bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF STRATEGIC PLANNING AND PERSONNEL COMPETENCE ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF THE TNI MATERIAL FEASIBILITY SERVICE MEDIATED BY COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sumaryadi Sumaryadi , Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this study is to analyze the effect of strategic planning and personnel competence on organizational performance mediated by compliance management at the material feasibility service within the Ministry of Defense and the TNI.

The method used in this research is hypothesis testing using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square 3.0. The respondent population of this research is material feasibility inspectors who have competence and work in the Ministry of Defense and TNI. Sampling with non-probability sampling method and is a saturated sampling with a total of 50 respondents. The results showed that strategic planning had a significant but insignificant effect on organizational performance, while personnel competence had a significant effect on organizational performance. The mediating role of compliance management has a positive and significant impact on the strategic planning relationship on organizational performance. The results also show that compliance management has a positive and significant influence on the relationship between personnel competence and organizational performance. The variable that has the greatest influence on organizational performance after being mediated by Compliance management is personnel competence. The results of this study provide insight for the organization's material feasibility, in order to improve compliance management so as to improve organizational performance. The novelty in this study is to add to the role of compliance management as a mediating variable in the relationship between strategic planning and organizational performance, and in the relationship between personnel competence and organizational performance. The implication of this research is aimed at helping improve the performance of government organizations in this case the feasibility organization within the Ministry of Defense and the TNI which is tasked with ensuring the safety of personnel and material when defense materials are operated, then compliance management must be fully complied with by personnel at all levels within the organization. The limitation of the research is that it only involves two elements of strategic management, namely strategic planning and personnel competence that affect organizational performance, this becomes an opportunity for further research.
THE EFFECT OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ON MSME PERFORMANCE MEDIATED BY ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN MAJALENGKA MSMEs
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Kusnadi Kusnadi , Arafah Willy
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effect of Management Information System and Knowledge Management on MSME Performance mediated by Organizational Commitment to MSMEs in Majalengka. The methodology used in this study is causality hypothetical testing using cross sectional, hypothesis testing is a method of decision making based on data analysis from controlled and uncontrolled experiments on SMEs in Majalengka. The population is 6,376 people with a sample of 377 respondents. Data collection using questionnaires and data analysis techniques using Path Analysis and PLS

The model proposed in this study shows the direct and indirect effect of Management Information System and Knowledge Management on MSME Performance Mediated by Organizational Commitment. Future research should study other variables that influence the influence of UMKM Performance such as marketing, access to capital, entrepreneurial abilities, human resources, financial knowledge and business plans. This research shows that Management Information System and Knowledge Management as well as Organizational Commitment affect MSME Performance either directly or indirectly. This research is a useful tool to improve MSME Performance through improving Management Information System and Knowledge Management as well as Organizational Commitment. This research model purifies the overall understanding that there is a direct and indirect influence of the Management Information System and Knowledge Management on MSME Performance mediated by Organizational Commitment
Transportation Costs and Time Impact of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
Authors: Ashraf Muddassar , Shiyuan Zheng
Published: January 2022

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which is part of China's Belt and Road plan, is a network of infrastructure, commerce, and investment projects, as well as energy and technology projects, now under construction in Pakistan and China's Western Xinjiang province. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), which Pakistani officials have labelled as a "game changer," is the most recent manifestation of the two countries' increasing ties. Because they help to reduce freight prices and transit times, transportation and infrastructure are referred to as major trade levers. This research is primarily concerned with the concept of logistics shipping prices and travel times. China supplies Europe and the Middle East with a reliable, low-cost supply line. The study analyses data in a qualitative and descriptive manner. The study investigates how the CPEC will impact trade in terms of shipping costs and trip time. Transportation and infrastructure are considered critical trade issues since they help to reduce shipping costs and transit times. In order to generate revenues and assure timely product delivery, modern organizations strive to reduce shipping costs and transit times. The goal of this research is to examine the CPEC's significance and its impact on import and export costs as well as transit durations. This study also compares the current path to the suggested itinerary. The study takes a qualitative and descriptive approach to its investigation. The study's starting point was the dry port of Kashgar in western China, with three ports in each European and Middle Eastern countries serving as destinations. The three European ports of Hamburg, Le Havre, and Rotterdam, like the selected Middle Eastern ports of Jeddah, Kuwait, and Oman, which meet China's energy demands, share a considerable trading volume with China. When a 40-foot container is delivered using the current route, the variables time of travel and shipping cost are estimated in the first phase. In the third step, both current and potential CPEC routes are analysed. Because predicting the exact future road transportation cost of CPEC is difficult, the average value of current road transportation costs is used in this analysis. The findings show that shipping costs will be greatly lowered if the proposed CPEC route is implemented. Shipping costs between Kashgar and destination ports can be reduced by 36% for European ports, 50% for Jeddah and Kuwait, and 68 percent for Oman. Furthermore, the transit time from European ports to Jeddah will be reduced by 10-11 days, 15-18 days for Kuwait, and 10 days for Oman.
Floating Elbow in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ditsios Konstantinos , Christidis Panagiotis , Konstantinou Panagiotis , Pinto Iosafat , Christidis George , Ditsios Tryfon , Kostretzis Lazaros , Katsimenzas Triantafyllos , Chitas Konstantinos , Papadopoulos Pericles
Published: January 2022

Background

We aimed to systematically review all papers examining floating elbow injuries in adults.

Material and Methods

MEDLINE, Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma, PROSPERO, and Scopus databases were searched up to August 31, 2020. Included studies had as a primary or secondary outcome the functional outcomes after a floating elbow injury on patients aged 17 or older. Methodological quality of the included studies was assessed.

Results

Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Patients were male at 73,1%. Median age of the patients was 33,0 years and median time of follow-up was 19,5 months. Articular surfaces were affected at 24,4%, whereas 51,2% of the fractures was open. Approximately, 34,9% of the patients suffered neural injury. Ipsilateral and multiple-system injuries were present in 34,8% and 76,3 % of the cases, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that intra-articular and nerve damage, open fractures and multi-system injuries affected range of motion, union and complications. Sex, age, vascular damage and ipsilateral injuries of the patient did not adversely impact the outcome. All of the included studies were classified as very-low quality of evidence.

Conclusions

The current knowledge regarding the characteristics of floating elbow in adults is limited, albeit we were able to provide possible pre-operative predictor outcomes.
Effects of floods on smallholder crop production in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Hellen Kongai  , Geoffrey Ochom  , Asero Diana  , Patrick Rubaihayo
Published: January 2022

Smallholder farmers encounter crop losses consequent to floods in eastern Uganda. It is envisaged that with increasing climate variability, flooding effects on smallholder crop production will increase. Yet, information to guide adaptation and resilience building strategies is limited. This study used cross sectional data to determine the effects of floods on agricultural production in Bukedea and Kapelebyong Districts. Findings showed that grain and root crop losses consequent to floods approximated 35 and 60% of expected output, respectively. This significantly effects crop output and smallholder household food security. Therefore, interventions targeting reduction of output loss and drudgery consequent to floods would unravel flooding effects on crop production.
Membincang Akulturasi Pernikahan
Authors: Hartini Dwi , Ilhami Nuzula , Taufiqurohman Taufiqurohman
Published: January 2022

This paper discusses the wedding tradition which has various versions in the process according to the culture and context in which the marriage is carried out. The wedding tradition in question is a series of processions leading to marriage. One of the unique wedding processions is the Bugis traditional wedding called Mapacci. This Mapacci tradition is interesting to study in relation to the perspective if it is seen from the difference in social stratification in its implementation between the nobility or ordinary people. This paper is studied using the theory of Semiotics of Charles Sanders Peirce, according to Peirce, human life is characterized by the mixing of signs and how they are used in representative activities. The social system is related to the integration function by controlling the components that make up society, finally the cultural system is related to the function of maintaining existing patterns or structures by setting up norms and values ​​that motivate them to take an action. The results of the study indicate that the meaning contained in the traditional mappacci process is a form of hope and prayer, for the welfare and happiness of the prospective bride and groom which is combined in a summary of words (mappacci) of 9 kinds of equipment that must be prepared and moved not only for the nobility but all the indigenous people of Bugis.
From “Little Better than Slaves” to “Cowskin Heroes”: Poor White People in Jamaica, 1655–1782
Authors: Burnard Trevor
Published: January 2022

The principal axes along which seventeenth and eighteenth-century Jamaica divided were those of colour and of freedom. By the late eighteenth century, it became axiomatic that all Protestant whites were free and that all blacks were either enslaved or marked out for discriminatory action as a result of not being white. But this situation was new: before the Seven Years’ War and the trauma of Tacky’s Revolt in 1760, a considerable proportion of the white population was unfree, including many indentured servants and, before 1718, convicts. This article estimates the numbers of unfree whites before the 1760s, allows as far as sources allow some voice to these poor whites, and examines their status as unfree people in a society increasingly oriented around principles of white supremacy. Over time, the political and economic position of ordinary whites dramatically improved as the principles of white racial superiority took hold in the last quarter of the eighteenth century. It meant that the people somewhat derisively called ʻcowskin heroes’ due to their penchant for lording it over enslaved people were in the ascendant as the principles of white racial superiority took hold as the foundations of social, economic and political order in the island.
Minjung in the Mission House: How Korean Christians in the Democratization Movement Encountered a Theology for the Postcolonial Era
Authors: Kim-Cragg David Andrew
Published: January 2022

Minjung theology, developed by Christians involved in the South Korean Democratization Movement, has often been described as a Korean liberation theology but its connections to and significance for the Missionary Enterprise have rarely been explored. Analyzing the archival data related to its development in a Canadian missionary house, this article explores the historical influences that shaped minjung theology, with a focus on its relationship to the Canadian mission in Korea. The history of this Korean expression of the Christian faith sheds light on its postcolonial character and the enduring significance of minjung theology. Seen through a postcolonial historical lens, this article shows the relevance of minjung theology for the present by evaluating its connection to and influence on the Canadian church with which it was closely associated.
Christian Responses to Conflict in Burma
Authors: Mang Pum Za
Published: January 2022

Political violence, ethnic war, and religious conflict have gravely rocked the modern state of Burma ever since 1948 when it became independent. The Burmese perhaps know better than most what it feels like to be devastated by racial hatred and religious intolerance as they have seen the deadly consequences of unchecked ethno-religious bigotry. They endeavor in spite of this to make a better future for the coming generation, and Burmese Christians, as responsible citizens, make a relatively considerable contribution to this national collective attempt. Few scholars following events in Burma, though, pay sufficient attention to how Christians respond to this politically complex and tense situation. This article, thus, carefully navigates the historical trajectories of toxic ethno-religious conflict and political violence and closely explores some role Christians seemingly prudently play in positive reaction to this tough reality.
FTIR Spectroscopy for Identification Aspergillus fumigatus Secondary Metabolites Extract against Multi Drugs Resistance Bacteria Isolated from surgical Site wound Infection
Authors: Khan Suleman , Alwaili Maha Abdulla , Al-Qahtani , Wedad Saeed , ullah Farman , Moon Sarwat , Akhtar Tamoor , . Raheela , Wajid Arooj , Ullah Habib
Published: January 2022

In the current scenario Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens are increasing very rapidly due to the misuse of antibiotics to control antibiotic resistance, we need to know the current pattern of antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, new bioactive metabolites are needed for the alternative option to control antibiotic resistance. Fungi have the ability to produce potent metabolites. The production of secondary metabolites such as antimicrobial agents is the most important property of fungi. Antimicrobial activity of extract were noted against different pathogenic (Clinical Isolates) and using agar well diffusion assay method and noted different zone of inhibition of each bacteria, wells were loaded with different concentration’s 50 µL and 100 µL. Maximum zone of inhibition were reported at different concentration of different bacteria. Ethyl acetate crude extract at 50 µL concentration’s 17 ± 0.15 mm, 18 ± 0.1 mm , 16 ± 0.4 mm, 19 ± 0.26 mm, 17 ± 0.30 mm,16 ± 0.36 mm, zone of inhibition against E.coli sp, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella sp Proteus sp, S,aureus, , and Salmonella sp, respectively. While in 100 µL zone of inhibition was noted, 21 ± 0.15 mm, 22 ± 0.40 mm, 20 ± 0.35 mm, 21 ± 0.26 mm, 22 ± 0.45 mm 19 ± 1.10 mm zone of inhibition against E.coli sp, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella sp Proteus sp, S,aureus, , and Salmonella sp, respectively. In the current study we used FTIR and Plasmon Resonance (SPR) UV-visible spectroscopy observed at 408 nm during UV-visible spectroscopy. FTIR analysis revealed the involvement of phenolic, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in reduction of Ag+ ions to form fungal metabolites while stabilization components of were fungal metabolites amide linkage and amino acid. Keywords; Aspergillus fumigatus, Secondary metabolites, Ethyl acetate, FTIR, UV-visible spectroscopy, MDR pathogen.
Sero-prevalence and Associated Complications of Hepatitis B Virus Infected Patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Hassan Neelma , Khan Suleman , Alwaili Maha Abdulla , Al-Qahtani Wedad Saeed , Ullah Farman , Muhammad Taj , Ahmad Hussain , Ullah Hanif
Published: January 2022

Background: Hepatitis B infection is among the most significant public health challenge worldwide. The prevalence of HBV infection is common among most populations in Peshawar, including pregnant women. Objective: The present study aims to estimate the prevalence and complications associated with clinical parameters and risk factors in patients with HBV. Methodology: A total 150 patients were reported and subjected to Enzyme linked assay (ELISA) for HBeAg test and HBs-Ag by immunochromaticgraphic assay (ICT). RT-PCR assay was used for detection of HBV DNA load. A study designed Performa was used for face-to-face interview to collect data from the study participants. Results: According to our study, highest prevalence was found in Peshawar 34% and the second highest prevalence in Waziristan 20.2%. The results showed highest prevalence in male (54%) than female (46%) and amongst female patients, 10% were pregnant. According to patient’s age, the highest prevalence was found group 26-35 years 34.2% and lowest prevalence was <= 15 years 2.6%. In our study patients were reported on the base of antigen were 94 (62.7%) of patients with HBsAg positive and 56 HBeAg positive (37.3%). Among total patients, 5.3% were co-infected with HCV and no patients were observed co-infected with HDV or HIV. In current study, the prevalence of family affected on the base of relation was found with 21.3%, amongst these 9.3% (spouse affected), 2.7% (mother affected), sibling affected patients (4%) and children affected (5.3%) were observed. The data showed patients with normal ALT 81.3% and 18.7% with elevated and the patients 9.4% and 90.6% found with elevated and normal creatinine level respectively. The normal bilirubin (93.3%), raised bilirubin (6.7%), normal ultrasound (83.7%) and 16.3% dysfunction ultrasound were reported in patients after antiviral drugs treatment. The study surveyed 64% and 36% patients reported under tenofovir and entecavir treatment with different duration and 36%. The less mortality rate of patients leading HBV infection was reported 1.3% in this study due to renal failure and diabetics. Conclusion: The male are more exposed to the environment and that is why highest frequency infected as compared to the female. The main reason of high HBV prevalence was less awareness in people and highest prevalence on the base of family history in spouse because may close contact. Keywords: HBV,Elisa, ICT, virus , antviral
EVALUATION OF MEDIAN LETHAL CONCENTRATION (LC ) 50 OF MYSTUS VITTATUS (BLOCH) FOR COPPER SULPHATE
Authors: Verma Arun Kumar , Prakash Sadguru
Published: January 2022

The toxic effect of Copper on freshwater catfish Mystus vittatus was studied. The LC values of copper in Mystus 50 vittatus for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours were 20.589, 16.497, 11.815 and 8.665 mg/L respectively. The cat fish was silvery grey in body in the control group throughout the experiment. The body colour changed from original silvery grey to dark colour in heavy metal treated fish. The fish maintained in freshwater behaved normal as usual. But when the fish was exposed to copper, erratic swimming, abnormal posture, dis-balance, sluggishness, imbalance in posture, increase in surface activity, opercular beating, and gradual loss of equilibrium and spreading of excess of mucus all
over the surface of the body were observed.
HERBS AS ANTICANCER AGENTS
Authors: Shetty G. Raviraja
Published: January 2022

Cancer is a frightful disease and represents one of the biggest health-care issues for the human race and demands a proactive strategy for cure. Plants are reservoirs for novel chemical entities and provide a promising line for research on cancer. Plants have been used for medical purposes since the beginning of human history and are the basis of
modern medicine. Most chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment are molecules identified and isolated from plants or their synthetic derivatives. The selected and careful use of this plant may definitely in antiangiogenic therapy and thus in cancer management. Plant derived anticancer agents are effective inhibitors of cancer cells lines, making them in high demand. Exploitation of these agents needs to be managed to keep up with demands and be sustainable. Effort has been made through this review to highlight the role of medicinal plants in cancer therapy.
STUDIES ON FOLIAR APPLICATION OF POTASSIUM NITRATE ON PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND YIELD POTENTIAL IN DIFFERENT WHEAT [TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.]
CULTIVARS UNDER TWO CONDITIONS
Authors: Agrawal Swati , Yadav Vinaya Kumar , Verma A. K. , Mishra R.C.
Published: January 2022

The field experiments were conducted at Student Instructional Farm of SVNU Sagar, during Rabi 2018-19 and 2019- 20. The objective of investigation was to study the effect of foliar applied potassium nitrate with different doses on plant traits (physiological, biochemical, yield and its components) of two wheat varieties under drought and irrigated condition. It was designed in split-split plot design with three replications. The two conditions i.e., drought (I ) and 0 irrigated (I ) conditions were allocated in the main plots and two wheat varieties i.e., V (K-402) and V (K-607) in 1 1 2 sub plot and for each one chemical treatments were applied as foliar spray at heading stages by 0.5% (T ) and 1.0% 1 (T ) potassium nitrate, along with control (T ) in sub-sub plots. The significantly higher grain yield (5.84 & 5.88 g) 2 0 with physiological, biochemical and yield traits can be obtained by foliar application of 0.5% potassium nitrate (T ) 1 with both conditions of i.e., drought (I ) and irrigated (I ) of wheat crop. In this were represent 0.5% potassium nitrate 0 1 (T ) i.e., 5.31 & 5.27 g, 1.0% potassium nitrate (T ), as compare to control (T ) i.e., 4.39 & 4.35 g. In cultivars, 1 2 0 maximum responsive was K-402 (V ) in most of traits and gave significantly higher grain yield (5.88 & 5.84 g) and 1 minimum in K-607 (V ) i.e., 5.80 & 5.54 g with both concerning experimental years.
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF PROTOZOAN ECTOPARASITES IN SOME CAT FISHES INHABITING DOMRI RESERVOIR, BEED DISTRICT (M.S.)
Authors: Sirsat P. B.
Published: January 2022

The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence and intensity of protozoan ectoparasites of freshwater catfishes. Total four species of protozoan parasites were collected from 294 fishes. Total three ectoparasites were observed during study period, July 2020 to June 2021. Among the ectoparasites, Ichthyoptherius is the most prevalent
ectoparasites followed by Trichodina and Myxobolus. Among the infected fishes, Wallago attu (48.43%) harboured maximum number of ectoparasites followed by Ompok pabda (40.27%), Mystus cavasius (37.93%), and Mystus vittatus (32.78%). Due to the presence of these parasites, the physiological activities of the host fishes are hindered and their
developmental growth is retarded which cause economic loss to the fishery industry
HYDROBIOLOGY OF PANDEY TAAL, A WETLAND OF GONDA DISTRICT, U.P., INDIA
Authors: Sinha Mukul , Srivastava Sharwan Kumar
Published: January 2022

The physico-chemical condition of water plays a vital role in the aquatic ecosystem. The various physico-chemical parameters of water of Pandey Taal have been studied during July, 2019 to June, 2020 to find out its impact on planktonic population and fish culture. The authors recorded that water temperature ranges from 11.8-35.8ᵒC, transparency ranges from 27.6-37.8 cm, pH ranges from 7.0-8.8, dissolved oxygen ranges from 6.2-8.6 ppm, free carbon dioxide ranges from 15.2-28.8 ppm, total alkalinity ranges between 130.0 and 290.0 ppm, total hardness ranges between 75.0 and 120 ppm, nitrate ranges between 1.03 and 1.21 ppm and phosphate ranges from 1.00-1.05 ppm. The physico-chemical conditions were found suitable for fish culture.
TOXICOLOGICAL EFFICACY OF PINUSROXBURGHII SARG. AGAINST WATER BORNE PATHOGENS
Authors: Singh Ravikant , Mishra Ramesh Chandra , Jyoti Bhasker , Mishra Rohit Kumar , Agrawal Manish
Published: January 2022

The present investigation focused on the toxicological efficacy of essential oil of Pinus roxburghii Sarg. The oils were extracted from the leaves using hydro-distillation method. Further its toxicological efficacy was evaluated against Escherichia coli (MTCC-723),Klebsiella pneumoniae(MTCC No. 4032),Salmonella typhimurium (MTCC-3231) and
Vibrio cholerae (MTCC-3906). Toxicological efficacy of essential oil was found highest against S. typhimurium. Inhibiting activity was also found against K. pneumoniae and E. coli (MTCC-723). Least activity was recorded against V. cholerae. Hence, essential oil from leaves of P. roxburghii exhibit great potential for the development of eco-friendly, nontoxic, cost-effective anti-bacterial herbal drug formulations.
EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Chaudhary Vinod K. , Arya Sunita , Singh Prabhakar
Published: January 2022

Pesticides are the biological pollutants, which are being used by the man to kill the pests for increasing the yield of many crops and insect vectors to control the spread of disease. The tremendous use of pesticides has caused severe health hazards to organisms including human beings due to climate change. Excessive use of pesticides may lead to the destruction of biodiversity. Many birds, aquatic organisms and animals are under the threat of harmful pesticides for their survival. The pesticides effects can be lessen by organizing awareness program among the farmers, special training to them regarding consequences of pesticides, their screening and monitoring methods.
MILK PRODUCER'S AWARENESS ON ECO-HEALTH PRACTICES IN DAIRY FARMING: A STUDY IN ANDHRA PRADESH
Authors: Roopa Yerramareddy , Sharma G.R.K.
Published: January 2022

The present study was conducted in three different regions of Andhra Pradesh state and one district from each reason was selected purposively. 120 milk producers were randomly selected i.e 20 from rural and 20 from urban area of each district comprising 40 from each district with the help of interview schedule. There is a significant (P<0.01) association between independent variables like age, gender, educational qualification, main occupation, land holding, mass media exposure, extension contact, information seeking behavior, economic orientation, scientific orientation, management orientation with awareness of milk producers on Eco-Health practices. The present study highlights the awareness level of milk producers about Eco-Health practices in dairy farming and the importance of personal, socio-economic, communication and psychological profile for executing the any programmes related to dairy sector for environmental safety, product
safety and public health.
GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES APPROACH FOR LANDUSE AND LANDCOVER CHANGE ANALYSIS IN BALTANA OF ZIRAKPUR, PUNJAB AND PART OF SECTOR-19, PANCHKULA CITY, HARYANA
Authors: Kumar Anup , Shivani Km. , Arya V.S.
Published: January 2022

In urban area information on landuse and land cover is important for monitoring, planning and management land resources. Remote sensing satellite data and Geographical Information System (GIS) are vital tools in mapping of land use and land cover in urban areas because of availability of historical high resolution satellite data. In the present study landuse and landcover change analysis have been done in Baltana area of Zirakpur of Punjab and part of Sector-19, Panchkula city,Haryana. The study area is located between the latitudes 30 40'50.62”N to 30 40'6.91”N and longitudeso76 49'18.18”E to 76.50'5.61”E. The study area covers an area of 96.49 Hect. Google earth satellite data for the years 2002 and 2018 have been used in the study for change analysis in land use and land cover. The study shows that during 2002 to 2018 built-up area increased 29.57 Hect., agriculture land increased 2.92 Hect., agriculture plantation area increased 1.48 Hect., park area increased 0.54 Hect, road area increased 7.53 Hect,, vacant land area decreased 41.30 Hect and drainage area decreased 0.74 Hect. This study is highly useful for planning and management of land use and land cover in the study area.
GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR DRINKING PURPOSE IN BAUND BLOCK, CHARKHI DADRI DISTRICT, HARYANA
Authors: Kumar Anup , Himanshu Himanshu , Kumar Satish , Arya V.S.
Published: January 2022

Water is important for survival of life on the planet Earth. In the present developmental activities water is excessively used in agriculture, industries, drinking and daily house hold activities. These has resulted in declining of groundwater depth and deterioration of groundwater quality. In the present study groundwater quality for drinking purpose has been assessed in Baund block of Charkhi Dadri district of Haryana. In the present study twelve groundwater samples were collected during field visit in the study area in double capped 250 ml plastic bottles and sample locations were taken with the help of mobile GPS. Groundwater samples were analyzed using Field Water Testing Kit prepared by Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage (TWAD) Board, Chennai for twelve chemical parameters-pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), fluoride, iron, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, residual chlorine. Results of chemical analysis were entered in excel software and prepared bar graphs. Result of chemical analysis of groundwater samples were compared with BIS (IS 10500:2012) drinking water standards for drinking purpose. The study shows that pH ranges 6.5 to 7.5, alkalinity 150 mg/l to 550 mg/l, hardness 150 mg/l to 800 mg/l, chloride 50 mg/l to 1200 mg/l, TDS 600
mg/l to 2964 mg/l, iron nil to 3 mg/l, ammonia nil to 5 mg/l, nitrite 0.2 mg/l to 1 mg/l, nitrate 45 mg/l to 100 mg/l, phosphate nil in all the twelve groundwater samples and residual chlorine nil to 0.2 mg/l. The study is highly useful for planning and monitoring of groundwater quality for drinking purpose in the study area.
The “Double Personalities” in Charlotte Brontë’s Villette
Authors: WANG Xin
Published: January 2022

In Charlotte Brontë’s novel Villette, the protagonist Lucy Snowe is characteristic of double personalities explicitly exhibited in three pairs-sexual desire against self-repression, imagination against reason, and split self of Ginevra Fanshawe against the other-self Paulina Marry. The paper probes into how Brontë uses the contradictory metaphor of “flame” and “frost” to represent Lucy’s double personalities and analyzes how she eventually integrates dualities. Her experience manifests Brontë’s double bind as a female writer. A feminist perspective is adopted to discuss the writer’s inner conflicts between the will to write and female conformity based on her portrayal of Lucy’s double personalities and realistic experiences. It suggests that Charlotte Brontë strives to seek a moderate and compromising integration between social and private identities, male and female lines, as a possible solution to deal with the dilemma of “double bind”.
What Is Pre-Modern Up to? On the Vernacular Writing of Xiao Jianghong’s Wu-Nuo Trilogy
Authors: LIU Zhuyan , LIANG Sixuan
Published: January 2022

The pre-modern factor in Xiao Jianghong’s Wu-Nuo Trilogy (Sorcery and Exorcise Trilogy) is a sign of distinguishing between urban and rural areas. It highlights the discordant elements from the city and shows the specificity of the countryside. It provides an imaginative solution to the pre-modern era, sighs with the mysterious death of the characters, and resolves the urban-rural conflict with the way of thinking and lifestyle of returning to old rural homesteads, a psychological healing dose for readers. The essence of pre-modern factors is aesthetic modernity, which demonstrates the resistance of aesthetic modernity. It is attributed to human care at the intersection of modernity and tradition to realize the spiritual value of realist literature.
Emergence of Plasmid-mediated Quinolone-Resistant Salmonella Typhi Clinical Isolates from Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Aslam Azhar , Rasheed Farhan , Rasool Muhammad Hidayat , Azhar Ayesha , Khan Hafiz Sajid , Saleem Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza , Waheed Abdul , Ashraf Zia , Anwar Ambereen Imran , Khurshid Mohsin , Zohaib Ali
Published: January 2022

The present study evaluated the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance and the underlying mechanisms among Salmonella Typhi clinical strains from Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 174 Salmonella Typhi strains were isolated from the blood culture samples. The strains identification was done by using the API 20E system and VITEK®, while serovar validation was done by agglutination assays using antisera. Molecular characterization was done by PCR using the primers targeting the fliC-d gene of Salmonellaenterica serovar Typhi. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion procedure and the minimum inhibitory concentration using the broth microdilution technique. Moreover,plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were amplified through a polymerase chain reaction. Alarming rate of ciprofloxacin resistance (90.8%) were observed with high MICs ranging from <0.06 µg/mL to > 2.0 µg/mL.Overall, the qnrS gene was detected among every ciprofloxacin-resistant isolate, of which maximum frequency of qnrS genes was detected among isolates showing MICs <1.0 µg/mL, while 14 qnrSgene-positive isolates were showing very high MICs values 2.0 µg/mL.Moreover, the ciprofloxacin-resistantisolates, as well as the ten isolates showing intermediate resistance (MIC; 0.5 µg/mL), were negative for qnrA and qnrB genes. This study highlights that the quinolone resistance among S. Typhiis at a critical level that necessitates the need for alternative therapeutic measures and the development of new antibiotics.
Effect of Physical Therapy Treatment in Knee Osteoarthritis with and without Wedge Insole: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mohammad Shah Syed , Ashraf Naveeda , Hassan Danish , Waseem Akhtar Muhammad
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of physical therapy treatment in knee osteoarthritis with and without wedge support.Methods: This randomized controlled trail was conducted at Outpatient Department of Physical Therapy, Mayo Hospital, Lahore and Mid City Hospital, Lahore. Eighty patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected using a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly allocated in two treatment groups; Group A (Routine physiotherapy treatment) and Group B (Routine physiotherapy with wedge insole). Outcome were recorded at the start and at the end of treatment at 3 weeks in terms of pain and disability as recorded on Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) respectively. The collected data was entered and analyzed using SPSS v25 with p value < 0.05 as significant.Results: At the end of the third week, there was a statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups in terms of VAS (Mean Difference 1.55; p value 0.05) and WOMAC (Mean Difference 5.53; p value 0.0001). A statistically significant difference in before and after treatment VAS and WOMAC score was also noted within each group with p value <0.0001.Conclusion: In comparison to conventional physical therapy alone, adding wedge insoles to the routine physical therapy treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis results in better pain relief and function improvement.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Sana Amna , Khadija Syeda , Shazadi Raisa , Khan Wajiha , Rasool Kinza , Fazal Anam
Published: January 2022

Metabolic Syndrome has High Prevalence in PCOS.Objective:This present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of MetS in PCOS patients using the related previously published data.Methods: The present systematic review was based on the Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was done using MeSH keywords in databases of PubMed, biomedcentral.com, Obgyn science and Google scholar search. We used Cochran's Q test and I2 Index to evaluate the relation among the studies and the random effects model was used to combine the results. Article review and discussion were precisely described with their refrences on the end of study.Results: 12 studies including 2600 plus patients with PCOS were included in the final analysis. Total heterogeneity was high . The prevalence of MetS in PCOS patients was estimated to about 70% in total patients with the history of pcos.Conclusion:Considering the prevalence of Metaboolic Syndrome in PCOS patients, diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in PCOS patients is necessary to reduce the causes and effects on the mortality rate.
Prevelance of Piriformis Syndrome among female Physiotherapy students of Gujranwala, Pakistan, A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Nazir Shazal , Asmat Ghazia , Ashfaq Umair , Saeed Tehmina
Published: January 2022

Piriformis syndrome is a neuromuscular disorder that is caused when piriformis muscle compresses the sciatic nerve. Its prevalence is very high in sedentary population and young people have more risk factors of getting affected with piriformis tightness that causes piriformis syndrome and later on lower back pain. Its etiology can be primary or secondary. Primary will be anatomical variation and secondary will be due to any other causes (trauma or local ischemia). It is more common in females with ratio of 3 to 1. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of piriformis syndrome among the female physical therapy students of Gujranwala. Material and methods:It was a cross-sectional study conducted in physical therapy female students of different physiotherapy institutes of Gujranwala. Data was collected from 195 students with Convenient sampling technique. The Diagnostic tool used was Piriformis syndrome diagnostic criteria. Results: Out of 195 female physical therapy students 72 (36.9%) had a high score and had a high probability of having piriformis syndrome. Only (4) 2.1% were unlikely of having piriformis syndrome while in majority of the participants 119 (61%) piriformis syndrome was not considered. Conclusion: This study concludes that female physical therapy students of Gujranwala have a low to moderate probability of having piriformis syndrome, with increased probability of buttock pain associated with prolonged sitting.
THE ROLE OF COLOUR DOPPLER IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PCOS
Authors: Aslam Areeba , Khadija Syyeda , Aslam Aneeqa , Shaukat Sadia , Irshad Ayesha , Tariq Swera
Published: January 2022

PCOS(Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome) is a hormonal disorder that affects women during their reproductive years (18-30year ).It is a condition that affects ovulation and the ovaries.Many fluid-filled sacs develop inside the ovaries in PCOS.These are follicles,each of which contains an immature egg.The egg is never mature enough to cause ovulation to occur. Important alterations in ovarian vascularization at the level of introvarian arteries occur in PCOS patients. Objective: Is colour Doppler ultrasonography is helpful in evaluation of PCOS. Method: An electronic database search with data range from 1999-2021 was performed(Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer).28 articles were found.All studies fully available evaluating PCOS ondoppler ultrasound. Results: Performance of Doppler ultrasound diagnosis was evaluated. PCOS patients had decreased ovarian artery pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and SD ratios and increased uterine artery pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and SD ratios. Conclusion: It is concluded that lowest ovarian stromal resistance levels were found in the patients than the controls.
COMPARISION OF MAITLAND MOBILIZATION AND MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE ON PAIN, RANGE OF MOTION AND FUNCTIONS IN ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS
Authors: Ali Mehboob , Hashim Muhammad , Waseem Iqra , Manzoor Sana , Ahmad Irfan
Published: January 2022

The adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) a well-known musculoskeletal problem that affects more women and diabetic population. The restriction is in capsular pattern used to limit the daily activities of the population. Objective: To study the effectiveness of Muscle energy technique and Maitland mobilization technique on the pain, range of motion and disability index in the patients with adhesive capsulitis. Method and subjects: This quasi-experimental study consists of 30 subjects including both males and females between 40-60 years, already diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis were selected. The sample was collected using a nonprobability convenient sampling method and was assigned groups (A or B) with 15 subjects each. Group A received a moist pack for 15 minutes, active ROM exercises, and Muscle Energy Technique (MET). Group B received a moist pack for 15 minutes, active ROM exercises, and Maitland mobilization. Both the groups were treated 2 times a week for 2 weeks and were told to continue the exercises at home. All the subjects were measured for pain and disability by SPADI, and ROM using a goniometer on 1st day on the 15th day after treatment. Result: There were 20 (66.6%) male and 10(33.4%) female participants. There was significant improvement at post-treatment levels in pain and ROM and SPADI in both groups. Although ROM improvement and pain reduction was improved in both groups but statistically significant (p<0.05) between group shown Maitland was superior to MET. Conclusion: Maitland Mobilization is more effective in reducing pain and increasing function and Disability among the patients having Adhesive Capsulitis as compared to MET for Pain, ROM and shoulder functions.
Medicinal Effect of Zinc for the cure of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Rizwan Bahisht , Sani Affifa , Niazi Madiha Khan , Azam Muhammad Barkaat , Fatima Tahira , Bano Sadia , Jaffar Hafiza Madiha , Masood Iqra
Published: January 2022

Autism spectrum is a disorder of cognitive deficiency and repetitive-sensory functionality and behavior. Due to uncertain diagnosis on the base of biomarker, it could be diagnosed on the base of clinical presentation for example irritable behavior towards social circle, and tendency of being isolate themselves along with speech problems and diminished interest in daily activities of life. ASD prevalence has been noticed high in male than females. There are about 350,000 autistic patients in Pakistan. Early screening and social awareness are the most controlled way to overcome the severity of disorder. Among the risk factor of maternal pathology, pollution and use of drugs, diet lacked mainly in zinc and other micro nutrients during phase of pregnancy play important role to affect the fetus brain function and structure. Autistic child being deficient in zinc nutrient affects their dietary choices in a way that their taste buds and olfactory sense don’t function well in food selection that is highly depend on zinc function in body result in malnutrition in the ASD children. This behavior shows a strong relation between high zinc diet and control of Autism symptoms. Ketogenic diet, gluten and casein free diets might be beneficial in autism according to some studies. Zinc, being the utmostrich trace metal in brain and is very crucial for neurodevelopment and pathological process of autism. SHANK proteins are principal scaffolding proteins and are vital for synthesis and function of synapses. The mutation in shank genes result in impairment of nerve transmission in autism patients. Zinc level is associated with optimal functioning of shank proteins and its deficiency may lead to inactivation of these proteins. In this review, we have discussed the regulation of SHANK 3 and its activation which are zinc dependent and result the elevated synaptic transmission.
RELATIONSHIP OF TOTAL ENDURANCE ON JOB PERFORMANCE IN EDUCATIONAL SECTORS
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad Saad , Zafar Ibraheem , Butt Nimrah , Masood Ramsha , Amir Zurwa
Published: January 2022

To determine the relationship of cardiorespiratory endurance on job performance in educational sectors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using non probability sampling technique on a sample size of 90 participants. Sample was taken from University of Lahore Gujrat campus. The duration of the study was from July- Septempter2019.Cardiac endurance was assessed by 3-minute step test technique. Job performance of participants was analyzed by work performance questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. Chi square and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data. Results: A sample sizeof 90 participants was taken.  Result showed that job performance of most workers in a job similar to yours associated with pulse status with p value 0.007 which was ≤0.05 which shows that it is significant. Spearman correlation was -.283 indicates weak and inverse relationship between both variables. The result of job performance over past year or two associated with pulse status has p value 0.00 which was ≤0.05 which shows that result is significant. Spearman correlation was -.483 indicates weak and inverse relationship between both variables. The result of overall performance on the day you work during the past 7 days associated with pulse status has p value 0.001 which was ≤0.05 which shows that it is significant. Spearman correlation was -.337 indicates weak and inverse relationship between both variables. Conclusions: This research concluded that work performance, absenteeism, mental health and work productivity is significantly affected by cardiorespiratory endurance on faculty in educational sectors. Cardiorespiratory endurance should be increased for overall health because due to decreased cardiorespiratory endurance person will be more predisposed to heart and related other diseases which will eventually leads to more absenteeism and poor job performance.
EVALUATING THE ASSOCIATION OF KERATOCONUS WITH CONSANGUINITY
Authors: Awan Zainab , Sharif Aysha , Awais Waheeba , Rashid Rizwan , Malik Saad , Haidar Zeshan , Faridi Tallat anwar
Published: January 2022

To determine the relation between consanguinity and keratoconus (KC).  Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Ophthalmology department of The University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore from 12th February to 18th June, 2021. Methods:A comparative cross sectional study was carried out to find the relation between consanguinity and keratoconus. 30 KC diagnosed patients were included in the study according to sample size. A self administered questionnaire was made to collect information about demographic data, various KC findings, clinical signs andnature of marriage between the parents of the participants. Results:Out of 30recruitedKC patients with age ranging between 10-30 years, 13 subjects were male and 17 were female. 56.7% of patients reported with first parental cousin marriage, 26.7% with second, 6.7% with third and 10% with out of family parental marriages. Relation between consanguinity and KC was obtained with P< 0.05, showing the results were significant. Results showed that the patients whose parents had consanguinity of first degree were more susceptible to the disease and had more severe keratoconus than rest of the population. Conclusion:This study supports the hypothesis that a significant direct association between keratoconus and consanguinity persists. Results show, risk of Keratoconus development is much higher in parental consanguinity of first degree than other type of intermarriages. KC in such susceptible group was observed to be more progressive.