bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A gene browser of colorectal cancer with literature evidence and pre-computed regulatory information to identify key tumor suppressors and oncogenes
Authors: Zhao Min , Liu Yining , Huang Fuda , Qu Hong
Published: August 2016

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a cancer of growing incidence that associates with a high mortality rate worldwide. There is a poor understanding of the heterogeneity of CRC with regard to causative genetic mutations and gene regulatory mechanisms. Previous studies have identified several susceptibility genes in small-scale experiments. However, the information has not been comprehensively and systematically compiled and interpreted. In this study, we constructed the gbCRC, the first literature-based gene resource for investigating CRC-related human genes. The features of our database include: (i) manual curation of experimentally-verified genes reported in the literature; (ii) comprehensive integration of five reliable data sources; and (iii) pre-computed regulatory patterns involving transcription factors, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. In total, 2067 genes associating with 2819 PubMed abstracts were compiled. Comprehensive functional annotations associated with all the genes, including gene expression profiles, homologous genes in other model species, protein-protein interactions, somatic mutations, and potential methylation sites. These comprehensive annotations and this pre-computed regulatory information highlighted the importance of the gbCRC with regard to the unexplored regulatory network of CRC. This information is available in a plain text format that is free to download.
Giant Electroresistance in Edge Metal-Insulator-Metal Tunnel Junctions Induced by Ferroelectric Fringe Fields
Authors: Jung Sungchul , Jeon Youngeun , Jin Hanbyul , Lee Jung-Yong , Ko Jae-Hyeon , Kim Nam , Eom Daejin , Park Kibog
Published: August 2016

An enormous amount of research activities has been devoted to developing new types of non-volatile memory devices as the potential replacements of current flash memory devices. Theoretical device modeling was performed to demonstrate that a huge change of tunnel resistance in an Edge Metal-Insulator-Metal (EMIM) junction of metal crossbar structure can be induced by the modulation of electric fringe field, associated with the polarization reversal of an underlying ferroelectric layer. It is demonstrated that single three-terminal EMIM/Ferroelectric structure could form an active memory cell without any additional selection devices. This new structure can open up a way of fabricating all-thin-film-based, high-density, high-speed, and low-power non-volatile memory devices that are stackable to realize 3D memory architecture.
Alterations in the Fecal Microbiota of Patients with HIV-1 Infection: An Observational Study in A Chinese Population
Authors: Ling Zongxin , Jin Changzhong , Xie Tiansheng , Cheng Yiwen , Li Lanjuan , Wu Nanping
Published: August 2016

The available evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbiota may be tightly linked to the increase in microbial translocation and systemic inflammation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. We profiled the fecal microbiota as a proxy of gut microbiota by parallel barcoded 454-pyrosequencing in 67 HIV-1-infected patients (32 receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART] and 35 HAART naïve) and 16 healthy controls from a Chinese population. We showed that α-diversity indices did not differ significantly between the healthy control and HIV-1-infected patients. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes increased significantly in HIV-1-infected patients. Several key bacterial phylotypes, including Prevotella, were prevalent in HIV-1-infected patients; whereas Phascolarctobacterium, Clostridium XIVb, Dialister and Megamonas were significantly correlated with systemic inflammatory cytokines. After short-term, effective HAART, the viral loads of HIV-1 were reduced; however, the diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota were not completely restored. and the dysbiosis remained among HIV-1-infected subjects undergoing HAART. Our detailed analysis demonstrated that dysbiosis of fecal microbiota might play an active role in HIV-1 infection. Thus, new insights may be provided into therapeutics that target the microbiota to attenuate the progression of HIV disease and to reduce the risk of gut-linked disease in HIV-1-infected patients.
The endoderm indirectly influences morphogenetic movements of the zebrafish head kidney through the posterior cardinal vein and VegfC
Authors: Chou Chih-Wei , Hsu Hsiao-Chu , You May-su , Lin Jamie , Liu Yi-Wen
Published: August 2016

Integration of blood vessels and organ primordia determines organ shape and function. The head kidney in the zebrafish interacts with the dorsal aorta (DA) and the posterior cardinal vein (PCV) to achieve glomerular filtration and definitive hematopoiesis, respectively. How the head kidney co-develops with both the axial artery and vein remains unclear. We found that in endodermless sox32-deficient embryos, the head kidney associated with the PCV but not the DA. Disrupted convergent migration of the PCV and the head kidney in sox32-deficient embryos was rescued in a highly coordinated fashion through the restoration of endodermal cells. Moreover, grafted endodermal cells abutted the host PCV endothelium in the transplantation assay. Interestingly, the severely-disrupted head kidney convergence in the sox32-deficient embryo was suppressed by both the cloche mutation and the knockdown of endothelial genes, indicating that an interaction between the endoderm and the PCV restricts the migration of the head kidney. Furthermore, knockdown of either vegfC or its receptor vegfr3 suppressed the head kidney convergence defect in endodermless embryos and perturbed the head kidney-PCV association in wild-type embryos. Our findings thus underscore a role for PCV and VegfC in patterning the head kidney prior to organ assembly and function.
Ultrafast Airy beam optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Apurv Chaitanya N. , Kumar S. Chaitanya , Aadhi A. , Samanta G. K. , Ebrahim-Zadeh M.
Published: August 2016

We report on the first realization of an ultrafast Airy beam optical parametric oscillator (OPO). By introducing intracavity cubic phase modulation to the resonant Gaussian signal in a synchronously-pumped singly-resonant OPO cavity and its subsequent Fourier transformation, we have generated 2-dimensional Airy beam in the output signal across a 250 nm tuning range in the near-infrared. The generated Airy beam can be tuned continuously from 1477 to 1727 nm, providing an average power of as much as 306 mW at 1632 nm in pulses of ~23 ps duration with a spectral bandwidth of 1.7 nm.
Role of particle shape anisotropy on crack formation in drying of colloidal suspension
Authors: Dugyala Venkateshwar Rao , Lama Hisay , Satapathy Dillip K. , Basavaraj Madivala G.
Published: August 2016

Cracks in a colloidal film formed by evaporation induced drying can be controlled by changing drying conditions. We show, for the first time that the crack morphologies in colloidal films are dependent on shape of constituting particles apart from the microstructure and particle assembly. In order to investigate the particle shape effect on crack patterns, monodispered spherical and ellipsoidal particles are used in sessile drop experiments. On observing the dried sessile drop we found cracks along the radial direction for spherical particle dispersions and circular crack patterns for ellipsoidal particle dispersions. The change in crack pattern is a result of self assembly of shape anisotropic particles and their ordering. The ordering of particles dictate the crack direction and the cracks follow the path of least resistance to release the excess stress stored in the particle film. Ellipsoids having different aspect ratio (~3 to 7) are used and circular crack patterns are repeatedly observed in all experiments.
Coherent microwave generation by spintronic feedback oscillator
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Konishi K. , Kumar Nikhil , Miwa S. , Fukushima A. , Yakushiji K. , Yuasa S. , Kubota H. , Tomy C. V. , Prabhakar A. , Suzuki Y. , Tulapurkar A.
Published: August 2016

The transfer of spin angular momentum to a nanomagnet from a spin polarized current provides an efficient means of controlling the magnetization direction in nanomagnets. A unique consequence of this spin torque is that the spontaneous oscillations of the magnetization can be induced by applying a combination of a dc bias current and a magnetic field. Here we experimentally demonstrate a different effect, which can drive a nanomagnet into spontaneous oscillations without any need of spin torque. For the demonstration of this effect, we use a nano-pillar of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) powered by a dc current and connected to a coplanar waveguide (CPW) lying above the free layer of the MTJ. Any fluctuation of the free layer magnetization is converted into oscillating voltage via the tunneling magneto-resistance effect and is fed back into the MTJ by the CPW through inductive coupling. As a result of this feedback, the magnetization of the free layer can be driven into a continual precession. The combination of MTJ and CPW behaves similar to a laser system and outputs a stable rf power with quality factor exceeding 10,000.
Facile fabrication of high-quality Ag/PS coaxial nanocables based on the mixed mode of soft/hard templates
Authors: Wan Mimi , Zhao Wenbo , Peng Fang , Wang Qi , Xu Ping , Mao Chun , Shen Jian
Published: August 2016

A new kind of high-quality Ag/PS coaxial nanocables can be facilely synthesized by using soft/hard templates method. In order to effectively introduce Ag sources into porous polystyrene (PS) nanotubes which were trapped in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) hard template, Pluronic F127 (F127) was used as guiding agent, soft template and reductant. Meanwhile, ethylene glycol solution was also used as solvent and co-reducing agent to assist in the formation of silver nanowires. The influences of concentration of F127 and reducing reaction time on the formation of Ag/PS coaxial nanocables were discussed. Results indicated that the high-quality Ag/PS coaxial nanocables can be obtained by the mixed mode of soft/hard templates under optimized conditions. This strategy is expected to be extended to design more metal/polymer coaxial nanocables for the benefit of creation of complex and functional nanoarchitectures and components.
A smart multi-pipette for hand-held operation of microfluidic devices
Authors: Kim Byeongyeon , Hahn Young Ki , You Dongwon , Oh Sein , Choi Sungyoung
Published: August 2016

A smart multi-pipette for hand-held operation of microfluidic devices is presented and applied to cytotoxicity assays and micro-droplet generation.
Diaza [1,4] Wittig-type rearrangement of N-allylic-N-Boc-hydrazines into γ-amino-N-Boc-enamines
Authors: Tayama Eiji , Kobayashi Yoshiaki , Toma Yuka
Published: August 2016

Diaza [1,4] Wittig-type rearrangement of N-allylic-N-Boc-hydrazines into γ-amino-N-Boc-enamines was demonstrated.
Sensitivity enhanced 14N/14N correlations to probe inter-beta-sheet interactions using fast magic angle spinning solid-state NMR in biological solids
Authors: Pandey Manoj Kumar , Amoureux Jean-Paul , Asakura Tetsuo , Nishiyama Yusuke
Published: August 2016

Sensitivity enhanced proton-detected 14N/14N correlation method mediated through accelerated 1H–1H spin diffusion at fast magic angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR is demonstrated to distinguish inter-beta-sheet interactions in naturally abundant parallel and anti-parallel alanine tripeptides.
Driving electrocatalytic activity by interface electronic structure control in a metalloprotein hybrid catalyst for efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Behera Sushant Kumar , Deb Pritam , Ghosh Arghya
Published: August 2016

Schematic presentation of a silver incorporated lysine-216 (LYS-216) active site bonded with the retinal chromophore (RC) of bacteriorhodopsin (bR) bacteria for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Concentric dual π aromaticity in bowl-like B30cluster: an all-boron analogue of corannulene
Authors: Wang Kang , Li Da-Zhi , Li Rui , Feng Lin-Yan , Wang Ying-Jin , Zhai Hua-Jin
Published: August 2016

The bowl-like B30cluster is an all-boron analogue of corannulene, featuring concentric dual π aromaticity with 6π and 14π electrons for the inner and the outer boron ribbons, respectively.
Investigation of Co-incorporated pristine and Fe-doped Li3V2(PO4)3 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Hua-Bin , Zhang Lu-Lu , Yang Xue-Lin , Liang Gan , Li Zhen
Published: August 2016

Co was first employed to modify Fe-doped Li3V2(PO4)3/C. Under the common effect of doping and a hybrid layer (C + CoO + FeO) coating, the as-obtained composite showed a remarkable rate capability and low capacity fading.
The influence of structural isomerism on fluorescence and organic dye selective adsorption in two complexes based on flexible ligands
Authors: Huang Wen-Huan , Li Jia-Zhi , Gao Lu-Sha , Wang Yan-Xin , Liu Shu-Ya , Jiang Min , Liu Tong , Wang Yao-Yu
Published: August 2016

Two isomeric coordination polymers were synthesized by different solvent-systems. The complexes exhibited different fluorescence and dye adsorption properties.
Synthesis of “neoprofen”, a rigidified analogue of ibuprofen, exemplifying synthetic methodology for altering the 3-D topology of pharmaceutical substances
Authors: Ramsubhag Ron R. , Massaro Chelsea L. , Dadich Christina M. , Janeczek Andrew J. , Hoang Tung T. , Mazzio Elizabeth A. , Eyunni Suresh , Soliman Karam F. A. , Dudley Gregory B.
Published: August 2016

The unique hydrophobic 3-D topology of the neopentylene ring fusion is explored in the context of an analogue of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ibuprofen.
Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed addition of isocyanides to 2H-chromene acetals: an efficient pathway for accessing 2-carboxamide-2H-chromenes
Authors: Lyu Longyun , Jin Ming Yu , He Qijie , Xie Han , Bian Zhaoxiang , Wang Jun
Published: August 2016

Bismuth triflate (Bi(OTf)3) is identified as an efficient catalyst for the direct addition of isocyanides to 2H-chromene acetals. By this synthetic strategy, a polyfunctional molecular scaffold, 2-carboxamide-2H-chromenes could be prepared efficiently in one step with up to 95% yields.
Versatile and highly efficient oxidative C(sp3)–H bond functionalization of tetrahydroisoquinoline promoted by bifunctional diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD): scope and mechanistic insights
Authors: Suga Takuya , Iizuka Sunao , Akiyama Takahiko
Published: August 2016

The oxidant–base bifunctionality of DEAD realized highly reliable cross dehydrogenative coupling of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivativesviaaminal intermediates.
Enhanced upconversion luminescence and modulated paramagnetic performance in NaGdF4:Yb, Er by Mg2+ tridoping
Authors: Zhao Shuwen , Liu Wei , Xue Xianya , Yang Yushi , Zhao Zhiyong , Wang Youfa , Zhou Bin
Published: August 2016

In this work, a new strategy to enhance upconversion emission has been realized for the first time, based on β-NaGdF4:Yb3+, Er3+ nanocrystals (UCNC) using tridoping with magnesium (Mg2+) ions.
Self-organized helical superstructure of photonic cellulose loaded with upconversion nanoparticles showing modulated luminescence
Authors: Jiang Haijing , Zhou Donglei , Qu Dan , Chu Guang , Xu Wen , Song Hongwei , Xu Yan
Published: August 2016

Self-organized composite film of chiral nematic cellulose loaded with upconversion nanoparticles whose luminescence can be modulated has been developed.
One pot synthesis of a highly efficient mesoporous ceria–titanium catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Han Weiliang , Dong Fang , Zong Luyao , Lu Gongxuan , Tang Zhicheng
Published: August 2016

Highly dispersed mesoporous ceria–titanium oxide catalysts were prepared by a one pot hydrothermal. The effect of Ce and P123 content, preparation method, stability, resisting H2O, SCR reaction and deactivation mechanism were investigated in detail.
Modeling size controlled nanoparticle precipitation with the co-solvency method by spinodal decomposition
Authors: Keßler Simon , Schmid Friederike , Drese Klaus
Published: August 2016

Experimentally observed scaling relations between nanoparticle sizes and solvent exchange rates can be explained by spinodal decomposition.
Framework of sensor‐based monitoring for pervasive patient care
Authors: Triantafyllidis Andreas K. , Koutkias Vassilis G. , Chouvarda Ioanna , Adami Ilia , Kouroubali Angelina , Maglaveras Nicos
Published: August 2016

Sensor‐based health systems can often become difficult to use, extend and sustain. The authors propose a framework for designing sensor‐based health monitoring systems aiming to provide extensible and usable monitoring services in the scope of pervasive patient care. The authors’ approach relies on a distributed system for monitoring the patient health status anytime‐anywhere and detecting potential health complications, for which healthcare professionals and patients are notified accordingly. Portable or wearable sensing devices measure the patient's physiological parameters, a smart mobile device collects and analyses the sensor data, a Medical Center system receives notifications on the detected health condition, and a Health Professional Platform is used by formal caregivers in order to review the patient condition and configure monitoring schemas. A Service‐oriented architecture is utilised to provide extensible functional components and interoperable interactions among the diversified system components. The framework was applied within the REMOTE ambient‐assisted living project in which a prototype system was developed, utilising Bluetooth to communicate with the sensors and Web services for data exchange. A scenario of using the REMOTE system and preliminary usability results show the applicability, usefulness and virtue of our approach.
Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative-stress, apoptosis, and embryopathy
Authors: Miller Robert
Published: August 2016

As the incidence of both type-1 and type-2 diabetes increases, more diabetes-related complications are being observed in pediatric patients. However, some diabetes-related issues in pediatric patients may be a carry-over or consequence of gestational or fetal diabetes. Elevated maternal glucose levels have been associated with increased incidence of spontaneous abortions, perinatal mortality, stillbirths, and congenital malformations. A few of these congenital malformations (embryopathy) in both humans and animals include skin discoloration; webbed toes; cleft lips and palates; congenital heart defects; and neural tube defects. While neural tube defects and congenital heart defects are the most frequent consequence of embryonic / fetal hyperglycemia, hyperglycemia-induced hepatic and renal developmental problems are also known. Hyperglycemia-induced embryopathy has been associated with reduced cell proliferation, oxidative-stress, increased rates of lipid peroxidation coupled with increased homocysteine levels, and apoptosis. Consequently, this review discusses embryonic hyperglycemia-induced reduced embryo viability, increased rates of oxidative-stress, increased lipid peroxidation rates coupled with elevated homocysteine levels, and increased apoptosis rates.
Management of sodium metabolism derangements in children treated for hypothalamic-hypophyseal tumors
Authors: Tuli Gerdi , Verna Francesca , Tessaris Daniele , Fiore Ludovica , Mussa Alessandro , Repici Marialia , Lala Roberto , Matarazzo Patrizia
Published: August 2016

Hyponatremia and hypernatremia, common electrolyte abnormalities in children hospitalized for intracranial diseases, are life-threatening events. Diagnosis and adequate treatment of hypo- and hypernatremia are mandatory to prevent neurological sequelae. We report ante-and post-hypophyseal dysfunctions, disabilities and acute sodium metabolism derangements in 16 children affected by hypothalamic-hypophyseal tumors treated by neurosurgery and/or chemotherapy during a long-lasting follow-up. We compare acute hypo- and hypernatremic episodes during surgery between these patients, treated with a specific hormonal and infusive protocol (protocol A), and a previous cohort of patients, affected by similar tumors, treated with a previously published protocol (protocol B). All patients showed multiple or isolated pituitary dysfunctions and disabilities before chemotherapy and/or surgical treatment that worsened during the follow-up period. We found a statistical significant decrease of hyponatremic intra-operative acute events in children treated with protocol A. Sodium metabolism derangements complicating the course of hypothalamic-hypophyseal tumors can be partially prevented with specific per-operative protocols. Aim of this study is to present a new sodium metabolism derangements management in children treated for hypothalamic-hypophyseal tumors and to compare this with a previous one.
Characteristics of metabolic acidosis and management of rotavirus gastro-enteritis
Authors: Dhelaria Anshoo , Commondoor Raghuram , Kar Ananya , Eisenhut Michael
Published: August 2016

Objectives of this study were to investigate the characteristics of metabolic acidosis associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis and to explore them as a tool in the management of dehydration. The study was retrospective, case record based and conducted in a secondary level District General Hospital. Included study population were 133 children who were admitted to the Paediatric Unit with rotavirus gastroenteritis. Degree of dehydration, result of blood gas analysis, C-reactive protein level, urinary ketones, renal function tests, fluid management and duration of hospitalization were recorded and results compared between patients with and without severe metabolic acidosis (serum bicarbonate < 17 mmol/L). Out of 133 patients, blood gas analysis was obtained in 78 (59%) and 73 (94%) of those showed metabolic acidosis (bicarbonate < 22 mmol/L). Thirty five patients developed severe metabolic acidosis. Patients with severe metabolic acidosis showed signs of dehydration more commonly (97% vs. 74%, p < 0.05) and required intravenous rehydration more frequently (94% vs. 63%, p < 0.05) than those who were not severely acidotic. With respect to gender ratio, initial temperature, serum levels of C-reactive protein, chloride, anion-gap, lactate and ketonuria, there were no significant differences between the severely acidotic patients and those who were not. Urea and creatinine levels were higher (46.6 (11.7) versus 37.8 (11.9) micromole/L for creatinine and 5.5 (1.9) versus 4.2 (2.1) mmol/L for urea, p < 0.05) in patients with severe metabolic acidosis and correlated significantly negatively (for both: r = − 0.29, p = 0.02) with serum bicarbonate levels. We concluded that the majority of children attending hospital with rotavirus gastroenteritis had a metabolic acidosis. Severe metabolic acidosis was associated with more severe dehydration and higher urea and creatinine levels and increased requirement for intravenous fluid boluses and intravenous rehydration. A bicarbonate level of > 17 mmol/L excluded severe clinical dehydration and below this level a degree of dehydration was very likely.
Xenon chemistry under pressure
Authors: Wilson R. Mark
Published: August 2016

At geological pressures and temperatures, xenon can form a host of stable oxides.
Social media opens telescope operations to the world
Authors: Feder Toni
Published: August 2016

A telescope’s renovation leads to an outreach reinvention.
Discourage or subsidize gamma irradiators? NNSA does both
Authors: Kramer David
Published: August 2016

Accelerators could replace dangerous cobalt-60 as a sterilization option, but cost may be prohibitive.
Assembly and activation of dynein–dynactin by the cargo adaptor protein Hook3
Authors: Schroeder Courtney M. , Vale Ronald D.
Published: August 2016

Metazoan cytoplasmic dynein moves processively along microtubules with the aid of dynactin and an adaptor protein that joins dynein and dynactin into a stable ternary complex. Here, we examined how Hook3, a cargo adaptor involved in Golgi and endosome transport, forms a motile dynein–dynactin complex. We show that the conserved Hook domain interacts directly with the dynein light intermediate chain 1 (LIC1). By solving the crystal structure of the Hook domain and using structure-based mutagenesis, we identify two conserved surface residues that are each critical for LIC1 binding. Hook proteins with mutations in these residues fail to form a stable dynein–dynactin complex, revealing a crucial role for LIC1 in this interaction. We also identify a region of Hook3 specifically required for an allosteric activation of processive motility. Our work reveals the structural details of Hook3’s interaction with dynein and offers insight into how cargo adaptors form processive dynein–dynactin motor complexes.
Coming or going? Un-BLOC-ing delivery and recycling pathways during melanosome maturation
Authors: Futter Clare E. , Cutler Daniel F.
Published: August 2016

Melanosome biogenesis requires successive waves of cargo delivery from endosomes to immature melanosomes, coupled with recycling of the trafficking machinery. Dennis et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201605090) report differential roles for BLOC-1 and BLOC-3 complexes in delivery and recycling of melanosomal biogenetic components, supplying directionality to melanosome maturation.
Frederic Bard: The sweet side of traffic
Authors: Jordan Shawn
Published: August 2016

Bard’s work focuses on how membrane trafficking regulates protein glycosylation and other cellular functions.
Synchronizing Progression of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cells from G2 through Repeated Rounds of Mitosis and S Phase with cdc25-22 Arrest Release
Authors: Hagan Iain M. , Grallert Agnes , Simanis Viesturs
Published: August 2016

Transient inactivation of the cdc25+ gene product by manipulation of the culture temperature for cdc25-22 cells is the most commonly exploited approach to mitotic synchronization in fission yeast. Because Cdc25 removes the inhibitory phosphate placed on Cdk1 by Wee1, inactivation of Cdc25 arrests cells at the G2/M boundary. Incubation at the restrictive temperature of 36°C for just over one generation time forces all cells in the culture to accumulate at the G2/M boundary. Restoration of Cdc25 function via a return to the permissive temperature or chemical inhibition of Wee1 activity at 36°C can then promote a highly synchronous wave of cell division throughout the culture. These approaches can be performed on any scale and thus support simultaneous assessment of numerous events within a single culture. After describing this simple and widely applicable procedure, we discuss frequently overlooked issues that can have a considerable impact on the interpretation of data from cdc25-22 induction-synchronized cultures.
Negotiating “meaningful participation” for Indigenous peoples in the context of mining
Authors: Ruwhiu Diane , Carter Lynette
Published: August 2016

Purpose

This paper aims to explore the importance of meaningful participation for Indigenous peoples within the complex and highly political context of mining and mineral extraction. The aim is to consider the multi-dimensional nature of the mining context that takes into account the discursive landscape that frames the often disparate perspectives of corporate, state and Indigenous communities.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is a conceptual offering that examines the complex environment within which “meaningful participation” between mining corporates and Indigenous communities operate.

Findings

This paper highlights the multi-dimensional nature of a proposed relationship between the mining corporates, the state and the Indigenous Māori community within New Zealand. The facilitation of “meaningful participation” requires that any negotiated agreement is undertaken within a framework of meaning that makes sense to the Indigenous community, in addition to the appropriate legislative and corporate initiatives to be in place.

Originality/value

The paper highlights the complex considerations that must be included in any form of negotiation between mining corporates and Indigenous peoples to achieve meaningful participation in the form that it was intended under international accords. While recognising the different contextual circumstance of Indigenous peoples around the world, this paper illustrates a pathway towards meaningful participation that takes into account economic, socio-cultural and environmental variables.
A new formulation and analysis of a collapsing bubble with different content in a liquid induced during acoustic cavitation
Authors: Alhelfi Ali , Sunden Bengt Ake
Published: August 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to present numerical investigation of the gas/vapor bubble dynamics under the influence of an ultrasonic field to give a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon and present new results

Design/methodology/approach

– In order to formulate the mathematical model, a set of governing equations for the gas inside the bubble and the liquid surrounding it are used. All hydrodynamics forces acting on the bubble are considered in the typical solution. The systems of equations required to be solved consist of ordinary and partial differential equations, which are both nonlinear and time dependent equations. A fourth order Runge-Kutta method is applied to solve the ordinary differential equations. On the other hand, the finite difference method is employed to solve the partial differential equations and a time-marching technique is applied.

Findings

– The numerical model which is developed in the current study permits a correct prediction of the bubble behavior and its characteristics in an acoustic field generated at this occasion.

Originality/value

– Previous studies considering numerical simulations of an acoustic bubble were performed based on the polytropic approximation or pressure uniformity models of the contents inside the bubble. In this study, an enhanced numerical model is developed to study the acoustic cavitation phenomenon and the enhancement concerns taking into account both the pressure and temperature gradients inside the bubble as well as heat transfer through the bubble surface into account which is very important to obtain the temperature of the liquid surrounding the bubble surface.
Double MRT thermal lattice Boltzmann method for simulating natural convection of low Prandtl number fluids
Authors: Li Zheng , Yang Mo , Zhang Yuwen
Published: August 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to test an efficiency algorithm based on lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) and using it to analyze two-dimensional natural convection with low Prandtl number.

Design/methodology/approach

– Steady state or oscillatory results are obtained using double multiple-relaxation-time thermal LBM. The velocity and temperature fields are solved using D2Q9 and D2Q5 models, respectively.

Findings

– With different Rayleigh number, the tested natural convection can either achieve to steady state or oscillatory. With fixed Rayleigh number, lower Prandtl number leads to a weaker convection effect, longer oscillation period and higher oscillation amplitude for the cases reaching oscillatory solutions. At fixed Prandtl number, higher Rayleigh number leads to a more notable convection effect and longer oscillation period.

Originality/value

– Double multiple-relaxation-time thermal LBM is applied to simulate the low Prandtl number (0.001-0.01) fluid natural convection. Rayleigh number and Prandtl number effects are also investigated when the natural convection results oscillate.
Influences of fuel concentration, fuel volume, initial temperature, and initial pressure on flame propagation and flameproof distance of methane-air deflagrations
Authors: Jiang Bingyou , Liu Zegong , Shi Shulei , Cai Feng , Liu Jian , Tang Mingyun , Lin Baiquan
Published: August 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to understand a flameproof distance necessary to avoid the flame harms to underground personnel which may have great significance to the safety of underground personnel and the disaster relief of gas explosions in coal mines.

Design/methodology/approach

– Through a roadway with a length of 100 m and a cross-section area of 80 mm×80 mm, the flame propagation of premixed methane-air deflagrations were simulated by using AutoReaGas software for various fuel concentrations (7, 8, 9.5, 11, and 14 percent), fuel volumes (0.0128, 0.0384, 0.064, and 0.0896 m3), initial temperatures (248, 268, 288, 308, and 328 K), and initial pressures (20, 60, 101.3, 150, and 200 kPa).

Findings

– The maximum combustion rate for each point follows a changing trend of increasing and decreasing with the distance increasing from the ignition source, and it increases with the fuel volume increasing or the initial pressure increasing, and decreases with the initial temperature increasing. However, increasing the initial temperature increases the flame arrival time for each point. The flameproof distance follows a changing trend of increasing and decreasing with the fuel concentration increasing, and it linearly increases with the fuel volume increasing or the initial temperature increasing. However, the flameproof distances are all 17 m for various initial pressures.

Originality/value

– Increasing initial temperature increases flame arrival time for each test point. Flameproof distance increases and then decreases with fuel concentration increasing. Increasing fuel volume or initial temperature linearly increases flameproof distance. Initial pressure has little impact on the flameproof distance.
Study on reconstruction and prediction methods of pressure field on blade surfaces for oil-filling process in a hydrodynamic retarder
Authors: Mu Hongbin , Wei Wei , Untaroiu Alexandrina , Yan Qingdong
Published: August 2016

Purpose

– Traditional three-dimensional numerical methods require a long time for transient computational fluid dynamics simulation on oil-filling process of hydrodynamic braking. The purpose of this paper is to investigate reconstruction and prediction methods for the pressure field on blade surfaces to explore an accurate and rapid numerical method to solve transient internal flow in a hydrodynamic retarder.

Design/methodology/approach

– Dynamic braking performance for the oil-filling process was simulated and validated using experimental results. With the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method, the dominant modes of transient pressure distribution on blades were extracted using their spatio-temporal structural features from the knowledge of computed flow data. Pressure field on blades was reconstructed. Based on the approximate model (AM), transient pressure field on blades was predicted in combination with POD. The causes of reconstruction and prediction error were, respectively, analyzed.

Findings

– Results show that reconstruction with only a few dominant POD modes could represent all flow samples with high accuracy. POD method demonstrates an efficient simplification for accurate prediction of the instantaneous variation of pressure field in a hydrodynamic retarder, especially at the stage of high oil-filling rate.

Originality/value

– The paper presents a novel numerical method, which combines POD and AM approaches for rapid and accurate prediction of braking characteristics during the oil-filling period, based on the knowledge of computed flow data.
Managing healthcare information: analyzing trust
Authors: Söderström Eva , Eriksson Nomie , Åhlfeldt Rose-Mharie
Published: August 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyze two case studies with a trust matrix tool, to identify trust issues related to electronic health records.

Design/methodology/approach

– A qualitative research approach is applied using two case studies. The data analysis of these studies generated a problem list, which was mapped to a trust matrix.

Findings

– Results demonstrate flaws in current practices and point to achieving balance between organizational, person and technology trust perspectives. The analysis revealed three challenge areas, to: achieve higher trust in patient-focussed healthcare; improve communication between patients and healthcare professionals; and establish clear terminology. By taking trust into account, a more holistic perspective on healthcare can be achieved, where trust can be obtained and optimized.

Research limitations/implications

– A trust matrix is tested and shown to identify trust problems on different levels and relating to trusting beliefs. Future research should elaborate and more fully address issues within three identified challenge areas.

Practical implications

– The trust matrix’s usefulness as a tool for organizations to analyze trust problems and issues is demonstrated.

Originality/value

– Healthcare trust issues are captured to a greater extent and from previously unchartered perspectives.
Improved bat algorithm for structural reliability assessment: application and challenges
Authors: Chakri Asma , Khelif Rabia , Benouaret Mohamed
Published: August 2016

Purpose

– The first order reliability method requires optimization algorithms to find the minimum distance from the origin to the limit state surface in the normal space. The purpose of this paper is to develop an improved version of the new metaheuristic algorithm inspired from echolocation behaviour of bats, namely, the bat algorithm (BA) dedicated to perform structural reliability analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

– Modifications have been embedded to the standard BA to enhance its efficiency, robustness and reliability. In addition, a new adaptive penalty equation dedicated to solve the problem of the determination of the reliability index and a proposition on the limit state formulation are presented.

Findings

– The comparisons between the improved bat algorithm (iBA) presented in this paper and other standard algorithms on benchmark functions show that the iBA is highly efficient, and the application to structural reliability problems such as the reliability analysis of overhead crane girder proves that results obtained with iBA are highly reliable.

Originality/value

– A new iBA and an adaptive penalty equation for handling equality constraint are developed to determine the reliability index. In addition, the low computing time and the ease implementation of this method present great advantages from the engineering viewpoint.
Real‐time PCR detection of Didemnum perlucidum (Monniot, 1983) and Didemnum vexillum (Kott, 2002) in an applied routine marine biosecurity context
Authors: Simpson Tiffany J. S. , Dias P. Joana , Snow Michael , Muñoz Julieta , Berry Tina
Published: August 2016

Prevention and early detection are well recognized as the best strategies for minimizing the risks posed by nonindigenous species (NIS) that have the potential to become marine pests. Central to this is the ability to rapidly and accurately identify the presence of NIS, often from complex environmental samples like biofouling and ballast water. Molecular tools have been increasingly applied to assist with the identification of NIS and can prove particularly useful for taxonomically difficult groups like ascidians. In this study, we have developed real‐time PCR assays suited to the specific identification of the ascidians Didemnum perlucidum and Didemnum vexillum. Despite being recognized as important global pests, this is the first time specific molecular detection methods have been developed that can support the early identification and detection of these species from a broad range of environmental sample types. These fast, robust and high‐throughput assays represent powerful tools for routine marine biosecurity surveillance, as detection and confirmation of the early presence of species could assist in the timely establishment of emergency responses and control strategies. This study applied the developed assays to confirm the ability to detect Didemnid eDNA in water samples. While previous work has focused on detection of marine larvae from water samples, the development of real‐time PCR assays specifically aimed at detecting eDNA of sessile invertebrate species in the marine environment represents a world first and a significant step forwards in applied marine biosecurity surveillance. Demonstrated success in the detection of D. perlucidum eDNA from water samples at sites where it could not be visually identified suggests value in incorporating such assays into biosecurity survey designs targeting Didemnid species.
Whether heart blocks post perimembranous ventricular septal defect device closure remain threatening: how could Chinese experiences impact the world?
Authors: Li Yifei , Zhou Kaiyu , Hua Yimin
Published: August 2016

Transcatheter closure has become one of the alternations of surgical treatment since 1988. However, cAVB occurred as a threatening incidence of 6.8% after Amplatzer VSD Occluder closure, which was quite higher than the incidence of 1% to 2% post‐surgical closure, which leaded this kind of technique, was not approved by FDA. In this commentary, we reviewed the publications of cAVB following the device closure, and summarized current data of Modified Amplatzer‐type Occluder during long‐term follow‐up, especially introduced the experiences from China, where this kind of treatment became a routine procedure for VSD children. Moreover, we carried our visualized analysis based on scientific literatures using CiteSpace to draw knowledge burst mapping, which revealed the development procedure on this interested topics, and demonstrated the role of China's works to make contributions in the field, and figured out the limitation of our researches, which supplied a basic understanding on why we could not impact the world. Finally, it concluded that transcatheter closure of pmVSD with Modified Amplatzer‐type Occluder would be safe and efficient with low incidence of well controlled complications, but it failed to spread our experiences in a more scientific way. And, we hope this kind of therapy could be accepted in a wider region of the world with the increasing evidence from China.
Lower and reduced expression of EphA4 is associated with advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor survival in breast carcinoma
Authors: Sun Yuejun , Qian Jianzhong , Lu Min , Xu Hongming
Published: August 2016

The expression of EphA4 has been well documented in the development of nerve and in certain types of human cancer. Few studies of EphA4, however, have focused on breast carcinoma. In this study, a set of breast carcinomas was subjected to immunohistochemical staining. In normal luminal cells, EphA4 was weakly detected in 11 (14.3 %), moderately detected in 15 (19.5 %) and highly detected in 51 out of 77 (66.2 %) samples, while in breast carcinoma cells, EphA4 was weakly detected in 42 (54.5 %), moderately detected in 19 (24.7 %) and highly detected in 16 out of 77 (20.8 %) samples (P < 0.001). The expression of EphA4 protein was significantly reduced in 68.8 % of breast carcinoma samples comparing with normal cells. The expression of EphA4 was significantly associated with tumor grade (P = 0.003), TNM stage (P = 0.034), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.034) and Ki‐67 (P < 0.001). No significant relationship was found between the expression of EphA4 and age, molecular subtypes, and HER2 status. Survival analysis showed that significant association of low expression of EphA4 in tumor cells with short overall survival (P = 0.048) and disease‐free survival (P = 0.051). Our data show that EphA4 was reduced in breast carcinoma, which is associated with high grade, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor outcome of patients.
Deciding Degree of Conservativeness in Initial Design Considering Risk of Future Redesign
Authors: Price Nathaniel B. , Kim Nam-Ho , Haftka Raphael T. , Balesdent Mathieu , Defoort Sébastien , Le Riche Rodolphe
Published: August 2016

Early in the design process, there is often mixed epistemic model uncertainty and aleatory parameter uncertainty. Later in the design process, the results of high-fidelity simulations or experiments will reduce epistemic model uncertainty and may trigger a redesign process. Redesign is undesirable because it is associated with costs and delays; however, it is also an opportunity to correct a dangerous design or possibly improve design performance. In this study, we propose a margin-based design/redesign method where the design is optimized deterministically, but the margins are selected probabilistically. The final design is an epistemic random variable (i.e., it is unknown at the initial design stage) and the margins are optimized to control the epistemic uncertainty in the final design, design performance, and probability of failure. The method allows for the tradeoff between expected final design performance and probability of redesign while ensuring reliability with respect to mixed uncertainties. The method is demonstrated on a simple bar problem and then on an engine design problem. The examples are used to investigate the dilemma of whether to start with a higher margin and redesign if the test later in the design process reveals the design to be too conservative, or to start with a lower margin and redesign if the test reveals the design to be unsafe. In the examples in this study, it is found that this decision is related to the variance of the uncertainty in the high-fidelity model relative to the variance of the uncertainty in the low-fidelity model.
Novel Mössbauer experiment in a rotating system and the extra-energy shift between emission and absorption lines
Authors: Yarman T. , Kholmetskii A.L. , Arik M. , Akkuş B. , Öktem Y. , Susam L.A. , Missevitch O.V.
Published: August 2016

We present the results of a novel Mössbauer experiment in a rotating system, implemented recently at Istanbul University, which yields the coefficient k = 0.69 ± 0.02 within the frame of the expression for the relative energy shift between emission and absorption lines ΔE/E = ku2/c2. This result turned out to be in quantitative agreement with an experiment achieved earlier on the subject matter (Kholmetskii et al. Phys. Scr. 79, 065007 (2009)), and once again strongly pointed to the inequality k > 0.5, revealed originally in (Kholmetskii et al. Phys. Scr. 77, 035302 (2008)) via the re-analysis of Kündig’s experiment (Kündig, Phys. Rev. 129, 2371 (1963)). A possible explanation of the deviation of the coefficient k from the relativistic prediction k = 0.5 is discussed.
INVESTOR'S SENTIMENT IN MULTI-AGENT MODEL OF THE CONTINUOUS DOUBLE AUCTION
Authors: LYKOV ALEXANDER , MUZYCHKA STEPAN , VANINSKY KIRILL
Published: August 2016

We introduce and treat rigorously a new multi-agent model of the continuous double auction or in other words the order book (OB). It is designed to explain collective behavior of the market when new information affecting the market arrives. The novel feature of the model is two additional slow changing parameters, the so-called sentiment functions. These sentiment functions measure the conception of the fair price of two groups of investors, namely, bulls and bears.

Our model specifies differential equations for the time evolution of sentiment functions and constitutes a nonlinear Markov process which exhibits long-term correlations. We explain the intuition behind equations for sentiment functions and present numerical simulations which show that the behavior of our model is similar to the behavior of the real market. We also obtain a diffusion limit of the model, the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck type process with variable volatility. The volatility is proportional to the difference of opinions of bulls and bears about the fair price of a security.