bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of Supercavitating Vehicle Structure with Stochastic Parameters
Authors: Jiang Yun Hua , An Wei Guang , An Hai
Published: January 2012

Stiffness and mass matrixes were given for frequency calculation of supercavitating vehicle structure (SVS) based on semi-analytical finite element method. Considering the randomicity of physical parameters and their relativity, the function of stochastic frequency and probability density function were obtained for SVS by random factor method. The randomicity of frequency for SVS with stochastic physical parameters was analyzed and the characteristics of probability distribution were given for front five order modes. The calculation results show that SVS is the most prone to bending mode, it’s extremely disadvantage for SVS stability sliding motion in supercavitation. In addition, the frequency have strong randomicity, the external incent frequency in a larger range may lead to load characteristics more bad for SVS.
Reliability Analysis of Hybrid Actuation Based on GSPN
Authors: Yu Li Ming , Wei Shou Qiang , Xing Tian Tian , Liu Hong Liang
Published: January 2012

Generalized stochastic Petri nets is adopted to develop the reliability models of two operating modes of the hybrid actuation system, which is composed of a SHA (Servo valve controlled Hydraulic Actuator), an EHA (Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator) and an EBHA (Electrical Back-up Hydrostatic Actuator).The dependability of hybrid actuation is got through the Markov chain which the Petri nets sate is isomorphic to and the Monte-Carlo simulation. Simulations are conducted to analyze influences of the operating mode and the fault coverage on system reliability of hybrid actuation system.
The Research on the Control System of Bulldozer Based on the EPEC Controller and its Traction Experiment
Authors: Xing Pu , Peng Lang Cao , Xu Ying , Liu Cun Bo , Tian Cong Feng
Published: January 2012

The performance of hydraulic control system determines that of operating bulldozer. In the article, the EPEC controller is introduced into the control system of hydraulic bulldozer, forming the control system which takes the EPEC controller as the core and building an experiment platform for the driving system of 100-horsepower bulldozer. Experiments of its traction performance were made, and the results show that the control system can help to make good control effect and stable performance by effectively making use of engine power, which set a good foundation for research on intelligence of hydraulic bulldozer.
Current Situation Analysis on Soil Erosion Risk Management in Development and Construction Project
Authors: Wu Qing , Wang Ling Ling , Gao Hui Qiao , Chen Yuee
Published: January 2012

Construction activities are one of crucial human factors making for serious erosion based on natural condition, and bring harmful effects on the environment and the project itself. So, the government and authorities set down a series of laws, regulations, norms, and procedures to intensify soil erosion hazard risk management. However, the awareness, response, assessment and management of soil erosion risk hazard by project owner were different. In this paper, by analyzing the status and existing problems of soil erosion risk hazard management, the strategies and approaches of soil erosion risk hazard management were explored.
Application System Based on the Combination of Touch Screen and PLC
Authors: Zhang Hu , Wu Wen Fu , Liu Zhe , Fu Hai Dong , Wang Yang , Li Xi Wu
Published: January 2012

Combination application of touch screen with PLC has become the mainstream of modern control field, and it achieves control and monitoring to the fieldwork through the touch screen. This paper introduces a control system based on the combination of PLC and touch screen, achieves control to the transducer and fieldwork unit, meanwhile, displays the information collected on the touch screen. The system works reliably with steady performance and is easily to expand, has reached the design requirements.
The Inquiry about the Application of the LED and High Pressure Sodium Lamp in the Universities Sports Teaching Venue
Authors: Li Shu Fang
Published: January 2012

At present high-pressure sodium lamp is main lighting source of the college and university sports teaching venues. In the 2008 Beijing Olympic competition venues and the 2010 Shanghai world expo exhibition, LED lighting lamps and lanterns are adopted in large quantities because of the concept of the green, environmental protection, energy saving. Author in this paper used to be engaged in the teaching of college sports in our country, and do research about lighting source requirement in our college and university sports teaching venues, such as suitable and uniform illuminance, ideal for light color, third dimension and small glare, etc. The inquiry about the application of The LED and high pressure sodium lamp in the universities sports teaching venue is discussed in this paper, so that it can provide a reference on high-pressure sodium lamp replacement LED lighting lamps and lanterns.
Sustained Casing Pressure Calculation of A Annulus Induced by Downhole Operation Load
Authors: Zhi Zhang , Xiao Tai Ping , Chen Zheng Mao , Shi Tai He
Published: January 2012

Currently the annulus pressure of gas well becomes more common, so the safe production of several wells has been seriously affected. The annulus pressure mechanism is relatively complex, and it can be approximately classified into annulus pressure induced by temperature effect, by ballooning effect and by leakage or seal failure etc. The article mainly focuses on the annulus pressure mechanism induced by ballooning effect and the corresponding calculation model. For the tubing column with two ends fixed and closed, when tubing internal pressure is larger than the external extrusion force, the external diameter of the tubing column balloons (i.e. ballooning effect). It reduces the annular volume between the tubing and the casing, and consequentially induces annulus pressure. Based on the fundamental theory of elastic-plastic mechanics, the tubing column is simplified into the thin walled cylinder so as to deduce the relation models between the internal pressure and its swell capacity and A annulus pressure value, which provide theoretical support for safety evaluation on annulus pressure and the next treatment program.
Oil-Soluble DRA Development and Application
Authors: Long Zheng Jun , Fu Ya Rong , Li Dong Qing , Cai Yuan Hong
Published: January 2012

To solve the single tube gathering process paraffin oil viscosity reduction shaft and gathering the problem of high back pressure. Technical application of crude oil pour point depressant, mixed ester, benzene, ethylene oxide such as octylphenol ether compound by an oil-soluble DRA. Dosage in the 50 ~ 100mg/l to meet the water when the wellbore is less than 25% of the wax viscosity and single-tube process requirements gathering, can be compared to the multi-port wells, monitoring data before and after dosing showed that the crude oil after dosing freezing point decreased 5.6 °C, the average rate of 87.4% viscosity reduction, the average rate of 91.5% paraffin. Pipeline wellhead back pressure reduced by 20 to 30 percentage points
Investigation on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of the A7N01 Aluminum Alloy Welding Joint
Authors: Yang Shang Lei , Luo Bin , Lv Ren Yuan , Meng Li Chun , Lin Qing Lin
Published: January 2012

The A7N01 aluminum alloy was welded by MIG welding in test, and the microstructure and mechanical property of joint were investigated. The results of experimentation show that the feature of the A7N01 aluminum alloy MIG welding joint is perfect with a gentle transition. The microstructure of fusion metal in A7N01 joint is as-cast grain. The microstructure of fusion zone consists of the fine columnar grains. It is rolling structure in the parent metal. In HAZ, the rolling structure is disappearing. The η′ (MgZn2) strengthening phases were precipitated in the grain boundary of the A7N01 aluminum alloy. The size of η′ strengthening phase is about 5-10 nm. There is no precipitation phase in welding metal of A7N01 joint. The fine η′ transitional phases of the primeval parent metal are turned to the coarse η (MgZn2) stable phases of the HAZ. The size of η strengthening phase is about 50 nm. The tensile strength and the percentage elongation after fracture of A7N01 welding joint is below the parent metal.
Influence of Annealing on Microstructure and Texture of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheet
Authors: Li Jing Yuan , Yang Zhi Hui , Wang Jia Fei
Published: January 2012

There are strong basal textures in AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet. Through rolling and post-annealing, we can significantly reduce the basal texture, and with the rising of deformation, the texture intensity falls. The peak intensity of basal texture reduced from 12 to 4 when the rolling deformation rises to 35%. The influence of post-annealing on grain refinement is very obvious. When the temperature of pre-annealing is 773K and rolling temperature is 623K, the grain size reduce to 201μm after 1% deformation. But we can reduce the grain size to 30μm after post-annealing. If the rolling deformation is 36.4%, the grain size reduces to 73μm. But after post-annealing, the grain size reduces to 12μm.
Effect of Temperature and KOH Concentration on Hydrothermal Synthesis of SrTiO3 Dendrites
Authors: Yang Lin Lin , Wang Yu Jiang , Zou Qi Qun , Wang Yong Gang
Published: January 2012

SrTiO3dendrites were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. An obvious morphology evolution from cubic-like shape to dendrite was observed when KOH concentration varied from 1M to 0.1M at 80°C. A decrease in KOH concentration was found to be favorable for the formation of dendrites. Star-like shape SrTiO3crystals instead of dendrites were obtained when the temperature was lowed to 40°C.
Preparation and Properties of a Novel Thermosetting Resin Based on 4,4'-Bismaleimidodiphenyl Methane and Allyl COPNA Resin
Authors: Xiong Lei , Lin Qi Lang
Published: January 2012

A bismaleimide (BMI) resin system based on allyl condensed polynuclear aromatic resin and 4,4'-bismaleimidodiphenyl methane was prepared in this paper. The chemical structures and rheological properties of the resin prepolymer were characterized by FTIR and viscometer, respectively. DSC was used to study the curing reaction of the resin prepolymer, and TG-DTG was employed to study the thermal behaviors of the cured resin. Moreover, physical properties of the BMI resin, including mechanical and dielectric properties, were studied. The results showed that the BMI resin had good thermo-stability, good mechanical properties and excellent dielectric properties. Introduction
The Effect of Cr Content on the Microstructure and Performance of Heat Resistant Nodular Cast Iron
Authors: Li Hong Bo , Li Hai Tao , Li Chun Jie , Qu Li Jie
Published: January 2012

By way of alloying, a sort of low-chromium heat-resistant ductile iron material was developed. Through the observation of microstructure, testing of mechanical properties and process performance, heat-resistant test, the microstructure and properties of heat resistant ductile iron of low chromium was studied. The results show that microstructure of the developed heat-resistant ductile iron is spherical graphite distributed regularly on matrix of pearlite and a small amount of ferrite; mechanical properties, processing performance and high-temperature heat resistance of samples of different chrome composition are preferable, but 1.6% of chromium component possess the best performance.
Li+ Extraction/Insertion Reaction with MgMn0.5Ti0.5O3 Spinel in the Aqueous Phase
Authors: Li Heng
Published: January 2012

Inverse spinel-type metal oxides, magnesium-manganese-titanium oxide(MgMn0.5Ti0.5O3), was prepared by a coprecipitation/thermal crystallization method. The extraction/insertion reaction with this material was investigation by X-ray, saturation capacity of exchange, and Kd measurement. The acid treatments of MgMn0.5Ti0.5O3 caused Mg2+ extractions of more than 82%, while the dissolutions of Mn4+ and Ti4+ were less than 15%.The experimental results have proved that the acid-treated sample has a capacity of exchange 7.6 mmol•g-1 for Li+ in the solution.
A Study on Cu and Nb Precipitation during High Temperature Tempering in Low Carbon Steels
Authors: Guo Hui , Sun Xiao Ran , Yang Shan Wu , Wang Xue Min , Shang Cheng Jia
Published: January 2012

The microstructure evolution and precipitation behavior of two low carbon steels are studied, with 0.05C-0.77%Nb added in one steel and (0.03C-)1.63Cu-0.74%Nb added in the other as a comparison. In the Cu-Nb steel tempered at 600°C for 18 hrs, there are two peaks in the particle size distribution figure, one between 2-3nm formed by NbCN precipitates, and the other, 10-12nm for Cu precipitates. The TEM observation on carbon replica shows that the average particle diameter of NbCN precipitate is 2.81±0.78nm in C-Nb steel, while 4.23±0.95 nm in Cu-Nb steel with lower carbon. The analysis shows that this size increase of NbCN not only decreases the precipitation strengthening, but also weakens significantly the pinning effect on the dislocations, which results in a more serious microstructure softening in Cu-Nb steel.
A Comparative Study on Wood Properties of Teaks from Different Geographical Provenances
Authors: Peng Peng Xiang , Li Kai Fu , Liang Kun Nan , Xu Kai Meng
Published: January 2012

In order to understand the effects of geographical provenances of teak on wood properties and improve the quality of afforestation in china, research was carried on wood properties of eight provenances of teak at age 27 in Ledong Country, Hainan Island. The slices revealed that the constructional characteristics from different geographical provenances of teak were very similar. But the effect of geographical provenance on teak wood properties was highly significant. The relationship results for properties of teak showed that properties of most wood species had the obvious relation with basic density, which can be used to guide the selection of the teak provenance in the early planting to improve the quality of teak.
Effects of Semi-Solid Isothermal Treatments on Microstructures of Quasicrystal Reinforced AZ91 Alloys
Authors: Liu Zhao Ming , Wang Xin , Zhang Ying Bo , Gao Hong
Published: January 2012

The as-cast and semi-solid microstructures of quasicrystal reinforced AZ91 alloys were investigated. The results show that the main phases of as-cast AZ91ZY1 and AZ91ZY2 alloys are all α-Mg, I-phase, Mg17Al12 and Al2Y phase. The grain boundary phases contents increase with increasing Y and Zn contents. The better semi-solid processing technological parameters of AZ91ZY1 and AZ91ZY2 alloys are 580 °C, 30 min and 560 °C, 30 min respectively. The better semi-solid processing temperature of AZ91ZY2 alloy is lower than the one of AZ91ZY1 alloy is mainly attributed to the higher contents of the grain boundary phases in the AZ91ZY2 alloy.
Local Laser Heating Effect on Raman Spectroscopy of β-Co2(OH)3Br
Authors: Liu Xiao Dong , Lu Jing , Fujihala Masayoshi , Meng Dong Dong , Xu Xing Liang , Zheng Xu Guang , Chen Zheng Wei , Guo Qi Xin
Published: January 2012

Raman (4000-95 cm–1) spectra of the recently identified magnetic geometric frustration material – deformed pyrochlore-structure hydroxyl cobalt bromide β-Co2(OH)3Br polycrystalline sample were measured using 10X and 50X microscopic objectives under different laser powers at room temperature. It is found that the obtained Raman bands at these experimental conditions are slightly different from one another. This phenomenon is caused by the so-called local laser heating effect and can help predict the temperature-dependent spectral behavior of β-Co2(OH)3Br around the room temperature. The Raman spectral experiments down to liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) confirmed this local laser heating effect.
Microstructure and Properties of ZcuSn3Zn8Pb6NiFeCo Alloy
Authors: Wang Qiang Song , Song Zuo Fei , Feng Zai Qiang , Wang Zi Dong
Published: January 2012

In Situiron nanoparticles can be formed during copper alloy solidification. Here we consider ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1FeCo alloy.It is noted that high undercooling is the motive power of nanoparticles during solidification , which would act as heterogeneous nuclei to achieve outstanding contribution for grain refinement compared to ZCuSn3Zn8Pb6Ni1 alloy. Convection of the melt inhibit the growth of nanoparticles by way of prohibitting the deposition of iron atoms on the surface.This technique offer new enlightenment for the control of in-situ nanoparticles formed during alloy solidification,and also opens the door to a new class of dispersed nanoparticles strengthened materials.
Synthesis and Field Emission Properties of Electroless Nickel Deposition on Carbon Fibers
Authors: Yang Lan , Ke Zhi Jian , Ye Yun , Guo Tai Liang
Published: January 2012

Carbon fibers (CNFs) were surfacial metallized by electroless deposited with nickel, and their field emission properties were investigated by diode test. The results indicated that the CNFs owned better field emission properties after electroless depositing nickel for 30 min, with nickel metal thickness as 3.25 µm and the volume resistivity down to 1.3510-4 Ω•cm. The morphology and composite of Ni-coated CNFs were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractions (XRD), respectively. The results indicated Ni-coated CNFs were amorphous and had better surface. The field emission tests showed when applied voltage was 832V, Ni-coated CNFs appeared bright dots, and the high luminance achieved 988cd/m2 under applied voltage 1456V.
Analysis of Elastic Moduli and Fracture of Concrete with Nature Element Method in Mesoscale
Authors: Qu Hong Chang , Zhang Bei Yi , Zhang Feng
Published: January 2012

Based on the natural element method (NEM), which is a kind of meshless method, a two-dimensional numerical simulation method is developed and applied to the analysis of overall elastic moduli and fracture of solids. The calculated results are compared with the experimental solutions for overall elastic moduli, fracture and stress-strain curves for two, three and four graded concrete with FEM solutions in plane. The numerical results show the presented method is easy to implement and very accurate, especially for solving the problems of crack propagation.
Prediction of Cutting Consumption Based on Optimization-Making RBF Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Gong Min Qing , Sun Ming Wei , Huang Min , Xiang Shu Wen
Published: January 2012

Excision rate was fitted and predicted via building on cutting parameters affecting cutting machining process with Optimization-Making RBF (OMRBF) Neural Network. Radial basis function was made to select the best optimized distribution density in order to advance the fitting and forecasting capability of RBF. The result of OMRBF was compared with BP Neural Network’s, what showed that the fitting and forecasting accuracy of OMRBF was much higher than BP Neural Network’s.
Selective Etching of Pressure-Crystallized Bisphenol-A Polycarbonate by Dimethylacetamide at Room Temperature
Authors: Lu Jun , Huang Rui
Published: January 2012

The high-pressure crystallized bisphenol-A polycarbonate (BAPC) and BAPC / dioctyl phthalate (DOP) blend samples were prepared in a piston-cylinder apparatus, and the recovered specimens were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As for the fracture surfaces without etching technique applied, the detailed information of the crystal morphologies of BAPC was not shown, though the outlines of such aggregations as spherulites and cylindrulite were still exposed due to the high-temperature degradation during the long time crystallization. However, the delicate internal structures of these aggregates were revealed clearly by the introduction of a facile etching method. The used etchant, dimethylacetamide, was capable of dissolving only amorphous, but not crystalline BAPC at room temperature. With the employed selective etching technique, BAPC spherulites with fine structures and different characteristics were observed. Spatial dendrites of the polymer were also disclosed in BAPC samples plasticized with DOP after a deep etching process. Furthermore, by controlling the etching process, unique hierarchical structures, composed of nano-structured micrometer-sized crystalline entities of BAPC, was created on the fracture surfaces. The study presented here suggested that selective etching is a more effective route to reveal the inner structures of polymer crystals, as well as to fabricate new surface active materials, such as a super-hydrophobic surface with self-cleaning effect.
Construction of a Museum: An Example of Cultural Education
Authors: Wu Chao Yen , Huang Hsin Yi , Huang Min Chuan
Published: January 2012

Kinmen Island has been removed the views of military victory and the military control, such as cross-strait reconciliation period of withdrawal of the people such as Kinmen residents, foreign nationals, Chinese nationals, Taiwan aborigines, and younger generation in Kinmen Island, etc. Moreover, Kinmen has been generating political recognition and qualitative change from the post-modernist re-interpretation of modernism in the international orientation. Historical research methods, action research, knowledge management, the concept of national defense education structure proposed the image of construction of Kinmen Military Museum and corrected with the nature of present sightseeing tour like abandoned military static display of feel-good impression, the proposed construction of the North Nancy tourist routes, the 3D multimedia show, the development of Kinmen overview. Kinmen attractions with RFID or smart mobile phone to broadcast system explain tourism standardization. The goal of the MRT journey is supplemented by the tour guide to accompany the details of individuals, to upgrade the standard of tourism on the ground of accelerated integration of the national culture, to create both China and Taiwan residents the goal of permanent peace.
Physical Simulation of the Cutting Process Induced by Tool Geometric Angle and Cutting Parameters
Authors: Wang Xue Hui , Zhou Ping , Liu Ya Wen , Dai Ming Jun
Published: January 2012

The tool geometric angle and cutting parameters have a significant influence on the titanium alloy milling process by the usage of solid carbide end mills.The physical simulation method was applied to predict the cutting force and temperature by using two comparative sets of simulation data such as the different tool gemetric angle as tool rake angle, helix angle and different cutting parameters such as spindle speed, axial depth of cut, radial depth of cut. Thus are the commonly used methods to simulate and predict the cutting process before the actual production, which can reduce product cost and time.
Oa-Based Workflow Process Design and Implementation of Approval Procedures
Authors: Yang Jin Tang , Xia Zhao Hui , Li Gong Fa , Shi Jiao Hua , Chen Wen
Published: January 2012

According to the characteristics of the preparation and revision of a Department of steel production equipment used equipment, repair and maintenance procedures, design the whole process of the procedures from the preparation to the implementation, and propose a solution of approval procedures according to the concept of OA workflow. Meanwhile, implement a custom workflow with the concept of relational database design.
Solving the Job Shop Scheduling Problem Using the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Peng , Yang Jian Xiong , Huang Ying
Published: January 2012

This paper deals with the Job Shop Scheduling Problem with the minimization of makespan as the objective. A novel meta-heuristic named imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is adopted to solve the problem. Since appropriate design of the parameters has a significant impact on the performance of the algorithm, the parameters were chosen based on orthogonal test. A local search strategy based on critical path and critical block was used to improve the performance of the algorithm. At last the algorithm was tested on a set of standard benchmark instances, and the computational results showed that the algorithm proposed performed well in both convergence rate and better global optima achievement.
A Novel Rigid Vacuum Insulation Panel: Vacuum Insulation Sandwich
Authors: Zhang Juan , Chen Zhao Feng , Zhou Jie Ming , Li Bin Bin , Chen Zhou
Published: January 2012

VIP (Vacuum insulation panel), as a high performance insulation component, combine with limited thickness, have recently been introduced to numerous energy conservation applications. VIP consists of a highly insulating core material and a gas tight barrier envelope which is generally composed of plastic film and aluminum film. When the envelope is stainless steel sheet, VIP is called VIS (vacuum insulation sandwich). Because of this hardly permeable rigid barrier, VIS presents more fantastic properties such as resistance against external mechanical loads and penetration of atmospheric gases and water vapor. Consequently, the service life of VIS is significantly longer than that of VIP. Detailed structure and some practical applications of VIS elements are also reviewed in this paper.
Graphene Based Ultrahin Composite Films Prepared by Layer-by-Layer Electrostatic Assembly and Spinning Coating
Authors: He Yong Qiang , He Si Yao , Gong Qiao Juan , Gao Jian Ping , Wang Xiao Dong
Published: January 2012

Ultra thin graphene oxide (GO)/polyvinyl alcohol and graphene-polyvinyl alcohol/gelatin composite films were fabricated by electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly and spinning coating methods. The assembling and coating process were traced with UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and the morphology of the formed ultra thin films was observed under scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the adsorption value of the GO based composite films linearly increased as the number of layers increased. The ultra thin graphene oxide/polyvinyl alcohol and graphene-polyvinyl alcohol/gelatin composite films have layered structure with high tensile strength because of the incorporation of GO. These strong ultra thin films have potential applications in coating, sensor and electrochemical devices.
Preparation of TiO2-HZSM-5 Composite Used for Removal of Active Brilliant Red X-3B
Authors: Zhang Wen Jie , Li Qian , He Hong Bo
Published: January 2012

A composite of TiO2 and HZSM-5 zeolite was used for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of Active Brilliant Red X-3B. The composite was prepared by solid state dispersion method. Decoloration rate increased with increasing TiO2 content to the maximum value of 80% at TiO2 content of 10%. After that, decoloration rate declined as continuing increase of TiO2 content. Adsorption of ABR X-3B on the composite had very small change and the maximum adsorption rate was not more than 5% with the variation of TiO2 content. Photocatalytic degradation varied drastically with change of TiO2 content. The optimum TiO2 content was 10% as under consideration of its adsorption and photocatalytic degradation activity.
Study on Reproduction of Color Information of Digital Image Based on Different Color Gamut
Authors: Chen Wen Ge
Published: January 2012

This paper is based on digital image color information reproduction error in a different color gamut,Through the different color gamut mapping method, image processing software Photoshop is used to make experiment and to obtain the corresponding image effect. Using digital presses to print out and use Spectrodensitometer measure the corresponding data.Using Excel software for data processing and analysis, digital image color information of loss situation is obtained in RGB and CMYK color space, It can provide certain basis for control of the color loss.
Improved Delay-Dependent Robust Stability Criteria for Discrete-Time Stochastic Uncertain Networks with Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Luo Meng Zhuo , Zhong Shou Ming
Published: January 2012

In this paper, the mean square asymptotical stability is investigated for a class of discrete-time stochastic systems with time-varying delays and norm-bounded uncertainties,a numerical example is presented to show the usefulness of the derived LMI-based stability condition.
Effect of Combined Chitosan Coating and Modified Atmosphere Packaging on the Storability of Cold-Stored Rice Field Eel (Monopterus albus) Fillets
Authors: Li Song Lin , Chen Xiao Ming , Zhao Xi Rong
Published: January 2012

After being caught and filleted, fresh rice field eel fillets were impregnate with chitosan coating solutions, and then stored in modified atmosphere package (MAP) (60%CO2 + 40%N2) at 2 °C for up to 25 days to determine the chemical, biochemical and physical changes. Fillets were left untreated (CN), or were treated with chitosan coating (CC), or combined chitosan coating with MAP (CCM). Total plate count (TPC), trimethylamine (TMA-N), total volatile bases (TVB-N), pH, colour, water loss, colour changes and hardness were monitored periodically. The results indicated that coating and MAP treatments retard the decay of fish compared to untreated samples. CCM more efficiently inhibited the growth of TPC (2-2.6 Log reductions during Astorage) than did CN and CC. CCM treatments predominantly reduced chemical spoilage, reflected in TVB-N, pH, and TMA-N, retarded water loss and maintained colour and hardness.
The Design and Implementation of Tamper Resistant Grading Function in the Science and Technology Awarding Review System
Authors: Hu Chang Xia , Liu Xiao Xing , Ma Xin Na
Published: January 2012

In the process of scientific and technical awarding review each phase involves a lot of score information. In order to embody the fairness and impartiality of review process, the safety protection of score data is particularly important. Through the research of scientific and technical awarding review system’s characteristics, this paper adopts a tamper resistant technology suitable for the system to guarantee the security of the scores. Practice proves that the use of these techniques greatly enhance the security and stability of the system.
Influences of Solution Treatment, Deformation Strain and Nanometric Al2O3 Particulate on Hardness for Nanometric Al2O3 Particulate Reinforced Al Alloy Matrix Composites Manufactured by Casting
Authors: Yang Yong Biao , Zhang Zhi Min , Meng Mu
Published: January 2012

The influences of solution treatment, deformation strain, and nanometric Al2O3 particulate on hardness for nanometric Al2O3 particulate reinforced Al alloy matrix Composites manufactured by casting were investigated. The result showed that both the hardness of AL matrix and the hardness of the composites increased dramatically with increasing solution temperatures. The hardness increased slightly with increasing deformation strain for the composites. The hardness of the composites is higher than the AL matrix after the same deformation and heat treatment. Microstructure observation revealed that the grain sizes of the composites increased with increasing solution temperature and decreased with more severe deformation.
Mechanism of Mandrel on Thickness and Profile of Parts by Shear Spinning
Authors: Zhan Mei , Qin Ya Tao , Chen Fei , Jiang Hua Bing , Wu Juan , Yang He
Published: January 2012

In order to disclose the mechanism of the mandrel on the thickness and profile of shear spun parts, the spinning processes with a mandrel or not were analyzed, and the distribution and variation of strain and stress were also investigated by experiment and finite element method. The results show that the thickness without mandrel is larger than that with mandrel on the whole. From bottom to top of spun part, the thickness with mandrel decreases gradually, while that without mandrel decreases at first and then increases. The linearity of part spun with mandrel is better than that without mandrel, but the tendency of the flange keeping backward and wrinkling of the former is larger than that of the latter. There is little difference in shear strain between parts with mandrel and mandrelless. In the midst and final stage, radial tensile strain and axial compression strain of part spun with mandrel increase sharply, while radial tensile strain without mandrel increases a little. So the wall of part spun with mandrel is thinner than that without mandrel. It’s feasible to spin without mandrel for the part with a thicker wall at opening end and no high demand for the linearity, or the linearity of the part can be improved by subsequent spinning.
The Relationship between Characteristics and Shear Strength of Structural Planes and its Effect on the Stability of Landslide
Authors: Wei Hong , Yi Jun
Published: January 2012

In this paper, the shear strength of different structural planes are tested with the hand portable shear tester in site. The study shows that the shear strength of the structural plane in the granite mass is mainly related to the roughness, the degree of cementation and interlocking of the structural plane. The shear strength of the smooth plane is less, and the plane with interlock partly is larger. In the tests basis, the paper posts out the relation between τ and σ, which can be used to calculate the stability of the landslide。
Precipitation Behavior of Cd in Al-5wt.%Cu Based Alloy during Solidification
Authors: Li Min , Cai Lan Rong , Qu Zhou De
Published: January 2012

The precipitation behavior of Cd in an Al-5wt.%Cu based alloy during solidification were investigated, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observations. It has been found that a novel phase (Al4Cu) is observed except α-Al, θ-Al2Cu, T-Al12CuMn2 phases of Al-5wt.%Cu based alloy during solidification. This phase, with chemical element similar to Al2Cu, was present as closed hexagonal structure, which distributed dispersedly at the edge of grain boundary and adjacent to Al2Cu phase. Moreover, it has the same crystal structure with Cd and satisfies the lattice matching principle, which makes it suitable for the heterogeneous nucleation site for precipitation of Cd.
Study on Agricultural Waste Management Information System
Authors: Wu Rui Juan , Shi Zai Tao , Chen Jia , Xu Guang Yin
Published: January 2012

This paper analyzes the characteristics of waste resources and utilization status, information technology the role and utilization status in the waste resources management, put forward using 3S technology (GIS, RS, GPS), Internet technology, data sharing technology and a variety of statistical and management software to establish the Waste Resource Management Information System, this system covers the waste resources information which about the waste resources from the "cradle" to "grave" life cycle,so as to improve waste resources management level, and provide support for its utilization.Solve the problem in the course of waste resources convert into energy. Provide information support for the waste resources conversion technology large-scale commercial application, accelerate the commercial development process.Provide up-to-date information on the opportunities for growing crops for energy and using farm residues, achieve to modernization of waste resource management, improve the level of waste resource management,provide independent information and advice to agriculture, academia, Government, industry, the media and the public.
Experimental Study of Thermal Energy Storage in Solar System Using PCM
Authors: Kanimozhi B. , Ramesh Bapu B.R.
Published: January 2012

This paper summary the investigation and analysis of thermal energy storage extracted from solar heater and use for domestic purpose. Choosing a suitable phase change materials paraffin wax used for storing thermal energy in insulation tank. The tank carries minimum of 45 liters capacity of water and 50 numbers copper tubes each copper tube carries minimum of 100 grams PCM materials. Inside the tank phase change materials are receiving hot water from solar panel. This solar energy is stored in Copper tubes each copper tube contains PCM Materials as latent heat energy. Latent heat is absorbed and stored in Copper tubes .Large quantity of solar energy can be stored in a day time and same heat can be retrieved for later use. The tank was instrumented to measure inlet and outlet water temperature. The differences of temperature of the water is measured in a definite interval of time have been noted then calculating heat transfer rate and system effectiveness. The heat storage system is to be applied to store solar energy and the stored heat is used for domestic hot water supply system.
Research on Voltage-Chopping and Energy-Saving Controlling Technology for Three-Phase AC Asynchronous Motor
Authors: Sun Dian Sheng
Published: January 2012

This work discusses the basic principles of Voltage-Chopping and energy-saving technology for the three-phase AC asynchronous motor running in the low load conditions causing the low power factor and low efficiency. On this basis, Developed chopping control and energy saving controller for three-phase AC asynchronous motor .By real-time detection of power factor and other parameters，the energy-saving controller using PWM chopped-controlled voltage regulator means regulating the motor supply voltage to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
Mechanism and Suspension Control Study for Spherical Reluctance Motor with Magnetic Levitation
Authors: Zeng Li , Wang Jun , Zhang Dan
Published: January 2012

This paper presents a novel Multi-Degree-of-Freedom spherical reluctance motor with magnetic levitation, it analyses mechanism of magnetic force and electromagnetic torque that spherical motor generates. Conducted a comprehensive control of the spherical motor and analysis and simulate the results of the suspension control system. The simulation experiments show that the state synchronization suspension control owns high precision and immunity to interference
The Research and Development of Mine Main Fan’s On-Line Fault Diagnosis Expert System
Authors: Zhao Qiang
Published: January 2012

In order to diagnose mine fan fault timely, to enhance and improve the level of safety of coal mining enterprises, construct fuzzy expert system based on multiple symptom. The system presents a inference model based on rules and cases, establish fault diagnosis knowledge base of the rules and cases.Using pros and cons mixed reasoning strategy, according to the fault symptom obtained from man-machine conversation, dialogue diagnosis was carried out on the equipment fault.Use the calculation of symptom and rules confidence to produce fault result confidence to screen and order the faults,and export supporting information such as the diagnostic process explanation and maintenance plan and so on,which is convenient for users to understand and carry out various processing.
Frequency Control in a Micro Grid with Wind Turbine System
Authors: Shahrood Amir Jalali , Moghaddas Tafreshi S.M. , Houshmand Viky A. , Lahiji Azim Saliminiaie , Hamidi Milad Moghassem
Published: January 2012

In this paper a micro grid that consists of micro turbine, fuel cell, wind turbine, electrolyzer, ultra capacitor and battery, is analyzed for frequency control, during several load disturbances. In other word, produced power from all the other distributed generation (DG) sources are regulated by PI controllers. As the balance between the load and generation changes, the power system frequency deviates. In order to reduce these frequency deviations, the PI controllers, used to regulate the power flow from DGs. It is proposed that, proportional and integral gains tuned through trial and error method.
River's Meander Energy Conservation as a Renewable Energy Recourse, a Mathematical and Technology Status Review
Authors: Tavani Hadi Molaei
Published: January 2012

The growing demand for electrical energy is one of the most important subjects today. Renewable energies give a good perspective to be an alternative to fossil and nuclear-fueled power plants, in order to meet growing demand for electrical energy. River current energy conversion systems are electromechanical energy converters that convert kinetic energy of river water into other usable forms of energy. However, the potentials of this technology as an effective and renewable source of alternative energy have not yet been explored to a great extent. In this research investigated the use of computational fluid dynamics in predicting hydrokinetic energy, and effective parameters of river's meander to generated hydro electrical energy. The survey shows that in this case study can generate justifiable energy in meander and it show that can use the meander of rivers are one of the renewable source. This article may serve as a coherent literature survey or technology review that would provide better understanding of the subjacent issues and possibly rejuvenate research interest in this immensely potential field of energy engineering
Research on the Characteristic of Diesel Elastic-Plate Impingement Spray
Authors: Wang Chang Yuan , Liu Fu Shui , Li Xiang Rong
Published: January 2012

A series of experimental research results on the characteristic of diesel elastic-plate impingement spray using High Speed Photography camera are presented in this paper. The experiments were carried out in a constant volume chamber specially designed, which can hold a high ambiance pressure. The special fixed device was designed so that the elastic-plate can be fixed on the spray path, meanwhile the spray incident angle and height can be changed. The free jet spray and elastic-plate impingement spray was compared under the same experimental condition including different injection pressure and different background pressure. Experimental research showed that impingement spray droplets diffuse more quickly than free jet spray.
Study and Handling on the Safety of Water Pressure Blast of Cisterns
Authors: Yan Zhi Xin , Jiang Ping , Wang Hou Yu
Published: January 2012

The research deals with the issues and handling regarding the safety of complexly-structured round water pressure blast of cisterns, including calculating the safety-needed explosive quantity, explosive distribution mode, pre-treatment before the blast, safe construction and safe checking. The research specially focuses upon some safety issues and a general introduction to the safety measures to take in the project. Similar projects can also refer to it.
Regulatory Factor Optimization by Response Surface Methodology for Biogas Yield by Methanobacterium Soehngenii Strain YH
Authors: Wang Zhi , Chen Xiong , Wang Yong Ze , Zhao Jin Fang , Fan Ting Ting , Wang Jin Hua , Li Dong Sheng
Published: January 2012

The methanogen medium, supplemented with malate, succinate and glutamate, was used as substrates for high biogas yield by M. soehngenii YH. The fermentation medium was optimized by response surface methodology. First, more compatible concentrations of malate, succinate and glutamate were ensured. In the second step, the concentrations of the three supplemental nutrients above were further optimized using a Box–Behnken design. The average biogas yield (450 mL), 61% higher than those of the control in five independent samples, was obtained on the laboratory scale with optimized initial additions of malate, succinate and glutamate corresponding to 0.52 g/L, 1.06 g/L and 0.33 g/L, respectively. These would lay a foundation for increasing the efficiency of biogas synthesis and exploring a late-model culture technics of M. soehngenii.
Temporal Change in Fragmentation in China’s Primary Forest Ecoregions
Authors: Li Ming Shi , Mao Li Jun , Lu Cheng , Wang Ying
Published: January 2012

Forests are of interest from a wide range of perspectives simply because they serve many purposes, including timber products, watershed protection, wildlife habitat, carbon sequestration, recreational opportunities and aesthetic values. However, degradation or changes in forest ecosystem function and condition arise from changes in forest loss and fragmentation. In this study, based on the 1995 and 2005 land use/cover data for China, mathematical morphology coupled with the percolation theory was adopted to temporally assess changes in forest fragmentation patterns in 36 forest ecosystems of China through classifying each forest pixel into one of the six fragmentation components (interior, perforated, patch, edge, transitional and undetermined) by using the sliding window analysis technique to establish spatially explicit forest fragmentation maps. Additionally, landscape indices were also involved in the assessment of forest fragmentation status and trends. Results revealed that an accelerated fragmentation was observed in most forest ecoregions, especially in Daurian forest stepp, Hainan Island monsoon rain forests, and Northern Indochina subtropical forests with a sharp change in fragmentation patterns. The increased fragmentation was evidenced by a decreasing share of interior forest and an increasing trend of area share for perforated forest, patch forest and edge forest. In addition, derivations of geospatial indices from another three selected typical forest ecoregions also further confirmed the accelerated fragmentation. The increased fragmentation in most forest ecoregions of China was primarily driven by anthropogenic disturbances, including illegal logging, agricultural encroachment, infrastructure construction. Additionally, forest fragmentation maps provided valuable insights and implications regarding the development of land use strategies, habitat planning for rare and endangered species, and sustainable forest management. By utilizing the changes in fragmentation maps, such as the variation in location of the interior and perforated components, human can make effective risk assessments and crucial targets for protection and remediation.
High Chroma Water Treatment by Potassium Permanganate Chemicals in Northeast China
Authors: Yang Shi Dong , Liu Zhi Dong , Cui Feng Guo , Zhang Lan He
Published: January 2012

The potassium permanganate chemicals (PPC) was used to enhance the chroma removal of the typical raw water in northeast China. Two dosing points were investigated for PPC application and the optimized dosing point and an optimized dose of 0.5-1.5 mg/L were determined. The results showed that the PPC could solve the problem of chroma residual. The turbidity and CODMn removal were also increased. The PPC was a good alternative of polyacrylamide as coagulation aid and could save some cost.
Application of Surfer in Quality Inspection of Waterway Dredging
Authors: Zhang Hao , Shen Yi Tao , Wu Bei Bei , Zhu Ding
Published: January 2012

GPSRTK and depth sounder technology provides a foundation for outdoor digital sampling of waterway dredging quality inspection. The gathered sample data can be used by Surfer to develop a 3D underwater topography model. Surfer can create 3D visualization through 3D space analysis, makes precise calculation of underwater earthwork load possible. Based on the Hangzhou-Ningbo canal dredging project, this paper describes the applied work principle and procedure of Surfer in quality inspection of waterway dredging. The technical aspect of cross section surveying and quality inspection is also analyzed. Surfer can adopt Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson’s Rule and Simpson’s 3/8 Rule to calculate volume. This paper performs error analysis on the results of each algorithm and proves the accuracy, reliability and efficiency of Surfer in waterway dredging quality inspection.
Ecological Environment Evaluation of Coal Mining Area Based on Cloud Model
Authors: Li Dan , Fan Da Peng , Dong Chun You
Published: January 2012

In order to solve the universal uncertainty in ecological environment evaluation of coal mining area, the cloud model is proposed. Theory of cloud model is introduced; a new method of coal mineral area ecological environment evaluation based on cloud model is presented and its effectiveness is tested by example. Testified by the experiment, results of evaluation are intuitionist with more details, and approach to the fact better.