bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teletrabalho e saúde no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Bridi Maria Aparecida , Tropia Patricia Vieira , Vazquez Bárbara Vallejos
Published: January 2024

Resumo Introdução: com a pandemia de COVID-19 e a política de distanciamento social, quase 9 milhões de trabalhadores tiveram suas atividades profissionais transferidas para o ambiente doméstico. Esse contexto funcionou como um laboratório no qual as empresas puderam experimentar a modalidade do teletrabalho. Objetivo: analisar o crescimento do teletrabalho e o perfil dos teletrabalhadores, destacando impactos e consequências para saúde dos profissionais. Métodos: análise de bibliografia pertinente, exploração de dados secundários de pesquisas sobre condições objetivas e subjetivas do teletrabalho, publicações sobre o teletrabalho no contexto da pandemia e pós-pandemia, análise de anúncios de trabalho remoto. Resultados: em razão da forma como ocorreu durante a pandemia, o trabalho remoto, além das consequências para saúde e condições de vida e trabalho, acarretou novos desafios para a classe trabalhadora. Entre eles, destacam-se: como assegurar condições ambientais e ergonômicas adequadas ao trabalho e como garantir o limite de jornada, a delimitação do tempo de trabalho, tendo em vista a tendência de sua manutenção para o período pós-pandemia. Conclusão: a análise revelou impactos sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores, com novos desafios para a classe trabalhadora. Tais impactos, entre outras razões, se devem a jornadas ampliadas, condições ergonômicas no domicílio e pressões para cumprimento de metas.
O desafio da atenção integral à saúde e da emancipação de trabalhadores escravizados
Authors: Leão Luís Henrique da Costa
Published: January 2024

Resumo Introdução: as formas contemporâneas de trabalho escravo trazem impactos diferenciados à saúde desses trabalhadores, necessitando haver desenvolvimento de práticas de cuidado emancipatório. Objetivo: analisar as dimensões teórico-práticas do processo saúde-doença-cuidado e da emancipação dos(as) trabalhadores(as) em cenário de escravização. Métodos: trata-se de ensaio que problematiza aspectos teórico-conceituais das relações saúde-trabalho-escravidão, destacando a relevância da ampliação da noção de trabalhador para além das relações de assalariamento. Resultados: o artigo apresenta revisão crítica das experiências brasileiras de apoio à emancipação de trabalhador(a)s em situação de escravidão e leitura crítica do “Fluxo nacional de atendimento às vítimas do trabalho escravo”, ressaltando o desafio premente de desenvolver novos caminhos de cuidado em saúde e o papel do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e da saúde do trabalhador, especialmente para os momentos pós-resgate de trabalhadores, de modo a superar o risco de reescravização e reduzir vulnerabilidades sociais. Conclusão: o processo social de luta contínua para ampliar e fortalecer as estratégias emancipatórias requer o protagonismo e organização de trabalhadores, conectando as lutas sindicais, sociais, de gênero e raça como lutas por liberdade e dignidade. Lutas por saúde que promovam a construção de territórios livres de trabalho escravo, contendo conjunto de ações para assegurar condições básicas de vida digna e exercício da liberdade.
Painel particulado de baixa densidade produzido com resíduos de sisal
Authors: Costa Lucas Lima , Santos Filipe Luigi Dantas Lima , Amorim Júnior Nilson Santana de , Santana Henrique Almeida , Ribeiro Daniel Veras , Cunha Rita Dione Araújo , César Sandro Fábio
Published: January 2024

Resumo O sisal (Agave sisalana) é uma planta explorada nas regiões semiáridas do Brasil para produção de fibras, mas o escapo floral do sisal (flecha) é coletado e frequentemente queimado causando problemas ambientais, até mesmo pelo descarte irregular. Para contornar este cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho foi produzir painéis reconstituídos usando a flecha do sisal e resina poliuretana à base de mamona. Os painéis foram obtidos empregando 175 g do miolo da flecha de sisal triturada com dimensões inferiores a 2 mm e adotando 10% de resina poliuretana à base de mamona e as amostras foram prensadas com tensão de 2 MPa. Avaliou-se no painel reconstituído, através da NBR 14810-1 (ABNT, 2013) e NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018) as propriedades físicas: umidade, densidade, inchamento e absorção; bem como as propriedades mecânicas: MOR, MOE, força de ligação e compressão paralela. Os resultados encontrados mostram que o painel é classificado como de baixa densidade (419,8 kg/m³), e de propriedades físicas e mecânicas semelhantes a outros painéis de mesma classificação da literatura. Para MOR e MOE foram encontrados 5,24 MPa e 147,49 MPa de média, respectivamente. Já os ensaios de tração perpendicular e compressão paralela obtiveram resultados de 0,14 MPa e 1,14 MPa, respectivamente.
Pegada de CO2 da madeira nativa destinada à construção civil proveniente de diferentes tipos de exploração florestal
Authors: Oliveira Cássio Gomes de , Punhagui Katia Regina Garcia , Oliveira Lidiane Santana , Silva Fernanda Belizário
Published: January 2024

Resmo O uso da madeira é frequentemente apontado como uma estratégia de descarbonização para a construção. Entretanto, a pegada de CO2 da madeira nativa, ou seja, que são as emissões decorrentes da sua exploração florestal, transporte e beneficiamento, depende do tipo de manejo florestal. Este estudo quantifica a pegada de CO2 da madeira nativa serrada bruta, proveniente de três tipos de exploração florestal: manejo sustentável, manejo convencional e extração seletiva convencional (desmatamento). Analisaram-se as emissões de CO2 da exploração florestal até o término do beneficiamento da madeira, com dados da literatura e do Sistema de Informação do Desempenho Ambiental da Construção. A pegada de CO2 da madeira serrada bruta varia entre 25 e 19.860 kgCO2/m3, com os menores valores para a madeira de manejo sustentável e os maiores para a madeira de extração seletiva convencional. Além disso, a madeira manejada estoca temporariamente, em sua estrutura celular, ~353 kgC/m3. Madeiras nativas de manejo florestal sustentável podem contribuir com a descarbonização dos edifícios, enquanto as madeiras de manejo convencional e, sobretudo, de desmatamentosão fontes expressivas de CO2 dentro do seu ciclo de vida.
Avaliação das características e resistência à abrasão de tintas imobiliárias formulados com pigmento de Curcuma Longa L.
Authors: Faria Fernanda Cardoso de , Schmid Aloísio Leoni , Miranda Isabela Pagani Heringer de
Published: January 2024

Resumo Opresente estudo buscou formular tintas artesanais para pinturas de murais cujos pigmentos sejam oriundos de plantas, considerando a necessidade de aditivos e técnicas capazes de garantir um bom desempenho para paredes internas de edificações. A falta de receitas e publicações sobre a proporção de cada componente para a obtenção de uma tinta com bom desempenho motivou a elaboração da presente pesquisa, em que foram desenvolvidas formulações através de delineamento experimental de misturas para obter suspensões homogêneas que estejam em conformidade com os limites de desempenho definidos pela NBR 15079-1:2021. O desempenho das misturas frente ao ensaio de resistência à abrasão (RAU) foi avaliado de acordo com as variações das proporções dos componentes das misturas e as variáveis de pH e viscosidade. Os resultados indicam que os índices mais elevados de RAU foram alcançados ao elevar os níveis de pigmento e bactericida, ao passo que altos índices de pH apresentaram viscosidade elevada e bom desempenho frente à RAU, e vice-versa. Através do presente estudo, conclui-se que é possível elaborar tintas com pigmentos de Curcuma Longa L. e insumos naturais com desempenho satisfatório para aplicação e elaboração de pinturas murais em paredes internas de edificações.
Alvenaria estrutural em situação de incêndio: influência da resistência à compressão de blocos cerâmicos
Authors: Lima Felipe Schneider de , Trevisan Rafael , Klippel Filho Sérgio , Vechim Julio César , Tutikian Bernardo
Published: January 2024

Resumo Diversas características influenciam a resistência ao fogo de sistema de parede em alvenaria estrutural, dentre as quais pode se incluir sua resistência à compressão. O comportamento desse sistema é validado experimentalmente conforme a norma NBR 5628. Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar comparativamente a resistência ao fogo obtida através de ensaios em escala real em alvenaria estrutural, envolvendo as características de isolamento térmico, estanqueidade a passagem de gases e fumaça e estabilidade estrutural. Foram avaliados componentes com a mesma configuração em termos de revestimento e assentamento, assumindo como variável a resistência a compressão dos blocos, tendo sido considerados neste estudo blocos de classe EST 60, 100 e 140. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a resistência à compressão da alvenaria pode influenciar, além da estabilidade estrutural do sistema, também seu isolamento térmico, critério tipicamente crítico para alvenarias de blocos cerâmicos em situação de incêndio. A amostra de maior resistência à compressão apresentou menor deslocamento horizontal, contribuindo para mitigar a geração de fissuras, aumentando a oposição da alvenaria à passagem da temperatura ao longo de sua seção transversal e assim aumentar sua resistência ao fogo.
Quality of Gracilaria verrucosa (Hudson) Papenf. (Rhodophyta) Seaweed with Polyculture System
Authors: Rahim Andi Rahmad , Firmani Ummul , Safitri Nur Maulida
Published: January 2024

An important factor in the cultivation of Gracilaria verrucosa seaweed in extensive polyculture ponds is (i) the determination of the right density of polyculture commodities (ii) the provision of fertilizers as nutrients to support the life of seaweed and (iii) maintenance of the pond soil as a reservoir of nutrients and to maintain the stability of the pond during the cultivation process. These important factors are indicators of success in polyculture activities of extensive ponds in producing optimal quality agar rendement, viscosity, and gel strength. This research was conducted at ponds using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of 3 treatments and 3 replicates; treatment A (best density + no vermicompost fertilizer + pond soil substrate), B (best density + vermicompost fertilizer + pond soil substrate), and C (best density + vermicompost fertilizer + no pond soil substrate). The treatments in this study had a significant effect on growth, number of cells, carbon content, and quality of agar viscosity of seaweed G. verrucosa in extensive ponds with polyculture systems.
Honorification as Agree in Korean and beyond
Authors: Jou Eunsun
Published: January 2024

This paper provides an analysis of the Korean honorification system as agreement. Under the proposed analysis, subject honorification is triggered by an unvalued honorific feature right below T probing downwards to agree with the subject. Addressee honorification is triggered by another instance of the same feature, which probes upwards and agrees with the c-commanding addressee representation. I adopt the bidirectional agreement model (Arregi & Hanink 2021) that enables a unified analysis of both types of honorification. In the second half of the paper, I discuss a crosslinguistic variation among honorification languages. When the subject is 2nd person and thus co-referent with the addressee, Korean and Japanese express honorification of both subject and addressee while Magahi and Tamil actually disallow the co-occurrence – they only allow subject honorification. This crosslinguistic difference can be captured in a straightforward way under my analysis and two well-motivated assumptions: parametric variation in the position of the allocutive probe (Alok 2020; 2021), and an intuitive re-interpretation of Kinyalolo’s Constraint (Kinyalolo 1991; Carstens 2005).
No tan distintos: reformas y tensiones multinivel en la selección de candidaturas subnacionales en Argentina y Brasil
Authors: Maia Jayane dos Santos , Pesquero-Bordón Jimena
Published: January 2024

Argentina y Brasil ilustran cómo distintos diseños electorales impactan en la selección de candidaturas para cargos electivos subnacionales. En Argentina, la autonomía de las provincias para establecer sus propias normas electorales se extiende a la selección de candidaturas, pues es opcional la adhesión a la ley nacional. En Brasil, si bien la legislación electoral es común para todos los estados, las reglas al elegir candidaturas, ya sea a nivel nacional o subnacional, son establecidas por cada partido. En este artículo se analiza cómo las reformas políticas llevadas a cabo en ambas naciones han tenido efectos sobre la selección de candidaturas subnacionales. Utilizando el abordaje top-down para el análisis multinivel, argumentamos que las reformas políticas en estos dos países han planteado tensiones multinivel con impactos en sus sistemas electorales y partidarios que afectaron el grado de pluralidad y la transparencia de la oferta electoral. En Argentina, el proceso fallido de homogeneización vertical de la selección de candidaturas a través de las primarias, abiertas, simultáneas y obligatorias (PASO) ha impactado en las reformas electorales subnacionales y en las prácticas de los actores políticos provinciales. En el caso brasileño, la jurisprudencia y las reformas nacionales surgen para fomentar la coordinación entre los partidos en ambos niveles de gobierno. Los dos casos muestran una tendencia a las nominaciones de candidaturas cerradas y verticalistas.
Aborto senza frontiere
Authors: Ajres Alessandro
Published: January 2024

Lo sguardo dell’autore sulle proteste contro il divieto d’aborto in Polonia non le considera una vicenda essenzialmente polacca e dimostra che lo #StrajkKobiet fa parte di una rinascita globale del movimenti per i diritti attingendo alle sue pratiche organizzative e comunicative, arricchendo simboli e nuovi immaginari.
In un mondo globale l’organizzazione delle piazze sperimenta i social media più recenti per aggirare la repressione o sfuggire alle censure. Questo è avvenuto per rivolte con una forte presenza femminile: le vicine Bielorussia e Ucraina fino ai movimenti più lontani delle “Primavere arabe” e delle caceroladas
argentine, da Hong Kong a Gezi Park; #OccupyWallStreet, “Indignados”, piazza Syntagma… gli hijab bruciati in Iran.
Viene a crearsi, così, un cortocircuito tra l’occupazione indispensabile a una vera azione politica nelle piazze e i contenuti da condividere sui social. Da qui l’incessante creatività che saccheggia i linguaggi dell’arte visiva. «Le arti che non realizzano alcuna opera hanno grande affinità con la politica», sosteneva Hanna Arendt.
La Polonia appare come un esempio “all’avanguardia” della sospensione dei diritti fondamentali da parte della destra garante dei “valori tradizionali” e dell’ordine patriarcale contro cui le donne polacche hanno lanciato una sfida che non riguarda solo loro.
LAW ART
Authors: Costa Pietro
Published: January 2024

Il 4 ottobre 2023 si è tenuta all’Istituto Luigi Sturzo di Roma la tavola rotonda Linguaggio delle immagini, letteratura e dimensione giuridica. Presentazione del n. 3/2022 di LawArt - Rivista di Diritto, Arte, Storia. L’incon­tro era mosso dall’idea di rilanciare in un dibattito più ampio la riflessione svolta negli articoli pubblicati nell’ultimo numero della rivista (la cui sezione monografica è stata dedicata in particolare al tema Il Visual Turn negli studi giuridici). Con questo stesso spirito pubblichiamo qui la relazione presentata in quella occasione da Pietro Costa, professore emerito dell’Università di Firenze e Accademico dei Lincei, che ringraziamo molto per aver raccolto il nostro invito di condividere, anche sulle pagine di LawArt, le sue impressioni sul nostro progetto editoriale e la sua visione del rapporto tra diritto, arte e storia.
Methods of Dispute Settlement, Post-Colonial Restitutions and the Increasing Importance of Due Diligence in the International Art Trade
Authors: Frigo Manlio
Published: January 2024

The historical window opened by President Macron in Ouagadougou on November 28, 2017, preparing the path toward the restitution of African cultural heritage objects currently held in French national collections, has established a new era in cultural relations between the North and the South of the planet. The issue of providing the financial, legal, and methodological framework to ensure the return of cultural heritage particularly in post-colonial times, is raising several questions about the existence of the legal and moral grounds of such an approach, as well as about the obstacles in its concrete achievement. Starting from the analysis of some concrete outcomes of this process, this paper explores the consistency between the fulfilment of legal duties, ethical principles, and identity links, in the light of the due diligence tools and procedures in art related transactions.
What Is an Art Collection?
Authors: Franca Filho Marcílio Toscano
Published: January 2024

The ubiquity of art collections is not a new phenomenon. There are many reasons for that: personal interest, aesthetic pleasure, investment, study, social prestige, decoration and, of course, safeguarding cultural heritage. Despite the indisputable relevance of art collections to culture and the economy, collections have not been studied a lot in the legal literature. Protecting collections and providing them with legal support requires, first of all, that law understand and conceptualize them, considering the key elements that characterize them and allowing them to be granted the most effective status possible. This text is on the importance of the legal concept of art collection and, by using a comparative law approach, examines it in various legal systems. This article also explores the possibility of protecting art collections as works of the spirit.
NFT e arte. Alla ricerca di una disciplina giuridica adeguata orientata al principio di verità
Authors: Frezza Giampaolo , Virgadamo Pietro
Published: January 2024

Lo scritto si propone di indagare il fenomeno dei non fungible token nel mercato dell’ar­te. Dopo una definizione dei termini tecnici rilevanti, gli Autori si soffermano sulle multiformi opinioni sorte in merito alla natura giuridica di tali strumenti di circolazione della ricchezza. La disamina consente di superare, in buona parte, lo stringente problema qualificatorio, concentrandosi sull’individuazione della disciplina di volta in volta più adeguata al caso concreto, nella consapevolezza della complessità e poliedricità degli strumenti medesimi.
Surgical tactics in the treatment of patients with recurrent tumors of the pelvic organs
Authors: Grebenkov V. G. , Solov’ev I. A. , Kostyuk I. P. , Surov D. A. , Korzhuk M. S. , Eselevich R. V. , Balura O. V. , Rumyantsev V. N. , Krestyaninov S. S.
Published: January 2024

Introduction. Despite the wide introduction of the principles of total mesorectumectomy and effective schemes of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the development of local recurrences of tumors of the rectum and female reproductive system remains a complex and unsolved surgical problem. The lack of a unified classification and algorithms for choosing the optimal volume of surgery are one of the reasons for unsatisfactory results of treatment of this group of diseases.

The aim. To standardize the choice of surgery volume based on the proposed unified classification.

Materials and Methods. The experience of surgical treatment of 108 patients with pelvic organ tumor recurrence (pOTR) is summarized in the article. Inclusion criteria: age 18 years and older, confirmation of the diagnosis of tumor recurrence of rectum, uterine body, cervix, ovaries by radiation methods of examination and histologically if the tumor was available for biopsy, the primary tumor was surgically removed with achievement of negative peripheral resection margin (R0), signed informed consent. Inclusion criteria: health status according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology group (ECOg) 2 or more; distant visceral metastases and/or carcinomatosis of the peritoneum and pleura were diagnosed; complicated course of the tumor process was detected, which did not allow performing a planned surgical intervention.

Results. According to the location of the primary tumor, the distribution was as follows: 66 patients with rectal cancer, 12 with cervical, 9 with uterine body and 21 with ovarian cancer. The sex distribution was as follows: 38 (35.1 %) – males and 70 (64.8 %) females. The median age was 63.0 (53.0; 70.0) years. The ECOg overall status was: 0 points in 44 (66.7 %) patients and 1 point in 64 (59.3 %) patients. The median duration of relapse-free period was 15.25 (6.2; 19.6) months. On the basis of the analysis of the nature and type of local tumor spreading, a classification was developed, distinguishing 8 types of recurrence: anterior-upper, anterior-lower, central, lower, posterior-upper, posterior-lower, lateral-left and lateral-right. The characteristics of the entire cohort of patients were analyzed to determine the extent of surgery appropriate for a particular type of recurrence or their combinations.
FORMATION OF VALUE ORIENTATIONS AS A COMPONENT OF THE FUTURE TEACHER'S PERSONALITY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Levytska Lyudmyla
Published: January 2024

The article reveals aspects of the formation of professional value orientations of future teachers; value orientations of the teacher as a system of personally realized humanistic values, which serve as guidelines for his social and professional activity, determining his life position; the problem of forming sustainable professional orientations in the process of professional training of future teachers is outlined; the concept of "professional and value orientations". Theoretical approaches (axiological, personal-activity and reflexive) solving the problem of formation of professional and value orientations of future teachers in the process of their professional training in a higher education institution are considered; and the mechanisms of formation of professional value orientations through the implementation of three interrelated stages: 1) informing ↔ search → evaluation; 2) dynamism → choice → assignment; 3) design → projection. The teacher's professional and value orientations are outlined as the most important elements of successful professional activity: they stimulate professional and personal development, activating the internal mechanisms of the individual (needs, interests, motives, attitudes, attitudes); play a strategic role in behavior and activity, determine directions of professional activity; adjust the student's activity with the help of assessments, orientations and attitudes, ensuring the relationship of personal and subject aspects of activity based on personal orientation. The content of the teacher's professional value orientations is characterized: values-goals (goals of professional activity: mastering the profession of a teacher, forming the image of "I" as a teacher, "I" as a professional); values-knowledge (orientation on the assimilation of professional and pedagogical knowledge: general, special, pedagogical, methodical); values-skills (focus on mastering prognostic, analytical, communicative and organizational skills); values-qualities (orientation on the development of personal (characteristic) and professional and pedagogical qualities). Pedagogical conditions, formation of value orientations by future teachers are singled out: 1) organization and stimulation of reflexive activity of students to focus on professional values; 2) development and implementation in the process of teaching social and humanitarian disciplines of a special course of knowledge that informs about professional values and is based on the basic concepts of pedagogical science; 3) use of dialogue technologies during the formation of value orientations.
Indian Editors in Physics and Astronomy
Authors: Jana Siladitya , Chakraborty Sukla
Published: January 2024

Science stands on the shoulders of its community to ensure the quality of its scholarly communications. Hence, editorship and editorial positions in scholarly journals is a prestigious and rewarding activity for scientists. Physics as a branch of science is no exception to this. The present work endeavoured to look at the situation of Indian physicists’ (with Indian affiliations) representation in the top-ranking physics and astronomy journals as per the Scimago Journal and Country Ranking. Spatio-temporal analysis was undertaken to understand India’s position concerning the other established science research countries like the USA, China, Germany and the UK. It shows that the presence of Indian physicists in these quality journals’ editorship or editorial board membership positions is minimal. Some areas of physics are not represented at all. It may be added that more such positions for Indian physicists in these journals may bring more prestige for them and the country as a whole.
Misrepresentation of Citations: A Case Study of Google Scholar
Authors: Khan Nadim Akhtar , Bhat Ajra
Published: January 2024

The current study aims to identify the misrepresented and actual citations in Google Scholar and rank the professionals according to their correct accreditations. The selected Google Scholar profiles were analysed to reveal the misrepresentation of the citation counts based on the wrong indexing of author names. A total of 30 top prolific author profiles from Library and Information Science professionals were selected for this study. The publication and biographical data were gathered from Google Scholar and compared with Web of Science and Scopus to avoid ambiguity. The findings reveal that misrepresenting citations to the author profiles due to the wrong indexing of author names leads to an increased citation count and affects the resultant author ranking.
Attention Literacy in the Age of Information Abundance
Authors: Roy Avik
Published: January 2024

Information fatigue syndrome is a very common disorder presently for individuals who have to crawl a huge number of sources to get their required information due to information explosion or ‘info-pollution’ which is to be understood as a state where a person gets baffled and becomes unable to form appropriate decisions with too much information. Research in psychology, cognitive science, and neurosciences confirm that the biological limitations of human beings restrict a person from paying attention to several objects simultaneously. The present study is an endeavour to examine this issue through suggestive measures to decipher the various aspects of human attention. Document analysis technique has been adopted to show that only information literacy is not enough for the library and information science professionals to sustain in the attention economy; instead, attention literacy and fruitful application of different aspects of attention are very much essential too. The existing discourses of library and information science lack the notion that a shift of focus from information literacy to attention literacy has become necessary of late. The present study fills this knowledge gap and makes some recommendations regarding the fruitful application of attention literacy in different activities of libraries and information centres to sustain the attention of the users.
Entrepreneurs and Scientists on the Russian Innovation System
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Volchik Vyacheslav V. , Panteeva Sophia A. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: January 2024

The article compares the assessments of entrepreneurs and scientists regarding the Russian innovation system (RIS), its development features and problems. The relevance of this study is driven by the established consensus about the low level of interaction between business and science in the RIS. Two groups of actors, who create innovation demand and supply, observe different aspects of the same innovation process. Therefore, comparing their judgments allows for a deeper understanding of the features and dysfunctions of the RIS. In this research, we have conducted in-depth interviews with 27 representatives from the academic sphere and 26 representatives from the entrepreneurial sector. A narrative methodology was selected as a theoretical framework for the research to identify relevant judgments about the problems of the RIS and ways to overcome them. Our findings indicate that both groups of respondents have similar assessments of the innovation process, which suggests the systemic nature of the identified problems. Specifically, representatives from both business and academia acknowledge issues related to personnel shortages and the low quality of intellectual property institutions. However, the factor of macroeconomic uncertainty is more significant for entrepreneurs compared to scientists. This difference is attributed to the greater commercial motivation of businesses, while scientists primarily operate within the framework of state plans and support. Furthermore, entrepreneurs demonstrate a more optimistic outlook on the demand for innovation compared to scientists. This difference can be explained by their focus on more commercially viable and in-demand applied innovation, whereas representatives from academia often prioritize fundamental innovation.
Transactional Configurator of Institutions of Interaction of Stakeholders of the Ecosystem of the Applied Digital Platform
Authors:   Ural Institute of Management RANEPA, Popov Evgeny V. , Simonova Victoria L. ,   Ural Institute of Management RANEPA, Cherepanov Vitaliyi V. ,   Ural Institute of Management RANEPA
Published: January 2024

Digital platforms are the foundation of a digital, platform-based economy. The most important aspect of the use of digital platforms in this case are the established norms and rules of interaction of economic agents with digital platforms. The purpose of this study is to develop a transactional configurator of interaction between stakeholders of the ecosystem of an applied digital platform. The author's hypothesis of this study is the need to optimize the transaction costs of using the institutions of interaction of these stakeholders. To achieve this goal, a review of previous studies on the interaction of digital platform stakeholders was conducted and the problem of describing the institutional support of transactional interactions of elements of the ecosystem of the applied digital platform was formulated. The differentiation of the institutions of the digital platform ecosystem for various stakeholders has been developed, with the allocation of external and internal, formal, and informal, extractive, and inclusive economic institutions. The dependence of the dominant elements of the institutional support of the digital platform ecosystem on the role of stakeholders in ecosystem interactions is shown. A transactional configurator of interaction between stakeholders of the ecosystem of the applied digital platform is proposed. The configuration of the institutional support of the digital platform ecosystem is formed on the basis of an equilibrium between the costs of creating economic institutions and saving transaction costs on the formed landscape of established norms and rules. The scientific novelty of the obtained result consists in the allocation of a mechanism for configuring norms and rules of interaction of elements of the ecosystem of the applied digital platform, complementing the theoretical foundations of economic relations in the conditions of the formation of a digital society.
Structural Characteristics of Urban Agglomerations: A Case of Russia and Europe
Authors:   Prague Business School, Suvorova Arina
Published: January 2024

This paper focuses on identifying the structural and institutional characteristics in the economic systems of the urban agglomerations in Russia and Europe. The research is based on the comparative analysis that characterize the share of specific sectors in the total labour force. We present and test an approach to conducting a structural analysis of urban agglomerations economy which approach allows comparing data accumulated by statistical services, each of which has its own organizational principles. Our results show that there are quite significant differences in the structural economic and institutional characteristics of European and Russian agglomerations economies. The share of the industrial sector in the economy of Russian settlement systems appears to be significantly higher compared to that in Europe. The exceptions from this case are the Moscow and partly Saint Petersburg agglomerations that yield the economic structures like those observed in Europe. On the contrary, the trajectories and scales of structural changes in the European and Russian agglomerations are almost identical: the share of service industries in the economies is growing, while in the case of Russia these shifts slightly outstrip the transformation rate in Europe. Our findings can be used by the relevant stakeholders, policymakers, and academics for identifying the specificities of the economic structure of various territorial systems at the local level (e.g. municipalities and urban agglomerations) as well as for developing tools and institutional blueprints for successful territorial policies.
The Role of Digital Platforms in Economic Analysis and Difficulties of Regulation
Authors:   National Research University – Higher School of Economics, Agamirova Maria E.
Published: January 2024

The development of the platform economy has had a significant impact on the boundaries and structure of markets, has become a decisive factor determining the nature of horizontal and vertical interactions. The traditional consideration in neoinstitutional economic theory the "seller-buyer" interactions is increasingly giving way to the discussion of the so-called bilateral or multilateral markets (two-sided/multi-sided markets), the formation takes place around digital platforms. At the same time, there is no single definition of digital platforms in the economic literature, as well as a single classification of them. The classification of digital platforms may be based on various criteria that determine their position and functionality in different ways within the vertical value chain. This creates some difficulties for regulatory authorities related to fixing the specific status of digital platforms in regulatory documents as a kind of reference point defining a specific regulatory regime. In light of this, when determining the tasks facing the regulator, it is of particular relevance to analyze changes in the degree of consumer awareness in the context of the development of multilateral markets, the nature of competition between various distribution channels in multilateral markets, that is, between platforms and manufacturers of goods and services, as well as the analysis of value chains in new changing conditions.
The Development of the Russian Economy in the Paradigm of the Formation of Digital Ecosystems
Authors:   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after academician M.D. Millionshchikova, Magomaeva Leyla R. , Galazova Svetlana S. ,   North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov
Published: January 2024

In the article, the authors give answers to such questions as: what is a digital ecosystem? How is a digital ecosystem different from a digital platform? Why are platforms scaling so quickly? Why are platforms beating traditional products? Why do platforms have a high market capitalization but employ a limited number of employees? What impact do ecosystems have on the multilateral market? How do digital ecosystems differ from traditional ecosystems? The signs of digital ecosystems are analyzed, as well as the network interaction of participants in the digital ecosystem. The authors analyze the degree of influence of the dominant platform of the ecosystem on the development of internal competition, it is also revealed that from the point of view of the digital economy, the competitive development of ecosystems can be facilitated by large economies of scale in product development due to the modular design of digital products and services, and the synergy of consumption that is formed due to technological connection between ecosystem products, increasing the complementarity between them. The authors present the components of the successful development of the ecosystem within the digital economy, as well as analyze the ecosystems that have gained the most popularity today. As a result of the analysis, the authors conclude that entering the ecosystem market is always associated with the risk of competition, which is due to the attraction of new consumers. If the market is dominated by one ecosystem or the number of ecosystems is small, then competition between them may be less intense than competition between specialized companies. Ecosystem companies benefit most from supply and demand synergies, which can be enhanced through complementary products and services.
Losses VS Opportunities: Principles of Lean Management in the Academic Field
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Kostenko Elena P. , Gozalova Anna V. ,   Southern Federal University
Published: January 2024

Currently, the concept of lean management is increasingly becoming the focus not only of representatives of the production sector, but also of educational and scientific organizations, healthcare organizations, government and regional authorities, etc. In this article, the authors show that the implementation of lean management principles and tools in the activities of academic organizations allows you to “restart” many processes and reduce the loss of quality and productivity by several times without significant costs. The first part of the article describes the main stages of the formation of the lean management concept and the contribution of Russian scientists (A.K. Gastev, I.V. Rebelsky (the basics of lean mental labor)) to the development of both methodological and practical recommendations that currently constitute the core of the philosophy of lean manufacturing and management. The central place in the article is devoted to the features and classification of losses in relation to both the activities of the organization as a whole and the activities of scientific and pedagogical workers (along with the “classical” classification of losses developed by T. Ono and J. Liker, ten features were emphasized to identify losses in the academic field). Among the reasons that led to an increasing interest in the use of lean management technologies in the academic field, the authors highlight the following ones: strengthening management and formalization in assessing performance indicators, strengthening information asymmetry, changing the level and quality of communication of employees, updating the problem of precarization of scientific and pedagogical workers’ employment and gradual blurring of the boundaries between work and rest. In the final part of the article, a set of recommendations was formed to identify losses in the activities of scientific and pedagogical workers, and an algorithm for their elimination was proposed.
The Process of Formation of the Greenlandic Separatist Movement between 1964 and 1979
Authors: Bijak Jakub
Published: January 2024

The subject of the article is the history of the formation of the separatist movement in Green-land in the years 1964–1979. Its origin and development fall into the period of rapid socio-economic changes on the island, initiated by the Danish state. Their aim became the adaptation of the Greenlandic society, as well as the economy, to the conditions prevailing in the rest of the country. These changes were forced by the evolution of the island’s legal status made in 1953 under the new constitution of the Danish monarchy. The Greenlandic territory was linked by “legal community” to Denmark, becoming its administrative unit. The Greenlandic separatist movement was a grassroots social movement that originated among Greenlandic youth studying at Danish universities. Socio-economic, political, and cultural factors contributed to further dissatisfaction. Political and separatist activism made it possible for Greenlanders to gain autonomy in 1979. The different parts of the article present, among other things, a terminological analysis of the issue of separatism; the conditions for the emergence of the separatist movement are shown. The course of its activities, the dimension of its ideological assumptions, and its organisation are indicated. The article uses the analysis of primary and secondary sources, factor analysis, historical analysis and political science.
MirrorVision: Light-Weight Floor Detection System for an Autonomous Robot in a Crowded Elevator
Authors: Khudoyberdiev Azimbek , Ryoo Jihoon
Published: January 2024

Delivering robots impact many facets of our life, including food delivery and restaurant services, with advancements enabling obstacle overcome, faster delivery, and minimizing human intervention. However, delivering robots remained to experience poor vertical mobility-elevator usage in multi-floor buildings. Incorporating new elevator models into the robot’s elevator usage capabilities involves a long process of manufacturer approval and authentication. Furthermore, strict fire-code regulations pose communication barriers between the robot and the elevator. In this paper, we introduce MirrorVision-a novel approach designed for accurate floor detection during vertical mobility, regardless of obstructions blocking the robot’s direct line of sight to the elevator number panel. First, we collected and pre-processed a dataset of direct and reflective views of elevator number panels via the pre-installed mirrors. Then, we trained mirrored images in various possibilities to accomplish accurate floor detection. MirrorVision provides a solid mechanism to understand floor numbers at the level of distorted images. Extensive evaluations show that MirrorVision achieves 98.8% accuracy for floor detection in a crowded elevator, while state-of-the-art EfficientDet and YOLOv5 achieved 90.8% and 93.3%, respectively.
Managing National Statistical Offices Better: Evidence from a Survey of 13,300 National Statistical Office (NSO) Employees in 14 Latin American and Caribbean Countries
Authors: Mejía-Guerra José Antonio , Schuster Christian , Rojas Wettig Magdalena , Sass Mikkelsen Kim , Meyer-Sahling Jan
Published: January 2024

High-quality official statistics--from inflation to poverty rates--are essential for effective policymaking. Yet, little is known about the statistics officials who produce this statistical data. How competent are they at statistics? How motivated and ethical are they when producing statistics? And do National Statistical Offices (NSOs) manage them effectively? The answers are central to improving statistical capacity. Nonetheless, NSOs have not developed systematic measurement instruments to identify them. This pioneering publication addresses this gap. It presents the results of a survey of 13,300 NSO Employees in 14 Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Findings show that statistics officials and their characteristics matter. For instance, greater competence of statistics officials correlates with greater statistical performance of an NSO. Findings also show that most statistics officials are motivated in their jobs and committed to their NSO yet many struggle with basic statistical competencies and are not satisfied with their remunerations. Beneath the surface of average findings, however, lies a landscape of substantial variation among NSOs and within different departments inside the same NSO. These disparities are driven in part by differences in human resources management practices. Certain practices, for instance related to merit recruitment, adequate pay and performance feedback, are associated with greater staff motivation, integrity and competence. The report thus provides a data-informed roadmap to manage NSOs better and a survey instrument to help NSOs around the world measure their own management and staff.
Inter-American Development Bank Sustainability Report 2022
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: January 2024

Long-term economic growth and the reduction of poverty and inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) depend on development that is economically, financially, environmentally, socially, and institutionally sustainable. At the Inter1American Development Bank (IDB), we are committed to maximizing the positive outcomes of our work, and sustainability has long been a core element of that work. Our institutional strategy reinforces the critical role sustainability plays in the regions development, building on the IDBs objectives: reducing poverty and inequality and fostering sustainable growth. In our annual Sustainability Report, we share our approach to sustainability and showcase projects and publications the IDB financed and worked on with partners to contribute to the regions sustainable development. We share key figures on the greenhouse gas (GHG) footprint of our lending portfolio, the climate finance we provide, our projects disaster and climate change risks, and the application of our environmental and social policies, including risk trends for the IDBs portfolio. We close the report with information about our corporate sustainability, looking at efforts to reduce our direct footprint where we live and work. Going forward, we will continue to evaluate and adjust the contents of our sustainability report to respond to shareholders and investors evolving expectations and needs for climate and other sustainability-related disclosures. In response to emerging sustainability reporting standards and the development of a new IDB Group strategy, we are currently embarking on a materiality assessment for this report, including the Global Reporting Initiative annex, that will be prepared pending the completion of the materiality assessment. The preparation of the Global Reporting Initiative annex that has accompanied this report for the past six years has been put on hold, pending the completion of the materiality assessment.
La presión fiscal equivalente en América Latina y el Caribe (1990-2021): actualización y estado de situación en la salida de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Morán Dalmiro , Solera Marco , Barreix Alberto Daniel , Díaz de Sarralde Santiago
Published: January 2024

Esta es la tercera actualización de la base de datos de Presión Fiscal Equivalente (PFE) de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) para el período 1990-2018 basada en la metodología BID-CIAT. La PFE mide de una manera más precisa la totalidad de los recursos recaudados en la región y tiene cuatro componentes: i) los ingresos impositivos tradicionales del gobierno general, incluidos aquellos de los gobiernos subnacionales; ii) las contribuciones públicas a la seguridad social, iii) los aportes obligatorios a regímenes privados de seguridad social; y iv) los ingresos no tributarios provenientes de la explotación de recursos naturales. De acuerdo con la tendencia creciente desde la década de los noventa, la PFE promedio para 25 países aumentó más de 6 puntos porcentuales del producto interno bruto (PIB), pasando del 17,3% al 23,6% entre 1990 y 2021. La dinámica de mediano plazo es explicada mayormente por los ingresos impositivos, que crecieron desde el 13,5% hasta el 18,0% del PIB en dicho período. Individualmente existe una alta heterogeneidad en cuanto a la evolución y al nivel de los ingresos tributarios y la PFE.