bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speech component in communication of an artistic experiment in the context of everyday culture at the beginning of the XXI century
Authors:   Kemerovo Institute of Culture, Prokopova Natalia L.
Published: November 2024

In the context of the experience of Russian science rethinking the content of scientific specialties, in the conditions of the search for an updated methodology of the analysis of artistic phenomena, the actuality of the analysis in the optics of cultural studies of such aspect of theatrical art as communication is emphasized. The subject of the researching is the speech component of communication of an artistic experiment in the context of everyday culture at the beginning of the XXI century. A theatre performance is considered in the dimensions of cultural studies as communication of an artistic experiment. The actor's speech art is analyzed as a speech component of the communication of an artistic experiment. The following approaches are used as the fundamental tools: systemic, cultural-historical, axiological. The empirical basis is the theatre performances of Kuzbass, the speech component of which is largely changed under the influence of everyday culture. The influence of everyday culture on the process of transformation of the speech component of communication of an artistic experiment at the beginning of the XXI century is analyzed. The mechanism of influence of everyday culture on the speech component of communication of an artistic experiment is argued. The evidence of the process of the influence of everyday culture on the speech component of artistic communication through the texts of dramaturgical works, producer's strategies for creating performances in the genres of “verbatim” and “storytelling” is given. Attention is drawn to the decrease in the weakening of the actuality of poetry as the textual basis of the stage version (a reading work or performance) – the speech component of the communication of an artistic experiment. The characteristics of the speech component of the communication of the artistic experiment, formed under the influence of everyday culture – “rhythmic laconism” and “intonation sharpness” are emphasized. The manifestation of rhythmic laconism is clarified by accelerating the pace of speech, combining sentences into a single speech stream, reducing pauses, reducing the number of stressed words, and therefore reducing the degree of intonation diversity. Attention is paid to the characteristic of the speech component of the communication of the artistic experiment “intonation sharpness”, manifested in a ragged, sudden, “barking” speech sound which is the result of an unexpected, inconsistent change in the basic tone of the voice. Attention is drawn to the correlation of the persuasiveness of the stage sound of the actors with the proximity to everyday intonations. The importance of everyday intonations determines the choice of the heroes of modern drama, who are either marginals or ordinary people living next to them who do not have the ability to resist aggressive speech behavior.
The painting of household objects of the Lower Pechora River in XIX – beginning XX centuries: On the use of paints
Authors:   Institute of Geology of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Astakhova Irina S.
Published: November 2024

The article deal with the results of study of the composition of paints used in the painting of household objects of the Lower Pechora River. Spoons, tues, boxes were painted in the villages of Skitskaya, Zamezhnoye and Stepanovskaya of Ust-Tsilemsky district. Art historians distinguish Ust-Tsilem and Pyzhem painting. The Ust-Tsilem painting used red, green, yellow and black colors. Pyzhem painting covered only dishes (salt shakers, bowls, cups, spoons). In the Pyzhem painting were used red, green and black colors. The relevance of the study of mineral pigments is to use the material from the deposits of red ochre near the village Skitskaya Komi Republic. The selection of paints from painted household items beginning of the XIX century was made: a bucket for knocking down, a wobble, a tues with an inscription, a chest, a rifle butt and a spoons palette palette of F.O. Anshukov. The items are stored in the collections of the Ust-Tsilem Historical and Memorial Museum of A.V. Zhuravsky. Pieces of red, green, blue, brown, white paint about 2 mm in size were selected. Black paint was prepared from soot and resin was added. Later they started using ink. In this regard, black paint has not been studied. The pigments were studied with Raman spectrometry, XRD, and EDS. The paints were mixed on lead or zinc ceruse with the addition of quartz, barite and gypsum. The results of study of the composition of paints of the spoons allow us detecting minium as main component of the red pigments, blue pigments – the рrussian blue, green – the arsenic cont containing pigment (scheel green?). The presence of iron oxides in the brown paint indicates the naturals pigment of the ochre. The red pigments in the painting of household objects is minium wite the lead ceruse. The surface of some household items was previously primed with whitewash or gypsum. The green paint from the rifle butt is represented by a sheel green. The study of composition of the pigments allows us to suppose that the ochre from local deposits and exotic (imported from another region) pigments were used in household objects painting by the Old Believers in Komi region. Paints of foreign production were delivered through the Arkhangelsk port. The meerkat, whitewash and prussian blue were produced at many colorful factories of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the XIX century. Arsenic-containing green pigments were produced at the beginning of the XIX century. Later they ceased to be used in painting. Research has established that natural ochres and pigments produced at the beginning of the XIX century and later were used in the painting of household items of the Lower Pechora.
Large volume viral RNA extraction using MagMAX Viral RNA Isolation Kit v2
Authors: Bujaki Erika , Wilton Thomas , Klapsa Dimitra , Tedcastle Alison , Akello Joyce , Grassly Nick , Martin Javier
Published: November 2024

This method describes large volume nucleic acid purification from sewage concentrates starting with 1.2 mL of sample using MagMAX ‱ Viral RNA Isolation Kit. Start by preparing the reagents required for the number of samples extracted, including the controls. To perform manual extractions follow steps in Workflow A, for automated extraction using KingFisher Duo Prime device follow Workflow B and for automated extraction on King Fisher Flex machine follow Workflow C. Workflows diverge after Step 2, the initial sample processing with Lysis/Binding solution. KingFisher programs are attached for installation. Protocol version 2 is slightly edited and expanded to include workflow for KingFisher Flex, updated plate maps and listed KingFisher plasticware in the materials section.
Cultural and Situational Constraints on Undergraduate Students’ Performance of Learner Autonomy in EFL Learning
Authors: Dang Tin T.
Published: November 2024

The complexities and variations of learner autonomy in language learning, both conceptually and operationally, have been extensively examined in recent literature. With the current shift towards a social perspective, there is contemporarily greater emphasis on socio-cultural factors and their connection to local contexts. Acknowledging the significant contribution of individual preference, attitude, and motivation from a particular Asian context, the study employed a retrospective approach to understand the factors that mediated EFL students’ performance of learner autonomy in Vietnam, where learning independence has been significantly encouraged recently. The research participants were guided to talk about (i) the learning activities that they had done, (ii) their reflections on those activities, and (iii) their future plans in individual semi-structured interviews. The analysis showed that students’ performance of learner autonomy was basically mediated by attributes at personal and situational and cultural levels. Available learning opportunities, familial expectation, and examination scheme in a certain context appeared to be the most dominant factors in shaping students’ autonomous learning behaviors. Further analyses indicated a significant impact of teachers on students’ adoption of a learning activity or behavior. The study calls for a holistic approach to fostering learner autonomy in the higher education sector in Vietnam and beyond.
Uncovering the Norms of Subtitling Taboo Language Into Arabic: Two and a Half Men From Past to Present
Authors: Alkhawaja Linda , Jaradat Abdulazeez , Ghnaim Fida
Published: November 2024

Subtitling of obscene language has been the subject of extensive study in the field of audio-visual translation. Nevertheless, most studies have primarily focused on collecting quantitative and qualitative data concerning translation strategies, often overlooking the critical dimension of subtitling norms. Attempting to discern these norms presents substantial methodological challenges, as they are not readily observable. This research addresses this significant gap by meticulously observing and analyzing the norms in English-to-Arabic subtitling of taboo language within a corpus of TV episodes subtitled by independent translators on DVDs spanning the years 2003 to 2015. Through this investigation, we propose a novel methodology for comprehending the dynamic nature of translation norms and their evolution over time. Our analysis provides valuable insights into the prevalent subtitling strategies employed during two distinct historical periods, specifically 2003 and 2015. Furthermore, this research endeavors to establish a plausible norm for subtitling taboo language in the context of English-to-Arabic translation within the specified timeframes. The findings of this study not only enrich the field of audiovisual translation academically but also offer practical insights that empower practitioners with a deeper understanding of the prevailing subtitling norms. This knowledge equips them to make informed decisions during the subtitling process, ultimately enhancing the accessibility and cultural resonance of audiovisual content on a global scale.
Characteristics of Chinese Higher Education EFL Teachers' Behaviors Based on Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)
Authors: Yang Mingxing , Jeyaraj Joanna Joseph , Ahmad Norhakimah Khaiessa Binti , Yang Wei
Published: November 2024

Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) is pivotal for enhancing both learning and teaching processes, and it has garnered a share of scholarly attention in recent years, although few quantitative studies have been found on English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers of higher education in Guizhou, China. This study provides a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the integration of TPACK among EFL teachers in higher education in Guizhou province, China. A detailed EFL-TPACK framework coding protocol was employed to analyze the teaching videos of six EFL teachers with varying proficiency levels. These six teachers were selected from a survey that investigated 286 EFL teachers in higher education in Guizhou Province. The analysis categorized the teaching behaviors observed in the videos into seven distinct factors, meticulously quantifying the integration of technological (TK), pedagogical (PK), and content knowledge (CK), revealing significant disparities between the teachers. High-level teachers excelled in TPACK integration more than medium-level and low-level teachers, especially older ones. This study not only enables a deeper understanding of the practical application of TPACK in classroom settings but also emphasizes the dynamic nature of EFL-TPACK frameworks. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted professional development strategies, including comprehensive technological training, a balanced emphasis on pedagogical and content knowledge, and the establishment of collaborative learning environments. These strategies are essential for enhancing TPACK integration skills across proficiency levels.
The Motivational Divide: EFL Teachers’ Beliefs About Student Motivation
Authors: Al-Sharief Sultan M.
Published: November 2024

Researchers and practitioners typically view motivation as a key factor in successful language learning. As teachers strive to motivate their students in language classrooms, they develop divergent opinions regarding the extent to which their students are motivated. Characterizing this as a motivational divide, this study attempts to affirm the existence of this divide and closely investigate other related teachers’ beliefs that may further reinforce it. A questionnaire was employed to explore 48 English teachers’ beliefs about learner motivation. Three groups of teachers were identified: the largest percentage believed that students were motivated, followed by almost equal percentages of those who believed that students were unmotivated or those neutral. Several related beliefs seem to contribute to this divide, especially the stereotypical perceptions of Saudi students and beliefs that students do not appreciate the future value of studying English as a foreign language, along with judgments about the signs of student classroom engagement. Generally, a pattern was observed in the teachers’ responses to most statements, indicating the existence of a motivational divide. This study concludes by stressing the importance of teachers’ beliefs about learner motivation in effective motivational classroom practices.
Comparative Analysis of Linguistic Characteristics: Middle Eastern English on YouTube vis-à-vis British and American English
Authors: Ali Sadia
Published: November 2024

This research aims to compare the linguistic characteristics of Middle Eastern English with British and American English in the context of YouTube. For this purpose, the theoretical framework adopted is Biber’s Multidimensional Analysis, in which Middle Eastern English is compared with British and American English regarding language usage features. To do so, the present study considers a purposive sample of 40 YouTube videos with speakers from the Middle East, Britain, and America. The methodology entails the use of a well-planned and structured process to assess the various aspects of the language of spoken English in the videos. In the particular concern of this study, the emphasis lies on comparing Middle Eastern English and its relation to British and American English on YouTube. Specifically, the comparative analysis identifies the differences in the linguistic features due to cultural, social, and contextual factors in Middle Eastern English. Based on the findings, Middle Eastern English differs from British and American English because it is more argumentative, less abstract, less situation-bound, and less narrative. Consequently, the results of this study help analyze the current state of change in English varieties on social media and reveal the sociolinguistic aspects of the English language in relation to the video-sharing site YouTube. The study elicits a rather complex picture of how linguistic diversity comes into play with regard to the integrated and interconnected nature of today’s cyberspace communication.
SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) IN DNIPRO RIVER
Authors:   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hryha M. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The study focused on assessing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) as an indicator of pollution dynamics in the Dnipro River. It was found that the ecological and hydrochemical conditions of the Kremenchuk, Kamyanske, and Dnipro reservoirs and the water quality of drinking water intakes within them had deteriorated due to increasing BOD. In terms of temporal analysis, 2019 marked the year of the most significant changes in BOD concentrations, resulting in a reversal of long-term trends in biochemical oxygen demand distribution from decreasing to increasing for the territory from Vyshhorod to Horishni Plavni. The most significant increase in BOD was observed at the Cherkasy water intake, likely due to increased ammonium input into the water. The area between Vlasivka and Horishni Plavni, situated at the boundary of the low-flow Kremenchuk reservoir and the flowing Kamyanske reservoir, exhibited the highest BOD concentrations among the entire study area, exceeding the maximum permissible concentration in approximately 80% of cases. BOD levels in the water intakes of Kamyanske and Dnipro showed a steady rise from 2015 to 2023, with peak values in August and September. Positive correlations with phosphates and ammonium, and a negative correlation with dissolved oxygen, suggested anthropogenic influences. These findings indicate the accumulation of biogenic elements and increased oxygen demand, particularly during eutrophication events.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPLEX FOR INDIVIDUAL DOSIMETRIC CONTROL
Authors:   State University of Intelligent Technologies and Telecommunications, Odesa, Ukraine, Banzak O.V. , Sieliykov O.V. ,   Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yefimenko N.A. ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Konovalenko O.I.
Published: November 2024

At present, practically all branches of industry, many branches of science use sources of ionizing radiation (IR). Nuclear power plants, gamma plants of various capacities, flaw detectors, counters and many other equipment are widely used in the defense complex, medicine, agriculture. However, the most important sector of the use of IR in Ukraine after the elimination of nuclear combat potential is nuclear power. The country has five nuclear power plants (NPP) with reactors of two types, which generate about 40% of the country's total electricity. In this regard, the problems of dosimetry, which today have become an independent scientific and technical area of nuclear physics, are acquiring ever increasing importance. Dosimetry, in its essence, solves the problem of linking physical quantities with the expected radiation effects of the use of IR. When standardizing radiation doses for personnel in accordance with international recommendations and rules, the issue of reducing the dose costs of personnel, and, first of all, repair costs, arose sharply, since the main contribution to the collective radiation dose of NPP personnel is made by maintenance and repair work. At the initial stage, it was possible to reduce the radiation doses mainly due to the implementation of organizational measures of administrative increase in the requirements for the quality of preparation and performance of work in the controlled access area. Further reduction of personnel dose loads can be ensured by introducing ALARA principle into the NPP operation practice. To do this, it is necessary to create a system for monitoring the radiation situation and personal dosimetry, which could ensure the identification of areas with increased radioactivity and measure the full set of their parameters (at least, dose, dose rate, coordinates, time point, personal dosimeter number) in real time. without the participation of the wearer of a personal dosimeter, that is, within the framework of his normal life and without his knowledge, if the dose rate does not exceed the maximum permissible level. When this level is exceeded, the wearer of a personal dosimeter must be warned of the impending danger in order to take part in actions to overcome it, but not as an intermediary in the process of the above measurements. On the basis of this concept, a complex of individual dosimetric control is proposed in this work.
TWO-PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL PLAN WHEN STUDYING THE ROUGHNESS OF THE SILICON SURFACE DURING DEEP PLASMA-CHEMICAL ETCHING OF MEMS ELEMENTS
Authors:   National Aerospace University ", Koshevoy N.D. ,   Kharkiv Aviation Institute",   , Kharkiv, Ukraine, Malkova A.V. ,   National Aerospace University "Kharkiv Aviation Institute", Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

In science and technology, the need for the rational use of the labor of scientists and engineers, as well as the means of production - technical equipment and materials - is growing more and more. One of the ways to increase the productivity of scientific work is the use of advanced mathematical methods and computational tools. These methods include experiment planning. Its high-quality and optimal implementation allows us to successfully solve scientific, production and technological problems. Currently, various planning methods are widely used in research. The planning of an experiment involves a simultaneous change in all factors affecting the process under study, which makes it possible to establish the degree of interaction of factors and to reduce the number of experiments. It is advisable to conduct experiments with minimal cost. But at the same time, when planning, another important criterion is time. This is especially true when examining expensive and time-consuming processes. Therefore, the goal of experiment planning is to create a scheme that is necessary to obtain as much information as possible at the lowest cost and with a short study duration. More precisely, the planning of an experiment can be defined as a procedure for choosing the number and conditions of experiments that are necessary and sufficient to solve the problem with the required accuracy. An important advantage is its versatility, suitability in most areas. Object of research: the processes of optimizing the plans of a multifactorial experiment in terms of cost and time costs. Subject of research: a two-parameter optimization method developed on the basis of a gravity search algorithm using a generalized criterion of cost and time of the experiment. In the study of the roughness of the silicon surface in the processes of deep plasma-chemical etching of MEMS elements, the operability and efficiency of the two-parameter optimization method were analyzed in comparison with the initial and optimal experimental plans (without taking into account the generalized criterion).
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE GAME MODEL WITH TWO-SIDED TRACKING FOR THE CASE OF VARIOUS DIMENSIONAL DATA
Authors:   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Semchak O.M. , Maksimenko Yu.A. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Mamich V.V. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Sharshatkin D.Y. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Dushkin Y.G. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine
Published: November 2024

The widespread use in modern conditions of combat simulation simulation systems during their use in standardized decision-making procedures leads to an increase in the effectiveness and quality of simulation simulation systems. In the study, an analysis of solutions of game models of conducting a two-sided game with opposing interests was carried out, for the case when the numerical values have a multidimensional nature. In addition, work was carried out on the development and improvement of the game model of the two-sided game. The relevance of the work is due to the widespread implementation of combat simulation systems as software for computer systems with Android and Windows operating systems. The paper examines the definition of ways to implement rational mixed strategies in a complex system as game models of conducting a two-sided game with opposing interests with a saddle point. In these systems, numbers are represented with a floating point. It has been clarified how the specifics of the representation of numbers affect the results of modeling when multidimensional data are used. The results of the work will make it possible to exclude unreliable results of simulation modeling when they are used in standardized decision-making procedures. It is shown that using the maximin strategy, stable game cycles were formed only taking into account the values of the elements of the matrix of transition probabilities. This is achieved by forming a game of values of the output data for which consist only of zeros and ones. Under these conditions, there are two tasks. This is a study of the influence of features of the representation of floating-point numbers on simulation results. And the development and improvement of game models of combat simulation simulation systems to eliminate the negative impact of their errors on the results of using standardized decision-making procedures. As a result of research, a game model with two-way tracking for the case of multidimensional data has been improved. The improved model differs from the known ones by using as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the technological control system the set of all the achieved results of the functioning of the executing elements of the subsystem.
İZMİR LİMANI’NA DEMİRYOLLARIYLA TAŞINAN EMTİANIN NİCEL BİR ANALİZİ ( 1901 – 1908)
Authors: Yılmaz Emrah
Published: November 2024

İzmir, 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren Doğu Akdeniz’in en önemli ihraç limanlarından biri haline gelmiştir. İzmir Limanı’nın 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren dikkate değer bir ihracat limanı olmasında Anadolu coğrafyasında işletmeye açılan ilk demiryolu hatları İzmir – Kasaba [Turgutlu] ve İzmir – Aydın Demiryolu hatlarının önemli bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Aynı yıl işletmeye açılan bu demiryolu hatları hem İzmir ticaret hadlerinde önemli bir artışa sebep olmuş hem de Osmanlı’nın çevreleşme ya da diğer ifadeyle periferileşme sürecine hizmet etmiştir. Bilindiği üzere demiryolları, kırsal üretim alanlarını meta üretim sürecine sokarken aynı zamanda daha gelişmiş ekonomilerin çevre ülkelerdeki ekonomilerini kendilerine bağlaması sonucunu doğurmuştur. Bu anlamda, İzmir’in hinterlandındaki mahaller 1860’ların ortasından itibaren İzmir Limanı’na tarımsal ürünler ile gıda maddelerinin diğer bir ifadeyle birincil ürünlerin tedarikinde önemli bir rol üstlenmiş, bu durum İzmir’in ve doğal olarak Osmanlı ekonomisinin Avrupa ve diğer Batılı devletlerle ticari ilişkilerinde birincil ürünlerin ihracatına/uzmanlaşmasına dayalı bir ekonomik ilişki yaratmıştır. Araştırmamız, bu anlamda Anadolu coğrafyasında işletmeye açılan ilk demiryolu hatlarından yola çıkarak 20. yüzyılın ilk yıllarından II. Meşrutiyet’e kadar olan dönemde İzmir hinterlandında bulunan bölgelerden demiryollarıyla İzmir Limanı’na taşınan tarımsal ürün, gıda maddeleri ile ticari emtianın neler olduğuna ve bunların yıllık bazda toplam hacimlerine odaklanarak İzmir Limanı’na demiryollarıyla bu yıllarda toplamda ne kadar ürün taşındığına ve İzmir’in ihracat odaklı bir liman olmasında bu ürünlerin önemine değinecektir. Ayrıca ilgili yıllardaki ihracat rakamları da kullanılarak demiryollarıyla taşınan emtia ile ihracat ürünlerinin ilişkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
THE BRAIN OF THE ORGANIZATION: TALÂT PASHA
Authors: Babacan Hasan
Published: November 2024

Mehmet Talât Pasha, the most important figure of the Committee of Union and Progress, was born in Edirne in 1874. Although known as a Pasha in history, Talât Pasha had started civil service as a civil servant at Edirne Post-Telegraph Administration and he was called a Pasha since he became a Grand Vizier, according to the rules of the Ottoman Empire.
In Thessaloniki, where he was exiled as an officer of Post-Telegraph, he became a founder of the Ottoman Society of Liberty with the influence of his brother-in-law İsmail Yörük and his other friends. Thus, the Committee, which initially operated as an underground organization, got stronger and became the Committee of Union and Progress as the Military staff in Rumelia began to become members of the Committee and the process which led to the declaration of the Second Constitutional Monarchy was experienced.
Following the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy on July 24, 1908, Talât Pasha entered the parliament as the Edirne Member of Parliament. He became the minister of Internal Affairs in the government that was established after the Bâbıâlî Raid. Before and during the First World War, as the minister of Internal Affairs, he dealt with the issue of immigrants from the Balkans, the issue of Armenians and especially the issue of forced Armenian migration.
He became the Grand Vizier on February 4, 1917. During his Office as Grand Vizier while the Frist World War was continuing, he dealt with problems such as the subsistence of the army and cities. Towards the end of the war, on the night of November 2, following the Armistice of Mudros, he left İstanbul with the leaders of the Union and Progress. He moved to Germany and continued his political activities during the days he lived in Berlin. On March 15, 1921, he was killed by an Armenian terrorist. On February 20, 1943, his body was brought to Turkey and buried at Hürriyet-i Ebediye hill.
17. YÜZYIL ŞAİRİ SELİMİ VE NAZM-I NESEB-İ NEBİ ADLI MESNEVİSİ
Authors: Tozlu Musa
Published: November 2024

Klasik Türk şairleri Hz. Peygamber’e olan sevgi ve saygısını, onun övgüsünde çok sayıda manzum ve mensur eser ortaya koyarak göstermeye çalışmışlardır. Bu eserler genellikle na’t, mevlid, hilye, siyer, miraciye, kırk ve yüz hadis gibi çok tercih edilen edebî türlere aittir. Bu çalışmaya konu olan eser ise ilk örneğine Hoca Ahmed Yesevî’nin hikmetlerinde rastlanan ve çok da tercih edilmeyen bir tür olan nesebnamedir. Nazm-ı Neseb-i Nebî adlı eser aruzun fe‘ilâtün / fe‘ilâtün / fe‘ilün kalıbıyla yazılmış iki yüz beyitlik bir mesnevidir. Hz. Peygamber’in temiz soyunun kronolojik olarak övgüsünün yapıldığı eser, okuyucuya bilgi vermek amacıyla didaktik ve tahkiyevî bir üslupla yazılmıştır. Eserin müellifi 17. yüzyılda yaşamış mevlevî şair Selîmî’dir. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde nesep (soy) kavramı hakkında bilgiler verildikten sonra klasik Türk edebiyatında Hz. Peygamber’in nesebine dair yazılmış şiir örneklerinden bahsedilmiştir. Birinci bölümde Selîmî’nin hayatı hakkındaki sınırlı bilgiler verilmiştir. İkinci bölümde Nazm-ı Neseb-i Nebî adlı eser tertip şekli, vezin, kafiye ve redif, dil ve üslup ile muhteva başlıkları altında incelenerek öne çıkan özellikler belirtilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde ise eserin iki nüsha (İstanbul Üniversitesi Nadir Eserler Kütüphanesi Türkçe Yazmalar Numara 9288 ve 621) üzerinden hazırlanan tenkitli metni verilmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise çalışmaya konu olan mesnevinin, mevcut bilgilere göre nesebname türünde müstakil ve Türkçe olarak kaleme alınan ilk eser olduğu vurgulanmıştır.
Tophane Konferansı’na Giden Süreçte Şarki Rumeli Vilayetinin İlhakının Diplomatik Boyutu (18 Eylül 1885-5 Kasım 1885)
Authors: Hasanoğlu Ergün
Published: November 2024

93 Harbi’ne son vermek amacıyla 3 Mart 1878 tarihinde Ayastefanos’ta yapılan ön antlaşma, “Büyük Slav Devleti”nin kuruluşunun ilanı niteliğindeydi. Ancak Büyük Güçler arasındaki çıkar çatışmaları, 13 Temmuz 1878 tarihli Berlin Antlaşması’nın imzalanmasına yol açtı. Bu antlaşma ise Bulgarları memnun etmedi. Berlin Antlaşması’nın imzalanmasıyla birlikte Ayastefanos Antlaşması’nın öngördüğü sınırlara ulaşmak için Bulgarların önünde iki hedef belirdi. Bunlardan ilki Makedonya, diğeri ise Şarki Rumeli Vilayeti idi. Söz konusu vilayetin 18 Eylül 1885 tarihinde ilhak edilmesi, Bulgarlar için bir hedefe ulaşıldığı anlamına gelmekteydi. II. Abdülhamid, Berlin Antlaşması’nın kendisine tanıdığı yetkiye dayanarak bölgeye asker gönderebilirdi. Ancak sultan bu kararı almadı. Meselenin çözümünde başvurduğu yöntem diplomasiydi. Padişah, Büyük Güçlerin temsilcileri ve Osmanlı yetkililerinin katılacağı bir konferansın düzenlenmesine karar verdi. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Şarki Rumeli Vilayetinin ilhakıyla bağlantılı olaylar silsilesinin yalnızca bir boyutunu incelemektir. Bu açıdan çalışmanın kapsamı vilayetin ilhak edildiği 18 Eylül 1885 tarihinden Tophane Konferansı’nın başladığı 5 Kasım 1885 tarihine kadardır. Çalışmanın ana kaynağını Osmanlı ve Bulgar arşiv belgeleri oluşturmaktadır
Osmanlı Sefer Hazırlıkları Sırasında Toplanan Bazı Vergi Türleri ve 1592-1617 Yılları Arasında Vergilerin Tahsilinde Yaşanan Birtakım Aksaklıklara Dair Tespitler
Authors: Seslikaya Ali
Published: November 2024

Başlangıçta savaş gibi olağanüstü zamanlarda alınan avarız türü vergiler, 16. yüzyılın sonuna doğru sürekli hâle getirilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde ilk dönemlerde nüzül adı altında hububat cinsinden bir vergi alınırken seferlerin uzun sürmesi ve fazla cephe olması üzerine askerin diğer ihtiyaçları için sürsat, iştira, bedel-i kürekçi gibi yeni vergiler getirildi. Bu vergilerin yetersiz olması üzerine de insanın olduğu yerde doğal olarak sistemin aksaması mümkündür. Eşkıya grupları, vergi toplamakla görevli devlet memurları ve vergi vermemek için -haklı veya haksız- bahaneler bulan halk, vergi tahsilinin aksamasında önemli rol oynuyordu. Devlete alenen isyan eden şakilerin yanında vergi tahsili sırasında reayaya sıkıntı veren bir diğer grup da devlet memurlarıydı. Bunun dışında vergi memurları sefer olmadığı hâlde sefer olduğu bahanesiyle uydurma defterlerle para toplayarak da reayayı zor duruma sokmuşlardır. Vergi çeşitlendirilerek halktan sürekli ve ağır gelen vergiler alınması reayanın tepkilerine yol açmış, kimileri şaki gruplara katılmış, kimisi de vatanlarını terk ederek (cela-yı vatan) mukabelede bulunmuşlardır.
KONYALI ACZÎ’YE AİT BİR NAʻT-I MEVLÂNÂ
Authors: İnan Ömer Suat
Published: November 2024

Edebiyatımızda şairler tarafından Hz. Muhammed’i (sav) övmek maksadıyla yazılan şiirlere naat ismi verilmiştir. Zamanla naat başlığı altında diğer din ve tasavvuf büyükleri için de övgüler yazılmıştır. Bu başlık altında hakkında methiye yazılan şahsiyetlerden biri de büyük mutasavvıf şair Mevlâna Celâleddin-i Rûmî’dir (ö. 672 / 1273). 1882-1965 yılları arasında Konya’da yaşamış olan yazar, ressam ve şair gibi nitelikleri haiz İbrahim Aczî Kendi, edebiyat ve tasavvuf tarihinde çok önemli bir yere sahip olan, ünü sınırları ve zamanı aşan Mevlâna için “Der-Na’t-ı Mevlâna-yı bî-hem-tâ Kuddise Sırruhû” başlığı ile bir naat kaleme almıştır. İbrahim Aczî’nin kaleme aldığı bu manzum methiyenin üç nüshası bulunmaktadır. Nüshalar, Konya Yusuf Ağa Yazma Eser Kütüphanesinde yer almaktadır. Mevlâna muhibbi İbrahim Aczî, yazdığı naatı ilk olarak Farsça kaleme almış, daha sonra bu naatın Türkçe manzum çevirisini yapmıştır. Makalenin girişinde naat türü hakkında bilgi verilmiş, Mevlâna’nın hayatı ve Osmanlı şiirindeki yeri ana hatları ile açıklanmıştır. İbrahim Aczî’nin hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verildikten sonra Na’t-ı Mevlâna’nın nüshaları tanıtılmıştır. Nüsha tavsifinin ardından metin şekil ve muhteva yönünden incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda naatın
TEREKE KAYITLARINA GÖRE GUREMÂ USULÜ VE SERVET-BORÇ İLİŞKİSİ: BURSA ÖRNEĞİ (1703-1710)
Authors: Gündüz Oğul Muazzez
Published: November 2024

Osmanlı toplumunda insanların kurduğu sosyal ve ekonomik ilişkilerin incelenmesi dönemin anlaşılabilmesi için önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda bu çalışma söz konusu ilişkilerin yalnızca bir parçasını teşkil eden borç-borçlanma veyahut başka bir deyişle servet-borç ilişkisini guremâ usulü ile ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Sunulan çalışmanın temel kaynağını XVIII. yüzyıl başlarına ait Bursa şeriye sicilleri içerisinde yer alan terekeler ve yine aynı tarihlerle ilişkilenen fetva mecmuaları oluşturmaktadır. Osmanlı tarih literatüründe terekeleri merkeze alan çalışmalar genellikle kişilerin sahip olduğu mal varlıklarının bir envanteri ve değerlendirmesi şeklindedir. Bu makalede ise mevcut diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak guremâ usulünün ne olduğu ve uygulamasının nasıl yapıldığı fetva mecmuaları ve şeriye sicilleri ekseninde analiz edilmektedir. Yapılan analizlerde, servet miktarları ne olursa olsun, kayıtlarda geçen kişilerin borçlarının tamamının ödenemediği tespit edilmiştir. Ünvan-statü kapsamında değerlendirildiğinde ise hangi sınıfa mensup olursa olsun, hemen her kesimden insanın toplumsal ilişkilerinde izole bir dünyada yaşamadığı, farklı etnisiteden kişilerle de ilişki ağı içerinde bulunduğu yapılan tespitler arasındadır.
Rising authoritarianism and changing education policies of 21st century Turkey
Authors: Ertem Ece Cihan
Published: November 2024

This paper conceptualises rising authoritarianism in Turkey under the conservative ruling party, AKP, and its Sunni-Islamist educational policies. It scrutinises the Islamisation of early childhood and primary-secondary school education during the recent authoritarian turn. The discourse of ‘raising a religious generation’ entails reframing the Turkish secular education system into a Sunni Islam model. The article first situates early childhood, primary, and secondary school policies and discusses five major policy alterations during the contemporary authoritarianism of the AKP: restructured Preacher’s Schools (Imam-Hatip Schools), the 4+4+4 system, cooperation with Islamic sects, implementation of values education, and public Islamic kindergartens.
Detecção de Manifestações Patológicas em Pavimento Asfáltico por Meio de Drone
Authors: Carvalho Eber Luiz  Arruda de , Teixeira Noelto da Cruz , Almeida Geraldo Antônio Gomes de , Carvalho Douglas Macena de
Published: November 2024

O uso de pavimento asfáltico para o deslocamento de veículos de carga e pessoas é de grande importância para o desenvolvimento de uma região ou de um país, no qual estratégias que permitem atenuar os problemas constantes na pista de rolamento, prolongando sua vida útil devem ser empregadas. O mapeamento para detecção de manifestações patológicas com o emprego de Aeronave Remotamente Pilotada (ARP) popularizada como drone para estudos na área de pavimentação urbana com a finalidade de manter a qualidade e possibilitar o prolongamento de sua vida útil apresenta, ainda, em estágio inicial no sistema de transporte brasileiro. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as imperfeições mais comuns em um trecho pavimentado da Avenida Archimedes Pereira Lima na cidade de Cuiabá-MT e verificar a eficácia da câmera RGB (Red, Green e Blue) na identificação dos defeitos encontrados de acordo com a Norma DNIT 005/2003 –TER (Defeitos nos pavimentos flexíveis e semirrígidos Terminologia). Foram identificadas manifestações patológicas como panelas, desgastes, remendos e trincas e foram comparadas medidas de distâncias tomadas na imagem fotogramétrica com as medidas efetuadas na via pavimentada com revestimento asfáltico para cada manifestação detectada. Os resultados encontrados remetem potencialidade ao drone na detecção destas manifestações patológicas, indicando a falta de conservação e manutenção apropriada da via.
Palavras-chave: Sensoriamento Remoto. Mavic 2. Revestimento Asfáltico. Cuiabá.
Abstract
The use of asphalt pavement for the displacement of freight vehicles and people is of great importance for the development of a region or a country where strategies that allow to mitigate the constant problems on the roadway, prolonging its useful life must be employed. Mapping to detect pathological manifestations using a Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) popularized as a drone for studies in the area of urban paving in order to maintain quality and enable the extension of its useful life is still at an early stage in Brazilian transport system. In this sense, the objective of this work is to identify the most common imperfections in a paved section of Avenida Archimedes Pereira Lima in the city of Cuiabá-MT and to verify the effectiveness of the RGB camera (Red, Green and Blue) in identifying the defects found according to the Standard DNIT 005/2003 –TER (Defects in flexible and semi-rigid pavements Terminology). Pathological manifestations such as potholes, wear, patches and cracks were identified and distance measurements taken on the photogrammetric image were compared with measurements taken on the road paved with asphalt for each manifestation detected. The results found refer to the drone potential in detecting these pathological manifestations, indicating the lack of conservation and appropriate maintenance of the route.
Keywords: Remote Sensing. Mavic 2. Asphalt Coating. Cuiabá.
Distraction Osteogenesis and It’s Orthodontic Implications: A Review
Authors: Kambale Sahil , Handa Amit , Bhagwan Nikita , Saudagar Siddeek , Srivastava Himanshu , Sarda Aditi
Published: November 2024

istraction osteogenesis is used synonymously with “Osteo-distraction”, “Trans osseous synthesis” or “bone lengthening”. With the advent of newer techniques in field of orthodontics and oral and maxillofacial surgery, Distraction osteogenesisis ever evolving entity. The methods and approaches used in craniofacial distraction are always changing. We now have a better grasp of the histological and biochemical reaction at the site of distraction.[1] “Distraction osteogenesis is ever evolving entity. The methods and approaches used in craniofacial distraction are always changing. We now have a better grasp of the histological and biochemical reaction at the site of distraction. Distraction osteogenesis involves a different series of events from normal fracture healing, and a better understanding of these differences has allowed us to select patients who are good candidates for distraction osteogenesis. The availability of distractors in a variety of forms and styles has also been made easier by recent advancements in manufacturing techniques, which are currently altering the treatment of numerous craniofacial deformities. These days, patients are willing to endure the pangs essential for their perfect esthetics.[2] Treatment outcomes have become more predictable due to innovative approaches to care, the simultaneous correction of several craniofacial abnormalities at many osteotomy sites, and improved surgical accuracy made possible by digital imaging.[3] The purpose of this review article is to summarize distraction osteogenesis under various headings. Conclusion: Distraction Osteogenesis, opens a new plethora of treatment and outcomes. Although the need for conventional mandibular and maxillary osteotomies will always persist, distraction osteogenesis tends to pave way for newer treatment approach for craniofacial abnormalities for orthodontist and oral surgeons as well.
Unusual Presentation of Diffuse large β-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Lymphoma with diagnostic challenges DLBCL Lymphoma
Authors: Devi Dr. Seema , Kumar Dr. Abhishek , Minakshi Dr. Priti
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Worldwide diffused β cell lymphoma is the commonest type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma about 31% of all non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Median age reported for diffuse large β-cell lymphoma 60 to 70 years of age. Extra nodal diffuse large β-cell lymphoma reported in about 30% cases and most common site were found gastrointestinal tract skin and soft tissue bone or Genito urinary tract, head and neck region. Extra nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma only represented in 10% cases. Case Study: Patients presented with complaint of focal neurological deficit vomiting, headache nausea and status seizures with behavioural and mental change and 27-year-old male presented with difficulty pain while walking for last 1.5 months. Discussion: Musculoskeletal Lymphomas are predominantly a manifestation of lymphoma dissemination. Extra nodal Lymphomas commonly involved skin, head and neck and gastrointestinal tract. Lymphomas rarely involved skeletal system. Most common radiological finding with Extra-Nodal lymphoma are blastic lesion and lytic lesion, sometimes mixed lesion with lytic and blastid. Primary central nervous system lymphoma usually originates from cerebellum, spinal cord, Pia matter, Retina or optic nerve. Manifestation of lymphoma in skeletal muscles is rare, usually they involve gluteal muscles and pelvis. Conclusion: Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Lymphoma often misdiagnosed as Brain tumour and this delays proper treatment and confirmation of diagnosis. Immunohisto-chemistry examination is mandatory to achieve confirm diagnosis.
Immunotherapy before and after liver transplantation, where are we now?
Authors: Au Kin , Chok Kenneth
Published: November 2024

Background: There is limited evidence on safety and efficacy on immunotherapy use before and after liver transplantation. Methods: A literature review was performed to identify patients who received immunotherapy before and after liver transplantation. We reviewed the rejection rate and risk factors of rejection. In patients treated for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the oncological outcomes were evaluated including response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival. Results: We identified 97 patients from 41 publications. The rejection rate was 36% (n = 35), and graft loss occurred in 11 patients (11%). Forty-four patients received immunotherapy before undergoing a liver transplantation. Among them patients who experienced rejection were transplanted earlier following their last dose of immunotherapy, with a median time of 2.9 weeks compared to 8.3 weeks in patients without rejection (p<0.001). Fifty-three patients had a prior liver transplantation and subsequently received immunotherapy. Among them patients who developed acute rejection received immunotherapy earlier after transplantation, with a median duration of 2.9 years compared to 4.0 years in patients without rejection (p = 0.04). Graft Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity was more frequent among patients with acute rejection (100% vs. 0%) (p=0.005). In patients treated for recurrent HCC, those with treatment response were patients who received treatment at a later interval from transplant (median time of 4.5 vs. 2.2 years, p=0.02). Conclusions: Rejection risk remains the major obstacle to immunotherapy use for patients with liver transplant. Shorter interval between immunotherapy and transplant are associated with increased risk of acute rejection.
Soil Degradation Effects on Human Malnutrition and Under-Nutrition
Authors: Lal Rattan
Published: November 2024

Fertile and productive soil is a finite, fragile and precious resource. Soil health and its productive capacity are dependent on land use and management. Among primary causes of soil degradation are physical (decline of soil structure, crusting, compaction, hard-setting, erosion by water and wind, drought), chemical (salinization, acidification, elemental imbalance, nutrient depletion), biological (decline in soil organic matter content, decline in activity and species diversity of soil biodiversity, buildup of pests and pathogens) and ecological [(decoupling and disruption of coupled cycling of water and essential elements such as N, P, S, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Se, I, Mo) and imbalance of energy and water]. Soil degradation is also affected by civil strife and political instability. Indeed, soil health is a victim of any war. Modern war based on explosives and heavy equipment leads to compaction, cratering, pollution and contamination with adverse effects on quality and quantity of food and its nutritional composition. Contamination of soil by heavy metals (Hg, Pb, As) is a serious health hazard for human and wildlife. Restoration of contaminated and polluted soil may occur at decadal and centennial scale. There is strong need for change in curricula from kindergarten to primary and secondary school regarding the importance of soil and environment on human health and wellbeing. Soil Health Act must be enacted and implemented to protect and sustainably manage the precious soil resource. Public awareness must be enhanced about the importance of healthy diet as medicine.