bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formalization of system-object method of knowledge representation by calculation of systems as functional objects
Authors: Zhikharev A G , Matorin S I , Tinyakov O A , Shcherbinina N V , Migal L V
Published: February 2021

The paper considers some elements of the calculation systems as functional objects. The formal foundations of calculus of systems proposed by the authors were preceded by research on the development of a mathematical apparatus that allows formalizing the procedures for developing system-object simulation models of processes and systems. In the work, the previously developed formal apparatus is supplemented by the context operator, and some theorems related to the structural and functional characteristics of the modeled objects are formulated and proved. In particular, using the context operator, the statement is proved that the connection of a nodal object with the external environment generates the same connections of other nodal objects whose functions are realized due to the functions of the first nodal objects. It is shown that this statement is true for both incoming and outgoing connections with respect to a nodal object. Intrasystem connections are considered that are also capable of generating connections for their contextual node objects. In addition, the paper proposes a new formal record of the function of a nodal object for a situation when it is implemented due to the functions of other nodal objects. The proposed formalisms are considered on the example of a system-object model of an abstract system. In the future, based on the calculus of systems, optimization algorithms for system-object simulation models will be formulated according to various optimization criteria.
The intelligent system for monitoring and technical diagnostics of complex technological equipment in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Zelyakovskiy D V , Sineva G N , Volobuev S V , Prokofiev P V , Tokarev K E
Published: February 2021

The article considers the intelligent system of control and technical diagnostics of complex technological equipment and flexible production systems developed by the authors. The provision of automatic selection of important parameters from the entire set of input and output parameters is due to the additional training of the neural network in the process and perhaps by increasing-decreasing the number of active neurons that do not lead to deterioration in the quality of technical diagnostics, but also due to the choice of excess neurons and their activation by retraining or failure of the neurons of the network. Diagnostic systems may include sensors, a computer system, and diagnostic signal display devices. The computational part of the system can contain modules implemented with the possibility of intelligent analysis and containing a dynamic model that is implemented on a trained neural network, and a module implemented with the possibility of additional training of the neural network and the selection of active and redundant neurons.
Model of an automated decision-making support system by a municipality in public transport management
Authors: Berisheva E D , Krushel E G
Published: February 2021

The static optimization model of passenger’s transport structure of small town is described. The transport network was interpreted by an oriented graph, whose vertices correspond to stops, and the arcs - parts of highways between stops. The route of transport was supposed to be given. The passenger traffic on each arc at the current fee was considered to be know.
Transaction from informative technologies to convergent ones: basis for students’ forming foreign languages communicative competence
Authors: Nekrasova T N , Popova O V , Sukhova E A , Mashlykina N D
Published: February 2021

Information technologies became an important part of our life and education. Traditionally, these technologies are mastered in the general education course of informatics and are applied in the wide range of disciplines study in both primary and in higher education. At the same time, recently there were significant changes in the technological sphere, which also affect the education. In particular, an important area of development is “Smart education and e-learning”, their possibilities are being intensively studied all over the world. However, the most significant changes in the sphere of information technology are the process of traditional technologies convergence and the technologies new quality formation: convergence of material and information technologies, convergence of information and cognitive technologies. Convergent technologies largely determine the priority areas of the society socio-economic development. This gives the reason to talk about the expediency of their development within the framework of general education. Modern trends in the modernization of educational programs require the application of teaching a foreign language modern methods. Converged technologies play an important role in foreign language teaching and are one of the best teaching tools. The use of convergent technologies is effective in increasing the level of teaching a foreign language, developing the students’ creative abilities in foreign language classes.
Context and future directions for integrating forest carbon into sub-national climate mitigation planning in the RGGI region of the U.S.
Authors: Lamb Rachel L , Hurtt George C , Boudreau Tee Jay , Campbell Elliott , Sepúlveda Carlo Edil A , Chu Hong-Hanh , de Mooy Jennifer , Dubayah Ralph O , Gonsalves Dena , Guy Madeleine , Hultman Nathan E , Lehman Shawn , Leon Bennet , Lister Andrew J , Lynch Cary , Ma Lei , Martin Christopher , Robbins Nathan , Rudee Alexander , Silva Carlos E , Skoglund Christopher , Tang Hao
Published: February 2021

International frameworks for climate mitigation that build from national actions have been developed under the United National Framework Convention on Climate Change and advanced most recently through the Paris Climate Agreement. In parallel, sub-national actors have set greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction goals and developed corresponding climate mitigation plans. Within the U.S., multi-state coalitions have formed to facilitate coordination of related science and policy. Here, utilizing the forum of the NASA Carbon Monitoring System’s Multi-State Working Group, we collected and reviewed climate mitigation plans for 11 states in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative region of the Eastern U.S. For each state we reviewed the (a) policy framework for climate mitigation, (b) GHG reduction goals, (c) inclusion of forest activities in the state’s climate action plan, (d) existing science used to quantify forest carbon estimates, and (e) stated needs for forest carbon monitoring science. Across the region, we found important differences across all categories. While all states have GHG reduction goals and framework documents, nearly three-quarters of all states do not account for forest carbon when planning GHG reductions; those that do account for forest carbon use a variety of scientific methods with various levels of planning detail and guidance. We suggest that a common, efficient, standardized forest carbon monitoring system would provide important benefits to states and the geographic region as a whole. In addition, such a system would allow for more effective transparency and progress tracking to support state, national, and international efforts to increase ambition and implementation of climate goals.
Electricity Consumption in Construction Projects in the Czech Republic
Authors: Nový M , Nováková J
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with the development of electricity production in the Czech Republic and its consumption in the construction industry. The research specifies individual types of appliances - electric motors, lighting, heating, water heating and information technology in a selected newly constructed building. Construction machines with electric motors have been taken out of the itemized budget of the construction, their electric power input and time of their use have been determined. In order to determine other consumption, the equipment of a construction site, individual electrical appliances, their power input, number and time of their use have been proposed. Methods of consumption measuring and its division into the implementation costs of constructions in the way usual in the Czech Republic are presented. Furthermore the possibilities of optimizing electricity consumption costs within the project management by choosing a supplier and discussing other possible measures during the construction process have been considered.
Humus state of the soil under liquid manure application on Kuban rice crops
Authors: Sheudzhen A Kh , Gutorova O A
Published: February 2021

The aim of the work is to study the effect of liquid manure application on the humus regime of gleyic and chernozem soil when growing rice. On the Maryano-Cheburgolsky irrigation area of the rice irrigation system of the Krasnoarmeysky district of Krasnodar Territory, field experiment was conducted with the autumn and spring application of slurry both separately and together with the nitrification inhibitor Entec FL DMPP against the background of mineral fertilizers. Soil samples were taken before sowing, during the growing season, and after harvesting rice from the plowing layer. The content of total and water-soluble humus, total nitrogen, humus composition were determined. The redox potential was measured in undisturbed samples. Autumn and spring application of liquid manure into the soil in the amount of 30 t/ha, as well as the joint application of organic matter with a nitrification inhibitor, contributed to the preservation and replenishment of humus, improving its qualitative composition. Under their influence, the recovery processes in the soil are intensified and the content of water-soluble humus increases by 0.88-1.66 × 10-3 % C compared to the control without fertilizers and by 0.59-0.137 × 10-3 % C relative to the mineral background. The greatest effect was observed when the nitrification inhibitor was included in the slurry and applied in the autumn. The agrotechnical method contributed to an increase in humic acids in the soil and the transition of humus from humate-fulvate to humate type (CHA: CFA=2.01-2.03), humus enrichment with nitrogen (C: N decreases from 8.7-9.0 to 8.0), and increasing the mobility of water-soluble organic matter during the growing season of rice.
Thermal performance and efficiency of extruded absorber solar collector
Authors: Petrukhin V A , Veselova N M , Plotnitsky I O , Kalashnikova O V , Chernousov P S
Published: February 2021

Thermal characteristics of a solar collector are presented in the article. A collector with extruded profiles is considered as the solar collector studied model, which allows increasing the efficiency of heat transfer and reducing heat loss to the environment. The calculation showed that with the intensity of solar radiation from 450 W/m2 or more, the efficiency of using solar energy of the collector is more than 50%. The heat-storage medium heating degree in it should not be more than 30-35 °C to obtain the maximum heat output of the collector with extruded profiles. The coefficient of heat removal from the collector with a change in the arrival of solar radiation and with a change in the temperature of the heat-storage medium in the collector ranges from 0.854 to 0.877.
Kinematics loading manipulators of the parallel-to-serial structure based on a tripod
Authors: Vorob’yeva N S , Zhoga V V , Dyashkin-Titov V V , Nesmiyanov I A
Published: February 2021

Design features of manipulators of a parallel-serial structure based on a tripod are considered. kinematic diagram of a manipulator-tripod on a rotary base is presented, consisting of two series-connected manipulators - a manipulator-tripod of a parallel structure and a manipulator of a serial structure, and its configuration is considered, which is determined by solving an optimization problem from the condition of a minimum criterion of generalized energy. The sequential manipulator acts as a gripper. The number of degrees of freedom of the manipulator is seven. As actuating links, links with electric DC drive (actuators) are used. All actuators are equipped with an integrated analog displacement sensor. In the structure of the manipulator, the axes of the drive links of linear movement geometrically converge at one point by means of a spherical five-movable hinge assembly, which eliminates the appearance of bending moments in them from external loads from the side of the gripping device. The results of the implementation of the algorithm for constructing the service area of a manipulator of a parallel-sequential structure with a grip are presented.
The use of electroactivated solutions for plants phytosanitary optimization in a forest-agricultural landscape
Authors: Belitskaya M N , Gribust I R , Drevin V E , Minchenko L A , Bakradze N Yu
Published: February 2021

Electrochemically activated liquid systems stimulate biological processes of plant life, at the same time, these funds are ecologically safe and budgetary [9]. This paper presents the results of evaluating the electrochemically activated solutions use effectiveness in a forest-agricultural landscape. Pre-sowing seed treatment with the use of biologically active systems has a pronounced positive influence on the growth and development of plants. This contributes to the increase in their resistance to harmful organisms, while the reactions of harmful biota are individual: the decrease in the crops density by pests (by 20.0-78.1%) and diseases (by 76.2-92.0%) are lower in comparison with untreated ones. The combination of pre-sowing seed treatment with the treatment of vegetative plants provides a better result.
Efficiency assessment of waste filtration of motor oils over grainy partitions
Authors: Maltseva E I , Keruchenko L S , Zakharov S V
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the further use of used engine oil (UEO). The article presents the types of bulk materials that can be used for cleaning UEO. The advantages and disadvantages of ultrafiltration are considered. It is shown that the filtering material is characterized by a number of parameters that affect both the parameters of the filter and the efficiency of the process of cleaning the treated UEO. The mathematical model determining the dynamics of the filtering material capacity change is obtained. The results of theoretical study of pollution dynamics are compared with experimental studies. The obtained dependencies allow one to determine pressure losses and filter capacity for engineering calculations. The analysis of the influence of Reynolds’ criteria and homogeneity on the Euler criterion shows that with the increase of both Reynolds’ criterion and homogeneity criterion there is an increase in the Euler criterion, which indicates an increase in pressure loss on the filter due to its contamination.
Determining threshold values of operating motor oils to diagnose internal combustion engines
Authors: Myalo O V , Myalo V V , Prokopov S P , Korchagin P A
Published: February 2021

Technical fluids (engine oil, antifreeze) have to meet their requirements during the standard operating life to ensure the standard service life of combustion engine systems and mechanisms. The stability of the engine oil during engine operation depends on many factors. Motor oil touches all the processes in the internal combustion engine and can serve as a source of diagnostic information, which will make it possible to carry out maintenance and repair of engine parts as needed, to increase the reliability and durability of the internal combustion engine. The results of the oil sample analysis for each indicator allow us to draw distribution density curves for the serviceable and faulty engine condition. Following the results of the analysis, it is necessary to compare the value of the index with its threshold values, separating the zone of operation condition from the zone of the engine faulty condition. Since the number of serviceable engines under operating conditions is always greater than the number of faulty ones, at the first stage of oil quality control, it is possible to determine the threshold values of indicators separating the zone of normal wear (engine serviceable condition) from the zone of increased wear. The research has resulted in an algorithm for calculating and determining the threshold values of motor oils for tractor engines operated on farms in the Omsk region. The authors selected the values based on two oil indicators: kinematic viscosity at 1000 C and flashpoint. The distribution and probability integral of these indicators are better smoothed out by the normal Gauss law. The researchers obtained the maximum and minimum values of indicators corresponding to the 5% boundary of the probability integral.
Seed qualities variation of spring wheat grain depending on its alignment
Authors: Keler V V , Martynova O V
Published: February 2021

Choosing the optimal seed size plays a significant role in obtaining a high grain yield with excellent technological, seed and yield qualities. The obtained experimental material will allow agricultural enterprises to form batches of grain with high food and seed qualities, depending on the grain alignment. The purpose of this work was to assess the impact of seed size on seed quality indicators of soft spring wheat. The role of alignment in the formation of germination energy, growth strength and germination of soft spring wheat seeds was studied. As a result, it was found that the germination energy of spring wheat seeds reached a maximum in fractions of size from 2.5 mm to 3.0 mm and from 3.0 mm and above – 93 %. The variation of the indicator was low 8 %. The strength of seed growth was subject to a high and medium degree of variation in fractions (18-43 %). Not one of the fractions could form seeds with a growth strength of 60 % consistently. Seed germination was close to 100 % for grains with a size of more than 2.5 mm and reached a maximum for seeds with a thickness of more than 3.0 mm. The difference between the germination of the smallest fraction and the other two ones was more than 40 %, and its average value was at the level of 56 %.
Influence of various elements from cultivation technology on the buckwheat yield
Authors: Keler V V , Demeneva A A , Martynova O V
Published: February 2021

Buckwheat is a very valuable food crop, widely in demand not only in Russia, but also in the world agri-food market. Buckwheat belongs to pseudo-grain culture and is therefore of particular interest for crop rotation diversification and is suitable for organic farming. Scientists have long faced the question about the reasons for obtaining low yields of buckwheat grain with the high biological yield potential. We can talk about two groups of reasons that reduce crop productivity: the first are agrotechnical, the second are biological. Agronomic reasons are sowing buckwheat after bad and clogged previous crops, often after spring plowing, insufficient weed control before sowing, insufficient mineral nutrition, untimely sowing, poor plant care, lack of pollinators, large losses of grain during harvesting. The biological causes include dimorphism of flowers. The purpose of this work is to determine the influence of growth stimulant, fertilizer and previous crops on the buckwheat yield in Siberia. The role of adding ammonium nitrate and the use of the growth stimulant «Zerebra Agro» in the productivity formation of this crop was studied, as well as the influence of previous crops on its yield value. Six varieties of buckwheat were used as the object of research. Analysis of influence indicators in our studies revealed that buckwheat yield depends by 19% on its previous crops, by 12% on the means of intensification, by 29% on the interaction between the previous crops and means of intensification and by 39 % on unaccounted factors.
Perfection of technology of crops of seeds of water-melons in the conditions of a droughty climate
Authors: Kravchenko I A , Krasnov I N
Published: February 2021

Seeding of watermelons in the dried up soil are accompanied by a delay of shoots and even destruction of a part of plants. In an initial stage of growth and development watermelons are very water consuming. In this connection directions of scientific researches and constructive workings out on perfection of technology and means of preparation and crops of seeds of watermelons in the conditions of a droughty climate represent rather actual problem of an agricultural production.
Reserves for increasing the productivity of broilers with a large-cage method of keeping
Authors: Vyazenen G N , Natalevich L F , Razaev S V , Vyazenen A G , Barashkov A E , Pavlova E M
Published: February 2021

The paper describes the features of growing broiler chickens in conditions of large-group cage keeping at workshop No. 3 Patio of OOO Belgrankorm-Veliky Novgorod, Krestetsky District, Novgorod Region. The study used 2-start (11-20 days, granules), 3-growth (21-33 days, granules) and 4-finishing (34 days before slaughter). Broiler diets in the first period contained 1.26 MJ of metabolic energy (EE), the second – 1.28, the third – 1.30 and the fourth – 1.31 MJ (EE), crude protein, respectively (%) 22.42, 21, 49, 20.04 and 18.65. To increase the usefulness of diets and the use of nutrients and EE, the studied amino acids methionine and glycine, both individually and together in a 1:1 ratio, as well as Undevit vitamins, both individually and together with methionine in a 1:1 ratio (% by weight) were exposed to laser radiation of Hubbard broilers in the chest area through the laser beam of the spatial modulator (PM). Ozonation of air in the halls of the building and the poultry was carried out using a domestic ozonizer Rios of Dekont series (mode 3, productivity 20 g/m3). The feed conversion is quite high in 39 days of growing. The lowest consumption of feed (1.33 g/g) by production was observed in broilers of the third experimental group of the fourth scientific in0house experiment against 1.85 g/g in the analogs of the control group.
Biological diversity of non-traditional oil crops
Authors: Kshnikatkina A N , Kshnikatkin S A , Alenin P G , Shchanin A A , Prakhova T Ya , Prakhov V A , Medvedev A P , Voronova I A
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of a study of non-traditional oilseeds of the family Brassicaceae (camelina, crambe) and the Asteraceae family (safflower, ramtil) in the Middle Volga region. The crop productivity was studied, which was high and varied in the range of 1.35–2.77 t/ha. The oil content in the seeds ranged from 28.3 % in safflower to 43.1 % in crambe. The fatty acid composition of these crops is used for various applications. A high content of erucic acid of 59.3 % was noted in the oil seeds of crambe, 2.92 % in the seeds of camelina. A high content of erucic acid (58.9 %) in the oil of crambe allows it to be used for the production of biodiesel. A sufficiently high content of linolenic (35.6 %), oleic (13.7 %) and a low content of erucic (up to 3.1 %) acids allows using camelina oil for food purposes. The content of erucic acid in safflower oil is reduced to trace values 0.03 %, which allows it to be attributed to valuable edible oils. The fatty acid composition of ramtil oil seeds is represented by a high content of linoleic acid (79.3 %). Ramtil oil can be considered as a valuable source of omega-6 essential fatty acids.
Creating new varieties of vegetable peas (Pisum sativum L.) using multicomponent crossings
Authors: Pronina E P , Ushakov V A , Antoshkin A A , Kotlyar I P , Kaygorodova I M , Musaev F B , Soldatenko A V , Gaplaev M Sh
Published: February 2021

Vegetable peas (Pisum sativum L.) is an important food product containing high balanced combination of protein-carbohydrate complex, biologically active and mineral substances. The need for canned green peas in our country is not satisfied due to our own production. With the increasing competitiveness of varieties, further study and use of the potential for intraspecific hybridization is necessary. To achieve breeding goals to increase the productivity of vegetable peas, to strengthen other traits, it is important to increase the recombination of gametes from several varieties, so complex crosses are becoming increasingly important. The aim of the study is to create the source material of the early and mid-ripening groups of ripening with new economically valuable traits and to produce highly productive canned peas. For the first time, using the method of complex crosses involving geographically distant and morphologically different forms, high-quality pea varieties of canned vegetable peas were created using different ripeness groups, with an optimal combination of productivity elements suitable for mechanized cultivation technologies. The created adaptive varieties of peas of intensive vegetable type with delayed polymerization of sugars and a high content of amylose fraction in starch are competitive with foreign analogues in productivity and taste: Gribovsky jubilee, Maxdon, Corsair, Triumph, Barin.
Assessment of breeding hybrid potatoes in irrigated conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals
Authors: Mushinskiy A A , Vorontsova E S , Aminova E V , Saudabaeva A Zh
Published: February 2021

The creation of varieties with a high potential productivity and adaptability applied to the environmental conditions of a particular climatic zone is the main goal for breeding programs. The purpose of this work is studying and identifying the most adaptable hybrid materials that are most adaptable to the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals for selection, combining high productivity, resistance to major diseases with the complex of economically valuable traits. The objects of research were breeding hybrids 10.76.32; 02.40.17; 01.2.50; 01.12.51; M07.48.19; 05.57.32 and 10.02.19 obtained in the potato breeding laboratory of the South Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato. Assessment of the represented volume of samples was carried out according to the morphological characteristics of plants, productivity, marketability, starch content in potato tubers, culinary type, taste, resistance to pathogens (Erwinia carotovora atroseptica, Clavibacter michiganensis sepedonicus, Dickey pectobacterium atrosepticum, Phytophthora infestans, Streptomyces scabies, PVM, PVS, PVX, and PVY). The breeding hybrids under study significantly exceeded the variety - standard Nevsky - in terms of yield by 97-1182g per bush. The highest starch content was recorded in breeding hybrids: 02.40.17 (18.4%), M07.48.19 (18.2%), 0.1.2.50 (17.6%). In taste the highest tasting score received - M07.48.19, 02.40.17 (5 points), 05.57.32 (4.5 points), 10.02.19 (4.7 points). The culinary type assessment showed that to the salad type (preferably not fall apart) applies the selection hybrid 10.76.32. Over the years of research low susceptibility to the pathogens under consideration was possessed by the following hybrids: 01.12.51, M07.48.19 and 05.57.32.
Yield and cost-effectiveness of ORMISS-responsive pea varieties
Authors: Streltsova L G , Zhogaleva O S
Published: February 2021

The paper presents the results of the assessment of yield and economic efficiency of pea varieties that are responsive to treatment with organo-mineral stimulating compositions (ORMISS). The field experiment began in 2015-2017 on the fields of the Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University in Zernograd. For the treatment of pea seeds and plants, the ORMISS combined fertilizers – Cu/B and Cu/Mo were used at a dosage of 2 l/t and 2 l/ha, respectively. The yield was evaluated and the cost-effectiveness of various options of treatment of three pea varieties of Don breeding with these agents was calculated. It was found that all studied pea varieties were responsive to treatment and had a reliable yield increase relative to control. The maximum yield was reached when treating the Aksaysky usatyi 5 variety with ORMISS Cu/Mo – for vegetating plants (3.34 t/ha), Alliance variety – when combining pre-treatment of seeds with foliar nutrient in the 3-5 leaf phase (3.49 t/ha), when treating Ataman variety with ORMISS Cu/B – in case of two-fold out-root treatment (3.68 t/ha). The highest economic effect was obtained according to these processing options and amounted to 15620 rubles/ha in the Aksaysky usatyi 5 peas variety, Alliance – 11850 rubles/ha, Ataman – 9759 rubles/ha.
Compliance of modern agricultural tractors presented on Russian market with global emission standards
Authors: Davydova S A , Starostin I A
Published: February 2021

The paper discusses the problem of compliance of diesel engines of agricultural tractors that are available on the Russian market with international environmental regulations and standards. Based on the data presented on the official websites of agricultural machinery manufacturers, an analysis of modern domestic and foreign tractors is performed. The performed studies allow concluding that in Russia there is a serious problem associated with the mismatch of agricultural tractors available on the Russian market with the of Stage and Tier global emission standards; 87 % of domestically produced agricultural tractors correspond to low emission classes (Euro 0, Euro 2, Tier 2, Tier 3); 78 % of the examined imported models of tractors from leading world manufacturers comply with emission classes below Tier 4. Methods for improving diesel engines towards reducing the amount of harmful substance emissions into the environment are described: adjustable turbocharging, aftercooling, partial exhaust gas recirculation, electronically controlled Common Rail, and exhaust gas purification and aftertreatment systems are used.
Environmental aspects of long-term use of mineral fertilizers on leached blacksoil of the Western Ciscaucasia
Authors: Gutorova O A , Sheudzhen A Kh , Hurum H D
Published: February 2021

The research purpose consists in studying the effect of long-term use of mineral fertilizers on changes in the fertility of leached blacksoil (Grey-Luvic Chernozems) of the Western Ciscaucasia. The studies were conducted in the framework of the stationary field experiment of the Department of Agrochemistry of the Kuban State Agrarian University, founded in 1981 and occupied by crops of 11-field grain-grass-row crop rotation. Over the period of 1981-2019 years, N950P910K670, N1900P1820K1340 and N2850P2730K2010 were applied on contrasting variants with single, double and triple norms of mineral fertilizers, respectively. Comparison backgrounds are represented with initial indicators prior to the station establishment and with the control variant without fertilizers. The fertilizer system used in crop rotation supports optimal parameters of leached blacksoil fertility (pHH
2
O= 6.41-6.50; humus content – 3.50-3.58%; nitrogen content – 21.8-27.7 mg NO3/kg and 13.0-16.0 mg NH4/kg; mobile phosphorus – 155-170 mg P2O5/kg; exchange potassium – 255-266 mg κ2O/kg) and improves the physical properties of soil. At the same time, during the 38-year period of annual application of mineral fertilizers, soil acidification was recorded (hydrolytic acidity increased by 0.51-0.93 mg-eq/100 g; pHKCl values decreased by 0.30-0.38 units; pHH
2
O – by 1.20-1.33 units), while the amount of absorbed bases decreased by 10.27-12.27 mg-eq/100 g, cation exchange capacity – by 9.76-11.34 mg-eq/100 g, and the degree of soil saturation with bases – by 2.66-4.00%. Periodic monitoring of changes in agrochemical and agrophysical indicators is necessary to reduce the risks of degradation and preserve the fertility of leached blacksoil.
Analysis of water supply sources in Kormilov district of Omsk region
Authors: Kondratyeva T L , Ushakova I G , Trotsenko I A , Korchevskaya Yu V , Gorelkina G A
Published: February 2021

The article describes the sources of water supply inKormilovka district of Omsk region. The main sources of water are surface waters of the Om and Taburga rivers, lakes and artificial reservoirs, groundwater. In general, the territory of Kormilovka district lacks fresh groundwater. Currently, water is supplied by hydraulic structures on the Omriver as part of water intake and treatment facilities, water pipelines and a pressure distribution network. Water supply from underground sources is carried out from tubular wells with a depth of 5.0 - 9.0 m, from wells with a depth of 200 m and deep-water wells of about 1100 m. Water intakes from underground sources are available in almost all rural settlements, but they are used for technical and (or) economic purposes. An ecological assessment of the state of surface and underground sources isprovided. The results of an analysis of the geological and hydrogeological situation are presented. Of greatest interest are Neogene-Quaternary, Upper Oligocene-Lower Miocene and Lower Upper Cretaceous (Pokursky) complexes. According to the generalized characteristics of quality of groundwater from three underground aquifers in Kormilovka district, the most acceptable is the Pokursky aquifer, since itsgroundwaters are less mineralized, softer, more protected, and, consequently, their microbiological and parasitic indicators comply with the sanitary standards. When using both surface and groundwater for household and drinking purposes, it is environmentally safe for the population only after adjusting such indicators as turbidity, color, chlorine, iron, and dry residue content and bringing the microbiological indicators to SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 and SanPiN 2.1.4.544-96.
Priorities and strategies for the development of the agroindustrial complex of the Rostov region
Authors: Kurochkin V N , Shcherbak N A , Nazarenko S A
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of research on priorities and strategies for the development of the regional agro-industrial complex. The research is based on actual materials on planning and management of the agro-industrial complex of the Rostov region of the Russian Federation. The analytical analysis has been carried out on the basis of regional development patterns, organization laws and the theory of planning and forecasting. In contrast to the dominant methods of spontaneous market regulation of agricultural production, it is proposed to use strategic management methods based on the identified priorities and the methods of economic stimulation of agro-industrial clusters development. Application of these methods will increase the efficiency of the region’s agro-industrial complex.
Ventilation of grain in metal silos of large capacity in the South of Russia
Authors: Kechkin I , Ermolaev V , Ivanov M , Yakovchenko M , Gurkovskaya E , Glebova I
Published: February 2021

The peculiarity of grain storage in the South is that it is required to supply a standard air volume of at least 10 m3*h/t to a silo filled with a formed batch of grain during ventilation. It is not possible to meet this requirement under the existing condition of the silos. The silos are not equipped with air flow control devices, they are equipped with ventilators with different characteristics, that have different designs and sizes of devices for air movement. There are cases of ventilation with minimal volumes of air supply, which contribute to the development of storage molds that degrade the quality of the grain. Fulfillment of the recommendations and installation of additional equipment on a large-capacity metal silo allows for the supply of the standard volume of air to the grain layer in any silo, regardless of the configuration and design features and thermos-physical parameters of the air inside the large-capacity metal silo. When the air parameters inside the silo change, active ventilation of the grain throughout the entire ventilation period and an increase in the values of relative humidity and air temperature in the intergranular space of the upper grain layer and in the over-granular space occur, the ventilation must be stopped. An increase in the values of relative humidity and temperature in the upper layer of the grain and in the above-grain space occurs due to the transfer of heat and moisture from the deep layers to the upper part of the silo.
Influence of natural and technogenic factors on the complexity of construction of timber highways
Authors: Kozlov V G , Skrypnikov A V , Samtsov V V , Nikitin V V , Boltnev D E , Borovlev A O
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the issues of assessing the possibility of road construction using engineering-landscape zoning. The complexity of the conditions for the construction of a lumber road, the value of agricultural land and territories of various economic uses, and the location of territorial complexes are determined. The dependence for calculating the total unit cost of road construction is presented. The work has shown a correlation analysis, which made it possible to establish the most important characteristics of the components of the geographic environment, which affect the complexity of the construction of a timber haul road by type of cost. The graphs characterizing the changes in the cost of expenses by type of work are presented, depending on the characteristics of the relief, water erosion, types of soil, population density. Using the dependence graphs, it seems possible to determine the basic cost of building one kilometer of the road by type of work. The basic cost is determined by the dependence that has a greater correlation ratio.
Medical Waste Processing Planning on Hospital Ship 124 M
Authors: Jumineti D , Santoso A , Mardianto
Published: February 2021

Indonesia is an archipelagic country which has 16,056 islands in 2018. One of the efforts to equalize health facilities in archipelagic areas and accelerate the delivery of health facilities when disasters and accidents occur using hospital ships. The operation of hospital ships will produce hospital waste that needs to be treated to reduce the adverse impact on the environment. Some hospital wastes that are toxic in nature are categorized as B3 waste (Hazardous and Toxic Materials). This waste treatment needs to be regulated so that the ship’s medical area and the ship’s operational environment remain healthy, clean and well-maintained. In this study, it is planned to treat hospital ship waste starting from the grouping of waste in the medical area, calculating the amount of waste generated, diagrams of waste treatment to produce a standard operating procedure that is acceptable and applied according to the analysis on the hospital ship. This research was conducted by making a numerical model based on hospital ship data on the BRS (Bantu Rumah Sakit) ship which is currently still under construction at PT PAL Indonesia (Persero). The results of the calculation of medical waste obtained in this study were 318 kg / day with details of non-infectious waste 254.4 kg / day, sharp object waste 3.18 kg / day, chemical and pharmaceutical waste 9.54 kg / day, pathological waste and 47.4% infectious and 3.18 kg / day of broken tube and thermometer waste. Based on the results of this calculation, a suitable waste treatment design and SOP are made that can be applied to the BRS ship.
Standardization of 30 Gross Tonnage (GT) Danish Seiner
Authors: Pamungkas R S , Purwanto H , Sunardi
Published: February 2021

Cantrang – Danish Seiner is growing rapidly in the north coast of Java Seas-Fisheries Management Area 712. In recent year, there have been many issues regarding the prohibition operation of seiner fishing gear impact sustainable fisheries, Cantrang owners and fishermen livelihood due to the regulation of fishing gear and the mark down of Gross Tonnage measurement. This research attempt to obtain preliminary data on Danish seiner operating in Indonesia, as set base design for 30 GT Danish seiner standard includes the scope of the principal dimensions of the seiner, main engine powering and the layout of deck for fishing operations. The method uses purposive sampling of 30 GT Cantrang, number of population 148 Cantrang of 30 GT at 4 regencies; Tegal, Batang, Rembang and Pati. The result of this research are the main measurement value - the ratio of principal dimension, main engine power, and deck area and Cantrang Danish seiner operation. The standardized 30 GT Cantrang has the following maximum main dimensions: Length (L) = 18.21 meters, Width (B) = 6.58 meters and Deck Height (D) = 2.00 meters with L / B ratio = 3.29-3.33, L / D = 11.2 - 2.74, B / D = 3.96-4.26. The main engine power 1 engine 160-190 HP and for 2 engines 2 × 120 HP. The deck area of 70-80 m2 significantly impacts Cantrang fishing gear operation
CFD analysis of the increase in ship resistance due to biofouling growth represented by roughness length scale
Authors: Regitasyali S , Hakim M L , Utama I K A P
Published: February 2021

Fuel consumption is heavily influenced by ship resistance, which mostly consists of friction resistance. During her operation, a ship is susceptible to the attachment of biofouling to its hull. The arbitrary form of biofouling induces an increase in surface roughness, which is responsible for the increase in friction resistance. This research analyses the increase in skin friction resistance due to biofouling, that is represented by a few variations of roughness length scale, in various orders throughout the models. Two-dimensional models of flat plates are utilized to investigate this issue by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. This study uses models with 0.56 m length to be tested in five Reynolds numbers, to be compared to a similar experiment conducted by using wind tunnel. Other models include 30 m and 60 m length to be tested in two Reynolds numbers each. It is found that the increase in skin friction reaches 3.5 – 31.4% for 0.6 m, 68.1 – 206.9% for 30 m with extreme regular roughness and 117.3 – 129.3% for 30 m with extreme irregular roughness, and 59.5 – 179.6% for 60 m with extreme regular roughness and 123.5 – 128.9% for 60 m with extreme irregular roughness.
Numerical Analysis of the Resistance Force of Floater of Wave Glider and Flapping Motion of Single Wave Glider NACA-0012 Foil
Authors: Erwandi  , Widodo
Published: February 2021

In 2020, the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology – Indonesia (BPPT) is designing wave glider systems for Tsunami Early Warning System. The wave glider systems consist of two components, the floater at the water surface and the wave glider submerged 2 meters or more below the water surface. Wave glider contains several foils that can flap up and down due to the heave and pitch motion of the floater so that the system affords the force to move forward. This paper describes the numerical analysis of the resistance of floater and the selection of the pivot position of the foil where it flaps. The speed of the floater is set from 0.3 m/s up to 1 m/s. NACA-0012 is selected as the first choice of the foil. It flaps in pure pitch motion and coupled pitch and heave motion in the different pivot positions. The flapping frequency is set to 0.1 Hz since the peak period of the wave about 10 seconds. The surge forces due to the flapping motion are then analysed to determine the best position of the pivot. The numerical simulation shows that the pivot position at 2.5% - 5% of chord length from the leading edge of NACA-0012 generates the optimum surge force.
Study of the Interceptors Effect on Ship Manoeuvrability Using the Open Free Running Test Method
Authors: Hafiz M A , Sulisetyono A , Baharuddin A
Published: February 2021

Interceptors are plates that are attached to the stern of the ship to produce lift that controls the trim angle of the ship. This paper describes the use of interceptors on the fast boat to enhance its ability to perform the turning manoeuvre. The ship model of High-speed crafts (HSCs) with a scale of 1: 26.9 is tested in an open pool with the open free running test method, namely the movement of the model is controlled from the edge of the pool with a remote control. The ship trajectory data is obtained by using the colour object tracking method, that is, the ship trajectory captured by the camera is processed based on colour filters. The main concern is the varying dimensions of the interceptor including 0% (no interceptor), 50% (half length), and 100% (full length) of the design cord length. The initial trim conditions are examined, such as even keel, trim by bow, and trim by stern with a trim angle of 2 degree. The test results show that the interceptor contributed to improve the manoeuvrability of the boat by decreasing the tactical diameter length respectively at half and full length of the cord by 8.8% and 17.9% in even keel, 6.3% and 15% in bow trim, and 12.9% and 14.8% in stern trim.
IUU fishing and transhipment identification with the miss of AIS data using Neural Networks
Authors: Masroeri A A , Aisjah Aulia Siti , Jamali Muhammad Mukhlis
Published: February 2021

Exploitation of maritime natural resources in Indonesia is still widespread. Efforts to monitor illegal fishing and transshipment practices are still less than optimal due to the limited ability of monitoring instruments. The loss of automatic identification system (AIS) data has an impact on weakness in the ship’s motion monitoring system. The weakness of the system in the previous research, without regard to data losses so that in real identification of illegal fishing and transshipment, it becomes less accurate and valid. Losses data it means as missing of some the data in along ship trajectory. This research designs system integration with predictor to identify the occurrence of illegal fishing and transshipment in the presence of missing AIS data. Predictor are designed using recurrent neural networks (RNN) and system integration is designed using artificial neural networks (ANN). Predictor and system integration are simulated, tested and validated using data of real ship that committed illegal fishing and transshipment. Data achieved from the marinetraffic.com and NASDEC-ITS data centers. The validation results show results from the predictor can be used as input for system integration and system integration, and it has a high accuracy.
Performance of Rescue Boat Operation when Operated in Waves
Authors: Utama I K A P , Aliffrananda M H N , Sulisetyono A , Setyawan D , Suastika I K , Utama D , Aryawan W D , Hermawan Y A
Published: February 2021

Search and rescue operations, especially in ship accidents, require speed and reliability from the rescue vessels in facing the challenges of extreme weather and sea waves. A rescue boat hydrodynamic performance study is very important to do to determine the ship’s ability to withstand dangerous conditions while operating. Therefore, a rescue boat design is needed that is capable of high acceleration and can penetrate various extreme sea condition. Three rescue boat hull models have been developed to obtain the hull model with the best seakeeping performance. A numerical arrangement based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques is used to predict seakeeping behaviour from three rescue boat hull model in wave. Three-dimensional diffraction panel method uses as a CFD solver method to predict the seakeeping performance of rescue boat high-speed operation in wave. From the study results, it was found that the first rescue boat hull model had a good seakeeping performance compared to other hull models.
Trip Planning Support Ship Mockup Design: A Case Study of Pioneer Ship Services in the Maluku Islands
Authors: Nugroho S , Makatita M G
Published: February 2021

The process of mobilizing passengers and goods on more than five hundred islands in Maluku Province uses pioneer shipping where the route is regulated by the government to serve areas that are not reached by modern commercial ships, including: outermost, remote, border, and disadvantaged areas. The condition in which one port serves ten islands makes the impact of information availability very large, it was known in previous research by Kelwulan, 2019 [5]. Explain that the impact of information uncertainty causes additional costs that are 2-3 times the cost of transportation itself. This research was conducted to analyze and design support for the planning of pioneering ships. ITS Architecture or also known as Telematics Architecture is an intelligent transportation system where one of its basic objectives is information management by utilizing information and communication technology as a tool for making transportation systems that can manage data from pioneering shipping.