bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Be and How Not To Be: The Challenges Of Nation-Building in Nigeria
Authors: Falode Adewunmi J.
Published: September 2019

The work is the analysis of both the various nation-building challenges that have confronted Nigeria since independence and the possible ways the country can overcome them. The dream of Nigeria since independence in 1960 is to turn itself into a viable and cohesive nation. This has become an impossible dream however due to a myriad of challenges. Nigeria is a multi-ethnic society with over 250 ethnic groups. Each of these ethnic groups also have religious and economic issues that separates them from one another.  Nigeria’s diversity has been a major obstacle in its drive to become a global and responsible player in the international community. By using the qualitative research methodology, the work identified various challenges, such as corruption, autarky, governance and distribution that have been the major barriers to the creation of a viable polity. The style used in the study is also historical, descriptive and analytical. Crucially, the study also used the concept of nation-building as its Theoretical Framework. This has made it possible for the work to highlight and posit specific pragmatic and logical ways Nigeria can overcome its nation-building challenges and emerge a viable, cohesive and functional polity in the 21st century.
Dominasi Kuasa pada Pemilihan Kepala Desa Serentak di Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan Provinsi Maluku Utara
Authors: Wance Marno , Djae Raoda M.
Published: September 2019

Political power occurring in the village heads elections is a part of political power contestation wave started simultaneously in 2015. South Halmahera Regency is one of the regions participating in this political power contestation. At the contestation process, it is seen that the village residents are divided into some divisions based on their political choices. This situation continues to happen in the simultaneous village head elections in South Halmahera Regency in 2016. It attracts political actors to be involved in intervening power and dominance to win the contestation. Therefore, political power is used to carry out the basis of consolidation for winning the elections. This political power treats long-term power because the greater base of political power at the village level has been formed. The expected benefit of this study is to expand our horizon on political power issues, particularly in the village head elections context. Practically, this study can contribute to study material from various interested parties to analyze electoral conflicts that occur at the lowest level such as at Babang Village and Marabose Village. Besides that, the study also sees the involvement of regional actors and local governments in intervening to dominate power using the authority they have.
Media Sosial dan Budaya Politik Generasi Milineal dalam Pemilu
Authors: Komariah Kokom , Kartini Dede Sri
Published: September 2019

Social media nowadays has been crutial part of human being life particularly for the genarations those are so called millenial. The massive use of social media is not merely functioned for the social purpose such as information sharing among them but also has been used for business and economic or even political purposes. The local election of the Jawa Barat province in the year of 2018 is a moment where the millineal generation functioned the social media such as facebook and whattsap for the political purposes. This article discusses the phenomenon of using internet-based social media as an instrument in political communication and campaigning in the local election of West Java Province in 2018 as well as discussing the effectiveness of the media contents in shaping the pattern of millennial generation political behavior. The research adopts is qualitative approach by taking the object of research on political communication, as well as culture and political behavior. The main informants from this study were beginner voters who also catogerisaed as the group of the millennial generation. This study found that social media contents in general became an important instrument in shaping the pattern of political behavior of the millennial generation. The roles of the media for instance are indicated that current life of the millennial generation that cannot be separated from such media, social media contents provides political knowledges about profiles of candidates in local election, social media content provided political education both related to the technical implementation of the election and also the vision and mission of the candidates and, millennial generation have their respective communities which they make as a forum for discussion about the social media contents.
Communication Within and Among Faith-Based Organizationsin Community Empowerment Program
Authors: Rachim Hadiyanto A. , Nurwati Nunung , Basar Gigin G. K.
Published: September 2019

The issue of this research is concerning the communication within and among Zakat Management Organizations (OPZs) as Faith-Based Organization (FBO). The main research problem is how OPZ(s) can successfullydevelop cooperationin increasing both public trust and institutional productivity. Interpretive Approach through Social Construction Theory was used as a reference to see the process of organizational communication through OPZ’s communicator ethos. The research method used was qualitative with a technique of case study, and informants were from OPZ’s West Java unit. The results showed that the communicator ethos as a source of credibility in communicationwithin and among OPZs, derived from Islamic Teachings, applicable (positive)laws, and basic guidelines of OPZs, can produce organizational values as the basis of implementing cooperation in community empowerment programs. Cooperation among OPZsin an empowerment program is more related to personal power and interpersonal power aspectsthan to political power aspect. There is a need to strengthen openness and mutual trust values among the OPZs, changes in zakat regulation, more transparent, accountable and equitable governance in order to increase trust, realization of zakat potentials, and prosperity.
Model Strategi Pengembangan Sosial Radio Komunitas dalam Mitigasi Bencana Di Kawasan Gunung Kelud
Authors: Huda Anam Miftakhul
Published: September 2019

This study reviewed about the importance of the existence of community radio in disaster-prone areas to maintain the existence of this radio, this community radio conducts social development, specifically in the field of disaster mitigation and information for surrounding communities. The existence of community radio is important as a means of various informations and to strengthen brotherhood in the community. Jangkar Kelud  community radio is mass media engaged in broadcasts in the kelud area, namely in Blitar Regency, Malang Regency and Kediri Regency, this radio was formed by a group of people in the Kelud area, the problem is the death threat of the existence of radio station. It is useless when disaster no longer occurs, but the benefits of community radio are not when a disaster occurs but radio as a disaster mitigation media are very important continuously to convey awareness to the community. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, by adopting observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this study are, the strategy of building familiarity between residents and the Jangkar Kelud Community, Strategy to Build External Support, Disaster Learning Strategies from an Early Age because it is assets to instill the caring sosil value  in the Kelud Mountain area from early childhood.
How To Analyze Local Wisdom Contains In The Novel Series And Their Relation With The Author’s Society
Authors: Polii Intama J.
Published: September 2019

The literary is a type of original work by the author, as an impression of the life combined under the power of imagination and the creativity supported by the experience and life observation. The authors who live amidst society appreciate the intricate details in the secular society presence. This research discusses the method to analyze local wisdom contains in the novel series and their relationship with the author’s society. The sample novel series used in this study entitled Padang Bulan (PB) and Cinta Dalam Gelas (CDG) by Andrea Hirata, one of Indonesia’s novelist. The analysis combines the analytic-descriptive techniques, the content analysis, and the hermeneutics. The local wisdom and their contradiction can be traced and uncovered in light of the author's idea, which represents his society. It concludes that this method is easy to apply to other similar stories. It can help the readers understand the purpose of the story more accessible. The conflicting interest and the local wisdom can be compelling to be studied, while we can take the real lessons and the knowledge of another culture and their perspective to solve the issues of their life. Many of the analysis traces the explanation only and forget the true wisdom contains in every stories and matter
Hegemoni Negara terhadap Seni Reyog Ponorogo
Authors: Harsono Jusuf
Published: September 2019

The existence of art Reyog Ponorogo until now it is a traditional art Ponorogo Regency, community pride even in politics is needed by the existence of the political elite, nevertheless the availability of the arts it politically sufficiently interesting to observe in the political dynamics localized in Ponorogo. How the political elite or the state doing my hegemony on all aspects of this art Reyog Ponorogo. This study using several methods to get clarification on the problems on some of them are with the interview, observation, and documentation. The result showed that elite politics or the state has made various ways to Hegemony art Reyog Ponorogo as a mass mobilization of effective local. especially in the dynamics of politics.
Penataan Struktur dan Kewenangan Komisi Pemilihan Umum, Badan Pengawas Pemilu dan Dewan Kehormatan Penyelenggara Pemilu Dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Pemilihan Umum yang Demokratis di Indonesia
Authors: Warjiyati Sri
Published: September 2019

The General election or in other terms called Election is an absolute requirement to carry out people's sovereignty for a democratic country and to establish itself as a democratic state. An election is used to be democratic or not, depends by the existence of an election organizing body or institution. In order to realize quality and capacity elections, professional electoral institutions are also needed. However, this will be difficult to realize if the electoral institutions itselves, between the General Election Commission (KPU), the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) and the Election Administrators Honorary Council (DKPP) are having differences in opinion continually. This difference in opinion occurs because of the lack of clarity regarding the mechanism of organizing the election in the general election organs,  so that the regulation must be corrected and explicitly clarified about the authority and responsibility of each general election organs. This research uses normative laws by the laws the election approach. The purpose of this research as a critic between KPU, Bawaslu and DKPP to carry out their authority by clarifying the mecanism of election management. With the explanation above, the author concludes that, between the KPU, Bawaslu and DKPP have to clarify their respective authority and responsibilities, so it isn’t to be a cause in differences opinion which would result in undemocratic elections.
INTEGRASI EPISTIMOLOGI HUKUM TRANSENDENTAL SEBAGAI PARADIGMA HUKUM INDONESIA
Authors: Wibowo Sugeng
Published: September 2019

Tulisan ini akan mengkaji persoalan epistimologi hukum transendental sebagai reaksi dominasi positivisme hukum beserta variabel pemicu  untuk mempercepat kontraksi paradigma  hukum Indonesian. Refleksi atas perjalanan pemikiran filsafat hokum sudah lama dimulai dan tampaknya telah mencapai titik nadir sehingga diperlukan rekonstruksi epistimologi yang lebih radikal. Akar masalah yang sedang terjadi sekarang ini adalah ketidakpercayaan terhadap konsep modernisme dalam segala aspek kehidupan.  Kehadiran pendekatan pistimologi hukum transendental menjadi titik balik dari hegemoni  positivisme  yang selama ini banyak dipersoalkan karena dampaknya yang destruktif  bagi kehidupan umat manusia.  Positivisme telah berkembang menjadi  pemikiran  mainstream hukum modern yang pada kenyataanya telah mengantar persoalan hukum menjadi salah satu penyumbang terbesar hancurnya peradaban manusia. Posisi positivisme melahirkan manusia modern tidak memiliki horizon spiritual, bukan karena horizon spiritual itu tidak ada tetapi karena manusia modern berdiri di pinggir lingkaran eksistensi yang melahirkan keterasingan pada diri sendiri. Epistimologi  hukum transendental diyakini akan banyak mendapat respon posisitif karena hadir bersamaan dengan semangat kebangkitan nilainilai spiritual serta diharapkan mampu menjadi rintisan bagi terbentuknya system hokum Indonesia yang lebih berperadaban. Bangunan epistimologi hukum transendental merupakan keniscayaan yang harus dikembangkan untuk mengangkat harkat dan martabat hukum ditengah arus pusaran perubahan paradigma ilmu pengetahuan. Beberapa pemikiran kritis memberikan peluang yang sangat memungkinkan untuk merekonstruksi paradigma hukum agar dapat berdialog dengan disiplin ilmu pengetahuan lain untuk saling memberikan penguatan karena titik persamaan pada semangat mengembangkan nilai transendensi sebagai fitrah manusia.  Kemungkinan lain adalah momen penting munculnya kesadaran pengetahuan kontemporer yang memiliki keinginan yang sama untuk mengeksplore transendensi menjadi paradigma baru. Ilmu pengetahuan eksakta telah memulai dan hasilnya menggembirakan seperti pada kedokteran, psikologi dan neorosains. Integrasi hukum transendental sebagai paradigma hukum Indonesia dapat diletakkan dalam kerangka menjaga kepercayaan dan ekspektasi masyarakat agar tetap pada keyakinannya tentang keutuhan Indonesia. Posisi epistimologi hukum transcendental sebagai  paradigma hukum Indonesia merupakan keniscayaan yang dapat diujudkan. Hal pertama yang perlu perjelas adalah mendudukan Pancasila sebagai Staatsfundamentalnorm harus dilihat sebagai bentuk pemahaman filosofi yang masih terbuka ruang untuk dialog.
The Weakness Of The Law In The Republic Of Indonesia Number 18 Year 2003 On The Advocate
Authors: Pradnyawan Sofyan Wimbo Agung
Published: September 2019

This article intends to analyze the use of the jury system in the criminal justice system of Indonesia, jury is a form of lay participation or the participation of lay that community of professional non-law in the judiciary, to make decisions which provide a more fulfilling sense of justice in society, in order to avoid the role of judges is absolute in the criminal justice process, in the legal system of modern states today dichotomy between legal systems tradition of common law or civil law is fading and towards the tendency to mix both the legal system in order to find substantive justice in the judicial process. Indonesia never make changes conceptually to the criminal justice system, so that the judicial process drab dominated the role of judges is great where law and justice seems to be the monopoly of a judge, the role of judges becomes absolute in determining aspects of the facts (fact finding) and the legal aspect in judge, legal research using law approach, conceptual, and comparative law. The results of this study is that morality is the essence of a sense of justice in society, morality can not be separated from the law, because morality is is what is considered correct by the general public, so the public will view the law as something that has no authority and can not be trusted, when morality is left in any decision of the judge in criminal justice. Entering jury in the justice system is able to raise the level of public confidence in the legal and judicial institutions that exist, because the inclusion of jury in the criminal justice system to prosecute in the aspect of fact (fact finding) addition will ease the task of the judge also made aspects of morality local is the living law in automatically entered in every decision, every decision so it is possible to better meet the sense of justice in society.
Undang-Undang Desa Sebagai Legitimasi Desa (Desa Dalam Hukum Ketatanegaraan Indonesia)
Authors: Aji Ian
Published: September 2019

Position the village in a country is very important, because the village is the spearhead of a government. The existence of the village only as a supplement to administrative, so the existence of a very backward village either of its human resources and in terms of management of natural resources are owned and infrastructure development tends to be slow. It makes villagers to make an exodus to urban areas for improvement of life. Recognition of the structure provided in the central government through a law on village administration look encouraging, but the relation to the welfare of the government does not pay attention. No wonder if the government runs a program is often different. The workload is heavy village government is not matched by right. The village as a vanguard of government, the village government should be able to overcome all the problems that arise in the community, with peace and peaceful village can increase unity and national unity of Indonesia
Legal Protection: Converting Agricultural Land To Residential Land (Legal Analysis of Agricultural Land Conversion)
Authors: Komaruddin Komaruddin , Rachmi Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut
Published: September 2019

Indonesian population growth has increased rapidly. Therefore, it needs residential land to build schools, markets, and various public places. This condition makes land conversion increase as agricultural land in Indonesia is wide and relatively easy to be converted. However, if this happen continuously, Indonesia will face endanger of food resilience. Actually, a legal instrument, Law Number 41 of 2009 on Sustainable Food Agricultural Land Protection, is a law that prevents agricultural land conversion for the sake of national food resilience Practically, agricultural land conversion unstoppable and continuously keeps happening. Therefore, judicial approach is significantly required in to comprehensively prevent agricultural land conversion.
Urgensi Perluasan Objek Praperadilan Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Perlindungan Hak Asasi Tersangka
Authors: Ihsani Ardli Nuur
Published: September 2019

This present study aims to explore the urgency of pretrial object expansion as the Constitutional Court decision No21/PUU-XII/2014 on the criminal act of corruption is issued and this decision’s suitability with the objectives of pretrial concept. This research design of this study is normative research in which it used primary and secondary sources of law as the subject of study. Moreover, these sources are analyzed by using syllogism of deductive reasoning. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that Constitutional Court Decision No 21/PUU-XII/2014 is claimed to be significant as it is viewed from the perspective of suspects’ human rights. However, in the criminal act of corruption field, this expansion of pretrial object limits the Corruption Eradication Commission in eradicating the corruption acts and results the legal uncertainty because in fact, verdicts regarding the pretrial proposal are different among each other. Besides, they could not provide the legal certainty on what case is exactly questioned in pretrial object. This is due to the high number of pretrial proposal made by the suspects by claiming that the investigator team who conduct the investigation is not authorized to do so instead of claiming of the completion of prior evidence.
ASAS RETROAKTIF YANG BERLAKU DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG PERADILAN HAM
Authors: Soegijanto Jonathan Apriliano
Published: September 2019

Asas Legalitas merupakan asas yang fundamental didalam Hukum Pidana di Indonesia yang dimuat dalam Pasal 1 Kitab Undang Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) dimana dalam bahasa latin yakni Nullum delictum, nulla poena, sine praevia, legi pounali (tiada kejahatan, tiada hukuman pidana tanpa undang-undang hukum pidana terlebih dahulu). Tetapi terhadap kejahatan tertentu yang digolongkan dalam Extraordinary Crimes seperti Pelanggaran Terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Berat (gross violation of human rights), keberadaan Asas Legalitas ini dapat dikecualikan sehingga dapat berlaku secara Retroaktif atau berlaku mundur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa jauhkah Asas Retroaktif dapat berlaku dalam pelanggaran HAM yang berat. Metode yang digunakan didalam penelitian ini adalah Doctrinal Research yaitu penelitian dengan penjelasan yang sistematis tentang aturan hukum dengan kategori hukum tertentu dan menggunakan Pendekatan perundang-undangan (Statute Approach), pendekatan konseptual (Conseptual Approach), pendekatan kasus (Case Approach) dengan tujuan akhir untuk mengetahui sampai kapan batas berlakunya suatu Asas Retroaktif dalam kasus pelanggaran HAM yang berat.
KEDUDUKAN KOMISI PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI SEBAGAI LEMBAGA NEGARA
Authors: Wardojo Mellysa Febriani
Published: September 2019

KPK sebagai lembaga Ad Hoc, sejak dibentuk tahun 2002 berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2002 Nomor 137, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4250) telah mengembalikan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap lembaga negara yang khusus menangani tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. Selama ini lembaga negara seperti POLRI maupun Kejaksaan dirasa belum efektif dan efisien dalam menanggani perkara tindak pidana korupsi. Hal tersebut yang menjadi salah satu dasar terbentuknya KPK. Disamping itu, Kata ad hoc selalu dipermasalahkan oleh beberapa oknum dssebagai salah satu cara untuk melemahkan posisi KPK sebagai lembaga negara.
PROPORSIONALITAS DALAM PENJATUHAN PIDANA TERKAIT ADANYA DISPARITAS PIDANA DALAM PERKARA NARKOTIKA
Authors: Naim Muhammad
Published: September 2019

The research entitled Principles Of Proportions In Cases Of Criminal Handling Connected With The Case Discussion Of Narcotics is aimed at different penalties relating to the proportionality of punishment under applicable constitutional rules. Judge, decision-making mechanism by the Panel of Judges, and indicted conditions. the criminal law factor is the principle of proportionality in decision making. Secondly, indicated in perpetrators of crime, crime victims. In this case, the Judge must play a role in determining matters relating law, even if the constitutional rule is unable to resolve.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF HOLDING COMPANY FOR INDONESIAN STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES (OPTION OR REQUIREMENT)
Authors: Sitorus Rolib
Published: September 2019

Sometimes, a big company that has developed business broadly needs to be divided based on their business categories. However, it will be effective if the divided, independent companies, hereby called as subsidiaries, are controlled and managed by certain central leader. Therefore, those subsidiaries and other former companies with the same owner or correlated by particular relation are managed and owned by an independent parent company. This parent company is what is defined as holding company. Holding company or parent company is a company that aims to own the shares of one or more other companies and to control them. Usually, a holding company owns many subsidiaries focusing in different field of business. Generally, there are three procedures available in the process of establishing a holding company. They are (1) residue procedure, (2) complete procedure, and (3) structured procedure.
PARKING RETRIBUTION ON THE SIDE OF THE ROAD TOWARDS THE IMPROVEMENT OF LOCALLY-GENERATED REVENUE OF NGAWI REGENCY
Authors: Sarjiyati Sarjiyati , Yitawati Krista , Arifin Zainal
Published: September 2019

The aims of this study are to know and to analyze the contribution of parking retribution on the side of the road towards the improvement of locally-generated revenue in Ngawi Regency. In addition, it is to measure the whether or not the parking retribution on the side of the road in Ngawi is in accordance with the regional regulation number 23/2011 on parking retribution on the side of the road. This study use empirical juridical research design.   The types of data used in this study are primary and secondary data. These data are obtained directly through interview, observation, and documentation. The data is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Then, it is presented in a descriptive way. The result showed that the contribution of parking retribution on the side of the road towards the improvement of locally-generated revenue in Ngawi Regency in 2013-2017 is decreased. The biggest contribution was in 2013 with 4.69%, while the lowest contribution is in 2016 with 2.104%. Nowadays, the implementation of parking service in Ngawi Regency is not in accoradance with the regulation number 23/2011 concerning parking retribution on the side of the road.
PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENEGAKAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA (HAM) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Triwahyuningsih Susani
Published: September 2019

Hak merupakan unsur normatif yang melekat pada diri setiap manusia yang dalam penerapannya berada pada ruang lingkup hak persamaan dan hak kebebasan yang terkait dalam interaksinya antara individu atau instansi. HAM adalah hak dasar yang dimiliki manusia sejak manusia itu dilahirkan. HAM dapat dirumuskan sebagai hak yang melekat pada kodrat hidup sebagai manusia. Hak ini dimiliki oleh manusia semata-mata ia manusia, bukan karena pemberian masyarakat atau pemberian negara. Maka HAM itu tidak tergantung dari pengakuan manusia lain, masyarakat lain, atau negara lain. Masalah HAM adalah sesuatu hal yang sering kali dibicarakan dan lebih diperhatikan dalam era reformasi ini. HAM lebih dijunjung tinggi dan lebih diperhatikan dalam era reformasi daripada era sebelumnya. Perlu diingat bahwa dalam hal pemenuhan hak, kita hidup tidak sendiri dan kita hidup bersosialisasi dengan orang lain. Jangan sampai kita melakukan pelanggaran HAM terhadap orang lain dalam usaha memperoleh atau pemenuhan HAM pada kita sendiri.
PILPRES RI 2019 DAN ANCAMAN SPYING ELECTION DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Prakasa Satria Unggul Wicaksana
Published: September 2019

Muncul modus operandi baru dari kegiatan mata-mata (spying) dalam bentuk intervensi terhadap hasil pemilihan Presiden (presidential election), yang bisa disebut sebagai spying election, merupakan ancaman serius terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara di era globalisasi ini. Isu hukum yang diangkat pada penelitian hukum ini adalah: (1). Apakah spying election merupakan melanggar hukum internasional dan hukum Indonesia ? (2) Bagaimana mekanisme hukum untuk menindak terhadap kejahatan spying election?. Penulisan penelitian hukum ini menggunakan pendekatan statute approach dan conceptual approach. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah: (1). Sebagai bagian dari pelanggaran hukum internasional dan hukum nasional, kegiatan spying hanya boleh digunakan sebagai strategi pada masa perang. Sehingga dengan tipologi pelanggaran yang ada, jelas spying election merupakan salah satu kejahatan terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara yang itu telah jelas diatur dalam Piagam PBB dan perjanjian internasional lainnya dan termasuk dalam KUHP milik Indonesia; (2). kejahatan spy yang masih terbatas dalam KUHP sebagai kejahatan selama masa perang, dan tidak diakomodirnya spying election dalam UU Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 yang tidak dijelaskan secara spesifik perlu diantisipasi oleh pemerintah RI dan parlemen untuk membuat peraturan hukum yang mengakomodir pelaku kejahatan tersebut untuk diadili di Indonesia dan agar tidak terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum Presiden-Wakil Presiden RI pada 2019 mendatang.
LEGALISASI PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA (PKL) STUDI USAHA LAPAK JUAL BELI EMAS DI KOTA MADIUN
Authors: Haryani Anik Tri , Martono Endro , Wardani Yashinta Mustika
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah setiap orang termasuk orang yang bukan penduduk Kota Madiun  dapat membuka lapak untuk menempati lokasi dan mengajukan usaha Pedagang Kaki Lima jual beli emas di Kota Madiun dan menganalisis akibat hukumnya apabila Pedagang Kaki Lima dalam menempati lapak atau lokasi telah melanggar Peraturan Daerah yang berlaku di Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Yuridis Normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Dalam menganalisis data menggunakan analisa kontruksi hukum dan interpretasi untuk memperoleh gambaran secara singkat dan jelas sehingga mendapatkan jawaban nyata dari permasalahan yang dibahas berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan selain penduduk yang bukan berasal dari Daerah Kota Madiun tidak bisa membuka lapak atau mengajukan permohonan Tanda Daftar Usaha jual beli emas. Setiap Pedagang Kaki Lima yang melanggar Paraturan Daerah Kota Madiun akan dikenakan sanksi administrasi dan sanksi pencabutan izin usaha.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSCENDENTAL VALUE AS AN EFFORT OF ONLINE TRANSACTION LEGAL PROTECTION IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Rizka Rizka
Published: September 2019

The digitalization of the economy sector in the industrial revolution 4.0 needs to be approached with a smart attitude so as to not bring loss to both the consumers and the business holders, by transforming the instrument of consumer rights in an updated and a better way. The development of technology has spoiled human beings in all aspects, including in muamalah. like transaction. The society’s rapid consumptive behavior becomes a business opportunity for the investors to invest their capital in the field of trade, which is also rapidly developing. The increasing demand of consumptive products pushes the popularity of online transaction. There exist hundreds of online shops, either official shops or those undergoing transaction through social media. Anyone can be owners of online shops, and the consumers can be adults, teenagers, and even children. This condition causes some problems, such as the misuse of online transaction for deception, offering products which are not the same as the real items, or worse, not sending the products after the consumer has transferred the money. The results show that in online transactions, there are many dishonest sellers who legalize all methods to practice deception, so there needs to be a connection between online transaction and religion with the hope to minimize the chance of harm for both the consumers and the sellers.
The Implication of Hotel Tax Collection towards the Increase of the Regional Original Revenue at Tangerang Regency Based on the Principle of Good Governance
Authors: Karsa Pipih Ludia , Muin Fatkhul
Published: September 2019

The law, as an important part of the society, regulates all legal aspects, which in it includes the aspect of taxation law. It must be oriented to justice in the society, therefore, the values must represent the interests of the society.  Hotels are facilities which provide services in the form of lodging/resting area, including the other services which are related, with some charge. This also includes motels, guesthouses, tourism huts, tourism guesthouses, tourism boarding houses, inns, etc., also boarding houses with more than ten rooms. Tangerang Regency is one of the areas which has a high potential in the hospitality sector to increase the Regional Original Revenue (Pendapatan Asli Daerah/PAD). Based on Tangerang Regency’s Regional Regulations No. 10 year 2010 regarding Regional Tax, the regional government of Tangerang Regency withdraws the tax of that region, in which in it includes hotel tax. The hotel tax provisions in Tangerang regency are based on that regulation, where tax are withdrawn from the hotels for the services they provide.
ANALISIS PENDEKATAN TEORI KEADILAN JOHN RAWLS DAN TEORI MORALITAS IMMANUEL KHAN TERHADAP CALEG MANTAN NARAPIDANA YANG LOLOS SEBAGAI ANGGOTA LEGESLATIF DALAM PEMILU 2019
Authors: Safira Martha Eri , Safala Udin
Published: September 2019

Tindak pidana korupsi memiliki dampak yang membahayakan bagi  kehidupan bangsa. Bahkan masalah pengentasan korupsi ini belum bisa teratasi hingga sekarang, apalagi di tahun politik ini banyak mantan napi korupsi yang maju dalam kontes politik. Hal ini menyebabkan berbagai polemik ditengah masyarakat. Apakah dengan diloloskannya mantan napi ini memberikan keadilan bagi demokrasi di Indonesia dan juga apakah dengan diloloskannya mantan napi korupsi sebagai caleg bisa memberikan kemajuan dalam perkembangan demokrasi di Indonesia atau malah sebaliknya. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pro kontranya mantan narapidana untuk menjadi caleg. Jenis penelitian ini, merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literature dan peraturan perundang-undangan, dengan analisis data secara deduktif. Hasil analisis ditinjau dari teori keadilan John Rawls, telah sesuai dengan HAM dan UU Pemilu, jadi UU Pemilu memberi ruang bagi caleg mantan narapidana korupsi untuk dapat dipilih. Sedangkan ditinjau dari teori moralitas Immanuel Khan, hal ini menyebabkan masyarakat dilema karena di satu sisi para eks koruptor terpenuhi hak pilihnya namun apakah nantinya mereka jika terpilih dapat mengemban tugas dan tanggungjawab sebagai wakil rakyat yang menjunjung kredibilitas, kejujuran, dan memberikan dampak yang positif dalam memajukan bangsa ini.
THE EXISTENCE OF MEDIATING JUDGES IN THE PROCESS OF CIVIL DISPUTE MEDIATION BASED ON THE SUPREME COURT REGULATION NO. 1 YEAR 2016
Authors: Kurniawan Wahyudi
Published: September 2019

The aims of this research are 1) to analyze the existence of mediating judges in the process of civil dispute mediation based on the Supreme Court Regulation (Peraturan Mahkamah Agung/PERMA) No. 1 year 2016 regarding the mediation procedures in court; 2) to analyze the supporting and the inhibiting factors which influence the existence of mediating judges in the process of civil dispute mediation in court.  This research is a normative juridical study with primary, secondary, and tertiary law materials. The manner and the instruments to collect the legal materials are using the method of documentation and document study. Data analysis is done by analyzing the research materials qualitatively.  The research results and discussion show that the existence of mediating judges in the process of civil dispute mediation based on the Supreme CourtRegulation No. 1 year 2016 regarding the mediation procedures in court becomes  the main choice of the parties who are in dispute. The supporting factors of the mediation by the mediating judges in a civil dispute are: human resources, economical budget, and infrastructure. The inhibiting factors of mediation by mediating judges in civil law disputes are: the parties are not present during the mediation, the number of certificated judges, and the society’s knowledge. Based on the research results and the discussion, it can be concluded that: 1) the mediation process by the mediating judges in the solving of civil law disputes becomes the main choice of the conflicting parties, 2) the supporting and the inhibiting factors which influence the existence of mediating judges in the processof mediating civil disputes are as follows: human resources, level of knowledge or  the society’s understanding, facilities and infrastructure, work burden of the judges, also the regulations in the implementation of the mediation. Suggestions regarding the results of this research are: 1) increasing the service of the mediation process by the mediating judges in court, 2) increasing the quality of the human resources, increasing the facilities and the infrastructure regarding mediation, 3) and increasing the socialization to the people regarding mediation and also the issuing of regulations on mediation which are more complete and detailed.
PENGEMBANGAN KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM MODEL KURIKULUM 2013 DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Khasanah RR. Ninik Barokatul , Widodo Hendro
Published: September 2019

The curriculum is a reference component for each education unit and directs all forms of educational activities to achieve educational goals. The curriculum becomes an absolute requirement of education and becomes an integral part of education and teaching.Muhammadiyah Jogokariyan Elementary School Yogyakarta is one of Muhammadiyah's Business Charities under the Regional Education Council of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Regional Leaders also uses 2 curricula (government curriculum and Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Regional Leadership curriculum).One of the curriculums developed at Muhammadiyah Jogokariyan Elementary School in Yogyakarta is about memorizing the Qur'an, thank God that with Tahfidz every year his students always increase and gain the trust of the community.
ANALYSIS OF SKILL COMMUNICATION AND MORAL EDUCATION MENTAL RETARDATION STUDENTS
Authors: Dewi Candra , Budiarti Melik
Published: September 2019

Communication skills and moral education are key in social interaction with others. Mentally retarded students experience a disruption in developing communication and the need to provide moral education to retarded mental students. This study aims to analyze the communication skills and moral education of mental retardation students in elementary schools. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. This study used three types of data collection techniques, including observation, documentation, and interviews. The technique used to analyze data in this study is interactive data analysis consisting of the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Based on the implementation of the study in addition to experiencing learning difficulties, mental retardation students also experience a disruption in communication. Retarded mental students have difficulty communicating with their friends and also with their teachers. The mentally retarded Shiva also has not received the maximum moral education.
Prediction of gene action content of Na, K, and Chlorophyll for Soybean Crop Adaptation to Salinity
Authors: Wibowo Fachrina
Published: September 2019

Salinity area experienced an expansion that is the caused contamination of irrigation water, seawater intrusion, drought stress and excessive uses of fertilizers.varieties is one of the plant breeding programs to resolve the salinity problem, before that, however, the breeder must know plant adaptation mechanisms in morphology, physiology and biochemical so that the plant can be categorized adapt and as having potential for the tolerant varieties. This writing aims to know the action of genes through skewness and kurtosis estimation pattern Na, K, and chlorophyll content, so it is known if plant-able to adapt with salinity. This research used a destructive analysis. (A) Anjasmoro varieties, (G) Grobogan varieties, (N) Grobogan varieties that have been through repeated selection as a comparison. Research result shows the tolerant varieties having high K + ions.
Una propuesta de marco conceptual para el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación en Entomología y ciencias afines
Authors: Farji-Brener Alejandro G.
Published: September 2019

La planificación de proyectos de investigación en Entomología es un desafío que muchos estudiantes no superan con éxito. La falta de entrenamiento formal sobre cómo desarrollar proyectos, la excesiva importancia a los análisis en vez de a las ideas y la ausencia de un marco conceptual sencillo son algunas de las posibles causas de este problema. En este ensayo se describe y discute un marco conceptual de utilidad didáctica para guiar a los estudiantes en la planificación de sus proyectos entomológicos y de otras ciencias afines. El mismo consta de tres aproximaciones y tres enfoques. Las aproximaciones propuestas son la descriptiva, deductiva observacional y deductiva experimental. La primera sirve para plantear proyectos descriptivos, en donde se descubren y describen patrones y, por ende, no es necesario proponer hipótesis previas ni hacer predicciones. Las aproximaciones deductivas emplean el método hipotético-deductivo, en donde se plantean ideas previas y sus posibles consecuencias si éstas son verdaderas; pero en el primer caso se predicen resultados provenientes de observaciones y en el segundo de manipulaciones. Se plantean tres enfoques; el comparativo, correlativo y el manipulativo. Los primeros dos enfoques pueden emplearse tanto en las aproximaciones descriptivas como deductivas observacionales, pero las manipulaciones son imprescindibles para la aproximación experimental. Todas estas aproximaciones y enfoques poseen tanto fortalezas como debilidades, son complementarias más que excluyentes y son ilustradas en el texto con un ejemplo concreto. Se espera que este marco conceptual, por su simpleza y valor didáctico, sea una herramienta pedagógica útil y práctica para docentes y estudiantes.
Distribución y enemigos naturales de la chinche de encaje del aguacate Pseudacysta perseae (Hemiptera: Tingidae) en Nayarit, México
Authors: Cambero-Ayón Carlos Bryan , Rodríguez-Palomera Marcia , Robles-Bermúdez Agustín , Coronado-Blanco Juana María , Rios-Velasco Claudio , Cambero-Campos Octavio Jhonathan
Published: September 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la distribución de la chinche de encaje Pseudacysta perseae e identificar sus enemigos naturales en huertos de aguacate del estado de Nayarit, México. Se realizaron muestreos semanales en 30 huertos comerciales con cultivares Hass, Hall y Choquette en los municipios de Xalisco, Tepic y San Blas, en el periodo de enero a julio de 2016. Los especímenes recolectados de P. perseae se trasladaron al Laboratorio de Parasitología Agrícola de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit - UAN, subsecuentemente se separaron las muestras para la obtención de parasitoides, depredadores y hongos entomopatógenos. De un total de 30 zonas muestreadas, sólo se registró la presencia de P. perseae en 20 huertos con un nivel medio de infestación de 434 huevos, 107 ninfas y 23 adultos por sitio. Se identificó un total de 175 especímenes de enemigos naturales, de ellos 61 eran parasitoides de la familia Trichogrammatidae; 58 adultos de P. perseae mostraron síntomas de infección fúngica, identificados morfológica y molecularmente como Metarhizium anisopliae y Beauveria bassiana con incidencias de 3 y 9,4 %, respectivamente. Además, se recolectaron 56 especímenes de depredadores pertenecientes a las especies Cycloneda sanguinea, Stethorus sp. y Pentilia sp.
Distinguishing Quadriceps Tendinopathy and Patellar Tendinopathy: Semantics or Significant?
Authors: Sprague Andrew , Epsley Scott , Silbernagel Karin Grävare
Published: September 2019

Jumper's knee is not synonymous with patellar tendinopathy. The term includes patellar tendinopathy and quadriceps tendinopathy. Although the patellar and quadriceps tendons work in tandem as part of the extensor mechanism of the knee, they have distinct anatomy and functional roles. As a result, there are probable differences in risk factors, etiology, and response to treatment. It is time to clinically separate patellar tendinopathy and quadriceps tendinopathy and design more specific rehabilitation programs. In this Viewpoint, the authors will (1) provide a rationale for distinguishing the 2 clinical entities—patellar tendinopathy and quadriceps tendinopathy—for treatment decision making, and (2) identify areas of research priority in quadriceps tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(9):627–630. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.0611
Acute Effects of Wedge Orthoses and Sex on Iliotibial Band Strain During Overground Running in Nonfatiguing Conditions
Authors: Day Evan M. , Gillette Jason C.
Published: September 2019

Background

Previous research has identified that iliotibial band (ITB) syndrome is more prevalent in females than in males. It has been theorized that high ITB strain rate is a primary etiological factor for developing ITB syndrome. Orthoses are commonly used to influence gait mechanics and may reduce ITB strain rate by influencing alterations in the kinematic chain.

Objectives

To identify how wedge orthoses and sex affect ITB strain and strain rate.

Methods

Thirty asymptomatic participants (15 male, 15 female) ran with 7° lateral, 3° lateral, 0° (no wedge), 3° medial, and 7° medial wedges in this within-subject, repeated-measures study. Participants ran overground while data were collected with a motion-capture system and force platform. Iliotibial band strain and strain rate were estimated using a novel 6-degrees-of-freedom musculoskeletal model. A mixed-model multivariate analysis of covariance for between-subject comparison of sex and within-subject comparison of wedge was used.

Results

There were no significant differences in ITB strain or strain rate between wedge conditions. Females had significantly higher ITB strain and strain rate compared to males.

Conclusion

Clinicians should be aware that medial wedges may not acutely alter ITB strain or strain rate. Females exhibited greater peak ITB strain and strain rate, potentially due to increased hip internal rotation compared to males. Further research is needed to investigate longitudinal effects of the wedges. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(10):743–750. Epub 31 Aug 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8837
Ekonomiczne uzasadnienie dopuszczalności przełamywania monopolu patentowego
Authors: Biga Bartłomiej
Published: September 2019

Ochrona własności intelektualnej jest realizowana głównie poprzez monopole prawne. Istnieją jednak okoliczności, w których prawo dopuszcza ich przełamywanie. W obszarze prawa własności przemysłowej są to przymusowe licencje oraz działalność organizacji standaryzacyjnych. Społeczne uzasadnienie istnienia tych wyjątków jest oczywiste. Konieczne jest jednak postawienie pytania o ich ekonomiczne uzasadnienie, gdyż osłabiają one motywację do prowadzenia działalności wynalazczej. W pewnym sensie przeczą więc głównemu celowi istnienia instytucji patentu. Przedmiotem analizy tego artykułu jest instytucja przymusowych licencji – zarówno jej podstawowa forma, której źródłem istnienia są decyzje organów administracyjnych (co ma miejsce głównie w branży farmaceutycznej), jak i wariant związany z ustanawianiem standardów, gdzie genezą obowiązku udzielenia licencji jest działalność organizacji standaryzacyjnych (czego znaczenie jest szczególnie doniosłe w telekomunikacji i informatyce). Przyjętą konwencją badawczą jest ekonomiczna analiza prawa.
Emancypacja kobiet jako kryterium oceny efektywności instrumentów mikrofinansowych
Authors: Chmielewski Piotr
Published: September 2019

Artykuł stanowi krytyczną analizę teorii o wysokiej skuteczności mikrokredytu jako narzędzia polityki rozwojowej ukierunkowanej na emancypację kobiet. Za wyznaczniki wysokiej efektywności instrumentów mikrofinansowych w wspieraniu praw społecznych i ekonomicznych kobiet uznawane są: wysoka spłacalność kredytów, ich wpływ na zatrudnienie i podnoszenie dochodu oraz wzrost konsumpcji. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na niebezpieczeństwo bezkrytycznego przyjmowania tychże przejawów działalności mikrofinansowej jako wyznaczników skuteczności mikrokredytu w emancypacji kobiet oraz podkreślono konieczność brania pod uwagę takich aspektów, jak dyspozycyjność dochodu, decyzyjność i wzrost możliwości realizacji społecznego potencjału kobiet. Autor artykułu zwraca również uwagę, że kobiety jako wrażliwa grupa społeczna w łatwy sposób mogą stać się przedmiotem nadużyć i manipulacji dynamicznie rozwijającego się systemu mikrofinansowego, w którym wola realizacji zysku coraz częściej przysłania społeczną misję instytucji mikrofinansowych.