bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two remarkable liverworts from human-modified landscape in Eastern Amazonia: Cololejeunea minuscula Pócs and C. satioi sp. nov.
Authors: TAKASHIMA TÁSSIA TOYOI GOMES , PÓCS TAMÁS , ILKIU-BORGES ANNA LUIZA
Published: November 2024

Two remarkable species of Cololejeunea were identified colonizing human-modified landscape in Eastern Amazonia. One is a new discovery for science, here described as Cololejeunea satioi sp. nov. (subg. Pedinolejeunea). It was found on leaves of understory treelets in selective logging forest featuring small to medium-sized clearings with an abundance of lianas, in comparison to natural forest. The other species, Cololejeunea minuscula Pócs (subg. Aphanolejeunea), is a new record for the Brazilian Amazon. It was collected in the same forest as C. satioi, in an agroforestry area characterized by a mix of regional fruit tree species and introduced hardwood species. A full description and illustration of the new species as well as comments on morphology, taxonomy and distribution of the two taxa are provided.
A new species of Phyllopalpus Uhler (Orthoptera: Trigonidiidae) from Mexico
Authors: FIGUEROA JOSE ISAAC , RAMOS-ORTIZ SELENE , PINEDA SAMUEL , MARTÍNEZ ANA MABEL , PALMA-CASTILLO LUIS JESÚS
Published: November 2024

A new species of the Sword-tailed Cricket genus Phyllopalpus Uhler (Trigonidiidae: Phylloscyrtini), from Tzitzio, in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Michoacán, Mexico, is described and illustrated. Morphological and molecular data are integrated to describe Phyllopalpus nicolaita sp. nov. The new species is similar to Phyllopalpus caeruleus (Saussure) from Mexico, from which the color pattern of the body can distinguish it.
A new cicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) species from Brazil with a detailed description of the genus Parnisa Stål, 1862 and key to the known species
Authors: SANBORN ALLEN F. , GONZAGA LUIZ P. , TAKIYA DANIELA M.
Published: November 2024

The new cicada species Parnisa infuscata sp. nov. is described, along with its calling song, from Minas Gerais State in Brazil. The genus Parnisa Stål, 1862 is redescribed to provide additional details on its morphology since the abbreviated original generic description was based only on a few wing characters. A key for the 14 known species of the genus is provided.
A new alpine autumnal species of the genus Pediasia Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from Kyrgyzstan
Authors: SINEV SERGEY YU. , KORB STANISLAV K.
Published: November 2024

A new species, Pediasia gorbunovi sp. nov., is described from Kyrgyzstan, Baidulu Mountains, at Dolon Pass (41°52’40”N, 75°42’11”E, 2790 m altitude). This species is distinguished from its closest relative, P. matricella (Treitschke, 1832), by its lighter wings with a less defined pattern and specific differences in male genitalia, particularly the structure of the aedeagus, saccus, and cucullus. P. gorbunovi is unique in being the only species of the P. matricella group found in high mountain environments.
Two new species of Parascatopse Cook, 1955 (Diptera: Scatopsidae) from China, with a key to species in the Palearctic and Oriental Regions
Authors: XIAO YISHEN , LI ZHU , YANG DING
Published: November 2024

Two new species of the genus Parascatopse are reported from China: P. rotunda sp. nov. and P. concava sp. nov.. A key to the species of Parascatopse in the Palearctic and Oriental Regions is also provided.
Sitting less and moving more: the impact of physical activity on mortality in the population of Spain
Authors: de la Cámara Miguel Á , Ortiz Cristina , Granero-Melcon Beatriz , Martínez-Portillo Alejandro , Neira-León Montserrat , Galán Iñaki
Published: November 2024

Background

Sitting time (ST) constitutes a significant aspect of sedentary behavior, and its worldwide escalation raises concerns regarding public health. International guidelines recommend limiting sedentary time and replacing it with physical activity (PA) to reduce the risk of diseases and mortality. This study examines the impact of replacing ST with PA on all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in a representative cohort of the population of Spain.

Methods

We included 30 955 participants aged 15–69 years from two National Health Surveys performed in 2011 and 2017. Data were linked to mortality records as of December 2022. Data on ST, light PA (LPA), and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) were collected as part of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline. Isotemporal substitution analysis from Poisson regression models was used to estimate the relative risk ratio (RR) of replacing ST with LPA or MVPA.

Results

During a median follow-up of 5.7 years, 957 deaths were reported. The replacement of 1 h per week of ST with 1 h per week of MVPA was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause (3.3%), CVD (6.7%), and cancer mortality (3.1%). Similarly, replacing 1 h per week of ST with 1 h per week of LPA was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause (1.6%) and cancer mortality (2.1%). Finally, substituting 1 h per week of LPA with 1 h per week of MVPA was significantly associated with a 7.6% lower risk of CVD mortality.

Conclusions

Substituting one hour per week of ST with an equivalent amount of PA was associated with a lower risk of all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality.
Effects of different types of intermittent fasting on metabolic outcomes: an umbrella review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yu-En , Tsai Hui-Li , Tu Yu-Kang , Chen Ling-Wei
Published: November 2024

Background

Intermittent fasting (IF) holds promise for enhancing metabolic health. However, the optimum IF forms and their superiority over continuous energy restriction (CER) remain unclear due to disconnected findings.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane databases for meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the association between IF and metabolic health outcomes. Subsequently, we performed an umbrella review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the efficacy of different forms of IF (time-restricted eating (TRE), alternate-day fasting (ADF), and 5:2 diet (regular eating for 5 days and energy restriction for 2 days per week)) compared to CER and usual diets on metabolic health outcomes. To assess the certainty of both direct and indirect estimates, we employed the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) approach. Additionally, we calculated the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) for each dietary strategy to determine their ranking in terms of metabolic health benefits.

Results

Ten of the best and non-redundant meta-analysis studies, involving 153 original studies and 9846 participants, were included. When considering direct evidence only, all IF forms significantly reduced body weight compared to usual diets. In NMA incorporating indirect evidence, all IF regimens also significantly reduced body weight compared to usual diets. In the SUCRA of NMA, IF ranked higher than usual diets or CER in 85.4% and 56.1% of the outcomes, respectively. ADF had the highest overall ranking for improving metabolic health (ranked first: 64.3%, ranked second: 14.3%).

Conclusions

Overall, all IF forms demonstrate potentials to improve metabolic health, with ADF appearing to produce better outcomes across investigated outcomes. Further high-quality trials are warranted to confirm the (relative) efficacy of IF on metabolic health.

Trial registration

PROSPERO (record no: CRD42022302690).
Comparative meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies in spinal muscular atrophy: comparison between tissues and mouse models
Authors: Kumar Shamini Hemandhar , Brandt Katharina , Claus Peter , Jung Klaus
Published: November 2024

Background

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), a neuromuscular disorder that leads to weakness in the muscles due to degeneration of motor neurons. Mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene leads to the deficiency of SMN protein that causes SMA. The molecular alterations associated with SMA extends across the transcriptome and proteome. Although several studies have examined the transcriptomic profile of SMA, the difference in experimental settings across these studies highlight the need for a comparative meta-analysis to better understand these differences.

Methods and data

We conducted a systematic comparative meta-analysis of publicly available gene expression data from six selected studies to elucidate variations in the transcriptomic landscape across different experimental conditions, including tissue types and mouse models. We used both microarray and RNA-seq datasets, retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and ArrayExpress (AE). Methods included normalization, differential expression analysis, gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA), network reconstruction and co-expression analysis.

Results

Differential expression analysis revealed varying numbers of differentially expressed genes ranging between zero and 1,655 across the selected studies. Notably, the Metallothionein gene Mt2 was common in several of the eight comparisons. This highlights its role in oxidative stress and detoxification. Additionally, genes such as Hspb1, St14 and Sult1a1 were among the top ten differentially expressed genes in more than one comparison. The Snrpa1 gene, involved in pre-mRNA splicing, was upregulated in the spinal cord and has a strong correlation with other differentially expressed genes from other comparisons in our network reconstruction analysis. Gene-set enrichment analysis identified significant GO terms such as contractile fibers and myosin complexes in more than one comparison which highlights its significant role in SMA.

Conclusions

Our comparative meta-analysis identified only few genes and pathways that were consistently dysregulated in SMA across different tissues and experimental settings. Conversely, many genes and pathways appeared to play a tissue-specific role in SMA. In comparison with the original studies, reproducibility was rather weak.
Two-phase heat conduction problems with Sturm-type boundary conditions
Authors: Koilyshov Umbetkul , Sadybekov Makhmud
Published: November 2024

In this work, the solution is justified using the method of separation of variables for initial-boundary value problems of the heat conduction equation with piecewise constant thermal conductivity coefficient under Sturm-type boundary conditions (separated boundary conditions). Various cases are considered. A system of eigenfunctions of the corresponding spectral problem is constructed and it is proved that this system of eigenfunctions forms a Riesz basis. The theorem of the existence of a unique classical solution to the problem is proved.
An assessment of quality of life in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Abbas Emad Mir , R. Harshavardhan , Mohammed Hafeez , Loona Vikram , K. M. Faseeh
Published: November 2024

Background and aim

Assessment of quality of life in ESRD patients. The quality of life of the patients may be greatly reduced because it necessitates lifelong treatment in the form of renal replacement therapy or hemodialysis. Therefore, the main goal of the study is to evaluate the QOL (quality of life) of patients receiving hemodialysis using WHO QOL criteria.

Methods

At the Dr. B. R. AMCH dialysis unit, a cross-sectional descriptive study involving (n = 134) patients (of whom n = 34 gave negative consent) was carried out over the course of 3 years, from September 10, 2018, to September 10, 2021.

Conclusion

WHO QOL is a trustworthy tool for assessing QOL in ESRD patients. The research indicates that the progression of the illness has a negative impact on both mental and physical health, as well as causing financial strain and strained relationships with others.
Remote Patient Monitoring Using Mobile Health Technology in Cancer Care and Research: Patients' Views and Preferences
Authors: Stuijt Dominique G. , van Doeveren Eva E.M. , Kos Milan , Eversdijk Marijn , Bosch Jacobus J. , Bins Adriaan D. , Bak Marieke A.R. , van Oijen Martijn G.H.
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE

There is an increasing interest in studying the potential of mobile health (mHealth) technologies, such as smartphone apps and wearables, as monitoring tools for patients with cancer during or after their treatment. However, little research is dedicated to exploring the opinions and concerns of patients regarding the adoption of these technologies. This study aimed to gain insight into patients' perspectives and preferences for participating in mHealth-based monitoring in cancer care.

METHODS

A qualitative study comprising semistructured interviews was conducted in the Netherlands between April and June 2023. Participants were eligible if they were 18 years or older with a current or past diagnosis of cancer. The interview guide was developed on the basis of the technology acceptance model, with main themes being use, communication, trust, privacy, and expectations.

RESULTS

Thirteen participants with urologic primary cancer were interviewed. Most patients had already some familiarity with the use of digital monitoring devices or wearables. Main barriers included persistent reminders of the illness, receiving notifications deemed unnecessary or unwanted, and the acknowledgment that mHealth technology does not serve as a substitute for human doctors. Conversely, patients recognized the potential for time-savings through the utilization of mHealth, viewed active monitoring as nonburdensome, considered mHealth a tool for reducing the communication threshold with their doctor, and expressed willingness to adopt such a platform if they perceived personal or societal relevance.

CONCLUSION

This study has elucidated which factors are important for successful development of mHealth for patients with cancer. While both barriers and facilitators play a role, patients' attitudes were positive toward the implementation of remote digital monitoring, showing promising prospects for future research of mHealth in oncology.
Elementos analíticos sobre periferias, zonas de frontera, fronteras agrícolas y “fronteras”
Authors: Baquero Melo Jairo
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo expone y analiza los conceptos sobre “fronteras” propuestos por diferentes perspectivas interdisciplinares, históricas y recientes, para Colombia, América Latina y otras regiones del mundo. Se presenta una línea de evolución de los conceptos, que han transitado, por ejemplo, desde analogías como fronteras agrícolas, periferias, fronteras internas y zonas de frontera, hasta nuevas concepciones sobre las “fronteras” en general, que involucran diversos procesos, lugares y actores. Como se abordará, los estudios que analizan las fronteras han tenido una mirada desde la sociología, la antropología, la geografía, la ciencia política y la economía agraria (entre otros campos del conocimiento), o que incluyen análisis interdisciplinarios.
Desterritorialización y conflictos en los espacios rurales andinos: el caso ecuatoriano
Authors: Martínez Godoy Diego
Published: November 2024

Este capítulo pretende dar una mirada crítica a los procesos de transformación de los espacios rurales andinos. Por el otro, este análisis también intenta mostrar cómo, frente a ciertas dinámicas de acción específicas en cada territorio rural, las capacidades de influencia y expansión estratégica del agronegocio pueden verse afectadas o favorecidas, lo que a su vez suscita diversos tipos de conflictos territoriales y diversas posibilidades para los actores locales en función de una disponibilidad variada de recursos.
An Iterative Exact Algorithm over a Time-Expanded Network for the Transportation of Biomedical Samples
Authors: Ocampo-Giraldo Daniel M. , Anaya-Arenas Ana M. , Contardo Claudio
Published: November 2024

In this article we propose an iterative algorithm to address the optimization problem of distributing a set of multiple highly perishable commodities in a healthcare network. In the biomedical sample transportation problem, numerous commodities with short lifespans presume multiple transportation requests at the same facility in a day and restrict the maximum time to reach their destination. These two characteristics create an interdependency between the routing and the pickup decisions in time that is highly complex. To address these timing issues, we model this problem as a service network design problem over a time-expanded network. Our solution method aggregates the network at two levels. First, the commodities are aggregated and artificially consolidated, reducing the symmetry arising when multiple transportation requests are solicited within a short period of time. Second, the space-time nodes in the network are constructed dynamically, thus reducing the size of the mathematical model to be solved at each iteration. Moreover, the method creates auxiliary networks to calculate good-quality primal bounds to the problem. Our algorithm proves to be efficient to solve a set of real-life instances from the Quebec laboratory network under the management of the Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux (Ministry of Health and Social Services) with a detailed network of up to 2,377 periods and 277 transportation requests.

History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete.

Funding: This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grants 2018-04609, 2020-06311].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.0061 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2023.0061 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Regular Variable Returns to Scale Production Frontier and Efficiency Measurement
Authors: Li Sung Ko , Tsang Chun Kei , Lee Shu Kam , He Xinju
Published: November 2024

Breakthrough in Measuring Efficiency with Respect to Nonconvex Technology

The variable returns to scale (VRS) frontier, commonly used in data envelopment analysis, has a convex technology set and follows a specific “regular VRS” structure in economics. This structure demonstrates increasing, constant, and then, decreasing returns to scale, and it is the standard in data envelopment analysis. When the convexity assumption is relaxed, modeling regular VRS becomes challenging, and no satisfactory solution currently exists for multioutput production. In “Regular Variable Returns to Scale Production Frontier and Efficiency Measurement,” Li, Tsang, Lee, and He introduce a new framework for analyzing regular variable returns to scale and propose an innovative empirical production frontier. This new frontier can more accurately measure technical efficiency without the convexity assumption. The implications of this research are extensive, impacting fields like manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, banking, etc., with crucial findings for informed decision making and effective policy implementation.
The 2-week wait pathway for suspected head and neck cancers in patients with throat and voice symptoms: referral patterns, common clinical practice and diagnostic efficacy of NICE guidelines
Authors: Chiumenti FA , Pendolino AL , Vaz FM , Dwivedi RC
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The 2-week wait (2ww) referral pathway has been introduced into UK clinical practice to increase the early detection of cancer and improve survivals. The efficiency of this system for head and neck (H&N) cancers has been questioned over the years because of evidence of low pick-up rates. H&N cancers present with a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, particularly throat and voice symptoms. These symptoms need to be accurately interpreted together with risk factors if they are to be addressed adequately and overload of cancer facilities avoided. One of the most common outcomes of H&N 2ww referrals is laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), a common condition that could be diagnosed and managed in the primary care setting with a prescription of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) trials.

Methods

We retrospectively analysed a cohort of consecutive patients referred on the 2ww pathway for throat and voice symptoms at University College London Hospital H&N cancer clinic during two months in 2019.

Results

A total of 101 patients (43.6% men, mean age 53.3 years) were included. Throat and voice symptoms were described as intermittent in 52.5% and non-lateralised in 88.1%. Diagnosis of LPR was made in 59.4% of the referrals. A PPI trial was prescribed by general practitioners (GPs) in only 7.9% of cases. The cancer pick-up rate in our cohort is 2.9%.

Conclusions

An improved awareness of the symptoms of LPR could guide GPs to prescribe trials of PPIs in low-risk patients before rushing into a referral on a cancer pathway. This would improve the 2ww process on many levels, reduce the burden on the National Health Service and avoid patients' psychological distress.
Primjena ibuprofena u pedijatrijskoj populaciji
Authors: KLJAIC BUKVIC BLAZENKA , Kuzmanić Šamija Radenka , Šegulja Silvije
Published: November 2024

Fever is a common clinical issue, causing concern for parents and being the most frequent reason for visits to pediatricians and pediatric emergency services. Pain accompanies children in various pathological conditions during their growth. Although the importance of pain perception and the use of analgesics is emphasized, pain in the pediatric population is still insufficiently recognized, unlike fever. Ibuprofen is one of the most commonly used medications in the pediatric population, indicated for reducing fever, as well as relieving pain and inflammation in various diseases. The pharmacological properties of ibuprofen indicate a good safety profile with effective results, contributing to its widespread use. The most commonly expected adverse reactions, considering the mechanism of action, such as gastrointestinal bleeding, are rare in children. In a healthy child, there are no adverse effects on the kidneys; however, in conditions of dehydration or kidney disease, fluid volume should be replenished before administering ibuprofen. Given its broad application during fever caused by infection, some conditions are associated with more severe clinical skin and respiratory infections. It is also linked to exacerbations of asthma and a higher risk of asthma if used during pregnancy and the early years of life.This potential association requires additional research to be methodologically confirmed. Therefore, in this paper, through a literature review, we present the effectiveness and safety of ibuprofen use in the pediatric population in various pathological condition.
Ponašanje, stavovi i znanje zdravstvenih djelatnika o dojenju
Authors: Čatipović Marija , Puharić Zrinka , Golić Lorena
Published: November 2024

Dojenje je neupitno najbolja hrana za novorođenče i dojenče. U procesu dojenja dijete uspostavlja temelje privrženosti, na kojima ćegraditi osnove svih kasnijih odnosa. Dojenje ima zdravstvene prednosti ne samo za dijete, nego i za majku. Pozivu za sudjelovanjemu ovom istraživanju u malom broju su se odazvali muškarci (gledano po spolu), a prema zanimanju liječnici. Prema rezultatimaistraživanja zdravstveni djelatnici rijetko sudjeluju u edukacijama o dojenju (često/redovito manje od 20%). Savjeti koje zdravstvenidjelatnici daju roditeljima o isključivom i ukupnom dojenju često nisu u skladu s uputama UNICEF-a/WHO. Najlošiji rezultati na ljestvici stavova su postignuti na pitanjima dojenja na javnom mjestu, prihvaćanja dojenja kao temeljnog ljudskog odnosa i uloge ocau podršci majci koja doji. Na ljestvici znanja najlošiji su odgovori po pitanju poznavanja zakonske regulative zabrane javnog oglašavanja zamjena za majčino mlijeko, prekida dojenja kada je majka febrilna ili prima neki lijek, važnosti „rooming-ina“ i potrebiprekida dojenja kada dijete polazi u jaslice/vrtić. Treba poboljšati edukaciju o dojenju budućih zdravstvenih djelatnika tijekom njihova školovanja. U radu sa zdravstvenim djelatnicima koji su već u radnom odnosu treba raditi na osvješćivanju obveze davanja informacija o dojenju sukladno preporukama WHO/UNICEF-a. Roditelji koji su već odlučili dojiti svoje dijete imaju pravo na kontinuiranupodršku tijekom cijelog perioda dojenja djeteta. Za ostvarenje ciljeva WHO/UNICEF-a za 2030. godinu neće biti dovoljni samo pozitivni pomaci u zdravstvenom sustavu, već na razini cijelog društva.
In the early phase in paediatric burns, one can only give a rough estimate regarding the length of treatment. Therefore, we analysed the relationship between the burn injury mechanism and the length of stay (LOS) to total body surface area aff ected (TBSA
Authors: Kralj Rok , Barčot Zoran , Kurtanjek Mario , Petračić Ivan , Tadić Karlo , Bumči Igor , Žic Rado , Višnjić Stjepan
Published: November 2024

U ranoj fazi kod opeklinskih ozljeda može se dati samo gruba prognoza o trajanju liječenja. Mi smo stoga proveli analizu povezanosti mehanizma ozljede s omjerom prosječnog trajanja hospitalizacije (PTH) i ukupne površine tijela zahvaćenom opeklinom (UPT).Proveli smo retrospektivnu analizu 375-ero pacijenata koji su u razdoblju između 1. siječnja 2010. i 31. prosinca 2019. hospitaliziranizbog opeklinskih ozljeda na Klinici za dječju kirurgiju Klinike za dječje bolesti Zagreb. Pacijenti su s obzirom na mehanizam nastankaozljede razdijeljeni u sljedeće podskupine - opekline vrućom vodom (n=210), opekline vrućim uljem (n=22), opekline padom u vrućuvodu (n=7), kontaktne opekline (n=54), opekline plamenom (n=36), opekline vrućim parama (n=7), eksplozivne opekline (n=13) iopekline strujnim udarom (n=12). Analizirali smo omjer prosječnog trajanja hospitalizacije (PTH) i ukupne površine tijela (UPT) sobzirom na mehanizam opeklinske ozljede. Kontaktne opekline nose veći rizik za veći omjer trajanja hospitalizacije s ukupnom površinom tijela (PTH/UP) od opeklina vrućim uljem (t=2,485, p= 0,015), opeklina vrućom tekućinom (t=3,948, p < 0,001), opeklinaplamenom (t= 2,485, p= 0,015), eksplozivnih opeklina (t=2,900, p= 0,005), opeklina zbog pada u vruću vodu (t=4,369, p<0,001) teod opeklina parom (t=4,369, p< 0,001). Opekline plamenom nose veći rizik za veći PTH/UPT omjer od opeklina vrućom tekućinom(t=2,105, p= 0,039), opeklina parom (t=2,848, p= 0,009) te od opeklina nastalih zbog pada u vruću vodu (t=2,846, p= 0,009). Opekline vrućim uljem nose veći rizik za veći PTH/UPT omjer od opeklina parama (t= 2,317, p= 0,029) ili opeklina nastalih zbog pada uvruću vodu (t= 2,263, p= 0,033). Različiti mehanizmi kod opeklinskih ozljeda rezultiraju različitim ishodima što se tiče omjera prosječnog trajanja hospitalizacije i površine tijela zahvaćene opeklinom. U slučaju kontaktnih opeklina može se očekivati najdulje trajanjehospitalizacije s obzirom na ukupnu površinu tijela zahvaćenu opeklinom. Naši rezultati upućuju na to da mehanizam nastankaozljede ima prognostičku vrijednost u smislu trajanja hospitalizacije.
ambling is a fun social activity that is very popular among adolescents. The experience in gambling as entertainment and the increased availability of legalized gambling increase the risk of gambling-related problems. The aim of the study was to investiga
Authors: Jerković Martina , Bukvić Blaženka Kljaić
Published: November 2024

Sudjelovanje u igrama na sreću (kockanje) zabavna je društvena aktivnost, koja je sve zastupljenija među mladima. Baš povećanapopularnost, uz laku dostupnost igrama na sreću, povećava mogućnost pojave problema vezanih za kockanje. Istraživanje je imaloza cilj ispitati učestalost kockanja među učenicima završnih razreda srednjih škola u Slavonskom Brodu, vrste igara na sreću kojimasu skloni te njihove stavove o kockanju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 163-je učenika završnih razreda srednjih škola na područjugrada Slavonskog Broda, tijekom travnja i svibnja 2019. godine. Primijenjen je standardizirani upitnik o navikama i procjeni postojanja problema vezanih za kockanje. Bilo kakav oblik kockanja tijekom života navelo je 114-ero (69,9%) učenika. Mladići su češće zastupljeni, dok druga sociodemografska obilježja nemaju utjecaj. Najučestalija igra na sreću su športske kladionice 61 (41,9%), potomLoto listići 46-ero (30,1%) te jednokratne srećke 45-ero (29,8%). Najčešći razlog kockanja je zabava/uzbuđenje 80-ero (58,8%) tezarada 69-ero (50,7%). Uočeno je kako 20-ero (12,2%) učenika ima nisku i srednju razvijenost problema, dok se u njih 17-ero (10,4%)na temelju procjene rizičnog ponašanja uočava visoki stupanj razvijenosti problema vezanih za igre na sreću. Mladići su zastupljeniji u skupini problematičnog kockanja u odnosu na djevojke. Adolescenti u Slavonskom Brodu često sudjeluju u igrama na sreću.Mladići su skloniji kockanju, s većom učestalošću negativnih posljedica kockanja. Problematičnom kockanju ishodiše je u adolescenciji. Nužno je provođenje preventivnih mjera u općoj populaciji te u skupinama adolescenata s naznakom problema vezanih zakockanje radi uklanjanja i ublažavanja negativnih posljedica problematičnog kockanja.
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT DISORDERS
Authors: Prpić Igor
Published: November 2024

Neuronska ceroidna lipofuscinoza-tip 2 (CLN2) najčešća je dječja progresivna neurodegenerativna bolest. Glavna obilježja bolestiCLN2 su usporen razvoj govora koji prethodi epileptičkim napadajima, motoričkim poremećajima, progresivnom propadanju vida ikognitivnih funkcija te smrti u dobi rane adolescencije. Prosječno vrijeme od pojave prvih simptoma do postavljenja dijagnoze iznosi oko dvije godine. Kašnjenje u postavljanju dijagnoze odgađa terapijski pristup koji uključuje multidisciplinsku zdravstvenu skrb iučinkovitu primjenu enzimske nadomjesne terapije cerliponazom alfa (Brineura®). Dostupnost liječenja enzimskom nadomjesnomterapijom cerliponazom alfa svrstava CLN2 u skupinu lječivih neurodegenerativnih bolesti. U svake lječive i/ili potencijalno izlječiveprogresivne neurodegenrativne bolesti pravodobna dijagnoza je ključna, jer omogućuje liječenje u ranom stadiju bolesti. Prepoznavanje ranih simptoma od bitnog je značenja za usmjeravanje kliničara na odgovarajuće pretrage ili traženje dodatnog stručnogmišljenja. U sve djece s prvim neprovociranim epileptičkim napadajem u dobi između druge i četvrte godine, a izričito u one djecekoja dodatno u anamnezi imaju podatak o usporenom razvoju govora i/ili motoričke smetnje prvi korak u cilju rane i pravodobnedijagnoze je mjerenje aktivnosti enzima TTP1 putem suhe kapi krvi na fi ltarskom papiru, koji je dostupan u našoj sredini. Dodatnagenska analiza i nalaz patogenih mutacija u genu CLN2 potvrđuje dijagnozu. Podizanje svjesnosti o bolesti CLN2 kao lječivoj i potencijalno izlječivoj, te poštivanje predloženih smjernica u kliničkom pristupu zasigurno će pridonijeti tome da rana dijagnoza bolestiCLN2 postane naša stvarnost, a sve manje bude mit. Pravovremena i ispravna dijagnoza prvi je korak u poboljšanju cjelokupne skrbiza djecu oboljelu od bolesti CLN2 i njihove roditelje.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Katušić Ana
Published: November 2024

Kvalitativni i kvantitativni aspekti ranog motoričkog ponašanja dojenčeta mogu uputiti na indikacije za kasnija neurološka odstupanja. Procjena motoričkog repertoara u dobi uvijanja i vrpoljenja, uz procjenu spontanih pokreta, jedan je od instrumenata procjene ranog neuromotoričkog razvoja radi utvrđivanja njegovog rizika. Cilj ovog istraživanja odnosio se na ispitivanje optimalnostimotoričkog repertoara i kakvoće spontanih pokreta u izrazito nedonošene dojenčadi bez oštećenja mozga.U istraživanje je uključeno 45-ero dojenčadi rođene prije 28. tjedna gestacije, bez evidentiranih lezija na magnetskoj rezonancijimozga. Procjena spontanih pokreta prema Prechtlu i optimalnosti motoričkog repertoara obavljena je u terminski očekivanoj dobite u korigiranoj dobi od tri mjeseca.Medijan gestacijske dobi bio je 25 tjedana i 5 dana. Normalni pokreti uvijanja zabilježeni su kod 13-ero (29%) dojenčadi. Medijanoptimalnosti motoričkog repertoara u dobi uvijanja iznosio je 32 (IQR = 20 – 40). Pokreti vrpoljenja uočeni su kod 34-ero (76%) dojenčadi. Medijan optimalnosti motoričkog repertoara u dobi vrpoljenja iznosio je 22 (IQR = 12 - 28).Oskudan repertoar pokreta uvijanja učestalo je obilježje ranog neuromotoričkog razvoja izrazito nedonošene dojenčadi, koje je većinom prolaznog karaktera. Razina motoričke optimalnosti u dobi vrpoljenja niža je od rezultata koji postiže zdrava dojenčad rođena u terminu. Posljedična odsutnost pojedinih kriterija optimalnosti u motoričkom ponašanju izrazito nedonošene dojenčadi moženam poslužiti kao polazište u planiranju ciljanih ranih intervencija.
Sleep phenotype in children with Down syndrome – altered sleep architecture and sleep-disordered breathing
Authors: Juraški Romana Gjergja , Turkalj Mirjana , Plavec Davor , Nogalo Boro , Marušić Ivana , Miloš Marija , Anzić Srđan Ante , Šižgorić Matilda Kovač , Stipoljev Feodora
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study was to assess sleep architecture and breathing in sleep in children with Down syndrome. The study was conducted by using overnight video-polysomnography (V-PSG) in children with Down syndrome and age-matched children from the general population. Analysis of polysomnographic parameters revealed that compared to the norms of healthy age- and maturitymatched children from the general population, children with Down syndrome had significantly shorter sleep latency (p=0.007), shorter total sleep time (p=0.004), lower sleep efficiency (p=0.010), less NREM1 sleep phase (p=0.0002), less NREM3 sleep phase (p=0.034), less REM sleep (p=0.034) in favour of more NREM2 phase but not significantly (p=0.069), and spent more time awake after sleep onset (p=0.0002). Children with Down syndrome had significantly more obstructive sleep apnoeas and hypopnoeas per hour (higher obstructive sleep apnoeas and hypopnoeas index) (p=0.008), but less central sleep apnoea per hour (lower central apnoeas index) (p=0.041), which led to the nonsignificantly lower total apnoea-hypopnoea index (p=0.762) in children with Down syndrome. The mean and longest apnoea duration did not differ significantly between these two groups. Children with Down syndrome had a significantly lower mean and nadir oxygen saturation (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the majority of respiratory complications in children with Down syndrome can be prevented by raising awareness of sleep disturbances in children with Down syndrome among their parents and health care providers and by introducing early routine V-PSG in the follow up of these children. Key words: CHILD; DOWN SYNDROME; SLEEP APNEA SYNDROMES
Faktori koji utječu na isključivo dojenje 6 mjeseci i nastavak dojenja
Authors: Čatipović Marija , Hodžić Sandra
Published: November 2024

Dojenje, isključivo i ukupno, uz poznate i priznate prednosti za majku, dijete i zajednicu, nema zadovoljavajuću prevalenciju u Hrvatskoj (ni u svijetu), gledajući preporuke WHO/UNICEF-a. Cilj rada je prikazati podatke o isključivom dojenju 6 mjeseci i ukupnom dojenju 12 mjeseci i dužem te analizirati čimbenike koji su utjecali na trajanje dojenja.Online anketom prikupljeni su podatci članica facebook skupina koje okupljaju mame s područja Bjelovarsko-bilogorske županije, otrajanju isključivog i dojenja uz dohranu, te sociodemografskim i drugim čimbenicima koji se prema literaturi smatraju značajnimza trajanje dojenja. Podatci su obrađeni metodama deskriptivne statistike, analizirana je značajnost razlika i korelacija pojedinihvarijabli neparametrijskim postupcima te je provedeno ispitivanje modela predikcije kategorijskih ishoda isključivog dojenja šestmjeseci i dojenja uz dohranu 12 i više mjeseci binominalnom logističkom regresijom.U skupini ispitanica postotak majki koje su isključivo dojile 6 mjeseci i 12 i više mjeseci uz dohranu je viši od 60%. Među čimbenicimakoji značajno utječu na trajanje isključivog dojenja izdvajaju se majčina dob u vrijeme djetetovog rođenja, majčina i očeva stručnasprema, a na ukupno trajanje dojenja značajno utječu uz navedene varijable i iskustvo trudničkih tečajeva. U radu su prikazane iznačajnosti razlika po pojedinim kategorijama analiziranih varijabli, a logističkom regresijom su izdvojeni najznačajniji prediktoriuspješnog isključivog dojenja (dob rađanja nakon 25 godina) i ukupnog dojenja (viša i visoka stručna sprema majke). Trajanje isključivog i ukupnog dojenja značajno međusobno koreliraju.
Hydroxyurea and Cardiac Sequelae in Children with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Raheem Moustafa M. Abdel , Abdulrahman Mohamed A.
Published: November 2024

Cardiac complications in sickle cell disease patients are widely expected. They may be related to iron deposition, anaemia or vasculitis.Hydroxyurea is a known drug that decreases haemoglobin (Hb) S levels. The objective of the study was to assess the effect ofhydroxyurea on cardiac sequelae in children with sickle cell disease. Sixty-five sickle cell disease children were enrolled in the study; 37of them were on regular follow up and hydroxurea treatment, whereas 28 were not. All patients underwent echocardiography andN-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) assay. Plasma levels of NTproBNP were significantly lower in sickle cell patientswho were on hydroxyurea treatment than in those without this therapy (p=0.03). NTproBNP levels showed significant correlationswith Hb (r=-0.72, p<0.05) and HbS levels (r=0.54, p<0.05). Significant positive correlations were detected between NTproBNP andechocardiography findings (r=0.64, p<0.01) including left ventricular mass index (r=0.78, p<0.01). In conclusion, hydroxyurea mayreduce cardiac complications in children with sickle cell disease.Key words: HYDROXYUREA; HEART; CHILDREN; ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL
Organizacija promicanja cijepljenja protiv HPV infekcije na nacionalnoj razini
Authors: Šimetin Ivana Pavić , Belavić Anja , Živković Mišela Žehaček
Published: November 2024

U Hrvatskoj je cjepivo protiv HPV infekcije preporučljivo i besplatno na nacionalnoj razini od školske godine 2015./2016. U prethodnim godinama cijepljenje protiv HPV infekcije bilo je dobrovoljno i besplatno u pojedinim jedinicama regionalne ili lokalne samouprave. U školskoj godini 2017./2018. cijepljenje protiv HPV infekcije je besplatno i dobrovoljo za učenike i učenice 8. razreda osnovneškole i djecu iste dobi koja ne pohađaju školu. Školski liječnici su jedini cjepitelji. Cijepljenje protiv HPV infekcije jedino je dobrovoljno ibesplatno cjepivo u Republici Hrvatskoj omogućeno cijeloj generaciji učenika i učenica. Dobrovoljnost kod cijepljenja protiv HPV infekcije nameće pitanje jesmo li osigurali pravo na to cijepljenje roditeljima i djeci ako nisu bili informirani o toj mogućnosti. Edukativni roditeljski sastanci za roditelje djece 8. razreda osnovne škole i individualni pozivi za cijepljenje protiv HPV-a osnovne su aktivnosti promicanja prava na cijepljenje, no za porast odaziva na cijepljenje potrebno je dodatno zauzimanje školskih liječnika, zavodaza javno zdravstvo, škola, institucija, medija i drugih dionika.
Petogodišnje iskustvo u liječenju sindaktilije i polidaktilije šake s osvrtom na zadovoljstvo roditelja bolesnika
Authors: Barčot Zoran , Kralj Rok , Kurtanjek Mario , Mataić Ana , Župančić Božidar
Published: November 2024

Uvod: Ishodi kirurškog liječenja sindaktilije i polidaktilije šake u dječjoj dobi mogu se procjenjivati na temelju objektivnih metoda isubjektivnog dojma roditelja bolesnika.Materijali i metode: Proveli smo retrospektivnu studiju rezultata 5-godišnjeg liječenja 47-ero bolesnika sa sindaktilijom ili polidaktilijom šaka putem telefonske ankete. Ukupan odaziv na telefonsku anketu iznosio je 68%.Rezultati: Tridesetero ispitanih roditelja (94%) nije navelo nikakve funkcijske tegobe, dok je dvoje (6%) navelo kako njihova djecaimaju poteškoća s pisanjem. Osmero roditelja djece (25%) navelo je slabiju pokretljivost operiranih prstiju, od čega dvoje (6%) imapoteškoća u adaptaciji na svakodnevni život. Šestero roditelja (19%) nije zadovoljno s izgledom ožiljka, a njih dvoje (6%) je tražilodrugo mišljenje u drugim ustanovama.Rasprava i zaključak: Roditelji djece s palčanom polidaktilijom šake naveli su najlošije rezultate što se tiče poslijeoperacijske pokretljivosti prstiju. Taj je rezultat konzistentan s dostupnom literaturom. Zadovoljstvo bolesnika u velikoj je mjeri ovisilo o izgledu poslijeoperacijskog ožiljka.
Uspješna primjena rituksimaba u dječaka s Evansovim sindromom - prikaz bolesnika
Authors: Tudor Karolina Malić , Čulić Srđana , Armanda Višnja , Kuljiš Dubravka
Published: November 2024

Autoimuna hemolitička anemija (AIHA) je bolest uzrokovana nastankom protutijela usmjerenih protiv antigena na površini vlastitiheritrocita. Ovisno o termalnim obilježjima, autoprotutijela se dijele na: hemolitičke anemije uzrokovane “toplim” i “hladnim” protutijelima. AIHA-i mogu biti primarni i sekundarni. Sekundarni AIHA-i su udruženi s nekom drugom bolešću poput sistemskog lupusaeritematodesa, imunodefi cijencije ili limfoproliferativog poremećaja. Osnovno obilježje AIHA-a je pozitivan direktni Coombsov testkoji otkriva protutijela klase IgG i dijelove komplementa (najčešće anti- C3) vezane na površinu eritrocita. Evansov sindrom je istodobna ili uzastopna pojava AIHA-a s pozitivnim direktnim Coombsovim testom i imune trombocitopenije (ITP). U radu smo prika zalidvogodišnjeg dječaka u kojeg je u dobi od 10 mjeseci dijagnosticiran AIHA rekurentnog tijeka. U dobi od 17 mjeseci uz osnovnu bolest otkriven je i ITP te je postavljena dijagnoza Evansovog sindroma. Dječak je liječen glukokortikoidima, pripravkom humanihimunoglobulina, transfuzijama deplazmatiziranih eritrocita i koncentratom trombocita u više navrata, ali bez remisije bolesti. Naposljetku, primjenom rituksimaba postignuto je kliničko poboljšanje i višemjesečna remisija bolesti.
Imaging in osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Borić Igor , Vučković Renata Prpić
Published: November 2024

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a congenital genetic disorder with skeletal or extra-skeletal manifestations. Phenotypic features andmode of inheritance, clinical features, and radiographic fi ndings make the basis for the currently accepted classifi cation system of OI.The antenatal and postnatal diagnosis of the disease using diff erent radiographic methods (plain radiography, ultrasonography,computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) is described and characteristic appearances of bone and other deformitiesare analyzed. Distinctive bone manifestations of OI are illustrated using typical examples. Finally, we give a comment ondiff erential diagnosis.Key words: osteogenesis imperfecta, radiography, imaging*
Osteogenesis imperfecta: surgical treatment options with emphasis on today’s orthopedic approach
Authors: Antičević Darko , Jeleč Željko
Published: November 2024

The treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta should be multidisciplinary and personalized. The best option for surgical treatment isimplantation of an intramedullary telescopic nail, in many specialized hospitals the preferable method is Fassier-Duval telescopicnail. The main advantages of the Fassier-Duval intramedullary nail are fewer surgical scars, reduced blood loss, decreased time ofoperation, less pain, and better postoperative mobility. Orthopedic surgeons who are dealing with osteogenesis imperfecta have toanswer two main questions, i.e. when to start with surgical procedures and which type of intramedullary nailing to use. There are afew things that are necessary for a satisfactory outcome of the surgical procedure: precise preoperative planning, all sizes of Fassier-Duval nail available in the operating room during the surgery, and intraoperative radiologic C-arm guidance.Key words: osteogenesis imperfecta, Fassier-Duval, personalized and multidisciplinary approach
Put prema biobanci kultiviranih kožnih fi broblasta bolesnika s nasljednim metaboličkim poremećajima u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Zekušić Marija , Fumić Ksenija , Bilić Karmen , Škaričić Ana , Ramadža Danijela Petković , Žigman Tamara , Sarnavka Vladimir , Ćuk Mario , Barić Ivo , Rogić Dunja
Published: November 2024

Rijetke bolesti etiološki su heterogena skupina najčešće nasljednih, kroničnih i degenerativnih bolesti s pojavnošću manjom od 5na 10 000 osoba. Poznato je više od 7000 rijetkih bolesti od kojih više od 600 ima osobitosti nasljednih metaboličkih poremećaja. Zbog velike kliničke heterogenosti i zahtjevnih dijagnostičkih testova put do konačne dijagnoze je često dug te uključuje i obradu u ino zemnim laboratorijima. Unatoč tome, dio bolesnika ostaje bez konačne dijagnoze. U situacijama kad je bolesnik vitalno ugrožen uz mogućnost letalnog ishoda i pri sumnji na nasljednu metaboličku bolest, biopsija kože je dio standardnog postupka. Posljednjih godina sve je više dostupnih mogućnosti liječenja za širok spektar nasljednih metaboličkih bolesti. Osnovnipreduvjet za njihovu djelotvornost je pravodobna dijagnoza. Kultivirani kožni fi broblasti pohranjeni u biobanke vrijedan su biološkimaterijal. Osim za postavljanje dijagnoze, mogu se primijeniti i za provjeru djelotvornosti novih pristupa liječenju kao što su malemolekule pratitelji. Sve navedeno upućuje na značenje organiziranja biobanke fi broblasta prema međunarodno prihvaćenim standardima.
The dynamics of nutritional status indicators in elementary school children
Authors: Sušilović Mateja Kunješić , Prskalo Ivan , Mišigoj-Duraković Marjeta
Published: November 2024

Poor nutritional status is a major problem currently faced by children, so the aim of this research was to determine the dynamics of nutritional status indicators in one generation of elementary school children. The study was conducted on a sample of 107 school children observed for four years. Body height, body mass, back skinfold, forearm skinfold and arm circumference were measured. Body mass index and body fat percentage were also measured and the children’s nutritional status was determined. Trend analysis of nutritional status indicators was performed by polynomial regression analysis. Study results showed that the participants’ nutritional status estimated by body mass index and body fat percentage diff ered and that there was a signifi cant infl uence of time on the indicators of nutritional status in both genders. Poor nutritional status was more frequently recorded in boys than in girls, unlike several years ago when girls had poorer nutritional status than boys.
D-dimer: kako pravilno tumačiti nalaz
Authors: Topić Renata Zrinski , Krleža Jasna Leniček
Published: November 2024

Cilj rada je podsjetiti na predanalitičke, analitičke i poslijeanalitičke osobitosti i ograničenja određivanja D-dimera radi racionalneprimjene laboratorijske pretrage te ispravnog tumačenja nalaza i literaturnih navoda. U cirkulaciji zdravih osoba nalazi se vrlo malakoličina D-dimera, a patološko povećanje njegove vrijednosti prisutno je u kliničkim stanjima s pojačanom koagulacijskom i fi brinolitičkom aktivnošću, odnosno njegovim promijenjenim metabolizmom. Rutinsko određivanje D-dimera primjenjuje se za postavljanje dijagnoze i praćenje tijeka diseminirane intravaskularne koagulacije te u diferencijalnoj dijagnostici tromboembolijskih stanja.Zbog velike negativne prediktivne vrijednosti koncentracija D-dimera manja od defi nirane granične vrijednosti isključuje dijagnozutromboembolijske bolesti i pomaže u probiru pacijenata kojima je potrebna daljnja obrada skupim slikovnim metodama. Imunokemijske metode za kvantitativno određivanje koncentracije D-dimera nisu standardizirane, primjenjuju monoklonska anti-D-dimerantitijela različite specifi čnosti te različite detekcijske reakcije, zbog čega je prisutna heterogenost u izvještavanju rezultata, što otežava usporedbu nalaza i rezultata istraživanja dobivenih različitim metodama. Kako bi nalaz i tumačenje nalaza D-dimera biliispravni i pouzdani, potrebno je zadovoljiti predanalitičke zahtjeve: najpogodnije vrijeme uzorkovanja, poznavanje osobitosti metode kojom je određena koncentracija D-dimera te poznavanje ograničenja određivanja D-dimera vezana za pojedina patološkastanja.