bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The self-acceptance model improves the behavior of maintaining the quality of life after a hysterectomy
Authors: Afiyah Raden Khairiyatul , Umamah Faridah , Handayani Nanik , Rusdianingseh  , Prasetyo Budi
Published: May 2024

Background: The loss of the uterus means the loss of one of the functions of a woman's life, namely the reproductive function. The impact of a hysterectomy will have a major influence on the quality of life; this can be seen in how to carry out life, such as activities, social relations and interactions with the environment. All of these things can lead to changes in daily behavior, namely changes in self-image that will lead to insecurity, withdrawn behavior, distrust of God and ultimately, self-injury behavior. This study analyzes the self-acceptance model's effect on maintaining the quality of life after a hysterectomy.
Methods: This type of research is an experiment to compare 2 design groups. This research was conducted for 4 weeks in May-June 2022, with a total sample of 12 respondents, with details of 6 respondents in the control group and 6 in the treatment group. The type of sampling used is non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling method. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon, and Mann Whitney marked rank test with a significance value of p < 0.05. The questionnaire used in this study was designed using a reference and behavioral theory approach with a reliability of 0.89 and a validity test that obtained a Cronbach alpha value of 0.86.
Results: The value of behavior of caring for sexual function after hysterectomy before intervention in the control group was 29.00±1.789, and after being given the intervention, the value changed to 29.33±0.816 (p=0.564). In the treatment group, the value of behavior of caring for sexual function after hysterectomy before the intervention was 28.50±1.225 and after the intervention was 33.83±2.639 (p=0.027). Behavioral analysis of caring for sexual function after hysterectomy before intervention in the control and treatment groups showed no difference (p=0.591). The self-acceptance model affects the behavior of maintaining the quality of life after hysterectomy in the control and treatment groups (p=0.006).
Conclusion: This study proves that the self-acceptance model affects the behavior of maintaining the quality of life after a hysterectomy.
The effectiveness of acupressure and dhikr in reducing anxiety in pregnant women in the third trimester
Authors: Yati Isnaini Safitri  , Uliyatul Laili  , Nanik Handayani
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Anxiety can occur in pregnant women that can endanger the health of the mother and fetus if not treated. Non-pharmacological therapy to reduce anxiety includes acupressure and dhikr. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acupressure and dhikr in reducing anxiety in third-trimester pregnant women at PMB Maulina Hasnida, M. Mkes.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design involving 30 third-trimester pregnant women who visited PMB Maulina Hasnida, M. Mkes in April - July 2022. In the intervention group, 15 pregnant women were given therapy acupressure and dhikr, while the control group 15 pregnant women were given standard care. Anxiety level was evaluated using the HARS questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver.20.
Results: In the intervention group, the mean anxiety before the intervention was 3.53 and after the intervention was 2.73 (p= 0.277), while in the control group, it was 3.33 before and 3.40 after the intervention (p= 0.014). There was a significant difference in the anxiety levels before and after the intervention in the intervention group (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in the frequency of anxiety levels before and after the intervention in the control group (p= 0.655).
Conclusion: There was a significant difference in anxiety levels in pregnant women in the third trimester, given a combination of acupressure with dhikr compared to standard care.
Mother's motivation and attitude towards baby spa services during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Esty Puji Rahayu  , Nanik Handayani  , Fritria Dwi Anggraini
Published: May 2024

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the stay-at-home policy, which requires people to carry out activities at home, avoid crowds and minimize contact with people, is a problem for baby spa businesses due to the decline in baby spa patients at their clinics. This study aimed to evaluate the mother's motivation and attitude toward baby spa services during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This cross-sectional study involves parents who are consumers of baby spas and independent practice midwives who provide baby spa services in the Sidoarjo Regency that met inclusion criteria. Sample determination used purposive sampling. All data were obtained directly as primary data, then collected and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis in SPSS ver. 20.
Results: Most of the mothers and children were aged 36-40 years (32.0%) and <2 years (72.0%), respectively. Most respondents had high motivation and attitude (70.4% and 74.1%). Chi-square and Fisher exact test showed a significant relationship between the mother's motivation and attitude towards mother's interest in baby spa services (p<0.001)
Conclusion: The mother's attitude and motivation are related to the mother's interest in coming to the baby spa service during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Implementing the Sendai Framework for Volunteers in Sidoarjo District
Authors: Priyo Mukti Pribadi Winoto  , Nursalam  , Iis Noventi  , Sulistyorini  , Ika Mardiyanti  , Ainul Rofik
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Indonesia has a myriad of potential natural disasters that will occur. In the last 10 years, for example, the same disasters have happened again in Indonesia every year. This study aimed to determine the Sendai framework implementation on volunteers in the Sidoarjo district.
Methods: This study used an analytic design with a cross sectional design. A sample size of 35 from a population of 50 was obtained by simple random sampling at the Sidoarjo Tangguh Volunteer Forum (FOREST). The independent variable is Sendai Framework, while the dependent variable is natural disaster management. Data analysis using independent T test.
Results: based on this study, most respondents showed an increase in skill after the intervention, which before intervention most respondents were having not have enough skill of disaster management (21 respondents; 60.0%) and turned into most of the respondents had good skills after the intervention (28 respondents; 80.0%). The Wilcoxon sign rank test with a significance level of = 0.05 obtained a value of = 0.01.
Conclusion: Sendai framework effectively increased disaster risk reduction capacity. Further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of Sendai Framework in improving someone's skill in disaster management, including compounding factors related to the outcome.
Impact of preeclampsia on the outcome of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Djuanda Jonathan Kevin , Akbar M. Aldika , Sulistyono Agus , Aditya Rozi , Ernawati
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/Pp9SqvVDzlw
 
Backgrounds: The COVID-19 outbreaks began at 2020 and spreading fast throughout the world. Infection in pregnancy is associated with increasing number of mortality and morbidity reports as well as increasing reports of preeclampsia (PE) cases complicating the cases. This study aimed to analyze the impact of preeclampsia  on the outcome of COVID-19 patients during pregnancy and determine the effect of these variables on maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 711 COVID-19 patients admitted at Dr. Soetomo Hospital during 2020 - 2021. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, complication, and patient outcomes data were collected. Patients were then classified as COVID-19 with preeclampsia and COVID-19 without preeclampsia. Data were collected from hospital medical records, and statistical analysis was carried out to analyze these variables.
Results: We reported 711 pregnant patients with COVID-19, of which 510 patients (72%) had no preeclampsia and 201 patients (28%) had preeclampsia. There were statistically significant differences in maternal age, referral status, gestational age at admission, comorbidities, complications, and symptoms of COVID-19. COVID-19 with PE had higher comorbidities and severe performance than COVID-19 without PE : > 50% were preterm pregnancy, oxygen saturation < 90% on admission reported on 5.9% cases, 35.8% had symptoms, 20.4 % cases suffered severity/ critical condition, 24.4% need ventilation support. However, there was no significant difference in maternal death cases between COVID-19 with and without PE. Risk analysis shows an increased risk of morbidity in pregnant patients with COVID-19 infection: pulmonary edema, critical condition, ICU admission, and Ventilation needed with OR 18.9, 12.5, 5.1, and 2.7, respectively. 
Conclusion: Preeclampsia increases the risk of morbidity in COVID-19 pregnant patients.
Correlation between T-lymphocyte CD4+ and Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC), hemoglobin, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and T-lymphocyte CD4+/CD8+ ratio in HIV patients at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Prianggandanni Made Ayu Vita , Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi , Wande I Nyoman , Mahartini Ni Nyoman , Herawati Sianny
Published: May 2024

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an RNA virus from the Retroviridae family, Lentiviri subfamily, which attacks the immune system, especially T lymphocytes, namely Cluster of Differentiation 4+ (CD4+) cells. Human Immunodeficiency Virus destroys T lymphocyte CD4+ cells, decreasing immunity against opportunistic infections. For monitoring of HIV, an examination of T lymphocyte CD4+ cells and complete blood counts were conducted.
Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative analytic study was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 at Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah Hospital. Measurements were made on the total number of lymphocytes, hemoglobin levels, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CD4+ levels and CD4+/CD8+ ratios. We analyze normality data using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and correlation using Pearson and Spearman tests. The p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: 56 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 46 males (82.1%) and 10 females (17.9%). Mean age 38.98±11.58 years, mean total lymphocyte 0.64 x 103 μL, median T lymphocyte CD4+ 133.50 sel/mm3, mean hemoglobin 10.11±1.49 g/dL, median NLR 6.51, median CD4+/CD8+ ratio 0.06. The hemoglobin variable was normally distributed, while the other variables were abnormal. The Pearson Correlation test showed a significant relationship between T lymphocytes CD4+ and hemoglobin with r=0.329 (p=0.013). Spearman's Correlation test showed a significant relationship between T lymphocytes CD4+ and NLR, total lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+ ratio with r-0.334 (p=0.012), r=0.777 (p=0.000), r=0.729 (p=0.000) respectively.
Conclusion: There is a strong and significant correlation between the level of T lymphocytes CD4+ and total lymphocyte count and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, a weak and significant correlation between the level of T lymphocytes CD4+ with hemoglobin and NLR in HIV patients at Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah Hospital.
Comparative study on albumin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and D-dimer in chronic hemodialysis patients with COVID-19
Authors: Robinson Robinson , Pratama Kevin Gracia , Aditiawardana
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/-i3vr4qpQUU
 
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on hemodialysis are more susceptible to COVID-19 infections. Mortality and morbidity rate are higher in this population. Thus, it is critical to understand which parameters are associated with mortality in this population. C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and d-dimer were shown in several studies to be associated with mortality in COVID-19-infected hemodialysis patients.
Methods: This study was a comparative observational, retrospective study from the medical records of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis who tested positive for COVID-19 from June 2020 to January 2021 and underwent treatment in the isolation ward were included in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 for Windows.
Results: The non-survivor groups have statistically significant lower albumin (2.78 (2.21-3.40) g/dL vs. 3.20 (2.45-3.80) g/dL; p=0.040) and higher CRP (10.40 (4.10-28.6) mg/L vs. 3.20 (0.10-80.0) mg/L; p=0.020) compared to the survivor group (Table 2). D-dimer value has no significant difference between the non-survivor and survivor groups (4,290 (190-18,310) ng/mL vs. 2,630 (190-19,430) ng/mL; p=0.140)
Conclusion: Non-survivor CKD patients with COVID-19 infections have significantly lower serum albumin and higher CRP concentrations. There is no significant difference in D-dimer concentrations in the survivor and non-survivor groups.
Epigallocatechin gallate effect on Interleukin-1 and MMP-9 expression as Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis adjuvant therapy
Authors: Urolita Tarosa Yodia , Fathimah Fariztah Sukainah Nur , Karima Annisa , Nurwasis  , Zuhria Ismi
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/Ja9klXNlw5A
 
Background: Keratitis Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequently occurring eye infection. It is a rapidly developing condition that can lead to ocular infections (endophthalmitis) and corneal perforation resulting in vision loss. Although prompt administration of antibiotics can effectively kill the bacteria, the corneal damage caused by toxins persists. The following inflammatory process results in corneal thinning, fibrosis, and eventual perforation.
Methods: This study is a literature review to support future experimental studies which will be conducted to examine the expression of IL-1b and MMP-9 on pseudomonas keratitis after administration of EGCG.  
Results: Interleukin-1ß is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by various immune cells in response to acute and chronic inflammation. At the same time, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is a group of proteolytic enzymes involved in the pathophysiology of various ocular surface diseases. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the major polyphenol compound in green tea, produced from the Camellia sinensis plant. Recent studies suggest that EGCG has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on various cell types, including the cornea. EGCG inhibits IL-1β, which induces the activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway, which may explain the decrease in uPA expression and the reduction of collagen degradation by corneal fibroblasts. EGCG inhibits the activation of pro-MMP 9 produced by corneal fibroblasts in response to IL-1β stimulation, and this effect is mediated by the inhibition of uPA upregulation without a significant impact on pro-MMP 9 expressions.
Conclusion: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in Camellia sinensis extract has the potential as an alternative adjuvant therapy for bacterial keratitis because it has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Impact of Abelmoschus esculentus fruit extract on endonuclease_G and apoptosis index in adenocarcinoma mammae. A laboratory experiment: rats given chemotherapy AC
Authors: Budijitno Selamat , Prawiro Satrio Putra , Nugroho Eriawan Agung , Alwi Luqman , Adiputra Putu Anda Tusta
Published: May 2024

Background. Breast cancer has the highest incidence of cancer in women. The first-line chemotherapy, Adriamycin-cyclophosphamide (AC) has good results, but its efficacy is not optimal. The fruit lectin substance Abelmoschus esculentus has an anti-cancer effect, so it is widely used as a chemotherapy supplement. The aim of the study is to prove Abelmoschus esculentus extract can increase the apoptotic index against chemotherapy
Method. In vivo laboratory trial study, we are using Sprague Dawley female rats aged 28 days with mammary adenocarcinoma induced by DMBA. There are 4 groups, namely; control (K): placebo, treatment1 (P1): AC chemotherapy (Adriamycin 1.5 mg and cyclophosphamide 15 mg), treatment2 (P2): Abelmoschus esculentus extract 150 mg/kgBB/day, and treatment3 (P3): a combination of AC and Abelmoschus esculentus extract.
Results. The P3 group had the highest levels of Endonuclease_G (EndoG) and apoptosis at (38.66 ± 0.73) and (21.03 ± 0.69), respectively. Combination of Abelmoschus esculentus extract with chemotherapeutic agents can improve the anticancer outcome by significantly increasing EndoG expression and apoptosis index (p<0.05) in comparison to other groups.
Conclusion. Extract from Abelmoschus esculentus fruit shows high apoptotic index and EndoG expression which means that this extract can increase the apoptotic response to in vivo in-cyclophosphamide adriamis chemotherapy.
Surgical epidemiology of spinal cord tumors at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Utomo Endi Suryo , Arianto Happy Kurnia Broto , Risdianto Ajid , Priambada Dody , Andar Erie Bambang Priyono Setyabudi , Muttaqin Zainal , Arifin Muhamad Thohar , Prihastomo Krisna Tsaniadi , Bakhtiar Yuriz
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/JhROjWPKuAc
 
Background: Primary spinal cord tumors are rare central nervous system tumors that could develop at any age and have different management strategies based on the histopathological types. However, there is a lack of literature in Indonesia regarding the epidemiology and surgical treatment of patients with spinal cord tumors. This study aims to review and address the incidence of primary spinal cord tumors in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using medical records of patients with spinal cord tumors at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Central Java, from 2019 to 2022. The frequency of each tumor, classified by gender, age, histologic type, anatomical position, and location based on vertebral segment, was analyzed to provide a descriptive result. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: A total of 125 patients were identified with the mean age of patients being 43.95 ± 15.28 years old and a slight predominance of males (52.00%). Schwannoma (26.40%) and meningioma (24.80%) were the two most common histological types of tumors. Most of the tumor was intradural extramedullary (47.20%) and at the level of thoracic vertebrae (46.80%). The histologic type of the tumors was found to be associated with the patient’s age and the tumor’s anatomical position.
Conclusion: The incidence of spinal cord tumors in Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, is dominated by meningioma and schwannoma, mostly located at the thoracal level with an intradural extramedullary position. There is a significant association between the histological type of tumor and the patient's age and the location of the tumor
Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumocephalus following Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt (VPS) surgery for hydrocephalus: a case report
Authors: Parenrengi Muhammad Arifin , Hakim Muhammad Wildan , Suryaningtyas Wihasto
Published: May 2024

Link Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/vfAwOXSjbCE
 
Background: Hydrocephalus is still commonly found in pediatric neurosurgery managed by endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt (VPS). Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumocephalus as a complication of VPS surgery is rare. Subcutaneous emphysema is the presence of air in the skin, while pneumocephalus is the presence of air in the intracranial space. This case study aims to evaluate subcutaneous emphysema and pneumocephalus following ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery for hydrocephalus.
Case Presentation: We report an 11-month-old girl with hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis who postoperatively had subcutaneous emphysema and pneumocephalus. 1 week after VPS insertion, there was a crepitation under the skin of the neck and chest. The patient occasionally appeared breathless and had a fever. The respiratory rate increased with rales on the right lung, along with the gradually decreased consciousness, and the abdominal wound slowly became dehiscent. There was subcutaneous emphysema along the shunt track and pneumocephalus.
Conclusion: The interest, in this case, could be that of the patient’s other morbid conditions, including pneumonia and the dehiscent abdominal wound on the post-VP shunt insertion incision that may have also contributed to causing the subcutaneous emphysema and pneumocephalus.
The optimized method for mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into pacemaker-like cell
Authors: Faris Basalamah Faris , Ismail Hadisoebroto Dilogo  , Sunu Budhi Raharjo  , Muchtaruddin Mansyur  , Nuryati Chairani Siregar  , Nurhadi Ibrahim  , Budi Yuli Setianto  , Yoga Yuniadi
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIbeTAOCFcABackground: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into pacemaker-like cells by activating TBX3 and downregulating Pitx2c by inhibiting the nodal signaling pathway. This optimization study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for differentiating MSCs into pacemaker-like cells.
Methods: The differentiation of MSCs into pacemaker-like cells was carried out in three ways: transfecting TBX3 pcDNA into MSCs, inhibiting the nodal signaling pathway using the small molecule SB431542, and a combination of both methods. This optimization study was conducted in two batches. The first batch was an experiment with transfection carried out on the 5th day of differentiation and addition of 20 μM/mL of the small molecule SB431542. The second batch was an experiment with transfection carried out on the 3rd day of differentiation and the addition of 2 μM/mL of the small molecule SB431542. From the two batches, the expression patterns of TBX3, Cx30.2, Cx40, Cx43, HCN4, HCN1, HCN3, and KCNN4 genes were analyzed using the qRT-PCR method.
Results: The results showed that the second batch had a better gene expression pattern in pacemaker-like cells than the first batch. These results were indicated by the increased expression of the TBX3, Cx30.2, HCN4, HCN1, HCN3, and KCNN4 genes. Furthermore, there was a decrease in Cx40 and Cx43 expression levels.
Conclusion: The results showed that TBX3 transfection on the third day and a smaller dose (2 μM/mL) of small molecules and combination treatment induced differentiation from the initial MSC, leading to the expression of pacemaker-like cells.
Genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia major patients in Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widyastiti Nyoman Suci , Nainggolan Ita Margaretha , Limijadi Edward Kurnia Setiawan , Hendrianingtyas Meita , Retnoningrum Dwi , Ariosta  , Nency Yetty Movieta , Dewi Mayasari , Sutamti  , Ratnaningsih Tri , Sukorini Usi
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RG95aJkUndg
Background: Thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies are caused by mutations in the globin genes that reduce haemoglobin synthesis. In many Asian countries, including Indonesia, thalassemia is a common inherited disorder. Thalassemia has specific characteristics due to the wide variability of the mutations from various populations. Therefore, screening protocol should be designed on specific populations’ regional gene mutation patterns. This study aims to investigate the mutational diversity of the globin genes in thalassemia major patients in Rembang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.
Methods: Genetic mutations were carried out in all major thalassemia patients who were recorded and underwent routine blood transfusions at the Rembang District Hospital from 2018 – 2020. Mutation identification was carried out using a PCR- RFLP  (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) based method, the ACRS (Amplified Created Restriction Site) method, and genome sequencing.
Results: The most common genotypes are double heterozygous HbE and Cd 35 mutation (-C) (42.87%), HbE and IVS1-nt.5 mutations (G> C) (28.57%), HbE and IVS1- nt.2 mutations (T> C), HbE and codon 8/9 (insertion + G), codon 8/9 (insertion + G) and Hb Malay, as well as Hb Adana and Hb Constant Spring (1.74%).
Conclusion: The β-thalassemia and α-thalassemia mutations most commonly found in Rembang Regency are Cd 35 (-C) and non-deletional mutations.
Modification of BACAP score as a predictor of pancreatic carcinoma resectability at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Center Hospital Jakarta
Authors: Ravles Ahmad , Putranto Agi Satria , Trisna Dhanasari Vidiawati
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/wBzC28ImZ7Q
Background: Surgery remains the best choice curative treatment for pancreatic cancer. Therefore, it is crucial to establish accurate diagnosis from the beginning. BACAP score and CA 19-9 have been identified as good predictors of pancreatic cancer resectability, and their accuracy is expected to increase when combined. This study aimed to determine the outcomes produced by the combination of the BACAP score and CA 19-9 tumor marker.
Methods: This was retrospective cross-sectional study involved pancreatic cancer patients who underwent surgery between January 2017 and April 2023. Logistic regression analysis was performed on all variables of the BACAP score and CA 19-9. The primary outcomes were demographic characteristics, predictive value of BACAP score, Modified BACAP score, and CA 19-9
Results: A total 87 patients were included. BACAP score yields a sensitivity of 50.0%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 73.8%, and accuracy of 75.9% (AUC 94.6%). While modified BACAP score yielded a sensitivity of 83.1%, specificity of 85.7%, PPV of 70.5%, NPV of 92.5%, and accuracy of 83.9% (AUC 89.4%).
Conclusion: The combination of CA 19-9 and the BACAP score yields a modified score with better outcomes compared to the BACAP score alone in predicting the resectability of pancreatic carcinoma.
Prostate specific antigen-age volume score in predicting prostate cancer among the Indonesian population
Authors: Hamid Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy , Raharja Putu Angga Risky , Rahman Fakhri , Mochtar Chaidir Arif , Umbas Rainy
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/ZNusQRjFEH0
 
Introduction: Several methods have been explored to increase the effectiveness of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer screening. A lower prostate-specific antigen-age volume (PSA-AV) score is associated with higher cancer risk. This study aimed to evaluate the value of PSA-AV scores in the detection of prostate cancer among the Indonesian population.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 844 prostate biopsies performed at our center between January 2015 and December 2019. The score of PSA-AV was derived by multiplication of the patient's age and prostate volume and then division with PSA level. A ROC curve analysis was conducted to determine the cutoff for the PSA-AV score. The sensitivities and specificities of the PSA-AV score were contrasted with total PSA, PSA density, and age-adjusted PSA.
Results: The mean age of the patient was 63.63±8.6 years, with a mean PSA of 16.3±13.9 ng/mL and a mean volume of 42.7±16.0 cm3. Among 844 biopsies, 25.5% tested positive for prostate cancer. Prostate cancer patients had significantly higher mean age, PSA levels, and positive digital rectal examinations (P<0.05). In predicting prostate cancer, the PSA-AV score demonstrated a higher AUC of 0.772, surpassing the AUC of 0.762 achieved by the total PSA. The analysis identified a cutoff of 700 for the PSA-AV score, which showed significant sensitivity (94%) and sufficient specificity (8.4%). These values outperformed the total PSA cutoff of 4 ng/mL (sensitivity 91.6%; specificity 5.4%), PSA density cutoff of 0.15 (sensitivity 85.1%; specificity 30.0%), and age-adjusted PSA cutoff (sensitivity 88.4%; specificity 11.8%). The superiority of the PSA-AV score of <700 was more prominent in the subgroup analysis of patients below 70 years of age and those with a low-moderate prostate volume (<60 cm3).
Conclusions: The PSA-AV score demonstrated superior sensitivities and specificities compared to total PSA, PSA density, and age-adjusted PSA. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize a PSA-AV score of <700, particularly for men below 70 years of age with low-moderate prostate volumes (< 60 cm3).
Penetrating brain injury from an accidental air gun shot: a case report
Authors: Maliawan Sri , Awyono Steven , Junus Eufrata Silvestris , Bagus Dwiki Arya Dharma  , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus
Published: May 2024

Background: Air gun shot injury is a gunshot wound from a pistol or rifle that fires a bullet. The most common part of the body that penetrates in air gunshot injuries is the head, especially the orbit. The majority of fatal cases have been reported to enter that location and commonly involve children and adults. This report presents an interesting point of air gunshot injuries with brain damage surgical management.
Case Description: A 6-year-old boy got referred from other hospitals and came unconscious after being shot in the head by an air gun about eight hours before being admitted to the hospital with a range of about two meters. The patient was said to have accidentally been shot from the front of the head. The patient had a history of vomiting without a history of consciousness and seizure. On the primary survey, the airway, breathing, and circulation were clear, with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 13. Based on the clinical examination and the result of the head CT scan, the patient was diagnosed with penetrating brain injury at the left parietal region, with multiple fragmented objects, intracerebral hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage. We then perform urgent surgery to debride and extract the bullet. There was no surgical morbidity in this patient, who was allowed to go home.
Conclusion: Penetrating brain injuries resulting from air gunshot wounds require exceptional management. Early surgery to debride the wound with consideration of bullet extraction is needed to prevent further complications and for a better outcome for the patient.
The potential of MLC901 as adjuvant therapy for traumatic spinal cord injury by multi-pathway biomechanism: a systematic review
Authors: Wardhana Dewa Putu Wisnu , Satyarsa Agung Bagus Sista , Rosyid Rohadi Muhammad , Harmansyah Husni , Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Islam Andi Asadul , Jawi I Made , Maliawan Sri
Published: May 2024

Background: Traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) is a severe neurological condition that causes long-term nerve function impairment and can even cause death. Further efforts are needed to find better therapy for this condition to improve patients' quality and life expectancy. Moleac 901 (MLC901) is a phytopharmacological refinement that incorporates important molecules to facilitate progenitor nerve cell amplification and differentiation and has significant neuroprotective effects in tSCI cases. This systematic review aims to discover the potential of MLC901 as adjuvant therapy for traumatic spinal cord injury by multi-pathway biomechanism.
Methods: Researchers searched for data sources using three databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) using the keywords “MLC901” and “Spinal Cord Injury.” Articles are included if related to the potential and biomechanism of MLC901 and/or its constituent components in tSCI therapy, using RCT designs, observational, animal studies, and/or original research, including national and international articles from 2013-2023. Article selection followed PRISMA's guidelines for measuring the quality of systematic reviews.
Results: Total of 123 articles were obtained from the database search, and then 13 articles were identified that met the review requirements. Of the 13 articles reviewed, two were related to MLC901 therapy in tSCI: one animal study article and one cohort study in humans. In contrast, the other 11 articles are animal and pharmacological analysis studies discussing the benefits of MLC901 components for tSCI therapy. The MLC901's active ingredients, such as paeoniflorin, safflower yellow, salvianolic acid B, and astragali radix-angelicae sinensis radix, have demonstrated their potential in targeting multiple pathways involved to prevent inflammation, improve microcirculation, protect damaged nerve cells, and promote nerve repair and regeneration.
Conclusion: MLC901 acts primarily as an adjuvant treatment for spinal cord injury by promoting a neuroprotective effect, inhibiting apoptosis, stimulating neurite growth, and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Arachidonic acid pathway in proliferative vitreoretinopathy: the study of the vitreous biomarker in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Djatikusumo Ari , Victor Andi Arus , Wibowo Heri , Nora Rina La Distia , Harahap Alida Roswita , Setiabudy Rianto , Sovani Iwan , Ardhia Seruni Hanna , Adishabri Ananda Kukuh
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/qPty3GvoyYoBackground: While prompt surgical intervention is still the gold standard, controlling the inflammation may prevent or reduce the progression of PVR, thus increasing the surgical success rate. The arachidonic acid pathway has been reported to play a significant role in the development of PVR. This study aims to investigate the role of the arachidonic acid pathway and assess the related vitreous inflammatory biomarkers in cases of RRD with PVR.
Methods: Thirty patients scheduled for a pars plana vitrectomy for RRD with PVR were included in the study. At the beginning of surgery, a sample of undiluted vitreous was collected in each patient to assess vitreous levels of inflammatory biomarkers, including PGE2, COX-2, TGF-β, monocytes (comparison of CD14 and CD45), and total protein. The vitreous inflammatory biomarkers were also analyzed based on the severity of PVR and the onset of RRD.
Results: The mean of PGE2 level was 91.77 ± 31.87 pg/mL, the median (range) of COX-2 level was 1.32 (1.25–1.55) ng/mL; TGF-β was 51.83 (15.61–319.58) pg/mL; monocytes were 90.25 (24.85–95.24) %; and total protein was 4.81 (0.19–20.4) mg/dL. A noticeable trend was found towards the elevation of PGE2, COX-2, TGF- β, monocytes, and total protein vitreous levels in conjunction with the severity of PVR, although no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05 in each group).
Conclusion: Inflammation, particularly the arachidonic acid pathway, plays a vital role in the early stage of the pathogenesis of PVR. Inhibition of the arachidonic pathway by the anti-inflammatory agent at the early stage may provide a therapeutic approach for PVR prevention.
Transnasal Esophagoscopy (TNE) procedure in the outpatient clinic at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Anantomo Muhammad Qodri , Perdana Rizka Fathoni
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/nk1qtXzfl7I
 
Background: Transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) is a small-caliber flexible esophagoscopy technique with the same diagnostic accuracy as conventional esophagoscopy. In addition, this technique is safer than any other technique and has patient tolerance. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the TNE procedure in patients.
Methods: a retrospective approach was used in this study by taking data from the activity register of the broncho-eschatology division of the outpatient unit of ORL-HNS Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. TNE report book and patient medical records were collected to have the data. The observation period was from 2013 to 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows.
Results: patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 99 patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.3: 1. Most endoscopic findings were normal esophagus (56.57%). Existing abnormal findings included esophageal stenosis (18.18%), esophageal mucosal lesions (14.14%), and esophageal tumors (11.11%). TNE examination complications were found to be 1%.
Conclusion: TNE is widely used in patients aged 51-60, with dysphagia, reflux or Globus as the most common indications. TNE is quite safe to do in an outpatient hospital setting.
Clinical practice supportive psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder
Authors: Wardani Natalia Dewi , Widiastuti Maria Immaculata , Aris Sudiyanto  , Hardian  , Petrin Redayani Lukman  , Hertanto Wahyu Subagio  , Dodik Tugasworo
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/rmJ-ivpSU3g
 
Borderline Personality Disorder is usually unstable due to periods of acute crisis, aggressive behavior, suicide attempts, and even substance abuse. Individual psychotherapy has long been considered the main treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder. Supportive psychotherapy can be used on people who are experiencing stressful situations that the person's coping mechanisms are unable to cope with, resulting in tension and distress. Individually supportive psychotherapy involves treating the patient with compassion, empathy, and commitment, regardless of whether the therapist agrees or disagrees with the patient's behavior and thoughts. Supportive psychotherapy seeks to overcome emotional reactivity to stressors and develop ways to inhibit maladaptive impulses. Supportive psychotherapy for Borderline Personality Disorder who have deficits in self-experience by focusing on the dimensions of impulsivity/aggression, affective instability, cognitive/perceptual distortions, and anxiety/inhibition. Supportive psychotherapy sessions discuss the four dimensions according to the patient's condition, which is expected to help patients overcome emotional reactivity and develop ways to inhibit maladaptive impulses.
Website-based application development as an alternative media for reproductive health promotion in adolescent
Authors: Wahyuni Seri , Sukriani Wahidah
Published: May 2024

Background: Adolescents' knowledge about reproductive health is not comprehensive—and most adolescents still consider it taboo to discuss reproductive health issues with their parents. Today's adolescents are included in Generation Z; they like to look for alternative sources of information, especially through electronic media, as their social life cannot be separated from electronic media. This condition is the basis for developing a website as an alternative media for promoting adolescent reproductive health.
Methods: This study combined qualitative and quantitative research methods with a type of R&D (Research and Development). To determine the feasibility of the reproductive health website, a validity test was carried out by 1 material expert, 1 media expert, a small group trial of 8 adolescents, and a large group trial of 384 adolescents of 15-18 years with an android mobile.
Results: The results of validation by the material expert with an average validation value of 81.04% (≥ 61%), the media expert with an average validation value of 82.70% (≥ 61%), a small group trial with an average validation value of 85.56% (≥ 61%), and a large group trial with an average validation value of 90.80% (≥ 61%). There are differences in knowledge before and after treatment; namely, reproductive health education was carried out (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Product feasibility based on these indicators makes the website one of the media alternatives for conducting adolescent reproductive health education.
Administering Valproic acid in epilepsy and speech delay in children
Authors: Rusli Vinia , Irwanto
Published: May 2024

Background: Epilepsy is a recurrent seizure without a trigger. Epilepsy is a chronic disease that is often found in children. Valproic acid is an Anti-Epileptic Drug (AED) often given to children. The effect of valproic acid administration on speech delay has rarely been reported. This case study aims to evaluate the effect of administering valproic acid on epilepsy and speech delay in children
Case Description: A 3-year-old girl was referred to Dr. Soetomo Hospital with epilepsy and speech delay. The patient had recurrent unprovoked seizures since the age of 2 years. She had received valproic acid therapy at the previous hospital and was seizure-free for 5 months before being referred to DSH. The girl can speak in one word but lacks two-word meaningful phrases. There was no perinatal history or previous serious illness. Physical examination was within normal limits. The Denver II examination result was suspect because she failed in speech and language. Her hearing test was normal. Valproic acid was then replaced with phenytoin. In follow-up 7 months after the AED was changed to phenytoin, the patient could string words and speak in sentences. A repeat Denver exam reveals normal speech and language aspects.
Conclusion: Giving valproic acid to patients with epilepsy may trigger speech delay in children.
Association between Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) genotype and mutant protein 53 (p53) expression in cervical cancer
Authors: Samuel  , Arifuddin Sharvianty , Lotisna David , Cangara M. Husni , Hamid Firdaus
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract:https://youtu.be/fff-Unnud2w
 
Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, a primary malignant tumor developing from squamous epithelial cells. HPV expresses oncoproteins E6 and E7, known to inactivate tumor suppressor proteins, one of which is protein 53 (p53). A promising biomarker for diagnosing and prognosis malignancies brought on by the HPV genotype is the identification of p53. This study investigates the association between p53 expression and HPV genotype in cervical cancer patients.
Method: This observational cross-sectional study involved patients diagnosed with cervical cancer on histopathological examination who met the requirements. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to determine the HPV genotype, and an immunohistochemistry analysis was used to assess the level of p53 expression. A Chi-Square test is utilized to evaluate the association between the two variables.
Results: Of the 49 patients, there were 7 (14.3%) patients with HPV type 16, 13 (26.5%) with HPV type 18, 14 (26.5%) other types of HPV and 15 (30.6%) negatives for HPV. Examination of p53 expression showed that 17 (34.6%) samples had <10% expression, 17 (34.6%) had 10-50% expression, and 15 (30.8%) samples had >50% expression. There was no correlation between p53 expression and HPV genotype (p = 0.071). However, an association between p53 expression and cervical cancer's clinical stage was identified (p = 0.028).
Conclusion: Increased cervical cancer stage can be associated with increased p53 expression. Thus, p53 can be used as a predictor of cervical cancer stage. However, in cervical cancer, p53 expression cannot be associated with the HPV genotype.
Correlation between Angiopoietin-2 and IL-6 as inflammation biomarkers on the severity of coagulopathy and mortality in vasodilated shock patients
Authors: Dini Septian  , Christrijogo Soemartono W  , Semedi Bambang Pujo , Prihatma Kriswidyatomo  , Lucky Andriyanto  , Budi Utomo
Published: May 2024

Background: Sepsis and vasodilatory shock are serious medical conditions and cause high mortality rates worldwide. It is known that IL-6 and angiopoietin-2 levels have a role in the etiology of shock in ICU patients. Consequently, this research aims to examine the involvement of angiopoietin-2 and IL-6 in the severity of coagulation problems in patients with vasodilatory shock.
Methods: The study's design is observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design, and the data came from those treated in the ICU room and the Emergency Room at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from February 2020 to March 2022. Data collected included age, respiratory rate, DIC score, APACHE II score, mortality, IL-6 levels, and angiopoietin-2 levels. The data was then analyzed using Easy R (EZR).
Result: 27 of the 44 patients (61.4% of the total) belonged to the DIC group. A correlation between IL-6 levels and DIC incidence and mortality at first ICU admission and after 24 hours in the ICU was shown to be significant (p<0.05). There was also a significant correlation between Angiopoietin-2 and both DIC incidence and mortality upon admission to the ICU and after 24 hours in the ICU (p<0.05). It was found that the test specificity and sensitivity of Angiopoetin-2 and IL-6 levels on the severity of coagulation disorders and mortality in patients with vasodilatation shock were 85.9% for Angiopoetin-2 and 71.6% for IL-6.
Conclusion: There is a correlation between the severity of coagulation disorders in vasodilated shock and increased IL-6 and angiopoietin-2. IL-6 and angiopoietin-2 were to be correlated with mortality and Angiopoietin-2 has higher specificity and sensitivity than IL-6. Multicenter prospective studies are needed to confirm study results.
Thoracic radiography in pediatric COVID-19 cases at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar in 2020-2021
Authors: Asriyani Sri , Sanre Eny , Zainuddin Andi Alfian , Santosa Jeremy Yoshua
Published: May 2024

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/hCLGE3-eNjw
 
Background: Computed tomography (CT) as a chest radiographic examination has emerged as a crucial procedure for screening, diagnosing, and monitoring COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the radiographic appearance of thoracic imaging in pediatric cases of COVID-19 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar, Indonesia.
Methods: This study is an observational study design that uses secondary data from medical records to examine the radiographic appearance of thoracic imaging in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection. The study was conducted at the Radiology Department of Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital in Makassar, Indonesia, from January 1st 2020, to December 31st 2021. The population included all pediatric patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR results and a chest X-ray examination sent for thoracic imaging examination. The study sample was taken from all accessible populations that met the study criteria until the end of the study period.
Results: A total of 147 samples (51.05%) showed abnormalities or pathological lesions on thoracic radiography, with consolidation being the most common finding (27.77%) distributed diffusely in both unilateral and bilateral regions. The rarest pathological finding was pleural effusion in 22 samples (7.63%). Conversely, 141 samples (48.95%) showed normal results on thoracic radiography examination. In the age group of 0-<1 month, 46 samples (55.43%) showed abnormalities on thoracic radiography, with consolidation being the most common finding in this age group, found in 30 samples (36.14%).
Conclusion: This study showed that most children with COVID-19 symptoms exhibit abnormalities on thoracic radiography. However, these findings are not specific, and therefore, thoracic radiography cannot be used for screening or as a first-line diagnostic examination.