bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creating a Textual Public Space
Authors: Veg Sebastian
Published: February 2021

The Umbrella Movement (Sept-Dec 2014) represented a watershed for
Hong Kong’s political culture and self-understanding. Based on over
1000 slogans and other textual and visual material documented during
the movement, this study provides an overview of its claims. The slogans
mobilize a diversity of cultural and historical repertoires that attest to
the hybrid quality of Hong Kong identity and underscore the diversity of
sources of political legitimacy. Finally, it is argued that by establishing
a system of contending discourses within the occupied public spaces,
the movement strived to act out a type of discursive democracy, which
represents an unfinished attempt to build a new civic culture among
Hong Kong’s younger generation.
Mass Support for the Umbrella Movement
Authors: Sing Ming
Published: February 2021

This article identifies the factors underlying the massive participation
in the Umbrella Movement. From a mass values approach, support for
democracy and trust that the Chinese government in upholding its
promises are found to be statistically significant in explaining the massive
support for the Umbrella Movement. From a performance perspective, the
perceived performance of the HKSAR government in handling China-Hong
Kong tensions, the perceived economic performance and upward social
mobility of Hong Kong, have also shaped the support of the movement.
The findings suggest the enormous challenge that faces Beijing to address
the younger generation’s aspirations of democracy and greater propensity
to join civil disobedience movements in the future.
Introduction
Authors: Ma Ngok , Cheng Edmund W.
Published: February 2021

Analysis of the 2014 Umbrella Movement speaks to three strands of
academic literature: contentious politics and space, hybrid regimes and
democratization, and social movements in China and Hong Kong. Based
mostly on fieldwork conducted during the occupation, this book brings
together 14 experts who studied the Umbrella Movement from different
theoretical perspectives with different methodologies. The studies in the
book analyze the occupation as a spontaneous and emotional contentious
action, which made good use of public space and creative passion. They
also show how civil resistance was shaped and constrained by the hybrid
regime and situate the Hong Kong movement in a broader comparative
perspective in reference to past student movements in China and protests
in Taiwan and Macau.
Conclusion
Authors: Mujica Bárbara
Published: February 2021

Personal writing such as letters tells us how individuals experienced
historical developments. The letters discussed in this book provide insight
into the psyches of particular persons involved in the Carmelite expansion,
notably María de San José, Ana de Jesús, and Ana de San Bartolomé. Not
all the convents founded by María and the two Anas survive. São Alberto
was closed in the nineteenth century, after the Portuguese civil war.
Influenced by the Enlightenment, Emperor Joseph II closed the Belgian
convents. The Antwerp community went to Lanherne in Cornwall. The
Brussels nuns migrated to Paris, arriving just before the French Revolution
abolished religious communities. Yet, many convents were reestablished
in Europe, and others were founded in the Americas.
Warriors and Colonial Wars in Muslim Philippines Since 1800
Authors: Vartavarian Mesrob
Published: February 2021

This chapter examines Muslim interactions with colonial and postcolonial
Philippine states during protracted armed conflicts. Spanish, American
and Christian Philippine state agents attempted to place Muslim peoples
into frameworks that fit their respective colonial imaginaries. On encountering
resistance, these imaginaries were set in motion and modified in
ways that allowed Muslim elites and subalterns to obtain the resources
necessary to advance their particular interests. Rather than viewing
colonial wars in the Muslim zone as a continuous process of conquest
and resistance, I shall show how different Muslim groups attempted to
manoeuvre onto the right side of colonial violence. This chapter also
places Philippine Muslim war bands in a comparative global context,
drawing analogies with nineteenth-century raider polities in the American
Southwest, the ‘martial races’ of British India, Palestinian resistance to
Zionist settlement and warlord politics in contemporary Afghanistan.
Afterword
Authors: McLelland Nicola
Published: February 2021

In this Afterword, McLelland reflects on themes emerging from the studies in this volume on the history of teaching grammar to language learners, including changing definitions, methods, and, importantly, ideologies.
Early Modern Spaces in Motion
Authors: Skelton Kimberley , Anderson Jocelyn , Bensoussan Nicole , Campbell James , Henry Chriscinda , Jakovac Gasper , Schmidt Freek , Thomas Edmund
Published: February 2021

Stretching back to antiquity, motion had been a key means of designing and describing the physical environment. But during the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries, individuals across Europe increasingly designed, experienced, and described a new world of motion: one characterized by continuous, rather than segmented, movement. New spaces that included vistas along house interiors and uninterrupted library reading rooms offered open expanses for shaping sequences of social behaviour, scientists observed how the Earth rotated around the sun, and philosophers attributed emotions to neural vibrations in the human brain. Early Modern Spaces in Motion examines this increased emphasis on motion with eight essays encompassing a geographical span of Portugal to German-speaking lands and a disciplinary range from architectural history to English. It consequently merges longstanding strands of analysis considering people in motion and buildings in motion to explore the cultural historical attitudes underpinning the varied impacts of motion in early modern Europe.
The Catholic Country House in Early
Modern England : Motion, Piety and
Hospitality, c. 1580–1640
Authors: Jakovac Gašper
Published: February 2021

The survival of a Roman Catholic minority in post-Reformation England did not
depend merely upon social separation and isolation. By analysing missionary
activities and patterns of hospitality at St Anthony’s Hall in Northumberland and
Naworth Castle in Cumberland, I demonstrate how regulation of human motion
in respective households shaped and displayed the social behaviour of their
owners. I argue that religion was as much a driving force behind the seclusion of
the Catholic home as an incentive for its accessibility. The permeability of Catholic
houses and social integration of Catholics was encouraged through missionary
mobility, indiscriminate charity, and Christmas hospitality. Examining human
motion in Catholic houses further challenges the notion of the English Catholic
community as an introverted social group.
Sensory Vibrations and Social Reform at
San Michele a Ripa in Rome
Authors: Skelton Kimberley
Published: February 2021

From the mid-seventeenth century, philosophical arguments about human
responses to the physical environment challenged a basic tenet of prison design
and administration: that prisoners could use reason to apply religious instruction
towards reconsidering their criminal ways. Mechanistic philosophers asserted that
humans reacted physically and psychologically on impulse to neural vibrations
that were produced by sensory stimuli in their environment and that traversed
their bodies and brains. Correspondingly, prison designers and administrators
recrafted prisons into reform environments that used sensory cues to choreograph
human physical and psychological processes and, in turn, reshape social behavior.
This essay examines the early stages of such new prison design by turning to
Rome, especially Carlo Fontana’s Casa di Correzione for juvenile delinquents.
The Rise of the Staircase : Motion in
Eighteenth-Century Dutch Domestic
Architecture
Authors: Schmidt Freek
Published: February 2021

In the eighteenth-century homes of the Dutch elite, the indispensable but inconspicuous
device of the stairs developed into a monumental, designed centrepiece of
the house. This contribution considers the new open-well staircase in the broader
context of the growing demand for social space, a recurring interest in French
(court) culture and fashion, and a specific interest among the Dutch elite in graceful
movement of the civilized human body. A closer study of architectural model
books, etiquette manuals, and reflections on cultured behavior, style, elegance,
and physical movement helps to explain the rise of this space-consuming element
in eighteenth-century houses in the Netherlands and Amsterdam in particular.
Visigothic Currency: Recent Developments and Data for Its Study
Authors: Pliego Ruth
Published: February 2021

Ten years after the publication of La moneda visigoda (2009), it is now possible to retrospectively analyse its data and present new developments that have taken place. The corpus has expanded with isolated archaeological findings, besides the new monetary treasure from Toledo and the detailed study of the treasure of Seville. The vast material mobilized by the numismatic market and the opportunity to view specimens in private collections are also highly important. All this is likely to substantially shift the panorama on Visigoth coinage: the number of known pieces, the issuing workshops and, moreover, the chronology of certain emissions. This chapter provides a full update of our current knowledge of Visigoth currency, including statistical data to facilitate projects of other disciplines.
Adam Easton’s Manuscripts
Authors: Zutshi Patrick
Published: February 2021

After a brief introduction, this article provides descriptions of the eight
extant Latin manuscripts which are known to have been in the possession
of Adam Easton, as well as one manuscript where his ownership is
questionable. The manuscripts passed to Norwich Cathedral Priory and
are now divided between Cambridge University Library; Corpus Christi
College, Cambridge; Balliol College, Oxford; the Bodleian Library; and
the Bibliothèque Municipale, Avignon.
Documentary as Contemporary Art – A Dialogue
Authors: Bing Wang , Chateau Dominique , Moure José
Published: February 2021

Wang Bing can be considered one of the greatest representatives of
contemporary Chinese cinema. A meeting between him, Dominique
Chateau and José Moure at a Master Class, as part of a series of Interface
meetings at the Panthéon-Sorbonne University, Paris I in 2019, led to the
idea of this present dialogue. Here, Wang (whose films are off the beaten
track in many ways) clarifies his connection to various issues raised by
post-cinema, in particular, the consequences of technological changes
with regard to film creation and distribution and evolution in the aesthetic
conception of cinema.
Epilogue: The call of Calypso
Authors: Segers Mathieu
Published: February 2021

From the early days of European integration, Dutch policymakers and politicians alike have felt that the process has produced Faustian bargains for the Netherlands. As it dragged on, they learned to choose neglect over public debate and economic profit over discussing the existential political dilemmas it engendered. This saddled the Netherlands’ history in post-war Europe with numerous sub-narratives of deception and selfdeception. These narratives have been hidden from sight or have remained undiscovered, yet it is precisely through them that we can understand better why the Netherlands approached the integration of Europe as it did. They unveil peculiar consistencies in the Dutch experience with Europe, which in a certain way mirror the classical myth of Odysseus being held captive by Calypso.
The Reformed Augustinians of Lower Germany and the Dynamics of the Early Reformation
Authors: Christman Robert
Published: February 2021

After summarizing the evidence that the events in Lower Germany were a watershed in the early Reformation, this chapter turns to an analysis of how the story of Reformed Augustinians deepens our understanding of the dynamics of the early Reformation. It demonstrates how ideas were passed via Augustinian networks, and the strategic element to their dissemination. It also indicates that impulses from Lower Germany influenced Luther, raising fundamental questions about a simplistic model of the Reformation that places Wittenberg at its centre and understands Martin Luther as its sage. Finally, the chapter shows the importance of the Augustinian context, not only for its impact on Luther’s theology, but for its institutional and administrative structures, and how they facilitated the early Reformation.
Primal Screens
Authors: Casetti Francesco
Published: February 2021

In a polemical stance against current media archaeologies, Francesco Casetti re-reads what film theories consider ‘proto-screens’—respectively Athena’s shield, which Perseus converted to a tool of warfare; Boutades’s wall, on which his daughter fixed her lover’s shadow; and Alberti’s window, which the artist transforms into a perspectival matrix. While these narratives are just that—narratives—they reveal many of our present-day assumptions and priorities. In particular, they uncover how screens do not exist as such. A screen becomes a screen thanks to an assemblage of elements and within a set of operations in which it can perform specific functions. Furthermore, screens are not only optical devices; they are environmental media. The dispositives illustrated by the three narratives heavily imply space: while exploiting environmental components, they address hands, legs, distances, and alignments as much as they move eyes and sights.
Sensing Screens: From Surface to Situation
Authors: Verhoeff Nanna
Published: February 2021

Nanna Verhoeff considers recent screen-based public art installations that extend from their architectural site into surrounding urban space in order to engage techniques of ‘remote sensing’, interactivity, and public display. In these installations, Verhoeff identifies a genre of artwork that aims to raise awareness of urban social issues by visualizing and making ‘present’ otherwise invisible crises relating to the meeting of the social and the environmental. These installations compel one to look past the surface of the screen to its surrounding situation. Verhoeff thus reorients cinematic concepts of the dispositif towards a broader spectatorial territory, which she identifies by its building-scaled interfaces that reach beyond their location to remake, create, and influence the physical context by sensibly linking it to other, more distant spaces.
Flat Bayreuth: A Genealogy of Opera as Screened
Authors: Kreuzer Gundula
Published: February 2021

Gundula Kreuzer challenges common assumptions about the ‘screenification’ of contemporary opera productions by reconsidering historical screening techniques within staged opera. Beginning with the Baroque picture-frame stage, she highlights how a desire for visual illusion on stage came into conflict with the increasingly complicated array of equipment, scenery, and props required to produce such elaborate scenes. Retracing strategies tested out at Wagner’s Festspielhaus at Bayreuth, she argues that the theatre’s curtain line came to imply an invisible screen with the capacity to organize the various media on the deep stage into a unified whole, a perception fostered by the visual and acoustic environment of the auditorium. Rather than a part of the telos of modernist painting, she highlights this flattened planar format as the outcome of technical and aesthetic conflict, whose legacy proves highly relevant to contemporary experiments with operatic staging.
Conclusion: A Skill Perspective on Migration
Authors: Kaufmann Lena
Published: February 2021

This concluding chapter discusses four advantages of investigating migration
settings from a socio-technical skill perspective. First, it provides an
understanding of a particular form of peasant agency that is commonly
overlooked. Second, focusing on skill allows us to better understand
farmers’ decision-making. Third, it provides new insights into technology
and Chinese modernity. Finally, it contributes to understanding migration
beyond the common dichotomies such as between people and things, or
migrants and those left behind. It concludes that even those who move
to the cities remain part of their village communities of practice. They
maintain their ties to the land through the ongoing management of their
paddy fields – whether hands-on in person or at a distance using other
household farming strategies.
Cátedra de Realidad Nacional. Coyuntura actual de las pandillas
Authors: Aguilar Jeannette
Published: February 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 67, No. 731, 2012: 481-487.
Río+20. ¿Qué ha sucedido en estos 20 años?
Authors: Hernández Xiomara
Published: February 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 67, No. 731, 2012: 525-537.
¿Por qué es tan complicado implantar el archivo electrónico en las administraciones públicas españolas?
Authors: Martínez García Luis
Published: February 2021

La implantación en España del archivo electrónico está sufriendo grandes retrasos a pesar del interés profesional. Las causas son varias y diversas, algunas de ellas son de índole estructural y tienen mucho que ver con la crisis económica, con la cultura administrativa española y con el envejecimiento de los empleados públicos. Otras son debidas a la situación de los archivos en nuestras organizaciones, a la inexperiencia de los profesionales en el tratamiento de los documentos electrónicos y a la ambigüedad de los modelos de archivo electrónico propuestos por las normas legales. En este artículo se intenta describir estas causas y mostrar su impacto entre los archiveros y archiveras españoles.

Despite the professional interest, the implement of the electronic archives in Spain is suffering great delays. The causes are various and diverse. Some of them are structural in nature and they have a lot to do with the economic crisis, with the Spanish administrative culture and with the aging of public employees. Others are specific to the archives situation in the organizations, to the professional inexperience in the management of electronic documents and to the vagueness of the electronic archives conceptions proposed by legal regulations. This paper intends to describe these causes and to reveal their impact among the Spanish archivists.
«Quiddam divinum»
Authors: Valacchi Federico
Published: February 2021

Hoy en día, reflexionar sobre los archivos significa tener la capacidad de evaluarlos incluso fuera de una dimensión exclusivamente histórico-cultural. Es precisamente para defender el valor de la memoria histórica que representan los archivos en su complejidad que hace falta identificar estrategias que hagan a los archivos mismos menos obsoletos, por así decirlo. El artículo se centra en los problemas de la aplicación del método histórico a las producciones documentales, enfatizando la necesidad de una comparación constante entre el método y el presente.

Reflecting on archives today means having the ability to evaluate them even outside a purely historical cultural dimension. Precisely to defend the value of historical memory that archives in their complexity represent, it is necessary to identify strategies that make the archives less obsolete. The article focuses on the problems of applying the historical method to archives, underlining the need for a constant comparison between the method and the present.
Valoración de archivos, calendarios de conservación y metadatos en las páginas web
Authors: Schenkolewski-Kroll Silvia
Published: February 2021

El propósito de esta investigación es crear metodologías y procedimientos para conservar y destruir documentos procedentes del sitio web a tratar o bien utilizar procedimientos conforme al reglamento de la Ley de Archivos de Israel. Para ello se analizó la estructura de la web y el contenido de tres secciones, llegando a la conclusión de que dada la diversidad del contenido y de las funciones, la valoración debe hacerse a nivel de sección o subsección. Siendo el carácter del sitio web mayoritariamente informativo, utilizamos Google Analytics para analizar el comportamiento de los usuarios y su influencia a la hora de valorar una sección determinada. Los metadatos que acompañan este proceso en todas sus fases proceden de cuatro sistemas diferentes. El resultado es una tabla que comprende todos los elementos y el proceso completo desde la creación de la sección o subsección hasta su depósito o destrucción.

The purpose of this study is to create methodologies and procedures to maintain or destruct records from the site under discussion, or to use procedures in accordance with the regulations of the Israel Archives Law. To this purpose three sections were examined, the conclusion being that because of the diversity of the content and functions, the assessment must be made at the level of a section or sub-section. Because the site is mostly informative, Google Analytics was used to analyze user behavior and its impact on a particular section’s appraisal. The metadata that accompanies this process in all its aspects, originates in four different methods. The result is a table that includes all the elements and the complete process from the creation of the section or subsection until its deposit or destruction.
EFEKTÍVNE RIADENIE STAVEBNÉHO PROJEKTU
Authors: Trojanová Mária , Noga Martin
Published: February 2021

Problematika efektívneho riadenia stavebného projektu zhotoviteľom, patrí v stavebníctve k špecifickým prioritám každej stavebnej spoločnosti. Na efektívne riadenie osobitne prípravy a realizácie výstavbov.ho procesu vplýva celý rad faktorov, z ktorých treba rozhodujúce identifikovať a na základe ich dôslednej analýzy, zvýšiť ich pozitívne účinky na zvýšenie výnosovej a finančnej sily stavebnej spoločnosti. Práve táto požiadavka by mala byť jadrom zamerania pozornosti manažmentu stavebnej spoločnosti, manažmentu stavby automatizovať riadiace procesy stavebného projektu zhotoviteľom s využívaním informačného systému riadenia. Automatizácia riadiacich procesov sa stane prínosom v oblastiach podrobnejšieho vykazovania ziskovosti zákazky, podrobných analýz predikovaných nákladov a výnosov v porovnaní so skutočnými.
OVLIVNĚNÍ FYZIKÁLNÍCH FAKTORŮ MIKROVLNNÝM ZÁŘENÍM
Authors: Procházka Martin , Sobotka Jindřich
Published: February 2021

Vysoušení stavebních konstrukcí pomocí vysokofrekvenčního elektromagnetického záření (EMW), neboli mikrovlnné technologie (MW), se začíná v praxi stále více uplatňovat. Jedná se o metodu, pomocí které lze nejrychlejším způsobem eliminovat nežádoucí obsah vody ve stavební konstrukci (stěna, stropní konstrukce, atd.). Mikrovlnami je nazývána část elektromagnetického záření o frekvenci 300 MHz až 300 GHz s vlnovou délkou 122 mm. Díky působení MW záření se zobrazí rozdílná homogenita teplotního pole u různých stavebních materiálů. Článek pojednává o změnách fyzikálních faktorů v závislosti na objemu vody a tím i na velikosti hmotnostní vlhkosti daného materiálu (plynosilikát). Dalším z faktorů bude šíření teplotního pole. Šíření bude zobrazováno pomocí termokamery. Měření probíhalo vždy po určitých časových cyklech ozařování.
METÓDY PRÍSTUPU PRI NAVRHOVANÍ NOVÝCH VEREJNÝCH PRIESTOROV VO VIDIECKYCH SÍDLACH - PRÍPADOVÁ ŠTÚDIA BERNOLÁKOVO
Authors: Štefancová Lucia
Published: February 2021

Článok sa zaoberá rôznymi metódami prístupu pri navrhovaní nových verejných priestorov vo vidieckych sídlach. Pomocou prípadovej štúdie Bernolákova - lokality „Nová lúka“ sú na 4 odlišných návrhoch prezentované idey vnímania verejných priestorov. Nové verejné priestory sú odlišné podľa vplyvu, aký bude mať nová zóna na celé Bernolákovo. Návrhy sú urbanisticky tzv. odstupňované od vytvárania monofunkčnej obytnej zóny, cez rekreačnú zónu Bernolákova, až po návrhy nového centra/subcentra obce. Záver je doplnený o štatistický prieskum zameraný na očakávania od novej zóny medzi súčasnými obyvateľmi Bernolákova a Bratislavčanmi, ktorí by sa do novej zóny perspektívne prisťahovali.
DIAGNOSTIKA BIOKOROZÍVNYCH NAPADNUTÍ PRVKOV STAVEBNÝCH KONŠTRUKCIÍ
Authors: Terpáková Eva
Published: February 2021

Výskyt porúch v stavebníctve, či už staršich alebo novších budov, môže mať viacero príčin, môže to byť spôsobené zlým návrhom, nesprávnou realizáciou, kvalitou použitého materiálu a tiež zanedbanou údržbou. Zvláštne problémy sú spojené s výskytom kolóniami baktérii, húb, plesní a iných mikroorganizmov, žijúcich na povrchu niektorých konštrukčných prvkov a častí objektov. Práca je zameraná na diagnostiku degradačných procesov, ktoré sa pozorovali na vybranom rodinnom dome. Biologické znehodnotenie stavebných materiálov a častí stavby je v dnešnej dobe veľmi aktuálny problém, pretože degradácia pr.rodných a syntetických stavebných materiálov je úplne prirodzený a nezvratný proces, v ktorom sa významne podieľajú nielen abiotické korozívne látky, ale aj vyššie uvedené faktory. Výber diagnostických postupov a metodík na posúdenia degradácie preto zohráva
IMPULZY PRE PRÍŤAŽLIVÉ PÓLY STRETNUTIA
Authors: Bašová Silvia
Published: February 2021

Podnety pre stretnutia V priestore mesta sú veľmi dôležité faktory v procese navrhovania verejných priestranstiev. Sociálne impulzy pre vytváranie verejných priestranstiev podľa sociálnej štruktúry (spoločných priestorov pre deti a mládež, miest pre seniorov a miest pre každého) musia byť prijaté a integrované od designérov, architektov aj urbanistov. Význam kultúrnych impulzov je dôležitý pre interaktivitu kultúrnych aktivít a lokálnej participácie obyvateľov v oblasti umenia. Návštevníci vyhľadávajú možnosť atraktívneho zažívania priestoru, vitálne funkcie v parteri, priamu účasť na spoločenskom živote v exteriéri, stretnutia, oddych, relax, účasť na scéne deja na námestiach, tranzit námestím. Je dôležité poskytnúť komplexné využitie námestí a parkov ako multifunkčnú destináciu v súčasných mestách.
NEDESTRUKTIVNÍ ZKOUŠENÍ STŘÍKANÉHO BETONU
Authors: Kopecký Lukáš
Published: February 2021

Stříkané betony jsou v současné době používány stále častěji zejména na menších stavbách v pozemním stavitelství, kde je stříkaný beton aplikován ručním způsobem nástřiku. Kvalita takových konstrukcí nebývá příliš často kontrolována a to především díky náročnosti provedení běžně používaných destruktivních zkoušek. Pro popis kvality betonových konstrukcí lze však využít i nedestruktivních zkušebních metod založených na rychlosti průchodu ultrazvukového impulsu konstrukcí. Provedený experiment zaměřený na ověření vhodnosti jednotlivých metod ultrazvukového prozvučování zkušební desky a jádrových vývrtů z ní vyrobených ukázal, že nejlepší shody výsledků pro popis homogenity dosáhneme při použití metody nepřímého prozvučování zkušební desky a přímého prozvučování jádrových vývrtů. Provedení ověření kvality stříkaného betonu pomocí přímého či polopřímého ultrazvukového prozvučování je však v praxi obtížné a proto předložený článek navrhuje řešení.
Study of students' mental images effect on learning chemistry
Authors: Mirzaie Rasol Abdullah , Shahmohammadi Masoumeh , Kouhi Amrollah
Published: February 2021

It is clear that use of images has effect on teaching the chemistry concepts. In classrooms, some examples which are used for simplifying and understanding the material better are in macroscopic dimension and students do not understand particles such as atoms, molecules and ions well. In order to help them understand these concepts in macroscopic dimension, illustration is used. In illustration, students can reflect different concepts of chemistry which have learnt during teaching. One of the illustration methods is to use painting art, as one can determine the extent to which they have understood from chemistry concepts and relationship among different areas of the sciences, society and technology by studying paintings of these students. The Aim of this research is to determine through their paintings whether students have understood the taught concepts in chemistry of the first grade of high school in IRAN or not. These chemistry subjects include water, atmosphere, minerals and fuel. After teaching the above topics, the students were asked to select a subject at their will and paint about it. This research has been performed in two separate cities in IRAN but it has been implemented in equal age groups and it was specified that different places of residence had effects on selection of painting subject. Our experience showed that use of this method led to deep learning in the students and provided the opportunity for them to express their beliefs in scientific concepts in their own way and language. On the other hand, teacher performs a kind of continual evaluation in this way and understands students’ misconceptions and tries to remove these errors before beginning new subject. This method is interesting for students so that most of them mentioned that painting the chemistry was new and interesting experience.
Understanding Levels of Prospective Science Teachers on the Nature of Science
Authors: Yaman Suleyman , Nuhoglu Hasret
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study is to determine whether the understandings levels of prospective science teachers on the nature of science are dependent on differences in grade level and gender. This study utilizes VOSTS scale, which was developed by Aikenhead and Ryan, and adapted by Chan in order to determine viewpoints of prospective teachers on the nature of science. Eighteen multiple-choice questions from this scale were translated and adapted into Turkish from English by researchers, who also conducted a preliminary work on the validity and reliability of the scale. The adapted scale was applied to 80 prospective science teachers, who were not included in the sample of this study and the reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.81. Then the scale is applied to 201 prospective teachers who are enrolled in the science education program. The statistical analysis of the results demonstrated that while views of the prospective science teachers on nature of science are not significantly correlated with differences in grade level and gender, there were significant variations among these views. In this study, it was determined that prospective teachers had certain misconceptions on nature of science with respect to specific issues including hierarchical relationships between concepts of hypothesis, theory, law, and universal scientific method; that they relied predominantly on positivist paradigm; and that they espoused the traditional approach to science in understanding and interpreting nature of science.
Science Teachers’ Perspectives on Science-Technology-Society (STS) in Science Education
Authors: Mansour Nasser
Published: February 2021

Research supports the idea that teachers are crucial change agents in educational reform and that teachers’ beliefs are precursors to change. This study investigates Egyptian science teachers’ beliefs about teaching and learning science through Science Technology and Society STS education. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The findings of this study suggest that the Egyptian science teachers hold mixed beliefs (constructivist and traditional) concerning science education goals, their roles and their students’ roles within teaching and learning science through STS and concerning teaching/learning science through STS. The findings shed light on the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and their practises. Lastly, the study revealed a number of factors that caused inconsistency between teachers’ beliefs and their practices.
PEMBUATAN SEDIAAN OLES EKSTRAK KENTAL DAUN BINAHONG (Anrederacordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) DAN MADU SEBAGAI PERAWATAN LUKA LUAR
Authors: Herawati Desri , Putra Risa Kota , Farhan Farhan
Published: February 2021

Backgroud: All parts of the Binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) from the roots, tubers, stems, leaves and flowers are very effective for herbal therapy. Especially of the leaves Binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) can used to treatment of open wounds.The aim: This study aims to provide from pharmacetical stock to traditional herb that can be used to prevent a disease and to improve health by community by society.
Method: This research is descriptive method developed from the previous research studied about the efficacy of Binahong leaves (Bassela rubra linn, or Heartleaf maderavine madevine) for curing wound on skin. In this study, the researcher provide pharmacetical stock of Binahong leaves in condensed extract form mixed with honey as wound treatment on skin. The process of pharmacetical stock used soxhlet method, extraction with organic solvents is done repeatedly and keeping constant the amount of solvent, and calculate the yield for three days. The solution used in this process is Ethanol 96% with 500 cc. The solution extract got from this process is 400 cc with yield 24.29%. The making of pharmacetical stock was done by adding 28 cc honey to 12.145 gr condenced extract. Then, the mixture is polished. Next process, the pharmacetical stocks are divided into four pot with each pot is 15 gr. The content of the pharmacetical stock of each pot is 2,46 gr condenced extract of the Binahong leaves and 7.7 cc honey.
Result: Organoleptic test is done for three week. The result is there is no negative change happened viewed by form, colour, odour, and tastes and mushroom growt as well.
Conclusion: The research successfuly made the pharmacetical stock in condenced extract with expire date for three week.
PEMBUATAN SEDIAAN MINYAK GOSOK DARI BAHAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.), SERAI (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) dan DAUN DEWA (Gynura segetum L.) dengan METODE PENGENDAPAN TRADISIONAL
Authors: Tanka Rickson , Andriani Susi , Helmiawati Yusi
Published: February 2021

Backgroud: Plant is a biodiversity that all around us, whether it was growing wild and cultivated intentionally. Herbs have been used as a medicinal plant, although its use spread by generations.
The aim: This research aim to provide the herbs that can be used by the community for the treatment of colds.
Method: This research is a descriptive study developed by the community for generations, conducted interviews to the public regarding the efficacy of purecoconut oil (virgin coconut oil) with a mixture of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) and god leaf (Gynura segetum L.) for currycomb. In this reasearchmade preparations ointment of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) which become extract virgin coconut oil with lemongrass and god leaf as currycomb through thedeposition process for four days using water-soluble. Ointments made with the coconut two kilograms of shredded added to water as much as one liter of twotimes juice, in the can of coconut milk as much as 1800 ml and filtered coconut milk, settling for three days to produce virgin coconut oil 200 cc, pure coconut oil (VCO) add lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) of 20 grams and leaves god (Gynura segetum L.) 20 grams chopped settling for one day then filtered andgenerate ointment five bottles with each weight 20 cc.
Result: Results showing test organoleptic dosage for three weeks are not changes the shape, color, taste and smell of mold growth.
Conclusion: Research is successful prepare an ointment hold for three weeks.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK SUBJEK, ASUPAN ZAT GIZI, DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KEKUATAN OTOT ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DI KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA
Authors: Lisnawati Naintina , Haryanto Irwan
Published: February 2021

Background: Muscle strength is very important to do activities, not exception for school-aged children. It’s influenced by characteristics of the subject, nutrient intake, and physical activity.
Objective: To analyze the correlation between subject’s characteristic, nutrient intake, and physical activity with muscle strength of school-age children in Purwakarta Regency.
Method: This study used cross sectional design. Subjects of the study were the students of Junior High School 5 Purwakarta which amounted to 44 people. Muscle strength was measured using a Hand Dynamometer, lean body mass (LBM) using Bio Impedance Analysis (BIA), nutritional intake using a 2x24 hour Food Recall Form, and physical activity using a 24-hour Physical Activity Recall Form. Data analysis using Pearson Product Moment and Mann-Whitney Test.
Result: Most of subjects' physical activity was mild (75%). There is no correlation between age (p = 0,228); gender (p = 0,102); LBM (p = 0.350); total energy (p = 0.770); carbohydrate intake (p = 0.968); protein (p = 0.663); sodium (p = 0.890); potassium (p = 0.737); calcium (p = 0.768); magnesium (p = 0,800); and physical activity (p = 0,682) with muscle strength of subjects.
Conclusion: There is no correlation between subject’s characteristics, nutrient intake, and physical activity with muscle strength.
UJI STABILITAS FISIK SECARA ORGANOLEPTIS PEMBUATAN SEDIAAN MINYAK GOSOK DARI BAHAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.), SERAI (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) DAN DAUN JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia)
Authors: Andriani Susi , Sulisiyanti Ebih
Published: February 2021

Background: Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) from pure coconut oil is now widely used by the community as a liniment, mixing VCO as an abrasive oil with the addition of lemongrass and lime leaves can add to its usefulness and usefulness.
Objective: This study aims to see the stability of scrub oil after 4, 6 and 8 weeks in sealed containers as well as to provide practical preparations of natural materials that can be used by people with easy, cheap and practical manufacturing techniques.
Methods: This is a descriptive study that has been used for generations. The preparation is carried out through a four-day deposition process using a water solvent. Rubbing oil is made with one kilogram of coconut which is shredded and added one liter of water for two squids, the coconut milk is obtained 1000ml and the filter is filtered, the filter for three days produces 400ml of pure coconut oil, after the pure coconut oil (VCO) added lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus DC.) as much as 25gram and lime leaves (Citrus aurantifolia.) 25grams that have been cut into pieces for one day then filtered and yielded a rubbing oil made 3 bottles with each weight 100ml.
Result: The organoleptic test of the preparation was carried out for 4, 6 and 8 weeks with the result showing that there was no fungal growth and physical changes that occurred physically from the color, flavor, and consistency shape, while for the odor of the rubbing oil had decreased the smell of lemongrass and orange nipis. It can be said that within 8 weeks the rubbing oil can be used safely.
Conclusion: The preparation of abrasive oil as a treatment of skin health by organoleptic testing for 8 weeks can be used safely.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI GEL EKSTRAK DAUN PETAI (Parkia SpeciosaHassk.) TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUSAUREUS
Authors: Nafi’ah Rahma , Haryati Etty , Tamara Neneng Cahya
Published: February 2021

Background: Petai leaf (Parkia Speciosa Hassk) contains flavonoids and terpenoids that are suspected of having antibacterial activity. KHM values ??were tested at 2.5% extract concentration, 5.0% and 7.5%. From the results of KHM values ??obtained then developed formulations using gel base HPMC, Karbopol and Gom Arab.
Objective: To find out the value of KHM from petai leaf extract (Parkia Speciosa Hassk) and gel base which has the best and stable antibacterial activity value to storage condition.
Methods: This research method using a kind of experimental research. The test results were analyzed using a statistical calculation method Analysis Of variance (ANOVA) one line and then proceed with the t-test method.
Result: The results showed that parkia speciosa leaf extract contains compounds terpenoid and flavonoid, and have antibacterial activity, MIC parkia speciosa leaf extract 2,5%, all gel formulation has antibacterial activity. The carbopol base gel has the most excellent antibacterial activity. All gel formulation is stable at a temperature of 25oC, less stable at a temperature of  0oC and 40oC .
Conclusion: At 2.5% concentration, petai leaf extract already has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS SALEP EKSTRAK HERBA PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) TERHADAP LUKA BEDAH PADA TIKUS
Authors: Zuniarto Ahmad Azrul , Fauzia Rizki Rahmah
Published: February 2021

Background: Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) has been studied that has good wound healing activity in surgical wound with stimulating collagen synthesis, increasing collagen secretion, stimulating fibroblast proliferation, antibacterial activity and antioxidants.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Pegagan herb extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) in healing of surgical wound in male white rat and to determine the concentration of Pegagan herb extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) which is most effective against wound healing surgery in male white rat.
Method: The method used experimental study. The experimental animals were divided into 5 groups, which are group X1 was the test group with Pegagan herb extract concentration of 2,5%, group X2 was the test group with Pegagan herb extract concentration of 5%, group X3 was the test group with Pegagan herb extract concentration of 10%, group K (+) was the test group with positive control, and group K (-) was the test group with negative control.
Results: The results showed that the ointment of Pegagan extract with concentrations of 5% and 10% could heal the wound better than the positive control. Oinment of Pegagan extract with concentration of 2,5% had not significant difference compared with positive control (povidone iodine).
Conclusion: Administration of oinment of Pegagan herb extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) with concentration of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% were effective in healing of surgical wound in male white rat.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK IBU DENGAN STATUS GIZI KURANG PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS PASAWAHAN KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA 2017
Authors: Widiya Ika , Yani Ahmad , Aminarista Aminarista
Published: February 2021

Background: Nutrition is one of important factors to determine the quality of human resources. Undernourish of the child is disrupted of  growth and development,such as protein energy deficiency (PED). The prevalence of underweight children at Pasawahan districh in 2017 is 2,8% from 3669 toddler.
Objective: This study aims to know the correlation between mother characteristic and undernourish on toddler at Pusesmas Pasawahan in 2017.
Method: This study used observasional research by using cross sectional approach. The sampels of this study were toddler in area of PHC Pasawahan Purwakarta. Sampling used stratifies random sampling method. Data collection using questionnaire and used Chi Square and Fisher’s exact test for analysis.
Result: The Study shows that there are no correlation between mother age (p=1,000), mother education background (p=0,409), mother knowledge (p=0,309), number of children (p=0,393), and correlation between family income and undernourish status of toddler (p=0,039).
Conclusion: There is no correlation between mother age, mother education background, mother knowledge, and number of undernourish toddler. The correlation between family income and undernourish status of toddler.
PEMBUATAN DAN UJI ORGANOLEPTIK SEDIAAN SERBUK INSTAN DAUN KATUK ( Sauropus androgynus-(L) Merr ) DAN TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb)
Authors: Muhammad Gunawan , Djamaluddin Agus , Farhan Farhan
Published: February 2021

Latar Belakang: Air Susu Ibu (ASI) merupakan makanan sumber protein yang baik untuk bayi namun beberapa ibu menyusui pengeluaran ASI terlambat sehingga tidak lancar. Diketahui secara empiris daun katuk dan temulawak dapat meningkatkan produksi ASI. Maka dibuatlah sediaan serbuk instan dari daun katuk dan temulawak.

Tujuan Penelitian: Membuat dan menentukan formulasi sediaan serbuk instan dari daun katuk dan temulawak yang dilakukan dengan cara uji organoleptik.

Metode: Penelitian tindakan berupa perlakuan tunggal disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan tunggal adalah dosis gula yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu G1 = penambahan gula 150 gram/liter, G2 = penambahan gula 200 gram/liter, G3 = penambahan 250 gram/liter, dan G4 = penambahan gula 300 gram/liter.

Hasil: Dalam pengujian organoleptik semua sediaan dapat bertahan selama tiga minggu kemudian dari ke empat sampel terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan sampel G1, G2, G3, G4 pada segi warna, rasa, serta jumlah yang di hasilkan pada saat pembuatan.

Simpulan: Penambahan gula pada setiap sampel mempengaruhi bentuk sediaan berupa warna yang berbeda rasa yang berbeda serta jumlah sediaan yang di hasilkan tiap sampel juga berbeda.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KINERJA LEMBAGA KESEHATAN PADA SEKTOR PELAYANAN PENGOBATAN TRADISIONAL DI KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA
Authors: Putra Risa Kota , Ratnasari Dewi , Septiwi Rizki Eka
Published: February 2021

Latar Belakang: Indonesia memiliki beragam warisan pengobatan tradisional yang potensial untuk dikembangkan, ironinya pasar Indonesia dibanjiri oleh pengobatan tradisional impor asal berbagai negara dari daratan Asia, terutama dari Cina dan India. Pemerintah di bidang regulasi telah cukup memberi landasan hukum, kepastian hukum, pelindungan hukum, peningkatan mutu, keamanan, dan kemanfaatan bagi pelayanan kesehatan tradisional empiris dan pelayanan kesehatan tradisional komplementer. Namun kenyataan implementasinya di kabupaten/kota belum kunjung dirasakan keberpihakan dari lembaga kesehatan terhadap pengobatan tradisional Indonesia tersebut, khususnya di Kabupaten Purwakarta.

Tujuan Penelitian: Mengeksplorasi persepsi masyarakat terkait dengan kinerja lembaga kesehatan di bidang pengobatan tradisional berdasarkan keberagaman jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, profesi kesehatan/non-kesehatan dan  usia responden.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksplanatif asosiatif yang bersifat kualitatif terhadap masyarakat yang terhubung dengan sarana pelayanan kesehatan. Subjek penelitian adalah masyarakat Kabupaten Purwakarta Propinsi Jawa Barat yang berjumlah 137 orang. Pemilihan dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode conditional sampling, yang dianalisis menurut skala Ridwan (2009). Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan kinerja lembaga kesehatan di Kabupaten Purwakarta secara eksplanatif asosiatif dipersepsikan lemah pada sektor pengobatan tradisional dengan skore paling tinggi (kuat: 70,35% atau kumulatif 78%) pada skala Ridwan (2009) oleh responden wanita berusia dari 40 tahun keatas, pendidikan tidak pernah kuliah, dan berprofesi non-kesehatan, jika dibandingkan terhadap responden dengan kriteria lainnya.

Simpulan: Semua kelompok responden mempersepsikan dengan skore kuat pada skala Ridwan-2009 (62,5% atau kumulatif 74,0%) yaitu lemahnya kinerja lembaga kesehatan berdasarkan pada semua variabel yang dinilai secara eksplanatif asosiatif yang mencakup ketidakberpihakan, kelangkaan pendidikan tinggi dan riset, belum terstandarisasi dan pembinaan yang lemah pada sektor pengobatan tradisional di Kabupaten Purwakarta.