bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empowering students’ personal recount writing and motivation to write through self-regulated strategy development model
Authors: Miatin Uli Fauziyah , Wiedarti Pangesti
Published: November 2020

This article reports a study of results of Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) model on the teaching of English writing, particularly on students’ personal recount writing and their motivation to write. The study was aimed at investigating whether: 1) SRSD was effective toward students’ personal recount writing and 2) SRSD was effective toward students’ writing motivation. A quasi-experimental research in the form of pre-test posttest control group design was applied in the study. To date, second year students in a junior high school in Kebumen, Central Java, Indonesia were used as the participants of the study. There were 60 students participated in the study whereby 30 of them were assigned into the experimental group received the SRSD model; and another 30 students were administered into the control group with the conventional teaching model. Results on MANCOVA show that students’ writing performance in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group with p=0.017 while students’ writing motivation in the experimental group was insignificantly higher compared with the control group with p=0.104. This indicates that although SRSD was effective toward students’ personal recount writing, its effectiveness couldn’t be followed by students’ writing motivation.
Indonesian students’ social-emotional competencies and their english academic achievement
Authors: Wirajaya Ganda , Suganda Lingga Agustina , Zuraida Zuraida
Published: November 2020

In Indonesian secondary schools, young learners might have some difficulties such as lack of motivation, lack of confidence and disengagement in learning English, which contribute to the level of their social-emotional competencies (SEC). This study was conducted to investigate the relations between 103 seventh graders’ SEC and their English academic achievement. This study provided not only the correlation but also the results of the students’ SEC, their English academic achievement, and the contribution of the students’ SEC to their English academic achievement. The collected data from the SEC questionnaire and documentation were analyzed by using Pearson Correlation. The results highlighted that there was a significant weak correlation (r-obtained=0.367) between the students’ SEC and their English academic achievement. Moreover, there was 12.6% contribution of the students’ SEC to their English academic achievement. Therefore, it is possible that social-emotional competencies may enhance students’ English academic performance.
PowerPoint-based quizzes in wave motion: Performance and experiences of students
Authors: Pacala Frank Angelo Abayog
Published: November 2020

The effect of PowerPoint Presentation–based (PPPb) quiz to the students’ scores has been rarely studied. It is the intention of this research to understand the effect of PPPb quiz to students score in wave motion and the students’ experiences under such a strategy. This research used a mixed approach: quasi-experimental to learn if scores gain was significant, and thematic analysis was used to know the experiences of the students. The results confirmed that PPPb quiz has indeed increased the scores of the students. Statistical analysis verified that this increase was significant. On the thematic analysis, students manifested comparing oral quiz to PPPb, caught their attention, and vivid communication. Therefore, the effect of PPPb was significant to the students because it positively impacted their scores in wave motion and promoted vivid communication among students.
Assessment of students performances in biology: Implication for measurements and evaluation of learning
Authors: Bichi Ado Abdu , Ibrahim Rahinatu Hassan , Ibrahim Fatima B
Published: November 2020

Scienceeducation is believed to be a vital tool for individual and societal development at large. The persistent low levels of students’ achievement in sciences at the various public examinations in Nigeria have continued to draw the attention of major stakeholders in education. This study examined academic achievement of Senior Secondary School students in biology and gender difference in students’ achievement was examined. Ex-post facto design of descriptive research was adopted for the study. A proforma was used to collect data from a sample of two hundred (200) students, selected using stratified random sampling procedure from the Science secondary schools in Kano state Nigeria. The data collected were the students’ performances in biology achievement tests. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and independent-sample t-test. Overall results showed that the test internal consistency reliability is low and unsatisfactory;  the students performed below average (M=47.02, SD=16.493 (47%). Similarly, gender difference exists in biology performance with another significant difference between performance of urban and rural school students. The study concludes that, biology test used in Kano state qualifying examinations to assess students potential ability in biology is not a reliable measurement tool and that, academic performance of students in biology is unsatisfactory and evidence of differential performance between gender and schools locations. The implication for measurements and evaluation of learning as well as recommendations has been discussed.
The promises of presentational technology for teaching and learning
Authors: Motamedi Vahid
Published: November 2020

The teaching and learning styles that teachers and students apply in their teaching and learning have dramatically changed due to technological advances particularly in computer. Technological advancements are affecting the way we teach and learn. Technology has found a profound home in the world of teaching and learning. Teaching/learning technologies (TLT) have received considerable attention of many including academicians in recent years. The promises of TLT vary for the respective publics. Many insist that students today do not learn well with traditional teaching and learning methods. They argue that students require presentations that are visual and stimulating. Classroom teachers hold the key to the effective use of technology to improve learning. Whatever the varying perceptions of the promises of teaching, leaning, technology, presentation instruction in the classroom, using the Web for teaching the bulk of their course, and many other faculty are considering adopting such technologies. This paper will examine some of the advantages and disadvantages of only one type of TLT, presentational technology in the classroom, and some of the issues for faculty to consider before adopting it.
Implementation of think-pair-share to mathematics instruction
Authors: Tanujaya Benidiktus , Mumu Jeinne
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this research was to study the procedure of think pair share, the type of cooperative learning models, which can be implemented in mathematics instruction in Manokwari, West Papua Indonesia. This study was conducted at Senior High School in Manokwari (SMA Negeri 1), Manokwari West Papua Indonesia. The research was carried out using research and development methods. The Think Pair Share learning model was modified to get the procedure of implementation in accordance with  the characteristics of students studying mathematics in Manokwari,  West Papua. The results of the research showed that there were two principals in the application of the think pair share model in mathematics instruction in Manokwari West Papua, selection of group members and the determination of the number of group members. Students individually start thinking of finding answers to the assignment submitted. Group members must consist of students who already know each other well, but should not to have a similar level of knowledge, while the number of group members must start from two students.
The development of inclusive education management model: Practical guidelines for learning in inclusive school
Authors: Robiyansah Iva Evry , Mudjito Mudjito , Murtadlo Murtadlo
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to explore the current conditions, problems, and needs in the implementation of inclusive education, to examine the best model of the implementation of inclusive education and to investigate the effectiveness of the inclusive education model. This research was mixed method researchs which was conducted in three stages. Stage one was exploring the current conditions, problems, and the needs on inclusive education implementation. Stage two was formulating an inclusive education learning model and stage three was determining the efficiency of the inclusive education model. Findings reveal that students and learning are the biggest obstacle in implementing inclusive education, while management, students, and learning are the most important factors to be considered in implementing inclusive education model. Based on the findings, the whole school inclusive education model was developed which consisted of three stages namely input, process, and output. It was suggested that during the implementation of this model collaboration should be emphasized.
Internal locus of control and entrepreneurial intention: A study on vocational high school students
Authors: Tentama Fatwa , Abdussalam Fakhri
Published: November 2020

Internal locus of control is one of the factors related to vocational high school students’ entrepreneurial intention. This study aimed to empirically test the relationship between internal locus of control and entrepreneurial intention on vocational high school students. The population in this study was all students of class XII at Vocational High School 5 Yogyakarta as many as 392 students and research participants in total was 171 students. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. Data collection was conducted by using the scale of entrepreneurial intention and internal locus of control scale. Data analysis was done using product moment analysis technique. The results of data analysis showed a significant positive relationship between internal locus of control with entrepreneurial intention, with a significance level (p) of 0.030. Internal locus of control contributed 2.1 percent to entrepreneurial intention so that the remaining 97.9 percent was influenced by other variables. It could be concluded from this study that students’ internal locus of control can predict student’s entrepreneurship intention.
Human resource management motivational strategies for enhancing business educators’ job performance in tertiary institutions in Edo and Delta states, Nigeria
Authors: Owenvbiugie Robinson Osarumwense , Ekhaise Roseline Efosa
Published: November 2020

The study assessed human resource management strategies for enhancing employees’ motivation in Edo State. Four research questions guided the study. The study size was 182 business educators in tertiary institutions in Edo and Delta States. The descriptive survey design was used for this study. The instrument used was validated by three experts. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation coefficient was used to compute reliability of the instrument which yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.71. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Means were used to answer all the research questions. From the results of the analysis, it was discovered that employers empowered their employees to very low extent; employers rewarded their employees to high extent; employers redesigned employees’ jobs to low extent, and employers created flexible jobs for their employees to low extent respectively. Consequently, it was recommended that workers should be sufficiently empowered to enhance higher performance and more productive. This will also go a long way to reduce attrition rate, the use of verbal praise, allowing workers’ personal development should be given priority attention by management to enhance higher productivity, management should redesign tasks/jobs from time to time so as to enhance motivation, job satisfaction, commitment to reduce absenteeism and turnover, among others.
Game based learning for safety and security education
Authors: Jin Ge , Nakayama Shoji , Tu Manghui
Published: November 2020

Safety and security education are important part of technology related education, because of recent number of increase in safety and security related incidents. Game based learning is an emerging and rapidly advancing forms of computer-assisted instruction. Game based learning for safety and security education enables students to learn concepts and skills without the risk of physical injury and security breach. In this paper, a pedestal grinder safety game and physical security game have been developed using industrial standard modeling and game development software. The average score of the knowledge test of grinder safety game was 82%, which is higher than traditional lecture only instruction method. In addition, the survey of physical security game shows 84% average satisfaction ratio from high school students who played the game during the summer camp. The results of these studies indicated that game based learning method can enhance students’ learning without potential harm to the students.
Language development and acquisition in early childhood
Authors: Al-Harbi Salwa Saeed
Published: November 2020

The paper discussed in detail the process of language development and the process of language acquisition in early childhood. It also gave a brief overview of the theoretical frame of reference of language development. The paper included an in depth explanation of the importance and impact of over-exposure for early second language acquisition and it answered the question of whether language learning could turn into a language acquisition after what Noam Chomsky referred to as the “critical period”. The paper concluded that even after the Chomskian critical period learners who got overexposed to the target language can acquire the language and it can be equivalent to their first language. The paper discussed two major kinds of motivations at play in the process of second language acquisition: (1) Curiosity: A desire to better understand a group of people and their way of life , and (2) Empathy: Upon repeated exposure, one might come to the conclusion that this group of people has a more sensible handle on things, and thus identifies with them.
The teaching of health education as a secondary school subject in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Hamilton-Ekeke Joy-Telu , Egumu Akpoebi Clement , Inengite Idisape
Published: November 2020

Health education (HED) as a subject in the secondary school curriculum has been made a compulsory subject in West African Examination Council (WAEC) and Senior Secondary School Certificate (SSCE) examinations for any candidate wanting to study any course in the medical and health-related disciplines in Nigerian tertiary institutions. This study seeks to find out the extent of the teaching of HED as a school subject in secondary schools in Bayelsa State; not as components of other subjects like health science, biology, and physical and health education. The proposed approach of the study was a State-wide survey of the teaching of HED as a school subject in secondary schools. This was done by involving 114 schools out of the 192 schools in the State. Findings revealed that out of the 114 schools visited, 38 schools only teach Physical and Health Education (PHE) as a subject in the Junior Secondary School level. During interviews with heads of schools that teaches PHE; it was gathered that the teachers who teach PHE also doubles as teachers of HED at the Senior Secondary (SSS) level. Implying that only 38 schools out of the 114 sampled schools teach (HED) as a school subject; this reveals an abysmal absence of the teaching of Health Education as a school subject in Senior Secondary Schools (SSS) in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The none-teaching of HED underscores its importance to healthful-living It is therefore recommended that health education as a subject be encouraged and taught in all SSS in the State.
Training programme impact in improving the working memory of students with learning disabilities in reading arabic
Authors: Aljundi Khalid Mohammad
Published: November 2020

The study aimed to investigate the effect of a training program on improving working memory for students with learning difficulties in reading Arabic. The study sample consisted of (10) students with learning disabilities from Basic Education students from the fifth and sixth grades, and those between the ages (10-11) years as a pilot group and (10) students from the same stage and of the same age as a control group. The researcher used a working memory battery, Raven Test, and a training program he prepared to achieve the study goal. The results showed that there are statistically significant differences in the fields of working memory scale between the members of the experimental and control groups in the dimensional measurement, and in favor of the experimental group to which the training program was applied, by applying the measure of working memory in its three fields. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the pre and post measurements of the areas of the working memory scale in favor of the post application, and for the benefit of the experimental group,This confirms the effectiveness of the training program used. Some recommendations were suggested.
Anxiety contribution on students’ text comprehension in various test types
Authors: Supeno Supeno , Suseno Imam
Published: November 2020

This study aims to understand how anxiety as a variable contributes to affect the ability in comprehending English texts evaluated on students’ performance on various test types, namely 1) multiple-choice tests (MC), 2) fill-in-the-blank tests (FTB), and 3) true/false tests (TF). This research used ex post facto method, with responses collected from eleventh grade high school students in Jakarta. Respondents worked on tests with similar material, although at different times. Students’ anxiety was measured based on behavioral and cognitive characteristics listed on the questionnaire given to respondents along with the English test. The results pointed out that there was indeed a difference ofstudents’ anxiety levels in working on the various English text comprehension tests given. The results of the English text comprehension tests were generally influenced by the anxiety variable, although the effect was found to be small. Teachers are recommended to apply multiple variations of ability evaluation in measuring the students’ English text comprehension by using multiple test modes.
Identifiying of problem solving abilities in Mathematics among Junior High School students
Authors: Syaiful Syaiful , Kamid Kamid , Muslim Muslim , Huda Nizlel
Published: November 2020

Purpose: This study aims to identify the problem solving abilities possessed by junior high school students. The type of research used is quantitative which uses a research design survey. The sample of this study is  98 students taken based on purposive sampling techniques. This study uses descriptive statistics to analyze the data generated. From the results of the analysis that has been done, it was found that there is a problem solving indicator by students in mathematics which is a indicated by the indicators of planning a solution which has a good category of a 56.1% (55 of 98) students, the indicator of problem solving has a good category of a 56.1% (55 out of 98) students, indicators of a problem solving planning had a good category of a 54.1% (53 of 98) students, and an indicator of understanding a problem had a good category of a 60.2% (59 of 98) students.
Workload and lecturers’ job satisfaction in Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Osifila Gboyega Israel , Titilayo Abimbola Aladetan
Published: November 2020

The study investigated the relationship between workload and lecturers’ job satisfaction in Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State. The descriptive research design of the survey type was employed. The sample of the study was 105 lecturers selected using multi-stage sampling technique across three faculties. Two research questions and three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A researcher-made questionnaire titled “Workload and Lecturers’ Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (WLJSQ)” was used to elicit information from the respondents. The instrument was validated by experts in Test and Measurement and the test re-test method was used for test reliability which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.72. The findings of this study revealed: lecturers found conducting research, processing of results, marking of examination scripts and supervision of undergraduate projects most demanding and that lecturers’ job satisfaction was low in relations with the workload. Also, there is a significant relationship between marking of examination scripts and lecturers’ job satisfaction, supervision of research work and lecturers’ job satisfaction and there is a significant relationship between number of courses allocated and lecturers’ job satisfaction. It is hereby recommended that more lecturers should be recruited particularly in faculties with high student population in order to reduce excessive workload, while the number of students to be allocated to lecturers for project supervision should be reduced and the services of assistant lecturers should be employed to assist in the area of marking of scripts and supervision of undergraduate projects.
The effect of outdoor learning model on improving cognitive ability in entrepreneurial learning at the field of electricity
Authors: Nahulae Eva Monika , Zamtinah Zamtinah
Published: November 2020

Outdoor learning model of learning is one alternative to reduce the level of saturation in learning, especially learning the practice in vocational high schools. Outdoor learning models can connect students to deal directly with the world of entrepreneurship so that teachers can teach entrepreneurial values easily. Outdoor learning can link the theories in the book and the reality in the field. The experience gained from the learning process outdoor learning has a lot of influence on student learning outcomes because it can hear, observe and feel direct events that occur in the real world. This study aims to determine the quality of entrepreneurial learning outcomes and their effectiveness by using an outdoor learning model for electricity power expertise students in vocational high school. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental approach with methods of pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this research was the eleventh-grade students majoring in electrical power installation engineering at SMK Negeri 2 Medan. The sample used in this study were 76 students chosen at randomly. The instrument used in this study was a multiple-choice test. The instrument that was used in this research, previously validated by experts of theory and material. The analysis was performed with the t-test and Gain N-score. This research shows that students who learn to use outdoor learning model was better than students who learn to use conventional model.
Family environment on emotional, social, and academic adaptation of adolescents: A study of middle school students
Authors: Motamedi Vahid
Published: November 2020

Maintaining a positive relationship among family members creates a harmonious learning environment. When children are nurtured in such surroundings, they are likely to increase their emotional, social, and academic accomplishments and learn more effectively. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the familial role in emotional, social and academic adaptation of middle school students. The sample consisted of 9,728 middle school students from different parts of a Middle East country. The size of the sample was determined using multistage random sampling. Data were obtained using an emotional, social and academic survey and a family structure questionnaire. The study showed that most students have average or better behavior adaptation. Moreover, healthy family structures, favorable economic situation, and high-end paternal professions facilitate behavior adaptation. On the other hand, maternal employment has no effect upon behavior adaptation.
Association of Diabetes Mellitus With Health Status Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From the PORTRAIT Registry
Authors: Patel Krishna K. , Alturkmani Hani , Gosch Kensey , Mena‐Hurtado Carlos , Shishehbor Mehdi H. , Peri‐Okonny Poghni A. , Creager Mark A. , Spertus John A. , Smolderen Kim G.
Published: November 2020

Background

Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and coexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) have greater PAD progression and adverse limb events. Our aim was to study whether PAD‐specific health status differs by DM.

Methods and Results

The PORTRAIT (Patient‐Centered Outcomes Related to Treatment Practices in Peripheral Arterial Disease: Investigating Trajectories) trial is a 16‐center international registry that includes patients with recent exacerbations or new‐onset symptomatic PAD presenting to specialty clinics. We assessed PAD‐specific health status initially and at 3, 6, and 12 months (Peripheral Artery Questionnaire [PAQ]). We used hierarchical, multivariable, linear regression, and repeated measures analyses to study the association between DM and baseline health status initially and over 3 to 12 months. Models were adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic factors, PAD severity, comorbidities, and psychosocial characteristics. The interaction of DM with PAD revascularization on 3‐ to 12‐month health status was also tested. Of 1204 patients, 398 (33%) had DM (94% type 2). Patients with versus those without DM had lower unadjusted PAQ summary scores at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months (46.1 versus 50.8, 63.6 versus 68.2, 65.7 versus 71.7, and 65.4 versus 72.6;
P
≤0.01). In fully adjusted models, the effect of DM on baseline (mean difference, −0.65; 95% CI, −2.86 to 1.56 [
P
=0.56]) and over 3‐ to 12‐month PAQ summary scores (mean difference, −1.59; 95% CI, −4.06 to 0.88 [
P
=0.21]) was no longer significant. Twelve‐month health status gains following revascularization were similar in both groups (
P
=0.69).

Conclusions

Patients with PAD with coexisting DM have poorer health status, mostly explained by the differences in their psychosocial and other comorbidity burden. Patients with PAD and DM versus those without DM experience similar health status benefits following PAD revascularization.
Studying the Qurʾan in the Context of Indonesian Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Fina Lien Iffah Nafʾatu
Published: November 2020

This essay reconsiders some of Majid Daneshgar’s arguments in his Studying the Qurʾan in the Muslim Academy. The first part of the essay discusses what counts as the Muslim academy and how it is represented in this book. I examine his arguments that the Muslim academy does not do Islamic studies but rather an apologetic, descriptive, and normative study of Islam, and that the Muslim academy’s reception of Western Qurʾanic scholarship is dismissive, hostile, poor, selective, and apologetic. Its second part examines his argument that the Muslim academy does not engage in a “critical study” of the Qurʾan and Islam. Through a juxtaposition with my experience teaching at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta and the development of Islamic higher education in Indonesia, I argue that Daneshgar’s thesis is an over-generalization of what he regards as the Muslim academy, obscuring its plural nature worldwide. I also question whether it is appropriate to talk about the Muslim academy in universal terms. I further argue that to analyze academic study of Islam and the Qurʾan in the Muslim world, one needs to consider the latter’s context and history and its dynamic in relation to secular epistemologies developed in the West.
Peter Zinkernagel and David Favrholdt: A Response to George Berkeley in Twentieth-Century Danish Philosophy
Authors: Huggler Jørgen
Published: November 2020

Berkeley’s criticism of Locke’s distinction between primary and secondary qualities is a challenge to epistemologists. Do we experience a mind-independent reality, even though we do it with the help of senses bound to give us subjective experiences? Berkeley – or a straw man by that name (i.e. Berkeley without God) – played an important part as sparring partner for an influential development of Danish theoretical philosophy in the second half of the 20th century. The protagonists here are Peter Zinkernagel (1921–2003) and David Favrholdt (1931–2012). Zinkernagel held an extraordinary appointment as research fellow at the University of Copenhagen. Favrholdt was the founding father of the Philosophical Institute at Odense University (today: University of Southern Denmark). This essay focuses on the constructive moments in Zinkernagel’s alternative to immaterialism, being based on a distinction between perception and action, and on Favrholdt’s development of a reconstruction of the distinction between primary and secondary qualities.
Center for Subjectivity Research: History, Contribution and Impact
Authors: Henriksen Mads Gram , León Felipe , Zahavi Dan
Published: November 2020

In this article, we describe the history and impact of the Center for Subjectivity Research (cfs) since its inception in 2002 and until 2020. From its very beginning, cfs was structured to facilitate and carry out interdisciplinary research on human subjectivity, taking phenomenology as an important source of inspiration. We cover some of the most important research areas in which cfs has had a national and international impact. These include developing the field of existential hermeneutics, opening a dialogue between phenomenology and analytic philosophy, creating a multi-dimensional account of the self, exploring the interrelations between I, you and we, and conceptualizing and assessing self-disorders in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Over the years, research at cfs has demonstrated the vitality of the phenomenological tradition, and shown how phenomenology can contribute to contemporary theoretical and scientific debates.
A review on the cytogenetics of the tribe Oryzomyini (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae), with the description of new karyotypes
Authors: MOREIRA CAMILA DO NASCIMENTO , VENTURA KAREN , PERCEQUILLO ALEXANDRE REIS , YONENAGA-YASSUDA YATIYO
Published: November 2020

Oryzomyini represents the most diverse and speciose tribe of subfamily Sigmodontinae, with 29 genera and about 141 species. This great diversity of species is distributed from southeastern North to southern South America. Its systematics have passed through major changes in the last years due to the integration of molecular data with morphological characters in phylogenetic inferences. Unsurprisingly, cytogenetic studies on Oryzomyini reflect such diversity, with chromosome diploid number varying from 2n = 16 to 2n = 88. In addition, some species present autosomal and sex chromosome polymorphisms, besides the presence of B chromosomes. However, despite decades of cytogenetic studies, our knowledge about the karyotype variability in this group were still poorly known. Considering such deep and profound changes on the tribe, along with important new evidence that was continuously being produced associated to field work in several areas of Brazil and South America, we performed a cytogenetic review of the Oryzomyini group. We provide standardized descriptions summarizing all the knowledge associated to the known species of the tribe. We also describe seven new karyotypes for the tribe, Euryoryzomys sp., 2n = 58 and FN = 92; Neacomys sp. 1, 2n = 48 and FN = 54; Neacomys sp. 2, 2n = 54 and FN = 62; Oecomys sp. 1, 2n = 54 and FN = 84; Oecomys sp. 2, 2n = 64 and FN = 92; Oecomys sp. 3, 2n = 84 and FN = 110; and Scolomys sp., 2n = 62 and FN = 80.
4. Blueprints for a Platonic Utopia
Authors: McAleer Sean
Published: November 2020

Chapter Four, ‘Blueprints for a Platonic Utopia: Education and Culture’, examines Socrates’ account of education in the ideal polis, focusing especially on informal, cultural education in music and poetry. We will explore the fascinating connections Socrates draws between aesthetic and moral development, especially the role that poetic and musical style play over and above content. We then discuss Socrates’ rather disturbing attitude toward disabled citizens before focusing on the famous Noble Falsehood, which concludes Book III, discussing the role that myth, especially myths of origin, play in civic self-understanding.
5. Starting to Answer the First Question
Authors: McAleer Sean
Published: November 2020

Chapter Five, ‘Starting to Answer the First Question: The Political Virtues’, focuses on the first third of Book IV. The ideal polis complete, Socrates and company investigate the political virtues of wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice, defining each and discussing their location in the polis. We will explore these accounts and the issues they raise, for example how the kind of agreement that constitutes political moderation differs from the idea of consent in modern liberal political thought, and the question of whether there are other virtues in addition to the four cardinal virtues.
7. Questions about the Ideal Polis
Authors: McAleer Sean
Published: November 2020

In Chapter Seven, ‘Questions about the Ideal Polis: The Three Waves’, we see Polemarchus and Adeimantus begin Book V by putting the brakes on Socrates’ attempt to immediately begin answering the Republic’s second question, whether living a morally good life is good for the person living it. They raise questions about and objections to the ideal polis, known as ‘the Three Waves’, which is an apt metaphor for a sea-faring culture. The First Wave concerns the question of whether women can be guardian-rulers in the ideal city. Socrates’ affirmative answer—surprising to his companions and to many readers alike (though for different reasons)—raises the question of whether Plato is a feminist. The Second Wave concerns the ideal city’s communal living arrangements, especially child-rearing. Socrates argues that not only is the abolition of the traditional family possible, it is beneficial. The Third Wave is the subject of the next chapter.
8. Surfing the Third Wave
Authors: McAleer Sean
Published: November 2020

Chapter Eight, ‘Surfing the Third Wave: Plato’s Metaphysical Elevator, the Powers Argument, and the Infallibility of Knowledge’, focuses on the Third Wave, which concerns the very possibility of the ideal city. Socrates famously claims that the ideal city can be made real only if philosophers rule. This leads him to explore how philosophers differ from non-philosophers, which will guide the last part of Book V as well as Books VI and VII. A crucial point of difference is that philosophers have knowledge while non-philosophers merely have belief, a distinction which is explored in some depth and detail. We devote special attention to one of the Republic’s most crucial arguments, the Powers Argument, in which Socrates argues for the existence of the Forms, the mind-independently real, timeless essences of the many particular things that populate the everyday world of our senses. The reality of the Forms is perhaps Plato’s most distinctive metaphysical view, so we devote quite a bit of attention to stating, explaining, and evaluating the Powers Argument
12. The Decline and Fall of the Ideal City-Soul
Authors: McAleer Sean
Published: November 2020

In Chapter Twelve, ‘The Decline and Fall of the Ideal City-Soul’, we begin exploring Socrates’ answer to the Republic’s second question. In Books VIII and IX, Socrates sketches five kinds of cities and souls, noting what each takes as its primary end or goal and which part or class governs the soul and city, respectively. We trace the decay from the best city-soul to the worst, attending to the role that changes to education play and to interesting features of each stage, and discuss at some length Plato’s distinction between necessary and unnecessary desires.
An Open-Access Long-Term Wearable ECG Database for Premature Ventricular Contractions and Supraventricular Premature Beat Detection
Authors: Cai Zhipeng , Liu Chengyu , Gao Hongxiang , Wang Xingyao , Zhao Lina , Shen Qin , Ng E. Y. K. , Li Jianqing
Published: November 2020

Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) devices can provide real-time, long-term, non-invasive and comfortable ECG monitoring for premature beats (PB) assessment (typically presenting as premature ventricular contractions (PVC) and supraventricular premature beat (SPB)), which may foreshadow
stroke or sudden cardiac death. However, the poor quality, introduced by the dry electrode in wearable ECG monitoring system, leads to the inefficient recognition of the existing PB detection technologies. Although many methods can achieve high recognition rate on current widely-used open-access
clinical ECG databases, they still fail to work properly on dynamic ECG signals. This study presents an open-access ECG database comprises of 24-hour wearable ECG recordings. The database is used for the 3rd China Physiological Signal Challenge (CPSC 2020), where participants are expected
to recognize PVC and SPB from these recordings. All the approved algorithms are evaluated by scoring standards and regulations defined in terms of PVC detection and SPB detection, respectively.
Polarimetric Signatures in Landfalling Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Homeyer Cameron R. , Fierro Alexandre O. , Schenkel Benjamin A. , Didlake Anthony C. , McFarquhar Greg M. , Hu Jiaxi , Ryzhkov Alexander V. , Basara Jeffrey B. , Murphy Amanda M. , Zawislak Jonathan
Published: November 2020

Polarimetric radar observations from the NEXRAD WSR-88D operational radar network in the contiguous United States, routinely available since 2013, are used to reveal three prominent microphysical signatures in landfalling tropical cyclones: 1) hydrometeor size sorting within the eyewall convection, 2) vertical displacement of the melting layer within the inner core, and 3) dendritic growth layers within stratiform regions of the inner core. Size sorting signatures within eyewall convection are observed with greater frequency and prominence in more intense hurricanes, and are observed predominantly within the deep-layer environmental wind shear vector-relative quadrants that harbor the greatest frequency of deep convection (i.e., downshear and left-of-shear). Melting-layer displacements are shown that exceed 1 km in altitude compared to melting-layer altitudes in outer rainbands and are complemented by analyses of archived dropsonde data. Dendritic growth and attendant snow aggregation signatures in the inner core are found to occur more often when echo-top altitudes are low (≤10 km MSL), nearer the −15°C isotherm commonly associated with dendritic growth. These signatures, uniquely observed by polarimetric radar, provide greater insight into the physical structure and thermodynamic characteristics of tropical cyclones, which are important for improving rainfall estimation and the representation of tropical cyclones in numerical models.
A Multiscale Analysis of a Nocturnal Extreme Rainfall Event of 14 July 2017 in Northeast China
Authors: Wang Gaili , Zhang Da-Lin , Sun Jisong
Published: November 2020

A multiscale observational analysis of a nocturnal extreme rainfall event that occurred at Changtu in Northeast China on 14 July 2017 is performed using global analysis, automated surface observations, Doppler radar, rawinsonde, and disdrometer data. Results show that the large-scale environment was characterized by high convective available potential energy and precipitable water, moderate convective inhibition, and a southwesterly low-level jet (LLJ) capped by an inversion layer. The first and subsequent convective cells developed along a quasi-stationary surface convergence zone in a convection-void region of a previously dissipated meso-α-scale convective line. Continuous convective initiation through backbuilding at the western end and the subsequent merging of eastward-moving convective cells led to the formation of a near-zonally oriented meso-β-scale rainband, with reflectivity exceeding 45 dBZ (i.e., convective core intensity). This quasi-stationary rainband was maintained along the convergence zone by the LLJ of warm moist air, aided by local topographical lifting and convectively generated outflows. A maximum hourly rainfall amount of 96 mm occurred during 0200–0300 Beijing standard time as individual convective cores with a melting layer of >55 dBZ reflectivity moved across Changtu with little intermittency. The extreme-rain-producing stage was characterized with near-saturated vertical columns, and rapid number concentration increases of all raindrop sizes. It is concluded that the formation of the meso-β-scale rainband with continuous convective backbuilding, and the subsequent echo-training of convective cores with growing intensity and width as well as significant fallouts of frozen particles accounted for the generation of this extreme rainfall event. This extreme event was enhanced by local topography and the formation of a mesovortex of 20–30 km in diameter.
Laboratory Automation - The Design of User Interfaces
Authors: Laugier Alain , Steele Trevor , Falco François
Published: November 2020

The end result of the laboratory process is the production of information. The quality of what is produced depends not only on quality factors such as the reliability of the information but also its turnaround time, accessibility and production cost.
High Throughput Screening: A Simplified Protocol to Verify Pipetting Acccuracy
Authors: Akowitz Alfred
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this article is to alert the reader to a sensitve assay that can be easily employed to verify the pipetting accuracy of any manufacturer's multi-well pipettor.
Personalauswahl — Was wird denn da gespielt? Ein Plädoyer für einen Perspektivenwechsef
Authors: Laske Stephan , Weiskopf Richard
Published: November 2020

Personalauswahl ist ein heikles Geschäft - kostspielig und risikoreich für die meisten Beteiligten. Daran können auch noch so elaborierte Selektionsverfahren grundsätzlich nichts ändern, solange diese darauf abzielen, Individuen, deren Eignung und deren Identität psychometrisch-kriminologisch „auf die Spur zu kommen”. Auf der Basis einer sorgfältigen Prämissenkritik des herrschenden Vermessungs-Paradigmas und anknüpfend an der Metapher des „Machtspiels” plädieren die Verfasser für einen grundlegenden Perspektivenwechsel: Personalauswahlverfahren produzieren selbst, was sie zu messen vorgeben - das Personal von Organisationen.
Subjektivität im Arbeitshandeln und Ziele der Personalarbeit. Eine allgemeine Betrachtung mit Beispielen aus dem Produktionsbereich des metallverarbeitenden Gewerbes
Authors: Modrow-Thiel Brita
Published: November 2020

Veränderte Umwelt- und Konkurrenzanforderungen haben neue Produktionskonzepte und den Einsatz neuer Produktionstechnologien zur Folge. Ein Paradigmenwechsel von hierarchischen Strukturen zu dynamischen, selbststeuernden Organisationseinheiten kündigt sich in vielen Unternehmen an. Im Produktionsbereich heißt dies für die Arbeitenden auf allen Hierarchiestufen, daß sie neue Kompetenzen einbringen müssen, die auch – bisher oft vernachlässigte – lebensweltliche Fertigkeiten und Fähigkeiten betreffen. Um diesen Anforderungen nachkommen zu können, müssen entsprechende Bedingungen für die Arbeitenden geschaffen werden. Personalarbeit muß auf personaler, interpersonaler und apersonaler Ebene einsetzen. Dabei wird auf die Gestaltung des Zusammenspiels von Personalentwicklung und Organisationsentwicklung ein wesentlicher Schwerpunkt gesetzt werden müssen.
Kommunikationsprobleme in amerikanisch-japanisch-deutschen Teams: Kulturelle Synergie durch interkulturelles Training?
Authors: Moosmüller Alois
Published: November 2020

Kulturell heterogene Teams können erfolgreich sein und kulturelle Synergien erzeugen, wenn sie richtig geführt werden. Entscheidend ist dabei die Fähigkeit der Teammitglieder, die unterschiedlichen, kulturell geprägten Interaktionsmuster wahrzunehmen und angemessen damit umzugehen. Das im Team vorhandene „intuitive interkulturelle Wissen” muß dazu in explizites, erlernbares Wissen transformiert werden. Interkulturelles Training kann diesen Lernprozeß initiieren und steuern. Dies wird am Beispiel von Trainings demonstriert, die in trikulturellen Teams durchgeführt wurden. Eine wesentliche Herausforderung ist dabei die Überwindung der Widerstände, die der Akzeptanz von kultureller Verschiedenheit, der wesentlichen Voraussetzung für die Erzeugung von kultureller Synergie, entgegengebracht wird.
Entwicklung und Validierung einer auswertungsobjektiven Postkorbübung für die Personalauswahl
Authors: Musch Jochen , Lieberei Walter
Published: November 2020

Unzureichende Standardisierung, die fehlende Explikation eines normativen Bezugssystems und eine auf freier Eindrucksbildung beruhende Auswertung werden als Schwachpunkte von vielen in Assessment Centern eingesetzten Übungen identifiziert. Die Entwicklung einer Postkorbübung zur Überwindung dieser Fehlerquellen und zur Reduzierung der Anfälligkeit gegenüber Halo-Effekten und anderen Urteilsverzerrungen wird vorgestellt. Hauptziele der Entwicklung waren eine standardisierte Stimulusdarbietung, das Anlegen eines eindeutigen, kriterienorientierten Bewertungsmaßstabes und eine hohe Auswertungsobjektivität. Der Postkorb wurde in einem Assessment Center mit 54 Teilnehmern evaluiert. Dabei vermochte er spezifische, von klassischen AC-Übungeri nicht abgedeckte Varianzanteile aufzuklären und wies eine gegenüber anderen Verfahren erhöhte diskriminante Validität auf.