bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diabetes association of polyps and colon cancer
Authors: Miłek Tomasz , Forysiński Karol , Myrcha Piotr , Ciostek Piotr
Published: June 2019

Aim
The aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the relationship between the occurrence of polyps and colon cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
In 2014-2015, 976 colonoscopy was performed in patients. We compared the number of polyps with high-grade dysplasia and colorectal cancers in patients with and without diabetes. In addition, in the diabetic group, we documented the relationship between HbA1C and the occurrence of polyps high-grade dysplasia, and colon cancer. The data were statistically analyzed.
Result
1) Patients with diabetes have a higher frequency of polyps with high-grade dysplasia/ carcinoma - (32/91 (35.16%) in comparison to patients without diabetes 136/885 (15.37%), p <0.001.
2) Patients with diabetes have a higher frequency of polyps with cancer - (9/91 (9.89%) as compared to patients without diabetes in patients 18/885 (2.03%), p <0.001.
3) Colorectal cancer occurred significantly more often in uncontrolled diabetes (p = 0.022)
Conclusion
The conducted study shows a significant association between type 2 diabetes and the incidence of colorectal adenomas. These findings may lead to the conclusion that diabetic patients are at a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer thus requiring more need for a controlled colonoscopy. Therefore it may be worth to consider a scheme for screening patients in the group mentioned above by performing colonoscopy.
Rules of artillery employment in combat operations
Authors: Świętochowski Norbert
Published: June 2019

The article presents evolution and formation of rules of artillery employment in combat operations. The first part of the article addresses a process of shaping the rules of artillery employment over hundreds of years of its development. The second part is devoted to a doctrinal approach currently adopted by the Missile Forces and Artillery. In the final section, the author proposes adopting new rules shaped during recent armed conflicts and still have a significant impact on combat effectiveness of artillery.
Sprawozdanie z VII Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Harmonicznej
Authors: Ber Dawid
Published: June 2019

Sprawozdanie z VII Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Harmonicznej
Agile crisis management
Authors: Betta Jan , Owczarzak-Skomra Agnieszka
Published: June 2019

The article deals with crisis management. A new approach based on the agile methodologies of project management is proposed. The paper presents consecutively: crisis and its management (literature overview), characterisation of IT projects, agile project management, comparative analysis of agile approach and crisis management, proposal of a new idea – agile crisis management and conclusions. The conclusions emphasise the importance of following up with necessary empirical investigations.
Sprawozdanie z I Łódzkiego Forum Naukowego z okazji Światowego Dnia Głosu
Authors: Ber Dawid
Published: June 2019

Sprawozdanie z I Łódzkiego Forum Naukowego z okazji Światowego Dnia Głosu
Pragmatic Intellectualism Syndrome in emergency response and military leadership
Authors: Nagody-Mrozowicz Kazimierz , Pietrakowski Piotr
Published: June 2019

Values are a component of the human personality that affects a world-view, opinions, emotions and behaviors. This applies equally to managerial and executive behavior, while in the case of rescue organizations, both levels of behavior are also an important factor of organizational effectiveness. The aim of the article is to show the relationship between the ethical aspects of rescue operations and the value system represented by mountain rescuers. The applied idiographic research perspective can become an example for research on other types of organizations and employee teams, including the armed forces.
The problem of pedophilia treatment in Poland
Authors: Dymowska Aleksandra
Published: June 2019

Z danych Komendy Głównej Policji wynika, że do przestępstw seksualnych wobec dzieci i dorosłych (ogółem) najczęściej dochodzi w domach i mieszkaniach. Dotyczy to 44 proc. gwałtów i 36 proc. innych przestępstw seksualnych. Ponad 1/4 wszystkich przestępstw przeciwko obyczajności odbywa się przy wykorzystaniu Internetu. Z doświadczeń policji wynika, że bardzo często sprawca jest znany ofierze.
O COTIDIANO DE NEGÓCIOS FAMILIARES EM MATOZINHOS/MG
Authors: Correia Gabriel Farias Alves , Carrieri Alexandre De Pádua
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a gestão no âmbito de cinco negócios familiares localizados no bairro Bom Jesus da cidade de Matozinhos, Minas Gerais. Tendo em vista o conceito de gestão ordinária, analisamos as estratégias e táticas cotidianas dos sujeitos por meio de suas ações. Para coleta de dados, foram realizadas onze entrevistas semiestruturadas e a análise dos resultados se deu por meio da análise do discurso na vertente francesa, sendo possível identificar dois percursos semânticos. O primeiro diz respeito à interconexão entre negócio e família tendo em vista que a utilização de membros familiares como próprios trabalhadores mantêm a produtividade necessária. No segundo, as estratégias e táticas cotidianas são analisadas sob a ótica da subversão das diversas leis, regras e normas.  Por fim, apresentamos as considerações finais e reflexões acerca dos aspectos afetivos e informais que mantêm esses negócios e sugestões para pesquisas futuras.
LEAN THINKING APLICADO AO GERENCIAMENTO DE PROJETOS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NO SETOR DE TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Correa Luiza Pais , Salume Paula Karina
Published: June 2019

No contexto atual, as organizações se veem obrigadas a melhorar continuamente seus produtos e serviços, a fim de garantir máxima eficiência operacional e fidelização do cliente, por meio de uma gestão inovadora e ágil. O presente artigo tem por objetivo identificar os desperdícios no gerenciamento ágil de projetos de desenvolvimento de softwares, buscando compreender se os princípios do lean thinking podem ser empregados na organização, possibilitando entregar mais valor para seus clientes. Com o intuito de fundamentar os aspectos observados, a metodologia utilizada inclui a revisão da literatura da área e a aplicação de pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como objeto de estudo quatro projetos de uma empresa que utiliza gerenciamento ágil de projetos. Os resultados indicaram que a maneira como os projetos são gerenciados está diretamente ligada à eficiência de sua execução e, consequentemente, a geração de desperdícios. Desse modo, adotar princípios lean como alternativa para melhoria dos processos, não significa apenas reduzir desperdícios, mas também adicionar valor para o cliente e para o negócio. Cumprir com todas as etapas e os requisitos de melhores práticas se torna um grande desafio frente a constantes mudanças, seja no ambiente interno ou externo à organização.
Pesquisa acadêmica como material didático na educação básica: o caso do relatório Diagnóstico geoambiental da Apa da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Machado-MG
Authors: Azevedo Sandra De Castro de
Published: June 2019

A proximidade entre a universidade e a educação básica é essencial para o avanço na pesquisa em educação e em ensino. São dois espaços diferentes, com funções diferentes, mas que estão interligados. É comum ouvirmos que o que aprendemos na universidade é muito diferente do que estudamos na educação básica, no caso da geografia isso não se confirma, os conteúdos são os mesmos, mas a abordagem é diferente por que o objetivo fim é diferente, na universidade se formam geógrafos, na escola se forma para a vida. Este artigo visa analisar como um produto de pesquisa acadêmica pode ser inserido nas aulas de geografia da educação básica. A partir do relatório do Diagnóstico geoambiental da APA da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Machado-MG, elaboraram-se sequências didáticas com ênfase na linguagem cartográfica para desenvolver o raciocínio geográfico dos alunos, valorizando a contextualização de conteúdo. A proposta deste artigo é ressaltar que as pesquisas acadêmicas podem ser utilizadas diretamente em sala de aula, mas para isso é necessário um processo de divulgação, de acesso a esse material e de projeto de formação continuada para os professores da educação básica para que eles possam acompanhar a evolução da ciência geográfica.
Mapeamento geológico e pedológico da APA da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Machado.
Authors: Adorno Caio Faria da Cunha Barbosa , Junior Lineo Aparecido Gaspar , Junior Luiz Carlos dos Santos , Valen Marcius Ver
Published: June 2019

A APA da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Machado, assim como qualquer outra unidade de conservação, precisa de monitoramento. O crescimento desordenado e a falta de planejamento do uso e ocupação do solo ameaçam a integridade dos espaços protegidos por lei. Nesse contexto, as características físicas da área precisam ser conhecidas para harmonizar a relação antrópica com o meio natural. O objetivo do trabalho é elaborar mapas que caracterizam a geologia e a pedologia da bacia do Rio Machado, no sul de Minas Gerais. Para tal, as técnicas de SIG (Sistema de Informação Geográfica) junto do acervo bibliográfico e do trabalho de campo conduziram a pesquisa. A objetividade dos mapas é servir como instrumentos de análise para diagnósticos, bem como assegurar a qualidade do ambiente para as gerações futuras.
Avaliação de risco a enchentes e inundações por krigagem ordinária em sistemas de informação geográfica
Authors: Servidoni Lucas Emanuel , Teodoro Alexandre Elias de Miranda , Mincato Ronaldo Luiz , Santos Clibson Alves dos
Published: June 2019

As enchentes e inundações são os desastres naturais que mais causam prejuízos sociais, econômicos e ambientais no Brasil. A avaliação e mapeamento de áreas de risco é feita por meio de metodologias quantitativas para modelar a paisagem e indicar os locais com maior probabilidade de ocorrência de desastres naturais. Este trabalho visou mapear processos hidrológicos extremos por meio da relação da densidade de drenagem com o índice de bifurcação com a ferramenta krigagem ordinária disponível no software ArcGIS 10.5. A partir do modelo digital de elevação foram geradas as cartas de declividade, hipsométrica e de drenagem para extrair as informações necessárias para realizar o cálculo. Posteriormente, foi inserido sobre a área de estudo uma grade regular para calcular tal parâmetro ao longo da bacia. Os pontos amostrados foram combinados por geoestatística resultando no mapa de risco natural a enchentes e inundações na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Machado. A metodologia apontou que a cidade de Poço Fundo está inserida em uma área propícia a processos hidrológicos violentos, contrariando a metodologia convencional da análise morfométrica que indicou que o Rio Machado não era propício a sofrer com enchentes e inundações.
O estudo do comportamento da temperatura em Machado/MG entre 1991 e 2017 e a influência exercida pela precipitação sazonal nesse processo
Authors: Souza Paulo Henrique , Sanches Rafael Grecco , Santos Bruno César dos
Published: June 2019

Análises foram desenvolvidas sobre os dados de temperatura fornecidos pela série disponibilizada pelo Instituto Meteorológico (2018) compreendendo os anos de 1991-2017 na região de Machado/MG. Esses dados contemplam as médias mensais em três condições; a média geral dos dados, a média das temperaturas máximas, e, a média das temperaturas mínimas. Esse elenco de informações fez-se necessário em razão da volatilidade que a temperatura apresenta ao longo das vinte e quatro horas do dia nas latitudes baixas, podendo apresentar uma grande oscilação entre a madrugada e o início da tarde. As análises contemplaram três momentos distintos; o comportamento anual ao longo da série histórica que se estende de 1991 a 2017, a ocorrência separada entre as condições prevalecentes dos semestres chuvosos e secos, e, ainda, como esteve a temperatura ao longo dos quatro trimestres do ano – verão, primavera, outono e inverno. Através dessas análises procurou-se verificar o padrão de comportamento da temperatura e a interferência sofrida frente a manifestação da precipitação, pois, além do sombreamento que as nuvens proporcionam amenizando a incidência solar, a evaporação da água também interfere mediante o consumo de energia que ocasiona, evitando que seu uso seja aproveitado para o aquecimento. Pelos resultados ficou constatado um quadro de regularidade a partir dos índices próximos a média do período.
Notas sobre a formação territorial e dinâmica populacional dos municípios integrantes da APA do rio Machado - MG
Authors: Porto Gil Carlos Silveira , Alves Flamarion Dutra , Bando Daniel Hideki , Ribeiro Tiago Marini , Silva Matheus De Oliveira
Published: June 2019

Este escrito resulta de estudo sociodemográfico em bacias hidrográficas. Buscou-se evidenciar o processo de formação espacial dos municípios que integram a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do rio Machado e descrever aspectos da dinâmica populacional passada e atual. A pesquisa mostrou a importância da migração estrangeira na dinâmica demográfica pretérita e revelou características atuais da população, como a alta expectativa de vida e taxa de fecundidade abaixo do nível de reposição. As informações foram obtidas por meio da coleta e análise de dados secundários e realização de trabalho de campo.
A new species of Macrostemum Kolenati, 1859 from Brazilian Amazon and the immature stages of M. brasiliense (Fischer, 1970) (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae)
Authors: Pes Ana Maria , Desidério Gleison Robson , Barcelos-Silva Patrik , Hamada Neusa
Published: June 2019

Macrostemum is the second largest genus of Macronematinae with about 104 described species distributed in the Neotropical (18), Afrotropical (20), Australasian (7), Palearctic (2), Nearctic (3) and Oriental (54) regions. Despite its great diversity, knowledge about its immature stages is scarce: worldwide, only 7 species (6.7%) have larvae and/or pupae described. From the Neotropics, only one species, Macrostemum ulmeri (Banks, 1913), has described larvae and pupae. The objectives of this study are to describe and illustrate a new species, Macrostemum araca sp. nov., based on adult males and females from Serra do Aracá, Amazonas, Brazil, and the larvae and pupae of M. brasiliense (Fischer, 1970) from an Atlantic Forest fragment in São Paulo state using the metamorphotype method. In addition, this species is recorded for the first time for Minas Gerais state.
Floatation tank associatedPseudomonas aeruoginosainfection
Authors: Rehbein Karen , Tsang Frankie , Jorgensen Virginia , Peterson Emily
Published: June 2019

Floatation tank water contains a high concentration of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), which should be unfavorable to most microorganisms that are not salt tolerant. The high salt concentration also means that users of floatation tanks are more likely to shower after floating and are less likely to float with open sores, get water in their eyes, or ingest the floatation tank water. In addition, the number of daily users is relatively stable. However, despite these factors, pathogens commonly associated with pool or hot tub use can still be found in floatation tanks. A clinical case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with exposure to a floatation tank was investigated by Vancouver Coastal Health. The investigation resulted in the issuance of a closure order to the operator of the facility. A clinical specimen obtained from the complainant and a water sample from the implicated floatation tank both tested positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, although, the isolates were markedly different. The possible explanations for this laboratory outcome are presented. This case study illustrates that a disruption of floatation tank water filtration, disinfection, salinity, or a combination of some or all of these factors, may result in conditions favorable for bacterial survival, growth, and disease transmission.
La poesía en la era de internet
Authors: Jauralde Pou Pablo
Published: June 2019

Este artículo reflexiona sobre las implicaciones que tiene producir poesía en la era de la cultura digital y que incluye en diversos aspectos de la misma (creación, lectura, difusión, distribución…). Detiene la mirada en los cambios que la irrupción de las redes sociales ha traído consigo, de manera que podamos pensar en el cambio de paradigma que ha supuesto.This article reflects on the implications of producing poetry in the era of digital culture, which includes several aspects (creation, reading, dissemination, distribution...). It analyze the changes that the irruption of social networks has brought with it, so that we can think about the paradigm shift that it has supposed.
Aproximación a la poesía escrita en lenguajes de programación (sobre Belén García Nieto)
Authors: Alonso Valero Encarna
Published: June 2019

Este artículo intenta realizar una aproximación a las prácticas poéticas escritas en lenguajes de programación o en cualquier tipo de lenguaje informático, es decir, la llamada “poesía código”. Haremos un recorrido por la génesis y los principios fundamentales de esta práctica poética y analizaremos los textos de una de las poetas españolas más destacadas de la poesía código, Belén García Nieto.This article tries to be an approximation to the poetic practices written in programming languages or in any type of computer language, that is, the “code poetry”. We will take a tour through the origins and the fundamental ideas of this poetic practice and analyze the texts of one of the most representative Spanish poet of the code poetry, Belén García Nieto.
Metáfora y metonimia: estrategias retóricas de organización narrativa. Análisis de caso en el cine clásico y posmoderno
Authors: Alvarado Duque Carlos Fernando , Escobar Ramírez José Wilson
Published: June 2019

La metáfora y la metonimia amplifican el sistema expresivo que ha tejido el séptimo arte a lo largo de su historia. Nos interesa mostrar cómo dichas figuras son capaces de producir sentido más allá de las formas clásicas del lenguaje. Sin negar su rol funcional, su verdadera fuerza radica en su uso poético. Ambas figuras operan como estrategias narrativas que permiten hacer variaciones sobre la narrativa clásica y que dan pie a procesos transtextuales. En calidad de análisis de caso realizamos una exegesis de cuatro filmes que pertenecen al cine clásico de Hollywood y al cine postmoderno para mostrar el funcionamiento de la metáfora y la metonimia en dos momentos diferentes de la historia del cine.Metaphor and metonymy amplify the expressive system that has woven the seventh art throughout its history. We want to show how these figures are capable of producing meaning beyond the classical forms of language. Without denying their functional role, its real strength lies in its poetic use. Both figures operate as narrative strategies that make variations on the classic narrative and give rise to trans-textual processes. As a case analysis, we did an exegesis of four films that belong to classic Hollywood cinema and postmodern cinema to show the operation of metaphor and metonymy in two different moments in the history of cinema.
Política de la ficción / ficción de la política en Jacques Rancière
Authors: González Blanco Azucena
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo propone analizar los sentidos que la expresión política de la ficción tiene en su doble acepción en el pensamiento literario de Jacques Rancière. Para tal fin, voy a atender a dos dimensiones en las que estaría funcionando este enunciado y que considero afectan a lo que sería el núcleo fuerte de su pensamiento, es decir, al concepto de igualdad. La política de la ficción en Rancière es, al tiempo, una estética de la igualdad. De este modo, podremos responder a la pregunta que se sitúa en el fondo de este enunciado doble, y que descansa sobre la perplejidad que su concepto de igualdad despierta: ¿Qué hace, cómo funciona, en definitiva, cómo actúa su concepto de igualdad?This proposal considers analyzing certain meanings that the expression politics of fiction has in its double meaning in the literary thought of Jacques Rancière. The aim is to draw the conceptual map of a contradictory thought, as literature itself, that escapes the logic reason / action. I will attend the two dimensions in which this statement would be working and that I consider affect what would be the strong core of his thought, that is to say, to the concept of equality. The politics of fiction in Rancière is, at the same time, an aesthetic of equality. In this way, we can answer the question that lies at the bottom of this double statement, and that rests on the perplexity that its concept of equality awakens: What does it do, how does it work, in short, how does his concept of equality act?
“Roland Barthes y tú ahora sois amigos”: Facebook y el mito de la amistad
Authors: Márquez Israel
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo analiza el significado de la amistad en la red social Facebook a partir de la idea de mito de Roland Barthes. Consideramos que el uso estratégico del concepto de amistad por parte de Facebook ha creado una suerte de “mito de la amistad” en el que la amistad, un concepto muy variable histórica y culturalmente, es presentado y “normalizado” como algo fundamentalmente positivo y cuantitativo, basado en la lógica de añadir constantemente nuevos “amigos” y compartir información personal con ellos. El artículo, tal y como hizo Barthes en sus famosas Mitologías, trata de “descifrar” y “desmontar” este mito con el objetivo de traer a la superficie su sentido oculto.This article analyzes the meaning of friendship in the social network Facebook through the concept of myth proposed by Roland Barthes. We consider that the strategic use of the concept of friendship by Facebook has created a kind of “myth of friendship” in which friendship, a historically and culturally variable concept, is presented and “normalized” as something fundamentally positive and quantitative, based on the logic of adding new “friends” and sharing personal information with them. The article, as Barthes did in his famous Mythologies, tries to “decipher” and “dismantle” this myth in order to bring to the surface its hidden meaning.
El conflicto como espacio de confusión de elementos semióticos
Authors: Martín Echarri Miguel
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo ofrece un panorama de posibilidades semióticas para el estudio y análisis del engaño en el ámbito del conflicto, ejemplo de la fragilidad y versatilidad de los códigos cuando desaparece la cooperación. En la semiosfera, la no cooperación puede provocar que cada uno de los elementos de la comunicación modifique su función o participe de varias simultáneamente, en una forma de subversión sistemática. A partir de la intensa codificación de la diplomacia y la violencia, un sujeto interesado puede usar la desinformación para involucrar al enemigo en un modelo comunicativo fingido.We offer a panorama of semiotic possibilities for the study and analysis of deception in the domain of conflict, example of the frailty and versatility of codes when cooperation disappears. In the semiosphere, non-cooperation can make any of the elements of comunication modify its functions or participate simultaneously in many, in a kind of systematic subversion. On the basis of the intense codification of violence and diplomacy, a biased subject can use disinformation to involve his enemy in a faked communicative model.
Naturaleza y función de la literatura en la poética explícita de Carlos Pujol
Authors: Vallès Botey Teresa
Published: June 2019

Para contribuir a la comprensión del pensamiento literario del poeta, novelista, crítico y traductor Carlos Pujol (1936-2012) se examinan tres fuentes primarias de su poética, donde de forma explícita —aunque dispersa y fragmentada— aborda cuestiones de fundamento: ¿qué es la literatura? ¿Cuál es su función? El análisis de sus aforismos, entrevistas y correspondencia permite reconstruir un sistema orgánico de pensamiento en el cual proponemos distinguir dos funciones complementarias de la literatura, que concibe como arte y como diversión inteligente que permite ver más allá de la apariencia. Aunque su obra es coetánea a la generación del 70 defiende, como otros autores, planteamientos alternativos al de los llamados novísimos.In order to contribute to the understanding of the literary thought of the poet, novelist, critic and translator Carlos Pujol (1936-2012), we analise three primary sources of his poetics where he explicitly formulates his literary ideas —though scattered and fragmented— responding to fundamental questions such as, What is literature? What is its function? The analysis of his aphorisms, of interviews and correspondence allows us to reconstruct an organic system of thought where there are two complementary functions of literature, viewed both as art and as intelligent fun, allowing us to see beyond appearances. Even if his work is coetaneous with the generation of the 70’s he adopts, like other authors, an approach different from that of the so-called novísimos.
Pluriculturalidad y creación artística italiana en Buenos Aires (Argentina, 1890-1910)
Authors: Weber José Ignacio
Published: June 2019

Buenos Aires a fines del siglo XIX y principios del XX se modelizó como una “Babel”; en respuesta a este modelo surgieron los sistemas de reglas de la estética nacionalista. El análisis de los topics de las letras de canciones compuestas por inmigrantes italianos muestra que vehiculizaron estructuras de sensibilidad asociadas a la italianidad. Entonces, el nacionalismo consideró estos textos como ajenos ―no creolizables―. Por ello, para comprender los efectos de este plexo textual de creación inmigrante no habría que indagar en las condiciones intrínsecas del texto artístico sino en su inadecuación al metatexto instructivo hegemónico nacionalista de la cultura.In the late 19th and early 20th Century Buenos Aires was modeled as “Babel”; in response to this model arose the systems of rules of nationalist aesthetics. The analysis of the topics of the lyrics of songs composed by Italian immigrants shows that they conveyed structures of sensitivity associated with Italianity. Consequently, the nationalism considered these texts as foreign ―not syncretizable―. Therefore, in order to understand the effects of this textual plexus of immigrant creation, one should not inquire into the intrinsic conditions of the artistic text, but rather in its inadequacy to the nationalist hegemonic instructive metatext of culture.
Reseña de: Baranda Leturio, Nieves; Cruz, Anne J. (eds.) Las escritoras españolas de la edad moderna. Historia y guía para la investigación. Madrid: UNED, 2018, 576 págs.
Authors: López-Cordón Victoria
Published: June 2019

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Reseña de: Martínez Moreno; Eva María. Hacia un nuevo concepto de imagen para la lectura de la poesía vanguardista española. Madrid: Fundación Universitaria Española, 2017, 321 págs.
Authors: Antúnez Arce Rafael
Published: June 2019

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Reseña de: Panero, Juan; Santiago Romero, Sergio (Edición y estudio). Cantos del ofrecimiento. Astorga: Asociación de Amigos Casa Panero / Centro de Estudios Astorganos “Marcelo Macías”, 2017, 152 págs.
Authors: Cotarelo Esteban Lucía
Published: June 2019

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The Effects of Non-Farm Enterprises on Farm Households’ Income and Consumption Expenditure in Rural India
Authors: Zeeshan . , Mohapatra Geetilaxmi , Giri Arun Kumar
Published: June 2019

Nationally representative data of farm households from India Human Development Surveys (IHDS) conducted in 2004-05 and 2011-12 are explored. This article analyzes the effects of income diversification in non-farm enterprises on farm households’ income and consumption expenditure in rural India. Panel probit models were built to examine the determinants of income diversification while propensity score matching was used to account selection bias resulting from unobserved factors and controls for structural differences between diversified and undiversified farm households. The results suggest that by engaging in non-farm enterprises, rural farm households make positive gains in farm income and consumption expenditure.
Cíborgs: el cuerpo humano, los dispositivos tecnológicos y la libertad | Cyborgs: human body, technological devices and freedom
Authors: Puig Hernández Marc Abraham
Published: June 2019

Resumen: Con los ciborgs se abre un debate en torno a los usos de los dispositivos tecnológicos que se incorporan al cuerpo humano. La hipótesis que pretendemos defender es que el uso de los mismos puede contribuir a igualar la libertad de todos, diferenciándose de otros fines particulares, que se enmarcan dentro de la autonomía. Esta distinción tiene cabida dentro del debate conocido como la ética del perfeccionamiento y de ahí que el Derecho no pueda permanecer impasible; evaluaremos la regulación de la temática considerando los argumentos expuestos.
Abstract: Cyborgs open a debate about the use of technological devices incorporated into human body. Our hypothesis is this use can contribute to equalize freedom, in contrast with own particular purposes identified in personal autonomy. This distinction has place in Ethics of Human Enhancement, therefore Law cannot remain impassive. We apprise how this matter is regulated considering the arguments given.
Mario
Authors: Jordi Amorós Catalina
Published: June 2019

Homenatge a Mario Ruiz
A vueltas con el Transhumanismo: cuestiones de futuro imperfecto | Dealing with Transhumanism: Issues about the Future Imperfect
Authors: Campione Roger
Published: June 2019

Resumen: El Transhumanismo es una perspectiva que aboga por la posibilidad de mejorar la condición humana física, emocional y cognitiva utilizando el progreso y la tecnología. Las cuestiones que plantea requieren asumir dos premisas, una normativa y otra empírica: la primera es que la formación para el uso de las tecnologías requiere una educación ética y jurídica, además de científica. La segunda implica que en un futuro próximo habrá robots muy sofisticados y dotados de inteligencia artificial avanzada que podrán tomar decisiones operativas, así que ¿cómo regular estas capacidades? Las aplicaciones en el ámbito sanitario muestran los términos del trilema normativo relativo a la distinción conceptual entre “terapia”, “mejora” y “superación” de la condición humana.
Abstract: Transhumanism stands up for the physical, emotional and cognitive human enhancement by progress and technology. The issues in question involve both a normative and an empirical assumption: the first one undertakes that the use of new technologies demands not only a scientific approach but also an ethical and legal one. The second means that in the near future advanced robots with artificial intelligence will make working decisions. So, how shall we have to rule those abilities? Many health implementations show the normative trilemma posed by the conceptual difference between therapy, enhancement and going beyond the human condition.
Derecho y cine. Entre la filosofía y la pedagogía. En reconocimiento a Mario Ruiz | Law and Cinema, Between Philosophy and Pedagogy. In Recognition of Mario Ruiz Sanz
Authors: González Ordovás María José
Published: June 2019

Resumen: Intervenciones en los homenajes a nuestro compañero Mario en Valencia y Valladolid
Abstract: Interventions in tribute to our partner Mario held in Valencia and Valladolid
El legado de Mario Ruiz: Cine, Derecho y Política
Authors: Galiana Saura Ángeles
Published: June 2019

Texto en homenaje al profesor Mario Ruiz Sanz, con especial mención a la docencia del derecho a través del cine.
El Derecho visto por Berlanga | The Law seen by Berlanga
Authors: Rivaya García Benjamín
Published: June 2019

Resumen: El cine de Luis García Berlanga habla del Derecho, del que ofrece una visión cómica y crítica a la vez. La pena de muerte, la reivindicación de la libertad, la censura a la autoridad, el machismo y la corrupción son los tópicos jurídicos berlanguianos.
Abstract: The cinema of Luis García Berlanga talks of Law, of which he offers a comical and critical vision at the same time. The death penalty, the vindication of freedom, censorship of authority, sexism and corruption are the Berlanguan legal topics.
Dignidad, autonomía y discriminación en la obra de Mario | Dignity, Autonomy and Discrimination in Mario Ruiz’s Works
Authors: Fallada García-Valle Juan Ramón
Published: June 2019

Resumen: Texto en que se recoge la intervención hecha en el homenaje realizado al profesor Mario Ruiz durante el XXVII Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Filosofía Jurídica y Política, celebrado en Valladolid. Se expone la interpretación de su pensamiento sobre los temas de dignidad, autonomía, discriminación a partir del examen de su publicación sobre el caso Wakenheim. Su posicionamiento se engarza con otros temas que abordó ampliamente, en particular el de la argumentación jurídica.
Abstract: Text that shares the intervention made in the homage to Professor Mario Ruiz during the  XXVII Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Filosofía Jurídica y Política, held in Valladolid. The interpretation of his thought on the subjects of dignity, autonomy and discrimination is exposed from the examination of his publication on the Wakenheim case. His positioning is linked to other issues that he addressed extensively, like the legal argumentation.
Notas sobre pluralismo jurídico. Revisitando a Mario Ruiz | Some Notes about Juridical Pluralism. Revisiting Mario Ruiz’s Works
Authors: Turégano Mansilla Isabel
Published: June 2019

Resumen: Homenaje a Mario Ruiz en el que se expone su concepción del pluralismo jurídico
Abstract: Homage to Mario Ruiz in which his conception of legal pluralism is shared
La figura de la madre en los casos de las presidentas latinoamericanas Michelle Bachelet (Chile), Cristina Fernández (Argentina) y Dilma Rousseff (Brasil)
Authors: Valenzuela Somogyi Mariana
Published: June 2019

Women’s political action in Latin America has been predominantly represented by the figure of the mother. However, comparative research that focuses on contemporary feminine political leaderships is scarce. Using a qualitative content analysis of speeches and interviews of three Latin American presidents during their terms —Cristina Fernández (Argentina), Dilma Rousseff (Brazil) and Michelle Bachelet (Chile)—, we propose three key figures, related to the maternal image, that are used to think about the manners in which each president is positioned within contemporary strategic frameworks: 1) the instrumental mother, 2) the “super-mother” and 3) the contemporary mother.
A recente fragmentação do campo religioso no Brasil: em busca de explicações
Authors: Brandão André Augusto Pereira , Jorge Amanda Lacerda
Published: June 2019

This article studies the recent shifts in the composition of the Brazilian religious landscape, focusing mainly on changes along two directions. The first corresponds to the widespread growth of evangelical denominations. The second refers to the continuous fragmentation and multiplication of the evangelical denominations from the first years of the 21st century. We use quantitative information from national demographic research conducted in recent decades and also specific data from the registry of churches and places of worship in the city of Rio de Janeiro between 2006 and 2016. The treatment and analysis of these data, underpinned by the bibliography related to religious detraditionalization and the process of secularization, allow for preliminary explanatory hypotheses for the referred phenomena.
Interactions between a subset of substrate side chains and AAA+ motor pore loops determine grip during protein unfolding
Authors: Bell Tristan A , Baker Tania A , Sauer Robert T
Published: June 2019

Most AAA+ remodeling motors denature proteins by pulling on the peptide termini of folded substrates, but it is not well-understood how motors produce grip when resisting a folded domain. Here, at single amino-acid resolution, we identify the determinants of grip by measuring how substrate tail sequences alter the unfolding activity of the unfoldase-protease ClpXP. The seven amino acids abutting a stable substrate domain are key, with residues 2–6 forming a core that contributes most significantly to grip. ClpX grips large hydrophobic and aromatic side chains strongly and small, polar, or charged side chains weakly. Multiple side chains interact with pore loops synergistically to strengthen grip. In combination with recent structures, our results support a mechanism in which unfolding grip is primarily mediated by non-specific van der Waal’s interactions between core side chains of the substrate tail and a subset of YVG loops at the top of the ClpX axial pore.
Språkmedvetenhet i småbarnspedagogiskt arbete – Finländska daghemspedagogers reflektioner
Authors: Sopanen Pauliina
Published: June 2019

Sammandrag: Under det senaste decenniet har Finland blivit alltmer mångspråkigt. Det syns också i styrdokumenten. I denna artikel beskrivs hur pedagoger vid ett tvåspråkigt så kallat samlokaliserat daghem resonerar kring begreppet språkmedvetenhet och hur deras diskurser förhåller sig till det som skrivs om språkmedvetenhet i Grunderna för planen för småbarnspedagogik 2016 (det nationella styrdokumentet för småbarnspedagogik). Enligt resultaten är pedagogerna medvetna om deras roll som språkmedvetna vuxna och hur de kan stödja barns språkliga medvetenhet i svenska/finska medan diskurser om annan flerspråkighet ej förekommer spontant. Studien visar att det är viktigt att diskutera språkmedvetenhet redan i lärarutbildningen och i annan fortbildning.Nyckelord: daghemspedagoger, diskursanalys, småbarnspedagogik, språkmedvetenhet
«Man blir lite osäker på om man gör rätt» – En studie om pedagogers arbete med flerspråkighet i förskolan
Authors: Sjöberg Maria Fredriksson , Lindgren Eneflo Elisabet
Published: June 2019

Sammanfattning: Hur pedagoger i förskolan samtalar om sitt arbete med barns modersmål och vad som fokuseras i samtalen presenteras och diskuteras i denna artikel. Artikelns resultat bygger på en analys av samtal som hållits i tre arbetslag samt i en fokusgrupp där samtliga arbetslag ingått, totalt består deltagarna av två barnskötare och sex förskollärare. Utgångspunkterna är att flerspråkighet är att betrakta som en kompetens och en tillgång samt att pedagoger i förskolan har en betydelsefull roll för barns möjligheter att utveckla sin flerspråkighet. Teoretiskt och metodologiskt vilar studien på en retorisk ansats inom vilken Billigs begrepp ideologiska dilemman har använts som analysverktyg. I analysen framträdde fyra innehållsteman där både strategier i arbetet med barns flerspråkighet stod i fokus samtidigt som dilemman och osäkerheter med desamma framträdde. Studien visar ett komplext arbete där pedagoger, förutom det rent språkliga, ställs att hantera frågor som exempelvis likvärdighet, politik och kulturella uttryck.Nyckelord: Förskola, flerspråkighet, fokusgrupp, ideologiska dilemman, modersmål
Transcriptomic analysis of gills provides insights into the molecular basis of molting in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
Authors: Li Jingjing , Sun Jinsheng , Dong Xuewang , Geng Xuyun , Qiu Gaofeng
Published: June 2019

Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is an economically important freshwater aquaculture species and is a model species for research on the mechanism of molting. This study aimed to identify important candidate genes associated with the molting process and to determine the role of gills in the regulation of molting with the help of transcriptomic analysis. The transcriptomes of crabs at different molting stages—postmolt (PoM), intermolt (InM), premolt (PrM) and ecdysis (E)—were de novo assembled to generate 246,232 unigenes with a mean length of 851 bp. A total of 86,634 unigenes (35.18% of the total unigenes) were annotated against reference databases. Significantly upregulated genes were identified in postmolt compared to intermolt (1,475), intermolt compared to premolt (65), premolt compared to ecdysis (1,352), and ecdysis compared to postmolt (153), and the corresponding numbers of downregulated genes were 1,276, 32, 1,573 and 171, respectively. Chitin synthase, endochitinase, chitinase A, chitinase 3, chitinase 6 and chitin deacetylase 1 were upregulated during the postmolt and ecdysis stages, while phosphoglucomutase 3 (PGM3), glucosamine 6-phosphate deaminase (GNPDA) and glucosamine glycoside hydrolase (nagZ) were upregulated during the intermolt and premolt stages compared to the other stages. The upregulated genes were enriched in several lipid-related metabolic pathways, such as “fatty acid elongation”, “glycerophospholipid metabolism” and “sulfur metabolism”. Meanwhile, three signaling pathways, including the “phosphatidylinositol signaling system”, the “calcium signaling pathway” and the “GnRH signaling pathway” were also enriched. Tetraspanin-18, an important effector gene in the lysosomal pathway involved in cell apoptosis, up-regulate with the beginning of molting (in premolt stage) and reach the top in the ecdysis stage, and barely expressed in the intermolt stage. The expression variations in the tetraspanin-18 gene indicated that it may play an important role in the beginning of molting cycle, which might be regulated by the stress of salinity. This study revealed that the gills could participate in chitin degradation, in reestablishment of the exoskeleton and the signaling process. Based on transcriptomic analysis of the gills, we not only explored novel molecular mechanisms of molting inE. sinensisbut also acquired foundational genetic data forE. sinensis.
Covariations between personality behaviors and metabolic/performance traits in an Asian agamid lizard (Phrynocephalus vlangalii)
Authors: Chen Jingfeng , Qi Yin , Wu Yayong , Wang Xiaocui , Tang Yezhong
Published: June 2019

Ecological factors related to predation risks and foraging play major roles in determining which behavioral traits may mediate life history trade-offs and, therefore, the pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) structure among behavioral, physiological, and life-history traits. It has been proposed that activity/exploration or risk-taking behaviors are more likely to impact resource acquisition for organisms (individuals, populations, and species) foraging on clumped and ephemeral food sources than for organisms foraging on abundant and evenly distributed resources. In contrast, vigilance or freezing behavior would be expected to covary with the pace of life when organisms rely on food items requiring long bouts of handling. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how general this pattern is. We tested this hypothesis by examining the associations between exploration/risk-taking behaviors and metabolic/performance traits for the viviparous agamid lizard, Phrynocephalus vlangalii. This species forages on sparse and patchy food sources. The results showed positive correlations between exploration and endurance capacity, and between bite force and risk-taking willingness. Our current findings, in conjunction with our previous work showed no correlations between freezing behavior and performance in this species, support the idea that behaviors in life-history trade-offs are natural history-dependent in P. vlangalii, and provide evidence that behavioral types play functional roles in life history trade-offs to supporting POLS hypothesis.
Phylogenetic and recombination analyses of two deformed wing virus strains from different honeybee species in China
Authors: Fei Dongliang , Guo Yaxi , Fan Qiong , Wang Haoqi , Wu Jiadi , Li Ming , Ma Mingxiao
Published: June 2019

Background

Deformed wing virus (DWV) is one of many viruses that infect honeybees and has been extensively studied because of its close association with honeybee colony collapse that is induced by Varroa destructor. However, virus genotypes, sequence characteristics, and genetic variations of DWV remain unknown in China.

Methods

Two DWV strains were isolated from Jinzhou and Qinhuangdao cities in China, and were named China1-2017 (accession number: MF770715) and China2-2018 (accession number: MH165180), respectively, and their complete genome sequences were analyzed. To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of the DWV isolates, a phylogenetic tree of the complete open reading frame (ORF), structural protein VP1, and non-structural protein 3C+RdRp of the DWV sequences was constructed using the MEGA 5.0 software program. Then, the similarity and recombinant events of the DWV isolated strains were analyzed using recombination detection program (RDP4) software and genetic algorithm for recombination detection (GARD).

Results

The complete genomic analysis showed that the genomes of the China1-2017 and China2-2018 DWV strains consisted of 10,141 base pairs (bp) and 10,105 bp, respectively, and contained a single, large ORF (China1-2017: 1,146–9,827 bp; China2-2018: 1,351–9,816 bp) that encoded 2,894 amino acids. The sequences were compared with 20 previously reported DWV sequences from different countries and with sequences of two closely related viruses, Kakugo virus (KV) and V. destructor virus-1. Multiple sequence comparisons revealed a nucleotide identity of 84.3–96.7%, and identity of 94.7–98.6% in amino acids between the two isolate strains and 20 reference strains. The two novel isolates showed 96.7% nucleotide identity and 98.1% amino acid identity. The phylogenetic analyses showed that the two isolates belonged to DWV Type A and were closely related to the KV-2001 strain from Japan. Based on the RDP4 and GARD analyses, the recombination of the China2-2018 strain was located at the 4,266–7,507 nt region, with Korea I-2012 as an infer unknown parent and China-2017 as a minor parent, which spanned the entire helicase ORF. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to the complete sequence of DWV isolated from Apis cerana and the possible DWV recombination events in China. Our findings are important for further research of the phylogenetic relationship of DWVs in China with DWV strains from other countries and also contribute to the understanding of virological properties of these complex DWV recombinants.
Determination of Socio-economic Influence of Tillage and Termite on Incidence, Severity and Yield of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Selected Owerri Agricultural Zones, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Ogbedeh K. O. , Epidi T. T. , Dialoke S. A. , Bosah B. O. , Emenyonu C. A. , Cookey C. O. , Nnebue M. O.
Published: June 2019

The field investigation was conducted in 2015 in four selected Agricultural zones of Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria namely Ezinnihite Mbaise (Zone 1), Owerri North (Zone 2), Mbaitoli (Zone 3) and Owerri West (Zone 4). A random selection of thirty cassava farmers from each of the study areas was made. The sample size was made up of a total of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents. Data were collected through structural questionnaire administration to the respondents on the four selected zones and were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics such as the use of Percentages, Frequencies and Means. Result indicates that majority of the respondents sampled in this study practiced mounding for their cassava production. Also greater proportion of them (respondents) claimed that apart from other known endemic pests like grasshopper, mealybug, green mites etc., termite poses greater threat to their cassava farm. However, highest cassava yield occurred in areas where mounds and/or ridges were practiced. In view of the prevailing high water table of the sampled areas, farmers are advised to continue with the practice of mounding and/or ridging for their cassava production.