bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of digital breast tomosynthesis for the analysis of non-calcified BI-RADS 4A lesions on mammograms
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Lin Luyi , Zhou Jiayin , Sun Shiyun , You Chao , Gu Yajia
Published: December 2022

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the role of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) in the differential diagnosis of digital mammography (DM) lesions classified as 4A according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS).
Methods: The DM and DBT of patients diagnosed with non-calcified BI-RADS 4A lesions at our institution between January 2019 and August 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The BI-RADS 4A lesions on DM were downgraded to BI-RADS 3 if the lesion on DBT was more visible than on the mammogram and more than 50% of its boundary was sharp without suspicious signs of malignancy. Conversely, the lesions were upgraded to BI-RADS 4B and 4C if they presented with an irregular shape or showed non-circumscribed margins on DBT. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the categorical variables, and the T-test was used to analyze the continuous variables between the benign and malignant pathologically confirmed cases.
Results: A total of 191 lesions were evaluated, of which 129 were confirmed to be benign on pathology examination, and the rest were malignant.After plus DBT,25.1% of lesions showed lesion type change which was asymmetry on DM but presented mass or architectural distortion on DBT, and 46.3 % of the asymmetric DM lesions were seen as a uniform mass on DBT. DBT showed superior or equal visualization to DM for circumscribed masses. Most (97.2%) of the circumscribed masses on DBT were confirmed benign on pathology, while 91.7% of the non-circumscribed were confirmed to be malignant on pathology. After plus DBT,61.8% of the lesions had BI-RADS change, for the lesions downgraded to BI-RADS 3 on DBT, there were 54.3% confirmed to be benign on pathology, while 64.5% of upgraded to BI-RADS 4B or 4C lesions were malignant on pathology.
Conclusion: DBT can be used to facilitate the discrimination of benign and malignant BI-RADS 4A lesions on DM and hence reduce the need for unnecessary biopsies.
A Prototype For Quantum Database In Hybrid Quantum: A Complete Ecosystem
Authors: CHAKRABORTY SAYANTAN
Published: December 2022

This study proposes a prototype And a possibility to converge both classical databases and fully quantum databases. This study mostly
identifies the gap between this classical database and quantum database and proposes a hypothesis and prototype that can be implemented
in future products. It is a way that can be used in future industrial product development on hybrid quantum computers. The existing
concept used to consider oracle as a black box in this study opens up the possibility for the quantum industry to develop the QASAM
module so that we can create a fully quantum database instead of using a classical database as BlackBox.As the Toffoli gate is basically
an effective NAND gate it is possible to run any algorithm theoretically in quantum computers. So we will propose a logical design
for memory management for the quantum database, security enhancement model, Quantum Recovery Manager & automatic storage
management model, and more for the quantum database which will ensure the quantum advantages. In this study, we will also explain the
Quantum Vector Database as well as the possibility of improvement in duality quantum computing. It opens up a new scope, possibilities,
and research areas in a new approach for quantum databases and duality quantum computing.
Uncovering N7-Methylguanosine regulator-mediated methylation modification pattern and Landscape of anti-PD-1/L1 Immunotherapy and immune microenvironment infiltration characterization in Lower-Grade Glioma
Authors: Maimaiti Aierpati , Feng Zhaohai , Liu Yanwen , Turhon Mirzat , Xie Zhihao , Baihetiyaer Yilimire , Wang Xixian , Kasimu Maimaitijiang , Jiang Lei , Wang Yongxin , Wang Zengliang , Pei Yinan
Published: December 2022

Background: N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification signature has been found recently in cancer and is now known as an essential regulator of tumor progression and treatment. As a result of the function of m7G methylation modification genes in tumorigenesis and progression, there isn't much information related to the genomic profile of lower-grade gliomas(LGGs).
Methods: In this research, bioinformatics analysis methods were used to characterize m7G modifications in individuals with LGG from The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA). Afterward, gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA), single sample GSEA(ssGSEA), CIBERSORT algorithm, ESTIMATE algorithm, R package "GSVA," and TIDE were used to evaluate the association between m7G modification patterns, TME cell infiltration properties as well as the correlation regarding immune infiltration markers. The m7G scoring scheme using principal component analysis(PCA) was employed to investigate the m7G modification patterns of individual tumors quantitatively. We examined the m7G modification hub genes' expression levels in normal samples, refractory epilepsy samples, and lower-grade glioma samples using immunohistochemistry, western-blotting, and QRT-PCR.
Result: It was discovered that individuals with LGG were categorized into two groups in terms of m7G scores (high and low) as per the properties of m7G. After observing the anti-PD-1 cohort, it has been noted that individuals having a high m7G score had significant clinical benefit, along with considerably prolonged survival duration. Opposing this, individuals in the anti-PD-L1 cohort having low m7G scores had improved prognostic outcomes and were more likely to have CR(Complete Response) / PR(Partial Response). Different m7G subtypes have different TMB(Tumor Mutational Burden) and immune profiles and might have varied responses to immunotherapy. Moreover, five potential genetic markers were found that were highly correlated with the index of the m7G score signature.
Conclusion: Conclusively, a thorough investigation of the features and classification associated with m7G methylation modifications may improve the clinical outcome of LGG.
A scoping review of implementation considerations for Harm Reduction Vending Machines
Authors: Russell Erin , Johnson Jessica , Kosinski Zachary , Kaplan Callie , Barnes Nicole , Allen Sean , Haroz Emily
Published: December 2022

Background
Community-based harm reduction vending machines (HRVM) are not new to the field of public health; numerous countries have implemented them in response to the needs of people who use drugs over the last three decades. However, until recently, few existed in the United States. Given the rapidity with which communities are standing up harm reduction vending machines, there is a pressing need for a consolidated examination of implementation evidence. This scoping review summarizes existing literature using multiple implementation science frameworks.
Methods
The scoping review was conducted in five stages including 1) Identify the research question; 2) Identify relevant studies; 3) Select the publications based on inclusion/exclusion criteria; 4) Review and extract data; and, 5) Summarize results. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched and authors screened publications in English from any year. Data were extracted by applying implementation constructs from RE-AIM and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Both frameworks provided a useful lens through which to develop knowledge about the facilitators and barriers to HRVM implementation. The review is reported according to PRISMA guidelines.
Results
After applying the full inclusion and exclusion criteria, including the intervention of interest (“vending machines”) and population of interest (“people who use drugs”), a total of 23 studies were included in the scoping review. None of the studies reported on race, making it difficult to retroactively apply a racial equity lens. Among those articles that examined effectiveness, the outcomes were mixed between clear effectiveness and inconclusive results. Evidence emerged, however, to address all CFIR constructs, and positive outcomes were observed from HRVM’s after-hour availability and increased program reach.
Recommendations:
HRVM implementation best practices include maximizing accessibility up to 24 hours, 7 days a week, offering syringe disposal options, ensuring capability of data collection, and allowing for anonymity of use. Organizations that implement HRVM should establish strong feedback loops between them, their program participants, and the broader community upfront. Considerations for future research include rigorous study designs to evaluate effectiveness outcomes (e.g. reduced drug overdose deaths) and examination of HRVM reach among ethnic and racial communities.
Myeloperoxidase is a Critical Mediator of Anthracycline-induced Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nettersheim Felix Sebastian , Schlüter Johannes David , Kreuzberg Wiebke , Geißen Simon , Mehrkens Dennis , Grimm Simon , Nemade Harshal , Braumann Simon , Hof Alexander , Guthoff Henning , Peters Vera , Kargapolova Yulia , Lackmann Jan-Wilm , Müller Stefan , Pallasch Christian P. , Hallek Michael , Sachinidis Agapios , Adam Matti , Winkels Holger , Baldus Stephan , Mollenhauer Martin
Published: December 2022

Cardiotoxicity is a major complication of anthracycline therapy that negatively impacts prognosis. Effective pharmacotherapies for prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy (AICM) are currently lacking. Increased plasma levels of the neutrophil-derived enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) predict occurrence of AICM in humans. We hypothesized that MPO release causally contributes to AICM. Mice intravenously injected with the anthracycline Doxorubicin (DOX) exhibited higher neutrophil counts and MPO levels in the circulation and cardiac tissue compared to saline (NaCl)-treated controls. Neutrophil-like HL-60 cells exhibited increased MPO release upon exposition to DOX. DOX induced extensive nitrosative stress in cardiac tissue alongside with increased carbonylation of sarcomeric proteins in wildtype but not in Mpo-/- mice. Accordingly, co-treatment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) with DOX and MPO aggravated loss of hiPSC-CM-contractility compared to DOX treatment alone. DOX-treated animals exhibited pronounced cardiac apoptosis and inflammation, which was attenuated in MPO-deficient animals. Finally, genetic MPO deficiency and pharmacological MPO inhibition protected mice from the development of AICM. Herein we identify MPO as a critical mediator of AICM. We demonstrate that DOX induces cardiac neutrophil infiltration and release of MPO, which directly impairs cardiac contractility through promoting oxidation of sarcomeric proteins, cardiac inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. MPO thus emerges as a promising pharmacological target for prevention of AICM.
The Dynamic Impact of Renewable Energy Consumption, Trade, and Financial Performance on Carbon Emissions Worldwide in Low, Middle and High Income Countries: A Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Husnain Muhammad Iftikhar ul , Khan Muhammad Aamir
Published: December 2022

The present study confronts potential theoretical argument of dynamic and non-linear relationship between CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption, trade, and financial performance by using quantile regression that accounts for the role of development in explaining the stated nexus. The results show that renewable energy consumption reduces CO2 emissions in the short run in low, middle, and high-income countries. CO2 emissions plumet as country open up for trade and expand financial services for their people. It is found that trade openness and financial development decrease CO2 emissions at upper quantile in low-income countries. In the middle-income countries the findings are not much different as reported in case of low-income countries. In the high-income countries, renewable energy consumption and trade openness lead to decrease in CO2 emissions at all income quantiles. The D-H causality test draws a sturdy support of bi-directional causation between renewable energy and CO2 emissions in low- income countries. Based on this analysis, some important policy implications can be drawn. First, in advanced countries restrictions on renewable energy does not have significant effect on environmental condition. However, in low-income countries adoption of renewable energy can significantly reduce CO2 emissions. Second, low-income countries may combat rise in CO2 emissions by introducing new technologies in exploiting trade potentials that are necessary to acquire resources to adopt clean energy. Third, energy policies should be framed based on the stage of development of a country, share of renewable energy in its total energy mix, and environmental condition of the country.
A quantitative analysis of human rights-related attitude changes towards people with mental health conditions and psychosocial, intellectual, or cognitive disabilities following completion of the WHO QualityRights e-training in Ghana
Authors: Poynton-Smith Emma , Orrell Martin , Osei Akwasi , Ohene Sally-Ann , Ansong Joana , Gyimah Leveana , McKenzie Caitlin , Moro Maria Francesca , Drew-Bold Nathalie , Baingana Florence , Carta Mauro Giovanni , Tawiah Priscilla , Brobbey Kwaku , Funk Michelle
Published: December 2022

Background
Despite growing recognition of essential human rights, people with mental health conditions and psychosocial, intellectual, or cognitive disabilities’ rights are known to be frequently violated in mental healthcare worldwide, with common use of coercive practices and limited recognition of people’s right to exercise their legal capacity and make decisions for themselves on treatment and other issues affecting them.
To tackle this issue, Ghana adopted the WHO QualityRights Initiative in 2019. This aims to introduce a right-based, person-centred recovery approach within the mental health care system, protecting and promoting the rights of people with mental health conditions, psychosocial, cognitive, and intellectual disabilities in the healthcare context and community.
Methods
E-training (capacity-building) was provided in Ghana across a broad array of stakeholder groups including healthcare professionals, carers, and people with lived experience. The training covered legal capacity, coercion, community inclusion, recovery approach, service environment, and the negative attitudes commonly held by stakeholder groups; it was completed by 17,000 people in Ghana as of December 2021.
We assessed the impact of the e-training on attitudes through comparing trainees’ pre- and post-questionnaire responses on 17 items, each measured on a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree), such that higher scores indicated negative attitudes towards persons with mental health conditions and psychosocial disabilities as rights holders.
Analyses were conducted on two main groups: matched pairs (417 pairs of baseline and follow-up questionnaire responses matched to a high degree of certainty), and the unmatched group (4299 individual completed questionnaire responses).
Results
We assessed the impact of the WHO QualityRights e-training on attitudes: training resulted in highly significant attitude changes towards alignment with human rights, with scores changing by approximately 40% between baseline and follow-up. In particular, attitude changes were seen in items representing treatment choice, legal capacity, and coercion. This change was not affected by age, gender, or background experience.
Conclusions
The QualityRights e-training programme is effective in changing people’s (especially healthcare professionals’) attitudes towards people with mental health conditions and psychosocial, intellectual, or cognitive disabilities: this is a step towards mental healthcare being more with human rights-based worldwide.
Impact of mineral fertilizers on anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste
Authors: Borowski Sebastian , Cieciura-Włoch Weronika , Boniecki Paweł , Bednarek Agata
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the use of mineral fertilizers for the improvement of biogas production from vegetable wastes. Five fertilizers of various chemical composition were selected, and two blends of vegetable wastes were composed for the experiments. The results demonstrated the highest improvement in biogas production using the mineral fertilizer SUBSTRAL dedicated to conifers, which was characterized by a diverse chemical composition and the lack of sulfur. The addition of this fertilizer in a dose of 1 g/kg increased methane and hydrogen yields by up to 49% compared to the control. The maximum methane production of 336 NmL/gVS was achieved after supplementation of the mixture containing corn, green pees and green bean wastes, whereas the highest hydrogen yield of 49 NmL/gVS was reported in the experiments with the blend containing carrot, cauliflower and broccoli. A simplified cost analysis showed that the use of 1 kg of mineral fertilizer to supplement the anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste for biogas production can generate additional revenues of up to 2399 €.
Video-based Task Deconstruction of Robotic Hiatal Hernia Repair
Authors: Calvo Haydee del , Kim Min P , Chihara Ray , Chan Edward Y
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Robotic surgery is increasingly permeating the surgical arena and expanding the role of minimally invasive surgical approaches. Due to this, teaching robotic skills to general surgery residents is critically important. Standardized tools for teaching are lacking. Video based learning has demonstrated significant advancements. Video-based education addresses challenges within surgical training including increased knowledge retention within a continuously expanding field of information and a time-constrictive environment. We propose a surgical steps task deconstruction of robotic hiatal hernia repair with LINX paired with a surgical video following the same steps and using valuable video characteristics, as a standardized teaching tool.
Methods: Subject matter experts (SMEs) created a list of procedural steps for a robotic hiatal hernia repair with LINX. Four SMEs developed a comprehensive ten-step task list for the conduct of the operation, beginning with a literature review and employing a modified Delphi process to reach a consensus. A surgical video was created using narration and anatomic labeling to guide the learner through the Delphi process agreed upon ten procedural steps. The goal was to create a standardized set of tasks paired with video representation to facilitate teaching robotic HHR with LINX to novice learners.
Results: From an initial literature review, focus group discussions resulted in Delphi consensus on ten procedural steps, modified from the initial four steps. Creation of a video-based instruction tool with consideration for important characteristics such as narration and anatomic labeling allows for standardization of the performance and teaching of the operation, facilitating formative and summative feedback and assessment for learners by the supervising surgeon.
Conclusion: Development of a standardized task list paired with video-based learning for a robotic hiatal hernia repair with LINX provides the structure for teaching complex robotic surgery safely and efficiently to general surgery residents. Video-based education offers significant advantages in trainee learning, performance, and experience therefore it should be an integral part of surgical education.
The most frequently cited articles on chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease from 2011 to 2021: A bibliometric and visualized analysis
Authors: Xue Taiqi , Zhang Leyi , Yan Pu , Gao Yiwei , Liu Wu , Guo Yifan , Zhang Ning
Published: December 2022

Background
There is growing evidence that suggests a strong relationship between chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease. However, previous studies have only explored one aspect or feature of chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease, with limited discussion of the current status and trends of research on both. This article provides a visual analysis of highly cited articles on chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease, and further explores the current hotspots of interest and future trends. Understanding this relationship can help nephrologists and neurologists meet clinical and scientific needs.
Methods
On September 31, 2022, we screened and identified the 100 most frequently cited original articles on chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease research topics. We then analyzed the articles by title, author, country, journal, article type (review, article, etc.), total citations, and keywords.
Results
The 100 articles we identified were cited a total of 3487 times (an average of 23.8 citations per paper). The journal that publishes the most articles from amongst these was the Journal of Stroke & Cerebrovascular Diseases (n = 12), followed by Cerebrovascular Diseases (n = 8), and American Journal of Kidney Diseases (n = 5). Japan produced 22 of the 100 articles, followed by The United States (n = 21) and China (n = 16). Clinical studies were most common (n = 66), followed by reviews (n = 32) and animal studies (n = 2). The main keywords were “chronic kidney disease,” “glomerular filtration rate,” “stroke,” “risk factor,” “cardiovascular-disease,” “small vessel disease,” “cognitive impairment,” “dialysis,” “renal dysfunction,” and “hemodialysis.”
Conclusions
This study identified the most influential articles in studies of chronic kidney disease and cerebrovascular disease over the last decade. The most prominent themes in the literature were explorations of the underlying mechanisms, particularly in terms of small vessel associations, searching for biomarkers that can predict their severity, and the prognosis and treatment of cerebrovascular disease in end-stage renal disease, particularly among dialysis patients.
Being pregnant and becoming a parent during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal qualitative study with women in the Born in Bradford COVID-19 research study
Authors: Jackson Cath , Brawner June , Ball Matthew , Crossley Kirsty , Dickerson Josie , Dharni Nimarta , Rodriguez Diego Garcia , Turner Ella , Sheard Laura , Smith Helen
Published: December 2022

Background
Uncertainty around the risk of COVID-19 to pregnant women and their babies prompted precautionary restrictions on their health and care during the pandemic. Maternity services had to adapt to changing Government guidance. Coupled with the imposition of national lockdowns in England and restrictions on daily activities, women’s experiences of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period, and their access to services, changed rapidly. This study was designed to understand women’s experiences of pregnancy, labour and childbirth and caring for a baby during this time.
Methods
This was an inductive longitudinal qualitative study, using in-depth interviews by telephone with women in Bradford, UK, at three timepoints during their maternity journey (18 women at timepoint one, 13 at timepoint two and 14 at timepoint three). Key topics explored were physical and mental wellbeing, experience of healthcare services, relationships with partners and general impact of the pandemic. Data were analysed using the Framework approach. A longitudinal synthesis identified over-arching themes.
Results
Three longitudinal themes captured what was important to women: (1) women feared being alone at critical points in their maternity journey, (2) the pandemic created new norms for maternity services and women’s care, and (3) finding ways to navigate the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnancy and with a baby.
Conclusions
Modifications to maternity services impacted significantly on women’s experiences. The findings have informed national and local decisions about how best to direct resources to reduce the impact of COVID-19 restrictions and the longer-term psychological impact on women during pregnancy and postnatally.
Early disc degeneration in radiotherapy-treated childhood brain tumor survivors
Authors: Grahn Petra , Remes Tiina , Kivisaari Reetta , Suo-Palosaari Maria H , Arikoski Pekka M , Koskenkorva Päivi K T , Lähteenmäki Päivi M , Lönnqvist Tuula R I , Ojaniemi Marja K , Sirkiä Kirsti H , Sutela Anna K , Toiviainen-Salo Sanna-Maria , Rantala Heikki M J , Harila-Saari Arja H , Niinimäki Jaakko , Karppinen Jaro , Ahonen Matti
Published: December 2022

Background: Childhood brain tumor (BT) survivors have an increased risk of treatment-related late effects, which can reduce health-related quality of life and increase morbidity. With an increasing population of childhood BT survivors, the understanding of the long-term consequences of BT treatment is highlighted. This study aimed to investigate lumbar disc degeneration in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adult survivors of radiotherapy-treated childhood BT compared to age and sex-matched population controls.
Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative study, 127 survivors were identified from hospital registries. After a mean follow-up of 20.7 years (range 5–33.1), 67 (mean age 28.4, range 16.2–43.5) survivors were investigated with MRI and compared to 75 sex-matched population-based controls. Evaluated MRI phenotypes included Pfirrmann grading, high-intensity zone-lesions (HIZ), intervertebral disc protrusions, and extrusions. Groups were also compared for known risk factors of intervertebral disc degeneration.
Results: Childhood BT survivors had higher Pfirrmann grades than controls at all lumbar levels (all p<0.001). Lumbar disc protrusions at L4-5 (p=0.02) and extrusions at L3-4 (p=0.04), L4-5 (p=0.004), and L5-S1 (p=0.01) were significantly more common in the BT group compared to the control group. BP correlated with a higher degree of IVD degeneration at Th12-L1 (p=0.01), L1-2 (p=0.01), and L3-4 (p=0.03). Survivors with a younger age at diagnosis had significantly lower Pfirrmann grades (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Signs of early aging related to tumor treatment can be seen in the intervertebral discs of survivors. Disc degeneration was more severe in children treated in adolescence.
Size Effects in 3D Printed Materials
Authors: CHEN YAO , Shergill Kietan , Bull Steve
Published: December 2022

The influence of layer thickness on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) 3D printed specimens made with fused filament fabrication (FFF) were investigated in this project. The analysis found that as the printing temperature increased, the mechanical properties of the PLA specimens decreased. The study also found that when increasing the layer thickness the mechanical properties of the specimens for both ABS and PLA decreased. The results showed that the value of breaking strain decreased as the layer thickness increased, which was true for both materials. The breaking strain of ABS was reduced by 11 % when the thickness was increased from 0.16 mm to 0.28 mm, whereas PLA's strain decreased by a more significant 27 %. When it came to ultimate tensile strength, the effect of layer thickness on PLA was more significant than on ABS. The study revealed that the ultimate tensile strength decreased as layer thickness increased, with the thinnest layer having a strength of 39.9 ± 2.3 MPa and the thickest having a value of 31.8 ± 1.2 MPa. Considering the mechanical properties as well as aspects such as printing time and simplicity of printing, an optimum print setting could be determined. The optimal printing temperature was found to be 200oC. The material chosen was PLA and the layer thickness selected is 0.16 mm. The study found that PLA was more significantly affected by the change in layer thickness compared to ABS.
Specific post-translational modifications of the soluble tau protein distinguish between Alzheimer’s disease, 4R-, and 3R-tauopathies
Authors: Zola Nathalie Kyalu Ngoie , Balty Clémence , Ruys Sébastien Pyr dit , Vanparys Axelle , Huyghe Nicolas , Herinckx Gaëtan , Johanns Manuel , Boyer Emilien , Kienlen-Campard Pascal , Rider Mark , Vertommen Didier , Hanseeuw Bernard
Published: December 2022

The tau protein aggregates in several neurodegenerative disorders, referred to as tauopathies. The type of tau isoforms (4R/3R) observed in brain aggregates is used to classify tauopathies. However, distinguishing tauopathies in cerebrospinal fluid remains challenging. Here, we demonstrated that the difference in tau isoforms between tauopathies is only observed in aggregates, not in soluble brain extracts. We therefore used untargeted mass spectrometry to characterize all post-translational modifications of both the aggregated and the soluble tau protein obtained from human brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, cortico-basal degeneration, Pick’s disease, and fronto-temporal lobe degeneration. We found specific soluble signatures predictive of each tauopathy and its peculiar type of aggregated tau isoforms. These findings provide potential targets for developing cerebrospinal fluid assays able to distinguish between tauopathies in vivo. The comparison between soluble and aggregated tau features indicates potential mechanisms of tau aggregation, providing novel therapeutic leads for these diseases.
Reliable and Secure Memristor-based Chaotic Communication Against Eavesdroppers and Untrusted Foundries
Authors: Vishwakarma Rahul , Monani Ravi , Hedayatipour Ava , Rezaei Amin
Published: December 2022

Chaos is a deterministic phenomenon that occurs in a non-linear dynamic system under the specific condition when the trajectories of the state vector become periodic and extremely sensitive to the initial conditions. While traditional resistor-based chaotic communications are primarily concerned with the safe transfer of information across networks, the transceivers themselves can be compromised due to outsourcing manufacturing. With the growth of wireless sensors in resource-constrained implantable and wearable devices, chaotic communication may be a good fit if the information transmitted is reliable and the transmitter devices are secure. We believe that memristor, as the fourth fundamental two-terminal circuit element, can close the gap between reliable communication and secure manufacturing since its resistance can be programmed and saved by the designer and not the foundry. Thus, in this paper, we propose a memristor-based Chua’s chaotic transceiver that is both reliable in the presence of eavesdroppers and secure against untrusted foundries. Specifically, we consider the pair of transmitter and receiver under the same memristor value to show the possibility of uninterrupted communication as well as cases wheredifferent values of memristors are used to find out the possible rangein which the message can still be meaningfully decoded. Experimen-tal results confirm that both reliable communication and secure designcan be achieved via our proposed memristor-based chaos transceivers.
An Android Malware Detection Approach Based on Summation of Multi-order Derivatives LSTM
Authors: Zhou Hanxun , Zhang Shuo , Yong Feng , Pan Hong , Guo Wei
Published: December 2022

With the popularity of the Android operating system on mobile devices, unscrupulous people prefer to attack Android devices, which results in the emergence of Android malware. This paper proposes an Android malware detection approach based on Summation of Multi-order Derivatives LSTM (SoMD-LSTM). In order to learn various runtime features of Android malware, the summation of multi-order derivatives is introduced to LSTM. As a result, SoMD-LSTM can describe the dynamic behavior of Android malware quantitatively by the summation of multi-order derivatives. Experiments show that the proposed Android malware detection approach has a better performance than LSTM and other methods.
Law of energy evolution under the stress path of deep surrounding rock
Authors: ZHENG Zhiming , Yang Yu , Pan Cheng
Published: December 2022

A triaxial test under different confining pressures of the sandstone of Fuxin Hengda Coal Mine was carried out using MTS812.02 test machine to study the elastic energy–strain relationship and damage failure mechanism of deep rock. Then, the energy calculation method was used to calculate the elastic energy of sandstone under different confining pressure conditions. The elastic energy curve of rock under different conditions was drawn. The relationship between strain and elastic energies of rock was established on the basis of the relationship between elastic energy and energy release rate during rock loading. The relationship between strain and elastic energies was simplified by introducing stress state parameters on the basis of the generalized Hooke’s law. The micro-element strength was assumed to satisfy the Weibull distribution, and a new energy nonlinear evolution model was established by introducing the concept of rock micro-element strength. The method of determining the distribution parameters was also proposed. Results showed that the model and the experimental data agreed well with the experimental results. The model was close to the deformation and failure law of rock and could reflect the relationship between elastic energy and strain of rock. This relationship was aggravated by the cumulative effect of microcracks and cracks in the rock and was concentrated in weak areas. The damage evolution model of rock increased with the increase in strain and inclined to 1. The microcracks also penetrated into macroscopic cracks, and the rocks were unstable and destroyed.
Monkey pox-epidemiology, clinical presentation and transmission: A systematic review
Authors: Sharma Ashima , Prasad Hari , Kaeley Nidhi , Bondalapati Aparna , Edara Lokesh , Kumar Y Ajay
Published: December 2022

Background: The new zoonotic viral infection monkeypox is a global health issue. Our study aimed at studying the epidemiology, clinical presentation, complications, case fatality rate, and transmission among the present cases of monkeypox infection.
Methods: Articles were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases using the keywords 'Monkeypox' [MeSH] or 'Monkeypox virus (MeSH). Narrative reviews, conference abstracts, commentaries and articles in language other than English were excluded.
Results: Among 2352 confirmed cases studied from published literature which account for approximately 4% of infected cases worldwide. Around 81.71% of patients have a bisexual or Men having Sex with Men (MSM) preference. Approximately 30.18 % of confirmed cases were HIV positive. Male sex was also identified as a risk factor in our review.
Conclusion: As monkeypox human to human and human to animal transmission is rising. Researching preventive, clinicodemographic and therapeutic related to monkeypox is therefore crucial.
Effectiveness of the sarcopenia index in predicting respiratory failure among elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhao Xuanna , Su Ruoxin , Hu Rongwei , Chen Yujuan , Xu Xiaoyong , Yuan Yalian , Zhang Jinhong , Zhang Wenchao , Yang Yu , Chen Min , Li Dongming , Wu Bin , Huang Dan , Wu Dong
Published: December 2022

Background:Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome with progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function and has a negative impact on clinical outcomes associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, the sarcopenia index (SI) was developed as a surrogate marker of sarcopenia based upon the serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio. We aimed to assess the value of SI for predicting clinically important outcomes among elderly patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).
Methods: This cross-sectional study included elderly patients with AECOPD in China from 2017 to 2021. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and serum creatinine and cystatin C were measured. Outcomes included respiratory failure, heart failure, severe pneumonia, invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between SI and clinical outcomes.
Results: A total of 306 patients (260 men, 46 women, age range 60–88 years) were enrolled in this study. Among the total patients, the incidence of respiratory failure and severe pneumonia was negatively associated with SI values. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, binary logistic regression analyses showed that a higher SI was still independently associated with a lower risk of respiratory failure (odds ratio [OR]: 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13–0.56, P < 0.05). In subgroup analysis, the incidence of respiratory failure was negatively associated with SI values in groups with both frequent exacerbation and non-frequent exacerbation. After adjustment for potential confounders, binary logistic regression analyses showed that a higher SI was also independently associated with a lower risk of respiratory failure in both groups (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06–0.64 and OR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.11–0.85). However, there were no significant differences in the correlations between SI and the risk of heart failure, invasive mechanical ventilation, and mortality in all groups.
Conclusion: The SI based on serum creatinine and cystatin C can predict respiratory failure in patients with AECOPD and either frequent or infrequent exacerbations. This indicator provides a convenient tool for clinicians when managing patients with AECOPD in daily clinical practice.
Prostaglandin synthases and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression dynamics in bovine endometrial cells exposed to cow blood plasma small extracellular vesicles (sEV) reflect the fertility breeding value
Authors: Abeysinghe Pevindu , Turner Natalie , Mosaad Eman , Logan Jayden , Mitchell Murray D.
Published: December 2022

Aberrant inflammation in the endometrium impairs reproduction and leads to poor fertility. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) are nanoparticles 30-200nm in-size and contain transferable bioactive molecules that reflect the parent cell. Holstein-Friesian dairy cows with divergent genetic merit, high- (n = 10) and low-fertile (n = 10), were identified based on fertility breeding value (BV), cow ovulation synchronization and postpartum anovulatory intervals (PPAI). In this study, we evaluated the effects of sEVs enriched from plasma of high-fertile (HF-EXO) and low-fertile (LF-EXO) dairy cows on inflammatory mediator expression by bovine endometrial epithelial (bEEL) and stromal (bCSC) cells. Exposure to HF-EXO in bCSC and bEEL cells yielded higher expression of PTGS1 and PTGS2 compared to the control. Pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1-α, IL-8/CXCL8 and IL-12α genes were downregulated in bCSC cells exposed to HF-EXO. In contrast, sEV exposure significantly lowered anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (CX3CL1 and IL-4) regardless high or low fertile states. Further, exposure to HF-EXO downregulated DES gene expression level in bCSC compared to the control. Our findings demonstrate that sEVs influence differential gene expression in endometrial cells, specifically genes relate to inflammation. Further, sEV from high-fertile animals acts in a unique direction to de-activate prostaglandin synthases in both bCSC and bEEL cells, and de-activate pro-inflammatory cytokines in the endometrial stroma. The results indicate identifying circulating sEV as a potential biomarker of fertility.
In vivo imaging of renal microvasculature in a murine ischemia-reperfusion injury model using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Lee ByungKun , Kang Woojae , Oh Se-Hyun , Cho Seungwan , Shin Inho , Oh Eun-Joo , Kim You-Jin , Ahn Ji-Sun , Yook Ju-Min , Jung Soo-Jung , Lim Jeong-Hoon , Kim Yong-Lim , Cho Jang-Hee , Oh Wang-Yuhl
Published: December 2022

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) provides noninvasive three-dimensional structural and semiquantitative imaging of microvasculature in vivo. We developed an OCTA imaging protocol for a murine kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) model to investigate the correlation between renal microvascular changes and ischemic damage. Mice were divided into mild and moderate IRI groups according to the duration of ischemia (10 and 35 min, respectively). Each animal was imaged at baseline; during ischemia; and at 1, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after ischemia. Amplitude decorrelation OCTA images were constructed with 1.5-, 3.0-, and 5.8-ms interscan times, to calculate the semiquantitative flow index in the superficial (50-70 μm) and the deep (220-340 μm) capillaries of the renal cortex. The mild IRI group showed no significant flow index change in both the superfial and the deep layers. The moderate IRI group showed a significantly decreased flow index from 15 and 45 min in the superficial and deep layers, respectively. Seven weeks after IRI induction, the moderate IRI group showed lower kidney function and higher collagen deposition than the mild IRI group. OCTA imaging of the murine IRI model revealed changes in superficial blood flow after ischemic injury. A more pronounced decrease in superficial blood flow than in deep blood flow was associated with sustained dysfunction after IRI. Further investigation on post-IRI renal microvascular response using OCTA may improve our understanding of the relationship between the degree of ischemic insult and kidney function.
Establishment of efficient callus genetic transformation system for Hemerocallis fulva ‘Kanai’
Authors: Du Jinxue , Shi Jingbo , Pan Yiliang , Zhang Nan , Hou Fazhan , Liu Yingzhu , Liu Wei
Published: December 2022

Hemerocallis is regarded as a model plant for future breeding because of its high ornamental value and strong resistance. However, there are few reports on regeneration and genetic transformation of this plant. In this study, mature seeds of Hemerocallis fulva ‘Kanai’ were used as explants for regeneration and Agrobacterium infection. The results showed that the germination rate of explants with inner and outer seed coats peeled was 98% and the contamination rate was only 11%. The callus induction efficiency of MS medium supplemented with 3.5 mg∙L− 1 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 0.1 mg∙L− 1 1-naphthylcetic acid (NAA) was 95.2%. Based on this, transformation was successfully achieved using the following protocol: callus were soaked in Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 (OD600 = 0.6) containing pCambia1300-35S-FT and pCambia1300-35S-GUS plasmid for 15 min. After 3 days co-culture with 100 uM Acetosyringone (AS) in MS medium, it was transferred to MS medium containing 300 mg∙mL− 1 Timentin for 5 days. The Transgenic plants were obtained by hygromycin (9 mg∙mL− 1) screening. The presence of transgenic plants was confirmed by histochemical GUS detection and PCR (Polymerase chain reaction). Overall, the establishment of this efficient regeneration and genetic transformation will contribute to the functional gene research and genetic improvement of Hemerocallis fulva ‘Kanai’.
First report of environmental isolation of Cryptococcus spp. from Boyacá - Colombia
Authors: Briggith-Nathalia Serna-Espinosa , Maribel Forero-Castro , Eugenia Morales-Puentes María , Marcela Parra-Giraldo Claudia , Patricia Escandón , Adriana Sánchez-Quitan Zilpa
Published: December 2022

Background
The Cryptococcus genus comprises more than 80 species, of which C. neoformansand C. gattii are the leading cause of cryptococcosis. The distribution of C. gattii and C. neoformans complex has been extensively studied and widely reported globally. Other species such as C. albidus, C. laurentii, and C. flavescens have been reported as pathogenic yeast. Since there are no reports of environmental isolation in the Boyacá region (Colombia), this study aimed to isolate and characterize the species of Cryptococcus from pigeon feces, eucalyptus, and olive trees distributed in the municipalities of Tunja and Ricaute Alto.
Results
The environmental data was recovered, and the isolations obtained were identified by microscopy, biochemical test, MALDI-TOF, RFLP of the URA5 gene, and sequencing of the ITS and LSU gene.
For the 93 pigeon dropping samples collected in Tunja, 23 corresponded to C. neoformans, 3 to C. saitoi, 2 C. albidus and 1 to C. laurentii. Of the 1188 samples collected from olive trees, 17 (1.43%) positive samples were identified as C. gattii (4), C. neoformans var. grubii (2), C. laurentii (3), C. albidus (2), C. saitoi (5) and C. flavescens (1). Likewise, specimens of C. neoformans var. grubii presented molecular type VNI and molecular type VNII; for C. gattii the molecular types found were VGIII and VGIV.
Conclusions
Therefore, it can be concluded that the species of Cryptococcus genus, are present in the environment of Boyacá, and show a predilection for climate conditions that are typical of this region.
Depleting gut microbiota resistance in Alzheimer's disease enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes
Authors: Hou Xuejia , Jiang Hongyu , Liu Te , Yan Jun , Zhang Fuqiang , Zhang Xiaowen , Zhao Jingtong , Mu Xupeng , Jiang Jinlan
Published: December 2022

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-exo) can be used for treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by promoting amyloid-β (Aβ) degradation, modulating immune responses, protecting neurology, promoting axonal growth, and improving cognitive impairment. Increasing evidence suggests that the alteration of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we hypothesized that dysbiosis of gut microbiota might limit the effectiveness of MSCs-exo, whereas regulating the gut microbiota would improve the therapy of MSCs-exo. Methods: In this original research study, we used MSCs-exo to treat 5×FAD mice and fed them antibiotic cocktails for 1 week to detect cognitive ability and neuropathy. The mice’s feces were collected to investigate alterations in the microbiota and metabolites. Results: The results revealed that the AD gut microbiota eliminated the therapeutic effect of MSCs-exo, whereas antibiotic modulation of disordered gut microbiota and associated metabolites enhanced the therapeutic effect of MSCs-exo. Conclusions: These results encourage the research of novel therapeutics to enhance MSCs-exo treatment for AD, which could benefit a broader range of patients with AD.
Oil absorption stability of modified cellulose porous materials with super compressive strength in the complex environment
Authors: Lang Daning , Zhang Chengbo , Qian Qianqian , Guo Chengxin , Wang Lingling , Yang Chao , Wu Ronglan , Wang Wei , Wang Jide , Fu Jihong
Published: December 2022

The frequent oil spill has dramatically harmed the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, developing a green, recyclable, complex environment resistant and efficient oil-water separation aerogel is necessary to absorb marine oil or industrial oil. The modified cellulose/N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA)/tannin (PCMT) composite porous materials were prepared by the sol-gel method and modification of tertbutyl acrylate (TBA). PCMT had a three-dimensional interpenetrating porous structure, good oil-water separation performance and excellent compressive strength (both can bear 7000 times of its own weight; PCMT0.2 could endure 290.3 kPa pressure at 80% strain). The unique pore structure of PCMT resulted in different oil adsorption capacities (PCMT0, PCMT0.05, PCMT0.1, and PCMT0.2 had higher adsorption capacities for petroleum ether and dichloromethane, n-hexane and dichloromethane, toluene, and toluene and dichloromethane, respectively). Importantly, PCMT had excellent adaptability to complex environments. The porous materials could maintain good hydrophobicity and oil absorption ability under the conditions of vigorous stirring, wide pH range (1 ~ 14), wide temperature range (4 ~ 160oC), ultraviolet irradiation (8 h), and tape peeling (10 times). In addition, porous materials could be used to recover oil by simple mechanical extrusion, which had certain economic significance and application potential in oil spill treatment.