bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wheel-Running Exercise Protects Ovariectomized Mice from Bone Loss via IFN-γ-Mediated Suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways
Authors: Shen Hao , He Jiaheng , Ling Xuwei , Liu Chang , Wang Yi , Zhang Xiongjinfu , He Xu , Yang Huilin , Chen Mimi , Shi Qin
Published: May 2022

Physical exercise is recommended as a preventative approach for osteoporosis; however, the effect of physical exercise on bone mass remains controversial. Additionally, the immune regulation of physical exercise on bone mass remains unclear. To determine whether wheel-running (WR) exercise contributes to improving bone mineral density (BMD) and investigate the involved immune mechanism, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated mice were treated with 8 weeks of WR exercise. The distal femurs of the mice were sequentially scanned, reconstructed, and analyzed using microcomputed tomography and related software to assess BMD and bone microarchitecture. Flow cytometry assays were applied to investigate alterations in immune cells and inflammatory cytokines. In vitro, osteoclast differentiation was conducted to determine the effect of IFN-γ on osteoclastogenesis and the underlying mechanism. As a result, trabecular parameters were decreased in the OVX mice compared with the sham group. However, WR exercise significantly improved the deterioration in the bone microarchitecture of the OVX mice with an increase of 60.00% in BMD, 55.18% in bone volume, 66.67% in trabecular number, 32.52% in trabecular thickness, and a decrease of 19.44% in trabecular separation. Similarly, WR exercise increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells from

7.26
±
1.71
%

to

10.23
±
1.35
%

in the spleen and from

1.62
±
0.54
%

to

2.38
±
0.43
%

in the bone marrow of the OVX mice (

P
<
0.05

). The expression of IFN-γ was also increased in the OVX + WR mice compared with the OVX mice (

1.65
±
0.45
%

vs.

2.26
±
0.34
%

,

P
<
0.05

). In vitro studies demonstrated an inhibitory effect of IFN-γ on osteoclastogenesis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the classical NF-κB and MAPK pathways were found to be critical in IFN-γ-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. In conclusion, our study discovered that WR exercise rescued bone loss in the OVX mice in an IFN-γ-mediated immunomodulatory manner. After WR exercise, IFN-γ expression was restored by activated CD8+ T cells, consequently leading to the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and the recovery from bone loss through the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
Evaluation of Urban Park Landscape Satisfaction Based on the Fuzzy-IPA Model: A Case Study of the Zhengzhou People’s Park
Authors: Feng Lei , Zhao Jie
Published: May 2022

Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory, a continuous triangular fuzzy quantitative landscape satisfaction evaluation index is used to comprehensively evaluate the landscape satisfaction of Zhengzhou People’s Park. By using the factor analysis method to determine the weight of the evaluation index, an index system of urban park landscape satisfaction evaluation is constructed. And the important expression performance quadrant analysis of the landscape satisfaction evaluation index is combined with the IPA analysis method to propose the improvement of urban park landscape satisfaction. The fuzzy-IPA combination model provides a new way for the satisfaction evaluation of urban park landscape.
Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Morinda Citrifolia Leaf Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Nagalingam M. , Rajeshkumar S. , Balu Satheesh Kumar , Tharani M. , Arunachalam Kalirajan
Published: May 2022

The goal of the present work is to fabricate selenium nanoparticles utilising Morinda citrifolia leaves extract via green approach. UV‐Vis spectroscopy, FT‐IR, and TEM were used to characterise the green nanoparticles. The size of generated SeNPs in Morinda citrifolia was anticipated to be 12‐160 nm based on TEM images. The antioxidant activity of selenium NPs was discovered to be 66.7 to 83.7% of free radical inhibtion. When the concentration of nanoparticles rises, the viability of cancer cells decreases. It shows that biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles have anticancer properties that depend on the concentration. The brine shrimp lethality assay revealed that Morinda citrifolia mediated selenium nanoparticles have low cytotoxic effects.
Regulation of Transactivation at C-TAD Domain of HIF-1α by Factor-Inhibiting HIF-1α (FIH-1): A Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Cancer
Authors: Rani Soniya , Roy Subhadeep , Singh Manjari , Kaithwas Gaurav
Published: May 2022

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) is a major transcription factor that adapts to low oxygen homeostasis and regulates the expression of several hypoxic genes, which aid in cancer survival and development. It has recently piqued the interest of translational researchers in the disciplines of cancer sciences. Hypoxia triggers an ample adaptive mechanism mediated via the HIF-1α transcriptional domain. Anaerobic glycolysis, angiogenesis, metastasis, and mitophagy are adaptive mechanisms that support tumor survival by promoting oxygen supply and regulating oxygen demand in hypoxic tumor cells. Throughout this pathway, the factor-inhibiting HIF-1α is a negative regulator of HIF-1α leading to its hydroxylation at the C-TAD domain of HIF-1α under normoxia. Thus, hydroxylated HIF-1α is unable to proceed with the transcriptional events due to interference in binding of C-TAD and CBP/p300. From this review, we can hypothesize that remodeling of FIH-1 activity is a unique mechanism that decreases the transcriptional activity of HIF-1α and, as a result, all of its hypoxic consequences. Hence, this review manuscript details the depth of knowledge of FIH-1 on hypoxia-associated cellular and molecular events, a potential strategy for targeting hypoxia-induced malignancies.
English Textbook Selection in Taiwan: Voices of Two Book Sales Representatives
Authors: Reynolds Barry Lee , Ha Xuan Van , Yu Melissa H.
Published: May 2022

This qualitative case study explores the experiences of two book sales representatives when introducing textbooks to university English teachers in Taiwan. The participants were two experienced book sales representatives working for two large book companies. Analysis of semistructured interviews showed that the two sales representatives had considerable influence on teachers’ decision-making concerning textbook evaluation and selection. These two representatives not only used information from previous users and publishers to introduce textbooks to teachers and students, but they also used their professional positions and social networks to connect teachers across institutions. They collected feedback from previous users (teachers and students) to aid their introduction of textbooks to prospective users. By analyzing the needs of students and teachers across institutions, the two representatives helped teachers choose the right textbooks for students. This study sheds new light on research investigating the views and experiences of key stakeholders in English textbook evaluation, promotion, and consumption.
Equalized Grey Wolf Optimizer with Refraction Opposite Learning
Authors: Sun Lijun , Feng Binbin , Chen Tianfei , Zhao Dongliang , Xin Yan
Published: May 2022

Grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is a global search algorithm based on grey wolf hunting activity. However, the traditional GWO is prone to fall into local optimum, affecting the performance of the algorithm. Therefore, to solve this problem, an equalized grey wolf optimizer with refraction opposite learning (REGWO) is proposed in this study. In REGWO, the issue about the low swarm population variety of GWO in the late iteration is well overcome by the opposing learning of refraction. In addition, the equilibrium pool strategy reduces the likelihood of wolves going to the local extremum. To investigate the effectiveness of REGWO, it is evaluated on 21 widely used benchmark functions and IEEE CEC 2019 test functions. Experimental results show/ that REGWO performs better than the other competitors on most benchmarks.
Experimental Study on Dynamic Performance of Rock-Concrete Composite with Different Thickness Ratios
Authors: Ping Qi , Shen Kaifan , Gao Qi , Wang Chen , Wang Shuo , Wu Yulin , Hu Jing
Published: May 2022

In order to study the influence of different thickness ratios on the mechanical properties of rock-concrete composite, a 50 mm diameter split Hopkinson pressure bar device (SHPB) was used to conduct impact loading tests on ϕ 50 mm × 50 mm cylindrical composite with sandstone thickness of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 mm. The results show that with the increase of the proportion of rock in the composite, the dynamic compressive strength increases gradually, and the dynamic elastic modulus increases linearly. When the rock thickness increases, the average strain rate decreases and the peak strain decreases. In dynamic loading combination behind the rock specimen with concrete cushion, absorb energy decrease with the increase of rock accounted concrete; when the rock is 25 mm, total absorption energy reached its lowest point; when the thickness of the rock is greater than the thickness of concrete, concrete and adjacent parts of rock joint cushion absorb the energy into a rising trend. With the increase of the proportion of rock, the degree of fragmentation of the composite specimens decreases gradually, and the fragments are mostly concrete with smaller particle size, which is correlated with the dynamic compressive strength. The rock-concrete interface is a weak surface relative to the materials on both sides.
Fuzzy Nano z-locally Closed Sets, Extremally Disconnected Spaces, Normal Spaces, and Their Application
Authors: Thangammal R. , Saraswathi M. , Vadivel A. , Noeiaghdam Samad , Sundar C. John , Govindan V. , Iampan Aiyared
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we introduce fuzzy nano (resp. δ, δS, P and Z) locally closed set and fuzzy nano (resp. δ, δS, P and Z) extremally disconnected spaces in fuzzy nano topological spaces. Also, we introduce some new spaces called fuzzy nano (resp. δ, δS, P and Z) normal spaces and strongly fuzzy nano (resp. δ, δS, P and Z) normal spaces with the help of fuzzy nano (resp. δ, δS, P and Z)-open sets in fuzzy nano topological space. Numerical data is used to quantify the provided features. Furthermore, using fuzzy nano topological spaces, an algorithm for multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) with an application in medical diagnosis is devised.
Status Forecast and Fault Classification of Smart Meters Using LightGBM Algorithm Improved by Random Forest
Authors: Tao Peng , Shen Hongtao , Zhang Yangrui , Ren Peng , Zhao Junpeng , Jia Yongliang
Published: May 2022

The objectives are to explore the effect of a random forest algorithm on the state prediction and fault classification of smart meters, so that the smart meters can run more stably. Based on the principle of the random forest algorithm and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm, its theoretical basis and application are deeply analyzed and improved. An improved fault classification and state prediction model of smart meters is designed based on a random forest-improved LightGBM algorithm. The built model algorithm is evaluated by utilizing public data sets. The results show that, by preprocessing the fault data set of smart meters, 8 fault feature types including fault type, working time, and fault month are obtained. When the improved LightGBM algorithm is trained based on random forest, the average accuracy of the algorithm is 67.65%, the average recall rate is 64.11%, and the average F1 value is 65.73%. Meanwhile, the difference between the algorithm and the random forest algorithm and the Correlation-based Feature Selection (CFS) algorithm is studied. Therefore, the prediction accuracy and fault classification of the constructed model algorithm for smart meters are higher than those of the other two algorithms. It indicates that the algorithm has a good application effect and high practical application value and can provide a scientific and useful reference for the follow-up research of smart meters.
Research on Optimization of Intelligent Traffic Dispatching Algorithms Based on Big Data in Chinese Urban Internet of Things Platform
Authors: Liu Ying
Published: May 2022

The economic development in China has brought about the urban traffic problems such as traffic congestion, long traffic waiting time, and inappropriate vehicle transfer. Therefore, under the technical background of China’s Internet of Things platform, the fusion technology based on big data is studied and an algorithm for Chinese urban intelligent traffic safety scheduling is designed. In this paper, first of all, the urban traffic safety big data is clustered. Secondly, the gray distribution model of the big data is established by extracting the association rule features. Thirdly, the elements in Chinese urban traffic safety big data are fused, including the text, location, picture, audio, and video. On the condition of meeting highly time-sensitive needs of urban traffic intelligence, the video information after data fusion is applied to detect traffic flow parameters, so that an evaluation strategy for urban traffic safety state under the urban traffic speed dispersion is established. According to the fuzzy value of urban traffic drivers’ satisfaction with the waiting time, the effect of traffic dispatching is measured, the convergence formula of urban traffic in the morning and evening peaks is constructed, and the optimal solution of the objective function of dispatching strategy is calculated by the particle swarm optimization algorithm. In this way, more efficient urban traffic safety scheduling in China is realized. As can be learned from the experimental results, the proposed algorithm can reasonably judge the urban traffic safety situation and reduce the time of waiting for urban vehicles with reasonable data fusion results, so it is proved to improve the urban traffic safety.
Optimization of Reservoir Flood Control Operation Based on Multialgorithm Deep Learning
Authors: Xue Bowen , Xie Yan , Liu Yanhui , Li Along , Zhao Daguang , Li Haipeng
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of China’s social economy, it is the most important task for the water conservancy industry to make use of the existing water conservancy engineering measures to carry out the research on river basin flood control dispatching. Large-scale joint operation of river basins usually needs to consider meteorological and hydrological conditions, historical flood data, multireservoir engineering conditions, and multiple flood control targets, which is a complex decision-making problem. Therefore, electing the optimal operation model of reservoir flood control optimization is very important. In this paper, Luanhe River Basin is taken as the research area, and three kinds of constraints, namely, water balance constraint, reservoir flood control capacity constraint, and water release decision constraint, are set to construct the flood control optimization model. Taking the minimum square of the sum of reservoir discharge and interval flood discharge as the objective function, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), Spider swarm optimization (SSO), and grey wolf optimization (GWO) are introduced into flood control optimal operation to seek the minimum value of objective function, and the results are compared and analyzed. Through the analysis of optimization results, the optimization ability and convergence effect of grey wolf optimization algorithm are better than those of genetic algorithm and particle algorithm, and the results are more stable than those of spider swarm algorithm. It has a good model structure and can make full use of the results of three wolf groups for optimization. Through the analysis of scheduling results, the results of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm are similar, while those of spider swarm optimization algorithm and grey wolf optimization algorithm are similar and slightly better than those of the first two. Moreover, the search range of grey wolf optimization algorithm for solving long sequence problems is wider and the calculation time is shorter. Therefore, the grey wolf optimization algorithm can be applied to solve the flood control operation optimization model of Panjiakou Reservoir Group.
Glucocorticosteroids and the Risk of NAFLD in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Jarmakiewicz-Czaja Sara , Sokal Aneta , Pardak Piotr , Filip Rafał
Published: May 2022

Each year, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease increases. NAFLD is a chronic disease. One of the most common causes of NAFLD is an inadequate lifestyle, which is characterized by a lack or low physical activity and eating highly processed foods rich in saturated fat and salt and containing low amount of fiber. Moreover, disturbances in intestinal microbiome and the use of certain drugs may predispose to NAFLD. NAFLD is an increasingly described disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent data also indicate a frequent coexistence of metabolic syndrome in this group of patients. Certain groups of drugs also increase the risk of developing inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Particularly important in the development of NAFLD are steroids, which are used in the treatment of many diseases, for example, IBD. NAFLD is one of the most frequent parenteral manifestations of the disease in IBD patients. However, there is still insufficient information on what dose and exposure time of selected types of steroids may lead to the development of NAFLD. It is necessary to conduct further research in this direction. Therefore, patients with IBD should be constantly monitored for risk factors for the development of NAFLD.
Logistic Model and Gradient Boosting Machine Model for Physical Therapy of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Zhao Ping , Xue Jin , Xu Xiaomei , Wang Lifei , Chen Dan
Published: May 2022

Objective. Physical therapy is a common clinical treatment for patients with lumbar disc herniation. The study is aimed at exploring the feasibility of mathematical expression and curative effect prediction of physical therapy in patients with lumbar disc herniation using a logistic model and gradient boosting machine (GBM). Methods. A total of 142 patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated with physical therapy. The pain was evaluated by the visual analogue scale (VAS) before each treatment. The logistic model was used to conduct a global regression analysis on patients with lumbar disc herniation. The final results of the whole course of treatment were predicted by the measured values of 2-9 times of treatment. The GBM model was used to predict and analyze the curative effect of physical therapy. Results. The mathematical expression ability of the logistic regression model for patients with lumbar disc herniation undergoing physical therapy was sufficient, and the global determination coefficient was 0.721. The results would be better for more than five measurements. The AUC of GBM mode logistic regression analysis was 0.936 and 0.883, and the prediction effect is statistically significant. Conclusion. Both the logistic and GBM model can fully express the changes in patients with lumbar disc herniation during physical therapy.
Experimental Study on Capillary Water Migration Characteristics of Tailings with Different Particle Sizes
Authors: Liu Di , Lu Caiwu , Lian Minjie , Gu Qinghua , Jing Ying
Published: May 2022

Capillarity influences the long-term stability of the dam greatly and affects the sustainable development of tailings dam. The online monitoring capillary water rise test system was independently developed by SM3001B temperature and humidity sensor, SU9101B RS485 converter, SV3010 data acquisition system, and other equipment to carry out the whole process test of water absorption and water release of tailings with different particle sizes. The results show that the capillary rising trend of tailings with different particle sizes is basically consistent, the relationship between the rising height and the diameter are negatively correlated, and the logarithm function can better fit the height of capillary rising over time well enough. The water content of tailing capillary zone decreases with the height, and the smaller the size of tailings, the greater the change of water content. The water release process of tailings is an unsaturated permeability process, which largely depends on the saturation before water release. The larger the particle size of tailings is, the smaller the water content after water release. Based on the above results, the relationship between capillary diameter and tailings particle size was discussed, and the relationship formula between water content change and particle size was deduced. The research results systematically show the water migration law under the tailing capillaries. It is suggested that the unsaturated tailings water content index should be added in the monitoring of the saturated surface of tailings dam.
Numerical Analysis of Flexural Behavior of Prestressed Steel-Concrete Continuous Composite Beams Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Du Huanhuan , Pan Jianyou , Shen Huaxun , Dong Jie
Published: May 2022

Prestressed steel-concrete continuous composite beam (PCCB) is a kind of beam, which makes reinforced concrete slab and steel beam bear load and coordinate deformation through connectors such as studs. Prestressed steel-concrete continuous composite beam is a kind of transverse load-bearing composite member formed by prestressed technology on the basis of ordinary composite beam. Aiming at the flexural behavior of prestressed steel-concrete continuous composite beams, a three-dimensional finite element numerical analysis model is established, and the whole process of the test is simulated based on BP neural network. The calculated results are in good agreement with the test. Using this model, the mechanical deformation performance of prestressed steel-concrete continuous composite beam is further analyzed, and the effects of some parameters (steel beam strength grade, concrete strength grade, concrete slab thickness, and transverse reinforcement ratio) on the flexural performance of prestressed steel-concrete continuous composite beam are discussed, which provides a reference basis for engineering design.
Circ_0001998 Regulates the Proliferation, Invasion, and Apoptosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma via Sponging miR-145
Authors: Shi Qiang , Ju Jian-Gang
Published: May 2022

Circular RNA (circRNA) is considered an important regulator of cancer. Circ_0001998 is a newly discovered circRNA and its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains obscure and requires further study. The expression levels of circ_0001998 and miR-145 in LUAD were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and then verified by qRT-PCR in the LUAD cell lines. CCK-8, clone formation, EdU assay, and flow cytometry were applied to determine the effects of silencing circ_0001998 on the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of LUAD cells. The target relationship between circ_0001998 and miR-145 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by a luciferase activity experiment. The effect of circ_0001998/miR-145 axis on the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of LUAD cells was verified by the rescue experiment. Circ_0001998 was upregulated in LUAD, and silencing circ_0001998 suppressed viability, proliferation, and invasion of LUAD cells. The target gene of circ_0001998, miR-145, was downregulated in LUAD, and the low expression of miR-145 indicated a poor prognosis. The effect of silencing circ_0001998 on the biological function of LUAD cells was reversed by the miR-145 inhibitor. Circ_0001998 regulates the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of LUAD via sponging miR-145.
A Method of Improving Oral English Teaching Based on PLS-SEM
Authors: Peng Dongxiao
Published: May 2022

To improve the quality of oral English teaching, we must first analyze the factors that affect teaching. Second, it examines the relationship between these factors in order to aid the teaching staff’s oral English instruction and improve the learners’ oral English pronunciation. As a result, determining how to analyze the relationship between various factors in the process of oral English teaching is a problem that is still being worked on. In response to this issue, this paper proposes a partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method for improving oral English teaching. The central idea of this method is to first analyze and summarize all relevant factors affecting oral English teaching as thoroughly as possible. Second, the influencing factors are quantified into specific numerical data, and the data are subjected to a series of preprocessing steps. Third, the PLS-SEM model is trained, and the preprocessed data are fed into the statistical analysis. Finally, the relationship between the factors is summarized based on the statistical analysis results. This paper evaluates the PLS-SEM model in terms of reliability and validity in order to validate the effectiveness of the method used. The PLS-SEM model developed in this paper for improving oral English teaching has high reliability, validity, and explanatory power. This method-based oral English teaching strategy can improve students’ oral English levels and has a high practical application value.
Tumor-Originated Exosomal hsa-miR-3937 as a Minimally Invasive Early Biomarker for Liquid Biopsy of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Qiao Dan , Gu Chenzheng , Wang Weiwei , Yan Wenhui , Jiang Chenfei , Hu Jingwen , Shang Anquan , Guo Jian
Published: May 2022

Background. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to the genesis and progression of certain cancers. The role and regulation mechanism of cancer-derived exosomal miRNAs in CRC, however, remain unknown. Methods. To address this, we first used miRNA sequencing to describe the miRNA profiles of circulating exosomes in order to identify miRNAs that were differently expressed between patients with CRC and healthy controls. Transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and western blot were used to analyze exosomes generated from CRC cells. CCK-8, wound healing, and Transwell tests were used to see whether exosomes affected CRC cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis, respectively. We chose and identified hsa-miR-3937, which was abundant in tumor-generated exosomes, based on earlier RNA sequencing data of exosomes obtained and extracted from seven matched specimens of tumor tissues and surrounding normal tissues of CRC patients. Results. The role of hsa-miR-3937 in CRC cells was found, and silencing of hsa-miR-3937 decreased CRC cell invasion and migration in a Transwell experiment. Furthermore, we discovered that there was no link between hsa-miR-3937 expression and CRC cell apoptosis. Initially, it was discovered that BCL2L12 was the target gene of hsa-miR-3937, and the TCGA database highlighted the potential therapeutic relevance of BCL2L12. Furthermore, to identify hsa-miR-3937 as a biomarker of CRC, we used peripheral blood samples rather than patient tissues and extracted exosomes from plasma samples. To assess the expression levels and predictive usefulness of plasma exosomal hsa-miR-3937 in CRC, we performed RT-qPCR to identify hsa-miR-3937 levels in all samples. We also gathered clinicopathological information in order to look for links between aberrant hsa-miR-3937 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. The pathologic stage of CRC patients was linked to hsa-miR-3937 expression levels, and the same was true for the T stage. ROC curve study revealed that hsa-miR-3937 outperforms CEA and CA199. The combination of hsa-miR-3937, CEA, and CA199 exhibited the highest sensitivity for CRC diagnosis. Conclusions. Our findings show that the tumor-originated exosomal hsa-miR-3937 is a potential and effective liquid biopsy marker for colorectal cancer detection and therapy.
Bifurcation Analysis and Exact Wave Solutions for the Double‐Chain Model of DNA
Authors: Hassan Taher S. , Elmandouh A.A. , Attiya Adel A. , Khedr Ahmed Y.
Published: May 2022

This work aims to study analytically the nonlinear model for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Based on the complete discrimination and direct method, some new wave solutions are introduced. These solutions are sorted into solitary, periodic, kink (antikink), and singular solutions. Moreover, a part of them is illustrated graphically. Based on Hamilton concepts, we study the bifurcation and phase portrait for the Hamilton system corresponding to the model under consideration.
Artemether Alleviates Diabetic Kidney Disease by Modulating Amino Acid Metabolism
Authors: Rong Guangli , Weng Wenci , Huang Jingting , Chen Yijun , Yu Xuewen , Yuan Rui , Gu Xiufen , Wu Xia , Cai Yuchun , Han Pengxun , Shao Mumin , Sun Huili , Ge Na
Published: May 2022

Diabetes is a worldwide metabolic disease with rapid growing incidence, characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), has a high morbidity according to the constantly increasing diabetic patients and always develops irreversible deterioration of renal function. Though different in pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and therapies, both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can evolve into DKD. Since amino acids are both biomarkers and causal agents, rarely report has been made about its metabolism which lies in T1DM‐ and T2DM‐related kidney disease. This study was designed to investigate artemether in adjusting renal amino acid metabolism in T1DM and T2DM mice. Artemether was applied as treatment in streptozotocin (STZ) induced T1DM mice and db/db T2DM mice, respectively. Artemether‐treated mice showed lower FBG and HbA1c and reduced urinary albumin excretion, as well as urinary NAG. Both types of diabetic mice showed enlarged kidneys, as confirmed by increased kidney weight and the ratio of kidney weight to body weight. Artemether normalized kidney size and thus attenuated renal hypertrophy. Kidney tissue UPLC‐MS analysis showed that branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) and citrulline were upregulated in diabetic mice without treatment and downregulated after being treated with artemether. Expressions of glutamine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, ornithine, glycine, histidine, phenylalanine and threonine were decreased in both types of diabetic mice whereas they increased after artemether treatment. The study demonstrates the initial evidence that artemether exerted renal protection in DKD by modulating amino acid metabolism.
Oral Business English Recognition Method Based on RankNet Model and Endpoint Detection Algorithm
Authors: Xu Xia , Xiao Kunxue
Published: May 2022

The prosodic feature of “stressed syllables” plays an important role in business English learning. For the majority of nonnative language learners learning English, the pronunciation of native language can easily affect the expression of spoken English. For those who cooperate and communicate in business, if they want to have more idiomatic and accurate spoken English, they need to control the necessary condition of stress first. This puts forward new requirements for the existing speech recognition technology: more accurate recognition of stressed syllables, reading complex and different emotional colors, and helping to correct oral expression. The experimental results show that (1) the higher the Fisher Ratio of the feature, the easier it is to distinguish the stressed syllables; adjusting the weight of features can effectively improve the recognition accuracy. (2) The recognition rate will decrease with the increase of noise. (3) InwMS method can distinguish features better than min-max method, but the recognition rate of stressed syllables is very low. Linear recognition based on single feature is not recommended. (4) The error rates of the two methods are 20.6% and 19.32%. If any feature of the fusion feature is removed, the error recognition rate of the model will increase by at least 3%. (5) For sentence stress recognition based on fusion features, the recognition error rate on RankNet model is as high as 42.51%. The final result of system operation is good, simple, and convenient.
Research on Seismic Design Method for Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure
Authors: Yu Kemeng
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the losses caused by earthquake and the damage brought to engineering structures are firstly introduced. Then, the types of seismic damage of such structures are introduced with reinforced concrete frame structure as an example. Next, the seismic design methods of structures in domestic and foreign codes are summarized, mainly including seismic measures and seismic structural measures, and the types and applications of seismic shock absorption technology are further introduced. Finally, the effectiveness of the seismic shock absorption technology is verified by using the passive control method as an example.
China’s Energy Structure Optimization Based on Data Mining from the Perspective of Circular Economy: Take Qujing City as an Example
Authors: Zhao Jing , Zhu Qiongli
Published: May 2022

While China’s economic strength has steadily improved, China’s environment and energy development have also attracted much attention. On the basis of previous research results, this paper constructs the ESO (energy structure optimization) evaluation index system from the perspective of CE (circular economy). In data mining, correlation analysis is used to identify the factors that affect ESO. The carbon pinch method is used to identify the bottleneck of energy consumption, and the amount of clean energy that meets the carbon emission limit is determined by energy substitution. The research shows that ESO can only be realized under certain incentives and constraints under the carbon emission limit, and the key is to reduce the proportion of high-carbon energy. In the next 20 years of Qujing’s energy structure, primary power will enter a stage of rapid development, accounting for 5% of the total energy consumption by 2022. The development of CE is conducive to overcoming resource bottlenecks and reducing energy risks in Qujing, so the development of CE is the only way for Qujing to develop ESO.
Time-Frequency Characteristics of Acoustic Emission Signals on Water-Bearing Sandstone Specimen Subjected to Conventional Uniaxial Compression
Authors: Duan Hui-qiang , Gao Ming-tao , Yan Hong-yu
Published: May 2022

This paper presents an experimental investigation of acoustic emission (AE) time-frequency characteristics of a water-bearing sandstone specimen in a conventional uniaxial compression test. The main achievements are as follows: (1) The violent fluctuation of AE time domain parameters indicates that the water-bearing sandstone specimen is about to be destroyed. This characteristic provides a theoretical basis for predicting the failure of water-bearing rock in engineering practice. (2) In the elastic phase, the AE

b

value is the lowest but has a sudden increase after falling into the steady crack propagation phase. In the unsteady crack propagation phase, the AE

b

value is further increased. This characteristic is of great indicative value for predicting the failure of the water-bearing sandstone specimen. (3) The difference of dominant frequency among the three key points is very small, indicating that the crack initiation and propagation of the water-bearing sandstone specimen has a certain stability in the damage and failure process. But, the two-dimensional frequency spectrum structure of AE waveform signals shows that the closer to failure, the more the number of the frequency spectrum structure peaks. (4) The energy of AE signals is mainly concentrated in the first three frequency bands. The closer to failure, the more the energy proportion of the first three frequency bands is reduced; conversely, the energy proportion of the latter five frequency bands is increased, which leads to more complexity of the failure modes of the water-bearing sandstone specimen.
Heterogeneous Driver Modeling and Corner Scenarios Sampling for Automated Vehicles Testing
Authors: Ge Jingwei , Xu Huile , Zhang Jiawei , Zhang Yi , Yao Danya , Li Li
Published: May 2022

Virtual simulation-based testing of autonomous vehicles (AVs) needs massive challenging corner cases to reach high testing accuracy. Current methods achieve this goal by finding testing scenarios with low sampling frequency in the empirical distribution. However, these methods neglect modeling heterogeneous driving behavior, which actually is crucial for finding corner cases. To fill this gap, we propose an interpretable and operable method for sampling corner cases. Firstly, we initialize a testing scenario and allocate testing tasks to AV. Then, to simulate the variability in driving behaviors, we design utility functions with several hyperparameters and generate aggressive, conservative, and normal driving strategies by adjusting hyperparameters. By changing the heterogeneous driving behavior of surrounding vehicles (SVs), we can sample the challenging corner cases in the scenario. Finally, we conduct a series of simulation experiments in a typical lane-changing scenario. The simulation results reveal that by adjusting the occurrence frequency of heterogeneous SVs in the testing scenario, more corner cases can be found in limited rounds of simulations.
Social and Institutional Status of Area Exclosure in North Wollo and Waghemira Zones, Northeastern Ethiopia
Authors: Kassaye Mekonen Melkamu , Abiyu Hailu Abrham , Alemu Abitew Asmamaw
Published: May 2022

Forest restoration with area exclosure has the hopeful restoration strategy for nature conservation and social development goals as a countermeasure against deforestation and forest degradation. However, the status of these restoration interventions is not well known with scientific evaluation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the social and institutional status of forest restoration with area exclosures. To do this, three districts in three agroecologies were selected purposively based on exclosure availability, and in each district, three exclosures were selected. The questionnaire survey was administered to households near the selected exclosures for both user and nonuser groups selected with simple random sampling. Required data were collected and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics and then compared against the best practices of Ostrom’s design principles (ODPs). The result revealed that the local community has good trust and participation in highland (63%) and mid-altitude (70%) areas, but low trust and participation in lowland areas (85%). In the highland and mid-altitude areas, local communities have the right to use exclosure for multiple uses. In lowland areas, the use right is very restricted for local communities. Exclosure institutions and governance showed medium compliance in the highland, very good compliance in mid-altitude, and very poor compliance in the lowland with the ODP. This was triangulated when 79% of the respondents in highland and 82% in mid-altitude argued that area exclosure is successful and 82% of respondents argued that area exclosure is failed in the lowland. For successful and sustainable forest restoration practice with area exclosure, the approach should start at the bottom and the activity should require the full participation of the local community in all stages.
Astragalus Polysaccharides/PVA Nanofiber Membranes Containing Astragaloside IV-Loaded Liposomes and Their Potential Use for Wound Healing
Authors: Yue Yuan , Liu Xinjun , Pang Lan , Liu Yue , Lin Yuzhu , Xiang Ting , Li Jie , Liao Shiqin , Jiang Yunlan
Published: May 2022

Delayed wound healing is a common and serious complication in diabetic patients, especially the slow healing of foot ulcers, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and is also the most important risk factor for lower limb amputation. The multifunctional novel dressing prepared by loading the polymer nanofibers with anti-inflammatory and prohealing plant extracts can promote the wound repair of these ulcers by electrospinning technology. Liposomes are nanoparticles prepared from phospholipids and have been widely used as drug delivery systems. Liposomes can be combined with electrospun nanofibrous webs to facilitate local and sustained delivery of loaded bioactive substances. In this study, liposomes were prepared with astragaloside IV (AS) by employing a modified ethanol injection method and conducting the physical and chemical characterization (e.g., the particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency). Astragalus polysaccharides were extracted from Astragalus membranaceus. Subsequently, we prepared the electrospun polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/astragalus polysaccharide (APS)/astragaloside IV (AS) nanofibers. The morphology of the produced ASL/APS/PVA, APS/PVA, and PVA nanofibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and it turns out that the addition of astragalus extract made the fiber diameter smaller and the fibers arranged neatly with no dripping. An induced diabetic rat model was built, and a diabetic ulcer model was built by total cortical resection to assess the prorepair ability of the prepared nanofibers. According to in vivo animal experiments, the nanofibrous membrane loaded with APS and ASL was reported to inhibit the occurrence of wound inflammation, enhance the deposition of collagen fibers (

P
<
0.05

) and the repair of regenerated epithelium (

P
<
0.05

), and effectively strengthen the wound healing of diabetic rats (

P
<
0.05

). In brief, PVA-loaded APS/ASL nanofibrous membranes refer to a prominent wound healing dressing material, which can effectively facilitate the healing of diabetic wounds, and they are demonstrated to be highly promising for application in diabetic wound dressings and tissue engineering.
Variable Mutation Expression in Human Cancers: A “Hide-and-Seek” Mechanism Linked to Differential MHC-I Presentation Dynamics
Authors: Boichard Amélie , Kurzrock Razelle
Published: May 2022

Not all genomic mutations are expressed at the transcript/protein level, which may explain variation in cancer development, prognosis, and treatment response/resistance. In this study, our aim was to describe the prevalence of somatic mutation loss of expression (‘variant silencing’) in a large collection of human samples, and the potential impact of such variant silencing on tumor immunogenicity. Whole-exome mutation description and tumor-normal paired mRNA expression data originating from 636 unique patients diagnosed with 21 distinct tumor types (all solid tumors) were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Antigenicity and immunogenicity of neopeptides originating from mutated proteins within a same tumor sample were predicted using the tools available from the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB). A total of 65,072 missense mutations were studied. We demonstrated that 9.06% (N = 10,604 silenced/117,505 total variants) somatic variants were silenced in human tumors. Transciptomic silencing is significantly associated with proteins presenting better peptide processing, MHC-I binding, and T-cell recognition; and is more likely observed in lymphocyte-depleted tumors. Silencing may participate in tumor resistance by clonal selection and immune evasion. In the era of precision medicine, we suggest that therapeutic choices should be informed by both the presence of a genomic mutation and its actual transcript expression.
Metabolism and the Effect of Animal-Derived Oxysterols in the Diet on the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Choroszyński Mikołaj , Barcikowska Maria , Barczak Anna
Published: May 2022

Background: The rapid worldwide increase in the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease is associated with changing nutrition patterns. Recently, some articles have highlighted the link between Alzheimer’s disease and dietary cholesterol. It was found that elevated levels of some of its fractions in the brain and circulation affect metabolism. Summary: Previous studies have considered the relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and oxidized cholesterol molecules in the brain. To date, there are limited data available on the relationship between oxidized cholesterol in the brain and Alzheimer’s disease. There is a link between a diet high in cholesterol and its oxidized forms, leading to hypercholesterolemia, which is one of significant risk factors of dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. Oxidized cholesterol can be absorbed in the small intestine and cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to increased inflammation and endogenous oxidative process. Animal-origin foods are sources of oxidized cholesterol, with cholesterol oxidation beginning already after slaughter and occurring during storage and processing. Key Messages: High-heat food preparation and storage of cooked products in the refrigerator followed by subsequent heating may significantly increase the amount of oxidized cholesterol products. Therefore, a diet low in cholesterol oxidation products and high in plants with antioxidative properties seems to be most preventable and should be implemented as early as possible.
Infrequent Intranasal Oxytocin Followed by Positive Social Interaction Improves Symptoms in Autistic Children: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Le Jiao , Zhang Lan , Zhao Weihua , Zhu Siyu , Lan Chunmei , Kou Juan , Zhang Qianqian , Zhang Yingying , Li Qin , Chen Zhuo , Fu Meina , Montag Christian , Zhang Rong , Yang Wenxu , Becker Benjamin , Kendrick Keith M.
Published: May 2022

Introduction: There are currently no approved drug interventions for social behavior dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous trials investigating effects of daily intranasal oxytocin treatment have reported inconsistent results and have not combined it with positive social interaction. However, in two preclinical studies we established that treatment every other day rather than daily is more efficacious in maintaining neural and behavioral effects by reducing receptor desensitization. Objective: We aimed to establish whether a 6-week intranasal oxytocin compared with placebo treatment, followed by a period of positive social interaction, would produce reliable symptom improvements in children with ASD. Methods: A pilot double-blind, randomized, crossover design trial was completed including 41 children with ASD aged 3–8 years. Primary outcomes were the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 (ADOS-2) and social responsivity scale-2 (SRS-2). Secondary measures included cognitive, autism- and caregiver-related questionnaires, and social attention assessed using eye-tracking. Results: Significant improvements were found for oxytocin relative to placebo in primary outcome measures (total ADOS-2 and SRS-2 scores, ps < 0.001) and in behavioral adaptability and repetitive behavior secondary measures. Altered SRS-2 scores were associated with increased saliva oxytocin concentrations. Additionally, oxytocin significantly increased time spent viewing dynamic social compared to geometric stimuli and the eyes of angry, happy, and neutral expression faces. There were no adverse side effects of oxytocin treatment. Conclusions: Overall, results demonstrate that a 6-week intranasal oxytocin treatment administered every other day and followed by positive social interactions can improve clinical, eye tracking, and questionnaire-based assessments of symptoms in young autistic children.