bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alianzas matrimoniales y concentración de riqueza entre élites mexicanas del siglo XIX
Authors: Krozer Alice
Published: May 2022

La desigualdad de la riqueza es un problema de dimensiones históricas que ha caracterizado a México por siglos. Esta nota de investigación describe un estudio que plantea analizar la reproducción de desigualdades en el siglo XIX a través de las alianzas matrimo­niales. Concretamente, investiga un mecanismo de transmisión inter­generacional de la riqueza que se solía aplicar de forma generalizada en México hasta su independencia y que mantiene relevancia para explicar los patrones de formación y consolidación de élites hoy día: el otorgamiento de la dote. Junto con Diego Castañeda Garza exploraremos las prácticas endogámicas entre las élites mexicanas pre-revolucionarias y sus consecuencias para la concentración de riqueza en el país, y nos enfocaremos particularmente en el rol y la posición de las mujeres.
Vivir la fe. Entre el catolicismo y el pentecostalismo, la religiosidad de los sectores populares en la Argentina. Libro de Pablo Semán
Authors: Carbonelli Marcos
Published: May 2022

El libro de Semán Vivir la fe caracteriza profundamente las formas de creer de los sectores populares argentinos, tras la recuperación democrática. Mediante una revisión del concepto de sincretismo, el autor des­cribe los principales rasgos de una experiencia religiosa que pondera la cotidianeidad del milagro, mientras dialoga con matrices culturales como el peronismo, la psicologización y las culturales juveniles. La obra también aporta tesis sustantivas para el campo sociológico contemporáneo, como la explicación del ascenso pentecostal a costa del catolicismo, los límites de la partidización de las identidades religiosas y los efectos reales de la teología de la prosperidad en las subjetividades creyentes. Los hallazgos se sustentan en un trabajo etnográfico clásico, que combina entrevistas en profundidad con observaciones participantes.
Interaction design of financial insurance products under the Era of AIoT
Authors: An Wa , Wang Shaobin , Chen Ye , Wu Qiang , Wu Changyu , Wang Kai , Wang Shiqi , Chen Huachun , Chen Zhihao
Published: May 2022

This study aims to explore how the insurance business can combine artificial intelligence (AI), huge data technology and good design under the ecological background of AIoT to improve the efficiency of double-entry in the insurance business and improve the user experience. It is accomplished through observation, user interview and other methods to explore user needs and distress points, comprehensive use of image and video analysis, face recognition, behaviour detection and other AI technologies. aiCore intelligent dual-recording system is proposed, which integrated mobile terminal dual-recording application and backstage quality control system. The proposed system realised the design optimisation of the whole process of intelligent dual-recording scenario combining the three functions ‘front-end intelligent dual-recording, in-process real-time quality control and post-AI quality control.’ Using in-process detection, post-review and manual final audit, the aiCore intelligent dual-recording system has significantly improved the efficiency of dual-recording, quality inspection pass rate and user experience satisfaction.
Exploration on the collaborative relationship between government, industry, and university from the perspective of collaborative innovation
Authors: Zhu Zhaoge , Cui Shengnan , Wang Yanqiu , Zhu Zhiwei
Published: May 2022

The idea that reform drives innovation and entrepreneurship, and innovation and entrepreneurship drive development, has gradually become the main theme of the new era of Chinese society. As the ‘cradle’ of knowledge and technology innovation and the training and output of innovative talents, colleges and universities are the inevitable choices of the times to conform to the social trend and change to the development model of ‘entrepreneurial universities’. This article takes the reform of the development model of universities in Heilongjiang Province as the research object, and it qualitatively explores the status quo of the reform and development of universities in Heilongjiang Province to entrepreneurial universities, with the aid of the Loet Leydesdorff triple helix algorithm, based on the Web of Science database and national intellectual property ‘patent search and analysis’. The platform conducts data mining, conducts quantitative measurement research on the collaboration relationship between government, industry, university and research, and focuses on Heilongjiang Province for horizontal and vertical empirical analyses. The study proposes suggestions for improvement from the three dimensions of condensing the collaborative awareness of innovation subjects, reforming the development model of scientific research institutions, and improving the efficiency of the absorption and transformation of enterprise scientific and technological achievements. It has certain practical guidance for strengthening the mutual information coordination and structural stability of the government, industry, university and research under the collaborative innovation ecosystem.
Effect of novel grain refiner and Ni alloying additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 HPDC castings – optimization using Multi Criteria Decision making approach
Authors: Apparao K. Ch , Bannaravuri Praveen Kumar , Pulisheru Kumar Swamy , Francis E. D. , Alfred Sunny Kalakanda , Babu Rao Gadudasu , Daniel P Freedon , Birru Anil Kumar
Published: May 2022

Studies dealing with process improvement of aluminum alloys and their grain structure refinement are the current area of interest in casting companies and foundries, the aim being to enhance the properties of the base metal. In this study, the microstructural and mechanical properties of commercial Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 alloy die castings influenced by different additions of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C master alloy (viz. 0 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, and 1.0 wt.%) as a new grain refiner and Al-6Ni master alloy (viz. 0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, and 5.0 wt.%) as an alloying element have been investigated. A multi-criteria decision-making approach for the improvement of the die casting process was performed using grey relational analysis (GRA) and TOPSIS analytical techniques. It was observed that the primary aluminum α-grains were significantly refined, particularly at the lower addition level 0.1 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C, and conversely, poor grain refining efficiency was observed at a higher addition level 1.0 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C. Due to the refinement by Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C grain refiner and the effect of Ni alloying element additions, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and hardness (Brinell and micro) of the Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 alloy are improved, particularly at 0.1 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C and 0.5 wt.% of Al-6Ni master alloys. Quantitatively, UTS, Brinell hardness, and microhardness values have been increased by 12.3%, 7.0%, and 20%, respectively.
Public awareness about the smoking cessation program by the Ministry of Health: a cross-sectional study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsomali Zuhoor , Saati Ola , Alqahtani Areej , Alsoomali Elyas , Andijani Ahmed
Published: May 2022

Background: Each year, tobacco kills more than 8 million people. More than 7 million of these deaths are due to direct tobacco use, while 1.2 million are caused by non-smokers exposed to secondhand smoke. The Ministry of Health (MOH) has increased its efforts toward combating tobacco consumption in Saudi Arabia. This study objective is to measure the publics' knowledge in Saudi Arabia about the various smoking cessation resources and services offered by the MOH.
Methods: A link to a cross-sectional online survey was distributed to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, residents on social media platforms in January 2022 (n = 415). Survey questions were adapted from the Global Tobacco Surveillance System. The data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences software (v22.0).
Results: A total of (n = 319) responses were analyzed. Current tobacco smokers represented 60% of them. The smokers were composed of 75% of males and 25% of females who consumed tobacco. Despite a large number of the respondent being smokers, there were inadequate levels of knowledge about the various smoking cessation services offered by the MOH (40.9% of the respondents acknowledged the services provided, and 53.5% were neutral regarding these services).
Conclusion: Despite the MOH's efforts to provide numerous smoking cessation services, there remains a lack of knowledge amongst the population of Riyadh. This can slow the MOH efforts toward decreasing smoking rates amongst the population in Saudi Arabia; more efforts are needed to raise awareness of these services in Saudi Arabia.
Love Letters to Planet Earth: A Podcast and Practice for our Planetary Emotional Wellbeing
Authors: Anttila Tessa
Published: May 2022

In partnership studies, the configuration of the partnership model supports relations of mutual respect, accountability, and benefit, as well as hierarchies of actualization in which power is employed to empower rather than to disempower others in all relations, from intimate to international. What is possible when this approach is used to address eco-anxiety and pre-traumatic stress related to climate change? This article describes a new podcast and practice designed to nurture partnership with other humans and nature.
Developing Partnerships to Examine Community Strengths, Challenges, and Needs in Nigeria: A Pilot Project
Authors: Agboola Omobolanle , Austin Robin , Monsen Karen
Published: May 2022

There has been increased attention internationally on whole-person health and on building health resilience. A community project developed and coordinated an international effort in Nigeria using the web-based application MyStrengths+MyHealth (MSMH) to promote understanding of strengths (resilience), challenges, and needs as part of a health and well-being initiative, providing the opportunity to develop sustainable community partnerships informed by data. Community partners partnered to pilot the use of MSMH to gather self-reported data on strengths, challenges, and needs in the community setting. Participants were sent a WhatsApp link to MSMH; data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Further research is needed to validate results in a larger population. This community project presents a new phase of individual and community-level data to understand hidden needs of the most vulnerable members of communities. This research has the potential to shift the paradigm to optimize population health management using a strengths (resilience) perspective.
Influence of rose bengal on platelet aggregation activity
Authors: Petrishchev N. N. , Grishacheva T. G. , Chefu S. G.
Published: May 2022

The goal of the study is to comparatively examine the effect of photoactivated rose bengal on platelet aggregation in vitro and in circulating blood of male Wistar rats. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was obtained from venous blood. The aggregation activity of platelets was determined by the turbidimetric method, the aggregation inducer was ADP at a final concentration of 1.25 μM. Rose bengal (RB) (Acros Organics, USA) was used as a photosensitizer (PS). PRP samples containing the PS were irradiated using ALOD-Izumrud laser (OOO “Alcom Medica”, Russia), λ = 532 nm, power density 0.05 W/cm2 , energy density of 6, 12 and 24 J/cm2 . The effect of photoactivated RB on the aggregation of circulating PLT was studied after laser irradiation of the femoral artery of the rats: 30 mW laser power, 2 mm spot diameter and 30 min exposure. RB at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 μg/ml was found to stimulate, and 5-10 μg/ml—to inhibit platelet aggregation. Photoactivation of RB weakens the stimulating effect of laser irradiation on the aggregation of platelets. Photodynamic modification of blood led to an increase in the in[1]tensity of platelet aggregation by 24% in comparison to the control group, and by 39.6% compared to the group without photoactivation of RB (p<0.01). The data obtained indicate that under the influence of RB photoactivation, the aggregation activity of platelets changes, the severity and direction of the effect depend on the RB concentration. Change in functional activity of platelets is one of the manifestations of photodynamic modification of blood.
Influence of photodynamic therapy on the level of matrix metalloproteinases in squamous cell skin cancer
Authors: Maslyakov V. V. , Grebnev D. Yu. , Tsymbal A. A. , Kim L. M.
Published: May 2022

The effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the level of matrix metalloproteinases in squamous cell skin cancer (SCSC) was studied. The study involved 202 people, including 185 patients with SCSC, who were on outpatient and inpatient treatment in medical institutions of Engels and Saratov during the period from 2015 to 2019, and 17 donors. The study design included studies in three main groups. The first (intervention) group included 74 (36.6%) patients with SCSC who underwent combined treatment, including PDT at the first stage and surgical treatment at the second stage. The second group consisted of 111 (55.0%) patients with SCSC who underwent only surgical treatment. The third group consisted of 17 (8.4%) relatively healthy volunteer donors, comparable in age and sex with the patients of the main group. As a result of the study, it was found that the level of metalloproteinase-1 inhibitor (TIMP-1) in the blood serum of patients with SCSC was reduced compared with physiologically normal indicators, which led to a statistically significant increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMPs-2, MMPs-7 and MMPs-9. Performing only surgical treatment for this pathology does not lead to a complete recovery of these indicators. However, the use of combined treatment including PDT showed a statistically significant increase in the amount of TIMP-1 before the start of surgical treatment, which naturally led to a decrease in MMPs-2, MMPs-7 and MMPs-9. Later, after excision of the tumor, the patients of this group had a complete normalization of TIMP-1, which, in turn, contributed to a decrease and then restoration of the number of MMPs-2, MMPs-7 and MMPs-9 to physiologically normal values.
Tests, checks and diagnostics of ship medium voltage transformers
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kalinin I.М. , Savchenko О.V. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Khmel М.Yu. ,   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2022

Object and purpose of research. The study deals with the diagnostic Issues of ship MV transformers from factory acceptance tests to harbor trials. The purpose is to analyse the requirements and advanced diagnostic tools for status monitoring of ship power transformers, as well as to overview the Issues of electrodynamic withstand checks on transformers. Materials and methods. Stages (operations) are considered that ship power transformers undergo from the stage of factory acceptance tests to harbor trials. Requirements of ship transformers are analyzed. Foreign and Russian tools to check and measure power transformer parameters in industry as well as requirements for electrodynamic withstand testing are compared. Main results. It is shown that in view of high operational risks associated with accidents and failures of onboard transformers it is not enough to check transformer characteristics after transportation or storage (prior to onboard installation) for ensuring their high reliability. Functional analysis of foreign and Russian diagnostic instruments is presented, and vectors for improvement of the Russian tools are defined for the interest of shipbuilding industry. It is shown that the electric withstand tests are particularly important when new designs and technologies are used where reliable verification is impossible neither through calculations nor through modeling, while large safety margins are economically not viable. Conclusion. If some power units in the electric propulsion system (EPS) fail, extra costs would be spent on docking the vessel, dismounting of good equipment and hull structures to remove out-of-order equipment. Regulatory documenttation does not specify the scope of EPS components’ checkup after transportation or storage. Technical measures to ensure reliability of EPS elements include diagnostics of EPS elements prior to their installation on board the ship and during commissioning trials. Diagnostic tools of foreign make have more functional capabilities as compared to Russian instruments. Choice of specific devices and decisions to go for extra costs to further develop the Russian instruments should be based on feasibility studies. New regulations are required for testing rectifier transformers for electrodynamic withstand at short-circuit fault, as well as development and modernization of regional inter-industry shock test facilities.
Comparative analysis of various models for predicting wave loads on ship hull
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Korshunov V.А. , Mudrik R.S. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Ponomarev D.А. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Rodionov А.А. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kuteinikov М.А. ,   Russian Maritime Register of Shipping, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2022

Object and purpose of research. The study deals with the problem of defining the integral external loads on the ship hull by various methods with subsequent comparison of system responses. Materials and methods. For determination of external forces in regular waves the strip method and panel method are used based on the boundary element technique. Main results. Response amplitude operators (RAO) of bending moments and shearing forces for different wave headings obtained by various methods are compared. Calculation procedures are analyzed. Conclusion. The problem of defining the external forces on the ship hull was solved and numerical hydrodynamic procedures were analyzed in the work. Results show that both methods are practical, while the panel method provides a wider range of possibilities to input and include non-linear parameters.
Outlook for application of smooth particle hydrodynamics for numerical modeling of ice loads
Authors:   Krylov State Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia, Filatov А.R.
Published: May 2022

Object and purpose of research. The object of research is marine engineering structures. The purpose is to assess the outlook for application of smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) for numerical modeling of ice loads. Materials and methods. For this purpose an overview of the most popular methods for numerical solution of problems in fracture mechanics is given with their merits and drawbacks (finite element method, extended finite element method, discrete element method, smooth particle hydrodynamics, smoothed particle Galerkin). Main SPH relations are presented. Main results. A test problem of a cylinder leg interacting with level ice field is used to obtain a qualitative pattern of ice deformation and failure with and without ice breaking arrangements, as well as under the global ice load. Conclusion. Analysis of obtained results shows that SPH in the sliding least square method formulation is promising for numerical modeling of plastic damage in fine grained ice and definition of corresponding loads on marine structures.
Design of docking stanchion of transverse bulkheads in ships
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Popov V.V. , Manukhin V.А. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2022

Object and purpose of research. The paper is concerned with interaction of the docking stanchion and the transverse bulkhead plating when a ship is docked. Involvement of the bulkhead plating and vertical pillars closest to the docking stanchion in sustaining the response of the keel track is assessed. The purpose of the study is updating the classical design procedure for docking stanchion where such interaction is ignored. Materials and methods. A plane steel transverse bulkhead of traditional type is considered. Loads on a dry-docked ship are estimated. Finite element method is used. Main results. Studies were conducted using two finite element models: a 2D bulkhead model and a 3D model of ship hull part incorporating bulkhead. Results of calculation by both models are generally in good agreement. It is shown that along with the docking stanchion the keel track response is sustained partly by the bulkhead plating and vertical struts closest to the docking stanchion. Conclusion. The classical design method of docking stanchions was updated, which made it possible to reduce the weight and size of docking stanchions. The formula used to assess the buckling of docking stanchions was corrected.
Demography of maxillofacial fractures cases and modifications of management protocol during Covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   ST. JOHN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, SARJAPUR ROAD, BENGALURU, KARNATAKA, INDIA, Kujur Abha Rani , D'Souza Nita Trina
Published: May 2022

Objectives. Following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, all health care professionals were forced to change their methods of managing patients who come to the hospital for different diseases. The purpose of our study is to report the experience of this period, regarding: the study of demography in the presentation of facial and maxillary facial fractures, as well as the description of precautions taken and changes in management methods during the treatment of these cases. Materials and Methods. The study was performed in a tertiary care hospital, as a descriptive study on 30 consecutive patients with faciomaxillary trauma admitted to our hospital since the onset of the Covid-19 lockdown. The demographic data and the management protocol of the patient with facial fractures were noted and interpreted. Results. We found that several men suffered maxillofacial injuries as a result of RTA, despite the lockdown. Middle face fractures were the most common that required surgery. Sixteen patients underwent surgery in view of malocclusion and complex facial lacerations. Intra operative important steps were taken to reduce aerosol generation in the form of quick intubation, lower power settings of bipolar cautery and drill, islet application and use of self-drilling screws thereby reducing OT time as well. Post op. minimal malocclusion was seen in 5 (30%) patients who had undergone arch bar application and in 2 (12%) patient who had undergone islet application. Conclusions. Understanding patient demography is crucial for redistribution of hospital resources especially during a pandemic. Adaptable and flexible guidelines are required at every stage to ensure adequate patient treatment as well as limit any cross infection. Proper fixation of all fractures as per universal recommendations should be preferred always.
Melanoma metastasis to the oral cavity: a rare case report and literature review
Authors: Baranovic Sandra , Milenovic Aleksandar
Published: May 2022

About 1% of oral cancers are metastases of primary tumors from other parts of the body. The most common primary tumors that metastasize to the oral cavity are placed in the lungs, kidneys, liver and prostate for men, while in women they are placed in the breasts, genital organs, kidneys and colon. The oral cavity is an unusual place for the metastatic spread of primary tumors, especially malignant melanoma, and is usually a sign of the widespread dissemination of the malignancy. When they occur, oral metastases are most often found in the jawbones. Most of the reported soft tissue oral melanoma metastases were localized in the tongue. We report a case of a 50-year-old female patient with a melanoma metastasis in the floor of the oral cavity. The treatment chosen was the transoral excision of the metastatic tumor of the mandibular mucosa and floor of the mouth. We chose this option primarily to relieve the patient's symptoms, so the therapeutic indication was palliative.
Sublay mesh versus Onlay mesh: a randomized comparative study
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL SURGERY, NARAYANA MEDICAL COLLEGE, NELLORE, INDIA, Kancharla Srinivas Rao , Nimmagadda Venkataharish , Bobba Praneeth
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Ventral hernias are the second most common hernia; Onlay and Sublay operating techniques are procedures commonly performed in such cases. There is no consensus on the superiority of these procedures. The aim of this study was to compare the results of both procedures in order to identify the recommended technique between the two options. Materials and Methods. A total of 106 patients with epigastric, umbilical, paraumbilical, incisional hernias were studied. These patients were grouped into group A (onlay) and Group B (sublay). The outcomes of the two techniques were compared with respect to operative time, pain, hospital stay, seroma, infection, recurrence and patient satisfaction. Results. The mean operative time was 81.30 minutes in group A, and 85.85minutes in group B. Twenty-two (42.5%) patients in group A and seven (12.96%) patients in group B developed seroma. Nine (17.3%) patients in group A, 3 (5.55%) patients in group B developed post-operative infection. 30 (57.69%) patients in group A and 47(87.3%) patients in group B reported moderate pain, whereas three (5.76 %) and seven (12.96%) patients in group A and group B were reported severe pain in immediate post-operative period. At 48 hours, 20 (38.46%) and 24 (44.44%) of patients in group A and B were reported moderate pain, whereas 32 (61.53%) and 30 (55.55%) patients in group A and B reported mild pain. The mean hospital stay was 10.11 days in group A and 6.22 in group B. Three (5.76 %) patients of group A has recurrence, none of the patients in sublay group has developed recurrence. Thirty-nine (72.22%) patients of sublay group expressed their satisfaction but only 20(38.46%) patients in onlay group expressed their satisfaction. Conclusion. With reference to all the study parameters except one, the sub lay technique of mesh placement appears to be better. The exception is pain in the immediate postoperative period.
Structural transformations of the material and technical resources of the dermatovenereological service in the Russian Federation in the period 2010–2020 and their effect
Authors: Kubanov Alexey A. , Melekhina Lidia E.
Published: May 2022

Background. The quality and availability of medical care to the population directly depends on the organization of the treatment and diagnostic process, which is directly related to the material and technical resources of medical organizations.
Aims. Assess how the level of performance indicators of medical organizations of the dermatovenereological profile has changed after the restructuring of their material and technical resources for the period 20102020 in the Russian Federation as a whole.
Materials and methods. The study is based on a retrospective analysis of the main intensive and extensive indicators that evaluate the work of medical organizations of the dermatovenereological profile.
Results. Structural transformations of material and technical resources, which are under the jurisdiction of the dermatovenereological service, gave the following results in the whole of the Russian Federation. The activities of medical organizations intensified, which naturally led to a positive economic effect. The reduction of the excess number of resource-intensive beds in round-the-clock hospitals and the expansion of day hospitals due to the redistribution of part of the round-the-clock beds into beds and beds in day hospitals, increasing their capacity, did not negatively affect the volume of specialized dermatovenereological medical care for the population, they not only did not decrease, but even slightly increased.
Conclusion. Thus, the study showed that the restructuring of the material and technical resources of the dermatovenereological service in the Russian Federation as a whole led to a positive effect of the use of material and technical resources. However, it should be noted that their further reduction is inappropriate, as it can have the opposite effect. For example, a further reduction in the ATC may adversely affect the provision of the population with human resources, which will affect the availability and quality of medical specialized dermatovenereological care.
Preferences of the 1st year medical students on various teaching methods and their feedback on curriculum quality in Biochemistry
Authors: Maheswari K. , Goswami Binita , Singh Kamna , Jamatia Elvia , Kaushik Smita
Published: May 2022

Objectives:

Medical teaching requires introduction of new teaching methods to cover the vast curriculum in stipulated time. Apart from conventional teaching, newer teaching learning methods such as video clippings, problem-based learning (PBL), seminars, early exposure to patients, hospital laboratory visits, debates, quiz, and group discussions need to be introduced. The study was conducted to gauge the student’s perception regarding the teaching methodology adopted by the department of Biochemistry for the 1st year MBBS students. Along with this, feedback was also taken to assess the student’s views on their present assessment system as well as on various aspects of the current MBBS curriculum and on their relationship with their teachers.

Materials and Methods:

This was an observational study conducted in the department of Biochemistry and the data were collected using a pre-designed questionnaire from the 1st year MBBS students after completion of the 1st year Biochemistry course.

Results:

The questionnaire evaluated different teaching methods for various topics in Biochemistry. Among 243 students included in the study, didactic lecture was preferred by 80 students for endocrinology and 82 for cancer biology topics. Debate was preferred for the topic of nutrition (n = 82). Ninety-one students chose case-based learning for learning clinical Biochemistry. Video-based learning was preferred for the topic of molecular biology by 80 students.

Conclusion:

Students prefer different combinations of teaching learning method for better understanding of the subject. Early clinical exposure and effective tutorial sessions will definitely improve the learning gain among pre-clinical students.
Surgical management of embolized jugular foramen paragangliomas without facial nerve transposition: Experience of a public tertiary hospital in Brazil
Authors: Colli Benedicto Oscar , Junior Carlos Gilberto Carlotti , de Oliveira Ricardo Santos , Gondim Guilherme Gozzoli Podolski , Abud Daniel Giansanti , Massuda Eduardo Tanaka , de Melo Filho Francisco Veríssimo , Tanaka Koji
Published: May 2022

Background:

Jugular foramen paragangliomas (JFP) treatment represents a challenge for surgeons due to its close relationship with facial nerve (FN), lower cranial nerves (LCN), and internal carotid artery. Due to its hypervascularization, preoperative tumor embolization has been indicated.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of the clinical evolution of 26 patients with JFP class C/D previously embolized treated through infratemporal/cervical access without FN transposition.

Results:

Total and subtotal resections were 50% each, regrowth/recurrence were 25%, and 23%, respectively, and mortality was 3.9%. Postoperatively, 68.4% of patients had FN House and Brackmann (HB) Grades I/II. New FN deficits were 15.4% post embolization and 30.7% postoperatively. Previous FN deficits worsened in 46.1%. Tumor involved the FN in 30.8% and in 62.5% of them these nerves were resected and grafted (60% of them had HB III). Lateral fall, ear murmur, and vertigo improved in all patients. Tinnitus improved in 77.8% and one patient developed tinnitus after surgery. Hearing loss did not improve, eight partial hearing loss remained unchanged and four worsened. New postoperative LCN deficits were 64.3%. Postoperative KPS between 80 and 100 dropped 8.3%. Two patients with secretory paragangliomas with arterial hypertension difficult to control had better postoperative blood pressure control.

Conclusion:

Although still with significant morbidity due to FN and LCN injuries, the treatment of patients with JFP Fisch C/D has good long-term results. Surgical techniques without FN transposition have less intraoperative nerve damage, lower rates of total resection, and higher recurrence. Preoperative embolization of JFP reduces the intraoperative blood loss but can cause FN deficit.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF OSTEOPROTEGERIN IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Grodno University Clinic, Grodno, Belarus, Obukhovich A. R. , Iaskevich N. N. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2022

Diabetes mellitus is rightly called non-infectious epidemic of the 21st century. At the same time, cardiovascular diseases still remain the leading cause of death in the world. A combination of diabetes mellitus and peripheral arterial disease increases the risk of the lower limb loss and death many times over. There are many concepts concerning the mechanism of development of these diseases. In recent years, there is more and more data evidencing the similarity of the processes of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis development. The connecting link between these processes may be osteoprotegerin (OPG). Information has been obtained on osteoprotegerin as an antiresorptive factor participating in the RANKL-RANK-OPG system. Under pathophysiological conditions, OPG is expressed in the vascular wall, including being found at different stages of atherosclerotic plaque formation. The RANKL-RANK-OPG signaling pathway is involved in the process of bone tissue remodeling. The mechanisms of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis development are similar; nevertheless, they require further study.
HIGH RESIDUAL PLATELET REACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH NON-Q MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Pronko T. P. , Snezhitskiy V. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Kapytski A. V. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the incidence of high residual platelet reactivity (HRPR) in patients with non-Q myocardial infarction (non-Q-MI), depending on age and characteristics of therapy at different periods after the onset of MI. Methods. The study included 78 patients with acute non-Q-MI, who were divided into 3 subgroups (SG) depending on their age: SG1 (31-44 years) – 5 persons (6.4%), SG2 (45-59 years) – 36 individuals (46.2%), SG3 (60-74 years) – 37 individuals (47.4%). 34 people (43.6%) were treated conservatively, 44 people (56.4%) underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Platelet aggregation was assessed using a Multiplate impedance aggregometer (Germany) with several aggregation inducers on admission, 12-14 days and 28-30 days after the onset of MI. Results. The analysis of aggregatograms in patients with non-Q-MI revealed the following indicators: 1ASPI-test 17.0 [10.0; 25.5] U, 2ASPI-test 25.0 [17.0; 36.0] U, 3ASPI-test 21.0 [15.0; 26.5] U (Friedman's test 22.2; p=0.00002); 1ADP-test 27.0 [19.0; 43.5] U, 2ADP-test 32.0 [22.0; 47.5] U, 3ADP-test 28.0 [19.0; 49.0] U (Friedman's test 4.9; р=0.09); 1TRAP-test 72.0 [59.5; 93.0] U, 2TRAP-test 88.0 [72.5; 111.0] U, 3TRAP-test 90.0 [71.5; 102.0] U (Friedman's test 19.7; р=0.00005). HRPR, indicating an insufficient response to antiplatelet therapy, was detected initially in 14 patients (17.9%) according to the ASPI-test, in 13 patients (16.6%) according to the ADP-test, in 5 patients (6.4%) according to the ASPI-test + ADP-test. On re-examination HRPR was revealed in 28 patients (35.9%) according to the ASPI-test (p<0.05), in 15 patients (19.2%) according to the ADP-test, in 9 patients (11.5%) according to the ASPI-test + ADP-test. On the third examination HRPR was detected in 15 patients (19.2%) according to the ASPI-test (p<0.05), in 17 patients (21.7%) according to ADP-test, in 10 patients (12.8%) according to the ASPI-test+ADP-test. The dynamics of changes of the aggregatogram and HRPR in age subgroups and in subgroups with different therapy was of a similar nature. Conclusion. A high percentage of patients with non-Q-MI associated with insufficient response to acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel was revealed at different times after the onset of MI. There were no differences in the aggregation parameters depending on the age of the patients, the type of therapy (conservative or PCI) or the type of implanted stents.
PSYCHOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND MODIFICATION OF THE GIESSEN SOMATIC COMPLAINTS INVENTORY
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Tomaschik T. E. , Assanovich M. A. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2022

The Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory is one of the most popular somatoform disorder diagnostic questionnaires. The Belarusian version of the Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory has not been developed. Purpose. Psychometric analysis and modification of the Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory. Material and methods. 227 patients with depressive, neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders were examined using the Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory. The Rasch metric system was used to assess the psychometric properties of the Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory and its modification. Results. The modified Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory is reasonably accurate, with better distributional concordance scores for moderate and severe somatic symptoms. Two diagnostic items of the Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory with low construct validity were identified. The questionnaire was modified by excluding nonvalid items. A modified version of the Giessen Somatic Complaints Inventory showed high reliability (reliability index = 0.91) and discrimination (the inventory is able to differentiate 14 levels of somatic symptoms). Factor analysis revealed the heterogeneity of the structure of the questionnaire, which reflects the polymorphism of somatoform symptoms. Conclusions. The Belarusian version of the Giessen questionnaire of somatic complaints with acceptable diagnostic properties and psychometric characteristics has been developed.
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE TREATMENT OF GASTRODUODENAL BLEEDING REQUIRING EMERGENCY SURGERY IN A SPECIALIZED CITY CENTER
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Dubrovshchik O. I. , Marmysh G. G. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Dovnar I. S. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Mileshko M. I. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: May 2022

Background. Gastroduodenal bleeding (GDB) is one of the most urgent problems of emergency abdominal surgery. The frequency of detection of bleeding of non-ulcer origin, which in the past was practically not diagnosed, has increased recently due to the widespread introduction of high-tech diagnostic techniques into clinical surgical practice. Diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for GDB of ulcerative and non-ulcerative etiology are quite clearly defined, but the problem remains relevant due to the fact that the number of patients with acute GDB does not tend to decrease. The tactics of treating bleeding requiring emergency surgery remain debatable. Purpose. To evaluate the results of treatment of gastroduodenal bleeding of ulcerative and non-ulcerative origin requiring emergency surgery performed in a specialized city center for gastroduodenal bleeding. Material and methods. The experience of emergency care and treatment of 1061 patients with GDB in a specialized center is presented. Results. FGDS was performed on admission in all patients; ulcer bleeding was diagnosed in 809 (76.2%) patients; non-ulcer bleeding in 252 (23.8%) patients. Bleeding from gastric ulcers was detected in 227 (30.3%) patients, from duodenal ulcers – in 582 (69.7%) patients. Endohemostasis was performed for continued bleeding during FGDS. The treatment was based on the generally accepted complex of conservative therapy according to the clinical protocols for managing patients with GDB. Сonclusion. An analysis of the results of treatment of patients hospitalized in the city center for GDB showed that at the present stage endohemostasis is effective in 98.4% of ulcer bleeding and in 96.0% of non-ulcer bleeding.
A novel application of generation model in foreseeing ‘future’ reactions
Authors: Duan Hongliang , Ma Liefeng , Cao Lujing , Wu Yejian , Zhan Zhajun
Published: May 2022

Deep learning is widely used in chemistry and can rival human chemists in certain scenarios. Inspired by molecule generation in new drug discovery, we present a deep learning-based reaction generation approach to perform reaction generation with the Trans-VAE model in this study. To comprehend how exploratory and innovative the model is in reaction generation, we constructed the dataset by time-split. We applied the Michael addition reaction as the generation vehicle and took the reactions reported before a certain date as the training set and explored whether the model could generate reactions that were reported after the date. We took 2010 and 2015 as the time points for the splitting of the Michael addition reaction respectively. Among the generated reactions, 911 and 487 reactions were applied in the experiments after the respective split time points, accounting for 12.75% and 16.29% of all reported reactions after each time point. The generated results were in line with expectations and additionally generated a large quantity of new chemically feasible Michael addition reactions, which also demonstrated the learnability of the Trans-VAE model for reaction rules. Our research provides a reference for future novel reaction discovery using deep learning.
Intermolecular Dearomative [4+2] Cycloaddition of Naphthalenes via Visible-Light Energy-Transfer-Catalysis
Authors: Rai Pramod , Maji Kakoli , Jana Sayan K. , Maji Biplab
Published: May 2022

Dearomative cycloaddition reaction serves as a blueprint for creating three-dimensional molecular topology from flat-aromatic compounds. However, severe reactivity and selectivity issues make this process challenging. Herein, we describe visible-light energy-transfer catalysis for the intermolecular dearomative [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of feed-stock naphthalene molecules with vinyl benzenes. Tolerating a wide range of functional groups, a variety of structurally diverse 2-acyl naphthalenes and styrenes could easily be converted to a diverse range of bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-diene scaffolds in high yields and selectivities. The late-stage modification of pharmaceutical agents further demonstrated the broad potentiality of this methodology. The efficacy of the introduced methods was further highlighted by the post-synthetic diversification of the products. Furthermore, photoluminescence, electrochemical, kinetic, and control experiments support the energy transfer catalysis
Efficient removal of aqueous pharmaceutical pollutants by a robust anionic zirconium ellagate framework
Authors: Svensson Grape Erik , Chacón Antonio J. , Rojas Sara , Pérez Yolanda , Jaworski Aleksander , Nero Mathias , Åhlén Michelle , Martínez-Ahumada Eva , Narongin-Fujikawa Mayumi , Ibarra Ilich , Cheung Ocean , Baresel Christian , Willhammar Tom , Horcajada Patricia , Inge A. Ken
Published: May 2022

Emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in water, such as pharmaceutical compounds, are of growing environmental concern and there is a need to develop new materials and technologies for their efficient removal. A highly porous and exceptionally stable anionic zirconium ellagate metal-organic framework (MOF), denoted SU-102, was developed and utilized to remove EOCs from water, including real municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. SU-102 adsorbs cationic EOCs with particularly high efficiencies and of the 17 pharmaceutical EOCs detected in WWTP effluent all 9 cationic species were removed with efficiencies of at least 79.0-99.6%, emphasizing the significance of framework charge on selectivity. As a second mechanism of EOC removal, SU-102 photodegraded the antibiotic sulfamethazine under visible light. SU-102 is synthesized from ellagic acid, an edible polyphenol building unit, highlighting the possibility of creating stable high-performance multifunctional materials from sustainably sourced plant-based components.
Crystal chemistry and first principles devising of C4 as the simplest dense carbon allotrope
Authors: Matar Samir F. , Solozhenko Vladimir L.
Published: May 2022

From crystal chemistry rationale and geometry optimization onto ground state structures with DFT-based computations, a novel ultra-hard body centered tetragonal C4 (tet-C4) is proposed as the simplest dense carbon allotrope. tet-C4 is identified as cohesive as diamond, and likewise built of corner sharing C4 tetrahedra in all directions. Qualified as mechanically stable from the elastic constants combinations, tet-C4 has Vickers hardness identical to that of both cubic and hexagonal (lonsdaleite) diamond. Dynamical stability of tet-C4 derived from all positive phonon bands also allows obtaining heat capacity close to the experimental data of diamond. The electronic band structure shows insulating tet-C4 with a large indirect band gap of 5 eV.
Promoting Student Learning About Premarital Predictors of Later Marital Success Through Formal Writing
Authors: Randall G. Kevin
Published: May 2022

This paper focuses on a revision of a semester-long formal writing assignment based on the first family life education content area (see NCFR), Families and Individuals in Societal Contexts, particularly courtship and marital choice. Many students were not completing this assignment that addresses an important developmental process: dating, courting, and choosing a life partner. Incorporating known pedagogical principles from the writing-to-learn literature, the assignment’s revision included developing four components required throughout the semester. The research-based principles behind the revision included interactive writing processes, meaning-making writing tasks, and clear writing expectations. Student completion rates of a majority of the four components, anonymous Individual Development and Educational Assessment (IDEA) qualitative comments, and anecdotal interactions with the instructor supported revision. The assignment, assessment, and grading rubrics are included for others to consider and to revise for their classroom use.
Who Married Whom? Rural-Urban Migration and Mate Selection in China
Authors: Sun Feng , Li Xiaohui , Xiao Jing Jian
Published: May 2022

Mate selection is important to understanding social stratification and social mobility. China is experiencing the largest urbanization in the history of mankind, and the resulting population movement has affected traditional marriage patterns. Hukou, the Chinese word for the household residence registration, is an indicator of social status. The study used the Dynamic Monitoring Data of the Floating Population collected in 2013 and quantitatively examined the potential impact of rural-urban migration on marriage selection in China. Results indicated that after migration 1) the chance to marry someone from different social strata indicated by hukou status increased; 2) the chance to marry someone with higher education levels increased; and 3) the chance to marry someone with large age gaps increased, specifically, the chance for older men with an urban hukou to marry a younger women with a rural hukou increased.