bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSEP MAKANAN HALAL DAN THAYYIB DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR'AN
Authors: Hasanah Auliya Izzah , Fauziah Rizka , Kurniawan Rachmad Risqy
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji lebih dalam konsep makanan halal dan thayyib serta menguraikan makna dan unsur yang terkandung dalam konsep halal dan thayyib menurut perspektif Al-Quran dan tafsirnya khususnya pada ayat QS. Al?Baqarah: 168 dan QS. Al-Maidah : 88. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode penafsiran tematik. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa makanan yang halal dan baik disebutkan dalam al-Baqarah ayat 168 dan al-Maidah ayat 88 mengandung dua aspek yaitu pertama, hendaklah makanan itu adalah makanan yang dzatnya dihalalkan oleh Allah artinya tidak diharamkan, selain itu didapatkan dengan cara yang halal sesuai dengan ketentuan syariat Islam, tidak memperolehnya dengan cara yang diharamkan oleh syariat Islam, seperti dengan cara paksa, tipu, curi, korupsi dan lain-lain. Dan yang kedua, makanan yang dikonsumsi hendaklah baik (طیب ,(tidak menjijikkan dan kotor serta mengandung zat-zat yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh, secara jumlah takaran, mutu kualitasnya serta kandungan gizinya.
The COVID States Project #64: Continued high public support for mandating vaccines
Authors: Baum Matthew , Uslu Ata , Shere Anjuli , Lazer David , Trujillo Kristin Lunz , Druckman James , Ognyanova Katherine , Perlis Roy H. , Santillana Mauricio , Green Jon , Lin Jennifer , Safarpour Alauna , Quintana Alexi , Qu Hong , Pippert Caroline H
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 continues to surge in the United States and elsewhere, propelled by the highly contagious Delta variant. As of this writing (on September 29, 2021), about three quarters (76%) of the eligible U.S. population (age 12 and up) have received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. This is likely not enough to achieve herd immunity in the United States. Though the specific number remains uncertain, a recent estimate by the Infectious Diseases Society of America suggests that over 80% of the entire population must be fully vaccinated to reach herd immunity.More worrisome, around 1 in 5 Americans, depending on the poll, continue to say they are either uncertain or will not get the vaccine. In our most recent survey wave (fielded from August 26 to September 27, 2021), 10% of respondents who indicated that they are not yet vaccinated claimed they are extremely unlikely to get it. Another 12% are “somewhat” unlikely to seek the vaccine.In recent weeks, the Biden administration has shifted tactics in its efforts to get as many Americans as possible vaccinated. The Administration had from the outset emphasized the benefits of getting vaccinated as its primary strategy for persuading reluctant Americans to do so. Yet, starting in September the prevailing strategy seemingly shifted from emphasizing carrots to sticks. On September 9th, President Biden issued an executive order requiring all federal employees and government contractors to be vaccinated, and also announced that the U.S. Department of Labor would require that all companies with more than 100 employees require vaccination or weekly testing, as well as provide paid time off for employees to get vaccinated. The Biden Administration has also encouraged states and smaller companies to impose similar vaccine mandates.The question arises as to whether the persistence of the Delta variant has increased public support for making COVID-19 vaccines mandatory. In our April/May survey wave, six in ten respondents approved of the government mandating vaccines for everyone (see Report #52). This figure increased modestly, to 64% in our June/July survey (see Report #58).In this report, we update our assessment of public support for vaccine mandates, both nationally and across the 50 states, based on our September survey wave.
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN PASIEN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN YANG SAMA
Authors: Nashriyah Nafi'atun
Published: October 2021

Masih banyak kasus-kasus tentang diskriminasi terhadap pasien maupun malpraktek dan kesenjangan kesehatan di Indonesia. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya kepahaman terhadap hak dan kewajiban pasien sebagai seorang konsumen di layanan kesehatan serta pengaruh tingkat kesetaraan taraf hidup dikalangan masyarakat yang masih tinggi menyebabkan pasien memiliki posisi yang lemah sebagai seorang konsumen. Anggapan bahwa masyarakat yang terpandang rendah sering mengalami perlakuan tidak adil baik di dalam sebuah pelayanan kesehatan maupun di lingkungan masyarakat. Perlunya pemahanan atas hak dan kewajiban pasien pada pelayanan kesehatan dikalangan tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat dapat mengurangi resiko kasus-kasus masalah yang merugikan baik dari pasien sendiri dan juga keluarga dari pasien. Dengan adanya pemahaman atas peraturan dan hukum kesehatan mengenai hak dan kewajiban terhadap pasien maka akan membantu terciptanya sumber daya manusia yang berkhualitas baik dari kesehatan dan kesejahteraan ekonomi untuk membentuk negara dengan khualitas sumber daya manusia yang unggul.
Penyalagunaan narkoba dan pencegahan narkoba di kalangan masyarakat
Authors: Todo veronika
Published: October 2021

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Bahaya minuman beralkohol
Authors: Sejati Kevin Pramudya
Published: October 2021

Kebiasaan minum-minuman keras di kalangan remaja merupakan fenomena yang sering sekali terjadi di Indonesia. Banyak faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan mereka menghabiskan waktu luangnya untuk minum-minuman keras. Berbagai resiko dan permasalahan akan senantiasa menghadang kalangan remaja yang seharusnya mendapatkan kontrol dari orang tua maupun masyarakat. Semakin banyaknya remaja yang minum-minuman keras apabila dibiarkan tentunya akan menghambat keperibadian seseorang dan yang lebih jauh lagi perkembangann bangsa Indonesia. Karena kalangan remaja merupakan generasi penerus bangsa dan aset bangsa yang akan melanjutkan dan mengisi pembangunan bangsa Indonesia.
Assessing the evidence for asymmetrical language switch costs and reversed language dominance effects - a meta analysis
Authors: Gade Miriam
Published: October 2021

Two seemingly counterintuitive phenomena – asymmetrical language switch costs and the reversed language dominance effect – prove to be particularly controversial in the literature on language control. Asymmetrical language switch costs refer to the larger costs for switching into the dominant language compared to switching into the less dominant language, both relative to staying in either one language. The reversed language dominance effect refers to longer reaction times when in the more dominant of the two languages in situations that require frequent language switching (i.e., mixed-language blocks). The asymmetrical language switch costs are commonly taken as an index for processes of transient, reactive inhibitory language control, whereas the reversed language dominance effect is taken as an index for sustained, proactive inhibitory language control. In the present meta-analysis, we set out to establish the empirical evidence for these two phenomena using a Bayesian linear mixed effects modelling approach. Despite the observation of both phenomena in some studies, our results suggest that overall, there is little evidence for the generality and robustness of these two effects, and this holds true even when conditions – such as language proficiency and preparation time manipulations – were included as moderators of these phenomena. We conclude that asymmetrical switch costs and the reversed language dominance effect are important for theory development, but their utility for theory testing is limited due to their lack of robustness and the absence of confirmed moderatory variables.
Hak dan kewajiban Pergaulan bebas di kalangan pelajar
Authors: mandonsa Yuvensius e.s
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan:1.mengetahui penyebabnya munculnya perilaku bebas di desa masa loka kepulauwan masa loka raya babupaten bombana.2.mengetahui dapat pergaulan bebas bagi pelajar di desa masa loka kecamatan kepulauwan masa loka raya kabupaten bombana.
Hak dan Kewajiban pasien sebagai konsumen
Authors: hanief Putri ayu venty el
Published: October 2021

Masalah kesehatan fisik dan mental tentu bukan hal yang dapat dipandang sebelah mata. Apalagi hal yang menyangkut nyawa manusia. Seorang individu bila mengalami masalah kesehatan akan mempengaruhi aktifitas kehidupan sehari-hari. Rumah sakit merupakan fasilitas umum yang memberikan layanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Sebagai institusi yang di akses publik,rumah sakit sams dengan layanan publik lainnya antara penjual dan pembeli yang memiliki hak dan kewajiban. Sebagai fasilitas kesehatan,rumah sakit melayani masyarakat umum,selalu mendapat sorotan tajam dari berbagai pihak. Dalam beberapa kasus diekspos oleh media massa,bahkan acapkali menjadi trending topic. Untuk itu hadirlah hak dan kewajiban dan tanggung jawabpasien rumah sakit. Dalam bidang kesehatan hak dan kewajiban menjadi hal yang sangat penting dan muhtlak untuk di laksanakan. Mengingat kelalaian untuk memenuhi hak dan kewajiban akan menimbulkan akibat yang tidak kecil, yakni berupa tuntutan ganti kerugian ataupun dapat diduga melakukan tidak pidana yang di ancam dengan sangsi pidana seperti hukuman mati ,penjara maupun denda bahkan sanksi pencabutan hak hak yang melekat pada setiap individu tersebut. Dalam pelayanan kesehatan yang di dalamnya terkandung hubungan hukum antara dokter dan pasien dalam perjanjian terapeutik secara otomatis timbul hak dan kewajiban dokter dan pasien sebagai akibat hukum dari adanya hubungan hukum pelayanan kesehatan tersebut.
Tugas artikel Pkn
Authors: pati Nensi kareri
Published: October 2021

Banyak informasi beredar mengenai manfaat alkohol untuk kesehatan. Alkohol disebut-sebut bermanfaat bagi tubuh dan dapat menurunkan risiko beberapa penyakit tertentu. Kendati begitu, masih lebih besar dampak atau bahaya alkohol bagi kesehatan dibandingkan manfaatnya. Terlebih, jika seseorang kecanduan atau mengalami ketergantungan alkohol. Istilah yang sering digunakan untuk penyalahgunaan alkohol adalah alkoholisme.Bahaya alkohol bagi kesehatan sangat beragam. Mulai dari masalah gangguan kejiwaan hingga berbagai kerusakan organ internal tubuh, seperti, hati, jantung, pankreas, dan sistem pencernaan dapat terjadi. Bahkan, sering mengonsumsi alkohol dihubungkan dengan munculnya kanker di tubuh manusia.
Bahaya Minuman
Authors: Lende Vivian Rambu Maya
Published: October 2021

Alkohol adalah Kandungan yang ada pada minuman keras yang bila di konsumsi secara terus menerus dan dalam jumlah yang tiap harinya semakin meningkat akan mengakibatkan dampak buruk bagi kesehatan baik jasmani maupun rohani.Terutama seseorang yang sudah kecanduan karena mengonsumsinya secara berkala.Sedangkan banyak remaja diera Sekarang dengan pergaulan yang begitu mengerikan atau remaja yang masuk pergaulan yang salah menjadikan minuman keras sebagai trend yang malah menjadi suatu hal yang mereka banggakan,tanpa takut dampak dari minuman keras yang mengandung alkohol bisa menjadi masalah yang sangat mengkhawatirkan khususnya remaja yang sedang dalam fase dimana Mereke ingin tahu tentang segala hal dan merasa bahwa hal yang mereka lakukan semua karena kebanyakan di masyarakat minuman keras disalahgunakan apalagi mengonsumsinya dengan dosis atau takaran yang diluar batas yang bisa mengakibatkan seseorang mabuk dan kehilangan akal sehatnya.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Keluarga Bagi Anak Terhadap Perkembangan Anak
Authors: Hebatullah Haniefa
Published: October 2021

Keluarga merupakan suatu lembaga pendidikan pertama dan utama, yang sangat menentukan masa depan suatu kehidupan keluarga. Keluarga juga merupakan suatu wadah dan tempat untuk tumbuh dan berkembangnya anak secara keseluruhan. Dengan demikian keluarga berarti mempunyai peranan yang sangat besar dalam membentuk jiwa dan kepribadian seorang anak, karena baik buruknya pribadi dan jiwa anak sangat tergantung dari keluarga atau kedua orang tuanya. Kepribadian merupakan suatu sifat yang menjadikannya sebagai ciri tersendiri dari orang lain yang tercerminkan dari tingkah laku, cara berbicara, dan cara berfikir. Seorang anak juga memiliki Hak dalam keluarga yang harus diberikan oleh keluarga, terutama kedua orang tua.
Homer, Odiseja 23
Authors: Jovanovic Neven
Published: October 2021

A Croatian translation of Homer's Odyssey 23, in sixteen-syllable verse, with short introduction on the Odyssey, the canto, and translator's intent.
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN ADOBE FLASH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PKn
Authors: mandonsa Yuvensius e.s
Published: October 2021

This research was aim to developed
Deep learning for earthquake detection and location
Authors: Dana Saumik
Published: October 2021

Understanding the causality between the events leading to fault slip and the earthquake recording is important for seismic design and monitoring of underground structures, bridges and reinforced concrete buildings as well as climate mitigation projects like carbon sequestration and energy technologies like enhanced geothermal systems or oilfield wastewater disposal. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) reported in 2017, that earthquake losses in the United States add up to about \$6.1 billion dollars annually. This number only addresses direct economic losses to buildings, and does not cover damage and losses to critical facilities, transportation and utility lifelines or indirect economic losses. A holistic framework to study earthquakes would incorporate seismic wave propagation and pressure perturbations, and have a dialogue with the deep learning framework for earthquake detection and location. In this document, we delve into the deep learning module.
SPACE MICRO-ROBOTS
Authors: Pidvysotskyi Valentyn
Published: October 2021

The article proposes a method of dealing with space debris. This method is based on the use of a large number of controlled space micro-robots, which are moving in a retrograde near-earth orbit (towards the particles of space debris). Strategy of struggle space debris consist in targeting micro-robots at large and medium-sized objects to change their orbit (in case of a threat of collision). The task of such an impact is prevention the chain reaction of propagation of space debris because of the collision of these objects. Destruction of small particles of space debris will occur due at the expense of random collisions with micro-robots. The control system makes it possible to divert the micro-robots away from the operating spacecraft’s. In addition, each micro-robot is equipped with a self-destruct system, which helps prevent collisions with the operating spacecraft in the event of a control system failure. It is shown that the new method allows cleaning the space corridor from small particles of space debris for the safe movement of spacecraft’s in a short time and at low cost. In parallel with the elimination of space debris, the some additional possibilities of orbital grouping of micro-robots is being consider. For example, the orbital grouping of micro-robots can be used for detection and to refine the orbital characteristics of particles of space debris (i.e. perform the functions of an astronomical instrument and navigation system). Micro-robots can perform functions of orbit correction, deceleration, or acceleration of operating spacecraft. Considered the possibility of creating a fundamentally new space engine (using micro-robots as a propellant). It is shown that the new engine has high efficiency and can be used to launch spacecraft to Mars. This engine allows recycling a large number of old micro-robots (which must be removed from Earth orbit).
Soya chunks-bamboo toothpick molecular model: An Eco-friendly model for Chemistry teaching in resource-limited settings
Authors: Neupane Bhanu , Sharma Amita , Pandeya Shiva
Published: October 2021

Physical and computer models are frequently used at all levels of science teaching. In emergency and resource limited environments an affordable, easy to implement, and environmentally friendly model would be important for effective teaching. Here, we report on a homemade ball-and-stick type molecular model made from soya chunks and bamboo toothpicks. We implemented the model for high school and graduate level Chemistry teaching both in online and classroom environments. The end semester survey (n=206) showed the model is easy to use and made learning easier. Our study suggested that the model can be an effective and ecofriendly alternative to teach some of the difficult-to-understand topics in Chemistry and related disciplines in resource limited settings.
The Summer Parental Investment Gap? Socioeconomic Gaps in the Seasonality of Parental Expenditures and Time with School-Age Children
Authors: Hastings Orestes P , LaBriola Joe
Published: October 2021

Scholars have theorized how private parental investments of money and time in children may respond differentially to the loss of the public provision of schooling during the summer, based on parental socioeconomic status (SES). Importantly, the widening of SES gaps in parental investments of money and time in children during the summer could generate SES gaps in children’s learning during the summer. We investigate the seasonality of SES gaps in parental investments of both money and time using the 1996–2018 Consumer Expenditure Survey and 2003–2019 American Time Use Survey. We find SES gaps in parental investments of both money and time during the summer and SES gaps in expenditures are larger in the summer than during non-summer months. We find little evidence that these gaps have grown substantially over time, but we do find these gaps are larger for younger school-age children than for older school-age children. This research provides new evidence regarding the link between public and parental investments in children, addresses a key mechanism underlying the debate about the summer learning gap, and provides new evidence on how parents may target investments in children towards the ages when they are most consequential.
Recreational fishing on YouTube: Insights on harvesting patterns, social engagement and sentiments related to the distributional range shift of a marine invasive species
Authors: Sbragaglia Valerio , Soneira Lucía Espasandín , Coco Salvatore , Felici Alberto , Correia Ricardo A. , Coll Marta , Arlinghaus Robert
Published: October 2021

Fisheries are among the human activities that are most strongly affected by ongoing climate-related changes in the presence and abundance of fish species across the globe. The ecological and social repercussions of such changes for recreational fisheries are however still poorly understood. Here, we explore selected ecological and social dimensions of recreational angling and spearfishing targeting the bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in Italy. The bluefish has undergone a northward expansion in the region over the last 20-30 years, during which it reached new areas and increased in abundance. Using digital videos and their associated data published by recreational fishers on YouTube we characterized ecological and social dimensions using a culturomics approach. Specifically, we focused on harvesting patterns, social engagement and sentiments related to the bluefish. Our study revealed four major results: (i) similar harvesting patterns (i.e., declared mass and seasonal upload patterns) related to videos by recreational anglers and spearfishers; (ii) higher social engagement (i.e., number of views and likes) for videos by recreational anglers than spearfishers; (iii) differences in themes of discussion, with anglers being mainly interested in fishing strategy and gears and spearfishers being more interested in fishing actions shown on the videos; iv) positive and negative sentiments of both recreational anglers and spearfishers towards the invasiveness and aggressiveness of the species. The latter represents an interesting trade-off associated with recreational fishing of the bluefish: it is perceived as an invasive species, but it is also a valued fish target because its voracity contributes to the quality of the recreational fishing experience. Our study showcases the value of exploring social media and associated data to better understand the ecological and human dimensions of marine recreational fisheries in relation to distributional range shifts of species associated with climate change.
First-principles study of C cites vacancy defects in water adsorbed Graphene
Authors: Neupane Hari Krishna , Adhikari Narayan Prasad
Published: October 2021

The electronic and magnetic properties of water adsorbed graphene (wad – G), single carbon (1C) atom vacancy defects in water adsorbed graphene (1Catom-vacancy – wad – G) and double carbon (2C) atoms vacancy defects in water adsorbed graphene (2Catom-vacancy – wad – G) materials are studied by ﬁrst-principles calculations within the frame work of density functional theory (DFT) using computational tool Quantum ESPRESSO (QE) code. We have calculated the binding energy of wad – G, 1Catom-vacancy – wad – G and 2Catom-vacancy – wad – G materials, and then found that non-defects geometry is more compact than vacancy defects geometries. From band structure calculations, we found that wad – G is zero band gap semiconductor, but 1Catom-vacancy – wad – G and, 2Catom-vacancy – wad – G materials have metallic properties. Hence, zero band gap semiconductor changes to metallic nature due to C sites vacancy defects in its structures. We have investigated the magnetic properties of wad – G and its C sites vacancy defects materials by using Density of States (DOS) and Partial Density of States (PDOS) calculations. We found that wad – G is non- magnetic material. 1C atom vacancy defects in graphene surface of wad – G is induced magnetization by the re-bonding of two dangling bonds and acquiring signiﬁcant magnetic moment (0.11 µB/ cell) through remaining unsaturated dangling bond. But, 2C atoms vacancy defects in graphene surface of wad – G induced low value of magnetic moment (+0.03 µB/ cell) than 1C atom vacancy defects in structure, which is due to no dangling bonds present in the structure. Therefore, non-magnetic, wad – G changes to magnetic, 1Catom-vacancy – wad – G and, 2Catom-vacancy – wad – G materials due to C sites vacancy defects in wad – G structure. The 2p orbital of carbon atoms has main contribution of magnetic moment in defects structures.
An Experimental Study on Irradiated Interface of Silicon
Authors: Lamsal Min Raj
Published: October 2021

Atomic Force Microscopic (AFM) studies of Mega electron-volt (MeV) ions irradiated silicon surface morphology has been studied to a ﬂuence of 5 x 108 ions/cm2. Interesting features of cracks of 50 nm in depth and 100 nm in width have been observed on the irradiated surface. The features seemed to have been caused by the irradiation-induced stress in the irradiated regions of the target surface. The observed feature of crack seems to be mainly due to the high electronic energy loss of the irradiated ions on the surface that induces the stress in it. It conﬁrms that the coarseness of the microstructure of a material directly affect the mechanical properties.
Study of Dust Properties of two Far Infrared Cavities near by Asymptotic Giant Branch stars under Infrared Astronomical Satellite Maps
Authors: Tiwari M. , Gautam S.P. , Silwal A. , Subedi S. , Paudel A. , Jha A.K.
Published: October 2021

The physical properties such as dust color temperature, dust mass, visual extinction, and Planck function with their distribution in the core region of two far-infrared cavities, namely FIC16-37 (size ~ 4.79 pc x 3.06 pc) located at R.A. (J2000): 16h 33m 57.25s & Dec. (J2000): -37d 47m 04.3s, and FIC12-58 (size ~ 22.54 pc x 14.84 pc) located at R.A. (J2000): 12h 52m 50.08s & Dec. (J2000): -58d 08m 55.02s, found within a galactic plane -10o  to +10o  nearby Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars namely AGB15-38 (R.A. (J2000): 15h 37m 40.74s & Dec. (J2000): -38d 20m 24.6s), and AGB12-57 (R.A (J2000): 12h 56m 38.50s & Dec. (J2000): -57d 54m 34.70s), respectively were studied using Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) survey. The dust color temperature was found to lie in the range of 23.95 ± 0.25 K to 23.44 ± 0.27 K with an offset about 0.5 K for FIC16-37, and 24.88 ± 0.27 K to 23.63 ± 0.98 K with an offset about 1 K for FIC12-58. The low offset in the dust color temperature indicated the symmetric distribution of density and temperature. The total mass of the cavities FIC16-37 and FIC12-58 were found to be 0.053 M☉ and 0.78 M☉, respectively. The contour plots of mass distribution of both of the cavities was found to follow the cosmological principle, suggesting the homogeneous and isotropic distribution of dust masses. The plot between temperature and visual extinction showed a negative correlation, suggesting that higher temperature has lower visual extinction and vice-versa. The distribution of Planck function along major and minor diameters of both of the cavities was found to be non-uniform, indicating oscillation of dust particles to get dynamical equilibrium. It further suggested the role of pressure-driven events nearby both cavities and suggested that dust particles are not in thermal equilibrium along the diameters.
Study of noise level status at different rice mills in Surkhet Valley, Nepal
Authors: Paudel Dharma Raj , Baral Hom Nath
Published: October 2021

Noise is an unwanted sound. High-intensity noise has a detrimental effect on the health conditions. This study aims to measure noise intensity inside different rice mills in Surkhet valley. Rice mills are spread all over Nepal from village to town. They are among the noisiest environment. Twelve mills are selected at different locations inside the valley. Noise intensities are determined by using a sound-level meter and the health conditions of the workers are concluded using a questionnaire technique. The study shows that noise level status is well above the recommended level set by the World Health Organization (WHO). It also concludes statistically that high intensity of sound causes hearing problems in workers.
The concept of land use and protection in modern conditions of social development of Ukraine
Authors:   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Dorosh Y. , Ibatullin S. ,   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Barvinskyi A. ,   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Tarnopolskyi A. ,   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Sakal O. ,   Land Management Institute of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Published: October 2021

The crisis situation in the use of land resources in both agrarian and non-agrarian spheres of land use in Ukraine is stated. One of the main reasons for this situation is identified the lack of a perfect system of legal documents that would really regulate scientifically sound environmentally and economically acceptable land use. The concept of land use and protection in the conditions of development of the digital economy and society in Ukraine which can be used for development of the corresponding state target program is substantiated. The concept defines the guiding direction in the organization and implementation of processes of sustainable land use, protection of lands from depletion, degradation and pollution in market conditions with high priority of monitoring of land and land relations by automated information-analytical systems and remote sensing of the Earth. The principles and approaches to the development of the state target program of land use and protection are proposed. Options for solving the problem of ensuring the rational use and protection of land are outlined and analysed. The directions, ways, stages of realisation, innovative component and expected results and efficiency of execution of the state target program of use and protection of lands on the basis of the developed concept are defined. Keywords: land resources, rational use of land resources, land monitoring, land and soil protection measures
Theoretical features of the formation of the mechanism of regulation of land relations
Authors:   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Movchan S. , Yakunicheva A. ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Lezhenkin I. ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University, Kolomiiets S. ,   Dmytro Motornyi Tavria State Agrotechnological University
Published: October 2021

The author considers the essence of economic category of land relations and reveals the factors that determine the peculiarities of land relations in the agrarian sphere and their regulation. The article describes the model of mechanism of regulation of land relations, represented as a set of structural and functional elements (a system of legal, economic, organizational and environmental regulators and subsystems of regulatory, informational, methodological, technical, and financial support) that allow using special methods and tools to influence the subjects of land relations within the framework of implementation of state land policy in order to achieve the objectives of state management of land relations. The author notes a paradoxical situation: there are large-scale real burdens of land plots involved in the process of agricultural production, but no established servitudes due to the absence of delimitation of ownership of encumbered land plots, as well as the absence of practices for their establishment. The specificity of land servitudes in agriculture is revealed. It consists of the following elements: 1) a significant share of land servitudes appeared in the pre-reform period when state ownership of land without registration of encumbrances was dominant; 2) low level of activity of the state in initiating the processes of formation of mechanisms for official recognition of land burdens, establishment of land servitudes and implementation of mandatory servitude payments; 3) the absence of uniform methods for determining the adequate compensation for burdening of productive lands; 4) the absence of mechanisms for reinvesting funds received by land owners in the form of servitude payments in the reproduction of land resources; 5) the absence of mechanisms for receiving servitude payments for encumbering the land plots, the ownership of which is not delimited. Key words: land relations, land resources, productive lands, regulation mechanism, servitude, land servitude, servitude relations.
Features of land use optimization of water protection zones and coastal protective strips in Kyiv by the method of land management
Authors:   KP Pleso, Kravchuk T.
Published: October 2021

In the process of working on the article, the author considered the issue of establishing and ensuring compliance with the land use regime of water protection zones and coastal protection strips (on the example of the city of Kyiv). The urgency of considering this issue lies in the importance of optimizing land use as one of the most important tools to protect water bodies from technogenic and anthropogenic impacts and, in general, to improve the water-ecological situation of the hydrological regime. From which the purpose of the work follows, namely, to study the features of optimization of land use of water protection zones and coastal protection zones in Kyiv by the method of land management for the environmental safety of the city's population and public welfare in general. As a result of the research process, the theoretical basis was formed by scientific works related to the essence of the task, as well as legislative and regulatory legal acts of Ukraine on land use regulation. The information and statistical base was an extract from the scheme of planning restrictions of the General Plan of Kyiv and data of the State Service of Ukraine on Geodesy, Mapping and Cadastre, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. As a result of research, it was revealed that according to the legislation on the lands of cities and urban-type settlements, the size of the water protection zone, as well as the coastal protection zone, is established according to existing at the time of installation of a water protection zone concrete building conditions. Nevertheless, the example of the city of Kyiv shows that such information may be missing. The author describes the problematic issues of the land management process of works on establishing the boundaries of water protection zones and coastal protection zones and restrictions on the use of land and other natural resources. Expertly determined the approximate possible area, taking into account the specific building conditions and possible flooding at the maximum flood water level. The model of optimization of land use of the territorial community by means of establishment of restrictions in use of the earths and other natural resources occupied by water objects is proposed. At the same time, the model combines technological, instructional and administrative tasks of land use optimization. In addition, the optimality criteria and restrictions on the use of these criteria proposed in the model, which make it possible to unambiguously determine the location of the boundaries of water bodies and restrictions on the use of lands and other natural resources, taking into account the interests of land users and legislation. Keywords: land use optimization, water protection zones, coastal protection strips, land management process
National spatial data infrastructure (nsdi) of Ukraine: what are its actual, feasible and simultaneously "correct" models?
Authors:   Institute of geography of the National academy of sciences of Ukraine, Chabaniuk V. , Dyshlyk O. ,   “Geomatic Solutions” LLC
Published: October 2021

The actual, feasible and simultaneously "correct" models of digital NSDI of Ukraine are considered in the work. A model of the existed digital NSDI system of Ukraine is named “actual”. This model already differs from the model defined by the [1]. As the latter is unlikely to be implemented in the near future, the issue of the digital feasible NSDI model of Ukraine in the next five years, which would take into account the actual model, is especially acute. In addition to feasibility, such a model must also be "correct", what is proposed in the article. The correct is called a model, the truth of which can be established by inductive or deductive reasoning. To do this, the correct model must be formalized enough so that everyone can verify the authors’ reasoning independently. Understanding both actual and correct models of NSDI of Ukraine will help to properly organize and develop actual Spatial Infrastructure Activities (SpIA) in Ukraine, including the real[1] implementation of the [1]. Although the results of the article call into question its feasibility and substantiate an alternative viewpoint on the automation problem of NGDI/NSDI/SpIA. However, we are convinced that it is still possible to change the alternative viewpoint to a cooperative one, if by means of by-laws the models of NGDI (Law), NSDI (article) and, finally, SpIA are agreed upon To prove the "correctness" of the feasible NSDI model, the theory of Relational cartography and its two main methods are used: Conceptual Frameworks and Solution Frameworks. In addition, the correspondence between Relational cartography and Model-Based Engineering is used. Key words: NSDI; product model; process model; actual, feasible and «correct» model. [1] Real. 1. Which exists in reality, true. Is used with: reality, life, existence, conditions, circumstances, fact, danger, force, wages, income. 2. One that can be implemented, executed: a real plan, a real program, a real task, a real deadline. 3. Which is based on taking into account and assessing the real conditions of reality: a real approach, a real view, a real policy.- accessed 2021-feb-14, http://slovopedia.org.ua/32/53408/32016.html (Ukrainian).
The investigation of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring and its Relevance to Neuroethics
Authors: Sedeño Raúl
Published: October 2021

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring evaluates nervous system responses during surgery and classifies data as normal or abnormal. However it has been difficult to standardize Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring results and to link intraoperative data to post-surgical outcomes, with alert criteria and concepts that contrast through laboratories and guidelines. Clinical Randomized Trials have not been applied for investigation because of ethical issues, but still more investigation is needed. Neuroethics and Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring are related because the latter encompass patient’s post-surgical outcome and life quality. In this paper investigation methods proposed for Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring are reviewed with consequent opinions. Moreover a quasi-experimental design for investigation is proposed, which is closer to Neuroethics and patients wellbeing.
Exploratory factorial structure of the experience induced abortion
Authors: Lirios Cruz
Published: October 2021

From a review of studies on abortion, a non - random selection of 100 college students to reliability and validity eight subscales of norms, beliefs, values, perceptions, attitudes, motives, intentions and experiences concerning the request was made of assisted legal abortion. The results show that family standards affect experiences, but intentions and perceptions also impacted on them. In this regard, it is noted on the influence of more than rational support when the request for abortion, attend lectures on the subject, religious talks, consultations with experts, legal assistance procedures or curettage promoting affective processes. Such an exercise will allow to anticipate the effects of sexual health programs on student groups and the use of contraceptives.
Cystic Variation of Schwannoma in the Neck: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Pandya Jayashri
Published: October 2021

It is uncommon for schwannomas to present as neck swellings. This case presented as painless, cystic and slow growing neck swelling which was excised. Histopathology proved it to be cystic schwannoma. Cystic change occurs in only 4% of all schwannomas. The cystic change renders the schwannoma to mimic second branchial cyst on clinical and radiological examination. Although modality of treatment remains the same which is extracapsular excision, the follow up differs in terms of recurrence.
HBA1c Levels In Non-Diabetic Patients with ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction & its Correlation with Short Term Mortality
Authors: Chaudhury Arnab
Published: October 2021

Background: Elevated HBA1C level is predictive for cardiovascular disease and mortality in diabetic & also in non-diabetic patients. Aim of our study was to evaluate correlation between HBA1c on admission and short term mortality in non-diabetic patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction. Methods: 266 non-diabetic patients presenting with STEMI (within 48 hours) were included in our study. Data regarding patient characteristics were collected over 7 months. All-cause mortality data collected prospectively up to 6 months. Results: Mean HBA1C was 5.69±0.65 for the study population. HBA1C quartiles (<5, 5.1-5.5, 5.6-6, 6.1-6.4) has shown increased 6 months mortality (3%, 4.8%, 1.7%, 15.1% respectively P=0.004) with increased values. Multivariate regression analysis has shown HBA1C>6 as an independent predictor of 6 month mortality. Conclusion: A significant correlation exists between HBA1C on admission in non-diabetic patients with STEMI and 6 month all-cause mortality.
Study of Manufacturing Conditions of Medicines Derived from Traditional Pharmacopoeia in Benin and Burkina Faso
Authors: Dori D. , Ouedraogo H.W.B. , Houngue P.D. , Gbaguidi F.A. , Evrard B. , Quetin-Leclercq J. , Semdé R.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Traditional medicine has become an important component in the care system of African populations. Many products derived from it are increasingly used in the therapeutic arsenal. This work is an inventory of the production of these drugs in two countries of West Africa, Burkina Faso and Benin.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study that listed the drug manufacturing units producing medicines derived from the traditional pharmacopoeia (MDTP) identified by the health ministries in the two countries was carried out.

Results: Thirty-three production facilities, including 10 in Burkina Faso and 23 in Benin, were surveyed. Seven units surveyed in Burkina Faso and 16 in Benin were illegally installed. Only 16 of the 33 units obtain their raw materials from botanical gardens. The rest obtain theirs through picking which is not favorable to the perpetuation of the plant resource. In addition, among the 1041 MDTPs manufactured by the units surveyed, only 1.44% are registered. Finally, shortcomings in applying good practices for harvesting raw materials and manufacturing finished products were noticed.

Conclusion: Management and capacity building efforts of MDTPs production facilities by political authorities are still needed to optimize the contribution of traditional medicine to the health care of African populations.
Museums and the Pandemic, One Year On
Authors: Cobley Joanna
Published: October 2021

Written as notes from the field, this article explores the overlaps between researcher development and the idea of academic resilience within the museum and heritage studies community. During a climate of uncertainty and rapid change, it argues that alongside the academic literature, positive psychology methods transfer well into the researcher development space. Methods involved informal email conversations with museum and heritage practitioners united by how COVID-19 and border lockdown presented new opportunities to connect, share ideas, and rethink. Presented as short narratives, these findings show how researchers and practitioners in northern Europe, the United Kingdom and Canada share similar concerns to those in the southern hemisphere about climate change, equity, well-being, resilience, and sustainability. These narratives highlight the importance of encouraging critical engagement, finding ways to traverse time zones that build international networks and provide leadership opportunities for researchers at any level.
“Talking Critically Yet Harmoniously”
Authors: Academy and Consultancy Lagi-Maama
Published: October 2021

Lagi-Maama Academy & Consultancy (Lagi-Maama) is a cultural organization based in Aotearoa New Zealand that we (Toluma‘anave Barbara Makuati-Afitu and Kolokesa Uafā Māhina-Tuai) formally established in August 2018. What we do involves mediating at the intersection of Indigenous communities and institutional settings, to create a more harmonious and hoa/soa/ balanced time-space, by imbedding different ways of knowing, seeing, and doing.
Novel Reviews
Authors: Molloy Deborah Snow , Briwa Robert M.
Published: October 2021

Ann Petry, The Street (London: Virago, 2019), 416pp., £9.99 (soft back)

Luis Alberto Urrea, The Devil's Highway: A True Story (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2004), xxi +239 pp. $16.99 (paperback).
Introduction
Authors: Schweitzer Peter , Povoroznyuk Olga
Published: October 2021

This introduction attempts to situate railroads, which have rarely been the object of ethnographic attention, within current debates of anthropology and related disciplines. While mobility is certainly one dimension of human-railroad entanglements, the introduction calls to explore political, social, material, and affective lives of railroads in Europe and Asia as well. Often, connections provided by railroads are precarious at best: enveloped in state and local politics, they appear to some as promise and to others as menace. Planning, construction, decay, and reconstruction constitute the temporal and material life cycle of these infrastructures. Attending to particular ethnographic and historical contexts, the introduction aims to demonstrate how railroads, these potent symbols of modernity, continue to be good to think with.

The version of record is December 2020, though the actual publication date is May/June 202.
Connected or Traversed?
Authors: Lang Maria-Katharina , Tsetsentsolmon Baatarnaran
Published: October 2021

This article focuses on recent railway projects in Selenge and Gobi provinces in Mongolia by addressing railway plans and narratives from a historical perspective. New imaginations and expectations have arisen in connection with planned rail infrastructures such as the “Steppe Road,” which to date only exists on the papers of planners and in the minds of residents. Taking the insight by Morten Axel Pedersen and Mikkel Bunkenborg that roads may act as “technologies of distantiation,” this article further argues that railroads not only connect but also separate, traverse, and disperse. Thus, the critical question remains whether the rail system connects Mongolia or whether is it rather used as a transit zone for outside interests.
Railway Territorialities
Authors: Laszczkowski Mateusz
Published: October 2021

This article examines transportation infrastructures’ capacity to produce and transform social space through a focus on the contested history of railway development in Valsusa, Italy. I draw on participant observation and interviews with local residents and activists during ethnographic fieldwork in 2014–2015. I first describe how railways helped form modern sociality in Valsusa in the twentieth century. Subsequently, I explore contrasting topological effects of a projected high-speed rail through the valley. For planners envisioning a trans-European space of exchange, the railway is a powerful way to “shrink” space; for local residents, this implies reducing Valsusa to a traffic “corridor.” Yet their protest generates new social relations and knowledges, giving rise to a notion of “territory” as unbound and connected to a transnational space of resistance to capitalist expansion.
(Re)Constructing the Baikal-Amur Mainline
Authors: Povoroznyuk Olga
Published: October 2021

The construction of the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) in East Siberia and the Russian Far East in the 1970s and 1980s was the largest technological and social engineering project of late socialism. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the BAM was dogged by economic bust, decline, and public disillusionment. BAM-2, a recently launched state program of technological modernization, aims to complete a second railway track. The project elicits memories as well as new hopes and expectations, especially among “builders of the BAM.” This article explores continuity and change between BAM-1 and BAM-2. It argues that the reconstruction efforts of the postsocialist state are predetermined by the durability of the infrastructure as a materialization of collective identities, memories, and emotions.
Why Railroads Now?
Authors: Swanson Heather Anne
Published: October 2021

As the introduction to this special issue points out, railroads are a relatively new object of attention for anthropologists. My response dives more substantially into the question of why they are such compelling sites in this present moment. What does the growing interest in railroads—exemplified by this collection of articles—tell us about current anthropological concerns, as well as about how the discipline might further contribute to wider debates about the politics of infrastructures? The first half of this response considers railroads within academic trajectories, while the second half examines them in relation to wider environmental conversations, especially ongoing public debates about climate-friendly transit.