bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TRAINING OF PERSONNEL FOR THE SOVIET PARTY SERVICE IN THE OREL PROVINCE IN 1921–1928
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, LIVTSOV V.A. , SARAN A.Y. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the evolution of the system of training and retraining of professional personnel for public service in the Orel province in 1921-1928. The province during this period, along with all the national processes related to the NEP, was also experiencing its own stage of regional history. In 1920, four of its 12 counties were separated to create the Bryansk province, which significantly reduced its economic potential and deprived some of the managerial personnel who moved to the new province. In 1928 The history of the Orel province has ended, since its territory became part of the newly formed Central Chernozem region. The chronological framework of 1921-1928 limits the period of NEP in the country as a whole and the last period in the history of the Orel province, in particular. Professional training of party and state cadres was conducted at the Orel Provincial Soviet Party School named after V.I. Lenin, where the cadets studied for two years, graduates could be appointed to various positions in the system of party and state administration, also on the basis of the school, professional development was carried out by employees of various organizations. Studying the history of the school allows you to reproduce in detail the system of training Soviet and party personnel workers, to see the process of formation of the regional elite, as well as to recreate the collective image of a regional official of the Orel province of the 1920s.
SOME ISSUES OF THE ACTIVITIES OF EXECUTIVE STATE BODIES OF SPECIAL COMPETENCE IN THE SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S.Turgenev, BORISOV A.S. , ZHILYAEVA A.M. ,   Orel State University named after I.S.Turgenev
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the features of the structure of executive state bodies of special competence in a number of subjects of the Russian Federation. The shortcomings of the structure of these state authorities in the Orel region are identified, proposals are made to improve the activities of state executive bodies of special competence. The coronavirus pandemic has significantly affected the activities of government agencies. The article examines some of the decisions made by these bodies in the conditions of corona-virus infection. As a result, problematic aspects of the activities of executive state bodies of special compe-tence in the Orel were identified. Today, there is a problem of personnel costs, and the need to unite some departments into a single state body of special competence has been identified.
FUNCTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS IN THE SPHERE OF STATE ADMIN-ISTRATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors:   Orel Law Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, VYKHODOV А.А.
Published: October 2022

The article analyzes the organization of centralized management of internal affairs of the Russian Empire through the establishment of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1802. Having characterized the structure of this institution and the evolution of its competence in the first half of the XIX century, the authors emphasize the need to move away from its dogmatic characterization as an exclusively central governing body of city and county police institutions in the state. The main changes in the competence of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire during the period under review are considered. Based on the analysis of the legislation of the Russian Empire of the XIX century and the domestic legal science, the conclusion formulated that it not only changed its historical purpose, composition and structure, managed various spheres of the state's life, but also received a short experience in managing the bodies of the political (higher) police. The conducted research demonstrates the relevance of further re-search on the effectiveness of the organization of internal affairs management in the Russian Empire.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DAMAGE CAUSED TO THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF CRIMEA
Authors:   Crimean Federal  University named after V.I. Vernadsky, GONCHAROV A.V.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the remained insufficiently studied activities of the Crimean Republican Extraordinary Commission for the identification and investigation of atrocities committed Nazi invaders and the damage they caused to citizens, collective farms, public organizations, state enterprises and institutions of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, which worked from 20th of April to May 1945. The article is based mainly on archival sources from the funds of this organization – State Archive of Russian Federation (SARF F. R-7021) and (SARC. F. R–1289), stored in the State Archive of the Republic of Crimea.
FROM THE EMPEROR NICHOLAS II LAND TO THE SEVERNAYA ZEMLYA: TO THE HISTORY OF THE NAME OF ONE GEOGRAPHIVAL DISCOVERY
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, GAGKUEV R.G. , RESHETNIKOV S.V. ,   Center for Military History of Russia, Institute of Russian History Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2022

The issue of the toponymy of the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago (until 1926 – the Land of Emperor Nicholas II) located in the Arctic Ocean is relatively poorly covered in Russian Arctic historiography. This topic is gaining particular relevance now, when Russia confirms the rights to sovereign ownership not only of Severnaya Zemlya, but also of the entire water area of the Arctic zone, on the eve of the launch of regular flights to transport goods between Vladivostok and St. Petersburg along the Northern Sea Route. The history of the name of the archipelago and the islands adjacent to it is one of the unique examples in terms of its toponymic politicization among all geographical objects in the world discovered in the 20 th century. The main reason for this was the discovery of these lands in the Arctic at the end of historical eras, on the eve of the beginning of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917. The publication was carried out with the financial support of the All-Russian public organization «Russian Geographical Society». The project «B.A. Vilkitsky. Hydrographic expedition 1914–1915 and the opening of the Northern Sea Route».
THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUMMER RECREATION SYSTEM FOR CHILDREN IN THE 30 OF THE XX CENTURY IN THE SOVIET UNION
Authors:   Oryol State Institute of Culture, ORLOVA L.N. , TSYGANKOVA E.A. ,   Orel State Institute of Culture, Director of the municipal budgetary institution of additional education «Children's Art School named after M.A. Balakirev»
Published: October 2022

This article examines the history of the development of the system of summer recreation for children in the 30s of the XX century in the Soviet Union as one of the activities of the Komsomol and the pioneer organization. The analysis of decisions and resolutions of congresses and conferences of the Komsomol is given, the regional experience of work in this area is considered. The author comes to the conclusion that it was in the thirties that the approaches to the summer health campaign were formulated, which are still relevant today: the basics of the preparation of the trip, the equipment of the camp, the daily routine, the organ-ization of public life, the financing of camp shifts, methodological support, the selection and training of personnel.
THE AGASHERA WAR BETWEEN MALI AND BURKINA FASO IN 1985: RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Authors:   Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, COULIBALY A. Ch.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to identify the features of the course of action and the results of the Agasher war between Mali and Burkina Faso in 1985. The author outlined the causes of the Agasher war between the Republic of Mali and the Republic of Burkina Faso in 1985 based on research methods such as observation and comparison. The author analyzes the intentions of the parties, gives a comparative characteristic of the forces and means used by the opponents. As a result of the research, the authors evaluates the effectiveness of the forms and methods of military operations used during the conflict, presents the military-political results of the conflict and examines post-conflict settlement activities.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY IN THE VIEW OF BRITISH CONTEMPORARIES
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, GELLA T.N.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the British socio-cultural perception of Russia and the domestic political life of Russians in the early 1960s of the 19th centuries and to clarify the specifics of the British mentality. The author draws attention to the fact that the Russian and British empires were one of the main actors in the international arena in the 19th century. Much attention is given to the relationship between the two powers that was quite complex. A special attention is paid to the analysis of allied relations during the Napoleonic Wars from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1850s.They were replaced by a confrontation between the two sides within the aggravated Eastern Question, which ended with the Crimean War (1853-1856). As a result, the author draws conclusions that the British have always been interested in Russia, its history, domestic and foreign policy especially after the end of the war and the accession of the new Emperor Alexander II. His reform policy and Russian public attitude to it were the center of British public attention All this were the top stories on the pages of British newspapers which generated anti-Russian sen-timents and image of Russia in the British society.
ABDUCTION OF THE POPULATION FROM THE TEMPORARILY OCCUPIED TERRITORIES OF OREL REGION TO GERMANY IN 1941-1943
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, branch of RANEPA, LIVTSOV V.A. , SARAN A.Y. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2022

Much attention is given to abduction of the population as one of the components of the policy of genocide. The authors draw attention to the fact that a significant part of the residents of Orel region were forcibly displaced both on the territory of Orel region and beyond its borders within the borders of the Soviet Union – to Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic States, and abroad – to Germany, Italy, France, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania. The conditions of involuntarily deportation and the regime of detention of displaced persons endangered their life and health. The authors cite the testimony of survivors, as well as materials collected by the Extraordinary State Com-missions of inquiry the atrocities of the Nazi invaders and the damage caused to civilians. The Extraordi-nary State Commissions were created immediately after the liberation of the occupied territories of Orel regions in rural councils, districts and the regional center. As a result, the authors draw conclusions that the work of the Extraordinary State Commissions continued for several years. The results of their work on collecting, documenting and making public information are summarized. It stressed that the constant updating of data and the change of figures in the generalized results is not a contradiction.
THE HISTORY OF THE POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC STRUGGLE BETWEEN THE USSR AND JAPAN OVER THE OWNERSHIP OF THE SOUTHERN KURILES IN THE 20th CENTURY
Authors:   Russian Federation Security Guard Service Federal Academy, KICHAEV P.А. , TSYBAKOVA O.V. ,   Oryol Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V.V. Lukyanov
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the problem of territorial and political demarcation between Russia and Japan, as well as to consider the chronology of the diplomatic struggle over the ownership of the Southern Kuriles during the second half of the 20th century. Much attention is given to the reasons and prerequisites for the evolution of the positions taken by the parties on the implementation of various options for resolving the issue of sovereignty over the Kuril Islands. General scientific and special research methods such as historical, systemic and comparative legal analysis are used. As a result, the author draws conclusions that Japanese demands for transfering the southern part of the Kuril Islands should be recognized as one of the first attempts to revise the results of the Second World War in the 20th century.
THE SECURITY OF NICHOLAS II DURING THE TRIP TO NIZHNY NOVGOROD IN 1913
Authors:   Russian Federation Security Guard Service Federal Academy, GREBENKIN A.N.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article to analyze of the plans for security measures to ensure the safety of Nicholas II and his family members during their stay in Nizhny Novgorod and while traveling to Kostroma in May 1913. The author draws attention to the fact that this trip was undertaken as part of the jubilee celebrations in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty. It is stressed that the actuality of this research lies in the fact that the development of the Security Guard Service in modern Russia needs to rely on historical experience. The author emphasizes that the search for optimal forms and methods of implementing of the state protection function makes to turn to previously developed methods. Much attention is given to the methods used in planning and conducting large-scale security measures. The accumulated experience of planning and conducting the jubilee celebrations in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty is of great importance. The study is based on unpublished materials from the collections of the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Russian State Historical Archive. As a result, the author draws conclusions that the successful implementation of the jubilee celebration program in Nizhny Novgorod was ensured mainly due to the careful preparation of security measures. It included the advance development of a security plan, the separation of powers between individual units, the setting of specific tasks to responsible officials, and the implementation of a large set of preliminary security measures in places of the highest visit.
FUNCTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS IN THE SPHERE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   Orel Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation named after V.V. Lukyanov, VYKHODOV А.А.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the management system of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the second half of the 19th century. Much attention is given to an analysis of the Legislation of the Russian Empire during the specified period and the national historical science. The fea-tures of the powers and functioning of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire and the general police from the end of the reign of Nicholas I to the 1862 police reform of Alexander II are determined. The author emphasizes the dependence of the ongoing transformations on the results of the Crimean War. The general necessity of preparation and implementation of the peasant reform in the state is revealed. The article draws attention to the transfer to the direct management of the Ministry of the territory of the Small and the Internal Kyrgyz Hordes, the expansion of the competence of the general police, the preparation and implementation of the 1892 police reform, as well as the objectives of the established police courts. As a result, the author draws conclusions about changes in the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire and the general police. The main trends in the state approach to the management of internal affairs at the beginning of the second half of the 19th century are formulated.
ADMINISTRATIVE-TERRITORIAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE CITY OF NOVOSIL AND NOVOSILSKY DISTRICT DURING THE PROVINCIAL REFORMS OF THE 18th CENTURY
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA, POLUKHIN O.V.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the features of the administrative-territorial transformation of Novosilsky district and the city of Novosil in the 18th century, the future subjects of Tula province, which is currently a part of modern Oryol oblast. Much attention is given to the history of the city of Novosil and its county as administrative-territorial units in the provincial system of the state. The author emphasizes that various rulers carried out some administrative-territorial reforms in the internal policy of the state throughout the 18th century. The provin-cial reform of Peter I was the beginning of these transformations in 1708. The state was divided into 8 provinces. During this stage, a two-level system of administrative-territorial division was created: province-share. The second stage of the provincial reform was carried out in 1719. A three-level system of administrative-territorial division was created: province-province-district. The latter was replaced by a county in 1727. Catherine II began to carry out the provincial reform after the publication of the «Institutions for the Administration of Provinces» in 1775. It had a disaggregating nature. 50 provinces were formed. Governorships consisting of several provinces were approved. After Paul I accession, administrative-territorial transformations were continued in the state. The reform eliminated governorships and the number of provinces was reduced from 50 to 41. As a result, based on the study of the history of the developing of the city of Novosil and its county, the author draws conclusions about the reasons for these transformations.
DISCUSSIONS ON THE PREREQUISITES AND THE RESULTS OF THE FORMATION OF THE MODERN MODEL OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL RELATIONS IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, SHIKHER N.D.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to study the problem of choosing a model of state-confessional relations that is relevant for modern Russia. It is stressed that this issue is of interest and heated discussions in the scientific community. Much attention is given to three models proposed by researchers: separation, cooperation (differentiated type) or identification (priority of the Russian Orthodox Church). The supporters of the separation model testify to the parallel and independent coexistence of the state and religious associations, appealing to the constitutional principle of secularism. The supporters of the cooperative model talk about the orientation of the state towards interaction with traditional confessions and argue about the need for legislative differentiation of religious associations based on traditions. Finally, apologists for the identification model believe that the model of the primacy of the Russian Orthodox Church is historically and politically closer to Russia. The author emphasizes that a special hybrid model of state-confessional relations has developed in Russia, which can be characterized as preferential-cooperative. Its cooperative nature is connected with the constitutional principles of secularism and equality of religious associations, as well as with the political course of the current government towards cooperation with traditional religious associations. As a result, the author draws conclusions that the preferential nature is due to the public loyalty of the political elite to the Russian Orthodox Church, state support for the activities of the World Russian People's Council, the national and cultural self-identification of society with the Orthodox tradition.
PREPARATION AND CONDUCTION OF THE ALL-UNION POPULATION CENSUS OF 1939 ON THE TERRITORY OF VOLGA-VYATKA REGION
Authors:   Leading Research Officer, Institute for Demographic Research – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, CHERNYSHEVA N.V.
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to analyze the preparation and conduction of the All-Union population census of 1939 on the territory of Volga-Vyatka region. Much attention is given to the tasks of the census and analysis of its stages: preparatory, main and final. The features of the preparation of the census of Volga-Vyatka region are highlighted, and its conduction is also analyzed. As a result, the author draws conclusions that there are certain difficulties in the preparation and conduction of the census: language, personnel, and those associated with the peculiarities of the settlement. The level of organization and conduction of the census, the presence of published and unpublished information about the population of VolgaVyatka region in the prewar years are indicated.
Understanding dive behavior of artisanal fishermen divers of the Yucatán Peninsula
Authors:   UCLA Radiation Oncology, Los Angeles, California U.S., Chin Walter , Huchim-Lara Oswaldo ,   Universidad Marista de Mérida, Periférico Norte, Mérida, Yucatán, México, Ramachandran Mokhshan ,   UCLA Health, Los Angeles, California U.S., Endo Brandon ,   UCLA Emergency Medicine, Los Angeles, California U.S., Sprau Susan ,   UCLA Hyperbaric Medicine, Northridge, California U.S.
Published: October 2022

Introduction/Background: Artisanal fishermen dive for sustenance. The lifetime prevalence of decompression sickness (DCS) in this population is alarmingly high. We wanted to understand the level of decompression stress fishermen in this region of the Yucatán experience in their daily fishing effort. We used a mathematical model to quantify nitrogen-loading in a nine-tissue compartment model. Materials and methods: Approved by the UCLA IRB 2#13-000532, this study was conducted during fishing seasons 2012 through 2017. Diving fishermen were instructed to attach dive recorders to their waists every fishing day during the study period. Sensus Ultra dive recorders (ReefNet Inc.), with an accuracy of ± 1 foot of ;seawater (fsw), 0.304 meters, and an activation depth of 10 fsw, 3.04 meters, were used to record dive parameters. Sampling interval was set to 10 seconds. A program in RStudio was created to extract the dive profiles of each fishing day and curtail into single-line outputs: pressure, time, date, start of dive and end of dive. An exponential decay formula was used to calculate the nitrogen-loading pressures for nine theoretical tissue compartments. Final nitrogen pressure, controlling compartments, decompression stop and time at stop were calculated. Results: Fishermen completed 4,961 dives over 1,758 diving days during the study period. The 40-minute compartment controlled most of the dives. The 80-minute compartment controlled 5%-20% of dives two through five. Decompression stop times for the last dive ranged from one minute to 190 minutes. Most of the required stop time observed was seen at depths of 1-15 fsw.
The use of indocyanine green fluorescence angiography to assess perfusion of chronic wounds undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Authors:   Dept. of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Northwell Health,  Lake Success, New York U.S., Kim Dong U. , Rao Amit ,   Dept. of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Northwell Health,  Lake Success, New York U.S., Kaplan Sally ,   Dept. of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Northwell Health,  Lake Success, New York U.S., Baksh Farisha ,   Dept. of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Northwell Health,  Lake Success, New York U.S., Caprioli Russell ,   Dept. of Surgery/Podiatry Section, Northwell Health (LIJMC), New Hyde Park, New York U.S., Haight John ,   Dept. of Surgery/Podiatry Section, Northwell Health (LIJMC), New Hyde Park, New York U.S., Ferguson Raymond G. ,   Dept. of Surgery/Podiatry Section, Northwell Health (NSUH), Manhasset, New York U.S., Pliskin Michael ,   Dept. of Surgery/Podiatry Section, Northwell Health (NSUH), Manhasset, New York U.S., Oropallo Alisha ,   Dept. of Surgery, Comprehensive Wound Healing Center and Hyperbarics, Northwell Health,  Lake Success, New York U.S.,   Dept. of Vascular Surgery, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York U.S.
Published: October 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the utility of using indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (IGFA) in assessing perfusion of chronic wounds after hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy. Method: From May 2016 to January 2018, 26 patients underwent both HBO2 and IGFA. A near-infrared charge- coupled camera measured the flow of intravenous indo- cyanine green into the wound. IGFA was done pre-HBO2, after approximately 10 HBO2 sessions, and upon completion of HBO2. The ingress rate at baseline, mid-therapy and post-HBO2 values were compared using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 26 chronic wounds were identified. Baseline median ingress rate was 0.90 units/second (IQR: 0.28 to 6.10). Median ingress rate after approximately of 10 HBO2 sessions was 2.45 units/sec (IQR: 0.48 to 6.35). Six of 11 patients, however, exhibited a decrease in ingress rate from baseline to mid-therapy. Finally, median ingress rate post-HBO2 was 3.70 units/second (IQR: 0.30 to 9.90). Median increase in ingress and rate from baseline to mid-HBO2 treatment 0.30 units/second (IQR: -0.25 to 3.10) and from mid- to post-HBO2 was -0.40 units/second (IQR: -1.50 to 2.60). Conclusion: This preliminary study shows capability of IGFA to detect changes in blood flow to wounds following HBO2 therapy. Results support the use of IGFA to evaluate the changes in perfusion of patients undergoing HBO2 for chronic wounds. A larger sample size may help clarify the benefit of IGFA to predict potential for wound healing.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy decreases QTc dispersion that increased in CO poisoning
Authors:   Department of Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey, Bağlı Bekir Selim , Aygün Hüseyin ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
Published: October 2022

Myocardial injury is a frequent consequence of moderate to severe CO (carbon monoxide) poisoning and a significant predictor of mortality in CO injury. Electrocardiography (ECG) is an easily accessible diagnostic tool for evaluating myocardial damage. Increased QT interval and QT dispersion are related to heterogeneity of regional ventricular repolarization and can develop into arrhythmias. It has been reported that QT interval and QT dispersion increase in patients with CO poisoning. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy has been used successfully in treating patients with CO poisoning. The aim of this study was to investigate change of corrected QT (QTc) interval and QTc dispersion after HBO2 therapy. This study included 31 patients with CO poisoning. QTc dispersion increased in patients with CO poisoning. The mean QTc dispersion was 54.94 milliseconds (ms) on admission. The mean QTc dispersion decreased to 35.74 ms after HBO2 therapy (P=0.003). There was also a correlation between carboxyhemoglobin level and QTc dispersion (P=0.029). HBO2 therapy, which decreases QTc dispersion, may improve the myocardial electrical homogeneity and reduce the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac death. Physicians should be aware of the effect of HBO2 therapy on myocardial damage when treating patients with CO poisoning. The ECGs should be examined carefully before referring or excluding HBO2 therapy.
Underwater nasal decongestant use: a novel approach to middle ear equalization
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida U.S., Covington Derek , Pitkin Andrew
Published: October 2022

Middle ear barotrauma is the most common diving-related injury. It is estimated to occur in more than 50% of ex- perienced divers. Although divers learn how to effectively equalize their ears with various maneuvers, airway congestion may impede the ability to equalize the middle ear space via the Eustachian tube. In this case, one may have to avoid diving or abort a dive due to inability to descend. If difficulty with middle ear equalization occurs during the bottom phase of the dive, which may transpire during a multilevel cave or wreck dive, a diver may need to descend before he can exit the water. In this case, it is imperative that the middle ear can be equalized, or one risks middle ear barotrauma, tympanic membrane rupture, possible accrual of decompression and dwindling breathing gas reserves. A 46-year-old diver encountered difficulty with equalization during a cave dive and was able to administer oxymetazoline intranasally to facilitate middle ear equalization. Although effective for this individual, this maneuver is not without risks, which include disorientation, loss of buoyancy, coughing, sneezing, laryngospasm, and a theoretical increased susceptibility to CNS oxygen toxicity.
The panic triangle: onset of panic in scuba divers
Authors:   University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, Walton Laura
Published: October 2022

Panic arising from physical or psychological stress is a common issue in reported incidents and accidents in scuba diving. Due to its effect on perception, thinking and diver behavior, the panic reaction is often a significant factor in the generation or escalation of problems, potentially leading to injuries and fatalities. The instinctive behaviors associated with panic are incompatible with the constraints of scuba diving (e.g., flight response to threat, leading to rapid ascent). Although the dangers are well-known, the psychological mechanisms of panic and the implications for prevention/risk reduction are not sufficiently highlighted to recreational divers. In applied psychology, there are grounded theoretical models which describe the onset and maintenance of anxiety and panic, and an evidence base for approaches to anxiety management. For example, these models are used within structured psychological approaches for people experiencing anxiety disorders; and panic attacks are resolvable. Based on these models and underlying theory, this article proposes a new, accessible model for panic in divers. The potential uses of the model are to: (1) provide a simple framework for divers to understand the onset of panic; (2) promote the need for adequate training; (3) describe the importance of staying within training standards, qualifications and personal limitations; (4) support diver and dive educator understanding of individual factors in panic reactions (e.g. psychiatric conditions) placing greater emphasis on psychological fitness to dive; and (5) draw attention to approaches to improved regulation of emotion and promote individual responsibility.
Fatty acids and sphingolipids profile in the blood plasma of experienced divers in response to hyperbaric exposure
Authors:   Regional Blood Transfusion Center in Białystok, Białystok, 23 Sklodowskiej Str., 15-950 Bialystok, Poland, Chabowska Anna Małgorzata , Boczkowska-Radziwon Barbara ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Center in Białystok, Białystok, 23 Sklodowskiej Str., 15-950 Bialystok, Poland, Lukaszuk Bartlomiej ,   Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza Str., 15-222 Białystok, Poland, Lipska Alina ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Center in Białystok, Białystok, 23 Sklodowskiej Str., 15-950 Bialystok, Poland, Chabowski Adrian ,   Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza Str., 15-222 Białystok, Poland, Kaczerska Dorota ,   Faculty of Clinical Nutrition, Bydgoszcz Higher School of Education, Bydgoszcz, Poland, Siermontowski Piotr ,   Department of Underwater Works Technology, Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia, 69 Smidowicza Str.,  81-127 Gdynia, Poland, Radziwon Piotr ,   Regional Blood Transfusion Center in Białystok, Białystok, 23 Sklodowskiej Str., 15-950 Bialystok, Poland,   Department of Haematology, Medical University of Bialystok, 24 Sklodowskiej Str., 15-276 Białystok, Poland
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hyperbaric exposure mimics air-breathing scuba diving, which is reaching enormous popularity around the world. The diver’s body is subjected to a broad range of divergent effects exerted by, e.g.: an increased partial pressure of inert gases, microclotting, oxidative stress and/or production of gas bubbles. However, very little is known regarding the impact of hyperbaric exposure on plasma fatty acids content and composition, together with the body’s sphingolipids profile. Material and Methods: The aim of this study was to investigate the contents of major fatty acids present in the plasma as well as sphingolipids, namely: sphingosine (SPH); sphingosine1-phosphate (S1P); sphinganine (SPA); and ceramide (CER), after hyperbaric exposure corresponding to dives conducted to the depths of 30 and 60 meters of seawater. For the plasma lipids measurements, high-performance liquid chromatography together with gas-liquid chromatography were applied. Results: We demonstrated that hyperbaric exposure does not affect the content and composition of plasma fatty acids of experienced divers. Similarly, the amounts of major sphingolipids fractions were not influenced, as only the content of sphingosine-1-phosphate in the plasma was significantly decreased. Conclusions: Observed lack of significant changes in plasma lipid profile after hyperbaric exposure suggests that the procedure might be considered as secure. However, decreased sphingosine-1- phosphate content in the plasma might possibly exert some adverse effects.
The cost of decompression illness: the case of lobster and sea cucumber fishery in Yucatan, Mexico
Authors:   Universidad Marista de Mérida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941 Carretera Mérida - Progreso.  C.P. 97300 Mérida Yucatán, México, Huchim-Lara Oswaldo , Hernández-Flores Alvaro ,   Universidad Marista de Mérida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941 Carretera Mérida - Progreso.  C.P. 97300 Mérida Yucatán, México, Villanueva-Poot Raúl ,   Universidad Marista de Mérida, Periférico Norte Tablaje Catastral 13941 Carretera Mérida - Progreso.  C.P. 97300 Mérida Yucatán, México, Eduardo Eduardo ,   International Hospital, Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Calle 5 Sur 21B, Centro, 77600 San Miguel de Cozumel,  Quintana Roo, México
Published: October 2022

Diving fisheries are an important source of income and protein for many coastal communities around the world. However, these fisheries are also the cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries. The aim of this study is to estimate the costs of decompression sickness (DCS) in the diving small-scale fisheries that target benthic resources in the Yucatan, Mexico. The DCS cases that occurred during three fishing seasons for sea cucumber (Isostichopus badionotus) and one for spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) were used to calculate the direct medical costs. The catch data during the same fishing seasons were used to calculate the potential losses caused by disability as indirect costs. In the three years (from 2013 to 2016) the total number of fishermen treated in the region numbered 282; 116 during lobster fishing and 166 during sea cucumber season. The direct medical costs were estimated to be USD $120,269; the temporary loss of income in USD $724,377; and the permanent loss of income was USD $737,053. Considering the direct and indirect costs, the social costs of diving in both small-scale fisheries was USD $1,614,121. This is a first approach to estimate the cost of the use of diving in fisheries for the health services but for the fishing communities as well. Furthermore, this is an important first step on the road to a full economic evaluation of the benthic fisheries in order to improve their management.
PROJETOS DE INCENTIVO E PERMANÊNCIA DE MULHERES EM ÁREAS DA STEM
Authors: Junges Débora de Lima Velho , Rosa Lucas Pereira da , Grocinotti Valéria Gislaine
Published: October 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa que procurou mapear iniciativas brasileiras que incentivam as mulheres na STEM e apresentar suas principais características a fim de explorar as potencialidades do impacto em âmbito educacional, em especial no ensino superior. A fundamentação teórica utilizada no estudo é vinculada às discussões pertinentes à inserção e permanência de mulheres em áreas da STEM. No que se refere à metodologia, ela se constituiu em um mapeamento sistemático de projetos, programas e iniciativas inseridas na temática de escopo desta pesquisa e que estavam ativas no primeiro trimestre de 2022. Os principais resultados do estudo apontam duas categorias predominantes: a primeira relacionada às iniciativas que são descritas como projetos de extensão e a segunda a respeito de iniciativas que buscam promover a imagem das mulheres em carreiras STEM pela divulgação em mídias sociais.
A CISGENERIDADE EM NEGAÇÃO: APRESENTANDO O CONCEITO DE OFENSA DA NOMEAÇÃO
Authors: Pfeil Bruno Latini , Pfeil Cello Latini
Published: October 2022

Neste artigo, temos como objetivo analisar o que denominamos de “ofensa da nomeação”, remetendo ao conjunto de mecanismos utilizados pela cisgeneridade para negar sua localização social cisgênera. Ao contrário das terminologias voltadas à transgeneridade, que surgiram ao final do século XIX e ganharam força na década de 1960, o conceito de cisgeneridade surgiu somente nas últimas décadas do século passado, e tem ganhado força recentemente. Se a transgeneridade foi nomeada por pessoas cisgêneras em uma ótica de patologização e com aportes institucionais acadêmicos, a cisgeneridade foi nomeada por pessoas trans por uma lente crítica e de oposição às normas de gênero da modernidade/colonialidade; é um conceito criado no seio de movimentos sociais, fora da academia. Percebe-se uma diferença concreta entre os discursos de pessoas trans e os de pessoas cis sobre seus pertencimentos sociais, remetendo-nos à recusa, por parte de pessoas cis, em reconhecerem sua cisgeneridade. Desse modo, procuramos investigar os obstáculos que perpassam a aplicação e o reconhecimento do conceito de cisgeneridade por pessoas cisgêneras, especialmente no meio acadêmico, que é o território de nossa pesquisa.
Orientações de proteção radiológica pós-terapia para pacientes submetidos à radioiodoterapia: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Cagol Camozzato Tatiane Sabriela , Ejidike Adaobi Bianca , Oliveira Pires Luciana , Dorrow Patrícia Fernanda
Published: October 2022

Resumo

A Radioiodoterapia é um método terapêutico que de forma eficaz utiliza o NaI-131 no tratamento de doenças benignas. Este radiofármaco possui meia-vida de 8,02 dias, para este período ao paciente e a seus familiares devem ser disponibilizadas orientações que mantenham a dose do público inferior aos limites recomendados. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar onde, de que forma e em qual direção ocorrem as publicações direcionadas ao período de isolamento domiciliar para pacientes submetidos à radioiodoterapia. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa na base de dados SCOPUS com as palavras-chave. Foi realizada a leitura dos resumos e posterior classificação de acordo com o tema e disponibilidade do texto na íntegra. Foram listados 45 artigos destes 26 foram elegíveis, com origem predominantemente dos Estados Unidos (7), China, Irã e Reino Unido, 7 (3 cada), tendo a maior parte das publicações ocorrido nos anos de 2014 (4) e 2006 (3). É unânime a opinião de que as instruções existentes se corretamente seguidas são suficientes para manter o público em segurança. Quanto à direção, a grande maioria se destina a medir e avaliar a exposição dos familiares no ambiente doméstico. A questão mais discutida é a formulação de orientações a partir de taxas de dose instantânea ou retenção de iodo, considerando os interesses ou as condições socioeconômicas de cada paciente e os estudos que confrontam o valor da dose recebida por familiares mediante uso de dosímetro.
Qual o papel da ultrassonografia pulmonar point-of-care em pacientes infectados pelo covid-19?- uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Schittini Barreto Rafaela Ferreira , Barbosa de Matos Douglas Aparecido , De Vasconcelos Pedro Fonseca
Published: October 2022

Tendo em vista os diversos padrões de acometimento pulmonar encontrados nos pacientes infectados pelo Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19), o acompanhamento diário ou sequencial da evolução da imagem pulmonar é um dado fundamental no raciocínio e seguimento terapêutico de pacientes que atingem níveis de gravidade elevados (Síndrome do Desconforto Agudo Respiratório e necessidade de altas concentrações de oxigênio suplementar). Eis que o ultrassom pulmonar, já utilizado como modalidade diagnóstica bem estabelecida no conceito point-of-care da medicina de emergência e na terapia intensiva, assume um papel importante no contexto da pandemia pela doença do COVID-19, devido à boa correlação dos seus achados com a tomografia computadorizada e suas vantagens, como a possibilidade de realizá-lo à beira do leito sem necessidade de transporte para outro setor, baixo custo, ausência de radiação, além de permitir follow-up diário do acometimento pulmonar dos pacientes. Esse estudo trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, compreendendo artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2020, disponíveis nas bases de dados Scielo e PubMed, cujo objetivo é o de fornecer uma visão geral do papel da ultrassonografia pulmonar no diagnóstico, processo de tomada de decisão terapêutica e monitoramento da pneumonia COVID-19.
Os beneficios da hidroterapia em crianças com transtorno espectro autista (tea): revisão integrativa
Authors: Leite Ferreira Aline Steffani , Quariguasi Ferreira Johnathan Allyson
Published: October 2022

O transtorno espectro autista é definido como um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento, que se manifesta precoce durante a infância, ele é invasivo e abrange alterações rigorosas precocemente nas áreas de socialização, comunicação e cognição. A hidroterapia é um dos recursos mais antigos da fisioterapia, sendo definida e como o uso externo da água com propósitos terapêuticos, que é utilizada os efeitos físicos, fisiológicos e cinesiológicos, auxiliando na reabilitação ou na prevenção de alterações funcionais. A hidroterapia são de extrema importância para o desenvolvimento da criança com transtorno espectro autista, pois ela oferece grandes benefícios fisico, motor, força muscular, comportamento social, mental, segurança  e relação com a água. Além da autonomia individual que as crianças são constantemente instigadas para beneficiar a qualidade de vida. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar os benefícios da hidroterapia sendo utilizado como alternativa de tratamento em crianças com transtorno espectro autista. O presente estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, baseada na análise bibliográfica. Para coletas de dados foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de  dados científicas: PubMed e PEDro. Os descritores foram utilizados conforme os  Descritores em Ciências da Saúde - DeCS/MeSH. Dentre os artigos encontrados, foram inclusos artigos dos anos 2016 a 2021 nos idiomas inglês e português que abordassem o tema proposto. Apresentaram que a hidroterapia é capaz de promover uma melhora no aspecto físico, motor, força muscular, cognitivo, relação social e sócio-afetivo das crianças com transtorno espectro autista. Concluímos, assim, que a hidroterapia é de grande valia para promoção de uma vida de qualidade para essas crianças. Este estudo teve como finalidade investigar os benefícios da hidroterapia em crianças com transtorno espectro autista. Assim, essa revisão integrativa demonstrou a notável relevância das técnicas fisioterapêuticas e evidenciou sua aplicabilidade, indicando uma melhora significativa dos benefícios esses, que ultrapassam os âmbitos físico, motor, cognitivo e sócio-afetivo, e são capazes de melhorar significativamente a qualidade de vida das crianças com TEA
The elusive pathways behind montelukast's repurposing for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Marques Cátia , Marques M. Matilde , Justino Goncalo
Published: October 2022

Background and purpose: Montelukast, an antagonist of the cysteinyl
leukotrienes receptor 1, has been proposed for repurposing for the
treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease.
Clinical trials are ongoing but the mechanisms supporting this
repurposing are still poorly understood. Experimental Approach: Taking
advantage of proteomics datasets deposited in public repositories, data
from mouse brain and a neuronal chicken model exposed to the drug were
reinterpreted in view of the repurposing proposal. Key Results:
Montelukast increases the levels of presenilin 1, nicastrin, neprilysin,
and insulin-degrading enzyme, all of which are involved in the amyloid
aggregation and clearance processes. Hexokinase 1, malate and isocitrate
dehydrogenate enzymes, from central metabolism pathways, are also
affected. Conclusions and Implications: The data suggest that
montelukast is a modulator of the amyloid clearance process, favouring
the removal of aggregates and counterbalancing the overall amyloidogenic
process. Montelukast also acts on energy supply pathways, compensating
the ageing-associated decrease of the basal cell metabolism. Taken
together, these actions of montelukast clearly support its repurposing
as a candidate for Alzheimer’s disease management.
The effect of inflammation on voriconazole plasma trough concentrations in Chinese children and adolescent patients
Authors: Hu Lin , Qi Huang
Published: October 2022

AIMS The aim of this study was to explore whether inflammation,
reflected by the C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations affected the
VRC plasma concentration in hospitalized Chinese children and adolescent
patients. METHODS Medical records of inpatients were reviewed
retrospectively. A linear regression analysis was performed to assess
the relationship between CRP values and VRC plasma trough concentration.
RESULTS Fifth-nine patients aged 1-18 years were included. A total of 90
VRC trough concentrations were included in the linear regression. The
plasma trough concentration of VRC increased with the CRP concentration
(n=90, r=0.377, P<0.001). VRC trough concentrations in
patients with the group of moderate inflammation (3.09
(0.12~8.58); n=30) were significantly (P=0.011) higher
than the group of mild inflammation (1.53 (0.01~9.35);
n=60). There were no significant difference (P=0.865) in VRC trough
concentration between patients with the group of mild inflammation (≤40
mg/L, n=30) and moderate inflammation (41-200 mg/L, n=6) in patients
aged<12 years. VRC trough concentrations were significantly
higher (P=0.032) in patients with the group of moderate inflammation
(41-200 mg/L, n=24) compared to the group of mild inflammation (≤40
mg/L, n=30) in patients aged ≥12 years. When CRP concentration increased
1 mg/L, the VRC trough concentration increased by 0.010 mg/L and 0.009
mg/L in the unadjusted (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.005 to 0.016
mg/L) and adjusted (95% CI, 0.001 to 0.016 mg/L) linear regression
analyses, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation response appears to
provide an explanation for some of the variability in VRC exposure.