bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing issues with 3D-printed gears mechanical properties
Authors: Shaaya Karam , Sarka Ferenc
Published: December 2024

Additive manufacturing, often known as 3D printing, is substantially revolutionizing the industrial environment by turning new ideas into tangible items. This technology promotes innovation in various industries, like healthcare, aerospace and automotive, by allowing for the development of sophisticated, one-of-a-kind designs while reducing waste and expenses. Prompting improvements in production, additive manufacturing demonstrates a great deal of design variation while also being very efficient. This technology reforms traditional production techniques and makes solutions that were previously impossible. This research delves into the mechanical properties and production challenges of additively manufactured 3D- printed gears. The evaluation of gear performance focuses on the influence of essential characteristics, including the analysis of printing orientation and infill patterns, among other factors. Mechanical properties such as tensile and bending strength rise in a horizontal direction; conversely, in a vertical structure, the reverse is true. Concentric, grid-like infill patterns improve materials like PLA and PLA+ in strength and surface quality. This study examines significant challenges, such as thermal expansion and air gaps that affect gear reliability. Effective solutions require refining gear designs, enhancing heat dissipation, and optimizing material properties. The research findings improve comprehension of how 3D-printing parameters affect gear performance, offering valuable insights for the design and manufacture of durable, high-performance 3D-printed gears in industrial applications.
The Response of Mouse Microglia Cells SIM-A9 to γ-Radiation
Authors:   National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia, Shaposhnikova D.A. , Moskaleva E.Yu. ,   National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia, Vysotskaya O.V. ,   National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia, Komova O.V. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia, Koshlan I.V. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia, Kondratiev K.V. ,   National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Characterization of the response of mouse microglia cells of the SIM-A9 line to the γ-irradiation.
Material and methods: Irradiation of the cells in suspension was carried out using a GUT-200M installation (cobalt-60 γ-radiation source). The radiosensitivity of cells was assessed by the number of surviving cells and their clonogenic activity. The effect of γ-radiation on the phenotype and expression of colony-stimulating growth factor receptor-1 and of epidermal growth factor, which are required to stimulate microglial cells proliferation, was studied using flow cytometry after staining the cells with appropriate fluorescently labeled CD11b, CD45, TMEM119, CSF-1R и EGFR antibodies. Analysis of the relative expression of mRNA genes for the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα in response to γ-radiation was performed using RT-PCR. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student’s t-test in the Origin program.
Results: High radiosensitivity of SIM-A9 cells has been demonstrated. When analyzing the dependence of the clonogenic activity of cells on the radiation dose, it was shown that the D37 value for these cells was equal to 1 Gy. Irradiation caused a cell cycle block in the G0/G1 phase with a decrease in the proportion of cells in the S– and G2/M-phases. The cell death of irradiated SIM-A9 cells occurred by apoptosis. The peculiarity of SIM-A9 cells compared to brain microglia is their phenotype of activated microglia CD11b+/CD45high with an insignificant content of CD11b+/CD45-/low cells and no change in it after irradiation. An increase in the level of mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokine genes IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα in response to γ-irradiation of SIM-A9 cells was shown, which reflects their activation and corresponds to the response of brain microglia cells during total mice irradiation and local cranial irradiation.
Conclusion: The obtained patterns indicate the possibility of using the SIM-A cell line in model radiobiological studies, including the study of intercellular interactions of brain cells of different types with microglia cells.
Expert Assessment of Nuclear Power Plant Personnel Performance as a Part of Professiography Research: Problems and Solutions
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Kosenkov A.A. , Lyaginskaya A.M. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2024

The article describes the methodological approaches and principles used by the author to overcome the difficulties encountered in the process of conducting an expert assessment of the professional success of nuclear power plant personnel. This procedure was part of a professiography research, and its purpose was to identify groups of the most and least successful specialists of various profiles, followed by an analysis of their psychological and psychophysiological characteristics.

As a result of trial and error, the author concluded that reliable results can be obtained by consistently using a set of expert assessment methods, starting with a point assessment by experts of individual qualities of the evaluated specialists belonging to the same job group, continuing with the method of their alternative ranking based on professional success. At the final stage, the experts subdivided the ranked lists of evaluated persons of each job position into five qualitatively different levels according to this integral feature (from the most to the least successful).

The algorithm of expert personnel assessment described in this paper has allowed minimizing the impact of some traditional problems that inevitably occur when solving such tasks. It was successfully applied by the author and his colleagues in the process of professiography research conducted at nuclear power plants.
PENINGKATAN LITERASI PERENCANAAN KEUANGAN SYARIAH ANGGOTA KARANG TARUNA BAMBU LARANGAN AMPERA
Authors: Amalia Alvien Nur , Listiani Meydian , Putri Natasya Adithia , Falihah Amara , Damayanti Putri
Published: December 2024

The younger generation represents the future of the nation. They demonstrate considerable potential for growth and development. One such area of focus is the enhancement of financial literacy, particularly among younger demographics, which has the potential to foster a more financially aware and stable society. The youth organization Bambu Larangan Ampera is comprised of young people who act as both catalysts and role models for their peers. Most of these individuals adhere to the Syariahc faith; however, they demonstrate a lack of comprehension regarding financial planning, particularly in the context of Sharia-compliant financial planning. This is a significant consideration, as it can be a crucial element in financial planning, both in the short and long term. Accordingly, a needs assessment was conducted as part of the community service programme, which identified a need to enhance comprehension of sharia financial planning. The training was implemented by providing relevant materials and opportunities for hands-on practice. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated through the administration of pre-test and post-test questionnaires to each participant. The results demonstrated an average increase in each indicator of understanding of Perencanaan Keuangan Syariah, indicating that the training was successful. However, there is still a need to improve the financial literacy of the younger generation.
Assessment of Dynamic Balance, Muscle Strength and Pain in Young Women with Generalized Joint Hypermobility
Authors: Mikalauskaitė Rosita , Daunoravičienė Algė , Aukštuolytė – Bačienė Ernesta , Tamulionytė Vilma , Gurskienė Erenesta
Published: December 2024

This research aims to assess dynamic balance, muscle strength, and pain in young women with generalized jointhypermobility.Research methods: A cross-sectional research design was used in this study. The Beighton scale was used toassess joint hypermobility; the Y test was performed to assess injury risk; a hand-held dynamometer was applied toassess upper extremities’ muscle strength; the McGill tests were used for evaluation of the endurance of trunk muscles’ strength; a numeric analog scale and pain map were used to assess pain intensity and localization.Participants: Twenty-fve young females (age: 22(18–28; 21,16) years; body mass index: (23, 19,2–24, 23,2)kg/m²) participated in this study.Results: The median Beighton score value was 7 (4-9;7.48) points. The Y balance test revealed that 36% (n=9)of the participants were at risk of injury when standing on the dominant leg, and 64% (n=16) when standing on thenon-dominant leg. 64% (n=16) of the young women had a normal grip strength of the dominant hand, and 56%(n=14) had normal non-dominant handgrip strength. Only 20% (n=5) of young women with joint hypermobility hadan abdominal-to-back muscle strength endurance ratio within the normal range and lateral muscle endurance ratiowas within the normal range only in 16% of women.Conclusions: Our pilot study showed that young women with joint hypermobility have reduced hand musclestrength, an imbalance in trunk muscle static endurance and an increased risk of injury in more than half of the subjects. As many as 76% of the young women in this study reported experiencing pain in diﬀerent areas of the body.Keywords: increased range of movement, fitness, injury risk .
Virtual Reality Therapy for Upper Extremity Functions Following Stroke. A Systematic Review
Authors: Gill Gurkeerat , Dudonienė Vilma
Published: December 2024

Background. After a stroke attack, the majority of the individuals suffer from the upper extremity functional impairments. Recently, virtual reality has indicated promising positive functional outcomes in stroke patients. To identify the efficacy of virtual reality therapy, there is an essential need to measure its effectiveness on the parameters of evidence-based science.
Design. Systematic review of literature.
The aim. To analyse the effectiveness of the virtual reality therapy on the upper extremity functions after stroke.
Methods. A database of articles published from 2010 to 2018 was compiled by using the keywords: stroke, stroke rehabilitation, virtual reality, virtual reality therapy, upper limb, and upper extremity. After careful screening of the articles, the articles, which met the selection criteria, were included. Fourteen studies involving 416 patients in total were analysed.
Findings. Virtual reality was found to be a remarkable rehabilitation therapy. All methods that were applied in virtual reality therapy on the patients suffering from Ischemic and Haemorrhagic stroke provided significant positive results in the functionality of the upper extremity.
Conclusion. In all cases, virtual reality was found to be a highly effective and useful tool for rehabilitation in stroke patients.
Keywords: stroke, virtual reality, stroke rehabilitation, upper extremity.
Effect of Differently Localised Electrical Stimulation and Therapeutic Exercises on Pain, Functional Status and Quality of Life in Subjects After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Rutkauskas Ernestas , Sipavičienė Saulė , Baikštis Vilius , Mikučionis Petras
Published: December 2024

Background. Electrical stimulation is an effective treatment for restoring muscle strength in the thigh after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructive surgery.
The aim – To determine the effects of differently localized electrical stimulation and therapeutic exercises on pain, functional status and quality of life in subjects after anterior cruciate ligament tear injury.
Methods. The study included 29 patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. The control group received physiotherapy and electrostimulation on the quadriceps femoris muscle, the study group received physiotherapy and electrostimulation on the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure pain intensity. The amplitude of knee extension and flexion was measured with a goniometer. The strength of the knee extensor and flexor muscles was assessed by manual muscle testing using the Oxford scale. Quality of life was measured using the SF-36 questionnaire.
Results. In both groups, there was a significant increase in muscle strength (p<0.05), an increase in knee joint amplitude (p<0.05) and a decrease in pain intensity (p<0.05). However, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Quality of life improved in both groups (p<0.05), but the quality of life score was higher in the study group (p<0.05).
Conclusion. Therapeutic exercises and electrostimulation of differently localized significantly improved the subjects' functional condition and quality of life. The quality of life assessment was significantly better in the group where electrostimulation was applied to both the anterior and posterior sides of the thigh muscles than to the anterior side only..
Keywords: physiotherapy; electrostimulation; functional status; quality of life; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery.
Application of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Upper Limb Motor Function Following Cerebral Infarction: A Clinical Case Analysis
Authors: Gimbutaitė Greta , Stočkūnaitė Paulina , Petrusevičienė Laura
Published: December 2024

Background. Cerebral infarction, a form of acute cerebrovascular disorder affecting the brain or spinal cord, presents with focal neurological symptoms that persist for more than 24 hours post-onset. Managing complications arising from cerebral infarction typically involves a multifaceted and prolonged therapeutic approach. Recent advancements, such as the application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), have shown the potential to significantly accelerate the rehabilitation process by enhancing neuroplasticity and motor recovery.
Aim. The objective of this report is to present and discuss the clinical case of a patient who received transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as part of a rehabilitation program following cerebral infarction. This case aims to provide physicians across various specialties with insights into the therapeutic outcomes associated with TMS, highlighting its potential role in enhancing motor recovery during post-stroke rehabilitation.
Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical history of a patient who underwent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to enhance upper limb motor function following a cerebral infarction. The patient participated in an inpatient rehabilitation program (Rehabilitation Stage III) for 54 days, with TMS initiated on the 7th day. A total of 10 TMS sessions were administered. Functional outcomes were assessed and compared between the start and completion of the rehabilitation program, and results are presented as a clinical case analysis to illustrate the therapy’s impact.
Results. During rehabilitation, the patient’s independence improved. Muscle strength in the upper limbs increased: the right hand’s strength improved by 133.33%, and the left hand by 66.67%. Fine motor skills and dexterity in the hands also improved.
Conclusions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an emerging, effective approach in rehabilitative treatment. In this clinical case, marked improvements in the patient’s motor functions and independence were observed, supporting the efficacy of TMS as an adjunct  to standard rehabilitation techniques for enhancing functional recovery following a cerebral infarction.
Keywords: rehabilitation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, cerebral infarction, stroke.
KAMUS BAHASA DAERAH TORAJA – INDONESIA BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Pasinggi Eko , Pongdatu Gidion Aryo Nugraha
Published: December 2024

Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan keberagaman bahasa, dengan ribuan bahasa daerah yang tersebar di seluruh kepulauan. Namun, keberagaman ini juga membawa masalah serius, karena banyak dari bahasa-bahasa ini menghadapi risiko punah atau bahkan hampir punah. Untuk menjaga keberlangsungan suatu bahasa, ketersediaan referensi berupa kamus menjadi kunci penting. Salah satu bahasa daerah yang menghadapi tantangan tersebut adalah Bahasa Toraja. Bahasa Toraja adalah salah satu bahasa daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki sejarah dan budaya yang kaya. Meskipun sudah ada kamus Bahasa Toraja yang tersedia, jumlahnya terbatas, dan ini mengakibatkan sebagian masyarakat kesulitan dalam memanfaatkannya. Namun, dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, ada harapan baru untuk mengatasi tantangan ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah prototipe kamus Bahasa Toraja berbasis web. Sistem ini dirancang untuk memberikan akses yang lebih mudah dan luas kepada kamus Bahasa Toraja, sehingga dapat membantu dalam menjaga dan memperkaya bahasa ini. Hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini memiliki fitur-fitur yang berfungsi dengan baik dan mampu memberikan hasil terjemahan yang akurat. Dengan adanya prototipe kamus Bahasa Toraja berbasis web ini, diharapkan masyarakat Toraja dan para peneliti bahasa dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi bahasa mereka dan mempromosikan keberlanjutan Bahasa Toraja.
IDENTIFIKASI TITIK KEPUTUSAN DALAM PROSES BISNIS OTOBUS
Authors: Ilmatul Hidayah Ela , Mun Aaziza , Ainul Yaqin Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengoptimalkan proses bisnis pada perusahaan otobus menggunakan pendekatan sistem ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning).Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan Business Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN) untuk memetakan alur kerja, serta analisis berbasis data untuk mengevaluasi efisiensi operasional dan kepuasan pelanggan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 7 titik keputusan utama dalam proses bisnis, yaitu validitas pesanan tiket, ketersediaan kursi, penjadwalan keberangkatan bus, perencanaan rute, pembuatan invoice, penjadwalan pemeliharaan, dan pemenuhan kebutuhan suku cadang. Implementasi sistem ERP dengan metode BPMN . Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan sistem ERP yang lebih luas dengan memanfaatkan analitik data lanjutan dan kecerdasan buatan (AI). Teknologi ini dapat mendukung prediksi kebutuhan operasional, seperti permintaan tiket, alokasi armada, dan optimasi rute perjalanan, untuk meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan memberikan layanan pelanggan yang lebih responsif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ERP merupakan solusi strategis untuk mendukung keberlanjutan dan daya saing perusahaan otobus di era digital.
The seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: December 2024

This paper elucidates the concept of dark energy and the acceleration of the universe through the quantization of space in hidden dimensions, which provides the foundation for gravitational force. Space-time is conceptualized as a four-dimensional elastic grid within a seven-dimensional universe, wherein matter expands concurrently with the universe. Each cube of the grid is considered a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, rendering the universe seven-dimensional. The phenomenon of dark energy is attributed to the electrostatic repulsion between Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space, and the corresponding energy density is correlated with the Hubble parameter H(z), which accounts for the accelerated expansion of the universe and the increase in the relative cosmological potential energy/rest mass of matter. The expansion of space-time is posited to result not from the creation of new space but from the stretching of existing space-time, analogous to an elastic ruler where proper length and volume remain constant. The relative values of the Planck constant, gravitational constant, permittivity of free space, and Boltzmann constant are demonstrated to vary due to the expansion or contraction of space in cosmological and gravitational frameworks but are compensated for by the proportional change in the rest mass. This theory also establishes a framework for the relativistic Newtonian theory of gravity, the respective MONDian (Modified Newtonian dynamics) gravity, identifies a rationale for the transition of Newtonian gravity to MOND at a0, and elucidates the dynamics of galaxy clusters without invoking dark matter.
The Political Economy of Transitions
Authors: Newell Peter , Bhatia Parth
Published: December 2024

In the study of socio-technical transitions there has been increasing attention to questions of politics and governance. We suggest here, however, that significant scope remains to strengthen accounts which centre relations of power in seeking to understand who wins, who loses, how and why from prevailing governance arrangements and social-technical configurations. Diverse political economy approaches can be refined and adapted to shed important light on the ways in which dominant socio-technical configurations reflect broader social and economic relations in society, just as disruptions associated with transitions can shift the power relations that political economy accounts seek to explain. We use the case of India's energy transition to empirically illustrate dynamics of power between and across federal jurisdictions, distributional conflicts over material resources and state revenues, and conflicts between producer coalitions which impact the speed and inclusivity of sustainability transitions. Finally, the chapter discusses future research directions, emphasizing the need to account for different forms of state power, justice implications, the intersection of global and local political economies, the integration of ecological perspectives, and approaches to the everyday expressions of power in knowledge, cultures and ideologies.
Determination of Compassion Fatigue and Work Volition of Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units During COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Şahin Fatma , Göktaş Sonay , Gezginci Akpınar Elif
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to determine the compassion fatigue and work volition of nurses working in the intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 308 nurses working in the COVID-19 intensive care units of the pandemic hospitals affiliated with the Ministry of Health in the Istanbul province, Turkey, between February and May 2021. Data were obtained using the Personal Characteristics Form, the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale and the Work Volition Scale. The obtained data were asses with the SPSS 22.0 statistical program.
Results: It was determined that the mean age of the nurses participating in the study was 30.32±10 years; 80.2% were female, and 23.4% had been working for 1-3 years. The compassion fatigue total mean score was 79.91±25.04, while the work volition total mean score average was 50.28±10.65, which was found to be moderate. In the nurses' compassion fatigue sub-dimensions, the mean for occupational burnout was 49.12±15.61, and the secondary trauma mean was 30.78±10.92. A weak positive correlation was found between the nurses' compassion fatigue and work volition total scores (r= 0.235, p
Efficiency of cultivation of timothy grass for seeds in cover crops
Authors: Zolotarev Vladimir , Trukhan Olga
Published: December 2024

Timothy grass is the most common crop among perennial cereal grasses. Since 2019, a new variety of timothy grass VIK 911 has been registered in the State Register, which requires the development of a technology for its cultivation for seeds. Timothy grass is a spring-winter species by its development type and tolerates moderate shading well in the first year of life, which makes it possible to sow it under the cover of other crops. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative assessment of various cover crops for timothy grass when cultivating it for seeds in the conditions of the Central Non-Black Earth Region. Comparative assessment of cover crops of zoned varieties with seeding rates reduced by 25–30%: spring barley Zazerskiy 85, spring oats Skakun, white mustard Lugovskaya, tansy-leaved phacelia Ryazanskaya, spring vetch Lugovskaya 24, annual ryegrass Rapid revealed different complementarities of their interaction and influence on the formation of the seed stand structure of timothy. The best development of juvenile timothy plants occurred under the cover of barley, vetch-oat mixture for green fodder in the ratio of components 1:3, phacelia and white mustard. When cultivating timothy under the cover of these crops, the yield of its seeds from the grass stands of the first year use was 467–490 kg/ha against 476 kg/ha from coverless spring sowings. In the second year of use, the yield of timothy grass seeds after the effect of cover crops, with the exception of a vetch-oat mixture for green fodder with a component ratio of 1:1, was in the same confidence interval of 531–556 kg/ha versus 546 kg/ha from coverless crops.
Interview with Jason Gardner and Giovanni Kezich about We the Spirits
Authors: Snyder Andrew , Gardner Jason , Kezich Giovanni
Published: December 2024

This interview discusses the book We the Spirits, by award-winning photographer Jason Gardner, published in 2024 by GOST Books. The book is an assemblage of arresting photographs of masquerade characters from fifteen countries, mostly but not exclusively in Europe. Many of the masking traditions Gardner documents are associated with traditions of rural small towns and cities little known beyond their locales and are mostly connected to the pre-Lenten festive period of carnival. The interview contains Gardner’s reflections on the pleasures, challenges, and ethics of photographing masqueraders, and it features several photos from the book, four of which are discussed at length. The interview also contains the perspectives of anthropologist Giovanni Kezich, who wrote an accompanying essay for the book and was an important academic interlocutor for the book’s preparation. His research project, Carnival King of Europe (www.carnivalkingofeurope.it), has been funded by the European Union and has documented carnival manifestations from around the continent since 2007. The book is available at Gardner’s website. The interview was conducted by Journal of Festive Studies coeditor, Andrew Snyder.
Canboulay and the Negre Jardin
Authors: Patrick Murphy
Published: December 2024

Coming to terms with Trinidadian Carnival means dealing not only with its current manifestations but also with its often fraught history linked to imperialism and enslavement. A Catholic festivity, Carnival’s development is linked not only to European influences but also to African traditions and black-based activities that developed on the island prior to emancipation (1838). This article traces two such developments: Canboulay, a work procession carried out by the enslaved, which turned celebratory after abolition; and the negre jardin, the field laborer and also a Carnival character stereotyped by the elites, who was refurbished by black revelers after emancipation. The period analyzed is between the Spanish Cédula de Población of 1783, which spurred massive immigration, and the Canboulay Riots of 1881, which decisively contributed to Canboulay’s extinction. Although Canboulay was originally a procession linked to the recruitment of enslaved workers from multiple estates to labor on sugar plantations—or, at times, a form of enslaved rebellion—after emancipation, Canboulay shifted into a city-wide procession in which bands of revelers claimed the streets during Carnival. Similarly, if at first the negre jardin had been mockingly portrayed by the elites in their pre-emancipation celebrations, in the post-emancipation Carnival the figure reconfigured himself into a street-claiming character who marched through Port of Spain. Although both Canboulay and the negre jardin retained foundational characteristics of their pre-emancipation iterations—a necessary part of either manifestation—they also morphed into urban displays, tools for urban territorial takeovers, and cultural expressions that brought together Trinidadians through communal bonds.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN
Authors: Putry Santi Eka , Ratnasari Fina
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris terdapat pengaruh independensi Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada perusahaan subsektor Industri Food and Baverages yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2018- 2022 Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 14 perusahaan subsektor industri Food and Baverages yang ditentukan berdasarkan metode Purposive Sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda uji statistik deskriptif, analisis model regresi data panel, uji pemilihan model yang terpilih Random Effect Model, uji asumsi klasik, uji linear berganda dan uji hipotesis dengan bantuan olah data statistik e- views version 12. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dan pada Uji t menyatakan bahwa Struktur Modal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja Keuangan, Pada variabel Ukuran Perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Keuangan, pada variabel Pertumbuhan Penjualan tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Keuangan.
PENGARUH RELIGIUSITAS, GENDER, DAN LOVE OF MONEY TERHADAP PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERKAIT PENGGELAPAN PAJAK
Authors: Maulana Gunawan Farhan , Purwasih Desy
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Religiosity, Gender and Love of Money on Student Perceptions Related to Tax Evasion. This type of research is a quantitative research with primary data sources. The population in this study is Pamulang University students with the Accounting Study Program with a Concentration in Taxation. The sample selection method used in this study was convenience sampling so that the final sample obtained was 94 students and rounded to 100 students. The data quality test was carried out using a validity and reliability test and using IBM SPSS25, after which a classical assumption test was carried out, namely a normality test, a multicollinearita test and a heteroscedasticity test, after which a hypothesis test was carried out. The results of this study show that Religiosity, Gender and Love of Money simultaneously affect Student Perception Related to Tax Evasion. It partially shows that Love of Money has an effect on Student Perception Related to Tax Evasion. As for Religiosity and Gender, it does not affect Student Perception Related to Tax Evasion carried out on students of Pamulang University Accounting Study Program with Tax Concentration.
Keywords: Student Perception Related to Tax Evasion, Religiosity, Gender, Love of Money
Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan, Sales growth dan Struktur modal terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Meliana Nila Ade , Azzahra Khoirunnisa
Published: December 2024

This research aims to provide emprical evidence that there is an influence of the Managerial Ownership Structure, Institusional Ownership Structure, Sales Growth and Capital Structure on Company Value in preoperties and real estate sector companes listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018 – 2022 period. The number of research samples was 18 companies in the properties and real estate sector based on the purposive sampling method. The methode used in multiple linear regression, descriptive statistical test, panel data regression model analysis, the selected model selection rest is the Random Effect Model (REM), classical assumption test, multiple linear test and hypothesis testing with the help of e-views version 12 statistical data processing. The result of this research show that simultaneousy Managerial Ownership Structure, Institusional Ownership Structure, Sales Growth and Capital Structure have influence Company Value. Partially state that the Managerial Ownership Structure has an effect on Campany Value. The Institusional Ownership Structure has no effect on Company Value. Institusional Ownership Structure has no effect on Company Value. Sales Growth has no effect on Company Value, and the Capital Structure variable has no effect on Company Value.
The vernacular cultural landscape in traditional villages: global hotspots, emerging trends, and a case study of China’s Qilu cultural district
Authors: Pan Zhao , Chen Yile , Huang Yuhao , Zheng Liang
Published: December 2024

China’s rapid economic development has brought challenges to traditional villages, which carry the characteristics of Chinese civilization and traditional culture. Protecting traditional villages is of enormous significance. As a representative of Qilu Cultural District, Shandong has many national-level traditional villages, but some areas lack research on traditional villages and related local cultural landscapes due to various reasons. This study was divided into two parts. First, CiteSpace 6.1.R6 and VOSviewer1.6 software were used to perform a visual bibliometric analysis of the vernacular cultural landscape. Then, China’s Qilu Cultural District (Shandong Province) was taken as a typical case; the literature was read carefully, and an in-depth qualitative analysis was carried out in the research context of the vernacular cultural landscape. This study found that the United States, the United Kingdom, and China have outstanding research results in this field, and the directions of the research have gradually diversified from the early focus on rural and agricultural environments to the later focus on cultural landscape protection, management, and sustainable development. By taking Shandong as an example, the study of traditional villages takes the year 2000 as the starting point and involves architecture, archaeology, culture, and other fields. The architectural field primarily concentrates on the spatial layout, where cultural protection emphasizes the integration of sustainable development using scientific and technological methods, and cultural tourism grapples with the issue of homogenization. Future research needs to improve the literature database, consider local Chinese characteristics, and establish an independent literature database for multidimensional, multifaceted, and cross-cultural research. The direction and focus of this research provide methods and references for subsequent research.
Soluble CD52 mediates immune suppression by human seminal fluid
Authors: Harrison Leonard C. , Stone Natalie L. , Bandala-Sanchez Esther , Huntington Nicholas D. , McLachlan Robert I. , Rautela Jai , O’Bryan Moira K.
Published: December 2024

Seminal fluid provides for the carriage and nutrition of sperm, but also modulates immunity to prevent allo-rejection of sperm by the female. Immune suppression by seminal fluid has been associated with extracellular vesicles, originally termed prostasomes, which contain CD52, a glycosylated glycophosphoinositol-anchored peptide released from testicular epithelial cells. Previously, we reported that human T cell-derived CD52, bound to the danger-associated molecular pattern protein, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), suppresses T cell function via the inhibitory sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-10 (Siglec-10) receptor. Here we show that human seminal fluid contains high concentrations of CD52 complexed with HMGB1, which mediates T cell suppression indirectly via Siglec-7 on antigen-presenting cells. Proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells, which express Siglec-7 and play a key role in the immune defence of the uterus, was directly suppressed by seminal fluid CD52. These findings elucidate a critical function of seminal fluid to suppress cellular immunity and facilitate reproduction.
T cell metabolism in kidney immune homeostasis
Authors: Liu Zikang , Dai Binbin , Bao Jiwen , Pan Yangbin
Published: December 2024

Kidney immune homeostasis is intricately linked to T cells. Inappropriate differentiation, activation, and effector functions of T cells lead to a spectrum of kidney disease. While executing immune functions, T cells undergo a series of metabolic rewiring to meet the rapid energy demand. The key enzymes and metabolites involved in T cell metabolism metabolically and epigenetically modulate T cells' differentiation, activation, and effector functions, thereby being capable of modulating kidney immune homeostasis. In this review, we first summarize the latest advancements in T cell immunometabolism. Second, we outline the alterations in the renal microenvironment under certain kidney disease conditions. Ultimately, we highlight the metabolic modulation of T cells within kidney immune homeostasis, which may shed light on new strategies for treating kidney disease.
Developing a novel transitional care model for older emergency department patients and exploring the target population in Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Hung-Lin , Ho Chung-Han , Lin Ying-Jia , Tsai Kang-Ting , Yang Pei-Chi , Hsu Shu-Lien , Peng An-Chi , Hsu Chien-Chin , Ho Sam Yu-Chieh , Huang Chien-Cheng
Published: December 2024

Aim

Transitional care in the emergency department (ED) has the potential to improve outcomes for older patients, but the specific population benefits from it and impact in Taiwan remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study.

Methods

An interdisciplinary team comprising emergency physicians, dedicated transitional care nurse (TCN), nurse practitioners, nurses, geriatricians, and social workers was established at a tertiary medical center. TCN conducted screenings of ED patients (≥75 years) awaiting hospitalization to identify those in need of social or care support and aid as required. The team held regular meetings to address transitional care challenges. A retrospective analysis was conducted, comparing patients who received transitional care with those who did not, between February 1, 2022, and October 31, 2022, followed by a three-month outcome assessment.

Results

We successfully implemented a novel ED transitional care model, involving 183 patients with TCN assistance and 374 patients without. Compared to patients without TCN, those with TCN were older, had more underlying comorbidities, required more nasogastric feeding and Foley indwelling, and had higher rates of hospice and palliative care. The common needs for TCN included providing home care instructions to a foreign caregiver (38.4%), long-term care referral (30.0%), care instructions for family members of older adults in long-term care facilities (26.3%), social worker referral (3.2%), and home healthcare referral (2.1%). Follow-up analysis showed no significant outcome differences between the two cohorts.

Conclusion

The model we implemented identified the population benefiting from this service. Despite the frailty of patients receiving TCN, their outcomes were not inferior, suggesting the potential benefits of TCN for this population. Further research is warranted.
Mycorrhizal extraradical mycelium can reduce cadmium uptake by maize and cadmium leaching from contaminated soil: based on an in-growth core experiment
Authors: Yang Yijie , Li Yang , Li Xiaoyi , Yan Jie , Wu Longhua , Tang Zhenwu , He Yongmei , Zhan Fangdong
Published: December 2024

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are commonly found in heavy metal-contaminated environments and form extraradical mycelium (ERM), but knowledge of their ecological functions is limited. In the present study, a soil column was filled with sterilized cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil and contained an in-growth core for AMF-inoculated maize seedling growth. The in-growth core was static to maintain or rotated to disrupt ERM growth. Compared with the static treatment, the rotation treatment caused significant decreases in the content of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), the photosynthetic physiology of leaves, and maize growth, while increasing the Cd content in shoots and roots by 64 and 82%, respectively; additionally, the rotation treatment resulted in increases in the Cd concentration of the soil solution inside and outside the growth core by 30–38 and 17–52%, respectively, and Cd leaching loss by 29–39%. Moreover, the rotation treatment significantly altered the Cd forms in the soil solution and leachate, increasing the proportion of free Cd2+ by 0.8–2.1% and decreasing the proportions of CdSO4(aq) and CdOH+ by 6.1–56.1% and 26.1–48.7%, respectively. The structural equation model indicated that AMF directly and indirectly reduced maize Cd uptake and Cd leaching loss by decreasing Cd availability in the soil and soil solution through the GRSP secreted by ERM. Thus, AMF plays a crucial role in inhibiting Cd migration in soil through mycelial exudates.
Advances in the isolation and characterization of milk-derived extracellular vesicles and their functions
Authors: Di Shujuan , Huang Yibo , Qiao Weicang , Zhang Xiaomei , Wang Yaling , Zhang Minghui , Fu Jieyu , Zhao Junying , Chen Lijun
Published: December 2024

Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have various functions, including immune regulation and promoting intestinal development. These EVs have substantial potential for application in infant formula and functional foods development. In addition, numerous studies have shown that milk-derived EVs carry proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids away from their parental cells, acting as messengers between cells. Moreover, structural integrity and biological viability are necessary prerequisites for the functional and omics studies of milk-derived EVs. Therefore, selecting appropriate methods for isolating and characterizing milk-derived EVs is essential for subsequent studies. Accordingly, this review summarizes the isolation and characterization methods for milk-derived EVs and their biological functions and roles. Furthermore, it discusses the comprehensive application of isolation methods, providing a reference for research on and development of milk-derived EVs.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of combining lenalidomide with R-CHOP for treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in China
Authors: Li Rongqi , Zeng Yuhan , Chen Yizhang , Ye Zhongjiang , Chen Chuang , Yang Jianhui , Fu Jing , Zhou Tao , Jiang Danna , Qin Sunting , Ye Haige , Zhou Ziye , Zhang Xiuhua
Published: December 2024

Background

Lenalidomide is a thalidomide analog that has immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic properties. The ECOC-ACRIN E1412 Phase II trial demonstrated that lenalidomide, when combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), extended survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of combining lenalidomide with R-CHOP (R2-CHOP) versus R-CHOP alone as the initial treatment for DLBCL from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Methods

We developed a 5-year partitioned survival model to compare the cost-effectiveness of R2-CHOP versus R-CHOP alone. The clinical data came from the ECOG-ACRIN E1412 clinical trial. The costs of drugs and examinations were obtained from publicly available Chinese medical databases and literatures. Model robustness was assessed by sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis. And subgroup analysis was also performed. Key outcomes include total cost, quality-adjusted life years, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

Results

Over a 5-year time horizon, the basic analysis results of the partitioned survival model showed that the ICER of $35,159.06 per QALY for R2-CHOP compared to R-CHOP. Deterministic sensitivity analysis revealed that the price of lenalidomide is the main factor affecting cost-effectiveness. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated a 67.9% chance of lenalidomide plus R-CHOP being cost-effective at the willingness-to-pay threshold, compared to R-CHOP alone. Scenario analysis showed R2-CHOP scenarios to be cost-effective for 10–30 years. And subgroup analysis showed that treating activated B cell-like type DLBCL with R2-CHOP was more cost-effective.

Conclusion

In the Chinese healthcare system, R2-CHOP is a cost-effective approach for DLBCL compared to R-CHOP, but the costs of lenalidomide and rituximab warrant attention.
Characterization of the key aroma compounds in cigar filler tobacco leaves from different production regions
Authors: Jiang Chenxi , Lv Jinxiong , Ji Lingbo , An Hongyue , Yang Mingxuan , Huang Yang , Liu Lulu , Jiang Zhongrong , Xu Xiujuan , Hu Jun
Published: December 2024

Cigar tobacco leaves exhibited distinct regional characteristics, and aroma compounds were the key substances determining the different style features of cigars. However, the differences in aroma characteristics and the mechanisms of key aroma compound synthesis have not been fully elucidated. This study collected filler tobacco leaves (FTLs) from 5 representative domestic and international production regions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified aroma compounds, an aroma wheel was established based on odor activity values (OAV), and principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed major differences. Synthesis pathways of key differential components were further explored using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). In this study, 56 aroma compounds were identified in FTLs. Imported-FTLs (IMP-FTLs) contained higher levels of ketones and esters, along with moderate nicotine content, and exhibited a more noticeable sour and woody aroma. In contrast, Domestic-FTLs (DOM-FTLs) had a greater distribution of aldehydes, phenols, and neophytadiene, presenting a more prominent bean, burnt-sweet, and floral aroma. Nine compounds, including sclareol, 5-methylfurfural, and (E)-5-isopropyl-8-methylnona-6,8-dien-2-one, were identified as key differential components, and their synthesis primarily involves pathways such as phenylalanine metabolism and carotenoid biosynthesis. These findings provided a novel perspective on the targeted enhancement of key aroma compounds, which was significant for improving the aroma quality of filler tobacco leaves.
UV-B induced flavonoid accumulation and related gene expression in blue- grained wheat at different periods of time
Authors: Li Li , Jiang Guofei , Li Hanxue , Liu Junna , Zhang Ping , Wang Qianchao , Huang Liubin , Zhang Shan , Wang Xuqin , Zhang Lingyuan , Bai Yutao , Qin Peng
Published: December 2024

Introduction

UV-B can be used as an additional technique for nutrient accumulation in blue-grained wheat, which has special nutritional properties due to its blue starch layer. The concentration of flavonoids in blue-grained wheat under UV-B irradiation is extremely important for further investigation and exploitation of the nutritional properties of blue-grained wheat.

Methods

This investigation focuses on the expression of flavonoids and associated genes in blue-grained wheat using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyzes.

Results

The metabolome revealed 1846 compounds and 340 flavonoids after UV-B irradiation. Under UV-B irradiation, the amount of flavonoid metabolites decreased over time, but flavones and flavanols increased, and flavones and flavanols were more diverse and abundant. The content of some flavonoids of blue-grain wheat in period 2 was significantly higher under UV-B irradiation than its check and other periods of different treatments. There are 42344 differentially expressed genes identified from transcriptomic analysis, including 151 genes associated with the flavonoid pathway. The genes for the enzymes FLS, ANR, HCT, CYP75A and CYP73A are more abundant, with F3H and FLS showing higher expression levels.

Discussion

The expression of these genes decreased after early UV-B irradiation, but increased later. In the joint WGCNA study of the two groups, the FLS enzyme gene LOC123125079 plays an important role in the response of blue-grained wheat to UV-B irradiation. Our findings help to identify essential genes and processes that allow blue-grained wheat to respond appropriately to UV-B irradiation, which is critical for the accumulation of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds in colored wheat, maximising its nutritional properties.