bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel oral anticoagulants for the secondary prevention of cerebral ischemia: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Mavridis Dimitris , Parissis John , Deftereos Spyridon , Frogoudaki Alexandra , Vrettou Agathi-Rosa , Ikonomidis Ignatios , Chondrogianni Maria , Safouris Apostolos , Filippatou Angeliki , Voumvourakis Konstantinos , Triantafyllou Nikos , Ellul John , Karapanayiotides Theodore , Giannopoulos Sotirios , Alexandrov Anne W. , Alexandrov Andrei V. , Tsivgoulis Georgios
Published: July 2016

Background:

Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have shown to be both safe and effective for ischemic stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) using published data from secondary prevention subgroups of different phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing individual NOACs with warfarin.

Methods:

Eligible studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and SCOPUS and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. First, we conducted a pairwise meta-analysis for each pairwise comparison, and then we performed NMA to combine direct and indirect evidence for any given pair of treatments. The comparative effects of all NOACs against warfarin were ranked with the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve for each outcome.

Results:

We identified four RCTs (including 15,240 patients) comparing individual NOACs (apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban) with warfarin. Using indirect evidence, dabigatran was related to a significantly lower risk of hemorrhagic stroke compared with rivaroxaban [risk ratio (RR) 0.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.11–0.75], while rivaroxaban was associated with a significantly lower risk of major gastrointestinal bleeding compared with dabigatran (RR 0.14; 95% CI 0.03–0.74). We also performed clustered ranking plot for the primary efficacy and safety endpoints to identify the treatment with the probably best benefit-to-risk ratio profile.

Conclusions:

The three NOACs showed differences in terms of safety and efficacy for secondary stroke prevention in NVAF. Our findings can serve only as hypothesis generation and require independent confirmation in head-to-head RCTs, owing to the sparse available evidence and increased uncertainty in both indirect effect estimates and ranking of treatments.
Training to enhance psychiatrist communication with patients
with psychosis (TEMPO): cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: McCabe Rose , John Paula , Dooley Jemima , Healey Patrick , Cushing Annie , Kingdon David , Bremner Stephen , Priebe Stefan
Published: July 2016

Background

A better therapeutic relationship predicts better outcomes. However,
there is no trial-based evidence on how to improve therapeutic
relationships in psychosis.

Aims

To test the effectiveness of communication training for psychiatrists on
improving shared understanding and the therapeutic relationship (trial
registration: ISRCTN94846422).

Method

In a cluster randomised controlled trial in the UK, 21 psychiatrists were
randomised. Ninety-seven (51% of those approached) out-patients with
schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder were recruited, and 64 (66% of the
sample recruited at baseline) were followed up after 5 months. The
intervention group received four group and one individualised session.
The primary outcome, rated blind, was psychiatrist effort in establishing
shared understanding (self-repair). Secondary outcome was the therapeutic
relationship.

Results

Psychiatrists receiving the intervention used 44% more self-repair than
the control group (adjusted difference in means 6.4, 95% CI 1.46–11.33,
P<0.011, a large effect) adjusting for baseline
self-repair. Psychiatrists rated the therapeutic relationship more
positively (adjusted difference in means 0.20, 95% CI 0.03–0.37,
P = 0.022, a medium effect), as did patients
(adjusted difference in means 0.21, 95% CI 0.01–0.41, P
= 0.043, a medium effect).

Conclusions

Shared understanding can be successfully targeted in training and
improves relationships in treating psychosis.
US NCI's Center for Global Health Regional Centers for Research Excellence Program to Support Research Infrastructure on Non-Communicable Diseases, Mental Health and Injuries (NCDs)
Authors: Silkensen Shannon L. , Flanigan John S.
Published: July 2016

Abstract 78

In many low and middle-income countries (LMICs) there is a marked need to build or enhance research infrastructure to support basic, translational, clinical, and population science on non-communicable diseases, mental health and injuries (NCDs). To support this growing need, the NCI's Center for Global Health recently invited investigators throughout the world to apply for Planning Grants for Regional Infrastructure Centers (RCREs) for the coordination of research on NCDs in LMICs. The purpose of the funding opportunity (FOA) is to facilitate the planning and designing of RCRE that will build on collaborative partnerships among investigators from institutions in high-income countries (HICs)/ Upper Middle Income Countries (UMIC) and LMICs. The presentation will provide details of the opportunity for funding from the NCI, how partnerships can be created, the requirements for the application to the program and its multiple funding timelines, and early information about the program's global reach. The NCI Center for Global Health encourages the CUGH community to examine and become involved in this this opportunity as primary or partner applicants.

AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:

No COIs from either author.
An Analysis of Treatment Failure in Wilms Tumor (WT): A Report from the Central American Association of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (AHOPCA)
Authors: Valverde Patricia , Ortiz Roberta , Fuentes-Alabi Soad , Peña Armando , Montero Margarita , Ortega Miguel , Wilimas Judy , Fernandez-Pineda Israel , Metzger Monika , Spreafico Filippo
Published: July 2016

Abstract 57

Background:

Patients with WT in AHOPCA present late with large abdominal masses, in poor clinical condition. This analysis focuses on treatment failure.

Methods:

Between 2012 and 2015, 182 evaluable patients were diagnosed with unilateral WT. Patients were staged with abdominal ultrasound/computed tomography and thorax radiograph/CT. Therapy was adapted from National Wilms Tumor Study-5 except for patients with large abdominal masses and/or severe malnutrition who received preoperative doxorubicin, vincristine, actinomycin-D for 4 to 6 weeks. Treatment failure was defined as abandonment of therapy, recurrent/progressive disease (PD), and death: early (< 2 weeks from diagnosis) or toxic (> 2 weeks after diagnosis).

Results:

49% were male; 23% were <2 years (median age 3.5y). Stage distribution: I, 8; II, 21; III, 116; IV, 37 cases. For 123/181 (68%) preoperative therapy was warranted (volume 579cm3). Treatment failures were: recurrence/PD 28; abandonment 19; early death 3, and toxic death 2. 2/29 (7%) patients with stage I/II suffered recurrence/PD, 13/116 (11%) stage III, and 13/37 (35%) stage IV. Most failures were metastatic (68%). Abandonment-sensitive 3-years EFS was 68%±0.04% (SE) for the all stages, 77%±0.043% abandonment-censored, and abandonment-sensitive OS was 71%±0.05%.

Conclusion:

Multicenter protocol-driven therapy tailored to fit regional needs is feasible in patients with WT. Abandonment remains a challenge as do early and toxic deaths due to advanced disease presentations in fragile children. Compared to previous eras 2000-2004 (3-year EFS 50%±4.3% and 2005-2011 (3-year EFS 59%±3.1%) survivals continue to improve. This improvement reflects the engagement of the whole multidisciplinary team including surgery, radiation oncology, and pathology.

AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:

No COIs from the authors.
Knowledge and Attitudes of a Cohort of Male University Students in Jamaica Regarding Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and the HPV Vaccine
Authors: Parkinson Sean , Bambury Ian , Rattray Carole
Published: July 2016

Abstract 51

Background:

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Jamaica with an incidence of 17.4/100,000. (1). Cervical cancer is acquired sexually, with the human papilloma virus (HPV) being the most important causative agent (2,3). HPV infection is associated with the development of other cancers such as anogenital, vaginal, vulvar and anal cancers in women, and penile and anal cancers in men.(2) It is also responsible for genital warts and oropharyngeal cancer in both men and women. Two vaccines were approved for the prevention of cervical cancer by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are available in Jamaica (4,5). This study assessed the knowledge and attitudes in a male cohort towards HPV and HPV vaccine.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study in which two hundred male students were recruited. Information for this study was gathered from responses given in a self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.

Results:

The mean age of the respondents was 22.6 years. 50.5% stated that they had heard of HPV. Of those who knew of the HPV, only 37.6% vs 39.6% of respondents reported that sexual intercourse was a requirement for HPV transmission, while 22.8% did not know. 43% reported knowing that HPV causes genital warts and 42% knew of an association with cervical cancer. 16.5% of the respondents knew of the HPV vaccine. Only 21.2% knew that the HPV vaccine protects against cervical cancer while the remaining 78.8% either said that it didn't provide protection or did not know. 15.3% knew that the vaccine is approved for both males and females while 84.7% did not know.

Conclusion:

There was significant knowledge deficit in the awareness of HPV and the HPV vaccine in our male university students. Gibson, T.N., et al., Age-specific incidence of cancer in Kingston and St. Andrew, Jamaica, 2003-2007. West Indian Med J, 2010. 59(5): p. 456-64. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Basic information about HPV –associated cancers. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/basic_info . 2013. Bosch, F.X. and S. de Sanjose, Chapter 1: Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer-- burden and assessment of causality. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr, 2003(31): p. 3-13. FDA licensure of bivalent Human Papillomavirus vaccine (HPV2,Cervarix) for use in females and updated vaccination recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) .Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). MMWR Morb Mort Wkly Rep, 2010(59): p. 626-9. FDA, “FDA Approves New Vaccine Indication for Gardasil to Prevent Genital Warts in Men and Boys,” Bethesda, Md, USA. 2009.

AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:

No COIs from the authors.
Implants for Cost-Effective and Accessible Treatment of Gynecologic and Gastrointestinal Cancer Metastasis by Local and Sustained Low-Dose Chemotherapy
Authors: Mantzavinou Aikaterini , Cima Michael J. , Tanenbaum Laura Melanie
Published: July 2016

Abstract 46

Gynecologic and gastrointestinal malignancies are two of the most prevalent cancer types in low and middle- income countries (LMICs), affecting more than 2 million individuals and killing more than 1 million patients annually. These malignancies at an advanced stage metastasize locally but extensively; this spread is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality, affecting 60-80% of patients in LMICs. Localized chemotherapy can benefit survival of patients with such metastases. Localized chemotherapy is, however, essentially unattainable in resource-limited settings, even though many chemotherapy agents are on the WHO list of essential medicines and are currently off patent. This is because of the high cost of, and frequent hospitalizations required under, the current regimen, as well as the morbidity of bolus dosing. Continuous, low-dose chemotherapy via a locally implanted device can address these adoption barriers. Previous attempts to create implants for localized chemotherapy delivery have been hindered by poorly controlled drug release and inhibiting form factors. This work explores the development of a nonresorbable and laparoscopically deployable implant to administer continuous low-dose chemotherapy. The feasibility of chemotherapy using the proposed implant in LMICs is assessed using physician interviews and literature reviews. Tissue-like silicone elastomers are used to create a matrix-type drug delivery implant that minimizes soft tissue irritation and risk of rupture while allowing laparoscopic manipulation. The synthesis and drug release profile of the silicone-based matrix are characterized for small hydrophilic active agents. Configurations allowing implant deployment through laparoscopic instruments are explored. Proof-of-concept controlled release of a hydrophilic small molecule from a lipophilic, tissue-like silicone elastomer that can be scaled to human form factors is thus established. Localized, low-dose chemotherapy delivered via a fully implantable device holds promise to dramatically reduce the cost and resources necessary for treating advanced-stage gynecologic and gastrointestinal malignancies in LMICs, improving cancer patient outcomes in resource-limited settings.

AUTHORS’ DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:

Aikaterini Mantzavinou No relationship to disclose Michael J. Cima Leadership: T2 Biosystems, MicroChips Biotechnologies, Taris BioMedical Stock or Other Ownership: T2 Biosystems, MicroChips Biotechnologies, Taris BioMedical Research Funding: Pfizer Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: Too many to describe (over 50 patents) Expert Testimony: Apotex Laura Melanie Tanenbaum Patents, Royalties, Other Intellectual Property: System and Method for Sterile Sheathing of a Medical Probe
How to find home backwards? Locomotion and inter-leg coordination during rearward walking ofCataglyphis fortisdesert ants
Authors: Pfeffer Sarah E. , Wahl Verena L. , Wittlinger Matthias
Published: July 2016

For insects, flexibility in the performance of terrestrial locomotion is a vital part of facing the challenges of their often unpredictable environment. Arthropods such as scorpions and crustaceans can switch readily from forward to backward locomotion, but in insects this behaviour seems to be less common and, therefore, is only poorly understood. Here we present an example of spontaneous and persistent backward walking in Cataglyphis desert ants that allows us to investigate rearward locomotion within a natural context. When ants find a food item that is too large to be lifted up and to be carried in a normal forward-faced orientation, they will drag the load walking backwards to their home nest. A detailed examination of this behaviour reveals a surprising flexibility of the locomotor output. Compared with forward walks with regular tripod coordination, no main coordination pattern can be assigned to rearward walks. However, we often observed leg-pair-specific stepping patterns. The front legs frequently step with small stride lengths, while the middle and the hind legs are characterized by less numerous but larger strides. But still, these specializations show no rigidly fixed leg coupling, nor are they strictly embedded within a temporal context; therefore, they do not result in a repetitive coordination pattern. The individual legs act as separate units, most likely to better maintain stability during backward dragging.
How to find home backwards? Navigation during rearward homing of Cataglyphis fortis desert ants
Authors: Pfeffer Sarah E. , Wittlinger Matthias
Published: July 2016

Cataglyphis ants are renowned for their impressive navigation skills, which have been studied in numerous experiments during forward locomotion. However, the ants' navigational performance during backward homing when dragging large food loads has not been investigated until now. During backward locomotion, the odometer has to deal with unsteady motion and irregularities in inter-leg coordination. The legs' sensory feedback during backward walking is not just a simple reversal of the forward stepping movements: compared with forward homing, ants are facing towards the opposite direction during backward dragging. Hence, the compass system has to cope with a flipped celestial view (in terms of the polarization pattern and the position of the sun) and an inverted retinotopic image of the visual panorama and landmark environment. The same is true for wind and olfactory cues. In this study we analyze for the first time backward-homing ants and evaluate their navigational performance in channel and open field experiments. Backward-homing Cataglyphis fortis desert ants show remarkable similarities in the performance of homing compared with forward-walking ants. Despite the numerous challenges emerging for the navigational system during backward walking, we show that ants perform quite well in our experiments. Direction and distance gauging was comparable to that of the forward-walking control groups. Interestingly, we found that backward-homing ants often put down the food item and performed foodless search loops around the left food item. These search loops were mainly centred around the drop-off position (and not around the nest position), and increased in length the closer the ants came to their fictive nest site.
How Much Does Honesty Cost? Small Bonuses Can Motivate Ethical Behavior
Authors: Wang Long , Murnighan J. Keith
Published: July 2016

Although people generally try to avoid lying, the lure of potential monetary payoffs often leads to unethical behavior. The current research investigates whether small monetary rewards for honesty help people resist the temptations of larger incentives or whether they backfire and lead to even more dishonesty. Four experiments address these issues. Experiment 1 shows that a $1 bonus led people to act more honestly when they could have lied to obtain $4; an identical bonus, however, did not increase dishonesty. Experiment 2 uses a different context and again shows that a $1 bonus led people to act more honestly; it also finds no evidence that this small payoff crowded out subsequent altruistic behavior. Experiment 3 shows that a $1 bonus increased people’s honesty even when the payoffs for lying increased to $8, $12, and $16, but not when the payoff for lying increased to $20. Experiment 4 finds that smaller bonuses for honesty still had an impact, although it tended to be somewhat weaker. In addition, compared with no bonus, the combined effect of several small monetary bonuses (1 dollar, 75 cents, 50 cents, and 25 cents) marginally reduced lying.

Data are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2480 .

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
Modeling the global atmospheric transport and deposition of mercury to the Great Lakes
Authors: Cohen Mark D. , Draxler Roland R. , Artz Richard S. , Blanchard Pierrette , Gustin Mae Sexauer , Han Young-Ji , Holsen Thomas M. , Jaffe Daniel A. , Kelley Paul , Lei Hang , Loughner Christopher P. , Luke Winston T. , Lyman Seth N. , Niemi David , Pacyna Jozef M. , Pilote Martin , Poissant Laurier , Ratte Dominique , Ren Xinrong , Steenhuisen Frits , Steffen Alexandra , Tordon Rob , Wilson Simon J.
Published: July 2016

Mercury contamination in the Great Lakes continues to have important public health and wildlife ecotoxicology impacts, and atmospheric deposition is a significant ongoing loading pathway. The objective of this study was to estimate the amount and source-attribution for atmospheric mercury deposition to each lake, information needed to prioritize amelioration efforts. A new global, Eulerian version of the HYSPLIT-Hg model was used to simulate the 2005 global atmospheric transport and deposition of mercury to the Great Lakes. In addition to the base case, 10 alternative model configurations were used to examine sensitivity to uncertainties in atmospheric mercury chemistry and surface exchange. A novel atmospheric lifetime analysis was used to characterize fate and transport processes within the model. Model-estimated wet deposition and atmospheric concentrations of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg(0)) were generally within ∼10% of measurements in the Great Lakes region. The model overestimated non-Hg(0) concentrations by a factor of 2–3, similar to other modeling studies. Potential reasons for this disagreement include model inaccuracies, differences in atmospheric Hg fractions being compared, and the measurements being biased low. Lake Erie, downwind of significant local/regional emissions sources, was estimated by the model to be the most impacted by direct anthropogenic emissions (58% of the base case total deposition), while Lake Superior, with the fewest upwind local/regional sources, was the least impacted (27%). The U.S. was the largest national contributor, followed by China, contributing 25% and 6%, respectively, on average, for the Great Lakes. The contribution of U.S. direct anthropogenic emissions to total mercury deposition varied between 46% for the base case (with a range of 24–51% over all model configurations) for Lake Erie and 11% (range 6–13%) for Lake Superior. These results illustrate the importance of atmospheric chemistry, as well as emissions strength, speciation, and proximity, to the amount and source-attribution of mercury deposition.
Orchid bee fauna responds to habitat complexity on a savanna area (Cerrado) in Brazil.
Authors: Antonini Yasmine , Silveira Rodrigo Assunção , Oliveira Márcio , Martins Cristiane , Oliveira Reisla
Published: July 2016

Habitat structure and complexity may broadly affect the diversity and composition of a variety of fauna in terrestrial systems. Here we investigated responses of orchid bee assemblages to habitat complexity, with the aim of assessing complexity as a useful surrogate for species diversity of this group. We test the following hypotheses: (i) There is a greater species richness and abundance of orchid bee in sites with high habitat complexity than lower habitat complexity; (ii) High habitat complexity sites have a different species composition of orchid bee than lower habitat complexity sites. For the purposes of our study, we defined habitat complexity as the heterogeneity in the arrangement in physical structure of habitat (vegetation), although there are a large range of operational definitions in the literature. As result, orchid bee species richness was higher in high complexity areas while community composition was not affected by habitat complexity, because Euglossa melanotricha and E. leucotricha were the dominant species, occurring in both environments. Habitat complexity, measured as a function of differences in multiple strata in forests, may be of great worth as a surrogate for the diversity of a range of arthropod groups including orchid bees.
Insecticidal effect of volatile compounds from plant materials of Murraya exotica against Red Imported Fire Ant Workers
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Huang Ri-lin , Li Zi-hao , Wang Shi-ying , Fu Jian-tao , Cheng Dong-mei
Published: July 2016

The effect of volatile compounds from the mashed fresh, fallen, and dried leaves of Murraya exotica on the behavior of red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta, RIFA) workers was investigated by fumigation toxicity bioassay. The volatile compounds from different mashed leaves (fresh, fallen, and dried leaves) of M. exotica were collected by solid-phase microextraction and identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. β-Caryophyllene, α-cedrene, α-copaene, β-cubebene, and germacrene D were identified as major components of the volatile compounds. In exposure time from 1 d to 9 d, the mortality of RIFA increased from 5.00% to 100.00% (fresh leaves), 11.67% to 93.33% (fallen leaves), and 15.00% to 83.33% (dried leaves) in minor workers, whereas in major workers, the increases were from 13.33% to 93.33% (fresh leaves), 6.67% to 83.33% (fallen leaves), and 10.00% to 60.00% (dried leaves). The volatile compounds reduced the walking and grasping abilities and aggregation rate of RIFA workers. Results indicate that mashed leaves of M. exotica have potential for controlling RIFA.
‘Eeveryone’s magical and everyone’s important’: Karaoke community and identity in an Aamerican gay bar
Authors: Kelley Jamey
Published: July 2016

Although community music activities can take many forms, a ‘participatory ethos’ is central to most community music endeavours. Karaoke singing, the practice of public singing to an accompaniment track, which on the surface appears to emphasize solo performance, has the potential to provide a communal flow experience that could be described as community music within certain contexts. Karaoke singing has become a musical practice and form of entertainment around the world and in many types of settings. The case study used for this investigation is a karaoke culture at an LGBT establishment in a city on the American west coast. This study focuses on the formation of community as well as identity through karaoke performance. Additionally, the application of Turino’s framework of participatory and presentational performance was used to examine how musical behaviours may encourage the formation of community and identity. Findings within this case study reveal the importance of the roles of the participants, the role of the facilitator, the agency of the individual, the fixity of musical forms, and musical texture to promote participatory experiences.
Musical activity across the lifespan as it contributes to quality of life
Authors: White Mary Terrell
Published: July 2016

As the baby-boomer generation ages, attention to maintaining quality of life is receiving renewed attention. Involvement in social activity, including the performing arts, is increasingly seen as offering opportunities for meaningful social engagement as well as promoting physical and emotional health. This article examines the role of musical activity for older adults in a small town in Ohio, exploring what musicians value about their musical activities and how they believe their involvement in music contributes to their quality of life. Respondents affirm that music confers benefits of enjoyment, intellectual and physical stimulation, and meaningful engagement in their community. These findings are consistent with factors previously identified as essential to the quality of life of older individuals, and are strengthened by their similarity to an earlier, much larger study of benefits perceived by older musicians participating in New Horizons ensembles.
‘The reader–viewer’ in Indian literate-media contexts: A Kerala archive
Authors: Balakrishnan Kavitha
Published: July 2016

This article discusses a Kerala archive of periodical magazines (1900–2012), an Indian region’s approach to the print-picture practices of periodical magazines within the context of twentieth-century literate media. It outlines a few characteristic contexts of the Malayali
reader using his unarticulated flip side, the Malayali viewer. This is an image-rich story of a range of print-picture genres, a visual field of literary illustrators, cartoonists, graphic authors, calligraphic title and film poster designers and photo-featurists as they have culturally functioned
in the mindscapes of a reading/looking class. The literary illustrators among them bear the problematic title of ‘aesthetic viewing’ in an ephemeral domain. Their story is presented on the basis of an extensive archival research into discreet cultural hegemony and patriarchy in
this region.
Rumour, Legend, Tradition, Fact: A critical project report
Authors: Vormittag Luise
Published: July 2016

Over the last few years ‘community’, ‘participation’ and ‘heritage’ have become key words in creative commissioning. These terms are generally invoked with an abundancy of good intentions, but little critical reflection. In this article the author
uses a commission of hers as an example to unpick some of the unquestioned assumptions and interests that tend to underpin these projects. The manifold determinants, including bureaucratic, legislative, financial, political and art-historical factors, to these types of commissions are conceptualized
as a ‘forcefield’, an area of contradictory values, aims and objectives that the author has to navigate. The article combines critical analysis, project report and personal reflection. It describes the author’s efforts to arrive at a satisfactory subject position and project
outcome in relation to the conceptual complexities she encounters.
Family socioeconomic status and weight velocity in children aged 6-24 months
Authors: Eka Tiara , Anzar Julius , Azhar Mutiara Budi
Published: July 2016

Background Socioeconomic status is one of the external factors that influences weight velocity.Objective To assess for a correlation between family socioeconomic status and weight velocity.Method This cross-sectional study was performed from October to December 2014. Subjects were patients at community health centers in Palembang, and included by a consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected by interviewing mothers using questionaires. We measured the children’s weight and compared it to the previous weight measurement on the Child Health Card (Kartu Menuju Sehat/KMS). Risk of failure to thrive was determined by plotting increments onto the 2009 WHO Growth Velocity Standards Chart. Data were analyzed by Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests.Results The 97 respondents consisted of 74 children (76%) with good weight velocity and 23 children (24%) with risk of failure to thrive. Using indicators of socioeconomic status, we found a significant correlation between the level of family welfare and weight velocity. (PR=48.000; 95%CI 2.3 to 997.1; P=0.016). However, level of maternal education (P=0.788) and the number of children in the family (P=0.550) had no significant correlation to weight velocity. Caregivers of children (P= 0.560) and duration of exclusive breastfeeding (P=0.390) were not confounding variables for weight velocity in this study.Conclusion High to moderate level of family welfare is significantly correlated to good weight velocity. However, weight velocity has no significant correlation to either the level of maternal education or the number of children in the family. Caregivers of children and duration of exclusive breastfeeding are not confounding variables for this study.
Mindfulness: Its Transformative Potential for Consumer, Societal, and Environmental Well-Being
Authors: Bahl Shalini , Milne George R. , Ross Spencer M. , Mick David Glen , Grier Sonya A. , Chugani Sunaina K. , Chan Steven S. , Gould Stephen , Cho Yoon-Na , Dorsey Joshua D. , Schindler Robert M. , Murdock Mitchel R. , Boesen-Mariani Sabine
Published: July 2016

The authors propose that mindfulness is an antidote to mindless consumption, which adversely affects individual and collective well-being. The concept of mindfulness is explained and applied to the consumption context. More specifically, the authors examine mindful consumption as an ongoing practice of bringing attention, with acceptance, to inner and outer stimuli, and the effects of this practice on the consumption process. The transformative potential of mindful consumption is reviewed across domains of consumer, societal, and environmental well-being, with suggestions for future research. The article highlights some of the challenges to realizing the transformative potential of mindful consumption and concludes with suggestions for the actions that consumers, institutions, and policy makers could take to promote mindful consumption.
Transforming Poverty-Related Policy with Intersectionality
Authors: Corus Canan , Saatcioglu Bige , Kaufman-Scarborough Carol , Blocker Christopher P. , Upadhyaya Shikha , Appau Samuelson
Published: July 2016

Despite progress toward poverty alleviation, policy making still lags in thinking about how individuals experience poverty as overlapping sources of disadvantage. Using the lens of intersectionality, this article identifies the gaps that arise from a conventional focus on isolated facets of poverty. Insights generated from an analysis of extant scholarship are used to develop a road map to help policy makers develop programs that address the complex experience of poverty and promote transformative solutions.
Managing the Tensions at the Intersection of the Triple Bottom Line: A Paradox Theory Approach to Sustainability Management
Authors: Ozanne Lucie K. , Phipps Marcus , Weaver Todd , Carrington Michal , Luchs Michael , Catlin Jesse , Gupta Shipra , Santos Nicholas , Scott Kristin , Williams Jerome
Published: July 2016

Corporate sustainability management encompasses multiple dimensions: environmental, social, and economic. Companies are increasingly evaluated within the public sphere, and within their own organizations, according to the degree to which they are perceived to simultaneously promote this nexus of virtues. This article seeks to explore the tensions frequently faced by organizations that strive to manage these dimensions and the role of public policy in that pursuit. A multiple–case study approach is utilized in which the authors selected case organizations according to whether they were attempting to manage the three dimensions of sustainability. The authors utilize paradox theory and a typology provided by previous research to understand the nature of the tensions that emerge in the selected case study organizations. They extend this previous work by examining the role of public policy in providing the situational conditions to make these paradoxical tensions salient, and they examine organizational responses to these conditions. Directions for firms, policy makers, and future researchers are provided on the basis of this study's findings.
Precision, Accuracy, and Performance Outcomes of Perceived Exertion vs. Heart Rate Guided Run-training
Authors: Johnson Evan C. , Pryor Riana R. , Casa Douglas J. , Ellis Lindsay A. , Maresh Carl M. , Pescatello Linda S. , Ganio Matthew S. , Lee Elaine C. , Armstrong Lawrence E.
Published: July 2016

Johnson, EC, Pryor, RR, Casa, DJ, Ellis, LA, Maresh, CM, Pescatello, LS, Ganio, MS, Lee, EC, and Armstrong, LE. Precision, accuracy, and performance outcomes of perceived exertion vs. heart rate guided run-training. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 630–637, 2017—The purpose of this investigation was to compare run-prescription by heart rate (HR) vs. rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during 6 weeks to determine which is superior for consistent achievement of target intensities and improved performance. Forty untrained men participated in this laboratory-controlled and field-controlled trial. Participants were divided into heart rate (HRTG) and rating of perceived exertion training groups (RPETG). All underwent maximal-graded exercise testing and a 12-minute run test before and after training. Intensity was prescribed as either a target HR or RPE that corresponded to 4 relative intensity levels: 45, 60, 75, and 90% V̇o
2 reserve (V̇o
2R). Mean exercise intensity over the 6 weeks did not differ between HRTG (65.6 ± 7.2%HRR) and RPETG (61.9 ± 9.0%HRR). V̇o
2max (+4.1 ± 2.5 ml·kg−1·min−1) and 12 minutes run distance (+240.1 ± 150.1 m) improved similarly in HRTG and RPETG (p > 0.05). HRTG displayed lower coefficients of variation (CV) (5.9 ± 4.1%, 3.3 ± 3.8%, and 3.0 ± 2.2%) and %error (4.1 ± 4.7%, 2.3 ± 4.1% and 2.6 ± 3.2%) at 45, 60, and 75% V̇o
2R compared with RPETG (CV 11.1 ± 5.0%, 7.7 ± 4.1% and 5.6 ± 3.2%; all p < 0.005) %error (15.7 ± 9.2%, 10.6 ± 9.2% and 6.7 ± 3.2%; all p < 0.001), respectively. Overall, HR-prescribed and RPE-prescribed run-training resulted in similar exercise intensity and performance outcomes over 6 weeks. Differences in the CV and %error suggest use of HR monitoring for individuals that are new to running as it improves precision and accuracy but does not increase performance improvements across 6 weeks.
Immediate Effects of Sports Taping Applied on the Lead Knee of Low- and High-Handicapped Golfers During Golf Swing
Authors: Kim Tae-Gyu , Kim Eun-Kuk , Park Jong-Chul
Published: July 2016

Kim, T-G, Kim, E-K, and Park, J-C. Immediate effects of sports taping applied on the lead knee of low- and high-handicapped golfers during golf swing.J Strength Cond Res31(4): 981–989, 2017—Elite golf athletes suffer from various musculoskeletal injuries due to repeated golf swings. Repetitive varus moment during golf swing has been suggested as a possible cause of injuries to the lead knee. The aim of this study was to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the immediate effects of sports taping on the lead knee of elite golfers to restrict varus moment. Thirty-one elite golfers were assigned to the low- (LHG,n= 15) or high-handicapped group (HHG,n= 16). Using 3-dimensional motion analysis, the lead knee position on the frontal plane with and without rigid taping (RT), elastic taping (ET), and placebo taping was identified in 4 separate phases by the 5 events of golf swing as follows: the peak of the backswing (E1), parallel to the ground during downswing (E2), ball impact (E3), parallel to the ground during follow-through (E4), and finish (E5). The LHG when using a driver club had decreased movement toward knee varus with RT and ET than that without it from E1 to E2 (p= 0.001). The LHG when using a 5-iron club decreased movement toward knee varus with RT than that without it from E1 to E2 (p= 0.006) and from E2 to E3 (p= 0.019). The HHG when using a driver club had decreased movement toward knee varus with RT from E1 to E2 (p= 0.014). Sports taping may be helpful for elite golfers in terms of reducing varus moment of the lead knee during the downswing and be useful for the development of preventive strategies for golf-related knee injuries.
The 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test: Can It Predict Outcomes in Field Tests of Anaerobic Performance?
Authors: Scott Brendan R. , Hodson Jacob A. , Govus Andrew D. , Dascombe Ben J.
Published: July 2016

Scott, BR, Hodson, JA, Govus, AD, and Dascombe, BJ. The 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test: can it predict outcomes in field tests of anaerobic performance? J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2825–2831, 2017—This study determined whether a composite assessment of intermittent fitness could be used to quantify performance in several anaerobic tasks. Fifty-two male recreational athletes (age: 24.3 ± 4.4 years; body mass: 85.1 ± 12.2 kg; height: 180.5 ± 7.0 cm) were recruited from various team sports. Participants completed a battery of field tests to assess sprinting speed (40-m sprint), acceleration ability (10-m sprint), change of direction speed (505 test), anaerobic capacity (300-m shuttle), lower-body power (vertical jump), and repeated-sprint ability and the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test to determine the velocity of intermittent fitness (VIFT). Relationships between anaerobic tests and VIFT were quantified via Pearson product-moment correlations, and a 2-predictor model multiple linear regression estimated the predictive relationships between the exercise tests and the VIFT. Multiple linear regression showed that VIFT significantly predicted 56, 51, 44, 36, 12, and 1% of the variance in the 300-m shuttle, repeated sprint, 505- and 40-m sprint, vertical jump, and 10-m sprint tests, respectively. The 2-predictor model determined the 300-m shuttle, and repeated-sprint performance accounted for 67% of the variance in VIFT. These findings highlight that various anaerobic characteristics contribute to the intermittent fitness qualities that are quantified through VIFT. More specifically, these data indicate that VIFT is useful for tracking performance in tasks largely determined by anaerobic capacity, but may not be a good predictor of brief all-out sprinting and jumping efforts.
Hydration Status Assessment Techniques and Their Applicability Among Olympic Combat Sports Athletes: Literature Review
Authors: Zubac Damir , Marusic Uros , Karninčič Hrvoje
Published: July 2016

IT IS GENERALLY ACCEPTED THAT VOLUNTARY WEIGHT CUTTING BEFORE ENTERING A COMPETITION HAS BECOME A HABITUAL PRACTICE AMONG COMBAT SPORTS ATHLETES. APART FROM ANTIDOPING REGULATIONS BANNING THE USE OF DIURETICS, THE OLYMPIC GOVERNING BODY HAS NOT ESTABLISHED POLICIES AIMED TO MONITOR AGGRESSIVE WEIGHT CUTTING. IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT FOR COMBAT SPORTS ATHLETES TO REDUCE ADVERSE AND HEALTH-THREATENING SIDE EFFECTS EVOKED BY DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO ACHIEVING COMPETITION WEIGHT. THEREFORE, DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RELIABLE AND ACCURATE HYDRATION ASSESSMENT TOOLS ARE WARRANTED. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO REVIEW CURRENT RESEARCH FINDINGS OF MEASUREMENT CHARACTERISTICS CURRENTLY DEPLOYED IN COMBAT SPORTS RESEARCH.
A Physical Training Framework for Reserve Personnel: A Rationalization and Recommendations
Authors: Orr Robin M. , Pope Rodney P. , Knapik Joseph J.
Published: July 2016

RESERVE (PART-TIME) ARMY PERSONNEL TYPICALLY PERFORM OCCUPATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL TASKS AKIN TO THOSE OF THEIR ACTIVE-DUTY COUNTERPARTS BUT MAY HAVE LOWER FITNESS BECAUSE OF LESS PHYSICAL TRAINING. AS SUCH, RESERVE MILITARY PERSONNEL MAY BE AT A GREATER RISK OF INJURY AND HAVE PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE DEFICITS. TO IMPROVE FITNESS AND PERFORMANCE, TRAINING GUIDELINES SUGGEST 3 D/WK AEROBIC TRAINING AND 2 D/WK OF STRENGTH TRAINING, ALTHOUGH SOME DAYS MAY INCLUDE BOTH. AMONG RESERVE MILITARY PERSONNEL AWAY FROM THEIR UNITS, BOTH GENERAL AND OCCUPATIONALLY ORIENTED TRAINING COULD BE TRACKED USING COMPUTER APPLICATIONS AND/OR BY EVENING TRAINING IN GROUPS, WHICH MAY IMPROVE COMPLIANCE AND MOTIVATION.
Female Endurance Racing: The Case for Equality
Authors: Carmichael Ryanne D. , Greenberg Jordan
Published: July 2016

WOMEN RACE SHORTER DISTANCES THAN MEN IN CERTAIN ENDURANCE SPORTS, INCLUDING EVENTS IN RUNNING, NORDIC SKIING, AND CYCLING. OUTDATED RATIONALES FOR DIFFERENCES IN RACE STANDARDS BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN ARE NOT BASED ON CURRENT KNOWLEDGE OF THE FEMALE ENDURANCE ATHLETE'S PHYSIOLOGY. THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO EXAMINE EVIDENCE THAT SUPPORTS THE ARGUMENT THAT ATHLETES OF BOTH SEXES SHOULD COMPETE WITHIN THE SAME RACE STANDARDS.
Analytical Study of Heat Transfer under Effect of Internal Heat Generation and Radiation over a Stretching Surface
Authors: M. Almas
Published: July 2016

Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) is used to analytically study the heat transfer in a porous medium over a stretching surface with internal heat generation and radiation. The governing equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations and then solved using HAM method. Effects of different physical parameters such as permeability, suction, Prandtl number, radiation and Heat generation have been studied on temperature and velocity fields. And also analytical results have been shown for local skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number. The analytical solutions have been compared with numerical results which showed remarkable agreements.
Optimizing the Inclination Angle of a Solar PV System for Installation in Slave Lake, Alberta, for Maximizing PV Power Generation
Authors: Basel I. Ismail  , Justin P. Bujold
Published: July 2016

Increasing fossil fuel prices, electricity demand, and global concern for greenhouse gas emissions have generated an increase in research of novel renewable energy technologies for green power generation. Renewable solar-photovoltaic (PV) systems are known fosr their ability to directly convert the solar energy into electrical energy for locations where there is a desperate need and demand for electrical power, e.g. Communities and towns in remote locations, and solar energy is available. PV systems tend to generate more power if they are operated efficiently. The inclination (tilt) angle at which a solar photovoltaic (PV) module is sloped from the horizontal plane is one of the most influencing system parameters that affects the electrical power output from the PV system. This is due to the fact that the variation in the tilt angle affects the amount of incident solar radiation received on a PV system and utilized by the load once installed at a certain site. In this work, a mathematical model is used to estimate the total solar radiation incident on an inclined surface and to determine the optimum inclination angle for maximizing power generation from a solar PV system installed in Slave Lake, Alberta, Canada. The total solar energy received on the optimally inclined PV surface is computed for all months in a year. It was found that the monthly average optimum tilt angle of the PV system varied from a minimum value of 9o in the month of June to a maximum value of 78o in the months of January and December. The yearly average monthly optimum tilt angle for the fixed PV system in Slave Lake was estimated to be at 47o. It was also found that the highest maximum incident radiation of approximately 21.30 Mj/m2 for the whole year occurred in the month of June, where as approximately 30.4% of this value (the lowest in the year) occurred in the month of December. The minimum incident solar radiation for all months in the winter season occurred at almost zero tilt angle and that the variation of the monthly average daily sunlight hours varied from 6.9 hours in December to as high as 17.1 hours in June.
Chemical Composition Control of Evaporated Cu2ZnSnS4 Solar Cells
Authors: Hongtao Cui  , Chang-Yeh Lee  , Sihong Gong  , Xiaolei Liu  , Xiaojing Hao 
Published: July 2016

This paper focuses on chemical composition issue of evaporated Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) absorber and potential solutions to it. The chemical composition of the CZTS absorber was estimated by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and a solution-based Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICPMS). It discloses a chemical non-uniformity issue spatially on even the same sample and confirms Sn loss issue. It also reveals that substrate option affects composition control.
Design and Simulation of a New Solar Paraboloid Dish Collector
Authors: E. Bellos  , C. Tzivanidis  , K. A. Antonopoulos 
Published: July 2016

Solar energy utilization is vital for our society which faces the global warming problem and the increase in the prize of fossil fuels. Concentrating solar collectors are a promising technology for producing useful energy from the sun. In this study, an innovative concentrating collector with a paraboloid dish reflector is presented and simulated. The main idea of this collector is the use of a dish reflector for continuous heat production with a high concentration ratio. For this reason, a spherical receiver absorber with two linear insulated ducts is used. The cost of this system is relative low because there is not a glass cover but a tracking system is required. The final results show better performance than the typical collectors such as the flat plate collectors and the evacuated tube collectors, fact that makes this collector a promising solution. The design and the simulation are carried out with the commercial software Solidworks, in the flow simulation studio.
Measurement of PM2.5 and Water-Soluble Ions at Central Tokyo, Japan and Source Apportionment
Authors: Shiori Ota  , Junya Hanasaki  , Kazuhiro Toki  , Takuto Horigome  , Akihiro Takemasa  , Yuri Ohkoshi  , Nami Takahashi  , Yoshika Sekine
Published: July 2016

Air pollution by fine particulate matter, PM2.5 has been inviting considerable concerns in East Asia. This study then aimed to characterize PM2.5 and its water-soluble ions collected at Shibuya, central Tokyo, Japan from July 2013 to May 2015, in order to better understand the air pollution mechanism and potential sources of PM2.5 of the city. Analytical results showed the PM2.5 was a mixture of aggregates of formless particles and its concentration ranged from 5.4 to 39μg/m3, with a mean of 14 ± 6.7μg/m3 (n=46). SO42- and NH4+ were abundant in PM2.5 and their presence mostly determined the variation of PM2.5 level. High concentration episodes were found in the season when air masses came from Asian continent, and a long-range transport of urban aerosols and soil-derived particles was suggested by changes in the chemical compositions.