bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Early Loading of Different Surface Modified Implants: A Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Körmöczi Kinga , György Komlós , Petra Papócsi , Ferenc Horváth , Árpád Joób-Fancsaly
Published: September 2020

The early loading of different surface treated dental implants is compared in our clinical study. Patients were selected from the outpatient ward of the Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology at the Semmelweis University. The secondary stability, that evolved after 6 weeks of healing, was measured on acid etched/sand blasted (SLA) and bio-hydroxyapatite coated implants. Osstell® and Periotest® were applied to determine this value. Periodontal probing depth appearing after 3 months of loading was checked on 6 points next to the implant supported prosthesis. Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney tests have been chosen to fulfil the statistical analysis. According to our results, a similar satisfying secondary stability can be obtained independently of the modality of the surface. The values were higher in the bio-hydroxyapatite group; however, this difference was not significant. The outcome of measuring the probing depth reflects the importance of frequent recalls of patients. The necessary ethical approval for our study has been provided by the National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition (reference number: OGYÉI/55197/2019 ).
Digital Three-Dimensional Visualization of Intrabony Periodontal Defects for Surgical Planning (Pilot Case Study)
Authors: Palkovics Daniel , Mangano Francesco Guido , Nagy Katalin , Windisch Peter
Published: September 2020

Background: In the regenerative treatment of intrabony periodontal defects, surgical strategies are determined by defect morphologies. Clinical direct measurements and intraoral radiographs are the main tools in periodontal diagnostics and surgical planning, however in certain cases they don’t provide sufficient amount of information. Therefore, the application of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in diagnosis and treatment planning of periodontally involved patients has been proposed. The aim of this study is to present a novel method for 3D visualization of intrabony periodontal defects on digital models reconstructed from CBCT datasets for diagnostics and treatment planning.Methods: 4 patients with a total of 6 intrabony periodontal defects were enrolled in the present study. 2 months following initial periodontal treatment CBCT scan is taken. Radiographic image processing (segmentation) of CBCT datasets were performed in a radiographic imaging software to acquire anatomically accurate, virtual three-dimensional polygon models of surgical areas. Intrasurgical and digital measurements were taken, and results were compared, to validate the accuracy of digital models.Results: Difference between intrasurgical- and digital measurements in depth and width of intrabony components of periodontal defects were 0,31±0,21 mm and 0,41±0,44 mm respectively.Conclusion: It can be concluded that, the described digital workflow is useful in the treatment of certain periodontal intrabony defect morphologies. However, to determine the exact use cases of such technology further studies and examination is necessary.Trial Registration: Retrospective Ethics Approval
Validation and Comparison of [18F]NaF PET/CT Analysis Methods and Derivation of a Semi-population Input Function for Site Specific Measurements of Bone Formation in a Population with Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral and Bone Disorder
Authors: Vrist Marie Houmaa , Bech Jesper Nørgaard , Lauridsen Thomas Guldager , Fynbo Claire Anne , Theil Jørn
Published: September 2020

BackgroundMethods for assessing bone metabolism which can replace the gold standard bone biopsy are sorely needed in the clinical setting in patients with chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). The aim of the present study was implementation, validation and comparison of non-invasive dynamic and static whole-body (WB) [18F]NaF PET/CT scan methods to replace invasive bone biopsy, used for quantitative analysis of bone clearance in CKD-MBD patients.MethodsSeventeen patients with CKD-MBD underwent a 60-minute dynamic scan followed by a 30-minute static WB scan. Tracer kinetics in four thoracic vertebrae were analyzed using non-linear regression with the Hawkins model and two different Patlak-analysis methods using image-derived arterial input functions obtained from the left myocardial ventricle and the thoracic aorta. For future use in WB PET/CT scans, we validated the use of a semi-population input function. The resulting kinetic parameters (Ki, K1, k2, k3, k4, V0) were compared between the different methods of analysis using the various derived input functions.ResultsDynamic kinetic results from both standard and single-point Patlak analyses correlate well with non-linear regression analysis, but Ki results using Patlak analysis are generally lower for all tested input functions compared to regression analysis. Single-point Patlak analysis on WB scans correlates well with standard Patlak analysis on dynamic scans but show 13-21% higher Ki-values. ConclusionsOur results show good correlation between dynamic and static analysis of skeletal plasma clearance but different Ki-values depending on the analysis method and choice of input function used. Thus, WB [18F]NaF PET/CT scans can be applied in future studies, but the results should not be compared uncritically with results obtained using non-linear regression analysis.
Comparative Microsomal Proteomics of A Model Lung Cancer Cell Line NCI-H23 Reveals Distinct Differences Between Molecular Profiles of 3D and 2D Cultured Cells
Authors: Blonder Josip , Kaczmarczyk Jan A. , Roberts Rhonda R. , Luke Brian T. , Chan King C. , Wagoner Carly M. Van , Felder Robin A. , Saul Richard G. , Simona Colantonio
Published: September 2020

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the USA and worldwide. Yet, about 95% of new drug candidates validated in preclinical phase eventually fail in clinical trials. Such a high attrition rate is attributed mostly to the inability of conventional two-dimensionally (2D) cultured cancer cells to mimic native three-dimensional (3D) growth of malignant cells in human tumors. Thus, it is expected that 3D cell culture systems would more accurately represent the phenotype of cancer cells growing in tumors. To ascertain phenotypical differences between these two distinct culture conditions, we carried out a comparative proteomic analysis of membrane fraction obtained from 3D- and 2D-cultured NSCLC model cell line NCI-H23. Methods: Global shotgun membrane (SGM) proteomics that relies on strong cation exchange (SCX)-based peptide fractionation and accurate-mass, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HR/AM LC-MS) was employed to analyze microsomal fractions obtained from the NCI-H23 cells grown in both 2D and 3D culture conditions. Results: Comparative proteomics revealed a map of 1,166 (24%) nonredundant protein species regulated in culture dependent manner in NCI-H23 cell line. Of these, a subset of 234 (i.e., 21 %) proteins were found significantly dysregulated (p-value ≤ 0.05) under both culture conditions whereas a total of 334 (27.8%) and 598 (51,2%) proteins were uniquely identified in 3D and 2D culture, respectively. The Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed extensive metabolic changes and differential regulation of a subset of CD molecules in culture-dependent manner. Using western blotting we verified exclusive 3D-culture expression of CD99, CD146 and CD239, involved in development of malignant stroma extracellular matrix, neo-angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, using label-free quantitation we unambiguously confirmed upregulation of wild type and monoallelic KRas4B G12C mutant in 3D cultured NCI-H23 cells, targeting exclusively proteoform-specific tryptic peptides. Conclusions: In this study we generated a large-scale proteomic resource/atlas of a preclinical testing model NCI-H23 cell line grown in 3D- and 2D-culture, providing insight into phenotypical/proteomic changes unique to each culture type, that would not have been discovered using only conventional 2D-culture. To reduce high attrition rate of new drug candidates it is critical to profile a large number of patient-derived NSCLC cell lines.
Using Genetics to Inform The Role of Hemostatic Factors in COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Schooling CM , Yeung SL Au , Zhao JV
Published: September 2020

Background: Severe corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) is challenging to treat as it presents with thrombotic as well as inflammatory features. Specifically, endothelial cells are thought to be damaged in COVID-19. Here we assessed whether key druggable targets related to endothelial function, i.e., nitric oxide and platelets, are affected specifically in severe COVID-19, using a Mendelian randomization study.Methods: We compared genetically predicted circulating nitric oxide, proxied by three relevant NOS3 functional variants (rs2070744, rs1799983 and rs3918226), and genetically predicted platelets, proxied by a functional variant related to platelet reactivity from GRK5 (rs10886430) and by platelet count (based on 243 variants), because they share a phenotype, in people with severe COVID-19 with the general population (cases=536, non-cases=329,391) largely based on studies from Northern Europe. We made a similar comparison for any COVID-19. Results: Nitric oxide was inversely associated with severe COVID-19 (odds ratio (OR) 0.84 per raising allele, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75 to 0.95), but was not associated with any COVID-19. Associations of both platelet reactivity and platelet count with severe COVID-19 were in a harmful direction (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.50 and OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.56 respectively) with combined OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.42, but associations with any COVID-19 were null.Conclusions: Genetic validation of the role of nitric oxide and possibly of platelets in specifically severe COVID-19 suggests they could be targets of intervention for which well-established treatments exist.
Comparison of the Effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion vs Twin Block Appliance on Mandibular Growth in Skeletal Class II Patients.
Authors: Zhang Jia-Nan , Chen Si , Huang Cheng-Yi , Zhong Chong , Jin Jing , Yu Feng-Yang , Zhang Zan-Zan , Lu Hai-Ping
Published: September 2020

Background: This is a retrospective study that compares mandibular growth changes in skeletal Class II patients treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and following fixed appliance with those patients treated by Twin-Block (TB) and following fixed appliance. Methods: Fourteen patients treated by RME and following fixed appliance were included into the RME group. Fifteen patients treated by Twin-Block and following fixed appliance were included into the TB group. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken before treatment and immediately after fixed appliance treatment were used to evaluate mandibular growth effects. Results: The starting forms of the patients in the two groups were examined to be of good comparability. The mandibular length increased significantly in both groups as measured by Co-Gn, Go-Gn and Ar-Gn, but the TB group didn’t show more mandibular growth than the RME group (P>0.05). Skeletal changes of the mandible in vertical dimension were different in the two groups. The change in FMA was 0.35° in the RME group, while the change was 2.65° in the TB group (P<0.001). The change in LAFH was 5.14mm in the RME group, significantly smaller than the change of 10.19mm in the TB group (P<0.001).Conclusions: The investigated Phase I treatment with RME followed by Phase II treatment of fixed appliance achieved the same increases in sagittal mandibular growth and facial profile improvements as the Twin-Block therapy. The treatment with RME followed by fixed appliance was better for vertical control, while the treatment with Twin-Block followed by fixed appliance significantly increased the mandibular plane angle.
Level of pain and physical function in patient with chronic knee pain visiting Dhulikhel hospital: A cross sectional study
Authors: Kandel Binaya , Badal Surakshya
Published: September 2020

Background

Knee pain is one of the common causes of chronic pain mainly in the older adults.Chronic knee pain (CKP) is commonly due to arthritic changes (osteoarthritis). Chronic knee pain is a common and major health problem in ageing population. Knee pain is associated with high levels of disability. So early detection and treatment of pain related functional limitation is likely to have major influence on healthy ageing. The general objective of this study was to quantify the level of pain and physical function in patient with CKP.
Methods

Preliminary screening of population with chronic knee pain was taken and cross sectional descriptive study was done. Questionnaire with inclusion criteria was fulfilled with administration of Nepali version of Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Nepali version of Patient Specific Functional Scale on interview as well as self-report basis and the data was managed by SPSS version 23.
Results

75.6% of female with chronic knee pain was found with the average pain level found to be 5 in N-NPRS scale.Among them 80.8% of chronic knee pain was due to knee osteoarthritis. Sitting function was found to be affected in 82.1% of population with mean Nepali version of Patient specific functional Scale score of 2. Similarly 80.8% reported going downstairs to be difficult due to knee pain with N-PSFS score of 2.
Conclusion

Pain and functional disability are the principle findings in patient with chronic knee pain for which they seek medical treatment .So the treatments should target on functional task with effective strategy. addressing disability. Focus on function is important for the development of optimal rehabilitation programs in patients with chronic knee pain.
High levels of low back disability, but not low back pain intensity, are associated with reduced physical activity: a community-based, cross-sectional study
Authors: Alyousef Bothaina , Kazemi Zeinab , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Heritier Stephane , Wang Yuanyuan , Urquhart Donna M.
Published: September 2020

Background

Although clinical guidelines recommend physical activity for low back pain (LBP), our understanding of the physical activity undertaken by people with LBP is limited. We examined the amounts, intensities and types of physical activity performed by community-based women with different levels of pain and disability.
Methods

542 women were invited to participate. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and LBP and disability were assessed using the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire. Participants were categorised into no/low or high pain intensity and disability groups.
Results

Women with high levels of back disability performed half the total physical activity of those with no/low levels of back disability (MET(hours/week): median(95%CI) = 27.3(13.2–41.4) vs. 53.9(44.9–62.8),p = 0.002), including less moderate (17.5(10.4–24.7) vs. 32.1(26.8–37.4),p < 0.001) and domestic and gardening activity (14.4(7.2–21.7) vs. 23.5(19.0–28.0), p = 0.02). Moreover, fewer women with high disability participated in vigorous (3(8.11%) vs. 134(32.0%),OR(95%CI) = 0.17(0.04–0.75),p = 0.02) and leisure activities (17(45.9%) vs. 294(70.2%),OR(95% CI) = 0.44(0.21–0.94),p = 0.03) compared to those with no/low disability. There were no differences in physical activity between women with no/low and high pain intensity (all p > 0.05).
Conclusion

High levels of back disability, but not back pain intensity, were associated with reduced physical activity, including less total activity, moderate and vigorous intense activity, and discretionary activity. Further work is needed to determine whether targeting these types and intensities of physical activity will help in improving physical activity levels and reducing back disability.
Incidence, risk factors, and causes of maternal near-miss admitted to the intensive care unit in Yangzhou, China: A 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Chen Ying , Shi Jiaoyang , Zhu Yuting , Kong Xiang , Lu Yang , Chu Yanru , Mishu Miskatul Mustafa
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe maternal near-miss (MNM) criterion formulated by the WHO can dynamically evaluate the obstetric quality and maternal health in medical institutions. The study aims to explore the incidence, risk factors, and causes of MNM cases admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) within 5 years.MethodsThis study is a retrospective study. The data of MNM admitted to the ICU comes from the medical records of Subei People's Hospital in Yangzhou from 2015 to 2019. The study subjects meet at least one World Health Organization (WHO) criterion of MNM. The MNM who had not been admitted to the ICU in the same year served as the control group. We use descriptive analysis, Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test for data analysis.Results151 women met the WHO criteria of MNM and there was one maternal death in 2016. The average maternal near-miss rate（MNMR）for ICU admission was 3.5 per 1,000LBs, and the average MNM morbidity was 0.36%. The average maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was 5 per 100,000LBs. The 5-year research period witnessed moderate growth in MNM admitted to the ICU. The region, referral, gravidity, prenatal examination, and mode of delivery were significantly related to the MNM admitted to the ICU(p<0.05). Concerning neonatal characteristics, there is a significant difference in preterm birth rate and low Apgar scores at 1 min and 5 min(p<0.05). The direct obstetric causes were the primary cause of MNM, regardless of the ICU admission. The leading direct obstetric causes of MNM admitted to the ICU were obstetric hemorrhage diseases(38.8%)，following hypertension diseases(18.8%), while the leading indirect obstetric cause of MNM admitted to the ICU was heart-related diseases (7.2%). MNM for the ICU admission were mostly postpartum (96.9%), who underwent multiple interventions.ConclusionsICU is one of the most important endpoints of MNM management. In the context of "universal two-child", medical institutions should strengthen multidisciplinary joint treatment. In the future, it needs to be expanded to multi-center research to determine the criteria for MNM admitted to the ICU.
Identification and Validation of a Five-gene Signature Associated with Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Li Chen , Chen Tong , Zhang Hanwen , Liu Ying , Han Dianwen , Li Yaming , Li Zheng , Luo Dan , Zhang Ning , Chen Bing , Wang Lijuan , Zhao Wenjing , Yang Qifeng
Published: September 2020

Background

Recent years, attributed to early detection and new therapies, the mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) decreased. Nevertheless, the global prevalence was still high and the underlying molecular mechanisms were remained largely unknown. The investigation of prognosis-related genes as the novel biomarkers for diagnosis and individual treatment had become an urgent demand for clinical practice.
Methods

Gene expression profiles and clinical information of breast cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and randomly divided into training (n = 514) and internal validation (n = 562) cohort by using a random number table. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were estimated by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. In the training set, the gene signature was constructed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method based on DEGs screened by R packages. The results were further tested in the internal validation cohort and the entire cohort. Moreover, functions of five genes were explored by MTT, Colony-Formation, scratch and transwell assays. Western blot analysis was used to explore the mechanisms.
Results

In the training cohort, a total of 2805 protein coding DEGs were acquired through comparing breast cancer tissues (n = 514) with normal tissues (n = 113). A risk score formula involving five novel prognostic associated biomarkers (EDN2, CLEC3B, SV2C, WT1 and MUC2) were then constructed by LASSO. The prognostic value of the risk model was further confirmed in the internal validation set and the entire set. To explore the biological functions of the selected genes, in vitro assays were performed, indicating that these novel biomarkers could markedly influence breast cancer progression.
Conclusion

We established a predictive five-gene signature, which could be helpful for prognosis assessment and personalized management in breast cancer patients.
Diel cycle of sea spray aerosol concentration over vast areas of the tropical Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Flores J. Michel , Bourdin Guillaume , Kostinski Alexander , Altaratz Orit , Dagan Guy , Lombard Fabien , Haëntjens Nils , Boss Emmanuel , Sullivan Matthew , Gorsky Gabriel , Lang-Yona Naama , Trainic Miri , Romac Sarah , Voolstra Christian , Rudich Yinon , Vardi Assaf , Koren Ilan
Published: September 2020

Ocean-atmosphere interactions such as sea spray aerosol (SSA) formation have a major role in the climate system, but a global-scale assessment of this micro-scale process is highly challenging. We measured high-resolution temporal patterns of SSA number concentration over the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean covering 42,000 km of open ocean waters. We discovered a ubiquitous 24-hour rhythm to the number concentration, clearly seen for particle diameters > ~ 0.58 µm, with spikes at dawn and drops at dusk throughout the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea, showing more than doubling of the SSA number concentration during the day than at night. No correlation with surface winds, atmospheric radiation, pollution nor oceanic physical properties were found. Instead, parallel diel patterns in particle sizes detected in near-surface waters, attributed to variations in the size of particles smaller than ~ 1 µm, point to microbial day-to-night modulation of bubble-bursting dynamics as the cause of the SSA cycle.
Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Somatic Mutations Associated With Lung Cancer Metastasis to the Brain
Authors: Liu Zhenghao , Zheng Meiguang , Lei Bingxi , Zhou Zhiwei , Huang Yutao , Li Wenpeng , Chen Qinbiao , Li Pengcheng , Deng Yuefei
Published: September 2020

Background: Lung cancer is the most aggressive cancer which representing one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths, and metastatic spread accounts for >70% of these deaths, especially brain metastasis. Metastasis associated mutations are important biomarkers for metastasis prediction and outcome improvement. Methods: In this study, we applied whole-exome sequencing to identify potential metastasis related mutation in 12 paired lung cancer and brain metastasis samples. Results: We identified 1,702 SNVs and 6,131 mutation events in 1,220 genes. Furthermore, we identified several lung cancer metastases associated genes (KMT2C, AHNAK2). A mean of 3.1 driver gene mutation events per tumor with the dN/dS of 2.13 indicating a significant enrichment for cancer driver gene mutations. Mutation spectrum analysis found lung-brain metastasis samples have more similar Ti/Tv(transition/transversion) profile with brain cancer in which C>T transitions are more frequently while lung cancer has more C>A transversion. We also found the most important tumor onset and metastasis pathways such as chronic myeloid leukemia, ErbB signaling pathway and glioma pathway. Finally, we identified a significant survival associated mutation gene ERF in both TCGA (P=0.01) and our dataset (P=0.012). Conclusion: In summary, we conducted a pairwise lung-brain metastasis based exome-wide sequencing and identified some novel metastasis related mutations which provided potential biomarkers for prognosis and targeted therapeutics.
Expression Profile of Peripheral Immune Cells-derived Coding and Long Non-coding RNAs in Patients With Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Ni Yao , Liu Fangyuan , Hu Xiao , Qin Yingyan , Zhang Zhaotian
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Peripheral immune response has been revealed to play a critical role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). However, the reliable immune-related factors that are acting as prognostic indicators or therapeutic targets for PVR remain to explore further.Methods: In the current study, we applied whole-transcriptome sequencing to profile peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PVR patients and also analyzed lncRNA-mRNA interactions in peripheral immune cells to explore the pathways that might mediate immunopathology and resultant retinal damage in PVR. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were employed to classify the function of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs).Results: Compared to the controls, there were 319 genes upregulated, and 191 genes downregulated in PVR patients. GO, and KEGG enrichment analyses as well as IPA showed that these upregulated genes were significantly enriched in immune-related and infection-relate terms. Immune-related gene NFKBIA, CXCL2, and CXCL8 were detected as hub-genes in the co-expression network, while lncRNAs such as AC007032.1, AC037198.2, AL929472.2, and SLED1 were highly co-expressed with them. lncRNA-mRNA interactions analysis also showed that putative targeted genes of these differentially expressed lncRNAs were also significantly enriched in immune-related or infection-relate pathways.Conclusion: Our study highlights the transformation of immune-related genes/pathways in PVR by comparing controls, and validates several critical genes and lncRNAs, which are serving as potential diagnostic markers for PVR patients.
Characteristics of Hospital Differences in Missing of Clinical Laboratory Test Results in a Multi-hospital Observational Database Contributing to MID-NET® in Japan
Authors: Komamine Maki , Fujimura Yoshiaki , Nitta Yasuharu , Omiya Masatomo , Doi Masaaki , Sato Tosiya
Published: September 2020

Background: In Japan, a multiple-hospital observational database system, the Medical Information Database Network (MID-NET®), was launched for post-marketing drug safety assessments. These assessments will be based on datasets with missing laboratory results. The characteristics of missing data considering hospital differences have not been evaluated. We assessed the missing proportion and the association between missingness and a factor through case studies using a database system, a part of MID-NET®.Methods: Seven scenarios using laboratory results before the prescription of the assessed drug as baseline covariates and data from 10 hospitals of Tokushukai Medical Group were used. The missing proportion and the association between missingness and patient background were investigated per hospital. The associations were assessed using the log of adjusted odds ratio (log-aOR). Additionally, an ad hoc survey was conducted to explore other factors affecting the missingness.Results: For some laboratory tests, missing proportions varied among hospitals, such as 7.4%–44.4% of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and 8.1%–31.2% of triglyceride (TG) among statin users. The association between missingness and affecting factors also differed among hospitals for some factors; example, the log-aOR of hospitalization associated with missingness of TG was -0.41 (95% CI, -1.06 to 0.24) in hospital 3 and 1.84 (95% CI, 1.34 to 2.34) in hospital 4. In the ad hoc survey focusing on ALP, hospital-dependent differences in the ordering system settings were observed.Conclusions: Hospital differences in missing data appeared in some laboratory tests in our multi-hospital observational database, which could be attributed to the affecting factors, including the patient background.
Does a Husband's Education Matter in Antenatal Care Visits Involvement?: Study on the Poor in Indonesia
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Matahari Ratu
Published: September 2020

Background: The husband's involvement in ANC is a form of the husband's responsibility for his wife's health. This study aims to analyze the effect of the husband's education level on the husband's involvement in ANC visits among the poor in Indonesia.Methods: The study employed the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey data. The unit of analysis was poor coupled with wives aged 15-49 years old and had been pregnant for the past five years. Samples of 6,414 couple were obtained. Besides the husband's education, other independent variables analyzed in this study were of the place of residence, age, occupation, and wife’s parity. A binary logistic regression test was occupied in the final stage.Results: The results showed that husbands who had primary education were 1.470 times more likely than no education husbands for husband's involvement in ANC visit. Husbands who have secondary education were likely 2.129 times compared to no education husband for husband's involvement. Meanwhile, a husband who has a higher education was probably 3.618 times compared to no education husband for husband's involvement. In addition to the education level, 3 other variables proved to be significantly influential on the husband's involvement in ANC visits among the people in Indonesia, namely place of residence, occupation, and wife’s parity.Conclusion: The husband's education level was a determinant of the husband's involvement in ANC visits among the poor in Indonesia. The better the education level, the more likely it is that husband's involvement in the ANC visit.
Prognostic Accuracy of the Afterload-related Cardiac Performance for 7-day Mortality Among Critical Ill Patients With Septic Shock
Authors: Chen Wei-yan , Tao Li-li , Xu Qi , Wei Xing , Chen Min-sheng
Published: September 2020

BackgroundSeptic patients with cardiac impairment are with high mortality. Afterload-related cardiac performance (ACP), as a new tool for diagnostic septic cardiomyopathy (SCM), still needs to be evaluated its impact on the prognosis for patients with septic shock. MethodsIn this observational retrospective study, 119 patients with septic shock undertaken PiCCO monitoring were evaluated for the effects of ACP on 7-day mortality, ICU mortality and hospital mortality. The ability of ACP, cardiac index (CI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to discriminate between survivors and non-survivors was tested by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) analysis. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of ACP with 7-day mortality. Curve estimation was used to describe the relationship between hazard ratio (HR) of death and ACP.ResultsACP assessed at 12 hours (ACP12h) after septic shock [AUROC 0.86 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.93), P < 0.001] demonstrated significantly greater discrimination for 7-day mortality than CI [AUROC 0.67 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.78), P = 0.001 ] and LVEF [AUROC 0.53 (95% CI 0.43 to 0.64), P = 0.58] (all P < 0.001). Similarly, when adjusted with gender, APACHEII score, VIS and MAP as possible confounders, ACP12h still outperformed both CI12h and LVEF for discrimination of 7-day mortality (both P < 0.001). The superior discriminatory performance of ACP12h over both CI12h and LVEF was further maintained when considering ICU mortality and hospital mortality when considered in isolation or adjusted with the baseline prediction. Compared with normal ACP, HR for slight, moderate and severe impairment were 4.84 (1.96 to 11.96), 12.13 (4.83 to 30.43) and 32.70 (7.76 to 137.86), respectively. After adjustment for risk factor, decrease ACP still associated with increasing 7-day mortality (P = 0.001). Exponential relationship was observed between ACP12h and HR of 7-day death.ConclusionsOur results suggested that ACP may serve as a new tool for diagnosing SCM. In addition, the assessment of ACP at 12 hours after septic shock in ICU significantly improves 7-day mortality, ICU mortality and hospital mortality predictions when compared to CI and LVEF.
The Effect of Distal Radius Fractures Involving Distal Radioulnar Articular Joint on Forearm Rotation
Authors: Kong Lingde , Fu Meng , Lu Jian , Zhou Yanqing , Zhang Zuzhuo , Zhang Bing
Published: September 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to predict the function of forearm rotation on basis of articular surface of sigmoid notch from three-dimensional reconstruction images. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent volar plate fixation for intra-articular distal radius fractures (DRFs) in our institution between January 2017 and July 2019. The 3D image of sigmoid notch on fractured distal radius was reconstructed and looked up from ulnar view to determine the existence of gaps or steps. Patients with or without gaps/steps on sigmoid notch were included in case group or control group respectively. The patients’ basic data and postoperative data were collected and compared. Results: A total of 81 patients were included. There were 33 patients in case group, and 48 patients in control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups at baseline. Total range of motion (ROM) of rotation in case group and control group were 130.3±6.2 degrees and 145.3±6.7 degrees respectively (P<0.001). Percentage of rotation ROM of contralateral limb in case group and control group were 72.3±3.1% and 80.7±3.6% respectively (P<0.001). VAS during forearm rotation were 2.1±0.7 in case group, which is significantly higher than that in control group (1.5±0.5, P<0.001). Conclusion: This study proposed a new method to assess the articular surface of sigmoid notch which is based on 3D reconstruction images. With the assistance of this method, we found that gaps or steps on sigmoid notch not only limit forearm pronation rotation and supination rotation, but also cause apparent wrist pain during forearm rotation movement.
P63-Negative Pulmonary NUT Carcinoma Arising in the Elderly: A Case Report.
Authors: Numakura Satoe , Saito Koji , Motoi Noriko , Mori Taisuke , Saito Yuichi , Yokote Fumi , Kanamoto Yasuyuki , Asami Momoko , Sakai Takashi , Yamauchi Yoshikane , Sakao Yukinori , Uozaki Hiroshi , Kawamura Masafumi
Published: September 2020

Background: We herein describe a rare case of primary pulmonary NUT carcinoma with unusual clinical and pathological presentations. NUT carcinoma of the lung occurs near the hilum in younger adults with severe symptoms and is positive for p63. This is the first case to show negativity for p63 and is the oldest among previously reported cases of pulmonary NUT carcinoma. Case presentation: An 82-year-old man was referred for an incidental finding of an abnormal shadow at the peripheral apex of the right lung on computed tomography for a regular follow-up examination of renal cancer. Microscopically, small cell carcinoma was initially suspected; however, immunohistochemistry was not typical. NUT carcinoma with BRD4-NUT fusion was ultimately diagnosed using a NUT monoclonal antibody, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and RNA-seq. p63 protein expression was not detected. Conclusions: NUT carcinoma is rare, but lethal, and, thus, must not be overlooked. The present case suggests the importance of NUT immunohistochemistry in cases of small round cell tumors without clear lineage-specific differentiation, regardless of age, clinical symptoms, the tumor location, or p63 expression.
Perception of and Anxiety About COVID-19 Infection and Risk Behaviors for Spreading Infection: An International Comparison
Authors: Shiina Akihiro , Niitsu Tomihisa , Kobori Osamu , Idemoto Keita , Hashimoto Tasuku , Sasaki Tsuyoshi , Igarashi Yoshito , Shimizu Eiji , Nakazato Michiko , Hashimoto Kenji , Iyo Masaomi
Published: September 2020

Background: To control the spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 infection's disease (COVID-19), appropriate precautionary behaviors by the public should be promoted. We have been concerned about the differences among countries regarding the populations' cognitional and behavioral patterns as well as attitudes toward information sources in relation to the anxiety about the COVID-19 pandemic because knowing these differences will contribute to our understanding of the patterns of epidemic-related anxiety and behaviors, and it will help optimize future policies for preventing the second wave of the epidemic.Methods: To examine the differences among countries in their residents' perception, attitude, and precautionary behaviors toward COVID-19, we conducted a cross-sectional study through an online questionnaire survey. Adults who had been registered in Cross Marketing Inc. and living in the UK, Spain, or Japan were subjected. A total of 8,000 people stratified by age were recruited on a first-come, first-served method. Knowledge of and anxiety about COVID-19, the frequency and credibility of several information sources, and the magnitude of each precautionary behavior were examined in the questionnaire on March 27–28, 2020 in Japan and April 17–21 in the UK and Spain.Results: Compared to Japan, the knowledge and anxiety level and the frequency of precautionary behaviors were higher in the UK and Spain. Participants with infected acquaintances were more concerned about COVID-19. However, participants in the UK rarely wore a medical mask. Participants in the UK and Spain were eager to get information about COVID-19 compared to those in Japan. The participants in Spain tended not to trust official information and to believe specialists' comments instead.Conclusion: The urgency of the spread of COVID-19, cultural backgrounds, and recent political situations appear to contribute to the differences among countries revealed herein.
Strategies to Inform Innovations in Continence Care for People Living with Dementia in the Acute Hospital Setting: A Mixed Methods Narrative Synthesis Review
Authors: Edwards Deborah , Harden Jane , Jones Aled , Featherstone Katie
Published: September 2020

Background: People living with dementia are at significant risk of developing urinary and/or faecal incontinence but are also at risk of functional incontinence or being labelled as being incontinent. Despite the growing population of PLWD and importance of continence care little is known about the appropriate management, organisation, and interactional, strategies for PLWD admitted to acute hospitals. This mixed methods narrative systematic review sought to identify successful strategies across all care settings that could then be used to inform innovations in continence care for PLWD in the acute hospital setting.Methods: In phase 1 a scoping search of two electronic databases (MEDLINE and PSYCinfo) and a consultation with stakeholders was undertaken. Findings from were presented to the project steering and two priority areas for phase 2 were identified which were communication and individualised care plans. In phase 2 eight databases and relevant UK government and other organisational websites were searched for English language citations from inception to August 2020. Critical appraisal was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMA Version 11). Thematic synthesis was employed and the strength of synthesised findings for the intervention studies was assessed using the GRADE approach and the and confidence in synthesised qualitative and survey findings was assessed using the CERQual tool. Results: In phase 1, 1348 citations were found and 75 included. In phase 2, 6247 citations were found 14 research studies and 14 policy and guidance documents were included. The quality of studies varied. Material was synthesized in order to identify the facilitators and barriers around developing communication strategies and individualised management plans in response to the continence needs of PLWD.Conclusions: Recognising that PLWD are not always able to communicate their continence needs verbally is important. Incorporating interpersonal and communication skills into the context of continence care within training for those working with this patient group is crucial for continence to be maintained during an acute admission. Continence care in the acute setting should be tailored to the individual and be developed in partnership with staff and caregivers.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018119495
Tuberculosis Incidence Trends from 1990 to 2017 Highlight Impact of Drug Resistance: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Ou Zejin , He Wenqiao , Yu Danfeng , Li Yongzhi , Liang Yuanhao , Zhang Minyi , He Huan , Gao Yuhan , Wu Fei , Chen Qing
Published: September 2020

Objectives This study aimed to determine the global incidence trends of tuberculosis (TB) from 1990 to 2017.Methods Data was obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated with the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) to estimate trends in incidence of TB, including multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB).Results Globally, the number of TB cases was 8965.81×103 in 2017, with a 9.42% increase since 1990. The ASIR for TB showed a decreasing trend from 1990 to 2017 (EAPC = −1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.32 to −1.07). Meanwhile, decreasing trends were observed in 162 countries/territories, particularly in Ethiopia and China where EAPCs were −4.51 (95%CI: −5.22 to −3.80) and −4.21 (95%CI: −4.98 to −3.44), respectively. However, obvious increasing trends of MDR-TB cases occurred in areas with low and low-middle sociodemographic indexes (SDI), with EAPCs of 7.97 (95%CI: 2.47 to 13.75) and 6.30 (95%:1.17 to 11.68), respectively. The ASIR for XDR-TB showed pronounced increasing trends globally from 1991 to 2017, with an EAPC of 11.74 (95%CI: 7.50 to 16.16). The largest rising trends of XDR-TB were observed in Kyrgyzstan (EAPC = 31.06, 95%CI: 23.07 to 39.57), followed by Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan.Conclusions There was a decreasing trend for TB incidence worldwide, although it was more pronounced in specific countries and regions. However, the rapidly rising trends of MDR-TB and XDR-TB cases in low and low-middle SDI areas and countries may have an adverse impact on the global control of TB.
Femtosecond quantum dynamics of excited-state evolution of halide perovskites: Quantum chaos of molecular cations
Authors: Lee Yeonghun , Kim Hyungjun , Hong Ki-Ha , Cho Kyeongjae
Published: September 2020

The excited state quantum dynamics of the organic cation in hybrid perovskites are investigated using the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The time-dependent non-adiabatic bond fluctuation behaviors reveal that the energy relaxation follows different pathways depending on the chemical bonding characteristics and energy transfer modes within the cation molecule, which can fundamentally affect its photostability. For the ammonium-group-containing cations, such as methylammonium (MA) or ethylammonium (EA), local vibrational modes survive for a long time. However, as their lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) having π* characters, the amidinium-group-containing cations, such as formamidinium (FA) or guanidinium (GA), efficiently dissipate deposited energy via chaotic intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR). The distinct dynamic behaviors of A-site molecular cations are closely related to the quantum ergodicity, which can bring enhanced photochemical stability of FA and GA compared to MA and EA. Our theoretical investigation reveals the quantum chaos origin of better light stability of FA-based perovskites and serves the future research direction of the A-site engineering for better solar cells and light-emitting devices.
A Study to Evaluate the Accuracy, Usability, and Acceptance of a Blood-Based HIV Self-Test Performed by Observed Intended Users in Canada
Authors: Galli Richard A. , Tian Jason Lo Hog , Sumner-Williams Michelle , McBain Kristin , Stanizai Emal , Tharao Wangari , Aden Muna , Jamieson Heather , Silva Mark Da , Vassal Anne-Fanny , Guilbault Lorie , Ireland Laurie , Witges Kim , King Alexandra , Ametepee Kehinde , Lachowsky Nathan J. , Pant-Pai Nitika , Mazzulli Tony , Rourke Sean B.
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Self-Testing for HIV (“HIVST”) is an emerging targeted intervention with the potential to increase the access, uptake and frequency of HIV testing and more effectively reach the undiagnosed especially in priority populations. The study objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the INSTI HIV-Self-Test (HIV-ST) performance compared with laboratory reference testing, (2) document if intended users can perform the steps to use the HIV-ST device, and (3) document if intended users can successfully interpret contrived positive, negative, and invalid results. Study was intended to be submitted to Health Canada for review for license purposes.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design and recruited consenting adults from four community sites across Ontario, Québec, and Manitoba between August 2019 and March 2020. The results of the observed HIV-ST were compared with results of the Abbott Architect HIV Ag/Ab Combo test. Results: Primary efficacy analysis on 678 completed HIV-ST revealed a positive percent agreement of 100% and a negative percent agreement of 99.5% with the comparator method. The overall percent agreement of results interpretation between participant and observer was 93.5%. Of the 708 participants who took part in the usability study, 92.4% of participants successfully performed the steps determined to be “critical” for successful completion of the test, 96.7% of participants found the instructions easy to follow, and 95% of participants indicated that they would use the test again. Of the 404 participants who interpreted the strong positive, weak positive, negative and invalid contrived results, successful interpretation ranged from 90.6% (for weak positive) to 99.3% (for negative).Conclusions: The addition of this very first self-test into the Canadian HIV testing landscape could significantly increase HIV testing rates. An approved blood-based HIV self-test in Canada can offer an accurate, acceptable and simple alternative to facility-based HIV testing, particularly when impacted by Coronavirus pandemic restrictions.