bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antigos argumentos, novos desafios: políticas públicas e o movimento antivacina
Authors: Miler-da-Silva Leonardo Linhares , Neves Raphaela Abud , Garrido Rodrigo Grazinoli , Gomes Daniel Machado
Published: November 2021

Não constitui novidade a existência de desafios impostos pelo negacionismo científico às políticas públicas de imunização. Na história do Brasil, observa-se que o movimento antivacina esteve presente desde o século XIX, baseando-se em justificativas falaciosas que descredenciavam a ciência pelos mais diferentes argumentos jurídicos, morais e religiosos. O presente texto tem como objetivo interpretar a refutação às políticas públicas de combate à pandemia de coronavírus à luz dos eventos que resultaram na Revolta da Vacina. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa, delineada pela busca de artigos científicos e bibliografias nos principais repositórios eletrônicos internacionais. Os descritores utilizados para busca foram: vacinas, COVID-19, imunização, histórico, medidas sanitárias, negacionismo, movimentos antivacina e Brasil, além das suas respectivas traduções para a língua inglesa. Foi percebida uma linha de continuidade entre os discursos do passado e do presente que se opõem às medidas restritivas e à vacinação, seja pela alegação de defesa da liberdade individual, seja pela invocação de ideias obscurantistas. Conclui-se que a recusa arbitrária ao cumprimento de políticas públicas sanitárias configura exercício abusivo do direito de liberdade individual, por expor a sociedade a riscos graves e evitáveis.
Notes on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a region of Brazil
Authors: Variza Paula Fassicolo , Pereira Thiago Nunes , Oliveira Joice Guilherme de , Fernandes Millena , Avelar Daniel Moreira de , Milagres Tarcísio de Freitas , Silva Wellington Junior da , Cardoso Diogo Tavares , Silva Onilda Santos da , Gontijo Célia Maria Ferreira , Prophiro Josiane Somariva
Published: November 2021

The family Psychodidae has a cosmopolitan distribution with members that occur in many habitats, mainly in humid environments, and is most diverse in the tropics. Subfamilies Sycoracinae and Phlebotominae have females with hematophagous habits and the latter studied more due to medical and veterinary interest, since it includes species that can transmit diseases to animals and humans. The knowledge about the sand fly fauna in a region is extremely important for adequate monitoring and control measures for leishmaniasis. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize Psychodidae fauna in relation to richness, abundance and molecular identification of Leishmania spp. in sand flies in southern Santa Catarina, Brazil. The ollections were carried out between 2015 and 2016 in three cities in Santa Catarina, Brazil. Samples were taken near feeding places for domestic animals, urban forest and peridomicile areas. The insects were identified and female sand flies were submitted to molecular analysis to detect the presence of Leishmania spp.. A total of 4,200 insects were collected, 4,193 from the Sycoracinae subfamily and 7 Phlebotominae from the Nyssomyia neivai and Pintomyia fisheri species. Of the studied municipalities, sandflies were registered in Tubarão and Imaruí and the most frequent habitat was the peridomicile areas. No samples were positive for Leishmania spp. In conclusion, the work highlights the presence of two species of sandflies, which were recorded for the first time in southern Santa Catarina.
“Tentamos trabalhar, mas ninguém viu a maioria das propostas sendo efetivadas”: impactos do Orçamento Participativo Digital de Volta Redonda entre 2017-2020
Authors: Luciano Evandro Carlos Silva , Baptista Vinicius Ferreira
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar as contribuições do Orçamento Participativo Digital de Volta Redonda (OPD-VR) no período de 2017-2020 para a efetividade da participação social no município de Volta Redonda nas suas relações locais e resolução de problemas públicos. Para tanto, partimos de referencial teórico acerca de participação, deliberação democrática e impactos do orçamento participativo digital. Metodologicamente, situamos pesquisa qualitativa com o apoio de aplicação de questionários e entrevista semiestruturada conduzida com membros relevantes que aturam diretamente no OPD-VR. A partir da Técnica de Triangulação criamos as categorias “Participação”, “Representação”, “Controle Social e Transparência” e “Distribuição de Recursos” para analisar e justificar o potencial analítico dos orçamentos participativos digitais em seu conceito, prática, alcance, disponibilidade e capacidade interventiva. Todavia, no caso de Volta Redonda, observamos que os mecanismos de participação digital que priorizam ações individuais, não oferecem espaços de deliberação coletiva e, de certa forma, diminuem a importância coletiva da participação.
O papel do enfermeiro na educação sexual dos adolescentes
Authors: Rodrigues Sílvia Maria da Silva Sant'ana , Melo Thaynara de Almeida , Santos Camila Brunelle Pereira , Teles Weber de Santana , Silva Max Cruz da , Torres Ruth Cristini , Azevedo Marcel Vinícius Cunha , Calasans Taíssa Alice Soledade , Silva Maria Hozana Santos , Hora Aline Barreto , Andrade Ana Fátima Souza Melo de , Barros Ângela Maria Melo Sá , Santos Junior Paulo Celso Curvelo
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar o papel do enfermeiro no cuidado a saúde do adolescente, descrevendo ações prestadas para auxiliá-los em casos de gestação precoce, e enfatizar a importância de utilizar métodos contraceptivos para prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura com artigos já publicados, foram selecionados artigos de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. Após leitura e coleta de dados da temática, os resultados mostraram que adolescentes têm iniciado a relação sexual precocemente, apesar de terem conhecimento sobre o assunto abordado, existe uma porcentagem desse grupo vulnerável as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, devido à diminuição e/ou a falta da orientação a saúde sexual. O apoio familiar e o acolhimento dos profissionais de saúde em casos de gravidez precoce é fundamental, para acompanhar a saúde da adolescente e do bebê durante as consultas, afim de prevenir os riscos na gestação que levem a complicações futuras. A troca de informações entre adolescentes e o enfermeiro é imprescindível, pois aprimora o conhecimento dos jovens e os aproxima dos profissionais de saúde, através das ações educativas. É necessário entender a realidade para que tenha intervenções objetivas, com resultado positivo e participação dos jovens em todo dinamismo, assim existindo diálogo e momento de reflexões das experiências vividas. Entende-se que para redução desses agravos é necessário que o enfermeiro elabore técnicas de ações educativas para despertar o interesse dos adolescentes e manter uma troca de saberes entre os grupos formados, assim proporcionando qualidade de vida e educação em saúde.
Respostas fisiológicas da cana-de-açúcar com suplementação potássica em dois regimes hídricos
Authors: Ribeiro Pedro Henrique , Gava Glauber José de Castro , Arlanch Adolfo Bergamo , Teixeira Marconi Batista , Santos Evaldo Alves dos , Cabral Filho Fernando Rodrigues , Lelis Neto João Alberto , Cunha Fernando Nobre , Alves Daniely Karen Matias , Bastos Alefe Viana Souza , Silva Edson Cabral da , Vidal Vitor Marques , Morais Wilker Alves
Published: November 2021

A cana-de-açúcar é uma das principais culturas exploradas no Brasil, seja em condições de sequeiro ou irrigada.  A água e o nutriente potássio são insumos que podem interferir na fisiologia dessa cultura e, quando fornecido em fertirrigação, permite uma maior eficiência do uso da água e de fertilizantes. O potássio é o nutriente mais exigido pela cana-de-açúcar e a sua eficiência é melhorada quando se utiliza a fertirrigação. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar as respostas fisiológicas da cana-de-açúcar durante o terceiro ciclo de cultivo (soqueira) quanto à aplicação de doses de potássio em condições de sequeiro e irrigação. O experimento foi desenvolvido em esquema de parcelas subdivididas (4 x 2), sendo quatro doses de adubação potássica (0, 70, 140 e 210 kg ha-1 de K2O) com e sem irrigação. A condutância estomática foi maior quando as plantas de cana-de-açúcar foram irrigadas em todas as doses de potássio estudadas, exceto para o controle aos 235 e 393 dias após o corte. O índice SPAD não apresentou diferença entre as condições irrigado e sequeiro em todas as doses de adubação potássica e épocas de avaliação. Há diferença no índice de área foliar entre as plantas irrigadas e em condições de sequeiro apenas quando se aplica a dose de 140 kg ha-1 de K2O aos 340 dias após o corte.
Síntese do percursor (P)MCM-22 e modificações térmica, deslaminação e acidificação
Authors: Lima Wellington Siqueira , Silva Francisco Alex de Sousa , Quintela Paulo Henrique Leite , Rodrigues Meiry Gláucia Freire
Published: November 2021

Neste trabalho foi preparado o precursor (P)MCM-22 a partir do método hidrotérmico em sistema estático e realizadas modificações térmica, deslaminação e acidificação. Esse estudo tem a finalidade otimizar a modificação que promove a desorganização das lamelas do precursor zeolítico e torna os sítios ativos mais acessíveis. O precursor (P)MCM-22 foi preparado sob condições hidrotérmica com temperatura de 150 oC e tempo de cristalização de 7 dias. O processo de deslaminação foi realizado via intumescimento do precursor lamelar com CTABr e posterior esfoliação por sonicação. Foram utilizadas técnicas de caracterização tais como, difratometria de raios X, Análise química por Espectroscopia de Raios X por Energia Dispersiva e Adsorção Física de Nitrogênio. Os resultados de DRX revelaram que o precursor (P)MCM-22 e a zeólita MCM-22 foram formados. Foi observado pelas análises de DRX dos produtos das sínteses realizadas, que a presença do surfactante CTABr promove a desorganização das lamelas. Conclui-se também que houve influência da acidificação nas propriedades dos produtos finais.
Obtenção de barrinha açucarada à base de farinha de tapioca saborizada com polpa de maracujá por meio de metodologia de superfície de resposta
Authors: Freitas Alessandra Ferraiolo de , Mattietto Rafaella de Andrade , Carvalho Ana Vânia
Published: November 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver barrinha açucarada à base de farinha de tapioca saborizada com polpa de maracujá, utilizando um planejamento fatorial e superfície de resposta. O planejamento adotado foi do tipo composto central rotacional 22, onde as variáveis independentes foram a concentração de polpa de maracujá (11%, 15%, 25%, 35% e 39%) e a concentração de sacarose (33%, 35%, 40%, 45% e 47%). Como variáveis resposta foram avaliados os atributos sensoriais cor, aroma, sabor, doçura, textura e impressão global e a intenção de compra. O planejamento experimental permitiu otimizar a formulação da barrinha açucarada (11% polpa de maracujá, 40% de sacarose e 49% de farinha de tapioca), indicando que superfícies de resposta podem ser úteis no desenvolvimento de produtos com base em respostas sensoriais. A formulação otimizada mostrou médias acima de 7 para os atributos sensoriais cor, aroma, sabor, doçura, textura e impressão global, o que correspondeu a índices de aceitação superiores a 84%. A barrinha é um produto novo, de fabricação simples e de baixo custo de investimento. Tem elevado valor energético e apresenta baixo risco de deterioração por microrganismos. É ainda isenta de glúten, aditivos e coadjuvantes de tecnologia.
A lateralidade e o desenvolvimento motor infantil de crianças quilombolas
Authors: Pinto Alex Lima , Lima Karen Pereira Moreira , Pantoja Assis Júnior Cardoso , Reis Rafaela dos Santos , Batista Maiara Silvana Salgado , Leite Iani Dias Lauer
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a lateralidade de crianças quilombolas e sua relação com o desenvolvimento motor. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório observacional, de caráter analítico, do tipo descritivo e transversal, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, realizada na comunidade quilombola de Tiningu, Santarém-Pará. A amostra foi composta por 18 crianças de ambos os sexos com idade entre 7 e 11 anos. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizada a EDM proposta por Rosa Neto (2002). Os dados foram tabulados e analisados de acordo com a proposta de Rosa Neto (2002) e passaram por análise estatística descritiva simples no Microsoft Office Excel 2010 e BioEstat versão 5.0. Resultados e discussão: A faixa etária em maior quantidade se concentra nas idades de 10 a 11 anos. Os resultados de lateralidade mostram que a maioria das crianças (72,22%) eram destras completas, (27,78%), apresentaram lateralidade indefinida e nenhuma criança apresentou lateralidade sinistra ou cruzada. Conclusão: É importante analisar a lateralidade das crianças, pois a partir dessa habilidade, elas podem dominar seus movimentos e conhecer a si mesmas e o mundo ao seu redor. Sugere-se a realização de estudos similares, com amostras representativas, apontando dados que chamem a atenção para uma visão mais ampla da lateralidade em crianças, como prevenção e intervenção de prováveis distorções no processo de aprendizagem.
Implementation of ecopreneurship-oriented project-based learning (pbl) to improve the entrepreneurial spirit and student learning outcomes
Authors: Rokhmawati Ana , Faizati Puji Savvy Dian
Published: November 2021

The Environmental Knowledge course is a compulsory subject for STKIP PGRI Lumajang students. The value of student learning outcomes in this subject is low. In addition, based on the results of the questionnaire, it is known that the entrepreneurial spirit of students is low. The objective of this research is to improve the entrepreneurial spirit and student learning outcomes through ecopreneurship-oriented project-based learning. This type of research is classroom action research. The subjects in this research were students of Mathematics Education STKIP PGRI Lumajang class 2019. The research instrument used was an entrepreneurial spirit observation sheet with a rating scale and cognitive learning outcomes test questions. There are 13 test questions in this research. Data collection techniques using observation and tests. Based on the results of the research showed that the entrepreneurial spirit of students in the first cycle was 77.24 and in the second cycle was 83.90. Student learning outcomes in the first cycle of 73.96 and the second cycle of 80.54. This shows that the implementation of ecopreneurship-oriented project-based learning improves the entrepreneurial spirit and student learning outcomes of STKIP PGRI Lumajang in the Environmental Knowledge course.
A DECENTRALIZED CRYPTOGRAPHIC BLOCKCHAIN APPROACH FOR HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Kumaran Dr.J.Chenni , Machado Antony Eric , R Dharanidharan , Bose Rishi Johnson
Published: November 2021

Blockchain had been an exciting studies vicinity for a
long term and the advantages it gives had been utilized by
some of diverse industries. Similarly, the healthcare zone
stands to advantage immensely from the blockchain
generation because of protection, privacy, confidentiality and
decentralization. Nevertheless, the Electronic Health Record
(EHR) structures face issues concerning records protection,
integrity and management. In this paper, we speak how the
blockchain generation may be used to convert the EHR
structures and might be an answer of those issues. We gift a
framework that would be used for the implementation of
blockchain generation in healthcare zone for EHR. The goal
of our proposed framework is first off to put into effect
blockchain generation for EHR and secondly to offer stable
garage of digital facts via way of means of defining granular
get entry to guidelines for the customers of the proposed
framework. Moreover, this framework additionally discusses
the scalability trouble confronted via way of means of the
blockchain generation in preferred through use of off-chain
garage of the facts. This framework gives the EHR device with
the advantages of getting a scalable, stable and imperative
blockchain-primarily based totally answer with use of sha256
hashing algorithm.
SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION FOR SELF DRIVING CARS
Authors: Vaishnavi M , Varshitha K , Usha G , Mounika C , Narasimha C
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a novel approach for
Semantic segmentation which is one of the biggest challenge
increasing in an order and have been making humans hold
keen active interest to result in fast and accurate semantic
segmentation. Whereas At present, we are trying to solve
this problem of semantic segmentation using the segnet
which makes its more accurate interms of accuracy,
computational time, and inference time. and here we are
using segnet model to take this to the next level which
includes max-pooling, Batch normalization techniques to
map low-resolution features to input resolution for pixelwise classification and the architecture here consists of an
encoder which takes the input image and is identical to 13
convolutional layers and a decoder that uses segnet followed
by pixel-wise classification layer. and also when compared
with other architectures segnet provides good performance
with competitive inference time and most efficient memory.
So, therefore here we are presenting deep fully convolutional
neural network architecture for semantic pixel-wise
segmentation termed SegNet.
OVERVIEW OF POST-COMBUSTION NOX EMISSION CONTROL MECHANISM IN INDIAN COAL FIRED POWER PLANTS
Authors: Minj Arun
Published: November 2021

The importance of Coal in generation
of electricity is well established. But, during the
combustion of coal for generation of electricity,
oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are also released. These
oxides of nitrogen are pollutants which have an
adverse effect on both the human life as well as
the environment. Due to the increased pollution
level from Coal Fired Power Plants, Ministry of
Environment & Forests (MOE&F) on Dec 2015,
announced stringent standards for coal based
thermal power plants under the Environment
Protection Act of 1986. Though various NOx
control systems have been installed and
functioning properly worldwide, but their
provenness in the Indian scenario is yet to be
established. As the coal in which the Indian
power plants operates have a very different
characteristics than the coal used abroad for
power plants. This paper aims to address and
explore the various methods and challenges in
reducing the NOx emissions from Coal Fired
Power Plants while firing Indigenous coal.
HUMAN ACTIVITY RECOGNITION AND FALL DETECTION
Authors: Jatkar Disha Deepak , Surve Prof. Anil R
Published: November 2021

Personalized monitoring and its application is
increasing with the advancement of technology. And
during pandemics its become very essential to keep an eye
on the prone area and one of the area to identify was old
age home. Dizziness, unconsciousness, and others are the
common problems associated with elderly people due to
weakness and this was also the symptoms of covid. So an
unusual activity of falling of elderly people was very
difficult to identify and also to monitor. The technology
was updated till now to identify posture of normal activity
such as running, walking, jumping and many but revert to
that falling was an area need to explore. During the fall of
an elderly person, the injuries are very fatal, and to void
this case we proposed a design to identify the fall and try
to notify the system about its fall. Although we try to
predict the fall so that it becomes easy to monitor and
provide medical help as soon as possible. The main theme
is to identify the posture activity and once identify we will
compare the activity with trained datasets and if it’s
normal in vision them no notification occurred and if the
percentage of falls was high then we can predict the system
as fall video
STRESS PREDICTION USING RANDOM FOREST LINEAR REGRESSION
Authors: Rajendra Mali Vaibhav , Surve Prof. Anil R.
Published: November 2021

In today’s world stress has become a more
familiar word because of its disastrous impact on the
huge number of people worldwide. It is very important
to keep stress under control every time, as it is the
primitive reason for much major health issues. Some
people meditate to g e t r i d o f i t and others choose to
use medicines to control their stress levels. Students also
found with very much stressed out because of
academics, projects, exams, and whatnot. There are
many ways through which one can check whether you
have stress or not. According to this situation, the
medical diagnosis system based on human physiology
becomes more requisite as compared to others. Human
physiology-based study plays a important character in
the detection of mental stress in persons. There have
also been eventual researches which are done on the
detection of stress based on facial emotions. To find out
whether stressed or not we need to see a doctor and get
checked, but it seems to be not practical at all times to
do so. In fact, in the era of digitalism, where everyone
has a smartphone there is a dearth of finding novel
ways through which we can make use of technology to
detect your stress levels automatically. There are
wearable devices that detect stress levels based on your
body activity. Many approaches aim for the detection of
stress through the use of wearable devices. The
approach that we are presenting in this project is
predicting stress through medical data of the patients
using random forest regression. Additionally, an
examination between oneself fabricated convolution
neural model and a portion of the pre-trained models
has been finished. This is another methodology and we
are getting very promising precision by utilizing
sufficient research experiments on 2000 irregular trees
in the model. The results achieved are the outcomes of
effectively anticipated with the accuracy utilizing the
model. The outcomes of this research can be useful in
directing the future which explor
HOUSEHOLDS PRACTICE AND AWARENESS DIMENSION ON THE RECYCLING OF ELECTRONIC WASTE IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Authors: Sanjo Kazeem Abolarin , Mohammed Isah , Abba Gana Bukar , Mam Ago Maina
Published: November 2021

Electronic waste generation has been
increasing at a rate three times faster than that of general
waste stream. Developing nations like Nigeria bear the
consequences as it is estimated that 500 containers, each
carrying about 500,000 used computers and other
electronic equipment, enter Nigeria’s ports every month
from the United States, Europe and Asia. To this effect,
The United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)
and the Federal Government of Nigeria have announced a
$15 million initiative to establish an electronic system in
Nigeria, which will pioneer safe e-waste recycling in the
country. It is against this background that this study was
conducted to determine the households’ awareness and
practice towards the recycling of e-waste, as well as the
most suitable collection pattern within Kano Metropolis.
The data for this study was collected using Open Data Kit
(ODK) mobile phone platform, which contained questions
on households’ characteristics, current practices regarding
disposal and recycling of electronic waste as well as their
awareness dimension on the recycling of e-waste.
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to
estimate the average number of unused households’
appliances and also to analyse household awareness and
practice. The awareness dimension of the surveyed
households about recycling of electronic waste was
determined and 97% of the households are aware of the
significance of electronic waste recycling. The positive
statements presented about awareness indicates a positive
awareness dimension about the significance of recycling
electronic waste. Among the sampled households, 23%
engage in e-waste recycling, and they all do this by selling
their wastes (electronic waste, inclusive) to house-to-house
scavengers. Majority of the households (77.4%) do not
recycle electronic waste. They either keep them at home
for decoration, give them out for free, burn them or
dispose them in open dumpsites. The average quantity of
e-waste prese
VOICE CONTROLLED VEHICLE USING MQTT SERVER
Authors: Ubale N Ayush , M U Pranavya , Guha Neogi Poli , Jethava Hardik
Published: November 2021

The voice-controlled vehicle was created
to make human work easier, since we live in an artificial
intelligence-driven world where robots perform many
tasks. The human voice is used to drive the vehicle. A stable
android mobile application built with android studio
software transmits the speech. It's essentially a Wi-Fi link.
Using the mobile application, we can operate the vehicle
with our voice from anywhere. The NodeMCU IoT
framework is free and open source. It includes firmware for
the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, a Espressif Systems SoC, and
ESP-12 module hardware. With the application that has
been created, human work may become simpler. Since the
vehicle will be linked to Wi-Fi, we will be able to access it
from any location in our project. He or she will use the
Android application to send commands or voice commands
such as forward, backward, left, right, left forward, left
backward, right forward, right backward, and right
forward, right backward. The pins have been connected to
the NodeMCU esp8266, and the code to control the car has
been written. When an object or vehicle inhibits the car's
movement, an ultrasonic sensor is used to stop it. The voice
is recognised and forwarded to the HiveMQ server, where
it is processed. HiveMQ's MQTT broker is optimised for
cloud native deployments to take advantage of cloud
resources. The use of MQTT reduces the amount of
bandwidth used to transport data across the network. Low
overall operating costs are a result of efficient IoT solutions.
The hivemq server receives the command from the Android
application and sends it to the NodeMCU microcontroller,
which programmes the code to drive the vehicle. The voicecontrolled robot vehicle project has military, surveillance,
and human applications in scope. It's a voice-activated
wireless robot vehicle. The project's main goal is to guide
the robotic vehicle to a specific location. In addition, the
project's main goal is to use voice to control the robot. It is
now possible to have
ICT TOOLS TO SUPPORT CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN THE WATER SERVICES SECTOR: CASE STUDY MAURITIUS
Authors: Sunkur Reshma , St. Flour Olivier , Bokhoree Chandradeo
Published: November 2021

Technological innovation over the past years has
reshaped the water sector, allowing conservation and
optimized use of this valuable commodity as well as protect
nations against water related disasters. Water adaptation
has now become primordial in the face of climate change
since it is one of the most important resources on which
human life depends in addition to economic activities and
societal well-being. Yet, smart water application is not
simply adhering to technological paraphernalia and trend,
but to contextualize the need and investment for long term
gains and sustainability. This is especially important for
the SIDS such as Mauritius which are specially at risk to
water stresses in the future both due to their geographical
locations and availability of resources. The aim of this
study was to review the ICT tools that are in use in the
water services sector and identify their strengths and
weaknesses in order to select the most appropriate one for
a coastal nation like Mauritius. 60 papers and 9 tools were
selected and an evaluation matrix was created to assess
their pros and cons in order to identity the most relevant
one in the local context. Thus, based on the criteria chosen,
sensors and GIS were deemed as the most suitable ICT
tools that Mauritius can apply to engage in water
smartness
A mesterséges intelligencia története
Authors: Buzás György Miklós
Published: November 2021

A mesterséges intelligencián alapuló vizsgálati módszerek az utóbbi évtizedekben terjedtek el az orvostudományban, így a gasztroenterológiában is. A mesterséges intelligencia előfutárai az ókorban jelentek meg, és szakaszosan fejlődtek az eltelt évszázadok során. A mai értelemben vett mesterséges intelligencia fogalmai (mélytanulás, gépi tanulás, neurális hálózatok, fuzzy logika) az 1950-es évektől alakultak ki. Magyar tudósok számos jelentős elméleti és gyakorlati megoldással járultak hozzá e folyamathoz. A mesterséges intelligencia módszereit egyre szélesebb körben alkalmazzák a gasztroenterológia számos területén (Helicobacter pylori diagnosztika, daganatos betegségek, gyulladásos bélbetegségek, képalkotó módszerek, gyógyszertervezés). Kialakulóban vannak hazai centrumok, ahol a mesterséges intelligencia saját fejlesztésű módszereit alkalmazzák.
Varixvérzés
Authors: Vitális Zsuzsanna
Published: November 2021

Májzsugoros beteg felső tápcsatornai vérzése esetén varixvérzést kell feltételezni, mivel jóval gyakoribb, mint az egyéb lokalizációból származó vérzések. Légútbiztosítás után az első lépés a keringés stabilizálása és a szükséges laboratóriumi vizsgálatok elvégzése, köztük a vércsoport meghatározása. Két branülön át vénát kell biztosítani, és el kell indítani az intravénás folyadékpótlást, amely során a restriktív töltés elvét kell érvényesíteni. A beteget a súlyos alapbetegsége miatt lehetőleg intenzív osztályon kell elhelyezni. A felső tápcsatornai vérzés észlelésekor, még az endoszkópiát megelőzően el kell indítani az oktreotid- vagy terlipressinkezelést, illetve az antibiotikumprofilaxist. A keringésstabilizálást követően, de mindenképpen 12 órán belül meg kell hogy történjen a gasztroszkópia és a lokális vérzéscsillapítás. Varixvérzés esetén akkor is el kell végezni a ligációt (szkleroterápiát), cianoakrilát-kezelést, ha aktuálisan vérzés már nem észlelhető. Amennyiben a Hgb 70 g/l alatti, amint a vér megérkezik, a transzfúziót el kell indítani, de az értékét 90 g/l fölé lehetőleg ne emeljük! Az antibiotikumot legalább 5 napig, az intravénás vazopresszorokat minimum 3 napig kell alkalmazni.
Concepts of Semantic Group Uy-Bulo (Family) in Proverses and Sayings
Authors: Maksutova Zh. , Abdullaeva Zh.
Published: November 2021

Research relevance: the concept we are studying “ata-ene” (parents) is based on the world outlook and views of the Kyrgyz nationality, within the framework of which the concepts contained in proverbs, sayings and catchphrases are analyzed as components like “ata” (father), “ene” (mother), “uul” (son), “kyz” (daughter), “ezhe” (elder sister), “siadi” (younger sister), “aha” (older brother ), “ini ”(younger brother), “zhege” (aunt, daughter-in-law), which reflect the level of world outlook and the linguistic picture of the world of the Kyrgyz people within the concept of “uy-bulo” (family). Research purpose is study and analysis of concept “ata-ene” (parents) in proverbs and sayings. Research methods: analysis of the concept based on the world outlook and views of the Kyrgyz nationality in proverbs, sayings and catchphrases. Research results can be used: in the practice and in teaching the course of comparative typology, lexicology of the Russian, Kyrgyz and English languages, as well as in teaching Russian, Kyrgyz and English on a linguocultural basis, both in foreign and national audiences. Conclusions: in the above proverbs, explicit and implicit meanings are interdependent.
Can Satellite Mega-constellations Justify Their Impact on Astronomy?
Authors: Petchetti Sai Charan
Published: November 2021

Near-earth space is being increasingly commercialised by private space companies. This has many consequences for science, particularly, astronomy. Some estimates show that more than 100,000 satellites may orbit the Earth by 2030. Satellite mega-constellations for satellite Internet connectivity are one of the main drivers behind the explosion in the number of satellites. Here, we briefly note whether such satellite mega-constellations can justify their impact on astronomy.
Follow-up of Geriatric Patients with Pressure Ulcers by Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery in Intensive Care Conditions
Authors: AHMEDOV Anvar , AHMEDOV Yeşim
Published: November 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to define the Follow-up results and the observation of relationship between the clinical features and woundconditions of geriatric patients with pressure ulcers treated in the intensive care unit by Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (PRAS)Methods: The research was carried out at Evliya Çelebi Training and Research Hospital of Kütahya University of Health Sciences betweenJanuary 2018 and January 2020. All pressure ulcers on set of our patients was observed during hospitalization. Study was conducted on 215patients hospitalized in neurology and general intensive care units. Ulcer diagnosis was performed by European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel(EPUAP) and National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP). Patient data were collected and evaluated by surgical care nurse and PRC surgeontogether during the visit. The confidentiality and personal rights of each patient were respected.Results: There were 215 patients with pressure injuries, 45.6% were hospitalized in the neurology intensive care unit and 42.5% were with thediagnosis of cerebrovascular disease, 41.6% of patients state of consciousness was evaluated as confused. Gender prevalence were 52.2% werefemale with mean age 72.5 ± 2.4. There are 43.2% of the ulcers were in the sacral area, 52% were in stage 2, all patients had fecal / urinaryincontinence.Conclusion: Awareness and education of the care professionals working in intensive care units in terms of preventive measures can savepatients from pressure ulcers and avoid patients from the difficult and risky surgical interventions.
In-Vivo Measurement of Ocular Deformation in Response to Ambient Pressure Modulation
Authors: Kling Sabine
Published: November 2021

A novel approach is presented for the non-invasive quantification of axial displacement and strain in corneal and anterior crystalline lens tissue in response to a homogenous ambient pressure change. A spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system was combined with a custom-built set of swimming goggles and a pressure control unit to acquire repetitive cross-sectional scans of the anterior ocular segment before, during and after ambient pressure modulation. The potential of the technique is demonstrated in vivo in a healthy human subject. The quantification of the dynamic deformation response, consisting of axial displacement and strain, demonstrated an initial retraction of the eye globe (−0.43 to −1.22 nm) and a subsequent forward motion (1.99 nm) in response to the pressure change, which went along with a compressive strain induced in the anterior crystalline lens (−0.009) and a tensile strain induced in the cornea (0.014). These mechanical responses appear to be the result of a combination of whole eye motion and eye globe expansion. The latter simulates a close-to-physiologic variation of the intraocular pressure and makes the detected mechanical responses potentially relevant for clinical follow-up and pre-surgical screening. The presented measurements are a proof-of-concept that non-contact low-amplitude ambient pressure modulation induces tissue displacement and strain that is detectable in vivo with OCT. To take full advantage of the high spatial resolution this imaging technique could offer, further software and hardware optimization will be necessary to overcome the current limitation of involuntary eye motions.
Artificial Intelligent Multi-Modal Point-of-Care System for Predicting Response of Transarterial Chemoembolization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Zhongqi , Shi Zhongxing , Xin Yanjie , Zhao Sheng , Jiang Hao , Wang Dandan , Zhang Linhan , Wang Ziao , Dai Yanmei , Jiang Huijie
Published: November 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks the second most lethal tumor globally and is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Unfortunately, HCC is commonly at intermediate tumor stage or advanced tumor stage, in which only some palliative treatment can be used to offer a limited overall survival. Due to the high heterogeneity of the genetic, molecular, and histological levels, HCC makes the prediction of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) efficacy and the development of personalized regimens challenging. In this study, a new multi-modal point-of-care system is employed to predict the response of TACE in HCC by a concept of integrating multi-modal large-scale data of clinical index and computed tomography (CT) images. This multi-modal point-of-care predicting system opens new possibilities for predicting the response of TACE treatment and can help clinicians select the optimal patients with HCC who can benefit from the interventional therapy.
Engineering the Oleaginous Yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides for Improved Resistance Against Inhibitors in Biomass Hydrolysates
Authors: Lyu Liting , Chu Yadong , Zhang Sufang , Zhang Yue , Huang Qitian , Wang Shuang , Zhao Zongbao K.
Published: November 2021

Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into lipids and related chemicals has attracted much attention in the past two decades, and the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidiumtoruloides has been widely used in this area. While R. toruloides species naturally have physiological advantages in terms of substrate utilization, lipid accumulation, and inhibitor resistance, reduced lipid production and cell growth are noticed when biomass hydrolysates are used as feedstocks. To improve the robustness of R. toruloides, here, we devised engineered strains by overexpressing genes responsible for phenolic compound degradation. Specifically, gene expression cassettes of the manganese peroxidase gene (MNP) and versatile peroxidase gene (VP) were constructed and integrated into the genome of R. toruloides NP11. A series of engineered strains were evaluated for lipid production in the presence of typical phenolic inhibitors. The results showed that R. toruloides strains with proper expression of MNP or VP indeed grew faster in the presence of vanillin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural than the parental strain. When cultivated in concentrated mode biomass hydrolysates, the strain VP18 had improved performance as the cell mass and lipid content increased by 30% and 25%, respectively. This study provides more robust oleaginous yeast strains for microbial lipid production from lignocellulosic biomass, and similar efforts may be used to devise more advanced lipid producers.
The m6A RNA Modification Modulates Gene Expression and Fibrosis-Related Pathways in Hypertrophic Scar
Authors: Liu Si-Yu , Wu Jun-Jie , Chen Zhong-hua , Zou Ming-Li , Teng Ying-ying , Zhang Kai-Wen , Li Yue-Yue , Guo Dang-yang , Yuan Feng-Lai
Published: November 2021

Purpose: To systematically analyze the overall m6A modification pattern in hyperplastic scars (HS).

Methods: The m6A modification patterns in HS and normal skin (NS) tissues were described by m6A sequencing and RNA sequencing, and subsequently bioinformatics analysis was performed. The m6A-related RNA was immunoprecipitated and verified by real-time quantitative PCR.

Results: The appearance of 14,791 new m6A peaks in the HS sample was accompanied by the disappearance of 7,835 peaks. The unique m6A-related genes in HS were thus associated with fibrosis-related pathways. We identified the differentially expressed mRNA transcripts in HS samples with hyper-methylated or hypo-methylated m6A peaks.

Conclusion: This study is the first to map the m6A transcriptome of human HS, which may help clarify the possible mechanism of m6A-mediated gene expression regulation.
A Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis Molecular Subtype-Related Signature Applicable for Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment Estimation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huo Junyu , Cai Jinzhen , Guan Ge , Liu Huan , Wu Liqun
Published: November 2021

Background:Due to the heterogeneity of tumors and the complexity of the immune microenvironment, the specific role of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not fully understood, especially its impact on prognosis.

Methods:The training set (n= 609, merged by TCGA and GSE14520) was clustered into three subtypes (C1, C2, and C3) based on the prognosis-related genes associated with ferroptosis and pyroptosis. The intersecting differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among C1, C2, and C3 were used in univariate Cox and LASSO penalized Cox regression analysis for the construction of the risk score. The median risk score served as the unified cutoff to divide patients into high- and low-risk groups.

Results:Internal (TCGA,n= 370; GSE14520,n= 239) and external validation (ICGC,n= 231) suggested that the 12-gene risk score had high accuracy in predicting the OS, DSS, DFS, PFS, and RFS of HCC. As an independent prognostic indicator, the risk score could be applicable for patients with different clinical features tested by subgroup (n= 26) survival analysis. In the high-risk patients with a lower infiltration abundance of activated B cells, activated CD8 T cells, eosinophils, and type I T helper cells and a higher infiltration abundance of immature dendritic cells, the cytolytic activity, HLA, inflammation promotion, and type I IFN response in the high-risk group were weaker. The TP53 mutation rate, TMB, and CSC characteristics in the high-risk group were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group. Low-risk patients have active metabolic activity and a more robust immune response. The high- and low-risk groups differed significantly in histology grade, vascular tumor cell type, AFP, new tumor event after initial treatment, main tumor size, cirrhosis, TNM stage, BCLC stage, and CLIP score.

Conclusion:The ferroptosis and pyroptosis molecular subtype-related signature identified and validated in this work is applicable for prognosis prediction, immune microenvironment estimation, stem cell characteristics, and clinical feature assessment in HCC.
Near-Infrared-II Bioimaging for in Vivo Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Yang Sha , Tan Xiaofeng , Tang Li , Yang Qinglai
Published: November 2021

Near-Infrared-II (NIR-II) bioimaging is a newly emerging visualization modality in real-time investigations of biological processes research. Owning to advances in reducing photon scattering and low tissue autofluorescence levels in NIR-II region (1,000–1700 nm), NIR-II bioimaging affords high resolution with increasing tissue penetration depth, and it shows greater application potential for in vivo detection to obtain more detailed qualitative and quantitative parameters. Herein, this review summarizes recent progresses made on NIR-II bioimaging for quantitative analysis. These emergences of various NIR-II fluorescence, photoacoustic (PA), luminescence lifetime imaging probes and their quantitative analysis applications are comprehensively discussed, and perspectives on potential challenges facing in this direction are also raised.
Challenges, Advances and Opportunities in Exploring Natural Products to Control Arboviral Disease Vectors
Authors: Demarque Daniel P. , Espindola Laila S.
Published: November 2021

Natural products constitute an important source of molecules for product development. However, despite numerous reports of compounds and active extracts from biodiversity, poor and developing countries continue to suffer with endemic diseases caused by arboviral vectors, including dengue, Zika, chikungunya and urban yellow fever. Vector control remains the most efficient disease prevention strategy. Wide and prolonged use of insecticides has resulted in vector resistance, making the search for new chemical prototypes imperative. Considering the potential of natural products chemistry for developing natural products-based products, including insecticides, this contribution discusses the general aspects and specific characteristics involved in the development of drug leads for vector control. Throughout this work, we highlight the obstacles that need to be overcome in order for natural products compounds to be considered promising prototypes. Moreover, we analyze the bottlenecks that should be addressed, together with potential strategies, to rationalize and improve the efficiency of the drug discovery process.
Possible Causes of Extremely Warm Early Summer in North China During Cold and Warm Periods
Authors: Li Xiaofan , Yao Zhiping , Wang Xiaojuan , Yu Changwen , Che Shaojing , Gong Zhiqiang , Feng Guolin , Li Tianyu
Published: November 2021

The abnormal characteristics of extremely warm early summer (EWES) in North China under different decadal backgrounds were contrastively analyzed. Their relationships with upper- and lower-level atmospheric circulation and global sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) are also discussed. Results show that temperature anomalies of EWES in North China are overall higher than normal in both cold (1961–1993) and warm (1994–2019) periods, but the anomalies of the latter are much higher than that of the former. EWES in North China is directly related to the circulation lying between 40° and 50°N in the middle troposphere, which leads to positive temperature anomalies occurring from the bottom to the upper level of the troposphere together with a high anomaly trend tilting northward. The persistent and strong Eurasian continental high (ECH) and weak Northeast China cold vortex (NECV) activity, together with the strong western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) are major factors that directly lead to EWES in North China. ECH and WPSH are stronger and larger, and NECV are weaker and more northward in the warm period than in the cold period. In addition, the positive SSTAs in the tropical Indian Ocean and the Kuroshio area are favorable for the stronger and larger ECH and WPSH as well as the weaker and more northward NECV, causing strong anticyclonic and downward circulation system controlling North China, resulting in the extremely warm temperatures there. The joint impact of the positive tropical Indian Ocean SSTAs and the Kuroshio region SSTAs is more significant during warm than cold periods, resulting in much stronger EWES in North China during warm periods.
To Play and To Be Played: Exploring the Design of Urban Machines for Playful Placemaking
Authors: Chew Louis , Hespanhol Luke , Loke Lian
Published: November 2021

Within the paradigm of the smart and playable city, the urban landscape and street furniture have provided a fertile platform for pragmatic and hedonic goals of urban liveability through technology augmentation. Smart street furniture has grown from being a novelty to become a common sight in metropolitan cities, co-opted for improving the efficiency of services. However, as we consider technologies that are increasingly smarter, with human-like intelligence, we navigate towards uncharted waters when discussing the consequences of their integration with the urban landscape. The implications of a new genre of street furniture embedded with artificial intelligence, where the machine has autonomy and is an active player itself, are yet to be fully understood. In this article, we analyse the evolving design of public benches along the axes of smartness and disruption to understand their qualities as playful, urban machines in public spaces. We present a concept-driven speculative design case study, as an exploration of a smart, sensing, and disruptive urban machine for playful placemaking. With the emergence of artificial intelligence, we expand on the potential of urban machines to partake an increasingly active role as co-creators of play and playful placemaking in the cities of tomorrow.