bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Second-order cybernetics in architecture: theoretical relevance to the concept of Posi in Palopo City
Authors: Sutrisno M , Juddah S , Rahim R , Ramadhani S Q
Published: May 2021

The lack of form and meaning of buildings is a challenge for the theory and development of architecture. This study examines the relevance of cybernetics theory to the concept of Posi. The center (Posi) is the representation of the axis of equilibrium of space. The Posi concept is a local theory that is the result of the dissertation research findings on the old city space and historic building space in Palopo City. This study uses the content analysis method. Data collection and analysis process carried out qualitatively. The research paradigm obeys a rationalistic framework. The results of the study show that the concept of Posi is the axis of the system of spatial order. The second-order cybernetics of Heinz von Foerster relates to the concept of Posi. The position of the Posi concept as a concept of a self-organizing system. Understanding the macrocosm space system can be a paradigm in the formation of micro space in a design process. This study has implications for the development of an architecture that is built from local theory and is strengthened by the grand multidisciplinary theory of science for architecture and urban space.
L-shaped mini-louvers performance for reducing indoor temperature
Authors: Suryandono AR , Hariyadi A , Fukuda H
Published: May 2021

Cooling energy demand is a global problem, especially in the hot area. According to the International Energy Agency, this problem is driven by complex factors, from economic condition to urbanization. This paper examines the use of simple sun shading design as one of possible solutions to reduce the cooling energy in buildings by lowering indoor temperature. Four south oriented wooden boxes were constructed; three of them have L-shaped mini louvers for sun shading attached while another one without any shading device acted as a base case. Mini-overhangs were also tested under the same conditions. The experiment was conducted in Kitakyushu, Japan for 5 days to show the performance of the sun shading in reducing the indoor temperature. The data were recorded using thermo recorder every 30 minutes. The mini louvers showed better performance than overhang. The mini louvers with gap to size ratio of 1:1 reduced around 12 percentage points of average and 33 percentage points of peak temperature. The overhang with same ratio could reduce around 6 percentage points of average and 28 percentage points of peak temperature. The mini louvers were also tested in east direction and the results were similar.
Identification of cultural capital and sustainable behavior towards sustainable development
Authors: Raissa Giska , Sihotang Sandhy , Christy Filia , Wijaya Karen
Published: May 2021

Cultural capital has been defined as one of the basic aspects and means that enables human society to survive and develop civilizations. At the same time, studies show that the development of human civilization cannot overlook the issue of sustainability. Accordingly, this understanding emphasizes the importance of cultural capital in sustainable development. In academic literature, there is a high level of discussions that address the issue of sustainability in relation to the five capitals, namely natural, human, physical, social, and financial capital. However, the existing research on sustainable development shows that the significance of cultural capital and sustainable behavior is not addressed. This theoretical study aims to investigate the relationship between cultural capital and sustainable behavior in carrying out sustainable development. The result proposes a conceptual framework that shows cultural capital as the basis of understanding in shaping sustainable behavior and managing the five capitals towards sustainable development.
Design Strategies of Life Outside and Life Inside for Livable Multi-family Housing Environment
Authors: Clarissa Meissy , Prakoso Susinety , Dewi Julia
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the issue related to social life within the context of a neighbourhood. It takes on the case study of multi-family housing, which its urban forms are generally monofunctional, stand-alone, large scale, spread out and car dependency. This type of urban form may cause inclusivity and isolation to its context and problems in social interactions within its neighbourhood. This study examined the concept of life outside and life inside in multi-family housing design to create a more livable housing environment. The life outside concept aims to create a human-oriented neighbourhood by directing daily human activity towards outdoor space, through the integration of proximity, density, dan diversity. While the life inside concept aims to allow, residents to socialize with others through the design of a high probability of encounter zones in the building. Based on the observation at a multifamily housing complex at Rainbow Springs, Tangerang, this study proposed design criteria and strategies for a livable multi-family housing environment within the neighbourhood and inside the building itself. This study implies that integration between site planning and building design should be taken into consideration to form a livable neighbourhood.
The Effect of Building Layout on Microclimate Characteristic in Settlement Area
Authors: Octarino Christian N
Published: May 2021

Housing is one of human’s primary need, then it has an important role on human life. Not only the building, but also the environment of settlement. People need to have a good quality of settlement area, one of which is microclimate quality to provide health and comfort in living. As a tourism and education city, Yogyakarta has a rapid development which indirectly resulted in increased housing needs. In the era of climate change, it’s very important to consider the environmental aspects in regional planning, including the settlement area. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the microclimate in two different settlement typologies in the city of Yogyakarta. The difference is on the building layout, which is one of the factors that influence microclimate. The study was conducted in two districts, one is settlement in Baciro that represent planned settlement, and settlement in Suryatmajan to represent unplanned settlement. Direct measurement and observation used as a method, supported by simulation with Envi-Met software. The result will show how the building pattern can affect microclimate, so it can be considered in settlement development that can improve the quality of people’s life and also the environment.
Open Space Scenario on Riverside Settlement to Access Comfortable Wind Environment
Authors: Thiodore J , Srinaga F.
Published: May 2021

Beyond confines of the geography, urban form has direct impact to its microclimatic condition. The constituted set of buildings and open spaces contribute to its comfortable wind environment. This paper examines incorporation of open spaces as passive urban ventilation to infiltrate wind into a riverside settlement. The research conducted in warm-humid riverside settlement: Pasar Lama Tangerang. The actual wind environment is below desired breezes for outdoor activity like strolling. Upon actual site conditions, such as prevailing wind and morphology of existing buildings, we established three urban morphology scenarios: (1) ground floor open space, (2) pocket open space, (3) combination scenario. The research coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to calculate air flow rate and wind flow direction in every scenario. Study results reveal the three scenarios can prevent air flow from stagnating and allow better permeability of urban air. Reducing land coverage (open space) is one of the most efficient strategy to increase air flow rate up to 2 times the existing case. CFD simulation provide comprehensive data and help to understand systems, performance and implication of design. The capacity to measure climatic parameters compared and correlated with morphological and topography characteristic can improve the quality of built environment.
Reading the meaning of the terrace in the coastal settlement of Kalanganyar village, Sidoarjo
Authors: Susanti Wiwik Dwi , Safeyah Muchlisiniyati , Mutia Fairuz
Published: May 2021

The unique character Kalanganyar are influencing the character of the space, spaces in macro (Regional) and micro (residential) scale. In the micro-scale (residential) coastal architecture has a variety of spatial typologies, including terraces as the front area that forms identity. The meaning of terraces in settlements is not only as an intermediary area between public and private space but becomes an identity. The diversity of terrace meanings in coastal settlements is influenced by various aspects. So that the terrace is interpreted as a multifunctional area that is to socialize, trade, identity and also as part of the storage area. According to Fauzi, et al (2012), the meaning is always related to function and form. The realization of the relationship between function, form and meaning cannot be separated from one another; all three aspects affect each other through the process back and forth. In this research, the sign aspect becomes the basis of research conducted with an interpretive approach to arrange meanings based on events, objects, indicators and observers. The purpose of this study is to be able to identify the meaning of terraces in coastal settlements so that they can be interpreted correctly and appropriately.
Critical Urbanism and the Digitally Augmented City: Envisioning Urban Commons as Civic Assemblages in the Age of Networked Translocalism, Multi-Associative Transduction and Counterhegemonic Transculturalism
Authors: Manfredini Manfredo , Leardini Paola
Published: May 2021

This essay discusses problems affecting the contemporary of the urban commons by addressing the emerging spatialization of the relational infrastructures of urban communities due to the recent transformations of the technological framework. It sheds light on three key macrophenomena that are changing the nature of these institutions,translocalism, transductionandtransculturalism, and drafts design strategies to foster their agency for the affirmation of equality and pluralism while guaranteeing social inclusiveness, cohesiveness, pluralism and differentiation. It answers the research question on how designers and planners can respond to the effects of these disrupting phenomena that redefine their roles, mission and instruments. It proposes a design framework for new commons operating in the reality–virtuality continuum. We envisage them as constituted by three intertwined components: a) aset of enabling relations, which constitute relational machines that establish dynamic, robust and efficacious connections between distributed and mobile actants engaged in commoning actions; b) aconcrete infrastructure, which includes the constitutive elements that come together in meta-stable and variable context-specific platforms supporting the relational machines; c) aset of constitutive agents, which includes counterhegemonic pluralistic narratives of possible futures that foster social formations to subvert the existingabstract(i.e., postpolitical, conflict-free and antidifferential) spaces. Our proposal contributes to the discourse on the spatialization of radical democracy ideas, foregrounding the role of design in liberating the creative collective power of co-create dialogical utopian realms. These narratives through fabulation, allegory and parody devise possible translocal, transductive and transcultural spatialites for commoning and differentiation to foster the collective appropriation of thenew ordinary.
Complexity of small-scale commercial area on Menoreh Street in Semarang and its contribution to trip attraction model
Authors: Basuki Y , Rahayu S , Andrika A F
Published: May 2021

The various small-scale commercial create complexity in estimating the travel impact, especially the congestion on collector roads that connect city center and sub-city center. The purpose of this study is to understand the complexity of commercial land use through trip attraction model and its contribution to traffic flow on Menoreh Street as one of the collector roads in Semarang City. The method that used are contribution trip attraction by classification of small-scale commercial activities and multiple linear regression with dependent variable Y is the trip attraction of small-scale commercial area (pcu/hour) and the independent variables are X1 (store area), X2 (parking area), X3 (sales income), X4 (number of employees), and X5 (store operational hours). There are thirteen classification which apparel store has a biggest contribution and car wash has a lowest contribution to trip attraction. From that classification, there are five different model which number of employees and sales income influence the trip attraction. The model can estimate trip attraction in the small-scale commercial area that is growing rapidly in the Semarang City so that it can anticipate the transportation problems.
The Transformation of Smart City Concept in Urban Development (Case Study: Semarang City)
Authors: Fajriyah N O , Djunaedi A
Published: May 2021

The urban development in line with technology growth has created a smart city concept. Semarang city is one of the metropolitan cities that has applied a smart city concept since 2013 by implementing information technology in their programs. It was successfully made Semarang getting an award as the best city of Development Regional Awards by Bappenas (Ministry of National Development Planning) in 2019. But over time, the smart city concept in Semarang has transformed in its implementation to solve the city’s problems and adapt to their needs. The purpose of this study is to describe the phenomena in the transformation of the smart city concept in urban development with case study of Semarang city. This study uses an abductive approach by the methodology of case study that armed with a few of theory and has a lot of exploration about the phenomena. The results of this study indicate that the transformation of the smart city concept in Semarang affected by several factors in urban and regional development, which consist of internal and external factors.
Assessment of Transport Poverty and Its Social-Economic Impacts on Communities (Case of Bekasi Barat, Bekasi City)
Authors: Iman S N , Herwangi Y
Published: May 2021

Transport poverty is a paradigm where such conditions cause limitations in using transportation facilities that affects the marginalized. The poor is most often affected by the lack of vehicles both private and public transportation services in terms of choice and quality of service, thus causing social exclusion and shuts people from economic, social, and political participation due to lack of access to transportation. Transport poverty have bearings on the travel patterns of the affected groups. The study aims to identify and analyze the impact of transport poverty on the travel patterns of affected groups and compare them with unaffected groups. Bekasi City has a vital role as a satellite city of DKI Jakarta which also has high poverty rates and numbers of poor people. Home-based school and work travel pattern are chosen given these trips are the most frequent done in a household. This research method is a deductive method using a mixed method and collecting data using questionnaires, in-depth interviews and observation results. The conclusion of this research is the phenomenon of poverty occurs in Bekasi Barat, Bekasi City, influencing communites travel patterns with indicators of affordability, mobility, and accessibility, as well as having impact on their social exclusion.
Do the existing pipe network and community satisfaction influence the preferences of domestic water fulfillment? Evidence from Kota Metro, Lampung Province, Indonesia
Authors: Sugiyono  , Dewancker Bart J.
Published: May 2021

The domestic water fulfillment becomes a crucial issue to be discussed considering limited water resources, continuously increasing demand, and multi-dimensional impacts of uncontrolled groundwater exploitation. Aside from efforts taken to accelerate the improvement of the domestic water sector, the traditional assumption claiming that pipe water network provision would lead people to shift their preference into public water service is seemingly questionable in Indonesia due to the absence of clear regulation restricting individual groundwater exploitation. This research aims to elaborate on whether the availability of piped water networks significantly influences people’s choice of their main domestic water source. We took Kota Metro, Lampung Province, Indonesia as a case study area considering the challenge of this city to improve its domestic water sector. We initially conducted a household survey to grasp a preliminary figure of people’s preference patterns as well as their reason in choosing a certain domestic water source in the case study area. Subsequently, we analyzed the relation between the availability of pipe network in the respondent’s residence and the issue of public preference on the daily water fulfillment then correlated them with the satisfaction level on the utilized water source.
Comprehensive Analysis of UAV Flight Parameters for High Resolution Topographic Mapping
Authors: Muhammad M , Tahar K N
Published: May 2021

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are aircrafts without pilot on board, which are controlled by the ground station or transmitter. The ability of UAVs to provide high-resolution imageries and accurate positioning makes it the best platform as compared to satellite images. Therefore, UAVs can speed up the topographic works, especially during data collection. Topographic mapping has been used by many agencies such as the government, private, and military. Furthermore, the geotagged high resolution UAV images can provide accurate results using Ground Control Points (GCPs). UAV flight parameters, such as flight altitude and overlap and sidelap percentages, can affect the topographic map result derived from the UAV images. The optimal flight altitude and overlap and sidelap percentages based on the specific topographic surface need to be investigated to produce an accurate topographic map. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of topographic maps from different flight parameters. There are two objectives to achieve the aim; i.e., to produce photogrammetric products from different overlaps and sidelaps as well as analyze the photogrammetric products with ground survey data. The selected flight altitude in this study is 60 m. However, the overlap percentages are 70%, 80%, and 90% and the sidelap percentages are 50%, 60%, and 70%. GCPs and Check Points (CPs) will be established using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) techniques, where the global positioning system (GPS) receiver is capable of real-time kinematic (RTK) to receive real-time data correction from the continuously operating reference stations (CORS) in different locations. This study will analyze the topographic results at different overlap and sidelap percentages using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The expected outcome of this study includes the comparison coordinates between CP coordinates and ground survey data coordinates, different digital terrain models (DTM), and different topographic maps.
Accuracy Assessment On Point Cloud Dataset from Terrestrial Laser Scanner with Different Objects Surface Properties
Authors: Razali M Hezri , Idris Ahmad Norhisyam , Mohd Nor Tuan Nur Atikah Tuan , Ghazali Rosmadi
Published: May 2021

Terrestrial laser scanner is the instrument used for generating and receiving point cloud data from the ground either using tripod or handheld. This study focused on identifying the effect of different object surface properties in most standard building materials used towards the accuracy of point cloud captured using TLS that is important for guiding the observer before making measurement. Practically, all the captured data for each surface used the similar aspects in terms of resolution, quality, and point cloud distance using a single scan method. Next, all data processing were processed and computed using FARO Scene, ArcScene and AutoDesk Recap software that are capable to analyse through the reconstructed 3D model. It had been found that cement wall reacts better with the point clouds even the wood expected to give a good result as a few factors had given big impacts towards each of the object surfaces. The finding from this study had identified the reaction of the point clouds on each different object surfaces with various properties varies depending on the roughness, reflectivity strength, colors, textures and type of surfaces that became major indicator to determine accuracy of the distributions and arrangements of point clouds on each surface.
Reconstruction of 3D Building Model Using Point of Interest Technique at Different Altitude and Range
Authors: Ab Aziz A A , Muhammad M , Sulaiman S A , Tahar K N
Published: May 2021

The essential techniques used in 3D model reconstruction are LIDAR scanning, close-range photogrammetry, and aerial photogrammetry. The aim of this study is to investigate 3D building model results using a UAV platform using different altitudes and ranges. The methodology was divided into four phases. Phase one was a preliminary study and phase two was the data acquisition phase which included flight planning, camera calibration, and image acquisition at three different altitudes; 150m, 170m, and 190m and at different ranges; 180m, 190m, and 200m, respectively. Phase three was data processing whereby the resulting 3D models were generated using five steps which are image masking, image aligning, image dense clouding, image meshing, and image texturing. Phase four contained analyses on the 3D model such as accuracy assessment of the 3D model and analysis on the different altitudes and ranges employed. This study stated that the maximum accuracy was 0.195m without a control point, while the minimum accuracy was 0.123m with a control point. It shows that the 3D model with a control point produced measurements that were 37% more accurate than the 3D model without a control point. In the final analysis, the results showed that the built 3D model resulting from the UAV platform can provide an accuracy of less than 0.200m with or without control points. These findings can be applied to many fields, such as heritage and conservation in the efforts to preserve the 3D model of heritage objects.
COVID-19 Monitoring Application for Malaysian Armed Forces and National Security Council
Authors: Yeap W C
Published: May 2021

The development of geospatial technology plays a significant role in online sharing of geospatial data and virtual updating. The National Security Council (NSC) and the Ministry of Health (MOH) are the two leading agencies responsible for handling Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia. The government had stringently enforced various schemes and Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to prevent the spread of the disease. As a support, the Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM) through its Geospatial Defence Division (BGSP), has developed a Web Geographical Information System (GIS) application using its Defence Geospatial Information Management (DGIM) platform. A collaboration of geospatial data services has been made among government entities and security agencies in providing the latest information on COVID-19. JUPEM has also developed a Joint Common Operating Picture (JCOP) application for the NSC and Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) to strengthen its efforts to monitor and to avoid spreading the virus any further.
3D Integrated Survey for the Study of Archaeological Sites: the Case Study of Euryalus Castle in Siracusa
Authors: Valenti R , Paternò E
Published: May 2021

The present article deals with the results of a recent study conducted by the Laboratory of Representation at the University of Catania regarding the 3D modelling process of the archaeological site of Euryalus Castle in Siracusa. The purpose of the research was to discuss the survey methods implemented in the archaeological field, considering each methodology as a singular or as a multi-sensor approach. Digital integrated survey (range-based and image-based methods) and, in particular, the UAS system (Unmanned Aerial System) reduce the problems connected with the survey of complex or large objects and increase capability exposure thanks to the high quality of 3D photorealistic technology. The traditional survey systems applied to the area around Siracusa and to the archaeological site have been integrated, in the present case study, with UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) photogrammetric survey for the acquisition of nadir and oblique imagery. The research shows that modern survey technology contributes to the digital 3D monitoring and documentation of cultural heritage.
Multi-Level Image Segmentation for Urban Land-Cover Classifications
Authors: Hashim Nurhanisah , Hamid Juazer Rizal Abdul
Published: May 2021

Variation land-cover features, which include natural and man-made objects, lead to the advent of features that are spectrally similar. Object in urban area tend to have spectral similar response that can easily misclassified from one to another for example in the case of tree and grass as well as asphalt building roof and asphalt road. Object based classification approached instead of pixel based will improved the misclassification yet will increase the accuracy of land-cover classification. Using Worldview-2 multispectral satellite image as a primary data, while normalized Digital Surface Model (nDSM) derived from Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data and indices image, the image segmentation process utilizing multiresolution segmentation algorithm and spectral difference was conducted. Before going through classification process, twelve segmentation levels were constructed to create image objects. Three classification algorithm including Support Vector Machine (SVM), BAYES and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) were choose to be tested to identify which algorithm gives the best classification result of the urban area target. The results from the study indicate statistically significant difference in classification accuracy between each algorithm: Based on Kappa statistics, user’s and producer’s accuracy, as well as visual examination and overall accuracy performance, BAYES with overall accuracy of 85.51% has depicted to have the best land-cover classification accuracy result.
Indoor Model for Walking Environment using Mobile Mapping System
Authors: Ruslan Nurfadhilah , Naharudin Nabilah , Salleh Abdul Hakim , Halim Maisarah Abdul , Latif Zulkiflee Abd
Published: May 2021

Walkability is one of the issues to be addressed in the planning of smart urban cities. Although, there is a substantial amount of studies on outdoor walking pedestrian, limited study has been done to address indoor walkability. Therefore, this study discussed the development of 3D indoor model to visualize the indoor walking environment carried out using mobile mapping system. The handheld scanner is used for its convenience to access narrow space and complex building structure. The indoor layout of the building is captured using this system by producing point clouds that represent the indoor environment. The building geometry and facilities are determined by point cloud segmentation to segment the same points into one group. The generation of 3D floor plan from point cloud provided a good visualization of indoor model and walking environment. The extraction of vector walking path is also useful to be displayed with the indoor model to make it easier for the pedestrians. The main objective of this paper is to determine the indoor walking path using mobile laser scanning. The define indoor walking path will be used to calculate the walkability index on the indoor building. Therefore, the calculated walkability index can enhance the walking behaviour by improving the facilities in the indoor building.
Comparison of Watershed Delineation Accuracy using Open Source DEM Data in Large Area
Authors: Shahimi Siti Nur A’tirah , Halim Maisarah Abdul , Khalid Nafisah
Published: May 2021

The availability of watershed delineation that has been generated from DEM data is difficult to obtain and the accessibility of DEM data which are unrestricted and precise are hard to obtain in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to examine the accuracy of watershed delineation between Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from ASTER and SRTM in Johor State. In this study, free online data sources from USGS website are used to delineate watershed from ASTER and SRTM satellite imageries. The hydrological modelling tool namely ArcSWAT is utilized to delineate watersheds for both DEM datasets. Both DEM data that had been mosaiced using ERDAS imagine and their DEM is generated using ArcGIS. Watershed boundary for the whole Johor State is then being delineated by using ArcSWAT. ASTER and SRTM accuracies were verified using correlation analysis and mean center distance with data from Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID). Study indicated that DID watershed area is correlated to ASTER and SRTM at 67.60% and 67.85%. In addition, total mean center distance for ASTER and SRTM are 148.485 and 200.200 where it shows the total mean center distance of ASTER is almost close with DID. The results from this study have successfully indicated that both ASTER and SRTM DEMs are suitable for watershed delineation for Johor State at free and reliable source.
Effects of High-Rise Residential Building Shape and Height on the Urban Microclimate in a Tropical Region
Authors: Jani Darvina Mohd , Mohd Wan Mohd Naim Wan , Salleh Siti Aekbal
Published: May 2021

Todays, undesirable urban microclimates are becoming a major global phenomenon. The microclimate that people concern most is Urban Heat Island (UHI). With that concern, architects, planners, and builders are now aggressively reshaping their part in the formation of urban microclimates. Previous studies have found that there are significant relationships between urban geomorphology and urban microclimate. Rapid urbanization and change in urban development trends have produced variation in urban morphology which can also lead to climate changes. This study explores the effects of high-rise residential building shape and height on urban microclimate in Ara Damansara, a newly developed high-rise residential township in Klang Valley. ENVI-met and ArcGIS software are used to perform the simulation and analysis respectively. Initial results have shown that existing triangle building shape is the best building shape towards improving microclimate within the study area. Findings have also shown that the building shape and height contributed to the urban microclimate. The wind direction loses stability with the increase of building height, but the wind speed tends to increase in between the building blocks. Results also show that potential air temperature reduces with wind speed and increase building height. Generally, this present study proves that increasing building height can simulate the wind speed for better microclimate in high-rise residential in a tropical region. Further research will focus on integrating other elements such as building massing strategy to promote wind direction and wind speed to decrease the air temperature in high-rise residential area.
The Use of InSAR for Monitoring Deformation of Offshore Platforms
Authors: Latip Amir Sharifuddin Ab , Balogun Abdul-Lateef , Din Ami Hassan Md , Ansar Andi Mohd Hairy
Published: May 2021

Fluid extraction or injection from reservoirs, which corresponds to subsidence or uplift, can cause offshore platform surface deformation. Extremely large deformation of offshore platforms often lead to production losses, threat to the structure integrity and loss of life. Therefore, preventing severe deformation incidents is important by monitoring surface deformation caused by oil and gas production activities. In this study, the A1 and B1 offshore platforms have been selected as research study areas to detect surface deformation caused by production activities. A total of 12 radar images from TerraSAR-X satellite were obtained from 24th August 2018 to 22nd August 2019 to derive surface deformation through the Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) method. The maximum amounts of subsidence observed on A1 and B1 platforms were -4 mm/yr and -6.3 mm/yr, respectively. This study provides an important insight the use of InSAR technology for the monitoring deformation of offshore platforms.
Spatial Investigation on Noise Level at Sultan Idris Education University Campus, Malaysia
Authors: Nayan N , Hashim M , Saleh Y , Mahat H , Luyan Madeline Henry , Normelani E , Juhadi J , Khotimah N , Sumunar Dyah Respati Suryo
Published: May 2021

This article aims to identify the level of spatial noise within the Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris Campus. This research is based on an exploratory study using quantitative methods and assisted by a geographic information system (GIS) software. The data used are primary data collected in the field based on sampling at 11 selected locations based on the main road intersection in the Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah Campus (KSAJS). Data collected with the help of the sound meter application in smartphones. Sampling time is from 8 am to 5 pm on weekdays. The analysis used is descriptive analysis and GIS regression technique, which is spatial interpolation to identify areas with the potential to experience high noise levels. The results show that some campus areas experience high noise levels in the morning and afternoon during the rush time going/back to/from work. Noise values ranging from 44.8 dBA to 66.4 dBA were obtained. The value indicates the maximum value exceeds the standard by the Department of Environment (DOE)(55 dBA). In conclusion, the noise level at KSAJS is acceptable due to the marginal use of vehicles on campus. This situation is due to a forbidden act to stop some students from using vehicles and maximizing the shuttle bus. This study’s implications are important to be used as a guide to university administrators to maintain noise levels at the lowest level in creating a high-security environment, conducive learning environment, and a more peaceful working environment.
Ecosystem Health Assessment Based On Pressure State Response Framework Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System
Authors: Boori M. S. , Choudhary K. , Paringer R. , Kupriyanov A.
Published: May 2021

Ecosystem health (EH) is an important parameter for an areas sustainable development. This research work used remote sensing and GIS based ecological indicators under pressure-state-response (PSR) framework for ecological health assessment. Total 15 indicators were developed, from that 12 and 3 indicators were categorized for pressure and state indicators. Finally derive ecosystem health in Samara region, Russia under PSR framework, which provide an important decision making support for regional sustainable development with highly accurate new technology and can use for regular environmental mapping and monitoring.
Monitoring Urban Expansion And Land Use/Land Cover Changes In Banadir, Somalia Using Google Earth Engine (GEE)
Authors: Hamud A M , Shafri H Z M , Shaharum N S N
Published: May 2021

Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes in the Banadir region are rapidly changing because of the increasing interaction of human activates with the environment as the population increases. However, there is no published evidence on this phenomenon. This study used multi-temporal Landsat images (1989, 2003, and 2018) to extract and evaluate LULC changes in Banadir Somalia. Based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, two Machine Learning (ML) algorithms were used and compared, using supervised classification approaches via Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the Random Forest (RF) classifiers. This study shows that the average classification accuracy of SVM is showing the highest overall accuracy of 96.7% (Kappa = 0.946), which is 1.7% higher than that achieved by RF. The analysis of LULC changes in Banadir for the last three decades revealed that the urban area increased from 43.1 km2 in 1989 to 87.7 km2 in 2018, which means that the urban expanded or increased by two folds. Vegetation land cover dropped down from 276.5 km2 in 1989 to 96.42 km2 in 2018, which is a two-thirds decrease in vegetation in the last 30 years whereas bare surface area increased from 93.74 km2 in 1989 to 229.05 km2 in 2018, which is 1.96% increase per year. This study concludes that Banadir has experienced a dramatic increase in the urban and bare surface and a decrease in vegetation for the past 30 years.
Suitable Satellite Sensor for Elephant grass Above-Ground Biomass Estimation from Field Spectro-Radiometry Data
Authors: Zumo Isa Muhammad , Hashim Mazlan , Hassan Noor Dyana
Published: May 2021

A satellite sensor is a key instrument that remotely collects data about an object or scene. However, since different sensors have varying spatial, temporal, spectral and radiometric properties, it is very necessary for vegetation cover mapping to identify and select suitable sensor for specific purposes. This study analyses seven of the most widely used satellite sensors for vegetation mapping; and evaluate their performance on elephant grass Above-Ground Biomass (AGB) estimation. Spectro-radiometry and AGB data of 40 grass samples were used for modelling and validation. The site for the experiment was Daware grazing land, Nigeria. The satellites analysed were Landsat products (OLI and ETM), Sentinel 2 MSI, MODIS 09Q1, IKONOS, Worldview and SPOT 5. The spectral window for each sensor was identified. Red and NIR reflectance were extracted from the Spectro-radiometric measurements. Variations in the distribution of the Red and NIR spectral responses for each satellite window was evaluated. A ratio of NIR and Red was calculated as Vegetation Index Number (VIN). The calculated VIN and the measured AGB were correlated. The result indicates that Sentinel 2 MSI has a good data distribution in the Red band and the NIR band. The level of correlation between the field AGB and the VIN was also good (R2 = 0.927). The AGB calculated from Sentinel 2A MSI was validated at a good accuracy (RMSE = 0.326kg/pixel size and P value < 0.001) with the field measured AGB. The study concludes that Sentinel 2 MSI is the most suitable for estimating AGB for elephant grass. This provides a scientific contribution for accurate estimations of AGB specifically in grazing lands where grass information is vital.
Calculation of Real Evapotranspiration by the Application of Metric Method on Landsat-8 Data
Authors: Imanian Ali , Tangestani Majid Hashemi , Asadi Adel , Zare Mohammad
Published: May 2021

In geological remote sensing approaches for estimating evapotranspiration, METRIC method is among the most modern and precise approaches that many positive experiments have been reported regarding its applicability. In this study, the value of actual evapotranspiration (ET) occurred in Marvdasht farmlands, Fars province, Iran, was calculated instantaneously (hourly) and daily (24 hours), at 24 April 2017 using METRIC method and Lansat-8 data. In order to accuracy assessment of the results, estimated values were compared to the values calculated with Penman Monteith method in places that covers by alfafa crop. Our observations showed that ET values obtained via METRIC model on average, have 0.51mm difference in estimations, comparing to the Penman Manteith method.
Research on Three-Dimensional Interpolation Modeling Method of Micro - and Nanometer Controllable Surface
Authors: Lai Lianfeng , Niu Qinchuan , Ren Zhiying
Published: May 2021

The fundamental cause of friction and wear is the effect of force, resulting in material heating, deformation, fatigue, adhesion and furrow effect, which is closely related to the micro-topography of the contact surface of friction pair. How to establish the real three-dimensional (3D) rough surface, using inter-polation surface reconstruction based on real data, especially in the three dimensional precision measurement data processing, etc, also the lack of research and practice, so in this paper, fractal interpolation and spline interpolation, Fourier interpolation surface modeling interpolation algorithm of three methods for modeling, a detailed analysis and expounds the advantages and disadvantages of the three ways of modeling with surface, and finally to the surface of the atomic force microscope to measure the actual extraction of a small number of sampling points are simulated.
Research on the Spatial Spillover Effect of Ecological Innovation Ability and Regional Economic Growth
Authors: Wang Yao , Liang Zhilei , Chen Huaichao
Published: May 2021

This article using the spatial econometric analysis technology to build a space from the perspective of geographical feature weighting matrix, spatial correlation of the regional economic growth and integration, to explore the ecological innovation capacity and regional spatial spillover effect of economic growth, and using the spatial regression model decomposition of the partial differential method of actual effect based on 2009-2017 panel data from 29 provinces cities and autonomous regions in China. Based on the data of 29 provinces and cities in China from 2009 to 2017, this paper constructs the spatial weight matrix from the perspective of geographical features, establishes the spatial panel econometric model, and investigates the spatial correlation and clustering of regional economic growth uses spatial econometric analysis technology. We explore the spatial spillover effect of ecological innovation ability and regional economic growth, and uses the partial differential method of spatial regression model to decompose this effect. The results show that, firstly, China’s regional economic development is not balanced, and the economic development of neighboring regions is basically the same, which has a certain degree of spatial agglomeration and significant spatial correlation, and China’s economic growth has significant spatial heterogeneity. Second, the ecological innovation environment has a great spillover effect on the economic growth of neighboring regions, and the human resource level and capital investment have significant positive spillover effect between neighboring regions. The coefficient of ecological innovation output is significantly negative. Thirdly, the regional flows of capital input, labor force, the level of opening up, industrial structure and human capital not only have obvious direct effects, but also have a significant promoting effect on economic growth through the spatial spillover effect. The conclusion of this paper provides policy enlightenment for promoting sustainable economic growth among provinces and regions in China.
Study on Molecular Qualitative Detection Technology of Potato Scab Disease
Authors: Chi Wenjuan , Liu Yinan , Liu Wenyu , Li Chenglong
Published: May 2021

The paper uses a method that combines biological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence characteristics to analyze potato scab bacteria collected from China. The study found that the obtained universal detection primers B1/B2 showed good specificity for all pathogenic strains, and could stably expand the target band, while non-pathogenic strains had no bands. The paper uses the spore dilution method to verify that the established detection method has a sensitivity of 20 pg·μL-1 for strain DNA, and the detection threshold for spores is about 4.0 CFU/μL. The genome amplification results of the test samples showed that the target bands were detected in the scab pathogen Streptomyces, diseased potato sample tissues, and diseased soil samples, but not the scab pathogen Streptomyces, healthy tuber tissues, non-sick soil samples and other strains None of the bands of interest were expanded, indicating that the method has good specificity. Therefore, we can conclude that the qualitative detection method of potato scab bacteria can realize rapid detection of strains, diseased tissues and soil samples.
Carbon Emissions Prediction of Jiangsu Province Based on Lasso-BP Neural Network Combined Model
Authors: Liu Xiaodie , Meng Xiangrui , Wang Xiangqian
Published: May 2021

Under the policy of achieving carbon peak before 2030, the paper predicts whether Jiangsu province can achieve the peak of carbon emissions before 2030. Based on the data of Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2018, the paper uses Lasso regression model to screen out 8 significant factors affecting carbon emissions, sets the values of each influencing factors during 2019-2030, and uses the BP neural network model to predict the carbon emissions of Jiangsu province during 2019-2030. The prediction results show that Jiangsu province will achieve the carbon peak in 2023 under the hypothetical scenario, with the peak carbon emissions of 335.1755 million tons.
Study on the 14th Five-Year Plan for Nuclear and Radiation Accident Emergency
Authors: Li Huang , Liu Ting
Published: May 2021

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China’s nuclear and radiation emergency regulations and standards system was gradually strengthened, emergency organizations at all levels were constantly improved. However, there are still some deficiencies in the construction of emergency team, professional technical ability, emergency rescue and so on. This paper comprehensively summarizes the experiences of nuclear and radiation emergency in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, and studies the development direction and capacity buildings in the period of the 14th Five-Year Plan, which provides a reference for the construction of nuclear and radiation emergency in China.
Research on the Change of Coastline on the South Coast of Hangzhou Bay Based on Multi-temporal Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Mao Yuxin , Yang Disheng , Zeng Annan , Zhao Xingyue
Published: May 2021

Coastline is an important geographic background for each coastal area, and dynamic monitoring of coastlines is beneficial to coastal natural protection and further coastal construction and development. Based on the Landsat8 data and Sentinel-2 data from 2014 to 2019, this paper uses a method combining regional growth and edge detection to analyze the Cixi section’s coastline changes on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay. Firstly, the multi-source remote sensing data is preprocessed, and then the MNDWI value of each image is calculated. Then, each image is processed into a binary image by a regional growth algorithm. Eventually, we realize the coastline segmentation by the Canny operator of edge detection. The research represents that the coastline of the south coast of Hangzhou Bay moves toward the ocean year by year, and the length of the coastline generally decreases. The analysis may be caused by human-made activities in Hangzhou Bay Area in recent years, such as river cut-offs and urban construction. The research in this paper provides a reference for the protection of natural coastlines and human-made coastlines.
Application of ICP-MS Method in Environmental Field
Authors: Sun Wen , Yang Ke , Xia Longfei
Published: May 2021

ICP-MS is a new technology for environmental monitoring and analysis. This article summarizes the characteristics of ICP-MS and its application in the analysis of environmental samples such as soil and water, and summarizes mass spectrometry interference factors such as isobaric, oxide, double charge, and polyatomic ions, with a view to future ICP-MS.