bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FIBRILAÇÃO ATRIAL: QUANDO E COMO OPTAR PELO TRATAMENTO FARMACOLÓGICO E QUANDO INDICAR ABLAÇÃO
Authors:   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Pereira Valdigem Bruno ,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia,   Rede Dor / São Luiz,   Medscape, de Almeida Carla ,   Rede Dor / São Luiz, Braga Andalaft Rogerio ,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein,   Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia,   Rede Dor / São Luiz
Published: July 2023

Fibrilação atrial (FA) tem três pilares de tratamento de acordo com as diretrizes vigentes, o ABC da FA. A fica para prevenção de eventos embólicos (Avoid Stroke), B para melhor controle de sintomas (Better symptoms control) e C para controle de comorbidades (Comorbidities). Desde o estudo AFFIRM, houve mudança significativa nas opções terapêuticas para fibrilação atrial, sendo a mais marcante a inclusão de estratégia não farmacológica chamada ablação de fibrilação atrial no final do milênio passado. Ainda que exista hoje crescente evidência do benefício do controle de ritmo na redução dos eventos embólicos, e o conceito de cardiopatia atrial ganha espaço à medida que vemos que pacientes podem fazer acidentes vasculares encefálicos (AVE) mesmo sem evidencia de fibrilação atrial recente. Isso significa que a importância da anticoagulação (quando bem indicada) ainda se faz presente independente da estratégia escolhida. Por outro lado, o melhor controle de sintomas, que envolve controle de ritmo ou frequência, e o tratamento de comorbidades (como apneia obstrutiva do sono, obesidade, hipertensão) são pilares fundamentais do maior objetivo que é a preservação de qualidade de vida do portador de FA. O exercício de atualização de conceitos que tínhamos como certos e seguros é o que separa a ciência do dogma. Neste artigo, tentamos conden-sar as evidências mais atuais para estabelecer novas metas no atendimento de FA, mais assertivas, e que permitam uma maior integração entre as equipes médicas que atendem o paciente, mostrando que todos os tratamentos podem (e devem) ser encarnados como complementares, e não competitivos. E estabelecer a relevância de conceitos como janela de oportunidade para ablação, identificação de fatores não cardíacos que dificultam o trata-mento e o papel fundamental do médico assistente do paciente no tratamento invasivo da FA.
FIBRILAÇÃO ATRIAL ASSINTOMÁTICA: QUAIS AS IMPLICAÇÕES E QUANDO DEVO TRATAR?
Authors:   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Centro de Arritmia, Scuotto Frederico ,   Hospital Samaritano Higienópolis. United Health Group, Paul Luiz Carlos ,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Centro de Arritmia,   Hospital Samaritano Higienópolis. United Health Group, Fenelon Guilherme ,   Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Centro de Arritmia,   Hospital Samaritano Higienópolis. United Health Group
Published: July 2023

A fibrilação atrial (FA) pode se apresentar de modo assintomático em 40–50% dos casos. Sua incidência está relacionada principalmente à idade avançada, sexo masculino, e maior número de comorbidades. Seu diagnóstico requer registro eletrocardiográfico de 12 derivações completo ou 30 segundos de registro eletrocardiográfico por outro método (Holter, Monitor de Eventos Externo). Já a FA subclínica e os episódios de alta frequência atrial (atrial high rate episodes – AHRE), que fazem parte do espectro da FA assintomáti-ca, são geralmente rastreados por dispositivos cardíacos implantáveis (marcapassos e monitor de evento implantável), porém sem a documentação eletrocardiográfica descrita. Uma vez que a primeira manifestação clínica da FA assintomática pode ser um evento tromboembólico, como acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), o rastreamento em pacientes de alto risco é de suma importância. O rastreamento pode ser feito pela orientação do paciente para palpação do pulso, passando pela utilização de dispositivos vestíveis com registro eletrocardiográfico, como relógios inteligentes, chegando até o padrão-ouro, o monitor de eventos implantável. A anticoagulação (ACO) é a principal medida em pacientes estratificados como alto risco tromboembólico na FA assintomática. Embora a FA subclínica aumente o risco de AVC, o benefício da ACO ainda é incerto. Quanto ao manejo da FA, o controle de ritmo tem se destacado sobre o controle de frequência cardíaca, mesmo nos pacientes assintomáticos, pelos melhores desfechos demonstrados em recentes ensaios clínicos. Nesse sentido, a ablação por cateter tem ocupado um papel importante em razão de sua elevada eficácia/segurança atingida nos últimos anos.
FLUTTER ATRIAL: CUIDADOS NA CARDIOVERSÃO E INDICAÇÕES PARA O TRATAMENTO FARMACOLÓGICO E ABLATIVO
Authors:   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Setor de Arritmia e Eletrofisiologia Clínica da Divisão de Cardiologia., Arfelli Elerson , Ribeiro Cury Pavão Maria Lícia ,   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Setor de Arritmia e Eletrofisiologia Clínica da Divisão de Cardiologia., Chaves de Melo João Paulo ,   Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Setor de Arritmia e Eletrofisiologia Clínica da Divisão de Cardiologia.
Published: July 2023

O flutter atrial é uma taquicardia macrorreentrante relativamente comum que pode estar associada a substancial sintomatologia e comorbidades. O tratamento baseia-se na reversão aguda e na prevenção de recorrências a longo prazo. Neste artigo, revisa-mos as peculiaridades da cardioversão, as limitações do tratamento farmacológico e as indicações e desafios da ablação por cateter.
Vacaciones para una infancia desvalida. Las colonias escolares en Chile, 1900-1940
Authors: Gaete Lagos Jorge Luis , Yáñez Andrade Juan Carlos
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo analiza las colonias escolares de vacaciones en Chile entre 1900 y 1940, como dispositivos higiénicos-pedagógicos de carácter preventivo. Se destacan en particular, las condiciones de la infancia desvalida en Chile, la recepción de las colonias escolares y la importancia de estos dispositivos de intervención en los cuidados sanitarios, acompañamiento educativo y prácticas recreativas. Se señala que las colonias escolares, como dispositivos higiénico-pedagógicos, fueron importantes para que los niños de las familias más pobres desarrollaran prácticas recreativas y se apropiaran de espacios que sin las colonias hubiesen sido muy difíciles de conocer.
Kebahagiaan pada Pendakwah Muslim
Authors: Mildaeni Itsna Nurrahma , Herdian Herdian
Published: July 2023

Islam sebagai agama mayoritas masyarakat Indonesia memiliki nilai-nilai yang dianut oleh seorang muslim yang mempengaruhi konsep dan cara pandang dalam memandang kehidupan termasuk terhadap kebahagiaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa faktor-faktor yang menentukan kebahagiaan seorang muslim. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan metode survei dengan kuesioner terbuka (open ended questionnaire). Partisipan penelitian adalah 40 orang muslim yang terdiri dari 20 orang laki-laki dan 20 orang perempuan. Hasil penelitian menemukan kebahagiaan pada muslim berkaitan dengan keluarga (55%), hubungan sosial (18%), rezeki (10%), konsep  spiritualitas dan religiusitas (18%). Penelitian membuktikan bahwa kebahagiaan seorang muslim meliputi unsur fisik, psikis, sosial, dan spiritual dan religiusitas. Implikasi dan pembahasan didiskusikan.
The Role of Product Innovation and Market Orientation in Achieving Competitive Advantage in Cashew Guava UMKM in Central Buton Regency
Authors: Titing Andry Stepahnie , Stiadi Muhamad , Meiliasasmita. R Elin
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine: (1) The Role of Product Innovation in achieving Competitive Advantage in Cashew MSMEs in Central Buton Regency. (2) The role of Market Orientation in achieving Competitive Advantage in Cashew MSMEs in Central Buton Regency. This research uses an approach with Quantitative methods, Data collection in this study used Literature Study and Questionnaire Distribution. The population of this study were all cashew MSME business actors in Central Buton Regency. While the sample of this study amounted to 48 people. Testing this research instrument using the Validity Test and Reliability Test with SPSS 25.0. The data analysis technique used in this study is the measurement model test (outer model) and structural model testing (inner model) with Smart PLS 3.0. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there is a positive and significant influence between the Product Innovation variable on Competitive Advantage as indicated by the t-statistic value of 2.180 with a P-Value of 0.030 and the Market Orientation variable also has a positive and significant effect on Competitive Advantage as indicated by the t-statistic value of 5.143 with a P-Value of 0.000.
Fair play perception of sports sciences students: Kazakhstan-Turkey comparison
Authors:   Faculty of Sport Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Pekel Aylin
Published: July 2023

The unifying power of sport not only brings different cultures and people together but can also transcend social, economic and political differences between people. The unifying power and health benefits of sport among people around the world are indisputable. However, it is important to provide the right sports education from an early age in order to use and manage sports properly and to prevent negative consequences. For this reason, this study aims to reveal the fair play perception of Kazakh and Turkish athlete students who grew up in different cultures and prefer sports sciences in their university education. A total of 56 student-athletes studying sports sciences participated in the study. Case study design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The data of the study were obtained by applying a personal information form to the athletes and asking them to complete the sentence "Fair play is like .../similar; because...". The data collection tool was applied by the researchers. The metaphors produced by the athletes were categorized as friendship, justice, respect for Kazakh students and honesty, respect, faith, and character for Turkish students. It is thought that the values, norms and expectations in which athletes from different countries are raised shape the perception of fair play.
A Statistical Analysis of the GDP and PCI of Bangladesh for the Coming Years
Authors: Arman Md
Published: July 2023

The objective of this paper is to anticipate Bangladesh's economic future and predict sustainability by looking at the GDP and per capita income (PCI) figures. Since the nation's independence, statistics spanning 51 years have been taken into account to track its development, and data spanning the last 11 years have been used to anticipate the years to come. In this study, annual statistics from 1971 to 2022 were studied to forecast the upcoming years. The result manifests a slow but sustainable development in the country's growth with some fluctuations. Analyzing the GDP and PCI insights into the continuous growth and development of Bangladesh. Sustainable development is not only economic development but also balancing the economic, social, and environmental factors to ensure that the development will sustain in the long run and benefits everyone. The results illustrate a surprising picture of the future. The information comes from the World Bank, OCED, and Asian Development Bank's National Account Data. The Least Square Method and the Trend Projection Method, a variant of the linear regression technique, are used in the current study to evaluate data and predict future trends. According to the IMF, the globe will experience a severe recession-like situation in 2023. In order to anticipate Bangladesh's economic status, the current study uses GDP and PCI. GDP has expanded since 1971 on average at a rate of 4.4%, whereas PCI has grown on average at a 1.8%.
EVIDENCE OF AN EPHEMERAL EPIPALAEOLITHIC SITE IN THE CRIMEAN FOOTHILLS: FROM THE HISTORY OF FIELD RESEARCH IN CRIMEA IN 1990
Authors:   Інститут археології Національної академії наук України, Степанчук Вадим
Published: July 2023

This paper presents materials from one of the Palaeolithic sites discovered by the author in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Crimea. The Hamak-Koba sediment pack was once tested, and some archaeological materials were recovered. These are few but rather informative and have been published for the first time now. Judging by the available data, Hamak-Koba is a short-term site of a mobile group of hunters. The remains of shells of the land snail Helix vulgaris, which were probably consumed as food, may indicate the Epipalaeolithic or Mesolithic age of the site and probably exclude the winter season of its visitation. The technical and typological features of the stone artefacts found, including blades with indications of intensive use and burnt endscrapers, are consistent with the assumption of the site's age therefore positioned somewhere between the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. An undisturbed horizon with artefacts and hearth remains was discovered during the test pitting. It also turned out that a significant part of the shelter is practically devoid of culture-bearing deposits. The locality suggests one of the points visited by early hunters while travelling through the exploited territory in search of resources. This version is supported by the features of the stone artefacts, which show signs of special selection and therefore belong to a part of a mobile toolkit, traces of intensive wear on them, and the location of the site in a rock shelter near convenient access to a plateau providing dominating heights and good observation points, although far from water sources.
APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF MILITARY CONFLICTS DURING THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE OF THE DNIPRO-DON MEASURE
Authors:   Донецький обласний інститут післядипломної педагогічної освіти, Дубяга Андрій
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the article is to conduct an analysis of the possible causes of the military conflicts through the prism of the proposed approaches of V. Shnirelman. Research methodology. The research is based on the methodological principle of determinism, which assumes the existence of cause-and-effect relationships between phenomena, and universalism, which is conditioned by the consideration of human reactions in ancient times based on the behavior and reactions of modern humans. The research is based on the historical-comparative and historical-systemic method, which allow to fully realize the set goal. Scientific novelty. In the article, the question of considering the causes of military conflicts between pastoralists of the Middle Bronze Age between the Dnieper and Don rivers is updated. Solving the problems of the causes of military conflicts lies at the basis of the study of not only the military affairs of the Donetsk-Don catacomb culture, but also such issues as the technical level of the development of crafts, social stratification and economic formation. The main achievements of scientists regarding the development of the issues of the military affairs of the catacomb cultural circle are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the main achievements of the leading researchers of the issue. An analysis of the causes of military conflicts was carried out through the approaches accumulated by V. Shnirelman. Conclusions. Analysis of the causes of the war, based on the approaches proposed by V.O. Shnirelman, testifies to the complexity of the problem. None of the proposed approaches fully reveals the causes of military conflicts. The most consistent and thorough is the neo-evolutionist approach, which proposes to consider the causes of military conflicts from the point of view of three components: organizational-structural, causal-purpose, military-technical. Taking these components into account, we can conclude that the leading cause of military conflicts is the form of economic activity, namely nomadic herding, which requires the protection or capture of new lands for livestock.
SETTLEMENT OF THE GOLDEN HORDE PERIOD IN THE MIDDLE PSEL
Authors:   Інститут прикладної фізики НАН України, Осадчий Євген
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the results of archaeological investigations in the territory of the middle course of the Psla in the area of the city of Sumy. As a result of the surveys, a number of settlements with materials from the Golden Horde period of the second half of the 13th - 14th centuries were discovered. They were located around a large lake, which in ancient times was part of the old river Psla and was connected to it by numerous channels. This area was rich in resources - the lake was a convenient place for farming, fishing, hunting and grazing. The ceramic material discovered in the settlements is typical for the second half of the 13th - 14th centuries and has wide analogies among the antiquities of the Dnieper Left Bank. At the same time, there is a small but distinct group of corollas with an arrow-shaped edge, which is not typical for this region. The unusual location of the settlement at a considerable distance from significant settlements was due to the changes that took place in ancient Russian society after 1239/1240. At this time, there was a gradual outflow of the population from the territory of the middle streams of the Psla and Vorskla to the Poseimya, but these territories remained important for farming in the next few centuries.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON THE TERRITORY OF THE BILSK MICROREGION DURING THE PERIOD OF MARTIAL LOW
Authors:   Сумський державний педагогічний університет імені А. С. Макаренка, Корост Ігор ,   Комунальна установа «Історико-культурний заповідник «Більськ» Полтавської обласної ради
Published: July 2023

The article presents brief summaries of protective and rescue archaeological research conducted on cultural heritage sites in 2022 by specialists of the Communal Institution «Historical and Cultural Reserve «Bilsk» of the Poltava Regional Council. The works were carried out on the territory of the modern left bank of the Vorskla River (Kotelva territorial community, Poltava district, Poltava region). The materials highlight the results of archaeological studies of 2 multi-layered settlements – Kotelva II and Staryi Karier. The article presents information about the research history of the sites selected for study in 2022. The reasons that prompted large-scale archaeological research of cultural heritage sites during the Russian-Ukrainian war era are outlined. According to the results of the field work, a preliminary description of the discovered objects and antiquities is given. On the settlement Kotelva II, during the activities of the expedition of the «Bilsk» reserve in 2022, 350 m2 were discovered. 39 objects of the Scythian period were found. The vast majority of them are household pits. In 2022 2 excavations with a total area of 295 m2 were laid at the settlement Staryi Karier. In the first excavation, 16 household objects, a cellar of the Scythian time, were founded and investigated. A Bronze Age dwelling was also discovered. In the second excavation, 12 objects were founded. Among them are 2 dwelling and a household pits of the Final Bronze Age and Scythian time. Important attention is paid to clarifying (determining) the cultural and chronological positions of the studied settlement monuments. It has been established that the Bronze Age layering from the Kotelva II settlement can be attributed to the XIII–XII centuries B.C. During the Scythian era, the village functioned in the 6th – at the beginning of the 5th centuries B.C. Large-scale excavations made it possible to find out that the antiquities of the Scythian period from the territory of the Staryi Karier settlement can be dated to the end of the 6th – the first half of the 5th centuries B.C. Materials of the Bronze Age belong to the bearers of the Bondarikha, Ivanivka and Lebedivka cultures.
Clinicoradiological Risk Factors Associated with Inability to Achieve Minimum Clinically Important Difference in Operated Cases of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: Acharya Shankar , Khanna Varun , Chahal Rupinder Singh , Kalra Kashmiri Lal , Vishwakarma Gayatri
Published: July 2023

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the clinicoradiological risk factors associated with the inability to achieve minimum clinically important difference (MCID) on the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) Scale in operated cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).Overview of Literature: Only a few studies have evaluated the outcomes of surgery performed for CSM using MCID on the mJOA scale.Methods: We analyzed 124 operated CSM cases from March 2019 to April 2021 for preoperative clinical features, cervical sagittal radiographic parameters, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensities (SI). The risk factors associated with missing the MCID (poor outcome) on mJOA at the final follow-up were identified using binary logistic regression. Multivariate analysis was used to find significant risk factors, and odds ratios (OR) were computed.Results: A total of 110 men (89.2%) and 14 women (10.8%) with an average age of 53.5±13.2 years were included in the analysis. During the last follow-up, 89 cases (72.1%) achieved MCID (meaningful gains following surgery) while 35 (27.9%) could not. The final model identified the following parameters as significant risk factors for poor outcome: increased duration of symptoms (OR, 6.77; p=0.001), lower preoperative mJOA scale (OR, 0.75; p=0.029), the presence of multilevel T2-weighted (T2W) MRI SI (OR, 4.79; p=0.004), and larger change in cervical sagittal vertical axis (ΔcSVA) (OR, 1.06; p=0.013). Also, an increase in cSVA postoperatively correlated with a reduced functional recovery rate (r=−0.4, p<0.001).Conclusions: Surgery for CSM leads to significant functional benefits. However, poorer outcomes are observed in cases of greater duration of symptoms, higher preoperative severity with multilevel T2W MRI SI, and a larger increase in the postoperative cSVA (sagittal imbalance).
Exploring Digital Marketing for Brands in the Internet Era
Authors: Hu Rong
Published: July 2023

With the rapid development of the Internet, "digital" has fully penetrated into daily life and business operations. And with the development of new technologies, brand marketing has also continued to change its approach. With new marketing methods such as "live commerce", "KOL" and "community marketing" appearing one after another, digital marketing has become an important engine of growth for enterprises. This article summarizes the underlying logic and methodology by combing through the history of digital marketing development to provide a reference for brands to better cope with future adjustments.
DAMPAK PERILAKU BIAS TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI
Authors: Sari Nurshadrina Kartika , Mufidah Ana , Awaliyah Intan Nurul , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: July 2023

Pengambilan keputusan dalam berinvestasi adalah hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan, karena jika investor salah dalam mengambil keputusan maka manfaat yang diharapkan tidak dapat diperoleh. Investor diasumsikan bersikap rasional dalam mengambil keputusan investasinya, namun faktanya seringkali dalam mengambil keputusan tersebut dipengaruhi perilaku bias yang disebabkan oleh faktor psikologis dan faktor keterbatasan individu. Investor seringkali memiliki perilaku yang menyimpang dari logika dan akal sehat, selain itu investor menampilkan banyak perilaku bias yang mempengaruhi proses pengambilan keputusan investasi. Proses emosional, kesalahan mental, dan ciri kepribadian individu memperumit investor dalam pengambilan keputusan investasi. Berinvestasi tidak sekedar menganalisis angka dan mengambil keputusan untuk membeli dan menjual berbagai aset dan surat berharga. Artikel ini adalah studi litaratur yang bertujuan untuk menyajikan perilaku bias yang mempengaruhi investor dalam mengambil keputusan dan kemudian diperoleh kerangka konsep terkait faktor psikologi, keterbatasan individu serta perilaku bias pada keputusan investasi oleh investor.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DOLLARIZATION OF ECONOMY IN POLAND AND UKRAINE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lapchuk Bohdan
Published: July 2023

The problem of dollarization of the economy is one of the main features of the Ukrainian economy for a long time. It is necessary to find effective ways to decrease it, so the positive experience of other countries, in particular, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe can be very useful. It is obvious that dollarization in Ukraine after the start of a Russian aggressive war will increase significantly and will have an impact on the functioning of the economy. The purpose of the article is to analyze the dynamics of unofficial dollarization in Poland and Ukraine, which will make it possible to compare the trajectory and causes of this phenomenon in the two countries with similar initial conditions. The article provides estimations and a comparative analysis of indicators of unofficial dollarization in Poland and Ukraine. The main indicators of dollarization were calculated – deposit dollarization (ratio of deposits in foreign currencies to all deposits), credit dollarization (ratio of loans in foreign currencies to all loans) and dollarization by monetary aggregate M3 (ratio of deposits in foreign currencies to «broad money»), using official statistical data of the central banks of both countries. The results showed that Poland and Ukraine had a similar situation in the early 1990s, but later dollarization trends began to diverge. The Ukrainian economy can be classified as a highly dollarized, with a traditionally high level of dollarization and a large-scale volatility of its indicators. The dollarization of the Ukrainian economy significantly increased due to frequent currency and financial crises, mistrust of the national currency, lack of reforms and often political crises. The Polish economy shows a positive trend in the long term and does not belong to dollarized countries. In Poland dollarization gradually decreased and now does not threaten the monetary policy of the National Bank of Poland. However, after the beginning of the Russian aggression, the growth of the indicators of dollarization can be clearly seen in both countries, but dollarization is growing much faster in Ukraine. It is quite obvious that the consequences of the war will be long-term.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Sumy National Agrarian University, Mohylna Liudmyla , Makarova Viktoriia ,   Sumy National Agrarian University
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes modern interpretations of scientists regarding the essence of «information technologies»; the author’s definition of this definition is given. Positive and restraining points regarding the use of information technologies by modern enterprises highlighted, because information and communication technologies have become an integral part of both the modern world and the priority direction of our state. It noted that informatization is a process that has entered all spheres of human activity for the drastic improvement of working conditions and the quality of life of the population, significantly increasing the efficiency of all types of production. It emphasized that the use of information technology tools determined by the need for prompt management decision-making in the conditions of a permanent increase in the flow of information and a competitive environment. It is important that the task of information technology is not only to automate repetitive data processing operations, but also to generate new information for management decisions. It is safe to say that precisely with the advent of information technology, work at enterprises not only became easier, but also accelerated. It emphasized that technologies make it possible to simplify the solution of such basic tasks as management, activity planning, marketing, quality of products (goods and services), accounting, management of costs, finances, personnel, projects. In enterprise management systems, process procedures closely related to management functions. It noted that information technologies are universal and have an important feature – the one-time cost of their implementation at the enterprise, while current costs determined only by the wages of specialists who use these software products and the cost of program updates. It emphasized that the given list of programs used at the enterprise is not only not exhaustive, but has a constant tendency to expand. Increasing the number of offers and expanding the capabilities of the offered software products, simplifying their adaptation to the specific features and requirements of the enterprise will also be an important factor in expanding the range of enterprises that implement new information technologies. It emphasized that various programs provide an additional opportunity to measure or forecast the economic result in order to make one or another balanced and appropriate management decision based on them.
Measuring the Bonding Ability Distribution of Fibers in Mechanical Pulps
Authors: REYIER SOFIA , FERRITSIUS OLOF , SHAGAEV OLEG
Published: July 2023

Currently, the pulp and paper industry mainly uses average values of mechanical pulp properties to characterize fibers, while printing paper grammages keep decreasing, making every fiber more important for strength, surface, and structure properties. Because fibers are inhomogeneous, average values of the whole pulp may not be enough for proper fiber characterization. This paper reports results from the development of a method to measure the distribution of fiber bonding ability in mechanical pulps.
Fibers from two commercial TMPs were fractionated into five hydrocyclone streams, using a four-stage hydrocy-clone system. The fiber bonding ability of Bauer McNett fractions R16, P16/R30 and P30/R50 collected from each stream was analyzed. Five different methods of evaluating fiber bonding ability all showed that fibers were separat-ed in the hydrocyclones according to their bonding ability.
Long fiber handsheets of the highest bonding fibers had up to 2.5 times higher tensile strength for the P16/R30 fraction than handsheets from the lowest bonding fibers. We also found that both the degree of fibrillation and col-lapse resistance index (CRI) of the fibers obtained from optical measurements are sufficient to predict quite accu-rately the tensile strength of handsheets made from fiber fractions. Further, we propose how to describe the distri-bution in fiber bonding ability for mechanical pulps, by combining some of these five different methods. A method to calculate fracture toughness of long fiber handsheets based on acoustic emission is also illustrated.
A more rapid way to characterize fibers in mechanical pulps with respect to their bonding ability distribution needs to be developed in the future. It appears that it is time to move on from characterizing pulp suspensions and handsheet properties using conventional approaches based on average values.
Refiner bleaching with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) and hydrogen peroxide
Authors: HARBISON RAY , PARRISH TONY , GIBSON AILEEN , KNAPP CHRIS , WAJER MARK , JOHNSON DONNA
Published: July 2023

Conventional bleaching of mechanical pulp with magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide shows significant economic benefits over bleaching with caustic soda and sodium silicate. Magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] bleaching generates lower effluent BOD/COD, higher pulp yield, lower anionic trash in the paper machines, reduced oxalate scaling and, in some cases, higher bulk. NORPAC has developed this bleaching process into a commercial, patented refiner bleaching technology. The excellent mixing, high temperature, and high consistency of the refining environment solubilize the magnesium hydroxide and provide an excellent bleach reactor with the addition of hydrogen peroxide. We have shown that by adding magnesium hydroxide into the refining system, refiner energy demand is reduced by 100-200 KW-hr/odmt and pulp strength is improved by 5-10%. In this paper, we describe NORPAC’s development of refiner bleaching, University of Maine lab refiner studies that support NORPAC’s work, and the additional benefits this technology provides to the mill.
A gravity model analysis of China's pulp and paper products trade
Authors: LI YANSHU , ZHANG DAOWEI
Published: July 2023

We used a gravity model to investigate determinants of China’s pulp and paper products trade from 1995 to 2005. The results show that an importing country’s economy size, forest endowment, distance to China, exchange rate, and membership in Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), plus China’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its forest products policy change implemented in 1998, all significantly affect China’s pulp and paper products exports. On the other hand, China’s pulp and paper products imports are affected by exporting countries’ economic size, forest and capital endowment, APEC membership, China’s accession to the WTO, and tariff reductions on forest products.
Identifying Drought Tolerant Finger Millet Landraces for the Hills of Nepal
Authors:   National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, & Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Email: ghimirekh@gmail.com, Ghimire Krishna Hari , Pandey Madhav Prasad ,   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal.  Email: mppandey.pb@gmail.com, Ghimire Surya Kanta ,   Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal.  Email: suryaghimire2003@yahoo.com, Manandhar Hira Kaji ,   Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture and Forestry University, Nepal.  Email: hirakaji@gmail.com, Joshi Bal Krishna ,   National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Nepal.  Email: joshibalak@yahoo.com
Published: July 2023

Finger millet is in the fourth rank among the major cereals in Nepal after rice, maize and wheat. Since it is cultivated in rainfed conditions, drought is one of the vital production constraints for this crop. With the objective of enhancing the utilization of native landraces conserved ex situ in genebank, 300 finger millet accessions were evaluated under drought stress and normal conditions at Khumaltar (1,360 masl), Lalitpur, Nepal during 2017 and 2018. In both the years, genotypes were significantly different for the yield and other agronomic characters. Eight different drought tolerant indices namely drought resistance index, geometric mean productivity, harmonic mean, mean productivity, stress susceptibility index, tolerance, yield index and yield stability index for each genotype were calculated using grain yield data recorded from the stress (Yds) and non-stress (Yns) experiment. Majority of the landraces were grouped under moderately susceptible group in both the years followed by moderately tolerant and susceptible group based on all the drought tolerant indices (DTIs). Five landraces, namely NGRC4849, NGRC6487, NGRC04852, NGRC03491 and NGRC6490 with average grain yield of 4670, 3624, 3426, 3191 and 3132 kg/ha, respectively, were identified as stable drought tolerant landraces compared to the released varieties. These landraces could be the potential sources of drought tolerance for finger millet improvement program for the mid-hills of Nepal.
Challenges and Difficulties of Spinal Anesthesia in a Patient with Traumatic Thoracolumber Scoliosis
Authors: Tanzil Tasnuva , Khatoon Syeda Nafisa , Dhar Satyajit , Alam AKM Samsul
Published: July 2023

We report an interesting and challenging case of traumatic thoracolumber scoliosis presenting with closefracture of right patella planned for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) under regional anesthesia.However, spinal anesthesia was not successful even with the use of intra operative fluoroscopy or ultrasoundguidance. We have in view to show the importance of proper review of preoperative x-ray of dorsolumberspine scoliosis and careful physical examination of back of the patients by the anesthesiologist to administeran effective and safe spinal anesthesia in such patients in low resource setting for successful & safe spinalanesthesia.
JBSA 2021; 34(1): 54-56
Risk Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals Contamination In Rice Grains in the Rajshahi City of Bangladesh
Authors: Shahriar S M S , Munshi M , Hossain M S , Zakir H M , Salam S M A
Published: July 2023

The concentrations of four heavy metals in rice grains and the health risk assessments of the metals were studied. Sixteen rice samples were gathered from Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Average lead, chromium, manganese, and cadmium concentrations measured in rice samples were 6.87, 0.43, 44.58, and 1.13 mg/kg, respectively. The concentration level found in most rice samples is greater than the acceptable limit as set by WHO. The risk assessment was done by using the intended hazard ratio and target carcinogenic risk where the values for the lead, manganese, and cadmium quotient were greater than 1. The target cancer-causing risk values for a maximum number of samples are lower than 10-4, which is considered safe. However, target carcinogenic risk values for cadmium are higher than 10-4, which is considered a carcinogenic risk. The results of the current investigations suggest that appropriate measures should be taken to determine the cause and origin of this heavy metal contamination.
Journal of Engineering Science 14(1), 2023, 29-41
Accidents in Chemical & Process Industries of Bangladesh: Awareness Among People Working in Chemical & Process Plants
Authors: Ahmed M G T , Haque M T
Published: July 2023

Chemical usage has steadily expanded in tandem with economic expansion, resulting in an increase in chemical accidents. Chemical incidents endanger lives and can cause a slew of health issues for those who live near chemical factories. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of chemical accidents in chemical sector and awareness about the risk they pose among those working in chemical facilities and process plants. The research was conducted through survey which was composed of questionnaire regarding chemical safety and chemical accident in different chemical sectors participated by 120 people working in different chemical plants. Although the process safety has not mentioned in any kind of safety rules and regulations or acts the employee should have received the safety training to mitigate hazardous situation. The study shows that there was a lack of awareness and negligence of using PPE in most of the employees. A large number of respondents were doubtful of their plants following safety rules and regulations and also there was a negligence of following rules and regulations among the employees. Though there is eagerness to take safety training but most of the plants didn’t provide proper training to their employees.
Journal of Engineering Science 14(1), 2023, 53-63
Brand Personality Dimension for Islamic Educational Institution
Authors: Muttaqin Imron
Published: July 2023

This study explored the factors influencing brand personality that can be used in Islamic education institutions. The general dimension of brand personality is first dialogued with Islamic teachings. The research used a qualitative method with a literature approach and qualitative content analysis. The primary data were journal articles from reputable publishers and libraries online; Elsevier, Springer, Emerald, SciELO, Scientific Journal Publishers Limited, and accredited national journal with second rank selected by two considerations; citations and their relevance with the study's purpose. This study revealed that Islamic education institutions could use brand personality dimensions; sincerity, responsibility, openness, competence, lively, ruggedness, and emotion. Further researchers are expected to explore brand dimensions and create indicators based on Islamic teachings.
A Case of External Auditory Canal Inflammatory Polyp Induced by a Hearing Aid Mold Impression Foreign Body
Authors: Yeom Sujung , Lim Hyerin , Cho Hyong-Ho
Published: July 2023

Hearing aids are becoming more popular as the elderly population grows, but complications related to their use are also increasing. We present a rare case where an ear mold impression entered the mastoid cavity during fitting, causing delayed inflammation about 10 years later. Unlike most reported cases, this patient did not experience immediate symptoms during the impression-making process. Our case highlights the importance of thorough physical examination by an otolaryngologist, including assessment of the tympanic membrane and external auditory canal, when fitting hearing aids to prevent similar complications.
A Study of Skull Base According to Gera Classification in a Korean Population
Authors: Son Sang-Jun , Koo Hyung-Bon , Lee Jae-Hoon
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives The leakage of cerebrospinal fluid due to damage to the ethmoid roof and cribriform plate (CP) is one of the most serious complications of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). For the risk of skull base injury during ESS, the Keros classification has been widely used, but recently the Gera classification has been introduced as a tool for risk assessment. This study evaluated the risk of skull base damage using the Gera classification in Koreans.Subjects and Method We analyzed 592 left and right sides of 296 paranasal sinus CTs, and measure the angle between the lateral lamella of CP and the lateral extension of the horizontal plane passing through CP, namely the Gera angle. The angles were classified into three categories: the type I (>80°, low risk), type II (45° to 80°, medium risk), and type III (<45°, high risk).Results The type III, which is vulnerable to skull base damage, accounted for 11.7% of the study subjects. The Gera angle in females (64.0°±12.3°) was greater than that in males (61.3°± 14.0°), showing a significant gender difference (p=0.015). Although there was no difference between the left and the right side of the Gera angle (p=0.155), there was a significant difference between the left and the right side in the Gera classification (p<0.001). Age and the Gera angle showed a negative correlation (r=-0.116, p=0.005).Conclusion The type III of the Gera classification was observed in 11.7% of the total study group. For the type III, extra care is required during ESS.
The epidemiology of Hepatitis A in Portugal and in the World A comparative study
Authors:   Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Castelo, Branco, Portugal, Rodrigues Francisco José Barbas , dos Santos Carvalheiro Coelho Patrícia Margarida ,   Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Castelo, Branco, Portugal, Algarvio João Ricardo Simão ,   Escola Superior de Saúde Dr. Lopes Dias do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Castelo, Branco, Portugal
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Hepatitis A is caused by a virus of the family Picornaviridae, of the genus Hepatovirus. It is a fecal-oral disease that can cause jaundice, nausea, abdominal pain, fever, dark urine, among other symptoms. In Portugal the vaccine is not part of the National Vaccination System, however it is advised to all individuals who travel to endemic areas. Currently the endemicity of a region is classified when 50% of a population, of a specific age group, has immunity against HAV. Objectives: To understand the epidemiological situation of Hepatitis A in Portugal and to compare it with the rest of the world. Methods: Two selection moments were created with the aid of four inclusion criteria. A total of 16 studies were selected for this systematic review. Discussion/Conclusion: Africa and Latin America present intermediate to very high endemicities, North America low endemicity, Asia low to very high endemicities, Australia low to high endemicities, Europe low to intermediate endemicities and Portugal low endemicity. As expected, richer regions have lower endemicities. There is an improvement in the living conditions of the general population, leading to the poorer regions presenting some countries with intermediate endemicities, thus pointing to a positive evolution against the Hepatitis A virus. The best strategy to improve this evolution is through vaccination.
Are wars inevitable?
Authors:   Engineer, Independent Innovative Ideas Researcher, Smolyan 4700, Bulgaria, Lyubomir Berov G.
Published: July 2023

Other psychologists, for example E. Durbin and John Bowlby, believe that aggression is characteristic of man by nature. It gives rise to sublimation and projection when a person turns their dissatisfaction into prejudice and hatred of other races, religions, nations or ideologies
Research on Recent Progress in the Treatment of Thin Endometrium
Authors:   Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, Yang Sixuan , Xu Tao ,   Xi'an Jiaotong University Global Health Institute, Xi’an 710049, China, He Guoying ,   Xi'an Jiaotong University Global Health Institute, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: July 2023

The endometrium is an important part of the uterus. The human endometrium is a complex and dynamic tissue that goes through phases of growth and regression during any menstrual cycle. A thin endometrium might be relevant to a lower rate of implantation as well as a higher rate of miscarriage. Several treatments have been developed for thin endometrium, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, stem cell therapy, acupuncture and physical therapy, among others. These approaches have been shown to have effects on the endometrium related to reducing the area of fibrosis, increasing the number of glands, promoting angiogenesis, increasing endometrial thickness, improving tissue structure, and increasing pregnancy rates. This review summarizes the key role of these treatments in repairing thin endometrium and improving clinical pregnancy rates.
Volatile Rationality of Industrial Organizations
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe shosse, 31, Moscow, Russian Federation, Genov Nikolai
Published: July 2023

The first step in the analysis and argumentation is the building of an analytical concept of rationality to be applied in the case study. The analytical work follows the distinction of actors, relations and processes as constructive axes of the paradigm of social interaction. The second step is the selection of the highly intriguing case of the volatile organizational rationality of the Nokia Corporation for subject matter of the analysis. Third, the research questions for guiding the efforts for precise descriptions, explanations and forecasting have been formulated. Fourth, the specifics of the actors influencing changes of Nokia’s organizational rationality have been described and explained. Fifth, the relevance of the relational networks has been analysed as factor for organizational volatility of Nokia. Sixth, the numerous smalland medium range processes are presented as a major factor influencing the organizational rationality of the Corporation. Seventh, the fusion of the information about actors, relations and processes as factors of the volatility of Nokia’s organizational rationality and interpretation of the changes of Nokia’s rationality as part and parcel of the global trend of upgrading and degrading of the rationality of industrial organizations. .