bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF DISCOURSE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BLAME IN CONFLICT SITUATIONS: THE CASE OF KENYA’S INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS
Authors: Ndiritu Nelson
Published: July 2020

The use of violence as means of addressing differences between groups and individuals is common. The world has witnessed wars and small scale violence resulting from disagreements.  Violence however leaves behind trails of destruction and pain in its wake. It also generally perceived as a sign of failure of the power of the intellect to address issues. It is therefore regarded as a primitive method which is employed as a  last resort.

Parties that have been involved in violence may therefore find need to explain the reasons for their involvement and often tend to lay blame for the violence elsewhere. This paper investigates the discursive resources employed in the management of blame in conflict situations taking the case of the Kenyan Internally Displaced Persons.

The paper employs Discursive Psychology one of the approaches to discourse analysis to investigate the management of the blame arising from the violence that followed Kenya’s 2007 elections. The paper draws from a research carried out by the author among 24 Internally Displaced Persons in Kenya’s 2007/2008 post-election violence. The research sample comprised an equal number of male and female respondents who were from the different communities involved in the violence.The data was collected by means of in-depth interviews.
QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF CONCENTRATED YOGURT (LABNEH) OF GOATS’ MILK FORMULATED WITH WHEY PROTEIN POWDER DURING STORAGE
Authors: Elssadig Limia S. , Elgasim Elgasim A. , Babiker Elfadil E.
Published: July 2020

Background: Whey is a by-product and a good source of milk proteins, lactose, some minerals such as calcium, and soluble vitamins, which make such a by-product, be considered as a source of valuable nutrients and act as a functional food. This study was carried out to investigate the quality attributes of concentrated yogurt (Labneh) made of goats’ milk and different concentrations of whey protein powder (WPP).

Methods: Three different formulations were made by mixing goat milk with different concentrations of WPP (0, 5, and 10%) and stored for different periods (0, 10, and 21 days) at 4±1oC. Standard methods were applied to determine the Physico-chemical, microbiological, and sensory parameters of Labneh.

Results: The addition of WPP caused an increase in yield, chemical composition especially protein content and total solids (TS) with the minor effect of the storage periods. The microbial load of labneh decreases with an increase in WPP concentration except for lactic acid bacteria but significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased with the storage periods. The addition of WPP to goat milk improved organoleptic quality scores.

Conclusion: The production of Labneh with both goats’ and WPP showed that this mixture is an interesting opportunity to have a product rich in nutrients and considered satisfactory by consumers
SELF-EFFICACY BELIEFS AMONG SCHOOL MATHEMATICS TEACHERS OF NEPAL
Authors: Adhikari Krishna Prasad
Published: July 2020

Self-efficacy belief of the teacher is widely accepted construct in the professional development of the teacher. In this context, I as a mathematics teacher interested to study the efficacy beliefs of mathematics teachers in Nepal, which is a major contributing factor for teaching mathematics effectively. In this research, I, specifically, focused on exploring the self-efficacy beliefs of mathematics teachers in three aspects: student engagement, instructional strategy, and classroom management and to analyze the different contributing factors in the development of efficacy beliefs by using explanatory sequential mixed-method research. I chose 214 mathematics teachers randomly from Kathmandu district for a survey and 15 mathematics teachers from 214 mathematics teachers who participated in survey purposively for interviews. Adjusted Teacher’s Self-Efficacy Scale containing 15-items were used for survey and semi-structured interview schedule for interview. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were used to analyze the self-efficacy beliefs of teachers and inductive approached used for the data obtained from interview. At last, I integrated both quantitative and qualitative results to deduce the findings and conclusion of the study. The result shows that teachers have good efficacy beliefs in teaching mathematics. Teachers have better efficacy beliefs in instructional strategy than in the other two. Experienced teachers have significantly higher self-efficacy beliefs than novices. Despite the huge investment of government in the teachers of public school, institutional school’s teachers have better self-efficacy beliefs in teaching mathematics. Teaching experience, teacher’s engagement in professional activities, mathematical and pedagogical content knowledge, and working environment of the school are major contributing factors in the development of the self-efficacy beliefs in mathematics teachers. There are so many factors in the development of self-efficacy of mathematics besides professional training, so stakeholders should focus on other aspects as well.
Aproveitar propriedades para construir vias de comunicação: o caso das fazendas Bebedouro (Brasil) e A Luisiana (Colômbia), 1870-1900
Authors: Carreño Tarazona Clara Inés
Published: July 2020

Este artigo procura analisar através da comparação as estratégias (vínculos políticos e redes sociais) empregadas pelos fazendeiros e proprietários no Brasil e na Colômbia, assim como a utilização da fazenda como suporte e os capitais fornecidos pela semeadura de produtos agrícolas para garantir o aproveitamento em vias de comunicação. Três temas apresentam-se importantes para a presente análise. Primeiro, a consolidação das fazendas com a criação de associações e laços entre família e parceiros a partir de alianças e cooperação. Segundo, a organização de mercados locais e redes comerciais suportadas pelas fazendas com o fim de ingressar nos mercados regionais. Terceiro, a posse sobre a fazenda deixa ver o fortalecimento econômico dos grupos, como condição para promover e obter benefício sobre as vias de comunicação. As fontes usadas são principalmente livros notariais, escrituras, inventários, doações e divisões de fazendas.
Financeirização e novos espaços de acumulação: um estudo das transformações da Hering após 1960
Authors: Jurgenfeld Vanessa Follmann
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo discute as transformações da empresa Hering, desde sua origem até a primeira década dos anos 2000. Dentro deste período, ressalta-se o pós-1960, quando a crise no capitalismo mundial se evidencia, embora suas repercussões no Brasil sejam sentidas mais tardiamente, nos anos 1980, com grande impacto no setor têxtil nacional especialmente nos anos 1990. É neste período que há a abertura econômica, em meio a uma política econômica neoliberal. A partir de um estudo de caso, este artigo, discutirá, portanto, importantes mudanças do capitalismo mundial em anos mais recentes, no que diz respeito à financeirização e a busca de novos espaços de acumulação por uma grande corporação como a Hering.

ABSTRACT: This article discusses the transformations of Hering, since its origins until the first decade of 2000’s. During this period, it’s very important to analyze the post-1960, when a world crisis breaks out, even though its effects in Brazil only had occurred during the 1980’s, with enormous impact in the textile industry in the 1990’s. During this decade, there was the opening of the Brazilian economy, conducted by a neoliberal agenda. Studying a special case, this article debates the most important changes in the world capitalism in recent years particularly related to financialization and the searching of new spaces for accumulation by a great corporation like Hering.
Breve historia de la Fábrica Uruguaya de Neumáticos S.A. en el Uruguay (1935-1974)
Authors: Sabini Giannecchini Sebastián
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo es un avance de tesis de posgrado en Historia Económica y Social,  busca desde una perspectiva neo-institucionalista, analizar el caso de la empresa FUNSA, procesadora de productos del caucho y goma en el periodo 1935-1974, que domina el mercado del Uruguay en ese periodo. La fundación con capitales nacionales, su desarrollo explosivo y diversificación productiva  basada en la protección legislativa y estancamiento y repunte, sirven de caso emblemático de la industria local y representa en forma sintética el camino seguido por ella.
A trajetória do socialismo na Iugoslávia (1945-1990)
Authors: Gomes Luiz Henrique Marques
Published: July 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma investigação histórica sobre a economia da Iugoslávia durante o período entre 1945 e 1990. Neste ínterim, o país estudado reivindicou o socialismo como sistema social. Por conta disso, o enfoque da análise estará nas principais características e na evolução histórica do socialismo iugoslavo. O método empregado para tal é a prospecção histórica com base nos dados e na literatura acerca do tema. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o socialismo de mercado iugoslavo não foi capaz de superar o processo de burocratização da economia verificada nos demais países socialistas. Para atingir seu objetivo, este trabalho divide-se em seções, as quais estão organizadas de acordo com os temas mais relevantes para a compreensão do desenvolvimento iugoslavo.
Imperialismo e questão nacional em Nelson Werneck Sodré
Authors: Vieira Carlos Alberto Cordovano , De Campos Fabio Antonio
Published: July 2020

Entre o processo de Independência e da revolução brasileira (1822-1964), o presente trabalho propõe discutir a questão nacional na obra de Nelson Werneck Sodré a partir de sua investigação em torno dos momentos cruciais da formação histórica do Brasil. Para Sodré, a questão nacional nasce da consciência coletiva de parte da população, que assim vai se forjando como “povo”, na luta contra as condições sociais deletérias impostas pela dominação imperialista. Como hipótese, propomos que tais marcos e seu tratamento pela obra de Sodré só podem ser devidamente compreendidos no quadro geral da crise do capitalismo em sua fase imperialista, desencadeada desde a Primeira Guerra Mundial e da Revolução Russa, tendo como uma de suas expressões as lutas de libertação nacional.
Apresentação
Authors: Aidar Bruno
Published: July 2020

Apresentação HE&HE v. 22, n. 1 (2019)
A controvérsia estruturalista-monetarista e a interpretação de Ignácio Rangel em “A Inflação Brasileira”
Authors: Pereira Hugo Carcanholo Iasco , Roncaglia de Carvalho André
Published: July 2020

A inflação das economias latino-americanas da década de 1950 fora explicada por duas vertentes teóricas; a monetarista e a estruturalista. Uma explicação alternativa à esta controvérsia é a de Ignácio Rangel no livro A Inflação brasileira de 1963. Utilizando categorias marxistas e keynesianas, tal contribuição não é largamente difundida na historiografia do pensamento econômico brasileiro.  O objetivo deste texto é resgatar a interpretação rangeliana sobre a inflação brasileira frente às contribuições dominantes à época. Especificamente, procurou-se introduzir a crítica rangeliana às visões monetarista e estruturalista, tal como discutir a teoria original desenvolvida por Ignácio Rangel para explicar a inflação brasileira.
“Transportando fortunas para povoar deserta e inculta campanha”: brasileiros e produção pecuária no norte do Uruguai em meados do Século XIX
Authors: Menegat Carla
Published: July 2020

Em 1850 o governo Imperial brasileiro, através de suas autoridades militares na fronteira da Província do Rio Grande do Sul com o Estado Oriental do Uruguai, listou 1353 propriedades pertencentes a brasileiros no país vizinho. À produção dessa lista, se seguiu a intervenção militar conhecida como Campanha contra Oribe e Rosas, que levaria ao fim da Guerra Grande no Uruguai em 1851 e à assinatura de uma série de cinco tratados entre os dois países que privilegiariam os pecuaristas brasileiros estabelecidos na campanha norte oriental. Observando essa lista como parte de uma relação entre produtores de gado brasileiros residentes no Uruguai, autoridades daquele país e do Império, o objetivo da pesquisa a ser apresentada foi discutir o impacto da presença desses pecuaristas no país vizinho, em termos da constituição de redes de comércio e produção.
Territorios rurales funcionales: una aplicación para el análisis de la pobreza rural en México
Authors: Vargas-Espíndola Zadya , Muñoz-Rodríguez Manrrubio , Santoyo-Cortés Horacio , Aguilar-Gallegos Norman
Published: July 2020

El estudio de la pobreza rural nos remite en un primer nivel de análisis a la definición de los territorios rurales. Distintas propuestas han sido utilizadas para este propósito, desde los enfoques dicotómicos hasta los multidimensionales, de los cuales se desprenden los criterios funcionales. En este documento se desarrolla una propuesta para la clasificación de los municipios rurales de México, utilizando como criterio funcional el grado de accesibilidad a carretera pavimentada, el cual permite la desagregación de los territorios rurales en las categorías de accesibilidad alta, media y baja y ofrece un marco para el análisis y comprensión de la pobreza rural. Los resultados sugieren que lo rural no es sinónimo de pobreza y aportan elementos que deberían considerarse en el diseño de políticas públicas.
Introducción al número especial “nuevas movilidades entre España y América Latina: retorno versus arraigo y vuelta a la emigración”
Authors: Capote Lama Alberto , Del Valle Ramos Carolina
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de este texto es contextualizar y presentar un pequeño monográfico sobre estudios recientes que abordan las relaciones migratorias entre España y Latinoamérica en un doble sentido: latinoamericanos que emigran a España y, a la inversa, españoles que emigran a Latinoamérica. El contexto histórico es la pasada década, con el trasfondo de la crisis económica que se inició en 2008. Se ha realizado un breve repaso de los datos que muestra la Estadística sobre Migraciones del Instituto Nacional de Estadística con respecto a la evolución de los flujos migratorios durante el periodo 2008-2019, que sirve de base como presentación de cada uno de los artículos seleccionados. Dichos trabajos abordan la evolución de los flujos migratorios entre Latinoamérica y España, investigaciones acerca de los procesos de arraigo y la emigración de españoles a Latinoamérica.
Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the ‘Sense of Coherence Scale’ in Schoolchildren
Authors: Menegazzo Gabriele Rissotto , Knorst Jessica Klöckner , Ortiz Fernanda Ruffo , Tomazoni Fernanda , Ardenghi Thiago Machado
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Sense of Coherence scale (SOC-13) in schoolchildren. This is a cross-sectional study that included eight to fourteen years-old schoolchildren. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for SOC-13 measurement presented questionable results (0.63) and the Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient of 0.70 was statistically significant between different time points (p<0.01). Regarding the construct validity, significant values were observed between the SOC-13 components scores and the overall scale score. In the Confirmatory Factorial Analysis, the latent variable was related, through the standard factorial loads, to the other items of the questionnaire. We can conclude that the Brazilian version of SOC-13 showed adequate psychometric properties in a school-age population.
Sintomatología asociada a trastornos de Salud Mental en trabajadores sanitarios en Paraguay: efecto COVID-19
Authors: Samaniego Antonio , Urzúa Alfonso , Buenahora Marcelo , Vera-Villarroel Pablo
Published: July 2020

La enfermedad por COVID-19 no solo ha provocado un colapso del sistema sanitario y la muerte de miles de personas, sino que está repercutiendo en la salud de las personas que están brindando atención a los infectados.  En este marco, el objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar prevalencias de depresión, ansiedad, insomnio, distrés y fatiga por compasión, así como factores relacionados a la presencia de sintomatología asociada a estos trastornos en profesionales de los equipos de salud. Para esto, se encuestó en formato online a 126 profesionales sanitarios del Paraguay, de los cuales el 83% son mujeres, con una edad promedio en la muestra total de 32 años. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios PHQ-9 para depresión, GAD-7 para ansiedad, ISI-7 para insomnio, IES-R para distrés y el módulo de fatiga por compasión del ProQOL – CSF-vIV. Se encuentra que los porcentajes de participantes que reportaron síntomas clasificables como moderados y severos fueron de un 32.2% para depresión, 41.3% en ansiedad, 27.8% en insomnio, 38.9% en distrés y un 64.3% en fatiga por compasión. Adicionalmente las mujeres y los de menor edad presentaron un riesgo mayor de presentar síntomas. Los datos aportan evidencia a la necesidad de establecer estrategias de prevención o intervención para abordar los problemas de salud mental en los profesionales de la salud.
La psicología en América Latina: entre la búsqueda de identidad y el esfuerzo por reconocimiento global
Authors: Pérez-Acosta Andrés M. , Consoli Andrés J.
Published: July 2020

Reseña del libro:
Ardila, R. (Ed.) (2018). Psychology in Latin America: Current status, challenges and perspectives. Cham, Suiza: Springer Nature.
Consideración de las consecuencias futuras: propiedades psicométricas, distribución geográfica y asociación con el consumo de sustancias en una muestra representativa de Montevideo, Uruguay
Authors: Alvarez-Nuñez Lucía Stephanie , Selma Hugo , Vásquez-Echeverría Alejandro
Published: July 2020

La escala de Consideración de las Consecuencias Futuras (CCF) evalúa el grado que las personas son influenciadas por las consecuencias inmediatas o distantes de sus comportamientos. En una muestra representativa de Montevideo, este estudio procuró explorar sus propiedades psicométricas, establecer sus baremos poblacionales, explorar su distribución territorial y evaluar las asociaciones de la CCF con el consumo de sustancias psico-activas. En este estudio, la solución de dos factores provee mejor ajuste, con adecuada confiabilidad. Las CCF presentan diferencias significativas según edad y sexo por lo que se ofrecen baremos específicos. Asimismo, encontramos evidencia mixta sobre su distribución territorial y un efecto pequeño sobre el consumo de algunas sustancias psicoactivas. Se discuten los resultados en función del rol de la CCF para explicar el comportamiento con consecuencias intertemporales.
Community Resilience Scale: Analysis of Psychometric Aspects and Relationships with Criminal Victimization in Mexican University Students
Authors: Ruiz-Perez Jose Ignacio , Chan-Gamboa Elsy Claudia , Morales-Quintero Luz Anyela , Reyes-Sosa Hiram
Published: July 2020

The aim of the study was to determine the psychometric of the Community Resilience Scale (CRS, Ruiz, 2015) in two non-random samples (total n=2500) of university students from three Mexican cities. Method: The study was divided into 2 samples. Study 1 is a psychometric approach to determine the internal and factorial reliability of the Community Resilience Scale (CRS) in a sample of n=1007 Mexican university students. In Study 2, the sample was comprised of 1525 Mexican students from the same cities and institutions as those in sample 1.   Results: In the first sample high internal reliability was found in the scale (statistic?), with three items being excluded. A factor solution comprising three dimensions was found: coping, humor and creativity, and collective-self-esteem, with suitable adjustment indices, replicated in a confirmatory analysis with the second sample. Moreover, it was found that a) the more victimization events, the lower the levels of community resilience, and b) the greater the collective humor, the lower the inclination to change place of residence and work. Conclusions: Results are discussed in relation to previous studies with the CRS and the impact of violence on the social fabric.
La cooperación inolvidable de Aimé Bonpland y Alexander von Humboldt
Authors: Holl Frank
Published: July 2020

El artículo analiza el papel de Aimé Bonpland durante su expedición americana con Alexander von Humboldt (1799 a 1804). Este papel fue mucho más importante de lo que se suponía, así como también el trabajo posterior de Bonpland en América Latina. Bonpland realizó allí valiosas investigaciones botánicas, zoológicas y geológicas. Sobre todo, prestó excelentes servicios a la agricultura de la zona con nuevos métodos de cultivo y cría, especialmente en el cultivo de la yerba mate. En sus últimos años Bonpland inició un proyecto para transferir plantas útiles para la agricultura de Argentina a la entonces colonia francesa de Argelia. De 1855 hasta su muerte (a los 85 años) en 1858, Bonpland trabajó como primer director para el museo de ciencias naturales en Corrientes. Es uno de los museos más antiguos de Argentina y el primero en ser institucionalizado en el interior del país. Bonpland describió todo esto en una detallada correspondencia con Alexander von Humboldt. El artículo también analiza los tres informes contradictorios del médico y escritor de viajes alemán Robert Avé-Lallemant, quien visitó a Bonpland en Santa Ana poco antes de su muerte. Al hacerlo, dibujó un cuadro negativo del investigador que aún hoy influye en la historiografía. Se necesita urgentemente una corrección.
Emotional Intelligence Spiritual Intelligence and Academic Performance in first year and final year medical students
Authors: Munawar Iqra
Published: July 2020

The
current study was conducted to check the relationship between emotional
intelligence, spiritual intelligence and academic performance in first year and
final year medical students from the same college was assessed for relationship
due to engagement in medical profession. The sample was consisted of (N=200), male (n=100), female (n=100)
from Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Sample age range was
18 to 26 years. Sample from both classes was inducted with odd-even
randomization oblique roll numbers. Following tests were administered
Demographic sheet (for academic performance) Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte,Malouff & Bhullar, 2009)
and Spiritual Intelligence Self-report
Inventory (King, 2008) to find out the spiritual intelligence, and
academic performance among both the groups to check relationship because of
education level difference impact and supposed relationship between the
variables. Data were analyzed through SPSS. The results showed significant
difference between the groups on EI, SI and relationship with AP. No gender
differences were reported in AP, however, found in EI and SI. Results also
showed that first year students have higher levels of EI, SI and influence on
AP. Regression analysis showed that EI was positive predictor of AP whereas SI
has the insignificant relationship with the academic performance. This research
can be helpful for teachers, doctors and for the researchers to enhance the EI
and SI in medical students.
FORTALEZAS DE CARÁCTER Y TOMA DE DECISIONES EN ESTUDIANTES AVANZADOS DE PSICOLOGÍA
Authors: Galiz Daniela , Hernández Ogladí , Urdaneta Grecia , García - Álvarez Diego
Published: July 2020

La presente investigación se dirigió a determinar la relación entre Fortalezas del Carácter y Toma de Decisiones en los estudiantes de Psicología. Metodológicamente, se ajusta a una investigación no experimental transaccional, descriptiva y correlacional, con una muestra de 100 estudiantes de Psicología del octavo al décimo semestre, con edades comprendidas entre 19 a 28 años; se emplearon como instrumentos de recolección de datos escalas autoadministrables con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas. Los resultados indican que las 5 fortalezas del carácter más presentes son: capacidad de amar y ser amado, amor por el aprendizaje, gratitud, mente abierta y espiritualidad; mientras que el proceso de toma de decisiones es promedio; y se encontraron relaciones significativas entre la toma de decisiones y todas las fortalezas del carácter, exceptuando entusiasmo, inteligencia social, liderazgo y trabajo en equipo; siendo las fortalezas de autorregulación, espiritualidad, apreciación de la belleza y excelencia, mente abierta e integridad las que tienen mayor correlación, lo cual conduce a la relación positiva entre las variables estudiadas.
ISDN: International Standard Database Number (white paper)
Authors: Lobo Matheus Pereira
Published: July 2020

We propose a new numeric identifier, dubbed International Standard Database Number (ISDN) to devise a new ecosystem of scientific publications, based on databases and curated by specialists.
A Conspicuous Art: Putting Gettier to the Test
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

Professional philosophers say it’s obvious that a Gettier subject does not know. But experimental philosophers and psychologists have argued that laypeople and non-Westerners view Gettier subjects very differently, based on experiments where laypeople tend to ascribe knowledge to Gettier subjects. I argue that when effectively probed, laypeople and non-Westerners unambiguously agree that Gettier subjects do not know.
Evaluation of the Health Education and Literacy Program (HELP) to Community Residents
Authors: Amparado Mauro Allan Padua , Ocariza Rose Delia P.
Published: July 2020

The study evaluated the impact of the health education and literacy program (HELP) to community beneficiaries. Findings served as bases for an enhanced annual plan for 2019 to 2020. This descriptive study was conducted in Village Looc and Village Opao, Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines to evaluate the health education and literacy program (HELP) to its beneficiaries which was implemented from June 2018 to May 2019. A total of 85 mothers were surveyed utilizing a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of a profile section and an evaluation of health topics which were provided as lectures to community residents. The respondents were satisfied with the twelve health education topics taught to them for the entire year. Among the twelve topics, the top six topics with the highest means were prostate cancer, breast cancer, skin diseases, dengue fever, Diabetes Mellitus, and Asthma. Residents were also satisfied with the other six health education topics. These were smoking-related diseases, HIV/AIDS, oral hygiene, Tuberculosis, stress, and conjunctivitis. Although the residents were satisfied, there is still room for improvement.Based on the findings of the study, the residents were satisfied with the health education and literacy program. However, there is a need to re-teach the concepts and institute strategies that will facilitate the residents to reach high satisfaction on the program.Keywords: Satisfaction; Impact; Health Education; Literacy; Mandaue City, Cebu, Philippines
Prognosis of COVID-19 in pregnancy: Protocol for an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Vergara-Merino Laura , Pérez-Bracchiglione Javier , Meza Nicolás , Couve Constanza , Carrasco Cynthia , Ortiz-Muñoz Luis E. , Rada Gabriel
Published: July 2020

Objective: We aim to map and summarise the current evidence about COVID-19 prognosis in pregnant women.Design: This is the protocol of an overview of systematic reviews.Data sources: We will conduct comprehensive searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), grey literature, and L·OVE (Living OVerview of Evidence). L·OVE is a platform that maps PICO evidence questions from Epistemonikos database. In response to the COVID-19 emergency, L·OVE was adapted to expand its COVID-19 repository evidence as a way to gather it in one place. The search will cover the period until the day before submission to a journal.Eligibility criteria for selecting studies and methods: We adapted an already published common protocol for multiple parallel systematic reviews and overviews of systematic reviews to the specificities of this question. We will include all systematic reviews about COVID-19 in pregnant women.Two reviewers will independently screen each study for eligibility, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. Ethics and dissemination: No ethics approval is considered necessary. The results of this overview will be widely disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, social networks and traditional media.
Ernest Sosa
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

A lexicographical entry on "Ernest Sosa".
Majas Simile Dalam Novel Azab Dan Sengsara Karya Merari Siregar
Authors: Lafamane Felta
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to identify the use of simile by Merari Siregar in novel’s Azab dan Sengsara. This research is a qualitative research. The data is collected using the listening method used to obtain data by listening to the use of language. The data were analyzed descriptively and The data were analyzed based on the Kridalaksana word class manifestation theory and stylistic theory by Keraf. The type of data is written data, that is simile style language in the novel’s Azab dan Sengsara by Merari Siregar.The results showed that the embodiment of simile to Merari Siregar in novel’s Azab dan Sengsara have five, namely (1) embodiment of simile in the noun class with nouns; (2) embodiment of simile in the noun class with adjectives; (3) embodiment of simile in the adjectives class with verb; (4) embodiment of simile in the verb class with verb; (5) embodiment of simile in the verb class with nouns. While, simile markers to Merari Siregar in novel’s Azab dan Sengsara, namely sebagai, ibarat, seperti, tak ubahnya, laksana, dan seolah-olah.Keywords: simile, novels, azab dan sengsara
You Gotta Believe
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

Proper assertion requires belief. In support of this thesis, I provide an explanatory argument from linguistic patterns surrounding assertion and show how to handle cases of "selfless" assertion.
Linguistic Intuitions in Context: a Defense of Nonskeptical Pure Invariantism
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

Epistemic invariantism is the view that the truth conditions of knowledge ascriptions don’t vary across contexts. Epistemic purism is the view that purely practical factors can’t directly affect the strength of your epistemic position. The combination of purism and invariantism, pure invariantism, is the received view in contemporary epistemology. It has lately been criticized by contextualists, who deny invariantism, and impurists, who deny purism. A central charge against pure invariantism is that it poorly accommodates linguistic intuitions about certain cases. In this paper I develop a new response to this charge. I propose that pure invariantists can explain the relevant linguistic intuitions on the grounds that they track the propriety of indirect speech acts, in particular indirect requests and denials. [Note: this paper was written in 2010-11.]
Thomas Reid
Authors: Turri John
Published: July 2020

A brief introduction to Thomas Reid's philosophy on language.
Strong Kerr nonlinearity in BiOBr 2D materials for applications to nonlinear integrated photonic devices
Authors: Moss David
Published: July 2020

As a new group of advanced 2D layered materials, bismuth oxyhalides, i.e., BiOX (X = Cl, Br, I), have recently become of great interest. In this work, we characterize the third-order optical nonlinearities of BiOBr, an important member of the BiOX family.
Adult age differences in evoked emotional responses to dynamic facial expressions
Authors: Abiodun Sade J , Salerno Joanna , McAllister Galen , Samanez-Larkin Gregory Russell , Seaman Kendra Leigh
Published: July 2020

Objective: Facial expressions are powerful social signals that motivate feelings and action in the observer. Research on face processing has overwhelmingly used static facial images, which are limited in their ecological validity. Previous research on the age-related positivity effect and age differences in social motivation suggest that older adults might experience different evoked emotional responses to facial expressions than younger adults. Here we were explored age-related differences in evoked responses to dynamic facial expressions across adulthood. Method: We used dynamic facial expressions which varied by expression type (happy, sad, angry) and expression level (low, medium, full) to gather participant ratings on their evoked emotional response to these stimuli along the dimensions of valence (positive vs. negative) and arousal. Results: As predicted, older adults rated the emotions evoked by positive facial expressions (happy) more positively than younger adults. Further, older adults rated the emotion evoked by negative facial expressions (angry and sad) more negatively than younger adults. Contrary to our predictions, older adults did not differ significantly in arousal to negative expressions compared to younger adults. Across all ages, individuals rated positive expressions as more arousing than negative expressions. Discussion: The findings provide some evidence that older adults may be more sensitive to variations in dynamic facial expressions than younger adults, particularly in terms of their estimates of valence. These dynamic facial stimuli that vary in magnitude are promising for future studies of more naturalistic affect elicitation, studies of social incentive processing, and use in incentive-driven choice tasks.
Extracting summary statistics of rapid numerical sequences
Authors: Rosenbaum David Mitrani , Glickman Moshe , Usher Marius
Published: July 2020

We examine the ability of observers to extract summary statistics (such as the mean and the relative-variance) from rapid numerical sequences (two digit numbers presented at a rate of 4/sec). In four experiments, we find that the participants show a remarkable ability to extract such summary statistics and that their precision in the estimation of the sequence-mean improves with the sequence-length (subject to individual differences). Using model selection for individual participants we find that, when they only estimate the sequence average, most participants rely on a holistic process of frequency based estimation and there is a minority who rely on a rule-based and capacity limited mid-range strategy. When both the sequence-average and the relative variance is estimated about half of the participants rely on these two strategies. Importantly, the holistic strategy appears more efficient in terms of its precision. We discuss implications for the domains of two pathways numerical processes and decision-making.
Sensitivity to geometric shape regularity in humans and baboons: A putative signature of human singularity
Authors: Sablé-Meyer Mathias , Fagot Joel , Caparos Serge , van Kerkoerle Timo , Amalric Marie , Dehaene Stanislas
Published: July 2020

Among primates, humans are special in their ability to create and manipulate highly elaborate structures of language, mathematics or music. Here, we show that this sensitivity to abstract structure is already present in a much simpler domain: the visual perception of regular geometric shapes such as squares, rectangles or parallelograms. We asked human subjects to detect an intruder shape among six quadrilaterals. Although the intruder was always defined by an identical amount of displacement of a single vertex, the results revealed a geometric regularity effect: detection was considerably easier when either the base shape or the intruder was a regular figure comprising right angles, parallelism or symmetry, than a more irregular shape. This effect was replicated in several tasks and in all human populations tested, including uneducated Himba adults and French preschoolers. Baboons, however, showed no such geometric regularity effect, even after extensive training. Baboon behavior was captured by convolutional neural networks (CNNs), but neither CNNs nor a variational auto-encoder captured the human geometric regularity effect. However, a symbolic model, based on exact properties of Euclidean geometry, closely fitted human behavior. Our results indicate that the human propensity for symbolic abstraction permeates even elementary shape perception. They suggest a new putative signature of human singularity, and provide a novel challenge for non-symbolic models of human shape perception.
Covid-19 et communication de crise. Focus linguistique sur les tweets francophones de Belgique
Authors: Cougnon Louise-Amélie , de Viron Louis
Published: July 2020

The Covid-19 health crisis of 2020 strongly affected the international community. Especially during the lockdown period, social media were widely used for information and emotion sharing. This article aims to keep a material trace of these crisis communication trends. To reach this aim, we applied quantitative and qualitative methods on a corpus of 100,000 tweets we collected in the French-speaking part of Belgium. The corpus is divided into three sub-groups: citizens, politicians and the media. We first present the corpus collection and the methodology we followed. We also look at the lexical creativity that resulted from the crisis and the lockdown situation. We then propose a semantic approach of the themes that emerged from the crisis tweets and which highlight citizens’ concerns. Finally, we depict the personalities related to the crisis, by focusing on their communication and on the image they portray to the public.
Soziale Netzwerke Langzeitarbeitsloser und die Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit
Authors: Krug Gerhard , Wolf Christof , Trappmann Mark
Published: July 2020

(English below)Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob die sozialen Netzwerke von Arbeitslosen deren Chancen zur Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit positiv beeinflussen. Ausgehend von in der aktuellen Literatur diskutierten Wirkmechanismen werden mehrere Hypothesen zu unterschiedlichen Aspekten des Netzwerks aufgestellt. Es wird angenommen, dass Arbeitslose umso eher in Arbeit kommen, je größer der Umfang ihrer (starken und schwachen) sozialen Beziehungen ist, je mehr Kontakt zu Erwerbstätigen sie haben und je mehr Ressourcen ihr Netzwerk enthält. Auf Basis des Panels „Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung“ mit dem Schwerpunktmodul zu sozialem Kapital werden diese Hypothesen anhand einer Fixed-Effects Panelregression getestet. Wird für alle zeitkonstanten so-wie für einschlägige zeitvariante Variablen kontrolliert, erweisen sich schwache Beziehungen, gemessen als aktive Mitgliedschaften in freiwilligen Vereinigungen, sowie der Umfang nicht unmittelbar auf die Stellensuche bezogener sozialer Ressourcen als bedeutsam für die Arbeitsmarktchancen. Der Beitrag endet mit einer Diskussion dieser Befunde. This paper examines whether the social networks of unemployed people have a positive impact on their re-employment chances. Hypotheses are derived from the literature, concerning different aspects of the network. We hypothesize that the more (strong and weak) social ties, the more em-ployed friends the unemployed have and the more resources there are in their network, the higher their chances for re-employment. We use data from the Panel Study “Labour Market and Social Security” (Panel “Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung”), where comprehensive information on the unemployed persons’ networks is available. We use fixed-effects regression to control for observed time-variant and unobserved time-invariant confounders. We find weak ties in the form of active memberships in voluntary organisations as well as network resources that are not directly related to job search to be significantly related to re-employment. The implications of this finding are discussed.
Local Government Tasks in Managing Migrations in the Czech Republic
and Poland
Authors: Princ Marcin , Kryska David
Published: July 2020

Difficult problems that cannot be easily solved, the so-called wicked problems, remain one of the biggest challenges for both Poland and the Czech Republic. They concern both the state authorities and the local self-government. The analysis shows that in both countries, the tasks of local government units, in particular communes, do not focus on foreigners’ issues as a separate matter. Despite similar experiences, migration situations, and legal regulations, there are slight differences in both countries with respect to the understanding of who is a member of a local government community, and thus for whom public tasks can be performed. The challenge for both countries is to adjust their legal regulations to focus more on foreigners, primarily in areas such as integration, culture, health care, and education. It is also postulated to create the possibility of participation by foreigners in decisions taken by governmental authorities (e.g., in the scope of granting international protection). Undoubtedly, the thesis that solving the “wicked problems” category can only be advanced with the participation and joint responsibility of the local self-government is still very relevant, which was pointed out in the article in several areas. The research results lead to the proposal to recognise a foreigner as a member of the local government immediately after obtaining residence, regardless of the length of stay. The clue is to clearly identify the concentration of life interests and genuine connection, which is determined in this respect.
Differential Impacts during COVID-19 in Canada: A Look at Diverse Individuals and Their Businesses
Authors: Mo Guangying , Cukier Wendy , Atputharajah Akalya , Boase Miki Itano , Hon Henrique
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is affecting all segments of society. This study investigates the pandemic’s economic and social impacts on diverse groups in Canada, including women, immigrants, Indigenous peoples, persons with disabilities, and racialized people. Using two large online Statistics Canada surveys, which are neither random nor weighted to represent the Canadian population, we consider quantitative differences in the pandemic challenges and concerns reported by women and men, immigrants and those born in Canada, and intersectional groups, both as individuals and as the businesses they own or represent. Within the samples, individuals from diverse groups and their businesses are more negatively affected by COVID-19.
Public Practice Opportunities for Veterinary Students to Enhance Veterinary Public Health Education
Authors: Sander William E. , Miller Gay Y.
Published: July 2020

Veterinarians have a long history of contributing to animal and human health; simultaneously, the veterinary medical profession has held the tenet of protecting public health. Veterinary education has shifted with societal needs over time and currently has curricula at US colleges of veterinary medicine (CVMs) largely focused on clinical practice and basic sciences. The focus of many veterinary curricula produces a veterinarian who meets the needs of the US pet owner. A void often exists in the knowledge and understanding of new veterinary graduates in the field of public practice and, in particular, public health. Students need to be able to find other learning environments and opportunities that help bridge this void. This article captures possible opportunities as best practices. Advising US veterinary students interested in public health and public health policy while considering these opportunities will help to enhance the likely experiences students have during their formal veterinary education. While no list of opportunities can be inclusive of all possibilities, the experiences listed here provide a solid foundation of options for students to include in the individualized aspects of their veterinary education.
Anodizing and its effects on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of laser additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Chandramohan Palanisamy , Raghu Raman , Ravisankar Balasubramanian
Published: July 2020

Ti-6Al-4V components were developed in different orientations (horizontal and vertical) using an additive manufacturing technique called direct metal laser sintering and heat treated under three different procedures. Anodizing (18- 22 V) the vertically built heat treated-2 specimen yields an optimum combination of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance tested in an acidic environment. The anodized (18- 22 V) heat treated-1 specimen built in horizontal orientation performed better in terms of combined mechanical properties and corrosion resistance tested in ringer solution.
Küchelbecker’s Lyceum-era Dictionary. A reading list of a young intellectual in the 1810s
Authors: Abdullaev E. V.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses W. Küchelbecker’s Dictionary [Slovar] that he compiled during his studies at the Tsarskoe Selo Lyceum as a kind of reading diary from 1815 to 1817. Dictionary gives an insight into formative influences on the future writer as well as his close friends from among fellow students – most notably Pushkin, who is known to have read the manuscript. It contains extracts from books of fiction as well as philosophical and historical works and periodicals read by Küchelbecker at the time. Among others, Dictionary mentions Pseudo-Longinus, J.-J. Rousseau, F. de Weiss, F. Schiller, L. Sterne, etc., listing the extracts in alphabetical order. Most translations from German, French, and English are penned by Küchelbecker himself. A fi st such experiment in the systematic analysis of this relic of the 1810s intellectual culture, the article reconstructs the reading list of Küchelbecker and his fellow students at the Lyceum. Approximately one sixth of Dictionary, covering the entries from A to G, is published in the appendix to the article, supplied with notes on the sources and their brief description.
Heine-esque. Timur Kibirov
Authors: Zuseva-Ozkan V. B.
Published: July 2020

Amongst the commonly recognized qualities of Timur Kibirov’s poetry is  its extensive usage of quotations, occasionally resulting in a cento. While his scholars have been limiting their search to the references to Russian poetry, this article explores Kibirov’s reception of the work and personality of Heinrich Heine in an attempt to prove that the latter influenced Kibirov greatly at the start of his career, as described in Kibirov’s autobiographic Crones, Deceased [Pokoynye starukhi], an epic poem in prose. The author points out indirect evidence of Kibirov’s enthusiastic reading of Heine (quotations, allusions, etc.), analyzes Kibirov’s poems directly referencing Heine’s work (‘Heine’ [‘Geyne’], ‘From Heine’ [‘Iz Geyne’]), and describes the principal similarities between the two poets’ poetics and philosophy, also noting their differences. Zuseva-Ozkan argues that Heine dominates Kibirov’s output, but if in the 1980s-1990s this ‘obsession’ with Heine’s spirit manifested itself mostly in reminiscences and allusions, the early 2000s saw a more vivid introspection, later turning into Kibirov’s self-identifi ation with the German poet.
The artistic space of Y. Trifonov’s The House on the Embankment [Dom na naberezhnoy]
Authors: Shelukhina O. N.
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes artistic space as a key level of the poetics of Y. Trifonov’s The House on the Embankment [Dom na naberezhnoy]. The research uses various methods and points out two spatial strata: the level of characters (existential-phenomenological aspect) and that of the author, the demiurge (semiotic and structural-typological methods). In the artistic space of The House on the Embankment, incorporating the personal environments of the book’s characters, topoi and loci assume symbolic meaning. A character’s existence in a particular space and their ability or inability to cross its boundary are pre-determined by the author and perform a characterological function. The article focuses in detail on the protagonist, Glebov. His traversal of spaces is only seemingly related to the crossing of boundaries. He forever remains within the same social space, only shifting between its poles; driven by false social values (success, power, and material wealth), he postpones real life over and over again.