bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Tobacco Smoke Exposure, Respiratory Symptoms, and Emergency Department Use
Authors: Merianos Ashley L. , Jandarov Roman A. , Mahabee-Gittens E. Melinda
Published: August 2018

OBJECTIVES:

Our objective was to examine the relationship between distinct tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) measures and TSE-related symptoms and emergency department (ED) and/or urgent care (UC) use among nonsmoking adolescents without asthma diagnoses.

METHODS:

We performed a secondary analysis of 7389 adolescents who completed the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study wave 2. Logistic regression and Poisson regression models were built.

RESULTS:

Adolescents with TSE were at increased risk of reporting: shortness of breath, finding it hard to exercise, wheezing during or after exercise, and dry cough at night. Adolescents who lived with a smoker and had home TSE were at increased odds of reporting wheezing or whistling in the chest, and only adolescents with home TSE were at increased risk of reporting wheezing that disturbed sleep. Adolescents with TSE were less likely to report very good or excellent overall health and physical health but were more likely to report they sometimes, often, or very often missed school because of illness. Participants who lived with a smoker and had TSE ≥1 hour were more likely to have had an ED and/or UC visit. Participants with any TSE were at increased risk of having a higher number of ED and/or UC visits.

CONCLUSIONS:

Different TSE measures uniquely increased the risk of TSE-related symptoms, but any TSE increased the risk of having a higher number of ED and/or UC visits. The providers at these high-volume settings should offer interventions to adolescents who are exposed to tobacco smoke and their families to decrease these symptoms and related morbidity.
Violencia contra periodistas y rendición social de cuentas en contextos de ordenamientos mixtos: el caso mexicano
Authors: Hincapié Sandra , López Jairo
Published: August 2018

Este artículo analiza la relación entre la violencia ejercida contra periodistas en México y el contexto estructural del orden estatal que favorece esta violencia y la impunidad de los crímenes cometidos. Explicamos cómo en el ordenamiento estatal mexicano, más allá de las reformas institucionales que buscan favorecer procesos de democratización con mecanismos de rendición de cuentas, operan otro conjunto de mecanismos extralegales, que funcionan como contención de las reformas y preservan las relaciones de poder basadas en la concentración, opacidad, acaparamiento de las oportunidades y libertades. En este contexto el ejercicio del periodismo vigilante, como rendición social de cuentas de las acciones gubernamentales, se constituye en una práctica peligrosa en la medida que amenaza el orden establecido de facto, siendo objeto de persecución y violencia.
The Potential Of Nickel Slag with Humic Substance Addition as Ameliorating Materials on Gajrug Red-Yellow Podzolic
Authors: Rosalina Febrianti , Tjahyandari Dyah , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: August 2018

Nickel slag and humic substance have a strong potential for use as soil ameliorants in land remediation, owing to their chemical properties that can improve acidic soils. This study aimed to determine their effect on red-yellow podzolic soil. This greenhouse incubation study used a 2-factorial completely randomized design. Factor 1 was nickel slag at 4levels (0, 8, 12, and 16 ton ha-1), while Factor 2 was humic substance at 3 levels (0, 15, and 30 litre ha-1), with 3 replications. Statistical analysis of the data used analysis of variance, and whenever a significant difference was detected, further verification was tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a level of significance (α) of 5%. The results showed that the application of nickel slag and humic substance can increase the values of pH, total-N, available-P, and exchangeable-Mg of the red-yellow podzolic soil, but also decreased exchangeable-H. The interactive effects of nickel slag and humic substance can raise soil K-exchangeable only. The levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd and As) in the soil after the application of nickel slag and humic substance remain within normal limits that is, they are environmentally safe for use as a soil ameliorant
Study of Soil Degradation Status at Jatipurno District, Keduang Sub-Watersheds, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java
Authors: Widiatiningsih Apriani , Mujiyo Mujiyo , Suntoro Suntoro
Published: August 2018

This study is aimed to evaluate soil degradation based on Standard Criteria of Soil Degradation for Biomass Production under Indonesian Government Regulation No. 150 in 2000. Conducted at Jatipurno District, Keduang Sub-Watersheds, between October and December 2016, at seven selected land units, each land unit is represented by four sample points. The selection of sampling area is according to Stratified Purposive Sampling method. The evaluation of soil degradation is carried out by determining the threshold value and key factors of soil characteristics based on the Standard Criteria of Soil (matching process), which lead to degradation. The results showed that the entire soil at Jatipurno District is slightly degraded. The most extensive soil degradation 2,869.31 ha area (69.60%) is caused by a low colloid fraction, high bulk density, low total porosity and low soil permeability. The soil degradation mostly caused by low soil permeability which the number is under critical threshold < 0.7 cm hour-1 in the entire land units. Implementing providing organic matter to the soil, planting variations of cover crops, on land plots (low, medium, high cover crops), land management by crop rotation and intercropping, minimum tillage in accordance with the rules of environmental conservation, can be done to minimize the soil degradation.
DISTRIBUTION FEATURES OF CURRENT SYSTEM IN NORTHERN CENTRAL VIETNAM COAST (HA TINH - THUA THIEN-HUE) DURING APRIL 2016
Authors: Mau Le Dinh , Thinh Nguyen Duc , Tuan Nguyen Van , Cong Nguyen Chi , Hoan Pham Sy , Hoi Nguyen Truong Thanh , Anh Vu Tuan , Dung Nguyen Thi Thuy
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the modeled results of general current pattern (daily average value) in Northern Central Vietnam Coast (Ha Tinh - Thua Thien-Hue) during April 2016. Study results show that in general, current flowed from the North to the South with small and instable velocity (V ≈ 0.1 - 0.2 m/s). From 2nd to 6th April current flowed from the South to the North. From 7th to 29th April current flowed from the North to the South. During 13rd to 16th April current velocity was weak (V ≤ 0.1 m/s). In the southern region of Thua Thien-Hue province, the direction of current was instable (from 6th to 9th and from 20th to 22nd April current flowed from the South to the North). Current distribution pattern from modeled results was in accordance with the propagation characteristics of surface water temperatures in the studied area through data analysis of satellite images.
SỬ DỤNG CÁC CHỈ SỐ ĐỂ ĐÁNH GIÁ CHẤT LƯỢNG NƯỚC VÀ PHÂN LOẠI MỨC ĐỘ PHÚ DƯỠNG CỦA VÙNG NƯỚC VEN BIỂN QUẢNG NINH - HẢI PHÒNG
Authors: Nam Le Van , Nghi Duong Thanh , Ngan Le Thi Kim
Published: August 2018

With the fast economic growth and the loose management of pollutants discharged into the sea, the Quang Ninh - Hai Phong coastal water faces the risk of contamination of toxic subtances; and the eutrophication can occur. Therefore, coastal water quality was monitored at Tra Co, Cua Luc and Do Son in 2015. The results showed that sea water had the higher concentration of nitrate and 4.4’DDD compared to limit values. RQ coefficient of coastal areas was medium (0.25 < 0.562 < 0.75), hence “environmental safety”. According to the SWQI index, the water quality in three stations was good and not polluted. In terms of eutrophication level classification according to OECD (1982), the water body of all stations was mesotrophic. According to classification by TRIX index, only water body of Do Son station was in a state of eutrophication, that of the remaining stations was mesotrophic.
GEOCHEMISTRY AND PETROGENESIS OF VOLCANIC ROCKS AND THEIR MANTLE SOURCE IN THE EAST VIETNAM SEA AND ADJACENT REGIONS IN THE CENOZOIC
Authors: Anh Le Duc , Hoang Nguyen , Phach Phung Van , I. Malinovskii A. , A. Kasatkin S. , V. Golozubov V.
Published: August 2018

The East Vietnam Sea is one of the largest marginal basins in western Pacific Ocenan, formed by breaking of continental margin in the Late Mesozoic. Geochemical data of the Miocene - Pleistocene bazanic samples collected in the East Sea and neighboring areas show two major eruption trends that reflect the formation and development of the region. The early eruption event is characterized by low alkaline, TiO2, Na2O, K2O and P2O5, and high SiO2 group, comprising olivine and tholeiitic bazans. The later eruption demonstrates high alkaline, TiO2, Na2O, K2O and P2O5, and low SiO2 group, mainly generated by central-type volcanic eruptions, consisting of alkaline olivine and olivine bazans. Distinctive geochemistry of the volcanic rocks within the East Vietnam Sea and adjacent areas is illustrated by wide range of Magnesium index (Mg#= 35-75). At the values of Mg#>65, the relation between Mg# and major oxides is unclear. In contrast, Mg#65 (Olivine differentiation) the isotope ratios start changing. The primitive components are computed based on the principle of olivine compensation. The computed results show that the critical pressure for Tholeiite melting was estimated from ~11.97-20.33 Kb (ca. 30 - 60 km deep) and the Alkaline melting pressure varies from ~16.87-34.93 Kb (corresponding to the depths of ~60 km to 100 km). The continuous range of melting pressures suggests two trends of tholeiitic and alkaline eruptions occurr at various depths in the same magmatic source. Hight temperature and melting pressure of the primitive magma are dependent on partial melting pressure. Possibly, this process was triggered by the asthenosphere intrusion resulted from the closure of the Neo-Tethys following the India - Eurasia collision. This event has not only made the mantle hotter and easily melted but also triggered the opening of the marginal seas, including the East Vietnam Sea.
DETERMINATION OF SOME MARINE METEOROLOGICAL EXTREME VALUES AND ITS RELATION WITH DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE WATER RESOURCES ON THE LY SON ISLAND
Authors: Thong Bui Xuan , Dat Le Tuan , Chau Truong Viet
Published: August 2018

Climate change in terms of marine meteorological extreme values has direct impact on distribution of surface water resources on the island. Based on a series of marine meteorological data collected in the period 1985 - 2012 at the Ly Son station we have determined some extreme values such as maximum precipitation, evaporation, air temperature, sea level and other oceanographic elements. The present study tries to reveal some relationships between marine meteorological extreme values and distribution of surface water resources under condition of Ly Son island. The precipitation of < 50 mm, 50 - 100 mm and > 100 mm has the frequency of 57.8%, 20.7%, and 21.5% respectively. Due to climate change, the air temperature has the increasing tendency for all three states of medium, maximum and minimum values. Sea level and other oceanographic phenomena also have the increasing tendency. The calculation results show that the average annual surface runoff is 13.9 million m3/year and the water volume per capita reaches 678 m3/person/year. According to criteria of International Water Resources Association, a country with a water volume per capita off less than 4,000 m3/person/year is considered as country of water shortage.
THE EFFICACY OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF EDIBLE COATINGS AND ESSENTIAL OI IN MANGO PRESERVATION
Authors: Lieu My Dong , Ha Ngo Nguyen Nhat , Lieu Thuy Linh , Nguyen Kim Thach , Thuy Dang Thi Kim
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of lemongrass oil (Cympopogon citratus), citronella oil (Cymbopogon winterianus) and cajeput oil (Melaleuca leucadendron) on Aspergillus niger by agar diffusion method. The selected oil was combined with the edible film (chitosan 1% w/v or alginate 1% w/v) and applied to preserve Cat Chu mango (infected by A. niger at105 spore/ml) in 14 days at 30oC. The result showed that essential oils against Aspergillus niger significantly in which lemongrass oil was the most effective inhibitor with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 10 μl/mL as compared to MIC of java lemongrass and Melaleuca alternifolia, was 20 μl / mL. The result of the mango preservation showed that, all of the control samples were completely decayed after 10 days of storage while the shelf life of the coated samples was longer than 10 days. The essential oils at high concentrations (10-20 μl / ml) have a negative impact on mango preservation, made fruits bruised on the surface and rapidly decay. The also indicated that, alginate (1% w/v) combines with lemongrass oil (5 μl/mL) maintained the antifungal effect after 14 days of preservation
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF HEDYOTIS PINIFOLIA WALL. COLLECTED IN THUA THIEN HUE
Authors: Nguyen Hoang Anh Thi , Khieu Tam Thi , Nguyen Tuan Van , Dao Thien Duc , Tran Quan Duc , Nguyen Tam Thanh , Nguyen Bao Chi , Trinh Thuy Thi , Tran Sung Van
Published: August 2018

This study reports the chemical constituents from the whole plants Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. Ex G. Don (now accepted as Oldenlandia  pinifolia (Wall. Ex G. Don) Kuntze) collected  in Thua Thien Hue province. Thirteen compounds were isolated by chromatography method. Their structures were elucidated using MS and NMR analysis and compared with reported data. They contain three anthraquinones, a carotenoid, two triterpenes, four iridoid glucosides and three flavonoid glycosides. Four of them were found for the first time in this genus.
See one, do one...teach one? Learning to be doctors, teachers, or both?
Authors: Habermehl Nikita , Habermehl Gabriel , Kim Grace
Published: August 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Most residents have a desire to teach, but no unified curriculum exists to help residents be the best teachers they can be. Further investigation reveals this to be a global problem and a pedagogic curriculum should be a well-defined expectation. While there are multiple requirements during residency, a well-implemented Resident-As-Teachers (RAT) curriculum should be incorporated into every program.
Design and construction of deep excavations in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wang Wei-dong , Xu Zhong-hua , Li Qing
Published: August 2018

With rapid infrastructure construction and urban redevelopment, there has been an increasing demand for utilisation of underground spaces, which gives rise to a large number of excavation projects. In the past decade, a series of new trends have emerged on excavation engineering in Shanghai, China. As available ground resources in congested urban areas are scarce, excavations become much larger and deeper than before. More excavations have to be carried out in close proximity to existing buildings, tunnels, utilities and other structures. Any severe damages to the nearby utilities probably lead to economic losses and complicated conflicts among owners, tenants, utility customers and the public. As a consequence, it is of great concern not only to ensure the safety of the excavation itself but also to mitigate adverse excavation-induced influences on the adjacent environment. This paper presents recent developments in practical design and construction techniques of controlling excavation-induced deformations in Shanghai. Commonly used techniques including the top-down construction method, ground improvement, the zoned excavation method and the underpinning technique are described and discussed. Relevant instrumented case histories on excavations in different types of urban environment are reported as well.
A Bayesian definition of ‘most probable’ parameters
Authors: Jin Yingyan , Biscontin Giovanna , Gardoni Paolo
Published: August 2018

Since guidelines for choosing ‘most probable’ parameters in ground engineering design codes are vague, concerns are raised regarding their definition, as well as the associated uncertainties. This paper introduces Bayesian inference for a new rigorous approach to obtaining the estimates of the most probable parameters based on observations collected during construction. Following the review of optimisation-based methods that can be used in back-analysis, such as gradient descent and neural networks, a probabilistic model is developed using Clough and O’Rourke’s method for retaining wall design. Sequential Bayesian inference is applied to a staged excavation project to examine the applicability of the proposed approach and illustrate the process of back-analysis.
Los fenómenos psicológicos no investigados en la comunicación educativa
Authors: Ortiz-Torres Emilio Alberto
Published: August 2018

Propósito: el artículo tiene por objetivo valorar la importancia del estudio científico de los fenómenos psicológicos de la sugestión, la percepción interpersonal y el rumor, los cuales inciden en la comunicación educativa.Tema: el tema que se trabaja es la existencia e influencia de dichos fenómenos subjetivos en los diferentes contextos formativos en los que se desarrolla la comunicación interpersonal.Desarrollo: se realiza un análisis teórico sobre la comunicación educativa como concepto interdisciplinario, por las confluencias existentes entre la psicología y la educación como disciplinas independientes, con su correspondiente contenido y extensión. Sus fundamentos teóricos generales reflejan las diferentes posturas epistemológicas que la sustentan, de lo que se infiere la riqueza de las concepciones particulares existentes que han propiciado la obtención de resultados científicos novedosos y con amplia aplicación en la práctica educativa. Sin embargo, los investigadores no han llegado a profundizar en el estudio de fenómenos existentes en todo proceso comunicativo (como lo son el nivel intrapersonal, la sugestión, la percepción y el rumor, los cuales están presentes dentro de dicho proceso comunicativo en el ámbito escolar), al considerarlos no significativos o improcedentes.Conclusiones: a partir de la valoración realizada, se destaca la importancia de estos fenómenos presentes y latentes en las diferentes manifestaciones de la comunicación educativa, así como la pertinencia de estudiar sus peculiaridades y las potencialidades para incorporarlos de manera intencional en el perfeccionamiento de la comunicación en el campo educativo.
Estimación del cambio climático en la cuenca coata mediante el modelo GISS-E2-R y ver sus efectos sobre la alpaca en Puno
Authors: Cruz Paredes Yobana Elsa , Castro Sarco Diana Gloria , Arivilca Dominguez Javier Gustavo
Published: August 2018

El cambio climático está afectando a diversas regiones del mundo y el Altiplano puneño no es excepción, debido a que es considerado como una de las zonas más vulnerables ante estos cambios. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de la investigación es estimar las variables climáticas de la cuenca Coata mediante el modelo GISS-E2-R e identificar sus efectos en la crianza de alpacas en el departamento de Puno. Para ello se manejaron datos de SENAMHI y WORLDCLIM (WC) del periodo de 1960-1990, en (temperatura máxima, mínima y precipitación) de las estaciones meteorológicas Cabanillas, Juliaca, Lampa y Pampa, como la proyección climática futura estimada al 2050. Resultando, la temperatura aumentada en la zona de Lampa 3°C y disminuida en la zona de Cabanillas en -7.0° C. Con respecto a la precipitación se mostraron deficiencias mayormente en la zona de Lampa, también algunas estimaciones en la sierra de Puno, entre -10% y -20%. Y en la selva norte y central con un -10%. Por tanto, se concluye que en la costa norte y selva sur se darán los incrementos más importantes con un -10% a +20% según estudios realizados, y la disminución de la temperatura estima la presencia de nieve y bajas temperaturas lo que posibilita mayor cantidad de muertes de alpacas, por lo que, es recomendable proteger y evitar su exposición al friaje ayudando a su adaptabilidad a nuevas condiciones climáticas.
Identificación de cianobacterias de la laguna “La Mansión” en una universidad privada confesional
Authors: Echevarria Mendoza Maycol Owen , Roman Medrano Maria Alejandra , Ruíz Díaz Ginnie Estephany , Tito Tolentino Gina
Published: August 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar los géneros de cianobacterias presentes en la laguna “La mansión” y su impacto en el ecosistema local. En este contexto, las cianobacterias tienen gran influencia, puesto que son base de esta cadena y fijan nitrógeno, a su vez, liberan grandes cantidades de oxígeno al ecosistema acuático. Ésta laguna, tiene un área de 3499 m2, y amerita realizar una segmentación en 8 sectores estratégicos para poder identificarlas, además, se colocaron mallas estándar de 40 cm2, las cuales capturaron todas las partículas suspendidas en el agua, entre ellas, las cianobacterias. A través de botellas de 225 ml fueron trasladadas al laboratorio para ser observadas en el microscopio. Los resultados más importantes fueron la detección de 6 especies de cianobacterias, siendo la principal y más abundante la anabaena, quien se encarga en mayor escala de fijar nitrógeno y producir oxígeno frente a los demás géneros, sin embargo, el crecimiento de ésta es acelerado, lo que conllevaría en el futuro a tener un problema de eutrofización. Por lo tanto, se concluye que las cianobacterias encontradas podrían incrementar su población ocasionando muerte acuática y alterando el ecosistema en caso de no controlar los inicios del proceso eutrófico.
Evaluación de la Calidad de suelos para el cultivo de maíz (Zea Mays) en 4 distritos representativos del Valle del Mantaro
Authors: Munive Cerrón Rubén , Cabello Torres Rita Jaqueline , Carbo-Bustinza Natalí , López-Gonzales Javier Linkolk
Published: August 2018

La investigación se realizó en 4 distritos del valle del Mantaro: INIA El Tambo, EEA Mantaro, Chupaca y Huayao; Provincias de Huancayo, Jauja y Chupaca, Departamento de Junín, agosto 2017. Los objetivos fueron: Identificar y seleccionar un número mínimo de propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas como indicadores de calidad del suelo y contribuir a establecer pautas para mejorar los suelos y sostenerlos. Los indicadores de calidad de suelo se basaron en el concepto de valoración de manejo del suelo (Soil Management Assessment Framework –SMAF) que emplea indicadores múltiples, con el objeto de registrar propiedades físicas, químicas, biológicas y procesos del suelo; cuanto más indicadores se emplee en el  análisis, la caracterización será más precisa y es el Conjunto Mínimo de Datos (CMD), esta fue una herramienta que permitió construir un índice que puede ser empleado para evaluar los efectos del manejo a través del tiempo. El análisis de agrupamiento con respeto a las propiedades químicas, reveló diferencias entre localidades y dentro de las mismas. Esto indica que los suelos de Santa Ana (S) y Mantaro (M) no son tan diferentes a los de Huayao (H) y difieren más con respecto a Chupaca (C).El análisis clúster con respecto a las propiedades físicas de los suelos determinó que Huayao y Chupaca forman un grupo similar entre sí pero diferente a los suelos de Mantaro y Santa Ana. Un resultado parecido se observó en el agrupamiento de propiedades químicas.Los resultados de Índices de Calidad (IC) o ICSA, revelaron antes del experimento que Chupaca tiene los mejores suelos y Santa Ana los menos fértiles. Los índices de calidad obtenidos fueron construidos en base a la mejor y peor condición de cada indicador de los suelos experimentales. Sobre la base de los índices de calidad de suelo determinados (Cantú et al., 2007) y luego del análisis de agrupamiento, resulta que los suelos de Chupaca y Huayao tienen similar calidad y son los mejores, le sigue Mantaro y luego Santa Ana, como los de menor calidad. La mejor calidad de suelos se debe a su mayor contenido de materia orgánica y mejor CIC. En base a los cálculos de los índices de calidad del suelo (IC) se ha determinado, para el caso del cultivo de maíz, que los suelos de Mantaro son los mejores y Santa Ana de menor calidad, este caso es similar al análisis inicial. Este resultado corrobora el análisis de componentes principales (ACP). En conclusión, Existe diferente nivel de fertilidad de los suelos en estudio y dentro de las parcelas experimentales antes y después de la aplicación de los tratamientos, mientras que la adición de MO ha acidificado ligeramente el suelo.
HDAC2, HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC7, HDAC8, HDAC9 Gen İfade Seviyelerinin Çocukluk Çağı Akut Lösemilerinde Prognoz İle İlişkisi
Authors: Akın Balı Dilara , Kürekçi Ahmet Emin , Akar Mehmet Nejat
Published: August 2018

Amaç: Histon deasetilazların değişmiş ifadesi hematolojik
maligniteler için kanser tedavisinde hedef olabilecek niteliktedir. HDAC
mutasyonları ve anormal ifade seviyeleri çeşitli kanser tiplerinde ve özellikle
hematolojik malignitelerde sıklıkla görülmekte olduğu, çocukluk çağı lösemi
örneklerinde HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, HDAC7 ve HDAC8 gen ifadelerinin sağlıklı
çocuk kemik iliği örneklerine göre önemli derece yüksek olduğu rapor
edilmiştir. Gereç ve
Yöntem: Çalışmamızda 6 HDAC geninin gen
ifade profilini çocukluk çağı akut lösemisinde kantitatif Real Time PCR yöntemi
kullanılması ile tedavinin farklı zamanlarında belirlenmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmamız sonucunda çocukluk çağı lösemi örneklerinde
HDAC genleri ifade seviyelerinin birbirine göre farklılık gösterdiği
gözlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda; tedavi öncesinde, kontrol örneklerinin ifadelenme
seviyelerine göre; HDAC2 ve HDAC9 ifadelenme seviyelerinin düşük, HDAC 4 ve
HDAC 8 eşit seviyede ve son olarak HDAC 5 ve HDAC7 yüksek olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Tedavi sonrasında ise, 
kontrol örneklerinin ifadelenme seviyelerine göre; HDAC2 ve HDAC9
ifadelenme seviyelerinin düşük, HDAC 4 ve HDAC 8 yükseldiği ve HDAC 5 ve HDAC7’nin
ise düştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Tümor
gelişiminde rol oynayan genlerin ve/veya yolakları kontrol eden HDAC gen
seviyelerinin artması, tedavi sonrasında ise bu ifadelenme seviyelerinin sağlıklı
örneklerin seviyesine eşit olması, HDAC genlerinin kanser patogenezi ile direkt
ilişkide olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
QA-Bio PNGase F Denatured Glycoprotein Protocol v1
Authors: Gibson Mike
Published: August 2018

PNGase F cleaves N-linked (asparagine-linked) oligosaccharides from glycoproteins. The enzyme deaminates asparagine to aspartic acid, leaving the oligosaccharides intact. Denaturation increases the rate of cleavage. Most native proteins can still be completely N-deglycosylated but incubation time must be increased. The enzyme will remain fully active under reaction conditions (37˚C) for at least 96 hours. PNGase F will not remove oligosaccharides containing Alpha-(1,3)-linked core fucose commonly found on plant glycoproteins; for this purpose, use peptide N-glycosidase A. There are a number of alternative enzymes which can be used to remove N-glycans, most especially the Endo F family of enzymes and Endo H. These enzymes cleave between the two N-acetylglucosamine residues in the core of the oligosaccharide, generating a truncated sugar molecule with one N-acetylglucosamine residue remaining on the asparagine. This leaves a charged sugar which can assist in keeping proteins in solution that precipitate after deglycosylation with PNGase F which removes the oligosaccharide intact. Endo F1cleaves high mannose and some hybrid type N-glycans. Endo F2will removes biantennary and high mannose (at a 40X reduced rate). Endo F3releases of triantennarry and fucosylated biantennary N-glycans. Endo Hremoves hybrid or high mannose glycans.
Endo H Denatured Protocol for Deglycosylating Glycoproteins v1
Authors: Gibson Mike
Published: August 2018

Endo H cleaves Asparagine-linked hybrid or high mannose oligosaccharides, but not complex oligosaccharides. It cleaves between the two N-acetylglucosamine residues in the diacetylchitobiose core of the oligosaccharide, generating a truncated sugar molecule with one N-acetylglucosamine residue remaining on the asparagine. In contrast, PNGase F removes the oligosaccharide intact. Detergent and heat denaturation may increase the rate of cleavage for some glycoproteins.
Endo F3 Protocol for Deglycosylating Glycoproteins v1
Authors: Gibson Mike
Published: August 2018

Endo F3 cleaves free or Asparagine-linked triantennary or biantennary oligosaccharides,as well as triamnnosyl chitobiose core structures. It cleaves between the two N-acetylglucosamine residues in the diacetylchitobiose core of the oligosaccharide, generating a truncated sugar molecule with one N-acetylglucosamineresidue remaining on the asparagine. In contrast, PNGase F removes the oligosaccharide intact. Alpha 1-3 fucosylation will inhibit enzymatc activity.
MALE CIRCUMCISION FOR PREVENTION OF HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN ADULT MALES IN SOWETO, what do indicators and incidence rates show?untitled protocol v1
Authors: H Mukudu Hillary , Martinson Neil , Sartorius Benn
Published: August 2018

Background The biomedical prevention of HIV transmission that medical male circumcision confers was confirmed in a clinical trial setting and rolled out in VMMC programmes. Data assessing the effectiveness of this in a programmatic setting is not available. Concerns about possible risk compensation in circumcised males after circumcision have been raised. Aim To determine the effectiveness of medical male circumcision in prevention of HIV transmission and risk compensation Objectives• To determine the characteristics of HIV sero-negative males aged 18-40 years who seek circumcision.• To determine the incidence of HIV in circumcised males aged between 18 -40 years of age in a mass male circumcision setting.• To determine the risk factors associated with HIV sero-conversion among circumcised males aged 18-40 years.• To determine the effect of circumcision on indicators of HIV transmission MethodsThe study will be a Cohort study design. Clients seeking circumcision will, upon providing consent, be enrolled in to the study. All will be provided with HIV counselling and testing as is currently the norm. A questionnaire will be administered by trained interviewers, prior to the circumcision. Both will be done on the same day. Two to seven days post circumcision they will be seen to check for any surgical complications as is currently being done in routine practice. There are follow-up visits that will be scheduled for 6 and 12 months post circumcisions. At these visits a questionnaire will be administered as well as an HIV test done. These will require that the participants come back to the clinic. To minimise loss to follow up subjects will be called by telephone or sent SMS reminders as to the days of follow up as well as a designated member of the study team will phone the subjects at least once a month.
PUBLIC OPINION ON RELIGIOUS PRIVILEGES IN THE REPUBLICS OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: ETHNICSOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: KORNIENKO N. V.
Published: August 2018

The article is based on materials of ethnic-sociological research  conducted in 2016 on the territory of the republic of the North  Caucasus Federal District of the Russian Federation: Republic of  North Ossetia-Alania, Chechen Republic, Karachay-Cherkess  Republic, Republic of Ingushetia, Republic of Dagestan, Kabardino- Balkarian Republic. The survey involved 1200  respondents - 200 people from each republic. The article analyzes  the question of the validity of granting state and legal privileges of  religious organizations. Respondents were asked to express their  opinion about granting the state privileges only to the Russian Orthodox Church; only Islam - the most popular religion in  the religion; only three traditional religions of Russia (Orthodoxy,  Islam, Buddhism); granting equal rights to all religions or depriving  all religions of any privilege. The author comes to the conclusion  about almost complete unanimity in the issues of granting religious  privileges to the inhabitants of the region - regardless of their  religious affiliation, people want equal rights for all religions, they  are less willing to grant rights only for all religions. All groups  unanimously denied the rights of the privileges of the Russian Orthodox Church, Islam was also unwilling to grant rights to  all groups except Chechens, but this option is far inferior to equal  treatment of the three traditional or all religions.
INTERDISCIPLINARITY AND POLYFUNCTIONALITY IN THE SYSTEM OF CONCEPTS OF MODERN SCIENCE (BASED ON THE TERMS OF SOCIOLINGUISTICS, SOCIOLOGY, AND LINGUISTICS)
Authors: NEMYKA A. A. , SYTINA A. V.
Published: August 2018

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of realization  of important properties of interdisciplinarity and polyfunctionality  within the framework of the modern scientific conceptual paradigm. The study is based on the material of units functioning  mainly within the term systems of sociolinguistics, sociology and  linguistics. The relevance of the topic is due to the lack of  development in modern science of the issues of systematic research of interdisciplinary integrative specificity of terminological  usage. At the moment, we have accumulated a rich experience of  describing languages of different Sciences, including new ones, which form their conceptual paradigm. However, researchers  have so far not paid enough attention to such aspects of the  terminology as its usual and specific features in the field of the  existence of new scientific directions. The problem also lies in the fact that modern conceptual systems of sociolinguistics, sociology and linguistics are characterized by a  number of specific features that manifest themselves in the field of  their semantic connections and functional features. And if scientific  research has already been created in relation to many terms, then in  relation to the special units of these areas of such studies there is  still not enough quantity for the problem to be considered  resolved, reasoned and proven. The article cites the opinions of scientists, based on the provisions of modern methodology and  terminology theory and practice. Based on such a study of the  material, conclusions are drawn about the constitutive parameters of  the terminological discourse under investigation.
LIMITATIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP OF POWER AND LOCAL COMMUNITY IN MODERN RUSSIAN CONDITIONS
Authors: ROGACH O. V. , MEDVEDEVA N. V. , FROLOVA E. V.
Published: August 2018

The formation and development of partnerships between the  authorities and society in the process of selecting strategic guidelines  for social development have recently become the top  priorities for many states. Modern trends and transformations of management practices actualize the use of social partnership  technology in solving problems of social and economic development  of the territories. The novelty of the material presented in the article is revealed in the analysis of the limitations of the formation  and development of social partnership in contemporary Russian  conditions, the results of which allow a fresh look at the causes and  factors initiating a high level of alienation of the population from  local self-government. The results of the expert survey allowed us to  uncover the conditions for the formation of social partnership at  the new institutional level in the context of building a constructive dialogue between local authorities and the population. It  is concluded that institutional changes should be focused on  strengthening the functions of strategic management, the formation  of investment orientation of local authorities, ensuring the real autonomy of local government.
REVIEW OF: SHAPAROVA A.K. POLITICAL REPRESSION OF CIRCASSIANS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS (1918 - 1940S). HISTORICAL AND ARCHIVAL MATERIALS AND MEMOIRS. NALCHIK: IGI KBSC RAS, 2027. 824 P. CIRCULATION 500 COPIES
Authors: BUGAI N. F.
Published: August 2018

In the reviewed narrative, a thorough analysis of the book offered to  the reader is made. For the first time in Russian historiography  and as an author, and at the same time, the compiler A.K.  Shaparova draws attention to the collective name of representatives  of various Circassian communities living in the North Caucasus -  Kabardians, Adygeyan ethnic communities, etc. Turning to such a  complex problem as forced resettlement of peoples on the territory  of Russia, the USSR, the author focuses on the Circassians. For a  long period she was engaged in the identification and generalization of materials and documents on the life of Circassian  communities in the study area in the chronological framework of the  1930s-1940s, specifically revealing many of the historical portraits of  Circassians. And it concerns exclusively the peoples of the North  Caucasus until 1917 and as an independent period after 1917, under  the conditions of Soviet power. Of particular interest is the  period until the early 1920s, which was associated with various kinds of transformations of society that had to be overcome by new  state autonomous entities. In fact, the independent period is also the  1940s, when the mechanism of interethnic relations in the state  was actively involved in practice as forced resettlement. It  universally acted as a kind of management of peoples and citizens. It  often resorted to the authorities as before 1917, and in the Soviet  period. The book is intended for a wide range of readers that  have the opportunity to significantly expand their knowledge on this  complex issue of the history of the peoples of Russia, the USSR,  about the complex process when such a method of managing many  aspects of interethnic relations as forced relocations was actively  involved. The book is read with great interest.
REVOLUTION FROM THE RIGHT: THE RUSSIAN BLACK HUNDREDS MOVEMENT AND ITS PLACE IN THE HISTORY OF EUROPEAN FAR RIGHT PARTIES AND MOVEMENTS Part II-I: the Black Hundred understanding of Russianness in the general European context of the history of nationalism and the consolidation of nations: origins and development of varieties of nationalism in the Russian Empire and Europe
Authors: ROCCHI T.
Published: August 2018

This series of articles investigates the Black Hundreds’ understanding  of Russianness in the general European  context of the history of nationalism. In brief, Russianness is the  totality of nationally specific characteristics that define Russians as  Russians and that distinguish Russians from other peoples. Through  Russianness, according to the Black Hundreds, Russians should form  a cohesive, selfidentifying community united in loyalty to the triple formula “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality”. The Black  Hundred understanding of Russianness strongly differed from the  definition of Russianness by other Russian nationalists of the period.  Several historians have noted that the Black Hundreds’ definition of  a “true Russian” indicated not an ethnic but rather a political  affiliation - loyalty to the triple formula “Orthodoxy, Autocracy,  Nationality”. The Black Hundreds’ understanding of Russianness had  contradictory applications. The Black Hundreds emphasized the  allembracing nature of the Russian people and considered many  members of the non-Russian peoples as members of the Russian  nation. However, they also excluded entire categories of Russians  from the ranks of the Russian people and divided the non-Russian peoples of the Empire into the categories of “friendly to  Russia” and “hostile to Russia”. The Black Hundreds also often used  eschatological themes of demonization of external and especially  internal enemies of Russia and the Russian people. Note that the  Black Hundreds followed general European trends in political  eschatology. It is important to note that the debates about Russianness were an integral part of the general European process of the consolidation of both ethnic and political  nations against the background of competing understandings of  identity of individuals, groups, and societies. The articles will give a  comparative analysis of the Black Hundreds’ concept of Russianness  with the concepts of Frenchness in the French Revolution and  Germanness in Nazi Germany. The articles’ theme has a huge  contemporary relevance in light of debates about national identities  and values in the Russian Federation and many European countries.
EVALUATION OF THE CONTRADICTIONS OF TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION MANAGEMENT: SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Authors: IVANOVA O. A.
Published: August 2018

The author in the article on the basis of the results of a specific  sociological study shows the importance of traditions and innovations  in the system of managing Russian higher education to  ensure the educational security of the state in the conditions of the  transition of the world economy to science-intensive technologies,  the unification of legislation, and the integration of production. The technology of investigating the problem is presented on the  basis of a complex of theoretical and empirical methods. The  methodology of studying education as an open system in which  traditions are subjected to destruction by the forces and means of a  hybrid war is revealed. Possible threats, dangers, objectivity and  subjectivity of the conflict of traditions and innovations in the  management system of higher education are shown. The author  substantiates the necessity to minimize the conflict by the organization of strategic management of the main institutions of  the society. The shortcomings of our system of higher education  management are revealed, which do not allow implementing the  best practices of the Bologna process. The rationale for introducing  innovations and preserving domestic traditions is presented. The  ways of prevention of conflicts of traditions and innovations in the  system of management of higher education in Russia are determined. The results of the study of the conflict of traditions  and innovations in the system of management of Russian higher  education showed that the introduction of Western educational  innovations led to destructive conflicts. The main reasons for the  contradictions between traditions and innovations are shown.
The role of obesity in the development of labor and postpartum abnormalities
Authors: Asakeeva R S , Kalkanbaeva Ch K , Zhalieva G K , Niyazova F R , Shoonaeva N Dzh
Published: August 2018

Aim. Comparative assessment of the features of the course of labor and postpartum period in women with obesity of various classes.

Methods. During 2014-2016, a cohort retrospective and prospective study included 318 birth records. The main group consisted of 198 case records of women with different severity of obesity (122 with obesity class I, 57 with class II and 19 with class III), and the control group included 120 case records of women without obesity.

Results. In women with obesity class II and III (p=0.003 and p <0.001) had preterm birth more often than in the control group. Patients with obesity class III had the cesarean section significantly more often than in the control group (p=0.043), in the same group hypertensive disorders in labor and intrauterine hypoxia of the fetus developed more frequently (p=0.009 and p=0.039). In the postpartum period with class III obesity, postpartum haemorrhage was significantly more frequent than in the control group (p=0.045). Among complications of postpartum period in patients with obesity class II, a loychiometer (by 1.7 times), endometritis (by 1.6 times), complications after cesarean section (by 2.1 times) were registered more often than in the control group, and in obesity class III - subinvolution of the uterus (by 2.1 times), endometritis (by 2.4 times), complications after cesarean section (by 3.2 times), divergence of the seams on the perineum (by 2.4 times), but these parameters were not statistically significantly different.

Conclusion. The negative impact of excess body weight on the labor course was shown, moreover, labor in obesity class I is more favorable than in class II and III.
Influence of dental diseases of pregnant women on newborns’ health state
Authors: Prokhodnaya V A
Published: August 2018

Aim. To study the connection between various dental diseases of inflammatory nature in pregnant women and body weight of newborns depending on the presence or absence of systemic inflammatory reaction in the mother's organism and severity of the main symptoms of periodontal lesions.

Methods. We examined 207 pregnant patients with tooth caries, 72 patients with gingivitis and 93 women with chronic generalized periodontitis, 31 healthy pregnant women with no dental and somatic pathology and no complications of gestational period. The dental status of the patients was studied in the third trimester of pregnancy (36-40 weeks of gestation). Body weight was measured in newborn babies from pregnant women with dental pathology and without it. In peripheral, umbilical and retroplacental blood, the concentration of the inflammatory mediator interleukin-6 was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and C-reactive protein was evaluated by latex immune turbidimetry.

Results. The decrease in weight of newborns from mothers suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis, is caused not only by severity of periodontal destruction but also by the course of the disease in pregnancy, damaged integrity and permeability of histochematic barrier, increased concentration of inflammatory mediators in the peripheral, umbilical and retroplacental blood. The risk of having a baby with low birth weight in women suffering from chronic generalized periodontitis with the depth of periodontal pockets is 6 mm, gingival bleeding during probing and increased concentration of systemic inflammatory mediators in peripheral circulation is extremely high and is 0.96.

Conclusion. In mothers suffering from severe gingivitis, moderate chronic generalized periodontitis during pregnancy in case of progressive course of chronic generalized periodontitis, the body weight of newborns is lower compared to body weight of newborns from healthy women without dental pathology.
Indicative role of membranolysis markers in the prognosis of uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia in children of school age
Authors: Pikuza O I , Suleymanova Z Ya , Samorodnova E A , Zakirova A M
Published: August 2018

Aim. To evaluate the indicative role of membranolysis markers in the prognosis of uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia in school children and to establish its relation with zinc status indices.

Methods. The study included 229 children aged 7 to 17 years with community-acquired pneumonia. The patients were divided into three groups based on morphological form of lung involvement: focal (103 children - group 1), segmental (64 patients - group 2), and lobar pneumonia (62 subjects - group 3). The state of cell membranes was evaluated by the activity of 5’-nucleotidase and rate of sodium-lithium countertransport in erythrocyte membrane. Intensity of peroxidation processes was evaluated by the level of end toxic products and total antioxidative activity, and additionally the blood concentration of zinc was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

Results. Significant effect of membranolysis processes on the clinical course of pneumonia was revealed. The most prominent pathological changes of the studied indices were registered in patients with focal form of the disease (group 1): increase of the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in average to 5.4±0.06 umol/L and the level of 5’-nucleotidase to 233.90±9.15 nkat, decrease of serum level of zinc to 9.73±0.09 mmol/L and total antioxidative activity to 23.22±0.29%. It was associated with prolonged course and tendency to slow reversal of physical findings in the lungs compared to patients from groups 2 and 3 (p 0.05, respectively).

Conclusion. Damage of cytoplasmic membrane in the focus of inflammation can be an objective marker of the course of community-acquired pneumonia in children and a sensitive prognostic sign and can allow identifying children into groups of high risk of prolonged course.