bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo de un Simulador de Oscilación Bioquímica Circadiana
Authors: Pérez Jessica Quintero , Monreal Marleni Reyes , Lazalde Arturo Reyes , Bonilla María Eugenia Pérez
Published: February 2021

El análisis y comprensión de los procesos fisiológicos de los seres vivos, requiere del desarrollo e interacción académica multidisciplinaria en investigación científica básica, debido a la complejidad y la diversidad biológica de los individuos. Como ejemplo, en este caso se abordan los mecanismos cronobiológicos, cíclicos y circadianos, a nivel molecular. Estos mecanismos, generalmente están basados en un sistema de oscilación periódica diaria (~24 horas), adaptados a las fases día-noche, regulados exógena, endógena y diferencialmente por los estímulos de luz-oscuridad. Algunas de las funciones biológicas, como el reposo, sueño, actividad, locomoción, metabolismo, apareamiento, desarrollo y envejecimiento, son reguladas por estos sistemas de relojes internos, que operan mediante cambios conformacionales protéicos postraduccionales. El primer mecanismo descrito de autorregulación rítmica gen-proteína fue el modelo PER (period), caracterizado a detalle en el insecto Drosophila melanogaster (mosca de la fruta). En este trabajo se presenta el diseño y desarrollo de un simulador interactivo computacional, que reproduce el ritmo circadiano PER. El simulador llamado “OSCILAR-PER,” está basado en el modelo propuesto por Goldbeter (1995), fue desarrollado en lenguaje Visual Basic®, versión 5.0, para ambiente Windows®, de XP a Windows 10. Las ecuaciones cinéticas que describen los mecanismos se resolvieron por métodos numéricos. Con este programa se pueden reproducir los cinco tipos oscilatorios de PER, correspondientes a las curvas de concentración en función del tiempo: del RNA mensajero de la proteína PER, la proteína PER desfosforilada, la PER monofosforilada, la PER bifosforilada y la curva de PER nuclear. Las curvas se pueden simular individual o simultáneamente. El software es una herramienta de apoyo didáctico para la enseñanza-aprendizaje del tema.
Towards developing of Industrial Learning Organizations in the city of Lima – Peru
Authors: Ramírez César Antonio Porras
Published: February 2021

In order to generate practical data that deepens the investigations regarding learning organizations, in the present research work the dimensions or categories of the model of learning organizations were described, measured and compared with the characteristics of three industrial companies in the city of Lima. To obtain data, the researcher proposed an instrument called “Study of the Industrial Learning Organization”; the results showed that companies studied do not fit to the model of learning organizations, because the company of plastics obtained an average score of 4.14, the metalworking 4.09 and the electric 3.77; requiring a minimum score of 5 out of 6 to qualify as an industrial learning organization. It is important to note that all the evaluated industries obtained negative scores in the category of personal domain and leadership that in conjunction with systemic thinking are considered key aspects in order to become a learning organization; therefore, it is essential that each of the Industrial companies reassess their positions and leadership characteristics taking into account that for a learning organization, leaders must possess qualities of service, of teacher and designer of new realities adapted to the continuous local and global changes, turning their organizations into environments of continuous learning.
Importance of the use of interactive methodologies in primary education: gamification. Didactic proposal
Authors: Muñoz Juani González , Calderón Belén Cánovas , Melgar Rocío Muñoz , Alonso Jose María Rabal
Published: February 2021

It is nothing new that positive emotions are related to greater and better learning capacity and it is this situation that, especially considering the current global pandemic situation with all the impact it has created on a psychological level - and therefore, directly or indirectly at the educational level — creates the pressing need to offer a methodology and class dynamics that arouse the interest of students and create motivation for learning. Faced with this situation, this work offers a detailed synthesis of a methodology that includes these requirements, gamification, also offering a series of suitable activities for use in Primary Education classrooms.
Gimnástica del talento. Desarrollo de competencias y habilidades en entornos sociolaborales
Authors: Crespo Luis Poveda , Antonio Maria Jesús Vitón de
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo ofrece un acercamiento y una visión general de la investigación realizada sobre el aprendizaje y desarrollo de competencias que configuran “talento” en entornos sociolaborales denominada “Gimnástica del Talento”.

La metodología de aprendizaje propuesta en el modelo permite una transformación y mejora progresiva de las habilidades asociadas a la actividad profesional que se desarrolla en las Familias Profesionales de Comercio y Marketing y Gestión Comercial y de Ventas, desplegadas por el Instituto Nacional de Cualificación profesional(INCUAL). Se presenta una innovación conceptual; primero al desagregar las actividades y tareas que se realizan en el desempeño de la profesión “Modelo de los Nueve Pasos”, segundo; asociar las competencias críticas y prioritarias en cada uno de los pasos propuestos en el modelo y tercero; diseñar un programa de ejercicios para el entrenamiento de cada una de las competencias asociadas. Los resultados de la investigación nos indican que el enfoque de ejercicios propuesto y la triangulación realiza entre las actividades y tareas a desempeñar, las competencias y el conocimiento de las técnicas de entrenamiento son altamente satisfactorios al proporcionar una reducción en el tiempo de aprendizaje por la propia experiencia y mejorar los indicadores de resultados pre y post.
Environmental noise challenges and policies in low- and middle- income countries
Authors: Schwela Dietrich
Published: February 2021

Information on environmental noise challenges was gathered for 139 countries, identified by the World Bank as of low income (31), lower middle income (52), and upper middle income (56). Data on noise levels were found in urban agglomerations of two low-income, 13 lower middle-income, and 20 upper middle-income countries. Environmental noise pollution continues to grow in all studied cities due to increase in motor vehicle fleets, airport operations and industries. The main driving forces are population growth, urbanization, motorization and to a large extent technological development. In this paper the major noise sources in two low-income countries, 13 lower middle-income countries and 13 upper middle-income countries (excluding Member States of and countries on the road to the European Union) are identified and observed environmental noise levels reviewed. The paper also compiles the adverse health effects of extensive noise exposures in urban agglomerations that have already been observed in some of these countries. The key laws and by-laws and other regulations on noise pollution in these countries and the level of their enforcement are discussed.
Future perspectives for physical education, sports and fitness
Authors: Dos Santos Cristiane Kelly Aquino , Miranda Dalva Teresinha de Souza Zardo , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin , de Jesus Evelini Veras , Dantas Karollyni Bastos Andrade , Da Costa Lúcio Flávio Gomes Ribeiro , Bishop Michael Douglas Celestino , Neto Pedro Alves de Figueiredo
Published: February 2021

There is increasing discussion on the accelerated pace of change in contemporary society. The aim of the present study was to examine the future perspectives of physical education, sports and fitness. Society 5.0 is humanity´s response to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The initiatives presented here potentially reflect the transformation of the world we live in, ensuring a more just, sustainable and viable future.
REAL-TIME MONITORING OF GRAIN MOISTURE IN THE FIELD
Authors: Kalandarov P , Aralov G , Norboyev O
Published: February 2021

The article deals with the method of measuring grain moisture when it is collected in the field, analyzes the synthesis of a real-time information andmeasurement system.
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INFORMATION AND MEASUREMENT SUBSYSTEM OF THE AUTOMATED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM OF SYNTHESIZED GRAIN MOISTURE MONITORING DEVICES
Authors: Kalan P , Avezov N , Matchanov S
Published: February 2021

The problems of drying grain products are Analyzed, and the issues of instrument support for monitoring the humidity of the cheese and its processed products as part of an automated process control system are considered.
THE IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION IN THE FIELD OF PROCESSING MEDICAL WASTE
Authors: Nishanbaeva А , Turaeva S
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the study of innovations in the field of processing and disposal of waste from medical institutions. The impact of medical waste on the environment, as well as on the life and health of the population is considered.
Characterization of Climate Change Communication: Implication for Environmental Sustainability in Ogba, Egbema, Ndoni Local Government Area of River State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwaerema Peace , Ikoro Nwokezi John
Published: February 2021

Communicating climate change occurrence in Ogba Egbema Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State was the key interest of this study due to the incessant environmental degradation caused by multinational oil and gas companies in the area. This study used multi-stage cluster sampling technique and administered four hundred (400) questionnaires in a study population of 445,760 persons determined by Taro Yamane statistical technique. The findings revealed that the stakeholders felt that climate change really occurred in the area but had not adequately adapted to the impact of climate change with 69.3% showing poor preparedness to climate change adaptation. The radio, television and town-hall meeting were the most effective media of climate change communication, but social media such as WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Telegram et cetera were poorly used to communicate climate change phenomenon. Thus, the indigenous town-crying communication medium showed 95% response of disagreement of not being used to inform the stakeholders of climate change occurrence. However, 68% response revealed that the government was not concerned with climate change communication in the area, rather, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs), Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and the host companies relatively showed concerned in communicating climate change occurrence to the stakeholders.  The result indicated that the level of climate change occurrence did not statistically significantly relate with climate change communication in the area. Thus, it was recommended that community stakeholders should have access to weather information, agricultural extension services, educational and school curriculums should integrate climate change communication, indigenous knowledge and communication media should be used as well as government should be serious with issues of climate change communication so as to cushion the effects of climate change impact in Ogba Egbema Ndoni Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria.
Youth Perception and the Effects of Disciplinary Action Implemented in School
Authors: Junaidi Noni Harianti , Richard Lisa , Busrah Nur Hafizah
Published: February 2021

The disciplinary problem in school has become one of the popular issues in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to describe youth perceptions and the effects of disciplinary action implemented in school. It intends to achieve three main objectives which are to identify the perceptions of youth towards disciplinary action practice in school, to examine the effects of disciplinary action practice, and to make comparisons between gender and its acceptance towards disciplinary action in school. Data collection had been carried out using a quantitative approach through convenient sampling. There were 260 questionnaires distributed to respondents from the diploma and degree students under the Faculty of Administrative Science & Policy Studies at MARA University of Technology (UiTM) in Kota Samarahan.  Findings showed that most youths agreed on the good perception of the disciplinary action implemented in school. However, there were also respondents who had given some opinions and recommendations. Nevertheless, only some of the students tend to access aggressive solutions. This study also did a comparison between gender and its acceptance toward disciplinary action in school.  However, finding indicated there was no difference of acceptance between genders.
Sociedad de hecho
Authors: Cameto Acosta Nell Ciro , Cánepa Salaberry Martín , Leaman Domínguez Alec John
Published: February 2021

La sociedad comercial de hecho es uno de los tipos sociales más utilizado por los emprendedores a la hora de realizar negocios. En el siguiente trabajo el lector se encontrará con un análisis exhaustivo del régimen legal aplicable a este tipo social y de las dificultades que presenta su constitución, funcionamiento y disolución, tanto desde una perspectiva doctrinaria como jurisprudencial, lo que permitirá determinar si emprender bajo esta forma garantiza el éxito o el fracaso del negocio.
Aquaporins; Systemic, Functional and Therapeutic Correlations in Health and Disease
Authors: Talal Ahmed  , Sarah Ghafoor
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The aquaporins (AQPs) are transcellular proteins that majorly consist of a tetrametric hour-glass like structure. AQPs have a definitive function in transpositioning of water and solutes across cell membrane. This review provides information regarding structure, expression and functions of AQPs in the human body. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of physiological and pathophysiological correlations related to AQPs and their therapeutic implications. Absence or mutations of different aquaporins are believed to be linked to clinical diseases including Sjogren’s Syndrome, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, liver dysfunction and obesity. Modern therapeutic techniques are utilizing aquaporins in gene therapy for Sjogren’s Syndrome and cholestasis.  In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive description of localization, function, abnormal clinical conditions and therapeutic implications of aquaporin proteins.
Keywords: Classification, Clinical, Human Aquaporins, Localization, Continuous....
Video assisted thoracoscopy as a therapeutic modality in evacuating retained or clotted haemothoraces
Authors: Ambreen Abid  , Tanveer Ahmad  , Khalil Ahmed Shaikh  , Shagufta Nasreen  , Nazish Sikander  , Misauq Mazcuri
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: To determine the role of VATS (Video Assisted Thoracoscopy) for evacuating retained / clotted haemothorax resulting in minimising the duration of chest tube drainage and length of hospital stay.
Methods: From July 2019 to February 2020, 160 consecutive patients underwent VATS for retained or clotted haemothoraces at the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre. Institutional review board approval and consent from all patients taken. Outcome was measured as partial or complete lung expansion and relapse of collection.
Results: There were 128 (80%) male and 32 (20%) female. 103 (64.37%) patients underwent VATS in first week (2-7) and 57 (35.63%) in second week (8-14 days). Of 103 patients who underwent VATS the first week, (71.9%) had complete lung expansion which was significantly higher compared to those who underwent VATS in second week (28,1%). Ninety-nine participants had chest tube removed in first week of VATS. Participants who underwent VATS in first week had shorter duration of stay (p=0.000).
Conclusion: VATS is a safe, reliable and effective technique for the evacuation of retained haemothorax in haemodynamically stable patients. Early intervention within first week of injury not only is associated with better outcome but shorter duration of hospital stays.
Keywords: VATS, blunt trauma, Clotted haemothoraces, Continuous...
Novo Sarau Noturno: do presencial ao virtual
Authors: Ismério Clarisse , Couto Amanda , Rosa Darlan
Published: February 2021

O projeto Cultural Sarau Noturno, criado em 2008, com o objetivo de contar a história da cidade de Bagé/RS, aproximar a comunidade local da riqueza presente no Cemitério da Santa Casa de Caridade e assim promover a preservação da arte cemiterial, consagrou-se então através de apresentações presenciais, pesquisas e publicações. Iniciou o ano de 2020, enfrentando o desafio de adaptar-se à atipicidade causada pela pandemia de Covid-19. Essa mudança era necessária para que o evento continuasse sua proposta, assim apresentamos o processo de reinvenção virtual do novo Sarau Noturno. Munidos de desafios permeados desde sua concepção estética, formal e funcional, destaca-se o papel da educação patrimonial e o valor histórico-cultural presente nos túmulos, jazigos, estátuas e símbolos, tendo em vista o valor imaterial presente no espaço cemiterial.
A salvaguarda do patrimônio literário: edições interpretativas da produção dispersa de Innocencio Galvão de Queiroz
Authors: Silva Gilson , Conceição Ana , Silva Carlos
Published: February 2021

Apresentamos o projeto “Entre a memória, a salvaguarda e o texto: Innocencio Galvão de Queiroz e sua dispersa produção ficcional”, desenvolvido como pesquisa no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiana (IF Baiano, Campus Valença) entre ao anos 2019 a 2020, a fim de evidenciar como, por meio de edições interpretativas, contribuímos para a preservação e a divulgação do patrimônio literário do Baixo Sul da Bahia. Tomamos como corpus de investigação jornais publicados no século XX na cidade de Valença, as revistas O Tico-tico, O malho e Beira-Mar, editadas no Rio de Janeiro no século XX, além de duas Miscelâneas em que eram colecionados textos e notícias sobre a família Queiroz. As edições realizadas contribuem para a reintrodução de textos do autor no cenário literário local, reavivando sua memória e valorizando a sua produção.
A mesterséges intelligencia által támogatott munkáltatói döntéshozatal adatvédelmi kérdései
Authors: G. Karácsony Gergely
Published: February 2021

Artificial intelligence is perhaps the technological innovation of our time with the strongest impact on society. Due to its capabilities, it is suitable for participating in many decisions during the employment relationship and even for automating certain processes. In my study, I examine the legal context in which the use of these tools, which involves extensive data management, can be properly implemented. I examine the prohibition of automatic decision-making and profiling in the GDPR as well as the exceptions to this, narrowing it down to cases that can also be applied in the employment relationship. Finally, I present the unintended consequences of using this technology as well as the potential issues to be aware of.
Az automatizálás munkaerőpiaci és munkajogi kérdései
Authors: Jakab Nóra , Ráczi Zsófia , Berényi Laura
Published: February 2021

The fundamental value of labour law at all times is that it provides security in the economic sense and thus creates predictability: on the one hand, with rules protecting the worker and, on the other hand, by building a social network on the part of the state in case the worker is unable to work. In addition, it is crucial that labour law regulations can properly adapt to the economic and social changes of the 21st century, to the emergence of new trends. The development of robotics and artificial intelligence will undoubtedly have an impact on the dynamic and static elements of the work environment, the labour market, and the labour relationship, thus generating new challenges.
6 óra munka, 9 óra pihenés, 9 óra szórakozás
Authors: Máté Dávid Adrián
Published: February 2021

The digital changes of the 21st century have brought us many new tools, technologies, and, with them, new challenges. The changes fully permeate economic processes and at the same time have a significant impact on work performance. As a result of the changes, many jobs will be lost, new ones will be created, and we will witness ever-faster changes in the labour market. Employers and employees need to adapt to these changed circumstances, in which working time and its scheduling play a key role. In the course of the present work, I examine the feasibility of the shorter working hours that have become available due to technical development, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. In connection with this, the development of a flexible work schedule will also be subject to a legal examination.
A munkavállalói képviselet részvételi jogosítványai a gazdasági társaságok,valamint üzemeik irányítása terén az euroatlanti régióban és Magyarországon
Authors: Prugberger Tamás
Published: February 2021

The study deals with employee participation in corporate and plant management, showing the historical course of the formation and development from the early twentieth century to the end of World War II. Following World War II, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) developed a system of 50-50% ownership and employee representation in both areas, which in the early 1970s was transformed into two-thirds ownership and one-third employee representation. Next, the study presents the structural nature of the current participatory institutional system, the electoral system, and the licensing system in a comparative manner.
A szabadság szabályozása a magyar individuális munkajogban és Európában
Authors: Román Róbert
Published: February 2021

The aim of the current study is to present the regulation of leave in the economic sector during the examination of the Labour Code within the framework of the Hungarian labour law, with the exception of the provisions on sick leave. In European states where a uniform Labour Code is available, the rules on leave have been established, but in some countries they have been regulated by other codes or legal regulations. The purpose of normal annual leave is for the worker to regenerate properly, the intention of significantly extending this period being progressive. In addition to the basic leave, extra vacation and the rules on unpaid leave are also examined. The study seeks to point out that the current rules are too narrow and that labour market developments suggest that an extension of the normal annual leave period is needed.
A munkajog a digitalizáció világában
Authors: Strihó Krisztina
Published: February 2021

"The study focuses on digitization and home office. The author indicates the circumstances that mean serious challenges to both the legislator and the law enforcer. Owing to the digital revolution, the emergence and spread of the electronic means of communication, we are witnessing significant economic and social changes. New types of legal relationships are emerging, trade is being restructured, and we can perceive a clear shift in the centre of gravity towards the virtual space. The question is how these processes affect the world of work."
Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Listed Healthcare Sector Companies in Nigeria
Authors: M. Etale Lyndon , W. Tueridei Seth
Published: February 2021

The Healthcare sector companies are veritable investment companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The study aimed to investigate the effect of corporate governance and financial performance of listed healthcare sector companies in Nigeria. It employed the ex-post facto research design and equally used secondary data generated from the annual report and accounts of all eight (8) sampled listed healthcare sector companies in Nigeria from 2008 to 2019. The sample size was arrived at by using a purposive sampling technique. The study analysed the data using least square, descriptive and covariance techniques. It adopted Tobin-Q as a measure for firm financial performance, whereas corporate governance variables include board size, board independence and managerial ownership. From the empirical results, the study concludes that there are some level of significance between financial performance and two out of the three corporate governance variables (board independence and managerial ownership). However, the correlation result shows no relationship among the variables examined. The study, therefore, recommends that companies in the healthcare sector should as a matter of necessity embrace complete compliance to corporate governance structure in order to attract the tremendous benefits and improve corporate financial performance therein. This could be done simultaneously with the governance structure at the district, state or hospital level to achieve greater performance. More so, further studies could examine other corporate governance variables together with the already examined variables in this study. Other financial performance variable could also be employed to ascertain any relation or significance among them for the healthcare sector companies.
GILBERT RYLE IN THE HISTORY OF ARISTOTELIAN SOCIETY OF XX CENTURY
Authors: Didikin Anton
Published: February 2021

The report is devoted to philosophical legacy of Gilbert Ryle and its importance for reflecting the history of the Aristotelian Society in London -a unique intellectual environment where for more than a hundred years in the process of annual discussions, philosophers have had the opportunity to test their own philosophical ideas. Ryle justified the ideas of linguistic philosophy that became the subject of active discussions in the Aristotelian Society during the 40–50s of the XX century, especially when G. Ryle was the President of the Society in 1945–1946. On the example of the philosophical ideas of G. Ryle the author analyzes the intellectual context of the formation the linguistic philosophy in the XX century.
GEORGE EDWARD MOORE IN THE HISTORY OF ARISTOTELIAN SOCIETY OF XX CENTURY
Authors: Nekhaev Andrei
Published: February 2021

George Edward Moore is the brightest philosopher of British neo-realism. During the first half of XX century he remained the undisputed leader of this philosophical movement, which organically and fruitfully combinedele-ments of classical British empiricism with new original tools for the conceptual analysis of ordinary language expressions. By the example of innovative ideas in moral philosophy, outlined by G.E. Moore in Principia Ethica, there is analyzed the intellectual context of the formation of philosophical metaethics in the XX century.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF J. L. AUSTIN’S SATURDAY MORNING MEETINGS FOR «CONTINUITY» OF OXFORD PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Ogleznev Vitaly
Published: February 2021

I will try to focus in my talk on the history and significance of the so-calledSaturday Morning Meetings—a scien-tific seminar that John Langshaw Austin (President of the Aristotelian society 1956-1957) organized in 1947 at the University of Oxford—forthe development of Oxford philosophy. The ideas that were discussed at these informal meetings were subsequently seriously developed within the philosophy literature, and many participants of the seminar became world-famous philosophers. The success of the Saturday Morning Meetings can be explained by the fact that it was not a formalized University institution, but a community of like-minded people who believed that only through joint discussion philosophical problems could be clarified.
RETHINKING MATERIALISM’S LEGACY IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN REALITIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TEACHING OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY
Authors: Shevchenko Alexander
Published: February 2021

This article is timed to the anniversary of the famous researcher and classic of Marxist philosophy – F. Engels. It provides an overview of his creative heritage and emphasizes the importance of the reception of this heritage for modern research in various areas of social life. Particular attention is paid to attempts to comprehend the work of Engels on issues of family and marriage. The author comes to the conclusion that the materialistic understanding of the history of society and its institutions is a toolkit necessary for an objective understanding of social reality.
COSMOPOLITANISM AND PATRIOTISM IN EARLY HELLENISTIC PHILOSOPHY: SOCIO-HISTORICAL FACTOR
Authors: Brovkin Vladimir
Published: February 2021

It is established that in Early Hellenistic philosophy the opposition between two tendencies – Patriotic and cosmopolitan increased. Patriotic values have retained their influence. The exponents of Patriotic ideas were Aristotle, Xenocrates, Anniceris, Menedemus, and partially the early stoics. At the same time, the positions of cosmopolitanism, which was represented in the philosophy of the cynics, the early Stoics, and Theodorus, also strengthened. It is also established that the formation of Hellenistic monarchies influenced the development of both tendencies. The rapprochement of the Greeks with the peoples of the East con-tributed to the spread of cosmopolitan ideas. And the Foundation of Greek cities in the Hellenistic States contributed to the preservation of Polis values, one of which was patriotism.
THEORETICAL DEFINITIONS FOR AUXILIARY CONCEPTS OF VARIOUS LEVELS OF ABSTRACTION
Authors: Karpovich Valentin
Published: February 2021

Theoretical knowledge may contain various levels of abstraction represented by logical constructions from the observed characteristics of objects from the subject area of the theory. The degree of abstractness can be de-scribed by the complexity of the structures obtained from the initial observational terms. Such auxiliary construc-tions are characterized as explicit or implicitdefinitions of theoretical concepts in terms of observational. One of the techniques for constructing such definitions is the operationalization of abstractions by a system of reduction sentences. In this case a theoretical concept is characterized as “open” and plays a role of logical and methodo-logical constraints for expanding the possible connections of the theoretical model with the help of concepts from the domain of intended practical application.
Legal policy in the field of legal responsibility for environmental offenses
Authors: Мангильдина Н.А. , Комаров С.А.
Published: February 2021

В статье рассматривается правовая политика в сфере юридической ответственности за экологические правонарушения; характеризуются виды юридической ответственности за экологические правонарушения; выявляются проблемы применения юридической ответственности за данную категорию преступлений.

The article considers the legal policy of legal liability for environmental offenses, studies the types of legal liability for environmental offenses, identifies the problems of legal liability of the considered category of crimes.
Lecture: “Investigative Committee of Russia: general characteristics activities”
Authors: Бастрыкин А.И.
Published: February 2021

В данной лекции содержится теоретико-практическая характеристика организации и деятельности Следственного комитета Российской Федерации в различных сферах правового регулирования общественных отношений. Автор считает весьма позитивным разделение функций прокурорского надзора и производства следствия, что позволило достигнуть необходимого баланса полномочий. Это состояние весьма эффективно отразилось на системе защиты прав и интересов личности на стадии досудебного производства. В целом такая глобальная реорганизация следственных органов проведена впервые. Исторически идея создания «независимого следствия» возникла еще во времена императора Петра Великого, когда была сформулирована концепция вневедомственного предварительного следствия, а реализована она была только в XXI веке.

This lecture contains a theoretical and practical description of the organization and activities of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in various spheres of legal regulation of public relations. The author considers the separation of the functions of prosecutor's supervision and investigation proceedings to be very positive, which made it possible to achieve the neces- sary balance of powers. This condition was very effectively reflected in the system of protecting the rights and interests of the individual at the stage of pre-trial proceedings. In general, this is the first time such a global reorganization of the investigative bodies has been carried out. Historically, the idea of creating an "independent investigation" arose back in the days of Emperor Peter the Great, when the concept of a nondepartmental preliminary investigation was formulated, and it was realized only in the 21st century.
Kết quả phẫu thuật điều trị chấn thương động mạch khoeo do trật khớp gối tại bệnh viện hữu nghị Việt Đức
Authors: Thang Duong Ngoc , Tu Vu Ngoc , Kien Tran Trung , Huu Nguyen
Published: February 2021

Nghiên cứu mô tả các bệnh nhân chấn thương động mạch khoeo do trật khớp gối được điều trị phẫu thuật tại bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức từ tháng 01/2017 đến tháng 07/2019. Có tổng số 21 bệnh nhân, 19/21 là nam giới, tuổi trung bình: 35,6 ± 13. Thời gian thiếu máu chi trung bình 22,4 ± 31,9 giờ. Mất mạch ngoại vi gặp ở tất cả bệnh nhân. 52,4% được phẫu thuật tái lập tuần hoàn bằng ghép đoạn tĩnh mạch hiển. Không có trường hợp nào tử vong, cắt cụt sau mổ. Chấn thương động mạch khoeo do trật khớp gối là tổn thương nặng, đe dọa sự sống còn của chi thể cũng như tính mạng người bệnh. Phẫu thuật cố định xương đồng thời tái lập lưu thông mạch máu cần được thực hiện cấp cứu để đạt được hiệu quả điều trị tối đa
Nghiên cứu lợi ích của dây chằng nhân tạo trong sửa van hai lá thoái hóa
Authors: Nghia Nguyen Van
Published: February 2021

Tiền cứu hàng loạt ca các trường hợp lâm sàng từ năm 2015 đến năm 2018 trên các số liệu thu thập được từ 27 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật sửa van hai lá sử dụng dây chằng nhân tạo và khám lại sau phẫu thuật. Kết quả: Sau 2 năm theo dõi, không có trường hợp tử vong, và 96,3% không cần mổ lại. 96,3% trường hợp không hở van hai lá tồn lưu hoặc hở nhẹ; phân suất tống máu tăng sau phẫu thuật, trung bình là 58.22% sau 1 tháng và 61.3% sau 3 tháng; 49.1% trường hợp rung nhĩ trước mổ có nhịp xoang trở lại sau 3 tháng đến 1 năm theo dõi, trong đó 14,8% trường hợp được phẫu thuật Maze kết hợp sửa van; vòng van nhân tạo số 28 chiếm 38.3 %, vòng van số 30 chiếm 22.2%, còn lại là vòng van lớn từ 32, 34, 36. Kết luận: Sử dụng dây chằng nhân tạo trong sửa van hai lá thoái biến mang lại những lợi ích lớn cho bệnh nhân. Ưu điểm của phẫu thuật này giúp cải thiện chức năng thất trái, tăng phân suất tống máu, nhịp xoang trở lại ổn định sau phẫu thuật. Nhờ dây chằng nhân tạo, không cắt bỏ mô van, giúp đặt được vòng van nhân tạo kích thước tối đa phù hợp cho bệnh nhân.
Phẫu thuật bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh: kinh nghiệm 1200 trường hợp tại một trung tâm
Authors: Que Do Kim , Quan Dao Hong
Published: February 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Phẫu thuật bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh đã được chứng minh là phương pháp điều trị an toàn, hiệu quả và làm giảm nguy cơ đột quỵ não ở bệnh nhân có hẹp động mạch cảnh ngoài sọ. Tuy nhiên tại Việt Nam vẫn còn một số bàn cãi về lợi ích và nguy cơ của phẫu thuật này. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu của chúng tôi nhằm đánh giá kết quả của phẫu thuật bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh tại bệnh viện Thống Nhất trong 15 năm với kinh nghiệm 1200 trường hợp. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Tiến cứu mô tả hàng loạt ca với toàn bộ 1200 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh tại bệnh viện Thống Nhất trong thời gian 15 năm từ 2004 – 2019. Các đặc điểm về tuổi, giới tính, mức độ hẹp động mạch cảnh, tiền sử đột quỵ được ghi nhận. Phẫu thuật bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh được thực hiện dưới gây mê. Tiến hành bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh qua đường mở dọc động mạch và phục hồi động mạch cảnh có miếng vá PTFE hoặc bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh kiểu lộn ngược. Ghi nhận thời gian kẹp động mạch cảnh. Đánh giá tỉ lệ biến chứng, tử vong và đột quỵ não trong phẫu thuật, sau mổ 1 tháng, 1 năm, 5 năm, tỉ lệ hẹp tái phát động mạch cảnh sau phẫu thuật 1 năm và 5 năm. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình là 72,4 (49 – 92) Tỉ lệ nam:nữ là 2,6:1. Có 628 trường hợp có đột quỵ não trước phẫu thuật chiếm tỉ lệ 52,3 %. Hẹp cả 2 động mạch cảnh được ghi nhận ở 224 trường hợp chiếm tỉ lệ 18,7%. Bóc lớp trong kiểu lộn vỏ động mạch được thực hiện cho 258 trường hợp (21,5%); bóc lớp trong động mạch theo phương pháp kinh điển áp dụng cho 942 trường hợp (78,5%); phục hồi động mạch cảnh với miếng vá áp dụng cho 936 trường hợp (99.4%), khâu trực tiếp cho 6 trường hợp (0,6%). Thời gian kẹp động mạch cảnh trung bình là 23,6 phút. Có 03 bệnh nhân tử vong trong 1 tháng sau mổ chiếm tỉ lệ 0,25%; đột quỵ não trong mổ ở 4 trường hợp (0,33%), có 6 trường hợp (0,5%) đột quỵ trong thời gian 1 tháng sau phẫu thuật. Theo dõi sau phẫu thuật từ 1 tháng – 5 năm cho thấy tử vong sau 1 năm, 5 năm là 0,2% và 1,1%; đột quỵ não sau 1 năm và 5 năm là 0,1% và 0,8%; hẹp tái phát trên 70% tại thời điểm 1 năm và 5 năm sau phẫu thuật là 0,1 và 1,0%. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật bóc lớp trong động mạch cảnh không dùng shunt tạm là phương pháp điều trị hiệu quả và an toàn cho hẹp động mạch cảnh ngoài sọ, tỉ lệ đột quỵ và tử vong sau phẫu thuật thấp. Tỉ lệ tái hẹp và đột quỵ sau 1 năm và 5 năm rất thấp.1
Yếu tố tiên lượng của thất bại với tuần hoàn fontan giai đoạn sớm: kết quả sau 8 năm triển khai phẫu thuật fontan
Authors: Dai Tran Dac , Thanh Le Ngoc , Van Dang Thi Hai , Tien Do Anh
Published: February 2021

Mục tiêu: nghiên cứu đươc tiến hành nhằm đánh giá kết quả sau phẫu thuật Fontan ở nhóm bệnh nhân tim sinh lý 1 thất, xác định tỉ lệ thất bại với tuần hoàn Fontan ở giai đoạn sớm (early Fontan failure- EFF) và sơ bộ khảo sát các yếu tố nguy cơ trên nhóm bệnh nhân này. Đối tượng và phương pháp: tổng số 145 bệnh nhân đã được tiến hành phẫu thuật Fontan tại Trung tâm tim mạch- Bệnh viện E trong giai đoạn từ tháng 8/2012 đến 12/2019. Kết quả sau mổ được tập trung nghiên cứu và phân tích là tình trạng thất bại với tuần hoàn Fontan ở giai đoạn sớm (EFF). Kết quả: tỷ lệ gặp EFF trong nghiên cứu là 9,66% (14 trường hợp, trong đó có 13 trường hợp tử vong và 1 trường hợp chấm dứt tuần hoàn Fontan). Phân tích đơn biến với các biến số trước mổ chỉ ra một số yếu tố nguy cơ liên quan với EFF bao gồm: thể bệnh giải phẫu thông sàn nhĩ thất thể không cân xứng, bất thường đảo ngược phủ tạng, tình trạng hở van nhĩ thất từ trước mổ, tuần hoàn bàng hệ chủ- phổi lớn phát hiện trên siêu âm, tình trạng tăng áp lực động mạch phổi và tăng sức cản hệ mạch máu phổi trước mổ. Phân tích đơn biến với các yếu tố trong quá trình phẫu thuật có liên quan với EFF bao gồm: tiến hành tạo hình động mạch phổi hoặc sửa van nhĩ thất cùng thời điểm phẫu thuật Fontan, tăng áp lực động mạch phổi, và tình trạng chảy máu trong mổ. Dấu hiệu phù ngay sau mổ cũng có liên quan chặt chẽ với EFF. Tổng số 22 yếu tố nguy cơ được tiến hành khảo sát và phân tích đa biến, xác định được 3 yếu tố độc lập thực sự làm gia tăng nguy cơ EFF sau mổ: tăng áp lực động mạch phổi trước mổ (OR: 1.84, 95%CI: 1.12 – 3.00, p=0.016), tiến hành sửa van nhĩ thất cùng thời điểm phẫu thuật Fontan (OR: 65.85, 95%CI: 1.95–2228.14, p=0.020), và tình trạng tăng áp lực động mạch phổi ngay sau mổ (OR: 1.66, 95%CI: 1.19–2.33, p=0.004). Kết luận: trong nghiên cứu này, tỉ lệ EFF sau phẫu thuật Fontan còn tương đối cao, và là nguyên nhân chính của tỉ lệ tử vong sau mổ. Tình trạng tăng áp lực động mạch phổi trước và ngay sau mổ, cùng với tiến hành sửa van nhĩ thất cùng thời điểm phẫu thuật Fontan là các yếu tố nguy cơ độc lập liên quan đến EFF sau mổ. 1
Formación del profesorado en modelización: primeros pasos de una profesora novel
Authors: Matas Codes P. , Gallart Palau C.
Published: February 2021

Ante la mayor demanda de actividades que conecten las matemáticas con el mundo real, el curso de formación para el profesorado, “Setmana de la modelització”, nace con el objetivo de dotar a los profesores de secundaria y bachillerato de los conocimientos y las herramientas que faciliten la introducción de la modelización matemática en sus aulas. En el presente artículo se describe este curso de formación, objetivos y contenidos, y sus resultados se ilustran a través de la descripción de la experiencia de una de sus participantes. Esta experiencia incide en tres aspectos: el diseño de la tarea de modelización, la implementación de la actividad en el aula y la evaluación. Por último, se exponen las reflexiones y conclusiones a las que se han llegado al implementar la actividad, cómo se han superado las dudas iniciales respecto a la misma y sus implicaciones respecto al propio proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y el diseño del curso de formación.
E-aplan: a tool for teaching collaborative aggregate production planning in industrial engineering
Authors: Poler Raul , Andres Beatriz , Guzmán Ortiz Eduardo
Published: February 2021

En este trabajo se presenta una herramienta informática titulada E–aplan Express (versión 2018), de libre acceso para uso educativo y comercial, para la modelización y resolución de planes de producción agregados generando una planificación de la producción a medio-largo plazo, en base a una demanda prevista en ese periodo. La herramienta E–aplan modela el plan de producción agregado a través de un modelo de programación lineal entera mixta (MILP). El motor de optimización LP solver genera la planificación ajustando todas las variables de optimización con el menor error posible. Por último, se presenta un ejemplo ilustrativo que considera una planificación de la producción agregada colaborativa, en una cadena de suministro de dos eslabones. Se modelan diferentes escenarios para considerar simultáneamente los objetivos de planificación de las dos empresas de la red.
Neuropatía auditiva y cribados neonatales
Authors: Trinidad Ramos German , Trinidad Ruiz Gabriel
Published: February 2021

En las Recomendaciones de la CODEPEH 2010, se aconseja el descubrimiento de todas las hipoacusias independientemente de su etiología y severidad. La neuropatía auditiva puede pasar desapercibida en los programas basados en el uso de otoemisiones como primer nivel del cribado. Sin embargo son casos muy concretos los que pueden presentar esta patología y ello permite su descubrimiento siempre que se sigan unos criterios adecuados en los programas basados en las otoemisiones, como se viene haciendo en todos ellos. Este trabajo, además de describir esta patología en sus aspectos etiológico, fisiopatológico, clínico, diagnóstico y terapéutico, concreta aquellos antecedentes que hacen sospechar, no solo la neuropatía auditiva, también las lesiones retrococleares que por su propia localización no serían detectadas por las otoemisiones. Son los niños que pasan más de 5 días en UCIP, los que tienen toxoplasmosis, los que han tenido hiperbilirrubinemia con exanguinotransfusión y los que tienen antecedentes familiares de procesos neurológicos, especialmente aquellos con antecedentes de trastornos del Gen Otof, los que necesitan completar el cribado con potenciales evocados auditivos.
Etiología de la Hipoacusia de origen genético
Authors: Bartolomé Pascual María Visitación , Melones Sánchez Elena
Published: February 2021

En la actualidad la gran incidencia de las hipoacusias no sindrómicas en la población española está permitiendo avanzar en la identificación de los genes implicados, así como las posibles consecuencias auditivas y no auditivas dependiendo de la naturaleza genética de la patología. La intervención logopédica es fundamental en el tratamiento de este tipo de hipoacusias. El objetivo de esta revisión es recopilar el conocimiento sobre las hipoacusias no sindrómicas más numerosas en España, el efecto que provoca cada mutación específica y las consecuencias que provocan, así podrá idearse un tratamiento médico-quirúrgico. Las mutaciones más comunes en la población española son las originadas en los genes GJB2, GJB6 y OTOF; cada uno de ellos presenta fenotipos distintos. Las responsables de las irregularidades son las conexinas de las células del oído, proteínas que forman uniones gap intercelulares para intercambios de pequeñas moléculas e iones. Las diversidades para cada hipoacusia dependen del lugar que ocupan las células que tienen sus conexinas modificadas. El tratamiento de este tipo de hipoacusias tiene especial importancia las alteraciones provocadas por determinadas conexinas. Uno de los ejemplos es la integridad del nervio auditivo que dará opciones para el implante coclear. Analizando estas particularidades junto con otros factores como la edad de aparición o el grado de pérdida se intentará elaborar un tratamiento con particularidades para cada paciente.
Anadolu'da MÖ 3.Binyıl Minyatür Arabaları
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Göknur
Published: February 2021

Bu makalede MÖ 3. binyıla tarihlendirilen Anadolu kökenli, yayını yapılmış 22 adet minyatür araba değerlendirilmiştir. Bu minyatür arabalar teknik özelliklerine, koşum hayvanlarına ve işlevlerine bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. Arabanın ortaya çıkışı ve kullanılışı, toplumların askeri ve kültürel gelişiminin bir sonucudur. Anadolu’da minyatür boyutta arabalar MÖ 3. binyıldan itibaren görülmektedir. Bu binyılda Anadolu kültürel, siyasal ve askeri açıdan büyük bir ilerleme kaydetmiştir. Açığa çıkarılan söz konusu arabalar da olasılıkla orijinal arabaların küçük birer kopyasıdır.
The Student Movement 1968/1971 in Ljubljana in wider context
Authors: Čepič Zdenko
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
            In 1968, during the political events of this year ("Prague Spring" and its end, US presidential elections, protests against the war in Vietnam, ...) significant student protests. They were all over Europe, the most intense in Paris. They were also in Yugoslavia, in Belgrade (early June). In Ljubljana, students in their protests were more socially oriented than political. More political occurred in students' protests in Ljubljana were in April and May 1971, when the Faculty of Arts students took over for eight days. The author presents the work of students in Ljubljana in 1968 and 1971 on the basis of the documents of the Slovenian student movement.
Milovan Đilas and the British Labour Party, 1950-1960
Authors: Režek Mateja
Published: February 2021

The article deals with Milovan Đilas’ political transformation presented through an analysis of his connections with the British Labourites, and with the reaction of the Labour Party to the Đilas Affair. After the dispute with the Cominform, Yugoslav leaders tried to initiate alternative international contacts through Western socialist and social democratic parties, considering the most suitable partner the British Labour Party. Official contacts with the latter were established in 1950, the key role in the dialogue with the British Labourites played by the head of the Commission for International Relations, Milovan Đilas. In the aftermath of the Đilas Affair, the once warm relations between the British Labourites and Yugoslav Communists grew rather cool, but the leadership of the Labour Party did not wish to compromise their relations with Yugoslavia, and therefore reacted to it with considerable wariness. Although Yugoslavia remained an authoritarian state under the leadership of the Communist Party, in the eyes of the West it continued to represent a significant factor in the destabilisation of the Eastern Bloc, and the friendly relationship between the Labour Party and the Yugoslav Communists were primarily based on foreign policy interests of the two parties. In the second half of the 1950s, the relationship between the Labour Party and the Yugoslav Communists rested, even more than before, on pragmatic geopolitical consideration and not on ideological affinity; the interest of the British Labourites in the Yugoslav self-management experiment decreased significantly, as did the Yugoslav interest in democratic socialism, the idea that Đilas was so passionate about.
BAHASA ARAB DAN METODE PENGAJARANNYA
Authors: Ana Achoita
Published: February 2021

Arabic is one language that has touched various world realms. Along with the development of the age, requires us to always move to follow it so that the method of learning arabic and its innovation will be a challenge. All methods are good, but the choice of a method is determined by many factors, including: teaching goals, background, student language, student age, available time, teacher readiness, and sociocultural factors.