bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effective Encryption-Based Autonomous Routing Protocol for Efficient and Secure Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Saleem Kashif , Derhab Abdelouahid , Orgun Mehmet , Al-Muhtadi Jalal , Rodrigues Joel , Khalil Mohammed , Ali Ahmed Adel
Published: March 2016

The deployment of intelligent remote surveillance systems depends on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) composed of various miniature resource-constrained wireless sensor nodes. The development of routing protocols for WSNs is a major challenge because of their severe resource constraints, ad hoc topology and dynamic nature. Among those proposed routing protocols, the biology-inspired self-organized secure autonomous routing protocol (BIOSARP) involves an artificial immune system (AIS) that requires a certain amount of time to build up knowledge of neighboring nodes. The AIS algorithm uses this knowledge to distinguish between self and non-self neighboring nodes. The knowledge-building phase is a critical period in the WSN lifespan and requires active security measures. This paper proposes an enhanced BIOSARP (E-BIOSARP) that incorporates a random key encryption mechanism in a cost-effective manner to provide active security measures in WSNs. A detailed description of E-BIOSARP is presented, followed by an extensive security and performance analysis to demonstrate its efficiency. A scenario with E-BIOSARP is implemented in network simulator 2 (ns-2) and is populated with malicious nodes for analysis. Furthermore, E-BIOSARP is compared with state-of-the-art secure routing protocols in terms of processing time, delivery ratio, energy consumption, and packet overhead. The findings show that the proposed mechanism can efficiently protect WSNs from selective forwarding, brute-force or exhaustive key search, spoofing, eavesdropping, replaying or altering of routing information, cloning, acknowledgment spoofing, HELLO flood attacks, and Sybil attacks.
Multichannel-Sensing Scheduling and Transmission-Energy Optimizing in Cognitive Radio Networks with Energy Harvesting
Authors: Hoan Tran-Nhut-Khai , Hiep Vu-Van , Koo In-Soo
Published: March 2016

This paper considers cognitive radio networks (CRNs) utilizing multiple time-slotted primary channels in which cognitive users (CUs) are powered by energy harvesters. The CUs are under the consideration that hardware constraints on radio devices only allow them to sense and transmit on one channel at a time. For a scenario where the arrival of harvested energy packets and the battery capacity are finite, we propose a scheme to optimize (i) the channel-sensing schedule (consisting of finding the optimal action (silent or active) and sensing order of channels) and (ii) the optimal transmission energy set corresponding to the channels in the sensing order for the operation of the CU in order to maximize the expected throughput of the CRN over multiple time slots. Frequency-switching delay, energy-switching cost, correlation in spectrum occupancy across time and frequency and errors in spectrum sensing are also considered in this work. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated via simulation. The simulation results show that the throughput of the proposed scheme is greatly improved, in comparison to related schemes in the literature. The collision ratio on the primary channels is also investigated.
Generation X School Leaders as Agents of Care: Leader and Teacher Perspectives from Toronto, New York City and London
Authors: Edge Karen , Descours Katherine , Frayman Keren
Published: March 2016

This paper draws on evidence from our three-year Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)-funded research study of the lives, careers, experiences and aspirations of Generation X (under 40 years of age) principals and vice-principals in London, New York City, and Toronto. More specifically, the paper examines interview evidence from nine school-based studies in which nine leaders and 54 teachers discuss their perspectives on leaders’ care of their staff members. The evidence demonstrates that leaders and teachers both place a high level of importance on leaders’ ability and willingness to be supportive, understanding, and approachable. Teachers also expect leaders to serve as advocates for and role models of good work/life balance. While the school-level studies take place in radically different city-based contexts, the expectation of leaders’ care for teachers transcends different accountability and policy structures. Both groups focus their discussion on work/life balance and, more specifically, the need for leaders to understand that teachers are people with lives beyond school. The paper highlights implications for policy, practice, and future research.
Risk Factors of Building Apartments for University Talent through the Agent Construction Mode in China: Interrelationship and Prioritization
Authors: Liu Zhengrong , Jiang Wendan , Wu Yuzhe , Peng Yi
Published: March 2016

Apartments for university talent (AUT), are apartments provided to staff at non-market price, in order to attract outstanding scholars from around the world to work in universities and improve educational quality. This has been a critical issue in achieving social sustainability in China during rapid urbanization and industrialization. The agent construction mode has been adopted to build AUT because universities usually lack relevant management experience. The agent construction mode is a type of turnkey engineer construction based on the principal-agent model, project bidding mode, engineering contracting projects, and project supervision system. Risk factors are important considerations for both universities and agent construction companies. Although some studies have investigated the risk factors, only a few studies have identified the hierarchical structure of relevant risk factors. Therefore, the interrelationship and prioritization of the risk factors remain unknown, and this situation presents a barrier to better risk management. This paper investigates the interrelationship of risk factors with interpretative structural modeling (ISM). In addition, fuzzy MICMAC (matric d’impacts croises-multiplication appliqué a un classemen) analysis was conducted to prioritize the risk factors. The findings provide useful references for better risk management of building AUT through the agent construction mode. Although this study focuses on China, the analytical process can also be generalized to other research topics and other countries.
A retrospective study of risk factors for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae acquisition among ICU patients
Authors: Hu Yangmin , Ping Yanting , Li Leiqing , Xu Huimin , Yan Xiaofeng , Dai Haibin
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is rapidly emerging as a life-threatening nosocomial infection. In this study, we aim to identify risk factors, especially antibiotic use, for CRKP infection among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methodology: This was a matched case-control study of a 67-bed ICU in a tertiary care teaching hospital from 1 January 2011 through 30 June 2013. The control cases were selected among the patients with carbapenem-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (CSKP) and were matched with CRKP cases for year of ICU admission and site of infection. The clinical outcomes and antibiotic treatments were analyzed. Results: One hundred and thirty patients were included in the study (65 cases and 65 controls). Bivariable analysis showed that age of patients (p = 0.044), number of antibiotic groups (p = 0.001), and exposure to carbapenems (p < 0.001) were associated with CRKP infection. Using multivariate analysis adjusted for age, prior hospitalization, number of antibiotic groups, and previous exposure to carbapenems, previous carbapenem exposure (p < 0.001) was identified as an independent risk factor for CRKP infection. Conclusions: These data suggest that exposure to carbapenems is an independent risk factor for CRKP infection. Patients with this clinical factor should be targeted for interventions to reduce the subsequent risk of infection.
Respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in severe lower respiratory tract infections in children under two
Authors: Othman Heba Taher , Elhamed Walaa Al Sharany Abu , Hassan Dina Mohammed , Soliman May Sherif , Abdel Baset Radwa Wagih
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Viruses are the most important causative agents of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs), ranked as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of hospitalization in children. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are among the commonest viral causes of severe ALRTI. In this study, we aimed to study the burden of both RSV and hMPV in causing severe ALRTI in children younger than two years of age admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methodology: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children admitted to the PICU with a diagnosis of community-acquired ALRTI who were two years of age or younger. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to test for RSV and hMPV. Results: A total of 127 swabs were screened for RSV and hMPV, of which 49.6% were negative for RSV and hMPV, 46.4% were positive for RSV, and 3.9% were positive for hMPV. With respect to RSV, the mean age of cases (4.01 ± 5.05) and the monthly distribution (mainly January) were the most important risk factors. There were no statistically significant differences between the RSV group and control group regarding duration of hospital stay, mechanical ventilation need or duration, and underlying chronic conditions. Conclusions: RSV is important viral cause of severe ALRTIs in children younger than two years of age during this study period; hMPV played a minor role.
Zika virus: a new pandemic threat
Authors: Al-Qahtani Ahmed Ali , Nazir Nyla , Al-Anazi Mashael R. , Rubino Salvatore , Al-Ahdal Mohammed N.
Published: March 2016

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family and is related to dengue, Chikungunya, West Nile, yellow fever, and Japanese encephalitis viruses. ZIKV was first discovered in Uganda in 1947. Different species of mosquito from the Aedes genus, mainly A. aegypti and A. albopictus are the vectors responsible for ZIKV infection in humans. It is also reported that ZIKV is transmitted congenitally, sexually, and through blood donation. Until recently, ZIKV outbreaks were sporadic and self-limiting. The first large epidemic was reported from Yap Island in 2007 followed by an outbreak of Zika fever in French Polynesia in 2013. Brazil is the epicenter of the current ZIKV epidemic which is rapidly spreading across the Americas. ZIKV infection remained relatively less studied in view of its low case numbers, and low clinical impact relative to other arboviruses. However, all this is set to change with its rapid spread in the Western hemisphere and suspected complications particularly microcephaly in newborn babies with ZIKV infected mothers. ZIKV is expected to substantially add to both short-term and long-term economic burden of the effected countries. Due to the large number of people travelling across the borders and some reported cases of transmission of ZIKV via contaminated blood, screening and identification of asymptomatic infected individuals are important.
The Online Course and Hands-On Laboratory for Measurement Methods Study
Authors: Kuchirka Yurii , Petriv Marian , Baran Sergiy , Ursutiu Doru , Samoila Cornel
Published: March 2016

Described the online course and hands-on laboratory for measurement methods study of temperature, pressure, humidity, fluid level and flow, including measured results uncertainty assessment. The lab, based on Cortex-M4 microprocessors, a variety of analog and digital sensors as well as LabVIEW software, is suitable for modern mobile devices. In addition, the hands-on lab involves video broadcast for the lab activity control and does not require additional client software.
A Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks based on Vector Field Theory
Authors: Ming Li , HuanYan Qian
Published: March 2016

To standardize network load and increase throughput, a new scheme is proposed to analyze the routing of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). First, the WSN model was established based on field theory with vectors and operators to analyze the transfer process of message packets given that the source node in such networks is characterized by source points while the sink node can be regarded as a gathering point. Second, a vector routing algorithm was developed for a WSN that was modeled according to field theory. Finally, the WSN routing algorithm was simulated in given two scenarios; simulation results show that throughput can be significantly increased by choosing routes such that traffic is spread as uniformly as possible throughout the network.
A Built-up Virtual Laboratory to Enhance Understanding of Concrete Structure Design Requirement
Authors: Park Sehyuk , Adeba A. D. , Hwang Y. K. , Bolander J. E. , Lim Y. M.
Published: March 2016

In this paper, simulation tools for educational purposes are developed to enhance understanding in undergraduate students taking courses related to concrete structural behavior. As undergraduate students learn about concrete structure, they commonly reach limits regarding their understanding of failure behavior in materials. Design codes should therefore be followed when students learn about reinforced concrete (RC) design. Students are able to follow a step-by-step design procedure for a RC beam using simple calculations. However, they usually then face some requirement, such as a design code, that requires students to make an RC beam with several pieces of rebar instead of one piece, because this provides a more desirable behavior for the RC structure. Understanding why the code is required needs more than just reading. By conducting an experiment, students can easily understand the reason for the code. However, real experiments for concrete structures are time-consuming and costly; therefore, provision of a realistic simulation tool, the ‘Virtual Concrete Structure Laboratory,’ for engineering educational purposes allows students to obtain virtual hands-on experience to learn about concrete structure. The main purpose of this paper is to show the effectiveness of this virtual lab in civil engineering education.
Preferences and Uses of a Remote Lab from the Students’ Viewpoint
Authors: Lerro Federico , Marchisio Susana
Published: March 2016

This paper aims to present new evidence and findings that enhance and enrich the knowledge of the preferences and uses of the remote laboratories from the students´ viewpoint. Specifically, the study aims to recognize the students’ preferences in selecting the remote lab as a learning resource, beyond the uses promoted by the professorship. Likewise, we seek to know the reasons given by students that support those preferences. The research was conducted at Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura (FCEIA), Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Argentina, by using the “FCEIA-UNR Electronics Physics Remote Lab” and involving almost 300 students in the second year of Electronic Engineering. The lab is integrated into the Learning Management System (LMS) e-ducativa, Facebook and Twitter, allowing the students to log in without additional authentication, both from the virtual classroom or from those social networks. We collected empirical evidence from both, users' opinions and productions, and also, from registers of the remote lab itself, involving more than 4000 successful tests completed on the lab´s database. We achieved both qualitative and quantitative data that allow us to get a comprehensive study from the students’ perspective.
Aux origines africaines de l’homme
Authors: Senut Brigitte
Published: March 2016

L’histoire paléontologique de l’homme s’est largement enrichie ces dix dernières années par la découverte de plusieurs ancêtres potentiels de l’homme, de gorilles et de chimpanzés en Afrique permettant de mieux construire notre arbre phylogénétique (même si ces données sont toujours débattues). Leur âge dépasse les estimations couramment admises par la communauté scientifique (divergence homme chimpanzé, 4 à 6 millions d’années ; séparation gorille du groupe chimpanzé/homme à 9 millions d’années). Alors que le berceau de notre lignée semble bien africain, certains auteurs admettent que des hominoïdes sortis d’Afrique au Miocène moyen se seraient développés en Eurasie pour revenir en Afrique au Miocène supérieur et donner naissance à notre lignée. Cette dernière hypothèse ne tient, cependant, pas compte d’un certain nombre de données récentes. L’Afrique a été peuplée d’hominoïdes depuis 25 millions d’années environ et, bien que ceux-ci aient émigré vers l’Eurasie au Miocène moyen en liaison avec les changements climatiques subis par le globe à cette époque, on ne peut pour autant pas affirmer que leurs descendants sont nos ancêtres directs. En effet, l’Afrique et le Sud de l’Eurasie se trouvaient sous un climat tropical au Miocène moyen et supérieur et une connexion existait entre les deux continents. Il semble donc assez probable que les hominoïdes aient pu se déplacer assez fréquemment d’une région à l’autre, mais rien ne plaide aujourd’hui en la faveur d’une origine exclusive eurasiatique.
Les gravures rupestres d’anthropomorphes du Dhar Néma
Authors: Amblard-Pison Sylvie , Vallette Thibault , Jousse Hélène , Albaret Chloé , Person Alain
Published: March 2016

Dans la zone-refuge du Dhar Néma (Mauritanie), les gravures rupestres d’anthropomorphes participent à la compréhension des modes de vie des populations de la seconde moitié de l’Holocène. Ces représentations, dont l’état de conservation souligne l’urgence de leur étude, ont été relevées à Gedida (DN48), Tounfrin (DN60) et au Tarf el Rjeimat (DN71). L’analyse stylistique de ces ensembles, schématiques ou semi-schématiques, a permis de dégager deux styles. Hommes et femmes piquetés sur ces rochers portent parfois des attributs, céphaliques ou autres, ou sont représentés juchés sur des animaux. L’interprétation des scènes de vie, réalisée en tenant compte du contexte rupestre immédiat de chaque gravure, dépeint des populations où l’élevage et la chasse jouent un rôle important. La comparaison avec les ensembles régionaux proches des Dhars Tichitt et Oualata a montré de grandes similitudes dans les techniques de représentations, les styles et les scènes. Ceci a permis d’identifier deux périodes principales qui montrent la persistance de l’occupation humaine dans ces zones-refuges. La plus ancienne, qui regroupe la majorité des gravures, correspond à la période d’occupation néolithique de la région avec des hommes associés à des bœufs, des oryx ou, sur le Dhar Néma, à des girafes. Dans la plus récente, d’âge post-néolithique, figurent chevaux et autruches.
Leveraging Teaching Presence in Online Courses
Authors: Huang Kun , Lee Sang Joon , Dugan Ashley
Published: March 2016

The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has been widely used to guide the research and practice of online courses. In the CoI framework, three essential elements were identified to be critical for a successful online learning experience: social, cognitive, and teaching presences. While the three presences are overlapping and interdependent, teaching presence is known to be key to the creation of a community of inquiry by addressing cognitive and social issues. Starting with an overview of the CoI framework, this chapter mainly focuses on teaching presence and its two dimensions: instructional design and organization and directed facilitation. Specific strategies and examples for each dimension to leveraging teaching presence in a technology-rich online course are presented and described. In addition, a student's learning experience in the course is also shared to provide a student's perspective of the strategies.
Facebook Mediated Learning Environments in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Tazeen
Published: March 2016

This chapter explores teacher immediacy in online learning environments, focusing on the use of social media - Facebook as a teaching tool in Art and Design education institutions in Pakistan. The study is based on existing teaching practice in Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture and Department of Visual Studies, University of Karachi. Following a mixed method approach including observation and interviews with both teachers and students, the chapter identifies the reasons teachers use Facebook in teaching practice and explores the reasons that limit their use of this potentially immediacy inducing environment. It also includes a study of content including video, links to articles and popular culture manifestations like memes and emoticons, which could be used in teaching via social media and the implications for learning and cognition. The concept of immediacy is explored and the chapter proposes that it be approached more broadly in order to realise the full potential of social media and harness it for better learning and outcomes.
The Use of Splenectomy to Manage Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness Due to Anti-Human Leukocyte Antibodies in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Mauro Margherita , Camoglio Francesco , Piccoli Pierluigi , De Bortoli Massimiliano , Balter Rita , Pegoraro Anna , Cesaro Simone
Published: March 2016

In patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), refractoriness to platelet transfusion has been associated with graft failure, delayed engraftment, early mortality and decreased overall survival. Therapeutic strategies include plasma exchange, immunoglobulins, rituximab, and splenectomy. We describe here three patients with refractoriness to platelet transfusion due to anti-human leukocyte antibodies who were splenectomized before HSCT (two cases) and after HSCT (one case) due to the lack of efficacy of other therapies. Splenectomy was uneventful. All three patients achieved a full donor engraftment. We suggest that splenectomy is feasible and effective in HSCT patients to reduce the risk of graft failure or delayed engraftment.
The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Mdlalose Nokukhanya , Parboosing Raveen , Moodley Pravi
Published: March 2016

Background: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst South African infants and children has been reported in the pre-HIV era. Despite the reported high prevalence of HIV in the general population of South Africa, the rate of HIV/HBV co-infection amongst infants and children remains poorly reported.Objectives: We describe the prevalence of HBV infection amongst HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants by molecular methods of diagnosis using dried blood spot samples.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2011 and December 2011 in an academic referral laboratory offering viral diagnostic services to the entire KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. A total of 322 study samples were collected from discarded residual dried blood spot samples following routine infant diagnosis of HIV. Equal proportions of HIV-positive and HIV-negative infant specimens were studied. Statistical differences in the prevalence of HBV between the HIV-positive and HIV-negative samples were calculated using the Pearson chi-square test, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Further testing for HBV DNA using a nested polymerase chain reaction method was performed.Results: The overall prevalence of HBV was 10%. In the HIV-positive group, 21 of 161 infants tested positive for HBV compared with 12 of 161 HIV-negative infants who tested positive for HBV. The proportion of infants infected with HBV was marginally higher amongst HIV positiveinfants (13.0%; 95% CI 6.8–19.9) compared with HIV-negative infants (7.5%; 95% C I2.5–13.7; P = 0.098), though not statistically significant.Conclusion: The finding of a 10% HBV prevalence in this infant cohort is clinically significant. The non-statistically significant difference in HBV prevalence between the HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants suggests that high prevalence of HBV infection in children may be a problem independent of HIV.
The use of fynbos fragments by birds: Stepping-stone habitats and resource refugia
Authors: Sandberg Rory N. , Allsopp Nicky , Esler Karen J.
Published: March 2016

Fynbos habitats are threatened by fragmentation through land use and anthropogenic changes in fire regimes, leading to a loss of suitable habitat for birds. We investigated the response of fynbos-typical avifauna to fragmentation and postfire vegetation age in order to better understand the consequences of these processes for bird communities. Vegetation composition and bird inventory data were collected along wandering transects in three South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos habitat configurations: fragmented patches (associated with anthropogenically driven habitat loss < 150 years ago), naturally isolated fynbos islands (formed through climate-driven forest expansion in the Holocene) and extensive areas of relatively pristine habitat known as ‘mainland’. The latter configurations served as references against which to investigate bird and vegetation responses to more recent habitat fragmentation. Linear regressions were used to compare the relationships of a number of bird and plant species to areas between each habitat configuration. Bird attribute frequency data were compared between habitat configurations using chi-square tests. Birds and plants showed significant species–area relationships in natural island and mainland sites, but no such relationship occurred in artificial fragments for birds, where the surrounding anthropogenic land uses are likely to have contributed generalist or colonist species. Avifaunal migratory groups were not affected by isolation distances of > 10 km in this study and their frequencies were the same across the three habitat configurations. Certain feeding guilds did, however, respond to postfire vegetation age, with nectarivore species twice as likely to occur in oldgrowth mainland fynbos. Fragmentation can alter fire disturbance regimes, which in turn alter the availability of resources in a habitat, so the impacts of fragmentation on birds are probably indirect through changes in the vegetation component.Conservation implications: Fragments of South Outeniqua Sandstone Fynbos have value as resource refugia and ‘stepping-stone’ reserves for avifauna. Fragments should be managed for vegetation age to ensure that at least some patches sustain high levels of nectarproducing plant species. Fire management should, however, factor in both plant and bird requirements.Keywords: Avifauna; Agricultural Mosaic; Cape Floristic Region; Conservation; Habitat Fragmentation; Species-Area Relationships
RNA Sequencing in Schizophrenia
Authors: Li Xin , Teng Shaolei
Published: March 2016

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious psychiatric disorder that affects 1% of general population and places a heavy burden worldwide. The underlying genetic mechanism of SCZ remains unknown, but studies indicate that the disease is associated with a global gene expression disturbance across many genes. Next-generation sequencing, particularly of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), provides a powerful genome-scale technology to investigate the pathological processes of SCZ. RNA-Seq has been used to analyze the gene expressions and identify the novel splice isoforms and rare transcripts associated with SCZ. This paper provides an overview on the genetics of SCZ, the advantages of RNA-Seq for transcriptome analysis, the accomplishments of RNA-Seq in SCZ cohorts, and the applications of induced pluripotent stem cells and RNA-Seq in SCZ research.
Универсальный $k$-закон нуля или единицы
Authors: Zhukovskii Maksim Evgen'evich , Matushkin Aleksandr Dmitrievich
Published: March 2016

В данной работе изучаются предельные вероятности свойств первого порядка случайного
графа в модели Эрдеша-Реньи $G(n, n^{-\alpha})$, где $\alpha\in (0, 1)$.
Мы нашли для любого натурального $k \ge 4$ и для любого рационального числа
$t/s \in (0, 1)$ интервал с правым концом $t/s$, на котором выполнен $k$-закон
нуля или единицы, описывающий поведение вероятностей свойств первого порядка,
выраженных формулами с ограниченной числом $k$ кванторной глубиной. Также для
рациональных чисел $t/s$ с числителем, не превосходящим 2, мы доказали, что
логарифм длины найденного нами интервала имеет тот же порядок малости
(при $n \to\infty$), что и логарифм длины наибольшего интервала
с правым концом $t/s$, на котором выполнен $k$-закон нуля или единицы.
Библиография: 23 названия.
Тригонометрические интегралы над одномерными квазирешетками произвольной коразмерности
Authors: Shutov Anton Vladimirovich
Published: March 2016

В работе рассматривается класс одномерных квазирешеток,
параметризуемых сдвигами тора. Для данного класса квазирешеток
рассматриваются тригонометрические интегралы, усредняющие модули
тригонометрических сумм, связанных с квазирешетками. Получены
нетривиальные оценки рассматриваемых интегралов. Обсуждается связь
тригонометрических интегралов с некоторыми задачами теории
диофантовых приближений.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Принцип кольца в задаче о существовании гиперболического странного аттрактора
Authors: Glyzin Sergey Dmitrievich , Kolesov Andrei Yurevich , Rozov Nikolai Khristovich
Published: March 2016

Исследуется некоторый специальный класс диффеоморфизмов кольца (прямого произведения шара в $\mathbb{R}^k$, $k\geqslant 2$, на окружность). Устанавливается так называемый принцип кольца, т.е. предлагается набор достаточных условий, при которых каждый диффеоморфизм из приведенного класса имеет странный гиперболический аттрактор типа соленоида Смейла-Вильямса.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Exploring School Leadership in England and the Caribbean
Authors: Miller Paul
Published: March 2016

What drives school leaders?
What do they do on a day to day basis?What helps or constrains their decision-making?What keeps them focused amidst challenges?

Rather than applying theory to practice, Exploring School Leadership in England and the Caribbean draws on how school leaders practice and experience their own leadership. Paul Miller draws on case studies from Jamaica and England to explore what it means to be a school leader and explores a wide-range of issues, including accountability, performativity, inclusion and multiculturalism, technology, staffing and resourcing decisions.

While no two school leaders will have identical experiences as a school leader, Paul Miller draws on the first-hand accounts of school leaders to show that regardless of school size, type and location there are a number of common experiences and themes. Miller acknowledges that the practice of school leadership is occurring in an uncertain economic environment, buoyed by a fast paced policy context where by targets linked to national economic development are the new normal. He concludes that school leadership is a continuous balancing act driven by and experienced through an ”Economic-motor model„ of schooling – which he proposes.
UFOs, Conspiracy Theories and the New Age
Authors: Robertson David G.
Published: March 2016

How–and why–were UFOs so prevalent in both conspiracy theories and the New Age milieu in the post-Cold War period? In this ground-breaking book, David G. Robertson argues that UFOs symbolized an uncertainty about the boundaries between scientific knowledge and other ways of validating knowledge, and thus became part of a shared vocabulary.

Through historical and ethnographic case studies of three prominent figures–novelist and abductee Whitley Strieber; environmentalist and reptilian proponent David Icke; and David Wilcock, alleged reincarnation of Edgar Cayce–the investigation reveals that millennial conspiracism offers an explanation as to why the prophesied New Age failed to arrive–it was prevented from arriving by malevolent, hidden others. Yet millennial conspiracism constructs a counter-elite, a gnostic third party defined by their special knowledge.

An overview of the development of UFO subcultures from the perspective of religious studies, UFOs, Conspiracy Theories and the New Age is an innovative application of discourse analysis to the study of present day alternative religion.
West Indian Pentecostals
Authors: McLean-Farrell Janice A.
Published: March 2016

This is a significant in-depth study that explores the cultural context of the religious experience of West Indian immigrant communities. Whereas most studies to date have focussed on how immigrants settle in their new home contexts, Janice A. McLean-Farrell argues for a more comprehensive perspective that takes into account the importance of religion and the role of both ‘home’ and the ‘host’ contexts in shaping immigrant lives in the Diaspora.

West Indian Pentecostals: Living Their Faith in New York and London explores how these three elements (religion, the ‘home’ and ‘host’ contexts) influence the ethnic-religious identification processes of generations of West Indian immigrants. Using case studies from the cities of New York and London, the book offers a critical cross-national comparison into the complex and indirect ways the historical, socio-economic, and political realities in diaspora contribute to both the identification processes and the ‘missional’ practices of immigrants. Its focus on Pentecostalism also provides a unique opportunity to test existing theories and concepts on the interface of religion and immigration and makes important contributions to the study of Pentecostalism.
Crunch Lit
Authors: Shaw Katy
Published: March 2016

The financial crisis of 2008 quickly gave rise to a growing body of fiction: “Crunch Lit”. These ’recession writings’ take the financial crisis as their central narrative concern and explore its effects on consumer culture, gender roles and contemporary communities. Examining a range of texts including Sebastian Faulks’ A Week in December, Adam Haslett’s Union Atlantic, and John Lanchester’s Capital, this book offers the first wide-ranging guide to these new millennial writings.
The Invention of Taste
Authors: Vercelloni Luca
Published: March 2016

The Invention of Taste provides a detailed overview of the development of taste, from ancient times to the present. At the heart of the book is an intriguing question: why did the sensory attribute of human taste become a social metaphor and aesthetic value for judging cultural qualities of art, fashion, cuisine and other social constructions?

Unique amongst the senses, taste is at once a biologically derived sense, private, personal and individual, yet also a sensibility which can be acquired, shared, and communicated. Exploring the many factors that defined the evolution of taste – from medieval morals and medicine to social and cultural philosophy, the rise of aesthetics, birth of fashion, branding trends, and luxury worship in the age of mass consumption – Luca Vercelloni’s ambitious text provides readers with an outstanding introduction to the subject, making it thecultural history of taste.

Now available for the first time in English, Taste features a new final chapter and a preface by series editor David Howes. Rich in detail and examples, this interdisciplinary work is an important read for students and researchers in sensory studies, philosophy, sociology and cultural studies, as well as gastronomy, fashion, design, and branding.
Textual Database on Women and Social Movements, International, 1800–2010
Authors: Manning Patrick
Published: March 2016

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Rede de atenção à mulher em situação de violência: os desafios da transversalidade do cuidado
Authors: Lettiere Angelina , Nakano Ana Márcia Spanó
Published: March 2016

Pesquisa qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi compreender, sob a ótica dos profissionais, como se configura a atenção à mulher em situação de violência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com sete informantes-chave e analisados pelo método de interpretação dos sentidos. Na categoria temática central: Sistema autoeco-organizador das instituições identificou-se dois núcleos de sentido: Eixo da atenção e Funcionalidade da instituição. No primeiro, o eixo de atenção foi classificado em assistência psicossocial, assistência à saúde e assistência policial. Na funcionalidade da instituição, evidenciou-se atendimento às mulheres na captação das demandas e encaminhamentos por meio da triagem. Na perspectiva dos profissionais, apesar dos avanços obtidos nos últimos anos, ainda persiste o “desencontro” da rede na atenção às mulheres em situação de violência, o que não contempla o que se concebe por transversalidade da atenção. O estudo apontou subsídios para fortalecimento da rede, a fim de garantir os direitos da mulher.
A formação do conceito de integralidade em saúde à luz da abordagem histórico-cultural
Authors: Camargo Rosangela Andrade Aukar de , Zuelli Fabiana Maria das Graças Corsi , Toneti Adrielle Naiara , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi , Gonçalves Marlene Fagundes Carvalho , Andrade Luciane Sá de
Published: March 2016

Esta pesquisa analisou a formação do conceito de integralidade em saúde pelo aluno de curso de bacharelado e licenciatura em enfermagem numa abordagem histórico-cultural. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva qualitativa, realizada numa universidade pública estadual, com 24 alunos. As informações coletadas por entrevistas geraram três categorias conforme os estágios de formação do conceito científico, intituladas: A pluralidade inicial dos sentidos do conceito de integralidade em saúde; Das generalizações de impressões subjetivas aos atributos concretos; O conceito potencial ou pseudoconceito. A análise revelou um processo dialético entre pensamento e fala. O conceito de integralidade em saúde evoluiu das palavras tudo e todo, para a associação ao princípio do Sistema Único de Saúde, ao trabalho em equipe como orientador das práticas de saúde e na organização dos serviços. Conclui-se que a teoria de formação de conceitos na abordagem histórico-cultural,  permitiu identificar avanços e lacunas na aprendizagem do aluno na construção do conhecimento.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL E CARACTERÍSTICAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS DOS CASOS DE ESQUISTOSSOMOSE MANSÔNICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SIMÃO DIAS, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Dos Santos Allan Dantas , Santos Márcio Bezerra , Gardênia Rodrigues Dos Santos Priscilia , Barreto Aline Silva , Conceição Gomes Machado de Araújo Karina
Published: March 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a distribuição espacial e as características epidemiológicas da esquistossomose mansônica no município de Simão Dias, Sergipe, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e transversal. Para o inquérito coproscópico, examinou-se o material fecal de 3.472 amostras no ano de 2011. Os casos positivos de Schistosoma mansoni foram georreferenciados utilizando-se o método absoluto com posicionamento instantâneo de um ponto e com auxílio de um receptor GPS para a localização espacial dos domicílios onde existiam casos de esquistossomose. Para a análise espacial dos dados e identificação visual de padrões de distribuição e densidade dos casos, foi adotado o estimador de Kernel, sendo as análises realizadas pelo software TerraView, versão 4.2.0. O município de Simão Dias é uma área de baixa endemicidade da esquistossomose, visto que apresentou prevalência de 4,3%. Os indivíduos mais acometidos pela infecção foram os do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de10 a 39 anos, de etnia parda, solteiros e com renda familiar de1 a 2 salários mínimos. A análise espacial, com base no estimador de densidade de Kernel, permitiu a construção de mapas que apontaram a existência de três regiões de risco para transmissão da esquistossomose: Pau de Leite, Açude e Curral dos Bois. Apesar dos inquéritos evidenciarem a ocorrência de esquistossomose, ainda se desconhecem medidas preventivas eficientes para a redução desse agravo implementadas na região. As técnicas de análise espacial empregadas configuram-se como um importante método para o monitoramento e controle desta doença parasitária.
TUBERCULOSIS IN THE MUNDURUKU INDIGENOUS GROUP IN THE BRAZILIAN AMAZON: A PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGE
Authors: Vidal Nogueira Laura Maria , Basta Paulo Cesar , Teixeira Elizabeth , Catarina Salvador Da Motta Maria
Published: March 2016

Os objetivos foram identificar sintomáticos respiratórios e casos de doença ativa, assim como estimar a prevalência de infecção latente por tuberculose (ILTB), fatores associados e descrever as características radiológicas entre pessoas com resultado de prova tuberculínica ?10mm. Trata-se de estudo prospectivo realizado com amostra de conveniência de 1.213 indígenas da etnia Munduruku, do Rio Tapajós, município de Jacareacanga-Pará. Para obtenção dos dados, foram realizados exames diretos e cultura no escarro, prova tuberculínica e radiografias de tórax, o que permitiu a identificação de tuberculose ativa e latente. Para a análise dos dados, valeu-se do softwere Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) com os procedimentos estatísticos: teste X2, análises univariadas e multivariadas, nível de significância ?=5% e p valor <0,05, IC 95%. Odds ratio foi utilizado como medida de associação. Foram identificados 70 sintomáticos respiratórios (5,8% da população estudada), obtendo-se a confirmação de Mycobacterium tuberculosis com prevalência pontual de 82,4/100.000. Foram realizados 219 exames radiológicos do tórax, dos quais 40 (18,3%) apresentaram alterações, sendo uma imagem cavitária. Foram realizados 1.213 testes tuberculínicos (PT) e a prevalência de infecção pelo M. tuberculosis (MTB) foi de 22,0% nas reações ?10mm e de 37,4% para o ponto de corte de 5mm. As reações à PT ?10mm mostraram-se associadas com as variáveis aldeia, idade acima de 40 anos, gênero, história de contato e presença de cicatriz vacinal de BCG. São altos os índices de adoecimento quando comparados com a população não indígena. Conclue-se pelos elevados índices que alguns adultos podem ter sido infectados no passado, entretanto a associação de infecção com idade acima de 40 anos indica contato.
The Dynamic Behaviour of the Floor of a Surrogate Vehicle Under Explosive Blast Loading
Authors: Newell Nicolas , Neal William , Pandelani Thanyani , Reinecke David , Proud William G , Masouros Spyros D
Published: March 2016

Improvised Explosive Devices have been the signature weapon in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. High-rate axial forces exerted by the vehicle floor to the lower limbs of occupants have been the cause of severe injuries. In order to gain a greater understanding of the mechanisms of these injuries so that countermeasures can be developed, one is required to know how the vehicle floor behaves; therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterise the behaviour of a vehicle floor surrogate to a range of explosive loads. Explosive loads between 1 and 6 kg TNT were detonated beneath a vehicle floor surrogate resulting in peak floor velocities between 5.8 and 80.5 m/s reached in a time between 0.10 and 3.13 ms. The data can now be used to (a) test numerical models of blast and its interaction with structures for validity, and (b) ensure that the velocity profiles replicated in a laboratory environment to understand human tolerance to injury are relevant to the blast process. These will ensure that preventive measures are developed based on realistic physical and numerical models of injury.
Validity and Effects of the Arbitration Agreement in Domestic and International Law of Iran and Arbitration Rules of the International Chamber of Commerce
Authors: Bayat Hamzeh Esfandiari
Published: March 2016

By more familiarity of people to the positive aspects of arbitration, the tendency to the dispute of arbitration has been more, but every time this issue is not possible simply because the parties may not have the required qualifications to adjust the arbitration agreement or the law that parties have considered ruling on the arbitration agreement, is invalid or if the agreement is adjusted in Iran due to the explicit opposition of law ruling to Iran's law, agreement loses its validity; Which this issue can follow the effects such as competent of judicial authorities in handling disputes. So the familiarity of parties can be important with the conditions of validity and effects of arbitration agreement. In this article, it is tried to be investigated and analyzed the validity conditions and the effects of arbitration agreements in domestic and international law of Iran and the rules of arbitration of the International Chamber of commerce separately and ruled procedure.
Bank Guarantees in Iranian Law
Authors: Moinfar Somaye , Esmaeeli Masoumeh , Taghizadeh Elham , Hassani Hossein
Published: March 2016

This paper aims at investigating bank guarantees in Iranian law and exploring new and different bases for the nature of bank guarantees that create liabilities and make accepting this legal action simpler for community members. In other words, we have been in a position to answer these questions: What is the nature of bank guarantees? In other words, do bank guarantees include civil or commercial guarantees? Finally, according to the proposed principles and introduced ideas, it seems that bank guarantees cannot act as a Civil or Commercial Guarantee. It should also be acknowledged that bank guarantee letter is an innovative financial tool that is very important in commercial contracts and in particular international contracts, because they minimize economic risk of the contract and are strong executive guaranty. In general, no contract can be executed or take effect without bank guarantees and insurance.
A Review of the Features of Safavid Documents
Authors: Esmaili Mozhgan
Published: March 2016

During the rule of the Safavid dynasty (1502-1722 AD) the chancellery and royal documents played an important role in the administration of the state affairs.
The royal documents constituted one of the main components of the chancelleries in management of the day-to-day affairs.
The said documents are one of the main sources of research which include all royal communications, decrees, documents, political agreements, administrative and officials writings, economic, cultural and military reports, judicial, financial and legal documents as well as private and family communications.
Hence a study of the royal documents would shed light on the mode of administration during the said era. The present paper is an attempt to review the main features of some of the documents circulated in the chancelleries and throughout the state during the Safavid era. The Safavid documents can be divided into various categories on the basis of their functionalities. The main thrust of the present paper is to discuss the nature of the diwanyat as well as their functions in the administration of the state where there was no constitution and the royal decrees and other forms of royal documents effectively played the role of the constitution and law. Attempts have been made to rely on the original documents, which are available in different archives, libraries and museums.
Government Education Expenditure, Third-party Spillover Effect and Economic Growth in China
Authors: Qi Jiangyi
Published: March 2016

This paper investigates the impacts of government education expenditure on economic growth in China taking into account the spatial third-party spillover effects. After the theretical analyse, a spatial panel estimation model based on the augmented Solow model is applied by using province data in China during 2007 and 2013. The results reveal that (1) In a whole, Government education expenditure in China has significantly positive impact on economic growth, but expenditure in different educational level shows different results. Government education expenditure in below high-education is positive related to local economic growth, whereas the effect of education expenditure in high-education is insignificant. (2) Neighboring government education expenditure shows spatial spillover effects on local economic growth, and spatial spillover effects in two education level is different. (3) Other input factors of third-governmet also have spatial effects. Some policies about education and economic development are proposed. Meanwhile this study recommends that corporation relationship among regions is very important.