bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES LARGE JOINTS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES UNDER COMBINED ABDOMINO-SKELETAL INJURY
Authors: Kryliuk V.O. , Garian S.V.
Published: March 2021

To study the effect of limb reperfusion in a model of combined abdominal-skeletal trauma and massive blood loss on histological changes of the knee joints. The experiment used 40 adult white male Wistar rats weighing 190-220 g, which were on a standard diet of vivarium. The experimental animals who modeled closed abdominal trauma, skeletal trauma, massive external blood loss, and ischemia-reperfusion of the lower extremities. The studies were performed 21 days after trauma modeling. All trauma experiments were performed under thiopental sodium (40 mg·kg-1 mass). The closed femoral bone fracture was modeled by applying a single metered blow to a specially designed thigh device. Closed trauma to the abdominal organs was modeled by applying two metered blows to the abdominal cavity with a specially designed device. Massive external blood loss was modeled by blood flow from 20 to 22 % of circulating blood volume from the femoral vessels on the opposite side of the femur fracture. Lower limb ischemia­reperfusion was simulated by imposing hemostatic plaits on the proximal portions of the lower legs of the test animals for two hours. In the preparations of the tissues of the hip and knee joint tissue reactive changes characteristic of inflammatory processes was found: pronounced changes in the hyaline cartilage of the metepiphyseal plate of the joints, edema of the connective tissue, disruption of the ordered arrangement of the insert plates of the compact part of the bone, significant vascular disorders in the form of arteries, edema of the adventitious sheath of vessels was noted. Thus, it was determined that combined trauma combined with ischemia reperfusion of the lower extremities in the later periods after the traumatic period can cause reactive changes in the large joints of the lower extremities.
STRUCTURAL-PHENOMENOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AGGRESSIVENESS AND HOSTILE REACTIONS IN THE COMMAND WAREHOUSE OF THE COMMERCIAL AND PASSENGER NAVY
Authors: Kosenko K.A.
Published: March 2021

During 2016-2019, 110 members of the command staff of the Merchant Navy (KTF) and 70 commanders of the passenger fleet (KPF) were surveyed. The study included the use of clinical and psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and statistical methods. The purpose of the work is to provide structural and phenomenological characteristics of aggression and hostile reactions in the command staff of the merchant and passenger navy, as a destructive response of the individual to excessive occupational stressors, depending on the specifics of their professional activities. Design, contingent and research methods. KTF are characterized by a higher intensity of manifestations of aggression, which are expressed in them at the level of increased values, and have a higher number of people with a high level of their severity, compared with KPF, which show a medium intensity of manifestations and a higher number of people with a low level of aggressive manifestations. This is due to an increase in such components of aggression as irritation and verbal aggression, against the background of average susceptibility to physical aggression. The vast majority of commanders of both types of navy show hostility reactions of increased severity, although among the CPF the number of people with an average level is higher than among the CTF. This indicates the presence of a destructive vector of affective-behavioral response in this contingent. This is partly due to the increased sense of guilt, which is observed both in the sample as a whole and in a larger number of KPF, compared with KTF. The obtained data should be taken into account when developing specific measures of psychotherapy and psychoprophylaxis for this contingent, which is the perspective of this study.
PROGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR DEVELOPMENT OF IMPAIRED MOTOR FUNCTION IN PRETERM INFANTS WITH PERINATAL HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors: Vareshniuk O.V. , Vyun V.V.
Published: March 2021

In the course of work, in order to identify prognostic criteria for the development of impaired motor function in preterm infants with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, a comprehensive examination of 79 infants of both gender born prematurely was performed. All children underwent perinatal hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system, 37.9 % of them were diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, and 20.3 % had spastic diplegia; 27.8 % - childhood hemiplegia; 13.9 % - hydrocephalus acquired. All children were developed with delayed speech function, patients with infantile hemiplegia and 89.2 % with spastic diplegia at the age of 3 caught up with their peers. Patients with spastic cerebral palsy had speech and cognitive impairment. Prognostic criteria for the likelihood of development of motor function disorders in the examined children are selected taking into account the indicators of their neurological and motor status, gestational age, gender, degree of periintraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, perivetricular ischemia. The factors leading to the categories «walking without restrictions», «walking with auxiliary devices», «walking not mastered» have been systematized. It has been proved that the combination of periintraventricular hemorrhages of the II degree with ischemic lesions of the brain of mild degree, in most cases gives a more positive prognosis, and the association with more pronounced ischemic lesions forms a heavy motor prognosis in children who were born prematurely and underwent perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Predictably unfavorable factors for the formation of cognitive and speech deficits in premature infants are intraventricular hemorrhages of the III degree and periventricular leukomalacia. The prognostic factors for the occurrence of motor disorders in preterm infants are periintraventricular hemorrhage of the II-IV degree, periventricular leukomalacia of the II degree and male gender of the child.
THE RISCS OF REPEATED STROKES AND REPERFUSION SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE STENOSIS OF CAROTID ARTERIES
Authors: Pulyaeva I.S. , Prasol V.O.
Published: March 2021

The results of a comprehensive examination and surgical treatment of 230 patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries were analyzed. The study included patients with symptomatic stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) (more than 50 %), asymptomatic ICA stenosis (more than 70 %), unstable ICA plaque, visual impairment. To assess the severity of neurological deficits, the degree of recovery of neurological functions, a scoring system of various clinical and neurological parameters was performed using the scale of stroke severity of the National Institutes of Health (NIHSS) with evaluation recommendations. Patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery disease, large stroke, and bilateral carotid artery disease have been shown to be the highest risk group for recurrent stroke and reperfusion syndrome. When choosing a method of treatment, the size of the ischemic focus, somatic condition and the level of neurological deficit in the patient are important.
Pakistan’s Balance-of-Payments Crisis and Some Policy Options
Authors: Mahmood Moazam , Chaudry Shamyla
Published: March 2021

Neoclassical price theory, and its extension to IMF country advice, argues that balance-of-payments crises such as Pakistan’s are better resolved by depreciating the exchange rate, making exports cheaper and imports dearer. We argue that a partial equilibrium analysis of just the tradeable goods market on the current account side ignores the capital market on the capital account side, where an increase in outflows allows no equilibrium value for the exchange rate, through a phenomenon dubbed ‘depreciationary expectations’, akin to inflationary expectations. Thisphenomenon will not allow the exchange rate to settle at an equilibrium level, leading to a vicious downward cycle. In such a case,capital controls may well be needed to counter the downward cycle, allowing a return to growth.
Trade Agreements and Export Creation: An Empirical Analysis of Pakistan’s Exports at Industry Level
Authors: Ahmed Qureshi Tehseen , Shah Anwar
Published: March 2021

This paper examinespatternsof export creation and diversion by analyzing Pakistan’s trade agreements at the two-digit industry level for all 88 export-oriented industries. We compare the net change in exports with nine free trade agreement (FTA) partners and the top15 partners with most-favored nation (MFN)status. We find that 45 industries account for USD4.1 billion inexport creation across all Pakistan’s FTA partners.Here, net exports increase after FTAs with both FTA and MFN partners. Conversely, export diversion worth USD137million occurs in 10 industries with all FTA partners as net exports to FTA partners rise while net exports to MFN partners fall. In the same manner, we find that net exports in 33 industries declined by USD500 million with FTA and MFN partners. The totalnet exports addition after FTAs was USD3.5 billion or,on average,USD350 million annually,accounting for about 1.4 percent of Pakistan’s total annual goods exports. On average, Pakistan has successfullycreatedexports in half itsexport-oriented industries, althoughhighly subsidized industries exhibit either export diversion or a net decline with both MFN and FTA partners. A difference-in-differenceanalysis shows that exports to China and Mauritius rose significantly while the remainingseven FTA partners did not have a significant increase in exports after the FTAs were implemented. In view of these findings, wesuggest revisiting the policy of export subsidies.
El genograma y el juego en la intervención psicosocial en temas de crianza
Authors: Herrera Rivera Ovídio , Bedoya Cardona Ledy Maryory
Published: March 2021

El objetivo del estudio se centró en identificar las estrategias y técnicas privilegiadas por profesionales del campo psicosocial: psicología, trabajo social, desarrollo familiar y terapia familiar, que acompañan en la práctica privada y/o institucional a familias con niños entre 1 y 14 años de edad, que consultan por temas de crianza, en la ciudad de Medellín. En la investigación participaron 16 profesionales. El método utilizado fue el cualitativo, mediado por la metodología de análisis de contenido (AC), al permitir analizar e interpretar experiencias de los profesionales en el tema. Acorde a los resultados, se encontró que algunas técnicas implementadas en el contexto profesional, como el genograma y el juego, por su uso y características en el tema de crianza, vinculan una perspectiva teórica y metodológica de base; además de facilitar la inclusión de los diferentes integrantes de la familia, reconociendo también el aporte invaluable de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, a veces no involucrados de manera activa en las sesiones. De esta manera, el artículo provee un marco discursivo y crítico, mediado por una apuesta comprensiva y ética frente a la implementación de estas técnicas, aspecto que se traduce en bienestar para las familias intervenidas y recursividad para los profesionales.
Variables predictoras del desempeño escolar en exámenes estandarizados de inglés: Evidencias desde el examen de Estado en Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez Duque Diana Milena , Mayora Pernía Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2021

En Colombia se ha incluido un dominio masivo del inglés entre las metas estratégicas, dando pie al programa Colombia Bilingüe y la inclusión de una prueba estandarizada de inglés en el examen de Estado. Este estudio buscó determinar el efecto de diferentes variables institucionales sobre los resultados de esta prueba, a través del método cuantitativo de diseño ex post facto. Se analizaron los resultados en el examen de inglés de 87 instituciones educativas de una de las ciudades más importantes del país. Las variables independientes incluyeron la participación en programas de fortalecimiento del bilingüismo, características institucionales y el desempeño en lectura crítica, mientras el resultado en el componente de inglés fue la variable dependiente. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron el ANOVA de una vía y la regresión lineal multivariada. Los resultados muestran que no hay diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el desempeño entre las escuelas beneficiadas por el plan Colombia Bilingüe y aquellas no beneficiadas. Solo la jornada de estudios arrojó resultados significativos. El modelo de regresión demostró que el desempeño en lectura crítica es el mejor predictor de la variable dependiente, lo que sugiere una relación entre las habilidades en la lengua materna y la lengua extranjera.
Diseño y validación de un cuestionario sobre literacidad en educación superior
Authors: González Palacio Enoc Valentín , Castellano Ascencio Milton Daniel , Sepúlveda Tamayo Nicolás Antonio
Published: March 2021

El propósito del estudio fue presentar el procedimiento seguido en el diseño de un cuestionario que permite el análisis de las competencias en literacidad de los docentes universitarios de dos universidades de Medellín. Metodológicamente, se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo no experimental descriptivo, en la medida que no hubo manipulación de variables independientes. De igual forma, el cuestionario definitivo se estructuró teóricamente a partir de cuatro dimensiones: Función de la lectura y la escritura, Estado de los procesos de literacidad, Prácticas alrededor de la literacidad y Escritura académica, las cuales fueron sometidas a un juicio de expertos, junto con los ítems que la componen. En relación con los resultados, se obtuvo que en el índice de validez de contenido de toda la prueba (CVI) el valor fue de 0,96; con respecto a la fiabilidad del cuestionario total en el modelo de Alfa de Cronbach registró un valor de 0,94, lo que mostró una consistencia interna muy alta. En conclusión, se obtuvo un instrumento válido y confiable que determina el nivel de literacidad de docentes en la educación superior, el cual puede ser replicable y usado en diagnósticos institucionales y estudios posteriores.
Desplazamiento de la juguetería tradicional como forma de entretenimiento y aprendizaje en menores de 12 años
Authors: Palacios Moya Lucía , Patiño Escobar Maria Ximena , Manco Gómez Luis Alveiro
Published: March 2021

Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) traen beneficios para los jóvenes, aunque también generan nuevos desafíos y problemáticas a enfrentar, debido al uso desmedido de la población y específicamente en los menores. Este tipo de tecnología cada vez es la preferida por ellos, por lo cual la juguetería tradicional ha sido desplazada. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores que influyen en el desplazamiento de la juguetería tradicional, como forma de entretenimiento y aprendizaje, por parte de las TIC, en menores de 12 años. Para ello, se diseñó una investigación cuantitativa de alcance descriptivo, se aplicó un muestreo a conveniencia, y se encuestó a un total de 138 adultos (padres o responsables de los menores); encuestas que fueron analizadas en un procesador de hoja de cálculo. Se encontró que los menores prefieren los dispositivos tecnológicos por encima de los juguetes tradicionales, pero los padres/cuidadores prefieren estos últimos para que ellos se entretengan y aprendan, y que esa preferencia desmedida por los dispositivos tecnológicos también puede estar influenciada por adaptar actitudes de los adultos del hogar.
The Influence of Regulation and Financial Performance on The Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Reputation Moderated by Ownership Structure
Authors: Wilestari Median , Syakhroza Akhmad , Djakman Chaerul D. , Diyanty Vera
Published: March 2021

Objective - A study by Ernst and Young (2010) found that 84% of public companies believed that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) was an activity that had a positive impact on companies. However, only 11% of those companies disclosed their CSR in their annual reports. This article presents the findings of a study examining the effect of CSR regulation and corporate financial performance, as measured by corporate liquidity, profitability, leverage and firm value, on the disclosure level of the CSR of public companies in Indonesia, and its impact on corporate reputation.
Methodology/Technique - Hypothesis tests with multiple regression were used with nonfinancial corporate categories listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2010 to 2018. Purposive sampling was used, with results from 217 sampled companies and 1953 datasets used in the model.
Findings - The study reveals that there is a significant difference in the CSR disclosure of all corporate categories after the regulation of CSR was enacted as a mandatory in 2012. Financial performance measured through Cash Flow from Operations (CFO) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) had a positive significant influence on CSR disclosure. However, Return on Assets (ROA) and firm value have no influence. Family ownership as a moderating variable had a negative influence and weakened the association between CFO and CSR disclosure, whereas foreign ownership as a moderating variable had a negative influence and weakened the association between ROA and CSR disclosure. CSR disclosure had a positive influence on corporate reputation from the stakeholders’ perception in terms of awards received by the company and the individual stock price index as an alternative measurement for reputation.
Novelty - The impact of CSR disclosure on corporate reputation was analysed based on the alternative measurement of reputation. Ownership structure consisting of family ownership and foreign ownership were taken as the moderating variables in the correlation between financial performance and the disclosure of CSR.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: M14, M41.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Regulation; Financial Performance; Moderation; Ownership Structure Corporate Reputation.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Wilestari, M.; Syakhroza, A; Djakman, C.D; Diyanty, V. (2021). The Influence of Regulation and Financial Performance on The Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Reputation Moderated by Ownership Structure, Accounting and Finance Review, 5(4): 13 – 22. https://doi.org/10.35609/afr.2021.5.4(2)
Corporate Governance and Earnings Management: Empirical Evidence of the Distress and Non-Distress Companies
Authors: Theresia Theresia , Indrastuti Dewi Kurnia , Alexander Nico
Published: March 2021

Objective - The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical research on the effect of corporate governance on earnings management in distressed and non-distressed companies. Corporate governance in this research is measured by independent board, audit committee, board of commissioners, institutional ownership and number of board commissioner meetings. The research predicts that corporate governance has a negative effect on earnings management either both in distressed and non-distressed companies.
Methodology/Technique - This research uses 309 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange and the data was obtained using purposive sampling method during 2016 until 2018. Of the 309 respondents in the sample, 287 are distressed companies and 22 are non-distressed companies. The data was analyzed using a multiple regression method.
Findings - The empirical results show that commissioner board and institutional ownership have a negative effect on earnings management in non-distressed companies but in distressed companies, corporate governance does not have an effect on earnings management. This research shows that distressed companies, corporate governance cannot minimize earnings management practices because to maintain the company as a going concern, management will do earnings management to ensure stakeholders’ trust to encourage further investment in the company. In non-distressed companies, corporate governance can minimize earnings management practices because the company is in a good financial condition, so they don’t need to do earnings management. Additionally, in order to ensure stakeholders’ trust, the company will strengthen its’ corporate governance mechanisms.
Type of Paper: Empirical.
JEL Classification: M41, M43, G34, J33, K22.
Keywords: Financial Distress; Earnings Management; Non-Financial Distress; Indonesia Stock Exchange.

Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Theresia; Indrastuti, D. K; Alexander, N. (2021). Corporate Governance and Earnings Management: Empirical Evidence of the Distress and Non-Distress Companies, Accounting and Finance Review, 5(4): 23 – 30. https://doi.org/10.35609/afr.2021.5.4(3)
Provision of Safe Drinking Water to the Local Population within the Clean Water Project Implemented in the Penza Region
Authors: Vasilyev VV , Ryabinina TV , Perekusihin MV , Vasilev EV
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Drinking water from centralized drinking water supply systems is not always safe due to its natural pollution with various chemicals and microbiological contamination occurring in the distribution system. In this regard, the role of the service exercising governmental water quality surveillance is growing. The purpose of the study was to assess the quality of drinking water and the associated health risk and to substantiate priority measures aimed at improving the quality of water in the centralized water supply systems of the region. Materials and methods: We examined the results of drinking water quality testing performed within the implementation of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance and socio-hygienic monitoring and incidence rates in morbidity of population in 27 districts of the Penza Region and the regional center for the years 2014–2019. Health risks from oral exposures to waterborne chemicals were assessed in accordance with Guidelines R 2.1.10.1920–04. The statistical relationship was studied by the correlation method. Results: We established that water quality in the centralized water supply systems fed by underground sources is determined by the chemical composition of the exploited aquifers that divide the territory of the Penza Region into four zones. The worst water quality was observed in the fourth zone where concentrations of natural iron, fluorides and boron in tap water were many times higher than their maximum permissible levels and the hazard quotient for fluorides exceeded the limit value (HQ = 2.845 for children and 1.219 for adults). In the third zone, iron posed the highest risks of diseases of mucosa and skin (HI = 0.296), the immune system (HI = 0.311), and hematopoietic system (H = 0.473) in children; we also established a strong correlation between the average annual concentration of iron in tap water and the incidence of genitourinary disorders, gastritis and duodenitis in the child population. Although the share of the population supplied with safe drinking water from centralized water supply systems increased from 86.5 % in 2014 to 89.4 % in 2019, the target set within the Regional Clean Water Project for 2019 was not achieved. Conclusion: The study results were taken into account when making additions to the Regional Clean Water Project in 2020 envisaging construction of iron removal plants and water well drilling in areas with low fluorine levels.
The Study of Humoral Immunity in Healthсare Workers Exposed to COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Sizova EP , Patyashina MA , Stavropolskaya LV , Badamshina GG , Fatkhutdinova LM
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Today, the novel coronavirus disease (hereinafter referred to as COVID-19) is spreading very quickly, and the healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 patients represent the most vulnerable occupational cohort at risk of this contagious disease. Issues of immunological protection and health monitoring in medical personnel are of special interest and importance during the pandemic. The objective of our study was to assess humoral immunity in healthcare professionals by the presence of class G (IgG) antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: We selected 345 healthcare workers of different specialties who might have been exposed to COVID-19 patients in hospitals and 72 age- and sex-matched controls (engineers, IT-personnel, and accountants) working elsewhere. Blood immunoglobulins G to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 were tested by enzyme immunoassay using the commercial test kit produced by the Scientific Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Russian Federation. The presence of IgG antibodies was established by the SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody response index (index of positivity) calculated as the ratio of the optical density of the sample to the cut-off level of the assay. Results: The average IgG antibody response index value was significantly higher in the healthcare workers compared to the controls (p < 0.05). IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were more prevalent in nurses than in physicians (42.2 ± 3.6 % vs 31.0 ± 3.7 %, p < 0.05) and controls (42.2 ± 3.6 % vs 27.8 ± 5.3 %, p < 0.05) and their index values were higher than in the comparison group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate a high prevalence of diagnostically important SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody response and higher index values in nurses possibly related to prolonged contacts with COVID-19 patients. IgG antibodies found in 37.1 ± 2.6 % of the healthcare workers may be a consequence of both symptomatic and asymptomatic diseases and requires further study. According to the generally accepted opinion about the mechanisms of immune response to viral infections, we could assume the presence of protective immunity against COVID-19, but this issue requires further investigation. In the current epidemic situation, however, detection of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can be used for implementation of preventive strategies among healthcare workers.
Interdepartmental Drills on Sanitary Protection of the Territory at Border Patrol Checkpoints
Authors: Shiyanova AE , Chumachkova EA , Dmitrieva LN
Published: March 2021

Introduction: When ensuring preparedness of constituent entities of the Russian Federation to take anti-epidemic measures in order to respond to imported infections, including the novel coronavirus disease, appropriate training of healthcare workers, specialists of bodies and institutions of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) and non-medical specialists was important. The objective of our work was to improve methodological support of inter-agency collaboration in implementing activities on sanitary protection of the territories at border patrol checkpoints. Materials and methods: We analyzed reports on interdepartmental drills at Russian border patrol highway checkpoints, including those conducted within the preparation for 2018 FIFA World Cup, and regulations on the aspects of interdepartmental drills at international border crossing points. Results: We assessed completeness of implementation, organizational structure, content, and methodological aspects of interdepartmental cooperation in the course of drills at highway checkpoints and proposed a unified approach to conducting training with account for realities of checkpoint functioning and requirements for ensuring biological safety. The article provides recommendations for conducting drills on anti-epidemic measures to be taken when identifying a suspected case of a highly hazardous communicable disease at border patrol checkpoints.
Numerical Analysis of the Geotechnical Problems of Seepage Effects underneath Chafta Weir, North East of Amara City
Authors: Alsiede Riaed S. Jassim
Published: March 2021

Seepage is a very important issue in the design and construction stages of hydraulic structures and represents one of the most common problems in dams. This study aims to estimate seepage and piping erosion in the foundation soil, especially downstream (toe), of Chafta weir, north east of Amara city, Southern Iraq. Chafta weir is part of the water harvesting project in the area. This project will play an important economic and environmental role in the future development of the eastern Maysan area and is also significant as it is the first water harvesting project in the province. A simulation model was created by SEEP/W software to calculate the amount of seepage, the distribution of pore-water pressure under the weir foundation, seepage velocity and hydraulic gradient. Then, the actual safety factor of the weir was calculated. Seepage depends mainly on the head differences between upstream and downstream weir sides. Seepage causes piping erosion and increasing the uplift pressure below weir body, so factor of safety must include all these factors. The safety factor showed that the suggested weir body is relatively stable.
Urban Environmental Management Towards Achieving Integrated Water Management in the City
Authors: Hamdan Maarb Yousif , A-Alrikabi Nada Khaleefah M.
Published: March 2021

In the world’s most developed countries, urban planners are increasingly emphasizing the need to adopt environmental concepts that integrate water management; this guarantees human and environmental rights, and also the sustainable use of natural resources. We based our research on previous studies related to urban environmental management; these studies emphasize the weak cognitive integration in many aspects of the research. Our research aims to show how urban environmental planning impacts sustainable water management, with further implications for community viability. When dealing with the impact of climate change, it is necessary for urban water management departments to engage community participation. Our hope is that this research prompts decision makers to educate their communities, particularly those individuals who are interested in water management, thereby closing the gap between the views held by water specialists and the urban residents. We used field surveys and data collection for our analysis, and we created a questionnaire for distribution across different community samples. We were able to test for compatibility between respondents’ opinions, and how strongly these opinions impacted urban environmental management trends in the study area. We also measured the interconnection between respondents' opinions and water management.
Prediction of the Suspended Transport Rate of River Reach
Authors: Khayyun Thair Sharif
Published: March 2021

A new suspended transport rate equation using field measurements that apply to the Euphrates River’s reach in the upstream direction from the Ramadi barrage in Iraq was developed via multiple linear regression. The governing parameters were carefully chosen based on dimensional analysis and grouped into four parameters: shields, transport, mobility, and particles. The ability of the suspended transport rate equations of Karim-Kennedy and van Rijn were tested. A total of 25 series of field data for which the concentration of suspended load, average flow depth, sediment particle size, flow velocity, and the width of the water surface were applied. A comparison of the suspended transfer rates in the river reach and the calculated transport rates in the modified equation showed good coincidence. The evaluation results showed that the new equation performed better than the three equations used. The performance of the new equation was determined utilizing three statistical criteria (the coefficient of determination, discrepancy ratio and relative error). The computed suspended transport rates were found within a discrepancy ratio of 1.02 for the measured values and a relative error of 13.4%. The performance of the Van Rijn formula performed better, with a discrepancy ratio of 1.26 for the measured values and a relative error 39%, than the other two equations. The percentage of data that ranged between 0.5–2.0 of the discrepancy ratio varied between 72–100% for the three equations and the new equation.
A Simulation Model to Improve Productivity in the Pipe Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Almamlook Rabia , Ali Harith M. , Alden Arz Qwa , Afhaima Anad , Bodowara Faieza Saad , Knew Sahapol Hoon
Published: March 2021

Improving productivity in the pipe manufacturing industry is a major challenge that manufacturing companies in contemporary competitive markets face. The purpose of this study was to improve productivity in the pipe manufacturing industry by applying manufacturing principles that employ simulation modeling. An approach to improve productivity which focuses on the process of workstations and workforces was proposed . The proposed approach’s target was to boost the productivity of providing clients’ prerequisites and leaving a few products in the store for other clients. A simulation model based on the data collected from the steel pipe company, Bansal Ispat Tubes Private Limited’s in India, was used to improve its operational performance. The research methodology included a pro-simulation model, suitable distribution and investigating data. The simulation model was created by simulating each work station and assessing all relevant processes depending on the collected data. The real job-shop data was collected from the machinery production line and supervision workers with observations made during the manufacturing process. The techniques used include videotaping of the operation, interviewing liber by a video camera. The best continuous distributions were choose to achieve a suitable statistical model. The outcomes maybe contribute to improving the productivity of the manufacturing industry. Moreover, the results might help solve scheduling problems in modeling and simulating pipe manufacturing, revealing effective strategies to increase productivity in pipe manufacturing. Thus, the findings could encourage healthy competition between businesses and industries.
Is Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Good for Accrual Profit and Real Manipulative Profit Managements?
Authors: Suwarno Suwarno , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Djuminah Djuminah , Muthmainah Muthmainah , Kuncara Widagdo Ari
Published: March 2021

This study examines the effects of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure on the profit management of Indonesian mining companies which has rarely been done by previous scholars. This research was conducted on the mining sector in Indonesia. The research period covered was from 2009 until 2017 with 414 sample observations used. The hypothesis was analyzed by using the STATA program. The findings showed that Corporate Social Responsibility has a good relationship with accrual and real manipulative profit managements.
Study and Characterization of New Topologies of Dielectric Resonator Antennas: Application to New Wireless Communications Systems
Authors: Hamid Hamood Shehab , Abbas Abdul Kareem Dawah
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, we are witnessing a considerable change in the field of telecommunications, be it mobile telephony, wired or wireless networks. Advances in the fields of information technology, communication, microelectronics and telecommunications have led to a massive deployment of new networks which today connect a mass of individuals and computing entities. These networks are the backbone of all services influencing both the personal and professional spheres, with almost instant access to information, social networks and the IT world. In this regard, the antennas deployed in new telecommunications systems must be able to adapt to such an environment in perpetual evolution. Indeed, with the emergence of new telecommunications standards such as the Internet of Things (IoT), new telecommunications systems must meet new requirements, including the ability to include a large number of features to meet to the growing needs of users, such as making several standards coexist on the same compact structure, reducing interference with neighboring devices, improving the transmission rate, avoiding phenomena of antenna performance degradation in the presence of external disturbance and ensuring good efficiency in receiving data. Agile antennas in radiation patterns also present themselves as potential candidates to meet the requirements imposed.
Temperature Distribution and Evaporation Rate in Porous Media
Authors: Ismail Nova Risdianto , Soeparman Sudjito , Widhiyanuriyawan Denny , Wijayanti Widya
Published: March 2021

Various studies have been done to improve solar still performance, especially in water streams. Various methods create thin water flow on the absorbent plate, including using porous media. The research aims to identify temperature distribution and evaporation rate in porous media. The use of porous media as an absorber plate material in solar still applications is investigated in this study. Five types of porous media have been researched, such as concrete consisting of river sand and iron with a particle size of 0.125 and 0.250 mm, and natural stone. A comparison of 5 specimen types is held by conducting evaporation tests. The pore media specimen 5x1x10 cm is heated by an electric heater with a power of 36, 4 W. The bottom side of the specimen is exposed to a constant high salt water reservoir. Data is collected periodically for 2 hours. Research produces specimens at smaller particle sizes with thermal conductivity and greater heat transfer rates. Iron sand concrete as aggregate has better temperature distribution than the specimen of river sand. The largest high-dampened front reduction is obtained on specimen C with a value of 0.051 m. The largest evaporation rate is owned by specimen C with the amount of 2.38 ml in 7200 s. Concrete with an aggregate of iron sand (0.125 mm particle size) is recommended as a solar still absorbent plate material; however, natural stone materials also have a high potential to be used as a solar still absorbent plate material.
Using Light Reflectance to Assess Phenology Stresses Impacted by Urban Heat Island in Karbala
Authors: Alaskary Abdulhussien , Hasson Ahmed
Published: March 2021

The influence of Urban Heat Island on urban phenology assessment beside the impact of climate change on seriously deteriorated Mimosa (Albizia julibrissin) leaves. This research focuses on the light reflectance from Mimosa leaves to assess the water stress, nitrogen deficiency and serious damage. Healthy leaves absorb blue and red light and reflect green light. Light absorption beyond WB 5 (1150– 1300 nm) is high due to leaf water content. The spectrum regions wherein relatively little absorption will occur can be seen in the range from 500 to 600 nm (WB1 and WB2) and the region from 700 to 1200 nm (WB4 and WB5). When waves are longer than 1200 nm, water vapor absorption rises very steeply, while absorption of the red and blue regions of the visible spectrum is very strong. When Leaf Area Index increases the reflectance in chlorophyll, absorption decreases. There is a sharp increase in WB3 to WB5 and in WB4 to WB6 reflection of Leaf Area Index 0.52-1.0 and 1.0-1.5 respectively and a decrease in reflectance beyond WB6. With a natural background of trees, light reflectivity was compared under wet and dry soil conditions. Red and near infrared affected the reflectivity due to its critical to the land cover.
Development Communication Programs and Communications Security Capability by Improving the Cellular Networks Radio Layer
Authors: Ibrahim Sura Khalil , Jebur Zainab Taha
Published: March 2021

The GSM is celebrating its 20th anniversary this year. The number of GSM users is estimated at 80% of the world's population, or a total of five billion in over 200 countries. The advent of mobile terminals and the proliferation of their uses (including in sectors where they are used for communicating between machines) ensure compliance with robust security requirements. The topic of mobile security is vast as it includes radio access, network infrastructure, terminals, as well as the applications running on it. This article focuses on the first two themes. Since 2002, different independent projects have elicited interest in the security principles that were implemented in second and third generation mobile telephony networks. This presentation provides an overview of the objectives and concomitant impacts of these projects on the overall security of mobile networks. In addition to mentioning principles of security, the paper also identifies the challenges associated with geolocation.
Measuring the Reverse Logistics Performance of Construction Machinery Remanufacturing Company
Authors: Yuliawati E. , Pratikto  , Sugiono  , Novareza O.
Published: March 2021

This study develops a method to measure the performance level of reverse logistics implementation operated by companies engaged in the construction machinery remanufacturing industry. A framework of reverse logistics performance measurement that focuses on the processes and resources is developed using the Capability Maturity Model approach. The framework was designed in three dimensions: front-end, engine, and back-end, with five levels of model maturity, i.e., initial, aware, defined, managed, and optimizing. The assessment was carried out through 25 indicators and model validation was done by implementing the proposed framework on three construction machinery remanufacturing companies in Indonesia. The results show that the three companies were at different maturity levels. Further analysis explains that the front-end dimension has the lowest score of a successful reverse logistics implementation. Therefore, companies that engage in a similar field should focus more on the front-end dimension to improve their overall reverse logistics performance.
The Effect of Inlet Water Mass Flow on a Double Glass Solar Still
Authors: Sambada F.A.R. , Soeparman Sudjito , Wijayanti Widya , Siswanto Eko
Published: March 2021

This article describes a new method for increasing the inlet water temperature of an inclined solar still by utilizing double glass heat condensation by increasing the inlet water temperature, thereby enabling the productivity of an inclined solar still. In a conventional inclined solar still, heat condensation is the energy that is wasted into the environment. This research method uses a combination of simulation and experiments in the laboratory. The simulation was based on the energy balance of the main components of a developed and conventional inclined solar still. The authors found that the water inlet temperature on a developed inclined solar still was affected by the inlet water flow. Our method improves productivity compared to the conventional inclined solar still maximum of 35.2% on the mass flow of inlet water of 3 l/hr. The new method of evaluation was confirmed by simulation and experiments on the variation of inlet water mass flow of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 l/ hr. The current study provides new research results that improve the productivity of an inclined solar still that can be used for purifying water with ease and simplicity, especially when purifying water in remote areas.
Fuzzy Input Parameters Influence on the Oscillation of a 2D Frame Structure Subjected to Harmonic Dynamic Load
Authors: Le Cong Duy , Phan Dinh Thoai
Published: March 2021

In [1], we presented a new method for solving the fuzzy differential equations of oscillation with fuzzy input parameters. The new method is based on the domain mode analysis method combined with a differential evolution algorithm to determine the fuzzy output parameters and the fuzzy displacements at each floor of the frame. In this article, we continue to develop and expand the solution of the fuzzy vibration differential equations of the 2D frame under the excitation of harmonic dynamic load. The solution based on the domain mode analysis method is combined with a hybrid crossover differential evolution algorithm. This algorithm is more advanced than previous traditional differential evolutionary optimizations because it converts quickly and prevents the search process from falling into a local solution. An example for illustrating the algorithm is to analyse the oscillation of the 2-span and 9-storey 2D frame structure subjected to harmonic dynamic load with fuzzy input parameters. The calculation results in the MATLAB software show the results of the fuzzy displacements and fuzzy internal force of the frame. Next, they show the relationship between the oscillation frequency and the displacement and moment of the frame structure. This is important and should be considered in the design as well as in the reliability assessment of the structures.
A Model of Antecedents Strengthening Organizational Commitment
Authors: Thanh Ly Dan , Thong Bui Quang , Van Chon Le , Nguyen Nhu-Ty
Published: March 2021

Primarily due to the importance of organizational commitment for both employees and employers, over the last few decades, the model of antecedents has continued to attract researchers. Hence, in this paper, the authors aim to build a model of antecedents to strengthen organizational commitment. In this study, the authors reviewed six main concepts and then applied the quantitative methods to research. The findings show that the three most prominent factors positively affecting organizational commitment are intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and organizational identification. This model will facilitate leaders to make plans of action to design suitable and efficient policies for motivating employees to increase their job performance and be more committed to their organization.
Image De-Blurring Using the Least Square Filter Technique in A Neural Network
Authors: Khorsheed Abbas Akram , Radhi Muna Abdul Hussain
Published: March 2021

Image restoration is one of the digital image processing techniques used to repaint or restore image information. One common problem encountered during restoration is image blurring. To solve this problem, a new de-blurring technique was proposed to reduce or remove image blurring. The proposed filter was designed using the least square interpolation calculation controlled by the neural network to select the blurred pixels. The wavelet decomposition technique was used to improve the performance of the proposed filter, which showed good results for fully and partially blurred regions in images.
The Influence of Glass Cover Shape on Clean Water Productivity on Seawater Distillation Equipment
Authors: Monintja Nita C.V.
Published: March 2021

Current conditions of a lack of clean water, abundant seawater, and the ready availability of solar radiation energy contribute to the need to develop solar-powered seawater distillation technology. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the glass cover shape on the solar still distillation equipment productivity of clean water, and was carried out in May 2019 at the Faculty of Engineering, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado. The study used 100 cm long and 50 cm wide, a 3 mm thick glass cover angled at 17 degrees from the top of the basin. Observations were made with two treatments, including a one-sided glass cover and a two-sided glass cover. Temperature data were taken from the glass cover, water in the basin, solar radiation, and the clean water temperature every 10 minutes from 0805 to 1705 hrs. The results of the study show that more water is produced with a one-sided glass cover than with the two-sided cover. The average amount of clean water produced in a day was 2,393.3 ml with the one-sided cover and 2,265 ml with the two-sided glass cover. The one-sided glass cover had an efficiency of 68.27% and the two-sided glass cover had an efficiency of 62.50%.