bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Формы деятельности постоянных комиссий представительных органов муниципальных образований.
Authors: Вихарев А.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье исследуются формы работы постоянных комиссий представительных органов местного самоуправления. На основе выводов, содержащихся в научной литературе, и анализа муниципальных правовых актов автор относит к таковым заседания постоянных комиссий, публичные и депутатские слушания, совещания, «круглые столы», конференции, семинары и иные мероприятия, являющиеся организационно-правовым выражением их практической деятельности. Посредством форм своей деятельности постоянные комиссии осуществляют представительские функции; реализуют принципы коллегиальности, свободного и гласного обсуждения вопросов, законности принятия решений; решают вопросы, находящиеся в их компетенции; организуют работу депутатов; вовлекают в процесс обсуждения решений общественность. Ключевые слова: постоянные комиссии, представительный орган муниципального образования, формы деятельности, местное самоуправление, муниципальные правовые акты.

The article examines the forms of work of the permanent commissions of representative bodies of local self-government. Based on the conclusions contained in the scientific literature and the analysis of municipal legal acts, the author refers to such meetings of standing committees, public and parliamentary hearings, meetings, round tables, conferences, seminars and other events that are the organizational and legal expression of their practical activities. Through the forms of their activity, the permanent commissions carry out representative functions; implement the principles of collegiality, free and open discussion of issues, legality of decision-making; resolve issues within their competence; organize the work of deputies; involve the public in the decision-making process.
К вопросу о методах и формах государственного управления в сфере экономики
Authors: Сморчкова Л.Н.
Published: December 2024

Критическое состояние и национальной экономики, и внешнеэкономических отношений в условиях текущего политического конфликта обусловливают актуальность данной статьи, в которой автор делает попытку переоценить научные представления о методах и формах государственного управления в сфере экономики. Цель статьи — представить авторское видение соотношения методов и форм управления между собой и с административно-правовым воздействием на управленческие отношения в экономической сфере на современном этапе. Для достижения поставленной цели были использованы общенаучные методы материалистической диалектики, а также частнонаучные и специально-юридические методы (исторический, структурно-функциональный, сравнительно-правовой), достижения науки управления, теории права, науки административного права. Автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на современную трансформацию представлений о методах и формах государственного управления, в частности применительно к экономической сфере, сущность управления (воздействия) методами убеждения и принуждения посредством форм воздействия (правовых и неправовых) не изменилась. Однако их реализация должна не только исходить из специфики соответствующей сферы экономических отношений, но и быть адаптирована к особенностям политико-экономической ситуации в стране и в мире.

The critical state of both the national economy and foreign economic relations in the context of the current political conflict determine the relevance of this article, in which the author makes an attempt to overestimate scientific ideas about the methods and forms of public administration in the economic sphere. The purpose of the article is to present the author's vision of the correlation of methods and forms of management with each other and with the administrative and legal impact on managerial relations in the economic sphere at the present stage. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods of materialistic dialectics were used, as well as private scientific and special legal methods (historical, structural-functional, comparative legal), achievements of management science, legal theory, administrative law science. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the modern transformation of ideas about the methods and forms of public administration, in particular, in relation to the economic sphere, the essence of management (influence) by methods of persuasion and coercion through forms of influence (legal and non-legal) has not changed. However, their implementation should not only proceed from the specifics of the relevant sphere of economic relations, but also be adapted in accordance with the specifics of the political and economic situation in the country and in the world.
Принципы межгосударственного сотрудничества и меры доверия с государствами Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона — членами СВМДА
Authors: Лазутин Л.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье раскрываются основные принципы международного права, регулирующие отношения с рядом государств Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона, входящих в в организацию «Совещание по взаимодействию и мерам доверия в Азии» (СВМДА); проводится анализ договоров между этими государствами о мерах доверия в военно-политической сфере.

The article reveals the basic principles of international law governing relations with a number of states in the Asia-Pacific Region and the analysis of agreements on confidence-building measures in the military-political sphere.
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ТЕРМОСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ И СОХРАНЕНИЯ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ СВОЙСТВ ФЛОКУЛИРУЮЩИХ ЭМУЛЬСИОННЫХ СИСТЕМ НА ОСНОВЕ ПИЩЕВЫХ ПАВ ПРИ ЗАМОРАЖИВАНИИ И ОТТАИВАНИИ
Authors: Кюрегян Г.П. , Комаров Н.В. , Кюрегян О.Д.
Published: December 2024

Изложены результаты исследования термостабильности и сохранения функциональных свойств флокулирующих эмульсионных систем на основе пищевых ПАВ с большим молекулярным весом, способных создавать адсорбционные агрегаты, в условиях замораживания-оттаивания.

The results of a study of thermal stability and preservation of functional properties of flocculating emulsion systems based on food surfactants with high molecular weight capable of creating adsorption aggregates under freezing-thawing conditions are presented.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТИ МАСЛОПРЕССА ДЛЯ ТЕЧЕНИЯ НЕНЬЮТОНОВСКОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ
Authors: Старков И.А. , Мельник Г.А. , Старков К.А. , Лисицын Д.А.
Published: December 2024

Рассмотрен процесс движения маслосодержащего материала в канале шнеков маслопресса. Этот материал моделируется неньютоновской жидкостью Кросса-Вильямсона. Данная модель и ее параметры выбраны из условия наилучшего приближения вязкости к экспериментальным данным. Проведенные расчеты в программном пакете COMSOL Multiphy-sicsv. 6.1 позволили построить распределение скоростей и давления в модели маслопресса. По найденным распределениям рассчитаны производительности отдельных шнековых витков. Все расчеты производились для трех моделей: ньютоновская жидкость, неньютоновская жидкость, неньютоновская жидкость с проскальзыванием. Полученные результаты сравнивались между собой. Предложенная в работе схема расчета движения маслосодержащего материала по каналу шнеков маслопресса может быть использована при разработке новых маслопрессов повышенной производительности.

The process of motion of the oil-containing material in the channel of the oilpress screws is considered. This material is modeled by the non-newtonian fluid of Cross-Williamson. This model and its parameters are selected from the conditions of the best approximation of viscosity to experimental data. Simulations in the Comsol Multiphysics V.6.1 software make it possible to build the distribution of velocity and pressure in the oil press model. According to the obtained distributions, the performance of individual screw coils is calculated. All calculations are made in three scenarios: newtonian fluid, non-newtonian fluid, non-newtonian fluid with slippage. The results are compared with each other. The proposed scheme for calculating the motion of an oil-containing material on the channel of the oilpress augers can be used in the development of high-performance presses.
УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СПОСОБА ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГЛИЦЕРИНА ИЗ ОТХОДОВ МЫЛОВАРЕННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ. СООБЩЕНИЕ 1
Authors: Лисицын А.Н. , Григорьева В.Н. , Санова Л.А. , Игнатьева Н.В. , Матвеева М.С. , Кузнецова Н.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрено количественное содержание отходов при производстве мыла и их состав. Показано, что средний отход глицерина составляет 1 т/сут при производстве мыла 100 т/сут. Поэтому авторы считают целесообразным и необходимым извлечение глицерина из подмыльного щелока при производстве мыла.

The article examines the quantitative content of waste from soap production and its composition. It has been shown that the average waste of glycerin is 1 ton per day for soap production of 100 tons per day. Therefore, the authors consider it expedient and necessary to extract glycerin from soap lye during soap production.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ УСКОРЕНИЯ ЗАСТЫВАНИЯ СРЕДНЕЙ ФРАКЦИИ ПАЛЬМОВОГО МАСЛА ПУТЕМ ДОБАВЛЕНИЯ ВЫСОКОПЛАВКИХ ТРИАЦИЛГЛИЦЕРНИНОВ С ЦЕЛЬЮ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ КОНДИТЕРСКИХ ЖИРОВ ДЛЯ НАЧИНОК КОНФЕТ, ГЛАЗИРОВАННЫХ ШОКОЛАДНОЙ ГЛАЗУРЬЮ
Authors: Павлова И.В. , Коблицкая М.Б.
Published: December 2024

Проведены исследования с целью разработки технологии производства кондитерского жира для начинок конфет с минимальным содержанием трансизомеров (не более 2%) и повышенной устойчивостью к миграции жидкой жировой фазы на основе средней фракции пальмового масла, содержащей около до 60% 2-олеодинасыщенных триацилглицеринов, обладающих совместимостью с жировой фазой шоколадной глазури. Исследовались характеристики застывания образцов средней фракции пальмового масла с добавлением 2 и 4% высокоплавких триацилглицеринов в качестве затравочных кристаллов. Установлено, что при концентрации в средней фракции пальмового масла 2-олеодипальмитина (POP) около 55%, добавление 4% высокоплавких триацилглицеринов в качестве затравочных кристаллов более чем в четыре раза ускоряет застывание жира. При этом температура плавления, температура застывания и твердость практически сохраняются, что позволяет значительно увеличить производительность оборудования для производства конфет при сохранении их основных физических и структурно-механических показателей.

Research has been carried out to develop a technology for the production of confectionery fat for candy fillings with a minimum content of transisomers (no more than 2%) and increased resistance to migration of the liquid fat phase based on an average palm oil fraction containing up to 60% 2-oleodin-saturated triacylglycerols compatible with the fat phase of chocolate glaze. The characteristics of solidification of samples of the average fraction of palm oil with the addition of 2 and 4% high-melting triacylglycerines as seed crystals were studied. It was found that at a concentration of about 55% in the average fraction of palm oil of 2-oleodipalmitin (ROP), the addition of 4% high-melting triacylglycerols as seed crystals accelerates the solidification of fat by more than 4 times. At the same time, the melting point, solidification temperature and hardness are practically preserved, which makes it possible to significantly increase the productivity of equipment for the production of sweets while maintaining their basic physical and structural and mechanical parameters.
МЫЛО С ПОВЫШЕННОЙ ПЕНООБРАЗУЮЩЕЙ СПОСОБНОСТЬЮ И ПОРИСТОСТЬЮ
Authors: Лисицын А.Н. , Григорьева В.Н. , Санова Л.А. , Игнатьева Н.В. , Матвеева М.С. , Кузнецова Н.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье дан обзор влияния факторов и состава мыла на его качественные показатели. Проведен эксперимент с вводом в производственную мыльную стружку пероксигидрата мочевины (ПГМ) и показана возможность увеличения пористости и пенообразующей способности полученной мыльной стружки.

The article provides an overview of the influence of factors and composition of soap on its quality indicators. An experiment is presented with the introduction of urea peroxide (Urea Peroxide) into industrial soap shavings and the possibility of increasing the porosity and foaming ability of resulting soap shavings is shown.
К ВОПРОСУ О РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКЕ ПОДСОЛНЕЧНЫХ МАСЕЛ
Authors: Доморощенкова М.Л. , Марков В.Н. , Демьяненко Т.Ф. , Крылова И.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье обсуждается влияние лузги подсолнечника на эффективность переработки семян и качество подсолнечных шротов. Показана связь между содержанием лузги в ядре и содержанием сырого протеина в подсолнечном шроте. Приведен пример балансового расчета переработки семян подсолнечника, показывающий, что лузга подсолнечных семян должна технологически удаляться до определенного уровня для достижения требуемых показателей качества шрота по содержанию сырого протеина.

The article discusses the impact of sunflower hulls on the efficiency of seed processing and the quality of sunflower meals. The relationship between the hull content in sunflower seed kernel and the crude protein content of sunflower meal is shown. An example of calculation of processing balance of sunflower seeds is given showing that hulls of sunflower seeds should be technologically removed to a certain level in order to achieve the required quality indicators of the meal in terms of crude protein content.
КОНСЕРВАНТЫ И АНТИОКСИДАНТЫ В ОРГАНИЧЕСКОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Authors: Фролова Н.Н.
Published: December 2024

В современной пищевой индустрии для сохранения безопасности продуктов на протяжении их срока годности активно используются как натуральные, так и синтетические консерванты и антиоксиданты. В статье характеризуется рынок пищевых консервантов и антиоксидантов с точки зрения области применения и степени безопасности. Из-за доказательств токсичности некоторых традиционных синтетических консервантов, потребители, как правило, предпочитают натуральные консерванты синтетическим. Чтобы удовлетворить запрос потребителей на более экологичные и здоровые продукты в последнее время наблюдается тенденция к использованию натуральных и безопасных консервантов. Особенно ярко это проявляется в органическом производстве. При производстве готовых органических продуктов из более тысячи пищевых добавок разрешены менее сорока, и практически все они являются натуральными.

In the modem food industry, both natural and synthetic preservatives and antioxidants are actively used to preserve the safety of products throughout their shelf life. The article characterizes the food preservatives and antioxidants market in terms of scope and safety. Due to evidence of toxicity of some traditional synthetic preservatives, consumers tend to prefer natural preservatives over synthetic ones. To meet consumer demand for greener and healthier products, there has been a recent trend towards natural and safe preservatives. This is especially pronounced in organic production. In the production of finished organic products from more than a thousand food additives, less than forty are allowed, and almost all of them are natural.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ КИНЕТИКИ МОЮЩЕГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ ТВЕРДОГО МЫЛА
Authors: Санова Л.А. , Игнатьева Н.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье рассмотрено влияние некоторых факторов на кинетику моющего действия твердого мыла. Показано, что моющее действие мыла зависит от жирнокислотного состава и концентрации используемых растворов (ПАВ).

The paper considers the influence of some factors on the kinetics of detergent action of solid soap. It is shown that the detergent action of soap depends on the fatty acid composition and concentration of the used solutions (surfactants).
УСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СПОСОБА ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГЛИЦЕРИНА ИЗ ОТХОДОВ МЫЛОВАРЕННОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ. СООБЩЕНИЕ 2
Authors: Лисицын А.Н. , Григорьева В.Н. , Санова Л.А. , Игнатьева Н.В. , Матвеева М.С. , Кузнецова Н.В.
Published: December 2024

В статье показано, что существует технологическая схема получения глицерина из подмыльного щелока. Схема является многостадийной и может привести к окислению извлекаемого глицерина. Авторы предлагают схему извлечения глицерина, обеспечивающую защищенность глицерина антиокислителями. На первом этапе предлагается использование ионола. Однако этот метод применения одного ионола не позволяет получить глицерин высокой степени чистоты. Вторая дистилляция глицерина при температуре 175-180°С, остаточном давлении 2,67 кПа с вводом фенозан-28 обеспечивает получение динамитного глицерина.

The article shows that there is a technological scheme for obtaining glycerin from soap lye. The scheme is multi-stage and can lead to oxidation of the extracted glycerol. The authors propose a glycerol extraction scheme that ensures the glycerol is protected by antioxidants. At the first stage, the use of ionol is proposed. However, this method of using ionol alone does not produce glycerol of high purity. The second distillation of glycerin at a temperature of 175-180°C, a residual pressure of 2.67 kPa with the addition of phenosan-28 ensures the production of dynamiteglycerin.
МЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ АУТЕНТИЧНОГО ПЕРЕВОДА СТАНДАРТОВ
Authors: Бегунов А.А. , Фридман И.А. , Пацовский А.П.
Published: December 2024

В статье дан анализ ГОСТ 660-220. Жиры и масла животные и растительные. Определение кислотного числа и кислотности». Показано, что перевод является аутентичным, но имеет ряд недостатков, к которым относится показатель кислотности и ряд других показателей. По мнению авторов проект ГОСТ 660-220 неадекватен, не позволяет обеспечить достаточную достоверность, устойчивость и прослеживаемость результатов и требует исправления.

The article analyzes GOST 660-220 «Animal and vegetable fats and oils. Determination of acid number and acidity». It is shown that the translation is authentic, but has a number of disadvantages, which include the acidity index and a number of other indicators. According to the authors, the draft GOST 660-220 is inadequate, does not allow for sufficient reliability, stability and traceability of the results and requires correction.
Assessment of Barley Genotypes to Drought Tolerance Under Different Levels of Irrigation
Authors:   Department of Genetic Resources, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, Megahed Fatma MA , `AA El-Khawaga ,   Department of Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt, AIA Hassan ,   Department of Genetic Resources, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, MMA Ali ,   Department of Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
Published: December 2024

Water deficit is one of the major abiotic stresses that severely effects on barley production, it will increase frequency with climate changes. Thus, main objective from this work was to evaluate eighteen barley genotypes differed in their genetic makeup under three water irrigation levels i.e., 800, 1100 and 1400 (m3/fad.) as severe stress, moderate stress and adequate water supply, respectively in two growing seasons, in newly reclaimed sandy soil of South El-Qantara Shark, Ismailia, Egypt. The analysis of variance for days to 50% heading, days to maturity, plant height, flag leaf area, chlorophyll content, proline content, peduncle length, spike length, number of tillers/m2, number of spikes/m2, No. of sterile spikelets/spike and grain yield showed highly significant differences among genotypes at six environments. The average of grain yield over all environments varied from 10.69 (Giza 126) to 15.07 ard./fad. (Line 6). The general mean for all genotypes of grain yield tended to decrease from 14.15, 12.24 to 10.51 ard./fad. in the 1st season and from 15.0, 13.1 to 10.98 ard./fad. for the 2nd season for normal water supply, moderate and severe stresses, respectively. Line 4, Line 5, Line 6, Line 9 and Line 10 had the highest values for grain yield under six environments. Therefore, these barley genotypes are more tolerant to water stress. Based on STI and DI indices, Line 4, Line 5, Line 6, Line 8, Line 9, line 10 and Line 11 were tolerant to drought and had the highest STI and DI indices under both severe and moderate stress treatments. Biological yield, straw yield and grain yield had positive and significantly correlated with spike length, awn length, No. of tillers/m2, No. of spikes/m2 and No. of grains/spike. According path analysis, the No. of spikes/m2, No. of grains/spike and weight of grains/spike were considered the major yield components, indicated that the barley breeder should take into account under normal irrigation and water deficit for developing high yielding genotypes.
Prebiotic and Antiproliferation Effects of Arabinogalactan Isolated from Green Gram (Vigna radiata) and Its Hydrolysates
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India, Ketha Kiranmayi , Gudipati Muralikrishna ,   Department of Biochemistry, CSIR- Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
Published: December 2024

An Arabinogalactan (AGP) derived from green gram and its hydrolysates (AGO, Arabinogalacto oligosaccharides) were screened for their prebiotic potential and antiproliferation effects on colon cancer cells (in vitro). Three lactobacilli strains namely L. acidophilus, L. delbrucki and L. fermentum showed relatively better response towards AGP and AGO as compared with other tested strains with respect to defined prebiotic characteristics. The activities of a-L-arabinofuranosidase (39 to 89.5 mU/mL) and β-D-galactopyranosidase (19 to 49.5 mU/mL) in the culture broth indicated the breakdown of AGP and AGO into constituent sugars and their subsequent utilization for the growth of bacteria. AGP and AGO exhibited dose dependent cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on (p <0.001) Caco-2 cells with IC50 values of 150 and 500 μg/mL, respectively as estimated by MTT assay. The present study demonstrated the prebiotic properties of AGP and AGO as well as their ability to provide natural defence against colon cancer.
Adamantinoma-Like Ewing’s Sarcoma: Misleading Tumor Expressing P40
Authors:   Department of Pathological, Anatomy FMPM-UCAM-CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech, Morocco, Boujguenna Imane , Griche Aissam ,   Departmen of Neurosurgery, FMPM-UCAM-CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech-Morocco, El Merrakchi Malak ,   Departmen of Neurosurgery, FMPM-UCAM-CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech-Morocco, Benali Said Ait ,   Departmen of Neurosurgery, FMPM-UCAM-CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech-Morocco, Rais Hanane ,   Department of Pathological, Anatomy FMPM-UCAM-CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech, Morocco
Published: December 2024

Adamantinoma-like Ewing’s sarcoma is a rare variant of the Ewing family of tumors that resembles classic bone adamantinoma. Adamantinoma-like Ewing’s sarcoma shows epithelial differentiation and a more complex immunohistochemical expression profile with keratin immunoreactivity and squamous markers and can resemble a variety of carcinomas.

We report an inhabited case of Ewing’s sarcoma of the vertebral adamantinoma type which mimicked a metastatic localization of squamous cell carcinoma. Like squamous cell carcinomas, this adamantinoma-type Ewing’s sarcoma presents as a basaloid proliferation with a peripheral palisade and a “basaloid” epithelial differentiation demonstrated by cytokeratin AE1 / 3 and p40 positivity. However, unlike most basal cell and epidermoid adenocarcinomas, this tumor presents a high-grade morphology and a tendency to neuroectodermal phenotype with absence of ductal or myoepithelial component and immunoreactivity to CD99. EWSR1 fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of a translocation supporting the diagnosis of adamantinoma-like Ewing’s sarcoma.
‘Virtual Autism’: Effects of Excessive Screen Exposure on Communication in Young Children - A Preliminary Study
Authors:   Audiologist, Department of ENT, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rishikesh, India, Yadav Mangal Chandra , Venkatachalam Bhavani ,   Bhavani Venkatachalam, Speech Language Pathologist, Department of Speech Language Pathology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing (AIISH) Mysuru, India, Parmar Akshay ,   Audiologist, Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing (AIISH) Mysuru, India
Published: December 2024

Background: Exposure to screen has been on the rise, especially during and post lockdown imposed on account of the covid pandemic. Children are exposed to digital devices at a very young age. It is suggested that the increase in exposure to screen at a young age, during the early developmentally sensitive age, can result in the children exhibiting difficulties with respect to socialization, pragmatics, and effective age-appropriate communication. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine whether an association exists between increased exposure to screen and increase in autism-like behavior i.e. Virtual Autism in young children by studying the effects of intervention on children exposed to screen at an earlier age who displayed virtual autism.

Method: A total of 36 children (age range 1.5 – 06 years) exhibiting autism-like behavior combined with an increased screen exposure (> 04 hours/day) were selected for detailed speech language assessment and therapy. The informal assessment and formal assessment were done along with speech-language therapy and post therapy assessment.

Results: Statistical result revealed that there was a significant difference between the pre-therapy and post-therapy scores for ACSLS and ISAA scores. The p value obtained was less than 0.05. Post therapy, there was an increase in social interaction duration which co-related with the improvement in language scores and reduction in their ISAA scores obtained post therapy.

Conclusion: Virtual Autism is a relatively new diagnosis, and there is still much to learn about its underlying causes and effective treatment options. However, some experts suggest that interventions aimed at developing strong communication and social-emotional skills, both online and offline, may be helpful for individuals with Virtual Autism.
Borohydride Oxidation as Counter Reaction in Reductive Electrosynthesis
Authors: Kuzmin Julius , Lill Malin , Ahumada Guillermo , Goossens Ellymay , Kjaer Steffensen Astrid , Riisager Anders , Lundberg Helena
Published: December 2024

An efficient reaction at the counter electrode is of key importance for the success of net oxidative and net reductive electrochemical transformations. For electrooxidative processes, cathodic proton reduction to H2 serves as the benchmark counter reaction. In contrast, net reductive electrochemical transformations have less attractive oxidative counter reactions to choose from and commonly rely on dissolution of a sacrificial anode that effectively results in stoichiometric metal consumption for the processes. In this study, we demonstrate that anodic borohydride oxidation has great potential to successfully replace the use of such sacrificial anodes for a variety of electroreductive organic transformations. This anodic transformation effectively serves as the inverse of cathodic proton reduction, producing H2 using inert carbon-based electrode materials.
Evolution Path of Nitrogen-Water Cluster Cation: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Zhang Sihan , Zhu Zile
Published: December 2024

We applied a highly accurate Density Functional Theory (DFT) method to obtain thermodynamic data for various water-nitrogen clusters. In combination with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and wavefunction analysis, we proposed a theoretical pathway for the evolution of nitrogen-water cation clusters, offering insights into the formation of oxidative environments. Our calculations reveal that nitrogen molecules can form weak bonds with certain hydrogen-oxygen cations, stabilizing key intermediates during hydroxyl radical transfer. This interaction alters the cluster’s evolution. Our findings show a clear map of how nitrogen-water cluster cations evolute and give radicals or other active redox reactants.
Direct Observation of Three Chiral Conformers of an Atomically Precise Metal Nanoparticle
Authors: Das Anish Kumar , Hegde Swastik , Woods Toby J. , Wani Vaibhav S. , Backlund Mikael P.
Published: December 2024

Atomically precise nanoclusters (NCs) have attracted a lot of attention owing to their many interesting properties and applications. Although such clusters could be considered small molecules due to their discrete atomic compositions, their size and complexity push them into a distinct regime where the line between molecule and material is blurred. On the fundamental side, they can provide a testbed for understanding structure-property relationships in nanomaterials. Hence, their isomerism is of intrinsic significance. In this work, we report the atomically precise structure of three Cu14 NC conformers, i.e., NCs with the same chemical formula and atomic connectivity but with varying bond angles and distances, obtained through X-ray crystallography. Interestingly, all three conformers exhibit chirality and co-crystallize in the same lattice structure. Since interconversion of each conformer and its chiral counterpart is possible without breaking and remaking bonds, these NCs constitute a set of atropisomers. The structure of our Cu14 NC highlights the various sources of isomerism one can observe at the nanoscale. These subtle yet identifiable differences represent something like a minimal unit of structural change, facilitating future investigation of structure-property relationships.
Is the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Associated with the Prognosis and Severity of Bell’s Palsy?
Authors: Kara Ahmet , Elden Halil
Published: December 2024

Objective: To investigate the effect of newly defined systemic immune-inflammation index levels on the diagnosis, prognosis, and severity of Bell's palsy.
Materials and Methods: The study group was formed from patients diagnosed with Bell's palsy. Calculated ratios with the data obtained from the complete blood count examinations taken before the treatment were statistically investigated for the diagnosis, prognosis, and severity of the disease.
Results: We did not determine any statistically significant correlation between the determined facial paralysis stages and the investigated ratios. Similarly, there was no correlation between the first and sixth-month recovery rates of the study group and the investigated parameters (p>0.05). In addition, differences in parameters between the control and study groups were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: The results of the presented study contain differences from the current literature. In addition, it provides new information about the effect of the systemic immune-inflammation index on the prognosis of Bell's palsy. Considering the outcomes of research on hematological parameters is important, as various factors can impact them.
Implementación de la Ley de Cáncer
Authors: Berrospi Espinoza Francisco
Published: December 2024

Nuestro sistema de salud es fragmentado y no articulado. Es bastante disperso y, aunque más del 90% de la población está protegida por una IAFA, como el CIS o ESSALUD, aún hay un grupo significativo de pacientes que no están incorporados en el sistema de salud porque no saben cómo acceder o a dónde dirigirse.
(...)
Las iniciativas regionales como esta son importantes. Espero que de aquí surjan acciones significativas y que este sea el primer paso importante que se dé en una región para abordar seriamente este gran problema de salud que es el cáncer.
The impacts of aviation taxation in Ireland
Authors:   ESRI, De Bruin Kelly C , Yakut Aykut Mert ,   ESRI
Published: December 2024

The aviation sector has a significant role to play in the reduction of carbon emissions, particularly in light of EU emissions targets. Within the EU, aviation emissions constitute 13.9 per cent of total transport emissions, where under the Green Deal a target of 90 per cent reduction in transport emissions by 2050 has been set. Several tax exemptions apply to the aviation sector due to its international nature, which have contributed to an increasing trend in emissions. Recent movements in EU policy under the ‘Fit for 55’ package, as well as public and political interest, have focused attention on changing the taxation struc-ture of the aviation industry in order to reduce CO2 emissions. This report focuses on several different potential policies and taxation structures which would attempt to decrease the emissions of the aviation sector: the removal of kerosene taxation exemption (in line with the recent EU proposal), removal of VAT exemption, introduction of a passenger tax, and abolition of free EU ETS allowances by 2026 (in line with the recent EU proposal). Each of these policies, as well a combination scenario, is assessed with respect to the impacts on the aviation industry, spillover effects, macro-economic and government revenue effects, and household effects, as well as the emissions impacts. This analysis applies the Ireland, Environment, Energy and Economy (I3E) model, which allows for the examination of spillover effects of the aviation industry to government, households and other industries. This methodology does not, however, allow for a detailed analysis of different passenger or airline types. In what follows, results are shown as cumulative percentage changes compared to no aviation taxation. Hence a decrease does not present an annual decrease but the build up of a cumulative decrease from 2022 to the given year.
The Uncertainty of School in a Time of Uncertainty: Perspectives of Different Coalitions in the Aftermath of the School Mass Shooting in Serbia
Authors: Stojiljković Sanja , Blažanin Barbara
Published: December 2024

On 3 May 2023, the first mass school shooting occurred in Serbia, positioning children as a particularly vulnerable group in need of further support. Subsequently, the government needed to create policies to help restore a sense of security, stability and trust in the community. The main dilemma was regarding the questions: Should we continue schooling? If so, how? Employing narrative policy analysis, we examine the interplay between education policies, policymakers, parents and teachers to discern the varied interpretations of policies and their impact on students’ roles within the education system. The aim is to understand the different meanings policymakers and institutional stakeholders find in the same policy and the implications of the policy’s meaning for students in the education system. The analysed documents include 16 official educational documents and 53 newspapers and blog articles featuring stakeholders’ responses. The main findings indicate how different understandings of the same policy, as well as changes in the power dynamics between stakeholders, influenced subsequent decision-making of the government regarding school life. Most importantly, the study demonstrates the potential harmful effects of inconsistency in policies on student wellbeing and academic life. We conclude that the main question should not be whether schooling should stop or continue, but how to create a line of consistent and stable recommendations aligned with the created policy.
Challenging Divisions Through Teacher Education and History Teaching: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kasumagić-Kafedžić Larisa , Mulalić Lejla
Published: December 2024

Educating teachers to teach language, culture and history in a post-conflict country such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is still deeply divided and fragmented, implies enormous social and moral responsibilities. These endeavours represent continuous challenges where the processes of healing the wounds in such vulnerable situations, so deep and irreparable, are discussed and contextualised within the long-term social recovery in which the education of children and young people takes on a primarytransformative role. The present paper examines the education policies and divisions in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the past twenty years, which reflect the segregation, politicisation and fragmentation in the post-war society. It also focuses on the role of educators in teaching for peace, antidiscriminationand intercultural understanding by addressing the issues of social exclusion, injustice, prejudice, privilege and violence across the curriculum. It problematises the construction and representation of historicaland cultural knowledge, which is usually ethnocentric in orientation. Special emphasis is placed on the role of universities, i.e., university teachers and teacher educators, in promoting critical thinking and universal humanistic values among students in Bosnia and Herzegovina in general, and those studying at the English Department, University of Sarajevo, in particular. Drawing on the theories and resources of critical and intercultural pedagogy and peace education, the paper explores the possibilities of discussing stereotypes and prejudice with first-year BA students at the English Department within their Introduction to BritishStudies course, and with MA student teachers within their Interculturalism in Language Education course, which deals with peacebuilding and intercultural sensitivity in teaching English from a cultural perspective.
Young People with Complex Needs as a Particular Challenge for the Education System
Authors: Razpotnik Špela , Sande Matej , Dekleva Bojan , Tadič Darja , Klemenčič Rozman Mija Marija , Rapuš Pavel Jana
Published: December 2024

One of the phenomena that predicts poorer educational outcomes for young people, as well as poorer outcomes in other areas, is certainly the phenomenon of complex needs, i.e., challenges that cut across different domains, often combining psychosocial wellbeing, physical and mental health, socioeconomicbackground, the burden of different challenges on the young persons’ family, a non-dominant ethnic background, learning difficulties and other aspects. A key challenge with complex needs is the inability of systems (educational and others) to respond appropriately to them, resulting in young people being sent from door to door and being excluded, as well as other adverse responses for both parties (young people and services, educational and others). In order to understand the emergence of complex needs or multiple vulnerabilities, we need to analyse them using an intersectional perspective. In this paper, data from a national Slovenian study entitled Support Networks for Young People in Psychosocial Distress are analysed using a subsample of 32 young people from the overall sample of 203 interviewees. The subsample represents young people whose interviews show the greatest clustering of distress in various contexts of life. The interviews with the selected participants are qualitatively analysed using content analysis based on a scheme of key social systems: school/education, family, peer networks, local community and other (formal) support services. All of these systems are analysed in terms of being supportive or threatening according to the perception of the young person. In all of the systems, more threatening than supportive aspects were reported by young people with complex needs. An analysis of both kinds of factors can help us to think about the changes needed in educational and other systems in order to make them more responsive to the needs of particularly vulnerable young people.
Dropout From the Primary Education System of Roma Children from Substandard Settlements in Serbia: The View of Pedagogical Assistants
Authors: Milutinović Stefan , Simunović Vojin
Published: December 2024

A large number of Roma in the territory of the Republic of Serbia live in substandard settlements, where poor living conditions have a detrimental effect on the education of children. Pedagogical assistants maintain almost daily contact with children who live in such settlements. In addition to direct pedagogical work, their job also involves cooperating with the children’s families. The present research explores the perspectives of pedagogical assistants in Belgrade’s primary schools on the dropout rates of Roma children from substandard settlements, focusing on individual, school and family factors that contribute to school dropout. The sample consisted of 40 pedagogical assistants and was gender balanced. All of the research participants were interviewed individually. The main findings of the thematic analysis are that girls drop out of the primary education system more often than boys, and that the main contributing factors to dropout are related to the attitudes of parents, especially fathers, towards children’s education, parental participation in children’s school life, and the school’s response to the child’s needs, including the response of pedagogical assistants. The results are discussed within the context of potential solutions to reduce dropout rates among this group of primary school children.
Análise da produção científica internacional sobre a COVID-19 em pessoas idosas
Authors: Lopes Kelvya Fernanda Almeida Lago , Duailibe Aziz Moisés Carvalho , Sousa Otoniel Damasceno , Moura Maria Eliete Batista
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica internacional sobre a COVID-19 em pessoas idosas. Métodos: Pesquisa bibliométrica realizada na base de dados a ISI Web of Knowledge/Web of Science (WOS) efetuada a partir da exportação destes dados por meio do software de análise bibliométrica HistCiteTM e Programa VOSviewer. Resultados: foram identificados 218 registros de publicações, tendo o periódico com maior registro de publicações  o BMC Geriatrics com 52 publicações indexado na Web of Science. Mais de 722 instituições em 48 países ou regiões relataram os resultados da pesquisa de COVID-19 em pessoas idosas. Os principais países na literatura analisada foram Turquia (32 registros), Estados Unidos (31 registros), Japão (25 registros), Inglaterra (23 registros), Itália (20 registros) e China, país onde surgiu o primeiro caso da COVID-19, na sexta posição, com 16 artigos, entretanto, possui o maior número de citações (695).  Conclusão: o tema é apresentado de forma ampla e diversificado, sem demonstrar a existência de boa articulação entre os estudos e autores de todo o mundo. Há necessidade de construção de redes de conhecimento na área que possibilitem mais estudos capazes de contribuir para melhoria da assistência à pessoa idosa com COVID-19 e outras infecções respiratórias agudas graves.
The evaluative adjectives głupi ‘stupid’ and mądry ‘wise’ in social intercourse
Authors: Dłutek Aneta
Published: December 2024

Among the numerous judgemental adjectives, one can encounter two which are of interest for this research, namely wise and stupid, or rather mądry and głupi as this study deals with the Polish language. The question was posed how the adjectives in question function in social discourse. To search for the answer to the aforementioned question, a survey was conducted. It was prepared with the help of Google Forms and contained 15 questions. 58 people, students of secondary school and university, took part in the survey in November 2023. In the conduct of the research, the author tried to find out whether (and if, how often) the respondents use the selected adjectives, towards whom or in what circumstances. Moreover, one of the hypotheses of the present research was that the respondents would show the tendencies visible in the Polish society, and actually they did.
Opinionated texts in social media: A proposal for evaluative judgement methodology
Authors: Bączkowska Anna , Negrea-Busuioc Elena , Guzek Damian , Liebeskind Chaya , Hess Agnieszka , Crestani Fabio , Ravenda Federico , Kunić Tamara , Lipiński Artur , Lombart Erika , Novotna Martina , Kazazi Ledia , Macková Alena , Dylgjeri Ardita , Milojevic Ana , Cuhna Carlos , Ruzaitė Jūratė , Krstic Kristina , Milić Kristina
Published: December 2024

The paper reports on a pilot study devoted to the analysis of opinions expressed by Facebook discussants related to the immigration crisis in Europe. Opinions were conceptualised as the subjective expression of evaluation. The data were investigated in line with an original, tripartite typology consisting of 46 criteria of evaluative language coming from distinct scholarly traditions: media studies, linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis. Generally speaking, the proposed templates proved effective when mapped onto social media data; however, as there is a partial overlap of some of the categories used in the pilot study, the number of categories needs to be reduced in the subsequent investigation. The secondary objective of this paper is to present computational tools employed in the study, which, as the study shows, can enrich research methodology in communication studies, and these comprise the “R” package used for data visualisation and lexical and sentence-based embeddings based on LLM.
Peer tutoring and peer feedback: Effective methods of support for students in the academic environment
Authors: Redzimska Joanna , Sulikowski Piotr
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the challenges faced by contemporary univer-sities and highlights the need for innovative educational strategies in response to social, cultural, and environmental changes. As the Inter-net shifts the role of educators from sole knowledge providers to facil-itators of student-centred learning, peer tutoring and peer feedback emerge as pivotal methods for enhancing academic success and per-sonal growth.
Central to this discussion are two case studies from the University of Groningen's Masters of Didactics program in 2022-2023, which il-lustrates a practical application of these strategies. The paper also re-views theoretical foundations of these methods, drawing on construc-tivist learning theories and Zone of Proximal Development. Key ele-ments for successful implementation of the strategies discussed in the case studies include trained tutors, well-informed students, struc-tured sessions, personalized support and continuous feedback. These characteristics not only enhance the learning experience but also cul-tivate essential interpersonal skills.
Our findings underscore the positive impact of integrating peer tu-toring and feedback on student engagement, collaboration, and aca-demic performance. This paper advocates for the widespread adoption of these pedagogical approaches in higher education, emphasizing their role in creating an inclusive and effective learning environment that prepares students for future academic and professional chal-lenges.
Avances y resistencias en torno al cuestionamiento y la erradicación de la prohibición de la cannabis en México en las primeras décadas del siglo XXI
Authors: Bacca Mejía Ángela Margoth
Published: December 2024

En las últimas dos décadas se han producido profundos cambios en la sociedad mexicana, muchos de los cuales han implicado la visibilización de sectores de la población, temáticas y prácticas so-bre las cuales había un discurso hegemónico que las ubicaba en los márgenes de lo socialmente aceptable, confinándolas al ámbito de lo inmoral, ilegal, descartable e indefendible.
Estudio bibliométrico sobre la gobernanza y la sostenibilidad en el turismo
Authors: Amaya Molinar Carlos Mario
Published: December 2024

El propósito del presente trabajo es determinar la importancia de investigaciones y publicaciones sobre la relación entre la gobernanza y la sostenibilidad en el turismo. La metodología empleada es el análisis bibliométrico; para realizar el trabajo se emplearon las herramientas bibliométricas de Scopus, SCImago y VOS Viewer. Se analizaron un total de 532 documentos publicados entre 1995 y 2023 en indicadores sobre publicaciones, tipo de documentos, autores, colaboración, términos mencionados en resúmenes y palabras clave, publicaciones por país y apoyo financiero a estudios sobre el tema. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que la evolución histórica de las publicaciones sobre el tema de la gobernanza para la gestión sostenible del turismo resulta relevante para el conocimiento científico en la actualidad, cumpliendo con las leyes básicas de la bibliometría. El contenido de los trabajos analizados demuestra que la gobernanza para la sostenibilidad en el turismo presenta un equilibrio dinámico muy delicado que requiere de la participación continua y la atención de los agentes interesados en la gestión de los destinos turísticos.