bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Lateral Vibration of Drilling String with Mass Imbalance Using Finite Element
Authors: Irawan Sonny , Shanmugam Arun Kumar , Hidayat Mas Irfan P. , Biyanto Totok R
Published: July 2019

The objectives of this study were to analyze the first three critical frequency, critical speeds and mode shapes of the drilling string due to lateral vibration. Drilling string vibrations pose a major challenge to the operational efficiency of the drilling process in the oil and gas industry. The mass imbalance in the drilling string caused by Measured While Drilling (MWD) tools and drill collar sag disrupts the accuracy of the drilling operation and can give rise to huge vibration thereby damaging the down hole components. Since the surface readings are not reliable measured of drilling string lateral vibration, it becomes necessary to study drilling string vibration under Finite Element method. In this project, ANSYS software was used to build the geometry of a drilling string model and appropriate boundary conditions were applied to the model such that the drilling string experiences lateral vibrations. The component of mass imbalance was introduced to the drilling string by adding an equivalent weight eccentrically on one side of the drilling string. Modal analysis was performed to determine the mode shapes and the first three critical frequencies of the drilling string. The effect of mass imbalance was studied by comparing the first three critical frequencies before and after the addition of the imbalance. The results showed an increase in natural frequency to 2.03Hz, 2.23Hz, and 4.63Hz were imposed on the deformation of drilling string. Since the normal operating speeds of a drilling string rotary table is around 100-200 RPM, it was clear that the drilling string without mass imbalance, the resonance of the drilling string occurs at 85 and 262 RPM which is clearly out of the operating speeds. But when a mass imbalance is introduced to the drilling string, the resonance occurs at 121, 133 and 277 RPM. The two operating speeds cause resonance which can critically damage the drilling string. The drilling string which consists of the stabilisers and bit are subject to almost no displacements at all.  The best practices of this study are very useful for identify the safe operating ranges of rotary speed for the drilling string and identify the lateral displacement of a critical component for a range of frequencies, thereby avoiding damage to the drilling string.
Static Knowledge-Based Authentication Mechanism for Hadoop Distributed Platform using Kerberos
Authors: Algaradi Thoyazan Sultan , B Rama
Published: July 2019

With the quickened phenomenal expansion of data, storing massive data has become important and increasingly growing day by day. Thus, big data came to express this large data and handling it properly under three important characteristics such as volume, veracity, and Variety. One practical of big data problems is user and services authentication. Kerberos v5 protocol provided a new solution to such this problem in the Hadoop-distributed platform (HDP). In this paper, we suggest a credible scheme by adding one more level of protection and authentication security to the Kerberos v5 protocol by using a static knowledge-based authentication (SKBA). Where in the login and verification phase by using Kerberos protocol, the KDC will replay with a question to the user-side to check the actual presence of user which the user already answered this question in his registration phase. Our credible scheme is useful in case of capturing messages that enable an eavesdropper to get the ticket that allows getting access to the HDFS as well as to avoid the common attacks with less computation, communication and storage cost. The proposed scheme works seriously and strictly to ensure the registration by delivery of user information over an insecure network in a safe manner and store this information in the KDC-database to be used later for getting access with HDFS.
The Improvement of Yield and Quality of Soybeans in a Coastal Area Using Low Input Technology Based on Biofertilizers
Authors: Bertham Yudhy Harini , Arifin Zainal , Nusantara Abimanyu Dipo
Published: July 2019

Indonesia is an archipelagic country, having vast coastal areas which have not been utilized optimally for crop cultivation because their poor soil properties become a limiting factor for plant growth. It is, therefore, necessary to use cultivation technology, such as the use of biofertilizers to overcome this limiting factor. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate biofertilizers for improving the quality of soybean seeds, the rhizosphere environment, and the soybean yield in a coastal area. The study was conducted in Bengkulu, Indonesia, using Randomized Complete Block Design, with a single factor, namely biofertilizers. Six treatments were applied, namely the addition of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), phosphate-solubilizing fungi (PSF), Rhizobium (R), AMF+PSF, R+AMF, and R+PSF. The results of this study showed that, in general, the inoculation of biofertilizers could increase the yield of soybeans in the coastal area, as indicated by the higher yield of plants in this study than those as described in the literature. The dual inoculation of PSF+AMF resulted in the highest protein content, the largest populations of PSF and AMF, the highest percentage of root colonization of AMF, plant phosphorus concentration and absorption, the weight of seeds per plant and yield. Meanwhile, the highest fat content of seed was found in the plants inoculated with PSF.  In coastal soil, the dual application of biofertilizers, namely PSF and AMF, should be done, instead of a single application. Further studies are needed to increase the protein content and to reduce the fat content of soybean seeds.
Combining ABC and VED Analysis for Managing Medicine Inventory (Case Study at Community Development Elderly in Indonesia)
Authors: Lestari Fitra , Ulfah - , Suherman - , Azwar Budi , Fithri Prima
Published: July 2019

Community development elderly is a community managed by the non-government organization (NGO) with obtaining the funding from several sources involving government, donations and own community. Currently, there are many activities related to physical fitness for elderly people such as gymnastics, physical leisure activities, and other social activities. Nevertheless, older adults have many threats of illness that could have appeared suddenly. Thus, it needs a series of activities to prevent the emergence of disease. This study aims to determine appropriate programs of older adults based on illness complaints through analyzing the medicine inventory. This study combined ABC and VED analysis of inventory model in supporting healthcare consulting services for a community development elderly in Indonesia. The application ABC analysis found some item from three categories consisting category A of 33 items, category B of 26 items and Category C of 26 items. Then, VED analysis classification of medicine into seven items of Vital, 12 items of Essential and 12 items of Desirable.  Thus, the result of a healthcare consulting service was obtained that older adults needed 31 types of medicines.  The finding of this study also showed that the high frequency of illness complaints from older adults related to problems of Neurological, Hypertension, and Musculoskeletal. The implication of this study proved that the community development elderly must consider providing the priority programs of healthcare consulting services focus on three main problems of older adults. Further study is suggested to implement safety stock and reorder point for providing medicine inventory.
Acute bilateral paramedian thalamic and mesencephalic infarcts due to occlusion of the Percheron artery: a case report
Authors: LEVENTOĞLU Alev , MORKAVUK Gülin
Published: July 2019

The thalamus and midbrain mesencephalon have a
complex blood supply with a great number of feeding arteries. The blood build up
of thalamus is being provided by four arteries originating from the vertebrobasilar
system and posterior communicating artery. The paramedian thalamic artery is derived
from the posterior cerebral artery proximal P1 segment. The infarcts of arterial
constitute approximately 35% of all thalamic infarcts. However, bilateral infarctions
of this region are very infrequent. Percheron artery originates from the first branch
of the posterior cerebral artery and gives bilateral medial thalamic perforating
branches. We described a patient of a 88-year-old woman with acute bilateral thalamic
and midbrain infarcts due to occlusion of Percheron artery demonstrated on magnetic
resonance imaging.
Simulation of the Diesel Engine Rotational Speed Automatic Control System
Authors: Markov V.A. , Pozdnyakov E.F. , Furman V.V. , Plakhov S.V.
Published: July 2019

In this work, the problem of improving the quality of controlling the diesel engine crankshaft speed is considered. The principles that govern the control of this parameter in internal combustion engines are described. The advantages of the proportional-integral-differential (PID) control principle are shown. Calculations of the influence of the PID controller structure on the dynamic characteristics of the diesel engine rotational speed automatic control system are performed. The transient processes of acceleration–inhibition and load-dropping are investigated using a KamAZ-740 engine of a 100 kW diesel generator. Transient processes are achieved for different values of the proportional, integral and differential components of the PID control law. The influence of these coefficients on the quality indicators of the regulatory process such as the duration of the transient process and overshoot is evaluated.
The Determination of Rational Parameters of Lock Joints of Ceramic Blades with a Metal Disk in Advanced Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines. Part II. Testing of the Rotor Model
Authors: Reznik S.V. , Sapronov D.V. , Karimbaev T.D. , Mezencev M.A.
Published: July 2019

The limited thermal stability of commonly used nickel alloys is an obstacle to further increases in operating temperatures in aircraft gas turbine engines. Alternative solutions that overcome the limitations of the operating temperatures of the gas in front of the turbine can be achieved using ceramic materials, including ceramic composites used for manufacturing blades and rotor. Due to a number of design and technological limitations associated with the production of fully ceramic parts of gas turbine engines, the option of connecting metal impellers with blades made of monolithic ceramic material deserves attention. A design of a model steel impeller with blades made of silicon carbide ceramics with reinforcing diamond particles is proposed. To determine the bearing capacity of the ‘dovetail’ type lock joint, bench tests were carried out. A computer program for probabilistic evaluation of the strength of ceramic parts is developed. A conclusion is made about the required characteristics of ceramic materials for the use in turbine impellers.
MicroRNA‑21 and myocardial remodeling with the reduction of the nephron mass
Authors: Beresneva O. N. , Zaraiski M. I. , Kulikov A. N. , Parastaeva M. M. , Ivanova G. T. , Okovityi S. V. , Galkina O. V. , Kucher A. G. , Kayukov I. G.
Published: July 2019

Background and objective.Currently, the role of miRNA‑21 in the development of heart and kidney damage and their interaction remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this work is to assess the impact of changes in the expression of microRNA‑21 in myocardial tissue in the development of cardiac remodeling with chronic reduction in the mass of active nephrons in the experiment.Design and methods.Wistar drain rats were divided into two groups. The first (control) group included nine falsely operated animals. The second (n = 9) group included rats with step-by-step resection of 5/6 renal tissue. After 4 months after surgery, blood pressure (BP) was measured, heart ultrasound (echocardiography, EchoCG) was performed and the level of relative expression of microRNA‑21 in myocardial tissue was determined.Results. The rats with an experimental decrease in the mass of functioning nephrons, showed significantly higher levels of BP, microRNA‑21 expression in the myocardium and the thickness of the interventricular septum (according to EchoCG). They also demonstrated smaller end-systolic dimension of the left ventricle and systolic motion of the mitral valve ring.Conclusions. Our data indicate the potential role of miRNA‑21 in the development of concentric left ventricular remodeling while reducing the number of functioning nephrons. This remodeling is characterized by the prevalence of myocardial hypertrophy over fibrosis. However, the specific mechanisms linking microRNA in the pathogenesis of heart remodeling require further research.
COMPANY SIZE STRENGTHENS THE INFUENCE OF ASSET STRUCTURE AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON FIRM VALUE
Authors: Wahyu Supami , Mardiana Mardiana
Published: July 2019

This study discusses the size of the firm that is approved by the asset structure and capital structure of firm value. This research is a quantitative study. The analysis technique used is Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of this study find facts about firm that manage the relationship of assets and capital structure to the value of the firm. Partially, the size of the company increases the asset structure against the value of the firm. The size of the firm is not in accordance with the firm structure of firm value. In conclusion, the size of the firm increases the use of assets in increasing the value of the firm.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Sikap Masyarakat dalam Pencegahan Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue di Desa Betalemba Kecamatan Poso Pesisir Selatan
Authors: Assa Anggri
Published: July 2019

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of many infectious diseases caused by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito which is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. This disease can occur throughout the year and attack every individual regardless of age. This disease appears related to environmental conditions and community behavior. Research Methods: This research is a quantitative type with a correlation design and cross sectional approach. The population is all the communities in the village of Betalemba with 303 families. Until that is a portion of the population of 171. The sampling technique is proportional stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed and tested using the Chi-Square test with a value of P <0.05. Results: showed 83 respondents (38.8%) were sufficiently knowledgeable, 68 knowledgeable respondents (39.8%) and 20 (11.7%) less knowledgeable respondents, then respondents who had enough attitudes 105 (61.4%), respondents who have good attitudes as much as 53 (31.0%) and respondents who have less attitudes as much as 13 (7.6%). Conclusion: Knowledge relates to people's attitudes in preventing dengue disease in Betalemba village, Poso Pesisir Selatan District.

 Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, DHF
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kepatuhan Ibu Hamil Dalam Mengkonsumsi Tablet Zat Besi (Fe) Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lawanga Kabupaten Poso
Authors: Hastanti Hastanti
Published: July 2019

Latar Belakang: Tablet zat besi (Fe) sebagai suplemen yang diberikan pada ibu hamil menurut aturan harus dikonsumsi setiap hari, namun karena berbagai alasan misalnya pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan ibu hamil yang kurang baik, efek samping tablet yang ditimbulkan tablet tersebut dapat menyebabkan seseorang untuk kurang mematuhi konsumsi tablet zat besi (Fe) secara benar sehingga tujuan dari pemberian tablet tersebut tidak tercapai.

Tujuan: Mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kepatuhan Ibu Hamil Dalam Mengkonsumsi Tablet Zat Besi (Ferossus) Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas  Lawanga Kabupaten Poso.

Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah responden sebanyak 46 ibu hamil dengan menggunakan tehknik total Sampling. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square.

Hasil penelitian : Menunjukkan bahwa 56,5 % responden memiliki pengetahuan baik, tentang tablet zat bezi (Fe), Sebesar 60,9% responden patuh mengkonsumsi tablet zat besi (Fe). Ada hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Kepatuhan Ibu Hamil dalam Mengkonsumsi Tablet Zat Besi (Fe)  nilai p = 0,000 (p<0,05)

Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara Pengetahuan dengan Kepatuhan Ibu Hamil dalam Mengkonsumsi Tablet Zat Besi (Fe) di Puskesmas Lawanga Kabupaten Poso.
DEATH FROM INGESTION OF POINTED METAL OBJECTS WITH PERFORATION OF THE STOMACH WALL AND HEART DAMAGE
Authors: Nikiforova S. A. , Petrova N. E.
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the rare occasion of death from ingestion of pointed metallic objects damaged internal organs. Highlight clinical and pathological feature of manifestation of injury of stomach, liver, pancreas, heart, with the development of inflammatory complications.
Heterotopia pedagógica como lugar de aparição das singularidades surdas na educação
Authors: Almeida Júlia Caroline de Araújo , Martins Vanessa Regina de Oliveira
Published: July 2019

A partir do conceito de heterotopia cunhado por Michel Foucault e pela configuração de novos campos de saber na educação de pessoas surdas, com a emergência da perspectiva cultural, o presente artigo objetiva analisar práticas pedagógicas de professoras bilíngues atuantes em salas multisseriadas que tem a Libras (Língua Brasileira de Sinais) como língua de instrução, em escolas inclusivas, localizadas em dois municípios do estado de São Paulo. Justifica-se a pesquisa pelas novas configurações de perspectivas educacionais bilíngues para surdos, e ainda, pelas críticas dirigidas pelos surdos à proposta inclusiva, quando não se atenta às especificidades linguísticas e culturais desses sujeitos. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com propostas investigativas do cotidiano escolar. Optamos pela descrição e análise de uma cena de uma das salas multisseriadas bilíngue inclusiva de surdos investigada. As salas bilíngues mostraram-se como espaço de resistência surda a partir da ação militante de educadores bilíngues. O artigo, portanto, pretende contribuir com educadores que também atuam com alunos surdos, resistem constantemente e buscam ressignificar suas práticas considerando sempre as singularidades de seus alunos no processo educativo.
O cuidado de si como experiência do pensamento
Authors: Gelamo Rodrigo Pelloso , Alelúia José Roberto Sanábria , Rosa Álvaro Matheus Valim
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre as atividades teóricas e práticas elaboradas no projeto “Transmissão de conhecimento ou experiência no ensino da Filosofia: limites e possibilidades”. O projeto teve por objetivo articular saberes acadêmicos e cotidianos, a fim de satisfazer demandas e necessidades que contemplassem a realidade dos educadores, educandos e estagiários envolvidos no processo. Especificamente, o projeto almejava proporcionar experiências filosóficas, sem se amparar nas metodologias ou didáticas que justificassem a tradicional estrutura de transmissão de conteúdos. Partimos da concepção de que era possível romper com a lógica explicadora da figura do professor, que produz ensinamentos condicionados, justifica, portanto, nossa escolha por um espaço informal. Isso nos levou a fundamentar nossas vivências fora do espaço acadêmico nas noções de cuidado de si e do outro, de Michel Foucault, a presença e poética da transmissão, de Fernando Bárcena, e da lógica explicadora, de Jacques Rancière.
Economia, política e educação
Authors: Klaus Viviane , Campesato Maria Alice Gouvêa
Published: July 2019

A partir de uma breve contextualização do cenário político contemporâneo, que experimenta crescentes movimentos de cunho conservador, este ensaio teórico busca discutir a política em suas diferentes dimensões, indo além da razão de Estado e das funções de Governo em suas articulações com a Educação. Para tal, realiza uma contextualização histórica do par economia e política, apoiando-se principalmente no pensamento de Arendt, em duas de suas obras: “A condição humana” (2008) e “O que é política” (2007). O ensaio ainda aborda as relações entre economia, política e formas de governamento da população – chave importante de análise da sociedade contemporânea e dos desafios que se colocam ao campo educacional. Por fim, a partir do conceito de “menor”, de Deleuze e Guattari, reflete-se sobre a aula como possibilidade de abertura ao mundo, como um espaço democrático, político, de acolhimento às novas gerações e de produção de novas formas de existência.
Women in Democracy: The political participation of women
Authors: Ahmad Akhlaq , Mahmood Qaisar Khalid , Saud Muhammad , Mas'udah Siti
Published: July 2019

Political participation of women has improved significantly in many western democracy settings; in Asian countries however, women are still left behind in terms of political participation. This article explores political participation of women in a gender-segregated society where women have disproportionate social status in a strongly patriarchal culture and political system. Femininity, political socialization, political interest, political efficacy, and patriarchal political culture were taken as predictors to assess the political participation of women. Structured interview schedules were administrated to 414 women voters from two randomly selected Tehsils, i.e. Jhang and Gujar Khan, of the Punjab Province in Pakistan. Data from the interviews were processed using Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression. The results revealed that predictors explained 58.3% of the variance in the political participation of women voters in Punjab. However, two constructs of femininity: morality and loyalty were not loaded in the model. The dominant, socially designed attributes that women should possess in Pakistani society are childbearing and rearing, love and care for parents/husband, homemaking, submissiveness, passivity, and dependence. The home/private sphere becomes the ideal, normative space for women to operate. On the other hand, men are characterized by decision making, production, independence, assertiveness, violence, and wider interaction. Thus, men are associated with the public and the public sphere. These feminine & masculine ideals are the basis of social practices and social relations in Pakistani society. These are internalized, taken for granted, and embedded into the culture, social structure, and social organization of Pakistani society.
Subordination of women and patriarchal gender relations at Islamic poor community
Authors: Ridwan Ahmad , Susanti Emy
Published: July 2019

This study focuses on poor women in the social environment (village) in the center of the Surabaya metropolis with classical Islamic culture and rules. Social relations and “pesantren culture” are felt in this place. For example: women must wear headscarves every day, men use koko sarongs and shirts, reading the holy verses of the Qur’an are a daily habit. In fact, elementary school children have become memorizers of the Qur’an (hafidz). This place produces “kyai” and “nyai” (saints in Javanese Islam). This study focuses on unequal gender relations between men and women so that poor women experience subordination, as well as empowerment of poor women in the Islamic community in the middle of big cities. Women, especially poor women, have very low bargaining power because of the patriarchal culture and Islamic rules there. Even though poor women help to make a living for the family, all important decisions remain with the husband (male). The methodology used is qualitative. Conduct in-depth interviews with poor women who were married in that place. Researchers also make observations about their daily activities in the community. The result, using Michel Foucault’s power relations theory analysis, found that poor women get unfair relationships every day. They always lose with their husbands in any case. They are always oppressed and subordinated. Poor women get a discourse that women are the second social class in this life. They are a male partner, not the first person. So, important decision makers in the family are always men, not women. Although women help their husbands to work outside the home, decision makers are always husbands. Poor women are also powerless in government development programs. Even though the relationship is not equal, all women accept it because it comes from God’s destiny (Allah SWT). This phenomenon is real and occurs in the center of a big city (Surabaya) which is one of the largest cities in Indonesia.
Testing Host-Plant Driven Speciation in Phytophagous Insects: A Phylogenetic Perspective
Authors: Jousselin Emmanuelle , Elias Marianne
Published: July 2019

During the last two decades, ecological speciation has been a major research theme in evolutionary biology. Ecological speciation occurs when reproductive isolation between populations evolves as a result of niche differentiation. Phytophagous insects represent model systems for the study of this evolutionary process. The host-plants on which these insects feed and often spend parts of their life cycle constitute ideal agents of divergent selection for these organisms. Adaptation to feeding on different host-plant species can potentially lead to ecological specialization of populations and subsequent speciation. This process is thought to have given birth to the astonishing diversity of phytophagous insects and is often put forward in macroevolutionary scenarios of insect diversification. Consequently, numerous phylogenetic studies on phytophagous insects have aimed at testing whether speciation driven by host-plant adaptation is the main pathway for the diversification of the groups under investigation. The increasing availability of comprehensive and well-resolved phylogenies and the recent developments in phylogenetic comparative methods are offering an unprecedented opportunity to test hypotheses on insect diversification at a macroevolutionary scale, in a robust phylogenetic framework. Our purpose here is to review the contribution of phylogenetic analyses to investigate the importance of plant-mediated speciation in the diversification of phytophagous insects and to present suggestions for future developments in this field.
A Standardized Nomenclature and Atlas of the Male Terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Rice Gavin , david Jean , Kamimura Yoshitaka , Masly John , Mcgregor Alistair , Nagy Olga , Noselli Stéphane , Nunes Maria Daniela Santos , O'Grady Patrick , Sánchez-Herrero Ernesto , Siegal Mark , Toda ​Masanori , Rebeiz Mark , Courtier-Orgogozo Virginie , Yassin Amir
Published: July 2019

Animal terminalia represent some of the most diverse and rapidly evolving structures in the animal kingdom, and for this reason have been a mainstay in the taxonomic description of species. The terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster, with its wide range of experimental tools, have recently become the focus of increased interest in the fields of development, evolution, and behavior. However, studies from different disciplines have often used discrepant terminologies for the same anatomical structures. Consequently, the terminology of genital parts has become a barrier to integrating results from different fields, rendering it difficult to determine what parts are being referenced. We formed a consortium of researchers studying the genitalia of D. melanogaster to help establish a set of naming conventions. Here, we present a detailed visual anatomy of male genital parts, including a list of synonymous terms, and suggest practices to avoid confusion when referring to anatomical parts in future studies. The goal of this effort is to facilitate interdisciplinary communication and help newcomers orient themselves within the exciting field of Drosophila genitalia.
Evolution and Collapse of Ejidos in Mexico: How Far is Communal Land Used for Urban Development?
Authors: Schumacher Melissa , Durán-Díaz Pamela , Kurjenoja Anne Kristiina , Gutiérrez-Juárez Eduardo , González-Rivas David A.
Published: July 2019

The ejido system in Mexico based on communal land was transformed for private ownership due to neoliberal trends during 1990. This research describes the evolution of Mexican land policies that changed the ejido system into private development to answer why land tenure change is shaping urban growth. To demonstrate this, municipalities of San Andrés Cholula and Ocoyucan were selected as a case study. Within this context, we evaluated how much ejido land is being urbanized due to real estate market forces and what type of urbanization model is created. These two areas represent different development scales: S.A. Cholula where its ejidos were expropriated as part of a regional urban development plan; and Ocoyucan where its ejidos and rural land were reached by private developers without local planning. To analyze both municipalities, historical satellite images from Google Earth were used with GRASS GIS 7.4 and corrected with QGIS 2.18. We found that privatization of ejidos fragmented and segregated the rural world for the construction of massive gated-communities. Therefore, a disturbing land tenure change occurred during the last 30 years, hence this research questions the role of local authorities in permitting land use change without regulations or local planning. The resulting urbanization model is a private sector development that isolates rural communities in their own territories, for which we provide recommendations.
About the Accuracy and Problems of Consumer Devices in the Assessment of Sleep
Authors: Ameen Mohamed S. , Cheung Lok Man , Hauser Theresa , Hahn Michael , Schabus Manuel
Published: July 2019

Commercial sleep devices and mobile-phone applications for scoring sleep are gaining ground. In order to provide reliable information about the quantity and/or quality of sleep, their performance needs to be assessed against the current gold-standard, i.e. polysomnography (PSG; measuring brain, eye and muscle activity). We here assessed some commercially available sleep trackers, namely; a commercial activity tracker: Mi band (Xiaomi, BJ, CHN), a scientific actigraph: Motionwatch 8 (CamNTech, CB, UK), and a much used sleep application: Sleep Cycle (Northcube, GOT, SE). We recorded 27 nights in healthy sleepers using PSG and these devices. Surprisingly, all devices had very poor agreement with the gold standard. Sleep parameter comparisons revealed that specifically the Mi band and the sleep cycle application had difficulties in detecting wake periods which negatively affected the total sleep time and sleep efficiency estimations. However, all 3 devices were good in detecting the most basic parameter, the actual time in bed. In summary, our results suggest that, to-date; available sleep trackers do not provide meaningful sleep analysis but may be interesting for simply tracking times in bed. A much closer interaction with the scientific field seems necessary if reliable information shall be derived from such devices in the future.
Elimination of Cypermethrin Using Fe-TiO2 Nanoparticles Supported on Coconut Palm Spathe Using a Solar Flat Plate Photoreactor
Authors: Solano Ricardo , Herrera Adriana
Published: July 2019

In this research, the photocatalytic degradation of cypermethrin using Fe-TiO2 nanoparticles supported in a biomaterial was evaluated. The nanoparticles of TiO2 were synthesized by the green chemistry method assisted by ultrasound and doped by chemical impregnation using molar ratios Fe:Ti of 0, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1, to make efficient use of direct sunlight (λ>310 nm). All nanoparticles were immobilized on the surface of spathe of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). The degradation was carried out at room temperature and natural pH in a flat plate solar reactor, on which the composite material was subjected. The concentration of cypermethrin was determined after 12000 J/m2 of accumulated radiation from GC-MS and the resulting material was characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrophotometry of diffuse reflectance and BET surface area BET surface area. The best results were achieved with the use of Degussa TiO2 P-25, Fe:Ti=0 and Fe:Ti=0.05 in suspension, with percentages of degradation of cypermethrin of 99.84, 99.62, and 100%, respectively. However, the materials supported on the biomaterial of coconut, they allowed to reach degradation percentages higher than 80% with the advantage that it minimizes operating costs, since they are not necessary filtering or centrifuging processes to separate the catalyst.
Legal Entity Recognition in an Agglutinating Language and Document Connection Network for EU Legislation and EU/Hungarian Case Law
Authors: Görög György , Weisz Péter
Published: July 2019

We have developed an application aiming at federated search for EU and Hungarian legislation and jurisdiction. It now contains above 1 million documents, with daily updates. The database holds documents downloaded from the EU sources EUR-Lex and Curia Online as well as public jurisdiction documents from the Constitutional Court of Hungary and The National Office for The Judiciary. The application is termed Justeus. Justeus provides comprehensible search possibilities. Besides free text and metadata (dropdown list) searches, it features hierarchical data structures (concept hierarchy trees) of directory codes and classification as well as subject terms. Justeus collects all links of a particular document to other documents (court judgements citing other case law documents as well as legislation, national court decisions referring to EU regulation etc.) as tables and directed graph networks. Choosing a document, its relations to other documents are visualized in real time as a network. Network graphs help in identifying key documents influencing or referred by many other documents (legislative and/or jurisdictive) and sets of documents predominantly referring to each other (citation networks).
Parameters Identification for Inverse Option Problems Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Methods
Authors: Ota Yasushi , Jiang Yu
Published: July 2019

This paper investigates the inverse option problems (IOP) in the extended Black--Scholes model arising in financial markets. We identify the volatility and the drift coefficient from the measured data in financial markets using a Bayesian inference approach, which is presented as an IOP solution. The posterior probability density function of the parameters is computed from the measured data. The statistics of the unknown parameters are estimated by a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm, which exploits the posterior state space. The efficient sampling strategy of the MCMC algorithm enables us to solve inverse problems by the Bayesian inference technique. Our numerical results indicate that the Bayesian inference approach can simultaneously estimate the unknown trend and volatility coefficients from the measured data.
Using Different ML Algorithms and Hyperparameter Optimisation to Predict Heat Meters' Failures
Authors: Pałasz Przemysław , Przysowa Radosław
Published: July 2019

The need to increase the energy efficiency of buildings as well as the use of local renewable heat sources has caused that heat meters are used not only to calculate the consumed energy but also for the active management of central heating systems. Increasing the reading frequency and the use of measurement data to control the heating system expands the requirements for the reliability of heat meters. The aim of the research is to analyse a large set of meters in the real network and predict their faults to avoid inaccurate readings, incorrect billing, heating system disruption and unnecessary maintenance. The reliability analysis of heat metres, based on historical data collected over several years, shows some regularities which cannot be easily described by physics-based models. The failure rate is almost constant and does depend on the past but is a non-linear combination of state variables. To predict meters' failures in the next settlement period, three independent machine learning models are implemented and compared with selected metrics because even the high performance of a single model (87\% True Positive for Neural Network) may be insufficient to make a maintenance decision. Additionally, performing hyperparameters optimisation boosts models' performance by a few percent. Finally, three improved models are used to build an ensemble classifier which outperforms the individual models. The proposed procedure ensures the high efficiency of fault detection (>95\%), while maintaining overfitting at the minimum level. The methodology is universal and can be utilised to study the reliability and predict faults of other types of meters and different objects with the constant failure rate.
Electrospun Core-Shell Nanofiber as Separator for Lithium-Ion Batteries with High Performance and Improved Safety
Authors: Zhao Yun , Li Yanxi , Liang Zheng
Published: July 2019

Though the energy density of lithium-ion batteries continues to increase, safety issues related with the internal short-circuit and the resulting combustion of highly flammable electrolyte impede the further development of lithium-ion batteries. It has been well-accepted that a thermal stable separator is important to postpone the entire battery short-circuit and thermal-runaway. Traditional methods to improve the thermal stability of separators includes surface modification and/or developing alternate material systems for separators which may always affect the battery performance negatively. Herein, a thermostable and shrink-free separator with little compromise in battery performance is prepared by coaxial electrospinning and tested. The separator consists of core-shell fiber networks where poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) layer serves as shell and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the core. This core-shell fiber network exhibits little or even no shrinking/melting at elevated temperature over 250 °C. Meanwhile, it shows excellent electrolyte wettability and can take large amount of liquid electrolyte three times more than that of conventional Celgard 2400 separator. In addition, the half-cell using LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 as cathode and the aforementioned electrospun core-shell fiber network as separator demonstrates superior electrochemical behavior, stably cycling for 200 cycles at 1 C with a reversible capacity of 130 mAh g-1 and little capacity decay.
Design and Implementation of a Programmable Multi-Parametric Five Degrees of Freedom Seismic Waves Geo-Mechanics Simulation IoT Platform
Authors: Tariq Hasan , Touati Farid , E. Al-Hitmi Mohammed Abdulla , Crescini Damiano , Ben Mnaouer Adel
Published: July 2019

Natural calamities observation, study and simulation has always been a prime concern for disaster management agencies. Billions of dollars are spent annually to explore geo-seismic movements especially earthquakes but it has always been a unique accident. The real-time study of seismic waves, ground motions, and earthquakes always needed a programmable mechanical structure capable of physically producing the identical geo-seismic motions with seismology domain definitions. A programmable multi-parametric five degrees of freedom electromechanical seismic wave events simulation platform to study and experiment seismic waves and earthquakes realization in the form of geo-mechanic ground motions is exhibited in this work. The proposed platform was programmed and interfaced through an IoT cloud-based Web application. The geo-mechanics was tested in the range of i) frequencies of extreme seismic waves from 0.1Hz to 178Hz; ii) terrestrial inclinations from -10.000° to 10.000°; iii) velocities of 1km/s to 25km/s iv) variable arrival times 1us to 3000ms; v) magnitudes M1.0 to M10.0 earthquake; vi) epi-central and hypo-central distances of 290+ and 350+ kilometers. Wadati and triangulation methods have been used for entire platform dynamics design and implementation as one of key contributions in this work. This platform is as an enabler for a variety of applications such as training self-balancing and calibrating seismic-resistant designs and structures in addition to studying and testing seismic detection devices as well as motion detection sensors. Nevertheless, it serves as an adequate training colossus for machine learning algorithms and event management expert systems.
Implications of Hf Isotopes for the Evolution of the Mantle Source of Magmas Associated with the Giant El Teniente Cu-Mo Megabreccia Deposit, Central Chile
Authors: Stern Charles R. , Pang Kwan-Nang , Lee Hao-Yang , Skewes M. Alexandra , Arévalo Alejandra
Published: July 2019

We have determined Hf isotopic compositions of 12 samples associated with the giant El Teniente Cu-Mo deposit, Chile. The samples range in age from ≥8.9 to 2.3 Ma and provide information about the temporal evolution of their magmatic sources from the Late Miocene to Pliocene. Together with previously published data, the new analysis indicate a temporal decrease of 10 εHf(t) units, from +11.6 down to +1.6, in the 12.7 m.y. from 15 to 2.3 Ma. These variations imply increasing incorporation of continental crust through time in the magmas that formed these rocks. The fact that the samples include mantle-derived olivine basalts and olivine lamprophyres suggests that these continental components were incorporated into their mantle source, and not by intra-crustal contamination (MASH). We attribute the increase, between the Middle Miocene and Pliocene, of crustal components in the subarc mantle source below El Teniente to be due to increased subduction erosion and transport of crust into the mantle. The deposit formed above a large, long-lived, vertically zoned magma chamber that developed due to compressive deformation and persisted between the period ~7 to 4.6 Ma. Progressively more hydrous mantle-derived mafic magmas feed this chamber from below, providing heat, H2O, S and metals, but no unique “fertile” Cu-rich magma was involved in the formation of the deposit. As the volume of these mantle-derived magmas decreased from the Late Miocene into the Pliocene, the chamber crystallized and solidified, producing felsic plutons and large metal-rich magmatic-hydrothermal breccias that emplaced Cu and S into the older (≥8.9 Ma) mafic host rocks of this megabreccia deposit.
A Survey of Power Take-off Systems of Ocean Wave Energy Converters
Authors: Liu Zhenwei , Zhang Ran , Xiao Han , Wang Xu
Published: July 2019

Ocean wave energy conversion as one of the renewable clean energy sources is attracting the research interests of many people. This review introduces different types of power take-off technology of wave energy converters. The main focus is the linear direct drive power take-off devices as they have the advantages for ocean wave energy conversion. The designs and optimizations of power take-off systems of ocean wave energy converters have been studied from reviewing the recently published literature. Also, the simple hydrodynamics of wave energy converters have been reviewed for design optimization of the wave energy converters at specific wave sites. The novel mechanical designs of the power take-off systems have been compared and investigated in order to increase the energy harvesting efficiency.
Towards a Universal Semantic Dictionary
Authors: Castro-Bleda María José , Iklodi Eszter , Recski Gabor , Borbely Gabor
Published: July 2019

A novel method for finding linear mappings among word embeddings for several languages, taking as pivot a shared, universal embedding space, is proposed in this paper. Previous approaches learn translation matrices between two specific languages, but this method learn translation matrices between a given language and a shared, universal space. The system was first trained on bilingual, and later on multilingual corpora as well. In the first case two different training data were applied; Dinu’s English-Italian benchmark data, and English-Italian translation pairs extracted from the PanLex database. In the second case only the PanLex database was used. The system performs on English-Italian languages with the best setting significantly better than the baseline system of Mikolov et al. [1], and it provides a comparable performance with the more sophisticated systems of Faruqui and Dyer [2] and Dinu et al. [3]. Exploiting the richness of the PanLex database, the proposed method makes it possible to learn linear mappings among an arbitrary number of languages.
One Year of Sustainability Is Not Enough
Authors: Alnuaim Sami
Published: July 2019

President's column

I cannot believe that a year has passed since I was inaugurated as SPE president in Dallas last September. My term has passed at the speed of light as I have traveled all over the world meeting our members and representing SPE at conferences and other events. I believe what I enjoyed the most was visiting with our student members in university chapters, engaging with our industry’s future leaders. I saw the pride and hope in their eyes. Our industry, and our world, face some significant challenges in the decades ahead. I saw in their faces the willingness to embrace and solve those challenges. Many are ready to call themselves Citizen Engineers, and bring best-in-class environmental and social practices to bear, even as they strive to meet growing world energy demand.

According to the latest BP Energy Outlook, over the next 20 years, world reliance on oil and gas in the overall energy mix will decline only slightly in percentage terms, and will actually rise in total volume supplied. By 2040, meeting projections for world energy demand will require a 6% in-crease in oil production and a 33% increase in natural gas production. In both cases, this increase is after compensating for natural declines of 3–5% per year in conventional fields and much higher declines in unconventional resources. Being able to find, develop, produce, and deliver that level of resources to power world economies will be a significant undertaking.

That challenge is coupled with the growing environmental and social challenges of our planet. World population will increase by 1.7 billion in the next 20 years, with almost half that growth in Africa, which currently has the highest levels of energy poverty. According to the Energy Outlook, the world will need to double current gross domestic product by 2040 to support these new inhabitants. The biggest environmental challenge is rising CO2 emissions. World opinion holds fossil fuels responsible, and that is putting increasing pressure on our license to operate. We must respond—not by denying or debating our role, but by demonstrating leadership in addressing the problem. I am encouraged by the efforts I see happening across our industry to address CO2 emissions, with substantial investments, initiatives, and solid plans being•made.•

During my talks around the world, I highlighted 10 game changers where our industry can help to arrest the CO2 emission increase.

Reducing gas flaring. Our industry has successfully reduced the amount of flared gas by 15% while oil production increased by 33%. Flared gas has value—capturing the associated natural gas and diverting it to power generation or petrochemicals acquires that value as well as significantly reducing methane and CO2 emissions. I see huge opportunities for more investment in countries currently flaring their associated gas so they can generate electric power for their citizens and industries.