bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Studi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Guru SMK dalam Rangka Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan
Authors: Suwandi Suwandi
Published: February 2017

The objective of this study was to describe a model of a professional teacher management system in the era of regional autonomy to improve the quality of education in Indonesia generally, in the levels of central government, provinces, and districts in accordance with the respective roles and responsibilities. This study is categorised into a policy study. This study involved 510 teachers, 293 headmasters or vice headmasters, and 32 heads of the education departments in the level of provinces or districts. This study was conducted using survey method. This study revealed (1) the problems related to the recruitment of teachers were resulted from three reasons namely: the incompatibility of teachers qualifications with the qualifications of applicants, the formation do not meet the needs and the teachers’ mutation process are not based on the teacher qualifications, (2) most of the teachers are not able to conduct scientific activities, specifically to write scientific papers, (3) the  career path system cannot cover the expectations, (4) the forum of professional competence development is highly influential in the teachers' professional development, (5) the teachers competence assessment are dominated by the headmasters and (6) the supervision who had been conducted is already qualified. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeksripsikan model sistem pengelolaan guru profesional di era otonomi daerah untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia  secara umum, di tingkat pusat, propinsi, maupun kabupaten atau kota sesuai dengan peran dan wewenang masingmasing. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kebijakan. Studi ini dilakukan terhadap sampel sebanyak 510 orang guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, 293 orang kepala sekolah atau  wakil kepala sekolah, dan 32 orang kepala dinas pendidikan Propinsi, Kabupaten atau Kota. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode survei. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan pengadaan guru Sekolah Menegah Kejuruan bersumber pada tiga hal yaitu ketidaksesuaian kualifikasi guru dengan kualifikasi pelamar, formasi tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan, dan mutasi guru SMK yang tidak didasarkan pada kualifikasi guru, (2) belum seluruh guru Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan dapat melakukan kegiatan ilmiah terutama menulis karya ilmiah, (3) sistem jenjang karir yang selama ini berjalan kurang memenuhi harapan, (4) forum peningkatan kompetensi professional sangat tinggi pengaruhnya pada pengembangan profesi guru, (5) praktik penilaian kompetensi guru selama ini didominasi oleh kepala sekolah, dan (6) supervisor yang selama ini berlangsung sudah memenuhi syarat.
Evaluasi Program Praktik Kerja Lapangan Jurusan Tata Boga Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan
Authors: Mahfud Tuatul
Published: February 2017

The objective of this study is to evaluate the implementation of on the job training program in the Department of Cookery of Balikpapan State Polytechnic in terms of its relevance with the practical courses, the role of the program to improve the students' skills and the job descriptions of the program. This study is descriptive quantitative. The subjects of this study were 37 students of the Department of Cookery, Balikpapan State Polytechnic. The data collection techniques used questionnaires, interviews and documentations. The data analysis method used descriptive statistics. The results of the study revealed most of the students agree that the practical courses are relevant with the needs of the job training program with the mean scores of 4.2, the program improves the students’ skills with the mean scores of 4.3, the specific works assigned are related to their field of study with the mean scores of 4.1 and most of the students are responsible for preparing guests’ order with the mean scores of 4,0. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan program Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) di Jurusan Tata Boga Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan yang meliputi relevansi mata kuliah praktik dengan program PKL, peranan program PKL dalam peningkatan kompetensi mahasiswa, dan deskripsi kerja pada program PKL. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Seluruh subjek (responden) penelitian ini menjadi sampel penelitian. Subjek penelitian tersebut yaitu mahasiswa semester VI Jurusan Tata Boga Politeknik Negeri Balikpapan berjumlah 37 mahasiswa. Metode pengumpulan data dengan cara penilaian angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan yaitu analisa deskriptif statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata mahasiswa setuju (4,2) bahwa muatan mata kuliah praktik relevan dengan kebutuhan program PKL. Program PKL membantu dalam meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa dengan nilai rata-rata 4,3. Rata-rata mahasiswa diberikan jenis pekerjaan yang sesuai dengan bidang di tempat kerja dengan nilai rata-rata 4,1. Dan mahasiswa diberikan kepercayaan lebih dalam membuat pesanan tamu dengan nilai rata-rata  4,0.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JOBSHEET-BASED STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Permana Kadek Dodi , Sunarya I Made Gede , Santyadiputra Gede Saindra
Published: February 2017

This study aims to improve the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) learning outcomes of the students in SMA N 2 Singaraja through the learning model of Job sheet-based Student Team Achievement Division (STAD). This is a classroom action research. The data analysis reveals that learning outcomes in cycle I gain a mean score of 80. 51 and a classical provisions of 15%. There are three students who pass with a minimum score of 85 in cycle I. From these categories, the students’ learning outcomes in the first cycle have not met the criterion of 85%. The mean score of cycle II is 88. 57 and the classical provisions is 90%. In the second cycle, there are 18 students who gain a minimum score of 85. Based on the success criterion, a research study is successful if the minimum completeness criterion reaches 85 and the minimum classical completeness criterion reaches 85%. From the categories, the students’ learning outcomes have been successfully improved since the percentage of classical completeness in the second cycle has reached its expected results.
Влияние температуры и легирования Cu на спектры отражения кристаллов PbSb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Немов С.А. , Улашкевич Ю.В.
Published: March 2017

Для анизотропного монокристалла PbSb2Te4 исследовано влияние температуры и легирования медью на его спектр отражения R(nu) от плоскости скола, перпендикулярной тригональной оси C3. Установлено, что спектр имеет сложную структуру, характеризующуюся резким подъемом отражения в дальней инфракрасной (ИК) области и двумя минимумами в средней ИК области. Показано, что выявленные особенности спектров отражения могут быть количественно описаны в рамках теории Друде-Лоренца с диэлектрической функцией, учитывающей вклады плазменных колебаний дырок и двух оптических колебаний кристаллической решетки с различной частотой. Сделанные из оптических данных оценки статической проводимости хорошо согласуются с результатами электрических измерений электропроводности на постоянном токе. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.03.44202.8382
Размерные и температурные зависимости ширины запрещенной зоны квантовых точек селенида кадмия во фторофосфатных стеклах
Authors: Липатова Ж.О. , Колобкова E.B. , Бабкина A.H. , Никоноров H.B.
Published: March 2017

Исследованы температурные и размерные зависимости изменения ширины запрещенной зоны квантовых точек CdSe с диаметрами 2.4, 4.0 и 5.2 нм во фторофосфатных стеклах. Показано, что для квантовых точек температурный коэффициент смещения ширины запрещенной зоны dEg/dT отличается от значения для объемного полупроводника и строго зависит от размера наночастиц. Показано, что каждый энергетический переход квантовых точек обладает своим значением температурного коэффициента энергии dE/dT. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.03.44204.8330
Свойства пленок ZnO : Er-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=-, полученных золь-гель методом
Authors: Малютина-Бронская В.В. , Семченко А.В. , Сидский В.В. , Федоров В.Е.
Published: March 2017

В процессе выполнения данной работы на поверхностях монокристаллического кремния и стекла синтезированы золь-гель методом поликристаллические и однофазные пленки ZnO : Al : Er3+, на основе различных типов растворителей. Из анализа электрофизических измерений (вольт-амперные и вольт-фарадные характеристики) следует, что пленки ZnO : Al : Er3+ обладают фоточувствительными свойствами. Введение ионов редкоземельного металла Er3+ в пленки оксида цинка проявляется в появлении фоточувствительности вольт-амперных и вольт-фарадных характеристик на излучение в видимом и инфракрасном диапазонах длин волн. Полученные результаты данной работы показывают, что пленки ZnO : Al : Er3+, синтезированные золь-гель методом, могут быть использованы в оптоэлектронных приборах и, в частности, для создания активных слоев солнечных элементов. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.03.44217.8300
Отделение эпитаксиальных гетероструктур III-N/SiC от подложки Si и их перенос на подложки других типов
Authors: Кукушкин С.А. , Осипов А.В. , Редьков А.В.
Published: March 2017

Разработан метод отделения и переноса эпитаксиальных гетероструктур GaN/AlN и AlN, выращенных на кремнии с буферным слоем карбида кремния, на подложки любых типов, основанный на химическом травлении. Гетероструктуры GaN/AlN/SiC толщиной 2.5 мкм и AlN/SiC толщиной 18 мкм отделены и перенесены на стеклянную подложку. Показано, что буферный слой карбида кремния на кремнии, выращенный методом замещения атомов, имеет развитую подповерхностную структуру, которая позволяет легко отделить пленку от подложки и способствует релаксации упругой энергии, вызванной различием в коэффициентах теплового расширения пленки и подложки. Показано, что после отделения плeнки от подложки кремния механические напряжения в плeнке практически полностью релаксировали. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.03.44218.8368
Влияние плотности энергии на мишени на свойства пленок SnO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- : Sb при использовании скоростного сепаратора частиц
Authors: Паршина Л.С. , Храмова О.Д. , Новодворский О.А. , Лотин А.А. , Петухов И.А. , Путилин Ф.Н. , Щербачев К.Д.
Published: March 2017

Методом импульсного лазерного осаждения со скоростной сепарацией частиц на подложках кварцевого стекла без последующего отжига получены тонкие пленки SnO2 : Sb при различных условиях осаждения в диапазоне плотности энергии на мишени от 3.4 до 6.8 Дж/см2. Исследованы их оптические, структурные и электрические свойства. Установлено, что плотность энергии на мишени влияет на проводимость и пропускание пленок SnO2 : Sb. Определены оптимальные условия получения пленок бескапельным методом импульсного лазерного осаждения. Минимум удельного сопротивления 1.2·10-3 Ом·см наблюдался при плотности энергии на мишени 4.6 Дж/см2, температуре подложки 300oC и давлении кислорода в вакуумной камере в процессе осаждения 20 мТорр. DOI: 10.21883/FTP.2017.03.44220.8387
Особенности кристаллической структуры и магнитных свойств наночастиц Al-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- по данным ЯМР -=SUP=-27-=/SUP=-Аl
Authors: Михалев К.Н. , Гермов А.Ю. , Ермаков А.Е. , Уймин М.А. , Бузлуков А.Л. , Саматов О.М.
Published: March 2017

Измерена намагниченность при комнатной температуре, получены спектры ЯМР 27Аl в серии наночастиц Al2O3 c разным размером частицы. Полевая зависимость намагниченности свидетельствует о наличии у небольшой части образца дальнего ферромагнитного порядка при комнатной температуре, однако относительный объем этого вклада очень мал (меньше 1%) и, вероятно, это связано с примесной фазой. В спектрах ЯМР отсутствует линия от металлического алюминия, наличие которого в этих нанооксидах ранее предполагалось в поверхностном слое наночастиц по данным других методик. Получены данные о фазовом составе и зарядовом распределении в различных фазах наночастиц Al2O3. Изменение среднего размера частиц (в ~3 раза) лишь незначительно изменяет их фазовый состав. Работа выполнена в рамках государственной программы, тема "Спин" N 01201463330 с финансовой поддержкой по проектам РФФИ N 16-02-00416 и 14-02-00032. Измерения намагниченности выполнены в рамках темы "Магнит" N 01201463228. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44160.309
Спиновое состояние ионов Co-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- в EuBaCo-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-5.5-delta-=/SUB=- в парамагнитной области температур
Authors: Арбузова Т.И. , Наумов С.В. , Телегин С.В.
Published: March 2017

Приводятся результаты магнитных исследований образцов EuBaCo2O5.50, EuBaCo1.93O5.40, EuBaCo1.9O5.36. Слоистые кобальтиты EuBaCo2-xO5.5-delta в температурной области 200<T<650 K показывают ферримагнитное упорядочение. При уменьшении числа связей Co3+-O-Co3+ ферромагнитная температура Кюри TC практически не изменяется. Вклады ферро- и антиферромагнитных взаимодействий близки и определяют соотношение TC>TN или TC<TN. Выше TC антиферромагнитный порядок сохраняется в образце EuBaCo1.90O5.36. В EuBaCo2-xO5.5-delta при повышении температуры в пирамидах сохраняется IS состояние, а в октоузлах происходят постепенные переходы LS->IS->HS. Увеличение эффективного магнитного момента mueff при T>580 K в EuBaCo1.90O5.36 указывает на переход ионов Co3+ в HS состояние при более низких температурах по сравнению со стехиометрическим составом EuBaCo2O5.5, чему способствуют структурные искажения и увеличение объема элементарной ячейки. Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФАНО России (тема "Спин", N 01201463330) при частичной поддержке РФФИ (проект N 14-02-00432). DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44162.314
Конкуренция зонного и прыжкового механизмов переноса носителей заряда в тонких пленках Ge : Mn
Authors: Дмитриев А.И. , Буравов Л.И.
Published: March 2017

Исследованы закономерности дырочного транспорта в его взаимосвязи с перколяционным магнетизмом, обусловленным локализованными носителями заряда, одновременно участвующими в формировании магнитных и электрических свойств тонких пленок Ge : Mn. Установлено, что при температурах T>22 K в образцах Ge : Mn (2 at.% Mn) происходит безактивационный зонный перенос носителей заряда. При низких температурах имеет место прыжковый механизм с переменной длиной прыжка. Работа поддержана грантом Президента РФ МК-5754.2016.3. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44163.317
Инфракрасные спектры диффузного отражения микропорошков Ni-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Zn-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=--ферритов
Authors: Алиева Ш.Н. , Керимова А.М. , Абдуллаев Р.Б. , Мехтиев Т.Р.
Published: March 2017

Представлены результаты экспериментальных исследований спектров диффузного отражения в инфракрасном диапазоне от 4000 до 50 cm-1) микропорошков Ni1-xZnxFe2O4-ферритов с различным содержанием Ni и Zn. Установлена зависимость интенсивности ИК-спектров этих ферритов от изменения концентраций катионов Fe2+ и Fe3+ в разных составах ферритов. Исследованы особенности изменения спектров отражения в зависимости от составов ферритов, и дана предположительная интерпретация наблюдаемых спектральных структур. Pабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке Фонда развития науки при Президенте Азербайджанской республики. Грант N EIF02013-9(15)-46/05/1. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44164.468
Магнитные и магнитоэлектрические свойства ферробората Tb-=SUB=-0.75-=/SUB=-Ho-=SUB=-0.25-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-(BO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Волков Н.В. , Еремин Е.В. , Темеров В.Л. , Гудим И.А.
Published: March 2017

Групповым методом из раствора-расплава на основе тримолибдата висмута выращены монокристаллы ферробората Tb0.75Ho0.25Fe3(BO3)4. Исследованы его магнитные и магнитоэлектрические свойства в диапазоне температур 4.2-300 K и в магнитных полях до 9 Т. В магнитном отношении он является антиферромагнетиком с TN=38.8 K и анизотропией типа легкая ось. Величина магнитоэлектрической поляризации оказалась больше в 1.5-2 раза, чем сумма величин поляризации, индуцированной магнитным полем, для ферроборатов TbFe3(BO3)4 и HoFe3(BO3)4, взятых с соответствующими долями. Работа выполнена при поддержке РФФИ (грант N 15-42-04186\_р\_сибирь\_а), а также в рамках государственного задания Министерства образования и науки РФ Сибирскому федеральному университету на выполнение НИР в 2014 г. (задание N 3.2534.2014/K). DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44165.325
Температурные зависимости параметров начального расщепления Gd-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- в CaMoO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- (решеточный и спин-фононный вклады)
Authors: Горлов А.Д.
Published: March 2017

При температурах T=1.8, 4.2, 99-300 K изучены спектры ЭПР Gd3+ в монокристаллах CaMoO4. Определены зависимости параметров спинового гамильтониана bnm(T) (n=2, 4, m=0, 4) и проведен их анализ. Выделены температурные вклады статической решетки b2(L), b4m(L) в величины bnm(T). Для этого рассчитано изменение b2(L), b4m(L) с учетом температурных сдвигов ближайших к Gd3+ ионов кислорода в CaMoO4. Разности bnm(F) =bnm - bnm(L) отнесены к спин-фононному вкладу. Анализ результатов показал, что b20(F) и b4m(F) положительны, а зависимость b20(F) от T хорошо описывается при помощи модели локальных колебаний (G. Pfister). Однако температурное поведение b4m(F) невозможно было описать в рамках известных моделей спин-фононного взаимодействия. Работа выполнена в рамках госзадания Минобрнауки РФ (код проекта 2457) на оборудовании Центра коллективного пользования "Современные нанотехнологии" УрФУ. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44170.157
Рассеяние света пористыми ориентированными пленками из полипропилена
Authors: Зинчик A.A. , Курындин И.С. , Eльяшевич Г.K.
Published: March 2017

Методом рассеяния лазерного излучения исследованы ориентированные пористые пленки из полипропилена с ламелярной кристаллической структурой. Установлена зависимость параметров картины рассеяния от степени ориентации пленки. Показано, что размеры центрального максимума картины рассеяния линейно зависят от степени растяжения пленок. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при разработке методов оптического неразрушающего контроля полимерных материалов. Работа выполнена при поддержке РФФИ (проект N 16-03-00265-а). DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44171.266
Серебряные структуры на пороге перколяции, полученные с помощью лазерного отжига
Authors: Гладских И.А. , Полищук В.А. , Вартанян Т.А.
Published: March 2017

Экспериментально исследованы электрические, оптические и структурные свойства серебряных наноструктур на пороге перколяции, полученные из проводящей пленки с помощью лазерной обработки. Обнаружено, что при подаче на пленку порогового напряжения резко изменяется ее сопротивление. При высоких напряжениях наблюдается участок с отрицательным дифференциальным сопротивлением. Данные изменения проводимости под действием приложенного напряжения объясняются малыми структурными изменениями пленки. Работа выполнена в рамках грантов РФФИ (16-32-60028 мол\_а\_дк, 16-32-00165 мол\_а) и Госзадания N 2014/190. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44174.252
Времяпролетная нейтронография нанокристаллических порошков нестехиометрического карбида ниобия NbC-=SUB=-0.77-=/SUB=-
Authors: Курлов А.С. , Гусев А.И. , Кузнецов В.С. , Бобриков И.А. , Балагуров А.М. , Ремпель А.А.
Published: March 2017

Методом дифракции нейтронов изучена эволюция микроструктуры порошков нестехиометрического карбида ниобия NbC0.77, подвергнутых высокоэнергетическому размолу. Установлено, что полученные размолом нанокристаллические порошки имеют микронеоднородное строение и в них можно четко идентифицировать две фракции, отличающиеся размером частиц. Одна фракция имеет размер частиц менее 60 nm, размер частиц второй фракции более 250 nm. Оценены средний размер областей когерентного рассеяния и величина микронапряжений в нанокристаллитах, учитывающая анизотропию деформационных искажений. DOI: 10.21883/FTT.2017.03.44175.320
Изменение механизма проводимости в кристаллах на основе ZrO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- в зависимости от концентрации стабилизирующей примеси Y-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Борик М.А. , Бредихин С.И. , Бублик В.Т. , Кулебякин А.В. , Курицына И.Е. , Ломонова Е.Е. , Милович Ф.О. , Мызина В.А. , Осико В.В. , Серяков С.В. , Табачкова Н.Ю.
Published: March 2017

Рассмотрена взаимосвязь структуры, фазового состава и транспортных характеристик твердых электролитов на основе ZrO2 в зависимости от концентрации стабилизирующей примеси Y2O3. Показано, что границы двойников не приводят к появлению дополнительного механизма ускорения ионной проводимости в кристаллах ZrO2-Y2O3. Максимальной проводимостью обладают кристаллы ZrO2-(8-10) mol.% Y2O3, содержащие t''-фазу, в которой атомы кислорода смещены из положений высокой симметрии, характерной для кубической фазы. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.06.44400.16372
Экспериментальное исследование ручейкового течения легкокипящей жидкости в мини-канале под действием потока газа
Authors: Чеверда В.В. , Кабов О.А.
Published: March 2017

Экспериментально исследовались разновидности режимов течения и построена карта 11 разновидностей режимов при течении ручейка диэлектрической легкокипящей жидкости в мини-канале под действием потока газа. Экспериментально установлено, что прямолинейное течение ручейка жидкости наблюдается в ограниченном диапазоне расходов жидкости, газа. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.06.44401.16472
Alergenisitas Sistem Glikasi Isolat Protein Kedelai-Fruktooligosakarida (Allergenicity Properties of Soy Protein Isolate-Fructooligosaccaride Glycation Systems)
Authors: Suseno Rahayu , Palupi Nurheni Sri , Prangdimurti Endang
Published: February 2017

Food allergy is an immunological response caused by allergens contained in food. Soybean is one of the eight kinds of food products that can cause allergies. Genetically modified food crops that are most widely produced worldwide is soybean (47 % worldwide). Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) products is concerned may increase the allergenicity of the  product. The aims of the research were to study the allergenicity of GMO and non-GMO Soy Protein Isolates (SPI) and the glycation effect to allergenicity of SPI. GMO and non-GMO SPI were glycated with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) through the Maillard reaction in liquid systems. Allergenicity was determined qualitatively using immunoblotting and quantitatively using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The glycation degree of GMO and non-GMO SPI can increase up to 75.03 % and 73.50 % in the liquid system. There were 9 protein allergens in GMO soybean and 8 protein allergens in non-GMO soybean. The glycation reaction could reduce protein allergens in GMO and non-GMO SPI up to 91.69 % and 87.07 %.ABSTRAKAlergi pangan merupakan sebuah respon imunologis yang disebabkan oleh alergen yang terdapat pada pangan. Kacang kedelai merupakan satu dari delapan jenis bahan pangan yang sering menyebabkan alergi. Tanaman pangan hasil rekayasa genetika (GMO) yang banyak diproduksi di dunia adalah kacang kedelai yaitu sekitar 47 %. Produk GMO dikhawatirkan dapat meningkatkan alergenisitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tinggat alergenisitas antara Isolat Protein Kedelai (IPK) GMO dan non-GMO serta pengaruh glikasi terhadap alergenisitas IPK. IPK GMO dan non-GMO diglikasi dengan fruktooligosakarida melalui reaksi Maillard dengan sistem cair. Alergenisitas diukur secara kualitatif menggunakan immunobloting dan secara kuantitatif menggunakan Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Peningkatan derajat glikasi IPK GMO dan non-GMO pada sistem cair masing-masing memperlihatkan hasil 75,03 % dan 73,50 %. Terdapat 9 protein alergen pada kacang kedelai GMO dan 8 protein alergen pada kacang kedelai non-GMO. Reaksi glikasi dapat mengurangi alergen pada kacang kedelai GMO dan non-GMO hingga 91,69% dan 87,07%.
The Phenolic Compound from Kalanchoe blossfeldiana (Crassulaceae) Leaf and Its Antiplasmodial Activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7
Authors: Yun Yenny Febriani , Hermanto Faizal , Aisyah Lilis Siti , Saputra Tri Reksa , Hakim Arif Rahman , Ningsih Ade Kania , Herlina Tati , Julaeha Euis , Zainuddin Achmad , Supratman Unang
Published: March 2017

Various species of Kalanchoe plants have been widely used as raw materials in traditional medicines. This study was the continuation of the researches on secondary metabolites from Indonesia Kalanchoe plants, focused on Kalanchoe blossfeldiana. Fresh K. blossfeldiana leaf was extracted with methanol at room temperature to obtain the concentrated extract. The concentrated methanol extract was dissolved in water and then partitioned successively with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate extracts were tested using antiplasmodial assay against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7. The IC50 of methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate extract were 13.002; 2.807, and 11 nM, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract was separated by the combination of chromatography on silica and ODS. This process produced the yellow solid. The chemical structure of the compound was determined based on UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR analyses and the comparison of data obtained from the literature and identified as phenolic compound, namely 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone or quercetin (1), and displayed antiplasmodial activity with IC50 3.97x10-2 nM.
Preparation of CaTiO3 Asymmetric Membranes Using Polyetherimide as Binder Polymer
Authors: Setyaningsih Endang Purwanti , Machfudzoh Maya , Utomo Wahyu Prasetyo , Fansuri Hamzah
Published: March 2017

Asymmetric dense and thin membranes have been prepared from powders of perovskite oxide-type CaTiO3 without cracking by phase inversion method. Polyetherimide was used as a polymeric binder in the method. The resulting green membranes, composed of CaTiO3 powder and polyetherimide binder, were sintered at 890, 1100 or 1200 °C. The crystal phase of CaTiO3 was analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD pattern of the synthesized CaTiO3 powder was matched with the reference indicating the formation of CaTiO3 structure. Sintering at 890 °C fails to form a strong membrane. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of the membranes showed that the membrane had the asymmetric structure with dense layer on one side and porous layer on the other side. The pores in the porous layer were both finger-like and sponge-like structure. The mechanical strength of the membranes, which were determined by Vickers micro hardness method, varied from 3.5 to 25.8 Hv. The strongest membrane without any crack was resulted from sintering at 1200°C with hardness values between 19.4 and 25.8 Hv. Thermal expansion coefficients of the asymmetric membranes sintered at 1100 and 1200 °C, measured with Thermomechanical Analyzer (TMA), were 10.82 × 10-6 and 12.78 × 10-6.C-1 respectively.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Tanudirjo Daud Aris
Published: March 2017

Kalimat bijak yang dituturkan oleh Sang Jiwa Besar Mohandas Gandhi di atas menegaskan bahwa keselarasan atau harmoni adalah inti dari kebahagiaan. Sesungguhnya kesadaran seperti itu bersifat universal. Jika ditelusuri, di hampir setiap kebudayaan selalu ada ungkapan yang mengakui harmoni sebagai keadaan ideal yang hendaknya dicapai. Orang Sioux, pribumi Amerika, menyebutkan “Untuk menyentuh bumi kita harus berselaras dengan alam”. Karena itu, sejak lahir mereka berusaha untuk hidup selaras dengan lingkungannya. Di dunia modern, penelitian psikologi juga membuktikan bahwa kelompok beranggotakan pribadi-pribadi yang mampu membangun harmoni menunjukkan kinerja yang jauh lebih baik. Setiap anggota diuntungkan dan menguntungkan kelompok itu (Lun dan Bond, 2006). Bahkan, penulis buku The Seven Spiritual Laws of Superheroes (2011), Deepak Chopra menyebutkan salah satu faktor pembentuk seseorang menjadi superhero adalah kemampuannya mencapai harmoni dengan dirinya sendiri dan dunia.
BOOK REVIEW. ORAL TRADITION OF PATU MBOJO
Authors: Widiastini Ni Made Ary
Published: March 2017

This book explains in details an oral tradition of a society in West Nusa Tenggara. The oral tradition belongs to the culture of Bima ethnic society. This book is a Ph.D. dissertation, which was written by the late Ahmad Badrun from the Faculty of Cultural and Knowledge, Universitas Indonesia. This book is worth reading by academicians (both university students and lecturers), especially for those who are doing their research on oral tradition. This book follows the Ph. D dissertation format and consists of nine chapters as follows: (1) Chapter I is the Introduction, (2) Chapter II is the Theoretical Framework, (3) Chapter III is the Research Method, and (4) Chapters IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII are he result and discussion which are adjusted to the formulated problems or questions and have already been mentioned in Chapter I, (5) Chapter IX is the Conclusion. Therefore, this book can be used as an example for writing and doing any kind of research.
South-East Asian Fortified Stone Walls: Angkor Thom (Cambodia), Ho Citadel (Vietnam) and Ratu Boko (Indonesia)
Authors: Garcia Víctor Lluís Pérez
Published: March 2017

This article aims to analyze three significant examples of defensive walls from South-East Asia made of solid stone blocks (both rock as well as stone-like laterite) and provided with different but equivalent functions –a fortified imperial capital-city (Angkor Thom, in Cambodia), a fortified royal citadel (Ho Citadel, in the North of Vietnam) and a royal palace with a partly fortified appearance (Ratu Boko, in Java Island, Indonesia)–, focusing on their constructive and technical characteristics and establishing parallels between them and their closest counterparts, from China and India. We will see how their design and structure can be closely related to the fortifications of neighbouring empires, as places of origin of their strong cultural influences and, at the same time, we will try to identify the local particularities. We will pay special attention to the form of the fortified enceintes, considering the long tradition of the quadrangular plan in the walls of royal capitals, inspired in the ideal model of Chinese and Indian cities. Our research also make us think that the walls of Ratu Boko, despite their functions as symbolic limits or for retaining the soil, could also have had a defensive purpose, no matter if secondary, or at least they could be used to provide protection to the complex in case of external menace.
The Strategies in Dealing with Political Conflict in Syria: Study of Khalid Khalifah’s La Sakakin Fi Mathabikhi Hadzihil-Madinah
Authors: Budiman Arief
Published: March 2017

Novel La Sakakin fi Mathabikhi hadzihil-Madinah (LSMHM) is considered to have an intense ideological and political nuance for its narration on conflict. It is worth reading this novel to observe the measures chosen by the characters in dealing with existing conflict and its impacts. Sociological approach to literature is applied to reveal the strategy. The reading reveals that the characters in this novel have various strategies in dealing with conflict and related problems. Contending, yielding, problem solving, withdrawing, and inaction are the possible strategies. However, none of the characters choose yielding or problem solving. The existing preferences seem to be the writer’s outlook on that conflict. The conflict itself has been inflicting refuge, social manipulation, excision, and harassment.
A UPLC-MS/MS METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF POMALIDOMIDE FROM HUMAN PLASMA
Authors: Vasanth D. Atul , Rajkamal B.
Published: March 2017

Objective: The present work aimed to develop a simple, rapid, specific and precise liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrophotometric (LC–MS/MS) validated method for quantification of pomalidomide and internal standard (ISTD) Fluconazole in human plasma.Methods: 50 µl of 0.1% formic acid was added to plasma samples prior to liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) using 2.5 ml of ethyl acetate. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Xterra, RP18, 5 µ (50 x 4.6 mm) column using a mixture of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water to methanol at a ratio of 12:88, v/v as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.50 ml/min. The LC eluent was split, and approximately 0.1 ml/min was introduced into Tandem mass spectrometer using turbo Ion Spray interface at 325 °C. Quantitation was performed by transitions of m/z 260.1 precursor ion to the m/z 148.8 for pomalidomide and m/z 307.1/238.0 for fluconazole.Results: The concentrations of nine working standards showed linearity between 9.998 to 1009.650 ng/ml (r2 ≥ 0.9968). Chromatographic separation was achieved within 2 min. The average extraction recoveries of three quality control concentrations were 53.86% for pomalidomide and were within the acceptance limits. The coefficient of variation was ≤15% for intra-and inter-batch assays. The %CV of ruggedness ranges 1.32 to 4.03. The % stability of short term and long term stock solution stability studies was found to be 99.01% and 98.49% respectively.Conclusion: The results obtained for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, ruggedness and stability studies were within limits. Thus the validated economical method was applied for pharmacokinetic studies of pomalidomide.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITES OF COW DUNG EXTRACTS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS
Authors: Rajeswari S. , Poongothai E. , Hemalatha N.
Published: March 2017

Objective: For control of microbial infections and diseases, various synthetic drugs and chemical formulations are currently in use. But due to the problem of microbial drug resistance, new alternative synthetic drugs have been explored. Similarly, antimicrobial activities of so many natural products have also been explored.Methods: In this various study extracts of cow dung possessed antimicrobial property against human pathogens like Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli.Results: The Indian cow dung extracted possessed superior antimicrobial activity than other cow dung types and showed antimicrobial property against all the test microorganisms. Since cow dung and buffalo dung are abundant in nature, which make the process cost effective with processing ease and thus are a promising solution for a variety of health problems in the near future.Conclusion: The medicinal properties of these cow dung and buffalo dung can be exploited to formulate drugs for several diseases caused by antibiotic resistant pathogenic microorganisms.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ANTHOCEPLALUS CADAMBA AND SCIRPUS KYSOOR ROXB. AGAINST FOOD PATHOGENS
Authors: Datar Hemangi , Datar Ajit
Published: March 2017

Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ripened and unripened fruits of Anthocephalus cadamba and Scirpus kysoor Roxb. tuber against food pathogens.Methods: Different solvent extracts of Anthocephalus cadamba fruits and Scirpus kysoor Roxb. tubers were screened for its antimicrobial activity against Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial cultures by agar well diffusion method as well as by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). MIC was carried out by broth microdilution method.Results: All the plant materials exhibit antimicrobial activity. Among all plant materials, macerated ethyl acetate extract of Scirpus kysoor Roxb. tuber showed lowest MIC against Bacillus Cereus 0.312 mg/ml. In the case of ripened Anthocephalus cadamba fruits, macerated ethanol extract was found to be more potent whereas in the case of unripened Anthocephalus cadamba fruit macerated ethyl acetate extract was found to be more active on the basis of MIC.Conclusion: This study revealed that all the plant materials possess significant antimicrobial activity against food pathogens hence may be used as a source of safe herbal antimicrobial agent.
ISOLATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL PROTEIN/PEPTIDE FROM FICUS GLOMERATA LEAF
Authors: Thapliyal Manisha , Bisht Anjali , Singh Ajeet
Published: March 2017

Objective: To isolate the antibacterial proteins/peptides from Ficus glomerata leaf.Methods: Present study was designed to investigate antibacterial activity of proteins/peptides isolated from Ficus glomerata leaf. The isolated proteins/peptides were further checked for antibacterial activity against, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella entrica bacterial pathogens.Results: The results indicates that a 35kDa of protein were identified and exhibit good antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogen among all strains, Salmonella entrica and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibit good results with a clear zone of inhibition.Conclusion: Ficus glomerata is popular for its medicinal properties against therapeutic potential. In the present study a novel protein with broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Microbes cause severe damage to plants which results in a large economic loss so; this protein can be use as an active agent in agriculture for plant protection and also in the development of novel therapeutic agents.
ALLAMANDA CATHARTICA LINN.: EXTRACTION AND PHARMACEUTICAL EVALUATION OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF LEAVES AND FLOWERS
Authors: Fartyal Meenakshi
Published: March 2017

Objective: Extraction and evaluation of the antifungal activity of extracts from leaves and flowers of Allamanda cathartica (Apocynaceae) Linn.Methods: Leaves and flowers of A. cathartica were collected, dried and extracted by using well-established methods for alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and crude extracts in polar and non-polar solvents. Extracts were screened for antifungal activity using ‘Disc Diffusion Assay’ against Candida albicans (Yeast), Aspergillus flavus and Tricophyton mentagrophyte (fungi). Inhibition zone (IZ), Activity index (AI), Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and Total activity (TA) were studied. Mean and standard deviation has also been calculated.Results: C. albicans found to be the most susceptible organism while T. mentagrophyte found to be resistant. Alkaloid of leaf (IZ= 22 mm, AI= 0.65±0.02, MIC= 0.156 mg/ml, MFC= 0.078 mg/ml, TA= 278.85 ml/g) showed the best activity against C. albicans. Pet ether extract (IZ= 12 mm, AI= 0.40±0.02, MIC= 0.312 mg/ml, MFC= 0.156 mg/ml, TA= 57.24 ml/g) and water extract (IZ= 13 mm, AI= 0.43±0.02, MIC= 0.312 mg/ml, MFC= 0.156 mg/ml, TA= 49.68 ml/g) of flower also showed very good activities against C. albicans. The range of MIC and MFC found to be 1.25-0.156 mg/ml and 0.625-0.078 mg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: Results indicate the good antifungal potency of extracts against tested microorganisms. Hence, may be explored for the formation of new antifungal drugs.
EVALUATION OF CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AND ANTHELMINTIC PROPERTY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF CLITORIA TERNATEA L.
Authors: Kanthal Lakshmi Kanta , Naidu Adari Venkata Rajulu , Lakshmi Pilla Naga , Baburao Yadala , Bhar Kausik
Published: March 2017

Objective: The objective of the present work was to evaluate the phytochemical study, cytotoxic activity and anthelmintic property of the whole plant chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L.Methods: The chloroform extract was tested for protein, amino acids. alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract was performed by MTT assay method against HepG2 (Liver carcinoma), HeLa (Cervix carcinoma) cell lines. 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml concentration of chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L. whole plant were taken for performing anthelmintic activity against adult Indian earthworm Pheritima posthuma.Results: The preliminary phytochemical tests revealed that chloroform extract of Clitoria ternatea L. contains amino acids, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids. Effect of inhibition of cell growth showed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 with an IC50 of 110.00±1.9 μg/ml and against HeLa with an IC50 of 104.50±0.9μg/ml. The crude chloroform extract (25, 50, 150 mg/ml concentration) of Clitoria ternatea L. whole plant shows potent anthelmintic activity against Pheritima posthuma.Conclusion: The present study concluded that Clitoria ternatea L. can be considered as an important source of natural products that have anti-cancer potentials and potent anthelmintic activity.
DEVELOPMENT OF EXTRACTIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF IRON (III) WITH SCHIFF BASE 2-[(2-HYDROXYPHENYLIMINO) METHYL]-4-NITROPHENOL
Authors: Mandhare Datta B. , Barhate Vasant D.
Published: March 2017

Objective: A simple spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Iron (III) by using Schiff base 2-[(2-hydroxyphenylimino) methyl]-4-nitrophenol [HPIMNP].Methods: HPIMNP extracts Fe (III) quantitatively (99.95%) into chloroform from an aqueous solution of pH range 4.0-6.0.Results: The chloroform extracts show maximum absorption at 510 nm (λ max). Beer’s Law is obeyed over the Fe (III) concentration range of 0.5 to 20.0 µg/ml. The Molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity for Fe–HPIMNP system is 5000 L mol ˉ1 cmˉ1 and 0.011 µg cmˉ2respectively. The composition of extracted species is found to be 1: 3 [Fe-HPIMNP] by Job’s continuous variation and Mole-ratio method. Interference by various ions has been studied.Conclusion: The proposed method is rapid, sensitive, reproducible and accurate and it has been satisfactory applied for the determination of Iron in Pharmaceutical Samples.
STUDY OF BINDING INTERACTIONS OF HUMAN CARBONIC ANHYDRASE XII
Authors: Barua Harsh , Bhagat Nidhi , Toraskar (mrs.) M. P.
Published: March 2017

Objective: The present study was carried out to study the binding interactions of different N’-(substituted phenyl sulfonyl)-pyridine-2-carbohydrazide derivatives and N’-(substituted phenyl sulfonyl)-thiophene-2-carbohydrazide derivatives which were synthesized by senior students from research laboratory, with objective to explore the suitability of selected ligands for their binding affinity for the selected target.Methods: Binding interactions of the selected ligands were studied using glide module of Schrodinger software using Maestro 10.1 interface. At the end of molecular docking studies, docking scores along with 2D and 3D binding interactions of these ligands were studied to evaluate the potency of ligands to act as selective human carbonic anhydrase (hCAXII) inhibitors in comparison with standard inhibitor Acetazolamide (AZA).Results: Docking study on the ligands exhibited very similar conformation and binding interactions with hCAXII as that of standard. This suggests that selected ligands might possess significant binding affinity for hCAXII.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the selected ligands have the potential to act as inhibitors of hCAXII.
A REVIEW ON “DRY SYRUPS FOR PAEDIATRICS”
Authors: Bhandare P. S. , Yadav A. V
Published: March 2017

Suspensions may be defined as preparations containing finely divided drug particles (the suspensoid) distributed somewhat uniformly throughout a vehicle with or without stabilizers and other additives in which drug exhibits a minimum degree of solubility hence conventional oral suspension can be administered immediately (ready to use form) and not requiring reconstitution at the time of dispensing are simply designated as “Oral Suspension”.There is an important category of suspension that are available as dry powders intended for suspension in liquid vehicles. These are dry mixtures containing the drug and suitable suspending and dispersing agents to be diluted and agitated with a specific quantity of vehicle, most often purified water. Drugs that are instable if maintained for extended periods in the presence of aqueous vehicle (eg., many antibiotic drugs) are frequently supplied as dry powder mixtures for reconstitution at the time of dispensing. This type of preparation is designated in the USP by a title “for Oral Suspension”. The reconstituted system is the formulation of choice when the drug stability is a major concern. After reconstitution, these systems have a short but acceptable life if stored at refrigerator temperatures. Reconstitutable oral systems show the adequate chemical stability of the drug during shelf life, avoids the physical stability problems related to solubility, pH and incompatibilities with other ingredients and also reduce the weight of the final product because the aqueous vehicle is absent and consequently the transportation expenses may be reduced.Dry syrup form of the drug is also useful in case of bioavailability as it has high bioavailability rather than tablets and capsules as it disintegrates in water outside of the oral cavity and directly the suspension is gone through the gastrointestinal tract. So the suspension easily absorbs in the GIT.A number of commercial and official preparations are available as dry powder mixtures. The present review gives an account of the excipients used, methods of preparation of dry syrups along with their evaluations, their packaging, examples of research articles, few marketed preparations.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF AMOXYCILLIN TRIHYDRATE AND POTASSIUM CLAVULANATE
Authors: Masih Ashish , Tiwari Ajay Kumar
Published: March 2017

Objective: The present work is aimed to formulate fast dissolving stable tablet formulation a preferred combination of Amoxycillin trihydrate (Beta-lactum antibiotic) and Potassium clavulanate (Beta-lactum inhibitor) by using various super disintegrants.Methods: Fast dissolving tablets are prepared by direct compression method using super disintegrants i.e. sodium starch glycolate, crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium. Aspartame as a sweetener and trusil mango flavor were used to increase palatability. Reduction in the dose of Amoxycillin trihydrate and Potassium clavulanate tablet was possible by developing fast dissolving tablet. Results: The powder blends were subjected to various pre-formulation evaluations such as, tapped density, bulk density, hausner’s ratio, the angle of repose and compressibility index. The prepared Amoxycillin trihydrate and Potassium clavulanate fast dissolving tablets were evaluated for thickness, weight variation, friability, disintegration time, hardness, wetting time and in vitro drug release. All fast dissolving tablet formulations shown uniform weight, hardness and friability data indicates the good mechanical resistance of the fast dissolving tablet. Fast dissolving tablets were disintegrated between 25-50 second and in vitro disintegration time of the best fast disintegrating tablets was found to be 25 second. Conclusion: Amoxycillin trihydrate and Potassium clavulanate fast dissolving tablets were found to be of good quality fulfilling all the needs for fast dissolving tablets. The optimised (F-4) formulation had shown best disintegration time and released profile with a maximum in vitro drug release as compare to marketed preparation at all time intervals of in vitro drug release.
THE ANTI-CATARACT EFFECT OF COENZYME Q10 IN RABBITS
Authors: Hussein Baha'a A. Abdul , Mahmood Ahmed Salim
Published: March 2017

Objective: cataract is the opacity of the lens which progressively impairs the light transmission to the retina and finally prevents the vision, these opacity result from the oxidative process in the eye. The study aimed to prevent opacity of the lens by using Coenzyme Q10 as eye drops.Methods: Sodium selenite 0.01w/v injected intravitreal to the rabbit's eye to induce the disease, a group of rabbits were receive Coenzyme Q10 eye drop, and another group received distilled water, pre and post induction, cataract maturity was measured to evaluate the opacity deterioration.Results: the group of rabbits that received distilled water after induction of cataract, the opacity occurred within 48-72 h and the mean score of opacity reached to (4±0.00), while Coenzyme Q10 treated group the degree of opacity was (1.5±0.02), and there was a highly significant difference (p<0.01).Conclusion: Coenzyme q10 has an antioxidant activity when use as eye drops and this effect enable Coenzyme Q10 to prevent the opacity which is the major cause of cataract due to oxidative stress.