bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RNA N6‐Methyladenosine‐Binding Protein YTHDFs Redundantly Attenuate Cancer Immunity by Downregulating IFN‐γ Signaling in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jang Dongjun , Hwa Chanwoong , Kim Seoyeon , Oh Jaeik , Shin Seungjae , Lee Soo‐Jin , Kim Jiwon , Lee Sang Eun , Yang Yoojin , Kim Dohee , Lee Seoho , Jung Hae Rim , Oh Yumi , Kim Kyunggon , Lee Hye Seung , An Joon‐Yong , Cho Sung‐Yup
Published: November 2024

Immunotherapy holds potential as a treatment for gastric cancer (GC), though immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance remains an obstacle. One resistance mechanism involves defects in interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) signaling, in which IFN‐γ is linked to improved responsiveness to ICIs. Herein, the roles of RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modifications in regulation of IFN‐γ signaling and the responsiveness to ICIs are unveiled. The m6A‐binding protein YTH N6‐methyladenosine RNA‐binding protein F1 (YTHDF1) is overexpressed in GC tissues, correlating with the suppression of cancer immunity and poorer survival rates. YTHDF1 overexpression impaired the responsiveness to IFN‐γ in GC cells, and knockdown studies indicated the redundant effects of YTHDF2 and YTHDF3 with YTHDF1 in IFN‐γ responsiveness. RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing revealed YTHDFs directly target interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) mRNA, a master regulator of IFN‐γ signaling, leading to reduced RNA stability and consequent downregulation of IFN‐γ signaling. Furthermore, in mouse syngeneic tumor models, Ythdf1 depletion in cancer cells resulted in reduced tumor growth and increased tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes, which are attributed to the augmentation of IFN‐γ signaling. Collectively, these findings highlight how YTHDFs modulate cancer immunity by influencing IFN‐γ signaling through IRF1 regulation, suggesting their viability as therapeutic targets in cancer immunotherapy.
Microstructured Liquid Metal‐Based Embedded‐Type Sensor Array for Curved Pressure Mapping
Authors: Li Haoyu , Zhang Chengjun , Xu Hongyu , Yang Qing , Luo Zexiang , Li Cheng , Kai Lin , Meng Yizhao , Zhang Jialiang , Liang Jie , Chen Feng
Published: November 2024

Human hands can envelop the surface of an object and recognize its shape through touch. However, existing stretchable haptic sensors exhibit limited flexibility and stability to detect pressure during deformation, while also solely achieving recognition of planar objects. Inspired by the structure of skin tissue, an embedded construction‐enabled liquid metal‐based e‐skin composed of a liquid metal microstructured electrode (LM‐ME) array is fabricated for curved pressure mapping. The embedded LM‐ME‐based sensor elements are fabricated by using femtosecond laser‐induced micro/nanostructures and water/hydrogel assisted patterning method, which enables high sensitivity (7.42 kPa−1 in the range of 0–0.1 kPa) and high stability through an interlinked support isolation structure for the sensor units. The sensor array with a high interfacial toughness of 1328 J m−2 can maintain pressure sensation under bending and stretching conditions. Additionally, the embedded construction and laser‐induced bumps effectively reduce crosstalk from 58 to 7.8% compared to conventional flexible sensors with shared surfaces. The stretchable and mechanically stable sensor arrays possess shape‐adaptability that enables pressure mapping on non‐flat surfaces, which has great potential for object recognition in robotic skins and human‐computer interaction.
A Single Electrode Organic Neuromorphic Device for Dopamine Sensing in Vivo
Authors: Rondelli Federico , Di Lauro Michele , Calandra Sebastianella Gioacchino , De Salvo Anna , Genitoni Matteo , Murgia Mauro , Greco Pierpaolo , Ferroni Carolina Giulia , Viaro Riccardo , Fadiga Luciano , Biscarini Fabio
Published: November 2024

Organic Electronic platforms for biosensing are being demonstrated at a fast pace, especially in healthcare applications where the use of organic (semi‐)conductive materials leads to devices that efficiently interface living matter. Nevertheless, interesting properties of organic (semi‐)conductors are usually neglected in the development of (bio‐)sensors. Among these, the non‐linear response when operated under dynamic biasing conditions (i.e., with pulsed driving voltages), thus mimicking synaptic plasticity phenomena, offers promising and largely unexplored possibilities for bio‐sensing. The artificial synaptic response's figures of merit reflect the composition of the surrounding environment and, ultimately, the ion concentration and dynamics at the organic (semi‐)conductor/electrolyte interface. Therefore, new sensing strategies that rely on the effect of target analytes on the short‐term plasticity response of Organic Neuromorphic Devices are being demonstrated. This work presents the development of a label‐free Single Electrode Neuromorphic Device (SEND) specifically designed for in vivo real‐time mapping of dopamine concentration. The device response is investigated as a function of the driving frequency, resulting in the determination of the optimal operational configuration for minimally invasive neuromorphic devices. It exhibits stable multi‐parametric response in complex fluids, in brain's mechanical models and in vivo, enabling monitoring of local variations of dopamine concentration in the rat brain.
A highly integrated ceramic membrane‐based reactor for intensifying the biomass gasification to clean syngas
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhou Qiaoqiao , Ding Ajing , Li Shuncheng , Zeng Feng , Wang Xuerui , Tian Chong , Zhong Zhaoxiang , Chen Huanhao , Gu Xuehong
Published: November 2024

Biomass gasification for syngas production is a key operating unit in the biomass utilization process. However, its overall efficiency and stability are often restricted by the presence of complex impurities, including particulate matters (PMs) and tars. In this study, a highly integrated ceramic membrane‐based reactor was developed for high‐temperature syngas cleaning, enabling the efficient in situ removal of PMs and tars from bio‐vapors produced by biomass gasification. Specifically, a silicon carbide (SiC) membrane could separate PMs from biomass volatiles in situ, while a structured Ni15La5/S1‐SiC catalyst (nickel and lanthanum‐laden silicalite‐1 zeolite supported on SiC foam) facilitated the catalytic reforming of tars. Compared to other control reactors (i.e., those containing either a membrane or catalyst alone), the integrated reactor showed synergistic intensification in producing clean syngas from biomass gasification, achieving PM and tar removal efficiencies of up to ~97% and ~90%, and exhibited excellent stability in five‐cycle evaluations at 800°C.
Moiré Lattice of Twisted Bilayer Graphene as Template for Non‐Covalent Functionalization
Authors: Dierke Tobias , Wolff Stefan , Gillen Roland , Eisenkolb Jasmin , Nagel Tamara , Maier Sabine , Kivala Milan , Hauke Frank , Hirsch Andreas , Maultzsch Janina
Published: November 2024

We present a novel approach to achieve spatial variations in the degree of non‐covalent functionalization of twisted bilayer graphene (tBLG). The tBLG with twist angles varying between ~5° and 7° was non‐covalently functionalized with 1,4,5,8,9,11‐hexaazatriphenylenehexacarbonitrile (HATCN) molecules. Our results show a correlation between the degree of functionalization and the twist angle of tBLG. This correlation was determined through Raman spectroscopy, where areas with larger twist angles exhibited a lower HATCN peak intensity compared to areas with smaller twist angles. We suggest that the HATCN adsorption follows the moiré pattern of tBLG by avoiding AA‐stacked areas and attach predominantly to areas with a local AB‐stacking order of tBLG, forming an overall ABA‐stacking configuration. This is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our work highlights the role of the moiré lattice in controlling the non‐covalent functionalization of tBLG. Our approach can be generalized for designing nanoscale patterns on two‐dimensional (2D) materials using moiré structures as a template. This could facilitate the fabrication of nanoscale devices with locally controlled varying chemical functionality.
Thermal Bistability of Magnetic Susceptibility, Light Absorption, Second Harmonic Generation, and Dielectric Properties in a Polar Spin‐Crossover Iron–Rhenium Chain Material
Authors: Charytanowicz Tomasz , Wang Junhao , Tokoro Hiroko , Tran Kevin , Renz Franz , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi , Chorazy Szymon , Sieklucka Barbara
Published: November 2024

The bistability of multiple physical properties driven by external stimuli in a solid is a desired prerequisite for its application in memory devices with convenient data readout. We present a pathway for thermal bistability detectable in four physical properties: magnetic, light absorption, second‐harmonic generation (SHG), and dielectric. We report a novel heterometallic (TBA){[FeII(phIN)4][ReV(CN)8]} ⋅ (phIN) (1) (TBA=tetrabutylammonium cation, phIN=phenyl isonicotinate) cyanido‐bridged chain material. Owing to an appropriate {N6} coordination sphere of Fe(II) centers, 1 reveals a thermal spin crossover (SCO) effect which is complete and cooperative providing a distinct thermal hysteresis loop in magnetic measurements. Moreover, it exhibits simultaneous thermal bistability in (a) visible‐light absorption due to the presence of efficient d‐d electronic transitions in the low‐spin (LS) state, (b) SHG activity as it crystallizes in a polar Cc space group due to the bulky substituent on phIN ligands, and (c) dielectric parameters, including dielectric constant, which can be correlated with subtle changes in polarity between LS and HS (high spin) phases. Thus, we present a remarkable thermally controlled hysteretic behavior in four physical functionalities realized by properly functionalizing an SCO‐active coordination compound.
Single Crystalline, Non‐Stoichiometric Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks Showing Versatile Fluorescence Depending on Composition Ratios and Distributions
Authors: Hashimoto Taito , de la Hoz Tomás Mario , Oketani Ryusei , Cohen Boiko , Naruoka Miki , Tohnai Norimitsu , Douhal Abderrazzak , Hisaki Ichiro
Published: November 2024

Hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) composed of multicomponent molecules in a non‐stoichiometric composition have drawn great interest due to their tunable properties. However, the photobehavior of the single crystals of such mixed HOFs has not been explored. Here, we report on the synthesis, characterization and photobehavior of single crystalline non‐stoichiometric HOFs (NS‐HOFs). NS‐HOFs (BTNT‐1) with various composition ratios were successfully obtained as single crystals from two analogue tetratopic carboxylic acids, possessing naphthalene and benzothiadiazole cores (NTTA and BTTA, respectively). The heterogeneous distribution of the components was thoroughly confirmed by time‐resolved fluorescence microscopy and local crystallographic analysis using focused synchrotron X‐ray radiation. The versatile fluorescence of BTNT‐1 behavior depends on the composition ratio and distribution of the component in the single crystals. We observed not only fluorescence bands with various colors such as purple, blue, green and white, depending on the composition ratios, but also different emission bands from a single crystal. We provide details on their emission lifetimes following the composition, emission color and targeted region on the crystal. This work is the first example of single crystal studies applied to organic porous co‐crystals and demonstrates unique and versatile optical properties of carboxylic acid‐based NS‐HOFs. The results provide a concept of creating functional mixed porous materials capable of different and tunable optical properties.
Amplified Cascade Catalysis for RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Zhao Yue , Zhang Shudi , An Zesheng
Published: November 2024

We report a conceptually new amplified cascade catalysis that converts oxygen to hydroxyl radical for controlled RAFT polymerization. This catalysis consists of two sequential reactions, deoxygenation catalyzed by glucose oxidase and Fenton reaction catalyzed by ferrocene. The two catalysts can communicate with each other, leading to ferrocene recycling and hence amplification in radical generation. Ferrocene recycling was confirmed by UV/Vis spectroscopy, molecular docking simulation, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, as well as polymerization studies. This catalysis was applied to RAFT polymerization of various monomers, yielding well‐defined homopolymers and diblock copolymers with controlled molecular weights and low dispersities. Poly(N,N‐dimethyl acrylamide) with molecular weight over 1 million g mol−1 was also successfully synthesized under ambient conditions. Ferrocene‐functionalized microspheres were prepared and used as recyclable Fenton catalyst for five consecutive polymerizations with minimal declination in monomer conversion, which further improved the ecofriendly character of this polymerization methodology.
Examining the Impact of 3D Multi‐Arm Small Molecules on PM6 : Y6 Blend Reveals the Key Requirements for Their Electronic Properties
Authors: Huang Yuehao , Yu Ziwen , Yin Ailing , Han Gao‐Feng , Lang Xing‐You , Brédas Jean‐Luc , Wang Tonghui , Jiang Qing
Published: November 2024

While the emergence of PM6 : Y6 active layer re‐energized the organic photovoltaic community, excessive aggregation of Y6 molecules induced by their strong intermolecular interactions has limited the performance of PM6 : Y6‐based organic solar cells (OSCs). Adding 3D multi‐arm small‐molecule acceptors is an effective strategy to inhibit such aggregation. However, to maximize OSC efficiency, these molecules should also contribute to the electronic processes. Here, by taking a benzotriazole‐based 3D four‐arm small molecule (i.e., SF‐BTA1) as representative example, we combine molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations to examine the molecular‐scale impact of 3D multi‐arm small molecules on morphological characteristics (especially at the nanoscale) and electronic properties of PM6 : Y6 blends. By considering the intermolecular packing distances, density, and patterns among PM6, Y6, and SF‐BTA1 components, exciton transfer rates from SF‐BTA1 to Y6 or PM6, charge transfer rates from Y6 or PM6 to SF‐BTA1, electron/hole transfer rates among adjacent Y6/PM6 pairs, and radiative and non‐radiative recombination processes, we draw a comprehensive picture that describes how 3D multi‐arm small molecules improve morphological and electronic properties of PM6 : Y6 blends and thus the OSC efficiency. Furthermore, successful rationalization of these aspects allows us to point out key requirements regarding the electronic properties of 3D multi‐arm small molecules.
Single Crystalline, Non‐Stoichiometric Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks Showing Versatile Fluorescence Depending on Composition Ratios and Distributions
Authors: Hashimoto Taito , Hoz Tomás Mario de la , Oketani Ryusei , Cohen Boiko , Naruoka Miki , Tohnai Norimitsu , Douhal Abderrazzak , Hisaki Ichiro
Published: November 2024

Hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) composed of multicomponent molecules in a non‐stoichiometric composition have drawn great interest due to their tunable properties. However, the photobehavior of the single crystals of such mixed HOFs has not been explored. Here, we report on the synthesis, characterization and photobehavior of single crystalline non‐stoichiometric HOFs (NS‐HOFs). NS‐HOFs (BTNT‐1) with various composition ratios were successfully obtained as single crystals from two analogue tetratopic carboxylic acids, possessing naphthalene and benzothiadiazole cores (NTTA and BTTA, respectively). The heterogeneous distribution of the components was thoroughly confirmed by time‐resolved fluorescence microscopy and local crystallographic analysis using focused synchrotron X‐ray radiation. The versatile fluorescence of BTNT‐1 behavior depends on the composition ratio and distribution of the component in the single crystals. We observed not only fluorescence bands with various colors such as purple, blue, green and white, depending on the composition ratios, but also different emission bands from a single crystal. We provide details on their emission lifetimes following the composition, emission color and targeted region on the crystal. This work is the first example of single crystal studies applied to organic porous co‐crystals and demonstrates unique and versatile optical properties of carboxylic acid‐based NS‐HOFs. The results provide a concept of creating functional mixed porous materials capable of different and tunable optical properties.
Strengthening an OR Nurse Residency Program: Enhancing Education and Achieving Accreditation
Authors: Weatherly Patricia , Small Nicole , Fencl Jennifer L. (Zinn)
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the implementation and enhancement of an OR nurse residency program at a health care system in North Carolina. Recognizing the unique challenges and skills required in perioperative nursing, program coordinators aimed to support new nurses transitioning into the OR setting. Key enhancements included incorporating AORN's Periop 101: A Core Curriculum to provide consistent, evidence‐based perioperative education and pursuing accreditation through the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education to ensure the highest standards of excellence. The program also emphasizes simulation training, preceptor guidance, and continuous feedback to increase residents’ proficiency and confidence. The integration of Periop 101 has led to successful outcomes, including high pass rates on comprehensive exams and residents achieving the Certified Foundational Perioperative Nurse credential offered by the Competency & Credentialing Institute. This article highlights the importance of structured education, leadership involvement, and continuous improvement to develop competent and skilled OR nurses.
Quantitative Comparison of ROV and Diver‐Based Photogrammetry to Reconstruct Maerl Bed Ecosystems
Authors: Paterson Iona L. R. , Dawson Kathryn E. , Mogg Andrew O. M. , Sayer Martin D. J. , Burdett Heidi L.
Published: November 2024

In a time of ever‐increasing pressure on the coastal ocean and rising costs, the development of effective and efficient methods for assessing the health of marine ecosystems is becoming essential for continued conservation efforts. Taking advantage of technologies such as remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) may be a way of achieving this, but a quantitative check on the quality of ROV‐derived data is necessary. Here, using coralline algae reefs (maerl beds) as a model habitat, we compared 3D seabed reconstructions obtained from structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry surveys from diver‐held and ROV‐mounted camera systems. We found that both approaches achieved satisfactory alignment and mm‐scale resolution, allowing small‐scale features and individual organisms in the maerl bed to be resolved. The higher quality camera system available to divers resulted in generally lower modelling errors, but the spatial extent of surveys was highly restricted. In contrast, although associated with a slightly higher error, we show that much larger areas can be surveys by ROVs—we reconstructed 11,285 m2 of seabed in just 400 min of ROV deployment time. Moving forward, we recommend that a hybrid survey approach is adopted: utilising ROV surveys for large‐scale monitoring and diver surveys for higher detail insights that are informative for areas with highly complex and fine‐scale morphologies (like coralline algae reefs). Here, even small changes in complexity can be indicative of habitat change, and associated species can be small in size so multiscale visual assessment is beneficial.
Assessing the causal association between celiac disease and autism spectrum disorder: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization approach
Authors: Fatoba Abiodun , Simpson Claire
Published: November 2024

The association between celiac disease (CD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains inconclusive. Reports from different observational studies have become controversial, necessitating exploration of the causal relationship between CD and ASD. To assess true causality, this study used a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to determine the causal association between CD and ASD. Summary‐level data from a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of the European population were used to select instrument variables (IVs) at genome‐wide significance (p < 5 × 10−8). The strength of IVs was also evaluated with F‐statistics. The inverse variance weighted method (IVW) was the primary MR analysis, supported by other MR tests such as the weighted median method and weighted mode. The presence of horizontal pleiotropy was tested with MR‐Egger and MR‐PRESSO while other sensitivity analyses such as heterogeneity, leave‐one‐out analysis, and scatterplot were used to assess the validity of our MR results. Our study did not show an association between CD and ASD (OR, 0.994; 95% CI, 0.935–1.057; p = 0.859). There was also no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (MR‐Egger intercept = 0.015; p‐value = 0.223) and heterogeneity (Q = 14.029; p‐value = 0.051). These results were also complemented by the leave‐one‐out analyses, forest plot, and scatter plot, which showed that none of the SNPs influenced the result. The result of this study shows that CD is not causally associated with ASD.
Clinical Presentation and Long‐Term Survival Outcomes of Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS): A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Mancuso K. , Mina R. , Rocchi S. , Antonioli E. , Petrucci M. T. , Fazio F. , Gozzetti A. , Salvini M. , Cartia C. S. , Bertuglia G. , Patriarca F. , Dalla Palma A. B. , Barbato S. , De Cicco G. , Bigi F. , Favero E. , Tacchetti P. , Pantani L. , Rizzello I. , Puppi M. , Talarico M. , Solli V. , Kanapari A. , Cavo M. , Zamagni E.
Published: November 2024

Introduction

MGRS are new rare clinical entities, whose recognition and optimal management is evolving.

Methods

To implement real‐life data, we retrospectively analysed a multicentre cohort of 60 patients with renal biopsy‐proven MGRS receiving mainly novel treatments (between 2006 and 2021) in eight Italian centres. Based on renal biopsy, patients were divided into two subgroups: AL amyloidosis (70%, n = 42) and other‐MGRS (30%, n = 18).

Results

Baseline characteristics follow typical manifestations of MGRS disorders in terms of small clonal burden, laboratory and clinical features. More patients with AL amyloidosis had monotypic lambda light‐chain disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min and nephrotic proteinuria than other‐MGRS group. The most widely used drug was bortezomib, and about one‐third of patients underwent ASCT. Overall response rate was 86% with no differences in the two subgroups. However, high‐quality hematologic responses ≥very good partial response (VGPR) were greater in AL amyloidosis than in other‐MGRS group (67% vs 28%, p = 0.015). The depth of haematological response influenced renal response, obtained in 32 (59%) of evaluable patients, similarly in the subgroups. Indeed, 75% patients with ≥ VGPR (p = 0.049) and none with stable disease (p ≤ 0.001) obtained a renal response. No association between renal response and histotypes (p = 0.9) or type of first‐line therapy (p = 0.3) was found. At a median follow‐up of 54.4 months (IQR 24.8–102.8), median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 100.1 months (95% CI 34.9–NR), and median overall survival not reached (95% CI 129.8–NR). No significant difference emerged between the two groups in terms of survival outcomes. Achieving ≥ VGPR was confirmed as the main independent predictor of prolonged PFS in the general population (HR = 0.29, p = 0.023) and AL amyloidosis group (HR 0.23; p = 0.023). Preserved renal function at diagnosis was predictive of improved PFS in the AL amyloidosis group (eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min: HR = 0.003; p = 0.018; eGFR 30–60 mL/min: HR = 0.04, p = 0.046).

Conclusion

Further research is warranted to develop standardised response criteria and treatment strategies to improve MGRS management.
Fusobacterium nucleatum Abundance is Associated with Cachexia in Colorectal Cancer Patients: The ColoCare Study
Authors: Ilozumba Mmadili N. , Lin Tengda , Hardikar Sheetal , Byrd Doratha A. , Round June L. , Stephens W. Zac , Holowatyj Andreana N. , Warby Christy A. , Damerell Victoria , Li Christopher I. , Figueiredo Jane C. , Toriola Adetunji T. , Shibata David , Fillmore Gary C. , Pickron Bartley , Siegel Erin M. , Kahlert Christoph , Florou Vaia , Gigic Biljana , Ose Jennifer , Ulrich Cornelia M.
Published: November 2024

Background

Cachexia accounts for about 20% of all cancer‐related deaths and indicates poor prognosis. The impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a microbial risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), on the development of cachexia in CRC has not been established.

Methods

We evaluated the association between Fn abundance in pre‐surgical stool samples and onset of cachexia at 6 months post‐surgery in n = 87 patients with stages I–III CRC in the ColoCare Study.

Results

High fecal Fn abundance compared to negative/low fecal Fn abundance was associated with 4‐fold increased risk of cachexia onset at 6 months post‐surgery (OR = 4.82, 95% CI = 1.15, 20.10, p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that high fecal Fn abundance was associated with an increased risk of cachexia at 6 months post‐surgery in CRC patients. This is the first study to link Fn abundance with cachexia in CRC patients, offering novel insights into biological mechanisms and potential management of cancer cachexia. Due to the small sample size, our results should be interpreted with caution. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.
Autoinhibition in (Bio)Chemistry: Identification and Mechanistic Classification
Authors: Horváth Attila K. , Gao Qingyu
Published: November 2024

Autoinhibition is a frequently invoked self‐regulatory mechanism involved in various cellular processes to interpret clearly how these cells may control their complex functioning. This type of temporal behavior generally results in self‐retardation or even in complete shuts down of the undesired reactions to occur meaning that the rate of a certain biochemical reaction is partially or completely retarded. Precise characterization and classification of a complex system where deceleration of the reaction rate is found, however, requires special circumspection to avoid false interpretation. Hereby, it was clearly demonstrated that the retardation effect of an inhibitor is unexpectedly often misidentified as autoinhibition, especially in complex biochemical enzymatic systems. It prompted us to clarify unambiguously the difference between inhibition and autoinhibition. The latter kinetic phenomenon is a special type of inhibition where the inhibitor forms by the result of a chemical or biochemical event exerting the self‐decelerating effect on the rate of its own formation resulting thus in significantly different temporal patterns compared to the ones observed in the case of simple inhibitions. Kinetic activity of autoinhibitor towards the species involved in the given system allowed us to classify direct, indirect and dual autoinhibitions to be supported by real chemical examples.
Debris Embolization to the Lung After a Bioprosthetic (Mitroflow®) Valve Fracture
Authors: Nogales Eliú D. P. , Cabrera Francisco J. , del Mar Ávila Maria , Reyes Elisabet V.
Published: November 2024

This case report shows a valve in valve procedure in pulmonary position of a 19‐year‐old male with a repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. After initial correction, a Mitroflow 23 mm bioprosthetic valve was implanted in pulmonary position. Nine years later severe degeneration of the valve occurred. He underwent percutaneous Melody valve implantation after balloon valvuloplasty and controlled rupture of the Mitroflow prosthesis. A fragment from the fractured prosthesis migrated to the right pulmonary artery without clinical consequences. Postimplantation echocardiography revealed improved hemodynamics. Percutaneous valve implantation on a degenerated bioprosthetic valve is a rising technique with some concerns such as prosthetic‐patient mismatch and potential debris embolization. This report emphasizes the successful use of balloon fracture to achieve larger diameters for the newly implanted valve and notes that debris embolization does not appear to have a clinical impact.
Feature Variable Selection for Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy Based on Simulated Annealing Bee Colony Algorithm
Authors: Shi Jianfei , Tong Baihong , Liu Jinming , Chen Zhengguang , Li Pengfei , Tan Chong
Published: November 2024

Variable selection is an effective method to enhance the modeling performance of near‐infrared spectroscopy. Given the promising application prospects of intelligent optimization algorithms in spectral feature variable selection, this article combines the artificial bee colony algorithm with the simulated annealing algorithm to construct a simulated annealing bee colony algorithm (SABC). To explore the feasibility of SABC for spectral variable selection, SABC was applied to construct a partial least squares spectral quantitative detection model for corn stover cellulose and soil organic matter contents. The modeling performance was compared with that of the full spectrum, genetic algorithm, simulated annealing algorithm, and artificial bee colony algorithm; it was found that the model regression precision established by SABC was the best. For the cellulose and organic matter content detection models, the coefficients of determination of the validation set were 0.9433 and 0.9853, with the relative root mean squared error of 1.7901% and 0.8011%, and the residual prediction deviation of 4.1741 and 8.3931, respectively, which could meet the corresponding actual detection needs. SABC adopted the strategy of multiple runs to select the repeated wavelength variables, effectively reduced variable dimensions and model complexity, improved the prediction performance of the regression model, and provided a new approach for building a high‐performance near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) quantitative calibration model.
π‐Spacer Engineering: Driving Near‐infrared Aggregation Induced‐emission and Mechanofluorochromism in Carbazole‐biscyanostilbenes
Authors: Afrin A , Swamy P Chinna Ayya
Published: November 2024

In this study, we report the design and synthesis of two novel carbazole‐based bis‐cyanostilbenes incorporating phenyl and thiophene π‐spacer units to investigate their distinct impacts on photophysical properties. Notably, the thiophene‐based derivative exhibits remarkable far‐red/near‐infrared (NIR) solid‐state emission, with an emission peak at 732 nm, which shifts to 750 nm upon mechanical grinding, demonstrating pronounced mechanochromic fluorescence in the NIR region. Although its quantum yield is moderate, the ability to modulate its emission through mechanical stimuli opens exciting opportunities for stimuli‐responsive NIR applications. Conversely, the phenyl‐based analogue shows excellent solid‐state emission at 596 nm, achieving significantly higher quantum yields, due to suppressing π‐π interactions. Both compounds also exhibit strong AIE, with the thiophene system emitting at 730 nm and the phenyl‐based analogue at 580 nm in the aggregate state. In addition to their optical properties, both derivatives demonstrate remarkable thermal stability and reversible MFC. These intriguing behaviors highlight the critical role of π‐spacer engineering in fine‐tuning solid‐state emission, enhancing stimuli‐responsive capabilities, and ensuring robust thermal performance. Overall, our findings provide valuable insights into the design of next‐generation NIR‐emissive materials, with promising potential for advancing applications in optoelectronics, bioimaging, and smart sensing technologies.
Novel Easy‐to‐Synthesize Hydrazine Multi‐channel Detection and Adsorption Materials
Authors: Liu Juan , Zhao Hou‐Yi , Liu Zi‐Wen , Chen Peng‐Yu , Tao Shao‐Ping , Wu Lan , Li Gui‐Hua , Cui Lu‐Juan , Lin Qi
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive Summary

Hydrazine hydrate (DH) is a widely used chemical agent, but it is highly toxic. Thus, the development of low‐cost and easy‐to‐prepare materials for the detection and adsorption of DH is very significant. Herein, a novel and easy‐to‐prepare supramolecular smart material based on bisquinoline‐functionalized naphthalene diimide (DQ8) has been designed and synthesized. In the DQ8, the synergistic effect between quinoline and naphthalene diimide groups has been employed to improve the selectivity and sensitivity for binding of DH. The DQ8‐based crystalline porous material (DQ8‐CPM) can simultaneously detect and adsorb DH and produce noticeable fluorescence color changes after adsorption of DH vapor. More significantly, the DQ8‐CPM shows nice recycling performance on DH detection and adsorption. Meanwhile, a smart gel based on DQ8 (DQ8‐G) shows multi‐channel response for DH through color, fluorescence, and state changes. The DQ8 shows high selectivity and sensitivity for DH. The detection limit of DQ8 for DH is 8.6 × 10–7 mol/L. According to the investigation of the DH binding and response mechanism, the synergistic effect between quinoline and naphthalene diimide groups plays an important role in the DH response process. It's a simple and feasible way to develop materials for detection and adsorption of DH through synergistic effects.
Beyond the Surface: A Unique Presentation of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia as Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Report
Authors: Mirhosseini Amirhossein , Shariat Mirmassoud , Ebrahimi Mandana , Saeedy Negar , Nouri Behnaz
Published: November 2024

Background

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia defined by a fusion gene transcript called PML::RARA. Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) is characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) and presents with pulsatile tinnitus, headaches, and visual disturbances. Pseudotumor cerebri has been observed in some patients undergoing long‐term ATRA therapy. While both APL and PTC have been individually described in the literature, their coexistence in a single patient, especially with PTC being the first clinical manifestation of APL, is an exceptionally rare occurrence, making this case particularly unique and warranting further investigation.

Case Presentation

We present the case of a 30‐year‐old woman who initially presented with symptoms suggestive of PTC. The diagnosis of PTC was confirmed through a lumbar puncture. However, further investigations revealed that the patient had APL, which is typically sensitive to treatment with all‐trans‐retinoic acid (ATRA). To our knowledge, the association between APL and PTC as the first clinical manifestation of APL in adult patients has not been previously reported in the literature, further highlighting the exceptional rarity of this case.

Conclusions

This case underscores the importance of considering underlying systemic diseases in patients presenting with PTC, as it may represent an exceptionally rare initial manifestation of a rare underlying malignancy such as APL. The coexistence of APL and PTC in this patient highlights the need for a comprehensive evaluation and management approach to promptly diagnose and treat coexisting conditions. Healthcare providers must be aware of this association and consider the possibility of APL when evaluating patients with PTC symptoms. Such awareness can prompt timely recognition and appropriate management, thereby improving patient outcomes and preventing potential delays in diagnosis and treatment.
The Determination of the Mechanical, Optoelectronic, Structural and Transport Attributes of Double Perovskite A2InGaBr6 (A=K, Rb, Cs) Halides for Renewable Energies: A DFT Study
Authors: Akhtar Masoofa , Munir Junaid , Ain Quratul , Aldwayyan Abdullah S. , Ghaithan Hamid M. , Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed Ali , Qaid Saif M. H.
Published: November 2024

Safer and more environmentally friendly alternatives to lead‐based perovskites include lead‐free halide perovskites, which retain good optoelectronic capabilities while reducing environmental toxicity. They also align better with ecological and regulatory standards for green technologies. In this manuscript, we have presented the first principles analysis of the physical traits of A2InGaBr6 (A=K, Rb, Cs). The exchange‐correlation effects are treated with mBJ potential. The structural characteristic of A2InGaBr6 (A=K, Rb, Cs) was assessed through the volume optimization curves, formation energies and tolerance factor. The elastic properties of the studied halides are analyzed through elastic constants. The electronic band structures revealed indirect bandgaps for K2InGaBr6, Rb2InGaBr6, and Cs2InGaBr6. The optical properties indicate promising potential in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices for A2InGaBr6 (A=K, Rb, Cs). The transport properties for the studied halides are computed using the BoltzTraP code, which reveals that these halides are promising candidates for thermoelectricity.
Guidelines for the Authority of Arbitral Tribunals Regarding Written Evidence: A Jordanian Legal Perspective
Authors: Almajali Tawfiq Aref , Qhaiwi Jalal Mohammad A. L. , Rayyan Ihab Fahmi , Abuelghanam Saad Abdelkarim
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the guidelines of Jordanian arbitral tribunals concerning documentary or written evidence and relevant procedures, such as compelling litigants or third parties to submit relevant written documents, in an arbitration dispute context. Notably, arbitral tribunals lack the power of compulsion; therefore, they must seek assistance from the competent court based on its ancillary role compared to a judge in a court proceeding. In line with the principle of arbitrability, the judge has the authority to compel the presentation of written documents or allow a challenge over the validity of written evidence. However, challenging the validity of evidence falls exclusively under the jurisdiction of the criminal court. The study concludes that the discretionary authority granted to arbitral tribunals is not absolute but is subject to specific guidelines and oversight by the court of annulment.
Synthesis of Aminodiborane From Ammonia Borane Using Different Lewis Acids: A Competing Reaction for Diborane Formation with Boron Trihalides (BX3, X=Cl, Br)
Authors: Nair Abhishek , Savita Navneet , Poonia Somesh , Elias Anil J.
Published: November 2024

The dehydrogenation of ammonia borane in the presence of a variety of Lewis acids such as ICl, IBr, Br2, CuCl2, AlCl3, GaCl3, InCl3, and [Ph3C]BF4 at a concentration of 7.5 mol % was effective in selectively producing aminodiborane (μ‐NH₂B₂H₅, ADB) at 80 °C. Compounds such as ICl, IBr, Br2, AlCl3, and GaCl3 at the same concentration could also generate ADB at lower temperatures of 35 °C and 50 °C. In contrast, BX3 (X=Cl, Br) at the same concentration of 7.5 mol % was found to give exclusively B2H6. Further, selective synthesis of diborane or ADB was achieved by adjusting the stoichiometry of the boron trihalides. A concentration of 7.5 mol % (upto 1 equivalent) of BBr3 favored the formation of B2H6, while 1 mol % BBr3 predominantly yielded ADB. Interestingly, both ADB and B2H6 facilitated the reduction of acetanilides. A mechanism has been proposed for both diborane and ADB formation using these Lewis acids.
Immobilized Eosin Y on Modified Silica Nanoparticles and their Applications in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Guadalupe Martin M. , Clavero Lucio R. , Martín Sandra E. , Uberman Paula M. , Budén María E.
Published: November 2024

The development of novel photocatalytic systems is crucial for advancing sustainable chemical processes in organic synthesis. In this study, we report the preparation, characterization, and application of a heterogeneous photocatalyst based on Eosin Y (EY) covalently immobilized on silica nanoparticles (SNPs). The SNPs‐EY photocatalyst was thoroughly characterized using various techniques, including SEM, TEM, X‐ray diffraction, UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, solid‐state fluorescence spectroscopy, XPS, FT‐IR, TGA, and DLS. These analyses confirmed the successful immobilization of EY on SNPs and demonstrated the uniformity and favourable photophysical properties of the resulting hybrid material. The photocatalytic performance of SNPs‐EY was evaluated in a series of model reactions, including aza‐Henry reaction (cross‐dehydrogenative coupling), reduction of nitrocompounds, and photooxidation of dimethylanthracene. The reaction results demonstrated that SNPs‐EY is an effective and recyclable photocatalyst, offering yields comparable to or higher than those of homogeneous systems, while providing the advantages of easy separation and reuse. This study highlights the potential of SNPs‐EY as a versatile photocatalyst for various organic transformations, promoting the advancement of green and sustainable chemistry.
Artificial Dermis Graft Following Basal Cell Carcinoma Removal on the Nose: A Comparison of Scar Contracture Across Nasal Subunits
Authors: Lee Kyu‐Il , Choi Ye‐Won , Han Seung‐Kyu , Jeong Seong‐Ho , Dhong Eun‐Sang
Published: November 2024

Background

This study aimed to compare the degree of scar contracture following artificial dermis grafting after excision of basal cell carcinoma on the nose categorized by defect location into three nasal subunits.

Methods

Anthropometric analysis was conducted on seven parameters using patients' photographs to compare changes between preoperative and postoperative measurements based on nasal subunits. Defect locations were classified as: (1) dorsum and sidewalls (D zone), (2) tip (T zone), and (3) alar lobule (A zone).

Results

The greatest change in alar height asymmetry was observed in zone A. Changes in nasal tip projection ratio and nasofrontal angle were the most significant in zone T. No other measurements showed statistically significant differences among the three zones.

Conclusions

Careful consideration is recommended when applying artificial dermis grafting in zones A and T. Conversely, zone D appears to be the most suitable for artificial dermis grafting.
Thriving for Nothing? The Hidden Costs of Thriving for Employees With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Their Employers
Authors: Blondel Thomas , Alfes Kerstin , Lup Daniela
Published: November 2024

Research has shown that thriving at work leads to positive outcomes for both organizations and employees. A critical element of thriving is self‐regulation, which enables employees to effectively manage their emotions and behaviors in alignment with their long‐term goals. However, there is a limited understanding of how employees experience thriving when self‐regulation is impaired. In this article, we integrate thriving theory and one of its central elements, self‐regulation, with research on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which has shown that the condition is associated with reduced and sometimes severely impaired self‐regulation. Empirically, we explore how employees with ADHD experience thriving at work using a qualitative study of working individuals. In contrast to previous findings, our study uncovers a dark side of thriving for employees with ADHD, with negative consequences for their wellbeing and growth opportunities, and ultimately an increased likelihood of voluntary quitting. In our analysis, we explain why, despite an initial positive boost in productivity, thriving ends up being a harmful process for employees with ADHD. We argue that low self‐regulation, together with low self‐esteem and fear of failure, drive them to work excessively and neglect caring for themselves and their families. We develop recommendations for employees with ADHD and their companies to stop this negative downward spiral.
Measuring Metabolic Changes in Cancer Cells Using Two‐Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy and Machine‐Learning Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Wallrabe Horst , Siller Karsten , Mbogo Brian , Cassidy Thomas , Alam Shagufta Rehman , Periasamy Ammasi
Published: November 2024

Two‐photon (2P) fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was used to track cellular metabolism with drug treatment of auto‐fluorescent coenzymes NAD(P)H and FAD in living cancer cells. Simultaneous excitation at 800 nm of both coenzymes was compared with traditional sequential 740/890 nm plus another alternative of 740/800 nm, before and after adding doxorubicin in an imaging time course. Changes of redox states at single cell resolution were compared by three analysis methods: our recently introduced fluorescence lifetime redox ratio (FLIRR: NAD(P)H‐a
2%/FAD‐a
1%), machine‐learning (ML) algorithms using principal component (PCA) and non‐linear multi‐Feature autoencoder (AE) analysis. While all three led to similar biological conclusions (early drug response), the ML models provided statistically the most robust significant results. The advantage of the single 800 nm excitation of both coenzymes for metabolic imaging in above mentioned analysis is demonstrated.
Role of PD‐1 in modulating IFN‐γ‐CXCL9/10‐CXCR3 signaling in breast cancer
Authors: Hong Lei , Huang Fang , Hu Zexian , Dong Qian , Kong Yan , Zheng Xuan , Li Man , Cui Yanzhi
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer represents a significant health burden globally, necessitating ongoing advancements in treatment strategies for improved patient outcomes. Immunotherapy, particularly targeting immune checkpoints like programmed death‐1 (PD‐1), has emerged as a promising approach in cancer therapy. This study focuses on elucidating the role of PD‐1 in modulating the IFN‐γ‐CXCL9/10‐CXCR3 signaling axis within the breast cancer microenvironment. By investigating the synergistic effects of PD‐1 inhibitors in combination with Inetetamab, our research aims to uncover novel therapeutic targets for enhancing immunotherapy efficacy in breast cancer. Through comprehensive experimental analysis, we seek to deepen our understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying immune regulation in breast cancer, thereby paving the way for more effective and sustainable treatment strategies. Ultimately, our study endeavors to establish a robust theoretical framework that can guide the development of innovative clinical interventions, aiming for improved outcomes in breast cancer patients.
Ophthalmic Artery Doppler as a Predictor of Adverse Neonatal Outcomes in Women With Preeclampsia
Authors: Monteiro Viviane Nascimento Pereira , de Oliveira Cristiane Alves , Gomes Junior Saint Clair , do Cima Luciana Carneiro , Naves Wellington Ued , Diniz Angélica Lemes Debs , Araujo Júnior Edward , de Sá Renato Augusto Moreira
Published: November 2024

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the association between ophthalmic artery (OA) Doppler indices and adverse neonatal outcomes in women with pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia (PE).

Methods

A prospective cross‐sectional study involving 110 pregnant women who were diagnosed with PE in the first 24 h of hospitalization was conducted at three hospitals in southeastern Brazil from April 2020 to December 2022. The ophthalmic parameters analyzed were the resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), first peak systolic velocity (PSV1), second peak systolic velocity (PSV2), ratio of PSV2 to PSV1 (PSV ratio or the peak ratio [PR]), and end‐diastolic velocity (EDV). The outcome measures were neonatal death (during hospitalization), neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) admission, gestational age at delivery < 32 weeks, birth weight < 1500 g, birth weight < 10th percentile, the presence of comorbidities associated with prematurity, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, an Apgar score at the 5th minute < 7.0, and signs of neurological impairment.

Results

Pregnant women with severe features of PE showed higher values of systolic (152.8 ± 20.7 vs. 136.3 ± 11.9, p = 0.000) and diastolic (98.1 ± 12.8 vs. 88.1 ± 10.8, p = 0.000) blood pressure values and lower gestational age at admission (31.5 ± 3.8 vs. 33.7 ± 4.3, p = 0.009) than PE without severe features. No significant differences were found between the mean values of the OA Doppler indices when comparing the presence or absence of neonatal outcomes in the women with PE.

Conclusions

OA Doppler, while valuable for the prediction, diagnosis, and evaluation of adverse maternal outcomes, does not independently predict adverse neonatal outcomes in women with severe features of PE.