bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Offline Learning Readiness during COVID-19 Pandemic: Indonesian’ Parent Knowledge, Belief, and Attitude
Authors: Sutini Titin , Apriliawati Anita , Astuti Medya Aprilia , Wulandari Intan Trias , Santi Refina Tri
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Indonesian Government advised to begin to open the school for offline learning with strict COVID-19 prevention protocol in early September 2021. However, this policy may cause parents to feel anxious and concerned about their children’s health during face-to-face learning. The previous research has focused on parents’ perspectives and readiness toward their children’s digital use in general, leaving their beliefs, attitudes, and readiness concerning offline learning in the COVID-19 pandemic unexplored.

AIM: This study aimed to identify knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes toward children’s offline learning among parents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data using Survey Monkey. The sample in this study was parents who had children aged 6–12-years-old and willing to participate in this study. A linear regression model was employed to find readiness-related factors.

RESULTS: A total of 800 (response rate was 80%) participants participated in the study. The average age was 34 (SD = 12.3), 60% were female and 54% worked in the public sector. Participants had an average knowledge score of 10.3 (SD = 3.27, with a range of 0–13), parental attitudes concerning the advantages and disadvantages of offline schooling versus online learning were 3.88 (SD = 0.12), the belief was 3.78 (SD = 0.89), and the readiness score was 3.45 (SD = 0.89). Attitude (β _= 3.04 and p = 0.001) and belief (β _= 2.89 and p = 0.001) were the factors associated with readiness to offline learning outbreak COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the implementation of offline learning during the pandemic has been a positive response by families. Individuals may also benefit from targeted health education programs to strengthen COVID-19 knowledge, belief, and preparation for offline learning during pandemic COVID-19.
D6.1 Analysis of needs and capacity of different audiences including policy makers, expert practitioners and other modellers
Authors: Trajković Milica , Vujaklija Dajana , Ziv Guy , Gosal Arjan , Ge Jiaqi , Gunning Jodi , Mueller Birgit , Williams Annabelle , Nadeu Elisabet
Published: February 2022

This document has five main sections: the first one, “Developing the needs assessment protocol” which explains how we approached to different stakeholders in order to define and analyse their needs and capacities; the second section contains the report of of the interviews conducted by RISE and present the needs of Policy Makers; section three explains the needs of expert practitioners identified during the online workshop (14th and 15th of July 2020);  section four presents the needs of biophysical modeling community and section five explains the needs of ABM modellers identified from recent scholarly workshops. The results of this analysis will be taken under consideration and co-design and co-development processes.
Presence of an alien turtle accelerates hatching of common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles
Authors: Vodrážková Magda , Šetlíková Irena , Navrátil Josef , Berec Michal
Published: February 2022

The presence of a predator affects prey populations either by direct predation or by modifying various parts of their life history. We investigated whether the hatching time, developmental stage, and body size at hatching of common frog (Rana temporaria) embryos would alter in the presence of a red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) as a predator. The presence of a predator affected all factors examined. We found that in the absence of the slider, the embryos hatched in 12 days, while hatching was accelerated by two days in slider treatment. At the same time, the embryos hatched smaller and at a lower stage of development with the slider than without it. Our study extends the range of predators studied, including the effect on different phases of development of potential amphibian prey.
Flora richness of a military area: discovery of a remarkable station of Serapias neglecta in Corsica
Authors: Julien Margaux , Schatz Bertrand , Contant Simon , Filippi Gérard
Published: February 2022

One of the central issues in conservation today is identifying areas rich in biodiversity for priority conservation. On a global scale, the Mediterranean area is a biodiversity hotspot and, locally, Corsica contains high biodiversity with interesting sites for conservation. An inventory of flora was undertaken on the Solenzara military airbase. Five hundred and fifty-two plant species were inventoried, which represent an important species richness. Amongst these species, certain are rare or endemic. A large population of Serapias neglecta subsp. neglecta was found and the size of this population was estimated. This species is localised at a global scale and has a protection status. This is the largest population known, with more than 155,000 individuals on the 550 ha of the airbase. Nineteen plant species have national protection status and 15 are classified as invasive alien species. The Solenzara airbase has a role in conserving many species; a management plan would be appropriate.
Use of Worksheet events in Excel to save solver objective cell value from each iteration
Authors: Sambaraju Prasanth
Published: February 2022

Solver is a Microsoft Excel add-in program which is used to find an optimal value for a formula in the objective cell. Solver accomplishes this either by maximizing, minimizing or setting the objective cell value to a specific value. The article presents the utility of in built worksheet events in Excel VBA to save the value of objective cell from each iteration when solver is used for optimization.
Les leçons de l’agriculture américaine ?
Authors: Pessis Céline
Published: February 2022

L’adoption en France d’un modèle américain de modernisation agricole a été particulièrement bien étudiée à propos des politiques de motorisation. Cet article se propose de mettre au jour l’ambivalence de ces « leçons de l’agriculture américaine » par l’étude des craintes de dégradation des sols qui accompagnèrent la généralisation des tracteurs durant la IV e  République. En éclairant la circulation de ces alertes parmi les spécialistes du monde rural et la « profession agricole » en voie de structuration, il montre comment, des chambres d’agriculture au Commissariat général au Plan, le souci du sol s’immisça dans la définition d’une bonne politique agricole.
La marchandisation de l’accès à la terre dans des contextes ruraux ouest-africains
Authors: Colin Jean-Philippe
Published: February 2022

Cet essai propose une lecture de l’émergence et du développement des ventes de terres rurales en Afrique de l’Ouest francophone. Ces transactions n’émergent pas de façon endogène au sein des sociétés locales, mais sont structurées par le rapport entre cédants autochtones et preneurs allogènes. Elles restent souvent socialement enchâssées : le paiement ne clôt pas alors la relation, il l’instaure ou la perpétue. L’existence d’un flux financier ne permet pas dans ce cas de conclure à une vente ferme, définitive, incontestable, d’autant que, sauf exceptions, les transactions concernant les terres rurales se déroulent en déconnexion du cadre légal et restent informelles. Ces transferts fonciers posent la question de l’interprétation, par les parties, de l’objet de la transaction (la terre ou le droit d’exploitation ?) et de son caractère libératoire ou non – en d’autres termes, la vente est-elle « complète » ? La réponse est à apprécier empiriquement en un lieu et un temps donnés. La marchandisation de l’accès à la terre dans les contextes ouest-africains illustre des situations marquées par un pluralisme normatif et institutionnel.
Improving Sleep Quality in Older Adults: Foot Reflexology or Warm Footbath? A Single-Blind, 6-Week Intervention, Two Group, Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: Güven Şefika Dilek
Published: February 2022

The current study aimed to compare the effects of foot reflexology and warm foot-bath on improving sleep quality in older adults. Participants were randomized to the foot reflexology group (
n
= 50) or warm footbath group (
n
= 50). Data were collected using a Descriptive Information Form and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Foot reflexology was applied 30 minutes twice per week for 6 weeks. Warm foot-bath was applied 1 hour before bedtime every evening for 6 weeks. Comparison of mean total scores from the PSQI before and after reflexology indicated that mean postintervention total scores decreased significantly compared to preintervention scores (
p
< 0.05). Comparison of PSQI mean total scores before and after warm footbath indicated that mean postintervention total scores decreased significantly compared to preintervention scores (
p
< 0.05). Comparison of PSQI mean scores of the reflexology and warm footbath groups showed no significant difference between groups in terms of the variance in mean scores (
p
> 0.05). According to current findings, both interventions improved sleep quality in older adults. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 48
(3), 17–22.]
Fuzzy-enhanced robust fault-tolerant control of IFOC motor with matched and mismatched disturbances
Authors: Teguia Jean Blaise , Kammogne Alain Soup Tewa , Ganmene Stella Germaine Tsakoue , Siewe Martin Siewe , Kenne Godpromesse
Published: February 2022

This paper focuses on the dynamical analysis of the permanent magnet asynchronous motor with the aim of subsequently designing effective robust control laws for the indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) devices. We first perform some tasks which demonstrate the existence of chaos phenomenon in the IFOC using relevant indicators such as phase portraits, bifurcations diagrams and Lyapunov exponents. Chaotic signature and some striking transitions are revealed such as period-doubling, torus, period-adding and chaos when an accessible parameter of the IFOC motor is changed. More interestingly, a certain range of the parameter space corresponds to the transient chaos. This behavior was not reported previously and can be considered as an enriching contribution. Secondly, due to the great interest to reduce the upper bound of uncertainties and interference, conventional sliding mode control (SMC) has been abundantly investigated for fault-tolerant control (FTC) systems. However, this approach presents several drawbacks in terms of overshoot, less robustness, transient state error, large chattering and speed of convergence that limit its use for industrial applications. For these reasons, the integral sliding mode control (ISMC) and the fuzzy sliding mode control (FISMC) are proposed to keep the IFOC motor in the regular operation zone. The optimal feedback gains and a sufficient condition are proposed for the stability of the overall IFOC system is drawn based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) method. To highlight the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control scheme, numerical simulation results are presented. This analysis allows us a great knowledge of engineers for interpreting the operation of the IFOC motor. To highlight the effectiveness and the applicability of the proposed control scheme, numerical simulations results are presented and clearly demonstrated the feasibility of these techniques.
El lugar de las emociones en la emergencia, consolidación y transformación de las identidades sociales. El caso de trabajadores y trabajadoras de la industria del procesamiento del pescado de la ciudad de Mar del Plata
Authors: Azcárate Josefina
Published: February 2022

Para que un grupo pueda dominar a otro no basta con la amenaza y/o utilización de la coacción física, para lograr ese fin, dicho grupo debe lograr el monopolio en la internalización, a nivel subjetivo y emocional, de un conjunto de representaciones, creencias y valores. Sin embargo, ello no está exento de confrontaciones.Abordaremos las confrontaciones sociales en un ámbito considerado muchas veces como “privado”, como es el de las emociones. Lo que los seres humanos son capaces de experimentar afectivamente tiene que ver con el tipo particular de configuración social, el entramado de interdependencias sociales y las relaciones de poder en las cuales se hayan imbricados. Nuestro universo de estudio, está formado por trabajadores/as de la industria del pescado de Mar del Plata, quienes ven sus condiciones materiales de existencia amenazadas por la precariedad, desgaste, inestabilidad e inseguridad laboral. Particularmente, reflexionaremos sobre la diversidad de emociones suscitadas ante el “olor a pescado”, marca que caracteriza a este grupo debido a su actividad productiva, según la edad y el sexo del/a entrevistado/a. Para finalizar nos interesa conocer cómo se relacionan las emociones frente a la estigmatización con el valor atribuido a la tarea realizada.
Defender el liberalismo con piedras y tanques: Mario Vargas Llosa y la Fundación Internacional para la Libertad
Authors: Boisard Stéphane , Giménez María Julia
Published: February 2022

Recientes reflexiones en torno a cómo es posible que el ideario liberal-conservador vuelva a ocupar un lugar central en la dirección de las agendas políticas de la región tras los estallidos populares que impugnaron el llamado consenso de Washington y el surgimiento de diversas experiencias de gobiernos progresistas, abrieron nuevas preguntas al interior del campo de estudios de las derechas alrededor de la novedad (o no) del fenómeno actual. Entendiendo que el término derecha(s) engloba amplios y diversos actores, este trabajo busca abordar la cuestión colocando la atención en los defensores del liberalismo, en particular Mario Vargas Llosa y la Fundación Internacional para la Libertad, la red de think tanks que preside desde 2002. Este trabajo parte del entendimiento de que si bien las derechas actuales son parte de un proceso histórico que tiene un hito clave durante la década de 1980, asociado al thatcherismo, al reaganismo y a las diversas formas en que el programa y filosofía neoliberal fue traducido al escenario latinoamericano, es a partir de los años 2000 que se produce un proceso de condensación de fuerzas e intercambio de recursos materiales y simbólicos que permitieron reactualizar los repertorios en la defensa del programa impugnado. A partir del análisis de las premiaciones y reconocimientos entregados al escritor peruano y del dialogo con los estudios de think tanks, buscamos demostrar que al iniciarse el nuevo milenio la trayectoria de Vargas Llosa inicia un proceso de ampliación de los campos de socialización y reconocimiento que se traduce en la consolidación como referente latinoamericano en la defensa del liberalismo. Entendemos que esta virada se produce luego de su acoplamiento como presidente de la Fundación Internacional para la Libertad al campo de los institutos, fundaciones y centros de pensamiento defensores del liberalismo, en tanto forma colectiva y organizada de disputar en la batalla cultural y de ideas. Este estudio nos induce a pensar que si por un lado no hay novedad orgánica del fenómeno que contornean la ofensiva neoliberal al iniciarse el nuevo milenio; por otro, el cruce entre la conflictividad e impugnación del programa de ‘modernización conservadora’ y el acoplamiento de fuerzas, recursos materiales y simbólicos y de repertorios permiten hablar de una condensación coyuntural que deja de manifiesto la plasticidad estratégica y resiliencia del neoliberalismo.
La désindustrialisation comme vecteur de vulnérabilité territoriale
Authors: Venet Thomas
Published: February 2022

La désindustrialisation et les fermetures de sites de production industrielle sont principalement analysés par le biais des mutations des appareils productifs, ou par leurs effets sur les trajectoires individuelles des travailleur·se·s de l’industrie. Nous proposons dans cet article de questionner ces phénomènes en tant que facteur de vulnérabilité des populations et des territoires pris dans leur ensemble.En nous centrant sur la Picardie, qui fut l’une des régions les plus industrielles de France, nous chercherons à caractériser la désindustrialisation des espaces qui la compose en mobilisant des données issues de différentes sources. Nous mettrons ensuite ces indices de la désindustrialisation en lien avec des indicateurs de pauvreté et de dynamisme démographique afin de tenter une première caractérisation de la vulnérabilité des territoires.
L’accession à la propriété après les séparations : pourquoi un tel écart entre hommes et femmes ?
Authors: Crepin Laure
Published: February 2022

À partir de l’enquête SRCV (Statistiques sur les Ressources et les Conditions de Vie), cet article se propose de décrire comment les séparations conjugales viennent renforcer les inégalités d’accession à la propriété entre hommes et femmes. Avant la rupture, les femmes ont des carrières moins rémunératrices que leur conjoint. Ces inégalités se creusent après la séparation, d’autant plus que les femmes ont davantage la garde des enfants. Elles ont donc des niveaux de vie plus faibles et des situations professionnelles plus précaires, leur permettant moins souvent de rester propriétaires. Par ailleurs, à caractéristiques égales, les hommes font davantage le choix de la propriété que les femmes, notamment lorsqu’ils sont pères, venant confirmer que les « choix résidentiels » sont genrés.
Effects of Dynamic Visualizations Enriched With Visuospatial Cues on Learners' Cognitive Load and Learning Effectiveness
Authors: Yang Hui-Yu
Published: February 2022

The present study was to explore whether dynamic visualizations enriched with visuospatial cues can optimize learners' cognitive processing of mechanical systems. The animated conditions and cueing patterns were the independent variables with an attempt to investigate their impacts on retention and transfer tests. Either dynamic or static visualizations with the presence of visuospatial cues served as the instructional material. Two hundred thirty-eight English as a foreign language (EFL) learners participated in the experiment. The learners were distributed to six groups—either dynamic or static visualizations enriched with non-cue, entity-cues, and arrow-entity cues. Their prior knowledge was initially assessed, and then followed by retention and transfer tests and cognitive load measurements. The experimental results suggested that dynamic visualizations enriched with progressive visuospatial cues was more beneficial in helping learners to develop the favorable quality of mental models.
Stress Amongst Private University Students in Malaysia
Authors: Toh Seong-Yuen , Tehseen Shehnaz , Mahmoud Ali B. , Cheok Jason B. , Kaur Ranita
Published: February 2022

We examine the predictive power of individual differences based on the Five-Factor Model (FFM) for stress among undergraduate students in private universities in Malaysia. One hundred thirty-one undergraduate students from three private universities were surveyed. A partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilised to analyse the data. Our findings indicate that Neuroticism and Agreeableness positively predict student stress. Whereas openness to experience, conscientiousness and extraversion do not exhibit significant or sufficiently sizable predictions of student stress. Notably, female students are found to report higher levels of stress than males. Emotionally unstable students tend to be more vulnerable to forms of stress. Agreeableness signifies the predisposition to be kind and supportive instead of suspicious or an adversary towards people. Thus, highly agreeable students may expose themselves to discretionary stress to meet their classmates and tutors’ expectations. Our results are discussed. Further, practical and research implications are provided.
Tribological Behavior of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys in Combination with Dry Lubricants at High Forming Temperatures
Authors: Rigas Nikolaos , Junker Friedhelm , Berendt Erik , Merklein Marion
Published: February 2022

High-strength aluminum alloys provide great potential for weight reduction in vehicle and aircraft production. Nevertheless, forming of these materials is limited at room temperature. Thermally supported forming operations such as hot forming and quenching (HFQ®) allow forming of components without failure and reduced springback. Currently, the adhesive wear and high friction limit the use of HFQ®-operations for high-strength aluminum alloys. Out of this reason, the present paper describes the tribological performance of new developed dry lubricants at elevated temperatures for the alloy AA7075. For this purpose, strip drawing tests were carried out in a modified open tribological system at temperatures between 20 °C and 400 °C. Additionally, the melting behavior of these lubricants, as well as the variation of the lubricant thickness, were investigated. The results show a reduction of the coefficient of friction at elevated temperatures.
Effect of Adding Nano Starch Biopolymer on some Properties of Silica Fume Concrete
Authors: Atia Samir M. , Abbas Waleed A.
Published: February 2022

The article describes a new method to use biopolymers (Nano starch) as an alternative to mineral admixtures in improving concrete properties, producing sustainable concrete, and reducing CO2 emissions in the atmosphere by partial replacement of cement with silica fume. The impact of nano starch as a biopolymer on certain properties of silica fume concrete In the fresh state (slump and fresh density) and In the hardened state (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength) at 7 and 28 days was researched. It has been added to silica fume concrete in various percentages of (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) by the weight of cement. The mix proportions were (1:2.3:2.3) (cement: sand: gravel) respectively, for all blends w/c equal 0.47, and constant percentage of ( silica fume of 15%, and superplasticizer of 0.75 percent) by the weight of cement. According to the findings, the optimal starch addition was 0.5%, which resulted in a 34% increase in compressive strength and a 31% and 21% increase in splitting tensile and flexural strength of concrete, respectively. Slump increased by 19%, and fresh density increased by 4% when the starch powder was added at a concentration of 1.5%.
Experimental Study on Sliding bearing of Sink Roll in Galvanizing Line
Authors: Jiang Wen Xun , Wang Wen
Published: February 2022

Hot dip galvanizing can effectively prevent the corrosion of steel. With the increasing demand of industry for steel strip, higher requirements are put forward for stable and continuous operation of submerged roller bearings in hot dip galvanizing line. The existing sliding bearings for sink roll of galvanizing line mainly depend on imports, and their service life is about two weeks. Two weeks later, the sliding bearing failed, so it is necessary to stop the line and replace the new bearing, wasting a lot of material cost and time cost. In this paper, zinc liquid corrosion test, high temperature pin-and-disc dry friction test and corrosion wear test were carried out on the materials of sliding bearing pair of submerged roller, mainly alumina ceramic bushing and three kinds of metal sleeves (alloy A, alloy B and 316L stainless steel) under simulated actual working conditions. The status of corrosion and wear in bearing failure was compared and analyzed, and the hydrodynamic lubrication effect formed by zinc liquid under test conditions was considered, and the main failure mechanism was comprehensively analyzed.
REL and BHLHE40 Variants Are Associated with IL-12 and IL-10 Responses and Tuberculosis Risk
Authors: Shah Javeed A , Warr Alex J , Graustein Andrew D , Saha Aparajita , Dunstan Sarah J , Thuong Nguyen T T , Thwaites Guy E , Caws Maxine , Thai Phan V K , Bang Nguyen D , Chau Tran T H , Khor Chiea Chuen , Li Zheng , Hibberd Martin , Chang Xuling , Nguyen Felicia K , Hernandez Carlo A , Jones Madison A , Sassetti Christopher M , Fitzgerald Katherine A , Musvosvi Munyaradzi , Gela Anele , Hanekom Willem A , Hatherill Mark , Scriba Thomas J , Hawn Thomas R
Published: February 2022

The major human genes regulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis–induced immune responses and tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility are poorly understood. Although IL-12 and IL-10 are critical for TB pathogenesis, the genetic factors that regulate their expression in humans are unknown. CNBP, REL, and BHLHE40 are master regulators of IL-12 and IL-10 signaling. We hypothesized that common variants in CNBP, REL, and BHLHE40 were associated with IL-12 and IL-10 production from dendritic cells, and that these variants also influence adaptive immune responses to bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccination and TB susceptibility. We characterized the association between common variants in CNBP, REL, and BHLHE40, innate immune responses in dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages, BCG-specific T cell responses, and susceptibility to pediatric and adult TB in human populations. BHLHE40 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4496464 was associated with increased BHLHE40 expression in monocyte-derived macrophages and increased IL-10 from peripheral blood dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages after LPS and TB whole-cell lysate stimulation. SNP BHLHE40 rs11130215, in linkage disequilibrium with rs4496464, was associated with increased BCG-specific IL-2+CD4+ T cell responses and decreased risk for pediatric TB in South Africa. SNPs REL rs842634 and rs842618 were associated with increased IL-12 production from dendritic cells, and SNP REL rs842618 was associated with increased risk for TB meningitis. In summary, we found that genetic variations in REL and BHLHE40 are associated with IL-12 and IL-10 cytokine responses and TB clinical outcomes. Common human genetic regulation of well-defined intermediate cellular traits provides insights into mechanisms of TB pathogenesis.
Ca2+ Signaling Augmented by ORAI1 Trafficking Regulates the Pathogenic State of Effector T Cells
Authors: Wu Beibei , Woo Jin Seok , Sun Zuoming , Srikanth Sonal , Gwack Yousang
Published: February 2022

Activation of the Ca2+ release–activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel is crucial for T cell functions. It was recently shown that naked cuticle homolog 2 (NKD2), a signaling adaptor molecule, orchestrates trafficking of ORAI1, a pore subunit of the CRAC channels, to the plasma membrane for sustained activation of the CRAC channels. However, the physiological role of sustained Ca2+ entry via ORAI1 trafficking remains poorly understood. Using NKD2 as a molecular handle, we show that ORAI1 trafficking is crucial for sustained Ca2+ entry and cytokine production, especially in inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells. We find that murine T cells cultured under pathogenic Th17-polarizing conditions have higher Ca2+ levels that are NKD2-dependent than those under nonpathogenic conditions. In vivo, deletion of Nkd2 alleviated clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice by selectively decreasing effector T cell responses in the CNS. Furthermore, we observed a strong correlation between NKD2 expression and proinflammatory cytokine production in effector T cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that the pathogenic effector T cell response demands sustained Ca2+ entry supported by ORAI1 trafficking.
Serratus anterior plane block and erector spinae plane block in postoperative analgesia in thoracotomy: A randomised controlled study
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Elsayed , Wadod Mohamed Abd Alfattah
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims:

Managing pain after thoracic surgery is crucial and the traditional methods have many adverse effects. We aimed to evaluate serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in acute pain control in thoracic cancer surgeries.

Methods:

This randomised controlled, triple-blind study was performed on 90 patients, between 18 and 70 years old, scheduled for elective thoracic cancer surgery. Patients were allocated into three equal groups: Control group: received sham ESPB and sham SAPB. SAPB group received SAPB (20 ml bupivacaine 0.5%) and sham ESPB. ESBP group received ESPB (20 ml bupivacaine 0.5%) and sham SAPB.

Results:

Postoperative morphine consumption was significantly lower in ESBP and SAPB groups than control group [ESPB (8.52 ± 4.29 mg) < SAPB (19.57 ± 7.63 mg) < control (36.37 ± 8.27 mg)] (P < 0.001). Numerical rating scale pain score was comparable among the groups at rest, but was significantly lower at 30 min, 2, 4 h in ESPB and SAPB groups, than control group on coughing. The scores were better in SAPB compared to control group till 4 h. At 8, 12, 24 h, the difference between control and SAPB groups became insignificant, but it remained the least in ESPB group. Postoperative forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second after 24 h were the best in ESPB group and better in SAPB group compared to the control group.

Conclusion:

Both ESPB and SAPB reduced intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumptions and postoperative dynamic pain scores with improved postoperative pulmonary functions in thoracic surgery with the ESPB being superior.
Teaching Hands-Only CPR (HOCPR) skills to 8th-grade students in urban Bengaluru: Development of a comprehensive Hands-Only CPR programme for high school students
Authors: Ramesh Aruna C. , Hariprasad K.V. , Abhishek K.B. , Murthy M.R. Keshava , Edison Marcia , Hoek Terry L. Vanden
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims:

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death in India. Only 1.3% of these arrests receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Bystander CPR increases a victim’s chances of survival; training school children in Hands-Only CPR (HOCPR) is a proven method of increasing bystander CPR rates. Heart Rescue India is an international project working to improve care for cardiovascular diseases, and as a part of it, a ten module Cardiovascular disease (CVD) educational programme, including HOCPR training, was conducted in ten schools in 2017–18. The objective of our study was to assess the effectiveness of HOCPR training for 8th-grade high school students.

Methods:

Four hundred fourteen of the 530 enroled students from ten schools of Bengaluru participated in the study. The participants attended a one-hour didactic session about the recognition of cardiac arrest and HOCPR in three simple steps. Subsequently, students received hands-on training for HOCPR. The sessions included pre- and post-assessment of knowledge and skills. The results were statistically analysed using paired t-test and the McNemar test.

Results:

The mean overall pre-assessment score for knowledge was 62.07 ± 28.38%, and the post-assessment score was 72.42 ± 26.58% (P < 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant improvement in the post-training scores for HOCPR in all three parameters, namely compressions per minute, depth and chest recoil.

Conclusion:

The study demonstrated a simple yet effective HOCPR programme for high school children.
Effectiveness of pre-emptive nerve block on opioid consumption in patients undergoing nasal surgery under general anaesthesia: A double-blinded randomised controlled study
Authors: Parthasarathy Srinivasan , Krishnapriyanka K J , Saravanan Balachandar
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims:

The efficacy of bilateral nasociliary and maxillary nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia on intraoperative opioids consumption, emergence and recovery outcomes in adult patients is not well established. We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that the above blocks, combined with general anaesthesia, decrease the intraoperative opioid consumption following nasal surgery.

Methods:

In this prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled study, 51 adult patients undergoing elective nasal surgery under general anaesthesia were randomised into one of two groups. Group A (n = 26) received bilateral nasociliary and maxillary nerve blocks with 12 mL of equal volumes of 0.5% bupivacaine and 2% lignocaine after induction of general anaesthesia. Group B (n = 25) did not receive any block (control group). The primary endpoint was the total intraoperative dose of fentanyl consumed. The secondary endpoints were the grade of cough, emergence agitation, the grade of post-operative nausea and vomiting, time to the first analgesia and time to post-anaesthesia care unit discharge.

Results:

The mean total intraoperative fentanyl dose (μg) was significantly lower in group A than in group B (2.31 ± 11.76 vs. 41.20 ± 31.00, P = 0.00). The incidence of emergence agitation was lower in group A than group B (11.5% vs. 88%, P = 0.00). The time to the first analgesia was significantly longer in group A than group B (543.27 vs. 199.84 min, P = 0.017).

Conclusion:

The pre-emptive administration of bilateral nasociliary and maxillary nerve block for nasal surgery is an effective technique for reducing the intraoperative dose of fentanyl and emergence agitation.
Inclusion of podcasts as a tool in the delivery of medical education
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: February 2022

The scope of information technology is on the rise in the field of health care and has started to have a significant impact on the delivery of medical education considering the changing needs of the medical students. Podcasts have been linked with multiple merits as it gives an opportunity for the teacher to enhance their teaching beyond classroom settings in terms of time and place option. As the students can learn as per their convenience, it augments self-directed, lifelong learning, and gives a chance to medical students to refine their knowledge outside college hours. It is always good to record podcasts on those topics which are of practical and clinical significance to the medical students. In conclusion, podcast in medical education is a useful inclusion for enhancing learning among medical students respecting the principles of adult learning. The need of the hour is to have an appropriate match of both conventional teaching–learning methodologies and podcasts, and the overall process of learning can be enhanced by adding a component of assessment.
Exposing medical students to Pecha Kucha during their training period
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: February 2022

A medical doctor in the current generation is bound to get exposed to a wide range of scenarios, wherein they are expected to share their thoughts, ideas, expertise in a convincing and appealing way to the public. In order to improve the attention of the audience, we have to resort to something which is innovative, creative, yet concise and appealing. Pecha Kucha is a method of presentation which is designed to maintain interest of the audience, especially during the course of a series of presentations. However, we have to accept that only adoption of the Pecha Kucha format won't do wonders unless it is supplemented with good communication skills, positive body language and modulation of tone. In conclusion, the format of Pecha Kucha is a learner-centered approach with an aim to improve the attention span of the audience and ensure that the presentation is not being extended beyond time limits. In-fact, it has to be considered as an approach to improve the speaker abilities with regard to abstraction, analysis, and synthesis.
Adrenal hemangioblastoma
Authors: Koo Joo-Yeon , Lee Kyung-Hwa , Choi Joon Hyuk , Chung Ho Seok , Choi Chan
Published: February 2022

Hemangioblastoma (HB) is a rare benign tumor that most commonly occurs in the cerebellum. HB is composed of neoplastic stromal cells and abundant small vessels. However, the exact origin of stromal cells is controversial. Extraneural HBs have been reported in a small series, and peripheral HBs arising in the adrenal gland are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of sporadic adrenal HB in a 54-year-old woman. The tumor was a well-circumscribed, yellow mass measuring 4.2 cm in diameter. Histologically, the tumor was composed of small blood vessels and vacuolated stromal cells with clear cytoplasm. On immunohistochemical stain, the stromal cells were positive for S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, and synaptophysin. The tumor did not reveal mutation of VHL alleles. We herein present a case of HB of the adrenal gland and review of the literature.
Global well-posedness of a binary–ternary Boltzmann equation
Authors: Pavlović Nataša , Tasković Maja , Gamba Irene M. , Ampatzoglou Ioakeim
Published: February 2022

In this paper we show global well-posedness near vacuum for the binary–ternary Boltzmann
equation. The binary–ternary Boltzmann equation provides a correction term to the classical
Boltzmann equation, taking into account both binary and ternary interactions of particles, and may
serve as a more accurate description model for denser gases in non-equilibrium. Well-posedness of
the classical Boltzmann equation and, independently, the purely ternary Boltzmann equation follow
as special cases. To prove global well-posedness, we use a Kaniel–Shinbrot iteration and related
work to approximate the solution of the non-linear equation by monotone sequences of supersolutions
and subsolutions. This analysis required establishing new convolution-type estimates to
control the contribution of the ternary collisional operator to the model. We show that the ternary
operator allows consideration of softer potentials than the one binary operator, and consequently
our solution to the ternary correction of the Boltzmann equation preserves all the properties of the
binary interactions solution. These results are novel for collisional operators of monoatomic gases
with either hard or soft potentials that model both binary and ternary interactions.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the community based on participants in the 2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kim Ah-Ra , Minn Dohsik , Kim Su Hwan , Do Hyeon Nam , Kim Byoungguk , Choi Young Sill , Kim Dong-Hyun , Oh Eun-Jee , Oh Kyungwon , Kwon Donghyok , Kwon Jun-Wook , Kim Sung Soon , Lee June-Woo
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVES: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a nationwide cross-sectional surveillance system that assesses the health and nutritional status of the Korean population. To evaluate the occurrence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the community, we investigated the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the sera of KNHANES participants.METHODS: Subjects were recruited between April 24 and December 12, 2020. In total, 5,284 subjects aged 10-90 years from 17 regions participated. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were screened using the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay. Positive samples were verified using 4 different SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays and the plaque reduction neutralizing test. The final seropositivity criteria were a positive screening test and at least 1 positive result from the 5 additional tests.RESULTS: Almost half (49.2%; 2,600/5,284) of participants were from metropolitan areas, 48.9% were middle-aged (40-69 years), and 20.5% were in their 20s or younger. The seropositivity rate was 0.09% (5/5,284). Three of the 5 antibody-positive subjects had a history of infection, of whom 2 were infected abroad and 1 was infected in a local cluster outbreak.CONCLUSIONS: The low SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in Korea indicates that there have been few coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases due to successful COVID-19 management measures (e.g., diagnostic tests for overseas arrivals, national social distancing, and strict quarantine measures). Moreover, asymptomatic infections were uncommon due to active polymerase chain reaction testing. However, hidden infections may exist in the community, requiring the continuation of quarantine and vaccination measures.
О проблеме периодичности разложений в непрерывную дробь $\sqrt{f}$ для кубических многочленов $f$ над полями алгебраических чисел
Authors: Platonov Vladimir Petrovich , Zhgoon Vladimir Sergeevich , Petrunin Maksim Maksimovich
Published: February 2022

Получено полное описание полей $\mathbb K$, являющихся расширениями $\mathbb Q$ степени не более $3$, и кубических многочленов $f \in\mathbb K[x]$, для которых разложение $\sqrt{f}$ в непрерывную дробь в поле формальных степенных рядов $\mathbb K((x))$ периодично. Доказана теорема конечности для кубических многочленов $f \in\mathbb K[x]$ с периодическим разложением $\sqrt{f}$ для расширений $\mathbb Q$ степени не более $6$. Получено описание периодических элементов $\sqrt{f}$ для кубических многочленов $f(x)$, определяющих эллиптические кривые с точками порядка $3 \le N\le 42$, $N \ne 37, 41$.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Involvement of the Liver in COVID-19: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kariyawasam Jayani C. , Jayarajah Umesh , Abeysuriya Visula , Riza Rishdha , Seneviratne Suranjith L.
Published: February 2022

COVID-19, a respiratory viral infection, has affected 388 million individuals worldwide as of the February 4, 2022. In this review, we have outlined the important liver manifestations of COVID-19 and discussed the possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and their diagnosis and management. Factors that may contribute to hepatic involvement in COVID-19 include direct viral cytopathic effects, exaggerated immune responses/systemic inflammatory response syndrome, hypoxia-induced changes, vascular changes due to coagulopathy, endothelitis, cardiac congestion from right heart failure, and drug-induced liver injury. The majority of COVID-19-associated liver symptoms are mild and self-limiting. Thus management is generally supportive. Liver function tests and abdominal imaging are the primary investigations done in relation to liver involvement in COVID-19 patients. However, imaging findings are nonspecific. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA has been found in liver biopsies. However, there is limited place for liver biopsy in the clinical context, as it does not influence management. Although, the management is supportive in the majority of patients without previous liver disease, special emphasis is needed in those with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis B and C infections, and alcoholic liver disease, and in liver transplant recipients.
Similarity among eucalyptus planted areas based on leaf-cutting ant nest sizes
Authors: Jacobovitz Daniela Maria Lemos Barbato , Andrade Joissy Mayara de Almeida , De Groote Jean-Jacques Georges Soares
Published: February 2022

Techniques for leaf-cutting ant control have been investigated in literature due to the importance of the damage they cause to agriculture. Plantations with large territorial extensions, which can be contiguous or not, are usually subdivided into local administration to collect data to determine the frequencies and area occupied by ant nests. The objective of this work was to build a relationship of similarities among different geographical regions using the frequency data and size of nests by applying Information Bottleneck method and principal component analysis. The approach was applied to data of leaf-cutting ants of the genus Atta in cultivated Eucalyptus spp. forests in São Paulo State, Brazil. The results showed similar regions that are not geographically close, regarding the occurrence of nests. With this information, administrators will be able to coordinate more precisely the allocation of bait, material and workers in regions with vast territories, avoiding resources waste.
Deposição, decomposição e conteúdo de nutrientes de serapilheira em área de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta na região do Cerrado
Authors: Ribeiro Fabiana Piontekowski , Pulrolnik Karina , Vilela Lourival , Gatto Alcides
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a deposição, decomposição e os teores de nutrientes da serapilheira em área de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF), na Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, DF. Foram instalados coletores de serapilheira, e foram utilizados litterbags para avaliação da decomposição. Os coletores e os litterbags foram alocados entre árvores e entre renques. Em cada litterbag foram adicionados 20 g de serapilheira de eucalipto. As amostras de serapilheira de deposição e da decomposição foram secas e encaminhadas para laboratório, para análise de macronutrientes. A produção total de serapilheira foi de 9.394,2 kg ha-1 entre árvores e 3.726,4 kg ha-1 entre renques. A precipitação pluvial influenciou marcadamente a decomposição da serapilheira foliar. As taxas de decomposição foram similares para ambas posições, e o tempo de meia vida da decomposição em curto período e recalcitrante foram, respectivamente, de 10 e 1.386 dias entre árvores e de 10 e 1.155 dias entre renques. Os conteúdos de nutrientes (N, P, K, S, Ca e Mg) da serapilheira foram superiores na posição entre árvores. Desses, o Ca e o N foram os que apresentaram maiores conteúdos no processo de deposição e decomposição, independentemente da posição.
Art-Secured Lending: Obstacles and Proposed Solutions
Authors: Giardini Giuditta
Published: February 2022

Taking up the appeal of lenders around the world, this article shows that there is an opportunity to internationally and uniformly regulate art-financing. The research contributes to the debate by presenting recent evolutions of the art-financing industry from both the financial and legal perspectives. The article provides an overview of the art-secured lending market, focusing firstly on financial issues that hinder the practice and the proposed solutions to them; and secondly on legal issues. Despite the financial difficulties faced by service providers, including determining the estimated return of a work of art after two years from the issuance of the loan, scholars and market players have successfully teamed up to solve some urgent financial issues. Departing from recent literature that analyses art-financing exclusively from a financial standpoint, this paper also considers art-financing from a legal perspective, presenting two case studies and two different legal systems. The jurisprudence of both U.S. and selected European courts on point is employed to highlight the advantages and drawbacks of art-secured lending. Finally, the article advocates the creation of an international register of collateralized art goods to encourage international secured transactions involving art works.
The Import of Cultural Goods under EU and Greek Law – A Critical Outlook
Authors: Sarapani Stella
Published: February 2022

In recent decades, there have been many offences against world cultural heritage by terrorist entities aimed not only at damaging the historical past and cultural identity of specific nations, but also at financing their activities through the sale of cultural objects. The European Union (EU) countries have often been the recipients of such cultural goods from conflict-ridden territories. For this reason, the EU has gradually adopted a set of legal measures aimed at reducing the flow of illegal cultural goods from third countries into its territory. Focusing on the North-Eastern Mediterranean boundaries of the EU for geopolitical reasons, this article examines the EU’s legal measures regarding the import of cultural goods from third countries from the perspective of Greece in order to investigate whether the new regulatory measures could be effective in this particular Member State. On one hand this article examines EU Regulation No. 1210/2003, Regulation No. 1332/2013, and Regulation No. 2019/880; and on the other it analyses Article 33 of the Greek Law 3028/2002 regarding the import of cultural goods. As regards the latter, this approach includes not only the law itself but also cases generated under it, its legislative history where applicable, and commentaries and literature on the law that will enable the measurement of the effectiveness of the new measures in Greece. Comparisons are also made herein, albeit to a lesser extent and mainly between the EU import rules and the relevant national rules, as the effects of EU law upon Greek law are yet to be identified.