bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A massive pulmonary arteriovenous fistula complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease treated by interventional therapy: a case report
Authors: Guo Jingwen , Wang Hongyong , Zhang Mingming
Published: June 2024

Background

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare disease, and its symptoms lack specificity. For patients with coronary heart disease(CHD), hypertension and other common cardiovascular diseases, PAVF is easy to be ignored. We presented a case of massive PAVF complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease by interventional treatment to improve the understanding of this complex disease.

Case presentation

A 77-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to chest tightness and shortness of breath following activities, which was diagnosed with CHD and hypoxemia in other hospitals. Coronary angiography showed that the patient had severe stenosis of coronary artery while pulmonary vascular DSA showing the patient had PAVF. After interventional therapy of both coronary artery and PAVF, the patient's symptoms were significantly improved.

Conclusion

We presented a case of massive PAVF complicated with CHD by interventional treatment. For patients with unexplained hypoxemia and symptoms similar with CHD, the possibility of PAVF often leads to oversight, and various auxiliary examinations should be improved to avoid missed diagnosis. And intervention treatment should be carried out to improve the prognosis of patients as much as possible.
A comparative analysis of open heart surgery and minimally invasive cardiac surgery in exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Hubisz Maciej Marek , van der Stouwe Jan Gerrit , Ziob Mira , Steiner Sonja , Uzun Neslihan , Weibel Sandra , Lesan Vlada , Erni Dominic , Meier-Ruge Ladina , Rodriguez Cetina Biefer Hector , Dzemali Omer , Vontobel Jan , Niederseer David
Published: June 2024

Background

Historically, the majority of patients admitted to inpatient exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR) have undergone open heart surgery (OHS). However, with advances in minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS), these patient groups are also increasingly referred for inpatient EBCR. Herein, we aimed to compare the progress of these groups during rehabilitation.

Methods

In this prospective, nonrandomized study, 403 inpatient EBCR patients were recruited from December 2022 until September 2023 and stratified into two groups: OHS, and MICS. Participants completed a 3-4-week certified EBCR program. The primary endpoint was defined as a change in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Moreover, a comprehensive panel of quality-of-life (QoL) assessments were performed at admission and discharge.

Results

At baseline, patients with OHS were older (66 years [IQR 59 – 72]), more often male (83%), and underwent emergency/urgent procedures more often (20%) than patients with MICS. Furthermore, patients with MICS showed a better 6MWT at admission (426 meters [IQR 336 – 483]) compared to patients with OHS (381 meters [IQR 299 – 453]). While all patients were able to increase the distance in the 6MWT, regression analyses in fully adjusted models showed no difference in improvements between the two groups (β -5, 95% CI, -26 – 14, p = 0.58). Moreover, during EBCR, we observed significant improvements in all QoL measures in all groups.

Conclusions

In this study, improvements in fitness, as assessed by the 6WMT were observed in all groups. Furthermore, multiple QoL measures improved equally across all groups. These encouraging results emphasize the importance of EBCR.
Mid-term outcomes of endoscopic vein harvesting in coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Wuwei , Liu Yiming , Qi Haoyu , Liu Yafeng , Jiang Yunfei , Fan Rui , Shao Junjie , Chen Wen , Su Cunhua , Chen Xin
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) is an alternative technique to obtain the saphenous vein for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. We aimed to evaluate the early and mid-term outcomes of patients with EVH in CABG.

Methods

This cohort study included consecutive isolated CABG patients in Nanjing First Hospital from July 2020 to December 2022 using propensity score matching methods. Patients were classified to EVH group and open vein harvesting (OVH) group according to the vein harvesting methods. The primary outcome was the all-cause death, and the secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including cardiovascular death, heart failure, myocardial infarction and revascularization and asymptomatic survival in the follow-up.

Results

Totally 1247 patients were included in the study with 849 in OVH group and 398 in EVH group. Patients with EVH were more female, diabetes, higher body mass index, more multi-vessel and left main diseases. 308 pairs were formed after the matching. There was no significant difference in the rates of in-hospital death (EVH vs. OVH, 2.3% vs. 1.3%, P = 0.543). During the 3 years follow-up, EVH grafts were considered not inferior to OVH grafts, no differences were found in all-cause death [8.5% vs. 5.0%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.565, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77–3.17, P = 0.21], MACEs (8.1% vs. 7.1%, HR 1.165, 95CI: 0.51–2.69, P = 0.71) and asymptomatic survival (66.7% vs. 72.5%, HR 1.117, 95%CI: 0.65–1.92, P = 0.68).

Conclusions

EVH grafts were considered comparable to OVH grafts in patients following CABG in the 3 years follow-up.
Genomic alteration discordance in the paired primary-recurrent ovarian cancers: based on the comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) analysis
Authors: Dong Jiayin , Ni Jing , Chen Jiahui , Wang Xuening , Ye Luxin , Xu Xia , Guo Wenwen , Chen Xiaoxiang
Published: June 2024

Purpose

Ovarian cancer (OC) is characterized by a high recurrence rate, and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is an important biomarker in the clinical management of OC. We investigated the differences in clinical genomic profiles between the primary and platinum-sensitive recurrent OC (PSROC), focusing on HRD status.

Materials and methods

A total of 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of primary tumors and their first platinum-sensitive recurrence from 20 OC patients were collected, and comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) analysis of FoundationOne®CDx (F1CDx) was applied to explore the genetic (dis)similarities of the primary and recurrent tumors.

Results

By comparing between paired samples, we found that genomic loss of heterozygosity (gLOH) score had a high intra-patient correlation (r2 = 0.79) and that short variants (including TP53, BRCA1/2 and NOTCH1 mutations), tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite stability status remained stable. The frequency of (likely) pathological BRCA1/2 mutations was 30% (12/40) in all samples positively correlated with gLOH scores, but the proportion of gLOH-high status (score > 16%) was 50% (10/20) and 55% (11/20) in the primary and recurrent samples, respectively. An additional 20% (4/20) of patients needed attention, a quarter of which carried the pathological BRCA1 mutation but had a gLOH-low status (gLOH < 16%), and three-quarters had different gLOH status in primary-recurrent pairs. Furthermore, we observed the PSROC samples had higher gLOH scores (16.1 ± 9.24 vs. 19.4 ± 11.1, p = 0.007), more CNVs (36.1% vs. 15.1% of discordant genomic alternations), and significant enrichment of altered genes in TGF-beta signaling and Hippo signaling pathways (p < 0.05 for all) than their paired primaries. Lastly, mutational signature and oncodrive gene analyses showed that the computed mutational signature similarity in the primary and recurrent tumors were best matched the COSMI 3 signature (Aetiology of HRD) and had consistent candidate cancer driver genes of MSH2, NOTCH1 and MSH6.

Conclusion

The high genetic concordance of the short variants remains stable along OC recurrence. However, the results reveal significantly higher gLOH scores in the recurrent setting than in paired primaries, supporting further clinically instantaneity HRD assay strategy.
Analysis of laboratory markers in body contouring procedures after bariatric surgery does not indicate particular risks for perioperative complications
Authors: Stumpfe Maximilian C. , Platzer Juliane , Horch Raymund E. , Geierlehner Alexander , Arkudas Andreas , Mueller-Seubert Wibke , Cai Aijia , Promny Theresa , Ludolph Ingo
Published: June 2024

Background

Body contouring surgery after massive weight loss is associated with different risk factors. Wound healing disorders and seromas commonly occur postoperatively. Bariatric interventions lead to massive weight loss with excess skin and soft tissue. In this study, perioperatively collected laboratory markers of this special patient population were analyzed.

Methods

Fifty-nine patients were analyzed retrospectively regarding bariatric surgery, weight loss, body contouring surgery, laboratory markers, and complication rates.

Results

Body contouring surgery (n = 117) was performed in 59 patients. Weight loss was achieved after gastric bypass (40.1%), gastric banding (33.9%), or sleeve gastrectomy (26.0%), with an average of 69.2 kg. The most common body contouring procedure included abdominoplasty (n = 50), followed by thigh lift (n = 29), mammaplasty (n = 19), brachioplasty (n = 14), and upper body lift (n = 5). Analysis of laboratory markers revealed no exceptional and clinically relevant variations. Correlation analysis revealed associations between resection weight, amount of drain fluid, and particular laboratory markers.

Conclusion

Analysis of perioperative laboratory markers in this special patient population after massive weight loss did not indicate clinically relevant risk factors regardless of the type of bariatric or body contouring surgery. Body contouring surgeries after bariatric interventions prove to be safe and low risk concerning perioperative laboratory markers and postoperative hospitalization.
Slit2–Robo4 signal pathway and tight junction in intestine mediate LPS-induced inflammation in mice
Authors: Wang Lv , Chen Yingtai , Wu Hao , Yu He-hua , Ma Linhao
Published: June 2024

Background

Sepsis is one of the most common clinical diseases, which is characterized by a serious and uncontrollable inflammatory response. LPS-induced inflammation is a critical pathological event in sepsis, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated.

Methods

The animal model was established for two batches. In the first batch of experiments, Adult C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group and LPS (5 mg/kg, i.p.)group . In the second batch of experiments, mice were randomly divided into control group, LPS group, and LPS+VX765(10 mg/kg, i.p., an inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome) group. After 24 hours, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane, blood and intestinal tissue were collected for tissue immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis and ELISA assays.

Results

The C57BL/6J mice injected with LPS for twenty-four hours could exhibit severe inflammatory reaction including an increased IL-1β, IL-18 in serum and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in intestine. The injection of VX765 could reverse these effects induced by LPS. These results indicated that the increased level of IL-1β and IL-18 in serum induced by LPS is related to the increased intestinal permeability and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. In the second batch of experiments, results of western blot and immunohistochemistry showed that Slit2 and Robo4 were significant decreased in intestine of LPS group, while the expression of VEGF was significant increased. Meanwhile, the protein level of tight junction protein ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 were significantly lower than in control group, which could also be reversed by VX765 injection.

Conclusions

In this study, we revealed that Slit2-Robo4 signaling pathway and tight junction in intestine may be involved in LPS-induced inflammation in mice, which may account for the molecular mechanism of sepsis.
Two-dimensional material-based memristive devices for alternative computing
Authors: Panisilvam Jey , Lee Ha Young , Byun Sujeong , Fan Daniel , Kim Sejeong
Published: June 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising building blocks for next generation memristive devices, owing to their unique electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties, resulting in effective switching mechanisms for charge transport. Memristors are key components in a wide range of applications including neuromorphic computing, which is becoming increasingly important in artificial intelligence applications. Crossbar arrays are an important component in the development of hardware-based neural networks composed of 2D materials. In this paper, we summarize the current state of research on 2D material-based memristive devices utilizing different switching mechanisms, along with the application of these devices in neuromorphic crossbar arrays. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and future directions for the field.
Bispecific Antibody Use in Patients With Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Braun Adam , Gouni Sushanth , Pulles Astrid , Strati Paolo , Minnema Monique C. , Budde Lihua E.
Published: June 2024

This article endeavors to navigate the clinical journey of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), from elucidating common toxicities and management strategies to examining novel agents and broadening access in community health care. These drugs, commonly through T-cell activation, result in shared adverse events such as cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Variations in target antigens and designs, however, might introduce unique toxicities for different BsAbs, warranting specific management approaches. Recent US Food and Drug Administration approvals of BsAbs targeting CD3+ T cells linked to CD20 for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and to B-cell maturation antigen or GPRC5D for multiple myeloma have transformed the treatment landscape for hematologic malignancies. Emerging new agents promise further enhancement and safety, exploring novel antigen targets, innovative structures such as trispecific antibodies, and the engagement of diverse immune cells. Simultaneously, the expansion of BsAbs into community practices is underway, demanding a multifaceted strategy that encompasses educational initiatives, operational adaptations, and collaborative frameworks. This ensures comprehensive treatment access, allowing every patient, irrespective of geographical or socioeconomic status, to benefit from these advancements in cancer therapy.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Prostate Cancer Care: A Path to Enhanced Efficiency and Outcomes
Authors: Riaz Irbaz Bin , Harmon Stephanie , Chen Zhijun , Naqvi Syed Arsalan Ahmed , Cheng Liang
Published: June 2024

The landscape of prostate cancer care has rapidly evolved. We have transitioned from the use of conventional imaging, radical surgeries, and single-agent androgen deprivation therapy to an era of advanced imaging, precision diagnostics, genomics, and targeted treatment options. Concurrently, the emergence of large language models (LLMs) has dramatically transformed the paradigm for artificial intelligence (AI). This convergence of advancements in prostate cancer management and AI provides a compelling rationale to comprehensively review the current state of AI applications in prostate cancer care. Here, we review the advancements in AI-driven applications across the continuum of the journey of a patient with prostate cancer from early interception to survivorship care. We subsequently discuss the role of AI in prostate cancer drug discovery, clinical trials, and clinical practice guidelines. In the localized disease setting, deep learning models demonstrated impressive performance in detecting and grading prostate cancer using imaging and pathology data. For biochemically recurrent diseases, machine learning approaches are being tested for improved risk stratification and treatment decisions. In advanced prostate cancer, deep learning can potentially improve prognostication and assist in clinical decision making. Furthermore, LLMs are poised to revolutionize information summarization and extraction, clinical trial design and operations, drug development, evidence synthesis, and clinical practice guidelines. Synergistic integration of multimodal data integration and human-AI integration are emerging as a key strategy to unlock the full potential of AI in prostate cancer care.
Real-World Impact of an In-House Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase (DPYD) Genotype Test on Fluoropyrimidine Dosing, Toxicities, and Hospitalizations at a Multisite Cancer Center
Authors: Nguyen D. Grace , Morris Sarah A. , Hamilton Alicia , Kwange Simeon O. , Steuerwald Nury , Symanowski James , Moore Donald C. , Hanson Sarah , Mroz Kaitlyn , Lopes Karine E. , Larck Chris , Musselwhite Laura , Kadakia Kunal C. , Koya Brinda , Chai Seungjean , Osei-Boateng Kwabena , Kalapurakal Sini , Swift Kristen , Hwang Jimmy , Patel Jai N.
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE

Fluoropyrimidine-related toxicity and mortality risk increases significantly in patients carrying certain DPYD genetic variants with standard dosing. We implemented DPYD genotyping at a multisite cancer center and evaluated its impact on dosing, toxicity, and hospitalization.

METHODS

In this prospective observational study, patients receiving (reactive) or planning to receive (pretreatment) fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were genotyped for five DPYD variants as standard practice per provider discretion. The primary end point was the proportion of variant carriers receiving fluoropyrimidine modifications. Secondary end points included mean relative dose intensity, fluoropyrimidine-related grade 3+ toxicities, and hospitalizations. Fisher's exact test compared toxicity and hospitalization rates between pretreatment carriers, reactive carriers, and wild-type patients. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with toxicity and hospitalization risk. Kaplan-Meier methods estimated time to event of first grade 3+ toxicity and hospitalization.

RESULTS

Of the 757 patients who received DPYD genotyping (median age 63, 54% male, 74% White, 19% Black, 88% GI malignancy), 45 (5.9%) were heterozygous carriers. Fluoropyrimidine was modified in 93% of carriers who started treatment. In 442 patients with 3-month follow-up, 64%, 31%, and 30% of reactive carriers, pretreatment carriers, and wild-type patients had grade 3+ toxicity, respectively ( P = .085); 64%, 25%, and 13% were hospitalized ( P < .001). Reactive carriers had 10-fold higher odds of hospitalization compared with wild-type patients ( P = .001), whereas no significant difference was noted between pretreatment carriers and wild-type patients. Time-to-event of toxicity and hospitalization were significantly different between genotype groups ( P < .001), with reactive carriers having the earliest onset and highest incidence.

CONCLUSION

DPYD genotyping prompted fluoropyrimidine modifications in most carriers. Pretreatment testing reduced toxicities and hospitalizations compared with reactive testing, thus normalizing the risk to that of wild-type patients, and should be considered standard practice.
Hereditary Cancer Screening and Outcomes at an Urban Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Brehany Sydney , Colton Meryl , Duarte Cassandra , Baliton Michael , McCranie Alec S. , Okuyama Sonia
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE

Patients with hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) have a high lifetime risk of developing cancer. Historically underserved populations have lower rates of genetic evaluation. We sought to characterize demographic factors that are associated with undergoing HCS evaluation in an urban safety-net patient population.

METHODS

All patients who met inclusion criteria for this study from 2016 to 2021 at an urban safety-net hospital were included in this analysis. Inclusion criteria were pathologically confirmed breast, ovarian/fallopian tube, colon, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. Patients also qualified for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers or Lynch syndrome on the basis of National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Demographic and oncologic data were collected through retrospective chart review. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were constructed.

RESULTS

Of the 637 patients included, 40% underwent genetic testing. Variables associated with receiving genetic testing on univariable analysis included patients living at the time of data collection, female sex, Latinx ethnicity, Spanish language, family history of cancer, and referral for genetic testing. Patients identifying as Black, having Medicare, having pancreatic or prostate cancer, having stage IV disease, having Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) prognostic score ≥1, having medium or high Charlson comorbidity index, with current or previous cigarette use, and with previous alcohol use were negatively associated with testing. On multivariable modeling, family history of cancer was positively associated with testing. Patients identifying as Black, having colon or prostate cancer, and having ECOG score of 2 had significantly lower association with genetic testing.

CONCLUSION

Uptake of HCS was lower in patients identifying as Black, those with colon or prostate cancer, and those with an ECOG score of 2. Efforts to increase HCS testing in these patients will be important to advance equitable cancer care.
Aesthetic Value and the Practice of Aesthetic Valuing
Authors: Riggle Nick
Published: June 2024

A theory of aesthetic value should explain what makes aesthetic value good. Current views about what makes aesthetic value good privilege the individual’s encounter with aesthetic value—listening to music, reading a novel, writing a poem, or viewing a painting. What makes aesthetic value good is its benefit to the individual appreciator. But engagement with aesthetic value is often a social, participatory matter: sharing and discussing aesthetic goods, imitating aesthetic agents, dancing, cooking, dining, or making music together. This article argues that we should understand aesthetic value in a way that centers these social forms of aesthetic engagement. To this end, the article argues that there is a social practice of aesthetic valuing, characterized as a participatory practice governed by the value of aesthetic community, which engages us in the social development of our capacities for discretionary valuing and volitional openness. Current theories of aesthetic value have trouble capturing the character of the practice of aesthetic valuing, and this motivates a novel communitarian theory of aesthetic value: aesthetic value is what is worthy of engagement in the social practice of aesthetic valuing.
Urges
Authors: Shaw Ashley
Published: June 2024

Experiences of urges, impulses, or inclinations are among the most basic elements in the practical life of conscious agents. This article develops a theory of urges and their epistemology. The article motivates a tripartite framework that distinguishes urges, conscious experiences of urges, and exercises of capacities that agents have to control their urges. The article elaborates the elements of the tripartite framework, in particular, the phenomenological contribution of motor imagery. It argues that experiences of urges and exercises of control over urges play coordinate roles in enabling an agent’s awareness of their impulses.
Be a Doll, Blow a Hero
Authors: Jain Løchlann
Published: June 2024

The medical term apparently drowned emerged in the mid-eighteenth century to describe a kaleidoscopic gap between potential life and potential death. The “seemingly,” or “so far as one can judge” dead, unbreathing body embodied a moment of possibility if only one knew how to actively extract it. As drowning became a focus of social attention, interest gathered around developing resuscitation methods and materials. The article tracks the contiguity of the apparently drowned body with other partially animated proxies: diagrams, drawings, paintings, casts, corpses, masks, dolls, and models—all of which became foils by which to practice affective responses to particular human bodies in particular sorts of trouble and nodes through which community could be practiced and interpellated through ideologies of rescue and feelings of responsibility.
Bank Runs, Fragility, and Credit Easing
Authors: Amador Manuel , Bianchi Javier
Published: June 2024

We present a tractable dynamic general equilibrium model of self-fulfilling bank runs, where banks trade capital in competitive and liquid markets but remain vulnerable to runs due to a loss of creditor confidence. We characterize how the vulnerability of an individual bank depends on its leverage position and the economy-wide asset prices. We study the effect of credit easing policies, in the form of asset purchases. When a banking crisis is generated by runs, credit easing can reduce the number of defaulting banks and enhance welfare. When the crisis is driven by fundamentals, credit easing may have adverse consequences. (JEL E32, E44, E58, G01, G21, G28, G33)
"Parce que c’estoit luy": On Michel de Montaigne’s Ontic Disruption of Sexual Taxonomies and the Individuality of Lovers
Authors: Bauer J. Edgar
Published: June 2024

Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592) contended that "Nature has committed herself not to make any other thing that was not different." On this assumption, the diversity and variability of sexuality instantiates the principle of Nature’s continuous branloire and gives the lie to the regnant scheme of binary sexual distribution. As a result of Montaigne’s Heraclitean approach of reality, the hypostatized categories of man and woman subtending the sexual bipartition of humanity become the internalized poles of the male/female opposition that configure the uniquely nuanced sexuality of the individual. Against this backdrop, Montaigne’s love of Étienne de la Boétie (1530-1563) emerges as the supersedure of the age-old distinction between same-sex and other-sex configurations. Signally, womanizing Montaigne gave a tense response to the question as to why he loved La Boétie: "Because it was he."
From coaching to Mentor Leader:
Authors: Triantari Sotiria
Published: June 2024

We present in this article the personality of the mentor leader in management. The ancient Greek background of the coaching and mentor leader is highlighted. We focus on the differences and similarities of the coach and mentor leader, highlighting the skills of the modern mentor leader, who dynamically contributes to the formation of the personality of the individual, the employee in order to achieve personal and professional development and progress.  The mentor leader with basically characteristics of empathy and mindfulness, which are basically communication parameters, transmits to others his experience, making the human resources of a business or organization flexible, creative, and mature. The mentor leader represents ethical leadership and addresses contemporary challenges in management by strengthening the link between theory and practice through education and transmission of knowledge, skills, and experience. The modern mentor leader makes a significant contribution to cultural change in management and to addressing organizational change, which has a significant impact on the psychology and behavior of employees.
The ethics of war leadership as seen through ancient Greek poetry
Authors: Tripoula Ioanna
Published: June 2024

The present article focuses on the ethics of war leadership in the ancient Greek world, as it is presented through poetic works, specifically the Homeric epic, mainly Iliad, and tragedies, such as Aeschylus' Pérsai, Sophocles’ Aías, Antigóni and Philoktḗtēs, and Andromákhē and Hekabē by Euripides. These works offer interesting insights into the most important aspects of the morality of war leadership, such as who warrior is considered as a charismatic and virtuous leader, which behavior is his is considered moral and by what criteria, who is considered as moral model or moral guide, how the leaders decide regarding the fate of captives and especially of women and what is the role of the gods in selecting and evaluating the morality of war leaders? The conclusion that emerges is that there are certain moral standards, which men and especially the war leaders are expected to follow, while balancing between the pursuit of personal expediency and the common good. A virtuous character, however, is not considered a sufficient condition to ensure a glorious life or victory, because the fate of each and everyone’s is ultimately defined by the gods. Man can only try and hope that he has been proved morally worthy before the challenges and problems he faces‧ his end, however, will prove whether he really succeeded.
Syntax of the Uralic languages: principal features and challenges. Introduction to the special issue of ESUKA – JEFUL
Authors: Ovsjannikova Maria , Rozhanskiy Fedor
Published: June 2024

This introductory paper presents the context and current challenges of Uralic syntactic studies. The brief summary of seven selected papers from the SOUL-4 conference published in the present issue is followed by an overview of six topics from the domain of Uralic syntax, namely: differential object marking; object agreement; impersonal constructions; the syntax of minor parts of speech; subordination and nonfinite predication; and possessive constructions. The aim of this overview is to show how intricate and, in some ways, how unfamiliar Uralic syntax looks from the Standard Average European perspective and how many issues still await further study.

Kokkuvõte. Maria Ovsjannikova, Fedor Rozhanskiy: Uraali keelte süntaks: põhiomadused ja väljakutsed. Sissejuhatus. See sissejuhatav artikkel tutvustab Uurali süntaktiliste uuringute konteksti ja praeguseid väljakutseid. Esmalt tehakse lühikokkuvõte seitsmest SOUL-4 konverentsil ette kantud käesolevasse numbrisse valitud artiklist, millele järgneb ülevaade kuuest Uurali süntaksi valdkonna teemast, nimelt: diferentseeritud objekti markeerimine, objekti ühildumine, impersonaalsed konstruktsioonid, abisõnade süntaks, alistusseos ja mittefiniitne predikatsioon ning omastavate konstruktsioonide süntaks. Käesoleva ülevaate eesmärk on näidata, kui keeruline ja mitmes mõttes võõras on Uurali süntaks Euroopa keskmise standardi perspektiivist ning kui palju küsimusi ootab veel edasist uurimist.
Are main clauses really ‘main’ clauses? The case of relative clauses in spoken Estonian and Finnish
Authors: Laury Ritva , Pajusalu Renate , Helasvuo Marja-Liisa
Published: June 2024

The article concerns relative clause constructions and their main clauses in Estonian and Finnish conversation. The study shows that copula clauses and existential clauses predominate in the corpus data: these two clause types accounted for more than half of the main clauses. Such main clauses serve simply to introduce a referent which is then predicated upon in the relative clause and is likely to be subsequently discussed in the conversation. In addition, relative clauses are also used without any main clauses, headed with just a nominal, a free NP. The article thus shows that the main clauses of relative clauses in Estonian and Finnish conversation tend to be syntactically light. They are also pragmatically light, since it is the relative clause, and not the main clause, which contains the main information in the clause combination. This raises a question about the subordinate status of the relative clause.

Kokkuvõte. Ritva Laury, Renate Pajusalu, Marja-Liisa Helasvuo: Kas pealause on tõesti „pea”lause? Relatiivlaused eesti ja soome suulises keeles. Artikkel tegeleb relatiivlausete konstruktsioonide pealausetega eesti ja soome suulistes vestlustes. Uurimus näitab, et predikatiivlaused ja eksistentsiaallaused on suulises kõnes kõige tavalisemad, nendesse lausetüüpidesse kuulus üle poole meie materjali pealausetest. Sellised pealaused ainult esitlevad referenti, mille kohta just relatiivlause annab olulist informatsiooni. Relatiivlause konstruktsiooniga vestlusesse toodud referent on hiljem tihti edasise vestluse oluline teema. Lisaks kasutatakse relatiivlauseid tihti ilma pealauseteta, nii et nad laiendavad vaba nimisõnafraasi. Artikkel näitab seega, et eesti ja soome vestluste relatiivlausete pealaused on süntaktiliselt kerged. Nad on kerged ka pragmaatiliselt, kuna just relatiivlause, mitte aga pealause, annab põhilise informatsiooni. Siit tekib küsimus relatiivlause kui kõrvallause staatusest ja selle alistatusest.
Syntax of the numeral phrase in Soikkola Ingrian
Authors: Rozhanskiy Fedor
Published: June 2024

This article describes the numeral phrase in Soikkola Ingrian. It focuses on the external syntax of the numeral phrase (first of all, case marking of its components) and on the number agreement between the numeral phrase in the subject position and the predicate. The sources of data are (a) a collection of spontaneous speech samples recorded in 2006–2013, (b) samples of spontaneous speech published by previous researchers, (c) elicited material recorded in 2006–2023. Though the numeral phrase in Soikkola Ingrian preserves most of the common Finnic traits, it has some less com- mon features, e.g. agreement in all numeral phrases with a numeral ending in ‘one’ or expressing approximate quantity through a reversed word order. Most likely these features arose due to the contact influence of Russian.

Kokkuvõte. Fedor Rozhanskiy: Numeraalfraasi süntaks isuri keele Soikkola murdes. See artikkel kirjeldab numeraalfraasi isuri keele Soikkola murdes. Artikli keskmes on numeraalfraasi välissüntaks (eeskätt selle komponentide käändemärgistus) ja arvu ühildumine numeraalfraasi ning predikaadi vahel. Andmeallikad on (a) 2006.–2013. aastal salvestatud spontaanse kõneüksuste kogu, (b) varasemate uurijate avaldatud spontaanse kõne näited, (c) 2006.–2023. aastal salvestatud küsitletud materjal. Kuigi numeraalfraas Soikkola murdes säilitab enamiku tavalistest läänemeresoome keele tunnustest, on sellel mõningaid vähemlevinud omadusi, näiteks ühildumine kõigis numeraalfraasides numbriga ’üks’ lõppeva numeraali või ligikaudse koguse väljendamise kaudu pööratud sõnajärjega. Need omadused on tekkinud tõenäoliselt vene keele kontakti tulemusena.
Impersonal or passive? Some approaches to analysis (based on the Veps and Estonian languages)
Authors: Oskolskaia Polina
Published: June 2024

This article deals with constructions of the form “to be + passive participle” in Veps and Estonian. Depending on the syntactic context, these constructions can be considered either impersonal or passive. Cases where the syntactic properties of the context do not allow us to determine whether a construction is impersonal or passive are the main object of the study. The article proposes two approaches to analysing these cases, using a corpus study in Veps and the analysis of a native speaker survey in Estonian. Analysis of the Veps data shows that 66% of the sample collected cannot be unambiguously attributed to the impersonal or the passive construction. At the same time, there is a correlation between polarity and construction choice: the passive occurs more often in negative contexts and the impersonal occurs more often in affirmative contexts. The results of the Estonian survey show that 88% of constructions are interpreted as passive. Verb tense and stative/dynamic semantics do not correlate with construction type, but there is a relationship between the preverbal position of the nominative argument and the passive construction. It was assumed that in the impersonal construction the argument has a special status and is not a prototypical object but has both object and subject features.

Kokkuvõte. Polina Oskolskaia: Kas impersonaal või passiiv? Mõned lähenemised umbisikuliste konstruktsioonide analüüsile (vepsa ja eesti keele materjali põhjal). Artiklis käsitletakse „olla + passiivne partitiiv -tud“ konstruktsioone vepsa ja eesti keeles. Sõltuvalt süntaktilistest tingimustest võivad need konstruktsioonid olla impersonaalsed või passiivsed. Artiklis uuritakse neid olukordi, kus konteksti süntaktilised omadused ei võimalda täpselt kindlaks teha, kas konstruktsioon on impersonaalne või passiivne. Tehakse ettepanek kaaluda kahte lähenemist selliste olukordade analüüsimiseks vepsa keele korpusuuringu ja eesti keele emakeelekõnelejate küsitluse analüüsi näitel. Vepsa andmete analüüs näitab, et 66% kogutud valimist ei saa üheselt seostada ei impersonaali ega passiivi konstruktsiooniga. Samal ajal esineb korrelatsioon polaarsuse ja konstruktsioonivaliku vahel: passiiv esineb sagedamini eitavates kontekstides ja impersonaal esineb sagedamini jaatavates kontekstides. Eesti keele uuringu tulemused näitavad, et 88% konstruktsioonidest tõlgendatakse passiivina. Verbi aeg ja statiivne / dünaamiline semantika ei korreleeru konstruktsioonitüübiga, kuid on olemas seos nominatiivse argumendi preverbaalse positsiooni ja passiivkonstruktsiooni vahel. Eeldati, et impersonaalses konstruktsioonis on argumendil eriline staatus ja see ei ole prototüüpne objekt, vaid sellel on nii objekti kui ka subjekti tunnused.
Syntactic properties and information structure of constructions with plural-marked adjectives in Beserman
Authors: Usacheva Maria , Brykina Maria
Published: June 2024

The present article investigates Beserman constructions which contain adjectives inflected for number and nouns that they modify semantically. Prototypically adjectives do not show agreement in number with the head noun. Under certain circumstances, however, they may be marked for number by a nominal plural suffix -(j)os and a 3Sg possessive marker, or by a predicative adjectival suffix -(j)eś. Elicitation and corpus data show that constructions with the suffix -(j)os and a 3Sg possessive marker are used in contrastive contexts. As for -(j)eś-marked adjectives, we claim that two types of construction should be distinguished. Postposed -(j)eś-marked adjectives, according to syntactic tests, retain their original predicative properties. Preposed -(j)eś-marked adjectives share important properties with “prototypical” attributes in Beserman, and may be used under various information structure conditions, thus drifting towards holding the status of pure agreement constructions.

Kokkuvõte. Maria Usacheva, Maria Brykina: Besermani mitmuslike omadussõnadega konstruktsioonide süntaktilised omadused ja infostruktuur. Käesolev artikkel uurib Besermani keele konstruktsioone, mis hõlmavad arvus käänatud omadussõnu ja neid täiendavaid nimisõnu. Prototüüpselt omadussõnad ei ühildu arvus nominaalse põhisõnaga. Teatud tingimustel võivad nad siiski arvu väljendada nominaalse mitmuse sufiksi -(j)os ja kolmanda isiku ainsuse possessiivsufiksiga või predikatiivse adjektiivsufiksiga -(j)eś. Me usume, et sufiksiga -(j)os ja kolmanda isiku ainsuse possessiiv- suffiksiga konstruktsioonid on atributiivse nominalisatsiooni näited. Korpuse andmed ja küsitlus näitavad, et neid kasutatakse kontrasti väljendamiseks. Mis puudutab -(j)eś-markeriga omadussõnu, siis väidame, et eristada tuleks kahte tüüpi konstruktsioone. Järelasendis -(j)eś-markeriga omadussõnad säilitavad süntaktiliste testide kohaselt oma esialgsed predikatiivsed omadused. Eesasendis -(j)eś-markeriga omadussõnad jagavad olulisi omadusi “prototüüpsete” Besermani atribuutidega ja neid võib kasutada erinevates infostruktuuri tingimustes, mis lähendab neid ühildumiskonstruktsioonidele.
Unfulfilled Art Enthusiast With Schizoid Personality Disorder: a case report
Authors: Juruś Kamil , Kamińska Karolina , Kiełbowicz Magdalena , Krysta Krzysztof
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study is to present a description of a case of a person suffering from schizoid personality disorder with a focus on the mechanisms that influenced the life choices of the patient.
Case description: 27-year-old man with schizoid personality disorder has been struggling with it since childhood, which mostly caused by his dysfunctional family. The man considers himself unique because he composes music, wants to write a book, set up a theatre and claims that he is able to discover a lot in math, but does not implement it while living in a fantasy world.
Discussion: It is thought-provoking that a person with a personality disorder characterized, among other things, by being indifferent to the praise or criticism of others and displaying emotional coldness, detachment, or shallow emotionality, is interested in areas in which emotions embodied in art are one of the main forms of expression, and encountering feedback from others is intrinsically linked to this. One explanation for this may be that the contact with the audience in the patient's chosen fields of art (electronic music making) is not direct.
Conclusions: Currently, treatment for schizoid personality disorder is long and difficult. This is mainly due to the fact that these individuals are often indifferent to the need for change, which can lead to a lack of motivation for any treatment. The main methods include psychodynamic psychotherapy, group psychotherapy and sometimes medication.
In vivo stress model points (-)-α-Bisabolol as an alternative to relieve effects on neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Rebouças Manoela de Oliveira , Alves da Silva Daniel Moreira , Vale Larice de Carvalho , Valentim José Tiago , de Oliveira Natália Ferreira , Rodrigues de Carvalho Alyne Mara , de Oliveira Andressa Alexandre , Chaves Raquell de Castro , Luciano Maria Claudia dos Santos , de Sousa Francisca Cléa Florenço
Published: June 2024

Aim of the study

The present study aimed to investigate the antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of (-)-αbisabolol (BIS) and its possible mechanisms of action related to alterations on products of oxidative stress, using the model of depression induced by Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

Subject or material and methods

The male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CUMS for 28 days, and the depressive and anxious-like behaviors was observed in the animals at the end of the protocol.

Results

The depressive and anxious behavior was successfully attenuated after BIS administration, evidenced in forced swimming tests and preference for sucrose solution results, with exciting results when compared to Fluoxetine, the reference drug for depression.

Discussion

The antioxidant profile as mechanism indicated a significant reduction of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in hippocampus area.

Conclusions

In brief, the study revealed that BIS relieve depressive and anxiety-like state through mitigating oxidative stress.
Online and Face-to-Face Therapy during Covid-19 pandemic - Determinants of the Therapeutic Relationship
Authors: Furmańska Joanna , Rutkowska Emilia , Marques Cristiana C. , Martins Maria João , Lane Håkan , Meixner Johannes , us Sahar Najam
Published: June 2024

Aim of the study

To assess how the therapeutic relationship is perceived by therapists both in online and face-to-face therapy during the Covid-19 pandemic and if the therapist's personal, professional, and psychological characteristics, as well as their experience of the COVID-19 pandemic influence their perception of the therapeutic relationship.

Subject or material and methods

Recruited 327 psychotherapists from four European countries: Sweden (Northern Europe), Poland (Eastern Europe), Portugal (Southern Europe) and Germany (Central Europe). Used original questionnaire and the Scale to Assess Therapeutic Relationship (STAR), the Fear of Contracting COVID-19 Scale (FCS Covid-19), the Pandemic Fatigue Scale (PFS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU K-14) and the Sense of Efficacy Test (SET).

Results

The therapeutic relationship is perceived as more effective and productive in face-to-face therapy, although therapists noticed more emotional difficulties in this form than in online therapy. The predictor of the assessment of the overall quality and strength of the therapeutic relationship in online therapy is the therapist's self-efficacy, whereas in face-to-face therapy are the therapist's depression, age and cognitive / behavioral approach.

Discussion

Variables related with therapist’s personal, occupational, psychological characteristics, and their experience with COVID-19 pandemic are related to the perception of the therapeutic relationship and these relationships, although in different configurations, apply to both online and face-to-face therapy.

Conclusions

The obtained results broaden the scope of knowledge about the therapeutic relationship, and also encouraged therapists to reflect on the factors that are important for its assessment.
Nursing care of a 71-year-old patient after ischemic stroke with thrombolytic treatment in the neurology department
Authors: Ryś Bogusława , Bąk Ewelina , Sajdok Edyta
Published: June 2024

Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of death and the main cause of permanent disability in the world's population. Early detection of symptoms and appropriate treatment can significantly reduce the rate of deaths and/or reduce the risk of severe disability. The following study describes the case of a 71-year-old man who avoided partial or severe disability thanks to a quick reaction, accurate diagnostics and subsequent initiation of thrombolytic treatment.
Effects of smartphone app-based oral muscle strength training on functional improvement in the elderly
Authors: Lee Kyeong-Hee , Choi Yoon-Young , Jung Eun-Seo , Moon Hyun-Young , Yoon Mi-Sook , Lee Kyeong-Jin
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to develop educational content for a smartphone app on oral muscle training and examine its effects on the elderly population. Methods: A total of twelve training sessions were delivered through the smartphone app over a six-week period, from late August to early October 2023. Each session lasted approximately 60 minutes. Participants were followed up after the program. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in oral health before and after using the smartphone app. These improvements included decreased dental plaque (p<0.05) by 0.69 units, decreased gingivitis (p<0.001) by 0.99 units, decreased tongue plaque (p<0.01) by 1.11 units, increased salivary secretion rate (p<0.001) by 0.73 units, increased hard palate strength (p<0.001) by 5.25 units, and increased soft palate strength (p<0.01) by 6.82 units. Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvements in dental plaque (p<0.001), gingivitis (p<0.001), and tongue coating (p<0.01). Conclusions: This study found that oral muscle strengthening training using the smartphone app effectively improved oral health in the elderly. The developed app content has the potential to be a valuable tool for promoting oral health in this population within their daily routines. However, further efforts are needed to ensure clear communication and effective utilization of the training program through user training or educational materials.