bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Humanistik Melalui Non Verbal Reinforcement ditinjau Dari Percaya Diri Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Siregar Veni , Suyadi Suyadi , Dian purnama Putri Ragil
Published: February 2022

Penggunaan metode pembelajaran yang kurang tepat dapat menyebabkan kepercayaan diri siswa didalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran menjadi rendah, sehingga diperlukan metode yang dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan humanistik melalui non verbal reinforcement ditinjau dari percaya diri siswa dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepercayaan diri siswa dalam pembelajaran, sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah siswa dan guru. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan teknik analisis data statistik deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil temuan penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa humanistik dengan melalui verbal reinforcement mampu memberikan dampak yang sangat baik terhadap siswa dalam pembelajaran. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan humanistik melalui non verbal reinforcement dinyatakan dapat berpengaruh terhadap percaya diri siswa dalam pembelajaran. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah siswa akan merasa nyaman saat belajar, merasa dihargai tidak adanya rasa perbedaan prilaku yang dilakukan guru terhadap siswa, siswa bebas dalam mengeskplorasi rasa keingintahuannya tanpa ada rasa ancaman
Pengembangan Aplikasi Daring Pembelajaran IPA Pada Pokok Bahasan Organ Gerak Manusia
Authors: Fitriani Ni Made Anggi , Negara I Gusti Agung
Published: February 2022

Terbatasnya media pembelajaran elektronik yang dapat digunakan guru dalam proses pembelaran IPA mengakibatkan proses pembelajaran kurang interaktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengembangan aplikasi daring pembelajaran IPA pada pokok bahasan organ gerak manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini adalah validitas aplikasi daring pembelajaran IPA pada pokok bahasan organ gerak manusia. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah menunjukkan aplikasi pembelajaran berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik dan tidak perlu direvisi (96,6%), hasil review ahli desain pembelajaranberada pada kualifikasi sangat baik dan tidak perlu direvisi (93,75%), hasil review ahli media pembelajaran berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik dan tidak perlu direvisi (90%), hasil uji perorangan berada pada kualifikasi sangat baik dan tidak perlu direvisi (90,53%), dan hasil uji kelompok kecil berada pada kualifikasi baik dan sedikit revisi (88,86%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi pembelajaran IPA dinyatakan valid. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu meningkatkan semangat dan motivasi belajar siswa, membuka wawasan guru, dan menambah koleksi media pembelajaran di sekolah.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran EFlashcard Pada Muatan Pelajaran IPA Kelas V
Authors: Putri Wangi I Dewa Ayu , Gede Angung Anak
Published: February 2022

Kurangnya penerapan media pembelajaran menyebabkan tujuan pembelajaran tidak dapat tercapai, sehingga perlu mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengembangan media pembelajaran E-Flashcard pada muatan pelajaran IPA. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian pengembangan yang menerapkan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini adalah validitas media pembelajaran E-Flashcard pada muatan pelajaran IPA. Pengumpulan data digunakan metode non tes berupa lembar kuesioner. Analisis data digunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa hasil uji ahli isi mata pelajaran diperoleh skor 100, hasil uji ahli desain pembelajaran diperoleh skor 80,00 dengan kategori baik, hasil uji ahli media pembelajaran diperoleh skor 89,33, hasil uji coba perorangan diperoleh skor 92,72, dan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh skor 92,00. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran E-Flashcard dinyatakan sangat layak untuk digunakan didalam pembelajaran IPA. Implikasi penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan motivasi belajar, memudahkan siswa memahami materi di masa pandemi covid-19, dan memudahkan guru menyampaikan materi pelajaran
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Daring Komik Virtual dalam Muatan Materi Gagasan Pokok dan Gagasan Pendukung Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Darmayanti Ni Kadek , Surya Abadi Ida Bagus
Published: February 2022

Kurangnya literasi siswa dan terbatasnya media pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia menjadi alasan utama penelitian ini dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengembangan media pembelajaran daring Komik Virtual dalam muatan materi gagasan pokok dan gagasan pendukung Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini adalah validitas media pembelajaran daring Komik Virtual dalam muatan materi gagasan pokok dan gagasan pendukung Bahasa Indonesia. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode non-tes dengan penyebaran instrumen kepada para ahli. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuisioner/angket. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran daring komik virtual berdasarkan hasil review ahli isi mata pelajaran memperoleh persentase 90,00%, ahli desain pembelajaran memperoleh persentase 92,00%, ahli media pembelajaran memperoleh pesentase 95,00%, dan hasil uji coba peorangan memperoleh persentase 92,35%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran daring Komik Virtual secara keseluruhan termasuk kedalam kategori sangat baik dan layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran muatan Bahasa Indonesia materi gagasan pokok dan gagasan pendukung. Implikasi dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah dapat digunakan oleh guru sebagai sumber belajar sehingga dapat meningkatkan minat siswa untuk belajar.
Joyful Learning Berbasis Picture Cards Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran IPS di Era New Normal
Authors: Arafat Siti , Pali Agustina
Published: February 2022

Paradigma pembelajaran yang masih berpusat pada guru berdampak pada rendahnya partisipasi siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Salah satu solusi yang dapat diterapkan adalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran inovatif yang merangsang minat belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis signifikasnsi peningkatan minat belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS melalui model Joyful Learning berbasis Picture Cards pada pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 21 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui interview, observasi, tes, dokumentasi, dan angket. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terjadi peningkatan minat belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 52,63% dan pada siklus II sebesar 68, 42%. Perolehan nilai rata-rata peningkatan minat belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 84, 21 dan nilai rata-rata peningkatan minat belajar siswa pada siklus II sebesar 91. Signifikansi peningkatan minat belajar siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II adalah 6,79 dan dapat diklasifikasikan dalam kategori sangat baik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pendekatan Joyful Learning berbasis Picture Cards dapat dijadikan metode alternatif dalam pembelajaran karena dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Karakter PPK Aspek Kemandirian Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu Siswa SD Kelas 4
Authors: Lestari Nia , Harjono Nyoto
Published: February 2022

Kesulitan yang dihadapi guru saat ini adalah mengukur keberhasilan pembelajaran karakter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan instrumen penilaian karakter PPK aspek kemandirian menggunakan Skala Likert pada pembelajaran tematik terpadu siswa SD kelas 4 yang layak untuk digunakan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research & Development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Jenis data yang digunakan merupakan data primer berupa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket.  Produk diujikan secara terbatas kepada 15 siswa kelas 4 yang berasal dari 3 sekolah berbeda. Data diolah menggunakan IBM SPSS 25 for Windows. Dari hasil uji terbatas diperoleh validitas dari 40 butir pernyataan yang diuji cobakan, 6 (15%) butir pernyataan memiliki tingkat validitas sangat tinggi, 25 (62,5%) katagori validitas tinggi, 6 (15%) katagori validitas cukup, 3 (7,5%) katagori validitas rendah, dan memiliki rata-rata rhitung sebesar 0,667 ≥ 0,20 maka instrumen dinyatakan valid. Reliabilitas instrumen memiliki alpha cronbach’s (α) sebesar 0.965 dengan kriteria sangat reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa instrumen penilaian karakter PPK aspek kemandirian pada pembelajaran tematik terpadu SD kelas 4 layak untuk digunakan. Implikasi penelitian ini yaitu instrumen yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk mengukur pembelajaran karakter.
Instrumen Penilaian Perseptual Motorik Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran SBdP SD
Authors: Purwaningrat Ketut , Antara Putu , Suarjana I Made
Published: February 2022

Belum adanya instrumen penilaian perseptual motorik yang layak dalam menilai proses pembelajaran SBdP kelas IV SD menyebabkan kurang optimalnya proses penilaian. Tujuan penelitian yaitu merancang instrumen penilaian perseptual motorik siswa pada mata pelajaran SBdP kelas IV sekolah dasar yang dilihat dari segi validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan model RDR (Research Development Research) Borg & Gall dengan tahapan-tahapan yaitu: (1) studi pendahuluan (research), (2) mengembangkan produk (development), dan (3) validasi produk (research). Penelitian yang dilakukan terbatas hingga tahap uji ahli/pakar dikarenakan keterbatasan waktu, biaya, dan tenaga. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu instrumen penilaian perseptual motorik siswa yang terdiri atas kisi-kisi tes, tes unjuk kerja, lembar penilaian, dan rubrik penilaian dengan jumlah pernyataan sebanyak 25 butir. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan membagikan lembar penilaian kepada 2 orang dosen. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan rating scale dengan skala 4. Metode analisis data validitas isi menggunakan rumus Gregory, dan rerata skor sedangkan metode analisis data reliabilitas menggunakan rumus percentage of agreement. Berdasarkan rumus Gregory, hasil analisis uji validitas isi didapat hasil sebesar 1,00 dengan kualifikasi validitas sangat tinggi sedangkan hasil analisis validitas dengan rerata skor diperoleh hasil ≥ 3 yang menunjukan bahwa instrumen yang dikembangkan valid. Hasil uji reliabilitas dengan rumus percentage of agreement diperoleh hasil ≥ 85% yang menunjukan bahwa instrumen yang dikembangkan reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut maka instrumen penilaian perseptual motorik siswa pada mata pelajaran SBdP kelas IV SD yang telah dirancang layak digunakan.
Video Pembelajaran Kontekstual pada Topik Daur Hidup Hewan dan Upaya Pelestariannya untuk Kelas IV SD
Authors: Dewi Ketut , Astawan I Gede , Simamora Alexander
Published: February 2022

Pembelajaran selama kegiatan belajar dari rumah lebih berfokus pada pemberian tugas. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya kemampuan guru dalam memanfaatkan teknologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan media video pembelajaran kontekstual pada topik daur hidup hewan dan upaya pelestariannya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan yang mengacu pada prosedur model ADDIE. Subjek uji coba penelitian yaitu 2 orang ahli isi pelajaran, 2 orang ahli media pembelajaran, 2 orang ahli desain pembelajaran, 2 orang praktisi, 6 orang siswa untuk uji coba perorangan, dan 12 orang siswa untuk uji coba kelompok kecil. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara, dan kuesioner. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah ratting scale. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data hasil validitas dihitung menggunakan rumus mean untuk mengetahui rata-ata skor validitas media. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, rata-rata skor validitas video pembelajaran kontekstual dari segi ahli isi sebesar 3,8 (sangat baik), dari segi ahli media sebesar 3,83 (sangat baik), dari segi desain sebesar 3,67 (sangat baik), dari segi praktisi sebesar 3,94 (sangat baik), skor yang diperoleh dari uji coba perorangan sebesar 3,95 (sangat baik), dan uji coba kelompok kecil sebesar 3,81 (sangat baik). Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut, video pembelajaran kontekstual pada topik daur hidup hewan dan upaya pelestariannya dinyatakan valid dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa dalam Tema Berbagai Pekerjaan dengan Fun thinkers
Authors: Upadani Ni Made , Tri Agustiana I Gusti Ayu , Astawan I Gede
Published: February 2022

Adanya kesulitan pada guru dalam merancang pembelajaran yang berpusat pada siswa sehingga membuat siswa menjadipasif dan membuat kemampuan berpikir kritas siswa tidak berkembang. Berasarkan hal tersebut diperlukan adanya media pembelajaran yang dapat mengaktifkan siswa daam pembelajaran misalnya dengan media fun thinkers. Penelitian ini bertujuan utnuk memvalidasi media fun thinkers berbasis soal berpikir kritis untuk siswa SD kelas IV pada tema 4 berbagai pekerjaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE.  Subjek penelitian ini adalah 2 orang dosen sebagai ahli materi, 2 orang dosen sebagai ahli media, 2 orang guru sebagai respon praktisi, dan 10 siswa sebagai respon siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kuesioner dengan instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat validitas media fun thinkers adalah rating scale berupa lembar penilaian media fun thinkers dari ahli. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus mean untuk mengetahui rata-rata skor validitas media fun thinkers berbasis soal berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini menghasilkan media fun thinkers yang telah dinyatakan valid berdasarkan nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh dari ahli materi, ahli medi, guru, dan siswa dengan rata-rata beradada pada rentang 4.21 < Va < 5.00 dengan kualifikasi sangat valid. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa media fun thinkers berbasis soal berpikir kritis untuk siswa SD kelas IV tema 4 berbagai pekerjaan yang dikembangkan telah valid dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Inovasi Strategi Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Masyarakat pada Satuan Pendidikan Dasar
Authors: Sumaryati Sumaryati , Retnasari Lisa
Published: February 2022

Permasalahan dalam penguatan pendidikan karakter (PPK) berbasis masyarakat. Permasalahan antara lain adanya perbedaan pandangan dan konsep tentang pendidikan karakter antara sekolah, keluarga, dan masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis inovasi strategi PPK berbasis masyarakat di satuan pendidikan dasar. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian didesain dalam tiga tahapan persiapan (koordinasi, penyusunan materi dan instrumen), pelaksanaan (penyegaran konsep PPK berbasis masyarakat, forum grup diskusi, pengisian google form, analisis dan validasi data), dan pelaporan (penyusunan laporan seminar hasil penelitian). Subjek penelitian terdiri dari dua kepala sekolah dan 37 guru. Metode pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, forum grup diskusi, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen penelitian list pertanyaan dan google form. Teknik analisis data reduksi data, klasifikasi data, display data, dan penyimpulan. Hasil penelitian, inovasi strategi penguatan pendidikan karakter berbasis masyarakat oleh satuan pendidikan dasar di kapanewon Galur Kulon Proggo adalah menjalin komunikasi secara luring maupun daring dengan semua stakeholder (orang tua, komite sekolah, unit-unit pemerintah maupun swasta dilingkungan sekolah), penandatanganan MOU dengan stakeholder sebagai sumber belajar, implementasi buku Pantauan Kegiatan Penguatan Nilai-nilai Karakter Siswa, dan memberdayakan stakeholder sebagai sumber belajar peserta didik,. Komunikasi secara virtual tetap dilaksanakan, meskipun kadang-kadang ditemukan beberapa kendala di dalamnya.
Digitalization of the healthcare system in Russia: upcoming trends and risks
Authors: Vlasova VN
Published: February 2022

Digital technologies are currently entering a human life and changing it drastically. Education, economy and healthcare go hand in hand with digitalization. The author of the article stresses that digital technologies spawn fear and mistrust in many people. This applies especially to digitalization of the healthcare system. To overcome the mixed feelings arising in people, we need to understand what digitalization is and review its perspectives and threats. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to consider perspective trends of digitalization of the Russian healthcare system and reveal the existing risks. The author of the article analyzes the normative legal base devoted to the development of healthcare system in Russia, examines the available articles of scientists on the subject, and analyzes the interviews undertaken by IT company representatives, which assess the use of digital technologies in medicine. Based on the performed analysis, the author underlines the following upcoming trends in healthcare digitalization: rapid data generation and processing, remote medical aid, remote enrollment in a medical institution, and easy access to an electronic medical record. The author mentions the following risks: a set of personal data, which could be stolen from digital media, mistakes existing when telehealth technologies are used, and impossibility to get access to a high-speed Internet connection in some Russian regions. According to the author, coordinated work of all actors of healthcare digitalization will allow to keep to a minimum or completely avoid the mentioned risks.
Computerization of education. Ethics in international distance education at medical universities
Authors: Podurueva-Miloevich VYu , Krivosheeva NI , Martinson ZhS
Published: February 2022

The article deals with ethical aspects of psychological and pedagogical approach of teaching international medical students in the process of educational computerization at modern universities. Particular attention is paid to studying the basics of psychology and pedagogy and mechanisms of distance learning, taking into account cognitive and personal traits of students to develop their professional knowledge, skills and competencies.
Potential of digital technologies supporting the principle of personalized medical aid in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Gruzdeva AA , Khokholov AL , Ilyin MV , Mushnikov DL
Published: February 2022

A study was undertaken to estimate the potential of digital technologies to support the principle of personalized medical aid in cardiovascular diseases. The study was done on the basis of the Kostroma region healthcare system. Information and methodological basis of the study comprised the polled data of 1400 patients aged 18–80 years old. A mixture of study methods was used: literature analysis, systemic and logical analysis, sociological (monitoring, expert assessment, content analysis, questioning, comparative analysis), statistical (grouping, ranking, correlation), pharmacoeconomic (cost-effectiveness, АBC/VEN-DDD-analysis, cost minimization) analysis, and organizational and functional modeling.
Digital transformation and its impact on our digital wellbeing
Authors: MacCallum Kathryn
Published: February 2022

The pandemic has transformed how we engage with digital technologies. Technology is now used to support all facets of our daily lives, including work, learning, and enjoyment (Schleicher, 2020). While the pandemic may have accelerated our adoption, this upward trend has been happening for many years, and we are no longer in a world where the digital, virtual or online can be viewed as separate from our everyday life (Myers, Erikson & Small 2013). The effects of digitalisation have been felt at all levels, including education. As educators we can be optimistic, pessimistic or pragmatic about many of these changes, but they cannot be ignored (Gluckman & Allen, 2018). 

The influence of digital transformation has highlighted the critical need to better manage our students' and our wellbeing. Wellbeing, as a concept has been challenging to define due to its complex and multi-faceted nature. More recent approaches have shifted towards ideas around the quality of life and the notion of flourishing in the positive psychology movement (Dodge et al 2012). In an endeavour to explain wellbeing which moves from the binary positive versus negative wellbeing, Dodge et al (2012), proposed that wellbeing is “the balance point between an individual’s resource pool and the challenges faced” (p. 230). In other words, people's wellbeing can be positively influenced if they are given the resources to address and overcome the adversities they face. Using their balance metaphor, a person's feeling of wellbeing can be stabilized when they feel that they have the psychological, social and physical resources and skills necessary to meet a particular psychological, social and/or physical challenge. This approach, therefore, acknowledges the see-saw effect of wellbeing but also that individuals have agency over their wellbeing.

So what does this mean for student wellbeing in the context of learning technologies? As highlighted by Gluckman and Allen, (2018) “to understand wellbeing in the 21st century requires an understanding of transformative digital technologies as drivers of change not just in human material circumstances, but also in human values and organisational systems that support wellbeing.” (p. 10). Therefore, when considering digital wellbeing we need to acknowledge the transformative power of digital technology to drive both positive and negative outcomes and ask how we can tip the balance by leveraging the positives of this transformation.

The presentation will explore the challenges that digital transformation brings to education and how as educators we can tip the balance to leverage technology to support our student’s and our digital wellbeing. The presentation will also focus on ways as educators we can use learning technologies to support students with the resources and skills to enhance their digital wellbeing.
"The Visits of the Romanian Royal Family to the University of Cluj in the Interwar Period "
Authors:   Faculty of History and Philosophy, Department of International Studies and Contemporary History, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Mureșan Marius
Published: February 2022

Shortly after the creation of Greater Romania, an ample process of administrative-territorial integration of the new provinces began, which became part of the Romanian state during 1918. As part of this process, higher education received an important role. The present article analyses the way in which the University of Cluj evolved, after the Romanian takeover of the Hungarian institution, focusing at the same time on the way in which the Royal House supported its development. Primary sources from the interwar period were used for the analysis, such as the “Universul” and the “Gazeta Transilvaniei” newspapers, respectively the yearbooks of the University of Cluj. The objective of the study is to reconstruct the visits paid by the Royal House to the University of Cluj, highlighting, through a quantitative analysis of the press releases, the development of festivities, the significance of the speeches and the evolution of the relations between the university and the monarchy. For the analysed period, i.e., 1918-1939, three visits of the Royal Family dedicated exclusively to university festivities were identified, the first one in 1920, when the inauguration celebrations took place, a second one in 1930, when the tenth anniversary of that event was celebrated, and a third one in 1937, when new spaces were opened for carrying out university activities.
“The Bible Will Stay in the Home”: Intergenerational Transmission of Books in Early Modern Transylvania
Authors: CRĂCIUN Maria
Published: February 2022

Focused on the transmission of books from one generation to another, this study explores the connection between gender and book ownership by attempting to discover whether the ‘reading lists’ inadvertently compiled by testators for their offspring were informed by gender stereotypes and by specific perceptions of masculinity and femininity. By carefully considering the nature and content of these bequests, this study will try to identify the stereotypes attached to men and women’s relation to books and, ultimately, to knowledge and consequently explore the place of books in their lives within the boundaries set by their gender in terms of social roles, access to education and involvement in the public sphere. By analysing the dynamics of bequests involving books, this study aims to explore the complex motives that impacted on testators’ decisions, including concern for tradition and heritage. By looking at men and women as both donors and recipients of books, this article would like to identify emergent and possibly gendered reading cultures. Finally, by closely examining the intricacies of bequests recorded in probate inventories, this essay aims to highlight interaction within the family, vertically between generations and horizontally within them.
 
Article history: Received 30.11.2020, Revised 15.03.2021, Accepted 10.05.2021, Available online 03.02.2022.
 
Rezumat: „Biblia va rămâne în casă”: Transmiterea intergeneraţională a cărţilor în Transilvania modernă timpurie. Concentrat asupra transmiterii cărţilor de la o generaţie la alta, acest studiu îşi propune să exploreze conexiunea dintre gen şi cărţi încercând să descopere dacă lecturile recomandate involuntar de testatari pentru urmaşii lor erau influenţate de stereotipii de gen şi de percepţii specifice asupra masculinităţii şi feminităţii. Luând în calcul natura şi conţinutul acestor testamente, studiul va încerca să identifice aceste stereotipuri implicate în relaţia bărbaţilor şi femeilor cu .cartea şi, în cele din urmă, cu cunoaşterea. El va încerca să exploreze locul cărţilor în viaţa acestor indivizi în cadrele impuse de genul lor, din perspectiva unor roluri sociale, a accesului la educaţie şi a implicării în sfera publică. Analizând dinamica acestor testamente, studiul va reconstitui motivele complexe care au avut impact asupra deciziei testatarilor, inclusiv precuparea lor pentru tradiţie şi patrimoniul familiei. Luând în considerare atât bărbaţii cât şi femeile în ipostaza de testatari şi moştenitori articolul va încerca să identifice posibile culturi genizate ale lecturii. În final, examinînd cu atenţie complexităţile acestor testamente, aşa cum sunt ele reflectate de inventarele ataşate, articolul va încerca să pună în evidenţă interacţiunile dintre membrii familiei, vertical între generaţii şi orizontal în interiorul acestora.
Cuvinte cheie: carte, testament, gen, generaţie, cultura lecturii, roluri sociale, stereotipuri.
Statistical Analysis of the Election Results of Urban Representatives in Hungary between 1848 and 1918*
Authors: PAP József
Published: February 2022

In this paper, I will introduce our research results concerning the election of urban representatives. I focused on two issues: 1. What was the connection between the district and the representative, was he an outsider or a member of the local elite? 2. Can we identify groups whose representatives followed similar party preferences during elections at the time of the Dual Monarchy? The analysis is based on statistical methods. I conclude that the performance of candidates did not depend on the political attitudes of a given district. The causes of the given phenomena cannot be identified by macro-level research, but the macro-level research helps the local research by the establishment of categories within which the given local phenomena can be interpreted. The tables of this paper facilitate the national comparison of local research results.
 
Article history: Received 30.09.2020; Revised 20.03.2021; Accepted 05.05.2021; Available online 03.02.2022.
 
Rezumat: Analiza statistică a rezultatelor alegerilor reprezentanţilor oraşelor în Ungaria între 1848 şi 1918. Studiul prezintă rezultatele cercetării noastre privind alegerea deputaţilor urbani. Mă voi concentra pe două aspecte: 1. Care a fost legătura dintre circumscripţie şi deputat, dacă deputatul a fost un străin sau un membru al elitei locale? 2. Dacă putem identifica grupuri ai căror reprezentanţi au urmat preferinţe similare de partid în timpul alegerilor din timpul Monarhiei Duale? Analiza se bazează pe metode statistice. Am ajuns la concluzia că performanţa candidaţilor nu depindea de atitudinile politice al unui anumit cerc electoral. Cauzele fenomenelor nu pot fi identificate prin cercetare la nivel macro, dar cercetarea la nivel macro ajută cercetarea locală prin stabilirea unor categorii în cadrul cărora fenomenele locale pot fi interpretate. Tabelele acestei lucrări facilitează compararea naţională a rezultatelor cercetării locale.
Cuvinte cheie: alegeri, deputaţi orăşeneşti, Monarhia Austro-Ungară, analiză statistică, circumscripţii electorale.
Potensi Tumbuhan Genus Phyllanthus sebagai Imunomodulator dan Antiinflamasi
Authors: Oktarina Dewi Ria , Susilawati Yasmiwar , Halimah Eli
Published: February 2022

Sistem kekebalan adalah sistem pertahanan tubuh, yang bertujuan untuk mengenali dan merespons dari berbagai macam patogen atau cedera untuk melindungi tubuh. Sistem imun dapat mengalami ketidakseimbangan yang berdampak pada inflamasi yang tidak terkontrol dan menyebabkan berbagai penyakit. Dalam mengatasinya diperlukan imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi. Tumbuhan yang memiliki efek imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi yaitu tumbuhan meniran (genus Phyllanthus). Diketahui tumbuhan yang masih satu genus dengan meniran yang memiliki kemiripan kandungan kimia. Kesamaan kandungan kimia dari masing-masing tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus berkemungkinan memiliki efek dan potensi aktivitas yang sama. Tujuan dari artikel review ini adalah untuk menelusuri potensi aktivitas imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus. Pencarian sumber dilakukan secara elektronik melalui situs PubMed. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran didapatkan 43 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria penulisan. Senyawa tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus seperti: filtetralin, filantin, etil 8-hidroksi-8-metil-tridekanoat, 1,7,8-trihidroksi-2-naftaldehida, corilagin, geranin, tanin, kuersetin, rutin, dan asam galat berpotensi sebagai imunomodulator dengan cara mengatur respon imun humoral dan respon imun seluler. Senyawa tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus seperti: asam galat, filantin, hipofilantin, fisetin, katekin, corilagin, geranin, urolitin A, dan englerin A, telah terbukti berpotensi sebagai  antiinflamasi dengan cara mengatur regulasi sitokin, enzim, dan protein inflamasi, serta menargetkan jalur persinyalan inflamasi.
Implementación del análisis contrastivo entre fansubbing y traducción profesional en ejercicios metacognitivos
Authors: Navarro Rosell Jessica
Published: February 2022

En el presente trabajo se realiza una propuesta sobre el uso de los subtítulos realizados por aficionados y traductores profesionales a modo comparativo, con la intención de promover ejercicios metacognitivos que favorezcan el pensamiento crítico y la resolución de problemas con respecto a los términos de referencia en la combinación español-chino. Para ello, se analizarán los errores más frecuentes obtenidos de una investigación sobre tres series, con tramas desarrolladas en diferentes contextos sociales, y se revisarán los parámetros sociolingüísticos que pueden afectar a los términos de referencia en la lengua china, como algunos conceptos del confucianismo que están estrechamente relacionados con los términos de cortesía.
Beatriz Mangada (coord). 2021. Didáctica del francés como lengua extranjera. Madrid: Ediciones Parainfo.
Authors: Cortés Jiménez José Carlos
Published: February 2022

Esta monografía se articula en torno a cuatro ejes de reflexión principales: 1. Fundamentos teóricos (capítulos 1-3). 2. Educación Primaria (capítulo 4). 3. Educación Secundaria (capítulos 5-9). 4. Profesor autónomo, alumno autónomo (capítulo 10-11).
Identifikasi dan Predileksi Ektoparasit Kepiting Bakau (Scylla spp.) dari Ekosistem Mangrove Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Ngurah Rai, Bali
Authors: Muttaqin Ilham , Julyantoro Pande Gde Sasmita , Sari Alfi Hermawati Waskita
Published: February 2022

This research aims to know the various types, predilections, prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites on mud crab (Scylla spp.) and water quality condition in Taman Hutan Raya (TAHURA) Ngurah Rai, Bali. This research was conducted in TAHURA mangrove ecosystem which has 219 hectare of research area near to Pemogan village from February to April 2018. The research used descriptive method by using random sampling for collecting data. Mud crabs obtained in this research consisted of 21 individual mud crabs that belong to 3 species, namely Scylla olivacea (11 ind), Scylla serrata (9 ind), and Scylla tranquebarica (1 ind). The observations results found 5 types of ectoparasites namely Zoothamnium sp. (2021 ind), Epistylis sp. (955 ind), Carchesium sp. (7 ind), Vorticella sp. (98 ind), and Octolasmis sp. (201 ind).  Organs infected by ectoparasitic are legs (517 ind), swimming legs (476 ind), carapace (740 ind), claws (1348 ind), and gills (201 ind). The highest prevalence rate obtained was Zoothamnium sp. and Epistylis sp. about 95,23% while the lowest prevalence rate was Carchesium sp. about 4,76%. The highest level of intensity was Zoothamnium sp. about 101,05 ind/crab, while the lowest intensity obtained on Carchesium sp. with 7 ind/crab. The condition of water quality was still considered optimal for mud crab (Scylla spp.) life with average temperature of 29,9 ºC, dissolved oxygen 6,6 mg/L, salinity 20‰, and pH 7,39.
Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Tumbuhan Air di Subak Pulagan, Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali
Authors: Yuliana Dewi Ni Putu Bella , Arthana I Wayan , Putri Wijayanti Ni Putu
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to determine the diversity, abundance and dominance of aquatic plants, relation to water quality to aquatic plants, and the relation of aquatic biota to aquatic plants. This research used observation and purposive method. The highest abundance value of aquatic plants found in station 1 (upper area) of 4034 ind/m2 with the type of aquatic plant was (Salvinia molesta). The index value of diversity ranged from 0,6628-0,8985, with the highest index found in station 2 (middle) of 0,8985. The dominance index value ranged from 0,4537-0,6127, with the highest dominant index found in station 3 (lower area) with species dominated by (Pistia stratiotes). The relation of aquatic plants with temperature showed correlation value of r = -0,9967 (very strong). The relation with other water quality parameter to aquatic plants showed correlation value which were with pH of r = 0,8263 (very strong), with DO of r = -0,7651 (strong), with nitrate of r = -0,8457 (very strong), and with phosphate of r = 0,7092 (strong). Correlation between abundance of biota Aplocheilus panchax to diversity, abundance, and dominance of aquatic plants showed the highest correlation value respectively of r = 0,6344 (station 1), r = 0,9987 (station 1), and r = -0,5688 (station 3).
Transparansi Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah di Era Pandemi Covid-19: Peran Sistem Informasi Pemerintahan Daerah
Authors: Kartika I Gusti Ayu Yuli , Gorda A. A. N. Eddy Supriyadinata
Published: February 2022

Transparency in the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) is one manifestation of Good Governance. This study aims to examine the effect of accessibility, internal control system, and performance-based budgeting on APBD transparency with the application of the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) as an intervening variable. This research was conducted at the Bali Province Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD). The research population is all civil servants in BPKAD and the sampling technique used is saturated sampling. Structural equation model is used as a data analysis tool. The results showed that the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) positively mediated the influence of accessibility, internal control systems, and performance-based budgeting on APBD transparency.

Keywords : Accessibility; Internal Control System; Performance Based Budgeting; Transparency.
MICROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION OF VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE (VAM) ASSOCIATED WITH ORCHID Cymbidium sp.
Authors: Eldina Gresia , Wirawan I Gede Putu , Sritamin Made
Published: February 2022

Cymbidium sp. is one of the most popular orchid desired in public, it means high productivity is needed in its fulfillment. One of the obstacle of Cymbidium sp. orchid in order to fullfilment of productivities are the stress and orchid’s seed size which is very small. Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae is a symbiont fungus that can help absorption of nutrients in stress phase. VAM help Cymbidium sp. to maintenance and increase the productivity. This research aimed to determined VAM species and colonization in rhizospher of Cymbidium sp. orchid. This research has been conducted from November 2020 untill April 2021. Spore isolation was conducted by using wet shievings method, meanwhile VAM colonization was conducted by using roots staining techniques. The result showed there were 4 genus consisted by 6 different type of spores which has been found. There was Glomus (2 types), Dentiscutata (2 types), Acaulospora (1 type), and Gigaspora (1 type). Colonization of VAM in sample plant has been known by presence of VAM special structure, there were vesicular and internal hyphae.
Pengaruh Perlakuan pH dan Suhu terhadap Stabilitas Ekstrak Alga Merah (Gracilaria sp.) sebagai Pewarna Alami
Authors: Keron Odilia , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Gunam Ida Bagus Wayan
Published: February 2022

Phycoerytrin is a red pigment found in red algae. Red algae Gracilaria sp. potential to be a source of natural dye because it contains phycoerythrin. Phycoerythrin is unstable to light, pH, and temperature. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pH and temperature on the stability of the dye extract from the red algae Gracilaria sp. and determine the pH and temperature that best maintain the constancy of the red algae Gracilaria sp. extract during storage. The design in this study used a completely randomized design with two factors, namely pH and temperature. First factor was the pH treatment which consist of three levels namely pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10 and second factor was initial temperature consist of two levels, namely 4±2?C and 28±2?C. The results showed that pH had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the total phycoerythrin, brightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) at weeks 2, 3, 4. Temperature treatment has a very significant effect on the total phycoerythrin and brightness (L*) at weeks 3 and 4, as well the level redness (a*) and the level yellowness (b*) at weeks 2, 3 and 4. At pH 4 and cold temperature (4±2?C) were the best treatments to maintain the stability of the red algae Gracilaria sp. extract during storage. They had the lowest decrease in phycoerythrin levels and redness (a*), and had the smallest increase in brightness (L*) and yellowness (b*). Extract that were stored for 4 weeks with pH 4 and temperature 4±2?C treatment had decrease in total phycoerythrin, increase in brightness (L*), decrease in redness (a*), and increase in yellowness (b*) successively was 13.04%, 0.47%, 6.58%, dan 3.50%.           

Keywords : Gracilaria sp. extract, phycoeriythrin, pH, temperature, stability
Karakteristik Minyak Jelantah Hasil dari Proses Pemurnian dengan Ampas Tebu pada berbagai Variasi Suhu dan Waktu Pengadukan
Authors: Hakim Rian , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Arnata I Wayan
Published: February 2022

Used cooking oil is cooking oil that has been used over and over again. Used cooking oil can be used as raw material for soap and biodiesel. However, before being used, the used cooking oil must be purified using an adsorbent. This study aims to determine the effect temperature and stirring time on the characteristics of used cooking oil purified with bagasse and determine the best temperature and stirring time to produce the best characteristics of used cooking oil. This study used a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was the adsorption temperature which consists of 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C, and 100 °C. The second factor was the stirring time which consists of 3 levels, namely: 60, 70, and 80 minutes. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that the adsorption temperature and stirring time significantly affected the clarity, water content, free fatty acid content, and brightness level. The interaction between treatments had a very significant effect on the level of clarity and brightness. The best treatment of the used cooking oil refining process using bagasse is the treatment at 100°C temperature and 80 minutes stirring time, with the characteristics of a clarity level of 0.149±0.010 A, 0.13±0.02% water content, 0.21±free fatty acid content. 0.02% and a brightness level of 47.37±0.01L*.

Keywords : Used cooking oil, temperature, stirring time, sugarcane bagasse.
Pengembangan Pariwisata Konservasi Savana Propok, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Pradnyana I Komang Deya , Wiranatha Agung Suryawan , Suryawardani I Gusti Ayu Oka
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted to design a conservation-based tourism development strategy in Savana Propok Sembalun, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. In developing Savana Propok Sembalun as conservation-based tourism, a general strategy (grand strategy) and alternative strategies are needed to develop all the existing potential, and support its development into a conservation tourism attraction that can benefit all parties, especially for the local community, so it is necessary to conduct research on (Conservation-Based Tourism) Savana Development Strategy in Propok Sembalun, Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. This study was designed using a qualitative approach with the EFAS, IFAS, and SWOT matrix analysis methods. The data in this study were obtained through direct field observations and in-depth interviews with related parties. The results of this study refer to the internal and external environmental conditions of Savana Propok Sembalun, each of which are in a averange condition. Thus, the right alternative strategy to be applied at the next stage of development is to hold and maintain without changing the direction of the strategy that has been used. This alternative strategy emphasizes more on (1) Tourism Development Strategy, (2) Conservation Tourism Planning Strategy, (3) Conservation-Based Tourism Development Strategy, (4) Environmental Quality Improvement Strategy, (5) Human Resource Development Strategy, and (6) Tourist Attraction Promotion Strategy.

Keywords: Development Strategy, Tourism, Conservation.
Analisis Siklus Hidup Pariwisata dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Kawasan Wisata Lembah Harau, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota
Authors: Andesta Indah
Published: February 2022

Lembah Harau is a nature tourism park in Lima Puluh Kota Regency. Lembah Harau area has with strong potential to attract tourist both in natural attraction and man-made attraction. Concept of tourist area life cycle is used to analyze the position of Lembah Harau based on that concept and then to develop sustainable tourism in Lembah Harau. Sarosah Village is a man-made attraction in Lembah Harau. In which it has the role towards man-made and natural attraction in Lembah Harau area are needed to develop the area for sustainable tourism development. There is the strong relationship between Sarosah Village and Lembah Harau itself to bring the Lembah Harau area to rejuvenation level. Based on natural attraction, Lembah Harau area is consolidation to stagnation level. Although, the concept of Sarosah Village is difference with Lembah Harau area’s concept as a conservation area. But Sarosah Village gives the positive impact to develop Lembah Harau and Sarasah Village is following the sustainable development tourism concept.

Keywords: Development, natural tourist attraction, man-made tourist attraction, tourist area life cycle.
Strategi Pengembangan Desa Wisata Catur, Kintamani-Bangli Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Swariwyanyani Anak Agung Dewi , Paturusi Syamsul Alam , Widiastuti Widiastuti
Published: February 2022

Bali is known as one of the best tourist destination islands in the world. Catur Village is one of the Balinese village which is designated as a Tourism Village by the Bangli Regency Government. Along with the government's efforts to promote tourism development, the Covid-19 Pandemic suddenly occurred. The tourism development program is not implementing as planned. This research will be carried out with a qualitative approach and SWOT-Interpretive analysis. The period before the Covid-19 pandemic was marked by the most visited natural attractions are citrus and coffee plantations, and also the acculturation of Balinese and Chinese cultures. The changing conditions of tourism activities during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Catur Tourism Village can be seen from the change in behavior in dealing with the New Normal Life. The life adaptation in the form of implementing the Health Protocol in a good and disciplined manner. The innovation and collaboration are conducted to produce herbal products. In the Pandemic of Covid-19, the Management Strategy in the Development of the Catur Tourism Village was carried out on the main platform "Innovation, Adaptation and Collaboration". Tourism segmentation in the future will be more to personalize, customize, localize, and smaller in size.

Keywords: Development Strategy, Tourism Village, Covid-19 Pandemic, Catur Village.
Perceived Organizational Support: Critical Analysis Of The Mediation Model For Organizational Commitment Variables
Authors: Syaputra Andi , Widjayanti Rina Eka
Published: February 2022

There have been numerous works of literature investigating organizational commitment (OC) of an individual employee for the issue is considered necessary to receive more concern from time to time. This is also because an individual’s performance will become better along with the increase in OC. An individual’s intrinsic reward (IR) becomes one of the supporting factors to build individual employee commitment. In this study, we were investigating perceived organizational support (POS) as the other supporting aspect that builds better commitment. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of POS mediation in the correlation between IR and OC. The Structural Equation Modelling test indicates a positive response. POS succeeded in mediating IR against OC which means this study shows employee behavior in line with organizational goals
Сalculation and theoretical study of the dynamics of the passive heat removal system
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Kozhemyakin V.V. , Gaisina A.O. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2022

The paper proposes a theoretical and computational study of the dynamics of a passive heat removal system. In the computational part, the selected scheme is made by analogy with the first circuit of the monoblock steam generating unit “Beta”. In the course of the work, the equation of conservation of mass and energy for the pipe was considered when calculating the dynamics of the passive heat removal system.