bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ripidinelia burmiticola gen. nov. et sp. nov. from Cretaceous amber—the first species of Ripidiinae with tibial spurs (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae)

Authors: BATELKA JAN , PROKOP JAKUB
Published: December 2019

The parasitic wedge-shaped beetle Ripidinelia burmiticola gen. nov. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae: Ripidiinae) is described and illustrated based on a single male inclusion preserved in a mid-Cretaceous amber of Myanmar. The species shows an unique combination of characters, i.e., three-segmented maxillary palpi known for example in another Cretaceous genus Protoripidius Cai, Yin et Huang, 2017 and some extant Australian genera, 11-segmented antennae with three basal antennomeres simple and remaining antennomeres bearing long rami, known for example in extant genus Ripidius Thunberg, 1806 but unique among Cretaceous Ripidiinae, and each tibia armed by one tibial spur. Additional seven males including one double and one triple syninclusions from the same deposit are ascribed to the same genus. The presence of tibial spurs in Ripidinelia gen. nov. requires redefinition of the subfamily Ripidiinae, because tibial spurs were absent in all so far known species of the subfamily.
Tingiphatnoma andreneli sp. nov., a new tingid bug from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber (Heteroptera, Tingidae)

Authors: MAKSOUD SIBELLE , AZAR DANY , HUANG DIYING
Published: December 2019

The Tingidae Laporte, 1832 is a family of small Hemiptera that are commonly referred to as lacebugs because the pronotum and fore wings of the adult have a delicate and intricate network of divided areas that resemble lace; they are considered as the sister group of Miridae (Schuh & Stys, 1991; Schuh et al., 2009). Tingidae are distributed worldwide with about 2,500 described species (Guilbert et al., 2014). They live on plants and are strictly phytophagous (sap-suckers).
A rare new treefrog of the genus Sarcohyla (Anura: Hylidae) from Guerrero, Mexico
Authors: GRÜNWALD CHRISTOPH I. , FRANZ-CHÁVEZ HECTOR , MORALES-FLORES KAREN I. , AHUMADA-CARRILLO IVAN T. , JONES JASON M.
Published: December 2019

Based on morphological data collected from treefrogs related to Sarcohyla hazelae, we describe a new species of the genus Sarcohyla from the cloud forest of the Sierra Madre del Sur of Guerrero, Mexico. We compare physical charactersitics of this new species to its closest relatives within the genus Sarcohyla, including dorsal and ventral coloration, head shape, tympanum distinctiveness, morphometrics and the condition of the tubercles on hands and feet. We analyze accoustic data from the advertisement call of males of the new species. We discuss the relationship of the species described herein with several of its cogeners, plus we resurrect the Sarcohyla hazelae group for these frogs. We describe habitat and distribution species related to Sarcohyla hazelae and also comment on the conservation priorities of these frogs.
Two new species of Enderleina Jewett (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from northern Brazil
Authors: HAMADA NEUSA , DA SILVA JEFERSON OLIVEIRA
Published: December 2019

Enderleina Jewett, 1960 is a small genus of Perlidae with seven species occurring in Venezuela and northern Brazil. Specimens deposited in the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil, identified formerly as E. flinti Stark, 1989 (n = 3) and E. yano Stark, 1989 (n = 6), were determined to represent three taxa, two of which are new species. Both new species were collected in Amazonas State, Brazil and are distinctive within the genus due to their unique adult color patterns. The third taxon is represented by a female similar to E. khazeni Derka & Tierno Figueroa, 2013, the male of which was described from the nearby Gran Sabana, Venezuela. However, since the female of this species is not known, the specific identity of this female cannot be assigned specifically with confidence. In this paper, we describe two new species of Enderleina from Brazil, clarifying the specific status of the Enderleina specimens in the collection of INPA, and correcting the geographical distributions of E. flinti and E. yano. There are no valid records of these two species for Brazil. Currently, four species of the genus are known from Brazil.
Synergism between Catholicism and Indigenous Spirituality within the Drug Addiction Rehabilitation Program of Takiwasi, a Therapeutic Community in the Peruvian High-Amazon
Authors: Dubbini Alberto , Gallizioli Marco , Friso Fabio , Torres Jaime , Mabit Jacques , Politi Matteo
Published: December 2019

The association between spirituality and medicine is unfolding as a research theme that may have increasing practical implications in healthcare systems. Both spiritual and scientific dimensions are present within the treatment protocol for addiction applied at the Takiwasi Center, a pioneer therapeutic community that combines western approaches, including psychotherapy, biomedicine, and Catholic practices, with traditional Amazonian medicine. Through a series of open-ended and semi-structured interviews conducted on nine workers of the center during fieldwork research and comparison with the information obtained from literature review, the present article aims at testing the existence of an effective synergy between Catholic religiosity and indigenous-mestizo spirituality within the therapeutic process performed at the Takiwasi Center and puts in evidence some stimulating and problematic issues that arise from this synergy.
To the edge and beyond: How fast-response organizations adapt in rapidly changing crisis situations
Authors: Schakel Jan Kees , Wolbers Jeroen
Published: December 2019

Fast-response organizations excel in mounting swift and coordinated responses to unexpected events. There are a multitude of conflicting explanations why these organizations excel. These range from acknowledging the strengths of centralized command and control structures, towards stressing the importance of decentralized, improvised action. Though this dichotomy is derived from studies offering either structure or action-based explanations, we were able to reconcile these insights by looking into the process of how fast-responders organize themselves during an unfolding crisis. We analyzed 15 high-speed police pursuits crossing multiple administrative units and jurisdictions, and interviewed and observed officers at work in multiple operations centers, police cars, and helicopters. Our analysis uncovered that fast-responders regularly transition between designed, frontline, and partitioned modes of organizing, each characterized by practices that shape command, allocation, and information sharing. Success and failure are rooted in the ability of the responders to adapt their mode of organizing by tacking back and forth between these practices. Based on our findings, we constructed a process model that provides a deeper understanding of fast-response organizing that informs future studies on organizing in extreme contexts.
Designed to S(m)ell: When Scented Advertising Induces Proximity and Enhances Appeal
Authors: Ruzeviciute Ruta , Kamleitner Bernadette , Biswas Dipayan
Published: December 2019

Prior research on the use of scent in advertising has shown that scent can enhance the memorability of and engagement with an ad. However, can scenting an ad also change the way consumers perceive and react to the advertised product? This research provides new insights for this question and demonstrates an additional facet of scent: its ability to physically represent the essence of a target product and thus induce a sense of proximity. Through six studies, the authors show that scented ads enhance consumers’ sense of proximity of the advertised product and consequently increase product appeal. In line with the proposed visceral nature of the effect, this effect holds even for unpleasant scents but is contingent on the scent’s ability to represent the advertised product. The effect is weakened when the product is physically close. The findings of this research have implications for when and why firms should use scented ads.
Performing ambiguous policy: How innovation events simultaneously perform change and collaborative order
Authors: Andersson Cederholm Erika , Hall Patrik
Published: December 2019

The aim of this article is to analyse how innovation policy is staged and legitimised through the dramatised social process of an event. The context is taken from an annual event, Skåne Innovation Week, which is arranged by the regional innovation system in Skåne, Sweden. Innovation systems often organise similar events internationally, which appear to play a key role in performing inter-organisational collaboration between actors from the public sector, industry and research, as well as manifesting belief in the globalised imaginaries of innovation systems. Through the analytical lens of the event as a social drama, the article examines how the event – and thus, innovation policy – is represented in commemorative films and website documents through which three meeting practices are identified: mingling and hanging out, scripted meeting models and spatial staging. The article argues that these meeting practices and their performed interactive social forms sustain the vagueness and ambiguity inherent in innovation policy, particularly between stability and change. The event can be viewed as a form of performative government that maintains a political order while simultaneously hailing its practices as transformative.
How Do Academic Institutions Evaluate Their History?
Authors: Rothman Adam
Published: December 2019

These remarks, shared at the “Legacy and Mission: Theological Education and the History of Slavery” conference at Princeton Theological Seminary, provide an overview of how Georgetown University is addressing its history with slavery and its afterlives.
Model Pluralism
Authors: Veit Walter
Published: December 2019

This paper introduces and defends an account of model-based science that I dub model pluralism. I argue that despite a growing awareness in the philosophy of science literature of the multiplicity, diversity, and richness of models and modeling practices, more radical conclusions follow from this recognition than have previously been inferred. Going against the tendency within the literature to generalize from single models, I explicate and defend the following two core theses: (i) any successful analysis of models must target sets of models, their multiplicity of functions within science, and their scientific context and history and (ii) for almost any aspect x of phenomenon y, scientists require multiple models to achieve scientific goal z.
Output tracking control of high-order nonlinear systems with dynamic uncertainties
Authors: Sun Zong-Yao , Gu Yu-Jie , Meng Qinghua , Sun Wei , Liu Zhen-Guo
Published: December 2019

This paper investigates the output tracking control problem for a class of nonlinear systems with zero dynamic. On the basis of adding a power integrator method and approximation technique, an appropriate controller is proposed to guarantee that the tracking error turns to a preassigned neighborhood of the origin. The systems under investigation allow unmeasurable dynamic uncertainties, unknown nonlinear functions and unknown high-order terms. As an application, two examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of a control strategy.
The effect of air-conditioner operation modes on the energy-saving capacity of external wall insulation in residential buildings
Authors: Deng Qinli , Liu Daoru , Zhou Zeng , Ma Sha
Published: December 2019

In this study, subjective questionnaires and a building energy simulation were utilized to investigate the impact of air conditioner operation on the energy consumption/savings of a model building with different types of exterior wall thermal insulation. The results indicate that an intermittent energy usage mode is generally used in residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas. Air conditioner operation behavior is affected by the human thermal experience. The greater the indoor temperature deviates from the human comfort range, the higher the air conditioner operation frequency. Under continuous energy usage mode, the annual heating and cooling effect of the exterior thermal insulation was found to be better than that of interior thermal insulation. Under the intermittent energy usage mode without considering residents’ temperature tolerance, the annual heating and cooling effect of the interior thermal insulation was better than that of the exterior insulation. Under the intermittent energy usage mode considering tolerance levels, the energy-saving effect of the interior and exterior thermal insulation of the exterior wall was different. In the case of low and medium temperature tolerance, the annual heating and cooling energy-saving effect of the interior thermal insulation was better than the exterior thermal insulation; in the case of high tolerance, the heating and cooling energy saving effect of the exterior thermal insulation was better.
Metaphorical and Interlingual Translation in Moving Organizational Practices Across Languages
Authors: Piekkari Rebecca , Tietze Susanne , Koskinen Kaisa
Published: December 2019

Organizational scholars refer to translation as a metaphor in order to describe the transformation and movement of organizational practices across institutional contexts. However, they have paid relatively little attention to the challenges of moving organizational practices across language boundaries. In this conceptual paper, we theorize that when organizational practices move across contexts that differ not only in terms of institutions and cultures but also in terms of languages, translation becomes more than a metaphor; it turns into reverbalization of meaning in another language. We argue that the meeting of languages opens up a whole new arena for translator agency to unfold. Interlingual and metaphorical translation are two distinct but interrelated forms of translation that are mutually constitutive. We identify possible constellations between interlingual and metaphorical translation and illustrate agentic translation with published case examples. We also propose that interlingual translation is a key resource in the discursive constitution of multilingual organizations. This paper contributes to the stream of research in organization studies that has made translation a core aspect of its inquiry.
The digital border: Mobility beyond territorial and symbolic divides
Authors: Chouliaraki Lilie , Georgiou Myria
Published: December 2019

In this article, we develop a definition of the digital border as an assemblage of mediations that articulates digital and other technologies with symbolic resources to draw boundaries of inside/outside both on the ground (territorial border) and in narrative (symbolic border). We subsequently sketch the contours of this assemblage through an emphasis on its dynamics of mediation, its dialectics of resistance and its trajectories of historicity and argue for the significance of this conceptualisation of the digital border in migration research.
Digital materialities in the diasporic mourning of migrant death
Authors: Horsti Karina
Published: December 2019

This article examines memorialization among the family and friends of those who have died at the world’s deadliest border in the Mediterranean Sea. Digital media platforms are central spaces for new, innovative forms of coping with ambiguous loss or the inability to mourn over a dead body. The analysis focuses on the role of digital media technologies and the relationship between digital and material elements in memorialization. I examine the creation and circulation of digital objects of memorialization: visual assemblages in which the material and digital intertwine. The analysis demonstrates that digital media practices are not separate from the material world, nor do they make mourning and memorializing less human or less authentic. On the contrary, in transnational and mobile circumstances, digital technologies facilitate human, ethical engagement with complicated grief. Memorializing is crucial for both the private and the public lives of diasporic communities. In Europe, public recognition of the memorialization of refugee deaths would increase understanding of the human consequences of the border, allowing the dead to be seen as individuals with human relationships rather than as numbers.
Economic evaluations of palliative care models: A systematic review
Authors: Mathew Christine , Hsu Amy T. , Prentice Michelle , Lawlor Peter , Kyeremanteng Kwadwo , Tanuseputro Peter , Welch Vivian
Published: December 2019

Background:

Palliative care aims to improve quality of life by relieving physical, emotional, and spiritual suffering. Health system planning can be informed by evaluating cost and effectiveness of health care delivery, including palliative care.

Aim:

The objectives of this article were to describe and critically appraise economic evaluations of palliative care models and to identify cost-effective models in improving patient-centered outcomes.

Design:

We conducted a systematic review and registered our protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42016053973).

Data sources:

A systematic search of nine medical and economic databases was conducted and extended with reference scanning and gray literature. Methodological quality was assessed using the Drummond checklist.

Results:

We identified 12,632 articles and 5 were included. We included two modeling studies from the United States and England, and three economic evaluations from England, Australia, and Italy. Two studies compared home-based palliative care models to usual care, and one compared home-based palliative care to no care. Effectiveness outcomes included hospital readmission prevented, days at home, and palliative care symptom severity. All studies concluded that palliative care was cost-effective compared to usual care. The methodological quality was good overall, but three out of five studies were based on small sample sizes.

Conclusion:

Applicability and generalizability of evidence is uncertain due to small sample sizes, short duration, and limited modeling of costs and effects. Further economic evaluations with larger sample sizes are needed, inclusive of the diversity and complexity of palliative care populations and using patient-centered outcomes.
Being Someone or Something Else in the Dream: Relationship to Thin Boundaries
Authors: Schredl Michael
Published: December 2019

Being something or someone else or being younger in dreams are quite rare topics. In this study, the relationship between boundary thinness and these topics was studied. A sample of 444 students completed the Typical Dream Questionnaire and the Boundary Questionnaire. As expected, persons with thin boundaries dreamed more often being something or someone else or being younger reflecting the traits associated with boundary thinness, for example, good memory for childhood experiences and fluid sexual identity. Although large dream samples would be necessary, the next step would be to look at dream content, for example, whether being someone or something else is related to positive or negative emotions.
Assessment of plasma homocysteine levels in patients with craniocerebral injury and prognosis
Authors: Zhang Wenjia , Qin Zhongqiao , Xian Kecong , Tang Shuhong
Published: December 2019

Objective

To investigate the effect of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with craniocerebral injury.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of data from patients with craniocerebral injury who underwent surgery. Patients were stratified according to the extent of the craniocerebral injury into severe, moderate and mild craniocerebral injury groups. Serum Hcy and CRP levels were determined at admission, at 7 days after treatment and at 3 months after injury. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were undertaken to identify prognostic factors.

Results

The study enrolled 96 patients: 29 patients with mild injury; 33 patients with moderate injury; and 34 patients with severe injury. Serum Hcy and CRP levels at admission were significantly higher in the severe craniocerebral injury group than in the other two groups; and they were significantly higher the moderate craniocerebral injury group compared with the mild craniocerebral injury group. Serum Hcy and CRP levels of the three groups of patients were significantly lower after 7 days of treatment than those before treatment. The levels of Hcy and CRP were positively correlated in all three groups.

Conclusion

Serum Hcy and CRP levels in patients could be used to monitor the condition and prognosis of patients with craniocerebral injury.
The efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate/formoterol compared with fluticasone propionate/salmeterol in treating pediatric asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guan Renzheng , Liu Yanli , Ren Dunqiang , Li Jinfeng , Xu Tao , Hu Haiyan
Published: December 2019

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate/formoterol (FP/FORM) versus fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SAL) in treating pediatric asthma during a 12-week treatment cycle.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials of FP/FORM compared with FP/SAL in treating pediatric asthma were searched systematically using Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register.

Results

Two articles including 546 patients were evaluated. The FP/SAL group showed obvious improvements in pre-dose forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) from day 0 to 84, asthma symptom scores, and sleep disturbance scores compared with the FP/FORM group; however, the FP/FORM group had improved peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). In terms of 2-hour post-dose FEV1 from day 0 to 84, 2-hour forced expiratory flow at 25%, 50%, and 75%, and 2-hour forced vital capacity, we observed no significant differences between the two groups. For safety, including patients with at least one adverse event, bronchitis, cough, or pharyngitis, both groups had similar incidences, differing only in incidence of nasopharyngitis.

Conclusion

Compared with FP/FORM, FP/SAL showed a clear improvement in pre-dose FEV1, asthma symptom scores, and sleep disturbance scores. However, FP/FORM resulted in improved PEFR with a lower incidence of nasopharyngitis.
Protective effects of increased outdoor time against myopia: a review
Authors: Zhang Jun , Deng Guohua
Published: December 2019

Myopia has become a major cause for concern globally, particularly in East Asian countries. The increasing prevalence of myopia has been associated with a high socioeconomic burden owing to severe ocular complications that may occur with progressive myopia. There is an urgent need to identify effective and safe measures to address the growing number of people with myopia in the general population. Among the numerous strategies implemented to slow the progression of myopia, longer time spent outdoors has come to be recognized as a protective factor against this disorder. Although our understanding of the protective effects of outdoor time has increased in the past decade, considerably more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of action. Here, we summarize the main potential factors associated with the protective effects against myopia of increased outdoor time, namely, exposure to elevated levels and shorter wavelengths of light, and increased dopamine and vitamin D levels. In this review, we aimed to identify safe and effective therapeutic interventions to prevent myopia-related complications and vision loss.
Iranian public libraries’ capacities in preserving and disseminating intangible cultural heritage
Authors: Seifi Leili , Soltanabadi Marziyeh
Published: December 2019

Since public libraries in Iran have a rich and strong intangible cultural heritage, it is important to study the capacities of these libraries. For this purpose, the method implemented for the study was the Delphi technique. The population of the study consisted of 30 experts and researchers who were selected through targeted sampling. Based on the findings of this study, the roles of Iranian public libraries were the provision of intangible cultural heritage by collecting from local areas, holding public exhibitions and re-narration of intangible cultural heritage. This study further emphasizes the application of intellectual property rights and provision of infrastructure of information technology by Iranian public libraries for the preservation and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage. Concerning research findings, Iranian public libraries are considered one of the knowledge cultural centers for diversity within society that, through preservation and dissemination of intangible cultural heritage, could play a significant role in promotion of the individual’s awareness.
Management of Failed Proximal Biceps Surgery: Clinical Outcomes After Revision to Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis
Authors: Savin David D. , Waterman Brian R. , Sumner Shelby , Richardson Catherine , Newgren John , Gowd Anirudh K. , Romeo Anthony A.
Published: December 2019

Background:

The preferred surgical technique to manage biceps–superior labral pathology is often debated, and rates of revision and persistence of pain vary widely according to surgical technique and patient characteristics.

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of patients undergoing revision subpectoral tenodesis after failed primary tenodesis or tenotomy of the long head of the biceps.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

All patients undergoing revision biceps management by the senior surgeon between 2006 and 2016 and with a minimum 24-month follow-up were retrospectively identified. Patients being treated with concomitant rotator cuff repair or capsular release were excluded. Patient characteristic variables were recorded. Patient-reported outcomes including the functional score, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), visual analog scale (VAS), Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons were obtained, and range of motion, strength, and complications were quantified.

Results:

In total, 25 patients with revision biceps tenodesis were identified at a mean follow-up of 76.5 ± 31.5 months. The average age was 44.4 ± 14.3 years, and the surgical indications included failure of index suprapectoral biceps tenodesis (56%), subpectoral biceps tenodesis (36%), and patient dissatisfaction after tenotomy (8%). There was a significant improvement in the VAS score ( P < .001), SANE ( P = .001), SST ( P = .035), functional score ( P < .001), and forward elevation ( P = .028), whereas postoperative strength ( P = .440), abduction ( P = .100), and external rotation ( P = .745) improvement failed to achieve statistical significance after revision surgery. There was no difference in postoperative outcome measures between modes of failures, concomitant procedures, and sex. Twenty-two (88%) patients reported high satisfaction and stated they would have this revision surgery again. The overall complication rate was 48%, with half of these reporting pain of >3 on a scale of 10 and 4% of patients requiring additional surgeries.

Conclusion:

The current study demonstrates high patient satisfaction (88%) and significant improvement in functional outcomes with revision biceps tenodesis, a mini-open subpectoral technique, after previous failed tenodesis or tenotomy. Although this may be an effective strategy to address failed prior biceps surgery, the potential complication of persistent pain must be emphasized. Patients should be counseled on the high complication rate (48%), with persistent pain being the most common complaint.
If Your Rural Community Is Failing, Just Leave? The Revival of Place Prosperity in Rural Development Planning
Authors: Hibbard Michael , Lurie Susan
Published: December 2019

Rural-urban disparities exposed by the Great Recession have rekindled interest in place prosperity approaches to rural development. The conventional wisdom has been skeptical about the efficacy of locality development, preferring to assist rural people to relocate. As a practical matter, however, people are not leaving. The secular trend toward metropolitanization may be ending, reviving interest in place prosperity. One strategy, sometimes termed the new natural resource economy, aims at place prosperity through innovative approaches to resource management and agriculture. We report some of the results of an empirical study of NNRE in Oregon and their implications practice and scholarship.
Exercising war: How tactical and operational modelling shape and reify military practice
Authors: Öberg Dan
Published: December 2019

This article analyzes how contemporary military training and exercises shape and reify specific modalities of war. Historically, military training has shifted from being individual- and experience-oriented, towards becoming modelled into exercise environments and practices. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with military officers, exercise controllers, and war-game designers, the article distinguishes between tactical training, characterized by military functions embodied through weapon platforms in a demarcated battlespace, and operational training, characterized by administrative and organizational processes embodied through self-referential staff routines. As military exercises integrate the tactical and operational dimensions into a model for warfare, they serve as blueprints for today’s battles at the same time as they perpetuate a martial viewpoint of the world. As a result, preparations for potential future conflicts constitute a fertile ground for apprehending the becoming of war.
Moderating Effects of Logistics Infrastructure Development and Real Sector Productivity: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Arshed Noman , Hassan Muhammad Shahid , Khan Muhammad Umair , Uppal Arslan Arif
Published: December 2019

A well-oiled logistics sector physically moves the economy towards higher growth. A developed logistics infrastructure facilitates backward and forward linkages in global trade and manages the business cost of accessing markets. Logistics sector facilitates sectorwise growth in a way that it eases goods transmissions mechanisms. This study has assessed four indices of logistics which are road, rail, air and sea transport by forming indices using 13 indicators. Auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL)bound approach-based long-run results show that, for the case of Pakistan, development in the road transport has highest potential in growth productivity of agriculture and services sector, while sea transport performed best in industrial sector.
Any Sign of Virtual School Garden Exchanges? Education for Sustainable Development in School Gardens since 1992: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Lochner Johanna , Rieckmann Marco , Robischon Marcel
Published: December 2019

A core aim of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is to link local action with global thinking. In this systematic literature review, we quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed a sample of 158 peer-reviewed articles on school gardening. Our particular interest was in Virtual School Garden Exchanges (VSGEs). In VSGEs, learners plant school gardens and use digital media (e.g., videos, photos, video conferences) to engage in virtual communication about their gardens and related topics. Because this is a new area of research, we approached the broader topic of the ‘school garden’ from three perspectives: (1) the embedding of the global perspective of ESD, (2) the use of digital media, and (3) the establishment of international exchanges between school gardeners. Just 14 articles directly incorporated these three perspectives and were thus analyzed in more detail using a qualitative content analysis. As a result, we identified possible directions for future research on VSGE.
An EU Regularization Directive. An effective solution to the enforcement deficit in returning irregularly staying migrants
Authors: Hinterberger Kevin Fredy
Published: December 2019

A key challenge in migration governance at the EU level has been that of ‘combatting’ irregular immigration. Perhaps one of the most pressing structural problems regarding the EU’s return policy is the enforcement deficit in returning irregularly staying migrants. Even though Member States must issue a return decision according to the Return Directive, only 40% of such decisions are enforced. Despite all of the political and legal efforts made, the EU is not making any significant progress in enforcing the rules laid down in the Return Directive. This contribution explores a different legal approach that is already used rather extensively in national legislation of EU Member States, which targets irregular residence through a differentiated system of granting residence permits, that is, regularizations. Hence, this paper argues for an EU Regularization Directive, which could contribute to a reduction in the number of irregularly staying migrants. Through such a Directive, which would complement the existing EU return policy, a more effective ‘combatting’ of irregular immigration at the EU level could be achieved.
Why do lower courts refer in the absence of a legal obligation? Irish eagerness and Dutch disinclination
Authors: Krommendijk Jasper
Published: December 2019

The majority of requests for a preliminary ruling from the EU Court of Justice comes from lower national courts. This is surprising because such courts are, contrary to the highest national courts, not obliged to refer on the basis of Article 267 TFEU. This article examines why Dutch and Irish lower courts have decided to refer or not in the absence of such a legal obligation. It does so on the basis of an analysis of court decisions complemented with 45 interviews with judges and legal secretaries. The article shows that there is a wide variety of reasons (not) to refer, including pragmatic and practical considerations. Politico-strategic reasons play a smaller role than one would expect on the basis of the literature to date. The most important factor affecting the courts’ willingness to refer is the way in which lower court judges see their role in relation to the highest court(s). This factor also explains the difference between Ireland and the Netherlands. While most Irish references are made by lower courts, around two thirds of the references in the Netherlands stem from the highest courts. Most Irish judges adopted a ‘better sooner than later’ logic, while the majority of Dutch judges emphasized that the highest courts have more time and expertise.
Non-discrimination and free movement in a Member State to Member State fiscal dispute: Case C-591/17 Austria v. Germany: Case C-591/17 Austria v. Germany, EU:C:2019:504
Authors: Chapuis-Doppler Augustin , Delhomme Vincent
Published: December 2019

In its judgement in the case of Austria v. Germany, the Court of Justice of the EU found the new German motorway financing scheme to be in breach of EU law, namely Articles 18, 34, 56 and 92 TFEU. This decision is noteworthy in several regards. It is a snub for the Commission, which had previously decided to terminate its infringement procedure against Germany. It provides guidance for Member States wishing to reform some of their tax arrangements according to the ‘user pays’ and ‘polluter pays’ principles. Finally, it raises interesting questions regarding the application of Article 34 TFEU to fiscal measures.
Diversity of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains from pigs across Ontario, Canada
Authors: You Qiumei , Eidt Jason , Bell-Rogers Patricia , Cai Hugh Y.
Published: December 2019

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes highly contagious swine enzootic pneumonia worldwide. It has been reported that highly diversified M. hyopneumoniae strains exist in different parts of the world. We found p146 gene sequencing analysis, an affordable and simple-to-perform typing method, to be specific and highly sensitive when applied to the molecular typing of 113 M. hyopneumoniae–positive clinical samples directly without culture. The samples were submitted to the Animal Health Laboratory at the University of Guelph (Ontario, Canada) during 2009–2017 from 40 different geographic areas in Ontario. Using a previously described criterion of grouping strains with < 4-bp differences into the same molecular type ( p146 type), the 113 clinical samples clustered into 19 p146 genotypes. Dominant types were found in 2016 and 2017 only, indicating that highly diversified M. hyopneumoniae strains existed in Ontario. Some strains from the same geographic location but different years had the same sequence types, indicating that the same strain types circulate persistently in the field. Different p146 genotypes were also identified from similar geographic locations, indicating that either M. hyopneumoniae strains are prone to mutation or that multiple strains can infect the same or nearby swine production units.
Prognostic Awareness, Disease and Palliative Understanding Among Caregivers of Patients With Dementia
Authors: Gabbard Jennifer , Johnson Devin , Russell Greg , Spencer Shenita , Williamson Jeff D. , McLouth Laurie E. , Ferris Keren G. , Sink Kaycee , Brenes Gretchen , Yang Mia
Published: December 2019

Background:

Persons with dementia (PwD) often have significant cognitive deficits and functional limitations, requiring substantial caregiver assistance. Given the high symptom burden and terminal nature of dementia, good prognostic awareness and integration of palliative care (PC) is needed.

Objective:

To evaluate prognostic awareness, disease, and PC understanding among caregivers of PwD and to assess for improvements in routine care.

Design:

A cross-sectional study of 2 cohorts at a single-academic medical center. Surveys were mailed to 200 caregivers of PwD in 2012 (cohort 1). Surveys were sent to new subset of caregivers of PwD (n = 80) in 2018 (cohort 2) to assess trends over time.

Results:

A total of 154 of caregivers completed the survey (response rate 55%). Compared to 2012, a higher proportion of caregivers in 2018 reported having conversations about prognosis with PwD’s physicians (25% in 2012 vs 45% in 2018; P = .027). However, a large percentage (43% in 2012 and 40% in 2018) of caregivers reported no understanding of the PwD’s prognosis. Despite most stating dementia was not curable, only 39% in 2012 and 52% in 2018 ( P = .015) understood that dementia was a terminal disease. In addition, only 32% in 2012 and 40% in 2018 ( P = .39) felt that they were knowledgeable about PC.

Conclusions:

Prognostic discussions between caregivers of PwD and the PwD’s physicians may be occurring more often; however, a high percentage of caregivers report a poor understanding about the terminal nature of dementia and the role of PC.
Strengthening Vicarious Resilience in Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Narrative Approach to Couples Therapy
Authors: Francis Laughlin Charity , Rusca Kaitlyn A.
Published: December 2019

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is correlated with numerous adverse effects, both intrapersonal and interpersonal. Couples where one or more partners is a CSA survivor often report problems in social/relational adjustment, emotional expressiveness, revictimization, low relationship satisfaction and stability, and sexual dysfunction. Despite the adverse effects of CSA, some individuals with a history of CSA retain typical levels of functioning, and data from studies of resilience in CSA survivors suggest the importance of social and relational support for favorable outcomes. Resilience is not only an individual factor but also a social, ecological process, and research on vicarious resilience in therapist–client relationships suggests that resilience can be transmitted across relationship systems through a combination of witnessing resilience stories and beliefs about the possibility of resilience and its transmission. We suggest that in romantic partnerships (including nonheteronormative configurations) where one or more partners has a history of CSA, narrative couples therapy is well suited to address the systemic impacts of trauma and resilience by facilitating the transmission of each partner’s resilience to the other. Two narrative interventions, mapping and definitional ceremonies, are suggested to facilitate the transmission of resilience within the couple system through the sharing and witnessing of each other’s subjugated resilience narratives, thereby promoting a re-authored preferred identity based on acceptance, strength, and agency rather than shame, avoidance, and interpersonal difficulty.
Foot and Ankle Related Sex-Specific Analysis Within High-Impact Journals
Authors: Gianakos Arianna L. , George Nicole , Merklein Meghan , Chambers Lori , Ferkel Richard , DiGiovanni Christopher , Kennedy John G.
Published: December 2019

Background:

The impact of patient sex on the prevalence of foot and ankle injuries has been established. Reporting of differences on treatment outcomes is lacking. The purpose of this study was to identify trends in sex-specific outcomes across high-impact journals over a 5-year time period.

Methods:

Two independent investigators reviewed journal issues published during 2 calendar years (2011 and 2016) in the 5 highest-impact orthopedic foot and ankle/sports subspecialty journals ( Foot & Ankle International [ FAI], Foot and Ankle Surgery [ FAS], American Journal of Sports Medicine [ AJSM], Arthroscopy, and Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy [ KSSTA]). Studies were stratified into those that involved sex-specific analysis (SSA), where sex was a variable in a multifactorial statistical model, and those that only reported sex as a demographic characteristic or utilized sex-matched cohorts.

Results:

A total of 473 studies evaluating a total of 273 128 patients met criteria. An average of 43.9% (119 967 patients) of the population were female. Only 16.7% (79/473) of studies included sex as variable in a statistical model. Thirteen percent (25/193) and 19.3% (54/280) of studies reported SSA in 2011 and 2016, respectively. FAI was the only journal demonstrating a significant improvement of reporting SSA from 2011 to 2016 ( P < .002). Thirty percent (24/79) of studies that performed SSA demonstrated significant differences between male and female outcomes.

Conclusion:

Reporting of SSA in the orthopedic literature continued to be lacking. Only 16.7% of all articles evaluated in 2011 and 2016 performed SSA, with 30% of this subset reporting a statistically significant difference in outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.
Healthcare professionals’ attitudes of implementing a chemotherapy electronic prescribing system: A mixed methods study
Authors: Cracknell Annette (Netty) V
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Recent research has investigated the attitudes of healthcare professionals when implementing electronic healthcare systems such as electronic medical records or electronic prescribing in primary care. There is limited research on implementation of electronic prescribing in secondary care and no published research exploring implementation of systemic-anticancer therapy (includes chemotherapy, TKIs, monoclonal antibodies, etc) electronic prescribing. By considering what attitudes healthcare professionals had towards the implementation of systemic-anticancer therapy (SACT) electronic prescribing systems, recommendations could be developed and used to aid successful future implementations.

Methods

This mixed methods study was in three phases. The first phase was a qualitative exploration of attitudes of healthcare professionals towards the implementation of a systemic-anticancer therapy electronic prescribing system, with the development of a questionnaire based on these findings. This was followed by a quantitative second phase where the results from the questionnaire were used to assess if the qualitative results could be generalised to a larger population. Further progression in phase three looked at developing recommendations based on the factors found in order to aid future implementations for hospitals.

Results

Thirteen factors were found relating to attitudes of healthcare staff when implementing systemic-anticancer therapy electronic prescribing. Nine of these factors were cited by other researchers when implementing other electronic healthcare systems. Four factors appeared to be specific to systemic-anticancer therapy electronic prescribing implementations. Nineteen recommendations were proposed when implementing a systemic-anticancer therapy electronic prescribing system.

Conclusion

This is the first study, to our knowledge, to examine the attitudes of healthcare professionals when implementing a systemic-anticancer therapy electronic prescribing system and the first to define important factors and list recommendations to manage these.
Anxiety in young people with autism spectrum disorder: Common and autism-related anxiety experiences and their associations with individual characteristics
Authors: Lau Boon Yen , Leong Ruth , Uljarevic Mirko , Lerh Jian Wei , Rodgers Jacqui , Hollocks Matthew J , South Mikle , McConachie Helen , Ozsivadjian Ann , Van Hecke Amy , Libove Robin , Hardan Antonio , Leekam Susan , Simonoff Emily , Magiati Iliana
Published: December 2019

Anxiety is common in autism spectrum disorder. Many anxiety symptoms in autism spectrum disorder are consistent with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.) anxiety disorders (termed “common” anxieties), but others may be qualitatively different, likely relating to autism spectrum disorder traits (herein termed “autism-related” anxieties). To date, few studies have examined both “common” and “autism-related” anxiety experiences in autism spectrum disorder. We explored caregiver-reported Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent version data from a multi-site (United Kingdom, Singapore, and United States) pooled database of 870 6- to 18-year-old participants with autism spectrum disorder, of whom 287 provided at least one written response to the optional open-ended Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale-Parent item 39 (“ Is there anything else your child is afraid of?”). Responses were thematically coded to explore (a) common and autism-related anxiety presentations and (b) their relationship with young people’s characteristics. Nearly half of the responses were autism-related anxieties (mostly sensory, uncommon, or idiosyncratic specific phobias and worries about change and unpredictability). The other half described additional common anxieties not covered in the original measure (mostly social, weather and environmental disasters, and animals). Caregivers of participants who were more severely affected by autism spectrum disorder symptoms reported more autism-related, as compared to common, additional anxieties. Implications for the assessment and understanding of anxiety in autism are discussed.
Judicial decisions, intellectual virtues and the division of labour
Authors: De Brasi Leandro
Published: December 2019

In this paper I argue that, given that one epistemic goal of judicial decision-making is to reach reasonably plausible decisions, the divisions of epistemic and cognitive labour help processes of judicial decision-making to better promote that goal under certain conditions. Those conditions concern the possession of a certain intellectual character (in particular, a humble and autonomous character) by the subjects exploiting those divisions of labour and the existence of a certain diversity among those subjects. So, in order to better promote reasonably plausible decisions, we should take measures that make it likely that those divisions of labour are exploited under those conditions. Given this, some prescriptive recommendations are made.