bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capacity assessment for provision of quality sexual reproductive health and HIV-integrated services in Karamoja, Uganda
Authors: Marotta Claudia , Lochoro Peter , Pizzol Damiano , Putoto Giovanni , Mazzucco Walter , Saracino Annalisa , Monno Laura , Di Gennaro Francesco , Ictho Jerry
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are crucial global health issues. Uganda continues to sustain a huge burden of HIV and AIDS.

Methods: A cross-sectional health facility-based assessment was performed in November and December 2016 in Karamoja Region, northern Uganda. All the 126 health facilities (HFs) in Karamoja, including 5 hospitals and 121 Health Centers (HCs), covering 51 sub-counties of the 7 districts were assessed. We assessed the capacity of a) leadership and governance, b) human resource, c) service delivery, d) SRH and HIV service integration and e) users satisfaction and perceptions.

Results: 64% of the established health staffing positions were filled leaving an absolute gap of 704 units in terms of human resources. As for service delivery capacity, on 5 domains assessed, the best performing was basic hygiene and safety measures in which 33% HCs scored “excellent”, followed by the presence of basic equipment. The level of integration of SRH/HIV services was 55.56%.

Conclusion: HFs in Karamoja have capacity gaps in a number of health system building blocks. Many of these gaps can be addressed through improved planning. To invest in improvements for these services would have a great gain for Uganda.

Keywords: Quality Sexual Reproductive Health; HIV-Integrated Services; Karamoja, Uganda.
Outcomes after spinal stenosis surgery by type of surgery in adults aged 60 years and older
Authors: Degen Thomas , Fischer Karina , Theiler Robert , Schären Stefan , Meyer Otto W. , Wanner Guido , Chocano-Bedoya Patricia , Simmen Hans-Peter , Schmid Urs D. , Steurer Johann , Stähelin Hannes B. , Mantegazza Noemi , Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A.
Published: October 2020

AIMS OF THE STUDY
Mobility disability due to spinal stenosis is common in the senior population and often surgery is warranted for patients with severe symptoms and neurological dysfunction. However, although current clinical guidelines recommend stabilisation surgery in addition to decompression in patients with spinal stenosis and instability due to degenerative spondylolisthesis, the relationship between outcomes and the specific type of surgery have not been well studied. We therefore assessed the postoperative recovery timeline for 12 months and compared patient-reported outcomes dependent on the extent of decompression and additional stabilisation among seniors undergoing spinal stenosis surgery.

METHODS
We investigated 457 patients (mean age 76.0 ± 10.7 years, 58% women) from a consecutive cohort prior to spinal stenosis surgery. Follow-up was at 3 or 6months and at 12 months postoperatively. At each visit, pain, neurological dysfunction and disability were assessed using the North American Spine Society questionnaire. Repeated-measures analysis compared outcomes by type of surgery adjusting for baseline symptoms, gender, age, number of comorbidities, centre and year of surgery.

RESULTS
Most improvement occurred within the first 3 to 6 months with little or no further improvement at 12 months. Over 12 months and in adjusted models, patients receiving one-segment versus multi-segment decompression experienced significantly greater reduction of pain (−49.2% vs −41.9%, p = 0.013) and neurological dysfunction (−37.1% vs −25.9%, p <0.0001), but only borderline greater reduction of disability (−32.7% vs −28.2%, p = 0.051). Moreover, reduction in pain and neurological function did not differ with or without additional stabilisation and extend of decompression. However, patients who received one-segment (−28.9%) or multi-segment (−28.3%) stabilisation experienced significantly less reduction in disability after surgery compared with those who were not stabilised (−34.1%, p <0.043).

CONCLUSIONS
Among senior patients undergoing spinal stenosis surgery, recovery was largely complete by 3 to 6 months after surgery and differed little by type of surgery independently of symptoms prior to surgery and other covariates. However we could document a trend toward more improvement in particularly neurological dysfunction and disability with less invasive surgery.
Use of the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator – the Swiss experience
Authors: Kovacs Boldizsar , Reek Sven , Sticherling Christian , Schaer Beat , Linka André , Ammann Peter , Brenner Roman , Krasniqi Nazmi , Müller Andreas S , Dzemali Omer , Kobza Richard , Grebmer Christian , Haegeli Laurent , Berg Jan , Mayer Kurt , Schläpfer Jürg , Domenichini Giulia , Reichlin Tobias , Roten Laurent , Burri Haran , Eriksson Urs , Saguner Ardan M. , Steffel Jan , Duru Firat , Swiss Medical Weekly
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION
Sudden cardiac death caused by malignant arrhythmia can be prevented by the use of defibrillators. Although the wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) can prevent such an event, its role in clinical practice is ill defined. We investigated the use of the WCD in Switzerland with emphasis on prescription rate, therapy adherence and treatment rate.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The Swiss WCD Registry is a retrospective observational registry including patients using a WCD. Patients were included from the first WCD use in Switzerland until February 2018. Baseline characteristics and data on WCD usage were examined for the total study population, and separately for each hospital.

RESULTS
From 1 December 2011 to 18 February 2018, a total of 456 patients (67.1% of all WCDs prescribed in Switzerland and 81.1% of all prescribed in the participating hospitals) were included in the registry. Up to 2017 there was a yearly increase in the number of prescribed WCDs to a maximum of 271 prescriptions per year. The mean age of patients was 57 years (± 14), 81 (17.8%) were female and mean left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was 32% (± 13). The most common indications for WCD use were new-onset ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) with EF ≤35% (206 patients, 45.2%), new-onset nonischaemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) with EF ≤35% (115 patients, 25.2%), unknown arrhythmic risk (83 patients, 18.2%), bridging to implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation or heart transplant (37 patients, 8.1%) and congenital/inherited heart disease (15 patients, 3.3%). Median wear duration was 58 days (interquartile range [IQR] 31–94) with a median average daily wear time of 22.6 hours (IQR 20–23.2). Seventeen appropriate therapies from the WCD were delivered in the whole population (treatment rate: 3.7%) to a total of 12 patients (2.6% of all patients). The most common underlying heart disease in patients with a treatment was ICM (13/17, 76.5%). There were no inappropriate treatments.

CONCLUSION
The use of WCDs has increased in Switzerland over the years for a variety of indications. There is high therapy adherence to the WCD, and a treatment rate comparable to previously published registry data.
Analysis of export market structure for Acacia wooden furniture in Vietnam
Authors: Cao Tran Thanh , Nha Huynh Thanh
Published: October 2020

The paper aims to identify the structure of export market for Acacia wooden furniture products, simultaneously determine the fundamentals forming the market structure and propose marketing solutions for market development. The inequality index (GINI) and concentration ratio (CR) were used to analyze market structure. GINI coefficients calculated over transaction value of sellers and buyers were 0.63 and 0.60 while the concentration ratios (CR5) were respectively 33.18% and 39.24%. The results reflected the market's situation as monopolistic competition with high concentration level from both sellers and buyers. Large population of sellers and buyers filled the market. However, economic efficiency in terms of scale was a primary barrier creating restriction when entering the market. Market development solutions include: improve capacity on design; develop standards and brands for wood materials and products; certification of goods according to international standards and regulations; restriction towards export of low-pricing products; sustain existing markets and exploit new markets; support enterprises to implement the B2C trading model by Vietnamese Furniture associations; establish a specialized center of information and exhibitions for Vietnam's wooden furniture.
Factors affecting the quality of manufacturer – distributor relationship in the plastic industry in Vietnam
Authors: Phong Ho Thanh , Khoat Tran Van
Published: October 2020

This study explores and examines the factors that affect the composition of the quality relationship between manufacturers and distributors in the context of plastic industry in Vietnam. Qualitative research on single and group discussions with 23 manufacturers and distributors in the plastics industry. Quantitative research directly interviews 560 plastic product distributors in Ho Chi Minh City area and Southern provinces. The results of the study determine the composition of the relationship quality including three factors of trust, commitment and satisfaction; Six factors of product quality, delivery quality, market information, communication, personal interaction and visits affect the quality of the relationship between manufacturer and distributor.
Factors affecting satisfaction and reuse intention of customers using online motorbike service
Authors: Loan Nguyen Thuy Quynh , Hung Ngo Quang
Published: October 2020

The paper's objective was to identify and measure factors impacting on satisfaction and reuse intention of customers using online motorbike service. The research model proposed five factors affecting customer satisfaction such as perceived service quality, perceived value, transaction convenience, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness as well as two factors affecting reuse intention such as satisfaction and habit. The study analyzed data of 269 suitable questionnaires collected from customers aged 18 and older who have used the online motorbike service in HCM city. The results indicated that all the five factors affected customers’ satisfaction and that reuse intention was impacted by satisfaction and habit. The research also proposed managerial implications for enhancing online motorbike service quality.
The relationship between online trust, customer engagement and EWOM
Authors: Thanh Nguyen Ngoc Dan , Binh Nguyen Thuy
Published: October 2020

This study aims to investigate the influence of e-quality and online trust on customer engagement and e-word of mouth. In particular, this study explored and analyzed a relatively new relationship, the impact of customer engagement on e-word of mouth. The measurement model and conceptual model describing the relationships hypothesized in the study was evaluated, based on responses from 370 online purchasing customers who are students or office workers in Ho Chi Minh City. E-quality has a direct impact on online trust, which impacts online customer engagement of customers and e-word of mouth. Online trust has a direct effect on customer engagement and e-word-of-mouth. In particular, online engagement impacts on e-word of mouth. This study provides not only theoretical and practical meaning, and enables companies to realize the importance of customer engagement and e-word of mouth but also a number of solutions to help businesses build and increase their customer engagement and positive e-word of mouth.
Corporate governance and firm performance: Evidence from Vietnamese listed companies
Authors: Bich Pham Thi Ngoc , Uyen Nguyen Dinh Hoang
Published: October 2020

The research aims to provide empirical evidence on the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance in Vietnam – a developing economy in Asia. It focuses on the corporate governance of Vietnamese listed companies with a data-set of the five-year period from 2011 to 2015. Vietnamese listed companies are governed and controlled by two boards, Board of Directors and Supervisory Board. The research investigates the impacts of directors’ and supervisors’ characteristics and ownership structure on firm performance. The outcomes reveal that most governance mechanisms employed by Vietnamese listed companies were not effective and had no effect on the companies’ performance, except for managerial ownership and Supervisory Board size. Specifically, management ownership and firm performance were negatively correlated. Additional analyses show a positive relationship between the number of supervisors and firm performance, which was measured by market-based measurement.
Forensic Entomology: an inventory of Arthropods collected on the decomposing pig Carrions during the dry season in Warri, Southern Nigeria
Authors: P.E Odo , B.N Iloba
Published: October 2020

Arthropods found on the pig carrions in the dry season in the Warri city at
05°32’34.95"N and 05°44’39.834"E from 10th December 2017 to 10th February 2018
studied. Three pigs were killed and their decomposition monitored for 60 days,
arthropods were collected with the aid of sweep nets, brushes, handpicking and pitfall
traps while the soil below the decaying pig carrions were searched extensively twice
daily for the first week and once daily for the remaining weeks. Data analysis was
done by Microsoft excel while graphs were used to demonstrate the frequencies of the
arthropods in every phase of decomposition, pie chart was used to elucidate stages of
putrefaction and their respective periods. The outcome of the study showed five
exclusive stages of decay: fresh, bloated, active decay, advance decay and dry decay
correspondingly. The fresh stage took shortest days of 2 as the dry decay took longest
days of 41. A total of 1495 arthropods were collected, at the fresh stage, there were
244 arthropods, while 213 were Diptera, only 19 were Hymenoptera and 12 were also
Coleoptera but at the bloated stage of decomposition, a total of 273 arthropods were
recorded, Diptera were 223 as hymenoptera were 21 and Coleoptera were 29 while at
the active decay stage of decomposition there were a total of 437 arthropods, 333 of
them were Diptera, 29 were Hymenoptera as 75 were Coleoptera but at the advance
decay stage of decomposition, there were a total of 438 arthropods, 225 of them were
Diptera, 30 were Hymenoptera as 91 were Coleoptera but at the dry decay stage of
decomposition, only 195 arthropods were recorded, 96 of them were Diptera, 21 were
Hymenoptera and 78 were Coleoptera in that order, for the reason that the Coleoptera
and Diptera used the decaying pig carrions for breeding of their offspring, they could
be used in the estimation of the time after death hence are of immense forensic
importance while the role of the recorded Hymenoptera could also be of great
importance as the tears and wears that they created on the carrions could be cause of
error in the estimation of the time of death and their predatory role could also give a
fake entomofauna documentation data, more researches of this nature are to be carried
out in Warri city and other neighboring communities in order to document reliable
database of arthropod of forensic importance in the oil rich city.
Effect of Antibacterial Agents on the Microbial Flora of Some Fruits and Vegetables.
Authors: Nnenna Omorodion , Gift Oriji
Published: October 2020

Six samples of fruits (apple, banana, mango, orange, pineapple and watermelon) and
six samples of vegetables (cabbage, carrot, cucumber, lettuce, potato and tomato) were
purchased from wokem market in Choba town PH, Rivers State and microbiological
analysis were carried out these fruits and vegetables samples and the effects of the
antimicrobial agents (Ethanol and Hydrogen peroxide) on the microbial load. The
Total viable count, Total coliform count and Escherichia count were determined via
standard microbiological methods. The Total viable count ranged from 4.1x10106
to
1.0x107
cfu/g Total coliform count from 4.5x107 to 1.5x106 cfu/g nd the E.coli count
ranged from 5.1x102
to 1.0x102
cfu/g. The Total viable count for apple ranged
between to 5.1 x107 to 2.07x109
, Cabbage 1.45x109
to 4.9x107
, banana 1.10x109
to
5.9x107
, cucumber 1.82x108
to 6.0x107. The microorganisms isolated were Escherichia
coli 42%, Staphylococcus aureus 30%, Pseudomonas spp 18%, Bacillus spp,6% and
Serratia spp, 2%. Hydrogen perioxide had a high pathogen reduction rate than
ethanol.The isolation of E coli and other pathogenic microorganisms indicates the
presences of faecal contamination and the poor hygienic production, storage and
transport system. Fruits and vegetables should be properly handled from their seeds
planted in the farm to the matured ones sold in the market
Título en español.
Authors: Ismael Carlo  , C. L. Arcelay
Published: October 2020

Se estudió el comportamiento de los cerdos de la línea 3/4 Duroc X 1/4 English Large Black Landrace en comparación con algunos cerdos importados. Los cerdos importados eran de las razas Duroc, Yorkshire y Hampshire. La comparación se basó en los caracteres de producción antes y después del destete. En el primer caso se consideró el número de cerditos nacidos por lechigada, el número a los 21 días y al destete. Las características que se consideraron después del destete fueron: La tasa de ganancia, la eficiencia en la conversión de alimento a carne, la medida de grasa en la espalda de los cerdos corregida para un peso de 200 libras, y la evaluación de las canales de los cerdos castrados que se sacrificaron. Todos los datos obtenidos se analizaron estadísticamente mediante un análisis de varianza. Cuando los valores F fueron significativos, se aplicó la prueba de Duncan para determinar las diferencias significativas entre los promedios. La evaluación de todos estos datos demostró que los cerdos de la línea 3/4 Duroc X 1/4 English Large Black Landrace comparan favorablemente con los cerdos de las razas importadas con la posible excepción de las canales, en que los cerdos de las razas importadas fueron superiores. Los cerdos de la línea desarrollada por la Estación se distinguieron especialmente en cuanto al número de cerdos destetados por la lechigada, peso de la misma y tasa de ganancia diaria.
Título en español.
Authors: Alex G. Alexander
Published: October 2020

Mediante las técnicas de solubilidad diferencial, filtración de gel y la electrofóresis de papel se ha obtenido un buen grado de purificación de la invertasa de la caña de azúcar. La invertasa puede separarse rápidamente con sales de sulfato amónico a una saturación de un 38 a un 52 por ciento. La actividad desaparece casi totalmente durante la diálisis can agua destilada, pero se restablece pasándola a través de columnas de gel Sephadex G-200. Se atribuye la reactivación a la remoción de inhibidores desconocidos. No fue posible separar bien la invertasa de otras proteínas mediante la filtración. Las pruebas de electrofóresis demostraron que las invertasas son bastante móviles comparadas con las proteínas contaminadoras, y se mueven con rapidez hacia los electrodos positivo y negativo. Se obtuvieron dos distintas áreas de invertasa libres de proteína contaminadora, una de las cuales se comprobó tener una carga positiva y otra una carga negativa. Los procesos de filtración y electrofóresis, ya descritos, permitieron una buena purificación de las enzimas, sin que fuera necesario usar glucosa o manganeso, evitando así la aparición de la invertasa reconstituida.
Título en español.
Authors: Apolinar Sánchez
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo presenta una clave, sinonimias y descripciones detalladas de las cinco especies y cuatro formas aceptadas por el autor, de las secciones Apostemium y Microstemium del género Vibrissea (Hongos, Discomycetos Inoperculados).
Milk Production with All-Grass Rations from Steep, Intensively Managed Tropical Pastures
Authors: Caro Costas Rubén , Vicente-Chandler José
Published: October 2020

Eight cows in Puerto Rico produced an average of 6,064 pounds of milk (25.2 pounds or 11.5 liters daily) over an 8-month lactation period on an all-grass ration from steep pastures of tropical grasses. Butterfat content of the milk averaged 3.8 percent, about average for Holsteins. All cows maintained normal body weights throughout the lactation. A 120-acre farm with all cows fed exclusively on well-fertilized and managed pastures could yield a profit of about $170 per acre yearly. The data suggest that the use of concentrate feeds, now almost universally fed at the rate of 1 pound per liter of milk, can be sharply reduced by using well fertilized pastures. On good pastures little or no concentrate feed should be required for the first 10 liters or so of milk produced.
Título en español.
Authors: L. C. Liu  , H. R. Cibes-Viadé
Published: October 2020

En 1967 se hizo un estudio para determinar la capacidad de filtración de los yerbicidas Atrazine, Ametryne y Prometryne en los suelos Aguadilla, Fraternidad, Mabí y Toa. El Atrazine, el Ametryne y el Prometryne se aplicaron a razón de 0, 4 y 20 libras por acre a columnas de tierra y luego fueron lixiviados con 1, 2, 4 y 8 pulgadas de lluvia simulada. Entre las triazinas, el Atrazine demostró la mayor capacidad para penetrar el suelo y el Prometryne la menor. La movilidad del Ametryne fue un poco mayor que la del Prometryne. La tendencia del Atrazine a lixiviarse aumentó no sólo con los niveles de los yerbicidas, sino que también con el aumento de la cantidad de lluvia simulada. El movimiento o capacidad penetrativa en el suelo, tanto del Ametryne como del Prometryne, no fue la función particular de ninguno de los dos factores, a saber, el nivel de las aplicaciones y la cantidad de agua. La lixiviación de estos yerbicidas fue más marcada en el suelo Aguadilla y menos en el Mabí.
Título en español.
Authors: Héctor M. Lugo  , Juan Colom  , Rafael Pietri
Published: October 2020

Se identificaron los minerales caolín e ilita en la fracción arcilla del suelo Alonso. La concentración relativa del caolín sobre la ilita, en la fracción de 2 a 0.2 µ fue siempre mayor de 2:1 a través de todo el perfil. En la fracción fina (< 0.2 µ), la razón de caolín a ilita fue alrededor de 1:1 para los primeros 3 pies de profundidad, predominando la ilita en las profundidades más bajas. El contenido total de potasio en la fracción menor de 0.2 µ correspondió bien con el patrón de variación en el contenido de ilita. Se identificó la ilita como la única fuente mineral del potasio nativo en el suelo Alonso.
Título en español.
Authors: Manuel Soldevila  , Ismael Carlo  , Ramón F. Pérez
Published: October 2020

En varios estudios conducidos durante los períodos inicial y de engorde con aves asaderas, y durante los períodos inicial y de crecimiento con aves de líneas ponedoras, niveles tan altos como 20 por ciento de miel de caña en dietas prácticas fueron utilizados satisfactoriamente por las aves. Se discutieron las variaciones observadas en los diferentes estudios. En este estudio se usó aserrín como camada, asignándose un área promedio de 0.19 m. 2 por ave, o sea, el doble de lo que generalmente se recomienda para condiciones (0.09 m. 2) comerciales. En esas condiciones, el nivel de un 20 por ciento de miel en la dieta causó una camada compacta y el de un 15 por ciento una semi-compacta. Estos resultados indican que de usarse una densidad poblacional equivalente a la que se acostumbra comericalmente, los niveles de un 15 y un 10 por ciento de miel en la dieta hubiesen causado una camada compacta. Es necesario determinar cual es el nivel máximo económico de miel en la dieta que no causa una camada compacta antes de poder hacer recomendaciones definitivas sobre el particular en el caso de las dietas de las aves para asar. Se evaluaron los datos en cuanto al costo del alimento y su relación con la eficiencia de su utilización. Se discutió la inconsistencia de ciertos datos obtenidos en experimentos previos y se describió una nueva técnica para la incorporación homogénea de la miel.
Título en español.
Authors: D. K. Barnes
Published: October 2020

Se observó que la T. vogelii es una especie que es primordialmente autopolinizable, aunque no obstante, requiere que un insecto se pose y holle las flores para que tenga lugar la polinización. Se informó que el cigarrón, X. brasilianorum, es el principal insecto polinizador de la T. vogelii en Puerto Rico. Se desarrollaron y describieron gráficamente los procedimientos para la emasculación y polinización cruzada y regulada en la T. vogelii.
EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF POMACEA AUSTRALIS (d'Orbiguy), REFRACTIVE FOR FASCIOLA HEPATICA (L.), RECEPTIVE TO ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS (Chen)
Authors: De León-Dancel Delfin
Published: October 2020

EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF POMACEA AUSTRALIS (d'Orbiguy), REFRACTIVE FOR FASCIOLA HEPATICA (L.), RECEPTIVE TO ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS (Chen)
Título en español.
Authors: Edgardo Prieto  , Paul F. Randel
Published: October 2020

Se usaron 16 vacas Holstein y Suiza Parda en las postrimerías de su lactancia, para comparar la digestibilidad de una ración completa, compuesta de un 15 por ciento de bagazo triturado de caña de azúcar y un 85 por ciento de concentrados, con la de una ración testigo, preparada a base de ensilaje de caña de azúcar entera y un concentrado corriente. El consumo diario de materia seca en la ración completa, en el ensilaje, y en el alimento concentrado corriente promedió 11.31, 2.18 y 6.26 kg., respectivamente. Se usó el óxido crómico como indicador de digestibilidad, esperándose 7 días para recoger las boñigas (muestras fecales). Se determinaron los coeficientes de digestibilidad aparente para la ración completa y la testigo, siendo los promedios respectivos los siguientes: materia orgánica, 74.3 y 69.6; proteína bruta, 71.3 y 55.1; materia seca, 71.9 y 68.3; extracto libre de nitrógeno, 80.7 y 76.6; extracto etéreo, 70.0 y 67.3; fibra bruta, 36.6 y 47.7; y los totales de nutrimentos digeribles, 72.2 y 69.2. Las diferencias entre los promedios de las dos raciones fueron altamente significativas (P < .01) para los dos primeros componentes, significativas (P < .05) para los dos componentes siguientes, pero no significativas para los tres últimos componentes citados. Con los datos obtenidos de la ración testigo, bajo la cual las vacas individuales consumieron proporciones variables del ensilaje en relación con las del concentrado, se obtuvieron coeficientes de regresión lineal altamente significativos (P < .01) para el TND y significativos (P < .05) para la proteína bruta, al usarse la digestibilidad como una variable dependiente y la proporción de la materia seca procedente del forraje en relación con la materia seca total consumida, como variable independiente. Al hacerse un ajuste a base de un 15 por ciento de materia seca procedente del forraje en relación con la materia seca total consumida, la digestibilidad de la proteína bruta promedió 69.8 por ciento y el contenido del TND promedió 73.4 por ciento, siendo estas cifras muy similares a las cifras correspondientes en el caso de la ración completa. Por tal razón, las dos raciones pueden considerarse igualmente digestibles, a base de una proporción común de forraje a concentrado, al menos en lo referente a la proteína bruta y el TND.
Título en español.
Authors: Allan L. Phillips
Published: October 2020

Se les eliminaron las hojas a un número de árboles de café después de la cosecha, a seis niveles distintos, a saber: cero por ciento (control), 20, 40, 60, 80 y 100 por ciento. De los resultados obtenidos se determinó una ecuación de regresión linear mostrando que el rendimiento disminuye según aumenta el por ciento de eliminación de las hojas. Al evaluarse un sistema para cosechar café debe tenerse en cuenta el efecto que pueda tener la eliminación de las hojas.
Título en español
Authors: Juan A. Morassi  , Manuel Soldevila  , Manuel Rojas-Daporta
Published: October 2020

Se efectuaron cuatro estudios en el que se hicieron seis evaluaciones durante el período inicial y el de engorde de aves para asar. Se evaluaron diferentes combinaciones de harinas de soja, atún y carne usando como criterios de comparación la ganancia neta en peso y la utilización del alimento. Las combinaciones de harina de soja y de atún en proporciones de 2:1 a 1:2 dieron los mejores resultados en los estudios preliminares. En estudios posteriores, cuando se evaluaron dietas de similar contenido de nitrógeno, calorías, fósforo y calcio, en las que este último no excedió la tolerancia máxima del 1 por ciento, la harina de carne de buena calidad con un contenido proteico de 50 por ciento sustituyó hasta el 75 por ciento de la harina de atún, sin afectar adversamente el ritmo de crecimiento ni la utilización del aumento. La cantidad de cloruro de sodio suministrado por el alto nivel de harina de atún que se usó en nuestras dietas, aparentemente no tuvo efectos adversos en las aves.
Título en español.
Authors: M. A. Lugo-López  , J. Juárez, Jr.  , Raúl Pérez Escolar
Published: October 2020

En este trabajo se presentan los estudios estadísticos de los datos obtenidos de 740 pruebas de infiltración de agua, en ciertos suelos, realizadas bajo condiciones de campo. En términos generales, la velocidad de la infiltración varía rápidamente durante las primeras horas de la prueba, pero luego estos cambios van disminuyendo progresivamente. Se encontraron correlaciones altamente significativas entre la velocidad de la infiltración a la octava hora de iniciada la prueba y la que ocurre durante los intervalos de una hora, precedentes. Se sugiere el uso de una relación lineal para poder estimar la infiltración a la octava hora, a base de la medida tomada a la tercera hora. Esto economizaría tiempo y disminuiría el costo de las pruebas, sin que se afectara marcadamente la precisión de los datos.
AMINO ACID CONTENT AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF TUNA (THUNNUS SP.) FISHMEALS RELATIVE TO THEIR CRUDE-PROTEIN CONTENT
Authors: Manuel Soldevila
Published: October 2020

AMINO ACID CONTENT AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF TUNA (THUNNUS SP.) FISHMEALS RELATIVE TO THEIR CRUDE-PROTEIN CONTENT
PHOSPHORIBOISOMERASE FROM SUGARCANE LEAVES
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Alexander Alex G.
Published: October 2020

PHOSPHORIBOISOMERASE FROM SUGARCANE LEAVES
Studies on the Ribose-5-Phosphatase of Sugarcane
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Alexander Alex G.
Published: October 2020

A study has been made of ribose-5-phosphatase in sugarcane. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribose-5-phosphate to yield free ribose and phosphoric acid. The enzyme was extracted from fresh leaf tissues of 7-month old sugarcane grown in sand culture. Fractionation of cane extracts with ammonium sulfate showed that most of the enzyme was precipitated between 35 to 60 percent saturation. The richest source was spindle tissue. Leaves + 1 and + 2 were employed for studying the enzyme's properties. Dialysis up to 72 hours against several changes of distilled water had no appreciable effect on the phosphatase activity. Optimum pH was 5.5 and the Km was 2.5 X 10-3 moles of ribose-5-phosphate per liter. Good resolution of the enzyme and other protein constituents was obtained by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. Molybdenum and tungsten inhibited at low concentrations. Molybdenum at 0.1 µmole and tungsten at 1 µmole per ml. severely inhibited the enzyme's action. Inhibition was reversed at higher concentrations. Molybdenum action was specific. Inhibition was lost during prolonged dialysis. It is proposed that ribose-5-phosphatase is a distinctly different enzyme than the other acid phosphatases previously reported for sugarcane. It appears to be functional in the CO2 fixation pathway elucidated by Calvin.
Flower Initiation and Tassel Emergence in Sugarcane
Authors: Chu Teh-ling , Serapión J. L.
Published: October 2020

Stem apices of 78 sugarcane varieties were examined microscopically to determine the precise date of flower initiation during the 1967 and 1969 flowering periods at Gurabo Substation, P.R. A stage method for measuring floral initiation was developed and adopted. It was found that flower initiation or the formation of flower primordial is not simultaneous among all varieties of sugarcane. Initiation time was found to vary from September 1 to September 30. The model day-length for floral initiation in Puerto Rico (latitude 18° N.) appears to be 12 hours, 7 to 17 minutes. Both time of initiation and speed of inflorescence growth and development was found to be related to the time of flowering. The time required for the development and elongation of inflorescences was from 7 to 10 weeks in 90 percent of the varieties. The time of initiation in respective varieties is fairly constant from one year to the next. This indicates that flower initiation in sugarcane is determined primarily by photoperiod. However, as indicated in these studies, both low temperature and moisture stress were regarded as important factors in delaying the time of flower initiation. Moisture stress during 1967 appeared to be the predominant factor causing significant delay in the time of tassel emergence among the majority of varieties studied.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND HOST PLANTS OF THE CACTUS MOTH, CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (BERG) IN PUERTO RICO AND THE UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS
Authors: García Tudurí José C. , Martorell Luis F. , Medina Gaud Silverio
Published: October 2020

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND HOST PLANTS OF THE CACTUS MOTH, CACTOBLASTIS CACTORUM (BERG) IN PUERTO RICO AND THE UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS
A SIMPLE WAY TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OF THE STABLE FLY, STOMOXYS CALCITRANS (L.) (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), ON DAIRY FARMS IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Maldonado Capriles Jenaro , Medina Gaud Silverio
Published: October 2020

A SIMPLE WAY TO DETERMINE THE PRESENCE OF THE STABLE FLY, STOMOXYS CALCITRANS (L.) (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE), ON DAIRY FARMS IN PUERTO RICO
THIELAVIOPSIS ROT OF BANANAS
Authors: Alvarez-García Luis A.
Published: October 2020

THIELAVIOPSIS ROT OF BANANAS
REFRACTIVENESS OF PHYSA CUBENSIS (PFEIFFER) AND APPLEXA MARMORATA (GUILDING) TO FASCIOLA HEPATICA (L.)
Authors: De León D. , Ritchie L. , Chiriboga J.
Published: October 2020

REFRACTIVENESS OF PHYSA CUBENSIS (PFEIFFER) AND APPLEXA MARMORATA (GUILDING) TO FASCIOLA HEPATICA (L.)
Natural Increase and Net Migration of Coffee Region Populations in Puerto Rico, 1960-70
Authors: Calero R. , Hernández M. I. , Muler L. , Serra G.
Published: October 2020

This paper presents data showing the volume of net migration in the Coffee Region of Puerto Rico from April 1, 1960 to April 1, 1970. Population figures used for the estimates were derived from the last two census counts, and birth and death data classified by place of residence from the Division of Demographic Registry and Vital Statistics of the Department of Health of Puerto Rico. Preliminary results indicate that the Coffee Region of the Island had a net out-migration of 55,019 people from April 1, 1960 to April 1, 1970. During this same period, however, there were 50,629 births and 10,484 deaths to allow for a natural increase of 40,145 people. The population of this region would have been about 200,000 people if it had not been for out-migration, instead of the 141,483 enumerated by the Census in 1970. The net loss through out-migration, expressed as a ratio of the population living in this region in 1960, was 35.2 percent. Net outmigration was general throughout the Coffee Region: Each of its municipalities showed heavy net out-migration, ranging from a total of 14,114 people in Utuado to 2,518 in Maricao. It must be noted that heavy out-migration is not a new development in in this major crop area. Net out-migration from the Region during the 1950- 60 decade was 67,703 people, or about 37 percent of the 1950 population. From 1950 to 1970, out-migration amounted to 71.1 percent of the 1950 population.
The Hayat Cave Karst System (Samsun, TURKEY)
Authors: UZUN Ali , AYLAR Faruk , GÜRGÖZE Serkan
Published: October 2020

In this study, Hayat Cave karst system was investigated. The study area is located within the borders of Başaran village of Bafra district in Samsun province. The system has original shapes belonging to surface and depth karst. The aim of the study is to investigate the ecological, morphological and speleological features of the Hayat Cave karst system which has not been subject of any scientific research up to now. The study is mainly based on field observations and measurements. The knowledge obtained from the area and literature was processed in Geographical Information Systems and they were converted into visual materials. The region has a humid and temperate climate suitable for karstification. The bedrock is generally composed of volcano-sedimentary rocks. However, limestones suitable for karstification are encountered in some places as around of Basaran village. Brown forest soils are widespread in the area. Flat and slightly sloping lands were generally opened to agriculture in the region. In high sloping areas, wide-leaved forests consisting of species such as beech, hornbeam , chestnut and oak dominate the view. In the area, there are wolf, fox, jackal, marten, hedgehog, squirrel and roe deer as wild animals. In addition, you can see flies, spider and bat in the caves. Hayat Cave karst system starts with a fluviokarstic depression which is in the east of Başaran village. Kavaklıgöl Creek which drains the water of the system goes into underground from the swallow holes at the north end of depression. The stream has respectively created two caves while flowing into underground. The Başaran Cave above is dry whereas the Hayat Cave below is active. The creek pours in the Hayat Cave as two little waterfalls, and flows 35 m along the main gallery and then sinks in a swallow holes and disappears. Therefore, the entrance side of the cave is dry. However, the mud levels, the pebbles and blocks in the bed show that the stream empties from the mouth of the cave into the valley during the floods. Inside the caves there are speleothems with high visual appeal. If the caves are opened to tourism, they can contribute to the development and diversification of local tourism.
An Innovative Design Experimentation of Applying Tie and Dye Technique on Traditional Kerala Handloom Saree
Authors: M G Suparna
Published: October 2020

Handloom industry is a traditional industry in India which nurtures and
preserves the ancient weaving skills which are unique to each region. However, with
the invention of the power loom, the handloom industry is declining all over India.
Kerala has a rich handloom history and the traditional costumes of Kerala have a
special reputation all over India for its fineness of count and texture. Traditional wears
of Kerala are specially made in different districts of Kerala and one among them is by
the Devanga Chettiar community at Kuthampully in Thrissur district. Tie and dye is
one of the most acceptable and vibrant resist technique which is seen in the states of
Gujarat and Rajasthan. The present study was focused on the significance of value
addition on traditional Kerala sarees of Kuthampully by incorporating various shibori
patterns as a replacement to the golden borders. The articles prepared were subjected
to evaluation for its product aesthetics, feasibility and suitability of price. The two
viewpoints considered for evaluation were the manufacturer’s point of view and the
customer point of view.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF CRIME PREVENTION
Authors: Kuzmin Yury A.
Published: October 2020

The problem of criminality prevention is being updated. The relevance of issues related to crime prevention as the main factor of criminality prevention in general is substantiated. The essence of criminality prevention is in implementation of the law's educational function. Its mission is not in punishment, but in fostering anti-criminal cogitative-behavioral “in-stincts” of a personality. Criminality prevention should be based on certain universally rec-ognized international and national principles aimed at decriminalizing the identity of poten-tial criminals. Crime theory is a whole system of modern scientific knowledge, forms and methods (historical, socio-political, psychological, medical, legal, economic, etc.). The urgency of the research is caused by the fact that in the conditions of the Russian re-ality criminality is the most serious form of a social disease, in the “treatment” of which there are no universal and final remedies. There are only means to stabilize it, to minimize, to reduce it, etc. It is really utopian to remain on its complete eradication by state-legal means. However, the latter is very relevant for society, the state, the citizen. The problem of criminality prevention is notable for its complex and multifaceted character. Therefore, the state has applied and is now applying all available civilized means of its social and legal control. Effective criminality prevention requires improved law en-forcement activities, namely, focusing on identifying, researching, analyzing the main as-pects of criminality prevention, as well as on characterization and evaluation of the crim-inality prevention system in modern conditions, taking into account domestic and foreign experience. Various methods for prevention of crimes and offenses are analyzed. Criminality preven-tion must be understood as a specific direction in the state activity to affect the causal set of illegal behavior and conditions conducive to it, which results in the reduction, stabilization, quantitative reduction and qualitative mitigation of crime.
Có gì khác biệt của bệnh đái tháo đường typ 2 ở trẻ em và vị thành niên so với người lớn
Authors: Hoàng Trung Vinh
Published: October 2020

Đái tháo đường typ 2 (ĐTĐT2) là bệnh chuyển hóa đa yếu tố mạn tính, xuất hiện với nguyên nhân không đồng nhất cùng với các yếu tố nguy cơ (YTNC) từ phía xã hội và hành vi, môi trường, tính mẫn cảm của gen. Bệnh liên quan đến nhiều biến chứng nguy hiểm song nếu chẩn đoán sớm và bắt đầu điều trị ngay tại thời điểm chẩn đoán có thể dự phòng hoặc làm chậm sự xuất hiện các biến chứng về sau. Ở trẻ em và vị thành niên bệnh ĐTĐT2 đang gia tăng về số lượng liên quan đến béo phì với đặc điểm chủ yếu là kháng insulin. Bản thân người bệnh và sự giáo dục, chăm sóc của gia đình ở đối tượng trẻ tuổi mắc ĐTĐT2 là rất quan trọng chủ yếu khu trú vào việc thay đổi hành vi (ăn uống và hoạt động thể lực).
Biến đổi nồng độ glucose máu ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ não giai đoạn cấp tính trước và sau điều trị tại bệnh viện
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Minh , Phạm Quốc Toản , Hoàng Trung Vinh
Published: October 2020

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá biến đổi nồng độ glucose máu ở bệnh nhân đột quỵ não (BN ĐQN) giai đoạn cấp tính trước và sau thời gian điều trị tại bệnh viện. Đối tượng và phương pháp: 98 BN ĐQN cấp tính được điều trị bằng các biện pháp phối hợp bao gồm điều trị ĐQN và sử dụng insulin nếu có chỉ định, được đánh giá biến đổi nồng độ glucose máu trước và sau thời gian điều trị tại bệnh viện. Kết quả: Nồng độ glucose máu giảm ở tất cả các đối tượng kể cả có hay không có tăng glucose máu phản ứng, ở BN đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ) hay không có ĐTĐ trước khi đột quỵ. Nồng độ glucose máu ở đối tượng tại thời điểm tử vong cao hơn so với đối tượng không tử vong. Kết luận: Nồng độ glucose máu ở BN ĐQN sau thời gian điều trị tại bệnh viện giảm có ý nghĩa không phụ thuộc vào có hay không có tăng glucose máu phản ứng trước đó, ở cả BN ĐTĐ và không ĐTĐ.
Khảo sát thể tích tồn lưu bàng quang trên bệnh nhân nữ đái tháo đường týp 2
Authors: Hoàng Thị Bích Ngọc , Nguyễn Hải Thủy
Published: October 2020

Đặt vấn đề: Rối loạn chức năng đường tiết niệu dưới ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường là rối loạn phổ biến, lâu dài và tốn kém. Tỷ lệ mắc bệnh lý bàng quang đái tháo đường được ước tính từ 43-87% bệnh nhânđái tháo đường týp 1 và 25% bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 [10].Siêu âm là phương pháp dễ sử dụng, nhanh chóng, an toàn, không xâm nhập, không đau, dễ chịu và có giá trị trong đánh giá thể tích tồn lưu bàng quang[9]. Mục tiêu: (1) Xác định tỷ lệcó tồn lưu bàng quang ở bệnh nhân nữ đái tháo đường bằng siêu âm. (2)Đánh giá mối liên quan giữa thể tích tồn lưu bàng quang với một số yếu tố nguy cơ, đặc điểm lâm sàng bệnh bàng quang đái tháo đường. Xác địnhgiá trị dự báo của yếu tố nguy cơvề sự bất thường của thể tíchtồn lưu bàng quang.Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Đối tượng nghiên cứu của chúng tôi là 84 bệnh nhân nữ đái tháo đườngnội trú và ngoại trú Bệnh viện Trường Đại học Y Dược Huế từ tháng 8/2017 đến 8/2019, nhóm quy chiếu gồm 84 đối tượng nữ cùng độ tuổi không mắc đái tháo đường. Nghiên cứu được tiến hành theo phương pháp cắt ngang mô tả, bệnh nhân được khám lâm sàng, làm các xét nghiệm Glucose huyết tương lúc đói, HbA1c, siêu âm đo thể tích tồn lưu bàng quang. Kết quả: 67 bệnh nhân (79,80%) có bất thường tồn lưu bàng quang, 63 bệnh nhân (75%) có triệu chứng lâm sàng bệnh bàng quang đái tháo đường. Thể tích tồn lưu bàng quang liên quan với nồng độ HbA1c, Glucose máu, triệu chứng lâm sàng bệnh lý bàng quang, hạ huyết áp tư thế, bệnh lý thần kinh ngoại biên trong đó nồng độ HbA1c có khả năng phân tích rất tốt trong chẩn đoán có tồn lưu bàng quang, tại điểm cắt HbA1c là 9,1% (AUC 0,811, Se 65,67%, Sp 94,12% vàp < 0,001). Kết luận: Rối loạn chức năng bàng quangchiếm tỷ lệ khá cao ở bệnh nhân nữ đái tháo đường kiểm soát đường máu kém.
Các hội chứng lão khoa thường gặp ở bệnh nhân cao tuổi có đái tháo đường týp 2 điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn
Authors: Nguyễn Trung Anh , Nguyễn Thị Thu Hương , Lại Thanh Hà , Vũ Thị Thanh Huyền
Published: October 2020

Đặt vấn đề: Lão hóa và các hệ quả của nó có thể làm gia tăng đáng kể tỷ lệ mắc bệnh, tử vong và ảnh hưởng đến kết quả điều trị đái tháo đường (ĐTĐ). Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ các hội chứng lão khoa thường gặp ở người cao tuổi có ĐTĐ typ 2 điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang trên 1215 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường điều trị ngoại trú tại bệnh viện Thanh Nhàn. Đối tượng nghiên cứu được phỏng vấn theo mẫu bệnh án thống nhất, các hội chứng lão khoa được sàng lọc bằng các bộ câu hỏi. Kết quả:Trong số 1215 bệnh nhân nghiên cứu, tuổi trung bình là 70,1 ± 6,5; nữ giới chiếm 65,4%. Tỷ lệ suy giảm hoạt động chức năng hàng ngày (ADL) là 15,1%; tỷ lệ suy giảm hoạt động chức năng hàng ngày có sử dụng phương tiện, dụng cụ (IADL) là 23,5%. Có 341 bệnh nhân (28,1%) có suy giảm nhận thức (Mini Cog). Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân suy dinh dưỡng và có nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng (MNA-SF) là 11,1%. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có suy giảm thị lực (Snellen test) là 63,5%. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có hội chứng dễ bị tổn thương (HCDBTT) là 21,3%. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ các hội chứng lão khoa thường gặp như giảm thị lực (63,5%), suy giảm nhận thức (28,1%), suy giảm hoạt động hàng ngày có sử dụng dụng cụ (23,5%), HCDBTT (21,3%) ở người cao tuổi có ĐTĐ typ 2 khá cao. Áp dụng các công cụ sàng lọc hội chứng lão khoa ở thực hành lâm sàng là rất cần thiết.
Mối liên quan giữa rối loạn lipid máu và glucagon-like peptide-1 ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 chẩn đoán lần đầu có thừa cân béo phì
Authors: Lê Đình Tuân , Trần Thị Thanh Hóa , Nguyễn Thị Phi Nga , Nguyễn Tiến Sơn , Nguyễn Thị Hồ Lan
Published: October 2020

Mục tiêu: Nhằm xác định tỷ lệ rối loạn lipid máu và mối liên quan của nó với nồng độ glucagon-like peptid-1 ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 chẩn đoán lần đầu có thừa cân béo phì. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 66 bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 chẩn đoán lần đầu có thừa cân béo phì điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Nội tiết Trung ương. Kết quả: Nồng độ trung bình và tỷ lệ BN rối loạn các thành phần lipid máu lần lượt là: triglyceride (3,01 ± 2,18 mmol/l, tăng là 69,7%), cholesterol (5,49 ± 1,34 mmol/l, tăng là 60,6%), LDL-C (3,27 ± 1,03, tăng là 43,9%), HDL-C (1,20 ± 0,33, giảm là 16,7%), tỷ lệ rối loạn lipid máu nói chung là 84,8%. Có mối tương quan thuận mức độ vừa giữa nồng độ GLP-1 khi đói với triglyceride (r=0,367), tương quan nghịch mức độ vừa với LDL-C (r=-0,312). Có mối tương quan thuận mức độ chặt giữa nồng độ GLP-1 với triglycerid (r=0,647). Kết luận: Bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 có thừa cân béo phì, tỷ lệ rối loạn lipid máu nói chung cao 84,8%, chủ yếu tăng triglycerid (69,7%). Có mối tương quan thuận giữa nồng độ GLP-1 với triglycerid và tương quan nghịch với LDL-C.