bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Fuel Saving in 4D Waypoint Networks
Authors: Ahmed Kawser , De Freitas Coelho Milca , Bousson Kouamana
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this work is to develop a trajectory optimization method that generates a fuel optimal trajectory from a predefined 4D waypoint networks, where the arrival time is specified for each waypoint in the network. A single source shortest path algorithm is presented to generate the optimal flight trajectory that minimizes fuel burn. Generating such trajectories enables the airlines to cope with increasing fuel costs and to reduce aviation induced climate change, as emission is directly related to the amount of fuel burn. Two case studies were considered and the simulation results showed that flying a fuel optimal trajectory based on the proposed algorithm leads to a reduction of average fuel consumption on international flights by 2-4% compared with the conventional trip fuel.
Keywords: Fuel saving, Cost index, 4D trajectory optimization, Waypoint network, Dijkstra’s algorithm
Thermal Experiments for Validation of 3-AMADEUS Cubesat
Authors: Carvalhais Daniel , Figueiredo Paulo , Machado Miguel , Guerra André , Brójo Francisco
Published: June 2020

There has been an increasing interest in CubeSats missions due to its small size, low cost and flexibility to accommodate different payloads. It enables CubeSats to perform a range of various missions. One of the causes of failure in a satellite in space are the temperature peaks suffered during a full orbital cycle. Therefore, proper thermal control system design and test should be performed to guarantee the reliability of a spacecraft prior to launch.The present work aims to analyze the main heat transfer processes within a satellite to validate the 3-AMADEUS CubeSat and current methodologies used by CEiiA for nano and micro satellites. Hence, with the purpose of developing thermal models with higher reliability, an experiment was devised to be performed in a controlled environment. The experimental test consists in a study of the heat exchange between two aluminum plates through radiation, using infrared lamps as heat source. Three distance configuration and two lamp types are tested. This would emulate the heat transmission between different components within the satellite. The view factors are changed. In parallel, a finite element software (MSC Nastran) is used to carry out a numerical study of the same experiments. The temperature distribution results of both numerical and experimental solutions are then compared, and the results are discussed.
Keywords: Radiation, View factors, Experimental
Study of a Context Quality Model for UbiPri Middleware
Authors: de Paula Diandre , Saraiva Daniel , Natália Romeiro , Garcia Nuno , Leithardt Valderi
Published: June 2020

With the growth of ubiquitous computing, context-aware computing-based applications are increasingly emerging, and these applications demonstrate the impact that context has on the adaptation process. From the context, it will be possible to adapt the application according to the requirements and needs of its users. Therefore, the quality of the context information must be guaranteed so that the application does not have an incorrect or unexpected adaptation process. But like any given data, there is the possibility of inaccuracy and/or uncertainty and so Quality of Context (QoC) plays a key role in ensuring the quality of context information and optimizing the adaptation process. To guarantee the Quality of Context it is necessary to study a quality model to be created, which will have the important function of evaluating the context information. Thus, it is necessary to ensure that the parameters and quality indicators to be used and evaluated are the most appropriate for a given type of application. This paper aims to study a context quality model for the UbiPri middleware, defining its quality indicators to ensure its proper functioning in the process of adaptation in granting access to ubiquitous environments.
Keywords: QoC, Model, Context-Aware, Data, Privacy
Analysis of Heat Balance in a Light Steel Frame Residence with Different Insulating Thickness
Authors: Oberderfer Consoli Isabel , Rodrigues andrade Carlos Alberto , Lyzandro Tabalipa Ney
Published: June 2020

Sustainability and efficiency in buildings are concepts that have been recently growing and developing. Its application in several buildings has become mandatory in many countries around the world. One of the major challenges faced by sustainable buildings is the achievement of satisfactory levels in efficiency terms, without negatively impacting the economics. The residential construction sector has great potential for energy savings and is also where building strategies need to be carefully planned,  as they seek to meet the needs of residents not only in the present, but also over time. Residential design must be done thoroughly and must include the analysis of all climate variables involved. In order to verify a residential building envelope behaviour regarding energy and thermal efficiency, this paper intended to evaluate through software Design Builder®, walls and roofs with a rock wool layer, placed in a Light Steel Frame (LSF) house.
Keywords: Insulating materials, Light steel frame, Heat gains, Heat losses
Comparative Study on Coolbox/Waterloop and Natural Refrigerants Solutions for Commercial Refrigeration
Authors: Rui Ribeiro de Almeida Mário , S.S.L. Casaca Cláudia
Published: June 2020

This paper presents some natural and artificial solutions for reducing the use of HFCs in commercial refrigeration systems to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to the atmosphere. Additionally, the case study of a medium size supermarket is addressed. For this, a series of cooling systems have been sized which are divided into Coolbox/Waterloop systems and centralized systems. Three centralized systems with R410a, R717 and R744/R717 were dimensioned as well as a Coolbox/Waterloop system with R410a. This way is possible to ensure a comparison not only between fluids but also between the Coolbox/Waterloop technology and the centralized solution. After sizing the systems, the comparative energy, economic and carbon emission studies of the systems, in which their application has been found to be possible, are presented. After analysing the systems covered and the studies performed, it is concluded not only about the best applicable system, but also about the limitations found in each of the others.
Keywords: Natural refrigerants, Commercial refrigeration, Coolbox, Waterloop
Line Codes for Communication Systems
Authors: D. Reis António , F. Rocha José , S. Gameiro Atílio , P. Carvalho Jose
Published: June 2020

The coder is a generic device where exist a big types diversity. In base digital systems, the coder is a device that codifies the active input position in a number, normally, binary natural. If we have N inputs they are codified with n bits, N=2
Controlled Deposition of Polyamide Nanofibers Through an Innovative Electrospinning Device
Authors: José Ramos Belino Nuno , Aurélio da Silva Nunes Barata Teresa Raquel
Published: June 2020

Electrospinning is a straightforward, cheap and unique method to produce novel fibers with diameter in the range of 100 nm and even less. Those nanofibers have    a wide variety of applications such as: filters, membranes, composite reinforcement, drug delivery, protective barriers, sensors, wound dressings and tissue-engineered scaffolds where their unique properties contribute to product functionality. However, this process is characterized by a chaotic oscillation of the electrospinning jet which leads to the formation of beads an uneven nanofiber. This research work envisages the development of an apparatus to control the deposition of electrospun nanofibers through the use of a series of charged metal rings and the addition of a secondary power source, which enables a greater control over the polymer jet stream.
Keywords: Nanotechnology, Electrospinning, Nanofibres, Controled deposition, Polyamides
Coder and Decoder of Block 3B4B with Auxiliary Channel
Authors: D. Reis António , F. Rocha José , S. Gameiro Atílio , P. Carvalho Jose
Published: June 2020

This work presents the coder and decoder of block 3B4B with auxiliary channel. The coder 3B4B converts an input 3 bits word in an output 4 bits word. It transmits an equal number of 1’s and 0’s to provide a DC constant component. It increases the transitions number, improves the system quality and security. The objective is also to improve the system potentialities with an auxiliary channel to monitor the communication (alarm). The main channel is real, but the auxiliary channel is fictitious.
Keywords: Block codes, Digital systems, Transmission lines
Inertial Dynamometer for Shell Eco-marathon Engine: Validation
Authors: Filipe da Silva Cardoso Daniel , Manuel Figueira Neves Amaro João , Manuel Oliveira Fael Paulo
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to validate the construction of an inertia dynamometer. These types of dynamometers allow easy characterization of internal combustion engines. To validate the dynamometer, tests were carried out with the same engine (Honda GX 160) installed in the UBIAN car and kart, which after calculating the inertia and measuring engine acceleration in each test performed, allows to create the torque characteristic curve from the engine.
Keywords: Inertia, Dynamometer, Torque, Flywheel, UBIAN
Aircraft Propellers, an Outdated Innovation?
Authors: Alves Pedro , Silvestre Miguel , Gamboa Pedro
Published: June 2020

The race for speed ruled the early Jet Age on aviation. Aircraft manufacturers chased faster and faster planes in a fight for pride and capability. In the early 1970s, dreamed that the future would be supersonic, but fuel economy and not acceptable noise levels made that era never came. After the 1973 first oil crisis, the paradigm changed. The average cruise speed on newly developed aircraft started to decrease in exchange for improvements in many other performance parameters. At the same pace, the airliner’s powerplants are evolving to look more like a ducted turboprop, and less like a pure jet engine as the pursuit for the higher bypass ratios continues. However, since the birth of jet aircraft, the propeller-driven plane lost its dominant place in the market. Associated with the idea of going back to propeller-driven airplanes, and what it represented in terms of modernity and security, it started a propeller avoidance phenomenon on the travelers and thus on the airlines. Today, even with the modest research effort since the 1980s, the advanced propellers are getting closer efficiencies to the jet-powered engines at their contemporary typical cruise speeds. This paper gives a brief overview of the performance trends in aviation since the last century. Comparison examples between aircraft designed on different paradigms are presented. The use of propellers as a reborn propulsive device is discussed.
Keywords: Propeller, Aircraft, Turboprop, Flight efficiency, Flight speed
Qualitative Approach for Assessing Runoff Temporal Dependence Through Geometrical Symmetry
Authors: Zazo Del dedo Santiago , Macian-Sorribes Hector , Maria Sena Fael Cristina , Garía-Martín Ana-María , Molina Jose-Luis , Pulido-Velazquez Manuel P
Published: June 2020

Currently, noticeable changes in traditional hydrological patterns are being observed on the short and medium-term. These modifications are adding a growing variability on water resources behaviour, especially evident in its availability. Consequently, for a better understanding/knowledge of temporal alterations, it is crucial to develop  new analytical strategies which are capable of capturing these modifications on its temporal behaviour. This challenge is here addressed via a purely stochastic methodology on annual runoff time series. This is performed through the propagation of temporal dependence strength over the time, by means of Causality, supported by Causal Reasoning (Bayes’ theorem), via the relative percentage of runoff change that a time-step produces on the following ones. The result is a dependence mitigation graph, whose analysis of its symmetry provides an innovative qualitative approach to assess time-dependency from a dynamic and continuous perspective against the classical, static and punctual result that a correlogram offers. This was evaluated/applied to four Spanish unregulated river sub-basins; firstly on two Douro/Duero River Basin exemplary case studies (the largest river basin at Iberian Peninsula) with a clearly opposite temporal behaviour, and subsequently applied to two watersheds belonging to Jucar River Basin (Iberian Peninsula Mediterranean side), characterised by suffering regular drought conditions.
Keywords: Causal reasoning, Theorem of Bayes, Temporal dependence propagation, Runoff time series, Water resources management
A Mixed Experimental-numerical Energy-based Approach for Fatigue Life Assessment in Notched Samples under Multiaxial Loading
Authors: Branco Ricardo , . F. Nogueira , . D. Costa , . P. Prates , . V. Antunes
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a methodology to predict the fatigue lifetime in notched geometries subjected to multiaxial loading on the basis of the cumulated strain energy density. The modus operandi consists of defining an energy-based fatigue master curve that relates the cumulated strain energy density with the number of cycles to failure using standard cylindrical specimens tested under low-cycle fatigue conditions. After that, an elastic-plastic finite-element model representative of the material behaviour, notched geometry and multiaxial loading scenario is developed and used to account for the strain energy density at the crack initiation site. This energy is then averaged using the Theory of Critical Distances and inserted into the energy- based fatigue master curve to estimate the lifetime expectancy. Overall, the comparison between the experimental and predicted fatigue lives has shown a very good agreement.
Keywords: Multiaxial fatigue, Fatigue life prediction, Strain energy density
Growing Evolution of the Electrification Rate on Heavy Vehicles
Authors: Manuel Fernandes Lemos de Oliveira Ricardo , Nuno de Oliveira Duarte Gonçalo , Paulo Ferreira Henriques Nuno
Published: June 2020

In response to environmental impacts and all the limitations caused by fossil fuels, we have been witnessing in recent decades to the sharp development of hybrid electric and electric vehicles, particularly in heavy-duty passenger vehicles. Its proliferation is now widespread in virtually every major vehicle brand, reflecting operator confidence. In order to further mitigate the use of fossil fuels, the trend is to increase supply in 100% electric versions. However, the evolution of recent years, both in manufacturers commercial strategy of major brands and bodybuilders and in sales volume, seems to indicate a new demand stage for this kind of vehicles, which are still making the first steps in Portugal. However, high acquisition costs and limited autonomy are still major obstacles to a faster proliferation of electrification in heavy vehicles. Its strengths such as lower air and noise pollution, in addition to lower operating and maintenance costs, led to a growing acquisition in the Portuguese vehicle market, where 16 new heavy-duty passenger BEV have been sold this year. Real-world operational impacts of these vehicles indicate a energy use between 0.91 and 1.65 kWh/km depending on driving context. It has been also observed that operators are still adapting and not always using the full battery capacity.
Keywords: Electrified heavy vehicles, Energy assessment, Driving mode, Load support, State of charge
Aborto habitual. Tratamiento con gonadotropina coriónica humana
Authors: Cifuentes B. Rodrigo , Gómez Gustavo
Published: June 2020

El aborto espontáneo ocupa el primer lugar entre las causas de fracaso de la gestación. Dentro de este grupo de mujeres se encuentran las pacientes abortadoras habituales por deficiencia del cuerpo lúteo, para quienes se carecía de una terapia efectiva hasta la fecha. Intentos previos para corregir la deficiencia endógena de progesterona administrando por vía exógena esta hormona, no habían sido exitosos. En el presente trabajo se intenta corregir esa deficiencia por medio de gonadotropina coriónica l. M ., la cual provocará la liberación endógena de progesterona. Es así como se seleccionaron dos grupos: uno constituido por 13 embarazadas normales y el segundo por 13 embarazadas con antecedente de 3 o más abortos espontáneos y sin patología detectable. Las pacientes con aborto habitual tuvieron niveles bajos de progestinas plasmáticas al compararlos con las embarazadas normales. Sin embargo, después de administrar gonadotropina coriónica humana a las pacientes abartadoras habituales, los niveles de progestinas se hicieron sensiblemente iguales en ambos grupos y las 26 pacientes finalizaron exitosamente su gestación.Sobre la base de los anteriores resultados se sugiere la administración periódica de cantidades conocidas de gonadotropina coriónica humana en la prevención del aborto en pacientes abortadoras habituales, por deficiencia de progesterona.
Tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo por la operación de Burch
Authors: Tobón L. Gabriel Alberto , Uribe E. Gabriel Fernando , García M. Jaime
Published: June 2020

Se analizan 15 pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo vistas en el Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital universitario San Vicente de Paúl, a quienes se les practicó la técnica Burch; se describe esta, se discuten sus ventajas e inconvenientes.
Estudio de la pareja estéril
Authors: Sánchez Escoba Fabio , Garcia Gómez Jairo E. , Mejia Restrepo Jorge Mario , De los Ríos Osorio Jesús , Mejía William
Published: June 2020

Durante las últimas décadas, y a raíz de los adelantos en el área de la Reproducción Humana, le ha correspondido al campo de la esterilidad uno de los mayores progresos: es por ello que la Asociación Antioqueña de Obstetricia y Ginecología ha acogido con beneplácito la elección que se le ha hecho para la presentación de este relato.
Efecto de los senósidos A y B sobre el peristaltismo intestinal durante el puerperio
Authors: Velasco-Chiriboga A. , Perdomo M. A.
Published: June 2020

Se estudiaron 2 grupos de pacientes sometidas a tratamiento con senósidos A y B para combatir el estreñimiento crónico y el estreñimiento funcional del puerperio. Un grupo de pacientes que tuvieron parto espontáneo y no recibieron ningún tipo de anestesia, se trataron con 2 tabletas de Senokot el primer día, repitiendo el tratamiento al día siguiente. El 70% de pacientes evacuaron dentro de las primeras 20 horas del tratamiento. En otro grupo de 20 pacientes, que se sometieron a operación cesárea, el tratamiento fue eficaz en el 90%. Se consideró el tratamiento como eficaz, fácil de administrar y carente de efectos colaterales: por tanto de gran utilidad en la práctica obstétrica.
Determinación de los valores de densidad óptica a 650nm
Authors: Salazar Galindo Juan Alvaro , Velasco Chiriboga Alvaro , Pacheco Consuegra Carlos Julio , Guzmán Niño Armando
Published: June 2020

En 84 muestras de líquido amniótico se realizaron lecturas espectrofotométricas diferentes longitudes de onda y se midió la concentración de algunos de los componentes del líquido. Se observa una variación definida en la densidad óptica con la edad de embarazo que permite utilizar esta variable en la predicción del tiempo de gestación, obteniendo la mejor correlación para los 650 nm. Mediante análisis estadístico computarizado se busca la manera de deducir una edad de gestación conocida la densidad óptica, concluyendo la fórmula de mejor probabilidad predictiva.
Rabdomiosarcoma embrionario del aparato genital femenino
Authors: Guzmán Mejia Luis Eduardo , Jordán Abondano Germán
Published: June 2020

Se presentan 10 casos de rabdomiosarcoma botrioides, revisando los conceptos histopatológicos, la signología y sintomatología, la edad más frecuente de presentación, los avances en su tratamiento y los posibles errores de interpretación tanto clínicos como patológicos en su diagnóstico inicial.
Radioinmunoanálisis de gonadotropina coriónica: sus valores en embarazos normales y anormales
Authors: Guzmán Miguel , De Estrada Ruth , Tafurt Carlos , Murillo Carmenza , Montenegro María Cristina , Moreno María Consuelo
Published: June 2020

Se determinaron los valores de gonadotropina coriónica en suero de 10 mujeres con embarazos normales, en muestras tomadas cada 15 días a partir de la semana 30. Los valores obtenidos fueron: semana 30:19.411.lmUl/ml, semana 32:40.635mUl/ml, semana 34: 52, 622mUl/ml, semana 36:62,683mUl/ml, semana 38:37,096mUl/ml. Se estudiaron, igualmente, 7 casos de embarazos molares en los cuales se hallaron niveles previos a la evacuación de la mola del orden de 1.000.000mUl/ml. Se siguió el descenso de la gonadotropina después de la evacuación, hasta llegar, en algunos casos, a valores muy bajos. La gonadotropina coriónica se determinó por un método de radioinmunoanálisis, con una sensibilidad de 9.8mUl/ml en 200μ1 de muestra, estandarizado en nuestro laboratorio. La gonadotropina coriónica humana (hCG) es una hormona glicoprotéica con un peso molecular de 40.000; dado que es secretada por la placenta solo puede detectarse, normalmente, durante el embarazo, incluso a partir del sexto día después de la concepción. También es elaborada por todos los tipos de tejido trofoblástico: molas hidatiformes, corioadenoma destructivo y coriocarcimomas. Fue descubierta en 1927, en orina de mujer embarazada por Aschheim y Zondek (1), quienes establecieron la primera prueba biológica para su detección utilizando como parámetro la respuesta del ovario de ratón prepuberal (2). Posteriormente, Galli-Mainini (3) desarrolló un ensayo simplificado usando sapos machos. En 1960, Brody y Carlstrom (4) prepararon el primer suero anti-hCG y elaboraron una prueba de fijación de complemento para la detección de esta hormona. Bermes (5) describió, en 1969, una prueba de aglutinación directa para el diagnóstico del embarazo. Los ensayos anteriores permiten detectar hasta 500mUl/ml. Con el advenimiento del radioinmunoanálisis de hCG (6) se han logrado límites de detección de 5mUl/ml en 200μ1 de muestra; esta alta sensibilidad permite el diagnóstico precoz del embarazo, aun antes de la primera falla menstrual y el control del tratamiento de las enfermedades trofoblásticas. En el presente trabajo se determinaron los valores normales de hCG a partir de la semana 30 de gestación. Además, se estudiaron algunas pacientes con enfermedad trofoblástica antes y después del tratamiento, utilizando un método de radioinmunoanálisis con segundo anti-suero en fase sólida, desarrollado en nuestro laboratorio.
Un centro para atención de la adolescente embarazada
Authors: Rizo Alberto , Prada Elena
Published: June 2020

La presentación siguiente corresponde a la descripción de un proyecto que se realizó en Jamaica, país caribeño, situado al sur de la Isla de Cuba, que tenía 2 mills. de habitantes según el censo efectuado en 1970. Jamaica, como muchos otros países del hemisferio occidental, presenta un considerable crecimiento de su población pese a los esfuerzos que realiza el gobierno por desacelerar dicho crecimiento. La población de la Isla es bastante heterogénea y predomina el ancestro africano entre sus habitantes.
Hemorragias de la segunda mitad de la gestación
Authors: Blanco Martínez Benjamín , Pérez Pérez Donaldo , Cabrales A. Jorge , Meneses Fernando
Published: June 2020

En el Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología de la Facultad de Medicina de Cartagena, se estudiaron 186 casos de hemorragias de la segunda mitad de la gestación. Los casos fueron seleccionados de 25.286 Historias Clínicas, correspondientes a los años 1976, 1977 y 1978, de la Clínica de Maternidad Rafael Calvo C. y el Hospital Universitario de Cartagena. Anotamos que aproximadamente 9 de cada 1000 embarazadas, en la segunda mitad de la gestación, padecen hemorragias. Clasificadas estas hemorragias según entidades, resultaron para los 3 años, 91 pacientes con Placenta Previa, el mismo número con D.P.P.N.I. y 4 Rupturas Uterinas. La edad promedio de las pacientes con Placenta Previa fue de 29.1 años; para las de D.P.P.N.I. fue de 29.6. La paridad promedio para la Placenta Previa fue de 3.8 partos, para el D.P.P.N.l. fue de 4. En las nulíparas el D.P.P.N.I'* es 3 veces más frecuente que la Placenta Previa. La Placenta Previa y el D.P.P.N.I. se presentaron con marcada frecuencia desde las 34 y más semanas de embarazo. Los casos de Rupturas Uterinas, todos, fueron en embarazos a término.El motivo de consulta predominante en la Placenta Previa, fue el sangrado indoloro (81,3%). El sangrado con dolor predominó en el D.P.P.N.I. /59.3%) y el dolor en la Ruptura Uterina (75%).La hipertonía uterina - estuvo presente en el D.P.P.N.I., con 42 %. La situación trasversa del feto, la cesárea anterior y el manejo por empírica se asociaron con la ruptura uterina en 75%.Las complicaciones maternas predominaron en el D.P.P.N.I., con 79%. Sobresale el Utero de Couvelaire (42.2 %) y la C.I.D (13.5%). El tipo de parto que predominó, fue la Cesárea segmentaria transperitoneal, con 84.9% y fue seguido por el parto vaginal espontáneo con 10.7% El 60% de pacientes fue manejado solamente con líquidos y electrolitos; además de otras medidas generales especiales. El 25% recibió corticoides sangre total. El uso de la Heparina fue exclusivo para el D.P.P.N.I en 25 casos (25.5%). De éstos, 21 (84 %) evolucionario satisfactoriamente y 4 (16 %) murieron. La mortalidad fetal fue de 57 casos (30.6%). De éste, corresponde a la placenta previa 4.9%, al D.P.P.N.I., 23.5% y a la Ruptura Uterina, 2.2%. Analizada esta mortalidad separadamente para cada entidad, según número de casos, corresponde a Placenta Previa 9.9%, al D.P.P.N.I., 48.4%y a la Ruptura Uterina 100 %. El 61% de los fetos fueron mortinatos desde el ingreso; 33.3% tenía sufrimiento y 1.8% estaba normal. La mortalidad materna exclusiva del D.P.P.N.I. fue de 8 casos (8.8 %). Para el número total de casos (186) esta mortalidad , corresponde a 4.3%.
Extracción laparoscópica del DIU intraperitoneal
Authors: Marín Ardila Laureano , Rodríguez de Francisco Eduardo
Published: June 2020

1.Está demostrado que se pueden extraer los dispositivos intraperitoneales por laparoscopia.2.La laparotomía sólo se utilizará para extraer dispositivos ¡ntraperitoneales en aquellos casos en que no se logra hacerlo con la laparoscopia.3.La extracción del dispositivo intraperitoneal se practica en forma ambulatoria.4.No siempre los dispositivos intrauterinos son expulsados con el parto o aborto cuando hay embarazos, hay que tener en mente la posibilidad de que pueden haber emigrado a cavidad peritoneal.
Aspectos que influyen en la falta de utilización de los servicios de un programa de esterilización
Authors: Amorocho P. Néstor H. , Quintero H. Martha Lucía , González Beatríz Eugenia , Olivo Luz Stella
Published: June 2020

La disminución en el número de aceptantes de la esterilización llevo a encuestar un grupo de quienes se habían retractado de la intervención y otro de quienes se esperaba fueran sus usuarias a fin de conocer los factores causales.La autorización firmada por el cónyuge aparece como el obstáculo sobresaliente, junto al "miedo a la operación".La motivación e información defectuosas se identifican como problemas básicos.Se investigaron, además, aspectos socio económicos, actitudes hacia la Planificación Familiar y la imagen que proyecta Profamilia como Centro Educativo.
Usos del compuesto IK-19 en cuadros espasmo-dolorosos del tracto genital
Authors: Vásquez V. Gonzalo
Published: June 2020

Se presenta un estudio sobre la efectividad de la droga IK-19 en estados dolorosos pélvicos de veinte pacientes tratadas en la consulta privada y en el Instituto de Seguros Sociales.A las pacientes se les practicó un examen físico general con exploración pélvico-ginecológica completa. Además se ordenaron exámenes de laboratorio antes y después del tratamiento, tales como: cuadro hemático completo, pruebas de función hepática (fosfatasa alcalina, bilirrubina, transaminasas) y examen parcial de orina.La efectividad de la droga y la tolerancia se consideraron satisfactorias en el 80 y 90% de las pacientes, respectivamente.
Sección Informativa
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federacion Colombiana
Published: June 2020

XIII Congreso colombiano de Obstetricia y GinecologíaIX Congreso mundial de Ginecología y ObstetriciaCongreso internacional Senología
The COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Childbirth Educators in Promoting and Protecting Breastfeeding
Authors: Spatz Diane L.
Published: June 2020

The healthcare system is being challenged in the United States and worldwide due to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, all through this pandemic, families will continue to birth children. Childbirth educators play a particularly important role in ensuring that families receive appropriate evidence-based information about human milk and breastfeeding as a lifesaving medical intervention. In the current COVID-19 crisis, breastfeeding and the provision of human milk remains recommended by national and international organizations.
Aydın ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflerin girişimcilik özelliklerinin incelenmesi üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: SAYAR Nur , TUNALIOĞLU Renan
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, Aydın ilinde 1163 sayılı tarımsal amaçlı kooperatif yöneticilerinin kooperatifçilik kültürü ve girişimcilik özellikleri incelenmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın verilerini, Aydın ilindeki mevcut 17 ilçede, 1163 Sayılı yasaya tabi, Tarımsal Kalkınma, Su Ürünleri, Sulama Kooperatiflerinden oransal olarak belirlenen toplam 93 kooperatifin yönetim kurulu başkanları ile yüz yüze görüşülerek yapılan anketler oluşturmaktadır. Kişisel ve yöneticilik için tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bilgilerin ölçümünde frekans analizi, kooperatif yöneticilerinin girişimcilik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde faktör analizi kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Aydın, Türkiye tarımında önemli bir potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu nedenle tarım kesiminin gelişmesinde, tarımsal kooperatiflerin varlığı ve güvenilirliği, başarısı içinse yöneticilerin farklı özelliklere sahip olması beklenmektedir. Bu araştırmada, yöneticilerin girişimcilik özellikleri ve liderlik vasıflarını yansıtan üretim ve pazarlamada önderlik, üretici beklentileri ve siyasi otorite kararları, yeniliklerin takip edilmesi ve üreticiye iletilmesi, yeni uygulamaların benimsetilmesi ile ilgili risk alınması vb. özellikler incelenmiştir. Aydın’ın farklı ilçelerindeki kooperatif yöneticilerinin, %96’sı erkek, %44’ü ilkokul mezunu, tarımsal tecrübeleri 3 ile 40 yıl, yenilikleri takip eden, örnek kooperatif olmak için farklı riskler alan, ortaklarla fikir işbirliğinde olamayan kişiler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada, Aydın’da, Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığına bağlı tarımsal amaçlı kooperatif yöneticilerinin büyük bir oranının girişimcilik özelliklerine sahip olmalarına rağmen bunu kooperatif yönetimine aktaramadıkları belirlenmiştir.
Genetic Basis of Maize Resistance to Multiple-Insect Pests: Integrated Genome-Wide Comparative Mapping and Candidate Gene Prioritization
Authors: Badji Arfang , Kwemoi Daniel Bomet , Machida Lewis , Okii Dennis , Mwila Natasha , Agbahoungba Symphorien , Kumi Frank , Ibanda Angele , Bararyenya Astere , Solemanegy Marta , Odong Thomas , Wassw Peter , Otim Michael , Asea Godfrey , Ochwo-Ssemakula Mildred , Talwana Herbert , Kyamanywa Samuel , Rubaihayo Patrick
Published: June 2020

Several herbivores feed on maize in field and storage setups making the development of multiple-insect resistance a critical breeding target. In this study, an association mapping panel of 341 tropical maize lines was evaluated in three field environments for resistance to FAW (fall armyworm) whilst bulked grains were subjected to MW (maize weevil) bioassay, genotyped with Diversity Array Technologies single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. A multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed 62 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) associated with FAW and MW resistance traits on all 10 maize chromosomes, of which, 47 and 31 were discovered at stringent Bonferroni genome-wide significance level of 0.05 and 0.01, respectively, and located within or close to multiple-insect resistance genomic regions (MIRGRs) concerning FAW, SB, and MW. Sixteen QTNs influenced multiple-traits of which six were associated with resistance to both FAW and MW suggesting a pleiotropic genetic control. Functional prioritization of candidate genes (CGs) located within 10-30kb of the QTNs revealed 64 putative GWAS-based CGs (GbCGs) showing evidence of involvement in plant defense mechanisms. Only one GbCG was associated with each of five of the six combined-resistance QTNs, thus, reinforcing the pleiotropy hypothesis. In addition, through In-silico co-functional network inferences, an additional 107 Network-based CGs (NbCGs), biologically connected to the 64 GbCGs, differentially expressed under biotic or abiotic stress were revealed within MIRGRs. The provided multiple-insect resistance physical map should contribute to the development of combined-insect resistance in maize.
Storage, Indexing, Query Processing, and Benchmarking in Centralized and Distributed RDF Engines: A Survey
Authors: Ali Waqas , Saleem Muhammad , Yao Bin , Ngonga Ngomo Axel-Cyrille
Published: June 2020

The recent advancements of the Semantic Web and Linked Data have changed the working of the traditional web. There is a huge adoption of the Resource Description Framework (RDF) format for saving of web-based data. This massive adoption has paved the way for the development of various centralized and distributed RDF processing engines. These engines employ different mechanisms to implement key components of the query processing engines such as data storage, indexing, language support, and query execution. All these components govern how queries are executed and can have a substantial effect on the query runtime. For example, the storage of RDF data in various ways significantly affects the data storage space required and the query runtime performance. The type of indexing approach used in RDF engines is key for fast data lookup. The type of the underlying querying language (e.g., SPARQL or SQL) used for query execution is a key optimization component of the RDF storage solutions. Finally, query execution involving different join orders significantly affects the query response time. This paper provides a comprehensive review of centralized and distributed RDF engines in terms of storage, indexing, language support, and query execution.
ASSURED-SQVM Diagnostics for COVID-19: Addressing the Why, When, Where, Who, What and How of Testing
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Iyer Suri S.
Published: June 2020

COVID-19, the disease caused by the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has caused significant human and economic burden. Of the three major methods to mitigate the effect of the virus, diagnostics have become the focal point because vaccines and therapeutics, despite the intense effort of scientists worldwide, will take months to develop, test for safety and efficacy, scaleup and distribute to millions. This perspective aims to clarify some of the issues related to COVID-19 diagnostics and highlights some of the challenges key stakeholders including policymakers, businesses, managers, scientists and individuals face during this evolving pandemic.
Neonatal COVID 19 Pneumonia: Report of the First Case in a Preterm Neonate in Mayotte, an Overseas Department of France
Authors: Abasse Soumeth , Essabar Leila , Costin Tereza , Mahistra Voninavoko , Kaci Mohamed , Braconnier Axelle , Serhal Roger , Collet Louis , Fayssoil Abdallah
Published: June 2020

We report the first case of COVID 19 pneumonia in a preterm neonate in Mayotte, an overseas department of France. The respiratory distress with typical thoracic imaging lesions appears at 14 days of life. This case-report emphasizes the need for a cautious and close up follow-up for asymptomatic neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 infection. Vertical transmission cannot be excluded in this case.
A Logarithmic Turbulent Heat Transfer Model in Applications with Liquid Metals for PR = 0.01-0.025
Authors: Da Vià Roberto , Manservisi Sandro , Giovacchini Valentina
Published: June 2020

The study of turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal flows has gained interest because of applications in several industrial fields. The common assumption of similarity between the dynamical and thermal turbulence, namely the Reynolds analogy, has been proven to be not valid for these fluids. Many methods have been proposed in order to overcome the difficulties encountered in a proper definition of the turbulent heat flux, such as global or local correlations for the turbulent Prandtl number or four parameter turbulence models. In this work we assess a four parameter logarithmic turbulence model for liquid metals based on RANS approach. Several simulation results considering fluids with Pr = 0.01 and Pr = 0.025 are reported in order to show the validity of this approach. The Kays turbulence model is also assessed and compared with integral heat transfer correlations for a wide range of Peclet numbers.
Accreditation Process and Outcomes: Experience of The University of Tripoli Alahlia, Libya
Authors: Atia Ahmed , Elfard Salem , Idbeaa Tarik , Enjim Sheren
Published: June 2020

Background and objectives: Quality assurance and institutional accreditation in education is becoming of paramount importance. This study aims to assess the impacts of the accreditation process of the National Center for Quality Assurance and Accreditation (NCAAA) on the quality of education in one of private university in Libya. Methods: The research adopts a descriptive study design in University of Tripoli Alahlia (UTA) where an official accreditation process was completed by the NCQAA during 2017-2019. Data were collected using the self-study report that produced by the NCQAA accreditation committee during the accreditation process, and were retrieved in specific data collection sheet by one of the authors. Results: The NCQAA accreditation process that lasted about 4 years brought significant changes in the educational progressions and made the staff members more aware of quality issues in education. Our findings also reported significant improvements in the quality of education in the university. Conclusions: The process of NCQAA accreditation conducted in UTA has been positively improved the quality of education. Data from other institutions would also expressively increase the relevance and rationality of the study.
Is Novel Coronavirus Novel: Covid-19, A Pandemic or An Endemic?
Authors: Banerjee Sangam
Published: June 2020

We have analysed the death and recovery rate of Covid-19 disease progression. From the analysis, we have argued that the pandemic is over in certain countries (labelled as group-A) and for other countries (labelled as group-B) the disease appears to remain as endemic. Taking into account the serological survey (sero-survey) test results obtained by certain groups and comparing it with herd immunity threshold value one can infer that the low number of infection for group-B is either due to acquired immunity by some previous infection by other coronavirus or due to innate immunity towards this infection. This effect is stronger for group-B to slow the progress of the disease to such an extent resulting in flattening of the disease progression curve compared to group-A.
From Extracellular Vesicles to Global Environment: A Cosmopolite SARS-Cov-2 Virus
Authors: Kralj-Iglič Veronika , Dahmane Raja , Griessler Bulc Tjaša , Trebše Polonca , Battelino Saba , Bavcon Kralj Mojca , Benčina Metka , Bohinc Klemen , Božič Darja , Debeljak Mojca , Dolinar Drago , Iglič Aleš , Istenič Darja , Jan Zala , Jenko Monika , Jeran Marko , Jereb Gregor , Jevšnik Mojca , Krivograd Klemenčič Aleksandra , Lampe Tomaž , Milisav Irina , Oarga-Mulec Andreea , Ovca Andrej , Poljšak Borut , Prosenc Franja , Romolo Anna , Resnik Nina , Sotler Robert , Šoštarič Anja , Šuštar Vid , Šunta Urška , Štibler Urška , Uršič Bojana , Vozel Domen
Published: June 2020

Within the micro and nano world, tiny membrane-enclosed bits of material are more or less free to move and act as communication tools within cells, between cells, between different tissues and between organisms in global environment. Based on the mechanism of membrane budding and vesiculation that includes all types of cells, in this review, we attempted to present a review on SARS-CoV-2 virus actions in compartments of different scales (cells and their surroundings, tissues, organisms and society). Interactions of the virus with cells on a molecular level, with neural system, endothelium, hematopoietic system, gastrointestinal system and genitourinary system. Transmission route between organisms and between mother and fetus are considered. Also, transmission of virus through contact with materials and with environment, the suggested measures to prevent contamination with the virus and to support the organism against the disease are given.
Lower Thiol, Glutathione, and Glutathione Peroxidase Levels in Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Sajjaboontawee Nattanan , Supasitthumrong Thitiporn , Tunvirachaisakul Chavit , Nantachai Kanyapak , Snabboon Thiti , Reiche Edna Maria Vissoci , Simão Andréa Name Colado , Maes Michael
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Lowered thiol or sulfhydryl (-SH) groups and glutathione (GSH) metabolism may be associated with prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The main objectives of this study were to systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence on the associations among -SH groups, GSH, GSH peroxidase (GPx), GSH reductase (GR) and GSH transferase (GST) and PCa/BPH. Methods: Four electronic databases were searched for studies that reported -SH and GSH variables in PCa/BPH and healthy controls (HC) and the data were meta-analyzed by calculating Hedges’s g with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Twenty studies were included in this meta-analysis including 800 PCa and 791 BPH patients and 592 HC. Total -SH (g=-1.750, -2.341/-1.159), GPx (g=-0.789, -1.234/-0.344), GSH (g=-2.219, -4.132/-0.305), and the combination of -SH, GPx, and GSH (g=-1.271, -1.271/-0.800) were significantly lower in PCa patients than in HC. -SH (g=-1.752, -3.123/-0.381) and the combination of -SH, GPx, and GSH (g=-0.813, -1.298/-0.327) were significantly lower in BPH patients than in HC. GPx was significantly lower in PCa than in BPH patients (g=-0.455, -0.896/-0.014). Heterogeneity levels were very high, but Egger’s test showed that none of the biomarkers showed significant publication bias. Conclusion: Thiol/GPx antioxidant defenses are significantly attenuated in patients with PCa while patients with BPH occupy an intermediate risk group position between PCa patients and HC. Those results suggest that reduced thiol-related antioxidant mechanisms play a crucial role in prostatic disorders, especially in PCa. Future research should examine whether thiols/GPx antioxidants are associated with the onset of PCa/BHP.
Identification of Glucogenic Amino Acids Content in Gliricidia maculata as an Alternative Energy Source for High-Yielding Periparturient Dairy Cows
Authors: Astuti SW Sulvia Dwi , Widyobroto Budi Prasetyo , Agus Ali , Yusiati Lies Mira
Published: June 2020

Gliricidia maculata which has long been used as a forage for animal feed may contain a variety of glucogenic amino acids variants. The objective of this study was to identify the glucogenic amino acids content in Gliricidia maculata as an alternative source of energy for high-yielding periparturient dairy cows. The samples were the edible portion of plants, harvested randomly at the optimal cutting age (80 days), from the feed plant collection garden of The Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Lyophilization was carried out by drying the samples at 55°C for 3 x 24 hours continouesly in a Sanyo Drying Oven MOV-112. Pulverization was done by the Foss Tecator CyclotecTM 1093 Sample Mill with 300 mesh (1 mm screen). The hydrolysis of amino acid was carried out using HCl solution while amino acid derivatization used O-phtalaldehyde (OPA) solution. Separation, determination, and quantification of amino acid were carried out by an analytical method in gradient elution using the Thermo ScientificTM DionexTM UltiMateTM 3000 UHPLC Systems with Rapid Separation Fluorescence Detector. Result showed there were at least fourteen kinds of amino acids identified from the samples, i.e.: aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, histidine, glycine, arginine, alanine, tyrosin, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine and lysine. Gliricidia maculata contains 1349 ppm glucogenic amino acids, 412.7 ppm ketogenic amino acids and 444.7 ppm glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids. Moreover, there were three types of glucogenic amino acids with the highest concentration were serine (288.7 ppm), glutamic acid (245.5 ppm) and phenylalanine (197.1 ppm) respectively. Glucogenic amino acids can be used as an energy source for dairy cows through gluconeogenesis. This study suggests that Gliricidia maculata may use to supply the precursors of energy for high-yielding periparturient dairy cows to prevent ketosis.
The Effect of Choline Chloride Supplementation on the Reproductive Performance of Simmental Bulls Fed Protected Protein in the Ration
Authors: Prasetiyono Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko , Ondho Yon Soepri , Subrata Agung , Pratiwi Pramesti Kusuma , Zahra Mutiara Briliana , Itmamulwafa Trisna , Pratiwi Tertyani Kartika , Nisa Muslichatun , Widiyanto Widiyanto
Published: June 2020

SOYXYL supplementation as a source of high-quality protected protein in rumen (Rumen Protected Protein) has proven to improve reproduction performance of bulls. The SOYXYL is an extrusion product of soybean (Glycine max) as a source of rumen protected protein. The potential of the protein supplementation is maximally expressed when it is supported by sufficient of metabolic rate. In this case the choline chloride supplementation increases the metabolic rate. The aim of the research was to analyze the effect of choline chloride supplementation on reproduction performance and hematologic status related to reproduction performance of bulls fed protected protein in the ration. The materials used were 12 bulls aged 5 years having weight of 700 ± 2.75 kg that were divided into 4 treatment groups, each of which consisted of 3 heads. The treatments applied were T0 (control): ration (grass + commercial concentrate) + protected protein supplement “SOYXYL”; T1: control + choline chloride 0.145% dry matter (DM) concentrate/head/day; T2: control + choline chloride 0.290% DM concentrate/head/day; T3: control + choline chloride 0.435% DM concentrate/head/day. Variables measured were nutrient consumption, blood lipid status, blood protein status, and reproduction performance. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in a completely randomized design and statistically processed using SAS program. The result showed that choline chloride supplementation by 0.435% from DM concentrate increased (p<0.05) the concentration of blood plasma protein, blood testosterone hormone, sperm concentration, and sperm motility from 6.44 g/dL, 4.66 ng/mL, 1006.74 million/mL, and 36.00%, respectively, in T0 to be 8.57 g/dL, 9.07 ng/ml, 1270.41 million/mL, and 70.00% in T3, respectively. The choline chloride supplementation up to 0.435% from DM concentrate to bulls supplemented with protected protein containing in the ration increased reproduction performance.