bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Work Digital Storytelling Project: Digital Literacy, Digital Storytelling, and the Makerspace
Authors: La Rose Tara , Detlor Brian
Published: February 2021

Purpose:

The Social Work Digital Storytelling project was a research study undertaken to (1) enhance digital literacy of practitioners and students through digital storytelling training, (2) diversify engagement in a local public library technology hub (the “makerspace”), and (3) understand and enhance social work leadership knowledge among students and practitioners through the creation and sharing of leadership-focused digital stories.

Method:

Free hands-on digital storytelling workshops where social workers/students created stories about leadership exposed social workers to technologies accessible in the community and provided hands-on experience using hardware (e.g., IMac computers, digital cameras, portable data recorders, and a recording booth) and software (e.g., Adobe Photoshop, I-Movie, and GarageBand) as well as online social media platforms (e.g., Flickr, YouTube, and Facebook).

Results:

Before and after the workshops, participants completed a brief online qualitative self-evaluation survey through which they reflected on their skills, values, and beliefs about digital technology in practice. Participants gained knowledge of perspectives of online ethical tenants and exposure to Creative Commons Copyright and the NASW Technology Standards of Practice.

Discussion:

Prior to participation, the social workers reported fear and hesitancy using technology. After workshop completion, workers experienced a greater sense of confidence using digital technology as well as identifying organizational and systemic issues, which hindered field-based technological engagement.
The Relationship Between Epidermal Mitotic Density, Atypical Mitotic Figure Density, Breslow Depth, Ulceration, and Dermal Mitotic Rate in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Marsch Amanda F. , McKee Ryan M. , Werbel Tyler , Ruo Bernice , Hinds Brian R.
Published: February 2021

Prognostic factors for melanoma include Breslow depth (BD), ulceration, and dermal mitotic rate (DMR). No studies have queried the effect of epidermal mitotic density (EMD) or atypical mitotic figure density (AMD) in an outcome-based assessment. Our objective was to determine if there is a relationship between EMD, AMD, BD, DMR, and ulceration and patient outcomes. This was a retrospective cohort study of 185 cases of thick and thin melanomas. Univariate and multivariate cause-specific regression analysis was performed. There was a positive correlation between EMD and BD ( P = .0001). The difference between AMD in thick and thin melanomas was statistically significant. For every unit increase in EMD, patients had a 2.8-fold increase in the risk of distant metastasis; however, statistical significance was lost in the multivariate analysis. In adjusted analyses, ulceration, DMR, and BD were associated with outcomes. There were no statistically significant correlations between AMD and outcomes. This study is limited by its small sample size, diminution of the epidermis in some thick melanomas preventing EMD estimates, and reproducibility of mitotic figure counting. EMD and AMD do not seem to have any independent value in multivariate analyses for melanoma. Ulceration, BD, and DMR were significantly associated with outcomes and further solidify these known predictors of prognosis.
Stereotype Threat, Intergenerational Contact, and Performance among the Elderly across Cultures: A Comparative Study of France and Indonesia
Authors: Febriani Arum , Sanitioso Rasyid Bo
Published: February 2021

In the present research, we examined cross-cultural generalizability of the roles of anxiety and intergenerational contact in age-based stereotype threat (ABST). To this end, we conducted studies in France (individualistic culture) and Indonesia (collectivistic culture). In the main study, elderly participants in France and in Indonesia completed the Digit Span task that was presented as memory (high-threat) or cognitive strategy task (low-threat). Using the bootstrapping method, we found that, in both countries, stereotype threat led to lowered performance among the elderly who had little or no contact with the young. Those with positive contacts, on the other hand, showed no performance decrement under high (vs. low) threat. Highlighting the importance of culture, performance anxiety mediates the effects of threat on the performance of the French elderly, versus intergroup anxiety for the Indonesians. Self-construal (independent vs. interdependent) associated with cultural orientation (individualistic vs. collectivistic) was proposed to explain the cultural difference in the type of anxiety as a mediator. This not only leads to suggestions for future research but also for possible real-life intervention strategies.
Decoupling control of magnetically suspended motor rotor with heavy self-weight and great moment of inertia based on internal model control
Authors: Xiang Biao , Wong Waion
Published: February 2021

The control performance of magnetically suspended motor with heavy self-weight and great moment of inertia is affected by parameter uncertainty and external disturbances, and the coupling effect in radial tilting of magnetically suspended motor becomes serious with the increase of rotational speed and moment of inertia, and then, the robustness would be reduced. Therefore, an internal model control model is proposed to adjust the robustness of magnetically suspended motor. Based on the internal model control model, a decoupling internal model control model is designed for magnetically suspended motor on four degrees of freedom. Simulation and experiment are conducted to verify that the internal model control model improves the robust stability of magnetically suspended motor, and the decoupling internal model control model effectively realizes the decoupling control of magnetically suspended motor on four degrees of freedom.
Correlates of Medical Mistrust Among Minority Women at Risk for HIV and Their Networks
Authors: Johnson Laura M. , Green Harold D. , Koch Brandon , Harding Robert , Stockman Jamila K. , Wagner Karla D.
Published: February 2021

Background

Medical mistrust is a barrier to engaging in HIV prevention and treatment, including testing and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Research often focuses on how race and experiences of discrimination relate to medical mistrust, overlooking the role that other characteristics may play (e.g., history of physical abuse, diagnosis of mental illness). Furthermore, studies are often restricted to samples of men who have sex with men and findings may not generalize to other at-risk groups.

Aims

The current study explores a range of demographic, cognitive, behavioral, and social network correlates of medical mistrust.

Method

This study employed an egocentric network design among a racially diverse sample of at-risk women and women in their social networks ( n = 165).

Results

Results from multivariable linear regressions stratified by race (Black vs. others) indicate that medical mistrust is associated with both individual-level and network-level characteristics. Across both groups, age and experiences of racial discrimination were associated with higher medical mistrust. Having a regular sex partner and having a higher proportion of network members who are family was significantly associated with medical mistrust among non-Black women.

Discussion

Individual-level and network-level variables were significantly associated with medical mistrust. Therefore, interventions that attempt to mitigate medical mistrust as a barrier to HIV prevention and treatment should consider how mistrust may be related to characteristics of individuals and broader contexts.

Conclusion

Health interventions may benefit from conceiving of medical mistrust as a complex, rational response to cumulative discriminatory life experiences and a reflection of the networks within which individuals are embedded.
Bayo Lapawol (Let Their Voices Be Heard): Haitian Women’s Barriers to and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control
Authors: Moise Rhoda K. , Jonas Eddy , Campa Elizabeth M. , Clisbee Mary , Lopes Gilberto , Kobetz Erin
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to increase understanding of barriers to cervical cancer prevention and control in Haitian women using photovoice methodology. Consented participants were (1) trained to use a digital camera and encouraged to capture their screening barriers, (2) interviewed to unpack and analyze their images, and (3) invited to participate in follow-up focus groups for refined discussion and data triangulation for content analysis using NVivo software. The sample included women ( n = 25) who were on average 42 years ( SD = 9.8, range: 26–57) and born and raised in Haiti. Results highlighted multiple barriers, including gendered family responsibilities, concerns about quality of care, financial and time constraints, worries about discomfort and exam efficacy, and emotional deterrents such as frustration. Framed by the PEN-3 model’s dimensions of cultural identity, relationships and expectations, and cultural empowerment, women’s recommendations to overcome barriers spanned education, evaluation, and empowerment, respectively, across individual, interpersonal, and institutional systems. Study results call for more extensive examination of the diversity present in the groups of African origin to unearth transnational, multifaceted determinants of health by biology, beliefs, and behaviors including sociocultural and socioenvironmental access. Future interventions must include development of proactive policies, which deliberately pressure the government and global community to prioritize health infrastructure while simultaneously educating women about and dispelling fear of cervical cancer, thus empowering Haitian women to live their healthiest lives. Accordingly, this study may contribute to understanding global health equity advances and improving public health infrastructure in underresourced settings in low- and middle-income countries in the Caribbean.
The relationship between the hydrothermal response of yield stress and the formation of sandwich compressed wood
Authors: Wu Yanmei , Gao Zhiqiang
Published: February 2021

The effects of yield stress of poplar ( Poplar ×  euramericana cv. ‘Neva’) on temperature (60–210°C), moisture content (oven dry-30%) and grain response mechanism and as well as its role in the formation of sandwich compressed wood were studied in this paper. The results showed that the yield stress of wood was significantly affected by moisture content(MC), temperature and their interaction. Compared with temperature, the relative change rate of yield stress was nearly 10 times higher for each 1% increase in MC than for each 1°C increase in temperature. The experimental data revealed that the relative change rate of yield stress depended on the softening effect of wood by moisture and temperature. The asymmetry of yield stress in different grain direction also depended on wood hydrothermal softening effect. Raising the temperature or increasing the MC could make wood radial vs tangential asymmetry decrease and radial vs radial tangential asymmetry disappear. In the process of hydrothermal compression, the yield stress gradient caused by the hydrothermal softening inside the wood was the main reason for the formation of sandwich compressed wood, and provided a scientific basis for the controllability of the position and thickness of the compressed layer(s).
Effect of extreme cold temperatures on quasi-static indentation and impact behavior of woven carbon fiber epoxy composite sandwich panels with nomex honeycomb core
Authors: Jean-St-Laurent Mathilde , Dano Marie-Laure , Potvin Marie-Josée
Published: February 2021

The effect of extreme cold temperatures on the quasi-static indentation and the low velocity impact behavior of woven carbon/epoxy composite sandwich panels with Nomex honeycomb core was investigated. Impact tests were performed at room temperature, –70°C, and –150°C. Two sizes of hemispherical impactor were used combined to three different impactor masses. All the impact tests were performed at the same initial impact velocity. The effect of temperature on the impact behavior is investigated by studying the load history, load-displacement curves and transmitted energy as a function of time curves. Impact damage induced at various temperatures was studied using different non-destructive and destructive techniques. Globally, more damages are induced with impact temperature decreasing. The results also show that the effect of temperature on the impact behavior is function of the impactor size.
The EU’s approach to prostitution: Explaining the ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the EP’s neo-abolitionist turn
Authors: Rubio Grundell Lucrecia
Published: February 2021

The aim of this article is to offer a comprehensive analysis of the European Union’s neo-abolitionist approach to prostitution, drawing on the literature that addresses the global rise of neo-abolitionism and using key concepts developed by the gendered approaches to the European Union in order to adapt them to the particular context of the European Union. To do so, the article undertakes a critical frame analysis of the European Union’s violence against women policies, as it is in such policies that prostitution has been most thoroughly addressed, in combination with an analysis of the nature and evolution of the European Union’s gender equality policies more broadly. The article contends that the emergence of prostitution on the gender equality agenda of the European Union and the adoption of an explicit neo-abolitionist approach by the European Parliament can be explained by the coalescence, in the mid 1990s, of three key factors: Sweden’s accession to the European Union and the consequent positioning of Swedish femocrats, keen on exporting Sweden’s neo-abolitionist agenda to the European Union, in central positions of power within European Union institutions; the crystallisation of a robust neo-abolitionist velvet triangle through the creation of strong institutional links between the European Commission, the European Parliament and the European Women’s Lobby, which remained unchallenged; and the gradual development of a hybrid model of gender equality in the European Union which resonates with neo-abolitionist ideals at the same time as neo-abolitionism itself was increasingly associated to gender equality as a fundamental European Union value.
The effects of prosody instruction on listening comprehension in an EAP classroom context
Authors: McAndrews Mark
Published: February 2021

In many English language teaching contexts, listening activities resemble listening comprehension tests. Scholars have argued that this product-oriented approach is not particularly effective in helping learners improve their listening skills and have advocated for the inclusion of instruction that targets specific features of spoken language. The current study tested these claims in the context of an English-for-academic-purposes (EAP) listening and speaking course. Sixty-four post-secondary learners of English were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In addition to their regularly scheduled listening activities, one group received 100 minutes of instruction for two prosodic features (paratone and prosodic phrasing), while the other group received an equal amount of product-oriented listening instruction. After the instructional treatment, learners in the prosody group outperformed those in the product-oriented group on comprehension of the target prosodic features, and on general listening proficiency tests. It is argued that short periods of instruction targeting prosodic features can improve the effectiveness of traditional product-oriented EAP listening instruction.
When death strikes early as often will: How counsellors and schools can support grieving pupils and students
Authors: Wango Geoffrey , Gwiyo Leila Mkameli
Published: February 2021

Death is inevitable and universal, and the corona virus disease has only further intensified a world of uncertainties as a result of frequent accidents, HIV/AIDS, cancer and natural disasters. Bereavement after any death is a potentially disruptive life event with consequences in physical and mental health, relationships and social functioning. Death is a rather odd, thought-provoking and challenging experience, particularly in the lives of children and adolescents. Death of parent/s, sibling, relative/s, teacher, classmate or friend is a relatively new and challenging phenomenon. Persons working with pupils and students, including teachers, counsellors, school chaplain and social workers, need to be prepared to offer help to those who experience bereavement. Death is unpredictable and may occur naturally, suddenly, or traumatically. In several instances, help is sometimes required in advance of bereavement in that the death may be anticipated such as instances of prolonged illness or following a fatal accident. In all cases, the role of the teacher and counsellor in the school is pivotal in supporting pupils and students who have been bereaved. This paper highlights the need to impart post-traumatic growth in bereft pupils and students in schools in order to cope with bereavement.
Education outside the classroom as upstream school health promotion: ‘adding-in’ physical activity into children’s everyday life and settings
Authors: Bentsen Peter , Mygind Lærke , Elsborg Peter , Nielsen Glen , Mygind Erik
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

It is central for public health to answer questions related to how to change health and wellbeing in populations through interdisciplinarity and health in all policies and sectors. For a school physical activity promotion initiative to be acceptable and thus feasible, the buy-in of teachers is fundamental. Therefore, school physical activity promotion should be integrated into and support teaching activities.

Aims:

We discuss the use of education outside the classroom as a feasible pedagogical approach that integrates and promotes physical activity for school children.

Methods:

We present and discuss theoretical arguments and empirical evidence to argue and illustrate that education outside the classroom is a promising approach for promoting physical activity.

Results:

Education outside the classroom is characterised by regular curriculum-based experiential teaching activities outside the classroom with the inclusion of physical activity as a means to pedagogical ends. School subjects are taught outside the classroom drawing on problem-based learning and experiential education. Here, physical activity is integrated without compromising curriculum goals which increases teacher buy-in and thereby intervention acceptability and feasibility. Empirical evidence suggests that education outside the classroom increases boys’ moderate to vigorous physical activity and girls’ light intensity physical activity. We contend that the mechanisms are a mix of place, pedagogy and pupil motivations.

Conclusions:

Education outside the classroom is a feasible and acceptable approach to public health and physical activity promotion because it is integrated into children’s everyday settings through curriculum time and applied broadly to child populations at a low cost. The practice of education outside the classroom is context-dependent and culturally bound, and practices therefore need to be adapted to the individual sociocultural context.
Potentially modifiable risk factors for 30-day unplanned hospital readmission preventive intervention—A data mining and statistical analysis
Authors: Zhao Peng , Yoo Illhoi
Published: February 2021

Unplanned hospital readmissions have a high prevalence and substantial healthcare costs. Preventive intervention during hospitalization holds the potential for reducing readmission risk. However, it is challenging to develop individualized interventions during hospitalization because the causes of readmissions have not been clearly known and because patients are heterogeneous. This work aimed to identify potentially modifiable risk factors of readmission to help clinicians better plan and prioritize interventions for different patient subgroups during hospitalization. We performed the analysis of associations between the changes of potentially modifiable risk factors and the change of readmission status with association rule mining and statistical methods. Twenty-nine risk factors were identified from the association rules, and twenty-five of them were potentially modifiable. The association rules with potentially modifiable risk factors can be recommended to different patient subgroups to support the development of customized readmission preventive interventions.
Gender, space and sound: Listening techniques, mobile and stationary bodies
Authors: Olofsson Jennie
Published: February 2021

This article draws on an ethnographic fieldwork in which I investigated, and partook in practices of recycling graveside candles in the north of Slovenia. The aim is to show that the personnel’s listening techniques helped sustain the gendered division of labour. While the listening techniques of my male informants seemed to increase their spatial mobility in that it allowed them to occupy a wider area, the auditory skills of the women who worked on sorting the incoming graveside candles seemed to largely allow them to remain in place. Listening techniques were thus used for different purposes as they directly related to the gendered division of labour. As such, they resulted in different ways of occupying space.
Designing on the page: Composing picturebooks in a Kevin Henkes author study
Authors: Kesler Ted , Darrell Karen , Moss Yvonne , Pasternak Jessica , Valco Angela
Published: February 2021

A team of four general education second grade teachers, who work in a neighbourhood state elementary school in a large urban area in the northeast United States, and their staff developer, redesigned their Kevin Henkes Author Study to equally value pictures and design, along with writing. They asked, what narrative understandings do children express by designing on the page? Using a framework of multiliteracies, they showed how they transformed writing workshop into composing workshop to support their emergent bi- and multilingual population. Through content analysis of 80 students’ completed picturebooks and constant comparison of 13 selected students’ retrospective accounts, findings show how students developed a metalanguage of composing for both writing and design craft moves that facilitated and supported their narrative understandings. Their narrative understandings were supported within the sociocultural contexts of our writing communities. Findings show the value of author studies and transforming writing workshop into composing workshop for primary grade writers. Findings have implications for classroom-based research and teaching of composing workshop, particularly for emergent bi- and multilingual populations.
The Outback Re-Entry Device. A Pictorial Review
Authors: Mulholland Douglas , Thulasidasan Narayanan , Patel Ashish , Katsanos Kostantinos , Diamantopoulos Athanasios
Published: February 2021

The Outback™ Elite re-entry catheter (CORDIS, Cardinal Health, USA) is designed to facilitate placement and positioning of guidewires within the peripheral vasculature and allows for re-entry of a guidewire back into the true lumen of a vessel following a subintimal crossing of an arterial occlusion. The device was first introduced in 2005 and has become widely utilized in a variety of situations involving both arterial and venous interventions. This article aims to share our experiences with the Outback™ device and inform interventionalists of its utility and versatility.
Negative Correlation Between Health Care Coverage and Postpartum Depression Among Hispanic Women
Authors: Rajendran Sneha , Lutenbacher Melanie , Dietrich Mary S.
Published: February 2021

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects women across all races with serious health consequences for mothers and infants. Maternal factors may increase PPD risk, but research in exclusive Hispanic populations is limited. This secondary analysis evaluated the associations between maternal sociodemographic characteristics and reliable decrease in depressive symptoms in Hispanic women between prenatal study enrollment and 2 months postpartum. Data from all women ( n = 178) who completed a randomized control trial assessing the efficacy of a home-visitation program were included. Most women were from Mexico (66.9%), had incomes <$10,000/year (68.5%), had health insurance (58.4%), and intended to breastfeed (84.2%). Few women had high school education/graduate equivalency degree (19.3%) or a health care provider (2.3%). Using multivariate logistic regression and controlling for baseline Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score, gestational age at enrollment, and group assignment, health care coverage ( OR = 4.04, 95% CI 1.27, 12.76, p = 0.017) increased the likelihood of a decrease in level of depressive symptoms at 2 months postpartum. Acculturation, breastfeeding behaviors, and age were not associated with change in depressive symptoms. Results increase our understanding of variability of depressive symptoms in Hispanic women. Having access to health care coverage is critical. Findings provide guidance for culturally competent interventions and policies.
Von-Karman rotating flow in variable magnetic field with variable physical properties
Authors: Shuaib Muhammad , Shah Rehan Ali , Bilal Muhammad
Published: February 2021

The steady incompressible slip flow with convective heat transport under the impact of a variable magnetic field has been taken into an account over a revolving disk. The temperature dependent viscosity, density, and thermal conductivity has been scrutinized. The obtained system of nonlinear differential equations governing the induced magnetic field, steady flow, and heat transmission has put down in polar cylindrical coordinates. The subsequent arrangement of nonlinear PDEs are subside into dimensionless system of ordinary equations, while making use of similarity abstraction. The modeled equations are tackled through Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The skin fraction coefficient, heat transmission rate, and Nusselt number (skin effects coefficient) are deliberated. From the results, It can be perceived that the slip factor effectively controls the heat and the flow characteristics. The influence of dimensionless numbers such as Batcheler number [Formula: see text] and magnetic strength [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are explored and shown graphically. Further the out-turn of Prandtl number, relative temperature difference, suction parameter, and slip factor on the temperature fields and velocity profile are discussed.
Effect of filler carbonization on agro-waste based ceiling board
Authors: Ezenwa Obiora Nnaemeka , Obika Echezona Nnaemeka , Azaka Onyemazuwa Andrew , Nwadike Emmanuel Chinagorom
Published: February 2021

This work presents the use as a filler of carbonized breadfruit seed coat and recycled low density polyethylene as the binder in ceiling board manufacturing. The depulped bread fruit seed was carbonized for 2 h at a temperature of 500°C. The experimental design was set up using the Design Expert software. A total of 30 experimental tests were developed for four parameters and three responses. The parameters are carbonized bread fruit seed coat/recycled Low Density Polyethylene mass ratio (filler-binder mass ratio), compaction time, compaction temperature and compaction pressure while the responses are thermal conductivity, thickness swell and water absorption. The models developed have been validated using the Study of Variance (ANOVA). Using the 3D surface map, the influence of the parameters on the responses was studied. The optimization method of the Design Expert program was used to evaluate the optimal level of the parameters that will produce the best possible result from their combination. The result gave optimal values of 16.206% filler/rLDPE, 9.406minutes compaction time, 200°C compaction temperature and 11 MPa compaction pressure, which gave 0.246% Water Absorption, 1.998% Thickness Swell and 2.898 W/M.K Thermal Conductivity.
Problematizing leadership learning facilitation through a trickster archetype: An investigation into power and identity in liminal spaces
Authors: Edwards Gareth , Hawkins Beverley , Sutherland Neil
Published: February 2021

This study uses the archetype of a ‘trickster’ to reflect back on, and hence problematize, the role of the educator/facilitator identity in leadership learning. This is based on the view that a trickster is a permanent resident in liminal spaces and that these liminal spaces play an important role in leadership learning. Our approach was based on the reading of the trickster literature alongside reflective conversations on our own experiences of facilitation of leadership learning, development and education. We suggest that paying attention to the trickster tale draws attention to the romanticization of leadership development and its facilitation as based on a response to crisis that leads to a further enhancement of the leader as a hero. Hence, it also offers ways to problematize leadership learning by uncovering the shadow side of facilitation and underlying power relations. We therefore contribute by showing how, as facilitators, we can use the trickster archetype to think more critically, reflectively and reflexively about our role and practices as educators, in particular, the ethical and power-related issues. In our conclusions, we make recommendations for research, theory and practice and invite other facilitators to share with us their trickster tales.
Moral Reasoning Enables Developmental and Societal Change
Authors: Killen Melanie , Dahl Audun
Published: February 2021

Moral reasoning is an essential part of how humans develop and a fundamental aspect of how human societies change over time. On a developmental timescale, reasoning about interpersonal disagreements and dilemmas spurs age-related changes in moral judgments from childhood to adulthood. When asked to distribute resources among others, even young children strive to balance competing concerns with equality, merit, and need. Over the course of development, reasoning and judgments about resource distribution and other moral issues become increasingly sophisticated. From childhood to adulthood, individuals not only evaluate acts as right or wrong but also take the extra steps to rectify inequalities, protest unfair norms, and resist stereotypic expectations about others. The development of moral reasoning also enables change on a societal timescale. Across centuries and communities, ordinary individuals have called for societal change based on moral concerns with welfare, rights, fairness, and justice. Individuals have effectively employed reasoning to identify and challenge injustices. In this article, we synthesize recent insights from developmental science about the roles of moral reasoning in developmental and societal change. In the concluding section, we turn to questions for future research on moral reasoning and change.
On Dual- and Single-Process Models of Thinking
Authors: De Neys Wim
Published: February 2021

Popular dual-process models of thinking have long conceived intuition and deliberation as two qualitatively different processes. Single-process-model proponents claim that the difference is a matter of degree and not of kind. Psychologists have been debating the dual-process/single-process question for at least 30 years. In the present article, I argue that it is time to leave the debate behind. I present a critical evaluation of the key arguments and critiques and show that—contra both dual- and single-model proponents—there is currently no good evidence that allows one to decide the debate. Moreover, I clarify that even if the debate were to be solved, it would be irrelevant for psychologists because it does not advance the understanding of the processing mechanisms underlying human thinking.
Victim-heroes in collective memory: Surviving soviet repressions heroically
Authors: Khlevnyuk Daria
Published: February 2021

Memory narratives commonly include characters such as heroes (triumphant or fallen), martyrs, perpetrators, and victims. In recent years, the victim has become the central character in the dominant, western-centric, and globalized memory culture. A victim’s definition is problematic: few existing memory narratives include “ideal,” or innocent victims who suffered meaninglessly. The lines between victims and other characters in memory narratives are blurry in many cases, for instance, between a victim and a perpetrator. Using the case of Russian museums dedicated to the Soviet repressions, I study the problematic relation between victims and heroes, adding to the discussion of the victim character’s complexity. Often, victims of Soviet repressions are presented as both victims of political persecution and heroes who did not just suffer through their imprisonment but continued to live productive and creative lives. The resulting victim-hero character indicates that the category of a victim is too limiting and adds to calls for the theorization of victim taxonomy.
Medical evaluation and pharmacotherapeutical strategies in management of urolithiasis
Authors: Ng Derry Minyao , Haleem Maria , Mamuchashvili Anny , Wang Kai-yun , Pan Jin-Feng , Cheng Yue , Ma Qi
Published: February 2021

Treatment of urolithiasis depends on several important factors which include stone location, size, composition, and patient symptoms. Although significant advancements have been made in the surgical management of urolithiasis in the last decade, pharmacotherapy which can prevent the formation of new stones and decrease the recurrence of urolithiasis has not experienced the same level of success. Currently, urolithiasis is regarded as a complicated syndrome that is determined by numerous factors, and any treatment plan for urolithiasis should be individualized while considering any potential damage arising from stone-forming factors. This review introduces the most popular methods currently used to evaluate urolithiasis and the pharmacotherapy of urolithiasis based on patient-specific factors.
The power that comes from within: female leaders of Rio de Janeiro’s favelas in times of pandemic
Authors: Nunes Nilza Rogeria De Andrade
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to present how the female leaders of the favelas of Rio de Janeiro/Brazil have been protagonists in coping with the demands arising from COVID-19. The city has approximately 2 million residents living in 763 favelas. There is no strategic planning on the part of the government with coordinated actions related to the specificities of these territories — producing an escalation of demands due to the living and health conditions of the residents. It is in this multifaceted reality, with urgencies and emergencies, that we highlight the role of community by strengthening the local support networks that are built like webs inside the favela and beyond. Our statement is based on a qualitative study involving 111 such women, distributed across 105 favelas. Correlating their practices, 97% say they support health promotion through the strengthening of popular participation towards community development and defense of rights, and mobilization of health services to meet these populations’ needs, among other actions. With the presence of public agents in these places restricted in times of pandemic, these women often take up the duties of the local authorities to ensure food security, good communication among local residents on health standards, hygiene measures, assistance to the most vulnerable, etc. Perceived by community members as replacing the role of government agencies, they develop a particular way of doing politics. Calling upon resistance and solidarity, they transform this micro-power into effective changes to cope with the inequities and in benefit of citizenship and the other residents of the favelas where they live.
Flare phenomenon in prostate cancer: recent evidence on new drugs and next generation imaging
Authors: Conteduca Vincenza , Poti Giulia , Caroli Paola , Russi Sabino , Brighi Nicole , Lolli Cristian , Schepisi Giuseppe , Romeo Antonino , Matteucci Federica , Paganelli Giovanni , Marchetti Paolo , De Giorgi Ugo
Published: February 2021

Over the years, an increasing proportion of metastatic prostate cancer patients has been found to experience an initial bone flare phenomenon under both standard therapies (androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, abiraterone, enzalutamide) and novel agents (immunotherapy, bone-targeting radioisotopes). The underlying biological mechanisms of the flare phenomenon are still elusive and need further clarification, particularly in relation to different types of treatment and their treatment response assessment. Flare phenomenon is often underestimated and, in some cases, can negatively affect clinical outcome. In cases with suspected bone flare, the treatment should be continued for a minimum of 12 more weeks before further decisions about efficacy can be taken. Physicians and patients should be aware of this effect to avoid unwarranted anxiety and inadequate early discontinuation of treatment. This review aims at highlighting new evidence on flare phenomenon arising after the introduction of new drugs extending across the biochemical, radiographic and clinical spectrum of the disease.
Rare tumors in pediatric age group: Single center experience from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elborai Yasser , Alkhayat Nawaf , Elyamany Ghaleb , Alshahrani Mohammad , Ibrahim Walid , Othman Mohamed , Hamzi Hasna , Binhassan Amal , Aljabry Mansour S , Alqawahmed Raniah , alrusayni Yasir , Abdulhaleem Khadijah , Alsuhaibani Omar , Alsharif Omar
Published: February 2021

Rare pediatric tumors are heterogeneous group containing a variety of histopathological diseases, they represent approximately 10% of all childhood cancers. These rare tumors had a diversity of histology and clinical behaviors that pose different challenges to the investigators. Exploring different pediatric rare tumors. The data were reviewed, retrospectively, through the medical records of seven rare pediatric diseases between 2012 and 2019. Giant cell fibroblastoma (GCF) presented as painless swelling in the trunk, positive for CD34 with PTEN gene mutation. Neuroglial heterotopic tissue presented in 7 days old girl with facial asymmetry and bulging in the oral cavity, maximal de-bulking was done, histopathology was positive for GFAP and S100p. Left side neck mass, surgically excised revealed non-metastatic salivary grand mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Follow up without any chemotherapy or radiotherapy for 5 years with complete remission. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MCS) presented in maxillofacial bones by persistent nasal bleeding, HEY1-NCOA2 fusion gene confirmed the diagnosis. Extra-osseous Ewing sarcoma (EES) presented as rubbery painless swelling in the scalp with fusion transcript involving EWSR1-FL11. Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) presented by butter fly like skin patch in the face with foamy histiocytes in upper dermis with few Touton giant cells, extensive systemic involvement of lung and bone marrow. Metastatic ovarian choriocarcinoma with choriocarcinoma syndrome received induction two different lines of chemotherapy and consolidated with autologous stem cell transplant. Seven pediatric rare tumors, with different aspects of challenges in diagnosis and management, despite the absence of formal protocols and rarity of other center experiences.
Acute liver lobe torsion in a kitten
Authors: Tallaj Katherine M , Cortes Yonaira , Gannon Kristi M , Fettig Arthur A
Published: February 2021

Case summary

A 10-week-old intact male domestic shorthair kitten presented for an acute onset of lethargy, vomiting and anorexia. An abdominal mass effect was palpable on presentation. Blood work, abdominal radiographs and point-of-care abdominal ultrasound showed severe anemia, decreased serosal detail and abdominal effusion, respectively. Based on the concern for an abdominal organ torsion or ruptured mass, an emergency abdominal exploratory surgery was performed. Torsion of the entire caudate liver lobe was discovered with a secondary hemoabdomen, and a liver lobectomy was performed. The kitten was stabilized and discharged 3 days after surgery. At the recheck examination, 15 days postoperatively, the patient was reported to be doing well.

Relevance and novel information

Liver lobe torsion is a rare condition previously reported in six other cats; however, this is the first peer-reviewed report in a kitten successfully treated with surgery with no identifiable underlying cause.
Does Intellectual Capital Spur Sustainable Competitive Advantage and Sustainable Growth?: A Study of Chinese and Pakistani Firms
Authors: Lu Yuqiu , Li Guowei , Luo Zhe , Anwar Muhammad , Zhang Yunju
Published: February 2021

Steered by the resource-based view theory, this study scrutinizes the impact of the dimensions of Intellectual Capital (IC)—human capital, structural capital, and relational capital (RC)—on sustainable growth (SG) with the mediating role of Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA). We gathered data from 2010 to 2017 of 90 listed firms of China and Pakistan, respectively, and applied EVIEWS. The results indicate that IC plays a significant role in the SG of Chinese and Pakistani firms. IC has a significant influence on differentiation strategy (DS) in Chinese firms whereas only RC has an insignificant influence on DS in Pakistani firms. IC has a significant influence on cost leadership strategy (CLS) in Pakistani firms whereas structural and RC have an insignificant influence on the SG of Chinese firms. In terms of the mediating role, DS partially mediates the relationship between IC and SG in Pakistani firms while it only fully mediates the path between RC and SG in Chinese firms. CLS partially mediates the relationship between IC and SG in Chinese firms while it fully mediates the association between human capital and SG in Pakistani firms. This study recommends Chinese and Pakistani firms to encourage investment in IC to gain SCA and SG in the turbulent markets. To concise, this research advises Chinese firms to invest a satisfactory amount in human capital as compared with structural and RC. However, Pakistani firms should focus on IC to gain SCA and SG.
Mental Representations and Facial Impressions of Muslim Men in Japan From 2015 to 2017
Authors: Moriya Jun
Published: February 2021

There is prejudice against Muslims in many nations, including Japan. This prejudice would be related to biased mental representations of Muslim faces. Moreover, in 2015, the increased news coverage linking Muslims to terrorism in Japan would have enhanced such negative mental representations. In the present study, Japanese participants were asked to imagine Muslim men, and from two faces with a random noise pattern added, participants were instructed to choose the face they imagined to be more Muslim. Typical Muslim facial representations were visualized in 2015, 2016, and 2017 by averaging all selected noise patterns using reverse correlation. The visualized representations were evaluated using the dimensions of warmth, competence, and basic emotions. The results showed that the warmth scores for the visualized facial representation were lower in 2015 than in 2017, whereas competence scores did not differ between the representations in 2015, 2016, and 2017. “Angry” and “disgusted” scores for the facial representation in 2015 were higher than those in 2017, whereas “happy” scores in 2015 were lower than those in 2017. The decreased “angry” score and increased “happy” score predicted an increase in the impression of warmth from 2015 to 2017.
Daily Life Positive Events Predict Well-Being Among Depressed Adults 10 Years Later
Authors: Panaite Vanessa , Devendorf Andrew R. , Kashdan Todd B. , Rottenberg Jonathan
Published: February 2021

Relatively little is known about the links between the events and emotions experienced in daily life and long-term outcomes among people diagnosed with depression. Using daily diary data from the Midlife Development in the United States, we examined how positive daily life events and emotions influence long-term (10 years later) depression severity and well-being. Participants met criteria for major depressive disorder ( n = 121) or reported no depression ( n = 839) over the past 12 months. Participants reported positive events, socializing activities, and negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) for 8 consecutive days. Relative to nondepressed adults, depressed adults reported fewer positive events (fewer positive interactions, spending less time with others), lower PA, and higher NA. Among initially depressed adults, higher baseline well-being was related to higher daily PA, lower NA, and fewer days with less reported social time; higher daily PA and positive interactions predicted higher well-being 10 years later ( N = 77). Variations in day-to-day events and emotions among people with depression may presage psychological functioning years later.
Hand tumors: A review of 186 patients at a single institute
Authors: Fujibuchi Taketsugu , Imai Hiroshi , Miyawaki Joji , Kidani Teruki , Kiyomatsu Hiroshi , Miura Hiromasa
Published: February 2021

Purpose:

The spectrum of diagnoses and clinical features of hand tumors differ from those of tumors in other body parts. However, only a few reports have comprehensively referenced the diagnosis and clinical features of hand tumors. This study aimed to elucidate the diagnostic distribution and the clinical features of hand tumors undergone surgery in our institute.

Patients and methods:

A total of 235 lesions in 186 patients diagnosed with hand tumors between 1978 and 2020 were reviewed. Age at surgery, gender, chief complaint, tumor location, and pathological diagnosis were analyzed.

Results:

There were 121 benign bone tumors, 98 benign soft tissue tumors, and 16 malignant tumors. Chondroma and tenosynovial giant cell tumor were common benign bone and soft tissue tumors at the proximal phalanx of the ring finger and the palm, respectively. Meanwhile, chondrosarcoma and synovial sarcoma were common malignant tumors at the dorsal part of the hand. Local pain and painless mass were the chief complaints in patients with benign bone and soft tissue tumors, respectively. Most patients with malignant tumors were referred after unplanned resection. When patients were classified into two categories by tumor size according to maximal diameter, tumors larger than 19 mm had a significantly higher risk of malignant ( p = 0.031) despite being smaller than other tumors in different body parts.

Conclusion:

When a tumor malignancy is suspected, the patient should be referred to a specialist to avoid unplanned resection or delayed diagnosis due to misdiagnosis. Knowing the distribution and clinical features should help in diagnosing hand tumors.