bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kalalah Inheritance in QS. al-Nisa [4]: 176: A Comparative Study of the Interpretation of Ibn al-'Arabi and Wahbah az-Zuhaili
Authors: Rostiana Herdiani Tanti , Jaka Ghianovan  , Khoirun Nidhom
Published: July 2024

This article explains the differences between kalalah inheritance from the perspective of Tafsir Ahkam al-Qur'an by Ibn al-'Arabi and Tafsir al-Munir by Wahbah az-Zuhaili as stated in the QS. al-Nisa [4]: ​​176. Using descriptive-comparative qualitative methods, the results of this article explain that the Kalalah heritage is seen from the perspective of Ibn al-'Arabi in Ahkam al-Qur'an and Wahbah az-Zuhaili in Tafsir al- Munir is different in presenting his interpretation. Ibn al-'Arabi understands kalalah as a person who does not leave behind father or child so that the distribution of inheritance follows according to the provisions of the Qur'an and hadith and emphasizes the importance of ijtihad. Meanwhile, according to Wahbah az-Zuhaili in Tafsir al-Munir, kalalah inheritance is understood by people who does not leave father or child so that the distribution of inheritance is determined in three parts, namely for brothers and sisters (co-parents) left behind by the heir, or more sisters left behind by the heir, and the portion of brothers and sisters (co-fathers) who left by the heirs in large amounts. The different interpretations of inheritance of kalalah according to these two commentators show how Islamic law has been understood and applied from different perspectives according to the context of the times and the needs of society. This article shows that Ibn al-'Arabi's interpretation is more classical and textual, while az-Zuhaili's is more flexible and contextual.
Policing Men, Policing Women: Responsibility and Accountability for Violence Against Women and Girls, Including Domestic Abuse and Femicide
Authors: Burton Mandy
Published: July 2024

Existing legal responses to violence against women and girls (VAWG) often focus on the behaviour of the victim as much as, or sometimes more than, that of the alleged perpetrator. The laws that are supposed to protect women and girls from abuse are used to ‘police’ the behaviour of women; access to remedies and redress can seem to be contingent on whether the victim has adhered to stereotypes of an ‘ideal/real’ or ‘deserving’ victim. Female victims of male violence, including femicide, are often judged for their own behaviour; what they ‘ought’ to have done to keep themselves safe. This ‘responsibilisation’ is evident in both the substantive law and in the implementation of the law in practice. This article will highlight some of the examples of victim blaming in existing legal responses to VAWG in England and Wales. It will consider the question: how can we focus less on victim behaviour and more on perpetrator responsibility and accountability? Jayne Cowie’s book After Dark offers a useful lens for examining this question. The article will explore the parallels between some of the existing preventative measures for domestic abuse in England and Wales and some of the fictional measures enacted in Cowie’s world, in particular cohabitation contracts and domestic violence disclosure schemes.
UNRAVELING MINK HAIR KERATIN GENES
Authors:   Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea, Kim Jung-Sup
Published: July 2024

Mink for luxurious fur face a high risk of global extinction, with species like the European mink designated as critically endangered by the IUCN red list. Recent whole-genome sequencing efforts have unveiled mink hair genes. Analyzing type I and II hair keratin genes from the GenBank database, a major hair protein KRT81 in Mink is consisted of 519 amino acids with an approximate molecular weight of 56.3kD and an isoelectric point of 5.5. Phylogentic analysis of basic type II hair keratins and acidic type I hair keratins in mink and human identifies the counterpart of the hair keratin filaments and possible combinations to form mink fur shedding light on fur biosynthesis mechanisms as well as aiding the design of transgenic animals producing mink fur to help save the species.
¿Cómo afectan los apoyos docentes en el clima del aula en alumnado del Máster de Formación del Profesorado?
Authors: Fernández-Rodicio Clara Isabel , Abellán-Roselló Laura
Published: July 2024

Los beneficios de una relación positiva entre el alumnado y con el profesorado son múltiples, ya que mejora su compromiso académico, la regulación del esfuerzo y la dedicación a las tareas escolares. El objetivo general de este estudio consistió en conocer si los apoyos docentes centrados en las relaciones interpersonales podían influir en el clima de la clase en estudiantes cursando el Máster de formación para profesorado de forma presencial. En este estudio participaron 183 estudiantes (61.4% mujeres, 61.4% hombres y 0.3% otros) comprendidos entre los 22 y los 63 años (media=27.4 años, desviación típica=11.5). Este estudio es cuantitativo no experimental de corte transversal y diseño descriptivo correlacional. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Apoyos Docentes (MOCSE-TSQ) y Cuestionario de Proceso de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje para el alumnado (MOCSE-O-PRO4DStudent). En los resultados se encuentran relaciones positivas de moderadas a fuertes y estadísticamente significativas entre todos los factores. Además, existencia de diferencias en el clima de clase dependiendo del área de conocimiento del que derivaban los estudiantes matriculados en este máster. Y se concluye que el clima de la clase puede predecirse teniendo en cuenta los apoyos docentes utilizados. Por último, se derivan importantes recomendaciones prácticas destinadas al profesorado universitario para enriquecer su actividad docente.
Descubriendo la fauna y la flora de nuestro campus: un ejemplo de ABP en la formación del profesorado
Authors: Melón Jiménez Pablo , Portolés Reboul Miguel , Arsuaga Ferreras Jesús María , Sotto Díaz Arcadio
Published: July 2024

La desafección que muestra el alumnado de magisterio hacia el aprendizaje de las ciencias naturales condiciona su rendimiento y, por ende, sus futuras habilidades docentes. Trabajando en un contexto STEAM, esta propuesta pretende acercar el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) a la docencia del Grado en Educación Primaria, proporcionando nuevas habilidades y herramientas por medio de una experiencia práctica sobre flora y fauna. A través de un cuestionario de motivación específicamente diseñado, se analiza el grado de satisfacción del grupo participante con esta metodología y sus expectativas respecto a su aplicación en el contexto de la etapa de Educación Primaria. Los resultados muestran una valoración positiva de la inclusión del ABP en su desarrollo formativo, poniendo de relieve la importancia de utilizar metodologías activas e innovadoras en el aula.
Recensión/Book Review "La lengua extranjera y su enseñanza en educación secundaria"
Authors: Castro Moreno Carmen Cayetana
Published: July 2024

Reseña crítica sobre la obra "La lengua extranjera y su enseñanza en educación secundaria", de Ana María Pérez Cabello. Publicada por Horsori Editorial, S.L. (2023).
Examining the Impact of Technology Adoption on Marketing Strategies in Retail
Authors: Johnson Oliver , Brown William , Wilson George
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the transformative impact of technology adoption on retail marketing strategies, focusing on artificial intelligence (AI), big data analytics, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mobile technology, and automated customer service solutions. Through qualitative research methods, including interviews and thematic analysis, insights were gathered from industry stakeholders across diverse retail sectors. The findings reveal that AI facilitates personalized marketing through data-driven insights, enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. Big data analytics enable retailers to forecast trends, optimize inventory, and tailor marketing strategies to consumer preferences effectively. AR and VR technologies enrich customer experiences by offering immersive and interactive shopping environments, bridging the gap between physical and digital retail spaces. Mobile technology supports omni-channel strategies, providing seamless integration and personalized interactions across platforms. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated digital transformation in retail, emphasizing the resilience and adaptability of technology-driven strategies in navigating disruptions. AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants streamline customer service operations, enhancing efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Immunohistochemistry for Insect Histology and Pathology Diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Hong
Published: July 2024

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) helps identify different types of tissues and provides important information about the pattern, shape, and structure of cells in a tissue sample. It is a very useful tool and widely used to uncover histology and pathology diagnosis uses. The IHC is a very useful tool to conduct research in the developmental biology area. Some insects, like butterflies, bees, beetles, ants, wasps, and moths, undergo a unique life cycle called complete metamorphosis, which has four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. Larvae are often wingless and have different habits and forms than adults, which are better suited for growth and development. During the metamorphosis, how does the insect legs change is a really an interesting issue.To better understand insect development, agriculture pest control, and insect pathogen interaction, here we use an insect Bombyx mori (domestic silk moth) as a model to detail how to conduct the IHC assays, such as HE staining, TUNEL to see the cell apoptosis, pH3 and BrdU staining to check cell division. The reagents can be easily found, and this step-by-step protocol is easily reproduced.
Industrial Catalytic Production Process of Erythromycin
Authors: Adamantidi Theodora , Panoutsopoulou Ellie , Stavrakoudi Evangelia , Tzevelekou Panagiota , Kokkinos Nikolaos C.
Published: July 2024

The impact of COVID-19’s unexpected outbreak forced the scientific world to thoroughly seek alternative ways of treatment in order to overcome the hindrance of traditional medicine in alleviating the symptoms of this virus and possibly be an option for a potential cure in the near future. The antibiotic erythromycin, which was introduced in 1952, has been reported to pose an effective substitute medication for various ailments such as skin, respiratory, bone, female reproductive conditions, and cancer, as well as the newly added COVID-19’s aftermath. Countries, World Health Organization and the health industry have recruited and cooperated with numerous universities and institutions, so as to tackle the demand for efficient antibiotics, with USA and China leading this effort. Consequently, the catalytic mechanism of erythromycin’s synthesis and industrial production was discussed and analyzed further in order to gain a better understanding and extrapolate innovative and environmentally friendly methods of producing this antibiotic. Therefore, the demand for an increase and improvement in the production of erythromycin should be globally promoted, in order to deliver more effective results against infectious diseases such as COVID – 19.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Health Providers at Kenyatta National Teaching and Referral Hospital Nairobi-Kenya
Authors: Okello Phelix , Ogello Vallery , Thuo Nicholas , Maina Gakuo , Mwangi Paul , Mogere Peter , Mutua Paul , Mwenda Harrison , Ongeri Linnet , Kinuthia John , Mugo Nelly , Ngure Kenneth
Published: July 2024

Understanding HCPs COVID-19 vaccine concerns can provide critical insights to optimize success of the vaccine rollout program as they are a trusted source of health information to patients and the general population. We sought to understand reasons for health care providers’ COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Kenyatta National teaching and referral Hospital. From April to July 2021, we interviewed 60 HCPs purposively sampled from the Infectious Disease Unit (IDU) (n=20) and other departments (n=40). We analyzed data using inductive and deductive approaches to understand reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The HCPs had a median age of 37 years, (Interquartile range: [IQR 20.0-58.0]), 57% were female, 30% nurses among other cadres. Most HCPs cited low confidence in the vaccine such as mistrust in healthcare system and government, vaccine safety and efficacy concerns. Constraints such as uncertainty about the second vaccine dose availability, and misinformation caused hesitancy. Further, few were reluctant receiving the vaccine because of perceived herd immunity from a recent COVID-19 infection, and the need for more information before deciding. The study highlights the need to address any misinformation about vaccines safety and efficacy, and ensure accurate information is easily accessible to HCPs which can translate to higher vaccine uptake.
Research on Travel Route Planning Optimization based on Large Language Model
Authors: Li Bohang , Zhang Kai , Sun Yiping , Zou Jianke
Published: July 2024

In a trip planning service, travelers first set a starting point, a destination, and a sequential list of specific points of interest types (e.g., museums, restaurants, and parks). Based on this information, the service searches the spatial database to customize the best travel itinerary for the tourist. However, in previous studies, planners only considered the time factor when designing the optimal route, and failed to fully consider the quality of each point of interest. In this study, we specifically leveraged the capabilities of large language model to parse and respond to complex travel-related user queries. To apply large language model to route planning, we fine-tuned the model to understand geotagging and user travel preferences. We have introduced a novel graph search algorithm combined with large language model output, which optimizes the route search process to provide optimal travel recommendations by taking into account various factors such as distance length, budget constraints, and popularity of tourist attractions. In addition, we have integrated real-time traffic data and historical travel data to further improve the prediction accuracy and application usefulness of the model. In the experimental validation phase, we designed a series of benchmarks to compare the performance of the system with traditional algorithms and other machine learning-based route planning methods. Experimental results show that our model has a significant improvement compared with traditional methods in improving the speed and accuracy of path selection.
State of the Art on Car-T Cell Therapies for Onco-Haematological Disorders and Other Conditions
Authors: Madrigal Alejandro , Crispín José C.
Published: July 2024

The use of chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) for the treatment of patients with malignant haematological diseases has become a well-established application, for conditions such as refractory or relapsed B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), B cell lymphomas (BCL), and multiple myeloma (MM). Nearly 35,000 patients have received autologous CAR-T cells for the treatment of these conditions only in the USA. Since their approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017, over 1200 clinical trials have been initiated globally and there are at least 10 different CAR-T cells with approval by different regulatory agencies around the globe. In the USA the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved 6 commercial CAR-T cells that are widely distributed worldwide. At the time of this writing, several clinical trials have been performed in patients with solid tumours such as glioblastoma, renal and pancreatic cancer, as well as in patients with autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM), and systemic sclerosis (SS). There are also several studies showing the potential benefit of CAR-T cells for other non-malignant diseases such as asthma and even fungal infections. In this review, without pretending to cover all the current areas of treatments with CAR-T cells, we offer a brief summary of some of the most relevant aspects of the use of CAR-T cells for some of these conditions.
Comparative Analysis of 5G Technology in the Agriculture Sector of Bangladesh (Challenges and Potential Impact)
Authors: Tanvir Md. Abdul Awal , Bhattacharjee Rivu
Published: July 2024

This study provides a thorough examination of the introduction of 5G technology in Bangladesh's agriculture sector, providing insights into the problems and potential implications related to its adoption. Focusing on the contextual landscape of Bangladesh, the study evaluates the effectiveness, efficiency, scalability, and ease of implementation of 5G technology concerning key challenges faced by the agricultural sector. Drawing comparisons with global perspectives, including countries such as China, Taiwan, Colombia, Netherlands, and India, the analysis provides a nuanced understanding of the diverse technological landscapes. The examination encompasses the evolution from 4G to 5G, emphasizing the commitment of major telecommunications providers in Bangladesh to advance technological capabilities. The challenges in rural adoption, limited technology literacy among farmers, and high smartphone costs are discussed, highlighting potential barriers to seamless integration. To address the creation of a more comprehensive technological infrastructure, the study also explores the efforts and regulatory support provided by the government and the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission (BTRC). Furthermore, the comparative analysis sheds light on the unique characteristics and advancements in other countries, contributing to a holistic understanding of 5G's role in transforming global agricultural practices. By exploring the anticipated socio-economic factors influencing the pace and success of 5G adoption in the agricultural sector, this paper emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts, infrastructure development, and addressing accessibility challenges to achieve widespread agricultural technology integration.
Construction of a Second-Countable Treon Space From a New Metric Structure
Authors: Bermejo Valdés Alejandro Jesús
Published: July 2024

Bermejo Algebras, which consist of Algebra B and Treon Algebra, are non-associative and unital algebraic structures that introduce new complex entities. Recently, a Hausdorff space associated with the space where these algebras act was defined. We constructed a second-countable treon space utilizing a novel metric derived from these algebras. We defined topological spaces and established a metric to prove the second-countable property within Bermejo Algebras. Our findings contribute to the construction of manifolds in treon spaces by defining a countable base using the density of rationals in the real numbers.
Metabolic Engineering in Plants: Enhancing Crop Yield and Quality
Authors: Fan Katie
Published: July 2024

Metabolic engineering in plants offers powerful strategies to enhance crop yield and quality, addressing global challenges in agriculture and food security. This study explores cutting-edge approaches in manipulating primary and secondary metabolic pathways, utilizing advanced genetic modification tools to improve key traits in crops. We examine successful applications that have enhanced photosynthetic efficiency, nutrient use, stress tolerance, and the production of valuable metabolites. The study also delves into emerging trends, such as synthetic biology approaches and multi-gene trait stacking, which are revolutionizing the field. By integrating omics technologies and computational modeling, researchers are optimizing metabolic engineering designs with unprecedented precision. As the field rapidly evolves, we consider the regulatory and biosafety aspects of genetically modified crops, providing insights into the future of sustainable agriculture and crop improvement.
Performance Enhancement of MRAC via Generalized Dynamic Inversion
Authors: Fadlalah Alharith Mahmoud , Bajodah Abdulrahman
Published: July 2024

Whilst Model Reference Adaptive Control theory provides mathematical techniques for achieving the performance of the system without undue dependence upon dynamic systems models, its applicability may not be suitable for systems that are crucial to safety due to suboptimal transient and error convergence performance. In this article, our approach enhances the performance of MRAC by utilizing a Generalized Dynamic Inversion (GDI). Two control actions are permitted under the GDI control law. One control is the particular part that is responsible for enforcing the reference system-constrained behaviors. Another control action is carried out by the control law’s auxiliary component and is incorporated into the standard MRAC control law. This augmented part is referred to as a null control vector, and it is used to enhance the performance of MRAC. The classic MRAC control law, when supplemented with a null vector term consisting of an adaptive gain that changes in response to tracking errors, forces the dynamical system to behave similarly to the reference model. This null vector, in particular, restricts the oscillation intensity of the tracking errors, which is employed to generate the adaptive parameters. It is demonstrated that this critical element of our approach enhances transient performance and ensures that error dynamics vanish asymptotically. Extensive simulations have been conducted to prove the efficacy of the proposed method.
Preliminary Analysis of Protein Catalytic Ability and Catalytic Structure
Authors: Cao Zheming
Published: July 2024

When water molecules or other particles collide with protein molecules in a solution, the protein molecules absorb some of the momentum and deform, forming a certain molecular potential energy. When a protein molecule in a high-energy state changes to a stable state, if there is a suitable substrate binding and the potential energy of the protein molecule is greater than the energy required to break the substrate chemical bond, catalytic action will occur. The α-helices and β-folds in protein molecules play a major role in converting the kinetic energy of water molecules into their own potential energy due to the large number of amino acids involved and their regular structure. The internal structural deformation of proteins caused by the impact of water molecules on α-helices and β-folds also has a profound impact on the structure of substrates. ‌
Optimizing Interactive Mental Learning Activity Software for Accurate Cognitive Profiling in Individuals with Down Syndrome
Authors: Leghari Irfan M. , Ujir Hamimah , Ali Syed Asif , Hipni Irwandi
Published: July 2024

Down syndrome is a lifelong cognitive impairment characterized by lower mental skills and intelligence quotient (IQ) compared to their typical peers. The profile is not curable. However, research has been conducted to supplement and improve cognitive functioning through computing and software applications. Conventional cognitive applications and IQ scales pose significant challenges as they are not developed based on specific cognitive guidelines. Therefore, such methods often fail to accurately assess cognitive profiling, resulting in uncertainty. To overcome these challenges, Interactive Mental Learning Activity Software utilizes tailored guidelines incorporating fuzzy logic rules, ensuring accurate cognitive profiling for Down syndrome. Fuzziness was applied within the machine learning framework across three groups structured based on IQ levels. A total of N=200 individuals with Down syndrome participated in the IQ assessment. The findings revealed that individuals with mild impairment demonstrated a higher degree of improvement in cognitive abilities compared to moderate and severe levels. However, the severe category appears to have an unrealistic probability, leading to a standstill in progress. The implementation of the specific guided system led to improvements of 6%, 5%, and 5% in individuals with mild, moderate, and severe cases, respectively.
An Automated Smartphone-Capable Road Traffic Accident Notification System
Authors: Langa Relebogile Makhulu , Moeti Michael Nthabiseng , Kgoete Senota Frans
Published: July 2024

The widespread use of automobiles has revolutionized transportation and attracted a large population owing to their convenience and effectiveness. However, this widespread adoption has resulted in a significant increase in road traffic accidents. The alarming road fatalities suggest that medical responders are overwhelmed by the need to save lives in a timely manner. This is due to a lack of affordable autonomous detection and notification mechanisms. Prior work in this domain includes the use of vehicular ad hoc networks, Arduinos, and Raspberry Pis; machine-learning approaches for predictions; and smart devices using integrated sensors. These methods are either expensive to acquire, human-reliant, or require vehicular modifications. Therefore, the aim of this study is to suggest a cheap prototype that can work with smartphones. The prototype should have embedded micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) sensors that measure g-force to find car accidents and global system for mobile communications-long term evolution (GSM-LTE) to call the closest medical responders, which would be found using GPS. A prototype was developed using the .NET Multi-Platform App UI (MAUI) framework. This study applied the design science research methodology (DSRM) to produce a socially acceptable, low-cost artifact similar to existing in-vehicle systems to save lives on the road during a road traffic accident. The FEDS evaluation of the results indicated that smartphones can perform such complex tasks with reasonable accuracy compared with expensive in-vehicle systems. The prototype can be adopted by lower- to middle-class individuals as it is a cheaper alternative. This study makes a practical contribution to the society by utilizing artifacts to ensure road safety.
Neurocognitive Concepts of Arthroscopic Surgical Training
Authors: Testa Edward J. , Green Andrew
Published: July 2024

» Arthroscopy is used to treat a broad variety of orthopaedic conditions.

» The technical aspects of arthroscopic surgery are distinct from traditional open surgery and require different approaches to education and training.

» There are neurocognitive concepts related to learning, memory, and performance that are recognized and understood in many fields and relevant but not commonly and specifically considered in orthopaedic surgery.

» The purpose of this review was to introduce and discuss neurocognitive principles and concepts of visuospatial motor skill acquisition and proficiency to provide a background to support the development of arthroscopy educational curricula and training.
Empleo de las TIC y competencias digitales de los trabajadores de empresas privadas de Lima Norte, 2022
Authors: Murrugarra Retamozo Brenda Isabel
Published: July 2024

El empleo de las TIC es esencial en el trabajo porque puede determinar el acceso o promoción a un puesto. Asimismo, para usar las TIC, los operarios requerirán de competencias digitales. Esta situación, en las empresas privadas de Lima Norte de Perú, representa un problema; ello debido a que ciertos trabajadores no hacen un uso adecuado de las TIC por carecer de habilidades de información, comunicación, resolución de problemas y de competencia informática (competencias digitales). El objetivo del estudio fue establecer el vínculo entre el empleo de las TIC y las competencias digitales de los trabajadores de empresas privadas de Lima Norte, 2022. En el método, se tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo básico descriptivo y nivel correlacional, con un diseño no experimental. La muestra fue de 84 profesionales, técnicos y de apoyo empresarial. Se usó la técnica de la encuesta con el cuestionario de instrumento. Se halló como resultado que, existía una relación positiva alta entre el empleo de las TIC y las competencias digitales de los trabajadores de empresas privadas de Lima Norte, 2022, con un Rho de Spearman = 0,852 y un valor p=0.000, p < 0.05.
Speech impairment students and educational technology
Authors: Made Ana
Published: July 2024

The present research is aimed to review the scientific literature generated between 2010 and 2022, on the implementation of digital educative resources for students with speech disabilities or language disorders. In other words, studies related to the subject are investigated. On the other hand, to supply current information, the search was set up within a twelve-year period. To achieve this objective, a search was conducted in the databases Dialnet, DOAJ, Eric, Scielo, Scopus, Elsevier, Jstor, Oxford Research Encyclopedia and the academic source of Google Scholar, through descriptors that included the variables associated with the object of study. In the first exploration, fifty-three articles were obtained, which when filtered resulted in fifteen articles that met the pursuit criteria. The results showed two clear trends: articles referring to the use of educational technology resources, and those which do not use it. Furthermore, result confirmed the use of technology in two areas: therapeutic and academic. In addition, this research presents issues with the terminology being used for speech impairment and the scarce scientific production in this area, which are associated with the effectiveness in attention and inclusion of students with this disability
La publicidad en los canales infantiles de Youtube y su influencia en niños de 3 a 6 años (preescolar)
Authors: Segovia Aguilar Blas , Almonte Pérez Rosanna Nathalie
Published: July 2024

La investigación exploratoria aborda el tema de la Publicidad en los Canales Infantiles de YouTube y su Influencia en niños de 3 a 6 Años (Preescolar). En un entorno donde los niños tienen un acceso cada vez mayor a dispositivos como tabletas, móviles y televisores inteligentes, tienen la capacidad de seleccionar y visualizar contenido según sus preferencias. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en el área metropolitana de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana, y se centró en un análisis de muestra de videos procedentes de dos de los canales infantiles de YouTube con mayor cantidad de visualizaciones, que están entre los 10 canales más populares en español. El análisis se enfocó en determinar la frecuencia y naturaleza de la exposición de los niños a la publicidad en estos canales. Se utilizó una combinación de métodos, incluyendo la observación no participante de un grupo de 33 niños, divididos en los cursos de prekinder, kinder, preprimario y 1er grado, mientras visualizaban una muestra de los videos seleccionados. Además, se realizó una recopilación de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos para obtener una comprensión completa de las experiencias y percepciones de los niños. Los resultados obtenidos fueron sometidos a una triangulación de datos, lo que permitió una validación cruzada entre los diferentes métodos y fuentes de información. Este enfoque integral proporciona una visión más completa de cómo la publicidad en los canales infantiles de YouTube afecta a los niños en edades tempranas. Los hallazgos de este estudio tienen implicaciones importantes para comprender el impacto de la publicidad en la audiencia infantil y pueden informar futuras investigaciones y políticas relacionadas con la regulación de la publicidad dirigida a niños en plataformas en línea.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Video Youtube Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas IV Pada Materi Keliling dan Luas Bangun Datar di MI Ma’arif Polorejo
Authors: Khazanah Uswatun , Wilujeng Hestu
Published: July 2024

Mathematics is one of the subjects that must be studied by students at school. One of the objectives of teaching mathematics is to train and develop students' mathematical reasoning abilities. In class IV at MI Ma'atif Polorejo there were several problems during the learning process for mathematics, including the teacher still using the lecture method in delivering learning, the teacher never using learning media in delivering mathematics material, the students were less enthusiastic when delivering the material. , students find it difficult to accept learning materials, some students are less interested in learning mathematics, students' ability to solve mathematical problems is still low, students' mathematical reasoning abilities are still low and grade IV learning outcomes in mathematics subjects are still low, namely there are 10 students out of 29 grade IV A students or the equivalent of 34.5% of students whose average evaluation results are still below the KKM, which is 70. Improving students' mathematical reasoning abilities must be accompanied by an appropriate learning process, so that learning objectives can be achieved. So, the learning carried out by the teacher has a very important influence on students' understanding of learning materials and students' mathematical reasoning abilities. The use of youtube video media in the mathematics learning process, with the hope that students' enthusiasm and motivation to learn, students' understanding of the material and students' mathematical reasoning abilities can increase. This study aims to analyze the effect of using Youtube video media on the mathematical reasoning abilities of fourth grade students on the circumference and area of ​​flat shapes at MI Ma'arif Polorejo. To answer the questions above, this study was designed with a quasi-experimental research design and used a pre-test – post-test control group design to collect data and was carried out at MI Ma'arif Polorejo. This study was conducted using a sample of 2 classes, namely class IV A and IV B. The sample selection in this study was conducted randomly based on the results of the pre-test. This study uses a test as an instrument in data collection. The data analysis technique used in this study was the t-test. The results of the calculation of the t-test obtained tcount = 4.63 while ttable = 1.6741 it can be concluded that tcount > ttable that is 4.63 > 1.6741. Thus, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there are differences in the mathematical reasoning abilities of students whose learning uses Youtube video media with the mathematical reasoning abilities of students whose learning does not use Youtube video media in class IV at MI Ma'arif Polorejo. Thus, the use of Youtube video media affects the mathematical reasoning abilities of fourth grade students on the circumference and area of ​​flat shapes at MI Ma'arif Polorejo.
Costs of attaining larger size prior to migration inferred from predation-caused wounds in an anadromous fish
Authors: Futamura Ryo , Morita Kentaro , Kanno Yoichiro , Uchida Jiro , Okuda Atsushi , Kishida Osamu
Published: July 2024

Survival during migration typically depends on body size, in which smaller migrants suffer higher mortality. Thus, migratory animals are predicted to adopt growth tactics to attain large size before migration. Size-dependent growth patterns represent such a case, in which smaller migrants exhibit rapid growth and delay start of migration (extended pre-migration period) to attain a large body size to survive migration. To evaluate adaptiveness of such size-dependent growth patterns, it is crucial to understand costs associated with rapid growth and delayed migration start, since the adaptiveness of the size-dependent growth patterns cannot be solely explained by ecological demands of rapid growth and late migration start. However, potential costs remain largely unknown. Here, we focused on the trade-off between growth and survival, and investigated whether faster pre-migration growth rates and longer pre-migration periods incurred higher predation risk in masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou), which exhibit size-dependent growth patterns. In a capture-mark-recapture survey examining predation-caused wounds as a proxy for predation risk, we found a non-significant effect of growth rate but a significantly positive effect of timing of migration initiation on the frequency of predation-caused wounds. In particular, migrants that stayed longer in the river had higher probabilities of having predation-caused wounds, especially inflicted by piscivorous birds. This implies that smaller migrants extend their stay in the river to attain larger size for surviving oceanic migration, although the extended stay in the river is costly in terms of increased predation risk.
Enhancing Surveillance for Dengue Fever in Oyo State, Nigeria – a One Health Approach
Authors: Animasaun Olawale Sunday , Shaibu Joseph Ojonugwa , Akomolafe Busayo Kayode , Animasaun Olamide Priscilla , Akinyode Akinfemi Oyewumi , Olugbade Olukemi Titilope , Omisakin Ibukun Akinsola , Adeogun Adedapo Olufemi , Audu Rosemary Ajuma
Published: July 2024

Background
The threat from Dengue Fever (DF) is fast becoming a global menace. The burden of DF in Oyo State and indeed in Nigeria remains unclear, as cases go underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed as malaria. This is attributable to poor health-seeking behavior of the population, weak surveillance systems, and poor health infrastructure. Consistent surveillance of this pathogen using a one-health approach is necessary to assess the public health impact, meteorological influence, vectoral abundance, high-risk groups, and locations associated with Dengue Virus (DENV) infections.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 2022 to April 2023. It involved screening DENV in 289 human blood samples and 1,015 Aedes species mosquitoes. Viral RNA was extracted and purified using Jena Bioscience Viral DNA + RNA purification kit. These were analyzed using the One-Step PrimeScript III RT-qPCR mix. Serological detection of DENV-specific antibodies IgM and IgG in humans was analyzed using a one-step lateral flow immunoassay cassette test kit. Patients who were DENV IgM positive were screened for Lassa Virus (LASV) to rule out coinfection. Adult Aedes mosquitoes were trapped using Biogents Sentinel Trap. Mosquitoes recovered were morphologically identified and classified using appropriate taxonomical keys. Meteorological data was obtained from NIMET. Data was abridged as proportions; correlation analysis was done to determine associations.
Result
The overall seroprevalence of DENV was 128/289 (44.2%) with 19/289 (6.6%) and 109/289 (37.7%) being IgM and IgG positive. DENV was detected all year round with more cases in the rainy season. LASV and DENV coinfection was detected in a participant. DENV RT-qPCR analysis in febrile patients and mosquitoes was negative. There was a high abundance of Aedes aegypti (79.5%) in all the locations surveyed with Aedes albopictus (12.3%) detected in Ido LGA and Ibadan South-East LGA while Aedes simpsoni (9.1%) was found at Iwajowa LGA. Mosquito populations varied during the study period in response to prevailing weather conditions.
Conclusion
The high seroprevalence in this study demonstrates an ongoing transmission and exposure to DENV in Oyo State, this further underscores the need to include DF as a differential diagnosis for febrile illnesses. Surveillance system strengthening, as well as timely, accessible, and sensitive laboratory diagnosis for DF, is advocated.
Estimation of the AC electrical properties of some clay ceramic samples under different compositions and firing temperatures
Authors: Gomaa Mohamed Mahmoud , Mohamed Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Raw materials for ceramics made of clay are completely functional. Ceramic-floor tiles are made using clays combined with homogenous batches. Mineralogical, electrical, and ceramic properties were tested. Electrical properties are influenced by firing temperature and chemical composition. At room temperature, samples of natural crude clay were electronically monitored both before and after fire. The measurements (chemical composition, main and minor chemical features, petrography, X-ray, SEM, electrical properties, and chemical composition) demonstrate how firing temperature and chemical composition (from clay to ceramic) impact mixture behavior and how clay-ceramic products can be enhanced. Dielectric constant and conductivity both rise with temperature. Humidity affects electrical properties as well. Charges from ore minerals improve electrical properties. Diffusion polarization, excess ion exchange, and surface charge displacement control grains. This study enhances the commercial use of ceramic clay mineral samples by demonstrating how composition and temperature affect the samples' electrical properties.
Feasibility and Acceptability of an Online Daily Exercise Program for Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Machacova Katerina , Steffl Michal , Bartova Alzbeta , Novotná Blanka , Holmerova Iva
Published: July 2024

Background: We all know how important it is to stay physically active, especially in later life. However, the majority of the population, including older adults, remains sedentary and lacks regular physical activity. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based online education and exercise program inspired by developmental kinesiology that was designed for daily use to support functional capacity and an active lifestyle.
Methods: Eighty-two community-dwelling older adults (mean ± SD age 73.7 ± 3.4, 77% female) were randomized into intervention (n = 45) and control (n = 37) groups. Participants in the intervention group followed a 12-week home-based exercise program of 15 minutes per day for at least 6 days a week. Adherence was assessed using a diary, and acceptability was assessed using a postintervention questionnaire. Functional status was examined by performance tests (Timed Up and Go Test, Single Leg Stance Test, and Hand Grip) and a single-item question ("How would you rate your functional status from excellent to poor?") at baseline and postintervention. The data were analysed in SPSS using descriptive statistics, t tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA.
Results: The intervention was feasible and acceptable. The retention rate in the experimental group was 100%, and the adherence rate was 99.9%. The program was rated on a 5-point Likert scale as clear (87% considered the program excellent), meaningful (80%), or manageable (71%). All participants (100%) in the experimental group would recommend the program to peers, and 91% expressed a willingness to continue. Additionally, participants felt more fit postintervention (T = 4.96, p < .001; F = 4.83, p < .05) and demonstrated improved one-leg stability (T = -3.45, p = .001). The improvement in agility was not statistically significant but was slightly clinically significant (ES = .05), and grip strength was not affected by the intervention.
Conclusions: We conclude that the designed program has great potential to become a welcome part of everyday life among older adults, providing many benefits for this population. It is evident that older generations can follow online exercise programs and improve their health habits in the long term.
Trial Registration: The trial was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06133894).
Funding: This research was funded by #NU22-09-00447: 2022-2025.
Hydrodynamics and sediment transport in normal weather: examples from a macrotidal tidal flat-channel system, Rudong, Jiangsu
Authors: Liu Zhenqiao , Xue Liming , Gao Chao , Shi Benwei , Wang Ya Ping , Gao Shu
Published: July 2024

A detailed understanding of the hydrodynamics and sediment transport mechanisms of the intertidal mudflat-channel system can better predict its future survival and development potential. This study selected a typical open-coast macrotidal mudflat, Xiaoyangkou tidal flat in Rudong in the central part of Jiangsu Province, as the studied area, with field observations conducted on the tidal mudflat-channel system during tidal cycles. The study revealed wind waves generated by winds of around 7 m/s within a fetch length of 5 km can cause significant erosion on the mudflats during neap tides. Wind waves cannot cause erosion on the thalweg within the tidal channels and the lower parts of the banks under normal weather conditions. The peak flow velocity in the flood and ebb within the tidal channels occurs below the bankfull depth. Three different types of erosion processes were observed on the channel slopes: (1) Small-scale erosion on slopes of less than 10 cm in width and less than 5 cm in depth, causing widening and deepening of small tidal gullies, leading to vertical erosion of the slopes. (2) Medium-sized tidal creeks with 10–100 cm widths and depths of 5-100 cm experiencing sliding erosion. (3) Large tidal channels with widths greater than 200 cm and depths greater than 100 cm are more likely to toppling collapse. Continuous waves caused by wind oscillations below the bankfull depth at the observed cross-section of the tidal channels may be the main cause of erosion on the channel banks.
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for social isolation in older adults
Authors: Li Ya-Qin , Long Ying-Yin , Huang YuTing , Wang Yu
Published: July 2024

Background: Older people are at high risk of social isolation (SI), which can have adverse effects on their health. The extent of SI amongst older people has emerged as a major concern for health and social policy. The objective of this study was to develop a risk prediction model for SI in older adults.
Methods:A total of 4817 participants aged 60 and over were selected from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Participants were randomly assigned to the training set and the validation set at a ratio of 70 to 30%. LASSO regression analysis was used to screen the predictors. Then, identified predictors were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis and used to construct model nomogram. The performance of the model was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results: Out of 4817 participants, 1175 were in a state of SI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, living arrangements, ADL, cognitive function, exercise, medical insurance, community services, intergenerational economic support and homeownership were predictors of SI in older adults. Using these factors, a nomogram model was constructed. The AUC values for the training and validation sets of the predictive model were 0.861 (95% CI= 0.846-0.875) and 0.864 (95% CI= 0.843-0.886), respectively. Calibration curves demonstrated that the predicted values of the nomogram were in good agreement with the observed data. DCA showed that the model had good clinical validity.
Conclusion: The nomogram constructed in this study is a useful tool for evaluating the SI risk of elderly individuals, which can help community healthcare workers identify high-risk individuals. The variables used in the model are easy to obtain, and the performance of the model is good, making it easy to use and promote in the community.