bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Convergence of Sobol-Based Mahalanobis Shell Sampling Collision Probability Computation
Authors: Núñez Garzón Ulises E. , Glenn Lightsey E.
Published: March 2023

Sample-based computation of the joint-time probability of collision motivates developing the Mahalanobis Shell Sampling (MSS) algorithm, which samples nondegenerate normal random variables, enabling rare event simulation without unduly penalizing sample size. The MSS method has unbiased estimators in sample mean and covariance, and it may achieve arbitrary precision when approximating probability measures. For Clohessy–Wiltshire relative orbital dynamics, computational MSS exponential rates of error convergence (in the mean-square-error sense) are shown to improve by one order of magnitude (for sample mean and covariance) over Monte Carlo; when reproducing the instantaneous probability of collision, MSS has a comparable mean-square-error convergence rate performance to Monte Carlo.
Resurrecting the ambo Part 2
Authors: Ryan Fergus Michael Timothy
Published: March 2023

Renewed emphasis on the significance of the ambo on the part of the Roman dicastery for divine worship appeared in the context of the Roman rite in the late 1980s and once again in the Jubilee year 2000 but seems to have been overlooked in the vast majority of local churches. The author reviews what he considers to be a gradual restoration of the ambo to its medieval heyday while seeing that same restoration as central in placing the celebration of Christ’s paschal mystery at the heart of the liturgy renewed after Vatican II.
If Walls Could Talk: Politics, Sound, Otherness
Authors: Simonetti Alberto
Published: March 2023

Dieser Aufsatz verbindet das philosophische Thema Mauer und Barrieren mit Musikalität. Zu verschiedenen Zeiten hatte Musik eine progressive politische Bedeutung, während die heutige Welt ihre regressive Natur in kommerziellen Musikformen und Soundmarketing ausdrückt. Die geschlossenen und obsessiven Formen des technologischen Universums scheinen Universen der Ausdrucksfreiheit zu sein, während im Gegenteil die Sprache der harmonischen Formen verarmt ist und oft durch sich wiederholende Rhythmen mit starken Identitätsrückwirkungen gekennzeichnet ist. Aus diesem Grund analysiert der vorliegende Aufsatz das Thema der Mauer und bezieht sich auf Musik als eine für die Gemeinschaft geborene und in sich offene Ausdrucks- und Kunstform. Heutzutage wird Musik jedoch oft für Marketingstrategien oder als Vehikel für rassistische Überlegenheit, Diskriminierung und Fremdenfeindlichkeit verwendet. Ausgehend von der Analyse gängiger Redewendungen wie „Wenn Wände sprechen könnten“ oder „Wände haben auch Ohren“ konzentriert sich dieser Beitrag auf den Unterschied zwischen Musik als Demokratie/Open Space und als Instrument für eine starke und geschlossene Identitätsregression.
Direct mechanocatalysis using Resonant Acoustic Mixing (RAM)
Authors: Lennox Cameron , Borchers Tristan , Gonnet Lori , Barrett Christopher , Koenig Stefan , Nagapudi Karthik , Friscic Tomislav
Published: March 2023

We demonstrate the first example of direct mechanocatalysis by Resonant Acoustic Mixing (RAM), an emerging mechanochemical methodology that eliminates the need for bulk solvent and milling media. By using a simple copper coil as a catalyst, RAM enables the effective one-pot, 2-step synthesis of triazoles via a combination of benzyl azide formation and copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide click-coupling (CuAAC), on a wide scope of reagents, providing excellent control over reaction stoichiometry, and enabling a simple synthesis of the anticonvulsant drug Rufinamide.
The need for operando modelling of 27Al NMR in zeolites
Authors: Lei Chen , Erlebach Andreas , Brivio Federico , Grajciar Lukas , Tošner Zdeněk , Heard Christopher , Nachtigall Petr
Published: March 2023

Solid state (ss-) 27Al NMR is one of the most valuable tools for experimental characterization of zeolites, owing to its high sensitivity and the detailed structural information which can be extracted from the spectra. Unfortunately, the interpretation of ss-NMR is complex, and the determination of aluminum distributions remains generally unfeasible. As a result, computational modelling of 27Al ss-NMR spectra has grown increasingly popular as a means to support experimental characterization. However, a number of simplifying assumptions are commonly made in NMR modelling, several of which are not fully justified. In this work, we systematically evaluate the effects of various common models on the prediction of 27Al NMR chemical shifts in zeolites CHA and MOR. We demonstrate the necessity of operando modelling; in particular, taking into account the effects of water loading, temperature and the character of the charge-compensating cation. We observe that conclusions drawn from simple, high symmetry model systems such as CHA do not transfer well to more complex zeolites and can lead to qualitatively wrong interpretations of peak positions, Al assignment and even the number of signals. We use machine learning regression to develop a simple yet robust relationship between chemical shift and local structural parameters in Al-zeolites. This work highlights the need for sophisticated models and high-quality sampling in the field of NMR modelling and provides correlations which allow for the accurate prediction of chemical shifts from dynamical simulations.
Towards data-driven many-body simulations of biomolecules in solution: N-methyl acetamide as a proxy for the protein backbone
Authors: Zhou Ruihan , Riera Marc , Paesani Francesco
Published: March 2023

The development of molecular models with quantum-mechanical accuracy for predictive simulations of biomolecular systems has been a long standing goal in the field of computational biophysics and biochemistry. As a first step towards a transferable force field for biomolecules entirely derived from first principles, we introduce a data-driven many-body energy (MB-nrg) potential energy function (PEF) for N-methyl acetamide (NMA), a peptide bond capped by two methyl groups that is commonly used as a proxy for the protein backbone. The MB-nrg PEF is shown to accurately describe the energetics and structural properties of an isolated NMA molecule, including the normal modes of both cis and trans isomers and the energy variation along the isomerization path, as well as the multidimensional potential energy landscape of the NMA-H2O dimer in the gas phase. Importantly, we show that the MB-nrg PEF is fully transferable, enabling molecular dynamics simulations of NMA in solution with quantum-mechanical accuracy. Comparisons with results obtained with a popular pairwise- additive force field for biomolecules and a classical polarizable PEF demonstrate the ability of the MB-nrg PEF to accurately represent many-body effects in NMAH2O interactions at both short and long distances, which is key to guaranteeing full transferability from the gas to the liquid phase.
Research of modern approaches to training and developing qualification requirements for a pilot/operator of unmanned aircraft system in accordance with the ICAO standards
Authors: Ermakov K. S.
Published: March 2023

Due to the explosive development of unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) technology worldwide, the UAS is becoming increasingly relevant for applications in both military and civilian fields. Good progress in the number and scope of unmanned aerial vehicles utilization has led to a high demand for pilots/operators of unmanned aerial vehicles. Thus, this profession began to gain in popularity in aviation. First, this article outlines the UAS classification considering the ICAO standards as well as unique characteristics. Futhermore, taking into consideration the current requirements for the qualification of the UAV pilot/operator issued by the aviation authorities of the USA, Great Britain, China and Russia, general and special qualification requirements, such as professional qualities, medical requirements, psychological screening, training requirements, operation and cooperation experience, are analyzed. In addition, based on the differences between the training of manned aircraft pilots and UAV pilots, the syllabus and methods of training inclusive of a human factor and physiological health are considered, which is of vital importance for selecting and training the UAS pilot/operator.
Developing Psychometric Property on the Psychological Capital Scale for Vocational High Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Wrahatnolo Tri , Ekohariadi Ekohariadi , Anistyasari Yeni
Published: March 2023

Efforts to understand psychological capital (PsyCap) in positive psychological intervention efforts in education are believed to improve teacher performance. The development of a PsyCap scale in vocational education is very important because it has not been widely implemented in Indonesia. This study aims to develop a new, valid, and reliable Teachers' Psychological Capital Scale (TPCS) based on a psychometric approach uses research development. In all, there are nine processes involved in the three stages (item development, scale development, and scale evaluation) of establishing a rigorous scale. Data analysis to test the validity of the items using structural equation models (SEM) with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) techniques. The TPCS measurement tool consists of 24 items that describe four dimensions, i.e. self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience. The research subjects were vocational school teachers (N = 300) spread across 10 districts in Indonesia. The results of the study show that the PsyCap measurement model fits significantly with the data, meaning that TPCS has strong psychometric feasibility and the deviation from the existing measurements is not substantial. Thus, TPCS is suitable for assessing teachers' PsyCap in a more general sense. Further research into TPCS is made easier now that scientists and practitioners have a deeper grasp of the ontology and technique of scale building and validation thanks to this work.
ESTUDOS CULTURAIS E SABERES LOCAIS: UM “OLHAR OUTRO” SOBRE O CURRÍCULO DECOLONIAL NA EDUCAÇÃO DE PESSOAS JOVENS, ADULTAS E IDOSAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CASTANHAL
Authors: Santos Raquel Amorim dos , Brandão Nilo José Lima da Silva
Published: March 2023

Este estudo analisa as contribuições dos estudos culturais na perspectiva do currículo decolonial na EJAI e busca compreender como essas epistemologias podem contribuir para visibilizar o lugar histor
PET MEDICINA ENFERMAGEM E O BEM-ESTAR E SAÚDE DA POPULAÇÃO: Avaliação epidemiológica e prevenção dos fatores de risco de AVE e IAM, em Belém, Pará.
Authors: Luz Thayza Mendes da , Santos Gabriele Freitas , Cunha Beatriz Oliveira da , Nobre Paula Fabiane da Rocha , Oliveira Thielisson Noronha , Cunha Beatriz Oliveira da , Sousa Bruno Oliveira de Sousa e , Sousa Karen Marcelly De , Campos Maria Islem da Silva , Campelo Paulo Afonso Santos , Santos Christian Boaventura dos , Costa Andréia Jordânia Alves , Guedes Pablyanne Tereza Louzada , Teixeira Madacilina de Melo , Guedes Iêda Maria Louzada
Published: March 2023

O Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) é uma síndrome neurológica e uma das causas principais de morte e incapacitação física em todo o mundo. No Brasil, as taxas de mortalidade ajustadas à idade para o AVE estão entre as maiores em nove países da América Latina. Os custos são altos com internações hospitalares e medicamentos, produzindo um impacto econômico, elevando os gastos públicos diretos e indiretos. Os fatores de risco do AVE podem ser modificáveis (Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica, tabagismo, diabetes mellitus) e não modificáveis (Idade, gênero, raça. A identificação e o controle desses fatores são determinantes para a sua prevenção. O trabalho tem como objetivo relatar e discutir os resultados das ações e atividades de prevenção ao AVE e promoção da saúde aos indivíduos nos municípios paraenses. As ações envolveram um total de 96 pessoas, desses 42,7% apresentavam Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS), 21,1% eram diabéticos, 76% indivíduos apresentavam com sobrepeso ou obeso e 25% afirmara ser tabagistas. Diante desses achados, a análise de risco para AVE apresentou com dados significativos, incluindo 16,6% com risco alto. Concluiu-se uma parcela significativa desta população possui riscos consideráveis e que as ações de prevenção ao AVE, são importantes para melhoria da qualidade de vida e prevenção.
The Effect of ZnO on the Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Aluminosilicate Dental Cements
Authors: Kahrobaee Zahra , Mazinani Mohammad , Kermani Farzad , Mollazadeh Sahar
Published: March 2023

In this study, the effect of the addition of various amounts of ZnO (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt. %) to aluminosilicate bioactive glass (BGs) network (SiO2-Al2O3- P2O5-CaF2-CaO-K2O-Na2O) on the mechanical properties of the fabricated glass ionomer cement (GIC) samples was studied. The GIC samples were fabricated by mixing the synthesized aluminosilicate BGs with Rivaself cure liquid. The synthesized aluminosilicate glass was characterized using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, the mechanical properties of GICs were evaluated using Vickers microhardness and Diametral tensile strength (DTS) test. According to DTA analysis, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of aluminosilicate BGs was decreased from 575 to 525 °C. According to the results, the aluminosilicate BGs with an amorphous state (~90%) and the grain size of 36 μm were synthesized. Doping of the ZnO to glass network up to 3 wt. % could increase the amorphous phase up to 95% and decrease the grain size of the particles up to 28 μm. The microhardness and DTS of the GIC samples containing the aluminosilicate BGs were about 677 Hv and 8.5 MPa, respectively. Doping of ZnO to the glass network increased the mentioned values up to 816 Hv and 12.1 MPa, respectively.
Until death do us part?
Authors: Wirén Jakob
Published: March 2023

In life, identity is based on many things. In death, people tend to be identified more on the basis of religion: separate cemeteries for Jews, Buddhists and the Plymouth Brethren, separate quarters for Muslims, Yezidis, Bahá’í and Orthodox Christians. However, it is not true that cemeteries are only a place for religious division. They are also public spaces and, as such, places where people from all walks of life go. Cemeteries are places where religious preferences and customs are negotiated in a very special way.
In this article, practical and theological aspects of cemeteries are discussed from an inter-religious point of view. What areas of conflict are there? How do people of different faiths reflect on each other and the option of cohabiting in death? To what extent are the preferences of different religious groups met in Swedish cemeteries? To some extent, these practical and theological questions pertaining to cemeteries may serve as a lens that sharpens our eyes to challenges of religious freedom and our chance to live (and die) together.
Critical-feminist studies of funerals
Authors: Jarnkvist Karin
Published: March 2023

This article aims to show how critical-feminist studies can improve research on funerals by contributing to a more complex understanding of ritualization and how it can be explored. The article discusses central issues within critical-feminist theory in relation to previous studies of funerals in Sweden and presents theoretical approaches that may improve the field of funeral studies.
Intersectionality, queer phenomenology and ritual practice theory are introduced as examples of approaches that might help the researcher deal with questions of representation in research, rejection of othering and application of non-essentialism – central issues in critical-feminist theory. Critical-feminist studies may, for example, uncover intersections of power relations in the ritual field, reveal experiences of inclusion/exclusion and contribute to a relational and dynamic understanding of ritual practice. Thereby, they provide complex knowledge of funerals, essential for understanding their functions for individuals and societies in times of ritual change.
Investigation of the Anticancer Activity of DCZ0415, a Small Molecular Inhibitor of TRIP13, in U87 Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells
Authors: Guclu Ebru , Cinar Ayan Ilknur
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Tiroid Hormon Reseptörü Etkileşimli Protein 13 (TRIP13); mayotik rekombinasyonda rol oynayan, iğ-toplanma kontrol noktasında görevli bir proteindir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar TRIP13’ün glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) de dahil olmak üzere çok sayıda kanserde potansiyel bir tümör indükleyicisi olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada TRIP13’ün küçük bir moleküler inhibitörü olan DCZ0415’in U87 insan GBM hücrelerindeki antikanser etkinliğinin araştırılması amaçlandı.
Gereçler ve Yöntem: DCZ0415’in U87 hücrelerindeki olası antikanser etkisi sitotoksisite analizi, koloni formasyon analizi ve apoptoz analizi ile belirlendi. Ayrıca qRT-PZR analizi ile DCZ0415’in apoptoz, invazyon ve Transforme Edici Büyüme Faktörü-Beta (TGF-β) sinyal yolağı ile ilişkili genlerin mRNA seviyeleri üzerine etkisi araştırıldı.
Bulgular: DCZ0415, U87 hücre proliferasyonunu doz ve zaman bağımlı şekilde inhibe etti. U87 hücrelerinde DCZ0415’in 48 saat için IC50 dozu 19,77 μM olarak belirlendi. Bu dozda DCZ0415 uygulaması U87 hücrelerinde apoptozu indükledi ve hücrelerin koloni oluşturma yeteneklerini baskıladı. Ayrıca DCZ0415 apoptoz, invazyon ve TGF-β sinyal yolağı ile ilişkili genlerin mRNA seviyelerini antikanser etkiye yol açabilecek şekilde değiştirdi.
Sonuç: Kanserde yeni bir onkogenik faktör olarak değerlendirilen TRIP13’ün bir inhibitörü olan DCZ0415, GBM hücrelerinde antikanser etkiye sahiptir. Bu açıdan, TRIP13’ün GBM için önemli bir terapötik hedef olabileceği ve DCZ0415’in GBM hücrelerinde antikanser etkiye yol açan etkili bir inhibitör olarak değerlendirilebileceği düşünülmektedir.
Identification of the Mutation in DCLRE1C Gene by PCR-RFLP
Authors: Karaselek Mehmet Ali , Kuccukturk Serkan , Kapakli Hasan , Hazar Esra , Guner Sukru Nail , Keles Sevgi , Kurar Ercan , Reisli Ismail
Published: March 2023

Amaç: DCLRE1C genindeki mutasyonlar Artemis proteininin fonksiyonel olarak bozulmasına neden olur ve T/B hücre gelişimi olumsuz etkilenir. Bu mutasyonun bir sonucu olarak, genellikle ağır kombine ve kombine immün yetmezlik (CID) kliniği ortaya çıkar. Akraba evliliğinin yaygın olduğu bölgemizde bu mutasyona bağlı CID vakalarına sıklıkla rastlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle şüpheli hastalar ilgili gen mutasyonu açısından vakit kaybetmeden değerlendirilmelidir. Mutasyonların tespitinde daha karmaşık ve maliyetli yöntemlerin kullanılmakla birlikte daha ucuz ve hızlı yöntemlere ihtiyaç olduğu açıktır. Bundan dolayı çalışmada DCLRE1C geni ekzon 3 (c.194C>T; p.T65I) ve ekzon 14 (c.1669_1670insA; p.T577Nfs*21) mutasyonlarının Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu-Restriksiyon Parça Uzunluk Polimorfizmi (PZR-RFLP) yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Hastalar ve Yöntem: Çalışma 2017-2020 yılları arasında kliniğimizde DCLRE1C mutasyonu ile takip edilen 14 hasta, 2 ebeveyn ve 10 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edildi. Mutasyon bölgeleri ve uygun restriksiyon enzimleri içeren primerler ile PZR-RFLP analizi gerçekleştirildi.
Bulgular: Analiz sonucunda 12 hasta DCLRE1C geni ekzon 3 açısından homozigot mutant, 2 ebeveyn ekzon 3 açısından heterozigot, 2 hasta ekzon 3 ve ekzon 14 açısından compound heterozigote genotipde olduğu bulundu. Mutasyonlar, Sanger DNA dizilimi ile doğrulandı. PZR-RFLP yöntemi ile ilgili bölgedeki mutasyonlar hızlı ve güvenilir bir şekilde belirlendi.
Sonuç: Çalışma, PZR-RFLP yönteminin primer immün yetmezliklerde özellikle bilinen mutasyonların tespiti ve aile taraması gibi durumlarda kullanılabilecek ucuz, güvenli ve hızlı bir yöntem olduğunu göstermiştir.
Dialektika tokoh agama dalam menjaga kerukunan
Authors: Hasanah Rika Khusnul , Aryanti Nina Yudha , Agustina Anna , Trenggono Nanang
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini tentang komunikasi Forum Kerukunan Umat beragama dan tokoh agama yang memiliki peran dalam menjaga sebuah kerukunan umatnya. Kuala Tungkal dikenal sebagai kota yang heterogen memiliki umat yang berbagai macam ras, suku, adat dan agama . Untuk itu, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana komunikasi forum kerukunan umat beragama (FKUB) dan peran tokoh agama dalam menjaga kerukunan antar umat beragama di Kuala Tungkal. Tokoh agama sangat penting di setiap daerah, tokoh agama menjadi figure yang baik dan penengah disetiap permasalahan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan fenomenologi. Teori komunikasi organisasi sistem sosial Katz Kahn. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari sumber data primer dan sekunder, teknik pengumpulan data berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi dan terakhir kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelittian ini bahwa FKUB Kuala tungkal menggunakan komunikasi Interpersonal, komunikasi kelompok dan komunikasi massa. Adapun peran tokoh agama yang dijalankan oleh tokoh agama Islam, Kristen, Budha dan Hindu demi membangun toleransi masyarakat dan menjaganya agar tercipta kehidupan yang harmonis merupakan sumbangsih besar dari para tokoh agama dan masyarakat untuk kuala Tungkal. Peran itu meliputi pertama, peran dalam menjaga tradisi keagamaan, kedua peran dalam mencapai tujuan antar umat, ketiga peran dalam menjaga interaksi sosial dan, keempat peran memelihara hubungan antar tokoh dan antar umat.
Press News Narratives: Covering the Final Phase of the War in Sri Lanka
Authors: N’ Weerasinghe Pradeep
Published: March 2023

The impact of the shock waves of thought sent by mass media through society, on the consciousness, mind, feelings, and behavior of individuals has been argued. The ethnic conflict has been given first priority in the national agenda of Sri Lanka for the last few decades. The role of the news media in the ethnic conflict is something that has not been identified. This study investigates whether the newspapers that targeted the Sinhala population which is the ethnic majority in Sri Lanka did perform professional news functions in covering the final phase of the war in Sri Lanka and what factors affected the situation. For this purpose, news professionalism theory, narratology theory, and structuralism theory were employed. In a society where conflicts occur based on ethnic diversity, this study found that newspapers that target the ethnic majority which possesses the monopoly, engage in covering war using the construction of narrative function instead of professional news reporting. The paper argues that the influence exercised upon the mentality of readers by narratives constructed by the news genre of newspapers in a society facing an armed conflict based on ethnic differences obstructs the ability to look at the ethnic conflict critically. Keywords: Sri Lanka, ethnic conflict, newspapers, news professionalism, narratives
Surveillance of the Polish Diplomat Jan Karszo-Siedlewski by Soviet Counterintelligence, 1932–1937
Authors: Kuśnierz Robert
Published: March 2023

The history of communist crimes in the USSR has been well elucidated. Nonetheless, a still under-investigated group of archival materials are files of the Soviet counterintelligence. One of its tasks was the surveillance of the foreign diplomats and consular representatives operating on the territory of the USRR. Even after the fall of the USSR and the opening of the archives, access to the materials of the communist special services was and is very difficult. The situation changed not very long ago. Open access to materials of the former GPU/NKVD/KGB was possible in Ukraine. In the Branch State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine in Kyiv is a file continuing materials from the surveillance by the Soviet counterintelligence of the Polish diplomat Jan Karszo-Siedlewski, who was among others the head of the Polish consulates general in Kharkiv and Kyiv in 1932–1937. In this way, material that had been entirely inaccessible for researchers will be discussed in the present article.
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Cost and its implications
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Cost of Science and Ethics in Animal
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: March 2023

Impact of Science in China
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Importance of Investing in Science and its implications
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Impact of Reduced Funding on Agricultural Research and Climate
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Challenges of Science Exploring the Cost and Ethical Implications
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Importance of Investing in Science and its impacts
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Need for Increased Investment in Canada’s Health
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Impact of Federal Funding
Experiment ended
Authors: Robinson Jonny
Published: March 2023

PhD - a call for reform
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Impact of Declining Agricultural Research Funding on Climate risk
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Rise of China in the Scientific Arena Should the US make actions
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Importance of Investing in Science and its Ethic
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Impact of Science on Society What Happened to All the Big Breakthrough
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Cost of Science and Ethical Considerations A Look at What Happened to All of Science
Differential expression of NEDD4L in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2023

Cancer is a leading cause of death and colorectal cancer is among the most lethal cancers (1, 2). We mined public microarray datasets (3, 4) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4-like, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase, NEDD4L, when comparing colorectal tumors to the tissue of origin, the colon. NEDD4L mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in tumors of the colon as compared to normal colorectal tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of NEDD4L in rectal tumors was correlated with overall survival in patients with rectal cancer. NEDD4L expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of human CRC.
Wollen wir überhaupt wissen, wie der Status quo im Tierschutz ist?
Authors: Völker Richard , Gruener Sven
Published: March 2023

In den Sozialwissenschaften gibt es ein zunehmendes Interesse an der Thematik der Informationsvermeidung (engl. Information Avoidance, nachfolgend IA) – der aktiven Entscheidung, Informationen nicht zu erhalten bzw. aufzunehmen. Die Verarbeitung von Informationen zum Tierschutz in der deutschen Nutztierhaltung wurde bisher jedoch nicht systematisch untersucht. Wir schließen diese Lücke, indem wir eine webbasierte Umfrage in Deutschland durchführen und uns dabei auf das Ablehnen von Verantwortung (für z.B. eigenes Verhalten) als möglichen Prädiktor für IA konzentrieren. Wie in der Psychologie vorgeschlagen, messen wir IA mit Hilfe mehrerer Items, um den Messfehler zu reduzieren. In unserer Studie waren sowohl das „Verantwortungsgefühl für den Tierschutz“ als auch das „Bewusstsein für Tierschutzfragen“ negativ mit IA korreliert. Das steht im Widerspruch zu früheren Studien (z.B. im Bereich Medizin oder Lebensmittelkonsum), in denen Menschen Informationen vermeiden, von denen sie erwarten, dass sie negative Emotionen auslösen. Unsere Ergebnisse tragen zu einem besseren Verständnis möglicher Marktversagen bei (z. B. asymmetrische Informationen, Moral Hazard) und deuten darauf hin, dass die Bereitstellung von mehr Informationen für die Menschen das Potenzial haben könnte, die gesetzlichen Tierschutzstandards weiter zu erhöhen.
Semantic patterns behind ‘mountain’ in Khanty and Mansi languages: from the 18th century onwards
Authors: Fedotova Idaliya
Published: March 2023

‘Mountain’ is a concept of basic vocabulary, which is thought to be a relatively stable part of the lexicon. For some concepts, Khanty and Mansi words are homogenous or have no more than two variants. As far as the notion ‘mountain’ is concerned, a greater variety is spotted. This paper deals with the words for ‘mountain’ with 7 etymologies for Khanty and 5 for Mansi, none of which overlap. Some of them have already been studied by other researchers, while others have recently been found in new archival and field data on the linguistic platform LingvoDoc and have not been analysed.
Experiment ended
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: March 2023

Impact of Science on Society The Cost and Ethics in Relation
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

The Future of Health Research in Canada Investing in Science to Address Ethical Challenges
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Role of Science in Health Research
Experiment ended
Authors: Hong Fei
Published: March 2023

Ethics of Animal Testing in Science
Deceptive behaviors enhance estrangement of the affected limb in people with Body Integrity Dysphoria
Authors: Scattolin Marina , Panasiti Maria Serena , Ho Jasmine Tian-He , Lenggenhager Bigna , Aglioti Salvatore Maria
Published: March 2023

Although predicted by the notion of embodied morality, evidence for a link between bodily representations and (dis)honest choices remains inconclusive. In specific, it remains unknown whether a reduced Sense of body Ownership (SoO) is associated with increased dishonesty or vice versa. To cast light on this controversial issue, we tested patients with Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID), a unique clinical condition characterized by a chronic reduction of SoO towards one leg that they persistently desire to have amputated. Participants with BID played a card game in which they could voluntarily tell the truth or cheat an opponent, and thus either steal or give them money. Responses were communicated with the affected or the unaffected leg, facilitating an assessment of whether SoO towards the effector limb influences (im)moral decisions. We found that the SoO for the effector could not predict behavior during the card game. Crucially, however, a higher number of dishonest, self-gain choices was associated with increased reductions of SoO towards the affected leg. Our results support the idea that reductions of SoO represent a way to achieve separation from negative attributes, like immorality. Moreover, they represent a first step towards understanding the directional relation between body and morality.
International Cooperation, Information Transmission, and Delegation
Authors: Awad Emiel , Riquelme Nicolas
Published: March 2023

Do international organizations (IOs) help states to solve coordination problems over policy choices? We analyze a formal model of coordinated adaptation in which states use costly signals to transmit information about their preferences. We show that states only delegate to IOs if states are sufficiently aligned and face little uncertainty about each other's preferences. Although states gain from delegation by achieving more policy coordination, they also incur more costs because of inefficient signaling. States misrepresent their preferences to ensure policies are coordinated on their own preferred outcome, and delegation to IOs makes states want to misrepresent their preferences more strongly. This effect can be so strong that the gains from international coordination are insufficient to warrant delegation to IOs. We discuss the robustness of our results to different types of IOs and provide implications for the design of institutions.
Intellectualism and the Citizen Coproduction to Fight Against the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Haibo Qin  , Zhongxuan Xie , Li Wenhan , Shang Huping
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Intellectualism is necessary for humankind to overcome major public crises, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Focusing on the data of scientific literacy across 140 cities in China and by employing the ordinary least square method, we tested the effectiveness of “anti-pandemic efforts based on intellectualism.” The findings are: (1) Intellectualism works, and it can achieve results in the citizen coproduction promotion to fight against COVID-19. For every 1% increase in citizens with scientific literacy in the city, citizen coproduction increased by 14.2%. (2) The urban education level and local government ability positively moderates the effect of the citizens' anti-pandemic efforts using intellectualism. (3) The results present a certain degree of heterogeneity at various stages, regions, and cities of different scales. This study responds to the lack of research on intellectualism and co-production; further, it provides novel ideas for improving the effectiveness of citizens' participation in public crisis governance.
Serpent Culture in Nepalese Society
Authors: Lamsal Apar Kumar
Published: March 2023

Serpent culture is found in many religions and cultural groups across the world from time immemorial in different forms, i.e. art, festivals, and worship, due to religious and ecological diversities. It is associated with water, earth, trees, longevity, fertility, and is considered a killer, protector, or both. This article explains the culture related to serpents found in Nepal, especially the Maithili and Tharu people of Terai. This article explains the serpent culture of Nepalese terai. The emic view of serpent belief and practices is supported by etic perception during the collection and analysis of data. It is found that serpent culture denotes the belief system, gender role, leadership practices, social bonding, art skills, understanding of nature and natural objects, human desire, cosmology, and above all, it is the system of preservation of tangible and intangible culture.
नेपालमा खश आगमन र सिञ्जा राजधानी : एक अध्ययन {Khash arrival and Sinja Capital in Nepal: A study}
Authors: निरौला Niraula केशवप्रसाद Keshavprasad
Published: March 2023

प्रागऐतिहासिक कालमा नै नेपालमा खश जातिको उपस्थिति पाइन्छ । खश जाति मात्र नभएर महाजाति हो । युरोपका विभिन्न भूभागमा साम्राज्य कायम गर्दै एशियाका विभिन्न भूभागमा साम्राज्य फैलाएर लामो समयसम्म राज्य गरेको पाईन्छ । विभिन्न भौगोलिक, राजनैतिक, जैविक विविधताका कारण बसाई सर्दै भारतको काश्मिर हुँदै कुमाउ गढवाल क्षेत्रलाई आफ्नो कब्जामा लिई शासन गर्दै नेपालमा आएको मुख्य जाति मध्ये एक हो । खश जाति नेपालमा एकैचोटी र एकै स्थानबाट प्रवेश गरेको पाईदैन । यी जातिहरू विभिन्न स्थान र समयमा आएको जातिको रूपमा पाइन्छ । पाँचौ शताब्दीतिर खशहरूको प्रवेश नेपालमा बढी तीब्रताकासाथ भएको थियो । भारतका गुप्तहरूबाट राज्य विस्तार गर्ने क्रममा खशहरू लखेटिए । खश जातिहरूको ठूलो समूह उत्तरतर्फ लागे । त्यही जातजातिहरू कुमाउँगढवाल र तिब्बतको यारी, ताक्लाफर, गेला प्रदेश हुँदै तिब्बतबाट फर्केका शासकहरूले नेपालमा एघारौं शताब्दीमा खश साम्राज्य खडा गरेपछि खश जातिको शासकको रुपमा उदय भएको हो । पश्चिम नेपालमा खश मल्ल तथा दक्षिणमा मिथिला कर्नाटक वंशीयहरूका त्रिशक्ति सन्सतुलनको अवस्था मधययुगमा बन्न पुगेको पाइन्छ । यसपछि नै खशहरूले नेपालको राजनीति, आर्थिक, सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, भाषा र धर्ममा समेत महत्वपूर्ण प्रभाव पारेको थियो । कर्णाली प्रदेशको नामले चिनिएको जुम्ला राज्य अन्तर्गत पर्ने सिञ्जा तत्कालीन समयमा राजधानीले विशेष महत्व रहेको पाईन्छ । कर्णाली प्रदेशका बाइसी राज्यहरूमा खास गरी सिञ्जा राज्यले नेपालको समष्टिगत रुपमा बृहत इतिहास दर्शाउँदै खस भाषा र संस्कृतिले नेपालको धार्मिक र सांस्कृतिक क्षेत्रमा महत्वपूर्ण स्थान ओगटेको छ ।
मध्यकालीन लमजुङ राज्यको अस्तित्वभित्र गृष्मकालीन दरबार : पुरानकोटगढी {A summer palace within the existence of the medieval Lamjung kingdom: Purankotgarhi}
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari बमबहादुर Bambahadur
Published: March 2023

लमजुङमा शाह खलकका पुर्खाहरू कालु शाहसमेत गरेर यशोब्रह्म, नरहरी, चूडा, नरेन्द्र, भीम (दशिवन्त) अचिन्द्र, केहरीनारायण, रिपुमर्दन र वीरमर्दन नामक शाह राजाहरूले झण्डै ३ सय वर्ष शासन गरे । कुसुमाकर घिमिरेकोपहलमा दुरा जातिको सहयोग लिएर गुरुङ, मगर र घिमिरेहरूको समर्थनमा लमजुङको मुख्य रजस्थल गाउँशहर, शीतकालीन बेसीशहर र गृष्मकालीन पुरानकोट राजधानीको अतिरिक्त राइनासकोट, तार्कुकोट, तान्द्राङकोट, बजारकोट, जिताकोट, याङ्जाकोट, तुर्लुङकोट र पुरानकोटमा सैनिक टुकडीहरू राखिएका थिए । लमजुङका घलेराजाको विरुद्धमा दुरा जातिका पुर्खाहरूलाई आफ्नो बशमा लिइ कास्कीका राजा कुलमण्डन शाहका माइला छोरा कालु शाह र कान्छा छोरा यशोब्रह्म शाहलाई ल्याएर लमजुङको पहिले तुर्लुङकोट र पछि पुरानकोटमा राजा बनाउने भूमिकाको अग्रज घिमिरेबन्धुका जिजु कुसुमाकर घिमिरे थिए । लमजुङ विशाल नेपालमा विलय हुँदा गोरखाली सेनासँग तार्कुघाटमा वि.सं. १८३९ को वर्ष घमशान युद्ध भयो । गोरखाको नेतृत्वमा लमजुङ राज्यको विलय विशाल नेपाल राज्यमा भएपश्चात् कैयौं राजकीय विशेषताहरू लमजुङबाट नेपालमा हस्तान्तरण भएको छ । यहाँ लमजुङ राज्यको तुर्लुङ्गकोटपछिको दोस्रो रजस्थल सामरिक दृष्टिले महत्वपूर्ण पुरानकोट गढी एवं किल्लाको सन्दर्भमा विशेष चर्चा गर्नु यस लेखको मुख्य ध्येय रहेको छ । यसको अतिरिक्त लमजुङका ऐतिहासिक, पुरातात्विक तथा पर्यटकीयस्थलहरू र मध्यकालीन लमजुङ राज्यका उपरोक्त रजस्थलहरूसहितका सैनिक टुकडीहरूको उल्लेख गरी पुरानकोटगढी, काउलेपानी, गाउँशहर रजस्थलका सन्दर्भमा व्याख्या विश्लेषण गर्दै गृष्मकालीन पुरानकोट दरबारकोसम्बन्धमा चर्चा गर्नु यस लेखको मुख्य सार रहेको छ ।
Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Leaf and Flower Extracts of Clerodendrum infortunatum and Hibiscus rosa sinensis Growing in Bara Nepal
Authors: Sharma Khaga Raj , Thakur Krishna
Published: March 2023

In the human body, oxidative stress imposed due to the increase in the concentration of free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the initiation and progression of different diseases. The synthetic antioxidants have low efficacy with side effects, for that plant-derived natural antioxidant can prevent oxidative stress by reducing the risk of having these diseases. In the present study, the methanolic extracts of two traditionally used medicinal plants (leaf and flower) have tested for their antioxidant capacity, α-amylase enzyme inhibitory activity and determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in the plant extracts. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The highest DPPH radical scavenging was shown by Clerodendrum infortunatum (IC50 = 71.95±0.51μg/mL) whereas leaf and flower of Hibiscus rosa sinensis showed moderate antioxidant activity (IC50 = 98.74±1.91 and 117.23±7.72 μg/mL) respectively. Among the tested plant extracts, the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content was found in the methanolic extract of C. infortunatum with TPC of 87.07±9.22 mg GAE/g and TFC 34.40±2.00 mg QE/g. The antidiabetic activity of plant extracts was evaluated by the α-amylase enzyme inhibition assay. The leaf extract of C. infortunatum showed moderate α-amylase inhibition activity (IC50 = 118±4.80 μg/mL) whereas the standard acarbose has (IC50 = 12.96±0.22 μg/mL).
Características clínicas predictoras de déficit de vitamina B12 de diabetes mellitus 2 tratada con metformina
Authors: Mariano Cantillo Harold José , Cuello Santana Karen Lucía , Posso Gutierrez Mery Azucena , Marroquín Carrillo Hugo Alexander , López Neira Ana Maria , Rivera Triana Diana Patricia
Published: March 2023

Introducción: el consumo de metformina se asocia con déficit de vitamina B12. Objetivo: identificar las características clínicas predictoras del déficit en mayores de 18 años con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) tratados con metformina. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal analítico en 100 pacientes entre 50 y 85 años con DM2 tratados con metformina por más de 3 meses, con registro de niveles de vitamina B12 en la historia clínica, atendidos en un programa de diabetes de medicina familiar en Bogotá DC, Colombia. Resultados: la media de duración de la enfermedad fue 9.6 años, el uso de metformina varió entre 1 y 5 años (32%), la dosis más utilizada estuvo entre 1001 y 2000 mg (65%), polifarmacia en 45% y la prevalencia del déficit en 27%. En el modelo de regresión logística se encontró que el tiempo de uso se comporta como factor predictor de déficit de vitamina B12 (OR=0,01 IC95% 0,01-0,03) (p<0,05), la polifarmacia (OR=1.21 IC95% -0,06-2,5) y la duración de la diabetes (OR=1.14 IC95% 0,99-1,32) emergen como factores predictores, pero sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa. Conclusión: el tiempo de uso de metformina es una característica clínica que puede ser predictora del déficit de vitamina B12, la prevalencia del déficit en nuestro estudio fue alta, consideramos recomendable realizar una búsqueda activa en la práctica clínica.
Factores de riesgo asociados a la artrosis de rodilla: Revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Velasco Castro Julio Cesar , Nossa Rodriguez Paula Michelle , Osma García Nicolás Stiven , Vargas Rodríguez Ledmar , Cely Castro Leidy Bolena
Published: March 2023

Introducción: la osteoartritis de rodilla (OR) se define como una enfermedad crónica, inflamatoria, degenerativa y progresiva, caracterizada por el deterioro del cartílago articular. Tiene manifestaciones clínicas y etiológicas diferentes según el grupo etario y se encuentra asociada con múltiples factores que intervienen en la fisiopatología, entre los que están: edad, raza, sexo, sobrepeso, obesidad y síndrome metabólico. Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo que influyen en el proceso degenerativo de la OR en la adultez temprana y tardía. Materiales y métodos: revisión sistemática de la literatura científica en diferentes bases de datos que incluyeron estudios de cohorte, transversales, casos y controles, evaluando los factores de riesgo predisponentes. Resultados: se seleccionaron 50 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios, identificando diferentes factores que afectan el desarrollo o progresión de la OR como las alteraciones metabólicas, sistémicas y estilo de vida que influyen en esta patología, además de factores modificables y no modificables. Conclusión: la OR es una afección de carácter multifactorial, donde la obesidad, la hipertensión arterial (HTA), el índice de masa corporal (IMC) elevado, los niveles altos de LDL, la debilidad muscular e incluso la profesión del paciente, son los principales factores predisponentes para desarrollar o aumentar su progresión.
Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design
Authors: Baughman Jacqulyn
Published: March 2023

A collection of readings and exercises aligned with the course, ME 270, Introduction to Mechanical Engineering Design, at Iowa State University. This course provides an overview of mechanical engineering design with applications to thermal and mechanical systems, and an introduction to current design practices used in industry. As part of the course design, learners will complete a semester-long team project focused on addressing societal needs.
Predatory Journals: Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Literature Published between 2012 and 2021
Authors: Nagarkar Shubhada , Khole Sayali
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of this study is to identify the trends in predatory publishing and to compile a core reading list of documents on the topic of ‘predatory journals.’ The study examined 541 documents on the topic of ‘predatory journals’ indexed in the Web of Science database published between 2012 and 2021. The data set was analyzed quantitatively (bibliometric study) and qualitatively (document classification). For bibliometric analysis, parameters like year, disciplines, number of citations, countries, document types, and journals were used. The documents were classified into four groups, namely, General (326), Empirical Studies (89), Technical Specifics (71), and Cautionary Texts (55). The results of the analysis and co-relation between quantitative and qualitative parameters reveal that publications in medical sciences (221) form the majority in almost all groups. There is a steady growth in publications in all groups during 2018 and 2019. Research papers and editorial materials are greater in number. The largest number of documents are from the United States (163 documents). A large number of papers have been published in the journals Scientometrics (22) and Learned Publishing (28). The most highly cited (17) papers have been published in Nature. The core reading list of forty documents on predatory journals is the outcome of the study after examining the co-relationship between the two methods. The core reading list may assist new researchers in comprehending the various aspects of predatory journals. The article concludes with suggestions for further research.
Smoke, Mirrors, and Impact Factor: How Management Scholars Undermine a Managerial Metric
Authors: Aluchna Maria , Honig Benson
Published: March 2023

The authors analyze leading management journals of the Academy of Management (the Academy of Management Journal, the Academy of Management Review, the Academy of Management Learning and Education, and the Academy of Management Perspectives, as well as the Journal of Management), collecting and analyzing information on the managerial research assessment tool of impact factor (IF) during two time periods—from 1997 through 2005 and from 2006 through 2019. The authors capture the changing nature of journal strategies, examining the number of references, self-citations, and cross-citations. The study shows a general increase in the number of references used, as well as self-citations and cross-citations, resulting in a corresponding IF gain. The evidence suggests some limitations to adopting performance metrics in academia. Thus, academic managers, editors, and authors who focus on IF may be overestimating its impact, obscuring institutional attempts to measure academic research performance.
Quid Pro Quo Authorship: Characteristics and Implications
Authors: Whetstone Devon , Ridenour Laura , Moulaison-Sandy Heather
Published: March 2023

Quid pro quo authorship (QPQ) is a type of gift authorship in which authorship credit is exchanged in a mutually beneficial agreement. Such practices are considered to be unethical, but incentives to publish can nonetheless make QPQ appealing. Terminology to describe the QPQ phenomenon can differ across scholarly communities, making a thorough analysis of the attention to QPQ difficult. This article uses content analysis to conduct an in-depth examination of a corpus of scholarly literature on QPQ. This research seeks to ascertain information about the nature of QPQ and how it is perceived relative to other types of unethical authorship practices. Results support three defining characteristics of QPQ: mutual awareness, mutual agreement, and mutual benefit. Content analysis reveals two forms of QPQ: authorship-for-goods and authorship-for-authorship. Findings reinforce the notion that QPQ is a distinct form of gift authorship that is related to coercion authorship and honorary authorship. Implications for the scientific enterprise, academia, and society are presented, since as with other forms of gift authorship, QPQ falsifies the scholarly record. Finally, suggestions for future directions such as education for researchers are presented.