bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geochemistry of the mudrocks and sandstones from the Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa: Implications for tectonic provenance and paleoweathering
Authors: Baiyegunhi Temitope Love , Liu Kuiwu , Gwavava Oswald , Baiyegunhi Christopher , Rapholo Maropene
Published: October 2021

An inorganic geochemical investigation of mudrocks and sandstone from the southern Bredasdorp Basin, off the south coast of South Africa was carried out to unravel the provenance, paleoweathering, and tectonic setting of the basin. Seventy-seven representative samples from exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1, and E-D3 underwent geochemical analysis involving major and trace elements. The major oxide compositions show that the sandstones could be classified as sub-arkose and sub-lithic arenite. The provenance discrimination diagrams based on major oxide geochemistry revealed that the sandstones are mainly of quartzose sedimentary provenance, while the mudrocks are of quartzose sedimentary and intermediate igneous provenances. The discrimination diagrams indicate that the Bredasdorp sediments were mostly derived from a cratonic interior or recycled orogen. The bivariate plots of TiO2 versus Ni, TiO2 against Zr, and La/Th versus Hf as well as the ternary diagrams of V–Ni–Th∗10 suggest that the mudrocks and sandstones were derived from felsic igneous rocks. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams support passive-active continental margin setting of the provenance. Also, the closely similar compositions of the analysed samples and recent sedimentary rocks of the East African Rift System perhaps suggest a rifted basin tectonic setting for the Bredasdorp Basin. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) indices observed in the sandstones suggest that their source area underwent low to moderate degree of chemical weathering. However, the mudrocks have high CIA indices suggesting that the source area underwent more intense chemical weathering, possibly due to climatic and/or tectonic variations.
Acquisition of doubly articulated stops among Ga-speaking children
Authors: Kpogo Felix , Gathercole Virginia C. Mueller , Tetteh Jonathan Nsiah
Published: October 2021

This study investigates the acquisition of labio-velar stops by Ga-speaking children in Ghana. Such stops were elicited in initial, intervocalic, and pre-lateral positions through a picture naming task. Sixty Ga-dominant and Ga-English children at 5-, 61/2-, and 8-years of age were tested. All age groups showed some difficulty with the doubly articulated stops, but this was relative to voicing, phonological environment, age, and input. Performance on the voiceless labio-velar stop was better than on the voiced labio-velar stop, and better in intervocalic position than in word-initial and pre-lateral positions. Older children performed better than younger children and Ga-dominant children better than Ga-English children. Performance was better when children did not receive a prompt than when they did. Analysis of modifications reveals frequent processes of simplification to labial singleton stops, some voicing changes, and the occurrence of processes of vowel insertion between the stops and /l/. These findings are discussed in terms of universals of speech sound acquisition, the role of input, and the influence of language-specific factors on children’s performance.
Efficient solution for WDM-PON with low value of BER using NRZ modulation
Authors: Verma Dinesh Kumar , Garg Amit Kumar
Published: October 2021

This paper focused on the novel design of receiver side of wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON). It serves the need for a dramatic change in demand for high data rate beyond 10 gigabits per second (Gbps) at the last mile for a larger coverage area or distance. This increase in demand for higher bandwidth is due to the emerging future technologies like Internet of things (IoT), silicon on chip (SoC), cloud computing, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI). Simulation results demonstrated for the different coverage areas which compare the bit error rate (BER), quality (Q)-Factor, and eye height as per the guidelines of ITU-T. It has been predicted that the proposed WDM-PON design supports up to a distance of 60 km. Results have been verified for 40 km, 50 km, 60 km, and 70 km, respectively, at 100 GHz frequency spacing with acceptable BER and better quality (Q)-factor as defined by ITU.
Pre-albumin is a strong prognostic marker in elderly intensive care unit patients
Authors: Luo Liyan , Wang Min
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Pre-albumin (PAB) can be used to evaluate the association between nutrition status and in-hospital mortality. However, there is no literature to compare if PAB is the best indicator to predict in-hospital mortality among the nutrition indexes in a study.

Methods

We operated a retrospective study including 145 patients admitted to our institution’s elderly intensive care unit (ICU) from January, 2017 to December, 2019. Admission laboratory results were collected. Regression analysis and receiver operating curve (ROC) were analyzed to explore the performance of different nutrition indexes.

Results

The levels of PAB were significantly different between the survivor and non-survivor group (p=0.001). Univariate analysis showed nutrition indexes (lymphocytes, albumin, body mass index [BMI], geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), prognostic nutritional index [PNI] and PAB) were associated with in-hospital mortality (all p<0.1). Following adjustment for age, platelets and creatinine (CREA), only BMI and PAB remained statistically significant (BMI: HR 2.799, 95% CI 1.167–6.715, p=0.021; PAB: HR 6.329, 95% CI 2.660–15.151, p<0.001). In addition, PAB had the highest area under the curve (AUC) for predicting in-hospital mortality (AUC = 0.696) followed by BMI (AUC = 0.561) and other factors.

Conclusions

PAB is a better predictor of in-hospital mortality than other nutrition indexes in elderly ICU patients.
Bulk Nanocrystalline Permanent Magnets by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Trauter F. , Schanz J. , Riegel H. , Bernthaler T. , Goll D. , Schneider G.
Published: October 2021

Fe-Nd-B powders were processed by additive manufacturing using laboratory scale selective laser melting to produce bulk nanocrystalline permanent magnets. The manufacturing process was carried out in a specially developed process chamber under Ar atmosphere. This resulted in novel types of microstructures with micrometer scale clusters of nanocrystalline hard magnetic grains. Owing to this microstructure, a maximum coercive field strength (coercivity)μ0Hcof 1.16 T, a remanenceJrof 0.58 T, and a maximum energy product(BH)maxof 62.3 kJ/mm3could, for example, be obtained for the composition Nd16.5-Pr1.5-Zr2.6-Ti2.5-Co2.2-Fe65.9-B8.8.
A Metallographic Preparation Method for Three-Dimensional Microstructural Characterization of Machining Chips
Authors: Fang S. , Frank A.
Published: October 2021

Chip formation is an important indicator of machining processes. Statistical characterization of machining chips’ geometric features can offer crucial information for evaluating the stability and productivity of the machining processes. In abrasive machining processes, an abundance of small chips are produced by the vast number of abrasives exposed to the cutting surfaces. Geometric features of abrasives, such as shape, dimension, and distribution, may be hierarchically passed on to the chips. Similar to those of the abrasives, geometric features of the chips may also vary to a certain extent and conform to some statistical distribution. To verify these characteristics, a metallographic preparation method in connection with chips formed in abrasive machining processes is proposed in this study. Challenges in collecting and segmenting chips have been successfully overcome through several steps using ultrasonic bath cleaning and powder cold embedding methods. Finally, a considerable amount of chips was formed and uniformly embedded in a resin mold, ready for microscopic characterization.
Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane–polysiloxane block copolymers modified by α,ω-hydroxyalkyl polysiloxanes with methacrylate side chain
Authors: Xiaofeng Su , Yitao Yu , Bing Li , Jing Wang , Chuan Lu , Jianping Zong , Jinhui Li , Feng Wang
Published: October 2021

In order to prepare polyurethane–polysiloxane block copolymers, α,ω-hydroxyalkyl polysiloxanes with methacrylate side chain and α,ω-bis(2-methyl-3-hydroxypropyl)polymethyl(2-methyl-methylpropanoate) siloxanes, were synthesized and characterized in this study. The syntheses process included hydroxyl protection, hydrosilylation, deprotection, and ring-opening equilibrium reactions. The intermediates and target products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance methods. The characterization results showed that each step was successfully carried out in all the cases. Then the waterborne polyurethane–polysiloxane block copolymers were prepared via step-growth polymerization. The properties of the block copolymer films were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic thermomechanical analysis methods in detail. The experimental results showed that the block introduction of hydroxyalkyl polysiloxane could reduce the water absorption of waterborne polyurethane from 62 to 11%, and significantly improve the water resistance of polyurethane. With the introduction of polysiloxane, the tensile strength decreased and the elongation at break increased. At the same time, with the increase of the polysiloxane content, the glass transition temperature of the soft segment decreased to −56.4°C and the thermal decomposition temperature increased to 300°C. The results revealed that the introduction of polysiloxane could effectively improve the comprehensive performance of polyurethane–polysiloxane block copolymer films.
Successful weaning from mechanical ventilation after Serratus Anterior Plane block in a chest trauma patient
Authors: D’Errico Cristiano , Sellini Manuela , Cafiero Tullio , Romano Giovanni Marco , Frangiosa Antonio
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Chest trauma is associated with severe pain, which can hamper normal breathing. Serratus Anterior Plane block (SAPB) is a novel technique, which provides analgesia for chest wall surgery. We describe an interesting clinical case about the use of SAPB to improve pain and pulmonary function in a patient with severe chest trauma.

Case presentation

We report the pain management and the clinical evolution of a patient in ICU, with a severe chest trauma, after performing the SAPB. Following the SAPB, the patient had a reduction in pain intensity and an improvement in both respiratory mechanics and blood gas analysis allowing a weaning from mechanical ventilator.

Conclusions

Pain control greatly affects mortality and morbidity in patients with chest trauma. SAPB seems to be safer and equally effective in pain control compared to epidural analgesia in patients with chest trauma.
Dostępność stron internetowych - wymóg czy powinność
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Jatkiewicz Przemysław
Published: October 2021

The accessibility of websites and other sources of information for people with disabilities is crucial nowadays due to a significant percentage of society being at risk of social exclusion. The article tries to answer how the entities obliged to apply the accessibility guidelines perceive their duties in this regard. WCAG guidelines in version 2.0 and version 2.1 are presented. The legal acts that oblige entities to use them are analyzed. The author also examines how the guidelines and regulations are interpreted by randomly selected units of the public finance sector by analyzing their websites with the help of a validator chosen from the list maintained by the organization that developed the WCAG guidelines. As part of the study, a questionnaire survey was also carried out among students of IT programs. It was aimed at determining the state of their knowledge and preparedness for publication of web content in accordance with the accessibility standards. Interviews were conducted as well with practitioners creating, implementing, and maintaining internet portals of public institutions. The research allowed for identifying problems related to implementing the guidelines and proposing some actions to solve them.
Knowledge And Judgments About Standard Precautions For Nosocomial Infection: Comparative Analysis Of Medical Vs. Non-Medical Students
Authors: Kultanova Elmira , Severo Milton , Turmukhambetova Anar
Published: October 2021

Background — Nosocomial infection (NI) is among the most common and serious challenges in a healthcare system. Health workers and medical students play an important role in prevention of NI. Despite advances in the field of medicine in Kazakhstan, low detection rate of NIs remains unchanged, which could be due to a lack of awareness of the standard precautions for infection control among medical students and health workers. This study is aimed at examining knowledge and judgments on NIs among medical and non-medical students. Material and Methods — We conducted a cross-sectional paper-based survey to examine the knowledge and judgments about the standard precautions for NI among medical and non-medical students. Data collection took place between September 21 and December 20, 2017. Results — The study enrolled 2,817 students. The mean overall score (±SD) was 2.045±1.29. Medical students had a better mean overall score (2.113) than non-medical students (1.785; p<0.001). Awareness of the standard preventive measures was increasing with a year of study, but still just one-third of year 5 medical students were aware of standard prevention (36.3% vs. 17.4% for non-medical students; p<0.001). Conclusion — The overall score of our survey indicated inadequate knowledge and awareness of the guidelines on infection prevention and control among both medical and non-medical students. In order to improve patient safety and welfare, the courses on infection control should be introduced into the curricular of medical universities in Kazakhstan.
Correlation Of Functional Disorders In Cerebral Blood Flow With Cognitive Style Of Freshmen Students
Authors: Olenko Elena S. , Fomina Ekaterina V. , Kodochigova Anna I. , Kiselev Anton R. , Kirichuk Vyacheslav F.
Published: October 2021

In 97 healthy male freshmen students, we studied the parameters of arterial blood flow intensity (index of vascular resistance RI, amplitude-frequency index AFI), venous outflow (venous outflow index VOI), and tone and elasticity of cerebral vessels (diastolic index DIA, dicrotic index DIC, maximum blood velocity of fast filling in the artery Vmax, average blood velocity of slow filling in the artery Vav). Separately, we assessed the effectiveness of such mental operations as classification and analysis and studied the cognitive styles. In 35.9% of male freshmen, we revealed the functional dystonia of cerebral vessels with a pronounced inter-lacunar redistribution of blood flow to the region of internal carotid arteries. Their cognitive style had low rigidity, flexible control, strong cognitive automation, and low information processing speed. The cognitive style in freshmen without dystonic disorders was characterized by a balance of rigidity and flexibility of thinking, with a medium information processing speed.
The Effects Of Exercise Training On Physical, Physiological And Psychological Risk Factors Of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Ghayour Najafabadi Mahboubeh , Sobhrakhshan Khah Amir , Parent-Nichols Jennifer
Published: October 2021

Background — Exercise training is an important component of wellness for individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise may have an effect on cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, lipid levels, and other associated physical, psychological, and physiological risk factors. Exercise intensity may further impact those risk factors. Aim — This narrative review of the literature aims to identify the effect of regular physical exercise on modifying risk factors for CVD and increased morbidity and mortality related to CVD. Methods — Published English-language papers from 2011 to 2020, available in Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Thompson were included in this review. Keywords for this search were exercise training, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, physical function, physiological, and psychological risk factors. Conclusions — Exercise training may be a cost-effective intervention that improves the physical, physiological, and psychological risk factors and the motor function of patients with cardiovascular disease.
The willingness of volunteers to report changes on topographic maps
Authors: Triglav Čekada Mihaela , Radovan Dalibor
Published: October 2021

Various possibilities for collecting volunteer-provided geographical information in geodesy make it possible to engage volunteers for different purposes. In this paper, a study of the willingness of volunteers to report changes on topographic maps based on an online survey is presented. The survey was answered by 653 Slovenian respondents who use various online or classic topographic maps in their free time or at work and are willing to report their knowledge of changes in space or errors in maps to the map-updating institution. The survey's main finding is that 56% of respondents would use any online application to report changes on maps, 38% of respondents would prefer to report changes via email, and only 4% of respondents would prefer to report changes by phone. We also analysed the potential use of different functionalities of a web application for collecting changes and found that the most important functionalities for volunteers are those that give the most in-depth feedback (i.e., that a contribution has been submitted, that it is being verified, that it has been considered, that it has been deleted). The willingness of potential volunteers to use the various proposed functionalities also frequently depends on their current involvement with social networking sites or in volunteer associations and on their age group.
Active Charcoal from Palm Kernel Shells as a Catalyst in The Production of Biodiesel
Authors: Astuti Erna , Mufrodi Zahrul , Budiarti Gita Indah , Dewi Ayu Citra , Husna Mar'atul
Published: October 2021

Palm kernel shells are one of the main wastes for processing of palm oil. Palm kernel shells are waste that can be used as a catalyst in the biodiesel production. Besides many natural ingredients, the price of catalyst prepared from these materials is also relatively cheap compared to other catalysts, make the biodiesel production more sustainable, and environmentally friendly. This study aims to make activated carbon from palm shell through the process of carbonization and chemical activation. The carbonization process was carried out at 550oC for 3 hours until charcoal was formed. While the activation process was carried out using ZnCl2 activators with concentrations of 0.1 M, 0.25 M, 0.5 M and 1 M which were activated for 4 hours at 90oC. Â Based on the results of the FTIR analysis the presence of O-H and C-O bonds indicates that the carbon produced from the palm kernel shell tends to be polar (volatile). Thus the charcoal produced can be used as catalyst in the biodiesel production. For the SEM test results, it can be seen morphologically that more pore crystals are added and are still brittle at a ZnCl2 concentration of 0.1 M. Based on FTIR and SEM analysis, the best activated charcoal was activated charcoal with a concentration of 0.25 M ZnCl2.
Application of Bacterial Nano Cellulose as a Reinforcing Material in The Liner Test Paper
Authors: Sriwedari Daisy A , Sijabat Edwin Kristianto
Published: October 2021

This research is about the application of Bacterial nano cellulose (BNC) as a reinforcing material in the making of liner test paper. BNC was obtained from the fermentation of banana peel extract using Gluconacetobacter xylinum bacteria obtained from the making starter of nata de coco. The reason for using banana peel waste is because itâ€™s available in large number all across Indonesia. BNC is mixed with secondary fiber as a raw material for making liner test paper. From the experimental handsheets results, strength properties and absorption properties were then tested. Variations in the composition of the use of BNC are 0% (blank), 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% of the handsheet dry weight. The BNC is also applicated on surface sizing as a substitute for the surface sizing agent. The results of this study indicate that BNC can be used as an alternative raw material on wet end and on surface sizing, because both applications can increase the strength properties of liner test paper, and can reduce the use of chemical additive. The highest increase in strength properties of liner test paper was obtained at the composition of nano cellulose 30% and using surface sizing. Ring crush index is 14.02 Nm / g, concora index is 12.73 Nm / g, bursting index is 3.78 KPa.mÂ² / g, ply bonding is 388.57 J / mÂ². The absorption properties of paper increases but it has a low prosity. The highest cobb size results are obtained at 30% BNC composition, which is 45.30 g / m2 without using surface sizing and 41.83 g / mÂ² using surface sizing. The highest porosity value is obtained at 30% BNC composition, which is 158 s / 100cc using surface sizing. This research is expected to be a reference for further research in the field of BNC, as the alternative raw materials besides wood in paper making.
Athmospheric Hydrocracking of Jatropha Oil Using Woodchar Catalyst
Authors: Hendriyana Hendriyana , Nurdini Lulu , Khotimah Rizqi Ajeng Khusnul , Sukandi Nur Refianti , Ainun Tika Dwi , Nurjanah Evi Ojo , Yunengsih Yuyun , Khoerunnisa Fadilah
Published: October 2021

Jatropha oil which is non-edible oil were hydro-crack at atmospheric pressure using an activated wood char catalyst in a fixed bed reactor. The hydro-cracking process was carried out at three temperature variations of 400, 450 and 500oC, and three variations of the oil feed injection rate of 2/2, 2/5 and 2 mL/10 minutes. The catalysts were characterized using SEM and BET. The composition of the liquid product obtained from the hydro-cracking process was analyzed using GC-MS. The effects of operating temperature and oil feed injection rate on oil recovery and conversion have been discussed. The results showed that the feed injection temperature and rate had an effect on the yield and conversion. The highest yield of 59.8% oil liquid products was achieved at a temperature of 450oC with injection rate of 2 mL/10 min. The composition of the oil-liquid product was dominated by heptanal at 32.9% -mass. Alkanes group contain C5 to C20 and alkene compounds consist of C8 until C18.
The Imposition of the Death Penalty for Drug Dealers in the Perspective of Human Rights
Authors: Lestari Dewi Indah
Published: October 2021

Law enforcement is doing efforts to the enforcement process or the functioning of legal norms significantly as a code of conduct in traffic or legal relationships in the life of society and state. One way to enforce fair laws is to give the maximum sanctions to perpetrators of serious criminal offenses such as the imposition of the death penalty for drug dealers as listed in Act No. 35 of 2009. However, there are many pros and cons about this death penalty. Highlights of the death penalty usually associated with injustice because it violates human rights, namely the right to life. This paper is to study it from the point of sociology of law, especially the theory of justice. In the perspective of sociology of law, a criminal prosecution devices should include two things: first, it must accommodate public aspirations repay as pondering on the basis of an error rate of the offender. Second, it should include the purpose of punishment, namely to maintain and preserve the unity of the community. Thus, the law should represent the public sense of justice.
Law, Politics, and The Neutrality
Authors: Nafsiah Maqfira Izzata
Published: October 2021

Neutrality ASN (Aparatur Sipil Negara) is one of the most important part in the politics of this. But in fact during these many ASN that is not neutral because of weak laws that can ensnare ASN and because Bawaslu (Badan Pengawas Pemilu) and Panwaslu (Panitia Pengawas Pemilu) cannot reach the whole activity of the ASN leads to neutrality. To that end, the necessary optimal synergy between law enforcers in order to enforce the law firmly of the ASN that is not neutral in order to achieve a healthy democratic party and based on the principle of luberjurdil (langsung, bebas, rahasia, jujur, dan adil) which have mandated in the legislation.
Future Challenge of the Freedom of Religion Act: Comparing Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Naefi Mohammad
Published: October 2021

Indonesia is one of the countries that uphold human rights International one of the examples is the freedom of religion or embrace religion. It is proven by the inclusion of one of the international human rights values ​​into our constitution namely article 28 I paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. As a sovereign country, Indonesia is obliged to protect the right of its citizens to embrace the religion or belief adopted without any compulsion from any party. Every citizen has the freedom to determine his or her faith or belief according to the mind and conscience of each. So Human Rights are rights that protect us to live together in society without any disturbance. The right to freedom of religion becomes important issue. This study aims to analyze and describe the freedom of religious act in Indonesia and Malaysia in the perspective of human rights.
AGB-Klauseln zur Änderung von Bankverträgen nach der „Postbank-Entscheidung“ des BGH
Authors: Vogel Hans-Gert
Published: October 2021

Mit einem aufsehenerregenden Urteil vom 27. 4. 2021 (ZBB 2021, 348, in diesem Heft) hat der XI. Zivilsenat des BGH den seit Jahrzehnten genutzten und auf einer Zustimmungsfiktion der Kunden basierenden Vertragsmechanismus der Banken und Sparkassen zur Änderung ihrer Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen als nicht mit § 307 BGB vereinbar verworfen. Der Senat hat entschieden, dass Klauseln in Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen eines Kreditinstituts, die ohne inhaltliche Einschränkung die Zustimmung des Kunden zu Änderungen seiner Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen und Sonderbedingungen fingieren, gegenüber Verbrauchern unwirksam sind. Auf den ersten Blick ist dies ein weiterer Baustein zum Ausbau des Verbraucherschutzes im Bereich der Finanzdienstleistungen. Tatsächlich sind die praktischen Auswirkungen der aktuellen Entscheidung jedoch wesentlich gravierender als diejenigen früherer Urteile des BGH zur Unwirksamkeit von Regelungen der AGB-Banken oder AGB-Sparkassen. Denn das Urteil vom 27. 4. 2021 betrifft nicht nur die Wirksamkeit einzelner (Preisanpassungs-)Klauseln, sondern ggf. aller seit dem jeweiligen Vertragsschluss mittels Zustimmungsfiktion vorgenommenen Vertragsanpassungen, unabhängig von deren Inhalt und Anlass. Die Entscheidung hat im Finanzdienstleistungssektor erhebliche Rechtsunsicherheiten ausgelöst, die sowohl das Bestands- als auch das Neukundengeschäft der Kredit- und Zahlungsinstitute betreffen. Die praktischen Gegebenheiten des täglichen Bankgeschäfts sowie die Funktions- und Innovationsfähigkeit des Marktes für Zahlungsdienste erfordern eine einschränkende Präzisierung.
Planting the Seeds for High-Quality Program Evaluation in Public Health
Authors: Codd Heather , Fierro Leslie , Castleman Ann Marie , Kuwahara Robin , Wilce Maureen , Gill Sarah , Perkins Ayana , Disler Sheri Barrera-Disler , Orians Carlyn , Anand Meenu , Nurmagambetov Tursynbek
Published: October 2021

Evaluation and evidence-informed decision making are central to public health practice. In recent decades, the professional discipline of evaluation has experienced tremendous growth that can be leveraged for use in public health. To meet the growing need for program evaluation training, the National Asthma Control Program presents the e-textbook Planting the Seeds for High-Quality Program Evaluation in Public Health. This free e-textbook is designed to help public health students and professionals understand evaluation approaches and techniques to improve public health programs.
Biopesticide Summit – Regulatory Reform of Biopesticides, Virtual Conference, 6th July 2021
Authors: Blake Robin
Published: October 2021

This virtual event was held as a follow-up to the inaugural Biopesticide Summit and Exhibition at Swansea University in July 2019, and postponed in 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Sarah Harding, Communication Director at The World BioProtection Forum (WBF) & Biopesticide Summit
opened the event with a few brief words of introduction before handing over to Dr Minshad Ansari, Chairman of the WBF.
 Dr Ansari was delighted with the more than 150 attendees already logged into the event with over 300 registered. The WBF was created in 2019 as a non-profit organization
to bring together industry and academia for innovation. Dr Ansari thanked the event's supporters – AgBio, Agri Life, Bayer, Bionema, Ecolibrium Biologicals, Koppert Biological Systems, Harry Butler Institute and Sri BioAesthetics, as well as the media partners including Outlooks on
Pest Management. He reiterated the need for regulatory reform due to removal of chemical pesticides, demands for organic food, limited biopesticide products registered and a lengthy and costly biopesticide registration process (5 years in EU where there are just 60 products available vs.
2.1 years in USA and where over 200 products are already available on market). The US is clearly in a much better place; in Europe, it is too expensive for SMEs and little progress has been made despite the work of the IBMA (International Biocontrol Manufacturers Association) and others. With
respect to the biopesticides market share (value) by region, Europe has 27.7% market share (21.3% CAGR) and yet within UK, the CAGR is limited (unlike other European countries) – there are few products available in the market compared to chemical pesticides. The current biopesticide
regulation is complex and not fit for purpose (compare 60 vs 200). Industry is facing a serious problem with pest control following the removal of some chemical pesticides, e.g.European cranefly which has caused many problems to the turf industry and has been impacted by the removal of chlorpyrifos.
However, Brexit provides opportunities in the UK through government plans to "Build Back Better" by supporting Green Tech. At the EU level, the EU has committed to reducing use of pesticides by 50% (equating to 505 products) by 2030 so there are opportunities here for biopesticides to fill
the market.
 Dr Ansari finished his introduction by restating the objectives for the meeting: for the speakers to present and debate the need for reform, their visions for a successful regulatory system, and how the WBF is working towards process reform in UK biopesticide regulation.
Estrategias de autorregulación del aprendizaje en estudiantes de música del Colegio República Dominicana de Bogotá
Authors: Cely- González Diego Iván , Mejía -Loaiza Elquin Eduard , Conejo -Carrasco Francisco
Published: October 2021

Este artículo es producto de una investigación que buscó analizar la relación entre la aplicación de estrategias para la autorregulación y, el aprendizaje notorio y satisfactorio de la música, en los estudiantes de sexto grado del Colegio República Dominicana, de la localidad de Suba en Bogotá. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa y se tuvo un alcance exploratorio y descriptivo; se usaron dos instrumentos de recolección de datos: una encuesta a estudiantes y una entrevista semiestructurada a docentes. Los resultados evidenciaron que, la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas potenció en estos estudiantes su capacidad de autorregulación frente al aprendizaje de la música, activando de manera importante procesos metacognitivos y motivacionales que repercutieron en un empoderamiento activo que les permite asumir un papel mucho más protagónico en la construcción de saberes en esta área del conocimiento; todo estofortaleciendo su autonomía y autoeficacia, y despertando más su deseo de aprender.
Educar para la salud como motor de cambio social en el estilo de vida
Authors: Gálvez- León Graciano Enrique , Rivera-Muguerza Jhanet Patricia
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo tiene como propósito sustentar desde la educación la adopción de una vida saludable enfocada a partir de dimensiones que contribuyen a mejorar la calidad de vida como la promoción de la salud, comunidad, familia, escuela y adolescencia, sin desmerecer lo que puedan generar otros medios como la tecnología de la información y el conocimiento. La investigación tiene un carácter retrospectivo, analítico y descriptivo respecto a diversas fuentes bibliográficas que han sido seleccionadas a través de bases de datos como Scielo, Redalyc, Google Académico, Dialnet, entre otras; de acuerdo a la variable asume una vida saludable, para que mediante una revisión bibliográfica se rescate supuestos y conclusiones a fin de describir su caracterización. La reflexión se ha formulado teniendo en cuenta el desarrollo de la competencia curricular asume una vida saludable, que señala el currículo nacional peruano, como orientación medular a una educación de calidad y al entendimiento de una buena gestión escolar y las implicancias en los diferentes actores del proceso de aprendizaje. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que el asumirestilos de vida saludable mejora las relaciones sociales en comunidad, en familia y escuela, por tanto, la salud.
Awareness of members about functioning of self-help group
Authors: Zodape R.B. , Mokhale S.U. , Deshmukh A.N. , Karnase H.S.
Published: October 2021

The present study was conducted in Amravati district of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state. The study “Awareness of members about functioning of self-help group” was conducted in Nandgaon Khandeshwar and Bhatkuli talukas of Amravati district, from this talukas ten villages selected and from each village fifteen respondents were selected on the basis of Agriculture based self-help group, 150 respondents were purposively selected for study. Exploratory research design was used for the research study. It was noticed that, half of the respondents i.e. 58.67 per cent were in middle age group, 43.33 per cent respondents were educated upto junior college level, half 51.33 per cent of the respondents were having agriculture as a occupation, majority 64.00 per cent of the respondents had medium family size, majority 60.00 per cent of the respondents had medium family income, majority 68.67 per cent of the respondents had low experience in SHG, half 51.33 per cent of the respondents had low training received, majority 64.67 per cent of the respondents had medium extension contact, majority of the respondents i.e. 74.67 per cent had medium social participation and majority of the respondents i.e. 68.67 per cent were having medium achievement motivation. In the case of awareness about functioning of self-help group 80.00 per cent respondents having high level of awareness. The independent variables namely education, family size, extension contact and achievement motivation are positively significant with awareness about the functions of self-help group at 0.01 level of probability. Whereas the variables namely family income and training received are positively significant with awareness about the functions of self-help group at 0.05 level of probability. The variables namely family occupation and social participation are non-significantly correlated with awareness about the functions of self-help group. Whereas the variables namely age and experience in SHG are negatively significant with awareness about the functions of self-help group.
Background profile of S.H.G. members of Jorhat district of Assam
Authors: Mudoi Dhruba Jyoti , Borah Sayanika , Das Manju Dutta
Published: October 2021

A self-help group (SHG) is a voluntarily association of people with common goal. The concept of “self-help groups appears to be a good substitute strategy to involve people in the improvement process. Empowerment of women through self-help groups has benefited not only the individual women but also her family and community as a whole. The study was carried out in the Jorhat district of Assam. Four blocks were selected from national rural livelihood mission (NRLM) initiative blocks. Thus, all total 16 self-help groups were selected from these blocks for the present study. Ten members from 16 SHG’s, total 160 members were selected using simple random sampling for the study. Majority of 54.4 per cent of the members belonged to young aged category i.e. 27 – 39 years. A large majority ( 95.00 % ) of the respondents were married and 37.50 per cent of the respondents had education upto high school level. A majority of the respondents (56.30 %) belonged to the OBC category, 68.10 per cent belonged to nuclear family and 62.50 per cent belonged to small family size. Majority of the respondents ( 48.8 % ) were marginal i.e. having 3 – 7.5 bigha of land holdings. Majority of the respondent’s family occupation (41.70 %) was cultivation and 56.30 per cent had medium income level and 91.00 per cent were member of one organization. Majority of the respondents (91.25 %) possessed television and 40.00 per cent attended training programme during the year 2017, 91.87 per cent source of information were extension officers, 88.75 per cent had contact with community resource person. A high percentage ( 62.50 %) of members of self-help group were completely dependent on bank namely Gramin Vikash Bank for their entrepreneurship development.
Constraints faced by the sericulture farmers in adoption of recommended sericulture cultivation practice in Northern Karnataka
Authors: Manohar K. N. , Belli R. B. , Gotyal S. H. , Chavan S. S.
Published: October 2021

The study was conducted in Vijayapur and Bagalkote districts of Northern Karnataka, India in 2019-20, which comes under non-traditional areas ofsericulture. The sample size selected was 120 and it was reported that cent per cent of the farmers reported low price and transportation to the distant markets asthe major problems. More than 90.00 per cent of the farmers faced the difficulties in controlling uji flies and other diseases, high labour charges, high initial establishment cost and lack of information about bio-fertilizers. Keeping these constraints into consideration the suitable policy had been framed by the the government. Added to that the most suited situational extension strategies have been implemented which helped to improve sericulture status.
Front line demonstration in black gram in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Kumar P.B. Pradeep , Rao K. Tejeswara
Published: October 2021

The study was conducted at Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh on FLD in blackgram by Scientists of district Agricultural Advisory and Transfer of Technology Centre of ANGRAU. Blackgram crop was sown as rice fallow in Rabi season during 2018-19 and 2019-20 in an area of 4229 ha and 4950 ha also it was found in an increase in yield of 32.7 per cent and 47.3 per cent in FLD field, respectively. Thus, it was concluded that front line demonstrations conducted under the close supervision of scientists is one of the most important tools of extension to demonstrate crop management practices at farmers’ field. FLDs motivate farmers to adopt scientific practices. So, FLDs are to be designed, supervised with extension activities viz., training programmes, demonstration, field days etc. to increase yields and profits of farmers.
The results of the ESC Congress. European clinical guidelines, what’s new?
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: October 2021

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Caracterización de la perturbación psíquica en víctimas de lesiones personales
Authors: Bedoya Jojoa Cristhian Mauricio , Durán-Bornacelli Victoria Catalina , Saucedo-Rodríguez Daniel Felipe , Chiles-Borja Julián David , Caicedo-Murillo Juan Manuel
Published: October 2021

El término perturbación psíquica en materia de las ciencias forenses se refiere a una afección en la salud mental dentro del contexto de actos lesivos en contra del bien tutelado de la integridad personal, que vulnera significativamente la funcionalidad personal, familiar, social u ocupacional del individuo. Para ello se debe estudiar minuciosamente el papel que juegan las lesiones estructurales del sistema nervioso central como causantes de este tipo de afecciones y es que justamente en países como Colombia es una de las principales causas de discapacidad en población joven, produciendo alteraciones cognitivas y psico-emocionales que pueden llegar a ser permanentes. A partir de todo esto se busca no solamente determinar un diagnóstico clínico y forense del caso, sino que también se propende aportar y brindar información altamente relevante de dichos eventos que impacten de forma significativa el bienestar biopsicosocial de la población contextualizado en materia de políticas públicas. Para ello se realizó la minuciosa revisión de los informes periciales concluidos sobre perturbación psíquica entre septiembre del 2012 y junio del 2017 en la regional suroccidente, sede Cali, del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses (INMLCF), para los casos en los que se hubiere incurrido en el delito de lesiones personales y en cuyos resultados se observó que el 78.09% de los casos estudiados fueron reportados positivos para perturbación psíquica indistintamente su causa, de los cuales el 97,2% de estos casos, fueron de carácter permanente. Respecto a los resultados obtenidos, además de exponer estas abrumadoras cifras que indican la preocupante situación que padecen las víctimas en cuanto a la perturbación psíquica, también se pretende contribuir a la generación e implementación de políticas públicas a nivel nacional, a través de las Rutas de Atención Integral en Salud, que permitan afrontar adecuadamente dicha problemática y así disminuir progresivamente tanto la incidencia como el impacto biopsicosocial que generan estos hechos en la población general, especialmente en la población joven, que es la más afectada en este tipo de situaciones.
Desperate House Sellers: Distress Among Developers
Authors: van Straelen Eileen
Published: October 2021

Using granular data on home builder housing developments from the 2006-09 housing crisis, I show that builders spread house price shocks across geographically distinct projects via their internal capital markets. Builders who experience losses in one area subsequently sell homes in unaffected areas at a discount to raise cash quickly. Financially constrained firms are more likely to cut prices of homes in healthy areas in response to losses in unhealthy ones. Firms also smooth shocks across projects only during the crisis and not during the boom. These results together suggest firm internal capital markets spread negative economic shocks across space.
Center-peripheral differences in life expectancy in Russia: a regional analysis
Authors: Shchur Alexey , Timonin Sergey
Published: October 2021

Elevated mortality (compared with the West) and significant spatial differences in life expectancy are serious challenges facing Russia. The goals of improving Russians' health and increasing their life expectancy by reducing inequality in mortality between regions and settlements are closely intertwined with the goals of spatial development of Russia, aimed at reducing interregional differences in the quality of life.

This paper presents an assessment of the scope and dynamics of changes in mortality differences between the ‘center’ and the ‘periphery’ in 67 regions of Russia, which are home to three-quarters of the country's population. The selected research period - 2003-2018 - is characterized by a steady increase in life expectancy at birth (LE) in Russia. Using unpublished data from Rosstat for cities, we estimated life expectancy at birth in 67 regional centers and in the rest of the regions (‘periphery’). Depending on the magnitude of the differences in LE and the dynamics, we identified 6 types of regions. For those regions with a LE gap between center and periphery larger than the average, the decomposition method was applied, which made it possible to determine the key age groups and causes of death responsible for such high differences.

In 36 regions of Russia classified as types I-III, the center-peripheral gap exceeded the average Russian level, while only in six regions in 2003-18 was there a tendency towards a reduction in the size of this gap. The decomposition results showed that elevated mortality of males in the periphery is due to a higher mortality rate at working age from external causes of death, especially from traffic accidents, homicides and suicides, as well as from ‘alcoholic’ causes of death; females in the periphery suffer from higher mortality rate at older ages from chronic non-communicable diseases.

Despite the seemingly ‘objective’ nature of the mortality differences between the center and the periphery (the advantage of the former being due to the socio-demographic characteristics of its residents and the educational structure of the population, as well as to selective migration), the positive experience of other countries shows that effective public health policies can substantially reduce the degree of spatial inequality in mortality even if significant heterogeneity in the level of socio-economic development remains.
LAW ART
Authors: Violi Federica
Published: October 2021

This article explores the international law narratives ‘depicted’ in Italian colonial propaganda illustrations and cartoons. The aim is to identify (international) legal arguments crafted to ‘counter-resist’ objections against the Italian colonial enterprise. These arguments provided legitimacy and neutrality to the Italian colonial endeavour and normalized a certain understanding of the colonial space and its subjects. After setting out the historical background, the article engages in a brief methodological reflection on the analytical function of illustrations and cartoons. Thereafter, it applies the methodological framework to analyse ‘counter-resistance’ international law narratives in a selection of XIX and XX century images. The article concludes by reflecting on the performative role of law, its palatability to mass-consumption and the legacy of the legal construction of the colonial mission civilisatrice.
A Comparative Study of Reporting Verbs Used in the Introduction Chapters of Bachelor’s Theses and Master’s Theses by Chinese English-Majored Students
Authors: Wen Shuangqing , Pramoolsook Issra
Published: October 2021

Reporting verbs (RVs), as rhetorical lexical devices, play a key role in academic writing because they enable writers to attribute content to other sources and allow them to convey both the kind of activities reported and their evaluation of the reported information. However, no study has been conducted on how RVs are used differently between bachelor’s theses (BTs) and master’s theses (MTs) in the Chinese context. Through corpus-based and comparative analysis, this study, therefore, aims to analyze and compare the use of RVs between 30 BT Introduction Chapters and 30 MT Introduction Chapters by Chinese English-majored students in terms of denotative potentials and evaluative functions based on Hyland’s (2002) classification framework. The results reveal that RVs used by undergraduate students are smaller in amount and narrower in range compared with those used by master’s students. Concerning the denotative potentials of RVs, a similar distribution of RVs was found in the two corpora. Both undergraduate and master’s students prefer Discourse Act RVs and Research Act RVs to Cognition Act RVs. Regarding their evaluative functions, undergraduate students show a tendency toward non-factive RVs, while master’s students tend to use factive RVs. These findings provide a valuable view of how Chinese English-majored students use RVs in their thesis writing, but their knowledge of the rhetorical functions of this device is still insufficient. The findings might increase thesis writers’ knowledge on the significance of RVs and raise their awareness of using RVs appropriately and effectively in their thesis writing, or even in all kinds of academic discourse. This paper then provides some suggestions for thesis writing courses.