bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation, Purification, Structural Characterization, and Hypoglycemic Activity of Polysaccharide from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. Seed Shell
Authors: Song Qiaoying , Zhang Kunpeng , Gu Lingbiao , Zhang Changlu
Published: June 2023

In this manuscript, polysaccharide (TMSP) was isolated from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shell. The homogeneous polysaccharide (TMSP-1; molecular weight: 690.239 kDa) was purified by column chromatography (DEAE-cellulose-52 and Sephadex G-150). The result of monosaccharide composition showed that TMSP-1 consisted of D-mannose, D-glucose, D-galactose, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 2.01 : 1.98 : 1.87 : 1. Methylation analysis showed that TMSP-1 was made up of →3)-D-Galp-(1→, D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-D-Manp-(1→, →6)-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-D-Galp-(1→, and →4,6)-D-Manp-(1→. The microscopic conformation of TMSP-1 showed a regular flake-like structure that was inlaid with small holes. The α-glucosidase inhibitory rate of TMSP-1 reached 52.23% when the concentration of TMSP-1 was 8 mg/mL, which confirmed the potential hypoglycemic activity of TMSP-1 in vitro. In vivo results showed that type 2 diabetes causes a significant increase in organ index and TMSP-1 recovered the organ index in mice (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, TMSP-1 reversed the increase of liver and kidney weight and the indicators of abnormality. This research lays a foundation for research on the polysaccharides of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shell in hypoglycemia.
Supplementary Protocol from A Phase Ib/II Study of Ivosidenib with Venetoclax ± Azacitidine in IDH1-Mutated Myeloid Malignancies
Authors: Lachowiez Curtis A. , Loghavi Sanam , Zeng Zhihong , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Kim Yi June , Uryu Hidetaka , Turkalj Sven , Jakobsen Niels Asger , Luskin Marlise R. , Duose Dzifa Y. , Tidwell Rebecca S.S. , Short Nicholas J. , Borthakur Gautam , Kadia Tapan M. , Masarova Lucia , Tippett George D. , Bose Prithviraj , Jabbour Elias J. , Ravandi Farhad , Daver Naval G. , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Kantarjian Hagop , Garcia Jacqueline S. , Vyas Paresh , Takahashi Koichi , Konopleva Marina , DiNardo Courtney D.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary protocol for "Phase Ib/II Investigator Initiated Study of the IDH1-mutant inhibitor ivosidenib (AG120) with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax +/- azacitidine in IDH1-mutated hematologic malignancies"
TABLE 3 from Antidepressant Use and Lung Cancer Risk and Survival: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Lee Eunkyung , Park Yongho , Li David , Rodriguez-Fuguet Alice , Wang Xiaochuan , Zhang Wen Cai
Published: June 2023

Subgroup meta-analysis evaluating AD use and lung cancer risk and survival
Supplementary Table S1 from Antidepressant Use and Lung Cancer Risk and Survival: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Lee Eunkyung , Park Yongho , Li David , Rodriguez-Fuguet Alice , Wang Xiaochuan , Zhang Wen Cai
Published: June 2023

Full Search Strategies
FIGURE 3 from Antidepressant Use and Lung Cancer Risk and Survival: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Lee Eunkyung , Park Yongho , Li David , Rodriguez-Fuguet Alice , Wang Xiaochuan , Zhang Wen Cai
Published: June 2023

Forest plot showing the pooled effects of AD use on survival among lung cancer survivors. Blue square and horizontal lines represent relative risks (RR) and 95% CI for each study. The blue boxes reflect the statistical weight of the study. The dotted vertical line indicates the line of no effect. The red diamond represents the pooled RR with its 95% CI.
Holocynips illinoiensis, sp. nov., a new species of oak gall wasp (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) from the USA
Authors: NICHOLLS JAMES A. , FURLAN NICK E. , MELIKA GEORGE
Published: June 2023

A new species, Holocynips illinoiensis Melika & Nicholls, sp. nov. is described from the Nearctic (America north of Mexico). Description, diagnoses, information on biology and host association is given for the new species, as well as preliminary discussion on the coherence of the genus Holocynips.
Shelter from the Storm: Disaster Capitalism and Puerto Rican Undergraduates in Post–Hurricane María Stateside Higher Education
Authors: Garcia Nichole Margarita , Danek Vanessa
Published: June 2023

Background/Context:

Our study takes an asset-based approach to examine the experiences of Puerto Rican undergraduates and the consequences of cascading disasters (e.g., hurricanes, earthquakes, COVID-19). Puerto Rican undergraduates were prone to vulnerability during cascading disasters because they lacked emergency supplies (e.g., flashlights), effective communication pre- and postdisaster (e.g., texts), and/or knowledge of disaster-related procedures on campus.

Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study:

In this article, we use disaster capitalism and the trauma doctrine as our theoretical underpinnings to address the colonial relationship between the United States and Puerto Rico, in which Puerto Ricans have experienced disaster as an ongoing process illuminated by the sociopolitical and sociohistorical contexts that only exacerbate a longer history of deep-seated colonial traumas.

Research Design:

This study employs disaster capitalism and the trauma doctrine as a theoretical guide to depict an anticolonial approach and provide a thick description of the multiple case study design bounded by the phenomenon of disaster across two units of analyses from 2017 to 2020. The first unit of analysis (case 1) demonstrates how the public education sector has been diminishing in Puerto Rico due to investments, in this instance, in stateside institutes of higher education (IHEs) through hurricane relief programs. The second unit of analysis (case 2) shows how increasingly paramount it is to examine the experiences of Puerto Rican undergraduates left prone to these vulnerabilities.

Conclusions/Recommendations:

The theoretical application and findings from our study demonstrate that based on the intersections of disaster capitalism and the trauma doctrine, Puerto Rican undergraduates have and are still experiencing deep-seated trauma masked in disaster “relief” and “recovery” at the hands of the U.S. government and IHEs. These provide an understanding of disaster at the national, institutional, and individual levels.
Continuous and deep sedation until death after a decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies in intensive care units: A national survey
Authors: Le Dorze Matthieu , Barthélémy Romain , Giabicani Mikhael , Audibert Gérard , Cousin François , Gakuba Clément , Robert René , Chousterman Benjamin , Perrigault Pierre-François ,   The SFAR Research Network and The SEDALAT-REA-Group*
Published: June 2023

Background:

Continuous and deep sedation until death is a much highly debated end-of-life practice. France is unique in having a regulatory framework for it. However, there are no data on its practice in intensive care units (ICUs).

Aim:

The aim is to describe continuous and deep sedation in relation to the framework in the specific context of withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies in ICUs, that is, its decision-making process and its practice compared to other end-of-life practices in this setting.

Design and setting:

French multicenter observational study. Consecutive ICU patients who died after a decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies.

Results:

A total of 343 patients in 57 ICUs, 208 (60%) with continuous and deep sedation. A formalized procedure for continuous and deep sedation was available in 32% of the ICUs. Continuous and deep sedation was not the result of a collegial decision-making process in 17% of cases, and did not involve consultation with an external physician in 29% of cases. The most commonly used sedative medicines were midazolam (10 [5–18] mg h−1) and propofol (200 [120–250] mg h −1). The Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) was −5 in 60% of cases. Analgesia was associated with sedation in 94% of cases. Compared with other end-of-life sedative practices ( n = 98), medicines doses were higher with no difference in the depth of sedation.

Conclusions:

This study shows a poor compliance with the framework for continuous and deep sedation. It highlights the need to formalize it to improve the decision-making process and the match between the intent, the practice and the actual effect.
Brand Blunders and Race in Advertising: Issues, Implications, and Potential Actions from a Macromarketing Perspective
Authors: Yoon Hyunsun , Kelly Aidan J.
Published: June 2023

This pedagogic commentary introduces the concept of “brand blunders” to the macromarketing literature and considers the interaction between advertising, race, and society from a macromarketing perspective. We first analyze relevant literature on cultural stereotyping in advertising for both gender and race, and evaluate consumer responses to ideologies in advertisements. Three prominent recent racial controversies are selected to examine the nature of the advertising imagery, consumer interpretations of the advertisements in question, and the company responses to the public furor created by these campaigns. We then consider the issues, implications, and potential actions for macromarketing raised by these examples, and some key research questions that arise for future macromarketing scholarship. The commentary is intended to provide macromarketing educators with a summary of the key knowledge base on the relationship between advertising, race, and society, for use in courses in advertising, brand management, consumer research, innovation management, marketing communications, and marketing strategy.
Systemic Caryospora-like coccidiosis in a clutch of hatchling red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Authors: Falconnier Naomi , Warshaw Michael , Wellehan James F. X. , Childress April L. , Howe Daniel K. , Taylor Holly , Langohr Ingeborg M. , Ard Mary B. , Paulsen Daniel B. , Sasaki Emi , Mitchell Maria S. , Carossino Mariano
Published: June 2023

Caryospora-like organisms (CLOs) form a clade of at least 11 genotypes of related coccidia that can cause epizootic mortality in marine turtles. The biology, transmission, host species range, and host cell tropism of these organisms are still largely unknown. The goal of this study was to characterize the host cell tropism, pathologic and ultrastructural features, and phylogeny associated with the first report of a mortality event due to CLO in the freshwater red-eared slider turtle ( Trachemys scripta elegans). Sudden mortalities within a clutch of captive-raised red-eared slider hatchlings ( n = 8) were recorded, and deceased animals had severe segmental to diffuse, transmural, fibrinonecrotic enterocolitis and multifocal to coalescing hepatic necrosis, among other lesions associated with numerous intracytoplasmic developing stages of intralesional coccidia. Among the different developmental stages, merozoites were ultrastructurally characterized by an apical complex. A pan-apicomplexan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) yielded a 347 bp-amplicon matching the Schellackia/ Caryospora-like clade with 99.1% identity to the US3 strain from green sea turtles ( Chelonia mydas) and 99.1% identity to Schellackia sp. Isolate OC116. Surviving hatchlings were treated with toltrazuril sulfone (ponazuril) but were subsequently euthanized due to the risk of spreading the parasite to other chelonids in the collection. The ponazuril-treated hatchlings ( n = 4) had mild proliferative anterior enteritis, with few intraepithelial coccidia in one hatchling confirmed as CLO by PCR. This is the first report of Caryospora-like coccidiosis in non-cheloniid turtles, highlighting the relevance of this disease as an emerging highly pathogenic intestinal and extra-intestinal form of coccidiosis of turtles with potential cross-species infectivity.
Estimating Demand Volume for Signalized Corridors Under Oversaturated Conditions Using Aggregated Probe Vehicle Speed Data
Authors: Kattepogu Giridhar , Cetin Mecit , Salahshour Behrouz , Yang Hong , Xie Kun
Published: June 2023

Measuring demand directly with vehicle sensors is not possible when demand is larger than capacity for an extended period, as the queue grows beyond the sensor, and the flow measurements at a given point cannot exceed the capacity of the section. The main objective of this study is to develop methods that could be implemented in practice based on readily available data. To this end, two methods are proposed: an innovative method based on shockwave theory and the volume delay function adapted from the Highway Capacity Manual (7th edition). Both methods primarily rely on probe vehicle speeds (e.g., from INRIX) as the input data and the capacity of the segment or bottleneck being analyzed. Probe vehicle data are used to determine the critical times when the queue reaches the end or beginning of a road segment. From these critical times, the shockwave speed for the boundary between congested (high density) traffic and arriving (low density) traffic is estimated. The proposed methods are tested with simulation data generated in VISSIM and validated based on volume data from the field. The field data are collected from a congested arterial in Virginia Beach, VA, and include the ground truth volumes and INRIX speed data aggregated at one-minute intervals. The results show that both methods are effective for estimating the demand volume and produce less than 4% error when tested with field data.
Minimum 10-Year Outcomes After Arthroscopic Repair of Partial-Thickness Supraspinatus Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Dey Hazra Rony-Orijit , Dey Hazra Maria E. , Hanson Jared A. , Rutledge Joan C. , Doan Kent C. , Horan Marilee P. , Millett Peter J.
Published: June 2023

Background:

The prevalence of partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) has been reported to be 13% to 40% within the adult population, accounting for 70% of all rotator cuff tears. Approximately 29% of PTRCTs will progress to full-thickness tears if left untreated. The long-term clinical course after arthroscopic repair of PTRCTs is not well known.

Purpose:

To investigate minimum 10-year patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (RCR) of the supraspinatus tendon and to report reoperation and complication rates.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

Patients were included who underwent arthroscopic RCR of a PTRCT performed by a single surgeon between October 2005 and October 2011. Arthroscopic RCR was performed with a transtendon repair of partial, articular-sided supraspinatus tendon avulsions, bursal-sided repair, or conversion into a full-thickness tear and repair. PRO data were collected preoperatively and at a minimum 10 years postoperatively. PRO measures included the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score, the shortened version of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (QuickDASH), the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Summary, and patient satisfaction. Subanalyses were performed to determine if tear location or age was associated with outcomes. Retears, revision surgery, and surgical complications were recorded.

Results:

In total, 33 patients (21 men, 12 women) at a mean age of 50 years (range, 23-68) met criteria for inclusion. Follow-up was obtained in 28 (87.5%) of the 32 eligible patients ≥10 years out from surgery (mean, 12 years; range, 10-15 years). Of the 33 PTCRTs, 21 were articular sided and 12 were bursal sided. Of the 33 patients, 26 underwent concomitant biceps tenodesis. At follow-up, the mean PROs were significantly improved when compared with preoperative levels: American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score from 67.3 to 93.7 ( P < .001), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation from 70.9 to 91.2 ( P = .004), QuickDASH from 22.3 to 6.6 ( P < .004), and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Summary from 44.8 to 54.2 ( P < .001). Median postoperative satisfaction was 10 (range, 5-10). No patient underwent revision surgery.

Conclusion:

Arthroscopic repair of PTRCTs results in excellent clinical outcomes and high patient satisfaction at minimum 10-year follow-up. Furthermore, the procedure is highly durable, with a clinical survivorship rate of 100% at 10 years.
Study on deformation behavior of clinching process for three-layer aluminum alloy sheets
Authors: Wang Menghan , Wu Hongrui , Chen Yifeng , Zhen Yuanyuan , Wu Fei
Published: June 2023

To solve the problems of low strength and unsatisfactory connection quality of clinching in three-layer sheets, a method of clinching aluminum alloy three-layer sheets with an inclined wall die was proposed. AA5052 aluminum alloy sheets were chosen as the research objects. Elastic-plastic finite element simulation and experimental research were conducted to analyze the mechanism of clinching joints in three-layer sheets and a finite element method has been used to investigate and summarize the five stages of forming a three-layer aluminum sheet clinching. Six load distribution methods were designed to investigate the strength of clinching joints in three-layer sheets. The failure mode and failure mechanism of the joints in the shear and peel experiment were comprehensively studied. The comparison between the experimental and finite element results had an error of less than 8%, indicating that the finite element model was highly reliable. The failure strength of the joints and the energy absorption values were determined by physical experiments, and the results show that the D-2 joint has a maximum shear strength of 3400 N and an energy absorption of 6.67 J. The D-3 joint has a shear strength of 3040 N and an energy absorption of 9.29 J. The T joint has a lower strength and a higher failure displacement, with the T-3 joint having a maximum peel strength of 690 N and an energy absorption of 11.876 J.
Semi-analytical solution for elastoplastic deflection of prismatic fixed-end beams with circular cross-section
Authors: Zorić Andrija , Trajković-Milenković Marina
Published: June 2023

Prismatic fixed-end beams with circular cross-section are often used in engineering. Therefore, there is a need for a solution of an elastoplastic deflection of prismatic fixed-end beams with circular cross-section loaded by lateral displacement at one end of the beam, which is suitable for practical use. The elastoplastic deflection beam theory does not provide a solution in a closed form for such a problem. Hence, a semi-analytical solution is proposed in this paper. Homogenous and isotropic beams with the bilinear elastoplastic strain hardening behaviour are covered in the proposed solution. The elastic deflection of a beam is determined by the Bernoulli–Euler formula. However, differential equation of beam bending in the plastic domain of material behaviour does not have a solution in a closed form. Therefore, an incremental procedure for determining the curvature of the plasticised region of the beam is suggested. The proposed semi-analytical solution is validated by comparing to the finite element analysis results of 16 different fixed-end beam models with varying geometric and material characteristics. Also, validation is done with experimental results of the bar damper device, available in the literature, which has been selected as a sample of a real engineering system where the proposed solution can be applied. A satisfying agreement between the proposed semi-analytical results and the subsequent numerical and experimental results is herein achieved, confirming the solution’s reliability. Finally, a parametric study is conducted using the proposed semi-analytical solution in order to determine the influence of geometrical parameters and material characteristics on the mechanical properties of prismatic fixed-end beams with circular cross-section loaded by lateral displacement at one end of the beam.
Dynamic nexus between non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emission: A comparison analysis between major emitters
Authors: Zou Zongsen , Zhang Yu , Liu Xindi , Li Xin , Wang Meng
Published: June 2023

Non-renewable energy fosters economic growth, whilst simultaneously it serves as the primary source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Using data from the world's three major carbon emitters over the period 1980–2020, this paper adopts the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach to explore the dynamic nexus between energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions. The results reveal that energy consumption matters for economic growth. From a short-term perspective, an increase in oil consumption positively impacts economic growth in the United States and India, whereas a negative shock solely affects China's economic growth. Regarding coal consumption, a positive shock only affects the US's economic growth, while China and India are more likely to be affected by a negative consumption shock. In the long run, the nexus between oil consumption and economic growth exhibits a similar asymmetric pattern in China and the United States. Concerning the effect of coal consumption on economic growth, only negative shocks count for China and positive shocks for the United States. The findings also identify various patterns of energy consumption on CO2 emissions. An increase in oil consumption, whether from a short- or long-run perspective, increases CO2 emissions in all three countries, while a decrease in oil consumption only mitigates CO2 emissions in China and the United States. There are more complicated patterns to the role of coal consumption in CO2 emissions. The results vary significantly from country to country; however, energy consumption has generally promoted economic growth as well as resulted in environmental issues that cannot be disregarded.
‘I don’t know how it is best to put this thing down’: Uncooperative narration in Ford Madox Ford’s The Good Soldier
Authors: Chapman Siobhan
Published: June 2023

This article offers a pragmatic stylistic analysis of Ford Madox Ford’s 1915 novel The Good Soldier, assessing the technical notion of ‘cooperation’ developed in Gricean theory as a means of explaining its distinctive narrative style. Critics have generally agreed this text offers a salient example of unreliable narration, but have differed significantly in how they judge the character of the narrator himself, and even in how they interpret the events of the novel. Grice characterises communicative exchanges as typically rational pieces of behaviour, in which a mutually accepted set of purposes guarantees that individual contributions are suitable and constructive, but he does also detail ways in which speakers may fail to fulfil these expectations. This article will analyse examples from the novel in which the relationship between narrator and reader might be characterised as uncooperative in specifically Gricean terms; the narrator faces a clash of conversational maxims, opts out of the maxims or violates them, rather than either adhering to them or flouting them for communicative effect. This suggests a way in which pragmatic literary stylistics might be able to offer a principled explanation of the idiosyncratic style of this canonical work of modernist fiction, and by extension of the effects of this style of narration on the reader.
Deer mastadenovirus B pneumonia in a white-tailed deer fawn
Authors: Hoskins Emily , Hoffman Jay , Ferro Pamela J. , Diaz-Delgado Josué , Porter Brian F. , Gomez Gabriel , Cliften Paul
Published: June 2023

A 7-mo-old farmed white-tailed deer fawn ( Odocoileus virginianus) died after several weeks of progressive deterioration associated with endoparasitism and respiratory signs. A field autopsy was performed, and lung tissue was submitted for histologic examination. The findings were consistent with necrosuppurative bronchointerstitial pneumonia with intranuclear viral inclusions. Immunofluorescence using fluorescently labeled polyclonal antibodies to bovine adenovirus 3 and 5 was positive. To rule out cross-reactivity with other adenoviruses, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were submitted for genome sequence analysis, which revealed a 99.6% match to Deer mastadenovirus B (formerly Odocoileus adenovirus 2, OdAdV2). To our knowledge, natural clinical disease associated with OdAdV2 has not been reported previously.
Peer-Led Professional Development: How One Technical Communication Team Learns on the Job
Authors: Berger Arthur , Pigg Stacey
Published: June 2023

Technical communication practice can change rapidly over time and across organizations. As a result, lifelong learning is an important mind-set, yet few studies explore how technical communicators learn on the job. This study builds on research about technical communication training by reporting on learning practices in one documentation team working at a large, multinational corporate information technology firm. Based on interviews and artifact analysis, the authors report on topics, technologies, and learning purposes that the team discussed, finding that peer-led, collaborative learning enables documentation teams to create and sustain group dynamics, an underexplored facet of on-the-job learning.
Immunohistochemical Characterization of a Large Cohort of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Han Rachel , Nofech-Mozes Sharon , Boles Dina , Wu Hannah , Curcin Nikolina , Slodkowska Elzbieta
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Triple negative breast carcinomas are characterized by a lack of hormone receptor and HER2 expression and inconsistent expression of breast-specific immunohistochemical markers. The expression of many site-specific markers in these tumors is largely unknown. The objective of the study was to examine the expression of widely used immunohistochemical markers on a large cohort of triple negative breast cancer. Methods. Sections from tissue microarrays were stained with 47 markers using routine protocols. Most markers were scored using a modified Allred method. ATRX, BAP1, SMAD4, e-cadherin, and beta-catenin were scored as retained or lost. Mammaglobin was considered positive if there was at least moderate intensity staining in any tumor cells. P16 was scored as overexpressed or not overexpressed; p53 was scored as wildtype, overexpressed, null, or cytoplasmic. Results. The cohort consisted of 639 tumors including 601 primary and 32 metastases. Overall, 96% expressed GATA3, mammaglobin, and/or SOX10 while 97% of no special type tumors expressed this panel. Carcinoma of apocrine differentiation demonstrated an AR positive, SOX10 negative, K5 negative/focal immunophenotype. PAX8 (SP348), WT1, Napsin A, and TTF1 (8G7G3/1) were never or rarely expressed while CA9, CDX2, NKX3.1, SATB2 (SATBA410), synaptophysin, and vimentin were variably expressed. Conclusions. Almost all TNBC express at least 1 of the 3 IHC markers: GATA3, mammaglobin, and/or SOX10. Carcinoma of apocrine differentiation is characterized by an AR positive, SOX10 negative, K5 negative or focal immunophenotype. Cautious interpretation of so-called site-specific markers, with knowledge of antibody clones, is required in excluding the diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer.
An adaptive impedance control for dual-arm manipulators incorporated with the virtual decomposition control
Authors: Jing Xin , Roveda Loris , Li Jianfei , Wang Yaobing , Gao Haibo
Published: June 2023

The interaction force control problem for the object manipulated by the dual-arm manipulator with the unknown environment is addressed in this paper. An adaptive dual-loop impedance control scheme is designed to meet the three control targets, including the trajectory tracking control of the object, the internal force control of the object with the two arms, and the interaction force control of the object with the unknown environment. Firstly, an adaptive variable impedance control method is proposed in the outer loop to copy with the unknown stiffness and position of the environment. Secondly, an impedance control scheme based on the internal force is designed in the inner loop to plan the internal force and the modified position supplied with the outer-loop control. Thirdly, to realize the reference trajectory supplied with the inner-loop control, the virtual decomposition control (VDC) method is incorporated, which is a recursive adaptive control progress, so that the unknown dynamics of the manipulators is acceptable and the computation complexity is also very low to satisfy the real-time control requirement. The stability verifications of the inner-loop impedance control and the VDC method are given based on the Lyapunov method, and the stability analysis of the outer-loop impedance control is obtained using the Routh criterion. Finally, a plane dual-arm robotic manipulator with three degrees of freedom is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
A novel subjective evaluation method for the sound quality of high-speed train compartments
Authors: Zhu Binyan , Guo Hui , Zheng Lihui , Yang Chao , Ma Minghui , Wang Zengzheng , Wang Yansong , Shen Liji
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a sound quality subjective evaluation method for the high-speed train compartments using semantic scoring method with equal even intervals is proposed. The acoustic metrics in the compartment was studied at different positions and under different operating conditions, and two subjective evaluation experiments using selected sound samples were carried out. The least square method was used to point-fit the sound pressure level values of the original signal, so as to select the appropriate short-term intercepting samples. To avoid the unclear distinction between samples evaluated with the unit interval scoring table, a novel evaluation method that equals even interval semantic scoring method was designed by increasing the interval between adjacent scoring numbers in the scoring table. The results show that the proposed method distinguishes the perceived auditory differences between samples more clearly compared with the unit interval semantic scoring table. And the correlation of the evaluation results obtained by using the equal even interval scoring method between participants is also higher, so the proposed method is suitable for evaluating the sound quality of the interior high-speed train compartments. Psychoacoustic attribute metrics such as loudness, roughness, and sharpness were calculated for the various samples, and loudness was found to have a strong correlation with the subjective evaluation results obtained using the proposed equal even interval method. This further verifies that, compared with unit interval scoring, the proposed method facilitates the sound quality evaluation of the interior high-speed train compartments.
Threatened by the immoral, challenged by the incompetent: Cardiovascular responses to intragroup morality vs. competence evaluations
Authors: van der Lee Romy , Ellemers Naomi , Zarzeczna Natalia , Scheepers Daan
Published: June 2023

In group contexts, moral judgments are used as social influence tactics to regulate the behavior of group members. We argue that communicating moral disapproval with the aim of adapting group members’ behavior might backfire because it elicits (negative) threat rather than (positive) challenge. In two experiments, we examined the motivational consequences of negative morality (vs. competence) evaluations in group contexts. Participants worked on a group task while cardiovascular indices of challenge and threat motivational states were measured following the biopsychosocial model (Blascovich & Tomaka, 1996). In Experiment 1, participants recalled their own prior behavior evaluated as immoral or incompetent; in Experiment 2, participants were exposed to an ingroup member’s prior behavior evaluated as immoral or incompetent. As predicted, in both experiments, reminders of immorality induced a state of threat rather than challenge in a novel group context. These results suggest that moral disapproval intended to motivate group members to adapt their behavior might actually be counterproductive.
Numerical study on aerodynamic characteristics and flow field of a circular cylinder equipped with a C-ring behind at Re = 1000
Authors: Jing Hongmiao , Ma Wenyong , Zhang Zhen
Published: June 2023

Slender cylindrical structures such as cables and signal poles often experience vortex-induced vibrations. Recently, scholars have developed a novel mitigating measure by equipping a C-ring on the structures, where the C-ring is always behind the cylinder by tail rudder, but the mitigation mechanism is still unclear. To this end, the OpenFOAM©, an open source software, has been adopted in this study to carry out the large-eddy simulations (LES) to investigate the influence of a C-ring on the aerodynamic forces, surface pressure, and flow around a circular cylinder at Re = 1000, where the dynamic k-equation LES model is employed. Although the Re is far smaller than that in the reality, the aerodynamic characteristics and flow is also representative and worth studying in this subcritical range. Furthermore, to determine the appropriate radii ( R) and arc lengths ( θ) of the C-ring, various values of R (0.7 D, 0.8 D, 0.9 D, and 1.0 D, where D is diameter of the cylinder) and θ (60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, and 180°) are considered and studied herein. The results indicate that a C-ring can reduce the SD of the lift coefficient by 40%–90% compared to that of a bare cylinder, whereas it has an unremarkable effect on the mean drag coefficient. The C-ring also has a significant influence on the fluctuating pressure coefficients, resulting in a small SD of the fluctuating lift. The spanwise flow on the leeward side of the cylinder under the influence of C-rings with different radii and arc lengths can be categorized into three modes. Meanwhile, the C-ring mitigates wind-induced vibrations by enhancing the spanwise flow on the leeward side of the cylinder. Finally, the appropriate parameters for the C-ring are recommended as follows: R = 0.7 D and θ = 180°; R = 0.8 D and θ = 150°; R = 0.9 D and θ = 150°; R = 1.0 D and θ = 120°, 150°.
Investigating social presence in “In Real Life” streaming for community building
Authors: Lee Yu-Hao , Yuan Chien Wen (Tina) , Bi Nanyi
Published: June 2023

Watching other people share their lives in real time via streaming platforms, also known as In Real Life (IRL) streams, has gained popularity as a form of entertainment and a meaningful way for people to experience social presence and community with others. Our study focuses on IRL streams to investigate how the multiple dimensions of social presence (cognitive copresence, psychological involvement, and behavioral interdependence) with the streamers and other viewers are associated with community identification. Through an online survey of 423 IRL stream viewers, our study found that community identification is associated with different dimensions of social presence derived from the streamers and other viewers. Specifically, cognitive copresence was not sufficient to evoke a sense of community. Psychological involvement with the streamers and behavioral interdependence with other viewers were significantly associated with the participants’ community identification. The findings provide support for examining social presence as a multidimensional construct in studying online interactions on platform with asymmetrical affordances in which different groups of users have varying communication affordances.
Measurement of vitamin K and its derivatives in human plasma through enzyme-assisted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay
Authors: Demirel Metin , Selek Sahabettin
Published: June 2023

Vitamin K is an essential lipophilic vitamin that acts as a coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Accurate measurement of apolar metabolites transported by lipoproteins in serum matrices requires high-recovery extractions of vitamin K and its derivatives following standardized protocols. Conventionally developed methods in this field have predominantly employed solid-phase extraction for the measurement of vitamin K and its derivatives. In this study, our objective was to develop an enzyme-assisted extraction method for the precise measurement of vitamin K and its derivatives. Our methodology involved mixing 450 µL of serum samples with 50 µL of an internal standard and 50 µL of a lipase enzyme solution. Following vortexing, the mixture was incubated at 37°C for 15 min to activate the enzymes. The enzyme reaction was subsequently quenched with a mixture of 250 µL of methanol and 1 mL of hexane, followed by centrifugation at 12,000  g for 5 min. The upper phase was collected, concentrated using a concentrator device, and dissolved in a 100 µL solution of methanol/acetone/isopropanol (7:1:1, v/v/v) for analysis. Spectrum analysis was performed using the open-source MZmine 3 software, and a reference interval was established using the Python programming language on the Google Colab platform. The developed method for measuring vitamin K and its derivatives exhibited limit of detection and limit of quantitation values of 0.005 and 0.01 ng/mL, respectively. In conclusion, our study presents a precise and reliable method for the measurement of vitamin K and its derivatives using enzyme-assisted extraction.
Health in the motivational process of organic product consumption: A socio-psycho hermeneutical approach
Authors: Barbeta-Viñas Marc
Published: June 2023

Social research on organic consumption has increased in recent decades, partly due to its growing demand in central economies. Different studies have agreed to point out that health is one of the most relevant factors that help explain organic consumption. However, a substantial part of these studies are quantitative and fail to clearly establish the role played by health as a motivational element for organic consumption. This paper proposes an analysis of how the symbolic image of organic consumption is configured in light of the significant and emotional relationships that it establishes with health in order to advance knowledge about the motivational process in this type of consumption. We propose an articulation between a sociological and psychoanalytic approach that allows us to interpret how certain non-conscious fantasies and certain emotional states mediate the relationships with which consumers orient their experiences in their daily socio-cultural reality. The empirical analyses of the work have consisted of conducting focus groups and interviews with organic consumers who meet the majority profile in the Catalan market. The results reveal a Manichaean discourse on health and food reality where the organic acquires a defensive and reactive sense linked to the protection and stimulation of personal health. However, it is a discourse that does not manage to get out of the paradox of food modernity: the greater the insistence on risk, the more the fantasy of total protection is fed.
Sexual Abuse of Children With Disabilities: Key Lessons and Future Directions Based on a Scoping Review
Authors: Klebanov Bella , Friedman-Hauser Gal , Lusky-Weisrose Efrat , Katz Carmit
Published: June 2023

In recent years there has been a growing public and professional interest in situations of risk, abuse, and exploitation of children with disabilities (CWDs). Despite the increasing awareness of CWDs experiencing child sexual abuse (CSA) at high rates, research in this area is still in its infancy. The current study seeks to identify, map, and thoroughly analyze the existing knowledge to better inform future research, policy, and practice. A scoping review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, identifying 35 articles addressing CSA among CWDs based on self-report surveys, official report data, and qualitative interviews. The findings addressed the phenomenon’s epidemiology, disclosure, identification patterns, and consequences. Studies showed that CWDs experience CSA two to four times more often than children without disabilities and that they suffer longer and harsher abuse due to factors that complicate the identification of CSA of CWDs. This review highlights the diverse methodologies, producing a high variance in phenomenon rates, as well as unique methodological strategies for addressing challenges in CSA and disability research. Future research should focus on qualitative-retrospective studies of the perceptions of survivors and significant others in their lives (e.g., parents). Moreover, an intersectionality paradigm must be adopted in future studies to address the diverse contexts that construct the phenomenon (including sociocultural contexts). There is also a need to develop integrative interventions to allow higher accessibility of services, adaptive identification mechanisms, and more effective collaboration between professionals and CWDs.
A Bibliometric Study on Charcot Foot Deformity
Authors: Üzümcügil Alaaddin Oktar , Alkan Sevil , Kurt Mehmet
Published: June 2023

In this study, we investigated the literature's publication trends related to the Charcot foot deformity. Using bibliometric analysis to examine the data of origin, this analysis was carried out by conducting an electronic search of the Web of Science database for research articles between 1970 and March 2023. We used the following search term in the search bar: TI  =  (Charcot foot OR Charcot foot deformity OR Charcot's foot OR Charcot Osteopathic Arthropathy) with English language and article-format filtering for documents. The bibliometric analysis was carried out using R's “Bibliometrix” package program. A total of 437 articles were found in the electronic search. A total number of 1513 authors from around the world contributed to the Charcot foot literature, with the most articles published (42.1%) originating in the United States. The United States had the highest proportion of citations (3332 citations). The highest number of articles (n = 245) on Charcot foot deformity was in the last decade. 2021 was the year with the most articles (n = 34). The authors from the United States and the United Kingdom had the highest number of international collaborations. The study offers researchers a current overview of essential data and may help direct future research by summarizing the main points and research trends on the topic of Charcot foot deformity.
Cooperative networks in team invasion games: A systematic mapping review
Authors: Palmer Sam , Novak Andrew R. , Tribolet Rhys , Watsford Mark L. , Fransen Job
Published: June 2023

Team invasion games are sports in which individual team members interact and exchange information to coordinate their behaviours and actions in pursuit of the common goal of winning matches. Researchers have used social network analysis to quantify the cooperative behaviours of sports teams (cooperative network analysis), yet this research exists across an array of disciplines and uses various methods. Therefore, accessibility for practitioners and researchers interested in using it to quantify team cooperation in team invasion games may be limited. This systematic mapping review aimed to identify, report and discuss research in this emerging research area. Articles were systematically searched in electronic databases and reference list scans resulting in 112 papers included. Football was the most studied sport ( n  =  91), and passing was the most observed interaction between players within a sports team ( n  =  107). This review further revealed a lack of consistency in reporting between the included studies with respect to nomenclature and network measures. A comprehensive map of the current literature on the use of cooperative network analysis in team invasion games is provided which can be used by practitioners and researchers tasked with or interested in analysing team performance.
Association between interleukin-27 gene polymorphisms and Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
Authors: Aljarba Nada H. , Al-Anazi Mashael R. , Al-Hazani Tahani M. , Shafeai Mohammed I. , Rudiny Fuad H. , Motaen Ali M. , Bin Dajem Saad M. , Alothaid Hani , Alghamdi Jahad , Alkahtani Saad , Al-Qahtani Ahmed A.
Published: June 2023

Malaria is often characterized by a complicated disease course due to multifaceted intrinsic genetic factors of the host and the parasite. This study aimed to investigate the role of interleukin-27 ( IL-27) gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in a Saudi Arabian cohort. This case-control study obtained blood samples from 250 malaria patients with P. falciparum and 200 randomly identified healthy control subjects from the Malaria Center in the Jazan area. Malaria patients were grouped into three cohorts as follow: low (<500 parasites/µl of blood), moderate (500–1000 parasites/µl of blood), and high (>1000 parasites/µl of blood) parasitemia. The results show that the IL-27 variant rs181209 was significantly associated with malaria patients ( P = 0.026). Similarly, the homozygous GG genotype of rs26528 was also associated with risk of developing P. falciparum malaria ( P = 0.032). The minor allele C of variant rs181206 exhibited an association with low to moderate parasitemia ( P = 0.046). Furthermore, the rs181209 AA genotype was statistically significant in age group 1–5 years ( P = 0.049). In conclusion, this study suggests that variant rs181209 and rs26528 could be associated with the risk of malaria infection by P. falciparum in the population studied.
Safety of fecal microbiota, live-jslm (REBYOTA™) in individuals with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection: data from five prospective clinical trials
Authors: Lee Christine , Louie Thomas , Bancke Lindy , Guthmueller Beth , Harvey Adam , Feuerstadt Paul , Khanna Sahil , Orenstein Robert , Dubberke Erik R.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Microbiota-based treatments reduce the incidence of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDIs), but prospectively collected safety data needed to broaden patient access and protect public health have been limited.

Objectives:

We provide cumulative safety data from five prospective clinical trials evaluating fecal microbiota, live-jslm (RBL) – the first microbiota-based live biotherapeutic product approved by the US Food and Drug Administration – for preventing rCDI in adults.

Design:

Integrated safety analysis includes three phase II trials (PUNCH CD, PUNCH CD2, PUNCH Open-Label) and two phase III trials (PUNCH CD3, PUNCH CD3-OLS) of RBL.

Methods:

Trial participants were at least 18 years of age with documented rCDI who completed standard-of-care antibiotic therapy before treatment with RBL. Assigned study treatment regimen was one or two doses of RBL (or placebo) administered rectally, depending on the trial design. In four of the five trials, participants with CDI recurrence within 8 weeks after RBL or placebo administration were eligible for treatment with open-label RBL. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were recorded for at least 6 months following last study treatment; in PUNCH CD2 and PUNCH Open-Label trials, TEAEs and serious TEAEs were collected through 12 and 24 months, respectively.

Results:

Among the five trials, 978 participants received at least one dose of RBL (assigned treatment or after recurrence) and 83 participants received placebo only. TEAEs were reported in 60.2% of Placebo Only participants and 66.4% of RBL Only participants. Only abdominal pain, nausea, and flatulence were significantly higher in the RBL Only group compared with the Placebo Only group. Most TEAEs were mild or moderate in severity and were most frequently related to preexisting conditions. There were no reported infections for which the causative pathogen was traced to RBL. Potentially life-threatening TEAEs were infrequent (3.0% of participants).

Conclusion:

Across five clinical trials, RBL was well tolerated in adults with rCDI. In aggregate, these data consistently demonstrated the safety of RBL.