bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEARNING STYLES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
Authors: Ada Anyamene  , Princewill Ikechukwu Odalonu
Published: February 2022

Understanding a student’s learning style preference is an important consideration when designing classroom instruction. This study investigated learning styles of secondary school students and their implication for guidance and counselling in Awka Education zone, Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. A multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted and used in selecting a sample size of 1,241 students from a population of 6,279 students in public secondary schools. A validated questionnaire titled, Learning Style Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The questionnaire has reliability coefficient alphas of 0.68, 0.64 and 0.77 on each of the learning style cluster. The questionnaire was administered through direct delivery approach. Data was collected and analysed using percentages. The findings revealed that majority of the students have good visual, auditory and kinaesthetic learning styles. Based on the findings, the following recommendations among others were made that school guidance counsellors should take into account the students ‘diverse learning styles in order to design counselling strategies that take care of those diversities and remain sensitive of such during their learning process.
Textbook discussion. Literature: X class
Authors:   Ağdaş şəhər 1 saylı məktəbi müəllim, Ömər qızı Mustafayeva Yaqut , Ağasəf qızı Qasımova Xanım ,   Bakı şəhəri 220 saylı məktəb-lisey filologiya üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru
Published: February 2022

Orta ümumtəhsil məktəblərində artıq neçə illərdir ki, kurikulumla dərs keçilir (Təhsil haqqında” Azərbaycan Respublikasının Qanunu, 2009-cu il) Lakin buna baxmayaraq, problemlər hələ də həddən artıq çoxdur. Bəziləri bu problemlərin kökündə müəllimlərin, bəziləri təhsilalanların, bəziləri valideynlərin dayandığını söyləyir. Lakin çoxluq bunun daha çox dərsliklərlə bağlı olduğunu fikrini dəstəkləyir. Bu gün-bütün dünyada təhsilin daha çox məntiqə əsaslandığı, kütləvi şəkildə informasiya texnologiyalarına qoşulduğu bir zamanda təhsildə geri qalmaq, dünya ilə ayaqlaşmamaq ən azı öz xalqına, öz övladına qarşı bağışlanmaz səhvolardı. Buna görə sosial şəbəkələrdə gedən haqlı, haqsız danlamalar, bir-birini günahlandırmalar çox olur. Bütün bunlar bu məsələnin geniş elmi araşdırmasını və həllini tələb edir. Bu məqalə ilə biz bu məsələ barədə aparılmış araşdırmaların nəticəsi kimi çıxış etdik. Açar sözlər: dərslik, müzakirə, təklif, mövzu, məktəb Yagut Omar Mustafayeva Khanim Aghasaf Gasimova Textbook discussion. Literature: X class Abstract Despite the fact that the curriculum has been taught in secondary schools for many years, there are still many problems [Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan “On Education”, 2009] Although some say that teachers, some students, and some parents are at the root of these problems, many say it is more about textbooks. Today, at a time when education is more based on logic all over the world, and people are increasingly connected to information technology, it would be an unforgivable mistake to be left behind in education, not to keep pace with the world, at least for its own people and children. Therefore, there are many justified and unjustified reprimands and accusations on social networks. All this requires extensive scientific research and resolution of this issue. In this article, we present the results of our research on this issue. Key words: textbook, discussion, suggestion, topic, school
COVİD-19-da müxtəlif yaş qruplarında (reproduktiv və menopauzal) qadınlarda müqayisəvi mənstrual siklə və qadın genital hormonlarına yeni yanaşmalar
Authors:   Azerbaijan Medical University Phd in medicine, Ariz Hamidova Nurana
Published: February 2022

NEW APPROACHES AND ALL-ROUND OVERVIEWS TO THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND FEMALE GENITAL HORMONES COMPARABLY IN WOMEN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS (REPRODUCTIVE AND MENOPAUSAL) IN COVID-19 Abstract The changes in serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS), estradiol, and progesterone that occur both early and late in reproductive life were characterized and compared with findings in young, normal women and in patients with certain menstrual disorders. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been accumulating discussions on social media and blogs indicating that women have experienced menstrual changes, including altered menstrual duration, frequency, regularity, and volume (heavier bleeding and clotting), increased dysmenorrhoea and worsened premenstrual syndrome. Key words: SARS CoV-2, COVİD-19, reproduction, changing in hormonal balans Nurana Ariz Hamidova COVİD-19-da müxtəlif yaş qruplarında (reproduktiv və menopauzal) qadınlarda müqayisəvi mənstrual siklə və qadın genital hormonlarına yeni yanaşmalar Xülasə Reproduktiv həyatın həm erkən, həm də gec dövrlərində baş verən luteinləşdirici hormon (LH), follikül stimullaşdırıcı hormon (FHS), estradiol və progesteronun serum səviyyələrindəki dəyişikliklər səciyyələndirilmiş və gənc, orta yaşlı qadınlarda və müəyyən menstrual siklin müəyyən dövründəki məlumatlar müqayisə edilmişdir. COVID-19 pandemiyasının başlanğıcından etibarən qadınların menstrual dəyişiklikləri, o cümlədən menstruasiya müddəti, tezliyi, nizamlılığı və həcminin dəyişməsi (daha ağır qanaxma və laxtalanma), dismenoreyanın artması və daha da pisləşdiyini göstərən məlumatlar öyrənilir.
Use of solar photovoltaic energy in Azerbaijan
Authors:   Azərbaycan Texnologiya Universiteti magistrant, Vüqar oğlu Qasımzadə Kamran
Published: February 2022

Mövcud ehtiyatlar daim artan enerji tələbatını ödəmək üçün yetərli olmadığından, alternativ enerji mənbələrinin araşdırılması və inkişafı səyləri daha da sürətlənib. Dünyada ətraf mühitin mühafizəsi, iqlim dəyişikliyinin yaratdığı zərərli təsirlər, eləcə də enerji istehsalı və istehlakının ətraf mühitə vurduğu zərərin azaldılması kimi məsələlər bütün bəşəriyyət üzərinə məsuliyyət qoyur. Bu məsuliyyətin tələbi olaraq, milli və beynəlxalq hüquqi tənzimləmələrin edilməsi, enerji istehsalı texnologiyaları və resurs seçimində ətraf mühitə təsirlərin nəzərə alınması, enerji istifadəsində səmərəliliyə maksimum diqqət yetirilməsi kimi məsələlər üstünlük qazanır. Bu məqalədə, Bərpa olunan enerji mənbələri arasında xüsusi yeri olan Günəş və günəş enerjisi, istifadə olunan texnologiyalar, Azərbaycanda günəş enerjisi potensialı, bu sahədə olan inkişafdan bəhs olunmuşdur. Açar sözlər:Günəş, günəş enerjisi, günəş panelləri, fotovoltaik sistemlər, bərpa olunan enerji Kamran Vugar Gasimzade Use of solar photovoltaic energy in Azerbaijan Abstract Efforts to explore and develop alternative energy sources have accelerated as existing resources are not enough to meet ever-increasing energy needs. In the world, issues such as environmental protection, the harmful effects of climate change, as well as reducing the damage caused by energy production and consumption to the environment are the responsibility of all mankind. As a requirement of this responsibility, issues such as national and international legal regulations, taking into account the impact on the environment in the selection of energy production technologies and resources, and maximum attention to energy efficiency are prevailing. This article discusses solar and solar energy, which have a special place among renewable energy sources, the technologies used, the potential of solar energy in Azerbaijan, and the development in this area. Key words: Solar, solar energy, solar panels, photovoltaic systems, renewable energy
PELATIHAN BUDIDAYA HIDROPONIK SISTEM WICK DAN SISTEM TALANG
Authors: Prasetyo Agung , Suswadi Suswadi , Mahananto Mahananto , Prasetyowati Kusriani , Hartoyo Eko
Published: February 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan di Desa Tawangmangu bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan dan mengembangkan kesadaran pentingnya wirausaha sebagai salah satu solusi menghadapi situasi pandemi Covid-19 dan membantu meningkatkan pengetahuan akan budidaya secara hidroponik. Metode yang dipakai guna mencapai tujuan yang dimaksud adalah penyuluhan, pelatihan pembuatan hidroponik sistem wick dan talang (NFT). Penyemaian benih dalam rockwool dan pengukuran kepekatan larutan nutrisi menggunakan TDS meter dan pH meter. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pelatihan budidaya hidroponik sistem wick dan sistem talang mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan mitra akan hidroponik. Mitra dapat memilih sistem yang akan digunakan dalam hidroponik dan mampu mencampur dan mengukur kepekatan larutan agar menyesuaikan dengan jenis tanaman yang diusahakan. Besar harapan penulis bahwa dengan memperkenalkan hidroponik ke pemuda diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kembali ketertarikan pemuda pada dunia pertanian.
MODELING THE MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE HIGH-TECH STARTUPS
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Velikorossov V. V. , Yezhov A. S. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Korechkov Yu. V. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation; International Academy of Business and New Technologies, Yaroslavl Branch of the Financial University under the Government of Russia, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The article examines the management models of innovative high-tech startups. It is proved that organizational activity in the management of innovative high-tech startups is a process of combining the tools and methods of managerial activity necessary to achieve the goals set, the organization of a subordination system within the team based on vertical and horizontal coordination of actions in the startup structure. It is noted that team roles are manifested in the implementation of tasks based on the use of individual qualities of group members. At the same time, their propensities to perform certain functions are revealed. The analysis of concepts that sufficiently describe the role approach in the formation of the management team of a high-tech startup allowed us to conduct a qualitative analysis of the process of startup emergence, predict the psychological portrait of the subjects of the management team, as well as analyze the role imbalance in such teams. It is concluded that a startup is a temporary (starting) state of a corporation, which allows searching for a working business model based on available and attracted material resources, the development and application of innovative technologies in goods, services and processes, as well as the formation of a system of interaction of all stakeholders aimed at results.
ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR SHARING INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Filin S. A. , Batsaikhan I. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the scientific literature of the micro-level of the innovation system – the organizational innovation system. Organizational innovation remains poorly understood at present, especially the processes through which organizational innovation is created, disseminated and sustained. The article provides a more complete understanding of the mechanisms of development and changes in the study of organizational innovation systems. The purpose of the article is to develop complex prerequisites for systematic analysis and the formation of a common understanding of organizational innovations. The stages of the innovation process are closely interrelated and should not be investigated in isolation from organizational innovation systems, which can increase innovation efficiency and reduce uncertainty and the risk of failure in creating innovation.
ADVERTISING AS A GENERATING ECOSYSTEM
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Bryukhanov Yu. M. , Gurina Yu. E. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2022

The article describes the basics of a study conducted to improve the effectiveness of advertising channels in the KVN segment of the humorous games market, which allowed to increase sales and increase the tax base for the formation of the revenue side of the budget of Moscow.
INTEGRATION PROCESSES: MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS AND METHODS FOR THEIR SOLUTION
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Kukushkin S. N. , Budyanu M. S. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the basic concepts and stages of the development of integration processes, identifies the problems of managing integration processes, as well as methods to prevent them.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF CIVIL PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC POLICIES
Authors:   D.A. Tsenov Academy of Economics, Bogdanova Margarita , Parashkevova Evelina ,   D.A. Tsenov Academy of Economics
Published: February 2022

The paper presents the main levels, innovative practices and barriers to digital civic participation in public policies. Digitalization is seen not only as a means of upgrading analog processes, but as an opportunity to create a fundamentally new type of tools for a fast, convenient and innovative way to involve citizens in the government of social processes. The focus is on issues related to the environment that stimulates participation, including through digital tools.
SPECIFIC PROBLEMS UNDER INVESTIGATION FOR CYBERCRIMES
Authors:   University of telecommunications and posts, Krastev Dragomir
Published: February 2022

The manuscript examines the specify problems when investigating cybercrime. Emphasis is placed on the problem of communication with anonymity, tracing back, attribution, non-discretion in digital evidence, as well as with differences in the legislation to separate the problem, to investigate cyber crimes.
THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLECT IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION - FOR THE LIMITS AND THE ETHICAL NORMS
Authors:   University of Economics - Varna, Anreeva Andriyana , Ivanova Veneta ,   Medical University - Varna
Published: February 2022

The present work puts on the field of the doctrinal debates question related to the application of Artificial Intellect in the sphere of higher education. The report has a complex character, combining different points of view of the problem, examined through the prism of the legal and ethical norms. The authors aim to consider questions that are not only of practical importance in view of the growing application of AI in education, including higher education, but to outline the challenges and boundaries of legal regulation and ethical norms. As a result of the analysis, conclusions and summaries and specific proposals were made.
MENINGKATKAN KOMUNIKASI ASERTIF DALAM RELASI SOSIAL PADA REMAJA DI PANTI ASUHAN SOS CHILDREN’S VILLAGE SEMARANG
Authors: Adiwena Bartolomeus Yofana , Priyanto Pius Heru
Published: February 2022

Adolescence is a period when someone begins to build broader social relationships and make decisions independently. However, many cases of adolescent social relationships actually provide negative experiences that hinder their development and threaten their future. Adolescents who live in orphanage have greater vulnerability to trapped in unhealthy social relationships. Assertiveness is the quality of a person to believe in himself, being able to communicate his thoughts, feelings, and emotions without driven by fear of others. Assertiveness assistance to adolescents in orphanages is important because assertiveness is a complement to the values ​​and norms they receive in schools and orphanages. Without assertiveness, their knowledge of values and norms will not be effective. Assertiveness is a psychological construct that can be changed through a behavioral intervention program. With this assertiveness assistance program,we hope adolescents in orphanage could develop positive social relationships and reject negative invitations or pressures that make them trapped in unhealthy relationships, so that their future could be better.
PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN SOAL AKM NUMERASI UNTUK GURU MATEMATIKA SMP di KOTA PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Chandra Tjang Daniel , As'ari Abdur Rahman , Parta I Nengah , Purwanto Purwanto , Nasution Syaiful Hamzah
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

 

Mulai tahun 2021 Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan akan mulai menerapkan asesmen nasional. Asesmen nasional mengukur dua macam literasi yaitu literasi membaca dan literasi matematika ( atau Numerasi ). Salah satu instrumen utama yang digunakan dalam asesmen nasional adalah Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) yang mengukur literasi membaca dan literasi matematika ( numerasi ) siswa. AKM numerasi  merupakan hal yang baru bagi para guru matematika SMP. Oleh karena itu tim pengabdian masyarakat jurusan matematika UM merencanakan mengadakan workshop penyusunan AKM numerasi  bagi  guru matematika SMP di kota Probolinggo. Diharapkan melalui workshop ini, para guru dapat disiapkan untuk membuat soal-soal AKM numerasi.  Dilaksanakan 2 kali workshop. Pada workshop pertama, tim pengabdian memberikan beberapa materi seperti penjelasan  tentang AKM numerasi, pembuatan soal AKM numerasi tentang geometri dan aljabar, dan bagaimana mengemas soal AKM numerasi dalam bentuk e-LKPD. Sebelum acara diakhiri, para guru diminta untuk mencoba membuat soal AKM numerasi dan e-LKPD. Mereka diberi waktu 2 minggu untuk mengerjakan tugas tersebut dan mempresentasikan hasilnya pada workshop kedua. Hasil yang diperoleh dari workshop adalah para guru memperoleh manfaat tentang materi AKM dan bagaimana menyusun soal AKM numerasi.

 

 

Kata Kunci: workshop; soal AKM
Biopython: Comparing the DNA Polymerase I (polA) Gene of Thermophilic, Mesophilic, and Psychrophilic Bacteria
Authors: Adam Chaidir
Published: February 2022

Biopython is a specialized Python tool for computational molecular biology. Various computational molecular analysis that can be performed using Biopython, such as reconstructing phylogenetic trees, multiple sequence analysis, generating complementary sequences, counting amino acids, etc. This technical notes paper describes in detail the procedures computational DNA sequence analysis using Biopython. The DNA polymerase I (polA) gene sequences of bacteria were used in this study to compare the differences between Thermophilic, Mesophilic, and Psychrophilic bacteria.
Foraminiferivory revisited: a preliminary investigation of holes in foraminifera
Authors: Nielsen K. S.S.
Published: February 2022

Planktonic and benthonic foraminiferal tests from modem tropical-subtropical marine environments were investigated with regard to bioerosional traces. The traces found on the foraminiferal tests were grouped into 7 different categories. It is suggested that the different traces may be related to different unknown preda­tors of which at least one is planktonic.
Development of microbial euendolithic communities: The influence of light and time
Authors: Gektidis M
Published: February 2022

The importance of euendolithic microbial communities as a palaeontological tool for the reconstruction of ancient sedimentary basin history has been widely ac- knowledged (Golubic et al. 1975, 1984, Vogel et al. 1995, 1996). This tool can be improved by better knowledge of the relationship between modern microendoliths (rock-penetrating microorganisms) and the environmental conditions they thrive in.
The aim of a long-term study conducted on Lee Stocking Island, Bahamas, was to point out factors that control occurrence, distribution and composition of microbial euendolithic populations. The experimental design and first results are published in Radtke 1993, Kiene et al. 1995, Vogel et al. 1996, Gektidis 1997. This paper deals with one aspect of microendolithic development: the progress and change of community structure in time. Microendolithic biocoenoses are excellent bathymetric indicators (Golubic 1975, Gektidis 1997). However their potential use as indicators for different water depths is influenced by the con­tinuous growth of the endolithic communities themselves and the surrounding benthic microflora. This process will have to be taken into consideration when, following a uniformitarian approach, fossil basins are to be reconstructed by analyzing the fossil microendolithic ichno-communities.
Materials Published by Periodicals of Mari State Pedagogical Institute named for N. K. Krupskaya as a Source of Historical Information
Authors: Ештыганова С.С.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается многотиражная вузовская газета Марийского государственного педагогического института имени Н. К. Крупской (МГПИ). Периодическое издание стало настоящей институтской летописью, зеркалом институтской жизни с 1957 до 2007 года. Актуальность исследования связана с крайней недостаточностью в современном отечественном исследовательском поле работ, анализирующих деятельность Марийского государственного педагогического института имени Н. К. Крупской в целом и его печатной продукции в частности. Цель публикации определяется изучением истории высшего педагогического образования в Республике Марий Эл на основе материалов вузовской многотиражной периодической печати. Газеты института с большей долей точности отражали происходящие события и фиксировали их на своих страницах. Автором показано значение газет института при изучении истории становления и развития высшего педагогического образования в Республике Марий Эл в XX— начале XXI веков.

The article focuses on newspapers which were issued by Mari State Pedagogical Institute named for N. K. Krupskaya and had a rather large circulation. The periodicals chronicled events in the life of the institute since 1957 till 2007. The relevance of the research is accounted for by the fact that Mari State Pedagogical Institute and its periodicals remain largely underinvestigated. The aim of the article is to study the history of higher pedagogical education in the Republic of Mari El through the prism of newspapers issued by the said institute. Newspapers issued by the institute truthfully reflected events in the life of the institute. The author underlines that institute newspapers played an important role in the formation of pedagogical education in the Republic of Mari El in the 20th — early 21st centuries.
Pendampingan Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an Bagi Para Pedagang Pasar Pengkolan Pasawahan Kidul Kec. Pasawahan Kab. Purwakarta
Authors: Dede Kurnia Asep , Jalaludin Jalaludin , Novita Diana
Published: February 2022

Berdasarkan hasil observasi sementara ditemukan banyak pedagang Pengkolan Pasawahan Kidul yang membaca al-Qur’an masih terbata-bata, alasannya beragam, ada beralasan karena sibuk dengan bisnis berdagang mereka masing-masing, sehingga tidak menyempatkan waktu untuk membaca al-Qur’an. Alasan berikutnya karena memang dari kecil tidak lancar baca al-Qur’an, karena orang tuanya tidak perhatian terhadap pendidikan al-Qur’an, hingga terbawa sampai tua saat ini. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan tema Pendampingan Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an Bagi Pada Pedagang Pasar Pengkolan Pasawahan Purwakarta melalui beberapa metode dan pendekatan. Bagi para pedagang yang masih buta huruf arab (hijaiyah), tim PKM menggunakan metode Baghdadiyah, yakni metode ini disebut juga dengan metode “eja”. Bagi para pedagang yang masih terbata-bata tim PKM menggunkan metode iqra, yakni membaca Alquran tanpa dieja, langsung dibaca dengan harakat, diharapkan dengan sering dipraktekan walaupun masih terbata-bata akan semakin lancar. Tidak hanya itu, Tim PKM menggunakan metode tilawati bagi para pedagang yang sudah lumayan lancar membaca al-Qur’an, diharapkan pengenalan metode ini bisa menambah fasihat bacaan al-Qur’an para pedagang Pasar Pengkolan Pasawahan Purwakarta. Selanjutnya bagi para pedagang Pasar Pengkolan Pasawahan Purwakarta yang sudah lancar dalam bacaan al-Qur’an, tim PKM meminta bantuannya untuk menjadi tutor dalam sistem ”bandungan” bagi para pedagang yang belum lancar bacaan al-Qur’annya
Investigation of Nanoparticles Shape Effects on Aligned MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer with Convective Boundary Condition
Authors: Fazillah Bosli  , Alia Syafiqa Suhaimi  , Siti Shuhada Ishak  , Mohd Rijal Ilias  , Amirah Hazwani Abdul Rahim  , Anis Mardiana Ahmad
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the investigation of aligned MHD natural convection flow and heat transfer of a Casson nanofluid past a vertical plate with convective boundary condition. Casson nanofluid are found in a wide range of commercial and technological applications, including dissolved polymers, biological solutions, paints, asphalts, and glues. The governing partial differential equations (PDE) is transformed to ordinary differential equations (ODE) by using similarity transformation. Keller box method is employed to numerically solve the transformed partial differential equations and then the system is solved by Fortran programming. The results for both the velocity and temperature profiles of Casson nanofluid as well as the skin friction and Nusselt number that are affected by nanoparticles shape factor considering parameters aligned angle of magnetic, interaction of magnetic field, volume fraction of nanoparticles, Local Grashof number, Casson parameter and Biot number are presented graphically and in tabulated form. It is also found that the velocity increases while the temperature decreases when the aligned angle of magnetic, interaction of magnetic field, Casson parameter and Local Grashof number increase. The skin friction and Nusselt number increases for all parameters except for Casson nanofluid parameter. For convective boundary condition, Biot number increases when both velocity and temperature profiles increase. The nanoparticles shape of laminar has the highest velocity and temperature while the spherical shape has the lowest for all parameters.
Dermatological Manifestations of COVID-19: Data from a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan dedicated for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Sharif Shawana , Saleem Muhammad Amer , Umar Muhammad , Butt Abdul Quddus , Hashmi Khizra , Abdullah Sumaira
Published: February 2022

Background: Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 disease are poorly characterized around the globe. Data from Pakistan is lacking.

Objective: To describe the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 disease in Pakistani population.

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 virus has rapidly spread reaching the level of a pandemic disease. COVID-19 can affect different organ systems including the skin. There is a wide variety of descriptions of the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19. However, cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 disease are poorly characterized around the globe. The data from Pakistan is especially lacking. Our study was aimed at describing the cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 disease in Pakistani population.

Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Benazir Bhutto Hospital from March 2020 till December 2020. A total of 150 patients were screened by senior dermatology postgraduate trainees who were deployed for the care of COVID-19 patients. The demographics, rash if any along with its complete history and description and laboratory investigations were noted on a preformed performa. The pictures of the rash were taken after verbal consent of patient or surrogate. The pictures were then discussed with the consultant for appropriate categorization.

Results: A total of 150 patients with the diagnosis of COVID-19 were screened. The mean age of the subjects was 51.9 ± 17.2 years. There were 94 (62.7%) males and 56 (37.3%) females. The mean duration of illness at the time of screening was 12.5 ± 9.7 days. Only 7 (4.7%) COVID-19 patients showed skin lesions. These included generalized bullous pemphigoid like (1 patient), urticarial lesions (1 patient), vesicular eruption (1 patient), skin necrosis (1 patient) and maculopapular rash (3 patients). The average duration of illness at the time of dermatological manifestation of COVID-19 was 6.31 ± 2.3 days.  Skin necrosis was associated with severe disease.

Conclusion: The skin manifestations of COVID-19 patients in Pakistan are less as compared to reports and data from western world. However, they are in accordance with the data reported from few Asian countries. Regardless of this, the type, distribution and association of skin lesions with COVID-19 appear to be universal. This difference of frequency can be attributed to the racial differences or the variety of COVID-19 viral strains predominant in different countries. However, further studies are required to prove this association. 

Key Words: COVID-19, Dermatology, Skin Manifestations, Cutaneous Manifestations
Antibiotics prescription pattern in COVID-19 patients presenting in DHQ Teaching Hospital Sahiwal; Is Pakistan heading towards Post-COVID Antibiotic Resistance Era?
Authors: Waseem Muhammad , Rafiq Maryam , Munir Adeela , Kamal Zahid , Aziz Nauman , Iqbal Muhammad Junaid
Published: February 2022

Background

There is a lack of data about antibiotic prescription trends and patterns of inappropriate antibiotic stewardship in COVID-19 patient management.

 

Objective

To determine frequency and pattern of antibiotic prescription in COVID-19 patients presenting in DHQ teaching hospital, Sahiwal. 

 

Methods

This observational cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from 1st June 2020 to 31st March 2021 in patients admitted in COVID isolation facility of DHQ Teaching hospital, Sahiwal with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Patients of all ages and of both genders were included. Data was collected by a pre-designed proforma. Data included patient’s age, gender, co-morbid conditions, type and duration of antibiotic use, and details of prescribing physicians. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine frequency and percentages of variables.

 

Results

Out of 800 participants, 543(67.8%) were males, and the remaining 257 (32.1%) were females.

The majority 328(41%) of patients belonged to the age group 40-60 years. 639(79.8%) patients had co-morbidities. Diabetes mellitus was the most common co-morbid condition 248 (31%). Antibiotics were prescribed to all patients 800 (100%) before admission to the COVID Isolation facility. The majority of patients 348 (43.5%) had used antibiotics for 3-7 days before admission. Macrolides class was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic 417 (52.1%). General practitioners had more tendency to prescribe antibiotics 509(64%) as compared to medical specialists 212(26.5%) and pulmonologists79 (9.8%).

 

Conclusion

Antibiotic stewardship needs to be improved in COVID-19 patients and prescription should be evidence-based aided by laboratory tests. The development of local guidelines for judicious antibiotic prescription in COVID-19 will help in preventing antibiotic resistance.

 

Key Words

Antibiotics, antibiotic resistance, COVID-19, drug prescription, SARS-cov-2
Effectiveness of various treatment strategies in COVID-19 patients having Solid Organ Transplant: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Shehryar , Farrukh Khadeja , Iqbal Tehniyat , Fatima Aleeza , Mughis Zunira , Hussain Hafiz Amjad
Published: February 2022

Introduction: This narrative review provides an evidence-based summary of the various interventions in the management of Post Solid organ transplant patients who reported positive for COVID-19. 

Materials and Methods: For this systematic review, observational and experimental studies; conducted on Post- Organ transplant patients, either symptomatic or asymptomatic, who tested positive for COVID-19 were included. Only solid organ transplant patient studies were considered standard for this review type. The English version, both published and unpublished articles, from Dec 2019 to Aug 2020, were evaluated using Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science direct, Medrixv search engines. The articles with incomplete details about a transplant or covid management were excluded.

Results: We selected 43 articles out of which 9 were retrospective studies, 2 were cohort studies, one was an experimental study, and 31 were case studies. According to the literature review, effective management therapy includes the withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs, increase/ constant steroid dose, and regimen containing HCQ, interleukin inhibitor, and one antiviral drug especially remdesivir proved to be the most effective among all. In others, administration of IV immunoglobulins/convalescent plasma therapy proved effective in various trials but related data is currently limited. While Lop/Rit, Interferons alpha, and oseltamivir trials are also given; these therapies didn’t prove to be much effective individually.

Conclusion: More trials are required to find the effectiveness of Convalescent plasma therapy. It can be proved as an effective treatment in critical patients. IV immunoglobulins effectiveness should also be tested in critical patients and for this more experimental trials are needed.
Assessment of level of Awareness regarding Thalassemia Major among Parents of Affected Children
Authors: Fazal Faizan , Arshad Mateen , Mustafa Haris , Rehman Muhammad Ebad Ur , Tanveer Usama , Hamid Sidra
Published: February 2022

Background: Thalassemia major is amongst the most common genetic disorders in developing countries like Pakistan. This research project aims to assess the level of knowledge among people related to thalassemia and the number of thalassemia cases linked to consanguineous marriages.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among parents (n=272) of thalassemia patients registered with Rawalpindi thalassemia welfare society, from June 2019 to September 2019. Parents of thalassemia major patients aged 1 to 16 years were included. Parents who were health care professionals or community workers, and with children who had some other genetic disorders along with thalassemia major were excluded. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used. Data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire that assessed the prevalence of thalassemia in relation to consanguineous marriages and awareness of thalassemia in parents of affected ones. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22, by applying descriptive statistics.Results: About 72% of the parents (n=214) had consanguineous marriages. None of them had a thalassemia screening test before their marriage. 98.5% of the parents said no awareness campaign had ever been conducted for thalassemia in their area. 50% of families believed that thalassemia had affected their children's interaction with other children of their age.Conclusion: This study reveals that parents of thalassemia-affected children are not aware of the high link between thalassemia and cousin marriages and the prevalence of premarital testing is almost none.
Role of Topical Papaya Application in Debridement of Deep Burn Wounds
Authors: Rashid Sajid , Khan Hasnain , Iqbal Yasir
Published: February 2022

Objective: To study the role of topical papaya application in managing deep burn wounds in terms of proteolytic enzymatic debridement for wound bed preparation.Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out at Rawalian burn centre holy family hospital Pakistan from 12-10-2019 to 11-1-2020 over a period of 03 months. A total of 30 patients were included in the study (n=30). A convenient non-probability sampling technique was used for allocating patients to the study after getting written informed consent. For patients included in the study, papaya dressing was used for debridement and wound bed preparation of deep burn wounds.Results: There were 19 (63.3%) female and 11 (36.7%) male patients. The age range of patients was 10y to 50y with a mean of 28 years and SD ± 8.06 Patients included in the study had TBSA ranging from 10% to 35% with a mean of 19.8% and SD ± 6.82%. On average 7 dressings (Range 5-7) were required to achieve pink healthy granulation tissue. Out of total 30 patients (n=30) included in the study, good healing with the production of pink granulation was seen in 27 patients (81%) while in the rest of the 03 patients minor surgical debridement was required to achieve the pink granulation tissue bed for skin graft.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that Papaya is an effective, safe, and rapid enzymatic proteolytic debriding agent of plant origin for deep burn wounds which promotes the growth of pink healthy granulation tissue with a minimal number of dressings. This granulation tissue readily accepts split-thickness skin graft.
Evaluation of Online teaching by Undergraduate medical students of Rawalpindi Medical University amidst COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shahid Rizwana , Zeb Shazia , Yasmeen Sumaira , Umar Muhammad , Asghar Rai , Batul Maryim
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the viewpoints of undergraduate medical students pertinent to online education carried out by their teachers amid COVID-19 pandemic

Subjects & Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out during August 2020 in order to evaluate the teachers with respect to their online teaching. Google forms were electronically administered to all 1st – final year medical students to gather their perspectives relevant to their respective teachers. About 266 medical students participated in this research through convenience sampling. Mean ± SD for each item was computed. The data was analyzed by means of SPSS version 25.0.

Results: Of the total 266 medical students, highest proportion (53.75%) was constituted by final year MBBS students. Maximum response was received pertinent to teachers of Pathology followed by those of Surgery & Allied, Medicine & Allied and Gynaecology & Obstetrics. Students were 100% satisfied with online teaching attributes of Surgery & Allied Teachers while %   and  % were pleased with those of Medicine & Allied and Gynaecology & Obstetrics respectively. Well preparedness of the teachers for their online class got highest score (4.49 ± 1.05) while least score (4.07 ± 1.44) was computed regarding flexibility of the teachers in accommodating individual student needs. Students recommended making the e-learning sessions more interactive.

Conclusion: Medical students were sufficiently contented with online teaching of their respective teachers. However, there is need to train the teachers for more interactivity during e-learning sessions.
Comparison of Peritonsillar Bupivacaine versus Peritonsillar Dexamethasone in Post-Tonsillectomy Pain Management
Authors: Khan Najeebullah , Hameed Mirza Khizar , Aslam Iftikhar , Ali Irshad , Akbar Amir , Khalil Nudrat
Published: February 2022

Objective: To compare efficacy of Peritonsillar Dexamethasone with Peritonsillar Bupivacaine in managing post-tonsillectomy pain in children.

Study design: Randomized Controlled Trial

Setting & Period: ENT Department Fauji Foundation Hospital (FFH) Rawalpindi from 01-06-2019 to 31-11-2020.

Material &Methods: A total of sixty patients of both genders between ages of 5-15 years fulfilling the recognized criteria for tonsillectomy were selected. They were equally divided into two groups; Group A received peritonsillar Bupivacaine while Group B received peritonsillar Dexamethasone. Mean post-tonsillectomy Visual Analogue Score (VAS) at 1st, 2nd and 7th day were recorded in both groups and compared using independent sample ‘t’ test.

Results: In group A Mean post-tonsillectomy VAS at 24 hours was 6.73±1.44 SD while in group B it was 5.93±1.26 SD (p-value 0.025). Mean post-tonsillectomy VAS at 48 hours was 5.60±1.25 SD and 4.37±1.03 SD (p-value 0.000) respectively in groups A and B. At 7th post operative day, Mean VAS was noted as 3.27±0.74 SD and 2.30±0.79 SD (p-value 0.000) respectively in group A and B. 

Conclusion: Peritonsillar Dexamethasone is more effective than peritonsillar Bupivacaine in controlling post-tonsillectomy pain in children. Statistically significant difference was noted for mean post-tonsillectomy VAS at 1st, 2nd and 7th day.

Key Words: Tonsillectomy, visual analogue score, postoperative pain, dexamethasone, bupivacaine.
Comparison of the Morbidity after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acutely Inflamed Gall Bladder with and without Drain Insertion: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Saleem Hira , Saleem Aniqua , Siddiq Ghulam , Sheikh Sharjeel Sarfraz Ahmed , Saleem Huzaifa
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective: The study objective is to compare the pain frequency and mean hospital stay in patients with and without drain insertion, following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acutely inflamed gallbladder.

Methods: Randomized control trial was carried out in General Surgery Department Shifa International Hospital for a period of 1 year from October 2017 to October 2018. All patients with acutely inflamed gallbladder admitted underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy using conventional 4 port method. Applying Lottery method patients were sorted into two groups; (Group A) – without drain and (Group B) – with drain. Post operatively parameters of pain and total hospital stay were assessed. Data was entered into a standard SPSS sheet version 15.0.

Results: Mean age of patients in without drain (group A) was 52.00±14.84 years and in with drain (group B) was 47.50±18.28 years. In without drain (group A), there were 9 (30.0%) males and 21 (70.0%) females, mean VAS was 2.37±1.22, 16.7% (5 of 60 patients) had pain, and mean hospital stay was 1.93+/-0.79 days. In with drain (group B), 13 (43.3%) were males and 17 (56.7%) were females, mean VAS was 3.2 +/-1.36, 36.7% (11 of 60 patients) had pain and mean hospital stay was 3.17+/- 0.87 days. The difference between the two groups for mean VAS was significant (P<0.05), for mean hospital stay was significant (P<0.05) but for pain frequency was insignificant (P>0.05).

Conclusions: It has been concluded that without drain, more appropriate results have been obtained as compared to drain.

Clinical Trial Number: NCT04346550
Risk of transmission of COVID-19 virus infection from asymptomatic COVID-19 positive pregnant patients to Obs/Gynae surgical team
Authors: Sohail Sheherzad , Dar Lubna Raiz , Ishfaq Maryam
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background: Covid 19 is highly contagious disease and Health care workers are always at risk because they are involved in care of suspected, asymptomatic and confirmed cases. It is worthwhile to adopt all practices for prevention of the disease, so they will be able to continue their duties without fear and stress of carrying infection.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of health care workers who became Covid positive after performing caesarian sections or normal vaginal deliveries of Covid positive asymptomatic cases.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted in Gynae/Obs department Of Shalamar Hospital Lahore from March 2020 to September 2020.All the health workers involved in surgeries and deliveries of Covid positive patients were included and they were asked to fill the proforma related to their exposure and development of any signs and symptoms of COVID-19 during the period of fourteen days after exposure. Findings were summarized and analyzed by using SPSS VERSION 22.

Results: Total twenty patients who were Covid positive were delivered during this period. Sixty health care workers were involved in their care. During study period three health care workers one doctor and two staff nurses became Covid positive. These infected health care workers were not involved in surgery or delivery of these 20 Covid positive patients.

Conclusion: If all the health care workers takes all corona precautionary measures while performing deliveries and C-sections of Covid positive patients risk of transmission to the surgical team can be reduced.

Keywords: Covid-19, Health care workers
Comparison of Peri-tonsillar Injection of Tramadol with Adrenaline Vs Injection of Normal Saline (Placebo) Before Tonsillectomy in Reducing Per-operative Haemorrhage and Post-operative Pain
Authors: Masood Sundas , Fatima Aiemen , Ikram Tahira , Qureshi Nausheen , Mukhtar Rahat , Shahid Fatima
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Tonsillectomy is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed in ENT. In the early postoperative period, pain and hemorrhage are considered to be the major cause of morbidity. Different methods of minimizing postoperative pain have been proposed including the use of oral analgesics, infiltration of local anesthetics, and analgesics like levobupivacaine, ketamine, and tramadol. To secure hemostasis during a tonsillectomy, several techniques including ligation, diathermy, and cauterization are used. To minimize these complications, preoperative preparation of the patient is mandatory. This study aimed to find out the efficacy of adrenaline and tramadol in controlling perioperative hemorrhage and postoperative pain respectively.

Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the ENT department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi for 6 months (21-11-2016 to 21-5-2017). The data was collected by operating surgeons. A total of 60 patients were included in the study with 1:1 randomization. Simple random sampling was used for the Selection of patients. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A was provided with the peri-tonsillar injection of tramadol with adrenaline while Group B was provided with normal saline injection (Placebo). Both groups were followed for 6 hours to measure mean pain scores and mean hemostasis time. After approval from the ethical review board, consent forms were distributed to patients. An Independent t-test was applied for the comparison of different variables.

Results: Among all patients 60(100%), 25 (41%) males, and 35(59%) females. The mean age of patients was 12.2 years ± 4.49 SD. The mean time required for hemostasis was 4.9 minutes ± 1.92 SD. The mean pain scores were 1.3 (mild pain) ±1.12 SD. A statistically significant difference was found with time (p=0.01), mean pain (p=0.00), weight (p=0.00) and age (p=0.00) while insignificant with gender (p=0.06).

Conclusion: Peri-tonsillar injection of tramadol with adrenaline during tonsillectomy leads to a significant reduction in per-operative hemorrhage and post-operative pain as compared to injection of normal saline.
Prevalence of Candida species in onychomycosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi
Authors: Kashif Shahida , Khan Muhammad Irfan , Kumar Mukesh , Uddin Fakhur , Nasir Farhina , Kumar Suresh
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study was designed to determine the frequency of Candida in clinically diagnosed cases of onychomycosis. Study Design: It was a cross-sectional study.Setting: It was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, BMSI, JPMC, Karachi, in a period of one year with the collaboration of the Department of Dermatology, JPMC, Karachi.Materials and Methods: A total of 328 clinical samples have been collected. The fungal isolates were identified according to standard microbiological procedures. Samples were processed for primary screening microscopic test by KOH 20% (potassium hydroxide solution) wet mount. Processing for mycological culture was done by using Sabouraud's dextrose agar (cycloheximide and chloramphenicol), without antibiotics and Dermatophytes test medium. Candida species identification will be achieved through the commercial test of the API ID 32C system.Results: Prevalence of fungal species that isolated from the 328 samples, 14.33% were dermatophytes, 6.40% were non-dermatophytes mould, 23.70% were Candida, 4.87% were mixed growth and 50.30% were negative for growth. Among the 16 mixed isolates, 15 were Candida species, accounting for a total of 28.4% Candida isolates. Out of 93, Candida albicans were 52.68%. Of the 47.32%, 26.88%, 11.82%, 4.30%, 2.15% and1.07%, Candida non albicans C. tropicalis C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii, and Candida utilis respectively.Conclusion: A significant number of onychomycosis cases result from the Candida spp. and Candida albicans were the main species. However, Candida non-albicans species are emerging in onychomycosis. In this manner, legitimate conclusion of the pathogens of onychomycosis is vital for focused treatment.