bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing Evidence-Based Standards: A Case Study in Knowledge Translation
Authors: Steinfeld Edward  , D'Souza Clive  , White Jonathan
Published: February 2025

In the U.S. the technical criteria in a voluntary building standard called ICC/ANSI A117.1. are the basis for minimum building regulations that accommodate wheeled mobility users. Research conducted in 1970's was the basis for these criteria but since that time, wheelchairs and their users have changed considerably. This paper describes a research and development project designed to update the evidence for these technical criteria and communicate them to the standards committee, the majority of whom do not have a background in either research or building design practice, in a manner that would facilitate making good decisions. A graphic method was used to communicate research findings so that members of the committee could understand the impact of their decisions. The graphics are now available to practitioners who seek to accommodate a wider range of wheeled mobility users than the minimum standards required by regulations. Thus these tools provide a visual evidence base for regulatory activity and universal design practice with higher ambitions.
Applicability of Eddy Current Testing to the Evaluation of Electric Wire
Authors: Akagawa Junichi  , Katsumata Ryosuke  , Maeda Kotaro  , Matsumoto Yoshihiro  , Harada Yutaka
Published: February 2025

Electric wires are laid down nationwide while they are subject to severe environmental conditions, including natural phenomena, such as heavy wind and rain, and soot and smoke in the industrial area. If water penetrates into an installed wire which is exposed to such an environmental condition, it may accelerate corrosion of wire. If a great amount of stress is applied to a wire, it may result in cracking in the concerned wire section, leading to wire break. In order to ensure reliable power transmission and prevent wire break which causes an accident, it is essential to correctly understand the status of wire corrosion. We propose a new ECT method to inspect high voltage electric wires of common use in Japan and evaluate its practical applicability.
Comparison of Lorentz Force Eddy Current Testing and Common Eddy Current Testing – Measurements and Simulations
Authors: Carlstedt Matthias  , Porzig Konstantin  , Ziolkowski Marek  , Uhlig Robert P.  , Brauer Hartmut  , Toepfer Hannes
Published: February 2025

Lorentz force eddy current testing (LET) is a novel nondestructive testing technique which can be applied preferably to the identification of internal defects in nonmagnetic moving conductors. The paper describes the comparison with established eddy current testing technique. The investigation of the performance of LET has been performed providing a qualified comparison (similar testing conditions) with the classical eddy current testing (ECT). Additionally, numerical simulations have been done. The results are compared with measurements to test the feasibility of defect identification.
Pipe-Wall Thickness Measurement at High Temperature by Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer
Authors: Nakamoto Hiroyuki  , Kojima Fumio  , Morikawa Atsushi  , Tabata Hiroki  , Kosaka Daigo
Published: February 2025

This paper is concerned with a high temperature tolerance electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT). In order to use in high temperature environments, the EMAT is composed from samarium-cobalt magnets and a heatproof coil. Measurements of pipe-wall thicknesses require the ultrasonic velocities in the high temperature environment. The ultrasonic velocities are measured, and are used in the electromagnetic resonance (EMAR) method. The thicknesses measured by using 17 pipe specimens with a simulated corrosion are nearly equal to the reference values corrected with thermal expansions. The feasibility and effectiveness of the high temperature tolerance EMAT are confirmed.
Inversion of eddy-current testing signals using a fast interpolation over an optimal defect-database
Authors: Bilicz Sándor
Published: February 2025

In this contribution, the inverse problem of electromagnetic nondestructive evaluation is targeted. The inverse problem is formalised as an optimisation task which is to be performed over a small number of parameters of a defect model, in order to fit the simulated data to the measurement as much as possible. A well-known drawback of this classical scheme is the time-consumption associated with the numerical simulation of the forward problem. To overcome this, we propose the use of a pre-calculated database consisting of corresponding pairs of defect parameters - output signals. The generation of the database is performed by an adaptive sampling scheme which has already been published and studied. The main contribution in the present work is the use of a quadratic programming routine for the optimisation. This is made possible by the use of piecewise linear interpolation of the output signal over the samples stored in the database. Our approaches are illustrated via examples drawn from eddy-current testing, using up to six defect parameters.
Extending the TAM model to explore the factors that affect Intention to Use digital textbooks in primary teachers' views
Authors: Liu Yan  , Wu Minhua  , Sun Zhong
Published: February 2025

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the views of the primary teachers' future intention to use digital textbooks. In this paper, we take the Technology Acceptance as a foundation and extend the external variables including satisfaction usefulness, interactive learning activities, digital textbook effectiveness and user-interface design. Data was collected through questionnaire from 220 schools in some Chinese province; research is designed as structural equation modelling to analyze the key factors which influence teachers to use digital textbooks that is a new way of digital learning. This paper proposes a number of scientific hypotheses and validates the extending model. Results show that most of hypotheses are supported, which indicate that the extended variables are important factors to make a multi-level influence on teachers. Finally it is inferred that a conceptual model which is accepted easily by teachers, for understanding teachers' satisfaction, effectiveness and intention of digital textbooks and developing or designing the digital textbooks.
Research on Service System of Smart Residential District in China
Authors: Wang Bo  , Zheng Yuhang  , Shi Qinghong  , Gao Yuan  , Sun Zhiguo
Published: February 2025

Residential district is the mainstream living form in Chinese cities. China launched 193 smart cities pilot in 2013. Smart Residential District is a great important part of smart city and there is an urgent need for complete service system as theoretical support. Based on people's higher demands for living and life qualities in China and combined with our construction experiences of Intelligent Residential District, the service system of Smart Residential District was proposed. The result of this research gives the guidance to the top layer design for Smart Residential District and will improve its construction level and quality.
White Knights of the Smart City
Authors: Kymäläinen Tiina  , Sahar Farrukh  , Palviainen Jarmo
Published: February 2025

In this paper we will demonstrate how a science fiction storyboard was used as a means for delivering and discussing future technology and design innovations. We present a case in which an illustrated storyboard exemplified the interactions of an experienced-centered technology design concept – a winter caretaking system for a smart city and two devices that could assist its citizens. In the science fiction introduced, the emphasis is on the experience-centered design approach, particularly experiences relating to nurture, sympathy and control.
Proposal of a multiagent-based smart environment for the IoT
Authors: Klimek Radosław  , Kotulski Leszek
Published: February 2025

This work relates to context-awareness of things that belong to IoT networks. Preferences understood as a priority in selection are considered, and dynamic preference models for such systems are built. Preference models are based on formal logic, and they are built on-the-fly by software agents observing the behavior of users/inhabitants, and gathering knowledge about preferences expressed in terms of logical specifications. A 3-level structure of agents has been introduced to support IoT inference. These agents cooperate with each other basing on the graph representation of the system knowledge. An example of such a system is presented.
Recognizing Actions of Humans in Motion for Smart Environments
Authors: Starostenko Oleg  , Rosas-Romero Roberto  , Martínez-Carballido Jorge  , Alarcon-Aquino Vicente  , Sanchez J. Alfredo
Published: February 2025

Development of high precision systems for recognition of human actions directly from video records is still open problem. Recently, in smart environments the recognition of dynamic actions of human in motion receives a particular interest. We propose two approaches for human action recognition. In the first approach, the envelope of 30x30 pixels is applied to enclose invariant to dimensions human silhouette separated from background. Once the area with located figure is defined, the image sequence is used as input of convolutional neural network that extracts global figure features without previous image processing. The second proposed approach is based on natural knowledge of the human figure such as proportions of body and position of feet. Together with processing global features, we extract six local features combining in this way the holistic and cluster-based approaches for representation of human figure. The input sub-sequence of previously aligned binary silhouettes from video frames is processed to concatenate local and global features into a single feature vector feeding hierarchical system of three linear support vector machines for human action classification. In order to evaluate the proposed approaches, two frameworks for recognizing human actions such as walk, jump, run, side and skip have been designed and tested on Weizmann standard and proper developed datasets achieving correct classification rate of 97–100%.
Toward Ambient Intelligent Systems for Improving Levels of Creativity in Arts Learning Environments
Authors: Christopher Kameron R.  , Hochenbaum Jordan  , Kapur Ajay
Published: February 2025

Affect plays an essential role in the creative ideation of artists. This paper presents work in developing an intelligence framework for augmented environments with the aim of facilitating higher levels of creativity in arts education environments. We base our study on data collected from students at a leading US arts institution, as well as other research, that have shown a direct correlation between positive mood and high-levels of creative ideation. This paper discusses several participatory sensing methods we have employed in collecting affective information, the ongoing development of an intelligence framework, and several ways in which we are working to apply this framework in augmented art environments.
Preliminary study on facial thermal imaging for stress recognition
Authors: Derakhshan Amin  , Mikaeili Mohammad  , Ali Khalilzadeh Mohammad  , Mohammadian Amin
Published: February 2025

It has been demonstrated that there is correlation between increased blood perfusion in the orbital muscles and stress levels for human beings. It has also been suggested that this peri-orbital perfusion can be quantified through the processing of thermal video. The idea has been based on the fact that skin temperature is heavily modulated by superficial blood flow. We have developed a high-definition thermal-imaging technique that can detect stress by recording the thermal patterns from people's faces. This technique has an accuracy comparable to that of polygraph examination by experts and has potential for application in remote and rapid security screening, without the need for skilled staff or physical contact. Although polygraph examinations, which have high precision when applied by experts, are good at identifying liars, they are impracticable for mass screening because skilled operators are needed, subjects have to be attached to instrumentation for several minutes, data analysis is time-consuming and the interpretation of data is delayed. We explored the possibility of using high-definition thermal imaging of the face for detecting deceit because it enables rapid automated analysis of changes in regional facial blood flow to be quantified. For stress recognition, support vector machines (SVM) and LDA are applied to design the stress classifiers and its characteristics are investigated. Using gathered data under psychological polygraphy experiment; the classifiers are trained and tested. The pattern recognition method classifies stressful from non-stressful subjects, based on labels which come from polygraphy data. The successful classification rate is 96% for 12 subjects. This means that facial thermal imaging because of its non-contact advantages, could be a remarkable alternative for psycho physiological methods.
Development of borehole data management system using augmented reality
Authors: Lee Sangho  , Suh Jangwon  , Park Hyeong-dong
Published: February 2025

Borehole information is widely used for many purposes since the data provides essential and accurate geological information of underground and surface conditions. The borehole data is generally provided in the form of boring logs which contains boring data of a single borehole so a lot of boring logs are required to produce further information about a target area. We developed application software for the iPad to enable a user to look into the underground from the surface using borehole information and augmented reality techniques. The borehole data from a remote data server or internal storage of the iPad is processed internally and then overlaid on a camera screen or 2-dimensional map so the user can navigate the borehole data visually. Various geological and geotechnical information (i.e. USCS rating and explanation of each layer, bed rock type, N-value obtained from standard penetration test, groundwater level) as well as positional information (i.e., depth, coordinate, altitude) of the underground can be identified by touching the searched borehole data. The user also can modify existing data or add a new borehole in the field. A field survey was also carried out using more than 100,000 borehole data to validate the accuracy and reliability of the system.
Using Gigapan and LiDAR as supporting tools when analyzing Rockfall hazard in Norway
Authors: Smebye Helge  , Lato Matthew J.  , Kveldsvik Vidar
Published: February 2025

Development in remote sensing has opened up new techniques to map and quantify rockfall in massive rockfaces like those in the western Norwegian fjords. Gigapan photogrammetry enable the visualization of the entire slope in detail with the ability to zoom into the image to see individual features. The terrestrial LiDAR scanning gives the possibility to quantify the findings in the Gigapan photos. In Lyseboten this technique was used with success, and 19 rockfall sources threatening the construction site of Lyse's new electrical power plant was identified. Prime lenses with long focal length targeted the size and distance to the rockface should be used when shooting the Gigapans. Care should also be taken when selecting scanning positions to avoid wind and other factors that could influence on the data quality.
Management of Data for Underground Infrastructure Development in Asia
Authors: Maxwell Angus
Published: February 2025

Over the past twenty five years there has been an almost exponential rise in the quantities of data generated during construction projects. The base data behind this huge volume of traffic is surprisingly small but in general is handled in inefficient ways leading to duplication and double handing. Many organisations have attempted to improve on the management of information and communication but with mixed results. The paper will review the history of construction data management for geotechnical jobs in Asia including Australia, comment on successes and failures and consider the driving forces behind these. The paper will conclude by offering a road map for the future management of information which avoids the pot holes and focuses of delivery of improved risk management within complex contractual and technical project environments.
Use of Miniature Soil Stress Measuring Cells under Repeating Loads
Authors: Arshad Muhammad  , O'Kelly Brendan C.
Published: February 2025

Different types of soil stress measuring cells have been successfully used in model tests under monotonic loading after following a strict calibration exercise to simulate field conditions. This paper explores the potential of one particular type of strain-gauged cell (type TML–PDA–200kPa) to determine the magnitudes of stresses generated at soil-structure interfaces and also within the soil medium for repeating load tests on models at 1 g. Difficulties associated with the use and calibration of these cells, including hysteresis, are discussed. In the present investigation, repeating load tests performed on dry sand prepared at different density states indicated that the cell response was strongly dependent on sand density, load amplitude, loading frequency and number of load cycles.
Update of Data Mining Models for the Prediction of Laboratory Soil-Cement Mechanical Properties
Authors: Tinoco Joaquim  , Gomes Correia Antonio  , Cortez Paulo
Published: February 2025

In the past, a novel approach for mechanical properties prediction of Jet Grouting (JG) laboratory formulations was proposed. Such approach is supported in advanced statistics analysis, usually known as data mining, and is able to predict with high accuracy the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and stiffness of JG laboratory formulations. In this paper, the developed model for UCS prediction is updated using new data collected from a new project involving cutter soil mixing technology. This update increased the model applicability domain, particularly in terms of the water/cement ratio, cement content and cement type, keeping the same high performance in UCS prediction of soil-cement laboratory formulations as the old model.
A generic relational database of materials with a strength modeling tool
Authors: Exadaktylos George  , Liolios Pantelis  , Stavropoulou Maria  , Xiroudakis George
Published: February 2025

A relational web driven database accompanied by a strength modeling tool has been developed to provide a more generic and flexible Information Technology (IT) tool that will enable someone to have fast internet access to strength and other useful properties of a wide range of structural natural or artificial damageable materials. Since many structural plain or composite materials are usually involved in every geotechnical engineering subsurface or surface geostructures (e.g. bolted or shotcreted rock slopes and tunnels, compensation grouting, steel or glass reinforced plastic tendons in soils, retaining walls and wooden piles in contact with soils etc), the following five classes of engineering structural materials are considered: porous and pressure sensitive materials like, (1) rocks and soils, (2) concretes and ceramics as well as (3) woods, and crystalline and ductile materials such as (4) metals or alloys, and amorphous materials like (5) glasses.
A VBA application automating a batch process of data for liquefaction hazard map
Authors: Li Zhen  , Liu Fang  , Jiang Mingjing
Published: February 2025

A recent model has been developed for assessing the probability of liquefaction-induced lateral deformation exceeding a threshold by considering seismic randomness. This model is useful for liquefaction hazard zonation, which however requires assessment for a large number of locations and involves numerous data to be processed. This paper presents an application coded using Visual Basic Application script in the environment of Microsoft Excel for automating a batch process of data in order to obtain the probability of liquefaction-induced deformation at locations in a large area. This application includes three modules, i.e., the seismic module, the conditional module and the main module. The seismic module is to develop the joint probability distribution of two seismic parameters based on the USGS data set. The conditional module computes the conditional probability of lateral deformation being exceeded at a given site and a given earthquake based on a previous semi-empirical model of liquefaction-induced lateral deformations. The main module combines the other two modules in a loop to achieve overall probability of deformations exceeding a threshold at numerous sites. The effectiveness of this application is demonstrated through a case study, in which the final product of a liquefaction hazard map resulted from the data processed by the application is also presented.
Subsurface Imaging and Interpretation using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT)
Authors: Anbazhagan P.  , Chandran Deepu  , Burman Shashank
Published: February 2025

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a non-invasive geophysical technique which is capable of providing continuous high-resolution imaging of the subsurface. GPR is widely used in geotechnical engineering and most of the interpretations are visual based and qualitative. The objective of this study is to produce an effective algorithm to interpret a GPR wave form, so that it can be used to quantify the changes occurring in the subsurface more precisely. In this study, a GPR survey has been carried out at 10 selected locations in Coimbatore, India using low frequency (25MHz) ground coupled rough terrain antenna. Subsurface information was interpreted through a visual method by looking at the wave pattern changes. Time domain wave forms were converted as frequency domain; Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectrum were developed. The peak frequency (25MHz) ground coupled rough terrain antenna. Subsurface information was interpreted through a visual method by looking at the wave pattern changes. Time domain wave forms were converted as frequency domain; Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectrum were developed. The peak frequency (fp) from FFT has nearly the same range of values for all the traces within that layer. In the absence of borehole data, soil layer interfaces are estimated by measuring fpvalue at some fixed interval of depth (say every 1m) and by plotting it versus depth, where fpvalue changes abruptly at interfaces.
Soil Compaction Characterizations through Electrical Resistivity in Field Investigations
Authors: Chik Z.  , Islam T.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents soil compaction characterizations in field using soil electrical resistivity. In roads and highway engineering, it is necessary to achieve the expected dry density of soil through field and laboratory tests. Conventional tests include the standard procedures like sand cone method, rubber balloon method and nuclear method are normally conducted at sites as compaction work is progressing. To achieve field dry density of 90 to 95 % of maximum dry density the samples are determined from standard proctor tests in laboratory. Conventional methods are costly and tedious when large number of soil samples are to be collected from field for tests. Measurements of moisture contents are obtained by drying process of moist soil excavated from sites. Soil resistivity method is used in this research to obtain soil dry density, particle size distributions and soil compaction characteristics in field investigations. High precision digital multimeter, Fluke 8846A and insulation tester, KEW 3111V are used to measure soil electric resistivity of compacted soils. Results of standard proctor tests for maximum dry density in laboratory are compared with the performance of field compaction characterizations using electrical resistivity. The main advantage of using soil resistivity method and computer database programming is the acquisition of immediate and hence reliable results where field tests data is consequently characterized using information stored in a computer database. Soil compaction characterizations using resistivity method show good agreement with conventional method of soil investigations conducted in geotechnical laboratory of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).
Using Patent Co-Citation Approach to Explore Blu-ray Technology Classifications
Authors: Wang Yu-Hui  , Kuo Pin-Chen  , Chow Tzu-Han
Published: February 2025

Blu-ray Disc (BD), the next generation in optical discs, offers clearer and sharper image, better sound quality than DVD. In 2013, more than 72 million households have BD compatible devices in U.S. This paper aims to explore objectively key technology fields and intellectual intelligence of this emerging BD technology for participants. The patent co-citation approach (PCA), a patent classification system that is adaptive to the characteristics of a specific industry, is applied to draw key technology fields of BD technology. The results show that BD patents can be classified into eight technological categories. Most patents are classified into the two factors – factor 1.1 recording medium, recording and reproducing process, and factor 1.2 information recording medium, defect management. The intelligence can benefit patent management to make technological forecasting, research planning, and technological positioning for BD technology.
Differentiated Contribution of Context and Domain Knowledge to Products Lines Development
Authors: Urrego-Giraldo German  , Giraldo G. Gloria Lucía
Published: February 2025

The systematic development and improvement of products is directly related to the quality and management of the involved knowledge. In general, this knowledge is neither organized into specific categories nor treated and represented systematically and consistently. The classification and management of knowledge in terms of two categories: context knowledge and domain knowledge, leads to a systematic and expressive representation of knowledge involved in the development, evolution, and exploitation of solutions (products or systems). The definition of the process concept as the application of a context on a domain allow model and manage process and micro processes in the life cycle of any type of solutions. Context and Domain concepts are extended to consider the specific contributions of each one in the processes of the life cycle of Products Lines.
A Hierarchical Method for Coupling Analysis of Design Services
Authors: Li Nan  , Xu Wensheng  , Cha Jianzhong
Published: February 2025

In modern time, design is a kind of highly complex activities with a large number of coupling relationships existing among essential design factors and design resources. Traditional research is mainly focused on the internal coupling analysis for design objects and design process, but rarely involves essential design factors coupling and design services coupling. In this paper, a coupling analysis method for design service modeling and execution is proposed. In order to build multi-resolution coupling model in the local and global size, Essential Design Factors Binding Matrix and Essential Design Factors Matrix group will contribute to expressing the inside of the relationships between design services. A hybrid approach, based on partitioning operation, clustering operation and genetic algorithms, will be used to solve the coupling sets for global essential design factors. Finally, the theory, method and technologies mentioned above will be demonstrated on typical complex engineering applications.
Research on Software Resource Sharing Management in Collaborative Design Environment Based on Remote Virtual Desktop
Authors: Xu Wensheng  , Li Nan  , Tang Hong  , Cha Jianzhong
Published: February 2025

For complex product development, different experts from different domains may use various engineering software tools to collaborate in the product development process in a distributed environment. An engineering software resource pool needs to be built to facilitate efficient software resource sharing and management in the collaborative design process. Engineering software tools can be encapsulated either as SOA services through SOA based technologies, or as interactive desktop services through remote virtual desktop technology according to their different interfaces and requirements. For interactive software resources, a software resource sharing conceptual model is analyzed in this paper, and a software resource sharing framework is proposed for collaborative design based on the remote virtual desktop technology. Based on Ulteo – an open-sourced remote virtual desktop platform, a software resource sharing platform is designed and implemented for high-speed train axle lightweight design, in which relevant software tools are managed and provisioned as remote desktop interactive software services and can be shared and accessed in a distributed environment. Through the software resource sharing platform, users can customize their work desktop with different software resources according to their own demands, and various resource sharing modes can be well supported.
Extending BPMN for Configurable Process Modeling
Authors: Zhang Hongyan  , Han Weilun  , Ouyang Chun
Published: February 2025

Configurable process modeling provides a key approach to capture possible process variations into one (reference) model on the one hand and to retrieve individual process variants through configuration of the model on the other hand. BPMN, a standard for business process modeling and a mainstream language being widely adopted in practice, lacks the configurable modeling capability. In this paper, we propose an extension to BPMN to support configurable process modeling with a focus on control-flow perspective. Using configurable workflow net as the theoretical foundation, we formally define the semantics of the proposed extension to BPMN, its correctness-preserving conditions, and its configuration semantics. We name the resulting language Configurable BPMN, i.e. C-BPMN, and provide a running example to illustrate how C-BPMN supports configurable process modeling as well as process configuration.
Combining 3D Printing and Electrospinning for the Fabrication of a Bioabsorbable Poly-p-dioxanone Stent
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan  , Xiang Ke  , Li Yu  , Chen Haiping  , Hu Qingxi
Published: February 2025

For a good radial strength and small volume, the metal stent is widely applied in treating vascular disease. However, because metal stents can form a fixed stenosis in the treated area of vascular disease, it is not appropriate for treating children who are growing up. Bioabsorbable vascular stent (BVS) is the ideal choice for children. Aiming at overcoming the defects in mechanical properties of existing vascular stents, a sliding-lock bioabsorbable poly-pdioxanone (PPDO) vascular stent, which is fabricated through combining 3D printing and electrospinning technology, is proposed herein. The results of experiments show that when the thickness of a stent is constant, the stent combined with electrospinning is obviously better than one fabricated through 3D printing. In addition, it is very favorable for the growth and proliferation of cells. This fabrication process lays the foundation for further applying the stent in treating vascular disease in children.
Optimization of Process Parameters for Biological 3D Printing Forming Based on BP Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Zhenglong  , Liu Yuanyuan  , Chen Haiping  , Hu Qingxi
Published: February 2025

As one of rapid prototyping technologies, biological 3D printing forming process is used to prepare three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering. Its complexity and unstability of its processing environment make it difficult to form three dimensional internal pore structure of bone scaffold. Thus, it is necessary to optimize the process parameters. In this paper, the orthogonal experiment is employed as Back Propagation (BP) neural network training sample to establish the nonlinear relationship between bone scaffold wire width and process parameters, then by optimizing the process parameters by Genetic Algorithm (GA), the optimal combination of the biological 3D printing forming process parameters is obtained. The forming experiment of bone scaffold's results show that based on BP neural network and Genetic Algorithm (GA), biological 3D printing forming process parameters optimization method is feasible and can help to get good quality bone scaffold.
Opportunities and Challenges of Industrial Design Brought by 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Qi Na  , Zhang Xun  , Yin Guofu
Published: February 2025

3D printing technology has been gradually used in many fields, such as industrial manufacturing and areas of life, therefore, it will bring great changes to the manufacturing and have a great influence on human's consumption patterns in the future. Based on the latest technological information, types and the status quo of 3D printing technology in the field of industrial design application have been summarized. What's more, a series of opportunities and challenges of industrial design have been predicted and particulrized according to the principle and developing trends of 3D printing technology. The purpose is that it could make industrial designers and relevant persons seize the opportunities brought by 3D printing technology and actively face the challenges at the same time, which will benefit to whole world.
Product Development Supported by MFF Application
Authors: Vidović Ivan  , Karakašić Mirko  , Kljajin Milan  , Duhovnik Jožef  , Hočenski Željko
Published: February 2025

The paper presents MFF (Matrix of Function and Functionality) application (beta version) that is designed for a wide range of engineers to help in the development of new products or their parts. The basic idea for the application was to create a knowledge base in a specific area that contains the knowledge of engineers acquired during their working life and during product development at one place. The knowledge base is formed automatically by inputting the individual characteristics of the product. By means of this characteristic it is possible to generate MFF. After the calculation of the matrix, the user can make modifications so as to reach the final solution of the concrete problem.
City-Product Service System: a Multi-scale Intelligent Engineering Design Approach
Authors: Zhang ZaiFang  , Ostrosi Egon  , Fougères Alain-Jérôme  , Bluntzer Jean-Bernard  , Liu Yuan  , Pfaender Fabien  , Tzen MonZen
Published: February 2025

There is a grown interest to smart cities of the future with natural interaction between the body of the city and the different product using this body. This paper proposes a new approach that seeks to bridge and integrate the Product Service System and City Service System. Product service system engineering approaches driven by the performance criterion can deliver the right services of the product all the time. However, in the context of the city, the product service engineering should consider the body of the city and city service engineering should consider the product which uses the body of the city. Therefore, a new system service emerges: City-Product Service System engineering. It opens a new emergent area of intelligent sustainable engineering design.
Intelligent Engineering Design of Complex City: a Co-evolution Model
Authors: He Bin  , Ostrosi Egon  , Pfaender Fabien  , Fougères Alain-Jérôme  , Choulier Denis  , Bachimont Bruno  , Tzen MonZen
Published: February 2025

Engineering design and planning of the city is trans-disciplinary complex problem. City can be considered an evolving living body in complex interaction with its citizens, its artificial physical environment, and its natural physical environment. City is a multi-physic, multi-agent, multi-stratified and multi-scale object. City is also an intersecting object. It shares some of properties of two kinds of objects: empirical objects as well as theoretical objects. Based on these properties, this paper proposes a model of intelligent engineering design of a complex city. The space of problem is called Citizen Problem Space. The Citizen Problem Space is bridged to Functional Problem Space which is formulated in response to the citizen problem. The functional problem is reformulated also in response to intermediate solutions, and co-evolves with the design solutions. Design solutions belong to the Solution Space. Process Space also interacts with Solution Space. Thus the design solutions can only be dynamical consensual: satisfying both functional problem and process problem. This model depicts an evolutionary system composed of four evolutionary spaces. The evolution of each space is guided by the most recent population in the other space. It is a co-evolution model. It provides the basis for a multi-agent computational model of engineering design of the city bridged to the citizen big data extraction. It produces a multi-scale city with a holonic structure.
A Proposal on a Remote Recycling System for Small-sized E-waste
Authors: Mishima Nozomu  , Torihara Kenta  , Hirose Kiyoshi  , Matsumoto Mitsutaka
Published: February 2025

Material recycling of small-sized e-waste such as mobile phones etc is an emerging issue in Japan. However, in practical recycling process, the cost for recycling which heavily depends on the labor cost of manual disassembly is one of the largest problems. Outflows of e-waste to overseas often occur to avoid the high labor cost in developed countries. To reduce the recycling cost and to secure critical metals contained in the e-waste, remote recycling can be a good option. The authors have already proposed the concept of remote recycling in 2008. Recently, inspired by the start of the legislation to expand the target of recycling to small-sized EEE, we noticed that the concept is suitable for small-sized e-waste. Since it is difficult to consume much labor power for small products, physical separation methods (magnetic, pneumatic, electro-statical, etc) are being considered. But, those methods require large facilities and case-by-case adjustment of processes. Contrarily, the authors think human vision will be the most flexible and reliable method to separate valuable parts and non-valuable parts. This paper proposes a basic system of remote recycling based on tele-operation technologies, for small-sized e-waste and carries out feasibility studies of the system. Then, it discusses that concurrent designs of products, disassembly processes, tele-operation methods, social infrastructures and recycling processes are necessary to implement the system. Finally, it concludes that the remote recycling system is a promising concept that can satisfy low recycling cost, high quality and flexible separation of materials, and domestic preservation of critical metals in future.
Framework of Concurrent Design Facility for Aerospace Engineering Education Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Xu Dajun  , Bil Cees  , Cai Guobiao
Published: February 2025

Concurrent Design Facility (CDF) is an effective and efficient manner to implement Concurrent Engineering methodology. In aerospace engineering education, CDF is invaluable to lecturers by enabling the entire student team to gain cross-discipline skills and at the same time stay at the cutting edge of technology. Establishment of CDF is always consuming much money on hardware and software. This paper presents a low cost CDF framework which is suitable for aerospace engineering education in class room based on cloud computing. An important aspect of CDF is collaboration between multidisciplinary specialists or virtual specialists in engineering education. Collaboration in CDF requirement some dedicated hardware or software to exchange file, manage knowledge, collaborative work on writing report, and even remote communicate with other work teams in traditional means. Emergence and development of cloud computing have made above-mentioned requirements become very easy to be fulfilled. Some public cloud computing servers, , such as Goolge docs, Google Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox, Mendeley, can be used in CDF for education to save investment on hardware and software related to data, file, and information exchange. Google Talk and Skype can be used to remotely communicate with work team at other location. This CDF framework has many benefits, include low cost on hardware, software and human, reduce preparation time, and easy to deploy in classroom education.
Simulation on the Combustion System Work Process for Internal Combustion Engine by Using KIVA-3V
Authors: Shi Yan  , Liu Yongfeng  , Jia Xiaoshe  , Pei Pucheng  , Lu Yong  , Yi Li
Published: February 2025

In order to simulate the combustion system work process for an internal combustion engine accurately, the KIVA-3V software is used to generate the combustion system meshes. During the process of mesh processing, the K3PREP generator is used by the block-structured technology to generate the 60° computational meshes of the combustion system based on the modified 4JB1 engine. Three steps are included in mesh generation. First, calculation area is divided into several blocks. Second, these blocks are numbered and defined by the structure parameters separately. At last, the computational meshes are generated by patching blocks together in a certain order. Variables such as cylinder pressure, cylinder temperature, NOX and SOOT emission are predicted and analyzed by using single injection strategy. The results show that the K3PREP generator can provide a good foundation for the subsequent of internal combustion engine simulation, and It was found that the production of NOX begins from the moderate burning period, reaches a peak quickly and keep constant. The production of SOOT is mainly in the late of fast burning period to the moderate burning period and most of the SOOT is oxidized.
A Concurrent Simulation Framework of Power Plant for Online Fuel Analysis Based on GRNN Neural Network
Authors: Song Jingge  , Ma Xiaochao  , He Boshu  , Yan Linbo  , Pei Xiaohui  , Wang Chaojun
Published: February 2025

A concurrent simulation framework is proposed for biomass-coal blending combustion. General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) is employed as a fast ‘black box’ model for biomass property modeling. Higher Heat value (HHV) and fractions of C,H,O,N,S are selected as output and input parameters and the training is based on data collected from literatures. Then the model is combined with simulator of power plant to simulate operation process concurrently. Experiments on a 750 MW and a 550 MW power plant system show that the framework can provide fast and flexible simulation of a batch of operation process concerning fuel changing, whilst keeping the computing accuracy at an acceptable level.
Shared Management of Product Portfolio
Authors: Garbi Giuliani Paulineli  , Loureiro Geilson
Published: February 2025

Product diversity is a feature of current sustainable economy. A customer demand by product diversity is a challenge for companies which need establish new solutions to maintain its competitiveness. For companies be competitive in current sustainable economy within a scenario of high concurrency, constant need of innovations, and covering the resources constraints, the companies should realize the strategic and portfolio management. The product portfolio has an important role in business strategic, product portfolio enables alignment between the sustainable economies needs and companies goals.
Set-Based Concurrent Engineering for Early Phases in Platform Development
Authors: Levandowski Christoffer  , Raudberget Dag  , Johannesson Hans
Published: February 2025

Set-Based Concurrent Engineering (SBCE) is a comprehensive approach to achieve efficiency in product development by providing guidelines to align the development activities. Given a certain range in a design problem, a set of design solutions is defined. Eliminating infeasible regions gradually narrows the set down to a working solution. Similar to platform-based development, SBCE further aims to reuse design knowledge from past development efforts. Although they share the goal of design reuse, there is a fundamental difference between SBCE and platform-based design. The SBCE design process produces one solution while the creation and use of a platform produces a product family. This paper elaborates an approach for platform concept development. It uses set-based concurrent engineering and its principles to develop a platform based on functions and design solutions while preserving the bandwidth. It shows how function-means trees and trade-off curves can represent solution spaces. Further, these spaces are narrowed down to manageable and desirable size to represent a product platform in line with current technology and available manufacturing capabilities. The approach is illustrated with a case from the aerospace industry showing how a manufacturer of parts for a jet engine can develop comprehensive concepts for a platform. The design space is narrowed down using desired bandwidth and compatibility between design solutions. While the approach has proven feasible in the test case, it requires manufacturing and technology development to produce trade-off curves. This implicitly requires technology development and manufacturing development to precede product development. Alternatively, product development, production development and technology development need to be perfectly coordinated in a concurrent manner.
SysML-based Model Driven Discrete-Event Simulation
Authors: Liu Yitao  , Irudayaraj Prashanth  , Zhou Feng  , Jiao Roger J.  , Goodman Joseph N.
Published: February 2025

The analysis of modern complex systems is becoming more dependent on simulation approaches. The variety of discrete-event simulation tools and their complex nature have caused problems of low efficiency in such simulation processes. The quality of simulation also largely depends on the analysts understanding to the whole system. These short comings are holding the discrete-event simulation back form wider utilization. A Model Driven Architecture approach is employed in this paper to support the practice of discrete-event simulation modeling based on SysML. A case study of photovoltaic solar power system lifecycle cost analysis is conducted as a validation of the proposed method.
Readiness for Operation during Transition in Global Enterprise
Authors: Bondar Sergej  , Stjepandić Josip
Published: February 2025

Concurrent engineering in distributed industrial environments sets enormous demands on the organization for a close collaboration between the companies and departments involved. Seamless data communication in all phases is a prerequisite for fast and cost-optimal collaboration processes. Automotive suppliers that develop modules and components for OEMs or tier-1 suppliers face the challenge of ensuring that they make the CAD data available in the format required by their customers and with a high level of reliability and, if data translation is involved, that they take the system configuration of the respective customer into consideration. The main obstacles in this process chain are the insufficient data quality and communication interfaces to OEM's PDM system which in particular arise in case of major changes (system change or change of ownership). This paper describes the approaches taken in cooperation between the supplier portal www.opendesc.com and two global suppliers.