bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Village Apparatus Performance in Population Administration Services in Village
Authors: Rosandy Mohamat Riski , Rodiyah Isnaini
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study was to analyze and describe the performance of village officials in population administration services in Senepo Village, Slahung District, Ponorogo Regency. The method used by the descriptive researcher with a qualitative approach the data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and documentation with one key informant and four informants, namely the Village Head Village Secretary Head of Service and two community users of population administration services. Data analysis techniques in this study are data collection data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing The results of this study indicate that the Performance of Village Apparatus in Population Administration Services in Senepo Village, Slahung District Ponorogo Regency. the quality of work related to aspects of the skills and expertise of the apparatus has been maximized. The employees are always quick to serve the community and prioritize the interests of the community so that the community is satisfied with the services provided. Timeliness related to administrative services in Senepo Village is on time. Punctuality is the responsibility of every village apparatus to complete population administration required by the community. The capabilities in question are based on education skills, work experience that provide benefits. If these capabilities are successfully executed and completed properly, then the individual human resources are considered qualified. Quality human resources are human resources who are reliable, independent, and professional in carrying out their main duties and functions at work
The Effect of Public Communication, Youth Participation and Social Media on Community Receptions About Covid Pandemic in Village
Authors: Indriawati Novila , Rochmaniah Ainur
Published: January 2023

Public perception of the Covid-19 pandemic is very diverse, people view events in their environment with different responses. Especially the response regarding the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Rw.06 Village area. Kalisampurno, from the various symptoms of Covid-19, people who were exposed to Covid-19 even died due to Covid-19. Therefore Rw.06 Village, Kalisampurno formed a team to help residents of Rw.06 deal with the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Rw.06 neighborhood. Starting from the existence of public communication between RW.06 Village. Kalisampurno through their respective RT, Rw.06 Village. Kalisampurno through the covid team and also through youths who live in the Rw.06 area. In addition to using public communication, the head of Rw.06 Village. Kalisampurno also spreads information about the covid pandemic through social media, especially whatsapp. With this, information can be spread to all residents of Rw.06 Village. Kalisampurno.

                This research is a type of quantitative research by choosing a location in the Rw.06 area of ​​Kalisampurno Village by distributing questionnaires through google form, totaling 110 respondents with random sampling technique. With data analyst using SPSS 20.0 . program. The results of this study indicate that the Group Communication variable (X1) partially and simultaneously has an influence on the Community Reception variable (Y) in the neighborhood area of ​​Rw.06 Village. Kalisampurno.
Receptor-interacting protein 1 inhibition prevents mechanical stress-induced temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by regulating apoptosis and later-stage necroptosis of chondrocytes
Authors: Zhou Yiwen , Lin Shuang , Huang Ziwei , Zhang Caixia , Wang Huijuan , Li Baochao , Li Huang
Published: January 2023

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that has multiple causes. The abnormal stress distribution is known to be an important trigger of TMJ OA. This article explored the pathological changes of the condylar cartilage under 60g mechanical force and whether the inhibition of Receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) can protect stress-induced TMJ OA.
Material and Methods: We used a compressive mechanical force-induced-TMJ OA model and Lenti-virus targeting RIP1 to perform this study. A total of 72 male rats were used in the animal experiment. Each rat was injected with a negative control Lenti-shRNA in the right TMJ and Lenti-siRIP1 in the left TMJ and euthanized after 4 and 7 days, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, Tunnel staining and Micro-CT were used to detect cartilage pathological changes and one way ANOVA with LSD analysis was used to determine statistical significance between groups.
Results: The results identified the characteristics of the spatio-temporal changes in stress-induced TMJ OA. Under mechanical force, inflammation and apoptosis, which occur in the whole layer of mandibular cartilage, appear on the 4th day and persist till the 7th day. Necroptosis arises in the later stage of mechanical force and is mainly located in the transition layer. RIP1 inhibition through Lenti-virus could protect stress-induced mandibular cartilage thinning by inhibiting persisted apoptosis and later-stage necroptosis in the transition layer.
Conclusions: RIP1 plays an essential role in the destruction of mandibular cartilage under mechanical force. RIP1 inhibition through Lenti-virus could protect mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA.
Occupational Diseases among Sanitary Workers in Worldwide: Systematic Review
Authors: Tolera Sina Temesgen
Published: January 2023

Background: Sanitary workers are exposing with different occupational hazards in these setting, that leading occupational disabilities or disease. Thus, quantification of these problems among these group will be significant for further attention in both scientific scholars and government to withstand sanitary workers.
Methods: Reviewed data were searched from databases, namely PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Lilacs for eligible studies from 2000 to 2022. Waste collectors and emptier, street sweepers, sewage workers, health care facilities cleaners were eligible populations. Gastro intestinal conditions, respiratory problems, skin problems and other psychosocial problems. Risk of bias was assessed using an adopted from Liverpool Quality Assessment Tool.
Results: A total of 168 studies were identified from the databases and other reports. Finally, 50 studies were included. About 15/23(65%) developed countries were included but 28/50 (56%) of the studies obtained from developing countries. More than 91% of the studies were used cross sectional study design and 50% used type of logistic regression and multivariate regression. Majority of the study obtained from India 15 (30%) and followed by Egypt 5(10%). From 7, 711 sanitary workers, majority of them 48 %( 3682) were sewage workers and followed by street sweepers 1441(19%). The remaining were 1317(17%), 828(11%), 275(3%) and 168(2%) were waste water workers, solid waste collectors, waste collectors with sewage workers and street sweeper with waste collectors, respectively. From reviewed of occupational related outcomes (50), occupational respiratory diseases studies were accounted about 26 (52%) studies and followed by gastro-enteritis disease 14 (28%) related studies. The remaining studies were focused on both gastroenteritis and respiratory conditions 4 (8%); multiple health problem 3 (6%); gastroenteritis, Respiratory, and mental and Socials conditions 2(4%); and one study was focused on Mental health conditions of sanitary workers
Conclusion: Despite a large number of studies, there is limited evidence to date of the occupational health diseases faced by sanitation workers. Nevertheless, the research to date provides suggestive evidence of elevated occupational related risk among sanitation workers. More research is needed to improve the current bodies of evidence for all included health outcomes to be able to quantify disease burden among sanitary workers.
Realist approach to community-based participatory research on a community health break-down in Japan: Mechanism reasoning, knowledge and a trust partnership
Authors: Yamashiro Seiji , Kita Keiichiro
Published: January 2023

Background: Our 10-year program of community health regeneration and community-based participatory research (CBPR) was initially an unseen effort. However, as a result, we were able to succeed in creating a collaboration between residents, medical staff, and administrative staff. We adopted the realistic approach as an evaluation method.
Methods: The realist approach evaluates a program with a Context-Mechanism-Outcome configuration (CMOc), which is a relatively new methodology. First, the program manager summarized the entire program into CMOc, and then conducted questionnaires and interviews with seven core members, and summarized each into a CMOc. The program was evaluated with particular attention paid to the mechanism reasoning.
Results: The number of doctors and nurses increased, and the residents became more active. The success factors were the acquisition of participants' knowledge and the acquisition of a trust partnership. In addition, it was important that the timing of the activity was good and that the members were highly conscious.
Conclusions: The 10-year CBPR was examined using the realist approach evaluation method. Knowledge acquisition and a trust partnership were important as mechanism reasoning.
TiO2/SO42- Solid Superacid Catalyst Prepared by Recovered TiO2 from Waste SCR and its Application in the Transesterification of ethyl acetate with n-butanol
Authors: Hassane Mahamat Abderamane , Wang Wei , CHANG Zhidong , Li Min , Dong Bin , Ndonfack Kevin Igor azeuda , Li Wenjun , Sun Changyan
Published: January 2023

In this contribution, the recovered TiO2 from waste Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) was transformed into a solid superacid catalyst (TiO2/SO42-) modified by sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The results of XRD suggest that the crystal structures of TiO2 are not destroyed during the recovery and sulfation processes. The recovered TiO2-modified superacid catalyst has a greater surface area (41.83 m2/g) than TiO2/SO42- catalysts produced from pure TiO2 reported by previous researchers. The Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore size distribution confirms that the samples are essentially mesoporous structures. The NH3-TPD analysis demonstrated that the formation of the superacid sites occurs at temperatures ranging between 400 and 500 °C. The prepared TiO2/SO42- solid superacid catalyst exhibits good catalytic activity with the conversion of n-butanol above 92 % in the transesterification of ethyl acetate and n-butanol.
Health literacy and experience of the Yemeni migrants with the Dutch healthcare system: a qualitative study
Authors: Al-Tamimi Abdulhakeem , Parić Martina , Groot Wim , Pavlova Milena
Published: January 2023

Background and aim
The Netherlands is receiving increasing numbers of Yemeni refugees due to the ongoing war in Yemen. Since there is a lack of knowledge about access to health care by migrants, this study investigates the experiences of Yemeni refugees with the Dutch healthcare system from a health literacy perspective.
Methods
Qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted among 13 Yemeni migrants in the Netherlands, who were invited using convenience and snowball sampling. Inductive and deductive thematic analyses were conducted on their health literacy and experience with the Dutch healthcare system.
Results
The participants knew how to use primary and emergency care, and were aware of health problems related to smoking, physical inactivity, and an unhealthy diet. However, some participants lacked an understanding of health insurance schemes, vaccination, and food labels. They also experienced language barriers during the first months after arrival. Furthermore, they preferred to postpone seeking mental health care. They also showed mistrust towards general practitioners and perceived them as uncaring and hard to convince of their complaints.
Discussion and conclusion
Yemeni migrants are well-acquainted with many aspects of Dutch healthcare, disease prevention, and health promotion. However, trust in healthcare providers, vaccination literacy and mental health awareness must improve. Therefore, it is suggested to ensure more ethnic-based community mobilisation strategies that can be used to improve trust in the healthcare system and facilitate mental healthcare acceptance.
Grass shrimp parasites use complimentary life histories to avoid a conflict of interest
Authors: Finn Robert P , Buck Julia C
Published: January 2023

A conflict of interest occurs when parasites manipulate the behavior of their host in contradictory ways. In grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio), trematode parasites cause the shrimp to be more active than usual around predators, while bopyrid isopod parasites elicit the opposite response. Since these parasites are altering the host’s behavior in opposing directions, a conflict of interest should occur in doubly infected shrimp. Natural selection should favor attempts to resolve this conflict through avoidance, killing, or sabotage. In a field survey of shrimp populations in four tidal creeks in the Cape Fear River, we found a significant negative association between the two parasites. Parasite abundance was negatively correlated in differently sized hosts, suggesting avoidance as a mechanism. Subsequent mortality experiments showed no evidence of early death of doubly infected hosts. In behavior trials, doubly infected shrimp did not show significantly different behavior from other infection statuses, suggesting that neither parasite sabotages the manipulation of the other. Taken together, our results suggest that rather than sabotaging one another directly, bopyrid and trematode parasites reduce conflict by preferentially infecting differently sized hosts. Because grass shrimp exist at high biomass in salt marsh ecosystems and are infected at high prevalence, our findings have implications for ecosystem structure and function.
Neurodevelopmental trajectory in a cohort of Very Low Birth Weight Infants at preschool age: a prospective observational study.
Authors: Battajon Nadia , Bechini Chiara , De Osti Federica , Galletti Anna , Frigo Anna Chiara , Lago Paola
Published: January 2023

Background. Preterm birth is a risk factor for a baby’s neurological development. Preterm children have unusual neurodevelopmental profiles with executive, visual-motor functions, fine and gross motor skills, language and behavior that affect learning.
To analyze the neurodevelopmental trajectory of a cohort of very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between 2014 and 2016, followed until pre-school age.
Method. This is an observational cohort study. Infants were followed at birth and after NICU discharge at two- and four-year follow-ups. The two-year assessment was conducted with Bayley III, and at four years with the WPSSI and ABC Movement two scales.
Results. The cohort consisted of 207 subjects with a mean gestational age (GA) of 28.9 (SD 2.6) weeks, and a mean birth weight of 1097.2 (SD 281.7) grams. At two years, children without disabilities were 90 (59.6%), those with mild disabilities 47 (31.1%), and those with moderate disabilities 14 (9.3%); at four years, 58.4% of children without previous disabilities, presented problems with verbal tests (WPSSI-ICV) and manual dexterity (MD): aiming and grasping (ME) and balance (E) at mABC2. There was significant alteration in processing speed (IVE) (p < 0.001). Further, there was a strong correlation between IVE and DM (correlation = 0.47 p < 0.001) and between IVE and ME (correlation=0.27, p = 0.0059).
Conclusions. With pre-school neurodevelopmental assessment, given our cohort of ex-VLBWIs, we found more than half the children free of disability at two years, as they had presented a deficit that often involves oculo-motor coordination and processing speed.
Island Pedicle Flap: A versatile and dependable technique for covering small to medium sized facial defects
Authors: MBBCh Abubaker Elamin , MBBCh Hussein Ahmed , Fiala Mohamed S. , El-Sawy Abdelhamid , Ezzat Abdelrahman
Published: January 2023

Background:Facial skin defects following the excision of cutaneous neoplasia may present a reconstruction challenge. The island pedicle flap offers a versatile and dependable tool for reconstruction of a variety of facial defects. The aim was to evaluate our experience with the utility of the island pedicle flap in reconstruction of facial skin defects.Methods:A retrospective assessment on 48 patients was small- to medium-sized facial skin defects were reconstructed with island pedicle flaps. The data was collected between November 2018 and December 2020. The reconstructions were performed in consideration of the relaxed skin tension lines and facial aesthetic unit concept.Results:All defects were successfully covered with island pedicle flaps. The defect sizes varied from 0.2cm2to 9.5cm2. The outcome for the safety margins were as follows; 4 cases with 0.3 cm margin, 22 cases with 0.4 cm margin, 16 cases with 0.5 cm margin and 6 cases with 0.6 cm margin. Excision margins per pathology were compared to the BAD criteria; with 40 cases meeting the BAD criteria and 8 cases not. For this study, we focussed on two FACE-Q Skin Cancer Module scales. ‘Satisfaction with Facial Appearance’ had a highest score on the scale of 93% satisfaction and 19% of patients scored 71-82% on the scale. Regarding ‘Appraisal of Scar’, 79% of patients rated their outcome 82-100% on the scale.Conclusion:Considering the simplicity and safety of island pedicle flaps, this flap has been proven a reliable and a valuable tool.
NRF2 Transcriptionally Regulates Caspase-11 Expression to Activate HMGB1 Release by Hepatocytes
Authors: KHAMBU BILON , Cai Genxiang , Liu Gang , Bailey Niani , Mercer Arissa , Baral Kamal , Ma Michelle , Chen Xiaoyun , li Yu , Yin Xiao-Ming
Published: January 2023

Injury or stress can induce intracellular translocation and extracellular release of nuclear HMGB1, a typical danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule known to participate in inflammation and other pathological processes. Active release of HMGB1 can occur from stimulated macrophages. However, whether and how active release of HMGB1 could occur from epithelial cells such as hepatocytes is less clear. We previously had shown that active release of HMGB1 can occur from autophagy impaired hepatocytes, and it depended on the inflammasome but how the inflammasome was activated was not known. Here we report that persistent activation of transcription factor NRF2 under the autophagy deficient condition led to transcriptional upregulation of Caspase-11 expression, which could then activate the CASPASE-1inflammasome. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) and luciferase-based reporter assays, we show that NRF2 directly binds to the Caspase-11 promoter and transcriptionally increase the expression of Caspase-11. Genetic deletion of Caspase-11 in autophagy-deficient livers represses the release of HMGB1 and its pathological consequence, ductular cell proliferation. Consistently, deletion of NLRP3, which can activate CASPASE-1 mediated inflammasomes under other types of signals, did not prevent HMGB1 release and ductular cell proliferation in autophagy deficient livers. Surprisingly, while cleavage of GASDEMIN D occurred in autophagy-deficient livers its deletion did not prevent the HMGB1 release, suggesting that CASPASE-11-mediated inflammasome activation may also engage in a different mechanism for HMGB1 release by the autophagy deficient hepatocytes. Collectively, this work reveals the novel role of NRF2 in transcriptional upregulation of Caspase-11 and in inflammasome activation to promote active release of HMGB via a non-Gasdermin D mediated avenue in hepatocyte.
Liquid tumor microenvironment enhances WNT signaling pathway of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Huawei , Hao Zhibin , Wang Yujie , Zhang Deng , Li Jie , Chen Ling , Yao Ninghua , Qian Binbin , Peng Xiaobo , Zhan Xianbao
Published: January 2023

Gastric cancer remains one of the most prevalent tumors worldwide and peritoneal metastasis is responsible for approximately 60% death in advanced gastric cancer patients. However, the underlying mechanism of peritoneal metastasis is poorly understood. We have established organoids derived from malignant ascites (MA) of gastric cancer patient and noticed that MA supernatant could strongly increase colony formation of organoids. We realized the interaction between exfoliated cancer cells (ECCs) and tumor microenvironment contributes to peritoneal metastasis. We designed a medium component control test which proved that exosomes derived from MA could not enhance the growth of organoids. Using western blotting assay as well as Immunofluorescence and confocal imaging, our data showed WNT signaling pathway is upregulated by high concentration of WNT ligands (wnt3a and wnt5a), which was verified by ELISA. Conversely, suppressing WNT signaling pathway diminishes the growth promoting function of MA supernatant. This result implicates WNT signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.
Thermal energy savings during cord fiber spinning
Authors: Palátka Jan , Mayer Karel , Pexa Martin , Čedík Jakub , Holubek Michal
Published: January 2023

The demand for high-strength grade fibers and consumption of viscose fibers shows increasing tendency and growing trends in use of this product. Regenerated cellulose-based fibers of various properties are produced in order to meet all needs using new production technologies developed especially in recent years. One of the key processes in fiber spinning is continuous drying before final winding on spools. The manufacturing methods used for viscose fibers allows production of various types, parameters and specifications of fibers. It is therefore increasingly necessary to implement and standardize a drying concept to stabilize subprocess in a continuous production manufacturing as much as possible within the desired parameters of the final product. These activities and methods embody concepts for production of the highest quality fibers suitable to both producers and users. Currently, the concept of drying viscose fibers in a continuous production process is a problem that affects its final shape and quality properties such as commercial weight, linear density and tensile properties of all products and lengths for staple fibers as well as shrinkage and twisting for yarns of fibers. Due to that, development of technology enabling maximum stabilization of the drying process to achieve long-term sustainable final fiber quality parameters was adopted as a strategic project, including incorporation of efficient solutions for the overall energy intensity of this process in order to reduce the manufacturing carbon footprint by 23.81%. The production of viscose fibers and the project also aims to achieve significant energy savings up to 24 509.9 GJ·year-1.
Cycle-consistent Generative Adversarial Network for computational hematoxylin-and-eosin staining of fluorescence confocal microscopic images of basal cell carcinoma tissue
Authors: Bagheri Mahmoud , Ghanadan Alireza , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Atyabi Fatemeh , Hejazi Marjaneh
Published: January 2023

Background
Histopathology based on Hematoxylin-and-Eosin (H&E) staining is the gold standard for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) diagnosis but requires lengthy and laborious tissue preparation. Fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) enables fluorescence detection and high-resolution imaging in less time and with minimal tissue preparation. This work proposes a deep learning model for the computational staining of FCM images based on an unsupervised approach, which correlates color with H&E images.
Methods
In this study, we investigated the utility of FCM on BCC tissue sections stained with Acridine Orange (AO) and computationally colored to simulate H&E dyes. We adopted Cycle-consistent Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN), an unsupervised framework, for computational staining. The dataset consists of unpaired and unannotated thousands of FCM and H&E patches from whole slide images of BCC tissue sections. CycleGAN includes two forward and backward GANs that are coupled together and complete a cycle to ensure a reliable transformation between the two domains. In addition to the adversarial and cycle consistency constraints, a saliency constraint was employed to enhance the correct mapping direction between FCM and H&E images and avoid appearance distortions of the image content.
Results
The generated H&E-like images from FCM through this CycleGAN model were visually and quantitatively similar to real H&E images. Computationally stained images had skin tissue characteristics. The trained models showed a high performance in the structure preservation of the original image when comparing the source and reconstructed images. Quantitative metrics (by Fréchet Inception Distance) showed that CycleGAN could improve the similarity of training images by up to 63% after mapping images from a source domain to a target domain.
Conclusion
FCM could expand the application and usefulness of rapid tissue analysis. Thus, using the CycleGAN model for computational staining is beneficial for diagnostic applications while simplifying laboratory staining procedures. The proposed approach has significant potential in clinical computational staining and advanced computer-aided histology image analysis.
Research on Group Decision Making of Public Space Renovation in Old Communities in China Based on Participant Conflict View
Authors: Li Yang , Zheng Wei , Wang Jingxue , Zhao Lu
Published: January 2023

Background. With the widespread renovation of public space in older communities, we not only face the problems such as limited space and great difficulty in renovation, but also faces the challenges of more diversified decision makers and more market-oriented renovation methods. This further results in frequent community contradictions, hinders the smoothness of the renovation and upgrading, and also affects the improvement of the physical and mental health of residents in old community.
Methods. In this paper, a decision model for renovation of public space in old communities under the minimum conflict constraint is constructed based on fuzzy preference information. The incomplete preference matrix is used to estimate the missing value, the similarity is used for group clustering, and the conflict degree is measured according to the distance entropy to make the decision.
Findings. The feasibility of the multi-agent decision-making method for the renovation of old communities established in this study is demonstrated by case study, and the renovation conflicts of public spaces in old communities can be mediated by changing the weight of decision-making subjects in the modified preference matrix.
Conclusion. In this study, multi-agent preference, incomplete information and multi-decision scheme are integrated into the decision-making of renovation scheme, which can resolve the conflicts of public decision-making and improve the efficiency and quality of decision-making.
Soil Depth Can Modify the Contribution of Root Structure to Root Decomposition
Authors: TANG YINGZHOU , Liu Xin , Lian JingWei , Cheng Xuefei , Zhang Jinchi , Wang G. Geoff
Published: January 2023

Aims
Changes in root structure and soil depth affect root decomposition. However, due to soil opacity, many variables of root structure have not been well studied and even measured.
Methods
To investigate the effects of soil depth and the characteristics of root structure on root decomposition, soil samples (In-situ soil core of 10cm diameter and 60cm length drilled by soil auger in October 2020) were collected in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus taeda plantations (40 years), at six soil depths (0-60cm, every 10cm). The root structure in the in-situ soil cores was analyzed using CT scans and specialized analysis software.
Results
Root volume, shape, and connectivity were significantly higher in the 0–10 cm soil depth than in the 10-60cm soil depths, but root length and tortuosity were significantly lower than in the 50-60cm soil depth (p༜0.05). The SEM shows that different stand types influenced root biomass and thus root decomposition directly or indirectly through the characteristics of stand types. Root structure variables affected root biomass and thus root decomposition indirectly. Root biomass contributed the most to root decomposition in Cunninghamia lanceolata (20.19%) and Pinus taeda (32.26%) plantations. The contribution of root structure variables to root decomposition exceeded 50% in the 20–30 cm and 40–50 cm soil depths.
Conclusions
Our findings suggested that the contribution and influence of root structure variables on root decomposition rate varies with soil depth. It deserves more consideration in our future studies.
Sex Differences in Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers among Non-Enrollees in the Context of Lower Gender Equality
Authors: Firoozabadi Mahdieh Ghanbari , Mirzaei Masoud , Grace Sherry L , Vafaeinasab Mohammadreza , Dehghani-Tafti Maryam , Sadeghi Abbas , Asadi Zohre , Basirinezhad Mohammad Hasan
Published: January 2023

Background
Despite the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), it remains under-utilized, particularly by women. This study compared CR barriers between non-enrolling men and women in Iran, which has among the lowest gender equality globally.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, CR barriers were assessed via phone interview in phase II non-attenders from March 2017 to February 2018 with the Persian version of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale (CRBS-P). T-tests were used to compare scores, with each of 18 barriers scored out of 5, between men and women.
Results
357 (33.9%) of the sample of 1053 were women, and they were older, less educated and less often employed than men. Total mean CRBS scores were significantly greater in women (2.37 ± .37) than men (2.29 ± .35; p < .001). The top CR barriers among women were cost (3.35, P < 0.001), transportation problems (3.24, P < 0.001), distance (3.21, P < 0.001), comorbidities (2.97, P < 0.001), low energy (2.41, P < 0.001), finding exercise as tiring or painful (2.22, P = 0.018), and older age (2.27, P = 0.001). Men rated "already exercise at home or in community" (2.69, P = 0.001), time constraints (2.18, P < 0.001) and work responsibilities (2.24, P = 0.001) as greater CR barriers than women.
Conclusion
Women had greater barriers to CR participation than men. CR programs should be modified to address women’s needs. Home-based CR tailored to women’s exercise needs and preferences should be considered.
A novel FePO4 nanosized fertilizer is as efficient as triple superphosphate in sustaining the growth of cucumber plants
Authors: Ciurli Andrea , Giagnoni Laura , Sega Davide , Pastorelli Roberta , Varanini Zeno , Renella Giancarlo , Zamboni Anita
Published: January 2023

Background

Behaviour of nanofertilizers in plant-soil system can be different from that of conventional chemical fertilizers due to their peculiar chemical-physical properties, and their effectiveness is still poorly understood.

Methods

We tested the effectiveness of a FePO4 NF in sustaining the growth of cucumber plants in a pot experiment, compared to a conventional TSP fertilizer. Plants were grown for 28 d on a P deficient soil and growth parameters, nutrient concentrations in plant tissues, P availability in soil, activity of enzymes involved in C, N, P and S mineralization and the structure of the soil microbial communities were determined.

Results and conclusions

Results showed no significant differences in dry weight, leaf area, SPAD index and root growth between NF and TSP fertilized plants. Conversely, P availability in soil and P content in plant tissues at the end of the experiment was significantly higher after TSP than NF fertilization, whereas no major differences were observed for other nutrients. Among the measured soil enzyme activities, acid phosphatase, β-glucosidase and arylsulfatase activities presented similar values between NF- and TSP-treated soils, the alkaline phosphatase activity presented higher values in TSP- than in NF-fertilized soil, whereas the protease activity showed higher values in NF- than in TSP-fertilized soils. Microbial community structure of NF- and TSP-fertilized soils showed significant differences for archaeal, bacterial and fungal communities although the microbial community profiles clustered generally closer to each other among all treatments. We concluded that the tested FePO4 NF can be an efficient alternative to conventional TSP fertilizers.
The role of employment-based exposure to hazardous substances in driving tuberculosis diagnosis among working-age men in South Africa
Authors: Hollington Marcus
Published: January 2023

Background: South Africa is one of the most tuberculosis-burdened countries in the world. As an emerging economic powerhouse in the continent, the country’s highly industrialized landscape provides both opportunity and probable morbidity/mortality in a “developmental disease-induced paradox” wherein development provisions better quality of life for beneficiaries whilst simultaneously making them more susceptible to disease as a result thereof. This study examines the association between employment-based exposure to hazardous substances and tuberculosis diagnosis among men aged between 18 and 65 years in South Africa.
Methods: The study used data from the South Africa Demography and Health Survey. It constituted a sample size of 1,532 working-age men between 18 and 65 years. Bivariate regression was used to examine the relationship between employment-based exposure to hazardous substances and diagnosis of tuberculosis. Thereafter, an adjusted binary regression model was employed to examine the relationship between employment-based exposure to hazardous substances and tuberculosis diagnosis while adjusting for covariates. Analysis was conducted in STATA 16.0.
Results: The study found 7% of men that participated in the study were diagnosed with TB in South Africa. Both the unadjusted and adjusted models revealed that men who reported being exposed to hazardous substances such as smoke, dust, and fumes were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with tuberculosis compared to men that reported not being exposed to such hazardous substances at work (UOR: 2.15; p<0.05; CI: 1.44-3.19; AOR: 1.83; p<0.05; CI: 1.15-2.90). Variables such as age, province, ethnicity, educational attainment, and asthma were also found to be statistically associated with tuberculosis diagnosis among men who participated in the study.
Conclusion: The study reveals that men of working age in South Africa are susceptible to a developmental disease-induced paradox linked to TB diagnosis, one in which industrialization and the opportunities it avails for populations increase their risk of disease. As such, companies operating in South Africa should employ improved health and safety regulations to better safeguard employees from TB diagnosis. Moreover, to better manage the burden of disease, the South African government should strengthen its health infrastructure to trace and treat men diagnosed with the disease to facilitate ongoing economic development.
Tracing the birth of structural domains from loops during protein evolution
Authors: Aziz M. Fayez , Mughal Fizza , Caetano-Anollés Gustavo
Published: January 2023

The structures and functions of proteins are embedded into the loop scaffolds of structural domains. Their origin and evolution remain mysterious. Here, we use a novel graph-theoretical approach to describe how modular and non-modular loop prototypes combine to form folded structures in protein domain evolution. Phylogenomic data-driven chronologies reoriented a bipartite network of loops and domains (and its projections) into ‘waterfalls’ depicting an evolving ‘elementary functionome’ (EF). Two primordial waves of functional innovation involving founder ‘p-loop’ and ‘winged-helix’ domains were accompanied by an ongoing emergence and reuse of structural and functional novelty. Metabolic pathways expanded before translation functionalities. A dual hourglass recruitment pattern transferred scale-free properties from loop to domain components of the EF network in generative cycles of hierarchical modularity. Modeling the evolutionary emergence of the oldest P-loop and winged-helix domains with AlphFold2 uncovered rapid convergence towards folded structure, suggesting that a folding vocabulary exists in loops for protein fold repurposing and design.
Comparative research on the development of college students' physical fitness based on online physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sun Jun , Chang Jie , Zhu Ergang , Sun Xugui , Chen Xiaohong
Published: January 2023

Background: There are few studies on the impact of online physical education that have been conducted with college students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This research focuses on the impact of online physical education among medical school students in China by comparing physical fitness test results for three consecutive years from 2019 to 2021.
Method: The subjects of the experiments were students enrolled in a medical school who completed a physical fitness test for three consecutive years from 2019 to 2021. The test items included body mass index (BMI), vital capacity (VC), 50-metre run, sit and reach, standing long jump, pull-ups (male), 1000-metre run (male), sit-ups (female) and 800-metre run (female). Noting that students participated in online physical education in 2020, this paper discusses the impact of online physical education on the physical fitness of college students based on a comparative analysis of physical fitness test results from 2019, 2020 and 2021.
Results: The weight index of male students shows a downwards trend from 2019 to 2021. The proportion of overweight and obesity in male students was significantly higher than that in female students (27.1% vs. 11.7%). For all subjects, in 2020, the BMI and VC indexes improved, while the 800/1000-metre running indexes declined. In 2021, all indexes except sit-and-reach increased.
Conclusion: The pairwise comparisons of physical fitness test results from 2019 to 2021 show that online physical education is effective in improving all items except long-distance running. Future research needs to involve a larger and geographically more dispersed sample to further analyse the effectiveness of online physical education.
WITHDRAWN: Lagging effects and prediction of pollutants and their interaction modifiers on influenza in northeastern China
Authors: Hou Weiming , Hou Weiyu , Zhang Xin
Published: January 2023

Background
Previous studies have typically explored the daily lagged relationship between influenza and meteorology, with little seasonal exploration of the monthly lagged relationship, interaction and multiple prediction between influenza and pollution.
Methods
Our researchers collected ILI cases data from 2005–2018 as well as meteorological and contaminative factors from 2015–2018 for the Northeast region. We developed a generalized additive model (GAM) with a maximum lag of 6 months to evaluate the lagged and interaction effects of pollution factors on the cases of Influenza. Multiple complex regression analysis was then performed after applying lasso regression to screen environmental factors in the Northeast, along with the relationship at different levels by quantile regression.
Results
There has been a yearly upward trend in influenza outbreaks in the northeastern regions. Overall low levels of NO2 during January, March, and June may be the most suspected air pollutant contributing to excessive influenza incidence. Relative risk of influenza under PM2.5 exposure increased with increasing PM2.5 concentration in the Age15-24 group with a lag of 0–6 months (ERR1.08(95% CI:0.10,2.07). In the quantitative analysis of the interaction model, PM10 at the level of 100–120 µg/m3, PM2.5 at the level of 60–80 µg/m3, and NO2 at the level of 60 µg/m3 or more had the greatest effect on the onset of influenza. The GPR model was better in prediction.
Conclusions
The air pollutant NO2 increased the risk of influenza with a cumulative lag. We should focus on winter and spring pollution monitoring and influenza prediction modeling.
Epidemiology of musculoskeletal disorders among Iranian adults: Results from a non-communicable disease cohort study
Authors: Najafi Farid , Darbandi Mitra , Neya Sepideh Kazemi , Belasi Masoud Tokazebani , Izadi Neda , Pasdar Yahya , Barzegar Akbar
Published: January 2023

Background: Persistent pain and reduced mobility and dexterity are the typical characteristics of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). We aimed to determine the prevalence of back and joint pain, back, and joint stiffness, arthritis, and osteoporosis among adults and their distribution according to sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 9,520 participants aged 35-65 years from baseline data of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study, in the west of Iran. Binary logistic regression was used to determine associations and reported by odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: The MSDs in women were significantly more than in men (59.06% vs. 40.94%, P<0.001). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and handgrip strength were significantly lower in subjects with MSDs, and waist circumference (WC) and visceral fat area (VFA) were higher than in the non-MSDs (P<0.001). MSDs were significantly less common in men and women of rural areas (OR: 0.77; 95%CI: 0.67, 0.88 and OR: 0.63; 95%CI: 0.55, 0.72, respectively). Obesity increased the odds of MSDs in women (OR=1.38; 95%CI: 1.04-1.82), whereas there was no association between BMI and MSDs in men. High and moderate socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with 25% and 17% lower odds of MSDs, respectively, compared with poor socioeconomic status (OR=0.75; 95%CI: 0.63-0.90 & OR=0.83; 95%CI: 0.70-0.99).
Conclusion: The MSDs were more prevalent among older people, women, obese people and urban dwellers. Lifestyle modification, especially weight loss may be helpful in reducing and controlling MSDs.
Association between dietary inflammatory index and infertility of women; Results from RaNCD Cohort Study
Authors: Moludi Jalal , Kamari Negin , Darbandi Mitra , Mostafaei Shayan , Moradi Shima , Pasdar Yahya , Najafi Farid , Navabi Jafar , Saber Amir
Published: January 2023

Background
In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to the influence of nutrition on reproductive health. Nevertheless, the imminent association between diet-related inflammation and the risk of infertility has not yet been established. The aim of the current study was to investigate the ability of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) to estimate infertility incidence in women.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from Ravansar non-communicable diseases (RaNCD) cohort study on 3,988 participants. The DII was calculated based on the reported consumption of up to 31 food parameters measured via a validated and reproducible 118-item food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the multivariable odds ratio (OR) adjusted for potential confounding variables.
Results
Out of all participants, 397 women (9.95%) were infertile. The mean ± SD age of infertile women was 45.1 ± 7.58 years and the mean ± SD weight was 72 ± 13.69. Also, 957 (24%) of the participants had low physical activity and 3,374 (84.6%) used contraceptives. Statistical analyses showed the odds ratio of infertility in the fourth quartile (pro-inflammatory diet) was 1.48 times higher than in the first quartile (anti-inflammatory diet) of DII (95% CI: 1.10,2.03).
Conclusions
Based on the results that provide compelling evidence we concluded that infertility in women is related to dietary. Interventions and programs aimed at promoting a healthy diet and lifestyle could be helpful in solving the problem of infertility in women.
Peripheral T cell populations are differentially affected in monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes and gout
Authors: Al Burcu , Bruno Mariolina , Röring Rutger Jan , Klück Viola , Liu Ruiqi , Debisarun Priya A. , Gaal Ildiko Orsolya , Bhat Jaydeep , Kabelitz Dieter , Joosten Leo A.B. , Netea Mihai G. , Placek Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

Purpose Both monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes, such as Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) and Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), and the common inflammatory disease gout are characterized by episodes of sterile inflammatory attacks in the absence of an infection. While these disorders encompass distinct pathologies due to differentially affected metabolic pathways and inflammasome activation mechanisms, their common features are the excessive production of interleukin (IL)-1ß and innate immune cell hyperreactivity. On the other hand, the role of T cells and innate-like lymphocytes such as gamma delta (γδ) T cells in these pathologies is ill-defined.
Methods In order to widen our understanding of T cell involvement in FMF, CGD and gout pathology we developed multicolour immunophenotyping panels for flow cytometry and functional assays to characterise gd T cells, as well as CD4 and CD8 T cell populations in terms of their cytokine production, activation status, memory or naive phenotypes, exhaustion status, homing receptor expression, and cytotoxic activity.
Results Our study is the first deep immunophenotyping analysis of T cell populations in FMF, CGD and gout patients. We found that CGD affects the frequencies and activation status of T cells, while gout impairs cytokine production capacity of Vd2 T cells and reshapes homing receptor expression by T cells. FMF was characterized by only minor effects on T cell populations.
Conclusion Autoinflammatory syndromes differentially affect T cell compartments. Future studies are warranted to assess whether these phenotypical changes are relevant for disease pathology.
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Lymnaeid snail and Trematodes Cercariae in Different Water Bodies in Perak, Malaysia
Authors: Tookhy Nazir Ahmad , Md Nur Mahiza , Mansor Rozaihan , Rahman Yasmin Abd , Ahmad Nur Indah , Bui Dung Thi , Idris Lokman Hakim , Hamzah Noor Hazfalinda , Zulkifli Norhadila
Published: January 2023

Lymnaeid snails are vital in transmitting trematode cercariae as an intermediate host that can infect buffalo and other ruminants and humans, causing significant economic losses. The study aimed to conduct morphological and molecular identification of snails and cercariae collected from the selected buffalo farms under palm oil integration in Perak, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 35 water were investigated for the presence or absence of snails. A total of 836 lymnaeid snails were collected from three marshes wetlands. To identify the snail family and species, morphological identification was performed on each snail’s shell, and to identify trematode cercariae types; the crushing method was used to observe the cercarial stage inside each snail’s body. In addition, the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region and Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) was used as the target gene to identify the snail species and cercarial types up to the species level. The result showed that the collected snails belong to the family Lymnaeidae and Radix rubiginosa species. The infection rate by cercarial emergence in snails was 8.73%. Five morphological cercarial types were observed which include: echinostome, xiphidiocercariae, gymnocephalous, brevifurcate-apharyngeate distome, and vivax. Using molecular methods, the identified cercariae belong to the three families, including Echinostomatidae, Plagiorchiidae, and Fasciolidae. This is the first report on R. rubiginosa and different types of trematodes cercariae in buffalo farms under palm oil integration in Perak. Our finding confirmed that R. rubiginosa could serve as an intermediate host for a range of parasitic trematodes in Perak.