bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liver Tumor segmentation in CT images using probabilistic
Authors: Ben-dan Itay , Shenhav Elior
Published: January 2022

Liver tumors segmentation is an important prerequisite for planning of surgical interventions. For clinical applicability, the segmentation approach must be able to cope with the high variation in shape and gray-value appearance of the liver. We present a fully automatic 3D segmentation method for the liver tumors from contrast-enhanced CT data. The method consists of two main stages. First an initial histogram and statistical distribution functions are created, and from them a new image is created where, in each voxel, a weighted function is attached in accordance with the probability of the voxel grey level. Next, we use the active contour method on the new image, where the active contour evolution is based upon the minimization of variances between the liver tumor and its closest neighborhood.
An Automatic Seeding Method For Coronary Artery Segmentation and Skeletonization in CTA
Authors: Wang Chunliang , Wang Chun , Smedby �rjan
Published: January 2022

An automatic seeding method for coronary artery segmentation and skeletonization is presented. The new method includes automatic removal of the rib cage, tracing of the ascending aorta and initial planting of seeds for the coronary arteries. The automatic seeds are then passed on to a �virtual contrast injection� algorithm performing segmentation and skeletonization. In preliminary experiments, most main branches of the coronary tree were segmented and skeletonized without any user interaction.
3D Segmentation in the Clinic: A Grand Challenge II: MS lesion segmentation
Authors: Styner Martin , Lee Joohwi , Chin Brian , Chin Matthew S , Commowick Olivier , Tran Hoai-Huong , Markovic-Plese Silva , Jewells Valerie , Warfield Simon
Published: January 2022

This paper describes the setup of a segmentation competition for the automatic extraction of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesions from brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. This competition is one of three competitions that make up a comparison workshop at the 2008 Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) conference and was modeled after the successful comparison workshop on liver and caudate segmentation at the 2007 MICCAI conference. In this paper, the rationale for organizing the competition is discussed, the training and test data sets for both segmentation tasks are described and the scoring system used to evaluate the segmentation is presented.
Multiple Sclerosis Detection in Multispectral Magnetic Resonance Images with Principal Components Analysis.
Authors: Kroon Dirk-jan , van Oort Erik , Slump Kees
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a local feature vector based method for automated Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesion segmentation of multi spectral MRI data. Twenty datasets from MS patients with FLAIR, T1,T2, MD and FA data with expert annotations are available as training set from the MICCAI 2008 challenge on MS, and 24 test datasets. Our local feature vector method contains neighbourhood voxel intensities, histogram and MS probability atlas information. Principal Component Analysis(PCA) with log-likelihood ratio is used to classify each voxel. MRI suffers from intensity inhomogenities. We try to correct this ‘’bias field’’ with 3 methods: a genetic algorithm, edge preserving filtering and atlas based correction. A large observer variability exist between expert classifications, but the similarity scores between model and expert classifications are often lower. Our model gives the best classification results with raw data, because bias correction gives artifacts at the edges and flatten large MS lesions.
Coupling Finite Element and Mesh-free Methods for Modelling Brain Deformation in Response to Tumour Growth
Authors: Berger Jamie , Horton Asley , Joldes Grand roman , Wittek Adam , Miller Karol
Published: January 2022

Very little is known about the deformation effects of tumour growth within the brain. Computer simulations have the potential to calculate such deformations. A method for computing localised high deformations within the brain’s soft tissue is presented. Such knowledge would be significant towards neuroscience and neurosurgery, particularly for quantifying tumour aggressiveness, therapy planning, as well as surgical planning and simulation. A Finite Element mesh used in the vicinity of a growing tumour is very quickly destroyed and cannot be used reliably unless complicated automatic re-meshing exists. Mesh-free methods are capable of handling much larger deformations, however are known to be less reliable that Finite Element analysis for moderate deformations. A mixed-mesh approach utilises mesh-free regions within localised high-deformation zones, with the remaining model comprised of a Finite Element mesh. In this study, a new algorithm is proposed coupling the Finite Element and Element Free Galerkin methods for use in applications of high localised deformation, such as brain tumour growth. The algorithm is verified against a number of separate Finite Element and mesh-free problems solved via validated/commercial software. Maximum errors of less than 0.85 mm were maintained, corresponding to the working resolution of an MRI scan. A mixed-mesh brain model is analysed with respect to different tumour growth volumes located behind the left ventricle. Significant displacements of up to 9.66 mm surrounding a 4118 mm3 sized tumour are noted, with 14.5% of the brain mesh suffering deformation greater than 5 mm.
Total Quality Management in Healthcare
Authors: Patel Gunjan , P G
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the description on Healthcare organizations are required to focus on Total quality improve:- Rendering acceptable, quality health services to patients at affordable price within reasonable price, within in a reasonable time; Applying zero errors to all patients services; maintaining a continuous error prevention program; Training employees in medical care on such aspects as error prevention,reducing delay time and providing prompt reasonable to patients needs; management system have always improvement in such systems to realize the true nature of the quality of healthcare and to be motivated towards improving this quality.In spite of billions of dollars of money spent worldwide, most of the healthcare is seen to be ineffective, inefficient and inadequate. Therefore there is a crying need to bring about a paradigm shift in the quality of health care delivery and to monitor and sustain it. It is obvious that those institutions, which are quality conscious and are committed to continuous quality improvement, will gain the highest consumer acceptance and will flourish at the expense of others. The ‘Quality Revolution’, as it is sometimes referred to, is nothing but putting the patient at the heart of health care and wrapping the care around it, rather than the other way around. Quality Measuring and assessing service is important, particularly when multiple sources of variation are present. Analyzing all medical processes to remove rework and waste could build health care quality and lead to significant reductions in patient cost. The use of quality-assurance programs and statistical tools can be directly applied to health-care organizations with improved quality of patient’s objectives and the results of care from the patient’s viewpoint.
The reality of psychological defense deception among students practicing sports in the faculties of physical education and Sports Sciences/Baghdad University
Authors: Sawsan Jawdat  , Najlaa Abbas
Published: January 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى تطبيق مقياس خداع الدفاع النفسي لطالبات المرحلة الجامعية الممارسات للرياضة، والتعرف على مستوى خداع الدفاع النفسي لدى طالبات المرحلة الجامعية الممارسات للرياضة، واعتمدت الباحثتان المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب المسحي على عينة من طالبات المرحلة الجامعية الثالثة في كليتي التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة /جامعة بغداد للعام الدراسي (2020-2021) البالغ عددهن (209) طالبة ، وتم اختيار منهن (189) طالبة بنسبة (90.431%) بالطريقة العشوائية لعينة التطبيق الرئيسة، كما تم اختيار منهن (10) طالبات بنسبة (4.785%) بالطريقة العشوائية لعينة التجربة الاستطلاعية، واعتمدتا مقياس تخصصي حديث للعينة المستهدفة للقياس، وكانت الاجراءات من التجربة الاستطلاعية للمدة الممتدة بين  (2/3/2021 ولغاية 6/4/2021)، إذ انه بعد تطبيق المقياس بإجراء الدراسة المسحية الرئيسة عليهنَّ بوساطة تطبيق الأستمارات الورقية له، وتمت معالجة النتائج بنظام الحقيبة الاحصائية (SPSS) (V26)لتكون الاستنتاجات والتوصيات بأن طالبات المرحلة الجامعية الممارسات للرياضة يمتلكنَّ مستوى مقبول من خداع الدفاع النفسي، ويحتاجنَّ إلى رفع المستوى المستحسن من التعويض والاسقاط من خداع الدفاع النفسي ويتميزن بالتسامي فيها، ومن الضروري زيادة الأهتمام بآليات تشجيع طالبات المرحلة الجامعية نحو ممارسة الرياضة في النشاطات الطلابية بتوافر التعزيز على مختلف أنواعه، ومن الضروري لوزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي أن تضمن الثقافة الرياضية ودورها في سيكولوجية الطالبات في دورات التعليم المستمر ومنصات النشاطات الالكترونية بالتواصل بين أعضاء هيئة التدريس
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENDETEKSI KONDISI TELUR AYAM BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ATMEGA 32 DENGAN SENSOR CAHAYA
Authors: Tahir Afdal , Subito Mery , Kali Agustinus
Published: January 2022

When consumers buy eggs, consumers should be more careful choosing the egg because there are some eggs that the quality has been decreased or the eggs are damaged and cannot be consumed anymore. This is caused by the length of egg storage time and didn’t have a tool that capable to detect the condition of the egg. People or egg breeders / entrepreneurs habit on looking the quality of eggs still use manual way, as a result it takes a long time because it must select the eggs condition one by one. The purpose of this research is to design and make the detection tool of chicken egg condition with ATmega 32 microcontroller using light sensor, so that the time efficiency and the result of egg selection becomes faster. . The use of tools is very easy and simple so that consumers or breeders / entrepreneurs can use it. Then to simplify and speed up the selection time of chicken eggs breeder or entrepreneur to distinguish good and damaged egg condition.
EVALUASI SETTING RELAI JARAK (DISTANCE RELAY) PADA SALURAN UDARA TEGANGAN TINGGI (SUTT)150 kV ANTARA GARDU INDUK SIDERA-GARDU INDUK TIPO
Authors: Pamula Martho , Pirade Sangbua Dinsol , Pirade Yulius S. , Amin Nurhani
Published: January 2022

Abstract-Overhead line high voltage (SUTT) or commonly called a transmission network or transmission line has very important role in the process of distribution of electrical from power plants to load centers continuously. However, overhead line is one component in the system which is often fault. To avoid damages and greater losses, it has used the distance which is as the primary protection in securing the transmission network or transmission line. In this research, it discussed about one phase-neutral short circuit that happens on line transmission connected to Sidera-Tipo substation by calculating the current fault andoperating time of distance relay using the software of ETAP (electric transientandanalysis program) 12.6.0.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENANAM BENIH PADI BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO
Authors: Kumara Dody Chandra , Wirdha Wirdha , Khadir Jumaddil
Published: January 2022

This research activity aims to facilitate farmers in the process of planting rice seeds in order to increase agricultural extensification. In this research we use the method of hardware progaming research. This tool is also operated wirelessly by the controller. After undergoing several stages, this research was successfully completed so that the rice seed planter was able to be used by farmers.
The Influence of Public Support for Innovations on the Economic Performance of Enterprises
Authors: Klímová Viktorie , Žítek Vladimir , Lelková Tereza
Published: January 2022

The paper aims to assess how public support for innovation activities influences the economic performance of Czech companies. In the framework of the research, attention was paid to more than 600 Czech companies that received support to start their innovation activities. The analysis was performed on the case of the Innovation Program, which was co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The Innovation Program is the largest Czech program for innovation support and mainly supports the launching of technological innovations in practice. The detailed analysis included 214 defined enterprises, for which all necessary information was available. The research analyzed the turnover of companies before obtaining support and after the implementation of the project. The research results show how the grant affects different size categories of enterprises and how the effect of the aid varies across sectors of the national economy.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Firm-level Inefficiency in Post-transition Economies
Authors: Botrić Valerija
Published: January 2022

Firms in post-transition economies are frequently considered less efficient than those in more advanced market economies. By relying on the World Bank Enterprise Survey for the year 2019, firm-level technical inefficiency is estimated by the stochastic frontier analysis method for a sample of European post-transition countries. To be precise, the analysis included Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia, and Slovenia. Furthermore, the factors contributing to the firm-level inefficiency are explored in a comparative setting. The effects of the international orientation of the firm, foreign ownership, doing business with the government sector, presence of informal competitors, innovation activity, manager experience, and the age of the firm on the technical inefficiency are estimated. Results show that although some factors are common to a subsample of countries, not a single factor is significant in all the analysed economies.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Visualisation of Perception of Experiential Activities in Business and Administration and Economy
Authors: Fernández-Pascual Rosaura , Marín Jiménez Ana , Pilar Fernández- Sánchez María
Published: January 2022

This paper explores how to incorporate information visualization tools into qualitative studies to represent the underlying structure of knowledge. Information visualization plays a key role in many areas such as decision-making, data mining, market studies, or knowledge management. A case of experiential learning was developed for Quantitative Techniques in Business and Administration and Economy Degrees at the University of Granada, Spain. The goal is to analyze the opinion of students (n = 227) on the development of the activity through information visualization techniques. The gathered information was subjected to a categorization process to unify and homogenize the responses. After a term-clumping process, a co-word analysis using the VosViewer software is used to analyze the relationships among terms and provide the network maps. Results display the main associations and clusters of terms used when assessing the experiential activity, using qualitative techniques. In conclusion, the strengths of data visualization enabling a better understanding of data for qualitative studies are established.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Methods of Covid-19 Crisis Management in the International Tourism and Civil Aviation Transport
Authors: Ploch Jindřich , Palatková Monika
Published: January 2022

Tourism and air transport are among the sectors most affected by the Covid-19 crisis. The pandemic lasting more than a year is reflected in short-term effects in both sectors, but there are also severe long-term consequences. National authorities will have to set recovery plans following the relevant policies and encompass international cooperation with public and private entities. The article aims to identify the methods and procedures that can be implemented, which can mitigate the consequences of the crisis and initiate the renewal of international tourism and air transport in particular. The paper's methodology is based on current statistical data and strategic documents at the national and international level represented by the international organizations (esp. UNWTO, WTTC, IATA, ICAO, ECAC). The focus is on the crisis management of the public sector entities in terms of the definition and implementation of reconstruction strategies, on private sector stakeholders, on the interconnection of the tourism and the air transport sectors, and cooperation in the international environment. Methods and tools for the renewal of both sectors are based on a strategic approach of the public sector, support for the introduction of new business models in the private sector, change in the product and marketing mix, digitization, innovation, and education.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Impact of Participation in Service Company’s Socially Responsible Activities on Employee’s Affective Commitment
Authors: Damnjanović Milena
Published: January 2022

Employees’ perspectives of the company’s social responsibility (SR) and the company’s SR impact on employees have so far been given little attention in research. This gap is surprising since it is well known to what extent employees affect overall companies’ results. They have a crucial role in SR activities implementation, so it is important for management to define employees’ roles in SR activities implementation carefully. This paper explored the influence of employees’ participation in SR activities on their affective commitment to service companies. The main hypothesis was that participation in SR activities has a significant positive impact on employees’ affective commitment. The goal was to show that employees who participated in SR activities were more committed than employees who did not participate in SR activities. The data were collected through a questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests, and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the level of affective commitment between employees who participated in SR activities and those who did not participate in them. Less than half of respondents participated in SR activities, so a suggestion for managers was to share the positive experience of participation in SR activities and invite employees to participate more.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Monetary Policy Response in the Republic of North Macedonia and the Republic of Albania for Coping with the Pandemic COVID-19 in 2020
Authors: Pollozhani Alba , Hadzimustafa Shenaj
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyse how the monetary policies of the Republic of North Macedonia and the Republic of Albania, as one of the two critical macroeconomic policies, have reacted in response to COVID-19 for the year 2020. Last year, the year 2020, the pandemic caused these two countries to react through monetary policy. This research examines how central banks of both countries have changed traditional monetary policy tools for tackling the pandemic, starting with open market operations, required reserve ratio, the overnight loans interest rate, and the available deposits interest rate. The research continues with analyzing whether they were used and what non-traditional tools were applied in that period. The study analysis concludes which monetary policies have been pursued in the Republic of North Macedonia and the Republic of Albania, whether there have been non-traditional tools and how the scope for interbank interest rate volatility has changed. Our study revealed that both countries had pursued an expansive monetary policy, there were also non-traditional tools, and the scope for interbank interest rate volatility has shifted towards narrowing.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Response of Information Technology Companies in Europe to the World Health Organization's Announcement of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lyroudi Katerina , Morina Fatbardha , Balomenou Chrysanthi
Published: January 2022

From the beginning of 2020, the whole world has been shaken by a contagious disease called Covid-19, its actual name being SARS-CoV-2. It first appeared in China, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, in December 2019, and the World Health Organization (WHO) was informed about it on the 31st of December 2019. On the 11th of March, 2020, WHO declared the Covid-19 outbreak a pandemic, and no country has been able to contain this coronavirus.  This medical or health crisis evolved into a pandemic and led to a global economic crisis.  This study investigates the wealth effect of the coronavirus pandemic announcement on the Information Technology Industry companies in Europe. We apply the classical event study methodology. Our sample contained 87 companies. The results show a strong negative reaction of information technology companies upon this announcement. The European investors perceived this announcement as a negative signal that will disturb the lives of everyone and will create economic instabilities and havoc in all sectors of an economy.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Investigation of Segmentation Performances of Superpixel Algorithms for Noisy Images
Authors: Ozer Fadime , Ozkaya Ufuk
Published: January 2022

Superpixels, used espically in image and video segmentation applications, are the visiual structures composed of pixels having same color, intensity and texture behavior. In this work, segmentation performances of superpixel algorithms for noisy images are investigated. Moreoever, the effect of denoising to segmentation accuracy is also investigated. For this purpose, most common three superpixel algorithms are implemented to the images selected from image segmentation database. As a result of efforts made, noise sensitivity and segmentation performance of superpixel algorithms are investigated. Also, the effect of denoising process as a preprocessing step to the segmentation performance is also examined.
Romanticization of criminals by youth cybersubcultures: general introduction to the problem
Authors: Nowak Jessica Kristin , Łukasiak Anna
Published: January 2022

The aim of this article is to introduce the issue of romanticizing perpetrators by young members of cybersubcultures. Exploring this topic is crucial because this phenomenon has become easily visible recently. The articlecontains initial characteristics of the problem anddrawseducators and parents' attention. This problem is characterized by severe, negative effects, hazardous at present times with limited social contacts. Data obtained by the literature and press reports review method allowed to describe some symptoms of the phenomenon and to define a certain area of ignorance in this field. The analysis showed that the problem of the romanticization of perpetrators by youth cybersubcultures was not directly discussed in the literature or empirically researched. The collected results indicate the need for in-depth exploration of the topic, mainly due to severaladverse effects that the described problemmay have. Some of the preventive recommendations are focusing primarily on strengthening the individual's attitudes and attempts to extinguish the media phenomenon at the same time. It is also crucial to develop precise preventive recommendations in the future.
Activity and voice of people with sensory dysfunctions on social media. Report on netnographic research
Authors: Smieszek Mateusz
Published: January 2022

Social media are becoming an essential communication tool for people with disabilities and can become a good resource of knowledge for social workers. As a critical area of contemporary visual culture, social media can enhance the empowerment and social inclusion of people with visual and hearing impairments. The aim of the presented online research conducted between March and July 2021 was to answer the main research question: what self-expression content people with sensory disorders present on social media. Additionally, specific research questions were posed: how the content address topics relates to social inclusion; what benefits can social workers gain from observing social media accounts run by people with visual and hearing impairments? To analyse the presence of people with visual and hearing impairment on social media, I used three qualitative research methods: desk research, netnography, and case study. The analysis of the collected material allowed me to distinguish nine main thematic categories of content published by people with sensory dysfunctions on social media: everyday life, medical information, modern technologies, forms of support, taboos, humour, social activity, relationships, leisure. The categories were generated through coding and categorization in an emic perspective. The analysis also indicated that much of the content discussed relates to the idea of social inclusion for people with sensory dysfunctions. The article also shows a series of benefits of observing social media for social workers in their professional practice.
Ty jako wartość w debacie o słowie Murzyn
Authors: LINDE-USIEKNIEWICZ JADWIGA , MICHALAK DOMINIKA
Published: January 2022

Akceptowalność słowa na M. jest przedmiotem debaty w mediach społecznościowych. Uczestnicy
debaty w różny sposób formułują i uzasadniają swoje stanowiska. W artykule analizujemy wpisy na
Facebooku
wyodrębnione ze względu na to, że ich autorzy nie tylko odwołują się do opinii osób czarnoskórych,
ale również traktują uwzględnienie takich głosów jak wyraz troski o dobro drugiej osoby.
Przyjmujemy, że wypowiedzi takie mogą stanowić akty zagrożenia wizerunku adresata (FTA) i badamy,
w jaki stopniu autorzy wypowiedzi stosują strategie grzeczności językowej osłabiające to zagrożenie.
Analiza ma charakter wyłącznie jakościowy i prowadzona jest z perspektywy interdyscyplinarnej, łączącej
socjologię i językoznawstwo.
You as value in the debate concerning the lexeme Murzyn
Summary: The acceptability of the Polish M-word (corresponding to the N-word in English) has been debated in the
social media. In the debate, the adversaries vary not only in their views, but also in ways they formulate
and justify them. In the present paper, we analyze a sample of Facebook posts in which the authors not
only express the opinions of Polish Blacks as a key argument in favor of rejecting the M-word, but also
argue that giving hearing to Black voices shows regard for the well-being of the Other. On the other hand,
we assume that such posts may constitute Face Threatening Acts against those who consider the M-word
non-offensive. Therefore, we study the degree to which politeness strategies are employed by the authors
to weaken this threat. The analysis presented in the paper is only qualitative, while the adopted interdisciplinary
perspective draws on sociology and linguistics.
Mowa niezależna wprowadzana przez iże w staropolskich apokryfach. Perspektywa źródłowa
Authors: ROJSZCZAK-ROBIŃSKA DOROTA
Published: January 2022

W polszczyźnie średniowiecznej widoczny jest pewien etap pośredni w procesie kształtowania się mowy
zależnej. W tekstach pojawiają się konstrukcje mieszane, w których spójnik że (iż/iże) wyrażający relację
podrzędną, typowy dla wprowadzania mowy zależnej, wprowadza mowę niezależną. W artykule analizuję
relację tych konstrukcji do źródeł łacińskich na przykładzie staropolskich apokryfów. Pojawiają
się często tam, gdzie w danym miejscu w tekście źródłowych obecne były konstrukcje obce językowi
polskiemu, jak ACI, a także gdy przytoczenie w źródle było wprowadzone przez quia, które mogło wprowadzać
mowę zależną i niezależną lub być częścią samego przytoczenia jako partykuła. Konstrukcje
mieszane pojawiają się też tam, gdzie granica kompilacji przebiegała właśnie w miejscu wprowadzania
przytoczenia. Problemem dla staropolskich autorów było też przenikanie się poziomów fabuły i rzeczywistości
pozafabularnej.
Direct speech introduced by iże in Old Polish apocrypha. A source perspective
Summary: An intermediate stage of the formation of reported speech can be observed in the Old Polish period.
Polish medieval texts include mixed constructions in which the conjunction że (iż/iże), expressing a subordinate
relation and typically introducing reported speech, introduces direct speech. Using Old Polish ROBIŃSKAapocrypha as the source of data, the paper examines the relation between these constructions and Latin sources. The analysed constructions often appear in places where in the source text there were constructions unknown to the Polish language, such as Accusativus cum infinitivo, or where the quotation in the source text was introduced by a quia that could introduce indirect and indirect speech or be, as a particle, part of the quotation itself. Mixed constructs also appear in places where the compilation boundary coincides with the introduction of a quotation. Another problem for Old Polish authors was the overlapping of the levels of the plot and the nonfiction reality.
Mathematical Modelling and Control of COVID-19 Transmission in the Presence of Exposed Immigrants
Authors: Gweryina Reuben Iortyer , Madubueze Chinwendu Emilian , Nwaokolo Martins Afam
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a mathematical model for COVID-19 pandemic that spreads through horizontal transmission in the presence of exposed immigrants is studied. The model has equilibrium points, notably, COVID-19-free equilibrium and COVID-19-endemic equilibrium points. The model exhibits a basic reproduction number, R0 which determines the elimination and persistence of the disease. It was found that when R0 < 1, then the equilibrium becomes locally asymptotically stable and endemic equilibrium does not exists. However, when R0 > 1, the equilibrium is found to be stable globally. This implies that continuous mixing of exposed immigrants with the susceptible population will make the eradication of COVID-19 difficult and endemic in the community. The system is also proved qualitatively to experience transcritical bifurcation close to the COVID-19-free equilibrium at the point R0 = 1. Numerically, the model is used to investigate the impact of certain other relevant parameters on the spread of COVID-19 and how to curtail their effect.
Measurement of Oxygen Concentration in Static and Flowing Liquid Pb-Bi by Using Zirconia Based Sensor
Authors: Adhi Pribadi Mumpuni , Kamal Dianta Mustofa , Muslimin Muslimin , Vilcu Andrei , Kondo Masatoshi , Takahashi Minoru
Published: January 2022

Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) has been proposed as one of the coolant for the Generation IV nuclear reactor. However, the oxygen should be controlled adequately to suppress the corrosion rate of the LBE. A device called oxygen sensor made of zirconia as solid electrolyte has been used to monitor the oxygen concentration online in order to control the oxygen concentration. The principle of this sensor is based on electrochemistry method where the difference oxygen activitiy between reference electrode (RE) and working electrode (in liquid LBE) can make potential difference. The potential difference is measured by electrometer and can be converted into oxygen concentration based on Nernst equation. Iron (Fe)/Magnetite (Fe3O4) was used as material for RE in this study. Measurement of oxygen concentration was conducted at 450 - 600°C for the static condition of LBE and around 390°C for the dynamic condition of flowing LBE. The oxygen concentration for both two experiment conditions were set in oxygen saturated condition of Pb-Bi. The oxygen sensor based on zirconia solid electrolyte with Fe/Fe3O4 as RE can measured the oxygen concentration in liquid LBE. The results showed that the measurement was agreed with the Nernst equation theoretical calculation.
Detection Of Sliding Plane as A Disaster Mitigation Efforts In The Pengembur Village, Pujut Sub District, Central Lombok Regency
Authors: Elinda Baiq Ulfa Putri , Al Fatari Hotinul , Marzuki Marzuki , Sukrisna Bakti , Alaydrus Alfina Taurida , Minardi Suhayat
Published: January 2022

A landslide disaster is a threatening disaster every time coming of the rainy season. Landslide potency can be detected on the surface through the form of topography and vegetation and beneath the surface of the rock layers former. From the type of rock the former can be known existence of the sliding plane which is the place of the sliding material. Research has been conducted to detect the plane of slide based on the resistivity value and the shear wave speed by using geoelectric and seismic method in Pengembur village, sub district of Pujut, Central Lombok regency. The result of analysis shows that the rocks layer former in the area consist of low cohesion soil deposits, weathered clay soils, water-saturated sand, and unconsolidated sand which has a thickness (3.7 – 4.0) meters. The field of sliding plane is detected as a layer of clay with landslides potency towards the west with the translation slide type
Persepsi Keselamatan Berkendara Pengguna Sepeda Motor di Kota Banda Aceh terhadap Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas dan Kelengkapan Atribut
Authors: Anggraini Renni , Alvisyahri Alvisyahri , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: January 2022

Kecelakaan sepeda motor merupakan salah satu penyebab kecelakaan yang tertinggi di Kota Banda Aceh. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh rendahnya pemahaman mereka mengenai keselamatan berkendara, sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya pelanggaran lalu lintas yang berakibat pada kecelakaan lalu lintas. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian mengenai faktor penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas berdasarkan variabel keselamatan berkendara, pelanggaran yang dilakukan serta kelengkapan atribut berkendara. Data diperoleh dengan membagikan kuesioner kepada responden, yaitu pengendara roda dua yang berdomisili di Kota Banda Aceh. Variabel laten yang telah ditentukan diolah menggunakan metode Structure Equation Models (SEM) sehingga didapatkan indikator "Menerobos lampu merah" menjadi indikator yang paling signifikan dari semua indikator yang diteliti.
Kajian Model Matematik Efektivitas Normalisasi Sungai Terhadap Penurunan Risiko Banjir Studi Kasus: Sungai Tikala Kota Manado
Authors: Sukmajati Erha Intan , Kusuma Muhammad Syahril Badri , Hatmoko Waluyo , Farid Mohammad , Natasaputra Suardi
Published: January 2022

Sungai Tikala merupakan anak Sungai Tondano dengan tingkat risiko banjir yang cukup tinggi sebagaimana yang terjadi pada peristiwa banjir tahun 2014 dimana terjadi banjir besar yang membawa dampak yang cukup merugikan bagi Kota Manado. Upaya pengendalian banjir secara struktural berupa normalisasi baik di Sungai Tondano maupun Sungai Tikala dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak banjir. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas normalisasi dalam mengurangi risiko banjir pada dataran banjir yang dipengaruhi oleh luapan banjir Sungai Tikala yang berada di wilayah Kota Manado. Kajian ini meninjau risiko banjir Sungai Tikala berdasarkan Peraturan Kepala BNPB No. 2 tahun 2012. Tingkat ancaman diperoleh dari hubungan indeks ancaman dan indeks penduduk terpapar kerentanan sosial. Tingkat kerugian ditentukan oleh tingkat ancaman dan indeks kerugian dari kerentanan ekonomi, fisik dan lingkungan. Tingkat kapasistas ditentukan dari tingkat ancaman dan indeks kapasitas. Tingkat risiko ditentukan dari tingkat kerugian dan tingkat kapasitas. Indeks ancaman banjir diperoleh dari pemodelan luapan banjir Sungai Tikala akibat debit banjir Q50 dengan skenario normalisasi Sungai Tondano dan Normalisasi Sungai Tikala. Klasifikasi bahaya banjir mempertimbangkan parameter kedalaman dan kecepatan banjir. Indeks Kerentanan ditentukan dari aspek sosial, ekonomi, fisik, dan lingkungan.
Genetic study of quantitative traits supports the use of Guzerá as dual-purpose cattle
Authors: Carrara Eula Regina , Peixoto Maria Gabriela Campolina Diniz , Veroneze Renata , Silva Fabyano Fonseca e , Ramos Pedro Vital Brasil , Bruneli Frank Angelo Tomita , Zadra Lenira El Faro , Ventura Henrique Torres , Josahkian Luiz Antônio , Lopes Paulo Sávio
Published: January 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for 305-day cumulative milk yield and components, growth, and reproductive traits in Guzerá cattle.Methods: The evaluated traits were 305-day first-lactation cumulative yields (kg) of milk (MY305), fat (FY305), protein (PY305), lactose (LY305), and total solids (SY305); age at first calving (AFC) in days; adjusted scrotal perimeter (cm) at the ages of 365 (SP365) and 450 (SP450) days; and adjusted body weight (kg) at the ages of 210 (W210), 365 (W365), and 450 (W450) days. The (co)variance components were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood method for single-trait, bi-trait and tri-trait analyses. Contemporary groups and additive genetic effects were included in the general mixed model. Maternal genetic and permanent environmental effects were also included for W210.Results: The direct heritability estimates ranged from 0.16 (W210) to 0.32 (MY305). The maternal heritability estimate for W210 was 0.03. Genetic correlation estimates among milk production traits and growth traits ranged from 0.92 to 0.99 and from 0.92 to 0.99, respectively. For milk production and growth traits, the genetic correlations ranged from 0.33 to 0.56. The genetic correlations among AFC and all other traits were negative (–0.43 to –0.27). Scrotal perimeter traits and body weights showed genetic correlations ranging from 0.41 to 0.46, and scrotal perimeter and milk production traits showed genetic correlations ranging from 0.11 to 0.30. The phenotypic correlations were similar in direction (same sign) and lower than the corresponding genetic correlations.Conclusion: These results suggest the viability and potential of joint selection for dairy and beef traits in Guzerá cattle, taking into account reproductive traits.
Black soldier fly as feed ingredient for ruminants
Authors: Astuti Dewi Apri , Wiryawan Komang Gede
Published: January 2022

This paper is a review of some experiments using black soldier fly (BSF) and its by-product to explore their nutritional value, production potential in Indonesia and its application in the ration of ruminants. Evaluation on the effect of milk replacer, creep feed containing BSF, BSF frass and the possibility to use lactic acid bacteria from BSF as probiotics are presented. Utilization of BSF larvae in milk replacer as skim and cream milk substitute showed that there were similarity on physiological, hematological status and performance of goat kids compared to those offered goat milk or commercial milk replacer. In addition, BSF larvae can be used to substitute soybean meal in the creep feed for post weaning goat kids without any differences in weight gain and blood profiles. However, utilization of BSF frass in the fattening goat ration resulted lower digestibility of dry matter and organic matter due to the chitin content in the frass. Black soldier fly larvae grown on chicken manure harbour lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which have potential as probiotics for ruminants. In general, BSF larvae has potential as ingredient for milk replacer, creep feed, fattening ration, and source of LAB for probiotics.
A circulação crítica e política em Bacurau
Authors: Venanzoni Thiago Siqueira , Sousa Eduardo Paschoal de
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo busca analisar Bacurau (Kleber Mendonça Filho e Juliano Dornelles, 2019) a partir de sua produção, sua dimensão crítica e o contexto que movimenta. Partindo dos números de sua circulação e de uma breve análise narrativa da obra, esta pesquisa percorre as perspectivas políticas e sociais engendradas no espaço público e acionadas pelo documento audiovisual, a partir das suas imagens e narrativa. Em um trajeto crítico, observa como o filme, fenômeno comunicacional relevante para o cinema brasileiro recente, manifesta um diálogo entre conteúdo e estética e se direciona a uma concepção política da obra.
Imagining the Grotian Europe: Hugo Grotius’s Vision of Europe and Ideas of European Integration
Authors: YEPREMYAN Tigran
Published: January 2022

The paper offers a comprehensive study of Hugo Grotius’s vision for the new co­existential paradigm in Europe and ideas of European integration through the prism of political philosophy and international relations. The paper proceeds with the construction of a theoretical framework from various ideas of the thinker and de­fines it as the Grotian theory of European integration. Based on the complex analy­sis of the Grotian concept of a community of sovereign nations and with an inter­pretive approach, the paper studies the visions of European unity in early modern and modern times. Grotius’s recommendation of “general congresses of Christian powers” had a constructive role in the configuration of the emerging European sys­tem of sovereign nation-states and for the new patterns of co-existential consensus. Hence, Grotius’s idealistic and holistic approach towards nations and society of na­tions is viewed within the framework of the theories of structural constructivism and intergovernmentalism of European integration.
Diffuse Runoff from Agricultural Lands within a River Basin and Water Protection Measures
Authors: V. Kireicheva Liudmila , M. Yashin Valery , А. Lentyaeva Ekaterina , D. Timoshkin Aleksey
Published: January 2022

This paper is dedicated to the study of the pollutants coming from agricultural lands located within the catchment into the Yakhroma river, a third-order tributary of the Upper Volga. The area of the river catchment is 1437 km2. It is located in the north-eastern part of the Moscow region, which geographically belongs to the Klinsko-Dmitrov ridge (the upper part of the basin) and the Upper Volga Lowland. The slopes and floodplain included in the reclaimed lands (more than 9 th ha) are lined with cities, rural settlements, numerous kitchen gardens, and agricultural lands. Water quality, river profile from the source to the mouth, and sources of pollution within the reclaimed lands of the Yakhroma floodplain were studied from 2004 to the present. A geospatial intelligence system (GIS) was developed for the catchment area. Land areas are allocated according to the conditions of surface runoff formation, taking into account soil types and slopes. The studies of the river water quality, tributaries, and drainage network in the reclaimed lands showed biogenic pollution caused by insufficiently treated wastewater discharged from cities and agricultural land, especially within the reclaimed massif. The calculations of the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from surface and drainage waters revealed that the main role in the pollution of both surface and drainage waters is played by nitrogen and potassium compounds, and to a lesser extent by phosphorus compounds. For nitrogen, removal from surface runoff was 27.36 t/year; for phosphorus it was 6.06 t/year; for potassium it was 242.28 t/year; with drainage runoff, the removal of nitrogen was 98.88 t/year; the removal of phosphorus was 0.38 t/year; the removal of potassium was 37.04 t/year. To reduce the inflow of surface diffuse runoff and to purify collector and drainage waters from nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, including the creation of bioplateaus and biosorption structures, it was proposed to use a set of protective measures, which will significantly reduce the biogenic load on the river flow.
Importance of the Natural Incidence of the Fusarium Genus in Food Crops Established in Northern México
Authors: César Ríos Saucedo Julio , Gabriela Ramírez-Valadez María , Santana Espinoza Saúl , Martínez-Fernández Maihualy , Rosales-Serna Rigoberto
Published: January 2022

The incidence of the Fusarium genus causing root rot is reviewed in crops showing high importance for food supply and to obtain regular income by farmers in the highlands of Northern México. Pathogen incidence was evaluated under field conditions in multiple sampling locations for common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and several chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) local cultivars (landraces and bred cultivars). Five commercial plots for registered and certified seed were also evaluated in common beans to be used in the ‘seed refreshing program’ implemented for the cultivar Pinto Saltillo, considered as the main variety sown in the highlands of México. High Fusarium genus incidence and its interactions with other fungi species, such as Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium spp., cause high losses in plant population, commercial yield and seed quality in food crops grown in Northern México. The natural incidence of plant disease caused by the Fusarium genus and its negative effect on crop survival and the reduction of commercial yield and seed quality is fully reviewed. Plant disease resistance, crop breeding and the influence of the environmental conditions were also considered.
Mechanistic Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Its Regulation via the Antioxidant System under Environmental Stress
Authors: Bano Ambreen , Gupta Anmol , Rai Smita , Fatima Touseef , Sharma Swati , Pathak Neelam
Published: January 2022

The antioxidant potential is referred to as compounds that are capable of protecting the biological system against the deleterious effect of reactions involving reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are toxic byproducts of oxygen metabolism. ROS have a significant role in plant signaling, growth, development, and majorly in response to environmental fluctuations. The ROS family plays a double role under various environmental stress conditions. In various key physiological phenomena, they act as secondary messengers and induce oxidative damage. ROS led to cellular damages that manifest themselves in degradation of biomolecules, which eventually amalgamate to cellular death in plants. To assure survival, plants have developed efficient antioxidant machinery having two branches, that is, an enzymatic and a nonenzymatic antioxidant. This chapter will emphasize the various types of ROS, their sites of cellular production, targets, and scavenging mechanisms mediated by antioxidants in abiotic stress. Such profound knowledge will let us build strategies against environmental stress.
Management of Abnormal Visual Developments
Authors: Liu Longqian , Chen Xiaohang , Chen Pengfan , Wu Yifan , Wang Jianglan , Chen Changxu , Liu Tong , Wang Xi , Chen Xia , Zhu Bixia , Zhang Wenqiu , Huang Gantian , Zheng Jing
Published: January 2022

When human beings recognize the external world, more than 80% of the information come from visual function and visual system. Normal visual development and normal binocularity are the fundamental of good visual acuity and visual functions. Any abnormal visual experience would cause abnormality, such as refractive error, strabismus, amblyopia and other diseases. The patients with abnormal visual developments were reported to have abnormal, lonely, and other psycho problems. In this chapter, we will describe the normal developmental of visual function, summarize the abnormal developments and the correction or treatment.
Advances in Postharvest Packaging Systems of Fruits and Vegetable
Authors: Adhikary Trina , Hemanth Kumar Durga
Published: January 2022

The production of vegetables and fruits is at a high rate but the major challenging task is the postharvest handling and processing of the products. Approximately 20–30% of the production is being wasted due to a lack of proper postharvest management. Many developments were made to reduce this wastage such as cold chain development, different storage structures, some drying methodologies to promote the shelf life of produce. But all these systems need to be improved and utilized commercially. The losses still occur due to a lack of sound knowledge on the chemical nature of products and different management techniques (e.g., drying, cooling, blanching). Therefore, the successful design of the cooling, packing, storage transport, and drying processes of fresh food requires linking materials sciences, fluid dynamics, mechanical deformation, food chemistry, and process control.