bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF HUMOUR CREATION IN CREOLIZED TEXTS OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING ANIMATION COMEDIES BASED ON INTERACTION OF VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL MEANS
Authors: Yurkovska Maiia
Published: August 2022

The article reflects the results of the research of methods and means of achieving the comic effect in semiotically heterogeneous texts of English-speaking animated comedies. In addition to language play, which is provided by the arsenal of multilevel linguistic and stylistic means and covers all layers of the text, it is natural that in texts of this type an important role in achieving comic effect belongs to nonverbal means in interaction with verbal. It is revealed that the comic effect is achieved as a result of an artificially created contradiction between the content of the verbal and visual components; inconsistency between visual and verbal data, in other words, the inclusion of the verbal component in the opposite content of the the non-verbal context; unfulfilled expectations that arise in the viewer after the verbal or visual message; assimilation of the meaning of verbal signs to visual signs.
COMPRESSION OF SCIENTIFIC, SPECIALTY TEXT AS THE FORMATION OF A PROFESSIONAL, FOREIGN LANGUAGE, COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE OF FOREIGN STUDENTS
Authors: Heina Oksana
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the problem of preparing foreign students of specialized specialties for professionally oriented intercultural communication. Problems related to various methods and techniques of communicative-oriented learning are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the process of professional foreign language training, which should be aimed at the development of creative personality, its self-improvement, the formation of socially active and independent people in the context of intercultural dialogue, the disclosure of creative potential. The basic principles of realization of the communicative approach as a communicative method of teaching speech activity in the specialty in foreign language classes (Ukrainian, Russian) are formulated. The main features of the presentation as one of the types of information processing of the text as a practical result of research conducted in the framework of interactive forms of learning. The stages of preparation of foreign students to create and conduct a presentation on the specialty in foreign language classes (Ukrainian, Russian) are considered. The importance of formation of foreign language communicative competence in the context of professional training of future specialists is proved, attention is focused on one of the main types of information processing of professional text – compression. The list of features of presentation as one of the types of compression of a scientific text is given, the main stages of preparation of foreign students for creating and conducting a presentation in the specialty in foreign language classes (Ukrainian, Russian) are analyzed. It is proved that teaching compression is the formation of students’ culture of working with scientific text, improving skills and abilities of understanding, analysis of scientific text and writing a secondary scientific text based on the disclosure of the semantic structure of the original text.
MOTIVATION AS A KEY COMPONENT OF LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE AT A TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY (FROM THE TEACHING EXPERIENCE OF GERMAN LANGUAGE)
Authors: Smyrnova Maya , Afanasieva Larysa , Miroshnychenko Iryna
Published: August 2022

This article deals with the growing role of foreign languages in modern society, about the urgent problem of motivation in the study of foreign languages on the example of the German language at a technical university, about ways to increase it. Various approaches to the study of the problem of motivation by scientists from different countries are described. The main factors contributing to the formation of motivation for learning a foreign language (German) are analysed. The authors of the article consider motivation in learning a foreign language as an internal driving force that makes a student spend time and effort in learning a foreign language. Knowledge of foreign languages is becoming one of the main factors of both socio-economic and general cultural progress of society. The individualization of the learning process is shown to a high degree, when a large number of internal and external variables that interact with each other play a huge role in the study of a foreign language. A very important factor in this context is student motivation, as not only an incentive to learn a language, but also as a lever that promotes learning. The types of motivations, the difference between the concepts of “motivation” and “motive” are described in details. The motive is shown as a subjective psychological reality. Motivation depends on human relationships. On the one hand, this is intrinsic motivation, i.e. a set of internal, psychological factors that determine and direct human behaviour. On the other hand, motivation can depend on human relationships, that is, be external. The authors of the article show that motivation is the main component of learning activities. It is intrinsic motivation that leads to the best results in studies, but it is necessary to develop both types of motivations in students. The study substantiates the conclusion that the motivation of students to learn a foreign language (German) is absolutely necessary to develop throughout the entire learning process. The article is of particular interest foreign language teachers, linguists.
ENDOPHASE FORM OF SPEECH IN POSTMODERN DISCOURSE (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE STORY OF S. ANDRUKHOVYCH “FELIX AUSTRIA”)
Authors: Torchynska Nataliia
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the works, the objects of which are different forms of improper direct speech representation by the example of Ukrainian and foreign language artistic discourses. Turning to human inner world, the ambiguity of his thoughts, feelings, behavior encourages writers to choose a certain style of presentation, where endophasy, ie internal, improperly direct, forms of actors' speech played an important role. The lack of single clear structure, typology and definition of the essence of improper direct speech in scientific research is due to the constant evolution of artistic speech, individual styles of writers who, even in their own works, can change the ways of representing a foreign language. The purpose of the article is to characterize the specifics of improper direct speech construction, to find out the functions of endophasy (inner) forms which Sofia Andrukhovych used in the novel “Feliх Austria”. The analysis focuses on the syntactic (availability of specific syntactic constructions), lexical (the use of subjective-evaluative lexemes with positive and negative connotations), morphological (the use of appropriate verbal-pronominal units), structural (representation of a certain number of sentences – from syntactically unarticulated construction to a complex syntactic integer) aspects that are inherent in the design and separation of inner speech in postmodern discourse. Thus, endophasy (inner) forms of speech in the novel is aimed at understanding their “I”, knowledge of the inner world, determining their own place in society, trying to find motivation for their own actions and people around them.
PROPER NAMES OF NATURAL SATELLITES OF THE PLANETS: DENOTATIC-CHARACTERISTIC, ETHYMOLOGICAL-WORD-FORMING AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES
Authors: Torchynskyi Mykhailo
Published: August 2022

According to the International Astronomical Union, 317 natural satellites have been discovered, including 199 space objects with official names. There are also 243 alternative names. During the analysis it was established that such onyms belong to the onym field of space objects’ names, subfield of cosmoorbitonyms, segment of monocosmoorbitonyms. They are abionyms, realonyms, individual micro-, meso- and macro-names. Official forms are simple new and newest nominal propriatives of artificial origin, which have a known and opaque etymology, borrowed from ancient Greek and other languages, formed by the actual semanticization, mainly from mythonyms. They are variable or unchangeable. Alternative forms are new and newest associative-qualitative names of artificial origin, which have a known and transparent etymology. They are syntactically formed most often from names of space objects and numerals. Thus, they are derived from onyms and appellatives and are hybrid names, mostly unchangeable. The main functions of natural satellite names are nominative and informative, which are relatively common in scientific and artistic styles. Such onyms mostly do not have connotative, associative, symbolic and ethnocultural features and differences in pronunciation and writing, belong to the macroconcept “Expanse” and the mesoconcept “Space” and at the same time – to passive vocabulary, are used in language, are little known. They are low-frequency and emotionally neutral. In the future, it is planned to characterize other categories of proper names of space objects according to this algorithm: asteroids, galaxies, stars, comets, constellations, etc.
SEMANTIC AND PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC FEATURES OF UKRAINIAN LULLABIES
Authors: Nykoliuk Tamara , Shkliaieva Natalia , Shkliaieva Iryna
Published: August 2022

It has been found that modern parents sing lullabies, but they do not remember them, while the collections collected by informants born in the 23-30s contain 100-200 lullabies. It is found that Ukrainian lullabies are the way of interaction between the performer and the child and are a kind of influence on the baby’s sensory system. Using the theory of D. Grinder and R. Bandler, the linguistic (discrete) map of lullabies is analyzed and it is determined that the images in lullabies are presented in visual, auditory, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory representative systems. The greatest influence by the performer to the listener is through kinesthetic and visual systems. The soothing effect of lullabies is in the monotony achieved through simplicity of content and with the help of anaphora. In some lullabies, language constructions are similar to the incantation. In some texts of lullabies a certain positive picture of the world about the happy future life of the child is formed. The girls have different pictures than boys. Some lullabies celebrate an attractive life, such songs perform a therapeutic function. Some lullabies resemble a notebook: the performer “chants” the next plans for the day. Cradles have the effect of situational psychotherapy, in which the mother complains to the child her own worries, for example, she complains that she has been left a widow or complains that her family has left her. Many songs reveal not only the psychological state of the performer, but also the physical (mostly a fatigue state). A separate type of lullabies are those that use the technique of cartoons. There are also cursing lullabies. Lullabies like fairy tales at night have a narrative character. These are simple stories in a song form.
TOPICAL LEARNING PARADIGMS FOR ONLINE EDUCATION
Authors: Storchak Oleg
Published: August 2022

Affordances of information-communication technology enable faculty to migrate the face-to-face courses into an online environment within a rapid time frame. Leaning problems are approached from varied theoretical perspectives. An eclectic approach to teaching and learning could combine a traditional educational perspective with the perspectives of constructivism, social constructivism, sociocultural theory and experientialism. The vital factors in online education are teacher guidance, collaboration with peers, social interaction, language, culture, the structured activity of instruction, teaching methods, assessment of the evolving cognitive capacities in students, feedback, remedial activity, changing environment, recurring patterns, memorization and rote learning. The teacher is a facilitator in the learning process. The learner is active in gaining knowledge. Mediation between the learner and the material to be learned is carried out through the teacher and organized learning activity. Discourse is an educational focus. Thought is seen as internalized discourse. Reality is a personal concept as every person constructs their own version of reality. Knowledge is a social construct. Social and individual processes are interdependent in the construction of knowledge. Meaning and thought are embodied. People are not free to think anything as the same neural and cognitive mechanisms are involved in perception, movement, conceptualization and reasoning.
FEMININITIES IN THE TEXTS OF THE SLOVAK PEOPLE’S CORPUS 20–30 TH. OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Machek Viktoriya
Published: August 2022

Changes in the women’s social status, their establishment in various spheres of professional and socio-political activities have led to the need to present women in life spheres, including those that have traditionally been considered male. Therefore, it is quite logical that in the Slavic languages, which developed in the space of post-patriarchal society, the female names are most often formed from male personal names. However, the regularity of their creation, even in closely related languages, is different. The article is devoted to the Slovak language in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century feminine subsystem development state. The productivity of the main word-forming feminizing forms of the Slovak language is studied on the basis of the texts of the Slovak National Corpus, the frequency of using female names of different lexical and semantic groups is studied, The character and tradition of the development of the Slovak language feminine subsystem, the neighboring Czech language influences on this subsystem, which were inevitable during the existence of the joint Czechoslovak state formation, are outlined. Particular attention is paid to the characterization of femininities to denote a woman as a socially active person. There are tendencies to the regularity of the creation of paired female correlates to male gender and personal names. The results of the research can be used to study certain language processes in Slavic languages in a comparative aspect, in particular, to study the female lexicon of the Western Ukrainian version of the Ukrainian language, which in the 20-30s of the 20th century developed in close contact with the languages of the Western Slavs.
Multiscale modelling of phosphate…π contacts in RNA U-turns reveals AMBER force-field deficiencies
Authors: Mráziková Klaudia , Kruse Holger , Mlýnský Vojtěch , Auffinger Pascal , Šponer Jiří
Published: August 2022

Phosphate…π, also called anion…π, contacts occur between nucleobases and phosphate OP oxygens in r(GNRA) and r(UNNN) U-turn motifs (N = A,G,C,U; R = A,G). We investigated these contacts in detail by using state-of-the-art quantum chemical methods (QM) to characterize some of their physico-chemical properties and to evaluate the ability of the AMBER force field (AFF) to describe these contacts. We found that AFF interaction energies of phosphate…π contacts calculated for model dimethyl phosphate…nucleobase systems are less stabilizing in comparison with double-hybrid DFT methods and that the minimum contact distances are stretched for all nucleobase systems. This distance stretch is also observed in large-scale AFF computations on several r(gcGNRAgc) tetraloop hairpins when compared to QM/MM. Further, classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of these tetraloop hairpins confirm this distance stretch and reveal shifted OP2/nucleobase positions when compared to experimental data extracted from high-resolution X ray/cryo EM structures (≤ 2.5 Å) of r(GNRA) tetraloops using the WebFR3D bioinformatic tool. We propose that discrepancies between QM and AFF are caused by a combination of missing polarization, too large AFF Lennard-Jones (LJ) radii of nucleobase carbon atoms and exaggerated short-range repulsion due to an approximate r−12 LJ repulsive term. We put these results in regard with those obtained in earlier investigations on lone pair…π contacts occurring in CpG Z-steps. Charge-transfer calculations do not support any significant n->π* donation effects and hence this label is inappropriate. We also investigated thiophosphate…π contacts for which we calculated less stabilizing interaction energies than for the phosphate…π contacts. We thus challenge suggestions that the experimentally observed enhanced thermodynamic stability of phosphorothioated r(GNRA) tetraloops can be straightforwardly explained by larger London dispersion.
Systematic investigation of selected bio-molecules, potentially effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 via in-silico analysis
Authors: Vanzara Akash , Ambasana Saloni , Patel Swati , Patel Vishal , Soni Hardik , Trivedi Vikram
Published: August 2022

There have been millions of cases of Corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) with high infectious properties around the globe during the year 2019. The situation has fostered urgency among scientists to develop a novel treatment. As the mortality rate was higher due to the high spreading properties, few medications were prescribed by health experts viz. Remdesivir, dexamethasone, azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine. Although now a drug has been approved and a vaccines have been administered to alleviate the symptoms and counter the situation; another avenue that can help is an alternative Ayurvedic treatment that is safe and has no adverse effects. Hence, this study is conducted on chosen promising plants that are blessed with potent chemical constituents. The literature survey reveals that these chmical constituents helps to strengthen the body’s immune system, reduce inflammation, provide antioxidants, and improve body’s resistance. Therefore, in the present study, In-silico analysis of selected markers against 6LU7, the protein crystallographic structure of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro was performed. The obtained mean binding energy of all compounds viz. Nobiletin, Tangeretin, sideroxylonal C, Coriandron, Epicatechin, epigallactocatechin gallate, luteolin, Ombuin, Tamarixetin, 6-deacetylnimbin, nimbolide, Tricin were noted as -5.66, -6.00, -6.46, -6.40, -6.91, -6.51, -6.34, -6.46, -6.99, -6.82, -6.51, -7.85, -6.35 kcal/mol respectively. In addition, 9 of the bioactive markers, such as Nobiletin, Tangeretin, Epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), Ombuin, Tamarixetin, and nimbolide, show similar binding active sites with synthetic compound Remdesivir. viz. PHE140, CYS145, GLU166, GLN189. The investigation also focuses on ADMET modeling, binding energy scores, and binding affinity. However, prerequisite of vaccination is an important key to break the spreading of infection.
Photoprogrammable Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence Switching of Chiral Helical Polyacetylene Thin Films
Authors: Huang Zizhao , He Zhenyi , Ding Bingbing , Tian He , Ma Xiang
Published: August 2022

The developments of pure organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have significantly facilitated the future integration and systemization of luminescent material in fundamental science and technological applications. Herein, a new type of photoinduced circularly polarized RTP materials was constructed by homogeneously dispersing phosphorescent chiral helical substituted polyacetylenes into a processable poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. This substituted polyacetylenes play vital roles in the propagation of CPL and present prominently optical characteristics with high absorption and luminescent dissymmetric factors up to 0.029 (gabs) and 0.019 (glum). The oxygen consumption properties of PMMA films under UV light irradiation endowed materials with dynamic chiro-optical functionality, which can leverage of light to precisely control and manipulate the circularly polarized RTP properties with the remarkable advantages of being contactless, wireless and fatigue-resistant. Significantly, the distinct materials with dynamic properties can be used as novel anti-counterfeiting materials involving photoprogrammability.
Boronated Cyanometallates
Authors: McNicholas Brendon , Nie Cherish , Jose Anex , Oyala Paul , Takase Michael , Henling Larry , Barth Alexandra , Amaolo Alessio , Hadt Ryan , Solomon Edward , Winkler Jay , Gray Harry , Despagnet-Ayoub Emmanuelle
Published: August 2022

Fourteen boronated cyanometallates ([M(CN-BR3)6]3/4/5– (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Os, R = BPh3, B(2,4,6,-F3C6H2)3, B(C6F5)3) have been characterized by X-ray crystallography and spectroscopy [UV-vis-NIR, NMR, IR, spectroelectrochemistry, and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD)]; CASSCF+NEVPT2 methods were employed in calculations of electronic structures. For (t2g)5 electronic configurations, the lowest energy ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) absorptions and MCD C terms in the spectra of boronated species have been assigned to transitions from cyanide σ+π + B-C borane σ orbitals. CASSCF+NEVPT2 calculations including t1u and t2u orbitals reproduced t1u/t2u → t2g excitation energies. All ([M(CN-BR3)6]3/4− complexes exhibited highly electrochemically reversible redox couples. Notably, the formal potentials of all five [M(CN-B(C6F5)3)6]3− anions scale with LMCT energies; and Mn(I) and Cr(II) compounds, (K(18-crown-6))5[Mn(CN-B(C6F5)3)6] and (TBA)4[Cr(CN-B(C6F5)3)6], are surprisingly stable. Continuous wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (hyperfine sublevel correlation) spectra were collected for all Cr(III) complexes; as expected, 14N hyperfine splittings are greater for (TBA)3[Cr(NC-BPh3)6] than for (TBA)3[Cr(CN-BPh3)6]. Using (TBA)4[Fe(CN-B(C6F5)3)6] and (TBA)3[Fe(CN)6], a model flow battery was constructed and found to have an 80% energy effi-ciency.
Ultra-stable metallic freestanding multilayer borophene with elevated work function
Authors: Zheng Bing , He Jing , Xie Ying , Qian Yin-yin , Zhang Jiao , Wang Zhe , Tang Yi-nan , Cui Li-ying , Wu Yin-mei , Yang Lin , Yu Hai-tao
Published: August 2022

Understanding the structural stability of freestanding multilayer borophene is crucial because the interlayer interaction effect can lead to a new stabilized mechanism that can play a key role in determining the probability of its experimental realization, as evidenced by two recent experimental studies (substrate-supported bilayer α- [Nat. Mater. 2021, 21, 35] and β12-like borophene [Nat. Chem. 2022, 14, 25]). This study examines the structural stability of 1–3-layer structures of five typical borophene classes (α, χ3, β12, δ6, and δ3), and the results obtained indicate that α-borophene (BBP) exhibits the most favorable stability in the 1–3-layer series. Accordingly, the structural stabilities, electronic structures, and work functions of 1–5-layer BBP are investigated systematically. The reduced interlayer bonds, as well as increased binding and interlayer interaction energy with an increasing layer number, demonstrate that both the interlayer interaction and stability are enhanced, as confirmed by ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Moreover, metallicity and in-plane multi-centered bonding remain in the four multilayer structures. Remarkably, the interlayer bonding shifts from the isolated covalent dominant B–B bonds (2-/3-layer) to 5- or 6-centered localized bonds with mixed covalent and ionic components (4-/5-layer) via electronic localization function and bond population analyses. The interlayer and in-plane multi-centered bonds lead to the formation of an unprecedented interconnected 2D tubular geometry (α-type boron nanotubes), which significantly enhances the interlayer bonding strength, resulting in highly stable 4- and 5-layer BBP. The work functions of 4- and 5-layer BBP, in particular, are similar to those of the frequently used Pt anode material; therefore, they are considered highly attractive anode materials for applications in electronic devices.
Particle or Cluster: On the Atomic Structure of the Seeds Used in Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis
Authors: Qiao Liang , Pollard Nia , Senanayake Ravithree , Yang Zhi , Kim Minjung , Ali Arzeena , Hoang Minh Tam , Yao Nan , Han Yimo , Hernandez Rigoberto , Clayborne Andre , Jones Matthew
Published: August 2022

Seed-mediated synthesis strategies, in which small nanoparticle precursors are added to a growth solution to initiate heterogeneous nucleation, are among the most prevalent, simple, and productive methodologies for generating well-defined colloidal anisotropic nanostructures. Here, we identify the majority component in the seed solution as an atomically-precise gold nanocluster, consisting of a 32 atom Au core with 8 halide ligands and 12 neutral ligands constituting a bound ion pair between a halide and the cationic surfactant: Au32X8[AQA+•X-]12 (X = Cl, Br; AQA = alkyl quaternary ammonium). Ligand exchange is dynamic and versatile, occurring on the order of minutes and allowing for the formation of 48 distinct Au32 clusters with AQAX (alkyl quaternary ammonium halide) ligands. Anisotropic nanoparticle syntheses seeded with solutions enriched in Au32X8[AQA+•X-]12 show narrower size distributions and fewer impurity particle shapes, indicating the importance of this cluster as a precursor to the growth of well-defined nanostructures.
Catalyst Assisted Selective Vinylation and Methylallylation of Quaternary Carbon Centre by using tert-Butyl Acetate
Authors: Mohanta Nirmala , M. Pandey Akanksha , Mondal Shankhajit , Boopathy Gnanaprakasam
Published: August 2022

The In(OTf)3-catalyzed α-vinylation of various hydroxy functionalized quaternary carbon centre by using isobutylene generated in situ from tert-butyl acetate is presented as first synthetic methodology. Moreover, tert-butyl acetate is non-flammable feedstock and is a readily available source for the in-situ production of vinyl substituents, demonstrated vinylation reaction with quaternary hydroxy/methoxy compounds. Moreover, an excellent selectivity for the methylallylation over the vinylation was obtained with Ni(OTf)2. In case of peroxyoxindole, methylallyl functionalized 1,4-benzoxazin-3-one derivatives were formed through the sequential rearrangement of peroxyoxindole and the nucleophilic attack by isobutylene. The detailed mechanism for this reaction has been provided based on the preliminary experiments and kinetics studies.
Reward Type Affects Dogs' Performance in the Cylinder Task
Authors: Krichbaum Sarah , Lazarowski Lucia
Published: August 2022

The cylinder task, which requires detouring around an obstacle to retrieve a reward, is a popular method for assessing inhibitory control in dogs and other species. However, performance on the cylinder task has poor construct validity represented by its lack of correlations with other inhibitory control measures, ceiling effects, and influence of non-cognitive factors. In the current study we examined whether reward type affected dogs’ performance in the cylinder task. We compared working-line Labrador retrievers' (n = 38) performance on two conditions of the cylinder task, one with a treat and another with a ball reward, and found that dogs performed significantly better when a treat was used. Our secondary goal was to determine if how we defined a dog’s response changed interpretation of the results. We found better performance when a narrower definition of an inhibitory control failure was used. Further, under one condition of reward type and response definition, cylinder task performance was predicted by another measure of inhibitory control (Dog Impulsivity Assessment Scale scores). These findings are the first to show the effect of reward type on cylinder task performance as well as a relationship between the cylinder task and another measure of inhibitory control in dogs. We discuss these results in relation to previous findings on the effects of task features on cylinder task performance and its construct validity.
A Comparative Test of Creative Thinking in Preschool Children and Dolphins
Authors: Melzer Dawn , Yeater Deidre , Bradley Madison , Hill Heather , Guerra Gonzalo , Salazar Kimberly , Bolton Teresa , Dudzinski Kathleen
Published: August 2022

Creativity is considered one aspect of intelligence. Including creativity allows for more room for expression (e.g., participants can respond with movement instead of written or verbal responses) than in standard intelligence assessments. The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT; Torrance, 1974) are the leading method of assessing creative abilities in school-aged humans and above. To assess creativity in young humans and nonhuman animals, modifications must be made to facilitate nonverbal responses. In the current study, a cross-species comparison was conducted between preschoolers and bottlenose dolphins to examine responses to a modified creativity task in which both species were trained to demonstrate non-repeated behaviors to an “innovate” prompt. The resulting behaviors for the first test session were coded for fluency (number of non-repeated behaviors demonstrated), originality, and flexibility (low, moderate, or high activity level). Children and dolphins produced a similar number of non-repeated behaviors during individual test trials and also had similar originality scores. Related to flexibility, dolphins displayed more low energy activity levels compared to the children. Given the limited understanding of creative abilities in animals and young children, this comparison using a modified version of the TTCT offers exciting possibilities. These results could provide further evidence of similarities in cognitive processes for humans and nonhuman animals.
Colonoscopic Profile of Lower Gastrointestinal Bleed in Adults: A Tertiary Care Centre Based Study
Authors: Fahad Dadu  , Sachin Dhande  , Mahendrakumar Kalappan  , Jagadeesan Mohanan  , Magesh Kumar Sivanesan  , Damodharan Jeyachandran
Published: August 2022

Lower Gastro intestinal (LGIB) bleeding is one of the most important clinical symptoms which have significant morbidity and mortality. It has an annual admission rate of 0.15% with mortality rate of 5-10%. LGIB can be caused by a number of causes, including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Colonoscopy is the gold standard diagnostic measure which is a simple, convenient and cost-effective procedure. The present study aimed to assess the Colonoscopic profile of LGIB presented to our tertiary care centre. This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted in a tertiary health care centre. A total number of 58 adult subjects with LGIB aged above 18 years were recruited over a period of six months after obtaining written informed consent. All included patients underwent detailed history, clinical examination, blood tests and colonoscopic evaluation. Results were analysed. In our study among the 58 subjects (n=33) were males, which were equal to 57%. The majority of our patients were between the mean age of 31-40 years. Most colonoscopic findings were suggestive of ulcerative colitis, which equalled to 31%. Other different aetiologies of LGIB were as following: carcinoma of the colon (15%), haemorrhoids (15%), colonic polyps (14%) carcinoma of anal canal (5%) and so on. The majority of our patients had moderate anaemia, which was equal to 45% and this was due to persistent LGIB. The incidence of lower GI bleeding increased with increasing age among our patients. The leading cause of lower GI bleeding was found to be ulcerative colitis. The prevalence of colon cancer increases with increase in age. It was followed by CA colon, haemorrhoids, and colonic polyps; hence colonoscopy is recommended in all patients with chronic LGIB.
Complete Issue
Authors: Dénommé-Welch Spy , McNeil Barbara
Published: August 2022

Complete Issue for 28(1)
A Commentary: Education in Canada - Does Anyone Read Our Constitution?
Authors: Phillips Ron S
Published: August 2022

Education in Canada is generally considered to be within the exclusive domain of the thirteen provincial and territorial governments.  There are numerous statements or writings from politicians, textbook authors, federal and provincial governments, researchers, newspaper columnists, as well as education organizations that state unequivocally that education in Canada is the exclusive jurisdiction of the provinces and territories.  Some statements indicate that the federal government has no constitutional role in education.  Such misinformation and beliefs have had severe consequences for First Nations as Canadians absolve federal inaction in First Nations education because ‘education is a provincial responsibility’.  However, education in Canada is the constitutional responsibility of both the federal and provincial/territorial governments.  This article will examine the federal government’s constitutional responsibility in education, as well as the consequences of the misinformation.
Graduate Literacy Students’ Reading Completion
Authors: Rak Linda , Olmstead Kathleen , Zhang Jie , Pelttari Carole
Published: August 2022

Course reading completion enhances student learning and helps deepen students’ thinking about concepts and ideas presented in class.  To better understand the students’ reading completion and the factors which impact course reading compliance, the researchers engaged in an action research with 434 students enrolled in six graduate level literacy courses, or 28 classes, over nine years from 2009 through 2017.  The researchers shared the results and discussed recommendations to Literacy instructors for course improvement.
Editorial
Authors: Norris Trevor
Published: August 2022

Editorial for Volume 31, Issue 1.
Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) Infusion into Curricula: Influences on Students’ Understandings of Sustainable Development and ESD
Authors: Ferguson Therese , Roofe Carmel , Cook Loraine D. , Bramwell-Lalor Sharon , Hordatt Gentles Carol
Published: August 2022

Formal education for sustainable development (ESD) is in large part dependent on capacity-building and training of teachers as they are the individuals who must both deliver ESD at the classroom level as well as utilise their own knowledge, values and skills in support of sustainability. In this research, teacher educators within a higher education institution in Jamaica undertook a collaborative action research project to infuse ESD into their selected undergraduate and postgraduate courses during the spring semester of the 2018/19 academic year. Data were collected from approximately 140 students through the use of a pre- and post-infusion concept map, which sought to ascertain various facets including students’ level of awareness and perspectives on sustainable development and ESD. Preliminary findings indicate that students’ understanding of sustainable development broadened after the courses, with most students believing that sustainable development involves social, economic and environmental improvements that do not come at the expense of our natural resources. Additionally, students’ thoughts about ESD shifted, with students highlighting aspects of the interdisciplinary nature of ESD and ESD as involving equitable and inclusive education, as well as attitudinal and behavioural changes. The findings of this research are significant in highlighting how the intentional infusion of ESD into courses across various specialisations can enhance students’ knowledge and awareness of sustainable development and ESD.
What’s In a Name? The Signifiers and Empty Signifiers of Environmental Sustainability Education: Implications for Teacher Education
Authors: Karrow Douglas D. , Fazio Xavier , Zandvliet David
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this article is to examine how signifiers and empty signifiers may contribute to the mainstreaming of environmental and sustainability education in teacher education. We argue that the moniker of environmental and sustainability education is an empty signifier in that it fails to convey meaning about what it signifies. Tracing the history of the pre- sustainability, sustainability, and post-sustainability field signifiers, and their respective sub- field signifiers (e.g., environmental education and education for sustainable development), we conduct a philosophical inquiry, augmented by a modified form of semiotic analysis, to expose the degree to which these signifiers are empty. The limitations and benefits of empty signification are explored through philosophical interpretation. Implications of empty signifier limitations are considered in teacher education and the manner in which they may contribute to the unsuccessful mainstreaming of environmental and sustainability education in teacher education. We conclude that a core or compulsory environmental and sustainability education course should be mandated in teacher education to ensure that all teacher candidates receive the education they require to educate future generations of children to live well on Earth.
Sputtering of Oxides from LaNi5 Surface
Authors: Litvinov Viktor O. , Okseniuk Ivan I. , Shevchenko Dmitriy I. , Bobkov Valentin V.
Published: August 2022

The changes in chemical composition of the intermetallic alloy LaNi5 surface monolayers were studied using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in the process of the alloy interaction with oxygen. The investigated samples were pellets made by pressing the fine-grained LaNi5 alloy. Ar+ ions having energies of 10-18 keV were used as primary ions. The primary beam current density was 9-17 μA·cm-2, which corresponds to the dynamic SIMS mode. The emission intensities of secondary ions were measured within the dynamic range of at least 6 orders of magnitude. Before the measurements, the samples were annealed in residual vacuum at a temperature of ~ 1000 K. After the annealing, the sample surface was cleaned using the primary ion beam until the mass-spectrum composition and secondary ion emission intensity stabilized completely. The gas phase composition was monitored using a gas mass spectrometer. The conducted studies showed that a complex chemical structure including oxygen, lanthanum, and nickel is formed on the surface and in the near-surface region of LaNi5 as a result of its exposure to oxygen. Oxygen forms strong chemical bonds in such a structure with both components of the alloy. This is evidenced by the presence of a large set of oxygen containing emissions of positive and negative secondary ions with lanthanum, with nickel, and oxygen containing lanthanum-nickel cluster secondary ions in mass spectra. The resulting oxide compounds have a bulk structure and occupy dozens of monolayers. In such a bulk oxide structure, the outer monolayers are characterized by the highest ratio of oxygen atom number to the number of matrix atoms. This ratio decreases along the transition from the surface to the underlying monolayers. This process occurs uniformly, without any phase transformation. The observed secondary ions are not a product of association between sputtered surface fragments and oxygen in the gas phase at the fly-off stage after sputter-ejection, but they are products of the oxide compounds being sputtered, hence they characterize the composition of surface and near-surface region.
Peculiarities in the Structure Formation and Corrosion of Quasicrystalline Al65Co20Cu15 Alloy in Neutral and Acidic Media
Authors: Sukhova Olena V. , Polonskyy Volodymyr A.
Published: August 2022

In the present study, the structure and corrosion properties of quasicrystalline conventionally solidified Al65Co20Cu15 alloy cooled at 5 К/s were investigated. Structure was characterized by metallography, X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Corrosion properties were determined by gravimetric and potentiodynamic methods at room temperature. The investigations performed confirm the peritectic formation of stable quasicrystalline decagonal D-phase that coexists with crystalline Al4(Co,Cu)3 and Al3(Cu,Co)2 phases in the structure of Al65Co20Cu15 alloy. According to energy dispersive spectroscopy, the stoichiometric composition of D-phase is Al63Co24Cu13. The susceptibility of the Al65Co20Cu15 alloy to corrosion significantly decreases with increasing pH from 1.0 (acidic media) to 7.0 (neutral medium). A corrosion rate of the Al65Co20Cu15 alloy in the aqueous acidic solutions (pH=1.0) increases in the order HNO3®HCl®H2SO4®H3PO4. The mass of the specimens decreases in the solutions of H2SO4 or H3PO4 and increases in the solutions of HNO3 or HCl which relates to different rate ratios of accumulation and dissolution of corrosion products. The Al65Co20Cu15 alloy exhibits the highest corrosion resistance in the NaCl solution (pH=7.0) in which it corrodes under electrochemical mechanism with oxygen depolarization. The better corrosion resistance in sodium chloride solution is achieved due to the formation of passive chemical compounds blocking the surface. Free corrosion potential of the Al65Co20Cu15 alloy has value –0.43 V, the electrochemical passivity region extends from –1.0 V to –0.4 V, and a corrosion current density amounts to 0.18 mА/сm2. Depending on media, two typical surface morphologies are revealed after corrosion of quasicrystalline specimens of the Al65Co20Cu15 alloy. In the H2SO4 and H3PO4 acidic solutions, clean specimens’ surface due to its homogeneous dissolution is observed except for the more defective areas, such as boundaries of crystalline Al3(Cu,Co)2 phase containing less Co, which dissolve at a higher rate. In the HNO3, HCl or NaCl solutions, a porous layer on the surface is formed which is visually revealed as surface darkening. After staying in the NaCl solution, on the surface of the Al65Co20Cu15 alloy, the pits are also found due to preferential dissolution of components where the boundaries of Al3(Cu,Co)2 phase and flaws are located.
Determination of Calibration X-Ray Beam Qualities and Establish a Set of Conversion Coefficients for Calibration of Radiation Protection Devices Used in Diagnostic Radiology
Authors: Siddiqua Tanjim , Rahman Md. Shakilur , Sanaullah Md. , Mitu Zohora Akter , Hossain Imran , Rubai Sadeka Sultana
Published: August 2022

The use of X-ray facilities in calibrating radiation measuring equipment in diagnostic radiology requires an exact knowledge of the radiation field. X-ray spectrums are made narrow beam by proper filtration recommended by several international organizations. In the present study, the experimental determination of X-ray calibration qualities and analysis of conversion coefficients from air Kerma to ambient and personal dose equivalent is carried for X-ray beam irradiator X80-225kV as per ISO narrow spectrum series at Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL) in Bangladesh. The X-ray beam involved in half value layer, effective energy, beam homogeneity coefficient and consistency of X-ray production from the generator (kV and mA) is conducted. A discrepancy of half value layer has been observed for N200 beam code by -8.5% which leads to the deviation of effective energy by -7.7% with a standard deviation of 1.3%. The conversion coefficients from the air kerma to dose equivalent that satisfying the condition of ICRU sphere is established to obtain radiation qualities and compared with values referred by other standard laboratories. A deviation of 0.87% has been observed for H*(10) and H¢(0.07) in between ISO and BCRU empirical relation which is insignificant. A set of conversion coefficients for Hp(10) and Hp(0.07) has also been calculated for ICRU four element tissue.
The Guangdong Mode of Integration of Science-Education and Industry-Education for Postgraduates in Engineering
Authors: Huang Xinyu , Hu Yajie
Published: August 2022

Based on the theory of collaborative innovation and the triple helix theory combined with the needs for innovative development in the modern manufacturing industry in Guangdong Province, the construction of open bases as education carriers by the governments was explored in terms of implement joint training for postgraduates in engineering through the integration of science-education and industry-education, to improve the practical innovation ability of postgraduates in engineering. The integration training mode has significantly improved the effectiveness of collaborative education and innovation, and it has become an important talent and intellectual support for Guangdong’s modern manufacturing industry. It has further advanced the theory and practice of joint training conducted by governments, industries, universities, and scientific research institutes.
A Brief Discussion on the Penetration Point and Techniques of Tax Planning
Authors: He Fang
Published: August 2022

Tax cost is one of the costs of business activities, and tax planning has become an indispensable financial activity. How to carry out effective tax planning has been the focus of enterprises. Therefore, this paper intends to discuss how to carry out tax planning from the penetration point and techniques of tax planning, with an aim to provide reference for enterprises’ tax planning activities.
公路交通安全设施工程施工工艺及应用研究
Authors: 杏威 张
Published: August 2022

公路交通安全设施在维护交通秩序，保障行人安全方面起着重要作用。论文运用文献法、调查法对公路交通安全设施工程施工工艺、施工质量保障措施等展开探究论述，旨在推动公路交通安全设施施工技术发展，施工质量水平提升。
市政工程污水管网施工要点及优化策略
Authors: 欣 刘
Published: August 2022

现代社会经济的不断发展对市政工程建设提出了更高的要求，在具体进行施工作业时，检查井渗漏和管道接头渗水是其较为常见的质量问题，此时，为了确保能够更为高效地开展污水管道施工，需要对其管道接头安装进行有效的质量控制，确保能够使其质量隐患得到及时消除。科学开展污水管网施工，可以使其道路工程具有更高的排水质量，使中国现代市政工程建设的发展需求得到更高的满足，进而确保能够为城市居民提供更为舒适的居住环境。论文首先分析在市政工程建设过程中进行污水管网施工的施工要点，然后综合探究优化污水管网施工的具体策略，希望相关单位能够更为高效地开展污水管网施工，提升整体施工质量和施工效率。
高速公路边坡滑坡成因及处治措施探讨
Authors: 倩倩 黄
Published: August 2022

滑坡是影响公路稳定性、耐久性与群众出行安全的一类重要灾害，对于公路边坡滑坡灾害，必须深入分析灾害产生原因并加强治理，将滑坡影响降到最低。论文运用文献法、调查法等对高速公路边坡滑坡问题展开详细、深入地探究论述。论文第一部分简要分析了高速公路边坡滑坡形成条件；第二部具体论述了高速公路边坡滑坡形成原因；第三部分探讨了高速公路边坡滑坡治理原则；第四部分讨论了高速公路边坡滑坡常见治理技术；第五部分着重探究了如何运用岩土灌浆法有效治理公路边坡滑坡问题。以供借鉴参考。
基于 GIS 的中国昆玉市建设用地适宜性评价
Authors: 小萌 张 , 贤顺 赵 , 柳霖 穆
Published: August 2022

昆玉作为兵团“南进”最南边的城市之一，目前正处于起步建设阶段，城市基础调查相对薄弱，不利于城镇建设和发展规划。为给当地建设发展提供地质参考，对建设用地适宜性进行分区，本次工作利用ArcMap信息空间分析功能，综合考虑了地质环境、水文地质、工程地质、土地利用现状等指标，对不同指标赋予权重进行叠加分析，进行建设适宜性评价，将城镇用地分为适宜区、较适宜区、适宜性较差区、适宜性差区四类，为城镇空间发展规划提供了重要依据。
水库除险加固施工管理以及控制策略
Authors: 必川 陆
Published: August 2022

水库是水利工程建设中的主要构成部分之一，其不仅能够使农村饮水问题得到解决，当出现洪水时，其能够对洪水进行分流和存储，从而使洪水所产生的不良影响被削弱。但由于水库建设的时间较长，并受到各种因素的影响，导致工程的质量大幅度降低，甚至会对周边居民产生一定的威胁。所以要对水库除险加固工作进行全面实施，从而使水库的作用得到最大化发挥。由此可知，水库除险加固施工管理控制策略成为研究的重点，论文对其开展详细探讨。
中小河流治理工程中融入生态理念的意义及策略
Authors: 文尚 陈
Published: August 2022

随着社会经济的稳定发展，生态发展理念已经逐渐渗透到人们的日常生活与生产当中。将生态理念融入中小河流治理工程当中，在提高中小河流治理工程质量，促进中小河流可持续发展方面发挥着十分重要的作用。论文重点针对中小河流治理工程中融入生态理念的意义及策略进行了详细的分析，以供参考。
桥梁拼宽施工技术及关键问题探究
Authors: 国栋 吕 , 杰 孙 , 金铭 郎 , 奕智 张 , 加 朱
Published: August 2022

论文针对有限作业空间桥梁拼宽过渡段处预制梁架设的技术难题，综合分析传统架设工艺的适用性，结合实际工况及力学计算，提出一种汽车吊站位桥面架设预制梁的施工技术。通过明确承载梁板的作业工况、汽车吊站位的具体要求及监控量测保障措施，以实现安全生产、风险管控、降本增效的目的，为类似工程提供经验借鉴，以切实提高复杂地段梁板架设的施工技术。
水利工程施工技术中存在的问题及解决策略
Authors: 锡杰 王
Published: August 2022

随着经济社会的高速增长，中国基础设施条件得到了逐步的改善，而工程本身已经成为国家建设的主要基础设施部分，其施工技术水平也引起了社会各界的普遍关心与重视，因此一定要通过不断地改进与革新工程建设方法，才可以更准确地发现其存在的不足，并针对性地加以解决。
市政桥梁工程下部结构施工技术及质控措施
Authors: 淬 罗
Published: August 2022

随着城市化建设的推进，当前各类桥梁工程不断兴建，极大促进了社会的发展，同时也是中国现代化发展的标志。市政桥梁工程建设关系到人民出行安全，关系到社会经济的发展，做好质量控制更是相关企业和单位义不容辞的责任和义务。论文主要从市政桥梁下部结构概括分析入手，明确市政桥梁工程下部结构施工技术要点，探讨市政桥梁工程下部结构施工质量控制措施。
Two Examples of Industrial Heritage: Gaziantep Kürkçü and Elbeyli Soap Factories
Authors: ÇİFTYÜREK Müge
Published: August 2022

Gaziantep coğrafi konumu nedeniyle elverişli bir zeytin bölgesi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda sabunun hammaddelerinden birinin zeytinyağı olması, kentte sabunhanelerin inşa edilmesini kaçınılmaz kılmıştır. Kürkçü ve Elbeyli Sabunhaneleri günümüze ulaşan söz konusu nadir yapılardan ikisidir. Sabunhanelerin bitişiğinde aynı isimlerle bilinen hanları da mevcuttur. Bu hanlar çeşitli çalışmalarda değerlendirilirken sabunhanelerle olan bağlantısının göz ardı edildiği görülmüştür. Oysaki Kürkçü ve Elbeyli Sabunhaneleri hanları ile birlikte 19. yüzyıl sonlarında Gaziantep’in yerel ekonomisine büyük katkı sağlayan önemli birer endüstri mirasıdır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, adı geçen sabunhaneler mimarisi, mekânsal işlevleri, cephe özellikleri, tarihçeleri ile detaylı olarak ilk kez ele alınmış ve bölgede tespit edilen diğer sabunhaneler ile Türkiye dışındaki benzer örneklerle karşılaştırılarak tanıtılmıştır.
O papel do diretor como articulador da equipe gestora escolar e a formação de educadores para as necessidades da escola na atualidade
Authors: Aranha Elvira Godinho , Callas Danielle Girotti , Placco Vera Maria Nigro de Souza
Published: August 2022

O artigo discutirá recortes dos resultados da pesquisa: