bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS AND CROPS WITH BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON SPRING WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Amirov Marat , Safiullin Airat , Gilyazov Minnegali , Zakharov Vladimir , Kadyrova Fanyusya
Published: July 2023

The research was carried out in order to study the features of the effect of concentrated organomineral complex liquid fertilizers on the yield and grain quality of spring soft wheat. The work was carried out in 2020-2022 in the Republic of Tatarstan. The scheme of the experiment involved the study of the following options: without presowing seed treatment, herbicide in the tillering phase, insecticide in the booting phase (control); seed treatment with Batr Gum 0.5 l/t, herbicide + Batr Maks 1 l/ha in the tillering phase, insecticide + Batr Maks 1 l/ha in the booting phase; seed treatment with Chudozem 1 l/t, herbicide + Chudozem 2 l/ha in the tillering phase, insecticide + Chudozem 2 l/ha in the booting phase. Varieties Al Varis and Yoldyz were sown at a rate of 6 million viable seeds per 1 ha. Treatment of seeds with preparations Batr Gum and Chudozem increased field germination, and subsequent spraying of vegetative plants with the same preparations increased their safety for harvesting, the length of the stem and ear, the number of oats and grains in the ear. On average, over the years of research, the use of drugs provided an increase in the grain yield of the Al Varis variety at the level of 0.58 ... 0.60 t/ha, of the Yoldyz variety - 0.56 ... 0.58 t/ha. The use of Batr Maks contributed to the formation of spring wheat grains with the highest protein and gluten content in the experiment, as well as vitreousness in both varieties of soft wheat. The most economically profitable was the cultivation of the spring soft wheat variety Al Varis using the preparations Batr Gum and Batr Maks.
The role of gender in branding communication
Authors: Koshlyakova M.
Published: July 2023

Brand communication with the consumer is focused, among other things, on societal trends in the perception of male and female roles, which actualizes gender studies. Depending on the specifics of the product offer and the focus on certain target groups, many brands are marked with gender. The article presents trends in the development of femininity and masculinity, as well as suggests the possibility of dividing brands in accordance with the business strategy, the degree of expression of gender qualities in the psychosemantic characteristics of the audience into masculine, feminine, androgynous and unidentified. Then, using concrete examples, we consider some features of visualization of gender characteristics in branding communication.
MILITARY METAPHORS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE ANGLOPHONE MEDIA TEXTS
Authors: Polonskaya O.
Published: July 2023

The study examines the military metaphors of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Anglophone media texts.

The goal is to explore all these perceptual tactics have been used regarding COVID-19, as a means of constructing narratives and trying to find meaning for both the pandemic, and the disease itself. War metaphors are considered first, as they were particularly frequent and controversial at the beginning of the pandemic.

The interpretation of the metaphor goes beyond its traditional understanding as a rhetorical device. This approach is consistent with cognitive theory, which states that a metaphor is a mental tool that reflects how we reason and represent the world.

The article deals with specific cases of the metaphorical representation of the pandemic, selected from reports, notes, articles of English-language electronic media.

The results obtained prove the widespread use of metaphor in the media, its importance for understanding complex situations, conveying ideas and influencing the audience.
DERIVATIONAL POTENTIAL OF LATIN VOCABULARY: DIALOGUE THROUGH SPACE AND TIME (Based on New Latin texts in mass media)
Authors: Logunov T. , Lokteva M. , Gizatulina O.
Published: July 2023

Creating actual texts is a sort of a longterm linguistic experiment, whose product is a source of material, primarily, lexical and word-formational innovations, to be analyzed for understanding the developments occurring within a “revived” language system and for identifying the role of systemic factors and individual creativity within the given inventory of forms and norms of a language system. The linguistic material from new Latin texts were compared with the results development of Latin borrowings in English. At the same time the number of users of this revived language and artificial nature of the examined linguistic activity impose a critical limitation on possible conslusions. Obviously, vocabulary choice and coinage of new terms to denote modern realia in these new Latin news texts are subject to individual authors’ preference and are sometimes arbitrary. Furthermore, in coining innovations the authors of texts in question are inevitably guided by their native language. As a result, the innovations in “New Latin” show some features more typical for Modern European languages, besides, the basic trends of development within the group of Latin borrowings in English were found to differ from those occurring in the examined lexicon of new Latin texts.
Analysis of poisonings in patients up to 18 years old hospitalized in the Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology in Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital in Lublin in 2022
Authors: Sosnowska Weronika , Brzozowska Aleksandra , Tchórz Michał , Taracha Kalina , Tkaczyk Rafał , Tomczyk Jakub , Tomkiewicz Maciej , Środoń Maria , Świątek Gabriela , Śwital Magdalena
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose: Poisoning in children and adolescents remain a serious medical, psychological and social problem. The aim of the study was to analyse poisonings in patients up to 18 years old admitted to the Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology in Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital in Lublin in 2022. Material and method: The research was retrospective. Medical records of 120 cases of poisoning in patients up to the age of 18 were analysed. Results: In the studied period 120 patients from 13 to 18 years old were hospitalized due to intoxication,  84 (70%) of them were female and 36 (30%) of them were male.  Majority of  cases came from urban areas (69,2%). The most frequent causes of poisonings were medicaments (55%), drugs (29,2%) and alcohol (28,3%). The intentional intoxications were found in 113 (94,2%) cases, 45 (39,8%) of them were suicide attempt. Mental diseases were found in 71 (59,1%) cases, the most common one was depressive disorder. There were no deaths in the researched group. Conclusions: Because of the relevance of child patients poisoning young people should be provided with psychological care. Female teenagers must get special kind of support. The availability of child psychiatrists and psychologists is still too poor. Prohibition of selling alcohol to minors should be enforced stricly. It seems that acces to OTC drugs is way much too easy for people. There is a necessity of parents’education about children poisoning.
Comparing peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis - patient's perspective, special consideration of quality of life
Authors: Barczuk Patryk , Bączek Kacper , Barć Jan , Bara Sebastian , Bondos Borys , Antonik Jacek , Barczak Iga , Dzięgielewski Jędrzej , Gałajda Elżbieta , Kochan Robert
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose: All over the world, patients suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESRD). Patients can choose to undergo hemodialysis in a specialist center or use peritoneal dialysis in their own home. The aim of this study is to answer the question which of the above methods has a better impact on the quality of life of patients.

Materials and methods: The literature available on PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar was reviewed using the words “peritoneal dialysis”; “hemodialysis”; “quality of life”.

Description of the state of knowledge: Patients with better physical and emotional functioning have a reduced burden of kidney disease, improved physical ability, pain relief, better overall health, enhanced social function, and more energy. Studies comparing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) have consistently found that PD is more effective in improving various aspects of quality of life (QOL), such as the physical component score, social component score, cognitive status, emotional function, physical function, body pain, burden of kidney disease, impact of kidney disease on daily life, symptoms/problems, sexual function, finances, and patient satisfaction.

Summary: Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease who were treated with PD experienced better overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared to patients treated with HD. This result was measured min. using the SF-36 and EQ-5D questionnaires.
Epidemie cholery w XIX wieku na przykładzie Lublina
Authors: Polak Agnieszka , Sak Jarosław
Published: July 2023

W XIX wieku Europę nawiedziło 5 epidemii cholery, zapoczątkowały one wiele zmian społecznych, co można zaobserwować na przykładzie życia mieszkańców Lublina. Poznawanie etiologii choroby trwało ponad pięćdziesiąt lat, do tego czasu podejmowano działania na rzecz zatrzymania rozprzestrzeniania się choroby w oparciu o doświadczenie i obserwację. Ważną rolę w kwestii opracowywania metod skutecznej walki z cholerą odegrały środowiska lubelskich lekarzy, to doświadczenie miało istotne w tworzeniu skutecznych metod walki z epidemiami w miastach po zakończeniu I wojny światowej i zwróciło uwagę na potrzebę edukacji higienicznej społeczeństwa.
Zofia Anna Wojno (1886-1954) – siostra urszulanka i ordynator Instytutu Oftalmicznego w Warszawie
Authors: Pawlikowska-Łagód Katarzyna , Grzybowski Andrzej
Published: July 2023

Celem niniejszej przy jest zaprezentowanie sylwetki i dorobku naukowego Zofii Wojno (1886-1954), która była okulistą, ordynatorem Instytutu Oftalmicznego w Warszawie i jednocześnie urszulanką. W swoich pracach naukowych skupiała się głównie na wynikach leczenia „ciałami proteinowymi”.
Wojciech Oczko (1537-1599). Kościół pw. Nawrócenia Świętego Pawła w Lublinie
Authors: Sak Jarosław
Published: July 2023

Brak abstraktu dla tego artykułu.
Pojęcie kłamstwa a obowiązek prawdomówności w medycynie
Authors: Cholewa Krzesmir
Published: July 2023

W tekście tym, podjęto problematykę pojęcia kłamstwa i samooszustwa w relacji do obowiązku prawdomówności w medycynie. Koncepcja wielkiego kłamstwa Roberta Veatcha, łącząca oba te pojęcia i czyniąca z nich cechy definicyjne specjalnego aktu nieszczerości w medycynie, została zaprezentowana jako zdecydowanie zbyt szeroko używająca pojęcia kłamstwa oraz pomijająca bardzo istotny aspekt samooszustwa, jakim jest skrajna subiektywność tego zjawiska. Na koniec została zaprezentowana propozycja przekształcenia koncepcji Veatcha, w taki sposób, aby pojęcia te były używane w sposób ścisły.
Healico—a wound care assistant in your pocket
Authors: Meaume Sylvie , Matilla Almudena Cecilia , Vasseur Pascal , Suzan Laurent , Philippe Anne , Bohbot Serge , Colboc Hester
Published: July 2023

Non-optimal wound management and late referral to specialised units negatively impacts patient prognosis and quality of life, as well as healthcare costs. Healico is a new mobile application (app), created in the wound care field, in response to the challenges and difficulties encountered by health professionals (HPs) who deal with patients with wounds on a daily basis. This article aims to describe how this new app was developed, how it works, as well as the real-life clinical benefits and evidence supporting its use. The Healico App assists nurses, physicians and other HPs by: supporting a holistic approach to patient management; facilitating wound assessment and documentation, irrespective of where care is provided (primary, specialised or hospital services, in either public or private institutions); and supporting consistent and safe clinical practice, as well as reducing variation in care. It also provides a fast, fluid and secure communication channel, and effective coordination between HPs, supporting early interventions. The app has also been shown to improve therapeutic adherence of patients by promoting inclusive dialogue with them.
Nurse-delivered patient education on postoperative wound care: a prospective study
Authors: Gillespie Brigid M. , Walker Rachel , Lin Frances , Roberts Shelley , Eskes Ann , Nieuwenhoven Paul , Perry Jodie , Birgan Sean , Gerraghy Elizabeth , Probert Rosalind , Chaboyer Wendy
Published: July 2023

Objective:

It is estimated that one in four postoperative wound complications occur within 14 days of hospital discharge. Some estimate that up to 50% of readmissions are preventable with effective postoperative education and closer follow-up. Providing patients with information enables them to detect when medical intervention may be required. The aim of this study was to describe the content of postoperative wound care education given to patients, and to identify demographic and clinical factors that predict receipt of surgical wound care education across two tertiary hospitals in Queensland, Australia.

Method:

A prospective correlational design using structured observations, field notes and an electronic chart audit was used. A consecutive sample of surgical patients and a convenience sample of nurses were observed during episodes of postoperative wound care. Field notes were documented to gain a nuanced understanding of the wound care education delivered by nurses. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the samples. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to describe associations between seven predictors: sex; age; case complexity; type of wound; dietetic consult; the number of postoperative days; and receipt of postoperative wound care education.

Results:

In total, 154 nurses delivering surgical wound care and 257 patients receiving wound care were observed. Across the combined number of patients across the two hospitals, 71/257 (27.6%) wound care episodes included postoperative wound education. The content of the wound care education mainly focused on keeping the wound dressing dry and intact, while the secondary focus was on showing patients how to remove and replace the dressing. In this study, three of the seven predictors were significant: sex (β=–0.776, p=0.013); hospital site (β=–0.702, p=0.025); and number of postoperative days (β=–0.043, p=0.039). Of these, sex was the strongest, with females twice as likely to receive some form of wound care education during the postoperative period. These predictors explained 7.6–10.3% of variance in the postoperative wound care education patients received.

Conclusion:

Further research to develop strategies designed to improve the consistency and comprehensiveness of the postoperative wound care education delivered to patients is needed.
Human skin biofilm model: translational impact on swabbing and debridement
Authors: Dietrich Michael , Besser Manuela , Debus Eike S , Smeets Ralf , Stuermer Ewa K
Published: July 2023

Objective:

Wound biofilms are one of the greatest challenges in the therapy of hard-to-heal (chronic) wounds, as potent antimicrobial substances fail to eradicate bacteria within short incubation periods. Preclinical investigations using novel model systems that closely mimic the human wound environment and wound biofilm are required to identify new and effective therapeutic options. This study aims to identify bacterial colonisation patterns that are relevant for diagnosis and therapy.

Method:

In this study, a recently established human plasma biofilm model (hpBIOM) was incorporated into a wound within human dermal resectates after abdominoplasty. The interaction of the biofilm-forming bacteria meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the skin cells was investigated. Possible effects on wound healing processes in correlation with the persistence of the biofilm in the wound environment were analysed in patients with leg ulcers of different aetiologies and biofilm burden.

Results:

Using haematoxylin and eosin staining, species-dependent infiltration modes of the bacteria into the wound tissue were determined for the pathogens MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The spreading behaviour correlated with clinical observations of the spatial distributions of the bacteria. In particular, the clinically prominent Pseudomonas aeruginosa-specific distension of the wound margin was identified as epidermolysis due to persistent infiltration.

Conclusion:

The hpBIOM applied in this study represents a potential tool for preclinical analyses dealing with approval processes for new antimicrobial applications. In terms of clinical practice, a microbiological swabbing technique including the wound margin should be routinely applied to prevent wound exacerbation.
A qualitative exploration of adherence to wearing removable cast walkers in patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Ababneh Anas , Edwards Helen , Lazzarini Peter , Finlayson Kathleen
Published: July 2023

Objective:

To explore adherence to wearing removable cast walkers (RCWs) among patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Method:

A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing patients with active DFUs and using knee-high RCWs as their offloading treatment. The interviews were undertaken at two diabetic foot clinics in Jordan, using a semi-structured guide. Data were analysed through content analysis by developing main themes and categories.

Results:

Following interviews with 10 patients, two main key themes with a total of six categories were identified: theme 1—reporting of adherence levels was inconsistent, included two categories: i) a belief in achieving optimal adherence, and ii) non-adherence was often reported indoors; and theme 2—adherence was a consequence of multiple psychosocial, physiological and environmental factors, which included four categories: i) specific offloading knowledge or beliefs influenced adherence; ii) severity of foot disease influenced adherence; iii) social support benefitted adherence; and iv) physical features of RCWs (the usability of the offloading device) impacted adherence.

Conclusion:

Patients with active DFUs reported inconsistent levels of adherence to wearing RCWs which, after deeper investigation, seemed to be due to participants' misperceptions of the optimal adherence. Adherence to wearing RCWs also seemed to be impacted by multiple psychosocial, physiological and environmental factors.
Pressure injuries in the operating room: who are at risk?
Authors: Özdemir Ezgi Dilan , Uslu Yasemin , Karabacak Ukke , Eren Dilek , Isabetli Serpil
Published: July 2023

Objective:

Operating room (OR)-related pressure injuries (PIs) constitute the majority of all hospital-acquired PIs. The aim of this study is to reveal the prevalence and risk factors of OR-related PIs.

Method:

This study used a cohort design. The data were collected at Acıbadem Maslak Hospital in Istanbul between November 2018 and May 2019. The study population consisted of all patients undergoing surgery between these dates (n=612). The haphazard sampling method was used following application of the inclusion criteria. A patient identification form, the 3S intraoperative pressure ulcer risk assesment scale and the Braden Scale were used to collect data.

Results:

Within the scope of the study, data were collected from 403 patients, of which 57.1% (n=230) were female and 42.9% (n=173) were male; mean age was 47.90±18.15 years. During surgery, PIs were detected in 8.4% of patients. In total, 42 PIs were detected in patients in the study; 92.8% were stage 1 and 7.2% were stage 2. It was determined that the PIs observed in 11.8% (n=4) of the patients were related to device/instrument use and 23.5% (n=8) were related to the positioning device. Risk factors found to be significant in the development of PIs were sex (male) (p=0.049), large amount of bleeding during surgery (p=0.001), dry (p=0.020) and lighter skin (p=0.012), duration of surgery (p=0.001), type of anaesthesia (p=0.015), and medical devices used (p=0.001).

Conclusion:

Early identification of risk factors may reduce OR-related PIs. Guidelines and procedures that focus on preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative evaluation can be developed to reduce and prevent surgery-related PIs and to standardise care.
May Sets Out Four Goals
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: July 2023

Technology a catalyst for growth
AI to Help Heart Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

New technology now being trialled aims to reduce errors by 75 per cent
New Implants Could Target Young People
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

Aim would be to fix problems early in life to avoid issues in old age
Software for Robots to Enter Plants
Authors: Knight Helen
Published: July 2023

3D sensors will help in dismantling process
Strategies to optimize the information provision for parents of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Theunissen Wesley W. E. S. , Van der Steen Marieke C. , Van Veen Merel R. , Van Douveren Florens Q. M. P. , Witlox M. A. , Tolk Jaap J.
Published: July 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to identify the information topics that should be addressed according to the parents of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in the diagnostic and treatment phase during the first year of life. Second, we explored parental recommendations to further optimize the information provision in DDH care.

Methods

A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted between September and December 2020. A purposive sample of parents of children aged younger than one year, who were treated for DDH with a Pavlik harness, were interviewed until data saturation was achieved. A total of 20 interviews with 22 parents were conducted. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, independently reviewed, and coded into categories and themes.

Results

Interviews revealed four fundamental information topics that should be addressed in the different phases of the DDH healthcare trajectory: general information (screening phase), patient-specific information (diagnostic and treatment phase), practical information (treatment phase), and future perspectives (treatment and follow-up phase). To further optimize the information provision in DDH care, parents wished for more accessible and trustworthy general information prior to the first hospital visit to be better prepared for the diagnosis. Furthermore, parents wanted more personalized and visually supported information for a better understanding of the nature of the disease and the reason for treatment.

Conclusion

This study offers novel insights to optimize the information provision in DDH care. The main finding is the shift in information need from general information in the screening phase to patient-specific information in the diagnostic and treatment phase of DDH. Parents prefer visually-supported information, provided in a timely fashion, and tailored to their child’s situation. These recommendations potentially decrease parental anxiety, insecurity, confusion, and increase parental empowerment and treatment adherence throughout the diagnostic and treatment phase of DDH.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(7):496–506.
Numerical Simulation of Phosphine Movement in Bulk-Stored Grain
Authors: Elsayed Sherif , Casada Mark E. , Maghirang Ronaldo G. , Wei Mingjun , Maier Dirk E.
Published: July 2023

Highlights

Develop a CFD model that reveals the detailed mechanisms of phosphine movement in bunkers.

Evaluate factors that impact phosphine distribution in grain bunkers.

Provide recommendations for best management practices for phosphine fumigation in bunkers.

Abstract. Bunker storage is an inexpensive and, thus, popular method for medium- and long-term storage of wheat. To control insect infestations in bunker storage, phosphine (PH3) fumigant, released from aluminum phosphide (AlP) tablets, is commonly used, especially in Australia. For fumigation to be effective, a lethal concentration of PH3 throughout the bunker must be ensured. Because bunkers are exposed to ambient conditions, temperature gradients are created throughout the bunker, resulting in natural convection currents that move PH3 from areas around the fumigation points to the entire bunker. This research used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to investigate the effect of natural convection on fumigation in bunkers. The model was validated against published benchmarks and a field experiment with a full-scale bin with sorption and leakage. The effects of PH3 release points location, bunker shape, bunker orientation, leakage, sorption, ambient temperature fluctuation, and PH3 motion in 3D were studied. Results agreed well with the experimental data and provided various recommendations for best management practices for PH3 fumigations in bunkers. Results showed that diffusion and natural convection solely are insufficient in spreading out PH3 within bunkers. Further research is needed on the effects of tarpaulin billowing in relation to PH3 behavior. Keywords: Bin, Bunker, CFD, Fumigation, Natural convection, Phosphine, Porous media, Simulation, Sorption, Species transport, Wheat.
Scenario Analysis Indicates Revenue Increase for German Dairy Farmers Through Supply Chain Energy Management
Authors: Theunissen Theresa , Bernhardt Heinz
Published: July 2023

Highlights

The research field of supply chain energy management (SCEM) is introduced and applied to the German dairy sector.

Changes in farm revenues are quantified, considering electricity sales and remuneration for energy data sharing.

Results show that SCEM could become the most relevant driver for increasing energy-related revenues at dairy farms.

Abstract. The dairy sector of the German food industry is vital not only for providing nutrition to people but also for promoting environmental responsibility. However, sustainability efforts in the sector must be balanced with profitability goals, and farmers face the challenge of operating profitably while also seeking new, sustainable sources of income. Energy management is one such lever that can help establish sustainable revenue streams for farms. Currently, energy management at dairy farms is mostly limited to the barn's boundaries, and there has been no comprehensive study yet around profit-oriented collaboration on energy management along German dairy supply chains. This lack of collaboration not only hinders revenue growth for dairy farms but also complicates the achievement of sustainability targets, which can negatively impact the sector's public perception. To address this issue, we have applied supply chain energy management (SCEM) as a research field that examines energy-related interdependencies along the dairy supply chain. Our scenario analysis assessing the future revenue change for German dairy farmers through the application of SCEM indicates that it has the potential to become the most relevant driver for increasing energy-related revenues at farms. For example, our studies on a sample farm with 56,950 kWh photovoltaic systems show that it can increase its energy-related revenues by 170% simply by adapting its energy (data) distribution mode in the context of SCEM. Based on these findings, we recommend conducting further studies within the research field of SCEM, which is the aim of the new initiative DairyChainEnergy. Keywords: DairyChainEnergy, Electricity sales, Energy data sharing, Food industry, Income, Profitability, SCEM, Sustainability.
Vertical Integration & Performance in Residential Real Estate
Authors: Wilson Grant , Jogia Jason , Millard Gabriel
Published: July 2023

Vertical integration is a growth strategy whereby a firm engages in multiple stages of the value chain. Although the benefits of vertical integration are well documented, few studies have examined its relevance in real estate. In response to this lack of research, this paper explores tenant perceptions of property managers’ vertical integration and effectiveness. The results of this international study show the benefits of vertical integration extend to residential real estate, such that renters are more trusting, loyal, committed, and desirable when they perceive their property manager as vertically integrated. This paper also uncovers a concering finding that many tenants are living in unaffordable rental accomodations, requiring further research. This study contributes to a large body of vertical integration literature and extends the empirical examinations to real estate and property management.
Housing Market in Central European City during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kazak Jan , Kłysz Natalia , Kamińska Joanna
Published: July 2023

Many aspects of the global economy changed during the Covid-19 pandemic, including the real estate market. This study examines the primary residential property market in Opole during the Covid-19 pandemic. It uses property transaction data from 2018 to 2021 to conduct statistical analyses and independent group tests and also takes into account the real-estate price trend from 2014 to 2020. The study finds that both property prices and preferences relating to the structure and location of housing changed during the pandemic. In the case of Opole, the number of transactions involving residential units in the primary market increased in 2020 compared to previous years. After adjusting the unit price value of residential properties for the trend in the pre-pandemic period, the study finds that there was also an increase in property transaction prices. The study confirms three important facts relating to phenomena that are occurring globally in cities today. First, local communities are more diverse in terms of the economic heterogeneity of real estate buyers. Second, unlike big urban areas, small cities may be more resistant to the process of citizens migrating to suburban areas, thereby limiting the negative phenomenon of urban sprawl. Third, the housing real estate market in small cities is considered a reliable form of investment of assets, as real estate prices increased during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Traces of Obduracy: Imaginaries of ‘Social Inertia’ in the Process of Introducing Collaborative Housing in the Czech Republic
Authors: Kodenko Kubala Petr , Malý Blažek Jan , Orcígr Václav , Hoření Samec Tomáš , Káňová Markéta , Tichý David , Kubcová Jana
Published: July 2023

This paper explores the sociotechnical change necessary for the introduction of collaborative housing projects into the Czech super-homeownership housing regime. To better understand the obduracy of the current housing system, we examine the major barriers and threats to the implementation of such projects through a series of workshops with non-experts in selected cities. Our findings suggest that the housing system’s obduracy is related to social imaginaries that we conceptualise as the ‘imaginary of social inertia’. This form of imaginary, along with other factors such as a lack of supporting legal and financial infrastructures, creates a complex network of obstacles that reduce the likelihood of such housing projects gaining ground. In conclusion, our research emphasises the role of imaginaries in studying obduracy and thus provides valuable insights into the processes of urban sociotechnical change.
Spontaneous Cervical Epidural Hematoma Following Anti-Coagulant Medications with Quadriparesis: A Case Report and Narrative Review
Authors: Loya Vijay Kumar , Dhillon Charanjit Singh , Narayana T.V. Krishna , Pophale Chetan S. , V.K Sameen
Published: July 2023

Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is an uncommon entity. We present a 42-year gentleman who was a known case of chronic deep vein thrombosis of leg on Tab. Acitrom (6 mg OD) for one & half year presented with sudden-onset weakness of bilateral upper & lower limbs with bowel & bladder involvement. MRI showed ventral epidural haematoma extending from the lower margin of C2 to C6 with severe canal compromise. Patient underwent emergency decompression with hematoma evacuation on the same day within 06 hours of presentation to our centre. At a 2-year follow-up, the patient has recovered good bowel and bladder control and has a residual left leg foot drop. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma is a rare condition where early management is the key. If associated with neuro deficits, early decompression (<48 hours) is indicated for a better prognosis. This case report highlights the fact, if dealt proactively patient can have a good neurologic recovery. Keywords: Epidural hematoma, Quadriparesis, Cervical spine, Anti-coagulants
Antireflective properties of Al2O3/SiO2 multilayer stacks for GaAs solar cells
Authors: Briones Edgar , Gutierrez Anahi , Tapia-Contreras Mayra , Cortes-Mestizo Irving , Briones Joel
Published: July 2023

Multilayer (ML) thin films are an optical engineering strategy to address reflectivity losses in GaAs photovoltaic devices, enhancing the power conversion of light around a single wavelength. Inspired by the enhanced response of periodic ML Bragg mirrors, the authors introduce quite simple antireflective designs based on two periods and single periods of Al2O3/SiO2 bilayer stacks. The reflectivity losses of the systems are evaluated with the aid of numerical simulations, and their dimensions are optimized to enhance the transmission of plane waves towards GaAs substrates. Reflectivity losses are evaluated at angles off the normal for s- and p-polarized light, exhibiting gains at broader angles and the quenching of undesired s-to-p optical anisotropy, inherent to GaAs substrates. ML stacks were fabricated by RF sputtering deposition on GaAs-n and p+ type substrates and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy techniques to evaluate the role of carriers on coating performance.
Upconversion luminescence properties and optical thermometry based on non-thermal coupling levels of Ho3+, Yb3+, and Tm3+ codoped 12CaO·7Al2O3 single crystals
Authors: Qu Yunfei , Wang Rui
Published: July 2023

Compared with the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) temperature measurement technology based on the thermal coupling levels (TCLs) of rare earth (RE) ions, non-TCL (NTCL) FIR technology can greatly improve temperature measurement sensitivity because it is not limited by Boltzmann distribution. In this paper, a Ho3+/Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped 12CaO⋅7Al2O3 (C12A7) single crystal was grown by the Czochralski method. As the temperature increased from 363 K to 523 K, the upconversion luminescence color of the Ho3+/Yb3+/Tm3+/C12A7 crystal changed from white to yellow, and exhibited a large temperature dependence under 980 nm excitation. In the temperature range of 363–523 K, the FIR temperature measurement based on different NTCLs exhibited high temperature sensitivity; the maximum absolute sensitivity and relative sensitivity values were 0.0207K−1 and 2.82%K−1, respectively, which are higher than those previously reported based on TCLs of Ho3+ and Tm3+. This provides a strategy to achieve accurate sensitivity of FIR technology. The RE ion doped C12A7 single crystal material has good research and application prospects in the field of temperature sensing and optoelectronics.
Quasi-pointwise two-step phase-shifting profilometry with the fringe parameters estimated statistically
Authors: Wang Hanwen , Zhu Huijie , Guo Hongwei
Published: July 2023

Fringe projection profilometry is a popularly used three-dimensional
measurement technique in which phase-measuring algorithms based on
two-step phase shifting are usually used because of their best
tradeoff between measurement resolution and speed. Most two-step
phase-shifting algorithms involve neighboring or other spatial
operations, thus having degraded accuracies at edges and
discontinuities of the measured object surface. Pointwise two-step
algorithms enable overcoming this issue. With them, however, the
offsets of the dynamic ranges of the projector and camera are usually
improperly overlooked or inaccurately estimated, thus inducing errors
in their measurement results. For solving this problem, this paper
suggests a quasi-pointwise two-step phase-shifting algorithm for
fringe projection profilometry. This algorithm models the captured
fringe patterns practically by taking the offsets of the dynamic
ranges of the projector and camera into account, and estimates the
fringe parameters from the statistics of fringe intensities. As a
result, we can calculate fringe phases in a pointwise way from two
fringe patterns having a phase difference of π/2 radians. The simulation and
experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has a
relatively low level of errors in measuring object surfaces having
isolated regions and discontinuities.
Preparation of multiphoton high-dimensional GHZ states
Authors: Xing Wen-Bo , Hu Xiao-Min , Guo Yu , Liu Bi-Heng , Li Chuan-Feng , Guo Guang-Can
Published: July 2023

The physics associated with multipartite high-dimensional entanglement is different from that of multipartite two-dimensional entanglement. Therefore, preparing multipartite high-dimensional entanglements with linear optics is challenging. This study proposes a preparation protocol of multiphoton GHZ state with arbitrary dimensions for optical systems. Auxiliary entanglements realize a high-dimensional entanglement gate to connect the high-dimensional entangled pairs to a multipartite high-dimensional GHZ state. Specifically, we use the path degrees of freedom of photons to prepare a four-partite, three-dimensional GHZ state. Our method can be extended to other degrees of freedom to generate arbitrary GHZ entanglements in any dimension.
Advanced Solid-State Lasers: feature issue introduction
Authors: Schunemann Peter G. , Bowers Mark S. , Dubinskiy Mark , Kaneda Yushi , Saraceno Clara J. , Camy Patrice
Published: July 2023

This Joint Issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express features 40 peer-reviewed articles written by authors who participated in the Advanced Solid State Lasers Conference, part of the Optica Laser Congress and Exhibition held in Barcelona, Spain from December 11-15, 2022. This review provides a brief summary of these articles covering the latest developments in laser host and nonlinear crystals, structured materials, fiber lasers and amplifiers, ultrafast mode-locked lasers and optical parametric amplifiers, frequency-doubled Raman lasers, vortex beams, and novel concepts in laser design.
Model-Free Approach to Finding Index of Refraction Values of Optical Coatings from Spectral Measurements
Authors: Willey Ronald
Published: July 2023

Mathematical models for index of refraction versus wavelength such as Cauchy, Sellmeier, Drude etc., or physical models such as the Lorentz model are commonly used to fit the index properties of measured spectra of optical thin film witness samples for use in the design and production of optical interference coatings. The degree of agreement of the coating reflectance and transmittance with the design when the coatings are actually produced with these data will depend on the accuracy of the spectral measurements and index fittings. As thin film coating technology has progressed, many cases are now encountered where no simple model is adequate to fit the actual index dispersion. This work shows an approach to finding index versus wavelength which is independent of any mathematical or physical models.
Interaction of colliding laser pulses with gas plasma for broadband coherent terahertz wave generation
Authors: Chen Yuxuan , He Yuhang , Liu Liyuan , Tian Zhen , Dai Jianming
Published: July 2023

Colliding of two counter-propagating laser pulses is a widely used approach to create a laser field or intensity surge. We experimentally demonstrate broadband coherent terahertz (THz) radiation generation through the interaction of colliding laser pulses with gas plasma. The THz radiation has a dipole-like emission pattern perpendicular to the laser propagation direction with a detected peak electric field 1 order of magnitude higher than that by single pulse excitation. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, it provides a deep insight into the physical picture of laser–plasma interaction, exploits an important option to the promising plasma-based THz source, and may find more applications in THz nonlinear near-field imaging and spectroscopy.
DAPTEV: Deep aptamer evolutionary modelling for COVID-19 drug design
Authors: Andress Cameron , Kappel Kalli , Villena Marcus Elbert , Cuperlovic-Culf Miroslava , Yan Hongbin , Li Yifeng
Published: July 2023

Typical drug discovery and development processes are costly, time consuming and often biased by expert opinion. Aptamers are short, single-stranded oligonucleotides (RNA/DNA) that bind to target proteins and other types of biomolecules. Compared with small-molecule drugs, aptamers can bind to their targets with high affinity (binding strength) and specificity (uniquely interacting with the target only). The conventional development process for aptamers utilizes a manual process known as Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX), which is costly, slow, dependent on library choice and often produces aptamers that are not optimized. To address these challenges, in this research, we create an intelligent approach, named DAPTEV, for generating and evolving aptamer sequences to support aptamer-based drug discovery and development. Using the COVID-19 spike protein as a target, our computational results suggest that DAPTEV is able to produce structurally complex aptamers with strong binding affinities.
Schistosoma mansoni infection alters the host pre-vaccination environment resulting in blunted Hepatitis B vaccination immune responses
Authors: Muir Roshell , Metcalf Talibah , Fourati Slim , Bartsch Yannic , Kyosiimire-Lugemwa Jacqueline , Canderan Glenda , Alter Galit , Muyanja Enoch , Okech Brenda , Namatovu Teddy , Namara Irene , Namuniina Annemarie , Ssetaala Ali , Mpendo Juliet , Nanvubya Annet , Kitandwe Paul Kato , Bagaya Bernard S. , Kiwanuka Noah , Nassuna Jacent , Biribawa Victoria Menya , Elliott Alison M. , de Dood Claudia J. , Senyonga William , Balungi Priscilla , Kaleebu Pontiano , Mayanja Yunia , Odongo Matthew , Connors Jennifer , Fast Pat , Price Matt A. , Corstjens Paul L. A. M. , van Dam Govert J. , Kamali Anatoli , Sekaly Rafick Pierre , Haddad Elias K.
Published: July 2023

Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the Schistosoma spp., and is increasingly recognized to alter the immune system, and the potential to respond to vaccines. The impact of endemic infections on protective immunity is critical to inform vaccination strategies globally. We assessed the influence of Schistosoma mansoni worm burden on multiple host vaccine-related immune parameters in a Ugandan fishing cohort (n = 75) given three doses of a Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine at baseline and multiple timepoints post-vaccination. We observed distinct differences in immune responses in instances of higher worm burden, compared to low worm burden or non-infected. Concentrations of pre-vaccination serum schistosome-specific circulating anodic antigen (CAA), linked to worm burden, showed a significant bimodal distribution associated with HepB titers, which was lower in individuals with higher CAA values at month 7 post-vaccination (M7). Comparative chemokine/cytokine responses revealed significant upregulation of CCL19, CXCL9 and CCL17 known to be involved in T cell activation and recruitment, in higher CAA individuals, and CCL17 correlated negatively with HepB titers at month 12 post-vaccination. We show that HepB-specific CD4+ T cell memory responses correlated positively with HepB titers at M7. We further established that those participants with high CAA had significantly lower frequencies of circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) subpopulations pre- and post-vaccination, but higher regulatory T cells (Tregs) post-vaccination, suggesting changes in the immune microenvironment in high CAA could favor Treg recruitment and activation. Additionally, we found that changes in the levels of innate-related cytokines/chemokines CXCL10, IL-1β, and CCL26, involved in driving T helper responses, were associated with increasing CAA concentration. This study provides further insight on pre-vaccination host responses to Schistosoma worm burden which will support our understanding of vaccine responses altered by pathogenic host immune mechanisms and memory function and explain abrogated vaccine responses in communities with endemic infections.
The organization of double-stranded RNA in the chikungunya virus replication organelle
Authors: Laurent Timothée , Carlson Lars-Anders
Published: July 2023

Alphaviruses are mosquito-borne, positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Amongst the alphaviruses, chikungunya virus is notable as a large source of human illness, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. When they invade a cell, alphaviruses generate dedicated organelles for viral genome replication, so-called spherules. Spherules form as outward-facing buds at the plasma membrane, and it has recently been shown that the thin membrane neck that connects this membrane bud with the cytoplasm is guarded by a two-megadalton protein complex that contains all the enzymatic functions necessary for RNA replication. The lumen of the spherules contains a single copy of the negative-strand template RNA, present in a duplex with newly synthesized positive-sense RNA. Less is known about the organization of this double-stranded RNA as compared to the protein components of the spherule. Here, we analyzed cryo-electron tomograms of chikungunya virus spherules in terms of the organization of the double-stranded RNA replication intermediate. We find that the double-stranded RNA has a shortened apparent persistence length as compared to unconstrained double-stranded RNA. Around half of the genome is present in either of five conformations identified by subtomogram classification, each representing a relatively straight segment of ~25–32 nm. Finally, the RNA occupies the spherule lumen at a homogeneous density, but has a preferred orientation to be perpendicular to a vector pointing from the membrane neck towards the spherule center. Taken together, this analysis lays another piece of the puzzle of the highly coordinated alphavirus genome replication.
Combining isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow assay for diagnosis of P. cynomolgi malaria infection
Authors: Rattaprasert Pongruj , Chavananikul Chutima , Fungfuang Wirasak , Chavalitshewinkoon-Petmitr Porntip , Limudomporn Paviga
Published: July 2023

Background

Plasmodium cynomolgi is a nonhuman primate parasite that causes malaria in humans and is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. Macaques, the natural hosts of P. cynomolgi, are widely distributed in Asia, especially in Southeast Asia. Anthropogenic land-use changes and wildlife habitat reduction due to local environmental changes, deforestation, urban expansion, and construction increased the frequency of human-macaque-vector interactions and facilitated the emergence of zoonotic malaria, causing an exponential increase in the infection rates in this area. Although microscopic tools are the gold standard for malaria diagnosis, they have very low sensitivity. Therefore, disease control and prevention require rapid, sensitive and accurate diagnostic tests.

Methodology/Principle findings

This study aims to develop a diagnostic method using a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with a lateral flow (LF) strip method to specifically diagnose P. cynomolgi. Laboratory validation determined the method’s sensitivity and specificity compared to the nested PCR method. The lower limit of detection was 22.14 copies/μl of recombinant plasmid per reaction. The combination method represented 81.82% sensitivity and 94.74% specificity compared to the nested PCR.

Conclusions/Significance

The diagnostic testing developed in this study combines a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and a lateral flow (LF) strip, offering rapid high sensitivity and specificity. Further development of this technique could make it a promising method for detecting P. cynomolgi.