bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrating plasma proteomics with genome-wide association data to identify novel drug targets for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Bai Zhongyuan , Hao Jiawei , Chen Miaoran , Yao Kaixin , Zheng Leilei , Liu Liu , Hu Jingxi , Guo Kaiqing , Lv Yongqiang , Li Feng
Published: July 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many relevant genetic risk loci, the impact of these loci on protein abundance and their potential utility as clinical therapeutic targets remain uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of IBD and identify effective therapeutic targets through a comprehensive and integrated analysis. We systematically integrated GWAS data related to IBD, UC and CD (N = 25,305) by the study of de Lange KM with the human blood proteome (N = 7213) by the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Proteome-wide association study (PWAS), mendelian randomisation (MR) and Bayesian colocalisation analysis were used to identify proteins contributing to the risk of IBD. Integrative analysis revealed that genetic variations in IBD, UC and CD affected the abundance of five (ERAP2, RIPK2, TALDO1, CADM2 and RHOC), three (VSIR, HGFAC and CADM2) and two (MST1 and FLRT3) cis-regulated plasma proteins, respectively (P < 0.05). Among the proteins identified via Bayesian colocalisation analysis, CADM2 was found to be an important common protein between IBD and UC. A drug and five druggable target genes were identified from DGIdb after Bayesian colocalisation analysis. Our study's findings from genetic and proteomic approaches have identified compelling proteins that may serve as important leads for future functional studies and potential drug targets for IBD (UC and CD).
Fabrication of SrTiO3 anchored rGO/g-C3N4 photocatalyst for the removal of mixed dye from wastewater: dual photocatalytic mechanism
Authors: Gopal Venkatesh , Palanisamy Govindasamy , Lee Jintae , Abu-Yousef Imad A. , Majdalawieh Amin F. , Mahasneh Amjad , Prabu Kattupatti M. , Kanan Sofian
Published: July 2024

A metal-free combination of rGO/g-C3N4-coupled SrTiO3 (SRN) ternary nanocomposite prepared via a wet impregnation method for UV–Vis light photocatalytic applications. Various physicochemical properties of the samples were investigated by several spectroscopic techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, Raman, field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM-EDX), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), UV–Vis, photoluminescence (PL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The data suggest agglomerated SRT nanoparticles are dispersed and distributed throughout the surface of the rGO sheets and GCN nanostructures. The photocatalytic performance of the SRN towards combined mixed dye and its degradation activities were evaluated towards the most common industrial effluents, Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene blue (MB), under UV–Vis light illumination. The results revealed that the degradation efficiency of the SRN photocatalyst shows excellent performance compared with that of the binary composition and the pure SrTiO3 (SRT) sample. The reaction rate constant for RhB was estimated to be 0.0039 min−1 and for MB to be 0.0316 min−1, which are 3.26 (RhB) and 4.21 (MB) times faster than the pure SRT sample. The enhanced degradation efficiency was attained not only by interfacial formation but also by the speedy transportation of electrons across the heterojunction. After 5 runs of the photocatalytic recylic process, the SRN photocatalyst exhibited ultimate stability without structural changes, and no noticeable degradation was observed. The outcomes of the ternary SRN nanocomposite manifest a dual photocatalytic scheme, the photocatalytic enrichment could be caused by the Z-scheme charge transfer process between GCN, SRT, and rGO nanocomposite, which helps effectual charge separation and keeps a high redox potential. From the results, SRN sample provides insight into the integration of an effective and potential photocatalyst for wastewater treatment toward real-time environmental remediation applications.
Prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise test in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Li Zhengyan , Fan Baochao , Wu Yifan , Rui Haomiao , Hu Yongcun , Gu Yingchun , Bai Juncai , Lu Liming , Wang Dongwei
Published: July 2024

To determine the independent risk factors of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) parameters related to adverse prognostic events within 5 years in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and establish a prediction model for the occurrence of adverse events within 5 years to provide a reference for cardiac rehabilitation training. From August 2015 to December 2021, patients who underwent PCI for AMI and completed CPET within 1–2 weeks after surgery before discharge from the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Anyang District Hospital were selected as participants. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to screen for independent risk factors associated with 5-year adverse events. Feature importance was interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), and a logistic regression model was established for prediction. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the performance of the prediction model. Calibration was assessed by the Hosmer–Lemeshow test and the calibration curve. In total, 375 patients met the inclusion criteria. Based on whether adverse events occurred during the 5-year follow-up period, the patients were divided into two groups: the event group (n = 53) and the non-event group (n = 322). Peak oxygen uptake (peakVO2), carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent slope (VE/VCO2slop), and peak end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PETCO2) were three independent risk factors for re-acute myocardial infarction (re-AMI), heart failure (HF), and even death after PCI for AMI (P < 0.05). The SHAP plots demonstrated that the significant contributors to model performance were related to peakVO2, VE/VCO2slop, and PETCO2. The risk of adverse events was significantly reduced when the peakVO2 was ≥ 20 mL/kg/min and the VE/VCO2slop was < 33. The ROC curves of the three models were drawn, including the no-event and event groups, re-AMI group, and HF group, which performed well, with AUC of 0.894, 0.760, and 0.883, respectively. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test showed that the three models were a good fit (P > 0.05). The calibration curve of the three models was close to the ideal diagonal lines. CPET parameters can predict the prognosis of adverse events within 5 years after PCI in patients with AMI and provide a theoretical basis for cardiac rehabilitation training.
High gain quasi-omnidirectional dipole array fed by radial power divider for millimeter-wave IoT sensing
Authors: Sufian Md. Abu , Hussain Niamat , Choi Domin , Lee Sang-Min , Gil Sang-Keun , Kim Nam
Published: July 2024

This article presents the design and implementation of a dipole array antenna based on a radial waveguide power divider for millimeter-wave IoT sensing applications. The dipole array and radial waveguide power divider techniques are used in tandem to achieve high gain with omnidirectional radiation properties. The proposed antenna is comprised of eight non-uniform array dipole structures, a circular radiating loop, and shorting vias. The one-to-eight power divider is created with the shorting vias to feed the circularly arranged eight non-uniform dipole arrays simultaneously. The proposed antenna is simulated and manufactured on Rogers-RO3003C substrate with a thickness of 8 mils. Both simulated and tested results confirm that the proposed method enables the antenna to offer a quasi-omnidirectional pattern with a high peak gain of 5.42 dBi. The antenna offers an impedance bandwidth (S11 < ‒ 10 dB) of more than 1 GHz ranging from 27.93 to 29.13 GHz. Moreover, by optimizing the parameters of the power divider network the proposed antenna can be tuned between a wide bandwidth range of 14.53 GHz as the designed dipole array offering the operating bandwidth from 25.56 to 40.09 GHz. Due to its comprehensive set of performance attributes, particularly for the quasi-omnidirectional radiation characteristics, the presented antenna is a viable candidate for the 5G millimeter wave wireless IoT sensing applications. Additionally, this work will accommodate other researchers to explore the proposed method for developing high-gain omnidirectional antennas for millimeter-wave applications.
Oxidative and carbonyl stress induced AMD and Codonopsis lanceolata ameliorates AMD via controlling oxidative and carbonyl stress
Authors: Lee Soon-Young , Cho Yeon-Kyoung , Bae Chun-Sik , Kim Gyeyeop , Lee Min-Jae , Cho Seung-Sik , Jeon In-Chul , Park Dae-Hun
Published: July 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness. AMD is currently incurable; the best solution is to prevent its occurrence. To develop drugs for AMD, it is crucial to have a model system that mimics the symptoms and mechanisms in patients. It is most important to develop safer and more effective anti-AMD drug. In this study, the dose of A2E and the intensity of blue light were evaluated to establish an appropriate atrophic in vitro model of AMD and anti-AMD effect and therapeutic mechanism of Codonopsis lanceolata. The experimental groups included a control group an AMD group treated with A2E and blue light, a lutein group treated with 25 μM lutein after AMD induction, and three groups treated with different doses of C. lanceolata (10, 20, and 50 μg/mL) after AMD induction. Intrinsic apoptotic pathway (Bcl-2 family), anti-oxidative system (Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant response element), and anti-carbonyl effect (4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE]) were evaluated using immunofluorescence, MTT, TUNEL, FACS, and western blotting analyses. A2E accumulation in the cytoplasm of ARPE-19 cells depending on the dose of A2E. Cell viability of ARPE-19 cells according to the dose of A2E and/or blue light intensity. The population of apoptotic or necrotic cells increased based on the A2E dose and blue light intensity. Codonopsis lanceolata dose-dependently prevented cell death which was induced by A2E and blue light. The antiapoptotic effect of that was caused by activating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppressing 4-HNE, and modulating Bcl-2 family proteins like increase of antiapoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and decrease of proapoptotic protein such as Bim. Based on these findings, 30 μM A2E and 20 mW/cm2 blue light on adult retinal pigment epithelium-19 cells was an appropriate condition for AMD model and C. lanceolata shows promise as an anti-AMD agent.
A fusion approach using GIS, green area detection, weather API and GPT for satellite image based fertile land discovery and crop suitability
Authors: Balasundaram Ananthakrishnan , Abdul Aziz A. B. , Gupta Aman , Shaik Ayesha , Kavitha Muthu Subash
Published: July 2024

Proper utilization of agricultural land is a big challenge as they often laid over as waste lands. Farming is a significant occupation in any country and improving it further by promoting more farming opportunities will take the country towards making a huge leap forward. The issue in achieving this would be the lack of knowledge of cultivable land for food crops. The objective of this work is to utilize modern computer vision technology to identify and map cultivable land for agricultural needs. With increasing population and demand for food, improving the farming sector is crucial. However, the challenge lies in the lack of suitable land for food crops cultivation. To tackle this issue, we propose to use sophisticated image processing techniques on satellite images of the land to determine the regions that are capable of growing food crops. The solution architecture includes enhancement of satellite imagery using sophisticated pan sharpening techniques, notably the Brovey transformation, aiming to transform dull satellite images into sharper versions, thereby improving the overall quality and interpretability of the visual data. Making use of the weather data on the location observed and taking into factors like the soil moisture, weather, humidity, wind, sunlight times and so on, this data is fed into a generative pre-trained transformer model which makes use of it and gives a set of crops that are suitable to be grown on this piece of land under the said conditions. The results obtained by the proposed fusion approach is compared with the dataset provided by the government for different states in India and the performance was measured. We achieved an accuracy of 80% considering the crop suggested by our model and the predominant crop of the region. Also, the classification report detailing the performance of the proposed model is presented.
Assessment of heat stress contributing factors in the indoor environment among vulnerable populations in Klang Valley using principal component analysis (PCA)
Authors: Muhamad Siti Nurfahirah , How Vivien , Lim Fang Lee , Md Akim Abdah , Karuppiah Karmegam , Mohd Shabri Nur Shabrina Azreen
Published: July 2024

Rising global temperatures can lead to heat waves, which in turn can pose health risks to the community. However, a notable gap remains in highlighting the primary contributing factors that amplify heat-health risk among vulnerable populations. This study aims to evaluate the precedence of heat stress contributing factors in urban and rural vulnerable populations living in hot and humid tropical regions. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 108 respondents from urban and rural areas in Klang Valley, Malaysia, using a face-to-face interview and a validated questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the principal component analysis, categorizing factors into exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity indicators. In urban areas, five principal components (PCs) explained 64.3% of variability, with primary factors being sensitivity (health morbidity, medicine intake, increased age), adaptive capacity (outdoor occupation type, lack of ceiling, longer residency duration), and exposure (lower ceiling height, increased building age). In rural, five PCs explained 71.5% of variability, with primary factors being exposure (lack of ceiling, high thermal conductivity roof material, increased building age, shorter residency duration), sensitivity (health morbidity, medicine intake, increased age), and adaptive capacity (female, non-smoking, higher BMI). The order of heat-health vulnerability indicators was sensitivity > adaptive capacity > exposure for urban areas, and exposure > sensitivity > adaptive capacity for rural areas. This study demonstrated a different pattern of leading contributors to heat stress between urban and rural vulnerable populations.
The neural representation of stereotype content
Authors: Collins Thérèse , Zhu Emilie , Rateau Patrick
Published: July 2024

Judgments about social groups are characterized by their position in a representational space defined by two axes, warmth and competence. We examined serial dependence (SD) in evaluations of warmth and competence while measuring participants’ electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, as a means to address the independence between these two psychological axes. SD is the attraction of perceptual reports towards things seen in the recent past and has recently been intensely investigated in vision. SD occurs at multiple levels of visual processing, from basic features to meaningful objects. The current study aims to (1) measure whether SD occurs between non-visual objects, in particular social groups and (2) uncover the neural correlates of social group evaluation and SD using EEG. Participants’ judgments about social groups such as “nurses” or “accountants” were serially dependent, but only when the two successive groups were close in representational space. The pattern of results argues in favor of a non-separability between the two axes, because groups nearby on one dimension but far on the other were not subject to SD, even though that other dimension was irrelevant to the task at hand. Using representational similarity analysis, we found a brain signature that differentiated social groups as a function of their position in the representational space. Our results thus argue that SD may be a ubiquitous cognitive phenomenon, that social evaluations are serially dependent, and that reproducible neural signatures of social evaluations can be uncovered.
JWH-182: a safe and effective synthetic cannabinoid for chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain in preclinical models
Authors: Filipiuc Leontina-Elena , Creangă-Murariu Ioana , Tamba Bogdan-Ionel , Ababei Daniela-Carmen , Rusu Răzvan-Nicolae , Stanciu Gabriela-Dumitrița , Ștefanescu Raluca , Ciorpac Mitică , Szilagyi Andrei , Gogu Raluca , Filipiuc Silviu-Iulian , Tudorancea Ivona-Maria , Solcan Carmen , Alexa-Stratulat Teodora , Cumpăt Marinela-Carmen , Cojocaru Doina-Clementina , Bild Veronica
Published: July 2024

Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP), a condition with unmet treatment needs, affects over half of cancer patients treated with chemotherapeutics. Researchers have recently focused on the endocannabinoid system because of its critical role in regulating our bodies' most important functions, including pain. We used in vitro and in vivo methods to determine the toxicity profile of a synthetic cannabinoid, JWH-182, and whether it could be potentially effective for CINP alleviation. In vitro, we evaluated JWH-182 general toxicity, measuring fibroblast viability treated with various concentrations of compound, and its neuroprotection on dorsal root ganglion neurons treated with paclitaxel. In vivo, we performed an evaluation of acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity in mice, with monitoring of health status and a complete histopathological examination. Finally, we evaluated the efficacy of JWH-182 on a CINP model in mice using specific pain assessment tests. JWH-182 has an acceptable toxicity profile, in both, in vitro and in vivo studies and it was able to significantly reduce pain perception in a CINP model in mice. However, the translation of these results to the clinic needs further investigation.
High amphipathicity of α-helical peptides enhances unmethylated CpG DNA-induced activation of mouse macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Nishihara Saeka , Nakamura Nao , Kawasaki Kiyoshi
Published: July 2024

The α-helical antimicrobial peptide Kn2-7 enhances the activation of mouse macrophage-like RAW264.7 induced by DNA containing unmethylated cytosine-guanine motifs (CpG DNA). This enhancement is related to increased cellular uptake of DNA by Kn2-7, but the relevant properties of Kn2-7 are unknown. Physicochemical property analysis revealed that Kn2-7 has high amphipathicity. In contrast, the α-helical antimicrobial peptide L5, which increases the cellular uptake of CpG DNA but does not enhance CpG DNA-induced activation, has low amphipathicity. Kn2-7 derivatives with decreased amphipathicity but the same amino acid composition as Kn2-7 did not enhance CpG DNA-induced activation. On the other hand, L5 derivatives with high amphipathicity but the same amino acid composition as L5 enhanced CpG DNA-induced activation. Cellular uptake of DNA was not increased by the L5 derivatives, indicating that high amphipathicity does not affect DNA uptake. Furthermore, α-helical peptides with reversed sequences relative to the Kn2-7 and L5 derivatives with high amphipathicity were synthesized. The reversed-sequence peptides, which had the same amphipathicity but different amino acid sequences from their counterparts, enhanced CpG DNA-induced activation. Taken together, these observations indicate that the high amphipathicity of α-helical peptides enhances the CpG DNA-induced activation of RAW264.7.
Analysing the application of a flexible formwork pre-cast wall driving roadway along goaf in a large mining height face
Authors: Cao Xiaofan , Wang Xiaoli , Liu Huihui , Wang Song , Wang Deyong , Liu Zhongping
Published: July 2024

The technology of building a retaining roadway along goaf or a protecting roadway with a small coal pillar has been developed and applied for many years, and a satisfactory supporting effect has been obtained in medium–thick coal seam and thin coal seam mining. However, the gob-side roadway or small coal pillar mining in a thick coal seam is still subjected to technical problems occasioned by factors such as high roadway, high support pressure beside roadway, and waste of coal resources. To solve these problems, the author proposes an innovative technology of coal-free mining: the technology of driving roadway along goaf with a flexible formwork pre-cast wall. The article utilizes the 3503 and 3505 working faces of Wangzhuang Coal Industry Group as the research background, and comprehensively introduces the principle of the technology and the overburden rock movement law. Through theoretical calculations and numerical simulations, the support resistance and support parameters of flexible formwork pre-cast walls have been determined and successfully performed in industrial practice. The results indicate that the combination of the flexible mould pre-cast wall coal pillar-free mining technology and roof cutting process is more conducive to the maintenance of the roadway in the lower working face, and effectively reduces the stress and deformation of the surrounding rock. The roof and floor of the drivage roadway move, and the deformation of the two sides is small; furthermore, the overall roadway retention effect is satisfactory, which meets the requirements of mining in the lower working face. The coal pillar pertaining to the 20 m section of the 5 m high mining height face was recovered for Wangzhuang Coal Mine, and the recovery rate of the coal resources and the driving speed of the roadway were improved. The proposed method can be popularised and applied in this mine and even in the mining of 15# large-height coal seams in the two cities.
Far-infrared therapy promotes exercise capacity and glucose metabolism in mice by modulating microbiota homeostasis and activating AMPK
Authors: Li Shuo , Miao Xiao-yao , Zhang Jin-shui , Wei Dong-dong , Dong Hua-jin , Xue Rui , Li Jing-cao , Zhang Yang , Feng Xiao-xing , Li Jin , Zhang You-zhi
Published: July 2024

The benefits of physical exercise on human health make it desirable to identify new approaches that would mimic or potentiate the effects of exercise to treat metabolic diseases. However, whether far-infrared (FIR) hyperthermia therapy could be used as exercise mimetic to realize wide-ranging metabolic regulation, and its underling mechanisms remain unclear. Here, a specific far-infrared (FIR) rays generated from graphene-based hyperthermia devices might promote exercise capacity and metabolisms. The material characterization showed that the graphene synthesized by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) was different from carbon fiber, with single-layer structure and high electrothermal transform efficiency. The emission spectra generated by graphene-FIR device would maximize matching those adsorbed by tissues. Graphene-FIR enhanced both core and epidermal temperatures, leading to increased blood flow in the femoral muscle and the abdominal region. The combination of microbiomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that graphene-FIR modulates the metabolism of the gut-muscle axis. This modulation was characterized by an increased abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing bacteria and AMP, while lactic acid levels decreased. Furthermore, the principal routes involved in glucose metabolism, such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, were found to be altered. Graphene-FIR managed to stimulate AMPK activity by activating GPR43, thus enhancing muscle glucose uptake. Furthermore, a microbiota disorder model also demonstrated that the graphene-FIR effectively restore the exercise endurance with enhanced p-AMPK and GLUT4. Our results provided convincing evidence that graphene-based FIR therapy promoted exercise capacity and glucose metabolism via AMPK in gut-muscle axis. These novel findings regarding the therapeutic effects of graphene-FIR suggested its potential utility as a mimetic agent in clinical management of metabolic disorders.
Mechanical power density, spontaneous breathing indexes, and prolonged weaning failure: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ghiani Alessandro , Walcher Swenja , Lutfi Azal , Paderewska Joanna , Jaeger Simon Ulrich , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Stecher Stephanie Susanne , Trudzinski Franziska Christina , Neurohr Claus
Published: July 2024

A prospective observational study comparing mechanical power density (MP normalized to dynamic compliance) with traditional spontaneous breathing indexes (e.g., predicted body weight normalized tidal volume [VT/PBW], rapid shallow breathing index [RSBI], or the integrative weaning index [IWI]) for predicting prolonged weaning failure in 140 tracheotomized patients. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of these indexes at the start and end of the weaning procedure using ROC curve analysis, expressed as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Weaning failure occurred in 41 out of 140 patients (29%), demonstrating significantly higher MP density (6156 cmH2O2/min [4402–7910] vs. 3004 cmH2O2/min [2153–3917], P < 0.01), lower spontaneous VT/PBW (5.8 mL*kg−1 [4.8–6.8] vs. 6.6 mL*kg−1 [5.7–7.9], P < 0.01) higher RSBI (68 min−1*L−1 [44–91] vs. 55 min−1*L−1 [41–76], P < 0.01) and lower IWI (41 L2/cmH2O*%*min*10−3 [25–72] vs. 71 L2/cmH2O*%*min*10-3 [50–106], P < 0.01) and at the end of weaning. MP density was more accurate at predicting weaning failures (AUROC 0.91 [95%CI 0.84–0.95]) than VT/PBW (0.67 [0.58–0.74]), RSBI (0.62 [0.53–0.70]), or IWI (0.73 [0.65–0.80]), and may help clinicians in identifying patients at high risk for long-term ventilator dependency.
Overview of clinical status, treatment, and long-term outcomes of pediatric autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease: a nationwide survey in Taiwan
Authors: Chin Chia-Yi , Huang Wan-Ting , Wang Jen-Hung , Liou Je-Wen , Hsu Hao-Jen , Chen Ming-Chun
Published: July 2024

This retrospective study investigated the incidence, medication use, and outcomes in pediatric autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). A 1:4 matched control group of individuals included in the NHIRD during the same period was used for comparative analyses. A total of 621 pediatric patients were identified from 2009 to 2019 (mean age, 9.51 ± 6.43 years), and ADPKD incidence ranged from 2.32 to 4.45 per 100,000 individuals (cumulative incidence, 1.26–1.57%). The incidence of newly developed hypertension, anti-hypertensive agent use, nephrolithiasis, and proteinuria were significantly higher in the ADPKD group than the non-ADPKD group (0.7 vs. 0.04, 2.26 vs. 0.30, 0.4 vs. 0.02, and 0.73 vs. 0.05 per 100 person-years, respectively). The adjusted hazard ratios for developing hypertension, proteinuria, nephrolithiasis and anti-hypertensive agent use in cases of newly-diagnosed pediatric ADPKD were 12.36 (95% CI 4.92–31.0), 13.49 (95% CI 5.23–34.79), 13.17 (95% CI 2.48–69.98), and 6.38 (95% CI 4.12–9.89), respectively. The incidence of congenital cardiac defects, hematuria, urinary tract infections, gastrointestinal diverticulosis, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia were also higher in the ADPKD group. Our study offers valuable insights into the epidemiology of pediatric ADPKD in Taiwan and could help in formulating guidelines for its appropriate management.
Precision reduction of femoral neck fractures: a novel strategy based on the femoral neck fracture morphology
Authors: Lin Dongze , Chen Peisheng , Lin Chaohui , Lin Fengfei
Published: July 2024

In femoral neck fractures the secondary damage caused by repeated multiple reductions needs to be prevented. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to achieve an anatomical reduction in the first manipulation of reduction in femoral neck fractures. We propose a new reduction strategy using the x-ray morphology of femoral neck fractures for preoperative planning. In the present study we compared this approach to conventional operation procedures for the treatment of femoral neck fractures. From 2020 to 2021, 35 patients with femoral neck fractures were operated with this reduction strategy. Those were compared with 34 patients treated without the proposed preoperative method. All patients were compared for consistency between the preoperative assessment and the intraoperative execution of the reduction approach, number of reductions, operative time, number of fluoroscopies, intraoperative bleeding, and reduction quality. The operative time of patients in the study group was significantly shorter (38.40 ± 10.26 min) than that of the control group (47.26 ± 9.09 min), and the number of reductions [1.0 (1.0, 1.0)] was significantly less than that of the control group [2.0 (1.75, 2.25)]. The number of fluoroscopies (10.27 ± 2.84) was also significantly less than that of the control group (13.53 ± 2.59) times. The KAPPA value = 0.886 shows the good agreement between the preoperative proposed protocol and the intraoperative protocol about the study group .The bleeding, quality of repositioning, Harris Hip score, MOS 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12), and early complication rate were not statistically different between the groups (P > 0.05). The selection of the appropriate repositioning method based on the analysis of femoral neck fracture X-ray morphology can improve the efficiency and accuracy of preoperative planning. This reduces the secondary damage that may be caused by multiple reduction, shortens the operation time and reduces the exposure to radiation.
Assessing the yield and nutrient potential of horse gram mutants (Macrotyloma uniflorum Lam. Verdc.) an underutilized legume through a multi-environment-based experiment
Authors: Jafarullakhan Sumaiya Sulthana , Vijayakumar Vaishnavi , Singh Kundan Veer , Saravanan Naaganoor Ananthan , Giridhari Veeranan Arun , Rathinavelu Sivakumar , Kannan Balaji , Chockalingam Vanniarajan , Muthurajan Raveendran , Subburamu Karthikeyan , Kanagarajan Selvaraju , Rajaprakasam Sudhagar
Published: July 2024

The agronomic stability and nutritional importance of 30 (Test genotypes: 29 + Check: 1 = 30) promising horse gram mutants were evaluated in this multi-environment-based experiment (MEE). Attempts were made to (i) identify stable mutants for agronomic traits through AMMI and GGE biplot models, (ii) quantify nutritional traits, (iii) understand the linkage between yield and nutritional traits, and (iv) estimate physical (PP) and cooking properties (CP) of selected genotypes to fix their food-chain usability. The ANOVA of the pooled data exhibited significant differences among environments (E), genotypes (G), and GxE interaction. The combined AMMI and GGE results helped to identify a few good-yielding and stable genotypes (GYSM) (G1, G25, G3, and G27). The yield advantages of these GYSMs over the parent PAIYUR 2 are 42.99%, 34.63%, 28.68%, and 30.59% respectively. The nutrient profiling of mutants revealed (i) a significant coefficient of variation for macronutrients (fat: 29.98%; fibre: 20.72%, and protein: 5.01%), (ii) a good range of variation for micronutrients, and (iii) helped to identify macro (MaNSM) and micro nutrient-specific mutants (MiNSM). The relationship analysis between yield and nutrient traits ascertained that yield had (i) positivity with protein (r2 = 0.69) and negativity for micronutrients except for Mn (r2 = 0.63), Cu (r2 = 0.46), and B (r2 = 0.01) in GYSM, (ii) positivity with protein and fibre in MaNSM, and (iii) negativity with micronutrients in MiNSM. Of the GYSM, G1 and G25 offer scope for commercial exploitation, and their PP and CP analyses revealed that G1 can be used for pastry and baked product preparation while G25 for weaning foods. Cooking time exhibited positivity with seed size parameters and negativity with water absorption capacity (r2 = − 0.53). An LC–MS–MS-based amino acid (AA) fractionation study showed the effect of induced mutagenesis on the contents of amino acids and also revealed the significance of horse gram for its lysine and methionine contents.
Bio-enriched composite materials derived from waste cooking oil for selective reduction of odour intensity
Authors: Staroń Anita , Chwastowski Jarosław , Kijania-Kontak Magda , Wiśniewski Marek , Staroń Paweł
Published: July 2024

Currently, pathogenic microorganisms are becoming more active in public utility areas like parking lots and waste shelters due to the accumulation of organic waste. This uncontrolled waste leads to decay, altering its composition and presenting a microbiological risk to public health. Additionally, it emits unpleasant odors containing chemicals that irritate the mucous membranes, causing discomfort in the nose, throat, and eyes by stimulating the trigeminal nerve. These odors can have various negative effects on both quality of life and public health. The study investigated the physicochemical properties of oil composites enriched with natural additives and determined their effectiveness in reducing the intensity of nuisance odours. The research showed over 82% reduction in decaying meat odour and almost 65% reduction in ammonia odour. A higher impact of the given composites on reducing the odour from decaying meat than from ammonia was observed. This may be due to the biocidal properties of the additives used (turmeric, thymol, salicylic acid, hops and curly sorrel) and the higher intensity of ammonia odor compared to meat-derived odour. Despite the non-porous nature of the solids tested (with similar specific surface areas ranging from 0.66 to 0.88 m2/g), they were capable of sorbing NH3.
$$\text{Sech}^{2}$$-type solitary waves and the stability analysis for the KdV–mKdV equation
Authors: Liu Zhi-Guo , Liu Muhua , Zhang Jinliang
Published: July 2024

In this article, we investigated the solitary wave solutions of the KdV–mKdV equation using Hirota’s bilinear method. Closed-form analytical single and multiple solitary wave solutions were obtained. Through qualitative methods and the analysis of solitary waveforms, we discovered that in addition to sech-type solitary waves, the system also contains $$\text{Sech}^{2}$$

Sech
2

-type solitary waves. By employing the trial functions method, we obtained a single $$\text{Sech}^{2}$$

Sech
2

-type solitary wave and verified its existence and stability using the split-Step Fourier Transform method. Furthermore, we use the collision of two $$\text{Sech}^{2}$$

Sech
2

-type single solitary waves to excite a stable $$\text{Sech}^{2}$$

Sech
2

-type double solitary wave. Similarly, we excite a stable triple solitary wave with three $$\text{Sech}^{2}$$

Sech
2

-type single solitary waves. This method can also be used to excite stable multiple solitary waves. It is shown that these solitary wave solutions enrich the dynamic behavior of the KdV–mKdV equation and provide methods for solving $$\text{Sech}^{2}$$

Sech
2

-type solitary waves, which hold significant theoretical value.
Building a translational cancer dependency map for The Cancer Genome Atlas
Authors: Shi Xu , Gekas Christos , Verduzco Daniel , Petiwala Sakina , Jeffries Cynthia , Lu Charles , Murphy Erin , Anton Tifani , Vo Andy H. , Xiao Zhiguang , Narayanan Padmini , Sun Bee-Chun , D’Souza Aloma L. , Barnes J. Matthew , Roy Somdutta , Ramathal Cyril , Flister Michael J. , Dezso Zoltan
Published: July 2024

Cancer dependency maps have accelerated the discovery of tumor vulnerabilities that can be exploited as drug targets when translatable to patients. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is a compendium of ‘maps’ detailing the genetic, epigenetic and molecular changes that occur during the pathogenesis of cancer, yet it lacks a dependency map to translate gene essentiality in patient tumors. Here, we used machine learning to build translational dependency maps for patient tumors, which identified tumor vulnerabilities that predict drug responses and disease outcomes. A similar approach was used to map gene tolerability in healthy tissues to prioritize tumor vulnerabilities with the best therapeutic windows. A subset of patient-translatable synthetic lethalities were experimentally tested, including PAPSS1/PAPSS12 and CNOT7/CNOT78, which were validated in vitro and in vivo. Notably, PAPSS1 synthetic lethality was driven by collateral deletion of PAPSS2 with PTEN and was correlated with patient survival. Finally, the translational dependency map is provided as a web-based application for exploring tumor vulnerabilities.
Jointly estimating epidemiological dynamics of Covid-19 from case and wastewater data in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Watson Leighton M. , Plank Michael J. , Armstrong Bridget A. , Chapman Joanne R. , Hewitt Joanne , Morris Helen , Orsi Alvaro , Bunce Michael , Donnelly Christl A. , Steyn Nicholas
Published: July 2024

Background

Timely and informed public health responses to infectious diseases such as COVID-19 necessitate reliable information about infection dynamics. The case ascertainment rate (CAR), the proportion of infections that are reported as cases, is typically much less than one and varies with testing practices and behaviours, making reported cases unreliable as the sole source of data. The concentration of viral RNA in wastewater samples provides an alternate measure of infection prevalence that is not affected by clinical testing, healthcare-seeking behaviour or access to care.

Methods

We construct a state-space model with observed data of levels of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and reported case incidence and estimate the hidden states of the effective reproduction number, R, and CAR using sequential Monte Carlo methods.

Results

We analyse data from 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2023 from Aotearoa New Zealand. Our model estimates that R peaks at 2.76 (95% CrI 2.20, 3.83) around 18 February 2022 and the CAR peaks around 12 March 2022. We calculate that New Zealand’s second Omicron wave in July 2022 is similar in size to the first, despite fewer reported cases. We estimate that the CAR in the BA.5 Omicron wave in July 2022 is approximately 50% lower than in the BA.1/BA.2 Omicron wave in March 2022.

Conclusions

Estimating R, CAR, and cumulative number of infections provides useful information for planning public health responses and understanding the state of immunity in the population. This model is a useful disease surveillance tool, improving situational awareness of infectious disease dynamics in real-time.
Estimation of biological variance in coherent Raman microscopy data of two cell lines using chemometrics
Authors: Junjuri Rajendhar , Calvarese Matteo , Vafaeinezhad MohammadSadegh , Vernuccio Federico , Ventura Marco , Meyer-Zedler Tobias , Gavazzoni Benedetta , Polli Dario , Vanna Renzo , Bongarzone Italia , Ghislanzoni Silvia , Negro Matteo , Popp Juergen , Bocklitz Thomas
Published: July 2024

Broadband Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (BCARS) is a valuable spectroscopic imaging tool forestimating the biological variance of cells in biomedical applications.
Corrective protocol to predict interference free sensor response for paper-based solution sampling coupled with heavy metal sensitive ion-selective electrodes
Authors: Yang Mingpeng , Silva Rochelle , Zhao Ke , Ding Ruiyu , Foo Jit Loong Cyrus , Ge Liya , Lisak Grzegorz
Published: July 2024

The corrective protocol predicts sensor response from paper-based solution sampling potentiometric measurement, offering a simple method to correct the readout. This eliminates the need to modify the paper substrate for measuring heavy metal ions.
Design considerations and biomaterials selection in embedded extrusion 3D bioprinting
Authors: Yogeshwaran Swaprakash , Goodarzi Hosseinabadi Hossein , Gendy Daniel E. , Miri Amir K.
Published: July 2024

In embedded extrusion 3D bioprinting, a temporary matrix preserves a paste-like filament ejecting from a narrow nozzle.
Red-shifted two-photon-sensitive phenanthridine photocages: synthesis and characterisation
Authors: Attiach Célest M. , Kumar Amit , Daniel Jonathan , Blanchard-Desce Mireille , Maruani Antoine , Dalko Peter I.
Published: July 2024

A novel class of phenanthridine-based, one- and two-photon sensitive, photoremovable protecting groups with absorption wavelengths extending beyond 400 nm.
Yb/Si frustrated Lewis pairs with a labile naphthalenyl bridge
Authors: Xu Cheng , Zhao Sixuan , Zhang Heng , Peng Qian , Chen Yaofeng
Published: July 2024

Yb/Si frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) with a labile naphthalenyl bridge are prepared, and these FLPs react with triphenylphosphine sulfide and aryl isocyanide to produce novel silylyne group transfer products through dissociation of naphthalene.
Enhancing protein stability under stress: osmolyte-based deep eutectic solvents as a biocompatible and robust stabilizing medium for lysozyme under heat and cold shock
Authors: Damjanović Anja , Logarušić Marijan , Tumir Lidija-Marija , Andreou Thanos , Cvjetko Bubalo Marina , Radojčić Redovniković Ivana
Published: July 2024

Using a novel bioinspired osmolyte-based DES, we engineered a biocompatible medium for long-term lysozyme storage, resistant to temperature fluctuations.
Recent advances in bifunctional synthesis gas conversion to chemicals and fuels with a comparison to monofunctional processes
Authors: Weber J. L. , Mejía C. Hernández , de Jong K. P. , de Jongh P. E.
Published: July 2024

The direct conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals and fuels using bifunctional catalysis has been reviewed. Some novel bifunctional pathways show promising advantages over the classic approach utilizing several reactor in series.
Advancing sustainable practices in Li-ion battery cathode material recycling: mechanochemical optimisation for magnetic cobalt recovery
Authors: Vauloup Joshua , Bouilhac Cécile , Coppey Nicolas , Lacroix-Desmazes Patrick , Fraisse Bernard , Stievano Lorenzo , Monconduit Laure , Sougrati Moulay Tahar
Published: July 2024

A systematic exploration of milling parameters was performed for improving reduction of cobalt from LCO cathode by aluminium, followed by magnetic extraction.
One-pot π-extension approach of iminoindoles-to-α-carbolines as blue-light emitters using the cooperative basic system
Authors: Lodhi Rajni , Goud S Banuprakash , Samanta Sampak
Published: July 2024

Efficient access to α-carbolines was achieved via a domino reaction between iminoindoles and arylidene malononitriles using DABCO/NaHCO3 as a cooperative basic system. The synthesized scaffolds display blue emissions with good quantum yields.
Transamidation of secondary carboxamides and amidation of esters are facilitated by magnetic Co@NC nanoparticles, as a highly efficient and recyclable catalyst under neat conditions
Authors: Singh Vishal , Rajput Khushbu , Mahaur Priya , Singh Sundaram , Srivastava Vandana
Published: July 2024

Magnetic Co@NC nanoparticles catalysed transamidation of N-Boc-activated secondary amides and direct amidation of esters with amines has been developed. This technique exhibits excellent tolerance towards various functional groups.
Electronic nature of linkers-based conjugated microporous polymers: a sustainable approach to enhance CO2 capture
Authors: Kotp Mohammed G. , EL-Mahdy Ahmed F. M. , Chou Mitch Ming-Chi , Kuo Shiao-Wei
Published: July 2024

We “tailored” CO2-adsorption capacities using the different electronic characteristics of conjugated microporous polymers incorporating modulated linkers.
Co@Ir core–shell nanochain aerogels for the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media
Authors: Chen Jiacheng , Xie Zihao , Tang Yujun , Tang Zhenghua , Wang Xiufang
Published: July 2024

A facile one-step over-reduction method is developed to fabricate IrCo aerogels as efficient and durable HER and OER catalysts.
Iron oxide nanozymes enhanced by ascorbic acid for macrophage-based cancer therapy
Authors: Yi Zhongchao , Yang Xiaoyue , Liang Ying , Tong Sheng
Published: July 2024

This study reveals unique pH-dependent behaviors of IONPs and ascorbic acid, paving the way for a macrophage-based cell therapy.
A single-gold-atom addition regulates sharp redshift in the fluorescence of atomically precise nanoclusters
Authors: Tan Yesen , Li Kang , Xu Jingjing , Li Qinzhen , Yang Sha , Chai Jinsong , Pei Yong , Jia Dianzeng , Zhu Manzhou
Published: July 2024

This work provides an ideal platform to study the significant impact of small differences in the core structures of fluorescents with as little as one atom changes on their optical properties.
‘Donor–acceptor’, ‘interpenetrating polymer network’ and ‘electrostatic self-assembly’ work in tandem to achieve extraordinary specific shielding effectiveness
Authors: Malakar Amit , Mandal Samir , Sen Gupta Ria , Kashyap Vinod , Raj Rishi , Manna Kunal , Bose Suryasarathi
Published: July 2024

Electrostatically assembled m-IPN-CNT construct for effective EMI shielding applications.
Advancements in rheumatoid arthritis therapy: a journey from conventional therapy to precision medicine via nanoparticles targeting immune cells
Authors: Laha Anwesha , Nasra Simran , Bhatia Dhiraj , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: July 2024

Advancements in RA therapy from conventional drugs to nanomedicines based on immune cell therapy, which increases the specificity of the treatment and decreases the off-site effects, are reported. Images are created with BioRender.com.
Rapid preparation of a Fe coordination structure adjustable ORR catalyst using microwaves with a half-wave potential above 0.9 V
Authors: Wang Qingtao , Hu Xia , Cui Kai , Wu Yanxia , Ma Guofu , Lei Ziqiang , Ren Shufang
Published: July 2024

Fe single-atom catalysts with an adjustable coordination structure were fabricated by microwave pyrolysis and FeNC/Fe–N5–C shows a half-wave potential of 0.906 V in the ORR.
Catalysis for the hydrogenation of nitroaromatics by highly dispersed palladium nanoparticles anchored on a resorcin[4]arene-based metal–organic dimer containing amino groups
Authors: Wang Fei-Fei , Jiang Wei , Pei Wen-Yuan , Ma Jian-Fang
Published: July 2024

A new family of resorcin[4]arene-based metal–organic dimers (1–9) were self-assembled, and the catalyst Pd@2 displayed efficient catalytic performance for nitroarene hydrogenation.
Preparation of a biochar-lignosulfonate composite material and its adsorption performance for Cu2+
Authors: Zhang Ying , He Qi , Yang Yonglin , Bai Qian
Published: July 2024

Biochar was prepared using peanut shells as raw materials, and then composite amino-functionalized lignosulfonate was used to prepare a biochar/lignosulfonate adsorbent (BC-CLS).
Shape-controlled synthesis of micro-/nanosized Cu particles with spherical and polyhedral shapes using the polyol process
Authors: Nhat Hang Nguyen Thi , Yang Yong , Phuc Le Hong , Tri Nguyen Huu , Van Cuu Ho , Long Nguyen Viet
Published: July 2024

The spherical and polyhedral shapes of Cu particles are formed via the polyol process. The attachment, collision, and assembly of Cu particles are experimentally found to result in a nano, micro- or micro-/nanosystem.
Sustainable versatile chitin aerogels: facile synthesis, structural control and high-efficiency acoustic absorption
Authors: Wan Jun-Nan , Chen Qing-Yuan , Jiang Jian-Cheng , Guo Wei , Zuo Xiaoqing , Fei Chunlong , Yao Shanshan , Ruan Ju-Qi
Published: July 2024

Crayfish shells, a form of kitchen waste, are utilized as the primary material to produce sustainable and multifunctional chitin aerogels, which effectively eliminate noise.
Structural modulation of aggregation-induced emission luminogens for NIR-II fluorescence imaging/photoacoustic imaging of tumors
Authors: Liu Xue , Tan Yonghong , Zhang Jianyu , Huang Weigeng , Yan Dingyuan , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: July 2024

A novel NIR-II AIE chromophore T-NSD, which has AIE features and intense NIR-II fluorescence emission, is successfully employed for bimodal NIR-II FLI/PAI of subcutaneous tumors in 4T1 tumor-xenografted mice.