bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic Identification of Sunken Oil in Homogeneous Information Perturbed Environment through Fusion Image Enhancement with Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Cao Jinfeng , Gao Mingzhong , Guo Jihong , Hao Haichun , Zhang Yongjun , Liu Peng , Li Nan
Published: August 2024

With the development of the marine oil industry, leakage accidents are one of the most serious problems threatening maritime and national security. The spilt crude oil can float and sink in the water column, posing a serious long-term threat to the marine environment. High-frequency sonar detection is currently the most efficient method for identifying sunken oil. However, due to the complicated environment of the deep seabed and the interference of the sunken oil signals with homogeneous information, sonar detection data are usually difficult to interpret, resulting in low efficiency and a high failure rate. Previous works have focused on features designed by experts according to the detection environments and the identification of sunken oil targets regardless of the feature extraction step. To automatically identify sunken oil targets without a prior knowledge of the complex seabed conditions during the image acquisition process for sonar detection, a systematic framework is contrived for identifying sunken oil targets that combines image enhancement with a convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier for the final decision on sunken oil targets examined in this work. Case studies are conducted using datasets obtained from a sunken oil release experiment in an outdoor water basin. The experimental results show that (i) the method can effectively distinguish between the sunken oil target, the background, and the interference target; (ii) it achieved an identification accuracy of 83.33%, outperforming feature-based recognition systems, including SVM; and (iii) it provides important information about sunken oil such as the location of the leak, which is useful for decision-making in emergency response to oil spills at sea. This line of research offers a more robust and, above all, more objective option for the difficult task of automatically identifying sunken oils under complex seabed conditions.
The Ecological Footprint of the National University of the Altiplano, Peru: A Tool for Sustainable Management
Authors: Huamaní Peralta Alcides , Quispe Mamani Julio Cesar
Published: August 2024

One of the ways in which sustainable development can be understood is through the efficient management and systematization of indicators. For this reason, the study of ecological footprints is important, given that this concept integrates the different types of environmental indicators and, from the results and their interpretation, explains the total environmental impact generated through the development of daily human activities. The objective of this research was to quantify the total ecological footprint of the National University of the Altiplano in 2023. An application-type quantitative approach was considered, and the study utilized a descriptive, non-experimental design in which source data were used. The data were obtained from a primary sample through applying a survey to teachers, students, and administrative staff. The questionnaire included questions about the operations and functioning of the university, allowing us to calculate and analyze the components of its ecological footprint. It was determined that, in 2023, the university entity generated 4721.20 t CO2 in carbon dioxide emissions due to the use and operation of infrastructure, buildings, mobility, electricity consumption, paper consumption, and water consumption. The findings indicate that the university’s operations require approximately 915.67 hectares of forest annually to offset its carbon emissions and that it has an ecological footprint (in global hectares) of 1172.06 hag/year, suggesting important sustainability challenges. Finally, it was determined that the ecological footprint per capita at the National University of the Altiplano in 2023 was 0.04 ha/person/year and 0.06 hag/person/year, due to CO2 emissions, thus generating a greater ecological footprint of the university. These results underline the need to improve sustainable practices and review policies at the university level in order to better align with the objectives of sustainable development.
Looking Back Deeper, Recovering up Better: Resilience-Oriented Contrarian Thinking about COVID-19 Economic Impact
Authors: Lin Xiaochen , Long Hai , Chen Yu
Published: August 2024

In the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak, a vast majority of research predicted its potential economic impacts based on various possible scenarios, believing that looking forward earlier and recovering better. In contrast, through contrarian thinking from an economic recovery perspective, this study empirically investigates the direct impact of COVID-19 on China’s economy. This reveals that China’s economy experiences a V-shaped recovery; it is in the recovery process and will achieve the pre-pandemic level in the coming years. Consumption, international trade, and investment indicators are synchronously recovering, which may be attributed to the fact that the pandemic has had little impact on China’s economy, although it remarkably hits national consumption, international trade, and investment that are less interrupted. Empirical evidence shows that the pandemic is unlikely to alter China’s industrial structure, as it has primarily affected the service and manufacturing sectors while leaving agriculture relatively unaffected. In light of these findings, China’s economy is facing challenges beyond the pandemic. By adopting a recovery-oriented contrarian approach, we can better identify the dynamic consequences and optimize economic strategies to mitigate potential long-term impacts on sustainable economic growth. These insights may also help guide economic recovery efforts in other developing countries.
Assessing Sustainable Development in Community Welfare and Economic Resilience to Extreme Weather in Indonesia
Authors: Pontoh Resa Septiani , Yang Valerie Vincent , Laura Ginta Yufendi , Riantika Rahma Ariza , Arisanti Restu , Winarni Sri , Gumelar Farhat
Published: August 2024

In recent decades, Indonesia has experienced a surge in natural disasters, resulting in increased casualties and disruptions to economic growth and welfare. This study investigates the impact of various types of natural disasters, focusing on how economic growth (measured by provincial GDP) and welfare levels (measured by the Human Development Index, HDI) influence the number of victims affected by extreme weather. Data on gross regional domestic product and the Human Development Index for each province in Indonesia were obtained from Statistics Indonesia. We employed multivariable negative binomial regression to analyze the relationships between the number of victims affected by extreme weather, provincial HDI, and provincial GDP. The results indicate significant correlations between provincial GDP, HDI, and the number of victims. Higher HDI correlates with fewer victims, whereas higher GDP is associated with an increase in victims. Additionally, we used the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) method, identifying two clusters as the optimal model. Cluster 1 comprises 31 provinces, while Cluster 2 comprises 3 provinces, with the latter highlighting the provinces with the highest disaster risk. Consequently, provinces such as West Java, Central Java, and East Java require heightened attention from various stakeholders involved in disaster management efforts. By examining these relationships, our study contributes to the understanding of sustainable development and resilience against natural disasters. It underscores the importance of improving welfare and economic policies to mitigate the impacts of extreme weather events.
Exploring Front-of-House and Back-of-House Manager Perceptions, Attitudes, and Motivations of Restaurant Food Waste Mitigation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: O’Neill Sorcha , Traynor Mark , Rahman Imran , Lee Yee Ming
Published: August 2024

This qualitative study explored and compared the perceptions, attitudes, and motivations towards restaurant food waste mitigation among front-of-house (FOH) and back-of-house (BOH) restaurant managers. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were conducted with FOH (n = 6) and BOH (n = 7) managers at restaurants in the southeast of the United States. The findings indicated that the participants were highly aware of restaurant food waste and its contribution to food waste; furthermore, they displayed negative sentiments towards it. Additionally, most participants’ awareness was heightened upon acquiring foodservice management positions. Cost reduction was found to be the primary motivation to reduce food waste among most participants; however, most BOH participants were highly motivated by an appreciation for and involvement with the food itself. Guided by the Upper Echelons Theory, the findings provide insight into the underlying cognitive base and values behind restaurant managers’ perceptions, attitudes, and motivations towards restaurant food waste mitigation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in detail.
Enhancing User Perception of Reliability in Computer Vision: Uncertainty Visualization for Probability Distributions
Authors: Wang Xinyue , Hu Ruoyu , Xue Chengqi
Published: August 2024

Non-expert users often find it challenging to perceive the reliability of computer vision systems accurately. In human–computer decision-making applications, users’ perceptions of system reliability may deviate from the probabilistic characteristics. Intuitive visualization of system recognition results within probability distributions can serve to enhance interpretability and support cognitive processes. Different visualization formats may impact users’ reliability perceptions and cognitive abilities. This study first compared the mapping relationship between users’ perceived values of system recognition results and the actual probabilistic characteristics of the distribution when using density strips, violin plots, and error bars to visualize normal distributions. The findings indicate that when density strips are used for visualization, users’ perceptions align most closely with the probabilistic integrals, exhibiting the shortest response times and highest cognitive arousal. However, users’ perceptions often exceed the actual probability density, with an average coefficient of 2.53 times, unaffected by the form of uncertainty visualization. Conversely, this perceptual bias did not appear in triangular distributions and remained consistent across symmetric and asymmetric distributions. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of user reliability perception for interaction designers, helping to improve uncertainty visualization and thereby mitigate perceptual biases and potential trust risks.
Low-Carbon Supply Chain Decision-Making and CSR Strategy Evolution Analysis Considering Heterogeneous Consumer Preferences
Authors: Zhao Jinghua , Zhang Ruishu , Wang Zhuang , Cui Shaoyun
Published: August 2024

Decision-making regarding the low-carbon supply chain, considering corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the heterogeneous preferences of consumers, has become an urgent topic to be explored. This paper explores the decision-making problem of a low-carbon supply chain considering the heterogeneous preferences of consumers under different CSR situations, analyzes the influence of important parameters on each equilibrium solution, compares the size relationship of each equilibrium solution under different CSR situations, and verifies the conclusions obtained through numerical simulation. Then, based on the obtained equilibrium solution, a CSR evolutionary game model of the low-carbon supply chain is constructed, and the evolutionary stability strategies of the two sides on the CSR game are solved. Finally, the evolutionary trajectory of the game system is intuitively presented using a simulation method, and the influence of the main parameters on the evolutionary trends of the two sides is analyzed. The findings are as follows: (1) When both manufacturers and retailers undertake CSR, the retail price and wholesale price are their lowest, while carbon emission reduction, total market demand, manufacturer utility, retailer utility, and supply chain total utility are the highest. (2) When a company undertakes CSR, carbon emission reduction, total market demand, manufacturer utility, retailer utility, and supply chain total utility all increase with the increase in the CSR degree of the company and the ratio of the potential scale of low-carbon consumers to the potential scale of ordinary consumers. (3) The evolutionary stability strategy for both manufacturers and retailers is to undertake CSR. In addition, the initial proportion of manufacturers and retailers that undertake CSR, the low-carbon preference of low-carbon consumers, and the increase in the ratio of the potential scale of low-carbon consumers to the potential scale of ordinary consumers can encourage both members of the supply chain to undertake CSR.
Ecotoxicological Effects of Emerging Contaminants on Aquatic Species
Authors: Rocha Thiago Lopes , Félix Luís Manuel , Farias Davi
Published: August 2024

Emerging contaminants (ECs), also known as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), are defined as synthetic or naturally occurring chemicals or biological agents that are not commonly monitored in the environment but have the potential to enter the environment and cause known or supposed adverse ecological and human health effects [...]
GIS- and Multivariate-Based Approaches for Assessing Potential Environmental Hazards in Some Areas of Southwestern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Hassan , El-Sorogy Abdelbaset S. , Okok Abdurraouf , Shokr Mohamed S.
Published: August 2024

Soil contamination is a major issue that endangers the ecology in most countries. Total concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, VFe, and Zn were determined by analyzing soil samples from 32 surface soil samples in southwest Saudi Arabia, including certain areas of Al-Baha. Kriging techniques were used to create maps of the distribution of metal. To assess the levels of soil contamination in the research area, principal component analysis (PCA), contamination factors (CF), and pollution load index were used. The results show the stable model gave the best fit to the As and Zn semivariograms. The circular model fits the Cd, Co, and Ni semivariograms the best, while the exponential model fits the Cr, V, and Fe semivariograms the best. For Ni and Pb, respectively, spherical and Gaussian models are fitted. The findings demonstrated two clusters containing different soil heavy metal concentrations. According to the data, there were two different pollution levels in the research region: 36.58% of it is strongly contaminated, while 63.41% of it has a moderate level of contamination (with average levels of these metals 5.28 ± 5.83, 0.81 ± 0.19, 18.65 ± 6.22, 45.15 ± 23.25, 60.55 ± 23.74, 972.30 ± 223.50, 33.45 ± 14.11, 10.05 ± 5.13, 84.15 ± 30.72, 97.40 ± 30.05, and 43,245.00 ± 8942.95 mg kg−1 for As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Fe, and Zn, respectively). The research area’s poor management practices are reflected in the current results, which raised the concentration of harmful elements in the soil’s surface layers. Ultimately, the outcomes of pollution concentration and spatial distribution maps could aid in informing decision-makers when creating suitable heavy metal mitigation strategies.
Measuring a Mass: The Puzzling History of an Elusive Particle
Authors: Di Grezia Elisabetta , Esposito Salvatore , Naddeo Adele
Published: August 2024

Since Pauli’s hypothesis of their existence in 1930, neutrinos never ceased to bring into play novel ideas and to add new pieces of physics in the whole picture of fundamental interactions. They are only weakly interacting and, at odds with Standard Model’s predictions, have a mass less than one millionth of the electron mass, which makes the investigation of their properties very challenging. The issue of the measurement of neutrino’s rest mass gained a wider and wider consensus since its discovery through neutrino oscillations in 1998. Various neutrino sources are available for experiments, ranging from nuclear collisions of cosmic rays in the Earth atmosphere and supernova explosions to neutrino beams produced by accelerators and power reactors. These suggest different approaches to the experimental detection and measurement of the absolute value of the neutrino mass. In this paper, we retrace the intriguing story of this endeavor, focusing mainly on direct mass determination methods. The puzzling issue of the nature of massive neutrinos is addressed as well with explicit reference to the phenomenon of double beta-decay as a viable experimental tool to discriminate between Dirac’s and Majorana’s nature.
Challenges in the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Nervous System
Authors: Da Silva Samya Jezine , Cabral-Castro Mauro Jorge , Gonçalves Cássia Cristina Alves , Mariani Diana , Ferreira Orlando , Tanuri Amílcar , Puccioni-Sohler Marzia
Published: August 2024

Neurological involvement has been widely reported in SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, viral identification in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is rarely found. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of virological and immunological biomarkers in CSF for the diagnosis of neuroCOVID-19. We analyzed 69 CSF samples from patients with neurological manifestations: 14 with suspected/confirmed COVID-19, with 5 additional serial CSF samples (group A), and as a control, 50 non-COVID-19 cases (group B—26 with other neuroinflammatory diseases; group C—24 with non-inflammatory diseases). Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) was used to determine SARS-CoV-2, and specific IgG, IgM, neopterin, and protein 10 induced by gamma interferon (CXCL-10) were evaluated in the CSF samples. No samples were amplified for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time RT-PCR. The sensitivity levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM were 50% and 14.28%, respectively, with 100% specificity for both tests. CXCL-10 showed high sensitivity (95.83%) and specificity (95.83%) for detection of neuroinflammation. Serial CSF analysis showed an association between the neuroinflammatory biomarkers and outcome (death and hospital discharge) in two cases (meningoencephalitis and rhombencephalitis). The detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and specific immunoglobulins in the CSF can be used for neuroCOVID-19 confirmation. Additionally, CXCL-10 in the CSF may contribute to the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroCOVID-19.
Flipping Veterinary Biochemistry, Anatomy, and Physiology: Students’ Engagement and Perception
Authors: de Brito Christelle , Terrado José
Published: August 2024

Flipped classroom (FC) is a teaching method where traditional learning roles are inverted. Students are provided with material in advance and are expected to study the content prior to in-class sessions. These sessions are subsequently utilized to clarify doubts and examine in greater depth the previously acquired knowledge. Despite the widespread nature of its approach in health education, its application in basic veterinary subjects remains poorly described. This study explores the implementation of the FC approach in veterinary physiology, biochemistry, anatomy, and embryology. Pre-class material was mainly provided in video format, and class sessions facilitated quizzes and interactive activities aimed to reinforce understanding. The findings indicate a high level of student involvement and effective class preparation, as evidenced by over 84% of students participating in FC in-class sessions and generally achieving satisfactory scores on quizzes. A survey conducted at the end of the first semester shows that a high proportion of students positively valued pre-class material (>90%), quizzes (82%), and the FC approach (66%). However, by the end of the second semester, traditional lectures were preferred by more students than FC (45% and 25%, respectively), while 30% of the students mentioned having no preference between the two methods. Analysis of open-ended responses underscored positive facets of the FC approach, including self-organization, enhanced understanding, and availability of pre-class material. However, it also emphasized challenges associated with FC, such as the significant time and effort required. In conclusion, this study suggests that the FC approach can be well received in integrated basic veterinary subjects if it does not imply an excessive student workload, underscoring the potential benefits of a blended teaching approach that combines elements of both traditional and FC methods.
Trimethoprim Removal from Aqueous Solutions via Volcanic Ash-Soil Adsorption: Process Modeling and Optimization
Authors: Lavecchia Roberto , Zuorro Antonio , Baaloudj Oussama , Brienza Monica
Published: August 2024

Antibiotic contamination of water sources is a significant environmental and public health concern. This contamination is classified among the most dangerous types of pollution currently because of their harmful effects. Therefore, it is essential to identify effective and environmentally friendly ways to deal with those dangerous compounds. Within this context, this work looked into whether soils made from volcanic ash could be used as cost-effective adsorbents to remove the antibiotic trimethoprim (TRM) from aqueous solutions. To examine the impacts of the main operating parameters on TRM removal, which are the initial antibiotic concentration (C), contact time (t), stirring speed (S), and solid-to-liquid ratio (R), a Central Composite Design (CCD) based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed. Full quadratic polynomial models were used to correlate the experimental data, allowing for the estimation of each factor’s influence. With a predicted removal efficiency of 77.59%, the removal process optimization yielded the following set of optimal conditions: C = 4.5 mg/L, t = 45.5 min, S = 747 rpm, and R = 0.04 g/mL. Experiments conducted under predicted ideal conditions supported both the result and the previously developed model’s capacity for prediction. Additionally, the adsorption mechanism was also proposed based on the characterization of the adsorbent before and after the treatment. The study’s findings provide the possibility of using soils formed from volcanic ash as a cost-effective adsorbent material for the removal of TRM and likely other similar pollutants from contaminated waters.
Research on Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Energy Management Strategy with Dynamic Planning Considering Engine Start/Stop
Authors: Chen Chengming , Wang Xuan , Xie Zhizhong , Lei Zhengling , Shangguan Chunxia
Published: August 2024

The key to improving the fuel economy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) lies in the energy management strategy (EMS). Existing EMS often neglects engine operating conditions, leading to frequent start–stop events, which affect fuel economy and engine lifespan. This paper proposes an Integrated Engine Start–Stop Dynamic Programming (IESS-DP) energy management strategy, aiming to optimize energy consumption. An enhanced rule-based strategy is designed for the engine’s operating conditions, significantly reducing fuel consumption during idling through engine start–stop control. Furthermore, the IESS-DP energy management strategy is designed. This strategy comprehensively considers engine start–stop control states and introduces weighting coefficients to balance fuel consumption and engine start–stop costs. Precise control of energy flow is achieved through a global optimization framework to improve fuel economy. Simulation results show that under the World Light Vehicle Test Cycle (WLTC), the IESS-DP EMS achieves a fuel consumption of 3.36 L/100 km. This represents a reduction of 6.15% compared to the traditional DP strategy and 5.35% compared to the deep reinforcement learning-based EMS combined with engine start–stop (DDRL/SS) strategy. Additionally, the number of engine start–stop events is reduced by 43% compared to the DP strategy and 16% compared to the DDRL/SS strategy.
Competencias investigativas en la conciencia ambiental de los docentes de educación secundaria
Authors: Zegarra Bazán Zulmi , Segovia Juárez Soledad Cristina , Villaverde Lucana Danitza Susan , Adenillas Albornoz Violeta , Santa María Relaiza Héctor Raúl
Published: August 2024

Este estudio aborda la relación entre las competencias investigativas y la conciencia ambiental de los docentes de educación secundaria. El objetivo fue determinar la incidencia de las competencias investigativas en la conciencia ambiental de estos docentes. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental y un nivel correlacional causal. La población del estudio consistió en 450 docentes de educación secundaria, de los cuales se seleccionó una muestra de 208. La técnica utilizada fue la encuesta y los instrumentos fueron cuestionarios. Los resultados mostraron que las competencias investigativas tienen una incidencia significativa en la conciencia ambiental, con un Pseudo R² de Nagelkerke de 0.719, indicando que el 71.9% de la variabilidad en la conciencia ambiental puede explicarse por las competencias investigativas. Además, la dimensión de comunicación y divulgación de los resultados científicos presentó un valor de Wald de 188.691 y p < 0.05, evidenciando su impacto en la conciencia ambiental. Se concluyó que existe una incidencia significativa de las competencias investigativas en la conciencia ambiental de los docentes de educación secundaria.
Thermochromic Smart Windows with Ultra-High Solar Modulation and Ultra-Fast Responsive Speed Based on Solid–Liquid Switchable Hydrogels
Authors: Zhu Guangjun , Gang Xu  , Zhang Yu , Lu Guo , Cai Xuan , Zhang Wei , She Wei , Miao Changwen
Published: August 2024

Thermo-responsive hydrogels can dynamically modulate incident light, providing a broad prospect for development of smart windows, which are of pivotal importance for energy conservation in buildings. However, these hydrogels normally exhibit slow response speed and tend to contract over extended phase transition, compromising structural integrity of smart windows. In this study, a solid–liquid switchable thermochromic hydrogel, denoted as SL-PNIPAm, was synthesized by cross-linking PNIPAm with AMEO through dynamic imine bonds. Due to its distinctive solid–liquid transformation characteristics, SL-PNIPAm demonstrates rapid response time (within 5 s) and retains structural integrity without undergoing shrinkage during heating/cooling and freezing/thawing cycles. SL-PNIPAm can also be encapsulated within 2 glass panels to prepare smart windows, which showed extraordinary luminous transmittance (
T
lum
= 96.8%) and solar modulation ability (Δ
T
solar
= 89.7%) and effectively reduced the indoor temperature (22 °C) in a simulated indoor experiment. Energy consumption simulation investigations are performed in diverse cities. The results reveal that SLW is capable of achieving a remarkable 54% reduction of HVAC energy consumption, leading to substantial decrease in CO
2
emissions by up to 40 kg m
−2
annually. This work develops a new hydrogel system with outstanding durability for smart windows and will promote the development and renovation of thermochromic smart windows.
The Effect of High-intensity Interval Training and Moderate-intensity Continuous Training on Oxidative Stress Markers in Left Ventricular Tissue of Male Rats
Authors: Yazdani Saeede , Gaeini Abbasali , Koushkie Jahromi Maryam , Hemmatinafar Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The present study aimed to assess and compare the effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on oxidative stress-related markers in the left ventricular tissue of the heart muscle in healthy male rats. Methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats, aged 50-70 days, were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group (CON), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). After determining the maximum speed of VO2 max, the training program of HIIT (six 2-min periods with 85%-90% VO2 max and five 2-min with 50%-60% VO2 max intensity) and MICT (same distance of running as HIIT with 70% VO2 max intensity) groups were performed for 8 weeks, 5 days per week. Forty-eight hours after the last intervention session, the animals were anesthetized, and their heart tissue was removed and stored at -80° C. Then, the expression rates of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes were measured by real-time PCR, and the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in left ventricular tissue of heart was measured by colorimetry method. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for data analysis at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: There were significant differences between the groups’ expression rates of AMPK, PGC-1α, and SOD (P<0.05). The expression rates of AMPK and PGC-1α were higher in the MICT group than in the CON group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between HIIT and MICT groups regarding AMPK and PGC-1α (P>0.05). SOD expression was significantly higher in the HIIT group than CON and MICT groups (P<0.05). SOD expression was also higher in the MICT group compared to the CON group (P<0.05). MDA concentration was not significantly different between the studied groups (P>0.05). Discussion: HIIT and MICT induce positive adaptations in the expression of AMPK, PGC-1α, and SOD in the heart tissue of healthy male rats. However, HIIT stimulates SOD gene expression more than MICT.
Effect of Home-based Aerobic Exercise on Leukocyte TERT Gene Expression Without Altering DNA Oxidative Damage in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Khairabadi Fahime , Gaeini Abbas Ali , Niknam Alireza , Koushkie Jahromi Maryam , Kordi Mohammadreza
Published: August 2024

Objectives: In middle-aged women, the postmenopausal period is associated with increased oxidative, inflammatory, and psychological stress. We intend to investigate the effect of home-based aerobic exercise (HAE) on serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-C) and the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in leukocytes of postmenopausal women. Methods: A total of 20 sedentary postmenopausal women who had at least 12 months passed since their last menstruation participated in the study voluntarily. Their Mean±SD age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were respectively 52.4±3.8 years, 161.4±3.7 cm, 74.4±6.8 kg, and 28.6±3.4 kg/m2 . They were randomly divided into two groups: Home-based aerobic exercise (HAE, n=10) and inactive control (CON, n=10). HAE group undertook 4 weeks of home-based aerobic exercise (4 d/wk, intensity: 70%-80% maximal heart rate) with online supervision. Participants’ weight and fasting blood samples (12-h fasting state) were measured and taken before and 48 hours after the intervention. TERT expression in blood leukocytes and serum levels of 8-OHDG were assessed by real-time PCR and ELISA methods, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using mixed (2×2) repeated measure ANOVA and independent samples t-test in SPSS software. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered for all tests. Results: The findings showed that 4 weeks of HAE increased TERT expression significantly compared to the CON (ES=0.40, P<0.05). Although 8-OHDG serum level in the HAE group increased following training compared to pre-training (P<0.05), no significant difference was observed between the CON and HAE groups (P>0.05). Also, the interaction effect on 8-OHDG was not significant (ES=0.11, P>0.05). In addition, after 4 weeks of HAE, body weight and BMI significantly decreased in the training group compared to the control (P<0.05). Discussion: According to these findings, HEA effectively reduces telomere erosion and improves weight control in postmenopausal women.
Investigating Allergies to Cow Milk, Peanut, and Egg in Children and Their Associations With the Severity of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Ghaffari Fakhrzad Mehrnaz , Houshmand Hamidreza , Ghaemi Mir Reza
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a risk factor for children’s onset of food allergy. This study explores the frequency of food allergies among children with AD and their relationship with the severity of the disease. Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 children under the age of 14 years who were diagnosed with AD. The patients were divided into three groups according to age as follows: Younger than 2 years, between 2 and 7 years, and between 7 and 14 years. Serum immunoglobulin E level of food-specified allergen was measured. Then, the children were categorized into three groups for comparison based on AD severity, food allergy type, and frequency. Results: The frequency of allergy to egg, peanut, and cow milk was 66.7%, 37.5%, and 18.8%, respectively, in the patients. Boys have more allergies to peanuts (46.2%) than girls (27.3%). Egg allergy is prevalent among both genders (girls 63.6% and boys 69.2%). Allergy to cow milk was higher in the age group under 2 years (23.1%). Half of the children between 7-14 years old had an allergy to peanuts (50%). Over half of the children in all age groups had egg protein allergies. The patients with mild and moderate AD had more allergies (25.0%) to cow milk compared to severe AD patients (6.2%). Discussion: This study indicated that food allergy is common in patients with AD, and nearly two-thirds of the patients were allergic to one foodstuff. Meanwhile, allergy to eggs was more common among the patients compared to other foodstuffs.
NURSING CARE PROCESS (NAP): BRONCHOASPIRATION PNEUMONIA.
Authors: María Ortiz Pijuan , Marta Uriol Lou , Sara Arteaga Lagunas , Laida Lara San Martín , Isabel Escuin Sanmartín , Lorena Sánchez Lorente
Published: August 2024

Las neumonías por broncoaspiración tienen una mortalidad importante por dos motivos: la gravedad de la enfermedad pulmonar y la situación de debilidad y deterioro en la que se encuentra el organismo debido a la edad y comorbilidades. El progresivo envejecimiento de la población hace que se incremente su incidencia y como consecuencia un mayor ingreso hospitalario de estos pacientes. Este ingreso supone un deterioro del adulto mayor que conduce a una mayor pérdida de su capacidad funcional y a una disminución de su calidad de vida, incluyendo la imposibilidad de volver a su lugar de residencia.
The role of social infrastructure in a modern megalopolis (using the example of Moscow)
Authors: Zimova N. S. , Sokolova A. M.
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the social infrastructure in a modern metropolis. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of social infrastructure facilities in the formation of social interaction among residents of a megalopolis. The social infrastructure is analyzed by the authors from the position of representatives of the actor-network theory, according to which, social infrastructure is considered as a factor stimulating various types of regular activity and interaction of urban residents, which unites them to build meaningful trusting relationships. The method of sociological mapping was used to analyze the provision of social infrastructure facilities in Moscow districts. Depending on the nature of social interactions, the authors identified and analyzed sports infrastructure facilities, retail outlets; catering facilities; leisure infrastructure, park areas; religious sites; cultural sites; hybrid places. Using the Gini index and the Lorenz curve, the difference in the uneven distribution of objects across the capital was analyzed, a map and an integral rating of the provision of districts were compiled. To identify the role of social infrastructure in shaping the interaction of megalopolis residents, a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents of three districts of Moscow, which differ in different provision of social infrastructure facilities. As a result of the study, it was found that the number of social infrastructure facilities in the district and their demand by residents affects the design of social interaction, undeveloped social infrastructure can be a significant obstacle in the implementation of civic initiatives for interaction in the district.
Strategy for the development of a system of green areas of large industrial cities, using the example of the city of Volzhsky
Authors: Prokopenko V. V. , Pleshackov I. N.
Published: August 2024

This study examines the structure of the system of green areas (GA) of the city of Volzhsky, their relationship with the main functional zones and factors influencing the stability of this system. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the anthropogenic impact on the GA of the city of Volzhsky includes sources of pollution associated with the transport system and the industrial complex. The analysis of the system of GA showed an uneven distribution of such territories in the city, which, in turn, leads to the absence of recreational areas in the new part, which is a consequence of a decrease in the quality of the urban environment. The strategic direction of the territorial planning of the development of the city of Volzhsky should be to improve the quality of the urban environment by changing the stability of the system of GA in the old part of the city, where it is proposed to increase the area of landscaping along streets and on intra-block territories, as well as include disturbed landscapes in the system of GA. Within the framework of the general concept of the development of a system of GA, it is proposed to create pedestrian zones by developing green corridors that will connect the elements of the green framework of the city. In the old part of the city, the main corridor will be landscaping along the road transport network, as well as the main longitudinal rods of landscaping, in particular Gorky Street. At the same time, in the new part of the city, it is proposed to increase the area of limited-use landscaping and the development of environmental protection landscaping strips, which will allow the formation of a system of boulevards.
The Role of Human-Robot Interaction in Enhancing Efficiency and Safety in Industrial Robotics
Authors: Igbeghe Felix N.
Published: August 2024

This study examines the role of human-robot interaction (HRI) in enhancing efficiency and safety in industrial robotics. Emphasize the importance of efficiency and safety in industrial robotics, underscoring the critical role in improving productivity, reducing costs, and ensuring the well-being of workers. The results were analyzed inline with the four basic robot tasks' completion time. The error rates, collision risks, ergonomic strain, and overall productivity were determined. From the evaluation of the time required to complete each task in the context of human-robot interaction and optimize the workflow to enhance productivity and safety, it was observed that the average task completion time for task 1 was 10.63 minutes; while task 4 was 16.39 minutes. This indicates that some critical tasks require additional resources or adjustments to streamline the process and improve overall performance. In the determination of the safety rating, for each task by subtracting the error rate from 100% performance, it was observed that task 2 has a safety rating of 98% while task 3 has a safety rating of 92%, this indicates that the safety rating is different with respect to a different task. The productivity metrics for each task were determined by multiplying the task completion rate by the task efficiency rate. Hence, the Average Productivity Rating was 0.7449 which indicate the overall productivity in the role of human-robot interaction in enhancing efficiency and safety in industrial robotics. The integration of human-robot interaction in industrial robotics offers a synergistic approach to improving efficiency and safety in manufacturing environments.
Transzformer modellek jelentősége az idősorok előrejelzésénél és osztályozásánál
Authors: Boros Gerzson Dávid
Published: August 2024

A transzformátor modellek jelentős előrelépéseket hoztak az idősor-elemzésben, mivel képesek hosszú távú függőségeket megragadni. A tanulmány a transzformátor modellek (mélytanulási architektúrák) alapvető felépítését, erősségeit és korlátait vizsgálja az idősorok modellezésében. Bemutatja a különféle transzformátor variánsokat idősorokhoz, és ismerteti alkalmazásukat előrejelzésre, osztályozásra és anomália-felismerésre, valamint az elmagyarázhatóságot és interpretálhatóságot.
Potential Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Development of Field Artillery
Authors: Gulyás Géza
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence is already an unavoidable player in our everyday lives and its role will, certainly, continue to grow in the future. The article, after a short theoretical explanation, examines the role that artificial intelligence can play in the development of different areas of field artillery (artillery target acquisition, fire control systems, weapons and ammunition). At the end of the study, the author draws attention to an area that is still quite undeveloped today, the ethical issues of the use of artificial intelligence.
Tres ofertas de continuidad de formación para la profesionalización de la gestión cultural en Argentina: los ciclos de complementación curricular
Authors: Arámburu Hugo , Navarro Alejandra , Rucker Ursula
Published: August 2024

En el proceso de profesionalización de la gestión cultural la creación de ciclos de complementación curricular posibilito dar continuidad a los niveles de la formación superior hacia la obtención del grado universitario en nuestro país. Este artículo, el cual es parte de una investigación aún en curso, se detiene a analizar estas ofertas educativas focalizando en tres universidades públicas (dos nacionales y una provincial). A lo largo del trabajo describiremos sus contextos sociales, políticos e históricos de creación, así como los intereses y dinámicas institucionales enmarcadas en las políticas de gestión educativa que aplicaron las universidades al momento de implementarlas. Nuestro acercamiento teórico-metodológico se apoya en entrevistas y análisis de fuentes secundarias cualitativas. Tanto los relatos de entrevistas a responsables de las carreras como los diversos documentos (planes de estudio, leyes, reglamentaciones, etc.) resultan fundamentales para comprender el proceso por el que surgen este tipo de ofertas educativas.
Retóricas y políticas del arrastre: por una estética de lo inestable en la era del Antropoceno
Authors: Cangi Adrián , Here Gisela
Published: August 2024

Nuestro tiempo es el de las políticas del diseño de sí y la monetización del Eros y el ethos en la figura del empresario de sí, que predica un autocuidado como cuidado de la naturaleza. ¿Cómo pensar, desde los lenguajes sensibles, líneas de fuga en una contemporaneidad asediada por la crisis climática y los discursos eulógico-salvacionistas?
El mundo de los insectos, larvas y embriones es efecto y afecto de procesos de inestabilidad y metamorfosis, cuyo movimiento despliega problemas estético-políticos que desarman cualquier idea de lo estable. Proponemos pensar el lugar de los lenguajes de las artes y del diseño como una invitación a dejarse afectar por las tramas bio-estético-políticas de lo no-humano y a partir de allí, fabular y arrastrarse hasta desencadenar un nuevo desorden del sensorium. Esta retórica del arrastre implica un modo del rastro que abre potencias hacia una estética ampliada de la inestabilidad y la metamorfosis.
Reflexiones acerca de la actualidad y el futuro del derecho a la vivienda en la Argentina
Authors: Dos Santos Freire Ramiro
Published: August 2024

Este artículo examina las perspectivas actuales del derecho a la vivienda en Argentina, a partir del análisis de las políticas públicas relacionadas con la integración de villas y barrios populares, sus aspectos políticos, históricos y sociales, y sus bases jurídicas. 
Se analizan determinadas políticas públicas de urbanización, centrándose en el ámbito nacional, la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y la provincia de Buenos Aires. Se argumenta que, ante el avance de los programas de ajuste fiscal y la reducción del Estado, es fundamental reivindicar su rol articulador en la implementación de políticas públicas enfocadas en mejorar la vida de la población, desde una perspectiva de derechos. Para ello, es necesario preservar las experiencias y aprendizajes acumulados, como base para la reflexión y el debate sobre el presente. Este artículo busca contribuir a esta reflexión.
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESSES. EVIDENCE FROM CORPORATE RECRUITERS
Authors: Briciu Victor-Alexandru , Briciu Arabela , Catargiu Andreea-Cristina
Published: August 2024

Globalization and the evolution of technology have put a lot of pressure on organizations to transform and update themselves, and there is an upward trend in organizations adapting to technology, especially the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in business. Currently, the hiring process is largely handled by recruiters who review resumes, online profiles, and other sources to find suitable candidates for open positions. As employees have limited skills, keeping up with all the necessary tasks is not an easy task and usually time-consuming for each recruiter. In Romania, AI represents an opportunity that will certainly help the country's economic development. Although Romania does not have an official plan to use this technology, its implementation in the public sector has been put on the agenda of a newly established institution: the Authority for the Digitization of Romania. This paper presents the relationship between AI and recruitment and selection processes. It also presents the view of recruiters from a multinational company in Romania, describing their different perspectives on AI adoption, future and risks associated with AI in recruitment. This paper aims to investigate how AI is implemented in the traditional recruitment process and what would be the implications of having AI in the recruitment of many candidates.
STRENGTHENING COOPERATION FOR CUSTOMS RISKS MANAGEMENT AT EUROPEAN BORDERS IN THE NEW REGIONAL SECURITY CONTEXT
Authors: Tudor Florin , Gavrilă Simona Petrina
Published: August 2024

In the current security context of the Black Sea region, trade relations are affected by the imperative of international sanctions, which have imposed a series of restrictions that make it difficult for professionals to carry out commercial contracts. Through the 12 packages of restrictions established by the EU, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the supply of raw materials from the East and exports to these destinations are largely blocked. The risk of fraud is evident as long as production facilities are designed for the use of certain categories of goods in the supply chain, which are currently under economic embargo or directed toward specific markets. Integrated border management is a priority for authorities, and consolidating cooperation for customs risk management involves adopting exceptional measures. This study aims to identify the gaps in the Union's regulatory framework regarding risks and the critical knowledge of control authorities regarding the processes defined for processing customs and commercial documents within import-export operations at the Union's external eastern border. The scope, interpretation, and effects of European and international legal provisions constitute a separate analysis of the exceptional nature of international sanctions.