bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Substituting Corn with Cobs Treated with Combinations of Urea and Wood Ash on Chemical Composition and Invitro Gas Production Substrate
Authors: ABDULAZEEZ Abdulrazaq , MADİBELA Othusitse Ricky , TSOPİ̇TO Christopher Mareledi
Published: June 2021

Effect of substituting corn with cobs treated with urea (25%) and wood ash (75%) on chemical composition and gas production substrate was determined. Corn was substituted with graded levels of treated cobs in the dietary ingredients and the treatments were: 100C = 100% corn, 66C34TC = 66% corn with 34% treated cobs, 34C66TC = 34% corn with 66% treated cobs and 100TC = 100% treated cobs. Samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL); they were then incubated in vitro for 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs. Results indicated that as corn is substituted with treated cobs, NDF, ADF and ADL also increased, however only the NDS for treatment 100C was reduced. The result of the truly degraded substrate (TDS) parameters also indicated that treatment 34C66TC had the highest TDS, gas production (GP), microbial mass production (MMP), efficiency of microbial mass production (EMMP) and partitioning factor (PF). In conclusion, 66% of treated cobs could replace corn in a complete diet without effects on measured parameters.
La tríada de “momentos” divinos en la obra latina de Meister Eckhart
Authors: Castello Sofía
Published: June 2021

En el presente artículo presentamos una propuesta hermenéutica para el estudio de la obra latina de Meister Eckhart. Para ello, proponemos una reconstrucción del sistema teórico-metafísico que opera como fundamento del pensamiento del dominico. Así, sostenemos que pueden identificarse tres “momentos” al interior de Dios “superabundante”, “en toda su expresión” – quien representa a la realidad como tal: Dios en “su primer aspecto”, en tanto causa; Dios en “su segundo aspecto”, en tanto efecto y Dios en “su tercer aspecto”, en tanto creatura. Con estos “momentos” buscamos expresar el movimiento de identidad y diferencia constitutivo de la Divinidad, que le permite ser todo y nada de todo. Y que, a su vez, refuerza la herencia neoplatónica de Eckhart.
El cinismo y los alemanes. Una indagación sobre las fuentes germánicas de El coraje de la verdad de Michel Foucault
Authors: De Freitas Juan Horacio
Published: June 2021

Cuando en El coraje de la verdad se comienzan a trazar las primeras directrices para la realización de una transhistoria del cinismo, que implicaría un rastreo de las diferentes manifestaciones cínicas desde la era alejandrina hasta el presente, Foucault dice estar muy desprovisto de trabajos en los que haya sido planteado este  proyecto, y que apenas tiene noticia de cuatro textos, todos de origen germánico y de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, que, al menos, abordan la relación entre el cinismo clásico y un presunto cinismo moderno. De estos cuatro, el filósofo francés confiesa haber leído solo tres: El coraje de existir de Paul Tillich, Parmenides und Jona de Klaus Heinrich y Moral e hipermoral de Arnold Gehlen, obras que le hacen preguntarse sobre el especial interés de la filosofía alemana por el fenómeno cínico. En el presente ensayo, pretendemos adentrarnos en estos libros para esclarecer la forma en la que en ellos se entiende dicho fenómeno, y así dar cuenta de su influjo, por concordancia o confrontación, sobre la original concepción foucaultiana del cinismo.
El papel del páthos en la filosofía de la escuela de Cirene: afección y conocimiento
Authors: Molina Alonso Pablo
Published: June 2021

Este estudio pretende analizar la cuestión del conocimiento como el punto de partida del desarrollo filosófico cirenaico y no como un medio empleado para justificar el hedonismo de la escuela, separándolo de aproximaciones tradicionales a dicha problemática. Los filósofos cirenaicos asumen la percepción como la fuente del conocimiento humano, particularmente en lo que respecta a la afección (páthos). Conciben el páthos dentro de unos parámetros fisicalistas que vienen marcados por el movimiento (kinēsis) que recae sobre el cuerpo-carne (sarkòs) del sujeto perceptor. Estas afecciones son lo único que, según los cirenaicos, se muestra con evidencia (energeia) al sujeto humano. Las características que estos pensadores adscriben a la noción de páthos les obligan como sujetos de acción y posible conocimiento a prestar, prácticamente, exclusiva atención al presentismo de la percepción (aisthēsis), adquiriendo, así, la afección cierta categoría de criterio.
Edith Stein: una teoría de la comunicabilidad de la Obra de Arte
Authors: Lamas Álvarez Victoria Eugenia , Ramos Gómez Miriam
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo se propone identificar los fundamentos de la teoría de la comunicabilidad de la Obra de Arte que se puede extraer de los escritos de Edith Stein. Tras presentar el problema de la empatía y la base antropológica que afecta a los sujetos y objetos del mundo del arte, además de los posibles problemas en la transmisión de dicho mensaje artístico, se ahonda en las implicaciones de la consideración del arte como objeto y sujeto de empatía y el sistema comunicativo que se puede establecer en el mundo del arte.
Báthory András római bíborosi címtemploma, a pannóniai szláv misszió és Szent Adorján kultuszának összefüggései
Authors: Somorjai Ádám
Published: June 2021

In the year 2019 were celebrated the thousand years of the foundation of the Zalavár Benedictine Monastery under the Patrocinium of Saint Hadrian the Martyr on the western shore of the Lake Balaton in Hungary, and this is an occasion to contemplate the significance of this place and of this heritage. Though the Abbey is not existent after 1950, its beginnings are more important in the Carolingian Empire, after the Avar Period, as the Salzburg Benedictine missionaries christianized the territory and as the Slavic Prince Pribina came under Carolingian rule. It was this time to found the first church of Saint Hadrian, a Martyr in Nicomedia in the times of Diocletian’s persecution and which relics were translated to Rome in the 5th or 6th Century. The cult became important in this Church, which building was identical with the Roman Curia, i. e. the Senate, and the consecration of this church on September 8th became the feast of the Saint in the Occident. This became a titular church and was the titular church of the Transylvanian Cardinal András Báthory, in the 16th century. Turning to Pribina, he gathered Saints Cyril and Methodius and their pupils in this church and against the opposition of the Archbishops of Salzburg, gained Pontifical permission of Pope Hadrian II to celebrate Christian liturgy in Slavic language in his Province and the nomination of Methodius to Metropolite of Pannonia. This early beginnings were important for the Hungarian christianization and explain why Saint Stephen the first King of Hungary received so easily the Roman blessings, i. e. the Holy Crown and the erection of the Metropoly of Esztergom in his kingdom. In medieval Hungary the name of the kingdom was alternating “Hungary” and “Pannonia”, in Christian inter- pretation “Pannonia Sacra”. This aspect could help to concile Slavic (e. g. Slovakian) and Hungarian interpretation of their common history. This history is living today in the use of the word “Church”, which originates of the Latin word “Castellum” (etymon of the city name “Keszthely” at the Lake Balaton), which is in the Western Slavic languages: “Kosciól” (Polish), “Kostel” (Czech and Slovak). In Polish means both as building and as gathering of people, in Czech and Slovak only as building. In Hungarian the use of the Latin word “templum” is rooted, as building. Common heritage of the ancient Roman word “Castellum”.
Megjegyzések a nemiség drámáját illetően (1.)
Authors: Szalay Mátyás
Published: June 2021

This philosophical meditation on the drama of bodily existence and sexual identity intends to explain and complement the reflection of Ricardo Aldana, who considered these issues from the Communio-theology point of view represented by Hans Urs von Balthasar and Adrienne von Speyr. The main claim to be exposed and phenomenologically corroborated is that the horizon of correctly interpreting the phenomenon of bodily existence is an existential and dramatic encounter with the Trinitarian reality. The context of an adequate response to one’s unique and sexual bodily existence is predetermined by Mary’s “Fiat!” and Christ’s redemptive sacrifice; these two yeses to divine love created the possibility for a radical freedom to embrace creation when it comes to the gift of bodily existence. The dramatic nature of our fundamental relationship with the body is characterized in two steps: first, by analyzing the paradoxes of how the body is given to us; and second, by argu- ing that the drama of being exposed to bodily existence can lead us through bodily self-gift (sacrification) and care for the (bodily existing) other to the discovery and contemplative appreciation of the body.
Teológiai érvelések, hitoktatás és misztériumábrázolás a 18. századi csíksomlyói ferences színpadon (2.)
Authors: Medgyesy S. Norbert
Published: June 2021

In the grammar school of Csíksomlyó (Șumuleu Ciuc), a Franciscan site of Marian pilgrimage in Transylvania, 104 school plays were produced by the pupils between 1721 and 1786. These were predominantly mysteries in the vernacular: Good-Friday Passions, Judgement-Day Dramas and the odd play for Corpus Christi Day or the Assumption. This annual tradition of education as well as pastoral care preserved the characteristics of mediaeval West European mysteries for the longest time and in the farthest geographical location. This paper addresses the question of how these mysteries presented theological or dogmatic facts as staged Poor Man’s Bibles, that is, theatrical catechesis. The first part examines the 106 types of New Testament scenes and their 71 Old Testament antitypes. The following Roman Catholic dogmas were staged in Csíksomlyó: the Trinity; the Creation of the World; the Fall of the Devils; the Fall of Humanity; the Incarnation of the Christ (the so-called Heavenly Trial, Proces de Paradis); the Immaculate Conception, Virginity, Assumption, and Intercession of the Virgin Mary (Maria Advocata); the doctrine of the Eucharist. The theological teachings were cast in the form of human and allegorical figures and presented by the grammar-school students to a numerous and predominantly illiterate audience on a three-level stage, in mother-tongue performances of illustrative verse, in a style adequately sacred as well as easy to comprehend.
Árulás vagy átadás?
Authors: Grigore Beáta Aurelia
Published: June 2021

In our paper we will discuss a few aspects about the image of Judas the Iscariot, as it is shown in the gospel of Mark. On the other hand we will inspect the different meanings of the word παραδίδωμι, to try and see how the different meanings and translations of this word impacted the perception that we have about Judas.
Влияние ионизирующего излучения на люминесцентные свойства кристаллов германата висмута.
Authors: Нуритдинов И. , Саидахмедов К.Х.
Published: June 2021

Исследовано влияние реакторного излучения на люминесцентные свойства и спектры поглощения монокристаллов германата висмута Bi4Ge3O12 (BGO). Выявлено, что деградация люминесцентных свойств кристалла обусловлена появлением полос поглощения 300−400 нм в области возбуждения ионов Bi, т.е. снижением энергии электронных возбуждений (ЭЭВ) и образованием центров окрасок в области 500−600 нм, где люминесцируют ионы Bi, которые реабсорбируют излучение центрами окрасок.
Menelisik Pengembangan Profesi Widyaiswara : Inovasi Paten
Authors: Yuswanto Slamet
Published: June 2021

This paper aims to find out the implementation of the provisions of Article 8 paragraph (4) letter d of the Minister of Administrative Reform and Bureaucratic Reform No. 22 of 2014 concerning Widyaiswara's Functional Position and Credit Numbers. The writing method uses normative-empirical legal research with a synchronization approach to several laws and regulations. Primary data were obtained from interviews with widyaiswara, while secondary data came from laws, government regulations and ministerial empowerment ministerial regulations. The research results obtained that the provisions of Widyaiswara's professional development through the discovery of patented innovations and who have been included in the list of patents in accordance with their specialized fields of expertise, cannot be implemented by Widyaiswara.
Pembinaan Pasca Diklat Untuk Menjaga Nilai-Nilai Integritas Di Tempat Kerja
Authors: Kismanto Bambang
Published: June 2021

This research is an evaluation post-training of anti-corruption subject,   that aims to maintain the internalization of integrity values consisting of honest, empaty, independent, disciplined, responsible, hardworking, simple, brave, and fair. evaluation post training is done by various methods including coaching methods, methods of providing motivation both written and audio, and reward method. The method is evaluated using a self-assessment questionnaire. The conclusion of the study states that the method with coaching by mentors and facilitators post-training is more effective to maintain the value of anti-corruption / integrity in the workplace.
Evaluasi Pasca Diklat Kepemimpinan Tingkat III Tahun 2018 Pusdiklat Perdagangan Kementerian Perdagangan
Authors: Simamora Caterin Magdalena
Published: June 2021

This  research was  conducted to  evaluate the  implementation of  Level  III  Leadership Training (Diklatpim) in 2018. This study used a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The purpose of this study is to evaluate aspects Diklatpim III. The education and training components being evaluated are the improvement of alumni performance, organization, behavior change, curriculum and the constraints to completing the change project (final project). This research shows that Diklatpim level III in 2018 has been running well and in accordance with specified criteria although there are still some obstacles in the follow-up to the medium to long term output, one of which is the problem of promotion and mutation.
SARS-CoV-2: Comparison of Active Immunity Acquired by Natural Exposure versus Inoculation of HCW
Authors: Shah Shagun Bhatia , Chawla Rajiv , Mehta Anurag
Published: June 2021

Background: The immune response to vaccination is not expected to be the same in COVID-19 survivors and COVID-naïve population. There is a deficiency of specific guidelines regarding vaccination (number and temporal spacing of doses) for the burgeoning subset of population which has recovered from COVID-19 due to paucity of literature.
Methodology: This prospective, observational, single-centric, case-control study compares the IgG-antibody count at two time-points (post first and second inoculation) in 33 COVID-survivors Group-P) and 31 COVID-naïve (Group-N) health care workers. Adverse events post-inoculation were recorded. Paired and independent sample t-tests were used for intra and intergroup comparison, respectively. Data was expressed as bar-charts, dotted box-whisker and dot-line plots. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean IgG count in Group-P was 23.58±2.06 arbitrary units (AU) whereas that in Group-N was 12.20±8.01 AU after first inoculation. All Group-P patients had a count ≥ 20AU. The mean IgG-count in Group-P was 25.48±2.79AU whereas that in Group-N was 16.40±6.55AU after the second dose of vaccination. 10 HCW in Group-N but none in Group-P developed COVID-19 after second inoculation.
Conclusion: All COVID-naïve persons must mandatorily be administered both doses of vaccination (their IgG-titres reach protective levels only after the second inoculation). The second inoculation provides no additional benefit in COVID-survivors (2 crore 73 lac Indians) since their IgG-counts cross the 18AU mark (high protection), after the first dose itself. Triage of this resource to COVID-naïve population can ameliorate vaccine-shortage. Separate explicit guidelines for vaccination of corona-survivors may need formulation on a priority basis. Although both are protective, natural infection confers more robust immunity than vaccination. Pre-emptive paracetamol nullifies most post-inoculation adverse effects.

Keywords: Adverse events; COVID-naïve; COVID-survivor; Immunity; Vaccination.
Peran Guru PAK sebagai Teladan dalam Meningkatkan Kerohanian dan Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Triposa Reni , Arifianto Yonatan Alex , Hendrilia Yudi
Published: June 2021

The state of the age and its development so rapidly influencing the world become a challenge for students and especially teachers in giving roles and tasks to education especially Christian education. But the role of the teacher in writing that uses library research with a qualitative descriptive approach is expected to improve human resources and bring students to grow in spirituality and character that can build a nation through a person who is strong in relying on God.  The Role of Teachers Christian religious education as a role model in enhancing the spirituality and character of learners must be a priority in learning as a form of implying affective values. Teachers as role models in improving the spirituality and character of students, the teacher in this study was asked to have the first responsibility in carrying out the tasks, roles and responsibilities of teachers of Christian religious education. Then the teacher must realize that the Christian Religious Education teacher is an exemplary leader. And then the Master works closely with the church and family to bring about an increase in spirituality and character. And finally the Master must be led by the Holy Spirit.
Crop Water Condition Mapping by Optical Remote Sensing
Authors: Wojtaszek M.V. , Abdurahmanov I.
Published: June 2021

Crop water stress monitoring represents a fundamental step in agricultural production. In order to increase water savings and enhance agricultural sustainability, implementation of suitable irrigation scheduling methods is essential, and requires early detection of water stress in crops, before it causes irreversible damage and yield loss. There are different methods to measure water stress, some of them are based on soil moisture measurements while others are based on calculations of vegetation indices, evapotranspiration or soil water balance. Currently, the use of remote sensing technologies for the analysis of plant water status comprises a wide range of available methods such as infrared thermometry for canopy temperature measures, microwave radiation for soil water content assessment, and spectral vegetation indices for the study of the reflectance responses of canopies to different environmental conditions. The aim of the presented work is to investigate the applicability of the optical trapezoid model (OPtical TRApezoid Model) in mapping the moisture content within agricultural field. The model ability to provide vegetation characteristics, and crop water status at the canopy scale can improve the site-specific decision-making process in a precision agriculture.
Site Suitability Analysis for Road in Mountainous Terrain Region of Papua New Guinea (A Case Study of Salt Noname Karimui District of Simbu Province)
Authors: Poi N , Samanta S. , Sekac T.
Published: June 2021

Road infrastructure developments in rural Papua New Guinea (PNG) have not picked up pace due to mountainous and difficult geographical landscape. Hence road accessibility in rural Salt Nomane Karimui (SNK) District of Simbu province is emerged as a serious concern particularly with regard to impact of poor accessibility and mobility on agricultural produce and ability to access public amenities. Governing agencies have plans in place for road connectivity in Karimui region and other parts of SNK district but their attempts remain unsuccessful due to difficult geography and lack of technical data. This study utilized Geographical Information System (GIS) and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) techniques through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to develop site suitability model to evaluate mountainous terrain and forest road connectivity in SNK district. The approach looking at in this research is to classify suitability factors into two principle classes’ i.e. Geophysical and Geotechnical influence as principle factors. Relatively important geophysical factors influencing road suitability sites including altitude, slope, river network, road and rainfall data are integrated to generate alternatively suitability map one. Geotechnical factors influencing road suitability sites including Lithology, Soil Texture and Landform are integrated to generate alternatively suitability map two. The final suitability map is produced by integrating the thematic layers of two principle factors and classified into five suitability classes i.e. less suitable, marginally less suitable, moderately suitable, suitable and highly suitable.
National Program of Opisthorchiasis in Thailand; Situation and Policy Strategy
Authors: Kitphati R , Watanawong O. , Wongsaroj T. , Nithikathkul c.
Published: June 2021

Opisthorchiasisis, a chronic parasitic inflammatory disease of the bile ducts, caused by liver fluke or Opisthorchis viverrini infections is a crucial significant public health problem in Thailand. Most evidence of Opisthorchiasis is reported from national programs. Thus the magnitude of liver fluke infection at the national level required to assess the effectiveness of the national opisthorchiasis control program. In Thailand, infections with Opisthorchis viverrini are associated with a high mortality secondary to Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). A systematic countrywide national survey in Thailand already reported from the past more than half-century (59 years) in 1957 to date in 2019, revealed the declining trend of the overall helminthiasis infection from 62.9% (in 1957) to 8.13% (in 2009). The National Opisthorchiasis control program managers have initiated and established a national plan to prevent and control these eradicate diseases through the interaction and responses of the provincial public health sectors. However, the national control program managers need to have information determined by evidence-based needs. These intensive data are representative of all ages of the population of Thailand and are derived from the national household survey. The national prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini in this study was carried out in 77 provinces. A total of 9,904 samples of stool specimens were obtained from the population by using a cluster random sampling under WHO guidelines. The results of this large scale survey showed that the overall prevalence of Opisthorchaisis among Thai people was 4.0%. The highest prevalence of O. viverrini was 11.9 %, in the health region 5 in the Northeast region. During this national survey of Opisthorchiasis, geographic information is also conducted to investigate the prevalence of O. viverrini. The spatial analysis would be the trends and analyze the risk factors that correlate with infections among rural Thai people. The recommendation that already showed the impact of National program useful for every country especially in Mae King basin for elimination and control for opisthorchiasis.
Comparative Evaluation of Open Source Urban Simulation Models Applied to Colombo City and Environs in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasinghe P. , Kantakumar L.N. , Raghavan V. , Yonezawa G.
Published: June 2021

Availability of a variety of urban growth models make model selection to be an important factor in urban simulation studies. In this regard, a comparative evaluation of available urban growth models helps to choose a suitable model for the study area. Thus, we selected three open-source simulation models namely FUTURES, SLEUTH and MOLUSCE to compare in their simplest state to provide a guidance for selection of an urban growth model for Colombo. The urban extent maps of 1997, 2005, 2008, 2014 and 2019 derived from Landsat imageries were used in calibration and validation of models. Models were implemented with the minimum required data with default settings. The simulation results indicate that the estimated quantity of urban growth (148.91 km2) during 2008-2019 by FUTURES model is matching closely with observed urban growth (127.37 km2) during 2008-2019. On the other hand, the SLEUTH model showed an overestimation (250.56 km2) and MOLUSCE showed an underestimation (77.11 km2). Further, the spatial accuracy of urban growth simulation of SLEUTH (Figure of Merit = 0.26) is relatively better in comparison to FUTURES (0.20) and MOLUSCE (0.20). Considering the tradeoff between computational overheads and obtained results, FUTURES could be a good choice over SLEUTH and MOLUSCE, when these models implemented in their simplest form with minimum required datasets. As a future work, we propose the incorporation of exclusion factor for potential surface generation to mitigate the overestimation of urban areas in SLUETH.
Assessment and Suitability Study of Landfills in Jordan, Al-karak Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Authors: Alsarayreh H.K. , Alsarayreh D.W.
Published: June 2021

The rate of waste generation is gradually growing due to population growth and urbanization in Jordan, and the increasing population at risk due to forced migration from neighbouring countries. By 2050, waste production will rise to 3.04 billion tons by 70% since 2016. Specially, that the most sites in Jordan do not comply with the scientific standards. That led this study to aim for creating a suitability map, based on conducting two technical methods and surveying three existing landfill sites located in the target area( Al-Karak, Jordan), in addition to suggesting new landfill sites using GIS. 15 criteria were tested socially, economically, and environmentally. Data and GIS data were collected from different local and international websites. Through a predefined scale of sub-criteria, the first suitability map was extracted by equal weight after combining buffering zones and inverse distance weighted (IDW) by applying Algebra map into Arch map. Also, overlay weight was adopted by taking various weights, according to previous studies and authors’ point of view. Two suitability maps were extracted and classified into four classes relative to DOS (degree of suitability), mapped out every existing and potential landfills. The results of the equal weight suitability map showed that 45% of the area is inadequate and 7% is fairly suitable for landfill, whereas different weight suitability map showed that only 4% is inadequate and 6% is fairly suitable for landfill. Each method showcased different areas, this indicates weight plays a major role, and the low effects of soil weight may be a result of the negative difference ratio (41%) between the two approaches in an inadequate ranking. This study is important because it provide necessary data on the viability of new dumps site based on important factors, leading to future research and new techniques. Improved landfills suitability will positively influence the economies of Jordan and the municipal economies. Finally, the authors recommend a long-term sustainability policy to counter the harmful impact of burying.
Behaviour Change in Drought Response and Management: Case Study of Mudzi District, Zimbabwe
Authors: Chigavazira Tendai , Zandamela Horácio Lucas
Published: June 2021

This paper seeks to contribute to the droughts discourse through explaining the vulnerability of women to droughts by analysing the different livelihood strategies employed by women and their responses. The conservation of resources (COR) theory and ecological theory was applied to understand the issues of vulnerability, adaptation and coping with droughts. A qualitative approach was utilised through the application of semi-structured interviews, observation and document review tools. Although the element of behavioural change is illuminated in the behavioural theories and applied in some studies such as HIV and AIDS, this element is missing in the drought literature. In this paper, the behavioural change element that emerged is not only important but also relevant in understanding the dynamics associated with drought responses. This generates a novice understanding and explanation of the vulnerability of women to droughts and in so doing, it shapes the drought discourse beyond the traditional arena.
Ideologi Representasi Identitas dalam Film Adaptasi Oeroeg
Authors: Sasongko Ario
Published: June 2021

Meski menggunakan judul dan sudut pandang tokoh utama yang sama, ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam novel dan film Oeroeg. Sebagai sebuah adaptasi yang menghadirkan karya baru, film ini tetap tak bisa melepaskan sudutpandang superioritas Barat, yang diwakilkan oleh Belanda, terhadap Timur, yang diwakilkan oleh orang-orang Pribumi. Sudut pandang itulah yang menonjol dalam film Oeroeg, yang seolah memberi pesan bahwa Belandalah yangmemberikan kesadaran kemerdekaan bagi Indonesia. Tulisan ini juga akan mengkritisi pendapat Pamela Pattynama yang mengatakan bahwa film Oeroeg merefleksikan rasa bersalah orang-orang Belanda pada masa penjajahan.
Seni dan Politik di Indonesia
Authors: Sedyawati Edi
Published: June 2021

Seni dan Politik di Indonesia
Pemindahan dan Pemanfaatan Omah sebagai Ruang Komersial di Jakarta (Studi Kasus Restoran Warung Solo, Jakarta Selatan)
Authors: Sari Fajarwati Ade Ariyani
Published: June 2021

Omah adalah rumah tradisional Jawa yang didirikan dengan konsep penciptaan sesuai dengan lingkungan dan karakter hidup penghuninya. Seiring perubahan zaman, masyarakat di lingkungan budaya Jawa mulai meninggalkan Omah dengan bangunan yang lebih baru, murah dan efisien. Di saat yang bersamaan, manusia urban setiap hari hidup di dalam suasana modern yang serba cepat efektif, dan praktis, berbeda dengan kehidupan di Jawa. Beberapa manusia urban yang mempunyai keterkaitan dan ketertarikanku dengan identitas Jawa, menginginkan untuk memiliki Omah di lingkungan hidupnya sebagaimana di kota yang serba seragam. Terjadilah proses negosiasi yang mengakibatkan perpindahan Omah, dari daerah Jawa ke kota besar seperti Jakarta. Pembahasan mengenai asal muasal Omah, bagaimana proses perpindahannya ke Jakarta, bagaimana relasi antara gaya hidup, perubahan makna Omah, kepentingan modal serta kebutuhan ruang komersial yang mampu menarik pengunjung, menjadi bahasan yang penting dalam penelitian ini.
A Tale of Two Journals: An Analysis of History Articles Published from 1973 to 2017
Authors: Patel Sutchin
Published: June 2021

Objectives The Journal of Urology (JU) and Urology have different policies regarding the publication of articles devoted to urologic history. JU stopped publishing full length historical articles in 2009. We wished to assess the pattern and frequency of historical article publishing in the two of the largest urologic journals. Methods We used a PubMed and manually based search of all articles from JU and Urology and categorized each article by subject, especially whether they were wholly and/or subtantially devoted to a historical subject. Results From 1973-2000, JU and Urology published 73 and 91 articles on the history of urology respectively. From 1997- 2008, JU experienced an increase in historical articles at a time when the History Forum was begun at the AUA Annual Meeting. Therafter, JU stopped publishing historical articles but Urology has published 35 from 2009-2017 at an average rate of 3.9 articles/year. Conclusions The journal Urology, but not JU, publishes a history of urology article about every 3 months. The study revealed the need for a journal wholly dedicated to the history of urology.
Rabbit Uroscopy and the Virgin Mary with Christ Child
Authors: Ng Casey
Published: June 2021

Objectives The depiction of a rabbit with a urinary matula on the same page with the Virgin Mary and the Christ child in a medieval text, the Book of Hours, has raised interests among art and medical historians. We will describe the complex interplay between the rabbit, the matula, and the Virgin Mary. Methods We studied the original illuminated texts from the medieval (ca. 1475) Book of Hours archived in the Morgan Library, New York. We reviewed articles and historical publications from art history and medical literature. Results The Book of Hours was composed for use by lay people who wished to incorporate elements of monasticism into their devotional life. There was often an amalgamation of religious and secular themes within these illustrated texts. The use of uroscopy to diagnose ailments was prevalent and popular during the Middle Ages and the depiction of a matula was not uncommon in medieval manuscripts. As a result, the urine flask came to be identified with and used as a symbol of the physician, much like the caduceus is today. From the fourth century to modernity, the rabbit has been an averter of evil and bringer of good luck. Rabbits functioned as motifs in many medieval manuscripts. The physician rabbit in the Book of Hours depicted charity, healing, and scholarship. Conclusions The bespectacled rabbit holding a ‘matula’ is utilized in this Christian religious text as a symbol of the healing properties and resurrection attributed to Jesus, potentially contributing to the reader’s religious experience.
Was President Andrew Jackson Overcharged? An Economic Evaluation of 19th Century Surgical Charges for Urologic Procedures and their Comparison to the Modern, RVU Era
Authors: Wong Vincent
Published: June 2021

Objectives Surgical billing is as old as the profession of surgery but there is no published data that has characterized changes in surgical fees over history. Surgical remuneration has been better studied in the Medicare era of relative value units (RVUs)-based payment but what surgeons charged in the American 18th and 19th centuries is unknown. President Andrew Jackson underwent surgery by Dr. James Hall for a hydrocele in 1832 and was billed, and then paid, $30. Our initial objective was to determine the appropriateness of Dr. Hall’s surgical billing for that era. We then wished to determine historical trends in physician billing for similar urologic procedures in the 18th-19th centuries compared to the current RVU era, correcting for inflation. Methods Published fee tables from 18th and 19th century regional medical societies, prevailing charge data from the Center for Medicare Services (CMS) from 1967-1985, and published RVU values and conversion numbers from 1992-2020 (CMS) were used for analysis. To correct for inflation, we used a published consumer price index (CPI) for 1774-2020 indexed to 2020 US dollars. Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to compare unpaired differences without parametric assumptions. Results A total of 43 fee tables from 18 states from 1818-1898 were identified. The $30 charge to President Jackson for hydrocele surgery was similar to other states’ medical society recommendations of the early 1830s. Over the 19th century, there was an insignificant increase in the low-end fee pricing for hydrocele surgery of $18.4 +/- 17.9 in 1818-1840 versus $28.70 +/- 36.83 from 1880-1890 (p > .05), adjusting for inflation. Similarly, for initial male urinary catheterization, the mean surgical fee of $4.28 +/- 1.25 in 1818-1850 was similar to the $4.75 +/- 5.62 mean surgical fee in 1851-1900 (p>.05). Adjusting to 2020 dollars, however, reimbursement for urinary catheterization in 1818-1850, 1850-1900, 1975-1984, and 1992-2020 was $113.04 +/- 38.06, $131.20 +/- 169.53, $73.87 +/- 2.38, and $23.05 +/- 4.69, respectively (p<.01). of 11%. Conclusions Dr. James Hall, physician to 10 US Presidents, appropriately billed the 7th President for what would be now described as a hydrocele drainage and scarification. Fees for that procedure remained stable or decreased throughout the 19th century. Surgical fees for male urinary catheterization, however, decreased 82% from the 1840s to the 2020s, correcting for inflation.
ESC rights: PUSHING THE FRONTIERS #1 | Women and public services#1 | Women and public services
Authors: Lozano Alejandra , Jameson Sarah , Aubry Sylvain , Sepúlveda Magdalena
Published: June 2021

This briefing paper aims to explore the role of public services in the transformation of asymmetrical power relations between women and men. Released on International Women’s Day, the brief argues that public services can play a decisive role in this transformation, by fostering a critical examination of gender roles, redistributing resources and opportunities and strengthening positive social practices that enhance gender equality. It puts forward five key elements for a gender-transformative approach to the management, delivery, funding and ownership of public services
Han Kang's Speculative Natural Histories Beyond Human Rights
Authors: Kim Adhy
Published: June 2021

This article asks what imaginative possibilities and limits may arise from South Korea's place in world literature and the novel of human rights. Looking at two novels by South Korean writer Han Kang, The Vegetarian and The Boy Is Coming (Human Acts in English), I examine how Han interrogates the “human” in human rights and proposes speculative philosophies of history that frame human rights violations, particularly in the context of the South Korean Cold War, within longer natural histories. In Han's imaginary, it is the specifically gendered body that labors to resolve Cold War memory into a natural history of capitalist destruction. If South Korea, as a sub-empire of global capitalism, has seemingly overcome state authoritarianism, Han's novels access the language of human rights in order to invoke “flashbacks” to mass people's movements as reminders of both democratic and labor struggle.
Applying a Contextual Integrity Framework to Privacy Policies for Smart Technologies
Authors: Shaffer Gwen
Published: June 2021

This research anticipates a future where “smart cities” rely extensively on data analytics to determine budget allocations, to manage traffic, to design infrastructure, and to advance sustainability efforts. In this study, Helen Nissenbaum's contextual integrity framework helps us understand how smart city residents consider privacy norms, and provides a structure for comparing these norms to current data privacy practices. The study findings and policy recommendations are based on focus group discussions with more than 80 residents of Long Beach, California, as well as 60 responses to an open-ended question asked in a smart city survey.
Here Lies Harriet Monroe: Poetry in the Depression
Authors: Ehlers Sarah
Published: June 2021

This article examines an overlooked archive of newspaper clippings and unpublished correspondence related to Harriet Monroe's death housed in the University of Chicago's Poetry, A Magazine of Verse Records in order to facilitate literary-historical interventions in modernist periodical studies as well as modern American poetry studies. Focusing on how Poetry and Monroe were described in non-elite, mass print culture and in the popular landscape of modern America, the essay demonstrates how, during the heightened political moment of the Great Depression, Monroe and her magazine acted as figures where ideals of poetry's role in national life were debated and stabilized.
Steinbeck Today
Authors: Ray William
Published: June 2021

The arrival of COVID caused closings and cancellations that severely affected Steinbeck news and events in the second, third, and fourth quarters of 2020. Institutions including the Steinbeck House, National Steinbeck Center, and Monterey Library reformatted accordingly, as did the host organization for an important address on Steinbeck and the American West. Promotional plans and major-publication reviews of William Souder's new biography of Steinbeck were also curtailed; some reviews were critical of Steinbeck's reputation and writing, though most reviewers accepted Souder's premise that anger was fundamental to Steinbeck's character from an early age. Travels with Charley remained a frequent focus.
MILTON NASCIMENTO: UMA HISTÓRIA CULTURAL DAS SENSIBILIDADES NA MPB
Authors:   Alberto Carlos de Souza, Souza Alberto Carlos de
Published: June 2021

Este estudo, tendo como proposta de condução o conceito de lugares de memória, foi elaborado a partir de duas obras fonográficas de Milton Nascimento, “Minas” e “Geraes”, lançadas, respectivamente, nos anos de 1975 e 1976 e que foram considerados pela crítica da época como a melhor tradução do “movimento” Clube da Esquina. Tais obras foram engendradas num contexto em que o Brasil vivia um momento de forte repressão política, circunstância na qual Milton Nascimento e seus parceiros percebem a hora de, em “Minas” cantar para dentro, em suas raízes mineiras e, em “Geraes” cantar para fora, ao incorporar à sua musicalidade elementos latino-americanos. “Minas & Geraes”, canto para dentro e para fora, como dizia Caetano Veloso, têm o significado de serem lugares sem frestas, onde não há “desbunde”, muito pelo contrário, há exposição de resistência nos corpos, na paixão, nos sentimentos, na fé e na memória; incapazes de serem tocados por um sistema cuja premissa era a total falta de sensibilidade para o humano e o universal. Se tratando da História das sensibilidades a memória, lembra os historiadores, é fato social, portanto, é arma. Para lembrar é preciso constituir memória. Uma forma específica de memória cujo compromisso com a verdade lhe dá sentido. A memória como “arma”, presente em algumas músicas justificaria este estudo. Constituir esta memória é apenas um dos escopos do nosso compromisso com a História Cultural da música e das sensibilidades. Sobre as sensibilidades, são entendidas como a tradução sensível das emoções, sensações e experiências dos indivíduos.
Penerapan Realistic Mathematics Education untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama pada Materi Pokok Fungsi
Authors: Silviana Dewi , Mikrayanti Mikrayanti , Jauhari Rista Salma , Furqan M.
Published: June 2021

Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa terutama pada meteri pokok fungsi. Hal ini disebabkan pembelajaran oleh guru kurang mengaitkan matematika dengan dunia nyata siswa. Akibatnya, siswa kurang mengahayati atau memahami dan rekontruksi konsep-konsep matematika, dan siswa mengalami kesulitan untuk mengaplikasikan matematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Siwa juga kurang aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, agar proses pembelajaran berjalan dengan baik maka diperlukan suatu metode pembelajaran yang melibatkan siswa aktif dalam proses  pembelajaran. Metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan disini adalah Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). Penerapan RME memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk menemukan kembali konsep-konsep matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII B SMPN 2 Bolo pada Materi Pokok Fungsi Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dikalukan dalam dua siklus, dimana siklus I terdiri dari 3 kali pertemuan, 2 kali pertemuan untuk proses pembelajaran dan 1 kali pertemuan untuk evaluasi. Siklus II terdiri dari 2 pertemuan, 1 kali pertemuan untuk pembelajaran dan 1 kali pertemuan untuk evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa yang didasari oleh meningkatnya aktivitas dan hasil  belajar siswa dari siklus ke siklus. Peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa pada hasil observasi siklus I dengan kategori sangat aktif, dan siklus II juga aktivitas belajar siswa berkategori sangat aktif. Melalui analisis hasil  evaluasi secara keseluruhan dari setiap siklus dapat dilihat adanya peningkatan presentase hasil belajar klasikal dari siklus I 71,29%, Siklus II 93,35%. Dengan melihat proses pembelajaran dan hasil evaluasi tersebut, diketahui bahwa Penerapan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) dapat Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa kelas VIII B SMPN 2 Bolo pada Materi Pokok Fungsi Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.
Penggunaan Lingkungan Sekolah sebagai Laboratorium IPA untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Kelas VII MTs. Al-Islahussibyan Dopang Gunung Sari
Authors: Nufus Hayatun
Published: June 2021

Pembelajaran biologi di MTs. Al-islahussibyan Dopang Gunung Sari masih menggunakan pola pendekatan yang bersifat klasikal yaitu guru lebih mendominasi proses pembelajaran. Guru hanya menyampaikan materi dengan metode ceramah dan dan menjawab soal, sedangkan siswa hanya duduk, diam, mencatat dan mengerjakan soal. Penyajian materi seperti pola tersebut dapat menimbulkan gejala kejenuhan terhadap siswa, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui implikasi penggunaan lingkungan sekolah sebagai laboratorium IPA dalam meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa di MTs. Al- Islahussibyan Dopang Gunung Sari Tahun Pelajaran 2010/2011. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus yang terdiri atas atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada 2 yaitu: data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kuantitatif berupa lembar observasi keterlaksanaan RPP, observasi kegiatan guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan lembar angket aktivitas siswa, sedangkan data kuantitatif diperoleh dari hasil evaluasi tes hasil belajar siswa yang diberikan pada akhir  setiap siklus untuk mendapatkan data  mengenai hasil belajar siswa. Dari hasil penelitian  menunjukan bahwa ada peningkatan aktivitas dalam belajar biologi dengan penggunaan lingkungan sekolah sebagai laboratorium IPA. Pada siklus I sebesar 75% dengan kategori tinggi  dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 76% dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Peningkatan juga terlihat pada hasil belajar siswa, pada siklus I ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar yang dicapai sebesar 70% dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 85% dengan kategori tuntas. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan lingkungan sekolah sebagai laboratorium IPA dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa Kelas VII MTs. Al-Islahussibyan Dopang Gunung Sari Tahun Pelajaran 2010/2011.
ANALISIS FEASIBILITAS MEDICATION EVENT MONITORING SYSTEM CAP DALAM PENINGKATAN KEPATUHAN MINUM OBAT PADA ORANG DENGAN SKIZOFRENIA : A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Alfunnafi Alfunnafi , Rizzal Fahrul Rizzal
Published: June 2021

Pendahuluan: Pengobatan orang dengan skizofrenia memerlukan jangka waktu pengobatan yang panjang, meliputi terapi farmakologi maupun terapi psikososial. Kondisi ini memicu potensi terjadinya putus obat yang berakibat kekambuhan orang dengan skizofrenia. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan salah satunya dengan menggunakan teknologi. Salah satu inovasi teknologi tersebut adalah metode pengawasan kepatuhan menggunakan MEMS® cap. Alat ini digunakan untuk melakukan pengawasan kepatuhan minum obat secara elektronik.

 Metode: Metode penulisan menggunakan non systematic literature review.

 Hasil: MEMS® cap terbukti efektif digunakan di berbagai negara seperti di Eropa, Amerika, dan Asia dalam menjalankan fungsinya dalam pengawasan kepatuhan pengobatan klien skizofrenia.

 Kesimpulan: Teknologi (MEMS®) cap merupakan solusi dalam meningkatkan upaya kepatuhan minum obat pada orang dengan skizofrenia dan memudahkan tenaga kesehatan dalam mengawasi penggunaan obat yang dianjurkan. Teknologi ini memberikan kemudahan dengan menyediakan layanan penentuan dosis obat, waktu pengobatan, dan alarm pengingat.