bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in Groundnut Production in Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Project Officer (Spl. Deputy Directore of Agriculture) Groundnut Export Oreientation Programme Vellore, T SIVASUBRAMANIAN
Published: October 2023

Groundnut occupies a pre-eminent position in Tamil Nadu which ranks first in yield per acre and second in production and fourth in acreage among the sister States in India, which itself occupies the premier position in world acreage and production. Tamil Nadu accounts for an annual production of 10.56 lakh tons from an area of 22 lakh acres. A large number of projects is ushered in for boosting groundnut production and among them the one on Export Promotion assumes significance. In such schemes, a certain lacuna does prevail for want of sufficient data for a planned programme resulting in poor returns on investment. Fortunately however, as far as groundnut is concerned, authentic data have been preserved and they are helpful in proposing a proper approach towards success in the task. It is common knowledge that a two-pronged approach is by far safe and proper in maximising production and they are 'extensive' and 'intensive' cultivation. An attempt is made in this paper in proposing criteria for the two basic methods for boosting groundnut production in Tamil Nadu.
Study of the Forms of Soil Phosphorus in Tamil Nadu
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer in Chemistry ,Agricultural College Madurai, V BALASUBRAMANIAN , D RAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Knowledge of the Chemistry of soil P is indispensable for following its utilisation by plants, and accounts of soil-plant relationship will be clear only when the forms and properties of soil P are known. Therefore; attempts to fractionate soil P and to learn the chemical nature of the fractions have been and will continue to be subjects of fruitful research. The main objective of this study is to examine in detail the distribution pattern of soil P in the major soil groups of the Tamil Nadu. Forty soil samples representing the four soil groups of the State, viz., alluvial, red, black and laterite, were collected from various parts and analysed for the different fractions of soil P in addition to those physical and chemical properties which have a bearing on the problem taken up for the present study.
Optimum Requirements of Nitrogen, Method and Time of Application for Paddy Crop Under Manimutha Project Area in Tirunelveli District
Authors:   Assitant in Paddy Rice Research Station Ambasamudram, M SUBBARAYALU , P RETHINA VELU ,   Assitant in Paddy Rice Research Station Ambasamudram
Published: October 2023

The completion of the Manimuthar Project in Tirunelveli District has raised the importance of rice crop in the taluks of Nanguneri, Tiruchendur and portions of Ambasamudram Taluk. Areas which have been erstwhile dependent on rain or tanks have now come under assured irrigation and with the main change, the fertilizer application practice has gained importance. Innumerable trials conducted throughout India and elsewhere have clearly brought out the need for fertiliser application in rice fields. Ramiah et al (1952) stated that in India on an average, an increased yield of 334 to 556 kg of grain was obtained from one hectare when 22 to 35 kg. of N was added as top dressing. Fertiliser trials on paddy conducted by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (1953-'56) have shown that the response in Madras State has been of the order of 150 kg. grain per hectare at a level of 9 kg. N per hectare and 200 kg. grain per hectare at 18 kg. N per hectare. Ghose et al (1956) found that the rate of response varied considerably from place to place and at different levels of nitrogen. Ghose et al (1956) at Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack reported that both surface application at planting and pellet deep placement 3 to 4 weeks after planting have given higher yield responses than the customary surface application. An experiment was conducted at the Model Agronomic Centre, Melaseval in Tirunelveli district to find out the optimum requirements of nitrogen, methods of application and time of application, The results obtained during four seasons (Samba seasons 1962-63 and 1963-64 and summer seasons 1963-64 and 1964-'65) are presented in this article.
Flow of Credit for Agricultural Development
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer Agricultural Economics ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, V MEENAKSHISUNDARAM , M BALASUBRAMANIAN ,   Research Assitant in Agricultural Economics ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, S.R SUBRAMANIAN ,   Research Assitant in Agricultural Economics ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Agriculture is the main economic sector providing the homestead, employment and income to the majority of the population in India. The main problem confronting such a vital sector is according to Leduc (1963), how to enable a peasant agricultural economy to finance the investments required for the desired development and to raise the working capital necessary for the annual crop cycle. Cited (Anon, 1904), by The Committee on Co-operation in Madras (1940) "One of the most difficult problems with which the small agriculturist is everywhere confronted is to obtain the money which is necessary for his operations at a reasonable rate of interest. The normal source of credit namely, the ordinary commercial banks, is closed to him partly owing to the nature and length of operations involved in agriculture and partly due to the unstable rate of yield on capital investments. The conditions of uncertanity, dilatory and unpunctual habit in the matter of repayments by farmers elc., have all contributed to the closure of general flow of credit from banks". The bulk of the agri- cultural credit has, therefore, been from money-lenders but at usurious rates. Painted in dark colours their behaviour has been greedy, unscrupulous and fradulent. Hence it becomes inevitable for the State to play an active role in the field of agricultural credit as an unselfish lender. In order to evaluate the benefits accruing to the farmers as a result of different kinds of financial aid provided by the Government for agriculture, an investigation was undertaken in the Coimbatore district. The data related to the problem of credit and role of different agencies supplying the credit. The present paper is based on the data relating to Southern parts of Coimbatore district.
Time of Sowing and its Effect on Two Medium Duration Varieties of Paddy
Authors:   Assitant in Paddy, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, S PALANISAMY , S SIVASUBRAMANIAM ,   Assitant in Paddy, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore, T KALYANIKUTTY ,   Assitant Agronomist, Rice Scheme,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Both the Scientists and the ryots have recognised for a long time the restrictive iufluence of season and have classified the varieties of paddy accordingly. They also found to their discomfiture that a slight change or delay due to unavoidable reasons in the normal growing season adversely affected the growth and yield. This deleterious effect is chiefly ascribed to the change in environment, as the genetic potentialities of the varieties remained the same. In this paper an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of environment as expressed by daylength and temperature, on yield, duration and other agronomic traits like tillering, height, panicle and grain characters by delaying the time of sowing.
Effect of Salinity on the South Indian Field Crops-Duration and Grain setting in Ragi (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.)
Authors:   Reader in Agronomy, Faculty in Agronomy  Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, R KALIAPPAN , A RAJAGOPAL ,   Fundamental Research Assitant, Faculty in Agronomy  Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

The osmotic concentration of the soil solution and the toxicity of the ions in the media influence the physiological functions of the plant. Growth, tillering, flowering and yield are affected due to saline condition. The root elongation is also limited with increased salinity. In the present study an attempt is made to evaluate the salinity effect on the duration from sowing to panicle emergence and grain setting percentage in ragi.
Effect of Spacing, Nitrogen and Phosphorous levels on yield and Protein content of Soyabean
Authors:   Assitant Professor of Agronomy Govt Agricultural College Kanpur, V SINGH , J.P SINGH ,   Post Graduate Student Govt Agricultural College Kanpur
Published: October 2023

Soyabean (Glycine max) is cultivated in temperate condition of Himalayan region particularly in Kumaun and Garhwal Zones, where it is locally known as "Bhat". The main reason for the popularity of this corp is its richest protein content and exceptionally high oil content as compared to other pulse crops. Sufficient information is lacking in regard to its agronomical practices such as proper spacing and manurial requirements in the condition of plains of Uttar Pradesh. In order to find out suitable spacing and requirements of nitrogen and phosphorus for soyabean, the present experiment was conducted at Government Agricultural College, Kanpur during the Kharif, 1966-67.
Amino Acid Distribution Patterns in Soils
Authors:   Assitant in Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K.K KRISHNAMOORTHY , D.J DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

It has been almost definitely established by soil scientists that 37-50 per cent of the nitrogen of the soil is of proteinaceous nature. Though considerable work has been done along these lines in other countries no work has been done so far on the nature of soil nitrogen in the soils of South India with special reference to amino acid distribution patterns. The object of the present investigation, reported in this section, is to detect the protein components i. e., amino acids of soil hydrolysates and identification of the amino acids present in the typical soil types of the Madras and Kerala States of South India.
Relative Efficacy of Different Gil-Cakes on the Incidence of Root-knot Nematodes
Authors:   Ph.D Student, Division of Entomology IARI New Delhi, S.F HAMEED
Published: October 2023

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) have become a serious problem in many vegetable growing tracts of our country. The ubiquity of such nematodes in poor soils particularly those devoid of organic matter is perhaps mainly responsible for the extensive infestation consequently leading to low yield and poor quality of a number of vegetable crops. Unbalanced application of fertilizers not only leads to severe repercussion on plant itself but in many cases it increases the reproductive rates of nematodes (Oteifa and Khalil, 1961). The deficiency of phosphorus and potash in some Bihar soils was reported to be responsible for heavy infestation of the nematodes in tomatoes, brinjal and bhindi (Lall and Hameed, 1965). In recent years, the use of organic matter in different forms has been reported to reduce nemic population in soil (Hutchinson, 1960 and Mankau, 1963). Tho organic matter being either directly toxic to the nematode (Ellenby, 1945), or may interfere with respiration and oxidation processes in the nematode body (Renninger, et al., 1958) or alter the oxygen, nitrogen, and pH status of the soil (Mankau, 1963). Linford et al. (1938) observed reduction of soil populations of root-knot nematodes as a result of decompo- sition of organic matter in the soil which in turn supported building up of large populations of plants and animal forms destructive to nematodes including nematode capturing fungi, non-trapping fungal parasites, predaceous nematodes and predaceous mites. These collectively destroyed root-knot nematodes as well as free living forms in early weeks of decomposition. Recently, a number of soil cakes have been tested by various workers against these nematodes. Lear (1959) tested castor cake against M. javanica Treub. Singh (1963-64) reviewed the role of different organic matters used as biological control agents against different plant parasitic nematodes while reporting the efficacy of karanj (Pongamia pinnata) cake as compared to fumigants, green manuring, etc. against M. javanica. In view of this a pot experiment was conducted at Bihar Agricultural College, Sabour during winter 1964 to study the relative efficacy of different types of easily available oil cakes and the effect of their decomposition against Meloidogyne spp.
Nutrient Status and Cation Exchange Capacity of High Level Nilgiri Soils
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer in Chemistry ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, P.K MAHALINGAM , D.J DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Generally laterite soils are very poor in available nutrients and low in cation exchange capacity. In another paper the physical and chemical properties of the Nilgiri soils have been discussed in detail and the soils classified and assigned their proper place among esta- blished soil groups. In this paper features regarding the cation exchange capacity and plant nutrient content of the soils of Nilgiris are discussed and an attempt was made to classify them based upon elevation and certain salient features of the soils to bring out clearly the differences in their agronomic use and capability.
Studies on the Biology of Athalia proxima Klug (Tenthredinidae; Hymenoptera)
Authors:   Research Assitant in Entomology, Gwailor, D.B SHIRKE , R.R RAWAT ,   Chairman of Entomology J.N.K.V.V Jabalpur, S.V DHAMDHERE ,   Lecture in Entomology Agriculture College Gwailor
Published: October 2023

Athalia proxima Klug., the mustard saw fly causes extensive damage to the Cruciferous crops, the larvae of which make irregular holes in the leaves and skeletonise them. Besides feeding on leaves, the female does indirect damage by injuring leaf tissues while inserting the eggs with her saw like ovipositor. Sometimes due to severe infestation resowing becomes a necessary event. The distribution of the pest has been reported from U. S. A. (Klug, 1816), East Indies (Cameron, 1876), Pakistan (Lefroy, 1907), Jahre (Marstatt, 1913), Malaya (Susainathan, 1924), Rangoon, Burma and Sumatra (Ghosh, 1924), and Formosa (Benson, 1932). In India this insect has been noted in erstwhile Bombay State and Bengal as early as 1894 by Middleton. Later on it was recorded from Assam (Mc Swiney, 1919), Bihar (Dutt, 1919), Hilly districts of South India (Ayyar, 1932), Delhi (Isaac, 1934), Bengal (Hedayetullah, 1939), Uttar Pradesh (Lal, 1946), Punjab and Pepsu, Madhya Pradesh (Singh, 1965), Nagpur, Wardha and Amraoti (now in Maharashtra) (Gupta and Joshi, 1955), Mysore (Usman and Pattarudriah, 1955) and Rajasthan (Shriwastava and Sharma, 1965).
Genotypic and Phenotypic Correlations Among Some Quantitative Characters in Mung Bean
Authors:   Lecturor V.N.B Degree College, Rath U.P, S.P SINGH , H.B SINGH ,   Research Scholar Dept of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin U.S.A, S.N MISHRA ,   Research Scholar Dept of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin U.S.A, A.B SINGH ,   Research Scholar Dept of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin U.S.A
Published: October 2023

In practical plant breeding a knowledge of the associations among various yield contributing characters is useful in planning and evaluating a breeding programme. Correlation studies are meant to determine the relationships among various traits which are useful in making selection in the breeding material. Information available on the genetic association among various characters in mung bean is very limited. The present investigation was undertaken to determine genotypic and phenotypic correlations between different pairs of characters and their simultaneous inheritance in mung bean.
Effect of Phosphate Carriers and Doses on Yield of Co. 7 Ragi in Major Soil Groups of South India
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer in Chemistry ,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, S.P MUSTAFA , D.J DURAIRAJ ,   Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Kesponse of several crops to added phosphate fertilizers is well known. In South India experiments have generally indicated only marginal responses to applied phosphorus. It is possible that soil levels of phosphorus are adequate in certain of these soils and deficient in others. Effect of phosphate carriers also is likely to be reflected finally in crop yields. Comprehensive data regarding the phosphorus requirements of ragi crop grown in South Indian soils are not available. The present work was accordingly undertaken to supply the information, in relation also to differences in phosphate carriers.
Studies on the Antifeedant Against the Caterpillars of Pericallia ricini F. (Arctiidae) and Spodoptera littoralis Boesd (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on Castor (Ricinus communis L.)
Authors:   Assitant Lecturer in Entomology, Faculty of Entomology Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, V.T SUNDARAMURTHI , A ABDUL KAREEM ,   Assitant Lecturer in Entomology, Faculty of Entomology Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Organotin compounds have been recently known for their use in insect control as an antifeedant and chemosterilant (Ascher and Rones, 1964; Kenega, 1965). There are enough findings with different organotins proving their antifeeding efficacy and many compounds for moth proofing have been evolved based on their antifeeding properties rather than on insecticidal effects. The present observation was designed to study the effect of TTH (Triphenyl tin hydroxide) on feeding activity of castor bean leaf caterpillar Pericallia ricini F. and Spodoptera littoralis Boesd. (Prodenia litura).
Bionomics of Drosicha magniferae (Green) on Citrus including New Record of its Three Natural Enemies
Authors:   Assitant in Entomologist, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyala Jobalpur, D.K SAXENA , R.R RAWAT ,   Professor and Chairman of Entomology, Dept of Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyala Jobalpur
Published: October 2023

Drosicha (Monophlebus) mangiferae (stebbingi) (Green,) (Homoptera: Margarodidae) is a serious pest in Northern India, chiefly on mango. During 1959-61, reports of heavy fruitfall in Citrus spp. at Gwalior and some other places in M. P. due to the infestation of this pest called for immediate investigations on its bionomics on citrus to fill the lacunae in our knowledge. The results of these investigations are reported here.
A Study on the Incidence, Varietal Preference and Biology of the Ber Fruit Fly in Madhya Pradesh
Authors:   Dept of  Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyala Jobalpur, D.K SAXENA , R.R RAWAT ,   Dept of  Entomology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyala Jobalpur
Published: October 2023

Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Tephritidae: Diptera) is a serious pest of Ber (Zizyphus spp.), rendering upto 80% fruits unfit for human consumption during its peak period of activity and thus giving a set back to the orchardists in Madhya Pradesh. The fly derives its specific name from the fact that it was first discovered on the slopes of Mount Vesuviana damaging Zizyphus sativa in Italy. Fletcher (1917) reported this pest damaging Z. jububa in India. The biology and control of this pest have been reported mainly from South India and North-West India (Cherian & Sundaram, 1940, 1941; Shah et al., 1948; Basha, 1952; Pruthi & Batra, 1960, Narayanan & Batra, 1960). Syed and Qureshi (1961) reported some parasites of the pest from West Pakistan. Since scanty inform- ation is available on the incidence and almost nil on varietal preference, these aspects along with biology were studied at Gwalior, Rewa and Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh for about four years i.c.. 1955-57 to 1958-59 and 1963-64. The results are reported in this paper.
Study of Plant Characters and their Relationship in Rice
Authors:   Statistical Officer Rice Research Scheme,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, K.M PALANISWAMY
Published: October 2023

Many traits, more particularly those that are measurable have been reported to be useful by themselves or in association with other characters in effecting selection of promising plants from a bulk population. An assessment of the extent of variability of these traits in plants of a strain or strains in rice crop as well as the strength of association or correlation among them to judge their reliability would aid the rice breeders in making the selection easy, quick and effective in their breeding programmes and in biometric studies. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made in the study of some important characters such as ear length, number of productive tillers, flowering duration, height of plant etc., and their relationship between one another.
Choice of Position of Leaf on Main Shoot to Represent Total Leaf Area and Prediction of Grain Yield from Plant Characters in Ragi (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.)
Authors:   Assitant Agronomist, Agricultural Research Station,Aliyarnagar 642 101, K MAHUDESWARAN
Published: October 2023

The leaves are indispensable for plants for synthesis of plant food and number of leaves and leaf area have been found to have a bearing on yield. As the measurement of the total leaf area is practically impossible, it has been the custom particularly in millets to record the area of the leaf at a given position on the main shoot to represent the total leaf area of the plant. For example in Sorghum and Ragi the measurement of area of the fourth leaf from top has been in vogue. There are no previous results available on which this practice is based. The present investigation has, therefore, been aimed at determining the position of the single leaf which is most representative of the total leaf area of the plant in ragi. In addition, the relationship between the grain yield and various yield components was also studied to evaluate the relative contribution of the various characters to the grain yield.
The Effect of Irrigation and Manurial Levels of the Yield of Irrigated Cambodia Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum Linn.)
Authors:   Lecturer in Agronomy, Agricultural College Madurai, K.K SUBBIAH , R KALIAPPA ,   Reader in Agronomy Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

With a view to fix up proper levels of irrigation and proper dose of fertilizer and also to study the interaction effect if any present, in MCU 3 cotton an experiment was undertaken in Central Farm, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Coimbatore from 1962 to 1966.
Educação para as relações ético-raciais
Authors: Silva Johnisson Xavier , Castro Vanessa Gomes de , Diógenes Adriana Lúcia Brandão , Xavier Ana Julia Martins , Santos Cláudia Adriana Souza , Andrade Daiane Silva de , Souza Danuza Araújo de , Rodrigues Ester Mariana , Barbosa Fabiano , Cruz Fernanda Gonçalves de Oliveira da , Meireles Gilvânia Antunes , Silva Jailton Lopes da , Santos José Carlos Silvério dos , Pinto José Claudionor dos Santos , Mendes Leandro de Aquino , Barbosa Lorena Mendes , Sarmento Lucas Mendes Afonso , Santos Lucilene Machado dos , Barbosa Maria Flávia Pereira , Rodrigues Mariana Alves , Rodrigues Mayara Archieris Amorim , Murta. Patrícia Loyola , Pimenta Júnior Pedro Borges , Araújo Regina Mendes de , Oliveira Renata Ferreira de , Chaves . Rodolfo de Jesus , Santos Rosana de Jesus dos , Fonseca Rosemere Freire , Souza. Rosimeire Alves de , Silva Samuel da , Pereira Silvana Barbosa , Paiva. Sofia Emanuele Batista , Oliveira Sueli do Carmo , Escobar Suzana Alves , Sena Tatiana da Costa , Souza. Valesca Rodrigues de , Souza Zildete Lopes de
Published: October 2023

Esta obra tem como objetivo registrar as reflexões e práticas desenvolvidas no Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, em seus vários campi, no que tange à educação para as relações étnico-raciais, visando à conscientização histórica e política da diversidade, do direto à diferença, o combate ao preconceito e a discriminação racial, bem como a superação das desigualdades sociais. Assim, o propósito deste livro, ao registrar as reflexões e práticas sobre o tema em questão, na referida instituição de ensino, também é servir como um material educativo de apoio para docentes, discentes, servidores em geral, bem como para a comunidade externa.
O brincar heurístico na Educação Infantil
Authors: Silva Vanessa Maia da , Fragasso Edina Ribeiro , Martins Jane Paz , Boscardim Andressa Helena
Published: October 2023

É através da brincadeira que a criança pode desenvolver a criatividade, a expressão, a comunicação, a imaginação e promover a socialização. Na Educação Infantil o brincar é reconhecido como eixo do trabalho educativo está ligado ao desenvolvimento integral da criança, em todos os aspectos cognitivo, físico, psicológico, social, e a concepção de desenvolvimento relacionada ao lúdico, ligado as brincadeiras, ao faz de conta, etc. O brincar faz parte da vida da criança. É brincando que ela inicia, desde a mais tenra idade, sua interação com o mundo, estabelecendo formas de comunicação, relacionamento e experimentação. O brincar é atividade constante e natural, que estimula o aprendizado e a apreensão de valores culturais e sociais. O adulto de maneira geral vê as atividades lúdicas quando praticadas por ele como atividades de lazer e quando se trata da criança, a brincadeira tem sempre um valor educativo. A partir desse entendimento os espaços e momentos da instituição deverão estar organizados, de maneira a permitir a expressividade das crianças por meio do brincar. Considerando a organização dos espaços para o brincar e a diversidade de brincadeiras, é preciso ser pensado projetos que venham em consonância as necessidades da unidade escolar. Tendo a criança como foco do processo educativo e centro do planejamento, é sugerido, sugerido as escolas, a construção de ambientes de convivência, experiência e aprendizagem nos espaços externos da instituição, como forma de melhorar e ampliar os espaços de vivências e ampliar a diversidade para os brincares das crianças.
Simulation of turbulent non-premixed combustion in pulverized coal from Kalimantan Indonesia
Authors:   National Research and Innovation Agency, Chairunnisa Chairunnisa , Fitrianto Fitrianto , Helios M.P.
Published: October 2023

A computational simulation was created to investigate pollutants during coal combustion in a Drop Tube Furnace using Kalimantan coal. Previous research has explored Drop Tube Furnace combustion with Kalimantan coal, but lacked an understanding of combustion phenomena and pollutants, which are challenging to observe experimentally. This study utilized three samples of Kalimantan coal, namely RP, MB, and KC, acquired from various mining sources. This research is new study of simulation combustion coal in Drop Tube Furnace using non-premixed turbulent combustion and the Probability Density Function model with structured grid. The study reports on the temperatures and mass fractions of pollutants, including NOX, SO2, and CO2, along the centerline of the domain. The findings show that RP coal produced the highest combustion temperature, while KC coal produced the lowest. MB coal had the highest CO2 mass fraction, KC coal had the highest NOx value, and RP coal had the highest SO2 value.
Die Angst vor dem Verstummen. Supervision von Ehrenamtlichen eines Hospizvereins
Authors: Taschner Doris
Published: October 2023

Der Beitrag stellt die erste Phase eines Supervisionsprozesses einer Gruppe ehrenamtlicher Hospizbegleiter:innen dar. Im Fokus der Betrachtung steht die Frage, warum es in der Matrix dieser Supervisionsgruppe lag, auf quälende Weise zu verstummen, weil niemand mehr etwas einbringen wollte. In der Reflexion bewegen die Autorin zunächst Überlegungen zur Ehrenamtlichkeit und zu projektiven Spiegelungen des Verstummens in Konfrontation mit dem Sterben. Wichtigen Aufschluss bietet am Ende die besondere Rolle der hauptberuflichen Ehrenamtskoordinatoren, die an der Supervision teilnahmen und durch ihre institutionell kontrollierende Rolle unbewusst ein freies Sprechen verhinderten.
Die Entwicklung auf die Empathie-Stufe
Authors: Theßen Lars
Published: October 2023

Von den sieben Arbeitsmodulen der Mentalisierungsfördernden Verhaltenstherapie MVT ist das letzte und siebte Modul »Perspektivenwechsel und Empathie«. Erst nachdem authentische und vitale Gefühle und eine zuverlässige Selbstwirksamkeit erreicht wurden, kann der Weg in die Empathie-Stufe beschritten werden. Die zu therapierende Person lernt, sich in die andere Person hineinzufühlen, sodass ihre Bedürfnisse erspürt werden und ihr Denken und Handeln verstanden wird, und sie lernt, sich der anderen Person gegenüber so zu öffnen und auszudrücken, dass diese eine Chance hat, sich einzufühlen und zu verstehen, was die zu therapierende Person braucht und warum sie etwas Bestimmtes fühlt. Es wird dargelegt, wie durch eine sichere und gezielte, aber auch geführte Begleitung das souveräne Denken aus der Denken-Stufe sanft gestört werden kann und wie ein Anreiz zum Perspektivenwechsel ermöglicht wird. Dieser Schritt zur Empathie-Stufe ermöglicht die folgenden Errungenschaften: Empathie ermöglichendes Sprechen über sich selbst und seine Gefühle und empathisches Interesse, empathisches Fragen, empathisches Zuhören, Perspektivenwechsel und Einfühlen. Dieser Entwicklungsprozess beschreibt somit mehr als ein metakognitives Training. Der angestrebte reife Selbstmodus kann als eine Weiterentwicklung der bisher bekannten mentalisierungsbasierten Therapiekonzepte aufgefasst werden. So können die Voraussetzungen hergestellt werden, ein glücklicheres und gesünderes Leben zu führen mit der optimierten Fähigkeit, Beziehungen langfristig zu gestalten und zu pflegen.
Wie evident ist Evidenzbasierung?
Authors: Kriz Jürgen
Published: October 2023

Das Konzept einer »Evidenzbasierten Medizin« (EbM) ist eigentlich ein sehr guter Vorschlag, angesichts der Fülle an Forschungsliteratur – auch im Bereich der Psychotherapie – hinreichend den Überblick zu behalten und so besser Entscheidungen zum Nutzen der Patienten treffen zu können. Gezeigt wird, dass dieses gute Konzept inzwischen überwiegend missbräuchlich eingesetzt wird. Statt die Breite an relevanten Informationen zu einer Fragestellung zu berücksichtigen, wurde EbM in Deutschland wesentlich zu einem Instrument zur Selektion und Maßregelung umfunktioniert. Nur noch solche Studien, welche der Logik von Pharma-Prüfungen folgen – RCTs –, werden berücksichtigt, obwohl dieser Ansatz für einen breiten Bereich von Psychotherapie inadäquat ist. Zudem werden dann diese Ergebnisse mittels »Effektstärken« mit den Methoden der Metaanalyse zusammengefasst – obwohl »Effektstärke« nicht (nur) den Behandlungserfolg misst.
Der wissenschaftliche Zugang der Hermeneutik zur Psychotherapie
Authors: Hannich Hans-Joachim
Published: October 2023

Ausgangspunkt einer psychotherapeutischen Behandlung ist der Wunsch eines Patienten bzw. einer Patientin nach Linderung seelischen Leidens. Hierzu nimmt er die Expertise einer Psychotherapeutin oder eines Psychotherapeuten in Anspruch. Ebenso wie für den Patienten bzw. die Patientin steht für die behandelnde Person das Bemühen um Heilung im Zentrum des professionellen Geschehens. Die helfende Handlung findet unter konstitutiven Strukturmerkmalen statt, deren Zusammenwirken eine hohe Störund Fehleranfälligkeit der therapeutischen Situation bedingt. Als Folge sind der therapeutische Prozess und sein Ergebnis grundsätzlich unwägbar. Der von der Psychotherapiewissenschaft favorisierte Ansatz zur Verringerung der Ambiguität psychotherapeutischen Handelns ist der empirisch-analytische Zugang. Er fokussiert auf die Entwicklung evidenzbasierter störungsspezifischer Therapiemanuale. Eine Alternative dazu stellt der hermeneutische Wissenschaftszugang dar. An die Stelle von Standardisierung des therapeutischen Vorgehens bemüht er sich um die Erfassung und das Verstehen der individuellen Wirklichkeit des anderen im Behandlungsprozess. Der hermeneutische Erkenntnisweg beinhaltet als wissenschaftliche Grundeinstellung eine permanente Suchhaltung, die hohe Ansprüche an die »innere Arbeit« des Therapeuten bzw. der Therapeutin stellt. Deren Umsetzung im therapeutischen Prozess wird dargestellt.
Von der Psychotherapiewissenschaft zur Kunst der Psychotherapie
Authors: Sulz Serge K. D.
Published: October 2023

Ausgehend von der gegenwärtigen Diskussion zum Berufsbild der Psychologischen PsychotherapeutInnen (Sachse, Fasbender & Hammelstein, 2014; Amrhein, 2014; Fliegel, 2014; Strauß & Nodop, 2014; Sulz, 2014a-d) wird der Unterschied zwischen Psychotherapie und Wissenschaft herausgearbeitet. Dabei wird eine Wissenschaftsdiskussion unvermeidlich, in der der dominierende Stellenwert der RCT-Forschung hinterfragt wird (Henry, 1998; Kriz, 1996, 2000, 2007, 2010, 2014; Revenstorf, 2005, 2014; Sulz, 2014d). Die Notwendigkeit der Öffnung für andere Forschungsparadigmen und Forschungsmethoden wird aufgezeigt (wie Feldstudien, qualitative Forschung, Hermeneutik). Das führt dazu, dass der bestmögliche Ort der Psychotherapieausbildung nicht in der Universitätspsychologie zu finden ist, sondern dort, wo Psychotherapie gemacht wird und es LehrerInnen (DozentInnen und SupervisorInnen) gibt, die erfahrene PsychotherapeutInnen sind (Sulz, 2014b,c; Sulz, Richter-Benedikt & Hebing, 2014; Sulz & Backmund-Abedinpour, 2014; Sulz & Hoenes, 2014). Einem mit 18 Jahren beginnenden Universitätsstudium werden keine Chancen eingeräumt, den notwendigen Rahmen für die Entwicklung einer ausreichend gereiften Therapeutenpersönlichkeit mit den erforderlichen Kompetenzen zu bieten (Sulz & Sichort-Hebing, 2014). Dabei kommt Selbsterfahrung und Supervision ein sehr großer Stellenwert zu (Hill, 2013).
Teaching video conference etiquette to students of non-linguistic majors studying Spanish as a second foreign language as a part of socio-cultural competence formation in the field of digital intercultural communication
Authors: Romanova Maria Valeryevna , Bagirova Svetlana Abuzarovna
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study is to substantiate the need to train students of non-linguistic majors in etiquette norms and rules of communication in the video conference format for socio-cultural competence formation in the field of digital intercultural interaction. The paper describes the socio-cultural features of the etiquette adopted in the Spanish-speaking world for effective digital communication in the video conferencing format, which lay a substantial foundation for teaching the culture of speech communication in Spanish during video conferences to future specialists in the field of information security. The paper describes the results of a pedagogical experiment on the assessment of knowledge and skills among 3rd-year students of the training programme 10.03.01 Information Security in the field of video conference etiquette in Spanish. The scientific novelty lies in identifying the etiquette norms and rules of communication in the video conference format, which are the components of the content of teaching Spanish as a second foreign language to students of non-linguistic majors. As a result of the study, the socio-cultural factors mediating effective communication with a representative of Spanish linguoculture in the conditions of videoconferencing and determining the specifics of socio-cultural competence formation among students studying Spanish in the field of digital intercultural interaction have been identified; the authors’ system of exercises and diagnostic game have been developed to assess the level of knowledge and skills of students in the field of the video conferencing etiquette peculiar to the Spanish culture of communication.
Variability of the means of negation expression (based on the material of German adjectives)
Authors: Belyaev Andrej Nikolaevich
Published: October 2023

The expression of the category of negation in the system of the German adjective has not yet received a sufficiently complete description, although many researchers have repeatedly addressed this issue. One of the unsolved problems remains the problem of the speaker’s choice of a linguistic means of negation. The aim of the study is to identify the reasons for the variation of the means of negation in the class of German adjectives. The subject of consideration is represented by the ways that the negative meaning of adjectives is expressed. The main provisions concerning the essence and specifics of how the stems of adjectives are combined with negative affixes are touched upon. The variety of negative characteristics is seen as a peculiarity of the adjective from the perspective of the expression of a negative property or the absence of something. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the variability of the means of negative expression by adjectives is considered as an object of a synchronous structural analysis of linguistic units and is investigated taking into account the following linguistic levels: word-formation, structural-typological, syntactic and semantic. As a result of the study, it has been found that, in general, only a small number of factors are crucial when choosing a certain negation variant. In most cases, the prefix ‘un-’ is used to negate adjectives, regardless of the factors considered.
An Expected Average Run Length (EARL) Performance Comparison of the SSGR and EWMA Control Charts
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, You H. W. , Chong Z.L. ,   Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Teoh W. L. ,   Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Khoo M.B.C. ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Yeong W.C. ,   Sunway University
Published: October 2023

The acceleration use of control charts in industrial processes has led to the effectiveness in their evaluation by quality practitioners. This is crucial, as it influences their decisions on the choice of which control charts to employ. This study aims to explore and compare the performance of the side sensitive group runs (SSGR) and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts. In general, the average run length (ARL) characteristics were used to evaluate the performance of these control charts. The ARL, which considers the exact shift size in the process, is restricted in the case when the practitioner cannot identify the process shift size (unknown shift size). In this situation, the expected average run length (EARL) is an alternative performance criterion. Upon comparison of the findings obtained, the EWMA chart has superior performance when (δmin, δmax) = (0.1, 0.4). In contrast, the SSGR chart overtakes the EWMA chart when (δmin, δmax) = (0.5, 0.8) and (δmin, δmax) = (0.9, 1.2), except when the sample size n = 3 for (δmin, δmax) = (0.5, 0.8). For this particular combination, the EWMA chart performs slightly better than the SSGR chart. The outcome of this study is expected to contribute to practitioners in identifying suitable control charts in process monitoring and implementation.
Investigating The Surface Characteristics of Dip Coated 3D Printed ABS Specimens
Authors:   VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Satyanarayana Poornaganti , Narayan Yeole Shivraj ,   VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Prakash Kode Jaya ,   VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Cherukuri Jyotsna ,   VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, D. Maneiah ,   CMR Technical Campus
Published: October 2023

In the past few years, FDM basedpolymer 3D printing process has flourished mainly with ABS filaments as a thermoplastic source. Food packing, medical, marine and agriculture industries employdevices and other usable items made of polymers. Utilizing layered fabrication components in these areascompelthem to have self-cleansing, anti-freezing and corrosion resistant surfaces. It is generally complex and expensive to prepare hydrophobic coatings.The present work is related to the development of a surface coating on 3D printed ABS specimens with the mentioned properties. 3D printed specimens were fabricated using Flash Forge 3D printer without any modifications, and the hydrophobic coatings were achieved by dip coating process using Tricalcium phosphate-chitin solutions with a ratio of 70:30. Static contact angle measurement was employedin gaging wettability impact on dip coated 3D printed specimens. By using digital vernier calipers and profilometer (SJ410), dimensional accuracy and surface roughness were assessed pre and post-coating. According to ASTM D570-98, water absorption tests were conducted at different time intervals. Results of the experiment showed that the hydrophobic solutions had been successfully synthesized. The maximum contact angle was achieved for solution 1(4g of tricalcium phosphate solution with 0.3g chitin solution) i.e., 109.3°. Improvement in the textureof 3D printed ABS surfaceswas observed after dip coating. Dip-coated 3D printed ABS specimens exhibited minimal absorption based on their weight gain per area.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Morphing Trailing Edge Wings in The Application of MAV
Authors:   GITAM Deemed to Be University, Kumar S Kishore , Pendyala Srinivas ,   GITAM Deemed to Be University
Published: October 2023

In the past few years, FDM basedpolymer3D printing process has flourished mainly with ABS filaments as a thermoplastic source. Food packing, medical, marine and agriculture industries employdevices and other usable items made of polymers. Utilizing layered fabrication components in these areascompelthem to have self-cleansing, anti-freezing and corrosion resistant surfaces. It is generally complex and expensive to prepare hydrophobic coatings. The present work is related to the development of a surface coating on 3D printed ABS specimens with the mentioned properties. 3D printed specimens were fabricated using Flash Forge 3D printer without any modifications, and the hydrophobic coatings were achieved by dip coating process using Tricalcium phosphate-chitin solutions with a ratio of 70:30. Static contact angle measurement was employedin gaging wettability impact on dip coated 3D printed specimens. By using digital vernier calipers and profilometer (SJ410), dimensional accuracy and surface roughness were assessed pre and post-coating. According to ASTM D570-98, water absorption tests were conducted at different time intervals. Results of the experiment showed that the hydrophobic solutions had been successfully synthesized. The maximum contact angle was achieved for solution 1(4g of tricalcium phosphate solution with 0.3g chitin solution) i.e., 109.3°. Improvement in the textureof 3D printed ABS surfaceswasobserved after dip coating. Dip-coated 3D printed ABS specimens exhibited minimal absorption based on their weight gain per area.
Parametric Study for Runner Modifications of Die Casted Part with Venting Systems
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Ibrahim M.D. , Jendia J. ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kashiwabara Y. ,   Tokai University, Sunami Y. ,   Tokai University
Published: October 2023

High-pressure die casting (HPDC) is a process used for creating complex components by injecting the molten metal inside the cavity at high pressure. Failure in die casting may reduce product mechanical properties, surface quality, and life cycle. In this paper, the die-casting process of an inspection instrument – test piece is investigated for parametric study and Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Parameters used in the die-casting process are important since it affects the molten flow quality inside the cavity. Thus, a parametric study is done to investigate the optimum parameter use in the die-casting process of the test piece. Runner gating system design is also one of the important criteria to maintain the quality of products. This paper also investigated the effect of runner gating system design optimization in reducing gas porosity. The CT scan of the sample mold is included to compare the relationships between gas porosity occurrence with CFD results. This paper proposed a new runner design named outward curvature runner with an air vent that can improve velocity and temperature distributions in reducing die-casting defects. In addition to that, air vents are installed to extend the volume and promote higher suction, to eliminate gas bubbles entrapment inside the cavity.
Influence of Rolling and Ageing On Mechanical Properties of AA2195 Based Metal Matrix Composites
Authors:   Andhra University, Rao. M Srinivasa , Padal K. T. Balaram ,   Andhra University
Published: October 2023

The modern Aluminium based composites have a great demand in the field of aerospace applications due to their lightweight, high strength, high stiffness, and superior mechanical properties. The main objective is to fabricate the AA2195 composites through Medium Frequency Induction Furnace (MFIF) with Taguchi L16 design of experiments, hot rolling process and heat treatment of composites is done and then compare the mechanical properties of hot rolled and heat treated AA2195 composite with casted composite. It is analyzed the effects of reinforcements like graphite and boron carbide on the mechanical behaviors and microstructure of both AA2195 composites. The microstructures revealed that reinforcements were distributed uniformly throughout the composites. It observed that the elemental investigation on SEM and XRD for both the composites showed that formed intermetallic compounds (IMCs) helped refine the microstructure and further increased the mechanical properties. The hot rolled and heat-treated AA2195 composite fabricated at 8% B4C and 6% Gr exhibits the more enhanced ultimate tensile strength, hardness, and reduction in density, % elongation compared to the casted composite. The rolling process is used to reduce the porosity of the composite. In contrast, heat treatment enhances the composite's mechanical properties like strength and hardness.
Analysis of Fractures and Microstructures on Different Injection Speeds in High-Pressure Die-Casting Magnesium Alloy
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Ibrahim M. D. , Jendia J. ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kashiwabara Y. ,   Tokai University, Roslan L. B. ,   Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Watanabe H. ,   Kyokuto Die-Casting Co., Sunami Y. ,   Tokai University
Published: October 2023

In this study, to clarify the unknown physical properties of the Mg-Al-Th-RE alloy, the relationship between the injection conditions and the internal porosities, and the mechanical properties exerted by the solidification microstructure was investigated. The obtained cast samples were investigated using X-ray CT internal measurements, tensile tests, Vickers hardness tests, and solidification microstructure observations. The tensile strength and the elongation at the injection speed of 5.0 m/s were higher than at 2.0 m/s. The number of porosities affected the tensile strength and the elongation even at the same fracture position. In addition, it was confirmed that segregation affected the destruction smaller the porosity size and the greater the variability of porosity. As the injection speed increased, the amount of heat transferred between the molten metal and the wall surface also increased, resulting in quick freezing and solidification. The tensile strength increased at the injection speed of 5.0 m/s because the interface between the scattered primary crystals and eutectic systems was narrow. On the other hand, at the injection speed of 2.0 m/s, the tensile strength decreased because the molten metal was delayed in solidification and dendrite growth became remarkable.