bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan sedasi inhalasi N 2 O-O 2 pada penatalaksanaan marsupialisasi ranula rongga mulut anak anxiety patient
Authors: Achmad Harun , Safitri Dini , Gunawan Kirana Lina
Published: May 2018

Inhalation sedation becomes the main choice in the dental treatment of children whoovercome have any kind of the fearness, concerned with pain in the treatment of theirteeth. Inhalation sedation with N2O-Ocauses sedation situation that accompanies byanalgesia to the conscious patients by inhaling the mixture of oxide nitrogen (N2O)with oxygen (O), that was known as psychosedation or concious sedation technique.Ranula is a mucocel that developed at the base of the mouth, unilateral, bluish, andthe shape like frog stomach. On this paper, will be esplained about N2O-O2inhalationsedation technique that concider the condition for the patient, using short time andcan be recovered immediately. A 9 year old girl diagnosed by ranula sublingualis onthe cavity of the mouth was very anxiety and fear in this treatment. The ranula treatedwith marsupialitation and was supervised by inhalation sedation of N2O-O2 in theSpecial Dental Care Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. The result showed thatinhalation sedation with N2O-O2 was very very useful to reduce anxiety and fear tocertain patients with minimal side-effect. So it was very important to a dentist to knowthe selection of the patient, equipment and the technique of inhalation sedationadequately
Teknik penyajian presentasi ilmiah yang efektif dengan menggunakan media elektronik
Authors: Mailoa Elizabeth
Published: May 2018

The digital era has transformed the manner in which scientific material is presentedto dental professional. With recent technological advances, speakers presentinginformation have greater options to deliver their materials. Most notably, speakersare able to use media to assist and enhance presentations. Recent technology ofpresentations with software such as PowerPoint has becoming popular lately, becausethis software has many advantages, such as the ability to incorporate graphics, textand sound in a multimedia files. An effective presentation is when your audience caneasily grasp the ideas you are trying to get across. In scientific presentationsengaging and clear visuals complement the speaker role of translating andcommunicating information. Scientific presentation with projecting images and teststimulates audience attention and retention. The purpose of this article is to providekey points on in focus in the delivery of presentation, and to maximize its effectivenessby using the benefit of electronic digital media.
Tingkat keparahan halitosis pada manula pemakai gigitiruan
Authors: Dharmautama Moh. , Koyama Angela Thomas , Kusumawati Astri
Published: May 2018

As the increased of age, the mouth commonly becames dried and could cause difficultyeither in swallowing foods or using denture. The condition could produced a badbreath (halitosis). Study about halitosis in these people becomes interested because ofmany people are using denture nowadays. The aim of this study is determinet the effectof using denture in older with the product of halitosis. The study will evaluated howserious the halitosis condition will happened in the correlation between duration ofusing any kind denture and the product of halitosis.This study perform in MakassarCity, consist of fifty people over sixty years old who still using denture with notsystemic factors in a non random sampling.Conclusion, there is 46 % with medium category byusing rub smell and blowsmelldetections, use using dentures could produced halitosis, compare with the other kindsof denture, partial denture is the most common couse in produced halitosis, and wasinfluenced by the duration of denture.
Optimalisasi radiografi gigi konvensional untuk membantu pemasangan implan gigi
Authors: Yunus Barunawaty
Published: May 2018

Radiography as diagnostic tool is essential for treatment plan of implant. Manytechniques used to produce radiography are recommended to support the dentist inaccessing area of implantation. Many implant experts use panoramic radiography asguidelines of jaw bone evaluation as recommended by implant procedures. In orderto get optimal measurement, occlusal radiography technique can be added to evaluatethe bone thickness.panoramic and periapical radiography can solely evaluate thewidth and height of jaw bone. This study proposed to evaluate parametric value, aswidth, height, and thickness of jaw bone by conventional dental diagnosticradiography. This was observational study, with cross sectional design. Samples werechosen as population target that fulfilled samples criteria. Number of samples were 30and and analyzed using the SPSS program for Windows 14.0 and T-test. In this study,it can be concluded that there was significant difference before and after conversion ofall parametric radiography conventional tooth on jaw bone.
Penanganan hiperplasia fibromatosis gingiva
Authors: Hatta Lenni Indriani
Published: May 2018

The treatment of oral cavity abnormality with diagnosis as hyperplasia fibromatousgingival, followed by immediate partial denture was purposed to provide esthetic ofhyperplasia protruded teeth. A case study was carried out to a 20 year-old female patientwith protrusive mobile anterior teeth and hyperplasia of the upper and lower jaw.Excision of gingival hyperplasia was made and the insertion of immediate partial dentureafter extraction of mobile and protrusive upper anterior teeth. Post-surgical and insertioncontrol were made after 24 hours, a week, and a month, and the gingival looks normally,esthetic and a better occlusion.
Penanganan sialolitiasis
Authors: S Hatta Hasan
Published: May 2018

The health of layer of oral mucosa and pharynx with mastication and respiration functionin the lower phase depend on the adequate flow of saliva. However, the obstruction ofsalivary gland can cause pain and inconvenience to the patient. A 44 year-old malepatient came with pain on bottom part of his tongue. On palpation and an x-raydiagnosed as sialolitiasis. An incision was made followed by the removal of sialolith andsuturing. This sialolith has a diameter of 1.5 centimetres. Post-surgical control wascarried out check the bleeding and operation condition. The patient was prescribed withanalgesic, antibiotic, and antiinflamation. After several controls, the patient has no morecomplaint.
A cytotoxic evaluation of 7 th generation dentin bonding agent on human pulp cells
Authors: Ghani Salwani A. , Masudi Sam’an M. , Omar Norshamsuria
Published: May 2018

Dentin bonding agents are resin based materials that used in clinical dentistry inorder to prevent leakage and promote adherent of filling material to the enamel anddentin. However, the polymerization of dentin bonding agents will release residualmonomer that may interact with pulp tissue. This in vitro study is aimed to evaluatethe cytotoxicity of new 7thgeneration dentin bonding agents (G Bond) on stem cellsfrom human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). The proliferated human pulp cellswere incubated at 37 C for 48 hours. Under aseptic conditions, extracted testspecimen were plated in 96 well of tissue tray. SHEDs were placed on each well withdifferent concentration of dentin bonding agents, and then incubated at 37 C for 72hours exposure. The cytotoxic effect was recorded by using MTT assay method.Statistical analysis showed that higher concentration of dentin bonding agents (IC=0.035 mg/ml)exerts higher toxic effect to the human pulp cells (SHEDs). This studyconcluded that pulpal reaction to dentin bonding agent may depend on number ofapplication procedure.
Stomatitis aftosa rekuren oleh karena anemia
Authors: Apriasari Maharani Laillyza , Tuti Hening
Published: May 2018

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the common lesion in oral cavity. The etiologyof RAS remains unclear. The trigger factors are genetic, traumatic, abnormalimmunology, digestive diseases, hormonal disturbance, HIV, stress, infection andnutrition deficiency. This is a case report of a patient with minor, multiple, pain, whitecolor ulcer with erythema halo on lips palatum and tongue mucous. One day beforethe ulcers erupted, prodromal symptoms had occurred such as subfebris, malaise, anddizziness. The patient was 19-year-old, male, undergraduate student and with historyof ulceration every month. The clinical diagnosis was primary herpeticgingivostomatitis. The differential diagnosis was RAS. The complete blood count(CBC) result indicated that the patient suffered anemia. He was provided withbenzydamin HCl gargle and oral supplement contain ferrous, vitamins, and minerals.It can be concluded that anemia can be a trigger factor of RAS. Therefore, it isimportant for the dentist to know the clinical signs and manifestations of anemia inoral cavity in order to provide an appropriate treatment.
Peran matriks metaloproteinase-8 pada cairan krevikuler gingiva selama pergerakan gigi ortodontik
Authors: Susilowati Susilowati
Published: May 2018

Orthodontic treatment usually involves tooth movement. The orthodontic force as anextrinsic mechanical stimulus, evokes a biologic cellular response in the periodontalsupporting ligament. At early stage, it causes inflammation of periodontal tissuewhich is followed by the release of cytokines, T cell, B cell, and then MMP enzyme.MMP-8 (collagenase 2) is a member of matrixin subfamily plays an important role inperiodontal ligament remodeling. It has capability to maintain the cellular structure,integrity, activity, and function of extracellular matrix of periodontal tissue. The maincomponent of extracellular matrix is tissue protein, i.e. collagen, fibronectin, andglicosaminoglycan. During orthodontic tooth movement, collagen degradation occursin extracellular matrix of periodontal tissue and alveolar bone. As a result, it enablesthe release of cells from extracellular environment, for example osteoblast moves toapposition and osteoclast to resorption sites that enable the tooth movement. Theexpression and level of MMP-8 can be assessed in the gingival crevicular fluid. Theaim of this review is to describe the role of MMP-8 in orthodontic tooth movement.
Penatalaksanaan disgnati kelas II skeletal dengan bilateral sagital split osteotomy
Authors: Ruslin Muhammad , Astuti Ida Ayu , Tuinzing D. Bram
Published: May 2018

This case reported a female patient aged 30 years was treated with orthognathysurgery in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Based on clinical and radiologicalexaminations, model study and photography, diagnosis of skeletal dysgnathy class IIwas established. The orthodontic treatment is a preparation before surgical operationto achieve stability in optimal dental interdigitation. In operation, BSSO, chinplasty,and V-Y plastic upper lip as well as intermaxillary fixation (IMF) ligation was carriedout at the dentofacial position class I. At day-16, radiography was carried out toevaluate the surgical outcome and the bone position. At day-21, the opening of jawswas 1.5 cm; and at day-42, the patient was reconsulted to orthodontist, and tophysical medicine and rehabilitation In month-3, occlusion, facial profile andharmony, and jaw functions showed the satisfying outcome, though for theinterdigitation stabilization, the rubber elastics was still installed.
Mouth preparation pasien hemangioma bibir pada anak sebelum tindakan radioterapi
Authors: Rieuwpassa Irene Edith , Achmad Harun
Published: May 2018

Hemangioma is a vascular benign tumor frequently found in childhood and about30% manifests itself in head and neck areas. This lesion is frequently found in lip,tongue and buccal mucosal areas. Its etiology is conjectured to be related to theproliferation of abnormalities of endothelium cells. According to its type, hemangiomais divided into capillary, cavernous, and mixed hemangioma. Surgery is indicated incases that cause complications. A case of hemangioma was reported in the lower lipof an eight-year-old girl. The patient accompanied by her parents visited the SpecialDental Care Clinic, Department of Oral Surgery, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung,with the complaint of having reddish bruises on the lower lip, which impeded thespeaking and masticating function. Before radiotherapy was performed at theRadiology Polyclinic, mouth preparation was provided for all his teeth first, for thepurpose of improving oral hygiene and preventing focal infection present in theintraoral condition.
Peran prostaglandin pada pergerakan gigi ortodontik
Authors: Iskandar Patricia , Ismaniati Nia Ayu
Published: May 2018

Orthodontic tooth movement is a complex process, in which cellular and chemicalchanges occur. When a force is applied onto a tooth, it causes tissue injury,compression of periodontal ligament and bone deformation. These procedures lead tofollowed by certain biochemical reactions at cellular level which results in boneremodeling. Thus a process of signal transduction occurs. In this process, somemessengers are released, including prostaglandin. Prostaglandin is an arachidonicacid metabolite, released when cell membrane is deformed. Prostaglandin,particularly PGE, play a role in bone metabolism and orthodontic tooth movement.Prostaglandin will stimulate the release of second messengers, i.e. cAMP and calciumintracellular. These second messengers will activate osteoclasts. Prostaglandin willalso induce RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand) to initiateosteoclasts differentiation. Some researchers proved that application of prostaglandinin orthodontic treatment can accelerate tooth movement.
Larutan irigasi saluran akar
Authors: Tanumihardja Maria
Published: May 2018

Irrigation of root canal is an essential part that supports the success of root canaltreatment as it removes necrotic tissues, microorganisms and dentin chips frominfected root canal through flushing of irrigants. Despite its usefulness as anantimicrobial agent, irrigants are also toxic that can cause irritations wheninadvertently forced into the periapical tissue. The choice of irrigants needs goodknowledge of irrigants’ characteristics, undertsanding an appropriate technique ofirrigation, and type of microorganisms involved in root canal infection that supportthe effectiveness of irrigants. This paper is aimed to discuss the characteristics ofsome irrigants commonly used in root canal treatment and also to present the resultsobtained from some clinical investigations.
Radikalisering van die politiek - ŉ gevaar vir die demokrasie
Authors: Schoeman M
Published: May 2018

Die afgelope twee dekades word gekenmerk deur ŉ toenemende ideologisering en radikalisering van die politiek. Dit kom neer op ŉ miskenning van die pluraliteit en veelstemmigheid van die mensdom, en as sodanig hou dit ŉ groot gevaar in vir die demokrasie. Politiek (en die begrip "demokrasie") word verskraal tot ŉ postkoloniale stryd teen rassisme en diskriminasie oftewel uitsluiting van die "Ander" as dit wat aan die wortel sou lê van alles wat boos en verkeerd is in die samelewing. Politiek word basies vereenselwig met die uitsluiting van alle uitsluitings. Die enigste wat binne hierdie logika uitgesluit mag, en inderdaad uitgesluit moet word, is diegene wat uitsluit en grense wil handhaaf. In die naam van "bevryding" en "progressiwiteit" word daar genadeloos proses gevoer teen diegene wat nog aandring op erkenning van die verskeidenheid van gemeenskappe, en wat nie (polities korrek) wil meedoen aan die transformasie-agenda van die radikale politiek nie. Diesulkes word beskou as struikelblokke in die opmars na ŉ geluksalige toekoms vir die mensdom en gebrandmerk as "vyande van die mensdom", as oorblyfsels uit ŉ agterhaalde verlede wat liefs uit die weg geruim moet word. Wesentlik bestaan ideologieë en radikale politiek altyd in ŉ negering van konkrete gegewenhede, feite en gebeurtenisse ten gunste van ŉ simplistiese morele basis-skema, naamlik ŉ digotomie (fundamentele kloof of skeiding) tussen goed en kwaad: "toleransie" versus "stigmatisering", "rassisme" versus "antirassisme", "samehorigheid" versus "segregasie", "openheid" versus "etnosentrisme", "onderdrukkers" teenoor "onderdruktes". Die asimmetriese morele kodering van teenstellings en konflikte tussen groepe mense hou ŉ ernstige bedreiging in juis vir dié sfeer waarbinne dit tradisioneel hanteer en so goed as moontlik opgelos word: die politieke sfeer waarin daar politieke vriende en vyande moontlik is, oorloë, maar ook die sluiting van ŉ kompromie en ŉ vredesverdrag. Radikale politiek wil ŉ einde maak aan politiek as die kuns van die moontlike wat rekening hou met objektiewe grense soos histories gegroeide verhoudinge asook nasionale en plaaslike eienaardighede. Sodoende word politiek die kompromislose voltrekking van ŉ taak, ŉ noodsaak, ŉ universele bestemming.
Сomparative analysis of mutations in influenza viruses genes HA and NA, isolated during 2012-2015 years
Authors: Radchenko L. , Fesenko A. , Mironenko A. , Smutko O.
Published: May 2018

The article presents results of genetic analysis of influenza viruses genes – hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, isolated in Ukraine in 2012-2015 years. Influenza viruses had mutations observed during all investigated epidemic seasons and acquired new substitutions, which were saved in next years or not consolidated.
Необходимость социально-политической модернизации
Authors: Равочкин Никита Николаевич
Published: May 2018

Статья построена на философском анализе необходимости проведения модернизации социальной и политической сфер жизни общества. Проводится обращение к плюрализму подходов к сущности модернизации. Раскрывается значимость учета различными обществами культурной идентификации. Приводятся обоснования необходимости социально-политической модернизации. Обращается внимание на актуальности исследуемой модернизации в российском обществе.
Is Science Enough?: The Limits of Scientific Agriculture in Nineteenth-Century Russia within a Global Market
Authors: Smith-Peter Susan
Published: May 2018

В статье выдвинуто предположение, что распространение научной информации не всегда является достаточным для успешной производитель­ности любой конкретной страны на глобальном рынке. В частности, в XIX веке в России существовали значительные барьеры для применения тех­нологий разведения улучшенных пород домашнего скота. Хотя сельско­хозяйственные общества — добровольные объединения российского дворян­ства — вели существенную работу по распространению научных методов разведения домашнего скота в России, успех на глобальном рынке шерсти был кратковременным. Изучение взаимовлияния отечественного и глобаль­ного рынков является ключевым для более глубокого понимания вызовов, стоящих перед российским сельским хозяйством.
Role of nitric oxide in the regulation of pain after nociceptive stimuli in rat spinal cord
Authors: Mete Mesut , Vural Kamil , Cezayirli Enis , Varol Tuncay , Tuğlu Mehmet İbrahim
Published: May 2018

Purpose: In this study, we examined the responses of the neurons in the lumbar segments of the spinal cord to nociceptive stimuli induced by formalin using c-fos immunohistochemistry and NADPH-d histochemistryMaterials and Methods: Thirteen male, Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were divided into 3 groups. Group 1: pain group (n=5). Group 2: sham group (n=5). Group 3: control group (n=3). In group 1, 50 µl of 30% formalin solution was injected subcutaneously unilaterally on the dorsal surface of the right foot. In group 2, phosphate buffered saline was injected subcutaneously unilaterally on the dorsal surface of the right foot. In group 3, no treatment was given. For each group lumbar spinal cord (SC) samples were taken. Samples were stained with c-fos and NADPH-d histochemistry and c-fos/NADPH-d double-labeling methods and evaluated under light microscope.Results: We noted that cells on spinal cord sections stained with c-fos, NADPH-d and both became prominent with nociceptive stimuli. There were significant increases in the numbers of c-fos (+), NADPH-d (+) and double-labeled cells in pain group comparison to sham group. In group 1, NADPH was significantly increased in the Laminae I-IV of the lumbar segments of the SC on both sides and laminae VIII, IX and X on the same side. Conclusion: The findings suggest that NO is associated with formalin-induced FOS-ir in the spinal cord, that it may play an important role in the regulation of pain and that the nociceptive function is related to increased nitric oxide synthase (+) neurons in the spinal cord.
The Simplest Meijer's G-Function G0,11,0 as the Radial Functions of the Hydrogen Atom
Authors: Pishkoo A.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this paper is to show that how the sub-family of Meijer's G-functions, G0,11,0, deduces all the radial states of the Hydrogen atom. By introducing two postulates and using operator method similar with the method used for the simple harmonic oscillator we obtain all the excited radial states of the Hydrogen atom from the ground state. It is just needed to use two properties of Meijer's G-functions.
Compare of Physical Structure and Content of Counselling between Consultation Services and Psychotherapy Government Agencies and the Private Sector in Kurdistan Province
Authors: Rahmani Sharmin , Goodarzi Mahmoud
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was compare the physical structure and content of counselling between consultation services and psychotherapy government agencies and the private sector in Kurdistan province. The research is descriptive and comparative. The study population included all psychotherapy and counseling centers in Kurdistan. therefor among the population of through available sampling a total of 16 centers selected and data were collected using a questionnaire quality services of Jafari with the reliability of 0.83 and a correlation coefficient of (Cronbach's alpha = 0.76). The results of analysis of independent T test showed that, between the physical structure consultation and psychotherapy government agencies and the private sector in Kurdistan province there is a significant difference but content of counselling and psychotherapy government agencies and the private sector in Kurdistan province there is no significant difference. This means that quality of physical structure was higher in private sector however in terms of content there is no difference between two centers.
Trends and patterns in total laparoscopic hysterectomy in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Ingole Sonali , Darawade Sameer
Published: May 2018

Background: Due to technical advances in the field of laparoscopy, there has been an increase in total laparoscopic hysterectomies all over the world in last decade. This study was conducted to analyse the technique and surgical outcome of total laparoscopic hysterectomy in tertiary care hospitalMethods: This is a retrospective cohort (observational) study, which included all patients who underwent Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy (TLH) for benign conditions from January 2012 to December 2017 at the tertiary Care Hospital. The data so obtained was analysed for various parameters like indication for surgery, mean operating time, length of hospital stay, complications and conversion to abdominal route.Results: Total number of 2307 hysterectomies were performed over a period of 5 years. Of these, TLH were 270 (11.70%). Amongst those undergoing TLH, the mean age was 45±7.84 years. The most common indication for the surgery was fibroid uterus (38.14%), followed by dysfunctional uterine bleeding (28.88%), and adenomyosis (15.1%). The mean estimated blood loss was 106±4.34 ml. Hemorrhage (n = 2) and bladder injury (n = 4) were most common surgical complications.Conclusions: TLH is safe and effective procedure for most of the benign pelvic conditions. With adequate training TLH can be used more widely in tertiary care hospital and teaching institute.
Comparative analysis of hysteroscopy versus suction evacuation in the management of retained product of conception
Authors: K. M. Harish , N. Shwetha , Debnath Dipankar
Published: May 2018

Background: RPOC can occur due to spontaneous or induced abortion followed by incomplete or partial expulsion of product of conception. Suction evacuation is currently the standard surgical treatment, but operative hysteroscopy has the advantage over Suction evacuation allowing the direct visualization of the retained conception product, facilitating its elective removal while limiting surgical complications.Methods: Comparative retrospective study of 80 patients who presented with RPOC during the period of 6 months. Hysteroscopy was done in 40 patients and Suction evacuation in remaining 40 patients. Data regarding anaesthesia required, mean time taken for procedure and post procedure hospital stay, complication due to the procedure and post-operative outcome were collected to compared,Results: In hysteroscopy group none of patients required anaesthesia and even though mean time taken for the procedure is 2 minutes more in hysteroscopy group without statistical significant difference (P 0.672), the post procedure hospital stay is less compared to suction evacuation group. Complication due to procedure was seen in 5 (12.5%) patients in hysteroscopy group which is less compared to 13 (32.5%) patients in suction evacuation group. Mean number of days of pain requiring analgesia and Sick leave applied was also less in hysteroscopy group (1 day and 2 days respectively) group compared to suction evacuation group (9 days and 7 days respectively)Conclusions: Lesser rates of intra and post-operative complications with hysteroscopy makes the procedure ‘safe’ to the patients and ‘effective’ as it ensures complete evacuation of the uterine cavity under direct vision and reduce the need for repeat procedure.
Comparison of maternal outcome in patients treated with methyldopa and labetalol in the management of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: K. M. Harish , N. Shwetha , Debnath Dipankar
Published: May 2018

Background: To compare the maternal outcome in patients treated with methyldopa and labetalol in the management of moderate to severe hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).Methods: The present study is Prospective parallel group comparative study on 200 out-patients and inpatients selected between January 2013 to December 2013 from OPD and antenatal ward of Obstetrics and Gynaecology department, of tertiary care teaching hospital, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. 100 patients each were distributed to methyldopa group and labetalol group respectively.Results: There was statistically significant reduction in the mean systolic BP + Standard deviation / Diastolic BP + Standard deviation and Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in Labetalol group (from 156.84 + 5.75/100.20 + 6.02 mmHg and 119.08 + 4.07 to 133.76 + 3.50/85.14 + 3.98 mmHg and 101.35 + 2.94) compared to Methyldopa group (from 156.00 + 6.581/100.96 + 6.896mmHg and 119.30 + 4.86 to 137.20 + 2.36/89.02 + 2.38mmHg and 105.08 + 1.78). Risk of adverse effects was less in Labetalol group (12%) but complication during pregnancy was more in Methyldopa group (51%). Number of spontaneous onset of labour and vaginal mode of delivery was more in Labetalol group.Conclusions: The present study shows that primiparity, residing in rural area, with low income group and overweight are at high risk of developing Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Labetalol is the better drug in controlling blood pressure with less adverse effects and maternal complication.
ESPAÇO E TEMPO NA AMAZÔNIA SETENTRIONAL: A GÊNESE DA FORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL DO ESTADO DE RORAIMA
Authors: Keury Almeida Galdino Lúcio , Vicente da Silva Edson , Gorayeb Adryane
Published: May 2018

A colonização portuguesa (séculos XV e XIX), marcou um período de conquistas e conflitos no território brasileiro, visava a exploração natural e humana. Atualmente, os estados da Amazônia vêm atraindo discussões, debates e produções científicas nos diversos campos acadêmicos, ao mesmo tempo em que se contextualizam questões sociais, culturais, territoriais e ambientais, objetivando entender o início da formação territorial de Roraima, baseando-se em informações bibliográficas, pesquisas de campo, registros/documentos historiográficos e fotos. Metodologicamente, usou-se recortes históricos sobre Rio Branco e da questão indígena. Os resultados remetem-se ao entendimento da formação do território e entender a sua atual organização social.
Bahserikowi - Centro de Medicina Indígena da Amazônia: concepções e práticas de saúde
Authors: Barreto João Paulo Lima
Published: May 2018

Pretende?se neste artigo refletir aspectos de conflitos ontológicos entre o modelo de conhecimento indígena e o modelo universal de conhecimento, a partir de uma experiencia desagradável, para não dizer discriminatória, vivenciada durante o ano de 2009. Por outro lado, este fato acabou por servir de embião para criação do Bahserikowi: Centro de Medicina Indígenas. A apresentação visa basicamente refletir como o imaginário construído pelas sociedades sobre o “índio”, sobretudo a classe médica, tem uma visão equivocada sobre conhecimentos e práticas indígenas. O modelo de conhecimento indígena considera que a doença e saúde não se restringem ao aspecto biológico. Antes, ao contrário, envolvem aspectos cosmopolíticos que condicionam a prática da boa saúde. Sai, assim, do entendimento restrito de algo biológico e conecta o indivíduo numa teia de relações com outros seres, com os waimahsã, com os animais, os especialistas, com seus parentes e outras pessoas.
Os espíritos apapayêi e as doenças entre os mehinako
Authors: Braida Roberta Garcia Anffe
Published: May 2018

Baseado em uma pesquisa etnográfica com os Mehinako, grupo aruaque do alto Xingu, o artigo se volta para os vínculos entre humanos e os espíritos apapayëi, com ênfase no adoecimento e os rituais que mobilizam. Pelo que pude aprender com meus interlocutores mehinako, a doença entre os humanos é produto de uma punição mítica que gera uma assimetria original entre aqueles que se tornaram apapayêi, e não possuem bens e recursos, e os humanos atuais, possuidores de objetos e alimentos. Os apapayêi tentam reverter a assimetria forçando uma reciprocidade com os humanos através das doenças e das subsequentes festas de cura, possibilitando a retribuição parcial da perda.
REVIEW - Norton Anthology, Judaism
Authors: Hezser Catharine
Published: May 2018

Review of Norton Anthology of World Religions, Judaism
Inhospitable Landscapes
Authors: Hawthorne Sîan Melvill
Published: May 2018

This paper examines Ursula King’s claim in her edited volume Religion and Gender (1995) that introducing feminist gender-critical approaches in the study of religions constitutes a paradigm shift for the field/discipline. I will sketch a broadly positive assessment of how this claim has been borne out, noting the important connection it advances between scholarly subjectivity and disciplinary identity, and drawing attention to the ways in which the working through of the paradigm shift has implied and instantiated a reconfiguration of disciplinary territory. The topological metaphors that underpin the feminist paradigm shift, as well as traditionally disciplinary terrain and transformation more generally, are helpful for examining how knowledge may be structured, taken apart, and remade, creating and remaking a certain kind of disciplinary citizen-subject on the model of the nation state that enables inclusion, but also exclusion. This latter point then leads to a more critical analysis that examines the function of feminist topologies in religious studies and outlining how the solitary focus on gender in the proposed paradigm shift marginalised race and postcolonial terrain, however much it challenged the androcentrism of religious studies. I will thus suggest that in staying true to the vision that King promotes through all of her work on 'religion and gender', the connection between scholarly and disciplinary identity she invokes, and the future she envisions, demands that the unfinished nature of the paradigm shift must be addressed such that an integrated/intersectional model of inclusion and complexity becomes the foundation for work going forward.
Mrs Pounds and Mrs Pfoundes
Authors: Bocking Brian
Published: May 2018

In this short essay written for Professor Ursula King’s Festschrift I reflect on the general problem of researching and recovering events and individuals previously ‘lost’ to historians of religions, taking as my example recent collaborative research into forgotten early Irish Buddhists. I consider also the problems of researching other traditionally under-represented figures, including many women; for example, the wife (Rosa Alice Hill) and mother (Caroline Pounds) of the Irish Buddhist Charles Pfoundes. In the second and rather more speculative part of the essay I look at some ways in which increasingly sophisticated and increasingly accessible technological developments, allied with growing ‘crowd’ participation in the provision and analysis of historical data, might in future enable us to discover far more than we currently can about events and individuals in the past.
Dynamics of Human Pressures on the Mont Péko National Park (West-Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Sidibe Ousmane , Henri Kouassi Kouadio , Armand Zadou Didie , Djaha Kouame , Traore Karidia
Published: May 2018

The Mont Péko national Park (MPNP) located to the West of Côte d'Ivoire underwent severe human pressure related to a succession of political and military crises from 2002 to 2011. Since 2013, the Ivoirians government is engaged in a process of rehabilitation of this park. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of human pressures from 1996 to 2018, in order to allow the manager of the park to better focus their awareness and protection activities. To achieve this, the RAPPAM method of WWF international was adopted for the collection of data. The study identified 10 types of pressures of which farm is the most severe followed by pressure on land, logging, bush fires, the establishment of settlements, poaching and pollution. The intensity of pressures on the MPNP doesn’t significantly vary depending on the areas, but this varies according to the socio-political gradient in time. The pressures have evolved gradually from 2002 to 2011 before beginning to decline progressively until 2018. Currently, except for uncontrolled bush fires, all pressures declined significantly, or even disappear for some. The existence of a variety of pressures on the MPNP to disturbing proportions is therefore related in part to the lack of monitoring during the crises. The anthropization of the MPNP found the springs of its acceleration in the existence of an armed gang who have organized, systematic exploitation of the resources.
Austenite-Bainite Transformation Kinetics in Austempered AISI 5160 Steel
Authors: Han Xue , Barber Gary , Zhang Zhenpu , Wang Bingxu , Zhu Jian , Shi Jing , Sun Xichen
Published: May 2018

This research investigates the process of the formation of bainite in austempered 5160 steel. Steel bar samples were austenitized at 1128 K for 20 minutes followed by holding at various times from 10 seconds to 2 hours and isothermal temperatures from 561K to 728K to obtain a multi-phase matrix. Micro-hardness analysis and metallurgical optical microscopy were used to analyze the experimental results. Hardness results indicated that at the 561K, 589K, and 566K isothermal temperatures for 5160 steel, lower bainite transformation occurred. However, from 644K to 728K, upper bainite transformation was found from the steel. The formation of the bainitic phase in SAE 5160 steel was characterized using thermodynamic and kinetic theories.
Depth and Seasonal Effects on the Settlement Density of Two Mussel Species (Perna Perna and Mytilus Galloprovincialis) in Offshore, Agadir (Morocco)
Authors: Halla Mohamed Id , Kassila Jawad , Chattou El Mustafa Ait , Ouaggajou Yassine , El Aamri Fatima , Benbani Abdelbasset , Nhhala Hassan
Published: May 2018

A study of spat settlement of two mussel species was carried out in Agadir area on the North Atlantic Coast, between Jan 2002 and Jan 2003. The preferred depth of settlement and settlement period of both species were monitored on collectors suspended in offshore at three different depths (1, 5, 10 m). For Perna perna, the effect of season on settlement was consistent, with relatively higher settlement both in spring (286-462 spats.m-1 ) and in summer (406-594 spats.m-1 ). Similar abundances of settlers were found at 1 m and 5 m depth whatever the season, which suggests a homogeneous distribution of settlers of P. perna in the first 5 m of the sea water. For Mytilus galloprovincialis, the settlement was less patchy in time in regard to P. perna (ρ<0.05). Thus, the settlement was continuous from spring to autumn until 10 m depth. The filamentous structures (laces in polypropylene) used in this study are often designed to enhance the amount of settlers, however, the settlement densities of both species were very low. Consequently, the results suggest that larval supply has been the limiting factor in the settlement success, but not the lack of suitable substrates. Moreover, the study area has poor spat falls and seems to be not suitable for collection of mussel spat.
Contamination Métallique D’une Espèce De Poisson (Brama Brama) De La Côte Dakaroise
Authors: Dione Cheikh Tidiane , Diagne Ibrahima , Ndiaye Momar , Diebakate Cheikhna , Ndiaye Birame , Diop Abdoulaye
Published: May 2018

Pollution of metal origin constitutes one of the major risks in the world today. The metal elements can be very dangerous to human health when they are present in the environment at high concentrations. Thus, the evaluation of the metal contamination in marine organisms, especially fish, makes it possible to predict a possible contamination of humans. This paper focuses on studying the metal contamination of the beach of Soumbédioune, located at the western frontage of the area of Dakar. This site, where fish products are offloaded, is the home to Canal IV (West Canal), which drains urban wastewater. In this study, we evaluated the concentrations of the metal elements (Fe, Zn 2+ , Cr 6+) in the bodies of Brama brama using a visible spectrophotometry UV. The results obtained show a strong concentration of chromium plates of 24,5 µg/g which is obtained at the level of the liver. Zinc presents a content of 16,7 µg/g at the level of the skin, but it was not detected at the level of the liver and the flesh. The maximum iron content was recorded at the level of the liver with a value of 77,5 µg/g. However, the values obtained were definitely higher than the standards established by FAO and the CEE.
Effect of Probiotic “L.Reuteri” Association on the Reduction of Serum Bilirubin in Neonatal Jaundice
Authors: Makhoul G. , Mardini J. , Ojaimi M. Al , AbiFares G. , Hanna P. , Alameddine A. , Feghali H. , Makhoul P. , Saaybi J. , Nicolas G. , Sakka J. , Khalife M. C. Fadous
Published: May 2018

Objective: Evaluate the effect of probiotics association in reducing the total bilirubin level in the serum of neonates with jaundice. Methods: 69 neonates with indirect hyperbilirubinemia were divided randomly into two groups: control and treatment. The control group was treated using phototherapy and the treatment group was treated using phototherapy plus L.Reuteri probiotic. Inclusion criteria: all term newborns admitted for phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Exclusion criteria: septic or ill newborn, phenobarbital therapy, transfusion and parents ‘refusal to enter the study. Baseline bilirubin level was obtained prior to initiating phototherapy and then daily for an average of 3 days. Results: Before treatment, the level of bilirubin was similar in the two groups (p>0.05). We noted a more significant difference in bilirubin at day 1 (p=0.000), day 2 (=0.000) and day 3 (p=0.000) during treatment in the probiotic group when compared to the control group. We also noticed a more significant decrease in bilirubin between day 1 and day 2 (p=0.000) and between day 2 and day 3 (p=0.000) in the probiotic group when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The decrease of bilirubin in neonates with jaundice is more rapid and more significant in the group receiving probiotics as an adjuvant to phototherapy in case of presence of incompatibility or not.
Para leer a Shoven y Whalley: otra introducción práctica al modelamiento aplicado de equilibrio general económico
Authors: Segura Ortiz Juan Carlos
Published: May 2018

El objetivo del artículo “Applied General-Equilibrium Models of Taxation and International Trade: An Introduction and Survey” (Shoven & Whalley,1984) es mostrar cómo el esquema walrasiano de equilibrio general puede convertirse en un poderoso instrumento para el análisis de política mediante la parametrización y especificación de un modelo teórico de equilibrio económico, y su posterior solución bajo escenarios contrafactuales. A pesar de que los autores proporcionan un ejemplo numérico detallado y ofrecen una guía para el desarrollo de un proyecto de equilibrio general computable, que hoy constituye la referencia estándar, el acceso a las técnicas descritas sigue siendo dificultoso, aun en un medio como el actual, en el que se dispone de recursos cuya utilización en el tiempo de publicación del artículo de referencia, estaba mediada por altísimos costos. La barrera de entrada está constituida por la dificultad del aprendiz para hacer compatibles sus conocimientos teóricos con la práctica empírica de la formulación y solución numérica. Este artículo contribuye a sobrellevar estos inconvenientes asociados, replicando el modelo numérico en Shoven y Whalley como la búsqueda de la solución numérica del sistema de ecuaciones de exceso de demanda. Se ofrece un modelo computable escrito en GAMS, que puede ser modificado y adaptado para la posterior extensión del esquema básico.
Pobreza y desigualdad en América Latina: ¿un problema de reformas institucionales?
Authors: Usaquén Chía Martha Inés
Published: May 2018

Una mirada a Latinoamérica desde sus indicadores económicos, políticos y sociales, nos muestra una región a la que le son comunes los problemas de pobreza, exclusión, inequidad, déficit fiscal, inflación, desempleo, concentración de ingresos, entre otros. Estas economías han aplicado reformas estructurales similares y han generado todo tipo de cambios en sus instituciones; sin embargo, persisten las dificultades, sobre todo las relacionadas con la pobreza y la desigualdad. La ineficiencia en la aplicación de tales políticas y la diversidad de resultados obtenidos, es entendida, principalmente, porque se están considerando instituciones, formas de organización y culturas diversas. Aun así, se puede asegurar que la mayor parte de las economías de América Latina han visto reducir su crecimiento económico, así como incrementado sus niveles de inflación, de desempleo, y, en muchos casos, de pobreza y exclusión social, además, porque la región no es ajena a la desaceleración de la economía mundial. Sin embargo, si tantas reformas buscan favorecer al grupo poblacional con menores oportunidades, es pertinente peguntarse: ¿por qué persisten tales desigualdades? ¿Es posible que no se estén aplicando los cambios requeridos? ¿Es un problema de sus instituciones? ¿De aplicación de la política? O, ¿es un problema de quienes ejecutan dicha política? Al parecer, tales reformas no corresponden a las verdaderas necesidades de la región, sino a la aplicación de lineamientos y modelos internacionales que en muchos casos no han funcionado ni siquiera en las economías con indicadores sociales más favorables.
Incidencia del sector financiero en el conflicto económico: la formación bruta de capital en Colombia y el prime rate
Authors: Penagos Rozo Marco Leonardo
Published: May 2018

El documento discute la incidencia reciente que tiene la tasa de interés norteamericana (Prime Rate) en la formación bruta de capital en Colombia. Se desarrolla con base en el modelo Solow-Swan ampliado que fuera presentado inicialmente por Mankiw, Romer y Weil en 1992, y seguido en el mismo año de una versión de Mankiw, Romer y Sala-i-Martin en la cual incorporan las economías abiertas. El soporte teórico está sustentado en Adam Smith, quien da importancia a la seguridad en las naciones que usan el capital; David Ricardo, quien presenta las maneras de la acumulación del capital; Karl Marx, quien interpreta el estímulo a la inversión a partir de la tasa de ganancia y de la tasa de interés; Joseph A. Schumpeter, quien ve en el capital un activo inmediato convertible en dinero; y los keynesianos como Harrod, quienes no consideran la intensidad en la utilización de capital como respuesta al descenso en la tasa de interés, en tanto Keynes sí la considera. El ejercicio conduce al cálculo en el que se define el coeficiente de participación del capital y su depreciación, con el fin de mostrar la relación entre la formación bruta de capital en Colombia y el Prime Rate, y su impacto en la economía.
Evaluación del impacto de la agricultura de conservación en la reconversión agropecuaria sustentable de la región centro-andina colombiana
Authors: Sáenz Torres Santiago Manuel , Helfgott Lerner Salomón
Published: May 2018

Innovaciones sustentables, como la agricultura de conservación para la reconversión agropecuaria en la región centro-andina de Colombia, han tenido relativo éxito en ciertas áreas en las dos últimas décadas, pero la persistente degradación de los suelos y la indetenible destrucción de los páramos, obliga a plantear nuevas estrategias basadas en la investigación, para la mejor difusión de esta innovación. Se efectuó una evaluación de los principales impactos positivos que un importante grupo de técnicos y líderes de la innovación han percibido en el desarrollo del “Proyecto Checua”, conducido por la Corporación Autónoma de Cundinamarca en el altiplano cundiboyacense. Los resultados caracterizan a un grupo casi homogéneo de innovadores, poseedores de amplia experiencia y dispuestos a colaborar en la difusión de la agricultura de conservación. Se encontraron una serie de oportunidades favorables que de conducirlas hacia un correcto proceso de gestión de la innovación, con participación política y la articulación de los diversos actores, permitirían una rápida multiplicación de la innovación a mediano plazo, para asegurar una importante área para la reconversión sustentable de los agroecosistemas andinos
An Investigation on Virtual Information Modeling Acceptance Based on Project Management Knowledge Areas
Authors: Didehvar Nasim , Teymourifard Mohammadnabi , Mojtahedi Mohammad , Sepasgozar Samad
Published: May 2018

In the contemporary construction management, poor project performance, cost overrun, and low-quality construction have become a central point of attention for improving project performance including information, interaction and communication management. virtual design and construction and building information modelling play indispensable role in improving the project performance. The aim of this study is to propose a Virtual Information Modeling as a novel information and communication technology method with potential to overcome problems in the construction industry. Using one-sample t test with Kolmogorov-Smirnov approach, we analysed data collected from structured questionnaire survey involving project managers working at architecture, engineering and construction industries in Tehran, Iran. The results suggest that the most important benefits and challenges of using Virtual Information Modeling are related to the area of integration, and implementation of Virtual Information Modeling has the greatest impact on this area of project management knowledge. Thus, integration should be considered a top priority for construction companies implementing Virtual Information Modeling in their projects. Policymakers should understand that careful management of virtual information is essential for improving the performance of projects and enhancing the process efficiency.
Probabilistic Inference for Dynamical Systems
Authors: Davis Sergio , González Diego , Gutiérrez Gonzalo
Published: May 2018

A general framework for inference in dynamical systems is described, based on the language of Bayesian probability theory and making use of the maximum entropy principle. Taking as fundamental the concept of a path, the continuity equation and Cauchy's equation for fluid dynamics arise naturally, while the specific information about the system can be included using the Maximum Caliber (or maximum path entropy) principle.