bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Human Leukocyte Antigen Locus and Rheumatic Heart Disease Susceptibility in South Asians and Europeans
Authors: Auckland Kathryn , Mittal Balraj , Cairns Benjamin J. , Garg Naveen , Kumar Surendra , Mentzer Alexander J. , Kado Joseph , Perman Mai Ling , Steer Andrew C. , Hill Adrian V. S. , Parks Tom
Published: June 2020

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD), an autoinflammatory heart disease, was recently declared a global health priority by the World Health Organization. Here we report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of RHD susceptibility in 1,163 South Asians (672 cases; 491 controls) recruited in India and Fiji. We analysed directly obtained and imputed genotypes, and followed-up associated loci in 1,459 Europeans (150 cases; 1,309 controls) from the UK Biobank study. We identify a novel susceptibility signal in the class III region of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex in the South Asian dataset that clearly replicates in the Europeans (rs201026476; combined odds ratio 1.81, 95% confidence intervals 1.51–2.18, P = 3.48×10−10). Importantly, this signal remains despite conditioning on the lead class I and class II variants (P = 0.00033). These findings suggest the class III region is a key determinant of RHD susceptibility offering important new insight into pathogenesis while partly explaining the inconsistency of earlier reports.
Diagnosis of NTM active infection in lymphadenopathy patients with anti-interferon-gamma auto-antibody using inhibitory ELISA vs. indirect ELISA
Authors: Nithichanon Arnone , Chetchotisakd Ploenchan , Matsumura Takayuki , Takahashi Yoshimasa , Ato Manabu , Sakagami Takuro , Lertmemongkolchai Ganjana
Published: June 2020

The anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) autoantibody is a known cause of opportunistic non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection in adults. Diagnosis of those patients is difficult due to the low sensitivity of bacterial culture, and because detection of the neutralizing autoantibody needs special laboratory devices. We conducted a retrospective review of indirect and inhibitory ELISA, both used for detection of anti-IFN-gamma auto-antibody in 102 patients with lymphadenopathies. We assessed hospital records of NTM isolation and/or diagnosis of NTM infection. The review revealed the compatible sensitivity and superior specificity and predictive values for inhibitory ELISA over against indirect ELISA—the latter achieving 100% specificity and positive predictive value for diagnosis of NTM infection in patients with lymphadenopathies. The results confirm functional assays that show plasma samples from NTM-infected patients with positive results by either indirect and/or inhibitory ELISA are IFN-gamma neutralizing autoantibodies. The inhibitory titer of anti-IFN-gamma auto-antibody can be used to distinguish patients with active from inactive NTM infection. Inhibitory ELISA is thus a practical, rapid, high performance tool for routine detection of anti-IFN-gamma autoantibody and NTM infection diagnosis before confirmation, enabling a timely therapeutic strategy for active infection treatment.
Repetitive, mild traumatic brain injury results in a progressive white matter pathology, cognitive deterioration, and a transient gut microbiota dysbiosis
Authors: Angoa-Pérez Mariana , Zagorac Branislava , Anneken John H. , Briggs Denise I. , Winters Andrew D. , Greenberg Jonathan M. , Ahmad Madison , Theis Kevin R. , Kuhn Donald M.
Published: June 2020

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often accompanied by gastrointestinal and metabolic disruptions. These systemic manifestations suggest possible involvement of the gut microbiota in head injury outcomes. Although gut dysbiosis after single, severe TBI has been documented, the majority of head injuries are mild, such as those that occur in athletes and military personnel exposed to repetitive head impacts. Therefore, it is important to determine if repetitive, mild TBI (rmTBI) will also disrupt the gut microbiota. Male mice were exposed to mild head impacts daily for 20 days and assessed for cognitive behavior, neuropathology and disruptions in the gut microbiota at 0, 45 or 90 days after injury. Deficits in recognition memory were evident at the late post-injury points. Brains show an early increase in microglial activation at the 0-day time point that persisted until 90 days post-injury. This was compounded by substantial increases in astrocyte reactivity and phosphorylated tau at the 90-day time point. In contrast, changes in the microbial community were minor and transient, and very few differences were observed in mice exposed to rmTBI compared to controls. While the progressive emergence of white matter damage and cognitive alterations after rmTBI resembles the alterations observed in athletes and military personnel exposed to rmTBI, these changes could not be linked to systematic modifications in the gut microbiota.
Surface structure on diamond foils generated by spatially nonuniform laser irradiation
Authors: Kato Hiroki , Nagatomo Hideo , Nakai Mitsuo , Sakaiya Tatsuhiro , Terasaki Hidenori , Kondo Tadashi , Hironaka Yoichiro , Shimizu Katsuya , Shigemori Keisuke
Published: June 2020

Here we report on the effects of material strength factors on the generation of surface structure due to nonuniform laser irradiation. The influence of material strength on the generation of perturbation on a diamond surface subjected to nonuniform laser irradiation was experimentally investigated. Our previous investigations suggested that stiffer and denser materials reduce surface perturbation due to spatially nonuniform laser irradiation, which was reproduced well by calculations with multi-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation code. In this work, we found that local fractures due to yield strength failure are generated by high degrees of irradiation non-uniformity. A characteristic crack-like surface structure was observed, which was not reproduced by the 2D simulation code calculations at all. The 2D simulations showed that the pressure at the diamond surface locally exceeds the Hugoniot elastic limit due to nonuniform irradiation, implying the potential for development of surface perturbations. We also measured the areal-density distribution of perturbations for single-crystal diamond and diamond with a thin high atomic number (high-Z) coating on its surface. The experimental results imply that the combination of a stiff material and thin high-Z coating can suppress the solid-strength effects caused by large irradiation non-uniformity. The knowledge given here is applicable to inertial confinement fusion target design, laser material processing, and universal problems involving solids and high-energy-density plasmas.
(Fe,Ni)2P allabogdanite can be an ambient pressure phase in iron meteorites
Authors: Litasov Konstantin D. , Bekker Tatyana B. , Sagatov Nursultan E. , Gavryushkin Pavel N. , Krinitsyn Pavel G. , Kuper Konstantin E.
Published: June 2020

An orthorhombic modification of (Fe,Ni)2P, allabogdanite, found in iron meteorites was considered to be thermodynamically stable at pressures above 8 GPa and temperatures of 1673 K according to the results of recent static high-pressure and high-temperature experiments. A hexagonal polymorphic modification of (Fe,Ni)2P, barringerite, was considered to be stable at ambient conditions. Experimental investigation through the solid-state synthesis supported by ab initio calculations was carried out to clarify the stability fields of (Fe,Ni)2P polymorphs. Both experimental and theoretical studies show that Fe2P-allabogdanite is a low-temperature phase stable at ambient conditions up to a temperature of at least 773 K and, therefore, is not necessarily associated with high pressures. This is consistent with the textural relationships of allabogdanite in iron meteorites.
A Study of Rainfall-Runoff Movement Process on High and Steep Slopes Affected by Double Turbulence Sources
Authors: Li Xinghua , Gao Jianen , Guo Zihao , Yin Yan , Zhang Xingchen , Sun Pengcheng , Gao Zhe
Published: June 2020

To increase the available land area, a large-scale land remediation campaign was carried out in the loess hilly and gully area. A large number of high and steep slopes have been produced in the construction of road engineering and water conservancy engineering, and these slopes will cause serious soil erosion under rainfall conditions. Because rainfall runoff is simultaneously affected by slope, bed surface and rainfall, the runoff movement characteristics are complex. It is difficult to consider all influencing factors in the existing models, especially for steep slopes. In this study, artificial rainfall experiments were conducted to study the rainfall-runoff hydraulic processes under different rainfall intensities and slope gradients, and a modified method was proposed to model the key hydraulic parameters (i.e., equilibrium time, water surface line, and runoff processes) on steep slopes. The results showed that (1) For steep slopes (a 70° slope compared to a 5° slope), the runoff generation time, confluence time and equilibrium time of the slope decreased significantly. At the same time, the single width runoff of the steep slope had a power function relationship with the rainfall intensity and gradient. (2) The runoff patterns of steep slopes were different from those on gentle slopes and runoff patterns were more likely to change. The Reynolds number and Froude number for slope flow changed slowly when the slope was less than the critical gradient and increased significantly when the slope exceeded the critical gradient. (3) Based on the analysis of the “double turbulent model theory of thin-layer flow on a high-steep slope”, combined with the dispersed motion wave model, a modified method for calculating the hydrodynamic factors of rainfall runoff was proposed. Then, this method was verified with indoor and outdoor experiments. The research results not only have theoretical significance, but also provide a more accurate calculation method for the design of high and steep slopes involved in land treatment engineering, road engineering and water conservancy engineering.
Author Correction: The interrelation of sleep and mental and physical health is anchored in grey-matter neuroanatomy and under genetic control
Authors: Tahmasian Masoud , Samea Fateme , Khazaie Habibolah , Zarei Mojtaba , Masouleh Shahrzad Kharabian , Hoffstaedter Felix , Camilleri Julia , Kochunov Peter , Yeo B. T. Thomas , Eickhoff Simon Bodo , Valk Sofie Louise
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Ethanol-to-butadiene: the reaction and its catalysts
Authors: Pomalaza Guillaume , Arango Ponton Paola , Capron Mickaël , Dumeignil Franck
Published: June 2020

Catalytic conversion of ethanol is a promising technology for producing sustainable butadiene. This paper reviews the reaction and its catalysts, and discusses the challenges their development faces.
Pt(0)-Catalysed synthesis of new bifunctional silanes
Authors: Januszewski Rafał , Dutkiewicz Michał , Franczyk Adrian , Kownacki Ireneusz
Published: June 2020

We report herein very efficient syntheses of new functional silanes obtained via olefin hydrosilylation.
Design of γ-AlOOH, γ-MnOOH, and α-Mn2O3 nanorods as advanced antibacterial active agents
Authors: Selim Mohamed S. , Hamouda Hamed , Hao Zhifeng , Shabana Samah , Chen Xiang
Published: June 2020

Three nanorods (NRs) of γ-AlOOH, γ-MnOOH, and α-Mn2O3 were synthesized by controlled regimes and applied as antimicrobial agents. Different microbial strains were used for the assessments and the results approved the highest activity for α-Mn2O3 NRs.
Mapping the properties of bidentate ligands with calculated descriptors (LKB-bid)
Authors: Fey Natalie , Koumi Alexander , Malkov Andrei V. , Moseley Jonathan D. , Nguyen Bao N. , Tyler Simon N. G. , Willans Charlotte E.
Published: June 2020

Ligand space for bidentates has been mapped, computationally, varying donors, substituents and backbones, to give a new database, LKB-bid.
Novel cost-effective acceptor:P3HT based organic solar cells exhibiting the highest ever reported industrial readiness factor
Authors: Andersen Thomas Rieks , Weyhe Anne Therese , Tao Qiang , Zhao Feng , Qin Ran , Zhang Shuhua , Chen Hongzheng , Yu Donghong
Published: June 2020

Novel acceptor enhances the industrial readiness of solution based organic solar cells for low-cost electricity production.
The effect of gallium substitution on the structure and electrochemical performance of LiNiO2 in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Kitsche David , Schweidler Simon , Mazilkin Andrey , Geßwein Holger , Fauth François , Suard Emmanuelle , Hartmann Pascal , Brezesinski Torsten , Janek Jürgen , Bianchini Matteo
Published: June 2020

Ga-doped LiNiO2 is reinvestigated. Ga is suggested to occupy the Li site. Detailed structural and electrochemical characterization is provided.
Hybrid poly(allylamine hydrochloride)–graphene oxide microcapsules: preparation, characterization and application in textiles with controlled release behavior
Authors: Zhao Zhiqi , Li Qiujin , Gong Jixian , Li Zheng , Zhang Jianfei
Published: June 2020

This work represents hybrid poly(allylamine hydrochloride)-graphene oxide microcapsules formedvialayer-by-layer technique, which can be coated on cotton fabric for textiles with controlled release behavior, based on pH and near-infrared responsiveness.
Recent applications of biphotonic processes in organic synthesis
Authors: Castellanos-Soriano Jorge , Herrera-Luna Jorge C. , Díaz Díaz David , Jiménez M. Consuelo , Pérez-Ruiz Raúl
Published: June 2020

Organic synthesis mediated by biphotonic processes has gained great momentum in the last five years. Herein, an overview of the existing examples is reported.
Enhanced sintering resistance of bimetal/SBA-15 catalysts with promising activity under a low temperature for CO methanation
Authors: Tao Miao , Zhou Changlu , Shi Yaoqi , Meng Xin , Gu Jia , Gao Wenli , Xin Zhong
Published: June 2020

Well-dispersed bimetallic catalysts with confinement effects and strong interaction lead to superior low-temperature activity and excellent thermostability.
Ab initio theory study of laser cooling of barium monohalides
Authors: Yang Rong , Tang Bin , Han XiangYu
Published: June 2020

The feasibility of laser cooling barium monohalides BaX (X = F, Cl, Br, I) is investigated using ab initio methods with the inclusion of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effects.
Segregated poly(arylene sulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplatelet composites for electromagnetic interference shielding prepared by the partial dissolution method
Authors: Yang Jia-Cao , Wang Xiao-Jun , Zhang Gang , Wei Zhi-Mei , Long Sheng-Ru , Yang Jie
Published: June 2020

The segregated structure prepared by controlling the dissolution process endows the composites with both excellent EMI SE and high mechanical strength.
The broad-spectrum and ultra-sensitive detection of zeranol and its analogues by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cattle origin samples
Authors: Yin Mengqi , Hu Xiaofei , Sun Yaning , Xing Yunrui , Chai Shujun , Xing Guangxu , Yang Yanyan , Teng Man , Li Qingmei , Wang Yao , Deng Ruiguang , Zhang Gaiping
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a broad-spectrum and ultra-sensitive ic-ELISA method for the rapid detection of zeranol and its analogues in cattle origin samples.
Preparation, characterization and evaluation of a new film based on chitosan, arginine and gold nanoparticle derivatives for wound-healing efficacy
Authors: Wang Kai , Qi Zhiping , Pan Su , Zheng Shuang , Wang Haosheng , Chang YuXin , Li Hongru , Xue Pan , Yang Xiaoyu , Fu Chuan
Published: June 2020

It is well-known that the combination of polymers and nanoparticles (NPs) provides optimised wound dressing and accelerates wound healing.
Recent advances in the synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically active quinoline and its analogues: a review
Authors: Weyesa Abdanne , Mulugeta Endale
Published: June 2020

Recently, quinoline has become an essential heterocyclic compound due to its versatile applications in the fields of industrial and synthetic organic chemistry.
Photoelectrical properties of graphene/doped GeSn vertical heterostructures
Authors: Lv Yanhui , Li Hui , Ó Coileáin Cormac , Zhang Duan , Heng Chenglin , Chang Ching-Ray , Hung K.-M. , Cheng Huang Hsiang , Wu Han-Chun
Published: June 2020

The photoelectrical properties of graphene integrated with doped GeSn have been investigated and a high performance broadband photodetection can be achieved by integration of graphene with n-type GeSn.
Hydrophilic “bridge” H–C3N4 stabilizing CuO onto graphenes with enhanced energy density for asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Li Yue , Kamdem Pascal , Cheng Chen , Jin Xiao-Juan , Liu Xinyan
Published: June 2020

A novel hydrophilic “bridge” method for stabilizing CuO on graphene by employing H-C3N4 as the “glue” to fabricate hydrophilic hybrids which features unique structure with high conductivity and significant electroactive sites.
Computational fluid dynamics and discrete element simulation of the formation of inorganic syngas contaminants during lignocellulosic biomass gasification
Authors: Oyedeji Oluwafemi , Abdoulmoumine Nourredine
Published: June 2020

We report in this study the development of a computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) model to predict the yield of deleterious nitrogen and sulfur contaminants (NH3, HCN, H2S, COS, and SO2) during biomass gasification.
Nanodisc self-assembly is thermodynamically reversible and controllable
Authors: Camp Tyler , Sligar Stephen G.
Published: June 2020

Fluorescence and optical spectroscopy reveals that Nanodisc assembly is thermodynamically reversible and controllable.
Interfacial engineering of noble metals for electrocatalytic methanol and ethanol oxidation
Authors: Lyu Fenglei , Cao Muhan , Mahsud Ayaz , Zhang Qiao
Published: June 2020

A comprehensive review on the interfacial engineering of noble-metal-based MOR and EOR electrocatalysts is presented.
Role of interfaces in controlling charge accumulation and injection in the photodetection performance of photomultiplication-type organic photodetectors
Authors: Guo Dechao , Yang Dezhi , Zhao Jingcheng , Vadim Agafonov , Ma Dongge
Published: June 2020

High performance PM-OPDs were achieved by strategically decreasing the dark current and regulating the interfaces to control charge accumulation and injection.
Novel thermally self-crosslinkable diarylfluorene-based copolymers for efficient and stable blue light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liu Alei , Liu Zhe , Lin Hong , Tang Wenwei , Lin Zesen , Zhang Weina , Qi Zhengjian , Gu Xiaofei , Mo Yueqi , Hou Lintao
Published: June 2020

A new series of thermally initiated self-crosslinkable diarylfluorene-based copolymers have been reasonably designed and successfully synthesized, aiming to improve both efficiency and stability of blue light-emitting diodes.
SeizureNet: a model for robust detection of epileptic seizures based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhao Wei , Wang Wenfeng
Published: June 2020

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder and generally detected by electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The manual inspection of epileptic seizures is a time‐consuming and laborious process. Extensive automatic detection algorithms were proposed by using traditional approaches, which show good accuracy for several specific EEG classification problems but perform poorly in others. To address this issue, the authors present a novel model, named SeizureNet, for robust detection of epileptic seizures using EEG signals based on convolutional neural network. Firstly, they utilise two convolutional neural networks to extract time‐invariant features from single‐channel EEG signals. Then, a fully connected layer is employed to learn high‐level features. Finally, these features are supplied to a softmax layer to classify. They evaluated the model on a benchmark database provided by the University of Bonn and adopted a ten‐fold cross‐validation approach. The proposed model has achieved the accuracy of 98.50–100.00% in classifying non‐seizure and seizure, 97.00–99.00% in classifying healthy, inter‐ictal and ictal, and 95.84% in classifying among five‐class EEG states.
Warum können Gruppentherapien bei Krebspatienten hilfreich sein? Eine qualitative Studie zu psychodynamischer Kunst-, Tanzund Gruppenpsychotherapie mit Brustkrebspatientinnen
Authors: Caspari Cornelia , Ritter Lisa , Härtl Kristin
Published: June 2020

In einer qualitativen Studie haben wir die Erwartungen und Ängste von Brustkrebspatientinnen in einer psychodynamischen Gruppentherapie untersucht. Diese umfasst zwölf Termine mit Kunst- und Tanztherapie sowie Gesprächstherapie. In den Interviews mit den Patientinnen wird deutlich, dass Ängste zu Ressourcen werden können, wenn das Potenzial bzw. der Raum zum offenen Ansprechen und Durcharbeiten der schweren Gefühle gegeben wird.
Was gute Arbeit braucht – Kontextuelle Voraussetzungen stationärer (Gruppen-)Psychotherapie
Authors: König Oliver
Published: June 2020

Soziale Systeme haben zwei Aufgaben zu bewältigen: die Funktionen zu erfüllen, für die sie gedacht sind, und die sozialen Bedingungen bereitstellen, aufrechterhalten und reproduzieren, die dies ermöglichen. Dieser Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit diesen sozialen Bedingungen bzw. der dafür nötigen Beschäftigung eines sozialen Systems mit sich selbst.
Angstbewältigung in der Gruppe
Authors: Dahm-Mory Claudia , Wilms Hans-Ulrich
Published: June 2020

Für Patienten mit Angsterkrankungen von langer Dauer und fehlgeschlagenen Behandlungsversuchen kann ein interdisziplinäres Behandlungskonzept hilfreich sein. Am Beispiel einer systemisch-verhaltenstherapeutischen Gruppentherapie mit Selbstmanagementanteilen wird im Folgenden erläutert, wie unterschiedliche therapeutische Ausrichtungen konstruktiv miteinander arbeiten können.
Fallbericht Schlafstörung
Authors: Bude Katrin Johanna , Schulz Linda , Ziegler Matthias
Published: June 2020

Eine freundlich, verhalten wirkende, altmodisch gekleidete 55-jährige Frau wird vom Psychiater zur psychoedukativen Gruppe gegen Schlafstörungen in meine Praxis überwiesen. Schlafstörungen und Erschöpfung belasten sie enorm. Sie erhofft sich eine Verbesserung ihrer Situation.
Gruppenpsychotherapie – Versorgungsrealität, Rahmenbedingungen und Ablauf
Authors: Mattke Dankwart , Mohnke Eva
Published: June 2020

In diesem Artikel beschreiben wir die Versorgung mit Gruppenpsychotherapie im ambulanten Setting, erörtern die formalen Rahmenbedingungen in Ausbildung und Durchführung von Gruppenpsychotherapien und geben einen kurzen Einblick in den Ablauf einer verhaltenstherapeutischen Gruppenpsychotherapie.
Neulich bei Coliquio
Authors: Gerke Stephan
Published: June 2020

Anhand eines Interviews von Natalie Grams wird die aktuelle Studienlage kurz beleuchtet. Es wird diskutiert, ob die wenig eindrucksvollen Studienergebnisse, die deutlich hinter dem „gefühlten Behandlungserfolgen“ in den homöopathischen Praxen zurückbleiben, nicht auch Resultat der aktuellen Methodenvielfalt in der Homöopathie sind. Aphoristisch werden einige Verschreibungen, die der Autor bei diversen Seminaren erlebte, beschrieben. Es wird dringend an die homöopathische Gemeinschaft appelliert, die nach Meinung des Autors längst überfällige Diskussion um die Validität und die Validierbarkeit der verschiedenen homöopathischen Methoden zu führen.
Prof. Dr. Karl Joachim Münzenberg
Authors: Walter Koch Franz , Roth Andreas , Rüther Wolfgang
Published: June 2020

Im Alter von 88 Jahren ist am 27. Juli 2019 Prof. Dr. med. Karl Joachim Münzenberg, a.o. Professor für Orthopädie an der Universitätsklinik Bonn, gestorben. Mit Prof. K.J. Münzenberg ist ein Kliniker und Wissenschaftler von uns gegangen, den man zurecht als orthopädischen Generalisten bezeichnen darf; er überblickte das gesamte Gebiet der Orthopädie umfassend.
Importance, Errors, and Patterns of Quotations to Psychiatric
Original Articles
Authors: Baethge Christopher
Published: June 2020

Introduction A substantial rate of quotation errors has been reported in
medical journal publications: about 25% of all quotations are wrong. It
is, however, entirely unclear how important quotation errors are for the message
of quoting articles.

Methods This is a case study in form of a retrospective quotation analysis
of a cohort of 72 psychiatric original articles (index articles) from 5
German-language general psychiatric journals. Main outcomes were importance and
accuracy of quotations from the 2 calendar years following the publication of
index articles.

Results Fifty-one index articles were quoted 235 times in 109 quoting
articles. Almost all quotations were of medium (76% [95% CI:
70%; 81%]) or high (20% [15%, 25%])
importance for the message of the quoting paper. Regarding quotation accuracy,
44 quotations (19% [14%; 24%]) were rated as minor, and
51 (22% [17%; 27%]) as major errors. In multivariable
analyses, no statistically significant and practically relevant factors
associated with quotation inaccuracy emerged, such as self-quotation, impact
factor of the quoting journal, or importance. Among quoting articles, 7
(6% [3%; 13%]) showed a pattern of predominantly quoting
index articles from the time span relevant to the calculation of the impact
factor.

Discussion Quotations are important for the message of the quoting paper.
Therefore, quotation errors may be detrimental to scientific reasoning and may
undermine public trust in medical science. The present investigation is a case
study, and its results are exploratory. While it is plausible that the findings
translate into other environments, independent replication is needed.
Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnancies Complicated by Chronic Hypertension Followed at a Referral Hospital
Authors: Rezende Gabriela Pravatta , Casagrande Laura , Guida José Paulo Siqueira , Parpinelli Mary Angela , Surita Fernanda Garanhani , Costa Maria Laura
Published: June 2020

Objective To assess maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies in women with chronic hypertension (CH).

Methods Retrospective cohort of women with CH followed at a referral center for a 5 year period (2012–2017). Data were obtained from medical charts review and described as means and frequencies, and a Poisson regression was performed to identify factors independently associated to the occurrence of superimposed pre-eclampsia (sPE).

Results A total of 385 women were included in the present study; the majority were > than 30 years old, multiparous, mostly white and obese before pregnancy. One third had pre-eclampsia (PE) in a previous pregnancy and 17% of them had organ damage associated with hypertension, mainly kidney dysfunction. A total of 85% of the patients used aspirin and calcium carbonate for pre-eclampsia prophylaxis and our frequency of sPE was 40%, with an early onset (32.98 ± 6.14 weeks). Of those, 40% had severe features of PE, including 5 cases of HELLP syndrome; however, no cases of eclampsia or maternal death were reported. C-section incidence was high, gestational age at birth was 36 weeks, and nearly a third (115 cases) of newborns had complications at birth One third of the women remained using antihypertensive drugs after pregnancy.

Conclusion Chronic hypertension is related with the high occurrence of PE, C-sections, prematurity and neonatal complications. Close surveillance and multidisciplinary care are important for early diagnosis of complications.
Reliably Estimating the Length of the Effectively Conjugated Segment in Ladder Poly(para-phenylene)s
Authors: Ammenhäuser Robin , Helfer Anke , Scherf Ullrich
Published: June 2020

In 1995 we extrapolated the so-called “effective conjugation length” in (para-phenylene) ladder polymers by relating the optical absorption energy to the reciprocal chain length of ladder-type oligo-(para-phenylene)s, but only based on three short-chain oligomers (a trimer, a pentamer, and a heptamer). The resulting value of 11–12 benzene rings was distinctly lower than the numbers reported for corresponding single-stranded, soluble poly(para-phenylene)s. Here, we report a series of elongated (para-phenylene)-type ladder oligomers that were isolated via repeated recycling size exclusion chromatography steps from an oligomer mixture. Now we are able to extrapolate the length of the “effectively conjugated segment” with much more precision to be 19 ± 2 benzene rings.
Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor of the Ovary: A Case Report with a New Modality of Treatment and Review of the Literature
Authors: Vujić Goran , Mikuš Mislav , Matak Luka , Bonevski Aleksandra , Babić Ivan , Planinić Pavao , Babić Damir , Ćorušić Ante
Published: June 2020

Objective Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare intraabdominal neoplasm that grows along serosal surfaces and is primarily found in young men. To date, only 16 cases of ovarian DSRCT have been previously reported in women in the English literature, and no large population-based studies on this topic exist.

Case Report We report the case of a 19-year-old virgo with unremarkable past medical history, initially presented with abdominal fullness. After being treated with the optimal treatment modality (primary and secondary surgical debulking, unique chemotherapy, protocol and adjuvant radiotherapy), the patient has remained without tumor disease for 40 months.

Conclusion Although the best therapy for patients with DSRCT has yet to be determined, combining complete surgical resection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is required to prolong survival and to achieve proper quality of life.
Outcomes of Cementless-Backed Patellar Components
Authors: Harwin Steven F. , DeGouveia William , Sodhi Nipun , Gold Peter A. , Garbarino Luke J. , Ehiorobo Joseph O. , Salem Hytham S. , Mont Michael A.
Published: June 2020

Because of the early follow-up positive outcomes with cementless fixation, continued evaluations need to be performed to ensure longer-term efficacy. Additionally, although many studies report on the results of femoral and tibial component fixation, few studies report specifically on patellar outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to report on the: (1) implant survivorship; (2) complications; and (3) radiographic outcomes in a large cohort of patients who received cementless total knee arthroplasties (TKAs), with particular attention to the patellar component. A total of 261 patients who underwent cementless TKA by a single, high-volume academic surgeon were studied. Patients had a mean age of 66 years and were distributed between 192 women (74%) and 69 men. All patients received the same cementless tibial, femoral, and patellar components. Mean follow-up period was 4.5 years (range, 4–5 years). Primary outcomes evaluated included all postoperative complications, with particular emphasis on the patellar component. Only one patellar loosened leading to a patellar aseptic loosening rate of 0.3% (1 of 261). The one patellar loosening was the component being dislodged after a manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) at 6 weeks. This was revised to a cemented component and the patient is doing well 4 years later. A second patient experienced a patellar tendon rupture, later surgically repaired. Another patient sustained a patella fracture that was managed nonoperatively. The fracture healed by 1 year and the patient continued to have an otherwise successful outcome, now at 2 years follow-up. No progressive radiolucencies, subsidence, or changes in initial postoperative axial alignment were observed at final follow-up. The results from this study highlight a 98% success rate at mean 4.5 years follow-up in a large cohort of patients with a diverse spread of demographic details. Specific to the patella, only one patient experienced an adverse event, which was managed nonoperatively. Therefore, based on this data, patellar fixation in cementless TKA can be considered a safe technique.
Current Trends in the Treatment of Dupuytren Disease in Spain
Authors: Sanjuan-Cerveró Rafael , Gómez-Herrero Diego , Novoa-Parra Carlos , Peña-Molina Fernando , Franco-Ferrando Nuria
Published: June 2020

Objective Assessment of the treatment trends of Spanish surgeons in clinical practice by making clinical assumptions in Dupuytren's disease (DD).

Material and Method A survey was sent to the members of the Spanish Society for Surgery of the Hand (Sociedad Española de Cirugía de la Mano, SECMA) posing primary and secondary clinical cases. A relationship is established between the selected treatment, the characteristics of the participating surgeons, and the characteristics of the primary clinical cases. Treatment preferences in recurrences are assessed descriptively.

Results In total, 127 surveys were answered. 62.2% of the participants had experience with the use of collagenase and were the basis of the analysis. In primary cases, surgeons with more practice time tended to choose collagenase as treatment for DD. Surgeons who reported higher frequency of collagenase use (67.4% vs. 25.7%) were up to 6 times more likely to indicate such treatment. The patient's age under 50 years was the variable with the greatest association strength for the choice of collagenase treatment (OR = 3.8; CI95% 1.9–7.6). In recurrences, among all clinical cases, the most common answer given by the surgeons was partial fasciectomy.

Conclusions Partial fasciectomy continues to be the most widely used treatment for DD in Spain. In primary cases, collagenase is an alternative adopted by experienced surgeons, and in treatments for young patients. In recurrences, partial fasciectomy is the preferred technique.
Quantum line operators from Lax pairs
Authors: Saidi El Hassan
Published: June 2020

Motivated by the realization of the Yang–Baxter equation of 2D integrable models in the 4D gauge theory of Costello–Witten–Yamazaki (CWY), we study the embedding of integrable 2D Toda field models inside this construction. This is done by using the Lax formulation of 2D integrable systems and by thinking of the standard Lax pair L± in terms of components of CWY gauge connection, propagating along particular directions in the gauge bundle. We also use the results of the CWY theory to build quantum line operators for 2D Toda models and compute the one loop contribution of two intersecting lines exchanging one gluon. Other features such as local symmetries and comments on extension of our method to other 2D integrable models are also discussed. We also comment on some basic points that still need a refinement before discussing about a fully consistent embedding of Lax pairs into CWY theory.
Large amplitude ion-acoustic solitary waves in a warm negative ion plasma with superthermal electrons: The fast mode revisited
Authors: Mushinzimana X. , Nsengiyumva F.
Published: June 2020

Large amplitude ion-acoustic fast mode solitary waves in a negative ion plasma with kappa electrons are revisited, using the Sagdeev pseudopotential approach. As is well known, this plasma supports the propagation of both compressive and rarefactive solitons, and there exist a range of parameter values in which the two types of structures coexist. This is confirmed by the present study, which is based on well-established soliton existence domains. After investigating the existence of solitons in terms of the lower and upper Mach number limits for broader regions in the parameter space, we have found that as a result of the ion thermal effects, the range of the allowed Mach numbers is reduced and only small amplitude rarefactive solitons propagate in this plasma, an effect that is enhanced by the superthermal behavior of the electrons. Rearranging our analytical work so as to get a two-positive ion plasma, our results show the presence of stopbands in the soliton existence domains, as reported by Nsengiyumva et al. [Phys. Plasmas 21, 102301 (2014)], despite the use of different normalization and different parameter space. This suggests that the observed stopbands are a real phenomenon, which needs consideration when studying plasma waves.
On some exact solutions of heavenly equations in four dimensions
Authors: Stȩpień Ł. T.
Published: June 2020

Some new classes of exact solutions (so-called functionally invariant solutions) of the elliptic and hyperbolic complex Monge–Ampère equations and of the second heavenly equation are found. Besides, non-invariance of the found classes of solutions of the hyperbolic complex Monge–Ampère equation and the second heavenly equation is investigated—these classes of solutions determine the new classes of metrics without Killing vectors. A criterion of non-invariance of the solutions belonging to the found classes is also formulated.
A non-interference method for measurement of transverse relaxation time of the alkali metal magnetometer in nuclear magnetic resonance oscillator
Authors: Chen Chang , Jiang Qiyuan , Wang Zhiguo , Zhang Yi , Luo Hui , Yang Kayiong
Published: June 2020

The transverse relaxation time τ2 of the built-in alkali metal magnetometer is an important parameter to characterize its performance and the working state of the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) oscillator system. The method we propose to measure τ2 is to apply the frequency-scanning magnetic fields along the x-axis and obtain τ2 from the 3 dB bandwidth of the measured x-axis amplitude–frequency response curve of the magnetometer. We give a detailed and rigorous theoretical derivation by using the perturbation-iteration method to demonstrate the rationality of this measuring method. Then, both the actual experiment and the simulation experiment results are presented to verify the validity and good accuracy of the method. All the sampled frequencies in the scanning range should be far away from both the 129Xe and 131Xe NMR frequencies, to avoid introducing any influence on the nuclear spins; therefore, this method can provide a non-interference way for measurement of τ2, helping us monitor the NMR oscillator system’s state under normal operating conditions.
Leveraging mobile phones to attain sustainable development
Authors: Rotondi Valentina , Kashyap Ridhi , Pesando Luca Maria , Spinelli Simone , Billari Francesco C.
Published: June 2020

For billions of people across the globe, mobile phones enable relatively cheap and effective communication, as well as access to information and vital services on health, education, society, and the economy. Drawing on context-specific evidence on the effects of the digital revolution, this study provides empirical support for the idea that mobile phones are a vehicle for sustainable development at the global scale. It does so by assembling a wealth of publicly available macro- and individual-level data, exploring a wide range of demographic and social development outcomes, and leveraging a combination of methodological approaches. Macro-level analyses covering 200+ countries reveal that mobile-phone access is associated with lower gender inequality, higher contraceptive uptake, and lower maternal and child mortality. Individual-level analyses of survey data from sub-Saharan Africa, linked with detailed geospatial information, further show that women who own a mobile phone are better informed about sexual and reproductive health services and empowered to make independent decisions. Payoffs are larger among the least-developed countries and among the most disadvantaged micro-level clusters. Overall, our findings suggest that boosting mobile-phone access and coverage and closing digital divides, particularly among women, can be powerful tools to attain empowerment-related sustainable development goals, in an ultimate effort to enhance population health and well-being and reduce poverty.
Depletion interactions modulate the binding between disordered proteins in crowded environments
Authors: Zosel Franziska , Soranno Andrea , Buholzer Karin J. , Nettels Daniel , Schuler Benjamin
Published: June 2020

Significance

The molecular environment in a biological cell is much more crowded than the conditions commonly used in biochemical and biophysical experiments in vitro. It is therefore important to understand how the conformations and interactions of biological macromolecules are affected by such crowding. Addressing these questions quantitatively, however, has been challenging owing to a lack of sufficiently detailed experimental information and theoretical concepts suitable for describing crowding, especially when polymeric crowding agents and biomolecules are involved. Here, we use the combination of extensive single-molecule experiments with established and recent theoretical concepts to investigate the interaction between two intrinsically disordered proteins. We observe pronounced effects of crowding on their interactions and provide a quantitative framework for rationalizing these effects.
Counterintuitive effects of isotopic doping on the phase diagram of H
2
–HD–D
2
molecular alloy
Authors: Liu Xiao-Di , Dalladay-Simpson Philip , Howie Ross T. , Zhang Hui-Chao , Xu Wan , Binns Jack , Ackland Graeme J. , Mao Ho-Kwang , Gregoryanz Eugene
Published: June 2020

Significance

When hydrogen and deuterium are mixed, they form

H

2

+HD +

D

2

mixtures at very low pressures and room temperature. We show that at high pressures and low temperatures these mixtures behave as an isotopic molecular alloy (ideal solution); exhibiting symmetry-breaking phase transitions between phases I, II, and III; and shifting the transformations to phases II and III to higher pressures as compared to pure isotopes. This runs counter to any quantum effects based on isotope mass but can be explained by quantum trapping of high-kinetic energy states by the exchange interaction.
The Great Oxidation Event preceded a Paleoproterozoic “snowball Earth”
Authors: Warke Matthew R. , Di Rocco Tommaso , Zerkle Aubrey L. , Lepland Aivo , Prave Anthony R. , Martin Adam P. , Ueno Yuichiro , Condon Daniel J. , Claire Mark W.
Published: June 2020

The inability to resolve the exact temporal relationship between two pivotal events in Earth history, the Paleoproterozoic Great Oxidation Event (GOE) and the first “snowball Earth” global glaciation, has precluded assessing causality between changing atmospheric composition and ancient climate change. Here we present temporally resolved quadruple sulfur isotope measurements (δ
34
S, ∆
33
S, and ∆
36
S) from the Paleoproterozoic Seidorechka and Polisarka Sedimentary Formations on the Fennoscandian Shield, northwest Russia, that address this issue. Sulfides in the former preserve evidence of mass-independent fractionation of sulfur isotopes (S-MIF) falling within uncertainty of the Archean reference array with a ∆
36
S/∆
33
S slope of −1.8 and have small negative ∆
33
S values, whereas in the latter mass-dependent fractionation of sulfur isotopes (S-MDF) is evident, with a ∆
36
S/∆
33
S slope of −8.8. These trends, combined with geochronological constraints, place the S-MIF/S-MDF transition, the key indicator of the GOE, between 2,501.5 ± 1.7 Ma and 2,434 ± 6.6 Ma. These are the tightest temporal and stratigraphic constraints yet for the S-MIF/S-MDF transition and show that its timing in Fennoscandia is consistent with the S-MIF/S-MDF transition in North America and South Africa. Further, the glacigenic part of the Polisarka Formation occurs 60 m above the sedimentary succession containing S-MDF signals. Hence, our findings confirm unambiguously that the S-MIF/S-MDF transition preceded the Paleoproterozoic snowball Earth. Resolution of this temporal relationship constrains cause-and-effect drivers of Earth’s oxygenation, specifically ruling out conceptual models in which global glaciation precedes or causes the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis.
Final report, on-going key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with NILU, January 2018
Authors: Viallon Joële , Idrees Faraz , Moussay Philippe , Wielgosz Robert , Marsteen Leif
Published: June 2020

As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone standard of Norway maintained by the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount-of-substance fraction range from 0 nmol/mol to 500 nmol/mol.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On equivalent conjectures for minimal log discrepancies on smooth threefolds
Authors: Kawakita Masayuki
Published: June 2020

On smooth varieties, the ACC for minimal log discrepancies is equivalent to the boundedness of the log discrepancy of some divisor which computes the minimal log discrepancy. In dimension three, we reduce it to the case when the boundary is the product of a canonical part and the maximal ideal to some power. We prove the reduced assertion when the log canonical threshold of the maximal ideal is either at most one-half or at least one.
Enchantment
Authors: Saler Michael
Published: June 2020

In the early 20th century, the German sociologist Max Weber famously argued that Western modernity was “disenchanted.” He meant that modernity was defined by the growth of rationalization, which evacuated the shared spiritual meanings and purposes that had characterized premodern societies oriented toward supernatural worldviews. Rather than relying on “mysterious, incalculable forces,” Weber maintained that modernity relied on reason, science, and bureaucracies to manage existence. Weber’s disenchantment paradigm influenced thinkers throughout the 20th century, but since the turn of the 21st century, it has been substantially revised. Critics note that traditional “enchanted” worldviews continued to thrive within modernity, and varieties of specifically modern “re-enchantments” arose as well, consistent with the rational, secular, and consumerist currents of the modern world. Critics also observe that the paradigm was too one-sided in its stress on rationalization as the guiding principle of modernity. The paradigm’s binary opposition between reason and the irrational, or the dialectical transformation of the former into the latter, have been largely replaced by an emphasis on the complementary nature of reason and the imagination. (Indeed, contrary to Weber’s assertion, the imagination itself is now perceived as a “mysterious, incalculable force” within modernity, appealing to the secular and the religious alike.) The new paradigm highlights the intertwined nature of the Enlightenment and Romanticism, reason and the imagination, disenchantment and enchantment. Modernity is characterized less by outright disenchantment than by “disenchanted enchantment.”
The Personality Underpinnings of Strategic Leadership: The CEO, TMT, and Board of Directors
Authors: Bradley Bret , Matthews Sam , Kelemen Thomas
Published: June 2020

“Strategic leadership” is the umbrella term used to describe the study of an organization’s top leaders—what they do, their interactions, and how they influence important organizational outcomes. The three major areas of focus within this field are the chief executive officer (CEO), the top management team (TMT), and the board of directors. Although each area has vibrant bodies of literature on important topics of inquiry, the integration of research findings, frameworks, and insights across the three areas remains underdeveloped. For example, the study of leader personality is a rich line of inquiry within the broader management literature, and all three areas are developing, albeit at different rates and with little integration across the three areas.

The work on CEO personality is the most developed, and the work on board personality is the least developed. CEOs personality traits that have been studied include the Big Five personality traits (conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, openness to experience, and emotional stability), locus of control, core self-evaluations, narcissism, overconfidence, hubris, humility and regulatory focus (a person’s general approach to goals as either promotion focused or prevention focused). TMT personality traits that have been studied include the Big Five, trait positive affect, propensity to innovate, and competitive aggressiveness. Finally, board of directors’ personality traits that have been studied include only personality diversity.