bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of a composite inorganic membrane for the separation of nitrogen, tetrafluoromethane and hexafluoropropylene
Authors: Bissett Hertzog , Krieg Henning M.
Published: September 2013

The advanced use of inorganic membranes, such as zeolites, in large-scale industrial processes is hindered by the inability to manufacture continuous and defect-free membranes. We therefore aimed to construct such a defect-free membrane. Various zeolites were synthesised on the inner surface of α-alumina support tubes by a hydrothermal process. Gas permeation properties were investigated at 298 K for single component systems of N2, CF4 and C3F6. Ideal selectivities lower than Knudsen selectivities were obtained as a result of defects from intercrystalline slits and crack formation during synthesis and template removal. A composite ceramic membrane consisting of a ceramic support structure, a mordenite framework inverted intermediate zeolite layer and a Teflon AF 2400 top layer was developed to improve separation. The Teflon layer sealed possible defects present in the separation layer forcing the gas molecules to follow the path through the zeolite pores. Ideal selectivities of 88 and 71 were obtained for N2/CF4 and N2/C3F6 respectively. Adsorption experiments performed on materials present in the membrane structure suggested that although adsorption of C3F6 onto Teflon AF 2400 compared to CF4 results in a considerable contribution to permeation for the composite ceramic membrane, the sealing effect of the zeolite layer by the Teflon layer is the reason for the large N2/CF4 and N2/C3F6 selectivities obtained. The Teflon layer effectively sealed intercrystalline areas in-between zeolite crystals, which resulted in high ideal selectivies for N2/CF4 and N2/C3F6.
Assessing the scientific relevance of a single publication over time
Authors: Bloching Philipp A. , Heinzl Harald
Published: September 2013

Quantitatively assessing the scientific relevance of a research paper is challenging for two reasons. Firstly, scientific relevance may change over time, and secondly, it is unclear how to evaluate a recently published paper. The temporally averaged paper-specific impact factor is defined as the yearly average of citations to the paper until now including bonus citations equal to the journal impact factor in the publication year. This new measure subsequently allows relevance rankings and annual updates of all (i.e. both recent and older) scientific papers of a department, or even a whole scientific field, on a more objective basis. It can also be used to assess both the average and overall time-dependent scientific relevance of researchers in a specific department or scientific field.
Double blow: Alien crayfish infected with invasive temnocephalan in South African waters
Authors: Du Preez Louis , Smit Nico
Published: September 2013

Trade in live, freshwater crayfish for ornamental markets, as well as for aquaculture, has grown rapidly and has become the major pathway for the introduction of non-indigenous crayfish species to several countries worldwide. Here we report on the first record of the Australian ‘redclaw’ Cherax quadracarinatus in the natural waters of a game reserve in South Africa. To compound the situation, these redclaw crayfish were infected with a non-indigenous temnocephalan flatworm parasite. Both crayfish and temnocephalan were in full breeding condition, with young. Further spreading of this crayfish to the subtropical, water-rich, northern KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa and southern Mozambique is predicted. Not only might the crayfish compete with indigenous aquatic invertebrates but the non-host-specific temnocephalan might transfer to local decapods, such as freshwater crabs.
Is There a Role for Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Glioblastoma?
Authors: Chi Andrew S. , Chamberlain Marc C.
Published: September 2013

Bevacizumab gained accelerated approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use as monotherapy in progressive glioblastoma, based on improved radiologic response rates observed with bevacizumab monotherapy in two single-arm or noncomparative phase II trials. Drs. Chi and Chamberlain discuss whether the available evidence supports the use of bevacizumab in glioblastomas.
Design approach for rectangular mudmats under fully three-dimensional loading
Authors: FENG X. , RANDOLPH M.F. , GOURVENEC S. , WALLERAND R.
Published: September 2013

Mudmats are used in the offshore oil and gas industry to support subsea infrastructure for pipeline terminations and well manifolds. Expansion and contraction of connected pipelines and jumpers due to changing thermal and pressure conditions impose fully three-dimensional loading on the foundations, dominated by horizontal, moment and torsional loading rather than high vertical loads. The mudmat foundations are rectangular, and include shallow skirts in order to increase capacity, particularly for sliding. Offshore design guidelines for shallow foundations tend to excessive conservatism; optimisation of mudmat capacity under general loading has thus become critical in order to keep foundation footprints within the limits of current installation vessels. The paper presents an alternative design method, based on failure envelopes derived from an extensive programme of three-dimensional finite-element analyses, focusing on the sliding and rotational capacity of the foundation. Starting from expressions that quantify the uniaxial capacity under each of the six degrees of freedom, failure envelope shapes for different biaxial combinations are developed. Ultimately, the allowable capacity under the six-degree-of-freedom loading is expressed in terms of a two-dimensional failure envelope for the resultant horizontal and moment loading, after due allowance for the vertical and torsional components of load.
On the effective stress for unsaturated soils with residual water
Authors: FUENTES W. , TRIANTAFYLLIDIS TH.
Published: September 2013

In the present work an expression describing the rate of internal energy density for unsaturated soils is derived. The main difference here, with respect to preceding works, lies in the fact that the free and residual water are treated as two different phases from the soil. The latter presents intrinsic velocity equal to that of the solid phase, and is able to exchange mass with the free water phase. Under these conditions, a Bishop-type effective stress is identified as the energy-conjugated variable with the solid deformation rate, and presents a Bishop parameter equal to the effective degree of saturation. Furthermore, the negative rate of effective degree of saturation is energy-conjugated with the suction times the effective porosity. Other contributors to the internal energy come from the constituent compressibilities, the relative flow and the mass exchange between the free and residual water.
Survivability of TiO2nanotubes on the surface of bone screws
Authors: Friedrich Craig R. , Kolati Madhu , Moser Trevor , Sukotjo Cortino , Shokuhfar Tolou
Published: September 2013

Modifying surface chemistry and/or surface topography is considered to be a traditional way of optimizing bone-implant integration (osseointegration) for improved bone bonding. The previous results have shown enhanced in vitro osteoblast cell density on titania nanotube–covered surfaces compared with bare titanium surfaces. However, for titania nanotubes to be considered as a candidate surface modification for titanium implants, they must survive load-bearing conditions. The authors investigated the structural survivability of nanotubes on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V-ELI (extra low interstitials) cancellous bone screws subjected to insertion and removal using bone simulant. Measuring the torque during insertion in bone simulant was performed to provide input loads to a finite element model to predict the survivability of the titania nanotubes. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the nanotube morphology before and after the insertion and removal tests. A finite element model using experimental insertion torque data estimated the maximum von-Mises stress in the titanium oxide nanotubes. The model predicted that the maximum von-Mises stress in the nanotubes due to combined compression and shear loading is well below the yield failure. Scanning electron microscopy observation confirmed the presence and survivability of the nanotubes after being subjected to multiple insertions and removals of the screws.
On the equivalence of game and denotational semantics for the probabilistic mu-calculus
Authors: Mio Matteo
Published: September 2013

The probabilistic (or quantitative) modal mu-calculus is a fixed-point logic
de- signed for expressing properties of probabilistic labeled transition
systems (PLTS). Two semantics have been studied for this logic, both assigning
to every process state a value in the interval [0,1] representing the
probability that the property expressed by the formula holds at the state. One
semantics is denotational and the other is a game semantics, specified in terms
of two-player stochastic games. The two semantics have been proved to coincide
on all finite PLTS's, but the equivalence of the two semantics on arbitrary
models has been open in literature. In this paper we prove that the equivalence
indeed holds for arbitrary infinite models, and thus our result strengthens the
fruitful connection between denotational and game semantics. Our proof adapts
the unraveling or unfolding method, a general proof technique for proving
result of parity games by induction on their complexity.
Composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracts of Eryngium palmatum Pančić and Vis. (Apiaceae)
Authors: Marčetić Mirjana , Petrović Silvana , Milenković Marina , Niketić Marjan
Published: September 2013

The chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Eryngium palmatum, an endemic plant species from the Balkan Peninsula, were investigated. The flavonoids apigenin (9.5±0.3 mg g−1) and apigenin 7-O-glucoside (2.4±0.1 mg g−1) were determined in a methanol extract of aerial parts using HPLC analysis. The methanol extract of roots contained catechin (5.0±0.1 mg g−1), epicatechin (2.9±0.1 mg g−1), chlorogenic acid (1.6±0.0 mg g−1), gallic acid (0.9±0.0 mg g−1) and rosmarinic acid (0.9±0.2 mg g−1). GC-FID and GCMS analysis of a chloroform extract of aerial parts showed that the main volatile constituents were falcarinol, linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid and methyl linoleate (comprising 32.6%; 24.4%; 19.9; 13.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively), while octanoic acid, tetradecanol and dodecanol dominated in the chloroform extract of the roots (34.9%; 25.8%; 22.2% of the volatile fraction, respectively). Investigation of antimicrobial activity by broth microdilution showed that the methanol and chloroform extracts of aerial parts and roots exerted a significant effect (MIC 3.5–15.6 μg mL−1) against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The methanol extracts of aerial parts or roots exerted moderate ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.
Effects of nitrogen on growth and carbohydrate formation in Porphyridium cruentum
Authors: Razaghi Ali , Godhe Anna , Albers Eva
Published: September 2013

The microalga Porphyridium cruentum (Rhodophyta) has several industrial and pharmaceutical uses, especially for its polysaccharide production. This study aimed to investigate the influence of nitrogen levels as reflected by altered N:P ratios on the production and content of biomass and carbohydrate. N:P molar ratios were altered in batch cultures to range from 1.6 to 50 using the Redfield ratio of 1:16 as reference. Algal growth (estimated as final cell number, biomass concentration and maximum specific growth rate) was negatively affected at low N:P ratios. The optimal N:P ratio for growth was identified at 35–50, with specific growth rates of 0.19 day−1 and maximum cell concentrations of 59·108 cells L−1 and 1.2 g dry weight of biomass L−1. In addition, variation in cell size was seen. Cells with larger diameters were at higher N:P ratios and smaller cells at lower ratios. The cellular carbohydrate content increased under reduced nitrogen availability. However, because accumulation was moderate at the lowest N:P ratio, 0.4 g per g dry weight biomass compared to 0.24 at the Redfield ratio of 16:1, conditions for increased total carbohydrate formation were identified at the N:P ratios optimal for growth. Additionally, carbohydrates were largely accumulated in late exponential to stationary phase.
Impact of the genes UGT1A1, GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTA1, GSTP1 and NAT2 on acute alcohol-toxic hepatitis
Authors: Piekuse Linda , Lace Baiba , Kreile Madara , Sadovska Lilite , Kempa Inga , Daneberga Zanda , Mičule Ieva , Sondore Valentina , Keiss Jazeps , Krumina Astrida
Published: September 2013

Alcohol metabolism causes cellular damage by changing the redox status of cells. In this study, we investigated the relationship between genetic markers in genes coding for enzymes involved in cellular redox stabilization and their potential role in the clinical outcome of acute alcohol-induced hepatitis. Study subjects comprised 60 patients with acute alcohol-induced hepatitis. The control group consisted of 122 healthy non-related individuals. Eight genetic markers of the genes UGT1A1, GSTA1, GSTP1, NAT2, GSTT1 and GSTM1 were genotyped. GSTT1 null genotype was identified as a risk allele for alcohol-toxic hepatitis progression (OR 2.146, P=0.013). It was also found to correlate negatively with the level of prothrombin (β= −11.05, P=0.037) and positively with hyaluronic acid (β=170.4, P=0.014). NAT2 gene alleles rs1799929 and rs1799930 showed opposing associations with the activity of the biochemical markers γ-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase; rs1799929 was negatively correlated with γ-glutamyltransferase (β=−261.3, P=0.018) and alkaline phosphatase (β= −270.5, P=0.032), whereas rs1799930 was positively correlated with Γ-glutamyltransferase (β=325.8, P=0.011) and alkaline phosphatase (β=374.8, P=0.011). Enzymes of the glutathione S-transferase family and NAT2 enzyme play an important role in the detoxification process in the liver and demonstrate an impact on the clinical outcome of acute alcohol-induced hepatitis.
Characterization of lipopolysaccharide transport protein complex
Authors: Xiang Quanju , Wang Haiyan , Wang Zhongshan , Zhang Yizheng , Dong Changjiang
Published: September 2013

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an essential component of the outer membranes (OM) of most Gram-negative bacteria, which plays a crucial role in protection of the bacteria from toxic compounds and harsh conditions. The LPS is biosynthesized at the cytoplasmic side of inner membrane (IM), and then transported across the aqueous periplasmic compartment and assembled correctly at the outer membrane. This process is accomplished by seven LPS transport proteins (LptA-G), but the transport mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we present findings by pull down assays in which the periplasmic component LptA interacts with both the IM complex LptBFGC and the OM complex LptDE in vitro, but not with complex LptBFG. Using purified Lpt proteins, we have successfully reconstituted the seven transport proteins as a complex in vitro. In addition, the LptC may play an essential role in regulating the conformation of LptBFG to secure the lipopolysaccharide from the inner membrane. Our results contribute to the understanding of lipopolysaccharide transport mechanism and will provide a platform to study the detailed mechanism of the LPS transport in vitro.
Reproductive parameters of topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) from a heated Lake Licheńskie (Poland)
Authors: Záhorská Eva , Kováč Vladimír , Švolíková Kristína , Kapusta Andrzej
Published: September 2013

Temperature regime is known to have considerable influence on the life-histories of fish. Topmouth gudgeon is a very successful invader with high biological flexibility and phenotypic plasticity. The flexibility of topmouth gudgeon in a normal thermal regime has been well described, however there has been no information published about how it would cope with extreme conditions, e.g. permanently heated water. Several studies have demonstrated that phenotypic plasticity provides an important advantage to invasive species. To explain their invasion success, the theory of alternative ontogenies and invasive potential has been proposed. The aim of the present study was to examine if the reproductive parameters of a population living in permanently heated water differ from those living in habitats with a normal temperature regime, as well as to test a hypothesis derived from the theory of alternative ontogenies and invasive potential. Over a period of 8 years (2004–2011), a high variation in the reproductive parameters of topmouth gudgeon from Lake Licheńskie was found. With a small exception, all the observed results met the expectations predicted by the hypothesis tested. This indicates that topmouth gudgeon retains high phenotypic plasticity in life-history traits even in a habitat with extreme conditions, which is important for the species’ invasion success.
Complementary Catalytic Strategies to Access ?-Chiral Aldehydes
Authors: Mazet Clément
Published: September 2013

The present article summarizes the development of two novel and complementary catalytic methods to access ?-chiral aldehydes. A C1-symmetric chiral (P,N) ligand with a structure derived from the ubiquitous binepine scaffold has been specifically designed for
the Pd-catalyzed ?-arylation of aldehydes to access indane derivatives with a well-defined quaternary stereocenter in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities. In addition, a dinuclear palladium hydride catalyst has been synthesized for the isomerization of terminal and trisubstituted
epoxides into aldehydes and ketones respectively. Combined experimental and theoretical investigations pointed to an unprecedented 'epoxide-opening/hydride-transfer' sequence. The mechanism also features two distinct enantio-determining steps in the kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides.
Sexual practices and sex-seeking behaviours among East and Southeast Asian men who have sex with men in Toronto: Implications for HIV prevention
Authors: Poon Maurice Kwong-Lai , Pui-Hing Wong Josephine , Sutdhibhasilp Noulmook , Ho Peter Trung-Thu , Wong Bernard
Published: September 2013

This study explored sexual practices and sex-seeking behaviours in a sample of 222 East and Southeast Asian men recruited through two gay venues. Over half of the respondents reported having a current regular partner; the rate of unprotected anal sex with their regular partner was high (45.1%). Among all respondents, 74.8% (166) reported having casual sex with an average of 16 partners in the previous six months; 26.5% of these 166 respondents reported unprotected anal sex with their casual partners. Respondents used multiple venues to seek sex, but bathhouses and the internet were most commonly cited. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that respondents who sought men for sex via both bathhouses and the internet in the past six months were most likely to have had a casual partner, to have had unprotected anal sex with a casual partner, and to have had prior HIV and STI testing. In comparison to respondents who used only bathhouses to seek sex, respondents who used only the internet had fewer casual partners but were more likely to have unprotected anal sex with a casual partner. Given these findings, additional research is needed to further explore the individual and structural factors that shape the condom use behaviour of these sub-populations. HIV prevention efforts must include culturally relevant information about HIV and STI transmission to promote condom use. It is also critical to develop culturally and linguistically appropriate online prevention education for Asian MSM who seek sex primarily through the internet.
Making Good Regulations
Authors: Boothe Paul
Published: September 2013

This paper looks at the changing nature of regulation making with a special emphasis on the role that economists should play. It focuses specifically on the processes used to develop regulations. It argues that the traditional process for regulation making is breaking down and that the quality of regulation will decline if processes do not adapt to the changing environment. In addition to their traditional work of comparing regulatory instruments and calculating their benefits and costs, economists can play an important role by serving as strategists to help the public interest win in the strategic game of regulation making.
The Battle Over Oil Sands Access to Tidewater: A Political Risk Analysis of Pipeline Alternatives
Authors: Hoberg George
Published: September 2013

Market access for Canada’s oil sands has been increasingly contested as proposals for new pipelines have become so controversial. This article develops a framework for political risk analysis and applies it to five pipeline proposals. The political risk to major infrastructure projects is a function of the number of institutional veto points; whether opposition groups have access to veto points; whether the project can take advantage of existing infrastructure; the salience of concentrated environmental risks; and the jurisdictional separation of risks and benefits. Each of the projects faces formidable political risks, but the risks vary in type and magnitude by project.
Informational Barriers to Effective Policy-Public Communication: A Case Study of Wind Energy Planning in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: Richards Garrett , Belcher Kenneth , Noble Bram
Published: September 2013

Complex environment and resource policy issues such as wind energy planning can benefit greatly from public input but may also be challenging for the public to understand. This paper examines informational barriers to public engagement with policy, using a case study of wind energy planning in Saskatchewan, Canada. A document review showed four types of barriers to effective policy-public communication in the case study: non-intuitive information, misreported information, obsolete information, and absent information. We provide some intuitive solutions for these difficulties but also suggest that they may be strongly rooted in the inherent political incentives of policy-makers.
Tax Credits for Foreign Location Shooting of Films: No Net Benefit for Canada
Authors: Lester John
Published: September 2013

The federal and provincial governments spend almost half a billion dollars a year providing tax incentives to encourage the production of films, videos and television programs in Canada by foreign firms. Although the subsidies are successful in achieving their stated objective of increasing employment in the film industry, the increase comes at the expense of activity in other sectors. This study uses a benefit-cost framework to demonstrate that Canadians are poorer, not richer, as a result of the film tax credits. It would serve the economic interest of Canadians for the federal and provincial governments to phase out support for foreign location shooting with appropriate transitional assistance for the workers affected. While elimination by all governments would provide the largest benefits, any jurisdiction taking unilateral action would realize a net benefit.
Pourquoi les femmes gagnent-elles moins que les hommes ?
Authors: Vincent Carole
Published: September 2013

One of the most important socio-economic changes over the course of the last few decades has been the massive influx of women into the workforce. While men still maintain a higher participation rate in paid work, the gap has diminished over time. Women’s headway in the workforce is closely linked to the remarkable progress they have made in education. But women’s advantage in education does not translate into the wages they receive. While, on average, the gender pay gap has diminished over the last 25 years, women continue to earn less than men, even among younger and better-educated generations. Why is this the case? This synthesis examines the contribution of numerous statistical studies using Statistics Canada’s microdata and shedding light on the relative merits of four hypotheses that have been posited to explain the presence and evolution of the gender wage gap.

This synthesis is also available in English on the CRDCN website at www.rdc-cdr.ca .
Physiotherapy beyond Our Borders: Investigating Ideal Competencies for Canadian Physiotherapists Working in Resource-Poor Countries
Authors: Cassady Christina , Meru Rehana , Chan Nga Man Carmen , Engelhardt Julie , Fraser Michelle , Nixon Stephanie
Published: September 2013

Purpose: To explore the perspectives of Canadian physiotherapists with global health experience on the ideal competencies for Canadian physiotherapists working in resource-poor countries. Method: A qualitative interpretive methodology was used, and the Essential Competency Profile for Physiotherapists in Canada, 2009 (ECP), was employed as a starting point for investigation and analysis. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews (60–90 minutes) were conducted with 17 Canadian physiotherapists who have worked in resource-poor countries. Descriptive and thematic analyses were conducted collaboratively. Results: The seven ECP roles—Expert, Communicator, Collaborator, Manager, Advocate, Scholarly Practitioner, and Professional—were all viewed as important for Canadian physiotherapists working in resource-poor countries. Two roles, Communicator and Manager, have additional competencies that participants felt were important. Three novel roles—Global Health Learner, Critical Thinker, and Respectful Guest—were created to describe other competencies related to global health deemed crucial by participants. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine competencies required by Canadian physiotherapists working in resource-poor countries. In addition to the ECP roles, supplementary competencies are recommended for engagement in resource-poor countries. These findings align with ideas in current global health and international development literature. Future research should examine the relevance of these findings to resource-poor settings within Canada.
The goals of regulating work: Between universalism and selectivity
Authors: Davidov Guy
Published: September 2013

What are the goals of labour and employment laws? For purposes of reforming, interpreting, and defending such laws, it is important to articulate their goals. This article is concerned with the general goals of regulating work relations (i.e., goals shared by different regulations in this field) at the level of normative justifications. The various goals mentioned in the literature are reviewed and discussed. It is argued that these goals can be classified on a continuum between selective (in the sense of intending to help a specific group – employees) and universal (goals which are seen as advancing the interests of society at large and employers as well). It is argued that a trend can be identified, in recent years, away from selective and toward universal articulations of goals. The difficulties with this trend are then exposed.
Pyridine-Mediated S-Vinylation of the Mercapto Group in Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Asgharian-Sheykhi Fahimeh , Hassanabadi Alireza , Akhgar Mohammad Reza , Karbalaei-Harofteh Mina , Khajehpour Ehsan
Published: September 2013

A good yield in the stereospecific synthesis of S-vinylated mercapto groups in heterocyclic compounds is described involving the reaction of acetylenic esters and 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole or 5-mercapto-1-methyltetrazole in the presence of pyridine. This one-pot method is simple and effective under mild conditions.
Synthesis of Amido Carbonyl Compounds through the Dakin–West Reaction using Lewis Acid Catalysts
Authors: Behbahani Farahnaz K.
Published: September 2013

The synthesis is described of β-amido carbonyl compounds with enolisable ketones and esters in the presence of aldehyde derivatives and nitrile compounds using Lewis acid catalysts.
Synthesis of a Camphor-Derived Auxiliary and the Application to the Asymmetric Darzens Reaction
Authors: Xia Yamu , Liu Haixin , Dai Xiaoli
Published: September 2013

A readily available chiral camphor-derived auxiliary was synthesised through a highly efficient and short general route. The Darzens reaction of the auxiliary with aldehydes in the presence of base gave glycidic esters with almost complete diastereocontrol and high yield.
Colorimetric Recognition of Oxalate in Water by a New Carbazole-Zn(II) Based Chemosensing Ensemble
Authors: Tang Lijun , Zhao Guoyou , Tang Bingtao
Published: September 2013

A chemosensing ensemble consisting of a carbazole-containing dinuclear zinc(II) complex and chromeazurol S displays colorimetric recognition of oxalate in water at pH 7.0. Upon addition of oxalate, the ensemble solution exhibits a naked eye detectable colour change from blue to yellow. The oxalate sensing process is hardly affected by other dicarboxylates; addition of dicarboxylates such as malonate, succinate, glutarate, adipate, phthalate, isophthalate and terephthalate does not induce significant colour changes.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Photochromic Properties of a New Unsymmetrical Diarylethene
Authors: Fan Congbin , Cui Shiqiang , Pu Shouzhi , Huang Qianli , Liu Gang
Published: September 2013

A new unsymmetrical diarylethene bearing a pyridine group, 1-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(2-pyri-dyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene (3o), was synthesised and its structure determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. This diarylethene exhibits excellent photochromic properties by alternate irradiation with UV and with visible light. Diarylethene 3o dissolved in hexane or embedded in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) amorphous film showed good fluorescence switching properties. In the photostationary state, the fluorescence intensity can be quenched to 20% in hexane and to 29% in PMMA.
An Iodobenzene-Catalysed Domino Route toward Quinoxaline Derivatives from Simple Ketones and o-Phenylenediamines in One Pot
Authors: Li Xiaoqing , Zhou Can , Hu Zhiyan , Xu Xiangsheng
Published: September 2013

An iodobenzene-catalysed domino route to quinoxalines from ketones and o-phenylenediamines in one pot has been developed. This transformation consisted of the generation of Koser's generation, α-tosyloxylation of ketones, nucleophilic substitution and intramolecular dehydration with o-phenylenediamines, and dehydrogenation.
Facile One-Pot Green Synthesis of Some New Annulated Polyfunctionalised 2-Amino-4H-Pyrans
Authors: Nasiri Farough , Zolali Amin
Published: September 2013

The reaction of cyclic CH-acids such as 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, 1,3-cyclohexanedione, 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2 H-pyran-2-one, or 4-hydroxycumarin with dialkyl acetylene dicarboxylates in the presence of tosylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) in polyethylene glycol (PEG-300) leads to new annulated highly functionalised 2-amino-4 H-pyrans at room temperature in good yields.
THE EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF MUTUAL FUND MANAGERS BASED ON DARA, CARA, IARA
Authors: Baghdadabad Mohammad Reza Tavakoli , Tanha Farid Habibi , Halid Noreha
Published: September 2013

We evaluate the efficiency of mutual fund managers of 20 different classes of management styles to identify the most efficient strategies and to propose an optimal pattern in selecting the funds by investors. We collect monthly data of 17,686 US mutual funds for a five-year period 2005–2010 to minimize the impact of survivorship bias and use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to evaluate the mutual fund performance. The set of considered inputs comprised “variance”, representing the mutual fund risk, and “turnover, expense ratio and loads indicators”, reflecting the mutual fund costs and fees. Two kinds of outputs are taken into account by our DEA model, “portfolio return” and “stochastic dominance indicators”. As a unique contribution, we state the benefits of the DEA approach in the DARA, CARA, and IARA framework, and evaluate the efficiency of mutual funds based on fund strategies as well as the performance of best mutual funds among their group.

The evidence shows that the efficiency scores of technical, management, and scale are respectively 0.81, 0.921, and 0.874 for the DARA model, while the efficiency scores of two models of CARA and IARA are negligible. Also, we rank each management strategy in any model based on two methods – the number of referencing and the weighted value so that the managers of inefficient strategies must pattern the managers’ ability of reference (efficient) strategies to improve their efficiency on the fund market in future.
DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PUBLIC REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT SECTOR IN FINLAND
Authors: Falkenbach Heidi , Niskanen Jaakko , Kiehelä Sami
Published: September 2013

The article studies the development of the public real estate equity sector. The paper describes and analyses the legislative development regarding the sector and the vehicles provided. It discusses the past development of public commercial real estate equity investments in Finland and their role as a market participant. In addition, the paper analyses the historical performance of the sector.
Grossesse, stress et psychanalyse. Un débat primordial
Authors: Missonnier Sylvain
Published: September 2013

Au vif de la construction interdisciplinaire des réseaux de prévention et de soins en périnatalité, l’exploration du croisement entre stress et grossesse occupe actuellement une place grandissante. Là où la théorie du stress progresse au quotidien de la rencontre clinique et dans la recherche, la psychopathologie psychanalytique de l’angoisse régresse souvent. Au delà de la polémique, l’auteur s’interroge sur les conditions d’un véritable débat entre les modèles du stress et de l’angoisse dans le contexte périnatal. Dans cet esprit, des « correspondances » cliniques entre ces deux paradigmes sont d’abord envisagées autour de la clinique du diagnostic anténatal et des angoisses de malformation. Secondairement, les théories de la « pensée opératoire » de l’école de psychosomatique de Paris et de la « transparence psychique » de la grossesse de M. Bydlowski sont revisitées à la lumière de cette double perspective. In fine, ce débat s’impose comme un enjeu épistémologique et clinique majeur et invite à un approfondissement interdisciplinaire des « correspondances » ici esquissées.
Comment devient-on mère grâce à un don d'ovocytes ?
Authors: Canneaux Marion , Chabert Catherine , Golse Bernard , Wolf Jean-Philippe , Beauquier-Maccotta Bérengère
Published: September 2013

Le don d’ovocytes permet à certaines femmes infertiles, ainsi qu’aux femmes souhaitant ne pas prendre le risque de transmettre une maladie génétique, de pouvoir être enceintes et mettre au monde un enfant. Cette technique de l’assistance médicale à la procréation nous invite à nous interroger sur la façon dont ces femmes se préparent à devenir mère. À l’appui des travaux menés sur le don d’ovocytes, nous avons fait l’hypothèse selon laquelle la grossesse est susceptible d’être un temps d’élaboration de l’expérience d’infertilité et du don d’ovocytes. C’est à partir d’entretiens menés auprès de neuf femmes infertiles, rencontrées à 7-8 mois de grossesse, que nous avons dégagé la nature des problématiques psychiques mobilisées par la figure de la donneuse et l’impossibilité de transmettre leur filiation génétique. Nous nous intéresserons aux raisons pour lesquelles la grossesse constitue un temps d’élaboration variable de l’expérience d’infertilité et du don d’ovocytes.
Honte et culpabilité. Naissance d'un enfant avec une malformation faciale
Authors: Bolomey Luce , Habersaat Stéphanie , Peter Camille , Borghini Ayala , Pierrehumbert Blaise , Despars Josée , Hohlfeld Judith
Published: September 2013

À partir d’une analyse clinique du discours de parents d’enfants nés avec une fente labio-palatine et en nous aidant des théories psychodynamiques actuelles, nous nous sommes interrogés sur la place de la honte et de la culpabilité au sein du traumatisme que représente un tel diagnostic et sur le travail psychique que ces deux affects imposent et permettent. Nous mettons en avant l’importante expression de ces émotions, même si difficile, afin qu’un travail d’élaboration du traumatisme puisse se mettre en route.
Étude sur le développement des frères et sœurs d'enfants autistes
Authors: de Araujo Gabriela , Lerner Rogério , Hoffmann Christian , Laznik Marie-Christine
Published: September 2013

Cet article présente les premières conclusions d’une recherche qui tend à étudier le processus de développement des frères et sœurs d’enfants autistes, afin d’en analyser les difficultés. On part de l’hypothèse psychanalytique qu’un sujet se construit au travers de la relation pulsionnelle qu’il établit avec l’Autre. Quand cette relation pulsionnelle avec l’Autre ne se met pas en place, nous pouvons constater une difficulté dans la constitution du sujet. L’autisme est la conséquence de la non-installation de ce lien due à plusieurs facteurs. On suppose que dans la fratrie des enfants autistes nous pouvons rencontrer des entraves pour l’installation de ce lien. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, nous utilisons les indicateurs cliniques de risques pour le développement infantile (IRDI) et les signes du Programme de recherche sur l’autisme (PREAUT) afin d’analyser six vignettes cliniques de frères et sœurs d’enfants autistes.
Dénis et négations de grossesse : une revue de la littérature
Authors: Seguin Sarah , Golse Bernard , Apter Gisèle
Published: September 2013

Que savons-nous sur le déni de grossesse à l’heure actuelle ? L’objectif de ce travail est de présenter un état des lieux des recherches, réflexions et avancées autour de cette entité. La diversité des théories et des observations montre des situations qui semblent très diverses, allant du traumatisme sévère jusqu’à la « banalité désarmante », illustrant la pluralité des tableaux liée à cette entité clinique. Aussi plusieurs axes de recherche semblent à approfondir, notamment celui de l’exploration du fonctionnement psychique des femmes ayant dénié leur grossesse.
La science parfaite. Savants et savantes chez Poulain de la Barre
Authors: Pellegrin Marie-Frédérique
Published: September 2013

Le philosophe François Poulain de La Barre (1647-1723) réfléchit aux conditions nécessaires pour fonder une nouvelle science d’inspiration cartésienne. Parfaite et universelle, celle-ci s’oppose au savoir de type scolastique en remettant en question la distinction traditionnelle entre le savant et le vulgaire. Poulain entend démontrer que la véritable réforme de la science suppose une féminisation de ses acteurs. Les femmes se caractérisent en effet par le désir naturel de se comprendre elles-mêmes, or la véritable science se définit justement comme connaissance de soi-même. Elles ont, de plus, une capacité tout aussi naturelle de la diffuser autour d’elles, capacité qui manque à la plupart des hommes. Avec l’émergence de savantes aux côtés des savants, le sage pourra enfin sortir de son statut ambigu d’« esprit fort ».
Philosophie du don. La réciprocité en anthropologie
Authors: Villani Arnaud
Published: September 2013

Revue critique portant sur deux ouvrages de Marcel Hénaff sur le don : Le Prix de la vérité. Le don, l’argent, la philosophie , 2002 et Le Don des philosophes. Penser la réciprocité , 2012.
La langue de la bourse : convergences et divergences
Authors: Resche Catherine
Published: September 2013

La langue de la bourse, langue de spécialité, est à la fois une langue technique et une langue imagée, empruntant largement à la langue commune, avec des parallélismes frappants en français et en anglais sur le plan des métaphores. La terminologie comparée permet d’établir méthodiquement les convergences et de faire ressortir les divergences et fait le constat des néologismes réussis et des erreurs de la normalisation forcée.
Paysans, statut foncier et irrigation : exemples dans les Hautes Plaines constantinoises
Authors: Cherràd Salah Eddine
Published: September 2013

L’évolution contrastée de deux petites communautés rurales qui occupent deux terroirs situés à proximité d Ain M’lila.Ayant des statuts fonciers différents, les fellahs de Fourchi et d’Ouled Hamla ont rencontré des contraintes, liées à ces statuts et au rôle exercé par les tutelles administratives et techniques qui ont conditionné, en partie, les systèmes de culture pratiqués localement, Tout ceci explique la mise en œuvre de stratégie paysannes qui tiennent compte de leurs intérêts économiques, sociaux et spatiaux.
Les associations agricoles : scories des temps anciens ou formes sociales de travail pérennes dans l’agriculture algérienne ?
Authors: Grerras Mohamed
Published: September 2013

Pratiques solidement enracinées dans le terroir, les associations agricoles, ont imprimé leur empreinte sur 1’ensemble des régions céréalières, en faisant participer, depuis très longtemps, propriétaires et exploitants. Formes généralement décriées, parce que perçues comme survivances des temps anciens, les associations agricoles continuent aujourd’hui et, contre toute attente, de rendre compte des pratiques sociales de travail que l’on rencontre dans les campagnes algériennes.Loin de disparaître au contact de l’événement technologique et de la généralisation des rapports marchands, ces formes sociales de production disposent, au contraire de véritables ressorts d’adaptation à toute sorte d’innovation technique agricole, parce qu’elles relèvent d’une rationalité particulière, dont les fondements font référence, de façon implicite, au khemessat qui constituait et constitue, encore de nos jours, le socle sur lequel se déploient les associations agricoles.L’élaboration d’un modèle de référence s’appuyant sur le compte de reproduction du khemessat d’une part, son application aux contrats traditionnels et contemporains d’autre part, montre on ne peut mieux, que les normes qui régissent le khemessat, éclairent de façon remarquable, les modalités de fonctionnement des contrats agricoles actuels.
الأصول الريفية للعامل الصناعي في الجزائر
Authors: مولاي الحاج مراد
Published: September 2013

لاشك أن التحول الاقتصادي الذي عرفه المجتمع الجزائري، أثر على التركيبة الاجتماعية الريفية، حيث أسرع التصنيع مثلا في نزوح الأفراد ذوي الأصل الريفي الفلاحي نحو المدن الجزائرية قصد الرفع من مستواهم المعيشي، و هذا عن طريق الحصول على مناصب عمل في المؤسسة الصناعية، و من هنا فالمجتمع الريفي يعد مرجعية العامل الصناعي في الجزائر. يحاول هذا المقال الكشف عن الأصول الريفية للعامل الصناعي من خلال تحليل بعض المعطيات الميدانية لإظهار الأصل الاجتماعي و المهني للعامل الصناعي، و حنينه إلى الماضي المتمثل في تفضيل العمل الفلاحي و الحياة القروية، و أخيرا إبراز بعض مميزاته الثقافية المستمدة من المجتمع الريفي.
Laser Marking Machine Application Research Based on Fuzzy Control System
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Cui Ying
Published: September 2013

This paper researches laser marking machine and fuzzy control system, and belongs to the optical fabrication. This paper combines fuzzy control system with laser carving system, and greatly improves the machining precision. This paper introduces laser precision system about optical fiber laser of the output wavelength of 1064 nm, researches that application fuzzy technology controls the servo motor, drives moving workbench, strictly control the location accuracy, so as to realize the precision intelligent control of laser engraving machine. Using the computer marking card and servo drive system technology, this paper achieves joint control both laser engraving signal and servo system, solves the intermittent fit between the laser precision system out light moment and ruler feed stop, researches intelligent system is developed for laser precision stability control system, and achieves caliper precision engraving. Computer connects to the network to realize remote monitoring. System is stable operation, strong ability to adapt the environment, high efficiency and precision.
Growth and Characterization of the High Purity C-Mg Thin Films Obtained by Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) Technology
Authors: Mandes Aurelia , Vladoiu Rodica , Dinca Virginia , Prodan Gabriel
Published: September 2013

We investigated the growth and structure properties of C-Mg thin films obtained for the first time by Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) deposition. The TVA technology is suitable for producing nanostructured materials because of the high power density of the vapor plasma generated by accelerated electron flux from the cathode and high energy of the ions incident on the depositing film, both these properties ensuring a high dispersion of the evaporated material. The properties of the deposited C-Mg thin films were investigated in terms of wettability and morphology. The surface free energy (SFE) was determined by means of Surface Energy Evaluation System (See System) indicating a hydrophobic character and the morphology were determined from BF-TEM image performed by Philips CM 120 ST TEM system.
A Method for Analog Integrated Circuit Embedded Self-Test
Authors: Feng Chang Jiang , Xue Bing , Zhang Ze Jian
Published: September 2013

Aimed at the embedded analog integrated circuit chip, a research for the analog integrated circuit self-test is presented in this paper. As an embedded test system, one of the key factors is to minimize the resources occupation rate besides completing the test task. The principle of this study is to simplify the scale of the test circuit, in order to reduce the hardware cost of the analog integrated circuit performance test as much as possible. The idea is like this: sending the impulse signal as the excitation to the under test circuit and transforming its response signals into digital. Thus, it is convenient to test and analyses the circuit by digital means and make full use of the pulse-testing technology. Based on the above ideas, we design a structure of the analog integrated circuit self-test, and do some tests. The experiment results prove the correctness and feasibility of our design.
Further Analysis and Multiple View of Assist Developed Platform
Authors: Lv Xin
Published: September 2013

SSH framework software is a system implemented by struts or struts2, spring, hibernate, It is used to implementing java web application system. This article study concept of struts2springhibernate and character of SSH Framework, design and implement an assist developed platform based on SSH framework, It may provide efficient, simple, stable support for SSH framework system.
Energy-Saving Analysis of the Application of Frequency Converter in the Exhaustion Systems
Authors: Wang Si Ying
Published: September 2013

This paper briefly describes the meaning of the development of frequency conversion technology, lists the application of inverter in all walks of life and takes the application of exhaust system as the example to study and analyze the energy-saving effect of the application of frequency conversion technology based on the similarity law of fans and pumps. At last the paper concludes the application of frequency converter is significant in energy saving through the comparative method.
PMV Based Hot/Cold Complaint Model for Dynamical Thermal Comfort
Authors: Duan Pei Yong , Li Hui , Liu Cong Cong
Published: September 2013

Dynamic thermal comfort control can provide comfortable, healthy, and energy-saving indoor environments. The hot / cold complaints occur when the indoor occupants are dissatisfied with the thermal environment. In order to obtain a precise index for thermal comfort control according to individual preferences, A PMV (Predicted Mean Vote)-based cold / hot complaint event method are presented so that the optimization control policies that affect both energy consumption and comfort can be formulated. A mathematical model of the number of cold and hot complaints in a time period t is developed that is based on the level-crossing theory of stochastic processes. Hot complaint experiments were conducted in intelligent environment laboratory. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.