bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dependence of the Type Ia Supernova Host Bias on Observation or Fitting Technique
Authors: Hand Jared , Liu Shu , Galbany Lluís , Perrefort Daniel , Wood-Vasey W. M. , Burns Chris
Published: February 2022

More luminous Type Ia supernovae prefer less massive hosts and regions of higher star formation. This correlation is inverted during width–color–luminosity light-curve standardization resulting in step-like biases of distance measurements with respect to host properties. Using the PMAS/PPak Integral-field Supernovahosts COmpilation (PISCO) supernova host sample and Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Galaxy Evolution Explorer, and Two Micron All Sky Survey photometry, we compare host stellar mass and specific star-formation rate (sSFR) from different observation methods, including local versus global, and fitting techniques to measure their impact on the host step biases. Mass-step measurements for all our mass samples are consistent within a 1σ significance from −0.03 ± 0.02 mag to −0.04 ± 0.02 mag. Including or excluding UV information had no effect on measured mass-step size or location. sSFR step sizes are more significant than mass-step measurements and varied from 0.05 ± 0.03 mag (Hα) and 0.06 ± 0.02 mag (UV) for a 51 host sample. The sSFR step location is influenced by the mass sample used to normalize star formation and by sSFR tracer choice. The step size is reduced to 0.04 ± 0.03 mag when using all available 73 hosts with Hα measurements. This 73 PISCO host subsample overall lacked a clear step signal, but here we are searching for whether different choices of mass or sSFR estimation can create a step signal. We find no evidence that different observation or fitting techniques choices can create a distance measurement step in either mass or sSFR.
Magnetic Energy Conversion in Magnetohydrodynamics: Curvature Relaxation and Perpendicular Expansion of Magnetic Fields
Authors: Du Senbei , Li Hui , Fu Xiangrong , Gan Zhaoming , Li Shengtai
Published: February 2022

The mechanisms and pathways of magnetic energy conversion are an important subject for many laboratory, space, and astrophysical systems. Here, we present a perspective on magnetic energy conversion in magnetohydrodynamics through magnetic field curvature relaxation (CR) and perpendicular expansion (PE) due to magnetic pressure gradients, and quantify their relative importance in two representative cases, namely 3D magnetic reconnection and 3D kink-driven instability in an astrophysical jet. We find that the CR and PE processes have different temporal and spatial evolutions in these systems. The relative importance of the two processes tends to reverse as the system enters the nonlinear stage from the instability growth stage. Overall, the two processes make comparable contributions to magnetic energy conversion, with the PE process somewhat stronger than the CR process. We further explore how these energy conversion terms can be related to particle energization in these systems.
The Pulsar Gamma-Ray Emission from High-resolution Dissipative Magnetospheres
Authors: Cao Gang , Yang Xiongbang
Published: February 2022

The pulsar light curves and energy spectra in dissipative pulsar magnetospheres are explored with Aristotelian electrodynamics (AE), where particle acceleration is fully balanced with the radiation reaction. AE magnetospheres with nonzero pair multiplicity are computed using a pseudo-spectral method in the co-moving frame. The dissipative region near the current sheet outside the light cylinder is accurately captured by a high-resolution simulation. The pulsar light curves and spectra are computed using the test particle trajectory method, including the influence of both the consistent accelerating electric field and radiation reaction. Our results can generally reproduce the double-peak light curves and the GeV cutoff energy spectra in agreement with the Fermi observations for the pair multiplicity κ ≳ 1.
Dynamical Tidal Love Numbers of Rapidly Rotating Planets and Stars
Authors: Dewberry Janosz W. , Lai Dong
Published: February 2022

Tidal interactions play an important role in many astrophysical systems, but uncertainties regarding the tides of rapidly rotating, centrifugally distorted stars and gaseous planets remain. We have developed a precise method for computing the dynamical, nondissipative tidal response of rotating planets and stars, based on summation over contributions from normal modes driven by the tidal potential. We calculate the normal modes of isentropic polytropes rotating at up to ≃90% of their critical breakup rotation rates, and tabulate fits to mode frequencies and tidal overlap coefficients that can be used to compute the frequency-dependent, nondissipative tidal response (via potential Love numbers k

ℓm
). Although fundamental modes (f-modes) possess dominant tidal overlap coefficients at (nearly) all rotation rates, we find that the strong coupling of retrograde inertial modes (i-modes) to tesseral (ℓ > ∣m∣) components of the tidal potential produces resonances that may be relevant to gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn. The coupling of f-modes in rapid rotators to multiple components of both the driving tidal potential and the induced gravitational field also affect the tesseral response, leading to significant deviations from treatments of rotation that neglect centrifugal distortion and high-order corrections. For very rapid rotation rates (≳70% of breakup), mixing between prograde f-modes and i-modes significantly enhances the sectoral (ℓ = ∣m∣) tidal overlap of the latter. The tidal response of very rapidly rotating, centrifugally distorted planets or stars can also be modified by resonant sectoral f-modes that are secularly unstable via the Chandrasekhar–Friedman–Schutz mechanism.
Deep Upper Limit on the Optical Emission during a Hard X-Ray Burst from the Magnetar SGR J1935+2154
Authors: Zampieri Luca , Mereghetti Sandro , Turolla Roberto , Naletto Giampiero , Ochner Paolo , Burtovoi Aleksandr , Fiori Michele , Guidorzi Cristiano , Nicastro Luciano , Palazzi Eliana , Pilia Maura , Possenti Andrea
Published: February 2022

In 2021 September the magnetar SGR J1935+2154 entered a stage of burst/flaring activity in the hard X-ray band. On 2021 September 10, we observed SGR J1935+2154 with the fiber-fed fast optical photon counter IFI+Iqueye, mounted at the 1.22 m Galileo telescope in Asiago. During one of the IFI+Iqueye observing windows, a hard X-ray burst was detected with the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. We performed a search for any significant increase in the count rate on the 1 s, 10 ms, and 1 ms binned IFI+Iqueye light curves around the time of the Fermi burst. No significant peak was detected with a significance above 3σ in an interval of ±90 s around the burst. Correcting for interstellar extinction (A

V
≃ 5.8 mag), the IFI+Iqueye upper limits to any possible optical burst from SGR J1935+2154 are V = 10.1 mag, V = 7.2 mag, and V = 5.8 mag for the 1 s, 10 ms, and 1 ms binned light curves, respectively. The corresponding extinction-corrected upper limits to the fluence (specific fluence) are 3.1 × 10−10 erg cm−2 (0.35 Jy s), 4.2 × 10−11 erg cm−2 (4.8 Jy ·10 ms), and 1.6 × 10−11 erg cm−2 (17.9 Jy ms), orders of magnitude deeper than any previous simultaneous optical limit on a magnetar burst. The IFI+Iqueye measurement can also place a more stringent constraint on the spectral index of the optical to hard X-ray fluence of SGR J1935+2154, implying a spectrum steeper than ν
0.64. Fast optical timing observations of bursts associated with radio emission then have the potential to yield a detection.
Half a billion eyes on the ground: citizen science contributes to research, policy and management of biological invasions in Europe
Authors: Price-Jones Veronica , Brown Peter , Adriaens Tim , Tricarico Elena , Farrow Rachel A , Cardoso Ana-Cristina , Gervasini Eugenio , Groom Quentin , Reyserhove Lien , Schade Sven , Tsinaraki Chrisa , Marchante Elizabete
Published: February 2022

Invasive alien species (IAS) are a key driver of global biodiversity loss. Reducing their spread and impact is a target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG target 15.8) and of the EU IAS Regulation 1143/2014. The use of citizen science offers various benefits to alien species (AS) decision making and to society, since public participation in research and management boosts awareness, engagement and scientific literacy and can reduce conflict in IAS management. We report the results of a survey on AS citizen science initiatives within the framework of European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action Alien-CSI. We gathered metadata on 103 initiatives across 41 countries, excluding general biodiversity reporting portals, spanning from 2005 to 2020, offering the most comprehensive account of AS citizen science initiatives on the continent to date. We retrieved information on project scope, policy relevance, engagement methods, data capture, data quality and data management, methods and technologies applied and performance indicators such as the number of records coming from projects, the numbers of participants and publications. The 103 initiatives were unevenly distributed geographically, with countries with a tradition of CS showing more active projects. The majority of projects were contributory and were run at a national scale, targeting the general public, alien plants and insects, and terrestrial ecosystems. Most projects focused on collecting species presence or abundance data, aiming to map presence and spread. As 75% of the initiatives specifically collected data on IAS of Union Concern, citizen science in Europe is of high policy relevance. Despite this, only half of the projects indicated sustainable funding. Nearly all projects had validation in place to verify species identifications. Strikingly, only about one third of the projects shared their data to open data repositories such as the Global Biodiversity Information facility or the European Alien Species Information Network. Moreover, many did not adhere to the principles of FAIR data management. Based on this dataset, we offer suggestions to strengthen the network of IAS citizen science projects and to foster knowledge exchange among citizens, scientists, managers, policy-makers, local authorities, and other stakeholders.
General guidance for custom-built structural equation models
Authors: Grace James
Published: February 2022

Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) represents a quantitative methodology for specifying and evaluating causal network hypotheses. The application of SEM typically involves the use of specialised software packages that implement estimation procedures and automate model checking and the output of summary results. There are times when the specification details an investigator wishes to implement to represent their data relationships are not supported by available SEM packages. In such cases, it may be desirable to develop and evaluate SE models “by hand”, using specialised regression tools. In this paper, I demonstrate a general approach to custom-built applications of SEM. The approach illustrated can be used for a wide array of specialised applications of non-linear, multi-level and other custom specifications in SE models.
Approaches of production planning and control under industry 4.0: A literature review
Authors: Herrmann Jan-Phillip , Tackenberg Sven , Padoano Elio , Gamber Thilo
Published: February 2022

Purpose: Industry 4.0 technologies influence how production is planned, scheduled, and controlled. In literature, different classifications of the tasks and functions of production planning and control (PPC) exist, of which one is the German Aachen PPC model. This research aims to identify and classify current Industry 4.0 approaches for planning and controlling production processes and to reveal researched and unexplored areas of the model.Design/methodology/approach: In an exploratory literature review, we review and classify 48 publications on a full-text basis with the Aachen PPC model's tasks and functions. Two cluster analyses reveal researched and unexplored tasks and functions of the Aachen PPC model. Additionally, we give a summary of each reviewed publication.Findings: We propose a cyber-physical PPC architecture, which incorporates current Industry 4.0 technologies, current optimization methods, optimization objectives, and disturbances relevant for realizing a PPC system in a smart factory. Current approaches focus on the in-house PPC, particularly on the control using real-time information from the shop floor. We propose future research directions for the unexplored tasks and functions of the Aachen PPC model.Research limitations/implications: The selection of search terms and the texts' interpretation is based on an individual assessment. The revelation of unexplored tasks and functions of the Aachen PPC model might have a different outcome if the search term combination is parameterized differently.Originality/value: Using the Aachen PPC model, which holistically models PPC, the findings give comprehensive insights into the current advances of tools, methods, and challenges relevant to planning and controlling production processes under Industry 4.0.
From Nursing Assistant to Nurse: Scoping Review of Transitional Career Opportunities
Authors: Trotter Stephanie
Published: February 2022

Nursing assistants (NAs) are an integral component of the older adult nursing care team. Although NAs provide the majority of hands-on care, they often experience disproportionate personal and professional challenges related to their roles and responsibilities. Likewise, NAs may have minimal opportunity to transition into a nursing career. The purpose of the current scoping review was to identify and examine nursing career transition pathways designed for NAs. A scoping review of the literature revealed nine career transition programs designed for this unique sector of the nursing workforce. Although NAs may express a desire to transition into a nursing career, sparse programs have been implemented. Effective NA-to-nurse career transition programs may help improve NAs' personal and professional outcomes, older adults' care outcomes, and ultimately, improve diversity in the nursing workforce. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 48
(2), 36–42.]
Cloud-Assisted Image Double Protection System With Encryption and Data Hiding Based on Compressive Sensing
Authors: Xiao Di , Liang Jia , Xiang Yanping , Zhou Jiaqi
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we propose a compressive sensing(CS)-based scheme that combines encryption and data hiding to provide double protection to the image data in the cloud outsourcing. Different domain techniques are integrated for efficiency and security. After the data holder gets the sample of the raw data, he embeds watermark into sample and encrypts it, and then sends the protected sample to cloud for storage and recovery. Cloud cannot get any information about either the original data or watermark in the CS recovery process. Finally, users can extract the watermark and decrypt the data recovered by cloud directly in sparse domain. At the same time, after extracting the watermark, the image data of user will be closer to the original data compared with the data without extraction. Besides, the counter (CTR) mode is introduced to generate the measurement matrix of CS, which can improve security while avoiding the storage of measurement matrixes. The experimental results demonstrate that the scheme can provide both privacy protection and copyright protection with high efficiency.
A Robust Multi-Critia Decision-Making Procedure for Outsourcing Decisions in Reverse Logistics
Authors: Temur Gül Tekin , Bolat Bersam
Published: February 2022

Product return processes are managed by Reverse Logistics (RL) which is a systematic way of putting recovery activities into action successfully. One of the research topics in the RL field is “outsourcing” that has a strategic role in achievement of profitability and compatibility. It mainly includes three decisions: (1) make all operations by the firm itself, (2) all reverse logistics operations are outsourced by the firm, and (3) operations are partially outsourced. This paper proposes a multi phased new approach that combines cloud based design optimization (CBDO) with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in order to select the best outsourcing alternative under uncertainties. As a novel approach, CBDO is good at dealing with high uncertainty, in computationally satisfactory way. Because the perceptions and ideas of managers can change across time, traditional multi criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques such as AHP is strengthened by a robust technique such as CBDO in our study. In order to verify the performance of the proposed model, an illustrative study is conducted.
Linking Service Innovation to Organisational Performance
Authors: Ibrahim Masud , Yusheng Kong , Adam Diyawu Rahman
Published: February 2022

Banks are leveraging on innovation to address the major concerns of their employees including improvements in service delivery, operational efficiency, and enhancing the speed of transactions. The purpose for this study was to explore the mediating role of job performance and job satisfaction in the relationship between service innovation and organisational performance. Data for the study was obtained from 250 bank employees in Ghana through structured questionnaire. The PLS-SEM was the main analytical tool used to analyse the research findings. Findings from this study revealed a positive and significant relationship between service innovation and organizational performance. Additionally, the study revealed that employee job satisfaction and productivity positively influence organisational performance. The study further revealed a mediation possibility for job satisfaction and employee productivity in the relationship between service innovation and organisational performance. The implications as well as the theoretical contributions of this study are discussed.
Does Islamic Marketing Mix Affect Consumer Satisfaction?
Authors: Mathew Viju
Published: February 2022

Customer and customer satisfaction is considered to be the core for success. Targeting the growing Islamic customer population has given the opportunity to tap demand based on Islamic values. Apart from the standard marketing mix, the Islamic marketing mix (IMM) varies in its purpose, application and acceptance among the customer. The objective of the paper is to identify the effect of ten IMM elements on customer satisfaction. This paper includes establishments of the relationship between IMM components with customer satisfaction variables. The finding of the study will reveal that IMM elements have a significant relationship with customer satisfaction with reference to consumer products in Islamic countries. The result will be applicable for designing strategies in industries related to manufacturing, packaging, supply-chain management, tourism and hospitality, advertising etc. to focus on improving customer satisfaction. This study offers a comprehensive view of the fast-growing concept of Islamic marketing and its relation to customer satisfaction.
A Systematic Review of the Adoption of Blockchain for Supply Chain Processes
Authors: Buthelezi Bongisizwe Erasmus , Ndayizigamiye Patrick , Twinomurinzi Hossana , Dube Shopee M.
Published: February 2022

This paper systematically reviews the literature on the adoption of Blockchain technology in Supply Chain Management (SCM) processes. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) methodology, 53 peer-reviewed research publications from five different databases (IEEE Xplore, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and EBSCOhost) were selected and analyzed using a classification coding framework. The findings reveal that Agri-food traceability, Blockchain security, smart contracts, and the Internet of Things (IoT) were the significant identified current trends in the use of Blockchain in SCM processes. The key identified challenges include high costs of transactions and a lack of trust between stakeholders. Identified solutions were Blockchain traceability systems and the use of smart contracts and IoTs. In addition, this paper identified gaps in the literature that need to be addressed in future studies.
Distraction Osteogenesis in a Tessier 6 Cleft After Fronto-Orbito-Zygomatic Osteotomy - A Case Report
Authors: Bütow Kurt-Wilhelm , Eroğlu Çağla , Zwahlen Roger Arthur
Published: February 2022

The Rationale:

Craniofacial clefts are rare malformations. According to their localization, 15 types are classified.

Patient Concerns:

They referred to impaired eyelid function, lateral protection of the eye-bulb, and aesthetic appearance.

Diagnosis:

A three-dimensional-computerized tomography scan and a stereolithographic model led to the diagnosis of a rare intraorbital Tessier 6 cleft.

Treatment:

A newly designed lateral orbital rim osteotomy, presurgically simulated on a stereolithographic model, was performed to forward position the lateral orbital rims bilaterally by osteodistraction.

Outcomes:

Both lateral orbital rims were distracted anteriorly for around 12 mm over a period of 9 weeks, without any side effects to the patient.

Take-away Lessons:

In this intraorbital Tessier 6 cleft, an improved eyelid function with better lateral protection of the eye bulb and more favorable aesthetic appearance was achieved with this novel lateral orbital rim osteotomy.
The Impact of Diabetes, Smoking, and Periodontitis on Patients’ Oral Health related Quality of Life after Treatment with Corticobasal Implants - An Evaluative Study
Authors: Lazarov Aleksandar Bogdanov
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Diabetes, smoking, and periodontitis are considered risk factors for the survival of conventional dental implants; however, research about their impact on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients treated with corticobasal implants is lacking.

Materials and Methods:

Two hundred twenty-seven adult patients completed a postoperative OHRQoL questionnaire. Aspects of their oral health were examined in relation to periodontitis, diabetes, smoking, and against a control group with none of the conditions. A subgroup of 118 patients with pre- and postoperative OHRQoL data were studied for changes in their OHRQoL. The impact of the risk factors on the patients’ posttreatment OHRQoL was examined through multiple regression analysis. The paired data were analyzed through Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:

The satisfaction with the treatment was high and robust irrespective of periodontitis, diabetes, smoking, or more than one factors, P > 0.05 for all tests. The smokers’ satisfaction was significantly higher than the nonsmokers, P = 0.003. The majority of the patients experienced a steady reduction in frequency to the full absence of oral health problems (P < 0.001 for all tests). The patients with periodontitis reported a significantly higher reduction in limitations related to food choice, P = 0.026. Posttreatment complications were few, mainly in the first postoperative year.

Discussion:

Our results provide reassurance to patients with periodontitis, diabetes, and smokers that corticobasal implants are an effective treatment option with the same benefits for their oral health quality of life as for patients without these risk factors.
Management of a Late Presentation of Bear Mauling with a Complex Maxillofacial Defect in a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Case Report
Authors: Mishra Jiten Kumar , De Moumita , Sahu Shamendra Anand , Arora Ripu Daman , Raghani Manish J , Nagarkar Nitin M.
Published: February 2022

Rationale:

Bear mauling is the most common wild animal-inflicted injury in India. Ideally, these injuries should be managed early with fracture fixation, wound debridement, and appropriate coverage. Delay may lead to devascularization and a more severe deformity, which needs complex and multi-staged procedures for optimal outcome.

Patient Concerns:

Facial deformity in bear mauling is upsetting to the patient. Apart from facial aesthetics, the victim has difficulties in speech, eating, and respiration when the midface is involved.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

Patients require proper assessment of the soft tissue and bony defects by clinical assessment and imaging before planning any reconstruction.

Outcome:

The complex defect was managed in stages by both microsurgical and nonmicrosurgical methods including debridement, fracture fixation, local flaps, free flap, and prosthesis.

Take-away Lessons:

Systematic approach in categorizing each component of the problem, finding the best possible solution for each of them, and inter-departmental collaboration are important.
The Use of Screw Retained Hybrid Arch Bar for Maxillomandibular Fixation in the Treatment of Mandibular Fractures
Authors: Hamid Saif T. , Bede Salwan Y.
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

The use of screw-retained hybrid arch bars (HABs) is a relatively recent development in the treatment of mandibular fractures. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcome between HAB and the conventional Erich arch bar (EAB) in the closed treatment of mandibular fractures.

Materials and Methods:

This study included 18 patients who were treated for mandibular fractures with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF), patients were randomly assigned into a control group (n = 10) in which EAB was used and study group (n = 8) in which HAB was used. The outcome variables were time required for application and removal, gingival inflammation scores, postoperative complications, and incidence of wire-stick injury or gloves perforation. The groups were compared using unpaired t-test, Mann–Whitney test, Chi-square test, or Fisher test. The differences were considered significant at P < 0.05.

Results:

The mean application time was significantly more in EAB than HAB (61.6 ± 11.4 vs. 41.6 ± 6 min, respectively). The mean time of removal for EAB was significantly less than HAB (11.1 ± 2 vs. 14.2 ± 3 min, respectively). There was nonsignificant difference in gingival inflammation between the groups. No major complications were recorded. Screw loosening and mucosal overgrowth were recorded in 12.5% and 31.2% of the screws, respectively, in HAB group. The incidence of gloves tear in EAB group was 70%.

Discussion:

HAB can be used as an alternative to EAB for MMF in patients with mandibular fracture, it requires less time for application and provides more safety for the surgeons.
Solitary Extraosseous Neurofibroma in a 5-Year-Old Child - A Case Report
Authors: Emodi Omri , Krasovsky Andrei , Abdalla-Aslan Ragda , Akrish Sharon , Ginini Jiriys George , Ohayon Chaim , Rachmiel Adi
Published: February 2022

Rationale:

Neurofibroma (NF) is the most common benign peripheral nerve sheath tumour that most often occurs as a solitary tumour. A clinical and imaging diagnosis may be challenging since no distinctive features are unique for this lesion. Solitary NFs are treated by complete resection that may sometimes require a nerve sacrifice, ending with a neurological deficit.

Patient Concerns:

A 5-year-old girl with mild asymptomatic slow-growing swelling in the vestibulum of her right mandible.

Diagnosis:

A solitary variant of extraosseous NF involving the right mental branch of the inferior alveolar nerve.

Treatment:

Surgical removal of the lesion while fully preserving the mental branch.

Outcomes:

No sensory deficit was identified during a 3-month follow-up.

Take-Away Lessons:

Ultrasonography is a valuable tool for evaluating soft-tissue masses of the oral cavity. A solitary extraosseous NF involving the mental branch can be surgically removed without nerve deficit.
Emerging responsibilities of the anaesthesiologist in competency-based undergraduate medical education
Authors: Kotur Premanath F , Kurdi Madhuri S , Sengupta Saikat , Akilandeshwari M , Panditrao Minnu , S Kiran
Published: February 2022

The competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum for undergraduate medical education recently rolled out by the regulating body gives the much-needed importance to the subject of Anaesthesiology, which in the earlier traditional curriculum was unappreciated. The contributions of the Anaesthesiology faculty to the new curriculum include the conduct of basic life support sessions in the foundation course followed by the teaching of 46 stand-alone, subject-specific topics and 17 integrated topics in the next 54 months. The anaesthesiologists will play a vital role in sensitising the 1st-year students to the hospital environment during early clinical exposure sessions by facilitating their visits to operation theatres and critical care areas. Anaesthesiologists are the leaders in the establishment and maintenance of the skill laboratories and in imparting simulation-based training for teaching crisis management, patient management in pandemics and lifesaving skills; nevertheless, there is a definite scope for further enhancement of the anaesthesiologist's role in the CBME.
Prevalence and determinants of latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare personnel in India
Authors: Vaman Raman Swathy , Valamparampil Mathew J. , Nair Sanjeev
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Health personnel in high-burden countries are at a greater risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection, due to continuous exposure to diagnosed and undiagnosed pulmonary TB cases. A scoping review is done to ascertain the prevalence and risk factors for latent TB infection (LTBI) among India's healthcare personnel.

Materials and Methods:

A review of literature was done from Medline, CINAHL, Global Health and PubMed. Full-text review of 30 articles was done, and three were found to be eligible for final analysis.

Results:

The prevalence of LTBI was found to range from a quarter to one-third of the study participants. Available evidence has revealed the role of increased time being spent in the healthcare profession as an essential risk factor for the development of LTBI. The study participants were of younger age in all studies. There was a lack of representation of different categories of health workers.

Discussion:

Higher prevalence in younger participants poses significant threats to the well-being of healthcare professionals. The absence of proper guidelines for treating LTBI in high-prevalent settings and the lack of awareness among healthcare professionals regarding LTBI are significant challenges for preventing TB infection among healthcare professionals.
Tinospora cordifolia
Authors: Malla Santoshi , Bista Lal
Published: February 2022

Medicinal plants are of great importance since the beginning of human civilizations. Popularity of medicinal plants is increasing year by year in plant-based medicines, health products, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food supplements, etc., due to its well-known properties along with its no side effects as compared to drugs. Tinospora cordifolia is commonly known as “Guduchi,” “Gurjo,” heart-leaved moonseed,” or giloy. A chemical constituent present in various parts of T. cordifolia, their medicinal importance has risen up its popularity. Recently from the period of COVID-19 pandemics, it is widely used to boost up immunity to fight against the coronavirus. This miracle plant is a shrub of vast Ayurvedic importance and is widely used in clinical research. This article had compiled diverse information regarding the identifications, chemical components present, pharmacological as well as Ayurvedic importance of T. cordifolia with a focus of it on recent occurred COVID pandemic as well.
Somatic Cell Count
Authors: Poudel Shankar Prasad , Acharya Reecha , Chetri Dipesh Kumar
Published: February 2022

Mastitis, result of intramammary infections, exhibits serious economic problem in dairy sector due to the loss in milk yield and quality. Clinical and subclinical occurrence are common where subclinical cases are asymptomatic and need additional diagnostic tools for identification. Somatic cell counts (SCCs) in raw milk are an indicator for intramammary Intra-mammary infections (IMI) infections and thus helpful in subclinical mastitis forecasting. Somatic cells of 100,000 cells per ml are regarded as normal for uninfected milk and elevation above 200,000 cells per ml suspects IMI in cattle. The Somatic cell count (SCC) can be estimated with direct microscopic method or by flow cytometry. The major concerns of higher SCC are due to the hazardous effect on milk yield, milk quality, products processing, and pathogens that may have zoonotic importance. Good hygienic practices in shed and supplementations in rations can lower SCC and reduction of IMI. The regular monitoring of SCC is the pathway for early prediction of subclinical cases and assessing udder health management techniques for beneficent dairy business.
Organizational Archetypes in Public Procurement
Authors: Jovanovic Predrag , Delibašić Boris , Čudanov Mladen
Published: February 2022

The paper analyses a situation where the efficient public procurement legislative framework formally exists, but in practice, the process does not work as planned. The data were gathered from one hundred contracting authorities in the Republic of Serbia, based on a nationwide survey conducted on public procurement officers (PPOs) and end-users (ENUs) in all contracting authorities. We propose a model for measuring organisational discrepancies and classifying public procurement processes (PPP) into one of four organisational patterns, based on organisational decision-making authority and focused on goals and principles. The Mann-Whitney U (MWU) test was used to test the independent responses from two hundred PPOs and ENUs on the items – who works, who is accountable, and who has benefits, for seven key public procurement activities. The statistical analysis shows that the public procurement process in Serbia can be classified as a process with centralised organisational decision-making authority, focused on form, with demotivated public procurement officers. The efforts for further improvement of the legislation are not expected to reach their full potential until solving organisational structure, reward system, environment, and culture issues.
A Comparative Analysis of the Scope and Content of External Audit of Financial Reports Concerned with Spanish Regional Governments: Are the Existing Differences Related with their Financial Position and the Degree of Compliance with Budgetary Stability Ru
Authors: Vela-Bargues Jose Manuel , Dasí-González Rosa María , Gimeno-Ruíz Amparo
Published: February 2022

The external audit of financial reports concerned with Spanish Regional Governments is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity. The scope of the reports, their content and their structure present significant differences. In some regions, the audit reports are issued by regional audit institutions, while in others, that have not yet developed those audit regional bodies, reports are approved and issued by the Central Government Audit Supreme Court of Accounts .This paper pursues a double purpose. On the one hand, to classify Spanish Regional Governments according to the development of their auditing systems, taking into account the scope and content of the reports issued by the different audit institutions. On the other hand, the aim to establish a relationship between (a) the degree of development of the different external audit systems and (b) the financial position of each region and their degree of compliance with budgetary stability rules.
Jon Stratton, Jon Dale and Tony Mitchell, eds. An Anthology of Australian Albums: Critical Engagements
Authors: Hillier Benjamin
Published: February 2022

An Anthology of Australian Albums: Critical Engagements is a welcome addition to the growing body of work that examines Australian popular music from a critical and scholarly perspective. It was conceptualised by eminent Australian musicologist Tony Mitchell as an academic companion to the often excellent work of non-academic journalists examining Australian popular music albums. As such, this book provides a critical perspective on Australian albums across a range of genres, from black metal to hip-hop, singer-songwriters, and the ever-present pub-rock bands that dominate the landscape of Australian popular music. This perspective leads the volume to consider some of these more common topics from new angles, omitting many of the great works of the canon of Australian rock royalty from the 1970s (AC/DC, The Angels, et al.) in favour of significant yet overlooked or marginalised artists. It is also decidedly contemporary in its choice of albums to analyse, with ten of the fifteen chapters focused on albums released in the twenty-first century, thus providing a valuable insight into recent developments in Australian popular music. Finally, the volume’s focus on individual works and albums makes it a useful complement to other scholarly volumes, such as Sounds of Then, Sounds of Now: Popular Music in Australia…
Rationale and Neurodivergence: Reflections on, and Repercussions of, the Quintessence Project
Authors: Thomson Quin
Published: February 2022

In Autumn 2003, under a previous name, I published a research report in this journal, entitled ‘The Quintessence Project: Re-envisioning Mediæval Music through the Lens of Electroacoustic Technology.’ The report detailed the beginnings of an effort to blend historically informed performance practice (specifically of Gregorian chant) with improvisatory techniques, scaffolded by electroacoustic ‘found sound’ techniques including looping, filtering and granulation…
Megan Kaes Long. Hearing Homophony
Authors: Daly Tim
Published: February 2022

A consistent problem in the analysis of changing musical technique is the temptation to apply anachronistic methods simply because they are well understood, or to measure the nascent style with tools designed for the mature form. This is especially the case when considering the development of tonal harmony, where the use of harmonic analysis well suited to common-practice music runs the risk of seeing earlier technique as an imperfect realisation of the later style: all roads lead to Beethoven! Hearing Homophony by Megan Kaes Long seeks to avoid this snare by taking a strictly circumscribed body of repertoire from the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries and examining it through the lens of expectation. In doing so, she demonstrates how the combined effect of this repertoire’s typical features conspires to produce an expectation of tonal resolution, even if this resolution is not yet completely functional in harmonic terms…
Censura da arte
Authors: Amaral Isabela
Published: February 2022

Considerando o aumento dos ataques às expressões artísticas no Brasil, o presente estudo se propõe a abordar como a censura – frontal e oblíqua – pode ser explicada pela Public Choice, na medida em que as instituições ou agentes públicos, que cometem atos censores, por meio de diversos mecanismos, agem em conformidade com interesses não atrelados ao interesse público. Para realizar tal análise, o artigo se divide em três partes. Em primeiro lugar, será abordado o conceito de censura, definindo os seus mecanismos frontais e oblíquos. Em segundo lugar, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica da teoria da Public Choice, buscaremos demonstrar como os interesses privados influenciam os mecanismos de censura. Em terceiro lugar, serão levantados casos brasileiros pertinentes ao tema, nos quais é possível sugerir a atuação dos agentes e órgãos públicos em desconformidade com o interesse público. A hipótese, portanto, é de que os atos de censura estão intricados em uma lógica de atuação em conformidade com interesses escusos, não vinculados ao interesse público constitucionalmente relevante para a matéria de liberdade artística. Serão utilizados o método hipotético-dedutivo e o referencial teórico da análise empreendida é a teoria da Public Choice.
Análisis de los modelos de interacción empleados por estudiantes universitarios de Biología durante las prácticas de laboratorio, utilizando SDIS-GSEQ
Authors: Gómez Aguirre Cristina , Ruiz Carrillo Edgardo , García Corona Valeria
Published: February 2022

Mediante las secuencias de interacción discursiva IRE/F, se pueden mostrar modelos de aprendizaje usados en el aula. El objetivo de este trabajo fue encontrar la relación entre las estructuras discursivas y los modelos de aprendizaje, identificando correlaciones de eventos discursivos. Participaron ocho estudiantes de segundo semestre de Biología. Las sesiones fueron grabadas y codificadas para el análisis discursivo mediante el SDIS-GSEQ. Un subgrupo utilizó un modelo de enseñanza tradicional, mientras otros utilizaban colaborativo. Los follow-ups flexibilizan el discurso fomentando la colaboración, contraponiéndose al tradicional.

AbstractBy means of IRE/F interactive discursive sequences, learning models used in the classroom can be observed. The objective of this research was finding a relationship between discursive structures and learning models, identifying a correlation among discursive structures. Eight second semester biology students participated in this research. The sessions were recorded and encoded for discursive analysis by means of SDIS-GSEQ. A subgroup applied a traditional teaching model while others made use of a collaborative model. Follow-ups make discourse more flexible by encouraging collaboration, contrasting the traditional teaching model.
Modelling myeloablative cytostatic therapy with cyclophosphamide is accompanied by gastrointestinal stasis in rats
Authors: Schäfer TV , Ivnitsky JuJu , Rejnyuk VL
Published: February 2022

Cyclophosphamide is used for the treatment of lymphoma, leukaemia, some solid tumours, and autoimmune disorders. When carrying out myeloablative cytostatic therapy, the doses of cyclophosphamide are prescribed, which cause irreversible pancytopenia. Early toxic effects of such doses are manifested by asthenic and emetic syndromes, limiting the treatment tolerance. Administration of cyclophosphamide in a dose of ≥ 600 mg/kg is accompanied by hyperammonaemia and symptoms, specific to the acute ammonium salt intoxication. Endotoxemia, resulting from the increase in the intestinal barrier permeability due to the impaired gastrointestinal motility, is considered the possible mechanism underlying these phenomena. The study was aimed to test this hypothesis. Radiographic assessment of the rat gastrointestinal peristalsis was performed within 25 h after administration of cyclophosphamide in a dose of 1000 mg/kg, which was equivalent to myeloablative dose for humans. Intraperitoneal, subcutaneous or intragastric administration of cyclophosphamide slowed down the gastrointestinal transit of bariumsulfate. In the case of subcutaneous cyclophosphamide injection, a moderate effect was observed. In the case of cyclophosphamide administered by gavage, the effect was manifested by a complete halt of transit. Thus, modelling myeloablative cytostatic therapy with cyclophosphamide in rats is associated with gastrointestinal stasis. The changes reported may promote the entry of the gut microbial products into the bloodstream and ensuing endotoxemia.
Perfiles de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en bacterias aisladas en cultivos agrícolas de la cuenca del río Chambo.
Authors: González-Romero Ana Carolina , Guamán-Chabla María Guadalupe , Cordovez-Martínez María del Carmen , Martínez -Duran Eliana Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Introducción. Las enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos han aumentado en los últimos años, derivado del consumo de productos agrícolas contaminados con bacterias resistentes a antibióticos. Objetivo. Identificar los perfiles de resistencia antimicrobiana de bacterias aisladas en cultivos agrícolas de la cuenca del río Chambo. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron un total de 12 muestras de vegetales y hortalizas recolectadas de zonas agrícolas de seis puntos geográficos cercanos al río Chambo. El aislamiento e identificación de las bacterias se realizó por medio de pruebas convencionales empleando medios de cultivo conjuntamente con pruebas bioquímicas. El perfil de resistencia a los antibióticos se determinó por el método de difusión del disco en agar.Resultados. Se identificaron (12/14) 85,7% bacterias pertenecientes a la familia Enterobacteriacea entre ellas: Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella oxytoca y (2/14) 14,3% correspondiente a Enterococcus faecalis. El 50% de las enterobacterias presentaron resistencia a cefalosporinas de 3ra generación (ceftriaxona y ceftazidima), 50% a kanamicina y 25% a imipenem, gentamicina y trimetoprim sulfametoxazol. Conclusiones. Existe contaminación de los cultivos agrícolas vertidos con agua de regadío de la cuenca del río Chambo por especies de enterobacterias y E. faecalis; con altos porcentajes de resistencia a antibióticos de uso clínicos.
Linfoma T cutáneo en paciente con artritis reumatoidea
Authors: Mussano Eduardo , Onetti Laura , Cadile Isaac , Gazzoni María Victoria , Stancich María Inés , Taboada Bonfanti María Carolina , Jurado Raúl , Werner Marina , Truchia Rosana , Mazzotta Marco , Consigli Carlos
Published: February 2022

La artritis reumatoidea incrementa el riesgo de muerte en pacientes que la padecen, ya sea por las comorbilidades como enfermedades cardiovasculares y las infecciones, como así también por una mayor frecuencia de desórdenes linfoproliferativos asociados a la enfermedad de base. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 74 años de edad, con artritis reumatoidea poliarticular y nodular de larga data. Tratado con DMARs, etanercept y abatacept con poca eﬁcacia, por lo que inició rituximab con excelente respuesta, recibiendo luego como mantenimiento tofacitinib 5 mg/ día. En abril de este año presenta lesiones nodulares y eritematosas en ambos miembros inferiores que luego se necrotizan y esfacelan. Se suspende tratamiento inmunosupresor. Se indica biopsia de piel que muestra linfoma T cutáneo con compromiso dérmico e hipodérmico. Se inició quimioterapia CHOP pero luego del segundo ciclo el paciente presenta aplasia medular y fallece.
Sobre las “Cartas al editor”
Authors: Scublinsky Darío
Published: February 2022

Durante los 28 años que se viene publicando la Revista Argentina de Reumatología, el objetivo primordial de esta publicación ha sido proporcionar un espacio para llevar a la luz la producción científica nacional y, desde hace algunos años, también internacional. En ese sentido, uno de los principales atractivos de nuestra revista ha sido la diversidad.
Congreso PANLAR 2018
Authors: Soriano Enrique
Published: February 2022

Estimados Miembros de la Sociedad Argentina de Reumatología, Lectores de la Revista Argentina de Reumatología, amigos: con gran placer y alegría, escribo esta última invitación al ya inminente 20º Congreso PANLAR 2018, en Buenos Aires. Con la participación de todos ustedes, este Congreso PANLAR será un gran evento científico y social. Por el momento, este Congreso PANLAR parece que se constituirá en el Congreso record PANLAR en numerosos rubros: números de inscriptos, números de trabajos científicos recibidos, número de ponentes, número de compañías que apoyan el congreso, entre otros. Estamos seguros, además, que será un gran evento en cuanto a lo científico, lo académico, y la innovación. Desde la Sociedad Argentina de Reumatología, la comisión directiva, y muchos de sus miembros no pertenecientes a la misma, han trabajado en forma muy intensa, constante y desinteresada, para que este evento sea inolvidable. Deseamos dejar en nuestros amigos Reumatólogos Latino Americanos y Pan Americanos, un recuerdo imborrable.