bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scientific Discourse: Evolution of Theoretical and Methodological Approaches and Concepts
Authors: Mironova M. Yu.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The article presents the results of an analytical review of scientific papers reflecting the stages of formation and development of the theory of scientific discourse in Russian linguistics. The purpose of the article is to systematize and critically analyze approaches, concepts and methodological principles of the study of scientific communication in the aspect of its communicative-pragmatic, genre-stylistic, linguocognitive and linguocultural specifics.

Methodology and sources. The paper is based on theoretical concepts in the field of discourse analysis, considering discourse as a type of social practice, as a methodology of corpus linguistics using software tools and quantitative methods to extract language structures from large arrays of texts. An overview of the existing empirical research base is given.

Results and discussion. As a result of the review study, the evolution of approaches to scientific discourse is characterized, their chronological framework is determined, key concepts that influenced the modern understanding of scientific communication are identified (genre-stylistic, sociocultural, cognitive, linguocultural, pragmalinguistic, communicative-pragmatic approaches), modern interpretations of scientific discourse are analyzed and prospects for further research are outlined. It is shown that in the study of scientific discourse, the corpus methodology is today in demand and is used in its synchronic and diachronic description. The diachronic development of the English-language scientific discourse by the example of a scientific article genre is an extremely interesting issue, which, according to our data, has not been thoroughly studied before. That is why our further works will be devoted to its consideration.

Conclusion. It is shown that despite the long and intensive study of scientific discourse in the scientific literature there is an insufficient number of works highlighting the trends in the development of scientific communication genres, which demonstrate a certain historical dynamics and changes in the collective consciousness. It is concluded that the discursivecorpus approach to the study of scientific discourse and the methods of corpus linguistics make it possible to objectively identify and describe dynamic processes in the field of written scientific communication caused by changing ways of knowledge transfer under the influence of changes in the socio-cultural context and intensive development of science.
Linguistic and Cultural Component in Pandemic Coronavirus Discourse (German Humorous Texts and Metaphors)
Authors: Trofimova N. A. , Manukyan Ya. A.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. This article is devoted to the linguocultural study of humorous texts/metaphors which appeared in German during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the previously unexplored study of the linguocultural specificity of German-language humour in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The relevance of the research is due to the interest of modern linguistics in the study of national specificity of humour.

Methodology and sources. The research is conducted within the framework of the linguocultural approach using descriptive, comparative and interpretative analysis methods. The illustrative material is described and interpreted as a product of an individual's speech self-expression, marking and evaluating himself and what is happening within the boundaries of his (ethno)culture.

Results and discussion. The main thematic dominant theme in the COVID-19 pandemic discourse is “us and them in the context of the new reality”. The study showed: the pandemic discourse is characterised by expressiveness and axiology, irony and self-irony, stereotyping and interpretation of self and self through the prism of others. Pandemic / self-isolation → stress → carnivalisation of consciousness represent the average German as a person who overcomes reality and evaluates it on the basis of ethno-cultural ideas about norms and patterns of behaviour in certain circumstances (the concept Ordnung). Some contexts illustrate an ironic reinterpretation of the concept of Sicherheit.

Conclusion. The representation of reality is constructed on the basis of mentality and national stereotypes; within German culture, the contexts reveal a cultural distinction and, on the level of ethno-cultural comparison, a contradiction of cultural codes.
The Problem of the Actual Infinity and the Path of the New European Classical Epistemology: from Genesis to the Modern Crisis
Authors: Philatova M. I.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The purpose of the paper is to show the prospects of the problem of actual infinity for understanding the ways of New European classical epistemology. The relevance of the work is due to the need to fill a gap in the history of New European epistemology, which today makes it difficult to understand the essence of its crisis. Such a lacuna was formed by the lack of grounds for the transition from the probabilistic concept of natural science, which takes into account apophaticism associated with the idea of actual infinity, to positive science, which presupposes a positive understanding of actual infinity.

Methodology and sources. The author of the paper reconstructs and critically analyzes the attempts of the founders of New European science (Galileo and Descartes) to reform the ontological project of Nikolai Kuzansky due to the need for a positive understanding of the actual infinity. The author distinguishes between the reception of the problem of actual infinity in the New European philosophy and its objective state. Based on a comparative analysis, the author of the article establishes the identity of the logic of the development of the problem of actual infinity in the studies of Zeno of Elea and in New European epistemology, thereby testifying to its enduring significance.

Results and discussion. The author shows that in the development of the problem of actual infinity, an objective regularity manifests itself, consisting in the fact that an unjustified assumption of the possibility of changing physical nature on the basis of the actual infinite really leads to a change in nature, but only the basis for this change is not actual, but potential infinity. This logic was reproduced in the history of New European epistemology. Thereby, mathematical natural science really turned out to be possible, but not on what its creators put in the basis (actual infinity), but on a derivative of it (potential infinity), and as a result it strengthens the position of supporters of non-classics.

Conclusion. The problem of actual infinity makes it possible to understand the logic of the development of New European epistemology from its genesis to the modern crisis, and shows a deep interconnection between these two points.
Crónica para jaibas y cangrejos, novela de Dalton Osorno
Authors: Báez Meza Marcelo
Published: April 2023

Crónica para jaibas y cangrejos, novela de Dalton Osorno
Voz institucional y voces clandestinas en La ciudad ausente y “La loca y el relato del crimen”, de Ricardo Piglia
Authors: Bombachi Tomás Salvador
Published: April 2023

A partir de la novela La ciudad ausente (1992) y el cuento “La loca y el relato del crimen” (1975), Ricardo Piglia organiza un espacio estructurado por distintas voces: las voces institucionales (el discurso policial, médico y jurídico), las cuales entran en tensión con las voces adyacentes y periféricas (de gauchos, inventores, locas y periodistas). Aquellas voces adquieren una corporalidad en las distintas máquinas de narrar, como la grabadora, el teléfono y el casete. Literatura y medios. El estudio de la voz (una voz que se simula en el texto) en ambas narraciones de Piglia es permeable a distintos discursos filosóficos y psicológicos. ¿Qué sucedería si los flujos de información (lo dicho) no pudiesen ser controlados, codificados y, por ende, reterritorializados, es decir, vueltos a poner en un lugar, rotularlos como, por ejemplo, lícitos o ilícitos? El objetivo del trabajo es analizar las voces presentes en los textos literarios y la dinámica de control, censura y autoridad que las teje, desde donde se propone pensar y trabajar la hipótesis de que Piglia construye a Junior y Renzi, personajes medulares de los textos, como oyentes atentos.
Tecnologías de poder y expresionismo: leyendo a Demetrio Aguilera Malta en clave de ciencia ficción
Authors: Rodrigo-Mendizábal Iván Fernando
Published: April 2023

Partiendo de la idea de que toda tecnología de poder, según Michel Foucault, determina la conducta de los individuos, objetivándolos, y considerando, además, la postura que el escritor ecuatoriano Demetrio Aguilera Malta adopta en el contexto del expresionismo, una estética que expone y apela a lo sensible en conflicto con lo que vive el ser ante su deshumanización, en este artículo se analiza un grupo de sus obras desde la perspectiva de la ciencia ficción. En efecto, Aguilera Malta es un autor que, hibridando los géneros narrativos, es quien se aventura a introducir elementos de la ciencia ficción en determinadas obras, unas teatrales y otras novelescas, con la finalidad de exponer sus preocupaciones sobre la mitad de siglo, cuando el ser humano ha sido testigo de la degradación tecnocientífica cuyo punto culminante es la detonación de la bomba atómica. El artículo sitúa el discurso pesimista o desencantado de Todos los átomos (1955), de Muerte S.A. (1970) e Infierno negro (1970), como fundantes del teatro de ciencia ficción ecuatoriano; y los contrasta con las novelas El secuestro del general (1973) y Réquiem para el diablo (1978), las cuales denotan su preocupación sobre cómo las tecnologías de poder sirven para sojuzgar.
Ayllu: tensiones en la literatura y la política en los Andes
Authors: Aguirre-Maier Betty
Published: April 2023

Este ensayo explora el concepto andino de ayllu, su importancia, función y evolución en el campo de la literatura, la cultura, la política, la antropología y la sociología. El escritor Inca Garcilaso de la Vega nos da una clara idea del significado de este concepto enComentarios reales (1609) como filosofía comunitaria y la importancia que tuvo en el período de la conquista. No obstante, este estudio busca ampliar el conocimiento que tenemos hasta ahora de este concepto y generar una discusión que amplíe el conceptomás allá del campo de la etnografía o la antropología. El concepto de ayllu ha tocado todos los espacios de la vida de los pueblos originarios en los Andes, especialmente en Ecuador, Bolivia y Perú, y se lo ha visto representado en la literatura indigenista que, además, impulsó el Primer Congreso Indigenista Interamericano en 1940, políticas públicas educativas, culturales, de salud, etc., en todos los países involucrados, y ha sido también el eje de políticas gubernamentales como el sumak kawsay en Ecuador y el sumaq qamaña en Bolivia. Hoy, el concepto ayllu continúa generando discusiones en torno a la cultura, la política y la educación, por lo que es un tema que debe ser de permanente análisis en el espacio académico y cultural.
Scientific and traditional knowledge meet: diet of the lowland tapir Tapirus terrestris in the Orinoquia region of Colombia
Authors: Alviz A. , González-González P. , Pérez–Torres J.
Published: April 2023

The lowland tapir Tapirus terrestris is the second largest mammal in South America. It occupies a wide variety of ecosystems where it fulfills key functional roles. It is mainly folivorous, supplementing its diet with fruits, insects, and aquatic invertebrates. The lowland tapir is considered fundamental in shaping forest undergrowth and in seed dispersal processes. Despite its functional importance, ecological aspects related to diet, habitat use, and food preferences are still unknown in much of its geographic range. Currently, these aspects in the Colombian Orinoquia are unknown. We wanted to develop an approximation to the diet of the lowland tapir in the Colombian Orinoquia based on analysis of fecal samples and traditional knowledge derived from citizen science monitoring. Fecal samples were collected between October 2015 and July 2018 and vegetation monitoring and interviews with local communities were implemented. We recorded a total of 37 species of plants, 23 species of which were determined through traditional knowledge. The most representative species in fecal samples were Rudgea crassiloba, Attalea butyracea, Inga alba and Cecropia peltata. The plants most commonly recognized by local communities were Mauritia flexuosa, A. butyracea, Bellucia grossularioides and I. alba. Our results provide insight into the importance of tapirs in the consumption of large seeds such as M. flexuosa and A. butyracea that are considered of economic relevance for local communities. Incorporating citizen science monitoring allowed us to identify plant species that are taxonomically difficult to distinguish and to evaluate new information related to the natural history of cryptic species such as tapirs. This information is crucial to establish conservation strategies for the lowland tapir in the Orinoquia region of Colombia.
Diagnóstico desafiante de un edema asimétrico de miembros inferiores
Authors: Maciel Catarina , Augusto Daniela , Queirós Rita , Reis João , Subtil Paulo
Published: April 2023

El edema periférico es una manifestación clínica común, frecuentemente de etiología multifactorial. Puede presentarse de forma uni o bilateral, pudiendo ser la clave diagnóstica de patologías sistémicas o locales. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer de 79 años, que acude al servicio de urgencias por tumefacción asimétrica del miembro inferior derecho, con limitación funcional; sin otra sintomatología asociada. Tras excluir las causas más frecuentes, se constató la existencia de un quiste sinovial de la articulación coxofemoral, una causa atípica del edema.
Perforación gástrica secundaria a candidiasis invasora
Authors: Afonso-Díaz Andrea , Gutiérrez-de León Miguel , Esquirol-Puig Xavier
Published: April 2023

Se presenta el caso de un paciente que sufre una perforación por necrosis de la pared gástrica debido a cándida albicans invasiva con shock séptico abdominal secundario a la misma. Se trata de un paciente de mediana edad inmunocompetente con patología gastrointestinal de base. Se inicia antibioterapia empírica de amplio espectro y soporte vasoactivo en la UCI llegando a requerir laparotomía diagnóstico-terapéutica. En las muestras recogidas y analizadas por Anatomía Patológica y microbiología se evidencia la presencia de este hongo. Durante el ingreso se descartan factores de riesgo para dicha entidad infecciosa y finalmente el paciente evoluciona favorablemente. Existen diferentes mecanismos por los que la Candida spp. puede llegar a ser un germen oportunista. Estos dependen principalmente de los factores condicionantes y comorbilidad del huésped y a los mecanismos y características intrínsecas del germen que aumentan su patogenicidad. La candidiasis gástrica invasora es muy inusual y puede presentarse de forma nodular o ulcerosa. El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento específico con antifúngicos proporcionan una reducción de la mortalidad. Es importante tener en cuenta esta entidad en pacientes con perforación gástrica sin clara causa desencadenante y si existe una mala evolución clínica con tratamiento antibiótico.dicha entidad infecciosa y finalmente el paciente evoluciona favorablemente. Existen diferentes mecanismos por los que la Candida spp. puede llegar a ser un germen oportunista. Estos dependen principalmente de los factores condicionantes y comorbilidad del huésped y a los mecanismos y características intrínsecas del germen que aumentan su patogenicidad. La candidiasis gástrica invasora es muy inusual y puede presentarse de forma nodular o ulcerosa. El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento específico con antifúngicos proporcionan una reducción de la mortalidad. Es importante tener en cuenta esta entidad en pacientes con perforación gástrica sin clara causa desencadenante y si existe una mala evolución clínica con tratamiento antibiótico.
Repeated evolution of extreme locomotor performance independent of changes in extended phenotype use in spiders
Authors: Kelly Michael , Khan Kawsar , Wierucka Kaja , Jones Braxton , Shofner Ryan , Derkarabetian Shahan , Wolff Jonas
Published: April 2023

Many animals utilize self-built structures – so-called extended phenotypes – to enhance body functions, such as thermoregulation, prey capture or defence. Yet, it is unclear whether the evolution of animal constructions supplements or substitutes body functions. Here, using Austral brown spiders, we explored if the evolutionary loss and gain of silken webs as extended prey capture devices correlates with alterations in traits known to play an important role in predatory strikes - locomotor performance and leg spination. For this purpose, we combined the reconstruction of the phylogeny of the Austral marronoid clade of spiders based on UCE target sequence capture with the assembly of kinematic, morphological and ecological data. We found that in this group extreme locomotor performance, with running speeds of over 100 body lengths per second, evolved repeatedly – both in web builders and cursorial spiders. There was no correlation with running speed, and leg spination only poorly correlated, relative to the use of extended phenotypes, with all of these traits showing highly mosaic, independent evolutionary patterns. This indicates that the use of webs does not reduce the selective pressure on body functions involved in prey capture and defence per se.
Economic analysis: prospects of development in the conditions of digitalization of economy
Authors: Synkevych Nadia , Krause Olga
Published: April 2023

The article reviews the main directions of development of the national school of economic analysis. The essence, types, purpose and principles of economic analysis are revealed. It has been established that the main purpose of economic analysis is the identification of the laws and of economic processes, determination of factors of influence on efficiency of activity of the economic entity, defining the priority directions of development. The main types of economic analysis should include: operational, strategic, functional-accident, diagnostic, investment, innovative, marketing and analysis of own financial condition and financial condition of business partners. To ensure the efficiency and reliability of economic analysis promotes adherence to such principles as: science, system, complexity, periodicity, reliability, efficiency, effectiveness, effectiveness and dynamism. At the current stage of development of economic analysis, there is a steady trend towards the use of innovative software products to improve its quality and efficiency. The following main groups of software tools are intended for the digitalization of economic analysis: digitalization tools for financial analysis, digitalization tools for internal analysis of business activities, digitalization tools for investment project analysis, and intelligent analytical systems. Economic analysis software has certain specifics due to the high concentration of analytical procedures and the diversity of forms and content of the resulting data. A study of the experience of business entities in the use of economic analysis software shows that today most enterprises use universal tools due to their easy adaptation, such software products include Microsoft Excel, Financial Analysis, INEC-Analyst, INEC-Investor, INEC-AFSP software package, FinExpert, Audit Expert, Sales Expert, MARKETING Analysis, Financial Analysis, Project Expert, Prime Expert, NIKOS-Soft, and the NS2000 Corporate Information System. These software programs contain a wide range of universal tools designed to analyze the company's business activities and business processes. The analysis of these software products shows that they are not able to fully meet the requirements of modern business, ensure the proper level of quality and efficiency of analysis, and consistency of information between different structural units. In the context of dynamic market development, the determining factor of success is the prompt provision of high-quality and reliable information to the participants of the management process. The modern market is represented by a significant number of innovative software products designed for a single company management system, such software can significantly improve the quality and efficiency of economic analysis and the consistency of information flows between the enterprise's departments. The functionality of such software products as: «SAP ERP», «Oracle ERP», «BAS ERP», «1C: ERP Manufacturing Enterprise Management», «Galaxy ERP».
The model of the impact of self-management on company performance efficiency
Authors: Semenenko Yurii
Published: April 2023

The article explores methods for assessing a company's performance and describes the impact of external and internal factors and methods for measuring them. The concept of self-management, self-management factors, and a model of the impact of self-management on company performance are described. Given the realities of today's highly competitive and constantly changing market, companies are forced to seek competitive advantages such as better quality, marketing strategy, customer service level, etc. Considering the pace of market development, an important competitive advantage can be the improvement of internal efficiency in the middle of the company and the optimization of business processes. By improving the quality of internal business processes, companies gain an advantage in terms of quality, speed of customer service, etc. The article describes the internal and external factors that affect the efficiency of the company. Internal factors include factors that arise within the company, and external factors include factors that the company has no direct influence on, but must take them into account when conducting business. During the construction of the model, both external and internal factors were taken into account. The model describes the influence of all external and internal factors. The concept of self-management, its main components and the influence of self-management on the company's performance are also described. Given the high level of digitization in modern conditions, self-management and management in general should be completed using modern means. The proposal model describes the effectiveness of the company's activities by selected divisions, the influence of external and internal factors, as well as the influence of self-management, which is implemented with the help of modern software tools. We can note that the implementation of a mobile application for self-management, which will be integrated into the general management system of the company, will help to level internal factors and reduce the influence of external factors, as well as increase the efficiency of the company's activities to improve the efficiency of internal business processes.
Information technologies as a mean of modernization of tour operating and innovative development of the hotel and restaurant business
Authors: Humeniuk Volodymyr , Kaziuka Nataliia , Sheketa Yevheniia , Semyrga Liudmyla
Published: April 2023

The article examines the essence of information systems and technologies in the field of hotel and restaurant industry. The need to integrate software into the work of hotel complexes and restaurants as a basis for the formation and strengthening of competitive advantages for business entities in the rapidly growing market of tourist services is substantiated. Among the information systems and technologies that can be effectively used in the field of organization of the hotel and restaurant business, immersive technologies are defined as a way of full or partial immersion in the virtual world, the use of various types of virtual and mixed reality (augmented reality; visualization technology; virtual reality; mixed reality; 360-photo, video content). Information and communication facilities, components and tools are described, which enable the storage, access, monitoring, manipulation, processing and transmission of information in digital form from one place to another. The expediency of using immersive technologies as a way of full or partial immersion in the virtual world, the use of various types of virtual and mixed reality is defined and substantiated. The specifics of the use of the Customer Relationship Management System (CRM) in the hotel and restaurant business as an extremely effective strategy for business organization, in which customer relations are central to its activities, since customers are the main asset, are characterized. It is proved that an ideal CRM system should include a database on prices and service packages, information on the competitive situation and the current state of the market, a system for planning and monitoring activities, a system for collecting and managing contacts and signed contracts; facilitate the implementation of market segmentation and target audience, planning marketing campaigns, conducting marketing research and evaluating their real results. The prospects for the development of virtual and mixed reality in the hotel and restaurant industry until 2025 are described. The use of information and communication technologies at temporary accommodation enterprises is analysed in Ukraine in general and Ivano-Frankivsk region in particular.
BALANCED SCORE CARD (BSC). ¿UNA HERRAMIENTA INNOVATIVA PARA LAS PyMES MEXICANAS?
Authors: Almazán Morales Javier Lucio , Méndez Salvatorio Adrián , Lee Kim Hyun Sook
Published: April 2023

Las PYMES son un motor importante en la economía mexicana pero casi la mitad de ellas fracasan antes de los dos años de vida por varias razones, especialmente debido a una deficiente administración. Los autores dan a conocer que algunas PYMES mexicanas ya están implementando Balanced Score Card (BSC) con resultados positivos, de acuerdo a una investigación primaria realizada; y recomiendan la aplicación de la misma a las demás PYMES mexicanas como una herramienta innovativa con el fin de evitar posibles fracasos. Mientras tanto, el BSC puede requerir algunos cambios importantes en la cultura dentro de la empresa y requiere de la comp­rensión, el compromiso y el apoyo desde la parte superior de la empresa (Chavan, 2009: 393-406), y debe hacerse una planeación cuidadosa para asegurar los objetivos estratégicos de la empresa (Majidul, 2010).
Đánh giá quảng cáo trên tiktok: tiếp cận mô hình SOR
Authors: Trương Thị Hoàng Oanh , Hồ Xuân Hướng , Võ Thanh Trúc
Published: April 2023

Nghiên cứu này xây dựng và kiểm định mô hình nghiên cứu về mối quan hệ giữa sự hiện diện xã hội, sự đắm chìm, gắn kết quảng cáo và đánh giá quảng cáo TikTok dựa trên mô hình Kích thích - Quá trình - Phản hồi. Mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính bình phương nhỏ nhất từng phần với phần mềm SmartPLS được sử dụng. Kết quả phân tích dựa trên 290 mẫu khảo sát tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh đã chỉ ra rằng sự hiện diện xã hội và đắm chìm tác động đáng kể đến gắn kết quảng cáo và sự gắn kết này tác động tích cực đến đánh giá quảng cáo TikTok. Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu cũng đã chỉ ra gắn kết quảng cáo là yếu tố trung gian quan trọng trong mối quan hệ giữa các kích thích quảng cáo như sự hiện diện xã hội, đắm chìm và đánh giá quảng cáo. Kết quả nghiên cứu này có ý nghĩa quan trọng đối với các tổ chức quảng cáo để thu hút và duy trì khách hàng tiềm năng, từ đó, tăng khả năng gắn kết của họ.
Constant Angle Ruled Surfaces in E_{1}^{3}
Authors: HAS Aykut , YILMAZ Beyhan , YAYLI Yusuf
Published: April 2023

In this study, for the first time, a method is given for a developable ruled surface to be a constant angle ruled surface. The general equations of constant angle surfaces have been shown in the studies done so far. In this study, a new method is given on how to obtain a constant angled surface when any constant direction is given in Minkowski $3-$space.
Towards remote clinical outcome measurements in motor neuron disorders
Authors:   , Bakers Japie Nelle Engel
Published: April 2023

Summary was only written in Dutch
HASTA-HEMŞİRE İŞ BİRLİĞİ: KANSER TANISI ALAN BİREYLERİN HEMŞİRE VARLIĞINI ALGILAMA DÜZEYLERİ İLE ÖZ BAKIMDA AKTİFLİK DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: DOĞAN Pınar , TARHAN Merve , KÜRKLÜ Ahu
Published: April 2023

Araştırma, kanser tanısı alan bireylerin hemşire varlığını algılama ile öz bakımda aktiflik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Tanımlayıcı-ilişki arayıcı tasarıma sahip bu araştırma, Ocak-Nisan 2019 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da bir sağlık grubunun hastanelerinde yatarak tedavi alan ve çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 188 birey ile gerçekleştirildi. Bireysel Özellikler Formu, Hemşire Varlığı Ölçeği ve Hasta Aktiflik Düzeyi Ölçüm Aracı ile veriler toplandı. Bireylerin, %25.5’inin meme kanseri olduğu belirlendi. Kanser tanısı alan bireylerin %67,6'sının aktivite açısından Düzey 1'de olduğu saptanmıştır. Hemşirelik bakımından memnuniyet düzeyini, 10 puan olarak değerlendirenlerin Hemşirelik Varlığı Ölçeği sıra ortalaması anlamlı derecede daha yüksek (p<0.001) iken, 6 puan ve altında değerlendirenlerin Hasta Aktiflik Düzeyi Ölçüm Aracı sıra ortalamasının anlamlı derecede daha düşük olduğu saptandı. Hemşirelik Varlığı Ölçeği ile Hasta Aktiflik Düzeyi Ölçüm Aracı sıra ortalamaları arasında anlamlı derecede pozitif yönlü zayıf ilişki bulundu (r=0.309, p<0.001). Araştırmanın sonuçları; kanser hastalarının, hemşirenin varlığını algılama düzeyleri yüksek ve aktiflik düzeyleri düşük olduğunu ve hemşirelik varlığını algılama düzeyi yükseldikçe hasta aktiflik düzeylerinin yükseldiğini göstermektedir.
Effective-mononuclear cell (E-MNC) therapy alleviates salivary gland damage by suppressing lymphocyte infiltration in Sjögren-like disease
Authors: Hasegawa Kayo , Raudales Jorge Luis Montenegro , I Takashi , Yoshida Takako , Honma Ryo , Iwatake Mayumi , Tran Simon D. , Seki Makoto , Asahina Izumi , Sumita Yoshinori
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by salivary gland (SG) destruction leading to loss of secretory function. A hallmark of the disease is the presence of focal lymphocyte infiltration in SGs, which is predominantly composed of T cells. Currently, there are no effective therapies for SS. Recently, we demonstrated that a newly developed therapy using effective-mononuclear cells (E-MNCs) improved the function of radiation-injured SGs due to anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. In this study, we investigated whether E-MNCs could ameliorate disease development in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice as a model for primary SS.

Methods: E-MNCs were obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) cultured for 7 days in serum-free medium supplemented with five specific recombinant proteins (5G culture). The anti-inflammatory characteristics of E-MNCs were then analyzed using a co-culture system with CD3/CD28-stimulated PBMNCs. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of E-MNCs against SS onset, E-MNCs were transplanted into SGs of NOD mice. Subsequently, saliva secretion, histological, and gene expression analyses of harvested SG were performed to investigate if E-MNCs therapy delays disease development.

Results: First, we characterized that both human and mouse E-MNCs exhibited induction of CD11b/CD206-positive cells (M2 macrophages) and that human E-MNCs could inhibit inflammatory gene expressions in CD3/CD28- stimulated PBMNCs. Further analyses revealed that Msr1-and galectin3-positive macrophages (immunomodulatory M2c phenotype) were specifically induced in E-MNCs of both NOD and MHC class I-matched mice. Transplanted E-MNCs induced M2 macrophages and reduced the expression of T cell-derived chemokine-related and inflammatory genes in SG tissue of NOD mice at SS-onset. Then, E-MNCs suppressed the infiltration of CD4-positive T cells and facilitated the maintenance of saliva secretion for up to 12 weeks after E-MNC administration.

Discussion: Thus, the immunomodulatory actions of E-MNCs could be part of a therapeutic strategy targeting the early stage of primary SS.
Analysis of candidate genes for cleft lip ± cleft palate using murine single-cell expression data
Authors: Siewert Anna , Reiz Benedikt , Krug Carina , Heggemann Julia , Mangold Elisabeth , Dickten Henning , Ludwig Kerstin U.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cleft lip ± cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common birth defects. Although research has identified multiple genetic risk loci for different types of CL/P (i.e., syndromic or non-syndromic forms), determining the respective causal genes and understanding the relevant functional networks remain challenging. The recent introduction of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has provided novel opportunities to study gene expression patterns at cellular resolution. The aims of our study were to: (i) aggregate available scRNA-seq data from embryonic mice and provide this as a resource for the craniofacial community; and (ii) demonstrate the value of these data in terms of the investigation of the gene expression patterns of CL/P candidate genes.

Methods and Results: First, two published scRNA-seq data sets from embryonic mice were re-processed, i.e., data representing the murine time period of craniofacial development: (i) facial data from embryonic day (E) E11.5; and (ii) whole embryo data from E9.5–E13.5 from the Mouse Organogenesis Cell Atlas (MOCA). Marker gene expression analyses demonstrated that at E11.5, the facial data were a high-resolution representation of the MOCA data. Using CL/P candidate gene lists, distinct groups of genes with specific expression patterns were identified. Among others we identified that a co-expression network including Irf6, Grhl3 and Tfap2a in the periderm, while it was limited to Irf6 and Tfap2a in palatal epithelia, cells of the ectodermal surface, and basal cells at the fusion zone. The analyses also demonstrated that additional CL/P candidate genes (e.g., Tpm1, Arid3b, Ctnnd1, and Wnt3) were exclusively expressed in Irf6+ facial epithelial cells (i.e., as opposed to Irf6- epithelial cells). The MOCA data set was finally used to investigate differences in expression profiles for candidate genes underlying different types of CL/P. These analyses showed that syndromic CL/P genes (syCL/P) were expressed in significantly more cell types than non-syndromic CL/P candidate genes (nsCL/P).

Discussion: The present study illustrates how scRNA-seq data can empower research on craniofacial development and disease.
Interaction of LARP4 to filamin A mechanosensing domain regulates cell migrations
Authors: Mao Zhenfeng , Nakamura Fumihiko
Published: April 2023

Filamin A (FLNA) is an actin cross-linking protein that mediates mechanotransduction. Force-dependent conformational changes of FLNA molecule expose cryptic binding site of FLNA, allowing interaction with partners such as integrin, smoothelin, and fimbacin. Here, we identified La-related protein 4 (LARP4) as a new FLNA mechanobinding partner. LARP4 specifically interacts with the cleft formed by C and D strands of immunoglobulin-like repeat 21 (R21) which is blocked by A strand of R20 without force. We validated the interaction between LARP4 and FLNA R21 both in vivo and in vitro. We also determined the critical amino acid that is responsible for the interaction and generated the non-FLNA-binding mutant LARP4 (F277A in human: F273A in mouse Larp4) that disrupts the interaction. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) of GFP-labeled LARP4 in living cells demonstrated that mutant LARP4 diffuses faster than WT LARP4. Proximity ligation assay (PLA) also confirmed their interaction and disruption of actin polymerization diminishes the interaction. Data mining of RNAseq analysis of LARP4 knockdown (KD) HEK293T cells suggested that LARP4 is involved in morphogenesis and cell motility. Consistent with this prediction, we found that KD of LARP4 increases cell migration speed and expression of the F277A mutant LARP4 in LARP4-KD cells also leads to a higher cell migration speed compared to WT LARP4. These results demonstrated that the LARP4 interaction with FLNA regulates cell migration.
Correction method by introducing cloud cover forecast factor in model temperature forecast
Authors: Mei Han , Qishu Wu , Huijun Liu , Siyu Yin , Guofei Wei
Published: April 2023

Objective temperature forecast products can achieve better forecast quality by using one-dimensional regression correction directly based on the present model temperature forecast product, and the forecast accuracy can be further improved by adding appropriate auxiliary factors. In this paper, ECMWF forecast products and ground observation data from Fujian are used to revise the surface temperature at 2 m by introducing a cloud cover forecast factor based on the model temperature forecast correction method. Analysis shows that the forecast deviation of daily maximum and minimum temperature after the revision of a single-factor forecast is obviously correlated with cloud cover. A variety of prediction schemes are designed, and the final scheme is determined through comparative testing. The following conclusions are drawn: all schemes based on cloud cover grouping can improve forecast performance, and the total cloud cover scheme is generally better than the low cloud cover scheme. There is a good positive correlation between the forecast deviation of maximum temperature and the mean total cloud cover; that is, the more cloud cover, the bigger the deviation. The minimum temperature is negatively correlated with cloud cover when the cloud cover is less than 40% and positively correlated for the rest. The absolute forecast deviations of the maximum and minimum temperatures are larger when the total cloud cover is less. Whether for Tmax or Tmin forecast, the binary regression scheme after grouping consistently showed the best performance, with the lowest MAE. The final scheme was used to forecast the maximum and minimum temperature in 2021, and most verification indicators showed improvement in most forecast periods. The forecast accuracy for the 36-h daily maximum and minimum temperature is 81.312% and 91.480%, respectively, which is 2.4%–2.6% higher than the single-factor regression scheme. The forecast skill scores (FSS) reach 0.065 and 0.086, indicating that the method can effectively improve forecast quality in a stable manner and can be used for practical forecasting.
Pupil dilation as cognitive load measure in instructional videos on complex chemical representations
Authors: Rodemer Marc , Karch Jessica , Bernholt Sascha
Published: April 2023

This secondary analysis of an earlier eye-tracking experiment investigated how triangulating changes in pupil dilation with student-self reports can be used as a measure of cognitive load during instructional videos with complex chemical representations. We incorporated three signaling conditions, dynamic, static and no signals, into instructional videos to purposefully alter cognitive load. Our results indicate that self-reported extraneous cognitive load decreased for dynamic signals compared to static or no signals, while intrinsic cognitive load was not affected by the signaling condition. Analysis of pupil dilation show significantly larger pupils for dynamic signals as compared to the other two conditions, suggesting that when extraneous cognitive load decreased, students still engaged cognitively with the task. Correlation analyses between measures were only significant for pupil dilation and extraneous cognitive load, but not pupil dilation and intrinsic cognitive load. We argue that beneficial design choices such as dynamic signals lead to more working memory capacity that can be leveraged toward learning. These findings extend previous research by demonstrating the utility of triangulating self-report and psychophysiological measures of cognitive load and effort.
Development of a reference and proficiency chemical list for human steatosis endpoints in vitro
Authors: Kubickova Barbara , Jacobs Miriam N.
Published: April 2023

The most prevalent liver disease in humans is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, characterised by excessive hepatic fat accumulation, or steatosis. The western diet and a sedentary lifestyle are considered to be major influences, but chemical exposure may also play a role. Suspected environmental chemicals of concern include pesticides, plasticizers, metals, and perfluorinated compounds. Here we present a detailed literature analysis of chemicals that may (or may not) be implicated in lipid accumulation in the liver, to provide a basis for developing and optimizing human steatosis-relevant in vitro test methods. Independently collated and reviewed reference and proficiency chemicals are needed to assist in the test method development where an assay is intended to ultimately be taken forward for OECD Test Guideline development purposes. The selection criteria and considerations required for acceptance of proficiency chemical selection for OECD Test Guideline development. (i.e., structural diversity, range of activity including negatives, relevant chemical sectors, global restrictions, etc.) is described herein. Of 160 chemicals initially screened for inclusion, 36 were prioritized for detailed review. Based on the selection criteria and a weight-of-evidence basis, 18 chemicals (9 steatosis inducers, 9 negatives), including some environmental chemicals of concern, were ranked as high priority chemicals to assist in vitro human steatosis test method optimisation and proficiency testing, and inform potential subsequent test method (pre-)validation.
Preferential flow in the understory soil of Hippophae rhamnoides at different stump heights
Authors: Liu Lu , Liu Xiaoyu , Yao Yunfeng , Qi Wei , Guo Yuefeng
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to clarify the effects of stumping on preferential flow in the understory soils of Hippophae rhamnoides and to assess appropriate stumping height for optimization of preferential flow. Root properties, soil properties, and preferential flow for different H. rhamnoides stump heights (0, 10, 15, 20 cm, and no-stumping, labeled conditions S1, S2, S3, S4, and CK, respectively) were studied using in situ dye-tracing and laboratory analysis. The results showed that stumping significantly increased preferential flow development. This effect was maximized in condition S3, with dye-tracing coverage (DC) of 36.77%, maximum dye depth (MaxD) of 40.02 cm, uniform infiltration depth (Unifr) of 14.28 cm, preferential flow ratio (PFfr) of 23.85%, and length index (LI) of 96.72%. In terms of root length density (RLD), root mass density (RMD), root surface area density (RSAD), soil water content (SWC), soil total porosity (TP), mean weight diameter (MWD), and soil organic matter (SOM), the conditions were ranked S3>S2>S1>S3>CK; for root average diameter (RAD), they were ranked S3<S2<S1<S4<CK. Structural equation modeling showed that DC was affected directly by TP, MWD, and SWC and indirectly by RAD, RLD, RMD, RSAD, and SOM, explaining up to 89.1% of the variance. Thus, stumping of H. rhamnoides affected soil properties through the mechanism of root development, thereby improving preferential flow development in the soil and soil infiltration. The optimal stump height was 15 cm. These findings are critical for vegetation recovery and for prevention and control of soil erosion in feldspathic sandstone areas.
Apparent evolutionary maladaptation and inference from reciprocal transplants
Authors: Fussmann Gregor F. , Kopp Michael
Published: April 2023

In rapidly changing environments populations and species face a challenge to remain adapted and avoid extinction or replacement by fitter types. If evolutionary adaptation cannot keep pace with the speed of environmental change populations will exhibit varying degrees of maladaptation with respect to the current environmental state. Reciprocal transplant experiments are an established method for comparatively assessing the relative fitness of multiple populations in their respective environments. Here we use a quantitative-genetics model to show that inference from reciprocal transplants can be misleading when applied to populations that are in the process of adapting to environmental change. Specifically, we analyze (a) the case of two populations adapting to two different fitness optima starting from a suboptimal initial state and (b) the case of two populations attempting to adapt to changing trait targets that move at different speeds. We find that, in both scenarios, populations can undergo transitional fitness states that, if reciprocal transplant experiments were performed, would lead to the conclusion of (local) non-adaptation or maladaptation. This signature of apparent maladaptation occurs although both populations strictly follow an evolutionary trajectory dictated by the principle of fitness increase over time. Our results have implications for potential patterns of latitudinal replacement of populations/species with ongoing global change and might help shed light on the surprising finding (based on reciprocal transplants) that many populations in the wild fail to show a strong signature of adaptation to their local environments.
Impact of digital technology on carbon emissions: Evidence from Chinese cities
Authors: Shen Yang , Yang Zhihong , Zhang Xiuwu
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Promoting the development of digital technology is an important step in meeting the challenge of global climate change and achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

Methods

Based on panel data of Chinese cities from 2006 to 2020, this paper used econometrics to investigate the impact and mechanism of digital technology on carbon emissions.

Results

The results showed that digital technology can significantly reduce carbon emission intensity and improve carbon emission efficiency. These results remained robust after changing the estimation method, adding policy omission variables, replacing core variables, and solving the endogeneity problem. Digital technology can indirectly reduce carbon emissions by promoting green technological innovation and reducing energy intensity, and it plays a significant role in the carbon emission reduction practices of carbon emission trading policies and comprehensive national big data pilot zones. The replicability, non-exclusivity, and high mobility of digital technology help to accelerate the spread of knowledge and information between different cities, which leads to a spillover effect on carbon emission reductions. Our unconditional quantile regression model results showed that digital technology’s carbon emission reduction effect continuously decreases with increases in carbon dioxide emissions.

Discussion

The results of this paper provide evidence for the potential use of digital technology in achieving the goal of carbon neutrality, which is of great significance for achieving high-quality innovation and promoting the green transformation of the economy and society.