bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunization with Anaplasma centrale Msp2 HVRs Is Less Effective than the Live A. centrale Vaccine against Anaplasmosis
Authors: Falghoush Azeza , Ku Pei-Shin , Brayton Kelly A.
Published: September 2023

Bovine anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma marginale, is the most prevalent tick-transmitted pathogen of livestock globally. In many parts of the world, Anaplasma centrale, a related organism, is used as a live blood-borne vaccine as it causes either no or only a mild clinical disease. Anaplasma centrale does not prevent infection with A. marginale but does prevent acute disease. Anaplasma centrale is prohibited from being used in the U.S. due to the risk of transmitting emerging pathogens. Both of these organisms encode proteins known as major surface protein 2 (Msp2), which is the most immunodominant protein for the organism. Both organisms persist in their host by evading clearance, i.e., the adaptive immune response, by recombining the hypervariable region (HVR) of msp2 with pseudogene alleles. The study goal was to test whether the Msp2 HVRs encoded by A. centrale are a sufficient source of immune stimulation to provide the clinical protection exhibited by the blood-borne vaccine. Calves were inoculated with recombinantly expressed A. centrale HVRs. Control groups were inoculated with saponin or infected with the A. centrale live vaccine and compared with the test group. A Western blot analysis demonstrated that the HVR immunizations and A. centrale live vaccine stimulated an immune response. All animals in the study became infected upon challenge with A. marginale-infected ticks. The saponin-immunized control group had a high PPE (5.4%) and larger drops in PCVs (14.6%). As expected, the A. centrale-immunized animals were protected from acute disease with lower (0.6%) parasitemia and lower drops in PCV (8.6%). The HVR-immunized group had intermediate results that were not statistically significantly different from either the negative or positive controls. This suggests that the HVR immunogen does not fully recapitulate the protective capacity of the live vaccine.
Acceptance of the COVID-19 Vaccine by Prisoners and Staff in Spanish Prisons
Authors: Vicente-Alcalde Nancy , Sferle Sorina Madalina , Franco-Paredes Carlos , Tuells José
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 vaccination of prisoners and prison staff represents a public health intervention to reduce the impact of the pandemic in conglomerate settings. In Spanish prisons, the road map of the Ministry of Health was followed to protect the population at risk. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination by prisoners and prison staff in a prison in Alicante, Spain. We analyzed data obtained through a standardized, self-administered, and anonymous questionnaire; 1016 prisoners and 288 prison staff responded to the survey. The majority of inmates and staff reported no history of symptomatic COVID-19, 90.15% and 91.66%, respectively. Respondents reported that 88.72% agreed to be vaccinated and 89.64% would recommend the vaccine to others. Approximately 89% believe that the benefit of getting vaccinated against COVID-19 is greater than the risk, and 70.55% reported that vaccination should be mandatory for inmates and staff to participate in some activities. The acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among prisoners and prison staff is high in a Provincial Prison in Spain. Elevated acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination in prisons is a major factor in public health intervention and vaccine equity.
CXCR3 Provides a Competitive Advantage for Retention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells Following a Mucosal Tuberculosis Vaccine
Authors: Armitage Ellis , Quan Diana , Flórido Manuela , Palendira Umaimainthan , Triccas James A. , Britton Warwick J.
Published: September 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major human pathogen, and new vaccines are needed to prevent transmission. Mucosal vaccination may confer protection against M. tuberculosis by stimulating tissue-resident memory (TRM) CD4+ T cells in the lungs. The chemokine receptor CXCR3 promotes lung recruitment of T cells, but its role in TRM development is unknown. This study demonstrates the recombinant influenza A virus vaccine PR8.p25, expressing the immunodominant M. tuberculosis T cell epitope p25, induces CXCR3 expression on p25-specific CD4+ T cells in the lungs so that the majority of vaccine-induced CD4+ TRM expresses CXCR3 at 6 weeks. However, CXCR3−/− mice developed equivalent antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses to wild-type (WT) mice following PR8.p25, and surprisingly retained more p25-specific CD4+ TRM in the lungs than WT mice at 6 weeks. The adoptive transfer of CXCR3−/− and WT P25 T cells into WT mice revealed that the initial recruitment of vaccine-induced CD4+ T cells into the lungs was independent of CXCR3, but by 6 weeks, CXCR3-deficient P25 T cells, and especially CXCR3−/− TRM, were significantly reduced compared to CXCR3-sufficient P25 T cells. Therefore, although CXCR3 was not essential for CD4+ TRM recruitment or retention, it provided a competitive advantage for the induction of M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ TRM in the lungs following pulmonary immunization.
An RNA-Scaffold Protein Subunit Vaccine for Nasal Immunization
Authors: Lam Joy-Yan , Wong Wan-Man , Yuen Chun-Kit , Ng Yau-Yee , San Chun-Hin , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Kok Kin-Hang
Published: September 2023

Developing recombinant proteins as nasal vaccines for inducing systemic and mucosal immunity against respiratory viruses is promising. However, additional adjuvants are required to overcome the low immunogenicity of protein antigens. Here, a self-adjuvanted protein-RNA ribonucleoprotein vaccine was developed and found to be an effective nasal vaccine in mice and the SARS-CoV-2 infection model. The vaccine consisted of spike RBD (as an antigen), nucleoprotein (as an adaptor), and ssRNA (as an adjuvant and RNA scaffold). This combination robustly induced mucosal IgA, neutralizing antibodies and activated multifunctional T-cells, while also providing sterilizing immunity against live virus challenge. In addition, high-resolution scRNA-seq analysis highlighted airway-resident immune cells profile during prime-boost immunization. The vaccine also possesses modularity (antigen/adaptor/RNA scaffold) and can be made to target other viruses. This protein-RNA ribonucleoprotein vaccine is a novel and promising approach for developing safe and potent nasal vaccines to combat respiratory virus infections.
La ópera Annette… o la vida en la Sociedad de la Información de los años 2020
Authors: González Jurado Deborah
Published: September 2023

La ópera rock Annette –del trío Sparks & Carax– marca un hito musical, visual y social en el contexto de su aparición, pues echa el cerrojo al pasado siendo parte de un futuro al que nos muestra instalado y con visos de quedarse… aunque no sea el que esperábamos. Como producto artístico-comercial de ficción, la obra se sitúa por antonomasia en el imaginario colectivo y en retroalimentación mutua con éste. Refleja y se refleja en la realidad, siempre imaginada. Este artículo realiza un acercamiento a sus contextos histórico-sociales e identifica algunos de los nuevos paradigmas e ideas-fuerza de las mentalidades colectivas enunciados en esta creación a través del análisis cualitativo de sus temáticas, estructura narrativa y lenguaje simbólico.
Tefla Madlouma. Resiliencias femeninas y memoria cultural saharaui a través de la realización de un vídeo musical etnográficamente fundamentado
Authors: Ranocchiari Dario , Romero Luque Jara
Published: September 2023

Tefla madlouma es una canción de Mariem Hassan, una de las grandes artistas saharauis. En ella Hassan relata la violencia sufrida por una jóven, transformando un abuso individual en una metáfora del conflicto en curso desde los años 1970 en el Sahara Occidental, que ve enfrentados el Frente Polisario y las fuerzas armadas marroquíes. Considerada particularmente significativa por las mujeres saharauis, Tefla madlouma ha sido elegida por un grupo de activistas del proyecto de etnografía colaborativa Sahara Soundscapes (que incluye las autoras de este texto) para realizar un videoclip musical colectivo. Más allá de su posible aporte a la causa, el proceso creativo y colaborativo que ha visto implicadas a activistas saharauis y no saharauis, etnógrafas y profesionales de la comunicación, ha constituido una ocasión para reflexionar conjuntamente sobre el papel de las mujeres y de su música en la sociedad y cultura saharaui. En este artículo describimos este proceso, desde la grabación de una cover del tema original hasta el montaje final, reflexionando también sobre el uso, en la etnografía colaborativa de las prácticas musicales, de los “vídeos musicales etnográficamente fundamentados”.
Investigation of the Genotoxic Effects of the Analgesic Drugs Piroxicam and Tenoxicam in Human Lymphocytes
Authors: GÜL Hümeyra , AVULOĞLU YILMAZ Ece
Published: September 2023

Analgesics are one of the most widely used drug groups in the world. Since the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of some analgesic drugs have been detected, studies investigating these effects have increased. In this study, the genotoxic effects of the analgesic drugs Tenoxicam and Piroxicam were investigated in vitro in human peripheral lymphocytes by chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronucleus (MN) assays. In addition, mitotic index (MI) and nuclear division index (NDI) values were also determined. As a result, no difference in chromosomal abnormalities was observed in both 24 and 48 hours of Piroxicam treatment. Micronucleus frequency was increased at the three highest concentrations (0.94, 1.88 and 3.75 µg/mL) compared to the control. Piroxicam significantly decreased MI compared to both control and solvent control at concentrations of 1.88 and 3.75 µg/mL at all exposure times. Tenoxicam showed a statistically significant increase at the highest concentration (10 μg/mL) compared to the control in the 24 h CA treatment. On the other hand, no effect was observed in 48-hour CA treatment. It was concluded that tenoxicam did not cause a toxic effect at any concentration except the highest concentration (10 μg/mL) in the MN assay results. Mitotic index (MI) significantly decreased at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 μg/mL. Nuclear division index (NDI) results did not change for both agents. In conclusion, both agents were found to be genotoxic only at high concentrations and the effect was weak. This study is pioneering as there have been no previous in vitro studies in human peripheral lymphocytes for both Piroxicam and Tenoxicam. These results need to be supported by different cell groups and in vivo assays.
ZNACZENIE TERAPII INTEGRACJI SENSORYCZNEJ WŚRÓD DZIECI Z ZABURZENIAMI NEUROROZWOJOWYMI
Authors: Drzeżdzon Paulina
Published: September 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie znaczenia terapii integracji sensorycznej (SI), prowadzonej wśród dzieci i młodzieży konfrontujących się na co dzień z zaburzeniami neurorozwojowymi. Przedstawiono w nim zastosowanie i przebieg terapii SI oraz jej zasady ustanowione przez samą prekursorkę tej metody – Anne Jean Ayres. W pracy zarekomendowano również Czytelnikom holistyczno-edukacyjny program Makaton oraz placówki usprawniające rozwój dzieci i młodzieży metodą integracji sensorycznej.
AKCEPTACJA DZIECI Z NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNOŚCIAMI W WARUNKACH EDUKACJI WŁĄCZAJĄCEJ NA PODSTAWIE BADAŃ PRZEPROWADZONYCH W SZKOLE PODSTAWOWEJ IM. KAWALERÓW ORDERU UŚMIECHU W RUDZIENKU
Authors: Gorczyca Marlena
Published: September 2023

Celem badania było zdiagnozowanie procesu włączania oraz ocena poziomu akceptacji dzieci z niepełnosprawnościami przez zdrowych rówieśników w placówce ogólnodostępnej – Szkole Podstawowej im. Kawalerów Orderu Uśmiechu w Rudzienku. We wprowadzeniu przedstawiono problem wykluczenia społecznego, ideę edukacji włączającej na podstawie raportów oraz analizy literatury przedmiotu. Część empiryczna prezentuje wyniki badań uzyskane za pomocą metody sondażu diagnostycznego, techniki ankiety oraz wywiadu przy użyciu narzędzi własnej konstrukcji – kwestionariusza ankiety i kwestionariusza wywiadu. Analiza wyników badań własnych obejmuje takie zagadnienia jak: poziom świadomości na temat obecności uczniów z niepełno-sprawnościami w grupie rówieśniczej, postrzeganie dzieci z niepełnosprawnościami w grupie rówieśniczej, wydarzenia i imprezy poświęcone włączaniu dzieci z niepełnosprawnościami do życia szkolnego i społecznego, przedstawienie wyników wywiadu z pedagogiem szkolnym. Analiza wyników przeprowadzonych badań wykazała, że nauka oraz integracja pełnosprawnych i niepełnosprawnych uczniów w warunkach edukacji włączającej w badanej placówce przebiega sprawnie, a poziom akceptacji dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi wśród rówieśników jest dość wysoki.
AKCEPTACJA NAUCZYCIELI Z TATUAŻAMI PRZEZ RODZICÓW UCZNIÓW
Authors: Czyżewska Zofia
Published: September 2023

Zdobienie swojego ciała za pomocą igły i różnego rodzaju barwników staje się co raz bardziej popularne i akceptowalne społecznie. Zdarza się jednak, że wytatuowa-ne osoby spotykają się z wykluczeniem w pracy właśnie z powodu swojego dobrowolnie zmienionego wyglądu. Tatuaż u nauczyciela w XXI wieku nie powinien budzić żadnych negatywnych odczuć, o ile nie zawiera obraźliwych treści. Pracodawcy i rodzice mają wobec pedagogów szereg przeróżnych wymagań. Czy oczekiwania dotyczące wyglądu nie godzą w prawo do wolności człowieka? Obecnie brak jest badań dotyczących wykluczenia osób z tatuażami w tej grupie zawodowej. Wnioski zawarte w tej publikacji dają jednak nadzieję na rozpowszechnienie zachowań tolerancyjnych i akceptację nauczycieli z tatuażami w miejscach pracy.
İslâm Dünyasında Liderlik Rekabeti: Memlûk – İlhanlı Mücadelesi Bağlamında Sultan Muhammed b. Kalavun’un Hac Ziyaretleri
Authors: UZUN Kazım
Published: September 2023

İslâm dünyasında liderlik hilafet makamında tecessüm etmiştir. Fiilî yön ve boyutlarının yanı sıra, bu makam yüzyıllar içerisinde geleneksel ve temsilî bir boyut da kazanmış ve hatta belirli bir noktadan itibaren makamın bu geleneksel hususiyeti uhdesindeki eylemsel güç ve tesirinden daha etkili ve önemli bir hal almıştır. Bununla birlikte, 1258 yılında Moğolların Bağdat’ı işgali ve Abbâsî Halifesi’ni katli Müslüman dünya açısından bir travmaya ve aynı zamanda bir takım belirsizliklere neden olmuştur. 1250’ler itibariyle, uzun süreden beri halifelerin çok tesirli bir gücü haiz olmadıkları malumdur. Ancak hilafet makamının İslâm dünyasındaki geleneksel temsilî değeri Bağdat’ın işgaliyle yok olmamış, dolayısıyla da bu noktadaki toplumsal beklenti varlığını korumuştur. Sultan Baybars bu beklentiyle, özelde kendi iktidarı ve genelde Memlûklerin İslâm dünyasındaki siyasi ve sosyo-dinî hedeflerini birleştirerek, yaklaşık üç buçuk yıllık bir aradan sonra, Abbâsî soyundan bir kişiye biat edip hilafet makamını 1261 yılında Kahire’de ihya etmiştir. Böylece, tıpkı daha önceki tarihi süreçte olduğu gibi, devingen bir zeminde anlaşılması ve kavranması gereken hilafet Memlûkler himayesinde yeni bir sürece girmiştir. Bu yeni süreç İslâm dünyasındaki liderliğin geleneksel tezahürü olan hilafet makamının korunduğu, ancak bununla birlikte, Müslüman dünyadaki liderlik iddiasının başka vasıtalar üzerinden de ifade edilmeye başlandığı bir neticenin oluşmasında işlerlik göstermiştir. Bu ifadelerden en önemlisi Hicaz’ın, dolayısıyla da Harameyn’in hâkimiyeti ve himayesidir. Tabii olarak bu durum Memlûkler öncesinde, Memlûkler zamanında ve sonrasında yaşanan gelişmelerle bağlantılı olarak farklı uzamları ve pek çok yönü bulunan, ayrıca tedrîcî şekilde gelişen bir süreç meselesidir. Bununla birlikte, Sultan en-Nâsır Muhammed’in üçüncü saltanat döneminde Memlûk–İlhanlı ilişkileri ve Sultan’ın bu dönemdeki üç hac seferi işaret edilen bağlamda özellikle önemlidir ve bir kırılma noktası teşkil etmiştir. Bu çalışmada, mezkûr yeni liderlik iddiasının ifade biçiminin oluşum ve gelişiminde Memlûk - İlhanlı ilişkilerinin rolü ve Sultan en-Nâsır Muhammed’in bu süreçteki üç haccının etkisi tespit ve tetkike çalışılmıştır.
At the Crossroads of Competing Confessions and Politics: al-Turtūshī’s Experience in the Fātimid Alexandria
Authors: ŞEN Muhammed Seyyit
Published: September 2023

The tenth and eleventh centuries witnessed significant social and political transformations in the Islamic World. While the Buwayhid Dynasty began to control Iraq in 945, the Fātimid Dynasty started to dominate Egypt in 969. Besides, Christian Europeans set up crusades and managed to capture important Muslim cities in al-Andalus and the Middle East during the late eleventh century. These transformations had certain impacts on the Sunnī Muslim scholars. Through examination of an Andalusian scholar, Abū Bakr al-Turtūshī's life and works, I will analyze how al-Turtūshī as a Sunnī Muslim scholar encountered different confessional groups (Shi‘īs, Jews, Christians, and Sūfīs) and how he made an effort to shape the Shi'ī Fātimid politics in harmony with the Sunnī Islam. In addition, I will explore how he aimed to draw strict religious boundaries between Muslims and non-Muslims in Fātimid Egypt. Furthermore, I will examine how he attempted to reconstruct the Sunnī identity and reform social life in Medieval Egypt.
Osmanlı Devleti’nde Depremlere Karşı Sismografların Kullanılması
Authors: GEÇİLİ Derya
Published: September 2023

Erken kültürlerde depremler için verilen açıklama, diğer doğal afetlerle aynı olmuştur. Onlara göre depremler; ilahi gazabın sonucunda meydana gelmiştir. 18. Yüzyıla kadar bu düşünce Avrupa’da değişmemiştir. Bilimin genişlemesiyle birlikte diğer birçok alan gibi deprem çalışmalarının da bir uzmanlık halini alabileceği görülmüştür. Deprem ve yeryüzünde meydana gelen hareketleri inceleyen sismoloji alanı 19. yüzyılın sonlarında sismik kayıt cihazlarının gelişmesiyle ortaya çıkmıştır. Sismoloji diğer adıyla deprem bilimi, yer hareketlerini ve depremi inceleyen bir bilim dalı olmuştur. Bir süre sonra Avrupa’da depremden haberdar olabilmek, hasarı en aza indirmek amacıyla sismograf araçları da kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Osmanlı Devleti’nde tarih boyunca depremlerden dolayı çok büyük acılar yaşanarak zararları görülmüştür. Özellikle 1894 depreminin yarattığı sorunlar ve büyük kayıplardan dolayı yerin hareketleriyle depremin kuvvet durumunun belirlenebilmesi için çalışmalara başlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Avrupa’dan uzmanlar getirilip sismograflar satın alınarak depremin yeri, büyüklüğü ve derinliğine ilişkin elde edilen sismolojik veriler incelenmiştir. Aşağıda Osmanlı Devleti’nde depremlere karşı alınan önlemler ve sismolojik çalışmalar anlatılmıştır.
ONLINE HARASSMENT AGAINST WOMEN POLITICAL JOURNALISTS ON TWITTER
Authors: BALOĞLU Enes
Published: September 2023

Journalistic practices are negatively affected by digitalization and economic developments. In particular, digitalization both extends the working hours of journalists and makes them more accessible than ever before. The accessibility of journalists online exposes them not only to positive feedback but also to negative feedback. In this sense, one of the most important problems of journalists is online harassment. Therefore, this study analyzes the comments on political information, opinions or news shared by women journalists in Turkey on Twitter. In this context, the online harassment that political journalists in Turkey are exposed to on Twitter is analyzed. The study mainly aims to reveal the types of online harassment Turkish women political journalists face on Twitter. According to the results of the study, the majority (60.97%) of the comments made to women journalists consist of negative discourse.The most common negative discourse against women journalists (n=31,489) is swearing.The data obtained allows for the comparison of the types of online harassment faced by journalists in different countries and the identification of similarities and differences.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENERIMA PKH MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAW
Authors: Sektio Ririn  , Firliana Rina , Andriyanto Teguh , Sucipto
Published: September 2023

The Family Hope Program is a conditional social assistance program for poor and vulnerable families and/or individuals. The current problem is that the process of determining PKH beneficiaries by PKH administrators and assistants in Bendolo Village is still done manually and has not been supported by an optimal system. Decision Support System In determining beneficiaries, there are 6 criteria used. Problems often occur in the selection of beneficiaries, one of which is the long process of determining beneficiaries and the emergence of community prejudice regarding beneficiaries of the program. The result of this study is the formation of a decision support system to determine eligible and ineligible PKH beneficiary candidates using the SAW method.
Kształtowanie kompetencji międzykulturowych przyszłych nauczycieli przedszkola i edukacji wczesnoszkolnej z wykorzystaniem uczenia się transformatywnego
Authors: Smoter Katarzyna
Published: September 2023

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie specyfiki akademickiego kształcenia przyszłych nauczycieli i nauczycielek przedszkola i edukacji wczesnoszkolnej w odniesieniu do wspierania rozwoju ich kompetencji międzykulturowych. Uwzględniając teoretyczne przygotowanie, działania te mogą być podjęte na zajęciach uwzględniających część praktyczną realizowaną w szkole z dziećmi z doświadczeniem migracji lub uchodźstwa. Podstawą teoretyczną staną się tutaj założenia koncepcji myślenia transformatywnego Jacka Mezirowa. W tekście ukazuję przykład wdrożenia rozwiązań związanych z rozwijaniem tych kompetencji w ramach cyklu zajęć: Edukacja międzykulturowa (30 h, 2 pkt ECTS) i Kompetencje międzykulturowe w pracy nauczyciela (30 h, 2 pkt ECTS) z obowiązkową superwizją i uwzględnieniem dziesięciu etapów uczenia się transformatywnego. Obejmują one pojawienie się dylematu dezorientacyjnego, autobadanie, krytyczną ocenę przyjętych założeń epistemologicznych, uznanie podobieństwa przeżywania analogicznej sytuacji przez inne osoby, badanie możliwości odmiennej realizacji roli nauczyciela, projektowanie przebiegu nowych działań, uzyskiwanie dodatkowej wiedzy i umiejętności, czasowe podejmowanie się nowych ról a także - będące najdłuższym i najbardziej wymagającym etapem: rozwijanie kompetencji i poczucia pewności siebie podczas interakcji międzykulturowych.
Definition and Classification of the Term Pedagogical Innovation - Systematic Review Study
Authors: Barčíková Nikola
Published: September 2023

The article is based on a systematic review study, which includes systematization, collection and analysis of relevant scientific studies in the field of pedagogy related to the issue of the definition of pedagogical innovation, its types and forms at the first level of primary schools. The main objective of the review study was to identify the definition of the concept of pedagogical innovation and its classification of types, kinds and forms at the first level of primary schools in the professional literature.  We selected the analysed literature according to criteria: scientific studies and articles published in scientific journals and periodicals, studies related to the issue of pedagogical innovation at the primary level of education, studies published in the last 20 years, studies in Slovak, Czech and English languages. We have identified a number of problems that we propose to address at the research level. These are: synonymous understanding of the terms pedagogical innovation and reform, semantic meaning of the word pedagogical innovation, pedagogical innovation and its form in the process of social change, the connection of pedagogical innovation with the innovation process, the innovation cycle, the creation of conditions in school education for the introduction of pedagogical innovations, criteria for classifying pedagogical innovation.
Edytorial: Pasja w wychowaniu człowieka
Authors: Kaczor Agnieszka , Szymańska Maria
Published: September 2023

Problematyka dotycząca pasji w wychowaniu, w edukacji, pojawia się coraz częściej w przestrzeni teoriopoznawczej, empirycznej jak i praktycznej, co wskazuje na jej istotne znaczenie dla funkcjonowania człowieka w świecie, dla budowania relacji ze sobą, z innymi, z Bogiem. Pasja niejednokrotnie określana jest jako siła motywująca i dynamizująca człowieka do działania. Jest określana jako czynnik  umożliwiający szersze poznawanie „Self”.  Sprzyja rozwijaniu autonomicznej tożsamości; prowokuje do refleksji; wzmacnia siłę woli i zaangażowanie pomimo trudności, jakie trzeba pokonać, zwłaszcza gdy dotyczy to pasji harmonijnej (H.P.) - opisanej szerzej w pracach Roberta J. Valleranda. Biorąc pod uwagę tak istotne znaczenie pasji w życiu człowieka, zwłaszcza w obszarze edukacyjnym, w imieniu całej Redakcji zapraszamy naszych Czytelników do zapoznania się z treściami niniejszego numeru Horyzontów Wychowania.
The Role of Passion Combined with the Mission to Protect Humanity Reflected in the Memoirs of Ludwik Hirszfeld
Authors: Józefów–Czerwińska Bożena
Published: September 2023

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the analysis is to illustrate the importance of Ludwig Hirszfeld’s scientific and research passion combined with his mission to protect humanity. The topic is explored in a specific historical context, which has educational value.

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The central problem of this study is the question of what is the significance of an individual who, despite the most difficult experiences, is able to overcome fear and act to protect the dignity of people subjected to dehumanization. The research methodology used was memory studies.

THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article discusses facts, mainly related to the time of World War II, including selected contexts from the biography of Ludwig Hirszfeld, who took on the mission of conquering hatred and contempt towards the victims of the German Nazis.

RESEARCH RESULTS: History education, along with learning about the memories of Holocaust victims, helps younger generations understand the importance of the mission to protect those at risk of losing their human rights.

CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Learning about those who opposed the German Nazis, and others who defended the dignity of every human being should be a subject of education for young people. This knowledge can make younger generations aware of the important role individuals can play in protecting life, which is the highest value.
Functional Literacy in the System of Adult Education
Authors: Vasylenko Olena
Published: September 2023

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The scientific aim of the article is to improve understanding of func- tional literacy (illiteracy) phenomenon and its role in adult learning system, pedagogical and socio-economic approaches to this concept.

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem is included in the questions: What are the essence, definition and constituents of functional literacy? What are pedagogical principles and techniques of functional literacy training for adults? The author uses the method of theoretical analysis of scientific works, some documents and UNESCO reports on the issues, and comparison of certain research views.

THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article starts with investigation of functional literacy in historical and contemporary dimensions, the reasons for development of the phenomenon in the world. Then we focus on various concepts and approaches to the functional literacy through the time. The next is comparison of scholars’ research on the components of functional literacy; and then we study the principles and methods, peculiarities of functional literacy training in adult education.

RESEARCH RESULTS: The research has revealed that functional literacy is a complex of social necessary knowledge and skills allowing a person to participate effectively in social process. Its constituent elements are basic, information, economic, political, cultural literacy, and many others depending on community level. Functional literacy concept and training are connected with the priorities of economic and social development. The constant interest by national and international organizations for maintaining functional literacy is explained in the work.

CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The conclusion emphasizes the importance of functional literacy for development and well-being of individual and societal progress in the community. The need for working out and implementation of specific principles, teaching materials and techniques for functional literacy training in adult learning is highlighted.
A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLINDED CONTROL STUDY COMPARING THE EFFECT OF INTRATHECAL 0.5% HEAVY BUPIVACAINE AND 0.75% ISOBARIC ROPIVACAINE IN PERIANAL SURGERIES
Authors: Bhukya Raju , Meneni Dilip , Shankar B Gowri , Srujan Goud R
Published: September 2023

Background: Regional anaesthesia plays a crucial role in surgery by providing effective pain relief, reducing complications, improving patient
outcomes, and enhancing patient satisfaction. Advancement in local anaesthesia drugs, USG-guided regional blocks, regional anaesthesia
catheters, multimodal analgesia, enhanced recovery after surgery and personalized medicine. These advancements in local anaesthesia techniques
and drugs have transformed the eld of anaesthesia, enhancing patient comfort, safety, and outcomes. As technology and research continue to
evolve, it is expected that further advancements will rene and improve local anaesthesia practices even further. Following the ethics Methods:
committee and scientic committee approval, 60 consenting patients undergoing perianal surgery under neuraxial blockade were included in the
study. The mean value for the time of onset was 2.01± 0.58min and 1.24 ± 0.48 min, where Results: as the mean time taken for the maximum spread
was 18.54 ± 5.54 and 12.56± 4.49minutes respectively in the ropivacaine group and bupivacaine group. The mean difference was statistically
signicant (p:0.00001, p:0.00002 respectively). The mean of onset of pain in the postoperative period was 295.68 ± 38.56 and 184.66 ± 22.08 in the
ropivacaine and bupivacaine group respectively, which were statistically signicant (p:<0.0000001). The mean onset of sensory, and Conclusion:
motor block and the mean time taken for maximum spread for the sensory and motor block was lesser among the Bupivacaine group. Whereas
ropivacaine had better sensory blockade and analgesia.
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY MEDIATED COMMUNICATION CHANGING THE FACE OF E-LEARNING
Authors: Bharathy A.
Published: September 2023

Recent studies have reported digital technology mediated tools (DTMC) is widely accepted as a learning platform today and has transformed from
the use of asynchronous to synchronous tools. UK India Business Council report (2022) observes that India will need 1500 more institutions in
comparison to current 959 to match growing educational needs necessitating E-Learning. The paper organizes the popular theories that explore the
conceptual framework of distance education and this base is used to understand the underlying dimensions. This conceptual study will help to
delineate the different constructs related to E-Learning and design a t model. The common thread on reviewing the various theories of DTMC
highlights interaction, human presence, nonverbal cues, personalization of content, socio-emotional interaction, needs gratication, social
presence as valued in distance educational learning as in traditional formats of learning but the inuence of these factors are more complicated due
to transactional distance. The results indicate that E-Learning is characteristic of emotion decient communication and this diminishes the
retention by participants. This breeds unacceptable behavior. The study thus highlights the need for a socioemotional perspective for the achieving
sustainable learning through DTMC.
KNOWLEDGE ENHANCEMENT ABOUT EARLY DETECTION OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE FOLLOWED BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY SCREENING IN PROBOLINGGO, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Ketut Alit Utamayasa I , Hapsari Rika
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is considered as the most congenital abnormality found in newborn. The prevalence rate of CHD
in 2017 was 17,9/1000 worldwide. One of the major reasons why this congenital abnormality remains a burden worldwide is the delayed of its
diagnosis. Probolinggo, one of the cities in East Java, Indonesia, has no pediatric cardiologist, moreover, there is no data about CHD epidemiology
of that city. The aim of this study is to improve the knowledge about early detection of CHD among healthworkers, and to provide the data about
CHD's epidemiology in Probolinggo. Materials and Methods: This study used a pre-posttest to evaluate the knowledge of healthworkers about
CHD. The intervention given was an online education by experts. The improvement of healthworkers knowledge was analyzed using pairedsample T-Test using SPSS verison 20, with p <0.05 was considered statistically signicant. The visitation was conducted in Probolinggo, consisted
of echocardiography screening by pediatric cardiologists. Participant's gender, age, chief complaints, and type of CHD were collected. Results:
There were 154 participants of online education, most of them were general pediatricians with the total of 87 (56.5%), followed by general
practitioners with 33 (21.4%). There was a statistically signicant improvement (p <0.001) in posttest score's mean (13.23/15) compared to the
pretest (10.08/15). From the visitation we obtained 23 children were diagnosed with acyanotic CHD, 6 children with cyanotic CHD, and 4 children
were normal. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was found in 13 screened children (39.39%). 15 screened children were asymptomatic (45.45%),
while 13 children had a recurrent acute respiratory infection (39.39%). Conclusions: Online education can be an effective method to improve the
basic knowledge among health workers about early detection of CHD. In Probolinggo, VSD was the most common CHD lesion.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MAGNESIUM SULFATE AND NIFEDIPINE FOR TOCOLYSIS IN PRETERM LABOR - A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Agarwal Mohita , Akanksha Akanksha , Verma Shikha
Published: September 2023

Background: Preterm labor is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity & mortality and one of the leading causes of infant mortality. Despite
substantial efforts to introduce new therapies for prevention of preterm labor, it continues to contribute signicantly to neonatal and infant
mortality. Aim: To compare the efcacy of magnesium sulfate and nifedipine for tocolysis in preterm labor. Methods: This randomized clinical
control study was conducted out at the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, S.N.M.C., Agra from Dec.2020 to Sept.2022. A total of 100
patients of preterm labor,>18 years of age with singleton pregnancy of gestational age between 28-33 weeks 6days were included in the study and
selected on the basis of inclusion & exclusion criteria, and randomly divided into two groups (50 each) i.e. Group 1 (magnesium sulfate) & Group 2
(Nifedipine).Outcome variables like cessation of uterine contractions till 48 hours (efcacy) were noted for successful or unsuccessful outcome.
Results: The mean gestational age in group1 was 31.66±1.80 weeks and in group2 was 31.72±1.68 weeks (p>0.05).There was cessation of uterine
contractions in 44 (88%) and no cessation in 6 (12%) patients in Group 1 while in Group 2, it was seen in 35 (70%) and 15 (30%) patients
respectively. So, efcacy was 88% in group 1(MgSO4) and 70% in group 2(oral nifedipine) with p-value of 0.0495. Conclusion: Magnesium
sulfate has higher efcacy i.e. 88% for acute tocolysis in preterm labor as compared to oral nifedipine and can be used as rst line drug to treat
preterm labor.
SPINAL ANAESTHESIA –A VALUABLE ANAESTHETIC MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUE IN A CASE OF SEVERE KYPHOSCOLIOSIS SCHEDULDED FOR CYSTOLITHOTRIPSY.----A CASE REPORT.
Authors: kapadiya Sandip , Shukla Dhara
Published: September 2023

Thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis provides a very unique challenging situation to anesthesiologists because of the altered anatomy and related
cardiopulmonary restrictions in the patient. In such cases planning of anesthesia becomes even more difcult. General anaesthesia has its own set
of disadvantages due to airway related complications and cardiopulmonary limitations. Spinal anaesthesia is also difcult to perform due to the
deformity of spine and spread of anesthetic drug to unpredicted level.We are presenting an interesting case of a 70 year female with severe
kyphoscoliosis planned for cystolithotripsy under spinal anaesthesia.We achieved both bilateral motor and sensory blockade upto T8 .There were
no complications with stable cardiolpumonary functions and patient reported satisfactory anaesthesia. In conclusion, spinal anesthesia can be a
successful and valuable technique even in cases of severe kyphoscoliosis.
HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE AND HEMATOXYLIN-AND-EOSIN-STAINED SECTIONBASED DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Nanwani Poonam , Patel Priya , Sharma Nidhi
Published: September 2023

The Hirschsprung disease is dened as a rare congenital intestinal disorder which is characterized by the bowel obstruction due to the presence of
aganglionic cell. Sometimes this disease is termed as Neurocristopathy, implying the disorder as a consequence of abnormality in cells and tissues
arising from the neural crest. A vast variety of diagnostic test including contrast enema used as screening test; however, the nalopinion rely upon
rectal biopsy interpretation. Moreover, the conventional hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained sections is widely used by the experienced pathologist to
establish the diagnosis of this disease. In view of this, the given article reviews the clinical and pathological features of Hirschsprung disease,
highlighting the prominent features found in patients. Further, it presents a discussion on addressing the challenging aspects of its diagnosis.
Online Machine Learning for Dynamic Line Rating of the Overhead Lines
Authors: Pau Danilo , ogliani emanuele , sakwa maciej
Published: September 2023

 In the context of energy transmission, Line Rating addresses the capacity of conductors to safely transmit energy under different conditions. Two distinct rating methods are known: Static Line Rating and Dynamic Line Rating, cor?responding to fixed worst-case weather conditions and real?time variable conditions, respectively. The assumption underlying Static Line Rating, that conductor temperature and line sag are deterministically correlated, is challenged by real-world findings, revealing stochastic relationships influenced by uncontrollable weather variability. The potential for safely operating trans?mission lines beyond their static-rated capacity is discussed, emphasizing the use of Dynamic Line Rating with advanced technologies. A novel architecture involving temperature sensors, laser diodes, and optical fibers is introduced for achieving Dynamic Line Rating. The proposed system enables real-time temperature monitoring and transmission to a control station for optimized energy transport. Various implementation options, from integrated solutions to external attachments, are considered. The abstract concludes with an overview of the learning process for modeling temperature behaviors and line current allocation using an Echo State Network, showcasing its suitability for capturing dynamic complexities in the context of transmission line rating. 
Collaborative Solutions in Crisis: Documenting Open-Source Initiatives During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Keogh Colin
Published: September 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unparalleled global crisis that has led to a surge in innovative responses. Central to this innovation landscape was the emergence of open-source projects that offered rapid, collaborative solutions, complementing scientifically led endeavors. This paper undertakes a comprehensive exploration of open-source innovations during the pandemic, chronicling their instigation, impact, and broader implications for research and development (R&D) paradigms. Utilizing a meticulously curated database of open-source COVID-19 innovations, we compared these projects with scientifically led initiatives and derived insights into their respective strengths, challenges, and contributions. Our findings underscore the transformative potential of collaborative research models, emphasizing the synergies between open source and scientific approaches. Furthermore, we delineate the broader implications of these findings for future R&D landscapes, highlighting the pivotal roles of community engagement, adaptability, and interdisciplinary collaboration. This study offers a holistic understanding of innovation dynamics during global crises, serving as a guide for future research endeavors and policy formulations. 
Experimental validation of an Actor-Critic Model Predictive Force Controller for robot-environment interaction tasks
Authors: Pozzi Alessandro , Puricelli Luca , Petrone Vincenzo , Ferrentino Enrico , Chiacchio Pasquale , Braghin Francesco , Roveda Loris
Published: September 2023

In industrial settings, robots are typically employed to accurately track a reference force to exert on the surrounding environment to complete interaction tasks.

Interaction controllers are typically used to achieve this goal. Still, they either require manual tuning, which demands a significant amount of time, or exact modeling of the environment the robot will interact with, thus possibly failing during the actual application.

A significant advancement in this area would be a high-performance force controller that does not need operator calibration and is quick to be deployed in any scenario.

With this aim, this paper proposes an Actor-Critic Model Predictive Force Controller (ACMPFC), which outputs the optimal setpoint to follow in order to guarantee force tracking, computed by continuously trained neural networks.

This strategy is an extension of a reinforcement learning-based one, born in the context of human-robot collaboration, suitably adapted to robot-environment interaction.

We validate the ACMPFC in a real-case scenario featuring a Franka Emika Panda robot. 

Compared with a base force controller and a learning-based approach, the proposed controller yields a reduction of the force tracking MSE, attaining fast convergence: with respect to the base force controller, ACMPFC reduces the MSE by a factor of 4.35.
Optical bistablility and thermo-optic response of integrated high index doped silica ring resonators
Authors: Moss David
Published: September 2023

The utilization and engineering of thermo-optic effects have found broad applications in integrated photonic devices, facilitating efficient light manipulation to achieve various functionalities. Here, we perform both an experimental characterization and theoretical analysis of these effects in integrated micro-ring resonators made from high index doped silica (HIDS), which have had many applications in integrated photonics and nonlinear optics. By fitting the experimental results with theory, we obtain fundamental parameters that characterize their thermo-optic performance, including the thermo-optic coefficient, the efficiency for the optically induced thermo-optic process, and the thermal conductivity. The characteristics of these parameters are compared to those of other materials commonly used for integrated photonic platforms, such as silicon, silicon nitride, and silica. These results offer a comprehensive insight into the thermo-optic properties of HIDS based devices. Understanding these properties is essential for efficiently controlling and engineering them in many practical applications. 
Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning-based Capacity Planning for On-demand Vehicular Fog Computing
Authors: Mao Wencan , Yin Jiaming , Liu Yushan , Cho Byungjin , Chen Yang , Rao Weixiong , Xiao Yu
Published: September 2023

Fog computing reduces network latency by moving computational resources close to where the data is generated. Vehicular fog computing (VFC) is an emerging computing paradigm where fog nodes deployed on moving vehicles (i.e., vehicular fog nodes (VFNs)) complement stationary fog nodes (e.g., the ones co-located with cellular base stations) to satisfy the spatiotemporally varying demand for computing resources in a cost-efficient manner. On-demand VFC (ODVFC) supports dynamic routing of VFNs, with the aim of fulfilling the spatiotemporally varying demand for computational resources in a cost-efficient manner. Different from previous works on capacity planning and vehicle routing that utilize compute-intensive optimization methods such as integer linear programming (ILP), this paper explores the feasibility of applying reinforcement learning to dynamic capacity planning in a time-efficient manner. Specifically, we propose to apply multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) with actor-critic methods to train the VFN routing policies. This approach allows distributed VFNs to cooperatively maximize the techno-economic performance of ODVFC. For evaluation, we built an open-source VFC simulation platform that integrates vehicular traffic simulation with 5G NR V2X and MARL environment. Compared with decentralized learning (i.e., each VFN independently learns its routing policy), centralized learning (i.e., using a global agent for VFN routing), and ILP methods, our proposal proves to achieve 8.3% higher revenue and 13.2% higher number of served tasks than decentralized training; and it has 40.6% and 83% lower execution time than centralized learning and ILP, respectively, with only 14% lower revenue than both. It is also scalable to real-life scenarios with a great number of users and VFNs.
Calibrated Uncertainty Quantification on Auto-Encoders for Anomaly Detection with Standard Deviation as Metric
Authors: Masakuna Jordan F. , Nkashama D'Jeff K. , Soltani Arian , Frappier Marc , Tardif Pierre-Martin , Kabanza Froduald
Published: September 2023

We use the following anomaly detection benchmark data sets:

KDDCUP is an old cyber-intrusion detection benchmark data set and conveys some well-known issues such as duplicated data points. It contains simulated military-like data for normal traffics and several types of attacks.

NSL-KDD is a revisited version of the KDDCUP data set provided by the Canadian Institute of Cybersecurity.

CIC-CSE-IDS2018 is a recent simulated data set containing normal traffics and several types of attacks from a complex network. It is a collaboration-work production between the Canadian Institute of Cybersecurity and the Communication Security Establishment [57].
A transznacionális megközelítések kontextuális különbségei a finn és a magyar irodalomban
Authors: Balázs Renáta
Published: September 2023

A transznacionális, transzkulturális és transzlingvális megközelítésmódok a nemzeti irodalomtörténet-írásról folytatott diskurzusokra is paradigmatikus hatással vannak. A finn irodalmi mező transznacionalizálódása elsősorban az elmúlt években egyre nagyobb számban publikáló női bevándorló hátterű szerzőknek köszönhető. A bevándorló hátterű szerzők műveinek fogadtatása során kialakult elméleti viták a finn irodalom nemzeti jellegének újraértékeléséhez vezettek. Ugyanakkor a Finnország határain túl születő irodalmak továbbra is hiányoznak a finn irodalomtörténeti kézikönyvekből. Jelen tanulmány fókuszában a svédországi finn irodalom elméleti megközelítései és a finn nemzeti irodalomban való elhelyezése áll. Az ún. határon túli irodalmakról is születtek kutatások a többnyelvűség és transzkulturalizmus keretében. A transznacionális megközelítések eredményeképpen az emigráns magyar irodalom is egyre nagyobb figyelmet kap. A tanulmány az itt felsorolt irodalmi jelenségek transzancionális megközelítéseinek kontextuális különbségeit tárgyalja.