bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virulence Determinants of Escherichia coli Isolated from Buffalo Subclinical Mastitis
Authors: Singh Anjali , Chhabra Daljeet , Gangil Rakhi , Sikrodia Ravi , Shukla Supriya , Sharda Rakesh
Published: September 2022

Background: E. coli associated buffalo mastitis is comparatively least studied area in microbes in India. Mastitis is an inflammatory reaction of the parenchyma of the mammary gland that can be of an infectious, traumatic or toxic nature. Methods: Total 300 buffalo milk samples were collected. E. coli were isolated from the mastitis samples and characterized for virulence factors haemolysis, biofilm formation, invasiveness and molecular characterization of fimH and Pap Gene. Result: Out of total 300 buffalo milk samples 52.33% were found positive for sub clinical mastitis. E. coli was recovered only from 17.19% samples. Hemolytic activity was exhibited in 23 (85.18%) out of 27 examined E. coli strains. Invasive property also has been determined in 12 (44.44%) isolates. A higher percentage of isolates were found positive for biofilm production by CRA (70.37%) than by tube (33.33%) method. In present study, fimH gene was detected in 8 isolates (29.62%). However, none of the isolate was found positive for pap gene.
Pilot brewery tests of Czech flavour hop varieties registered in 2022
Authors: Mikyška Alexandr , Slabý Martin , Jurková Marie , Štěrba Karel , Nesvadba Vladimír , Charvátová Jitka
Published: September 2022

Seven new Czech “flavour hop” varieties were tested in pilot brewing trials (50 l), in which samples of Ale-style beer were prepared using dry hopping. Essential oils in the beer were determined by fluidized-bed extraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Hop-derived aromas in beer were evaluated by descriptive method. Comparison of terpene essential oils in samples showed differences between hop genotypes and only a partial relationship with the sensory profile of beer. A cluster analysis of hop aromas in beer revealed the relationship between the pairs of Saturn and Pluto; N and Eris; Ceres and Jupiter hop varieties. The submitted results present the sensory properties of these new varieties and are useful for further study of the relationship between chemical and sensory profile of dry hopped beers.
What Works for Health Systems Strengthening: An Overview of the Evidence – Resource Toolkit
Authors: Kim Ozano , Witter Sophie , Keatinge Jo , Scott Beth , Wardrop Nicola
Published: September 2022

This resource toolkit has been produced by K4D in partnership with the Health Systems Team in the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) Human Development Department and renowned global health systems expert Prof. Sophie Witter (Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh). The toolkit is aimed at FCDO’s network of health advisors, and policy and programme managers based in country offices and central teams. The purpose of this toolkit is to summarise and present key messages from the latest evidence on ‘what works’ for health systems strengthening (HSS) to help embed a stronger HSS approach into all of our work on health as outlined in FCDO’s position paper Health Systems Strengthening for Global Health Security and Universal Health Coverage (FCDO 2021). The toolkit draws extensively on more detailed pieces of work analysing the evidence in more depth, which were disseminated through the health network in FCDO (and previously the Department for International Development) between 2019 and 2022 titled Evidence Review of What Works for Health Systems Strengthening, Where and When? (Witter et al. 2021). This toolkit also links back to a multitude of resources and recorded sessions collected as part of K4Ds previous learning journey on HSS.
Implementasi Akad Muamalah di Pasar Tradisional Keppo Pamekasan
Authors: M. Haris Hidayatulloh
Published: September 2022

Akad merupakan suatu aspek penting yang dibutuhkan masyarakat dalam melakukan transaksi, dengan adanya akad sistem transaksi akan lebih jelas dan terarah. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis akad yang digunakan serta penerapannya oleh para pelaku ekonomi di Pasar Keppo Pamekasan khususnya pada sistem jual-beli sapi dan juga untuk mengetahui kesesuaiannya dengan aturan Syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dimana data diperoleh dari hal wawancara bersama para pedagang dan pembeli sebagai pelaku kegiatan ekonomi di pasar tradisional Keppo Pamekasan untuk selanjutnya disimpulkan secara deskriptif. Penelitian ini menhasilkan temuan bahwa akad-akad yang digunakan oleh para pelaku ekonomi di pasar ini memiliki kesesuaian dengan akad muamalah atau sesuai dengan aturan-aturan islam dalam menjalankan setiap transaksi ekonomi, akad-akad yang digunakan diantaranya jual-beli, kerjasama (musyarakah), kerjasama penyertaan modal (mudharabah) dan jual beli dengan penentuan margin (murabahah). Pada dasarnya secara istilah pada pedagang maupun pembeli tidak memahami tentang jenis-jenis akad muamalah yang digunakan, namun secara implementasi akad-akad yang digunakan tersebut dilakukan dengan baik dan benar. (The contract is an important aspect that is needed by the community in carrying out transactions, with the existence of a contract the transaction system will be clearer and more focused. The purpose of this research is to find out the types of contracts used and their application by economic actors in the Pamekasan Keppo market, especially in the cattle buying and selling system and also to determine their compliance with Sharia rules. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach where data is obtained from interviews with traders and buyers as actors in economic activities in the Pamekasan Keppo traditional market to be concluded descriptively. This study resulted in the findings that the contracts used by economic actors in this market were in conformity with the muamalah contract or in accordance with Islamic rules in carrying out every economic transaction, the contracts used included buying and selling, cooperation (musyarakah), cooperation on equity participation (mudharabah) and buying and selling with the determination of margin (murabahah). Basically, in terms of terms, traders and buyers do not understand the types of muamalah contracts used, but the implementation of the contracts used are carried out properly and correctly).
Hukum Menyegerakan Zakat Harta dalam Surat Edaran Menteri Agama Nomor 6 Tahun 2020 Perspektif Dlawabith Maslahah Said Ramadhan Al-Buthi
Authors: Muhammad Khatibul Umam  , Abbas Arfan  , Burhanuddin Susamto
Published: September 2022

Menyegerakan zakat harta yang tertuang dalam Surat Edaran Menteri Agama No.06 Tahun 2020 dilakukan untuk kemaslahatan umat. Teori dlawabith al-Maslahah d al-Buthi dirasa pelu menjadi alat pengukur tentang Batasan seuatu dikatakan sebagai maslahah. Maka dari itu timbulah rumusan masalah sebagai berikut: pertama, bagaimana hukum menyegerakan  zakat dalam Undang-Undang zakat?. Kedua, bagaimana kesesuaian menyegerakan zakat perpsektif teori Dlawabith al-Maslahah Al-Buthi. Penelitian ini merpakan penelitian normative dengan menggunakan pendekatan konseptual atau pustaka (Conceptual Approach). Hasil penelitan ini mempunyai kesimpulan bahwa dalam Undang-Undang zakat, bahwa untuk melakukan pembayaran zakat harta harus mencapai Nishab dan haul. Kedua, dalam teori Dlawabith al-Maslahah al-Buthi jika menyegerakan zakat harta demi kemaslahatan dan tidak bertentangan dengan tujuan syariah, al-Qur’an dan Hadis. (hastening the zakat of assets contained in the Circular of the Minister of Religion No. 06 of 2020 is carried out for the benefit of the people. The theory of dlawabith al-Maslahah d al-Buthi feels the need to be a measuring tool about the boundaries of something said to be maslahah. Therefore, the formulation of the problem arises as follows: first, how is the law hastening zakat in the zakat law? Second, how is the suitability of accelerating zakat from the perspective of Dlawabith al-Maslahah Al-Buthi theory. This research is a normative research using a conceptual approach or literature (Conceptual Approach). The results of this research have the conclusion that in the Zakat Act, that in order to pay zakat assets, it must reach the Nishab and haul. Second, in the theory of Dlawabith al-Maslahah al-Buthi, if it hastens the zakat of wealth for the benefit and does not conflict with the objectives of sharia, the Koran and Hadith.)
Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah Menurut Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI)
Authors: Nurjaman Muhamad Izazi , Witro Doli
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kedudukan fatwa DSN-MUI yang mengalami transformasi yang awalnya sebagai legal opinion menjadi legal binding, sehingga memiliki kekuatan hukum mengikat. Secara tidak langsung, substansi fatwa diadopsi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan. Namun, apakah substansi fatwa mengenai penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah juga diadopsi oleh peraturan perundang-undangan atau fatwa yang mengadopsi peraturan perundang-undangan. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini akan memaparkan penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah menurut fatwa DSN-MUI. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kepustakaan melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif, penelitian ini mengungkapkan fakta bahwa dalam substansi penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah, DSN-MUI mengadopsi peraturan perundang-undangan yang memberikan kewenangan kepada sebuah lembaga untuk memeriksa dan memutus perkara ekonomi syariah. Sehingga memberikan pilihan penyelesaian sengketa yang beragam dengan memposisikan jalur musyawarah mufakat sebagai jalur penyelesaian sengketa utama yang harus ditempuh terlebih dahulu sebagai ciri khasnya, sebelum para pihak memilih jalur penyelesaian sengketa yang lain. (This research is motivated by the position of the DSN-MUI fatwa which underwent a transformation which was originally a legal opinion to become legal binding, so that it has binding legal force. Indirectly, the substance of the fatwa is adopted by legislation. However, whether the substance of the fatwa regarding the settlement of sharia economic disputes is also adopted by laws and regulations or the fatwa that adopts laws and regulations. Therefore, this study will describe the settlement of sharia economic disputes according to the DSN-MUI fatwa. By using the descriptive literature method through a normative juridical approach, this study reveals the fact that in the substance of sharia economic dispute resolution, DSN-MUI adopts laws and regulations that authorize an institution to examine and decide on sharia economic cases. Thus providing various dispute resolution options by positioning the deliberation and consensus path as the main dispute resolution path that must be taken first as a characteristic, before the parties choose another dispute resolution path.)
Political Question Doctrine and Judicial Attitude to Political Controversies in Nigeria: Implications for Constitutionalism
Authors: Ottoh Ferdinand Okonicha
Published: September 2022

The political question doctrine has become one of the jurisprudential issues in a constitutional democracy, as the courts may not want to exercise judicial review to determine the constitutionality of the action of the other organs of government or a statute before it. As a legal instrument, judicial review has been used to expand or reduce the powers of the governments, but the courts decide to exercise this power discretionarily on the ground that it falls within the province of politics. This study aimed to analyze 'political question' and judicial attitude to political controversies in Nigeria by unraveling how the doctrine of political question has been applied in three main areas–impeachment proceedings, political parties' primary elections, and post-election matters. It also analyzed the judiciary's attitudes to political controversies and evaluated the implications of the political question doctrine to constitutionalism. The study argued that this attitude negates the principle of constitutionalism as it contends that the courts' deliberate avoidance of a political question is typical of the judiciary in Nigeria in most political controversies. Consequently, the courts abuse the issues of discretion and non-justiciable, so that it is imperative to unravel the intricacies of the political question doctrine by undertaking a comprehensive jurisprudential analysis by highlighting the most controversial aspects and how the court's attitude in political controversies undermines its commitment to constitutionalism. Furthermore, it contradicted checks and balances, fundamental human rights, and the rule of law. This study concluded that the doctrine of political question would be judiciously used by the court and not to avoid determining contentious political issues that may likely derail Nigeria's democratic process and stability.
Is the theory of self-regulation of the epidemic process acceptable for the new coronavirus infection COVID-19?
Authors: Bilev A. E. , Bileva N. A. , Chupakhina L. V. , Vandysheva T. V. , Ariskina M. A.
Published: September 2022

In recent years there have been discussions about the universality of the theory of self-regulation of the epidemic process, developed by academician V.D. Belyakov. Its adequacy for infections with different mechanisms of pathogen transmission, as well as for different groups in the ecological classification of infectious diseases (anthroponoses, zoonoses, sapronoses) has been questioned. In this connection, it seemed relevant to test the applicability of the main provisions of the self-regulation theory to the manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process.

The aim of the investigation was to determine whether the manifestations of COVID-19 epidemic process in the territory of Samara region were in compliance with certain provisions of the self-regulation theory of epidemic process by academician V.D. Belyakov.

Material and methods. The study was conducted in the Samara region and Moscow, the study period: March 2020 – June 2022. The data of official statistics on morbidity, population mortality from COVID-19, morbidity of community-acquired pneumonia were used as research material. Elements of classical epidemiological analysis were used as research tools, for calculations we used Excel, Statgraphics plus for Windows programs.

Results. The second (key) proposition of the theory of self-regulation of the epidemic process by academician V. D. Belyakov was shown to be applicable to the epidemic process COVID-19. On the example of COVID-19, as an infection with an unspecified group in the ecological classification of infectious diseases, the postulate of V.D. Belyakov on the relative autonomy of the course of the epidemic process in different territories was confirmed.
Liberdade, segurança e polícia
Authors: Brito Fabiana Amaro de
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo aborda a instituição de órgãos de polícia como representantes do poder e da autoridade do Estado sob a ótica da filosofia, sobretudo no contexto do contrato social, fundamentada em revisão bibliográfica. Ainda que o homem tenha preterido sua liberdade natural em prol de uma liberdade assistida, e sendo a polícia um dos órgãos responsáveis por essa assistência, não há como afirmar que esse trabalho está correspondendo aos anseios da sociedade, sobretudo ao se analisar os índices de violência que a envolvem. Nesse sentido, a sociedade vem questionando a necessidade da existência dessas instituições, muitas vezes, inclusive, pedindo sua extinção.
A educação humanista para o ensino jurídico
Authors: Palmeira Lana Lisiêr de Lima , Mariz Tobyas Maia de Albuquerque , Cordeiro Carla Priscilla Barbosa Santos
Published: September 2022

Este estudo buscou analisar como os currículos se originaram, estabelecendo como ponto de partida a tradição romana e sua arqueologia do saber jurídico, para, em seguida, adentrar nas reflexões em torno da ciência e da técnica na modernidade, desnudando aspectos valiosos a fim de se (re)pensar uma pauta humanista nessa seara. Como opção teórico-metodológica, adotou-se a abordagem de natureza qualitativa, com ênfase na revisão de literatura. Como resultado, ficou evidente a necessidade concreta de um modelo de educação jurídica que possa romper com a configuração socioeducacional atual e que seja capaz de assegurar a junção equilibrada entre o Humanismo, a Ciência, a Técnica, as Artes.
A relação entre a filosofia e a educação
Authors: Araújo Maria Núbia de , Pereira Maria Elly Krishna dos Santos , Gonçalves Ruth Maria de Paula
Published: September 2022

O trabalho discute os fundamentos da educação e as contribuições da filosofia para a educação e para a pedagogia. A análise, em andamento, constitui nossas pesquisas na universidade, investigando as concepções pedagógicas e os pressupostos e fundamentos da educação. O texto de caráter teórico-bibliográfico apresenta uma síntese nas correntes da filosofia da educação, identifica a função social, os limites e as possibilidades desse complexo considerando a especificidade da sociedade de classes. Dessa forma, apoia-se em Saviani (2012, 2013, 2013a), Aranha (1996) e Severino (1995). A educação e a formação humana no modo de produção capitalista perpassam por mecanismos explícitos e implícitos inerentes às teorias educacionais e à práxis educativa determinando as concepções de homem, de mundo e de sociedade.
Analyzing the influence of servant leadership on job performance through work engagement as a mediator
Authors: Febrianti Adjeng Mariana , Yulian Eka Triana
Published: September 2022

Organizations are currently seeking for ways to improve their performance in order to remain in the fierce competition in the business environment. In this regard, leadership plays a crucial role as they can shape employees’ behavior and attitude in the organization. This study is carried out to analyze and understand the relationship between servant leadership, work engagement, and job performance. It also aims to examine the mediating role of work engagement in the relationship between servant leadership and job performance. This study uses quantitative approach with the survey. The population of this study is employees of manufacturing companies in West Java, Indonesia, with a total number of samples of 115 respondents, which are chosen using purposive sampling. The data collection is done using a survey by distributing questionnaires to respondents online. The data analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of this study indicate that servant leadership has a positive influence on both work engagement and job performance, while work engagement has a positive influence on job performance. In addition, this study also proved that work engagement is a mediator in the relationship between servant leadership and job performance. This study provides a fruitful contribution for managers or leaders of employees in manufacturing companies, such that they can foster employee performance through leading in a servant leadership style. This leadership style will be able to help employees to develop engagement in their work, and it will eventually increase their job performance.
Key determinants of corruption in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Ahmad Emad , Issa Lina A.
Published: September 2022

This study examines the effect of some economic and non-economic factors on corruption.  It tests a number of hypotheses formulated around the impact of specific dimensions on increasing or reducing corruption in the Middle East and North Africa Region over a time series from 2008 to 2018. The objective of this study is to illuminate the impact of several independent factors (average income, economic freedom, education, income distribution and globalization) on corruption increase or decrease in the MENA region taking a few countries as a sample case. To reach this end, secondary data is employed and retrieved from secondary sources using published reports and indexes and official websites and databases maintained by various research institutions. The results are tested using panel data regression analysis as a statistical tool for data analysis and hypotheses testing. Findings indicate a significant effect of the presented economic and non-economic determinants on corruption in these sample countries except income distribution which shows an insignificance effect.
Understanding the technology acceptance model in the QRIS usage: Evidence from SMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Husrizal Syah Dedy , Rahman Dongoran Faisal , Wahyu Nugrahadi Eko , Aditia Reza
Published: September 2022

This study aims to examine the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for QRIS usage in SMEs in Indonesia. We employed Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with a first-order reflective model to analyze the data. The dataset contains 107 SMEs in Medan, Indonesia (n = 107). There are four constructs in the model in this study, namely: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude toward using, and behavioral intention to use. After evaluating measurement models and structural models known to meet the criteria, we can conclude the results of the data analysis. In general, all variables positively affect other variables in this model, although one of them is insignificant. The results indicate that perceived usefulness is positive and significantly affects attitude toward using and behavioral intention to use. At the same time, attitude toward using is also positive and significantly affects behavioral intention to use. Furthermore, perceived ease of use is also shown to have a positive and significant effect on attitude toward using and perceived usefulness. However, perceived ease of use insignificantly affects behavioral intention to use, although it still positively affects the behavioral intention to use. The findings of this study provide some crucial implications for SMEs and the provider of QRIS. Since the results indicate welcoming QRIS usage, the socialization of QRIS needs to be more massive to reach the vast majority of Indonesian SMEs in Indonesia.
Enterprise risk management: Challenges and the strategies for success
Authors: Alawattegama Kingsley Karunaratne
Published: September 2022

The objective of this paper is to identify the challenges of implementing and adopting an effective ERM system and to suggest alternative strategies that could be pursued as countermeasures to those challenges. This study is based on survey data gathered from 379 respondents representing 129 companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange of Sri Lanka. This study found that the lack of availability of information to make risk-based decisions; the need to ensure that all decisions are made within the organization’s risk tolerance level, and the lack of top management support for ERM implementation; are the most influencing challenges for business organizations that obstruct ERM effectiveness. This study suggests that organizations should promote a good corporate culture that fosters ERM supportive internal environment. It is also suggested that the support of the top management and their commitment to being corporative with the firms’ ERM function without making ERM is the sole responsibility of the finance people. Further, it is suggested that organizations have a designated position dedicated to overseeing the ERM function and providing executive leadership for its effective implementation.
The performance of rural banks in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mulyati Sri , Fauziah Nur , Singapurwoko Arif , Kartini Kartini
Published: September 2022

Previous studies analyzing the relationship between the performance of rural banks and the COVID-19 pandemic are very limited in number. This study aims to find out how the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the performance of rural banks in Indonesia. This study uses panel regression data to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) from the capital aspect, non-performing loan (NPL) from the asset quality aspect, return on assets (ROA) from the earning aspect, and cash ratio (CR) from the aspect of liquidity. Our findings explain that the COVID-19 pandemic has a positive effect on CAR and NPL, a negative effect on ROA, and no effect on CR.
The influence of a historically disadvantaged background on reading culture
Authors: Makena Bulelwa
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the influence of historically disadvantaged background on the culture of reading in some primary school learners from a school district. Investigation for this article was administered through a qualitative research approach, assisting in attaining first-hand information directly from the participants, thereby generating nonnumerical data. Embedded in this qualitative investigation was a case study design. As qualitative research concentrates on acquiring a comprehended understanding of how individuals perceive lived experiences, the main purpose of entrenching a case study was to dig deep into the in-depth descriptions coupled with the personal experiences of the subjects. It draws from semi-structured interviews conducted with primary school language teachers. The interview schedule specifically designed for this inquiry contained open-ended question types. During interviews, recordings were made in their natural settings through interacting with each participant. Data coding and analysis were informed by the iterative approach. The main findings of this investigation indicate that (i) teaching reading remains one of the basic skills in learning but was (ii) compromised by the lack of reading material, stemming from the disadvantaged background of the studied schools. Also, though motivation by parents seems to yield good results, there seemed to be (iii) a lack of influence and intervention strategies regarding available resources in the learners’ homes. I argue that family background does correlate (have an impact on learner reading ability) with learners’ reading ability. I conclude and propose that teachers need to employ teaching and learning methods that accommodate various cultural notions learners bring to school, as this is likely to impart positively on their academic performance.
Purchase intention in the scope firm of corporate social responsibility
Authors: Faeq Dalia Khalid , Saleh Pakzad Fadel , Hiwa Hoznin , Ismael Aroz , Nawzad Mohammed
Published: September 2022

This empirical study seeks to examine the effect of purchase intention within the scope of corporate social responsibility. Via the housing sector in Garden City in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. For this study, the data was collected through primary sources using a survey questionnaire to collect data from 181 customers. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical tools like SPSS V.24. The results showed a relationship between corporate social responsibility and purchase intention. Following the recommendation, The Halabja Group should seek to increase corporate social responsibility by using the appropriate strategic direction towards achieving their goals, and that is by setting short-, medium, and long-term plans to achieve them.
The effect of transformational leadership on employee performance mediated by readiness to change & work motivation: A survey of PT. Karsa Utama Lestari employees
Authors: Hariadi Ahmad Rizky , Muafi Muafi
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze (1) the effect of transformational leadership on readiness to change, (2) the effect of transformational leadership on employee motivation, (3) the effect of readiness to change on employee performance, (4) the effect of employee motivation on employee performance, (5) the effect of transformational leadership on performance mediated by a readiness to change and (6) the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance mediated by employee motivation. The technique in this study uses a survey with 80 employees of PT. Lestari Main Karsa as a sample. The statistical method uses Partial Least Square (PLS). This study examines several hypotheses which include transformational leadership, readiness to change, employee motivation, and employee performance. The results of this study indicate that transformational leadership positively affects employee readiness to change. Transformational leadership also has a positive effect on employee motivation. The other hypotheses are that readiness to change has a positive effect on employee performance, and work motivation also has a positive effect. The mediating role of readiness to change and work motivation also has a positive effect on the relationship of transformational leadership to employee performance. Transformational leadership, readiness to change, and work motivation have a positive effect on performance. This study can be used as a guide for the company in improving employee performance.
The effect of ease of access on financial prosperity of micro and small entrepreneurs in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Kimari Anne , Lio San , Ogada Agnes
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this paper is to establish the effect of the ease of access to mobile credit on the financial prosperity of MSEs. The ease of access describes the simplicity and easy way of enabling the provision of credit to a mobile money subscriber. Mobile credit means the credit offered through mobile phones whether from mobile phone operators in conjunction with banks or non-bank financial institutions or stand-alone mobile finance companies as per AFI - Global (2020) definition. This study tries to analyze whether there is a relationship between ease of access and the financial prosperity of an entrepreneur. Financial prosperity on the other hand is the economic well-being of a person or institution. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population for this study was 271,365 Licensed Small and Micro entrepreneurs in Nairobi County as per the Nairobi City County Licensing Database as of 16th November 2020. The sampling design employed a stratified sampling design to achieve a representative sample of the respondents. The sample size was 400 MSEs from each MSE, and the owner or key member was picked to participate. Overall, it was found that ease of access to mobile credit had a positive influence on financial prosperity. This implies that improved access to mobile credit leads to improved financial prosperity. An increase in Ease of access has a significant positive relationship (1.741432) with the financial prosperity composite. An increase in ease of access by one unit leads to an increase in financial prosperity by 1.741 units. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that mobile lenders should offer mobile credit with affordable terms. The mobile credit lenders should maintain a short period of the mobile money application process and approval to enhance the profitability and leverage of businesses. With good use of mobile credit, increased liquidity would increase financial prosperity for micro and small entrepreneurs.
The effect of person-organization fit, quality of work-life and organizational justice on job satisfaction and employee performance at PT. Jambi Regional Development bank in Jambi West Region
Authors: Yeni Misra , Situngkir Sihol , Amin Shofia , Edward
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of person-organization fit, quality of work-life and organizational justice on employee performance at PT Jambi Regional Development Bank in Jambi West Region using job satisfaction as a mediator. This study uses a quantitative approach with a population of 201 respondents and a sample of 134 respondents. Data collection techniques using questionnaires. The data analysis technique used in this study is The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) statistical software AMOS 5.00 on the model and study of hypotheses. The results showed that person-organization Fit had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Quality of Work Life has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Organizational justice has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Person-Organization Fit does not affect employee performance. Quality of Work Life does not affect employee performance. Organizational justice does not affect employee performance. Person-Organization Fit has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. Quality of Work Life has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. Organizational justice has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The findings of this study state that the variables Person-Organization Fit (P-O Fit), Quality of work-life, Organizational Justice, and job satisfaction have never been tested all simultaneously on employee performance. The second finding of this study is that job satisfaction has a strong effect on performance. In addition, research at PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi in Jambi West Region is still very rarely done.
Assessment of fuel price, exchange rate and unemployment rate impact on road passenger journeys in South Africa
Authors: Ntshingila Molebaleso Lydia
Published: September 2022

The transportation sector is one of the sectors that contribute to the South African economy and its people’s well-being. This sector facilitates goods transportation and people’s mobility through air, water and land transportation. In recent decades passenger transportation journeys experienced a decline and this decline may due to various causes such as cost of transportation, low economic growth, exchange rate volatility, unemployment and petrol price. This study aimed to analyze the effect of petrol price, exchange rate and unemployment rate on on-road passenger journeys. The study applied ARDL and ECM models to data from 2008 to 2021 to examine how the variables above influence long-term and short behaviour in road passenger journeys.  Findings revealed that, in the long run, all independent variables influence road passenger journeys. Yet, unemployment has more power over road passenger journeys than exchange rate and petrol price. Short-term dynamics reveal that only the exchange rate and unemployment influence road passenger journeys. The study recommends job creation, exchange rate strengthening and petrol subsidies to increase the number of road passenger journeys in South Africa.
Capacity building model for rural lower catagories: SWOT analysis
Authors: Aman Suyadi  , Handayani Erna , Naelati Tubastuvi  , Meilana Eka Trinowo
Published: September 2022

There are still many villages that have abundant potential but have not been able to utilize it optimally. In general, the problem is in the capacity of managers and community empowerment. The relationship between Capacity Building in improving performance has been proven in many studies and the capacity building model. This study proposes a particular capacity-building model for developing village management to improve village welfare and independence. The research used the method of observation, open questionnaires, discussion group forums, and closed questionnaires to capture the needs of village development. The Capacity Building model is formulated based on a SWOT Analysis of the research data obtained.
An exploratory study of a law enforcement model for vehicle speed in Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa
Authors: Taumang Makalo E. , Bello Paul O. , Olutola Adewale A.
Published: September 2022

This study explores the law enforcement model for vehicle speed in Tshwane municipality of South Africa.  South Africa has comparatively high road traffic crashes and casualty rates. Most of these crashes are associated with illegal speeding. This study was designed against the background of protracted road traffic crashes the triple causative factors as well as existing traffic law enforcement systems and processes aimed at managing illegal speeding. Data were collected from a sample of 28 senior law enforcement officials from the Tshwane Metropolitan Police Department (TMPD) traffic division, the Gauteng Traffic Police and the National Traffic Police. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis’ open and axial coding processes on Atlas.ti.8. In its findings, the study developed a model that shows that illegal speeding and consequential road crashes were caused by an interaction of multiple factors. These were poor human behavioural elements as the main factor, road-environment factors and vehicle-related factors in the presence of inadequate and uncoordinated traffic law enforcement, weak penal systems for offenders, corruption, poor driver training and low road safety education.
Right to health on access to clean water in Indonesia
Authors: Fransiska Asmin
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the need for a human rights policy approach to eliminate climate injustice, especially in clean water. Also, the relationship between climate injustice with the right to health on the issue of clean water has been studied. In addition, a qualitative method based on library research and the decision on water cases has been presented. The main finding is that Indonesian policy regarding climate is still in the framework of programs and notions. Still, it is not yet established as a national policy with human rights approach. The article also shows that although the right to clean water does not explicitly write as a single definition, the core instruments of international human rights law oblige the government to protect, fulfill and promote the water right. In Indonesia, a water right is programmatic and regulated in economic models, but not from a right-based and public interest perspective. The right to health regarding the access, availability, and quality of water in Indonesia is not yet fulfilled under Indonesian human rights’ obligation as a member of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights.
On the problem of identifying the Belkaragai type of the Neolithic ceramics in Turgai
Authors: Shevnina I.V. , Logvin A.V.
Published: September 2022

The settlement of Belkaragai 1 is located on the shore of a dry lake, 160 km south-west of the city of Kostanay (Kostanay Region, Northern Kazakhstan), at an altitude of 6 m from its bottom. The paper examines the materials of the settlement of Belkaragai 1, where it was possible to identify a new type of ceramics — Belkaragai. The purpose of this work is to determine the cultural and chronological affiliation of all archaeological materials obtained from site B of the settlement of Belkaragai 1. The settlement covers an area of about 15 hectares. Seve-ral accumulations of finds were recorded; one of them, designated as site B, attracted attention due to significant quantity of plates. An exploratory dig was set up; the total area of the excavation was 144 m². The analysis, synthesis, generalization, description, comparison, statistical methods, comparative typological method, and the method of analogies were used to distinguish the Belkaragai type of the Neolithic ceramics in Turgai. The raw feedstock and molding masses of the ceramic products were studied using binocular microscopy and petrographic analysis. The main feature of the Belkaragai type ceramics is the combination of the Eneolithic exterior of the vessels with the typical Mahanjar admixture of wool and animal hair in the composition of the clay dough. The Belkaragai type of ceramics accompanied a lamellar complex of stone tools, which is commensurable with the Mahanjar complex but has its own characteristics manifested in the width of the plates and composition of the tools. The peculiarities of the ceramics and flint industry allows placing chronologically the Belkaragai type of ceramics between the Mahanjar (Neolithic) and Tersek (Late Neolithic) antiquities. Besides, it should not go unnoticed that the Belkargai type may be genetically related to the Mahanjar Neolithic antiquities. As the result of the search for analogies to the Belkaragai type in the materials of other Turgai sites (the sites of Duzbay 3, Svetly Dzharkul, and the settlements of Bestamak and Buruktal 1), it was possible to identify pottery which, in terms of its main features, correlates well with the Belkaragai type. It is possible that the Belkaragai-type materials are not a local phenomenon, but have a wider character (at least within the Turgai trough). Most likely, this is a cultural phenomenon that reflects the processes that took place in Turgai at the end of the Neolithic period.
Intragroup analysis of new craniometric data from the ancient Panjakent nauses
Authors: Kufterin V.V. , Dubova N.A. , Syutkina T.A.
Published: September 2022

The article discusses new cranial materials excavated at the ancient Panjakent necropolis in 2003–2004. The crania were found in ossuary burials in nauses (small separate crypts) dating from the late VII to the early VIII centuries AD. The materials of the study include 19 crania of various preservation statuses (7 males, 11 females and one non-adult individual). The present study aims to compare the newly obtained cranial data with the al-ready published samples to see whether they are consistent with the current knowledge about the specifics of the crania from ancient Panjakent nauses. Furthermore, the new materials increase the sample size, which allows for an intragroup statistical analysis to be applied — the maximum overall number of observations in the pooled sam-ple has increased to 42 (data published by Ginzburg in 1950-s included). Besides from the craniometric part, we also recorded non-metric traits and visible pathological conditions, which are not discussed separately in the pa-per. The intragroup analysis of variability included both univariate (standard deviations, the F-test of equality of variances, correlation analysis) and multivariate statistical methods (Principal component analysis). In general, the increase in the sample size has not changed its anthropological characteristics described almost 70 years ago. This was a sub-brachycranial Caucasoid population with average-sized neuro- and facial cranium, moderate horizontal profiling, and moderate nasal bones protrusion. Statistical analyses seem to support the previous typo-logy-based assumptions about the presence of at least two morphological variants within the sample that differ mainly in the cranial index. The Principal component analysis results reveal that the crania from particular nauses cluster closely to each other, which is consistent with the hypothesis of these nauses possibly being family burials.
How people perceive their role in the natural environment. The Primorye paradox
Authors: Pozanenko A.A.
Published: September 2022

In the North, Siberia and the Far East, most villagers live in close connection with nature, primarily through using renewable natural resources. However, there is hardly any coverage in literature as to how people position themselves in relation to the surrounding nature. Even when the issue is raised, it addresses only indigenous peoples, and not all local inhabitants without reference to ethnicity. People living in different types of localities tend to have dissimilar perceptions of their role in the natural environment. For urban residents, we propose dis-tinguishing four main self-perception types: outsider (stays away from nature), visitor (e.g., holidaymakers, athletes, and tourists), user (e.g., anglers and gatherers of wild plants), and protector (various eco-activists). Residents of small towns and densely populated rural areas tend to perceive themselves mainly as users. Where the population density is low and natural resources are vital for sustenance, the basic perceptions are master and son. Masters believe they have exclusive rights to use the surrounding natural resources and claim to be doing it responsibly. Perceiving oneself as a son is mostly common for indigenous peoples; their discourse about respect for nature stems not only from a rational, but also sacred attitude. Field research on the east coast of Primorye revealed a self-perception untypical for villagers. Many locals call themselves thieves of natural resources. This means the subjective perception, and not objective differences in practices (doing the same thing, a person in the Russian North can consider himself a master, in Altai — a son, and in Primorye — a thief). We propose three reasons for this “Primorye paradox”. 1) Weak rootedness of the local population, spurring its turnover, which, in turn, makes it difficult to integrate into the natural landscape. 2) Saturation of the surroundings with outsiders, preventing to perceive the territory as “one's own”. The main outsiders are seasonal fishing crews from elsewhere; the Chinese; and crews of North Korean fishing vessels, whom the border guards treat more loyally than the local fishermen. 3) Constant pressure from the supervisory authorities. Primorye has a high concentration of hunting, plant, and aquatic biological resources. Business based on procuring natural resources is profitable, but according to the State, it is mostly illegal. If one can remain unnoticed in the taiga, on the water such chances are next to none. The situation is aggravated by a variety of specially regulated territories (federal and regional protected areas, maritime frontier regime, hunting grounds with different status), which expands the range of supervisory authorities.
A coloristic image of the modern northern city (the example of Norilsk)
Authors: Sakharova A.S.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, mutual influence of the color and image of the city in the perception of the residents is studied with the example of the city of Norilsk located 300 km north of the Arctic Circle. The chronological span is limited to the present moment, however, part of the study concerns the period since the foundation of the city (1935). The aim of the study is to determine how the coloristics supports the image of the city in the minds of its residents. Concerning the methods, the study was divided into several blocks. In the first part (the actual palette of the city), the method of categorization of color carriers and method of generalization of color shades were used. In the sec-ond part (hypotheses about the contours of group images), the content-analysis of the social networks and media was used. In the third part (hypotheses testing), the methods of questionnaires and quota sampling were em-ployed. In the fourth block, in-depth interviews with Photo-Voice were conducted. As a result, it was found that coloristics is closely interconnected with the image of the territory. In particular, the use of bright colors in the ar-chitecture of the 1950s in Leninsky Prospect accurately identifies the historical events associated with the builders of the city (political prisoners of GULAG). The architecture of other historical periods is less contemptable, thus the events are not integrated into group images. Therefore, the city is associated with the talent and resilience of the prisoners and supports a sense of self-continuity of the exiled intellectuals among the inhabitants. The life in the city is still thought of through the categories of ‘heroism’, whereas all subsequent events are perceived as imposed (industrial exploitation of resources, type-design practice in building). Therefore, when the residents con-trapose the beauty of Leninsky Prospekt to the rest of the city, actually, the talent, intelligence, and respect to the nature are opposed to the degradation of the territory. The presence of the blue-colored buildings and symbolism of the city-forming company reinforces the image of Norilsk as a center of metallurgy, since the production is pre-sent in the city in the form of symbols. The image of Norilsk as an isolated city is enhanced by the difference in color between the back yard and street facades. The city is perceived by the residents as a decoration, its prob-lems are not interesting to external observers. The perception of the city as a larger category of the Far North is reflected in the coloristic image of the city.