bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical, radiographic, pathologic, and genetic features of osteochondrodysplasia in Scottish Deerhounds
Authors: Breur G. J. , Zerbe C. A. , Slocombe R. F. , Padgett G. A. , Braden T. D.
Published: February 2025

Clinical, radiographic, pathologic, and genetic features of a form of osteochondrodysplasia in 5 related Scottish Deerhound pups from 2 litters were evaluated. All pups appeared to be phenotypically normal at birth. At approximately 4 or 5 weeks, exercise intolerance and retarded growth were observed. Kyphosis, limb deformities, and joint laxity gradually developed. Radiography of the affected pups revealed skeletal changes characterized by abnormalities in long bones and vertebrae, with involvement of epiphyses, growth plates, and metaphyses. Short long bones and vertebrae and irregular and delayed epiphyseal ossification were most noticeable in younger pups; in older pups, bony deformities became more prominent. In skeletally mature dogs, osteopenia and severe deformities were seen. The histologic changes of the growth plate were compatible with a diagnosis of chondrodysplasia. Growth plate chondrocytes contained periodic acid Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant cytoplasmic inclusions. A single autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was suspected.
Factors affecting incisional complication rates associated with colic surgery in horses: 78 cases (1983-1985)
Authors: Kobluk Calvin N. , Ducharme Normand G. , Lumsden J.H. , Pascoe Peter J. , Livesey Michael A. , Hurtig Mark , Horney F.D. , Arighi Mimi
Published: February 2025

From May 1, 1983 to April 1, 1985, 142 operations were performed on horses with signs of acute abdominal pain (colic), using a ventral midline incision. Seventy-eight horses lived for at least 15 days after surgery or had acute dehiscence and were included in the study. Seventy horses had surgery once, and 8 horses had surgery 2 or more times. Six-month follow-up evaluation was obtained for 66 horses that had 1 surgery and for 6 horses that had multiple surgeries. Incisional complications included drainage (including infection), acute dehiscence, hernia, and suture sinus formation. The effects of preoperative peritoneal fluid presence, enterotomy or resection, suture material and pattern used in the linea alba, type of skin closure and use of a sutured-on stent bandage on the incidence of incisional complications were investigated. The complication of incisional infection rate associated with a near-far-far-near suture pattern vs simple interrupted pattern in the linea alba was the only statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference observed.
Patterns of ionizing radiation exposure among women veterinarians
Authors: Moritz Sheryl A. , Hueston William D. , Wilkins John R.
Published: February 2025

Radiation detection devices (film badges) were distributed to a random sample of 118 women in Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan, who had graduated from a US veterinary school between 1970 and 1980, inclusive. Ionizing radiation exposure exceeded 15 mrem/mo in 17% of the women monitored. The maximal recorded whole-body dose was 44.2 mrem/quarter-year, which was well below the maximal permissible doses of 1,250 mrem/quarter-year for nonpregnant women and 500 mrem/quarter-year for pregnant women. Associations between the women's safety beliefs or behaviors and recorded exposure were not observed; however, the school from which the women graduated was an important determinant of safety behavior.
False-positive reactions associated with anti-mouse activity in serotests for feline leukemia virus antigen
Authors: Lopez Noel A. , Jacobson Richard H.
Published: February 2025

False-positive reactions were observed in commercial test kits designed to detect FeLV infections in cats. The false-positive reactions were associated with heterophilic antibody in cat serum directed primarily against mouse immunoglobulins. Of 2,830 sera tested, 579 were considered FeLV positive or equivocal via elisa; of these, 10 were found that did not have FeLV antigen but did have anti-mouse antibody. With 95% confidence, 0.14% to 0.57% of cats would have such false-positive reactions in elisa, because one in 283 (0.35%) cats had anti-mouse antibodies.
Sensitivity and specificity of blood test kits for feline leukemia virus antigen
Authors: Lopez Noel A. , Jacobson Richard H. , Scarlett Janet M. , Center Sharon A. , Randolph John F. , Scott Fredric W.
Published: February 2025

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test kits have been used widely to diagnose FeLV infection. Several companies have licensed such kits, but because these test kits are designed somewhat difjerently, a demonstration of their relative merits was needed. Differences in the sensitivity and specificity of 7 commercial test kits were determined by testing sera that induce false-negative (limiting dilution of FeLV group specific antigen, p27), and false-positive (cat anti-mouse antibody) test results. Among the panels of sera used in this study, Significant differences in test kit sensitivity were not observed, but differences in specificity were identified. An interim report of these studies, supplied to the manufacturers, prompted changes in some of the kits, resulting in improved specificities. Generally, FeLV test kits are now more efficient in accurately detecting p27 in blood, serum, or plasma of cats. Nevertheless, some kits still lack specificity attributable to reagents supplied by the manufacturer.
Strangulating volvulus of the ascending colon in horses
Authors: Snyder Jack R. , Pascoe John R. , Olander Harvey J. , Spier Sharon J. , Meagher Dennis M. , Bleifer Dana R.
Published: February 2025

Of 57 horses with strangulating volvulus of the ascending colon, 42 were mares (including 21 postparturient mares), 8 were stallions, and 7 were geldings. Volvulus occurred most frequently in the summer (n = 24) and spring (n = 17). Pain was evaluated as severe in 41 horses, moderate in 9, and mild in 4. The abdominal fluid from 30 horses varied from clear yellow in 19 horses, to cloudy yellow in 3 horses, and serosanguineous in 8 horses. Protein content and nucleated cell count in the abdominal fluid were 2.5 ± 1 g/dl and 1,000 ± 900 μl, respectively.

Fifty horses had ≥ 360° volvulus and 7 had a 27.0° volvulus, with 49 occurring in a counterclockwise direction. The site of volvulus in all horses was at the mesenteric attachment of the colon, except for a 360° volvulus at the sternal and diaphragmatic flexures in 1 horse. Survival rates for horses with a ≥ 360° and a 270° volvulus were 36% and 71%, respectively. The difference in survival rates reflected the severe vascular occlusion in the colon of horses with ≥ 360° volvulus.

In nonsurvivors, hemorrhage in the submucosa and lamina propria (P < 0.005) and edema in the submucosa (P < 0.01) were greater than those in survivors. In nonsurvivors, > 97% of the superficial epithelium was lost. In horses that survived, only 60% of the cells were lost or degenerated. The crypt epithelial loss and remaining cellular degeneration was ≥ 50% in all but 5 nonsurvivors. Alteration in superficial and crypt epithelium and interstitial crypt ratio were significantly more severe for nonsurvivors (P < 0.005) than those for survivors.
Bacterial growth associated with metallic implants in dogs
Authors: Smith Mark M. , Vasseur P. B. , Saunders H. M.
Published: February 2025

Tissue and swab specimens for bacteriologic culture were obtained from the operative wound in 40 dogs in which plates and screws were applied and then removed from the sites of healed fractures or arthrodeses. Implants were removed after a mean (±sd) application period of 15.7 ± 9.3 months. Bacteria were isolated from the plate-bone interface in 17 dogs. Of the 17 dogs, 9 had had complications associated with initial management (eg, osteomyelitis, open fractures, or multiple surgical procedures). Control specimens were obtained from 30 dogs that had clean elective orthopedic procedures that did not involve implantation of metallic prostheses. None of the dogs of the control group were given antibiotics. Bacteria were isolated from 2 of 30 specimens obtained from control dogs. The difference between the number of culture-positive specimens from dogs of the implant group and those from dogs of the control group was significant (P < 0.01).
Nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous sarcomas of the canine spleen: 57 cases (1975–1987)
Authors: Weinstein M. J. , Carpenter J. L. , Mehlhaff Schunk C. J.
Published: February 2025

The case records of and histopathologic findings in 57 dogs with nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous splenic sarcomas were reviewed. Splenic neoplasms in these dogs included leiomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, liposarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and fibrous histiocytoma.

The clinical signs associated with splenic sarcoma included anorexia or decreased appetite, abdominal distention, polydipsia, lethargy, vomiting, weight loss, and weakness. An abdominal mass was detected in 86% of the dogs by use of abdominal palpation (63%), and/or abdominal radiography (74%). The diagnosis was based on histopathologic findings in the spleen.

Abdominal exploratory surgery was performed on 43 of the 57 dogs. Twenty-seven dogs were treated by splenectomy, and 16 were euthanatized at the time of surgery because of widespread metastatic lesions. Of the 14 dogs on which surgery was not performed, 11 were euthanatized on the basis of results of preoperative diagnostic tests, and the remaining 3 dogs had splenic neoplasms that were incidental findings at necropsy.

Of the 27 surgically treated dogs, 5 died in the immediate postoperative period, 12 died or were euthanatized within 1 year after splenectomy, and only 5 dogs survived ≥ 1 year. Three dogs were lost to follow-up evaluation, and 2 were still alive 6 and 7 months after surgery. The median survival time of the 22 dogs for which survival was known was 2.5 months. The median survival time for 11 dogs with no obvious metastasis at the time of splenectomy was 9 months. On the basis of the frequency of metastatic lesions at the time of diagnosis and the short survival after splenectomy, a guarded prognosis should be given for dogs with such neoplasms.
Subchondral lucency of the third carpal bone in Standardbred racehorses: 13 cases (1982–1988)
Authors: Ross M. W. , Richardson D. W. , Beroza G. A.
Published: February 2025

Thirteen Standardbreds had subchondral lucency of the third carpal bone (C3), described as single or multiple central areas of C3 bone loss in the radial fossa. Sclerosis of the radial fossa was also detected. The mean age of 9 stallions, 3 mares, and 1 gelding was 4.1 years (range, 3 to 7 years). All horses had an acute moderate to severe lameness referable to the middle carpal joint. A dorsoproximal dorsodistal (skyline) radiographic projection was most useful and identified mild (3 horses), moderate (6 horses), and severe (4 horses) subchondral lucency and sclerosis of the radial fossa. The margin of C3 was intact dorsal to the lucent areas in all horses. In 12 horses, arthroscopic surgical evaluation and curettage of the lesion were performed. Of the 9 horses monitored long enough to allow racing, 8 horses (89%) returned to racing, although only 6 (75%) raced at the same degree of competition. Subchondral lucency of C3 resulted from chronic damage to C3 with subsequent osteochondral collapse or acute C3 proximal surface osteochondral fracture.
Comparison of renal biopsy techniques in dogs
Authors: Wise Lori A. , Allen Timothy A. , Cartwright Mark
Published: February 2025

To evaluate adequacy of biopsy specimens obtained and safety to the patient, the standard keyhole biopsy technique (using digital immobilization of the right kidney and placement of the biopsy needle up to the capsule before obtaining a tissue sample) was compared with 9 technical modifications. Adequacy was judged by the number of intact glomeruli observed in the specimen. Detection of transected blood vessels and renal pelvis was presumed to have predictive value for postbiopsy complications of hemorrhage and hydronephrosis. Needle biopsy specimens were also obtained from left and right kidneys by use of laparoscopic visualization and were compared with those obtained by use of the standard keyhole technique. Although the standard keyhole technique yielded the highest percentage of adequate biopsy specimens, there was no statistical difference between specimens obtained by this technique and those obtained by the modified technique or by laparoscope-guided biopsy. Also, significant difference in percentage of biopsy specimens with renal pelvis was not found between specimens obtained by the. standard and modified techniques. For each technique, the biopsy core length was measured and the mean value was calculated. In this study, core length did not correlate with adequacy of the biopsy specimen.
Transcervical embryo transfer in performance mares
Authors: Sertich Patricia L.
Published: February 2025

Pregnancy was established by transcervical transfer of embryos from performance mares into recipient mares. Estrus was synchronized between donor (n = 17) and recipient (n = 43) mares. After a ≥ 25-mm follicle was detected, donor mares were bred artificially daily until ovulation. Day of ovulation was recorded. Uterine flushes (n = 111) were performed on donor mares 7 days after ovulation, and recovered embryos were transferred transcervically to recipient mares within 2 hours. Embryos were recovered from 40.5% of uterine flushes. Of transferred single embryos, 65.7% resulted in pregnancy, detectable by ultrasonographic examination 23 days after transfer. Only 35.3% of twin embryos resulted in pregnancy. Results over a 4-year period were as follows: uteri were flushed on 14, 44, 31 and 22 occasions, and 8, 21,15, and 11 embryos were recovered (1 embryo was not transferred), with 6, 11, 4, and 6 resulting in 30-day pregnancy in years L to 4, respectively.
Hematologic effects of exposure to three infective agents in rabbits
Authors: Toth Linda A. , Krueger James M.
Published: February 2025

Infectious disease is typically accompanied by changes in the number and types of circulating leukocytes. To examine the effects of infectious challenge on the distribution of rabbit wbc, rabbits were inoculated iv with Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, or Candida albicans. Blood was collected prior to and every 6 to 12 hours ajter inoculation for 48 hours. Infectious challenge did not substantially alter total wbc counts, but did cause neutrophilia and lymphopenia for 6 to 48 hours after inoculation. Similar patterns of leukocyte distribution were observed in rabbits with naturally developing clinical problems. Thus, high total wbc counts may not be a common characteristic of acute infectious conditions in rabbits, but differential distributions of various leukocyte populations can provide useful markers of disease in this species.
Comparison of bacteria isolated from specimens obtained by use of endoscopic guarded tracheal swabbing and percutaneous tracheal aspiration in horses
Authors: Sweeney Corinne Raphel , Sweeney Raymond W. , Benson Charles E.
Published: February 2025

Results of bacteriologic culture of specimens obtained from 14 horses with pneumonia and from 15 horses that were clinically healthy (nonpneumonia group) were compared. Specimens were obtained by use of an endoscopic guarded tracheal swabbing method and percutaneous tracheal aspiration. The percentage of agreement between the 2 tracheal specimens for the horses of the pneumonia group was 79% for aerobic isolates and 100% for anaerobic isolates. The percentage of agreement between results of the 2 tracheal specimens for horses of the nonpneumonia group was 80% for aerobic organisms and 93% for anaerobic organisms.

The endoscopic guarded swabbing method described here for obtaining specimens from die lower airways for bacteriolugic culture did not always prevent contamination. Results of the study suggested that this endoscopic swabbing technique has merit and should be considered as an alternative to the tracheal aspiration method. Pseudomonas sp and any anaerobic bacteria that are isolated must be viewed as potential contaminants of the endoscopic swab specimen and may not be involved in the primary pulmonary disease.
Treatment of serous retinal detachments associated with optic disk pits in dogs
Authors: Vainisi Samuel J. , Peyman Gholam A. , Wolf E. Dan , West C. Sue
Published: February 2025

Serous retinal detachment, associated with optic dish pit, was diagnosed in 28 eyes of 24 dogs. Xenon arc photocoagulation was used in treatment of the detachment. Of 24 dogs, 21 were Collies. In 23 eyes, retinal detachments affected temporal and/or inferior portions of the retina. In 5 eyes, detachments were predominantly superior and/or nasal. A single photocoagulation treatment resulted in reattachmenls in 25 eyes. Of the 3 remaining detachments, 2 eyes improved with additional photocoagulation, and 1 eye, which was not treated further, had a complete retinal detachment.
Survey of intradermal skin testing practices in North America
Authors: DeBoer Douglas J.
Published: February 2025

Allergic skin diseases are commonly diagnosed by veterinarians. Inhalant-related allergic diseases are especially prevalent in companion animal species. Intradermal shin testing (idst) is the usual method for diagnosis of these syndromes, and is often followed by hyposensitization treatment if an animal reacts to substances during testing. A mail survey of veterinarians in the United States and Canada was conducted to determine current procedures in use for idst and opinions on results of idst and hyposensitization. Results of the survey indicate that idst procedures are not currently standardized and that there is wide variation in the methods used. Opinion regarding results of skin testing and hyposensitization was largely in agreement with previously published patient studies.
Evaluation of cisplatin–induced emesis in dogs with malignant neoplasia: 115 cases (1984–1987)
Authors: Ogilvie G. K , Moore A. S , Curtis C. R
Published: February 2025

A retrospective review of the records of 115 dogs with 13 types of malignant tumors was performed in an attempt to identify factors that influence the degree of emesis observed within 24 hours after cisplatin therapy. Six groups were established on the basis of dosage of cisplatin and on the route of administration: 10 mg/m2 iv (n = 17), 40 mg/m2 iv (n = 10), 50 mg/m2 iv (n = 19), 60 mg/m2 iv (n = 7), 70 mg/m2 iv (n = 36), and 70 mg/m2 intra-arterially (ia; n = 26). Age, gender, weight, dose of cisplatin, route of administration (iv vs ia), and duration of infusion were evaluated. Increasing doses of cisplatin (P < 0.01) and the iv route of drug administration (P < 0.0006) were associated with an increased occurrence of vomiting in response to the first treatment. Anesthesia, performed in dogs that were given cisplatin ia, was a confounding variable that may have reduced the emetic potential of the drug after the dogs were awakened. If the dog vomited in response to the first treatment, there was a greater tendency to vomit after subsequent cisplatin treatments (P = 0.08). Multivariable analysis, after correcting for the effects of age, gender, and weight, indicated that high doses of cisplatin (P < 0.001) and lower weight of the dog (P < 0.04) were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of vomiting. Dogs that were given 70 mg/m2 iv were 28.7 times more likely (P < 0.001) to vomit, compared with those that were given 10 mg/m2, after adjusting for the effects of age, weight, and gender. Only the dose of cisplatin was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with an increased number of emetic episodes per total number of treatments.
Evaluation of a colonic lavage solution to prepare the colon of the dog for colonoscopy
Authors: Burrows Colin F.
Published: February 2025

Ten dogs were given 3 different doses (60, 80, and 100 ml/kg of body weight) of a commercial colonic lavage solution in 2 equally divided doses, 2 to 4 hours apart. The degree of colonic cleanliness was evaluated subjectively, using a numbered scoring system (1 = clean to 4 = excessive fecal material). Systemic and metabolic effects were assessed by comparing body weight, pcv, total protein concentration, serum osmolality, and urine specific gravity before and 24 hours after administration of the high-dose solution. The lowest mean cleanliness score (1.6) was obtained with the 80 ml/kg dose (P < 0.001). The solution had no effect on any measurement except urine specific gravity (P = 0.036). Oral administration of a colonic lavage solution in a divided total dose of 80 ml/kg is a safe and effective method of large-intestine preparation in the dog.
Limb-sparing treatment for osteosarcoma in dogs
Authors: LaRue Susan M. , Withrow Stephen J. , Powers Barbara E. , Wrigley Robert H. , Gillette Edward L. , Schwarz Peter D. , Straw Rodney C. , Richter Sherri L.
Published: February 2025

Twenty dogs with spontaneously developing osteosarcoma of the extremities were treated with 1 of 3 multimodality limb-sparing procedures. Excision of the tumor was preceded by intra-arterial (ia) administration of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) alone directed to the affected extremity, irradiation plus ia administration of cisplatin, or irradiation plus iv administration of cisplatin. All dogs were free of apparent metastatic disease at the time of initial treatment.

After diagnosis, dogs administered cisplatin ia had selective angiography performed on arteries supplying the tumor, and 70 mg of cisplatin/m2 of body surface was administered over 2 hours. This protocol was repeated 3 weeks later. Dogs that were irradiated received 25 or 40 Gy in 10 fractions over a 22-day period. The first and last radiation doses were immediately preceded by ia administration of cisplatin. Dogs given iv treatment received 10 mg of cisplatin/m2 2 hours before each radiation fraction was administered. Three weeks after the last treatment, tumors were excised and the limb underwent orthopedic reconstruction, generally using cortical allografting and bone plating, Limb function, allograft healing, local tumor control, and metastatic dissemination were monitored.

Limb function was good to excellent in 69% (11/16) of dogs evaluated. Forelimb-sparing procedures were generally associated with better function than were limb-sparing procedures performed on hind limbs. Local tumor control was obtained in 79% (11/14) of dogs thoroughly evaluated, with local recurrences in 3 dogs at 3, 4, and 7 months after treatment. Fifteen dogs developed metastatic disease at a median time of 8 months from the time of diagnosis. Mean and median survival times for all dogs, regardless of cause of death, were 11.7 and 8 months, respectively. Tumor necrosis > 80% was statistically associated with lack of recurrence. Of 16 dogs, 5, (31%) developed infections at the surgical site.

Multimodality limb-sparing treatment is believed to be a viable alternative for appropriately selected dogs with osteosarcoma. The optimal method of treatment prior to or after tumor excision has not yet been established.
Comparison of bacteriologic culture of blood and necropsy specimens for determining the cause of foal septicemia: 47 cases (1978-1987)
Authors: Wilson W. David , Madigan John E.
Published: February 2025

Diagnosis of bacterial septicemia was confirmed by results of bacteriologic culture of antemortem blood samples and/or necropsy specimens obtained from 47 foals up to 8 days old. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from all 47 foals, and mixed infections with more than one organism were involved in 26 (55%). Escherichia coli, Actinobacillus spp, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequent isolates, infecting 55, 34, and 23% of foals, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria were isolated only from foals with mixed infections with gram-negative organisms. Clostridium perfringens was the only anaerobe isolated. In 38 (81%) of 47 foals with confirmed septicemia, blood samples were culture-positive.

Thirty-two septicemic foals subsequently died, allowing a comparison to be made between the species of bacteria isolated by culture of blood with those recovered by culture of internal organs at necropsy. Blood failed to yield any gram-negative organisms in 12 (37.5%) of 32 foals from which a gram-negative pathogen was isolated at necropsy. Forty-three percent of the gram-negative bacteria, including 59% of the E coli, and 10% of the gram-positive bacteria found in septicemic foals at necropsy were not detected earlier by results of bacteriologic culture of blood.
Multilobular osteochondrosarcoma of the canine skull: 16 cases (1978-1988)
Authors: Straw R. C. , LeCouteur R. A. , Powers B. E. , Withrow S. J.
Published: February 2025

The medical records of 12 dogs with multilobular osteochondrosarcoma (mlo) and examined at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University from August 1979 to January 1987 were reviewed. Medical records of 1 dog with mlo and 3 dogs with mlo examined at the Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, respectively, were also reviewed and included in the study. The mean age of affected dogs was 7.5 years, a single breed did not appear to be overrepresented, and males were affected as frequently as were females. All of the primary lesions affected either the mandible, maxilla, or cranium. Excision was the only treatment in 11 dogs, 2 dogs had radiotherapy in addition to excision, and 1 dog had radiotherapy and chemotherapy after excision. Twelve treated dogs had follow-up information available. Of the 12 treated dogs, 7 (58%) had local recurrence, with median time to recurrence of 14 months. Seven dogs (58%) developed metastatic disease after treatment, with median time to metastasis of 14 months. The median disease-free interval was 12 months, and the median survival time was 21 months. Excision with histologically complete surgical margins appeared to offer good opportunity for long-term tumor control. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the management of mlo remains unclear.
A new existence results on fractional differential inclusions with state-dependent delay and Mittag-Leffler kernel in Banach space
Authors: Arjunan Mani Mallika , Kavitha Velusamy , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: February 2025

In this manuscript the existence of the fractional-order functional differential inclusions [FFDI] with state-dependent delay [SDD] is investigated within the Mittag-Leffler kernel. We use both contractive and condensing maps to prove the existence of mild solutions through solution operator. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the theoretical findings.
Central and local limit theorems for the weighted Delannoy numbers
Authors: Belovas Igoris
Published: February 2025

In this research we generalize our result for numbers satisfying the Delannoy triangle. We obtain a central limit theorem and a local limit theorem for weighted numbers of the triangle and establish the rate of convergence to the limiting (normal) distribution.
On Spatial Quaternionic b-lift Curves
Authors: Altınkaya Anıl , Çalışkan Mustafa
Published: February 2025

This study is based on the discovered relationships between the quaternionic slant helix and the quaternionic general helix. In this direction, we first examined quaternions, spatial quaternionic curves and b-lift curves. Furthermore, we defined the spatial quaternionic b-lift curve and characterized of Frenet fields. Afterward, we found the curvatures of the b-lift curve and using them we obtained a result between the quaternionic slant helix and quaternionic general helix. Finally, we consolidated our results with an example and visualized our curves with the MATLAB program.
Generalized Rectifying Ruled Surfaces of Special Singular Curves
Authors: İşbilir Zehra , Yazıcı Bahar Doğan , Tosun Murat
Published: February 2025

In this study, generalized rectifying ruled surfaces of Frenet-type framed base curves in the three-dimensional Euclidean space are introduced. These surfaces are a generalization of not only the tangent and binormal surfaces of Frenet-type framed base curves, but also the tangent and binormal surfaces of regular curves. Additionally, we present some geometric characterizations and properties of these surfaces. Then, the singular point classes of the surface are scrutinized and the conditions for being a cross-cap surface are stated. Moreover, generalized rectifying surfaces are examined as framed surfaces by using the framed surface theory, and we investigate the basic invariants and curvatures of them. Then, several illustrative examples with figures are given to support the theorems and results.
Several new aspects on q-Horn and related triple functions in the spirit of Karlsson
Authors: Ernst Thomas
Published: February 2025

We first introduce a notation for multiple (n ≥ 3) q-hypergeometric functions, where negative values of summation indices are allowed. Then we extend the notation for q-Horn functions to include tilde values corresponding to powers of 2. Karlssons reduction formulas are correspondingly q-deformed by using these notations. A formula for sums of inverse q-shifted factorials is used to find further formulas. The second part of the paper is devoted to convergence aspects for q-Horn functions and ’abnormal’ q-Horn functions. It turns out that some simple estimates for convergence can be made in the q-case, these are then supplemented with tables of numerical values. It is shown that the convergence regions are significantly increased in the q-case, and we compare with convergence regions in the ordinary case.
On nonnil-S-Noetherian and nonnil-u-S-Noetherian rings
Authors: Mahdou Najib , Oubouhou El Houssaine , Celikel Ece Yetkin
Published: February 2025

Let R be a commutative ring with identity, and let S be a multiplicative subset of R. Then R is called a nonnil-S-Noetherian ring if every nonnil ideal of R is S-finite. Also, R is called a u-S-Noetherian ring if there exists an element s ∈ S such that for each ideal I of R, sI ⊆ K for some finitely generated sub-ideal K of I. In this paper, we examine some new characterization of nonnil-S-Noetherian rings. Then, as a generalization of nonnil-S-Noetherian rings and u-S-Noetherian rings, we introduce and investigate the nonnilu-S-Noetherian rings class.
Learning to Shape Transformation – How Individual Schools can be Supported in Implementing a Newly Developed ESD Curriculum with Training Concept
Authors: Lindau-Bank Detlev , Stein Margit
Published: February 2025

When implementing projects in the field of education for sustainable development (ESD), there is always a great need for further training and qualification for the teaching staff if ESD needs to be implemented systematically and school-wide in the lessons of all year groups and subjects. Successful implementation of ESD in the school context depends on two influencing factors. On the one hand, schools need a practicable framework curriculum for ESD and, on the other hand, a related further education concept that can be implemented primarily in school practice.

The main aim of the article is to outline the framework curriculum and the training concept and to present the initial results of an evaluation of the training carried out on this basis in a Latvian, Romanian and German schools.

This article reports on an ERASMUS + project that has dedicated itself to this task from a European perspective. Building on the framework curriculum, a customized training concept was developed to impart content and skills for teachers and educational staff. Both the framework curriculum and the training concept as well as the handout can be downloaded free of charge in six languages: https://esdsupervision.eu/.

The most important finding of the project is that the curriculum framework and the training program tailored to it are seen as effective and efficient, but also that accompanying advice is necessary for a school development process.
Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygenation on the Severity of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis in Gal-3 Deficient Mice
Authors: Milincic Katarina , Kovacevic Marina Miletic , Dulovic Dragan , Ljujic Biljana
Published: February 2025

Myocarditis is an inflammatory heart disease, which is characterized by the presence of a cellular infiltrate in the myocardial interstitium, along with the degeneration and necrosis of cardiomyocytes. Depending on the predominate immune mechanism in the disease, Gal-3 may either attenuate or enhance the development of inflammation. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) is considered a promising adjunctive therapy for cardiovascular disease due to increasing evidence of its beneficial effect on myocardial function. The potential effects of HBO treatment on myocarditis in animal models have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to delineate the impact of HBO on both the clinical course and histochemical characteristics of EAM. EAM was induced in Gal-3-deficient mice on the C57BL/6J background by immunization with myosin peptide MyHCα334–352. The EAM group treated with HBO characteristically showed a significant improvement in FS compared to the untreated EAM group, as well as a reduction in LVIDd and LVIDs. Gal-3KO mice developed more severe myocarditis, characterized by accumulation of mononuclear cells and single mononuclear cells between cardiomyocytes, than animals treated with HBO. Additionally, EAM mice receiving HBO treatment showed a lower degree of degeneration and necrosis compared to the untreated EAM group. A significant reduction in fibrosis was noted in Gal-3KO mice with EAM after HBO treatment compared to the untreated group of EAM mice. The results showed that HBO treatment can improve cardiac function, reduce cardiac inflammatory infiltration, myocardial necrosis, and fibrosis, which could alleviate cardiac remodeling, dilated cardiomyopathy, and subsequent development of heart failure.
Remote sensing forest health assessment – a comprehensive literature review on a European level
Authors: Drechsel Johannes , Forkel Matthias
Published: February 2025

Forest health assessments (FHA) have been carried out at European level since the 1980s in order to identify forest damage. The annual surveys are usually conducted without the use of remote sensing tools. However, the increasing availability of remote sensing observations potentially allows conduct FHA more wide-spread, more often, or in more comprehensive and comparable way. This literature review systematically evaluated 110 studies from 2015 to 2022 that use remote sensing for FHA in Europe. The purpose was to determine (1) which tree species were studied; (2) what types of damage were evaluated; (3) whether damage levels are distinguished according to the standard of the International Co-operative Program on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP-Forest); (4) the level of automation; and (5) whether the findings are applicable for a systematic FHA. The results show that spruce is the most studied tree species. Damage caused by bark beetles and drought were predominantly studied. In most studies only 2 damage levels are classified. Only four studies were able to perform a comprehensive FHA by identifying individual trees, classifying their species and damage levels. None of the studies investigated the suitability of their remote sensing approach for systematic forest health assessments. This result is surprising since programs such as SEMEFOR analyzed the potential of remote sensing for FHA already in the 1990s. We conclude that the availability of new satellite systems and advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning should be translated into FHA practice according to ICP standards.
Assessing crown reduction as a strategy to mitigate drought stress during initial development of sessile oak and Norway spruce saplings
Authors: Arsić Janko , Stojanović Marko , Horáček Petr , Mikhailov Sergei , Krejza Jan
Published: February 2025

Droughts, amplified by climate change, pose a significant threat to the success of both artificially and naturally regenerated forests. Understanding how these changes affect the initial stages of saplings development is crucial for forest establishment, particularly for ecologically and economically important species like Norway spruce and sessile oak in Central Europe. This study investigated the impact of crown reduction (CR) by 50% of crown length on saplings of each species. Automatic dendrometers were installed on 24 saplings per species to precisely monitor growth and water-related stem changes. The main objective was to investigate the potential ameliorative effect of CR on water-stressed saplings during their initial development. Our study hypothesized that CR, by decreasing leaf area and consequently water use, would improve water availability and facilitate sapling growth. The results indicate that CR may enhance soil water availability thereby supporting the growth of water-stressed Norway spruce saplings but not those of sessile oak. The tree water deficit – an indicator of tree water status – significantly improves in Norway spruce saplings subjected to CR (p < 0.05). Conversely, this treatment resulted in the depletion of stem water status in sessile oak saplings. The species-specific growth phenology revealed that CR led to an increase in the number of growing days for Norway spruce compared to sessile oak saplings. In summary, CR may be considered a beneficial method for alleviating stress in Norway spruce saplings, especially during drought. In addition, further testing in field conditions is necessary to confirm these results.
Correlation between fecal biomarkers and the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies with ulcerative colitis disease activity
Authors: Büşra Usta , Demet Gür Vural , Asuman Birinci , Müge Ustaoğlu Dede
Published: February 2025

Background

Although colonoscopy remains the gold standard for Ulcerative colitis (UC) diagnosis due to its invasive and costly nature, non-invasive biomarkers are gaining importance in disease activity monitoring and diagnosis. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation of fecal calprotectin (FC) and fecal lactoferrin (FL) levels with the disease activity according to 3 different disease activity indices and to investigate the relationship between the presence of peri-nuclear anti-neutrophil antibody (p-ANCA) and disease activity.

Methods

Our study was planned as a prospective cohort study and 80 patients diagnosed with UC who were admitted to the Gastroenterology department between 01.05.2023 and 01.09.2023 at Ondokuz Mayıs University Hospital were included in the study. ‘Truelove and Witts’ (TLW) activity index, SEO index and Mayo Score were applied. FC and FL levels in stool samples were analysed by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA), while p-ANCA presence in blood samples was examined using the Indirect Immunofluorescent Antibody (IIFA) method.

Results

It has been demonstrated that both faecal biomarkers can distinguish severe disease, but according to ROC analysis, the discriminatory power of FC is higher than that of FL. The cutt-off values calculated for severe disease were found above 300µg/g for FC and above 130µg/g for FL. Also ANCA positivity and formalin-resistant ANCA positivity in the severe disease group were statistically higher than mild disease group.

Conclusions

In addition to the relationship between faecal biomarkers and disease activity, our results demonstrated that patients with severe disease exhibited high rates of ANCA positivity and formalin resistance.
A diagnostic classifier for osteoarthritis constructed based on cuprotosis-related genes
Authors: Xiaopeng Jia , Honglu Chen , An Li
Published: February 2025

Background

Osteoarthritis (OA), a common degenerative joint disease, is pathologically characterized by joint pain and functional limitation. Cuprotosis-related genes (CRGs) exert vital biological effects on various diseases, but their functions in OA remain largely unknown. We aimed to explore the potential role of CRGs in OA and to establish a diagnostic classifier.

Methods

The Gene Expression Omnibus database was firstly employed to collect data sets on several controls and OA samples. Batch correction was conducted using RobustRankAggreg and sva package to remove the systematic errors between different batches of sequencing. The limma package was utilized to screen differentially expressed genes, and CRGs were identified through Pearson correlation analysis.

Results

A total of 2,033 CRGs were identified after analyzing several data sets. Through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator COX model and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination classifier, 6 crucial CRGs were finally determined, including biglycan, Ephrin-A3, leukemia inhibitory factor, natural killer cell granule protein 7, stimulator of chondrogenesis 1 and tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3. The integrated analysis on these genes revealed that they had high prediction performance. The area under the curve was 0.772 in the training set and 0.693 in the validation set. These crucial CRGs exhibited significant correlations with the infiltration of M2 macrophages, resting mast cells and other immune cells.

Conclusions

A diagnostic classifier for OA was successfully constructed based on CRGs, and significant associations are found between crucial CRGs and immune microenvironment in OA.
A comparative study of legislative and normative frameworks in Morocco, France and U.S.A towards progressive and evolutionary quality management in Moroccan laboratories
Authors: Kharrazi Anass , El Ftouh Sobha , El Feniche Mohammed , Bahji Mostafa , Bouaiti El Arbi
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Establishing and maintaining quality standards in medical laboratories is a significant challenge due to the rapid advancements in analysis techniques and technologies. In Morocco, the “Guide de Bonne Execution des Analyses’’ (GBEA) is the primary regulation framework overseeing quality assurance in laboratories. However, it does not adequately address potential gaps that could compromise patient safety.

Methods

In this article, we compared five quality management systems through normative frameworks in Morocco, France, and the United States to develop an enhanced model adapted to the Moroccan context.

Results

The comparison reveals that the extensive roles and responsibilities of a laboratory director and the inability to delegate tasks to qualified staff members in the Moroccan GBEA pose a challenge to the effective leadership and detection of non-conformities. Adopting the French GBEA, the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments CLIA and the International Standardization Organization ISO 15189 Documentation model that covers all analytical phases, process and procedure reviews, and robust quality control measures could serve as strengths in achieving successful accreditation without compromising the laboratory's technical, administrative, and financial stability. The principles of risk management and safety are increasingly important in the analytical process to ensure ongoing improvement and the safety of both staff and patients.

Conclusions

In this sense, adopting a progressive model, starting with detailed documentation, quality control, staff qualification and adaptation of requirements to the Moroccan context will enable medical laboratories to achieve quality without putting them in administrative and financial challenges while preserving continuous improvement.
Governance in Universities: the Mechanism of Leadership and the Experience of the Federal University of Sergipe
Authors: Alves Fred Amado Martins , Sales Jefferson David Araújo , Santos Sindiany Suelen Caduda dos , Souza Roberto Rodrigues de
Published: February 2025

Objective: To analyze the need to consolidate governance systems in Federal Universities, highlighting leadership as an essential pillar and using the Federal University of Sergipe (UFS) as a reference.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in the concepts of public governance as described in Decree No. 9,203/2017 and the guidelines of the Federal Court of Accounts (TCU). Leadership is emphasized as a central element. Within the context of federal universities, the study examines the impact of governance on the interaction with institutional autonomy, while addressing challenges and innovations in the field, such as the experience of the Federal University of Sergipe (UFS).
 
Method: A document analysis of key governance and management documents from Brazilian federal universities was conducted, with a focus on the Federal University of Sergipe. The UFS document analysis covered a time frame of eight years. The results were organized into categories.
 
Results and Discussion: The research identified significant advances in the governance of the Federal University of Sergipe (UFS). The findings show improvements in performance indicators, aligned with the guidelines of Decree No. 9,203/2017 and the TCU. Nevertheless, challenges remain. The proposal of a research agenda underscores the need to deepen the discussion and explore new solutions.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research include consolidating governance systems as a reference for strengthening public university management.
 
Originality/Value: The research contributes to the formulation of guidelines and replicable models for other federal universities, fostering greater institutional cohesion and alignment with public policies.
Agro-Ecotourism as a Model for Rural Development in the Mountains Region: Amedy Region as Case Study
Authors: Hussein Lailan T. , Raswel Layla M.
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aims to examine the determinants and indicators of Amedy's region competitiveness to identify the optimal model for rural development via tourism.
 
Theoretical Framework: Rural tourism has emerged as a controversial topic within rural development. The combination of the decline of agriculture, the rise of tourism, and the need for economic diversification necessitates the creation of a new rural development model that ensures both economic diversification and environmental conservation.
 
Method: Qualitative data was acquired from a local perspective through semi-structured interviews based on saturation theory. Thematic analysis was performed on interview transcriptions from 81 rural inhabitants to identify key themes
 
Results and Discussion: The results confirmed that Agro-ecotourism is the best model of rural tourism devlopmnet in mountain region. The growth in local agricultural sales and increased tourist numbers are markers of economic prosperity. The region's agricultural goods and natural resources are key factors influencing rural competitiveness; nevertheless, climate change, conflicts over water and land, and poor governance have negatively affected their management. The interplay between security and accessibility obstructs rural tourism development. The study revealed direct and indirect relationships between the variables, suggesting that inadequacies in one area impact the others.
 
Research Implications: Rural areas with similar environmental, economic, and cultural challenges can utilize the findings as an integrative model for preserving agricultural identity and natural resources.
 
Originality/Value: The model is novel and has not been previously observed in Iraq and Kurdistan.
Szkolna klasyka – o sposobach projektowania dialogu z dorobkiem przeszłości w podstawie programowej i podręcznikach licealnych
Authors: Kaniewski Jerzy
Published: February 2025

The text focuses on the question of interpreting literary works in high school. The analysis comprises two parts: the interpretation directives themselves (the obligatory/optional nature of canon, analytical procedures, the scope of historical and cultural information) based on the documents from the Ministry of Education (the curricula of the years 2002, 2008, 2018), as well as the influence of these directives on educational practices, especially on methods of designing interpretative space around texts which are considered important for shaping national identity. The analysis of selected textbook examples supplements the review of the above‑mentioned curricula.