bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Timbavati Gabbro of the Kruger National Park
Authors: Walraven F.
Published: August 2012

The structure, geochemistry and isotope geochemistry of the Timbavati Gabbro, a suite of basic, intrusive sills located within and outside the Kruger National Park, are discussed. The available information is integrated into a single genetic model for the Timbavati intrusions @ this model involves melting of upper mantle material and accumulation of the magma in an intermediate magma chamber from which batches of magma escaped at various times to form the different phases of the Timbavati Gabbro. Both fractional crystallisation and assimilation of country rock played a part in the geochemical evolution of the Timbavati Gabbro. The age of the Timbavati Gabbro appears to be quite young, predating the rocks of the Karoo Sequence by a relatively short time.
An Account of the Geomorphology and Drainage of the Kruger National Park
Authors: Venter F.J. , Bristow J.W.
Published: August 2012

An outline is presented of the geomorphic history as well as the present terrain morphology and drainage of the Kruger National Park which forms part of the eastern Transvaal Lowveld. The Lowveld represents the footslope of the Drakensberg, the escarpment of which withdrew parallel from the Indian Ocean in response to the disruption of Gondwanaland. The Lowveld is typically undulating, gently undulating or flat and positive relief is caused mainly by lithological differences. The area is drained from west to east by a vast number of drainage channels, ranging from large rivers to dongas (gullies).
Soil-plant Relationships in the Central Kruger National Park
Authors: Fraser S.W. , Van Rooyen T.H. , Verster E.
Published: August 2012

There is a significant relationship between the tree communities and the soils in the Mooiplaas- Mahlangeni region of the central Kruger National Park. Shrub savanna dominated by Colophospermum mopane (mopane) as a multiplestemmed shrub occurs on all the fine-textured soils derived from basic rocks i.e. basalts, diabase and olivine gabbro. Mixed savanna woodlands dominated by either mopane or Combretum apiculatum (red bushwillow) occur on the coarse-textured soils derived from granitic gneiss. The red bushwillow is dominant on the more shallow soils. Mopane occurs in very dense stands as either stunted trees or as single-stemmed shrubs on most duplex soils. Relatively low-lying areas with saline soils are treeless. Terminalia sericea (silver cluster- leaf) is characteristic of deeper coarse-textured and somewhat poorly drained soils.
First Attempt at and Early Results on the Biological Control of Pistia stratiotes L. in South Africa
Authors: Cilliers Catharina J.
Published: August 2012

Although Pistia stratiotes L. (water lettuce) is not an important weed in the Republic of South Africa, the host-specific weevil Neohydronomus pulchellus Hustache was imported for the biological control of this weed. The weevil was released onto a dense infestation of P. stratiotes of several years standing on a pan in the Pafuri area in December 1985. By September 1986 the weevils had already destroyed most of the weed and in October 1986 the weed was under biological control at this site.
A New Species of Tubixaba Monteiro & Lordello, 1980 (Dorylaimida: Aporcelaimidae) with an Emendation of the Genus
Authors: Pretorius E.M. , Kruger J.C. De W. , Heyns J.
Published: August 2012

Tubixaba parva sp. nov., is described from the southern border of the Kruger National Park. It is much smaller and less slender, has a small-sized odontostyle and a relatively longer tail than the type and only species, Tubixaba tuxaua Monteiro & Lordello, 1980 from Brazil. The generic diagnosis is slightly emended to accommodate the new species in Tubixaba.
Habitat Selection by Marico Flycatchers and Chat Flycatchers in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park
Authors: Frost S.K. , Frost P.G.H.
Published: August 2012

Habitat selection by Marico Flycatchers and Chat Flycatchers in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park was studied during September 1985. Marico Flycatchers were found mainly along the rivers and in dune areas vegetated with tree savanna, and in both these habitats were predominantly associated with tall trees. Chat Flycatchers were found mainly in dunes vegetated with low shrubs and along areas of open river terrace. There was little difference in the overall height of the perches selected by the two species, and on the single occasion that they were seen foraging close together neither showed aggression towards the other.
Range Expansion of the Yellowbilled Oxpecker Buphagus africanus into the Kruger National Park, South Africa
Authors: Hall-Martin A.J.
Published: August 2012

The Yellowbilled Oxpecker, long believed extinct as a breeding species in the Republic of South Africa has been recorded regularly in the Kruger National Park since 1979. The first definite indication of breeding was recorded in January 1984, and final confirmation of breeding was observed in December 1985. The recovery of the ungulate populations of the park, in particular buffalo, from overhunting and rinderpest during the long period of absolute protection stretching from 1902, has ensured a suitable habitat for the immigrant Yellowbilled Oxpeckers. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the birds have colonised in the park from the population of the Gonarezhou National Park in south-eastern Zimbabwe. The movement of the birds across the 50 km Sengwe area separating the two parks is explained by the cessation of cattle dipping and the movement of buffalo out of Gonarezhou from 1977 onwards. These events were a direct consequence of the hostilities in Zimbabwe at that time.
Population Dynamics and Possible Management Options for the Rock Dassie Procavia capensis Population in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park
Authors: Fairall N. , Hanekom N.
Published: August 2012

A demographic study of the rock dassie population in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park rest camp has provided data that is used to construct a simple simulation model and it is applied to evaluate different management strategies for the rock dassie population.
Variations in the Foraging Behaviour and Burrow Structures of the Damara Molerat Cryptomys damarensis in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park
Authors: Lovegrove B.G. , Painting Suzanne
Published: August 2012

Aspects of two habitat-specific foraging behaviours of the social subterranean rodent Cryptomys damarensis, are discussed in terms of burrow structure, resource dispersion patterns, sand moisture content, burrow temperature regimes, and predatory pressures, in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park, South Africa.
Introduced Reptiles in the Addo Elephant National Park
Authors: Branch W.R.
Published: August 2012

Natural History Notes
Courtship Behaviour of Diederik Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius Observed in Kruger National Park
Authors: Smith L.J.
Published: August 2012

National History Note
New Bird and Mammal Records for the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park
Authors: Hanekom N. , Joubert P. , Kenyon P.
Published: August 2012

Natural History Note
Mammalian Taxonomy
Authors: Smithers R.H.N.
Published: August 2012

A number of important publications have appeared over the last thirty years dealing with the classification of southern African mammals. These were indeed milestones in a road that appears to have no end, for every year sees new advances in our knowledge of the relationships of our mammals.
Botany
Authors: De Graaff G.
Published: August 2012

The National Botanic Gardens of the RSA aim to promote the conservation and research of the flora of southern Africa. Since 1944, some 13 publications were issued at regular intervals as supplementary volumes to the Journal of South African Botany. In 1984 the latter amalgamated with the South African Journal of Botany which is produced for both the National Botanic Gardens and the South African Association of Botanists. The numbering of volumes followed that of the Journal of South African Botany.
Mammals
Authors: Penzhorn B.L.
Published: August 2012

At last! A book that tells visitors to the Kruger National Park much more than just gestation period and record horn length of the larger mammals.
Southern Drakensberg Botany
Authors: Guillarmod A. Jacot
Published: August 2012

In the latter part of this century, the high Drakensberg region has been well served botanically, both by extensive scientific studies and by well illustrated more general popular works which have included much on the flora.
South African Acari. IV. Some Mites of the Addo Elephant National Park
Authors: Ueckermann E.A. , Smith Meyer Magdalena K.P.
Published: August 2012

Mites collected in the Addo Elephant National Park from 1968 to 1986 are given in a check list. Comments are made on the habitats and distribution of the 36 known species. The following species are described and illustrated: Tenuipalpus robustae Meyer, spec. nov., Tydeus schotiae Ueckermann spec. nov., Paralorryia grewiae Ueckermann, spec. nov. and Pronematulus pteroni Ueckermann, spec. nov.
Physiological Responses of the Buffalo Syncerus caffer Culled with Succinyldicholine and Hexamethonium
Authors: Hattingh J. , De Vos V. , Ganhao M.F. , Pitts N.I.
Published: August 2012

Physiological responses of the buffalo Syncerus caffer culled with succinyldicholine (Scoline1) are reported and it is pointed out that a number of stressors are responsible for the observed changes in blood composition. The results are compared to those obtained in a pilot experiment from buffaloes culled with Scoline and hexamethonium, a ganglion blocker. Further investigation of the effects of hexamethonium may prove it to be of benefit to animals culled with Scoline.
Dentition and Life History of a 16-year-old Known-age Free-living Male Lion Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Kruger National Park
Authors: Whyte I.J. , Smuts G.L.
Published: August 2012

Wear in the dentition of a known-age, free-living, 16-year-old male lion is described and compared to existing age-determination techniques. Aspects of his life history are described as they are in some contrast to what is known of male lions' life history strategies.
Social Science Research Projects in South African National Parks: Introductory Notes
Authors: Odendal A.W. , Krige I.M.
Published: August 2012

The relevance of human scientific research within conservation areas is assessed. Issues of importance to the National Parks Board are mentioned in order to stimulate interest and subsequent discussion. An overview of some of the social scientific projects presently undertaken in national parks (traditional and contractual) are presented. This includes the assessment of real needs and demands of visitors to the national parks. A viability study identified important concepts while the important role played by perception in environmental evaluation is stressed. A multi-disciplinary research approach and active participation by all parties concerned in deciding the future of natural areas is advocated.
A Check List of Flowering Plants of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park
Authors: Van Rooyen N. , Van Rensburg D.J. , Theron G.K. , Bothma J. Du P.
Published: August 2012

A check list containing 397 plant species has been compiled for the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park which occupies an area of approximately 9 600 km2. These species represent 191 genera and 51 families. The Monocotyledonae are represented by 98 species (24,7 of the total number of species) and the Dicotyledonae by 299 species (75,3 of the total number of species). According to the life form spectrum the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park is a therophyte-hemicryptophyte area.
Common Names of Spiders (Araneae) of Southern Africa
Authors: Dippenaar-Schoeman Anna S. , Van den Berg Annette
Published: August 2012

South Africa has a rich spider fauna with 66 families represented by more than 5 000 species. In the past two decades both specialists and laymen have shown considerable interest in spiders. Although scientific names of the different species are available, these are usually known only to specialists. For the layman the scientific name has little meaning. The main objective of this list is to link a specific vernacular name to a particular taxon to eliminate confusion and to assist the layman. All available publications and reports, both local and those from abroad were perused to compile the list. Most of the names were available in English but due to the need for common names in Afrikaans they were translated. Although this list is not exhaustive, it may serve as a basis for a more complete list to be compiled in future. The pre- liminary list was submitted to arachnid specialists throughout the Republic of South Africa for comment and emendation. The common name recommended for use is printed in bold.
Blackchested Prinia Prinia flavicans in Breeding Plumage at Satara, Kruger National Park
Authors: Roome H.
Published: August 2012

On 8 October 1986 a pair of Blackchested Prinia Prinia flavicans in breeding plumage was observed in the camping area of Satara Rest Camp, Kruger National Park. Playing and replaying a tape recording of the call of a Pearlspotted Owl Glaucidium perlatum, in order to see what avian activity would be aroused, the recording attracted Blackeyed Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus, Whitebellied Sunbird Nectarinia talatala and Tawnyflanked Prinia Prinia subflava, in addition to the pair of Blackchested Prinia, all highly excited and in search of the intruding Pearlspotted Owl. The birds homed in on the source of the call and all species were observed from a distance of some 2 m-3 m. Although recorded previously from the Kruger National Park (Newman 1980, Birds of Southern Africa 1: Kruger National Park, Johannesburg: Macmillan) in non-breeding plumage and also referred to by Milstein & Milstein (1981, Koedoe 24: 109-117) as a species which they probably observed near Punda Milia (in winter plumage), the Blackchested Prinia recorded at Satara were most obliging and it was possible to positively identify the presence of this species in the Kruger National Park in its breeding plumage.
Gluttony Causes Death in Juvenile Puff Adder Bitis arietans
Authors: Haagner G.V.
Published: August 2012

Little is known about the predator/prey relationship in reptiles. The puff adder Bitis arietans is known to feed on a variety of food items, their diet consisting mainly of rodents, while birds, lizards and toads may be included (Broadley 1983, FitzSimons' Snakes of Southern Africa, Johannesburg: Delta Books). Pitman (1974, The Snakes of Uganda, Glasgow: Wheldon and Wesley) recorded larger prey for puff adders in East Africa, while Robertson, Chapman & Chapman (1965, Puku 3: 149-170) reported on the diet of puff adders in Tanzania and Zambia, respectively. A gravid puff adder was collected in the Manyeleti Game Reserve in the Mhala district (24@38'S, 31@28'E) of Gazankulu. On 12 February 1986 she gave birth to 28 young. The average length of the fry was 219,12 mm (S.D. 9,72 mm) and their average mass 15, 72 g (S.D. 0,67 g). The young were separated from the mother and placed in another cage. The first ecdysis was com- pleted within 24 hours. After 10 days some newly weaned mice were placed in the cage. On subsequent inspection, it was found that a young snake gorged itself to death. The young puff adder contained three young mice with a total mass of 13,8 g, while the post-mortem mass of the snake was 14,2 g. Having swallowed 97,2 of its own body weight, the snake evidently died of suffocation. The specimen was preserved and is now part of the Transvaal Museum collection in Pretoria (TM 64088).
South African Acari. V. Some mites of the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park
Authors: Smith Meyer Magdalena K.P. , Ueckermann E.A.
Published: August 2012

A check list of phytophagous and predaceous mites collected from the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park is given. Data on the habitat and distribution of the 12 known species are presented. The following 10 species are described for the first time: Typhlodromus eremicus, Bryobia orycustodia, B. birivularis, B. deserticola, Aplonobia plinthi, Neopetrobia burchelliae, N. convolvuli, N. lerichei, Aegyptobia odontipilis and Abrolophus spiculosus.
Species composition and relative seasonal abundance of spiders from the field and tree layers of the Roodeplaat Dam Nature Reserve
Authors: Dippenaar-Schoeman Anna S. , Van den Berg Alida M. , Van den Berg Annette
Published: August 2012

A survey of spiders was carried out at the Roodeplaat Dam Nature Reserve near Pretoria. Over a 4-year period 10 270 spiders were collected from grasses, herbs and trees. A total of 82 genera of spiders representing 27 families were recorded. Of all the spiders caught, 29,3 percent belonged to the Tetrag-nathidae, 22,7 percent to the Araneidae and 21,4 percent to the Salticidae. The proportion of spiders in each of the remaining 24 families did not exceed 6 percent of the total catch. The species composition and seasonal abundance are discussed.
Mark and recapture studies of two reef sparids in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park
Authors: Buxton C.D. , Alien J.C.
Published: August 2012

A mark and recapture study of two reef sparids, Chrysoblephus laticeps and C. cristiceps, was done in the Tsitsikamma Coastal National Park. Fish were marked with plastic anchor tags and an intraperitoneal injection of oxytetracycline. All recaptures were taken within two kilometres of the tagging locality, suggesting that both species are resident in the area. Growth in length during the period at liberty was very variable and sometimes negative, but was comparable with published growth rates.
Assessing veld condition in the Kruger National Park using key grass species
Authors: Trollope W.S.W. , Potgieter A.L.F. , Zambatis N.
Published: August 2012

Veld condition refers to the condition of the vegetation in relation to some functional characteristic. In the Kruger National Park important functional characteristics are the potential of the veld to produce grass forage and fuel and to resist soil erosion. Consequently a simplified technique based on 18 key grass species was developed for assessing veld conditon and monitoring the effects of wild life management practices like veld burning, development of watering points and culling. The technique has been specifically developed for use by wildlife managers and has the ability to indicate the potential of the veld to support bulk grazing animals, to carry a fire and to resist soil erosion.
Tree size as a factor influencing leaf emergence and leaf fall in Acacia nigrescens and Combretum apiculatum in the Kruger National Park
Authors: Novellie P.
Published: August 2012

In Acacia nigrescens and Combretum apiculatum saplings tended to retain leaves over the dry season, whereas the mature trees generally lost most of their leaves. In Acacia nigrescens the production of new leaves over the dry season was more commonly observed in saplings than in mature trees.
Notes on distribution and relative abundances of some animal species, and on climate in the Kruger National Park during prehistoric times
Authors: Plug Ina
Published: August 2012

Faunal remains obtained from archaeological sites in the Kruger National Park, provide valuable information on the distributions of animal species in the past. The relative abundances of some species are compared with animal population statistics of the present. The study of the faunal samples, which date from nearly 7 000 years before present until the nineteenth century, also provides insight into climatic conditions during prehistoric times.
Kwaliteit van water wat aan wild in die Kalahari-gemsbok Nasionale Park voorsien word
Authors: Dreyer H. Van A.
Published: August 2012

Kwaliteit van boorgatwater in die Kalahari-gemsbok Nasionale Park wissel van vars (<5 dele per duisend totale opgeloste soute) tot hoogs gemineraliseerd (>10 dpd). Water in krippe waaruit wild drink, het altyd 'n swakker kwaliteit as die uit 'n boorgat of uit 'n dam. Die hoe konsentrasie van soute in kripwater, wat tot gevolg het dat die water van 'n groOt aantal waterpunte as ondrinkbaar vir vee geklassifiseer kan word, word veroorsaak deur volgehoue verdamping uit damme en krippe. Damwater word egter gereeld met "varser" water vanuit boorgate aangevul, maar 'n viotterklep verhoed dit by krippe. Die belangrikste minerale en ione wat in hoe konsentrasies in hierdie waters voorkom, is Na4', SO -, CF, en in enkele gevalle ook C^i++.
The conservation and protection of the black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis in Zimbabwe
Authors: Tatham G.H. , Taylor R.D.
Published: August 2012

Selected Papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988 The demise of black rhinoceros populations in Africa is alarming and the overriding cause for the decline is illicit poaching for horn. In 1987 Zimbabwe hosted the largest contiguous population of 500 animals in the Zambezi Valley while the country's overall population is now estimated to be nearly 2 000 individuals. A strategy to conserve and protect the black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis in Zimbabwe requires four dimensions, each dependent directly or indirectly on the other, if success is to be achieved. It includes a positive reaction by the Department of National Parks and Wild Life Management, a national reaction by the government totally committed to the protection of the species, an international reaction requiring support for the stand that Zimbabwe is taking and, finally, a system of intelligence gathering which assists the different authorities in the overall conservation strategy which is being implemented.
Monitoring methods and techniques for censusing black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis bicomis in Etosha National Park
Authors: Cilliers A.
Published: August 2012

Selected Papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988 Water-hole census techniques as developed in Etosha for monitoring black rhinoceros are described in detail. The systematic recording of animals visiting water-holes at night yielded data on the population size and structure, and frequency of drinking of this species. Population size estimates derived from this method were compared with estimates derived from aerial census techniques. It was concluded that censusing at a water-hole accounted for 32 percent more animals than a total aerial count by helicopter, and 70 percent more animals than by using a fixed- wing aircraft.
Monitoring and identification of black rhinoceros Diceros bicomis in Damaraland and the compilation of a population register
Authors: Britz M. , Loutit B.C.
Published: August 2012

Selected Papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988 Identification files for black rhinoceros in Damaraland were begun in 1982. By 1986 almost every individual animal known to occur in the area was listed and documented by means of photographs and relevant data pertaining to individual animals. The maintenance of the identification files is described as are the activities of the monitoring teams. Records show that tracking on foot is the most reliable method of censusing and identifying black rhinoceros in the Damaraland area.
Law enforcement pertaining to illicit trafficking in rhinoceros horn and other trophies
Authors: Wright J.
Published: August 2012

Selected Papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988 The effective police control of illegal traffic in game trophies, as well as the procedures used by law enforcement officers in their investigations are discussed. It is also very relevant to wildlife officers dealing with law enforcement to be aware of, and to understand the statutory restraints placed on their methods of investigation by law. Existing law enforcement bodies on the international scene are mentioned.
Abstracts of papers from the Rhinoceros Conservation Workshop, Skukuza, Kruger National Park,31 August – 4 September 1988
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: August 2012

The following abstracts is included:

1.) Finances: the vital factor in rhinoceros

conservation

2.) Towards a black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis

translocation strategy to meet the aims of the

conservation plan for the species in South Africa

and the TBVC states

3.) Status, history and performance of black

rhinoceros Diceros bicornis populations in South

Africa, the TBVS states and Namibia

4.) Distribution and monitoring of black rhinoceros

Diceros bicornis populations in Zimbabwe

5.) Census and marking systems for black rhinoceros

Diceros bicornis with special reference to Zulu-

land game reserves

6.) The Auxiliary Game Guard System in northwestern

Namibia and its role in black rhinoceros

Diceros bicornis conservation

7.) Black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis capture and

translocation techniques as used in Etosha

National Park

8.) The role of non-governmental organisations in

black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis conservation in

Africa

9.) Development of an intelligence/information

network to counter poaching and the illegal trade

in trophies
Al sietmen de lui…: Perspektiewe op boere en boerejolyt in enkele Nederlandse en Afrikaanse gedigte
Authors: Van Zyl D.
Published: August 2012

Though one sees the people… (one does not therefore know them): Perspectives on farmers and boorish festivity in a number of Dutch and Afrikaans poems A selection of a few Dutch and Afrikaans poems from, inter alia, the seventeenth, nineteenth and early twentieth century, share so many characteristics in their combination of the subjects “farmer” (“boer”) and “feast”, that in this article the question is raised whether these stereotypes form part of a relatively fixed traditional topic or “storehouse” of conventions. Each poem utilizes colloquial language, diminutives and nicknames in the depiction of a dance party in a rural setting – an event characterized by immoderate behaviour, particularly regarding love-making and the use of liquor. More recent Afrikaans poems (written within a context where the initially negative term “Boer” has been transfigured positively due to the expansion of Afrikaner-Nationalist power) satirize other aspects, like status and wealth instead of backwardness, but it seems as if excess and transgression are still associated with “boer” in combination with festivity. The concept of farmer often functions as the Other in these poems, in binary opposition to the narrator.
Nieuwe momenten? De Nederlandse roman na 1985
Authors: Francken E.
Published: August 2012

New moments? The Dutch novel after 1985 Looking at the years 1985-2000, a few questions about Dutch literature seem to be relevant. Which new Dutch novels were the most successful? Which changes occurred in Dutch society during that same period? And in the literary world of the Netherlands? This article attempts to answer these questions, while at the same time arguing for a new edition of Jacques van der Elst’s Momente van die Nederlandse letterkunde (Moments in Dutch literature).
Van kind tot jong volwassene: Die ontwikkeling van die hoofkarakter in De koperen tuin van Simon Vestdijk
Authors: Van der Westhuizen B.
Published: August 2012

From child to young adult: The development of the main character in De koperen tuin (The garden where the brass band played) by Simon Vestdijk From an intertextual study it emerges that the postulated view of reality in the psychological-philosophical text De toekomst der religie (The future of religion) (1947) is transposed in narrative form in the text-internal vision of reality in the novel De koperen tuin (The garden where the brass band played) (1950). In both these texts the religious point of departure of the meaning of existence is reflected upon. Existential aspects especially highlighted, include the following: the I, the relationship with others, being involved in the situation, freedom, responsibility, guilt, angst, death, that which is “too-late”. Furthermore the extension of the moment, the directedness at a personal passion, and the individual’s courage to be and to keep “becoming” are also highlighted. All these aspects emphasizing existentialism are portrayed in the development of the main character, Nol Rieske, from little boy to young adult.
Het labyrint in de letterkunde: Van de Barok tot het Postmodernisme
Authors: Ester H.
Published: August 2012

The labyrinth in literature: From Baroque to Postmodernism The labyrinth has proved to be an essential symbol of postmodernist literature and the philosophy of our time. This symbol has apparently had the power to bridge the centuries between Ancient Greece and the year 2000. In reality the labyrinth as a geometrical figure has acquired various meanings in the course of time. The history of the labyrinth as symbol shows that the constant elements are as essential as the changes in meaning from the Middle Ages until the present day. Two of the new symbolic elements that accompany the labyrinth on its way through various cultural periods are the garden and the path of life. During the Baroque the labyrinth, for example, represented the synthesis of garden, path and maze. At the end of the twentieth century the labyrinth once more becomes a dominant and significant structure. The labyrinth reflects the inability and perhaps impossibility to find the key to the centre of the world and to discover the truth behind the words we use. On the other hand, the labyrinth suggests that the search for meaning and truth is an aim in itself or even that this search can lead to new forms of wisdom. The labyrinth therefore is an ambivalent and fascinating symbol of our time. Dedalus and Ariadne, however, have not yet brought the salvation we are waiting for.
Reading the ideological subtext in André Brink’s An Instant in the Wind and Patrick White’s A Fringe of Leaves
Authors: Wenzel M.
Published: August 2012

From a postcolonial perspective, the simultaneous publication of André Brink’s An Instant in the Wind and Patrick White’s A Fringe of Leaves provides an interesting example of rewriting. Although both texts refer to the original story of Eliza Fraser that has featured in several genres, they approach the event from different historical time-frames. This article attempts to indicate that the contextual and formal similarities between the two novels are underpinned by different ideological subtexts that clearly manifest the respective authors’ preoccupations and their unconscious reactions to socio-political contexts. It would seem that Brink’s main concern lies with race relations, while White is more engrossed with gender issues.
Die teksversorger as spookskrywer: Die teorie en professie onder die loep
Authors: Kotze A. , Verhoef M.
Published: August 2012

The text editor as invisible writer: Scrutinising the theory and the profession The aim of this article is to determine how the growing demand for properly trained language practitioners in South Africa can be met. In spite of the fact that research has established that language editing in South Africa is done in a “haphazard” manner, this article proposes that text editing should be regarded as an inseparable part of language and text practice. The autors of this article attempt to establish a uniform theoretical assumption that will be valid for all aspects of language practice. The preliminary finding is that the classical communication model as refined by Jakobson (1971) is valid for all facets of language and text practice – in other words, for translation studies, the science of texts, and text editing. Furthermore, the autors of this article aim to provide an indication of the degree to which text editors remain “invisible” in spite of the fact that they bear the final responsibility for the quality, clarity of expression and final appearance of completed texts. Although it is therefore accepted that text editing is a profession in its own right, very little has been done to date to professionalise this career in the true sense of the word.
Die dialoog tussen die voorblad, die manneplot en die verhale in Dulle Griet van Riana Scheepers
Authors: Taljaard G.H.
Published: August 2012

The dialogue between image and text in Riana Scheepers's Dulle Griet This article examines the way in which the content and theme of Riana Scheepers’s Dulle Griet (1991) interact with the “manneplot” (traditional and/or stereotypical portrayal of female characters within novels) and with the cover illustration of the book – a detail of “Mad Meg” (as she is often referred to) from Pieter Brueghel’s Dulle Griet (1562). It explores how the women in Scheepers’s short stories are portrayed – not only as vulnerable, but also as evil and corrupt. They are abused victims; but they are also tyrannical abusers. They are innocent maidens and mothers, but also lovers, prostitutes, lesbians and murderers. The way in which the gradual degeneration of the anonymous central female character relates to Brueghel’s image of “Mad Meg” on her way to the jaws of hell is discussed in this article. But the article also demontrates Scheepers’s concern with feminist issues by using the cover as an ironic “frame”, and shows that the moral decline of the women portrayed in the text seems to be as a result of the actions of chauvinistic men, who appear in different forms throughout the text. Female degeneracy can thus be seen as a survival mechanism, in a world – and a text – dominated by the masculine paradigm, the “manneplot” of traditional male attitudes to women.
Wetenskaplike woordidentifikasie en -klassifikasie in Bantoetale met besondere verwysing na Zoeloe
Authors: Posthumus L.
Published: August 2012

Scientific word identification and classification in Bantu languages with special reference to Zulu Despite the fact that Van Wyk’s word theory (1958) is the only scientifically justified word theory for Bantu languages, his work has not had the expected impact on the study of Bantu languages (especially the Nguni languages). This is partly due to the fact that his thesis was written in Afrikaans and is inaccessible to many Bantu language scholars. Secondly, this state of affairs is due to the fact that his treatise is highly theoretical and that the principles have not been applied exhaustively to Zulu or any of the other Nguni languages. Lombard et al.’s Northern Sotho grammar of 1985 is the only grammar written totally within the Van Wykian framework. The recognition of a word category “particle (word)” is probably the aspect that has had the most far-reaching consequences for a morphological and syntactical analysis of Bantu languages. The justification for distinguishing a word category “particle word” is examined in this article.
The musical magic of ambiguity in Benjamin Britten’s Death in Venice
Authors: Spies B.M.
Published: August 2012

This essay investigates the blurred musical significations in Benjamin Britten’s Death in Venice, an opera based on Thomas Mann’s important novella Der Tod in Venedig. The discussion of multiple meanings links up with two categories of ambiguity as set out by William Empson in his Seven Types of Ambiguity, that is two or more meanings which do not agree among themselves, but combine to make clear a more complicated state of mind, and two opposite meanings that show a fundamental division in the mind of the protagonist. It is indicated how this opera, as a story through music, portrays the physical and moral decay of the anti-hero, Gustav von Aschenbach, who enters the opera as a celebrated, worldrenowned writer.
Taaloordrag in die onderrig van Afrikaans as tweede taal
Authors: Stander M.
Published: August 2012

Language transfer in the teaching of Afrikaans as a second language The biggest problem facing lecturers of Afrikaans as a second language at tertiary institutions is the fact that second-language students are usually taught by non-native speakers at primary and secondary levels. The language form used by these teachers shows clear deviations in comparison to the standardised form. This language form, which can be compared to an interlanguage, has its own distinctive features, and forms the target language of second-language speakers. The short period that second-language speakers are exposed to the standardised form at tertiary level is not enough to improve the situation significantly. The result is that students who qualify themselves as teachers, will transfer the same language form to their pupils at primary and secondary levels. One of the consequences is that this language form develops into a non-standardised form. Examples of deviations from teachers’ as well as from students’ language forms will be compared to indicate clearly the transfer that takes place.
Doubling desire: The Yeatsian Daimon
Authors: Meihuizen N.
Published: August 2012

Through the agency of Daimonic desire, Yeatsian spiritualism repeats empirical existence. In positing a desire that extends beyond the limits of individual human life, Yeats denies the definitive value of an exclusive finitude, such as that perceived by Michel Foucault in The Order of Things (1974). If Yeats, involved in a qualified manner in an aspect of Foucault’s analytic of finitude, is a modernist, he is related to that type Fredric Jameson calls the “anti-modern modernist” (Jameson, 1991:304), the modernist who reacts against modernisation. In discussing Daimonic desire, then, it is congruous with a reading of Yeats to do so both from the perspective of the empirical realm of the “dying generations”, and the spiritual realm of the “artifice of eternity”. In the first case the Daimon can surely be understood as a manifestation of the Zeitgeist, but how do we understand the spirits in the second case, who have transcended the ultimate limit of finitude, death itself, and who thus rock the three Foucauldian cornerstones of finitude – life, labour, and language, “marked by the spatiality of the body, the yawning of desire, and the time of language” (Foucault, 1974:315)? Clearly, for Yeats, life is not limited by death; labour is not limited by a somnolent desire; and language is not confined within the span of a single life.
Konteks: ’n metafoorskeppende veranderlike
Authors: Botha W.J.
Published: August 2012

Context: A mechanism for the creation of metaphor When the new South African Constitution was adopted on 8 May 1996, the former Deputy President Thabo Mbeki – president since June 1999 – made a statement on behalf of the ANC. In his address he used the expression “I am an African” in an extraordinary way: to promote the idea of a “rainbow nation”. From a cognitive linguistic view this article analyses the development of the metaphor status of this specific expression against the background of relevant contextual variables. It is argued that the speech context functions in various ways: it filters information from different conceptual experience domains; it explicates the generic space to some degree, contrary to its customary role in the creation of a metaphor, in which case the generic space functions at a low level of description; and as such it links the source and target domains of the relevant metaphoric expression. Although the expression “I am an African” reveals a characteristic metaphorical structure, cross-domain mapping in this instance takes an opposite route due to the fact that this expression acquires its metaphorical features at deep-rooted levels of conceptual blending, instigated by the specific speech context.
Die diskoers tussen Job en Cloete struktureelsemanties beskou
Authors: Buscop J.
Published: August 2012

A structural-semantic view of the discourse between Job and Cloete This article examines an aspect of the interaction between linguistics and literature. It is argued that the structural-semantic theory as developed by A.J. Greimas provides a useful approach in guiding the reader towards a realisation of a coherent whole in literary texts. Possibilities for the application and amplification as well as the usefulness in literature are examined, resulting in the identification of isotopies by means of which cohesion can be attained. In structural semantics an isotopy is the backbone of textual analysis – an isotopy being constituted by sememes, compelled by nuclear and textual semes, within the topos alignment of classemes. The Job-texts written by T.T. Cloete in the “transkripsie” and “perifrase” section of Idiolek are used as sample texts. The article attemps to indicate that structural semantics as theory, and especially its amplification as put forward in this article, is able to provide heuristic guidance in tracing the Job/Cloete discourse.
Register-analysis as a means for eliciting the meaning of literary texts
Authors: Jeffery C.
Published: August 2012

Intuitive reading of a literary text does not enable one to understand how the text means. For that purpose one needs a suitable semantic theory. This article proposes such a theory, based on the concept of register as meaning-potential. Situation-types have semiotic properties, which set up expectations of the kind of meaning likely in that kind of situation, and those expectations constitute the meaning-potential of the situation, that is the register, which is realised in whatever texts are actually uttered there. So register determines meaning; and register is determined by situationtype, which can be precisely defined by means of categories of (discourse-) situation. Five such categories are put forward. Their application constitutes register-analysis. The process is demonstrated on a literary text; and it is claimed that an intuitive, practical-criticism-type analysis could not be as clear, precise and comprehensive as a register-analysis. And the coherent theory of meaning which supplies the categories also provides a consistent, defined metalanguage to work in. So register-analysis offers a significant advance on intuitive reading.
Tekslinguistiek: van teorie tot praktyk
Authors: Prinsloo S.
Published: August 2012

Text linguistics: From theory to practice In this article it is argued that theory and practice are reconcilable in the case of text linguistics and the teaching of writing skills. First, text linguistics as a theoretical discipline is explained. Text linguistics, according to De Beaugrande and Dressler (1981), focuses on the seven constitutive principles, as well as the three regulative principles of textuality that determine the linguistic quality or standard of a text. The constitutive principles are cohesion, which in its turn, can be obtained by means of reference, ellipsis, substitution, conjunction and lexical cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, information, contextuality and intertextuality. The three regulative principles are efficiency, effectiveness and appropriateness. This is followed by a discussion of the relationship between text linguistics and the teaching of writing skills. Knowledge of the principles of text linguistics enables the teacher of writing skills to evaluate texts and to make learners aware of the properties of a “good” text, resulting in effective communication. Text-linguistic concepts are then applied to texts created by Afrikaans second-language speakers. It is then indicated how knowledge of text-linguistic concepts can be an aid in the teaching of writing skills.
Die taalkundige analise van ’n literêre teks: leksikale kohesie in 'My broer se kraai'
Authors: Van den Berg G.
Published: August 2012

A linguistic analysis of a literary text: Lexical cohesion in 'My broer se kraai' In this article the positive interaction between language and literature is investigated from a text-linguistic perspective. In text linguistics linguistic investigation is at stake as it attempts to establish the textuality of linguistic structures with the help of as many linguistic means as possible (Carstens, 1997:7). In this article a literary text is used to obtain knowledge of the nature of the language used in the text, while at the same time linguistics is applied to find out more about the literary text – in this case “My broer se kraai” – the short story that is analysed. Furthermore, this article emphasizes the contribution of lexical cohesion in the teaching of literature. Research already undertaken reveals that different types of lexical cohesion are interwoven in a text and form a unit that links with the theme of the given text. The lexical cohesion singled out in the text will not necessarily have the same value and meaning for every reader. What is important, however, is that cohesion has achieved its purpose if the reader is able to experience and understand the text as a coherent unit.
Aspekte van die outeursfunksie in Antjie Krog se Lady Anne (1989)
Authors: Crous M.
Published: August 2012

Aspects of the author function in Antjie Krog’s Lady Anne (1989) The purpose of this essay is to investigate the Foucauldian notion of the so-called “author function” in Antjie Krog’s seventh volume of poetry, viz. Lady Anne (1989). It is an attempt to show how the notion of the death of the author (Barthes) links up with this theorisation of Foucault. Furthermore, it is also an attempt to indicate the characteristic features of the so-called “author function” in the late eighties in Afrikaans poetry, especially with regard to the conflict between aestheticism and political ideology in poetic expression. Focus is also placed on the role of the author’s name within the discursive framework of what is regarded as “Afrikaans literature”, as well as the author’s interaction with other authors within that discursive framework, in particular, Breyten Breytenbach.
The many 'faces' of history: Manly Pursuits and Op soek na generaal Mannetjies Mentz at the interface of confrontation and reconciliation
Authors: Wenzel M.
Published: August 2012

Several English and Afrikaans novels written during the nineties focus on confrontation with the past by exposing past injustices and undermining various myths and legends constructed in support of ideological beliefs. This commitment has gradually assumed the proportions of a Truth and Reconciliation Commission. A comparison of two recent novels dealing with events preceding and during the Anglo-Boer War, Manly Pursuits by Ann Harries and Op soek na generaal Mannetjies Mentz (In search of General Mannetjies Mentz) by Christoffel Coetzee provides an interesting angle to this debate. This article is an attempt to contextualise these novels within the larger framework of a contemporary South African reality; to acknowledge and reconcile, or assemble, disparate “faces” of a South African historical event at a specific moment in time. In Manly Pursuits, Ann Harries focuses on the arch imperialist, the “colossus of Africa”, Cecil John Rhodes, to expose the machinations behind the scenes in the “take over” of southern Africa, while in the Afrikaans novel, Op soek na generaal Mannetjies Mentz, the General becomes the embodiment of collective guilt. Written within a postmodern paradigm, both texts problematize the relationship between history and fiction by revealing deviations from “historic data” suggesting alternate versions of such "documentation" and by juxtaposing the private lives of historical personages with their public images.
Die vertaler as bemagtigingsagent: ’n gevallestudie
Authors: Rodrigues T.R.
Published: August 2012

The translator as agent of empowerment: A case study In this article the focus is on the role of the translator as an agent of empowerment for linguistically marginalised communities; it also raises the practical issue of his/her role as an intermediary equipped with knowledge of the source and target cultures and their (non-)overlap. The community translation approach, which emerged from a socio-linguistic perspective, forms the basis for this point of departure. The aim of this approach is to give these communities access to the same information and services as the linguistical “elite”. In order to realise this, the translator uses discourse patterns and linguistic conventions of the target group. For this approach, the needs of the target audience in the translation process are of paramount importance. To illustrate the translator’s role as an agent of empowerment as well as an effective intermediary, this article’s focus is on translation strategies used in a pragmatic text.