bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Media Komik Digital Berbasis STEM Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa
Authors: Handayani Tri , Winarni Endang Widi , Koto Irwan
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media komik digital berbasis STEM dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi sains siswa khususnya dimensi proses, konten, dan konteks. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research & Development) model 4D (Define, Design, Development, dan Disseminate). Karena penelitian dilakukan pada masa pandemic, tahap penelitian dan pengembangan dilakukan dalam 3 tanpa melaksanakan tahap Disseminate. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui angket, pedoman wawancara, lembar validasi. Aspek yang divalidasi meliputi kelayakan materi, bahasa, dan kegrafikan. Validator (raters) yang dilibatkan untuk memvalidasi aspek media berjumlah 6 pakar yang terdiri dosen dan guru. Data aspek kepraktisan media diperoleh dari respon 20  siswa kelas VI dan 1 orang  guru. Setelah uji terbatas dilakukan, tes hasil belajar diberikan untuk mengetahui perubahan literasi sain siswa kelas tentang materi Tatasurya pada dimensi yang ditinjau dari dimensi proses, konten, dan konteks. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa media komik digital berbasis STEM sangat layak dan praktis digunakan untuk pembelajaran muatan IPA pada tema 9 Menjelajah Tata Surya sub tema 1 karakteristik planet yang ada di tata surya,   sub tema 2 mengenai perbandingan dan beda planet yang ada di tata surya, serta sub tema 3 pengelompokan planet menurut garis edar bumi.Keywords: Komik Digital; STEM; Media; Literasi Sains
Analisis Butir Soal Ujian Sekolah Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VI SDN Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Syahriani Sely
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan : hasil analisis berupa proporsi jenjang kognitif soal berkriteria LOTS, MOTS, dan HOTS, kualitas aspek materi, konstruksi, dan bahasa soal ujian sekolah mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa Kelas VI SDN Kota Bengkulu tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yakni penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumen soal ujian sekolah mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia siswa Kelas VI SDN Kota Bengkulu tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah proporsi jenjang kognitif soal berkriteria LOTS, MOTS, dam HOTS, kualitas butir soal secara kualitatif ditinjau dari aspek materi, aspek konstruksi, dan aspek bahasa. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan hasil analisis penilaian ahli atau rater. Analisis butir soal yang dilakukan melibatkan 5 orang ahli (rater) termasuk peneliti sendiri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan, yaitu: (1) proporsi jenjang kognitif soal berkriteria LOTS 34%, MOTS 46%, dan HOTS 20%, berdasarkan hasil analisis sebaran proporsi jenjang kognitif belum sesuai dengan standar BSNP; (2) hasil analisis kualitas aspek materi secara keseluruhan menunjukkan butir soal sangat baik, hal ini berdasarkan terpenuhnya tiga indikator aspek materi yang menunjukkan nilai kesepakatan rater pada masing-masing indikator di atas 0,90 dengan level kesepakatan “Sangat Kuat”; (3) hasil analisis kualitas aspek konstruksi secara keseluruhan menunjukkan butir soal sangat baik, hal ini berdasarkan terpenuhnya sembilan indikator aspek konstruksi dengan nilai kesepakatan rater pada masing-masing indikator di atas 0,90 dengan level kesepakatan “Sangat Kuat”; (4) hasil analisis kualitas aspek bahasa menunjukkan ada 23 butir soal yang masih belum memenuhi kriteria indikator aspek bahasa.Keywords: Analisis Butir Soal, Jenjang Kognitif, Aspek Materi, Aspek Konstruksi, dan Aspek Bahasa.
‘Tension and release and tension and…’: The Ethics of Narrative and Aesthetic Construction in Contemporary Streaming True Crime Docuseries
Authors: Brookes Daniel
Published: March 2022

The critical and commercial success of the contemporary American long-form true crime docuseries has rapidly codified a series of narrative practices, particularly in works developed by streaming channels (Netflix, Amazon Prime) and premium cable networks (HBO) promoting quality television as part of their featured output. This article considers ethical concerns arising from the intersection of true crime documentary, narrative prorogation, and audio/visual rhetoric. Focusing primarily on Laura Ricciardi and Moira Demos’ Making A Murderer (2015–2018), I argue that documentaries in this field develop – whilst also depoliticising and depersonalising – the narrative, aesthetic, and intellectual concepts introduced to the field by the so-called ‘New Documentary’. I outline what is at stake in docuseries works intersecting the true crime genre which utilise aesthetic strategies of New Documentary that lack foundation in either the socially-minded counter-narrative or self-critique that has historically underscored their power: namely a narrative capability enriched by a medium demanding content in terms of the durational, but thwarted by the episodic ‘bingeworthy’ form that withholds information, the unyielding commercial demands of the platform, and the clashing of earnest fact-finding with a critical artifice shorn of its reason for deployment.
Born Queer, Made Evil? Examining ‘Discovery’ and ‘Construction’ as Competing Methodologies of True Crime
Authors: Woodstock Patrick , Vena Dan
Published: March 2022

In this essay, we argue for the need to go beyond considerations of representation when conceptualising the true crime genre’s relationship to queerness and breach fundamental questions about the form of true crime. We ask: how can true crime works retrace history in a way that problematises rather than reinforces established definitions of ‘deviance,’ and this category’s historical relationship to queerness? To answer these questions, this paper outlines two competing methodologies used by true crime works like Mindhunter and American Horror Story in their respective projects of reexamining the past. Rather than considering possible methodologies for the study of true crime media, we believe that an overview of the divergent methods used by these works enables the implicit ideological investments of such texts to be made clear. First, we discuss a ‘straight’ approach that prioritises the retracing of a past crime through archival material and mimetic recreations so that a long-suppressed truth might be ‘discovered’. Second, we examine a ‘queer’ approach that freely blends fiction and historical fact to present a campy and altogether untenable version of criminality. Throughout, we argue for the utility of the latter, which serves as a productive strategy to reveal the artifice of deviancy itself.
Pengaruh Posisi Duduk dan Lama Kerja Terhadap Nyeri Punggung Bawah Pada Pengemudi Ojek Online (GO-JEK)
Authors: . Wijianto , Tuti Retno Widiyas
Published: March 2022

Lower back pain is a phenomenon that is often encountered at every job. Lower back pain is a condition that is uncomfortable or chronic pain and with limited motion when performing activities of daily living.Online motorcycle taxi driver working for 8 to 12 hours of dropping off and pick up passengers, and waiting passengers are often less ergonomic position. According If this situation occurs continuously it will cause health problems such as lower back pain.The purpose of this study to find out the effect of sitting position and length of employment to lower back pain in the online motorcycle taxi driver.This study using purposive sampling method with cross sectional study design. Because in this study, the independent variables and the dependent variable is measured at the same time. Samples were taken from the online motorcycle taxi driver in the area of Surakarta, amounting to 50 people. The instrument used was a questionnaireOswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index and REBA. Statistical analysis of test results by the Chi-square test.Based on the research that has researchers did, the result that a sitting position against the influences of lower back pain. Unknown value p-value of 0.000 <0.05 and p-value for the duration of work on the lower back pain is equal to 0.042 <0.05 means there is influence between long working on the incidence of low back pain on a motorcycle taxi driver onlineThe final conclusion is that there is the effect of sitting position against lower back pain, and there is a long effect on pain down on the backs of online motorcycle taxi driver
Manajemen Intervensi Fisioterapi Guna Mengurangi Nyeri Dan Peningkatan Lingkup Gerak Sendi Pada Pada Kasus Knee Osteoarthitis : Studi Kasus
Authors: Rosadi Rakhmad , Aprilia Linda , Wardojo Sri Sunaringsih Ika
Published: March 2022

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by loss of articular cartilage and synovial inflammation, causing joint stiffness, pain and loss of mobility. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of therapy with TENS modalities and isometric exercises in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Results: After 5 times of therapy, the results of silent pain reduction from T0-T5: 0, tenderness T0-T5: 1, motion pain T0-T5: 5, MMT T0-T5: 5, LGS value of the active knee dextra T0- T5 : S = 00 – 0 - 1250, passive right knee T0-T5 S = 00 – 0 - 1300, active left knee T0-T5 S = 00 – 0 - 1300, passive left knee T0-T5: S = 00 – 0 - 1300. Conclusion : Rehabilitation and exercise given to knee osteoarthritis patients using TENS modalities and isometric exercises support optimization of physical condition, pain reduction, increase muscle strength and functional activity of patients.
Embedding Social and Emotional Learning in Literacy and Teacher Training in Afghanistan
Authors: Ayari Susan , van Ginkel Agatha J. , Shriberg Janet , Gauley Benjamin , Maniates Sarah
Published: March 2022

This field note contributes to understanding of the challenges in and opportunities for supporting social and emotional learning (SEL) in the education in emergencies context, with a particular focus on embedding social and emotional skills into literacy learning in the early grades of primary school. In Afghanistan, the current reality is that many children and their teachers have been exposed repeatedly to adversity and highly stressful situations, such as attacks on their schools. Research shows that exposure to crises affects learning and the wellbeing of students and teachers alike. In this article, we describe how SEL was embedded in the early grade literacy curriculum and teacher training in Afghanistan, and in education support systems and practices. We further elaborate on the challenges faced and lessons learned throughout this process. The experience of integrating SEL into an early grade literacy curriculum has been positive, and initial feedback on the approach suggests that it promises to continue to be so. However, further research is needed in both Afghanistan and other contexts to more fully understand the impact of embedding different SEL practices in early grade reading materials and classrooms, and in preservice and in-service teacher training. Note: This field note was written prior to the change of government in Afghanistan in August 2021.
Beyond Numbers: The Use and Usefulness of Data for Education in Emergencies
Authors: Buckner Elizabeth , Shephard Daniel , Smiley Anne
Published: March 2022

Recognizing the lack of knowledge about how to improve data systems for education in emergencies (EiE), we examine in this article how EiE professionals use data and what makes data "useful" to them. Drawing from 48 semistructured interviews from a purposive sample of professionals working in the EiE field across the humanitarian, development, and stabilization sectors, we explored the primary ways EiE professionals use data. Using inductive and emergent coding, we identified the key themes, which we then disaggregated by participants' sector and role in EiE operations. Our findings indicate that there is a common need across sectors for data that inform operations. However, participants working at a national or local level spoke the most about operational uses of data and the least about strategic uses, such as policymaking and advocating. Meanwhile, there was a notable emphasis among actors at the global level on strengthening data systems and their strategic uses. In this article, we also highlight the myriad nontechnical factors that shaped participants' perceptions of usefulness, including the politicization of data, users' expertise in analysis, and personal and institutional relationships. We argue that conversations about improving data for use in EiE must not focus exclusively on tools or techniques but also on people, institutions, and contexts.
Community-Led Provision of Nonformal Education for Displaced Learners in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Jillani Maryam
Published: March 2022

In this field note, I explore the community coalition model Creative Associates International and its partners employed to provide nonformal education to out-of-school displaced children and youth in northern Nigeria under the USAID-funded Education Crisis Response project. While there is no evidence directly linking community involvement to improved education outcomes in crisis- and conflict-affected contexts, the existing literature and final project results point to its importance in the education in emergencies field. In this field note, I briefly shed light on the education landscape in northern Nigeria, offer global evidence on the impact of community participation in education in low-income and crisis- and conflict-affected contexts, and describe the promise a community-led model employed by the Education Crisis Response project holds for improving education access for out-of-school internally displaced children and youth. I also describe the community mobilization and capacity-building approach adopted for the project and its success in providing access to education for more than 80,000 learners in a volatile region.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KİLO YÖNETİMİNDE ALGILADIĞI ENGELLER
Authors: AKCAN Arzu , GÜLER Salih , TÜRKDOĞAN Münevver
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinde kilo yönetiminde algılanan engellerin belirlenmesidir. Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte olup, bir devlet üniversitesine kayıtlı 258 öğrenci ile 2015-2016 eğitim ve öğretim yılında yapılmıştır. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen soru formu aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin %5.8’inin obez olduğu, %36.8’inin günlük öğün sayısının üç olduğu, sadece %5.4’ünün öğün atlamadığı, %50.0’ının yeterli egzersiz yapmadığı saptanmıştır. Sağlıklı beslenmeye engel olan kişisel, çevresel ve sosyal faktörlere en sık verilen yanıtların “zaman bulamamak”, “dışarıda sağlıksız gıdaların satılması”, “bilgi alınabilecek/danışılabilecek kişilerin olmaması” şeklinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel aktiviteye engel olan kişisel, çevresel ve sosyal faktörlere en sık verilen yanıtların ise “yorgun olduğumdan dinlenmeyi tercih ediyorum”, “spor salonlarına kayıt ücreti pahalı”, “yakın arkadaşlarımdan destek görmüyorum” şeklinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin cinsiyeti ile sağlıklı beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite davranışlarına yönelik engellerin karşılaştırılmasında bazı farklılıklar olsa da her iki cinsiyette de bu engeller bulunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak öğrencilere, sağlıklı beslenme, fiziksel aktivite, zaman yönetimi konularında bilgi verilmesi; sağlıklı beslenme ve fiziksel aktivite davranışlarının gelişmesi için üniversitenin destekleyici olması önerilmektedir.
Perspectives of Music and Sports for Satisfactory Anti-Aging Daily Life
Authors: Yuko Takenaka , Seiji Konoike , Hiroshi Bando
Published: March 2022

Aging societies have been observed in Japan and other developed countries worldwide. In the light of anti-aging medicine, authors have continued several approaches such as Integrative Medicine (IM), music therapy, art therapy, frailty, rehabilitation, sports medicine and masters’ athletics. For successful aging, three important factors are necessary, which are i) no illness or disability, to maintain physical/cognitive function, to continue social participation and contribution. Music has large power similar to language and communication and clinical effects physically, psychologically and socially. Various plays of the activities for elderly such as music and sports can bring processes towards achieving successful aging.
Time Domain Implementation of Consistent Boundaries for Continuum Two-Dimensional Wave Propagation Problems Using ABAQUS User-Defined Elements
Authors: Patchamatla J. Rama Raju , Emani P. K.
Published: March 2022

The present paper details the finite element implementation procedure for applying consistent boundaries for two-dimensional continuum soil-structure interaction systems. Consistent boundary conditions are ensured by applying rigorously calculated interaction forces at the truncated soil-structure interface. These calculations involve the evaluation of convolution integral on acceleration unit-impulse response functions for all boundary degrees of freedom for all time steps. The interactive or run-time evaluation of the interaction forces based on the past response history, is successfully carried out using user-defined element formulation in ABAQUS. This precise implementation of this boundary element procedure is demonstrated through benchmark problems and demonstrated through typical stress-wave propagation problems.
Learning Unsupervised Visual Representations using 3D Convolutional Autoencoder with Temporal Contrastive Modeling for Video Retrieval
Authors: Kumar Vidit , Tripathi Vikas , Pant Bhaskar
Published: March 2022

The rapid growth of tag-free user-generated videos (on the Internet), surgical recorded videos, and surveillance videos has necessitated the need for effective content-based video retrieval systems. Earlier methods for video representations are based on hand-crafted, which hardly performed well on the video retrieval tasks. Subsequently, deep learning methods have successfully demonstrated their effectiveness in both image and video-related tasks, but at the cost of creating massively labeled datasets. Thus, the economic solution is to use freely available unlabeled web videos for representation learning. In this regard, most of the recently developed methods are based on solving a single pretext task using 2D or 3D convolutional network. However, this paper designs and studies a 3D convolutional autoencoder (3D-CAE) for video representation learning (since it does not require labels). Further, this paper proposes a new unsupervised video feature learning method based on joint learning of past and future prediction using 3D-CAE with temporal contrastive learning. The experiments are conducted on UCF-101 and HMDB-51 datasets, where the proposed approach achieves better retrieval performance than state-of-the-art. In the ablation study, the action recognition task is performed by fine-tuning the unsupervised pre-trained model where it outperforms other methods, which further confirms the superiority of our method in learning underlying features. Such an unsupervised representation learning approach could also benefit the medical domain, where it is expensive to create large label datasets.
Simvastatin and Muscle: Zebrafish and Chicken Show that the Benefits are not Worth the Damage
Authors: Campos Laise M. , Guapyassu Livia , Gomes Cyro , Midlej Victor , Benchimol Marlene , Mermelstein Claudia , Costa Manoel Luis
Published: March 2022

Simvastatin is one of the most common medicines prescribed to treat human hypercholesterolemia. Simvastatin acts through the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis. Unfortunately, simvastatin causes unwanted side effects on muscles, such as soreness, tiredness, or weakness. Therefore, to understand the mechanism of action of simvastatin, it is important to study its physiological and structural impacts on muscle in varied animal models. Here we report on the effects of simvastatin on two biological models: zebrafish embryos and chicken muscle culture. In the last years, our group and others showed that simvastatin treatment in zebrafish embryos reduces fish movements and induces major structural alterations in skeletal muscles. We also showed that simvastatin and membrane cholesterol depletion induce major changes in proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells in chick muscle cultures. Here, we review and discuss these observations considering reported data on the use of simvastatin as a potential therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
circSSU72 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells by Targeting miR-451a/S1PR2 Axis
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Xia Fada , Yao Lei , Jiang Bo , Li Xinying
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) as the most common pathological type. Due to low mortality but a high incidence, PTC still causes a relatively heavy burden on financial costs, human health, and quality of life. Emerging researches have indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a significant regulatory role in various cancers, including PTC. However, the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs derived from SSU72 remain unknown.

Method: The expression level of circRNAs derived from the exons of SSU72, miR-361–3p, miR-451a, and S1PR2 was evaluated by qRT-PCR assay or western blot assay. The interactions between circSSU72 (hsa_circ_0009294), miR-451a, and S1PR2 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Effects of circSSU72, miR-451a, and S1PR2 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were confirmed by colony formation assay, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing assay, and Transwell assays in vitro.

Results: circSSU72 was upregulated in PTC; circSSU72 knockdown inhibited PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, circSSU72 could negatively regulate miR-451a by functioning as a sponge. circSSU72 promoted PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting miR-451a in vitro. We further found that miR-451a inhibited PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating S1PR2. Overall, the circSSU72/miR-451a/S1PR2 axis might influence PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.

Conclusions: Overall, circSSU72 (hsa_circ_0009294)/miR-451a/S1PR2 axis may promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PTC. Thus, circSSU72 may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PTC.
PLK1 Mitigates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Delaying Senescence of Nucleus Pulposus Cells
Authors: Zhang Zhenlei , Huang Yizhen , Xu Nizhen , Wang Jianle , Yao Teng , Xu Yining , Qiao Di , Gao Jun , Shen Shuying , Ma Jianjun
Published: March 2022

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the primary cause of low back pain; however, the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of IVDD are not fully understood. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays numerous roles in the cell cycle, including in cell proliferation and senescence. To investigate the involvement of PLK1 in IVDD, we used patient tissues and an animal model of IVDD. Samples were analyzed via immunoblotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrated that PLK1 expression was decreased in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) of degenerative IVDs. The inhibition of PLK1 kinase activity in normal NPCs increased the expression of p53 protein, inhibited cell proliferation, and induced senescence. Our results suggest that PLK1 regulates the degeneration of the IVD through p53, revealing the function and mechanism of PLK1 in IVDD and providing a theoretical basis and experimental evidence for the potential treatment of low back pain.
Ras and Rab Interactor 3: From Cellular Mechanisms to Human Diseases
Authors: Shen Ruinan , Murphy Caitlin J , Xu Xiaowen , Hu Mingzheng , Ding Jianqing , Wu Chengbiao
Published: March 2022

Ras and Rab interactor 3 (RIN3) functions as a Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) for some members of the Rab family of small GTPase. By promoting the activation of Rab5, RIN3 plays an important role in regulating endocytosis and endocytic trafficking. In addition, RIN3 activates Ras, another small GTPase, that controls multiple signaling pathways to regulate cellular function. Increasing evidence suggests that dysregulation of RIN3 activity may contribute to the pathogenesis of several disease conditions ranging from Paget’s Disease of the Bone (PDB), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and to obesity. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified variants in the RIN3 gene to be linked with these disease conditions. Interestingly, some variants appear to be missense mutations in the functional domains of the RIN3 protein while most variants are located in the noncoding regions of the RIN3 gene, potentially altering its gene expression. However, neither the protein structure of RIN3 nor its exact function(s) (except for its GEF activity) has been fully defined. Furthermore, how the polymorphisms/variants contribute to disease pathogenesis remain to be understood. Herein, we examine, and review published studies in an attempt to provide a better understanding of the physiological function of RIN3; More importantly, we construct a framework linking the polymorphisms/variants of RIN3 to altered cell signaling and endocytic traffic, and to potential disease mechanism(s).
Development of an Offline, Open-Source, Electronic Health Record System for Refugee Care
Authors: Brotherton Tobias , Brotherton Samuel , Ashworth Henry , Kadambi Adesh , Ebrahim Hassaan , Ebrahim Senan
Published: March 2022

While electronic health records (EHRs) have been shown to be effective in improving patient care in low-resource settings, there are still barriers to implementing them, including adaptability, usability, and sustainability. Taking a user-centered design process we developed the Hikma Health EHR for low resourced clinics caring for displaced populations. This EHR was built using React Native and Typescript that sync to a Python backend repository which is deployed on Google Cloud SQL. To date the Hikma Health EHR has been deployed for 26,000 patients. The positive impacts of the system reported by clinician users are 3-fold: (1) improved continuity of care; (2) improved visualization of clinical data; and (3) improved efficiency, resulting in a higher volume of patients being treated. While further development is needed, our open-source model will allow any organization to modify this system to meet their clinical and administrative needs.
First Documented Camelus knoblochi Nehring (1901) and Fossil Camelus ferus Przewalski (1878) From Late Pleistocene Archaeological Contexts in Mongolia
Authors: Klementiev Alexey M. , Khatsenovich Arina M. , Tserendagva Yadmaa , Rybin Evgeny P. , Bazargur Dashzeveg , Marchenko Daria V. , Gunchinsuren Byambaa , Derevianko Anatoly P. , Olsen John W.
Published: March 2022

Throughout the arid lands of Africa and Eurasia, camelids facilitated the expansion of human populations into areas that would not likely have been habitable without the transportation abilities of this animal along with the organic resources it provides, including dung, meat, milk, leather, wool, and bones. The two-humped, Bactrian, species ofCamelus,C. ferusin its wild state andC. bactrianuswhen domesticated, is much more poorly known in prehistoric archaeological contexts than its single-humped congeneric,C. dromedarius. Our research uses a convergence of evidence approach to analyze reports and remains of Plio-Pleistocene camelids in Central and Northern Asia and trace the latest-known fossil Bactrian relative,Camelus knoblochi, that seems to have survived in the Gobi Desert until the Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 26.5–19 ka). Rock art depictions, some of which may be of Pleistocene age, record the complexity of nascent human-camel interactions and provide the impetus for further archaeological studies of both the origins ofC. bactrianusand its increasingly complex relationships with the highly mobile prehistoric peoples of Central and Northern Asia.
“Momma, Today We Were Indian Chiefs!” Pathways to Kan’nikonhrí:io† Through Indigenous Holistic Education
Authors: White Louellyn
Published: March 2022

The compartmentalization of knowledge and of mind, body, and spirit to schooling is the antithesis of Indigenous epistemologies and the philosophical and relational aspects of assessment making. For Indigenous students, this contributes to the cultural mismatch between home and school. In the classroom there is continued focus on colonial methods of assessment and little emphasis on children’s natural processes of learning. Assessments highlight what students know, rather than how they know. Assessments impact student’s self-esteem, self-confidence, and influence their future prospects during their educational journey. Public education and its emphasis on grading and standardized tests as measures of learning, neglect to understand the unique and diverse ways of knowing that children come to their classrooms with. Kan’nikonhrí:io (Good Mind) means to move through life with respect, dignity, honor and responsibility and is necessary for becoming fully Kanien’kehá:ka or Onkwehón:we (Original People). Non-Indigenous educators and institutions serving non-Indigenous students can benefit from the inclusion of Indigenous perspectives and epistemologies through raising awareness of Indigenous peoples history and contemporary realities, while enhancing a better understanding of the increasing cultural and learning diversity of student bodies. When children can bring their whole selves to their learning experience, including their spirits, while connecting the larger community, they can feel motivated for self-discovery through their lifelong adventure in learning, and they can be uplifted as they grow to be whole human beings with Kan’nikonhrí:io (Good Minds) and kind hearts. In this article, I offer a reflection on Indigenous holistic education and advocate for Indigenous epistemologies in public education including assessment practices as a way to address the TRC Calls to Action. Adapted from the AFS model, I offer a modified example of Indigenous holistic education here.
Relationship Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Degree of Hepatic Steatosis and Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Xie Ruijie , Liu Mingjiang
Published: March 2022

Background

The liver and bones are both active endocrine organs that carry out several metabolic functions. However, the link between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and bone mineral density (BMD) is still controversial. The goal of this study was to discover if there was a link between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and bone mineral density in US persons aged 20 to 59 years of different genders and races.

Methods

Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018, multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to investigate the association between NAFLD and lumbar BMD. Fitted smoothing curves and generalized additive models were also used.

Results

The analysis included a total of 1980 adults. After controlling for various variables, we discovered that NAFLD was negatively linked with lumbar BMD. The favorable connection of NAFLD with lumbar BMD was maintained in subgroup analyses stratified by sex, race and age in men, other race and aged 20-29 years. The relationship between NAFLD and lumbar BMD in blacks and people aged 40-49 years was a U-shaped curve with the inflection point: at 236dB/m and 262dB/m. Furthermore, we discovered that liver advanced fibrosis and liver cirrhosis were independently connected with higher BMD, while no significant differences were detected in severe liver steatosis and BMD.

Conclusions

Our study found an independently unfavorable relationship between NAFLD and BMD in persons aged 20 to 59. We also discovered a positive link between BMD and advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. More research is needed to back up the findings of this study and to look into the underlying issues.
Design and Implement of Staggered Parallel Lithium Battery Equalization Converter With Jumper Switches
Authors: Wang Xueqi , Huang Linlu , Chen Guanhua , Li Zexiang
Published: March 2022

To mitigate the pressure on energy storage and enhance the flexibility of the power system, lithium-ion batteries are widely utilized in large-scale energy storage in smart grids due to their superior charging and discharging performance and energy storage characteristics. Whereas the inconsistency of lithium battery cells has become a key issue that limits the overall performance of the battery pack. A novel flexible equalization converter is proposed to handle this issue. This converter is combined with a staggered parallel topology and jumper switched, which enables an energy transfer path to exist between any cell to the rest pack and any substring to the rest substring. The electromagnetic transient model and its small-signal model of the proposed converter have been developed in MATLAB to prove its effectiveness. Finally, the conclusion could be arrived at that the proposed topology shows a better performance compared to the traditional method.
Impact Assessment of Solar Power Generation Uncertainty on Smart Grid Reliability and Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Khalkho Anant Milan , Rapada Bhargav , Majumder Gourab , Cherukuri Murthy , Mohanta Dusmanta Kumar
Published: March 2022

The global concerted effort toward achieving carbon neutrality has given impetus to the accelerated growth of renewable energy sources with government patronage. The smart grid has the mandate to integrate renewable energy sources adeptly toward meeting the vision of carbon neutrality by 2050 in many countries. Solar energy generation has emerged as one of the most viable options due to the rapid stride of innovations in this domain as well as due to the decreasing trend of the cost of photovoltaic (PV) technology. However, the uncertain sunlight leading to uncertain solar energy generation with a low-capacity factor has been a challenge to maintain the legacy reliability of the power system. Unlike a two-state model being used for analyzing conventional generators, a multistate model has been proposed for incorporating the random variation of solar energy generation correlating with random irradiance. An innovative approach for formulating probabilistic modeling of solar energy is implemented to evaluate different reliability indices such as loss of load probability (LOLP) and expected energy not served (EENS). Different case studies with results prove the efficacy of the proposed probabilistic model–based availability of solar power generation due to solar irradiance uncertainty along with interaction with stochastic load model on smart grid reliability and carbon neutrality.
Research on the Dynamic Behaviors of a Spar Floating Offshore Wind Turbine With an Innovative Type of Mooring System
Authors: Ma Yuan , Chen Chaohe , Fan Tianhui , Lu Hongchao
Published: March 2022

Due to the existence of rotor and tower, the floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) is subjected to greater wind heeling moment than the conventional floating platform, which would cause significant pitch motion and bring great challenge to the structural safety and power generating efficiency. Moreover, the dynamic cable used for power transmission is sensitive to the horizontal motion of floating platform. Thus, it is essential to inhibit the pitch and horizontal motions of FOWT. The FOWT is connected to the seabed by a mooring system to resist the motions, while the conventional mooring system mainly resists the horizontal motion. In this article, an innovative type of mooring system was proposed to resist the pitch and horizontal motions simultaneously, by dividing the fairleads into two groups at different depths. The motion responses and structural loads of FOWTs were calculated and compared under the effects of the conventional and innovative mooring systems. In addition, the restoring forces and moments of two mooring systems were also given to better verify the motion-inhibiting performances. According to the results, the innovative mooring system was able to significantly reduce the pitch and surge motions of FOWT.
Market Transaction Model Design Applicable for Both Plan and Market Environment of China’s Renewable Energy
Authors: Li Gengyin , Li Guodong , Zhou Ming
Published: March 2022

China’s electricity market is undergoing a rapid development stage from plan to market and will exist in plan and market models for a long time. Based on the status quo of China’s power plan and market in-depth, this paper has studied and put forward a kind of market transaction mechanism adapted to the plan and market models of China. The mechanism arranges a priority generation plan first to match the priority electricity plan. Especially for renewable energy generation output greater than planned value, it carries out priority arrangement of renewable energy generation to guarantee its reliable consumption. Then medium- and long-term market transactions and incremental spot market transactions are carried out. This paper detailed design operational processes such as priority plan, medium- and long-term, spot (i.e., day-ahead, intraday, and real time), auxiliary services, and balance stages. Finally, based on actual data of the provincial electricity market, the calculation and analysis are carried out to verify that the method proposed in this paper can effectively reduce market imbalance and promote renewable energy consumption, which has a certain practical value for China’s electricity market development.
Effects of Biogas Residues on Dissipation of Difenoconazole in Paddy Sediment System Under Field Conditions
Authors: Yu Lina , Wen Yong , Luo Xuhui , Xiang Yun , Yuan Xufeng , Pang Sen , Ma Xiaodong , Li Xuefeng
Published: March 2022

Little is known about whether the application of biogas residues in rice fields will affect the degradation of pesticides. This study investigated the dissipation behavior of the fungicide difenoconazole in paddy water and sediment after the application of a chemical fertilizer or biogas residues. The results showed that the application of biogas residues changes the dissipation of difenoconazole in both paddy water and sediment. The half-lives of difenoconazole in paddy water and sediment with biogas residues were 0.50 and 10.09 days, respectively, while the half-lives of difenoconazole in paddy water and sediment with chemical fertilizer were only 0.22 and 4.64 days, respectively. After biogas residues were applied in a paddy field, no significant changes in pH value of paddy water and sediment and soil microorganisms were observed, but soil organic matter decreased by 30%. The above studies suggest that biogas residues may affect the dissipation of pesticides in paddy field water and sediments, which provides a new focus on the scientific and rational use of biogas residues as organic fertilizer in rice fields.
Relationships Among Arsenic-Related Traits, Including Rice Grain Arsenic Concentration and Straighthead Resistance, as Revealed by Genome-Wide Association
Authors: Pinson Shannon R. M. , Heuschele D. Jo , Edwards Jeremy D. , Jackson Aaron K. , Sharma Santosh , Barnaby Jinyoung Y.
Published: March 2022

There is global concern that rice grains and foods can contain harmful amounts of arsenic (As), motivating breeders to produce cultivars that restrict As accumulation in grains to protect human health. Arsenic is also toxic to plants, with straighthead disorder (StHD), causing panicle sterility, being observed in rice. The genetic variation in StHD resistance suggests that plants have evolved mechanisms that reduce As toxicity, possibly via regulation of As uptake, transport, or detoxification/sequestration. Because these mechanisms could also underlie the wide (3- to 100-fold) differences in grain As concentration (grain-As) observed among diverse rice genotypes, it was hypothesized that some genes reduce both grain-As content and StHD susceptibility and may be detectable as co-located StDH and As quantitative trait loci (QTL). We used a machine-learning Bayesian network approach plus high-resolution genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify QTL for grain-As and StHD resistance within the USDA Rice Minicore Collection (RMC). Arsenic enters roots through phosphorus (P) and silica (Si) transporters, As detoxification involves sulfur (S), and cell signaling to activate stress tolerance mechanisms is impacted by Si, calcium (Ca), and copper (Cu). Therefore, concentrations of Si, P, S, Ca, and Cu were included in this study to elucidate physiological mechanisms underlying grain-As and StHD QTL. Multiple QTL (from 9 to 33) were identified for each of the investigated As-associated traits. Although the QTL for StHD, Si, and grain-As did not overlap as heavily as our hypothesis predicted (4/33 StHD and 4/15 As QTL co-located), they do provide useful guidance to future research. Furthermore, these are the first StHD and Si QTL to be identified using high-density mapping, resulting in their being mapped to shorter, more precise genomic regions than previously reported QTL. The candidate genes identified provide guidance for future research, such as gene editing or mutation studies to further investigate the role of antioxidants and ROS scavenging to StHD resistance, as indicated by candidate genes around the commonly reported qStHD8-2 QTL. Other genes indicated for future study for improving grain-As and StHD include several multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) genes, F-box genes, and NIPs not documented to date to transport As.
Pyroptosis-Related lncRNAs Predict the Prognosis and Immune Response in Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Yang Xia , Weng Xin , Yang Yajie , Jiang ZhiNong
Published: March 2022

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Pyroptosis and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in the tumorigenesis and development of BC. However, the clinical significance of pyroptosis-related lncRNAs in BC remains unclear.

Methods: Using the mRNA and lncRNA profiles of BC obtained from TCGA dataset, a risk model based on the pyroptosis-related lncRNAs for prognosis was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression model, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on the risk model, and the prognosis value and immune response in different risk groups were analyzed. Furthermore, functional enrichment annotation, therapeutic signature, and tumor mutation burden were performed to evaluate the risk model we established. Moreover, the expression level and clinical significance of the selected pyroptosis-related lncRNAs were further validated in BC samples.

Results: 3,364 pyroptosis-related lncRNAs were identified using Pearson’s correlation analysis. The risk model we constructed comprised 10 pyroptosis-related lncRNAs, which was identified as an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) in BC. The nomogram we constructed based on the clinicopathologic features and risk model yielded favorable performance for prognosis prediction in BC. In terms of immune response and mutation status, patients in the low-risk group had a higher expression of immune checkpoint markers and exhibited higher fractions of activated immune cells, while the high-risk group had a highly percentage of TMB. Further analyses in our cohort BC samples found that RP11-459E5.1 was significantly upregulated, while RP11-1070N10.3 and RP11-817J15.3 were downregulated and significantly associated with worse OS.

Conclusion: The risk model based on the pyroptosis-related lncRNAs we established may be a promising tool for predicting the prognosis and personalized therapeutic response in BC patients.
Newborn Screening for Mitochondrial Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Cycle Disorders in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Zhou Duo , Cheng Yi , Yin Xiaoshan , Miao Haixia , Hu Zhenzhen , Yang Jianbin , Zhang Yu , Wu Benqing , Huang Xinwen
Published: March 2022

Background: Disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle is a heterogeneous group of hereditary diseases of mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids tested in NBS program in Zhejiang province, China. Large-scale studies reporting disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle among Chinese population in NBS are limited. The aim of this study was to explain the incidence and biochemical, clinical, and genetic characteristics of disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle in NBS.

Methods: From January 2009 to June 2021, 4,070,375 newborns were screened by tandem mass spectrometry. Newborns with elevated C0 levels and/or C0/(C16 + C18) ratios were identified as having CPT1D, whereas those with decreased C0 levels and/or C0/(C16 + C18) ratios and/or elevated C12-C18:1 level were identified as having CPT2D or CACTD. Suspected positive patients were further subjected to genetic analysis. All confirmed patients received biochemical and nutritional treatment, as well as follow-up sessions.

Results: Overall, 20 patients (12 with CPT1D, 4 with CPT2D, and 4 with CACTD) with disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle were diagnosed by NBS. The overall incidence of these disorders was one in 203,518 newborns. In toal, 11 patients with CPT1D exhibited increased C0 levels and C0/(C16 + C18) ratios. In all patients of CPT2D, all long chain acyl-carnitines levels were elevated except for case 14 having normal C12 levels. In all patients with CACTD, all long chain acyl-carnitines levels were elevated except for case 17 having normal C12, C18, and C18:1 levels. Most patients with CPT1D were asymptomatic. Overall, two of 4 patients with CPT2D did not present any clinical symptom, but other two patients died. In 4 cases with CACTD, the disease was onset after birth, and 75% patients died. In total, 14 distinct mutations were identified in CPT1A gene, of which 11 were novel and c.1910C > A (p.S637T), c.740C > T (p.P247L), and c.1328T > C (p.L443P) were the most common mutations. Overall, 3 novel mutations were identified in CPT2 gene, and the most frequent mutation was c.1711C > A (p.P571T). The most common variant in SLC25A20 gene was c.199-10T > G.

Conclusion: Disorders of mitochondrial carnitine–acylcarnitine cycle can be detected by NBS, and the combined incidence of these disorders in newborns was rare in Zhejiang province, China. Most patients presented typical acylcarnitine profiles. Most patients with CPT1D presented normal growth and development, whereas those with CPT2D/CACTD exhibited a high mortality rate. Several novel CPT1A and CPT2 variants were identified, which expanded the variant spectrum.
Case Report: Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Meckel Syndrome Induced by Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutations of MKS1
Authors: Lin Tingting , Ma Yongyi , Zhou Danni , Sun Liwei , Chen Ke , Xiang Yezhou , Tong Keya , Jia Chaoli , Jiang Kean , Liu Dongyun , Huang Guoning
Published: March 2022

Meckel syndrome (MKS), also known as the Meckel–Gruber syndrome, is a severe pleiotropic autosomal recessive developmental disorder caused by dysfunction of the primary cilia during early embryogenesis. The diagnostic criteria are based on clinical variability and genetic heterogeneity. Mutations in the MKS1 gene constitute approximately 7% of all MKS cases. Herein, we present a non-consanguineous couple with three abnormal pregnancies as the fetuses showed MKS-related phenotypes of the central nervous system malformation and postaxial polydactyly. Whole-exome sequencing identified two novel heterozygous mutations of MKS1: c.350C>A and c.1408-14A>G. The nonsense mutation c.350C>A produced a premature stop codon and induced the truncation of the MKS1 protein (p.S117*). Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that c.1408-14A>G skipped exon 16 and encoded the mutant MKS1 p.E471Lfs*92. Functional studies showed that these two mutations disrupted the B9–C2 domain of the MKS1 protein and attenuated the interactions with B9D2, the essential component of the ciliary transition zone. The couple finally got a healthy baby through preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorder (PGT-M) with haplotype linkage analysis. Thus, this study expanded the mutation spectrum of MKS1 and elucidated the genetic heterogeneity of MKS1 in clinical cases.