bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF DETERMINANTS OF PERCEIVED EXPERIENTIAL VALUE FROM LUXURY GOODS RETAIL IN AHMEDABAD CITY
Authors: Sharma Aunkita , panchal Nilam
Published: July 2021

Luxury goods are defined as conducive to pleasure and comfort and also, hard to obtain. Building on the definition by Vigneron and Johnson (2004), we posit that luxury products can – either alternatively or cumulatively – deliver personal indulgence and social esteem on consumers, aside from the functional utility of owning or experiencing a good or service that offers superior value in terms of quality, design, performance, durability and overall customer satisfaction. Hence, by providing exceptional value and overall excellence, luxury products enable consumers to satisfy both or either of their socio-psychological and functional needs (Shukla, 2012; Wiedmann et al., 2007; Hennigs et al., 2012). Customer experience is again a real time concept, experience is more of personal and internal, this concept focuses more on the points of direct and indirect interaction between customer and organisation. Knowing such points of interaction is very vital in delivering complete customer experience. The present study is conducted in the city of Ahmedabad with sample size of 520. All the major luxury goods retailers are covered under the study. Major aim the study is to understand factors determining experiential value while customer is buying luxury goods from such organised retailers.
A STUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING DIGITALIZATION OF IPO
APPLICATION PROCESS
Authors: dave Darshini , Panchal Nilam
Published: July 2021

Initial Public Offering (IPO) is a type of public offering in which shares of an organization are
offered to institutional and retail investors. An IPO is underwritten at least one investment bank,
who additionally organize the shares to be listed on stock exchanges. Investors get to know about
the IPO Opening through Internet/Digital Media, Broker, Television, Print Media, Friends, and
Relatives. The preference of the same is being studied here through mean ranking. IPO application
was traditionally done in offline mode. It can be now done online too. The factors affecting Online
and offline application are ranked in this study. The factors like immediate blocking of amount,
easiness to submit option, Easy Monitoring, time saving and less complexity are in favor of online
Process. The Factors like Difficulty in monitoring progress, long time for blocking amount, Fear
of application form getting lost, Long Queue for submission of Form and Problem in unblo
ADOPTION OF MOOCS AND ONLINE TEACHING AMIDST THE
COVID-19 PANDEMIC, A STUDY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF
STUDENTS AND FACULTIES IN INDIA
Authors: Munshi Rahim Ahmed , Dave Darshana
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 Pandemic has presented a slew of challenges to almost every industry bringing
opportunities for few and challenges for others. The key to survival in this volatile, uncertain,
complex and ambiguous business environment is adapting and changing business processes
to suit the new normal. Education industry has not been immune to this pandemic; it has
brought a myriad of challenges and opportunities for the students and teachers community.
Institutions around the world have adopted E-teaching methods to serve the students from an
arm’s length; faculties have also taken lockdown period as an opportunity to sharpen their
knowledge domain by pursuing various MOOC/Online courses. This study is an effort to
understand consumer behavior in the adoption of E-learning/teaching among students and
faculties. The objective of this paper was to create and test two regression models on the
adoption of e-courses by students and adoption of online teaching/online learning among
faculties. Additional objectives included assessing the difference in adoption of elearning/teaching between different groups of students/faculties on the basis of demographic
factors.
Withanolide D of Ashwagandha improves Apoptosis in the Bone Marrow of Leukemic Murine Model
Authors: G Sayantan
Published: July 2021

Background: Leukemia is one of the most occurring haematological pathologies in the world which develops due to the impairment in the hematopoietic machinery. Cellular death via apoptosis is severely impaired in this pathophysiological condition and leads to the progression of the disease. Objective: We have tried to unearth the efficacy of Withanolide D, a steroidal lactone derived from Withania somnifera or Ashwagandha on some of the apoptotic machinery components, i.e. TERT, BCL2 and PUMA in the experimental leukemic mice. Materials and Methods: LD50 and EC50 values of Withanolide D were estimated. Three groups of animals were taken for experimental purpose i.e. Group I = Leukemic, (L); Group II = Control, (C); Group III = Leukemic treated with Withanolide D, (L + WD). Group III received Withanolide D via oral route and other two groups received equal volume of distilled water. Various cytological, immunofluorescence and flow cytometric studies were taken into consideration post administration. Result: Leukemic group showed increased cellular proliferation and decreased cellular death as compared to control. Post Withanolide D administration TERT, BCL2 and PUMA expression started to shift towards normal status. This shift in the expressional values of increased apoptosis rate and decreased cellular proliferation revealed by cytological, immunofluorescence studies and flow cytometric investigations. Conclusion: As Withanolide D decreased the suppression of apoptosis and impaired the progression of the disease, so, we can conclude that Withanolide D of Ashwagandha may hold a promise towards a new therapeutic strategy in leukemia.
Functional and Aesthetic Outcome Following Simultaneous Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Release and Correction of Chin Discrepancy by Lower Border Osteotomy-A Case Report
Authors: AN Datarkar , H Anukula , D Walke , A Deshpande , A Rai
Published: July 2021

This is a case report of a 19 year old adult female with facial asymmetry secondary to right Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) ankylosis with a history of previous surgery at the age of 10 years with gap arthroplasty for tmj ankylosis which was unsuccessful and lead to relapse .Because of decreased mouth opening and facial disfigurement patient was not able to have a quality life. She reported to our department where she got operated simultaneously for tmj ankylosis with interpositional arthroplasty using temporalis myofascial flap and novel osteotomy technique for correction of chin asymmetry. After surgery there is a significant improvement in patient both functionally and aesthetically.
Extra Articular False Ankylosis Following Fusion of Mandible to Zygomatic Bone and Maxilla Due to Ossifying Fibroma-A Rare Case Report
Authors: AN Datarkar , H Anukula , S Parmar , A Rai , S Gosavi
Published: July 2021

Trismus is a disturbing condition with varied etiology, one of them is Extra articular ankylosis. The extra articular ankylosis has been reported in the literature as a fusion of the coronoid process to the zygomatic bone or to the skull base. However, there are a very few cases reported in the literature that highlights a pathologic tumor of mandible leading to extra-articular ankylosis and subsequently resulting in trismus. We hereby present a unique case of young adult having restricted mouth opening due to the bony fusion of the mandibular ramus to the zygomatic bone and zygomaticomaxillary buttress region due to a pathologic tumor diagnosed as Ossifying Fibroma.
Novel Tailor made Multiblock Polyesters/Polycarbonates Biomaterials via Organometallic Polymerization Synthesis
Authors: A Bolley
Published: July 2021

Since 1940, mass production of polyolefin plastics produced annually has increased rapidly [1]. The most common plastics, which account for approximately 80% of the European plastic demand, are: Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Polystyrene (PS) (Figure 1) [2]. Therefore, plastic materials have experienced a substantial expansion, and are the most used materials nowadays. These materials have a wide range of application from packaging to electronic devices [3].
An Overview of Evidence that Mercury from Dental Fillings may be an Etiological Factor in Many Health Disorders
Authors: R Siblerud , J Mutter
Published: July 2021

Aim: The purpose of this paper is to summarize the research regarding the toxic health effects caused by mercury dental amalgams. Method: The study involved summarizing scientific articles in journals regarding health effects of dental amalgam mercury. Results: The science strongly suggests dental amalgam mercury may be an etiological factor in numerous health disorders. Mental health seems to be affected the most including such conditions as depression, anger, and irritability. Studies have also associated it with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The cardiovascular system also is affected including high blood pressure, heart rate, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cells. Subjects with amalgams have a decreased T lymphocyte percentage compared to a control, and the immunoglobins IgG, IgA, and IgE correlated with the number of amalgams. Myopia is reduced in amalgam bearing subjects but amalgam mercury is constricting the visual field. When comparing total health disorders of subjects with amalgams compared to those without, they suffered 45% more health disorders. Urine and hair mercury levels were significantly higher in subjects with amalgams compared to those without. The scientific evidence strongly suggests that amalgam mercury is associated with Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and amytrophic lateral sclerosis. Research has shown when amalgams are removed many health conditions improve. Conclusion: The evidence is overwhelming that mercury from dental amalgam is an etiological factor in many health disorders.
What Negative Effects Can Hormones Used Continuously Cause to the Patient?
Authors: HW Ling
Published: July 2021

From time to time, the author sees patients who stay menstruating outside their menstrual period or having colic pain during the cycle and for this reason they go to the gynecologist and they sometimes prescribe hormones. Some patients say that they took hormones without having a break for those who menstruate a lot and there are patients nowadays who stay for years and years taking this hormone without menstruation break [1].
Faster Evaluation of Contaminated Surfaces for Mould Inspections by Tape Sampling
Authors: J Meider , C Messal
Published: July 2021

Taking a tape-lift sample is one of the main practices used by indoor environmental quality investigators for detecting whether mould structures (for example, spores and hyphae) have either settled onto or colonized the surface. Despite the popularity of the method, there can be significant inconsistency in how tape lifts are collected and evaluated. The common ASTM standard D7910-14: Practice for the Collection of Fungal Material from Surfaces by Tape Lift, describes the correct way to collect a tape-lift sample. Using ASTM D7658-17: Standard Test Method for Direct Microscopy of Fungal Structures from Tape, semi-quantitative results in percentage of infested area in a scale from 0 up to 5 are available only. In case histories or for mould removal control, the total cell count is needed. This cannot be realized by the ASTM method. Therefore, an innovative method is asked to combine the quickness of taping and the precision of total cell count. Our research team developed two methods to quickly and fully quantify the tape samples. Regarding the assessment criteria, the user can decide to operate with the 3-LINE method to achieve the highest precision or use the faster 3-STEP method for even better results. Therefore, an innovative method is asked to combine the quickness of taping and the precision of total cell count. The aim of the work is to develop two strategies to quickly and comprehensive quantify the tape samples.
O IMPACTO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS NA DEMANDA DA GRAFITA
Authors: Vale Eduardo Vale
Published: July 2021

O texto apresenta uma síntese do estudo sobre a grafita (C) preparado pelo Ipea no âmbito da cooperação institucional (TED) com o MME. O relatório de pesquisa oferece um diagnóstico horizontal, embora focado em tópicos selecionados, e uma análise do impacto das novas tecnologias na demanda da grafita. A partir da análise da situação atual, são discutidos cenários prospectivos, de modo a referenciar as sugestões de políticas e ações setoriais de governo especificamente direcionadas à cadeia industrial da grafita.
CPT-TODIM METHOD FOR INTERVAL-VALUED BIPOLAR FUZZY MULTIPLE ATTRIBUTE GROUP DECISION MAKING AND APPLICATION TO INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SECURITY SERVICE PROVIDER SELECTION
Authors: Zhao Mengwei , Wei Guiwu , Guo Yanfeng , Chen Xudong
Published: July 2021

In recent years, a series of serious attacks against industrial control system (ICS), such as Stuxnet, Duqu, Flame and Havex, have sounded the alarm for industrial enterprises. For many industrial enterprises, it is a very important part of enterprise management decisions to evaluate ICS security suppliers and choose the appropriate one as a partner. The purpose of this paper is to build the TODIM method based on cumulative prospect theory (CPT-TODIM) to solve multiattribute group decision making problem under interval-valued bipolar fuzzy environment. This extraordinary model not only uses CPT to supplement the traditional TODIM method, but also introduces the entropy weight method to determine the attribute weight so as to avoid the negative influence of subjective weight on the decision result. In addition, in this model, all attribute evaluation information will be interval-valued bipolar fuzzy number (IVBFN) to cope with complex and fuzzy decision environment. Then, the most important part of this paper, we elaborate on the logical structure of the model. What’s more, in the last two sections, we apply this newly constructed model to the selection of ICS security suppliers, and verify the acceptability of this method by sensitivity analysis and comparing with IVBFWA and IVBFWG operator.
Studies of RR Lyrae Variables in Binary Systems. I. Evidence of a Trimodal Companion Mass Distribution
Authors: Hajdu Gergely , Pietrzyński Grzegorz , Jurcsik Johanna , Catelan Márcio , Karczmarek Paulina , Pilecki Bogumił , Soszyński Igor , Udalski Andrzej , Thompson Ian B.
Published: July 2021

We present 87 candidates for RR Lyrae variable stars in binary systems, based on our new search using the light-travel time effect (LTTE) and observed − calculated (O − C) diagrams in the Galactic bulge time-series photometry of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Out of these, 61 are new candidates, while 26 have been announced previously. Furthermore, 12 stars considered as binary candidates in earlier works are discarded from the list, either because they were found to have O − C diagrams incompatible with the LTTE or because their long-term periodicity is definitely caused by the Blazhko effect. This sample of RR Lyrae binary candidates allows us to draw the first firm conclusions about the population of such objects: no candidate has an orbital period below 1000 days, while their occurrence rate steadily increases with increasing period, and peaks between 3000 and 4000 days; however, the decrease in the number of stars toward even longer periods is probably the result of observational biases. The eccentricities show a very significant concentration between 0.25 and 0.3, with a quarter of candidates found in this single bin, overlaid on an otherwise flat distribution between 0.05 and 0.6. Only six stars have inferred eccentricities above 0.6. Lastly, the distribution of the mass functions is highly peculiar, exhibiting strong trimodality. We interpret these modes as the presence of three distinct groups of companions, with typical inferred masses of ∼0.6, ∼0.2, and ∼0.067 M
⊙, which can be associated with populations of white dwarf and main sequence, red dwarf, and brown dwarf companions, respectively.
Mapping the Hidden Magnetic Field of the Quiet Sun
Authors: Trelles Arjona J. C. , Martínez González M. J. , Ruiz Cobo B.
Published: July 2021

The Sun is the only star where we can resolve the intricate magnetism that all convective stars harbor. Yet, more than 99% of its visible surface along the solar cycle (the so-called quiet Sun) is filled with a tangled, unresolved magnetism. These “hidden” fields are thought to store enough magnetic energy to play a role in the heating of the Sun’s outer atmosphere, but its field strength is still not constrained. Previous investigations based on the Hanle effect in atomic lines claim a strong magnetization of about 100 G, while the same effect in molecules show a factor of 10 weaker fields. The discrepancy disappears if the magnetic field strength of the hidden field is not homogeneous in the solar surface. In this Letter, we prove using magnetohydrodynamical simulations that it is possible to infer the average field strength of the hidden quiet-Sun magnetic fields using multiline inversions of intensity profiles in the Zeeman regime. Using this technique with 15 spectral lines in the 1.5 μm spectral range, we reveal that the spatial distribution of the hidden field is strongly correlated with convection motions, and that the average magnetization is about 46 G. Reconciling our findings with the Hanle ones is not obvious and will require future work on both sides, since it implies an increase of the field strength with height, something that is physically questionable.
Biology and use of the Pacific fat sleeper Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844): state of the art review
Authors: Vega-Villasante Fernando , Ruiz-González Luis E. , Chong-Carrillo Olimpia , Basto-Rosales Mao E.R. , Palma-Cancino David J. , Tintos-Gómez Adrián , Montoya-Martínez Cynthia E. , Kelly-Gutiérrez Liza D. , Guerrero-Galván Saúl R. , Ponce-Palafox Jesús T. , Zapata Ana , Musin Gabriela E. , Badillo-Zapata Daniel
Published: July 2021

The present work is a review of the literature on the native Mexican fish Dormitator latifrons. The aim is to contribute to the integration and systematization of current knowledge to make it easier to identify existing knowledge gaps and breakthroghs Moreover, promote the successful cultivation and protection of this species whose consumption is increasing in Latin America. A review of the articles related to D. latifrons published in international and regional databases was carried out. The articles reviewed focus on taxonomy and systematics, phylogenetic, geographic distribution, ecology, physiology, reproduction, development, pathology, health, and the technologies used to cultivate this fish species. The conclusion is that, even though the cultivation of D. latifrons is of commercial interest in some countries, there are still significant gaps in our knowledge of biology and, consequently, the domestication potential of the species. Filling these gaps will require systematic research efforts on protecting natural populations and improving mass cultivation techniques.
Larval development of Microgobius tabogensis Meek & Hildebrand, 1928 (Pisces: Gobiidae) from a coastal lagoon in the Gulf of California, México
Authors: González-Navarro Enrique A. , Saldierna-Martínez Ricardo J. , Aceves-Medina Gerardo
Published: July 2021

In fish, the larval stage constitutes the most vulnerable phase in the life cycle and reveals important ecological and evolutive information of fish and fundamental data to manage marine ecosystems. However, their identity is one of the biggest gaps in knowledge, particularly for the Microgobius genus, where only three of 15 species have been described. In this study, the larval development of Microgobius tabogensis was described based on 116 specimens (2.75-14.20 mm standard length) from Ensenada de La Paz, Mexico. The typical gobiid body shape characterized larvae, a well-developed dorsally pigmented gas bladder, a curve at the hindgut, and 27 myomeres. The pigmentation pattern in M. tabogensis consisted of a series of melanophores along the ventral postanal midline, increasing from three to seven during the preflexion stage and up to 16 in the postflexion stage. It had three to five melanophores on the ventral preanal midline, one at the jaw angle and one on the dorsal postanal midline. Through all stages, one of the ventral melanophores was normally stellate, bigger than the others, and extended between the myomeres. A dorsal melanophore was located near the end of the intestine in the preflexion stage but disappeared with growth. Notochord flexion started at approximately 4.3 mm and ended at 5.1 mm. Anal fin development started at the beginning of the flexion stage, followed by the dorsal fin. All elements of the fins were formed by the late postflexion stage (14.2 mm).
La sonochimie, un domaine d’innovation sous-exploité ?
Authors: Chatel Grégory
Published: July 2021

La sonochimie, ou l’utilisation des ultrasons de puissance pour des applications en chimie, est fondée sur les effets physico-chimiques engendrés par la cavitation acoustique. Cette technologie de rupture fait l’objet de recherches académiques qui ont démontré récemment de nouvelles efficacités et réactivités, ainsi que des apports en termes de chimie verte, dans différentes applications en matière de chimie organique, de catalyse, de matériaux, de polymères, d’extraction ou encore de remédiation environnementale. La démonstration de procédés sonochimiques innovants à grande échelle permettrait de montrer le potentiel, peut-être sous-exploité, de la sonochimie pour l’industrie.
Recherche polycentrique, PME innovantes et exportations : les clés d’un succès allemand centré sur la photonique
Authors: Potier Julien
Published: July 2021

Pionnière dans la recherche sur les ondes non ionisantes électromagnétiques et acoustiques (ONIEA), l’Allemagne bénéficie d’une recherche universitaire, extra-universitaire et industrielle polycentrique, soutenue par des investissements publics et privés conséquents. La recherche sur les usages des ONIEA est essentiellement structurée autour du domaine photonique, allant de l’ultraviolet aux térahertz. La dynamique d’innovation dans ce secteur favorise l’émergence d’un tissu industriel dense, en particulier dans la production d’outils et de procédés industriels et à usage médical. De petites et moyennes entreprises innovantes tirant des exportations une part croissante de leur chiffre d’affaires y jouent un rôle prépondérant. L’Allemagne se distingue également par le fort encadrement institutionnel des ONIEA. Soutenu par les agences fédérales de radioprotection, un champ de recherche portant sur les effets potentiels des ONIEA sur la santé et l’environnement se développe, contribuant à la mise en place d’une législation prudente.
PLATE FIXATION OF TIBIAL SHAFT FRACTURES
Authors: Russo Vincent J , Mears Dana C
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT: The treatment of tibial shaft fractures is discussed with emphasis given to plate and screw fixation. A review of plate fixation of 65 tibial fractures is presented with average followup of 4.37 years. When reserved for unstable fractures with minor soft tissue disruption, internal fixation by the use of plates and screws resulted in a small incidence of deformity and shortening, with little risk of local complications. Comparison of our incidence of complications with those previously published illustrate that serious complications are mainly a result of the type and severity of the initial trauma. Some technical considerations are briefly discussed. Recommendations are proposed for the treatment of the various types of tibial shaft fractures.
Pêcheurs artisanaux en AMP : gardiens de la biodiversité ou des frontières maritimes ? (San Andrés, Colombie)
Authors: Berthod Justine
Published: July 2021

Dans une perspective d’anthropologie maritime, cet article analyse comment les pêcheurs artisanaux de l’archipel de San Andrés se trouvent propulsés en première ligne des conflits entre mise en commun et accaparement maritime. Ce faisant, il questionne en quoi cela participe à documenter le processus de maritimisation des sociétés. Construit sur un travail ethnographique au sein de coopératives de pêche, l’article interroge le positionnement des pêcheurs artisanaux en gardiens de la mer. Il envisage d’abord la revalorisation récente du statut de pêcheur artisanal sous l’effet de la patrimonialisation du maritime, puis la place de leurs « bonnes pratiques » en tant que formes symboliques d’appropriation localisée du territoire de pêche. Il pointe ensuite le rôle de gardiens de la mer des pêcheurs aux échelles régionales et sous-régionales. Sur fond de conflit frontalier régional et d’accès concurrentiel à l’exploration pétrolière, le rôle assigné au pêcheur par les institutions est patrimonial avant d’être environnemental. La réserve de biosphère remplit d’abord une fonction géopolitique, risquant de faire des pêcheurs des gardiens des frontières plus que de la biodiversité.
L’avenir des ressources génétiques marines au-delà des juridictions nationales : enjeux à l’aube d’un nouveau traité international
Authors: Brison Nathan , Frison Christine
Published: July 2021

Au cours des dernières décennies, la pression exercée sur l’environnement des zones marines situées au-delà de la juridiction nationale des États (ZAJN) n’a cessé de prendre de l’ampleur. Outre l’impact déjà visible d’activités telles que la pêche en haute mer et le trafic maritime, le futur développement de plusieurs activités, notamment l’exploitation de gaz, de pétrole, des ressources minérales et des ressources génétiques, laisse craindre de potentielles graves atteintes à l’environnement des ZAJN. Face à ce constat, l’Assemblée générale des Nations-Unies (AGNU) ouvrit, le 24 décembre 2017, des négociations sur un nouveau traité pour la conservation et l’utilisation durable de la biodiversité marine des ZAJN. Trois ans plus tard, de nombreux observateurs de ces négociations s’interrogent quant à l’avenir des océans, pointant l’urgence environnementale face au manque d’ambition du texte négocié. Dans cet article, nous effectuons une analyse juridique du traité en cours de négociation, et plus particulièrement du régime d’accès aux ressources génétiques marines et de partage des avantages, afin de démontrer que celui-ci offre une nouvelle illustration d’un dilemme récurrent des négociations environnementales : trouver le juste milieu entre l’adoption de normes trop peu ambitieuses pour atteindre les objectifs de conservation, ou trop ambitieuses pour assurer l’adhésion des États. Or, quand il s’agit de conservation de la biodiversité, la balance des intérêts économiques et environnementaux a bien souvent penché du côté des premiers. Nous avançons que ce curseur pourrait être déplacé grâce à la gouvernance des ZAJN comme bien commun global. Cette vision globale, intersectorielle, intégrée et pluridisciplinaire permettrait d’œuvrer non seulement à une meilleure conservation de la biodiversité marine, mais également au partage des avantages, au renforcement des capacités et au transfert de techniques plus respectueuses de l’environnement. La crise sanitaire mondiale qui a débuté en 2020 démontre l’urgence d’un changement de paradigme et d’une reconceptualisation de notre rapport à la biodiversité. Face aux limites de la stratégie réactive traditionnelle, nous plaidons pour une action systémique en amont, qui implique de repenser nos modes de gestion, d’utilisation, et de valorisation des ressources naturelles, de même que de replacer la biodiversité et les écosystèmes au cœur de nos sociétés. C’est dans cette nouvelle dynamique que devront impérativement se poursuivre, en août 2021, les négociations de l’accord portant sur les ZAJN, afin de préserver la véritable richesse de nos océans.
L’impossible gouvernement de la migration? Gestions locales d’espèces globales : les migrateurs amphihalins (anguille européenne et saumon atlantique)
Authors: Danto Anatole
Published: July 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux modes de gouvernement de deux espèces de poissons grands migrateurs amphihalins : l’anguille européenne (Anguilla anguilla) et le saumon atlantique (Salmo salar). Basé sur une longue enquête ethnographique, ce texte propose d’analyser les modalités des gouvernements des pêcheries et des stocks en Europe continentale (Ouest de la France) et ultramarine (Archipel de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon), en démontrant la globalisation à laquelle font face ces espèces et leurs filières de capture et de consommation. Espèces en déclin, leur protection a été mise sur le haut de l’agenda dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, mais des problématiques apparaissent bien plus tôt. L’action publique contemporaine s’intéresse donc de près à ces deux espèces, et tente de mettre en place, à l’aide de divers instruments, des politiques publiques adaptées. Mais ces politiques se basent souvent sur du pré-existant, au lieu de s’inspirer d’autres modes de gouvernement, qui, eux, sont désormais mis en avant en dehors du champ politique occidental par une diversité croissante d’acteurs.
Énergies renouvelables et coopération transfrontalière : la gouvernance multi-niveaux du processus de planification énergétique
Authors: Aras Melis
Published: July 2021

Conformément aux engagements internationaux (Accord de Paris sur le climat) et européens (paquet « Une énergie propre pour tous les Européens »), l’urgence climatique nécessite non seulement de promouvoir la production d’électricité à partir de sources d’énergies renouvelables (SER) afin de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre (GES), mais aussi de développer le potentiel de coopération entre toutes les parties prenantes, y compris les États membres, les autorités locales et les citoyens, pour une action à la fois commune (européenne) et décentralisée. La stratégie européenne pour une « Union de l’énergie », confirmant la nécessité de recourir aux SER, considère la coopération transfrontalière comme étant l’un des vecteurs de la transition énergétique européenne. Cependant, la coopération transfrontalière en matière d’énergies renouvelables nécessite de revoir le processus de planification énergétique, ainsi que les modes de gouvernance existants du fait de la multiplication des acteurs dans le processus de décision et de l’émergence de nouvelles conditions et méthodes pour leur coordination. Cet article examine le cadre institutionnel du processus de planification du développement des SER et cherche à mettre en évidence les formes de gouvernance présentes à différentes échelles du territoire. En adoptant l’approche traditionnelle basée sur l’analyse des textes normatifs existants, ainsi qu’à la lumière du cadre juridique actuel en France, l’objectif de cet article est également de démontrer dans quelle mesure la coopération transfrontalière dans le contexte européen de la transition énergétique est une réalité.
Bien-être et diagnostic territorial
Authors: Bourdeau-Lepage Lise , Rolland Lisa
Published: July 2021

Le bien-être des habitants est un des objectifs des politiques publiques. Aussi, est-il bienvenu de proposer des méthodes qui placent le bien-être au centre des diagnostics territoriaux. Cet article présente un outil cartographique participatif, nommé Escapat, de mise en œuvre d’un diagnostic territorial de manière collective. Il permet de déterminer les éléments essentiels de bien-être pour les habitants du territoire sur lequel il est utilisé. Dans cet article, Escapat est utilisé dans trois espaces ruraux isolés de la Drôme et d’Ardèche (France) auprès de groupes d’habitants. L’expérimentation de l’outil Escapat souligne sa capacité à activer la gouvernance territoriale en tant que support et espace de discussion entre habitants. Il révèle aussi les dimensions socio-spatiales du bien-être. De nouvelles questions émergent en matière de recherche et de prospective territoriale : logiques d’accumulation des éléments préférentiels de bien-être, disponibilité et nombre de services de la vie courante en milieu rural isolé.
Le Québec et la coopération climatique internationale : nouvelle stratégie paradiplomatique d’un gouvernement non central
Authors: Chaloux Annie , Simard Philippe , Sfiligoi Emmanuel
Published: July 2021

Cet article porte un regard sur le Programme de coopération climatique internationale du gouvernement du Québec (PCCI) en tant que nouvel instrument paradiplomatique, et analyse la portée et la variété des stratégies paradiplomatiques dont dispose un État fédéré comme le Québec pour répondre aux défis de la gouvernance climatique internationale. Les auteurs font d’abord état de l’évolution de la paradiplomatie climatique québécoise, en jetant un regard sur les actions et les engagements internationaux pris par le Québec en matière de climat depuis les années 1990. Ensuite, ils dressent un portrait du PCCI, de sa mise en œuvre et de la portée de ses projets. Finalement, ils amorcent une réflexion plus large quant à son apport dans la gouvernance climatique mondiale.
Narration filmique des mondes agricoles : de la bipartition des mondes agricoles à leur mise en réflexion visuelle
Authors: Maurines  Béatrice
Published: July 2021

L’article propose, à partir de l’étude d’un corpus de films documentaires sur l’agriculture contemporaine, de montrer comment la narration filmique met en exergue la bipartition du monde agricole. Il y aurait d’une part, un univers agro-industriel lié à des multinationales et à un capitalisme ultralibéral « scalable » dénoncé dans les films pour ses méfaits internationaux en termes de sécurité alimentaire, de santé publique et d’atteinte à la terre nourricière. D’autre part, une narration qui traite des alternatives en agriculture (biologique, en circuits courts, labellisée, …), qui oriente les films vers des principes de justice et de bien être alimentaire, de responsabilité envers la terre et le travail des humains. Il s’agit alors, dans les scénarios filmiques, soit de dénoncer les milieux des politiques de développement portées par la globalisation agroalimentaire soit de valoriser des formes agricoles « péricapitalistes », en montrant en acte par des savoirs situés, les processus de relocalisation agricole. Mais, il s’avère que ces deux formes narratives ne traitent pas de la complexité des mondes agricoles contemporains. Pour en rendre compte, il s’agit, sans doute, de réinscrire, interactivement, dans la narration filmique, les particularités des lieux, des modes de vie et des milieux socio-professionnels et écologiques, tout en montrant leurs tâtonnements et leurs interrogations. Elles sont inhérentes à la production agricole, de part et d’autre des modèles auxquels on se réfère et animent, certes bien différemment, l’inventivité des mondes agricoles dans les nords comme dans les suds. Certains films s’essaient à la mise en image de ces dépassements et vise à narrer la connectivité des différents modèles agricoles, tout en ne niant pas, que la « scalabilité » économique gouverne peu ou prou aussi les formes « péricapitalistes ».
Caesarean sections in the second stage of labour – a risk evaluation
Authors: Karunananda S. A.
Published: July 2021

Objective: To retrospectively analyse the relative rate of complications of caesarean sections performed in the second stage, in comparison to those done in the first stage of labour, in singleton uncomplicated pregnancies. A secondary objective was to see whether a conscious attempt had been made for an instrumental delivery where it seemed feasible to avert a caesarean in the second stage of labour. Method: A retrospective cohort study of 2440 caesarean sections out of a total of 5349 procedures done in 2019 and 2020, at ward 10, at a shocking rate reaching 49% and 60% (university, health ministry units) at the Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya. The instrumental delivery rate was a mere 1.63% in 2020. There were only 1220 caesareans performed in the second stage of labour. Hence, only a similar number (1220) of cases were selected from first stage procedures for the purpose of comparison of complications. Results: Requirement of blood transfusions; intraoperative or within 24 hours of delivery were 6 against 36 instances for first and second stage respectively. There were 16 recorded instances of extensions of angles or tears, and 3 cases of broad ligament haematomas in the second stage procedures. There was one instance of even a vaginal tear dislodging a jammed fetal head following failed forceps. Only 3 records of angle extensions were recorded when attempting to deliver high floating heads during the first stage. Uterine scar dehiscence was found in 36 instances in second stage procedures against 12 in the first but this was not a result of the procedure but the longer duration of labour in the former situation. There were two recorded instances of bladder injury in the first stage against 7 in the second. The mean duration of hospital stay was markedly different at 2.2 and 4.6 days. 6 against 17 patients ended in the high dependency unit or the ICU due to procedure-related complications. There were no mortalities. The mean operating times from the sample drawn from operating theatre records (300 of each stage) drawn was 28.6 min against 46.5 min. Failed forceps and ventouse were recorded in only 2 instances. Conclusions: Second stage caesareans seemed more technically difficult as judged by the longer time taken and were more likely to be complicated and result in a longer hospital stay and a higher risk of admission to Intensive care. We cannot conclude that they were any safer than AVD, as a comparison with complications of AVD were not audited in this study. Better training in instrumental delivery may improve an unacceptable situation where half the women (49%) had caesarean deliveries in 2019. Failed trial of instrumental delivery and any resultant injury should not result in automatic reprimand of the operator as this leads to performing caesareans as defensive medicine. Senior-most obstetricians on site must be called in for second stage caesareans with higher morbidity. This is more so when a trial of AVD has failed.
Pregnancy complicated with May-Hegglin anomaly
Authors: Guruparan K. , Sooriyakumar T. , Muhunthan K.
Published: July 2021

The May-Hegglin Anomaly (MHA) is a rare autosomal dominant giant platelet disorder characterized by abnormally large platelets with defective leucocytes and thrombocytopenia with varying degrees of bleeding manifestation. Here we report successful pregnancy outcome in a primigravida with MHA. (Preterm Pre-labour Rupture of Membranes) PPROM mother, with abnormalities of the extremities due to ABS is discussed.
Impact of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) on quality of life among women suffering from stress urinary incontinence after first childbirth: a feasibility study
Authors: Jayawardane A. , Patabendige M. , Fernando W. J. G. S. N. T. , Jayasundara D. M. C. S.
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the feasibility of performing a randomized controlled trial comparing Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) and behavioral advice only for postpartum SUI. Results: A feasibility study was performed with 207 women in 7-16 weeks postpartum at community postpartum clinics. Women reporting SUI were randomized to an intervention group (n=15), which followed an organized PFMT programme for six weeks and a control group (n=14). Control group was advised on routine postnatal care with behavioral advice. Both groups were assessed for QoL using a validated incontinence-quality of life (I-QOL) questionnaire at recruitment and in six weeks. There were 14% (29/207) of women suffering from SUI amongst the study sample. Before intervention there was no difference between I-QOL score in both groups. There was significant improvement (p<0.001) of I-QOL score in the interventional group (PFMT) compared to the control group (routine care with behavioral advice) after six weeks. Studying QOL improvement with this intervention is feasible for an interventional study. If directly inquired by the healthcare provider, women were willing to report, discuss and seek treatment for SUI. Conclusion: SUI is a common postpartum problem in this urban cohort of Lankan women. These women can be effectively treated improving their QOL with PFMT intervention.
Efficiency of administering low dose aspirin to prevent preeclampsia based on NICE guideline – a policy to practice gap in antenatal care in a rural Sri Lankan district
Authors: Kumara D. M. A. , Ayeshmantha D. , Karunarathne D. , Senarathna L.
Published: July 2021

The NICE guideline on managing pregnancy induced hypertension recommends a low dose aspirin as prophylaxis for pre-eclampsia. Eligibility for aspirin is assessed using risk factor-based evaluation using major and moderate risk factors. Understanding prevalence of risk factors as per guideline and the level of adherence of clinicians to guideline are important in managing pre-eclampsia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of major and moderate risk factors for pre-eclampsia in this population as per NICE guidelines and to understand the clinician's level of adherence to the guideline. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the professorial unit, Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka using a structured data collection sheet to collect data from pregnant women admitted for delivery within a period of one month. Out of 420 pregnant women, 20 (4.5%) had major or moderate risk factors and eligible for aspirin prophylaxis as per NICE guideline. But only seven (35%) of them were identified based on the guideline and given aspirin during antenatal care. There were 11 (2.6%) women with major risk factors but only five were identified and from nine women with moderate risk factors, only two were identified as eligible. Comparatively, identifying eligibility based on major risk factors was higher than moderate risk factors. Although the prevalence of risk factors of preeclampsia is low, there is a gap between NICE guideline recommendations and the actual practice among clinicians in antenatal care from this rural district. Clinicians should be provided with updated information on NICE guideline to improve recognizing risk factors and prescribing aspirin.
Xenon as a transdermal enhancer for niacinamide in Strat-M™ membranes
Authors: Petrov Evgeny , Verkhovskiy Alexander
Published: July 2021

Xenon is confirmed to diffuse readily through membranes and has properties of transdermal enhancer. In this study, the ability of xenon to regulate the transdermal diffusion of niacinamide was investigated using a model of an artificial skin analogue of Strat-M™ membranes in Franz cells. Based on the data obtained, we found that in the simplified biophysical model of Strat-M™ membranes xenon exerts its enhancer effect based on the heterogeneous nucleation of xenon at the interfaces in the microporous structures of Strat-M™ membranes.
Anatomical Analysis and Prognostic Assessment of Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation Based on a Large Echocardiography Database: Implications for Transcatheter Edge-to-edge and Chordal Repair
Authors: Jin Qin-Chun , Pan Wen-Zhi , Chen Sha-Sha , Zhang Lei , Zhou Da-Xin , Ge Jun-Bo
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives:

The anatomical characteristics of patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and mitral regurgitation (MR) have rarely been investigated demographically to determine the applicability of transcatheter intervention. Therefore, the study objective was to analyze potential candidates and their prognosis. Predictors determining the prognosis were also investigated.

Methods:

Patients diagnosed with MVP and MR severity of ≥2+ were screened from our echocardiography database from 2010 to 2012. All clinical and echocardiogram information was retrieved from electronic medical records. The endpoint was all-cause mortality analyzed by a proportional hazards model.

Results:

A total of 1268 patients (mean age 57.50 ± 14.88 years, 47.16% female) with MVP and MR severity of ≥ 2+ were included. Isolated P2 (n = 239, 18.85%) appeared as the most common site of leaflet prolapse. The incidence of MR jet solely from middle scallop (A2 and/or P2) was 31.07% (n = 394). If a nonsignificant jet from other locations was also accepted, the incidence of MR jet derived from mainly the middle scallop (A2 and/or P2) was 52.10% (n = 659). For MVP patients with MR R + 3, the conservative therapy group had higher mortality than the early surgery group (31.45% vs. 5.25%, P < 0.001) after 4.5 ± 1.0 years of follow-up, multiple analysis showed that surgical treatment (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.202, P < 0.001), systolic pulmonary artery pressure of o60 mmHg (HR: 6.816, P < 0.001), age of ≥ 60 years (HR: 3.838, P < 0.001), and pericardial effusion (HR: 1.915, P = 0.003) were independent predictors of all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:

In patients with MVP, one-fifth leaflet prolapse located solely in P2 and one-half of MR jet derived from the middle scallop were anatomically eligible for transcatheter chordal repair and edge-to-edge repair therapy, respectively. Initial conservative therapy, pericardial effusion, pulmonary hypertension, and advanced age were independent predictors of a higher mortality rate in MVP patients with MR severity of ≥ 3+.
A Prospective Cohort Study on Ossicular Reconstruction Using Autologous Incus or Cartilage in Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Joy S. M. , Karthikeyan P. , Pulimootil D. T.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Loss of hearing resulting from ossicular discontinuity is prevalent, with chronic otitis media being the primary causative factor.

Aim and Objectives:

The study aimed at evaluating the potential of autologous incus and cartilage in restoring hearing as well as identifying predictors of ossiculoplasty outcomes.

Methodology:

Patients with autologous incus constituted Group I (n = 52) and patients with autologous cartilage constituted Group II (n = 48). Reliability of pre-operative predictors such as pure-tone average, air-bone gap, and middle ear risk index (MERI) scores in anticipating hearing associated outcomes of ossiculoplasty was investigated. Inferential statistics were employed.

Results:

Group I patients displayed better postoperative outcomes in terms of pure-tone audiometry than Group II counterparts (P = 0.0035). Age (P = 0.044), MERI (P = 0.021) and gender (P = 0.046) proved to be reliable indicators.

Conclusion:

Autologous incus can be explored as a competent ossiculoplasty material in developing countries.
Ophthalmic practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Ashour Doaa M. , Awad-Allah Mo′mena Ahmad A. , Yosef Mostafa , Saleh Mohamed I.
Published: July 2021

Purpose

To assess the adherence of ophthalmologists to the current recommendations during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in the real-life practice and the measures taken by different institutions to decrease the risk of infection.

Methods

A cross-sectional study among ophthalmologists that was done via a self-administered web-based survey with 25 questions, starting with demographic data, followed by questions regarding the effect of the pandemic on practice. After that, detailed questions about infection control measures taken by different facilities and the use of various personal protective equipment and their availability were asked.

Results

We received 106 responses to the survey. Most of the respondents (86.8%) reported a reduction in the number of patients in the outpatient clinics, 49% limited services to emergencies, 50% reported triage for all patients, and 28% only reported providing face masks for patients. All our participants wear masks either surgical or filtering, 67% always use slit-lamp shields, and 75.5% apply hand hygiene per patient. The availability of various personal protective equipment and disinfectants was reported by 72% of our participants.

Conclusion

Real-life practice differs from the theoretical recommendations. Extra measures are required regarding patients’ triage, availability, and use of slit-lamp shields, face shields, and goggles. A stricter hand hygiene policy needs to be implemented and monitored.