bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATIONS ON BALLISTIC BACKFACE DEFLECTIONS OF COMBAT HELMETS USING FORCE MEASUREMENT AND DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION
Authors: GROBERT STEFFEN , SEIDL MARINA , GEDON HEINER , PELDSCHUS STEFFEN , PESCHEL OLIVER
Published: September 2022

In the present work two different measurement methods are compared for the analysis of ballistic caused “dynamic backface deflections” (BFD): a conservative force measurement and an optical measurement with digital image correlation (DIC). An aramid fibre combat helmet, meeting the requirements of VPAM 3, was analysed with the two methods under the same ballistic conditions (frontal impact, 9 mm x 19 full metal jacket (FMJ); 410 m/s). The force measurement resulted in a cumulative total force of 7.2 kN. A maximum BFD of 22 mm at a maximum speed of 110 m/s was determined using the DIC method. Both methods showed a constant load duration respectively deformation duration of 0.5 ms while the noncontact DIC measurement method resulted in a 120% deeper permanent BFD. Considering the significant limitations of both methods, the force measurement method was evaluated as the more advantageous method for further analysis of realistic, ballistic caused blunt head loads.
Medición del valor de marca basado en las percepciones del turista internacional: una investigación sobre Villavicencio (Colombia)
Authors: Otero Gómez María Cristina , Giraldo Pérez Wilson
Published: September 2022

Este estudio examina el valor de marca de Villavicencio como destino turístico internacional desde el punto de vista del consumidor. Además, analiza la influencia del social media durante el Covid-19 en las intenciones de repetir la visita al destino. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, en el que se procesaron 130 encuestas aplicadas a turistas de diferentes países. Los resultados indican que la lealtad y la calidad percibida del destino son las dimensiones que más aportan a la construcción del valor de marca. También se observa que existe un nivel de asociación medio entre el valor de marca del destino y la intención de volver a visitar Villavicencio. Así mismo, el social media como variable de reforzamiento actúa positivamente en la intención de repetir la visita, a partir del recuerdo de las experiencias memorables. Se concluye que los turistas son leales a Villavicencio porque el destino les proporciona experiencias de calidad que superan a las ofrecidas por otros destinos con características similares.
Investigating Into the Major Reasons for the Sinking of Munroe Island in Kerala.
Authors: Prathapan Kavya , Rajendran Prasad
Published: September 2022

The Munroe Isle of Kollam district was formed as a result of the sediment depositional process by river Kallada and Ashtamudi Lake; hence it is laccustrine in origin. There are 8 smaller islands that make up the archipelago. In the recent times, the island has been experiencing the threat of increased water level. Flooding and consequent sinking (3 to 4 meters ) is the major issue faced by the inhabitants of this island. Due to a shortage of shelter and daily revenue, almost 400 families have departed the island. The current study identified many reasons behind the sinking of Munroe island such as sea level rise, climate change, faulty agricultural practices etc. The inputs received from various scientific studies, dailies, Panchayath documents and the information and support got from the inhabitants served to this study. A direct field visit and questionnaire survey in a random sampling method and provided it to a 100 households were conducted to understand the major reasons behind the sinking of this island from the residents of Munroe island who are the direct victims of this phenomenon. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools(QGIS, Google Earth) were used to find out the sunken areas of Munroe Thuruth.
Defluoridation Proficiency of Ocimum tenuiflorum Based Bioadsorbent against Fluoride Toxicity in Drinking Water
Authors: Veeraputhiran Vellasamy , Ratna Monica Jeyarajan Helen , Manam Vishnu Kiran
Published: September 2022

From the past century, the global attention shifted towards fluoride toxicity through drinking water due to its severity in important health concerns. Many researchers made an attempt to resolve the issue to potable drinking water through many chemical and mechanical methods. Among them adsorption is one of the acceptable cheap and cost-effective method to remove the fluoride from its contaminated waters. This article presents a remarkable defluoridation techniques and approach by preparing efficient bioadsorbent from Holy Basil Ocimum tenuiflorum L. leaves. Thermo-charring method was followed to prepare bioadsorbent from holy basil and avoided acid charring method. With this bioadsorbent, batch equilibrium adsorption method was followed by varying the adsorbent and adsorbate (fluoride) concentrations, its contact time, different adsorbent dose and its different sizes. As a sum up, the best contact time was identified as 90 minutes for all fluoride concentrations. As known, the smaller size adsorbent has shown good absorptivity and the quantity of 1.5 g/L found to be optimal amount for the effective defluoridation. The interference of co-existing anions like nitrates, chlorides, sulphates and carbonates were also studied to identify the applicability of prepared bioadsorbent at real water environment. The co-ions nitrates and chlorides did not affect the adsorptive efficiency, but sulphates and carbonates suffered lot due to its bulky structured binding on adsorbent and lacked the fluoride adsorption onto it. The spectral and morphological characterizations such as FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDAX spectral studies carried out to confirm the surface variations of bioadsorbent and their corresponding reports reveal the notable observations. The best optimal defluoridation capacity for Ocimum tenuiflorum based bioadsorbent was found to be 1766 mg/kg.
Physiological Maturity Studies of Myrica Esculenta in Kumaun Himalaya Uttarakhand
Authors: Mittal Amit , Tewari Ashish , Singh Nandan , Tamta Krishna Kumar , Fulara Beena Tewari , Shah Shruti , Sharma Somesh
Published: September 2022

Myrica esculenta, Buch-Ham. Ex. D. Don is frequent under-canopy species in the Himalayan woods of Pinus roxburghii and Quercus leucotrichophora. The species is well-known in the Kumaun region for its edible fruit and various by-products, it has arisen as potential income-generating plant. M. esculenta regrowth is poor in natural settings, owing to high anthropogenic pressure. The maturation process aids in determining the best time to harvest when seeds are in better physiological condition for germination. For each collection date in the laboratory, physical characteristics, seed size and weight, and germination were measured in a dual chamber seed germinator. The tree density of M. esculenta ranged between 50 and 180 ind ha-1. The mean fruit size between first and last collection varied from 63.43 and 98.73 mm2 while the weight of 100 seeds between first and final collection varied from 8.55 to 15.67 g across the collection. The highest germination was observed 61.3% when the moisture content of seeds was 32.1%.
Pemberdayaan Berkelanjutan UMKM Sadar Halal di Madiun Guna Mendukung Proses Sertifikasi Halal
Authors: Mashuri Mashuri , Sampurno Bambang , Choiruddin Achmad , Mirmanto Heru , Kurniawan Ari , Haekal Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal telah berjalan. Namun sejumlah kebijakan dari produk hukum tersebut masih belum tersosialisasikan dengan baik, terutama bagi kalangan pelaku usaha di sektor makanan dan minuman UMKM. Begitu juga yang terjadi pada sebagian penggiat UMKM di Kabupaten Madiun yang belum tahu menahu mengenai kebijakan tersebut. Mereka kurang kesadaran bahwa mengurus perizinan dan sertifikasi halal terhadap produk mereka adalah suatu hal yang sangat penting dan tentunya akan memberikan banyak manfaat bagi keberlangsungan usaha mereka. Permasalahan muncul tidak hanya dari sisi sosialisasi kebijakan, namun juga dari sisi literasi pelaku UMKM dalam hal proses produksi halal yang masih rendah. Dari permasalahan tersebut, penulis mengusulkan solusi dalam bentuk sosialisasi, pembinaan, dan pendampingan kepada UMKM di Madiun terkait proses produksi halal dan sertifikasi halal. Dengan demikian, program-program tersebut diharapkan dapat membantu UMKM khususnya di Kabupaten Madiun untuk mendapatkan sertifikat halal bagi produknya sehingga mampu memberikan nilai tambah dan secara tidak langsung ikut mendukung berlangsungnya kebijakan jaminan produk halal.
Kemitraan Pembangunan Desa untuk Peningkatan Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Waktu Kerja Petani dalam Mencapai Ketahanan Pangan melalui Pemanfataan TTG Transplanter Sistem Jajar Legowo pada Komunitas Petani NU Wilayah Cabang Jatirejo, Mojokerto
Authors: Rusdiyana Liza , Suhariyanto Suhariyanto , Sampurno Bambang , Sanyoto Budi Luwar , Mashuri Mashuri
Published: September 2022

Kelompok Tani ini memiliki tanah mereka sendiri yang terbilang cukup luas per orangnya, akan tetapi keuntungan yang mereka dapatkan dari hasil Tanah (Sawah) mereka sendiri terbilang kurang begitu besar karena ongkos yang begitu besar dalam proses penanaman hingga proses pemanenan padi, dikarenakan untuk memberi upah sekitar Rp. 60.000-, per orang per ru tidak termasuk ongkos Makan dan Rokok kalaupun ada yang merokok sedangkan kapasitas kerjanya untuk satu petak sawah membutuhkan sekitar 3-4 orang dan memakan waktu sehari penuh, sedangkan dengan menggunakan Mesin yang berada dipasaran saat ini membutuhkan waktu sekitar 4 jam untuk menanam 1 hektar sawah dengan ongkos Rp. 150.000-, per ru ( 1 hektar sama dengan 700 ru ).

Ditinjau dari segi efisiensi masih terbilang sangat kurang dengan proses tradisional tersebut, sehingga para petani lebih memilih menggunakan mesin penanam padi yang modern tersebut, akan tetapi harga dari mesin mesin tersebut masih terbilang mahal untuk para petani dan harga sewa pun juga masih lumayan menguras kantong para petani. Proses penyemaian, penanaman hingga pemanenan yang sangat sederhana membutuhkan banyak tenaga kerja dan proses waktu yang lama. Hal ini terjadi karena petani masih menggunakan metode tanam konvensional. Komunitas Petani NU Wilayah Cabang Jatirejo saat ini mulai mencoba system jajar legowo. Sistem ini memudahkan petani untuk melakukan ativitas perawatan seperti pembersihan gulma (dadak), pemupukan, serta ternyata dengan system ini jumlah bibit tanam lebih sedikit namun hasil anakan juga bisa lebih banyak. Menurut para teman-teman petani NU ini, aplikasi penggunaan mesin penanm padi juga sangat dibutuhkan. Namun harga mesin baik pembelian maupun sewa sangat memberatkan petani. Selain itu system penanaman bibitnya juga masih sama dengan system tanam konvensional bukan system tanam jajar legowo. Berdasarkan permasalahan inilah, kami mencoba memberikan solusi agar dalam proses penanaman bibit padi ini tidak membutuhkan banyak tenaga, biaya dan waktu yang lama, yaitu dengan menciptakan sebuah alat bantu dengan mengaplikasikan sistem tanam jajar legowo yang dapat dioperasikan secara mudah untuk dapat dioperasikan oleh semua masyarakat petani dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan produktifitas, mempersingkat waktu tanam, hemat biaya serta dapat dikembangkan oleh para petani itu sendiri dengan harga yang cukup terjangkau.
Pembuatan Converter-kit Dual Fuel LPG-Diesel Fuel untuk Nelayan di Daerah Kenjeran Surabaya
Authors: Iswantoro Adhi , Ariana I Made , Semin Semin , Fathallah Aguk Zuhdi Muhammad , Cahyono Beny
Published: September 2022

Terjadinya kelangkaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) beberapa daerah di Indonesia memberikan dampak langsung kepada masyarakat, termasuk nelayan. Akibatnya nelayan tidak bisa melaut mencari ikan. Salah satu metode yang bisa dipilih untuk mengatasi masalah ini untuk membantu nelayan adalah dengan bahan bakar alternatif yaitu bahan bakar gas (BBG). Tentu perlu peralatan tambahan agar mesin diesel kapal nelayan bisa beroperasi dengan BBG. Yaitu dengan modifikasi dan penambahan alat berupa converter-kit, sehingga mesin konvensional bisa menjadi mesin dual fuel. Dalam kegiatan ini kami membuat alat converter-kit untuk bisa dipasang pada mesin kapal nelayan dan menghibahkan alat tersebut kepada nelayan di daerah Kenjeran Surabaya. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan berdasarkan uji laboratorium, performansi mesin diesel masih stabil ketika menggunakan mode dual fuel, yaitu daya yang dihasilkan. Kemudian untuk konsumsi bahan bakar terjadi penurunan yang signifikan dengan komposisi BBM & BBG. Selain itu tingkat emisi yang dihasilkan baik itu NOx, SOx & partikel karbon turun drastis karena penggunaan gas. Dari sini kami bisa simpulkan bahwa penggunaan gas pada mode dual-fuel lebih ekonomis dan lebih ramah lingkungan.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Pompa Hydram dan Pemetaan Drone dalam Perencanaan Distribusi Jaringan Air Bersih pada Lokasi Bencana Gempa, Desa Wirotaman Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Imaaduddiin Muhammad Hafiizh , Khoiri Mohamad , Machsus Machsus , Kuntjoro Kuntjoro , Tajunnisa Yuyun , Affandhie Raden Buyung Anugraha , Apsari Auliagitta Kumala
Published: September 2022

Desa Wirotaman merupakan salah satu desa terdampak bencana gempa bumi yang terjadi pada April 2021 lalu yang berdampak pada runtuhnya beberapa bangunan dan terganggunya sistem distribusi air bersih pada beberapa lokasi. Padahal, banyak ditemukan sumber mata air di Desa ini yang seharusnya dapat memenuhi kebutuhan warganya. Namun fakta nya, perolehan sumber daya air di desa ini masih belum merata seluruhnya. Beberapa wilayah mengalami kendala air bersih sehingga warganya harus berjalan menuju sumber mata air sambil membawa jerigen-jerigen untuk kemudian dibawa ke rumah masing-masing. Untuk itu, tim abdimas melaksanakan pemasangan pompa hidram pada salah satu sumber mata air di lokasi yang sulit mengakses air bersih untuk memperpendek jarak sehingga air lebih mudah diakses oleh warga. Selain itu, dilakukan pula pengukuran GCP dan pengambilan data citra menggunakan drone. Dari kedua pengukuran ini akan didapat peta orthophoto yang dapat dijadikan acuan dalam perencanaan jalur perpipaan karena memuat data elevasi dan koordinat wilayah.
Inovasi Pemasaran Digital Berbasis Teknologi 4.0 untuk Mendukung Jargon “Desa Berdaya Kota Berjaya”
Authors: Ardiantono Dewie Saktia , Nasution Arman Hakim , Nareswari Ninditya , Ananda Sesarius Bertrand , Duta Herlingga Arya , Sari Irena Puspita , Marlita Nelvi Dwi , Manggala Naufaldy Wahyu
Published: September 2022

Kekayaan alam Indonesia tidak hanya tempat terkemuka maupun yang sudah dikenali oleh masyarakat luas. Secara definitif, terdapat banyak sekali tempat yang dapat dieksplorasi keberaadaan dan keindahanya. Selain lima destinasi superprioritas yang diupayakan olehKementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif, daerah-daerah terpencil perlu diperhatikan sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Kawasan Lembah Mbencirang yang terletak diDesa Kebontunggul, Mojokerto yang dikelola oleh BUMDES setempat merupakan sebuah daerah terpadu dengan potensi alam dan pedesaan yang unik yang cocok untuk relaksasi dan juga rekreasiberupa alam pedesaan, kolam renang, budidaya tanaman toga sungai, dan didukung oleh UMKM setempat dibidang Food and Beverages . Dengan berbagai macam potensi, cukup disayangkanbahwa dalam proses pengembangannya terdapat berbagai kendala baik dari segi pemasaran aspek penunjang lainnya. Disinilah peran ekosistem berbasis digitalisasi digunakan untuk memberikanakses yang mudah dan terstruktur bagi perkembangan desa, khususnya dalam pemasaran secara digital. Dari permasalahan inilah, maka dapat dikembangkan sarana, prasarana, kebijakan dan berbagai macam fitur untuk memasarkan, mengenalkan dan memberikan dampak bagi masyarakatdengan dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Adapun kebermanfaatan yang diberikan antara lain kesadaran terhadap pariwisata lokal dan peningkatan perekonomian lokal melalui kekayaan alam yang semakindikenali, dimiliki dan dikemudian hari dikembangkan dengan optimal.
Community Service: Education and Service Learning for Micro Business's Parachurch
Authors: Mokoginta Dirgantara Dahana , Memarista Gesti , Setyawan Annisa Alfa , Kristyanto Visi Saujaningati , Kristina Natalia
Published: September 2022

During the restrictions on community activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic, GKI Emaus Surabaya urges church congregations to worship at home online and severely restricts church attendance. As a result, the micro-business community in the church experienced a significant decline in income. The community relies heavily on large numbers of the congregation in the church to sell the products optimally. This service-learning activity was held to help the GKI Emaus Surabaya micro-business community to be able to perform financial records more accurately with the help of Microsoft Excel so that the micro-business community can maximize capital during this difficult time. Activities are carried out virtually in the form of webinars and assistance in preparing financial records. After this activity, participants stated that they had gained a better understanding of the importance of detailed financial records and could use the basic features of Microsoft Excel for financial records. The target of this activity is to make participants familiar with the use of Microsoft Excel for financial recording purposes.
Workshop Implementasi Statistika dalam Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di SMKN 5 Surabaya
Authors: Mukarromah Adatul , Fithriasari Kartika , Iriawan Nur , Irhamah Irhamah , Kuswanto Heri , Winahju Wiwiek Setya
Published: September 2022

Salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki oleh guru berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 16 Tahun 2007 Tentang Standar Kualifikasi Akademik dan Kompetensi Guru adalah melakukan penelitian dan pengembangan. Metode Statistika memegang peranan penting dalam penyusunan dan pelaksanaan suatu penelitian. Pada umumnya guru belum mempunyai dasar Statistika yang kuat. Penulisan karya ilmiah juga hal yang penting dalam pencapaian kompetensi bagi guru. Oleh karena itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan workshop metode statistika ke guru di SMKN 5 Surabaya sehingga dapat memberikan hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang lebih baik setelah mengimplementasikan ilmu statistika didalamnya. Materi yang diberikan antara lain Pendahuluan tentang Statistika dan Penelitian Tindakan Keguruan, Sekilas Penulisan Ilmiah dan Penyusunan Dokumen Hasil Penelitian Tindakan Keguruan, Statistika Deskriptif dan Estimasi Parameter, Pengujian Hipotesis, Korelasi, Tabulasi Silang dan Analisis Regresi. Setelah workshop, dilakukan pendampingan terhadap penulisan artikel ilmiah hasil PTK yang disusun oleh guru, baik dari segi pengolahan dan analisis data maupun penyajian dalam artikel berupa jurnal maupun seminar nasional/ internasional. Selain itu modul workshop tentang metode statistika untuk PTK dapat dimanfaatkan oleh peserta pengabdian untuk mengembangkan kemampuan mengolah dan menganalisis data.
Middle and Neo-Babylonian Literary Texts in the Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection, Jena
Authors: Jiménez Enrique
Published: September 2022

The book contains first editions of thirty-three cuneiform tablets from the Frau Professor Hilprecht Collection, dating to the second half of the second millennium and the first millennium BCE, as well as duplicates and parallels from other museums. The majority of the edited tablets stem from the city of Nippur, but the book also includes manuscripts from Assur and Babylon. The tablets comprise literary, magic, and divinatory texts, as well as fifteen Middle and Neo-Babylonian school manuscripts with excerpts from various compositions. The literary texts include a large prayer invoking blessings of Nippur gods upon the king, known in other cities as well; a wisdom monologue, and a manuscript of The Exaltation of Ištar. The magic section includes Middle Babylonian versions of anti-witchcraft incantations previously known in the first millennium, as well as exorcistic spells, and formulas to be recited upon the consecration of Nippur priests. Extispicy, hemerologies, and physiognomy are among the divinatory texts edited. The school tablets contain excerpts from several texts previously unknown to have survived into the respective periods, such as a Middle Babylonian version of Tamarisk and Palm and a first-millennium version of the wisdom text Hearken to the Advice. The introduction of the book contains an overview of Nippur history, as well as a discussion of the provenance of the tablets and their social and school contexts. The city of Nippur, whose scholarly production circulated widely in Antiquity, is strangely bereft of scholarly manuscripts, a fact that the book seeks to explain.
Apparatus and its principle for thermal aberration compensation
Authors: Yu Xinfeng , Yang Huaijiang , Ni Mingyang
Published: September 2022

Thermal aberrations caused by absorption of laser beams degrade the image quality of exposure tools during the working process. Many compensators, such as lens movement or lens deformation, are used to compensate for low-order thermal aberrations of optical systems. In this paper, an apparatus with higher-order aberration correction capability is presented. The main principle of the apparatus is to actively heat and cool the lens near the pupil to generate a desired temperature profile to compensate for thermal aberrations. We first introduce the basic concept of the apparatus. Then we establish an analytical model to describe the lens temperature of the apparatus based on its working principle and demonstrate its compensation capability. Finally, an algorithm for dynamic thermal aberrations compensation is proposed to overcome the time lag effects of a thermally controlled lens.
Defect extraction method for additive manufactured parts with improved learning-based image super-resolution and the Canny algorithm
Authors: Peng Xing , Kong Lingbao
Published: September 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a highly competitive, low-cost, and high-degree-of-manufacturing technology. However, AM still has limitations because of some defects. Thus, defect detection technology is essential for quality enhancement in the AM process. Super-resolution (SR) technology can be utilized to improve defect image quality and enhance defect extraction performance. This study proposes a defect extraction method for additive manufactured parts with improved learning-based image SR and the Canny algorithm (LSRC), which is based on direct mapping methodology. The LSRC method is compared with the bicubic interpolation algorithm and the neighbor embedding (NE) algorithm in SR reconstruction quality and robustness. The experimental results show that the proposed LSRC method achieves satisfactory performance in terms of the averaged information entropy (E), standard deviation (SD), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity (SSIM), which are 7.259, 45.301, 27.723, and 0.822, respectively. The accordingly average improvement rates of the E, SD, PSNR, and SSIM, are 0.45%, 7.15%, 5.85%, and 6.35% in comparison with the bicubic interpolation algorithm, while the comparison data are 0.97%, 13.40%, 10.55%, and 15.35% in terms of the NE algorithm. This indicates that the LSRC method is significantly better than the comparison algorithm in reconstruction quality and robustness, which is of great significance for the extraction and analysis of key defect information of additive manufactured parts.
Estimating and monitoring laser-induced damage size on glass windows with a deep-learning-based pipeline
Authors: Ben Soltane Isam , Hallo Guillaume , Lacombe Chloé , Lamaignère Laurent , Bonod Nicolas , Néauport Jérome
Published: September 2022

Laser-induced damage is a major issue in high power laser facilities
such as the Laser MégaJoule (LMJ) and National Ignition
Facility (NIF) since they lower the efficiency of optical components
and may even require their replacement. This problem occurs mainly in
the final stages of the laser beamlines and in particular in the glass
windows through which laser beams enter the central vacuum chamber.
Monitoring such damage sites in high energy laser facilities is,
therefore, of major importance. However, the automatic monitoring of
damage sites is challenging due to the small size of damage sites and
to the low-resolution images provided by the onsite camera used to
monitor their occurrence. A systematic approach based on a deep
learning computer vision pipeline is introduced to estimate the
dimensions of damage sites of the glass windows of the LMJ facility.
The ability of the pipeline to specialize in the estimation of damage
sites of a size less than the repair threshold is demonstrated by
showing its higher efficiency than classical machine learning
approaches in the specific case of damage site images. In addition,
its performances on three datasets are evaluated to show both
robustness and accuracy.
Broadband and low-loss TM-pass polarizer using tilted subwavelength structures
Authors: Barona-Ruiz Miguel , Pérez-Armenta Carlos , Ortega-Moñux Alejandro , Wangüemert-Pérez Gonzalo , Molina-Fernández íñigo , Cheben Pavel , Halir Robert
Published: September 2022

Photonic systems built on the Silicon-on-Insulator platform exhibit a strong birefringence, and must thus be operated with a single polarization for most applications. Hence, on-chip polarizers that can effectively suppress an undesired polarization state are key components for these systems. Polarizers that extinguish TE polarized light while letting TM polarized light pass with low losses are particularly challenging to design for the standard 220 nm Silicon-on-Insulator platform, because the modal confinement is stronger for TE polarization than for TM polarzation. Here, we propose and design a broadband, low loss and high extinction ratio TM-pass polarizer by engineering a Bragg grating that reflects the fundamental TE mode into the first order TE mode using a subwavelength metamaterial which at the same time allows the TM mode to pass. Our device achieves an extinction ratio in excess of 20 dB, insertion losses below 0.5 dB and back-reflections of the fundamental TE mode of the order of −20 dB in a bandwidth of 150 nm as demonstrated with full 3D-FDTD simulations.
Efficient freeform-based pattern projection system for 3D measurements
Authors: Speck Henri , Munkelt Christoph , Heist Stefan , Kühmstedt Peter , Notni Gunther
Published: September 2022

For three-dimensional (3D) measurement of object surface and shape by pattern projection systems, we used a hybrid projection system, i.e., a combination of a projection lens and a transmissive freeform to generate an aperiodic sinusoidal fringe pattern. Such a freeform effects a light redistribution, thus leading to an effective and low-loss pattern projection, as it increases the total transmission intensity of the system and has less power dissipation than classical projection systems. In this paper, we present the conception and realization of the measurement setup of a transmissive fringe projection system. We compare the characteristics of the generated intensity distribution with the classical system based on GOBO (GOes Before Optics) projection and show measurement results of different surface shapes, recorded with the new system.
Quantum gas microscope assisted with T-shape vacuum viewports
Authors: Tian Ye , Zhang Zhongchi , Ye Jilai , Zhao Yajuan , Hu Jiazhong , Chen Wenlan
Published: September 2022

A quantum gas microscope plays an important role in cold-atom experiments, which provides a high-resolution imaging of the spatial distributions of cold atoms. Here we design, build and calibrate an integrated microscope for quantum gases with all the optical components fixed outside the vacuum chamber. It provides large numerical aperture (NA) of 0.75, as well as good optical access from side for atom loading in cold-atom experiments due to long working distance (7 mm fused silica+6 mm vacuum) of the microscope objective. We make a special design of the vacuum viewport with a T-shape window, to suppress the window flatness distortion introduced by the metal-glass binding process, and protect the high-resolution imaging from distortions due to unflattened window. The achieved Strehl ratio is 0.9204 using scanning-near-field microscopy (SNOM) fiber coupling incoherent light as point light source.
Feedback-based wavefront shaping for weak light with lock-in beat frequency detection
Authors: Hsieh Chao-Mao , Ren Xiaojing , Liu Quan
Published: September 2022

Feedback-based wavefront shaping is a promising and versatile technique for enhancing the contrast of a target signal through highly scattering media. However, this technique can fail for low optical signals such as fluorescence and Raman signals or in a reflection setup because the trend in weak feedback signals can be easily overwhelmed by noise. To address this challenge, we develop a technique based on a single acousto-optic deflector (AOD) to create a signal with a selected beat frequency from optical signals that can serve as feedback, in which the phase distribution of various radio frequency components of the driving signal for the AOD is optimized for wavefront shaping. By shifting incident light frequency with the AOD, the feedback signal at a selected beat frequency can be measured with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by a lock-in amplifier, thus enabling the enhancement of weak target signals through highly scattering media. It is found that the method of lock-in beat frequency detection can significantly improve fluorescence imaging and Raman spectral measurements in a reflection setup, and thus could be potentially used for in vivo measurements.
Topological Floquet bound states in the continuum
Authors: Li Chunyan , Kartashov Yaroslav V. , Konotop Vladimir V.
Published: September 2022

A honeycomb array of helical waveguides with zigzag-zigzag edges and a refractive index gradient orthogonal to the edges may support Floquet bound states in the continuum (BICs). The gradient of the refractive index leads to strong asymmetry of the Floquet–Bloch spectrum. The mechanism of creation of such Floquet BICs is understood as emergence of crossings and avoided crossings of the branches supported by spatially limited stripe array. The whole spectrum of a finite array is split into the bulk branches being a continuation of the edge states in the extended zone revealing multiple self-crossings and bulk modes disconnected from the gap states by avoided crossings. Nearly all states in the system are localized due to the gradient, but topological edge states manifest much stronger localization than other states. Such strongly localized Floquet BICs coexist with localized Wannier–Stark-like bulk modes. Robustness of the edge Floquet states is confirmed by their passage through a localized edge defect in the form of a missing waveguide.
Broadband telecom photon pairs from a fiber-integrated PPLN ridge waveguide
Authors: Kumar Yadav Vikash , Venkataraman Vivek , Ghosh Joyee
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a spectrally correlated photon-pair source at telecom wavelengths (spanning across the S-, C-, and L-bands), based on type-0 spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) in a fiber-coupled Zn-indiffused MgO doped periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) ridge waveguide. Modal analysis of the waveguide performed through numerical finite element method (FEM) simulation indicates that device temperature can be used to dramatically vary and control the emission spectrum. Efficient photon-pair generation is measured over a broad wavelength range from ∼1520 − 1580 nm [full width at half maximum (FWHM) > 45 nm] with a coincidence-to-accidental ratio (CAR) as high as ∼668 and spectral brightness ∼2.5 × 107 pairs/s/mW/nm. Such sources can be employed in wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) quantum key distribution (QKD) over existing fiber-optic networks.
Gross anatomy of the gluteal and posterior thigh muscles in koalas based on their innervations
Authors: Tojima Sayaka , Anetai Hidaka , Koike Kaito , Anetai Saori , Tokita Kounosuke , Leigh Chris , Kumaratilake Jaliya
Published: September 2022

Morphological and functional comparison of convergently-evolved traits in marsupials and eutherians is an important aspect of studying adaptive divergence in mammals. However, the anatomy of marsupials has been particularly difficult to evaluate for multiple reasons. First, previous studies on marsupial anatomy are often uniformly old and non-exhaustive. Second, muscle identification was historically based on muscle attachment sites, but attachment sites have since been declared insufficient for muscle identification due to extensive interspecific variation. For example, different names have been used for muscles that are now thought to be equivalent among several different species, which causes confusion. Therefore, descriptions of marsupial muscles have been inconsistent among previous studies, and their anatomical knowledge itself needs updating. In this study, the koala was selected as the representative marsupial, in part because koala locomotion may comprise primate (eutherian)-like and marsupial-like mechanics, making it an interesting phylogenetic group for studying adaptive divergence in mammals. Gross dissection of the lower limb muscles (the gluteal and the posterior thigh regions) was performed to permit precise muscle identification. We first resolved discrepancies among previous studies by identifying muscles according to their innervation; this recent, more reliable technique is based on the ontogenetic origin of the muscle, and it allows for comparison with other taxa (i.e., eutherians). We compared our findings with those of other marsupials and arboreal primates and identified traits common to both arboreal primates and marsupials as well as muscle morphological features unique to koalas.
Deriving and interpreting population size estimates for adolescent and young key populations at higher risk of HIV transmission: Men who have sex with men and females who sell sex
Authors: Johnston Lisa Grazina , Nguyen Van Kinh , Balakrishnan Sudha , Lwamba Chibwe , Khalifa Aleya , Sabin Keith
Published: September 2022

Population sizes of adolescent (15- to 19-years) and young (20 to 24-years) key populations at risk for HIV transmission are essential for developing effective national HIV control strategies. We present new population size estimates of adolescent and young men who have sex with men and females who sell sex from 184 countries in nine UNICEF regions using UNAIDS published population size estimations submitted by national governments to derive 15-24-year-old population proportions based on the size of equivalent adult general populations. Imputed sizes based on regional estimates were used for countries or regions where adult proportion estimates were unavailable. Proportions were apportioned to adolescents and young adults based on age at sexual debut, by adjusting for the cumulative percentage of the sexually active population at each age for sex. Among roughly 69.5 million men who have sex with men, 12 million are under the age of 24 years, of whom 3 million are adolescents. There are an estimated 1.4 million adolescent and 3.7 million young females who sell sex. Roughly four and a half million adolescent men who have sex with men and females who sell sex would benefit from early HIV interventions. These population size estimates suggest there are roughly 17 million adolescent and young men who have sex with men and females who sell sex who need HIV prevention services and social support. These data provide evidence for national and international programs to determine how many adolescent and young key populations need essential health services and are living with HIV and other infections. Age disaggregated population sizes inform epidemic models, which increasingly use age-sex structures and are often used to obtain and allocate resources and human capacity and to plan critical prevention, treatment, and infection control programs.
Dietary practices and nutritional status of young children in the former ensete monoculture dominated Sidama region, southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Behailu Tsigereda , Mengesha Selamawit , Lindtjorn Bernt , S. Engebretsen Ingunn Marie
Published: September 2022

Background

Child undernutrition is a challenge in Ethiopia, where morbidity and mortality among children are attributed to it. This study aimed to describe the dietary practices, household food insecurity, and nutritional status of young children in Dale district, Sidama region, southern Ethiopia. We discuss our findings in light of research from the same area 3 to 5 decades ago, and we analyze factors associated with linear growth of young children.

Method

A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed. Children less than two years old and their primary caretakers (n = 903) were included in this study. Among whom 791 children were aged above six months and 742 children out of 791 provided a 24-hour dietary recall. Interviews capturing other dietary practices, food insecurity, socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and haemoglobin assessments were performed for all. The WHO Child Growth Standards were used to calculate anthropometric indices and to describe stunting (length-for-age z-score <-2). Haemoglobin measures below 11g/dl were defined as low haemoglobin levels (anaemia). Multilevel linear regression was used to identify factors associated with length-for-age z-scores.

Result

The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and anaemia was 39.5%, 3.9%, and 61.7%, respectively. The majority of children (97%) ate cereals (maize) during the past 24 hours, and 79.6% of households use maize as the main food. Three fourth (75%) of the total households were food insecure ranging from mild to severe food insecurity. Boys were at higher risk of having lower length-for-age z-score than girls (β -0.53; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.78, -0.27). For each month the children grew older, length-for-age z-score decreased slightly (β -0.06; -0.07, -0.04). Household food insecurity scores (β -0.05; -0.08, -0.01) and children haemoglobin levels, (β 0.21; 0.06, 0.35) were also associated with length-for-age z-score among young children.

Conclusion

Linear growth failure (stunting) was prevalent among young children in the rural Sidama region and the majority of them were also anaemic. Older age, male sex, a lower haemoglobin level in children, and household food insecurity were risk factors of linear growth failure in young children. Maize seems to be the dominant food in this previously ensete dominated area; however, there have been minimal improvements in length-for-age z-score over decades. Strategies to ensure household’s food access and improve the quality of child diets need to be implemented.
Stenoparib, an inhibitor of cellular poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), blocks in vitro replication of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Zarn Katherine E. , Jaramillo Sierra A. , Zapata Anthony R. , Stone Nathan E. , Jones Ashley N. , Nunnally Haley E. , Settles Erik W. , Ng Ken , Keim Paul S. , Knudsen Steen , Nuijten Patricia M. , Tijsma Aloys S. L. , French Christopher T.
Published: September 2022

We recently published a preliminary assessment of the activity of a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, stenoparib, also known as 2X-121, which inhibits viral replication by affecting pathways of the host. Here we show that stenoparib effectively inhibits a SARS-CoV-2 wild type (BavPat1/2020) strain and four additional variant strains; alpha (B.1.1.7), beta (B.1.351), delta (B.1.617.2) and gamma (P.1) in vitro, with 50% effective concentration (EC50) estimates of 4.1 μM, 8.5 μM, 24.1 μM, 8.2 μM and 13.6 μM, respectively. A separate experiment focusing on a combination of 10 μM stenoparib and 0.5 μM remdesivir, an antiviral drug, resulted in over 80% inhibition of the alpha variant, which is substantially greater than the effect achieved with either drug alone, suggesting at least additive effects from combining the different mechanisms of activity of stenoparib and remdesivir.
Combining aerial photos and LiDAR data to detect canopy cover change in urban forests
Authors: Coupland Kathleen , Hamilton David , Griess Verena C.
Published: September 2022

The advancement and accessibility of high-resolution remotely sensed data has made it feasible to detect tree canopy cover (TCC) changes over small spatial scales. However, the short history of these high-resolution collection techniques presents challenges when assessing canopy changes over longer time scales (> 50 years). This research shows how using high-resolution LiDAR data in conjunction with historical aerial photos can overcome this limitation. We used the University of British Columbia’s Point Grey campus in Vancouver, Canada, as a case study, using both historical aerial photographs from 1949 and 2015 LiDAR data. TCC was summed in 0.05 ha analysis polygons for both the LiDAR and aerial photo data, allowing for TCC comparison across the two different data types. Methods were validated using 2015 aerial photos, the means (Δ 0.24) and a TOST test indicated that the methods were statistically equivalent (±5.38% TCC). This research concludes the methods outlined is suitable for small scale TCC change detection over long time frames when inconsistent data types are available between the two time periods.
Contemporary Peruvian Cinema: History, Identity and Violence on Screen, Sarah Barrow (2018)
Authors: Jarman Rebecca
Published: September 2022

Review of: Contemporary Peruvian Cinema: History, Identity and Violence on Screen, Sarah Barrow (2018)

London and New York: I.B. Tauris, 342 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-78453-821-7, h/bk, £69.00
Casting Masculinity in Spanish Film: Negotiating Identity in a Consumer Age, Mary T. Hartson (2017)
Authors: Fouz Hernández Santiago
Published: September 2022

Review of: Casting Masculinity in Spanish Film: Negotiating Identity in a Consumer Age, Mary T. Hartson (2017)

New York: Lexington Books, 214 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-49853-711-7, h/bk, $95

ISBN 978-1-49853-712-4, e-book, $90
Multiplatform Media in Mexico: Growth and Change Since 2010, Paul Julian Smith (2019)
Authors: Thornton Niamh
Published: September 2022

Review of: Multiplatform Media in Mexico: Growth and Change Since 2010, Paul Julian Smith (2019)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 204 pp.,

ISBN 978-3-03017-539-9, p/bk, £20.29, e-book, £21.84
Documentary Filmmaking in Contemporary Brazil: Cinematic Archives of the Present, Gustavo Procopio Furtado (2019)
Authors: Bedran Marina
Published: September 2022

Review of: Documentary Filmmaking in Contemporary Brazil: Cinematic Archives of the Present, Gustavo Procopio Furtado (2019)

New York: Oxford University Press, 265 pp.,

ISBN 978-0190867041, h/bk, £64.00

ISBN 978-0190867058, p/bk, £25.99
Inhabiting the In-Between: Childhood and Cinema in Spain’s Long Transition, Sarah Thomas (2019)
Authors: Marsh Steven
Published: September 2022

Review of: Inhabiting the In-Between: Childhood and Cinema in Spain’s Long Transition, Sarah Thomas (2019)

Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 240 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-48750-488-5, h/bk, $77.00
lugar imposible
Authors: Zorita Arroyo Diego
Published: September 2022

En la España tardofranquista, un conjunto heterogéneo de poetas lanzó un grito en favor de abandonar la escritura. Dos fueron las principales corrientes: una de raíz letrista, que hizo de la técnica de la apropiación su seña distintiva y del azar su espíritu y otra, de raíz concreta, que aspiró a instaurar procedimientos objetivos de creación poética y a hacer del poema un objeto-estructura. Tratando de eludir ambas corrientes, José Luis Castillejo —que perteneció durante su primera etapa al grupo ZAJ— concibió su 'escritura no escrita', una trasposición de las ideas del modernismo pictórico greenbergiano al campo de la escritura. El presente artículo ofrece una crítica de la propuesta estética de Castillejo a partir del análisis de la primera de las obras de su etapa modernista: The book of I’s y de su paradójica relación con la variante concreta de la poesía experimental española.
Mina Loy y la demolición a través de la escritura
Authors: Sagasti Ruiz Janire
Published: September 2022

En un acercamiento a cierta estética de la locura como forma de escritura artística, se parte de un acercamiento a figuras disidentes y marginales que usaron el lenguaje como arma, estableciendo conexiones con la categoría subversiva de lo punk. Sin embargo, dentro de ese panorama de 'escritura maldita' que parece eternamente subyugado a la masculinidad, se hace necesario recobrar voces femeninas que han destacado en la historia por ese tono crudo y literal. El artículo rescata a una de las artistas femeninas más etéreas del siglo XX y precursora de las corrientes feministas: Mina Loy. Tanto en el ámbito lingüístico como en el plástico, la artista parte de una necesidad por atacar los cánones establecidos a través de una estética rupturista. Su capacidad de experimentación lingüística es expandida y desplazada correlativamente a su plástica, siendo indisociables de su propio carácter subversivo. Su obra merece ser atendida como fuerza artística de primer orden.
Art of the technological world
Authors: Armet Alizée
Published: September 2022

The objective of this article is to propose a study of the concept of "digital writing" through some artistic works. We wish to demonstrate that digital writing is more than present by its digital materialism. It teaches us that writing by and with machines makes us aware of the need to adopt a different approach to our knowledge of the history of writing. Taking up existing arguments and concepts, we wish to teach that the art of the technological world is a teaching to apprehend the existence of writing without humans.
Entrevistarte
Authors: Lay Trigo Sarahí
Published: September 2022

Este articulo reflexiona sobre la entrevista como estrategia de acercamiento en la investigación artística y sobre los dilemas a los que se enfrenta el investigador cuando tiene que trasladar a un texto escrito lo dialogado –con el otro y/o los otros– para dar cuenta de la experiencia. En otras palabras, cuando se quiere escribir lo vivido sin romper con esa acción de diálogo que va más allá de la palabra. Hay que tener presente que en el diálogo interactivo entre entrevistado y entrevistador no sólo se intercambian palabras sino también miradas, movimientos, y un sinfín de emociones y ausencias (como silencios) que sólo pueden experimentarse cuando se está ahí. Más aún cuando se trabaja con artistas, quienes en sí mismos podrían ser leídos como textos, pues incluso la presencia misma del protagonista da cuenta de su vida, de sus procesos y de sus modos de ser y hacer en el arte. Por eso es importante reflexionar sobre la naturaleza de la entrevista y sobre el acto de trasladar lo hablado a lo escrito en la investigación artística.
interacción y el texto
Authors: Villagómez Oviedo Cynthia Patricia
Published: September 2022

El arte electrónico y la definición del ámbito son motivo del presente artículo, así como el uso de recursos en sus procesos de producción, tales como, la interacción y el texto durante el desarrollo de la obra artística o en la versión final de la misma. Por otra parte, investigaciones recientes han demostrado que la interacción produce, las más de las veces, un interés mayor por parte del público en una obra de arte electrónico, lo que se vincula al objetivo del artista de que su obra sea recordada, y en su caso, sensibilice al participante en torno a aquellos aspectos que el artista considera meritorios de ser señalados. Se analizan también, una selección de trabajos artísticos en los que hay texto e interacción entre la obra y el público.