bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Love wave propagation in a piezoelectric layer imperfectly bonded over a cracked porous half-space
Authors: Sadab Mohd , Kundu Santimoy
Published: June 2023

This article explores the characteristics of Love wave in a piezoelectric layer imperfectly bonded over a heterogeneous fluid-saturated cracked dual porous half-space. The governing equations of the piezoelectric layer are solved analytically to determine mechanical displacement and electrical potential. Dispersion equations have been established using suitable boundary conditions for electrically open and electrically short conditions. In a particular case, the dispersion equation is reduced to the classical Love wave equation, which validates the present mathematical model. The effect of different parameters (like imperfection, dielectric constant, piezoelectric, and inhomogeneity) on phase velocity has been discussed theoretically and graphically, along with a comparative study by considering two piezoelectric materials, namely, PZT-4 and BaTiO3.
Optimal force-balance control of closed-loop sensing systems with time delay
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Xia Lei , Wu Bin , Huan Ronghua , Huang Zhilong
Published: June 2023

Differing from the response control in civil and engineering applications, the excitation in a closed-loop sensing system is unknown and the control is designed to balance and measure the unknown excitation in real time. In this paper, a novel optimal force-balance control for a closed-loop sensing system with time delay is proposed. By introducing the errors between the control force and the unknown input as new variables, the force-balance control problem is transformed into a response minimization one with a time delay. Then, the discretization method is applied, and the continuous time system with time delay is converted into an extended discrete system without time delay, from which the analytical expression of the optimal force-balance control force is obtained. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control, the optimal control of a practical quartz flexible force-balance accelerometer (FBA) is solved as an application. Numerical results show that the proposed control can realize the accurate measurement of wide-band random acceleration signals with a time delay of up to 10 times of control period. Besides, the proposed control can also significantly inhibit the vibration response of the FBA while guaranteeing measurement accuracy, which will benefit the obtaining of a large dynamic measurement range as a sensing application.
Hyperbilirubinemia in hospitalized patients: Etiology and outcomes
Authors: Kwon Joshua Y , Nietert Paul J , Rockey Don C
Published: June 2023

There is little information on the differential diagnosis and prognosis of hospitalized patients with hyperbilirubinemia. Here, we hypothesized that hyperbilirubinemia in hospitalized patients is associated with specific diseases and outcomes. This retrospective cohort analysis included patients admitted to the Medical University of South Carolina with a total bilirubin >3 mg/dL from January 9, 2015 to August 25, 2017. Collected clinical data included demographics, primary diagnosis, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), laboratory data, and clinical outcomes. We separated and analyzed the cohort into seven primary diagnostic groups. We identified 1693 patients with a bilirubin level >3 mg/dL. The cohort was 42% female, had an average age of 54, average CCI of 4.8, and average length of stay of 13 days. The causes of hyperbilirubinemia included the following: primary liver disease (868/1693; 51%) with cirrhosis being most common (385/1693; 23%), benign biliary obstruction (252/1693; 15%), hemolytic anemia (149/1693; 9%), malignant biliary obstruction (121/1693; 7%), unknown etiology (108/1693; 6%), primary liver cancer (74/1693; 4%), and metastatic cancer to the liver (57/1693; 3%). Overall, the mortality/discharge to hospice rate in patients with a bilirubin >3 mg/dL was 30%, and was proportional to the severity of hyperbilirubinemia, including when controlling for the underlying severity of illness. Mortality was highest in patients with primary liver disease and malignancy and was lowest in patients with non-cancerous obstruction or hemolytic jaundice. Hyperbilirubinemia in hospitalized patients is most often due to primary liver disease, and identifies patients with a poor prognosis, particularly when caused by primary liver disease or cancer.
The Effect of Clofibrate and Phototherapy on Prolonged Jaundice due to Breast Milk in Full-Term Neonates
Authors: Eghbalian Fatemeh , Raeisi Roya , Faradmal Javad , Asgharzadeh Amin
Published: June 2023

Introduction:

Jaundice is one of the most common problems during infancy. It is believed that breast milk jaundice is one of the reasons for the persistence of jaundice after 14 days of prolonged jaundice. This study evaluates the effect of Clofibrate and phototherapy on prolonged jaundice originating from breast milk in term and healthy neonates.

Materials And Methods:

This double-blind clinical trial study was performed on 100 randomly divided neonates in the neonatal ward of Besat Hospital. In addition to phototherapy, the case group received a single dose of edible Clofibrate (50 mg/kg) dissolved in 2 CCs of distilled water. The control group received the same amount of distilled water as the phototherapy group. After treatment, bilirubin change rate, duration of hospitalization, and any association with gender, gestational age, hemoglobin, blood type, and Rh of neonates were determined and compared throughout the 2 groups.

Results:

Data analysis showed that the bilirubin reduction rate was statistically significantly higher in the case group than in the control group ( P < .05). The mean duration of hospitalization and phototherapy in the case group was significantly lower than in the control group ( P = .005). The bilirubin reduction rate was not affected significantly by gestational age, blood type, or Rh.

Conclusion:

This study’s results demonstrated that Clofibrate effectively decreased bilirubin levels and shortened the duration of phototherapy and hospitalization in infants with probable breast milk jaundice.

Registration:

IRCT2012092910933N1
Body image perception and dissatisfaction in resistance training practitioners: A critical review of the literature of Brazilian studies and assessment tools used
Authors: da Silva Vinícius Suedekum , Martins Jeniffer Caroline Watte , Fochesatto Annelise , de Souza Carolina Guerini
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to review the findings on body image (BI) dissatisfaction and muscle dysmorphia (MD) in Brazilian RT practitioners and the differences in the assessment tools used. A critical review of studies with searches in PubMed, Brazilian Virtual Health Library, SciELO, PsycInfo, and SPORTDiscus databases was conducted. A total of 23 studies were included. Nine tools were used to assess BI dissatisfaction or MD: three questionnaires and six visual scales. The overall mean BI dissatisfaction was 56.5% (59.2% in men vs 57.3% in women). The mean MD was 42.4% (45.1% in women vs 38.5% in men). BI dissatisfaction and MD are related to women seeking slimness and men wanting to increase muscle mass. In conclusion, the frequency of BI was high in both sexes, and MD, when identified, was higher in women. The scales and questionnaires used differ significantly in depth and scope for the same purpose.
Supportive use of digital technologies during transition to adult healthcare for young people with long-term conditions, focusing on Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A scoping review
Authors: Orpin Joy , Rodriguez Alison , Harrop Deborah , Mills Elizabeth , Campbell Fiona , Martin-Kerry Jacqueline , Turner James , Horsman Janet , Painter Jon , Julian Maddie , Dimitri Paul , Howsley Philippa , Swallow Veronica
Published: June 2023

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the second most common chronic or long-term condition (LTC) affecting young people (YP); when transitioning from paediatric to adult healthcare, young people with LTCs such as T1DM are expected to self-manage medication, diet and clinical appointments. This scoping review aimed to analyse research examining ways digital health technologies were used to support YP with LTCs during transition from paediatric to adult healthcare and to establish YP’s needs, experiences and challenges when transitioning. We aimed to identify knowledge gaps and inform development of a novel chatbot with components such as avatars and linked videos to help YP with T1DM gain self-management confidence and competence during transition. Nineteen studies identified through searching five electronic databases were included in this review. A combination of digital health technologies was used to support transition of YP with LTCs to adult healthcare. Barriers to successful transition were reported and YP described the importance of social relationships and transition readiness and expressed the need for individualised interventions that acknowledge social factors such as work and college. No supportive chatbots with components to help YP with T1DM were identified. This contribution will inform future development and evaluation of such a chatbot.
An instrumental insight for a periodic solution of a fractal Mathieu–Duffing equation
Authors: El-Dib Yusry O , Elgazery Nasser S , Alyousef Haifa A
Published: June 2023

The primary goal of the present study is to investigate how to obtain a periodic solution for a fractal Mathieu–Duffing oscillator. To achieve this, the fractal oscillator in the fractal space has been transformed into a damping Mathieu–Duffing equation in the continuous space by employing a new modification of He’s definition of the fractal derivative. The required analytical periodic solution has been based on the rank upgrade technique (RUT) presented. The RUT successfully generates a periodic solution without sacrificing the damping coefficient by creating an alternate equation, aside from any challenges in managing the impact of the linear damping component. The homotopy perturbation method (HPM) has been used to find the required periodic solution for the alternate equation. A comparison of the numerical solutions of the original equation and the alternative equation showed good agreement. The stability behavior in the non-resonance case as well as in the sub-harmonic resonance case has also been discussed. Further, another method, “the non-perturbative approach”, that deals with the obtained equation has been introduced.
Suspicious compassion: On affect and state power in the Dutch asylum procedure
Authors: Hertoghs Maja
Published: June 2023

This paper offers a glimpse into the affective work inherent in the practices, objects, and institutional design of the Dutch procedure for seeking and granting asylum. In doing so, I develop the concept of suspicious compassion to make sense of the productive tensions and affects generated in the process of subjecting applicants to a meticulously designed procedural itinerary. Along this itinerary, applicants must ‘open up’ to different immigration officers, who gather and interrogate distressing and intimate information, and inscribe such information in the reports that travel to the next stop on the itinerary. While applicants wait, their accounts are scrutinized by officers in the quiet of ‘objective’ decision-making. By following the procedural itinerary and analyzing the affective complex of suspicious compassion, I contribute to scholarship on asylum and suspicion, and to the study of intimacy and affect in state bureaucracies, moving beyond a focus on single emotions and individual feelings.
Experimental and numerical analysis of unburned ammonia and nitrous oxide emission characteristics in ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engine
Authors: Niki Yoichi
Published: June 2023

Ammonia (NH3) combustion has been investigated as a carbon-free fuel for internal combustion engines. The marine sector attempts to use NH3 as fuel for diesel engines. However, NH3 combustion in diesel engines can emit unburned NH3 and nitrous oxide (N2O) via the greenhouse effect, and the mechanisms of emission production remain unclear. In this study, the combustion of a premixed NH3–diesel dual-fuel initiated by a pilot fuel is investigated experimentally and numerically. The experiments reveal a change in combustion phasing and emission characteristics for up to 80% of the energy fraction of NH3. As the energy fraction of NH3 increases, the onset of combustion is delayed, the center of combustion is slightly advanced and then retracted, and the end of combustion is slightly advanced. NO and unburned NH3 emissions increased, whereas CO emission decreased as the energy fraction of NH3 increased; by contrast, N2O emissions increased. However, the increase in N2O diminished when the energy fraction of NH3 increased by 40% or more. Computation fluid dynamics simulations based on n-heptane and ammonia reaction kinetics qualitatively reproduced the experimental results. The numerical analysis facilitates the understanding of the underlying phenomena of emission via ammonia–diesel dual-fuel combustion. N2O formation can be categorized into two stages: a steep formation of N2O with main heat release and CO2 production, followed by a relatively low formation rate of N2O with a decreasing rate of NH3 decomposition and reduction in CO2 production. The early injection of pilot fuel allowed the pilot fuel to distribute to the wide area of the combustion chamber and NH3 to rapidly combust without remaining N2O. The rapid combustion eliminates the second stage of relatively slow combustion, which generated N2O. The low NH3 and N2O emissions observed experimentally with the early pilot fuel injection may be due to this mechanism
Cultural intelligence as a predictor of organizational outcome
Authors: Lee Abel P
Published: June 2023

Since its introduction less than two decades ago, cultural intelligence (CQ) has emerged as a new field of research against the backdrop of globalization to advance our understanding of the required capabilities for individuals and firms to function effectively in contexts characterized by cultural complexity. Despite its recognition as an independent factor within a multi-loci framework of intelligences influencing individual and organizational outcomes, CQ’s nature and conceptualization on the three levels of analysis currently identified are still ambiguous. Consequently, CQ’s associations with proposed outcomes are also undertheorized. Upon a review of the literature, this paper will advance three main arguments, First, aside from the original individual level, clarification is required for CQ on the team and firm levels as to whether it is a collective manifestation of individual CQ or something entirely different. Second, organizational outcomes related to CQ have not been fully imagined, particularly in the contexts of transformations of organizational structures and leadership configurations in the modern economy. Third, the current theoretical framework and future research agenda can be enriched by adding an ethical dimension and a meta-firm level of analysis.
Social Marketing: Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour to Predict Open Defecation Free Behaviour Among Households in Ghana
Authors: Nnindini Sayibu Ibrahim , Dankwah Justice Boateng
Published: June 2023

Background

Despite global efforts to combat the menace of open defecation, the phenomenon persists, particularly in developing nations. It is estimated that about 14% of Sub-Saharan Africa’s population still practice open defecation.

Focus

The study sought to examine the behavioral and psychological mechanisms that influence attitudes toward open-defecation-free behavior in Ghana by applying a behavior change theory.

Key Hypotheses

The following hypotheses were formulated and tested by this study: households’ attitude towards open defecation-free has a significant positive relationship with the actual open defecation-free behavior, household’s subjective norms towards open defecation-free have a significant positive relationship with their actual open defecation-free behavior and households’ perceived behavioral control over open defecation free has a significant positive relationship with their actual open defecation free behavior.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 550 respondents. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique.

Results

All three variables of the theory of planned behavior were found to have a positive significant influence on Ghanaian households’ actual open defecation-free behaviors. Demographics such as income, educational level, and availability of latrines were found to moderate the relationships between subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and households’ actual open defecation behavior.

Importance to Social Marketing Field

The study extends the current literature on social marketing by demonstrating that the theory of planned behavior could be used to predict people’s attitudes toward open-defecation-free behavior. Though the theory of planned behavior has been empirically proven as a good predictor of behavior, by moderating its relationship with open defecation-free behavior with demographic variables our model fleshes out more nuances of the theory, thereby contributing to the development of a social marketing theory.

Recommendations for Research or Practice

This study employed a cross-sectional survey; hence it may presume static relationships among the constructs which can be cured by a future longitudinal study that could explain the pattern of behavior change. The study recommends that government facilitates the provision of latrines for households by providing financial assistance to those who cannot afford the construction of latrines. A social marketing campaign should also be adopted to encourage the use of latrines.
The Pre-Implementation Phase of a Project Seeking to Deliver a Community-Based CVD Prevention Intervention (SPICES-Sussex): A Qualitative Study Exploring Views and Experience Relating to Intervention Development
Authors: Grice-Jackson Thomas , Rogers Imogen , Ford Elizabeth , Van Marwijk Harm , Topham Catherine , Musinguzi Geofrey , Bastiaens Hilde , Gibson Linda , Bower Mark , Nahar Papreen
Published: June 2023

Background.

Community-led health care interventions may be an effective way to tackle cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, especially in materially deprived communities where health care resources are stretched and engagement with institutions is often low. To do so effectively and equitably, interventions might be developed alongside community members through community engagement.

Objectives.

The aim of this project was to carry out stakeholder mapping and partnership identification and to understand the views, needs, experiences of community members who would be involved in later stages of a community-based CVD prevention intervention’s development and implementation.

Methods.

Stakeholder mapping was carried out to identify research participants in three communities in Sussex, United Kingdom. A qualitative descriptive approach was taken during the analysis of focus groups and interviews with 47 participants.

Findings.

Three themes were highlighted related to intervention design (a) Management: the suitability of the intervention for the community, management of volunteers, and communication; (b) Logistics: the structure and design of the intervention; and (c) Sociocultural issues, the social and cultural expectations/experiences of participants and implementers.

Conclusions.

Study participants were open and willing to engage in the planned community-based intervention, particularly in elements of co-design and community-led delivery. They also highlighted the importance of sociocultural factors. Based on the findings, we developed recommendations for intervention design which included (but were not limited to): (a) a focus on a bottom-up approach to intervention design, (b) the recruitment of skilled local volunteers, and (c) the importance of fun and simplicity.
Mechanism of Exosomal LncRNA PART1 in Esophageal Cancer Angiogenesis by Targeting miR-302a-3p/CDC25A Axis
Authors: Ding Naixin , Song Xue , Yu Hongliang , Wang Jie , Huang Lei , Zhou Yiqin , He Xia
Published: June 2023

Objective

LncRNA PART1 has been confirmed related to multiple cancer bioactivities mediated with vascular endothelial growth factor signaling. Nevertheless, the role of LncRNA PART1 in esophageal cancer induced angiogenesis remains unclear. The present work focused on assessing LncRNA PART1 effects on esophageal cancer–induced angiogenesis and exploring possible mechanisms.

Methods

Western blot and immunofluorescence were conducted for identifying EC9706 exosomes. MiR-302a-3p and LncRNA PART1 levels were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU, wound healing, transwell, and tubule information were adopted for detecting human umbilical vein endothelial cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and tubule information, respectively. Starbase software and dual-luciferase reporter were conducted for predicting and judging the expression interrelation of LncRNA PART1 and its potential target-miR-302a-3p. The same methods were carried out for verifying the inhibiting influences of miR-302a-3p upregulation and its potential target-cell division cycle 25 A.

Results

LncRNA PART1 levels were upregulated and related to the overall survival of patients in esophageal cancer. EC9706-Exos accelerated human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tubule formation via LncRNA PART1. LncRNA PART1 served as a sponge of miR-302a-3p, then miR-302a-3p targeted cell division cycle 25 A, and EC9706-Exos accelerated human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis via LncRNA PART1/ miR-302a-3p/cell division cycle 25 A axis.

Conclusion

EC9706-Exos accelerates human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis via LncRNA PART1/miR-302a-3p/ cell division cycle 25 A axis, indicating EC9706-Exos may act as a promoter of angiogenesis. Our research will contribute to clarify the mechanism of tumor angiogenesis.
Considering Time: Practical Applications for Supporting Students With Disabilities in Hispanic Serving Institutions
Authors: López Eric J. , Watts Gavin W. , Davis Mariya T.
Published: June 2023

Time is a concept often spoken and written about, but rarely identified as an asset for individuals with disabilities, particularly in Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSI). The following discusses how systems and processes are impacted by time. The article further focuses on practical applications associated with time in supporting students with disabilities transitioning and acculturating to HSIs.
Spontaneous obliteration of a spinal perimedullary fistula
Authors: Nagendra Shashank , Ahmed Syed Uzair , Krings Timo
Published: June 2023

We herewith report a young patient who had an incidental spinal vascular malformation of the cervicomedullary junction discovered during a work-up for anosmia. Angiography demonstrated a perimedullary spinal arteriovenous fistula with supply from lateral spinal arteries arising from bilateral V3 level segmental arteries. It was decided to manage the patient conservatively with magnetic resonance imaging monitored biannually. On a recent follow-up magnetic resonance, nearly 10 years later, we noted a subtle change in caliber and imaging characteristics at the posterior margin of the cervical medullary junction. Repeat digital-subtraction angiography showed no evidence of early venous filling from the previously involved branches. Microcatheter exploration of the right lateral spinal artery confirmed spontaneous occlusion of the spinal perimedullary arteriovenous fistula, without any persistent shunting. Spontaneous resolution of a spinal vascular malformation is rare; this case demonstrates the dynamic nature of shunting vascular malformations and that spontaneous obliteration of arteriovenous shunts is possible.
Hemodynamic outcomes of stenting for vertebrobasilar insufficiency in patients with a low flow state
Authors: White Timothy G. , Bram Richard , Turpin Justin , Shah Kevin A. , Koul Prateeka , Link Thomas , Alaraj Ali , Patsalides Athos , Amin-Hanjani Sepideh , Woo Henry H.
Published: June 2023

Introduction

The Vertebrobasilar Flow Evaluation and Risk of Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke (VERiTAS) study determined patients with low flow in their vertebrobasilar (VB) system are at increased risk of recurrent stroke. Endovascular interventions such as angioplasty and stenting are reserved for patients with refractory symptoms; however, few series to date have demonstrated either hemodynamic or clinical outcomes in this high-risk patient group. We present our combined institutional series of patients with symptomatic VB atherosclerotic disease and low-flow state who underwent angioplasty and stenting.

Methods

Retrospective chart review of patients undergoing angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic VB atherosclerotic disease at two institutions was performed. Clinical and radiographical outcomes were collected including flow rates using quantitative MRA (QMRA) pre- and post-stenting.

Results

Seventeen patients underwent angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic VB atherosclerotic disease and met VERiTAS low-flow state criteria. There were four cases (23.5%) of periprocedural stroke, two of which were minor and transient. The stent was placed intracranially in 82.4% of patients. Basilar and bilateral posterior cerebral artery (PCA) flows significantly improved post-stenting ( p < 0.05) and normalized based upon VERiTAS criteria in all patients. Fourteen patients had delayed QMRA at mean follow-up 20 months demonstrating appropriate patency and flow post-stenting. Two patients (10%) had recurrent stroke, one from medication nonadherence and in-stent thrombosis, and the other from a procedural dissection that subsequently became symptomatic.

Conclusions

Our series demonstrates angioplasty and stenting significantly improve intracranial flow over long-term. Angioplasty and stenting may improve the natural history of low-flow VB atherosclerotic disease.
We Need to be as a Group: Using and Evaluating the Listening Guide in Feminist Collaborative Autoethnography With an Affective ‘Fifth Listen’ as a Tool to (re)construct Identities
Authors: Yeo Emma , Pilson Anna , Rutter Nikki , Hasan Ecem
Published: June 2023

As a UK-based group of female postgraduate researchers, the authors explored their experiences during COVID-19 pandemic through multivocal inquiry via a feminist collaborative autoethnographic project. In this paper, we use the Listening Guide as a tool to revisit and (re)analyse data from the aforementioned project, displaying findings in the form of voice poems. In utilising the Listening Guide, we discovered that listening is less of an exercise and more an art form. While the structured approach of the LG helped to enhance our understandings of wider individual experiences of disability and womanhood, identities that all authors inhabit, we were surprised to find that despite our established mutual trust and superficially similar experiences, we were unable to find emotional resonance through data that wasn’t our own voice. We also found that the traditional stepped process of the LG that incorporates four listens to the data left our interpretations feeling flat. Through reflexivity and the novel collaborative approach we undertook in this analysis, we identified and implemented an augmentation of the Listening Guide process. In this paper, we propose an additional fifth listen, focusing on emotion, to facilitate a more holistic analysis of voice data. We explore how the fifth listen assisted the (re)construction of individual and collective identities, helping us to reshape our understandings. Finally, we elucidate the positives and pitfalls we experienced in the Listening Guide as a data analysis tool, recommending to other researchers the adoption of an iterative, flexible and reflexive approach in using it during collaborative research.
A Novel Approach to Support the Use of Visual Methods when Researching with People Living with Dementia
Authors: Smith Sarah Kate , Mountain Gail Ann , Hawkins Rebecca Jane
Published: June 2023

Accepted methods of enquiry to address qualitative research questions are focus groups and interviews, enabling access to the experiences, opinions, and perspectives of participants. However use of these methods with people with dementia is problematic because this condition can impair verbal communication in addition to other domains. These challenges can have a significant impact when trying to obtain insight from an individual through conversation and discussion. As researchers, we should be creating alternative methods that place equal importance on behaviour that is non-verbal as well as verbal. This contribution highlights the need for the advancement of creative qualitative methods drawing on lessons learned of the benefits and challenges during the development of a novel approach to support the use of visual methods in dementia research.

By focussing on all that is retained and done well, emphasising individual strengths and abilities, offers an increasingly prevalent alternative to existing loss-deficit models that have characterised dementia research in the past. This approach highlights the importance and appropriateness of visual methods in enabling meaning and transparency throughout the research process from ethical approval and consent procedures through to the collection, analysis, dissemination, and impact of the research data.
Agreement of farm animal behaviour and welfare studies with the ARRIVE Essential 10
Authors: Calderón-Amor Javiera , Luna Daniela , Tadich Tamara A
Published: June 2023

The inclusion of animals in research studies involves a great responsibility to ensure animal welfare within the relevant ethical and legal frameworks. This study aimed to review compliance with the ARRIVE Essential 10 requirements and the ethical oversight of animal behaviour and welfare studies in farm animals. Three journals and a total of 133 articles were reviewed for compliance with the ARRIVE Essential 10 items and criteria. Each article obtained a final score according to whether or not each criterion was met within each item. Likewise, ethical declaration in each article was recorded. Chi-square test and linear models were built to assess associations between the ethical statement presentation and the final ARRIVE Essential 10 score with the country, the species, and the journal. We found that 15% of the articles did not present an ethical statement. The journal with the highest impact factor and the countries of the Global South presented an ethical statement more frequently. Regarding the Essential 10, the item with the lowest agreement score was ‘Blinding’ and the one with the highest agreement was ‘Outcome Measures’. Also, significant differences were found between journals in terms of the Essential 10 score. Essential 10 provides relevant information that allows reviewers and readers to identify possible welfare risks and the validity of the results in animal welfare science publications.
Methods of assessing intra-articular distal radial fractures
Authors: Esworthy George , Johnson Nick , Divall Pip , Dias Joseph
Published: June 2023

We systematically reviewed current measurement methods and the imaging modality of choice for intra-articular distal radial fractures. There is no current reference standard measurement method and a lack of evidence comparing them. Radiographs underestimate displacement, with most papers favouring CT.
Real-world dose reduction of standard and modified FOLFIRINOX in metastatic pancreatic cancer: a systematic review, evidence-mapping, and meta-analysis
Authors: Jung Kwangrok , Choi Suhyun , Song Hyunjoo , Kwak Kyuhan , Anh Soyeon , Jung Jae Hyup , Kim Bomi , Ahn Jinwoo , Kim Jaihwan , Hwang Jin-Hyeok , Lee Jong-chan
Published: June 2023

Background:

FOLFIRINOX, used in metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC), is highly efficacious but also toxic. Various dose modifications for FOLFIRINOX have been introduced to reduce toxicity. However, these studies lack a unified pattern for ‘planned’ dose modification, and the ‘actually administered’ dose varied more.

Objective:

To map a 10-year trend for ‘planned’ and ‘actual’ doses of FOLFIRINOX and investigate the clinical outcomes according to dose modification.

Data sources and methods:

A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted from January 2011 to September 2021. All studies for FOLFIRINOX as first-line treatment in MPC were considered. Selected studies were firstly classified according to prospective versus retrospective research, secondly standard versus modified FOLFIRINOX, and thirdly ‘planned’ versus ‘actual’ dose. For evidence-mapping for the trend of dose modification, we developed a web-based interactive bubble-plot program ( www.RDI-map.com ). Objective response rate (ORR) and hematologic toxicity were set as endpoints for the comparison of clinical outcomes according to dose modification.

Results:

A total of 37 studies were identified for evidence-mapping (11 prospective and 26 retrospective studies). There were 12 different types of ‘planned’ dose modification in FOLFIRINOX ranging 75–100% oxaliplatin, 75–100% irinotecan, 0–100% 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus, and 75–133% 5-FU continuous injection. The ‘actual’ dose further decreased to 54–96%, 61–88%, 0–92%, and 63–98%, respectively. For the standard versus modified FOLFIRINOX, the ORR was 28.2% (95% CI: 22.5–33.9%) and 33.8% (95% CI: 30.3–37.3%), respectively ( p = 0.100), and the incidence of febrile neutropenia was 11.6% (95% CI: 0–16.0%) and 5.5% (95% CI: 0–8.9%), respectively ( p = 0.030).

Conclusions:

RDI-map.com enables multifactorial evidence-mapping for practical FOLFIRINOX dose reduction. The pattern of dose modification was not consistent across studies, and there was a significant gap between the ‘planned’ and ‘actual’ doses. Modified FOLFIRINOX showed similar efficacy to the standard regimen with reduced incidence of febrile neutropenia.
Perceptions of Bisexual Individuals Depend on Target Gender
Authors: McGorray Emma L. , Petsko Christopher D.
Published: June 2023

Across three experiments (total N = 1,149), we examine whether bisexual men (more so than women) are viewed as similar to their same-gender gay counterparts and whether bisexual women (more so than men) are viewed as similar to their same-gender heterosexual counterparts. We find support for the notion that bisexual men are stereotyped as more similar to their gay counterparts than bisexual women are. These perceptions of bisexual targets’ stereotypical similarity to their gay counterparts were linked to identity-denying perceptions that bisexual individuals are “actually gay,” a belief held more strongly about bisexual men (vs. women). Bisexual men and women were viewed as possessing stereotypically heterosexual characteristics to similar extents, although bisexual women (vs. men) were indeed more strongly characterized by the identity-denying belief that they are “actually heterosexual.” Collectively, these findings suggest that bisexual men and women encounter different challenges to their identities that may require different interventions.
Case of intraoperative acute pulmonary embolism diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography under general anesthesia and successfully managed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Kurachi Akiko , Ishida Yusuke
Published: June 2023

Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), which carries a high mortality rate, is difficult to diagnose when it occurs intraoperatively. Therefore, patient prognosis depends on a prompt diagnosis by anesthesiologists. A 49-year-old woman underwent right lower extremity dissection due to a contusion of the right lower extremity caused by trauma. Eleven days after surgery, she underwent debridement for necrosis of the amputation wound. Intraoperatively, a drop in blood pressure and tachycardia were observed, and PTE was suspected based on a rapid deterioration in oxygen saturation and a drop in end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed a thrombus filling the right pulmonary artery, and a diagnosis of PTE was made. The patient was treated using venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and thrombectomy was performed the next day to save her life. In this case, we were able to diagnose and treat the intraoperative acute PTE at an early stage. In addition, the appropriate choice of treatment saved the patient’s life without complications.
Multilayer perceptron-based self-care early prediction of children with disabilities
Authors: Ali Rahman , Hussain Jamil , Lee Seung Won
Published: June 2023

Early identification of children with self-care impairments is one of the key challenges professional therapists face due to the complex and time-consuming detection process using relevant self-care activities. Due to the complex nature of the problem, machine-learning methods have been widely applied in this area. In this study, a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN)-based self-care prediction methodology, called multilayer perceptron (MLP)-progressive, has been proposed. The proposed methodology integrates unsupervised instance-based resampling and randomizing preprocessing techniques to MLP for improved early detection of self-care disabilities in children. Preprocessing of the dataset affects the MLP performance; hence, randomization and resampling of the dataset improves the performance of the MLP model. To confirm the usefulness of MLP-progressive, three experiments were conducted, including validating MLP-progressive methodology over multi-class and binary-class datasets, impact analysis of the proposed preprocessing filters on the model performance, and comparing the MLP-progressive results with state-of-the-art studies. The evaluation metrics accuracy, precision, recall, F-measure, TP rate, FP rate, and ROC were used to measure performance of the proposed disability detection model. The proposed MLP-progressive model outperforms existing methods and attains a classification accuracy of 97.14% and 98.57% on multi-class and binary-class datasets, respectively. Additionally, when evaluated on the multi-class dataset, significant improvements in accuracies ranging from 90.00% to 97.14% were observed when compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Solving a Distribution-Free Multi-Period Newsvendor Problem With Advance Purchase Discount via an Online Ordering Solution
Authors: Wang Rui , Yan Xiao , Zhu Chuanjin
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study a distribution-free multi-period newsvendor problem with advance purchase discount (APD). In addition to the regular-order placed at the beginning of each period, a decision-maker (DM) can also commit to an advance-order from the upstream supplier and receive discounts. The goal of the DM is to maximize total profits, and in this problem, the DM only has access to past demand data. To solve this problem, we apply an online method based on the theory of prediction and learning with expert advice to propose an explicit online ordering solution by using the fixed-stock policy as expert advice. With the properties of the gain function, we derive a theoretical result that guarantees, for any given advance-order quantity, the newsvendor’s cumulative gains achieved by the proposed online ordering solution converge to those from the best expert advice in hindsight for a sufficient large horizon. In addition, we extend the problem to the discrete case and obtain the corresponding explicit strategy and performance guarantee. Finally, numerical studies illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, and the newsvendor’s total profits are comparable to the best expert advice. Sensitivity analysis also shows the robustness of the proposed solution.
The Relationship Between Teacher’s Autonomy-Supportive Behavior and Learning Strategies Applied by Students: The Role of Teacher Support and Equity
Authors: Brandisauskiene Agne , Buksnyte-Marmiene Loreta , Cesnaviciene Jurate , Jarasiunaite-Fedosejeva Gabija
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to investigate the role of teacher support and equity in the relationship between teacher’s autonomy-promoting behavior and students’ learning strategies. The approach examines the direct relationship between teacher’s autonomy-supportive behavior and students’ learning strategies and via perceived teacher support. It also discusses the effect of perceived equity for the relationship between autonomy-supportive behavior in teacher’s and teacher support. Data were obtained from 24 secondary schools in nine Lithuanian municipalities with poor socioeconomic level contexts ( N = 632 pupils). The findings revealed that teacher’s autonomy-supportive behavior is directly associated to student’s greater use of learning strategies, as well as through a mediator—student’s perceptions of teacher support. The association between teacher’s autonomy-supportive behavior and teacher support is moderated by students’ perceived equity so that the positive relationship is stronger for students with a higher than with a lower perceived equity. This study adds to the understanding of the importance of teacher behavior for students’ learning by concentrating on equity, which is especially essential for students from low-income families. Teachers may foster equity by providing more possibilities for autonomy for all students, creating a supportive classroom environment and inviting students to be active participants in the learning process.
Identifying Type II workplace violence from clinical notes using natural language processing
Authors: Byon Ha Do , Harris Catherine , Crandall Mary , Song Jiyoun , Topaz Maxim
Published: June 2023

Background:

Type II workplace violence in health care, perpetrated by patients/clients toward home healthcare nurses, is a serious health and safety issue. A significant portion of violent incidents are not officially reported. Natural language processing can detect these “hidden cases” from clinical notes. In this study, we computed the 12-month prevalence of Type II workplace violence from home healthcare nurses’ clinical notes by developing and utilizing a natural language processing system.

Methods:

Nearly 600,000 clinical visit notes from two large U.S.-based home healthcare agencies were analyzed. The notes were recorded from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019. Rule- and machine-learning-based natural language processing algorithms were applied to identify clinical notes containing workplace violence descriptions.

Results:

The natural language processing algorithms identified 236 clinical notes that included Type II workplace violence toward home healthcare nurses. The prevalence of physical violence was 0.067 incidents per 10,000 home visits. The prevalence of nonphysical violence was 3.76 incidents per 10,000 home visits. The prevalence of any violence was four incidents per 10,000 home visits. In comparison, no Type II workplace violence incidents were recorded in the official incident report systems of the two agencies in this same time period.

Conclusions and Application to Practice:

Natural language processing can be an effective tool to augment formal reporting by capturing violence incidents from daily, ongoing, large volumes of clinical notes. It can enable managers and clinicians to stay informed of potential violence risks and keep their practice environment safe.
Applying the Worker Well-Being Framework to Identify Factors that Impact Turnover Among Long-Haul Truck Drivers
Authors: Aryal Ashamsa , Janssen Brandi , Casteel Carri , Fethke Nathan B. , Buikema Brenda , Cho Hyunkeun , Rohlman Diane S.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Drivers in the long-haul trucking industry have chronic health conditions, engage in unhealthy behaviors, and leave the industry at high rates. Previous work has not considered the health and safety outcomes resulting from the conditions of work in the trucking industry and their role in turnover. The goal of this study was to understand the expectations of an incoming workforce, explore how work conditions impact their well-being, and identify strategies for retention.

Methods:

Semi-structured interviews were conducted among current long-haul drivers and supervisors at trucking companies, and students and instructors at trucking schools ( n = 33). Participants were asked about why they decided to enter the industry, their health challenges related to being in the trucking industry and whether these challenges were related to turnover, and strategies for retention.

Findings:

Health conditions, differences in job expectations, and work demands were associated with leaving the industry. Workplace policies and culture (e.g., lack of supervisor support, schedules that limited home time, company size, and lack of benefits) were associated with workers’ intention to leave an organization. Strategies identified to improve retention included integrating health and wellness into onboarding, creating realistic job expectations for those entering the industry, establishing relationships with drivers and dispatchers, and developing policies to limit time away from family.

Conclusion/Application to Practice:

Turnover in the trucking industry is a persistent problem and leads to a shortage of skilled workers, increases the workload, and reduces productivity. Understanding the relationship between the conditions of work and well-being provides a more holistic approach to address the health, safety, and well-being of long-haul truck drivers. Health conditions, differences in job expectations, and work demands were associated with leaving the industry. Workplace policies and culture (e.g., supervisor support, schedules that limited home time, lack of benefits) were associated with workers’ intention to leave an organization. These conditions provide an opportunity for occupational health interventions to promote the physical as well as psychological health of long-haul truck drivers.
Virtual Reality for Pediatric Oncology Port-A-Cath Access: A Pilot Effectiveness Study
Authors: Rygh Louisa , Johal Sonal , Johnson Hana , Karlson Cynthia W.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Port-a-cath procedures are among the most distressing aspects of pediatric cancer treatment. The current study aimed to examine the usability of virtual reality (VR) interventions for children undergoing chemotherapy port-access procedures. Methods: Families ( N = 20) of children with cancer, 4–17 years old ( M = 8.70 years, SD = 3.71), were recruited. Patients and parents rated patients’ dizziness, nausea, pain, and distress, and participants were shown how to use VR prior to the use of the procedure. After port-a-cath access, patients and parents rated pain and distress during the intervention. Semistructured interviews were conducted to examine the usability of the intervention. Result: A significant difference was identified for change in children's pain score for younger children, F(2, 11) = 4.16, p < .05. A significant decrease in fear scores was observed on child and parent reports. The VR headset was used during the procedure by 87.5% of the participants, while the rest used it before but took it off during the procedure, and 85.7% wished to use it again. No concerns were reported by 84.6% of the nurses and 92.3% reported no interference with their workflow. Discussion: More research is needed to fully understand the benefits of VR interventions during children's chemotherapy port procedures. The findings of this pilot study suggest that the use of commercially available VR intervention may reduce children's fear and pain levels during the port-a-cath procedure, especially for younger children.