bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pénzügyi területen dolgozó értékesítők személyiségjellemzői a jövedelem nagyságának tükrében
Authors: Juhász István
Published: September 2021

A pénzügyi, biztosítási tevékenység nemzetgazdasági ág területén minden a pénzről szól, a szó szoros és annak átvitt értelmében is. Felvetődik a kérdés: léteznek-e, a vizsgálatban használt kérdőívek – az S-CPI kérdőív, a Super-féle munkaérték kérdőív és az Aspirációs kérdőív – által meghatározott 43 személyiségjellemző közül olyan tulajdonságok, melyek a pénzügyi, biztosítási tevékenység nemzetgazdasági ágban dolgozó értékesítők esetében előre jelezhetik az üzletkötők anyagi sikerességét? Az 1000 fős mintán elvégzett kétváltozós logisztikus regresszióelemzés eredményei alapján – ha nem is számottevően, de – javítható az egyes üzletkötők jövedelem szerinti kategorizálása a következő öt személyiségdimenzió figyelembevételével: Dominancia, Státus elérésére való képesség, Önelfogadás, Függetlenség és Egészség. Azaz e személyiségdimenziókban elért magasabb értékek utalhatnak arra, hogy az adott üzletkötő jobban keres, illetve jobban fog keresni a jövőben.
Nők a hazai kis- és közép IT-vállalkozásokban
Authors: Olasz Nikolett
Published: September 2021

A statisztikai adatok alapján hazánkban a diplomások több mint fele nő. Ugyanakkor a matematikai, természettudományos, műszaki vagy informatikai területeken (STEM) továbbra is alul reprezentáltak, sőt a technológiai iparágban alulfizetettek és gyakran találkoznak diszkriminációval. A sokféleség kritikus fontosságú a technológiák piacán, hiszen a piaci szereplők célja, hogy minél szélesebb körhöz eljussanak termékeikkel. Ennek ellenére, amennyiben egy nő úgy dönt, hogy IT-területen kíván karriert építeni, számtalan kihívással kell szembenéznie, melyeket jelen tanulmány részletesen bemutat a szakirodalom és a szerző saját kutatásának eredményeire támaszkodva. A probléma átfogó bemutatásának azonban nehéz eleget tenni, hiszen az irányok nagyon szerteágaznak, ezért az írás az egyéni szintre fókuszál. A kutatás célja annak feltárása volt, hogy mi okozza a kis- és közepes vállalkozások vezetőinek passzívitását a nők informatikai szervezetekben történő bevonása kapcsán. Ennek eléréséhez 12 informatikában dolgozó nővel és 3 informatikai cégvezetővel készített félig strukturált kvalitatív mélyinterjút a szerző.
Comparative Study of AMPL, Pyomo and JuMP Optimization Modeling Languages on a Network Linear Programming Problem Example
Authors: Karbowski Andrzej , Wyskiel Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this work is a comparative study of three languages (environments) of optimization modeling: AMPL, Pyomo and JuMP. The comparison will be based on three implementations of the shortest path problem formulated as a linear programming problem. The codes for individual models and differences between them will be presented and discussed. Various aspects will be taken into account, such as: simplicity and intuitiveness of implementation, availability of specific data structures for a LP network problems, etc.
Increasing of Thermal Images Resolution Using Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Więcek Piotr , Sankowski Dominik
Published: September 2021

The article presents a new algorithm for increasing the resolution of thermal images. For this purpose, the residual network was integrated with the Kernel-Sharing Atrous Convolution (KSAC) image sub-sampling module. A significant reduction in the algorithm’s complexity and shortening the execution time while maintaining high accuracy were achieved. The neural network has been implemented in the PyTorch environment. The results of the proposed new method of increasing the resolution of thermal images with sizes 32 × 24, 160 × 120 and 640 × 480 for scales up to 6 are presented.
Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Abnormal States in a Robotic Production Stand
Authors: Bojarczuk Grzegorz , Mazur Miłosz , Wojciechowski Aleksander , Olszewski Mariusz
Published: September 2021

The aim of the described study is an engineering solution to the problem of the implementation of artificial intelligence methods in predicting abnormal, extremely emergency states in robotic production stands. This task results from the need to improve the operational reliability of automated and robotic production lines, thus rationalizing the utility and cost values of these lines. The available hardware solutions as well as the existing and newly introduced new procedures and IT platforms are described. In the hardware part of the work, electric servo drives and gears of a multi-chain tripod robot were used, configured with the Festo Automation Suite software, programmed with the KEBA controller and the developed KeStudio application program.
Feminicídio à Luz da Teoria Racional-finalista de Roxin
Authors: Cavalcanti Rodrigo , Cortez Bonifácio Artur
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho tem o intuito de analisar de forma objetiva e concisa a introdução do feminicídio no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, passando por uma discussão sobre o papel da criminologia, sua evolução -especialmente no tratamento à mulher -, passando então a verificar a necessidade de incidência do direito penal à luz da teoria racional finalista de Roxin e, por fim, se tal lei de fato traduz a concretização de direitosfundamentais da mulher, ou se seria uma legislação simbólica, vazia e sem eficácia. A pesquisa tem caráter qualitativo, baseando-se as reflexões aqui propostas em levantamento bibliográfico, com consulta a artigos e obras de referência.
Internet das Coisas, Decisões Automatizadas e o Direito à Explicação
Authors: Riemenschneider Patrícia Strauss , Balczarek Mucelin Guilherme
Published: September 2021

Decisões que afetam a vida de todos são tomadas com base em dados coletados a todo momento por dispositivos digitais. Dados localizadores, escolhas de lazer e saúde são captados e tratados, de forma atraçar um “perfil” do usuário. O perfil é então cedido, gratuita ou onerosamente para grandes e pequenas corporações. Tais informações são posteriormente acessadas por empregadores, por exemplo, que podemdescartar o candidato à uma vaga de emprego ou demiti-lo, por não ter alcançado o “score” desejado, ou por fornecedores, negando ao consumidor determinado bem de consumo por conta de tal perfil. As decisõesautomatizadas levam a um descarte do indivíduo, tendo por base números, gráficos e algoritmos. O presente estudo se dividiu em duas partes, sendo que a primeira tratou sobre a cessão de dados pessoais e a segundadiscorreu sobre o direito à explicação. A pesquisa realizada chegou à conclusão de que um dos principais problemas na utilização de tais decisões é a que o indivíduo preterido não recebe explicação pela qual foirejeitado. Assim, o objetivo do presente artigo é verificar a viabilidade do direito à explicação de acordo com a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados e legislações correlatas, a partir de uma metodologia dedutiva, deabordagem bibliográfica e documental.
Justicia del Presente, los Crímenes del Pasado
Authors: Gallo Carlos Artur , Gugliano Alfredo Alejandro
Published: September 2021

Con el final de las dictaduras cívico-militares establecidas en el Cono Sur durante la Guerra Fría, el rastro de la violencia política practicada bajo la aplicación de la Doctrina de Seguridad Nacional (DSN) pasó a ser enfrentado. Así como fueron diferentes los procesos transicionales ocurridos en cada contexto, fueron también diferentes las maneras como se realizaron las demandas por memoria, verdad y justicia en cada país que pasó por una dictadura. Este artículo realiza un análisis de las posibilidades de reconstrucción de la memoria en el caso brasileño y argentino a través del Poder Judicial, identificando los resultados que por él fueron producidos en causas iniciadas por víctimas de la represión, por sus familias o por organizaciones de derechos humanos.
Histopathological effects of the nematode Amidostomum acutum on the small intestines of two aquatic birds: Fulica atra and Gallinula chloropus
Authors: Altaif Khalil I. , Mhaisen Furhan T. , Mizhir Aliaa H.
Published: September 2021

The small intestine of two rallid aquatic birds (Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 and Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Bahr Al-Najaf depression, southwest of Al-Najaf city, mid-Iraq), were infected with the nematode Amidostomum acutum Seurat, 1918 with a prevalence of 25% and 50%, respectively, and a mean intensity of 24.5 and 30, respectively. The infected birds showed several gross pathological and microscopic lesions in their small intestine due to the infection with this nematode. The gross lesions included hypertrophy in the anterior part of the duodenum and small rough nodules on the small intestine wall. Microscopic lesions included necrosis and shortening of villi with their fullness with inflammatory cells, degeneration of villi, and an increased number of acini at the base of the intestinal villi.
A study on the improvement of the score system in the hazard analysis and critical control points prerequisite program for meat shops in Korea
Authors: Baek Seung-Hee , Nam Insik
Published: September 2021

This study is to develop a new scoring system for rating Hazard analysis and critical control points prerequisite evaluation items for meat shops to provide a more objective and accurate evaluation of food safety compliance. The importance of each item was measured by looking at the hazard severity level and the rate of non-compliance associated with it. It was found that the new scoring system is more stringent and gives a clearer picture of compliance with the most critical safety standards, and therefore is expected to have a positive effect on the hygiene and safety of livestock products.
Transformar la educación inclusiva: Elementos clave para la movilización del conocimiento desde la investigación educativa
Authors: Sales Auxiliadora , Lozano Estivalis María , Escobedo-Peiro Paula
Published: September 2021

El estudio se centra en conocer qué elementos de la movilización del conocimiento condicionan la relación entre teoría y práctica en investigación y docencia sobre educación inclusiva. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo en el que participan 27 investigadores de 10 universidades españolas, a través de cuatro grupos focales. Los resultados se centran en tres componentes de la movilización del conocimiento: orientación al cambio; co-construcción del conocimiento y comunicación horizontal efectiva. Las conclusiones apuntan a la necesidad de generar espacios híbridos de investigación y práctica, recuperando la misión emancipadora de la universidad, desde enfoques críticos y participativos de investigación y docencia, con claras implicaciones para las políticas educativas.
lncRNA NEAT1 regulates CYP1A2 and influences steroid-induced necrosis
Authors: Zhou Yongfang , Zhang Fei , Xu Fengyang , Wang Qiang , Wu Jianhua , Peng Wuxun , Dong Wentao
Published: September 2021

The main cause of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head (SNFH) is excessive glucocorticoid (GC) intake. The aim of this article was to investigate the role of lncRNA NEAT1 as a molecular sponge to adsorb miR-23b-3p and regulate CYP1A2 in SNFH. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to localize lncRNA NEAT1. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were collected from patients with SNFH. The expression of lncRNA NEAT1, miR-23b-3p and CYP1A2 in hBMSCs were intervened. Compared to the control group, the lncRNA NEAT1 and CYP1A2 expression in the SNFH group was increased, while miR-23b-3p expression was decreased. GCs could inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and upregulate the expression of lncRNA NEAT1. Knockdown of lncRNA NEAT1 could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in the SNFH group. Overexpression of miR-23b-3p could partially counteract the effect of lncRNA NEAT1 on hBMSCs. CYP1A2 was confirmed to be a target of miR-23b-3p. Overexpression of CYP1A2 could partially rescue the effect of miR-23b-3p overexpression on hBMSCs. In conclusion, lncRNA NEAT1 as a ceRNA can adsorb miR-23b-3p and promote the expression of CYP1A2, which then inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and promotes the progress of SNFH.
Individual tree detection using UAV-lidar and UAV-SfM data: A tutorial for beginners
Authors: Mohan Midhun , Leite Rodrigo Vieira , Broadbent Eben North , Wan Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina , Srinivasan Shruthi , Bajaj Shaurya , Dalla Corte Ana Paula , do Amaral Cibele Hummel , Gopan Gopika , Saad Siti Nor Maizah , Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza , Prata Gabriel Atticciati , Llewelyn Emma , Johnson Daniel J. , Doaemo Willie , Bohlman Stephanie , Almeyda Zambrano Angelica Maria , Cardil Adrián
Published: September 2021

Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have proliferated in the last decade due to the technological advancements on various fronts such as structure-from-motion (SfM), machine learning, and robotics. An important preliminary step with regard to forest inventory and management is individual tree detection (ITD), which is required to calculate forest attributes such as stem volume, forest uniformity, and biomass estimation. However, users may find adopting the UAVs and algorithms for their specific projects challenging due to the plethora of information available. Herein, we provide a step-by-step tutorial for performing ITD using (i) low-cost UAV-derived imagery and (ii) UAV-based high-density lidar (light detection and ranging). Functions from open-source R packages were implemented to develop a canopy height model (CHM) and perform ITD utilizing the local maxima (LM) algorithm. ITD accuracy assessment statistics and validation were derived through manual visual interpretation from high-resolution imagery and field-data-based accuracy assessment. As the intended audience are beginners in remote sensing, we have adopted a very simple methodology and chosen study plots that have relatively open canopies to demonstrate our proposed approach; the respective R codes and sample plot data are available as supplementary materials.
Characteristics and management of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections
Authors: Tanriover Mine Durusu , Fathi Anahita , Raspe Matthias , Novais António Grilo , Uyaroğlu Oğuz Abdullah
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused and is still causing tremendous morbidity, mortality, and damage to our societies. The disease course of COVID-19 can be unpredictable ranging from asymptomatic infections to multi-organ failure and death. Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) from an asymptomatic infected individual to others has been observed early in the pandemic. Asymptomatic individuals have been shown to have quantitative SARS-CoV-2 viral loads, there may or may not be radiological and/or laboratory abnormalities. No antiviral therapy has been approved for the treatment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV2- infection. The management of asymptomatic individuals at home requires that the person can be monitored for any signs and symptoms of deterioration and that the requirements for infection prevention and control measures can be fulfilled. It is crucial to properly diagnose and manage asymptomatic COVID-19 cases with effective testing, contact tracing, quarantine, and isolation strategies. Preventing asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections that have a major role in the unhindered transmission of the virus is a milestone to take control of the pandemic. Vaccination has been proven to be the crucial pillar for preventing asymptomatic infections and real-life data will continue to exhibit the effects of community vaccination in breaking the transmission chain of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Properties of wood-based composites manufactured from densified beech wood in viscoelastic and plastic region of the force-deflection diagram (FDD)
Authors: Sikora Adam , Gaff Milan , Németh Róbert
Published: September 2021

It is still little or no knowledge about the properties of layered wood-based composites and nonwood components in the viscoelastic and plastic region of the force-deflection diagram (FDD). The properties of composites in this area are influenced by several factors such as the composition of the layered composite, the method of modification of the individual layers, the type of adhesive used, etc. This paper focuses on the analysis of the effect of the thickness of individual layers (5 and 9 mm) of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.), modification of these layers with different degrees of densification (10, 20, 30, and 40%) and the type of the nonwood component (carbon and high-strength glass fibers) used to reinforce the layered composite on the properties of materials in the plastic region of the FDD. The paper describes the impact of selected factors and those interactions behavior of the tangent modulus in the whole FDD. This is the first study that describes the development of layered wood-based composites and nonwood components in the viscoelastic and plastic region and analyzes the impact of most imported types of modifications on the characteristics in the viscoelastic and plastic regions.
Two-phase verbs: a crosslinguistic look at an actional class
Authors: Polančec Jurica
Published: September 2021

This paper documents the properties and realizations of the actional (aspectual,Aktionsart) class of two-phase verbs, with a particular focus on languages with inflectional (obligatory) grammatical aspect. The paper adopts a descriptive (non-formal) and typological perspective. Two-phase verbs are defined, for the purposes of the paper, as verbs whose inflectional (obligatory) aspect grams (e.g., imperfective, progressive, etc.) can express both the durative phase of the situation leading up to the culmination, as well as the durative phase resulting from that culmination. The realizations of the class in perfective-imperfective languages are compared to realizations in two languages with idiosyncratic aspect systems, Belhare and Nyakyusa.
The robustness of Botne and Kershner aspectual classes in Nyamwezi
Authors: Kanijo Ponsiano Sawaka
Published: September 2021

The framework proposed in the works of Robert Botne and Tiffany Kershner has been widely used to classify verbs in Bantu languages. In this framework, verbs encode events which consist of maximally three phases: onset (represents the coming-to-be phase), nucleus (represents the state change itself; can also be represented as a coming-to-be phase if the verb lacks an onset) and coda (represents the result-state phase). Hence, verbs are defined depending on which phases they encode and whether particular phases are punctual or durative. The phasal structures of verbs can be diagnosed using various tests. The application of these diagnostics to Nyamwezi (a Tanzanian Bantu language, [nym]) produces three significant variations. First, Botne and Kershner’s conception of statives as events with no phasal structure is not tenable in Nyamwezi. The tests show that in Nyamwezi, statives have structure. Second, some classes described in Botne and Kershner do not occur in Nyamwezi. Third, in Botne and Kershner’s works, classes are described depending on whether particular phases are punctual or durative. In addition to this characteristic, the classes in Nyamwezi can also be described depending on whether particular phases are dynamic or static, and whether the result state is permanent or reversible.
Actionality across (sub)paradigms
Authors: Tatevosov Sergei
Published: September 2021

This paper explores the verbal system of Tundra Nenets and offers a partition of the entire set of derivationally minimal verbs into actional classes, which include stative, process, inceptive-stative, ingressive-atelic, durative and punctual telic, durative and punctual ingressive, and bi-telic verbs. This classification is established in a bottom-up manner, starting from the lowest level of actional interpretations of individual subparadigms of a verb. As a result, 18 subparadigmatic classes are established. At the next stage, an actional characteristic is assigned to the entire paradigm and the 18 subparadigmatic classes are reduced to seven actional macroclasses. However, at the paradigmatic level, one discovers that for certain types of verbs actional information available paradigm-internally does not suffice. To recover the missing information, one needs to examine derivationally related lexical items that realize semantic configurations unavailable paradigm-internally. This paradigm-external perspective leads to the recognition of cross-paradigmatic actional characteristics assigned to groups of derivationally related verbs.
STK25 and MST3 Have Overlapping Roles to Regulate Rho GTPases during Cortical Development
Authors: Matsuki Tohru , Iio Akio , Ueda Masashi , Tsuneura Yumi , Howell Brian W. , Nakayama Atsuo
Published: September 2021

Precise control of neuronal migration is required for the laminar organization of the neocortex and critical for brain function. We previously reported that the acute disruption of theStk25gene (Stk25conditional knock-out; cKO) during mouse embryogenesis causes anomalous neuronal migration in the neocortex, but paradoxically theStk25cKO did not have a cortical phenotype, suggesting some forms of compensation exist. In this study, we report that MST3, another member of the GCKIII subgroup of the Ste20-like kinase family, compensates for loss ofStk25and vice versa with sex independent manner. MST3 overexpression rescued neuronal migration deficit and abnormal axonogenesis inStk25cKO brains. Mechanistically, STK25 leads to Rac1 activation and reduced RhoA levels in the developing brain, both of which are required to fully restore neuronal migration in theStk25cKO brain. Abnormal migration phenotypes are also rescued by overexpression of Bacurd1and Cul3, which target RhoA for degradation, and activate Rac1. This study reveals that MST3 upregulation is capable of rescuing acuteStk25deficiency and resolves details of signaling downstream STK25 required for corticogenesis both common to and distinct from MST3 signaling.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTProper neuronal migration during cortical development is required for normal neuronal function. Here, we show that STK25 and MST3 kinases regulate neuronal migration and polarization in a mutually compensatory manner. Furthermore, STK25 balances Rac1 activity and RhoA level through forming complexes with α-PIX and β-PIX, GTPase regulatory enzymes, and Cullin3-Bacurd1/Kctd13, a pair of RhoA ubiquitination molecules in a kinase activity-independent manner. Our findings demonstrate the importance of overlapping and unique roles of STK25 and MST3 to regulate Rho GTPase activities in cortical development.
Hippocampal Inputs in the Prelimbic Cortex Curb Fear after Extinction
Authors: Szadzinska Weronika , Danielewski Konrad , Kondrakiewicz Kacper , Andraka Karolina , Nikolaev Evgeni , Mikosz Marta , Knapska Ewelina
Published: September 2021

In contrast to easily formed fear memories, fear extinction requires prolonged training. The prelimbic cortex (PL), which integrates signals from brain structures involved in fear conditioning and extinction such as the ventral hippocampus (vHIP) and the basolateral amygdala (BL), is necessary for fear memory retrieval. Little is known, however, about how the vHIP and BL inputs to the PL regulate the display of fear after fear extinction. Using functional anatomy tracing in male rats, we found two distinct subpopulations of neurons in the PL activated by either the successful extinction or the relapse of fear. During the retrieval of fear extinction memory, the dominant input to active neurons in the PL was from the vHIP, whereas the retrieval of fear memory, regardless of the age of a memory and testing context, was associated with greater BL input. Optogenetic stimulation of the vHIP–PL pathway after one session of fear extinction increased conditioned fear, whereas stimulation of the vHIP inputs after several sessions of extinction decreased the conditioned fear response. This latter effect was, however, transient, as stimulation of this pathway 28 d after extinction increased conditioned fear response again. The results show that repeated fear extinction training gradually changes vHIP–PL connectivity, making fear suppression possible, whereas in the absence of fear suppression from the vHIP, signals from the BL can play a dominant role, resulting in high levels of fear.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBehavioral therapies of fear are based on extinction learning. As extinction memories fade over time, such therapies produce only a temporary suppression of fear, which constitutes a clinical and societal challenge. In our study, we provide a framework for understating the underlying mechanism by which extinction of fear memories fade by demonstrating the existence of two subpopulations of neurons in the prelimbic cortex associated with low and high levels of fear. Insufficient extinction and exposure to the context in which fear memory was formed promoted high fear neuronal activity in the prelimbic cortex, leading to fear retrieval. Extensive extinction training, on the other hand, boosted low fear neuronal activity and, as a result, extinction memory retrieval. This effect was, however, transient and disappeared with time.
Ant Species Diversity, Distribution, and Community Composition in Different Forest Types in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Yombai Jacob , Klimes Petr , Dargusch Paul , Posman Aloysius , Mottl Ondrej , Mani Alfred , Novotny Vojtech
Published: September 2021

Previous studies have provided important scientific information on ant species richness and composition relating to the effects of elevation, sampling approaches, stratification, and forest succession. Yet, they have primarily focused on single sites or regions. Knowledge of ant ecology should also include the impact of disturbance in various forest types. Tuna baiting and hand collection methods were used to investigate diversity and community composition of ants in 16 sites sampled across Papua New Guinea, in both disturbed and pristine forest, at heights ranging from 28 to 2,728 m above sea level. We found 176 species as a result of exposing 320 tuna baits and traversing 72 hand-searched plots. Baiting samples were strongly dominated by a few common species, while the hand-collecting captured more species per plot. The Chao 2 richness estimator for both methods predicted undersampling of the local community. As expected, ant species diversity and richness significantly decrease with increasing elevation. We observed, on average, greater species diversity of ground-dwelling ant communities in disturbed compared to undisturbed forests. The effect was not significant using multivariate randomisations, since the same species dominated both forest classes. The unexpected pattern of ant species richness being locally higher in the disturbed sites is driven by our sampling of undisturbed communities at all elevations, but sampling of the disturbed communities only up to 1,600 m above sea level. Hence, future studies should consider more locations, aiming ideally for an equal sampling effort to capture disturbance stage and elevation.
Funkcjonowanie społeczne dziecka z mutyzmem wybiórczym jako obszar specjalnych potrzeb rozwojowych i edukacyjnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Kos Ewa Arleta
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to focus on the special educational and developmental needs of a child with selective mutism. Selective mutism is important for human social functioning and is a serious threat to the mental health and well-being of students. Unfortunately, not many teachers are aware of this fact.The first part of the study discusses the diagnostic specifiers of selective mutism in the context of ICD-10 and DSM-5. The next section discusses the special educational and development needs of children/ students who experience symptoms of selective mutism. Then the author presents a description of the social functioning of children with selective mutism in the context of ICF-CY (The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth). In the last paragraph of this study, the author discusses selected techniques that enable the effective inclusion of a child into a peer group and create an environment that favors the learning of a child with selective mutism. Next the author describes the range of psychological and pedagogical assistance for students with selective mutism in the kindergarten / school.
Thyroid sarcoidosis: a rare entity in the differential diagnosis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Katsamakas Michail , Tzitzili Eleni , Boudina Maria , Kiziridou Anastasia , Valeri Rosalia , Zafeiriou Georgios , Chrisoulidou Alexandra
Published: September 2021

We present two cases of thyroid sarcoidosis that were misdiagnosed as thyroid cancer. In the first patient, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAc) of a suspicious thyroid nodule indicated the presence of papillary thyroid cancer, and the patient underwent thyroid surgery. However, histopathology identified a sarcoid granuloma, without any sign of malignancy. The second patient had a history of papillary microcarcinoma with suspicious lymph nodes diagnosed years after the initial diagnosis and was referred for assessment of cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAc) of the suspicious lymph nodes erroneously indicated metastasis from thyroid cancer, and lateral modified lymph node dissection was performed, based on FNAc and ultrasonographic features. Histopathology excluded malignancy and identified non-caseating granulomas. Sarcoidosis of the thyroid may have a clinical presentation similar to well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma and, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially when other signs of the disease are already present. In these cases, FNAc provided a false diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and lymph node metastases that led to unnecessary surgery.

Learning points

Sarcoidosis may share clinical and ultrasonographic features with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Fine needle aspiration cytology is helpful in the diagnosis of both conditions; however, the overlapping cytological characteristics may lead to erroneous diagnosis.

The present cases illustrate the importance of cytological identification of these difficult cases. Every piece of information provided by the clinician is essential to the cytologist.
A novel liquid biopsy (NETest) identifies paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas with high accuracy
Authors: Pacak Karel , Kidd Mark , Meuter Leah , Modlin Irvin M
Published: September 2021

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PHEOs/PGLs) represent diagnostically challenging and complex neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Current biomarker tests for PHEOs/PGLs are technically complex or limited. We assessed the diagnostic utility of a NET-specific 51-marker gene blood assay (NETest) in patients with PHEOs/PGLs (n = 81), including ten pediatric patients, and age-/gender-matched controls (n = 142) using a prospective case:control (1:2) analysis. mRNA was measured (qPCR), and results were scaled from 0 to 100 (upper limit of normal < 20). Receiver operating curve (ROC) and non-parametric (Mann–Whitney) tests were used for analyses (two-tailed). All data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. NETest accuracy for PHEO/PGL diagnosis was 100%. PHEO/PGL scores were 70 ± 3 vs 8.5 ± 1 in controls (P < 0.0001), and ROC analysis was 0.99 ± 0.004 (P < 0.0001). Diagnostic metrics were 94% accurate, 100% sensitive, and 92% specific. Imaging correlation with 68Ga-PET-SSA was 100%. NETest levels in PHEOs (n = 26) were significantly (P < 0.0001) elevated (83 ± 4) vs 66 ± 4 in PGLs (n = 40) and mixed PHEOs/PGLs (n = 5: 37 ± 3). Adrenal-derived tumors (n = 30) exhibited higher scores (76 ± 5) than extra-adrenal-derived tumors (66 ± 4, P < 0.05). Cluster 2 tumors exhibited significantly (P = 0.034) elevated NETest levels (n = 4: 92 ± 2) vs cluster 1 tumors (n = 35: 69 ± 4). Regulatory pathway analysis identified elevated RAS-RAF, metastatic, pluripotential, neural and secretory gene cluster levels (P < 0.05) in PHEOs compared to PGLs. Cluster 2 PPGLs exhibited elevated (P = 0.046) levels of growth factor signaling genes compared to cluster 1. The PHEOs/PGLs in the pediatric cohort (n = 10) were all NETest-positive (81 ± 8) and exhibited a gene expression profile spectrum analogous to adults. Circulating NET transcript analysis identifies PHEOs/PGLs with 100% efficacy and is likely to have clinical utility in the diagnosis and management of PHEO/PGL patients.
Estructura de tallas, condición reproductiva, relación longitud-peso y biomasa de Cryphiops caementarius (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) en los ríos de la costa del Perú
Authors: Flores-Gómez Stive
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la estructura poblacional, proporción de sexos, condición reproductiva, índice poblacional y biomasa de Cryphiops caementarius en los ríos Cañete (Lima), Tambo, Ocoña y Majes (Arequipa), Perú. La investigación se efectuó en base a información obtenida por el Instituto del Mar del Perú. El análisis biológico-poblacional se efectuó a partir de muestras de camarón obtenidas por capturas sistemáticas en diferentes estratos altitudinales. Los parámetros de calidad del agua presentaron valores que estuvieron dentro de los rangos aceptables para el normal desarrollo del recurso. Las tallas modales del recurso fueron inferiores a 70 mm (talla mínima de captura) en los ríos Cañete, Tambo y Majes. Se determinó mayor proporción de machos en los ríos Cañete, Tambo y Ocoña, y menor en el río Majes. La proporción de hembras en desove fue inferior al 10% en los meses evaluados (julio-diciembre de 2019). El coeficiente de crecimiento relativo del camarón fue superior en los machos respecto a las hembras en los ríos Tambo, Ocoña y Majes, y similar en machos y hembras en el río Cañete. Majes fue el río con mayor biomasa con relación a los otros ríos y, por lo tanto, el más productivo. La alta biomasa en los diferentes estratos altitudinales de los ríos estuvo asociada a las altas concentraciones de oxígeno y dureza total del agua. La información de esta investigación es de valor para direccionar las estrategias de ordenación pesquera sostenible.
Asociación entre altitud geográfica e incidencia de rabia silvestre en ganado bovino en la región de Apurímac (2004-2015)
Authors: Pineda Serruto Martín Equicio , Vidal Cárdenas Elisa María , Callapiña Enríquez Eric Humberto , Valderrama Pomé Aldo Alim
Published: September 2021

La ganadería bovina latinoamericana se encuentra afectada por el virus de la rabia silvestre cuyo vector es el Desmodus rotundus. En 2014, Apurímac, Perú, registró el mayor número de casos (n=75). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el tiempo calendario y los brotes de rabia silvestre bovina a distintas altitudes geográficas del valle de Apurímac, entre los años 2004 y 2015. Se analizaron datos del SIGSA-SENASA (Sistema Integrado de Gestión en Salud Animal del Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria) sobre altitud geográfica (m) y fecha de brotes sospechosos de rabia silvestre confirmada por inmunofluorescencia directa. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado, t-Student, correlación rho de Spearman y modelos lineales generalizados (GLM) de Poisson. Se analizaron 525 brotes sospechosos (rango de altitud: 999-4586 m), hallando diferencias para el número de brotes según altitudes: alta, media y baja (p<0.05). No se halló correlación entre altitud de brote y tiempo calendario ni asociación entre altitud geográfica del brote de rabia silvestre con tiempo calendario ajustado por estacionalidad y tipo de crianza. Se concluye que hubo asociación entre el número de casos de rabia silvestre y la altitud geográfica (p<0.05), sin asociación al tiempo calendario; asimismo, se observó una asociación negativa con la temperatura mínima promedio (p<0.01).
Software de gestión para pedigrí y producción de camélidos del Nuevo Mundo: Pacokipu y Llamakipu
Authors: Cruz Alan , Gutiérrez Gustavo , Burgos Alonso , Morante Renzo , Wurzinger María , Gutiérrez Juan Pablo
Published: September 2021

Los registros genealógicos y productivos son el pilar importante dentro de los programas de mejora genética y genómica, donde la diversidad de datos que pueden colectarse debe ser sistematizada y relacionada, para llevar un análisis estadístico adecuado considerando todos los factores que influencian a las variables. Por otro lado, las propuestas actuales no contemplan el registro total de la población, tanto de registros genealógicos como productivos, además que no existe un software que permita sistematizar, ordenar y proveer información objetiva y medible en forma ordenada dentro del manejo de los camélidos domésticos. Por ello se planteó la construcción de un aplicativo informático que permita el recojo de los registros genealógicos y productivos de toda la población tanto de alpacas como de llamas dentro de los rebaños. Como resultado se construyó el aplicativo informático denominado “Pacokipu” y “Llamakipu” para alpacas y llamas, respectivamente, los cuales fueron construidos sobre la base de Microsoft Access, con dos lenguajes de programación, el primero con Macros de Microsoft Access y Visual Basic para Aplicativos (VBA) y el segundo con lenguaje Structured Query Language (SQL). El aplicativo utiliza tres elementos donde almacena y ordena la información de los registros en 23 tablas, 29 consultas y 93 formularios. El diseño del aplicativo informático permite un manejo amigable a cualquier centro de producción de camélidos domésticos, convirtiéndose en una herramienta para la gestión y administración de los animales dentro del rebaño y a la vez como un software para sistematizar la información colectada tanto de registros genealógicos como productivos, para ser usados dentro de los programas de mejora genética y genómica en alpacas y llamas.
Propiedades tecnológicas de la fibra de Alpacas Huacaya blanca (Vicugna pacos) en la Comunidad de Chapimarca, Apurímac - Perú
Authors: Machaca Machaca Virgilio , Callonza Pizarro Fany , Paucara Ocsa Valeriano , Bustinza Choque Víctor A. , Quispe Coaquira Jesús E. , Machaca Machaca Roger , Cano Fuentes Víctor R. , Arias Huamani Katherine D.
Published: September 2021

En el sector de Queulla, comunidad de Chapimarca, provincia de Grau, Región Apurímac, se determinaron las propiedades textiles de la fibra de alpacas Huacaya blancas, en función a factores sexo, región corporal y grupo etario. Los análisis de la fibra se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Fibras y Lanas de la Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica. Las alpacas juveniles presentaron un menor diámetro de fibra (MDF), mayor factor de confort (FC), mayor finura al hilado (SF) y mejor índice de curvatura (IC) que las adultas (p<0.05). Los machos presentaron un mejor FC y finura al filado (SF) que las hembras (p<0.05). En general la fibra de la zona del costillar y de la grupa fueron de similar calidad, pero superior a la fibra de la paleta (p<0.05), Se concluye que la fibra producida en la zona del estudio se ubica dentro de las fibras de buena calidad.
Extracción incidental y reimplantación de vejiga urinaria en un canino con piometra en el hospital médico veterinario ASMEVET. Reporte de caso
Authors: Chávez Luis E. , Pérez César A. , Karol Rincón , Santamaría María , Laverde Néstor
Published: September 2021

El propósito de este reporte de caso es presentar y documentar una complicación quirúrgica en una perra de raza Beagle de 4 años, a la cual se le seccionó la vejiga a la altura del cuello durante una celiotomía exploratoria, realizada para corregir un piometra de muñón originada en el momento de una ovariohisterectomía selectiva. La paciente fue remitida al Hospital Médico Veterinario ASMEVET de la ciudad de Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia, con historia de vómito, depresión y disuria días después del procedimiento quirúrgico. En el examen físico se evidenció aumento de la temperatura rectal, postración y dolor a la palpación del abdomen. Se tomaron muestras para cuadro hemático y química sanguínea para evaluar función renal y hepática. Además, se practicó una ecografía abdominal. Los diagnósticos diferenciales fueron obstrucción iatrogénica de uréteres, piometra cervical, peritonitis por cuerpo extraño e íleo paralitico. Se hizo una celiotomía donde se evidenció un absceso y secuestro de vísceras circundantes. En el intento de separarlas se seccionó la vejiga a nivel del cuello. Esta fue reimplantada con un patrón de sutura Gambee y complementada con omentalización. La paciente recuperó el control de micción.
Valores económicos relativos para caracteres de finura en fibra de alpacas de la Región Puno
Authors: Apaza Zuñiga Edgar , Cazorla Chambi Samuel , Condori Carbajal Cesar , Arpasi Meléndez Fredy Ricardo , Tumi Figueroa Isabel , Yana Viveros William , Quispe Coaquira Jesús Esteban
Published: September 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar pesos económicos relativos para 10 caracteres relacionados a la calidad de la fibra en alpacas Huacaya, a través del Recíproco de la desviación estándar fenotípica del carácter y la Regresión de los caracteres sobre el benéfico económico. Se utilizaron 22 543 datos por carácter, determinados en muestras de vellón de alpacas de la Región Puno. Los pesos económicos obtenidos por el primer procedimiento asumen diferentes valores, los que son inversamente proporcionales al valor de la desviación estándar fenotípica del carácter, y cuantifican el número de veces que la variancia contiene a la desviación estándar fenotípica pertinente. Los obtenidos por el método de regresión asumen también valores diferentes (positivos y negativos), que no necesariamente orientan la tendencia, pero cuantifican el cambio en la pendiente a un cambio en una unidad promedio del fenotipo. Los valores de pesos económicos no son similarmente proporcionales por ambos métodos. Los pesos económicos obtenidos son los más apropiados para las características relacionadas con la finura de la fibra en alpacas, pero no necesariamente considerados como criterio de selección.
Análisis de 24 casos de Tumor Venéreo Transmisible (TVT) en dos clínicas veterinarias de Florencia, Colombia
Authors: Baldrich-Romero Nicolás , Velandia Mazabel Alvaro , Patiño-Quiroz Beatriz , Velásquez Restrepo Jaime E.
Published: September 2021

El presente estudio analiza los resultados de 24 historias clínicas completas de tumor venéreo transmisible canino (TVT) obtenidas en dos clínicas veterinarias de Florencia, Caquetá entre 2014 y 2018. La efectividad de los tratamientos con sulfato de vincristina en forma semanal fue superior al 65% después de cuatro sesiones. Los que utilizaron solo el sulfato de vincristina tuvieron 50% de efectividad, mientras que quienes implementaron algún tipo de adyuvante lograron el 70% de efectividad. Sin embargo, el uso de Yatrén (Chiniofon) como inmunoestimulante no fue efectivo en 3/5 casos. Los resultados mostraron que las sesiones de tratamiento deben continuar hasta que no haya evidencia visual de las lesiones a fin de eliminar todas las células tumorales.
Teaching Basic Life Support to 5- to 8-Year-Old Children: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Varela-Casal Cristina , Abelairas-Gómez Cristian , Otero-Agra Martín , Barcala-Furelos Roberto , Rodríguez-Núñez Antonio , Greif Robert
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to compare traditional basic life support (BLS) education with specific and innovative educative didactic material that has been previously designed and validated.

METHODS

Fifteen classes of schoolchildren aged 5 to 8 years (n = 237) were randomly assigned to 4 groups in which different didactic and complementary materials were used: (1) the Rescube tool with a cuddly toy (n = 61), (2) the Endless Book tool with a cuddly toy (n = 74), (3) traditional teaching with a cuddly toy (n = 46), and (4) traditional teaching with a manikin (n = 55). The BLS sequence was assessed at baseline (T0). After that, children took part in a one-hour theory and practice session in their assigned training modality. BLS sequence was assessed again within one week (T1) and after one month (T2).

RESULTS

The 4 modalities were successful in improving children’s skills when comparing T0 with both T1 and T2 (P < .05). At T2, more schoolchildren remembered the complete BLS sequence after using the Rescube (75%) compared with the number of schoolchildren who remember the complete BLS sequence after using the Endless Book (53%), a manikin (42%), or a cuddly toy (13%) (P < .05). A higher proportion of participants who used the Rescube correctly performed all the BLS steps analyzed compared with those who used only the manikin or a cuddly toy during the learning phase. The Endless Book was also more effective except for learning to check consciousness and breathing.

CONCLUSION

Better BLS learning and knowledge retention outcomes were achieved by using our specific and adapted didactic materials (Rescube and Endless Book). These new educational tools have the potential to substantially support BLS school education programs.
Calidad composicional y sensorial de la carne bovina y su determinación mediante infrarrojo cercano
Authors: Barragán-Hernández Wilson Andrés , Mahecha-Ledesma Liliana , Olivera-Angel Martha , Angulo-Arizala Joaquín
Published: September 2021

Introducción. La carne bovina es un alimento de alto valor biológico para la nutrición humana, es fuente de grasa, proteína, vitaminas y minerales. Sin embargo, aspectos asociados al impacto ambiental del sistema productivo y asociación con enfermedades no trasmisibles, han promovido nuevas tendencias en el consumo de proteína (vegetal, insectos, laboratorio), por lo que se hace necesario identificar y ofrecer información sobre los atributos de la carne que favorecen la aceptación de los consumidores, de forma rápida y confiable a través de técnicas no destructivas y amigables al ambiente como el infrarrojo cercano. Objetivo. Revisar las experiencias asociadas a la implementación de la Espectroscopia de Infrarrojo Cercano (NIRS) como alternativa en la determinación de la calidad de la carne bovina. Desarrollo. Los atributos de la carne con mayor relación con los consumidores pueden ser segmentados en apariencia, consumo y confianza. Estas características involucran elementos intrínsecos de la carne como color, grasa y terneza. Dada las limitantes en la aplicación de técnicas de laboratorio para la determinación de atributos cárnicos, se revisa la aplicación del NIRS con experiencias exitosas en características de interés para el consumidor. Además, se estudia la aplicación del NIRS en líneas de producción y otros usuarios de interés en la industria como detección de anomalías en la carne y autenticación de producto. Conclusión. La aplicación del NIRS, permite determinar de forma rápida y confiable atributos de la calidad de la carne que tienen una estrecha relación con el consumidor. Esta herramienta permite obtener resultados que respondan a la velocidad de producción de la industria y discriminar y autenticar aspectos relacionados con la carne y el sistema de producción.