bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A four‐coil structure wireless power transfer system with constant current and constant voltage charging: Analysis, design, and experiment
Authors: Yang Lin , Yu Xinyuan , Shi Yanyan , Wang Meng
Published: September 2022

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology can transmit power through high‐frequency magnetic fields, which is safer and more flexible than conventional conductive charging method. The WPT systems for charging lithium batteries need to meet the charging function of first constant current (CC) and then constant voltage (CV). In addition, to avoid reactive power loss, the input impedance of the system is preferably purely resistive, that is, to meet the zero phase angle (ZPA) condition. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes a four‐coil structure WPT system based on dual‐frequency switching method to realize load‐independent CC and CV charging outputs at two fixed ZPA frequency points, respectively. It is worth noting that there is only one compensation capacitor on the receiving side, which ensures the compactness and portability of the receiving side of the WPT system. An experimental prototype with charging current of 2.2 A in CC mode and charging voltage of 28 V in CV mode is established to verify the correctness and practicality of the proposed four‐coil structure WPT system. The experimental results are basically in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.
Associations of the Lifestyle for Brain Health index with longitudinal cognition and brain amyloid beta in clinically unimpaired older adults: Findings from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention
Authors: Cody Karly A. , Koscik Rebecca L. , Erickson Claire M. , Berman Sara E. , Jonaitis Erin M. , Williams Victoria J. , Mueller Kimberly D. , Christian Bradley T. , Chin Nathanial A. , Clark Lindsay R. , Betthauser Tobey J. , Johnson Sterling C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Modifiable health and lifestyle factors increase risk of dementia, but whether modifiable factors, when measured in late‐midlife, impact the emergence or progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiologic or cognitive changes remains unresolved.

Methods

In initially cognitively unimpaired, late middle‐aged participants (N = 1215; baseline age, M [standard deviation] = 59.3 [6.7] years) from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP), we investigated the influence of the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index, a lifestyle‐based dementia risk score, on AD‐related cognitive trajectories and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation.

Results

Overall, lower baseline LIBRA, denoting healthier lifestyle and lower dementia risk, was related to better overall cognitive performance, but did not moderate apolipoprotein E ε4 or Aβ‐related longitudinal cognitive trajectories. LIBRA was not significantly associated with Aβ accumulation or estimated age of Aβ onset.

Discussion

In WRAP, late‐midlife LIBRA scores were related to overall cognitive performance, but not AD‐related cognitive decline or Aβ accumulation in the preclinical timeframe.

Highlights

The Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index was associated with cognitive performance in late‐midlife.

LIBRA did not moderate apolipoprotein E ε4 or amyloid‐related cognitive decline.

LIBRA was not associated with the onset or accumulation of amyloid plaques.
Unique Dimerization Topology and Countercation Binding Modes in 12‐Metallacrown‐4 Compounds
Authors: Salerno Elvin V. , Foley Collin M. , Marzaroli Vittoria , Schneider Bernadette L. , Sharin Max D. , Kampf Jeff W. , Marchiò Luciano , Zeller Matthias , Guillot Régis , Mallah Talal , Tegoni Matteo , Pecoraro Vincent L. , Zaleski Curtis M.
Published: September 2022

Seven dimeric metallacrowns (MC) based on Ln[12‐MCM(III)N(shi)‐4], where LnIII=Dy, Ho, Yb, or Y, MIII=Mn or Ga, and shi3− is salicylhydroximate, have been synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and for the dysprosium‐manganese dimers, the magnetic properties have been measured. In each dimer two Ln[12‐MCM(III)N(shi)‐4] units are linked by four bridging dicarboxylate anions (isophthalate, trimesate, dinicotinate, or 2,2′‐dithiodibenzoate). Three different countercations (sodium, gallium(III), or pyridinium) were used to maintain charge balance of the dimer. While pyridinium does not bind to the dimer, the choice of the dicarboxylate dictates where the countercations Na+ or GaIII bind. With isophthalate and trimesate, the sodium ion binds to the central MC cavity opposite of the LnIII, and with dinicotinate the sodium or gallium(III) ions bind to the pyridyl nitrogen of the dinicotinate. All three Dy2Mn8 dimers exhibit an out‐of‐phase magnetic susceptibility signal consistent with a shallow barrier to magnetization relaxation.
Scalable spatio‐temporal smoothing via hierarchical sparse Cholesky decomposition
Authors: Jurek Marcin , Katzfuss Matthias
Published: September 2022

We propose an approximation to the forward filter backward sampler (FFBS) algorithm for large‐scale spatio‐temporal smoothing. FFBS is commonly used in Bayesian statistics when working with linear Gaussian state‐space models, but it requires inverting covariance matrices which have the size of the latent state vector. The computational burden associated with this operation effectively prohibits its applications in high‐dimensional settings. We propose a scalable spatio‐temporal FFBS approach based on the hierarchical Vecchia approximation of Gaussian processes, which has been previously successfully used in spatial statistics. On simulated and real data, our approach outperformed a low‐rank FFBS approximation.
Effects of a Neonicotinoid Insecticide and Population Density on Behavior and Development of Wood Frogs (Rana sylvatica)
Authors: Bouffard J. , Careau V. , Robinson S. A. , Bergeron P.
Published: September 2022

Amphibians have been facing global declines over the last decades from direct and indirect effects of anthropogenic activities. A contributor to declines is waterway contamination from agricultural runoffs of pesticides such as neonicotinoids. Beyond direct and indirect effects of the pesticide, few studies have investigated the possible interactions between neonicotinoids and natural environmental stressors across larval development, which could alter the strength and direction of observed neonicotinoid effects. The present study used a fully crossed design to investigate how a concentration of imidacloprid (a neonicotinoid; 10 µg/L) measured in surface waters interacted with low and high population densities (0.33 and 1 tadpole/L, respectively), an important environmental stressor, to influence behavior and development across metamorphosis in wood frogs (Rana sylvatica), known to breed in agricultural landscapes. Behaviors were measured in the absence and presence of predation cues using open-field tests at three distinct developmental stages, up to the metamorph stage. We found that imidacloprid did not interact with population density or independently affect behaviors in the absence of predation cues. However, individuals raised at high density compared with low density were more active at an early developmental stage but less active at metamorphic climax. Furthermore, both density and imidacloprid independently decreased the natural freezing response of tadpoles to predation cues. Finally, we found that distance traveled in the open-field test was weakly repeatable between aquatic stages but not repeatable across metamorphosis, a pattern that was not affected by treatments. The present study provides novel insights on the ecotoxicology of imidacloprid in the presence of a natural stressor, highlighting the importance of including behavioral assays and natural stressors in studies of amphibian ecotoxicology. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2968–2980. © 2022 SETAC
Development characteristics of deepwater gravity flows and tight sandstone reservoir characteristics in Chang 6 in the Huaqing area, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Nan Fanchi , Lin Liangbiao , Chen Zhaobing , Yu Yu , Mu Shangchao , Guo Xuanhao
Published: September 2022

The tight sandstone reservoirs have become the focus of today's oil and gas exploration. To clarify the microscopic characteristics of the tight sandstone reservoirs of the Chang 63 deep water gravity flow origin in the Huaqing area, the Chang 63 gravity flow origin reservoirs in the study area are divided into three categories. They are the formation reservoir of sandy clastic flow (FROSF), formation reservoir of muddy debris flow deposits and turbidites (FROMT) and formation reservoir of slides and slumps (FROSS). In this study, core and logging data, thin sections, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), and mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP) were combined to investigate the rock composition and pore‐throat characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs with different types of gravity flow origins. The reservoir micro‐heterogeneity is also investigated in this paper. The results show that the reservoirs with different gravity flow origins are similar in lithology and are mainly composed of feldspar lithic sandstone and lithic feldspar sandstone. The pore types are mainly intergranular pores and feldspar‐dissolved pores. There are significant differences in the porosity, permeability, microscopic pore‐throat characteristics and microscopic heterogeneity of the reservoirs. From FROSF to FROMT and FROSS, the porosity, permeability, mercury inlet saturation, discharge pressure, median pressure and mercury removal efficiency gradually decrease. The tightness of the reservoir gradually increases. The storage capacity is gradually reduced. The disparity between the throat radius and pore radius gradually increases. The pore‐throat structure becomes more complex, and the microscopic heterogeneity of the reservoir gradually increases.
Study of chemically reactive and thermally radiative Casson nanofluid flow past a stretching sheet with a heat source
Authors: Biswal Manasa Manjari , Swain Kharabela , Dash Gouranga Charan , Mishra Swetapadma
Published: September 2022

Nanoparticle (NP) delivery is an exciting and rapidly developing field that adequately takes care of thermal radiation in blood flow and is likely to have bearing on the therapeutic procedure of hyperthermia, blood flow, and heat transfer in capillaries. The NP parameters such as size, shape, and surface characteristics can be regulated to improve nano‐drug delivery efficiency in biological systems. The NPs outperform traditional drug delivery processes in drug carrying capacity and controlled release. The current article investigates the boundary layer flow and heat transfer of thermally radiative Casson nanofluid (NF) over a stretching sheet with chemical reaction and internal heat source. In our study, Cu and Al2O3 are taken as NPs in a suitable base fluid. The problem is analyzed by using similarity transformations and is solved with MATLAB's built‐in solver bvp4c. The effects of pertinent parameters characterizing the flow model are presented through graphs and tables. The important findings of the investigation are noted as: the use of metallic oxide is more beneficial to attain higher temperature within a few layers close to the bounding surface; the appearance of convexity and concavity in the concentration profile attributed to flow instability, and the constructive and destructive heterogeneous reactions at the bounding surface have distinct roles to modify the NF flow in the boundary layer.
Evaluation of hydrograph separation techniques with uncertain end‐member composition
Authors: Lukens Eileen , Neilson Bethany T. , Williams Kenneth H. , Brahney Janice
Published: September 2022

Hydrograph separation is one of many approaches used to analyse shifts in source water contributions to stream flow resulting from climate change in remote watersheds. Understanding these shifts is vital, as shifts in source water contributions to a stream can shape water management decisions. Because remote watersheds are often inaccessible and have poorly characterized contributing water sources, or end‐members, it is critical to understand the implications of using different hydrograph separation techniques in these data‐limited environments. To explore the uncertainty associated with different techniques, results from two hydrograph separation techniques, mass balance and principle component analysis, were compared using 3 years of aqueous geochemical data from the East River watershed located in the Elk Mountains of Central Colorado. Solute concentrations of the end‐members were characterized by both a limited set of direct chemical measurements of different sources and detailed seasonal instream chemistry to examine the influences of uncertain end‐member compositions in a data‐limited environment. Annual volumetric end‐member contributions to stream flow had relatively good agreement across separation techniques. Large variations in time were observed in the hydrograph separations, depending on the end‐member type, and estimated flow contributions varied between the selected solutes. End‐member concentrations characterized by stream chemistry showed several limitations including a reduced number of distinguishable end‐members and differences in timing of flow contributions. Results highlight the benefits of using multiple hydrograph separation techniques by providing a ‘weight‐of‐evidence’ approach to environments with limited end‐member concentration data.
Analysing the effectiveness of the roundtable on sustainable palm oil's Free, Prior and Informed Consent policy to respect customary land rights
Authors: Afrizal  , Elfitra  , Zuldesni
Published: September 2022

This article assesses the effectiveness of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil's (RSPO) Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) policy in respecting customary land rights in Indonesia using a policy implementation framework. The questions addressed are what is the practice of FPIC by oil palm companies? What is the performance of the companies in implementing the FPIC? Data from companies' documents and a survey of oil palm companies in West and Central Kalimantan show that while RSPO members are practicing the FPIC policy, their FPIC performance is inadequate, because of the absence of external monitoring of land acquisition and company reliance on inadequate Indonesian environmental law.
Low Unsaturated Fatty Acids Level in the Vertebral Bone Marrow of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Pilot 2D iDQC‐MRS on 3.0 T Study
Authors: Bao Jianfeng , Li Zongye , Zhang Yue , Zhuang Yuchuan , Li Ying , Wang Xiao , Ren Yanan , Wang Peipei , Zhang Yong , Cheng Jingliang
Published: September 2022

Background

Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) of bone marrow play a critical role in osteoporosis. However, it is difficult to resolve the UFA, especially in the presence of trabecular bone, using conventional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) methods.

Purpose

To preliminarily compare the bone marrow fatty acids (FAs) composition in the presence of trabecular bone of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and healthy controls (HC).

Study Type

Prospective.

Subjects

Total thirty‐six postmenopausal women were recruited with CT‐confirmed PMOP (n = 19) and HC (n = 17).

Field Strength/Sequences

A 3 T scanner. Localized 2D intermolecular double‐quantum coherence‐based MRS (iDQC‐MRS).

Assessment

In addition to the conventional water and fat peaks, another four crossing peaks of the FAs were well resolved from the L4 vertebral bone marrow using iDQC‐MRS technique: allylic methylene (2.0 ppm), terminal methylene (2.2 ppm), diallylic methylene (2.7 ppm), and olefinic (5.3 ppm). The monounsaturated fatty acids (MOFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were then calculated.

Statistical Tests

Differences between PMOP and HC were investigated using the analysis of a t‐test, and the relationships were investigated using regression analysis.

Results

MOFAs and PUFAs fractions were significantly lower in the PMOP group compared to the HC group. In contrast, the saturated FAs fraction is significantly higher in the PMOP group. Additionally, decreased PUFAs, MOFAs were moderately negatively correlated with the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in the PMOP group. Furthermore, increased SFAs in PMOP were strongly associated with vBMD.

Data Conclusion

Using spectra resolution enhanced 2D iDQC‐MRS technique, we observed low unsaturated FAs levels in the vertebral bone marrow of the PMOP patients. The reduced unsaturated FAs levels in PMOP may be associated with dysfunction of the balance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis.

Level of Evidence

2.

Technical Efficacy Stage

1.
Prediction of Morphology Distribution within Injection Molded Parts Obtained with Fast Cavity Heating Cycles: Effect of Packing Pressure
Authors: Speranza Vito , Liparoti Sara , Pantani Roberto
Published: September 2022

The injection molding process is successfully applied to the production of polymer parts in several fields, from transportation to biomedice. Short processing times and high dimensional accuracy are the main factors promoting its diffusion. Fast cavity heating cycles contribute to enhancing the part accuracy at the micrometrical level, duration, and the mechanical properties. The advantages of cavity temperature modulation lead to a great interest in process simulation in the presence of a heating device. However, only a few works focus on the prediction of morphology development during the process. In semicrystalline parts, the morphology is composed of spherulites at the core and fibrils at the surface; the fibrils formation is marginally explored, although determining the mechanical performances. In this work, a two‐step approach is proposed to predict fibril formation in the case of a well‐characterized polypropylene. The first step describes temperature and flow fields during the process; the second step adopts the outputs of the first one for describing fibril formation. Several temperature cycles are selected for the cavity surface, and two pressures are selected for the packing stage. The simulation outputs for temperature, pressure evolutions, and morphology distributions, successfully compare with the experimental findings.
Putaminal Recombinant Glucocerebrosidase Delivery with Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound in Parkinson's Disease: A Phase I Study
Authors: Meng Ying , Pople Christopher B. , Huang Yuexi , Jones Ryan M. , Ottoy Julie , Goubran Maged , Oliveira Lais M. , Davidson Benjamin , Lawrence Liam S.P. , Lau Angus Z. , Bethune Allison , Maralani Pejman , Abrahao Agessandro , Hamani Clement , Hynynen Kullervo , Kalia Suneil K. , Lipsman Nir , Kalia Lorraine V.
Published: September 2022

Background

GBA1 mutation is the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Replacement of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) slows neurodegeneration in PD models and may be a promising disease‐modifying therapy in patients with PD. However, recombinant GCase has limited penetration through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Microbubble‐mediated magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) can reversibly disrupt the BBB for drug delivery.

Methods

This open‐label phase I study investigated the safety and feasibility of MRgFUS putaminal delivery of intravenous GCase at escalating doses (15 to 30 to 60 IU/kg) every 2 weeks in four patients with PD with GBA1 mutations.

Results

BBB permeability was achieved and restored in all patients as quantified by dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after treatment. There were no serious adverse events. Two patients developed transient dyskinesia after treatment. Blinded Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor scores off medication decreased by 12% at 6 months from baseline (from 26 ± 9 to 22 ± 6). Standardized uptake value ratio on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging in the treated putamen reduced from 1.66 ± 0.14 to 1.27 ± 0.08.

Conclusions

Results from this study demonstrate the safety and feasibility of MRgFUS GCase delivery in PD and support further investigation of this approach. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
In vivo pH mapping with omega plot‐based quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI
Authors: Ji Yang , Lu Dongshuang , Sun Phillip Zhe , Zhou Iris Y.
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is promising for detecting dilute metabolites and microenvironment properties, which has been increasingly adopted in imaging disorders such as acute stroke and cancer. However, in vivo CEST MRI quantification remains challenging because routine asymmetry analysis (MTRasym) or Lorentzian decoupling measures a combined effect of the labile proton concentration and its exchange rate. Therefore, our study aimed to quantify amide proton concentration and exchange rate independently in a cardiac arrest‐induced global ischemia rat model.

Methods

The amide proton CEST (APT) effect was decoupled from tissue water, macromolecular magnetization transfer, nuclear Overhauser enhancement, guanidinium, and amine protons using the image downsampling expedited adaptive least‐squares (IDEAL) fitting algorithm on Z‐spectra obtained under multiple RF saturation power levels, before and after global ischemia. Omega plot analysis was applied to determine amide proton concentration and exchange rate simultaneously.

Results

Global ischemia induces a significant APT signal drop from intact tissue. Using the modified omega plot analysis, we found that the amide proton exchange rate decreased from 29.6 ± 5.6 to 12.1 ± 1.3 s−1 (P < 0.001), whereas the amide proton concentration showed little change (0.241 ± 0.035% vs. 0.202 ± 0.034%, P = 0.074) following global ischemia.

Conclusion

Our study determined the labile proton concentration and exchange rate underlying the in vivo APT MRI. The significant change in the exchange rate, but not the concentration of amide proton demonstrated that the pH effect dominates the APT contrast during tissue ischemia.
Traffic channeling under uncertain conversion rates on e‐commerce platforms
Authors: Yu Peiwen , Zhang Zhoupeng Jack , Li Qing
Published: September 2022

Traffic is the lifeblood of every e‐commerce platform. The question of how to channel traffic to merchants operating on a platform lies at the heart of platform management. We consider a platform on which two independent merchants sell their products. Merchants compete on inventory in the sense that some of the unmet demand at one merchant will spill over to the other. The platform channels traffic based on products' conversion rates to maximize the total sale on the platform. We show that traffic channeling plays three roles. First, it allows more efficient allocation of traffic; that is, the merchant with a high conversion rate is given a higher priority in receiving traffic. Second, it allows the platform to control demand spillover between the merchants to maximize total sales. The platform either facilitates or prevents demand spillover, depending on product substitutability. Third, traffic channeling intensifies competition between the merchants and hence increases the total inventory. More efficient allocation of traffic and the increase in inventory increase sales inequality between the merchants. In contrast, demand spillover decreases sales inequality. While the platform always benefits from traffic channeling, the merchants do not benefit when their products are moderately substitutable. Interestingly, when the two products are owned and sold by the same merchant, the opposite happens–traffic channeling always benefits the merchant but may hurt the platform. Our study provides a basis for informed discussions on how platforms should channel traffic in response to conversion rates, and how traffic channeling affects the welfare of merchants and platforms.
Mathematical model for the novel coronavirus (2019‐nCOV) with clinical data using fractional operator
Authors: El‐Sayed Ahmed M. A. , Arafa Anas , Hagag Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Coronavirus infection (COVID‐19) is a considerably dangerous disease with a high demise rate around the world. There is no known vaccination or medicine until our time because the unknown aspects of the virus are more significant than our theoretical and experimental knowledge. One of the most effective strategies for comprehending and controlling the spread of this epidemic is to model it using a powerful mathematical model. However, mathematical modeling with a fractional operator can provide explanations for the disease's possibility and severity. Accordingly, basic information will be provided to identify the kind of measure and intrusion that will be required to control the disease's progress. In this study, we propose using a fractional‐order SEIARPQ model with the Caputo sense to model the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic, which has never been done before in the literature. The stability analysis, existence, uniqueness theorems, and numerical solutions of such a model are displayed. All results were numerically simulated using MATLAB programming. The current study supports the applicability and influence of fractional operators on real‐world problems.
Effects of thiol‐ene click reaction on morphology and electro‐optical properties of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanostructure‐based polymer dispersed liquid crystal film
Authors: He Zemin , Yu Ping , Guo Zhun , Zhang Yongming , Feng Xueyan , Zhang Huimin , Zhao Yuzhen , Miao Zongcheng
Published: September 2022

Polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) have lit a flash of interest due to the distinctive property of electrically controlled switching. However, too high‐driving voltage associated with porous polymer networks always limit their wider range of applications. Herein, we reported a PDLC system containing LCs, 2,2′‐(Ethylenedioxy)diethanethiol (DET) with thiol groups, cage‐like nanostructure acrylic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (KH570‐POSS) and KH570‐SiO2 nanoparticle modified by acrylic groups. The cage‐like KH570‐POSS microstructure was injected to the polymer matrix when KH570‐POSS reacted with DET via thiol‐ene click reaction. The morphological results demonstrated that the droplet size increased with the higher content of DET due to the decrease of the crosslink between the acrylic groups in KH570‐POSS, which results in a less dense of polymer network and thus make the LC droplets easier to be driven in the electric filed. Then, a silica‐based nanoparticle KH570‐SiO2 modified by acrylic groups was introduced into the system. The results indicated that KH570‐SiO2 could replace partial KH570‐POSS to form the polymer network via thiol‐ene click reaction, which increased the compatible ability of SiO2 nanoparticles in the as‐made film. The contrast ratio was increased to 165 when there was nearly 5 wt% content of KH570‐SiO2. Besides, the driving voltage was reduced by almost 60% and the sample could be fully driven by 30 V which is lower than the safe voltage (36 V). This study opens a route for the preparation of commercial PDLC films by thiol‐ene click reaction, enabling the creation of low‐voltage‐driven smart windows.
Human papillomavirus vaccination uptake among childhood cancer survivors in Western New York
Authors: Garcia Melany , McGillicuddy Cailey , Rodriguez Elisa M. , Attwood Kristopher , Schweitzer Jennifer , Coley Scott , Rokitka Denise , Schlecht Nicolas F.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated cancers is significantly higher among survivors of a childhood cancer compared to the general population. Despite this, their HPV vaccine uptake rates are lower. We examined factors related to HPV vaccine uptake among childhood cancer survivors from Western New York over 13 years following the introduction of HPV vaccines.

Methods

Retrospective review of patients diagnosed with invasive or noninvasive cancerous conditions at age 9 or younger treated at Roswell Park Oishei Children's Cancer and Blood Disorder Program. We matched vaccine date information for patients aged 9–26 years between 2006 and 2020 from the New York State Immunization Information System. Demographic and cancer‐related information was abstracted from electronic medical records. Cumulative vaccine uptake was assessed by Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results

A total of 284 patients were included in the analyses. Most were non‐Hispanic/White (80.3%) and resided in a metropolitan area (81.7%). Approximately half had leukemia or lymphoma (54.9%), and most received chemotherapy. Females were more likely to initiate the HPV vaccine and did so sooner (median = 5.5 years) than males (median = 5.7 years; log‐rank p = .301). Patients who were older at vaccine eligibility and males who received blood product transfusions were significantly less likely to initiate the HPV vaccine.

Conclusion

While rates of HPV vaccine initiation have been increasing with time among childhood cancer survivors, they remain low overall, with differences seen by treatment and diagnosis. Our findings support the need for further research to optimize HPV vaccine delivery in cancer care.
A new approach for extracting information from protein dynamics
Authors: Liu Jenny , Amaral Luís A. N. , Keten Sinan
Published: September 2022

Increased ability to predict protein structures is moving research focus towards understanding protein dynamics. A promising approach is to represent protein dynamics through networks and take advantage of well‐developed methods from network science. Most studies build protein dynamics networks from correlation measures, an approach that only works under very specific conditions, instead of the more robust inverse approach. Thus, we apply the inverse approach to the dynamics of protein dihedral angles, a system of internal coordinates, to avoid structural alignment. Using the well‐characterized adhesion protein, FimH, we show that our method identifies networks that are physically interpretable, robust, and relevant to the allosteric pathway sites. We further use our approach to detect dynamical differences, despite structural similarity, for Siglec‐8 in the immune system, and the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein. Our study demonstrates that using the inverse approach to extract a network from protein dynamics yields important biophysical insights.
How Do Word Reading and Word Spelling Develop Over Time? A Three‐Year Longitudinal Study of Hong Kong Chinese–English Bilingual Children
Authors: Ruan Yijun , Ye Yanyan , Lui Kelvin Fai Hong , McBride Catherine , Ho Connie Suk Han
Published: September 2022

Word reading and word spelling are important processes of literacy acquisition for children. The longitudinal relationship between reading and spelling is still unclear, especially among bilinguals and biscriptals. In the present study, we compared the longitudinal word reading–spelling relationship in L1 (Chinese) and L2 (English), together with early cognitive‐linguistic skills. Participants were 182 pairs of Chinese–English bilingual twins who were tested annually across 3 years on word reading and word spelling in both scripts. Chinese and English cognitive and linguistic skills were measured in the first year only (mean age = 7.38). Cross‐lagged panel models were applied to analyze the longitudinal word reading–spelling relations. Predictors of word reading and word spelling differed between Chinese and English. Longitudinally, there were no bidirectional or unidirectional relationships between word reading and spelling in Chinese. In contrast, a reciprocal relationship between word reading and spelling was revealed in English. This study underscores similarities and differences in the development of literacy skills among biscriptal readers of L1 Chinese and L2 English.
Lessons from failure: Pollution blacklisting and firm's green innovation
Authors: Liu Li , Du Lei , Liu Xing
Published: September 2022

This article investigates the impact of pollution blacklisting on firm green innovation (GI) by a unique information disclosure project from 782 Chinese listed firms in heavily polluting industries during 2015–2019. Our research found that pollution blacklisting establishes a poor environmental perception and puts firms under greater legitimacy pressure than their peers, forcing them to go beyond compliance through more substantial long‐term solutions like GI to reestablish environmental legitimacy and win social support again. For firms with high levels of media coverage, the positive effect of pollution blacklisting on GI is strengthened, while for firms with bureaucratic political connections, the positive effect is weakened. The findings have important theoretical and practical implications for GI management and relevant information disclosure practice.
Micropatterned Hydrogels with Highly Ordered Cellulose Nanocrystals for Visually Monitoring Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Wang Junmei , Liu Qian , Gong Jixing , Wan Zhongjun , Zhou Jinping , Chang Chunyu , Zhang Donghui
Published: September 2022

Cardiac microphysiological systems are accurate in vitro platforms that reveal the biological mechanisms underlying cardiopathy, accelerating pharmaceutical research in this field. Current cardiac microphysiological devices and organs‐on‐chips consist of several layers prepared with complex, multi‐step processes. Incorporating inorganic photonic crystals may cause long‐term biocompatibility issues. Herein, micropatterned hydrogels with anisotropic structural colors are prepared by locking shear‐oriented tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (TCNCs) in hydrogel networks through in situ polymerization, allowing the visualization and monitoring of cardiomyocytes. The anisotropic hydrogels are composed of highly ordered TCNCs with bright interference color and micro‐grooved methacrylated gelatin with excellent biocompatibility. The microgroove patterns induce cardiomyocyte alignment and the autonomous beating of cardiomyocytes causes the hydrogels to deform, dynamically shifting the interference color. These micropatterned hydrogels could noninvasively monitor real‐time changes of cardiomyocytes under pharmaceutical treatment and electrical stimulation through wavelength shifts in the transmittance spectra. This system provides a new way to detect the beat rate of cardiac tissue and it may contribute to high throughput develop.
Regulating Polysulfide Conversion Kinetics Using Tungsten Diboride as Additive For High‐Performance Li–S Battery
Authors: Sahu Tuhin Subhra , V G Abhijitha , Pal Ipsita , Sau Supriya , Gautam Manoj , Nanda Birabar R. K. , Mitra Sagar
Published: September 2022

The practical application of Li–S batteries is severely limited due to low sulfur utilization, sluggish sulfur redox kinetics, intermediate polysulfide dissolution/shuttling, and subsequent anode degradation. A smart cathode with efficient electrocatalyst and a protected anode is necessary. Herein, hollow carbon (HC) spheres are used as a sulfur host to improve the electrical conductivity and buffer the volume expansion of active materials. Considering the weak interaction between carbon and lithium polysulfides (LiPS), tungsten diboride (WB2) nanoparticles are used as a conductive additive. Both experimental and density functional theory (DFT) comprehensively exhibit that metallic WB2 nanoparticles can firmly anchor the LiPS through B–S bond formation, accelerate their electrocatalytic conversion, and immobilize them. DFT also reveals that boron interacts with LiPS either through molecular or dissociative adsorption depending on its boron layer arrangement in WB2. Further, a freestanding lithiated‐poly(4‐styrene sulfonate) membrane constructed on lithium, offers a homogeneous Li‐ion flux, stable interface, and protection from LiPS. Finally, cells with the HC‐S+WB2  cathode and protected anode exhibit improved active material utilization, superior rate performance, and impressive cycling stability, even at high sulfur loading and less quantity of the electrolyte. Further, the pouch cells demonstrate high reversible capacity and an excellent capacity retention.
Development of Surface Chemical Strategies for Synthesizing Redox‐Responsive Diatomite Nanoparticles as a Green Platform for On‐Demand Intracellular Release of an Antisense Peptide Nucleic Acid Anticancer Agent
Authors: Terracciano Monica , Fontana Flavia , Falanga Andrea Patrizia , D'Errico Stefano , Torrieri Giulia , Greco Francesca , Tramontano Chiara , Rea Ilaria , Piccialli Gennaro , De Stefano Luca , Oliviero Giorgia , Santos Hélder A. , Borbone Nicola
Published: September 2022

Redox‐responsive silica drug delivery systems are synthesized by aeco‐friendly diatomite source to achieve on‐demand release of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in tumor reducing microenvironment, aiming to inhibit the immune checkpoint programmed cell death 1 receptor/programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD‐1/PD‐L1) in cancer cells. The nanoparticles (NPs) are coated with polyethylene glycol chains as gatekeepers to improve their physicochemical properties and control drug release through the cleavable disulfide bonds (S–S) in a reductive environment. This study describes different chemical conditions to achieve the highest NPs’ surface functionalization yield, exploring both multistep and one‐pot chemical functionalization strategies. The best formulation is used for covalent PNA conjugation via the S–S bond reaching a loading degree of 306 ± 25 µg PNA mg−1DNPs. These systems are used for in vitro studies to evaluate the kinetic release, biocompatibility, cellular uptake, and activity on different cancer cells expressing high levels of PD‐L1. The obtained results prove the safety of the NPs up to 200 µg mL−1 and their advantage for controlling and enhancing the PNA intracellular release as well as antitumor activity. Moreover, the downregulation of PD‐L1 observed only with MDA‐MB‐231 cancer cells paves the way for targeted immunotherapy.
Molecular engineering of Y‐series acceptors for nonfullerene organic solar cells
Authors: He Qiao , Ufimkin Petr , Aniés Filip , Hu Xiantao , Kafourou Panagiota , Rimmele Martina , Rapley Charlotte L. , Ding Bowen
Published: September 2022

The power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of single‐junction organic solar cells (OSCs) have surpassed 19%, owing to the emerging Y‐series nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs). Undoubtedly, the power and flexibility of chemical design has been a strong driver for this rapid efficiency improvement in the OSC field. Over the course of the past 3 years, a variety of modifications have been made to the structure of the Y6 acceptor, and a large number of Y‐series NFAs have been reported to further improve performance. Herein, we present our insights into the rationale behind the Y6 acceptor and discuss the design principles toward high‐performance Y‐series NFAs. It is clear that structural modifications through choice of heteroatom, soluble chains, π spacers, central cores, and end groups alter the material characteristics and properties, contributing to distinctive photovoltaic performance. Subsequently, we analyze various design strategies of Y‐series‐containing materials, including polymerized small‐molecule acceptors (PSMA), non‐fused‐ring acceptors (NFRA), and all‐fused‐ring acceptors (AFRA). This review is expected to be of value in providing effective molecular design strategies for high‐performance NFAs in future innovations.
Economic valuation of ecosystem services for application of circular economy approach in conservation of Kundapura mangroves of Karnataka, India
Authors: Vijaya Pandi P. , N. Karthi , Dhivya S. , Krishnamoorthy P. R. , Jashwanth M. , Asir Ramesh D.
Published: September 2022

Coastal areas are overwhelmingly rich in resources and support the livelihoods of the local communities. Coastal mangrove ecosystem provides a wide range of goods and services for human needs and wellbeing. To value conservation benefits of 252.29 ha extent of Kundapura mangrove ecosystem's goods and services, an economic valuation study was conducted using Systems of Environmental Economics Accounting (SEEA) framework. In total, seven ecosystem benefits were identified under provisioning, regulating and cultural services categories of SEEA. Identified baskets of benefits are fisheries, timber, fuelwood, protection against storms and floods, water quality maintenance, carbon sequestration, recreation and tourism. Out of seven benefits, the present study has found that the disturbance regulation benefit's contribution, which is about 92.65% of overall benefits with its economic value, US$1.786 million per year (17.86 lakh). Disturbance regulation benefit has significant role in reducing the impact of vulnerability from coastal hazards and sheltering 4354 individuals of population occupying 1088 houses. Despite that fact, Kundapura mangrove's assets are being degraded by various negative externalities. Particularly reclamation for aquaculture purpose and consequent discharging of the effluents, and dumping of sludge and municipal solid wastes (MSWs). These externalities would exacerbate the environmental problems and impacts on the flow of benefits. Hence, circular economic approach as pioneering to renovate the current linear system into circular one through 3R's strategy (reduce, reuse, and recycle) in the process of production, distribution, and consumption of ecosystem goods and services. This research paper explains about the application of circular economic approach in conservation management by assessing economic valuation of Kundapura mangrove's specific services. This approach is expected to finally result in aiding decision‐making process to limit the quantity of polluting residuals and control the degradation activities thereby sustain the mangroves in good health. Further the regeneration and expansion of mangrove extent would improve the mangrove‐dependent fishery, promote sustainable tourism, and maximize the coastal protection and economic benefits in this region. This will go a long way in sustaining the health of the otherwise fragile mangrove ecosystem of Kundapura coastal stretch, which is under the category of Critically Vulnerable Coastal Areas (CCVAs), identified under CRZ of India.
Picturing the populations who could benefit from health insurance access expansions: An analysis of US health insurance television ads airing in 2018
Authors: Tait Margaret , Pando Cynthia , McGuire Cydney , Perez‐Sanz Sarah , Baum Laura , Fowler Erika , Gollust Sarah
Published: September 2022

Efforts to expand access to health insurance in the United States are key to addressing health inequities and ensuring that all individuals have access to health care during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Yet, attempts to expand public insurance programs, including Medicaid, continue to face opposition in state and federal policymaking. Limited policy success raises questions about the health insurance information environment and the extent that available information signals both available resources and the need for policy reform. In this study, we explore one way that consumers and policymakers learn about health insurance—television advertisements—and analyze content in ads that could contribute to an understanding of who needs health insurance or who deserves to benefit from policies to expand insurance access. Specifically, we implement a content analysis of health insurance ads airing throughout 2018 on broadcast television or national cable, focusing on the depictions of people in those ads. Our findings indicate that individuals depicted in ads for Medicaid plans differ from those in ads for non‐Medicaid plans. Groups that comprise large populations of current Medicaid enrollees, children and pregnant people, were more likely to appear in ads for non‐Medicaid plans than in ads for Medicaid plans. This has implications for potential enrollees' understanding of who is eligible as well as the general public's and policymakers' perspectives on who should be targeted for current or future policies.
General Process Workflow in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Godec Damir , Pilipović Ana , Breški Tomislav
Published: September 2022

In this chapter, general workflow in Additive Manufacturing process is shown, from preprocessing activities that include preparing appropriate CAD model, selecting required STL file resolution, up to setting processing parameters for AM process.
Design for AM
Authors: Diegel Olaf
Published: September 2022

Many industries approach AM as a direct replacement for conventional manufacturing technologies. This approach, however, does not fully utilize the unique possibilities that additive processes offer.
General Process Simulations
Authors: Nordin Axel , Kristav Per , Alcázar Julia Ureña , Blasco José Ramón , Ferrando Olga Jordá , Martínez Mario , Portolés Luis , Vicente Morell Bernardo
Published: September 2022

Simulation of AM products can capture a number of aspects. Apart from the traditional types of simulation of the end product, such as mechanical, thermal and fluid analyses, it is possible to simulate the AM build process. While simulating products intended for AM can sometimes be performed in exactly the same way as with products intended for traditional manufacturing, there are several aspects that may require a specialized workflow.
Development of FGM and FGAM
Authors: Pei Eujin , Kabir Israt
Published: September 2022

FGM is a special class of composite material that was first developed in Japan around 1984 for the propulsion system and airframe of space planes. The challenge was to create a thermal barrier that would be capable of withstanding a temperature of 1000 °C over a cross-section of 10 mm. A sharp interface between the matrix and the reinforcement in a traditional composite material would cause cracking in high temperatures. The cracks occur due to the generation of interfacial stress induced by the mismatch of thermal expansion between two different materials.
Zur Freiverantwortlichkeit der Entscheidung für einen assistierten Suizid
Authors: Saß Henning , Cording Clemens
Published: September 2022

Das Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zur Suizidassistenz hat zu lebhaften Debatten in der Medizin, im Deutschen Bundestag und in der Zivilgesellschaft geführt. Zentrale Bedeutung für ein Schutzkonzept, das die Risiken einer unkontrollierten Suizidbeihilfe minimieren soll, besitzt in der Konzeption des BVerfG die Feststellung der Freiverantwortlichkeit, die in ihren forensischen Aspekten allerdings noch der Konkretisierung bedarf. Dazu wird im folgenden Beitrag aus psychiatrischer Sicht Stellung genommen, um die Perspektiven unseres Faches in den Fortgang der Diskussion einzubringen.
Duality for Optimal Couplings in Free Probability
Authors: Gangbo Wilfrid , Jekel David , Nam Kyeongsik , Shlyakhtenko Dimitri
Published: September 2022

We study the free probabilistic analog of optimal couplings for the quadratic cost, where classical probability spaces are replaced by tracial von Neumann algebras, and probability measures on $${\mathbb {R}}^m$$

R

m

are replaced by non-commutative laws of m-tuples. We prove an analog of the Monge–Kantorovich duality which characterizes optimal couplings of non-commutative laws with respect to Biane and Voiculescu’s non-commutative $$L^2$$

L
2

-Wasserstein distance using a new type of convex functions. As a consequence, we show that if (X, Y) is a pair of optimally coupled m-tuples of non-commutative random variables in a tracial $$\mathrm {W}^*$$

W

∗

-algebra $$\mathcal {A}$$
A
, then $$\mathrm {W}^*((1 - t)X + tY) = \mathrm {W}^*(X,Y)$$

W

∗

(

(
1
-
t
)

X
+
t
Y
)

=

W

∗

(
X
,
Y
)

for all $$t \in (0,1)$$

t
∈
(
0
,
1
)

. Finally, we illustrate the subtleties of non-commutative optimal couplings through connections with results in quantum information theory and operator algebras. For instance, two non-commutative laws that can be realized in finite-dimensional algebras may still require an infinite-dimensional algebra to optimally couple. Moreover, the space of non-commutative laws of m-tuples is not separable with respect to the Wasserstein distance for $$m > 1$$

m
>
1

.