bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incursões ao Modelo dos Campos Semânticos (MCS) a partir de um episódio em aula de Trigonometria
Authors: Chaves Rodolfo , Arantes Sad Ligia , Pereira Domingues Deborah
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo, fruto de uma pesquisa de abordagem descritiva, de natureza qualitativa, que adota o estudo de caso como procedimento metodológico, discute-se ideias pertinentes ao Modelo dos Campos Semânticos e sua potencialidade na compreensão de aspectos relevantes às atividades de ensino e de aprendizagem. Traz incursões a pressupostos do referido Modelo a partir de um episódio de aula, em um curso de formação de professores de matemática, considerando diálogos a respeito de equações trigonométricas, numa disciplina formativa. O método adotado às falas foi o de leitura plausível, com vistas a realizar-se produções de significados dos atores, efetuando-se uma análise epistemológica. Não limitando-se a apresentar um procedimento de resolução ou um recurso didático ao tema, o referido episódio permitiu observar que o ator Professor focou a produção de significado como aspecto central da aprendizagem, na qual os objetos matemáticos não foram tomados como um fim, mas como uma possibilidade a um exercício dialógico de base epistemológica, a partir do Modelo dos Campos Semânticos, em um processo de formação de professores.
Optimization and Exploration of Office Space Design in the Post-epidemic Era
Authors: Congsu Wu
Published: October 2023

As an infectious disease that may accompany the future life of mankind for a long time, COVID19 has gradually changed people's working environment, forcing us to accelerate and deeply consider adopting a different and more flexible model to achieve sustainable work and life. This article explores the future office space model under the background of the post-epidemic era, integrates the environmental elements of office space in the current post-epidemic era from the perspective of professional practitioners, analyzes the background of the era, and research purposes, and sorts out relevant theories and materials related to office space, cases and questionnaire surveys are used as theoretical basis support. From the perspective of interior design, discuss the two aspects of people and space in the office, construct the relationship between the two, and clarify the importance of the relationship between people and the space environment in the office scene, and the necessity of physiological function and psychological construction in the work, and explore how to propose strategies for the optimization of office space design in the post-epidemic era. Strive to realize the most possible practicality and innovation of the future office space model.
In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Some Plant Essential Oils against Organisms Associated with Urinary Tract Infection and Roasted Meat
Authors: Shamsuddeen, U.  , Sheshe, K. I.
Published: October 2023

In search for alternative ways to control microbial infections, plant essential oils from clove, fenugreek, garlic, neem, eucalyptus and lemongrass were extracted using Soxhlet apparatus and petroleum ether as a solvent. Phytochemical screening of the oils/extracts revealead the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, reducing sugars, steroids, tannins, glycosides and triterpenoids. The oils/extracts were then evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial properties against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans of Urinary Tract Infection and meat (suya) origins using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. Essential oil from clove was found to have the strongest inhibitory effect being able to inhibit growth of all assayed organisms followed by lemongrass extract, garlic oil, eucalyptus extract and neem oil while essential oil from fenugreek showed no inhibitory effect against all organisms tested. Highest and lowest susceptibility to these oils/extracts was demonstrated by S. aureus (mean zone= 11.7mm) and E. coli (mean zone= 5.8mm) respectively. Organisms isolated from urine showed more resistance than those isolated from meat. The LC50 analysis of the oils/extracts showed relatively high cytotoxic effects against brine shrimps, (<100 ppm). Maximum mortalities took place at a concentration of 1000 ppm whereas least mortalities were at 10 ppm concentration, which means that lethality of the oils/extracts was concentration-dependant.
A Retrospective Study of Multidrug Resistant Salmonella typhi	in Nigeria
Authors: Oyedum, U.M  , Kuta, F.A  , Garba, S.A.
Published: October 2023

Multi drug resistant Salmonella typhi are strains of S.typhi that can withstand the therapeutic effects of two or more antibiotics, mostly the first line antibiotics, which include Chloramphenicol, Cotrimoxazole, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim and Ampicillin. This study is basically carried out to expose the detrimental effects of this menace (Multi drug resistance) among most of the populace in Nigeria. Susceptibility tests using various test antibiotics were carried out on Salmonella typhi isolated from various clinical samples in Nigeria. The data obtained from the states studied revealed that most of the Salmonella typhi isolated were 100% resistant to most of the first line antibiotics. All S.typhi isolated in all the states studied were highly susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, except in Niger where 90% of the isolates were resistant to this antibiotic. This study is therefore intended to create awareness on the menace of multidrug resistant Salmonella typhi and how the problem can be controlled through measures such as; the production of new antibiotics and vaccines, the acquisition of modern health facilities and techniques for easy detection of multidrug resistant strains and the development of adequate drug storage facilities.
Isolation and Characterization of MRSA from Locally Processed Meat Hawked in Gombe, Nigeria
Authors: Shamsuddeen U.  , Puma H. U.
Published: October 2023

Three types of locally processed meat products were collected from vendors across hawking points in Gombe town. Stick meat (tsire) 30 samples, Roasted meat (balangu) 30 samples and dried meat (kilishi) 15 samples making 75 samples. Samples were taken to the Microbiology Laboratory of Gombe State University and analyzed for the presence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) through culturing, biochemical tests and DNA analysis. The isolated Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test using standard antibiotics. The result showed 13.33% of the total isolates to be Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus as confirmed by the presence of mecA1, mecA 2 and pvl genes by polymerase chain reaction. This is of grat health importance to the public.
A Survey for Human Papilloma Virus Infection among Women Attending Gynaecology Clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos, Nigeria
Authors: Zakari, H  , Seri B.F  , Anejo-Okopi,J.A  , Ajang, A,Y  , Katnap, S.R  , Adabara, U.N.
Published: October 2023

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is among the well known causes of cervical cancer and it represents the third most common malignancy in women, however surveillance data on its incidence rates are still needed in this part of the world. Accordingly, this study was conducted to determine the incidence of human papilloma virus in sexually active women aged between 18 and 65 attending gynaecology clinic of Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria (In 2016) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ElISA kits (Cusabio Biotech. USA). A total of 90 blood samples was collected and analyzed according to manufacturer’s instructions. Out of the samples 28(33.3%) were found to be positive for Human Papilloma virus infection. The incidence of Human Papilloma virus in relation to age shows that those in the age group 16-25 had the highest rate of occurrence of 45.8%, followed by age 36-45(27.8%). Age groups 26-35, 46-55 and 56-65 years have 25.0% respectively. HPV incidence rate of 33.3% was found among women that are not single while 31.0% occurred among the married women. Women with diabetes had 50% incidence of HPV infection while 29.3% occurred among women without diabetes, equally HPV incidence rate of 37.5% occurred among women who had protected sex while 30.5% occurred among women that had unprotected sex. In conclusion high incidence of HPV was detected among the study population, hence, it is recommended that HPV vaccination should be included in the routine immunization among the gynaecology services for sexually active women and regular pap smear screening should be made mandatory.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Ethanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina on the oviposition, egg hatchability and adult emergence of Callosobruchus maculatus(f.) on treated Cowpea seed
Authors: Alkali, Z. D.  , Abdullahi, N.
Published: October 2023

The efficacy of Vernonia amygdalina ethanolic leaf extract against the oviposition, egg hatchability and adult emergence of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on cowpea treated seed was evaluated at the New Biology Laboratory, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Kano State Polytechnic. Leaf extract from V. amygdalina was obtained by Soxhlet extraction method. maculates were obtained along with infested cowpea grains from Dawanau market in Kano State of Nigeria. The insects were reared in the laboratory and four different concentrations of the leaf extract (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5g) were separately mixed with twenty gram (20g) of cowpea in separate Petri-dishes which correspond to (5.0, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 w/w %) respectively. Control treatment was also set along. Five (5) adult pairs of newly emerged C. maculatus were introduced into each Petri dish. Oviposition and egg hatchability of the female insect was significantly reduced on seed treated with higher treatment level (10.0 and 12.5 % w/w) of the extract at (p< 0.05), in comparison with the control treatments. C. maculates adult emergence from seed with varying dose of V. amygdalina was significantly reduced (p < 0 .0 5) compared to other treatments. V. amygdalina plant leaf extract recorded low oviposition (3.3±0.10), low eggs hatchability (0.33±0.19) and lower F1 progeny adult emergence (0.00±0.00),when compared with untreated control treatment (P < 0.05).Therefore the plant has shown a strong effectiveness similar to that of synthetic insecticide in the preservation of cowpea seeds against C. maculatus during storage. It was recommended that government should encourage more planting of these plants that possess insecticidal properties.
Growth Kinetics Modelling of Tributytin-Resistant Klebsiella SP. FIRD 2 In Cadmium Media
Authors: Abdussamad Abubakar  , Nazeef Idris Usman  , Hadiza Ibrahim  , Abdullahi Muhammad  , Usman Sunusi  , Ferdaus Mohamat-yusuff  , Salihu Ibrahim
Published: October 2023

Tributyltin (TBT) has been generally used as component of antifouling biocide in boat and ship paints to prevent the attachment of marine organism on the hull surface. TBT has been classified to be a very toxic compound, and poses significant danger to a broad diversity of organisms in the polluted environments due to the high concentrations. The growth kinetic of TBT-Resistant Bacterium containing cadmium was studied. In this study various cadmium concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mg/L were used. Seven kinetic models (Haldane, Teissier, Monod, Yano, Luong, Aiba and Webb) were investigatedand the accuracy of the fitted model were evaluated using statistical analysis such as coefficient of determination, adjusted coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square (RMSE). Luong model were fitted to the experimental growth kinetics data and gave a very good fit. The calculated value for the Luong constants such as maximal growth rate, half saturation constant and half inhibition constant rate symbolized by umax, ks, and ki, were 0.03405 hr-1, 0.3 mg/L and 0 mg/L, respectively. Luong model also predicted the significant substrate concentration (Sm) value, at which specific substrate degradation rate falls to zero (98.93 mg/L). This is the first report of growth kinetics of TBT-Resistant bacterium by Klebsiella sp. FIRD 2 Containing Cadmium
Proximate and Mineral Elements Analysis of Ziziphus mauritiana Fruits
Authors: Keta, J.N.
Published: October 2023

The fruits of Ziziphus mauritiana plant were subjected to proximate and mineral elements analysis. The results of the proximate analysis revealed the presences of moisture contents 5.16±0.29mg/100g, ash contents 6.16 ± 0.29mg/100g, crude lipid 62.00 ± 0.50mg/100g, crude fiber 1.67 ± 0.29mg/100g, crude protein 6.18 ± 0.13mg/100g as well as available carbohydrate 83.98 ± 0.46mg/100g in dryweights. The values of the mineral elements analysis conducted were evaluated; Sodium 7.67 ± 0.138mg/100g, potassium 306.67±11.55mg/100g, calcium value obtained were 0.033±0.003mg/100g, Magnesium was recorded as 0.16±0.005mg/100g, while the value of phosphorus was recorded as 1.582±3.34mg/100g in dry weight respectively. The results of the mineral analysis conducted on Ziziphus mauritiana fruits revealed the presence of higher potassium and sodium values while the least value was obtained in calcium. The proximate composition showed the fruits as having higher value of crude protein and lipid contents while the crude fiber had the least value respectively. The high values of potassium and sodium in the fruit make the fruit good source for the formation of bones and teeth more especially in the growing children. Ziziphus mauritiana fruit contains important mineral elements that would possibly improve on the proper metabolic activity and therefore could improve on health standard if properly utilized.
In-vitro Antifungal Evaluation of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Leptadenia hastata on Malassezia species
Authors: Mujahid N.S.,  , Kutama A.S.,  , Sani N.M.  , Bashir Abdulkadir.
Published: October 2023

In-vitro antifungal evaluation of two plant extracts (Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Leptadenia hastata) was carried on Malassezia spp. using agar well-diffusion method. The ethanolic extraction of the bark of cinnamon spp. yielded more extract than leaves of L. hastata with a percentage yield of 6.20 and 4.28, respectively. At the concentration of 20 mg/ml, Cinnamon had the greatest activity with a zone of inhibition measuring 28 mm followed by L. hastata with 24 mm at the same concentration. Concentrations of 10 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml also show antifungal effects on the test organism. Cinnamon had an MIC value of 5 mg/ml while that of L. hasta was 20 mg/ml with an MFC of 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml, respectively. The phytochemical screening of the extracts show the presence of Saponins, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, phenols and flavonoids, which might be responsible for the antifungal effects of the extracts on Malassezia spp. The findings of this work suggests that infections by  Malassezia spp. can be treated using Cinnamon spp. or Leptadenia hastata.
Studies on the Physico-Chemical Parameters and Zooplankton Composition of Ajiwa Reservoir Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim, A.  , Abdulkarim, B.
Published: October 2023

Studies on the physico-chemical parameters and Zooplankton composition of Ajiwa reservoir, Katsina State, Nigeria was conducted from May 2012 to April 2013. Three sampling stations were selected; the physico-chemical and biological parameters were determined using standard methods and procedures. The result showed that; Water temperature (23.8 ± 0.8 °C), pH (6.8 ± 0.1), Turbidity (99.3 ± 3.6 NTU), Conductivity (129.9 ± 4.1µS/cm), Total Dissolved Solids (17.8 ±

0.3 mg/L), Nitrate-nitrogen (6.01 ± 0.3 mg/L), Water hardness (88.8 ±1.4 mg/LCaCO3), Dissolved Oxygen (6.6 ± 0.3 mg/L), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (3.2 ± 0.4 mg/L), Phosphate- phosphorus (6.4 ± 0.2 mg/L) and Water depth (5.4±0.3 m) varied with months and seasons. Analysis of variance indicated significant difference between seasons (P<0.05); but there was no significant difference in zooplankton distribution and abundance between the three stations (P>0.05). The result indicated Zooplankton percentage composition as follows: Rotifera (30.55%), Copepoda (29.33%), Protozoa (22.27%), and Cladocera (17.85%). Water quality of the reservoir was influenced by anthropogenic activities such as runoffs of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides; however the reservoir water is suitable for irrigational and domestic purposes in terms of most of the physico-chemical and biological parameters analyzed. However, there is need for an effective anthropogenic inputs control strategy for the reservoir.
Obstetric and Haematological Determinants of Malaria Parasitaemia among Pregnant Women in Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Dantata, A.A.
Published: October 2023

Malaria during pregnancy has serious health consequences, and poses substantial risk to the mother, her fetus, and the new born. This study was carried out to assess the relationships between malaria parasitaemia and some obstetric, haematological and clinical characteristics of pregnant women of various parities in the study area, with the hope to better understanding the local malaria situation. The laboratory techniques employed were: preparation of thick and thin blood smears, by Giemsa staining, for malaria parasite screening; measurement of blood haemoglobin, for detection of anaemia by Cyanmethaemoglobin method; alkaline pH electrophoresis of haemoglobin, for detection of haemoglobin variance. Parity was found to be significantly associated with malarial infection, with high prevalence seen in nulliparous and primiparous women, and the rate of infection decreasing with increasing parity. Likewise the sickle cell trait was found to influence the prevalence of malaria infection, with pregnant women who had the sickle cell condition (Hb SS) and those with normal haemoglobin (Hb AA) being more at risk for malaria infection than those individuals with the sickle cell trait (Hb AS and SC). A strong association was also found between anaemia and malaria parasitaemia, with individuals that were anaemic being more infected than those that were not anaemic. However, history of fever and previous chemoprophylaxis were not found to have any impact on the rate of malaria infection. Health education programs on the management of malaria in pregnancy should be intensified.
Bio - priming and Antagonistic Potentials of Senna obtusifolia Endophytic Bacteria
Authors: Inuwa, A .B  , Abubakar, A. S  , Ibrahim, M. A  , Sulaiman, H. U
Published: October 2023

Endophytic microorganisms have continued to gain prominence as rich sources of useful compounds such as plant growth promoting chemicals, bioactive compounds among others. The present study aimed at evaluating the tomato seeds bio-priming and, antagonistic potentials of endophytic bacteria isolated from Senna obtusifolia. Endophytic bacteria harboured in the roots and leaves of S. obstusifolia were isolated using a combination of cultural, biochemical and microscopic techniques. The isolates were evaluated for possible applications as growth- promoting agents of tomato seeds and also, as antagonistic agents to the notorious plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Diverse genera of bacteria were isolated from the plant and these, prominently include, Bacillus spp; Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli; Enterobacter spp; Rhizobium spp and Pseudomonas spp. Although, tomato seeds bio-primed with Enterobacter spp germinated before all others, the germination period (4 days) was statistically the same (P< 0.05) as that yielded by the control (4.5). Similarly, tomato seeds treated with S. aureus yielded the highest number of leaves (2.5) and, this was also statistically the same as that yielded by the control (P < 0.05). All the isolates used in the evaluation of antagonistic activity yielded significantly larger (P > 0.05) zone of inhibition than the control (11.0 mm). Among these, Bacillus spp yielded the largest zone (21.6 mm). The study revealed that S. obstusifolia harbours endophytic bacteria that could inhibit the growth of the plant pathogen, F. oxysporum.
Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Stem Bark Extracts Of Adansonia Digitata on Some Clinical Isolates
Authors: Magashi, A. M.  , Abdulmalik, U.
Published: October 2023

Adansonia digitata stem bark extract is been used in the treatment of stomach upset, diarrhoea, dysentery, antioxidant, antimaleria, antiinflammation. This work was aimed at determine the phytochemical constituents and the antibacterial activities of petroleum ether, ethanol and aqueous crude extracts of the stem bark from Adansonia digitata on some clinical isolates. The  Dried stem barks powdered of Adansonia digitata were extracted using three solvents. The crude extracts were subjected to Phytochemical screening using standard procedureThe crude extracts were further tested for their antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aerugi nosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Proteusmirabilis. MICs were determined using micro broth dilution technique. Acute toxicity study was carried out using albino Wister rats. The ethanol extract as the highest percentage yields of 5.14%. The result of phytochemical screening shows the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, glycosides, steroids and reducing sugar. The results of antibacterial activity show that all the isolates showedsignificant susceptibility except Escherichia coli that was resistance to all the test concentratio n of the three extracts. The MIC and MBC of the different extract ranged from 500µg/ml to 2000 µg/ml and 1000µg/ml to 4000µg/ml respectively. The result of this study showed that the stem bark extract of Adansonia digitata contain bioactive constituents which are responsible for the antibacterial activity and may have the potential for the production of drugs against some clinical isolates.
Antimicrobial activity of Balsam Apple (Mormodica balsamina L.)
Authors: Abubakar Bello  , Fatima Muhammad  , Sulaiman S. Kankara  , Bashir Abdulkadir  , Buhari Y. Shinkafi
Published: October 2023

Momordica balsamina L. commonly known as African pumpkin or Balsam apple (Cucurbitaceae) is used as vegetable in many African countries and traditionally in the treatment of skin diseases. In this study, phytochemical prospective and antimicrobial activities of its leaf extracts were evaluated with the view to validating its medicinal potentials. Acetone, ethanol and water were used as the extracting solvents. Presence of various secondary metabolites as tannins, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, alkaloids and saponins were observed. Acetone extract indicated a significant inhibition in all the bacterial isolate (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi) tested at 100 mg/ml (P<0.05) followed by ethanol extract which inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. The water extract showed a significant (P<0.05) inhibition on the growth of E. coli and Sa. typhi. The result of antifungal assay showed that acetone extract suppressed the growth of Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus sp at 100 mg/ml. The results obtained provided a scientific support for the claimed ethnomedicinal uses of the leaves of M. balsamina and suggested its potential as a source of a lead compound in the treatment of microbial infections. Key words: Acetone, Bacteria, ethnobotany, Fungi, Methanol, water
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Sanitizing Activity of Lactobacillus Plantarum Against Staphylococcus Aureus in Stored Citrus Lanatus (Melon) Drink
Authors: Na’inna, S. Z  , Bukar, A.  , Ado, A.  , Abdulrazak, M. H.
Published: October 2023

The main study objective was to isolate and characterize some lactic acid bacteria from some fermented foods and evaluate their ability to produce antagonistic effect against some food- borne pathogens as biopreservatives in the form of protective cultures or their metabolites. Isolation and Identification of Lactobacillus species from some fermented drinks was carried out on six different food types in triplicates following standard procedures. Following Isolation and Identification by biochemical and molecular methods, the antimicrobial activity of the Lactobacillus isolates in three different densities (1.5 × 108 cfu/mL, 2.1 × 108 cfu/mL and 3.0 × 108 cfu/ml) were evaluated against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from some foods. Sanitizing activity of L.plantarum against S.aureus in melon drink was evaluated at the time intervals of 0, 24 and 48 hours respectively. Results of Isolation and Identification revealed the isolate to be L. plantarum. Antibacterial activity of different densities of Lactobacillus showed that for 1.5 × 108 cfu/ml and 2.1 × 108 cfu/ml densities, the highest zone of inhibition produced were 17.00 ± 0.57 and 24.66 ± 0.88 against S. typhi and the least (6.66 ± 0.66) against E. coli. For 3.0 x 108 cfu/ml density, the highest zone of inhibition was 35.33 ± 0.88 against S. typhi and the least was 9.66 ± 1.66 against coli. Statistical analysis revealed significant difference (P<0.05) in the antimicrobial activity of three different densities of Lactobacillus against the tested bacterial isolates. Results of sanitizing activity of L.plantarum against S.aureus revealed 3.52 Log10cfu/ml reduction after 24hours of storage. Conclusively, Lactobacillus plantarum could be employed as a biopreservative in stored melon drink.
Assesement of Parasitic Contamination of Water from Different Sources in Dutsin-Ma Local Government Area, Katsina State
Authors: Maryam Sada Abdullahi  , Umar Lawar  , Bashir Abdulkadir
Published: October 2023

Parasitic water borne diseases have become a source of concern to the people due to continued contamination of water from different sources as a result of human activities. This study was carried out to assess the parasitic contamination of water sources in Dutsin-ma Local Government Area, Katsina State Nigeria. A cross sectional study was conducted using 204 water samples collected from various water sources and processed by centrifugation, Calcium carbonate floatation and modified Ziehl Nelson techniques before microscopy. Among the samples examined, pond water had the highest contamination (100%), followed by Dam (63.3%), well (22.9%), tap (10%) and boreholes (0%). The major parasitic protozoans detected from the samples in their cystic form are E. histolytica and G. lamblia with mean prevalence of 13.7% and 7.8% respectively. The prevalence of of E. histolytica and G. lambia in the dry season was 8.8% and 6.9% respectively. While that of the wet season was 18.6% and 8.8% respectively. The results of this study indicate the need for continuous monitoring and protection of water sources against waterborne parasites and people should be encouraged to inculcate the habit of consuming treated water to reduce the chances of contracting the diseases.
The Effect of Glyphosate Harbicide on Soil Fungi
Authors: Bashir, M.  , Isa, H.  , Adamu, M. K.
Published: October 2023

Glyphosate herbicide is one of the herbicide used throughout the world and they are very important to agriculture. Despite the role of glyphosate herbicide to agriculture, they also posed direct or indirect threats to the health of humans and also to the nature and survival of soil microorganisms. This study was carried out to determine the effect of glyphosate herbicide on soil fungi. Enumeration of fungal population in the soil samples before and after treatment was carried out. The fungal count was found to be 2.8x103cfu/g before the treatment with glyphosate herbicide and the number continue to decrease up to 0.4x103cfu/g in the 15day of glyphosate herbicide treatment. The fungal population decreased upon treatment with glyphosate herbicide when compared to the control i.e. the untreated soil sample. Glyphosate herbicide causes greater reduction in fungal count because the fungal populations decreased gradually and complete disappearance of some species after 6 days of treatment and continue to decrease up to 15 days after treatment. Soil fungi were isolated from the soil before the application of glyphosate herbicide; they include A. niger, A. flavus, Penicillium spp., Microsporium spp. Trychophyton spp. upon application of glyphosate herbicide, not all the fungi isolated before treatment survive the effect of glyphosate herbicide. The most frequently isolated fungi that survive up to 15 days of treatment is Aspergillus species (A. flavus and A. niger) while Microsporium spp., Trychophyton spp. and Penicillium spp. disappeared completely after 9 days of treatment.
Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii among Children Attending Selected Schools in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal, S.M.  , Shitu, S.  , Hussaini, I.M.
Published: October 2023

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection of both humans and animals and has a worldwide distribution. A total of 300 blood samples were collected from school children in Kaduna state. The sera were screened for Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibodies by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The seropositive samples were screened for T. gondii specific B1 gene. Out of the 300 blood samples screened for Toxoplasma IgM antibody, 108 (36.0%) were positive while 50 (16.67%) were seropositive for the Toxoplasma IgG antibody. So also 24 (8.0%) samples were seropositive for ToxoplasmaIgG+IgM antibodies. B1 gene specific forT. gondiiwas detected by PCRin the ELISA positive samples.This confirms the presence of the parasite among the school children in Kaduna state.
Hypoglycemia and Anemia Associated with Malaria among Pregnant Mothers living with HIV attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State-Nigeria
Authors: Sani, N. M.  , Mukhtar, A. U.  , Mohammed, Y.
Published: October 2023

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Malaria each interact with the host immune system, resulting in complex activation of immune cells. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients are predisposed to severe malaria with marked reduction of CD4 cells count and increase in plasma viral load. An assessment was carried out to examine the relationship between hypoglycemia, HIV infection and malaria prevalence in pregnant mothers as well as parasitemia in relation to severity of infection. A hospital based case-control study was carried out. Screening was done at the antenatal and ART clinics, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital through routine voluntary and confidential HIV testing. After obtaining ethical approval, a total of 200 HIV positive and equivalent numbers of HIV negative pregnant mothers were selected from whom socio-demographic and biomedical data was collected using structured Questionnaire. Blood samples were aseptically collected in an EDTA container. Blood smears (Thick and thin) for malaria screening, Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Blood Glucose Level were systematically performed using standard procedure. The results were analyzed using Microsoft excel and OpenEpi statistical software version 2.3 and p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Malaria prevalence was 141(70.5%) in HIV positive and 110(55.0%) in HIV negative clients. The severity of infection was 41(29.1%) and 5(4.5%) in HIV positive and HIV negative respectively with significant difference (p <0.05).Cases of hypoglycemia ( Blood glucose level ≤ 2.2mmol/L) were observed to be higher among the malaria positive in both the HIV positive and HIV negative clients (100%). There was no significant difference with the severity of infection (p>0.05).The higher prevalence of severe malaria infection among HIV positive clients obtained in this study reveals that HIV positive pregnant mothers had clear evidence of greater exposure to severe malaria in this study area. Therefore strategies to reduce the severity of malaria during pregnancy should be reinforced especially in area of high HIV prevalence by both governmental and non-governmental agencies.
Evaluation of the Prophylactic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Ricinus communis L. against Plasmodium berghei in Mice
Authors: Liadi, Y.M.  , Abdulhamid, A.  , Sulaiman S.K  , Umar, L
Published: October 2023

The continuous quest to annihilate the scourge of malaria parasites and the need for exploration of new drugs for the ever endemic killer disease opens the way for continued research. In the present study, ethanolic extract of Ricinus communis leaves was evaluated for possible antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei (NK65) infections in mice. Prophylactic antimalarial activity of the extract was investigated to determine the efficacy of the extract. Phytochemical screening of the extract was conducted with the view to elucidating the feasible mechanism of the antimalarial potentials. It was established from our findings that 141.42mg/kg was the acute oral toxicity (LD50) of the ethanolic extract of Ricinus communis in mice. Consequently, three doses of the extract (10mg/kg, 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg) were prepared. A remarkable antimalarial activity was portrayed by the three doses of the extract with 10mg/kg dose having the highest percentage suppression of 58.7%. Result of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of chemical compounds noted for their antiplasmodial activities such as alkaloids and flavonoids. The leaves extract of Ricinus communis thus possess antimalarial activity. It is therefore recommended for consideration in further researches on new anti-malarial drug development.
Pengaruh Country of Origin dan Brand Image terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Iphone di Fakultas Ekonomi Kampus Palembang Universitas Sriwijaya
Authors: Azzahra Nafinka , Putri Yulia Hamdaini , Maulana Ahmad
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of Country Of Origin and Brand Image on iPhone product purchasing decisions. The research method used is a quantitative method. The data used in this research is primary data. The sampling technique uses a non-probability sampling technique. The samples studied in this study were 100 respondents who were active students of the Faculty of Economics, Palembang Campus, Sriwijaya University. Based on the statistical t test conducted, it can be concluded that the country of origin variable partially has a significant effect on the decision to purchase an iPhone as indicated by a significance value of 0.007 <0.05. Based on the statistical t-test conducted, it can be concluded that the brand image variable partially has a significant effect on the decision to purchase an iPhone as indicated by a significance value of 0.002 <0.05. Based on the simultaneous f test, a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 was obtained, so it can be concluded that country of origin and brand image as a whole have a significant effect on iPhone purchasing decisions. The magnitude of the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable is 37.7%, the remaining 62.3% is influenced by other variables outside the research.Keywords: Author Guidelines; Journal Al-Kharaj; Article Templates.

Keywords : Country Of Origin, Brand Image, Purchase Decision
Pembentukan IPTLTTS (Instalasi Pengelolaan Lumpur Tinja Terpadu Syariah) di MSAA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Authors: Islam Ma’riful , Muhari Muhammad Dheo Adrian , Ardyga Ibrahim , Al-Haq Syaif
Published: October 2023

UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang annually accepts approximately 3,600 new students and is required to enter Ma'had Sunan Ampel Al-'Aly. Having Ma'had is certainly a challenge for the State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang in terms of the domestic waste management system for female students, especially wastewater that comes from biological waste such as latrines, in the form of human excrement, and other waste in the form of liquid (black water). . The results of this study show environmental and economic problems with the settlement of 3,600 will produce 1.08 tons of fecal waste with an average breakdown per day each student emits 300 grams of black water waste and multiplied by the number of female students, namely 3,600. The amount of fecal waste produced will cause social, health, environmental and economic problems in the area of ​​UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, besides having its own potential if it is managed with a good and correct governance system. The establishment of IPLTTS, which was initiated by researchers, is believed to be a solution to existing environmental and economic problems. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach and uses library research and field research in collecting data.            

Keywords: IPLTTS; Dormitory; Feces.
Pengaruh Pemasaran Media Sosial terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Somethinc di Kota Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Sabathini Graciella , Nofiawaty Nofiawaty , Putri Yulia Hamdaini
Published: October 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of social media marketing on purchasing decisions at Somethinc in South Tangerang City. This study is quantitative research with a survey method. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling towards society in South Tangerang City. Data was collected through a questionnaire via google form for 100 respondents. This research used simultaneous tests (F-test), partial tests (T-test), and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed social media marketing has a significant effect on purchasing decisions. Content creation, connecting, and community building partially effect purchasing decisions. Content sharing partially has no effect on purchasing decisions. Connecting has a dominant influence on the purchasing decision of Something in South Tangerang City.

Keywords: social media marketing, purchase decisions
Pengaruh EPS, DPS, PBV, dan DER Terhadap Harga Saham(Closing Price) PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. Periode 2015-2022
Authors: Solekah Tutut Fitrotus , Erdkhadifa Rendra
Published: October 2023

Fast Moving Consumer Goods menjadi salah satu sumber dalam mewujudkan investasi dengan sumber utama dari produk kebutuhan sehari-hari, seperti makanan, minuman, produk rumah tangga, dan produk kecantikan. Namun, ternyata beberapa waktu terakhir harga saham PT. Unilever Indonesia justru mengalami penurunan yang sangat signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh EPS, DPS, PBV dan DER terhadap harga saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data sekunder yang diambil dari laporan keuangan PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk periode 2015-2022. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda menggunakan eviews. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial variabel EPS tidak berpengaruh positif  terhadap harga saham. Sedangkan variabel DPS, PBV dan DER berpengaruh terhadap harga saham. Hasil secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa varaiabel EPS, DPS, PBV dan DER mempunyai pengaruh terhadap harga saham.
Pengaruh Pendapatan, Pinjaman, Literasi Ekonomi, dan Gaya Hidup terhadap Pengeluaran Konsumsi Rumah Tangga di Desa Mojosari Kecamatan Kras Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Yulita Nuralif Nanda , Manunggal Syafrudin Arif Marah
Published: October 2023

This research aimed to determine the effect of income, loans, economic literacy, and lifestyle on household consumption expenditure in Mojosari Village Kras District Kediri Regency. The research sample consisted of 94 households in Mojosari Village using the Slovin technique. This research used multiple linear regression analysis with a dummy variable in SPSS 20. The results explained that income and loans partially had a significant effect on household consumption expenditure, while economic literacy and lifestyle partially had no significant effect on household consumption expenditure in Mojosari Village Kras District Kediri Regency. Income, loans, economic literacy, and lifestyle simultaneously had a significant effect on household consumption expenditure in Mojosari Village Kras District Kediri Regency.
Pengaruh Gaya Hidup, Label Halal dan Kesadaran Halal terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Coffee Shop
Authors: Nuha Buja Lizammin , Anwar Moch Khoirul
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the results of research on the influence of lifestyle, halal labels, and halal awareness on Coffee Shop purchasing decisions in Islamic Students of Surabaya State University. This study used descriptive quantitative methods through a sample of 80 students. The distribution of questionnaires was carried out by means of Likert scales on lifestyle, halal labels, and halal awareness. This study used multiple regression analysis using instrument data tests, classical assumption tests and hypothesis tests using t tests, f tests and coefficient of determination (r2) tests. The results of this study explain that partially the variables of lifestyle and halal awareness have a positive and significant influence on the variables tied to purchasing decisions, while the variables of halal labels do not have a positive and insignificant effect on variables bound to purchasing decisions. Then simultaneously lifestyle variables, halal labels, and halal awareness have a positive and significant influence on variables tied to purchasing decisions. The results of the coefficient of determination test (R Square) found that lifestyle, halal labels, and halal awareness had a simultaneous influence of 65.1% on Coffee Shop purchasing decisions in Islamic Students of Surabaya State University.

Keywords: lifestyle; halal label; halal awareness; purchasing decision; coffee shop.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Karyawan dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. M
Authors: Mulya Galardia Orva , Tuhagana Aji , Handayani Dwi Epty
Published: October 2023

Human resources are an important part of the business, so companies provide opportunities to develop the potential of their human resources to maximize employee performance, to be able to create maximum employee performance cannot be separated from the competencies possessed and work environment conditions in an organization where to work. The research was conducted to determine the effect of employee competence (X1) and work environment (X2) on employee performance (Y) at PT. M. Quantitative methods were used in this study with multiple regression analysis and using SPSS 24 for data processing, primary data sources were obtained by distributing questionnaires to employees of PT. M. The population selected for the study were all employees of PT. M totaling 230 with a sample of 146 employees using the Slovin formula used as a sampling technique. The results obtained are that there is a partial effect of employee competence on the performance of PT. M employees of 0.372 or 37.2%, there is a partial effect of the work environment on the performance of PT. M employees of 0.523 (52.3%) and there is a simultaneous effect of employee competence and work environment on the performance of PT. M employees of 0.663 (66.3%) and the remaining 33.7% are influenced by other variables.
Resiliensi Remaja Korban Kekerasan Seksual di Kota Langsa
Authors: Syahputra Raju M Akbar , Siregar Mawardi
Published: October 2023

This is a new author's manual and a template for As-Syar’i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga. Sexual violence can occur from various circles, including toddlers, children, adolescents and adults. The impact of sexual violence causes various psychological, physical and social problems. Adolescents are more susceptible to sexual violence because of unstable thinking and influencing relationships. One of the provinces that is ranked as prone to sexual harassment is Aceh. According to the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) Aceh recorded cases of sexual violence against women in this region from January to September 2021 reached 697 cases. Even though they have been treated by various parties, there are still victims who feel ashamed, afraid and they often lock themselves in the house, tend to withdraw from their environment, there are also those who are able to be active again in their previous activities, and they consider the traumatic experience to be a traumatic experience. they experienced before is one of life's lessons. The purpose of this study is to see a picture of the resilience of adolescents who are victims of sexual violence. This study took the subject of the category of teenagers who experienced sexual violence. The study used in-depth, semi-structured interviews with coding analysis. The results show that the subject in the process of resilience is influenced by factors, namely social support, finding solutions to problems, self-regulation, strength of character and optimism. The conclusion of the study is that it is able to show the process of resilience and what factors affect resilience in victims of sexual violence.

Keywords: Resilience, Adolescents, Sexual Harassment
Pengaruh Karakter Siswa dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Kompetensi Belajar Akidah Akhlak Siswa Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Afriyanti Diah Nur , Saepudin Saepudin , Suryahim Iim , Setiawati Yanti Hasbian
Published: October 2023

The background of this research is that there is still no effective competence to learn morality because competence is knowledge, skills, and abilities that have become part of one's self. The objective of this research is to know the positive influence of student character on the competence of learning in academia, to understand the positive impact of learning motivation on competence, and to know the positive impact of the character of students on the motivation of learning. This research method uses quantitative research with the partial least squares (PLS) approach and structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample is 150 students and using simple random sampling tecnict. The results of the study were positive and statistically significant for the direct influence of student character on the learning competence, Learning motivation has a direct positive and statistically significant influence on the learning competence, positive and statistically significant for the direct influence of student character on learning motivation. The result of the calculation of the path coefficient (Path Coefisien) was the equation KB = 0.898 KS + 0.389 MB, which means that the competence of learning in academia of 56.7% can be explained by the character of the student and 38.9% by the learning motivation variable with a constellation value of 0.898. The results of the data analysis show a value = R-square adjusted of 0.931, which means that 93.1% of the variation of the endogenous variable of learning competence can be explained by the exogenic variables of student character and learning motivation, when the remaining 6.9% is explained by variations of change not included in this model.

 Keywords: student character, learning motivation, learning competence
Peran Public Relations Dalam Implementasi Program CSR PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Cahayani Fitrania Yunsafa , Amalia Diana
Published: October 2023

PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk SIG as the largest cement producing company in Indonesia which is shaded by BUMN. This study aims to determine the public relations strategy of PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, through its corporate social responsibility (CSR) program in maintaining the company's image. In maintaining the company's image, public relations communicates CSR programs that have been implemented through internal and external media. This study uses the concept of public relations, public relations strategy, image, CSR and communication as the approach used in knowing the GIS public relations strategy in maintaining the company's image. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that in analyzing the strategy in maintaining the company's image through CSR programs, which go through four stages of the public relations process, namely: finding the facts and defining the problem, planning and programming, action and communication, and evaluation. In this strategy stage, packaging communication through media is attractive and easy for the public to access so that it can maintain a positive image in the eyes of the public and stakeholders.

Keywords: Public Relations, CSR, Communication, Image..