bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of human resource management on health workers during pandemics COVID-19: systematic review
Authors: Widjaja Gunawan
Published: February 2021

The HR crisis has affected the health system, but there is little research into how this HR disruption affects medical workers. Understanding the impact on the health of medical personnel is essential; the COVID-19 outbreak is still sweeping the world. With the empirical literature, we have succeeded in summarizing the impact of the HR crisis on the health of medical personnel. Exploratory systematic reviews have identified qualitative, theory-based empirical evidence against practitioners. We have searched a database of relevant HR crises and health issues. Then we analyzed it in depth with a phenomenological approach. A total of 40 peer-reviewed publications were reviewed, referring to the HR crisis and its impact on the health of medical personnel. Finally, this study confirms that the human resource crisis is transmitted to medical personnel through several models: (1) a decrease in the quality of health services; (2) the impact of inadequate service measures; and (3) increasing demands for health services from patients; (4) A wave of community protests for treatment; (5) service and budget inefficiency.
El sino trágico de un campamento minero: Morococha
Authors: Bonilla Mayta Heraclio
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo revisa la trayectoria trágica del campamento minero Morococha, a través de una exploración histórica del proceso de formación del complejo minero, asimismo, se describen las condiciones de vida de su población, que quedaron atrapados entre una Morococha Vieja en escombros y una Morococha Nueva convertida en un pueblo fantasma. Se trata pues, como la crónica de una muerte anunciada, que se reproduce una y otra vez en varios contextos del espacio nacional, como el sino o el destino de todo centro minero. Situación que se replica en la actualidad, porque quienes manejan las políticas económicas asumen que la prosperidad del país radica en la explotación eficiente de sus ventajas comparativas, basada en la explotación de sus minerales.
Mariátegui: Perspectivas desde la Concepción simbólica de la Historia Nación en formación-Nación formada y “Pensamiento”
Authors: Castillo Ochoa Manuel
Published: February 2021

El presente trabajo indaga, desde el enfoque de la concepción materialista de la historia (CMH) sobre uno de los debates clásicos latinoamericanos y peruanos. El de la nación en formación o nación formada. Partiendo sobre la discusión que se suscitó entre J. C. Mariátegui y el Argentino Palacios en la década del veinte en América Latina sobre si ya existía un pensamiento latinoamericano o no y, recolocando la discusión a la luz de los nuevos giros teóricos acontecidos recientemente, avanza sobre la propuesta de Mariátegui frente a Palacios destacando la “Hermeneútica” de Mariátegui. Recoge también un debate que aconteció a mediados de la primera década del siglo actual, pero que, según el autor, no le dio la importancia debida a la “mentalidad” y el “pensamiento” que destacaba Mariategui frente a Palacios para tratar el tema de la formación nacional, sin dejar de lado la especificidad material de la formación nacional peruana. Asimismo, destaca también otros autores nacionales.
La continuidad del modelo extractivista de desarrollo en el Perú
Authors: Lust Jan
Published: February 2021

El crecimiento de la exportación de los recursos naturales del país y la inversión extranjera en los sectores extractivistas son cruciales para el desarrollo de la economía peruana. Desde la década de los noventas el modelo de desarrollo económico está basado en la exportación de los commodities y la desregulación de los mercados. En este artículo argumentamos que la continuidad del modelo extractivista de desarrollo del país es la consecuencia de la interacción entre las condiciones objetivas y subjetivas del desarrollo capitalista peruano. El análisis de las condiciones objetivas se centra en el papel del país en la división internacional del trabajo, la relación entre este papel y la estructura económica y empresarial del Perú, y la funcionalidad del modelo extractivista de desarrollo para el Estado peruano. En el caso de las condiciones subjetivas, se analiza la fuerza de la izquierda política, el movimiento trabajador y los movimientos sociales contra el capital minero. La debilidad de las condiciones subjetivas hace que sea imposible cambiar las condiciones objetivas.
Urarina. Identidad y memoria en la cuenca del río Chambira
Authors: Chavarría Mendoza María
Published: February 2021

Dentro de la gran variedad de pueblos originarios en el Perú, hay uno sobre el cual se conoce poco: el pueblo Urarina o urarinaaürü, y lo mismo podemos decir de su lengua. Ubicado en territorios de la cuenca del río Chambira
Relaciones naturaleza y pandemia desde la perspectiva de los sistemas complejos adaptativos
Authors: Arce Rojas Rodrigo
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo tiene el propósito de extraer pautas de abordaje de futuras pandemias a partir del reconocimiento de la relación estrecha entre naturaleza y sociedad mediante la aplicación del enfoque de sistemas complejos adaptativos. De la revisión se concluye que la adopción del enfoque de sistemas complejos adaptativos permite asumir el paradigma de la complejidad en el abordaje de las pandemias reforzando los enfoques de los sistemas reduccionistas que si bien es cierto dan respuestas para situaciones lineales de causa y efecto presentan limitaciones cuando enfrentan fenómenos con los atributos de la complejidad: autoorganización (emergencia), no linealidad (caos), adaptación-evolución (cibernética) e interconectividad (estructura de red), entre otros. A partir del abordaje de los sistemas complejos adaptativos y los sistemas socio ecológicos se puede comprender las estrechas interrelaciones e interdependencias entre el subsistema ecológico y el subsistema social por lo que se entiende mejor las relaciones entre naturaleza y pandemia como parte de una red mayor de relaciones.
Fundamentos epistemológicos de las políticas de ciencia y tecnología en América Latina
Authors: Mejía Navarrete Julio
Published: February 2021

Este ensayo sobre los fundamentos epistemológicos de las políticas de ciencia y tecnología, con referencia al campo de las ciencias sociales, examina las bases del orden estratégico que guía la producción y circulación cognitiva en América Latina. Precisamente, la disposición expositiva del artículo versa en torno de sus principales categorías epistemológicas: el principio cartesiano de las dos culturas, el eurocentrismo cognoscitivo hegemónico, la apropiación de saberes de la periferia y la extinción de la función-autor en tiempos de la globalización.
Memoria y fiesta popular en Ayacucho. Escenarios de la comunicación en sociedades posconflicto
Authors: Rodríguez González Yolanda
Published: February 2021

En mayo, la pequeña ciudad de Luricocha enclavada en la región andina centro sur del Perú, atrae a cantidad de visitantes motivados por la Fiesta de las Cruces. Ella moviliza a decenas de comunidades que llegan de diferentes barrios y pagos del distrito portando sus cruces adornadas con flores y tejidos coloridos para ser saludadas por la feligresía y turistas. Las cruces son acompañadas por los Chunchos, agrupaciones músico coreográficas que tocan un instrumento aerófono ancestral: la antara. Lo que aparece ante los ojos del visitante como un ritual ligado al pasado, está íntimamente imbricado con el presente y sus símbolos de modernidad: las tecnologías de la comunicación y la información. Las tecnologías son utilizadas para activar los lazos de identidad y pertenencia de la comunidad y su diáspora esparcida como consecuencia de la guerra interna en los años 80.
Percepción de los egresados sanmarquinos respecto de su formación pedagógica en el marco de la educación intercultural
Authors: Sotomayor Torres Yoshi
Published: February 2021

El estudio desarrollado tiene como objetivo central analizar las percepciones de los egresados de la Facultad de Educación en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos respecto de su formación pedagógica en el marco de la educación intercultural. Entre los objetivos específicos, el estudio indaga en torno a sus percepciones respecto de los contenidos impartidos y las metodologías empleadas por sus docentes, así como sobre sus prácticas preprofesionales y la convivencia estudiantil en un contexto académico y social marcadamente heterogéneo. El enfoque del estudio es cualitativo y la técnica principal de recolección de información es la entrevista semiestructurada y a profundidad. Se trabajó con un total de 10 informantes que culminaron sus estudios en el 2018. Las entrevistas se desarrollaron entre el 2019 y febrero del 2020 (prepandemia). Entre los principales resultados, se encuentra que tanto la programación curricular como las metodologías empleadas por los docentes no consideran ni incluyen los principios de la pedagogía intercultural. Entre las conclusiones, en la Facultad de Educación de San Marcos rige un currículum de corte monocultural y reproductor del modelo hegemónico, pese a que la característica principal de dicha población estudiantil es su diversidad cultural y lingüística.
¿Entrampados o Encauzados?: Los retos del crecimiento económico en el Perú del siglo XXI
Authors: Portocarrero Corzo Adriana
Published: February 2021

¿Entrampados o Encauzados?: Los retos del crecimiento económico en el Perú del siglo XXI, es un libro de Roxana Barrantes y Álvaro Grompone, publicado por el Instituto de Estudios Peruanos en el año 2015. El presente libro tiene por objetivo mostrar las perspectivas a futuro que tiene el país en cuestión de desarrollo. Se analizarán posibles factores que impulsarían una tendencia positiva a su crecimiento, así como aquellos factores posibles a convertirse en obstáculos para lograr este objetivo.
El Estado y la informalidad urbana. Perú en el siglo XXI
Authors: Calderón Cockburn Julio
Published: February 2021

Este artículo busca entender como la acción de gobierno puede generar la informalidad urbana y sus consecuencias. Tomando como referencia el caso peruano, este artículo no busca abundar en información empírica, sino reflexionar acerca de la relación conceptual entre Estado e informalidad. Al respecto, conviene distinguir la informalidad laboral (definida por las condiciones de trabajo en relación a un marco jurídico vigente) de la informalidad urbana, referida al modo en que grupos sociales acceden al suelo, se proveen y gestionan servicios básicos y construyen su vivienda. En el Perú, entre 1990-2019, se ha desplegado un modelo de libre mercado que ha buscado promover la inversión privada y la empresa formal y, explícitamente, se ha planteado reducir la informalidad. Se considerarán cuatro aspectos: la política de vivienda y la política de titulación de la propiedad, ambos destinados a frenar la informalidad, la entrega de constancias o certificados de posesión municipal y, finalmente, el paso del predominio de invasiones al de mercados ilegales de tierras en el acceso al suelo. El artículo se ha basado en la revisión de información secundaria.
Las ideas fundadoras de la Universidad Ricardo Palma
Authors: Ríos Burga Jaime
Published: February 2021

El presente ensayo aborda y reconstruye el curso de las ideas fundacionales de la Universidad Ricardo Palma, desde su imaginario y diferentes etapas de construcción, reforma institucional y sus desafíos de futuro. Un modelo de universidad basado en la universalidad del conocimiento, como una forma de democracia en acción por hacer de los humanos más libres, iguales, solidarios y diferentes. Fundada en una nueva cultura civilizatoria que supera todo pragmatismo.
İSLAM DÜNYASINDA KUDÜS VE SELAHADDİN EYYÜBİ
Authors: SARI ÇETİN Aysu
Published: February 2021

The importance and value of Jerusalem, the holy city for Islam and Muslims, in the Middle East geography. Even though a lot of money has been paid for Jerusalem, which has a very important place for Christians, Jews and Muslims from the past to the present, it is seen that these religions still do not give up Jerusalem. The reason for this is the Temple of Solomon for Jews, Hz for Christians. Jerusalem is the place where Jesus is believed to be resurrected and Jerusalem is the city of the Prophets for Muslims, as well as being mentioned as a verse in the Quran and Masjid Accent is the first qibla. Hz. The giving of the keys of the city by trusting the justice of Umar and the conquest of Jerusalem by the Islamic armies and the siege of Jerusalem by the sultan of the east, Saladin, will be explained.
DEVLET OKULLARINDA GÖREV YAPAN OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN, ENTELEKTÜEL SERMAYE VE YÖNETİMİ HAKKINDAKİ GÖRÜŞLERİ (ERZİNCAN İLİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: İBİLİ Hakan
Published: February 2021

In the difficult period experienced during the pandemic period, schools should use and manage all their resources in a way that will get the highest efficiency. For this reason, intellectual capital and management has an important place in educational organizations as in all organizations. The aim of the study is to examine the opinions of school administrators who work in official kindergarten, primary school, secondary school and high school in the 2020-2021 academic year, on intellectual capital and management. In the study, qualitative research method was used as a research method, and "phenomenology design", one of qualitative research designs, was used as a research design. The study group of the research consists of 10 school administrators working in different school types in Erzincan city center. Research data were obtained using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. Due to the epidemic process and at the request of the participants, participant opinions, in writing, online form or online meeting program (Zoom , Google Meet etc.). The themes and codes of the contents were obtained by subjecting the data obtained after the interview to content analysis. As a result of the research, it was seen that school administrators had sufficient information about intellectual capital and intellectual capital elements. It has been determined that the educational policies carried out in the participant schools have positive effects on the intellectual capital accumulation, strong communication with all stakeholders, creating an atmosphere of trust and a sense of belonging in the school, distributing responsibilities to all stakeholders and ensuring the participation of all stakeholders in the decisions taken, and there is no negative effect. It has been determined that the educational policies carried out throughout the country have negative effects on the intellectual capital management process carried out on the basis of the school, limiting the private mobility of the school and affecting the school's ability to take initiative. Some suggestions were made in line with the results of the research.
CHARACTERISTICS OF miRNA INTERACTION WITH mRNA OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE CANDIDATE GENES
Authors: Mukushkina D.D. , Labeit S. , Ivashchenko A.T.
Published: February 2021

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most serious cardiovascular disease and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. An important role in the pathophysiology of IHD play such processes as the processes of inflammation and immune response, metabolism of homocysteine and folate, development processes of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress and homeostasis system. Accordingly, the identified genes that are directly involved in these processes. In addition, miRNA (mRNA-inhibiting RNA) may affect the expression of these candidate genes. Using bioinformatics methods, the most efficient associations of miRNA and target genes were established. This research presents the characteristics of miRNA interactions with mRNA of candidate IHD genes. Candidate genes were identified that had a free energy of interaction with miRNA equal to -120 kJ / mole and higher in the following interactions: in 5’UTR - ALDH2 and ID02142.3p-miR; CELSR2 and ID00457.3p-miR; DDAH2 and ID01272.3p-miR; DNMT1 and ID02052.5p-miR; DOCK7 and ID00061.3p-miR; EGFR and ID02457.3p-miR; FOLH1 and ID01428.3p-miR; IL6R and miR-6089; NOS3 and ID02363.5p-miR; NPC1 and ID00551.3p-miR; PPP1R17 and ID01693.5p-miR; PRKCH and ID00520.5p-miR; SERPINE1 and ID01098.3p-miR; in CDS - ABCG8 and ID03064.3p-miR; ADORA2A and ID02697.3p-miR; APOA1 and ID00457.3p-miR; CDKN2B and ID02899.3p-miR; IL6R and ID01806.3p-miR; TIMP2 and ID00098.5p-miR; TNF and ID02050.3p-miR; TRIB1 and ID03208.5p-miR; VWF and ID01238.5p-miR. Associations were also revealed in the 3'UTR region with an interaction free energy of -115 kJ/mole and higher: AGTR2 and ID01213.5p-miR; APLNR and ID00616.5p-miR; CXCL12 and ID00483.3p-miR; FADS2 and miR-1224-3p; FCGR2A and miR-1273g-3p; GCKR and ID02928.3p-miR; IL6R and ID00913.5p-miR; KCNJ11 and ID03288.5p-miR; PPP1R3B and ID00913.5p-miR; TFPI and miR-1273g-3p; TIMP2 and ID01941.5p-miR. The results obtained could be used as molecular genetic markers of IHD for the diagnosis of this disease.
COMPARISON OF THE RADIATION SITUATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL AND OIL REGIONS OF THE ATYRAU REGION
Authors: Yessenamanova M.S. , Salamatova Zh. , Sangadzhieva L.Kh. , Yessenamanova Zh.S. , Tlepbergenova А.Е.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the comparison of radiation levels in the Issatay and Makhambet districts of the Atyrau region. Atyrau region belongs to the regions of the oil-producing industry, which in turn can lead to environmental pollution, including radiation. Therefore, a radiation analysis was carried out to measure the exposure dose on the territory of the Isatai region, in which the oil-producing industry is developed, and for comparative analysis, the same measurements were carried out in the Makhambet region, where there is no industrial activity and the region belongs to an agricultural region. The studies carried out show that, according to the average values of the exposure dose in both regions, it is in close values, which range from 9 to more than 14 mR/h in the industrial region (Issatay region) and from 10 to 11 mR/h in the agricultural region (Makhambet region). In the Issatay district, according to the average values, there is a slight increased content. The data on the exposure dose rate at the entrance to the village and in the center of the village show that in the Makhambet district, the exposure dose data is higher in the center of the village than at the entrance to the village, while in the Isatai district the indicators at the entrance to the villages are, on the contrary, higher. In the Issatay region, within the villages, the data are similar to the Makhambet region, and outside the settlements, there is a slight increase associated with the additional load from oil pollution. The data on the level of measurement height show that at the level of the earth's surface and at the level of 50 cm, the values of the exposure dose are close in the values of the two regions, while there is a difference at the level of 1 m. In the Issatay region, the exposure dose is higher than in the Makhambet region, this may be due to the relatively greater accumulation of gaseous radioisotopes that accumulate as a result of evaporation from oil fields. The background radiation in both regions does not exceed the maximum permissible dose and is not hazardous to health.
USING MICROORGANISMS FOR SOIL PURIFICATION FROM HIGH-PARAFFIN CRUDE OIL
Authors: Kenzhetaev G.Zh. , Boranbaeva A.N. , Serikbayeva A.K. , Syrlybekқyzy S. , Issanov T.Sh.
Published: February 2021

This paper presents the research data aimed at resolving the problem of soil purification from high-paraffin crude oil using microorganisms.Samples of oilcontaminated soil were taken from the walls of the oil storage pit at the Uzen oilfield. According to the analysis of the oilcontaminated soil samples, the share of oil was 28 %, the share of mechanical impurities – 9.7 %, and the share of water – 60 %.It has been found that according to the API(American Petroleum Institute) indicators, that oil chemical composition may contribute to its rapid decomposition during bioremediation. Paraffin hydrocarbons are also easily decomposed by bacteria. The bacterial preparation «SHER» was used in laboratory experiments.The method of bacteria immobilization with the «SHER» biological product on the medium made from screenings of shell limestone wastes has been chosen.The conditions for conducting experimental laboratory studies on cleaning oil-contaminated soils by biological remediation are described.According to the results of the research, it was established that the immobilization of bacteria of the biological product "Sher" by a carrier in the form of sifting limestone-shell rock showed a high degree of purification of oil-contaminated soil (88.63%).To study the further activity of bacteria, experiments were conducted on the secondary use of thesolution of residual mother waterof the biological product "SHER", used in the process of cleaning oil-contaminated soil.The results of experimental studies using solution of residual mother water and immobilization by screening showed the degree of soil purification (45.7%). Thus, based on the results of studies of the drug "SHER", it can be concluded that this drug can effectively neutralize oil products in the soil.
EСOLOGICAL AND MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL BASICS OF CROP FORMATION DEPENDING ON THE GROWING DOSES AND METHODS OF FERTILIZERS APPLICATION
Authors: Zhailybai K. N. , Medeuova G. Z. , Nurvash N. K.
Published: February 2021

Highly productive barley agrocenosis is formed when plants are preserved before harvesting 240-260 pcs/m2, formation of productive stems 640-680 pcs/m2, with bushiness of 2.70-2.85 pcs/plant, the proportion of lateral shoots in crop formation was 62.4-64.8%. This contributed to an increase in grain yield to 33.1-36.7 centner/hectare, the yield increase was 17.7-21.3 centner/ viable seeds are sown and N90P90 kg/ha is added prior to sowing and additional fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizer N30 kg/ha in the beginning of tillering period, irrigation mode 70-75-70% of the total field moisture-holding capacity (MHC) and in the course of other agronomic techniques of due quality in due time.
SELECTION AND JUSTIFICATION OF PARAMETERS OF WORKING BODIES OF THE COMBINED TOOLS FOR THE BASIC AND PREPLANT PROCESSING OF SOIL IN THE CULTIVATION OF ROW CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTH KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Rzaliyev A.S. , Bekmuhametov Sh.B. , Goloboroko V.P.
Published: February 2021

In the southern zone of Kazakhstan, agricultural crops are cultivated, both on irrigated and rain-fed lands. The main technology used for tillage is traditional, which accounts for 90% of all cultivated crops. This technology provides for multiple passes of machine-tractor units (MTU) across the field, which causes a large load on the soil, leading to the destruction of its structure. In the South of the Republic, combined tools supplied from neighboring countries (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine) are mainly used for pre-sowing tillage. They do not correspond to the soil and climate conditions and technologies used. To ensure the required quality of soil preparation, it is necessary to use machines adapted to zonal conditions. To develop a combined tool for pre-sowing and basic tillage, the parameters of its working bodies were justified. Based on the conducted research, a prototype of the combined OKP-4,0 machine was manufactured at the experimental plant of "SPC of agricultural engineering " LLP, and its acceptance tests were carried out during the operation of pre-sowing soil preparation for corn sowing, according to which the quality of soil treatment corresponded to agricultural requirements. There were no breakdowns or failures in operation.
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL BASES OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LIVESTOCK IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Sarkhanov К.А.
Published: February 2021

The analysis demonstrates that the growth of animal products is provided, mainly by the private subsidiary farmings and households (PSF and HH), where is concentrated more than 80% of cattle and poultry. Meanwhile, small-scale seasonal production prevails in this sector, which, as practice shows, sometimes does not meet the requirements of the processing industry, and the output products cannot be competitive domestically, especially on the foreign markets. Consequently, the purpose of these scientific and production researches were the development of the conceptual framework for the improvement of the efficiency of live-stock animal breeding in the rural regions of Central Kazakhstan, which have lion shares of pasture land and underground minerals of the country. A distinctive feature of the operating system of the small economy management forms in rural regions of Akmola, Karaganda, North-Kazakhstani, and South-Kazakhstani areas has been studied. The modern abstract-logical, economic-mathematical and statistical methods, common research methods in the area of livestock section are applied in the scientific researches, experiments: All-Russia Research and Development Institute of Livestock Breeding, VIZH, VASKHNIL, and also data on the development of cattle breeding of the region before and post-privatization periods of the rural reform was used. On the basis of long-term research work, the author having identified the main problems, is developing a comprehensive program for the development of animal husbandry in four areas, that is, to improve systems: economy management, fodder production, subsidies and breeding. According to the research, the principles and conceptual foundations of improving the efficiency of breeding domestic farm animals have been developed. At the same time, the principles of a systematic approach, feedback, the need to describe the regulatory impacts of the state, the functional composition and structure of the system of economic models at the level of rural regions are distinguished and justified.
ETTI MERINOS – KAZAKHSTANI EXPORT-ORIENTED MEAT BREAD
Authors: Torekhanov A.A. , Zhumadillayev N.K.
Published: February 2021

Sheep breeding in Kazakhstan is a traditional branch of animal husbandry. The development of the industry is facilitated by the presence of large areas of pasture lands, as well as the existing valuable gene pool of breed resources, created by national selection and long-term work of scientists-breeders. The republic has great potential for the further development of sheep breeding industry and is able not only to meet the population's need for mutton, but also to become a major exporter. The restoration and further development of domestic sheep breeding should be based on rational use of genetic potential of animals and natural pastures of the country for the cost-effective production of high quality sheep products that meet international standards. The article deals with the development of fine-wool sheep breeding in Almaty, Zhambyl and South Kazakhstan regions, improvement of meat characteristics of the South Kazakh merino. The experience of using "etti merino" rams-producers in farms of Turkestan region showed that meat merino rams have a positive effect on meat productivity of the South Kazakh merino, and at the same time do not worsen their wool characteristics. The information on the population number of sheep of "Etti Merino" breed for 2020, the class composition of the ewes on farms, productivity of rams-producers in a number of generations, assessment of the quality of the offspring of 6-7 month old rams, wool productivity of the breeding groups of female sheep are presented.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING GREEN ALGAE AS FERTILIZER IN AGRICULTURE
Authors: Tleukeyeva A.Ye. , Alibayev N.N. , Pankiewicz R. , Issayeva A. U.
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of algological studies of the Koshkar-ata river and the influence of green microalgae on the physiological development of various agricultural crops. Modern technologies for the production of agricultural products, based on the widespread use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers, made it possible to largely solve the problem of providing the population with food, and at the same time gave rise to multiple environmental, medical and environmental problems, problems of ecologically clean and biologically valuable food products, land rehabilitation, restoration their fertility, etc. Therefore, the emergence of new classes of pesticides with different mechanisms of action, high selectivity and low toxicity for warm-blooded animals is very modern. Currently, the development and application of new plant protection products that are not toxic to humans and animals is of global importance. Priority is given to research aimed at creating plant protection products based on microorganisms and their metabolites, as well as searching for plant substances with potential pesticidal activity. In this regard, the question arose of finding new safe fertilizers that could also be economically viable for production on an industrial scale. One of the current trends in this industry is the use of green microalgae. It was found that the use of a suspension of microalgae on various agricultural crops increased the yield of winter wheat by 30%, beans by 28%, mung bean by 15%. Thus, the use of a suspension of green algae in agriculture saves on the use of fertilizers, due to a one-time application of the crop to the soil. Moreover, seed treatment with a suspension of green microalgae protects against decay. The main economic effect is achieved by increasing the yield by 20-25%.
STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL AND DESTRUCTIVE ACTIVITY OF HETEROTROPHIC MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM SOIL SAMPLES CONTAMINATED WITH PESTICIDES
Authors: Abdieva G. Zh. , Ualieva P.S. , Malik A.M. , Abylaeva U. A. , Rakhymzhanova B. E.
Published: February 2021

The article studied the biological properties, destructive activity of microorganisms extracted from soil samples of Kyzylkairat, Belbulak contaminated with pesticides and showed the features of their use in soil bioremediation. The morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical properties of microorganisms extracted from soil samples contaminated with pesticides have been studied. Strains of K2, K3, KC1, CK2, AK1 and AK5 exhibited high activity based on biological properties. The isolated strains have been studied for destructive activity, among which four strains have been selected and recommended for identification: Pseudomonas plecoglossicida K2, Bacillus aryabhattai K3, Solibacillus isronensis KC1 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CK2. Among the selected strains, Solibacillus isronensis KC1 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CK2 exhibited high growth in an environment with different concentrations of pesticides. Further study of these strains will enable their use in biotechnological processes, in the decomposition of pesticides and in soil bioremediation.
BODY IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS OF PREGNANT AND NEWLY-CALVED COWS
Authors: Semenov V.G. , Tyurin V.G. , Baimukanov D.A. , Simurzina E.P. , Kondruchina S.G. , Semenov A.A. , Iskhan K.Zh.
Published: February 2021

The research was performed to identify the most effective bio immunostimulant. We used PS-2 and Prevention-N-E biologicals developed on the basis of the Chuvash State Agrarian University, as well as widely used in veterinary practice - PDE and E-selenium. Injection of PS-2 and Prevention-NE preparations to dry cows at a dose of 10.0 ml three times 45-40, 25-20 and 15-10 days before calving, as well as PDE and E-selenium at a dose of 20.0 and 10.0 ml 20 days before calving, respectively, prevents postpartum diseases. The mechanism of action of the PS-2 and Prevention-N-E drugs developed and tested by us is manifested, first of all, due to the consecutive processes of macrophage activation, as a result of the action of polysaccharide corpuscles and drug components on macrophage receptors. Secondly, information from the receptors of macrophages and chemoreceptors is transmitted along the afferent pathway to the cerebral cortex, then the signals go to the hypothalamus, which leads to liberin secretion by the nuclei of the ashen tuber of the hypothalamus. Liberins, in turn, increase the release of hormones by the anterior pituitary gland - the adenohypophysis. The anterior pituitary gland releases tropic hormones: somatotropic hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, etc. These hormones are involved in metabolic processes in the body. Under the influence of preparations, in cows the time of membranes sweep was reduced, the risk of uterus subinvolution and endometritis decreased. In cows, the timing of the onset of estrus, the insemination rate, and the service period were shortened, and the conception rate increased in one estrus. In such a way, against the background of the use of biologicals with the help of nonspecific adaptive reactions, the body retains the relative constancy of the internal environment necessary for life - homeostasis, and it actively resists the adverse effects of the external environment, increasing its phylactic power. Consequently, new opportunities are opening up for the implementation of the reproductive and productive qualities of cattle due to the body immunoprophylaxis with complex biological products of a new generation.
GRAFTING A CUCUMBER HYBRID ON PUMPKIN ROOTSTOCKS RESISTANT TO THE PATHOGEN FUSARIUM
Authors: Shoibekova A. Zh. , Dzhantassov S.K.
Published: February 2021

Grafting of five varieties of pumpkin on a cucumber hybrid was carried out by the method of notch grafting. As rootstocks used the following varieties of pumpkin: domestic – Aphrodite, Mindalnaya, Karina, Mozo-leevskaya 10 and Russian selection – Stofuntovaya and as the scion, a hybrid of cucumber Asylum, recommended for cultivation in protected ground conditions. The research topic is devoted to the study of the influence of pumpkin rootstocks resistant to the Fusarium pathogen on the productivity of the cucumber hybrid in protected ground conditions. Results of studies of the effect of vaccination on various domestic varieties of pumpkin for the growth, development and yield of the hybrid cucumber Asylum showed that when grafting cucumber on pumpkin, the best options compared to the root standard were the varieties of pumpkin Karina and Stofuntovaya.
Identifikasi Kematangan Cabai Menggunakan Operasi Morfologi (Opening dan Closing) dan Metode Backpropagation
Authors: Khairullah Khairullah , Putra Erwin Dwika
Published: February 2021

AbstrakIdentifikasi kualitas buah cabai biasanya masih menggunakan cara visual secara langsung atau sortir secara manual oleh petani, dengan menggunakan sistem ini sering kali terjadi beberapa kesalahan setiap melakukan sortir yang disebabkan oleh petani yang melakukan sortir merasa terlalu lelah. Dengan menggunakan komputasi pengolahan citra digital, untuk melakukan identifikasi pengelompokan buah cabai yang matang dan mentah dapat membantu para petani, Teknik pengelompokan ini akan menggunakan metode pengelompokan berdasarkan warna. Metode pengelompokan tersebut sebelumnya akan dilakukan operasi morfologi pada citra yang telah diambil. Pendekatan operasi morfologi pada penelitian ini adalah Opening and Closing, pada operasi morfologi akan menghilangkan noise dan menebalkan objek dari inputan gambar. Metode Bacpropagatioan akan mengolah data latih sebanyak 10 data latih mendapatkan 6 iterasi perhitungan dan setelah diuji menggunakan data uji hasil yang didapatkan yaitu tingkat pengenalan rata-rat mendapatkan perhitungan sebanyak 7 iterasi metode Bacpropagation. Hasil dari penelitian ini juga dihitung menggunakan Confusion Matrix dimana nilai Precision 90%, Recall 74%, dan Accuracy 70%, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Operasi Morfologi dan Metode Backpropagation dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi objek cabai.Kata Kunci: backpropagation, morfologi, identifikasi, opening and closing  AbstractIdentification of the quality of chili fruit is usually still using a visual way directly or sorting manually by farmers, using this system often occurs several errors, every sorting caused by farmers who do the sorting feel too tired. By using digital image processing computing, to identify the grouping of ripe and raw chili fruits can help farmers, this grouping technique will use a method of grouping based on color. The grouping method will previously perform morphological surgery on the image that has been taken. The morphological operation approach in this study is Opening and Closing, in morphological operations will eliminate noise and thicken objects from image input. Bacpropagatioan method will process training data as much as 10 training data get 6 iterations of calculations and after being tested using the test data obtained results that is the level of introduction of the average rat get a calculation of 7 iterations bacpropagation method. The results of this study were also calculated using Confusion Matrix where precision values of 90%, Recall 74%, and Accuracy 70%, it can be concluded that Morphological Operations and Backpropagation Method can be used to identify chili objects.Keywords: backpropagation, morfologi, identification, opening and closing
Diversity and Habitat Use of Terrestrial Mammals in the Area Proposed for Water Resource Development in Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand
Authors:   Ecoliteracy and Conservation in Action Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, Kolasartsanee Intanon
Published: February 2021

The Khlong Ta Liu dam construction plan was re-proposed to be constructed in the forest area of Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Sanctuary in the Ta-riu tributary without a biodiversity impact assessment. Five camera traps were mounted at the hotspot points for terrestrial mammals next to the main trail for 376 trap nights from the forest edge to the forest interior. Fifteen species of terrestrial mammals were found. Two species found were categorized as having endangered status, while seven have vulnerable status. Grazers and browsers, i.e., Sambar, Gaur, Northern Red Muntjac, and Asian Elephant were mostlydetected at the forest edge, while omnivores and frugivores, i.e., Wild Boar,Greater Hog Badger, and Northern Pig-tailed Macaque were largely detected inthe forest interior. Dhole should be a carnivore species specific to the forestedge while Clouded Leopard should be in the forest interior. The NormalizedDifference Vegetation Index (NDVI) may relate to species of terrestrialmammals detected at each habitat. Among the five habitats, three would bedestroyed upon construction of the dam, including the habitat with the highestdiversity of terrestrial mammals. The habitat that would likely be least impactedhad the lowest species richness of terrestrial mammals.
TO COMPARE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NEBULISATION WITH ADRENALINE, 3% HYPERTONIC SALINE AND NORMAL SALINE IN BRONCHIOLITIS IN CHILDREN OF 2 TO 24 MONTHS OF AGE BASED ON CLINICAL SEVERITY SCORE AND NEBULISATION FREQUENCY.
Authors: Jain Priyanka , Jain Rakesh
Published: February 2021

Background & Method: We conducted a double blinded study at Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore. The sample size was determined to be minimum of 120 cases as based upon previous years admission due to acute bronchiolitis. Initially, 146 cases were included in the study out of which 23 cases dropped out of the study after giving consent by guardian for participation in the study as they left against medical advice from the hospital.

Result: The mean difference of CSS between 0 minutes to 60 minutes of nebulisation between groups in all cases was 0.4 ± 0.6, between 60 minutes and 4 hours was 0.8 ± 0.6, between 4 to 8 hours was 0.7 ± 0.6, between 8-12 hours was 0.6 ± 0.4, between 12-24 hours was 1.6 ± 0.9 and between 24-48 hours was 1.9 ± 0.9.The mean values and resultant p-value of ANOVA of various nebulising agents used for improvement in CSS shows significant association between various nebulising agents used along with improvement in CSS at the end of assessment at 48 hours of treatment.

Conclusion: This study was conducted to establish the efficacy of each nebulisation agent (i.e.  adrenaline, 3% hypertonic saline and normal saline) currently used and compare the outcomes as there is not enough evidence amongst Indian population on level of efficacy of each drug in causing improvement in symptoms and signs in various severities of bronchiolitis in early childhood. Comparison of significant improvement in mean difference in CSS at various intervals in all cases compared between groups by post hoc test revealed non-significant difference (p-value 0.700) between 3% hypertonic saline and normal saline.

Keywords: nebulisation, adrenaline, bronchiolitis & clinical.
IS UMBILICAL TUBE TECHNIQUE THE BEST METHOD TO GAIN INTRAPERITONEAL ACCESS? A PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 1532 CASES
Authors: Shrivastava Apoorv
Published: February 2021

Background: Intraperitoneal access in laparoscopic surgery is the first and most important step to start a procedure. Many methods have been described in literature for the same. We share our experience of umbilical tube technique using a vertical infra umbilical or supra umbilical incision for the better cosmetic result.

Methods: This study is a retrospective study of laparoscopy performed for various indications. Umbilical tube technique was performed. In 1532 cases performed from July2016to January 2019. A vertical incision was used instead of a commonly performed curve incision to access the umbilical tube. A vertical incision is again taken after exposing the junction of rectus sheath and umbilical tube. Vertical incision is again taken over the tube to gain access to peritoneal cavity. The closure is done in a similar way with skin closed in subcuticular fashion. No Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was required for this paper.

Result: The technique is found to be safe, can be performed with technical ease as anatomy is well defined, good cosmesis is achieved. The longest follow up is for a period of one year. No incidence of port site hernia or infection was seen.

Conclusion: The umbilical tube technique using a vertical incision is found to be safe and effective, can be reproduced with technical ease. In our opinion this method can be considered as a standard approach to intraperitoneal access.

Keywords: umbilical tube, intraperitoneal access, port site infection, port site hernia. Laparoscopy.
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF PLATELET RICH PLASMA INJECTION IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS
Authors: Rathore Jitendra Singh , Bhati Lokpal Singh , Rathore Devendra Singh
Published: February 2021

Background: To study the platelet rich plasma injection in patients of chronic lateral epicondylitis

Methods: This study was carried out prospectively on patients age of 18-70 years of both male and female gender suffering from lateral epicondylitis.

Results: In this study we found that before injection almost patients had their VAS score were 8-10. None of the patients has been improved their VAS score to 0 at the 4th week 10.00% patients have been improved their VAS score 0 at the 4th month follow-up.

Conclusion: We conclude that PRP injection significantly decrease pain and increased elbow performance at 6 months follow-up

Keywords: PRP, Elbow, Modality
DEVELOPMENT, FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MECLOFENAMATE FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS
Authors: Shakkarwal Mahipal , Sharma Dr. Mukesh , Garg Dr. Ram , Soni Shankar Lal , Paswan Gopal Kumar , Naryan Umansh
Published: February 2021

The demands for fast dissolving tablets have received ever increasing day by day during the last 10-15 years for the onset of action. In the present study, the effect of superdisintegrant was compared with synthetic super disintegrants and other conventional super disintegrants in the of fast dissolving tablet formulation of Meclofenamate.

Meclofenamate is an antihypertensive drug and in case of hypertension immediate treatment is required so the proposed investigation is totally based to provide the suitable treatment for hypertension.

In the present work 9 formulations of Fast dissolving tablets of Cilnidipine were prepared by using Synthesized Co-proceed was evaluated and compiles with the official standards, parameters and specifications.

Various formulations were prepared using four different superdisintegrant namely- kyron T-304, sodium starch glycolate, cross carmelose sodium with three concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%) by direct compression method.

The blend was evaluated for pre-compression parameters like Angle of repose , bulk density , tapped density , and then tablet  evaluated post-compression parameters like thickness , drug content , hardness , weight variation  , wetting time , friability , disintegration time , dissolution time, drug release study.

Formulation A8 showed the lowest disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution studies recorded that formulation A8 showed 98.64% drug release at the end of 3 minutes.

The best formulations were also found to be stable and optimized formulations were subjected to the stability studies as per ICH guideline and standards.
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON NANOCAPSULE: A NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM.
Authors: Karnakar Bantu , Arvapalli Swarupa , Jabeen Syeda , A. Vaishnvi  , Ps.Rishika  , Sharma J.V.C.
Published: February 2021

Nanocapsules, existing in miniscule size,  which range from 10 nm to 1000 nm. They consist of a liquid/solid core in which the drug is placed into a cavity, which is surrounded by a distinctive polymer membrane made up of natural or synthetic polymers. They have great interest of attraction because of the protective coating, which are usually Pyrophoric and easily oxidized and delay the release of active ingredients.Various technical approaches are utilized for obtaining the Nanocapsules however, the methods of interfacial polymerization for monomer and the Nano deposition for preformed polymer are chiefly preferred. Most important characteristics in their preparation is particle size and size distribution which can be evaluated by using various techniques like X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, superconducting quantum interference device, multi angle laser light scattering and other spectroscopic techniques.Nanocapsules possessing extremely high reproducibility have a broad range of life science applications. They may be applied in agrochemicals, genetic engineering, cosmetics, cleansing products, wastewater treatments, adhesive component applications, strategic delivery of the drug in tumors, nanocapsule bandages to fight infection, in radiotherapy and as liposomal nanocapsules in food science and agriculture.The enhanced delivery of bio-active molecules through the targeted delivery by means of a nanocapsule opens numerous challenges and opportunities for the research and future development of novel improved therapies.
Evaluasi Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Unit Gawat Darurat
Authors: Rosita Riska
Published: February 2021

The emergency service indicator is one of the determinants of hospital quality in terms of medical, economic, and management aspects. Every hospital is required to have an emergency service facility that serves 24 hours. The general objective of this study is to calculate and analyze the emergency room service visits per triwulan at Karanganyar District Hospital. The type of research used in this research is descriptive, with observation and interview methods, through a retrospective approach. The sample in this study is the same as the population, namely the results of monthly recapitulation of emergency patient visits. The results showed that in Karanganyar District Hospital based on four indicators, the average emergency room patients tended to increase per day, the ratio of emergency patients to nurses tended to increase, the ratio of patients referred to the number of emergency patients decreased, and the average patient died in the emergency department. tends to decline. The conclusion of this study is that all indicators of emergency services at Karanganyar District Hospital are ideal. So the authors suggest that RSUD Karanganyar Regency routinely makes reports based on indicators of emergency patient visits as material for evaluating and planning the quality of the hospital.