bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discourse Around the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Features of Formation and Institutionalization
Authors: Trach Yuliia
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the formation of the discourse around the ethics of artificial intelligence, as well as to characterize the main legal acts that set out its key principles.
Research methods. The methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and abstraction were applied, which made it possible to achieve the set goal.
The scientific novelty lies in identifying the features of the public (determined by the strategies and limitations characteristic of the media arena) and academic (long, deep and reasoned discussions of researchers) discourses around the ethics of artificial intelligence, clarifying the main approaches (risk-oriented, according to the areas of application) to setting out its key principles in legal acts at the international level, emphasizing the need to improve the tools for managing AI technologies, in particular the creation of global governance structures to prevent their misuse.
Conclusions. It is emphasized that, given the steady growth in the scale of data and AI use worldwide, it is necessary to systematically make efforts to increase literacy, awareness and education about the ethical consequences of the use of AI technologies. Ethical challenges associated with different ways of using AI require interdisciplinary interaction and interaction with many stakeholders, as well as cooperation between cultures, organizations, academic institutions, etc. By directly addressing the ethical issues surrounding the development and use of AI, collaboration between policymakers, technologists, and ethicists can ensure that AI serves humanity responsibly and fairly. It is emphasized that, despite the promotion of policy approaches to regulating AI by some countries and international organizations, the impact of corporate investment in AI and the political responses associated with governance have yet to be assessed.
Development of Mathematical Model for Predicting the Cupping of Lumber
Authors: Udovytska M. , Mayevskyy V. , Udovytskyi O. , Kopynets Z. , Manzyuk A.
Published: December 2024

Deformations are a significant disadvantage of wood as a structural material for products made of it. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to determine the magnitude and nature of the deformations of lumber used for the manufacturing of laminated panels in construction. The main causes of the possible changes in the shape of the surfaces of laminated panels in construction are characterized. In this paper, a model has been developed for the theoretical study of shape change in lumber, which is proposed to be determined through the warping force, which causes the deformation of lumber. The engineering formulas for calculating the warping force that leads to lumber shape change were obtained. This force mainly depends on size, changes in moisture content and the location of the lumber in the cross-section of the log.
RESEARCH OF ENERGY DISSIPATION ACCORDING TO THE DISCRETE-CONTINUUM MODEL OF A TWO-PLACE VIBRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Zapryvoda Andriy
Published: December 2024

In the work, the energy of the oscillation process was investigated according to the discrete model of the two-seat vibration system "working body of the machine - sealing medium". It was found that with a small dissipation of energy in the case of a force acting on one of the masses at a given amplitude of oscillations of this mass, the ratio of amplitudes of oscillations in the resonance mode is determined only by the parameters of the second mass and the ratio between the masses. The conditions for the effect of dissipation in the resonance mode at a frequency close to the partial frequency of the mass on which the external force acts are determined. At the same time, the difference between the inertial force acting on the second mass and the elastic force is not equal to zero. Therefore, the effect of dissipation is negligible. In the case of resonance at the frequency caused by the second mass, the role of scattering forces increases. The energy dissipation associated with the mass on which an external force acts has a significant effect on the frequency of the first resonance. The obtained research results are important information for the design of vibration machines of this class, including surface machines for laying concrete roads.
THE IMPACT OF THE URBANIZED ENVIRONMENT ON PUBLIC HEALTH
Authors: Negoda Nazarii
Published: December 2024

The scientific and technological progress of modern society is an objective process that cannot be stopped. Currently, cities occupy about 0.3% of the earth's surface area, but they are home to more than 40% of the population. Large cities are expanding their functional properties and becoming stimulators of the growth of new industries, integration and focus of human economic activity. The concen-tration of a large number of equipment, buildings, and population in one area of a modern city has led to the fact that the urbanized environment is significantly different from the natural environment in terms of quality. In the context of large cities, humans deform the environment and feel the consequences of deformation acutely.Consideration of environmental problems from a modern perspective allows us to assert that envi-ronmental degradation is not inevitable and does not necessarily accompany human economic activity. At the same time, the author emphasizes the lack of unity of methodological approaches to the identification of environmentally caused diseases, contradictions in assessing the role of environmental factors, insufficient development of criteria for identifying environmentally caused pathology, imperfection of the system of envi-ronmental risk assessment and management, and the need for scientific substantiation of the system of legal and economic compensation for health damage associated with the impact of environmental factors.
The process of urbanization and its related qualitative characteristics can be effectively considered only when studying the human-society-environment system. The most important task of studying the afore-mentioned system is to investigate the continuous process of urbanization and the increasing anthropogenic impact on the environment and public health. In these conditions, it is important to understand the sequence and features of the urbanization process, to study the impact of climate change, the development of anthro-pogenic factors, their impact on the environment and public health.The paper discusses the main hygienic and environmental problems associated with the process of urbanization and climate change, and proposes comprehensive measures to prevent and reduce the nega-tive consequences for the population. It is demonstrated that the management of the processes of formation of the urbanized environment is an important component of urban life and the main task of ensuring comfort-able living conditions for the population.
Rising Stargirls: Benefits of a Creative Arts-Based Approach to Astronomy Education for Middle-School Girls from Underrepresented Groups
Authors: Silverman Maya , Shields Aomawa , Howard Jessica , Venkatesan Vidya , Whitfield Kiana
Published: December 2024

Women from historically marginalized groups in the sciences continue to be severely underrepresented in the fields of physics and astronomy. Young girls identifying with these groups often lose interest in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields well before college. Middle school (grades 6-8) emerges as a pivotal phase for nurturing science identities among girls. The educational program Rising Stargirls offers creative arts-based astronomy workshops for middle-school girls, with the aim of cultivating their science identities. We retrospectively analyze participants' responses to four key assessment items through which their engagement in science and their science identities before and after the workshops are assessed. Our findings overwhelmingly indicate that girls exhibit heightened engagement in science and enhanced science identities after engaging in the Rising Stargirls program. These outcomes underscore the merits of fostering creativity and integrating the arts into science education.
Can AI Modelling of Protein Structures Distinguish Between Sensor and Helper NLR Immune Receptors?
Authors: Toghani AmirAli , Frijters Raoul , Bozkurt Tolga O. , Terauchi Ryohei , Kamoun Sophien , Sugihara Yu
Published: December 2024

NLR immune receptors can be functionally organized in genetically linked sensor-helper pairs. However, methods to categorize paired NLRs remain limited, primarily relying on the presence of non-canonical domains in some sensor NLRs. Here, we propose that the AI system AlphaFold 3 can classify paired NLR proteins into sensor or helper categories based on predicted structural characteristics. Helper NLRs showed higher AlphaFold 3 confidence scores than sensors when modelled in oligomeric configurations. Furthermore, funnel-shaped structures—essential for activating immune responses—were reliably predicted in helpers but not in sensors. Applying this method to uncharacterized NLR pairs from rice, we found that AlphaFold 3 can differentiate between putative sensors and helpers even when both proteins lack non-canonical domain annotations. These findings suggest that AlphaFold 3 offers a new approach to categorize NLRs and enhances our understanding of the functional configurations in plant immune systems, even in the absence of non-canonical domain annotations.
LABOR RIGHTS OF CONVICTS: CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors:   Penitentiary Academy of Ukraine,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Puzyrnyi V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the current state, problems and prospects for the development of labor rights of convicts. It is noted that in Ukrainian legislation, the work of convicts is recognized as “the right to participate in labor activity”, and the theory and practice of penitentiary science considers the work of convicts as an effective correctional factor, positive labor activity for the development of the convict’s personality, a means of resocialization and management of convicts, etc. The list of international and national NPAs in the field of legal regulation of the labor of convicts has been determined, including departments, and the main principles of convict labor organization (voluntariness, fair pay, social protection, rehabilitation focus and professional training). The existing problems in the field of the realization of the labor rights of convicts are noted, in particular, the low level of wages, limited employment opportunities for convicts, the imperfection of social insurance mechanisms and the lack of a systematic approach to training, the low level of active participation of non-governmental organizations in the processes of control over working conditions and the protection of rights are noted convicts, which significantly complicates the realization of the right to work by convicts, creates obstacles to compliance with safety standards and non-discriminatory access to work.It is emphasized that the key aspects aimed at ensuring the rights of convicts, improving their working conditions, and promoting their resocialization are: raising the level of wages, developing and implementing state vocational training programs for convicts, improving legislation in the field of social protection of convicts, introducing independent control mechanisms on working conditions and safety at workplaces in correctional institutions, expansion of employment opportunities for convicts, development of post-release support programs for adaptation and integration into the labor market.

Key words: labor rights, work, work of convicts, convictions, labor relations, employment, labor activity, institution of execution of punishment, correctional colony, corrections, resocialization, State Criminal Enforcement Service of Ukraine.
The Impact of Previous Accidents on The Probability of Repeat Accidents to Motorcyclists
Authors: Lumba Pada , Sumarli Farouk
Published: December 2024

According to 2019 statistics in Indonesia, the number of motorcycle accidents is relatively high, at 84.4 percent. Other data show that 16.13 percent of accidents include drivers who have previously been in an accident. The purpose of this study is to obtain a model of the probability of an accident for motorcycle riders who have previously experienced an accident as well as for motorcycle riders who have never experienced an accident before. Data were collected by interviewing motorcycle riders who had only been in one traffic accident and those who had been in more than one. The results of the analysis suggest that a driver who has had a previous accident has a 16 percent probability of having an accident, but a driver who has never had an accident has an 84 percent probability of having an accident. Furthermore, validation is carried out by calculating the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) value. The MAD value calculated from the results is 11.16 percent. Following that, numerous scenarios were run, with scenario 1 demonstrating that female drivers who have previously been in an accident have a higher accident probability than male drivers who have previously been in an accident. Meanwhile, scenario 2 shows that drivers above the age of 20 who have had a previous accident are more likely to be involved in an accident than drivers under the age of 20. Scenario 3 reveals that drivers who are on varied roadside variable roads and driving on bends can reduce their monotone level from 45% to 22%, but this condition has no effect on the level of fatigue and the probability of accidents. The final scenario shows that a driver who drives between 24:00 and 06:00 will have probability of fatigue by 73% and will have accident probability by 17%. Finding of this study is the drivers who have previously been involved in an accident are less likely to be involved in another accident compared to the drivers who have never been involved in an accident before.
Eventos privados podem ser causa do comportamento?
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Pompermaier Henrique Mesquita
Published: December 2024

O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi explorar questões relativas ao conceito de eventos privados e à causalidade a fim de oferecer uma resposta à questão apresentada no título. Aspectos da discussão sobre a compreensão do conceito de eventos privados foram brevemente apresentados, e considerações sobre a per-tinência da participação desse tipo de evento na explicação do comportamento foram discutidas. A defesa da participação desses eventos na explicação do comportamento se dá particularmente a partir de dois pontos. Um refere-se à participação de eventos privados como causas intermediárias em uma cadeia comportamen-tal. Outro indica que, sendo de mesma natureza, os eventos privados podem exercer as mesmas funções que eventos públicos. A partir da discussão desses dois pontos, argumenta-se que eventos privados não podem ser causa do comportamento. Essa resposta, porém, baseia-se não em uma distinção da participação desse tipo de evento na determinação do comportamento, mas justamente na consideração de que eventos com-portamentais, públicos ou privados não exercem uma função causal, uma vez que esse tipo de compreensão é incompatível com uma perspectiva relacional e funcional do comportamento.
El destino del Análisis de la Conducta
Authors:   Universidad del Rosario, Peña-Correal Telmo Eduardo
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo se caracteriza el Análisis la Conducta (Análisis Experimental del Comportamiento y Análisis Aplicado del Comportamiento) tal como se han desarrollado en Latinoamérica en la segunda parte del Siglo XX y lo que ha transcurrido del Siglo XXI. En este contexto, se analizan algunos factores que pueden explicar el rechazo o el poco atractivo que el conductismo puede tener, a saber, la cultura mentalista, el aislamiento del Análisis Experimental del Comportamiento de la comunidad psicológica, la posible insuficiencia de los principios del condicionamiento para explicar la conducta humana, y las prácticas investigativas de los analistas del comportamiento. Se analizan igualmente las limitaciones del Análisis Aplicado del Comportamiento como una propuesta tecnológica para el manejo de muchos de los problemas humanos que son competencia de los psicólogos. Finalmente, se plantea la necesidad de seguir construyendo una ciencia naturalista del comportamiento que tenga respaldo empírico.
A Importância dos Respondentes e das Relações Simbólicaspara uma Análise Comportamental da Cultura
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Carlos, de Rose Julio Cesar
Published: December 2024

Cultura é comportamento adquirido pelos seres humanos enquanto membros de grupos sociais. Por esta razão, a análise do comportamento tem um papel fundamental para a compreensão dos fenôme-nos culturais e da grande diversidade de padrões culturais. Este artigo trata principalmente dos meios pelos quais as culturas produzem a conformidade a seus padrões, assegurando, assim, a transmissão de suas práticas. Todos os processos comportamentais são relevantes para isto. Porém, a análise com-portamental da cultura tem considerado que práticas culturais são restritas a operantes. Neste texto, eu argumento que respondentes são componentes essenciais das práticas culturais. Argumento também que os símbolos que permeiam as culturas participam de redes de relações simbólicas que transferem e/ou transformam funções de estímulos. Portanto, a análise comportamental da cultura não pode desconsiderar os respondentes e nem a formação de redes simbólicas que modificam as funções de estímulos.
El análisis de la conducta: ¿Cruza de especieso ejemplar transdisciplinario?
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Ribes Emilio
Published: December 2024

Se examina la historia de vinculación del análisis de la conducta con el conductismo radical y la teoría operante. Se discuten el surgimiento y limitaciones de cada uno de los tres conceptos y las prácticas asociadas a ellos. Se muestra que dichos conceptos no son equivalentes ni intercambiables y que, ade-más requieren de un examen autocrítico profundo. El análisis de la conducta se usa en la actualidad como una categoría híbrida que representa cruza de especies conceptuales. Se sugiere considerarlo como un caso ejemplar transdiciplinario del análisis funcional en ciencia.
Transferência de função em classes de equivalência formadas pelo procedimento go/no-go com estímulos compostos
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Vernucio Renato Roberto , Debert Paula ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho avaliou quantitativamente a transferência de função em classes de equivalência estabelecidas pelo procedimento go/no-go com estímulos compostos. Participaram do experimento cinco estudantes universitários. Foram treinadas as relações AB, AC, CD e DE, e testadas em extinção as relações BD, DB, BE e EB para duas classes de estímulos. Os estímulos A de cada classe eram fotos de expressões faciais e os demais estímulos eram figuras abstratas. Um instrumento de diferen-cial semântico foi utilizado para oferecer uma medida quantitativa da transferência de função. Todos os estímulos foram avaliados antes e depois do treino e teste de relações. Foi encontrado que houve transferência de função dos estímulos de fotos de expressões faciais para os estímulos de figuras abs-tratas após o estabelecimento de classes de equivalência. Para nenhum dos participantes foi observa-do que estímulos com menores distâncias nodais em relação às fotos de expressões faciais passaram a ser avaliados mais semelhantemente a elas do que estímulos com maior distância nodal. Portanto, não foi produzido o mesmo efeito de distância nodal observado quando o procedimento matching-to-sample padrão é utilizado. Esses resultados apontam uma importante diferença entre o procedimento go/no-go com estímulos compostos e o procedimento matching-to-sample.
Trzy modele zaufania wobec nie-Żydów po aryjskiej stronie
Authors: Kowalska-Leder Justyna
Published: December 2024

W artykule skupiam uwagę na „dystrybucji zaufania” wobec „aryjskiego” otoczenia, czyli przede wszystkim na kryteriach, jakimi kierują się Żydzi po ucieczce z getta, podejmując decyzję o tym, by komuś zaufać. Analizowane przeze mnie świadectwa łączy to, że powstały w czasie wojny lub tuż po jej zakończeniu, są więc możliwie bliskie samemu doświadczeniu. Spośród wielu źródeł wybrałam takie, które pozwalają na zarysowanie trzech wyrazistych modeli zaufania. Pierwszy z nich polega na całkowitej redukcji zaufania, czego konsekwencją jest minimalizacja ryzyka denuncjacji. Mogło to skutkować – jak widać na przykładzie powojennej relacji Bera Ryczywoła – poczuciem ogromnej sprawczości. Drugi model zaufania, wywiedziony z analizy wojennych zapisków Tadeusza Obremskiego, nazywam transakcyjnym. Przypomina bowiem transakcję handlową i opiera się na kalkulacji zobowiązań adresata zaufania. Trzeci to model zaufania osobistego, który pokazuję na przykładzie powojennych zapisków Franciszki Grünberg. Różni się od poprzedniego tym, że nie jest oparty na racjonalnej kalkulacji, lecz na emocjach oraz na intuicji, które decydują o tym, do kogo zwrócić się o pomoc.
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TEMAN SEBAYA PADA KESEHATAN JIWA REMAJA DI SMA NEGERI 3 ATAMBUA
Authors: Tefa Yosefa Novelani Maria Tefa , Paskal Paskalis Malafu Usfinit , Djulianus Djulianus Tes Mau
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Masalah kesehatan remaja seperti gangguan emosional, gangguan perilaku, dan gangguan mental dapat mengakibatkan kalangan muda mengalami kecemasan, gangguan pola makan, depresi hingga bunuh diri. Kondisi ini dapat menempatkan remaja pada kondisi yang rawan bila remaja tidak didukung oleh teman sebaya pada proses perkembangan mental dan kesehatan jiwa remaja. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitik, sampel yang digunakan 198 siswa-siswi, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling, penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-Maret 2024. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui Gambaran Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya Pada Kesehatan Jiwa Remaja di SMA Negeri 3 Atambua. Hasil: Dukungan sosial teman sebaya pada kesehatan jiwa remaja di SMA Negeri 3 Atambua mendapatkan hasil kategori baik yaitu 173 orang (87,4%) Kesimpulan: Dukungan sosial teman sebaya pada kesehatan jiwa remaja dapat mengembangkan sikap positif pada remaja dan membuat mereka menerima serta menghargai dirinya.
Translating Saudi Najdi Dialect Proverbs into English: Challenges and Strategies for Preserving Cultural Meaning
Authors: Alharbi Abeer Shujaa
Published: December 2024

This study explores the linguistic and cultural challenges of translating Najdi proverbs into English, focusing on strategies that preserve their cultural richness and semantic depth. Najdi proverbs are deeply rooted in the social norms, historical contexts, and metaphorical traditions of central Saudi Arabia, posing unique challenges for translators due to their idiomatic and culturally specific nature. Using a qualitative approach, the research analyzed 100 Najdi proverbs collected through interviews with native speakers and documented folklore. Each proverb was systematically translated into English, employing strategies such as dynamic equivalence, paraphrasing, and cultural substitution. The findings reveal that while literal translations often fail to capture the proverbs’ intended meaning and emotional resonance, adaptive strategies enable effective communication of their core messages to English-speaking audiences. Dynamic equivalence emerged as a particularly effective strategy for preserving the proverbs’ emotional and cultural impact, while cultural substitution bridged gaps where metaphors were inaccessible to the target audience. A key contribution of this study is its practical implication for creating a Najdi Proverbs Glossary. This resource would document proverbs with their translations, cultural annotations, and contextual explanations, serving as a valuable tool for translators, educators, and researchers. The glossary could also be integrated into online translation tools, enhancing their ability to produce culturally sensitive and contextually appropriate translations. Future research could expand on this work by developing digital tools for dialectal translation, conducting comparative studies of proverbs from other Saudi dialects, and analyzing the reception of translated proverbs among non-native audiences. By addressing the complexities of dialectal translation and promoting cultural sensitivity, this study supports efforts to document Saudi cultural heritage and aligns with Saudi Vision 2030’s goals of preserving and sharing the nation’s rich linguistic diversity with a global audience.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL IN FARMLANDS OF BIRNIN YERO, IGABI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Yusuf Zainab , Garba Y. I. , Richard M. A. , Haruna U. J.
Published: December 2024

Globally, soil degradation is widely recognized as a major agricultural and environmental problem. This study assess the physicochemical properties of soil in farmlands in Birnin Yero, Igabi LGA, Kaduna State. Soil samples were collected from different farmlands and analyzed for particle size (sand, silt, and clay), pH, Organic Carbon (OC), Organic Matter (OM), Exchangeable Acidity (EA), Available phosphate (AP), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Potassium (K), and Sodium (Na). The study revealed that soils of the study area are sandy loam and loamy and the acidic pH indicates the need for soil amendments to improve nutrient availability for plant growth. The medium to low levels of OC, OM, and AP highlight the significance of using soil amendments and focused fertilization techniques to improve soil fertility. Correlations between physicochemical properties demonstrated interrelationships, where EA showed a negative correlation with pH, Mg showed a positive correlation with pH and a negative correlation with EA. K showed a positive correlation with AP and EA. Na showed a positive correlation with Ca. OM had a positive correlation with OM. The percentage of sand in the soils had a negative correlation with OC and OM. Silt soils correlated positively with OC. Then clay soils had a positive correlation with OC and OM. It was concluded that soils from the study area can impact water drainage, nutrient retention, and soil fertility. Furthermore, the physicochemical properties indicate that soil amendments and targeted fertilization strategies should be employed to enhance soil fertility.
IDENTITY OF INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE LATE NINETEENTH AND EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURIES. IN THE HISTORICAL AREA OF THE CITY OF KHARKIV
Authors: Bozhko K.
Published: December 2024

The article highlights the topic of formation, development, and degradation of Kharkiv's textile manufactories, which are compactly located along Rizdviana Street in the downtown area. In addition to the processes related to the activity in the territory of the manufactories' neighborhood, the article raises the theme of the representation of identity in the monuments of Kharkiv industrial architecture. In the early twentieth century, Kharkiv's manufactory district was the embodiment of a big city, the world of science and technical progress, where each firm expressed its identity in the architecture of the building. Contemporaries called the neighborhood “Kharkiv City”.
Later on, the district gradually began to lose this status. Over the next 50 years, weaving production declined, giving way to book printing. During the Second World War, the neighbourhood was severely damaged and some of the buildings were rebuilt in Soviet Art Deco style. From the 1970s onwards, a gradual deterioration began, which intensified from the 1990s onwards.
Since the 2000s, attempts to renovate manufactory buildings have started: exhibitions are held in separate buildings, and since 2016 the creation of hubs, which combine offices with different functions, has begun. The article proposes 3 renovation strategies that range from "conservative" to "radical".
Conservative strategy implies preservation of the neighborhood in existing forms, museification of buildings to create museums. The main emphasis is on the development of tourism. The second concept implies regeneration of the lost parts of the neighborhood development, symbols, functions. The concept implies restoration of the lost image of Kharkiv City and filling it with new content (functions). The radical concept is connected with the creation of new forms, functions, which were not previously present in the territory of the district and which will contrast with the historical building. This will provide an opportunity to create new functions and images that will become a center of activity.
The combination of the creation of new functions and images with the revival of lost identities will make it possible to turn the district into a centre of activity, preserving its historical heritage and reviving the lost image.
Key words: degrading industrial buildings and territories, identity, renovation, architecture of industrial objects.
A SET OF SMALL-SIZED EQUIPMENT FOR CARRYING OUT RESTORATION WORK ON SEGMENTS OF SEWAGE COLLECTORS
Authors: Anishchenko А. , Aleinikova А. , Buhrymenko М. , Liapkalo О. , Nesterenko М.
Published: December 2024

The urban sewage system is the basis for ensuring environmental safety and viability of cities. However, in the context of today's conditions, which include military aggression and limited funding, maintaining the viability of these systems faces numerous challenges. The article is devoted to the study of actual methods of restoration of reinforced concrete structures of sewage collectors, which are important elements of the infrastructure that ensure the collection and transportation of wastewater to treatment facilities. Given the complex location of many sewage facilities, their restoration requires the use of specialized mobile equipment capable of functioning effectively in limited conditions.
The article analyzes modern methods of restoration work, including methods of injection and injection concrete (dry and wet). Various technological approaches to the restoration of damaged areas, which ensure reliable sealing and return of the object to its original state, are considered. The peculiarities of using shotcrete as one of the most effective methods of applying the concrete mixture to the prepared surface are also discussed. It is noted that this technology allows for a high level of adhesion and uniform coverage, which is important to prevent further destruction.
The study highlights the importance of choosing quality equipment for the preparation and delivery of concrete mixes, such as concrete mixers, compressor units and flexible pipes. The characteristics of the equipment are considered, which allow to perform work on the application of a concrete mixture under pressure in difficult conditions, in particular in the limited space of underground tunnels or collectors of small diameter. Technological schemes of restoration work are described, including various options for the location of equipment depending on the conditions of access to the damaged area.
The results of the study indicate that the choice of appropriate equipment and methods of work depends on the type of damage, the condition of the surface and the conditions of the restoration. The use of small-sized mobile kits allows you to increase the productivity and quality of restoration work, ensuring speed and efficiency even in difficult conditions of limited access. Thanks to the use of modern technologies, such as shotcrete, restored areas of reinforced concrete structures are able to maintain their integrity and resistance to the influence of external factors, including microbiological corrosion and mechanical damage.
The article concludes that the integration of mobile, multi-functional equipment and the latest repair methods is a key factor in ensuring the effective restoration of sewage systems, which is the basis for the stable functioning of urban infrastructure.
Key words: sewage collectors, restoration, destruction, concreting, shotcrete work, small-sized equipment, concrete mixture
Gervi-Egill og vísur hans í Egils sögu
Authors: Patria Bianca
Published: December 2024

Þessi grein fjallar um eina lausavísu í 49. kafla Egils sögu. Egill kveður vísuna um sjóorrustu þar sem hann tekst á við þrjótinn Eyvind skreyju. Vísan sýnir nokkur merki þess að hafa verið kveðin af söguhöfundi frekar en af Agli sjálfum. Fyrst er vísan borin saman við aðrar heimildir um hinn dularfulla Eyvind skreyju, þar á meðal lausavísur eftir Eyvind skáldaspilli sem eru varðveittar í Fagurskinnu. Síðan er gerð grein fyrir tungumáli vísunnar, bragarhætti og stíl og borið saman við aðrar vísur í sögunni sem ætla má að séu ekki eftir Egil sjálfan heldur annað skáld sem kalla mætti Gervi-Egil. Í rannsókninni er bent á eiginleika sem eru dæmigerðir fyrir Gervi-Egil, til dæmis dálæti á orðinu ‘víkingur’ og endursköpun vísuorða úr öðrum kvæðum. Nærtækast er að Gervi-Egill sé höfundur sögunnar og í greininni er grennslast fyrir um vinnubrögð hans, þar á meðal heimildir hans og getu til að líkja eftir fornum kveðskap. Að lokum eru þessir eiginleikar metnir í ljósi þeirrar útbreiddu fræðitilgátu að höfundur Egils sögu og vísnanna hafi verið Snorri Sturluson.
Að reyna að fanga það sem ekki er hægt að festa hendur á: ný rannsókn á Finnboga sögu ramma
Authors: Ceolin Martina
Published: December 2024

Finnboga saga ramma er Íslendingasaga frá fjórtándu öld sem segir frá flökku- kenndu lífi íslenska höfðingjasonarins Finnboga Ásbjarnarsonar. Sagan berst frá Íslandi til Noregs og Grikklands. Frásögnin er áhugaverð af ýmsum ástæðum. Meðal annars er erfitt að fella söguna inn í hið almennt viðurkennda flokkunar- kerfi fornsagna vegna þess að í henni eru atriði sem bera einkenni ólíkra sagna- hópa. Við þetta má bæta að elstu og merkilegustu handritin sem varðveita textann, Möðruvallabók (AM 132 fol. frá 14. öld) og Tómasarbók (AM 510 4to frá miðri 16. öld), setja hann í mjög ólíkt samhengi sem gerir rannsókn á sögunni í ljósi rann- sókna á bókmenntagreinum enn áhugaverðari. Í þessari grein verður Finnboga saga ramma greind með hliðsjón af kenningum um bókmenntagreinar. Hugað verður jafnt að byggingu textans sjálfs og að því handritasamhengi sem hann birtist í. Markmiðið er að varpa ljósi bæði á almenn einkenni textans og mikilvægi þess að rannsaka ‘ungar’ Íslendingasögur – og miðaldasögur almennt – í samhengi íslenskrar handritamenningar.
Analisis Stabilitas Lereng Bendungan 1 Tujuh Bukit Tumpang Pitu Banyuwangi
Authors: Valensia Widde , Agustian Yanyan
Published: December 2024

Keberhasilan operasional sebuah bendungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh stabilitas lereng dan keamanan terhadap rembesan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi stabilitas lereng dan keamanan rembesan pada Bendungan Tujuh Bukit 1, yang telah beroperasi selama lima tahun. Metode penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder, diikuti dengan pembuatan model analisis. Analisis stabilitas lereng dilakukan dalam tiga kondisi: kondisi statik, gempa Operated Based Earthquake (OBE), dan gempa Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE). Selain itu, model analisis rembesan dikembangkan untuk menilai keamanan terhadap tekanan uplift dan erosi buluh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stabilitas lereng pada kondisi statik, OBE, dan MDE memenuhi kriteria keamanan yang diperlukan. Faktor keamanan yang dihitung untuk setiap skenario menunjukkan bahwa lereng bendungan stabil dan mampu menahan beban yang ditentukan. Demikian pula, hasil analisis rembesan menunjukkan bahwa Bendungan Tujuh Bukit 1 aman terhadap uplift dan erosi buluh, tanpa risiko signifikan erosi internal atau kehilangan material yang dapat membahayakan struktur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ini, tidak diperlukan modifikasi desain atau perkuatan tambahan untuk Bendungan Tujuh Bukit 1. Desain dan konstruksi saat ini memadai untuk memastikan keamanan dan stabilitas bendungan dalam kondisi yang dievaluasi. Temuan ini memberikan keyakinan mengenai keandalan operasional bendungan dan wawasan berharga untuk strategi pemantauan dan pemeliharaan mendatang. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya evaluasi keamanan rutin untuk bendungan dan menyoroti efektivitas model analitis dalam menilai stabilitas dan masalah rembesan
Kata kunci : Stabilitas lereng, kemanan rembesan, Bendungan Tujuh Bukit I
Kasvatus ja historiantutkimus 2020-luvulla
Authors: Jouhki Essi , Julkunen Lauri , Puranen-Impola Karoliina
Published: December 2024

Pääkirjoitus teemanumeroon "Historiantutkimus ja kasvatus" 4/2024.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PROJEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA FASE E PADA TEMA KEARIFAN LOKAL DAERAH BENGKULU
Authors: Andyani Vannesa Okta , Handayani Dewi , Amir Hermansyah
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan e-modul proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila fase E pada tema kearifan lokal daerah Bengkulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan e-modul dan respon peserta didik terhadap e-modul yang dikembangkan. Pengembangan e-modul ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, and Evaluation) yang dibatasi hanya batas tahap Develop. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juli di SMAN 1 Kota Bengkulu. Subjek penelitian adalah 36 peserta didik kelas X.B di SMAN 1 Kota Bengkulu. Instrumen pada penelitian ini yaitu lembar wawancara, lembar validasi, dan angket respon peserta didik. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh (1) tingkat kelayakan e-modul memiliki skor 93,6% dengan kategori sangat layak, (2) hasil uji respons peserta didik terhadap e-modul modul mendapatkan skor 89,0% dengan kategori sangat baik. Hal ini berarti e-modul proyek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila fase E pada tema kearifan lokal daerah Bengkulu layak dan baik untuk digunakan.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL KIMIA ORGANIK BAHAN ALAM BERBASIS RISET UNTUK MENSTIMULUS BERFIKIR KRITIS MAHASISWA
Authors: Nurhamidah  , Handayani Dewi , Wiwit Wiwit
Published: December 2024

Penyediaan sumber belajar yang berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam dan ada dilingkungan sekitar kita sangat diperlukan, supaya proses pembelajaran di kelas lebih aktif dan menarik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran kimia organik bahan alam (KOBA) yang berbasis hasil penelitian tentang pemanfaatan senyawa bahan alam, sehingga mahasiswa lebih termotivasi dalam belajar. Research and Development (R&D) atau penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri dari Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Subjek penelitian menggunakan 24 orang mahasiswa semester VII Program Studi S1 Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Bengkulu Angkatan 2023/2024. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar angket validasi ahli dan angket respon mahasiswa dan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, penilaian validator terhadap modul yang dikembangkan, diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 93.60% yang termasuk pada kategori sangat valid, sedangkan hasil penilaian mahasiswa terhadap modul yang dikembangkan diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 93% yang termasuk kategori sangat menarik. Berdasarkan hasil angket penilaian validasi ahli dan angket respon mahasiswa, dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan sangat layak digunakan sebagai sumber belajar dalam proses pembalajaran.
Wood chemical characterization of Acacia mangium and Calophyllum brasiliense grown in plantation
Authors: Longui Eduardo Luiz , Lima Israel Luiz de , Ranzini Maurício , Barbosa Juraci de Andrade , Yamaji Fábio Minoru , Eufrade Junior Humberto de Jesus , Silva Júnior Francides Gomes da , Assumpção Patrick Ayrivie de
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to characterize and compare the physical and chemical properties of wood from 15-year-old Acacia mangium and 16-year-old Calophyllum brasiliense plantation trees. Specific data is provided on basic density, extractives, holocellulose, lignin, ash content and the highest heating value, as well as the linear correlations between them were performed. We observed similar mean values of basic density, despite statistical differences were found in lignin and holocellulose contents. The results for the higher heating value (19.5 kJ kg−1) were noteworthy, as they are positively associated with the extractive content (8.3%) and lignin content (26.0%) of A. mangium and C. brasiliense, respectively. Furthermore, the relationships found between the basic density of C. brasiliense wood, and its chemical properties were different from those expected, suggesting that other analyses should be carried out on the wood in order to fully understand it. Both species demonstrate calorific values suitable for biomass production, suggesting the potential use of their residues for pellet and briquette manufacturing. The findings have provided valuable information on the quality and behavior of wood, especially to contribute to the sustainable use of forest resources.
PRINSIP-PRINSIP DIGITALISASI LAYANAN INPASSING DOSEN NON-ASN LEMBAGA LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI WILAYAH IX
Authors: Nurahmad Nurahmad , Chairunisa Frida , Samboteng Lukman
Published: December 2024

Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi Wilayah IX yang disingkat LLDIKTI Wilayah IX merupakan satuan kerja di lingkungan Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi dituntut untuk memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepada masyarakat. Tuntutan ini oleh LLDIKTI Wilayah IX direspon dengan melakukan transformasi ke layanan digital salah satunya dalam hal layanan usul inpassing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis prinsip-prinsip digitalisasi layanan inpassing dosen non-asn LLDIKTI Wilayah IX. Penelitian ini dikategorikan sebagai penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi digitalisasi layanan inpassing dosen non-asn LLDIKTI Wilayah IX telah efektif dalam aspek keefektifan, kesinambungan, efisiensi, dan akuntabilitas. Namun dari aspek keterpaduan, interoperabilitas, dan keamanan belum efektif dan dibutuhkan perbaikan dan pengembangan.
TREN PENELITIAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI INDONESIA: SUATU TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS LITERATUR
Authors: Adekamwa Adekamwa , Mursalim Mursalim , Indrayanti Indrayanti
Published: December 2024

Pelayanan publik di Indonesia menghadapi berbagai tantangan, termasuk birokrasi yang kompleks, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan implementasi kebijakan yang sering kali tidak selaras dengan praktik lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi tren penelitian dalam pelayanan publik di Indonesia dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan serta hambatan dalam implementasi kebijakan dan inovasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap 30 publikasi terpilih dari jurnal nasional dan internasional yang bereputasi tinggi, dengan fokus pada tema inovasi pelayanan, kualitas pelayanan, implementasi kebijakan, dan peran kepemimpinan. Hasil menunjukkan adopsi teknologi digital semakin meningkat dan dianggap mampu memperbaiki transparansi dan efisiensi pelayanan publik, meskipun tantangan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya dan kerangka regulasi masih menghambat adopsi yang optimal. Selain itu, kualitas pelayanan yang baik dikaitkan dengan peningkatan kepuasan dan kepercayaan publik. Peran kepemimpinan transformasional terbukti menjadi faktor kunci dalam mendorong inovasi dan mengatasi resistensi birokrasi. Implikasinya adalah perlunya pendekatan yang mencakup integrasi teknologi, reformasi kebijakan yang adaptif, dan kepemimpinan yang visioner. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan bagi studi-studi selanjutnya yang menekankan pada pendekatan multidisipliner untuk mencapai perbaikan berkelanjutan dalam pelayanan publik.
Transformation of South Africa's Townships
Authors: Makalima Mzuchumile
Published: December 2024

This literature paper examines the dynamics of the „Transformation of South Africa's Townships: TBL Initiatives and the Future of Social Housing.” Rooted in the historical echoes of apartheid, the examination extends to post-apartheid social housing activities, notably the Reconstruction Development Programme (RDP) initiated in 2004. At its core lies the incorporation of Triple Bottom Line (TBL) principles, emphasizing environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The study's objectives encompass evaluating TBL integration, measuring its impact on resident well-being, and dissecting associated challenges. Hypotheses suggest positive outcomes on resident quality of life, long-term sustainability, and resilience with TBL incorporation. The review traverses historical complexities, the transformative role of TBL, and a comparative analysis of global social housing initiatives, drawing insights from Singapore, Sweden, Brazil, and localized projects. Theoretical frameworks guiding TBL in social housing, coupled with practical case studies, shed light on the tangible application of these principles. In conclusion, the synthesis advocates for evidence-based policies, urging the holistic development of thriving, resilient communities in South African townships.
Artificial intelligence and human rights, with special reference to self-driving vehicles
Authors: Csongor Herke , Perkumienė Dalia
Published: December 2024

As the technology develops, we are moving towards the creation of fully self-driving vehicles. Not only the technical but also the legal conditions must be in place. Both in civil and criminal law, a completely new approach to legislation is needed in order to regulate this situation, which is quite different from the general situation. Human rights must also be taken into account. The study examined the difficulties of introducing self-driving vehicles from the perspective of fundamental rights as enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights. It can be concluded that self-driving vehicles (or the accidents they cause, the events they record, etc.) may affect a number of human rights (right to life, right to a fair trial, prohibition of punishment without legal provision, right to respect for private and family life, freedom of discrimination, freedom of movement). Nevertheless, prudent legislation can solve the problems.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, weak artificial intelligence, strong artificial intelligence, self-driving cars, human rights
The Effect of Locomotor Training on Gait Parameters in Pediatric Patients with Cerebral Palsy: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Strazdaitė Emilija , Kielė Dovilė
Published: December 2024

Background. Locomotor training is a relatively new approach in pediatric cerebral palsy, so there is still a lack of data on its effect of such training on walking function.
Aim. To evaluate the effect of locomotor training on gait parameters in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy by reviewing the scientific literature.
Methods. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted based on the results of the PubMed (MEDLINE) and the CINAHL Ultimate (EBSCOhost) searches for randomized clinical trials.
Results. Fifteen eligible randomized clinical trials involving 375 pediatric patients with cerebral palsy were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that locomotor training interventions, compared to standard treatment methods for cerebral palsy, have a small effect on walking speed (Cohen d = 0,16), cadence (Cohen d = 0,16) and step length (Cohen d = 0,18).
Conclusions. There is evidence that supplementing standard treatment with locomotor training interventions has a small positive and lasting effect on walking speed, cadence and step length in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy.
Keywords: cerebral palsy, children, locomotor training, spatiotemporal gait parameters.