bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact Of Combined Lumbar Traction with Cervical Traction in Chronic Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Et. al. Al-Qudah,
Published: April 2021

Traction Is Part Of The Evidence Based Manual Physical Therapy Management Due To Its Mechanical Nature. The Efficacy Of Lumbar Traction (Lt) Has Been Established, Lt As The Most Used Method Of Spinal Decompression Therapy (Sdt) Reduces The Intradiscal Pressure And Vertically Increases The Intervertebral Space And Restore Disc Height Allowing Nutrients And Oxygen Supply To The Disc. While Lt Had Recently Been Used As A Conservative Treatment For Chronic Lumbar Disc Herniation (Cldh), Combined Lumbar Traction With Cervical Traction (Cltct) As One Intervention Which Has Been Suggested By (Al-Qudah, M.K) Was Used As A Part Of Rehabilitative Program In Patients With Cldh. Therefore, The Effectiveness Of Cltct Separately At Any Other Interventions Remains Absolutely Unclear And Uncertain.

Objective: The Aim Of The Presented Work Is To Identify The Effectiveness Of Cltct [(Positional Sustained Lumbar Traction (Pslt) Combined With Mechanical Sustained Cervical Traction (Msct) As One Intervention] On Patients With Moderate (L4-L5) (L5-S1) Cldh, And To Compare Cltct With Traditional Mechanical Lumbar Traction (Mlt).

Methods: In This Study, Twelve Outdoor Male Patients Diagnosed With Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri), Had Accepted To Participate The Study. They Were Chosen From Al-Karak Governmental Hospital, From 20th Of December To 1st February 2021. Subjects Were Divided Randomly In To Two Groups, Experimental Group (N=6) Performed Cupping Massage (Cm), Cltct And Core Stabilization Exercise (Cse), While The Control Group (N=6) Performed Cm, Mlt And Cse. All Subjects Were Advised To   Perform The Cse Three Times Daily As A Home Program In Addition To One Set During Each Session Under The Therapist Supervision. All Subjects Had Exposed (18) Sessions For (6) Weeks. The Results Were Analyzed Using The Spss System.

Results: Indicates That There Was Statistically Significant Difference Between The Pre And Post Measurements In Both Groups In Favor Of The Post Measurements In Term Of Pain And Disability. Also Results Indicate That There Was Statistically Significant Difference Between The Groups In Favor Of Experimental Group.

Conclusions: The Present Study Demonstrates That The Use Of Cltct Has A Positive Effect On Patients With Cldh More Than Mlt.
CFD Analysis and Electrical Efficiency Improvement of a Hybrid PV/T Panel Cooled by Forced Air Circulation
Authors: Et. al. Alok Kumar Singh,
Published: April 2021

Renewable energy sources are becoming more and more popular, regarding the pollution and non-sustainability of common energy sources. The study mainly focused on the improvement of the PV collector performance by using ANSYS fluent.  The design of the fin will change according to the previous study. In the current study, we will increase the thermal contact area of the fin by changing the design of the fin. The change in the design of the fin will increase the total heat transfer and efficiency of the system. It concluded that with better-designed fin arrangements, the required fan speed could be lowered for any number of fins or similar results could be obtained with fewer fins. On the other hand, since the power required by the PV-powered fan will also decrease with fewer fins and at lower air velocities, the total efficiency obtained from the PV system will also increase.
Balanced Academic Curriculum: Looking For An Optimal Solution With Metaheuristics And Functional Programming
Authors: Et. al. José Miguel Rubio,
Published: April 2021

The curriculum design is quite a challenge in the academy, mainly because it requires an adequate distribution of content for the development of the expected professional competencies regarding the available time, the necessary academic load, and their gradual progress in the higher educational institutions. Considering the above, the main objective of this work is to present and exemplify a computational solution to minimize the cost of designing curriculum plans using bio-inspired algorithms to automate and reduce errors in such a process. Specifically, the purpose of this research focuses on solving the Curriculum Mesh Balancing (BACP) problem through metaheuristic optimization based on the behavior or algorithm of fireflies and the use of functional programming in the Haskell lang curricular meshes, rolling of curricular meshes, metaheuristics; firefly algorithm, functional programming in Haskell programming language. The firefly algorithm will be applied to a set of test instances to demonstrate its effectiveness. According to the obtained results, this proposal allows the efficient gathering of solutions to the problem under study.
Comparison Of Pragmatic Value Of Antithesis In Fiction Texts
Authors: Et. al. Ruzibaeva Nigorakhon Raximovna,
Published: April 2021

This article outlines the pragmatic features of antithesis in literary texts and is analyzed using examples from English and Uzbek fiction. It can be said that pragmatics is the semantics of language in action and the totality of conditions that accompany the use of a language sign. Antithesis is a stylistic device that is created by presenting opposite meaning words. Its provision is mostly seen in literary texts and the texts of fictions are of high importance to investigate thoroughly
The Effect Of The Flipped Classroom On Nursing Students’ Learning And Motivation Outcomes In Health Education
Authors: Et. al. Mouna Hannaoui,
Published: April 2021

As contemporary society evolves, the technological revolution increasingly requires higher education institutions to adopt innovative strategies instead of traditional teaching. Improving the training of health professions in innovative teaching strategies would help prepare future nurses for professionalization. Therefore, the flipped classroom is one of the active educational approaches that has been shown to be effective on nursing students’ outcomes and motivation.

Our study, spread over two years from 2018 to 2020, is a quantitative experimental pilot study, which aims to examine the effect of the flipped classroom on nursing students’ learning and motivation outcomes in health education of undergraduate nursing students of the ‘Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques’ (ISPITS).

We used two tests, knowledge test and motivation test. The control group consisted of 15 students against 17 students from the experimental group. The experiment lasted three months.

Our results showed a statistically highly significant (p<0.0001) increase (p<0.0001) in the grades and motivation levels of students in the experimental group. We point out that our experience coincided with the COVIC-19 pandemic which forced distance learning.

According to our results, The flipped classroom could be an effective way to enhance the learning of nursing students and improve their motivation for knowledge to teach health sciencess
Online Education Skills of Teachers: Four Axes of Gaps
Authors: TUNCAY Nazime
Published: April 2021

There is a diversity in the teachers’ digital capabilities of online education skills and many research related this for decades. According to the literature review teachers were being discriminated based on numerous gaps. This paper seeks to assess the existence of gaps of teachers’ online education skills in the four axes: access, age, gender, and language. A research was carried out through an online questionnaire and the results of technology-based online education skills; web-based online education skills, and administrative online education skills were analysed statistically. There was a significant digital convergence among the teachers surveyed, which is important for their ability to deliver effective online courses. To bridge these gaps in the educational world of teachers, in-service training plans should be made, collaboratively with the online education experts and technology experts. This research study has some significant results compared to the studies delivered in the last decade.
Hypertension and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care centre in South India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kambar Sanjay
Published: April 2021

Hypertension (HTN) is a serious risk factor for cardio-vascular disease which is the leading cause of mortality among type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. There is insufficient data regarding prevalence of hypertension among T2DM patients. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among T2DM patients attending the preventive diabetes clinic at KLEs Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belagavi.

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 done among 522 T2DM patients who presented to the preventive diabetes clinic. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant.

There were 522 participants with a mean age of 49.81 ± 9.53. Three hundred and sixty-nine (70.7%) of the study participants were 40 years old and above. The prevalence of hypertension among T2DM was 57.7%. The majority (41.8%) of hypertensive patients were stage 1. Age, education status, BMI and tobacco use were signiﬁcantly associated with HTN in the multivariable analysis.

The prevalence of hypertension was high. Patients who are both hypertensive and diabetic are at an increased risk of cardio-vascular disease. Health screening and health promotion will ensure that the patients are prudent regarding their health.
The pattern of alpha-fetoprotein, CD4+ count, albumin, AST, ALT and ALP in HIV subjects on long term antiretroviral therapy in Nauth Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezeugwunne I P , Ogbodo E C , Analike R A , Nnamdi J C , Iwuji J C , Obi-Ezeani C N , Amah A K , Odumodu I O , Onyenekwe C C
Published: April 2021

This study determined the pattern of alpha-fetoprotein, CD4 count, albumin, AST, ALT and ALP in HIV positive subjects on long term antiretroviral therapy in NAUTH Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of ninety six (96) participants who were aged between 18 and 60 years attending the voluntary counseling and testing unit (VCT) and antiretroviral therapy unit (ART) of NnamdiAzikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi were randomly recruited for the study and grouped based on WHO criteria for HIV staging. Six millilitres (6mls) of blood sample were collected from each of the participants in each group and dispensed into EDTA and plain containers in appropriate volumes for the determination of the alpha fetoprotein (AFP), albumin (ALB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and CD4+ count using standard laboratory methods. Results revealed no statistically significant differences in mean AFP levels, AST and ALP activities when compared between HIV positive participants on long term ART, short term ART, and HIV positive subjects not on ART and control groups respectively (p>0.05). Serum albumin concentration and ALT was not significantly different in HIV positive participants on long term ART than in those on short term ART (p>0.05) although serum albumin levels were significantly higher in HIV participants on long term ART and short term ART than in HIV positive subjects not on ART in each case (p<0.05) but was significantly lower in HIV positive participants not on ART compared to control subjects (p<0.05). CD4 count was significantly higher in HIV positive participants on long term ART when compared with those o short term ART and HIV positive participants not on ART respectively (p<0.05). Therefore, this study has shown improved immune recovery with no hepatotoxicity in HIV positive persons on long term duration of antiretroviral therapy. Importantly, hypoalbuminemia existed among HIV positive subjects not on ART which is suggestive of further progression of the disease.
One minute paper: The reflective way to teach and learn in medical education
Authors: Taywade Manish , Sahoo Bimal Kumar
Published: April 2021

One minute Paper is the quick and simple classroom assessment tool. It is benefited to both students and teacher to understand the must know learning points. This tool was applied to the undergraduate students to assess the understanding on the content of lecture as per learning objective, their feedback and perception on one minute paper. At the end of the session, one minute given to answer -What are the most important things you learned today from lecture? What question (s) do you still have in your mind? and Is there anything you did not understand? More than 90 percent were responded for one minute paper. Sixty eight percent of the students appreciated that it was done nicely and fairly done. Thirty two of the students perceived the technique of one minute paper utilization as learner centred and 11.6% as thinking centred. Few apparent responses that were obtained were the liberty to ask questions (15.9%), better understanding of the topic (26.1%) and mutually beneficial (15.9%). One minute paper is an inexpensive, instant, insightful and informative classroom assessment tool. Involvement of students in the teaching learning process with active participation were the learning outcome. The writing activity in the form of one minute paper focused the students to give their thoughts, perspective and pinpoint their questions before leaving the class.
Yaşar Kemal’in ‘Yer Demir Gök Bakır’ Adlı Romanın Türkçeden Arapçaya Çevirisindeki Deyimlerin Eşdeğerlik Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: ASLAN Fatma Betül
Published: April 2021

Kişilerin bulundukları coğrafi özellikler, gelenek ve görenekleri, dini inanışları kültürü meydana getirmiştir. Kültür bir milletin biriktirdiği değerler bütünüdür. Hayatın her alanında kişiler arası iletişimi sağlayan dil, kültürün bir parçasıdır.
Kültürün yansımalarının görüldüğü dilin vazgeçilmez parçası deyimler ise dilde önemli yeri olan söz varlıklarıdır. Bir ifadeyi öz bir şekilde anlatmayı hedefleyen deyimlerin sayısı dilin zenginliğinin göstergesidir Bu nedenle bir dilin yapıtaşlarından olan kalıplaşmış ifade biçimi deyimler, çevirmenler için çeviride zorluk oluşturabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yaşar Kemal’in ‘Yer Demir Gök Bakır’ adlı romanı ile Arapça çevirisinde yer alan deyimleri eşdeğerlik bağlamında inceleyip, çeviride hangi deyimin/ifadenin hangi deyim/ifade yerine kullanıldığını göz önüne sermektir. Çalışmada deyimler Mona Baker’ın eşdeğerlik stratejileri temel alınarak karşılaştırma yapılmıştır.
Eğitimde Yeni Bir Perspektif: Bahçe Temelli Eğitim Yaklaşımı
Authors: TAŞÇI Gülşah , USBAŞ KAYA Hande , ÖNKOL BEKTAŞ F. Lemis
Published: April 2021

Günümüzde bahçe temelli eğitim yaklaşımına ilgi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bahçe temelli eğitim yaklaşımının teoriden pratiğe altını çizdiği nokta doğa ile eğitim ilişkisini bütünleştiren “yaparak yaşayarak öğrenmeye” yaptığı vurgudur. Dolayısıyla bu araştırmanın temel amacı bahçe temelli eğitim yaklaşımının felsefi ve teorik temellerine ilişkin bilgiler sunarak bu yaklaşıma eğitimde daha fazla yer verilmesine katkı sağlamaktır. Bu bağlamda, bahçe temelli eğitim kavramı, bahçe temelli eğitim yaklaşımının felsefi ve teorik temelleri, tarihi arka planı, eğitime olan katkıları ve sürdürülebilirliğinde karşılaşılan zorluklar açıklanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Türkiye’de bahçe temelli eğitim yaklaşımının okul öncesi eğitimden yükseköğretim kademesine kadar eğitim programlarında teoriden uygulamaya yaygınlaştırılması gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada araştırmacılara, eğitimcilere ve eğitim politikalarının geliştirilmesi sürecinde yer alan uzmanlara yönelik öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Thomas Cole ve Sanatı
Authors: ÇETİN Ufuk
Published: April 2021

Thomas Cole, 1801’de İngiltere Lancashire Bolton’da doğmuş ve 1818’de ailesiyle birlikte Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne göç etmiş İngiliz kökenli bir manzara ressamıdır. Hudson River School olarak bilinen Amerika’nın 19. yüzyıldaki ilk manzara resim okulunun kurucusudur. Milli bir resim okulunun ortaya çıkmasını da sağlayarak insanlara çevre bilincini ve manzara resmini sanatı aracılığıyla tanıtmaya çalışmıştır. Çalışmaları 19. yüzyıl Amerikası’nda yaşanan hızlı teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak insanlığın adeta eskiyi kaybederek ve kendi öz değerlerinden uzaklaştığına vurgu yapar gibidir. Ressamlığının yanı sıra yazar ve şair olarak da pek çok çalışmaya imza atmıştır. Amerikalılara bir İngiliz olarak sahip oldukları vahşi güzellikleri ve resim sanatlarını önemsemeyi hatırlatan bir yabancı ressamdır.
“İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân” ve “Meʿâni’l-Kur’ân” Eserleri Bağlamında Ebû Caʿfer en-Nehhâs’ın Tefsir Metodu ve Kur’ân İlimlerine Yaklaşımı
Authors: KARAALP Cahit
Published: April 2021

Ebu Cafer en-Nehhâs, Meʿâni’l-Kur’ân ve İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân isimli eserlerinde tefsir ilminin temel konularını ustalıkla işleyerek Kur’ân’ı tefsir etmeye çalışmıştır. Kur’ân’ı i’rab açısından baştan sona sistematik bir şekilde değerlendiren ilk eser olması hasebiyle İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân tefsiri önem arz etmektedir. “İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân” tefsirinden önce kaleme alınan “Meani’l-Kur’ân” tefsiri günümüze tam hali ile gelmemiş olsa da “İrâbu’l-Kur’ân” tefsiri ile birbirini bütünler niteliktedir. Ülkemizde akademi dünyasında Nehhâs’ın tefsir metodolojisini konu alan kapsamlı bir çalışmanın olmaması bir de “İ’râbu’l-Kur’ân” ve “Meani’l-Kur’ân” tefsirleri hakkında çok az bir çalışmanın bulunması bizi bu konuda bir çalışma yapmaya sevk etmiştir. Makalemizde Ebu Cafer en-Nehhâs’ın tefsirci yönü üzerinde durmayı, metodolojisi hakkında bilgi vermeyi ve özgün taraflarını ortaya koymayı hedeflemekteyiz.
An Overview of Moral Disengagement in Consumer Studies
Authors: YAKUT Enis
Published: April 2021

Moral Disengagement is a collection of socio-cognitive mechanisms by which individuals detach themselves from ethical actions and participate in inhumane, abusive, damaging, or horrifying acts toward others without showing remorse and self-censure. Previous studies revealed the significant role of moral disengagement between individuals’ moral standards and their unethical actions. Moral disengagement mechanisms allow people to perform unethical behaviors they normally do not approve or are against their moral standards, however consumer perspective in previous studies are either omitted or quite limited. Therefore, in this study, a general outlook to consumer behavior studies is presented to understand the role of moral disengagement in varying contexts. A general discussion and future research avenues are also presented at the end.
The Pros and Cons of Business Intelligence Applications in Auditing
Authors: SALUR Mehmet Nuri , KATTAR Walaa Khoder
Published: April 2021

Businesses have changed dramatically in recent decades, with continuous advancements in new technology business-oriented strategies. Research has shown that the phenomenon that started with basic programming has now expanded to smart software tools that affect nearly all functions. Auditing is one of the functions affected by newly emerging technologies. This paper is based on a literature review that the pros and cons of applying business intelligence, which is an important emerging technology, in auditing. The results of the literature review have shown that the advantages of using business intelligence in auditing outweigh the disadvantages. Accordingly, the business intelligence system provides several benefits that are reflected as an opportunity to improve the performance of auditing functions.
SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYTICS LENS: A STUDY ON CONSUMER PERCEIVED RISK TO SHARE INFORMATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA NETWORKS
Authors: Ussama Majeed Muhammad , Mahmood Asif , Molnár Edina , Murtaza Shah Ali
Published: April 2021

Purpose of the study: This study focuses on understanding the potential unfavourable social media analytics practices (SMA) and how they may lead to the negative perception of consumer self-disclosure on social media sites and causing market discomfort for people. We also examined a framework regarding the SMA practices, and their impact on the customer’s trust to use social media networks.

Methodology: Data were collected from 527 social media users with the help of an online questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural equation modeling—PLS-SEM was used using SmartPLS to validate the questionnaire and measure the hypothesized relationships between the constructs.

Main Findings: The results show that perceived risk mediates the relationship between the perceived ethicality of social media analytics and the marketing discomfort of the consumers. Moreover, we also found that the negatively perceived ethicality of social media analytics leads to marketing discomfort of the consumers. This negative attitude impacts the consumer’s intention to purchase, interest in the product, and intention to be vulnerable toward the company.

Applications of this study: These findings have practical utility for all types of organizations that use social media. This study is general for all social media sites. This study also provides direction for future research, such as managing the personal information of the social media users from being used by the organizations without consumer permission and developing ethical standards to use the consumer information for the marketing strategies.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Social media analytics (SMA) gathered data from the social media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, and blogs, representing a massive room to utilize public data, and these lead towards the ethical concerns of the consumers. For this problem, we studied a complete framework to identify the major outcomes of the PESMA on the consumers' self-disclosure and marketing comfort.
Research on Human Resource Management for Telework Informatization under the Background of Epidemic Prevention
Authors: Lai Jingting
Published: April 2021

The Corona Virus Disease in 2019 will have a serious impact on the normal operation of various industries. Under the environment of resuming work and production and ensuring safety, remote online office has become a core option for the operation of various industries. At present, remote office has met a lot of troubles, such as information asymmetry, inefficiency, regulatory difficulties, communication barriers, weakened confidentiality, and so on. This article focuses on exploring the mechanism of human resource management in remote office informatization in the context of epidemic prevention and control, and proposes distance education innovation for employee training, big data transformation performance evaluation, and cloud computing. This article also focuses on solving the problems existed in the remote office. It suggests some useful and innovative human resource management paths. For example, improving data sharing, network optimization and remote collaborative office and others, all of them offer a good idea which provides human resource decision-making reference for the orderly resumption of work and production in various industries.
Value Analysis of Sports Industry Policy from the Perspective of National Governance
Authors: Huang Zhixiong
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, along with the concern of health of people, policy of our country’s sports industry is also in constant innovation and improvement. In order to better promote the development of China’s sports industry, since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the government has adjusted policies related to the sports industry, and made innovations and improvements. Standing on the perspective of governance, the government puts forward the more perfect policy system of sports industry. Countries should stand in the angle of the diversity on the perfection of sports industry policy, building the coordinated development of industry structure. This paper will focus on the value of sports industry policy from the perspective of national governance and analyze the relevant content.
Analysis of Regional Wage Difference in Labor Market Discrimination
Authors: Zhou Ziming , Bu Yiming , Gao Xiang
Published: April 2021

Based on geographical isolation, dual labor market and other factors, the development of China’s different regional economy has obvious characteristics of differentiation, which can be embodied in the phenomenon of “different salaries for the same work” and “different workers with the same salary”. In order to further analyze its influence, this paper analyzes the regional discrimination in the free labor market with the help of the multiple regression analysis model of regional wage and remuneration in economics, referring to the factors such as region, occupation, expenditure cost and labor market, and on the basis of studying the influence of labor market discrimination, wage difference and human resources on labor remuneration.
Enlightenment of Positive Psychology on Human Resource Management
Authors: Niu Yitong
Published: April 2021

This paper analyzes the concept and main ideas of positive psychology, discusses the theoretical basis of applying the principle of positive psychology to human resource management, analyzes the problems encountered in the development of modern enterprise organization from a practical point of view, and discusses its enlightenment to human resource management of enterprises. From how to establish enterprise culture and create a positive working environment for enterprise organization, to training enterprise employees, including employee recruitment, employee motivation, employee training and career planning. It has good practical value for the management and development of human resources in enterprises.
Cost Management of Retail Enterprises under the New Retail Format
Authors: Tang Chonghao
Published: April 2021

With the acceleration of the digitalization process, new retail is also emerging. With its convenient and flexible operation mode, new retail has become the trend of the current traditional retail industry transformation, and it is an inevitable choice for retail enterprises to achieve sustainable and healthy development. Based on the actual situation, this article analyzes some cost management problems which new retail enterprises are facing, and then proposes corresponding solutions to provide reference suggestions for the development of new retail enterprises.
Research on Personnel Training Mode of Business Administration Major Based on OBE
Authors: Liu Ting
Published: April 2021

The establishment of teaching and scientific literacy training for business administration majors in universities is not only related to the implementation quality and level of teaching for business administration majors in universities, but also has an important impact on the training of applied talents in China. In the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, we should not only explain theoretical knowledge in teaching, but also pay attention to the improvement of students’ practical ability and knowledge application ability, especially in higher vocational colleges, so as to provide high-quality talents for the development of various undertakings in China. Cultivating high-level and high-quality innovative talents is an important mission shouldered by colleges and universities, and it is also an urgent need of the development of the times. This paper draws lessons from the advanced educational idea of results-oriented education, and discusses how to improve the teaching quality, students’ professional skills and students’ adaptation to the future working environment through OBE (Outcome-Based Education) teaching mode, so as to find out a teaching mode that is more suitable for improving the professional core competence of college business administration students.
Research on the Application of Educational Incentive Mechanism in Class Management in Primary Schools
Authors: Tao Linzhi
Published: April 2021

Improving the level of primary school class management can effectively adapt to the development of modern basic education in China; as an efficient means of class management, educational incentives are effective for students’ academic progress, teacher professionalism, class management efficiency, friendly teacher-student relationship, and school innovation and development. There’s important meaning. Through the analysis of the current situation of the application of educational incentive mechanism in elementary school class management, in view of the problems of teachers who have not fully mastered the incentive mechanism, the incentive strategy does not meet the needs of students and the single incentive model, etc. It is proposed that re-education improves teachers’ comprehensive ability in class management, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude to strengthen communication between teachers and students, changing the way of thinking to promote the diversification of incentive methods.
A Brief Discussion on the Application of Contrastive Analysis Theory in English Phonetics Teaching
Authors: Li Sha
Published: April 2021

Contrastive analysis is an important theory in second language acquisition, which aims to compare the similarities and differences between the learner’s first language and the target language, so as to predict the difficulties in second language acquisition. Although the theory has its limitations, its role in second language acquisition is undeniable. Especially for English teachers, the transfer theory and Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement theory provide a lot of guidance for phonetics teaching.
Estrus Detection Methods in Dairy Animals- Advances and the Prospects: A Review
Authors: Madkar A.R. , Boro P. , Abdullah M.
Published: April 2021

Fertility over the past few decades is of serious concern in the dairy industry. Fertility of a dairy herd is determined by composite factors, which in turn depends upon effective management strategies. The reproductive potential of the animals need to be exploited to its maximum to achieve optimum production in a herd. The single most important factor that limits the establishment of pregnancy and survival of the embryo in dairy cattle and buffaloes and thereby reproductive efficiency of a herd is proper estrus detection, Pedometer or activity meter is a motion switches devices within which steps followed by animals are recorded. Activity meters can be attached to the neck or leg of cows and they may be read by a receiver and processed by computer in a milking parlour. By implementing automatic detection system, heat detection rates can be improved, for improving reproductive efficiency. The activity monitoring techniques can also be used to detect the silent ovulation which is helpful for improving efficiency and accuracy of estrus.
Evaluation of Wound Healing Following Wide Surgical Resection and Subdermal Skin Flap Reconstruction for Management of Soft Tissue Tumours in 20 Dogs
Authors: Kaur Jasleen , Devi N. Umeshwori , Mohindroo Jitender , Pathak Devendra , Gupta Kuldip
Published: April 2021

Background: Tumours in dogs are increasing day by day and the mainstay of treatment is surgery. Wide surgical resection of soft tissue tumour in dogs is mandatory to prevent recurrence but it leads to the formation of a large skin defect requiring skin reconstruction. Among the various skin reconstruction techniques, subdermal skin flap is a simple reconstruction technique which can be performed by harvesting full-thickness skin from the surrounding skin without using special instruments. The current study was aimed to evaluate the healing and recurrence of tumours in dogs after wide surgical resection of tumour and subdermal skin flap reconstruction. Methods: 20 dogs with soft tissue tumours presented to MSVH, GADVASU, Ludhiana, Punjab, during the period 2019-2020 were treated by wide surgical resection and subdermal skin flap technique. Routine clinico-physical, Hematobiochemical, Radiographic examinations, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology, Histopathology and Culture Sensitivity Test were performed. Different types of flap were created according to the location of tumour and availability of the loose skin and wound healing was evaluated and complications recorded. Result: Healing of subdermal flap was seen in 15 dogs (75%) while necrosis of subdermal flap was recorded in 5 dogs (25 %) of the cases of which 4 of them had mobility of flap base and were located in ventral abdomen (n=4) and limb (n=1). Overall tumour recurrence was recorded in 3 dogs (15%) which were located in limbs of which 2 dogs had lung metastasis and the tumours were malignant. It can be concluded that single pedicle advancement flaps for thoracic region; bipedicle advancement flap for thoracic and abdominal regions; rotational flaps for lateral thoracic region and transposition flap for proximal limb region are feasible skin reconstruction techniques for the repair of large skin defects in dogs.
Studies of Virulence Factors of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Avian Colibacillosis by In vitro Method and PCR
Authors: Singh Ayushi , Chhabra Daljeet , Gangil Rakhi , Sharda Rakesh , Sikrodia Ravi , Audarya Sachin
Published: April 2021

Background: Avian colibacillosis is considered as major cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry. It is a common bacterial disease of poultry and many virulence factors of E. coli are associated with the disease. The current study was aimed to investigate the presence of some virulence factors of E. coli isolated from the cases of colibacillosis. Methods: In present study, total 150 samples (liver, heart, lungs, air sacs and feaces) of chicken exhibiting pathological conditions of colibacillosis were collected from various poultry farms (organized and backyard) situated in and around Mhow and Indore cities. E.coli was isolated and identified from the samples on the basis of cultural characteristics and biochemical test. All E. coli isolates were further subjected to evaluate the presence of virulence factors such as biofilm production, haemolysis, invasiveness and molecular detection of fimH and stx1 gene. Result: Out of these 51.33% of incidence of E. coli was recorded. E. coli O84 and O149 serotypes were found most prevalent. Out of 77 isolates, 46 (59.7%) and 45 (58.4%) were positive for biofilm formation by tube method and modified CRA method, respectively. All E. coli isolates were showing invasiveness in congo red binding assay while none of the isolates was found haemolytic. Molecular detection revealed the presence of fimH (508bp) gene in 33.3% of tested samples while stx1 gene could not be detected in any isolates.
Gross Morphological and Light Microscopic Studies of the Spleen of Malayan Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus)
Authors: Kalita P.C. , Kalita A. , Choudhary O.P. , Doley P.J. , Debroy S. , Sarkar R.
Published: April 2021

Background: Bear specialist group recommended that the basic research on the Malayan sun bear is the highest priority need. Without such information, the establishment and implementation of scientifically-sound conservation plans is difficult. Therefore, present study was designed to provide information on gross morphological and light microscopic architecture of the spleen. Methods: The present study was conducted on the spleen of one Malayan sun bear. After doing the gross parameters the tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and were processed for light microscopic studies. Blocks were cut at 6μ thickness by Leica Semimotorized Rotary Microtome and stained by Harris’ haematoxylin and eosin for routine study. Result: The spleen of Malayan sun bear was located in the left hypogastric region and entirely intrathoracic as the stomach was almost empty. The parietal surface faces the diaphragm and left lateral abdominal wall, whereas the visceral surface was divided into gastric face and intestinal face by the ridge like hilus. The spleen of Malayan Sun Bear was surrounded by a thick connective tissue capsule invested by the peritoneum. The capsule, trabeculae and reticular fibers support the splenic parenchyma composed of a red pulp and a white pulp.
Weed Dynamics and Nutrient Uptake of Maize as Influenced by Different Weed Management Practices
Authors: Rani B. Sandhya , Chandrika V. , Reddy G. Prabhakara , Sudhakar P. , Nagamadhuri K.V. , Sagar G. Karuna
Published: April 2021

Background: Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most versatile and emerging food crop of global importance. Weeds are ubiquitous but their presence in wide spaced and initially slow growing crop like maize acts as an obstacle for plentiful harvest. Nutrient uptake by weeds during the first thirty days of maize growth was 59 kg N, 10 kg P2O5 and 59 kg K2O per ha, which was 7-10 times higher than the nutrient uptake by maize. Methods: The present field experiment was conducted during Rabi, 2018-19 under irrigated conditions at wetland farm of S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati andhra Pradesh, with ten treatments and three replications in a randomized block design. Result: Lower density and dry weight of weeds with higher weed control efficiency, lower nutrient uptake by weeds and higher nutrient up take by maize at 80 DAS, kernel and stover yield was recorded with hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS, which was statistically at par with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 or tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE or atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb HW at 30 DAS, while these were lowest with weedy check. Higher benefit cost ratio of maize was noticed with both atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 as PoE (T3), which was in parity with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE (T2) and hand weeding twice at 15 and 30 DAS (T9). From the present study it may be concluded that atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 or tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE were considered to be the most effective and economic weed management practices to increase the productivity of Rabi maize at times of labour scarcity.
Successful Interspecific hybridization between mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and ricebean (V. umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi)
Authors: Ujianto Lestari , Basuki Nur , . Kuswanto , Kasno Astanto
Published: April 2021

Successful interspecific hybridization between several cultivars of mungbean (Vigna radiata) and ricebean (V. umbellata) was achieved using mungbean as the female parent. Hybridization was not achieved if ricebean was used as the female parent. Seeds of hybrids were viable and grew and developed normally, producing viable seeds. The gene action of all observed quantitative characters was partially dominant, implying that it should be possible to produce stable hybrids. The progeny had desirable characteristics of both parents suggesting that interspecific hybridization of the two species could be used to produce a new, superior cultivar.
Assessing the Plant Growth-promoting Traits and Host Specificity of Endophytic Bacteria of Pulse Crops
Authors: Vendan R. Thamizh , Balachandar D.
Published: April 2021

Background: Symbiotic associations between legumes and Rhizobia are ancient and fundamental. However, the plant growth-promoting endophytes other than Rhizobia are not yet fully explored for pulses productivity. The present study was aimed to isolate efficient endophytic bacteria from pulses, assess their diversity, screen their plant growth-promoting activities and to test their potential as bio inoculants for pulses. Methods: We have isolated several endophytic bacteria from pulse crops more specifically from blackgram (Vigna mungo) and greengram (Vigna radiata). After careful screening, 15 promising endophytic isolates were selected for this study. The identification of endophytic bacterial isolates was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolates were tested for their potential for the plant growth-promoting traits such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid production, siderophore secretion and antifungal activity. Pot culture experiments were conducted with the screened potential endophytic cultures. Result: The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that species of Enterobacter, Bacillus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Acromobacter, Ocrobacterium were found as endophytes in blackgram and greengram. The in vitro screening identified Bacillus pumilus (BG-E6), Pseudomonas fluorescens (BG-E5) and Bacillus licheniformis (BG-E3) from blackgram and Pseudomonas chlororaphis (GG-E2) and Bacillus thuringiensis (GG-E7) from greengram as potential plant growth-promoting endophytes. These strains showed antagonism against plant pathogenic fungi. Upon inoculation of these endophytic PGPR strains, the blackgram and greengram growth and yield got increased. Among the strains, BG-E6 recorded 14.7% increased yield in blackgram and GG-E2 accounted for a 19.5% yield increase in greengram compared to respective uninoculated control. The experimental results showed that there was a host specificity found among the endophytic bacterial cultures with pulses. The cross inoculation of endophytic strains did not perform well to enhance the growth and yield of their alternate hosts.
Interspecific Hybridization Between Vigna radiata and Vigna mungo Towards the Broadening of Genetic Base for MYMV Disease Resistance and Generating Variability
Authors: Mahalingam A. , Manivannan N.
Published: April 2021

Background: The main cause for low yield in greengram is its susceptibility to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) which is the most prevalent and destructive viral pathogen cause 85% yield lose. Inter specific hybridization between Vigna radiata and Vigna mungo could be an alternate approach to develop MYMV resistant genotypes in greengram which leads to additional source of creating variability for desirable attributes including yield, nutritional quality, biotic and abiotic stresses. Methods: The present investigation was carried out at National Pulses Research Centre (NPRC), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vamban during 2016-2017. Interspecific hybridization has been effected between Vigna radiata var. VBN (Gg)2, VBN (Gg) 3 (as females) and Vigna mungo Var. Mash 114 (as male) during Summer 2016. The interspecific F1 hybrids, F2 and F3 populations were evaluated during Kharif 2016, Rabi 2016-17 and summer 2017 respectively. The F2 and F3 populations were evaluated for days to 1st flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of branches / plant, number of clusters / plant, number of pods / clusters, pod length (cm), number of seeds / pod, number of pods / plant, single plant yield (g.). The MYMV resistance has been confirmed under infector row method using CO 5 as susceptible check variety. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), Heritability (h2) in broad sense, genetic advance as per cent of mean, Skewness and Kurtosis were estimated for yield and yield components. Result: Four true F1 plants were recovered in Vigna radiata var. VBN (Gg)2 x Vigna mungo Var. Mash 114 cross combination. The fertile F1 had the shallow lobbed leaf of Vigna radiata var. VBN (Gg)2 and black colour seed of Vigna mungo var. Mash 114 with pollen fertility of 42.0 per cent and crossability of 12.50%. Most interestingly all the four interspecific F1 plants were free from MYMV disease. In F2 generation, only one healthy plant was survived which had a pod, stem and branching behaviour of blackgram and greengram characters of lobbed leaf and green seed colour. In F3 generation, number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length and seed yield per plant had high GCV, high PCV, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean. Present study suggests that MYMV resistant cultivars of greengram can be explored through interspecific hybridization with Vigna mungo var. Mash 114 as a source of resistance and the hidden transgressive segregants can be recovered in F3 generation.
Pathogenicity, Host Range and Influence of Temperature, Humidity and pH Levels on the Growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis
Authors: Kumari Manju , Sharma Om Prakash , Nathawat B.D.S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Lentil is a vital nutritional source of protein in several parts of the world including India. The crop is susceptible to wilt which is a devastating soil-borne disease induced by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis. Insight of the potential threat Fusarium wilt can pose to lentils, a present study done on pathogenicity, host range and influence of temperature, humidity and pH levels on the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis. Methods: Ten isolates FOL-01 to FOL-10 of F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Fol) were isolated from wilted lentil plants that collected from different major lentil growing parts of Rajasthan. During 2017-18 a pathogenicity test was tested in pot house condition by seed and soil inoculation techniques for all isolates and epidomological factors evaluated in vitro conditions. Result: Results indicated that the Fol isolates represent a single race but differ in their aggressiveness on the susceptible cultivar L9-12. Pathogenicity test revealed clearly that Fol was associated with wilt symptoms and were pathogenic to lentil plants. A maximum percent disease incidence of 70.00 was showed by isolate FOL-02 in soil inoculation technique. In the morphological and cultural characterization, all the ten isolates showed various character in conidial frequency, colony color and growth pattern. Twenty plant species were tested to know the host range of Fol, out of these lentil, chickpea and pea show positive reaction with the pathogen. The influence of temperature, relative humidity and pH on the growth and sporulation of Fol was studied under in vitro conditions. Maximum mycelial growth and sporulation of the Fol were observed at 30°C, 6.0 pH and 60% relative humidity.
Non-Saccharomyces as a tool for modulating wine quality and stimulating malolactic fermentation
Authors: Balmaseda Aitor , Martín-García Alba , Leal Miguel Ángel , Rozès Nicolas , Bordons Albert , Reguant Cristina
Published: April 2021

Recent research in non-Saccharomyces yeasts promotes their use as starter cultures in wine alcoholic fermentation together with S. cerevisiae. The use of these non-conventional yeasts can modulate the organoleptic profile of wines. However, it is unclear how they will modulate wines together with Oenococcus oeni after malolactic fermentation. In this article we discuss the main oenological consequences of these interactions and how malolactic fermentation can be stimulated using some of these non-Saccharomyces yeasts.
Cover crops in viticulture. A systematic review (2):
Implications on vineyard agronomic performance
Authors: Abad Javier , Hermoso de Mendoza Irantzu , Marín Diana , Orcaray Luis , Santesteban Luis Gonzaga
Published: April 2021

The present systematic review aims to provide an overview of the impact of cover crops on vegetative growth and the productive parameters of vineyards.A systematic review was made on Scopus-index journals dating from 1999 to 2018. The selection was made at the same time by two different researchers, who selected a total of 272 published papers related to cover crops in vineyards. Each article was categorised according to its theme and a metadata database was created, considering all relevant information from an agronomic point of view for each article.It can be concluded from the review that the use of cover crops can reduce vine vegetative growth, which in turn can help keep the incidence of fungal diseases (like grey mould) at a low level. In general, this practice does not have a clear effect on vineyard yield or grape juice parameters, like total soluble solids (TSS) or titratable acidity (TA). Cover crops can decrease vineyard pests to a certain extent, especially Cicadellidae. Cover crops can sometimes sporadically cause water stress in the vineyard, but only during the summer months.This review allowed us to summarise available information on cover crops and their effects on vineyard agronomic performance in a systematic way. Such information can be used to help select the most suitable cover, based on specific vineyard objectives and growing conditions.