bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mortality Prediction of Microalbuminuria in Septic Patients
Authors: Omar Walid , Elsayed Marwa
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: Huge number of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers is produced during the process of sepsis. Its mortality prediction value needs to be determined.
AIM: To assess the prognostic value of Albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) in septic patients and its ability to predict mortality in comparison with Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II).
METHODS: Seventy-five Septic patients were included within 24 hours of sepsis diagnosis and were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). ACR values were obtained within 6 hours of ICU admission for all patients. Prognostic scoring systems [APACHE II and Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores] were calculated.
RESULTS: Twenty percent of enrolled patients died within 28 days of hospital admission. ACR was significantly higher in non-survivor in comparison to survivors (55.1 Â± 20.5 versus 30.2 Â± 35.7, p = 0.006). ACR â‰¥ 40 (mg/gm creatinine) was the cut-off point for predicting mortality with a sensitivity of 90.7% and specificity of 71.8% with total accuracy of 66% and AUC 0.75 (CI 0.62-0.88). Mean APACHE II score was significantly higher in non-survivors than survivor groups (21.4 versus 10.8, p < 0.001). ACR was positively correlated with highest SOFA score (r = 0.3, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: ACR is a simple prognostic marker in septic patient and could be used as a mortality predictor, particularly in early (within 6 hours) septic patients.
Heart Rate Variability as A Predictor of Hypotension Following Spinal Anesthesia for Elective Caesarian Section in Preeclamptic Parturients: A Descriptive Observational Study
Authors: Helmy Shehata Jehan , Ibrahim El Sakka Ahmed , Omran Amina , Abdeltawab Mahmoud Atia Gbre Mahmoud , Mohamed Ahmed Abdalla , Fetouh Ahmed Mohamed , Ahmed Aly Hassan Abourhama Abdelrahman , Belita Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: February 2020

AIM: In this study we aimed to find out the heart rate variability measuring using electrical cardiometry is not reliable as a predictor for hypotension following spinal anesthesia in preeclamptic parturients undergoing elective cesarean section.
METHODS: Electrical Cardiometry system was used to measure Heart rate variability (HRV) at five different time points before fluid loading (T0, baseline), after fluid loading (T1), 5 min after spinal anaesthesia (T2), 15 min after spinal anaesthesia (T3) and 30 min after spinal anaesthesia (T4). Traditional HRV measurement was determined using time-domain analysis. This Observational descriptive cohort study was conducted in Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University from February 2018 till June 2019, after approval of the Ethical Committee and written patients consent.
RESULTS: The main finding of the current study is that heart rate variability measuring using electrical cardiometry is not reliable as a predictor for hypotension following spinal anaesthesia in preeclamptic parturients undergoing elective cesarean section.
CONCLUSION: Heart rate variability cannot be used as a predictor for hypotension following spinal anaesthesia in preeclamptic patients undergoing elective caesarean section using electrical cardiometry.
Ensino de química para as séries iniciais: análise de correspondência entre desenho animado e experimentação adotados como estratégia no curso de pedagogia para o ensino de ciências
Authors: Silva Lucicleia Pereira da , Arruda Débora Da Cruz , Filgueiras Ligia Amaral , Silva Admilson Alcântara da
Published: February 2020

Nas séries iniciais, professores que atuam no ensino de Ciências carecem de formação adequada sobre estratégias didáticas para ensinar conceitos químicos em aulas do 1º ao 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Algumas propostas, utilizando a experimentação e atividades lúdicas vêm sendo aplicadas em sala de aula com resultados promissores. Este artigo objetivou avaliar, na percepção de pedagogos em formação inicial, a existência de correlação entre o uso do desenho animado "Show da Luna” e experimentação, enquanto estratégias para o ensino de Química nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. A investigação foi realizada durante a disciplina de Química e Metodologia do Ensino de Ciências, ministrada no curso de Pedagogia da Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA). Teve como participantes 101 graduandos de três turmas de diferentes campis do interior do Estado. Aplicou-se uma Sequência de Ensino Investigativa (SEI) sobre o tema “Fermentação”, explorando o episódio “Doce, pão doce!” (Show da Luna), integrado à atividade experimental em sala de aula. O enfoque da pesquisa foi quali-quantitativo, sendo aplicado questionário do tipo likert, contendo cinco questões com escala de preferência, variando as opções de: concordo totalmente (CT) a discordo totalmente (DT), seguidas de justificativa sobre a escolha. Procedeu-se a análise de correspondência, onde três mapas perceptuais foram gerados. Verificou-se: 1) a forte correlação entre experimentação e desenho, enquanto estratégias adequadas para o ensino de Química nos anos iniciais; 2) a eficácia na adoção das estratégias usadas simultaneamente para aprendizagem de conceitos químicos; 3) maior força de correlação na opção “concordo totalmente” com as estratégias de ensino no município de Moju. Com os resultados alcançados, sugere-se, conforme as percepções dos graduandos em formação, a adoção do desenho animado associado à experimentação para se trabalhar conhecimentos químicos nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.
Orphelines ou sœurs ?
Authors: Hobson Faure Laura
Published: February 2020

Peu d’attention historique a été accordée aux frères et sœurs en tant qu’unités familiales, pendant et après la Shoah. Les historiens ont tendance à considérer les « orphelins de la Shoah » comme des cas individuels. Cet article, établi à partir d’entretiens d’histoire orale, de dossiers sociaux, de papiers privés et d’archives organisationnelles françaises et américaines, utilise une approche microhistorique. À partir de l’expérience de deux sœurs ayant survécu à la Shoah en France et ayant ensuite immigré aux États-Unis, il questionne leur capacité à rester ensemble. L’article affirme que les orphelins ne sont pas aussi seuls que nous le pensions mais qu’il existe d’importantes différences dans la façon dont les frères et sœurs abordent et interagissent avec leur passé. Ainsi une interaction soutenue avec nos sujets de recherche peut-elle enrichir les résultats historiques.
Les relations franco-polonaises face aux événements de mars 1968 en Pologne
Authors: Weber Pierre-Frédéric
Published: February 2020

L’année 1968, marquée par une révolte générationnelle dans plusieurs sociétés occidentales, connut aussi des soubresauts dans certains pays socialistes où ils étaient partiellement motivés par d’autres aspirations – essentiellement à plus de liberté. Ainsi, en Pologne, les événements de « mars 68 » constituèrent une césure dans l’histoire de l’après-guerre. Au moment où la diplomatie française cherchait l’ouverture à l’Est en réactivant notamment ses liens traditionnels avec la Pologne, ces troubles du régime polonais mirent à l’épreuve les rapports franco-polonais, mais des facteurs tant intérieurs à la France que dus au contexte international absorbèrent ces turbulences, finalement sans effet majeur sur la suite des relations bilatérales.
Libération homosexuelle et socialisme réel à Berlin-Est
Authors: Kiani Sarah
Published: February 2020

L’article interroge le concept de « révolution sexuelle » en observant le cadre discursif du premier mouvement homosexuel du bloc de l’Est dans une dynamique comparative avec le mouvement de Berlin-Ouest au cours des années 1970. Si le mouvement de libération homosexuelle apparaît à l’Ouest dans la continuité d’autres luttes sociales, il cherche en RDA à inscrire son projet émancipateur dans celui du « socialisme réel ». Malgré cette différence de cadres sociaux et politiques dans lesquels les deux mouvements évoluent, ils cherchent tous deux à imposer une discussion sur les homosexualités dans un espace public dont ils se sentent exclus. Cet article souligne l’importance des circulations entre les deux côtés du Mur, et plaide pour une analyse de l’histoire de la RDA qui prenne en compte les pratiques des acteurs.
Activation of high flux test module sample holder after IFMIF-DONES operation
Authors: Breidokaitė Simona , Stankūnas Gediminas , Tidikas Andrius
Published: February 2020

Nuclear safety assessment in nuclear fusion devices relies on the Monte Carlo method based neutron transport calculations. This paper presents information about the calculation results of the activities and dose rates caused by neuron irradiation for the structural materials of the high flux test module sample holder of IFMIF-DONES. The neutron induced activities and dose rates at shutdown were calculated by means of the FISPACT-2010 code with data from the EAF-2010 nuclear data library. Neutron fluxes and spectra were obtained with MCNP neutron transport calculations. The activities and dose rates were calculated at the end of irradiation of the assumed device operation scenario for cooling times of 0 s – 1000 year. In addition, radionuclides with contribution of at least 0.5% to the total value of activation characteristics at the previously mentioned cooling times were identified. After the operation, the most active radionuclide is 55Fe, with an activity share ranging from 30% (M200) to 63% (M8), and at the end of the prediction it accounts for 86% of the total activity. The highest dose rates at the end of irradiation are attributed to 56Mn radionuclide. 54Mn and 60Co are the most dominant radionuclides during intermediate and long cool-down periods.
L’antijudaïsme dans la littérature canonique africaine tardo-antique
Authors: Villey Thomas
Published: February 2020

Cet article propose d’examiner l’ensemble de la législation ecclésiastique relative aux juifs, produite ou reçue en Afrique durant l’Antiquité tardive, et de voir ce qu’elle nous apprend sur les rapports entre chrétiens et juifs et sur l’antijudaïsme chrétien dans cette région du monde méditerranéen. Cette législation, qui témoigne assurément de l’hostilité du clergé à l’égard des juifs, présente une originalité certaine. Plutôt que d’émettre des canons visant à limiter l’influence religieuse des juifs sur les chrétiens, l’Église africaine du début du Ve siècle chercha à restreindre les capacités juridiques des juifs et donc leurs droits civils – du moins d’après la documentation qui nous est parvenue – et ce à une date plus précoce que la législation impériale.
Jérusalem, un statut en question
Authors: Persyn Emmanuel
Published: February 2020

Cet article est consacré au statut de Jérusalem. Il traite des questions suivantes : quelle est la perception de la ville ? Quel est le statut juridique de cette ville revendiquée par les Israéliens comme par les Palestiniens ? Quelle est la réalité économique, démographique et sociale sur le terrain ? L’auteur décrit notamment la stratégie israélienne pour étendre la municipalité de Jérusalem à travers l’intégration des villages arabes.
Study on Affecting Factors and Mechanism of Oil Tubing Corrosion in Northern Shaanxi Oil Field
Authors: Ma Yun , Liu Shi Tao , Zhang Hong , Feng Yu Han , Gou Shun Chao , Bai Hai Tao
Published: February 2020

Tubing corrosion is a difficult problem in oilfield production. In order to explore the main factors influencing the tubing corrosion, this study first select some region of northern shaanxi 28 Wells, spent nearly 2 years of tubing corrosion weightlessness method of monitoring and analysis of physical and chemical properties of produced fluid to conduct a comprehensive system, then SPSS program is used to analyze the 11 influence factors such as temperature, moisture content, pH and the correlation of corrosion, at the same time in order to verify the accuracy of the statistical analysis of the results, the spot corrosion coupon for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the water content, chloride ion and sulfide of the produced fluid are relatively high, and the water quality is alkaline. Through grey correlation calculation, the correlation degree with corrosion rate is 0.8386, 0.8281 and 0.8281, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis are basically consistent with the statistical analysis, indicating that the property of produced fluid can be used to predict the corrosion status of tubing.
The Research of Processing Methods of Thin-Walled Waffle Constructions Taking into Account Technological Deformations
Authors: Zuev Roman V. , Zhargalova Ayagma
Published: February 2020

Technologists often notice deformations after machining waffle construction of the shell. In that case, size characteristics go beyond tolerance field. Waffle constructions are widely used in aviation and rocket science, because thin-walled constructions allow decreasing mass of products. Results of calculations of standard machining parameters are given in the article. Review of literature sources allow to summarize the main solutions of the problems with deformations. Author has made a conclusion of technological restrictions and field of application of selected approaches.
Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network Approach to Predict the Flow Stress in Isothermal Tensile Test of Medium Carbon Steel Material
Authors: Murugesan Mohanraj , Jung Dong Won
Published: February 2020

Isothermal tensile test of medium carbon steel material was conducted on a computer controlled servo-hydraulic testing machine at the deformation temperatures (923 to 1223 K) and the strain rates (0.05 to 1.0 s-1). Using the experimental data, the artificial neural network (ANN) model with a back-propagation (BP) algorithm was proposed to predict the hot deformation behavior of medium carbon steel material. For the model training and testing purpose, deformation temperature, strain rate and strain data were considered as inputs and in addition, the flow stress data were used a targets. Before running the neural network, the test data were normalized to effectively run the problem and after solving the problem, the obtained results were again converted in order to achieve the actual data. According to the predicted results, the coefficient of determination (R2) and the average absolute relative error between the predicted flow stress and the experimental data were determined as 0.997 and 0.913%, respectively. In addition, by evaluating each test conditions, it was found that the average absolute relative error based on an ANN model varied from 0.55% to 1.36% and moreover, the results showed the better predictability compared with the measured data. Overall, the trained BP-ANN model is found to be much more efficient and accurate by means of flow stress prediction with respect to the experimental data for an entire tested conditions.
A Study on Cost Optimization of External Cylindrical Grinding
Authors: Hong Tran Thi , Hoang Xuan Tu , Ky Le Hong , Nguyen Quoc Tuan , Nguyen Thanh Tu , Nga Nguyen Thi Thanh , Jun Gong , Pi Vu Ngoc
Published: February 2020

Grinding cost is an essential factor in a grinding process. In external cylindrical grinding, there has been an absence of various input grinding process parameters which have significant effects on the grinding cost. This paper presents an optimization of the grinding cost to determine the optimum exchanged grinding wheel diameter based on the seven input grinding parameters consisting of the initial grinding wheel diameter, the grinding wheel width, the wheel life, the radial grinding wheel wear per dress, the total depth of dressing cut, the machine tool hourly rate, and the grinding wheel cost. Combined with the screening experiments, the influence of the grinding parameters on the optimum exchanged grinding wheel diameter for the external cylindrical grinding process was examined. In addition, the effect of the interactions between the input grinding parameters was also evaluated. Finally, the regression equation for computing the optimum exchanged grinding wheel diameter was introduced. Therefore, the proposed model can be further applied for the external grinding process effectively.
Thin Platinum Films Topology Formation on Ceramic Membranes
Authors: Samotaev Nikolay , Oblov Konstantin , Etrekova Maya , Ivanova Anastasia , Veselov Denis , Gorshkova Anastasiya
Published: February 2020

This article presents the technological aspects of experiments on the stable topological patterns formation from thin films of platinum on ceramic membranes. Platinum thin films were deposited by magnetron sputtering on a clean or pre-activated laser ceramics surface. After the deposition of platinum films, the method of various short-term laser irradiation was attempted to form a topological pattern. The results are discussed.
Microstructure Formation and Characterization of Nano-Tin Oxide Thin Films Prepared Using Different Concentration
Authors: Xu Ming Han , Wang Fang , Yang Chao , Wang Rui Hua , Li Shi Bin , Du Da Ming , Song Jie Guang , Chen Lin
Published: February 2020

Nano-SnO2 is a relatively important semiconductor material. Its crystal structure is unique rutile type. It has the advantages of high conductivity, high transparency and stable chemical properties. It is widely used in gas sensing detectors and solar cells for photoelectric conversion. Applications. In this paper, SnO2 nanofilms with different crystal structures were prepared by changing the three process parameters of salt concentration, reaction time and hydrothermal temperature in hydrothermal method. The samples were tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and three-dimensional ultra-depth microscopy analyzer. As the concentration of the reaction solution increases, the macroscopic thickness of the film gradually thickens, and the three-dimensional structure of the surface changes from flat to coarse to coarse peak. The peak between the peaks first increases and then decreases, and the surface microstructure is The conditions change are not obvious. Through the comprehensive comparison of film integrity and surface area, it is found that the concentration is 0.03mol/L, which is relatively better.
Effect of NaOH Concentration on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the PEO Coatings on Mg-Al3-Zn1 Alloy
Authors: Rehman Zeeshan Ur , Jeong Chanyoung , Choi Dong Jin
Published: February 2020

In this work, the effect of NaOH concentration on the properties of PEO coatings formed on AZ31B Mg alloy is studied. Composition and structure analysis of coatings were carried out by XRD and SEM. From the results, it was found that the number of pores, defects and width of the discharge traces are highly dependent on NaOH concentration. Major phases of the coating identified from XRD were consisted of MgO and Mg2SiO4. The crystallinity of the coatings and magnitude of MgO phase was highly incremented with NaOH concentration. From the Vickers hardness test it was observed that hardness of the coatings prepared in 2g/l of NaOH have the highest values~1050HV, with peak wear resistance values.
Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) Domain Protein Inhibitors for Solid Tumor Cancers
Authors: Nguyen Martin V. , Loof Lydia , Falchook Gerald S.
Published: February 2020

The bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) domain protein family is involved in the process of transcription of genetic information. The BET protein family includes BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and bromodomain testis-specific protein. BET protein alterations are associated with some solid tumor cancers, including nuclear protein in testis midline carcinoma. BET protein has a role in carcinogenesis and in the regulation of the cell cycle. A number of BET inhibitors have entered clinical trials. This review discusses the results of BET inhibitor clinical trials in solid tumor cancers.
Classification of anatomical variants of maxillary sinus shapes and symmetry using computerized tomographic imaging
Authors: Aliu Abdulhameed , Mohammad Ma’aji S. , Sirajo Bello S. , Ibrahim Ahmad M. , Abdullahi Zagga D.
Published: February 2020

Background:

The maxillary sinus is characterized by a considerable variation in sizes and shapes and between the right and left sides. Due to easy access to all its walls and surfaces, imaging via computerized tomography (CT) has enhanced the quality and quantity of information obtainable from the assessment of the maxillary sinus.

Aim:

To determine normal variations in shapes and symmetry of the maxillary sinus using CT.

Methods:

A total of 130 subjects comprising 79 males and 51 females, between the ages of 20 and 80 years, with normal maxillary sinus CT anatomy, who had head CT scans carried out at the Radiology Department of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto, over a period of five years, were used for this study. Images were taken with a GE Bright Speed Multidetector Helical CT (GE Healthcare, USA, 2005) Scanner, while films were viewed on the computer monitor. Variations in shapes of the maxillary sinus were identified on axial images and classified based on their resemblance to known shapes of solids. Data were analyzed using Minitab 16.0 statistical package (Minitab inc. USA).

Results:

Five distinct shapes of the maxillary sinus were identified. These were: irregular in two subjects (0.77%) (right = 1 and left = 1); oval in three subjects (1.15%) (right = 2 and left = 1); quadrangular in three subjects (1.15%) (right = 2 and left = 1); spherical in 61 subjects (23.46%) (right = 30 and left = 31); and triangular 191 (73.46%) (right = 95 and left = 96). Shapes were symmetrical in 85.38% and asymmetrical in 14.62% of subjects.

Conclusion:

Five normal but distinct shapes of the maxillary sinus were identified, with the predominant shape, being the triangular type, and sinuses of individuals were frequently symmetrical in shape.
Safety and Efficacy of Lithium for Treating Bipolar Disorder In the Older Adult
Authors: Bailey Trista Askins , Burton Caitlin E.
Published: February 2020

The population of older adults with bipolar disorder is growing, not only because of the increase in the percentage of the population 65 years of age and older, but also because of an increase in awareness about mental health issues in this population. For years, lithium has been one
of the first-line options for treating bipolar disorder, but data in the older population have mostly been inconclusive or extrapolated from younger populations. Questions of tolerability and safety in the older adult have also arisen, as well as its efficacy in comparison to newer agents
on the market. This manuscript aims to examine the evidence of lithium use in the older adult and whether or not this drug should still be recommended for use in this population.
Measuring Deprivation from Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah Dimensions
in OIC Countries: Ranking and Policy Focus(1)
Authors: Hamid Hasan Hamid Hasan
Published: February 2020

While economists have established the link between values and economy, it
has been ignored in popular measures of socio-economic development. The paper
proposes a complementary values-based index to existing value-neutral indices on
socio-economic development and formulates a 3-stage policy to reduce deprivation
from maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah (the objectives of Islamic law) dimensions in OIC
(Organization of Islamic Cooperation) countries by setting up absolute and relative
policy targets. It explores the policy focus for maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah (MS) dimensions by
ranking OIC countries using recent World Values Survey (WVS wave 6). The paper
contributes by extending the frontiers of knowledge in multiple ways. It is the first to
propose the use of an MS index from a policy perspective. It outlines selection criteria
for choosing indicators within Sharīʿah perspective. It constructs a Maqāṣid alSharīʿah Deprivation Perception Index (MSDPI), using the Alkire-Foster dual-cut-off
counting methodology, which is easily replicable using data from a single publicly
available authentic source. The results show not only the ranking of countries but also
points out the dimensions in which improvements are required for comprehensive
development by setting absolute and relative targets for policy intervention.
Poverty, Inequalities and the Perceptions
on Distributive Justice
Authors: Munawar Iqbal Munawar Iqbal
Published: February 2020

Distributive justice may mean different things to various schools of thought.
Active discussions on poverty and inequality are among economic debates which have
been going on for a long time. However, during the last fifty years, they have received
a lot more attention by both academicians and policy makers. Fifty years ago, growth
in national income was considered to be the most effective way of reducing poverty
and was the preferred policy goal even at the cost of increasing inequalities. Perspectives on both poverty and inequality have changed over time. The very definitions of
poverty have been revised. Poverty is now seen as having many manifestations. Money
income is not the only factor to determine who is poor, though it remains an important
element. In this paper, we discuss the issues involved in this debate and present
different views on distributive justice. The Islamic perspective on distributive justice
and the strategy to achieve it is given special attention.
التمثيل الهيدروولوجي وإدارة المياه الجوفية في وادي الليث بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: محمد الشربيني محمد الشربيني
Published: February 2020

تعتبر المياه الجوفية المورد الرئيس للاستخدامات المائية على مستوى المملكة العربية السعودية. حيث تناولت هذه الدراسة وضع المياه الجوفية وإدارتها بحوض وادي الليث أحد وديان منطقة تهامة بالمنطقة الغربية بالمملكة العربية السعودية . تم عمل تمثيل للخزان الجوفي بالحوض باستخدام نموذج GW8 ثنائي الأبعاد بطريقة الفروق المحدودة. وهذا النموذج تم تطويره بهيئة الأمم المتحدة ( قسم موارد المياه). تم عمل العديد من الاختبارات والمعايرة للبرنامج للتحقق من قدرة النموذج على تمثيل الوضع المائي للمنطقة . تمت دراسة درجات استجابة الخزان الجوفي وفتراته الزمنية تحت تأثير معدلات سحب (ضخ) للمياه مختلفة ، حيث تم تحديد مختلف الخواص الهيدروليكية للخزان تحت ظروف حالة الثبات والحالة الانتقالية. تم وضع ثلاث خطط للإمداد بالمياه لأغراض التوسعات الجديدة ومشاريع الاستصلاح للوصول إلى أفضل خطة استراتيجية. تم الحصول على منحنى معدلات الضخ المائي ـ الزمني والذي يمكن الاستعانة به في خطط الاستخدام المائي. أوضحت النتائج النهائية أن مجموع المياه بالخزان الجوفي بالحوض مضافا إليها معدلات التغذية تكفي لإمداد مدينة الليث والقرى القريبة منها وكذلك مشاريع التوسع العمراني والزراعي الجديدة بالمياه الكافية لأغراض الشرب والزراعة وذلك تحت محددات هيدروليكية معينة.
تواجد الديدان المغايرة ( Termatoda ) في أمعاء طائر النورس في ( ثُول ) محافظة جدة - المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: محمد شفيق الدهلوي محمد شفيق الدهلوي
Published: February 2020

تم في هذا البحث دراسة بيئية لتواجد ثلاثة أنواع من الديدان المفلطحة ( المغايرة ) التابعة لفصيلة Heterophyidae لأول مرة في أمعاء 15 طائر النورس Larus Hemprichii في منطقة ثول بمحافظة جدة، المملكة العربية السعودية. وقد أظهرت الخواص والقياسات المميزة لهذه العينات التعريف المناسب لكل نوع على حده. حيث تم التعرف على الأنواع التالية : Heterophyes heterophyes, Heterophyopsis contima, ad Stictodora lari ويعتبر النوع الأخير تسجيلا نادر الانتشار في منطقة الشرق الأوسط، إلا أن نتائج هذا البحث أظهرت معدل ( عدد الديدان في الطيور المصابة ) 34,75 لهذا النوع كان أعلى من النوعين الآخرين H. heterophyes ( 27,88 ) و H. continua ( 14,75). كما أظهرت النتائج النسبة العالية للإصابة بنوع H. heterophyes (53,33%) من كل من النوعين الآخرين H. continua, and S. lari (26,67%) لكل منهما . ?
التنوع البيولوجي للأنواع النباتية وتوزيعها على مساحة تمتد بين محافظة جدة ومدينة بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: سنية أحمد كمال سنية أحمد كمال
Published: February 2020

تم في هذه الدراسة تحديد المجتمعات النباتية والعوامل البيئية التي تتحكم في التنوع البيولوجي للأنواع النباتية وتوزيعها في منطقة الدراسة التي تمتد من محافظة جدة إلى مدينة رابغ على ساحل البحر الأحمر، حيث سجل أربعة وستون نوعا نباتيا (43نوعا معمراً و 21 نوعاً حولياً). ومن النباتات المعمرة احتفظ كل من نبات الرطريط والثمام والعندب بأعلى نسبة تواجد في معظم المواقع المختارة، بينما نبات الحرمل كان من النباتات الحولية التي احتفظت بأعلى نسبة تواجد. وبتطبيق أحد برامج التقسيم تم تحديد أربع مجموعات واثنين من تحت المجموعات متواجدة في ست بيئات مختلفة بمنطقة الدراسة. وتنقسم المجموعة ـأـ إلى تحت مجموعتين هما –أ1- التي يميزها نباتي الرطريط والسويدة و -أ2- التي يميزها نباتي الحمض والطلح. أما مجموعة –ب- فتنقسم إلى تحت مجموعتين هما –ب1- التي يميزها نباتي الشليل والعندب بينما –ب2- يميزها نباتي السمر والإكرير. وتميزت مجموعة –س- بنباتي الشبرق والثمام بينما تميزت مجموعة –د- بنباتي السمر والسلم. ودلت هذه الدراسة على أن قوام التربة والسعة المائية لها وعنصري الصوديوم والكالسيوم ومجموع الكبريتات في التربة من أحسن الدلائل على تغير التوزيع النباتي في منطقة الدراسة. ودلت نتائج التنوع البيولوجي (بيتا) على أن منطقة الدراسة يجب أن تقسم إلى ستة مواطن مختلفة. وأثبتت الدراسة أن الانخفاض في وفرة النباتات كان مصحوبا بالظروف الملحية وحركة الكثبان الرملية في منطقة الدراسة. ?
التنبؤ بالأشعة فوق البنفسجية –ب فوق أسوان
Authors: حشمت عبد الباسط حشمت عبد الباسط
Published: February 2020

الهدف الأساسي لهذا البحث هو عمل إجراء للتنبؤ بالأشعة فوق البنفسجية –ب فوق أسوان (23,97 درجة شمالا و 32,78 درجة شرقا). وتعتمد عملية التنبؤ بالأشعة فوق البنفسجية –ب من جهة والإشعاع الكلي، والكمية الكلية للأوزون فوق أسوان من جهة أخرى. وقد تم عمل التنبؤ للأشعة فوق البنفسجية –ب على ثلاث خطوات: الأولى، تم استنتاج الأوزون فوق أسوان باستنباط معادلة خطية تربط بينه وبين سمك طبقتين من الغلاف الجوي، ثانيا، تم استخدام طريقة الباقي لاستنباط صيغة تجريبية تربط بين قيم الإشعاع الكلي ببعض عناصر الأرصاد السطحية، وفي النهاية، تم استخدام قيم الأوزون الكلي وقيم الإشعاع الكلي في صيغة للحصول على توقع لقيم الإشعاع فوق البنفسجي –ب. وطبقت الخطوات السابقة على بيانات فصلية وسنوية. ووجد أن أقوى ارتباط تم الحصول عليه كان في الخريف والشتاء بالنسبة للأوزون، بينما في الربيع والخريف بالنسبة للإشعاع الكلي.
تقدير ذروات الفيضان باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد دراسة تطبيقية في وادي عتود في جنوب غرب المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: علي أونال شورمان علي أونال شورمان
Published: February 2020

أصبح الاهتمام بتطبيقات الطرق الحديثة للحصول على المعلومات كبيرا في الآونة الأخيرة . أهم أهداف هذا البحث هو ربط تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد مع النمذجة الهيدرولوجية لكي يتم تقدير ذروة التدفق في أحواض صغيرة الحجم في وادي عتود الواقع في الجزء الجنوبي الغربي من المملكة العربية السعودية. تم تجميع المعلومات عن أنواع الصخور وأنماط التصريف والوزيع العددي والمكاني لشقوق الأحواض الصغيرة ومن ثم تمت معالجتها وأظهرت على شكل صور ورسومات وتمت هذه الدراسة باستخدام بيانات " لاندسات" من نوع الراسم النيماتي على هيئة صور ملونة زائفة وصر ملونة نسبي. أمكن تقدير ذروة التدفق للأحواض الصغيرة بتطبيق نموذج الهيدرولوجي (TR-55) وتمت مقارنة النتائج مع ما تم الحصول عليه بتطبيق المعادلة النسبية وهي الطريقة المستخدمة عادة في الهيدرولوجي ومن جهة أخرى تم أيضاً تقدير ذروة التدفق لأحواض التصريف المتوسطة الحجم بواسطة معادلة كريجر ودوال التوزيع الترددي للنقط. أظهرت النتائج أن بيانات " لاندسات" والتي عولجت بالألوان مناسبة جدا لتحويل المعلومات إلى أرقام يمكن الاستفادة منها في تطبيق النموذج الهيدرولوجي ، وتظهر المتغيرات في النموذج كمعلومات ثابتة على هيئة أرقام للمنحنيات والتي تعتبر شكلا رقميا للمعلومات الصخرية واستخدامات الأراضي.
تحديد الميعاد البيولوجي والاقتصادي الأمثل لزراعة القمح بمنطقة القصيم
Authors: تاج الدين محمد شهاب الدين تاج الدين محمد شهاب الدين
Published: February 2020

يستهدف هذا البحث التعرف على المياعد البيولوجي والاقتصادي الأمثل لزراعة القمح في منطقة القصيم وذلك من خلال نتائج تجربة تم إجراؤها وتركرارها في محطة البحثو الزراعية بكلية الزراعية والطب البيطري ، جامعة الملك سعود فرع القصيم في موسمي 90/91م ، 91/92م . وقد أجريت هذه التجربة لدراسة أثر ستة مواعيد للزراعة هي 16/11 ، 1/12 ، 16/12 ، 1/1 ، 16/1 ، 1/2 باستخدام تصميم القطع المنشقة في أربعة مكررات على الصنفين يوكرا روجو وويست بريد. وقد اعتبر هذان الصنفان هما المعاملتان الرئيسيتان ، في حين كانت المواعيد الستة هي معاملات القطع المنشقة. وقد بينت نتائج هذا البحث أنه على الرغم من عدم وجود تأثيرات معنوية للمواسم إلا أن هناك تأثير عالي المعنوية للصنفين المستخدمين ، ولمواعيد الزراعة ، وكذلك للتفاعل بين الصنف وموعد الزراعة على محصول حبوب القمح، وأوضحت النتائج أيضا أن الموعد الأمثل لزراعة الصنفين يقع خلال النصف الأول من شهر ديسمبر من الناحية البيولوجية. وبمقارنة هذه النتائج مع ما تم التوصل إليه من خلال التحليل الاقتصادي تبين أن الموعد الاقتصادي الأمثل لزراعة القمح يقع في الفترة من 12/12 إلى 24/12 للنصف يوكرا روجو ، وفي الفترة من 1/12 إلى 13/12 للصنف ويست بريد. ولذا ينصح بعدم زراعة القمح في منطقة القصيم قبل أول ديسمبر حيث يترتب على ذلك توفير ألف متر مكعب من المياه الإروائية لكل هكتار تبلغ كلفة رفعها حوالي 65 ريالا دون أن يكون هناك نقص مقابل في المحصول الناتج . كما ينصح بعدم تأخير الزراعة عن أول يناير لأن ذلك يؤدي إلى خسارة اقتصادية لمنتجي القمح في المنطقة .
Preserving and Sustainably Governing Cultural Heritage and Landscapes in European Coastal and Maritime Regions (PERICLES)
Authors: Delaney Alyne
Published: February 2020

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A machine learning examination of hydroxyl radical differences among model simulations for CCMI-1
Authors: Nicely Julie M. , Duncan Bryan N. , Hanisco Thomas F. , Wolfe Glenn M. , Salawitch Ross J. , Deushi Makoto , Haslerud Amund S. , Jöckel Patrick , Josse Béatrice , Kinnison Douglas E. , Klekociuk Andrew , Manyin Michael E. , Marécal Virginie , Morgenstern Olaf , Murray Lee T. , Myhre Gunnar , Oman Luke D. , Pitari Giovanni , Pozzer Andrea , Quaglia Ilaria , Revell Laura E. , Rozanov Eugene , Stenke Andrea , Stone Kane , Strahan Susan , Tilmes Simone , Tost Holger , Westervelt Daniel M. , Zeng Guang
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The hydroxyl radical (OH) plays critical roles within the
troposphere, such as determining the lifetime of methane (CH4), yet is
challenging to model due to its fast cycling and dependence on a multitude
of sources and sinks. As a result, the reasons for variations in OH and the
resulting methane lifetime (τCH4), both between models
and in time, are difficult to diagnose. We apply a
neural network (NN) approach to address this issue within a group of models
that participated in the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI). Analysis
of the historical specified dynamics simulations performed for CCMI
indicates that the primary drivers of τCH4
differences among 10 models are the flux of UV light to the troposphere
(indicated by the photolysis frequency JO1D), the mixing ratio of
tropospheric ozone (O3), the abundance of nitrogen oxides
(NOx≡NO+NO2), and details of the various chemical mechanisms that drive
OH. Water vapour, carbon monoxide (CO), the ratio of NO:NOx, and
formaldehyde (HCHO) explain moderate differences in τCH4,
while isoprene, methane, the photolysis frequency of NO2 by visible
light (JNO2), overhead ozone column, and temperature account for
little to no model variation in τCH4. We also apply
the NNs to analysis of temporal trends in OH from 1980 to
2015. All models that participated in the specified dynamics historical
simulation for CCMI demonstrate a decline in τCH4
during the analysed timeframe. The significant contributors to this trend,
in order of importance, are tropospheric O3, JO1D, NOx, and
H2O, with CO also causing substantial interannual variability in OH
burden. Finally, the identified trends in τCH4 are compared
to calculated trends in the tropospheric mean OH concentration
from previous work, based on analysis of observations. The comparison
reveals a robust result for the effect of rising water vapour on OH and
τCH4, imparting an increasing and decreasing trend of about 0.5 %
decade−1, respectively. The responses due to NOx, ozone column,
and temperature are also in reasonably good agreement between the two
studies.
Heterogeneous oxidation of amorphous organic aerosol surrogates by O3, NO3, and OH at typical tropospheric temperatures
Authors: Li Jienan , Forrester Seanna M. , Knopf Daniel A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Typical tropospheric temperatures render possible phase states of amorphous organic aerosol (OA) particles to solid, semi-solid and liquid. This will affect the multiphase oxidation kinetics involving the organic condensed phase and gaseous oxidants and radicals. To quantify this effect, we determined the reactive uptake coefficients (γ) of O3, NO3 and OH by substrate films composed of single and binary OA surrogate species under dry conditions for temperatures from 213 to 313 K. A temperature-controlled coated-wall flow reactor coupled to a chemical ionization mass spectrometer was applied to determine γ with consideration of gas diffusion transport limitation and gas flow entrance effects, which can impact heterogeneous reaction kinetics. The phase state of the organic substrates was probed via the poke-flow technique, allowing the estimation of the substrates’ glass transition temperatures. γ values for O3 and OH uptake to a canola oil substrate, NO3 uptake to a levoglucosan and a levoglucosan/xylitol substrate, and OH uptake to a glucose and glucose/1,2,6-hexanetriol substrate have been determined as a function of temperature. We observed the greatest changes in γ with temperature for substrates that experienced the largest changes in viscosity as a result of a solid-to-liquid phase transition. Organic substrates that maintain a semi-solid or solid phase state and as such a relatively higher viscosity, do not display large variations in heterogeneous reactivity. From 213 K to 293 K, γ values of O3 with canola oil, of NO3 with a levoglucosan/xylitol mixture, and of OH with a glucose/1,2,6-hexanetriol mixture and canola oil, increase by about a factor of 34, 3, 2 and 5, respectively, due to a solid-to-liquid phase transition of the substrate. These results demonstrate that the surface and bulk lifetime of the OA surrogate species can significantly increase due to the slowed heterogeneous kinetics when OA species are solid or highly viscous in the middle and upper troposphere. This experimental study will further our understanding of the chemical evolution of OA particles with subsequent important consequences for source apportionment, air quality, and climate.
Determination of time-varying periodicities in unequally spaced time series of OH* temperatures using a moving Lomb–Scargle periodogram and a fast calculation of the false alarm probabilities
Authors: Kalicinsky Christoph , Reisch Robert , Knieling Peter , Koppmann Ralf
Published: February 2020

Abstract. We present an approach to analyse time series with unequal spacing. The approach enables the identification of significant periodic fluctuations and the derivation of time-resolved periods and amplitudes of these fluctuations. It is based on the classical Lomb–Scargle periodogram (LSP), a method that can handle unequally spaced time series. Here, we additionally use the idea of a moving window. The significance of the results is analysed with the typically used false alarm probability (FAP). We derived the dependencies of the FAP levels on different parameters that either can be changed manually (length of the analysed time interval, frequency range) or that change naturally (number of data gaps). By means of these dependencies, we found a fast and easy way to calculate FAP levels for different configurations of these parameters without the need for a large number of simulations. The general performance of the approach is tested with different artificially generated time series and the results are very promising. Finally, we present results for nightly mean OH* temperatures that have been observed from Wuppertal (51∘ N, 7∘ E; Germany).
Emissions of monoterpenes from new Scots pine foliage: dependency on season, stand age and location and importance for models
Authors: Taipale Ditte , Aalto Juho , Schiestl-Aalto Pauliina , Kulmala Markku , Bäck Jaana
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Models to predict the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from terrestrial vegetation largely use standardised emission potentials derived from shoot enclosure measurements of mature foliage and usually assume that the contribution of BVOCs from new conifer needles is minor to negligible. Extensive observations have, however, recently demonstrated that the potential of new Scots pine needles to emit several different BVOCs can be up to about 500 times higher than that of the corresponding mature foliage. Thus, we build on these discoveries and investigate the impact of previously neglecting enhanced emissions from new Scots pine foliage on estimates of monoterpene emissions and new atmospheric aerosol particle formation and their subsequent growth. We show that the importance of considering the enhanced monoterpene emission potential of new Scots pine foliage decreases as a function of season, tree age and latitude, and that new foliage is responsible for the majority of the whole tree's foliage emissions of monoterpenes during spring time, independently of tree age and location. Our results suggest that annual monoterpene emission estimates from Finland would increase with up to ~ 25 % if the emissions from new Scots pine foliage were explicitly considered, with the majority being emitted during spring time where also new particle formation has been observed to occur most frequently. We estimate that our findings can lead to increases in predictions of the formation rates of 2 nm particles during spring time by ~ 75–275 % in northern Finland and by ~ 125–865 % in southern Finland. Likewise, simulated growth rates of 2–3 nm particles would increase by ~ 65–175 % in northern Finland and by ~ 110–520 % in southern Finland if the enhanced emissions of monoterpenes from new Scots pine foliage were explicitly considered. Our findings imply that we need to introduce a more comprehensive treatment of the emissions of BVOCs from new coniferous foliage in biogenic emission models.
Multipoint Reconstruction of Wind Speeds
Authors: Behnken Christian , Wächter Matthias , Peinke Joachim
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The most intermittent behavior of atmospheric turbulence is found for very short time scales. Based on a concatenation of conditional probability density functions (cpdfs) of nested wind speeds increments, inspired by a Markov process in scale, we derive a short-time predictor for wind speed fluctuations around a non-stationary mean value and with a corresponding non-stationary variance. As a new quality this short time predictor enables a multipoint reconstruction of wind data. The used cpdfs are (1) directly estimated from historical data from the offshore research platform FINO1 and (2) obtained from numerical solutions of a family of Fokker-Planck equations in the scale domain. The explicit forms of the Fokker-Planck equations are estimated from the given wind data. A good agreement between the statistics of the generated synthetic wind speed fluctuations and the measured is found even on time scales below 1 s. This shows that our approach captures the short-time dynamics of real wind speed fluctuations very well. Our method is extended by taking the non-stationarity of the mean wind speed and its non-stationary variance into account.
The Power Curve Working Group's assessment of wind turbine power performance prediction methods
Authors: Lee Joseph C. Y. , Stuart Peter , Clifton Andrew , Fields M. Jason , Perr-Sauer Jordan , Williams Lindy , Cameron Lee , Geer Taylor , Housley Paul
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Wind turbine power production deviates from the reference
power curve in real-world atmospheric conditions. Correctly predicting
turbine power performance requires models to be validated for a wide range
of wind turbines using inflow in different locations. The Share-3 exercise
is the most recent intelligence-sharing exercise of the Power Curve Working
Group, which aims to advance the modeling of turbine performance. The goal
of the exercise is to search for modeling methods that reduce error and
uncertainty in power prediction when wind shear and turbulence digress from
design conditions. Herein, we analyze data from 55 wind turbine power
performance tests from nine contributing organizations with statistical tests
to quantify the skills of the prediction-correction methods. We assess the
accuracy and precision of four proposed trial methods against the baseline
method, which uses the conventional definition of a power curve with wind
speed and air density at hub height. The trial methods reduce
power-production prediction errors compared to the baseline method at high
wind speeds, which contribute heavily to power production; however, the
trial methods fail to significantly reduce prediction uncertainty in most
meteorological conditions. For the meteorological conditions when a wind
turbine produces less than the power its reference power curve suggests,
using power deviation matrices leads to more accurate power prediction. We
also determine that for more than half of the submissions, the data set has a
large influence on the effectiveness of a trial method. Overall, this work
affirms the value of data-sharing efforts in advancing power curve modeling
and establishes the groundwork for future collaborations.
ENTEROPARASITES, DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE, SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND EDUCATION LEVEL IN THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE RECÔNCAVO OF BAHIA, BRAZIL
Authors: Bispo Reis Leonardo , Da Silva Santos Raíssa , Henrique Silva Mota Luiz , De Souza Almeida Jamille , Merces Oliveira e Oliveira Juliana , Dos Santos Andrade Raoni , Andrade dos Santos Glauber , Lucia Moreno Amor Ana
Published: February 2020

Demographic and social studies, as well as economic and cultural factors in a community are important regarding public health. This study identified demographic, socioeconomic and cultural aspects correlated with intestinal parasites in the population of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia-Brazil, from July to October 2015. 53 semi-structured questionnaires were applied to the rural population of the municipality with previous clarification on the purpose of the study. There were questions related to the individual’s gender, family income and parental level of education. Laboratory parasitological analyzes were performed to investigate enteroparasites and produced the following results: 53.7% (n=58) were female; 62.8% (n=66) with monthly family income lower or equal to the minimum wage and 48% (n=48) of adults with incomplete basic education. The main enteroparasites found in this population were: Iodamoeba butschlii, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar complex, Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana in addition to some geohelminths, such as hookworms and Enterobius vermicularis. The profile visualized can be understood as a risk factor for the development of certain parasitic infections that are intrinsically associated to the social and economic aspects of vulnerable populations.KEY WORDS: Teenager; adult; child; parasitic diseases.