atuação interdisciplinar, relacionando diferentes temas e colaborando com a construção do conhecimento. Este trabalho se configura como um estudo do conhecimento que traz uma revisão das publicações do X, XI e XII ENPEC, nas quais se identificou elementos relacionados às temáticas: Nanotecnologia, Sequência Didática, Questões Sociocientíficas e Construção da Argumentação. Durante a busca, foram identificados 120 trabalhos relacionados a esses temas. As diferentes temáticas foram analisadas separadamente e, em um segundo momento, foram cruzadas a fim de compreender o andamento da intersecção da complexidade dessas temáticas e como essa tessitura do conhecimento tem se apresentado nas pesquisas brasileiras.
A temática Radioatividade e a abordagem CTS nos Livros Didáticos de Química do PNLD 2018: uma análise dos textos complementares
Authors: De Lira Saimon Hugo Moreira , Batinga Verônica Tavares Santos
Published: March 2024

A introdução de temáticas e recursos didáticos complementares sob a ótica da abordagem Ciência-Tecnologia-Sociedade (CTS) são alguns dos indícios das mudanças que os livros didáticos de química vêm passando ao longo dos anos. Este trabalho objetiva identificar e analisar os textos complementares (TCs) (recursos didáticos) sugeridos para a temática Radioatividade nos livros didáticos de química, aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático 2018. Este estudo é de caráter qualitativo e do tipo documental. Foram selecionados cinco volumes das seis coleções aprovadas pela inclusão da temática investigada, e em seguida feita uma leitura completa dos capítulos relativos à Radioatividade, com base em critérios voltados para a estruturação de materiais didáticos CTS. Os resultados mostraram a presença de 32 textos complementares nos livros analisados que foram distribuídos por categorias da seguinte forma: Responsabilidade (5), Influências mútuas CTS (13), Relações com as questões sociais (13), Balanço de pontos de vista (6), Tomada de decisões e resolução de problemas (6), Ação responsável (4) e Integração de um ponto de vista (8). Conclui-se que as categorias Influências mútuas CTS e Relações com as questões sociais são as mais presentes nos TCs analisados que se apresentam como recursos didáticos adequados para o trabalho com aspectos da abordagem CTS em aulas de química.