bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Analisis Diskriminan terhadap Data Penjualan Ikan
Authors: Darmawan Kezia Eunike , Putra Mochamad Rasyid Aditya , Fitriyani Mubadi’ul , Dewi Berlianti Alisa , Amelia Dita , Mardianto M. Fariz Fadillah , Ana Elly
Published: May 2023

Lautan memiliki lebar yang sangat luas dibanding daratan yang ada di bumi kita. Tidak hanya daratan saja yang dihabitati oleh makhluk hidup, tetapi perairan juga. Peraian sendiri dibagi menjadi berbagai macam yaitu air tawar, air laut, dan air payau Banyaknya kelompok dan jenis ikan yang ada membuat kita harus mengelompokkannya berdasarkan kelompok untuk dapat membedakannya. Kelompok ikan didasarkan dengan berbagai macam kelompok seperti habitat, bentuk, anatomi, hingga ukurannya. Mengutip dari data yang didapatkan pada laman kaggle, terdapat jenis ikan yang memiliki bentuk hampir menyerupai satu sama lain. Jenis-jesnis ikan yang disebutkan dalam data yaitu ikan bream, ikan parkki, ikan pearch, ikan smelt, ikan whitefish, ikan pike, dan juga ikan roach. Dilakukanlah analisis diskriminan untuk mengklasifikasikan ikan yang belum dapat dibedakan karena bentuk fisiknya yang hampir menyerupai ke dalam gugus/kelompok yang sudah ditentukan supaya tidak terjadi kerugian dalam penjualan pasar ikan. Pada hasil analisis dengan uji Wilk’s Lambda didapatkan masing-masing jenis ikan memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan, lalu kelima fungsi diskriminan dapat secara nyata membedakan ketujuh kategori target kelompok.
ПРОБЛЕМА ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ НАУКОВЦІВ ДО РОЗВИТКУ СФЕРИ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ І СПОРТУ В РЕГІОНІ
Authors: Приходько Володимир , Томенко Олександр , Конох Анатолій
Published: May 2023

У статті подані результати дослідження, організованого і проведеного для вивчення практики залучення фахівців фізичної культури і спорту, а саме кандидатів і докторів наук, до розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту в умовах регіону. А також, наскільки активно і широко використовуються їхні компетентності та досвід в умовах окремої області. Вперше на державному рівні потребу у підготовці та ефективному використанні наукових кадрів було визначено у Національній доктрині розвитку фізичної культури і спорту у 2004 р. За час, що минув, захистили дисертації сотні кандидатів та докторів наук з фізичного виховання та спорту, педагогічних, медичних тощо. Саме ця причина спонукала розглянути проблему залучення науковців до розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту, що стимулює поступ сфери на місцевому рівні. Очевидно, що ця проблема існує також в інших сферах суспільного життя і має досліджуватись. Дослідження було організоване і проведене в Запорізькій області методом опитування експертів, а саме викладачів з науковими ступенями факультету фізичного виховання Запорізького національного університету у кількості 28 осіб. Проаналізувавши результати, можна стверджувати, що існує і викладачами з науковими ступенями вважається гострою проблема залучення кандидатів і докторів наук до підвищення кваліфікації фахівців фізичної культури і спорту. Адже згідно з отриманими даними, можемо дійти висновку, що опитані науково-педагогічні працівники згодні та підтримують думку, що підвищення компетентності фахівців фізичної культури і спорту покращить якість управління фізичною культурою спортом у регіонах. Тож корисними будуть різні форми, а саме, запрошення кандидатів і докторів наук до занять у закладах вищої освіти, у фізкультурно-спортивних організаціях. Це також організація заходів безпосередньо за ініціативи науково-педагогічних кадрів.
06.02.2023 mastery learning.docx
Authors: PARVEEN NIKHAT
Published: May 2023

Grounded theory methodology was utilised to study and generate empirical data about the Quran was memorized in India without learning the semantic comprehension of Arabic language. Among other research findings, one was the about the mastery learning paradigm used for teaching the memorization. i have named this paradigm, Mastery Learning Plus because it doesnot stress on minimizing errors during the learning process and accomplishing learning within a specified time frame.
PENGARUH MALTODEKSTRIN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA PEWARNA BUNGA TAPAK DARA (Catharanthus roseus) SEBAGAI BIOCOLOUR PANGAN
Authors: Erfianti Reni , Kiranawati Titi Mutiara , Rohajatien Ummi
Published: May 2023

Bunga tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) merupakan jenis tanaman hias yang berasal dari Amerika Tengah. Pewarna alami yang berasal dari bunga tapak dara ini dibuat dalam bentuk serbuk dengan penambahan maltodekstrin sebagai drying agent. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan metode penelitian Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor dengan 3 level konsentrasi maltodekstrin, yaitu 20%, 30%, dan 40% serta diulang sebanyak dua kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT sebagai post-hoc apabila terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan maltodekstrin dengan konsentrasi 20%, 30%, dan 40% menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap kadar air, pH, °brix, warna, kelarutan dan total padatan terlarut. Hasil analisis kimia serbuk pewarna mahkota bunga tapak dara dengan konsentrasi maltodekstrin 40% memiliki kadar air dan pH terendah, yaitu kadar air sebesar 4,90% dan nilai pH sebesar 3,41. Konsentrasi maltodekstrin 20% memiliki tingkat kemanisan (°brix) terendah, yaitu sebesar 5,35%. Hasil penelitian sifat fisik menunjukkan serbuk pewarna mahkota bunga tapak dara dengan konsentrasi maltodekstrin 40% memiliki tingkat kecerahan warna (L*), warna kemerahan (a*), dan warna kekuningan (b*) terendah, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 32,91; 35,26; dan 35,26. Konsentrasi maltodekstrin 20% memiliki kelarutan dan total padatan terlarut terendah, yaitu kelarutan sebesar 92,84% dan total padatan terlarut sebesar 5,35%. Penambahan maltodekstrin dengan konsentrasi 30% merupakan hasil pewarna terbaik berdasarkan kadar air, pH, tingkat kemanisan (°brix), warna, kelarutan, dan total padatan terlarut menggunakan metode De Garmo.
The Influence of Social and Environmental Factors on Obesity Rates
Authors: berkat wahaj
Published: May 2023

The Influence of Social and Environmental Factors on ObesityRates
Differential expression of ARPC1B in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B, ARPC1B, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. ARPC1B mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of ARPC1B in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. ARPC1B expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN PROBLEM CENTERED LEARNING PADA MATERI RELASI DAN FUNGSI
Authors: Baidin Lela Wulandari , Majid Majid , Zakiyah Siti
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika pada ranah afektif, psikomotor serta kognitif pada pokok bahasan relasi dan fungsi di kelas VIII dan aktivitas siswa setelah dibelajarakan dengan pendekatan Problem Centered Learning serta kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran dengan pendekatan Problem Centered Learning. Prosedur penelitian menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi pada setiap siklus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa mengalami peningkatan karena penerapan pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan Problem Centered Learning. Peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II tersebut berupa : (1) hasil pengamatan kegiatan guru mengelola pembelajaran beroleh kategori baik dan sangat baik 57.15% meningkat menjadi 82.15%; (2) hasil pengamatan aktivitas siswa beroleh kategori baik dan sangat baik 51.60% meningkat menjadi 84.40%; (3) hasil belajar matematika siswa pada ranah afektif beroleh kategori baik dan sangat baik 59.10% meningkat menjadi 83.64%; (4) hasil belajar matematika siswa pada ranah psikomotor beroleh kategori baik dan sangat baik 54.55% meningkat menjadi 80.70%; (5) hasil belajar matematika pada ranah kognitif mencapai 55.00% yang tuntas, meningkat menjadi 82.00% yang tuntas. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Problem Centered Learning mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika dari siswa pada pokok bahasan Relasi dan Fungsi.
Bard on the retraction of a paper in journal Nurse Education in Practice
Authors: wikiarchiving
Published: May 2023

Bard on the retraction of a paper in journal Nurse Education in Practice
Bard on the retraction and replacement of the paper claiming MDPI journals as
Authors: wikiarchiving
Published: May 2023

Bard on the retraction and replacement of the paper claiming MDPI journals as
Differential expression of GRIN2A in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A, GRIN2A, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. GRIN2A mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of GRIN2A in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. GRIN2A expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
Exploring the Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Cancer Progression
Authors: abbas asad
Published: May 2023

Exploring the Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Lung CancerProgression
The Role of Criminal Laws in Deterring and Combating Cybercrime
Authors: berkat wahaj
Published: May 2023

The Role of Criminal Laws in Deterring and CombatingCybercrime
The Link Between Obesity and Cancer: Understanding the Risks and Taking Control
Authors: hassab zulfiqar
Published: May 2023

The Link Between Obesity and Cancer: Understanding the Risksand Taking Control
Teologi Kontekstual dan Kearifan Lokal Toraja dalam Perspektif Filsafat Modern
Authors: Wahyuni Inggrit Lidya
Published: May 2023

Teologi kontekstual adalah cabang ilmu teologi Kristen yang menelaah bagaimana ajaran Kristen dapat menjadi relevan di konteks-konteks yang berbeda. Teologi ini merupakan bagian dari teologi pembebasan. Istilah kontekstualisasi telah digunakan secara populer dalam dunia teologi pada akhir abad ke-20. Masyarakat Toraja adalah masyarakat yang sangat menjunjung tinggi adat istiadat. Setiap pekerjaan yang dilakukan selalu berdasarkan dengan adat, karena menurut mereka setiap pekerjaan yang dilakukan akan lebih mudah dan diberkahi ketika dilakukan berdasarkan adat. Menurut masyarakat Toraja ketika mereka melakukan pekerjaan tanpa berdasarkan adat maka mereka akan ditimpa dengan hal-hal yang tidak diiniginkan atau setiap pekerjaan yang dilakukan tidak dapat berjalan lancar karena dianggap melanggar aturan adat. Salah satu bentuk kebudayaan yang unik dapat kita lihat pada bentuk kebudayaan masyarakat Tana Toraja. Filsafat zaman modern yang kelahirannya didahului oleh suatu periode yang disebut dengan “Renaissance” dan dimatangkan oleh “gerakan” Aufklaerung di abad ke-18 itu, didalamnya mengandung dua hal yang sangat penting. Pertama, semakin berkurangnya kekuasaan Gereja, kedua, semakin bertambahnya kekuasaan ilmu pengetahuan. Pengaruh dari gerakan Renaissance dan Aufklaerung itu telah menyebabkan peradaban dan kebudayaan zaman modern berkembang dengan pesat dan semakin bebas dari pengaruh otoritas dogma-dogma Gereja.
The Global Impact of Obesity: A Growing Health Crisis
Authors: berkat wahaj
Published: May 2023

The Global Impact of Obesity: A Growing Health Crisis
Differential expression of NPL in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase, NPL, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. NPL mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NPL in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. NPL expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
The Role of Exercise in Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Empowering Health through Physical Activity
Authors: abbas asad
Published: May 2023

The Role of Exercise in Cancer Prevention and Treatment:Empowering Health through Physical Activity
Differential expression of PMEL in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding premelanosome protein, PMEL, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. PMEL mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PMEL in melanoma tissues was correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. PMEL expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
Quantile-parameterized distributions for expert knowledge elicitation
Authors: Perepolkin Dmytro , Lindsröm Erik , Sahlin Ullrika
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive overview of quantile-parameterized distributions (QPDs) as a tool for capturing expert predictions and parametric judgments. We survey various types of QPDs covered in the literature and focus on the Myerson distribution as the simplest method of parameterizing a distribution by a set of quantile-probability pairs. We propose the generalization of the Myerson distribution to increase the flexibility of its tails. Additionally, we explore the extension of QPDs to the multivariate setting, discussing methods for constructing bivariate distributions with quantile-parameterized margins.
Experiment ended
Authors: end exp
Published: May 2023

Nature editors have retracted an influential 2015 paper on breast cancer metastases due to unreliable data in the supplementary materials.
Differential expression of BTC in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding betacellulin, BTC, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. BTC mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of BTC in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. BTC expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
Differential expression of PHYHIP in cancer of the skin: malignant melanoma.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Skin cancer is diagnosed in nearly 1.5 million patients each year (1). While patients with basal and squamous cell carcinomas are provided with 5-year survival rates at nearly 100% and 90%, respectively, patients diagnosed with cutaneous melanoma (metastatic melanoma) are provided 5-year survival rates at 91.4% at stage I and 24.6% at stage IV (2-5). We mined published microarray datasets (6, 7) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding phytanoyl-CoA 2-hydroxylase interacting protein, PHYHIP, when comparing melanoma tumor tissue from the human skin to the tissue of origin. PHYHIP mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in melanoma tissues as compared to normal tissues from the skin. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PHYHIP in melanoma tissues was not correlated with overall survival in patients with malignant melanoma. PHYHIP expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of malignant melanoma in humans.
BIOGEOCHEMICAL SELECTIVENESS OF CEDARS OVER METAMORPHIC ROCKS OF THE ESCAMBRAY COMPLEX, SANCTI SPIRITUS, CUBA.
Authors: Valls Ricardo A. , Mantilla Hector Nuñez
Published: May 2023

Cedars (Thuja L), growing in well-developed alluvium overlying Cretaceous metamorphic rocks from the Escambray Complex, were sampled to determinate whether concentrations of copper and other pathfinder elements in plant tissue were related to ore in the studied sector. These results are compared to those obtained from a soil sampling using the same grid as for the biogeochemical sampling. At each sampling point, leaves, flowers, and the end of young branches were sampled.The main elements concentrated on cedars are lead (64,7%), silver (23,6 %), and copper (23,5%), which are elements directly related to the studied pyrite-copper outcrop. Soil samples chiefly concentrate molybdenum (81%), which is not a pathfinder element for this type of ore. Accordingly, to the results of the degree of contrast of the different anomalies, the best material to be sampled are the ends of young branches. However, also the flowers and the leaves from cedar give better result than the soil sampling. A compound sample of branches, flowers and leaves is also recommended for sampling. Since the biogeochemical sampling is more effective, and it reduces the overall quantity of samples, it is recommended to introduce this method, although more experimental work should be done to improve the quality of the interpretation.These results are also a demonstration of the effectiveness of biogeochemical samplings in tropical environments.
Advances in Medical Imaging: Revolutionizing Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: abbas asad
Published: May 2023

Advances in Medical Imaging: Revolutionizing Diagnosis andTreatmen
Bard on the retraction of an influential cancer paper in Nature
Authors: wikiarchiving
Published: May 2023

Bard on the retraction of an influential cancer paper in Nature
The Role of Genetic Testing in Cancer Risk Assessment
Authors: naseem raza
Published: May 2023

The Role of Genetic Testing in Cancer Risk Assessment
Listening to Manchester: Using citizen science Raspberry Shake seismometers to quantify road traffic
Authors: Healy David
Published: May 2023

Road traffic is a major contributor to greenhouse gases in our cities. This study has been designed to test whether low-cost citizen science seismometers (Raspberry Shakes) can be used to quantify temporal and spatial variations in road traffic. I used a network of seismometers installed around Greater Manchester to record signals in the frequency range 1-50 Hz. Data were processed using the open source ObsPy package. Results show that daily variations in seismic noise in this frequency range correlate directly with vehicle counts from open access traffic cameras installed nearby. In addition, a simple peak-counting method can be applied to the seismometer recordings to measure individual passing vehicles, which correlate directly with in-person traffic counts. Two seismometers were installed close to a School Streets pilot project to test if traffic volumes increased just outside the road closure section. Results to data show no increase in seismic vibrations attributable to road traffic, over 6 road closure days. The combination of low unit cost and transparent (i.e., open) data from these seismometers makes them a useful tool to simultaneously quantify anthropogenic noise – including road traffic – and share the results with the wider public.
Decompression and Fracturing Caused by Magmatically Induced Thermal Stresses
Authors: Kiss Daniel , Moulas Evangelos , Kaus Boris , Spang Arne
Published: May 2023

Studies of host rock deformation around magmatic intrusions usually focus on the development of stresses directly related to the intrusion process. This is done either by considering an inflating region that represents the intruding body, or by considering multiphase deformation. Thermal processes, especially volume changes caused by thermal expansion are typically ignored. We show that thermal stresses around upper crustal magma bodies are likely to be significant and sufficient to create an extensive fracture network around the magma body by brittle yielding. At the same time, cooling induces decompression within the intrusion, which can promote the appearance of a volatile phase. Volatile phases and the development of a fracture network around the inclusion may thus be the processes that control magmatic-hydrothermal alteration around intrusions. This suggests that thermal stresses likely play an important role in the development of magmatic systems. To quantify the magnitude of thermal stresses around cooling intrusions, we present a fully compressible 2D visco-elasto-plastic thermo-mechanical numerical model. We utilize a finite difference staggered grid discretization and a graphics processing unit based pseudo-transient solver. First, we present purely thermo-elastic solutions, then we include the effects of viscous relaxation and plastic yielding. The dominant deformation mechanism in our models is determined in a self-consistent manner, by taking into account stress, pressure, and temperature conditions. Using experimentally determined flow laws, the resulting thermal stresses can be comparable to or even exceed the confining pressure. This suggests that thermal stresses alone could result in the development of a fracture network around magmatic bodies.
A Three-Dimensional Signal Detection Model for Eyewitness Identification
Authors: Yang Yueran , Burke Janice , Healy Justice
Published: May 2023

How do witnesses make identification decisions when viewing a lineup? Understanding the witness decision-making process is essential for researchers to develop methods that can reduce mistaken identifications and improve lineup practices. Yet, the inclusion of fillers has posed a pivotal challenge to this task because the traditional signal detection theory is only applicable to binary decisions and cannot easily incorporate filler memory signals. This paper proposes a three-dimensional signal detection theory (3D-SDT) model to decipher the witness decision-making process. The 3D-SDT model clarifies the importance of considering the joint distributions of suspect and filler memory signals. The model also visualizes the joint memory distributions in a three-dimensional decision space, which allows for the incorporation of all eyewitness responses, including suspect identifications, filler identifications, and rejections. The paper starts with a set of simple assumptions to develop the 3D-SDT model, including equal variance, no criterion shift, and uncorrelated memory signals. The paper then develops the model under alternative assumptions that can accommodate more sophisticated considerations. Finally, the paper discusses potential applications of the 3D-SDT model for eyewitness research. With a mathematical modeling and visualization approach, the 3D-SDT model provides a transformative theoretical framework for understanding eyewitness identification decisions and analyzing how various factors affect these decisions.
Does the suicidal ideation scale predict the incidence of suicide-related behaviors?
Authors: Ono Satoshi , Sueki Hajime , Sakai Akito , Ito Jiro
Published: May 2023

The primary objective of this study was to scrutinize the predictive validity of the Suicidal Ideation Scale and its abridged version. Data extracted from the Internet Gatekeeper project was used to investigate whether initial scores on the Suicidal Ideation Scale could forecast the occurrence of suicide-related behaviour among the counselling clients (n = 968) during the course of therapy. We applied a logistic regression analysis, where the independent variable was the client's initial score on the Suicidal Ideation Scale, and the dependent variable was the existence or nonexistence of suicide-related behaviour—either alluding to suicide or declaring suicide attempts—ascertained during the counselling process. Our findings suggested that scores on the Suicidal Ideation Scale had predictive power in identifying suicide-related behaviour in future counselling sessions, even after accounting for potential confounding factors like gender, age, alcohol consumption patterns, history of psychiatric hospital visits, prior suicide attempts, depression, and anxiety. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis results corroborated the moderate predictive accuracy of both versions of the Suicidal Ideation Scale. This indicates that the Suicidal Ideation Scale and its shortened variant possess a credible predictive validity.
Emotional (In)stability: Neuroticism is Associated with Increased Variability in Negative Emotion After All.
Authors: Mader Nina , Arslan Ruben C. , Schmukle Stefan C. , Rohrer Julia M.
Published: May 2023

The personality trait neuroticism is tightly linked to mental health, and neurotic people experience stronger negative emotions in everyday life. But, do their negative emotions also show greater fluctuation? This commonsensical notion was recently questioned by Kalokerinos et al. [(2020) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 112:15838–15843], who suggested that the associations found in previous studies were spurious. Less neurotic people often report very low levels of negative emotion, which is usually measured with bounded rating scales. Therefore, they often pick the lowest possible response option, which severely constrains the amount of emotional variability that can be observed in principle. Applying a multi-step statistical procedure that is supposed to correct for this dependency, Kalokerinos et al. [(2020) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 112:15838–15843] no longer found an association between neuroticism and emotional variability. However, like other common approaches for controlling for undesirable effects due to bounded scales, this method is opaque with respect to the assumed mechanism of data generation and might not result in a successful correction. We thus suggest an alternative approach that a) takes into account that emotional states outside of the scale bounds can occur and b) models associations between neuroticism and both the mean and variability of emotion in a single step with the help of Bayesian censored location-scale models. Simulations supported this model over alternative approaches. We analyzed 13 longitudinal data sets (2,518 individuals and 11,170 measurements in total) and found clear evidence that more neurotic people experience greater variability in negative emotion.
Systematically reducing schematic information during encoding differentially impacts true and false memory at retrieval in younger and older adults
Authors: Chamberlain Jordan , Dennis Nancy
Published: May 2023

Schemas are abstract representations that can aid memory performance by providing a structured context in which memories can be both encoded and retrieved. However, large amounts of schematic information can hinder memory accuracy for simultaneously encoded non-schematic information. Such overreliance on schemas can induce categorical information into memory processes and increase the probability of false memories for schematic information that was never truly present. Such overreliance also leads to overall poor memory for non-schematic information. While older adults frequently exhibit mnemonic age-deficits compared to younger adults, past work suggests schemas influence older and younger adult memory performance to a similar degree, with limited benefits from directed encoding instructions designed to focus attention away from the schema in support of memory for non-schematic information. Related to this work, it remains unclear how systematically manipulating schematic information during encoding may alter subsequent true and false memory performance. To examine this, we systematically altered the ratio of schematic-to-nonschematic perceptual information, schematic density, present during encoding across four schematic conditions in a sample of younger and older adults. Overall, both younger and older adults responded more accurately to schematic compared to non-schematic information, replicating past work highlighting the influence of schemas on memory performance. Results also showed that systematically reducing schematic density improved memory discriminability. Specifically, this manipulation was met with increasing hits and decreasing false alarms for schematic items in both younger and older adults. This benefit appeared to come at a cost for older adults however, as they exhibited more false memories to the increased amount of non-schematic compared to schematic perceptual information. Taken together the results demonstrate that while schemas maintain a strong grip on memory performance, this effect can be manipulated with reduced schematic density. Such findings reveal the extent to which the pervasive influence of schemas on memory can be swayed by perceptual manipulations in healthy younger and older adults.
Predicting Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Episodes in Children and Adolescents using a wearable biosensor - A Wrist Angel Feasibility Study
Authors: Lønfeldt Nicole Nadine , Olesen Kristoffer Vinther , Das Sneha , Mora-Jensen Anna-Rosa Cecilie , Pagsberg Anne Katrine , Clemmensen Line
Published: May 2023

Obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD) are marked by distress, negative emotions, mental processes and behaviors that are reflected in physiological signals such as heart rate, electrodermal activity, and temperature. Continuous monitoring of physiological signals associated with OCD symptoms may make measures of OCD more objective and facilitate close monitoring of prodromal symptoms, treatment progress and risk of relapse. Thus, we explored the feasibility of capturing OCD events in the real world using an unobtrusive wrist worn biosensor and machine learning models. Nine children and adolescents (mean age = $12.3$, SD = $2.6$) with mild to severe OCD were recruited from child and adolescent mental health services. Participants were asked to wear the biosensor in the lab during conditions of rest and exposure to OCD symptom-triggering stimuli and for up to eight weeks in their everyday lives and register OCD events, i.e., every time their OCD symptoms caused distress. We explored the relationships among the amount of physiological data, registered OCD events, age, OCD symptom severity and symptom types. In the machine learning models, we considered detection of OCD events as a binary classification problem. A two-layer cross validation strategy with either random 10-folds, leave-one-person out, or leave-week(s)-out in both layers was used. We compared the performance of four models: logistic regression, random forest (RF), feedforward neural networks, and mixed-effect random forest (MERF). To explore the ability of the models to detect OCD events in new patients, we assessed the performance of participant-based generalized models. To explore the ability of models to detect OCD events in future, unseen data from the same patients, we compared the performance of temporal generalized models trained on multiple patients with personalized models trained on single patients. Eight of the nine participants collected biosensor signals totaling $2,045$ hours and registered $1,639$ OCD events. RF and MERF models outperformed the other models in terms of accuracy in all cross-validation strategies, reaching 70\% accuracy in random and temporal cross validation. Better performance was obtained when generalizing across time compared to across patients. Generalized temporal models trained on multiple patients were found to perform better than personalized models trained on single patients. Our pilot results suggest that it is possible to detect OCD episodes in the everyday lives of youths using physiological signals captured with a wearable biosensor. Large scale studies are needed to train and test models capable of detecting and predicting episodes.
Post-error speeding or post-win slowing? An empirical note on the interpretation of decision-making time as a function of previous outcome
Authors: Dyson Ben
Published: May 2023

Differences in response time following previous losses relative to previous wins are robust observations in behavioural science, often attributed to an increased (or decreased) degree of cognitive control exerted after negative feedback, hence, post-error slowing (or post-error speeding). This presumes that the locus of this effect resides in the specific modulation of decision time following negative outcomes. Across two experiments, I demonstrate how the use of absolute rather than relative processing speeds, and the sensitivity of processing speeds in response to specific experimental manipulations (Experiment 1: win rate, Experiment 2: feedback), provide clarity as to the relative weighting of post-win and post-error states in determining these behavioural effects. Both experiments show that the speeding or slowing of decision-time is largely due to the flexibility generated by post-win cognitive states. Given that post-error speeding may actually represent post-win slowing, conclusions regarding the modulation of decision-making time as a function of previous outcomes need to be more carefully considered.
International Competition in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Thare Hdeel Harbi
Published: May 2023

The Horn of Africa region has a special importance in the policies of the major powers that seek to achieve their interests, due to the strategic elements that this region enjoys, whether in relation to its strategic location or the resources and wealth that exist in it. This feature doubled the size of the temptations that attracted the attention of most of the superpowers and made it a fertile field for the exercise of all kinds of influence. The weakness factors that the region suffers from, such as internal conflicts, the spread of corruption, poverty, and the absence of a national identity, allowed for effective external interference in its internal affairs.
Applications of Realism and Idealism in foreign policy (American foreign policy as a model)
Authors: Kahyah Hasan khazaal Mahdi
Published: May 2023

The study aims at identifying the most prominent features of idealistic and realistic American foreign policy through highlighting three Arab issues, namely the American occupation of Iraq, the American position on the Syrian Libyan uprisings. To achieve this goal, the study used the decision-making approach, and the comparative approach in accordance with their relation to the nature of the case-study. 

It is revealed that there is a difference in US foreign policy towards each issue separately, and that there is a difference in managing the issue itself. This is related to the difference in the personal aspects of the American president in that period, and the idealistic or realistic tendencies that governed his vision.

The occupation of Iraq in 2003 could be seen as indicators of realism in US foreign policy. With the succession of US administrations, those realistic indicators changed to ideal ones after the US withdrawal from Iraq in 2011, and the attempt to establish normal relations with Iraq and focus on developing the strategic partnership between the two countries.

The American position on the Libyan revolution also varied between realism after the direct military intervention in to eliminate Muammar Gaddafi’s regime, and idealism through the presentation of the Obama’s administration to programs and plans related to issues of democratic transition, human rights, development of informal organizations and the provision of necessary support to them, and the establishment of Trump administration high-level diplomatic activity on Libya in mid-2020 to intensify efforts to stabilize the political situation in Libya. In addition, the positions of the US administration have fluctuated on the Syrian revolution of 2011. There are realistic features, most notably the operation that the Trump administration directed at the Syrian army’s Shayrat Airbase in April 2017, and ideal features represented by the Obama administration’s attempts not to directly interfere in the Syrian revolution and to stay away from military action, and overlooking Russia’s incursion into Syria to avoid the United States of America entering new wars, or getting directly involved in Middle Eastern conflicts.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of News on The Russian- Ukrainian Crisis in CNN and RT English News Channels
Authors: Mohammed Farah Qasem
Published: May 2023

The recent conflict that erupted last year between Russia and Ukraine provided the foundation for this study's inspiration. Two news reports that were collected from the websites of the CNN and Russia Today(RT) English news channels were examined using Fairclough's (1992) three-level model as the primary model. Multiple models were employed at these levels to accomplish the objectives of this research, including : Searle (1979), Quirk et al. (1985), van Dijk (1991),Harris's (2013),and Halliday and Matthiessen (2014).

     The following research questions have been raised as follows:

1.What are the syntactic, lexical, and rhetorical microstructures used by some CNN and RT with regard to the Russian-Ukrainian crisis?

Which intersexual and speech acts are used as mesostructures to convey the ideology of CNN and RT ?

What are the repeated themes that those channels introduced in terms of the macrostructures?

What is the information provided by the micro-and microstructures of those news channels’ ideologies towards the Russian-Ukrainian crises?

The following conclusions have been reached:

CNN and RT utilize multiple syntactic structures like activation and passivation with the activation having the highest frequency ; CNN and RT employ over wording and  metaphor as the analysis reveals.

CNN and RT utilize the direct and indirect manifest intertextuality the data under examination and mostly use speech acts’ representatives (assertive).

The most repeatedly used theme in the collected data is manipulation.

Anti- violence and the defence of human rights are the most commonly used repeated ideological notions that are used by the journalists of CNN and RT in the data under examination.
Challenges of Iraqi water security
Authors: Husane Prof Dr. Mustafa Jassim , Hikmat Salwa Ghadhanfer
Published: May 2023

The abundance of water resources is a key factor for securing stability and balance around the world, especially in arid regions. Iraq's water resources are an important part of the country’s wealth. Iraq shares its rivers, Tigers and Euphrates and their tributaries with three neighboring countries (Turkey, Iran, and Syria). These countries have been building several dams on Tigris, Euphrates, and their tributaries in order to store water for irrigation and energy production. These dams cause a severe shortage in the quality and quantity of the annual revenues of water in Iraq.

The research investigates the water policy of Iraq and discusses the challenges facing this policy.
Educational Needs of Iranian Rural Librarians: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Shaghaghi Mehdi , Hosseini Mohammad H.
Published: May 2023

In the present article, the educational needs of Iranian rural librarians are investigated. The rural libraries are the only cultural centers of rural communities, and the librarians of these libraries have limited contact with other librarians as well as professional communities. On the other hand, the rural library is one of the few institutions that try to reduce the gap in taking advantage of job opportunities and education in first-class universities and therefore has a moral duty. The trained rural librarian can play an important role in benefiting villagers with the opportunity of both university education and employment. For this reason, educating rural librarians is of great importance in rural development and benefits villagers through social opportunities. For this purpose, first, an attempt was made to extract and categorize the educational needs of rural librarians through interviews with them. Then, another attempt was made to extract and categorize the educational themes of rural librarians by reviewing international literature in the field of rural libraries. A total of 33 educational themes were obtained from interviews, and 36 themes were extracted from reviewing the literature. Finally, using a questionnaire, librarians were asked to prioritize these 69 educational themes and rank them between 1 and 20, where a score of 1 indicated the highest priority and a score of 20 showed the lowest priority. The findings showed that 10 educational themes are of priority for Iranian rural librarians: (1) child psychology, (2) puppet games and handicraft skills, (3) knowledge of children's and adolescent literature, (4) mentoring and educational guidance, (5) digital literacy, (6) information search and retrieval, (7) content production soft skills, (8) family counseling skills, (9) conflict management skills, and (10) life skills.
Tahfiz Al-Qur'an Education System in Robitotul Istiqomah Huristak Islamic Boarding School, Padang Lawas Regency
Authors: Siregar Sinta Lesmarani , Nurmawati Nurmawati , Budianti Yusnaili
Published: May 2023

The success of an institution at the pesantren level cannot be separated from the range of systems applied, both the strategy and the curriculum used. Likewise, the implementation of memorizing the Qur'an requires a method and technique that can facilitate these efforts, so that it can work well. The purpose of this study is to analyze the tahfiz Al-Qur'an education system, find out how the strategies used in tahfiz Al-Qur'an education are, and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in tahfiz Al-Qur'an education at the Robitotul Istiqomah Islamic Boarding School. The method used in this research is to use a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of this study indicate that the planning of Tahfiz Al-Qur'an at the Robitotul Istiqomah Islamic Boarding School does not use a syllabus or RPP (Learning Program Design) but uses and makes a plan using the Tahfiz Al-Qur'an book. By making the Tahfiz Al-Qur'an book, it was developed from the coordination of Tahfiz Al-Qur'an and Teacher Tahfiz. The methods used in learning are the tahfiz method, the Wahdah method, the Sima'i method, the combined method, and the Jama'i method. And Evaluation of tahfiz Al-Qur'an coaching for students is carried out once a month using an assessment in the form of a rote deposit system.
Supervision of financial planning companies in consumer protection efforts
Authors: Hutabarat Sylvana Murni Deborah , Dalimunthe Siti Nurul Intan Sari , Rizkianti Wardani , Sakti Muthia
Published: May 2023

Buying and selling transactions, both services and goods, are growing rapidly along with technological developments. The profession of financial planning has been in great demand by the public in recent times, but this is inseparable from the existence of disputes which result in losses for consumers. Misappropriation of authority and violations committed by financial planning companies violate consumer rights. The Financial Services Authority has also yet to supervise because financial planners are not included in the financial sector. This research examined legal protection for financial planning consumers through supervision based on safety, certainty, and benefit principles. A statutory approach supports the normative juridical method and uses secondary data. The results of the study show that legal protection for consumers of financial planning companies is based on Article 10 letter c of Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, Articles 103 and Article 104 of Law Number 8 of 1995 on Capital Markets, Article 28 of Law Number 19 of 2016 on ITE, Article 378 and Article 372 of the Criminal Code and Article 1365 of the Civil Code.