bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amikacin or Vancomycin Exposure Alters the Postnatal Serum Creatinine Dynamics in ELBW Neonates
Authors: Donge Tamara van , Smits Anne , Anker John van den , Allegaert Karel
Published: December 2020

Background: Disentangling adverse drug reactions from confounders remains a major challenge to assess causality and severity in neonates. Vancomycin and amikacin are perceived as nephrotoxic and often prescribed in neonates. We selected these compounds to assess their impact on creatinine dynamics as sensitive tool to detect a renal impairment signal. Methods: A recently developed dynamical model that characterized serum creatinine concentrations of 217 ELBW neonates (4036 serum creatinine observations) was enhanced with data on individual administration of vancomycin and/or amikacin to identify a potential effect of antibiotic exposure by nonlinear mixed-effects modelling analysis. Results: Of our ELBW patients, 77% were exposed to either vancomycin or amikacin. Antibiotic exposure resulted in transient lower overall creatinine clearance and a modest increase in serum creatinine. Dependency on gestational age was observed in the difference in serum creatinine when exposed to antibiotics during the third week after birth (difference in creatinine for a neonate at 24 weeks gestation decreased with 56% for a 32-week-old neonate). Conclusions: A previously described model on creatinine dynamics was used to explore and quantify the impact amikacin or vancomycin exposure on creatinine dynamics. Such tools can be used to explore minor changes, or compare minor differences between treatment modalities.
Mathematical modeling of the contact interaction of the fuel element with creep using the mortar-method
Authors: Aronov Pavel Sergeevich , Galanin Mikhail Pavlovich , Rodin Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: December 2020

An algorithm for solving axisymmetric contact problems of the theory of thermoelasticity with creep processes is considered. To take into account the contact interaction of bodies, the mortar method was used, a modified method of over relaxation was used to solve the obtained system of linear equations. For the test task, the resulting numerical solution is compared to the analytical solution. The results of application of the proposed algorithm for the demonstration problem simulating thermomechanical processes in the fuel element section including from 2 to 10 fuel pellets are presented..
PENERAPAN PRINSIP PENGUNGKAPAN LENGKAP AKUN PIUTANG PERPAJAKAN PADA LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH PUSAT TA 2017-2019
Authors: Djunur Imran
Published: December 2020

In order to be widely used by users of financial statements, information related to tax receivable accounts in LKPP must meet the Full Disclosure Principle relate to assets, liabilities and equity either through faces or Notes to Financial Statements. Complete information will prevent users from misleading and improper decision making or opinions on the financial condition and performance of the central government. This study focuses on the disclosure of information on tax accounts receivable at LKPP because the account has significant value and gets the attention of LKPP users. Through this research, the writer will assess whether the information related to tax receivables in LKPP FY 2017 to 2019 meets the Full Disclosure Principle. To fulfill the principle, LKPP must disclose 9 adequate information related to tax receivable. The results of the analysis show that the disclosure of tax receivables in LKPP FY 2017 and LKPP FY 2018 don’t fulfill all the criteria, while LKPP FY 2019 only fulfill 1 criteria. There was no significant increase in the implementation of full disclosure principle of tax receivable within 3 years.
IMPLEMENTASI LIKUIDASI KORPORASI DI INDONESIA: KAJIAN AKUNTANSI DAN YURIDIS
Authors: Nurul Hidayah  , Amrie Firmansyah
Published: December 2020

This study aims to analyze corporate liquidation accounting practices in Indonesia. The method employed is qualitative. The approach used in the study was interviews with two informants, namely accounting practitioners and legal experts. The data obtained from the two informants were analyzed based on suitability with theory, related literature both from the accounting and juridical sides. This study concludes that, in general, Law Number 40 of 2007 has provided guidelines regarding liquidation procedures and liquidator responsibilities, but Indonesia's financial accounting standards do not regulate guidelines for corporate liquidation. Based on this study's results, the Government needs to formulate a more comprehensive regulation on company liquidation. Also, the Indonesian Institute of Accountants needs to set financial accounting standards related to corporate liquidation.
ANALISIS SANKSI PAJAK DAN PELAYANAN FISKUS TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DENGAN MODERASI PREFERENSI RISIKO
Authors: Hasanah Nuramalia , Mochamad Razief Aditya  , Indah Mulyasari
Published: December 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of tax penalties and tax authority services on taxpayer compliance of individual taxpayer by using risk preference as a moderating variable. Taxpayer compliance is measured by tax penalties, tax authority services and risk preference. The simple random sampling method is used in this research to collect the research sample and obtained as many as 100 respondents. The result shows that the tax penalty's effect on taxpayer compliance. Tax authority services effect on taxpayer compliance, and risk preference effect on taxpayer compliance. The risk preference as a moderating variable has no effect and could not moderate the relationship between tax penalties with taxpayer compliance also between tax authority services with taxpayer compliance.
Análise de custo por desfecho das novas terapias de combinação tripla com lenalidomida para o mieloma múltiplo recidivado/refratário no Brasil
Authors:   Amgen, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Tanaka Straus , Maroun Rana ,   Amgen, Zug, Switzerland, Nascimento Danielle ,   Amgen, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Martinez Carolina ,   Amgen, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, Aratangy Guilherme ,   Amgen, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Estimar o custo de tratamento das novas terapias de combinação tripla com lenalidomida no manejo dos pacientes com mieloma múltiplo recidivado/refratário (MMRR) sob a perspectiva do sistema de saúde privado brasileiro. Métodos: Os custos associados da combinação de lenalidomida + dexametasona com carfilzomibe (KRd), daratumumabe (DRd), elotuzumabe (ERd) e ixazomibe (IRd) foram comparados. Para cada terapia, a duração de tratamento foi estimada pela média do tempo de sobrevida livre de progressão (SLP) restrita a três anos a partir de dados de SLP dos estudos pivotais das respectivas terapias. Os custos de tratamento foram estimados para a duração de tratamento, considerando a posologia específica dos regimes terapêuticos. Os preços dos medicamentos foram baseados no preço fábrica de abril de 2020. Não foi considerado o compartilhamento de doses. O custo total do tratamento, o custo médio por ciclo e o custo por taxa de resposta objetiva (TRO) em três anos foram comparados. Resultados: A duração de tratamento no período de três anos foi de 23,3, 27,6, 20,3 e 20,9 meses para KRd, DRd, ERd e IRd, respectivamente. O custo médio total de tratamento foi estimado em 975.557 reais (BRL) para KRd, 1.507.544 BRL para DRd (+55% versus KRd), 1.207.899 BRL para ERd (+24% versus KRd) e 983.917 para IRd (+1% versus KRd). KRd teve o menor custo médio por mês de SLP (horizonte de três anos) entre as terapias, 41.957 BRL versus 54.709 BRL para DRd (+30% versus KRd), 59.635 BRL para ERd (+42% versus KRd) e 47.147 para IRd (+12% versus KRd). Similarmente, o custo por TRO foi 31% menor para KRd (1.119.770 BRL), comparado ao DRd (1.621.015 BRL), 27% menor, comparado ao ERd (1.528.986 BRL), e 11% menor, comparado ao IRd (1.256.064). Conclusões: Resultados da presente análise indicam que KRd está associado a um menor custo médio de tratamento, acompanhado de maior previsibilidade, menor custo por TRO e por mês de SLP, comparado ao DRd, ERd e IRd no horizonte de três anos sob a perspectiva do sistema de saúde privado brasileiro. Os resultados estão associados com alguma incerteza em razão das diferenças nas populações dos estudos, desenho dos estudos (duração fixa de carfilzomibe vs. tratamento até a progressão para daratumumabe, elotuzumabe e ixazomibe) e porque a duração de tratamento é tipicamente menor do que a SLP.
Electricity Consumption of Singaporean Households Reveals Proactive Citizen Response to COVID-19 Progression
Authors: Raman Gururaghav , Peng Jimmy Chih-Hsien
Published: December 2020

Understanding how populations’ daily behaviors change during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to evaluating and adapting public health interventions. Here, we use residential electricity consumption data to unravel behavioral changes within citizens’ homes in this period. Based on smart energy meter data from 10,246 households in Singapore, we find strong correlations between the pandemic progression in the city-state and the residential electricity consumption. In particular, we find that the daily new COVID-19 cases constitute the most dominant influencing factor on the electricity demand in the early stages of the pandemic, before a lockdown. However, this influence wanes once the lockdown is implemented, signifying the arrival of a ‘new normal’ in the residents’ lifestyles. These observations point to a proactive response from Singaporean residents---who increasingly stayed at home during evenings despite not being forced by the government to do so using a lockdown---a finding that surprisingly extends across all demographics. Overall, our study enables policymakers to close the loop by utilizing residential electricity usage as a measure of community response during unprecedented and disruptive events such as a pandemic.
WITHDRAWN: A Novel Long Non-coding RNA, ENSG00000236199, Inhibits Proliferation and Metastasis through NRIP1 by Sponging miR-576-5p in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Cui Yifeng , Lin Han , Zhao Yunzheng , Liu Jiaming , Zhang Chengpeng , Wen Fukai , Wang Xin , Zhang Yu , Li Linqiang , Lu Zhaoyang
Published: December 2020

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy of the digestive system. A novel long non-coding RNA, ENSG00000236199 (lncRNA-199) , whose role in tumors has not been reported, especially in HCC. Methods: The expression of lncRNA-199 and miR-576-5p were detected by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), NRIP1 was measured by Western blotting. HCC cell proliferation and metastasis of HCC were examined using functional tests. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the relationship between lncRNA-199 and miR-576-5p, between miR-576-5p and NRIP1. Results: LncRNA-199 was frequently down-regulated in HCC and this down-regulation was negatively correlated with prognosis. Overexpression of lncRNA-199 could inhibit the growth and metastasis of HCC, while knockdown lncRNA-199 had the opposite effect. Down-regulated lncRNA-199 also could induce epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated lncRNA-199 could modulate NRIP1 by sponge miR-576-5p. Conclusion: LncRNA-199 inhibited growth and metastasis through miR-576-5p/NRIP1 axis in HCC. This study revealed a novel unknown lncRNA function in malignant tumors, especially in HCC. At the same time, the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA-199 in HCC was clarified.
Giant Atypical Lipomatous Tumor of Posterior Mediastinum In Adolescent ：A Case Study and the Literature Review​
Authors: Zhang Yang , Chen Kai , Ma Qing-Rong , Huang Zhuang-Rong , Zhu Shu-Guang
Published: December 2020

Background: It is usually common for liposarcoma as one of the soft tissue sarcomas to be found in adults, and the disease in children is the rare case. Case presentation: This article involves in a 14-year-old boy with a primary posterior mediastinal atypical lipomatous tumor. It also provides a literature review and summary for the disease with the aim of making the disease well learned, because of the absence of the uniform standards for the clinical features, diagnostic methods, best treatment methods, and clinical efficacy of the atypical lipomatous tumor.Conclusion: Complete surgical resection is the best method for the eradication of tumors. However, mediastinal liposarcoma can not be completely removed by surgery in some cases. For the treatment of residual tumor tissue, molecular inhibitors will be an important supplementary method for the treatment of liposarcoma in the future.
Acceptability of Government Measures Against Covid-19 Pandemic in Senegal: a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ridde Valéry , Kane Babacar , Gaye Ibrahima , Ba Faly , Diallo Amadou , Bonnet Emmanuel , Traoré Zoumana , Faye Adama
Published: December 2020

Background: While the first case of COVID-19 was declared on March 2 2020 in Senegal, the government banned the attendance of places of worship on 14 March. On March 23, it introduced a curfew, a ban on movement between regions, and the closure of markets. These measures were lifted in May and June 2020. The objective of this study is to measure and understand the acceptability of these four governmental measures as well as the level of public trust in the state to fight the pandemic. Methods: We carried out a mixed-method research with an explanatory sequential estimate. The acceptability variables were defined using the theoretical framework of acceptability (TFA). At the quantitative level, we carried out a telephone survey (June/July 2020) at the national level (n=813) with a sampling strategy by marginal quotas. To understand these results, we conducted a qualitative survey (August/September 2020) with a nested sample (n=30). Results: The results show a relatively high acceptability of the measures but a heterogeneity of responses. People considered curfews to be much more important (85.7% [83.2%; 88.0%]) than the closure of places of worship (55.4%; [51.9%; 58.7%]), which is least in line with the values and positive affective attitude. With the lifting of certain measures, respondents questioned the consistency of the decisions. Several positive unintended effects of the curfew were stated (security and social/family cohesion). People over the age of 60 have more confidence in the government to fight the pandemic than people under the age of 25 (7.72 ± 3.12 vs. 7.07 ± 3.11, p = 0.1); and they are more in favour of the closure of places of worship. Men have less confidence in the government than women (6.84 ± 3.21 vs. 7.47 ± 3.05; p = 0.001). The more regions are affected by the pandemic, the less confidence respondents report in the government and the less they perceive the measures as effective.Conclusions: The results confirm the importance of government communication and trust in the state to strengthen the acceptability of pandemic measures. Important differences in acceptability show the need to adapt measures and their explanations, instead of unqualified universal action.
Neurobehavioral dimensions of Prader Willi Syndrome: Relationships between sleep disturbance and psychotic experiences
Authors: Zhang Zizhao , Vajdi Ariana , Kushan-Wells Leila , Huang Zhengyi Sissi , Pacheco-Hansen Laura , Roof Elizabeth , Holland Anthony , Port Allison M , Gur Ruben C. , Bearden Carrie E
Published: December 2020

Background: Prader Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder caused by the absence of expression of the paternal copies of maternally imprinted gene(s) located at 15q11–q13. While the physical and medical characteristics of PWS, including short stature, hyperphagia and endocrine dysfunction are well-characterized, systematic investigation of the long-recognized psychiatric manifestations has been recent. Methods: Here, we report on the first remote (web-based) assessment of neurobehavioral traits, including psychotic-like experiences (Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief Version; PQ-B) and sleep behavior (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), in a cohort of 127 participants with PWS, of whom 48% had a paternal deletion, 36% uniparental disomy, 2.4% an imprinting mutation and 13% unknown mutation (mean age 19.2 years+/-8.4 years; 55.2% female). We aimed to identify the most informative variables that contribute to psychosis risk symptoms. Multiple domains of cognition (accuracy and speed) were also assessed in a subset of PWS participants (N=39) using the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (Penn-CNB). Results: Sleep disturbance, particularly the reasons for sleep difficulty, was most strongly associated with distress related to psychotic-like symptoms. Regarding cognition, individuals with PWS showed the most prominent deficits in accuracy on measures of social cognition involving faces, namely Face Memory, Age Differentiation and Emotion Recognition, and greatest slowing on measures of Attention and Emotion Recognition. However, there were no significant differences in psychotic-like experiences or cognitive performance as a function of PWS genetic subtype. Conclusion: Findings indicate that self/parent-reported neurobehavioral symptoms and cognition can be assessed remotely in individuals with PWS, which has implications for future large-scale investigations of rare neurogenetic disorders. Trial registration: Not applicable.
Experience and organizational-methodological support of summer internship during the period of restrictions related to the spread of coronavirus infection
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Khokhriakov Aleksandr , Studenok Gennadii ,   Ural State Mining University, Tseitlin Evgenii ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: December 2020

Subject of study. The article presents various aspects of conducting and providing organizationalmethodological support for remote summer internship in the conditions of the restrictions imposed to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection in 2020. Methodology. The study is based on the experience of remote educational and industrial internship via Microsoft Teams program. Results. Advantages and disadvantages of remote internship have been identified and recommendations have been given for increasing their effectiveness. Conclusions. It is obvious that on-site internship and students’ direct contacts with teachers and production specialists are more effective in terms of training. However, in extraordinary and difficult epidemiological circumstances, remote internship with the use of IT-support seems to be acceptable.
Energy method of assessing and systematizing open pit automobile transport operating conditions
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Lel Iurii , Glebov Igor ,   Institute of Mining UB RAS, Musikhina Olga ,   Ural State Mining University, Ganiev Ruslan ,   Ural State Mining University, Khardik Nikolai ,   Ural Department of the Federal Environmental, Industrial, and Nuclear Supervision Service of Russia
Published: December 2020

Research aim is to develop the method of assessing and systematizing open pit automobile transport operating conditions. Research relevance. Pit depth growth and the introduction of modern models of dump trucks capable of working on 18–24% slopes complicate the conditions of industrial vehicles operation. In this regard, the development of the method and indicators of rock mass transportation difficulty becomes relevant as well as the systematization of vehicles operation conditions. Research methodology. The method of evaluating the difficulty of transportation is based on calculating diesel consumption per one haul cycle and reducing the actual length of the route to the relative horizontal distance with the use of rock mass vertical haul horizontal equivalents. Experimental and analytical dependences for horizontal equivalents have been determined. As a criterion of transportation difficulty evaluation, the use of operation conditions difficulty coefficient has been substantiated showing how many times truck’s power consumption when moving along the real route is higher than power consumption when moving along the horizontal macadamized route of the same length. Results. As a result of the research, the method of assessing and systematizing the operation conditions of open pit automobile transport. It has been determined that maximum values for conditions difficulty ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 8, 2020 25 coefficients for the trucks with 4 × 2 wheel configuration are 2.6–3.0, and for all-wheel drive trucks – 5.0–6.5. By the difficulty coefficient, all operating conditions are divided into 5 classes (relatively easy, medium, difficult, very difficult, and extremely difficult). It has been determined that operating conditions in the most of diamond-mining open pits of ALROSA PJSC refer to class 3 and 4 (difficult and very difficult). The introduction of the all-wheel drive trucks will go along with the transition of operating conditions to class 5 (extremely difficult). For most of Ural pits classes 2 and 3 are typical (medium and difficult). Scope of results. Research results are to be used in open pit automobile transport design and operation when assessing and systematizing operating conditions, in technological calculations when regulating and planning diesel consumption and dump trucks capacity, and when correcting the regulatory standards of maintenance support, etc.
Turbomachine criteria for similarity of natural size proportionality
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, Makarov Vladimir , Boiarskikh Gennadii ,   Ural State Mining University, Makarov Nikolai ,   Ural State Mining University, Dyldin German ,   Ural State Mining University, Ugolnikov Aleksandr ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: December 2020

Introduction. It is possible to give rise to synergy as a result of science-intensive industries combination with innovative eco-technologies for subsoil use only by developing a brand new approach to nature-like auxiliary technologies. Insufficient adaptability of turbomachines that ensure industrial safety increases the production cost of the mining and oil and gas complexes of the Russian Federation by more than 15%, reducing its competitiveness. Research methodology. Based on the hypothesis of the hydrodynamic analogy of the mechanisms of deceleration of the flow around the airfoil and the formation of its profile resistance, Karman's theory of attached and free vortices, the Zhukovsky-Chaplygin-Kutta hypothesis, the method of conformal transformations, the theory of similarity, the method of singular points by Chaplygin S. A., the criteria for the similarity of natural proportionality are obtained, that is, for the hydrodynamic similarity of the mechanism of energy interaction between the blades of the turbomachine impeller and the wing of a bird. Results. It has been proved that the dominant control over the nature-like proportionality of the aerodynamics of turbomachines is the ratio between the speed and flow acceleration circulation around the airfoil. It has been established that the coefficients of the airfoil resistance, lift and aerodynamic quality of the airfoil cascade are hydrodynamic analogs of the coefficients of the circulation of the velocity and acceleration of the flow and their ratio. Conclusions. It has been experimentally confirmed that the use of the proposed criterion of natural proportionality in the design of turbomachines increases their coefficient of aerodynamic adaptability by more than 2 times, increasing the area of economical operation by 83%.
Advantages and risks of opening the land market in Ukraine
Authors: Kurylo Mykola , Kostenko Oleksandr , Klochko Alyona , Gatseliuk Vitalii
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the study is due to the abolishment of the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land and the risks arising from the land market opening in Ukraine. The paper aims to identify the effectiveness of land mortgages for the agricultural sector of the economy and determine the mechanisms of state policy aimed at legal groundwork to guarantee rights of landowners. The comparative analysis of the land market development in the Central European states contributed to identifying system-based state management of land market formation processes, which had a positive effect on the land reform outcomes in these states. The analysis results confirmed the timeliness of the land market opening in Ukraine, which is related to the chosen economic and political course. The investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex is due to high productivity of lands and is supported with the possibility of mortgaging agricultural land. Neutralization of factors hindering the foreign investment attracted to agricultural business will contribute to the attraction of efficient technologies and highly productive use of the agricultural land in Ukraine. Some measures aimed at the land relations transformation in Central Europe do not consider the peculiarities of the Ukrainian agricultural sector. In particular, it is not reasonable to sell agricultural land to foreigners. Assessment of certain provisions of the Law of Ukraine ‘On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on the Conditions of Agricultural Land Transactions’ No. 552-IX shows the inevitability of abuse by foreign-owned banking institutions of the possibility to alienate the lands pledged under any loan agreements. Criminalization of evasion from the alienation of agricultural land as collateral will prevent the risks of acquiring Ukrainian agricultural lands by foreign-owned banking institutions. It is concluded that the banking system will only perform the functions of an investor in the agricultural sector of the economy, so there is a need to strengthen the state regulation of the land market in Ukraine.
Expression Profile of EMT-related Genes and miRNAs Involved in Signal Transduction via the Wnt Pathway and Cadherins in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zmarzły Nikola , Hermyt Ewelina , Kruszniewska-Rajs Celina , Gola Joanna , Witek Andrzej , Mazurek Urszula , Ostenda Aleksander , Boroń Dariusz
Published: December 2020

Background:

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a molecular reprogramming
that leads to an increased ability to migrate, which can promote invasion and metastasis. EMT can
be initiated in response to the activity of signaling pathways such as Wnt as well as miRNAs.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to determine the expression profile of EMT-related genes involved
in signal transduction via the Wnt pathway and cadherins and to assess which miRNAs can
participate in the regulation of their expression.

Methods:

The study material consisted of 50 endometrial samples: 40 with diagnosed endometrial
cancer and 10 without neoplastic changes. The expression profile of EMT-related genes was assessed
with microarrays and validated by RT-qPCR. MicroRNA expression profiling was performed
using microarrays. It was also determined which miRNAs may participate in the expression regulation
of EMT-related genes.

Results:

CDH1 overexpression was observed in all three endometrial cancer grades using both
mRNA microarrays and RT-qPCR. The microarray experiment showed a decrease in CDH2 level
regardless of the endometrial cancer grade, however, it was only partially validated with RT-qPCR.
Low levels of WNT2, WNT4, WNT5A have also been observed. Decreased expression of WNT2 and
WNT5A may be caused by miR-331-3p and miR-200b-5p, respectively.

Conclusions:

The Wnt signaling is disrupted in endometrial cancer, which may be due to miR-331-3p and miR-200b-5p
activity. In addition, a change in WNT5A level in endometrial cancer compared to control may indicate that it acts as a
suppressor gene and that its low expression is associated with tumor progression.
Study on Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours About AIDS Among Undergraduates of China
Authors: Zhao Cong , Xiang Xiaochen , Guo Kaiwen , Liu Xiaoliu , Cao Jue , Li Chengfeng , Wang Qiang
Published: December 2020

Background:

The prevention of AIDS among undergraduates in Wuhan is a public
health priority. An important strategy for students to prevent AIDS is to establish correct moral concepts
and cultivate a healthy lifestyle.

Introduction:

Through the investigation of MSM and non-MSM population in college students,
this study seeks for possible influencing factors and solutions for AIDS prevention in colleges and
universities.

Methods:

This study was inducted in the 15 universities in Wuhan. 127 MSM students were recruited by peer promotion, and
510 non-MSM students were selected by cluster random sampling. The two groups were investigated by anonymous
questionnaire, and the questionnaire information was statistically analyzed.

Results:

The awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge among MSM students was 90.8%, while
that among non-MSM students, it was 64.6%; neither meets the national requirements. The self-
-recognition of MSM undergraduates was 95.0%. Among the 497 non-MSM undergraduates,
65.4% were willing to make friends with the MSM undergraduates. There were statistical differences
in the social discrimination attitudes of those who knew AIDS-related knowledge (P<0.01),
and the attitudes of those with knowledge of AIDS were more positive.

Conclusion:

The MSM students reported a high incidence of high-risk sexual behaviors and a gap
between knowledge and behaviors. This study focuses on the comparison of the characteristics of
knowledge, attitude, and behavior on AIDS between the two groups of people. AIDS prevention in
colleges and universities requires a new way of thinking.
The Significance of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) in SARSCov- 2 Infection and COVID-19
Authors: Restini Carolina , Belavek Trevor , Bernal Rafael , Ibrahim Vanessa , Irwin Kelly , Kim Minjung , Merlo Courtney
Published: December 2020

:

The new coronavirus was first reported in 2019 (China) and officially announced by the
World Health Organization as a pandemic in March 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the pneumonia-associated illnesses and shares
structural homology with the related Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 (SARS-CoV-
-1). One of the mechanisms for SARS-Cov-1 and -2 infection is mediated by the angiotensin-converting
enzyme-2 (ACE2) cell receptor, enabling the virus to enter the host cells. ACE2 is an isoform
of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 (ACE). The actions of ACE2 counterbalance the classic
renin-angiotensin system (RAS) axis through the production of Ang 1-7, which promotes cardiovascular,
renal, and lung-protective effects. The ACE2 is not the only route for SARS-CoV-2 to
enter the host cells. However, due to its roles in the RAS and its participation in the SARS-CoV-2
virulence, ACE2 has gained attention regarding viral mechanisms of pathogenesis, effects of drugs
that interfere with the RAS, and as a potential target for therapeutic strategies for the damages
caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among other tissues, ACE2 gene expression seems to be increased
in the lungs upon SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, amid other variables, expression
and/or activity of ACE2 is shown as a disease, sex, and age-dependent. The present review covers
critical aspects for a comprehensive understanding of ACE2 and its current involvement in SARSCoV-
2 infection and the development of COVID-19.
Remdesivir, A Potential Drug for COVID-19 Treatment: A New Hope
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Singh Dilpreet , Razdan Karan
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic outbreak in the world
and is the leading cause of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

Methods:

Currently, many drugs/therapies have been tested for COVID-19, which responded sub-
-optimally to the patients. Remdesivir is an RNA polymerase inhibitor that found promising results
in ongoing clinical trials and shows a faster recovery rate in COVID-19 patients. Currently, USFDA
approves for emergent use of this drug in severe COVID-19 patients.

Results:

In this review, we discussed a brief overview of biopharmaceutical and pharmacological
aspects of Remdesivir. Moreover, the ongoing regulatory status of Remdesivir by official bodies
has also been described.
The Use of Watermelon Rind Flour as Stabilizer for Reduced Fat Mayonnaise
Authors: Evanuarini Herly , Amertaningtyas Dedes , Utama Dicky Tri , Safitri Alief Rahmania
Published: December 2020

Reduced fat mayonnaise is a mayonnaise that reduces some oil to reduced fat content, but reduced fat mayonnaise has a disavantages. A decrease in the oil phase which can affect the stability of the mayonnaise emulsion. One alternative is the addition of watermelon rind flour to increase the quality of mayonnaise. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of mayonnaise with the addition of watermelon rind flour as stabilizer. The method used was experimental design using a completely randomized design. The treatment were the addition of watermelon rind flour as much as 2%, 4%, 6% and control as a comparison. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with UJBD. The results showed that the addition of watermelon rind flour gave highly significant effect on emulsion stability and moisture content, had a significant effect on pH and did not gave significant effect on sensory evaluation of mayonnaise. This study concluded that the addition of 6% watermelon rind flour as stabilizer produces good quality mayonnaise.
The Causal Relationship Between Portal Usage and Self-Efficacious Health Information–Seeking Behaviors: Secondary Analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey Data
Authors: Park Jaeyoung , Liang Muxuan , Alpert Jordan M , Brown Richard F , Zhong Xiang
Published: December 2020

Background

Patient portals have drawn much attention, as they are considered an important tool for health providers in facilitating patient engagement. However, little is known about whether the intensive use of patient portals contributes to improved management of patients’ health in terms of their confidence in acquiring health information and exercising self-care. There is a lack of randomized trials with these outcomes measured both pre- and postadoption of patient portals.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the causal relationship between the usage of patient portals and patients’ self-efficacy toward obtaining health information and performing self-care.

Methods

This study was a secondary data analysis that used data from a US national survey, the National Cancer Institute’s Health Information National Trends Survey 5 Cycle 1. Patient portal usage frequency was used to define the treatment. Survey items measuring self-efficacy on a Likert-type scale were selected as the main outcomes, including patients’ confidence in obtaining health information and performing self-care. To establish causality using survey data, we adopted the instrumental variables method. To determine the direction of the causal relationship in the presence of high-dimensional confounders, we further proposed a novel testing framework that employs conditional independence tests in a directed acyclic graph. The average causal effect was measured using the two-stage least squares regression method.

Results

We showed that frequently using patient portals improves patients’ confidence in obtaining health information. The estimand of the weighted average causal effect was 0.14 (95% CI 0.06-0.23; P<.001). This means that when increasing the portal usage intensity, for instance, from 1-2 times to 3-5 times per year, the expected average increase in confidence level measured on a Likert-type scale would be 0.14. However, we could not conclusively determine the causal effect between patient portal usage and patients’ confidence in exercising self-care.

Conclusions

The results support the use of patient portals and encourage better support and education to patients. The proposed statistical method can be used to exploit the potential of national survey data for causal inference studies.
Predictors and Consequences of Veterans Affairs Mental Health Provider Burnout: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zivin Kara , Kononowech Jennifer , Boden Matthew , Abraham Kristen , Harrod Molly , Sripada Rebecca K , Kales Helen C , Garcia Hector A , Pfeiffer Paul
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

In the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), mental health providers (MHPs) report the second highest level of burnout after primary care physicians. Burnout is defined as increased emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and decreased sense of personal accomplishment at work.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to characterize variation in MHP burnout by VHA facility over time, identifying workplace characteristics and practices of high-performing facilities.

METHODS

Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, we will evaluate factors that influence MHP burnout and their effects on patient outcomes. We will compile annual survey data on workplace conditions and annual staffing as well as productivity data to assess same and subsequent year provider and patient outcomes reflecting provider and patient experiences. We will conduct interviews with mental health leadership at the facility level and with frontline MHPs sampled based on our quantitative findings. We will present our findings to an expert panel of operational partners, Veterans Affairs clinicians, administrators, policy leaders, and experts in burnout. We will reengage with facilities that participated in the earlier qualitative interviews and will hold focus groups that share results based on our quantitative and qualitative work combined with input from our expert panel. We will broadly disseminate these findings to support the development of actionable policies and approaches to addressing MHP burnout.

RESULTS

This study will assist in developing and testing interventions to improve MHP burnout and employee engagement. Our work will contribute to improvements within VHA and will generate insights for health care delivery, informing efforts to address burnout.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first comprehensive, longitudinal, national, mixed methods study that incorporates different types of MHPs. It will engage MHP leadership and frontline providers in understanding facilitators and barriers to effectively address burnout.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/18345
Selecting a Subset Based on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events for Patient-Reported Symptom Monitoring in Lung Cancer Treatment: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Veldhuijzen Evalien , Walraven Iris , Belderbos José
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) item library covers a wide range of symptoms relevant to oncology care. There is a need to select a subset of items relevant to specific patient populations to enable the implementation of PRO-CTCAE–based symptom monitoring in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to develop a PRO-CTCAE–based subset relevant to patients with lung cancer that can be used for monitoring during multidisciplinary clinical practice.

METHODS

The PRO-CTCAE–based subset for patients with lung cancer was generated using a mixed methods approach based on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer guidelines for developing questionnaires, comprising a literature review and semistructured interviews with both patients with lung cancer and health care practitioners (HCPs). Both patients and HCPs were queried on the relevance and impact of all PRO-CTCAE items. The results were summarized, and after a final round of expert review, a selection of clinically relevant items for patients with lung cancer was made.

RESULTS

A heterogeneous group of patients with lung cancer (n=25) from different treatment modalities and HCPs (n=22) participated in the study. A final list of eight relevant PRO-CTCAE items was created: decreased appetite, cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, constipation, nausea, sadness, and pain (general).

CONCLUSIONS

On the basis of the literature and both professional and patient input, a subset of PRO-CTCAE items has been identified for use in patients with lung cancer in clinical practice. Future work is needed to confirm the validity and effectiveness of this PRO-CTCAE–based lung cancer subset internationally and in real-world clinical practice settings.
Standards, Processes, and Tools Used to Evaluate the Quality of Health Information Systems: Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Noël René , Taramasco Carla , Márquez Gastón
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Evaluating health information system (HIS) quality is strategically advantageous for improving the quality of patient care. Nevertheless, few systematic studies have reported what methods, such as standards, processes, and tools, were proposed to evaluate HIS quality.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify and discuss the existing literature that describes standards, processes, and tools used to evaluate HIS quality.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic literature review using review guidelines focused on software and systems. We examined seven electronic databases—Scopus, ACM (Association for Computing Machinery), ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and PubMed—to search for and select primary studies.

RESULTS

Out of 782 papers, we identified 17 (2.2%) primary studies. We found that most of the primary studies addressed quality evaluation from a management perspective. On the other hand, there was little explicit and pragmatic evidence on the processes and tools that allowed for the evaluation of HIS quality.

CONCLUSIONS

To promote quality evaluation of HISs, it is necessary to define mechanisms and methods that operationalize the standards in HISs. Additionally, it is necessary to create metrics that measure the quality of the most critical components and processes of HISs.
Структура выростов спор bacillus cereus
Authors: Плиева З.С. , Смирнова Т.А. , Зубашева М.В. , Смирнов Ю.А. , Жуховицкий В.Г. , Ахметова А.И. , Яминский И.В.
Published: December 2020

Bacillus cereus повсеместно распространенный вид бацилл. Известно, что B. cerеus является причиной различных заболеваний, главным образом связанных с поражением желудочно-кишечного тракта (ЖКТ) с симптомами диареи и рвоты. В. cerеus может быть этиологическим агентом менингита, перикардита, пневмонии, заболевания глаз, сопутствовать раневым инфекциям. Приведены новые данные о структуре выростов бактерий B. cerеus на основании экспериментальных данных, полученных с помощью просвечивающей электронной микроскопии и компьютерного анализа изображений.
Petrologia de nova ocorrência dos Anfibolitos Alto Alegre, SE do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, Brasil
Authors: RAMOS Rodrigo Chaves , KOESTER Edinei , VIEIRA Daniel Triboli
Published: December 2020

Na região de Herval, extremo sul do setor brasileiro do Cinturão Dom Feliciano, foram encontradas novas ocorrências dos Anfibolitos Alto Alegre. Esses anfibolitos ocorrem como xenólitos em granitoides de ca. 630-610 Ma da suíte intrusiva Pinheiro Machado, que são as rochas predominantes na região. O presente artigo apresenta um estudo integrado de petrografia (microscopia óptica) e geoquímica de rocha total (elementos maiores, traços e ETR) e isotópica (Sr-Nd), em uma amostra representativa dos Anfibolitos Alto Alegre, com o objetivo de aprofundar o entendimento sobre esta unidade e sua petrogênese. A amostra apresenta mineralogia constituída por hornblenda (± 60 %), plagioclásio (± 20 %), biotita (± 10 %), epidoto (± 5 %), quartzo (< 5 %) e, subordinadamente, titanita, clorita, rutilo, pirita e apatita. A textura principal é a granoblástica poligonal, marcada por hornblenda + plagioclásio, indicando equilíbrio metamórfico em ca. 600ºC e pico metamórfico em condições de fácies anfibolito. A geoquímica de rocha total sugere um protólito gabroico oceânico. Razões de elementos traços e ETR sugerem um ambiente de suprassubducção, transicional entre MORB e IAB, cuja fonte mantélica foi contaminada por componentes crustais. A assinatura isotópica Sr-Nd fortalece essa hipótese (87Sr/86Sr(t) = 0,707; 147Sm/144Nd = 0,118; ɛNd(t) = -7,5). A partir dos resultados e da comparação com metamafitos oceânicos da região, sugere-se que os Anfibolitos Alto Alegre poderiam representar relictos do paleo-oceano Adamastor Sul, relacionado ao paleocontinente Gondwana Ocidental.
Informational Behavior in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Psychological Predictors
Authors: Grishina Anastasia Vasilievna , Vladimirovna Abakumova Irina
Published: December 2020

The core problem of the COVID-19 pandemic for psychologists is to find out how people cope with the stress of isolation and the threat of fatal disease. The scale of the pandemical impact on the psychological well-being of an individual has still no knowledge and psychological predictors which the impact depends on need to be identified. This paper presents an empirical study of informational behavior and its psychological predictors in the pandemic. The research was held online in April-May 2020. The total amount of 165 participants, aged from 18 to 66. The subjects were chosen from a randomly selected sample. The participants were asked to estimate their informational consumption in pandemic. Tolerance to ambiguity, hardiness and anxiety was studied in groups distinguished according to changes in informational consumption. The findings of this study indicate a significant correlation between informational behavior and psychological characteristics related to coping with stress. Besides the analysis proved a negative correlation between reactive and personal anxiety and tolerance to ambiguity, hardiness and its components. We have confirmed that increased informational comsumption can be considered as a coping strategy for overcoming the pandemic social isolation among respondents with low hardiness and tolerance to ambiguity. Stable and decreased informational consumption indicates that respondents with high hardiness and tolerance to ambiguity and low state and trait anxiety don’t need to consume information for coping with difficulties of pandemic self-isolation. Future work will concentrate on expanding the list of psychological predictors of informational behavior and studying the features of their interaction in different situations.
PEMBERDAYAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA PANCA SARI AMERTA, DESA SINGAPADU KALER
Authors: Adi Suprapto Putu
Published: December 2020

Badan Usaha Milik Desa Sari Panca Amerta merupakan badan usaha yang dimiliki oleh Desa Singapadu Kaler. Jenis usaha yang dikembangkan di BUMDesa Sari Panca Amerta adalah banking, brokering, serving dan holding. Untuk usaha holding ini bekerja sama dengan kelompok usaha All Terrain Vehicle di lingkungan Desa Singapadu Kaler. Saat ini terdapat beberapa kebutuhan kelompok usaha All Terrain Vehicle seperti air mineral yang diberikan dalam setiap paket penyewaan. Hal ini menjadi prospek pemasaran usaha pengelolaan air minum badan usaha milik desa. Pada saat ini, terdapat beberapa kendala pada badan usaha milik desa seperti keterbatasan alat packaging, labeling kemasan produk, kurangnya manajemen keuangan terkomputerisasi serta keterbatasan dalam hal pemasaran. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dihadapi, maka akan dilakukan kegiatan bertahap mulai manajemen keuangan sampai pemasaran. Kegiatan dimulai dengan sosialisasi, pemberian peralatan sebagai alat bantu packaging, pemberian bantuan kemasan dan label kemasan, pelatihan manajemen keuangan, serta pembuatan sosial media. Indikator capaian adalah peningkatan pendapatan mitra hingga 50%, 50% produk berisi label kemasan, kemasan produk menjadi lebih menarik dan informatif, mitra mempunyai sosial media sebagai media pemasaran, 1 orang anggota usaha dapat menggunakan aplikasi MyOB dan sistem penjualan. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, untuk kegiatan pengemasan, pemasaran dan manajemen keuangan tercapai. Sedangkan untuk target peningkatan pendapatan mitra sebanyak 50% tidak tercapai dikarenakan adanya pandemi COVID-19 yang berdampak pada ditutupnya objek wisata termasuk All Terrain Vehicle sehingga berkurangnya pesanan air mineral.