bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual Modeling Application in the Aircraft Emergency Evacuation Simulation Based on Virtools
Authors: Zhang Chao Ying , Liu Hu
Published: September 2013

Using interactive virtual simulation methods and combining numerical calculation software, the 3D airline emergency evacuation simulation system is established in Virtools platform according to the received data. The system takes full account of the passengers' individual differences during the evacuation process, setting up different member parameters, which influence the passengers evacuation behavior. In order to fulfill the different types of evacuation requirements in various simulation, it can change evacuation path algorithm, cabin layout data and evacuees component parameters, to get the corresponding evacuation simulation results. Meanwhile, the system interface can change visual angle to realize human-machine interaction freely and reflect the evacuation of the evacuation process accurately. Also the reliability of the system simulation result is verified by compared with the results of actual certification trial.
Some Properties and a Characterization of Two-Directional Scaling Function
Authors: Li Wan She , Hu Ting Ting
Published: September 2013

in this paper, we denote two direction MRA and two direction scaling function in with dilation factor 2, discuss the proposition of two direction scaling function, give a necessary and sufficient condition for a function to be a two direction scaling function.
Modified Iterative Sphere Decoding Algorithm in LTE System
Authors: Zhu Qin , Li Xiao Wen
Published: September 2013

In the long-term evolution (LTE) system, channel equalization makes compensation to restore the original signal, the paper puts forward iteration sphere decoding algorithm which combines traditional sphere decoding and the improved QR based on the conventional QR decomposition detection algorithm. It can effectively reduce the system complexity. At the same time, in QPSK and 16QAM, the simulation results show that the improved QR iterative sphere decoding algorithm performance is better with higher SNR in AWGN channel.
The Video Encryption Scheme Based on Perceptual Encryption Algorithm in H.264 Standards
Authors: Zhang Xue Yan , Deng Hu Chao , Chen Liang Wei
Published: September 2013

To meet the requirement of multimedia video transmission's safety and real-time, this paper provides a conclusion based on video encryption schemes of the encryption algorithm. The solution sorts video data into VLC(variable length code) and FLC(fix-length code) ,only choose to reconstruction images FLC compared to encrypt the important element of the operation. The analysis and the simulation results show that the encryption scheme is not only high safety but also low cost system.
Stepping Experiment Analysis of a Biaxial Piezoelectric Actuated Stage
Authors: Mou Shann Chyi , Zhuang Yu Ren
Published: September 2013

In this research, our research team used the self-designed piezoelectric actuator to achieve the micro/nanometer level precise positioning biaxial piezoelectric actuated stage through the redesign of stage mechanism. A novel piezoelectric actuator structure - 4-9-9-14 piezoelectric actuator is constructed, and it is made of piezoelectric buzzer to drive the stage. The movement of the piezoelectric actuated stage is read and analyzed by means of NI PCI-6115 data acquisition card and LabVIEW software operating in conjunction with a linear encoder. The new consideration of tuning time Tonis used to place of traditional method of changing the magnitude of driving voltage to control the stepping distance of the stage. Under a constant driving voltage, the displacement of the stage increases with time Ton, and the displacement of the stage decreases with time Ton. The aforesaid phenomenon occurs to leftward or rightward movement of the upper stage and forward or backward movement of the lower stage. Given a constant time Ton, the displacement of the stage in motion decreases with the driving voltage, and the displacement of the stage in motion increases with the driving voltage.
Regularization Method for Complete Singular Integral Equation with Hilbert Kernel on Open Arcs
Authors: Cao Li Xia
Published: September 2013

We considered the regularization method for a kind of complete singular integral equation with Hilbert kernel on open arcs lying in a period strip. And based on this, we obtained the solvable Noether theorem for this kind of complete singular integral equations.
Aadptive Subcarrier Allocation for Multiple Cognitive Users over Fading Channels
Authors: Xu Xiao Rong , Huang Ai Ping , Bao Jian Rong , Shan Hang Guan
Published: September 2013

In Cognitive Radio Network (CRN), where Primary User (PU) and multiple Secondary Users (SUs) wish to communicate with their corresponding receivers simultaneously over fading channels, spectrum utilization and efficient resource allocation are both significant points for CRN. Interference between PU and SUs should be eliminated in order to realize spectrum sharing. Multi-user resource allocation with the target of maximizing the spectral efficiency of SUs and satisfying the proportional rate constraint between SUs are proposed under the conditions of total SU interference constraint. An adaptive low-complexity suboptimal algorithm for subcarrier and power joint allocation is presented based on Rate Adaptive (RA) criterion, where adaptive subcarrier allocation is performed by assuming equal power distribution, while each subcarrier is assigned in accordance with subcarrier efficiency function. Moreover, linear water-filling algorithm for power allocation is applied within each subcarrier. Simulation results indicate that, with the proposed adaptive subcarrier allocation, spectral efficiency of multiple SUs is superior to traditional subcarrier power joint allocation algorithm. Low computational complexity and adaptive features make it available for implementation.
A Method for Ranking Battlefield Damaged Equipment Repairs Based on Projection Pursuit Method
Authors: Wang Xiao Yan , Shi Tao , Dong Yu Cai , Zheng Su Wen , Zheng Dong Yun , Pan Xue Qin , Du Jian , Jin Qi
Published: September 2013

The key impact indicators of battlefield damage equipment repair order are transformed into one-dimensional projection values with the method of projection pursuit. The repair order of battlefield damage equipment is got and weights of all key performance indicators are clear. The example is applied to explain application effect of this method. The experiment shows that the method is easy to decision-making, strong objectivity, applicability and operability, has great significance to enhance the combat effectiveness of troops.
Parallel Ant System Based on OpenMP
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Hui Ling , Li Xu , Zhang Yong Hua , Wang Hao
Published: September 2013

To overcome the limitation of precocity and stagnation in classical ant colony algorithm, this article presents a Parallel Ant System Based on OpenMP. The ant colony is divided into three children ant colonies according to the characteristics of natural ant colony multi-group and pheromone updating features of ant colony algorithm. By Open Multi-Processing parallel programming idea, the parallel and cooperating optimization of children ant colonies was obtained. It organically combines local search and global search, makes full use of computing power of multi-core CPU, and improves the efficiency significantly. Contrastive experiments show that the algorithm has a better capability of global optimization than traditional ant colony algorithm.
Improved Fuzzy FCM-LI Algorithm
Authors: Hou Li Bo
Published: September 2013

Fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is one of the widely applied algorithms in non-supervision of pattern recognition. However, FCM algorithm in the iterative process requires a lot of calculations, especially when feature vectors has high-dimensional, Use clustering algorithm to sub-heap, not only inefficient, but also may lead to "the curse of dimensionality." For the problem, This paper analyzes the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm in high dimensional feature of the process, the problem of cluster center is an np-hard problem, In order to improve the effectiveness and Real-time of fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm in high dimensional feature analysis, Combination of landmark isometric (L-ISOMAP) algorithm, Proposed improved algorithm FCM-LI. Preliminary analysis of the samples, Use clustering results and the correlation of sample data, using landmark isometric (L-ISOMAP) algorithm to reduce the dimension, further analysis on the basis, obtained the final results. Finally, experimental results show that the effectiveness and Real-time of FCM-LI algorithm in high dimensional feature analysis.
Image Registration Based on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Tian Ying , Ma Hao Di
Published: September 2013

Image registration is an important technology in image processing and computer vision, ant colony algorithm search for the optimal registration parameters in image registration has a strong global optimization ability, but the final search to the accuracy of the registration parameters and search for a very long time. in this paper an improved ant colony algorithm is presented to improve the registration accuracy by the original ant colony algorithm and simplex algorithm has a strong local optimization, improved ant colony algorithm heuristic function in order to improve the convergence speed; Finally, the improved ant colony algorithm combined with multi-resolution registration strategy to reduce the time of image registration. The experimental results show that compared with the original ant colony algorithm, an improved ant colony algorithm can effectively improve the image registration accuracy, and can reduce the number of convergence of the algorithm.
Study on Roundness Error Evaluation with Least-Squares Method Based on Nonlinear Optimization
Authors: Liu Zhen Tao , Yang Jian Xin , Zhao Ben
Published: September 2013

Roundness error evaluation software is developed based on two-dimensional circle fitting with least-squares method based on nonlinear optimization with constraints. The local derivative-free optimization algorithms of NLopt can solve nonlinear constraint problems by combining with augmented Lagrangian algorithm. The fitting precision and convergence time of each algorithm are analyzed by calculating the fitting results with same test data to find its advantages and disadvantages. It is shown that each algorithm has different behaviors from others on performance and stability. This work provides a good basis for choosing the appropriate algorithm for roundness error evaluation.
Solutions for a Class of the Exponential Diophantine Equation
Authors: Ran Yan Ping
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we study the Diophantine equation . By using the elementary method and algebaic number theroy , we proved that this equation has no integer soution.
The Application of Open Scene Graph Technology in Visualization of Aircraft Route Planning
Authors: Hu Chao Jiang
Published: September 2013

Firstly, it was studied about how to build three dimensional digital earth with Open Scene Graph (OSG) technology. Then the methods and steps of drawing three dimensional flight route of an aircraft and making an aircraft fly along flight route planed in the digital earth with OSG were studied and put forward. Finally software was written in VC++ based on the methods and steps given in this paper. The running results of the software show that it is very convenient to make flight route of an aircraft visualize with OSG technology, and it is very useful to improve efficiency to plan flight route of an aircraft.
Modeling and Proof of a File System Based on Micro-Kernel
Authors: Tang Hong Ying , Qian Zhen Jiang , Huang Hao
Published: September 2013

As the manager of the data stored in the disk, the security of the file system is an important aspect of the operating system. Given the high logicalness and unambiguousness of the formal methods, also the module independence of the micro-kernel, this paper abstracts a formal model from the file system implementation based on micro-kernel, and then gives the axiomatic semantics of the initialization; finally, gives the correctness assertions of file system initialization, then verify the correctness of the formal model of file system aided with Isabelle/HOL.
The Effects of Medium and Heavy Plate Manufacture Plan on Mill Pacing
Authors: Zhang Qing Xin , Zhou Chang , Tao Yong
Published: September 2013

The paper is in the context of a plate milling system in Baosteel. Extracting the rolling data of plate, and according to the different order of plates out-stove, by determining the contiguous plates out-stove time interval and calculating the rolling time, we could judge the arrangement plan of manufacture plan in a roll changing period to achieve optimize mill pacing. On this basis, the paper puts forward a calculation method of the contiguous plates out-stove time, and proposes a series of suggestions to optimize the manufacture plan. It provides helpful practical experience to the mill pacing research.
The Platform Designing of Resources Construction Based on Virtual Synergistic Technology
Authors: Chen Mei Fang , Li Yan , Tu Wei
Published: September 2013

As the development of synergistic technology application into educational fields, synergistic learning and synergistic working have been hot spots. The article discussed the Synergistic technology. It adopted the concept on Resources Constructing Based on Synergistic Technology, and analyzed the standpoint of resources characteristic and the need of resources construction. The platform of Resources Construction Based on Virtual Synergistic Technology designed is made up of resources constructing, managing and applying. And the resources construction system contains the team of construction, distance synergism & control and constructional pool.
A Research of 3D Industrial Land Information Management System Based on Stamp Platform – A Case Study of Jintan County
Authors: Chen Jian Zhong , Gui Wei Hua , Wang Tie Cheng
Published: September 2013

Facing the fact that industrial land has a large fraction of state-owned construction land, and the critical problem of the inefficient use of industrial land, it is of great realistic meaning to establish 3D Industrial Land Information System as an auxiliary tool for decision-makers to improve the level of economized and intensive land utilization. In this paper, DOM and DEM of Jintan County were used as background data to generate current 2D industrial land use data; combining with the data of building height, a 3D model was implemented dynamically through the Stamp 3D platform. In this system, land parcels were analyzed through factors like floor area ratio (FAR) and building density, and comprehensive information of land parcels could also be manifested in 3D scenes, thus help decision-makers to dispose the low-efficient industrial land.
Teaching Reform and Practice of Computer Control System
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Feng , Zheng Chuan Lin
Published: September 2013

Computer Control Systems course is a key course for undergraduates majored in Automation in Southwest University of China. Some problems exist in the teaching process. Problems were listed and analyzed in detail. To solve problems and improve teaching quality, traditional teaching was reformed and new methods were introduced for course teaching. These methods were put into practice in the teaching process. The result shows that the teaching reform of the course helps to solve some problems; undergraduates devote into learning more than before; and the operation ability and innovation consciousness of the students are improving.
Research on the Performance Optimization of Massive Data Query Based on the Index
Authors: Wang Peng , Tian Ai Xue
Published: September 2013

The explosive growth in data quantity today, massive data query performance is good or bad becomes important. In order to avoid system response time is long, wasted resources from happening. We are actively exploring methods and strategies to make massive data query performance optimization. Massive data query performance optimization is a systematic project, involving many aspects, in which the index plays an important role. This article obtains from the index, based on Oracle, the paper analyzes the structure of B-tree index, the way of data scanning, as well as how to correctly use the index and rely on the index attribute to optimize massive data query performance.
A Function Level Randomization Technique to Mitigate ROP Attacks
Authors: Xiao Liang , Zhan Xun , Zheng Tao
Published: September 2013

ROP (Return-Oriented Programming) is a kind of attack technique which makes use of the existing binary code of target systems. ASLR (Address Space Layout Randomization) is widely used to protect systems from buffer-overflow attacks by introducing artificial diversity to software. With ASLR software can be immune from ROP attacks to some extent. Due to the fact that ASLR cant randomize base addresses of executables code segments and its utility on 32-bit architectures is limited by the number of bits available for address randomization, attackers can successfully exploit a target system by using brute force in limited time. Thus, we proposed FLR, a function level randomization technique to mitigate ROP attacks. FLR randomly permutes functions in executables, making attackers assumptions on executables incorrect. We implemented a prototype of FLR and randomized ten executables. ROP attacks succeeded without FLR and failed with FLR.
Spindle Thermal Analysis of CNC Milling Machine
Authors: Nie Xue Jun
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the spindles thermal characteristics of CNC milling machine in steady state and transient state are analyzed by using ANSYS, the temperature field and thermal deformation field are obtained. After a number of tests are done in different working conditions, the temperature and thermal deformation changes of spindle are measured in every working condition. Combing the FEM analysis with tests results, the thermal deformation of spindle from starting to reach thermal balance on CNC milling machine is discussed, some suggestions are presented to improve the process precision of CNC milling machine.
The Integration of Mobile Internet and Broadband Network Based on ID/Locator Separation
Authors: Huo Long She , Zhang Long
Published: September 2013

New broadband mobile IP bearing network technologies based on ID/Locator separation solve the four questions security, mobility, routing scalability and network integration. As the main direction of mobile Internet and telecom broadband network integration, the research of the overall architecture and key evaluation methods of the mobile Internet and broadband network integration is used to guide other research directions. This article reviews the related studies of the integration and evolution, as well as the related key technologies and new equipment/system, to development the application platform and construction to complete scientific research achievements of the ground and presentation.
The Research and Implementation of XBRL Data Service Platform
Authors: Yu Bao , Xiao Jun , Wang Ying
Published: September 2013

As there is no convenient and custom XBRL data service in the present market, in this article we designed the XBRL Data Service Platform in the perspective that a computer application can get the needed XBRL data conveniently. The platform parses the XBRL taxonomy and instance first, and then store the XBRL data in the combination of relational database and file system. The platform is designed in 3-tier architecture to provide data service. The work of Data Access Tier and Model Tier is to query and encapsulate the XBRL data; the Business Logical Tier is to complete the main logical work, to invoke the Data Access Tier to get the data, and then assembly and serialize the data, and return the result to the View Tier at last; View Tier opens the API list to public as web service, users may invoke the interface with an application. The test work shows that XBRL Data Service Platforms interface is simple and definite, and its function to get XBRL data is powerful. With the platform users can get both the specific XBRL data segments and the complete XBRL files as their needs. Furthermore, all the data requests are completed in a short response time.
Conceiving on Construction for E-Government Purchasing Platform Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Xie Xiao Peng , Li Yun Yi , Gao Lun
Published: September 2013

In IT field, there is one kind of way to realize the resource sharing quickly, cheap, scientifically and dynamically, this is cloud computing. Various departments and organizations can easily realize the E-government purchasing function by employing the cloud computing, and the cost for construction and operating of E-government purchasing platform will sharply be reduced, the cloud computing will bring new technical revolution for E-government purchasing construction. The construction of E-government purchasing platform is proposed to be discussed in this paper based on cloud computing according to advantage of cold computing and in combination with the characteristic of government purchasing.
Research on PHP Agile Development Framework
Authors: Tian Kun , Wang Chong Wen
Published: September 2013

After analysis and comparison on the existing PHP frameworks, a PHP Agile development framework based on the MVC pattern has been proposed which is simple, efficient, and easy to learn, develop and operate. It has a unique entrance designed to facilitate the reunification process and the system overall management, to prevent the site exposure much and reduce the security risks. We present some highly efficient improvement for every layer of the MVC model, and we will give the detailed introduction about the improvement approaches in this paper.
Study on the Coal Mine Emergency Rescue Information Management System Based on WEBGIS
Authors: Wu Bing , Lei Bo Wei , Yu Zhen Jiang , Zhao Zhi Yan , Guo Zhi Guo
Published: September 2013

Based on the actual needs of the national mine emergency rescue base, WebGIS is introduced to the mine rescue and combined with the emergency rescue process to develop the coal mine emergency rescue management information system. This article introduces the systems compositions and relationships, identifies the needs and functional requirements of the system,designs the overall architecture of the system and each subsystem, and sets up the database according to the system functions. At present, the system has been applied to the emergency rescue base. The results indicate that the system can provide technical supports for the emergency rescue effectively.
Treatment and Research of Massive Data Mining Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Wang Peng , Wang Jia Nan , Ba Ji Ci , Tan Yu
Published: September 2013

This paper introduces SPRINT algorithm optimized in the Hadoop core framework. Combing the data mining process, we will study the cloud computing in the MapReduce programming model, then improve and optimize the SPRINT algorithm in conjunction with the mode, transplant the optimized algorithm to Hadoop platform for distributed data processing.
Structure Design of a Novel Biaxial Piezoelectric Actuated Stage
Authors: Mou Shann Chyi
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a disk piezoelectric actuator structure - 4-9-9-14 piezoelectric actuator is constructed, and it is made of piezoelectric buzzer to drive a novel biaxial piezoelectric actuated stage. The 4-9-9-14 piezoelectric actuator offers a better balanced capability of forward rotation and reverse rotation than the conventional edge-driving piezoelectric actuator. The biaxial piezoelectric actuated stage structure comprises a base, a V-shaped guide rail, an optical scale measurement system, a preload adjusting structure, and a load-carrying stage. The movement of a stage is read and analyzed by means of LabVIEW operating in conjunction with an optical scale. Stage movement-related signals read by the optical scale are processed. With a human-machine interface of LabVIEW, the movement of the stage is depicted by a waveform chart to thereby facilitate the observation of the waveform chart and the understanding of propulsion of the stage by the actuator.
Text Extraction from Complex Background Images
Authors: Liu Chao , Da Fei Peng , Wang Chen Xing
Published: September 2013

The rapid development of internet technology leads to an effective way to share ideas with digital information. Extracting text information from digital information especially complex background images has become increasingly important due to the demand of text understanding. In this paper, we propose a k-means clustering based method for text extraction. After locating text regions with the corner detection, an improved k-means algorithm is adopted to extract text from complex background. Experiment results show the high performance of the presented method.
Influence of Source - Substrate Distance of Cu4SnS4 Thin Films Grown by Co-Evaporation
Authors: Vani Vummadi Prapulla Geetha , Reddy Minnam Reddy Vasudeva , Reddy K. T. Ramakrishna
Published: September 2013

Copper tin sulphide (Cu4SnS4) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by the thermal co-evaporation technique by varying the source - substrate distance (SSD) in the range, 10 25 cm at a constant substrate temperature of 400°C. The influence of SSD on the chemical as well as physical properties of as-grown Cu4SnS4films was investigated. The EDS analysis revealed that the evaporated films are stoichiometric at a SSD of 20 cm. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of Cu4SnS4phase in the layers following the orthorhombic crystal structure. The films showed a strong (311) peak as the preferred orientation. The evaluated crystallite size of the films decreased with the increase of SSD. From the SEM analysis, it was observed that needle like grains were distributed on the surface of the substrate and its size decreased with increasing SSD. The energy band gap was estimated using the optical transmittance data that varied in the range, 1.25 1.34 eV with the change of SSD.
Simulation and Hardware and Implementation of Directly Coupled Four Phase Interleaved Boost Converter for Fuel Cells
Authors: Tamilarasi M. , Seyezhai R.
Published: September 2013

Fuel cell is one of the promising renewable and sustainable power sources because of its high power density and very low emission. In order to design a highly efficient fuel cell power system, a suitable DC-DC converter is required. In this paper, a four-phase directly coupled Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC) for fuel cell is proposed. A four-phase structure with interleaved control is proposed to reduce the input current ripples, the output voltage ripples, and the size of passive components with high efficiency compared with the other topologies. Mathematical analysis of overall current ripple, design of inductance and other components is investigated. Simulation study of the proposed converter interfaced with fuel cells is carried out using MATLAB. A prototype is built using MOSFET to validate the simulation results.
Development and Field Test Performance of a Non-Conventional Unidirectional Co-Axial Two Series Rotors Micro Wind Turbine
Authors: Kale Sandip A. , Sapali S.N.
Published: September 2013

The technology of harnessing wind energy through traditional three-bladed large wind turbines is in mature state. There are many disputes about the performance and availability of power output of the small wind turbines. The small wind turbines need improvement in technology for low speed starting behavior, enhancement in coefficient in performance, assured power output in low wind region. This work consists of development and field test performance of a non-conventional unidirectional co-axial two series rotors micro wind turbine to supply electricity for rural population. The unidirectional co-axial series rotor wind turbine consists of small rotors to replace a big rotor, mounted on a tilted long driveshaft at appropriate distances to face fresh wind, coupled to a direct drive generator. The developed turbine consists of two rotors, placed at suitable interval to avoid the wake effect. This work also includes field test performance and its analysis.
Cost Effective Wind Energy Conversion Scheme Using Self-Excited Induction Generator
Authors: Subramanian K. , Sabberwal S.P.
Published: September 2013

This paper describes a laboratory model of a wind energy conversion scheme (WECS) using conventional cage rotor type induction motor of 3Hp, 3-Ø, 415V, 4.9A, 1440 rpm. A 220V, 20A separately excited motor coupled with the induction motor emulates the wind turbine characteristics. A 3-Ø, 415 V capacitor bank of 150μF is connected in each phase across the stator terminals of the machine for its self-excitation. As soon as rotor speed exceeds synchronous speed of the machine, it will generate electrical power and reach its rated value. This arrangement is called as self-excited induction generator (SEIG). To control the frequency of generated voltage, load-balancing technique is considered by using a three-phase diode rectifier powering to an additional load (dump load) through a d.c chopper circuit. Static reactive volt-ampere compensator (STATCOM) is used to mitigate the load reactive power requirement indeed magnetic reactance changes in the machine. Owing to cost optimization of STATCOM, additional reactor is connected across the stator terminals of the SEIG. Simulation study is completed using power system toolbox Matlab / Simulink version9.0. Experimental and simulation results are presented.
Comparison of Performance and Emission Characteristic of Tamanu, Mahua and Pongamia Biodiesel in a Di Diesel Engine
Authors: Parthasarathy M. , Lalvani J. Isaac Joshua Ramesh , Parthiban B. , Annamalai K.
Published: September 2013

Random extraction and consumption of fossil fuels have leads to a reduction in petroleum reserves. As for as developing countries like India is connected the need to search for alternative fuels is most urgent as India is heavily dependent upon the import of petroleum to meet its demands for automotive and power sectors. This has inspired curiously in alternative sources for petroleum based fuels. An alternative fuel must be economically competitive and environmentally acceptable. India has great potential for production of biofuels like Biodiesel from vegetable seeds. In the quest to find an alternative to the existing diesel and petrol fuels various Biodiesel and alcohol has been tried and tested in the Internal Compression engine. In this direction, an attempt has been made to investigate the performance and emission characteristic of Biodiesels and compare it with diesel. The Biodiesels considered are Tamanu, Mahua and Pongamia were tested with four stroke diesel engine. A drastic improvement in reduction of Hydrocarbon (HC) and Carbon monoxide (CO) were found for Biodiesels at high engine loads. Smoke and Nitrogen oxides (NOx) were slightly higher for Biodiesels. Biodiesels exposed similar combustion stages to diesel fuel. Therefore use of transesterified vegetable oils can be partially substituted for the diesel fuel at most operating conditions in term of the performance parameters and emissions without any engine modification.
Modeling of Photovoltaic Array and Simulation of MPPT Algorithm
Authors: Rohini G. , Jamuna Venkatesan , Abirami M. , Ramprakash R.
Published: September 2013

Maximum power point tracking techniques are used in photovoltaic systems to make best use of the photovoltaic array output power. Maximum power point depends on the temperature and irradiance conditions. Perturb and observe method is considered here. This method is widely used because of its low-cost and ease of implementation. The simulation of photovoltaic array modeling & Perturb & Observe method have been carried out in this paper.
Effects of Compression Ratio on Performance and Emission of Internal Combustion Engine with Used Vegetable Oil Methyl Easter
Authors: Balakrishnan N. , Mayilsamy K. , Nedunchezhian N.
Published: September 2013

Biomass derived vegetable oil is a promising alternative fuel for an internal combustion engine. Direct use of vegetable oil has inferior performance with higher emission due to its higher viscous in nature. This can be overcome by transesterification process with its byproduct which is called as used vegetable oil methyl ester. While blending this biodiesel with fossil diesel upto maximum of 30:70, will give the higher performance and lower emission than the fossil diesel alone. In this present study biodiesel in the form of B23 is used in a four stroke water cooled variable compression ratio engine without any modifications. The performance and emission characteristics are studied with different compression ratio and compared with a base line fossil diesel mode operation. This study reveals that the compression ratio of 18 is the optimum in the view of ignition delay, maximum pressure crank angle, exhaust gas temperature and Smoke emission.
Experimental Studies on Performance and Emission Analysis in Diesel Engine Using Bio-Fuel (Neem Oil)
Authors: Kanthavelkumaran N. , Seenikannan P.
Published: September 2013

In present scenario Bio-fuel act as the major role in todays fuel compensation. In India Neem tree is a broadly grown up termed as a divine tree due to its large revalance in many areas of study. The current research study is projected to consider aspect related to the possibility of preparation of Biodiesel from Neem oil. This research deals with Biodiesel preparation from neem oil, which is mono ester prepared using transesterification process. Biodiesel is a safe substitute fuel to replace established petroleum diesel. It has maximum lubricity is a clean burning fuel and can be a fuel component for use in existing unmodified diesel engine. Neem (Azadirachita Indica) is a tree. Various habitual uses of pure neem oil in agriculture, medicine, etc. Neem oil has natural fungicidal, pesticidal, and medicinal properties. Neem a natures gift it categorized in to non edible oil and mainly used in medicine and cosmetic product. Biodiesel has been gaining increased concentration from Internal Combustion Engine researcher in observation of the energy crisis and increasing environmental problems. Neem oil is being considered for biodiesel and more research is being done in this area and also lot of research going on. Biodiesel designed for complete compatibility with petroleum diesel and can be blended in any ratio from additive levels to 100% Biodiesel. The fuel properties of biodiesel including kinematic viscosity and acid value were checked. The engine power and pollutant emissions characteristics under different biodiesel percentages were also studied. Experiments demonstrated in the single cylinder diesel engine that the biodiesel produced using neem oil could reduce smoke and Carbon monoxide emissions, extensively while the NOx emission changed a little. Thus, the ester of this oil can be used as eco-friendly substitute fuel for (C I) diesel engine.
A Review of Mathematical Models for Performance Analysis of Hybrid Solar Photovoltaic - Thermal (PV/T) Air Heating Systems
Authors: Baskar P. , Edison G.
Published: September 2013

In recent years, many researches are being carried out on the integration of solar thermal systems with solar photovoltaic modules in many countries for heat generation along with electricity generation. The electrical energy generated by the solar PV modules is utilized for the operation of fan. The hybrid solar photovoltaic - Thermal (PV/T) technology provides an opportunity to enhance the electrical and thermal performances. This paper deals with analysis of various parameters which affect the electrical and thermal performances of different types of hybrid solar photovoltaic - Thermal (PV/T) air heating systems. These systems deliver more useful energy per unit area of the heater than that of individual solar PV and solar thermal systems and can be used for preheating the air for many applications such as drying of agricultural products, space heating and industrial process heating. The performance comparisons among the various models reveal that the model III in which the air flows above and below the absorber plate is most suitable for converting the solar energy into high quality electrical energy and low quality heat energy.
Analysis of Three Port Full Bridge and Half Bridge DC-DC Converter Interfacing Renewable Energy System
Authors: Venmathi M. , Ramaprabha R.
Published: September 2013

This paper presents the comparative dynamic analysis of full bridge and half bridge three port dc-dc converter topology interfacing the renewable energy sources along with the energy storage devices. The three port converter comprises the active bridge circuit and the three winding transformer. It uses single power conversion stage with high frequency link to control power flow between the batteries, load and the renewable energy sources. The power flow between the ports is controlled by phase shifting the square wave outputs of the active bridges in combination with pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. The analysis reveals that the battery discharges when the source is not sufficient to supply the load and it was charged when the source alone is capable of supplying the load. Hence there is a bidirectional power flow in the storage port when there is a transition in the source.
Analysis and Stability Enhancement of DG Sourced Power System with Modified AVR and PSS
Authors: Sivakumar P. , Birindha C.
Published: September 2013

Distribution system is facing stability issues with integration of distributed generators and controllers. This proposed method presents the stability of renewable energy based distribution system with varying energy source considering intermittent nature of wind and solar energy using probabilistic approach. The system is supplied by conventional and distributed generating sources like PV and wind. Monte Carlo approach is used for predicting the wind and solar power uncertainties. Proposed work explains both small signal stability and transient stability enhancement of DG sourced power system with power system stabilizer and automatic voltage regulator .It is carried out in is 4 machine 10 bus system. The initial simulation has been carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Reliability Improvement in a Radial Distribution System Using DG
Authors: Singh Sitan Kumar , Sattianadan D. , Sudhakaran M.
Published: September 2013

Reliability analysis plays a very vital role in designing and planning of radial distribution systems that operate for minimal interruption of customer loads. The Distributed Generation (DG) in a radial distribution network has been slowly increasing for the last few years due to advancement of technologies and institutional changes in the electric power industry. This paper presents a reliability analysis for large scale, radial (with respect to substation) and reconfigurable electrical distribution systems. This paper evaluates the improvement in reliability over a time varying load curve.
Optimum Allocation of Distributed Generation Based on Nodal Pricing for Profit and Social Welfare Maximization
Authors: Biswal Bishnupriya , Sattianadan D. , Sudhakaran M. , Dash Subhransu Sekhar
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a method using nodal pricing for optimal allocating distribution generations (DG) for profit maximization, reduction of loss in distribution network along with social welfare maximization. Inclusion of distributed generation (DG) resources in power system changes the power flows and the magnitude of network losses at the distribution side. A detailed analysis has been simulated in MATLAB with 33 bus distribution system. The Genetic algorithm optimization is used in this work to find optimal location and size of DG in radial distribution system. Applying nodal pricing to a model distribution network, it shows significant price differences between buses reflecting high marginal losses and by finding optimal size of DG maximizes the profit of distribution companies that use DG in their networks for obtaining multiple benefits.
Analysis of Full Bridge Series Parallel Resonant Converter for Battery Chargers
Authors: Rani M. Santhosh , Samantaray Julie , Dash Subhransu Sekhar
Published: September 2013

This paper presents a novel application of full-bridge series parallel resonant converter (FBSPRC) for dc source and secondary battery interface. Secondary batteries has been widely used in the application of residential, industrial and commercial energy storage systems because of its low energy conversion loss, which enhances the systems overall efficiency. A series parallel loaded resonant converter (SPRC) which is a subset of DC-DC converter can be operated with either zero-voltage turn-on (above resonant frequency) or zero current turn off (below resonant frequency) to eliminate the turn on and turn-off losses of the semiconductor devices. This converter is widely used to achieve reduction in size of the passive components of the converter such as inductor, capacitor and transformers. Simulation results based on a 12V 45Ah battery charger are proposed to validate the analysis and to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. Satisfactory performance is obtained from the measured results. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the chosen battery charger.
Structural Analysis of a Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: Benham A. , Thyagarajan K. , John Sylvester J. , Prakash S.
Published: September 2013

Wind turbines blades of propeller type are made according to various blade profiles such as NACA, LS, and LM. There are many factors for selecting a profile. One significant factor is the chord length, which depend on various values throughout the blade. In this work a NACA 4412 profile was created using DESIGN FOIL software to obtain the coordinates of a wind turbine blade in PRO/E. Aerodynamic analysis was done on the created design. Maximum lift to drag ratio was calculated by varying angle of attack of the blade. To find a suitable composite for wind turbine blade, Modal and Static analysis were performed on the modified design using Carbon fiber, E-Glass, S-Glass and Kevlar fiber composites in ANSYS APDL 12.0 software.
Application of Particle Swarm Optimization Technique for the Design of Maximum Power Point Tracking
Authors: Venugopalan Rini , Krishnakumar Neeraja , Sarjila R. , Rajasekar N.
Published: September 2013

The generation of electricity from solar energy has gained worldwide acceptance and serves as a critical objective for the future due to its abundance and eco-friendly nature. However, the output power extracted from solar PV module varies based on the variation in environmental conditions such as irradiance, temperature, shadow etc. Therefore, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms are implemented for the proper utilization of the available photovoltaic energy. This paper proposes an algorithm using Particle Swarm Optimization technique which involves a simple and effective method to calculate the required duty cycle. The key feature of this method is its ability to track the maximum power accurately with almost zero steady state oscillations which in turn improves the performance of the tracking system. The effectiveness of this algorithm has been evaluated under uniform change in environmental conditions in MATLAB/SIMULINK. Moreover, superiority of the proposed method is verified by comparing its results with the conventional algorithms such as Hill Climbing and Incremental Conductance in terms of tracking speed and steady state oscillations.
Application of Wind Energy Source to Large Scale Desalination System Prefeasibility Analysis-Investigation of Wind Power Potential in Coastal Areas of Tamilnadu
Authors: Saravana B. Shanthi , Rajini V.
Published: September 2013

The total power demand in our country is increasing every year because of the increasing population. Conventional energy sources are limited by the constraints such as emission of CO2, increasing price of oil etc. To increase the power generation we need to go for non conventional energy sources among which wind energy is available in abundance. This paper discusses the possibility of using wind energy for the stand alone large scale applications eliminating the constraints on the grid connection. This is the pre feasibility study of wind power generation by analyzing the daily wind patterns in the coastal areas. This forms a good base for analyzing the feasibility of standalone wind system to large scale applications. HOMER software is used as an optimization tool. From the results Chennai has better energy density and Tutukurin has higher capacity factor. The study makes it feasible to next step in analyzing the feasibility of implementing a standalone desalination unit in coastal regions of Tamilnadu.
Performance Analysis of Flat Plate Solar Water Heater by Changing the Heat Pipe Material
Authors: Sivakumar P. , Raj W. Christ , Malathi N. Jaya , Balakrishnan S.
Published: September 2013

Heating of water for domestic purpose is simple and effective way of utilizing solar energy. Though the initial cost of solar water heating system is high, the maintenance cost and zero green energy cost. To overcome the problem of high initial cost, this paper suggests utilizing alternative material with very good absorbing efficiency material instead of copper. The stainless steel tube coated with epoxy-polyether and aluminium with copper oxide coating are used as a header and riser tube material instead of copper which is in practice now-a-days. This paper introduces a new heating system which has flat plate collector of effective performance at low cost even though stainless steel and aluminium has low thermal conductivity. Experiments have been conducted by using copper, stainless steel and aluminium tubes as header and riser tubes. The result shows that copper, aluminium and stainless bestow the same performance. Also the cost of stainless tube with epoxy-polyether and aluminium with copper oxide are less than that of copper tube.
Implementation of a Low Cost Resonant Boost Converter Connected Photo Voltaic System
Authors: Ilambirai R.C. , Boga Rajesh
Published: September 2013

This paper proposes a hardware implementation of a resonant boost converter with photovoltaic system. The converter finds varied advantages like lower switching losses and increased efficiency. With the increased rate of energy crisis, the converter has paved a new way for solving the problem, in the recent years. The dc voltage source of the resonant boost converter is replaced by a photovoltaic system that energizes the converter. The renewable energy minimizes the fuel cost and highly decreases the maintenance cost. A PIC microcontroller is used to generate the pulses of the transistor switches in the boost converter and for the inverter circuit. Implementation of a low cost 16F877A microcontroller with a resonant boost photo voltaic system with higher efficiency and the experimental results has been tabulated. The performance of the circuit has been verified at different temperatures for different applications.
Cutting of Nickel-Based Superalloys with Rotating Indexable Inserts
Authors: Kaulfersch Felix , Roeder Martin
Published: September 2013

In this paper the technological basics of machining the nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 with a self-propelled rotary tool and an actively driven rotary tool are presented. The advantages compared to conventional machining with fixed round indexable inserts are discussed. In a series of experiments the influence of the tool rotation and modification of the process parameters to the chip formation process and characterization of the surface area of the workpiece are investigated. By using a multitasking lathe with a milling spindle further experiments are conducted. Thereby the influence of the direction of the tool rotation, the relative speed between tool and workpiece and the variation of the penetration angles are analysed.