bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pozytywna autoprezentacja jako sposób uwiarygodnienia własnej osoby
Authors: Pstrąg Jakub
Published: November 2021

Positive Self-presentation as a Way to Authenticate Oneself The article presents an analysis of public speaking in terms of the style of revealing emotions, from self-promotion to self-presentation. Performers show their (desirable) features, building their image and identity, but at the same time they influence decisions of the recipients. Self-presentation behaviours include all activities, both verbal and non-verbal, which, in addition to the persuasion potential, build a positive self-image of the sender and increase his/her attractiveness in the eyes of the interlocutor. The author of the article discusses some examples of such behaviours based on statements and gestures of public figures recorded during television programs, which are perceived as signals and indicators of interpersonal attitude and reactive behaviour.
Germanizmy emotywno-oceniające w gwarach kujawskich: nazwy osób
Authors: Sawaniewska-Mochowa Zofia , Siewert-Kowalkowska Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

Emotive-Evaluative Germanisms in the Kuyavian Dialect: Names of Persons The article contributes to the knowledge on the sources of lexical borrowings from German into Polish dialects. The subject of the analysis includes selected names of persons that are Germanisms, characterized by expressiveness, and documented in the Kuyavian dialect. The vocabulary of this region has never been studied in this aspect. The material was taken from the 1st Volume of The Dialect and Culture Dictionary of Kuyavia, and from its file. The term “Germanism” is understood broadly in this paper. Germanisms are considered not only as proper borrowings from the German language and dialects, but also as derivatives which were created in the native Kuyavian land on the basis of German original forms, using various nominative techniques. Four ways of penetrating the German influence into the Polish language were indicated. Various criteria were used in the analysis of these German loans: formal, etymological, semantic and geographical ones. A typology of expressivisms, developed by Stanisław Grabias, was utilised. The article presents seventeen Germanisms in the Kuyavian dialect that define a man in terms of his physicalness, psyche and material status, in the context of the comparison with the semantically similar vocabulary in other regions of Poland and with non-general varieties of Polish. These are names that mostly reflect negative valuation (e.g. gałgan, fagas, huncwot, rojber, ekensztyjer, lofer, lump), and that are already present in the meanings and expressiveness of the German basic forms.
Konceptualizacja nadziei w metaforach pojęciowych w wypowiedziach pacjentów chorych na nowotwór złośliwy na tle wypowiedzi osób zdrowych
Authors: Stankiewicz Alicja
Published: November 2021

Conceptualization of Hope in Conceptual Metaphors in the Statements of Patients with Malignant Tumor and Healthy People The article presents the results of analyses of language structures obtained from blog texts, divided into two parts: research group and control group. The analyses aimed at checking which metaphors are used to conceptualize hope among people with cancer and healthy people, and to identify differences in the conceptualization of this feeling. The difference is in the attitude of the conceptualising people: patients describe themselves more often as passive participants in events, and they usually borrow hope from others, while healthy people are more active. The issue of the influence of individual contextual factors on the formation of metaphors is also very interesting.
Brand Spillover as a Marketing Strategy
Authors: Wu Xiaole , Zhang Fuqiang , Zhou Yu
Published: November 2021

When a weak-brand firm and a strong-brand firm source from a common contract manufacturer, the weak-brand firm may advertise this relationship to promote its own product. This paper investigates whether the weak-brand firm should use such brand spillover as a marketing strategy and how this decision depends on the firms’ characteristics and market conditions. We develop a game theoretic model consisting of one contract manufacturer and two firms with asymmetric brand power. The contract manufacturer determines the wholesale prices for the two firms and then each firm decides whether to source from the contract manufacturer. If both firms outsource to the contract manufacturer, then the weak-brand firm may choose whether to promote its product through brand spillover. Although brand spillover improves the attractiveness of the weak-brand firm’s product at no cost, we find that the weak-brand firm should not use brand spillover if (1) its original brand power is sufficiently low or (2) the contract manufacturer does not have a significant cost advantage. Interestingly, the adoption of brand spillover by the weak-brand firm can benefit all three parties under certain circumstances. Nevertheless, when the contract manufacturer has a significant cost advantage, in equilibrium the strong-brand firm will be hurt by brand spillover and hence should take actions to prevent it.

This paper was accepted by Dmitri Kuksov, marketing.
Construção e validação de um material educativo como estratégia de promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável na Atenção Básica
Authors: Calderoni Thainá Lobato , Ribeiro Yasmin Garcia , Carvalho Mônica Ferôni de , Accioly Elizabeth , Sperandio Naiara , Capelli Jane de Carlos Santana
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Os materiais educativos e didáticos distribuídos na Atenção Básica constituem importantes estratégias de promoção da saúde e de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional. Objetivo: Apresentar o processo de construção e validação de um material educativo sobre a alimentação de crianças menores de dois anos, dirigido aos profissionais de saúde. Método: Realizou-se estudo quantitativo com delineamento estruturado em duas etapas: construção e validação do material educativo. O processo de construção do material educativo se deu a partir da revisão da literatura e das atividades práticas desenvolvidas com mães e profissionais de saúde das unidades de saúde no município de Macaé-RJ. Na validação, o material educativo foi encaminhado por e-mail aos especialistas e, da mesma forma, após ajustes, enviado aos juízes. Calcularam-se as médias aritméticas, tendo como ponto de corte a nota ≥7 de cada item para verificar a importância/adequação atribuída e os desvios-padrão, tendo como ponto de corte o valor <3 para estimar o grau de consenso entre os especialistas e juízes. Resultados: O miniguia apresenta três módulos temáticos: Aleitamento materno, Alimentação Complementar partes 1 e 2. Na validação pelos especialistas, a média(±DP) foi 8,5(±1,2), sendo o material considerado importante/adequado e consensuado por todos; pelos juízes, a média(±DP) foi 9,9(±0,3), sendo considerado importante/adequado e consensuado por todos. Conclusão: O miniguia foi considerado “importante/adequado” e consensuado pelos avaliadores.
O Projeto de Desintegração do Foro para o Progresso e Integração da América do Sul (Prosul): um Bloco de regressividade autônoma | The (Dis)Integration Project of the Forum for the Progress and Development of South America (PROSUL): a regressive autonomy block
Authors: Viégas Willyan Alvarez , Rodrigues Bernardo Salgado
Published: November 2021

A segunda década do século XXI apresentou um cenário de fragilidades socioeconômicas com sucessivas crises políticas, ampliando a vulnerabilidade externa e a incapacidade estatal de planejamento na América do Sul. No plano regional, constata-se a proeminência da fragmentação, do regionalismo aberto e da retomada de projetos hemisféricos e/ou tratados de livre-comércio. O presente artigo possui o objetivo de ensejar o debate da integração sul-americana na década de 2020, a partir das experiências políticas deste início de século. Utilizando o método qualitativo da análise de documentos oficiais do embrionário Foro para o Progresso e Integração da América do Sul (PROSUL), a hipótese central é de que este novo bloco consiste numa tentativa de substituir o modelo prévio de integração autônoma por uma integração conservadora alinhada aos interesses liberais e estadunidenses. Por conseguinte, conclui-se que a América do Sul vem sendo afligida por um processo de desintegração regional.Palavras-chave: integração regional; América do Sul; PROSUL.ABSTRACTIn the second decade of the 21st century, South America presented socioeconomic fragilities with successive political crises, increasing the external vulnerability and the state's incapacity for planning. At the regional level, it was verified the prominence of fragmentation, open regionalism and the resurgence of hemispheric projects and free trade agreements. This article aims to promote the debate on South American integration in the 2020 decade, based on the political experiences of the beginning of this century. By Using the qualitative method of analyzing official documents of The Fórum para o Progresso e Integração da América do Sul (PROSUL), this article presents as its central hypothesis that this new block consists in an attempt to replace the previous model of autonomous integration with a conservative integration aligned to liberal and American interests. Consequently, this research concludes that there is a process of regional disintegration affecting South America in the last years.Keywords: regional integration; South America; PROSUL. Recebido em: 02 abr. 2021 | Aceito em: 05 out. 2021.
A Instrumentalização das Fake news nas Guerras Híbridas: uma análise a partir do Golpe na Bolívia (2019) | The Instrumentalization of Fake news in Hybrid Wars: an analysis based on the Coup in Bolivia (2019)
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Maria Beatriz , Carbone Anversa Ana Elisi , Delgado De David Thomaz
Published: November 2021

Considerando as transformações do capitalismo e a reconfiguração do imperialismo, as Guerras Híbridas surgem no século XXI como parte de uma nova estratégia para a desestabilização política da periferia global. Sua tática mescla diferentes tipos de ataques, inclusive virtuais, com a finalidade de destituir governantes e realinhar politicamente os países atingidos aos interesses do centro global, especialmente dos Estados Unidos. À vista disso, o presente artigo objetiva identificar como as fake news foram instrumentalizadas na Guerra Híbrida contra a Bolívia, que culminou na renúncia do então Presidente Evo Morales, em 2019. Para tanto, emprega-se o método de abordagem materialista histórico-dialético, o método de procedimento histórico e a técnica de pesquisa documental. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a instrumentalização das fake news ocorreu de maneira sistemática, manipuladora e impactou a ocorrência do golpe em um contexto de Guerra Híbrida.Palavras-chaves: Guerras Híbridas; Bolívia; Estados Unidos.ABSTRACTConsidering the transformations of capitalism and the reconfiguration of imperialism, the Hybrid Wars emerge in the 21st century as part of a new strategy for the political destabilization of the global periphery. Its tactic mixes different types of attacks, including virtual ones, with the purpose of removing governors and to politically realign the affected countries to the interests of the global center, especially of the United States. Considering this, the present article aims to identify how fake news were instrumentalized in the Hybrid War against Bolivia, which culminated in the resignation of then President Evo Morales, in 2019. In order to that, the historical-dialectical materialist approach is employed, as well as the historical procedure method and the documentary research technique. The results obtained indicate that the instrumentalization of fake news occurred in a systematic and manipulative way and impacted the occurrence of the coup in a Hybrid War context.Keywords:  Hybrid Wars; Bolivia; United States. Recebido em: 10 jun. 2021 | Aceito em: 19/09/21.
ESTADO DA CONSERVAÇÃO AMBIENTAL DAS PASTAGENS DA MUNICIPALIDADE DE ARAPUTANGA-MT, BRASIL
Authors: Perlandim Ramos Alexander Webber , Dos Santos Galvanin Edinéia Aparecida , Vieira Xavier Fernanda , Ferreira Batista Viviane , Batista Soares Bárbara Regina , Ruchkys de Azevedo Úrsula
Published: November 2021

O escopo deste trabalho é caracterizar os níveis de degradação das áreas de pastagem do município mato-grossense de Araputanga. Considera-se que o apontamento e o diagnóstico do estado de conservação ambiental das pastagens na municipalidade se mostram importantes e necessários a fim de gerar dados e informações e colaborar com subsídios que possibilitem ampliar as discussões pertinentes ao planejamento ambiental. Por meio de Sistema de Informações Geográficas foi efetuada a análise e delimitação das áreas de pastagem e gerados os dados para caracterização dos níveis de degradação via aplicação do Índice de Degradação de Pastagem. No município 36,24% das pastagens apresentaram-se fortemente degradadas, 22,36% modernamente e 21,18% levemente. Apenas 20,22% não apresentam nenhum nível de degradação. Constatou-se que no município a degradação das pastagens é influenciada pelo tipo de solo, caracterizado por alta erodibilidade natural, principalmente os Luvissolos associados a relevos planos/ondulados, mas que tendem a ser fortemente marcados por erosões laminares, sugerindo-se o estabelecimento ou ampliação de práticas conservacionistas e a recuperação das áreas degradadas, visando o restabelecimento da produtividade, para que não seja necessário a ampliação do pasto, implicando na incorporação de novas áreas, principalmente aquelas recobertas com vegetação natural.
Leitura na tela por estudantes do 5º ano: reflexões acerca da constituição de um leitor digital
Authors: Ramos Flávia Brocchetto , Boeira Adriana Ferreira , Rela Eliana
Published: November 2021

Este artigo discute e problematiza o entendimento sobre leitura de estudantes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola particular, situada no município de Vacaria-RS, bem como apresenta os sites preferidos dos interlocutores, a fim de buscar evidências sobre a constituição de leitores digitais. A investigação apoia-se, em especial, nas reflexões de Larrosa, Chartier, Santaella e Cameira e Cardoso acerca da leitura e dos leitores. A abordagem metodológica é empírica, de caráter qualitativo, sendo o corpus composto pelos enunciados produzidos, por vinte estudantes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Aponta-se que a leitura por meio do jogo digital representa um desafio ao leitor e pode possibilitar ao leitor apropriação, invenção, produção de significados e sentidos ao hipertexto.
Invenções na/da escola: massinha, estética e negociações
Authors: Da Silva Bianca De Menezes Castro
Published: November 2021

O cotidiano na\da escola fugaz e aiônico, posicionado pelas crianças, está expresso neste artigo que tem como objetivo sentir a dimensão das relações estéticas na elaboração das aulas e horizontalizar os saberesfazeres tecidos pelos corpos no currículo praticado. Nesse sentido, a metodologia utilizada é da práticateoriaprática, ou seja, as práticas que forem surgindo pelas alunas e pelos alunos serão dialogadas com autores que ajudem a questionar a prática educativa para que, posteriormente, possamos criar novas práticas em decorrências dos desejos e confrontos. Uma aula feita na escola pública, situada na zona oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, com crianças do quarto ano, coloca em jogo a lógica da ruptura cotidiana que proporciona outras possibilidades na sala de aula, com práticas instintivas e pensadas das crianças como: pintar, bagunçar, experimentar e criar,  movimentamos a obra estética do currículo feito no dia a dia. Portanto, vemos as pistas éticas e estéticas para a democratização microbiana das escolas que são feitas nas alteridades infantis.
Um olhar sobre a educação no campo: o projeto político pedagógico da Escola Estadual Professor João Florentino da Silva Neto, na cidade de Cáceres-MT
Authors: De almeida Leandro , Romanowski Joana Paulin
Published: November 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os reflexos e contribuições do Projeto Político Pedagógico na educação do campo, analisando em que medida tem ajudado a reforçar a identidade dos seus educandos enquanto sujeitos do campo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que, no contexto da Educação do Campo foi realizada uma pequena abordagem acerca da classe multisseriada e construção de Identidades. Nesse sentido, tratou-se do Projeto Político Pedagógico a partir do entendimento teórico das Diretrizes Operacionais da Educação Básica do Campo – DOEBC, a qual aponta a necessidade da valorização da identidade camponesa, cultural e trabalhadora dos alunos do campo por meio de Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos com conteúdos curriculares e metodologias adequadas às reais necessidades desses alunos. Para tal, foi traçada uma leitura do PPP da Escola Estadual Professor Joao Florentino da Silva Neto, na cidade de Cáceres-MT, como parâmetro afirmativo de uma proposta de educação do Campo.
O desenvolvimento de uma pedagogia narrativa no Brasil: as contribuições de Paulo Freire
Authors: Morais Joelson De Sousa , Martins Helen Arantes , Bragança Inês Ferreira de Souza
Published: November 2021

Tecemos uma reflexão de abordagem teórica bibliográfica neste texto, com o objetivo de compreender o pensamento de Paulo Freire no contexto de uma pedagogia narrativa no Brasil. As ideias partem de reflexões das obras Pedagogia do Oprimido, Pedagogia da Autonomia e Educação como Prática de Liberdade de Paulo Freire (2013; 2014; 1996) em articulação com Josso (2010), Bragança (2018), Passeggi (2011; 2016), e outros. O objetivo é fazer um diálogo entre os autores operando sobre a pedagogia narrativa como uma prática da liberdade. Interrogamos saber as políticas de formação e suas contribuições na construção da formação de professores. Os resultados mostram que uma pedagogia narrativa com que Freire empreendeu, representou um “divisor de águas” no campo da formação de professores, e que se reverberou um diferentes correntes epistemológicas, como na tessitura das pesquisas em educação, e na consequente ampliação do campo das narrativas (auto)biográficas na educação e em outras áreas do conhecimento. Seu legado é inestimável para a sociedade brasileira, permeando diferentes temporalidades e alcançando várias outras gerações de professores pesquisadores narradores na formação humana.
Paulo Freire e a Pesquisa Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica: diálogos entre leitura do mundo, de si e de trajetórias de formação
Authors: Henriques Eda De Oliveira , Guimarães Heriédna Cardoso , Rodrigues Verônica Fabiola Neves
Published: November 2021

Este texto dedica-se à tessitura de um diálogo entre o potencial investigativo e formador das narrativas no âmbito da Pesquisa Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica, e o que Silva, no prefácio da quinquagésima primeira edição do livro A Importância do ato de ler de autoria de Paulo Freire, vai chamar de uma epistemologia da leitura. Para compor a tessitura dialogal entre os escritos de Paulo Freire e Pesquisa Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica recorremos à proposição freiriana de leitura de mundo e leitura da palavra e as contribuições da Pesquisa Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica que busca atribuir valor de conhecimento à subjetividade, compreendendo a partir das narrativas das histórias de vida e formação dos sujeitos as referências ao mesmo tempo singulares e sociais que compõem seus processos de formação. Compomos o texto em três partes que acompanhadas da introdução e considerações finais apresentam a ideia de leitura em Paulo Freire, a Pesquisa Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica como perspectiva de produção de pesquisas em educação e formação de professores, e a escrita dos memorias de formação como um dos possíveis, dentre outros, modos de conexão entre a leitura de mundo, da palavra e de si nos processos de formação. A construção desse diálogo é enriquecedora para a Pesquisa Narrativa (Auto)Biográfica e amplia as ressonâncias entre a obra de Paulo Freire e seu caráter plural, não dicotômico, entre vida e obra, entre texto e contexto.
Development and Validation of HPLC Method for the Quantification of Atorvastatin in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Biological Fluid
Authors: Haque SK Manirul
Published: November 2021

A reverse phase HPLC method was developed for the determination of atorvastatin. The mobile phase involved for the separation was phosphate buffer and acetonitrile with a ratio of 10:1. The HPLC column C18 ODS hypersil column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used and detected at 215 nm.   The run time of the current method was 5 minutes with excellent specificity; no interferences were observed in the pharmaceutical dosage form. The process was validated according to ICH guidelines. The linearity of the proposed method was within the range of 0.25–3.8 µg/ml. The LOD and LOQ values were found to be 0.21 and 0.64 µg/ml. The % recovery and %RSD were within the range of 98–100 %, and ±2% for accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness results. All the values are acceptable as per ICH guidelines. As well, this enhanced technique was applied to calculate the amount of atorvastatin in human urine samples. Therefore, the present method is reliable for quantifying atorvastatin in quality control samples in academic and pharmaceutical industries and can easily be used in research development and hospitals. 
Microstructure-Related Pb2+ Adsorption Capability of Ti-Pillared Montmorillonite in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Chen Rui , Li Yuru , Chen Jiajia , Chen Lihui , Gao Jing , Li Guohua
Published: November 2021

The elimination of Pb2+ and recovery of lead metal during the treatment of industrial sewage is an important research topic. Montmorillonite (Mnt) is a promising material in this regard. The purpose of the present study was to improve the Pb2+ adsorption ability of Na-containing Mnt (Na-Mnt) by pillaring titania (anatase) into its interlayer spaces using a sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ratio of Ti to Mnt affected the crystal phase of titania-pillared Na-Mnt (Ti-Mnt), and changed the interlayer spacing of the (001) plane of Ti-Mnt and the growth of anatase. The Pb2+-adsorption capabilities of Ti-Mnt were tested using an aqueous solution of lead nitrate as a wastewater model. The Ti-Mnt prepared adsorbed >99.99% of the Pb2+; leached and activated Ti-Mnt adsorbed >95.7% of the Pb2+, indicating that Ti-Mnt could be recycled effectively. Furthermore, the Pb2+-adsorption capability of Ti- Mnt was related to the interlayer spacing of Mnt, the distribution of anatase particles pillared in Mnt, and the specific surface area, especially with respect to the relationship between the anatase particles and the interlayer spacing of the (001) plane.
An Evaluation of the Supplementation of Dietary-Modified Palygorskite on Growth Performance, Zearalenone Residue, Serum Metabolites, and Antioxidant Capacities in Broilers Fed a Zearalenone-Contaminated Diet
Authors: Xu Qiao , Chen Yueping , Cheng Yefei , Su Yue , Wen Chao , Wang Wenbo , Wang Aiqin , Zhou Yanmin
Published: November 2021

Zearalenone (ZEA), a common contaminant in food and feedstuffs, threatens human and animal health. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of modified palygorskite (MPal), a ZEA-targeted adsorbent, on broilers (young chickens) fed a ZEA-contaminated diet. Broilers were subjected to one of three treatments for a period of 42 days: a basal diet (control group), a ZEA- contaminated diet, and a ZEA-contaminated diet supplemented with 1 g/kg of MPal. Blood was collected for serum metabolite assay, and liver and kidney were sampled to determine ZEA residue and antioxidant-related parameters, using commercial spectrophotometric kits. Compared with the basal diet, the ZEA- contaminated diet resulted in compromised growth performance (reduced daily gain and feed intake during finisher period), disordered relative liver weight (decreased at 21 days but increased at 42 days), increased ZEA residue in liver and kidney, abnormal serum metabolites (decreased total protein content but increased alanine aminotransferase activity at 21 and 42 days, reduced albumin content at 21 days, and elevated aspartate aminotransferase activity at 42 days), and disrupted antioxidant capacities of broilers (increased total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in liver at 21 and 42 days, decreased T-SOD activity in kidney at 21 and 42 days, and in serum at 42 days, greater malondialdehyde accumulation in liver and kidney at 42 days, and lower glutathione content in kidney at 21 days). The adverse consequences resulting from the ZEA-contaminated diet were relieved by the supplementation of MPal (except albumin concentration in serum and T-SOD activity in liver at 21 days), with the values of growth-performance parameters, liver weight, renal ZEA accumulation, total protein content, transaminase activity at 42 days, and antioxidant indexes being similar to those in the control group. These results suggested that MPal supplementation could promote growth performance, attenuate liver damage, and improve the antioxidant abilities of broilers fed ZEA-contaminated diet by reducing ZEA accumulation.
Optimization design of an ultralight large-aperture space mirror
Authors: Wang Hao , Guo Jiang , Shao MingDong , Sun JiMing , Tian FuXiang , Yang Xu
Published: November 2021

The ultralight space mirror has long been a hot topic in the research field of space telescopes. In this paper, an ultralight mirror is designed by obtaining the structure and parameters of a mirror with an aperture of 2 m through experimental design and multiobjective integrated optimization. Specifically, the materials near the neutral surface were replaced with elliptical holes. The back of the mirror was supported at three points. Finite-element analysis shows that the mirror had a surface figure error of 10.4 nm under 1 g in the

x

direction (gravity direction), which is sufficiently high to be applied to visible light optical systems. Further, the eigenfrequencies of mirror components were obtained through finite-element analysis: 70 Hz in the

x

direction, 70 Hz in the

y

direction, and 90 Hz in the

z

direction. The results demonstrate the excellent dynamics performance of the designed mirror. Compared with test results, the relative error of eigenfrequencies was within 4%. Hence, our ultralight design outputs reliable optimization results and applies to the development of large-aperture ultralight space mirrors. Finally, the ultralight mirror was prepared from reaction-bonded silicon carbide. The mass and surface density of the prepared mirror were 105 kg and

34

k
g

/

m

2

, respectively. The mirror mass was 50% lighter than that of the mirrors designed by traditional lightweight methods.
ML-assisted QoT estimation: a dataset collection and data visualization for dataset quality evaluation
Authors: Bergk Geronimo , Shariati Behnam , Safari Pooyan , Fischer Johannes K.
Published: November 2021

Machine learning (ML)-assisted solutions for quality of transmission (QoT) estimation or classification have received significant attention in recent years. However, due to the unavailability of large and well-structured datasets, individual research groups need to create and use their own datasets for validating their proposed solutions. Therefore, the reported results (obtained using different datasets) are difficult to reproduce and hardly comparable. Regardless of this limitation, the unavailability of a technique to be followed by different research groups for the explainability of the dataset makes it even harder to validate the developed ML-assisted solutions across different papers. In this work, we present a publicly available dataset collection to open the problem of data-driven QoT estimation to the ML community. The dataset collection allows various solutions presented by different research groups to be compared. Furthermore, we present techniques to visualize and evaluate datasets for QoT estimation. The presented visualizations can also deliver deep insight into the error analysis of ML models. We apply these new methods to evaluate an artificial neural network on different datasets. The results show the relevance of the presented visualizations for comparing different approaches and different datasets. The proposed methods enable the comparison and validation of different ML-based solutions and published datasets.
Singular radiation fields in scattering media with refraction
Authors: Ilyushin Yaroslaw A.
Published: November 2021

Radiative transfer in scattering media with spatially varying refractive indices, such as plasma with density fluctuations, is considered. It has been shown that singularities of diffuse radiation intensity can appear in the scattered field if the gradient of the refractive index is strong enough. To do that, we solve the scalar radiative transfer equation approximately and then analyze the solution qualitatively. Examples of the analytic singular solutions of the scalar radiative transfer equation in flat layered and spherically symmetric media, typically occurring in remote sensing applications, are provided. Conditions of formation of these singularities are discussed. Monte Carlo simulation results exhibiting singularities are compared with the derived analytical solutions.
Nonlinear phase measurement using a coherent state in noisy environments
Authors: Yang Baohua , Zou Huajie , Gu Weijie
Published: November 2021

Nonlinear phase measurement plays an important role in many dynamic processes. In this paper, we propose a single-mode measurement scheme for second-order nonlinear phase shifts that utilizes coherent states and homodyne measurement. The sensitivity at operating point

φ
=
0

is

1

/

4

N

3

/

2

with

N

photons on average and approaches the quantum Cramér–Rao bound. In addition, sensitivity with a small value of

φ

is discussed. For practical purposes, we analyze the effects of photon losses, thermal photon noise, and phase diffusion on sensitivities with

φ
=
0

as well as a small value of

φ

. The sensitivity still scales as

1

/

N

3

/

2

in the presence of photon losses and thermal photon noise but degrades to the scaling of

1

/

N

with phase diffusion.
Metasurface-based coupling suppression for wideband multiple-input-multiple-output antenna arrays
Authors: Zou Xiaojun , Wang Guangming , Wang Yawei , Zong Binfeng
Published: November 2021

Wideband decoupling requires simultaneous improvements in the performance of an antenna array in its operating band. In this paper, a metasurface structure is proposed to accomplish this difficult task in wideband dual-layer coupled patch multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna arrays. The decoupling mechanism is analyzed based on network and field theories, and dual-band response is achieved by incorporating multilayer hybrid split-ring resonators to create a meta-atom equipped with single negative property. By introducing the metasurface into the H-plane coupled MIMO array, the working bandwidth improves from 21.7% to 25.4%, mutual coupling is suppressed to less than −20 dB, gains mostly improve, and radiation patterns are modified. Moreover, the metasurface-based decoupling structure is extended to the E-plane coupled and two-dimensional arrays, exhibiting the same decoupling capability in the 22.9% and 23.6% bandwidths, respectively. Compared with existing metasurface-based decoupling works, the proposed metasurface, which is designed to be coplanar with the array, brings about no change to the array profile and possesses a wider decoupling bandwidth. These results indicate its potential in efficiently decoupling multielement wideband MIMO antenna arrays.
Compact low-birefringence polarization beam splitter using vertical-dual-slot waveguides in silicon carbide integrated platforms
Authors: Shi Xiaodong , Zhang Jingjing , Fan Weichen , Lu Yaoqin , Peng Nianhua , Rottwitt Karsten , Ou Haiyan
Published: November 2021

The polarization beam splitter is a key component for polarization manipulation in photonic integrated circuits, but it is challenging to design for low-refractive-index optical materials, due to the low birefringence of the waveguides. We propose what we believe is a novel compact vertical-dual-slot waveguide-based coupling scheme for silicon carbide, enabling efficient low-birefringence polarization splitting by extensively modulating the transverse-magnetic mode distribution. We numerically and experimentally demonstrate the device in the 4H-silicon-carbide-on-insulator integrated platform, with a small footprint of

2
.
2
 
μm
×
15
 
μm

. The device, easy to fabricate via a single lithography process as other components on the chip, exhibits low insertion loss of

<
0.71
  
dB

and

<
0.51
  
dB

for the transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic polarized light, respectively, and polarization extinction ratio of

>
13
  
dB

, over 80 nm wavelength range.
The meaning of significant mean group differences for biomarker discovery
Authors: Loth Eva , Ahmad Jumana , Chatham Chris , López Beatriz , Carter Ben , Crawley Daisy , Oakley Bethany , Hayward Hannah , Cooke Jennifer , San José Cáceres Antonia , Bzdok Danilo , Jones Emily , Charman Tony , Beckmann Christian , Bourgeron Thomas , Toro Roberto , Buitelaar Jan , Murphy Declan , Dumas Guillaume
Published: November 2021

Over the past decade, biomarker discovery has become a key goal in psychiatry to aid in the more reliable diagnosis and prognosis of heterogeneous psychiatric conditions and the development of tailored therapies. Nevertheless, the prevailing statistical approach is still the mean group comparison between “cases” and “controls,” which tends to ignore within-group variability. In this educational article, we used empirical data simulations to investigate how effect size, sample size, and the shape of distributions impact the interpretation of mean group differences for biomarker discovery. We then applied these statistical criteria to evaluate biomarker discovery in one area of psychiatric research—autism research. Across the most influential areas of autism research, effect size estimates ranged from small (d = 0.21, anatomical structure) to medium (d = 0.36 electrophysiology, d = 0.5, eye-tracking) to large (d = 1.1 theory of mind). We show that in normal distributions, this translates to approximately 45% to 63% of cases performing within 1 standard deviation (SD) of the typical range, i.e., they do not have a deficit/atypicality in a statistical sense. For a measure to have diagnostic utility as defined by 80% sensitivity and 80% specificity, Cohen’s d of 1.66 is required, with still 40% of cases falling within 1 SD. However, in both normal and nonnormal distributions, 1 (skewness) or 2 (platykurtic, bimodal) biologically plausible subgroups may exist despite small or even nonsignificant mean group differences. This conclusion drastically contrasts the way mean group differences are frequently reported. Over 95% of studies omitted the “on average” when summarising their findings in their abstracts (“autistic people have deficits in X”), which can be misleading as it implies that the group-level difference applies to all individuals in that group. We outline practical approaches and steps for researchers to explore mean group comparisons for the discovery of stratification biomarkers.
Nucleoporin TPR promotes tRNA nuclear export and protein synthesis in lung cancer cells
Authors: Chen Miao , Long Qian , Borrie Melinda S. , Sun Haohui , Zhang Changlin , Yang Han , Shi Dingbo , Gartenberg Marc R. , Deng Wuguo
Published: November 2021

The robust proliferation of cancer cells requires vastly elevated levels of protein synthesis, which relies on a steady supply of aminoacylated tRNAs. Delivery of tRNAs to the cytoplasm is a highly regulated process, but the machinery for tRNA nuclear export is not fully elucidated. In this study, using a live cell imaging strategy that visualizes nascent transcripts from a specific tRNA gene in yeast, we identified the nuclear basket proteins Mlp1 and Mlp2, two homologs of the human TPR protein, as regulators of tRNA export. TPR expression is significantly increased in lung cancer tissues and correlated with poor prognosis. Consistently, knockdown of TPR inhibits tRNA nuclear export, protein synthesis and cell growth in lung cancer cell lines. We further show that NXF1, a well-known mRNA nuclear export factor, associates with tRNAs and mediates their transport through nuclear pores. Collectively, our findings uncover a conserved mechanism that regulates nuclear export of tRNAs, which is a limiting step in protein synthesis in eukaryotes.
A Phase 2a randomized, single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of oral iOWH032 against cholera diarrhea in a controlled human infection model
Authors: Erdem Rahsan , Ambler Gwen , Al-Ibrahim Mohamed , Fraczek Katarzyna , Dong Steven D. , Gast Christopher , Mercer Laina D. , Raine Michael , Tennant Sharon M. , Chen Wilbur H. , de Hostos Eugenio L. , Choy Robert K. M.
Published: November 2021

Cholera remains a major cause of infectious diarrhea globally. Despite the increased availability of cholera vaccines, there is still an urgent need for other effective interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, increased prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Vibrio cholerae threatens the use of many drugs commonly used to treat cholera. We developed iOWH032, a synthetic small molecule inhibitor of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channel, as an antisecretory, host-directed therapeutic for cholera. In the study reported here, we tested iOWH032 in a Phase 2a cholera controlled human infection model. Forty-seven subjects were experimentally infected with V. cholerae El Tor Inaba strain N16961 in an inpatient setting and randomized to receive 500 mg iOWH032 or placebo by mouth every 8 hours for 3 days to determine the safety and efficacy of the compound as a potential treatment for cholera. We found that iOWH032 was generally safe and achieved a mean (± standard deviation) plasma level of 4,270 ng/mL (±2,170) after 3 days of oral dosing. However, the median (95% confidence interval) diarrheal stool output rate for the iOWH032 group was 25.4 mL/hour (8.9, 58.3), compared to 32.6 mL/hour (15.8, 48.2) for the placebo group, a reduction of 23%, which was not statistically significant. There was also no significant decrease in diarrhea severity and number or frequency of stools associated with iOWH032 treatment. We conclude that iOWH032 does not merit future development for treatment of cholera and offer lessons learned for others developing antisecretory therapeutic candidates that seek to demonstrate proof of principle in a cholera controlled human infection model study.

Trial registration: This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT04150250.
Role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 01857 in hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy via the regulation of the microRNA-197-3p/anterior GRadient 2 axis
Authors: Bi Jiangang , Guo Yusheng , Li Qi , Liu Liping , Bao Shiyun , Xu Ping
Published: November 2021

Objective

This study investigates the differential expression and the mechanism of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA (LINC) 01857 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation and apoptosis.

Methods

LINC01857 expression in HCC tissues and cells was evaluated. In addition, gain-of and loss-of functions were carried out to assess HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis. After that, LINC01857 subcellular localization was predicted and verified. Additionally, the binding relations between LINC01857 and microRNA (miRNA)-197-3p and between miR-197-3p and anterior GRadient 2 (AGR2) were detected and confirmed. Besides, HCC cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed after silencing LINC01857 or overexpressing AGR2. Next, levels of key factors in the AKT and ERK pathways were measured. Additionally, xenograft transplantation was also conducted to confirm the effect of LINC01857 in HCC.

Results

LINC01857 was overexpressed in HCC. Silencing LINC01857 leads to a blockage in HCC cell proliferation but improved apoptosis. LINC01857 could competitively bind to miR-197-3p and thus upregulate AGR2. miR-197-3p was poorly expressed in HCC, while AGR2 was overexpressed. Mechanistically, downregulated miR-197-3p or overexpressed AGR2 were observed to attenuate the effect of the LINC01857 knockdown on suppressing cell proliferation and enhancing apoptosis. Moreover, LINC01857 activated the AKT and ERK pathways through the manipulation of the miR-197-3p/AGR2 axis in HCC.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicated that LINC01857 was highly expressed in HCC, and it could improve HCC cell proliferation and reduce apoptosis via competitively binding to miR-197-3p, promoting AGR2 and upregulating the AKT and ERK pathways.
The Russian Aphasia Test: The first comprehensive, quantitative, standardized, and computerized aphasia language battery in Russian
Authors: Ivanova Maria V. , Akinina Yulia S. , Soloukhina Olga A. , Iskra Ekaterina V. , Buivolova Olga V. , Chrabaszcz Anna V. , Stupina Ekaterina A. , Khudyakova Maria V. , Akhutina Tatiana V. , Dragoy Olga
Published: November 2021

The lack of standardized language assessment tools in Russian impedes clinical work, evidence-based practice, and research in Russian-speaking clinical populations. To address this gap in assessment of neurogenic language disorders, we developed and standardized a new comprehensive assessment instrument–the Russian Aphasia Test (RAT). The principal novelty of the RAT is that each subtest corresponds to a specific level of linguistic processing (phonological, lexical-semantic, syntactic, and discourse) in different domains: auditory comprehension, repetition, and oral production. In designing the test, we took into consideration various (psycho)linguistic factors known to influence language performance, as well as specific properties of Russian. The current paper describes the development of the RAT and reports its psychometric properties. A tablet-based version of the RAT was administered to 85 patients with different types and severity of aphasia and to 106 age-matched neurologically healthy controls. We established cutoff values for each subtest indicating deficit in a given task and cutoff values for aphasia based on the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis of the composite score. The RAT showed very high sensitivity (> .93) and specificity (> .96), substantiating its validity for determining presence of aphasia. The test’s high construct validity was evidenced by strong correlations between subtests measuring similar linguistic processes. The concurrent validity of the test was also strong as demonstrated by a high correlation with an existing aphasia battery. Overall high internal, inter-rater, and test-retest reliability were obtained. The RAT is the first comprehensive aphasia language battery in Russian with properly established psychometric properties. It is sensitive to a wide range of language deficits in aphasia and can reliably characterize individual profiles of language impairments. Notably, the RAT is the first comprehensive aphasia test in any language to be fully automatized for administration on a tablet, maximizing further standardization of presentation and scoring procedures.
Comparison of complications of early and delayed open reduction and internal fixation for treating pilon fracture: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yang , Huang Xiaoyu , Chen Yili , Shi Changlong , Li Hao , Xu Jingjing , Li Yongyao , Du Yachao , Cheng Yongzhong
Published: November 2021

Background

Tibial Pilon fractures are severe fractures accompanied by soft tissue injury. Although open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) are effective in treating Pilon fractures, there is a controversy over time to surgery due to reported postoperative complications. However, there is no systematic review evaluating the difference of postoperative complications between early and delayed ORIF for treating pilon fractures.

Methods

Relevant literature written in English will be searched through PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. The study aims to compare the effects and complications of early and delayed ORIF for treating fresh pilon fractures in adult patients. The primary outcome will be infection rate, fracture union time, nonunion and malunion rate. And the secondary outcome will be metalwork removal, amputation, and ankle function grade. Two reviewers will independently assess the eligibility of the studies according to the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A meta-analysis for the available data will be conducted using Revman 5.3. To measure effect size, odds ratios (ORs) and mean difference will be used for dichotomous and continuous data, respectively. Statistical heterogeneity will be explored. And a random-effects model or a fixed-effects will be used in pooled data on the basis of the existence or absence of heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis will be conducted to identify sources of heterogeneity and sensitivity analysis to test the results’ robustness. We will assess the risk of bias by four different quality assessment tools according to the study design. Publication bias will be evaluated by funnel plot. The study data will be stored in the Open Science Framework website.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020207465
The prediction of fluctuation in the order-driven financial market
Authors: Shi Fabin , Sun Xiao-Qian , Gao Jinhua , Wang Zidong , Shen Hua-Wei , Cheng Xue-Qi
Published: November 2021

Risk prediction is one of the important issues that draws much attention from academia and industry. And the fluctuation—absolute value of the change of price, is one of the indexes of risk. In this paper, we focus on the relationship between fluctuation and order volume. Based on the observation that the price would move when the volume of order changes, the prediction of price fluctuation can be converted into the prediction of order volume. Modelling the trader’s behaviours—order placement and order cancellation, we propose an order-based fluctuation prediction model. And our model outperforms better than baseline in OKCoin and BTC-e datasets.
Reactive/Less-cooperative individuals advance population’s synchronization: Modeling of Dictyostelium discoideum concerted signaling during aggregation phase
Authors: Eidi Zahra , Khorasani Najme , Sadeghi Mehdi
Published: November 2021

Orchestrated chemical signaling of single cells sounds to be a linchpin of emerging organization and multicellular life form. The social amoebaDictyostelium discoideumis a well-studied model organism to explore overall pictures of grouped behavior in developmental biology. The chemical waves secreted by aggregatingDictyosteliumis a superb example of pattern formation. The waves are either circular or spiral in shape, according to the incremental population density of a self-aggregating community of individuals. Here, we revisit the spatiotemporal patterns that appear in an excitable medium due to synchronization of randomly firing individuals, but with a more parsimonious attitude. According to our model, a fraction of these individuals are less involved in amplifying external stimulants. Our simulations indicate that the cells enhance the system’s asymmetry and as a result, nucleate early sustainable spiral territory zones, provided that their relative population does not exceed a tolerable threshold.