bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELINDUNGAN TERHADAP WARGA NEGARA INDONESIA SEBAGAI KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA TERORISME DI LUAR NEGERI
Authors: Susilaningtias Susilaningtias
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK: Pemerintah menerbitkan peraturan yeng mengatur tentang perlindungan terhadap Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) yang menjadi korban tindak pidana terorisme di luar negeri. Mereka memiliki hak yang sama dengan korban tindak pidana terorisme di dalam negeri. Sehingga tentu pemenuhan hak-haknya akan menemui berbagai tantangan mengingat pemenuhan dapat dilakukan baik ketika mereka kembali ke Indonesia dan/atau di negara setempat terjadinya tindak pidana terorisme, yang tentu memiliki system hukum yang berbeda. Lebih lanjut pemenuhan ini juga tentu akan dibatasi dengan relasi-relasi diplomatic yang harus diterapkan seperti dituangkan di dalam Konvensi Wina. Selain itu, jika muncul perbedaan pandangan antara Indonesia dan negara setempat mengenai suatu peristiwa dapat dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana terorisme atau tidak, hukum mana yang akan diterapkan. Tantangan ini berpotensi muncul karena sampai detik ini PBB gagal merumuskan definisi terorisme karena perbedaan pandangan di antara negara-negara anggotanya. Dalam semua tantangan dan keterbatasan tersebut, lalu bagaimana rentang tanggung jawab negara untuk memberikan pelindungan kepada WNI yang menjadi korban tindak pidana terorisme di luar negeri.
Relasi Hak Dan Kewajiban Suami Istri Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Analitis Relevansi Hak Dan Kewajiban Suami Istri Berdasarkan Tafsir Ahkam Dan Hadits Ahkam)
Authors: Nurani Sifa Mulya
Published: January 2022

Sepasang suami istri memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam menjalankan semua kewajiban rumah tangganya. Selain kewajiban yang dijalani, sepasang suami istri juga memiliki hak yang melekat pada keduanya. Oleh karena itu suami istri dituntut untuk menjalankan hak dan kewajiban secara adil dan berimbang. Penafsiran al-Quran tentang ayat yang menjelaskan tentang relevansi hak dan kewajiban suami istri tentu perlu dijelaskan dengan Hadits. relasi suami istri dalam pernikahan merupakan mitra yang sejajar dan bukan relasi subordinasi dari suami dan mengabaikan hak-hak istri. Karena itu istri memiliki hak-hak dalam rumah tangga, baik berkaitan dengan tempat tinggal, nafkah, maupun rasa aman. Sehingga dari konteks tersebut, perlu kita ketahui bagaimana relevansi antara tafsir ayat Al-Qur’an dan Hadits.Artikel ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa pertama Relasi antara Hak dan Kewajiban Suami Istri dalam Rumah tangga menimbulkan beberapa hak dan kewajiban yang setara atas keduanya, di antaranya adalah hak Istri atas suami, Hak Suami atas Istri, dan Hak bersama. Kedua, penafsiran ayat ahkam dengan relevansinya terhadap Hadits ahkam tentang hak dan kewajiban suami dan Istri dalam hubungan rumah tangga dapat dibagi menjadi kewajiban suami yang menjadi hak istri dalam al-Qur’an disebutkan Bahwa suami harus memberi nafkah istri, memperlakukan istri dengan ma’ruf baik dalam sehari-hari maupun dalam menggaulinya ini sejalan dengan tafsir Hadits Asy ’ari bahwa suami mempunyai tanggung jawab penuh atas istri baik mengenai nafkah dan perlakukan kepadanya. Sedangkan kewajiban istri yang menjadi hak suami dalam al-Qur’an disebutkan ayat bahwa istri harus menjaga segala sesuatu yang berkenaan dengan milik suami, ini sejalan dengan tafsir Hadits tentang segala hal termasuk keluar rumah, berdandan, menggunakan harta, masalah perizinan haruslah meminta izin dahulu kepada suami karena suami merupakan ladang surga dan bisa menjadi lading neraka bagi seorang istri.
KONSEP MAHAR SITI MUSDAH MULIA DAN MARZUKI WAHID MENURUT DALALAH NAS}
Authors: Sofiana Neng Eri
Published: January 2022

Ketentuan mahar telah disepakati dan dipraktikan sebagai pemberian dari calon pengantin laki-laki kepada calon pengantin perempuan, begitu juga yang dikatakan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) Pasal 30 bahwa mahar adalah pemberian dari calon mempelai pria kepada calon mempelai wanita, baik berbentuk barang, uang atau jasa yang tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam. Namun, hal ini berbeda dengan ketentuan mahar dalam pasal 16 CLD-KHI yang disebutkan bahwa mahar bisa diberikan oleh calon istri kepada calon suami atau sebaliknya. Kedua tokoh yang ikut merumuskan ketentuan ini adalah Siti Musdah Mulia dan Marzuki Wahid sebagai tokoh yang berangkat dari staf atau birokrat Depag. Penelitian ini akan melihat bagaimana konsep mahar yang disajikan Siti Musdah Mulia dan Marzuki Wahid serta urgensi penerapannya dalam tata hukum perkawinan Indonesia, kemudian melihat konsep mahar tersebut melalui kacamata dalalah nas}. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pustaka yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara kepada narasumber terkait, yakni Siti Musdah Mulia dan Marzuki Wahid. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah konsep yang berbeda dengan yang konsep mahar yang sudah dipahami dan dipraktikkan umat Islam, karena konsep mahar bukan lagi menjadi kewajiban suami, melainkan menjadi sebuah simbol cinta kasih yang dapat diberikan oleh dan dari siapapun atau dapat diberikan dari pihak istri kepada suami atau dapat saling memberi mahar satu sama lain. Selain itu, konsep mahar yang disajikan oleh Siti Musdah Mulia dan Marzuki Wahid meniadakan konsep dukhul, sedangkan di dalam Islam, konsep mahar memiliki kaitan erat dengan dukhul.
ANALISIS MAQASID SYARIAH JASSER AUDA TERHADAP COUNTER LEGAL DRAFT KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Murtadlo Muhammad Ali
Published: January 2022

Islamic law transformative bid is made to replace the Islamic Law Compilation (KHI) in the form of Counter Legal Draft Compilation of Islamic Law (CLD-KHI), attracted the attention of academics, scholars and jurists of Islam in Indonesia. Many of those who reject and not infrequently also agree with the offer. This formulation is a challenge to bring order to respect Indonesia by Islamic law to all national character, culture and progress in democratization and upholding human rights, including women's rights. This study aims to answer the question (a) how is the legal istinbath method used in formulating the Counter Legal Draft Compilation of Islamic Law? (b) What is the formulation of the Counter Legal Draft Compilation of Islamic Law from the perspective of Jasser Auda's sharia maqasid? Library research using qualitative approach suggests that (a) the CLD-KHI is a legal draft in the form of provisions, so that in the process of its formulation is done through a procedural step that is done gradually, systematically, and involve several competent authority (b) Formulation of family law Islam offered in CLD-KHI in law istinbath method is not contrary to the concept of maqasid syariah Jasser Auda. However, the application instead of KHI still hindered political factor, because there are chapters that are considered controversial.
PUTUSAN MUNAS MUHAMMADIYAH MENGENAI KOREKSI KETINGGIAN MATAHARI SUBUH DALAM FIKIH DAN ASTRONOMI
Authors: Cahyani Risma
Published: January 2022

Secara syar’i sholat merupakan kewajiban bagi setiap muslim yang telah ditentukan waktunya. Dalam penetapan awal waktu shalat posisi matahari adalah faktor utama yang harus diperhatikan, akibatnya setiap beda hari dan beda tempat, maka waktu shalat juga akan berbeda pula. Perbedaan tersebut juga didapati dalam penetapan awal waktu shalat subuh, Majlis Tarjih dan Tajdid Muhammadiyah pada bulan desember 2020 dalam putusan munasnya yang telah juga ditanhfidz  pada bulan Maret 2021 mengoreksi ketinggian matahari subuh yang awalnya -20 derajat dikoreksi menjadi -18 derajat dibawah ufuk. Konsekuensi dari putusan tersebut waktu subuh untuk Muhammmadiyah mundur sekitar 8 menit dari jadwal waktu subuh yang telah ditetapkan oleh Kementrian Agama. Hal ini menimbulkan sedikit polemik bagi sebagian umat muslim karena sholat subuh merupakan kegiatan yang juga mencakup dua ibadah, yakni puasa dan shalat. Sehingga jika ditarik sebuah pertanyaan bagaimana jika seseorang yang masih dalam keadaan sahur kemudian mendengar waktu adzan telah tiba, lantas apakah puasanya dapat dilanjutkan atau tidak. Hal ini dapat dikaji lebih mendalam berdasarkan kacamata fikih dan juga astronomi.
PEMBARUAN HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM: Studi Kasus Hukum Waris di Somalia
Authors: Syafi'i Ahmad
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This article aims to examine one of the phenomena that emerged in the Muslim world in the 20th century, namely the renewal of family law in Muslim-majority countries. This article focuses on the study of inheritance law reform in Somalia. By using a legal political approach, this article examines several important issues, i.e.,: the model of inheritance law reform in Somalia, the reasons that led to the revolutionary change from the concept of Islamic inheritance in general, and and the factors that influence these changes. In general, this study shows that in the reform of family law in Somalia, there are several rules that are not much different from the concept of the imam of the school of thought, but there are also several legal rules that are quite far from the conceot of conventional, especially the legal rules related to inheritance.
Dualisme Kompetensi Peradilan Permohonan Pengangkatan Anak Bagi Pemohon Yang Beragama Islam
Authors: Diharjo Nugroho Noto
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The Child adoption application for Moslem applicants and Moslem adopted children potential are legal by the State court and the religion court in pratice, for this reason this matter causes the competency dualism in accepting, examining, and assigning that child adoption application. in the Mojokerto state court Decicion No.04/Pdt P/2012//PN Mkt, the Purwokerto faith courtroom Desicion No.a hundred thirty/Pdt P/2014/PA Pwt. the ones fourt courtsstate that they are legal to accept, examine and assign the adoption of children. according to the research, by way of yuridis normative approch sesult of the child adoption application proposed by means of Moslem applicants, both in the religion court and trough the state court have the authority to just accept, have a look at, grant, and assign the child adoption application, but with different legal consideration. inside the state court decision, the judicial legal consideration refers back to the common legislation law such as the child Protrction laws, the population Administrations law, the Goverment Ordinance, and the supreme court circular, however, the religious court in based on the Islamic law compilation. The legal consequences caused by child adoption decision carried out inside the state court, the adopted kids have inheritance rights from the adoptive mother and father, at the same time as in the religious Courts, the adoyed children do not server ties with the biological parents. consequently the adopted children do not inherit property from the adoptive mother and father.
Mengasah Keterampilan Motorik Halus Dalam Kegiatan Menggunting Dan Menempel Pada Tk Al Maftuh Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Yanti Ai , Utami Fitria Budi
Published: January 2022

This research was conducted aimed at improving children's fine motor skills and increasing children's concentration power by cutting and sticking activities. The research was conducted at the Al-Maftuh Kindergarten unit, Sukamulya Village, Sukabumi. Where the researchers conducted research on 25 children of group B Al-Maftuh Kindergarten in Sukamulya Village. The research was conducted due to the lack of children's motor results in the previous year, so with this they would like to further improve their fine motor skills to be more thorough and neat in terms of writing, coloring, drawing with cutting and sticking activities where their fingers are trained as well as eye and eye coordination. careful hand.
As redes urbanas e a difusão do SARS-COV-2
Authors: Duarte Tiaraju , Schumann Eduardo
Published: January 2022

A propagação do coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 no mundo está diretamente relacionado à característica de concentração populacional em espaços urbanos juntamente com a evolução técnica nos meios de transporte. Neste contexto de intensas trocas, torna-se possível compreender que as redes urbanas possuem um papel essencial no processo de integração entre os mais variados municípios, viabilizando uma maior velocidade na difusão de determinadas doenças. Desta discussão elencamos nosso objetivo geral, o qual analisa a difusão do SARS-Cov-2 na região de Saúde Sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul/BR, buscando compreender a relação entre a rede urbana regional e o avanço da Covid-19. A base para os mapeamentos deu-se a partir do uso de técnicas exploratórias de dados espaciais. Podemos constatar que a forma como esta doença evoluiu possui quatro momentos distintos:o primeiro é associado a hierarquia urbana através dos primeiros casos confirmados nas cidades pólos da região; o segundo está relacionado ao avanço da Covid-19 para os municípios que possuem maior proximidade territorial e relações econômicas com as centralidades regionais; o terceiro movimento refere-se ao processo de difusão para localidades afastadas; o quarto momento é relativo a transmissão intramunicipal.
Minimally Invasive en bloc Excision of Rare Hemorrhagic Discal Cysts Using Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Technique: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Lin Chun-Hung , Pao Jwo-Luen
Published: January 2022

Hemorrhagic discal cyst (HDC) in the lumbosacral spine is a rare cause for low back pain and radiculopathy. Although there is no treatment guideline in the literatures, it is believed that the surgical excision showed better treatment results than the conservative treatment. In this report, we have two excellent treatment results from two patients with HDC using the minimally invasive unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) technique. Two patients with the rare HDC in their lumbosacral spines came to our clinic due to low back pain and severe sciatica after failure of conservative treatment. Both patients’ MRI revealed a cystic mass mimic a ruptured lumbar disc herniation with compression of the nerve root. The cysts were excised using UBE technique. The features of UBE technique are two small surgical wounds, minimal muscle dissection, continuous normal saline irrigation, excellent hemostasis, and a crystal clear and magnified endoscopic surgical field. These features enable meticulous dissection, en bloc excision of the cyst, and reduce the risks of dural tears or nerve root injuries. Both patients had very good symptoms relief and quick recovery after the surgery with no complications. We believe that the UBE technique is a safe, effective, and excellent surgical treatment option for patients with HDC in the lumbosacral spine.
Comprehensive Analysis and Assessment of the Role of Major Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Justicia Adhatoda Leaves as Potent Antimycobacterial Agents
Authors: Mishra Smita , Khatri Manisha , Mehra Varsha
Published: January 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the world's leading causes of death by the infectious pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which infects one-third of the global population. The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic made its spread rapid and the treatment task more daunting. With the havoc of infectious disease expansion, traditional medicines have triggered tremendous interest worldwide. However, less availability of scientific evidence still hinders its practical use. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of the traditional medicinal plant, Justicia adhatoda, which has been used to treat respiratory ailments since ancient times. We have successfully isolated and characterized several bioactive compounds viz- Vasicoline, Vasicolinone, Adhatodine, Adhavasine, Aniflorine, and Vasicinone from J. adhatoda plant leaves, including Vasicine as the principal compound, and showed their anti-tubercular activity on nutrient-starved Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis. The study also directs their in-vitro and ex-vivo antimycobacterial potential on THP1 macrophages with internalized Mycobacterium. Our study is one of its first kind, where we assessed the synergistic antimycobacterial effect of the isolated compounds with the first-line drug Isoniazid (INH). Their potential role in promoting phagolysosome fusion and apoptosis of M. bovis infected THP1 macrophages is further evaluated.
A systematic review comparing the health effects of dual use of electronic and conventional cigarettes with health effects of exclusive smoking of conventional cigarettes
Authors: Pisinger Charlotta , Rasmussen Sofie Kirstine Bergman
Published: January 2022

Background: A high prevalence of dual use (DU) of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes has been reported across the world. In some countries most users of e-cigarettes are dual users (DUs). We wanted to investigate the health effects of DU and compare with the health effects of exclusive smoking of conventional cigarettes (ESCC). Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane library. The last search was conducted on April 26, 2021. We included original articles on any topic relevant to health, in all languages. Reviewers independently assessed the main risks of bias without the use of automated tools. We followed the PRISMA guidelines. Both reviewers independently screened and read all publications. Results: Fifty-five publications (52 studies) were included, 12 of the studies were prospective. There was great heterogeneity across studies both in methodology and outcome. Several studies, especially experimental studies with short-term outcome, found higher levels of harmful substances in ESCC than in DUs, however, the two largest population-based studies, with low risk of selection-bias, found higher levels of harmful substances in DUs than in ESCC. Most studies investigating symptoms or risk of disease were large population-based surveys. One study found that DUs reported a significantly better health than ESCC, while fifteen found a higher risk of e.g., pulmonary, cardiovascular or metabolic risk factors/symptoms, self-reported general health or cancer in DUs than in ESCC. The study with the longest follow-up, six years, found that DUs had an adjusted odds ratio of 1.48 (95% confidence interval 0.81–2.70) of a possibly smoking-related disease (confirmed by hospital discharge abstracts) compared with ESCC. Many methodological weaknesses were identified, such as risk of reverse causality. We found a correlation between high tobacco consumption in DUs and findings of negative health outcomes.Conclusion: Due to many methodological weaknesses, it is difficult to draw any strong conclusions, but the results indicate that DU might be as or even more harmful than ESCC. Well-designed longitudinal studies are needed. Before recommending EC for smoking cessation health authorities should consider the high risk of DU and its potential consequences.
Effect of Acupuncture on Artery Elasticity for Atherosclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fu Wenbin , Zhao Lin , Zhang Jian-xing , Ye Si-ting , Meng Ling-cui , Huang Xi-chang , Zhou Jun-he , Zhou Ting , Qi Zhi-qi , Liang Hui-tao , Zhou Peng
Published: January 2022

Background Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic arterial disease. Atherosclerosis related diseases, like myocardial infarctions (MI) and strokes have the highest mortality and disability rate. However, limited evidence verified the effects of acupuncture on arterial stiffness for subclinical atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that acupuncture could improve arterial stiffness in subclinical atherosclerosis and resist plaque progression. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of acupuncture on arterial elasticity via ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) and explore the effect of acupuncture on lipid level and platelet function for subclinical atherosclerosis patients.MethodsThis was a randomized parallel controlled trial included 44 patients. Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to acupuncture group and sham acupuncture group. Patients completed 24 treatments in total within 12 weeks of intervention. The primary outcome was ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) assessed after every 4-weeks treatment; the secondary outcomes were carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), blood lipid levels, fibrinogen (FIB) and blood platelet. Intention-to-treat (ITT) principle was applied and data sets were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software.ResultsAmong the 44 randomly assigned patients, changes of right-side BS value in TA group (0.841) at week 12 were greater than SA group (-0.189), with a mean difference of 1.030 (95% CI, 0.320, 1.739; P=0.006). Similar results were observed in right-side ES, left-side BS, left-side ES at week 12. As to secondary outcomes, compared with SA group(1.08mm), the TA group(0.98mm) showed a significant decline in mean of left-side IMT at week 12. (Z= -2.118; P=0.034). There were no serious adverse events.ConclusionsAmong patients with Carotid intima-media thickening, both-side carotids arterial elasticity is significantly improved after 12-week acupuncture compared with sham acupuncture. The effects of acupuncture are more noticeable at week 12 during end-systole.Trial registrationThe trial was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (NO. ChiCTR1900025551, 31/08/2019)
Attrition and Retention in Multidisciplinary Weight Management Interventions for Adults with Obesity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Everitt Jordan D. , Battista-Dowds Enzo M. , Heggs Daniel , Squire Amanda L.M.
Published: January 2022

Background
High rates of attrition undermine the success of weight management interventions (WMIs), but a comprehensive understanding of the factors that increase dropout risk remains absent. This is partly explained by heterogeneity of intervention design, and the absence of a universal definition of attrition. This systematic review aimed to identify the factors related to- and predictive of attrition and retention in multidisciplinary WMIs for adults with obesity.
Methods
The systematic literature search, conducted in Cochrane, Medline, PsycInfo, and Scopus, aimed to identify original research articles published between February 2008 and December 2019. Articles investigating attrition or retention in multidisciplinary WMIs were eligible for inclusion if interventions were for adults (≥18) with obesity identified by body mass index ≥30kg/M2 and lasted ≥6 months. Multidisciplinary was defined as ≥2 interventionist disciplines or professions, for the purpose of this review. Data was synthesised narratively.
Results
The literature search resulted in seventeen studies which satisfied the inclusion criteria. Attrition rates ranged from 10% at 3-months to 81% at 3-years. The sociodemographic factors associated with reduced risk of attrition included older age, living in less deprived areas, higher levels of education, and female gender. Poor mental health, low social support, high weight loss goals and poor or unsatisfactory results may increase the likelihood of participant dropout, but evidence was limited and inconclusive because of different methodologies, and only a small number of studies investigating some of the variables.
Conclusions
The scope for targeted retention strategies is limited because few variables were consistently associated with attrition. Until a comprehensive understanding of attrition emerges, WMIs should seek to reduce social inequities in the benefit of WMI provision. Future research should consider factors reported qualitatively, such as intervention expectations and satisfaction, social support, patient-clinician relationships, and logistical barriers. Adopting a universal definition of attrition and de-homogenising participant dropouts would advance future research. As qualitative evidence is limited, exploring participant experiences of WMIs would help understand how attrition rates can be reduced, and in-turn improve WMI effectiveness.
Theoretical Insights into Effect of Surface Composition of Pt-Ru Bimetallic Catalysts on CH3OH Oxidation: Mechanistic Considerations
Authors: Ou Lihui
Published: January 2022

A deeper mechanistic understanding on CH3OH oxidation on Pt-Ru alloys with different Ru surface compositions is provided by DFT-based theoretical studies in this paper. The present results show that alloying and surface compositions of Ru can change CH3OH oxidation pathway and activity. The optimal surface composition of Ru is speculated to be ca. 50% since the higher Ru surface composition can lead to formation of carbonaceous species that can poison surface. Our present calculated Ru surface composition of ca. 50% exhibits excellent consistency with experimental studies. The origin of enhanced catalytic activity of Pt-Ru alloys is determined. The significantly decreased surface work functions after alloying suggest more electrons are transferred into adsorbates. The calculated lower electrode potentials after alloying imply that lower overpotentials are required for CH3OH oxidation. The excellent inconsistency with experimental study on decreased onset potentials after alloying further confirms accuracy of our present calculated results.
2E (Energy and Exergy) Analysis of ET-CPC Solar Collector Integrated with Different Configuration of Thermal Storage System
Authors: Christopher Sathiya Satchi , Kumaresan Vellaisamy
Published: January 2022

The intermittency of solar thermal energy warrants the integration/utilization of thermal energy storage system for efficient operation. Effective utilization of solar water heating (SWH) system can reduce nearly 70 - 90 % of the energy cost incurred for water heating applications. In this study, a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) solar collector is paired with thermal energy storage (TES) system for the improvement of thermal performance of the collector through enhanced heat transfer rate and minimizing the heat losses. Effects of varying mass flow rate and different arrangement of phase change materials (PCMs) on the performance of the CPC solar collector are investigated. A study of the influence of PCMs configurations in TES systems viz three PCMs (Case 1) and five PCMs (Case 2) on the energy efficiency, exergy efficiency and overall loss coefficient of the solar collector and TES system is made and compared with sensible TES system. The results show the attainment of maximum thermal efficiency of 70 % for ‘Case 2’. Comparison with ‘Case 1’, ‘Case 2’ exhibited a reduction heat loss of 4 % from the TES system. Results of exergy study reveal a superior performance in Case 2 over other configurations.
Prevalence and risk factors of depression and anxiety for inpatients with lung cancer in China: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Xueqian , Ma Xuejiao , Yang Mo , Wang Yan , Xie Yi , Hou Wei , Zhang Ying
Published: January 2022

Background

Lung cancer was often accompanied by depression and anxiety. Nowadays, most investigations for depression and anxiety were concentrated in western medical hospitals, while few related studies have been carried out in the tradition Chinese medicine (TCM) ward. It was necessary to understand the prevalence and risk factors of depression and anxiety in the inpatients with lung cancer in TCM hospital.
Methods

This study adopted cross-sectional research method, which enrolled a total of 222 inpatients with lung cancer in TCM hospital. PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales were used to assess depression and anxiety for the inpatients, respectively. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. Statistical methods of the univariate analysis and the multivariate logistic regression model were used.
Results

The prevalence of depression and anxiety in the inpatients with lung cancer were 58.1% and 34.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis prompted that the common risk factor of depression and anxiety was the symptom of insomnia. Constipation and gender were the two anther risk factors of depression.
Conclusion

Depression and anxiety were common for the inpatients with lung cancer in TCM hospital. Gender, insomnia and constipation were risk factors for depression, and insomnia was risk factor for anxiety. Therefore, medical workers should pay close attention to the emotional changes of these high-risk patients and intervene the symptoms as early as possible.
Performance and Environmental Impact Assessment of Diesel Engine Operating on High Viscous Punnai Oil - Diesel Blends
Authors: Bibin Chidambaranathan , Devan Ponnusamy Kumarasami , Gopinath Soundararajan , Ramachandran Thulasiram
Published: January 2022

The increasing demand for energy consumption because of the growing population and environmental concerns has motivated the researchers to ponder about alternative fuel that could replace diesel fuel. A new fuel should be cheaply available, clean, efficient, and environmentally friendly. In this paper, the engine operated with neat punnai oil blends with diesel were investigated at various engine load conditions, keeping neat punnai oil and diesel as base fuels. The performance indicators such as Brake Specific Energy consumption (BSEC), Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and Exhaust gas temperature (EGT); emission indicators such as Carbon monoxide (CO), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), smoke opacity; and combustion parameters like cylinder pressure and heat release rate were examined. The Brake thermal efficiency of diesel is 29.2% whereas, it was lower for neat punnai oil and its blends at peak load conditions. Concerning the environmental aspect, Oxides of Nitrogen emission showed a decreasing trend with higher smoke emissions for Punnai oil blends. Detailed combustion analysis showed that on smaller concentrations of punnai oil in the fuel blend, the duration of combustion has improved significantly. However, for efficiency and emissions, the P20 (20% Punnai oil and 80% Diesel) blend performs similar to that of diesel compared to all other blending combinations. When compared with diesel, the P20 blend shows an improvement in BSEC by 26.37%. It also performs closer in HC emission, a marginal increase in smoke opacity of 4% with reduced NOx and CO2 emission of 7.9% and 4.65% respectively. Power loss was noticed when neat punnai oil and higher blends were used due to the high density and low calorific value of punnai oil blends which leads to injecting more fuel for the same pump stroke.
Comparison of Image Quality and Spatial Resolution Between 18F, 68Ga and 64Cu Phantom Measurements Using a Digital Biograph Vision PET/CT
Authors: Braune Anja , Oehme Liane , Freudenberg Robert , Hofheinz Frank , Hoff Jörg van den , Kotzerke Jörg , Hoberück Sebastian
Published: January 2022

Background: The PET nuclide and reconstruction method can have a considerable influence on spatial resolution and image quality of PET/CT scans, which can, for example, influence the diagnosis in oncology. The individual impact of the positron energy of 18F, 68Ga and 64Cu on spatial resolution and image quality of PET/CT scans acquired using a clinical, digital scanner was compared. Furthermore, the impact of different reconstruction parameters on image quality and spatial resolution was evaluated for 18F-FDG PET/CT scans acquired with a scanner of the newest generation. Methods: PET/CT scans of a Jaszczak phantom and a NEMA PET body phantom, filled with 18F-FDG, 68Ga-HCl and 64Cu-HCl, respectively, were performed on a Siemens Biograph Vision. Images were assessed using spatial resolution and image quality (Recovery Coefficients (RC), coefficient of variation within the background, Contrast Recovery Coefficient (CRC), Contrast-Noise-Ratio (CNR), and relative count error in lung insert). In a subsequent analysis, the scan of the NEMA PET body phantom filled with 18F-FDG was reconstructed applying different parameters (with/without the application of Point Spread Function (PSF), Time of Flight (ToF) or post-filtering; matrix size). Spatial resolution and quantitative image quality were compared between reconstructions. Results: We found that image quality was comparable between 18F-FDG and 64Cu-HCl PET/CT measurements featuring similar maximal endpoint energy. In comparison, RC, CRC and CNR were worse in 68Ga-HCl data, despite similar count rates. Spatial resolution was up to 18 % worse in 68Ga-HCl compared to 18F-FDG images. Post-filtering of 18F-FDG acquisitions changed image quality the most and reduced spatial resolution by 52 % if a Gaussian filter with 5 mm FWHM was applied. ToF measurements especially improved the recovery of the smallest lesion (RCmean = 1.07 compared to 0.65 without ToF) and improved spatial resolution by 29 %.Conclusions: The positron energy of PET nuclides influences spatial resolution and image quality of digital PET/CT scans. Image quality of 68Ga-HCl PET/CT images was worse compared to 18F-FDG and 64Cu-HCl, respectively, despite similar count rates. Reconstruction parameters have a high impact on image quality and spatial resolution and should be considered when comparing images of different scanners or centers.
SHORT-ROOT Stabilizes PHOSPHATE1 to Regulate Phosphate Allocation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xiao Xinlong , Zhang Jieqiong , Satheesh Viswanathan , Meng Fanxiao , Gao Wenlan , Dong Jinsong , Zheng Zai , An Guoyong , Nussaume Laurent , Liu Dong , Lei Mingguang
Published: January 2022

Coordinated distribution of Pi between roots and shoots is an important process that plants use to maintain Pi homeostasis. SHR (SHORT-ROOT) is well-characterized for its function in root radial patterning1-3. Here, we demonstrate a new role of SHR in controlling phosphate (Pi) allocation from roots to shoots by regulating PHOSPHATE1 (PHO1) in the root differentiation zone. We recovered a weak mutant allele of SHR in Arabidopsis which accumulates much less Pi in the shoot and shows constitutive Pi starvation response (PSR) under Pi-sufficient condition. Besides, Pi starvation suppresses SHR protein accumulation and releases its inhibition on the HD-ZIP Ⅲ transcription factor PHB. PHB accumulates and directly binds the promoter of PHO2 to upregulate its transcription, resulting in PHO1 degradation in the xylem-pole pericycle cells. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism of how plants repress Pi translocation from roots to shoots in response to Pi starvation.
Importation and distribution of unregistered medicines in the public sector: similarities, differences and shared challenges among Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries
Authors: Nyika Admire , Ngara Bernard , Mutingwende Isaac , Gwaza Luther
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to assess the requirements for approval of the importation of unregistered medicines for use in the public sector in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries.MethodsThe study reviewed the legal provisions and requirements to be fulfilled when importing unregistered medicines for the public sector in SADC countries relative to two comparators drawn from countries with stringent regulatory systems through extant document analysis. The relative implementation index score was calculated and used to measure the level of implementing legal provisions and requirements to be fulfilled. Analysis was performed using the STATA software package. ResultsApproximately 13 out of 16 SADC countries had a relative implementation index below 50%. The aggregated implementation index across all SADC countries was 44%, ranging from 4% to 54%, while the two comparators had a relative implementation index of 81% and 85%, respectively.ConclusionImplementing the minimum requirements for importing unregistered medicines for the public sector was deficient compared to the jurisdictions with stringent regulatory systems, and wide implementation gaps also existed within the SADC region.
Use Of Maximal Dosage Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors In A Real Life Population Of Complicated Type 2 Diabetes – Contraindications And Opportunities
Authors: Gant C.M. , Oosterwijk M.M. , Binnenmars S.H. , Navis G.J. , Haverkate H. , Bakker S.J.L. , Laverman G.D.
Published: January 2022

Objective Pharmacological inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAASi) is the cornerstone of hypertension treatment, renoprotection and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Although there is a dose-dependent effect of RAASi with optimum protection when using maximal dose, little is known on actual use of maximal dosage RAASi in clinical practice. Here we investigate prevalence of maximal dosage RAASi, and contraindications for, optimizing RAASi dosage, in patients with complicated type 2 diabetes in a real-life clinical setting.Research Design and MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis in 668 patients included in the DIAbetes and LifEstyle Cohort Twente (DIALECT). We grouped patients according to no RAASi, submaximal RAASi and maximal RAASi use. All potassium and creatinine measurements between January 1st 2000 and date of inclusion in DIALECT were extracted from patients files. We identified determinants of maximal RAASi use vs submaximal RAASi use with multivariate logistic regression analysis. ResultsMean age was 64 ± 10 years and 61% were men. In total, 460 patients (69%) used RAASi, and 30% used maximal RAASi. Maximal RAASi use was not statistically different between different indications for RAASi (i.e. hypertension, diabetic kidney disease, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease; P>0.05). Per patient, 2 [1-4] measurements of potassium and 20 [13-31] measurements of creatinine were retrieved, retrospective follow-up time was -3.0 [-1.4 to -5.7] years. Pre-baseline hyperkalemia >5.0 mmol/l and acute kidney injury were found in 151 (23%) patients and 119 patients (18%), respectively. Determinants of maximal RAASi were prior acute kidney injury (OR 0.51 (0.30-0.87)), increased albuminuria (OR 1.89 (1.17-3.08)) and total number of used antihypertensives (OR 1.66 (1.33-2.06)).ConclusionsMaximal dose RAASi is used in almost one third of complicated type 2 diabetes patients in a real-life setting. The prevalence of contraindications is considerable, but relative in nature, suggesting that it is worthwhile to explore strategies aimed at maximizing RAASi while circumventing the alleged contraindications.
What Really Matters for Returning to Work After Breast Cancer? A 6-month Longitudinal Study and a Multidimensional Approach
Authors: Fiabane Elena , Dordoni Paola , Perrone Cecilia , Bernardo Antonio , Corsi Fabio , Gabanelli Paola
Published: January 2022

Purpose.
Return to work (RTW) after breast cancer (BC) may easily impact on women recovery and quality of life. Literature on RTW hightlighed several factors associated to RTW after BC, and there is still some concern for exploring the main sociodemographic, clinical, psychological and work-related predictors of RTW after BC treatments especially when considering the first 6 months. The present study aims to explore which baseline factors are associated with RTW at 6-month after BC surgery.
Methods.
A 6-month follow-up study was performed among patients recruited from a Hospital in Northern Italy after their cancer-related surgery. Partecipants filled in a battery of questionnaires at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Measurements were on job stress, work engagement, quality of life, anxiety, depression and resilience. Moreover, sociodemographic, clinical and work-related data were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.
Results.
We recruited a sample of 149 patients, whose 73.9% returned to work after surgery. The women who returned to work were more likely to be not in a relationship, nor to have children. Also, they were not treated by chemiotherapy, and had higher scores in expectations of job changes after illness, RTW expectations, perception of physical quality of life and psychological resilience. In the multivariate model, chemiotherapy and women’s RTW expectations resulted as significant predictors of RTW at 6-month after BC surgery.
Conclusion
Most patients returned to work within first 6 months from breast surgery. Return to work was influenced by chemiotherapy and RTW expectations at baseline. A carefully individual screening of risk factors at baseline can prevent from occupational disability and long sickness absence.
Is There an Association Between Multiple Sclerosis Epidemic and Socioeconomic Status in Iran? - A Descriptive-analytical Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mozhdehipanah Hossein , Emami Ali , Targhi Shima Mohammadhoseini , Kazemi Fatemeh , Sarbazi-Golezari Ali , Mirzadeh Monirsadat
Published: January 2022

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a key neurogenic cause of disability among young populations. Assessing the parameters affecting MS severity is vital to reduce the disease burden. the objective of this study is to determine the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and MS severity among Iranian young adults.Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted by 180 patients (142 females and 38 males) with MS selected by a non-probability and consecutive sampling was conducted during September 2018-2019. The socio-demographic and primary clinical data were collected by a self-developed questionnaire and face-to-face interviews, respectively. The expanded disability status scale (EDSS) was used to assess the physical disability degree and the overall neurological function of patients.Results: The mean age of patients and MS onset was 27.54 and 35.58 years, respectively. The majority of patients were married (68.3%) while were living in cities (74.4%). The mean values of unemployment, homeownership, and monthly income were determined to be 54.4%, 71.7%, and 11,078,330 IRR, respectively. The mean EDSS was 2.80±1.79 points. A weak positive correlation between EDSS and patients' age (P = 0.001, r = 0.246) and number of children (P = 0.001, r = 0.250) was found. There was no significant difference between EDSS and SES factors (i.e., disease onset age, treatment cost, and monthly income).Conclusions: As SES was not related to the MS severity, there is no need to take special treatment measures in patients with poor SES.
Efficacy Analysis of Multidisciplinary Treatment for Wilm’s Tumor in Single Center
Authors: Yan Bing , Ji Fengming , Wu Chengchuang , Li Ye , Tang Haoyu , Yao Zhigang , Yang Zhen
Published: January 2022

Objective: To analyze the efficacy of multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) for Wilm’s tumor (WT) in Kunming Children’s Hospital, and investigate the risk factors affecting the prognosis of WT.Method: The clinic-pathological data were collected and analyzed in patients with unilateral WT treated in Kunming Children's Hospital from January 2017 to July 2021. Research objects were selected according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The risk factors and independent risk factors that affect the prognosis of patients with WT were determined by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model, respectively. Outcome: A total of 68 children were included in this study, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 92.65%. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis results showed that ethnicity (P=0.020), the tumor volume of resection (P=0.001), histological type (P<0.001), and postoperative recurrence (P<0.001) were the factors affecting the prognosis of children with WT. The results of the Cox proportional hazards model showed that only the histological type (P=0.028) was the independent risk factor for the prognosis of WT.Conclusion: The efficacy of MDT for WT was satisfying. The histological type has important predictive value for the prognosis of WT, and the patient with unfavorable histology has a poor prognosis.
The Effect of A PRID®Delta-Based Estrus Synchronization Protocol On Pregnancy Rates In Cows With No Estrus Symptoms
Authors: Demir Murat Can , Kaçar Cihan , Arı Umut Çağın , Kaya Semra , Merhan Oğuz , Kuru Mushap , Yıldız Savaş
Published: January 2022

The present study aimed to determine the effects of progesterone-based gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) injections on progesterone profiles and pregnancy rates in cows with no estrus symptoms within 60 days after parturition. A total of 80 cows were included in the study. All animals had the progesterone-releasing device PRID®Delta placed intravaginally for nine days with an injection of GnRH. On the eighth day, PGF2α was injected, and PRID®Delta was removed from the vagina on day nine. Artificial insemination was carried out 60 hours after PRID®Delta removal. In half of the animals (n = 40), 600 IU of eCG was injected when PRID®Delta was removed on the ninth day before artificial insemination 60 hours later. Blood samples were taken from the tail vein on days 0 and 8 to determine progesterone levels. The pregnancy rate in the group that received eCG was 37.5%, while it was 27.5% in those that did not (P = 0.4). While the dominant follicle diameter was 15.5 mm in cows injected with eCG during timed artificial insemination, the follicle diameter was 12.4 mm in cows with no eCG injection (P <0.001). There were no differences in serum progesterone values in blood samples taken until the time of artificial insemination. However, progesterone values in the blood taken during artificial insemination were 0.94 ng/ml in the eCG- group and 0.72 ng/ml in the eCG+ group (P <0.05). As a result, it was determined that eCG injections, in addition to progesterone-based GnRH and PGF2α applications, increased the pregnancy rates in cows without symptoms of estrus. The dominant follicle diameter was larger in cows treated with eCG during artificial insemination; however, follicle size did not increase the pregnancy rate.
Bioceramic Material Stimulation Affects Perceptual Consciousness: A Study Combining Descriptive Observation and Functional MRI Connectivity Analysis
Authors: Leung Ting-Kai , Li Chia-Wei , Lo Yu-Chun , Tsai Ping-Yen , Wang Jia-Yi
Published: January 2022

There is still no clear explanation of the process of perceptual consciousness that connects our body with brain. Innovation on the technology of bioceramic has now advanced towards clinical applications, including rehabilitation of brain infarction, therapies of insomnia and migraine. To demonstrate how ‘resonant energy transfer through the bioceramic material with tempo sound and visible light spectrum’ (bioceramic material stimulation, BMS) non-invasively affects perceptual consciousness, we investigated the responses of participants to BMS on perceptual consciousness by questionnaire of subjective descriptions and analyzed resting state fMRI during BMS. There were 61.3% participants who were categorized as positive group with various types of perceptual consciousness. By setting a threshold value at ‘p<0.001’, enhanced connections of ‘parahippocampal gyrus to cerebellar lobule V’ and ‘angular gyrus to precuneus’ were found. However, decreased connection of ‘caudate nucleus to cerebellar lobule VIIb’ was found. We conclude that the most affected brain functions by BMS including somatosensory, audio-visual perception and social cognition. The analysis of functional connectivity during BMS may help us gain more knowledge of consciousness and related division of neuroscience in humans.