bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Channel Equalizer Techniques in LTE-Advanced under Vehicular Environments
Authors: Kadhem Mohammed Baqer Salam , Sabbar Bayan Mahdi
Published: January 2022

The 3GPP LTE standard has developed into the most innovative wireless technology for future generations, capable of data transmission data at rates exceeding 1 Gbps. Improving total user communication performance highly depends on selecting the detection technique correctly, however, by choosing the proper mode of transmission. We analyzed channel equalization techniques Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) and Soft-Sphere Decoder (SSD), at the downlink of physical-layer of LTE‑A system under MIMO technology, besides studying the characteristics of utilizing various transmission schemes such-as Transmit Diversity (TxD) and Spatial Multiplexing (SM) (Open-Loop SM (OLSM) and Closed-Loop SM (CLSM)). For MIMO technology, the 4x2 configuration of transmitter-receiver antennas is preferred. To simulate and evaluate the system’s performance in throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER) used the LTE-A link level simulation program developed by “The Vienna University of Technology” which used in MATLAB, across various channel type including Vehicular-A (VehA) at a speed of 30km/s and Vehicular-B (VehB) at a speed of 120km/s.
Possibilities of velocity field analysis from Hinode SOT/SP data
Authors: Mozharovsky Sergei G.
Published: January 2022

The possibility of analyzing the line of sight (LOS) velocity and its gradient at each point of the Hinode SOT/SP maps using bisector analysis is revealed. A technique for obtaining such gradient is described. To estimate the velocity gradient, it is necessary to know both the velocity value and the layer height to which the bisector point is responded. We have constructed and tested a method to determine this height. We found velocities at the same heights for lines Fe Iλ6301, 6302 Å averaged over the whole map. It turned out that these velocities have some difference that changes with height and time. The error in the estimating of average velocity for the whole map is 2 m·s−1. It follows that the wavelengths of lines 6301 and 6302 given in the NIST tables may differ from the real ones at 5.5 mÅ. Or there is an inaccuracy in the spectrograph dispersion specified in the FITS files. As an example, the curves of changes with the height of the LOS velocity and its gradient were constructed both for points of the whole map and for subsets of the hottest and coldest points.
Determination of the degree of star concentration in globular clusters based on space observation data
Authors: Nuritdinov Salakhutdin , Rastorguev Alexsey , Tadjibaev Ikram
Published: January 2022

We have proposed a generalized King’s model for the observed density of stars in globular clusters (GC). Using two methods of minimizing the functional, composed in the form of the square of the difference between the theoretical and observed density values, we obtained the behavior of the degree of concentration for 26 GC. We have taken the observational data for these clusters from the work of Miocchi et al. (2013), which is a combination of ground-based and space-based observations. The minimized functional depends on three free parameters and one of them clearly characterizes the concentration of stars towards the center of the cluster. The two research methods used here give almost the same results with reasonably good accuracy. In contrast to the work of Nuritdinov et al. (2021), the χ
2 method is used to determine the degree of concentration. In addition, we analyzed data from de Boer et al. (2019). However, these data do not contain information for the central regions of the clusters. The lack of these data does not allow finding the degree of concentration with the required accuracy.
Temperature-dependent mechanical properties of Al/Cu nanocomposites under tensile loading via molecular dynamics method
Authors: Abdulrehman Mohammed Ali , Hussein Mohammed Ali Mahmood , Marhoon Ismail Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

Al-Cu Nanocomposites (NCs) are widely used in industrial applications for their high ductility, light weight, excellent thermal conductivity, and low-cost production. The mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of Metal Matrix NCs (MMNCs) strongly depend on the matrix microstructure and the interface between the matrix and the second phase. The present study relies on Molecular Dynamics (MD) to investigate the effects of temperature on the mechanical properties and elastic and plastic behavior of the Al-Cu NC with single-crystal and polycrystalline matrices. The effects of heating on microstructural defects in the aluminum matrix and the Al/Cu interface were also addressed in the following. It was found that the density of defects such as dislocations and stacking fault areas are much higher in samples with polycrystalline matrices than those with single-crystal ones. Further, by triggering thermally activated mechanisms, increasing the temperature reduces the density of crystal defects. Heating also facilitates atomic migration and compromises the yield strength and the elastic modulus as a result of the increased energy of atoms in the grain boundaries and in the Al-Cu interface. The results showed that the flow stress decreased in all samples by increasing the temperature, making them less resistant to the plastic deformation.
The p-norm of circulant matrices via Fourier analysis
Authors: Sahasranand K. R.
Published: January 2022

A recent work derived expressions for the induced p-norm of a special class of circulant matrices A(n, a, b) ∈ ℝ
n

×

n
, with the diagonal entries equal to a ∈ ℝ and the off-diagonal entries equal to b ≥ 0. We provide shorter proofs for all the results therein using Fourier analysis. The key observation is that a circulant matrix is diagonalized by a DFT matrix. The results comprise an exact expression for ǁAǁ
p
, 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, where A = A(n, a, b), a ≥ 0 and for ǁAǁ2 where A = A(n, −a, b), a ≥ 0; for the other p-norms of A(n, −a, b), 2 < p < ∞, upper and lower bounds are derived.
Diagnostic delays in infectious diseases
Authors: Suneja Manish , Beekmann Susan E. , Dhaliwal Gurpreet , Miller Aaron C. , Polgreen Philip M.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Diagnostic delays are a major source of morbidity and mortality. Despite the adverse outcomes associated with diagnostic delays, few studies have examined the incidence and factors that influence diagnostic delays for different infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to understand the relative frequency of diagnostic delays for six infectious diseases commonly seen by infectious diseases (ID) consultants and to examine contributing factors for these delays.

Methods

A 25-item survey to examine diagnostic delays in six infectious diseases was sent to all infectious diseases physicians in the Emerging Infections Network (EIN) who provide care to adult patients. Diseases included (1) tuberculosis, (2) non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections, (3) syphilis, (4) epidural abscess, (5) infective endocarditis, and (6) endemic fungal infections (e.g., histoplasmosis, blastomycosis).

Results

A total of 533 of 1,323 (40%) EIN members responded to the survey. Respondents perceived the diagnosis not being considered initially and the appropriate test not being ordered as the two most important contributors to diagnostic delays. Unusual clinical presentations and not consulting ID physicians early enough were also reported as a contributing factor to delays. Responses recorded in open-text fields also indicated errors related to testing as a likely cause of delays; specifically, test-related errors included ordering the wrong laboratory test, laboratory delays (specialized labs not available at the facility), and lab processing delays.

Conclusions

Diagnostic delays commonly occur for the infectious diseases we considered. The contributing factors we identified are potential targets for future interventions to decrease diagnostic delays.
Toward a functional typology of adpositions: theoretical implications
Authors: Frajzyngier Zygmunt
Published: January 2022

It is widely accepted that adpositions are used to code the relationship between noun phrases and the relationship between noun phrases and predicates. The present study demonstrates that adpositions are also a coding means for several functions unrelated to the role of noun phrases in the clause and unrelated to the relationship between noun phrases. The following distinct functions of adpositions are added to the existing typologies: 1. Coding the complement as locative (distinct from spatial relations); 2. Coding the directionality of movement (distinct from spatial relations); 3. Coding spatial relationship with respect to the point of reference (distinct from locative function or directionality); 4. Coding the change of the inherent semantic properties of nouns (distinct from spatial relations, directionality, or the locative function); 5. Coding locative predication as distinct from other predications (distinct from locative complement). The study also addresses a fundamental question, viz. why adpositions are sometimes used and sometimes not used within the same language even if the same functions are encoded in the clause. The study also addresses why adpositions are used or not used across languages when the same functions are involved. The general implication of this study is that it provides the evidence that languages encode different semantic structures in their grammatical system. Consequently, the formation of utterances is driven by the speaker’s choice from semantic functions encoded in the grammatical system of the given language and from the available formal means of coding.
A new differential current circle diagram based technique for long transmission line protection
Authors: Gangolu Suryanarayana , Sarangi Saumendra
Published: January 2022

In view of sensitivity, selectivity, and operating speed of the relay, the current differential technique is an alternative against overcurrent and distance-based techniques for long transmission line protection. Moreover, this technique has limited performance due to Line Charging Capacitive Current (LCCC), Current Transformer (CT) saturation further, by using synchronized data, the effect of LCCC can be nullified. However, in case of synchronition is lost, the performance of the current differential is not reliable. Hence, in this paper, the Inverse of Difference of both end Current phasors (IDC) is applied to prevent maloperation due to channel delay and synchronization loss. The simulation experiments are conducted under various operating conditions on a 345 kV, 50 Hz, IEEE 39-bus network using PSCAD 4.5 and MATLAB (R2020a). Results reveal the enhanced security under CT saturation, LCCC and sensitivity under high resistance line to ground faults.
The lexicographical approach to remittere in the Thesaurus linguae Latinae (compared with dimittere and mittere)
Authors: Schrickx Josine
Published: January 2022

One problem of all existing Latin dictionaries is that the text corpus was too limited to give a comprehensive semantic picture of a lemma. In the Thesaurus linguae Latinae (TLL) the database is much more extensive: the corpus of the TLL consists of all surviving texts up to ca. 600 CE. For the time up to ca. 200 CE all evidence is taken into account, for the time after that a selection. Here, using the recently written article remitto, it is shown how an article is constructed and what the criteria of the groups are. Thus, this paper gives guidance on how to interpret a TLL article. It also compares remitto, published in 2021, with the simplex mitto, published in 1957, and with dimitto, published in 1913. It turns out that the lemma remittere has three main groups that correspond exactly to the three main groups of mittere: ‘send’, ‘throw’ and ‘let go’. The criteria of these three main groups can be described as follows: ‘command or cause a movement’ (‘send’), ‘perform a movement action’ (‘throw’) and ‘allow a movement’ (‘let go’). In remittere we accordingly find: ‘to send back’, ‘to throw back’, and ‘to let go (back)’. This last meaning is the largest and overlaps with dimittere. However, remittere can also mean ‘to relax’, which we do not see in the earlier article dimitto.
Word-final-sin Ennius’Annales: a sociolinguistic approach
Authors: Zair Nicholas
Published: January 2022

In Ennius’Annales, as in other Roman poetry of the third, second, and to some extent first centuries BC, a word-final syllable consisting of a short vowel followed by-scan scan as light even when followed by a word beginning with a consonant. In theAnnales, light scansion is the norm in the second part of the foot (thesis), but heavy scansion is found four times. I argue that attempts to emend away these instances of heavy scansion are not founded on strong arguments. Rather, the infrequency of final-smaking position in thesis can be put down to the sociolinguistic situation of the time, in which deletion or weakening of final-sco-existed with its presence, with the latter being characteristic of more formal speech.
Successful use of cinacalcet monotherapy in the management of siblings with homozygous calcium-sensing receptor mutation
Authors: Wade Laura , Aindow Anita , Isherwood Lorraine , Mughal M. Zulf , Ramakrishnan Renuka
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT) due to pathogenic mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is a serious medical condition that can lead to symptomatic hypercalcaemia and has detrimental effects on a child’s growth and development. What is new: This report adds to evidence that homozygous CASR mutations can be managed with cinacalcet monotherapy as an alternative to parathyroidectomy. And, early use of cinacalcet in NSHPT can result in improvements in symptoms, growth and developmental milestones.

Case presentation

We present two siblings with NSHPT due to homozygous mutation in the CASR gene with moderate hypercalcaemia. Both were treated with cinacalcet monotherapy and showed significant improvement in growth parameters including head circumference, developmental milestones and hypercalcaemic symptoms, once their calcium and parathyroid hormone levels normalised.

Conclusions

This report highlights the role of cinacalcet in managing elevated serum calcium levels in a select group of infants with NSHPT due to homozygous CASR mutations, resulting in improvement in hypercalcaemic symptoms, growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Experience with direct oral anticoagulants in pregnancy – a systematic review
Authors: Areia Ana Luísa , Mota-Pinto Anabela
Published: January 2022

Objectives

The experience and use of the new direct oral anti coagulants (DOACs) in pregnancy is limited, but as they offer many practical advantages compared to low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), the pursue of their safety is challenging.

Methods

Systematic review of studies in which DOACs were used during pregnancy and the puerperal period (PROSPERO registry-CRD42021237688). Searches were performed on MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases, until July 2021 and secondary sources using the MeSH terms ‘pregnancy’, ‘pregnancy complications’, ‘venous thrombosis’, ‘congenital abnormalities’, ‘Factor Xa Inhibitors,’ and names of specific DOACs. Search was limited to human studies, with English or French as languages of report.

Results

Literature search yielded 1,989 results which, after duplicate exclusion, resulted in 672 publications. Studies were then screened using the specified eligibility criteria described and studies that did not meet the criteria were excluded, resulting in 21 full text studies to an in-depth analysis and data extraction. Overall, 339 cases of DOACs usage during pregnancy were reported until now. The data demonstrated 56% live births but a miscarriage rate of 22.2% and an elective termination of pregnancy in 21.8%; fetal abnormalities related to DOACs occurred in 3.6%. Our meta-analysis displayed a higher rate of fetal loss and fetal abnormalities with DOACs use compared to LMWH, notwithstanding similar bleeding complications.

Conclusions

The current information available for the 339 cases herein reported does not allow a conclusion that DOACs can be safely used in pregnancy.
Pericentric inversion of chromosome 6 and male fertility problems
Authors: Fan Haitao , Liu Zhe , Zhan Peng , Jia Guoliang
Published: January 2022

As a significant chromosomal structural abnormality, chromosomal inversion is closely related to male infertility. For inversion carriers, the interchromosomal effect explains male infertility, but its specific mechanism remains unclear. Additionally, inversion carriers with different chromosomes have different clinical manifestations. Therefore, genetic counseling is difficult in clinical practice. Herein, four male carriers of pericentric inversion in chromosome 6 have been described. Two patients showed asthenospermia, one showed azoospermia, and the wife of the remaining patient had recurrent miscarriages. Through a literature search, the association between the breakpoint of pericentric inversion in chromosome 6 and male fertility problems are also discussed in this study. Overall, important genes related to asthenospermia in chromosome 6p21 were found, which may be related to the clinical phenotype. These results suggest that physicians should focus on the breakpoints of inversion in genetic counseling.
Computational spectrometers enabled by nanophotonics and deep learning
Authors: Gao Li , Qu Yurui , Wang Lianhui , Yu Zongfu
Published: January 2022

A new type of spectrometer that heavily relies on computational technique to recover spectral information is introduced. They are different from conventional optical spectrometers in many important aspects. Traditional spectrometers offer high spectral resolution and wide spectral range, but they are so bulky and expensive as to be difficult to deploy broadly in the field. Emerging applications in machine sensing and imaging require low-cost miniaturized spectrometers that are specifically designed for certain applications. Computational spectrometers are well suited for these applications. They are generally low in cost and offer single-shot operation, with adequate spectral and spatial resolution. The new type of spectrometer combines recent progress in nanophotonics, advanced signal processing and machine learning. Here we review the recent progress in computational spectrometers, identify key challenges, and note new directions likely to develop in the near future.
Green synthesis of various saturated S-heterocyclic scaffolds: an update
Authors: Virendra Sharma Arvind , Wahan Simranpreet K. , Sahu Chandrakant , Chawla Pooja A.
Published: January 2022

Development of reliable and eco-friendly novel schemes for the synthesis of organic compounds is an important step in the field of organic and medicinal chemistry. Green chemistry-based strategies involving use of catalysts, green solvents, atom economic reactions etc. play a key role because of their exceptional ability to minimize the toxicity or hazards of the side products and processes. With the use of these green techniques, a number of researchers were able to synthesis a wide range of heterocyclic compounds. This chapter highlights the potential and diverse biological activities of saturated sulphur containing heterocyclic compounds including thiirane, thiane, thiolane and many more. The aim of this chapter is to provide fresh perspective on the various techniques employed for the formation of C–S bond by summarizing all green synthesis from 2016 to 2021.
Challenges for machine learning in RNA-protein interaction prediction
Authors: Arora Viplove , Sanguinetti Guido
Published: January 2022

RNA-protein interactions have long being recognised as crucial regulators of gene expression. Recently, the development of scalable experimental techniques to measure these interactions has revolutionised the field, leading to the production of large-scale datasets which offer both opportunities and challenges for machine learning techniques. In this brief note, we will discuss some of the major stumbling blocks towards the use of machine learning in computational RNA biology, focusing specifically on the problem of predicting RNA-protein interactions from next-generation sequencing data.
Synthesis of a castor oil-based quaternary ammonium surfactant and its application in the modification of attapulgite
Authors: Yan Xiuhua , Xu Wei , Shao Rong , Haddleton David M.
Published: January 2022

Castor oil-based quaternary ammonium surfactant (COQA) was synthesized by an ester-exchange reaction of refined castor oil (CO) (raw material) with N,N-dimethyl ethanol amine followed by quaternization with epichlorohydrin (ECH). Its surface activity and structural features were determined. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactant at 25 °C was 1.79 × 10−3 mol/L. The surface tension of an aqueous COQA solution at CMC was 38.19 mN/m. Subsequently, the synthesized COQA was used to modify attapulgite (ATP) by binding it to the surface of ATP. The change in the morphology of the modified-ATP (M-ATP) was attributed to the presence of the COQA bound to the surface of the rod-shaped crystals, although the crystal structure of the silicate did not change. Compared to ATP, the microstructure of the M-ATP was less rigid.
Review on classification, physicochemical properties and applications of microbial surfactants
Authors: Madankar Chandu S. , Meshram Ashwini
Published: January 2022

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic microbial compounds synthesized from plants and micro organisms that have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic zones, which are classified into liquid-liquid, liquid-solid and liquid-gas interfaces. Due to their versatile nature, low toxicity, and high reactivity at extreme temperatures, as well as – extremely important – their good biodegradability and environmental compatibility, biobased surfactants provide approaches for use in many environmental industries. Biosurfactants produced by microorganisms have potential applications in bioremediation as well as in the petroleum, agricultural, food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. In this review article, we include a detailed overview of the knowledge obtained over the years, such as factors influencing bio-surfactant production and developments in the incorporation of biomolecules in different industries and future research needs.
Phase studies of ethyl ammonium nitrate (EAN)/sugar surfactant microemulsions: effect of chain length of alkanes and length of the hydrophobic chain of the non-ionic surfactant
Authors: Solanki Shehnaz H. , Patil Sandeep R.
Published: January 2022

Microemulsions were formulated with the ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) used instead of water as the polar phase, hydrocarbon solvents (n-alkanes) and sugar-based non-ionic surfactants, and their phase behaviour and microstructure were investigated. The sugar-based non-ionic surfactants used are non-toxic, biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Due to these properties, their use in microemulsion systems is a clear alternative to the conventionally used non-ionic surfactants from the class of alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers (C
i
E
j
). The influence of n-alkanes with different chain lengths and of sugar-based nonionic surfactants with hydrophobic chains of different lengths on the microemulsion system was also investigated. The results obtained for the microemulsions with EAN described here are similar to those obtained for microemulsion systems formulated with water as the polar solvent. Liquid crystalline (LC) phases were observed in microemulsion systems with sugar-based nonionic surfactants having longer hydrocarbon chains, at lower temperatures and higher surfactant mass fraction.
Influence of n-alcohols on aqueous DTAB micelles studied by ultrasonic analysis
Authors: Patil Kiran D. , Sonawane Gunavant H. , Borse Mahendra S.
Published: January 2022

The influence of chain length of n-alcohols such as 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol and 1-heptanol on cationic dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) micelles has been investigated. The effect of concentration was determined at alcohol concentrations of (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50) mM and at temperatures of 298.15 K, 303.15 K, 308.15 K and 313.15 K using ultrasonic velocity, density, viscosity and conductivity measurements. To study molecular interactions in micelles of various mixtures of DTAB and n-alcohols by using acoustical parameters, such as adiabatic compres-sibility (β
ad), intermicellar free length (L

f
), acoustic impedance (Z), molar volume (V

M
) have been calculated by using ultrasonic velocity (U) and density (ρ). With the help of the trends observed when varying these parameters, the molecular interactions and thus the micellar growth of mixed systems of DTAB and n–alcohol were discussed. Viscosity data such as absolute viscosity, viscous relaxation time, oil solubilization, foam stability and conductance data complemented the observed ultrasonic data.
Analysis of the second virial coefficient, and application to rare gas mixtures
Authors: Somuncu Elif , Mamedov Bahtiyar A.
Published: January 2022

The second virial coefficients characterize the real-gas non-ideality caused by the interaction between molecular pairs and ensure a link between macroscopic thermodynamic properties and microscopic molecular interactions because they depend on intermolecular interaction energy and temperature. Therefore, the second virial coefficients that are suitable for calculating the thermodynamic properties of gases used in the many fields in this work are preferred. In this study, a semi-analytic representation for the second virial (SV) coefficient over exponent–spline-Morse-spline-van der Waals potential (ESMSV), investigating the thermodynamic properties of rare gases, is presented. In the study the series formulae of the hypergeometric function, exponential function, gamma function, Meijer function, and binomial expansion have used in the suggested method. The numerical approach has been used mostly to evaluate the SV coefficient with ESMSV potential in literature. This unified formula can be applied and tested for rare gases. The obtained results for the SV coefficient over ESMSV potential of 4He–4He, 4He–Ne, 4He–Ar, 4He–Kr, 4He–Xe, Ne–Ne, O2–O2, and Ar–O2 rare gases have been compared with alternative experimental data and numerical calculations and shown that semi-analytical expression can be successfully applied to evaluate simple fluids.
Ternary rare-earth hydride oxides: stability in air and potential use as precursors for the synthesis of materials
Authors: Zapp Nicolas , Kohlmann Holger
Published: January 2022

Ternary rare-earth hydride oxides (or oxyhydrides) REHO show rather high thermal stability and inertness in air. SmHO remained intact when stored in air for 12 h, while after storage for one year, it completely hydrolysed to form Sm(OH)3. In contrast, YHO and HoHO show only slight decomposition upon longer storage. The cation’s basicity and the air humidity apparently are crucial factors in the air stability of the compounds. Their reactions with various gases were investigated, in order to better understand factors governing the stability in air and to map their potential as precursors in materials synthesis. Both SmHO and YHO reduce CO2 to carbon and form the metastable C-type rare-earth sesquioxides RE
2O3 instead of the thermodynamically stable B-type. YHO reacts with gaseous ammonia to a red powder. By X-ray diffraction, this is identified as yttrium nitride, but the color of the sample suggests it to be an oxygen-poor nitride oxide (oxynitride) phase YN1−x
O
x
. These results underline the potential of rare-earth hydride oxides as precursors for the synthesis of other rare-earth compounds. The stability in air, even at elevated temperatures of some rare-earth hydride oxides such as YHO and HoHO are advantageous for potential applications as functional materials.
Evaluation and enzyme-aided enhancement of anti-photoaging properties of Camellia japonica in UVA-irradiated keratinocytes
Authors: Oh Jung Hwan , Nam Gi Baeg , Karadeniz Fatih , Kong Chang-Suk , Ko Jaeyoung
Published: January 2022

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main reason behind extrinsic skin aging. Changes due to chronic UV exposure are called photoaging. Natural products are effective ingredients against UV-mediated skin damage. Present study investigated the anti-photoaging properties of Camellia japonica flowers which possess various bioactivities. To enrich the extracts of C. japonica flowers, pectinase and beta-glucosidase treatment was employed. Anti-photoaging effect was screened using the changes in MMP-1 and collagen levels in UVA-irradiated human HaCaT keratinocytes. The crude extract of C. japonica flowers (CE) was shown to decrease the UVA-induced MMP-1 secretion while attenuating the collagen levels. Pectinase and beta-glucosidase treated CE (ECE) showed increased anti-photoaging effects against UVA-induced changes in MMP-1 and collagen production. Camellenodiol (CMD), a known triterpenoid from C. japonica, isolated as the active ingredient of ECE and its anti-photoaging effect was screened. Results showed that CMD ameliorated the UVA-induced deterioration in collagen levels by suppressing MMP-1 production in transcriptional level. CMD treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK MAPKs along their downstream effectors, c-Fos, and c-Jun. In conclusion, enzyme-assisted extraction of C. japonica flowers was suggested to enhance the anti-photoaging properties suggestively through high bioactive content such as CMD.
La secularización desplazada. La vanguardia en el proceso de la antimodernidad
Authors: Davis Ana
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio propone una definición de “vanguardia” a partir de su intento de secularizar el arte del ideal y sublimidad románticos. Para ello, se parte de una noción amplia de “secularización” vinculada al proceso de la modernidad, un proceso de desacralización que la vanguardia intentó aplicar al arte. Nuestra sugerencia es que ese intento fue fallido y que la vanguardia derivó en una resistencia a lo moderno, en clara contradicción a su discurso de ruptura y novedad. El trabajo se divide en tres partes: la primera se centra en delimitar las nociones de “secularización”, “modernidad” y “antimodernidad”; la segunda, en definir la vanguardia en relación con su intento de secularizar el arte; finalmente, la tercera expone el fracaso de dicho intento y lo ejemplifica en el terreno literario mediante la antítesis entre poesía y novela.
Presentación
Authors: Hernández Martínez Cuauhtémoc Nattahí , García Ibarra María Yolanda
Published: January 2022

Presentación
The Noahide Laws and the Universal Fellowship with God
Authors:   International Institute for Hermeneutics, Barnes Bruce R.
Published: January 2022

This article presents the possibility of a theory of natural law in Judaism from the Jewish perspective by listening to the Jewish tradition of scholarship on religion and philosophy. The first part of this paper is concerned with evidence for a theory of natural law in Judaism. It centers around the Noahide Laws and their influence on Gentile and pre-Simatic Judaism. The second part deals with Moses Maimonides and his ideas concerning the interpretation of natural law for Jews. The third part discusses Jewish scholars who have refuted the work of Maimonides and proposed various theories of natural law. They have been a consistent part of Jewish tradition and provide a path, however narrow, along which Jews may travel towards participation in global issues and work among non-Jewish people.
Anselm of Canterbury and the Third Reich: Gottlieb Söhngen on Upholding the Humanum Amid the Inhumane
Authors:   University of St. Mary of the Lake, Mundelein Seminary, Chicago, de Gaál Emery
Published: January 2022

Gottlieb Söhngen (1892-1971) is a figure of no small significance: he directed both Joseph Ratzinger’s (now Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI) dissertation and habilitation, and his writings on Anselm of Canterbury’s theological contri-butions illustrate the struggles of a then still nascent theological discipline: fundamental theology. Söhngen’s explorations occur within the context of National Socialist rule, while he teaches theology at Akademie Braunsberg in the eponymous city located in East Prussia (1937-45) during the dark years of the Third Reich. This investigation shows how very much Söhngen does justice to both Anselm’s oeuvre and the Roman Catholic statement, while nevertheless introducing pointers to pre-Christian, Germanic notions in order to flatter the Nazi rulers, but more importantly to underscore how pagan concepts ultimately indirectly prepare the ground for the implantation of the Gospel.
Charismatic Phenomena and Spiritual Discernment
Authors:   University of Białystok, Proniewski Andrzej
Published: January 2022

Within the Church, the living presence of the Holy Spirit fosters dynamism in the spiritual lives of believes who are entrusted with the task to remain faithful to the Gospel message as they carry out their mission in the world. The Holy Spirit awakens in those who believe enthusiasm in professing the faith as well as the courage to follow Christ, strengthens charity and leads the faithful toward greater unity within the community of the Church. In the Holy Spirit’s power, individual believers enjoy the charismatic privilege of His influence, which is manifested in their experience of His extraordinary gifts. The ability to discern these gifts is contingent on the ability to conceptualize them. This article, which discusses charismatic phenomena and spiritual dis cernment, presents how one can understand and interpret both in the spirit of the Catholic Church’s doctrine.
The Influence of the Catholic Church in Cracow on the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius from the Fifteenth through Eighteenth Centuries
Authors:   University of Białystok, Kasabuła Tadeusz
Published: January 2022

Like the entire Diocese of Vilnius, the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius drew considerably from the experience of the ecclesiastical environment of the Diocese of Cracow, which had already existed for four centuries when the Vilnius Chapter began and was establishing and organizing its own institutions and structures. Although the Diocese of Vilnius had remained part of the organizational structures of the ecclesial province of Gniezno from the beginning of the fifteenth century, it looked to Wawel and not to Wzgórze Lecha’s example. From the fourteenth century onward, Vilnius and Cracow were the capital cities of the Polish-Lithuanian state. For this reason, it was fitting that both of the dioceses, including their cathedral chapters, were organized, looked, and functioned similarly. When the local Church was being established and organized in Lithuania, Cracow naturally served as a model for Vilnius because the local church in Cracow had already existed for more than four centuries and was, therefore, more organized, dynamic, and greatly exposed to the world in every respect than the ecclesiastical environment of Gniezno. This was also due to the fact that the Diocese of Cracow was at the center of royal power: it supported the throne of the Commonwealth directly; it sanctioned the court’s actions; it provided the monarch with expert and intellectual help necessary to conduct internal politics and engage in diplomacy. It is also significant that the person responsible for establishing the Church in Lithuania was, in fact, Lithuanian—King Władysław II Jagiełło was the first Jagiellonian to ascend the Polish throne. His successors continued his policies in the religious realm in Lithuania. It is not surprising, therefore, the Jagiełłoes were solicitous to ensure that Vilnius enjoyed the proper place in the hierarchy of Polish-Lithuanian dioceses under their jurisdiction in accordance with the belief that “Vilnius annot stand out from Cracow.” The Lithuanian King Władysław II Jagiełło provided materially for the Church in Vilnius, and he ensured that the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania had the proper position within the structures of the Polish-Lithuanian state, which has becoming increasingly more integrated. Although the Diocese of Vilnius drew from the Diocese of Cracow’s example, it did not blindly imitate it. After it had been established and organized, the Vilnius Cathedral Chapter was able to develop its own models, unique identity, and manner of functioning as a completely self-sufficient corporation that no longer needed to refer so strongly to the model of Cracow.
The Evolution of the Role of Roman Catholic Monasteries in Belarus from the Nineteenth Century to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century
Authors:   Belarus Institute of History NAN, Zianiuk Raisa
Published: January 2022

This article presents how the role of Roman Catholic monasteries evolved in Belarus from the nineteenth to the beginning of the twentieth centuries. It defines the traditional internal and external functions of the Catholic monastery and proceeds to convey how, due to Russian policies, Roman Catholic monasteries ceased to fulfill their traditional roles and took on new, unusual, and previously uncommon functions such as serving as prisons and boarding houses
Transcendent Images and Semina Verbi in Carlos Reygadas’ Films
Authors:   University of Białystok, Citko Ewa Katarzyna
Published: January 2022

This article is an analytical and interpretive reading of the Mexican film director Carlos Reygadas’ work in light of “semina Verbi” (seeds of the Word). In his films, Reygadas explores the alienation and confusion that man, who has rejected traditional values and faith in God, experiences in the modern world. At the same time and like his characters, Reygadas seeks transcendence and the possibility of spiritual rebirth. His films are not strictly religious, but they do contain faint echoes the Gospel or semina Verbi, meaning “seeds of the Word” that are present in non-Christian cultures and secular works of art. As John Paul II said, the Spirit sows seeds of the Word in different rites and cultures that open them up to the fullness of meaning in Jesus Christ. Viewers can find semina Verbi in different elements of Reygadas’ films, including: the characters’ motivations, aspirations, and actions; the symbolic structure of the film’s space and time; and in the specific narrative style that invites viewers to meditate and contemplate. This Mexican director’s films echo man’s hidden longing for the spiritual world and for union with the sacred, with nature that surrounds him (which is “divinized” in many films), with himself, and with his spirituality that has been lost.An essential element of Reygadas’ work is the pursuit of transcendence understood in a specific way. The director does not seek metaphysical order in his works. Instead, he uncovers the biological and bodily dimensions of the world and recalls the eternal cycle of death and rebirth in nature. This is why transcendence often has a sexual dimension in Reygadas’ films; his characters experience a renewed physical interaction by which they transcend themselves. This type of experience leads the characters from passivity, stagnation, and death to the vitality and life. Reygadas’ characters’ search for metaphysical and spiritual transcendence and their experience of bodily transcendence are motivated and characterized by something similar: the desire to transcend their own limitations and barriers—an experience of contact with the One Who surpasses man, or that which man surpasses. The presence of images of transcendence and hidden semina Verbi are important determinants of Reygadas’ creative works. The cinematic reality that he creates is a distant sign of a higher order established by something other than man, and, yet, it is an order over which man has an overwhelming influence.
Bilingual Authorization Program Standards Content Analysis White Paper
Authors:   Bilingual Standards Refresh Work Group
Published: January 2022

This white paper was developed in consultation with the Bilingual Authorization Working Group and reviews the 2009 California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC) Bilingual Authorization Program Standards (BAPS). The analysis included current research in the field of bilingualism, equity, and dual language education. This Working Paper was presented to the CTC to influence and support efforts to update the BAPS. For each of the first set of five program standards, the authors offer: (1) descriptions of key elements within the standard; (2) recommended revisions; and (3) implications related to assessment, policy, and practice. The authors accepted standard 6 as written. Key recommendations included addressing the absence of field work and clinical experience. This paper includes a glossary of terms as well as an extended reference list across a variety topics in bilingual education.
"POETICS" OF ARISTOTLE IN RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS
Authors: Nilova Anna
Published: January 2022

The article presents an overview of the existing translations of Aristotle's “Poetics”, characterizes the features of each of them. In the preface to his translation of Aristotle's “Poetics”, V. Zakharov characterized the work of the Greek philosopher as a “dark text.” Each translation of this treatise, which forms the basis of European and world literary theory, is also its interpretation, an attempt to interpret the “dark places.” The first Russian translation of “Poetics” was made by B. Ordynsky and published in 1854, however, the Russian reader was familiar with the contents of the treatise through translations into European languages and its expositions in Russian. For instance, in the “Dictionary of Ancient and New Poetry” Ostolopov sets out the Aristotelian theory of drama and certain other aspects of “Poetics” very close to the original text. Ordynsky translated the first 18 chapters of “Poetics”, focusing on the theory of tragedy. The translator presented his interpretation of Aristotle’s concept in an extensive preface, commentaries and a lengthy “Statement.” This translation set off a critical analysis by Chernyshevsky, and influenced his dissertation “Aesthetic relations of art to reality”, in which the author polemicizes with the aesthetics of German romanticism. In 1885 V. Zakharov published the first complete Russian translation of “Poetics”, in which he offered his own interpretation of Aristotle's teaching on language and epic. The author of this translation returns to the terminology of romantic aesthetics, therefore the translation itself is outside the main line of perception of the teachings of Aristotle by domestic literary theory, which is clearly manifested in the translations of V. G. Appelrot (1893), N. N. Novosadsky (1927) and M. L. Gasparov (1978). The subject of discussion in these translations was the interpretation of the notions of μῦϑος and παθος, the concepts of mimesis and catharsis, the source of suffering and the tragic, the possibility of modernizing terminology. An important milestone in the perception and assimilation of Aristotle's treatise by Russian literary criticism was its translation by A. F. Losev, which was not published, but was used by the author in his theoretical works and in criticizing other interpretations of “Poetics”. M. M. Pozdnev penned one of the last translations of “Poetics” (2008). The translator does not seek to preserve the peculiarities of the original style and interprets “Poetics” within the framework and terms of modern literary theory, focusing on its English translations. The main subject of the translator's reflection is Aristotle's understanding of the essence and phenomenon of poetic art. Translations of the Greek philosopher's treatise reflect the history of the formation and development of the domestic theory of literature, its main topics and terminological apparatus.
Theoretical Studies of Rare-Earth Nuclei Leading to 50Sn-Daughter Products and the Associated Shell Effects
Authors: Kumar S.
Published: January 2022

Cluster decays of rare-earth nuclei are studied with regard for neutron magic shells for 50Sn nucleus as a daughter product always. The 100Sn and 132Sn radioactivities are studied to find the most probable cluster decays and the possibility, if any, of new neutron shells. For a wide range of parent nuclei considered here (from Ba to Pt), 12C and 78Ni from the 112Ba and 210Pt parents, respectively, are predicted to be the most probable clusters (minimum decay half-life) referring to100Sn and 132Sn daughters. The 22Mg decay of 122Sm is indicated at the second best possibilty for the 100Sn-daughter decay. In addition to these well-known magic shells (Z = 50, N = 50 and 82), a new magic shell at Z = 50,  N = 66 (116Sn daughter) is indicated for the 64Ni decay from the 180Pt parent.
Фізичний механізм набухання кератину
Authors: Булавін Л.А. , Забашта Ю.Ф. , Каспрова А.В. , Сенчуров С.П. , Грабовський Ю.Є. , Алєксєєв С.О.
Published: January 2022

Досліджено механізм набухання кератину у водному розчині тіогліколевої кислоти. Отримано рентгенівські  рефлектограми та ІЧ-спектри, залежність акустичного модуля від статичного напруження для ненабухлого та набухлого кератину. На основі цих експериментальних даних встановлено, що при набуханні кератину молекули тіогліколевої кислоти розташовуються у внутрішньофібрилярних невпорядкованих областях, приводячи до орієнтації спіральних сегментів. При цьому між орієнтованими сегментами виникають нові дисульфідні зв'язки, які фіксують новоутворену структуру.
The Geometrodynamic Nature of the Quantum Potential
Authors: Fiscaletti D.
Published: January 2022

The de Broglie–Bohm theory allows us to have got a satisfactory geometrodynamic interpretation of quantum mechanics. The fundamental element, which creates a geometrodynamic picture of the quantum world in the non-relativistic domain, a relativistic curved space-time background, and the quantum gravity domain, is the quantum potential. It is shown that, in the non-relativistic domain, the geometrodynamic nature of the quantum potential followsfrom the fact that it is an information potential containing a space-like active information on the environment; the geometric properties of the space expressed by the quantum potential determine non-local correlations between subatomic particles. Moreover, in the de Broglie–Bohm theory in a curved space-time, it is shown that the quantum, as well as the gravitational, effects of matter have geometric nature and are highly related: the quantum potential can be interpreted as the conformal degree of freedom of the space-time metric, and its presence is equivalent to the curved space-time. It is shown on the basis of some recent research that, in quantum gravity, we have a generalized geometric unification of gravitational and quantum effects of matter; Bohm's interpretation shows that the form of a quantum potential and its relation to the conformal degree of freedom of the space-time metric can be derived from the equations of motion.
Євген Дмитрович Волков (03.03.1934−16.01.2012)
Authors: Загородній А.Г.
Published: January 2022

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