bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two new species and 18 new records for the flora of Laos
Authors:   The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan, Tagane Shuichiro , Souladeth Phetlasy ,   Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos, Kongxaysavath Deuanta ,   Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos, Rueangruea Sukid ,   Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Suddee Somran ,   Forest Herbarium, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, Suyama Yoshihisa ,   Kawatabi Field Center, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen, Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711, Japan, Suzuki Eizi ,   The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan, Yahara Tetsukazu ,   Kyushu Open University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
Published: May 2021

Six pteridophyte species of five families and 12 spermatophyte species of 10 families are reported from Bolaven Plateau, southern Laos, as new records to the flora of Laos. Moreover, two new species, Sterculia bolavenensis (Malvaceae) and Wikstroemia bolavenensis (Thymelaeaceae), are described. For each species, voucher specimens are cited, photographs are shown and additional information including geographical distribution, ecology and taxonomic notes are provided.
Educational practices and knowledge constituted in the political training processes of black activists: a literature review
Authors: Santos Andréia Teixeira dos , Lucini Marizete
Published: May 2021

This text undertakes a bibliographic survey of academic discussions involving the trajectories of black women activists. Historically, black women have challenged institutional powers, facing racism and sexism, while oppressions crystallized in society. One of the strategies to face oppression is the movement of black women, in the form of organizations that fight within an intersectional perspective. We understand that Black Feminism plays a leading role in the action of educating, highlighting its pedagogical role in the dissemination of knowledge, in addition to its political role throughout Brazilian history. Black feminism highlights the specificity of the feminine that aggregates struggles and processes experienced by black women. We hope, with this text, to present reflections that problematize black women's movements, showing the complexity of concepts related to educational practices and knowledge constituted in political formation processes of black women activists, based on research registered in the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of CAPES.
Stepped Augmented Glenoid Component in Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for B2 and B3 Glenoid Pathology
Authors: Iannotti Joseph P. , Jun Bong-Jae , Derwin Kathleen A. , Ricchetti Eric T.
Published: May 2021

Background:

Posterior glenoid bone loss is commonly associated with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Surgical management of bone loss in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) remains controversial. We studied the use of a stepped augmented glenoid component for management of Walch B2 and B3 glenoids and compared the radiographic and clinical outcomes at short-term follow-up with those achieved with a non-augmented component of the same design in Walch A1 glenoids.

Methods:

Ninety-two patients (42 A1, 29 B2, and 21 B3 glenoids) were prospectively followed after aTSA. Sequential 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) imaging was performed preoperatively, within 3 months postoperatively with metal artifact reduction (MAR) to define implant position, and at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively with MAR. Scapular 3D registration with implant registration allowed 3D measurement of glenoid implant position, implant shift, and central peg osteolysis (CPO).

Results:

CPO with or without implant shift occurred in a higher percentage of B3 glenoids treated with the augmented glenoid component (29%) than A1 glenoids treated with a standard component (5%) (p = 0.028). There was no significant difference in the frequency of CPO between B2 glenoids with the augmented component (10%) and A1 glenoids with the standard component. There was no difference in postoperative glenoid component version and inclination between groups. B3 glenoids were associated with more component medialization relative to the premorbid joint line compared with A1 and B2 glenoids (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

A stepped augmented glenoid component can restore premorbid glenoid anatomy in patients with asymmetric biconcave glenoid bone loss (Walch B2), with short-term clinical and radiographic results equivalent to those for patients without glenoid bone loss (Walch A1) treated with a non-augmented component. There is a greater risk of CPO in patients with moderate-to-severe B3 glenoid pathology with this stepped augmented glenoid component. Longer follow-up will help define the clinical implications of CPO over time.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Press Ganey Surveys in Patients Undergoing Upper-Extremity Surgical Procedures
Authors: Weir Tristan B. , Zhang Tina , Jauregui Julio J. , Aneizi Ali , Schneider Matheus B. , Sajak Patrick M.J. , Gilotra Mohit N. , Abzug Joshua M. , Akabudike Ngozi M. , Henn R. Frank
Published: May 2021

Background:

Patient satisfaction surveys are important measures of the patient experience that provide data for quality improvement. The purpose of this study was to establish the response rate and the factors associated with the completion of the Press Ganey (PG) Ambulatory Surgery Survey (PGAS) in patients who underwent ambulatory upper-extremity surgical procedures.

Methods:

A prospective orthopaedic registry at a single academic ambulatory surgical center was retrospectively reviewed for patients who underwent an upper-extremity surgical procedure from 2015 to 2019. The institutional PG database was queried to determine the patients who completed the PGAS postoperatively. The response rate was calculated, and baseline characteristics and patient-reported outcome measures were compared between responders and nonresponders.

Results:

Of the 1,489 patients included, 201 (13.5%) were responders and 1,288 (86.5%) were nonresponders. Differences existed in baseline characteristics between groups, with responders being significantly older (p = 0.004) and having significantly higher proportions of White race (p < 0.001), college education (p = 0.011), employment (p = 0.005), marriage (p = 0.006), and higher income earners (p < 0.001). Responders had significantly better baseline Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores across multiple domains (p < 0.05), but these differences were not clinically meaningful.

Conclusions:

PGAS response rates were low (13.5%), and differences between responders and nonresponders may be utilized by hospitals to target feedback from underrepresented patient populations. Surgeons, policymakers, and health-care administrators should use caution with the interpretation of PGAS results because responders may not be representative of all patients.
Atraumatic Anterior Hip Dislocation as High Grade of Hip Instability
Authors: Arbeloa-Gutierrez Lucas , Arenas-Miquelez Antonio
Published: May 2021

Case:

Fifty-year-old woman who presented an atraumatic anterior hip dislocation during a local traditional dance exhibition. The dislocation occurred during a dance step in which extreme hip position in extension and external rotation was held. After urgent closed reduction under general anesthesia, the patient underwent conservative management with a follow-up of 24 months. There were no further dislocation events or sequelae, with the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-12 scale score was 100 points at the end of follow-up.

Conclusions:

Atraumatic hip dislocation is the highest grade and exceptional presentation of hip instability and requires immediate treatment. Conservative treatment is satisfactory, although in case of recurrence or persistent residual symptoms, other treatments are warrant.
Correction of a Squeaky Knee After ACL Reconstruction Surgery
Authors: Moran Jay , Kahan Joseph B. , Gardner Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

Case:

We report a squeaking knee complication on weight-bearing and active flexion-extension because of a migrating nonabsorbable FiberWire suture in a 16-year-old boy who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Although not physically limiting, the noise caused psychological distress in our patient as a young adult. As the noise did not resolve with nonsurgical treatment, we performed arthroscopic surgical correction and removed loose FiberWire strands protruding from the femoral tunnel which completely eliminated the sound.

Conclusions:

Squeaking knee complications because of migrating nonabsorbable sutures post-ACL reconstruction surgery do not heal with time and can be corrected surgically.
Le Giannimondo
Authors: Migliore Brigida
Published: May 2021

Dans cette époque actuelle de pandémie de COVID-19, la musique et les musiciens ont étéobligés à se réinventer pour continuer la pratique artistique, étant donné que les activitésculturelles ont été interrompues ou reportées. L’espace de diffusion le plus utilisé a été celuioffert par les nouvelles technologies, en particulier les réseaux sociaux, que les musiciens ontutilisé pour l’organisation de concerts et performances, en live ou enregistrés, afin de ne pasarrêter le flux de la création et de l’inventive musicale. À l’intérieur de ce triste contexte de nosjours, dans une ville du Sud de l’Italie, nous avons pu suivre les activités du Giannimondo. Ils’agit d’un projet crée par un jeune salernitain, Gianni Fiorito, qui a inventé un espace culturelvirtuel sous-forme d’émission en livestreaming Instagram et Facebook. Les épisodes ont eucomme objectif de garder les gens à la maison depuis mars (début des restrictions duGouvernement italien), essayant de proposer des contenus culturels intéressants. Enparticulier, une place de relief a été consacrée à la musique par l’invitation d’artistes afin de lesfaire exprimer à travers des entretiens et par des petites performances. L’événement le plusimportant organisé à l’intérieur du Giannimondo a été le concert du 1er Mai (2020), qui a vu huitheures de performances par trente jeunes artistes, en livestreaming. D’autres activités sontprévues pour accompagner les jeunes et les adultes dans le lent retour à la normalité.Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, musicians—and the music industry—have been forced toreinvent themselves in order to continue the production and dissemination of art, as all culturalactivities have been interrupted or postponed. To this end, the most popular spaces in whichartists have broadcast their work have been made possible by new technologies. Socialnetworks, in particular—which musicians have used to organize concerts and performances,both live and recorded—have allowed these artists to continue the flow of creativity and musicalinventiveness. Within the context of the challenging first months of the pandemic, in a town insouthern Italy, myself and others were able to find some respite by following the activities ofGiannimondo. Created by a young Salernitan, Gianni Fiorito, this was a virtual cultural space inthe form of a recurring Instagram and Facebook livestream show. The episodes, which offeredinteresting cultural content, were produced to encourage people to stay at home after Italiangovernment restrictions began in March 2020. This series became a prominent, online spacededicated to showcasing artists expressing themselves through interviews and shortperformances. The most important event as part of Giannimondo was its May 1 concert, whichsaw eight hours of livestreamed performances by thirty young artists. This series is alsocommitted to planning other activities to support both young people and adults in the slow returnto post-pandemic normalcy.
Time Folding • Folding Time
Authors: Cay Miller Lisa
Published: May 2021

Lisa Cay Miller is a pianist/composer/improviser and Artistic Director of the NOW Society. In this piece, she offers a poetic description of the technological challenges associated with a large-scale sequential improvisation project in which thirty-six musicians and two sound engineers collaborated with one another to produce a total of thirty-eight videos of improvised musical performances.
Musical careers in constant crises
Authors: Tsioulakis Ioannis , Bastani Hadi , Linardou Anna , Sharafi Rojin
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented crisis for performing musicians globally. But how are these new circumstances perceived by musicians in localities that have gone through multiple crises in the recent past? This article unfolds as a dialogue between two academics and two musicians from Greece and Iran, touching on issues of precarity, creativity, capitalism, state support and control, and radical ideas for a post-Covid cultural economy. Reflecting on conditions of economic crisis (Greece) and sanctions and military tensions (Iran), we argue that a return to ‘normalcy’ post-Covid is neither feasible nor desired by most musicians outside of institutional elites. By examining the experiences of musicians in the periphery of global markets and artistic circulation, we enrich the analysis of these unprecedented circumstances, but also find well-established coping strategies and seeds of resistance.
Análisis del aprovechamiento de las exportaciones colombianas en el marco del TLC Colombia-Canadá
Authors: Montoya-Durán María Isabel , Limas-Mendigaño Laura Tatiana
Published: May 2021

El objetivo general de esta investigación es analizar el aprovechamiento de las exportaciones colombianas en el marco del TLC Colombia-Canadá, dado que este es el primer acuerdo celebrado entre Colombia y un país desarrollado de la región. El estudio utiliza una metodología mixta; inicialmente, a través de una revisión documental, se describe el comercio internacional de Colombia y Canadá, luego se identifican las tendencias de comercio bilateral entre los dos países en el 2018 y se caracterizan las condiciones arancelarias actuales con una matriz comparada de análisis. Finalmente, se analiza la oferta exportable colombiana frente a la demanda canadiense, con indicadores comerciales tales como el IVCR, el índice de intensidad comercial y el índice de complementariedad, a fin de identificar sectores en los que Colombia tenga ventaja frente a Canadá. El resultado de la investigación evidencia que Canadá no es un socio comercial significativo para Colombia, pero se puede aprovechar la ventaja comparativa en sectores como la floricultura, con el fin de aumentar las exportaciones al mercado canadiense.
Early Versus Late Use of Dexamethasone in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Alhubaishi Alaa , Juhani Ohoud Al , Eljaaly Khalid , Harbi Omar Al , Badreldin Hisham A. , Yousif Ghada Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Albelwi Shorouq , Almutairi Rahaf , Almousa Maha , Alghamdi Razan , Alharbi Aisha , Algarni Rahmah , Akhani Nada , Atassi Abdulaleam Al , Ghamdi Ghassan Al
Published: May 2021

Background: Corticosteroids, especially dexamethasone, showed a survival benefit in critically ill COVID 19 patients. However, it is unclear whether the timing of dexamethasone initiation is associated with positive outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the timing of dexamethasone initiation and 30-day mortality in critically ill patients with COVID19.Methods: A multicenter, non-interventional, prospective study for all adult COVID19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) received systemic dexamethasone between March 01 to December 31, 2020. Patients were divided into two groups based on the timing for dexamethasone use (early vs. late). Early use is defined as new initiation of dexamethasone within three days of ICU admission or initiation prior to ICU admission (e.g., wards) and continuation during ICU stay. Propensity score matching was used after adjusting for patient’s age, gender, and mechanical ventilation needs within 24 hours of ICU admission. We considered a P value of < 0.05 statistically significant.Results: A total of 475 patients were included in the study; dexamethasone was used early within three days of ICU admission in 435 patients. Among 156 patients matched using propensity score, 39 had received dexamethasone after three days of ICU admission (Ratio 1:4). 30-day mortality (OR [95%CI]: 1.86[0.87, 3.95], p-value=0.11) and in-hospital mortality (OR [95%CI]: 1.47[0.71, 3.06], p-value=0.29) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Early use of dexamethasone was associated with shorter MV duration (beta coefficient [95% CI]: -0.67 [-1.31, -0.04], p-value=0.04), ICU length of stay (LOS) (beta coefficient [95%CI]: -0.66 [-0.961, -0.36], p-value=0.001), and hospital LOS (beta coefficient [95%CI]: -0.65 [-0.92, -0.39], p-value=0.001).Conclusion: Early use of dexamethasone within three days of ICU admission in COVID-19 critically ill patients was associated with shorter MV duration, ICU and hospital LOS.
Can environmental regulation solve China's employment dilemma: Empirical analysis based on scale and structure effects
Authors: Li Mengjie , Du Weijian
Published: May 2021

Whether the environmental regulation policy can achieve the double dividend of pollution control and employment promotion is a problem worthy of further discussion. This paper studies the effect of environmental regulation on employment scale and employment structure. Based on the matching data, the empirical results show that environmental regulations enhance the employment scale of enterprise. From the perspective of employment structure, labor redistribution, which is caused by environmental regulation, is mainly reflected in the employment creation and employment destruction effects, which lead to the optimization of the employment structure. Further research shows that environmental regulations expand employment scale but have different impacts on the employment structure in the developed and undeveloped regions of China. In addition, internal and external factors, such as enterprise innovation and institutional environment, may affect the relationship of environmental regulation and employment of enterprise. This paper provides theoretical support for the promotion of the construction of ecological civilizations and the solving of the employment dilemma.
Periodic Response Analysis of A Jeffcott-Rotor System By The Integral Equation Method
Authors: Zhang Wenxin , Chen Yueli
Published: May 2021

In this paper, two modified nonlinear saturation-based controllers and negative velocity feedback controllers are integrated to suppress the horizontal and vertical vibrations of a horizontally supported Jeffcott-rotor system at primary resonance excitation and the presence of 1:1 and 1:2 internal resonances. The second order approximations and the amplitude equations are obtained by applying the integral equation method to analyze the nonlinear behavior of this model. The stability of the steady-state solutions is ascertained based on the Floquet theory. The necessity of adding a negative velocity feedback to the main system is stated. The effects of different control parameters on the frequency-response curves and the force-response curves are investigated. Time histories of the whole system are included to show the response with and without control. It is shown that the saturation-based controller can reduce the system response to almost zero and the negative velocity feedback can suppress the transient vibrations and prevent the main system having the large amplitude vibration. The analyses show that analytical solutions are in excellent agreement with the numerical simulations. Finally, a comparison with previously published works is included.
Model Predictive Control for Electrodynamic Tether Geometric Profile in Orbital Maneuvering with Finite Element State Estimator
Authors: Li Gangqiang , Zhu Zheng H.
Published: May 2021

This paper studies the control of geometric profile of a librating electrodynamic tether by model predictive control using the induced electric current in tether only. First, a high-fidelity multiphysics model of an electrodynamic tether system is built based on the nodal position finite element method and the orbital-motion-limited theory. Second, a state estimator is proposed to estimate the geometric profile of a librating electrodynamic tether, where only the positions and velocities at the tether ends are measurable. The non-measurable geometric profile of tether between two ends is estimated by the high-fidelity multiphysics model with the input of the measurement at tether ends in the spatial domain. To avoid the singularity or ambiguity in the estimation, the geometric profile of tether is then propagated in the time domain by the extended Kalman filter. Third, the problem of controlling the geometric profile of a librating electrodynamic tether is converted into a trajectory tracking problem of the underactuated electrodynamic tether system, where the induced electric current in the tether is the only control input. The control input is optimized by the model predictive control method subject to the output and input control constraints. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed approach is capable of effectively controlling the shape of the liberating electrodynamic tether to the reference trajectory.
Evidence-Based Practice Utilization and Associated Factors Among Nurses in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Kidist , Shewangizaw Zewdu
Published: May 2021

Background: To make an evidence-based practice, clinical research and updates matters, thus the result of this study will help nurses to exercise evidence-based practice for the utmost care to their patients. With regards all the various programs and strategies to promote the use of clinical research and updates, there is still a gap in practicing. A number of studies from various countries have reported that nurses’ experience of evidence-based practice is low. In Ethiopia, there is a gap on evidence-based nursing practice. Objective: To assess evidence-based practice utilization and associated factors among nurses at public hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: A mixed-method approach (concurrent triangulation) was employed from November to December, 2020 among 422 study participant. Semi-structured and pretested self-administered questioners were used to collect data. Then the collected data were cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 22 for analysis. The result was displayed through simple and multiple linear regressions. The total scores were expressed using regression coefficient (β), 95% Confidence interval. For the qualitative study, in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sampling method. The data were entered and analyzed using open code software version 4.0.Results: Of 422 distributed questionnaires, all were completed with 100% response rate. EBP exercised by the participant to the degree of 28.4%, 48.8% and 8.8% respectively to low, medium and high level. Those with a good knowledge about EBP, increases their implementation by 0.338. Educational status of nurses was significantly associated with evidence-based practice utilization (β=0.647, P=0.02).Having a managerial support will increase the implementation by 0.835. Conclusion: Small number of participants had implemented EBP to a high level. Evidence-based nursing practice was positively associated with knowledge, attitude, and educational status, lack of managers’ support and availability of information resources. Intervention programs on awareness creation, training, resource provision, and curriculum issues to improve implementation of evidence based nursing practice by stakeholders are recommended.
Prognostic Significance of Targeted Magnetic Resonance Coronary Angiography to Predict Cardiac Events in Patients with Known or Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kaolawanich Yodying , Thongsongsang Rawiwan , Boonyasirinant Thananya
Published: May 2021

Background Magnetic resonance coronary angiography (MRCA) is one of the most promising tools for noninvasive imaging of coronary arteries without radiation exposure or contrast media administration. However, knowledge about the prognostic value of MRCA is limited.Methods The study included 389 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent clinical cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) including MRCA imaging. The presence of significant coronary artery stenosis was defined by visual estimation of ≥50% diameter reduction using targeted MRCA images. Patients were followed up for hard cardiac events (cardiac death or non-fatal myocardial infarction) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) that also included hospitalization for heart failure and late revascularization (>180 days after the CMR study).Results Average age was 68±11 years and 48% were male. One hundred and thirty-nine patients had significant stenosis on MRCA. During a median follow-up period of 53.9 months, 23 hard cardiac events and 52 MACE occurred. Patients with significant coronary artery stenosis had higher rates of hard cardiac events (annual event rate, 3.12% versus 0.56%; HR 5.52; 95% CI 2.17-14.01; p<0.001) and MACE (annual event rate, 6.44% vs. 1.83%; HR 3.49; 95% CI 1.98-6.14; p<0.001) than those without significant stenosis. Multivariate analyses identified significant coronary artery stenosis as an independent predictor of hard cardiac events (HR 3.35; 95% CI 1.13-9.96; p=0.03) and MACE (HR 2.00; 95% CI 1.02-3.90; p=0.04). MRCA presented an incremental prognostic value over clinical factors, left ventricular ejection fraction, and myocardial scarring to predict hard cardiac events (p=0.03).Conclusion Targeted MRCA demonstrated independent and incremental prognostic values to predict future cardiac events in patients with known or suspected CAD.
Structure and Ferromagnetism in Carbon Nanofibers from PAN/PVP
Authors: Teeta Suminya - , Sonsupap Somchai - , Wanchanthuek Ratchaneekorn - , Maensiri Santi - , Chanlek Narong - , Wongsaprom Kwanruthai -
Published: May 2021

We report on the room-temperature ferromagnetism in carbon nanofibers. Carbon nanofibers were fabricated using sequential electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The morphologies, crystal structures, chemical bonding states and magnetic properties were characterized for three different polyacrylonitrile (PAN) to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) weight ratios (10:0, 7:3 and 6:4) of PAN/PVP. The as-spun PAN/PVP were carbonized in three steps; stabilization, carbonization and activation at 800 ºC to obtain carbon nanofibers. The morphology and structure of the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were completely characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The elemental composition and the chemical bonding of CNFs were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the magnetic properties of CNFs were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room-temperature. XRD patterns showed the phase of amorphous carbon structure. The average diameter sizes of the carbon nanofibers ranged from 340 to 484 nm. Raman analysis was used to determine the carbon qualities in the samples by the numbers of sp3/sp2 hybridized atoms. Chemical analysis with XPS indicated that there were no magnetic contaminants in the samples. The PAN/PVP weight ratio of 6:4 showed ferromagnetic carbon nanofibers with the highest specific magnetization as ~144.2 memu/g at 300 K. These results inspire us to further research the potential of carbon materials, as a completely new class of magnetic devices. This will aid the development of new technologies in the near future.
SRT1720 Protects Against CSE-Induced Cellular Senescence via Accelerates of FOXO3-PINK1-mediated Mitophagy
Authors: Jiang hui , Fu Changyong , Yuan Dong , Jiang Yaona , Li Yaqing
Published: May 2021

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associate with cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-introduced bronchial epithelial cell senescence, mitochondrial fragmentation. Sirtuin-1(Sirt1) has been reported to play a crucial role in mitochondrial homeostasis and confers a protective role against the onset and development of CSE introduced bronchial epithelial cell senescence in COPD although the precise mechanism(s) remain elusive. Here we hypothesized that SRT1720, a pharmacological SIRT1720 activator, exerts protect against COPD by activating PINK1 mediated mitophagy, en route to preserved mitochondrial homeostasis.MethodsCOPD rats model was established by CS exposure. During 6 months of SRT1720 treatment, airway resistance, cellular senescence and mitochondrial injury, mitophagy in the lung tissues of model rats were examined by western blot(WB) and histochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Transmission electron microscopy was also carried to elucidate the effects of SRT1720.Human bronchial epithelial cells(HBEC) were used to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms. ResultDuring the introduction of CSE in cellular or rats, administration of SRT1720 improved airway resistance, cellular senescence and mitochondrial injury, accompanied with suppressed autophagy and mitophagy. Mitochondrial damage, cellular senescence and lung injury under contrast exposure were more severe in FOXO3 or Pink1 deficient cells and mice than in SRT1720 groups. Activation of Sirt1 by treating with SRT1720 induces autophagy enhanced. A Decrease in sirt1 expression caused by selisistat treatment promotes senescence.ConclusionsTaken together, our data suggested that suppressed SIRT1/FOXO3/Pink1 signaling mediated mitophagy played a protective role in COPD by reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Pattern selection in multi-layer network with adaptive coupling
Authors: Feng Peihua , Wu Ying
Published: May 2021

Feed-forward effect modulates collective behavior of a multiple neuron network and facilitates strongly synchronization of their firing in deep layers. However, full synchronization of neuron system corresponds to functional disorder. In this work, we investigate coexistence of synchronized and incoherent neurons in deeper layer (called chimera state) in order to avoid the contradiction between facilitation of full synchronization and complete functional failure of neuron system. We focus on a multiple network containing two layers and confirm that chimera state in layer 1 could also induce that in layer 2 when the feed-forward effect is strong enough. Cluster also is discovered as a transient state which separates full synchronization and chimera state and occupy a narrow region. Both feed-forward and back-forward effect together emerge of chimera states in both layer 1 and 2 under same parameter in large range of parameters selection. Further, we introduce adaptive dynamics into inter-layer rather than intra-layer couplings. Under this circumstance chimera state still can be induced and coupling matrix will be self-organized under suitable phase parameter to guarantee chimera formation. Indeed, chimera states exist and transit to deeper layer in a regular multiple network with very strict parameter selection. The results helps understanding better the neuron firing propagating and encoding scheme in a multi-layer neuron network.
The role of pregnancy acceptability in maternal mental health and bonding during pregnancy
Authors: McNamara Josephine , Risi Alixandra , Bird Amy L. , Townsend Michelle L. , Herbert Jane S.
Published: May 2021

Background
Pregnancy is an important time for women’s mental health and marks the foundations of the emerging bond between mother and baby. This study aimed to investigate the role of pregnancy acceptability and intendedness in maternal mental health and bonding during pregnancy.
Methods
Data were collected from a sample of 116 Australian pregnant women through a series of self-report questionnaires pertaining to mental health and antenatal bonding.
Results
Women with low pregnancy acceptability reported higher depression, anxiety and total distress, and lower antenatal bonding, physical and environmental quality of life. Women who reported their pregnancy was intended reported higher physical quality of life than those who reported their pregnancy was unintended. The relationship between total distress and antenatal bonding was moderated by women’s degree of pregnancy acceptability (low versus high). For women with low acceptability, higher distress was associated with lower bonding, but there was no such association for women with high pregnancy acceptability. The moderation model examining associations between distress and pregnancy acceptability explained 15% of the variance in antenatal bonding scores.
Conclusion
Consideration of women’s appraisal of their pregnancy acceptability may provide a valuable framework for identifying individuals who may be at risk for mental health and bonding difficulties.
Examination of necessity for pelvic drain placement after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Iwamoto Hiroaki , Kadono Yoshifumi , Yaegashi Hiroshi , Iijima Masashi , Kawaguchi Shohei , Nohara Takahiro , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Izumi Kouji , Mizokami Atsushi
Published: May 2021

PurposeRadical prostatectomy is the gold standard treatment for clinically localised prostate cancer. Pelvic drain (PD) placement is commonly performed after RARP to prevent the formation of urinary cysts, pelvic hematomas and lymphoceles that would require further treatment. RARP has been reported to have few perioperative complications, and the need for PD placement is not clear. This study aimed to assess the need for PD placement after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). MethodThis retrospective uncontrolled before-after study analysed the effect of PD placement on postoperative complications in patients who underwent RARP between May 2009 and April 2018.ResultsAll patients prior to October 1, 2016 had a PD placed; those after did not. Of the 308 study patients, 231 received a PD (PD group) and 77 did not (ND group). The incidence of ileus, urinary tract infection and anastomotic leak did not differ significantly between the groups; nor did the incidence of asymptomatic and symptomatic lymphocele at 2 weeks and 1 year after surgery. Multivariate analysis showed that lymph node dissection is a predictor of asymptomatic lymphocele development two weeks after surgery.ConclusionPD placement is not necessary after RARP. Future large-scale studies are required to identify patients that would benefit from PD placement.
Estimating SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Levels Among Sputnik V First Dose Vaccinated People in Pakistan: Formulation of Anti-COVID-19 National Mass Vaccination Strategy.
Authors: Saeed Umar , Uppal Sara Rizwan , Piracha Zahra Zahid , Khan Aftab Ahmad , Rasheed Azhar , Waheed Amir , Uppal Rehan , Uppal Rizwan
Published: May 2021

Rapid ramp up of immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 during pandemic enables adequate prevention and treatment for COVID-19. Estimating levels of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies post vaccination is crucial for designing mass-vaccination strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of Sputnik V first dose in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study of 2000 participants was conducted for examining Gam-COVID-Vac or Sputnik V first dose effects at 21st days post administration at Islamabad Diagnostic Center, Islamabad, Pakistan. From 100 real-time PCR negative (SARS-CoV-2 RNA) individuals, samples were collected and analyzed for antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) (Elecsys # 09289267190 Roche, USA). 85% of the participants showed strong positive results with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies >1.5 AU/ml. The individuals with antibody titer >250 AU/ml were 34.9%. Among those with antibody levels >250 AU/ml 52% had previous history of COVID-19 infection. While participants with >100 AU/ml of antibodies were 12.7%. However 9.5% showed antibody titer of >25 AU/ml. 27% of participants had antibody titers of >1.5-2.5 AU/ml. While antibody titers of <1.5 AU/ml were observed among 15.9% of participants. Majority of the individuals represented significantly high antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 even before second booster dose of Ad5 based Sputnik V vaccine. Continuous monitoring of antibody levels among COVID-19 vaccinated populations are deemed to assess humoral immunity status against SARS-CoV-2 infections.
HPV Infection and its Relationship with Expression of PIK3CA, PIK3CB in Esophageal Squamous Cells Carcinoma
Authors: Wen Feifei , Li Yangyang , He Shuang , Xu Xiaoyang , Guo Ningjie , Jia Zhenzhen , Cui Zhongze , Lu Lizhen , Wu Shuhua
Published: May 2021

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly lethal cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is currently considered as a potential risk factor for ESCC, but this assumption is still contradictory. P16INK4a (p16) staining can be used as an alternative marker of HPV oncogene activity. This study was to investigate the role of HPV in esophageal cancer and to compare the relationship between HPV status and PIK3CA, PIK3CB. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and RT-PCR analyses were performed to detect the expression of p16, PIK3CA, PIK3CB and p53 in 156 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The patients were followed up by telephone or clinic. Results: The positive rates of p16, PIK3CA, PIK3CB and p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were significantly higher than those in normal esophageal mucosa. The overexpression of p16 was closely related to tumor location, TNM stage, differentiation and lymph node metastasis. In addition, the expression of p16 was positively correlated with the expression of PIK3CA, but not with the expression of PIK3CB and p53. Survival analysis showed that p16 was a good prognostic marker, while PIK3CA and p53 were poor prognostic markers. Conclusions: HPV infection is associated with ESCC. The imbalance of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is closely related to HPV infection and prognosis. Detection of p16 and PIK3CA is of great significance in evaluating the prognosis and optimizing the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Key Validity Using the Multiple-parameter Fractional Fourier Transform for Image Encryption
Authors: Zhao Tieyu , Chi Yingying
Published: May 2021

Multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform (MPFRFT) is proposed and applied to image encryption. The MPFRFT with two vector parameters has better security, which becomes the main technical means to protect information security. However, our study found that many keys of the MPFRFT are invalid, which greatly reduces its security. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation verify our point of view.
Simulation of Sugarcane Growth and Yield Under Optimized Subsurface Irrigation System
Authors: Gunarathna M.H.J.P. , Kumari M.K.N.
Published: May 2021

The optimized subsurface irrigation system (OPSIS) is a newly developed subsurface irrigation system to irrigate upland crops. Although it is already evaluated for few crops using field experiments, further evaluation is required. Since field experiments are tedious, expensive, we need an alternative approach to evaluate the OPSIS. A well-calibrated and validated crop model is a fast-alternative option for developing and evaluating agronomic practices. Therefore, this study aimed to develop the modeling capabilities of APSIM to simulate the OPSIS. We conducted field experiments for three growing seasons (main crop and two ratoons), two planting seasons (spring and summer planting), and two separate crops to collect necessary data for calibration and validation processes. We scripted a new module named "OPSIS" to couple OPSIS to the APSIM engine. We parameterized, calibrated, and validated the APSIM to simulate the growth and yield of sugarcane with OPSIS. After firm parameterization and calibration, APSIM-Sugar can successfully simulate the growth and yield of sugarcane with OPSIS. However, the simulation of soil moisture dynamics and irrigation water use were not up to the standards. Although it gives quite reasonable results for growth and yield simulations of sugarcane, further studies are suggested to develop the simulation accuracy of soil water dynamics and irrigation water use through the OPSIS.
Young Women In The United States Increasingly Underestimate Their Weight, and Young Women In Korea Overestimate It
Authors: Kim Yoon-Sook , Kim Jin Kook , Cho Jae Hoon
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in body image perception between young women in the United States and Korea. The study was conducted using data from young women aged between 20 and 40 who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018) of the US and Korea. "Overweight" body image perception with normal body weight was considered underestimation. Overweight or obesity with a "normal weight" or "underweight" body image perception is considered as overestimating. The percentage of young women who were overweight or obese was about 60% in the US and about 20% in Korea. Twenty years ago, the percentage of young women who overestimated their weight in the US was 30.3%, before steadily declining. In Korea, it was 25.8% before rising to more than 41.9% in 2008. Of the overweight women, 32.6% in the US and 15.7% in Korea underestimated their weight 20 years ago, but since then, the percentage has gradually increased in the US and declined in Korea. Body image perception differed according to marital status and race. In conclusion, young women in the US tend to underestimate their weight while in Korea they tend to overestimate it.
Investigating the Relationship Between Water Production and Interfacial Activity of Γ-oryzanol, Ethyl Ferulate, and Ferulic Acid During the Peroxidation of Bulk Oil
Authors: Toorani Mohamad Reza , Golmakani Mohamad-Taghi
Published: May 2021

In this study, lecithin (as a surfactant) was added to promote the inhibitory-mechanism of γ-oryzanol, ethyl-ferulate and ferulic acid (based on the interfacial phenomena) so as to inhibit the oxidation of stripped sunflower oil. Monitoring the amount of water production as a byproduct of oxidation showed that the water content of the lipid system increased remarkably through the oxidation progress. Lecithin enhanced the critical concentration of hydroperoxides in reverse micelles, compared to the basic state (14.8 vs. 9.2 mM), thereby improving the hydrogen-donating mechanism of antioxidants. The size of reverse micelles increased progressively during the oxidation, while two breakpoints were pointed out in the micelles growth, i.e. at the end of the initiation and the propagation phases. Based on the kinetic data, ferulic acid showed the highest antioxidant activity (23.4), compared to ethyl-ferulate (15.5) and γ-oryzanol (13.7). Generally, lecithin enhanced antioxidant activity (~65%) by improving the interfacial performance of antioxidants.
Putative functions and co-occurrence patterns of the microbial communities in natural and engineered ecosystems
Authors: Xia Yu , Li Na , Chen Yiyun , Li Weijia , He Xuwen , Xu Heng , Wang Jianbing
Published: May 2021

Understanding functions and co-occurrence patterns of microbial communities in various ecosystems enriches the knowledge on ecosystem characteristics and microbial ecology. However, such analyses have rarely been reported. Herein, functions and inter-taxa correlations of microbial communities in a set of natural environments (farmland (SA), forest soil (SB) and Caspian Sea sediments (CSS)) and engineered ecosystems (wastewater treatment plants (FW, WA and WB) and anaerobic digesters (AD)) were studied based on FAPROTAX and network analyses, respectively, by a collection of 115 samples from seven published 16S rRNA gene datasets generated by high-throughput sequencing. The results show that chemoheterotrophy related populations were the most abundant in almost all the communities. Their relative abundances (RAs) in the AD systems were the highest (43.7%±4.2%), followed by those of the soil environments (40.2%±1.9% in SA and 36.4%±2.0% in SB). For each ecosystem, the indicative community and overall community showed differentiations in several function categories. For example, the SA and SB indicative communities showed higher RAs in aerobic chemoheterotrophy, the CSS indicative community showed higher RAs in sulfate respiration, the AD indicative community showed higher RAs in fermentation, and the WB indicative community included higher RAs of predatory/exoparasitic bacteria. Three molecular ecological networks of the communities from the AD, WB and SB datasets were constructed, respectively. The WB network showed the highest proportion of negative correlations (70.4%), possibly attributed to the environmental pressure which aggravated microbial competition. The positively correlated taxa showed lower phylogenetic distances than the negatively correlated taxa on average in each network.
Quantitative Recommendation of Phosphorus Fertilizer Based On The Correlation Between Phosphorus of Plant Organs and Soil Phosphorus In Washington Navel Oranges
Authors: Ejraei Abdolkarim
Published: May 2021

AimMany methods have been proposed to recommend plant nutrients, all of which are qualitative and based on the concentration of the element in the soil or leaves. But, in the "Integrated Plant and Soil System" (IPSS) method, there is a recommendation of fertilizer quantified and based on the correlation between concentration of elements in plant and soil organs. MethodsIn this study, 39 Washington Navel Oranges orchards were selected and in each orchard, three trees were chosen and sampled from roots, stems, leaves, fruit as well as the soil around the roots. Sampling was performed in late March and early May for two consecutive years and phosphorus was measured in the samples. After a correlation analysis between "soil properties and phosphorus of plant organs" with soil phosphorus, those factors that had a significant correlation with soil phosphorus were selected. And based on that, there was determined a regression model between them.ResultsAmong all the studied factors, fruit phosphorus had the highest correlation with soil phosphorus. Based on that, two regression equations were obtained by which the required phosphorus can be calculated.DiscussionsSince the physicochemical properties of each element are different from the other, so the leaf alone cannot be a good indicator to determine the nutritional status of all elements. Therefore, it is more logical that the fertilizer recommendation of each element is based on the correlation between the element in that organ of the plant that has the highest correlation with that element in the soil.