bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis in Timber Wolf Crossbreed (Canis lupus) in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Widyasanti Ni Wayan Helpina , Putra I Putu Cahyadi , Suwiti Ni Ketut
Published: January 2025

Pathogenic bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family cause ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in animals, including dogs and wild carnivores (wolves, foxes, raccoons, and others). These diseases are emerging vector-borne diseases transmitted through ticks. A six-month-old timber wolf crossbreed (Canis lupus) came to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia, with a history of weakness, decreased appetite, and excessive salivation. Examination revealed that the timber wolf crossbreed had pale mucosa, lethargy, hypersalivation, normochromic microcytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, gas accumulation in the stomach and intestine, and no foreign bodies in the digestive tract. Rapid test results with the SNAP® 4Dx® Plus Test IDEXX® were positive for Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp.; however, the blood smear examination was negative. The therapy for this case included sodium chloride 0,9% infusion as fluid therapy, atropine sulfate as symptomatic therapy, hematopoietic, multivitamin, iron supplementation as supportive therapy, and doxycycline antibiotic as causative therapy. The wolf showed decreased salivary excretion and ate 4 h after fluid therapy, atropine sulfate, and hematopoietic administration. The wolf improved their condition through increased appetite and became agile after seven days of treatment. The wolf was declared clinically cured after two weeks of doxycycline treatment.
Biogeochemistry of Irrigated Desert Soils and Vegetable Crops in Uzbekistan
Authors: Isomiddinov Jaloldinovich Zokirjon , Isagaliev Tuychiboevich Murodjon , Yuldashev Yuldashevich Gulom
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, owing to the increasing requirements for environmentally friendly products such as vegetable crops, it is necessary to study their macroelement and microelement compositions. In this regard, we studied the elemental composition of onion and fennel organs as well as newly irrigated and old-irrigated gray-brown soils. The study of soils was carried out according to the method of V.V.Dokuchaev, and determination of sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, strontium, nickel, barium, and chlorine in soils and plant organs was carried out using the neutron-activation method. Biogeochemical properties of soils and plants were determined according to the method of Perelman and Glazovskaya. It was determined that the highest chlorine content corresponds to the roots of onions grown on old-irrigated gray-brown soils, followed by the leaves and head. As for the content of other elements in onions, they are in decreasing order: potassium > sodium > iron > strontium > nickel > calcium > barium; the same pattern is repeated in dill. The sequence of changes in the amounts of chemical elements in the underground and aboveground parts of fennel (Anethum graveolens L.) differed slightly from those in the soil: potassium > sodium > iron > strontium > nickel > barium > calcium. This corresponds to the law of selective absorption of these plants.
An Overview on Impact of Salinity Stress in Tomato under invitro Conditions
Authors: Seth Rupali
Published: January 2025

This review examines the impact of in vitro salinity stress on morphological and biochemical attributes of tomato during early developmental stages.Tomato fruits are endowed with multifaceted properties placing them in high demand for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Increasing soil salinity due to changing climatic conditions is a potential threat for tomato cultivation. Tomato is moderately sensitive to salt stress throughout its life cycle. Salinity brings about osmotic, ionic and oxidative stress in tomatoes impairing growth, well-being and productivity. Upon exposure of tomato seeds to salt stress under in vitro conditions the germination period increases and there is decline in germination percentage. The growth and development of tomato seedlings is affected by salt stress resulting in reduction of shoot length, root length, fresh and dry weight. In presence of salinity stress, tomato seedlings show changes in biochemical parameters such as increase in Na+ and Cl- ions, free amino acids, protein, proline, antioxidant enzymes and decrease in chlorophyll content. Genotypic variation is exhibited by the tomato cultivars in response to in vitro salinity stress which is helpful in rapid selection of tolerant cultivars for planting in salt stressed environment as well as inclusion in plant breeding studies.
Fragment Reattachment and Intraradicular Splinting for a Complicated Crown-Root Fracture: A Case Report
Authors: Rathod Ruchita Kishor
Published: January 2025

This paper discusses the successful restoration of a challenging crown-root fracture involving an oblique fracture in the middle third of the root and complete fragment detachment. The treatment protocol began with the removal of the fractured crown fragments, followed by pulpectomy and the insertion of resin-cement fiber posts. After reattaching the separated fragments using resin cement, the patient was closely monitored for six months, with regular checkups revealing normal clinical and radiographic outcomes. This diligent follow-up continued for 24 months, resulting in a remarkable recovery.
Polyphenolic compounds in Sauvignon Blanc - from grapes to wine
Authors: Williams Davin , Zietsman Anscha , Brand Jeanne , Eyeghe-Bickong Hans , Vivier Melané
Published: January 2025

At harvest, the metabolic composition of wine grapes reflects the accumulated effect of the environmental conditions, the stresses endured, and viticultural manipulations applied during the growing season. The role of the winemaker is to extract and nurture this “metabolite potential” throughout the winemaking process. However, it is typically difficult to relate this grape potential to that of the eventual wines.  In this study, a holistic view of Sauvignon Blanc grape and wine polyphenolic compounds was attempted by measuring these compounds from different matrices, from ripe grape tissues up to the final wine, including the submatrices, such as juice, pomace and sediment. Sauvignon Blanc vines from one vineyard block were manipulated to yield berries with distinctly different phenolic potentials by creating a high light (HL) or a low light (LL) microclimate in the fruiting zone of the canopy during the growing season. The analyses of the HL and LL berries and wines, as well as concomitant analyses of the phenolic compounds in the submatrices, allowed their tracing as they were (i) transferred from one matrix to another, (ii) lost as waste products, or (iii) affected by different winemaking practices (skin contact and/or fermentation in contact with the juice sediment) implemented in the experimental design. In berries, flavonols showed the largest increase due to sun exposure (HL treatment) but were absent from the juice samples at all juice processing stages. They were however detected in the juice sediment, together with high concentrations of organic acids and sugars. Juice processing was noted for dramatic fluctuations in metabolite concentrations suggesting intense metabolic activity in this pre-fermentation matrix. Both skin contact and sediment contact treatments delivered wines with higher concentrations of coutaric acid (the ester formed from coumaric and tartaric acid) and the flavanol catechin while epicatechin concentrations was unaffected.  The higher catechin concentrations did not lead to increased perceived bitterness in the wines, except in the sediment contact treatments. The total phenolic compound concentration of wine from LL (low phenolic potential) grapes was comparable to wine from HL (high phenolic potential) grapes, when skin contact, or sediment contact treatments were employed. From a sensory perspective, the sediment contact decreased the fruity aromas of Sauvignon Blanc, while the skin contact treatment enhanced the sensorial properties of the wines made from the LL grapes, allowing increased extraction from the skin-accumulated impact compounds.
Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms in Classifying Districts/Cities in Indonesia According to the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2021
Authors: Dewi Ni Kadek Ayu Purnami Sari , Wijayanto Arie Wahyu , Nursiyono Joko Ade
Published: January 2025

The human development index (HDI) is one of the measuring tools for achieving the quality of life of a region or even a country, including Indonesia. There are 3 basic components of the HDI, namely the dimensions of health, knowledge, and decent living. Development in Indonesia is uneven as indicated by the Human Development Index (HDI) of districts/cities in 2021 which varies greatly. The purpose of this study is to compare several machine learning algorithms to classify districts/cities in Indonesia according to the Human Development Index (HDI) in 2021. There are six machine learning algorithms used in this study, namely Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearset Neighbor (K-NN), Random Forest, Decision Tree, and Naive Bayes. The k-Fold Cross Validation method is applied to form the training set and testing set, with 10 folds and 1 repetition. The results of the study showed that the classification results of the SVM algorithm using the Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel parameters with sigma = 0.4864648 and C = 1 were the best among the other five algorithms with an average accuracy of 76.08% and a maximum accuracy of 88.24%.
Redesigning Education: A Transformative Approach
Authors: Sargiotis Dimitrios
Published: January 2025

Traditional educational systems often emphasize standardized testing over critical thinking, creativity, and emotional intelligence, failing to address the diverse learning needs of students. This study, "Redesigning Education: A Transformative Approach," proposes comprehensive reforms aimed at transforming primary and secondary education to foster holistic student development. The goal is to ensure that all students thrive academically, emotionally, and socially. The study presents innovative approaches such as personalized education through AI, the creation of wellness schools, professional skill development programs, and the integration of social and emotional learning programs. The proposed curriculum overhaul emphasizes critical thinking, creativity, emotional intelligence, and practical life skills. Key reforms include continuous professional development for teachers, enhanced teacher training, comprehensive counseling services, robust student support systems, strengthened school-family collaboration, and the promotion of multiculturalism and inclusion through inclusive policies and cultural events. Additionally, upgrading school infrastructure to create safe and welcoming environments is highlighted as essential for student prosperity and happiness. The proposed reforms aim to create an inclusive, innovative, and supportive learning environment where all students can excel. By integrating these comprehensive changes, the study seeks to develop effective educational systems that promote the well-being and success of all students, equipping future generations for the challenges of a rapidly changing world. The findings suggest that such a holistic approach to education reform can bridge the gap between different socioeconomic groups, foster equity, and prepare students for lifelong success.
Sleep Deprivation and Its Association with Physical and Mental Health Among Adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Muzammil Faatimah , Iqbal Yusra , Thahira Mariyam , Riyaz Suhana , Musthafa Mizna , Otim Michael Ekubu
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Sleep deprivation is a global health concern with significant clinical, economic, and social consequences. The CDC recommends that adults aged 18-60 get at least 7 hours of sleep per night for optimal health. Studies conducted in Singapore, Japan and China have highlighted a significant prevalence of poor sleep quality and insomnia across Asia, with 26.4% of men and 31.1% of women in Japan reporting poor sleep. This study set out to determine the prevalence of sleep deprivation amongst adults in UAE on their physical and mental health. Methods: We used a cross-sectional design with mixed methods to explore sleep deprivation among adults aged 18-65 in all seven emirates of UAE. We used stratified cluster sampling to identify the sample. The sample size was calculated using StatCalc, and IBM software. Data was collected using a tool called 'Sleep Disorders Questionnaire for adults aged 11+' and the data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results/DISCUSSION: The study sample consisted of 321 participants, and included all the ethnic groups resident in Dubai. The largest group of participants included South Asians (59%), and those younger than 25 years (51.4%). 29.6% (95) of the participants experienced sleep deprivation. Participants in the sleep deprived category reported frequent headaches (25%). 22% (21) of the participants in the sleep deprived category reported experiencing feelings of depression/hopelessness. Researchers often link sleep deprivation to metabolic and cardiovascular issues and frequent physical and mental symptoms, and the exact relationship and correlation between sleep and health requires more research Conclusion: The willingness of many sleep-deprived individuals to seek help offers a promising avenue for intervention. Policymakers have an opportunity to integrate sleep health into broader public health initiatives aimed at improving the well-being of UAE residents by addressing the root causes of sleep deprivation and promoting healthy sleep habits.
A Comprehensive Survey on Classroom Engagement Tracker: RFID and Facial Recognition for Enhanced Learning
Authors: Muhammed Mirza , Namboothiri N Abhijith , M Levin , Yasin Shereef Muhammad , Sruthy R.S Smt.
Published: January 2025

The Classroom Engagement Tracker System is an educational technology that assists teachers with management tasks and boost engagement in class by recording attendance and performing behavioral scanning of students. By utilizing RFID technology, each student and teacher is issued an NFC card, allowing quick access to attendance through an RFID reader located at the classroom entrance. After the instructor comes into the classroom, there is a period of two minutes before the system recognizes the students for facial recognition of in-class monitoring to allow students to get organized. In class, the AIenabled system remains active and can identify movements such as careless actions and mobile phone usage. When instances are detected, they are documented, given a date and time stamp, and sent to the specified instructor for reporting on the degree of engagement in the classroom. Students are engaged in a wider and faster interaction, through portals designed for attendance and behavior analytics while the teachers and administrator assign classes and take attendance respectively, without being exposed to student’s behaviors in detail. In more detail, this prototype helps with proper supervision within the classroom and helps focus attention on active class participation.
Research on Relationship Between Aging Population Distribution and Real Estate Market Dynamics based on Neural Networks
Authors: Tang Yiqiu , Zhao Shenghan
Published: January 2025

The present study explores the relationship between demographic shifts and fluctuations in the real estate market. Utilizing a neural network approach, this study investigates the relationship between the distribution of an ageing population and the dynamics of the real estate market. The proposed model utilizes a deep learning framework, incorporating a single long short- term memory network (LSTM) with multiple optimization techniques, adaptive learning rates, and data augmentation strategies. This integrated approach is designed to effectively capture the intricate interplay of factors such as population age structure, migration patterns, and economic indicators on real estate market dynamics. The model's efficacy is demonstrated by its capacity to predict market trends with a high degree of accuracy, in addition to its ability to effectively respond to the impact of the aging population on housing prices in various geographical regions. Experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed LSTM model surpasses conventional statistical methodologies in terms of prediction accuracy. Furthermore, it exhibits notable generalization capabilities and robustness across diverse market contexts.
Research on Labour Market Efficiency Evaluation Under Impact of Media News Based on Machine Learning and DMP Model
Authors: Zhao Shenghan , Lu Youyuan , Gong Chenwei , Xu Qiming
Published: January 2025

The labour market constitutes a pivotal element of the national economy, exerting a profound influence on the health and stability of the broader economic system. In recent years, the role of media journalism in the dissemination of information has increased significantly, with a notable impact on supply-demand and price fluctuations in the labour market. By analysing the impact of media news, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding of, and insight into, the dynamics of the labour market. This study employs a combination of machine learning techniques and a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DMP model) to assess the influence of media news on labour market efficiency. The use of machine learning algorithms enables the processing and analysis of substantial quantities of media news data, facilitating the extraction of sentiment and topic changes. The DMP model is employed to simulate the matching process in the labour market and evaluate the impact of news on the efficiency of matching job seekers and job openings. The study demonstrates, through experimental analysis, the disparate impacts of media news on the labour market across different economic cycles, and validates the efficacy and practicality of the model.
Axiomatic Characterization of Utilitarian Social Utility for Wealth Distributions
Authors: Lahiri Somdeb
Published: January 2025

We show that the von-Neumann Morgenstern theory of expected utility can provide an axiomatic characterization of utilitarian social utility functions of wealth distributions based on a utility of wealth function.
The Cybersecurity Risks Threatening Drones: Innovative Solutions in the Digital Age
Authors: Abbadi Driss , Lachkar Abdelkader
Published: January 2025

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, were initially developed for military purposes, primarily for surveillance and military operations. Over time, their use expanded into various civilian sectors, including delivery and monitoring. This rapid proliferation has sparked growing concerns about cybersecurity. This article explores the cybersecurity risks faced by drones in an increasingly interconnected digital landscape and proposes innovative solutions to mitigate these threats. The analysis is structured into two main parts: the first examines the latest technological trends and the cybersecurity challenges confronting UAVs, while the second focuses on technical solutions to address these risks, as well as the role of local and international regulations in ensuring the safe deployment of this technology.
Uniting Monotheistic Religions: A Philosophical Framework for Religious Convergence
Authors: Karmiris Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

This article presents a philosophical framework for uniting monotheistic religions under the premise of a common deity. Through careful examination of shared scriptures, ideologies, and ethical principles, it addresses the logical inconsistency of maintaining multiple monotheistic traditions while proposing a practical pathway toward unification. The framework acknowledges the complexity of religious institutions while offering a solution that respects existing structures during a transitional period. By identifying core commonalities and addressing institutional concerns, this paper provides a theoretical and practical foundation for religious convergence in the modern era. The proposed approach includes a comprehensive implementation timeline and detailed guidelines for preserving valuable aspects of individual traditions while moving toward unified religious expression.
Spring Boot - Versioning a REST API
Authors: Bolushov Erbol , Esenalieva Gulzada
Published: January 2025

This article describes implementing various versioning strategies in a REST API using Spring Boot to manage API evolution effectively. Versioning is crucial for ensuring backward compatibility and introducing new features without breaking existing clients. This work explores four key methods: URI Path Versioning, Query Parameters Versioning, Custom Header Versioning, and Content Negotiation Versioning. URI Path Versioning serves as the primary approach, while alternative methods provide flexibility for client interactions. By leveraging these strategies, a robust, scalable versioning solution is achieved, enabling API consumers to select the best approach for their needs.
Building Trust in Cloud Computing:Strategies for Resilient Security
Authors: Xun Ang Ting , Zhe En Lim Alan , Shen Lim Tze , Xin Ang Ning , Soon Wong Hee , Jun Wong Zi , Ramachandra Harish , Xinghao Guo , Khant Nyi Min , Weitao Feng , Sindiramutty Siva Raja
Published: January 2025

Cloud computing is a technology that will change how data is stored, managed, and accessed. It reduces the need for users to set up hardware and computing resources on demand, and it eases things for businesses and individuals, but as cloud computing becomes more common, security problems are becoming a big issue for its future growth. They focus on the three basic models of cloud computing: Software as a Service-SaaS, Platform as a Service-PaaS, and Infrastructure as a Service-IaaS; add the main architectural models: public, private, hybrid, and multi-cloud, analyse their advantages and disadvantages, as well as potential security risks. The cloud computing security system is a most crucial aspect. It includes how technologies such as identity and access management, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, data encryption, etc., protect data and examines the possibility of using new technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and zero-trust architectures. It should greatly improve the security of cloud computing, using intelligence in threat detection, decentralised management, and ongoing verification. Some common issues are dealt with, including data leakage, unsafe APIs, and insider threats. The importance of focusing on multi-layer defence is then highlighted. We look at the current state of cloud security technologies and strategies, along with future improvements we need. The goal is for cloud service providers and users to work together in using a layered security approach, a shared responsibility model, and new technologies to create a safe and dependable cloud environment. This security model will be able to cope not only with the complexity of network threats but also with the continuity of cloud computing technological development, thereby carrying important values in references for the research and practice of related technologies.
Endoscopic Vaginal Examination of the Female Canine Reproductive Tract
Authors: Țogoe Dorin , Micșa Cătălin , Diaconescu Alexandru
Published: January 2025

Vaginoscopy plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of reproductive anomalies, assessment of the extent of vaginal injuries, identification of the origin of vulvar discharge, and detection of repro-ductive-related factors contributing to urinary incontinence and recurrent urinary tract infec-tions. Endoscopy of the vaginal canal is used both for diagnosis and also for intrauterine proce-dures such as artificial insemination. In addition, endoscopy has several advantages over surgical procedures because it is a non-invasive procedure. Flexible or rigid endoscopes may be used to perform endoscopic vaginoscopy. Endoscopes with a camera at the tip of the scope provide better image quality than scopes with fiber optic viewing. As a result, we recommend having accessible scopes of different sizes. Vaginal endoscopy is a diagnostic tool and technique that allows for both the diagnosis and performance of intrauterine procedures, such as artificial insemination, and provide additional diagnostic regarding estrus cycle phase, or to assess the source or origin of vulvar discharge, identify the type and size of vaginal tumors, polyps, and abnormalities. This method is noninvasive and presents several advantages over surgical procedures. Two major limitations are the cost of the equipment and the need for special training.
Keywords: endoscopy; endoscopic examination; reproduction, reproductive tract, bitch
AI-Enabled Radiomics and Clinical Decision Support App for Monitoring Brain Metastases Evolution After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
Authors: Buzea Calin Gheorghe , Eva Lucian , Agop Maricel , Ochiuz Lăcrămioara , Vasincu Decebal , Popa Tudor Ovidiu , Rusu Dragos Ioan , Stirban Ioana , Buga Razvan
Published: January 2025

Background/Objective:
This study investigates AI-driven radiomics for classifying and monitoring brain metastases progression and regression post-Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) using MRI imaging. A clinical decision support application was developed to enable real-time AI-based predictions for treatment monitoring.
Methods:
MRI scans from 60 patients (3194 images) were analyzed using a transfer learning-enhanced AlexNet deep learning model. Dynamic class weighting and data augmentation addressed class imbalance, ensuring fairness. Optimized preprocessing pipelines standardized datasets. Performance metrics—accuracy, precision, recall, F1-scores, and AUC—were evaluated with 95% confidence intervals. Longitudinal tumor volume analysis assessed predictive trends. A Streamlit-based application integrated AI predictions and visualizations for clinical usability.
Results:
The transfer learning model achieved 100% classification accuracy (95% CI: 100%–100%) with perfect precision, recall, and F1-scores. The AUC was 1.0000 (95% CI: 1.0000–1.0000), demonstrating flawless discrimination between progression and regression cases. Compared to a baseline AlexNet model (99.53% accuracy, 95% CI: 98.90%–100.00%), the TL model eliminated misclassifications. Tumor volume correlation analysis revealed baseline size as a key progression predictor (Pearson r = 0.795, p < 0.0001). Training time was 420.12 seconds, outperforming ResNet-50 (443.38s) and EfficientNet-B0 (439.87s) with identical metrics. While the model showed 100% accuracy, multi-center validation is needed for robustness.
Conclusions:
Transfer learning with dynamic class weighting provides an accurate and reliable framework for monitoring brain metastases post-GKRS. The AI-based application enhances diagnostic precision and reduces variability. Explainable AI techniques, such as Grad-CAM visualizations, improve interpretability and foster clinical adoption. These findings highlight AI’s potential in personalized treatment strategies, with applications in genomic profiling, survival modeling, and extended follow-ups. This study demonstrates AI’s role in reducing diagnostic variability and enabling personalized, data-driven treatment strategies for brain metastases management.
Chlorine Resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Poultry Processing Line
Authors: Weersooriya Gayani , Dulakshi H.M.T , de Alwis P.S , Priyantha M.A.R
Published: January 2025

Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobcater jejuni are major food-borne pathogens that continue to persist in the poultry processing industry and cause health and economic burdens. Chlorine is commonly used to mitigate bacterial contamination in poultry processing. However, inducing of adaptive stress response mechanism in sub-lethal exposure limits the effectiveness of chlorine. In the present study, we determined the effect of pre-exposure to chlorine on chlorine tolerance in S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni. MIC and MBC were determined in caecal, neck skin, post– chill carcass washing, and the environmental isolates. The carcass washings were exposed to either 3-5 ppm, 20-30 ppm, or 40- 50 ppm of chlorine in the chill tank and MICs and MBCs were significantly higher (p<0.05). Notably, 60% of C. jejuni isolated from the carcasses in a 20-30 ppm chill tank showed the highest MBC of 160 ppm. Chlorine-resistant percentage in S. Typhimurium and C. jejuni of the carcass was 78.8% and 83% respectively, while 94.1% and 80% of resistance were detected in 20-30 ppm chill tank isolates. The highest resuscitation detected carcass washing isolates exhibited the sub-lethal injury. Chlorine resistance limits the space to work with concentration adjustments. Therefore moving to alternative chemical and novel multi-huddle interventions is crucial.
Predicting The Quality of Life in Iranian Women with Breast Cancer: The Role of Hope Life
Authors: Ghasemi Rad Abiyaneh Sara , Ghousi Rouzbeh , Atashi Alireza , Sajadian Akram
Published: January 2025

Cancer remains a pressing concern both in Iran and globally, profoundly impacting patients’ well-being. Understanding and predicting the Quality of Life (QL) of cancer patients is helpful for effective healthcare. This study forecasted the QL of Iranian women with breast cancer (BC) using Machine Learning (ML) regression models. A robust dataset comprising 1114 post-treatment breast cancer patients from four Iranian hospitals was meticulously collected. Participants completed three questionnaires post-treatment, which provided insights into their QL and hope of life (HL). Rigorous data preprocessing, feature selection, model fitting, parameter optimization, and evaluation were performed. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between hope and QL. Various factors, including general health status, physical well-being, functionality, pain, sleep, self-efficacy, economic circumstances, disease symptoms, and hope for life, exerted substantial influence on the QL of Iranian patients. Notably, boosting models, notably gradient boosting machines and XGBoost, exhibited superior predictive performance (GBM= 86.61%, XGBoost= 85.41%). These findings have profound implications for informing health policies and interventions aimed at enhancing the QL of cancer patients. Significantly, this research represents the first attempt to predict QL in Iranian patients, marking a significant contribution to the field.
Clinical trial registration numbers: IR.NIMAD.REC.1397.322 and date of registration: Friday 22 June 2018.
A Six-Year Airborne Fungal Spore Calendar for a City in the Sonoran Desert, Mexico: Implications for Human Health
Authors: Ortega-Rosas Carmen Isela , Medina-Félix Diana , Macías-Duarte Alberto , Gamez Thanairi
Published: January 2025

fungal spores’ calendars for Mexico are inexistent. This research represents the first fungal spores’ concentration data in the atmosphere of Hermosillo, Mexico, a city in the Sonoran Desert with high rates of allergies and public health problem. We used standardized sampling techniques frequently used by aerobiologists, including a Burkard spore trap to monitor airborne fungal spores daily for 2016-2019 and 2022-2023. Results are expressed as daily fungal spores’ concentration in air (spores/m3 air). The most common fungal outdoor spores corresponded to Cladosporium (44%), Ascospora (17%), Smut (14%), Alternaria (12%) and Diatrypaceae (7%) of the total 6 years data. High minimum temperatures produce an increasing of most important spores in air (Cladosporium and Alternaria), whereas precipitation increase Ascospores concentrations. The most important peak of Fungal spores’ concentration in air is recorded during summer-fall in all cases. Airborne fungal spores at Hermosillo had a greater impact on human health. This data will be of great help for prevention diagnostic and treatment of seasonally allergies in population and for agricultural sector that have problems with some pathogens of their crops caused by fungus.
The Perception of Competence Limits and Assumption of Responsibility by Teachers in Interprofessional Education – a Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Schlicker Andrea , Ehlers Jan P.
Published: January 2025

Background: Interprofessional education in the healthcare sector is becoming increasingly recognised in Germany and is increasingly being included in the curriculum. The learners are usually the focus of research. This study focusses on the teachers, as they are the ones who carry out the teaching and thus prepare the learners for practice. This article focuses on the perception of competence boundaries and the assumption of responsibility in an interprofessional setting.

Methods: Using a mixed methods design, interprofessional courses were first identified across Germany in relation to the three professions of medicine, nursing and physiotherapy. Based on 76 fully completed quantitative questionnaires, the respondents' views were surveyed with regard to the competences of the teachers, among other things. In 15 interviews, experts were asked more in-depth questions about competence limits and the assumption of responsibility, whereby the data material was analysed according to Kuckartz's structuring qualitative content analysis.

Results: Recognising profession-specific boundaries is considered important by 70% of respondents, but only 43% of respondents consider it important to take joint responsibility. The interviews show that legal framework conditions are crucial, but so is adherence to established roles and habits.

Conclusion: (Self-)reflection is required in order to develop a shared assumption of responsibility. The actors must orientate their joint actions towards the needs of the patients and think across professions. As the process of (self-)reflection rarely takes place in mono-professional training programmes, opportunities to learn it are needed.
The Role of Women and Their Contributions to Preserving Traditional Weaving in the Najran Region of the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Adly Hanaa Mohamed , Al Shammari Hissah Obaid , F. Alghaith Muna Mohammed
Published: January 2025

This research explores the role of women and their contributions to preserving traditional weav-ing in the Najran region of the Arabian Peninsula. Arabian societies were historically known for a variety of crafts such as trade, blacksmithing, weaving, sewing, and tanning, many of which were passed down through generations. These crafts often remained within families, with knowledge carefully guarded to avoid competition from outsiders. Najran is a region rich in cultural diversity, where women actively participate in most cultural activities and public cele-brations. They play a vital role in preserving customs and traditions, as evidenced by their efforts in passing down traditional skills, arts, and knowledge to future generations. This has helped to strengthen the cultural identity of Najran specifically and the broader Arabian region. The research also highlights how traditional weaving contributed to the formation of women’s cooperatives and economic empowerment in Najran’s past. It offers evidence of the exceptional craftsmanship and expertise women brought to this art form and recognizes notable women who excelled in it. The study sheds light on the importance of women’s role in safeguarding traditional weaving, which in turn enhances our understanding of women’s broader contributions to the protection and promotion of cultural heritage at a local level.
Naturalness and Tree Composition Determine the Abundance of Rare and Threatened Orchids in Mature and Old-Growth Abies alba Forests in the Northern Apennines (Italy)
Authors: Pica Antonio , Schirone Bartolomeo , Magrini Sara , Laghi Paolo , Cianfaglione Kevin , Di Filippo Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Forest Orchidaceae are important for European temperate forests, yet their distribution and abundance have so far interested limited research. In three pure or mixed silver fir stands in the Foreste Casentinesi National Park (NP) (Northern Apennines, Italy) we analysed how structural traits in mature and old-growth forests affected orchid communities in terms of abundance of the main genera, trophic strategy and rarity in the NP. We established three 20x60 m plots to quantify the structure of living and dead tree communities, including a set of old-growth attributes connected to large trees, deadwood, and established regeneration. In each plot, we measured the abundance of all orchid species and explored their behaviour according to trophic strategy (autotrophy/mixotrophy, obligate mycoheterotrophy), rarity within the NP, and threatened status according to the IUCN Red List. We used multivariate ordination and classification techniques to assess plot similarities according to forest structure and orchid communities and identify the main structural factors related to orchid community features. The main structural factors were used as predictors of orchid community traits. Forest composition (i.e. the dominance/abundance of silver fir) affected the presence of the main orchid genera: Epipactis were abundant in silver fir-dominated forests, Cephalanthera in mixed beech-fir forests. Interestingly, Cephalanthera could become limited even in beech-dominated conditions if fir regeneration was abundant and established. Old-growth attributes like the density of deadwood and large tree volume were important determinants of the presence of rare and mycoheterotrophic species. Our results provided a first quantitative description of forest reference conditions to be used in the protection and restoration of threatened and rare orchid species.
Association of COVID-19 Pandemic with Newly Diagnosed Anorexia Nervosa among Children and Adolescents in Japan
Authors: Fukuya Yoshifumi , Miyamura Keitaro , Funatogawa Tomoyuki , Yamaguchi Taiju , Katagiri Naoyuki , Nemoto Takahiro
Published: January 2025

Background: Research from Western countries shows an increased trend of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) among children and adolescents after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the trend in other countries remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association of the COVID-19 pan-demic with newly diagnosed AN among children and adolescents in Japan. Methods: Using the nationwide multi-hospital database in Japan, we analyzed the clinical outpatient data in the de-partments of pediatrics, psychosomatic medicine, and psychiatry. The participants comprised children and adolescents aged 7-19 years newly diagnosed with AN from January 2017 to January 2022. An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to compare the trends of newly diag-nosed AN before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Estimating the changes in the trends over the pandemic was done using a Poisson regression model. Results: The total cases of newly di-agnosed AN was 41 (1.08 cases per month) before the pandemic and 34 (1.48 cases per month) af-ter the pandemic. Notably, in the 7-14 age group, the cases per month increased from 0.74 to 1.13 cases per month over the period. Before the pandemic, a noticeable decrease in cases was ob-served (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR]= 0.961; 95% CI= 0.932–0.990). Conversely, the after-pandemic period showed a contrasting trend, with an increase in cases (IRR= 1.096; 95% CI= 1.032- 1.176). Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with the increase in newly diagnosed AN among children and adolescents in Japan as well as Western countries. The development of AN after the pandemic might be more affected by individual, parental, and peer factors than soci-ocultural factors.
Mechanical Stimulation of Red Blood Cells Aging: Focusing on the Microfluidics Application
Authors: Gural Alexander , Pajic-Lijakovic Ivana , Barshtein Gregory
Published: January 2025

Human red blood cells (RBCs) are highly differentiated cells essential in almost all physiological processes. During their circulation in the bloodstream, RBCs are exposed to varying levels of shear stress ranging from 0.1-10 Pa under physiological conditions to 50 Pa in arterial stenotic lesions. Moreover, the flow of blood through splenic red pulp and through artificial organs is associated with brief exposure to even higher levels of shear stress, reaching up to hundreds of Pa. As a result of this exposure, some properties of the cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and the cell membrane may be significantly affected. In this review, we aim to systematize the available information on RBC response to shear stress by focusing on reported changes in various red cell properties. We pay special attention to the results obtained using microfluidics since these devices allow the researcher to accurately simulate blood flow conditions in the capillaries and spleen.
A Discussion on the Essence of Life Viewed Through the Lens of Catalysis and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Authors: Lu Yongna , Zhang Wei , Guo Qunsheng
Published: January 2025

The difficulty of scientific investigation stems from the need to first analyze and establish the irrationality of preexisting theories. However, unreasonable scientific theories might serve as a shield for one another. The most challenging task in scientific research is to question two or more scientific theories simultaneously and uncover their unreasonable aspects. When studying the origin of life, entropy of the system is commonly used to determine how far from the equilibrium state and how disordered the system is. It is a misunderstood fact that the final state of thermodynamic equilibrium is not always the maximum degree of disorder in a system. Starting with the second law of thermodynamics, we redefine entropy: entropy is solely a measure of how far from equilibrium a system is, and when it reaches equilibrium, the value of entropy is the highest. Here, the population standard division σ is employed for the calculation. As the value of σ increases, the system moves further from its equilibrium state, resulting in a decrease in entropy. We consider living organism as a thermodynamically unbalanced system, which act as driving force to exchange matter and energy with the outside world, thereby maintaining this thermodynamically unbalanced state or moving itself further away from the balance. Our goal is to build a metabolic model of this organism. Going back to our starting point, we find that the activity of catalysts in homogeneous catalytic reactions is dependent on concentration. Our assumption is that in homogeneous catalytic reactions, the individual catalyst molecule does not have catalytic activity. The thermodynamic imbalance of the organism itself is thought to be reflected in the unequal internal energy (thermal energy) of its biomolecules. Our understanding of homogeneous catalysis theory has enabled us to establish a model of organism’s metabolism, explain what life is, and explore the origin of soul and life.
Rainfall-Runoff Hydrological Modeling Using Observed and Remotely Sensed Rainfall Data for Sustainable Watershed Management over Modjo Catchment, Central Ethiopia: Insights from HEC-HMS Model
Authors: Bedada Bereket Abera
Published: January 2025

The primary obstacle in making accurate runoff predictions in the catchment is the unavailability of precise rainfall measurement data. The objective of this study is to apply the HEC-HMS to estimate runoff using observed and satellite precipitation products over the Modjo catchment and measure and compare the performance of each simulation. The study considered two commonly used gridded precipitation products: CHIRPS. In the HEC-HMS model setup, the study used the SCS Curve Number, SCS Unit Hydrograph, and the Muskingum method for Loss, transform, and routing model, respectively. Hydro-meteorological data, collected daily, were compiled and prepared for the process of model calibration (spanning2010-2019) and validation (2020-2023). Results showed that NSE, R2, and PBIAS values become 0.842, 0.85, and -2.99 for observed rainfall products and 0.711, 0.72, and +5.6 for CHIRPS rainfall products during calibration and 0.751, 0.78, and -3.112 for observed rainfall products and 0.622, 0.64, and +7.99 for CHIRPS rainfall products during validation. The estimated peak flood discharge simulated with observed, and CHIRPS data was 288.9 m3/s, and 369.2 m3/s, then compared with the observed stream flow of 248.1m3/s. The model results have revealed that global precipitation products have showcased a promising and observed precipitation an effective performance in simulating runoff over the Modjo catchment and are recommended for further investigation to improve the accuracy.
The Role of Nanoparticles in Pharmaceuticals: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kalita Parimita
Published: January 2025

Nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered significant attention in the pharmaceutical industry due to their potential to enhance drug delivery, improve therapeutic outcomes, and offer novel approaches for tackling complex diseases. This comprehensive review explores the diverse applications of nanoparticles in pharmaceuticals, focusing on their role in drug delivery systems, bioavailability enhancement, and targeting specific cells or tissues. The paper discusses various types of nanoparticles, including liposomes, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles, examining their physicochemical properties, formulation strategies, and safety profiles. Moreover, the review highlights the advancements in nanoparticle-based drug carriers for controlled and sustained release, as well as the challenges in scaling up production and ensuring biocompatibility. The potential of nanoparticles to overcome biological barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier, and their use in personalized medicine and diagnostic applications are also addressed. Finally, the review provides a forward-looking perspective on the future of nanoparticle-based pharmaceuticals, emphasizing the need for rigorous preclinical and clinical evaluations to fully realize their therapeutic promise.
HyMOVE: Versatile Core Avionics Ranging from Satellites to Launchers
Authors: Montenegro Sergio , Arbab Moritz
Published: January 2025

Within the HyMOVE project, we are developing a modular orbital transfer vehicle adaptable to various missions. A key innovation is the development of a versatile core avionics system, configurable for satellites, payloads, orbital transfer vehicles, and launchers. Designed for high reliability in launchers and high availability in satellites, this system can adapt to different mission requirements and recover from hardware failures or errors. Unlike fixed designs, the system is highly configurable to meet varying dependability, size, power, and computational needs.