bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid metabolism in aggressive B-cell lymphoma is inhibited by tetraspanin CD37
Authors: Peeters Rens , Cuenca-Escalona Jorge , Zaal Esther A. , Hoekstra Anna T. , Balvert Anouk C. G. , Vidal-Manrique Marcos , Blomberg Niek , van Deventer Sjoerd J. , Stienstra Rinke , Jellusova Julia , Giera Martin , Hannibal Luciana , Spiekerkoetter Ute , ter Beest Martin , Berkers Celia R. , van Spriel Annemiek B.
Published: September 2022

The importance of fatty acid (FA) metabolism in cancer is well-established, yet the mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming remain elusive. Here, we identify tetraspanin CD37, a prognostic marker for aggressive B-cell lymphoma, as essential membrane-localized inhibitor of FA metabolism. Deletion of CD37 on lymphoma cells results in increased FA oxidation shown by functional assays and metabolomics. Furthermore, CD37-negative lymphomas selectively deplete palmitate from serum in mouse studies. Mechanistically, CD37 inhibits the FA transporter FATP1 through molecular interaction. Consequently, deletion of CD37 induces uptake and processing of exogenous palmitate into energy and essential building blocks for proliferation, and inhibition of FATP1 reverses this phenotype. Large lipid deposits and intracellular lipid droplets are observed in CD37-negative lymphoma tissues of patients. Moreover, inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 A significantly compromises viability and proliferation of CD37-deficient lymphomas. Collectively, our results identify CD37 as a direct gatekeeper of the FA metabolic switch in aggressive B-cell lymphoma.
Systematic evaluation of antimicrobial food preservatives on glucose metabolism and gut microbiota in healthy mice
Authors: Li Ping , Li Ming , Wu Tao , Song Ying , Li Yan , Huang Xiaochang , Lu Hui , Xu Zhenjiang Zech
Published: September 2022

Certain antimicrobial preservatives (APs) have been shown to perturb gut microbiota. So far, it is not yet fully known that whether similar effects are observable for a more diverse set of APs. It also remains elusive if biogenic APs are superior to synthetic APs in terms of safety. To help fill these knowledge gaps, the effects of eleven commonly used synthetic and biogenic APs on the gut microbiota and glucose metabolism were evaluated in the wild-type healthy mice. Here, we found that APs induced glucose intolerance and perturbed gut microbiota, irrespective of their origin. In addition, biogenic APs are not always safer than synthetic ones. The biogenic AP nisin unexpectedly induced the most significant effects, which might be partially mediated by glucagon-like peptide 1 related glucoregulatory hormones secretion perturbation.
Stem cell-derived synthetic embryos self-assemble by exploiting cadherin codes and cortical tension
Authors: Bao Min , Cornwall-Scoones Jake , Sanchez-Vasquez Estefania , Cox Andy L. , Chen Dong-Yuan , De Jonghe Joachim , Shadkhoo Shahriar , Hollfelder Florian , Thomson Matt , Glover David M. , Zernicka-Goetz Magdalena
Published: September 2022

Mammalian embryos sequentially differentiate into trophectoderm and an inner cell mass, the latter of which differentiates into primitive endoderm and epiblast. Trophoblast stem (TS), extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) and embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from these three lineages can self-assemble into synthetic embryos, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that a stem cell-specific cadherin code drives synthetic embryogenesis. The XEN cell cadherin code enables XEN cell sorting into a layer below ES cells, recapitulating the sorting of epiblast and primitive endoderm before implantation. The TS cell cadherin code enables TS cell sorting above ES cells, resembling extraembryonic ectoderm clustering above epiblast following implantation. Whereas differential cadherin expression drives initial cell sorting, cortical tension consolidates tissue organization. By optimizing cadherin code expression in different stem cell lines, we tripled the frequency of correctly formed synthetic embryos. Thus, by exploiting cadherin codes from different stages of development, lineage-specific stem cells bypass the preimplantation structure to directly assemble a postimplantation embryo.
Draft genome assemblies of four manakins
Authors: Li Xuemei , Gao Rongsheng , Chen Guangji , Price Alivia Lee , Øksnebjerg Daniel Bilyeli , Hosner Peter Andrew , Zhou Yang , Zhang Guojie , Feng Shaohong
Published: September 2022

Manakins are a family of small suboscine passerine birds characterized by their elaborate courtship displays, non-monogamous mating system, and sexual dimorphism. This family has served as a good model for the study of sexual selection. Here we present genome assemblies of four manakin species, including Cryptopipo holochlora, Dixiphia pipra (also known as Pseudopipra pipra), Machaeropterus deliciosus and Masius chrysopterus, generated by Single-tube Long Fragment Read (stLFR) technology. The assembled genome sizes ranged from 1.10 Gb to 1.19 Gb, with average scaffold N50 of 29 Mb and contig N50 of 169 Kb. On average, 12,055 protein-coding genes were annotated in the genomes, and 9.79% of the genomes were annotated as repetitive elements. We further identified 75 Mb of Z-linked sequences in manakins, containing 585 to 751 genes and an ~600 Kb pseudoautosomal region (PAR). One notable finding from these Z-linked sequences is that a possible Z-to-autosome/PAR reversal could have occurred in M. chrysopterus. These de novo genomes will contribute to a deeper understanding of evolutionary history and sexual selection in manakins.
ID-RDRL: a deep reinforcement learning-based feature selection intrusion detection model
Authors: Ren Kezhou , Zeng Yifan , Cao Zhiqin , Zhang Yingchao
Published: September 2022

Network assaults pose significant security concerns to network services; hence, new technical solutions must be used to enhance the efficacy of intrusion detection systems. Existing approaches pay insufficient attention to data preparation and inadequately identify unknown network threats. This paper presents a network intrusion detection model (ID-RDRL) based on RFE feature extraction and deep reinforcement learning. ID-RDRL filters the optimum subset of features using the RFE feature selection technique, feeds them into a neural network to extract feature information and then trains a classifier using DRL to recognize network intrusions. We utilized CSE-CIC-IDS2018 as a dataset and conducted tests to evaluate the model’s performance, which is comprised of a comprehensive collection of actual network traffic. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ID-RDRL model can select the optimal subset of features, remove approximately 80% of redundant features, and learn the selected features through DRL to enhance the IDS performance for network attack identification. In a complicated network environment, it has promising application potential in IDS.
A 3D analysis revealed complexe mitochondria morphologies in porcine cumulus cells
Authors: Lounas Amel , Lebrun Ariane , Laflamme Isabelle , Vernoux Nathalie , Savage Julie , Tremblay Marie-Ève , Germain Marc , Richard François J.
Published: September 2022

In the ovarian follicle, a bilateral cell-to-cell communication exists between the female germ cell and the cumulus cells which surround the oocyte. This communication allows the transit of small size molecules known to impact oocyte developmental competence. Pyruvate derivatives produced by mitochondria, are one of these transferred molecules. Interestingly, mitochondria may adopt a variety of morphologies to regulate their functions. In this study, we described mitochondrial morphologies in porcine cumulus cells. Active mitochondria were stained with TMRM (Tetramethylrhodamine, Methyl Ester, Perchlorate) and observed with 2D confocal microscopy showing mitochondria of different morphologies such as short, intermediate, long, and very long. The number of mitochondria of each phenotype was quantified in cells and the results showed that most cells contained elongated mitochondria. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed at nanoscale resolution the different mitochondrial morphologies including round, short, intermediate, and long. Interestingly, 3D visualisation by focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed different complex mitochondrial morphologies including connected clusters of different sizes, branched mitochondria, as well as individual mitochondria. Since mitochondrial dynamics is a key regulator of function, the description of the mitochondrial network organisation will allow to further study mitochondrial dynamics in cumulus cells in response to various conditions such as in vitro maturation.
Probing the origin and stability of bivalency in copper based porous coordination network and its application for H2S gas capture
Authors: Gupta Nishesh Kumar , Kim Eun Ji , Bae Jiyeol , Kim Kwang Soo
Published: September 2022

A bivalent Cu(I,II) metal–organic framework (MOF) based on the 4,4′,4″-s-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl-tribenzoate linker was synthesized via a solvothermal method. The MOF possessed 43.8% of the Cu sites as Cu+ with a surface area of 1257 m2 g−1. The detailed spectroscopic analysis confirmed dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent as the reductant responsible for Cu+ sites in the synthesized MOF. The Cu+ sites were easily accessible and prone to oxidation in hot water or acidic gas environment. The MOF showed water-induced structural change, which could be partially recovered after soaking in DMF solvent. The synthesized MOF showed a high hydrogen sulfide (H2S) uptake capacity of 4.3 mmol g–1 at 298 K and an extremely low H2S pressure of 0.0005 bar. The adsorption capacity was the highest among Cu-based MOFs with PCN-6-M being regenerable, which made it useful for deep desulfurization applications. The adsorbed H2S was mineralized to sulfide, sulfur, and sulfates, mediated by the Cu+/Cu2+ redox cycle in the presence of adsorbed water and molecular oxygen. Thus, the study confirmed that DMF as a reductant is responsible for the origin of bivalency in PCN-6-M and possibly in other Cu-based MOFs reported in the literature. Also, the developed MOF could be a potential candidate for flue gas desulfurization and gas purification applications.
Mass transfer kinetics (soluble solids gain and water loss) of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration of apple slices
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Cheraghi Rana , Rasouli Majid
Published: September 2022

Ultrasound (sonication) treatment can be used directly for dehydration or pre-treatment before the osmotic dehydration (OD) procedure of fruit or vegetable particles. The combination of this technique with the OD technique can further improve the dehydration process efficiencies by increasing the mass transfer rates and enhancing final product quality. In this study, apple slices were osmotically dehydrated in different hypertonic sucrose solutions and assisted with or without ultrasound. Sucrose concentrations (in three levels of 30, 40, and 50° Brix), sonication power (in three levels of 0, 75, and 150 W), and treatment time (in six time intervals: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min) were the factors investigated concerning weight reduction, soluble solids gain, water loss and rehydration. Also, mass transfer kinetics were modelled according to Page, Newton, Midilli, Logarithmic, Verma, and Two terms equations. Increased sucrose solution concentration resulted in higher weight reduction, soluble solids gain and water loss. Also, increased sonication power levels resulted in higher weight reduction, soluble solids gain and water loss. The average rehydration ratio of apple slices decreased from 237.7 to 177.5%, by increasing osmotic solution concentration from 30 to 50%. The Page equation showed the best fitting for water loss data. The effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) of apple slices during OD calculated using Fick’s second law applied to a slab geometry was found to be in the range of 1.48 × 10–10 and 4.62 × 10–10 m2s−1 for water loss.
Vinyl cation-mediated intramolecular hydroarylation of alkynes using pyridinium reagents
Authors: Corcoran James C. , Guo Rui , Xia Yue , Wang Yi-Ming
Published: September 2022

Cyclization of alkyne-tethered arenes in the presence of a designer Brønsted acid to give benzocycloheptenes and benzocyclohexenes.
Silicon–nitrogen bond formation via dealkynative coupling of amines with bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene mediated by KHMDS
Authors: Kuciński Krzysztof , Hreczycho Grzegorz
Published: September 2022

Dealkynative coupling – an almost unknown methodology to obtain silicon–nitrogen bonds with extremely high chemoselectivity.
Development of γ-Al2O3 with oxygen vacancies induced by amorphous structures for photocatalytic reduction of CO2
Authors: Li Shao-Qiang , Liu Ying , Li Yi-Lei , Hao Ying-Juan , Liu Rui-Hong , Chen Lan-Ju , Li Fa-Tang
Published: September 2022

Inducing amorphous components into Al2O3 leads to elongation of the Al–O bond and the formation of oxygen vacancies, which makes Al2O3 an independent photocatalyst for CO2 adsorption and reduction.
Geometries of hydrogen bonds in water–ethanol mixtures from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ghanghas Ritu , Vasudevan Sukumaran
Published: September 2022

A simple procedure to determine the geometry of hydrogen bonds between different molecular species in binary water–alcohol mixtures at different compositions from ab initio MD simulations is outlined.
Diffusion equation for the longitudinal spectral diffusion: the case of the RIDME experiment
Authors: Kuzin Sergei , Jeschke Gunnar , Yulikov Maxim
Published: September 2022

Relaxation-induced dipolar modulation enhancement (RIDME) time traces follow linear scaling law with proton concentration in homogeneous glassy water–glycerol samples and can be described quantitatively by a newly derived diffusion equation.
Possibility of regulating valley-contrasting physics and topological properties by ferroelectricity in functionalized arsenene
Authors: Ren Xiaohan , Wang Yaping , Ji Weixiao , Ren Miaojuan , Wang Peiji , Zhang Shufeng , Li Shengshi , Zhang Changwen
Published: September 2022

The coexistence and coupling between valley-contrasting physics, ferroelectricity and nontrivial topological properties are identified in 2D monolayer AsCH2OH.
The nearly free electron states and the conductivity limited by electron–phonon scattering of an OH-terminated MXene material, a case study of the Hf2C(OH)2 monolayer
Authors: Feng Lanting , Yu Guodong , Zheng Yisong
Published: September 2022

Both large velocity and weak electron–phonon coupling are important for realizing the ultrahigh conductivity dominated by the nearly free electron states in materials.
Correction: First-principles insights into hydrogen trapping in interstitial-vacancy complexes in vanadium carbide
Authors: Tang Shuai , Li Lin-xian , Peng Qing , Yan Hai-le , Cai Ming-hui , Li Jian-ping , Liu Zhen-yu , Wang Guo-dong
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘First-principles insights into hydrogen trapping in interstitial-vacancy complexes in vanadium carbide’ by Shuai Tang et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d2cp02425j.
Ultrathin Ru–Ni nanounits as hydrogen oxidation catalysts with an alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Liu Yuanjun , Zuo Longkun , Zhou Zhihang , Zhang Junhao , Kang Ziliang , Zhu Jun , Zhu Guoxing
Published: September 2022

Ultrathin RuNi nanounits were synthesized, which show excellent catalytic activity for hydrogen oxidation in alkaline solution.
Hierarchically hollow N-doped carbon-cobalt nanoparticle heterointerface for efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Leng Xinyan , Ling Cong , Lu Xiao-Jie , Qin Chenchen , Zhang Jian , Li Jing-Han , Xu An-Wu , Yang Zhengkun
Published: September 2022

A novel organic-acid-assisted cleaving strategy fabricates hierarchically porous carbon nanocages with embedded Co nanoparticles for simultaneous ORR and OER.
Direct determination of lanthanides by LIBS in REE-rich ores: comparison between univariate and DoE based multivariate calibrations with respect to spectral resolution
Authors: Akhmetzhanov Timur F. , Popov Andrey M.
Published: September 2022

The problem of natural lanthanide correlation in ores combined with strong line overlapping is addressedviaa DoE based on LHS and multivariate regression. The comparison of the analytical performance of high- and low-resolution spectrometers is presented.
Non-adhesive contrast substrate for single-cell trapping and Raman spectroscopic analysis
Authors: Peethan Alina , M Aravind , Chidangil Santhosh , George Sajan D.
Published: September 2022

Droplet splitting by exploiting tailored surface wettability is emerging as an important pathway to creating ultralow volumes of samples that can have applications in bioassays, tissue engineering, protein chips, and material synthesis.
Pore performance: artificial nanoscale constructs that mimic the biomolecular transport of the nuclear pore complex
Authors: Andersson John , Svirelis Justas , Medin Jesper , Järlebark Julia , Hailes Rebekah , Dahlin Andreas
Published: September 2022

We review advances in artificial mimics of nuclear pore complexes, with particular focus on synthetic replication of the shuttle-cargo transport mechanism of biomolecules.
Simultaneous and visual detection of multiple dopes by an aptamer/AuNPs sensor
Authors: Fu Xuancheng , Gou Miaomiao , Zhang Yong , Su Hao , Zhao Haotian , Liu Chang , Han Jing
Published: September 2022

Through introducing multiple aptamers in a suitable ratio, we achieved the simultaneous and visual detection of three dopes in one sensor.
Exclusive SAPO-seeded synthesis of ZK-5 zeolite for selective synthesis of methylamines
Authors: Wu Rui , Han Jinfeng , Wang Yunzheng , Chen Mengyang , Tian Peng , Zhou Xue , Xu Jun , Zhang Jia-Nan , Yan Wenfu
Published: September 2022

ZK-5 zeolite with superior selectivity for monomethylamine (MMA) plus dimethylamine (DMA) is fast synthesized using the exclusive silicoaluminophosphate SAPO-34 seed and K+and Na+cations.
APb2(C7H3NO4)2I (A = K, Rb, Cs): rare stable nonlinear optical crystals with second-harmonic generation response and highly distorted lead core coordination polyhedra
Authors: Geng Zi-Long , Zhou Zi-Qi , Tang Hong-Xin , Bao Wen-Xiu , Fu Rui-Biao , Wu Xin-Tao
Published: September 2022

APb2(C7H3NO4)2I (A = K, Rb, Cs) features a 3D NCS cubic framework consisting of highly distorted [PbNO5] and [PbNO4I] coordination polyhedra, a moderate SHG response, a wide transparent window and a high thermal stability above 300 °C.
Emerging nanosensor platforms and machine learning strategies toward rapid, point-of-need small-molecule metabolite detection and monitoring
Authors: Leong Shi Xuan , Leong Yong Xiang , Koh Charlynn Sher Lin , Tan Emily Xi , Nguyen Lam Bang Thanh , Chen Jaslyn Ru Ting , Chong Carice , Pang Desmond Wei Cheng , Sim Howard Yi Fan , Liang Xiaochen , Tan Nguan Soon , Ling Xing Yi
Published: September 2022

Overview of the current status on emerging, multi-faceted nanosensor platform designs and data analysis strategies for rapid, point-of-need detection and monitoring of small-molecule metabolites.
Trimodal hierarchical porous carbon nanorods enable high-performance Na–Se batteries
Authors: Huang Xiang Long , Zhang Xiaofeng , Yi Mingjie , Wang Ye , Zhang Shaohui , Chong Shaokun , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue , Wang Zhiming
Published: September 2022

Technical bottlenecks of polyselenide shuttling and material volume variation significantly hamper the development of emerging sodium–selenium (Na–Se) batteries.
Efficient direct lignin fuel cells enabled by hierarchical nickel–iron phosphide nanosheets as an anode catalyst
Authors: Liu Fei , Lusi A. , Radhakrishnan Harish , Liu Hengzhou , Li Wenzhen , Qin Hantang , Jiang Shan , Bai Xianglan , Shan Hu
Published: September 2022

Hierarchical nickel–iron phosphide nanosheets were reported as a novel anode catalyst for direct lignin fuel cells at low temperature. When NiFeP with a Ni/Fe ratio of 1 was used, the fuel cell produced a maximum power density of 24 mW cm−2.
Correction: A bifunctional catalyst of ultrathin cobalt selenide nanosheets for plastic-electroreforming-assisted green hydrogen generation
Authors: Li Ying , Zhao Yunxing , Zhao Hu , Wang Zilei , Li Hong , Gao Pingqi
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘A bifunctional catalyst of ultrathin cobalt selenide nanosheets for plastic-electroreforming-assisted green hydrogen generation’ by Ying Li et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta04286j.
Transplantation of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated with Hydroactive® Gel promotes diabetic wound antifibrotic healing in type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Jiao Yiren , Chen Xiaolin , Nong Baoting , Luo Mingxun , Niu Yongxia , Huang Sunxing , Zhang Jue , Wei Aisheng , Huang Junjiu
Published: September 2022

Hydroactive® Gel promotes WJMSCs-mediated diabetic wound antifibrotic healing through promoting macrophage transformation, facilitating cell proliferation and angiogenesis, prolonging cell retention time.
High efficiency near-infrared light emission and ultra-high stability of the lead-free double perovskite Cs2Na1−xAgxBi1−yAlyCl6
Authors: He Bin , Wei Qilin , Ke Bao , Wu Zixuan , Zhao Hualin , Wei Jieyu , Yang Chengzhi , Jin Shuya , Zou Bingsuo
Published: September 2022

Co-Doping with Al and Ag ions modifies the band structure of Cs2NaBiCl6 to give strong near-infrared emission.
The hydrophobic residue Leu73 is crucial for the high stability and low aggregation properties of murine transthyretin
Authors: Nakagawa Mei , Obita Takayuki , Mizuguchi Mineyuki
Published: September 2022

Destabilization of human transthyretin leads to its aggregation into amyloid fibrils, which causes a rare, progressive and fatal systemic disorder called ATTR amyloidosis. By contrast, murine transthyretin is known to be very stable and therefore does not aggregate into amyloid fibrils in vivo or in vitro. We examined the hydrophobic residues responsible for the high-stability and low-aggregation properties of murine transthyretin using site-directed mutagenesis. Urea-induced unfolding and thioflavin T fluorescence aggregation assay revealed that Leu73 of murine transthyretin largely contributes to its high stability and low aggregation properties: the I73L mutation stabilized human transthyretin, while the L73I mutation destabilized murine transthyretin. In addition, the I26V/I73L mutation stabilized the amyloidogenic V30M mutant of human transthyretin to the same degree as the suppressor mutation T119M, which protects transthyretin against amyloid fibril aggregation. The I73L mutation resulted in no significant differences in the overall structure of the transthyretin tetramer or the contacts of side-chains in the hydrophobic core of the monomer. We also found that Leu73 of murine transthyretin is conserved in many mammals, while Ile73 of human transthyretin is conserved in monkeys and cats. These studies will provide new insights into the stability and aggregation properties of transthyretin from various mammals.
ARIEL & SANDA nuclear data activities
Authors: Franzen Carola , Junghans Arnd R. , Gonzalez Enrique M. , Plompen Arjan J. M.
Published: September 2022

Nuclear data are fundamental quantities for developing nuclear energy concepts and research. They are essential for the simulation of nuclear systems, safety and performance calculations, and reactor instrumentation. Nuclear data improvement requires a combination of many different know-hows that are distributed over many institutions along Europe. In the EURATOM call for Nuclear Fission and Radiation Protection NFRP-2018, two nuclear data projects were started in September 2019: the Coordination and Support Action ARIEL (Accelerator and Research reactor Infrastructures for Education and Learning) and the Research and Innovation Action SANDA (Solving Challenges in Nuclear Data for the Safety of European Nuclear facilities). The ARIEL project integrates education and training of young scientists and technicians with access to neutron beam research infrastructures and supports scientific visits to conduct short-term research projects relevant to thesis works. The SANDA project is focuses on research innovation actions, including detector and nuclear target development, important nuclear data measurements, nuclear data evaluation, and validation. A description of these ongoing projects, including the first results, is the subject of this article.
Mathematical modelling in nonlocal Mindlin’s strain gradient thermoelasticity with voids
Authors: Aouadi Moncef
Published: September 2022

A nonlocal theory for thermoelastic materials with voids based on Mindlin’s strain gradient theory was derived in this paper with some qualitative properties. We have also established the size effect of nonlocal heat conduction with the aids of extended irreversible thermodynamics and generalized free energy. The obtained system of equations is a coupling of three equations with higher gradients terms due to the length scale parameters ϖ and l. This poses some new mathematical difficulties due to the lack of regularity. Based on nonlinear semigroups and the theory of monotone operators, we establish existence and uniqueness of weak and strong solutions to the one dimensional problem. By an approach based on the Gearhart-Herbst-Prüss-Huang theorem, we prove that the associated semigroup is exponentially stable; but not analytic.
Cross-efficiency for advanced manufacturing technology selection: A multi-task approach
Authors: Walheer Barnabé
Published: September 2022

Advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) are more and more used by firms to perform repetitive tasks in the production processes. As opting for an ATM represents an important investment for firms, several methodologies have been suggested to help firm decision-makers selecting the best one. A popular concept in that context is the cross-efficiency technique. In short, it endogenously selects the best ATM by computing scores using linear programmings. In this paper, we extend the cross-efficiency technique by adding a new feature: we model ATMs as multi-task processes. The multi-task approach presents two main advantages. One, it naturally gives the option to allocate inputs/costs and indicators/attributes to every task, yielding to a more realist modelling of the AMT processes. Two, AMTs can be compared for every task separately, increasing the discriminatory power of the selection process. As a consequence, the overall performances can be better understood, and, in particular, the reasons for declaring a specific AMT to be best can be investigated. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach by considering a numerical example and two applications. In each case, we demonstrate the practical and managerial usefulness of our approach.
Encroachment strategy and revenue-sharing contract for product customization
Authors: Li Juan , Zhang Rong , Liu Bin
Published: September 2022

This paper investigates the optimal encroachment strategy of product customization and the revenue-sharing contract in a two-stage supply chain consisting of a contract manufacturer (CM) and an original equipment manufacturer (OEM). In addition to producing and wholesaling standard products for OEM, CM has the motive to manufacture customized products under store brand and encroach the end consumer market. Stackelberg game models with different strategies (encroachment or no-encroachment) under both decentralized and centralized supply chains are explored. Models analyzing CM’s encroachment with product customization are rare. Besides, this paper characterizes both vertical partnership and horizontal competitive relationships between supply chain members. The findings show that it is unprofitable to encroach on the retailing market for CM when the acceptance degree of store brand is low. There is a threshold value of customization level that can gain positive demand. Interestingly, as the Stackelberg leader, OEM always suffers from the encroachment. Then a revenue-sharing contract is designed that can fully integrate the decentralized supply chain and obtain a contract-implementing Pareto zone. Furthermore, a numerical example is developed, demonstrating the validity of the obtained analytical results. On this basis, some suggestions for industry managers are discussed in the form of managerial insights.
Leitung einer vaginalen Geminigeburt
Authors: Grab Dieter , Günther Magdalena , Münz Katharina , Reister Frank
Published: September 2022

Geeignete Infrastruktur und regelmäßiges interprofessionelles
Training ermöglichen einer Mehrzahl von Zwillingsschwangeren,
völlig interventionsfrei vaginal zu gebären. Dabei sind das
Wissen um die Bedeutung der Chorionizität für die
Risikoeinstufung, die Beachtung von Ausschlussfaktoren, das rechtzeitige
Umsteigen auf eine sekundäre Sectio bei pathologischen
Geburtsverläufen und die Beherrschung der klassischen vaginal-operativen
Verfahren einschließlich der Handgriffe zur Entwicklung des
nachfolgenden Zwillings die entscheidenden Schlüssel zum Erfolg.
Axillary Staging after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Initially Node-Positive Breast Carcinoma in Germany
Authors: Hartmann Steffi , Kühn Thorsten , Hauptmann Michael , Stickeler Elmar , Thill Marc , Lux Michael P. , Fröhlich Sarah , Ruf Franziska , Loibl Sibylle , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Thiemann Elisabeth , Weigel Michael , Solbach Christine , Kaltenecker Gabriele , Paluchowski Peter , Schrauder Michael G. , Paepke Stefan , Watermann Dirk , Hahn Markus , Hufnagel Maria , Lefarth Jutta , Untch Michael , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie ,   Die AXSANA-Studiengruppe
Published: September 2022

Introduction To date, the optimal axillary staging procedure for initially node-positive breast carcinoma patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been unclear. The aim of
the AXSANA study is to prospectively compare different surgical staging techniques with respect to the oncological outcome and quality of life for the patients. Little is known about current
clinical practice in Germany.

Material and Methods In this paper we analyzed data from patients enrolled in the AXSANA study at German study sites from June 2020 to March 2022.

Results During the period under investigation, 1135 patients were recruited at 143 study sites. More than three suspicious lymph nodes were initially found in 22% of patients. The
target lymph node (TLN) was marked in 64% of cases. This was done with clips/coils in 83% of patients, with magnetic seeds or carbon suspension in 8% each, and with a radar marker in 1% of
patients. After NACT, targeted axillary dissection (TAD) or axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND) were each planned in 48% of patients, and sentinel lymph node biopsy alone (SLNB) in 2%.
Clinically, the nodal status after NACT was found to be unremarkable in 65% of cases. Histological lymph node status was correctly assessed by palpation in 65% of patients and by sonography
in 69% of patients.

Conclusion At the German AXSANA study sites, TAD and ALND are currently used as the most common surgical staging procedures after NACT in initially node-positive breast cancer
patients. The TLN is marked with various markers prior to NACT. Given the inadequate accuracy of clinical assessment of axillary lymph node status after NACT, it should be questioned whether
axillary dissection after NACT should be performed based on clinical assessment of nodal status alone.
Mobile Applications Available in Germany Supporting Breast Cancer Patients During Treatment and Aftercare: a Systematic Review
Authors: Gomm Susanne Ingrid Marianne , Ebner Florian K. , Lukac Stefan , El Taie Ziad , Janni Wolfgang , Schmidt-Straßburger Uta , Stoinschek Barbara , Dayan Davut
Published: September 2022

Purpose Systematic evaluation of health apps designed to support and aid remote monitoring of patients during breast cancer treatment and aftercare.

Method A systematic search and assessment of apps was conducted using search terms: breast cancer; breast cancer therapy; and breast cancer aftercare. Evaluation criteria were user
assessments, scientifically published benefits, user-friendliness, data protection, app individualization, motivation, and financial aspects. Up to two points (P) could be awarded per
criterion. The lowest possible score was 0P and the maximum was 28P. Three examiners from different institutions independently assessed the apps according to the specified criteria.
Reference value was defined as the average value given by the examiners. Apps with > 18P were classified as “recommended”; ≥ 11–≤ 18P as “partially recommended” and ≤ 10P as “not
recommended”.

Results A total of 776 apps (n = 24 from the Apple App Store, n = 752 from the Google Play Store) were identified via search query. After applying exclusion criteria, 36 apps (n = 1
from the Apple App Store; n = 35 from the Google Play Store) were evaluated. Using the mean point values of the examiners, 20 apps were classified as not recommended and 12 as partially
recommended (≥ 11–≤ 18P). Four apps were rated partially recommended by two examiners and recommended by one examiner. Three apps were rated as recommended by all examiners.

Conclusion Only a small minority of available apps meet recommendation criteria. Use of these apps may benefit breast cancer patients.
Update Breast Cancer 2022 Part 3 – Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Fehm Tanja N. , Welslau Manfred , Müller Volkmar , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Belleville Erik , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Schneeweiss Andreas , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Wöckel Achim , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Harbeck Nadia , Stickeler Elmar
Published: September 2022

This review summarizes recent developments in the prevention and treatment of patients with early-stage breast cancer. The individual disease risk for different molecular subtypes was
investigated in a large epidemiological study. With regard to treatment, new data are available from long-term follow-up of the Aphinity study, as well as new data on neoadjuvant therapy
with atezolizumab in HER2-positive patients. Biomarkers, such as residual cancer burden, were investigated in the context of pembrolizumab therapy. A Genomic Grade Index study in elderly
patients is one of a group of studies investigating the use of modern multigene tests to identify patients with an excellent prognosis in whom chemotherapy may be avoided. These and other
aspects of the latest developments in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are described in this review.
Colorectal Surgery Practice, Training, and Research in Low-Resource Settings
Authors: Chu Kathryn M. , Bust Lynn , Forgan Tim
Published: September 2022

Colorectal surgery (CRS) practice, training, and research differ between low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries due to disparity in resources. LMIC CRS is primarily done by general surgeons due to the paucity of fully trained colorectal surgeons. The majority of colon and rectal resections are done using open techniques, and laparoscopy and robotic platforms are only available in select private or academic centers. Multi-disciplinary teams are not available in most hospitals, so surgeons must have a broad knowledge base, and learn to adapt their practice. Formal CRS training opportunities through accredited post-residency fellowships and professional colorectal surgical associations are limited in LMICs. CRS is less established as an academic field, and less data are generated in LMICs. There are fewer staff and less dedicated funding for CRS research. However, LMIC colorectal surgeons and researchers can contribute valuable clinical findings especially on conditions of higher prevalence in their settings such as anal squamous cell carcinoma and obstetric fistulas. Effective surgical care for colorectal conditions requires significant investment in infrastructure, training, and governance in LMICs. This is critical to improve access to safe surgical care for all.
Protecting-Group-Free Synthesis of Novel Cannabinoid-Like 2,5-Dihydrobenzoxepines
Authors: Kayser Oliver , Nguyen Gia-Nam , Jordan Erin Noel
Published: September 2022

An efficient synthesis of 2,5-dihydrobenzoxepine analogues was developed without using protecting groups. Regioselective allylation was optimized through a recent method utilizing magnesium dicarboxylates. Grubbs catalysts were applied to investigate ring-closing metathesis. The scope of the present route was extended to produce four analogues, which provided novel cannabinoid-like 2,5-dihydrobenzoxepines in sufficient quantities to permit in vitro assays on recombinant CB1/CB2 receptors. In vitro assays related to CB1/CB2 receptors did not indicate any activity.
Language Assessment in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: Aubinet Charlène , Schnakers Caroline , Majerus Steve
Published: September 2022

The assessment of residual language abilities in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) after severe brain injury is particularly challenging due to their limited behavioral repertoire. Moreover, associated language impairment such as receptive aphasia may lead to an underestimation of actual consciousness levels. In this review, we examine past research on the assessment of residual language processing in DoC patients, and we discuss currently available tools for identifying language-specific abilities and their prognostic value. We first highlight the need for validated and sensitive bedside behavioral assessment tools for residual language abilities in DoC patients. As regards neuroimaging and electrophysiological methods, the tasks involving higher level linguistic commands appear to be the most informative about level of consciousness and have the best prognostic value. Neuroimaging methods should be combined with the most appropriate behavioral tools in multimodal assessment protocols to assess receptive language abilities in DoC patients in the most complete and sensitive manner.
Upper-Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis after Whole Blood Donation—A Case Report
Authors: Abidoye Oluseyi , Johnson Andrew , Cho Young Min , Ogbuagu Henry , Choudhury Hasan , Takegawa Ryosuke , Hayashida Kei , Shinozaki Koichiro , Aoki Tomoaki , Okuma Yu , Zanos Stavros , Zafeiropoulos Stefanos , Giannis Dimitrios , Pipolo Derek O. , Becker Lance B. , Miyara Santiago J. , Guevara Sara , Molmenti Ernesto P.
Published: September 2022

Upper-extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) after whole blood donation is rarely reported. Blood donation has a low rate of complications and is typically safe. A small percentage of blood donors experience donation-related events such as UEDVT, which are extremely rare. We are reporting a rare case of a UEDVT following blood donation. This is an extremely rare event; only five cases were reported to our knowledge. A 22-year-old Caucasian woman with a past medical history of provoked pulmonary embolism completed 6 months of apixaban and negative thrombophilia workup presented to the hospital with complaints of progressive pain and swelling in her right arm. The patient reports donating blood using her right arm in January 2021. Phlebotomy duration for blood donation was approximately 10minutes. She reported pain and swelling several days after blood donation. Subsequently, a duplex ultrasound showed a thrombus in the right brachial vein. The patient was started on apixaban for 6 months. Although most whole blood donors do not experience complications, DVT is a rare complication from whole blood donation with severe consequences. It should be considered in a donor with worsening pain and swelling.
Behavioral Assessment of Patients with Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: Bodien Yelena G. , Katz Douglas I. , Schiff Nicholas D. , Giacino Joseph T.
Published: September 2022

Severe brain injury is associated with a period of impaired level of consciousness that can last from days to months and results in chronic impairment. Systematic assessment of level of function in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) is critical for diagnosis, prognostication, and evaluation of treatment efficacy. Approximately 40% of patients who are thought to be unconscious based on clinical bedside behavioral assessment demonstrate some signs of consciousness on standardized behavioral assessment. This finding, in addition to a growing body of literature demonstrating the advantages of standardized behavioral assessment of DoC, has led multiple professional societies and clinical guidelines to recommend standardized assessment over routine clinical evaluation of consciousness. Nevertheless, even standardized assessment is susceptible to biases and misdiagnosis, and examiners should consider factors, such as fluctuating arousal and aphasia, that may confound evaluation. We review approaches to behavioral assessment of consciousness, recent clinical guideline recommendations for use of specific measures to evaluate patients with DoC, and strategies for mitigating common biases that may confound the examination.
Effect of post-metallization anneal on (100) Ga2O3/Ti–Au ohmic contact performance and interfacial degradation
Authors: Lee Ming-Hsun , Chou Ta-Shun , Bin Anooz Saud , Galazka Zbigniew , Popp Andreas , Peterson Rebecca L.
Published: September 2022

Here, we investigate the effect of post-metallization anneal temperature on Ti/Au ohmic contact performance for (100)-oriented Ga2O3. A low contact resistance of ∼2.49 × 10−5 Ω·cm2 is achieved at an optimal anneal temperature of ∼420 °C for (100) Ga2O3. This is lower than the widely-used temperature of 470 °C for (010)-oriented Ga2O3. However, drastic degradation of the (100)-oriented contact resistance to ∼1.36 × 10−3 Ω·cm2 is observed when the anneal temperature was increased to 520 °C. Microscopy at the degraded ohmic contact revealed that the reacted Ti–TiOx interfacial layer has greatly expanded to 25–30 nm thickness and GaAu2 inclusions have formed between (310)-Ga2O3 planes and the Ti–TiOx layer. This degraded interface, which corresponds to the deterioration of ohmic contact properties, likely results from excess in-diffusion of Au and out-diffusion of Ga, concurrent with the expansion of the Ti–TiOx layer. These results demonstrate the critical influence of Ga2O3 anisotropy on the optimal post-metallization anneal temperature. Moreover, the observed Ti/Au contact degradation occurs for relatively moderate anneal conditions (520 °C for 1 min in N2), pointing to the urgent necessity of developing alternative metallization schemes for gallium oxide, including the use of Au-free electrodes.
Energetics and vortex structures near small-scale shear layers in turbulence
Authors: Watanabe Tomoaki , Nagata Koji
Published: September 2022

Vortices and kinetic energy distributions around small-scale shear layers are investigated with direct numerical simulations of isotropic turbulence. The shear layers are examined with the triple decomposition of a velocity gradient tensor. The shear layers subject to a biaxial strain appear near vortices with rotation, which induce energetic flow that contributes to the shear. A similar configuration of rotating motions near the shear layers is observed in a multi-scale random velocity field, which is free from the dynamics of turbulence. Therefore, the mechanism that sustains shearing motion is embedded as a kinematic nature in random velocity fields. However, the biaxial strain is absent near the shear layers in random velocity because rotating motions appear right next to the shear layers. When a random velocity field begins to evolve following the Navier–Stokes equations, the shear layers are immediately tilted to the nearby rotating motions. This misalignment is a key for the vortex to generate the compressive strain of the biaxial strain around the shear layer. As the configuration of shearing and rotating motions arises from the kinematic nature, the shear layers with the biaxial strain are formed within a few times the Kolmogorov timescale once the random velocity field begins to evolve. The analysis with high-pass filtered random velocity suggests that this shear layer evolution is caused by small-scale turbulent motions. These results indicate that the kinematic nature of shear and rotation in velocity fluctuations has a significant role in the formation of shear layers in turbulence.
Integrating an aerosolized drug delivery device with conventional static cultures and a dynamic airway barrier microphysiological system
Authors: Karra Nikita , Fernandes Joao , Swindle Emily Jane , Morgan Hywel
Published: September 2022

Organ on a chip or microphysiological systems (MPSs) aim to resolve current challenges surrounding drug discovery and development resulting from an unrepresentative static cell culture or animal models that are traditionally used by generating a more physiologically relevant environment. Many different airway MPSs have been developed that mimic alveolar or bronchial interfaces, but few methods for aerosol drug delivery at the air–liquid interface exist. This work demonstrates a compact Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) drug delivery device that generates an aerosol of respirable size for delivery of compounds directly onto polarized or differentiated epithelial cell cultures within an airway barrier MPS and conventional static inserts. As proof of principle, the SAW drug delivery device was used to nebulize viral dsRNA analog poly I:C and steroids fluticasone and dexamethasone without disrupting their biological function.
Effect of four-phonon interaction on phonon thermal conductivity and mean-free-path spectrum of high-temperature phase SnSe
Authors: Zhou Wenjiang , Dai Yu , Zhang Junjie , Song Bai , Liu Te-Huan , Yang Ronggui
Published: September 2022

The phonon thermal conductivity and mean-free-path (MFP) spectrum of high-temperature phase SnSe (β-SnSe) are studied using the Boltzmann transport equation and ab initio approaches. The particle picture for phonon transport in β-SnSe is revisited, and the imaginary phonon frequencies caused by the ground-state within conventional density-functional theory are resolved. We show that between 800 and 950 K, the in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity has an average decrease of 38% and 19%, respectively, when four-phonon scatterings are considered. This large suppression of phonon transport stems mainly from the strong redistribution scattering process. With both the phonon and electron MFP spectra revealed, a characteristic length of 10 nm is suggested to reduce the in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity by 18% and 52%, respectively, via nanostructure engineering without sacrificing the power factor.
SH—It happens: S–H bonds as intrinsic 2D-IR labels in proteins
Authors: Deniz E. , Schmidt-Engler J. M. , Ulrich K. , Oberle M. , Wille G. , Bredenbeck J.
Published: September 2022

Cysteine S–H bonds have a spectroscopically convenient stretching frequency of ∼2550 cm−1. However, their cross section is low, and the band can be strongly broadened in heterogeneous environments, making detection very challenging. With two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) setups achieving ever higher sensitivities in recent years, systematic use of the weak cysteine sulfhydryls (Cys–SHs) absorption band is now within reach, even at low millimolar protein concentrations. Here, we demonstrate the capabilities of Cys–SH as an intrinsic 2D-IR label in pyruvate oxidase from E. coli, an enzyme with ten cysteines in its native sequence. 1D-IR measurements on the wild-type and individual cysteine knock-out variants show that two such residues have especially narrow SH signatures, caused by their intrahelical hydrogen bonding. 2D-IR analysis of these bands reveals an extraordinarily high anharmonicity (∼110 cm−1) and a long vibrational lifetime (∼4 ps). This allows monitoring spectral diffusion via center line slope analysis for up to 10 ps—separately for both the ground and excited states. The unique spectroscopic features and its ease of introduction make Cys–SH a useful IR spectroscopic label.