bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Planktonic Algae and Epilithic Algae in Typical Rivers of Danjingkou Reservoir
Authors: Li Yu Ying , Li Jin Zhao , Liang Zi An , Yin Wei , Hu Lan Qun , Shi Jian Wei , Wang Yi
Published: October 2011

The subject of the paper is to study the effect of the different river habitat on biological diversity of microalgae in order to reveal the status of algae indicators in the evaluation of river ecosystem health. The study is conducted to compare planktonic algae and epilithic algae in Shendinghe rive (SR) and Qihe river (QR) of Danjiangkou reservoir in August 2010. The trophic status is evaluated by saprobic system. There are 193 species (varieties) belonging to 98 genera and 7 phylums of planktonic algae and 61 species (varieties) belonging to 36 genera and 3 phylums of epilithic algae in the samples of SR. There exist 165 species (varieties) belonging to 82 genera and 7 phylums of planktonic algae and 48 species (varieties) belonging to 10 genera and 4 phylums of epilithic algae in the samples of QR. 15 genera instructions 21 species (varieties) of saprobic indicators are identified in the monitored rivers. The number of oligonucleotide indicators in QR is higher than that in SR, and the number of eutrophication indicators in QR is lower than that in SR. The water quality of QR is Biologically superior to that of SR.
Non-Carcinogenic Risks Induced by Metals in Drinking Source Groundwater of North Jiangsu (China)
Authors: Zhu Qin Yuan , Liu Ning , Qian Xin , Yang Li , Dai Ming Zhong , Jiang Xiao Qing , Li Na , Sun Liu , Liu Zhi Chao , Lu Gen Fa
Published: October 2011

This study investigated the levels of eight metallic elements in groundwater of 15 tap water treatment plants (TWTPs) located in the North of Jiangsu Province, China during 2007–2009, and evaluated the non-carcinogenic risks posed by the metals. Among the metals, Zn had the highest concentration (105.3 μg L−1), while Pb contributed most (40.3%) to the average hazard index (HI) of 15 TWTPs, followed by Cd (33.8%) and Mn (12.2%). Each metal, except Pb, had an average concentration below the permissible limit of China, WHO, EU and USA. Both hazard quotients of individual metals and HI of total non-carcinogenic risk in each TWTP were lower than 1, indicating that these pollutants provided negligible public health risk for local residents. Non-carcinogenic risks induced by metals showed temporal and spatial variations, revealing that low HIs occurred more frequently in high water seasons, and the three TWTPs of Xinan, Suqian and Biantang had relatively higher HIs.
Numerical Analysis of Lightning Electromagnetic Environment inside a Typical Telecommunication Building
Authors: Huang Xiao Hong , Zhou Qi Bin
Published: October 2011

This paper presented a numerical evaluation of the lightning electromagnetic environment inside a typical telecommunication building when a lightning strikes at its lightning protection system (LPS). A model based on ‘circuit approach’ was constructed to simulate the building reinforced steel structure. Through numerical simulation, the magnetic field inside the building for two different types of LPS and for two typical lightning stroke positions was evaluated and compared. From the analysis result, some advices were proposed to protect electronic equipment against the impact of the magnetic field.
Effects of Three Salts to Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) Accumulating Cadmium in Cd-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Yi Liang Peng , Wang Zu Wei
Published: October 2011

In order to use the Cd-contaminated saline soil, experiments have been carried out to analyze the differences among effects of three salts on cadmium accumulation capacities of Brassica Napus in Cd-contaminated soil, thus to figure out the phytoremediation effects of planting Brassica Napus in different types of Cd-contaminated saline soils. Brassica Napus(a cadmium hyperaccumulator plant) has been as the research plant, the Brassica Napus was planted in Cd-contaminated soils (Cd: 10 mg•kg-1) with different salt concentrations(0 g•kg-1, 2g•kg-1,4 g•kg-1 and 6 g•kg-1) for 60 days as required by the greenhouse pot soil culture experiment, thus to study the bioconcentration factor(BCF) of Brassica Napus on Cd and the effects of Brassica Napus on the changes of concentrations in the shoots and roots. The three main salts in the soil, namely, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate, were chosen as the analysis and research objects. The results showed that the soil containing sodium carbonate inhibited the Brassica Napus from absorbing Cd in the soil, so did the soil containing sodium sulfate, however, the effect was not so obvious as that of the soil containing sodium carbonate. However, the soil containing sodium chloride had little impact on Cd absorption of the Brassica Napus that it could only slightly promote the cadmium accumulation capacities of Brassica Napus under a very high concentration, In different types of saline soils, there were significant differences among the effects of different salts on cadmium accumulation capacities of Brassica Napus, the sodium chloride in the soil had little impact on cadmium accumulation capacities of the roots of Brassica Napus, however, it could enhance the cadmium accumulation capacities of the shoots of Brassica Napus; the sodium carbonate in the soil could significantly inhibit the shoots and roots of Brassica Napus from accumulating the cadmium, therefore, it was not conducive for the Brassica Napus to accumulate cadmium.
Application of Grey Relational Analysis in Hydrochemical Composition Characteristics of Shallow Groundwater in Poyang Lake Area
Authors: Zhou Wen Bin , Hu Chun Hua , Zhao Nan Fang , Zhang Pei , Lou Qian
Published: October 2011

Based on water quality testing data of shallow groundwater samples from 16 different locations in the area around Poyang Lake, the analysis methods of grey relational analysis combine with correlation analysis are used to analyze the relevancy of several ions with total hardness, conductivity and mineralization in shallow groundwater. Moreover, the study also includes a discussion of the causes. Results show that, compared with Mg2+, Ca2+shows a better correlation with total hardness, the correlation coefficient is 0.711; the correlation of SO42-and HCO3-with conductivity are as high as 0.973 and 0.925, respectively; SO42-shows the best correlation with mineralization among seven-ions with a correlation coefficient of 0.970. Total hardness is mainly influenced by Ca2+in shallow groundwater; SO42-and HCO3-are main factors which influence conductivity; SO42-has significant influence on mineralization. According to the cause analysis, the dissolve of carbonates, the weathering and hydrolysis of calcium-containing minerals in magmatic rocks and metamorphic rocks are the main sources of Ca2+and HCO3-; SO42-content is closely related to accumulation of waste rock, burning of coal and strong rainfall in south China.
Discussion on Precautionary Policy for EMF by Power Transmission and Transformation Project
Authors: Li Ni , Wu Xiong , Pei Chun Ming
Published: October 2011

Though the suggestions on health risk assessment of extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields (EMF) by WHO has gradually begun to spread relative effectively among the administrative departments of environmental protection in China, there are still individual media or experts calling for reducing exposure limits to the arbitrary low level in the name of precaution, and endeavoring to affect the government to make decisions or management policies on EMF, with the purpose for their own interest. It has been leading to the increasing anxiety and fear towards EMF of general public. Based on the current status of EMF issue and standard development in China, this paper analyzes the principles of precautionary policies and related precautionary measures on EMF worldwide in combination with the result of risk assessment on ELF EMF and the suggestions for standards on exposure limits by international organizations, and comprehensively considers the practical situation of power transmission and transformation projects to put forward the recommendations. The exposure limits provided in the guidelines or standards by international organizations, such as International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), is safe enough to protect the health of general public. And for power transmission and transformation projects, the basic restrictions are the essential limits in these guidelines or standards, while the reference levels are just easier to implement in practical for guidance. The set of criteria for precautionary principle provided by European Union could be regarded as the reference for the development principle of precautionary policy, involving proportionality, non-discrimination, consistency, examination of the benefits and costs, examination of scientific developments and so on. Since in fact the EMF by power transmission and transformation projects belongs to weak risk, the core of precautionary policies lies in being no or low cost in practical, especially for new electrical equipments.
Indoor Airborne Particle Level in the Animal Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory of Shanghai
Authors: Cheng Tian Tao , Zhu Zhao Qin , Hu Da Wei , Song Zhi Gang , Wu Wen Juan
Published: October 2011

Exposure to biogenic aerosols such as airborne bacterium has hazardous effects upon human health. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria is a highly pathogenic microbe and arises large challenges to the enclosed laboratories for biosafety and the health of people working in them. Number concentration and size spectra of indoor aerosols were examined in the Animal Biosafety Level 3 (ABSL-3) laboratory located in Shanghai’s south suburb in July 2010. Mean particle concentration at center of the core room in dissecting experiment to MTB infected mouse (200 cm-3) was equivalent to feeding experiment to MTB infected mouse (200 cm-3), and roughly 2 times higher than background (91 cm-3). Mean particle size distribution at center of the core room exhibited a bi-peak feature under dissecting and feeding conditions, but a mono-peak feature under background condition. Because of dual negative air pressure and high frequency cleaning, MTB bacteria emitted from infected agents did not appear in the air of the preparation and core rooms. Airborne particle sampling demonstrated that MTB aerosol contamination was not detected in the indoor air. This result indicates that online monitoring for particle microphysical properties is one valuable approach to early warn and protect the safety of ABSL-3 laboratories.
Bacterial Degradation of Chlorpyrifos by Bacillus cereus
Authors: Liu Zhi Yuan , Chen Xin , Shi Yi , Su Zhen Cheng
Published: October 2011

Eleven chlorpyrifos-degrading bacterium were isolated from a Chinese soil and compared by microbiological and molecular methods. The strains were significantly different in the ability of degradation efficiency, and one strain (Bacillus cereus) was selected for further analysis. The ability of Bacillus cereus to degrade chlorpyrifos was investigated under different culture conditions, such as pH, temperature, chlorpyrifos concentration and so on. Experimental results obtained in different conditions show that the optimum temperature, pH, concentration of chlorpyrifos were 30°C, 7.0, less than 100 mg L-1, respectively.
Research on 3S Integration Technology in the Tailings Pond Monitoring
Authors: Wan Xiang Yun , Sun Lan Hui , Tian Hao Min , Huang Zhan Feng , Yang Hao
Published: October 2011

The dam break accidents of the tailings ponds occur from time to time, which has a serious threat to people's properties and lives. This paper uses the 3S technologies combined with conventional monitoring technology to build intuitive, real-time, and dynamic online monitoring network system for the observation, analysis, and early warning of the tailings ponds. When the monitoring data are abnormal, the system alarms to the personnel who manages the tailings pond by dual-mode method of sound and light. Meanwhile, the warning site is visually shown by the words and illustrations. The system provides a strong technical support for the safety supervision, accident prevention, and accident pre-control of the tailings ponds.
The Study of the Classification System for Travel Rubbish
Authors: Zhang Chi
Published: October 2011

Improper waste disposal will affect the travel experience of tourists , endanger human health. This paper demonstrats the definition of travel rubbish,the system of source classification, the classification system of physical and chemical properties, the system classification of collection and transfer system, treatment and disposal methods, the grade division of disposal scale and so on ,which has a good guidance to the management of travel rubbish.
Devoloping Resources Environmental Carrying Capacity Indicator System Based on Resource Environmental Problem Identification
Authors: Tian Ya Nan , Wang Hong Qi , Hou Ze Qing
Published: October 2011

Resources environmental carrying capacity has increasingly become an explicit aim of transport planning and policy making at local, national and international levels. Resources environmental carrying capacity indicator selection method has been proposed based on the resources environmental problem identification in this paper, and combining with the PSR and CSR model. That method makes the selection of indicator more targeted and reasonable.
The Characteristic Research of Two Kinds of Block Polymer
Authors: Yu Qing Bo , Li Xian Hua , Tao Yu Lun , Cheng Guo Jun
Published: October 2011

Dual end and single end MacroRAFT agents of polystyrene were obtained respectively by polymerizations of styrene in the presence of benzyl 1H-imidazole-1- carbodithioate (BICDT) and 4,4‘-bis(imidazole-1-carbodithioatemethyl)biphenyl (ICTMP) via the thermal initiation. Then copolymerization of allyl glycidyl ether（AGE） with methyl acrylate（MA） was performed to prepare the functional block copolymers in the presence of PSt maeorRATF agents. The results show that the process has good characteristics of living free radical polymerization. However, the top monomer conversion of triblock copolymers comparing diblock copolymers is lower under the same theory molecular weight and the content of monomer.
Ecological Footprint Calculation Model Parameters - For Example in Beijing Urban
Authors: Li Ying , Guo Ting Ting , Zhao Quan Yu
Published: October 2011

In this paper, the research start with two important parameters in the balance of factors and yield factors applied the ecological footprint model, select Beijing Fangshan, Pinggu and Yanqing as a research object, use the "Beijing Statistical Yearbook .2009" and the Beijing Municipal Land resources provided by the literature survey data to calculate the balance in Beijing's various land factor and Fangshan, Pinggu, Yanqing various types of land yield factor, and for the Beijing urbanization ecological carrying capacity guarantee.
Study on Ecological Footprint Calculation of Beijing's Urban Domestic Garbage
Authors: Li Ying , Guo Ting Ting , Li Pan Pan
Published: October 2011

This article was based on Beijing urban garbage collection and disposal methods, namely, vehicle transport, landfill, composting and incineration, etc. According to garbage collection and processing methods and combining with the 2006 IPCC internationally cognition and greenhouse gas calculation that related scholars studied, ecological footprint calculation of Beijing's urban domestic garbage was summarized and developed, thus laid foundation for the study of Beijing urban ecological carrying capacity.
Study on Ecological Footprint Calculation of Beijing Urban Animal Waste
Authors: Li Ying , Guo Ting Ting , Li Pan Pan
Published: October 2011

This article was based on Beijing treatment of urban Livestock and poultry manure, namely, composting and anaerobic treatment. According with the practical treatment and disposal and combining with the 2006 IPCC internationally cognition and greenhouse gas calculation that related scholars studied, ecological footprint calculation of Beijing urban animal waste was summarized and developed ,thus laid foundation for the study of Beijing urban ecological carrying capacity.
A Case Study on Strategic Environmental Assessment of the 11th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Wuhan City in China
Authors: Tian Li Li , Wu Jing
Published: October 2011

The five-year plan for national economic and social development is a very important kind of plan among the comprehensive plans in China, which is related to all significant problems and key aspects about economic and social development. This paper analyzes the necessity of introducing strategic environmental assessment (SEA) into the five-year plan. Also technical framework, indicators and methods of SEA on the five-year plan are discussed with the case study of SEA of the 11th five-year plan of Wuhan City. The case study shows that comprehensive environmental analysis of spatial distribution, industrial distribution, industrial structure, and transport development is the key feature of this kind of SEA, and interactive assessment mode helps to integrate environmental considerations into decision-making process effectively.
Research on Aircraft Noise Comprehensive Assessment Scheme in the Vicinity of Airport
Authors: Wang Xuan , Zhang Qing , Yuan Wen Jie
Published: October 2011

With the rapid development of air transport, the issue of aircraft noise in the vicinity of airport is attracting more and more attention. Based on the research into population-related / spatial noise assessment, combining the absolute assessment scheme and the relative assessment scheme of aircraft noise, this paper develops a widely applicable comprehensive noise assessment scheme. With a case study of Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA), through the use of its noise monitor system, the implementation and analysis process of the comprehensive assessment scheme is presented. With the justification of the scheme in making a thorough assessment on noise impact in the vicinity of airport, a better way to assess and control aircraft noise has been found for Civil Aviation Administration of China.
Research on GIS-Based Risk Assessment Method of Groundwater Pollution and its Application
Authors: Bai Li Ping , Wang Ye Yao , Li Fa Sheng
Published: October 2011

The risk assessment model and parameter system of groundwater pollution were established in this paper. The multi-index evaluation method of groundwater pollution sources was proposed, and the GIS-based risk assessment method of groundwater pollution was produced in comprehensive consideration of groundwater vulnerability and groundwater pollution sources. The multi-index method suggested in this paper was used in the risk assessment of groundwater pollution at a plain area of a big city in North China, and the different grades of groundwater pollution risk were computed. The evaluation results show that the groundwater pollution risk is determined by the combined action of ground pollution sources and groundwater vulnerability. The established risk assessment method of groundwater pollution could give a scientific support for the regional groundwater pollution prevention and control planning.
Application of Geographic Information System to Habitat Evaluation of Chinese Sturgeon（AciPenser sinensis gray）in Yangtze River Estuary，China
Authors: Yang Hong , Ding Jun , Wang Chun Feng , Chen Jin Hui , Wu Jian Hui , Chen Jian , Liu Cheng Xiu
Published: October 2011

Yangtze River Estuary, the largest estuary of Pacific Coast, is not only the unique channel for the endangered species (Chinese sturgeon) to migrate between Yangtze River and Pacific Ocean ,but also the critical habitat for its juvenile fish to feed and grow. In recent years, human disturbance to the Chinese sturgeon habitat is increasingly serious. The fragmentation、degradation and loss of the habitat are the biggest problems of protecting Chinese sturgeon. Based on several ecological factors statistical study, five habitat characteristics were selected and determined their ranges of the most suitability, and then Suitability Index and Synthetic Index analysis are used to do quantitative evaluation. Suitability Index was verified by the number Chinese sturgeon from tidal nets monitor and water quality and biological data nearby the monitoring station in Chongming Dongtan of the Yangtze River Estuary from the year of 2004 to 2010. At last , the data of the coastal water investigation of Shanghai in summer 2006 were evaluated by two different methods on Geographical Information System(GIS). The study results demonstrated that habitat areas of excellent、good、fair and poor, and habitat suitability index was better than synthetic index method on landscape grain.
Evaluation Indicators for Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) in China: Lessons Learned from Xiamen
Authors: Zhang Xiao Yin , Xue Xiong Zhi
Published: October 2011

Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) initiatives spread all over the world to cope with declining conditions and intensifying user conflicts to achieve sustainable development of coastal resources and environment. A set of indicators with regard to sustainable development and governance aspects were developed in Xiamen to monitor the State of Coasts (SOC) under ICM implementation. In developing the evaluation indicators for Xiamen, a number of lessons were learned related to data compilation, indicator development, public participation and scaling up. The experience of Xiamen was believed to contribute to develop evaluation indicators for ICM in China.
Fuzzy Hierarchy Comprehensive Evaluation of Water Quality in Different Lake Regions of Taihu Lake
Authors: Gu Li , Hua Zu Lin , Hong Bo , Li Ya Wei , Gen Yan
Published: October 2011

Taihu Lake can be divided into several different lake regions such as bay area, center area, lakeshore area and etc. according to the hydrodynamic characteristics and the lake morphology. In the year of 2010, water quality were measured in 17 sampling points, consisting of 8 points in the Zhushan Lake bay, 3 points in the western lakeshore area, and 6 points in the center area. The fuzzy hierarchy comprehensive evaluation model was used to assess the water quality in different lake regions on the basis of the measured data. This method is a combination of fuzzy evaluation to determine membership degree and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine weight. AHP can be further reduced to these steps such as the goal defining, hierarchy establishing, judgment matrix building, hierarchy single ranking, hierarchy general ranking and uniformity inspecting. The results show that water quality of Zhushan Lake bay is in class Ⅴ except for some points in class Ⅳ. Water quality of center area is between class Ⅱand Ⅳ, and that of lakeshore area is in class Ⅴ. The water quality assessment on the different lake regions by this method can more practically reflect the water environmental status of Taihu Lake. This works contributed to the improvement of water quality assessment exactness and lake eutrophication controlling in the situation of the lake with large area.
Wavelet Analysis on Suspended Sediment Concentration Variations over a Tidal Cycle in the Lianyungang Nearshore Area, China
Authors: Zhang Cun Yong
Published: October 2011

To investigate the characteristics of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) temporal variation, one representative SSC profile and its relationship with current velocity profile in calm weather in the Lianyungang nearshore area were analyzed using wavelet analysis. Results indicate that the variations of the SSC had multi-time scale characteristics and the fluctuations varied in different time periods. The correlation of periodic oscillation in the upper layers between SSC and current velocity was much more significant than the corresponding lower layer correlation. For the scale more than 4 hours, the curves of SSC and current turned out to be out phase, while this phenomenon was not obvious for the scale less than 4 hours. Wavelet analysis provided further insights into the characteristics of the suspended sediment concentration.
Research on Water Environmental Capacity of Urban River: A Case Study of Tuohe River in Suzhou City, Northern Anhui Province
Authors: Huang Shu Ling , Zhang Yong , Li Qi , Xu Dong Sheng
Published: October 2011

Water environmental capacity is an important base for making the river pollution control, weakening the pollution source and realizing the water-function target. Analyses on the present situation of water quality in Suzhou reach of Tuohe River are conducted. The hydrological characteristics, the contamination characteristics and the water environment status were investigated. Combined with the design procedure of the water environment capacity, one-dimensional water quality model was selected to calculate and analyze the water environmental capacity of Tuohe River. The results showed that the water environmental capacity of BOD5 is 1231.16t/a, CODCr is 4289.73t/a and NH3-N is 377.3t/a. The current water quality of Tuohe River was good in general, most of the river’s sections have residual water environmental capacity and it is necessary to carry out total pollution reduction plans (especially for COD) in future with the population growth and socio-economic development.
Speciation of Pb in Waste Rocks of Xinqiao Pyrite Mine in Tongling, China
Authors: Chen Li Wei , Xu Xiao Chun , Xie Qiao Qin , Huang Jie Ying
Published: October 2011

Based on the investigation of the characteristics of the waste rocks of Xinqiao pyrite mine in Tongling, the possibility of AMD was discussed, and the speciation of Pb in the waste rocks was studied by the improved five steps sequential extraction method. The results reveal that the NP is less than the AP, the waste rocks have a high acid potential and produce AMD. The speciation of Pb in the waste rocks exist mainly in the silicate, secondly in deoxidize and oxidizable mode. But the Pb contents in the deoxidize mode are correlative to the total contents in waste rocks, if the waste rocks react with the AMD, the Pb in the deoxidize and oxidizable modes may easily release from the waste rocks. So the Pb has high environmental risk.
Investigation of PCDD/Fs, Dioxin-Like PCBs and Metal Element in Honey from Taiwan and Mainland China
Authors: Wang Yan Hua , Xu Dong Mei , Hung Chung Hsien , Cheng Shuenn Ren , Yu Jian Yuan , Lee Mu Sheng , Yu Pu Ping , Chang-Chien Guo Ping
Published: October 2011

Honey has always been the center of focus, not only because of its valuable nutrition, but also because of its use as an environmental indicator. In this context, 10 honey samples from Taiwan and Mainland China were collected to detect concentration of 17 PCDD/Fs, 12 dioxin-like PCBs and 27 metal elements by HRCG/HRMS and ICP-MS. The main goal was to investigate the difference between honeys of diverse geographical origins and to validate the feasibility of honey being an environmental bioindicator. The result showed lower concentration of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs than their MDLs, indicating it was not feasible using honey as the indicator for these compounds in the environment. The result for metal elements showed a higher concentration of K, Na, Mg and Ca in honey from Taiwan than those from the Mainland. Toxic element, As, Ba, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ag, were all found present in honey from the Mainland; while only three of those, Ba, Pb, Cd were detectible in honey from Taiwan. This could imply a much more complex pollution source in the Mainland than in Taiwan
Migration of Trace Elements in Fushun Oil Shale during Self-Combustion and its Environmental Significance
Authors: Zhang Li Ping , Deng Qing Hai , Zeng Rong Shu , Jiang Nan , Liang Jie
Published: October 2011

Self-combustion of oil shale has been occurring and widespread in a long term while oil shale was considerably piled in Fushun dumping sites. After collecting samples of high- and low-grade oil shale from Fushun West Open Mine, the self-combusted oil shale from Fushun West Dumping Site, and designing the indoor high-temperature incineration experiments to simulate the self- combustion process, we tested trace elements in them and their ashes of 700°C, 1000°C by means of ICP-MS. Based on the analysis and comparison of the test dada, we studied content characteristics and migration pattern of elements during self-combustion. The results showed that elements were distributed in the similar way in samples and contents of Zr, Sr, Cr, V, Zn, Ni, Rb and Li were very high. A large amounts of trace elements were found to enter the atmosphere through volatilization in the process of Self-combustion, especially those higher volatile elements, such as Sb, Zn, Pb, W, Sn, Ta and Cd, while a few elements preferred to concentrate in solid-phase ashes. Different distribution and migration capacities of elements might be the main reason for the higher concentration of some elements in self-combusted oil shale than their background values in Liaoning soil.
Nitro-Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Particulate Matter in Dongguan
Authors: Yang Dan , Lan Shan Hong , Wu Xiu Wen
Published: October 2011

In this study, four nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Nitro-PAHs), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP)，2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), 9-nitroanthracene(9-NA) and 3-nitrofluoranthene (3-NFl) were quantified in particulate matter collected at six different functional area sites in Dongguan, China, between December 2010 and April 2011. The results showed that concentration levels of nitro-PAHs at the heavy traffic site (DaLing Shan) were higher than those at other sites. Nitro-PAHs were lower in winter than those in spring. Other atmospheric constituents, such as O3, NOx, NO2 were also recorded (not at all sampling sites) in order to investigate their correlations with nitro-PAHs concentrations. The results showed that 2-NF and 3-NFl were mostly presented positive correlation with NOx and NO2, but negative correlation with O3. There was no significant correlation between 1-NP, 9-NA and the O3, NOx and NO2.
Pollutants Characterization of Spinning Effluents Containing Dimethyl Formamide from Dry-Spun Acrylic Fiber Manufacturing by Multi Scale Membrane Filtration
Authors: Cai Bin , Zhang Qian , Liu Yue Jia , Chen Chun Mao
Published: October 2011

Spinning effluents (SE) from dry-spun acrylic fiber manufacturing are hard to biodegrade due to the high concentration of dimethyl formamide (DMF). This paper evaluated the pollutant distribution characteristics of SE by means of multi scale membrane filtritions, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nano particle size analyzer (NPSA) tests were also used as assistant measurements. The major pollutant diameters in SE range from 20 nm to 30 nm with a statistical median size of 300nm. The particulate, colloidal and soluble organic fractions contribute 8.44%, 37.13% and 54.43% to the initial COD. 11.4%, 13.67% and 71.92% of the initial DMF distributes in the particle, colloidal and soluble portion respectively. The data of ammonia are relevantly 22.17%, 11.45% and 56.38%, indicating that the soluble fraction, which is also poor in biodegradability, plays a key role in SE treatment. Beside, the majority of AN distributes in the soluble range while 90.98% of cyanide distributes in the particulate and supracolloidal portions.
Research on the Potential of Resource Saving and Emission Reducing of Papermaking Industry in China: Based on Environment Learning Curve
Authors: Han Ya Fen
Published: October 2011

This paper uses sectional data to analyse the structure of papermaking industry and its environmental influence. In the other hand, this paper uses statistical data in 1992-2010, and takes the energy and water consumption, waste gas, SO2, mist and dust, waste water, COD, the solid waste discharge per 104 RMB Yuan as indexes. The relation between these indexes and economical development is analyzed with the technical advancement and the environmental protection consciousness enhancement, and the statistical model of papermaking industry is established. According to these models, the potentials of saving resources and reducing pollution are calculated. The results are showed that: with economic development, each index is falling by power model, and the relevance presents is high. The environmental loads of different periods gradually drop, because the technical is progressing and the people’s environmental protection consciousness is enhancing. The potentials of saving resources and reducing pollution are falling in papermaking industry, but the potential of present stage is high. This provides scientific foundation for the realization of paper-making industry clean production and envitronmental friendly economy.
Analyses on Carbon Emission from Municipal Solid Waste Treatment in China
Authors: Li Huan , Jin Yi Ying
Published: October 2011

The carbon emissions from China’s MSW management are evaluated with the mass balance model. According to the MSW generation and treatment trends, the future carbon emission and sink are also predicted. The results show that the net equivalent CO2emission is maintaining at about 150 million tons at recent years, although the MSW generation is growing slowly. MSW incineration for energy production and Landfill gas utilization in landfill sites are the main ways of carbon emission reduction. China’s MSW generation will reach 166 million tons, while the equivalent CO2emission will decease to 144 million tons due to more energy recovery from MSW treatment.
Wendell Berry’s Ecological Agrarianism: a Vision for Agriculture and Environmental Protection
Authors: Yao Gui Gui
Published: October 2011

Farmers and environmentalists have been at odds with one other in America. Wendell Berry’s ecological agrarianism, however, with the health of the land and the whole ecosystem as its central concern, establishes a significant link between agrarianism and environmentalism. Envisioning a society of small farmers and city consumers with ecological virtues, Berry has reshaped the language of American agriculture debate, and fundamentally shifted the perceptions concerning agriculture education and policy making, thereby moving American agriculture toward the maintenance of ecological integrity.
The Way Households Use the Central Heating System: Observed by a Daily Charge Heat-Energy Consumption Measuring Test
Authors: Liao Bin
Published: October 2011

The pattern of using the household billing to promote heating energy savings has become a focus discussion in the current national energy conservation. Nowadays the average energy consumption in China is 2 to 3 times than the developed countries with the same weather conditions, equivalent to the level of developed countries in 60 to 70 years. We report a daily heat-energy consumption measuring test in Beijing since 2009, the result shows that 90% of the total households we tested never change their valves to regulate the heat exchange systems in two winters, the one at least change their valves once are about 5%. So that the way households use the central heating is not fit for the need to save heat-energy.
Empirical Research on the Relationship between Investment of Environmental Protection and Economic Growing of Shanghai
Authors: Wang Ling , Yang Yang , Wang Li Juan , Guo Jiang
Published: October 2011

This paper uses Impulse Response Function to empirically analyze the relationship between investment of environmental protection and economic growing of Shanghai. The result shows that Shanghai economic growth relatively contributes more to the environmental investment， while the improvement of environmental investment affects little on the economic growth. Shanghai should further promote multiplier effects of the environmental investment on economic growth in order to achieve the coordinated development between investment of environmental protection and economic growth.
The Spatial Influence Research of the Energy Efficiency in China — an Empirical Analysis Based on the Spatial Panel Data Model about the Provinces of China
Authors: Wei Wei , Song Yi Hong , Liu Zhi Hong
Published: October 2011

On the basis of the spatial panel data model, this article takes a empirical study on the energy efficiency. The results are as follows. (1) The energy efficiency has the obvious spatial dependence among the provinces of China, and the influential factors of the neighboring provinces will have impacts on the special province. (2) In various factors, the most intense are the energy price and the government intervention, which displays the inverse correlation relations with the energy efficiency. Therefore, more attention must be paid to the cooperation in provinces, the marketability reform of the energy price as well as government's unreasonable intervention in the process of the improvement of the energy efficiency.
Tires Adhesion Characteristic Analysis on Icy and Snowy Roads Based on Acceleration
Authors: Lv Jing Liang , Zhu Bao Quan , Li Bing , Fan Ying
Published: October 2011

The braking problems of vehicle on icy and snowy roads are analyzed. The acceleration data in the process of reducing speed was collected by an accelerometer. The rules of brake force changing and the acceleration were studied too. A simple calculation adhesion coefficient model was constructed and used to estimate the braking parameters. The curves of brake adhesion coefficient were also got. It is a available method to use an accelerometer to deduce the tires adhension characteristic.
Adjustment of Urban Planning and Urban Sustainable Development
Authors: Wang Zheng , Xun Ping , Zhang Lin
Published: October 2011

Scientific urban planning guides the urban sustainable development. Face to the great amount unreasonable adjustment of urban planning, how should Promote urban sustainable development? The paper analyzes the effect of adjustment of urban planning to urban sustainable development and the reason to cause adjustment of urban planning, and put forward several countermeasures such as enhancing the flexibility of planning, improving the system, strengthen supervision, for rationalizing the adjustment of urban planning further, and guiding the urban sustainable development scientifically.
Promoting a Policy to Improve the Urban Transportation Environment by a Regional Administrative Organization
Authors: Honda Yutaka , Nakagawa Dai , Oba Tetsuharu
Published: October 2011

We describe the background and results of measures to improve the urban transportation environment by the Hyogo Prefectural Government in the Hanshin-Area, which is part of the Hyogo Prefecture in Japan. Herein we demonstrate the importance of regional administrative organizations to promote improved urban transportation policies and clarify the useful knowledge for other areas considering these types of policies.
Integration Mechanism of Safety Management in Urban Specific Functional Areas
Authors: You Da , Zheng Bo Fu
Published: October 2011

Following with the rapid urbanization and industrialization, there are more and more relatively specific functional areas integrated by some function units such as industrial areas, residential areas, campuses, commercial areas and so on. Due to involving many functional units, the safety risk of the SFA becomes increasingly prominent and safety management problems have drawn the wide concerns of city managers, experts and scholars. The paper puts forward the conception of building the integration mechanism of safety management in urban SFA through analyzing the backgrounds of urban specific functional areas and its safety management situation. It clarifies the contents of the integration mechanism of safety management in urban specific functional areas from the aspects of security information platform, security publicity and education, security cultural patterns, security management systems, safety supervision, resource integration and sharing, puts forward some suggestions about safety management of specific functional areas. It will offer the theoretical reference for the making the security management plan of urban specific functional areas, urban public security planning, the division of urban functional areas, and the layout of industries.
Decoupling Analysis Based on Relationship between Economic Growth and Electricity Consumption in the City of Nanchang
Authors: Cheng Yu Gui
Published: October 2011

The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth has been the research focus for scholars both at home and abroad. The role of electric power in the development of modern city has become more and more important. It is necessary to pursue the green environmental protection structure and mode of electricity consumption due to the dangerous nuclear power. The relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption in the city of Nanchang was analyzed using decoupling analysis. Economic development planning, industrial structure and population growth of city all can affect consumption of electric power resource. The city should adjust electric power consumption structure promptly and improve energy efficiency, meanwhile quicken construction of new energy and new technology.
The Gray Correlation Research on the Sustainable Development of Beijing and Industrial Structure Based on 3EDSS
Authors: You Li Luan , Wang Mo Yu , Guo Wen Yan , Shen Xiao Liu
Published: October 2011

This paper will research the relationship between the Beijing industrial structure and the sustainable development through the 3EDSS which provides an all-round, multi-level international index data inquiry, statistics, analysis and computation function and grey correlation analysis theory, analysis the degree of association between each industry and GDP, energy consumption elasticity coefficient, sulfur dioxide emissions of Beijing, thus putting forward some suggestions for Beijing to the sustainable development and industrial structure optimization.
Game Theory Analyze for Urban Quasi-Public House Demolition — Based on the Comparative Stakeholders Theory
Authors: Xu Yan , Shi Guo Qing
Published: October 2011

With the development of urbanization, house demolition in city is more and more, during which house demolition conflict emerges. This paper is based on the hypothesis of “comparative stakeholders”, on the background of quasi-public house demolition, to make game theory model about stakeholders of the government, house demolition executors, and the dismantled. As a result, to make a deep study on conflicts of interest among stakeholders, and make a conclusion that government administration and irrational factors play the key role during quasi-public house demolition.
Sustainability Indicator of Renewable Energy System Based on Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods
Authors: Liu Gang , Rasul M. G. , Amanullah M. T. O. , Khan M. M. K.
Published: October 2011

Sustainability measurement of renewable energy system is complex, as is the system itself. The study proposes a general indicator to evaluate sustainability of a renewable energy system. In order to comprehensively assess the environmental, economic and social sustainability, eleven indicators with different dimensions are quantified and aggregated into a general indicator of sustainability (GIS) based on fuzzy decision making methods, such as fuzzy analytic hierarchy processing and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. The developed GIS is able to provide numerical results of sustainability for a renewable energy system. A case of a renewable energy system in Australia are presented to explain the application of the sustainability indicator. In terms of the four different combinations of grid, solar PV and wind renewable energy, the developed GIS is used to assess their sustainability.
Transforming to a Smart Grid in Thailand: a Road to Success
Authors: Leeprechanon Nopporn , Phonrattanasak Prakornchai , Vanijprabha Hugh
Published: October 2011

The fast growing of advanced digital technologies and the vast concern on the global warming phenomenon has led to the realization of a need for the development of “Smart Grid” throughout the globe. However there are fundamental distinctions among countries regarding the maturity of the electricity supply industry (ESI) structure, economic/political priorities and the vision of the government in this development. This paper therefore reviews major factors that involve in the development of a smart grid from selected countries, which are sensitive to these realities. Consequently, the outlook is different from the prevailing tendency to simply transplant experiences from elsewhere. The core issue that is identified in this paper is the approach to the nation’s policy. Thailand, since it is of medium size and reform oriented, is used as a main reference point. It is envisaged that the case studies discussed in this paper be useful for other countries where policy issue has become a key success of the development.
On Sustainable Development Culture and its Construction
Authors: Zhang Yong Hong
Published: October 2011

The sustainable development culture is a culture aiming to bring culture itself into harmony with the times, promote social all-round progress and human overall and sustainable development. In today’s china, this culture is particularly needed because of the ecological crisis and population pressure we are facing, the present state of Chinese culture and the pressing need of China for construction of cultural soft power. In the construction of sustainable development culture, special attention should be given to cultural selection, education popularization and system guarantee.
On the Risk and Countermeasures of Carbon Financial Innovation
Authors: Bi Yu Jiang
Published: October 2011

Financial innovation and financial risk often emerge at the same time. On one hand, financial innovation can transfer and disperse part of financial risks. On the other hand, financial innovation can also produce new risk factors. If the financial institutes want to put up any carbon financial innovation in the low-carbon economy time, they must improve their risk consciousness, keep away and control financial risk. This paper discusses the potential financial risks in carbon financial innovation, and brings forward relevant policy advices.
The Solidification Path due to the Solute Redistribution of Al-Si-Mg Alloys
Authors: He Zhi , Zhou Hao Bin , Zhang Zhong Yao , Li Lan Yun
Published: October 2011

The solution redistribution was an important phenomenon during the solidification of multi-component alloys. The different paths of solidification of different component Al-Si-Mg alloys were calculated in this paper. The calculations were coupled with CALPHAD technology. The interaction of solutes would change the solute redistribution coefficients during the solidification especially in the ends of solidification. The solidification paths were calculated by employing the CALPHAD technology and the binary partition coefficients separately. The results show that errors exist under assuming the partition coefficients of solutes as a constant due to the interaction between solutes in ternary alloys. The predicted solidification processes of Al-Si-Mg alloys agree well with the experimental results in this paper.
Study on the Cooperation Decision-Making Model in Integrated Green Supply Chain for Industrial Wastes Reusing Considerations
Authors: Li Hai Yan , Dan Bin , Rao Kai , Zhao Hong
Published: October 2011

Difference from traditional green single supply chain, this paper discusses a multiple supply chains cooperation model with the consideration of production wastes reusing, integrated green supply chain. We establish the uncooperative dynamic game model and the joint decision-making model. The different waste supply and demand quantificational conditions and the output and price strategy of product under the above condition are given. Especially, through comparing the joint decision-making with the independent decision-making, the following are suggested: When waste supply is far less than demand, the cooperation scope of system profit and main product output do not exist; When waste supply is far greater than demand, the cooperation scope of main product output of upstream supply chain is the maximum, and the cooperation scope of system profit is much bigger; When waste supply is roughly matchable to demand, the cooperation scope of system profit and product output of upstream supply chain are the largest.