bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
α-Linolenic acid metabolism in human CD3+ T cells favours oxylipin production over
polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis
Authors:   University of
            Surrey, Von Gerichten Johanna , Holland Annette ,   University of
            Southampton, Fielding Barbara ,   University of
            Surrey, Miles Elizabeth ,   University of
            Southampton, Burdge Graham ,   University of
            Southampton
Published: November 2022

The essential dietary fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) can be converted into
anti-inflammatory 18 carbon oxylipins or into longer chain n€‘3 polyunsaturated fatty
acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The
partitioning of ALA between these alternative metabolic fates is not understood. To
address this, peripheral blood CD3+ T cells from healthy volunteers (18-30 years; n=10)
were cultured for 48h, with or without concanavalin A (10µg/ml) in 10% (v/v) pooled
donor plasma with low ALA (20 µM) or high ALA (40 µM) concentrations (1:10
[13C]€‘labelled/unlabelled). [13C]ALA metabolites were detected either by GC-isotope
ratio mass spectrometry for intracellular PUFA or by LC-MS/MS for oxylipins in cell
culture supernatant. The ratio of the labelled metabolites hydroxyoctatrienoic acid
([13C]HOTrE) and dihydroxyoctadecaenoic acid ([13C]DiHODE) to [13C]ALA were 1.8±0.2 /
7.2±1.1 and 0.9±0.2 / 4.3±0.6 for low / high ALA, respectively, compared to the
eicosatrienoic acid ([13C]20:3n€‘3) to [13C]ALA ratio of 0.002±0.0001 / 0.02±0.003 in
stimulated T cells. Results from unstimulated cells were similar. Furthermore, oxylipins
from all PUFA precursors were analysed in the culture supernatant of the T cells. The
ratio of oxylipin concentrations in high compared to low ALA cultures was 1.4±0.1 for
EPA-derived dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (DiHETE), 5.6±0.9 for DHA-derived
dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (DiHDPE), 7.9±2.7 for resolvin RvE1 and 2.0±0.3 for
resolvin RvD1. The total oxylipin profile was not altered significantly by mitogen
stimulation. These findings show that ALA is used primarily by T cells for constitutive
production of anti-inflammatory lipid mediators rather than synthesis of longer chain
PUFA. Further, ALA addition changes the secreted oxylipins towards a less-inflammatory
profile. This has implications for understanding the effects of dietary PUFA on immune
function.
Enhancing the quality of fried food and frying oil by adjusting the frying
processing
Authors:   Wilmar Global R&D
            Center, Iiang Junmei , Niu Fuhuan ,   Wilmar Global R&D
            Center, Wei Lingling ,   Wilmar Global R&D
            Center, Jiang Yuanrong ,   Wilmar Global R&D
            Center
Published: November 2022

Fried food is very popular word widely because of its special flavor, delicious
taste and crispy shell. Frying processing is one of the most key factors affecting the
crispiness of fried food, the frying oil uptake and frying oil degradation speed.
Crispiness is an important sensory contribution of the fried food. The higher oil uptake
in the fried food is a disadvantage of fried food from healthy aspect. Also, the oil
degradation is a big concern of food safety of fried oil.Â 
Â Frying processing
parameters include frying temperature, frying duration time and moisture content.
Normally, the higher frying temperature, the crispier of the fried food, the higher oil
uptake and the faster the frying oil oxidized and degraded or polymerized. Another rule
is the higher frying temperature, the shorter frying time is necessary to cook the food.
In our study, it was found that the frying temperature, the crispiness of the fried
food, the oil uptake of the fried food and the frying oil degradation are complicated
affected. This presentation will explain how to optimize the frying parameters to obtain
better crispiness of the fried food and slower degradation rate of frying oil. The
advantage and disadvantage of â€œhigh frying temperature and shorter frying timeâ€ or
â€œthe lower frying temperature and longer frying timeâ€ will be compared. The frying
oil uptake during frying and the microstructure of the fried food with different frying
parameters will also applied to explain how the frying parameters affecting the fried
food quality.
Dietary choline in feline nutrition and its role in obesity prevention and liver
health
Authors:   Ontario Veterinary College,
            University of Guelph, Verbrugghe Adronie , Rankovic Alexandra ,   Ontario Veterinary College,
            University of Guelph
Published: November 2022

In North America, 60% of cats isÂ estimated to be overweight or obese,
predisposing cats to obesity-related health consequences, which reduce quality and
quantity of life. Weight loss is recommended, yet current protocols are often
unsuccessful. Moreover, drastic energy restriction can put overweight and obese cats at
risk of developing feline hepatic lipidosis which can be fatal if left
untreated.Choline, an essential nutrient, can be found naturally in organ meats, eggs,
soybean and wheat germ. Commercial pet foods contain a supplemental source of choline to
meet the recommendations set by the Association of American Feed Control Officials. For
cats, 2400 mg/kg diet on a dry matter basis or 600 mg/1000 kcal metabolizable energy is
recommended for growth and adult maintenance. Choline is a methyl group donor involved
in multiple metabolic pathways and plays an important role in fat metabolism and
mobilization, particularly in the liver. Choline is a precursor for phosphatidylcholine,
an essential component of very-low-density lipoproteins, crucial for exporting
triglycerides and cholesterolÂ out of the liver and into circulation. Research in many
animal species, including cats, has found that a diet deficient in choline results in
hepatic fat accumulation. Similarly in rats, high-fat diet-induced fatty livers were
reversed with choline. Choline supplementation studies in the animal nutrition field
have largely focused on growth and weight gain in livestock. This research uncovered
decreased fat deposition and increased lean carcass composition with supplementation of
choline or its derivative betaine.
This session will summarize recent choline
research in cats. The findings suggest that supplementing choline, above an animalâ€™s
recommended allowance, may help to reduce body fat gain in growing kittens after
neutering, and help mobilize fats from the liver in overweight and obese cats, proposing
a novel nutritional strategy for obesity prevention and liver health in domestic
cats.
Edible oleofoams stabilized by fatty acid and fatty alcohol crystalline
particles
Authors:   INRAE, Fameau Anne-Laure
Published: November 2022

Liquid foams are colloidal systems based on gas bubbles dispersed in a liquid
continuous phase. Two different categories of foams exist: aqueous or non-aqueous. In
contrary to aqueous foams, which have been extensively studied, non-aqueous foams
represent a new promising emerging field, especially for edible applications [1].
Oleofoams based on edible oils are more difficult to obtain in comparison to aqueous
foams due to the lower surface-activity of most edible emulsifiers at the oil-air
interface in comparison to air-water interface [2]. Nevertheless, the fundamental
research in this area is tremendously growing, and the industrial potential of oleofoams
is high as novel structuring materials to substitute solid fats [3-4]. Oleofoams could
be used to create food products with reduced fat content in combination with new
textures and sensorial properties [4].Â  This talk aims to describe the state of the art
on oleofoams and where do the scientific community stand for the understanding of the
stabilization mechanisms by showing examples of oil foams based on fatty acids and fatty
alcohol systems [2]. We recently have shown that the weight ratio (R) between fatty
acids and fatty alcohols tuned both the oleogels and the oil foam properties [2]. Two
optimal R, for which mixed crystals are present, produce the best foams in terms of
overrun, foam firmness and foam stability. R not only affects the crystal size, but also
the number of crystalline particles present in the oleogel. We highlighted that there is
a link between the oleogel stability and hardness with their resulting oleofoam
properties [2].[1] Fameau, A.-L. and A. Saint-Jalmes, Front. Sustain. Food Syst.,
2020.;[2]  Callau, M., et al., Food Chem. 333: 127403, 2020.[3] Fameau, A.-L. and A.
Saint-Jalmes, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 247: 454â€“464, 2017.;[4]  Fameau,
A.-L..Handbook of Molecular Gastronomy. CRC Press, 2021. 357-364.
Supporting the commercialization, adoption, and scaling of climate-smart winter
annual and perennial oilseeds
Authors:   University of
            Minnesota, Cureton Colin
Published: November 2022

The University of Minnesota Forever Green Initiative (FGI ) is an agricultural
innovation platform developing viable, profitable perennial and winter annual crops and
cropping systems that will provide â€œcontinuous living coverâ€ on the Upper Midwestern
agricultural landscape, which can likely improve climate mitigation and adaptation as
well as provide other environmental co-benefits relative to conventional summer annual
grain systems. Transdisciplinary FGI crop development research teams span genomics,
plant breeding, agronomy, natural resource sciences, food science, social sciences,
economics, and commercialization. Several of these crops include "cash cover
crop" winter oilseeds such as winter camelina and pennycress, and perennial
oilseeds such as perennial flax and silphium, which have diverse opportunities in oil
markets. While developing the basic and applied science of these crops and cropping
systems, FGI is supporting the commercialization, adoption, and scaling of FGI crops in
partnership with researchers, growers, industry, policymakers, and communities. For
example, early commercial winter camelina production (relay-cropping) and market
interest is developing spanning fuel, feed, biopolymers, and food, largely in response
to corporate commitments and consumer demand for sustainability, GHG reduction, climate
change mitigation and adaptation, and supply chain resilience. Industry has an essential
role to play in developing and scaling FGI crops by supporting basic research,
contributing in-house expertise and facilities, and creating the market pull needed to
move novel continuous living cover crops and cropping systems out onto the landscape and
into the market.
The gut microbiome and dietary fatty acids
Authors:   University of
            Texas, Brenna J. Thomas
Published: November 2022

The dramatic increase in microbiome studies in the last 20 years, facilitated by
high speed sequencing, has transformed our understanding of biology.  Nutrition
influences the easily measured distribution of organisms, and the more difficultly
measured overall physiology of the microbiome.  Fatty acid nutrition and its influence
on the various gut microbiomes poses specific challenges for interpretation of
experimental studies. Most microbiome science employs rodents as models.  In rodents,
fatty acids survive to the cecum and lower gut, while in healthy humans fatty acids are
completely absorbed prior to the lower gut. Fatty acid nutrition influences the small
intestine microbiome which has approximately 10-6 fewer microorganisms than the lower
gut.  Identification of microorganisms based on 18S ribosomal sequences usually does not
identify organisms at the strain level (genus-species-strain) which determine the
biology of specific organisms and how they interact within microbial ecology. Sustained
consumption of specific oils causes shifts in microbiota organisms and evolution of
organisms via natural selection, shown in the specific case of soy oil. Saturated
branched chain fatty acids (BCFA) of carbon length from 11 to 26 carbons are absorbed in
the upper gut and incorporated into enterocyte membranes.  Sloughed enterocytes
transport BCFA to the lower gut where they support increased levels of organisms that
depend on BCFA for membrane function. Long chain BCFA appear at higher relative
abundance in the fecal matter than in the diet as consumed. While some data are
available on the interaction of specific fats and gut microbiome, most of the
fundamental principles governing gut health and fat nutrition remain to be
elucidated.
Relating polymorphic transition and triglyceride composition
Authors:   Technical University of
            Berlin, Seilert Julia , Floter Eckhard ,   Technical University of
            Berlin
Published: November 2022

Structuring fats are complex triglyceride (TAG) mixtures characterized by diverse
crystallization events. These range from co- and subsequent crystallization of different
fractions determined by the mixture's phase behavior, i.e., solid immiscibility, to
polymorphism shaping the overall crystallization kinetics. The kinetics behind
polymorphism differ depending on TAG type and fractions, complicating this even more.
Several experimental studies have shown that multiple-step crystallization takes place,
in which, in most cases, the first step is assigned to the formation of Î±-crystals
followed by melt-mediated Î²' crystallization - the latter being the so-called
polymorphic transition. Both are important in fats processing utilizing a combination of
shear with rapid cooling, e.g., in a scraped surface heat exchanger. This obeys highly
dynamic conditions often not captured using standard methods, e.g., Differential
Scanning Calorimetry, rheology, XRD, leading to even more complex crystallization
phenomena unexplored. In search of new techniques, the evaluation of measurements must
be undertaken with care with regard to the TAG composition. This contribution presents a
first step towards linking the TAG molecular composition to characteristic
crystallization events observed using varying techniques in the static and dynamic mode.
Using model systems of varying TAG fractions with different melting characteristics, the
contributions to the described crystallization kinetics are discussed.
Bioactive lipids and related nutrients in companion animal and poultry diets for
reducing inflammation and improving immunity
Authors:   Iowa State
            University, Bobeck Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Beyond meeting nutritional requirements for growth and maintenance, select dietary
ingredients can have additional effects, intended or not, on animal physiology and
immune function. Diets can be enriched to benefit the animal, and a dual benefit can be
achieved in the case of enriching animal products for the downstream human consumer.
Many immune-altering nutrients are fat-soluble, including Vitamin E and D. Importantly,
dietary lipids themselves can impact immune function; therefore, a focused and
intentional selection of specific dietary fats, specifically omega-3 polyunsaturated
fatty acids (PUFA), is one method to alter inflammatory cascades in animals consuming
the diet. Examples of other related ingredients to which the immune system is responsive
include zinc and probiotics. While work in human, livestock, and companion animal models
is working to identify therapeutic inclusion rates for these nutrients and ingredients,
it should be noted that physiological alterations are seen in both over and
under-inclusion and are nutrient-specific. For example, inclusion above currently
recommended levels may optimize immune function and reduce inflammation in the case of
vitamin D or omega-3 PUFA, while for zinc, additional pharmacological supplementation
above requirements may inhibit immune function. Importantly, when a diet is formulated
to reduce overall systemic inflammation, it must be considered that important
â€œbackgroundâ€ functions of the immune system, including monitoring for and clearing
pathogenic microbial populations, may be down-regulated due to a general reduction in
immune reactivity. Continued work to understand how diet and nutrition impact immunity,
and how to balance inflammation through nutrition, is an area of active research and
will inform downstream users how to best use data to impact consumers of that feed in
desirable ways.
The development and effects of the logotherapy-based ego-identity improvement program with the application of group art activities in late school-aged children
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Shamyook Health University, Seoul, South Korea, Lim Young-Sook
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop the logotherapy-based ego-identity improvement program through group art activities and to examine its effects. This program used concept synthesis. This program was exploited in accordance with the consultation and psychological education program development stages. Out of seven local children’s centers in 3 Cities, 37 children in the experimental group and 33 children in the control group agreed to participate. The data collection and the program adaptation were conducted between April 1, 2019, and September 30, 2019. The effect of the program was evaluated by t-test and repeated measures ANOVA. The researches show that the ego-identity of the experimental group (F=23.42, p<.001), the meaning of life (F=27.82, p<.001), the academic stress (F=14.14, p<.001), the stress symptoms (F=15.52, p<.001) had a significant difference between the measurement period and the group interaction. Resultingly, the logotherapy-based ego-identity improvement program was indicated to be effective in improving academic stress and stress symptoms and for enhancing ego-identity formation and the meaning of life among late school-aged children. Therefore, it is expected that this program will be applied as an efficient program for the betterment of ego-identity among late school-aged children in the community.
Wave drag coefficient of nonaxisymmetric irregular-shaped bodies
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serdarevic-Kadic Sabina
Published: November 2022

At high speeds, transonic and supersonic, the wave drag coefficient is a significant part of drag coefficients and it depends on the front surface shape and flow velocity. Drag, wave drag, drag coefficient, and wave drag coefficient for four bodies with the same width, height and length, and different shapes are estimated by CFD (ANSYS Fluent). For different front surface curvatures, at high flow velocity, pressure distribution on the front surface of the body, and flow field as a contour of Mach number are analyzed. The influence of front surface curvature on detached shock wave distance is determined.
Live-Born Double Aneuploidy at the Johns Hopkins Cytogenomics Laboratory: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Murry Jaclyn , Zou Ying
Published: November 2022

Double aneuploidy is the co-occurrence of aneuploidy of two different chromosomes within the same individual. Genomic imbalance associated with two aneuploidies in humans is associated with early lethality, and observation in live-born humans is rare. In isolation, trisomy of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y may be better tolerated, whereas monosomy of X is the only such type of aberration that may be compatible with life. It is hypothesized that two successive malsegregation events must occur in early development to be observed constitutionally. Mechanisms like trisomy rescue or selection against aneuploidies may result in mosaicism and promote subsequent survival in live-born individuals, depending on the chromosomes involved. From the literature, double aneuploidy in the live-born is rare, with (acrocentric) autosomal with gonosomal aneuploidy more common than double autosomal aneuploidy. A retrospective case study of patients who underwent routine postnatal cytogenetic testing at The Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) Cytogenomics Laboratory (from its inception in the early 1960s-present) was carried out to identify mosaic and/or non-mosaic forms of double aneuploidy. One case each of non-mosaic [Klinefelter with Edwards Syndrome] and non-mosaic [Klinefelter with Down Syndrome] is identified. No gonosomal and autosomal cases in females nor double autosomal trisomies were identified in live-born individuals at the JHH Cytogenomics Laboratory. Given the advancements in non-invasive prenatal screening for common aneuploidies, the need for diagnostic confirmation studies persists. Providers should be aware of the possibility of early detection of pregnancies bearing double aneuploidy (common or rare) when maternal malignancy is not suspected. Additionally, clinicians should consider the possibility of double aneuploidy in rare situations of atypical or blended phenotypes reminiscent of dual diagnoses. Further work is needed to identify and compile these and even rarer double aneuploidy cases to improve genotype-phenotype correlations.
Dermatology Journals’ Editorial Boards Require Improved Gender Equity: JMIR Dermatology’s Future Directions (Preprint)
Authors: Minion Sarah , Kiene Julianne , Dellavalle Robert
Published: November 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Gender disparities exist across all facets of academic medicine including within the editorial boards of dermatology journals. Only 22% of these editorial boards comprised women, even though 51% of full-time, faculty dermatologists are female. When inviting academic dermatologists to our editorial board at JMIR Dermatology, we invited 50% women to represent the gender distribution of academic dermatologists; however, we have not sufficiently reached gender equity among accepted editorial board members. We will continue to strive toward the goal of gender equity on our editorial board and invite other dermatology journals to do the same.
Evaluation of the National AIDS Program and HIV/AIDS Surveillance System in Jordan (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Rahamneh Moad J. , Khader Yousef , Aqel Ashraf , Abaza Hiba , Satyanarayana Srinath , Al-Shaikh Ala’a , Mukattash Heyam , Shoubaki Areej , Aldamen Tareq
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Despite the progress achieved to date, Jordan still does not have a reliable HIV/AIDS surveillance system. The National AIDS Program (NAP) faced many challenges in the last years due to influxes of Syrian refugees and limited resources that affected the HIV/AIDS local control efforts in Jordan. As a result, the MoH recognized the need for systematic program evaluation. The program evaluation will help to monitor progress toward national and program goals and determine whether program components are producing the desired effects.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and functionality of the NAP and HIV/AIDS surveillance system.

METHODS

A concurrent embedded mixed quantitative/qualitative methods study was conducted to assess the NAP and HIV/AIDS Surveillance System in Jordan. Different methods and data sources were used to collect the data. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed based on the Updated CDC Guideline for Evaluating the Public Health Surveillance System and used to collect data on the performance of NAP and HIV/AIDS Surveillance System.

RESULTS

The Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Center lacks a specialist or physicians with special training on HIV/AIDS. The coordination between the VCT center and the Chest Diseases and Migrant Health Directorate to test HIV patients for TB is weak. Screening for HIV in Jordan is not active and has numerous limitations and considerations due to the disease sensitivity. The VCT staff reported that although there is a well-written and printed National Guidelines on HIV in Jordan (Manual), they did not receive training on these guidelines, and they are not following the latest updated WHO guidelines for HIV/AIDS treatment. On the other hand, the HIV/AIDS Surveillance System still faces some challenges in terms of deficiencies in human resources, equipment, and training. The level of usefulness of the data was rated by stakeholders as not satisfactory. The key informants rated the quality of the system data as poor and they stated that the data were never used to determine priorities, identify those at risk, determine HIV/AIDS risk factors, and evaluate prevention and control measures.

CONCLUSIONS

The NAP and HIV/AIDS Surveillance System activities in Jordan are unstructured, poorly coordinated and inefficient. Many gaps related to NAP and HIV/AIDS Surveillance System performance, and HIV/AIDS data were identified. The main recommendations include developing an electronic surveillance system for data collection, notification, and reporting, and building the capacities of the HIV/AIDS healthcare providers in screening, diagnosis and management of HIV/AIDS.

CLINICALTRIAL
Teaching Principles of Medical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Through Hackathons: Case Study and Qualitative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Preiksaitis Carl , Dayton John R , Kabeer Rana , Bunney Gabrielle , Boukhman Milana
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Innovation and entrepreneurship training are increasingly recognized as being important in medical education. However, the lack of faculty comfort with the instruction of these concepts as well as limited scholarly recognition for this work has limited the implementation of curricula focused on these skills. Furthermore, this lack of familiarity limits the inclusion of practicing physicians in health care innovation, where their experience is valuable. Hackathons are intense innovation competitions that use gamification principles to increase comfort with creative thinking, problem-solving, and interpersonal collaboration, but they require further exploration in medical innovation.

OBJECTIVE

To address this, we aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a health care hackathon with 2 main goals: to improve emergency physician familiarity with the principles of health care innovation and entrepreneurship and to develop innovative solutions to 3 discrete problems facing emergency medicine physicians and patients.

METHODS

We used previously described practices for conducting hackathons to develop and implement our hackathon (HackED!). We partnered with the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Stanford School of Biodesign, and the Institute of Design at Stanford (d.school) to lend institutional support and expertise in health care innovation to our event. We determined a location, time frame, and logistics for the competition and settled on 3 use cases for teams to work on. We planned to explore the learning experience of participants within a pragmatic paradigm and complete an abductive thematic analysis using data from a variety of sources.

RESULTS

HackED! took place from October 1-3, 2022. In all, 3 teams developed novel solutions to each of the use cases. Our investigation into the educational experience of participants suggested that the event was valuable and uncovered themes suggesting that the learning experience could be understood within a framework from entrepreneurship education not previously described in relation to hackathons.

CONCLUSIONS

Health care hackathons appear to be a viable method of increasing physician experience with innovation and entrepreneurship principles and addressing complex problems in health care. Hackathons should be considered as part of educational programs that focus on these concepts.
Development of a Conversational Agent for Individuals Ambivalent About Quitting Smoking: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Study (Preprint)
Authors: Nair Uma S , Greene Karah , Marhefka Stephanie , Kosyluk Kristin , Galea Jerome T
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of disease and death in the United States. Despite the availability of a plethora of evidence-based smoking cessation resources, less than one-third of individuals who smoke seek cessation services, and individuals using these services are often those who are actively contemplating quitting smoking. There is a distinct dearth of low-cost, scalable interventions to support smokers not ready to quit (ambivalent smokers). Such interventions can assist in gradually promoting smoking behavior changes in this target population until motivation to quit arises, at which time they can be navigated to existing evidence-based smoking cessation interventions. Conversational agents or chatbots could provide cessation education and support to ambivalent smokers to build motivation and navigate them to evidence-based resources when ready to quit.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of our study is to test the proof-of-concept of the development and preliminary feasibility and acceptability of a smoking cessation support chatbot.

METHODS

We will accomplish our study aims in 2 phases. In phase 1, we will survey 300 ambivalent smokers to determine their preferences and priorities for a smoking cessation support chatbot. A “forced-choice experiment” will be administered to understand participants’ preferred characteristics (attributes) of the proposed chatbot prototype. The data gathered will be used to program the prototype. In phase 2, we will invite 25 individuals who smoke to use the developed prototype. For this phase, participants will receive an overview of the chatbot and be encouraged to use the chatbot and engage and interact with the programmed attributes and components for a 2-week period.

RESULTS

At the end of phase 1, we anticipate identifying key attributes that ambivalent smokers prefer in a smoking cessation support chatbot. At the end of phase 2, chatbot acceptability and feasibility will be assessed. The study was funded in June 2022, and data collection for both phases of the study is currently ongoing. We expect study results to be published by December 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

Study results will yield a smoking behavior change chatbot prototype developed for ambivalent smokers that will be ready for efficacy testing in a larger study.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/44041
Female Hooligan Youth and the Regulation of Socialist Morality in 1960s Rural Beijing
Authors: Guo Ziyu (Zoe)
Published: November 2022

This article explores the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) efforts to regulate socialist morality and reform those seen as violating it during the Cultural Revolution through a case study of Gong Moumou, a female youth hooligan in rural Beijing between 1966 and 1968. The CCP mobilized local agents and institutions to regulate and reform female hooligans’ sexual desires, thoughts, and activities to exert social, political, and moral control over female youth. Since 1949, Mao and the CCP had promoted social reform to reshape the thoughts of the masses, including people’s ethics and morality. At the local level, the state pursued the rural peasantry’s reform and re-education via political classes centred on Mao Zedong Thought (Maoism). Although the CCP in the 1950s embraced hooligans as a part of the lumpenproletariat, by the time of the Cultural Revolution in the late 1960s, hooligans became a target of government reform. In rural Haidian, local government agents attempted to regulate and reform Gong Moumou’s hooliganism (liumang xingwei) according to the CCP’s standards of socialist morality as articulated through the ideal image of the socialist woman. Documents related to Gong’s investigation and reform, including her written confessions and the report of another individual, highlight the state’s methods during the Cultural Revolution to regulate socialist morality, reform rural young women according to the standard of the ideal socialist woman, and label female sexuality as evidence of dangerous bourgeois thinking.
Spiritual Roots of Emersonian Subjectivity and the Phenomenology of Self-Reliance
Authors: Morales Christopher
Published: November 2022

Emersonian self-reliance is a foundational concept for ideas about individuality in U.S. culture. However, academic commentators who overlook the significance of Ralph Waldo Emerson’s religiousness have largely misinterpreted this concept. Through a close reading of Emerson’s sermons, lectures, and essays, I argue that Emersonian self-reliance was a spiritual reaction to an emerging capitalist culture during the Jacksonian market revolution and an anticipation of psychological and existential critiques of the socially constructed ego—an ego that finds support in the phenomenology of freedom that accompanies capitalistic choice and consumption. I show how for Emerson, individuality and autonomy require the recognition of the spiritual unity of people. I explain how self-reliance functions in Emerson’s thought as an existential description of self-becoming over the course of a lifetime, as well as functioning in a phenomenological way that describes the glance of the eyes and good conversations.
Migration of heavy metals in water ecosystems (using the example of the Belaya River in the North-Western Caucasus)
Authors: Toroyan R. , Bedanokov M. , Takh I.
Published: November 2022

The results of the study of the content, spatial distribution and transformation of Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn and Cu in the system of benthal deposits of the Belaya River are presented. The results obtained were compared with the background concentrations of metals, which allow us to estimate the anthropogenic component. It has been established that discharges from industries cause increased concentrations of metals in benthal deposits in certain areas of the Belaya River basin.
Haunted Memory, Trauma, and Recovery in Louise Erdrich’s The Stone
Authors: Maulana Alfian , Faruk Faruk
Published: November 2022

While the ghost is almost always connected with the source of terror, psychological disorder, traumatic memory, unfinished task, or dormant desire, could it also be a guide to collective memory and recovery, especially for Native American society? This study aimed to read the haunting phenomenon in Louise Erdrich’s The Stone as literary work that could give a deeper understanding of the relation among haunting, collective memory, trauma, and recovery. It answered two questions: 1) How the haunting narrated past collective memory and system of power to the living, and 2) How the relationship between the memory and the present living might establish recovery. To analyze the text, this study used the haunting theory by Avery Gordon. The main data was collected from Louise Erdrich’s The Stone. The result revealed that 1) the haunting in this work was related to the demand of Ojibwe memory in the reservation era, that was the demand to be remembered; 2) the traumatic event was not over and continues to occur in the present, and 3) this text developed new mode of practicing testimony through the act of remembrance of the past collective memory.
Characterization of Glomerular and Tubulointerstitial Proteomes in a Case of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug–Attributed Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Parikh Samir V. , Madhavan Sethu , Shapiro John , Knight Richard , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Parikh Chirag R. , Rovin Brad , Menez Steven ,   for the Kidney Precision Medicine Project
Published: November 2022

The major goals of the Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMPP) are to establish a molecular atlas of the kidney in health and disease and improve our understanding of the molecular drivers of CKD and AKI. In this clinical-pathologic-molecular correlation, we describe the case of a 38-year-old woman without any history of CKD who underwent a research kidney biopsy in the setting of AKI suspected to be due to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory use after cesarean section delivery. The participant's histopathology was consistent with mild acute tubular injury, without significant interstitial fibrosis or tubular atrophy. This diagnosis was supported by analysis of the glomerular and tubulointerstitial proteomes. The proteomic interrogation revealed a molecular landscape that demonstrated differences in kidney prostaglandin synthesis that may be in response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and signs of intrarenal inflammation and fibrosis that were not evident by histopathology alone.
Negation of Equivalence Principle
Authors: Yao Kexin
Published: November 2022

According to the electric charge and the elastic coefficient of the object independent of the motion of the object, and based on the similar properties of the gravitational field and the electrostatic field, it is concluded that the gravitational mass of the object is a constant independent of the motion of the object. However, experimental results show that the inertial mass of the object is related to the motion of the object. Therefore, it is considered that the principle of equivalence is not satisfied. As the object moves at a low velocity, the principle of equivalence is approximately true, so it is concluded that the general theory of relativity is applicable to all space celestial bodies. When the object is moving at high velocity, the principle of equivalence is not satisfied, so the general theory of relativity is not the truth. According to the principle of force balance, it is concluded that the velocity V of the black hole must be zero. Under the necessary conditions of V = 0, the existence of the black hole cannot be deduced according to the general theory of relativity. Therefore, it is considered that the black hole does not exist in theory. It is also estimated that the density of black hole is more than one million times the neutron density. It is believed that the black hole can never be a real material existence. The principle of black hole observation published on April 10, 2019 was considered theoretically wrong against the common sense of physics. The photos of the black hole halo taken at eight observation points in the world are judged to be untrue.
Efficacy of creatine supplementation in elderly resistance training practitioners
Authors: Coimbra Beatriz Zimermano , Borges Ericks Domiciano , Higuchi Mayara , Mansano Marcelo Valentim , Abreu Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado de
Published: November 2022

In old age, the reduction in muscle strength occurs faster than the reduction in muscle mass, which are hallmarks of sarcopenia, that is, a progressive reduction in strength and muscle mass. One of the strategies to mitigate these losses, in elderly, there is resistance training (RT) as an alternative, and association with creatine supplementation has been used. The effects of creatine supplementation in intermittent activities, such as sports, especially in strength and resistance training, are well described, but with divergent results regarding the mechanism of benefit. The search was restricted to articles published between 2012 and 2022, in all languages available in Pubmed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Scielo and LILACS databases. It was found that creatine supplementation in elderly people increases strength and muscle mass gain, resulting in a better quality of muscle function, and consequently of life, for the public studied.
Nurses’ performance in front of children and adolescents in situations of sexual violence: An integrative review of the literature
Authors: Rocha Karen Heloísa Xavier , Matos Widson Davi Vaz de , Coelho Patrícia dos Santos Moutinho , Costa Mayara Oliveira , Figueiredo Junior Adilson Mendes de , Môra Lídia Batista de , Sales Mariana Elizabeth Lopes de , Santos Geraldo Viana , Santos Arielle Lima dos , Costa Claudeth Freiras da , Gomes Naellem Filocreão Batista Portilho , Ferreira Vanessa Santos , Barra Karolaine de Oliveira , Vasconcelos Renata Arielle Brito de , Dias Ingrid Galvão , Araújo Taynara Golçalves de , Oliveira Adriano Portugal de , Barros Iago Lago de , Iwanaga Gisele Sayuri Sousa , Fonseca Lais Celeste Medeiros Mendes da , Bulhões Michele , Castilho Francinéa de Nazaré Ferreira de , Miranda Yara Farias
Published: November 2022

Objective: To describe, through a bibliographic survey, the role of the professional Nurse in relation to children and adolescents in situations of sexual violence, aiming to highlight the role of nurses in this type of assistance. Method: An integrative review study carried out in the LILACS, SciELO and BDENF databases, using the PRISMA recommendations (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Seven full articles were listed, published between 2010 and 2020. Results: We found many publications on the subject. Among the findings, national, qualitative studies with an exploratory-descriptive method predominate. In addition, the articles show that the difficulties that nurses encounter when performing this type of care are notorious, whether due to lack of knowledge, fear of making mistakes and even the taboo in which the subject is involved. Conclusion: The results allow us to conclude that sexual abuse in minors is a major challenge for sectors and professionals, as it demands investments and more permanent training actions for nurses in all health care networks for better assistance by this professional. , as well as improving the guidelines that nurses can pass on to family members regarding the issue of complaints.
Identification of therapeutic potential phytochemicals against the SARS CoV-2 spike protein of omicron variant by Molecular docking techniques
Authors: Kumar Rathan
Published: November 2022

Repeated mutations in the SARS CoV-2 have resulted in the emergence of various life-threatening variants including omicron, triggering a systemic crisis in global human health. Due to the unavailability of any specific antiviral treatment, the effectiveness of the currently available drugs or vaccines against this variant remains doubtful. Phytochemicals from their known medicinal plants were selected with the antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and screened to study their therapeutic potential and druglikeliness properties. A library of 15 phytochemicals from various medicinal plants was constructed and their binding energies were calculated by docking them against the spike protein of the SARS CoV-2 omicron variant using the AutoDock software. Subsequently, the pharmacokinetic properties like ADME and drug likeliness properties were also calculated. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an antimalarial drug was chosen as the standard in docking analysis, displaying the binding energy of -5.22 kcal/mol whereas, Glycyrrhetic acid showed the highest binding energy with the value of -9.02 kcal/mol. Besides, all these 15 phytochemicals showed higher binding energy (≤ -7.00 kcal/mol) with the better pharmacokinetic properties leading them a viable drug candidate to treat the infection caused by omicron variant.
Descripción de las larvas de cinco especies de Listrochelus (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) del noroeste de México
Authors: Cuate-Mozo Víctor Alfonso , Lugo-García Gabriel Antonio , Aragón-García Agustín , Reyes-Olivas Álvaro , Sánchez-Portillo Juan Fernando , Sánchez-Soto Bardo Heleodoro
Published: November 2022

Se describen las larvas del tercer estadio de Listrochelus cristagalli (Arrow), L. granti Saylor, L. juvenilis (Fall), L. nogueirana (Morón) y L. yaqui Saylor con ejemplares procedentes del municipio El Fuerte, Sinaloa, México. Las larvas se recolectaron en parcelas de temporal, cultivadas con frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sandía (Citrullusvulgaris Schrad), maíz (Zea mayz L.), zacate buffel (Pennisetum sp.) y en vegetación natural con remantes de bosque tropical caducifolio. Se incluyen ilustraciones de las estructuras características y comentarios sobre las diferencias taxonómicas. Se presenta una clave para identificar las especies del género Listrochelus.
Biological systematics: Principles and applications, 3ra edición por A.V.Z. Brower y R. Schuh. Cornell University Press, 2021, Ithaca, Nueva York
Authors: Garzón-Orduña Ivonne J.
Published: November 2022

Reseña de la recientemente publicada tercera edición del libro de texto Biological Systematics: Principles and Applications por Andrew V.Z. Brower y Randall Schuh.
Seismic Performance Evaluation of a Multi Storey RC Structure Subjected to Strong Ground Motions
Authors: V Priyanka , M Roopa
Published: November 2022

Abstract: A tremor or a movement of the ground occurs during an earthquake on Earth's surface. Earthquakes can also cause landslides and volcanic eruptions. Natural disasters or human activity can produce earthquakes, which are defined as seismic events generating seismic waves. Earthquakes most commonly occur when geological faults rupture, however they can also occur as a result of volcanic eruptions, landslides, mine explosions, and nuclear testing. The study of structural behavior towards different ground motions is therefore one of the main criteria to determine damage intensity. Structural Analysis of a residential building is carried out by using ETabs Software. Present study is intended to study the dynamic behavior of Multistorey Reinforced Concrete structure by considering, an existing G+13 storey residential building is modeled and its structural behaviour is studied using Time history method by considering different high intensity earthquakes. The behaviour of the building is studied mainly for its base shear, Storey displacement and maximum joint displacement.
Psychological Effects of Body Shaming in Adolescence
Authors: V Rahul Bharadwaj , P Aishwarya , SR Akshaya
Published: November 2022

Abstract: This study aims to determine the degree to which peers, the media, and social media influence adolescents' body image, individual shame of other people for their appearances, and stress that results in a number of psychological consequences and also the impacts of negative body image and its influence on quality of life. We should be conscious of the fact that we were all formed differently. We shouldn't be ashamed of being unique. Boys and girls, you are both gorgeous inside and out, regardless of how big your waist, stomach, or scale reading may be
Survey, Traffic Analysis & Design of Four-lane elevated road (Flyover) in the city of Hubli, Karnataka.
Authors: Fadnaik Mr. Mohd. Aqdas Y. , Deulkar Mr. Vinay
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Hubli-Dharwad is now increasing in importance as a Commercial, Industrial, and educational centre. Traffic congestions in the city is increasing day by day due to extensive urbanization and industrialization along the Hubli-Dharwad belt, this has led to major intersections in the cities being saturated resulting in traffic congestion and delays subsequently increasing the vehicle operating cost and pollution levels in the cities. Rani Chennamma Junction in the city of Hubli is one such junction, its seven arms serve as the arterial roads of the Hubli city. The old NH-4 connecting the NH 48 is the southern arm of the junction, NH-67 (previously NH-63) forms the two arms of the junction, NH-52 heading towards Vijayapura makes the north arm of the junction, the rest arms of the junction are Arterial roads of Hubli city. As per the Comprehensive Traffic & Transportation Plan (CTTP) report, some of the junction experiences traffic snarls and needs an immediate attention in terms of engineering interventions. It is also noted that there is lack of pedestrian’s facilities at most of the major junctions that need to be investigated to avoid pedestrian vehicular conflicts at junction. The traffic trend observed in the CTTP report requires treatment at this junction to decongest the junction in the form of grade separated structures so that the majority portion of vehicles can bypass the at-grade conflicts and greatly reduce the traffic conflict points. This Study shall provide engineering solutions to cater to the increased congestion on the seven-arm Rani Chennamma junction.