bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerodynamic Optimization Design of Compressor Cascade Based on Parallel Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Chen Li Hai , Yang Qing Zhen , Cui Jin Hui
Published: November 2011

Genetic algorithm (GA) is improved with fast non-dominated sort approach and crowded comparison operator. A new algorithm called parallel multi-objective genetic algorithm (PMGA) is developed with the support of Massage Passing Interface (MPI). Then, PMGA is combined with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to improve the optimization efficiency. Training samples of the ANN are evaluated based on the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation solver of cascade. To demonstrate the feasibility of the hybrid algorithm, an optimization of a controllable diffusion cascade is performed. The optimization results show that the present method is efficient and trustiness.
A Method of Tool Breakage Detection in CNC High-Speed Milling
Authors: Gao Qi
Published: November 2011

Tool condition monitoring, mainly tool breakagedetection for high-speed machining (HSM), is an importantproblem to solve; however, the techniques or types ofsensors applied in other research projects present certaininconveniences. In order to improve tool breakage monitoringsystems, a simple, effective, and fast method ispresented herein. This method is based on the discretewavelet transform (DWT) and statistical methodologies.The effectiveness of the method is based on the measurementsof the feed-motor current signals using inexpensivesensors. It is well-known that during the cutting process,the motor current is related to the tool condition.
Functionalized Ionic Liquids as Lubricants for Steel-Steel Contact
Authors: Zhu Li Ye , Chen Li Gong , Yang Xin , Song Hong Bin
Published: November 2011

A new series of functionalized ionic liquids containing ester-group were synthesized through a typical two-step way. The physicochemical properties of the functionalized ionic liquids were studied and the tribological properties of them as lubricants for steel-steel contact were evaluated on an SRV friction and wear tester and compared with the perfluoroalkylpolyether (PFPE), a low-volatility and fluorine containing lubricant, and a conventional ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methy imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (LB104), which is nonfunctionalized. Results showed that all the ionic liquids studied in this paper have better lubricities than PFPE as lubricants for steel-steel friction pairs. Functionalized ionic liquids show worse friction reducing abilities at relatively lower loads, which could be ascribed to their higher viscosities, but they always exhibit better anti-wear abilities than LB104. The possible friction mechanisms were discussed.
Acoustic Emission Study of Corrosion Fatigue and Fatigue for API 5L X70 Gas Pipeline Steel
Authors: Hanafi Z.H. , Jamaludin Nordin , Abdullah Shahrum , Yusof M.F.M. , Zain M.S.M.
Published: November 2011

Acoustic emission is a very important test among non-destructive tests, and it has been applied for the detection of failures in various types of equipment in the petroleum industry, such as pressure vessels, tanks and pipelines. In this study, the effect of pre-existing uniform corrosion on the corrosion fatigue specimen and smooth specimen on fatigue behaviour of API 5L X70 steel pipeline in long life range was investigated by using acoustic emission in fatigue test. The presence of pre-existing uniform corrosion specimen, produces by 4 month immersion in sulphuric acid, H2SO4 (concentration 0.2 ml H2SO4 in 5000 ml deionized water ). Fully reverse (R = -1) constant amplitude fatigue test were done in corrosion fatigue and smooth specimen in different stress amplitudes. It was found that, effect of pre-existing uniform corrosion significantly reduced the fatigue life of the steel pipeline. The correlations of accumulative AE counts for corrosion fatigue higher than fatigue test because of the mechanisms of possible AE sources due to corrosion.
Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Gear in Ultrasonic Gear Honing
Authors: She Yin Zhu , Lv Ming , Wang Shi Ying
Published: November 2011

In the machining of ultrasonic gear honing, gear’s dynamic characteristics have a significant impact on the designing of vibration system and machining quality of gear. Since the gear and solid horn produce resonance, it is necessary to give a comprehensive consideration of the interaction between the two. This paper utilized the boundary conditions of the plate and the horn at the connection surface and their own dynamical equations to establish dynamical model of composite structure of the gear and the horn, which providing a theoretical basis for the horn designing and the gear’s dynamic characteristics analysis in ultrasonic gear honing. The results of calculation example are consistent with that of test, it verifies that the proposed analytical method in this paper is feasible.
Green Quasifunction Method for Bending Problem of Clamped Orthotropic Trapezoidal Thin Plates on Winkler Foundation
Authors: Li Shan Qing , Yuan Hong
Published: November 2011

The Green quasifunction method (GQM) is applied to solve the bending problem of clamped orthotropic thin plates with trapezoidal boundary shape on Winkler foundation. Firstly the governing differential equation of the problem is reduced to the boundary value problem of the biharmonic operator, and then it is reduced to the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind by Green’s formula. A Green quasifunction is established by using the fundamental solution and the boundary equation of the problem. This function satisfies the homogeneous boundary condition of the problem. The singularity of the kernel of the integral equation is overcome by choosing a suitable form of the normalized boundary equation. The comparison with ANSYS finite element solution shows good agreement. The proposed method is a novel and effective mathematical one.
Influence of Attachment Rigidity on Stress Analysis
Authors: Qian Yue Qiang , Liu Fu Jun , Ling Zhang Wei , Kong Shuai
Published: November 2011

In pressure vessels design, WRC107 provides a typical method of local stress analysis to supports and attachments. But influence of the rigidity of attachments on calculation is not considered. For fatigue analysis of round hollow attachment on cylindrical shell, equivalent stresses calculated by WRC107 were compared with those by finite element method. Three attachment thickness configurations, that half, equal, double of the shell thickness were tested. Results show that, in key point Au defined by WRC107 equivalent stress decreases while attachment rigidity increases, and in key point Cu, equivalent stress increases while attachment rigidity increases. When the thickness of attachment equals to that of shell, equivalent stress of WRC107 in Cu comes closest to FEM.
Numerical Investigation of Type IV Shock Interaction and its Active Control
Authors: Wang Dian Kai , Hong Yan Ji
Published: November 2011

In order to investigate the mechanism of the formation of the high pressure region which is caused by the type IV interaction, and to develop an alternate control method, the two-dimensional RANS equations were solved to simulate the interaction under the condition of free stream Mach number 3.45 and oblique shock angle 30°. The configuration of type IV interaction is well illustrated, and the mechanism of the formation of high peak values of pressure is revealed. The prediction of surface pressure without energy deposition is found to be in good agreement with experiments. Continuous energy injection is used to control the flow field to decrease the peak values of pressure. The result shows that the peak value decreased by more than 70%, which suggests that there is a potential for continuous energy deposition control of type IV interaction to protect the blunt leading edge.
Material Flow Behavior during Friction Stir Welding of Copper and Steel
Authors: Huang Chun Ping , Chen Wen Liang , Ke Li Ming , Lu Huang
Published: November 2011

The joining of dissimilar metals, T2 copper and Q235 mild steel was carried out by friction stir welding. The material flow of different shapes of the probe and different forms of welding joints were studied, the material flow behavior on different locations from the probe was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that the screw thread in probe is the main factor in driving material flow along the thickness direction of the weld during FSW of copper and steel, the flow morphology of the weld is significantly different with vary forms of welding joints, and the material flow on different locations from the probe are quite different from each other. Instantaneous cavity will form at the upper of the weld with the use of left screw thread probe during FSW, and if not promptly and adequate padding, it is prone to appear hole-type defects.
Numerical Simulation of Air-Modulated Speaker with a Time-Dependent Shape Vocal Tract Model
Authors: Zhou He Feng , Zeng Xin Wu
Published: November 2011

In order to explore the application of glottis’ deformable modulation model, used to simulate the human phonation process, in high power pneumatic speaker, a simulation model was established to model the flow field in the time-dependent shape vocal tract of air-modulated speaker. Characteristics of unsteady flow field in duct under typical working conditions were analyzed. The evolution process of pulsating sound source in the vocal tract was presented. The speaker’s characteristic parameters with different chamber pressures and modulated frequencies were investigated. The simulation results provided an useful guidance for possible application of improving the acoustic characteristics of pneumatic speaker.
Supercavitating Vehicle LSSVM Multiple Intelligent Control
Authors: Song Jia , Qi Xiao Qiang
Published: November 2011

According to the conditions of supercavitating vehicle stable control problems, the massive uncertain factors caused by reactions between the vehicle and cavity, and the control system real-time request, the paper presents a supercavitating vehicle stable navigation least squares support vector multiple intelligent control scheme. The scheme makes full use of the nonlinear mapping ability, self-learning adaptability and parallel information processing of the least squares support vector machine. Combining with fuzzy control method, complementary advantages, the closed-loop control has been formed. The simulation shows that the control system has good adaptive ability and robustness. The supercavitating movement stability and precise control realizes even in the situation that difficult to obtain an accurate model.
Combined Brainwave Synchronizer with Progressive Muscle Relaxation on the Maintained Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomly Controlled Study
Authors: Hou Yong Mei , Hu Pei Cheng , Wang Mei , Mo Zhan Yu
Published: November 2011

Mental problems have profound influence on the development and transfer of illness of the maintained hemodialysis (MHD) patients in the past study. The goal of this pilot study was to explore the effects of psychological intervention which combined brainwave synchronizer with progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on the mental health, physiological function and quality-of-life (QOL) of MHD patients. Seventy-seven MHD patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (ITG, 39 patients) or the control group (CTG, 38 patients). The CTG received the conventional therapy which included hemodialysis (HD) 3 times/week and recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) at dosages of 100 units/(kg·week-1) to 150 unites/(kg·week-1) by i.v or subcutaneous injection. The ITG received the conventional therapy combined with psychological intervention, which included brainwave synchronizer and PMR. Psychological and QOL outcomes in both groups were assessed with The Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and the Short Form 36 Health survey Questionnaire (SF-36) three days before and after the intervention, respectively. And blood routing and kidney functions indexes were tested with hematic parameter at the same time. Two-tailed independent samplettest andχ2test were performed. Thirty-six patients of the ITG and 34 patients of the CTG completed the study. The patients in the ITG showed better mental state, higher global QOL and higher values of heamoglobin (HB), accounting of red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) and serum calcium, lower values of serum phosphor, serum kalium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) before HD and the ratio of interdialytic weight gain to dry weight (IWGR) than those in the CTG. There is no significant difference in serum creatinine (Scr) before HD between both groups. Psychological intervention seems effective in improving MHD patients’ mental state, increasing their compliance to treatment, and mending their physiological function and QOL.
Preparation of Antheraea pernyi Silk Fibroin/Chitosan Blend Scaffolds
Authors: Zhao Ting , Zhang Ceng , Tang Qiang , Yan Shu Qin , Li Ming Zhong
Published: November 2011

In this work, Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (ASF) /chitosan (CS) blend scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying. The relationship between preparation conditions and morphological structures of blend scaffolds was also studied. The results indicated that the porosity and pore diameter of the ASF /CS scaffolds decreased with increasing of the proportion of chitosan and decreasing of the freezing temperature. By changing the process conditions, the average pore diameter and porosity of ASF/CS scaffolds could be adjusted in the range of 134 - 527 μm and 71 - 91% respectively. Compared with the pure ASF or CS materials, the ASF / CS (60/40) blend materials were more favor of cell adhesion.
Establishment and Application of Human Interactive Three-Dimensional Spine Software
Authors: Shu Heng Sheng , Li Xun Lin , Deng Yao , Qv Tong Jun , Li Yun Sheng , Yuan Wu , Shao Heng
Published: November 2011

It is widely acknowledged that image thinking is significant in medical education. The colorful pictures and animations need to be presented for the users (observers) to make the content easier to be understood. By the appropriate matching of pictures and text, readers are able to associate the text with the image on the screen to reach better understanding. In this case, 3d and dynamic images will take the place of the plane and static ones. The study software applied the image processing software and animation software, such as Photoshop, Flash software. 3d max software is used for processing and preparation the simulation stereo skeleton. the Java language of Cult 3D models help give the characteristics of model rotating and zooming in and out; Using multimedia interactive software, Neobook, makes sure interactive amity of interface and establishes a good interactive operating environment between the users and 3d models. For the basic medical education which has higher visual thinking demand, multimedia education has already be widespreaded and used. This software has interactive function and three-dimensional content, 3d instead of static, dynamic replace static state. It is not only keeping the traditional advantage (such as the logical arrangement of content, strictly text description, etc.), but also providing the learning reference material to the users which has intuitive visual experience, independently and freely self-selection, flexible processing. It is beneficial to understand and learn related contents. This study software shows rich and colorful pictures, 3d dynamic display contents, animation process of image to the users, so as to increase understanding and grasping the contents on human spine. It has multiple functions such as help studying and teaching.
Special Technical Problems in Rotary Heart Pumps
Authors: Qian Kun Xi
Published: November 2011

R&D of artificial heart has lasted over 50 years, now both rotary and diaphragm pumps can assist the circulation of the patients several years, after solving many technical problems. In rotary heart pumps, the basic technical problems have been the implantability, the compatibility, the pulsatility, the durability, the biventricular assist, the automatic measurement, the bionic control and the thrombus formation. This paper summarizes the author’s contributions in solving these problems and shares the novelties of some Chinese rotary heart pumps with the readers. The energy supply is one of the most important unsolved problems in rotary heart pumps; the present methods either by use of electric wire cross the skin or using transcutaneous inductive system are problematic because they are neither convenient nor reliable.
Application of a Novel Freeze-Dried Aerotolerant Bifidobacterium animailis Subsp. Lactis Qq08 (Bl Qq08) in Probiotic Yoghurt Production
Authors: Li Qing Qing , Xu Juan , Chen Mei Ling , Ruan Hui , He Guo Qing , Wu Xue Qian
Published: November 2011

Probiotics are of great beneficial functions, especially on gastrointestinal health. Probiotic yoghurt is gaining popularity for it is the main way to supplement probiotics. In this study, a novel probiotic yoghurt was made by adding a freeze-dried aerotolerant Bifidobacterium animailis subsp. lactis Qq08 (Bl Qq08) to traditional yoghurt. Microbial, physical, chemical and flavor changes of the yoghurt during cold storage were analyzed weekly to study the effects of Bifidobacterium addition on the yoghurt quality. Results showed that the addition of Bl Qq08 didn’t significantly affect the cell viabilities in yoghurt which kept above the recommended level. Chemical and flavor characteristics of the probiotic yoghurt kept similar or turned better, indicating that the lyophlized Bl Qq08 was an excellent probiotic bacteria to product yoghurt.
Characteristics of Seed Oils from Four Blackberries Varieties (Rubus L.)
Authors: Fang Liang , Wu Wen Long , Zhao Hui Fang , Lv Lian Fei , Li Wei Lin
Published: November 2011

The content and composition of fatty acids in the seed oil from 4 blackberry varieties were compared in this paper to provide further guidelines for use of blackberry seeds. Blackberry seed oil contains rich α-linolenic and linoleic acid making it an excellent dietary source of 18:3n-3 and essential fatty acids. The oil is a good dietary source of natural antioxidants for health promotion and disease prevention. The presence of n-3 fatty acid and antioxidants also suggests potential value-added utilization of blackberry seeds for preparing functional foods or supplemental products.
Preparation of Oligopeptide Mixture with a High Fischer Ratio from Egg White Proteins
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Xi Bo , Chi Yu Jie
Published: November 2011

Oligopeptide with a high Fischer ratio by protease hydrolysis from egg white was prepared. The optimal substrate concentration 5.5% and denatured time 15min were determined by nitrogen recovery ratio (NR) testing. Alcalase and enzymesⅡ were selected to hydrolyze egg white protein. The performance of ion exchange resin was chosen when flow rate of the hydrolysate was 8vol/hr. The NR of the hydrolysate was 84.01% and the desalinization ratio was 81.73% after passing ion exchange resin. Activated carbon adsorption chromatography was used to remove free AAA and the result of UV-scanning indicated that active carbon was efficient to absorb AAA. The composition analyzed results showed that the Fischer ratio of hydrolysate was 20.46 and the content of free amino acid was 8.04％. The G-25 gel filration chromatography was used to determine the molecular weight (MW) of hydrolysate and the results showed that the MW distribution of the hydrolysate with a high Fischer ratio was consecutive and it ranged from 300 to 600.
Application of Generalized Stochastic Resonance to the Vibration Test
Authors: Zhang Ying , Li Shu Ming
Published: November 2011

Noise, bistable system and input signal are the three essential factors in stochastic resonance (SR). The noise-induced SR method, the parameter-tuning SR method, and the twice sampling SR method change the characteristics of the noise, the bistable system and the input signal, respectively. With the new cooperation, they can all produce the SR phenomena when the system exceeds the small-parameter area. If treating the strong noise and the input signal with large frequency, the actions of the system parameters can build the system behavior in an orderly way, associated with the twice sampling frequency. The united parameter-tuning SR method adjusts the system parameters to fit the normalized frequency after the twice sampling SR, in order to make the optimal noise intensity. The application to the flow meter vibration test has presented the practicability and effectiveness of the united parameter-tuning SR method.
Behaviour of Tube under Axial Crush Load with Considering Effect of Heat Exchanged
Authors: Dai Xiang Sheng , Ma Jian Min
Published: November 2011

Based on Johnson-Cook constitutive equation energy absorbed by tubes under axial crush load is studied by using Singace fold model with considering strengthening effects of strain rate,strengthening effects of strain and softening effect of temperature which should consider heat exchanged ; the total energy absorbed by tubes,mean load and load-displacement curve are obtained by method of divided step fold; and the relation between them and radius of tube,thickness of tube,fold velocity of tube is analysed.
Digitally Reverse Modeling for the Repair of Blades in Aero-Engines
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Yi Liu , Wang Li Wen , Wang Hao , Tang Jie
Published: November 2011

Blades are key components in aircraft engines, and flight safety is directly impacted by the repair quality of blades. Digital modeling for the surfaces of high pressure blades is conducted in this study based on the cloud data collected with scan. Boundary points of blades are obtained with the method of varied step lengths according to curvature, and then the envelope curves are plotted from the approximation of these boundary points with a third power B spline. 3-D digital models of blades in aero-engines are established with the envelope curves and the condensed data cloud. Results illustrate the smoothness and accuracy of the proposed engine blade repair model.
Evaluation and Design of SNS User Interface in Handheld Device Based on Fuzzy Clustering
Authors: Tian Ran , Xie Qing Sen , Shi Li Wen
Published: November 2011

In the background of the rapid popularization of Panel PC and touch-screen smart phone, the SNS interface is facing a transformation from Website User Interface (WUI) to Handset User Interface (HUI). However, this kind of transformation should be based on deeply digging into the various demands of handheld devices' users, rather than simply integrating the function or streamlining interface of SNS website. This thesis will quantitatively analysis and estimate the users' perceptual demand to express themselves through the method of Fuzzy Evaluation according to Kansei Engineering. The thesis has generalized the SNS design consideration in view of the transformation from WUI to HUI, showed how to optimize the functions in small-interface, in order to meet various perceptual demands of users.
Finite Element Analysis of the Helical Surface Cutting Tool
Authors: Sun Xing Wei , Wang He , Wang Ke , Feng Xin
Published: November 2011

The screw motor is one kind of volume type power generator, the stator and the rotor is screw motor's core part. In this paper, cutting tool's internal stress and the distortion under the condition of milling inner helical curved surface was dissected with finite element method. Variable rule of feed engagement with changing of the processing parameter was discussed. The modal analysis of the special-purpose cutting tool was carried. To reduce the abnormal wear of special-purpose cutting tool in processing process and increase the special-purpose cutting life, the optimizing scheme was given. This research provides the theory reference for the optimized processing technological parameter.
Four-Point Regulation Algorithm for an End-Effector of a Flexible Drilling Robot
Authors: Zhang Lai Xi , Wang Xing Song
Published: November 2011

A new four-point algorithm for orientation and position regulation of an end-effector for a flexible drilling robot is presented in this paper．Four non-coplanar points in three-dimensional space can determine a unique sphere tangent to them, we can find out this sphere’s center point and radii and regard the shape of a workpiece surface in machining area approximately as such a sphere. A vector from the machining point to the center point is regarded as the one normal to the workpiece surface. By this principle, the algorithm firstly measured and calculated a vector normal to drilling machining area on curved surface by four points，and then calculated the difference between this normal vector and the axis of the spindle. If there is difference, the algorithm further figures out the angles of two revolving axes on end-effector and the displacements of three linear axes on robot main body, which should be adjusted．Simulation results of two kinds of curved surface show that the accuracy and efficiency satisfy the practical requirements using this algorithm．
Control Strategy for Multi-Exciter Random Vibration Test
Authors: Chen Dong Jiao , Chen Jia Yan , Shen Xiao Qing , Chen Zhang Wei
Published: November 2011

Multi-exciter vibration can provide greater thrust for overweight test specimen, achieve the uniformity of vibration for the special structure of the thin specimen, and overcome the shortcomings in single-exciter test, it becomes the trend of vibration test. Based on the control theory of multi-exciter vibration test, a system equilibrium synthesis is presented to make up for deficiencies of different methods for random vibration test control algorithm. the relevant experimental study is carried out on the experimental platform, experimental results show that dynamic control range of multi-exciter random vibration control system achieves 90dB in the self closed-loop control test. high precision is reached for self-spectrum control of actual test system after establishing multiple shaker, self-spectrum of control response is controlled in the range of ± 1.5dB, which satisfies requirements in engineering test.
Modeling and Identification for Lightweight High-Speed Machines with Loads Variation
Authors: Fan Shi Xun , Fan Da Peng , Nagamune Ryozo
Published: November 2011

The positioning performance of high-speed, high-accuracy light-weight motion control systems is usually restricted by the structure flexibility and model parameter-varying caused by load mass variation. It needs to develop novel motion control algorithm to eliminate the residual vibration in the end-effectors, as well as to be robust over the load mass variation. This paper addresses the first and crucial step of this problem, modeling and identification technique. The linear parameter-varying model of the system is constructed and analyzed. The parameters and affine function identification method based on nonlinear least-squares and principle component analysis technique is proposed. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through a lightweight machine experimental setup. It is general enough to be applicable to the dynamic behaviors analysis and gain-scheduling robust control design for industrial lightweight vibration suppression and motion control systems that possess flexible elements and variable loads.
Modeling and Simulation of Clamp Band Dynamic Envelope in a LV/SC Separation System
Authors: Li Jun Lan , Yan Shao Ze , Tan Xue Feng
Published: November 2011

The clamp band system is a typical locked and separated device of the launch vehicle (LV) / the spacecraft (SC), and its release-separation process is one of the important factors that affect the LV/SC separation movement. A nonlinear spring-damper model was employed to describe the contact-impact behavior between the V-segment of the clamp band and the LV/SC interface, and lumped mass method was used to depict the clamp band. By using ADAMS, a dynamic model of the clamp band system was established. The simulation results show that the impulse of the explosive bolts and the stiffness of lateral-restraining springs have significant effects on the clamp band dynamic envelope. The shock of the satellite-vehicle separation is very vulnerable to the clamp band pretension and the friction coefficient between the V-segment and the LV/SC interface.
Research on Mechanical Fault Diagnosis Based on Cascaded Bistable Stochastic Resonance and Fractal Box Dimension
Authors: Hao Yan , Dong Jing Chuan , Wang Tai Yong , Wan Jian , Zhang Pan
Published: November 2011

Combining the filtering performance of cascaded bistable stochastic resonance with measurement capability of fractal box dimension for non-linear characteristics of signals, a method of mechanical fault diagnosis based on cascaded bistable stochastic resonance and fractal box dimension was presented. The experiment results showed that this method removed high frequency noise efficiently and obtained precise fractal dimension. In order to implement mechanical fault diagnosis, the non-linear characteristics of mechanical vibration signals were measured by fractal dimension accurately.
Research on the Vibration of Sheet Metal near the Zinc Pot Area in Continuous Hot-Dip Galvanizing Line
Authors: Xu Pei Min , Wang Biao , Ye Jin Jie , Zhang Hai Juan , Huang Zhi Lai , Xu Xiao Kui
Published: November 2011

Large vibration of the sheet metal near the air knife is one of the main factors controlling the accuracy of thickness of the cladding zinc in continuous hot-dip galvanizing line. Lots of vibration tests are carried out on the strip and main equipments in the zinc pot area of a galvanizing line during downtime and operation in order to diagnose causes of the large vibration of the strip near the air knife. Theoretic foundation of adjustment of control parameters to suppress the strip vibration is established. Main mechanisms of large vibration of the strip are found by the theory of the transverse vibration of axially moving continua. The first one is the resonance of forced vibration induced by support movement aroused by passive rollers’ sloshing in the zinc pot, and the other is the parametrically excited resonance of the strip induced by tension fluctuation enlarged by local structural resonances of the cooling tower.
Application Research for Super-Gaussian Random Vibration Test Control Strategy
Authors: Chen Zhang Wei , Wen Xiang , Chen Dong Jiao
Published: November 2011

The super-Gaussian random vibration test has increasingly attracted attention for its existed advantages in comparison with traditional random vibration test. The super-Gaussian random signal generation principle is investigated in study based on the research about control theory for the super-Gaussian random vibration test, meanwhile, super-Gaussian random drive signal used in control system is obtained from Poisson process and filter theory. The experiment proves that high control accuracy of output power spectrum and kurtosis can be realized by taking super-Gaussian random vibration control strategy proposed in paper, which is consistent with the requirement in engineering. In the end, super-Gaussian random vibration control system is applied into the Highly Accelerated life Testing(HALT) for the incandescent lamp, and a comparison between super-Gaussian random vibration test and traditional Gaussian distribution random vibration test is carried out, the comparison results indicate that super-Gaussian random vibration excitation signal comparing with Gaussian distribution signal can markedly quicken the fatigue failure process for incandescent lamp.
Based on GA Mixed with Trust Region Method Solving Nonlinear Least Square Problems
Authors: Hu Miao , Wang Tai Yong , Geng Bo , Wang Qi Chen , Li Dian Peng
Published: November 2011

Nonlinear least square is one of the unconstrained optimization problems. In order to solve the least square trust region sub-problem, a genetic algorithm (GA) of global convergence was applied, and the premature convergence of genetic algorithms was also overcome through optimizing the search range of GA with trust region method (TRM), and the convergence rate of genetic algorithm was increased by the randomness of the genetic search. Finally, an example of banana function was established to verify the GA, and the results show the practicability and precision of this algorithm.
The Comparative Trail Research on the Performance of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Diesel Fuel and Biodiesel/Diesel Blended Fuel
Authors: Cheng Wen Ming , Xie Hui , Li Gang
Published: November 2011

This paper discusses the brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency of a diesel engine using cottonseed biodiesel blended with diesel fuel. A series of experiments were conducted for the various blends under varying load conditions at a speed of 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm and the results were compared with the neat diesel. From the results, it is found that the brake specific fuel consumption of cottonseed biodiesel is slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds, with this increase being higher the higher the percentage of the biodiesel in the blend. And the brake thermal efficiency of cottonseed biodiesel is nearly similar to that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds. From the investigation, it is concluded that cottonseed biodiesl can be directly used in diesel engines without any modifications, at least in small blending ratios.
Effects of Different Stocking Densities on Growth, Serum Steroid Hormone Concentrations, Gonadosomatic Index and Sex Reversal in the Rice Field Eel, Monopterus albus (Zuiew)
Authors: Yuan Han Wen , Chen Fang , Xu Qiao Qing , Gong Shi Yuan , Chu Zhang Jie , Yang Dai Qin
Published: November 2011

The effects of stocking density on various growth parameters and sex reversal in the rice field eel (Monopterus albus) were investigated by evaluating steroid hormone, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and sex ratio. Fish (mean initial weight of 9.88 ± 0.70 g) were stocked to densities of 4, 20, 36, 52, 68, 84 or 100 fish/m2 in cages (2 m × 1 m × 1.5 m) in a pond, with five replicate cages for each density. Fish were fed for 420 days on a formulated isocaloric diet containing 40.22% crude protein and 12.86 MJ/kg. Serum E2 and T concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassays. There were no significant differences in final bodyweight (FBW) and daily weight gain (DWG) for fish in the groups containing less than 52 fish/m2, while FBW and DWG were significant lower in groups at 68 fish/m2 or more. Specific growth rate (SGR) differed significantly between the 84 and 100 fish/m2 groups compared with the 4, 20 and 36 fish/m2 groups. There was no significant difference in SGR in groups containing less than 84 fish/m2. There were no significant difference between the 4 and 20 fish/m2 groups in net yield (NY), but these groups did differ significantly from the other groups. The final condition factors of fish stocked at 84 or 100 fish/m2 were significantly lower than fish stocked at the other densities. E2 and T hormone concentrations declined as stocking density increased, while GSI values increased initially but then reduced with increasing stocking density. Female ratio and survival decreased with increasing stocking density. The proportion of male fish was significantly greater in the three highest stocking density groups. Therefore, high stocking density may promote sex change from female to male in M. albus.
The Stability of Unsaturated Soil Foundation Pit Reinforced with the Cement-Mixed Sheet Pile Wall
Authors: Li Rong Jian , Duan Hao , Zheng Wen , Li Hai Tao
Published: November 2011

The non-uniform distribution of matric suction in the unsaturated soil has a great impact on the stability of the unsaturated soil foundation pit. By means of the strength reduction finite element method, the stability of the unsaturated soil foundation pit reinforced with the cement-mixed sheet pile wall was analyzed. The overall safety factor of the unsaturated soil foundation pit reinforced with the cement-mixed sheet pile wall is greatly reduced and the position of potential sliding surface goes upward with the gradually decreasing of matric suction. With the constant height of the cement-mixed sheet pile wall, the shallower the embedding depth of the cement-mixed sheet pile wall is, the smaller the safety factor of the foundation pit slope is. The results show that the safety factor of the overall stability of the unsaturated soil foundation pit decreases with the deep excavation and the gradually decreasing of the matric suction.
Effect of the Nitrogen Nutrient on Pigments of Flower Stalk in Chinese Kale
Authors: Chen Ri Yuan , Song Shi Wei , Song Chuan Zhen , Liu Hou Cheng , Sun Guang Wen , Huang Dan Feng
Published: November 2011

Effect of nitrogen level (50, 100, 200, 300, 400 mg/L) on pigment accumulation of flower stalk in Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabraBailley) (cv. Zhonghua) were studied by hydroponics. The results showed that chlorophyll concentration of flower stalk in 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L N treatments were higher before stage Ⅲ, those in 50 mg/L were the highest, while those in 200 mg/L N treatment were the highest at stage Ⅳ and Ⅴ. Carotenoid concentrations in 50mg/L N treatment were the highest during flower stalk development (except at stageⅤ), while those in 100mg/L N treatment were the highest at stagesⅤ.The concentrations of flavonoids and anthocyanin in flower stalk epidermis were the highest in 100 mg/L N treatment, those in 50mg/L N treatment were higher than other treatments. The ratio of anthocyanin/chlorophyll in flower stalk epidermis also were the highest in 100 mg/L N treatment, and higher in 50mg/L N treatment, thus the epidermis appeared mauve in 50 and 100mg/L N treatments.
Desiccation Induced Shrinkage of Compacted Tropical Clay Treated with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Eberemu Adrian O.
Published: November 2011

Desiccation studies are an integral part of material selection for waste containment systems. Laboratory studies on compacted tropical clay (with illite as the dominant clay mineral sourced from an excavation site) treated with up to 16% rice husk ash (RHA); an agro-industrial waste to evaluate its desiccation induced shrinkage and hence its suitability as a cover material in waste containment systems were carried out. Soil-RHA mixtures were compacted using three compactive efforts at -2, 0, 2 and 4% of optimum moisture content (OMC). Compacted samples, extruded from the compaction mould were allowed to air dry in the laboratory for a 30 day period after which they were subjected to two cycles of wetting and drying. Results show that changes in mass and volumetric shrinkage strain (VSS) were large within the first five days of drying and were affected by the compactive effort. VSS increased with higher moulding water content, water content relative to optimum and RHA treatments. VSS were affected by the compactive effort. Acceptable compaction planes were obtained for up to 12% RHA treatment. After two cycles of wetting and drying, it was observed that the rate of capillary rise within the compacted soil increased with lower compactive effort and higher rice husk ash treatment. Lower amount of cracking was observed in soil specimen with higher rice husk ash treatment and higher cracking in soils with lower rice husk ash content. Increased compactive effort reduced the effect of swelling during wetting; showing the suitability of the material as a cover in municipal waste containment facility and beneficial reuse of this agro waste product.
Experimental Evidence of a Neutron Flux Generation in a Plasma Discharge Electrolytic Cell
Authors: Cirillo Domenico , Germano Roberto , Tontodonato Valentino , Widom Allan , Srivastava Yogendra N. , del Giudice Emilio , Vitiello G.
Published: November 2011

A substantial neutron flux generated by plasma excitation at the tungsten cathode of an electrolytic cell with alkaline solution is reported. A method based on a CR-39 nuclear track detector coupled to a boron converter was used to detect the neutrons. This method is insensitive to the strong plasma-generated electromagnetic noise that made inconclusive all the previous attempts to identify neutrons in electrolytic plasma environment by means of electric detection techniques.
Development of an Electrochemical Maltose Biosensor
Authors: Morón Carlos , Tremps Enrique , Garcia Alfonso , Somolinos Jose Andrés
Published: November 2011

In this work, electrochemical maltose biosensors based on mutants of the maltose binding protein (MBP) are developed. A rutheniumIIcomplex (RuII), which is covalently attached to MBP, serves as an electrochemical reporter of MBP conformational changes. Biosensors were made through direct attachment of RuIIcomplex modified MBP to gold electrode surfaces. The responses of some individual mutants were evaluated using square wave voltammetry. A maltose-dependent change in Faradic current and capacitance was observed. It is therefore demonstrated that biosensors using generically this family of bacterial periplasmic binding proteins (bPBP) can be made lending themselves to facile biorecognition element preparation and low cost electrochemical transduction.
Radiation Dosimeter Based on Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Structures Containing Silicon Nanocrystals
Authors: Nedev Nicola , Manolov Emil , Nesheva Diana , Krezhov Kiril , Nedev Roumen , Curiel Mario , Valdez Benjamin , Mladenov Alexander , Levi Zelma
Published: November 2011

MOS structures containing silicon nanocrystals in the gate dielectric have been tested as dosimeters for ionizing radiation. Before irradiation the nanocrystals have been charged with electrons by applying a pulse to the gate electrode. The γ-irradiation with doses in the range 0-100 Gy causes approximately linear variation of the flatband voltage, resulting in sensitivities of ~ 2.5 mV/Gy. At higher doses the sensitivity decreases because of decrease of the oxide electric field.
The Role of Leadership in High Tech Manufacturing Companies in a Changing Environment
Authors: Triantafyllopoulos Yiannis , Konstantopoulos Nikolaos , Sakas Damianos P.
Published: November 2011

This article aims to examine the role of leadership after a change in the business environment of a company, such as a Merger and Acquisition, in high tech manufacturing companies. Particularly as the number of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) continues to increase and during recession times is one of the most common strategy, more leaders are called upon to to develop their skills an play the most important role for the company strategy. For this purpose both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to examine the effect of leadership after a Merger and Acquisition in some Greek companies that operate in manufacturing business. Findings indicate that in many cases the change that occurs as a result of a merger is imposed on the leaders who have the critical role not only to communicate effectively the company strategy but also to find the correct ways to apply the requested performance management strategies, such as recognition, innovation and others in the new company employees.
Fabrication and First Characterization of Ni2MnGa Glass-Coated Microwires
Authors: Varga Rastislav , Ryba T. , Saksl Karel , Zhukova Valentina , Zhukov Arcady P.
Published: November 2011

In this paper we report on fabrication and characterization of a novel glass coated Ni2MnGa glass coated microwires with metallic nucleus diameter of 44 μm prepared the modified Taylor-Ulitovsky method. First magnetic and structural characterization have been performed.
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Based Sensors for Selective Detection of Chemical Pollutants
Authors: Lopes I. , Gohier A. , Porterat D. , Chenevier P. , Deniau G. , Palacin S. , Mayne-L’Hermite M. , Reynaud C.
Published: November 2011

This work reports the design of a resistive gas sensor based on 2D mats of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The sensor sensitivity was optimised using chlorine by tuning both MWCNT network morphology and MWCNT electronic properties. Raw CNT were compared with annealed CNT. Besides, with the aim to enhance the sensor sensitivity and selectivity for detection of several gases, MWCNT were functionalized with poly (phenylene)-like or vinyl polymers using a process based on the diazonium chemistry. In this paper, we will mention the preparation of such sensors and we will demonstrate that the optimized devices are operating at room temperature, for the detection of pollutants such as chlorine, hydrogen chloride and ammonia. Such sensors are able to detect down to 30 ppb of pollutant, in particular for chlorine.
Single Sensor Gas Analysis Using a Microfluidic Channel
Authors: Ghafarinia Vahid , Hossein-Babaei Faramarz
Published: November 2011

We have recently disclosed a novel technique for gas analysis based on monitoring the free diffusion-physisorption of the analytes in a microfluidic channel. Equipped with a single general gas sensor, the prototype can recognize variety of gases and gas mixtures. Here, the structural details of the fabricated prototype are given. The performance of the prototype is demonstrated by presenting analysis results obtained for a number of pure and mixed gaseous analytes.
Gas Sensing Properties of Nanocrystalline Nd1-xCaxFeO3
Authors: Kong Xiang Wei , Qin Hong Wei , Zhang Ling , Sun Li Hui , Hu Ji Fan
Published: November 2011

The nanocrystalline powders Nd1-xCaxFeO3 prepared by sol-gel method crystallized as perovskite orthorhombic structure. The mean grain size of Nd1-xCaxFeO3 powders were about 15~ 40 nm. The conductivity of the Ca doped samples was enhanced, compared to that of the undoped. The Nd0.9Ca0.1FeO3-based sensor showed good gas sensing properties to ethanol and acetone. The responses of the Nd0.9Ca0.1FeO3-based sensor to 600ppm ethanol and acetone were about 158.4 at 220°C and 61.7 at 240°C, respectively.
Cyclodextrin-Based Supramolecular Multilayer Assemblies for the Design of Biological Optical Sensors Using Tilted Fiber Bragg Gratings
Authors: Lépinay Sandrine , Laffont Guillaume , Volet Giséle , Wintgens Véronique , Ferdinand Pierre , Millot Marie Claude , Carbonnier Benjamin
Published: November 2011

In this work, we demonstrate the possibility to use optical fiber incorporating photowritten tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBG) as optical detection system for the real time monitoring of interfacial adsorption events and biological recognition. For this purpose, immobilization of cyclodextrin polymers onto the surface of optical fiber was envisioned through the layer-by-layer self-assembly method with the aim of developing sensing layers with well-defined host properties. To develop a biological sensor, amphiphilic dextran, acting as intermediate layer between the polyelectrolyte multilayer assembly and the biological probe, was immobilized though inclusion complex formation. The dextran layer exhibit a dual functionality: (i) it prevents non-specific proteins adsorption and (ii) it allows covalent immobilization of anti-bovine serum albumine through activation of the hydroxyl groups with 1,1’-carbonyl diimidazole. To verify the feasibility of our strategy, fluorescence microscopy was applied to evidence the effective inclusion of fluorescent macromolecular – flurorescein labelled dextran bearing adamantane as side-grafts – species within the cyclodextrin cavities present onto the optical fiber interface and at the last layer to prove the grafting of anti bovin serum albumin onto the amphiphilic dextran by a capture of fluorescein bovin serum albumin by the antibody layer. In a further step, it was demonstrated that the elaboration of the multilayer assembly can be monitored in real time using the TFBG sensor.