bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enantioselectivity in Metabolism and Toxicity of 6PPD-Quinone in Salmonids
Authors: Li Rui , Barrett Holly , Nair Pranav , Wang Minghua , Xie Linna , Peng Hui
Published: November 2024

The toxicity of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone (6PPD-Q) in salmonids has been found to be sensitive to even minor structural changes on its alkyl side chain. Inspired by this, we herein isolated the enantiomers of 6PPD-Q and tested their in vitro metabolism in liver S9 of rainbow trout (O. mykiss), along with their toxicity in a coho salmon (O. kisutch) embryo (CSE-119) cell line. (R)-6PPD-Q was found to be rapidly metabolized in rainbow trout liver S9 with a half-life (t1/2) of 12.3 minutes, which was 2.92 times faster than that of (S)-6PPD-Q. This was further evidenced by the preferential formation of an (R)-aryl-OH-6PPD-Q metabolite. Supporting this, enantioselective accumulation of (S)-6PPD-Q was found in rainbow trout in vivo. To further distinguish between kinetics and intrinsic toxicity, we tested the toxicity of 6PPD-Q enantiomers in the CSE-119 cell line with minimal metabolism of 6PPD-Q. (R)-6PPD-Q was found to strongly induce cytotoxicity in CSE-119 cells with an IC50 of 17.7 µg/L, which was 3.94 times stronger than that of (S)-6PPD-Q. In summary, this study reported the enantioselectivity in both the toxicity and metabolism of 6PPD-Q, demonstrating that its toxicity should be mediated by specific protein binding.
Association Kinetics for Perfluorinated n-Alkyl Radicals
Authors: Ram Hrishikesh , Georgievskii Yuri , Elliott Sarah , Klippenstein Stephen
Published: November 2024

Radical-radical reaction channels are important in the pyrolysis and oxidation chemistry of perfluoroalkyl substances. In particular, unimolecular dissociation reactions within unbranched n-perfluoroalkyl chains, and their corresponding reverse barrierless association reactions, are expected to be significant contributors to the gas-phase thermal decomposition of families of species such as perfluorinated carboxylic acids and perfluorinated sulfonic acids. Unfortunately, experimental data for these reactions is scarce and uncertain. Furthermore, obtaining reliable theoretical predictions for such reactions is a laborious and computationally intensive task. In this work, we present state-of-the-art ab initio transition-state-theory-based master-equation calculations examining the chemical kinetics of the various association/decomposition reactions producing/decomposing the C2 − C4 series of unbranched n-perfluoroalkanes (C2F6, C3F8, and C4F10). The variable-reaction-coordinate transition-state theory (VRCTST) formalism is employed in computing the microcanonical and canonical rates for the association reactions. Reaction thermochemistry is obtained via composite quantum chemistry calculations and the laddering of error-cancelling reaction schemes via a connectivity-based hierarchy approach employing ANL1/ANL0-style reference energies. Lennard-Jones collision model parameters for the considered systems were estimated by a direct dynamics approach, and collisional energy transfer parameters were obtained from analogies to systems of similar size and heavy-atom connectivity. A one-dimensional master equation approach was used to convert the microcanonical rate coefficients from the VRC-TST analysis into temperature- and pressure-dependent rate constants for the association reactions and the reverse dissociation reactions. The data are reported in standardized formats for usage in comprehensive chemical kinetic models for PFAS thermal destruction.
Structural Engineering of Cyanine Dyes to Access Highly Redshifted and Emissive J-aggregates
Authors: Williams Jillian , Bailey Austin , Pengshung Monica , Deshmukh Arundhati , Garcia Cesar , Cao John , Li Barry , Bradbury Nadine , Wright Alexandra , Chuang Chern , Neuhauser Daniel , Sletten Ellen , Caram Justin
Published: November 2024

Molecular design of two-dimensional (2D) and tubular excitonic aggregates would enable access to extraordinary and unusual photophysical properties via control over supramolecular structure. Here, we synthesize four heptamethine cyanines that enable a rational investigation of the role of steric bulk on aggregate self-assembly, morphology and photophysics. Despite near identical monomer photophysics, minute changes to structure and solvation lead to extreme differences in resultant J-aggregate morphology and photophysics. Additional steric bulk not only redshifts aggregate absorption, but also alters the kinetics/thermodynamics of self-assembly, yielding a variety of connected morphological supramolecular phases. We employ cryo-electron and atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering and computational screening to characterize 3-4 2D/tubular J-aggregates for each dye, enabling us to predict the monomer packing arrangements. Differentiating and tuning each unique morphology demonstrates approaches to structurally engineer highly redshifted molecular 2D molecular aggregates via synthetic design, achieving extramolecular control over their photophysics.
Topology-Guided Construction of Three-Dimensional, π-d Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Chong Sanggyu , Kim Jihan
Published: November 2024

π-d conjugated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a unique class of materials that combine permanent porosity with electrical conductivity, making them ideal candidate materials for various electrochemical applications. To date, however, majority of the π-d conjugated MOFs are two-dimensional, and their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts, which are more advantageous in achieving well-defined porosity and structural diversity, remain scarce. In this work, we present π-d PORMAKE, a software that enables the topology-guided construction of new 3D π–d conjugated MOFs. The software accurately accounts for the distinct coordination environments of π-d conjugated MOFs, particularly those that give rise to non-planar 3D structures. Leveraging π–d PORMAKE, we explore various combinations of redox-active MOF components in different topologies to construct 171 MOFs, each exhibiting significant porosity and π-d conjugated CT pathways for conductivity. By analyzing these MOFs, we derive essential design principles that can expedite the discovery of new 3D π-d conjugated MOFs better tailored for the electrochemical applications of interest.
Advancements in Biocompatible Materials for Enhanced Medical Implants
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, Sathik Muhammadu , G Nirsandh ,   PG Scholar,  Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA, M Subatheesan ,   PG Scholar, Dept of Medical Electronics, Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, INDIA
Published: November 2024

The incessant evolution of implantable medical devices necessitates parallel advancements in biocompatible materials to ensure optimal compatibility with the complex physiological milieu. This research addresses the critical need for improved biocompatible materials by exploring novel compositions and fabrication techniques. The study aims to enhance the performance and longevity of implantable medical devices, mitigating adverse tissue responses and fostering seamless integration within the biological system. Employing advanced material science principles, the investigation seeks to unravel the intricacies of biocompatibility, focusing on cellular response, inflammation, and long-term stability. The outcome promises to propel the field of implantable medical devices by contributing robust materials that transcend current limitations, fostering safer and more efficacious biomedical interventions.
Neurocognitive and Neuromuscular Rehabilitation Techniques after ACL Injury, Part 1: Optimizing Recovery in the Acute Post-Operative Phase- A Clinical Commentary
Authors: Wilk Kevin E. , Ivey Morgan , Thomas Zachary M. , Lupowitz Lewis
Published: November 2024

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates are on the rise, despite improved surgical techniques and prevention programs. While traditional rehabilitation emphasizes the restoration of motion, strength, and physical performance, emerging research highlights the importance of addressing neurocognitive deficits that can persist after injury. These deficits, including altered proprioception, impaired motor control and muscle recruitment, as well as heightened reliance on visual feedback, can significantly increase the risk of re-injury and impede return to sport. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to outline a proposed comprehensive approach to rehabilitation that challenges the neurocognitive system to optimize rehabilitation outcomes and reduce reinjury risk. Thus, this clinical commentary discusses the rationale for integrating neurocognitive training into all phases of ACLR rehabilitation, from initial injury to eight weeks post-surgery. It details the neurophysiological changes caused by ACL injury and presents evidence supporting the use of exercises that challenge visual attention, decision-making, and motor planning. A comprehensive rehabilitation framework incorporating both physical and neurocognitive components is proposed, aiming to improve long-term outcomes and reduce re-injury risk.

Level of Evidence: 5
A Study on the Effectiveness of English Debate Competitions as a Language Learning Aid
Authors: Yao Xiaochao
Published: November 2024

English debate competitions have gained widespread attention as an innovative language learning tool in recent years. This study explores the impact of English debate on learners’ listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills, as well as their critical thinking and teamwork abilities. Using empirical research methods such as surveys, interviews, and performance evaluations, this study finds that participation in English debates not only improves students’ English proficiency but also significantly enhances their ability to think critically and collaborate effectively. By integrating recent literature, the research further examines the actual impact of English debate competitions on language learning and their application in educational contexts.
Application of Case-based Learning in Respiratory Medicine Nursing Education
Authors: Nie Junying , Li Ying , Zhang Xiangli , Gao Ying
Published: November 2024

Objective: To explore the application effects of case-based learning in respiratory medicine nursing education. Methods: 60 nursing interns in the respiratory medicine department of our hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 30 students in each group. The control group adopted traditional teaching methods, while the observation group adopted case-based learning based on traditional teaching methods. The differences in theoretical knowledge, operational skills, clinical thinking ability, and learning interest between the two groups were compared. Results: The scores of theoretical knowledge, operational skills, clinical thinking ability, and learning interest of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The satisfaction score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Case-based learning can effectively improve the teaching effect of respiratory medicine nursing, cultivate students’ comprehensive abilities, and is worthy of promotion and application.
TikTok Live Streaming as a Digital Marketing Communication Media
Authors: Abadi Totok Wahyu , Ivoniasari Oky
Published: November 2024

This research aims to analyze the digital marketing communication strategies carried out by influencers via TikTok Live Streaming. The basic concept used in this research is the SOSTAC Model of Digital Marketing Theory from PR Smith. This type of qualitative descriptive research uses as many as five informants who own TikTok accounts. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews and observations of each informant's TikTok Live Streaming. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The research results showed that TikTok Live Streaming was used as a digital marketing communication medium. This feature makes it easier for consumers to get product information. Influencers play an important role in TikTok Live Streaming regarding consumer behavior, purchasing decisions, and purchase intentions. Influencers can build relationships with consumers, especially for businesses targeting millennial customers, while social media is used to encourage product engagement and brand loyalty. Influencers have credibility and understanding regarding the products of the brand they are communicating with. When doing live streaming, influencers need a strategy, tactics, action, and control to reach the target market more quickly. Digital marketing communication strategies can increase communication messages' effectiveness and help achieve communication goals.
Communication Management Strategy in Implementing Recognition of Prior Learning to Enhance Village Officers' Competence in Indonesia
Authors: Dharmawan Awang , Lolita Yuri
Published: November 2024

The State University of Surabaya (UNESA), the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration, and the Bojonegoro Regency Government initiated an RPL program collaboration, offering opportunities to all village officials in Bojonegoro Regency who have not yet obtained a bachelor's degree to have their various experiences and work portfolios assessed against the learning outcomes of courses in higher education. This RPL program, specifically for village officials, is the first of its kind in Indonesia. So, it encourages researchers to use case study research methods. This research discusses the importance of communication management, as many actors and institutions within UNESA are responsible for implementing this RPL collaboration. The students from village officials studying at the undergraduate level in five study programs selected by UNESA. UNESA's communication management in managing RPL is evident in the inter-institutional communication content that regulates their respective duties and functions, so these institutions structurally have a coordinating function and are responsible to the Rector. The communication flow between institutions within UNESA is formally regulated, and its channels are written. Conversely, in the classroom between lecturers and RPL students, communication management is more equal in community service and joint research programs.
Silencing the Guns: African Traditional Proverbs and Aphorisms for Peace and Security in 21st Century Africa
Authors: Adepoju Adewale , Emmanuel Akintona , Audu Jamiu
Published: November 2024

Africa is yet entangled with some Western modernity responsible for their political crises and incessant insecurity. Insecurity in Africa has historical roots from pre-colonial to post-colonial periods. The continent's hosting of the seventh United Nations Peace Support mission and over 60 percent of the UN Security Council's agenda addresses African insecurity underscore the urgent need to tackle these challenges. This paper examines insecurity in Africa and advocates for reviving African traditional methods to restore peace, utilizing proverbs and wisdom. Through analysis, criticism, and prescription, it explores the inherent insecurity problems and argues that African proverbs offer valuable insights for fostering unity. The study compares Western crisis resolution methods with African approaches, concluding that traditional African means are a more effective alternative. It highlights Africa as a potential solution to its own insecurity while recognizing the benefits of Western methods. The paper concluded that Africa has strong indigenous values and security systems capable of addressing insecurity even before colonialism. The paper recommended that African traditional security outfits are more efficient and better considered as alternative measures to solving the problems of peace and insecurity in Africa rather than adopting the Western war-war method.
Association between parental physical activity and motor skills in their preschool children
Authors:   University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Vukelja Maja , Gudelj Simunovic Danijela ,   University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Salaj Sanja ,   University of Zagreb Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: November 2024

Young children often observe and emulate the actions of adults, whom they look up to as role models. Considering that parents have an influence on their children at an early age, the aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the physical activity of parents and the motor skills of their children of preschool age. The study included 1212 boys and girls and their parents (N=2287) from Croatia. Parents completed the “Single item physical activity” questionnaire (SIPA) for research purposes which assessed their physical activity. Preschool children were tested with “Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency - Second Edition” (BOT-2) and “Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition” (TGMD-2), which assessed their motor skills. Multinomial regression analysis showed a significant association between paternal physical activity and score in the TGMD-2 of their children. It is up to parents to encourage their children in physical activity, and thus the development of motor skills. In this way, children will create healthy habits and have a greater chance of being active throughout their lives.
Assessing the Role of Social Studies Curricula in Enhancing Tourism Awareness among High School Students: A Student Perspective
Authors: AlAli Rommel Mahmoud , Al-Barakat Ali Ahmad
Published: November 2024

Tourism awareness plays a pivotal role in promoting cultural understanding and supporting economic growth, especially in regions with rich heritage and tourism potential. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of social studies curricula in fostering tourism awareness among high school students in the Irbid region of northern Jordan. The research addresses the problem of limited integration of tourism-related topics within the existing curricula, which tend to prioritize general knowledge over specialized subjects such as sustainable tourism and cultural diversity. A total of 979 students were randomly selected to participate in the study, and data were gathered using a structured survey designed to assess how well the curricula promote tourism awareness. The research employed a quantitative approach to examine relationships between tourism awareness and variables such as gender, residence, and academic achievement. The results showed significant gaps in the curricula, with minimal focus on hands-on learning experiences like field trips or interactive projects, leading to generally low levels of tourism awareness among students. Furthermore, the lack of career guidance related to tourism hinders students from exploring potential tourism-related career paths. There were no significant differences in tourism awareness based on gender, residence, or academic performance. The study concludes by recommending a comprehensive revision of the social studies curricula to include more specialized tourism concepts, practical learning opportunities, and career exploration activities. Such changes would enhance students’ understanding of the tourism industry and its importance, preparing them for future roles in this sector.
Mathematics Teachers’ Experiences of Using Online Teaching Resources for Professional Learning in a Context of Disadvantage
Authors: Mhlongo Siphelele , Ndlovu Mdutshekelwa , Chirinda Brantina
Published: November 2024

This interpretative phenomenological study adopted the Community of Inquiry framework to explore 30 South African teachers’ experiences of the effectiveness of Grade 9 online mathematics teaching resources. A survey questionnaire with open-ended questions and a semi-structured interview guide were used to obtain data on the teachers' experiences. Data were analysed using an inductive thematic coding approach. The findings were that the teachers positively experienced the efficacy of online teaching materials for their professional development in terms of cognitive, social, teaching and learning presences. Using WhatsApp groups to share and discuss the online materials enhanced a common identity (social presence), deep engagement with the mathematical and pedagogical content knowledge of the materials (cognitive presence), (peer) teaching and (peer) learning from one another via WhatsApp (social media) chat groups (teaching and cognitive presences) that collectively eased curriculum implementation and enhanced student learning. However, limited facilitator teaching presence and limited internet access for both teachers and learners constrained the platform's benefits. Participating teachers reported spending at least three hours per week searching for online teaching resources, sometimes fruitlessly, indicating a need for more digital literacy training. The study makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the potential benefits of online resources for teaching complex mathematics topics such as fractions and familiarity with the obstacles that need to be overcome. The more teachers and students turn to online resources, the more the findings of this study can inform the development of such resources to improve mathematics learning outcomes for schools in contexts of disadvantage.
Metacognitive Functioning in Students with Learning Disabilities or Difficulties: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Noureddine Bouargane , abdellah Barebzi , Mohammed Raji , Mohammed Zeriouh , Jamal El Azmy , Amine Khadraoui
Published: November 2024

Dealing with the particularities of learners with learning disabilities or difficulties requires an understanding of the metacognitive functioning of these subjects. The aim of this work is to summarise the studies dealing with metacognitive functioning in students with learning disabilities or difficulties. For this reason, this research applied the systematic literature review method with the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis) protocol. The research stages included identification, selection, eligibility and inclusion, so that studies must be indexed by Scopus between 2018 and 2023 and focus on metacognition in learners with learning disabilities or difficulties, the selection was carried out in two phases; an assessment of titles and abstracts, followed by a full analysis of the texts. The results reveal significant metacognitive disparities between students with learning disabilities and their typically developing peers. They use more surface strategies and fewer self-regulatory strategies, attach less importance to mastery, and avoid performance for fear of failure. They also have difficulty organising information, which affects their motivation. Interventions including cognitive and metacognitive strategies, techniques such as virtual reality and specific teaching improve learners’ ability to detect errors, self-regulate and develop essential skills in mathematics, reading and other areas. Future research should further explore these interventions to better understand their impact, taking into account aspects such as motivation and using rigorous methodological tools.
Learning Approaches of First-Year University Students: A mixed-method study in Chile
Authors: Díaz Joel Alfonso Parra , Vidal Fabián Andrés Muñoz , Alves Regina , Garcia Nelia Margarita Rodriguez
Published: November 2024

In Chile, the low retention rates among first-year university students are an issue of concern. Additionally, the sustained growth in enrolment in higher education poses challenges for universities due to inequalities in the students' basic and secondary education, increasing the risk of dropout. This study analysed the learning approaches among first-year students in English and Physical Education at three universities in the La Araucanía region and their impact on academic performance and retention rates. The research was carried out using a mixed methodological design, with a quantitative predominance of sequential order QUANT-qual with three phases, starting with a questionnaire to identify learning approaches, complemented with semi-structured interviews with students and concluding with the triangulation of the results obtained in the first and second phases. In the first phase 114 students participated, 46 males and 68 females, and in the second phase 10 students participated, 4 males and 6 females. The results indicated that participants adopted a deep learning approach with a prevalence of moderate intensity. A superficial learning approach correlates with university retention rates, but there is no significant relationship between learning approaches and academic performance. Qualitative findings showed that deep motivation and superficial learning strategies continuously influence participants when they face academic demands.
Comics as Engaging Tools for Teaching Geography
Authors: Mahat Hanifah , Silamat Edlyn Angie , Saleh Yazid , Nayan Nasir
Published: November 2024

An educational comic is a graphic work that creates various characters focused on scientific elements as an approach to classroom learning. This study aimed to develop comics as a geography learning module for form four students on river formation and sustainability. This study employs two approaches: questionnaires for the quantitative method and document analysis for the qualitative method. The study analyzed two key documents: geography textbooks and the Curriculum Standard Documents and Assessment (DSKP). Distributing the questionnaire allowed the expert to validate and provide feedback on the applicability of comics. The analysis uses the content validity index (CVI) to evaluate content validity, while descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation) was used to test the applicability of comics. The study showed that the five experts’ CVI analysis of module content, teaching design, and technical requirements is high. Findings showed that the comics’ level of applicability is high and can be used as teaching aids during the teaching and learning process in geography lessons. The implications of the study of comics produced enable geography teachers to diversify the construction of comics in other topics, according to DSKP Geography.
The Impact of Virtual Reality on Programming Algorithm Courses on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Dewi Ika Parma , Ambiyar Ambiyar , Effendi Hansi , Giatman Muhammad , Hanafi Hafizul Fahri , Ali Siti Khadijah
Published: November 2024

The low learning outcomes of students and the limitations of learning media provide opportunities to develop innovations that can increase student engagement. One form of innovative and interactive media that supports student engagement is VR technology. This study aims to determine the impact of VR compared to traditional learning in improving student learning outcomes on programming algorithm materials. The method applied was a quasi-experimental design through pretest and posttest. The population in this study consists of six classes. Through random sampling techniques, class A was selected as the control class with 19 students and class B as the experimental class with 16 students. In the control class, students apply traditional learning, while the experimental class uses VR-based learning. The data was processed with the Wilcoxon test to see the improvement of learning outcomes in each class and the Mann-Whitney test to compare results in both classes. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a score of sig (2tailed)<0.05 in both classes which showed that traditional learning and learning with VR encouraged improved student learning outcomes. Traditional learning scores increased from 53 to 67, while group scores. Meanwhile, the results of the Mann-Whitney test showed a score of sig (2tailed)<0.05 which means that the effectiveness of VR is better in improving learning outcomes than traditional learning. Therefore, learning with VR effectively improves student learning outcomes on programming algorithm materials. Other researchers can conduct further research to explore and investigate the impact of VR on health and the use of remote learning.
Is “The Earlier, The Better” for EFL in Saudi Arabia? Insights from Early Grades EFL Teachers at Saudi Primary Schools
Authors: Almanea Manar , Mohsen Mohammad , Mahdi Hassan Saleh
Published: November 2024

In 2021, Saudi state schools introduced mandatory English language instruction starting in the first grade, marking a significant shift in early education. This study explores the perspectives of English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers on the effectiveness of this policy, focusing on students’ overall English proficiency, language acquisition, and cultural skills. It also addresses key challenges teachers face, including the synchronization of learning Standard Arabic with English and adapting curricula for young learners. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, utilizing questionnaires from 86 EFL teachers and follow-up interviews with 14 participants. Through thematic analysis, the study reveals that while teachers generally view early English instruction as beneficial for language development and cultural awareness, challenges such as language interference and age-related learning limitations persist. Teachers emphasized the need for curriculum adjustments, engaging teaching strategies, and enhanced teacher preparation. The findings underscore the need for targeted teacher training and English proficiency reforms to align with broader educational goals.
Lipid content and wastewater treatment potential of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus isolated from Uzuncayır Dam Lake
Authors: Can Şafak Seyhaneyıldız , Can Erkan , Yılmaz Kadir
Published: November 2024

Production of microalgae for biodiesel, one of the alternative renewable energy sources, is costly due to nutrient media. Industrial and domestic wastewater contains nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients that are the primary food source for algae. Releasing this environmentally harmful effluent into receiving bodies of water, such as the sea or a freshwater reservoir, without prior treatment causes serious problems. Combining microalgae cultivation with wastewater treatment is a promising strategy for improving wastewater and reducing the cost of nutrient media required for algae production. In this study, wastewater obtained from a wastewater treatment facility was diluted with clean water to 0.25%, 50%, and 75% concentrations, and Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus were cultured in these nutrient media for 20 days. As a result, microalgae increased their biomass and lipid content, while consuming nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, and ammonium from the wastewater as nutrients.
Enhanced echovirus 11 genomic surveillance in neonatal infections in Spain following a European alert reveals new recombinant forms linked to severe cases, 2019 to 2023
Authors: Fernandez-Garcia Maria Dolores , Garcia-Ibañez Nerea , Camacho Juan , Gutierrez Almudena , Sánchez García Laura , Calvo Cristina , Moreno-Docón Antonio , Menasalvas Ana Isabel , Medina Antonio , Perez-Ruiz Mercedes , Nieto Toboso Maria Carmen , Muñoz-Almagro Carmen , Launes Cristian , Berengua Carla , Cabrerizo María ,   the Spanish study group for Enterovirus and Parechovirus infections (PI22CIII-00035)
Published: November 2024

Background

In 2023, a European alert was issued regarding an increase in severe enterovirus (EV) neonatal infections associated with echovirus 11 (E11) new lineage 1.

Aim

To analyse E11-positive cases between 2019 and 2023 to investigate whether the new lineage 1 circulated in Spain causing severe neonatal infections.

Methods

EV-positive samples from hospitalised cases are sent for typing to the National Reference Enterovirus Laboratory. Available samples from 2022–23 were subjected to metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Results

Of 1,288 samples genotyped, 103 were E11-positive (98 patients: 6 adults, 33 neonates, 89 children under 6 years; male to female ratio 1.9). E11 detection rate was similar before and after detection of the new lineage 1 in Spain in June 2022 (9.7% in 2019 vs 10.6% in 2023). The proportion of E11-infected ICU-admitted neonates in 2019–2022 (2/7) vs 2022–2023 (5/12) did not significantly differ (p = 0.65). In severe neonatal infections, 4/7 E11 strains were not linked to the new lineage 1. The three novel E11 recombinant genomes were associated with severe (n = 2) and non-severe (n = 1) cases from 2022–2023 and clustered outside the new lineage 1. Coinfecting pathogenic viruses were present in four of 10 E11-positive samples.

Conclusion

The emergence of the new lineage 1 is not linked with an increase in incidence or severity of neonatal E11 infections in Spain. The detection of two novel E11 recombinants associated with severe disease warrants enhancing genomic and clinical surveillance.
Effectiveness of the autumn 2023 COVID-19 vaccine dose in hospital-based healthcare workers: results of the VEBIS healthcare worker vaccine effectiveness cohort study, seven European countries, season 2023/24
Authors: Savulescu Camelia , Prats-Uribe Albert , Brolin Kim , Uusküla Anneli , Bergin Colm , Fleming Catherine , Murri Rita , Zvirbulis Viesturs , Zavadska Dace , Gaio Vania , Popescu Corneliu P , Hrisca Raluca , Cisneros Maria , Latorre-Millán Miriam , Lohur Liis , McGrath Jonathan , Ferguson Lauren , De Gaetano Donati Katleen , Abolina Ilze , Gravele Dagne , Machado Ausenda , Florescu Simin-Aysel , Lazar Mihaela , Subirats Pilar , Clusa Cuesta Laura , Sui Jacklyn , Kenny Claire , Santangelo Rosaria , Krievins Dainis , Barzdina Elza Anna , Valadas Henriques Camila , Kosa Alma Gabriela , Pohrib Saftica-Mariana , Muñoz-Almagro Carmen , Milagro Ana , Bacci Sabrina , Nardone Anthony ,   VEBIS HCW VE study group
Published: November 2024

COVID-19 vaccination recommendations include healthcare workers (HCWs). We measured COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (CVE) of the autumn 2023 dose against laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in a prospective cohort study of 1,305 HCWs from 13 European hospitals. Overall CVE was 22% (95% CI: −17 to 48), 49% (95% CI: −8 to 76) before and −11% (95% CI: −84 to 34) after the start of BA.2.86/JN.1 predominant circulation. Autumn 2023 COVID-19 vaccination led to a moderate-to-low reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence in HCWs. Monitoring of CVE is crucial for COVID-19 prevention.
THROUGH THE LENS: PORTRAYAL OF WOMEN JOURNALISTS IN BOLLYWOOD
Authors: Singh Smarika , Suman Swarn
Published: November 2024

This research examines the portrayal of women journalists in Bollywood films, focusing on how gender stereotypes, professional barriers, and societal expectations shape their portrayal. Using Feminist Film Theory as a framework, this study analyzes five Bollywood films—Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani (2000), Lakshya (2004), Page 3 (2005), No One Killed Jessica (2011), and Noor (2017)—to assess how female journalists are characterized, the obstacles they encounter, and the extent to which these portrayals reinforce or challenge traditional views of women in journalism. Key findings reveal that while Bollywood increasingly depicts women journalists as ambitious and capable professionals, they continue to face significant challenges. Gendered expectations limit their roles, often portraying them as secondary to male counterparts or prioritizing personal relationships over career growth. Professional obstacles, including institutional gatekeeping and ethical dilemmas, further highlight the systemic issues female journalists confront. Despite some empowering narratives, Bollywood frequently reinforces stereotypical gender roles, portraying female journalists as supportive figures within male-dominated resolutions. This analysis underscores the complexities surrounding female agency and portrayal in Bollywood, revealing an ongoing tension between progressive and traditional depictions.
Tulajdonnév vagy a tulajdon neve?
Authors: Schäffer Anett
Published: November 2024

Margaret Atwood’s well-known dystopian novel, The Handmaid’s Tale (1985) and its sequel, The Testaments (2019), are both set in the fictional state of Gilead, which replaced the former United States of America in a coup. One of the principal challenges facing the country is a declining birth rate. In response, the leaders of Gilead, known as the Commanders, have attempted to solve the problem by establishing a version of Christianity that aligns with their own values and by creating a society in which women and men are divided into distinct classes based on their earlier adherence to the regime’s principles, their role in the coup, and, in the case of women, their fertility. This paper analyses what the names of the different classes, the names, renamings or, in some cases, the namelessness of the characters tell us about the world of Gilead; what connotations the different names of the characters and classes have; how names are used to connect every institution of Gilead to religion; and how the plot is structured by the names that are used by the main characters in different parts of The Testaments.
Experience in care, treatment, and monitoring of women’s neoplasms from an oncologic team in Goiás
Authors: Naves Vinicius de Souza , Soares Eldom de Medeiros , Pereira Lara Carrijo , Araujo Nayara Portilho , Queiroz Geraldo Silva , Morato Amanda de Castro , Silva Luis Fernando Barbosa , Marcolino Matheus Mendonça , Freitas Jessica Ferreira
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to comprehend and acquire data from the outpatient consultations, surgeries, follow-up consultations, and adverse event care performed in the year 2022. Methodology: Data were collected from digital medical records of gynecology of a breast cancer team from the HAJ. Ambulatorial data were divided by mouth, while surgeries and hospital stays were divided by the international classification of diseases. Results: Over the period of January and December of 2022, 24,396 outpatient consultations were performed, with an average of 2033 per mouth. The follow-up consultations represent most of the demand (18,326), followed by chemotherapy consultation (3,281) as first-time consulting represents 2,373 cases. The admissions for surgery were 1,780 during 2022, as 1,657 were elective and diagnostic surgeries. Most of the surgeries intended to treat breast cancer with 488 procedures, followed by uterine cervix cancer (156 cases), ovarian cancer (143 cases), and endometrial cancer (113 cases). Most diagnostic surgeries were performed for cervical cancer, with 241 surgeries, followed by ovarian cancer (172) and breast cancer (165). The admissions due to adverse events resulted in emergency surgery in 123 cases, representing 6.9% of surgeries of that year. The hospitalizations due to clinical events were 123, and most of them related to cervical cancer. The deaths by breast cancer represented 81 (38.8%) with a total of 209 deaths, followed by cervical cancer (71 deaths) and ovarian cancer (42 deaths). Most of the deaths occurred due to clinical events. Conclusion: The HAJ represents the only institution classified as a high-complexity cancer center in Goiás. The gynecological and breast cancer team provides support to that population and those statistics numbers are crucial to improving treatment and understanding of these neoplasms in regional, national, and global contexts.
The usage of artificial intelligence in the early breast cancer detection
Authors: Silva Ândrea Tammiê Peixoto da , Bayma Anna Luiza Lima , Silva Gabriela Oliveira , Ribeiro Guilherme Alves , Oliveira Kallyne Rodrigues de , Reis Kamille Dias , Vale Mariana Luz Costa do , Lopes Francícero Rocha
Published: November 2024

Objective: This literature review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using artificial intelligence in breast cancer screening and its impact on diagnostic approaches for early-stage detection among women. Methodology: This is a systematic literature review that analyzed data from three databases: PubMed, SciELO, and MEDLINE. The search terms used were “breast cancer,” “artificial intelligence” (AI), and “diagnostic” to select articles and studies published between 2019 and 2023. The results were analyzed to draw a conclusion about the proposal of this systematic review. Results: The literature review provides strong evidence for the use of AI in the early detection of breast cancer. Computer-assisted detection systems, specifically the modern “CAD 2.0” based on optimized learning algorithms, have increased the percentage of malignancy detection and reduced false positives. Additionally, breast tomosynthesis and radiometric techniques have shown promising results in the early tracking and prognosis of breast cancer. These advances demonstrate the potential of AI to improve the precision and effectiveness of breast cancer tracking, contributing positively to clinical practice and enabling early and more accurate interventions for breast cancer patients. Conclusion: Through thorough examination and analysis of pertinent studies, it is discerned that the integration of AI in breast cancer screening has been a practice spanning several decades, yielding considerable advantages ranging from image generation to outcome prediction. Nonetheless, lingering inquiries persist regarding this technology, encompassing bioethical considerations and the refinement, progression, and management of AI systems. Thus, it is anticipated that, in forthcoming years, AI will progressively increase its role in facilitating the screening process and promoting early detection of breast cancer.
Pertumbuhan dan Kadar Brix Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) pada Percobaan di Rumah Kaca
Authors: Gio Indra  , Akhmad Zubaidi  , Dwi Ratna Anugrahwati
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan kadar brix beberapa varietas tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) pada percobaan di rumah kaca. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial yaitu faktor perlakuan varietas yang dilaksakan di Glasshouse Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Mataram dari bulan Mei sampai Juli 2023. Terdapat 5 perlakuan yakni varietas Bioguma, Gando Keta, Pahat, Samurai, dan Suri 4 diulang sebanyak 4 kali, sehingga terdapat 20 unit percobaan. Parameter pengamatan yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, bobot berangkasan kering dan kadar gula (brix). Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pertumbuhan dan kadar brix pada beberapa varieas yang di uji. Suri 4 dan Gando Keta memiliki pertumbuhan terbaik, dapat dilihat dari bobot berangkasan kering yang tinggi berturut – turut sebesar 83,47 g dan 80,60 g. Varietas Pahat dan Gando Keta merupakan sorgum dengan kandungan gula tertinggi sebesar 16,50% dan 15,00%.
Characterization Bio-Based Edible Film from Mango Seed Starch and Semi-Refined Carrageenan (Euchema cottonii) Using Sorbitol Plasticizer for Potential Food Contact Materials
Authors: Santi Sintha Soraya , Puspitawati Ika Nawang , Pasang Tim
Published: November 2024

Meanwhile, Semi-Refined Carrageenan (SRC) could be combined with starch as the base material for edible film fabrication to increase its tensile strength. This study aimed to identify edible film by synthesizing SRC and mango seed starch with plasticizer sorbitol, which could be safe for consumption in food packaging. The process of making edible film consists of three steps: extracting Eucheuma cottonii seaweed, making starch from mango seeds, and making edible film. The method used was the solution casting method, with a ratio of SRC: starch of mango seeds, namely 1: 0; 0.7: 0.3; and 0: 1 (w / w) and sorbitol concentrations of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60% (w/w). This research shows that increasing sorbitol could decrease the tensile strength but increase the elongation and solubility of the edible film. As well as the combination of SRC and mango seed starch can produce edible films with higher characteristics than edible films based only on SRC or mango seed starch. The results of selecting the best conditions for an edible film based on the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) are the concentration ratio of SRC: mango seed starch (0.7: 0.3) and 30% sorbitol concentration with a thickness value of 0.22 mm, tensile strength 4.81 MPa, 28.50% elongation and 68.44% solubility
Development of Canva-Based Science Infographic Learning Media to Improve Students’ Learning Outcomes
Authors: Ristanti Sevi , Isdaryanti Barokah
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research is to develop, test the feasibility, and effectiveness of Canva-based infographic learning media. This type of research and development (R&D) development research with the ADDIE development model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The research subjects were fourth grade students totaling 25 students, data collection techniques with observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation data. The results of media expert validation show a percentage value of 88.3% very feasible category, material experts with a percentage value of 86.66% very feasible category. Based on the pretest-posttest results, it is known that Canva-based infographic media is effective in improving student learning outcomes, which is indicated by an increase in the average pretest score from 52 to 80 on the posttest, with an N-Gain test result of 0.58 in the moderate category. Based on the response questionnaire distributed, a very positive response was obtained from teachers and students. From these results, it can be concluded that Canva-based infographic learning media is effective in improving student learning outcomes and is feasible and practical to use in IPAS learning on respiratory system material in grade V SD Negeri Tambakaji 05.
CONTROLE DE DRENAGEM PLUVIAL E PREVENÇÃO DE PROCESSOS EROSIVOS NA BORDA DE PLATÔ
Authors: Lima Alef , Pelegrini Marcos , Ishihara Junior Hiroyuki
Published: November 2024

A região amazônica situada no oeste do Pará, onde se encontram as minas de bauxita formadas por platôs, sofrem um evento natural chamado de “terras caídas”, onde naturalmente sofrem erosões pelas fortes intensidades de chuvas ao longo dos anos, dessa forma, como a mineração lavra próximo das bordas, se faz necessário a drenagem para evitar galgamento, erosões entre outros que podem causar danos ao meio ambiente. A metodologia mostrada nesse trabalho tem como objetivo evitar escoamento de águas pelas bordas e forçar a infiltrações através de canaletas, sump's, curvas de nível e utilização de dreno gabião como ferramenta emergencial. Foi utilizado Tempo de Retorno (TR) de 100 anos para dimensionar as estruturas de drenagem. Se houver um Tempo de Retorno (TR) superior ao de projeto, essa água será escoada através do dreno gabião, fazendo com que a água desça de forma controlada e dissipada sem causar erosões. Deste modo as estruturas de drenagem têm objetivo de minimizar ou anular os impactas trazidos por chuvas intensas, fazendo o direcionamento correto das águas pluviais, essas estruturas são efetivas para a regeneração da floresta, pois, evitam os processos erosivos e possibilitam uma melhor infiltração. A implantação dessas estruturas tem papel fundamental para garantir a proteção das bordas do platô, com objetivo de não haver um possível passivo ambiental no futuro, as estruturas emergenciais serão descomissionadas no cenário onde for concluído que essas estruturas não estão sendo necessárias.

Palavras-chave: mineração, drenagem, erosão, sustentabilidade.