bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NGHIÊN CỨU QUY TRÌNH TÁCH CHIẾT POLYSACCARIDE TỔNG TỪ THÂN CÂY SÂM XUYÊN ĐÁ (MYXOPYRUM SMILACIFOLIUM WALL. BLUME) VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ HOẠT TÍNH CHỐNG OXY HÓA
Authors: Damaso Paulinea , Igbonekwu-udoji Reagan Jonasa , Lê Thị Thu Hiền , Lê Thu Thủy , Cao Hồng Lê , Lưu Hồng Sơn , Vi Đại Lâm , Nguyễn Thị Tình , Tạ Thị Lượng , Đinh Thị Kim Hoa
Published: January 2021

Sâm xuyên đá (Myxopyrum smilacifolium (Wall.) Blume) là một dược liệu quý. Tuy nhiên quy trình tách chiết chưa được tối ưu hóa. Trong nghiên cứu này sâm xuyên đá được thu mua tại xã La Hiên, huyện Võ Nhai, tỉnh Thái Nguyên. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã xác định được điều kiện tách chiết polysaccaride tổng từ thân cây sâm xuyên đá: dung môi ethanol 85%, tỉ lệ nguyên liệu/dung môi là 1/15 (w/v), thời gian tách chiết là 120 phút, nhiệt độ 90oC. Quy trình tách chiết cho hàm lượng polysaccaride tổng số đạt 93,4 (mg/g), dịch chiết cho khả năng chống oxy hóa 109,14 (µg/ml).
NGHIÊN CỨU MÔI TRƯỜNG NHÂN GIỐNG CÂY BA KÍCH (MORINDA OFFICIANALIS HOW) BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP NUÔI CẤY MÔ
Authors: Phạm Thùy Dung , Nguyễn Văn Giáp , Vũ Thị Mây , Phạm Thị Mai Trang
Published: January 2021

Cây Ba kích (Morinda officianalis How) là cây thuốc quý trong y học cổ truyền. Củ của cây Ba kích được sử dụng rộng rãi như một loại dược liệu có tác dụng bổ thận âm, bổ thận dương, tăng cường gân cốt, tăng sức đề kháng, sức dẻo dai, khử phong thấp. Dịch chiết từ củ ba kích có tác dụng giảm huyết áp, tác dụng nhanh với các tuyến cơ năng, bổ trí não, giúp ăn và ngủ ngon (Hoàng Thị Thế và cs 2013).

Để đáp ứng nguồn giống cây Ba kích chất lượng cao, số lượng lớn, đòi hỏi phải có được phương pháp nhân giống nhanh, quy mô công nghiệp, vì vậy chúng tôi đã thực hiện nghiên cứu môi trường nhân giống cây Ba kích bằng phương pháp nuôi cấy mô. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy: Môi trường thích hợp cho sự nhân nhanh chồi Ba kích là MS + 3,5 mg/l BAP + 0,2 mg/l IBA + 10 mg/l Riboflavin + 30g/l đường + 5g/l agar, hệ số nhân chồi đạt 10,14 lần. Môi trường thích hợp cho sự tạo rễ của chồi Ba kích là 1/2MS + 0,3 mg/l IBA + 30 g/l đường + 5 g/l agar + 0,4 g/l than hoạt tính, tỷ lệ chồi ra rễ đạt 100% và số rễ trung bình đạt 3,44 rễ/chồi. Tỷ lệ sống tại vườn ươm đạt 95,20%.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI METODE PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (Studi di Kelas XI IPA SMAN 1 Pandeglang)
Authors: Hartono Budi
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar Matematika melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning pada siswa kelas XI IPA SMAN 1 Pandeglang. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri atas dua siklus. Hasil evaluasi pada prasiklus menunjukkan persentase siswa yang mencapai nilai lebih dari ≥ 7,5 hanya 51 siswa dengan ketuntasan 29,41%. Dari hasil evaluasi pelajaran Matematika pada siklus satu, menunjukkan persentase siswa yang mencapai nilai ≥ 75 mencapai 52,94%, atau 92 siswa. Dari hasil evaluasi pelajaran Matematika di siklus dua, jumlah siswa yang telah mencapai ≥ 75 berjumlah 154 siswa atau 88,23%. Hasil ini menunjukkan ketuntasan secara klasikal sudah berhasil karena batas ketuntasan yaitu ≥ 85%.
PENGARUH MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL INTERAKTIF DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PRAKARYA (Penelitian di Kelas XI MA Syekh Manshur)
Authors: Hidayatullah Agus
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media audio visual interaktif dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar prakarya siswa kelas XI di MA Syekh Manshur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimen dengan desain faktorial, di mana satu variabel bebas terdiri atas dua dimensi, satu variabel moderator terdiri atas dua dimensi, dan satu variabel terikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media audio visual interaktif memberikan nilai F hitung 5,982 dan signifikansi 0,04. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan rerata hasil belajar. Motivasi memberikan nilai F hitung sebesar 12,634 dan signifikansi 0,013. Hal ini berarti terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Hasil interaksi media audio visual interaktif dan motivasi belajar memberikan nilai F hitung sebesar 25,382 dan signifikansi 0,05. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh antara media audio visual interaktif dan motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Democracy and Knowledge
Authors: Gonzalez Arocha Jorge
Published: January 2021

One of the most critical moments in the education of citizenship is literacy in political matters. Regarding that idea is that we present this critical review of the book “Democracy and knowledge.” The author presents in the first section the general information of the book. Then, he continues commenting and evaluating the contributions by chapters, as well as their scientific implications. Finally, in the conclusions, it is highlighted the variety of the text and its importance for future efforts in the field of philosophy and political science.
Detection of Kelvin-Helmholtz billows over the National Capital Region of
India using SODAR
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Soni Kirti , Agarwal Ravinder
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Kelvin-Helmholtz billows (KHB) have been investigated in the Atmospheric Boundary layer (ABL) using Mono-static SODAR (Sound Detection And Ranging) designed and developed by CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi over the capital region Delhi of India. KH billows are a primary cause of mixing in stably stratified conditions and hence have been studied widely by researchers by using ground-based and remote sensing methods. About ninety cases of KHBs observed in SODAR echograms from March 2019 to November 2019 in the ABL. Trains of K-H billows lasting from thirty minutes to various minutes were frequently detected in the lower portion of the troposphere (ABL), creating in a statically stable ABL. Most recognised billows are round the resolution limit of SODAR. Additionally, several of the cases contain billows with extremely varied amplitudes and shapes. The most significant number of episodes observed in the October months were related with the morning growth of the inversion.
ESD Ideas: The Peclet number is a cornerstone of the orbital and millennial Pleistocene variability
Authors: Verbitsky Mikhail Y. , Crucifix Michel
Published: January 2021

Abstract. We demonstrate here that a single physical phenomenon, specifically, a
naturally changing balance between intensities of temperature advection and
diffusion in the viscous ice media, may influence the entire spectrum of the
Pleistocene variability from orbital to millennial timescales.
Bioactive glass S53P4 vs. autologous bone graft for filling defects in patients with chronic osteomyelitis and infected non-unions – a single center experience
Authors: Steinhausen Eva , Lefering Rolf , Glombitza Martin , Brinkmann Nikolaus , Vogel Carsten , Mester Bastian , Dudda Marcel
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Introduction:
The goals of osteomyelitis therapy are successful control of infection and
reconstruction of the bone. The gold standard for filling defects is the
autologous bone graft. Bioactive glass S53P4 is an inorganic bone
substitute. We compared the outcome of using bioactive glass (BAG) versus
autologous bone graft (AB) in patients with infected non-union.
Methods:
Patients with chronic osteomyelitis and infected non-union who received
either bioactive glass or autologous bone grafts between 2013 and 2017 were
analyzed retrospectively. The primary endpoint was successful control of
infection during follow-up. Secondary endpoints were bone healing,
functional outcome, and occurrence of complications.
Results:
Eighty-three patients were analyzed (BAG n=51, AB n=32). Twenty-one
patients experienced reinfection (BAG n=15, 29 %; AB n=6, 19 %).
Seventy-eight patients achieved full weight bearing (BAG n=47, 92 %; AB
n=31, 97 %). Sixty-four patients had complete bone healing at the end of
the follow-up period (BAG n=39, 77 %; AB n=25, 78 %). There were no
significant differences between the groups with respect to the primary or
secondary endpoints. Patients with multidrug-resistant pathogens had a
significantly higher rate of incomplete bone healing (p=0.033) and a 3-fold
higher risk of complications in both groups.
Conclusions:
Bioactive glass appears to be a suitable bone substitute not only for
successful control of infection and defect filling but also for bone healing
in cases of infected non-union. In our study, bioactive glass was neither
superior nor inferior to autologous bone graft with regard to the primary
and secondary endpoints. Further studies with larger numbers of patients are
required.
Monitoring surface deformation of deep salt mining in Vauvert (France), combining InSAR and leveling data for multi-source inversion
Authors: Furst Séverine Liora , Doucet Samuel , Vernant Philippe , Champollion Cédric , Carme Jean-Louis
Published: January 2021

Abstract. The salt mining industrial exploitation located in Vauvert (France) has been injecting water at high pressure into wells to dissolve salt layers at depth.
The extracted brine has been used in the chemical industry for more than 30 years, inducing a subsidence of the surface.
Yearly leveling surveys have monitored the deformation since 1996.
This dataset is supplemented by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, and since 2015, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data have also continuously measured the deformation.
New wells are regularly drilled to carry on with the exploitation of the salt layer, maintaining the subsidence.
We make use of this careful monitoring by inverting the geodetic data to constrain a model of deformation.
As InSAR and leveling are characterized by different strengths (spatial and temporal coverage for InSAR, accuracy for leveling) and weaknesses (various biases for InSAR, notably atmospheric, very limited spatial and temporal coverage for leveling), we choose to combine SAR images with leveling data, to produce a 3-D velocity field of the deformation.
To do so, we develop a two-step methodology which consists first of estimating the 3-D velocity from images in ascending and descending acquisition of Sentinel 1 between 2015 and 2017 and second of applying a weighted regression kriging to improve the vertical component of the velocity in the areas where leveling data are available.
GNSS data are used to control the resulting velocity field.
We design four analytical models of increasing complexity.
We invert the combined geodetic dataset to estimate the parameters of each model.
The optimal model is made of 21 planes of dislocation with fixed position and geometry.
The results of the inversion highlight two behaviors of the salt layer: a major collapse of the salt layer beneath the extracting wells and a salt flow from the deepest and most external zones towards the center of the exploitation.
Ecological correlates of crop yield growth and interannual yield variation at a global scale
Authors: Gleiser Gabriela , Leme da Cunha Nicolay , Sáez Agustín , Aizen Marcelo Adrián
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Artificial selection and genetic engineering plus an expanding repertoire
and use of agrochemical inputs have allowed a rapid and continuous increase
in crop yield (i.e., volume production per unit area) over the last century,
which is needed to fulfill food demands from a growing human population. However, the
first signs of yield deceleration and stagnation have already been reported
for some globally important crops. Therefore, the study of the drivers of
yield growth and its variation is essential for directing research and
policies aiming at ensuring food security in the forthcoming years. We used
data on mean and variability in annual yield growth for 107 globally
important crops to assess the role of environmental (i.e., climatic region)
and plant intrinsic traits (i.e., type of harvested organ, pollinator
dependence, and life form) as drivers of change in yield growth and its
stability. We applied a comparative approach to control for biases
associated with phylogenetic non-independence among crops, an approach
rarely used in agronomic studies. Average yield growth and its variation
were not phylogenetically structured. Yield growth decreased with increasing
pollinator dependence in tree crops but not in herbaceous and shrubby crops.
Interannual yield variation tended to increase with increasing pollinator
dependence, and it was higher in crops from temperate regions, in those
cultivated for their reproductive organs, and in tree and shrubby crops as
compared with herbaceous ones. Information on ecological correlates of crop
yield growth and interannual yield variation can be used in the design of
more sustainable and diversified agriculture schemes.
An Expanded Analytical Gaze on Penal Power: Border Criminology and Punitiveness
Authors: Brandariz José A.
Published: January 2021

Border criminology authors have recently called for an expansion of criminological conceptions on penal power to include migration law enforcement devices. An amplified analytical gaze on penality is critical to challenge mainstream notions of punitiveness—an academic effort that is particularly relevant because incarceration rates are declining in many Global North jurisdictions. This paper explores various implications of this border criminology contribution to academic debates on punitiveness by investigating the interrelation of incarceration rate changes with detention and deportation data. In so doing, it contributes to the burgeoning theoretical debate on the impact of immigration enforcement policies on current penal changes.
The economic growth and affecting factors in Sumatera island
Authors: Yolanda Yolanda , Nagara Patria , Sumarni Sumarni , Efiani Efiani
Published: January 2021

The indicators of success in macro development can be measured from the economic growth, which is reflected in changes in the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The factors which affect the economic growth are very complex. This study analyzes the economic growth and the factors that affect Sumatra island. The data used is panel data with descriptive analysis techniques and multiple linear regression. Based on the research results: Education, economic openness, road infrastructure, and investment have a positive and significant effect on economic growth and poverty and unemployment have a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Besides, the results of panel data explained that the openness of the economy to economic growth is very low, while the highest is education.
The effect of working capital management, fixed financial asset ratio, financial debt ratio on profitability in Indonesian consumer goods sector
Authors: Kartikasary Metya , Marsintauli Frihardina , Sitinjak Martogi , Laurens Sebastianus , Novianti Eka , Situmorang Roni
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of working capital management, fixed assets and debt ratio on company profitability. The study uses a sample of consumer goods sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. The researchers use working capital management by the number of number of days account receivable (ARDays), the number of days Account Payable (APDays), the number of days inventory (INVDays), the Fixed Financial Asset Ratio (FA), and the Financial Debt Ratio (FD) with profitability by using gross profit (GP). Researchers used the secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) on yearly basis and process the data statistics with multiple regression by SPSS 20. The population of this research includes 54 companies and the total sample covers 46 companies by passing the purposive sampling stage. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant relationship between working capital management, FA ratio and profitability while FD ratio had no effect on profitability.
Influences of the environmental factors on the intention to adopt cloud based accounting information system among SMEs in Jordan
Authors: Alshirah Malek Hamed , Lutfi Abdalwali , Alshira’h Ahmad Farhan , Saad Mohamed , Ibrahim Nahla Mohamad El Sayed , Mohammed Fatihelelah Mohammed
Published: January 2021

The objective of this study is to examine the role of external factors including MP, CP, and NP on the intention to adopt Cloud Based Accounting Information System (CB-AIS). The study proposes a theoretical framework based on institutional theory (INT). The data were collected from small and medium sized enterprise (SMEs) operating in Jordan. A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed to selected SMEs and only 142 were returned and used for the analysis. The empirical data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM modelling. The findings showed that MP, CP, and NP had significant direct associations with the CB-AIS intention to adopt. The results provide important insights to managers, researchers and policymakers to help them understand the importance of CB-AIS adopting to enhance firm performance.
Board characteristics, ownership structures and firm R&D intensity
Authors: Chou Te-Kuang , Johennesse Lee-Anne
Published: January 2021

This study explores the impact of board characteristics and ownership structures on the strategic decisions taken for R&D investment. The study employs a sample comprising 1736 firm-year observations of 434 technological firms listed on the Taiwanese Stock Exchange (TWSE) between 2014 and 2017. Contrary to extant research, the findings reveal that board independence plays a crucial role relative to R&D intensity, as strong evidence reflects a positive and significant relationship thereon. Moreover, the empirical results demonstrate negative and significant relationships between CEO Duality, Board size (in big companies), Executive & Manager, Board of Directors and Top Blockholders; ownership structures, and firm R&D intensity. Interestingly, the ownership structure results emerging from this Taiwanese contextual study support, and are consistent with the predictions of the ‘entrenchment argument’ and are counter to the ‘convergence of interest’ argument. The findings emerging from this research provide an opportunity for further discussion and analysis regarding corporate governance principles and regulations. Firms seeking to optimize their R&D policy imperatives may benefit from such a study.
A new method to measure production spoilage and its effect on cost reduction
Authors: AL-Dahiyat Mohammad , AL-Tkryty Ismail , Jaara Bassam
Published: January 2021

The current study proposes a new method to account for production spoilage in process costing system, not previously discussed in cost accounting literature and/or textbooks. It differs from traditional methods discussed in cost accounting textbooks in determining normal spoilage units and assignment of production cost. The study used data from a real factory that makes men’s suits for January 2018 to illustrate and explain the proposed method and its impact on cost reduction. The obtained results prove the study proposition that traditional methods to account for production spoilage overstate normal spoilage cost, and hides or understate actual abnormal spoilage. The proposed method reduced normal spoilage cost by 27%, compared to traditional methods. Thus, the significant reduction in normal spoilage resulted also in a cost reduction of good units manufactured. In addition, the abnormal spoilage cost under the proposed method increased by 35% thus, it would be noticeable by management to focus on, control and eliminate. The study recommends that manufacturing firms adopt the proposed method to account for production spoilage as it is more accurate and helps management focus on production spoilage and take corrective actions to control and eliminate.
Cement industry in Chile: CBB and its look to the future
Authors: Ángeles Briones , Oliva B. Ismael , Ramírez Hernández Karla
Published: January 2021

In 2019, Cbb (previously known as Cementos Bío Bío) was one of the main companies dedicated to the production of cement, concrete and lime. It had the largest logistics coverage in Chile and the largest installed production capacity with 3.5 million tons of cement per year and a dispatch of 1.3 million tons. It employed more than 2,800 collaborators, of which 1,344 provided services as contractor companies. Its annual sales for 2019 had been 263,182 million pesos (MM $), which allowed it to generate a net operating result of MM $ 13,104 and an EBITDA of MM $ 36,321. Cbb had managed to position itself in the industry thanks to its long history in the market and its innovative vision in creating high quality products by reusing waste such as slag and ash.

Until 2010, the cement industry in Chile had had three major participants: Melón S.A., Cemento Polpaico S.A. and Cbb. All three companies operated under a traditional business model that ranged from the extraction of raw materials in their own mines to their dispatch. In 2011, Chile no longer only produced cement, but also imported it, as a result of low freight costs and lower cement prices due to overproduction in countries such as South Korea, China and Japan. These new conditions allowed other competitors to enter the industry with a different business model based on the import of cement for the production of concrete or the import of clinker (Substance obtained as a result of kiln calcination of limestone mixtures artificially prepared clays with the eventual addition of other materials) installing cement grinding plants. Clinker was one of the key raw materials that was in the middle of the cement production chain, which was obtained from the calcination of limestone. As clinker was imported, it was no longer necessary to have limestone mining deposits.

At the end of 2019, the General Manager, who had arrived at the company on January 1, 2018, had to propose to the Board of Directors the focuses to work to continue with the implementation of the Transforma 2021 Strategic Plan. The plan included a set of six initiatives with those seeking to renew the company given the changes that were already beginning to be reflected in lower financial performance. Two years after evaluating the implementation and results obtained, the General Manager sought to define the work focuses for each of the initiatives. Could changes in the industry affect a consolidated and long-standing company like Cbb? Where should you direct your effort to achieve the goals and expected results in the plan? Would the Transform 2021 Plan succeed in taking Cbb where they expected?
Medidas laborales y de seguridad social ante la emergencia provocada por el covid-19: La experiencia española
Authors: Rodríguez Cardo Iván Antonio
Published: January 2021

El covid-19 ha provocado una pandemia mundial que, además del impacto sanitario, ha menoscabado sustancialmente la situación social y económica. La repercusión en España no ha sido menor, como lo demuestra el recurso del gobierno de un mecanismo previsto en la Constitución ante situaciones de emergencia: el llamado estado de alarma, que confiere al Ejecutivo poderes extraordinarios dirigidos, en este caso, a evitar la propagación de la enfermedad. Las medidas adoptadas, aunque siempre con la finalidad de protección de la salud pública, han afectado derechos fundamentales de las personas (el confinamiento conlleva una limitación de la libertad de movimiento) y han repercutido en la marcha de la economía, por la reducción —e incluso paralización— temporal de la actividad económica de carácter no esencial. Estas medidas implicaban, por tanto, la imposibilidad de continuar prestando servicios para muchos trabajadores o cambios relevantes en las condiciones de trabajo. Por esto, el gobierno aprobó un paquete de medidas de urgencia en el ámbito de lo laboral y de la seguridad social, entre las que se incluía la promoción del teletrabajo, una mayor flexibilidad interna para facilitar modificaciones en materia de jornada y horarios, nuevos derechos de conciliación de la vida laboral y familiar, y unos procedimientos más expeditos en orden a que las empresas pudieran decidir reducciones de jornada y suspensiones de contratos por esta situación tan particular provocada por la pandemia. No cabe duda de que los poderes empresariales se han visto potenciados, ya que uno de los objetivos prioritarios de estos ajustes consistía en asegurar que la actividad económica pudiera reanudarse, en las mejores condiciones posibles, tras el estado de alarma. Ahora bien, asimismo, se introdujeron contrapesos para proteger los intereses del trabajador, como la prohibición temporal de despidos por causas empresariales o una mejora evidente de la protección por desempleo en el ámbito de la seguridad social. Este estudio trata de aportar una panorámica tanto general como sistemática sobre todas las medidas de carácter laboral y social adoptadas en España durante el estado de alarma
El dirigente universitario ante el reto de la calidad educativa en el contexto de la crisis sanitaria COVID-19
Authors: Lanuza Saavedra Emilio Martín
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se expone el papel del dirigente universitario en tiempos de emergencia, en el actual contexto como es el caso de la pandemia COVID 19, desde la perspectiva de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua UNAN - Managua. Tener un cargo de dirección representa un reto, porque significa gerenciar la institución desde una perspectiva dinámica, cambiante e integradora de la política educativa de la institución que conlleve a alcanzar los objetivos institucionales, independientemente del nivel de dirección en la que actúe y de las circunstancias que el contexto va determinando. Actualmente, para hacerle frente al desafío de dirigir una entidad educativa, es esencial el uso de la tecnología, la que facilita la comunicación entre los involucrados, disminuye el tiempo en la realización de tareas optimizando recursos, a su vez, es una herramienta básica para que docentes realicen sus actividades de aprendizaje, desde una perspectiva dinámica, creativa e innovadora a la que los estudiantes responden con entusiasmo y aceptación por ser nativos digitales, no obstante, la tecnología no lo es todo, sin duda, facilita el desarrollo de procesos, pero en primera instancia está la relación docente – estudiante y estudiante – estudiante. Finalmente, los dirigentes deberán estar preparados previendo posibles situaciones de emergencia como la actual pandemia del coronavirus, para hacerle frente con determinación, madurez y sensatez a la crisis, disponiendo de todos los recursos: humanos, financieros, materiales y tecnológicos ejecutando acciones pertinentes para alcanzar la meta propuesta que es la formación integral de los estudiantes garantizando la calidad educativa aun en medio de las crisis.
Género y Sucesión en Pymes Familiares del Norte de México
Authors: Ochoa Jiménez Sergio , Bugarin Amaya Ana Melissa , Leyva Osuna Beatriz Alicia
Published: January 2021

Con el fin de identificar la perspectiva de género durante el proceso de sucesión en las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYMES) Familiares, se aplicó un cuestionario a 52 informantes de organizaciones turísticas. Los hallazgos más relevantes evidencian que los puestos directivos son predominantemente ocupados por hombres, preferentemente si se encuentran casados y sin que el grado de estudio sea determinante. Atributos como la edad, parentesco y experiencia en áreas funcionales son considerados tanto por hombres como mujeres para la elegir al sucesor. Aun cuando para los informantes, el género, no representa un factor esencial para la sucesión, los resultados evidencian lo contrario.
Programas que desarrolla la UNAN - FAREM Chontales en cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
Authors: Briceño Moraga Roberto Ariel , Castilla Karla Patricia , Jirón Guzmán Yeisel Margarita , Espino Bravo Mirthala
Published: January 2021

De acuerdo al Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Humano (PNDH 2018-2021), Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) y Agenda 2030, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua (UNAN-MANAGUA) en su sede regional Facultad Regional Multidisciplinaria de Chontales (FAREM Chontales), ha seleccionado como área de trabajo el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible 2 Hambre Cero (ODS 2) que plantea “Poner fin al hambre, lograr la seguridad alimentaria y la mejora de la nutrición y promover la agricultura sostenible” (Publicación de las Naciones Unidas 2018:7) donde se aborda el quehacer de la Facultad en cumplimiento de los ODS en el marco de las Políticas Públicas de Nicaragua.En este marco, se analizan dos programas que está desarrollando la Facultad: el Programa Observatorio de Calidad de Vida y Desarrollo de la Educación para la Salud (OCAVIDEPS) y Universidad en el Campo (UNICAM).El programa Observatorio de Calidad de Vida y Desarrollo de la Educación para la Salud (OCAVIDEPS), es una estrategia desarrollada por la FAREM Chontales con el apoyo del Exmo. Ayuntamiento de Dos Hermanas en Sevilla, España, con el fin de hacer frente a los riesgos psicosociales y la pobreza, para atender las necesidades de la población, principalmente niños, adolescentes y jóvenes, ya que es un sector muy vulnerable y por tanto responde a factores de riesgo ambiental. Asimismo, la Facultad participa en el proyecto "Universidad del Campo" (UNICAM), que fue implementado por UNAN-Managua en el marco del programa UE ALFA. Se trata de un proyecto dirigido a los habitantes de las zonas rurales del país.
Economic Base Of Cooperation Development In Agrarian Product Market In Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Maksimov Anatoly F. , Ten Anatoly D.
Published: January 2021

The paper aims to describe the potential in building up the economic base of agricultural cooperation development in the Kyrgyz Republic, to propose an organisational and economic mechanism of cooperative relations in the Kyrgyz Republic, taking into account the complex development of agricultural production, logistics infrastructure and cooperation. Cooperation is viewed as an efficient economic mechanism to integrate small agricultural producers into the commodity distribution systems in the domestic and international agricultural food markets. Building on a review of sources describing the potential of cooperation in the modern environment, analyses of the agrarian structure and assessments of the economic base of cooperation, the paper proposes an organisational structure to navigate through the development of an effective agrarian structure, logistics infrastructure and cooperation in the Kyrgyz Republic.The paper is based on the materials from international development organisations, the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic and the findings of some researchers. The makings of the paper may be helpful summarising the international practice of development of cooperative relations, enhancement of institutional conditions and public policies of support of cooperation in the Kyrgyz Republic and should be of interest for a wide research audience in the area of agricultural cooperation.
Problems and prospects of factoring market development in Russia
Authors: Konvisarova Elena V , Pustovarov Artem , Bubnovskaya Tatiana V.
Published: January 2021

Under the conditions of the economic crisis and fierce competition, companies are able to efficiently use affordable financial resources such as factoring, which is a competitive business financing tool that meets international standards. The benefits of factoring can be seen in all participants of this service. It is beneficial for suppliers in terms of increasing sales, turnover, and reducing cash gaps. Due to the factoring, buyers obtain commodity loans and provide the optimal use of working capital. Commission merchants increase in their revenues and the number of customers, and strengthen their market positions. In the global market, an increase in factoring regardless of the presence or absence of a crisis leads to an increase in the volume of trade flows. In Russia, the popularity of the factoring is low compared to bank loans, especially among small and medium-sized businesses. The paper analyses the composition of the players in this market, examines the dynamics of the volumes of financing provided, the weighted average cost of factoring in comparison with the interest on loans, the number of participants, and financing by industry and region of the country. Based on an analysis of the current situation and long-term market data, the paper summarizes the problems of factoring in Russia, and identifies key factors for factoring market growth in the future.
Environmental Reporting and Sustainbility Reports in Oil Companies in Nigeria
Authors: Madugba Joseph U. , Ben-Caleb E. , Agburuga T. U. , Ani W. C. , Jegede S. L. , Fadoju S. O.
Published: January 2021

Environmental reporting is crucial for corporate survival as it builds corporate image, but certain procedures and regulations must be put in place to guide such reporting. Accordingly, this study examined environmental reporting and sustainability reports by oil companies in Nigeria with the aim of assessing the relationship between corporate environmental reporting and determinant of sustainability reports. Ex-post-facto and survey research design were adopted and data were sourced from structured questionnaires administered to corporate respondents and a 56 item sustainability reporting index adapted from the Global Reporting Initiative. Descriptive statistics were carried out, one way and two factors ANOVA and Post hoc test were all conducted. The study provided evidence of a positive and significant variation between corporate environmental reporting and determinants of sustainability reports in petroleum companies in Nigeria. The study recommended that management of petroleum companies should ensure compliance with corporate sustainability reporting.
Utilization of Orthobiologics by Sports Medicine Physicians: A Survey-based Study
Authors: Noback Peter C. , Donnelley Claire A. , Yeatts Nicholas C. , Parisien Robert L. , Fleischli James E. , Ahmad Christopher S. , Moorman Claude T. , Trofa David P. , Saltzman Bryan M.
Published: January 2021

Introduction:

Investigations are rapidly increasing into products referred to as orthobiologics and their utility in the nonsurgical and surgical treatment of diverse orthopaedic pathology.

Methods:

Members (599) of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine were sent a survey that assessed their usage, motivation for use, and perceived efficacy of the following orthobiologics: leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma, leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (PRP-LP), bone marrow aspirate concentrate, amniotic membrane products, adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, and umbilical cord–derived cells. Application of these orthobiologics for the following pathologies was assessed: osteoarthritis, muscle injuries, tendon injuries, ligament injuries, labral injuries, and focal articular cartilage tears.

Results:

The survey was completed by 165 respondents (27.5%), of which 66.1% reported using at least one orthobiologic in their practice. Orthobiologic users reported the following: 71.6% are increasing their use, and 23.9% advertise their use. PRP-LP is the most commonly used orthobiologic for 76.1%, with 30% of PRP-LP users reporting use due to competitor utilization. The pathology most commonly treated with orthobiologics is osteoarthritis, for 71.6% of users, who primarily use PRP-LP in the knee joint. Leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma is the most popular orthobiologic in muscle, ligament, tendon, and labral injuries, whereas bone marrow aspirate concentrate is most popular for focal articular cartilage injuries. Primary orthobiologic-eligible groups were adults and recreational noncompetitive athletes. More than half (>50%) of orthobiologic users perceived all but umbilical cord–derived cells to be efficacious.

Conclusion:

Orthobiologics are used by a significant number of sports medicine physicians and are likely increasing in popularity. Among orthobiologics, platelet-rich plasmas are the most popular, and osteoarthritis is the pathology most likely to be treated. Orthobiologics are sometimes used for reasons other than clinical efficacy, especially competitor utilization, and physicians are disparate in their application of these products.
Neurosurgical aspects of falls from flat-roofed houses
Authors: SARICA Can , YUCETAS Seyho Cem , KILINC Suleyman , AKSU Ozden , TOPCU Leyla , DOLAS Ilyas , OGUR Tanin , OZGUNDUZ Arman , UCLER Necati , OZEN Ali
Published: January 2021

Objective: This study analyzed the current incidence and characteristics of neurosurgical injuries after falls from flat-roofed houses
in Adiyaman.
Patients and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated data of 31 patients who fell from flat-roofed houses and consulted the
neurosurgery unit between January and December 2017 at Adiyaman University Hospital, Turkey. Mann–Whitney U test and
Spearman coefficient were used for statistical analysis.
Results: There were 19 male and 12 female patients [mean age, 16.8 (range: 1–78) years; <18 years = 77%]. The 2017 crude rate of falls
in Adiyaman was 5/100,000 cases. Mean fall height was 2.8 ± 1.0 (2–6) m. The number of cases is significantly higher in months with
temperature >33°C (June–September) than those <33°C (p = 0.006). The most common pathology on initial computed tomography
was isolated linear fracture (38%). Five patients (2 cranial, 3 spinal) underwent surgery. All patients, except one, reported no or
acceptable symptoms in their first outpatient clinic visit. The overall mortality rate was 0%.
Conclusion: High falls from flat-roofed houses are still a common cause of neurosurgical injury. However, the current incidence in
Adiyaman is currently not as high as the rates 20 years ago in Diyarbakir, a neighboring city with similar lifestyles.
Branded, co-packing of private label: slechts een kwestie van smaak?
Authors: Roscam Abbing Felix
Published: January 2021

Branded, co-packing of private label: slechts een kwestie van smaak?

In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de overwegingen die ten grondslag liggen aan de marktafbakening bij de productie van eigen merk (branded), co-packing (merk van een derde) en private label (huismerk). Hierbij zullen zaken en kernoverwegingen uit de beschikkingspraktijk van de Europese Commissie, de ACM en de Britse mededingingsautoriteit CMA worden besproken. Het artikel spitst zicht toe op overwegingen voor het upstream (productie)niveau aan de hand van beschikkingen inzake, met name, levensmiddelen.
Het Hongaarse banken-arrest: vlees doch vis en een eendentest voor doelbeperkingen
Authors: Elkerbout Ruben
Published: January 2021

Het Hongaarse banken-arrest: vlees doch vis en een eendentest voor doelbeperkingen

Bespreking van het Hongaarse banken-arrest van het Hof van Justitie over het concept van de doelbeperking.
Diet-Epigenome Interactions: Epi-Drugs Modulating the Epigenetic Machinery during Cancer Prevention
Authors: Eryılmaz Pehlivan Fadime
Published: January 2021

The roles of diet and environment on health have been known since ancient times. Cancer is both a genetic and an epigenetic disease and a complex interplay mechanism of genetic and environmental factors composed of multiple stages in which gene expression, protein and metabolite function operate synchronically. Disruption of epigenetic processes results in life-threatening diseases, in particular, cancer. Epigenetics involves altered gene expression without any change of nucleotide sequences, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs in the regulation of genome. According to current studies, cancer is preventable with appropriate or balanced food and nutrition, in some cases. Nutrient intake is an environmental factor, and dietary components play an importent role in both cancer development and prevention. Due to epigenetic events induce changes in DNA and thus influencing over all gene expression in response to the food components, bioactive compounds and phytochemicals as potent antioxidants and cancer preventive agents have important roles in human diet. Several dietray components can alter cancer cell behavior and cancer risk by influencing key pathways and steps in carcinogenesis, including signaling, apoptosis, differentiation, or inflammation. To date, multiple biologically active food components are strongly suggested to have protective potential against cancer formation, such as methyl-group donors, fatty acids, phytochemicals, flavonoids, isothiocyanates, etc. Diet considered as a source of either carcinogens that are present in certain foods or acting in a protective manner such as vitamins, antioxidants, detoxifying substances, chelating agents etc. Thus, dietary phytochemicals as epigenetic modifiers in cancer and effects of dietary phytochemicals on gene expression and signaling pathways have been widely studied in cancer. In this chapter, current knowledge on interactions between cancer metabolism, epigenetic gene regulation, and how both processes are affected by dietary components are summerized. A comprehensive overview of natural compounds with epigenetic activity on tumorogenesis mechanisms by which natural compounds alter the cancer epigenome is provided. Studies made in epigenetics and cancer research demonstrated that genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are not separate events in cancer; they influence each other during carcinogenesis, highlighting plant-derived anticancer compounds with epigenetic mechanisms of action, and potential use in epigenetic therapy. Recent investigations involving epigenetic modulations suggest that diet rich in phytochemicals not only reduce the risk of developing cancer, but also affect the treatment outcome.
Editor’s Note: Is It 2021 Yet?
Authors: Verbeten Sharon
Published: January 2021

By the time you get this issue, 2020 will almost be over. (Insert big sigh of relief here!) Despite the challenges this year brought, librarians rose to the challenge—providing virtual programming, recommending online resources, providing curbside service, and reaching out in other creative ways to engage families. If anything, the year made us truly reflect on just how important libraries and librarians still are—even in an increasingly technological world.
Public Awareness and Advocacy Committee: Advocacy in a Global Pandemic
Authors: Chenoweth Cassie
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken up our professional and personal lives more than anyone could have expected. There has never been a more important time to advocate for libraries, specifically children’s services. We have all learned some incredibly valuable lessons about library advocacy during this unprecedented time. The following are library advocacy tips to be used at any time, pandemic or not.
Beyond Storytime: Virtual Augmented Reality, AI, and Arts Programs for Middle Grades
Authors: Lesku Patricia , Ozirny Shannon , Zhang Wendy
Published: January 2021

When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, the West Vancouver (BC) Memorial Library was well-positioned to make the transition to a fully virtual program model—fortunate to have the support of a library foundation and to have two dedicated digital access librarians.But in this time of great transition, we were still left wondering how we were going to offer complex programs on topics like augmented reality (AR) in a virtual environment. We found great success with the Flipped Classroom model, where kids and families do some downloading, experimenting, and playing in advance.
Patrimoine vs. dziedzictwo – interculturality in French language teaching
Authors: Dryjańska Agnieszka
Published: January 2021

The subject of this paper is a corpus analysis of patrimoine in contrastive perspective with its Polish equivalent dziedzictwo within the framework of the intercultural approach in French language teaching. Its purpose will be to reveal the semantic differences and similarities of these two words in terms of the results provided by the frequency and collocation analysis based on the Polish National Corpus, the French Corpus Frantext and Corpora Collection of Leipzig University. The study showed that one of the strongest and most frequent collocations, indicated by different collocation measures, for both Polish and French, is cultural heritage (Fr. patrimoine culturel, Pl. dziedzictwo kulturowe). Typical Polish collocations are national heritage and Christian heritage, while in French these are patrimoine artistique et patrimoine touristique.
INVESTIGATION OF URBAN TEXTURE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION RELATIONSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF URBAN TRANSFORMATION: KADIKÖY CASE STUDY
Authors: BEYAZTAŞ Halil
Published: January 2021

Turkey is undergoing a major transformation process. This process, also called urban renewal, takes place at neighborhood and building (on-site transformation) scales. The literature focuses on transformation problem of the neighborhood scale; however, the characteristics of the problems associated with building scale transformation differ. One of these is texture differentiation. With the on-site renewal process, the existing urban texture and its micro-climate characteristics change. An existing low-rise building in the street is transformed and built as a high-rise multi-storey building, which shades the neighboring buildings in the texture. In this case, it can be predicted that the energy consumption performance of existing buildings will be affected. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of reconstructed high-rise buildings on existing buildings in the texture in terms of energy performance. The study area is chosen as Suadiye (Kadıköy, Istanbul) because of the high urban renewal activity. Using computer simulation methodology, the energy performance of a reference building was calculated for three texture scenarios: base situation (rural texture), 1960 urban texture and 2019 texture (after renewal). In this study, in which the building envelope is kept constant, the effect of the urban texture on the building energy consumption is clearly observed. According to the results of the study, lighting and heating energy consumption of the reference building increased during the transition from rural to 1960 texture. With the urban transformation law numbered 6306 enacted in 2012, it would be possible to save energy by optimizing the urban texture. However, in practice, it is seen that energy consumption of the reference building is increased more in the transformation from the 1960 texture to the 2019 texture. In other words, texture change has increased energy consumption. One of the goals of this high-cost transformation process, which is necessarily experienced with earthquake risk in the first place, was stated as providing energy savings. For this purpose, envelope insulation is mandatory in reconstructed buildings. However, independent of the building envelope, the characteristics of the urban texture also play an important role in energy consumption. For this reason, the optimization of the urban texture should be evaluated as a part of the transformation process and legal regulations should be implemented to support this. Potential impact analysis should be done before intervening in the urban texture.