bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Crystalloscopic analysis in detection of saliva metabolome specialties in elderly people
Authors: Martusevich Andrew K. , Kashirina Anastasia O. , Fedotova Alexandra S. , Tuzhilkin Alexandr N. , Sokolovskaia Svetlana V.
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Role of IL-1β, Prolactin and DHEA in men Patients Infected with Toxoplasmosis
Authors: Ali faieq Zahraa , Al-Hadraawy Saleem Khteer
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Study the association among some novel biomarker in acute leukemia patients
Authors: Aljuboory Dhuha Salman , Sharba Intisar Razzaq
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Environmental education of students
Authors: Kuzminova I. , Vartanova N.
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Visualization as a method of overcoming anxiety and nervous tension, reducing symptoms of depression and stress in difficult life situation
Authors: Makarova Elena , Degtyareva Elena , Kholina Oksana
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Principles of intermediaries’ liability in the online environment: the issue of online self-regulation
Authors: Pokrovskaya Anna , Gronic Irina
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Theoretical and methodological foundations for the development and formal model of behavior of a subject of a multi-level innovation environment with information asymmetry
Authors: Gurtuev Alim , Makhosheva Salima , Ivanov Zaur , Khadzhieva Mariyam
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: The integrative communicative technologies as a factor in the formation of ecological culture and eco-friendly communication of students
Authors: Chernitsynа Margarita M. , Kolmikova Viktoria А.
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Issues of identification in the technical term literary form interpretation
Authors: Xatamova Dilfuza , Boltaboev Hamidulla , Altundag M.
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Formation of critical thinking to overcome existential fears in people 15–17 years old as an element of sustainable behavior
Authors: Turik Elena , Abukumova Irina , Elagina Marina , Pronenko Evgeny
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Formation of resilience, ecocentric worldview, conscious citizenship for the purpose of physical improvement and patriotic education of teenage athletes
Authors: Bayer Elena , Gonchar Oksana
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Activity-target methodology - a new mechanism for assessing the quality of education
Authors: Timoshek Igor
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Career anchors and value orientations as tools for evaluating soft skills of technical university students in the context of digital socialization
Authors: Kuren Sergey , Beluzhenko Olga , Demyanov Alexey , Dontsov Nikolay , Kosenko Evgeny
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Digital model of psychophysiological support for university students
Authors: Pozharskaya Elena , Basina Natalya , Golosnov Oleg , Popova Svetlana , Rybalka Julia
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Transformation of the vocational training of primary school teachers in the context of bioengineering development
Authors: Belovitskaya Svetlana , Shatokhina Irina
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Quantitative assessment of sustainability level of industrial enterprises
Authors: Zharov Vladimir , Tokarenko Anna
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Numerical study of hydrodynamics processes fluidized bed
Authors: Feoktistov I.I. , Kovalev D.S. , Maltsev A.S. , Mechnik D.A.
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Use of paraboloid solar concentrators to reduce heat consumption of residential buildings in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kamolov J.J. , Mirzayev M.S. , Fayziyev Sh.Sh. , Samiev K.A.
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Results of mathematical modelling of the cooling system for solar panels of a hybrid power plant based on solar and hydraulic energy
Authors: Bozarov Oybek , Aliev Rayimjon , Kuchkarov Akmaljon , Goipov Elmurod , Kuchkarova Mahmudahon
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Selection of technical components of Micro HPP
Authors: Salomov Uktam , Kuchkarov Akmal , Urishev Omad , Mamatov Olmosbek
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Development of solar water heater collector with less hydraulic resistance
Authors: Abdukarimov Bekzod , Kuchkarov Akmaljon , Botirov Doniyor , Nazirjonova Shohnoza
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Battery technologies: exploring different types of batteries for energy storage
Authors: Rakhimov Ergashali , Khoshimov Diyorbek , Sultonov Shuxrat , Jamoldinov Fozilbek , Imyaminov Abdumannob , Omonov Bahrom
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Auger feed mixer with perforated winding
Authors: Frolov Vladimir , Rytov Kirill , Samurganov Evgeny
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
RETRACTED: Analytical model of reliability of the freight rail transportation forecasting system
Authors: Zhuravleva Natalia , Chechenova Liana
Published: January 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 84, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248400001
IoT and Machine Learning based Green Energy Generation using Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources of Solar, Wind and Hydrogen Fuel Cells
Authors: Hamed Al Hajri Nawaf , Naji Al Harthi Rahaf , Pasam Gopi Krishna , Natarajan Rajababu
Published: January 2024

As the world seeks sustainable energy solutions, Internet of Things (IoT) applications demand consistent and efficient power sources. This paper presents an innovative hybrid renewable energy system, seamlessly integrating solar photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, and hydrogen fuel cells, tailored for IoT applications. Through machine learning algorithms, our proposed system not only optimizes energy generation in real-time but also ensures uninterrupted energy supply to IoT devices and consumers, even in fluctuating environmental conditions. This universal approach markedly diminishes the dependence on non-renewable energy sources, promoting a greener and more resilient energy infrastructure. The incorporation of hydrogen fuel cells uniquely positions our system as a reservoir for excess energy, ensuring consistent power even when solar or wind outputs diminish. Moreover, by synchronizing IoT devices with our energy system, we have procured real-time data on energy dynamics, facilitating unparalleled optimization and reduced wastage. The presented system shows the way for a sustainable future through the efficient green energy generation with the ever-evolving landscape of IoT applications and machine learning techniques.
A systematic approach for risk assessment and mitigation of wind integrated electricity markets
Authors: Boda Naresh , Tiwari Prashant Kumar , Panda Rajesh
Published: January 2024

A risk-based double auction mechanism with dispatchable loads is one of the most cost-efficient trading mechanisms in the modern real-time electricity markets. Risks in the system due to various uncertainties, such as line failure, generator failure, load changes and other severe contingencies causes non-systematic execution of real-time electricity markets. This paper presents a simple and systematic procedure for reducing system risks in deregulated power markets considering wind power integrations. For maximizing the considerable system social welfare and minimizing the system’s economic risk, the optimal placement and operation of wind power producers (WPP) have been suggested. The critical buses have been identified by accessing the different assessment tools e.g., Value at Risk (VaR), Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), and locational marginal pricing (LMP) based Marginal Pricing Index (MPI). The presented approach has been evaluated and validated on modified IEEE 30-bus system.
Rehabilitation and Techno design of Distribution transformer and 11kV feeder of a radial distribution system
Authors: Abdul Saleem Shaik , Rama Rao J.V.G. , Lokeshwar Reddy Ch.
Published: January 2024

In any transmission and distribution system- the performance of that system mainly depends on voltage regulation and efficiency. Hence for the better operation of the system, it is required to maintain constant voltage regulation with good power factor and low power loss throughout the feeder. This can be achieved by using various methods. Out of those, placement of a capacitor bank at the densely loaded areas is the best-proven method compared to any other method. This research work considered the feeder-5 of the Al-Uwainath primary substation which was suffering from low voltage–poor regulation- problems. Here in this research modeled and analyzed 3 different techniques for rehabilitation to this low voltage, poor regulation, and power factor problem and recommended the most efficient method out of the three methods. As a part of this project simulated the same conditions of the site after collecting the data of the feeder from the site by using ETAP software and checked the performance by calculating its voltage regulation, power losses, and power factor in all three 3 different methods and recommended the most efficient method of feeder-5 rehabilitation by comparing the results of three methods with the exciting system.
Soft-switching dual Active Bridge Converter-based Bidirectional On-Board Charger for Electric Vehicles under Vehicle-to-Grid and Grid-to-Vehicle Control Optimization
Authors: Sonnati Venkateshwarlu , Arandhakar Sairaj , Phani Kumar K.S.V.
Published: January 2024

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are rapidly replacing conventional fuel vehicles, offering powerful, emission-free performance. This paper introduces an innovative three-phase bidirectional charger for Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) applications, strengthening the connection between EVs and the power grid. The charger employs a two-stage power conversion approach with advanced converters and a simplified dq-based charging control strategy. An efficient AC-DC converter facilitates smooth transitions between modes, responding to grid directives for active and reactive power. A Soft Switching Dual Active Bridge (SS-DAB) DC-DC converter optimally interfaces with the EV battery pack, while dual active LCL filters suppress harmonics, enhancing system performance. Simulated results confirm the charger’s effectiveness in a 3.5kW prototype using MATLAB/Simulink.
Adaptive bicycle: A novel approach to design a renewable and energy-efficient electric bicycle with manual charging
Authors: Harivardhagini S. , Reddy V. Sreelatha , Pranavand S.
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on developing an adaptive bicycle prototype with a manual charging mechanism for renewable energy. In response to environmental concerns and the demand for eco-friendly transportation, the research introduces a sustainable approach for short-distance travel. The goal is to demonstrate human power as an effective alternative to non-renewable energy by converting cycling’s rotational force into electrical energy. This energy is stored in a specialized battery and used to power the bicycle with an electric motor’s assistance. The methodology involves constructing and testing a prototype to capture and store energy during pedaling, analyzing mechanical components, electrical conversion, and battery efficiency. Controlled experiments assess the adaptive bicycle’s functionality and effectiveness in self-charging without external power. Results indicate successful integration of the manual charging mechanism with an average energy conversion efficiency of X%. The adaptive bicycle offers a sustainable solution for short-distance commuting, minimizing environmental impact and promoting an eco-friendly mode of travel. This innovative approach highlights the integration of renewable energy into everyday transportation, addressing environmental concerns by reducing dependence on non-renewable sources.
Technology Optimisation of Hybrid PV Systems for Covering Energy Needs of Emergency Shelters for Ukrainian War Refugees
Authors: Belik Milan , Rubanenko Olena
Published: January 2024

Hybrid photovoltaic systems have become a common solution for decreasing energy consumption for specific objects and customers at present time. The efficiency of the entire system depends strongly also on the technology of the used battery inverter. In general, DC-coupled inverters are recognized to be more energy efficient. Surprisingly, in some specific cases, AC-coupled systems can offer better results. Ukraine escalates the problem with internal migration, that can be solved just through constructing new communities of emergency shelters. Integrating these units into Ukrainian overloaded and damaged distribution grids must be projected very precisely to limit not just power consumption but also power injection. Particular savings can be reached with the proper application of AC or DCcoupled systems. This article describes that phenomenon presented on specific real cases defined through own consumption profile, battery storage system management, climate conditions, and PV system design. The presented results show that the proper choice of battery inverter technology can save interesting amount of energy produced from the installed PV system. The AC coupled system can offer not just higher flexibility and modularity, but also higher energy efficiency of the hybrid system, lower grid feed-in.
Review: Relay coordination in DGs with Electric Vehicle
Authors: ganji Srikant , Manohar J. Namratha , Yesuratnam G. , Bhargavi R. Naveena
Published: January 2024

This research offers a comprehensive examination of the most effective approach to synchronize overcurrent relays within a protective system alongside protective relay. Every effort has been made to encompass all potential strategies for achieving optimal coordination among overcurrent relays. Both modern approaches, like Harris hawk optimisation, and more traditional ones, such ground-based circuit breakers, are included in this category of overcurrent protection with Electric Vehicle. The operation of a Smart Grid [1] is characterized by varying load demands, generation levels from DGs, and charging/discharging behaviours of EVs. These factors can lead to different fault currents and altered fault impedance profiles at various times. An adaptive coordination scheme can dynamically adjust relay settings based on these changing conditions to optimize sensitivity and minimize coordination time. In this paper briefly discuss traditional approaches but focus mostly on using Harris Hawk Optimisation to enhance the coordination of overcurrent relays. This document compiles citations for all relevant works and offers a concise overview of the study conducted. Furthermore, the outcomes of these methods are documented in their corresponding references.
SARS-CoV-2 Exposition und Seroprävalenz von
SARS-CoV-2-Antikörpern bei Medizinstudierenden in der ersten Phase der
Pandemie, 2020–2021
Authors: Landmesser Patricia , Weissbrich Benedikt , Peter-Kern Martina , Krone Manuel , Liese Johannes G. , Streng Andrea
Published: January 2024

Hintergrund Medizinstudierende sind bedingt durch ihre klinische
Ausbildung und bei Nebentätigkeiten in der Klinik häufiger
Kontakten zu SARS-CoV-2-Infizierten ausgesetzt als die
Allgemeinbevölkerung. Wir bestimmten die Seroprävalenz von
SARS-CoV-2-Antikörpern bei Medizinstudierenden in der klinischen
Ausbildung zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten in der Anfangsphase der Pandemie und
befragten die Teilnehmenden zu möglichen SARS-CoV-2-Expositionen im
medizinischen und im privaten Bereich.

Methodik Im Zeitraum Mai 2020 bis Juni 2021 wurden Medizinstudierende des
jeweiligen 3. Studienjahres (6. Fachsemester) am Universitätsklinikum
Würzburg befragt und SARS-CoV-2-Ungeimpften eine Bestimmung ihres
SARS-CoV-2-Serostatus angeboten. Die Blutproben wurden mittels Immunoassay
(Elecsys, Roche) auf IgG/IgM/IgA-Antikörper gegen das
SARS-CoV-2 N-Antigen getestet. Demographische Daten, SARS-CoV-2-Erkrankungs- und
Impfstatus, sowie mögliche SARS-CoV-2 Expositionen wurden mithilfe eines
Fragebogens erfasst.

Ergebnisse 383 (86,1%) von 445 Studierenden beteiligten sich an
der Querschnittsbefragung (65% weiblich; Altersmedian 22 Jahre; IQR
21–24). Von 223 (58,2% von 383) ungeimpften Teilnehmenden wurde
der Serostatus ermittelt. Im Zeitraum zwischen Pandemiebeginn in Deutschland
(Februar 2020) und dem Befragungszeitpunkt gaben 332 (86,7% von 383) an,
eine Tätigkeit im medizinischen Bereich auszuüben, vor allem im
Rahmen von Famulaturen (76,8%) oder Nebentätigkeiten mit
Patientenkontakt (48,8%). 129 (33,7%) gaben einen
vorangegangenen Kontakt zu einem COVID-19-Patienten an, davon fanden
78,3% der Kontakte in einer medizinischen Einrichtung statt. Bei 8
(3,6%) der 223 getesteten, ungeimpften Teilnehmenden konnten
Antikörper gegen SARS-CoV-2 nachgewiesen werden, dabei ließ sich
bei 3 Infizierten ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Infektion und einem Kontakt im
Rahmen der medizinischen Tätigkeit vermuten.

Schlussfolgerung Trotz häufigen Patientenkontaktes und des damit
möglicherweise einhergehenden erhöhten Infektionsrisikos zeigten
Medizinstudierende des 3. Studienjahres in den ersten 18 Monaten der Pandemie
gegenüber der Allgemeinbevölkerung keine erhöhte
Seroprävalenz und eine niedrigere bzw. ähnliche
Seroprävalenzrate wie Medizinstudierende in anderen europäischen
Ländern. Dies weist auf einen ausreichenden Schutz von
Medizinstudierenden zu Beginn ihrer klinischen Ausbildung durch die damaligen
Hygiene- und Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen bei medizinischen
Tätigkeiten hin.
Bedside Clinical Hand-held Ultrasound in an Internal Medicine
Department: The "Bed Med-Us" Experience of Codogno and its
Clinical Utility in the Management of Diagnosis and Therapy in 1007
Patients
Authors: Giangregorio Francesco , Mosconi Emilio , Debellis Maria Grazia , Palermo Eliana , Provini Stella , Mendozza Manuela , Ricevuti Laura , Esposito Ciro
Published: January 2024

Purpose Handheld ultrasound (HH-US) answers simple clinical questions in
emergencies. We performed conventional US with HH-US at the patient’s
bedside (BED) during a medical visit (MED) (BED MED-US). The purpose of this
prospective study is to estimate BED MED-US reliability, its clinical impact in
helping the clinician to formulate correct diagnoses, and its ability to save
time and money.

Materials and Methods 1007 patients (519 M; age:76.42) were
assessed (from March 2021 to November 2022) in one or more districts. Final
diagnosis was determined with clinical and reference tests (chest RX/CT,
abdominal CT, endoscopy, etc.). Sensitivity, specificity, LR+ and LR-,
and corresponding AUROC were evaluated. HH-US diagnoses were classified as:
confirmation (HH-US revealed the sonographic signs that confirmed the clinical
diagnosis) (CO), exclusion (HH-US excluded the presence of the ultrasound signs
of other pathologies, in the clinical differential diagnosis) (EX), etiological
(HH-US reaches diagnosis in clinically doubtful cases) (ET), or clinically
relevant incidental (HH-US diagnoses that change the patient's process
completely) (INC).

Results HH-US reliability: true-pos: 752; true-neg: 242; false-pos: 7;
false-neg: 6 (sens: 99.1%, spec: 97.6%, LR+: 98.5; LR-:
00.15, AUROC: 0.997); clinical impact: CO-diagnosis: 21%; EX:
25%; ET: 47%; INC: 7%; saved time and money:
approximately 35,572 minutes of work and 9324 euros.

Conclusion BED MED-US is a reliable clinical imaging system, with an
important clinical impact both in diagnosis (etiological in 47%,
incidental in 7%) and in the management of personnel resources.
Exploring the determinants of energy poverty in Indonesia’s households: empirical evidence from the 2015–2019 SUSENAS
Authors: Saputri Novani Karina , Setyonugroho Lourentius Dimas , Hartono Djoni
Published: January 2024

This study explores the determinants of household-level energy poverty in Indonesia by using highly granular, household-level socioeconomic data on Indonesia from the 2015–2019 National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS). This study utilizes two distinct methods to assess energy poverty in Indonesia with regard to accessibility, aiming to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the issue. Using logistic regression with the combination of district-level fixed effects and interactions between regional and yearly terms, this study finds that, in general, the likelihood of a household being under energy poverty is negatively associated with household expenditure, dwelling size, family size, full-time employment status, and the marital status and educational attainment of the household head, while the associations with other determinants, such as the gender of the household head and LPG and electricity prices, are positive. These associations between the incidence of energy poverty and households’ socioeconomic and demographic variables, as well as the prices of modern and alternative energy, are in parallel with the findings from other similar studies that have been conducted in other developing countries or regions. Furthermore, this study finds some substantial variations in the estimation results for Java and outside Java.
Toward conceptual clarity for digital cultural and social capital in student learning: Insights from a systematic literature review
Authors: Feng Shihui , Tan Cheng Yong
Published: January 2024

This systematic review examined the association between students’ digital cultural and social capital and their learning outcomes, focusing on the characteristics, related factors, and impact of their digital cultural and social capital. Through a literature search process using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, 21 studies were identified for inclusion in the review. We found that digital cultural and social capital provides a useful theoretical basis for understanding the underlying effects of the digital divide on student development. Results of the review allow us to propose operational definitions of digital cultural and social capital, as well as refine our conceptualization of these forms of capital, including their roles in the reproduction of educational inequalities. Lastly, strategies that could be implemented by schools, parents, and other stakeholders in educational systems to bolster students’ digital cultural and social capital are suggested.
Strategies for combating prejudice against Muslims in Australia
Authors: Chowdhury Nayeefa , Khandoker Ahsan H.
Published: January 2024

The post-9/11 era has witnessed an upsurge in prejudice against Muslims in Western societies. Prejudice runs the risk of leading to discrimination if left uncurbed. This review attempts to explore the strategies used to combat prejudice against Muslim communities in Australia. A Boolean search for the key terms found seven studies (N = 3,177) that were conducted between 2012 and 2022. The study findings suggest that lower levels of education, lack of knowledge of Islam and Muslims, age, and a perception that prejudiced beliefs against Muslim communities are shared by the mainstream population are significant predictors of prejudice against the said group. Intergroup-contact strategy is the primary strategy which has been employed to combat prejudice. However, most of the studies that have been conducted lack ecological validity. In addition, the issues related to multilayered causal mechanisms leading to intergroup contact have been critiqued in this review. Recently, a few studies have used the psychoeducational approach in combating prejudice against Muslims in Australia. This approach has gained external validity. However, the studies related to psychoeducational intervention in combating prejudice against the said group are in their infancy. Recommendations have been made for future research directions that are efficient, practical and may inform government education policies.
Not all men: the debates in social networks on masculinities and consent
Authors: Rios-Gonzalez Oriol , Torres Analia , Aiello Emilia , Coelho Bernardo , Legorburo-Torres Guillermo , Munte-Pascual Ariadna
Published: January 2024

Evidence shows the role men can have to contribute to the prevention of non-consensual relationships and gender violence, mainly fostering educational and social strategies which strengthen egalitarian male models that take consent as a key aspect in their sexual and affective relationships. In this regard, social networks show the existence of discourses that reinforce these male models. However, there is a gap in the analysis of how the previously mentioned discourses on consent are linked to men’s sexual satisfaction. The present study deepened into this reality by analysing messages on Reddit and Twitter. Drawing on the Social Media Analytics (SMA) technique, conducted in the framework of the European large-scale project ALL-INTERACT from the H2020 program, the hashtags notallmen and consent were explored aimed at identifying the connections between masculinities and consent. Furthermore, three daily life stories were performed with heterosexual men. Findings shed light on the relevant positioning of men about consent as a key message to eradicate gender-based violence; in parallel, they reveal the existence of New Alternative Masculinities that have never had any relationship without consent: they only get excited by free, mutual and committed consent, while repulsing unconsented or one-sided relationships.
Quantum geodesics in quantum mechanics
Authors: Beggs Edwin , Majid Shahn
Published: January 2024

We show that the standard Heisenberg algebra of quantum mechanics admits a noncommutative differential calculus Ω1 depending on the Hamiltonian p2/2m + V(x), and a flat quantum connection ∇ with torsion such that a previous quantum-geometric formulation of flow along autoparallel curves (or “geodesics”) is exactly Schrödinger’s equation. The connection ∇ preserves a non-symmetric quantum metric given by the canonical symplectic structure lifted to a rank (0, 2) tensor on the extended phase space where we adjoin a time variable. We also apply the same approach to obtain a novel flow generated by the Klein–Gordon operator on Minkowski spacetime with a background electromagnetic field, by formulating quantum “geodesics” on the relativistic Heisenberg algebra with proper time for the external geodesic parameter. Examples include quantum geodesics that look like a relativistic free particle wave packet and a hydrogen-like atom.
Capturing the electron–electron cusp with the coupling-constant averaged exchange–correlation hole: A case study for Hooke’s atoms
Authors: Hou Lin , Irons Tom J. P. , Wang Yanyong , Furness James W. , Wibowo-Teale Andrew M. , Sun Jianwei
Published: January 2024

In density-functional theory, the exchange–correlation (XC) energy can be defined exactly through the coupling-constant (λ) averaged XC hole n̄xc(r,r′), representing the probability depletion of finding an electron at r′ due to an electron at r. Accurate knowledge of n̄xc(r,r′) has been crucial for developing XC energy density-functional approximations and understanding their performance for molecules and materials. However, there are very few systems for which accurate XC holes have been calculated since this requires evaluating the one- and two-particle reduced density matrices for a reference wave function over a range of λ while the electron density remains fixed at the physical (λ = 1) density. Although the coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) method can yield exact results for a two-electron system in the complete basis set limit, it cannot capture the electron–electron cusp using finite basis sets. Focusing on Hooke’s atom as a two-electron model system for which certain analytic solutions are known, we examine the effect of this cusp error on the XC hole calculated using CCSD. The Lieb functional is calculated at a range of coupling constants to determine the λ-integrated XC hole. Our results indicate that, for Hooke’s atoms, the error introduced by the description of the electron–electron cusp using Gaussian basis sets at the CCSD level is negligible compared to the basis set incompleteness error. The system-, angle-, and coupling-constant-averaged XC holes are also calculated and provide a benchmark against which the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof and local density approximation XC hole models are assessed.
Preliminary searches for spin-dependent interactions using sidebands of nuclear spin-precession signals
Authors: Shortino J. , Knappe-Grueneberg S. , Voigt J. , Chu P.-H. , Reid A. , Snow W. M. , Kilian W.
Published: January 2024

Various theories beyond the Standard Model predict new particles with masses in the sub-eV range with very weak couplings to ordinary matter. A new P-odd and T-odd interaction between polarized and unpolarized nucleons proportional to s⃗⋅r̂ is one such possibility, where r⃗=rr̂ is the spatial vector connecting the nucleons, and s⃗ is the spin of the polarized nucleon. Such an interaction involving a scalar coupling gsN at one vertex and a pseudoscalar coupling gpn at the polarized nucleon vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-0 pseudoscalar bosons. We describe a new technique to search for interactions of this form and present the first measurements of this type. We show that future improvements to this technique can improve the laboratory upper bound on the product gsNgpn by two orders of magnitude for interaction ranges at the 100 micron scale.
Real-time acoustic holography with physics-reinforced contrastive learning for acoustic field reconstruction
Authors: Zhong Chengxi , Lu Qingyi , Li Teng , Su Hu , Liu Song
Published: January 2024

Acoustic holography (AH) provides a promising technique for arbitrary acoustic field reconstruction, supporting many applications like robotic micro-nano manipulation, neuromodulation, volumetric imaging, and virtual reality. In AH, three-dimensional (3D) acoustic fields quantified with complex-valued acoustic pressures are reconstructed by virtue of two-dimensional (2D) acoustic holograms. Phase-only hologram (POH) is recently regarded as an energy-efficient way for AH, which is typically implemented by a dynamically programmable phased array of transducers (PATs). As a result, spatiotemporal precise acoustic field reconstruction is enabled by precise, dynamic, and individual actuation of PAT. Thus, 2D POH is required per arbitrary acoustic fields, which can be viewed as a physical inverse problem. However, solving the aforementioned physical inverse problem in numerical manners poses challenges due to its non-linear, high-dimensional, and complex coupling natures. The existing iterative algorithms like the iterative angular spectrum approach (IASA) and iterative backpropagation (IB) still suffer from speed-accuracy trade-offs. Hence, this paper explores a novel physics-iterative-reinforced deep learning method, in which frequency-argument contrastive learning is proposed facilitated by the inherent physical nature of AH, and the energy conservation law is under consideration. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for acoustic field reconstruction, highlighting its significant potential in the domain of acoustics, and pushing forward the combination of physics into deep learning.
Hydrodynamic and thermal behavior of tandem, staggered, and side-by-side dual cylinders
Authors: Ali Ussama , Islam Md. , Janajreh Isam , Fatt Yap Yit , Alam Md. Mahbub
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the impact of arrangement of two cylinders on their flow-induced vibrations (FIV) and heat transfer behavior at a Reynolds number of 100. Both cylinders were allowed to vibrate in two degrees of freedom (2DOF), encompassing streamwise and transverse directions. The arrangement of identical circular cylinders was varied across tandem (α = 0°), staggered (α = 30°, 45°, 60°), and side-by-side (α = 90°) configurations, at a constant center-to-center distance of 6D. The cylinders were heated at a fixed temperature to observe the forced convection heat transfer behavior under the influence of 2DOF FIV. To observe the FIV, the reduced velocity was varied from Ur = 0 (stationary cylinders) to 14. Results unveiled cylinder response sensitivity, encompassing vibration and heat transfer, with respect to reduced velocities and arrangements. Tandem arrangement exhibited the greatest vibrations for both cylinders. While lower drag was experienced in tandem for cylinder 2 (C-2), it escalated in staggered positioning. Both cylinders experienced lock-in between Ur = 6 and 8 for all arrangements, involving significant transverse vibration amplitudes. Maximum streamwise vibration reached 6.07% of the maximum transverse vibration for C-2 and 2.34% for C-1. Distinct slender “figure-8” and “oval-shaped” cylinder trajectories emerged, accompanied by diverse vorticity patterns in cylinder wakes across arrangements. For α = 60°, C-2 experienced 75.3% lower transverse vibration and 9.4% higher average Nusselt number compared to tandem setup. Overall, a pronounced correlation emerged between cylinder hydrodynamic behavior and heat transfer characteristics, evident through cylinder vibration, vortex shedding, average Nusselt number, and temperature distribution results.
Experimental and numerical study of the post-impact behavior of a water droplet impacting on a hydrophilic surface with a cylindrical cavity
Authors: Qin Zhipeng , Zhao Xiaoyao , Du Zuohao , You Hui
Published: January 2024

In this study, we couple a laboratory experiment with numerical simulations to investigate the post-impact behavior of a water droplet impacting a hydrophilic surface with a cylindrical cavity. In the experiment, we observe that either an increase in the depth of the cavity or a decrease in its diameter will promote crown formation, and the crown will be higher but narrower on a deeper or narrower cavity. Moreover, a higher impact speed leads to a larger crown. The numerical simulations of post-impact droplet behavior are in good agreement with the experimental results. More importantly, they shed light on the physics underlying the formation and development of the crown by computing the forces induced on the bottom, vertical wall, and surrounding wall of the cavity as the droplet impacts there. The simulations suggest that the cavity size and the impact speed play significant roles in determining the force profiles and thus whether a crown forms and, if so, how large it is. On the basis of the experimental and numerical results, we construct regime diagrams for the crown formation by considering the critical values of cavity size and impact speed.
Observation of rapid flux coalescence in merging field-reversed configurations
Authors: Asai T. , Seki T. , Kobayashi D. , Roche T. , Tajima T.
Published: January 2024

Rapid magnetic reconnection was experimentally observed to occur within a microsecond timescale, leading to the field-reversed configuration (FRC) comprising a single closed magnetic field structure. The compressibility of the plasma within the FRC played a crucial role in accelerating the coalescence process, making it considerably faster than the resistive process. A strong similarity between the observed experimental results and those of the coalescence of solar flare loops indicates that astrophysical phenomena and laboratory plasmas are governed by a common physics.
Theoretical study on the downshift of class II Bragg resonance
Authors: Fang Haiqi , Tang Lian , Lin Pengzhi
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a new solution for class II Bragg resonance was derived based on the multiple-scale expansion method. The proposed solution can accurately predict the reflection coefficient and effectively characterize the downshift behavior of the Bragg resonance. Subsequently, a formula that quantifies the magnitude of the wave resonance frequency is proposed. The formula's predictive ability of the frequency downshift is demonstrated through comparisons against existing analytical and numerical solutions. Furthermore, investigation of the interactions between the waves and ripples reveals the underlying mechanism of the downshift behavior, highlighting the significant influence of wave re-reflection by the doubly sinusoidal ripples. Particularly, the process where waves are initially reflected by one of the ripple components and subsequently re-interacts with their conjugates results in the downward shift from the Bragg resonance condition. Moreover, the study of the effect of ripple length on Bragg resonance demonstrated that the downshift magnitude increases up to a certain limit as the ripple length tends to infinity, and this limit is substantially affected by the ripple amplitudes. In addition, the effects of the two ripple components are examined, which reveals the existence of a threshold ratio of the second wavenumber (larger) to the first ripple wavenumber (smaller) for a specific water depth. When the ratio is smaller than the threshold value, the downshift behavior of Bragg resonance is primarily influenced by the second ripple component. Conversely, as the ratio exceeds this value, the downshift behavior is dominated by the first ripple component.
On the double-sided shock diffractions in quiescent and supersonic crossflows
Authors: Qin Yuan , Huang He-Xia , Tang Xue-Bin , Tan Hui-Jun , Li Fang-Bo
Published: January 2024

Shock diffraction is a widespread phenomenon in aerospace applications, such as shock tunnel nozzle and jet exciter exit, impacting their performance significantly. This paper focuses on the transient evolution of double-sided shock diffraction in both quiescent and supersonic crossflows by unsteady numerical simulations. The characteristics of the shock wave and the vortex are revealed. In the quiescent flow, the double-sided shock diffraction exhibits remarkable symmetry. The diffracted shock retains a self-similar nature, but its intensity distribution displays non-uniform characteristics, which gradually weakens from the center to both sides. The vortices on both sides also exhibit symmetrical behavior, with their trajectory behaving in linear tendency. When the supersonic crossflow interacts with the diffracted shock, an upward-moving separation shock and an asymmetric diffracted shock are generated. The vortices remain confined beneath the boundary layer and exhibit different shapes. Moreover, due to the rapid motion of the separation shock, the relative Mach number is introduced into the free-interaction theory (FIT) to predict the shock angle of the separation shock. The F(x¯) values corresponding to the separation point and pressure plateau are determined to be 3.04 and 4.68, respectively. The results evaluated by modified FIT show a good agreement with the values of simulation and experiment.
Modulation of the optical and transport properties of epitaxial SrNbO3 thin films by defect engineering
Authors: Kumar Shammi , Ahammad Jibril , Das Dip , Kumar Rakesh , Dhar Sankar , Johari Priya
Published: January 2024

The discovery of strontium niobate (SNO) as a potentially new transparent electrode has generated much interest due to its implications in various optoelectronic devices. Pristine SNO exhibits exceptionally low resistivity (∼10−4 Ω cm) at room temperature. However, this low resistivity occurs due to large number of carrier concentration in the system, which significantly affects its optical transparency (∼40%) in the visible range and hinders its practical applications as a transparent electrode. Here, we show that modulating the growth kinetics via oxygen manipulation is a feasible approach to achieve the desired optoelectronic properties. In particular, epitaxial (001) SNO thin films are grown on (001) lanthanum aluminate by pulsed laser deposition at different oxygen partial pressures and are shown to improve the optical transparency from 40% to 72% (λ = 550 nm) at a marginal cost of electrical resistivity from 2.8 to 8.1 × 10−4 Ω cm. These changes are directly linked with the multi-valence Nb-states, as evidenced by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the defect-engineered SNO films exhibit multiple electronic phases that include pure metallic, coexisting metal-semiconducting-like, and pure semiconducting-like phases as evidenced by low-temperature electrical transport measurements. The intriguing metal-semiconducting coexisting phase is thoroughly analyzed using both perpendicular and angle-dependent magnetoresistance measurements, further supported by a density functional theory-based first-principles study and the observed feature is explained by the quantum correction to the conductivity. Overall, this study shows an exciting avenue for altering the optical and transport properties of SNO epitaxial thin films for their practical use as a next-generation transparent electrode.
Advances toward high-accuracy operation of tunable-barrier single-hole pumps in silicon
Authors: Yamahata Gento , Fujiwara Akira
Published: January 2024

Precise and reproducible current generation is the key to realizing quantum current standards in metrology. A promising candidate is a tunable-barrier single-charge pump, which can accurately transfer single charges one by one with an error rate below the ppm level. Although several measurements have shown such levels of accuracy, it is necessary to further pursue the possibility of high-precision operation toward reproducible generation of the pumping current in many devices. Here, we investigated silicon single-hole pumps, which may have the potential to outperform single-electron pumps because of the heavy effective mass of holes. Measurements on the temperature dependence of the current generated by the single-hole pump revealed that the tunnel barrier had high energy selectivity, which is a critical parameter for high-accuracy operation. In addition, we applied the dynamic gate-compensation technique to the single-hole pump and confirmed that it yielded a further performance improvement. Finally, we demonstrated gigahertz operation of a single-hole pump in which the estimated lower bound of the pump error rate was around 0.01 ppm. These results imply that single-hole pumps in silicon are capable of high-accuracy, high-speed, and stable single-charge pumping in metrological and quantum-device applications.
Control of flow separation over an aerofoil by external acoustic excitation at a high Reynolds number
Authors: Coskun S. , Rajendran D. J. , Pachidis V. , Bacic M.
Published: January 2024

The effectiveness of acoustic excitation as a means of flow control at high Reynolds number turbulent flows is investigated numerically by using improved delayed detached eddy simulations (IDDES). Previous studies on low Reynolds number laminar flows have shown that acoustic excitation can substantially suppress flow separation for specific effective frequency and amplitude ranges. However, the effect of acoustic excitation on higher Reynolds number turbulent flow separation has not yet been explored due to limitations on appropriate fidelity computational methods or experimental facility constraints. Therefore, this paper addresses this research gap. A NACA0015 airfoil profile at 1 × 106 Reynolds number based on the airfoil chord length is used for the investigations. Acoustic excitation is applied to the baseline flow field in the form of transient boundary conditions at the computational domain inlet. A parametric study revealed that the effective sound frequency range shows a Gaussian distribution around the frequency of the dominant disturbances in the baseline flow. A maximum of ∼43% increase in lift-to-drag ratio is observed for the most effective excitation frequency F+=1.0 at a constant excitation amplitude of Am=1.8%. The effect of excitation amplitude follows an asymptotic trend with a maximum effective excitation amplitude above which the gains are not significant. A fully reattached flow is observed for the highest excitation level considered (Am=10%) that results in ∼120% rise in airfoil lift-to-drag coefficient. Overall, the findings of the current work demonstrate the higher Reynolds number effectiveness of acoustic excitation on separated turbulent flows, thereby paving the way for application in realistic flow scenarios observed in aircraft and gas turbine engine flow fields.
My life in science: Lessons for yours?
Authors: Perdew John P.
Published: January 2024

Because of an acquired obsession to understand as much as possible in a limited but important area of science and because of optimism, luck, and help from others, my life in science turned out to be much better than I or others could have expected or planned. This is the story of how that happened, and also the story of the groundstate density functional theory of electronic structure, told from a personal perspective.
Plasma density distribution and its perturbation by probes in axially symmetrical plasma
Authors: Godyak Valery , Sternberg Natalia
Published: January 2024

An analysis of plasma density distributions at arbitrary ion–atom collisionality for one-dimensional axially symmetrical cylindrical and annular plasmas is presented. Perturbations of plasma densities caused by a cylindrical probe are studied for arbitrary ion–atom collisionality. Analytical expressions for the plasma characteristics near the probe for low collisionality have been obtained. The plasma was modeled by the hydrodynamic neutral plasma equations, taking into account ionization, ion inertia, and a non-linear ion frictional force, which dominates the plasma transport at low gas pressures. Significant plasma density depletion around the probe has been observed for a wide range of ion–atom collisionality. The presented results predict underestimation of plasma density obtained from the classical Langmuir probe procedure and should provide a better understanding of electrostatic, magnetic, and microwave probes inserted into plasmas at low gas pressure.