bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the type and frequency of incidents attended by UK paramedics
Authors: Henderson Tristan , Endacott Ruth , Marsden Jonathan , Black Sarah
Published: September 2019

Various factors have widened the variety of incidents that UK paramedics, practising in a non-specialist role, may be required to attend. This study set out to identify the type and frequency of incidents attended by paramedics, as well as establishing whether geographical location and time of year bear any influence. The study involved a quantitative retrospective review of paramedic-completed patient clinical records, across two locations and the span of 1 year. Results demonstrated the infrequent exposure of paramedics to serious illness/trauma, as well as limited associations of significance in relation to location and time of year. The infrequent nature of certain incidents raises potential issues of skill decay for paramedics; closely aligned to this is their ongoing education, and how learning is best balanced between the infrequent, serious presentations, and those that are frequent but less serious.
The end is near but the learning goes on
Authors: Daubney Ellie
Published: September 2019

Ellie Daubney reflects upon her first 2 years as a student paramedic, and shares her plans for continued learning in her final year and beyond into her career as a paramedic
Preoperative oral antibiotic bowel preparation in elective resectional colorectal surgery reduces rates of surgical site infections: a single-centre experience with a cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Vadhwana B , Pouzi A , Surjus Kaneta G , Reid V , Claxton D , Pyne L , Chalmers R , Malik A , Bowers D , Groot-Wassink T
Published: September 2019

Introduction

Surgical site infections cause considerable postoperative morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the effect on surgical site infection rates following introduction of a departmental oral antibiotic bowel preparation protocol.

Methods

A prospective single-centre study was performed for elective colorectal resections between May 2016-April 2018; with a control group with mechanical bowel preparation and treatment group with oral antibiotic bowel preparation (neomycin and metronidazole) and mechanical bowel preparation. The primary outcome of surgical site infection and secondary outcomes of anastomotic leak, length of stay and mortality rate were analysed using Fisher’s exact test and independent samples t-tests. A cost-effectiveness analysis was also performed.

Results

A total of 311 patients were included; 156 in the mechanical bowel preparation group and 155 in the mechanical bowel preparation plus oral antibiotic bowel preparation group. The study included 180 (57.9%) men and 131 (42.1%) women with a mean age of 68 years. There was a significant reduction in surgical site infection rates (mechanical bowel preparation 16.0% vs mechanical bowel preparation plus oral antibiotic bowel preparation 4.5%; P = 0.001) and mean length of stay (mechanical bowel preparation 10.2 days vs mechanical bowel preparation plus oral antibiotic bowel preparation 8.2 days; P = 0.012). There was also a reduction in anastomotic leak and mortality rates. Subgroup analyses demonstrated significantly reduced surgical site infection rates in laparoscopic resections (P = 0.008). There was an estimated cost saving of £239.13 per patient and £37,065 for our institution over a one-year period.

Conclusion

Oral antibiotic bowel preparation is a feasible and cost-effective intervention shown to significantly reduce the rates of surgical site infection and length of stay in elective colorectal surgery.
Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in the Neuropathic Bladder: Changing the Paradigm to Include the Microbiome
Authors: Forster Catherine S. , Pohl Hans
Published: September 2019

Bacteriuria, a non-specific term that refers to the presence of bacteria in the urine, is common in people with neuropathic bladders. However, accurately determining when bacteriuria represents a urinary tract infection (UTI) as opposed to asymptomatic bacteriuria is difficult. There is currently no widely accepted definition of what constitutes a UTI in people with neuropathic bladders. As a result, there is significant variation in care, which likely leads to unnecessary use of antibiotics for bacteriuria. To improve the clinical management of people with neuropathic bladders, it is important to be able to accurately diagnose and treat UTIs. In this article, we review the difficulties associated with accurately diagnosing UTIs and then review proposed definitions. Finally, we discuss the emerging literature of the urinary microbiome and how this may assist in accurately diagnosing UTIs in people with neuropathic bladders.
The Black Organic Intellectual Tradition and the Challenges of Educating and Developing Organic Intellectuals in the 21st Century
Authors: Harris Christopher
Published: September 2019

By summarizing the legacy of the first and second wave Black working class organic intellectuals in North America in the 20th century, I will use this as a backdrop to discuss my efforts in the first decade of the 21st century to develop a third wave of organic intellectuals in the hip hop generation. I will offer a case study of the Freedom Cipher Program at the Black Action Defense Committee (BADC), and discuss the implications of this experience for organizing oppressed Black working class and underclass youth into organic intellectuals today in this age of neo-liberal capitalism and globalization. I hope this paper will contribute to the work of the revolutionary party-building Left, and youth movements concerned with organizing the hip hop generations of the 20th century (born 1965-1984) and 21st century (born 1985-2004) into a new socialist hegemonic project.
The impact of the Work Capability Assessment on mental health: claimants’ lived experiences and GP perspectives in low-income communities
Authors: Hansford Lorraine , Thomas Felicity , Wyatt Katrina
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the impact of increased welfare conditionality on people with mental health issues claiming benefits in the UK. Drawing on data from the DeStress study, this paper explores the lived experience of welfare claimants in low-income communities, and the perspectives of GPs seeking to support them. Particular focus is placed on people’s experience of the Work Capability Assessment, the tool used to determine welfare claimants’ entitlement to sickness benefit, and how the narratives and culture surrounding welfare reform and the actual assessment itself can have a negative impact on mental health and wellbeing.
Transforming college students through international service-learning: A case study of three programmes from the City-Youth Empowerment Project (CYEP)
Authors: Liu Jacky K. K. , Khiatani Paul V. , Fung H. Y. , Chan P. Y. , Lee C. L. , Lai K. C. , Yau W. T.
Published: September 2019

International service-learning (ISL) programmes, grounded under the transformative learning theory, have long shown promising results in enhancing the development of college students. However, in recent years, scholars have begun to take notice of the number of conceptual and methodological deficiencies that the ISL body of research suffers from. Our study addresses this void by adopting a quasi-experimental design to understand the developmental benefits accrued by college students who joined one of three ISL programmes. More specifically, this study seeks to understand the role of service settings and social context in the transformative process. A pretest-posttest approach was used to examine students’ growth in three ISL programmes (one from Cambodia and two from Myanmar). A total of 31 college students completed the questionnaire before and after the ISL programmes. Analysing the data through repeated-measure ANCOVAs, all three ISL programmes were found to help students increase their personal insight (general and social self-efficacy), understanding of social issues (interpersonal and problem-solving skills and political awareness) and cognitive development (communication skills). Establishing a non-hierarchical relationship with the partner agency in the service setting, providing emotional counseling to the college students and organizing multiple community outreach opportunities were found to be particularly beneficial for facilitating these transformations. Building on the results, suggestions for ISL practice and research are provided.
The impact on the learning outcomes of service-learning curriculum for college students in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Ruo-Lan , Hsiung Han-lin
Published: September 2019

This study aims at exploring the service-learning experiences and learning outcomes of service-learning curriculum for college students in Taiwan. The subjects are the students who participating service-learning curriculum in 2016, 84 in total. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The service-learning outcomes consisted of self-understanding, communication skills, general knowledge application, problem solving, civic engagement, team skills, self-reflection, caring for others and intercultural competence. The findings are as follows: All the outcomes of students have significant increases between pre and post test; Most outcomes of the high quality service-learning curriculum have significant increases than those of low quality service-learning curriculum. Finally, recommendations for college to implement high quality service-learning programme are presented.
Students’ reflection on their service-learning experience as a way of fostering critical thinking and as a peace building initiative
Authors: Kuntjara Esther H.
Published: September 2019

A total of 38 students from my cultural studies research class participated in service-learning (SL) activities as one of the requirements of the course. They were divided into six groups, and each group worked with a group of approximately 15 to 30 young Indonesian elementary school children to do SL activities. They helped the children do their schoolwork, taught them English, played games and generally interacted with them. Students were also expected to present their reflections, starting from the initial encounter with the children and during the SL activities, at the end of the semester. The big sociocultural gap between the students and the children made students more aware of their lifestyles. These experiences apparently enhanced the students’ critical thinking towards others who are different. They also learned to share with and pay respect to one-another from their encounters with the children. Such awareness should be used as a way of enhancing students’ personal development and growth. It is also a way of building a more peaceful society, as they endeavour to understand others instead of judging them.
The ornament of grammar
Authors: Blair Sarah
Published: September 2019

Part of an ongoing research project to interpret linguistic grammar visually, this essay presents initial experiments to visualize rhetorical patterns in English sentences. Creative contextualization is offered with reference to earlier visual forms that were treated as a kind of language. A certain strand in Modernism – in particular that running through the Bauhaus, which used abstract devices as a foundational design syntax – paved the way for post-war picture books to activate the narrative potential of simple coloured shapes; and, again, avant-garde musical scores from the 1950s onwards used exploratory graphic notations to instigate expressive new treatments of sound. My own visualizations are playful in spirit but posit a serious idea that grammar works by means of deep aesthetic tendencies. My case studies – featuring a model user and a model abuser of English – flag up common patterns in typical sentence constructions under seven descriptive labels. Ultimately the essay suggests that Illustration might flourish at the level of the sentence, the basic unit of meaning within word-based language and, in very simple terms, the expression of a thought. Ornamenting the rhythm and flow of how a sentence operates is one means of 'seeing' a voice lending shape to thought at a detailed level.
Looking Again
Authors: Maier Danica
Published: September 2019

Enacting the subject of ornamentation through unfolding a deteriorating repetition within its reading, this paper is presented as a performative text. Illuminating rather than telling, key focus within the paper draws on: detail and curiosity as necessities during both the making process and audiences viewing of ornamentation; the hidden and overlooked seen in domestic pattern and the rich potential for subversion; the whole versus the single, how looking and making can be akin to fractals; the un-repeating repeat or difference of the same as seen through visual rhythm disrupted by the glitch; how repetition of text transforms it into the decorative; transformation through repetition connected to the joys of labour and its associate cousins of repeated action, making, boredom, rhythm, muscle memory, sex.
The Cornish Knitting Pattern Series film charts
Authors: Nightingale Jennifer
Published: September 2019

This visual essay appraises the film charts (shooting diagrams) used in the production of The Cornish Knitting Pattern Series in 2016. The film charts are a surprising key element arising from this period of film practice, being as they were a pragmatic part of the preproduction planning. However, through analysis of my films after production the charts have become a major source of visual thinking, notation, documentation and a significant aid to reflection on the work carried out. The Cornish Knitting Pattern Series is a collection of 16mm animation landscape films that use a single frame production technique to translate Guernsey knitting patterns into film, and in doing so set up a structural relationship between that of a knitted stitch and a frame of film – drawing out analogies between both forms of production. In this visual essay the charts' roles will be considered in the translation of the Guernsey knitting patterns in terms of preproduction visualization of the knitting patterns; notation documentation during the pro-filmic event; and retrospectively as a record of processes and production. To do it will illuminate the film practice relationship to mistakes, and the location as the editing system process that is a key aspect of the film series processes – wherein gesture, landscape and film are 'knitted together' in the film as a material object.
Terminology issues with the poïetic aspect of vocals in heavy metal studies: A suggestion for a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Ribaldini Paolo
Published: September 2019

In academic studies about heavy metal, vocals have rarely been addressed from the poïetic point of view. By pointing out possible misconceptions about the production of vocals in heavy metal studies, this article suggests the adoption of existing and ongoing scientific research on voice science; the latter includes different clinical fields such as vocology, phoniatrics, otorhinolaryngology and logopaedics, in addition to the subfield of vocal pedagogy.
The evolution of LGBT research in Israel
Authors: Kama Amit
Published: September 2019

This meta-analysis constitutes an attempt at mapping LGBT research in Israel with respect to its evolution and distribution of various attributes. Due to the relatively small size of Israel, it is possible to aggregate the entire catalogue of academic studies carried out within this field. The corpus includes all scholarly works (n=586) published about LGBT people and/or related issues in Israel between 1942 and 2018. Several aspects were critically examined: historical trajectories and distributions of languages, disciplines, topics, genres, researched populations and authors. This meta-analysis sheds light on how changes in the social sphere paved the way for the sudden growth in this field and how other macro-level phenomena affected various aspects of the field. The evolution of LGBT studies in Israel is characterized, inter alia, by a spiral movement that was driven by a nucleus of pioneering scholars who have been paving the way for others.
‘Sissy that walk’: Reframing queer Pacific bodies through the FAFSWAG Ball
Authors: Zemke Kirsten , Mackley-Crump Jared
Published: September 2019

This article explores the Auckland-based arts collective FAFSWAG. This group of queer Pasifika artists and dancers has taken up the activism and aesthetics of US ball culture, creating their own underground vogue scene. Facing exclusion and marginalization sometimes from both the mainstream queer community and their own Pasifika communities, FAFSWAG craft a creative response that celebrates and asserts safe spaces for queer ‘brown’ bodies and revisits distinctive Pasifika gender concepts. Their discourse, dance, and events offer responses to lived exigencies of colonization, diaspora, homophobia and racism. Voguing offers masculine and feminine movements for these queer bodies, challenging masculinities imposed by ‘tradition’, pop culture and colonial narratives. The transplanting and uptake of New York ball culture has given FAFSWAG in New Zealand a platform and inspiration to create art and movement that reflects their multiple identities, genders, histories and influences.
El Português como Lengua de Herencia hoy y el trabajo de la Associação de Pais de Brasileirinhos na Catalunha
Authors: Moroni Andreia , Azevedo Gomes Juliana
Published: September 2019

La lengua de herencia es un legado lingüístico y cultural llevado por los emigrantes a otro pais. La emigración brasileña se ha consolidado en la década de los 1980s; por esta razón, el Portugués como Lengua de Herencia (PLH) todavía es un fenómeno reciente. Este artículo presenta un panorama actual del movimiento de PLH en el mundo y el trabajo de la Associação de Pais de Brasileirinhos na Catalunha (APBC), fundada en 2009 con el objetivo de transmitir la lengua y la cultura brasileña por medio de clases de portugués y actividades sociales en la ciudad de Barcelona, España.
Vindicación del estudio como concepto educativo: a propósito de aprender / estudiar una lengua
Authors: Larrosa Bondía Jorge
Published: September 2019

Este artículo pretende desarrollar la distinción entre aprendizaje y estudio en lo que concierne a la relación educativa (y escolar) con la lengua. Siguiendo a Borges, Agamben, Sloterdijk y otros autores, el estudio aparece aquí como una relación de atención y cuidado en la que una materia (la lengua) se revela o se hace presente. La idea de estudio puede contribuir a pensar la educación como orientada a la apertura mundo; puede contribuir también a elaborar una definición de la escuela más morfológica que funcional, es decir, orientada a la especificidad de los tiempos, los espacios, las actividades y las materialidades que constituyen la escuela; y puede ayudar a pensar las instituciones de escolarización fuera de las lógicas meritocráticas y competitivas que le son constitutivas cuando están formateadas desde el punto de vista del aprendizaje. Además, mediante la introducción de la idea de estudio como categoría educativa fundamental, el artículo se propone también ofrecer una alternativa a la colonización cognitiva de las teorías y las prácticas pedagógicas; así como ofrecer una posibilidad de separar la escuela (en todas sus modalidades, desde la primaria hasta la Universidad) de su subordinación a las lógicas económicas y bio-políticas del capitalismo cognitivo. Desde ese punto de vista, el artículo abre un camino para pensar sobre las dificultades (o la obsolescencia) del estudio en una sociedad (y en una escuela) del aprendizaje.
Study Practices and the creation of a common world. Unearthing the educational dynamics of an urban farming initiative
Authors: Schildermans Hans , Vandenabeele Joke , Vlieghe Joris
Published: September 2019

In this article, we propose study practices as a way to respond to the question Bruno Latour raised with regards to our current global predicament, namely where to land? In the first sections we explain the background of this question – socio-ecological challenges and transformations – and how study practices might help to offer an answer. The subsequent section sheds light on the theoretical developments in relation to which the notion of study practice has been conceived in the first place, in particular the methodological debates which saw a turn to practices on the one hand, and the theoretical discussions about the concept of study on the other hand. Analysis of the urban farming initiative Torekes in terms of a study practice allows for fleshing out the educational dynamics at play in such practices: composition, problematization, and attention. We contrast such an educational analysis with sociological and political analyses that understand this initiative as aimed at social cohesion or political subjectification respectively. In the last section, we argue how study practices, due to the ways in which they allow for the creation of a common world, might provide a response to the question how to live together on a damaged planet.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RAMMED EARTH WITH RESPECT TO CLAY MIXTURE COMPOSITION
Authors: Plaček Otcovská Tereza , Mužíková Barbora , Padevět Pavel
Published: September 2019

Unfired earth is a traditional building material, but it is less used than other building materials, such as concrete or steel. But the use of unfired earth is experiencing a renaissance. ammed earth is a type of unfired earth and is usually used for load bearing structures. This paper descries an experimental determination of the tensile bending strength and compressive strength of the rammed earth specimens with known compositions. Mechanical properties are dependent on these compositions (kind of clay, amount of clay, amount of mixture water). Laboratory specimens were produced without inorganic binders or fibrous admixtures. We observed higher tensile bending strengths and lower compressive strengths in specimen mixtures containing more clay. The obtained results were evaluated in a context of a previous research. The results were also compared with results published by another author.
Motiv straha i njegovi mehanizmi u hrvatskoj fantastičnoj noveli 19. stoljeća
Authors: Brozović Domagoj
Published: September 2019

Budući da je u svjetskoj književnosti od romantizma nadalje najveći dio fantastične dionice pripovjedne književnosti formiran oko ideje straha od nepoznatoga i neobjašnjivoga, ovaj je prilog usmjeren na manifestacije te emocije u odabranim primjerima hrvatske fantastične novele 19. stoljeća. U raspravi se problematizira i tematsko-žanrovska pripadnost kanonskih novela, i to upravo s obzirom na prisutnost motiva straha. U književnostima zapadnog kruga u 19. se stoljeću pojačano javljaju fantastični pripovjedni žanrovi kojima je motiv straha glavni narativni pokretač, a pojedini elementi fantastički intonirane književnosti s obilježjima književnoga horora prisutni su i u odabranome istraživačkom korpusu: od romantičarskih obilježja Jorgovanićeve fantastike preko premošćivanja realističke poetike i okretanja misticizmu u Gjalskijevoj novelistici do modernističke psihologizacije Matoša i Leskovara. Iako se u tradicionalnoj hrvatskoj književnoj historiografiji zadani korpus nije tumačio kroz prizmu motiva straha, njegova prisutnost otvara niz istraživačkih pitanja poput, primjerice, kako se strah manifestira u pripovjednom tekstu, kojoj pripovjednoj razini emocija straha zapravo pripada, kako motiv straha sudjeluje u proizvodnji fantastičnog i irealnog itd.
Postnatal Development of Functional Projections from Parasubiculum and Presubiculum to Medial Entorhinal Cortex in the Rat
Authors: Canto Cathrin B. , Koganezawa Noriko , Lagartos-Donate Mariá José , O'Reilly Kally C. , Mansvelder Huibert D. , Witter Menno P.
Published: September 2019

Neurons in parasubiculum (PaS), presubiculum (PrS), and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) code for place (grid cells) and head direction. Directional input has been shown to be important for stable grid cell properties in MEC, and PaS and PrS have been postulated to provide this information to MEC. In line with this, head direction cells in those brain areas are present at postnatal day 11 (P11), having directional tuning that stabilizes shortly after eye opening, which is before premature grid cells emerge in MEC at P16. Whether functional connectivity between these structures exists at those early postnatal stages is unclear. Using anatomical tracing, voltage-sensitive dye imaging and single-cell patch recordings in female and male rat brain slices between P2 and P61, we determined when the pathways from PaS and PrS to MEC emerge, become functional, and how they develop. Anatomical connections from PaS and PrS to superficial MEC emerge between P4 and P6. Monosynaptic connectivity from PaS and PrS to superficial MEC was measurable from P9 to P10 onward, whereas connectivity with deep MEC was measurable from P11 to P12. From P14/P15 on, reactivity of MEC neurons to parasubicular and presubicular inputs becomes adult-like and continues to develop until P28-P30. The maturation of the efficacy of both inputs between P9 and P21 is paralleled by maturation of morphological properties, changes in intrinsic properties of MEC principal neurons, and changes in the GABAergic network of MEC. In conclusion, synaptic projections from PaS and PrS to MEC become functional and adult-like before the emergence of grid cells in MEC.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHead direction information, crucial for grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), is thought to enter MEC via parasubiculum (PaS) and presubiculum (PrS). Unraveling the development of functional connections between PaS, PrS, and MEC is key to understanding how spatial navigation, an important cognitive function, may evolve. To gain insight into the development, we used anatomical tracing techniques, voltage-sensitive dye imaging, and single-cell recordings. The combined data led us to conclude that synaptic projections from PaS and PrS to MEC become functional and adult-like before eye opening, allowing crucial head direction information to influence place encoding before the emergence of grid cells in rat MEC.
Impact of obesity and diabetes on the incidence of kidney and bladder cancers: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Ko Seung Hyun , Han Kyung Do , Yun Jae Seung , Chung Sungjin , Koh Eun Sil
Published: September 2019

Objective

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide and are both associated with the increased incidence of kidney and bladder cancers. However, previous reports have provided conflicting results. We investigated the impact of body mass index (BMI) and diabetes on the incidence of both cancers in the general population.

Methods

Using nationally representative data from the Korean National Health Insurance System, 9,777,133 subjects without any malignancy who underwent health examinations in 2009 were followed to the end of 2017.

Results

After a median follow-up period of 8.32 years, 12,544 incidents of kidney cancer and 15,137 incidents of bladder cancer were identified. The hazard ratio (HR) for kidney cancer was the lowest in people with a BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (HR: 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72–0.94) and the highest in those with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.57–1.87) compared to a reference BMI group (18.5–23 kg/m2). In subjects with diabetes, obesity was associated with increased risk of kidney cancer, although the HRs were lower than observed in those without diabetes. Otherwise, there was a reduction in risk of bladder cancer with obesity in men and the HR for bladder cancer was not affected by BMI increase in women. There was a strongly positive association between diabetes and bladder cancer in the total study population.

Conclusions

Obesity was a strong risk factors for kidney cancer, whereas the association between obesity and bladder cancer differed by gender. The subjects with diabetes had a higher risk for both cancers than those without diabetes.
Is Religion Compatible with Modernity? An Overview on Modernity’s Measurements And its Relation to Religion
Authors: Kamil Sukron
Published: September 2019

This paper aims to elaborate the measurements of modernity and its relation to religion. In the Third World, modernity is often measured by unclear measurements, and in some cases, some of the attitudes of certain circles in the West now also appear to be at odds with modernity. Based on a literature survey, this paper finds that modernity is a condition, not as a specific marker of a certain period and region. Modernity points not only to the West, but also to non-West, because modernity can be measured by: capitalism as an economic rationality; mass production-based industries and the existance of industry mentality; urban population pressure and its medical control; secular and humanist nation state; democratic country; rational bureaucracy, the state's rule of law, military-based technology; and empirical science and rationalism. Even so, for a secular state, it does not require the latest modernity that should alienate religion absolutely in a public sphere. Religion is possible to be in the public sphere, if it could be debated rationally and does not discriminate minorities as certainly religion is now more rational. Religion is also possible to contest with other issues in a public sphere in the free market in a democratic political system and can be a civil society force; in addition, some religions do not mind with secularization in the sense of sociological rationalization.DOI: 10.15408/insaniyat.v2i2.7260
Ᾱthār Wa Tadā’iyyāt Al-Ghazw Al-‘Iraqi li Dawlat Al-Kuwait 1990 wa Daur Al-Munadhdhamāt Al-Dawliyyah fi Mu’ālajatiha
Authors: Almesaabi Salama Ali Husein
Published: September 2019

The invasion of Kuwait in 1990 resulted in many disastrous effects and negative repercussions on the people and State. It reflected on the Iraqi regime and its people as those effects have been extended to all Arab States and the world at large, where those effects and repercussions have taken on many aspects of political, economic and social. The invasion not only had been effected Kuwait but also broadly in the gulf region. This study aims: firstly to study and analyse the political, economic and social implications as the consequences of the Iraqi invasion over Kuwait; secondly, to elucidate and analyse the effects of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait on Arab relations; thirdly, to explore on the role of international organizations in addressing the effects of the invasion. The result shows that the invasion has brought to a disastrous schism in the unity of the Arab states and put them left behind in the international stage, and the opening of the area to the Western military presence in the Gulf. The economic loss suffered by the Arab Group reached approximately $1 trillion. The social and psychological effects on society and the individual in Kuwait required long years to be addressed. The international organizations have played a prominent role particularly on recording the file of the prisoners and missing persons, and the compensation is also given to them.DOI: 10.15408/insaniyat.v2i2.7607
Tariqa and Philanthrophy : The Study of Tariqa Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyyah Movement in Kuala Tungkal, Jambi
Authors: Fuhaidah Ulya
Published: September 2019

The emergence of tariqa movements in the Indonesian Archipelago occurred at the same time of the expanding network of ulama who studied at the holy land, Mecca. One of tariqas that has existed as the result of the spreading of such ulama network is the Tariqa Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah. This is one of the tariqas that is considered legitimated and followed by thousands of people in Indonesia, including people of Jambi. Yet the development of this tariqa in Jambi, in which its follower has gradually increased since the 1990s, is less exposed. Followers of tariqa have practiced not only religious and ritual gathering, zikr, but also engaged in philanthropic events which risen hundreds of millions of funds. Such philanthropic events had significantly contributed to the tariqa movement from which it is able to stand free from state’s intervention as well as capable to privately fund its educational institution and boarding school. This article intends to seek the historical aspect of the TariqaQadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah and how it contributes in shaping educational institution and economic sphere of people in Jambi. This study therefore uses historical method in perceiving the role of Tariqa in its society.The data for this study were gathered by conducting observation, interview, and document studies.The study concludes that the tariqa movement in Jambi, particularly in Kuala Tungkal, managed to self-fund its boarding school and educational institution which are affiliated with it. The fund is mainly risen from several occasions of commemoration of the tariqa founder, Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilany.
The Transition of The Central Port of Colonial Era : From Old Bataviato Tanjung Priok Port
Authors: Baihaqi Ahmad Fauzan , Darojat Zakiya
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses the ports and government policy particularly in the transition of the central port of colonial period of the old port of Batavia to the port of Tanjung Priok Year 1887-1930. The aim of this research is to understand the colonial response to the development of international shipping world, which impact on the colonial economy. Here, the position of the Dutch East Indies must dare to take the policy to change the trading center is no longer in the Port near the old city but must move to the east of Batavia namely Tanjung Priok.The method used in this research is qualitative. While the data collection is done through literature research and documentation. This data analysis technique based on heuristic techniques, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Based on the research conducted, it is found that the removal of port from the old town of Batavia to Tanjung Priok which allegedly the Dutch East Indies economic actors will not grow because of the rarity of people living around the harbor. The facts in the field of Tanjung Priok developed into the largest international port in the territory of the Indies Netherlands.The results show that the development of the harbor east of Batavia is at the center of the old city portographic port of Batavia which has high sedimentation of large ships unable to dock to the port. The Tanjung Priok central port is growing on the basis of a colonial annual report of the vast number of outposts with 20 other countries that have their homecoming in the Port.
Sinergias Sur-Norte para una “transición civilizatoria” hacia la sustentabilidad: diálogos de saberes entre buen vivir, decrecimiento y desarrollo humano
Authors: Beling Adrian Eugenio
Published: September 2019

A partir de la tesis de la crisis civilizatoria, el artículo pretende mostrar la necesidad de una complementariedad o fertilización cruzada entre “discursos de transición” del Sur y del Norte global con la matriz ideacional del desarrollo para viabilizar una transición socioecológica hacia la sustentabilidad. La experiencia del buen vivir como proyecto estatal de transformación social en Ecuador y Bolivia ha develado la falacia de dar respuestas autonomistas a una crisis que evidencia, como ninguna antes, las interdependencias globales. El artículo presenta un análisis de los potenciales y los límites de una articulación discursiva que ponga el foco en estas interdependencias, con base en el buen vivir, el decrecimiento y el desarrollo humano como discursos emblemáticos de transición en el Sur y en el Norte global, y del mainstream político liberal, respectivamente. El argumento se estructura a partir de las principales contribuciones y limitantes estructurales de cada uno de estos discursos, para promover una transición civilizatoria hacia una trayectoria de (pos)desarrollo global socioecológicamente sustentable. A pesar del fracaso del buen vivir como programa político para una “Gran Transición“, el análisis destaca su potencial de transformación cultural, implícito en el ideario y la práctica de mundos ecoconvivales alternativos a escala macrosocial. Los puntos ciegos del discurso del buen vivir —es decir, las interdependencias geoeconómicas derivadas de una matriz de producción y consumo globalizada, que no es generalizable— constituyen la preocupación principal de los discursos del decrecimiento. Estos últimos, sin embargo, carecen de tracción política y cultural para implementar los cambios previstos. Así, el círculo sinérgico se cierra en el análisis del potencial de fecundación que tienen el buen vivir y el decrecimiento sobre el ideario político-cultural del desarrollo humano, como es articulado por el Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (pnud), basado en Amartya Sen y Martha Nussbaum, para transformar el discurso político como precondición para una transformación fundamental de la práctica política. Con este análisis de potenciales sinergias discursivas interculturales, el artículo pretende, a su vez, ofrecer nuevas perspectivas a una sociología comprometida con la crítica y la transición socioecológica a la sustentabilidad en tiempos de crisis ambiental global.
Assessment of Quality Education in Private Secondary Schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan) / Procjena kvalitete obrazovanja u privatnim srednjim školama u Khyber Pakhtunkhwi u Pakistanu
Authors: Rahman Atta Ur , Aajiz Niaz Muhammad
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe current study evaluates the quality of education in private secondary schools of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan). It is descriptive in nature. The study population included principals, teachers and students of private secondary schools of Kohat. All the principals of 30 private secondary schools were selected as sample whereas random sampling technique was employed for selecting the study sample of teachers and students. Three different questionnaires were framed by using a five-point Likert scale. Data were interpreted by simple percentages. The results revealed that majority of teachers of private secondary schools are professionals, yet they were not content with their pay and service structure. It was concluded that the schools follow the curriculum prescribed by Education Boards. There were scientific labs, but there was also a lack of modern and contemporary books in libraries.Key words: facilities; private schools; qualified teachers; secondary school level.---SažetakU ovome istraživanju ispituje se kvaliteta obrazovanja u privatnim srednjim školama u KhyberPakhtunkhwi u Pakistanu. Istraživanje je deskriptivnoga karaktera. Populacija ispitanika sastojala se od ravnatelja, nastavnika i učenika privatnih srednjih škola u Kohatu. Ravnatelji svih 30 privatnih srednjih škola odabrani su za uzorak ispitanika, a tehnikom slučajnoga uzorkovanja odabran je ostatak ispitanika. Izrađena su tri različita upitnika po modelu Likertove skale od 5 stupnjeva. Podatci su interpretirani s pomoću jednostavnih postotaka. Rezultati su pokazali da je većina nastavnika privatnih srednjih škola stručna, no nisu bili zadovoljni svojom plaćom i strukturom zaposlenika u školi. Zaključak je da škole prate kurikul koji propisuje nadležni odbor. U školama postoje laboratoriji za prirodoslovne predmete, no u knjižnicama nedostaju moderna i suvremena literatura.Ključne riječi: privatne škole; prateći objekti; kvalificirani nastavnici; srednjoškolska razina obrazovanja.
Tren Kajian Komunikasi Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Imamah Fardan Mahmudatul
Published: September 2019

This article discusses trends in the study of da'wah, specifically communication and Islamic broadcasting, which are discussed in scientific journals. This study uses a literature study approach to 11 journals published by the Islamic Communication and Broadcast Study Program in Indonesia. 581 articles were determined to be the subject of research. Each article is mapped based on (1) the theme and subject of the study, (2) the data collection method, (3) the approach or theory used, (4) the reference source used. The results of the data analysis showed that most of the articles with the theme 'Da'wah' from various platforms of various research subjects. This study opens a new paradigm in communication in general. This is marked by the enrichment of communication and broadcast theories through research in da'wah studies.
Luiz Simões Lopes entre administração e política: a trajetória de um dirigente
Authors: Caminha Daniel Ouriques
Published: September 2019

Resumo A partir da utilização do método biográfico, este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a origem social, a trajetória, as estratégias de ascensão, os recursos sociais herdados ou adquiridos e os respectivos princípios de legitimação de Luiz Simões Lopes, um dos homens de confiança de Getúlio Vargas incumbido de dirigir o Departamento Administrativo do Serviço Público (Dasp) durante o período do Estado Novo. Seguindo a hipótese que afirma acerca da condição periférica da sociedade brasileira e, consequentemente, da inexistência de estruturas sociais em que o título profissional seja o principal critério de hierarquização de uma sociedade humana, propôs-se aqui explicitar e analisar os condicionantes sociais que levaram Luiz Simões Lopes à condição e ao reconhecimento enquanto elite dirigente responsável pela importação de modelos e princípios da administração científica norte-americana. Assim concluiu-se que, em função das bases de dominação pessoal já existentes, os novos recursos racional-formais importados foram redefinidos nas lutas políticas pelo controle do Estado brasileiro.
Fiscal management, public management efficiency and socioeconomic development of Ceará municipalities
Authors: Silva Clayton Robson Moreira da , Crisóstomo Vicente Lima
Published: September 2019

Resumo A administração pública tem o papel na sociedade de gerenciar o patrimônio público de modo a proporcionar melhores níveis de bem-estar social, promovendo maior desenvolvimento socioeconômico. A utilização eficiente dos recursos públicos apresenta-se como um princípio básico para que a gestão pública alcance seus objetivos. Além disso, a transparência e o controle, proporcionados pela gestão fiscal, apresentam-se como fatores capazes de otimizar os resultados no setor público, uma vez que conduzem os gestores públicos a boas práticas gerenciais. Nesse contexto, este artigo analisa os efeitos da gestão fiscal e da eficiência da gestão pública no desenvolvimento socioeconômico municipal. Utilizou-se a análise envoltória de dados (data envelopment analysis - DEA) e regressão linear para analisar os 184 municípios cearenses, no período de 2007 a 2013. Os resultados indicam que a gestão fiscal e a eficiência da gestão pública influenciam positivamente o desenvolvimento socioeconômico municipal, sinalizando que os gestores públicos devem melhorar a eficiência de sua gestão e observar as regras de controle fiscal.
O QUE A AMIZADE (PHILIA) NOS DIZ SOBRE OS FUNDAMENTOS DA DEMOCRACIA? PRESSUPOSTOS DE UMA “DEMOFILIA”
Authors: Aguiar Thais Florencio de
Published: September 2019

Resumo Na perspectiva de Aristóteles, a política constitui a continuação da investigação ética. Se for verdade que a philia, ou amizade, ocupa o lugar mais alto de sua ética, é preciso então voltar a atenção do pensamento político para ela. Este artigo tem como objetivo explorar os sentidos da philia formulada na visão paradigmática de Aristóteles. Trata de investigar seu caráter de fundamento da pólis grega, bem como sua afinidade com a democracia antiga. Por último, esboça os sinais recônditos da persistência dos pressupostos da philia na democracia moderna, traçando o que sugerimos como tradição da “demofilia”.
LEI, LIBERDADE E DIVERSIDADE DE FINS NO PLURALISMO DE VALORES
Authors: Coser Ivo
Published: September 2019

Resumo O artigo analisa a relação entre a ideia de lei e de liberdade no pluralismo de valores. A partir da obra de Isaiah Berlin são apresentadas três concepções de lei: a lei como intervenção arbitrária, a lei como não interferência e a lei como uma intervenção moralmente aceita. A primeira se manifestaria quando a lei força sem motivos justos os sujeitos a uma ação. É esta ideia que fornece sentido à frase de Berlin: “toda lei é uma infração da liberdade”. A segunda corresponde ao enfoque libertarista, que Berlin critica porque destrói a liberdade de escolha. Por último, o artigo aponta que o pluralismo de valores concilia a ideia de lei como uma intervenção com o conceito de liberdade.
A utopia antipolítica de Negri e Hardt
Authors: Teixeira Antonio Claudio Engelke Menezes
Published: September 2019

Resumo Este trabalho tem por objetivo criticar a sociologia e a política de Negri e Hardt. Do ponto de vista sociológico, o exame dos movimentos de captura do comum por mecanismos rentistas do capitalismo tardio sugere ser infundada a aposta dos autores no potencial emancipatório da dinâmica de êxodo supostamente instaurada pela produção comum. Do ponto de vista político, trata-se de interrogar a projeção utópica da multidão como sujeito político revolucionário a quem caberia a tarefa de realizar a democracia absoluta. A fantasia anarquista de Negri e Hardt não apenas repete o purismo de seus predecessores clássicos, como também se mostra inconsciente de que sua materialização redundaria numa espécie de anarcocapitalismo, não no socialismo democrático imaginado pelos autores.
PENSAMENTO AO QUADRADO: ROBERTO SCHWARZ E O BRASIL
Authors: Querido Fabio Mascaro
Published: September 2019

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a obra (e a trajetória) de Schwarz do ponto de vista da sua abordagem - em suas continuidades e descontinuidades - dos desafios e impasses do pensamento social brasileiro, o qual estaria circunscrito, mesmo nas suas vertentes mais avançadas, como aquela oriunda do “Seminário d’O Capital”, ao horizonte modernizador e industrializante à luz do qual foram pensadas as soluções ao problema da má-formação nacional. Atina-se com a hipótese de que foi a transição precoce das ciências sociais para a crítica literária/cultural, sem renegar a primeira, bem ao contrário, que permitiu a Schwarz forjar uma visão singular da sociedade brasileira, sociedade esta pensada ao quadrado, à maneira adorniana, isto é, divisada através da análise crítica da experiência intelectual e/ou artística da época.
O BRASIL DOS BACHARÉIS: UM DISCURSO LIBERAL UDENISTA
Authors: Chaloub Jorge Gomes de Souza
Published: September 2019

Resumo Este artigo reconstrói as principais teses e influências intelectuais dos bacharéis udenistas, tratando do pensamento político de personagens como Afonso Arinos, Bilac Pinto, Aliomar Baleeiro, Milton Campos e Prado Kelly. Para a tarefa, são mobilizados escritos jurídicos, memórias, discursos parlamentares e outras reflexões que permitam caracterizar esse pensamento que é voltado à ação, mas que também é expressão de uma visão de mundo transcendente à disputa política mais imediata. O texto se divide em três partes. Na primeira, trata da autoimagem dos bacharéis em oposição à categoria antagônica dos juristas, e distingue dois tipos ideais: os conservadores e os modernizantes. A segunda seção aborda o tipo de liberalismo dos bacharéis, visto como chave para a compreensão das suas trajetórias. Por fim, o trabalho se concentra nos argumentos dos autores sobre as relações entre elites e direito, com o intuito de melhor compreender o sentido da sua missão política e das suas trajetórias ao longo da República de 1946.