bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of iron ore concentrate quality on metallurgical properties of pellet
Authors: Isaenko G. E. , Mikhailov V G. , Meshcheryakov N. S. , Goryachko O. V , Makavetskas A. R.
Published: November 2023

One of the important factors for improving the technical and economic performance of blast furnaces is the iron content in the iron ore part of the charge. At the same time, there is evidence that when using iron ore concentrate with an iron content of more than 66‒67% for the production of pellets, their strength decreases, and adjustments to the heating modes are required. In recent years, Russian mining enterprises have been implementing technological measures to increase the mass fraction of iron in the concentrate to 68‒70%. The results of a study of the influence of concentrate quality indicators (mass fraction of iron, specific surface value) on the pelletizing technology and metallur-gical properties of pellets are presented. Concentrates with a mass fraction of iron of 66.6, 68.0, 69.2% and a specific surface of 1576, 1999, 2015 cm2/g, respectively, were used as an object of study. It was found that increasing the iron content and specific surface area in the concentrate leads to an improvement in the raw pelletizing technology ‒ plasticity and the proportion of pellets with a size of 5‒16 mm increase. Roasting of laboratory pellets in baskets on a roasting machine showed a multidirectional change in the metallurgical properties of the pellets. The compressive strength index decreased, the hot strength changed little, the softening-melting temperature range (SMTR) decreased from 308 to 200‒290 °C. Mineralogical studies have established that the decrease in these indicators (strength and SMTR) was influenced by a decrease in the amount of silicate binder and the uneven distribution.
Trends in Earning Management (EM) Practices: A Cross Country and Industrial Analysis
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Javaid Aisha , Karamat Musarrat
Published: November 2023

This paper analyzes the trends in earnings management (EM) practices of 500 non-financial firms across 8 major industries operating in both developing and developed economies for the period 2008-2017. It significantly contributes to the literature by identifying the country-specific, industry-specific, and over the time trends in accrual and real earnings management practices prevailing in the non-financial sector of both developed and developing economies of the world. EM trends are analyzed across countries, across industries, and over the sample period. The sample consists of 500 non-financial firms from 8 different industries of 22 developed and developing economies for the period 2007-2018. Accrual and real earnings management are alternatively used in the non-financial sector across the world. This study uses the Modified Jones Model (Dechow et al., 1996) and the Roychowdhury model (2006) to estimate accrual and real earnings management. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to examine the mean differences between countries and industries as well as over the time differences. The country-wise analysis concludes that Pakistan is on the top of the list in managing earnings followed by Canada, particularly in accrual-based earnings management. It may be attributed to poor accounting standards and regulatory frameworks. The industry-wise analysis shows that the mining industry, characterized by high dependency on capital markets and the uncertainty associated with the prospects of mineral reserves, is highly involved in EM. Finally, the year-wise analysis determines that the year 2009 was highly escorted with accrual and real earnings management practices, which may be the result of the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. The findings imply that the policymakers of developing economies should strongly emphasize improving the general macroeconomic environment of the economy by controlling inflation, improving law and order conditions, and ensuring political stability. Additionally, the findings have potential implications for corporate managers while formulating strategies to restrict them from EM that may diminish both firm value and the economy.
Assessment of patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment with IOP-lowering medication in an innovative OSD bottle
Authors:   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (Ocular), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Novikov D.P. , Kuznetsova E.S. ,   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (Ocular), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: November 2023

Background: a significant proportion of patients with glaucoma require two or three IOP-lowering medications to achieve the target IOP. Factors that improve adherence to treatment include fixed-dose combinations (FDC) and preservative-free formulations. Good tolerability of long-term treatment and precise dosing are important prerequisites for the efficacy of glaucoma treatment. Recently, the ophthalmological armamentarium was replenished with preservative-free dorzolamide/timolol FDC containing sodium hyaluronate (Dorzial plus), thereby increasing adherence to prescribed therapy. Aim: to assess subjective difficulties in using the drug in an OSD bottle and to identify the most significant factors affecting treatment comfort and adherence to treatment. Patients and Methods: a questionnaire consisting of 9 questions was developed. Patients were surveyed in the outpatient setting. The survey involved 43 patients (32 women and 11 men). Questionnaires were completed anonymously without specifying personal data after 1 month of using the study drug. Results and Discussion: treatment comfort was rated "satisfied” and “very satisfied" by more than 90% of the respondents. In addition, more than 90% successfully dealt with drug dosing (1 drop from the OSD bottle). Difficulties in applying force when pressing the OSD bottle were rare, although a positive assessment of drug characteristics prevailed. When asked about continuing therapy, most respondents answered that they wanted to continue treatment with the prescribed drug. Conclusion: the survey demonstrated that Dorzial Plus has the necessary range of characteristics to ensure a high level of patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment. KEYWORDS: adherence to treatment, primary open-angle glaucoma, OSD bottle, dorzolamide/timolol fixed-dose combination, preservative- free therapy, treatment comfort. FOR CITATION: Novikov D.P., Kuznetsova E.S. Assessment of patient satisfaction and adherence to treatment with IOP-lowering medication in an innovative OSD bottle. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(4):192–196 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311- 7729-2023-23-4-3.
Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Haemoperitoneum with Tumour Rupture
Authors: Rathnasekara Thilina , Wijekoon Lanka , Weerawansa Prasanna , Jayasiri Bhagya , Siribaddana Sisira
Published: November 2023

We report a 34-year-old woman with haemoperitoneum and acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) following rupture of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), the first documented case. Although DIC is known to be associated with ovarian cancer, acute DIC with bleeding in clear cell variants is not reported. A patient with a right adnexal lesion was found to have anaemia with thrombocytopenia. Intra-abdominal bleeding with the rupture of a malignant ovarian cyst associated with DIC was found to be the cause. After surgery, DIC resolved, indicating OCCC can be the aetiology for acute DIC and bleeding. Practitioners must know this rare but potentially fatal association between OCCC and acute DIC.
Forecasting of Maize Production in Bangladesh using ARIMA and Mixed Model Approaches
Authors: Mohammad Nur , Islam Mohammad Amirul , Rahman Mohammad Mukhlesur , Ahmed Istiak , Mahboob Golam
Published: November 2023

Maize (_Zea maysL._) is the most vital cereal crop in Bangladesh and, after rice and wheat, it is also the leading crop of the world. Maize is the highest-yielding grain crop, having multiple uses. It serves as a primary raw material for the production of feed, food, fodder, and fuel. Thus, maize can play an important role as an alternative and a multipurpose food crop in Bangladesh. This study considered the BBS-published secondary yearly maize data, including area and production in Bangladesh, over the period 1970-71 to 2019-20. The best-selected Box-Jenkins ARIMA model is ARIMA (0, 2, 1) for forecasting maize production all over Bangladesh. When the area of maize is considered in the mixed model, i.e., ARIMA (1, 0, 0) is the best model rather than the univariate ARIMA (0, 2, 1) model. The length of the 95% confidence interval of the forecast value for the mixed model is smaller than that for the ARIMA model. Therefore, the forecasting performance of the mixed model is better than that of the econometric model like ARIMA; the reason could be the consideration of an explanatory variable like area. Thus, the mixed model approach can be applied for policy decisions based on the forecasting of maize production in Bangladesh.
Nondestructive Analysis On 4D-Printed Hygroscopic Actuators Through Optical Flow-Based Displacement Measurements
Authors: Bianconi Fabio , Filippucci Marco , Pelliccia Giulia , Rossi Gianluca , Tocci Tommaso , Tribbiani Giulio , Correa David
Published: November 2023

The many advantages of additive manufacturing are particularly noticeable in the fabrication of 4D-printed actuators. Through the selection of specific printing properties and materials, hygroscopic wood polymer composites (WPCs) can be produced and their reaction to humidity can be preprogrammed to achieve the greatest deformations in the shortest time. This responsive behavior makes 4D-printed WPCs suitable for architectural applications, where they can act as passive airflow controllers to improve hygrometric conditions in indoor environments. Image analysis methods have been proven to be reliable to select the best combinations of materials and properties for hygroscopic WPCs but, in some cases, they provide only information on the curvature angles and the instrumentation and software can be expensive. This paper presents an optical flow method for tracking the displacements through a free and open-source software. Starting from a time-lapse video of the sample immersed in water, the analysis returns a matrix composed of the 3D displacement values for each pixel in consecutive frames and the velocity of the displacement, with their visual representation. Such image analysis techniques proved to be suitable to assess the different hygro-responsive behavior under water of 4D-printed WPCs through low-cost equipment without altering their configuration.
The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Angiogenesis Factors in Middle-aged Women
Authors:   Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran., Akbarpour Beni Mohsen , Asheghi Zahra ,   Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Published: November 2023

Background and Aim: Aging is a process, in which the physiological capacity of the body decreases. One of these basic changes is the reduction of blood supply caused by the inability of angiogenesis. This article was conducted to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on angiogenic factors, including leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG-1) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) in middle-aged women. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 18 middle-aged women. The samples were randomly divided into two groups, including the aerobic (n=9) and control (n=9) groups. The experimental group performed aerobic exercise for eight weeks (three sessions per week). Then, 5 mL of blood samples was taken from each person 48 hours before and after training to measure LRG-1 and TSP-1 protein levels. The dependent and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results: The levels of LRG-1 in the experimental group showed a significant increase in post-test compared to the control group. Also, in the experimental group, TSP-1 levels showed a significant decrease in post-test compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that aerobic exercise can increase the levels of LRG-1 protein and decrease the serum TSP-1 protein levels; therefore, by increasing LRG-1 and decreasing TSP-1 levels, the angiogenesis process in the body is enhanced. Accordingly, middle-aged women are advised to do aerobic exercise as a tool to improve angiogenesis and improve blood circulation.
Caetano Spring
Authors:   Institute of the World History of the Russian Academy of Science., Filatov Georgy
Published: November 2023

Antonio Salazar's illness forced his entourage to choose a successor. The choice fell on a man who was one of the creators of the New State regime; in the 1940s and 1950s he held high positions, but in the 1960s he stepped down from power. Marcelo Caetano began his rule with the liberalization of the political system. Some politicians who were previously forced to emigrate were able to return to Portugal. Moderate oppositionists were allowed to participate in parliamentary elections, where they formed a small faction. Attempts were made to reform the regime's economic policies. The new head of government sought to allocate more funds to social programs. Nevertheless, already by 1971-72 the possibilities for liberalizing the regime had been exhausted. The article concludes that despite a number of steps to reform the New State, Caetano was not ready to allow the opposition to actually participate in governing the country.
Youth policy of the Argentine military junta as part of a global conservative response
Authors:   Institute of the World History of the Russian Academy of Science., Veselova Irina
Published: November 2023

This article examines the youth policy pursued by the mili-tary junta as part of the general authoritarian strategies used to control public life and to shape mass worldviews during the last military dictatorship in Argentina (1976-1983). Applying Michel Foucault’s concept of disciplinary power, the author analyses the interaction of military authorities with young people. Particular attention is paid to generational conflict and conservative ideology opposing changes in youth culture. The article also shows how the complex socio-political processes of the last dictatorship in Argentina were linked to the global conservative reaction observed in different countries in the 1970s. The topic touched upon by the author allows for a better understanding of authoritarian practices used to shape social norms, especially when influencing young people.
Multilingual parallel corpus: An institutional resource for terminology development at the University of South Africa (Unisa)
Authors: Moropa Koliswa , Nokele Bulelwa
Published: November 2023

The indigenous African languages of South Africa are not fully developed to provide for specialised terminology and were considered unsuitable for use as languages of tuition and research. This was used as a scapegoat for not utilising these languages in the South African education system. Since 1994, however, terminology development has been one of the key priorities of democratic South Africa. The institutions of Higher Learning have been mandated to develop and intellectualise the indigenous languages for teaching, learning and research. In line with this, this article aims to address the problem of unavailability of scientific or technical terms by illustrating how a multilingual corpus ––from which multilingual glossaries as resources for tuition and research–– can be compiled. Adopting a qualitative descriptive approach, suitable source texts in English and their translations in various African indigenous languages, namely, IsiZulu, IsiXhosa, IsiNdebele, SiSwati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga were selected from the University study material for inclusion in the multilingual parallel corpus. ParaConc, a software that is suitable to query parallel texts, was used to align and extract terms from the corpus. The study demonstrates how parallel texts can be useful in developing scientific and technical terms. The University of South Africa can become the centre of corpus compilation for the intellectualisation of the official indigenous South African languages, since it is the only university in the country that caters for all these languages.
ЗНАЧЕННЯ КАДРОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ ЙОГО ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ТА КАДРОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Зачосова Наталія , Замогильна Аліна
Published: November 2023

У статті розглядається значення кадрової політики та кадрового планування для стабілізації діяльності підприємства під впливом ризиків воєнного часу. Методологія дослідження базується на концептуальному розумінні кадрової політики як інструменту забезпечення кадрової безпеки через комплекс внутрішніх регламентів, що визначають взаємодію роботодавця та працівників, що дозволяють, крім інших задач, вирішити і найважливіше завдання запобігання загрозам економічній безпеці бізнесу з боку персоналу. Представлена система заходів, що спрямована на забезпечення підприємства кадрами належної кваліфікації. Перераховані тенденції, що спостерігаються у царині управління персоналом підприємств. Встановлено, що традиційно кадрова політика базується на ситуаційному підході та інтегрує вимоги зовнішнього та внутрішнього середовища суб’єкта господарювання, потреби співробітників і роботодавців, формулює цілі, завдання та принципи управління трудовим потенціалом підприємства на певний період часу, після якого вона переглядається та перезатверджується.
IMPLEMENTASI BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT MENGGUNAKAN MIKROTIK ROUTER OS (STUDI KASUS DI PT. REJEKI MAHA BUMI LESTARI)
Authors: Putra Putu Gede Oka Windu , Adi Jaya I Kadek Noppi
Published: November 2023

Perkembangan dunia komputer baik perangkat keras maupun perangkat lunak yang sangat pesat. Dalam dunia komputer, jaringan berupaya sebaik mungkin dalam memenuhi kebutuhan informasi dan komunikasi pasar bisnis, berkembang dan dapat mempersempit jangkauan pilihan yang ada. PT. RMBL  yang banyak dikenal sebagai RMBL Clothing adalah perusahaan yang berdiri sejak 2010. Adapun masalah yang melatarbelakangi pembuatan sistem ini yaitu kebutuhan kecepatan internet yang stabil. Permasalahan yang kerap terjadi adalah borosnya penggunaan bandwidth di lantai dua dan tiga dimana digunakan untuk entertainment sehingga pekerjaan di lantai tiga terganggu. Kegiatan yang dilakukan selama pelaksanaan kerja praktek yaitu melakukan implementasi bandwidth management menggunakan Mikrotik Router OS. Implementasi ini dilakukan atas dasar permasalahan yang dialami oleh PT. Rejeki Maha Bumi Lestari. Hasil dari kerja praktek yaitu terciptanya sistem bandwidth management dengan menggunakan Mikrotik Router OS. Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk mengatur jumlah bandwidth yang digunakan di PT. Rejeki Maha Bumi Lestari. Dalam sistem ini pengguna dapat melakukan pengaturan bandwidth menggunakan Mikrotik Router OS untuk IP Address sesuai dengan prioritas dan kebutuhan.
Penerapan SPK dengan Metode SAW Terhadap Pemilihan Calon Karyawan LPD Desa Adat Sidakarya dengan Bahasa Pemrograman Python
Authors: Sukayana I Made , Utari Dewi Ida Ayu , Andy Asmarajaya I Kadek
Published: November 2023

Sumber daya manusia merupakan faktor sentral dalam organisasi dan seleksi talenta terbaik menjadi karyawan dalam perusahaan menjadi hal yang penting dilakukan. Rekrutmen karyawan juga menjadi hal yang menjadi perhatian pada LPD Desa Adat Sidakarya untuk mampu memilih calon karyawan terbaik dengan berbagai kriteria dan pertimbangan dari berbagai pihak. Untuk efektivitas pengambilan keputusan yang sering kali berhadapan dengan banyaknya kriteria dan pilihan calon karyawan, digunakan bantuan SPK. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Simple Additive Weighting. Penelitian ini menggunakan 7 kriteria yaitu kesiapan wawancara (K1), pengalaman kerja yang relevan (K2), pendidikan (K3), umur (K4), permintaan gaji perbulan (K5), keterampilan komputer (K6) dan kemampuan bahasa inggris (K7). Penelitian ini menggunakan 11 calon karyawan sebagai alternatif pilihan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perhitungan manual, perhitungan akurasi dan hasil penerapan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman python. Kriteria yang menjadi pembobotan terbesar adalah permintaan gaji perbulan yang mencapai 21,03%, kemudian pendidikan sebesar 18,35%. Calon karyawan yang direkomendasikan terbaik adalah NKKD Yanti yang mendapatkan nilai sebesar 0,89037, selanjutnya NMA Westari dengan nilai 0,88669 dan NWS Utami dengan nilai 0,87874. Akurasi mencapai 100% pada rekomendasi 3 dan 4 teratas, dan menjadi 81,8% pada rekomendasi 5 teratas. Penerapan pada bahasa pemrograman python juga telah berhasil dilaksanakan dengan baik dengan hasil yang sesuai dengan perhitungan manual.
Visualisasi Data Pemetaan Nasabah Kredit Pada LPD Desa Adat Kesiman Menggunakan Python
Authors: Erawati Ni Luh , Adi Jaya I Kadek Noppi , Asmarajaya I Kadek Andy
Published: November 2023

Perkembangan teknologi sangat memudahkan masyarakat, organisasi, perusahaan dalam melakukan banyak hal seperti pada pelajaran, pekerjaan, perbankan maupun penyampaian informasi. LPD Desa Adat Kesiman merupakan lembaga yang bergerak dibidang perkreditan. Nasabah di LPD sudah sangat banyak khususnya nasabah kredit. Pada saat ingin melakukan evaluasi mengenai nasabah kredit pihak LPD masih sulit dalam mengkomunikasikannya karena data hanya berupa teks. Evaluasi yang biasanya dilakukan yaitu melihat jumlah nasabah, sebaran dimana nasabah tinggal maupun melihat status kredit nasabah. Dengan terdapatnya kasus tersebut peneliti akan melakukan penelitian mengenai visualisasi data yang merupakan proses mengubah data teks menjadi visual seperti grafik ataupun gambar agar mudah dikomunikasikan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu membantu LPD Desa Adat Kesiman dalam melakukan pengembangan informasi yang lebih baik kedepannya karena sudah berupa visualisasi. Visualisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi jupyter notebook dengan bahasa pemrograman python. Hasil yang didapatkan dari implementasi yang telah dilakukan yaitu sebaran nasabah terdapat pada Banjar Tohpati dengan (12%), Banjar Kertalangu (10%), Banjar Ujung (10%), Banjar Batanbuah (8%), Banjar Cerancam (8%), Banjar Kesambi (8%), Banjar Dajan Tangluk (6%), Banjar Kebonkuri (6%), Banjar Kehen (6%), Banjar Kertajiwa (6%), Banjar Tanguntiti (6%), Banjar Biaung Kesiman (4%), Banjar Kedaton Kesiman (4%), Banjar Meranggi (4%) dan yang paling sedikit yaitu Batanbuah Kesiman (2%) nasabah.Diharapkan penelitian yang dilakukan berguna bagi LPD Desa Adat Kesiman dalam pengembangan LPD ataupun melakukan evaluasi kedepannya dan mendapatkan nasabah lebih banyak. Kata Kunci: Nasabahm Kredit, Python, Visualisasi, LPD Desa Adat Kesiman
Bimbingan Teknis Pemanfaatan Open Journal System Bagi Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Universitas Timor
Authors: Afandi Iswan , Juanda Juanda , Siki Ferdinandus , Adam Lenny Nofriyani , Liubana Metropoly Merlin J.
Published: November 2023

Mitra yang diabdi dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini ialah mahasiswa jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia di Universitas Timor. Masalah yang dialami saat ini ialah mahasiswa tidak memiliki pengetahuan tentang cara submit artikel jurnal melalui Open Journal System. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan ini bertujuan agar mahasiswa diberikan pengetahuan mengenai cara submit artikel jurnal melalui Open Journal System. Metode yang dipakai ialah demonstrasi. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2022 dengan peserta berjumlah 16 mahasiswa prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia FKIP Universitas Timor. Hasil menunjukkan pengetahuan mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan dari nilai rata-rata pre-test 24.38 % dan post-test 81.25 %. Dengan demikian, peningkatan nilai mean antara pre-test dan post-test menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan Open Journal System dengan metode demonstrasi memiliki pengaruh positif. Manfaat yang diperoleh mitra setelah pelatihan, yaitu: a) mitra memahami tentang OJS dan kegunaannya; b) cara membuat akun OJS; c) ruang lingkup pada laman OJS; dan d) mahasiswa mampu melakukan submit artikel jurnal via OJS.
ANALISIS TARAF OPTIMAL TERHADAP PENURUNAN HASIL PRODUKSI PADI DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT
Authors: Ritonga Baldan zulzamzami
Published: November 2023

Padi merupakan makanan utama di Indonesia, karena Indonesia beriklim tropis sehingga padi mudah tumbuh daripada sumber karbohidrat lain. Buktinya ialah Indonesia menghasilkan 54,75 ton GKG di tahun 2022 sehingga fluktuasi produksi padi menjadi isu yang penting untuk dianalisa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mngetahui pengaplikasian metode Kruskal-Wallis dalam penentuan taraf aman penurunan produksi padi di Kabupaten Langkat 2020-2022. Data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan dengan jenis adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Kabupaten Langkat. Berdasarkan hasil Analisa yang dilakukan, diperoleh bahwa ada data yang tidak berdistribusi normal sehingga sangat cocok menggunakan metode Kruskal-Wallis. Dengan data yang berjumlah 63, taraf signifikan atau error sebesar α=0,05 dan derajat kebebasan 2. Hasil analisa dengan metode ni memperoleh angka sebesar 3,479875 yang dimana lebih kecil dari χ_tabel^2 dengan derajat kebebasan 2 dan nilai error α=0,05 yaitu 5,991 sehingga dapat disimpulkan μ_1=μ_2 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata pada data produksi padi tahun 2020 sampai dengan 2022
The Paris Agreement on Climate Change: Efficiency of Mitigation Obligation
Authors: Al Mamun Md Jahid
Published: November 2023

The ‘Paris Climate Treaty’ is the first MEA (Multilateral Environmental Agreement) which imposes mitigation obligations not only on developed countries but also on developing country Parties. The Agreement actually extended the mitigation obligations enshrined under the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol. It has created a universal binding obligation to take domestic actions to achieve the target of reducing emissions of GHG set out by the domestic (“bottom-up”) process. PA has recognized the best available science to carry on mitigation actions. It requires the Parties to undertake a continuous planning process to mitigate climate change impacts set out in NDC every five years. This Agreement requires a more ambitious NDC containing progression of mitigation commitment from the previous NDC. Though a ‘mandatory enforcement mechanism’ or ‘penalty for non-compliance with mitigation obligations is absent in the Agreement, the mandatory procedural obligation makes us optimistic that the target will be achieved. The information relating to mitigation actions is subject to technical expert review. For assessing the overall and collective progress towards achieving the PA’s long-term mitigation goals, the Agreement requires a “global stocktake” in 2023 and after that time in every five years. There is a “transparent, non-adversarial and non-punitive” expert-based measure to facilitate compliance with provisions containing mitigation obligations. Many Parties are committed to shifting to renewable energy and imposing a carbon tax in their NDCs to achieve their desired mitigation pledges. Many countries have started to invest in cheaper zero-carbon goods and services. When such cheaper zero-carbon goods and services capture the market, then the mitigation target will be fulfilled easily. PA is a universal consensual document. Though it is confronted with many challenges, its strong foundation and efficient mitigation obligation make us optimistic that the overall mitigation targets will be achieved and that mother earth will be safe from being “hell”. This paper shall discuss the mitigation goal and nature of the mitigation obligation under the PA and finally analyze the efficiency of the mitigation strategy.
Dhaka University Law Journal, 2022, 33(1), 99-120
Desfechos clínicos das abordagens terapêuticas do hipotireoidismo subclínico: Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lopes Renan Martins , Batista João Guilherme de Mello , Monteiro Amarílis Cavalcante , Souza João Gabriel Ruschel de , Portugal Chiara Gübel , Vieira Felipe Jorge Medeiros , Silva João Lucas Nobre da , Dallago Cristina Micheletto
Published: November 2023

O hipotireoidismo subclínico é caracterizado por níveis elevados de hormônio estimulante da tireoide associados a níveis normais de T3 e T4 livre. Pacientes precisam ser monitorados para que se tenha uma abordagem clínica e terapêutica mais eficiente. A abordagem terapêutica mais comumente utilizada é feita com o uso de levotiroxina, a qual não possui evidências claras de seus benefícios. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo se trata de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, cujo objetivo é sintetizar os estudos relacionados aos possíveis benefícios ou não do uso de levotiroxina na abordagem terapêutica do hipotireoidismo subclínico avaliando diversos aspectos clínicos. Foram incluídas as bases de dados MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE e SCIELO para a realização da pesquisa, com enfoque em artigos originais, sobretudo, ensaios clínicos randomizados em inglês e espanhol, abrangendo o recorte temporal dos últimos 5 anos, incluindo 2023. A partir dos resultados, foi possível discutir desfechos clínicos relacionados aos sistemas cardiovascular, musculoesquelético, hematopoiético, além de manifestações psiquiátricas e efeitos nos aspectos laboratoriais. Ademais, outras terapias de manejo da doença foram discutidas. A partir da análise feita, nota-se que a reposição com levotiroxina não apresenta resultados significativos para o tratamento de hipotireoidismo subclínico, bem como as outras opções terapêuticas abordadas.
ANALISIS STAKEHOLDER DALAM PENGELOLAAN BUMDES “SUMBER REJEKI” DESA JIWAN KECAMATAN JIWAN KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Tamrin M. Husni , Rifti Liliana
Published: November 2023

Badan Usaha Milik Desa yang maju dalam pengelolaannya memerlukan perhatian terhadap dukungan dan partisipasi dari setiap pemangku kepentingan yang terlibat. Peran pemangku kepentingan dalam pengelolaan BUMDes “Sumber Rejeki” Desa Jiwan Kabupaten Madiun sangat diperlukan agar pengembangan BUMDes dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mematuhi peran masing-masing pemangku kepentingan yang terlibat berdasarkan tingkat “pengaruh” dan tingkat “kepentingan” pemangku kepentingan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian adalah stakeholder yang terlibat adalah stakeholder primer terdiri dari DPMD Kabupaten Madiun, Kepala BUMDes “Sumber Rezeki”, masyarakat Desa Jiwan, stakeholder kunci terdiri dari Kepala Desa Jiwan, sedangkan stakeholder sekunder terdiri dari BRI Unit Bank Jiwan dan BPR Polatama Kusuma. Kelompok yang memiliki nilai pengaruh dan kepentingan tinggi ada pada keyplayer yaitu Kepala Desa Jiwan dan Kepala Bumdes “Sumber Rejeki”. Peran masing-masing pemangku kepentingan meliputi sebagai koordinator, pelaksana, pembuat kebijakan dan fasilitator. Yang tidak menjalankan peran pengelolaan BUMDes “Sumber Rejeki” adalah DPMD Kabupaten Madiun.
Contemporary review on spontaneous coronary artery dissection: insights into the angiographic finding and differential diagnosis
Authors: Kovacevic M. , Jarakovic M. , Milovancev A. , Cankovic M. , Petrovic M. , Bjelobrk M. , Ilic A. , Srdanovic I. , Tadic S. , Dabovic D. , Crnomarkovic B. , Komazec N. , Dracina N. , Apostolovic S. , Stanojevic D. , Kunadian V.
Published: November 2023

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), although in the majority of cases presents as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), has different pathophysiology from atherosclerosis that influences specific angiography findings and enables most patients to be solved by optimal medical therapy rather than percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Therefore, accurate diagnosis is essential for adequate treatment of each patient as management of SCAD differs from that of ACS of atherosclerotic aetiology. So far, invasive coronary angiography remains the most important diagnostic tool in suspected SCAD. However, there are ambiguous cases that can mimic SCAD. In this review, the authors summarize current knowledge about the diagnostic algorithms, particularly angiographic features of SCAD, pitfalls of angiography, and the role of intracoronary imaging in the context of SCAD diagnosis. Finally, apart from the pathognomonic angiographic features of SCAD that are thoroughly discussed in this review, the authors focus on obscure angiography findings and findings that can mimic SCAD as well. Differential diagnosis and the timely recognition of SCAD are crucial as there are differences in the acute and long-term management of SCAD and other causes of ACS.
A 3-slice cardiac quantitative native and post-contrast T1 and T2 MRI protocol requiring only four BHs using a 72-channel receive array coil
Authors: Klarenberg Hugo , Gosselink Mark , Siddiqui Fasiha , Coolen Bram F. , Nederveen Aart J. , Leiner Tim , Lamb Hildo J. , Boekholdt S. Matthijs , Strijkers Gustav J. , Froeling Martijn
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Current practice to obtain left ventricular (LV) native and post-contrast T1 and T2 comprises single-slice readouts with multiple breath-holds (BHs). We propose a multi-slice parallel-imaging approach with a 72-channel receive-array to reduce BHs and demonstrate this in healthy subjects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients.

Methods

A T1/T2 phantom was scanned at 3 T using a 16-channel and a novel 72-channel coil to assess the impact of different coils and acceleration factors on relaxation times. 16–18 healthy participants (8 female, age 28.4 ± 5.1 years) and 3 HCM patients (3 male, age 55.3 ± 4.2 years) underwent cardiac-MRI with the 72-channel coil, using a Modified Look-Locker scan with a shared inversion pulse across 3 slices and a Gradient-Spin-Echo scan. Acceleration was done by sensitivity encoding (SENSE) with accelerations 2, 4, and 6. LV T1 and T2 values were analyzed globally, per slice, and in 16 segments, with SENSE = 2 as the reference.

Results

The phantom scans revealed no bias between coils and acceleration factors for T1 or T2, except for T2 with SENSE = 2, which resulted in a bias of 8.0 ± 6.7 ms (p < 0.001) between coils. SENSE = 4 and 6 enabled T1 mapping of three slices in a single BH, and T2 mapping of three slices within two BHs. In healthy subjects, T1 and T2 values varied. We found an average overestimation of T1 in 3 slices of 25 ± 87 ms for SENSE = 4 and 30 ± 103 ms using SENSE = 6, as compared to SENSE = 2. Acceleration resulted in decreased signal-to-noise; however, visually insignificant and without increased incidence of SENSE-artifacts. T2 was overestimated by 2.1 ± 5.0 ms for SENSE = 4 and 6.4 ± 9.7 ms using SENSE = 6, as compared to SENSE = 2. Native and post-contrast T1 measurements with SENSE = 4 and ECV quantification in HCM patients was successful.

Conclusion

The 72-channel receiver-array coil with SENSE = 4 and 6, enabled LV-tissue characterization in three slices. Pre- and post-contrast T1 maps were obtained in a single BH, while T2 required two BHs.
A correlation analysis on the postpartum anxiety disorder and influencing factors in puerperae with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zeng Xun , Yan Xiaofen , Yang Yan , Peng Zhangqing , Wei Shiyao , Chen Jinxia , Wu Fengchun , Chen Jiebing , Zhao Ming , Luo Chunqi
Published: November 2023

Objective

The aim of this study is to discuss the postpartum anxiety disorder and influencing factors in puerperae with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to provide a clinical basis for better early identification and intervention of adverse mood.

Methods

Convenient sampling method was adopted to investigate 205 pregnant women as the observation group and 201 normal healthy pregnant women in the same period as the control group. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) was used to investigate and observe the respondents, evaluate the postpartum anxiety status of patients with GDM, and analyze the related influencing factors. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SAS 3.0 software. A proposed P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results

Patients with GDM had a higher risk than normal maternal anxiety, related to years of education, triglycerides, 1-h postprandial blood glucose, and a history of induced abortion.

Conclusion

GDM can lead to the occurrence of postpartum anxiety, and the poor psychological state is not conducive to the maternal and infant health. Early identification and early intervention can reduce the harm caused by anxiety and promote the progress of maternal and infant health and clinical research.
Identification of key brittleness factors and multi-scenario analysis of the water-energy-food-ecology nexus vulnerability based on NRS-BN
Authors: Chen Yan , Pan Yue , Geng Mengya
Published: November 2023

Water, energy and food are the basic resources on which human beings depend for survival. With the intensification of human activities, the demand for resources represented by water, energy and food continues to increase, resulting in increasing pressure on the ecological environment, and the vulnerability of water, energy, food and ecosystem becomes increasingly prominent. Identifying the critical vulnerability factors of the water-energy-food-ecology nexus and formulating targeted management measures have become the key to achieving sustainable development. This paper innovatively proposes to study the water-energy-food-ecology nexus from the perspective of vulnerability for the first time, in which the vulnerability evaluation index system of the water-energy-food-ecology nexus is firstly constructed based on the VSD framework, and the attribute reduction is carried out using neighborhood rough sets. Then, a Bayesian network model is built and parameter learning is performed by combining machine learning and expert experience. Finally, different scenarios are set up to identify the key factors that hinder the vulnerability reduction of the water-energy-food-ecology nexus and obtain the vulnerability probability of the nexus under different scenarios using forward and backward inference and sensitivity analysis of Bayesian networks, overcoming the drawback that many prediction models cannot achieve diagnostic inference. The results show that: 1) from 2008 to 2019, the overall vulnerability of the water-energy-food-ecology nexus in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is low. 2) The key factors at the indicator level that hinder the vulnerability reduction of the water-energy-food-ecology nexus mainly include the storage capacity of water conservancy projects, wastewater discharge per 10,000-yuan GDP, and water consumption per 10,000-yuan GDP, and the subsystem level is water, food, energy and ecology system, in that order. 3) The reduction in vulnerability within an individual subsystem can have a beneficial impact on reducing vulnerability within the water-energy-food-ecology nexus. However, this reduction may also lead to an increase in vulnerability within other subsystems. Therefore, in the process of developing water, energy, food, and ecology system, high priority should be given to the coordinated development of all four.
Not another hillshade: alternatives which improve visualizations of bathymetric data
Authors: Novak Ana , Poglajen Sašo , Vrabec Marko
Published: November 2023

Increasing awareness of the importance of effective communication of scientific results and concepts, and the need for more accurate mapping and increased feature visibility led to the development of novel approaches to visualization of high-resolution elevation data. While new approaches have routinely been adopted for land elevation data, this does not seem to be the case for the offshore and submerged terrestrial realms. We test the suitability of algorithms provided by the freely-available and user-friendly Relief Visualization Toolbox (RVT) software package for visualizing bathymetric data. We examine the algorithms optimal for visualizing the general bathymetry of a study area, as well as for highlighting specific morphological shapes that are common on the sea-, lake- and riverbed. We show that these algorithms surpass the more conventional analytical hillshading in providing visualizations of bathymetric data richer in details, and foremost, providing a better overview of the morphological features of the studied areas. We demonstrate that the algorithms are efficient regardless of the source data type, depth range, resolution, geographic, and geological setting. The summary of our results and observations can serve as a reference for future users of RVT for displaying bathymetric data.
Life history traits and historical comparison of blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) growth performance from the western Pomo/Jabuka Pits area (central Adriatic Sea)
Authors: Calì Federico , La Mesa Mario , Donato Fortunata , Mazzoldi Carlotta , Martinelli Michela , Santojanni Alberto
Published: November 2023

Although fishing is considered the primary cause of the decline in fish populations, increasing evidence of the significant role of climate change has been provided recently in the Mediterranean Sea, which shows one of the highest warming trends in the world. In this area, the most important environmental driver is represented by the increase in seawater temperature. Though several studies have addressed the effects of sea warming on thermophilic species, little attention has been paid to cold-water species. Among these, blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) constitutes one of the most important traditional fisheries resources in the northern part of the basin, particularly in the central Adriatic Sea. This area has experienced intense fishing exploitation by the Italian and Croatian fishing fleets. Since 2015, the Pomo/Jabuka Pits area, the fleets’ main fishing ground, has been subject to a series of fishing regulations over time and space. In the present study, we investigated the age structure and growth performance (by means of otoliths) of blue whiting, comparing samples collected during 1985–86 and 2020–21 in the Pomo/Jabuka Pits. Our results show that the 2020–21 blue whiting specimens had a lower length-at-age compared to 1985–86. The asymptotic length estimate decreased from 29 cm TL in 1985–86 to 25 cm TL in 2020–21. The pattern observed might be related to a modification in the cold and dense water formation dynamics in the northern Adriatic Sea, as a consequence of climate change, resulting in higher temperatures and lower nutrient and oxygen exchange, which may have hampered the optimal growth of the species. Moreover, data on the historical trend of landings from the Adriatic Sea reveals a clear decline in catches starting from 2000 onwards. Although the introduction of a fishing ban in the Pomo/Jabuka Pits was an important milestone, the abundance of this species in the area remains at low levels, highlighting a potentially alarming situation for the stock of blue whiting in the central Adriatic Sea.
Construction of antibiotic-induced depression mice model and the function of intestinal microbiota
Authors: Deng Handan , Yu Yongjun , Sha Qi , Sun Weiyi , Liang Lundan , Ren Feier , Ji Hua , Shen Xiangdi , Fan Xingli
Published: November 2023

Many research studies focus on intestinal microbiota-related depression induced by the usage of antibiotics, but the use of antibiotics is fairly different. To construct an effective antibiotic-induced depression mice model and explore the effect of intestinal microbiota in antibiotic-induced depression, we used several kinds of antibiotic mixtures to induce mice depression and used depression-related behavioral tests and neurobiological factors to evaluate the construction of the antibiotic-induced depression mice model. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the above data, and the optimal model was selected according to the stability of the results and the simplicity of the modeling methods. Metagenomic analysis and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) of intestinal microbiota from antibiotic-induced depression mice were performed to analyze the effect of intestinal microbiota. The results showed that antibiotic mixture A (1.25 μg/mL natamycin, 5 mg/mL neomycin sulfate, and 5 mg/mL bacitracin), antibiotic mixture B (24 mg/mL bacitracin, 24 mg/mL neomycin sulfate, 9.6 mg/mL ampicillin, 4.8 mg/mL meropenem, and 1.47 mg/mL vancomycin), and antibiotic solution D (only containing 5 mg/mL neomycin sulfate) could induce depression-like behavior in mice. By using these antibiotics, the concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mice hippocampus and prefrontal cortex tissues were significantly decreased. All the above results were consistent with those of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) depression mice. The FMT results showed that fecal microbiota from antibiotic-induced depressed mice transplanted into normal mice (8 weeks-old male C57BL/6J SPF mice) also could induce depression-like behavior and cause similar changes in neurobiological factors. Metagenomic analysis showed that the community structure of microbiota in the intestinal tract of antibiotic-induced depression mice was significantly different from that in control mice, the intestinal microbiota species diversity in antibiotic-induced depression mice was lower, the lipoic acid metabolism pathway was significantly activated, and the abundance of functional gene lipA was explicitly increased. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) further verified the abundance of enriched bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of antibiotic-induced depression mice. In summary, the specific antibiotic mixtures can induce depression by causing changes in intestinal microbiota in mice. Antibiotic-induced depressed mice show differences in intestinal microbiota abundance, high enrichment of the unique metabolic pathway, and the functional gene.
Advancing animal tuberculosis surveillance using culture-independent long-read whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Ghielmetti Giovanni , Loubser Johannes , Kerr Tanya J. , Stuber Tod , Thacker Tyler , Martin Lauren C. , O'Hare Michaela A. , Mhlophe Sinegugu K. , Okunola Abisola , Loxton Andre G. , Warren Robin M. , Moseley Mark H. , Miller Michele A. , Goosen Wynand J.
Published: November 2023

Animal tuberculosis is a significant infectious disease affecting both livestock and wildlife populations worldwide. Effective disease surveillance and characterization of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) strains are essential for understanding transmission dynamics and implementing control measures. Currently, sequencing of genomic information has relied on culture-based methods, which are time-consuming, resource-demanding, and concerning in terms of biosafety. This study explores the use of culture-independent long-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for a better understanding of M. bovis epidemiology in African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer). By comparing two sequencing approaches, we evaluated the efficacy of Illumina WGS performed on culture extracts and culture-independent Oxford Nanopore adaptive sampling (NAS). Our objective was to assess the potential of NAS to detect genomic variants without sample culture. In addition, culture-independent amplicon sequencing, targeting mycobacterial-specific housekeeping and full-length 16S rRNA genes, was applied to investigate the presence of microorganisms, including nontuberculous mycobacteria. The sequencing quality obtained from DNA extracted directly from tissues using NAS is comparable to the sequencing quality of reads generated from culture-derived DNA using both NAS and Illumina technologies. We present a new approach that provides complete and accurate genome sequence reconstruction, culture independently, and using an economically affordable technique.