bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Productividad de la mano de obra en la obtención de uva de mesa
Authors: Espíndola Rodrigo
Published: October 2022

Actualmente, en el sector productivo de uva de mesa de la provincia de San Juan, existe la necesidad de reducir costos en mano de obra, ya que es un recurso escaso y caro.Este trabajo persigue determinar el impacto del uso de mano de obra en la obtención de uva de mesa. Luego de la realización de esntrevistas, se concluye que las labores en verde representan el 55 % del total de labores para llegar hasta cosecha, seguido de la poda y atada. Las labores en verde más importantes son acomodado de brotes, descole y desbrote. En los casos estudiados se utilizan 95 jornales/ha (moda), a lo que se debe agregar de 110 a 164 jornales/ha en cosecha. Un esquema óptimo de trabajo, puede generar un gasto de $ 9.464 por hectárea si se contabiliza un jornal de operario sin antigüedad con aportes de $ 99. El rubro mano de obra (de poda a cosecha) abarca del 67.8 % al 85.6 % de la estructura de costos.
Los historiadores y la naturaleza
Authors: Worster Donald
Published: October 2022

La mente humana es admirable en su capacidad para encontrar múltiples senderos a través del mundo natural, pero esas sendas siempre están relacionadas en lo que ha ocurrido antes y lo que está ocurriendo ahora al planeta. Los historiadores debe aceptar la importancia del ambiente y hacer suya la teoría y la visión del mundo de la evolución, por la luz resplandeciente que arroja sobre los orígenes, el desarrollo y el destino de la Humanidad.
Legislación, intereses y reformas de la contribución territorial en Jujuy, 1870- 1930.
Authors: Fandos Cecilia
Published: October 2022

A comienzos del siglo XX, a la saga de la “cuestión agraria” argentina, los gravámenes fiscales fueron perfilándose como mejores instrumentos redistributivos y de “reformas agrarias”, constituyendo una de sus máximas expresiones la difusión del georgismo entre sus filas intelectuales y dirigentes. En esta línea, el artículo apunta a determinar las variaciones en los fundamentos ideológicos y de intereses de la regulación de la contribución territorial entre sus orígenes y la maduración de la imposición de un impuesto sobre la tierra libre de mejoras en provincia de Jujuy. Analizamos la evolución de los ingresos procedentes de la contribución territorial y la sucesión de leyes respectivas, entre fines del siglo XIX y 1930, de Jujuy; estudiamos los procesos de revaluación de la propiedad para el levantamiento de catastros y determinamos el posicionamiento divergente de la dirigencia política y los sectores propietarios en estos actos.
Reseña del libro de Graciela Mateo: Cooperativas agrarias y peronismo. Acuerdo y discrepancias. La Asociación de Cooperativas Argentinas. Ediciones CICCUS 2012
Authors: Rodriguez Lisandro
Published: October 2022

Este libro es el resultado de un trabajo de investigación histórica que la autora realizó para elaborar su tesis de maestría en Metodología de la Investigación Científica. Su propuesta es abordar históricamente un caso altamente representativo del cooperativismo rural, para contribuir a ampliar y matizar la gama de explicaciones que brinda la historiografía argentina sobre algunos de los principales actores del complejo mundo agrario, como así también sobre el heterogéneo fenómeno peronista.
Cooperatively Managing and Exploiting Distributed Co-occurrence Graphs
Authors: Simcharoen Supaporn
Published: October 2022

The property of terms to occur adjacently in text corpora can be expressed by co-occurrence graphs. Such data structures proved to be useful tools for extracting semantic information in natural language processing. When communities work collaboratively on joint documents, the corresponding co-occurrence graphs may grow prohibitively large to be handled on a single machine. Hence, methods are devised to cooperatively distribute and process co-occurrence graphs in peer-to-peer computing environments. Moreover, a local co-occurrence graph in each peer is built from documents of the users attached to the peer and obtained from elsewhere. Routing and load imbalance of inter-peer traffic are reduced by bio-inspired algorithms designed to work with limited information available on peers locally or on their direct neighbours. Routing paths directly leading to the final destinations are determined in most cases, and memory usage is balanced after a few message exchanges. To show that decentralised co-occurrence graphs can be employed as the basis of a fully integrated, decentralised search engine, a prototype working on the world wide web is built, implemented, and experimentally evaluated....
Transforming relationships between street vendors and Harare City Council in Zimbabwe
Authors:   , Mazorodze Washington
Published: October 2022

Street vending has become the major source of livelihood, not only in Zimbabwe but in most of the third world countries, owing to declining economies and lack of formal employment.
Technical note: Identification of chemical composition and source of fluorescent components in atmospheric water-soluble brown carbon by excitation-emission matrix with parallel factor analysis: Potential limitation and application
Authors: Cao Tao , Li Meiju , Xu Cuncun , Song Jianzhong , Fan Xingjun , Li Jun , Jia Wanglu , Peng Ping’an
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy is an important method for identification of occurrences, chemical composition, and sources of atmospheric chromophores. However, current knowledge on identification and interpretation of fluorescent components is mainly based on aquatic dissolved organic matter and might not be applicable to atmospheric samples. Therefore, this study comprehensively investigated EEM data of different types of strong light-absorbing organic compounds, water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) in different aerosol samples (combustion source samples and ambient aerosols), soil dust, and purified fulvic and humic acids by an EEM-parallel factor method. The results demonstrated that organic compounds with high aromaticity and strong electron-donating groups generally present strong fluorescence spectra at longer emission wavelength, whereas organic compounds substituted with electron-withdrawing groups have relatively weaker fluorescence intensity. In particular, aromatic compounds containing nitro groups (i.e., nitrophenols), which show strong absorption and are the major component of atmospheric brown carbon, exhibited no significant fluorescence. Although fluorescent component 1 (235, 270/330 nm) in ambient WSOM is generally considered as protein-like groups, our findings suggested that it is mainly composed of aromatic acids, phenolic compounds, and their derivatives, with only traces of amino acids. Principal component analysis and Pearson correlation coefficients between mass absorption efficiency at 365 nm (MAE365) and humification index (HIX), C1, C2, and C3 indicated that the highly aromatic and oxidized fluorescent component 3 may be an important contributor to the light-absorption capacity of ambient WSOM. These findings provide new insights for the analysis of chemical properties and sources of atmospheric fluorophores using the EEM method.
In situ and satellite-based estimates of cloud properties and aerosol–cloud interactions over the southeast Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Gupta Siddhant , McFarquhar Greg M. , O'Brien Joseph R. , Poellot Michael R. , Delene David J. , Chang Ian , Gao Lan , Xu Feng , Redemann Jens
Published: October 2022

Abstract. In situ cloud probe data from the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols
above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) field campaign were used to
estimate the effective radius (Re), cloud optical thickness (τ), and
cloud droplet concentration (Nc) for marine stratocumulus over the
southeast Atlantic Ocean. The in situ Re, τ, and Nc were
compared with co-located Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
(MODIS) retrievals of Re and τ and MODIS-derived Nc. For 145
cloud profiles, a MODIS retrieval was co-located with in situ data with a
time gap of less than 1 h. On average, the MODIS Re and τ (11.3 µm and 11.7) were 1.6 µm and 2.3 higher than the in situ Re
and τ with Pearson's correlation coefficients (R) of 0.77 and 0.73,
respectively. The average MODIS Nc (151.5 cm−3) was within 1 cm−3 of the average in situ Nc with an R of 0.90. The 145 cloud profiles were classified into 67 contact profiles where an
aerosol concentration (Na) greater than 500 cm−3 was sampled within
100 m above cloud tops and 78 separated profiles where Na less than 500 cm−3 was sampled up to 100 m above cloud tops. Contact profiles had a
higher in situ Nc (by 88 cm−3), higher τ (by 2.5), and lower
in situ Re (by 2.2 µm) compared to separated profiles. These
differences were associated with aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI), and MODIS
estimates of the differences were within 5 cm−3, 0.5, and 0.2 µm
of the in situ estimates when profiles with MODIS Re>15 µm or MODIS τ>25 were removed. The agreement between
MODIS and in situ estimates of changes in Re, τ, and Nc
associated with ACI was driven by small biases in MODIS retrievals of cloud
properties relative to in situ measurements across different aerosol
regimes. Thus, when combined with estimates of aerosol location and
concentration, MODIS retrievals of marine stratocumulus cloud properties
over the southeast Atlantic can be used to study ACI over larger domains and
longer timescales than possible using in situ data.
Improved Counting Statistics of an Ultrafine DMPS System
Authors: Stolzenburg Dominik , Laurila Tiia , Aalto Pasi , Vanhanen Joonas , Petäjä Tuukka , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Differential mobility particle size spectrometers (DMPS) are widely used to measure the aerosol number size-distribution. Especially during new particle formation (NPF) the dynamics of the ultrafine size-distribution determine the significance of the newly formed particles within the atmospheric system. A precision quantification of the size-distribution and derived quantities such as new particle formation and growth rates is therefore essential. However, size-distribution measurements in the sub-10 nm range suffer from high particle losses and are often derived from only a few counts in the DMPS system, making them subject to very high counting uncertainties. Here we show that a CPC (modified Airmodus A20) with a significantly higher aerosol optics flow rate compared to conventional ultrafine CPCs can greatly enhance the counting statistics in that size-range. Using Monte Carlo uncertainty estimates, we show that the uncertainties of the derived formation and growth rates can be reduced from 10–20 % down to 1 % by deployment of the high statistics CPC on a strong NPF event day. For weaker events and hence lower number concentrations, the counting statistics can result in a complete breakdown of the growth rate estimate with relative uncertainties as high as 75 %, while the improved DMPS still provides reasonable results at 10 % relative accuracy. In addition, we show that other sources of uncertainty are present in CPC measurements, which might become more important when the uncertainty from the counting statistics is less dominant. Altogether, our study shows that the analysis of NPF events could be greatly improved by the availability of higher counting statistics in the used aerosol detector of DMPS systems.
Bidirectional coupling of a long-term integrated assessment model REMIND v3.0.0 with an hourly power sector model DIETER v1.0.2
Authors: Gong Chen Chris , Ueckerdt Falko , Pietzcker Robert , Odenweller Adrian , Schill Wolf-Peter , Kittel Martin , Luderer Gunnar
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Integrated assessment models (IAMs) are a central tool for the quantitative analysis of climate change mitigation strategies. However, due to their global, cross-sectoral and centennial scope, IAMs cannot explicitly represent the temporal and spatial details required to properly analyze the key role of variable renewable electricity (VRE) for decarbonizing the power sector and enabling emission reductions through end-use electrification. In contrast, power sector models (PSMs) can incorporate high spatio-temporal resolutions, but tend to have narrower sectoral and geographic scopes and shorter time horizons. To overcome these limitations, here we present a novel methodology: an iterative and fully automated soft-coupling framework that combines the strengths of a long-term IAM and a detailed PSM. The key innovation is that the framework uses the market values of power generations as well as the capture prices of demand flexibilities in the PSM as price signals that change the capacity and power mix of the IAM. Hence, both models make endogenous investment decisions, leading to a joint solution. We apply the method to Germany in a proof-of-concept study using the IAM REMIND v3.0.0 and the PSM DIETER v1.0.2, and confirm the theoretical prediction of almost-full convergence both in terms of decision variables and (shadow) prices. At the end of the iterative process, the absolute model difference between the generation shares of any generator type for any year is <5 % for a simple configuration (no storage, no flexible demand) under a “proof-of-concept” baseline scenario, and 6–7 % for a more realistic and detailed configuration (with storage and flexible demand). For the simple configuration, we mathematically show that this coupling scheme corresponds uniquely to an iterative mapping of the Lagrangians of two power sector optimization problems of different time resolutions, which can lead to a comprehensive model convergence of both decision variables and (shadow) prices. The remaining differences in the two models can be explained by a slight mismatch between the standing capacities in the real-world and optimal modeling solutions purely based on cost competition. Since our approach is based on fundamental economic principles, it is applicable also to other IAM-PSM pairs.
Optimisation of the marine Nd isotope scheme in the ocean component of the FAMOUS general circulation model
Authors: Robinson Suzanne , Ivanovic Ruza , Gregoire Lauren , Astfalck Lachlan , van de Flierdt Tina , Plancherel Yves , Pöppelmeier Frerk , Tachikawa Kazuyo
Published: October 2022

Abstract. The neodymium (Nd) isotope composition (εNd) of seawater can be used to trace large-scale ocean circulation features. Yet, due to the elusive nature of marine Nd cycling, particularly in discerning non-conservative particle-seawater interactions, there remains considerable uncertainty surrounding a complete description of marine Nd budgets. Here, we present an optimisation of the Nd isotope scheme within the fast coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (FAMOUS), using a statistical emulator to explore the parametric uncertainty and optimal combinations of three key model inputs relating to: (1) the efficiency of reversible scavenging, (2) the magnitude of the seafloor benthic flux, and (3) a riverine source scaling, accounting for release of Nd from river sourced particulate material. Furthermore, a suite of sensitivity tests provide insight on the regional mobilisation and spatial extent (i.e., testing a margin-constrained versus a seafloor-wide benthic flux) of certain reactive sediment components. In the calibrated scheme, the global marine Nd inventory totals 4.27 × 1012 g and has a mean residence time of 727 years. Atlantic Nd isotope distributions are represented well, and the weak sensitivity of North Atlantic Deep Water to highly unradiogenic sedimentary sources implies an abyssal benthic flux is of secondary importance in determining the water mass εNd properties under the modern vigorous circulation condition. On the other hand, Nd isotope distributions in the North Pacific are 3 to 4 εNd-units too unradiogenic compared to water measurements, and our simulations indicate that a spatially uniform flux of bulk sediment εNd does not sufficiently capture the mobile sediment components interacting with seawater. Our results of sensitivity tests suggest that there are distinct regional differences in how modern seawater acquires its εNd signal, in part relating to the complex interplay of Nd addition and water advection.
Ferro-ferri-holmquistite, □Li2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2, Fe2+Fe3+ analogue of holmquistite, from the Iwagi islet, Ehime, Japan
Authors: Nagashima Mariko , Imaoka Teruyoshi , Kano Takashi , Kimura Jun-ichi , Chang Qing , Matsumoto Takashi
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Ferro-ferri-holmquistite (IMA2022-020), ideal formula
□Li2(Fe32+Fe23+)Si8O22(OH)2, was
found in albitized granite from the Iwagi islet, Ehime, Japan.
Ferro-ferri-holmquistite is a CFe2+Fe3+ analogue of
holmquistite and belongs to the lithium-subgroup amphiboles. It commonly
occurs as acicular aggregate and/or isolated crystals in quartz, albite and
K-feldspar and is blue with a bluish-grey streak and a vitreous luster. It
has a Mohs hardness of 5 1/2. Its cleavage is perfect on
{210}. Measured and calculated densities are
Dmeas.=3.2 g cm−3 and Dcalc.=3.317 g cm−3,
respectively. Ferro-ferri-holmquistite is optically biaxial (-), with
α=1.685, β=1.713 and γ=1.727, and is
pleochroic, with X= pale blue ∼ pale yellowish blue, Y= deep blue ∼ brownish blue and Z= deep blue ∼ deep bluish violet; X>Z>Y. The magnetic
susceptibility is similar to the associated biotite.
Ferro-ferri-holmquistite is insoluble in HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4.
The empirical formula calculated on the basis of Σ(C+T) = 13 on the results obtained by electron
microprobe analyzer (EPMA), and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is
A(K0.01Na0.06)Σ0.07B(Li1.95Na0.04Ca0.01)Σ2.00C(Fe2.822+Fe1.393+Al0.51Mg0.22Mn0.052+Ti0.01)Σ5.00T(Si7.98Al0.02)Σ8.00O22(OH)1.94F0.06. Structure refinement converged
to R1= 4.22 %. The space group is orthorhombic Pnma, and the
unit-cell parameters are a= 18.5437(2) Å, b= 17.9222(1) Å, c= 5.3123(1) Å and V= 1765.51(1) Å3. Based on the refined
site occupancies, the structural formula can be written as
ANa0.062M4(Li1.952Na0.048)Σ2.000M1(Fe1.7702+Mg0.230)Σ2.000M2(Fe1.4463+Fe0.1022+Al0.452)Σ2.000M3(Fe0.8912+Mg0.109)Σ1.000TSi8O22(OH)2 (Z= 4). Three OH-stretching IR
bands, centered at 3614, 3631 and 3644 cm−1, are assigned to the local
configuration M1M1M3= FeFeFe, MgFeFe (including FeMgFe and FeFeMg) and
MgMgFe (including MgFeMg and FeMgMg), respectively, based on the IR studies
of the orthorhombic Pnma amphiboles.
The Active Faults of Eurasia Database (AFEAD): the ontology and design behind the continental-scale dataset
Authors: Zelenin Egor , Bachmanov Dmitry , Garipova Sofya , Trifonov Vladimir , Kozhurin Andrey
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Active faults are those faults on which movement is possible in the future.
This draws particular attention to active faults in geodynamic studies and
seismic hazard assessment. Here, we present a high-detail continental-scale
geodatabase: The Active Faults of Eurasia Database (AFEAD). It comprises
48 205 objects stored in shapefile format with spatial detail sufficient
for a 1 : 1 000 000 map scale. The fault sense, a rank of confidence in activity, a
rank of slip rate, and a reference to source publications are provided for
each database entry. Where possible, this information is supplemented by a fault name,
fault zone name, abbreviated fault parameters (e.g., slip rate, age of the
last motion, and total offset), and text information from the sources. The
database was collected from 612 published sources, including regional maps,
databases, and research papers. AFEAD facilitates a spatial search for local studies. It provides sufficient
detail for planning a study of a particular fault system and guides deeper
bibliographical investigations. This scenario is particularly
significant for vast central and northern Asian areas, where most studies are
available only in Russian and hard copy. Moreover, the database model
provides the basis for regional- and continental-scale integrative
studies based on geographic information systems (GISs). The database is available at https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.25509.58084
(Bachmanov et al., 2022) and via web map at
http://neotec.ginras.ru/index/mapbox/database_map.html (last
access: 5 May 2022). Database representations and supplementary data are
hosted at http://neotec.ginras.ru/index/english/database_eng.html (last access: 5 May 2022).
Integrated ecohydrological hydrometric and stable water isotope data of a drought-sensitive mixed land use lowland catchment
Authors: Tetzlaff Doerthe , Smith Aaron , Kleine Lukas , Dubbert David , Freymueller Jonas , Daempfling Hauke , Soulsby Chris
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Data from long-term experimental catchments are the foundation of hydrological sciences and are crucial to benchmark process understanding, observe trends and natural cycles, and are prerequisites for testing predictive models. Integrated data sets which capture all compartments of our landscapes are particularly important in times of land use and climate change. Here, we present ecohydrological data measured at multiple spatial scales which allow to characterise so called “blue” water fluxes (which supply groundwater recharge and support streamflow generation) and “green” water fluxes (which sustain vegetation growth). There are two particular unique aspects to this data set though: a) we measured water stable isotopes in the different landscape compartments (that is in precipitation, surface water, soil, ground- and plant water); and b) conducted this monitoring during the extreme drought of 2018 in Central Europe. Stable water isotopes are so useful in hydrology as they provide “fingerprints” of the pathways water took when moving through a catchment. Thus, isotopes allow to evaluate the dynamic relationships between water storage changes and fluxes, which is fundamental to understanding how catchments respond to hydroclimate perturbations or abrupt land use conversion. Second, as we provide the data until 2020 one can also investigate recovery of water stores and fluxes after extreme droughts. Last but not least: lowland headwaters are often understudied systems despite them providing important ecosystem services such as groundwater and drinking water provision and management for forestry and agriculture.
The Moist Quasi-Geostrophic Coupled Model: MQ-GCM 2.0
Authors: Kravtsov Sergey , Mastilovic Ilijana , Hogg Andrew McC. , Dewar William K. , Blundell Jeffrey R.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This paper contains a description of recent changes to
the formulation and numerical implementation of the Quasi-Geostrophic
Coupled Model (Q-GCM), which constitute a major update of the previous
version of the model (Hogg et al., 2014). The Q-GCM model has been designed
to provide an efficient numerical tool to study the dynamics of multi-scale
midlatitude air–sea interactions and their climatic impacts. The present
additions/alterations were motivated by an inquiry into the dynamics of
mesoscale ocean–atmosphere coupling and, in particular, by an apparent lack
of the Q-GCM atmosphere's sensitivity to mesoscale sea-surface temperature (SST)
anomalies, even at high (mesoscale) atmospheric resolutions, contrary to
ample theoretical and observational evidence otherwise. Major modifications
aimed at alleviating this problem include an improved radiative-convective
scheme resulting in a more realistic model mean state and associated model
parameters; a new formulation of entrainment in the atmosphere, which
prompts more efficient communication between the atmospheric mixed layer and
free troposphere; and an addition of a temperature-dependent wind
component in the atmospheric mixed layer and the resulting mesoscale
feedbacks. The most drastic change is, however, the inclusion of moist
dynamics in the model, which may be key to midlatitude ocean–atmosphere
coupling. Accordingly, this version of the model is to be referred to as the
MQ-GCM model. Overall, the MQ-GCM model is shown to exhibit a rich spectrum
of behaviors reminiscent of many of the observed properties of the Earth's
climate system. It remains to be seen whether the added processes are able
to affect in fundamental ways the simulated dynamics of the midlatitude
ocean–atmosphere system's coupled decadal variability.
Spring efficiency assessment and efficient use of spring methods of statically balanced planar serial manipulators with revolute joints only
Authors: Juang Chia-Wei , Jhuang Chi-Shiun , Chen Dar-Zen
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This paper proposes a spring efficiency assessment of a statically
spring-balanced planar serial manipulator. The admissible spring configurations for the static balancing of planar serial manipulators without auxiliary links have been determined in the past. Gravity is balanced by the spring configuration systematically; however, the
spring configuration also contains counter-effects between springs.
Conceptually, with fewer counter-effects between springs, there is less
burden on the spring system, which means that the springs are used more
efficiently, and accordingly, the system would be safer, and its service life would be longer. In this study, the spring energy is represented in a
quadratic form. The coefficients in a quadratic form represent the change in elastic energy with the relative position between links, which is named
“elastic pseudo-stiffness”. Compared to the quadratic form of gravity
energy, those elastic pseudo-stiffnesses for static balancing are regarded
as positive contributions of a spring, while those that contain counter-effects are seen as negative ones. Spring efficiency is defined as the ratio of the elastic pseudo-stiffnesses, which has positive contributions for balancing to total elastic pseudo-stiffnesses. To use springs efficiently, the counter-effects, which are functions of spring parameters, need to be decreased, including spring stiffness and the attachment location of springs on links. A method to use spring efficiently by adjusting spring parameters is developed. Furthermore, it is found that, for a spring attached between adjacent links, the spring efficiency is 100 %, and the spring efficiency decreases while the number of joints over which the spring spans increases. In a spring manipulator system, the efficiency is negatively correlated to the payload. As an example, an efficiency assessment on a 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) manipulator is shown at the end.
Pseudo-prospective testing of 5-year earthquake forecasts for California using inlabru
Authors: Bayliss Kirsty , Naylor Mark , Kamranzad Farnaz , Main Ian
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Probabilistic earthquake forecasts estimate the likelihood of future earthquakes within a specified time-space-magnitude window and are important because they inform planning of hazard mitigation activities on different time scales. The spatial component of such forecasts, expressed as seismicity models, generally relies upon some combination of past event locations and underlying factors which might affect spatial intensity, such as strain rate, fault location and slip rate or past seismicity. For the first time, we extend previously reported spatial seismicity models, generated using the open source inlabru package, to time-independent earthquake forecasts using California as a case study. The inlabru approach allows the rapid evaluation of point process models which integrate different spatial datasets. We explore how well various candidate forecasts perform compared to observed activity over three contiguous 5-year time periods using the same training window for the input seismicity data. In each case we compare models constructed from both full and declustered earthquake catalogues. In doing this, we compare the use of synthetic catalogue forecasts to the more widely used grid-based approach of previous forecast testing experiments. The simulated catalogue approach uses the full model posteriors to create Bayesian earthquake forecasts, not just the mean. We show that simulated catalogue based forecasts perform better than the grid-based equivalents due to (a) their ability to capture more uncertainty in the model components and (b) the associated relaxation of the Poisson assumption in testing. We demonstrate that the inlabru models perform well overall over various time periods: The full catalogue models perform favourably in the first testing period (2006–2011) while the declustered catalogue models perform better in the 2011–2016 testing period, with both sets of models performing less well in the most recent (2016–2021) testing period. Together, these findings demonstrate a significant improvement in earthquake forecasting is possible although this has yet to be tested and proven in true prospective mode.
Applying dynamical systems techniques to real ocean drifters
Authors: Rypina Irina I. , Getscher Timothy , Pratt Lawrence J. , Ozgokmen Tamay
Published: October 2022

Abstract. This paper presents the first comprehensive comparison of several different
dynamical-systems-based measures of stirring and Lagrangian coherence,
computed from real ocean drifters. Seven commonly used methods (finite-time
Lyapunov exponent (FTLE), trajectory path length, trajectory correlation dimension,
trajectory encounter volume, Lagrangian-averaged vorticity deviation,
dilation, and spectral clustering) were applied to 144 surface drifters in
the Gulf of Mexico in order to map out the dominant Lagrangian coherent
structures. Among the detected structures were regions of hyperbolic nature
resembling stable manifolds from classical examples, divergent and
convergent zones, and groups of drifters that moved more coherently and
stayed closer together than the rest of the drifters. Many methods
highlighted the same structures, but there were differences too. Overall, five
out of seven methods provided useful information about the geometry of transport within the domain spanned by the drifters, whereas the path length and correlation dimension methods were less useful than others.
Recent variations in oceanic transports across the Greenland-Scotland-Ridge
Authors: Mayer Michael , Tsubouchi Takamasa , Winkelbauer Susanna , Larsen Karin Margretha , Berx Barbara , Macrander Andreas , Iovino Doroteaciro , Jónsson Steingrímur , Renshaw Richard
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Oceanic exchanges across the Greenland-Scotland-Ridge (GSR) play a crucial role in shaping the Arctic climate and linking with the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The considered ocean reanalyses underestimate the observed 1993–2021 mean inflow of warm and saline Atlantic Waters of 8.0 ± 0.5 Sv by 7–23 %, with reanalyses at 1/4° resolution exhibiting larger biases than higher resolution products. The underestimation of Atlantic Water inflow translates into a low bias in mean oceanic heat flux at the GSR of 4–32 % in reanalyses compared to the observed value of 281 ± 18 TW. Interannual variations of reanalysis transports correlate reasonably well with observed transports in most branches crossing the GSR. Observations and reanalyses with data assimilation show a marked reduction of oceanic heat flux across the GSR of 4–10 % (compared to 1993–2021 means) during a biennial (two-year-long) period centered on 2018, a record-low for several products. The anomaly was associated with a temporary reduction of geostrophic Atlantic Water inflow through the Faroe-Shetland Branch and was augmented by anomalously cool temperatures of Atlantic waters arriving at the GSR. The latter is linked to a recent strengthening of the North Atlantic Subpolar Gyre and illustrates the interplay of interannual and decadal changes in modulating transports at the GSR.
Variation in bacterial composition, diversity, and activity across different subglacial basal ice types
Authors: Doyle Shawn M. , Christner Brent C.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Glaciers and ice sheets possess basal ice layers characterized by
high amounts of entrained debris that can serve as sources of nutrients and
organic matter, providing a habitat for microorganisms adapted to the frozen
conditions. Basal ice forms through various mechanisms and is classified
based on ice and debris content; however, little is known about variation in
microbial composition, diversity, and activity across different basal ice
types. We investigated these parameters in four different types of basal ice
from a cold-based and temperate glacier and used a meta-analysis to compare
our findings with microbiome studies from other frozen environments. We
found basal ice environments harbor a diverse range of microbiomes whose
composition and activity can vary significantly between basal ice types,
even within adjacent facies from the same glacier. In some debris-rich basal
ices, elevated ATP concentrations, isotopic gas signatures, and high 16S
rRNA/rDNA amplicon ratios implicated certain bacterial taxa (e.g.,
Paenisporosarcina, Desulfocapsa, Syntrophus, and Desulfosporosinus) as being potentially active, with ice temperature appearing to be an
important predictor for the diversity of inferred active taxa. Compared to
those of other sympagic environments, the basal ice microbiomes more closely
resemble those found in permafrost or perennial cave ice than glacial ice.
In contrast, debris-poor basal ices harbored microbiomes more like those
found in englacial ice. Collectively, these results suggest that different
basal ice types contain distinct microbiomes that are actively structured by
physicochemical properties of their habitat.
Modelling the impact of trapped lee waves on offshore wind farm power output
Authors: Ollier Sarah J. , Watson Simon J.
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Mesoscale meteorological phenomena, including Atmospheric Gravity Waves, or Trapped Lee Waves (TLWs) can result from flow over topography or coastal transition in the presence of stable atmospheric stratification, particularly with strong capping inversions. Satellite images show that topographically forced TLWs frequently occur around near-coastal offshore wind farms. Yet current understanding of how they interact with individual turbines and whole farm energy output is limited. This parametric study investigates the potential impact of TLWs on a UK near-coastal offshore wind farm, Westermost Rough (WMR) resulting from westerly – south-westerly flow over topography in the Southeast of England. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling (using ANSYS-CFX) of TLW situations based on real atmospheric conditions at WMR was used to better understand turbine level and whole wind farm performance in this parametric study based on real inflow conditions. These simulations indicated that TLWs have the potential to significantly alter the windspeeds experienced by and the resultant power output of individual turbines and the whole wind farm. The location of the wind farm in the TLW wave cycle was an important factor in determining the magnitude of TLW impacts, given the expected wavelength of the TLW. Where the TLW trough was coincident with the wind farm, the turbine windspeeds and power outputs were more substantially reduced compared with when the TLW peak was coincident with the location of the wind farm. These reductions were mediated by turbine windspeeds and wake losses being superimposed on the TLW. However, the same initial flow conditions interacting with topography under different atmospheric stability settings produce differing near wind farm flow. Factors influencing the flow within the wind farm under the different stability conditions include differing: hill and coastal transition recovery, windfarm blockage effects and wake recovery. Determining how much of the differences in windspeed and power output in the wind farm resulted from the TLW is an area for future development.
Determining the Effect of Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Pain Relief after Cesarean Section
Authors: Shahid Ayesha , Shafqat Huda , Maqbool Salman , Ali Ahsan , Feroze Rehana
Published: October 2022

Objective: To analyze efficacy of intrathecal Dexmedetomidine as adjunct to hyperbaric Bupivacaine in terms of postoperative analgesia after caesarean section. Study Design & Setting: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Department of Anesthesia, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad from20th, October 2018 to 20thApril 2019 after taking Ethical board approval from the Institute. (letter no RIHS-REC/030/18, dated, 18th October 2018). Methodology: Total n=120 patients having ASA status I, II undergoing elective cesarean section were randomly divided into 2groups (60 each) by lottery method. Group-A, was given hyperbaricBupivacaine (0.5%) 12mg alone and group-B, was given hyperbaricBupivacaine (0.5%) 12mg along with injection Dexmedetomidine 4ug in intrathecal space respectively. Patients were followed in postoperative period for onset of pain and requirement for rescue analgesia in first 6 hours. Results: There was statistically significant difference in mean onset of postoperative pain among both the groups-A and B (178.18 ± 12.51 versus 364.07± 35.58min respectively with p value 0.000), as well as, postoperative analgesic requirement, in first 6 hours, 39 (65.0 %) versus 31 (51.7 %) with p-value 0.000 respectively. However, on stratification, considering effect modifiers, like age (20-30 years and 30-40 year and previous history of cesarean section), there was statistically significant difference in mean onset of pain in both groups, but no significant difference was found regarding rescue analgesic requirement in both groups. Conclusion: Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine along with hyperbaric Bupivacaine was better than hyperbaric Bupivacaine alone in controlling postoperative pain in caesarean section.
Dilemma of Dantrolene: A life-saving drug unavailable in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Tahir , Kapadia Habib Feroz
Published: October 2022

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is brought on by a number of anaesthetic drugs, primarily succinylcholine and inhalation anesthetics
Correlation of Uroflowmetry with Prostate Volume and International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS)
Authors: Raza Iffat , Jamshed Nausheen , Lakhani Mubina , Mohiuddin Maria , Ahmed Syeda Bushra , Mukhtar Sahrish
Published: October 2022

Objective: To correlate Uroflowmetry with Prostate volume and International Prostatic Symptom Score in BPH patients and healthy adults in a subset of Karachi Population. Study Design and Setting: This is a crossectional study carried out at Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi over a period of 6 months. Methodology: In this study 100 Samples were taken through non probability convenience sampling. Inclusion criteria includes 40years and above. Sample initially was taken on the basis of International Prostatic Symptom Score i.e., less than 8 and greater than 8 score. Ultrasonography was performed. 65 Individuals with International Prostatic Symptom Score > 8 and Prostate volume <25 and individuals having symptom index < 8 and Prostate volume > 25ml went for Uroflowmetry. Mean and standard deviation was taken out for quantitative variables. Univariate analysis and Multiple Linear Regression applied to assess relationship between Uroflowmetry with Prostate volume and International Prostatic Symptom Score. Result: Mean age of patients was found to be 58±6 years. Mean International Prostatic Symptom Score was 11±4. Mean Prostate Volume was 28ml±5, mean Qmax was 14ml/s ±4. The correlation between Qmax and International Prostatic symptom score was found to be negative (-0.78) and statistically significant. No correlation was found between Prostate volume and Qmax. Conclusion: Qmax and International Prostatic Symptom Score are reliable tool for assessing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia patients concluding that as Symptom Score increases Qmax decreases. Qmax showed no correlation with Prostate volume. Prostate volume assessed on Ultrasonography is not an authentic parameter for diagnosing BPH patients
Emotional Intelligence: A Valued Workplace Competency
Authors: Fatima Kiran , Lateef Ijaz
Published: October 2022

Some employees may exhibit emotional symptoms such as work pressure, agitation, anxiety, depression and irritability.1
SYNERGETIC ANALYSIS OF ECOSYSTEM RELATIONS IN THE SOUTHERN ARAL REGION
Authors: Urazimbetova Elzura Pulatovna , Tleumuratova Bibigul Saribayevna
Published: October 2022

The paper discusses the possibility of studying the ecosystem of the South Prearalie from the standpoint of synergetics, which makes it possible to obtain qualitatively new information about previously uncovered aspects of the Aral Sea crisis. The connection of synergetics with the concept of non-linear development of natural systems, which can be used in the study of natural processes, is found.
ANALYSIS, EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF A SUPPLIER WHEN OPENING A SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS
Authors: Ziganshin Viktor Viktorovich
Published: October 2022

To open a small and medium-sized business, you need a clear understanding of what exactly the store will sell and where it will take the goods for retail sale. A supplier is a favorable solution for an entrepreneur who delivers goods at reasonable prices, shipping them carefully and on time. But, fraudsters are not always easy to distinguish from bona fide companies. Based on this, the article highlights the analysis, evaluation and selection of a bona fide supplier as a solution for the supply of goods for small and medium-sized businesses.
THE SLUTSKY EQUATION AND ITS PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE THROUGH THE MAPLE SOFTWARE PRODUCT
Authors: Moshev Ilya Aleksandrovich , Gabdrakhmanova Iuliya Radikovna , Chepkasova Olesya Sergeevna
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we will consider the Slutsky equation for the function of demand for goods depending on the prices of these goods and the consumer’s income, taking into account compensation. The practical application of this one-factor model for calculating the demand of two interchangeable goods and the economic interpretation of the results obtained are also given. The work will be useful to those who wish to familiarize themselves with the Slutsky model for demand and consider its use in practice.
ARTICLE ON OPTIMIZATION OF THE AGV TROLLEY SYSTEM USING A DIGITAL TWIN
Authors: Baklanov Bogdan Romanovich , Babchinetsky Sergey Gennadievich
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the prerequisites and reasons for using AGV, the advantages of their implementation, as well as methods for optimizing the AGV system using a digital twin
DIGITAL TWINS IN PRODUCT AND TECHNOLOGY LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Zyryanov Dmitry Aleksandrovich , Badika Egor Maksimovich , Babchinetsky Sergey Gennadievich
Published: October 2022

This article discusses the concepts of the product life cycle and digital twin, their classification and stages of creation. Modern representatives of software for simulation modeling and digital twins are considered. Advantages and disadvantages of using modeling methods for digital doubles are given. The conditions and requirements for the construction of digital doubles are described.
محددات سلوك الفرد السياسي ورِهانات ممارسته في الليبراليات المعاصرة
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد في العلوم السياسية، الجامعة السليمانية، إقليم كوردستان، جمهورية العراق, كريم محمد صابر
Published: October 2022

هناك جملة من المواقف يتولد لدى كل الفرد في ثنايا حياته بشكل عام، وحياته السياسية بشكل خاص، وهذه المواقف هو موجه نشاطات وأفعال الأفراد التي تشكل مفهوم السلوك السياسي. وهذا السلوك متجسد في أعمال وتصرفات متنوعة تجاه ما يحيط بالفرد من مؤسسات وأشخاص جماعات وبنيات أخرى، ونظرًا لأن المواقف السياسية تتحكمها جملة محددات مختلفة رئيسة، عليه فأن ممارسة الفرد لسلوكه السياسي تخضع بالأخرى لتلك المحددات التي تشكل الثقافة السياسية والمحيط الاجتما اقتصادي والأفكار والأيديولوجيات. في الارتباط بواقع ممارسة الفرد لسلوكه السياسي في المجتمعات الليبرالية المعاصرة، ولا سيما المتقدمة منها، فإننا نجد بأن تلكم المحددات قد تحولت إلى رِهانات فعلية مقيّدة لهذه الممارسة، وذلك ترجع إلى أن الأنظمة السياسية السائدة فيها قد عملت ومنذ نشأتهم على صياغة هذه المحددات على نحو تتفق وتخدم مصالح الطبقة الحاكمة فيهم، مما ساهمت في جعلها ذات خصائص ومميزات غير مشجعة وغير بناءة لقسم كبير من أفراد مجتمعاتهم في ممارستهم لنشاطاتهم وفعالياتهم السياسية. لهذا نجد بأن الآليات الرئيسة لممارسة الحياة الديمقراطية في تلك الليبراليات ولا سيما لآلية الانتخابية والاحزاب السياسية، بدل من أن تساهم في تعزيز وتقوية ممارسة أفراد هذه المجتمعات لسلوكهم السياسي بحيث تنميه (أي هذا السلوك) في اتجاهه السليم كمشارك حقيقي وفعلي في إدارة شؤون مجتمعه بأبعادها المختلفة.
دوافع الجرائم المرتكبة في المجتمع الفلسطيني (دراسة ميدانية من وجهة نظر المحامين)
Authors:   أستاذ علم الاجتماع وباحث في مجال العلوم الاجتماعية، رام الله، فلسطين, علاونة عبد المجيد
Published: October 2022

لقد هدف هذا البحث الى توضيح الدوافع المتنوعة وراء ارتكاب الجرائم في المجتمع الفلسطيني من دوافع مادية واجتماعية ونفسية وسياسية واقتصادية وغيرها، وقد تم استخدام مجتمع البحث بشريحة المحامين في المجتمع الفلسطيني كونهم المدافعون عن القانون والمطلعون أكثر من غيرهم على مثل هذه الأمور، وقد تم اخذ عينة منهم بلغت 199 محامي من العاملين الرسميين في سلك القانون، وقد استخدم الباحث منهجي المسح الاجتماعي والمنهج الوصفي التحليلي ومستخدماً بذلك أداة الاستبانة، وقد توصل البحث الى عدة نتائج كان من أهمها أن المؤثرات المتعلقة بدوافع ارتكاب الجرائم من وجهة نظر المحامين في داخل المجتمع الفلسطيني قد جاءت ما بين المتوسطة والقليلة وقد جاءت متدرجة بالشكل التالي: دوافع نفسية، ودوافع فردية/ شخصية، ودوافع عاطفية، ودوافع مجتمعية، ودوافع اجتماعية، ودوافع مادية، ودوافع للثأر وللخلافات القديمة، ودوافع بقصد الحفاظ على العائلة، ودوافع سياسية، ودوافع أمنية/ قومية. كما تبين أنه وفيما يتعلق بأنواع الجرائم التي يتم ارتكابها ونسبتها ومدى وجودها في المجتمع الفلسطيني من وجهة نظر المحامين أن جميعها قد جاءت ما بين المنخفضة والمنخفضة جداً، وقد جاءت متدرجة بالشكل التالي: السرقة، والضرب، والتشهير، والتزوير، والفتنة، والتعذيب، والخيانة، والتجارة بالمواد والأدوات الممنوعة، والتخابر مع جهات معادية، والقتل. كما تبين أنه يوجد علاقة قوية وذات دلالة إحصائية ما بين "الدوافع المصاحبة وراء ارتكاب الجرائم" وبين "نوعية هذه الجرائم"، وفي نهاية البحث قام الباحث بوضع عدد من التوصيات كان من أهمها التوعية المؤسساتية والجماهيرية، والاستخدام الأمثل لمواقع الأنترنت وخاصة مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي، وزيادة الوازع الديني والتركيز عليه من قبل شيوخ المساجد ورجال الدين، وتوفير فرص العمل بعدة اشكال أولها التوازن بين التعليم الأكاديمي والمهني من قبل المؤسسات التعليمية في هذا المجتمع بعيداً عن أي حسابات لافتتاح برامج عديمة الفائدة من شأنها ان تزيد من نسبة البطالة بين الخريجين.
الفضول الذهني بين دوافع الاستكشاف وأهداف التعلم المستقبلي
Authors:   دكتوراه في الإدارة التربوية، الإمارات العربية المتحدة, حالول فاطمة
Published: October 2022

في ظل التطورات المتسارعة التي يفرضها العالم المتغاير، كثرت الآراء والتوصيات لتحسين المناهج لمواكبة عصر الاستكشاف وإكساب المتعلم بالمهارات اللازمة ومن ضمن تلك الأفكار الجديدة توظيف هذه المهارة، ويستحضر المقال التراكمات العلمية والمفاهيم الأساسية التي تشكل مرجعيات المقاربة النظرية، فهو وإن اختلفت مفاهيمه من الممارسات التي تقلص الجهد، بل قد تكون خيار للمعلم لقياس أثر التعلم. ويعرض المقال مقترحات وخيارات معتمدة تسهل عملية تطبيقه وهو حقل خصب تتجلى خصوبته في انفتاحه على مشارب معرفية متعددة. والمقالة الحالية تحاول تقديم لمحة عامة حول التفسيرات النظرية للفضول وكيف تناولت الأبحاث الأولية والمستقبلية الفضول الذهني بأنه القوة الدافعة ومن ثم كسمة شخصية وخصائص بالإمكان تطويرها. كما وقد يقود استعماله حل بعض الإشكالات وتجاوز العقبات. ونسعى لعرض أهميته وتطبيقاته الفاعلة في التحول التفاعلي النشط للتعليم والتعلم والانفتاح على كفاءة القدرات، إن الوعي بالسياقات التي يستعمل فيها هذه الاستراتيجيات يُمكن المدرس من صياغة أنشطة ذهنية، لما يسمح من فهم عميق وتنشيط عمليات الاكتساب المعرفي. ونحاول في هذه الورقة توسيع فهمنا للفضول الذهني من خلال فهمنا للتساؤل الذي يمكن أن يطرح هنا: كيف يمكن أن يساعد هذا الخط الجديد من الطرح في فهم الآليات الكامنة وراء التعلم المرتبط بالفضول الذهني بشكل أفضل؟ وإلى أي مدى يمكن أن يساعد في ارتياد التعلم المستقبلي؟