bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bitter Sweet Symphony? Insights into the discrepancy between managers and organizations towards ESG
Authors: Spanò Rosanna , Martino Ilaria , Spagnuolo Flavio , Allini Alessandra
Published: November 2024

The aim of this paper is to explore whether any discrepancy between individuals' cultural understanding and perceptions concerning ESG and the organizational cultural posture towards ESG is likely to arise, and what individual's characteris-tics may influence it. The study relies on Habermas' theory of Communicative Action, mobilizing the conceptualizations of anomie, to analyze data gathered through a survey answered by 136 Italian managers acting in highly ESG-exposed industries. Our results give evidence of the existence of ESG orientation discrepan-cy and suggest that certain individuals' characteristics such as age, job grade, and tenure influence its magnitude. The study contributes to ESG literature offering empirical ground for crucial yet overlooked issues relating to the role of individuals in ESG organizational processes change. Also, it has relevant implications for both companies and policymakers, pushing reflections on the need to avoid discrepan-cies toward more effective ESG practices.
Advancing Induced Models of Management Accounting Change: A Dynamic Perspective
Authors: Giannetti Riccardo , Cinquini Lino , Dello Sbarba Andrea
Published: November 2024

This research represents a progressive evolution of the induced model for man-agement accounting change (MAC), originally proposed by Innes and Mitchell (1990), later enriched by Cobb et al. (1995) and Kasurinen (2002). To this end, us-ing a longitudinal case study, this research employs Lewin's (1943) force field the-ory to present and interpret the dynamics of contextual factors underlying the change scenario. The study makes two main contributions to the literature. First, it advances Kasurinen's (2002) MAC framework by adding three elements that in-corporate a longitudinal perspective. The study acknowledges that the forces driv-ing change differ across organizations and evolve within individual organizations over time, both in terms of nature and intensity. This underscores the need for a flexible MAC model capable of tracking these forces at any given point in time. Moreover, the findings indicate that MAC can generate new factors that further influence its progression, underscoring the importance of understanding the chain reactions triggered by change. This is crucial for effectively managing both driving and restraining forces throughout MAC's evolution. Finally, this study enhances Kasurinen's model by expanding its components. Acknowledging that human agents are the primary drivers of MAC, the refined model emphasizes the roles of organizational actors in adopting new practices, assessing information, and deter-mining whether to continue, modify, or discontinue changes. These factors are es-sential for illustrating the dynamic evolution and interactions that drive organiza-tional development and transformation. The second contribution lies in validating Kurt Lewin's force field theory within the domain of MAC. Although Lewin's framework is widely used in organizational change and management studies, its application in management accounting has been largely overlooked. This study addresses that gap by demonstrating how Lewin's framework effectively reveals how changes are initiated and managed, thereby extending the applicability of his approach to the new context.
Searching for the drivers of organizational resilience in times of crisis: An example from the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Barnabè Federico , Santoni Riccardo , Mechi Manuel
Published: November 2024

The theme of organizational resilience has been acquiring relevance for some time to date due to the health crises and geopolitical tensions that have marked the last years. Understanding which drivers helped ensure business continuity during such crises can subsequently help managers prepare for future challenges or shocks. Answering the call for an aggregate analysis of the drivers of organizational resili-ence, this study identifies three main categories: the first one focuses on the hu-man characteristics of the business community; the second focuses on the role played by management control systems, and the third one points to the external support of consultants and stakeholders. This framework is applied to a case study of a not-for-profit organization (FASI – Fondo Assistenza Sanitaria Integrativa) that operates in the healthcare assurance sector and was strongly impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study reaffirm the multilevel essence of organizational resilience. In more detail, the policies adopted by the company to face different challenges led to the achievement of three different types of resili-ence: reactive behavior – bouncing-back to the previous equilibrium (type 1), adaptive behavior – bouncing-forward to a higher level of equilibrium (type 2), and proactive behavior – preparing for a possible future shock (type 3).
Digitalization and Performance Management Systems: A Shipping Agency Case Study
Authors: Di Vaio Assunta , Mastellone Luisa , Lepore Luigi , Varriale Luisa
Published: November 2024

This study examines how the digitalization of information processes embraced by shipping intermediaries (i.e. shipping agencies) within supply chain management (SCM) changes performance management systems (PMSs). This exploratory study uses the lens of stakeholder theory and adopts a case study methodology to investigate a shipping agency based in Italy. It uses primary data collected from semi-structured interviews and secondary data. The data were collected from No-vember 2022 to March 2023. The results indicate that the digitalization of infor-mation accounting processes has boosted the adoption of key performance indi-cators (KPIs) to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of opera-tional processes. The results also reveal that, in the agency relationship between agent and shipowner, the agent does not use the benefits of PMSs to identify stra-tegic KPIs for the business. This study highlights that when adopting PMSs in ship-ping agencies, it is necessary to include both an information accounting and an organizational dimension. Managers should be involved in training programs sup-porting a culture of sharing information through digitalized systems. The main lim-itation of this study, due to its exploratory nature, is the lack of analysis including the shipowner's perspective and the impossibility of generalizing based on the re-sults. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate digitaliza-tion, PMSs, and SCM in terms of the organizational-accounting frameworks of shipping agencies.
Ambidextrous Intellectual Capital in the scientific research: An empirical analysis on university spin-offs
Authors: Nappo Fabio , Schimperna Federico , Schimperna Maria
Published: November 2024

This work aims at analyzing the level of awareness on the topic of planning and control by people with an apical role in research spin-offs, suggesting a framework to increase the survivability of spin-offs. The universities take a strategic role as "knowledge incubators" to ensure competi-tive advantage through the use of their knowledge stock. In this scenario, research spin-offs contribute to the valorisation of intellectual capital in universities. How-ever, Consorzio Netval's data highlighted that the percentage of spin-offs liquidat-ed from 2000 to 2019 is approximately 72%. The analysis of the literature shows many issues that spin-offs face; however, there is little research on another possible critical issue that this study aims to fill: the difficulties during the phases of research spin-offs' planning and control, espe-cially in adequately balancing their short and long-term goals. Thus, we submitted a questionnaire to a panel of experts to investigate their view of the management, planning and control systems. Results show a lack of atten-tion to the application of these systems in spin-offs, while acknowledging aware-ness of their importance. On the basis of these findings, we propose a framework to increase the survivabil-ity of research spin-offs, overcoming their main issues. Our framework relies on the application of ambidextrous intellectual capital to spin-offs, considered a valuable solution, given that it combines the attention to the future, typical of spin-offs and start-ups, with the attention to the present, necessary to go beyond the pre-seed phase.
The impact of board gender diversity on healthcare financial performance during Covid- 19: Evidence from Italian Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Ardito Nadia , Aversano Natalia , Ferullo Diana , Tartaglia Polcini Paolo
Published: November 2024

Over the past few decades, European institutions and policymakers have promot-ed gender diversity in management and strategic leadership roles. Prior literature has highlighted the importance of board gender diversity; neverthe-less, previous studies have mainly focused on the private sector, while the public sector – particularly the healthcare sector – remains under-investigated. Hence, to fill this gap, the present paper aims to examine the impact of board gen-der diversity on Italian public health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic to address the calls for more excellent representation of women in leadership roles. The research methodology uses an OLS linear regression model to examine the re-lationship between the number of women in top positions in Italian Healthcare Or-ganizations (roles of general, administrative, and health managers) and their fi-nancial and non-financial performance. Results show that women's involvement in governance positively impacts the per-formance of Italian healthcare organisations, while no significant association has emerged regarding non-financial performance. This study could represent a starting point for implementing measures that focus on the health sector. The sector has been experiencing a severe crisis for years and, therefore, needs innovative strategies for its relaunch.
Ritratti di famiglia: un'esperienza di scrittura autobiografica in gruppo con coppie omogenitoriali
Authors: Caputo Andrea , De Giorgio Carmela , Maddalena Zuccari Maria
Published: November 2024

Sempre più frequentemente i servizi sociosanitari si confrontano con nuove configurazioni familiari che mettono in discussione l'idea di un ordine simbolico di tipo naturale e immutabile che fondava la famiglia sul matrimonio e sulla filiazione e queste due sulla differenza di gene-re. I legami affettivi e il concetto di genitorialità acquistano forma anche in relazione alle politi-che sociali e giuridiche in essere e, quindi, al modo in cui si declina il rapporto tra apparato pubblico e scelte private. Il presente contributo intende proporre un approfondimento della let-teratura in tema di omogenitorialità, quale definizione ombrello che ricomprende diverse realtà familiari in cui vi sia almeno un genitore con un orientamento omosessuale. A tale riguardo, l'articolo 44 lettera d della Legge 184/1983 rappresenta la cornice giuridica entro cui, al mo-mento, è possibile procedere ad una forma di riconoscimento giuridico delle famiglie omogeni-toriali nel contesto italiano. Nello specifico, si propone un'esperienza realizzata dal Gruppo Integrato di Lavoro Adozione della ASL Roma 2 nell'ambito dei percorsi di valutazione psico-sociale attivati con coppie omogenitoriali, basati sull'utilizzo della scrittura autobiografica in gruppo con l'intento di mettere in evidenza i livelli di complessità e, talora, contraddittorietà legati all'incrocio tra dimensioni psicologiche, giuridiche e sociali.
Biological importance and environmental quality of the Laguna Santa Ana in Zacatecas, Mexico
Authors: Mercado Reyes Marisa
Published: November 2024

Objective: To determine the environmental quality and diversity of the waterfowl species of the Laguna Santa Ana, located in the municipality of Fresnillo, Zacatecas.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A physicochemical analysis of the water was carried out to determine its organic matter pollution. In addition, the Bradford method was applied to establish protein levels, and an optical emission spectrometry was conducted to detect heavy metals. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’) was carried out to identify and count the populations of the lagoon.
Results: The physicochemical analysis of water recorded 55 and 230.6 mg/L BOD5 and COD, respectively. High protein levels (0.27-2.95 mL/mL) indicated organic pollution and high arsenic levels. The Shannon-Weiner index (2.7) recorded a high waterfowl diversity.
Study Limitations/Implications: Biological abundance was not determined, as a result of the sample size. The changes regarding waterfowl diversity may be the consequence of the seasonal conditions.
Findings/Conclusions: The Laguna de Santa Ana has a high waterfowl diversity, including species of international interest; however, organic pollution has caused a a significant environmental deterioration.
Socioeconomic and environmental factors that impact vegetable production
Authors: Villegas-Cruz Elvia , León-Merino Aurelio , Vázquez-García Verónica , Pérez-Olvera Ma. Antonia , Hernández-Ordoñez Ofelia
Published: November 2024

Objective: To analyze the factors that contribute to the reduction of vegetable production in the San Vicente Chicoloapan ejido.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Sixty out of a total of 150 ejidatarios who produced vegetables in 2022 participated in a convenience sampling. Producers who agreed to be surveyed were interviewed in their plots.
Results: The ejidatarios have an average of 1.47 agricultural ha (minimum: 1 ha; maximum: 5 ha), considering both irrigated and rainfed lands. The use of the sample studied was divided as follows: 43.3% of the owners sold their land to developers who built housing units and new houses; 38.3% cultivated their own land or those they rented; and 18.3% rented out their lands. The ejidatarios suffer from vegetable theft, particularly pumpkin (45.0%), artichoke (31.7%), onion (13.3%), chard (8.3%), and cabbage (1.7%).
Study Limitations/Implications: Designing a random sample was impossible given the lack of access to a register of ejidatarios. Estimating the harvested area or estimating yield based on the production volume was impossible, since producers grow several crops in their plots, besides vegetables.
Findings/Conclusions: Vegetable production in the San Vicente Chicoloapan ejido, State of Mexico, is at risk of disappearing, as a consequence of economic and social issues and a lack of support. The ejidatarios who still grow vegetables have tried to mitigate these problems; however, their future as producers is severely limited and older people have chosen to sell their land, which are used by developers to build houses.
Effect of annatto and alfalfa on egg yolk pigmentation in Creole hens
Authors: Rodriguez Ortega Alejandro , Rodríguez-Ortega Leodan T. , Segovia-Azpeitia Sergio , Hernández-Guzmán Filogonio J. , Pro-Martínez Arturo , Estrada-Hernández María de la Luz
Published: November 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effect of an alfalfa- and annatto-enriched diet on the external and internal characteristics of eggs laid by Creole hens.
Design/Methodology: A set of 22 Creole hens was divided into two treatment groups. The first group (n=11 females and one male) was fed alfalfa, while the second (n=11 females and one male) consumed alfalfa and annatto. For the study, 116 eggs (alfalfa=58 and annatto=58) were collected and stored in refrigeration until further analysis. The data encompassed external physical characteristics (egg weight, length, width, and shell thickness) and internal physical characteristics (yolk weight, white weight, and yolk pigmentation). Yolk color was evaluated as per the DSM color spectrum.
Study Limitations/implications: Backyard poultry farming does not use artificial pigments to color egg yolks due to their high cost and low availability. Annatto and alfalfa are low-cost, handy alternatives.
Results: Adding fresh alfalfa or annatto to the Creole hens' diet did not significantly affect (P>0.05) egg weight, length, or width, nor (P>0.05) eggshell thickness. Yolk and white weight were not affected (P>0.05) either. However, supplementing the hens’ diet with annatto intensified yolk pigmentation.
Conclusion: Adding annatto to the Creole hens' diet intensifies yolk color without affecting the external or internal physical characteristics of eggs. Annatto (known in Mexico as achiote) is a natural pigment with no harmful effects on human health compared to synthetic alternatives. It is also inexpensive and easily accessible.
Biological Activity of Essential Oil from Two Aromatic Species on the in vitro Control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.
Authors: Sánchez Cortez Katya , Ruiz-Posadas Lucero del Mar , Soto-Hernández Ramón M. , Ortega-Acosta Santo A.
Published: November 2024

Objective: Essential oils (EO) from aromatic and medicinal plants (AMP) are considered a viable alternative for controlling phytopathogenic fungi of agronomic importance. This study evaluated the antifungal activity of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and rue (Ruta graveolens L.) essential oils against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The antifungal activity was assessed using the agar disk diffusion method, with concentrations ranging from 10% to 100% of each EO. The phytochemical composition was analyzed using GC-MS. Morphological observations were conducted with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Results: Significant antifungal activity was observed at concentrations of 50-100% of thyme EO. Rue EO exhibited a fungistatic effect for up to six days. Phytochemical analysis identified carvacrol (35.95%) and p-cymene (41.18%) as the major components in thyme EO, and 2-nonanone (24.24%) and 2-undecanone (68.69%) in rue EO.
Findings/conclusions: The evaluated EOs significantly impacted fungal morphology at 60% concentration. The strong antifungal activity of thyme EO against C. gloeosporioides suggests its potential as an eco-friendly control alternative.
Effectiveness study of learning algorithms in supply chains of a dairy business
Authors: Arellano-Cruz Erika P. , Martínez-Sibaja Albino , Rodríguez-Jarquin José P. , Posada-Gómez Rubén , Bello-Ramírez Angélica M. , Núñez-Dorantes Juan C.
Published: November 2024

Objective: To develop a control system to prevent over-response of the supply chain of a dairy business.
Methodology: The following methods were used: DQN, Double DQN, Dueling DQN, and Dueling Double DQN to determine the distribution of demand: normal and uniform.
Results: Results were calculated based on stability in learning (the last 10,000 episodes). It was observed that the means of DQN and DDQN were very similar. To validate whether the performance of the Dueling DQN algorithm is better than that of the DQN algorithm, a non-parametric test was performed to compare the mean rank of two related samples and to determine if there are differences between them. The p values ​​were 5.83e−38 and 0.000 for the Normal and Uniform distributions, respectively.
Conclusions: The algorithm with the best results is Dueling DQN, with an average total cost of 151.27 units for the demand with a normal distribution and an average of 155.3 units for the demand with a uniform distribution. This method has less variability once convergence is achieved
Morphological characterization of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) criollo type in Mexico
Authors: Avendaño-Arrazate C.H. , Porog-López K.M. , Martínez-Bolaños M. , Reyes-Reyes A.L. , Guerra-Medina C.E , Martínez-Bolaños L. , Gómez-Godínez L.J. , García-Alamilla P.
Published: November 2024

Objective: Achieve the morphological characterization of Criollo-type cocoa from Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: For morphological characterization, 17 Criollo-type cocoa accessions and 30 varietal descriptors were proposed by Avendaño et al., (2014), and this was carried out on five-year-old trees in the Rosario Izapa Experimental Field of INIFAP during two production cycles.
Results: With the first three principal components, 47.3% of the variation was explained and the variables that most explained this variation were the color of the young leaf, anthocyanin pigmentation of the pedicel, basal constriction of the fruit, shape of the fruit apex and length/diameter ratio of the fruit; sepal length, sepal width length, fruit length, fruit exocarp thickness, seed width, seed length/diameter ratio and cotyledon color. The cluster analysis allowed us to differentiate two groups where the color of the unripe fruit was one of the descriptors that contributed the most to forming the groups.
Limitations on study/implications: Knowledge of the diversity of Mexican Criollo-type cocoas allows for establishing strategies for conserving and using this type of cocoa.
Findings/conclusions: In Mexico, the Criollo cacao genetic group presents a wide morphological variation in the descriptors of leaf, flower, fruit and seed. The shape of the apex of the leaf, the anthocyanin pigmentation in the flower, the color in the mature and immature state, and the shape and basal constriction of the fruit, as well as the color of the cotyledon, are the descriptors that allowed us to differentiate the Criollo cocoas studied.
BOOK REVIEW: This Monkey’s Gone to Heaven
Authors: Shoesmith John
Published: November 2024

Rollin Milroy, This Monkey’s Gone to Heaven. Checklist Ultimo: Heavenly Monkey & HM Editions, 2000–2020, Vancouver: Heavenly Monkey, 2022, 67 p. $1,550 CAD (hardback)
Ecological aspects and hydrodynamics of hitchhiking remoras Remora spp. associated with sicklefin devil rays Mobula tarapacana
Authors: Castellano-González G , Macena BCL , Bartolomeu T , Passos A , Afonso P , Fontes JMR
Published: November 2024

Remoras are the most common symbiont of pelagic devil rays (Mobulidae). They attach to the host using a modified dorsal fin that acts as a suction cup, an adaptation to provide enhanced protection from predators and feeding opportunities, facilitate encounters with conspecifics and save energy by reducing the remora’s cost of transport. Much less clear is whether mobulids obtain any benefits or even if this symbiosis impacts them. These ecological interactions have only been addressed for some species (e.g. sharks, cetaceans and turtles) but not yet for the sicklefin devil ray Mobula tarapacana. To understand the remora’s attachment body site preferences, the hydrodynamic influence on the site selection and the drag cost of transport to the host, the remora-devil ray association was investigated in the Azores archipelago (Portugal) by combining in situ surveys with animal-borne video monitoring and 3-dimensional fluid modelling analyses. Our study identifies the common remora Remora remora as the main symbiont of adult sicklefin devil rays and describes the number of remoras per host, their size structure and preferred attachment position, plus the hydrodynamic cost to the devil rays. We found that individual sicklefin devil rays usually carry 2 to 3 remoras (including large to small remoras), and remoras choose to attach to the head and tail of the sicklefin devil rays, to benefit from minimised drag. Our results also highlight that the overall drag resulting from the transportation of remoras is a relatively low hydrodynamic burden to the sicklefin devil rays.
Role of Mucus in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats
Authors: Mojžiš J , Hegedüšová R , Mirossay L
Published: November 2024

Gastric mucus plays an important role in gastric mucosal protection. Apart from its “barrier” function, it has been demonstrated that mucus protects gastric epithelial cells against toxic oxygen metabolites derived from the xanthine/ xanthine oxidase system. In this study, we investigated the effect of malotilate and sucralfate (mucus production stimulators) and N-acetylcysteine (mucolytic agent) on ischemia/reperfusion-induced gastric mucosal injury. Gastric ischemia was induced by 30 min clamping of the coeliac artery followed by 30 min of reperfusion. The mucus content was determined by the Alcian blue method. Sucralfate (100 mg/kg), malotilate (100 mg/kg), and N-acetylcysteine (100 mg/kg) were given orally 30 min before surgery. Both sucralfate and malotilate increased the mucus production in control rats. On the other hand, N-acetylcysteine significantly decreased mucus content in control (sham) group. A significant decrease of mucus content was found in the control and the N-acetylcysteine pretreated group during the period of ischemia. On the other hand, sucralfate and malotilate prevented the decrease the content of mucus during ischemia. A similar result can be seen after ischemia/reperfusion. In the control group and N-acetylcysteine pretreated group a significant decrease of adherent mucus content was found. However, sucralfate and malotilate increased mucus production (sucralfate significantly). Sucralfate and malotilate also significantly protected the gastric mucosa against ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury. However, N-acetylcysteine significantly increased gastric mucosal injury after ischemia/reperfusion. These results suggest that gastric mucus may be involved in the protection of gastric mucosa after ischemia/reperfusion.
TÜRK-İSVİÇRE HUKUKUNDA GÜVEN SORUMLULUĞU - KAVRAMIN GELİŞİMİ VE ELEŞTİRİSİ -
Authors: Kurtulan Güner Gökçe
Published: November 2024

Güven sorumluluğu, temelini dürüstlük kuralında bulan, haksız fiil ve sözleşmesel sorumluluk ikiliği dışındaki gri alanda yer alan bir kavramdır. Kavram, ilk olarak Alman hukukunda ortaya çıkmış, Alman hukukundaki bu gelişmeler zaman içinde Türk-İsviçre öğretisinde ve yargı kararlarında da yansımalarını bulmuştur. İsviçre Federal Mahkemesi 1994 yılında verdiği meşhur Swissair kararıyla birlikte yeni bir sorumluluk temeli olarak güven sorumluluğunu ilk defa kabul etmiştir. Yargıtay da özellikle 2010 yılından beri verdiği bir dizi kararla güven sorumluluğu adı altında ayrı bir sorumluluk temelini kabul etmiş, bunun için aranan şartlar da zaman içinde belirginleşmiştir. Güven sorumluluğu Türk pozitif hukukunda da kendine yer bulmuş ve Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun 209. maddesiyle şirketler topluluğu özelinde güven sorumluluğu ayrıca düzenlenmiştir. Mahkeme kararlarıyla bahsi geçen hukuk sistemlerinde kendine bir yer edinen güven sorumluluğuna ilişkin olarak dile getirilen eleştirileri temel olarak üç gruba ayırmak mümkündür. Bunlardan ilki teorinin dogmatik kökenlerine ve bu teorinin Türk-İsviçre hukuk sistemiyle uyum içinde olmadığına ilişkindir. İkinci temel eleştiri sorumluluğun sınırlarının genişliğine ve silikliğine, bir diğer eleştiri ise sonuçlarının belirsizliğine ilişkindir. Bu çalışmada güven sorumluluğunun gelişimi ve temel unsurları incelenmiş, söz konusu eleştiriler Türk hukuku özelinde değerlendirilmiştir.
ELEKTRONİK ARAÇLARLA YAPILAN SÖZLÜ VASİYETNAME VE YORUMU
Authors: İbiş Funda
Published: November 2024

Teknolojinin gelişmesi, birçok alanı etkileyip, bu alanları teknolojiye uyum sağlamaya zorlamıştır. Teknolojiye uyum sağlama ihtiyacı, ölüme bağlı tasarruflar ve konumuz açısından vasiyetnameler bakımından da kendini göstermektedir. Elektronik aletler, insanlar tarafından yaşamın her alanında hayatlarını kolaylaştırmak için kullanılmaktadır. İnsanlar vasiyetnamelerin yapımı aşamasında da bu elektronik aletlerden yararlanmak istemektedir. Bu durumda Türk Medeni Kanunu’muzda, elektronik araçlarla vasiyetname yapılmasına ilişkin bir düzenleme bulunmaması, bizleri elektronik araçlarla sözlü vasiyetname yapılması üzerine düşünme ve bir çalışma yapmaya itmektedir. Bu kapsamda, çalışmamızda elektronik araçlarla yapılan sözlü vasiyetnamelerde yer alan yoruma muhtaç ifadeler bakımından bu tür vasiyetnamelerde hakimin yorum yapmasını kolaylaştıran yönlerden bahsedilmektedir. Ayrıca, elektronik araçlarla yapılacak sözlü vasiyetnamelerin avantajları ve yorumlanması da değerlendirilmektedir.
İSVİÇRE MEDENİ KANUNU’NDAKİ MİRAS HUKUKUNA İLİŞKİN DEĞİŞİKLİKLER IŞIĞINDA MİRASBIRAKANIN MİRAS SÖZLEŞMESİ İLE BAĞDAŞMAYAN TASARRUFLARI
Authors: Kıraç Adır Esma
Published: November 2024

Miras sözleşmesi bağlayıcı niteliği haiz bir ölüme bağlı tasarruftur. Prensip olarak mirasbırakan bu tasarrufu, sağlığında tek başına ve serbestçe ortadan kaldıramaz. Bu kural olarak yalnızca, Türk Medeni Kanunu’nun çizdiği sınırlar dahilinde mümkün olabilir. Bununla beraber, mirasbırakan miras sözleşmesi yaptıktan sonra da malvarlığı üzerinde serbestçe tasarruf edebilir. Onun bu tasarrufları hukuken geçerlidir. Fakat miras sözleşmesinin, vasiyetnameden farklı olarak iki taraflı ve bağlayıcı bir ölüme bağlı tasarruf olması sebebiyle, bu kurala bir istisna getirilmiştir. TMK m. 527/II uyarınca, mirasbırakanın miras sözleşmesel yükümlülüklerle bağdaşmayan ölüme bağlı tasarrufları ile bağışlamaları itiraza (iptale) konu olabilecektir. Bu hükmün İsviçre Medeni Kanunu’ndaki karşılığı ZGB Art. 494 (Abs. 3)’tür. Hükümlerin uygulama koşulları bakımından farklı görüşlerin ortaya çıktığı belirtilmelidir. Miras sözleşmesi ile mirasçı atandığında, mirasbırakanın sonraki bağışlamalarının iptaline ilişkin öğretinin bir kısmı ve özellikle İsviçre Federal Mahkemesi kararları arasında bazı görüş farklılıkları bulunmaktadır. Buna ilaveten, İsviçre’deki Miras Hukuku Revizyonu ile beraber ZGB Art. 494 Abs. 3 de değişikliğe uğramıştır. Tüm bu sebeplerle, konunun incelenmesi bir gereklilik halini almıştır.
İŞ SÖZLEŞMESİNİN SONUÇLARINDAN “GERİ VERME YÜKÜMLÜLÜĞÜ” ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Özer Hatice Duygu
Published: November 2024

İş sözleşmesinin sona ermesinin pek çok sonucu bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan bir kısmı 4857 Sayılı İş Kanunu’nda açıkça düzenlenmiş, bir kısmı ise 6098 Sayılı Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nda düzenlenmiştir. Uygulamada genellikle kıdem tazminatı/ihbar tazminatı ödenmesi, ücret alacaklarının muaccel olması gibi sonuçlar sıklıkla karşımıza çıkmakta ve bu sonuçlara ilişkin öğretide çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. İş sözleşmesinin sona ermesinin bir başka sonucu olan “geri verme yükümlülüğü” ise Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nda düzenlenmiş bir borç olmakla birlikte tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla akademik incelemeye yeterince konu edilmemiştir. Çalışmamızda TBK. m.443’de yer verilen ve hem işçi hem de işveren için öngörülen bu borcun kapsamında neler olduğu ve borcun yerine getirilmesi sürecine ilişkin önemli hususlar ele alınacak, uygulamaya yansıyan sorunlara değinilecektir.
Peran Dosen PAI Dalam Menanamkan Nila-nilai Pendidikan Karakter Mahasiswa Generasi Z di Universitas PGRI Jombang
Authors: Zendy Candra  , Jumari
Published: November 2024

Pendidikan Karakter merupakan penanaman nilai-nilai karakter dalam pembentukan kepribadian seseorang untuk menjadi lebih baik. Pasalnya di dalam lingkungan kampus masih banyak mahasiswa yang kurang displin, tidak jujur saat mengerjakan tugas, sering berangkat terlambat, kurangnya rasa peka. Melihat fenomena tersebut, maka sangat penting adanya pendidikan karakter ditengah-tengah pesatnya perkembangan jaman. Dalam perguruan tinggi, erat kaitanya juga dengan peran dari seorang Dosen yang tidak hanya mentransferkan ilmu pengetahuan saja tetapi juga harus mampu menanamkan nilai pendidikan karakter kepada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Universitas PGRI Jombang. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Kemudian data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis menggunakan model Milles dan Huberman yang menyatakan ada tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian, dan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa: (1) Dosen PAI di Universitas PGRI Jombang sudah berperan sesuai dengan peran pendidik tidak hanya sebagai pengajar saja tetapi juga sebagai pembimbing, motivator, fasilitator, dan evaluator. Dosen PAI juga memiliki cara sendiri untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter kepada mahasiswa, seperti memberikan motivasi, menceritakan peristiwa yang terjadi, membiasakan mahasiswa untuk selalu berdoa, dan memberikan arahan jika ada mahasiswa yang kurang disiplin. (2) faktor pendukung dalam penanaman nilai pendidikan karakter seperti dalam diri mahasiswa sendiri yang bersemangat dalam belajar, fasilitas yang memadai, dan lingkungan yang mendukung. Selain itu juga ada faktor penghambatnya yaitu rasa malas dalam diri mahasiswa, kurangnya minat belajar, terlalu sibuk mengikuti kegiatan diluar perkuliahan, fasilitas yang kurang, dan lingkungan yang kurang kondusif serta waktu yang sangat singkat.
Effect of acid corrosion on physico-mechanical parameters and energy dissipation of granite
Authors: Zhang Jimiao , Zhang Bao , Shen Yupeng , Yang Tuo
Published: November 2024

In deep underground engineering, it is inevitable that portions of the rock mass will be subjected to the erosion and chemical corrosion of infiltrating water. A comprehensive study of the physical, mechanical, and energetic properties of rocks after hydrochemical corrosion is crucial for ensuring the stability of the rock mass. The novelty of this research lies in the detailed investigation of the macroscopic and microscopic morphologies of rocks exposed to various corrosive solutions, as well as the changes in various physical and mechanical parameters. Utilizing the weighting method, a scientific comprehensive evaluation system for deep rocks after hydrochemical corrosion has been established. The results indicate a pronounced sensitivity of the macroscopic and microscopic morphologies to pH values. The longitudinal wave velocity of the corroded rock decreases obviously, with the maximum decrease being 13.46%. As the pH value decreases (from 7 to 3), the compressive strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the rocks all decrease significantly. The acidity of the solution significantly aects the changes in the three types of strain energy of the rocks, with higher acidity leading to weaker energy storage capability. Among the factors influencing the characteristics of strain energy variation in rocks, confining pressure has a higher priority than pH value. This study precisely evaluates the impact of hydrochemical corrosion on rock damage using a percentage-based scoring system, and found that granite’s score dropped from 81 to 16. The research findings provide valuable insights for the evaluation of rock mass stability under hydrochemical corrosion conditions.
Dynamics of CO2 fluxes and environmental responses in a Poplar plantation
Authors: Ge Mengyu , Wang Weifeng , Ruan Honghua , Wang Guobing , Zhang Shuang , Yu Shuiqiang
Published: November 2024

Forest plantations cover a large percentage of global forest landscapes contributing significantly to carbon sequestration. By using continuous eddy covariance technique, we observed net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and meteorological variables from August 2018 to December 2019 in a Poplar plantation. The Poplar plantation ecosystem was a carbon sink overall, with high carbon uptake in growing season and limited uptake/emission in non-growing season. The annual cumulative NEE, GEP, and ER were −763.61, 1542.19, and 778.58 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) significantly influenced NEE both at half-hourly and daily scale (P < 0.01 for both), while relative humidity (RH) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) only significantly affected NEE at half-hourly scale (P < 0.01). The prevailing wind direction throughout 2019 was southeast and it varied between seasons. Southeast wind was the prevailing wind direction in summer and winter, while southwest and northeast wind were the dominant wind direction in spring and autumn, respectively. Our results highlight that polar plantations play an important role in storing carbon, and that understanding meteorological conditions is crucial in investigating ecosystem-atmosphere interactions and their impacts on carbon cycling.
Distinct types of VHHs in Alpaca
Authors: Wang Xinhao , Zhang Lu , Zhang Yao , Li Jiaguo , Xu Wenfeng , Zhu Weimin
Published: November 2024

Introduction

VHHs (VH of heavy-chain-only antibodies) represent a unique alternative to Q7 conventional
antibodies because of their smaller size, comparable binding affinity and biophysical properties.

Method

In this study, we systematically analyzed VHH NGS sequences from 22 Alpacas and structure data from public database.

Results

VHHs in Alpaca can be grouped into five main types with multiple distinct sequence and structure
features. Based on the existence of hallmark residues in FR2 region, VHHs can be classified into two
groups: nonclassical VHHs (without hallmark residues) and classical VHHs (with hallmark residues).
Based on VHH hallmark residues at 42 position (IMGT numbering, FR2 region) and number of cysteines,
we found that Alpaca classical VHHs can be further separated into three main types: F_C2 VHHs with F
(phenylalanine) at position 42 and having 2 cysteines within sequences, Y_C2 VHHs with Y (tyrosine)
at position 42 and having 2 cysteines, and F_C4 with F at position 42 and having 4 cysteines. Non-classical VHHs can be further separated into 2 types based on germlines mapped: N_V3 for VHHs mapped to V3 germlines and N_V4 for V4 germlines. Based on whether FR2 residues are involved in binding, two kinds of paratopes can be identified. Different types of VHHs showed distinct associations with these two paratopes and displayed significant differences in paratope size, residue usage and other structure features.

Discussion

Such results will have significant implications in VHH discovery, engine e ring, and design for innovative therapeutics.
The role of AIM2 in inflammation and tumors
Authors: Yu Dalang , Zheng Siping , Sui Lina , Xi Yuling , He Tiansheng , Liu Zhiping
Published: November 2024

Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) serves as an intracellular nucleic acid sensor that predominantly detects double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) within the cells. This detection initiates the assembly of inflammasome and activates the inflammasome signaling cascade, resulting in the production of inflammatory mediators and the cleavage of Gasdermins. Consequently, these processes culminate in inflammatory responses and pyroptotic cell death. AIM2 plays a pivotal role in modulating inflammation and tumorigenesis, functioning through both inflammasome-dependent and independent mechanisms. Its influence on the host immune response is dual-faceted, exhibiting both promotive and inhibitory effects in the contexts of inflammation and tumors. These effects are predominantly contingent upon the specific cell type expressing AIM2 and the nature of the host’s disease. This article seeks to review the latest advancements in understanding the cell-specific functions of AIM2 in inflammation and tumorigenesis, with the objective of offering insights for further research on AIM2 and informing the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for clinical application.
Unveiling the population structure and breeding patterns of Petrolisthes boscii (Audouin, 1826) a common intertidal inhabitant of Shivrajpur, Saurashtra Coast, Gujarat
Authors: Patel Nayan , Patel Krupal J. , Patel Ashish , Ali Daoud , Alarifi Saud , Trivedi Jigneshkumar N.
Published: November 2024

The present study focused on investigating the population structure and breeding biology of a species of Porcellanid crab, Petrolisthes boscii (Audouin, 1826). Evaluating the population ecology of the species is essential considering its crucial role in ecological functions including the nutrition cycle and its potential vulnerability to environmental stressors. The samples were collected over a period of 12 consecutive months (from March 2019 to February 2020) in an area of 500 m2 during low tide, utilizing the catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) method when the water receded. The collected specimens (859 individuals) were categorized into males (407 individuals), non-ovigerous females (452 individuals), and ovigerous females (303 individuals). The assessment of fecundity was conducted by measuring the egg characteristics, including the total number, size, and weight of the eggs, as well as the carapace width of the ovigerous females. There was an evident difference in size, with males (8.60 ± 2.76) being significantly larger compared to females (8.39 ± 2.46) (p < 0.001). The overall and monthly sex ratios were female-biased (1:1.17). Moreover, the size frequency distribution revealed a bimodal distribution in male as well as female individuals. Ovigerous females occurred in all the months, which shows that the species breeds continuously throughout the year, with peaks in the months of March to May and August to October. There was a significant positive relationship observed among the size of ovigerous females and their total number of eggs (130.39 ± 83.31), egg mass weight (150 ± 110 mg). The study may provide baseline information for future studies on the impacts of a continuously altering environment and the consequences of increasing anthropogenic pressure on coastal areas.
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation on upper limb motor function after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Shanshan , Wen Zhu , Liu Ying , Sun Tao , Xu Li , Yu Qian
Published: November 2024

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) on upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke.

Methods

We systematically searched databases up to May 2024, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the application of rTMS combined rPMS on upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. We used Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool to assess bias risk of the included RCTs. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0 software.

Results

A total of 9 RCTs involving 483 participants were included in this study. Compared with the control groups that used either conventional therapy or rTMS alone, the experimental group that used rTMS combined rPMS showed significant improvements in stroke patients' upper limb motor function [MD = 3.65, 95% CI (2.75, 4.54), P < 0.05], ability of daily living [MD = 4.50, 95% CI (3.50, 5.50), P < 0.05], and spasticity [MD = –0.34, 95% CI (−0.48, −0.20), P < 0.05]. Meanwhile, in terms of neurophysiological indicators, significant differences were found both for motor evoked potential latency [MD = −1.77, 95% CI (−3.19, −0.35), P < 0.05] and motor evoked potential amplitude [MD = 0.25, 95% CI (0.01, 0.49), P < 0.05].

Conclusion

This study provides low-level evidence that the therapy of LF-rTMS or HF-rTMS combined with rPMS can improve the upper limb motor function and daily living ability of stroke patients. However, given that the low quality of the evidence for the evaluation results, further evidence from high-quality studies is needed to substantiate this conclusion.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024539195, PROSPERO Platform [CRD42024539195].
Pneumatization pattern of the temporal bone with volumetric assessment and its impact on the frequency of cerebrospinal fluid leak in patients undergoing vestibular schwannoma surgery via the retrosigmoid approach
Authors: Zaczkowski Karol , Wójcik Rafał , Tybor Krzysztof , Jaskólski Dariusz Jan , Wiśniewski Karol
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Vestibular schwannomas are benign tumors that account for 8% of all intracranial tumors. Due to their location in the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal, access to these lesions requires disruption of the temporal bone. The pneumatization of this bone varies between individuals, and literature reports suggest that it may influence the frequency of cerebrospinal fluid leaks. In our study, we assessed whether the pneumatization of the temporal bone differs in individuals with or without cerebrospinal fluid leak.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis that initially included 143 individuals, of whom 103 were ultimately qualified for the study. We analyzed the clinical data of the patients and the radiological characteristics of the pneumatization of the temporal bone using volumetric methods, additionally relying on classifications of temporal bone pneumatization.

Results

Pneumatization of the temporal bone in patients operated on for vestibular schwannoma with cerebrospinal fluid leakage was significantly higher compared to the group without leakage (Right: 11.15 [IQR 8.93–12.83] vs. 13.25 [IQR 10.15–15.53]; p = 0.040; Left: 10.95 [IQR 9.5–12.26] vs. 14.4 [IQR 13.03–15.7]; p = 0.012). Additionally, a higher degree of pneumatization of the petrous apex was significantly more frequent in the group with cerebrospinal fluid leak in both left (p < 0.001) and right (p < 0.001) side.

Discussion

The analyzed data suggest that greater pneumatization of the temporal bone and a higher degree of petrous apex pneumatization in the classification of temporal bone pneumatization may be associated with an increased risk of cerebrospinal fluid leak. To draw causal inferences, prospective studies in this area are necessary.
Cytokine correlations in childhood-onset rheumatic diseases with pulmonary involvement
Authors: Huang Hua , Ding Fei , Liu Chenxi , Bao Shengfang , Jin Yingying , Jin Yanliang , Bao Yixiao
Published: November 2024

Background

There was less research about cytokines in lung involvement of childhood-onset rheumatic diseases (RD) patients.

Objective

In this investigation, blood levels of 12 cytokines were tested in order to explore their associations with lung involvement in newly diagnosed childhood-onset RD patients.

Methods

High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) were performed on 53 newly diagnosed RD patients without any treatment in our department between July 2021 and December 2023. Patients were separated into groups based on whether their lungs were involved or not according to abnormalities found on HRCT or PFTs. We examined the serum cytokines with 41 healthy, age and gender-matched controls.

Results

The majority of serum cytokine levels were statistically different between the RD group with lung involvement and the control group. The RD group with lung involvement had considerably higher serum IL-6 and IFN-γ levels than the RD group without lung involvement or control group. The median serum IL-6 levels were 19 pg/ml [interquartile range (IQR) 6.9, 27.6], 4.4 pg/ml (IQR 2.0, 10.5), and 2.0 pg/ml (IQR 2.0, 2.0) in RD group with lung involvement, RD group without lung involvement, and control group, respectively. Similarly, the median serum IFN-γ levels were 6.0 pg/ml (IQR 5.0, 15), 5.0 pg/ml (IQR 5.0, 5.0), and 5.0 pg/ml (IQR 5.0, 5.0) in RD group with lung involvement, RD group without lung involvement, and control group, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve study showed that IL-6 and IFN-γ had area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.782 and 0.742, respectively, indicating their significant diagnostic potential for lung involvement in RD patients.

Conclusion

Our findings imply that IL-6 and IFN-γ may be associated with the development of lung illnesses and may be involved in the pathophysiology of RD. Thus, in individuals with RD, elevated levels of IFN-γ over 5.42 pg/ml or IL-6 above 6.25 pg/ml may warrant suspicion of lung involvement.