bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children's processing of written irony: An eye-tracking study
Authors: Olkoniemi Henri , Halonen Sohvi , Pexman Penny M. , Häikiö Tuomo
Published: November 2022

Ironic language is challenging for many people to understand, and particularly for children. Comprehending irony is considered a major milestone in children’s development, as it requires inferring the intentions of the person who is being ironic. However, the theories of irony comprehension generally do not address developmental changes, and there are limited data on children’s processing of verbal irony. In the present pre-registered study, we examined, for the first time, how children process and comprehend written irony in comparison to adults. Seventy participants took part in the study (35 10-year-old children and 35 adults). In the experiment, participants read ironic and literal sentences embedded in story contexts while their eye movements were recorded. They also responded to a text memory question and an inference question after each story, and children’s levels of reading skills were measured. Results showed that for both children and adults comprehending written irony was more difficult than for literal texts (the “irony effect”) and was more challenging for children than for adults. Moreover, although children showed longer overall reading times than adults, processing of ironic stories was largely similar between children and adults. One group difference was that for children, more accurate irony comprehension was qualified by faster reading times whereas for adults more accurate irony comprehension involved slower reading times. Interestingly, both age groups were able to adapt to task context and improve their irony processing across trials. These results provide new insights about the costs of irony and development of the ability to overcome them.
Trait and State Affective Experience Among High-Risk People in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: A Meta-Analytic Review
Authors: Li Lilian Y. , Dent Amy , Donberg Ryan , Martin Elizabeth A
Published: November 2022

Evidence suggests that individuals with schizophrenia display a trait-state disjunction in affective experience characterized by severe trait-level disturbances yet relatively intact state-level experiences, but the extent to which trait-state disjunction is found in individuals at high risk (HR) for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is unclear. Therefore, this meta-analysis provides an integrative evaluation of HR individuals’ self-reported affective experiences across trait and state to identify which disturbances are most pronounced and for whom – a crucial objective for understanding affective vulnerability factors for schizophrenia. A literature search yielded 181 studies, totaling 995 effect sizes across 9,672 HR and 15,386 controls. Notably, a large amount of heterogeneity among effect sizes was observed. Multivariate models with robust variance estimation showed that HR (vs. control) participants had lower trait positive affect (PA) and higher trait negative affect (NA), with state-level disturbances being weaker than trait-level disturbances. Heightened NA generalized across methods used for eliciting and assessing affective experiences, whereas PA deficits were more variable and most severe for social processes. Moreover, the severity of PA and NA disturbances was greater for participants with higher levels of schizophrenia-spectrum risk. Overall, findings provide support for the trait-state disjunction in HR conditions along the schizophrenia spectrum, although the observed heterogeneity highlights the uncertainty of our findings and urges continued investigation in further explicating this heterogeneity. We outline an explanatory model for these findings and discuss important implications to facilitate future research on the role affective experience disturbances may play in the developmental pathway for schizophrenia.
More-than-climate temporalities of loss and damage in Australia
Authors: Jackson Guy
Published: November 2022

I contribute to an emerging politics of loss through an empirical analysis of temporalities of climate change loss and damage in Australia. How people temporalize climate change informs their conception of causality, designation of losses and damages, and political response. By drawing attention to the diversity of onto-epistemological understandings and characterizations of climate change loss and damage, I illuminate some of the values diverse actors perceive as currently, or at risk of, being lost. I do this by unearthing and theorizing commonly identified temporalities held by a cross-section of social actors in regional Australia. These include the following temporalities: 1) anticipatory loss; 2) natural variability; 3) future perfect (e.g., climate catastrophe, human ingenuity); and 4) the longue durée (i.e., climate change as a historical crisis linked to colonial-capitalism). I consider the social, cultural, psychological, and political determinants of such temporalities and the implications for climate politics in Australia. I argue that recognizing the complexity of temporalities of loss and damage is crucial for both geographical research and climate politics. This nuanced understanding of difference can contribute towards the development of a progressive more-than-climate politics, which, I suggest, must be based on the longue durée temporality of climate change loss and damage. (Published in Annals of the American Association of Geographers)
Environmental subjectivities and experiences of climate extreme-driven loss and damage in northern Australia
Authors: Jackson Guy
Published: November 2022

Australia has objectively suffered climate-extreme driven loss and damage – climate change impacts that cannot or will not be avoided. Recent national surveys demonstrate a growing awareness of the link between climate change and climate extremes. However, climate extremes interact with existing environmental subjectivities (i.e. how people perceive, understand, and relate to the environment), which leads to different social, cultural, and political responses. For example, people in northern Australia are familiar with climate extremes, with the heat, humidity, fires, floods, storms, and droughts intimately connected to identities and sense of place. In this climate ethnography, I demonstrate the value of undertaking environmental subjectivities analyses for research on climate-society relations. I detail how environmental subjectivities influence people’s experiences, or non-experiences, of climate extreme-driven loss and damage in northern Australia. I identify a growing concern for climate change and climate extremes are influencing environmental subjectivities. Yet, many northern Australians – even people concerned about climate change – are not, for now, connecting extreme events to climate change. A widespread subjectivity of anticipatory loss supplied people with an imagined temporal buffer, which contributes to non-urgency in political responses. Together with more structural political-economic barriers and a sense of helplessness to affect progressive change, limited action beyond individual consumer decisions and small-scale advocacy are occurring. These, among other, findings extend research on climate extremes role in climate opinion, lived experiences of loss and damage in affluent contexts, and the environmental value-action gap. (Published in Climatic Change)
Pronoun Lists in Profile Bios Display Increased Prevalence, Systematic Co-Presence with Other Keywords and Network Tie Clustering among US Twitter Users 2015-2022
Authors: Tucker Liam , Jones Jason Jeffrey
Published: November 2022

Over the past few years, pronoun lists have become more prevalent in online spaces. Currently, various LGBT+ activists, universities, and corporations encourage people to share their preferred pronouns. Little research exists examining the characteristics of individuals who do publicly share their preferred pronouns. Using Twitter bios from the US between early 2015 and June 30, 2022, we explored users’ expression of preferred pronouns. First, we noted the prevalence of users with pronoun lists within their bio has increased substantially. Second, we observed that certain linguistic tokens systematically co-occurred with pronoun lists. Specifically, tokens associated with left-wing politics, gender or sexual identity, and social media argot co-occurred disproportionately often alongside pronoun lists, while tokens associated with right-wing politics, religion, sports, and finance co-occurred infrequently. Additionally, we discovered clustering among Twitter users with pronouns in their bios. Specifically, we found an above-average proportion of the followers and friends of Twitter users with pronouns in their bio also had pronouns in their bios. Twitter users who did not share their preferred pronouns, on the other hand, were disproportionately unlikely to be connected with Twitter users who did.
Transnational Identity in Thapa’s Seasons of Flight
Authors: Bhattarai Punya Prasad
Published: November 2022

This article focuses on the transnational identity of Nepali immigrants in America through the representative character of Prema in Manjushree Thapa’s novel, Season of Flight. The finding of the article is that transnational identity of immigrants is unstable and fluid. This instability and fluidity result in crossing the border from one nation to the next. Transnationalism is the process of globalization where immigrant adopts foreign culture and retains the roots simultaneously. Although immigrant has to undergo alienation and frustration in the host land, he/she prefers to live there because of immense freedom and liberty. The researcher has focused on the cultural aspect of immigrants living in transnational space, and hybridity as a theory has been applied to interpret and analyze the text.
Frequency of skeletal metastasis on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography with negative computed tomography at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology
Authors: Fayyaz Mariam , Muhammad Numair Younis  , Sheikh Danial Hanan  , Syed Zain Ul Abidin  , Rimsha Badar  , Muhammad Waseem Akram
Published: November 2022

Background: Skeletal metastasis (SM) with skeletal related events (SREs) occurs in up to 70% of breast cancer and more than 50% of malignant tumors. Whole-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) used to characterize the metabolic, anatomic, and morphologic status of suspected bone lesions. SMs are detected using multiple modalities; however, FDG PET/CT may offer a single investigation to detect SM combining the strength of functional imaging and radiological imaging simultaneously.
Aims and Objectives: This study was to assess the frequency of SM on 18F-FDG PET/CT with negative CT at Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology (INMOL).
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a sample of total 50 patients with SM of known primary malignancies who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scan at INMOL Cancer Hospital, Lahore.
Results: Of the 50 patients, we discovered the concordant findings between PET and CT as both PET+/CT+ in 38 patients (76%) whereas in 12 patients (24%) with PET+/CT- findings were discordant. CT was unable to detect SM in at least 12 patients. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of SM in patients with negative CT found to be slightly higher as 5.2±4.1 (range: 2.5–7.8) than in patients with positive CT finding as 4.8±2.8 (range: 3.9–5.8) with P=0.76. P-value is insignificant this means that high SUV is not typical or conclusive evidence of metastasis.
Conclusion: Despite limited data, this study has demonstrated high concordance between FDG PET and CT scan in detecting SM. Furthermore, the study has shown that 18F-FDG PET appears to have slightly better detection efficiency as compared to CT for identification of SM which is statistically insignificant. The study demonstrated that SUV is higher in PET and CT discordant cases; however, it does not provide conclusive information favoring diagnosis of SM.
A cross-sectional study of demographic and clinical profile of HIV patients at ART center of tertiary care hospital
Authors: Anil Kumar Agarwal  , Arun Kushwah  , Pradeep Verma  , Ramniwas Mahore  , Rani Verma
Published: November 2022

Background: India has the third largest number of people living with HIV/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is important to understand the presentation of HIV disease in the local context and culture.
Aims and Objectives: The present study is aimed at identifying the socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations of HIV/ AIDS patients, opportunistic infections (OI), and the possible risk factors for acquiring HIV infection.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on HIV patients from September 2021 to December 2021. The HIV-positive patients of all age groups and all categories were included in the study. However, the clinical staging was done according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of HIV/AIDS. Data were expressed as mean and percentage proportion with chi square test for measuring statistically significance.
Results: Among 140 HIV patients 88 (62.9%) were males. More than half were 101 (72.1%) in the reproductive age group 18–40 years with mean age 35±11.5 years. The commonest mode of HIV transmission was heterosexual 114 (81.4%). Maximum belonged to social Class IV 51 (36.4%) and Class III 47 (33.6%) of socioeconomic status. Fever 92 (65.7%), weight loss 82 (58.7%), and cough 68 (48.6%) were the common presenting. Pulmonary tuberculosis and diarrhea were the most predominant secondary OI accounting for 46 (32.9%) and 35 (25.0%), respectively. More than half 82 (58.6%) of patients were in the WHO clinical Stage II of HIV disease. CD4 counts of the patients were significantly inversely correlated with the number of symptoms and the number of OI.
Conclusion: There was a high frequency of behavioral risk factors, together with unawareness among HIV patients, socio- demographic, and clinical profile of study participants reflects an impact of early case detection and timely institution of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Characteristics of Ankylosing spondylitis patients in Kurdistan region of Iraq
Authors: Mahir Sadullah Saeed  , Rasool Mohammed Tahir
Published: November 2022

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) affects predominantly the axial skeleton and causes inflammatory low back pain.
Aims and Objectives: We aimed to explore clinical characteristics of AS patients in Iraqi Kurdistan.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the patients who attended a rheumatic disease center in Kurdistan Region of Iraq in 2022 were screened for the diagnosis of AS.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 38.31 (17–65 years old) and most were Middle age and males (93.07%; male: female ratio: 13.43:1). The patients were normal sleepers (61.39%), short sleepers (28.71%), and long sleepers (9.90%). The patients were most physically active through walking. The age at symptoms onset of patients was 22.61 years (7–56 years). The patient’s disease was diagnosed at the mean value of 29.56 years. The median gap of diagnosis was 5 years. The patients had different characteristics; peripheral arthritis (56.44%), sacroiliitis (bilateral: 91.09%), tenosynovitis (14.85%), plantar fasciitis (45.54%), achilles tendinitis (17.82%), anterior uveitis (23.76%), positive human leukocyte antigen-B27 (88.40%), and spinal involvement (94.06%). Most patients received treatment (89.11%) including received biological treatment (53.47%) followed by multiple treatments (29.70%) and non-steroidal (4.95%) and only 0.99% (one patient) used physical therapy. The patients with normal sleepers and physically active and without extra-articular manifestations of AS had better disease severity and function compared to short sleepers and nonphysically active.
Conclusion: A AS patients have escalating disease severity and function patients in this region. The disease severity and function were associated with healthy lifestyles such as sleeping and physical activity.
Rehabilitation of peg shaped lateral incisors with ceramic veneer: A case report
Authors: Shrestha M. , Joshi S. P. , Shrestha P. , Sah S. , Verma A.
Published: November 2022

The most common discrepancy concerning tooth size is the presence of peg shaped lateral incisors, which can cause teeth with reduced size, anterior diastema and consequently an unpleasant smile. The development of adhesive dentistry and ceramic veneers allowed all ceramic bonded restorations to become an esthetic, durable and functional approach to reestablish the smile harmony.
The purpose of this clinical report is to describe a conservative treatment approach using ceramic veneer to restore an esthetic disharmony caused by bilateral peg shaped lateral incisors.
Isabel Wilkerson (2020), Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents
Authors: Savdekar Sanika
Published: November 2022

Book review of Caste: The Origins of Our Discontents by Isabel Wilkerson (2020).
Preventing Cancer with Turmeric: The Whole is Better than the Sum of its Parts
Authors: Bowers Megan
Published: November 2022

There is growing interest in the use of natural compounds such as phytochemicals in medicine. Turmeric is known to possess many health benefits and has been used for centuries for culinary and traditional uses. Its most potent phytochemical, curcumin, has been subject to extensive research andexhibits biological activities, including anti-cancer activities. However, it has not been approved for therapeutic use due to poor bioavailability. Recently, efforts have turned to improving its bioavailability, such as the use of adjuvant phytochemicals. Turmeric contains a variety of phytochemicals, many of which also possess anti-cancer activities themselves. In this review, theevidence for the superior bioavailability and chemopreventative activities of turmeric compared to curcumin alone are discussed, and mechanisms that may underlie these observations are highlighted. More research should be done to uncover the interactions of the phytochemicals within turmeric. Most research has focused on the use of curcumin and other phytochemicals as potential adjuvants in cancer treatment. However, a large proportion of cancers, particularly of the digestive system, are preventable, so the current review focuses on the chemopreventative potential of the phytochemicals discussed. Ultimately, consumption of turmeric and other foods rich in phytochemicals should be encouraged to reduce the incidence of cancer.
Karakteristik Lampu Hemat Energi Ditinjau dari Pengaruh Suplai Tegangan Listrik
Authors: Setiawidayat Sabar , Sriyanto Wahyu
Published: November 2022

The circulation of Energy Saving Lamps or Self-Based Lamps in Indonesia, which promises the shape of lamps, variations in lamp power, lamp life, comparison of offered lamp brightness, low power absorption with brighter light, has caused many people to switch from using tube lamps and incandescent lamps to other types of lamps. this lamp. Indonesian Government regulation that requires LHE lamp manufacturers to include the Indonesian National Standard label as proof that the lamp is within the specified Efficacy limit. General Regulation of Electrical Installation and PT. PLN urges its consumers that electricity users can maintain the load power factor of not less than 0.8. This study aims to determine the amount of current consumption and electrical power required by LHE lamps labeled with SNI from the Panasonic, Shinyoku and ACR brands which were obtained randomly in the market. 10 lamps 18 watts, 220 volts as a sample, given a variation of the supply voltage between 110 volts to 240 volts with 10 volt steps. The results showed that the average real power at a voltage of 220 volts was in accordance with the labels on all brands. All three lamp brands have a power factor below 0.5. Characteristics of voltage to real power for Panasonic LHE obtained y = -0.0226x2 + 8.889x - 673.88, LHE Shinyoku y = -0.0002x2 + 0.3184x + 109.22, and LHE ACR y = -0.0003x2 + 0.2852x + 120.91
Wartime songs: An attempt at genre analysis
Authors: Gordon T. A.
Published: November 2022

The article analyses Bakhtin’s theory of artistic text, using the example of mid-20th-c. Russian military songs (‘Granada’ [‘Grenada’], ‘Little Eagle’ [‘Orlyonok’], ‘Far Away, Across the River’ [‘Tam vdali, za rekoy’], ‘The Sacred War’ [‘Svyashchennaya voyna’], ‘Dark Is the Night’ [‘Tyomnaya noch’], etc). Focusing on Bakhtin’s idea that an artistic word recalls and reestablishes archaic genres, the researcher examines if a similar tendency can be traced in military song lyrics. A genre analysis shows that the lyrics tend to resurrect the seemingly forgotten archaic techniques of epic distance, epic monism, and syncretism. Russian wartime songs draw on and reinvent the genre features of biblical poetry, classical epics, and Byzantine rhetoric. Which element is responsible for this revival of the archaic? Upon examination of Bakhtin’s key theses, the author finds that Bakhtin’s concept of ‘great time’ is language. The poetics of military songs conforms to the ideas proposed by Bakhtin that an artistic text revives the archaic as a result of a subconscious language instinct.
Vladimir Zelinsky. A talk with my father
Authors: Shaytanov I. O.
Published: November 2022

This book can be classified as a memoir with one reservation made by its author: ‘These meditations go alongside the recollections…’ The son, writing his recollections in the memoir form, is Vladimir Zelinsky, a Russian Orthodox Church priest serving in Italy. His father Kornely Zelinsky (1896–1970) is a Soviet literary critic whose reputation has been stained by a number of gestures in his literary career. Most known as the theoretician in the Constructivists poetic group in the 1920s, he abandoned it and his former views in 1930 under the ideological pressure. In 1940, he wrote an internal review that practically barred the publication of Marina Tsvetaeva’s verse collection and made her life situation unbearable. In 1958, he was among the most bitter critics of Boris Pasternak after the latter was awarded the Nobel Prize. What position can his son, a priest, take in his memoirs? This position is not one of all-forgiveness but of understanding arrived at in the filial dialogue with his father’s life spent in the time affected by the ideological virus.
Sukhbat Aflatuni. How to kill a literature. Sketches on literary politics and literature in the early 21st century
Authors: Zhuchkova A. V.
Published: November 2022

In her review of the writer and critic Evgeny Abdullaev’s (Sukhbat Aflatuni’s) How to kill a literature [Kak ubit literaturu], Zhuchkova lists the phenomena of contemporary literary process that, according to Abdullaev, are lethal to literature: literary politics, literary economics, prizes, creative writing workshops, and many others typical of the post-Soviet literary process. The reviewer also emphasises Abdullaev’s positive programme based on his beliefs and arguments about the importance of succession in literature and history and careful treatment of the language. Abduallev rejects a one-dimensional and profane approach to literature and substitution of literature with management, maintaining that a critic’s essential qualities include self-respect and professionalism, loyalty to the criteria of high literature and faith in the Russian language. In a separate section, the review portrays Abdullaev as a critic and describes his professional and human qualities and talents.
How to reform research evaluation in Spain. Institutional accreditation as a response to the European Agreement on research assessment. Letter
Authors: Ràfols Ismael , Molas-Gallart Jordi
Published: November 2022

The reform of evaluation proposed at European level in the recent Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment represents a window of opportunity to reform the Spanish evaluation system, at a moment when the new Organic Law of the University System (LOSU) is being debated. This agreement establishes the primacy of peer review based on qualitative criteria in order to be able to recognize the diversity of contributions and research careers, and advocates to stop the inappropriate use of journal-based metrics. How can evaluation in Spain, heavily based on these metrics, be reformed to align with these principles? In this letter we propose that it is not possible to move towards the principles of the European agreement without making structural changes in the governance of evaluation, with a return of autonomy to the universities. We advocate that individual evaluations by agencies outside the university should be limited, and that, instead, institutional evaluation should be encouraged. We collect a proposal for ‘institutional accreditation’ as a public control mechanism for the hiring and promotion of professors at the university.
Diving into the Asian and African World. Part 2. China: Учебное пособие, [электронное издание сетевого распространения] / М.В. Воронцова, М.В. Зиза, Т.Л. Кононова, И.В. Короновская, О.Р. Силаева, М.Е. Халютина. – М.: «КДУ», «Добросвет», 2022. – 184 с.
Authors: Воронцова М.В. , Зиза М.В. , Кононова Т.Л. , Короновская И.В. , Силаева О.Р. , Халютина М.Е.
Published: November 2022

Учебное пособие по английскому языку Diving into the Asian and African World предназначено для студентов всех специальностей, связанных с изучением стран Азии и Африки. Данное пособие может использоваться в группах с уровнем владения английским языком В1 и выше. Пособие не заменяет общий курс английского языка, а является его дополнением. Цель пособия – ввести и закрепить лексику, связанную с восточной тематикой, дать информацию по разным странам всем студентам-востоковедам независимо от их узкой специализации и сформировать навык понимания тексов и видеофрагментов на английском языке по общим темам, связанным с восточными странами. Пособие содержит тексты, аудио- и видеоматериалы, а также разнообразные упражнения. Часть 2 посвящена Китаю и предназначена для использования на 1 курсе.
Exploring Teacher Knowledge in Natural Sciences
Authors: NTULİ Thuli Gladys , NKANYANİ Tebogo , SİKHOSANA Lettah , MUDAU Awelani V
Published: November 2022

This is a qualitative interpretative case study. Its aim is to explore the teacher knowledge of senior phase Natural Sciences teachers. The following question guided the study: What is the nature of teacher knowledge of natural sciences teachers in the senior phase? Semi structured interviews and observations were used to collect data from three purposefully sampled participants. The findings reveal that senior phase teachers have limited content knowledge and inadequate subject matter knowledge and this enflamed misconception which could be transferred to their learners. It is therefore prudent to recommend a re-focus in the in-service teacher training and colleges of Education to improve teacher’s subject matter knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge as they could be a barrier to effective teaching and learning and learner’s performance in Natural Sciences.
Patriation of Canada's Constitution by Pierre Trudeau
Authors: MacPherson Isaac
Published: November 2022

This article explores the events leading up to Constitution Act, 1982, in relation to the patriation of Canada's Constitution. Pierre Trudeau had been determined, ever since 1968, to remove the Canadian Constitution from Westminster and bring it home to Ottawa. It was viewed as a final step in the century-long journey towards Canadian independence from Britain. Shortly after coming to power, however, Trudeau found it increasingly difficult to alleviate the federal-provincial struggles that halted patriation. The failure of the Victoria Conference in 1971 eventually ceased any serious constitutional negotiations between Trudeau and the provinces for nearly a decade. However, the February 1980 victory that granted Trudeau a majority government renewed his confidence, and constitutional talks resumed. They culiminated in the Ottawa Conference held in November, 1981, which was successful in producing an agreement between 9 out of 10 provincial delegates and the federal government. Québec under René Lévesque was the only participant who declined to sign on to Canadian patriation after they had been exlcuded from a night of negotiations, known as the Night of Long Knives. So while Trudeau had achieved patriation, it was done at the cost of further alienating Québec. Ultimately, Trudeau pursued patriation to strengthen national unity. While this was successful to a degree, it failed with regard to Québec.
STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENDIDIK AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Lestari Yola , Japeri Japeri , Namira Silva , Engkizar Engkizar , Anwar Fuady
Published: November 2022

This research is aimed to find the teachers‘ strategies in educating the student’s moral in primary school. The research used a qualitative method with the case study approach. The research data source was gotten by doing the interview, using a set interview protocol with fifteen respondents-the teacher of Islamic education, Quran teacher and the students. The data was analyzed thematically by using the software qualitative Nvivo 12. Overall, the results of the research got five themes relate to the teachers‘strategies in educating morals, such as:  Conducting weekly lectures, Set a good example at the school, Giving advice to the students individually, Teach the moral lesson at the school, and Giving a warning and punishment to the students that doing the bad thing. All of those strategies was done by the teachers based on the result of this research. It can be a reference to others in educating students‘moral.
KEMAMPUAN LITERASI BACA TULIS NUMERASI SERTA BUDAYA DAN KEWARGAAN SISWA MI DI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Jannah Raihanatul
Published: November 2022

This study aims to find out the ability of literacy, numeracy, citizenship and cultural literacy of Islamic elementary school students in Banjarmasin. The sample in this study amounted to 106 students of class V Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Banjarmasin which was determined by purposive sampling. The technique of collecting data is objective test. Data processing through editing, classification, scoring, and tabulating. Data were analysed by quantitative descriptive method with inductive decision-making techniques. Student ability in literacy is still sufficient with an average value of 56.03, while numeracy literacy is still lacking with an average value of 34.84. The citizenship cultural literacy also showed the same results as literacy, which was on the sufficient criteria with an average value of 54.19. The lacking in numeracy is caused by student ability to operate addition, multiplication and division that is not yet good. Meanwhile, the respondents did not understand the content of the text. In addition, the respondent’s achievement is also influent by the format or type of question. Students are not used to doing test with the AKM format.
Estimasi Data Hilang pada Rancangan Split–Block Menggunakan Metode Yates
Authors: Nurhafizah  , I Gede Ekaputra Gunartha  , Nurul Fitriyani
Published: November 2022

Rancangan split-block merupakan suatu rancangan percobaan dengan dua faktor atau lebih, dimana ketepatan pengaruh interaksi antar faktor lebih diutamakan dibandingkan dengan pengaruh mandiri masing-masing faktor. Dalam percobaan yang dilakukan, seringkali pelaksanaannya tidak sesuai dengan yang diharapkan, sehingga kadangkala menyebabkan tidak lengkapnya data yang diperoleh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai estimasi data yang tidak lengkap atau data hilang pada rancangan split-block, serta mengukur kesalahan dan ketelitian hasil estimasi data hilang yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengestimasi data hilang adalah metode Yates, yaitu metode dengan nilai estimasi yang meminimumkan jumlah kuadrat galat percobaan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan pada data simulasi, diberikan hasil bahwa semakin banyak jumlah data yang hilang yang diestimasi dengan menggunakan metode Yates, maka semakin banyak iterasi yang dibutuhkan, sehingga menyebabkan metode estimasi menjadi kurang efisien. Selanjutnya, jumlah iterasi dalam proses estimasi, ukuran kesalahan, dan ukuran ketelitian yang diperoleh dari hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai estimasi terbaik adalah ketika data hilang yang dimiliki maksimal 2 (dua) data hilang.
Model Matematika Mangsa-Pemangsa dengan Sebagian Mangsa Sakit dan Pemanenan pada Pemangsa
Authors: Rina  , Yuliani  , Muh. Ilyas
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui analisis model matematika mangsa-pemangsa dengan sebagian mangsa sakit dan pemanenan pada pemangsa. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh tiga titik keseimbangan yaitu , , dan T3. Analisis kestabilan titik keseimbangan dilakukan dengan metode linearisasi di sekitar titik keseimbangan interior  kemudian dari matriks Jacobi diperoleh persamaan karakteristik yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji Kestabilan Hurwitz. Melalui simulasi numerik dengan menggunakan nilai parameter yang dimodifikasi dari penelitian sebelumnya, diperoleh titik keseimbangan interior  yang stabil asimtotik.
Persamaan Relasi Fuzzy Dan Aplikasinya Pada Proses Diagnosis Penyakit
Authors: Muhammd Abdy  , Fardinah  , Meryta Febrilian Fatimah
Published: November 2022

Relasi pada himpunan biasa merepresentasikan adanya keterkaitan diantara elemen-elemen dalam pasangan terurut dari dua himpunan. Derajat keterkaitan dari hubungan antara elemen dalam pasangan terurut tersebut diukur oleh fungsi karakteristik , yaitu fungsi yang memetakan setiap pasangan terurut kedalam himpunan . Fungsi karakteristik  tersebut dapat diperluas sehingga  akan memetakan setiap pasangan terurut ke dalam interval [0,1]. Fungsi yang diperluas ini disebut fungsi keanggotaan dan relasinya disebut sebagai relasi fuzzy. Relasi fuzzy dalam ruang perkalian yang sama dapat dikombinasikan antara satu dengan yang lain. Kombinasi relasi fuzzy yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah komposisi max-min. komposisi tersebut dapat diinterpretasikan sebagai indikasi kekuatan suatu hubungan yang dinyatakan oleh derajat keanggotaan hubungan tersebut. Representasi dari kekuatan ini akan dipakai dalam aplikasi pada proses diagnose penyakit, yaitu menentukan hubungan antara gejala dan penyakit, antara pasien dan penyakit, dan antara pasien dan gejala.
ANALISIS MODEL MATEMATIKA PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT ISPA
Authors: Nurfadilah  , Hikmah  , Fardinah
Published: November 2022

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria and an unhealthy environment. The number of sufferers of this disease tends to increase and expand. The purpose of this study was to construct a mathematical model of the SEHAR epidemic (Suspectible-Exposed-Infected-Asthma-Recovered), analyze the stability of the equilibrium point and simulate the model. The results obtained are the SEHAR mathematical model for the spread of ARI disease which produces a disease-free equilibrium point and an endemic equilibrium point from the model. The method used is the stability analysis of the model using the Routh-Hurwitz Criteria to identify the characteristics of the eigenvalues. From the results of the stability analysis, it is found that the disease-free equilibrium point Eo and the endemic equilibrium point E1 are stable if the conditions for the relationship between parameters are met. At the end of the study, a simulation model was given using the Maple application
Pengintegralan Numerik untuk Interval Titik yang Tidak Sama menggunakan Aturan Boole
Authors: Nopriani Nopriani , Ansar Ahmad , Ekawati Darma
Published: November 2022

Secara umum pengintegralan numerik didasarkan pada interval titik yang sama namum pada kenyataannya dihadapkan pada persoalan pengintegralan numerik dengan interval titik yang tidak sama. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh rumus umum pengintegralan numerik untuk interval titik yang tidak sama dengan menggunakan selisih terbagi Newton sehingga diperoleh rumus umum dan error dari integrasi numerik dengan menggunakan aturan Boole. Selanjutnya disimulasikan contoh integrasi numerik dengan bantuan Program MATLAB untuk membandingkan hasil numerik dan analitik sehingga diperoleh hasil yang mendekati nilai eksak. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi numerik diketahui bahwa semakin banyak subinterval yang digunakan maka semakin menghampiri solusi eksak atau solusi sejati.
Çevrimiçi Sanatla Grup Terapisinin Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kişisel ve Duygusal Farkındalıkları Üzerine Etkileri: Nitel Bir Çalışma
Authors: BODUR ATALAY Gizem
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bir grup üniversite öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilen çevrimiçi sanatla grup terapinin öğrencilerin kişisel ve duygusal farkındalıkları üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. 6 hafta süresince uygulanan çevrimiçi sanatla grup terapi atölyeleri öncesinde tüm katılımcılara duygusal öz farkındalık, kaygı ve depresyon ön değerlendirme testleri uygulanmıştır. Ön değerlendirme için kullanılan ölçekler, geçerlilik ve güvenirliği ispatlanmış olan “Duygusal Öz Farkındalık Ölçeği-10” ve “Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği’dir. Niteliksel bulgular, katılımcıların her oturum sonrası ve tüm oturumlar sonrasında doldurdukları açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan “Sanat Terapi Oturumunu Değerlendirme Anketi” ve “Grup Sürecini Değerlendirme Anketi” yanıtlarının fenomenolojik analizinden elde edilmiştir. Yorumlayıcı fenomenolojik analiz sonucundan elde edilen içgörü kazanımı teması ile yapılan sanatla grup terapi oturumlarının, kişisel farkındalık edinimi üzerinde etkili olduğu; bunun yanı sıra duygusal farkındalık edinimi, duygusal dışavurum ve duygusal regülasyon becerisi üzerinde etkileri olduğu görülmektedir. Bunlarla birlikte katılımcıların yazılı geribildirimlerinden çevrimiçi sanatla grup terapi sürecindeki grup içi iletişimin kendilerini açmayı sağladığı, grupta yapılan paylaşımların kendilerini rahatlattığı, gruptakilerle özdeşim kurma, paylaşımlardan öğrenme ve farkındalık edinme gibi etkileri olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Kemampuan representasi matematis siswa pada materi kesebangunan dan kekongruenan di kampung sukawening
Authors: Marliani Suci , Puspitasari Nitta
Published: November 2022

The ability to mathematical representation is an important aspect that must be learned and mastered by students. The knowledge of mathematical representation helps students in the understanding of concepts, problem-solving, mathematical communication, mathematical connection, and the application of mathematical ideas through modeling. The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of students’ mathematical representation in similar and congruent materials. The type of research used was in the form of descriptive qualitative with the research subjects of four students of junior high school class IX in Sukawening Village. Data collection techniques used include tests, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that students' mathematical representation ability is moderate. The average score obtained from the three measured indicators was 44.8%. The highest score is found in the verbal indicator, which is 50%, followed by the image indicator at 42.5%, and the symbol indicator at 40.62%. Problems faced by students in answering the measured indicators, including low understanding and mastery of mathematical concepts and students' errors in understanding the material. This results in students not being able to represent their mathematical ideas and ideas in the ordered form. Kemampuan representasi matematis merupakan aspek penting yang harus dipelajari dan dikuasai oleh siswa. Kemampuan representasi matematis membantu siswa dalam dalam pemahaman konsep, penyelesaian masalah, komunikasi matematis, koneksi matematis, dan penerapan ide matematis melalui pemodelan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kemampuan representasi matematis siswa pada materi kesebangunan dan kekongruenan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek penelitian empat orang siswa SMP kelas IX yang berada di Kampung Sukawening. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan diantaranya tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan representasi matematis siswa ada pada kategori sedang. Rata-rata skor yang diperoleh dari ketiga indikator yang diukur sebesar 44,8%. Skor tertinggi terdapat pada indikator verbal, yakni 50%, diikuti oleh indikator gambar sebesar 42,5%, dan indikator simbol sebesar 40,62%. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh siswa dalam menjawab indikator yang diukur, diantaranya rendahnya pemahaman dan penguasaan konsep matematis dan kesalahan siswa dalam memahami materi. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan siswa belum mampu merepresentasikan ide dan gagasan matematisnya ke dalam bentuk yang diperintahkan.
Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas viii smp pada materi geometri
Authors: Nurhanifah Nova
Published: November 2022

The ability to think creatively is a very important ability that everyone has. In everyday life, everyone is always faced with problems that must be solved and require the ability to think creatively to find solutions to the problems at hand. Therefore, the ability to think creatively needs to be formed and developed in school, one of which is through learning mathematics. The ability to think creatively is the ability to find various kinds of new solutions to a mathematical problem in an easy, flexible, and acceptable way. Therefore, this study examines how the mathematical creative thinking ability VIII in one of the Junior High Schools (SMP) in Garut Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The indicators of mathematical creative thinking ability used to display (fluency), flexibility (flexibility), originality (originality), and elaboration (elaboration). This research was conducted on 5 students using a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques in this study is through interview tests. The test used in this study is a mathematical creative thinking ability test in the form of triangle and quadrilateral material test questions that are adjusted to the indicators of mathematical creative thinking ability. While interviews with students as leverage the results of the tests given by researchers. The results showed that the mathematical creative thinking ability in the school was still low. Kemampuan berpikir kreatif merupakan kemampuan yang sangat penting dimiliki setiap orang. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari setiap orang selalu dihadapkan dengan masalah yang harus dipecahkan dan menuntut kemampuan berpikir kreatif untuk menemukan solusi dari permasalahan yang dihadapi. Maka dari itu kemampuan berpikir kreatif perlu dibentuk dan dikembangkan sejak sekolah, salah satunya melalui pembelajaran matematika. Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis adalah kemampuan menemukan berbagai macam solusi yang bersifat baru terhadap suatu masalah matematika secara mudah, fleksibel dan dapat diterima kebenarannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas VIII di salah satu Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) di Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis yang digunakan yaitu kelancaran (fluency), kelenturan (flexibility), keaslian (originality), dan elaborasi (elaboration). Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 5 orang siswa dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu melalui tes wawancara. Tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematik berupa soal tes materi segitiga dan segiempat yang disesuaikan dengan indikator kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematik. Sedangkan wawancara kepada siswa sebagai verifikasi dari hasil pengerjaan tes yang diberikan peneliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis di sekolah tersebut masih rendah.
Risk reduction and prevention of cardiovascular diseases: biological mechanisms of lycopene
Authors: Rejali Laila , Ozumerzifon Stephanie , Nayeri Hashem , Asgary Sedigheh
Published: November 2022

Background and aims: The conservational effects of dietary interventions as advantageous instruments in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have gotten more attention in recent years. Numerous nutritional epidemiological studies have highlighted the ability of diets to decrease costly care and treatments as well as adverse side effects from standard treatments. Lycopene is a non-pro-vitamin A carotenoid that is present in tomatoes, processed tomato products, and different fruits like watermelon, autumn olive, gac, pink grapefruit, pink guava, papaya, sea buckthorn, and wolfberry. As one of the most powerful antioxidants among dietary tetraterpenoids, lycopene can also assist in lowering the risk of early death and extending life in patients with heart disease. By reducing the destructive effects of free radicals along with total and “bad” LDL cholesterol levels while increasing “good” HDL cholesterol, lycopene holds the power to reduce the risk factors of heart disease.  Several studies have investigated a reduction of oxidized-LDL (oxLDL) cholesterol levels following lycopene consumption which supports these claims and suggests the conceivable function of lycopene in the blockage of oxidative stress-associated CVD. A negative correlation between serum lycopene concentration and mortality of people with metabolic syndrome was found. Over 10 years, researchers observed a 39% decreased chance of premature death in individuals with the metabolic disease who had the highest blood concentrations of lycopene. Lycopene’s protective impacts are especially beneficial in those with low blood antioxidant levels or high levels of oxidative stress. This includes older adults, smokers, and diabetic individuals or other vascular disorders. Lycopene intake has been thought to reduce the risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus.Lycopene acts as an antihypertensive agent by impeding the angiotensin-converting enzyme and improving the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the endothelium. The purpose of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms of lycopene in the prevention of CVD. Keywords: Lycopene, Risk factors of heart disease, Antioxidants, Carotenoids, Cardio-metabolic, Insulin resistance