bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Balansreceptet
Authors: Berg Linda , Lundgren Anna Sofia , Jönsson Maria
Published: June 2023

In recent years, menopause as a phase of transition has received great media attention in Sweden, not only in terms of the cessation of menstrual periods, but specifi cally with a focus on hormonal changes in the longer period of time during which female bodies undergo adjustment. In books such as Hormonstark [Hormone strong] (2020), Perimenopower (2018) and Livet med klimakteriet [Life with Menopause] (2020), the stressed reader in mid-career can get knowledge, tips, ideas and inspiring stories about how to deal with the fl uctuating hormones that are said to affect the body during menopause. In this article, we take a poststructuralist feminist perspective on the narratives of hormones and body control in the above mentioned three examples of self-help literature. The aim is to explore how this type of literature represents women’s menopause and hormonal bodies in a broader sense, and how women are in relation to this discourse. The results show that, although hormone narratives may have feminist potential, they primarily represent menopause as an individual rather than a structural matter. The result also display a close resemblance between hormone narratives and contemporary biocapitalism with the aging female body as a lucrative threat.
Minoritetsstress
Authors: Khawaja Iram
Published: June 2023

I denne artikel undersøges og afklares, hvad minoritetsstress er, og hvordan begrebet kan anvendes til at forstå etnisk og racialiserede minoriteters hverdagslige udfordringer med mikroaggressioner, stigmatisering og diskrimination. Der mangler i udpræget grad forskning om minoritetsstress i en dansk/nordisk sammenhæng, hvor det traditionelle fokus på stress i høj grad repræsenterer et individualistisk fokus på den enkeltes evne til at håndtere belastninger, og hvor fokus på diskrimination og andetgørelse sjældent omfatter en opmærksomhed på de negative psykologiske konsekvenser det kan have. Minoritetsstress repræsenterer i denne forbindelse et fokus på de strukturelle og sociale forhold, som er knyttet til bestemte samfundsmæssige normer og forståelser, som skaber nogle grupper og personer som ”forkerte, ”mindre velkomne” og dermed som andetgjorte. Oplevelsen af at blive udskammet eller set som anderledes er forbundet med en konstant form for stress, som skal forstås i dens egen ret, hvilket fører til udviklingen af begrebet om minoritetsstress. I artiklen sammenholdes forskning om minoritetsstress med teorier om bl.a. stigmatisering, affektiv belastning, internaliseret racisme og ”passing”. Der peges i den forbindelse på, hvordan minoritetsstress kan føre til mere udvidede forståelser af både stress og resiliens som kollektivt forankrede processer, der tager højde for social ulighed, diskrimination og racisme.
Woman, Life, Freedom
Authors: Mehrabi Tara
Published: June 2023

In this essay, I draw on the lyrics of a viral song by Shervin Hajipour titled “Baraye” (meaning: for the sake of) that was released on 28 September 2022 and immediately became the anthem of the protests in Iran. I quote excerpts of the lyrics in three sections of this essay, connecting them to the slogan “Woman, Life, Freedom” chanted in the streets and the symbolic act of cutting one’s hair that has come to represent the protests. In the first of these sections, on woman, I reflect on the regime’s gender politics (of hair), arguing that the act of cutting one’s hair becomes a symbolic act of resisting such gender politics. In the second section, on life, I focus on the act of cutting hair as a mode of mourning the unjust and untimely deaths, for which accountability is demanded. In the last section, on freedom, I focus on the sexual politics of hair and the politics of the veil. I argue that cutting one’s hair is a symbolic act of resisting modes of sexualization that are used by the regime to justify mandatory hijab. Putting together the three parts – woman, life, freedom – I conclude that cutting one’s hair is a feminist act of resistance, an exercise of agency through which Iranian women are taking control and reclaiming their womanhood, their lives, their bodies and their freedom of choice.
Formativ og summativ evaluering af matematiske kompetencer set ud fra SOLO-taksonomien
Authors: Søndergaard Bettina Dahl
Published: June 2023

Responsartikel til Højgaard & Niss’ artikel:”Om formativ evaluering af matematiske kompetencer”. I denne responsartikel diskuteres nogle af ideerne, som fremsættes af Højgaard og Niss (2023), herunder hvad der karakteriserer kompetencer og forholdet mellem formativ og summativ evaluering. Der argumenteres for at se en formativ evaluering i sammenhæng med en summativ evaluering, da den formative evaluering afhænger af og indirekte er rettet mod den summative. Men primært er artiklen en analyse af de otte matematiske kompetencer (kompetenceblomsten) ud fra SOLO-taksonomien. Dette sker for derigennem at kvalificere kompetencebegrebet yderligere, primært ift. hvordan man kan forstå de verber, som bruges til at beskrive de otte kompetencer. Denne præcisering af kompetencebeskrivelserne er en hjælp i en evalueringssituation, da man ikke kan lede efter tegn på, om elever besidder en kompetence, hvis man ikke ved præcist, hvad man mener. Der er et eksempel fra stx-læreplanen på, hvordan man kan forstå det at ”læse”. Også verbet ”forstå” diskuteres, da dette bruges på vidt forskellige SOLO-niveauer.
Cinema e educação básica
Authors: Silva Daniela da , Pieczkowski Tania Mara Zancanaro
Published: June 2023

Este texto se ocupa de uma discussão, que parte dos enunciados de quatro docentes da Educação Básica, entrevistados durante a pesquisa de Mestrado em Educação de uma das autoras. Os questionamentos e implicações dali resultados, nos levam a pensar as relações entre o cinema e a docência, como espaço de produção de experiências de si e de subjetividades. Para tanto, olhamos para a obra de Michel Foucault, quando o autor reflete a ética como práticas de si mesmo e práticas de verdade, - evidenciando a liberdade do sujeito em detrimento dos processos de aprisionamento. Sem abandonar a herança da sua obra, sua Análise do Discurso, encontramos uma chave de leitura amparada nas relações entre sujeito e verdade, mediadas e construídas pelas práticas de si, sobretudo, tomadas a partir da noção do cuidado de si. Trazemos à superfície, assim, a problemática da verdade, da ética e da estética na educação, como espaço para pensar a narrativa de professores brasileiros, em um contexto no qual o currículo, o tempo em sala de aula e a vida docente não podem ser vistos separadamente. Por fim, observamos as condições de possibilidade de tensionar o lugar reservado para o cinema no planejamento docente e na escola.
Escolarização aberta no desenvolvimento de multiletramentos em projetos de proteção ambiental
Authors: Rabello Cíntia Regina Lacerda , Okada Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Este artigo investiga como a escolarização aberta pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento dos multiletramentos de jovens da Educação Básica a partir da realização de projetos relacionados à proteção ambiental como parte do projeto CONNECT entre os anos de 2020 e 2022. A pesquisa qualitativa analisa quatro projetos desenvolvidos em escolas no Brasil e no Reino Unido para responder a seguinte questão de pesquisa: Como as práticas de escolarização aberta contribuíram para o desenvolvimento dos multiletramentos dos estudantes? Para isso, utilizamos a taxonomia dos letramentos digitais de Dudeney; Hockly e Pegrum (2016) e também relacionamos o modelo CARE-KNOW-DO (OKADA; SHERBORNE, 2018), desenvolvido para práticas de escolarização aberta, com a pedagogia dos multiletramentos (COPE; KALANTZIS, 2000; 2020). Os resultados provenientes da análise das descrições dos projetos publicadas na página de Boas Práticas da plataforma CONNECT indicam que os estudantes se engajaram ativamente nas atividades propostas pelos projetos de refaunação, desenvolvendo multiletramentos e diferentes letramentos digitais, tais como letramentos com foco em linguagem e informação, além de letramento científico e midiático. O estudo ainda conclui que, apesar dos dois modelos propostos serem provenientes de campos diferentes do conhecimento, como ensino de ciências e de linguagem, eles possuem várias características em comum, uma vez que ambos propõem processos educacionais voltados para a promoção da equidade e da cidadania por meio de práticas transformadoras nas quais os estudantes se tornam agentes do próprio aprendizado e capazes de transformar suas realidades.
Ciência Cidadã como estratégia de escolarização aberta em biodiversidade tornando estudantes atores responsáveis no Amazonas
Authors: Chaves de Castro Thais Helena , Nogueira de Castro Junior Alberto
Published: June 2023

Alunos da educação básica (do Ensino Fundamental ao Ensino Médio) utilizam as tecnologias emergentes (smartphones, vestíveis, smartwatches, tablets, etc.) com a naturalidade típica de um nativo digital. Porém, apesar dos últimos avanços na educação, as práticas de ensino geralmente não incluem a tecnologia como um meio natural para os alunos construírem conhecimento. Com base na escolarização aberta, este estudo destaca que a aprendizagem para a construção de conhecimento científico deveria iniciar durante os anos de formação na educação básica, quando os alunos desenvolvem habilidades de pensamento crítico vivendo com suas famílias, inseridos em uma comunidade, onde percebem suas dificuldades e possuem o desejo de mudança. Esta pesquisa propõe uma abordagem didática de intervenção para as aulas de Ciências no Amazonas, utilizando escolarização aberta em projetos de Ciência Cidadã imersos na tecnologia, onde os alunos agem como cientistas e cidadãos. A abordagem passou por dois estudos: o primeiro foi a condução e resultados da prática do projeto de escolarização aberta com Ciência Cidadã com alunos do Ensino Fundamental e o outro uma reflexão sobre o conhecimento consolidado em alunos do Ensino Médio. Os resultados que ampliam a área da escolarização aberta com a Ciência Cidadã são os envolvimentos dos alunos nos projetos e a indicação de necessidade de se adotar as perspectivas de Ciência Cidadã e escolarização aberta como um percurso educacional e não somente em projetos isolados.
Pedagogia da hipermobilidade
Authors: Martins Vivian
Published: June 2023

O presente artigo científico apresenta os resultados da pesquisa de doutorado em Educação, que teve como objetivo explorar a construção de práticas pedagógicas na relação cidade-escola-ciberespaço por professores durante uma pesquisa-formação em cibercultura, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de uma pedagogia da hipermobilidade. A pesquisa foi realizada com professores em formação continuada que atuam na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, dentro dos cursos oferecidos pelo Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia empregada foi a pesquisa-formação na cibercultura, que combina a prática docente com a pesquisa e envolve a investigação do constructo da pesquisa e o compartilhamento de saberes com praticantes plurais. Dois dispositivos de pesquisa em hipermobilidade foram desenvolvidos durante a experiência de campo, para refletir sobre diferentes contextos de pesquisa e formação, levando à proposta de um conceito de pedagogia da hipermobilidade. Através da investigação emergiram sete noções subsunçoras: a existência problematizadora que modifica o mundo, a educação-mundo, a educação interativa, inventiva e experiencial, a educação em movimento, a educação conectada, a educação personalizada e contextualizada e esperançar um novo mundo. Esses conceitos lançam luz sobre as práticas pedagógicas que professores e pesquisadores precisam considerar para uma pedagogia da hipermobilidade, permitindo experiências em movimento que estejam conectadas e relacionadas às suas comunidades.
Channel processing-based time-reversal method for multi-target tunable focusing
Authors: Yan Yi-Zhu , Ding Shuai , Han Xu , Wang Bing-Zhong ,   Institute of Applied Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Published: June 2023

Achieving tunable focus of electromagnetic field energy at multiple target points is a critical challenge in the wireless power transfer (WPT) domain. In order to solve this problem, some techniques such as optimal constrained power focusing (OCPF) and time reversal (TR) have been proposed. The former presents limited practical applicability while the latter is noteworthy for its adaptive spatiotemporal synchronous focusing characteristics. However, the time reversal mirror (TRM) method necessitates intricate pretesting and has highly complex systems. In this study, we introduce a novel channel processing method, named channel extraction, selection, weighting, and reconstruction (CESWR), to attain balanced power distribution for multiple users, featuring low complexity, high computability, and rapid convergence. Unlike the traditional TR approach, our proposed method, based on channel correlation considerations, filters the channel impulse response (CIR) for multiple targets, dividing them into distinct characteristic and similar components for each target. This method ensures focused generation at both receiving ends while facilitating high-precision regulation of the peak voltage of the received signal. Furthermore, this study implements a rigorous examination of the linearity intrinsic to the proposed method, explicating a singular correspondence between the tuning of theoretical weights and the resultant outcomes. In order to verify the efficacy of this method, we construct a single-input multiple-output time-reversal cavity (SIMO-TRC) system. Subsequent experiments conducted for both loosely and tightly correlated models, provide invaluable insights. Evidently, in the loosely correlated model, the CESWR method exhibits proficiency in attaining a peak voltage ratio (PVR) of nearly 1.00 at the two receivers, with a minuscule numerical discrepancy of merely \begin{document}$8 \times {10^{ - 6}}$\end{document} mV. In stark contrast, under the tightly correlated model, the CESWR method demonstrates an enhanced ability to differentiate between two targets, thus offering a noticeable improvement over the classic single-target TR method.
Sensitivity enhancement in laser self-mixing nano-particle sizer with linear current tuning based frequency shifting method
Authors: Kou Ke , Wang Cuo , Wang Xian , Lian Tian-Hong , Jiao Ming-Xing , Fan Yu-Zhen ,   School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
Published: June 2023

Laser self-mixing interferometry (SMI) has been widely researched and applied to the field of traditional physical quantities (such as displacement, distance, velocity and vibration) detection due to the well-known merits of compact structure, low-cost and high sensitivity, additionally, it has also shown great potential in nano-particle sizing during the last two decades, primarily depending on the incoherent stochastic superposition of laser beam’s interaction with each particle in the illuminating volume, and the particle diameter can be determined from the power spectra of self-mixed signals through Lorentz fitting. SMI particle sensing generally uses constant current driving laser diodes (LD), so the power spectrum peak occurs around zero-frequency and merely exhibits the right-hand half. Some other particle sensors using solid-state lasers (SSL), however, prefer to employ a pair of acousto-optic modulators (AOM) as frequency shifters, which pronouncedly increases the complexity and the cost of the whole system. In this paper, linear modulation current is applied to a LD to achieve laser frequency tuning and conveniently shift the concerned Lorentz peak to any desired spectrum position. Moreover, higher-order harmonics of the shifted Lorentz peak, arising from intrinsically tilted SMI fringes, exhibit wider spectrum broadening than the main peak and can be employed to improve the sensitivity in nano-particle recognition. The technique proposed has been validated by simulation and experimental results, and it is beneficial to developing low-cost, compact and highly sensitive SMI particle sensors or instruments.
Cortico-thalamo-cortical interactions modulate electrically evoked EEG responses in mice
Authors: Claar Leslie D , Rembado Irene , Kuyat Jacqulyn R , Russo Simone , Marks Lydia C , Olsen Shawn R , Koch Christof
Published: June 2023

Perturbational complexity analysis predicts the presence of consciousness in volunteers and patients by stimulating the brain with brief pulses, recording EEG responses, and computing their spatiotemporal complexity. We examined the underlying neural circuits in mice by directly stimulating cortex while recording with EEG and Neuropixels probes during wakefulness and isoflurane anesthesia. When mice are awake, stimulation of deep cortical layers reliably evokes locally a brief pulse of excitation, followed by a biphasic sequence of 120 ms profound off period and a rebound excitation. A similar pattern, partially attributed to burst spiking, is seen in thalamic nuclei and is associated with a pronounced late component in the evoked EEG. We infer that cortico-thalamo-cortical interactions drive the long-lasting evoked EEG signals elicited by deep cortical stimulation during the awake state. The cortical and thalamic off period and rebound excitation, and the late component in the EEG, are reduced during running and absent during anesthesia.
Separating phases of allopolyploid evolution with resynthesized and natural Capsella bursa-pastoris
Authors: Duan Tianlin , Sicard Adrien , Glémin Sylvain , Lascoux Martin
Published: June 2023

Allopolyploidization is a frequent evolutionary transition in plants that combines whole-genome duplication (WGD) and interspecific hybridization. The genome of an allopolyploid species results from initial interactions between parental genomes and long-term evolution. Distinguishing the contributions of these two phases is essential to understanding the evolutionary trajectory of allopolyploid species. Here, we compared phenotypic and transcriptomic changes in natural and resynthesized Capsella allotetraploids with their diploid parental species. We focused on phenotypic traits associated with the selfing syndrome and on transcription-level phenomena such as expression-level dominance (ELD), transgressive expression (TRE), and homoeolog expression bias (HEB). We found that selfing syndrome, high pollen, and seed quality in natural allotetraploids likely resulted from long-term evolution. Similarly, TRE and most down-regulated ELD were only found in natural allopolyploids. Natural allotetraploids also had more ELD toward the self-fertilizing parental species than resynthesized allotetraploids, mirroring the establishment of the selfing syndrome. However, short-term changes mattered, and 40% of the cases of ELD in natural allotetraploids were already observed in resynthesized allotetraploids. Resynthesized allotetraploids showed striking variation of HEB among chromosomes and individuals. Homoeologous synapsis was its primary source and may still be a source of genetic variation in natural allotetraploids. In conclusion, both short- and long-term mechanisms contributed to transcriptomic and phenotypic changes in natural allotetraploids. However, the initial gene expression changes were largely reshaped during long-term evolution leading to further morphological changes.
Approach-oriented Physiotherapeutic Management of a Patient with Right Thalamic Bleed: A Case Report
Authors: Badwaik Neha Rajesh , Harjpal Pallavi , Dadgal Ragini
Published: June 2023

Rehabilitation is essential for stroke recovery. Professionals with experience in stroke rehabilitation from the different fields should make up a basic multidisciplinary stroke rehabilitation team. A stroke is the sudden loss of blood supply to the brain followed by a neurological deficit for more than 24 hours. A 42-year-old male patient presented with chief complaints of sudden weakness over one side of the body, slurred speech and blurred vision. The patient showed typical features of stroke-like tonal abnormalities, altered sensorium, diminished reflexes, reduced range of motion and strength. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed bleeding in the right lenticular capsular, basal ganglia and intraparenchymal part of the thalamus. The physiotherapy treatment started from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) itself for better results with the collaboration of neurosurgeons and nurses, after the surgery. The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) approach and Rood’s approach were used to generate neuroplasticity as early as possible. The motor relearning program helped to regain the movements. Various outcome measures like the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Brunstorm grading, and Barthel index showed many crucial changes in tone, strength, balance, and coordination that improved the patient’s Quality of Life (QoL). Also, speech therapists and neuro-optometrist play an important role during rehabilitation.
Influence of Anthropogenic Factors on Reforestation Activities in the Ecosystems of the Teaching and Research Forest (FER) of the National School of Water and Forests (ENEF) Mbalmayo in Cameroon
Authors: Elvis Ngueguim Chenang , Christelle Tsemo Tchuenwo Diane , Florent Menyene Etoundi Laurent , Prisca Mewamba Ariane , Leocardie Inimbock Sorel , Patrick Ella Ella Yannick , Mbairessem Djimarabeye Christian , Romaric Kankeu Kayou Ulrich
Published: June 2023

Aims: This study, carried out in the Teaching and Research Forest (FER) of the national school of water and forests (ENEF) Mbalmayo, is part of the maintenance and protection of its biodiversity. The general objective is to identify the anthropogenic threats to the ENEF's FER. Specifically, to take stock of the reforestation, and to propose a restoration strategy corresponding to the ecological and social context of the RFM’s reforestation.

Study Design: Forestry Department of the Mbalmayo National Forestry School. More precisely, in the school's teaching and research forest, commonly known as the "forest school". Between May 2021 and March 2022.

Methodology: To achieve this, four plots of 1 hectare each were set up according to the level of degradation caused by the type of human activity. The data collected included an inventory of degraded areas, identification of the threats caused by human activities to FER ecosystems through direct observations in the field, and botanical inventories in the degraded plots. Given that the information on past floristic potential (before the threat) is known, the current inventory data made it possible to assess the threats. Bush fires, the removal of bark by local residents and agricultural plantations are the main threats to the RMF.

Results: The Krustal Wallis test was used to compare the different plots, where a P-value of 0.00 for the Moabi and Bamboo plots means that there is no significant difference between these two sites at the 5% threshold with regard to the threats they face. On the other hand, this test shows that there is a significant difference between the plots in the inaugurated zone (ZI) and the burnt zone (ZB) at the 5% threshold with regard to their significant anthropogenic impacts, with respective P-values of 47% and 88%. These values show, following the determination of importance value indices (IVI), that threats are more severe on polyspecific sites such as inaugurated and burnt sites, as these are more coveted by local populations.

Conclusion: The anthropogenic activities detected in the course of this study were the debarking observed in the Moabi plots, the bush fires encountered in the ZB site and the field activities (agricultural plantations) encountered in the Bamboo site. However, 3,174 trees survived the anthropogenic threats, compared with 1,036 that barely survived. 181 trees miraculously regenerated naturally.
Interaction Effect of Operating Parameters of Blade on Vermicompost Quality under Drum Condition
Authors: Singh Shambhu , Jogdand S. V. , Naik R. K. , Dave A. K. , Victor V. M.
Published: June 2023

The curve blade, operational parameters and vermicompost physical properties are the key parameters come to pronouncement for breaking, churning and mixing clods condition. C, L and J curve blades was tested in the churning machine under drum condition for large, medium and small textured clods at vermicompost physical properties namely moisture content (15.24-35.48 % db.), bulk density (646 -732kg m-3) and crushing force (30 N). The performance results were analyzed in terms of mean mass diameter of vermicompost with the effects of three operating parameters namely moisture content % db, blade speed m s-1 and blade type. Experiments were designed by opstate software and statistically analyzed and evaluated by RBD method. The average values of vermicompost mean mass diameter were found to be minimum 4.31 mm with their optimum moisture content % db, blade speed m s-1 were found to be 25.42 %, 5.34 m s-1 and C-curve blade respectively.
Design and Development of Power Transmission System for Tractor Operated Hybrid Bio-Composite Mulch Sheet Laying Machine
Authors: Raju R. Ravindra , D’souza Prashant Mario
Published: June 2023

Tractor 3 point hitch drawn hybrid bio-composite bio degradable mulch laying machine was designed and developed based on the formulation of the hybrid bio-composite mulch sheets with a intension of the integrate the field operations at easy pace and conserve the time and labour. The prototype was fabricated and tested in the fields in order to perform the operations such as hybrid bio-composite mulch sheet laying, Mulch sheet pressing and guiding and soil covering on the edges of the mulch sheets in one forward movement of the machine. The machine was fabricated with design of many components but the power transmission system was plays a major role in this machine as the entire forward movement of machine and performance of the mulch sheet laying unit was depends on the power transmission system only. Various components of power transmission system was designed such as shafts, chain, bearings and sprockets etc. The shaft design was done considering the two conditions of fields while in operation like considering twisting and bending moments of the shaft as well as sudden applied shocks and fluctuated loads.  Considering the two conditions, the main shaft, counter shaft and rear wheel shafts diameters were designed based on this two conditions and obtained results were  30 mm, 40 mm and 25 mm respectively The chain and sprocket will be used for the transmitting the power from one shaft to other one. The length of the chain was calculated 162.56 cm and the HP transmitted by the selected chain and HP of chain drive system were calculated as 2.05 hp and 0.339 hp respectively. Based on the results, the calculated horse power was less than the  horse power of selected chain that means required horse power was 0.339 hp but we have got 2.05 hp, hence the design was safe and  machine will be operate without any hassles.
Evaluation of Purple Segmented Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes for Growth and Yield Contributing Characters under Coimbatore Condition
Authors: Varshik S. V. , Savitha B. K. , Thangamani C. , Boopathi N. Manikanda , Suganthy M.
Published: June 2023

Aim: Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops which is grown in India and throughout the world which belongs to Solanaceae family with chromosome number 2n =24. This investigation is mainly aimed to evaluate the brinjal genotypes and identify the superior genotypes with high yield, good quality and tolerance to shoot and fruit borer.

Study Design: The experimental materials consisted of twenty-one genotypes and two check were laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two replications.

Place and Duration of Research: The study was carried out at Horticulture orchard, Department of Vegetable Science, Horticulture College and research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2022-2023.

Methodology: In this study, twenty-one genotypes along with two checks were collected from various part of Tamil Nadu. Plants were raised in portrays and 30 days old plants were transplanted to main field at 60 X 60 cm spacing. Growth and yield parameters were observed and recorded.

Results: Based on per se performances CBE-SM-006 found to be superior genotype since, it recorded highest marketable fruit yield, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster and minimum fruit and shoot borer infestation followed by CBE-SM-108. Hence, CBE-SM-006 and CBE-SM-108 are the promising genotypes which can be used for further breeding programme. 

Conclusion: The study will provide detail knowledge on selecting the superior genotypes for further crop improvement in brinjal.
COVID‐19 stigma, Australia and slow violence: An analysis of 21 months of COVID news reporting
Authors: Georgeou Nichole , Buhler King Cymbeline , Tame Lilian , Ergler Christina , Huish Robert
Published: June 2023

Throughout the peak periods of Australia's COVID‐19 pandemic experience of 2020–2021, some lower socioeconomic areas with high migrant populations in Sydney and Melbourne were subjected to strict lockdown enforcement that included heavy police surveillance not experienced in the more affluent areas of these cities. Analysis of four major newspapers' COVID‐19 coverage from January 2020 to September 2021 reveals their reporting focussed on aspects of individual behaviour that inferred people from lower socioeconomic areas had a heightened risk of exposure to COVID‐19. We argue this media portrayal of severe lockdowns and policing measures played a prominent role in exacerbating previously existing stigma as it compounded the stigma levelled at those communities. It further contributed to an “us and them” mentality that aligned with persistent structural inequality to compound existing stigma to develop a slow violence of COVID‐19‐related stigma. The lens of slow violence allows us to track incremental stigmatising processes, often imperceptible when viewed in isolation. Axiomatic violence adds a complementary perspective to slow violence, highlighting the role of crisis and disciplinary behaviours in embedding structural violence into the social norms of daily life.
Cellulose nanocrystal addition in thin film nanocomposite membranes: Which monomer solution is preferred?
Authors: Abedi Fatemeh , Kruczek Boguslaw , Dubé Marc A.
Published: June 2023

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are biodegradable nanoparticles with a high aspect ratio and abundant surface hydroxyl groups resulting in negatively charged hydrophilic surfaces that make them an ideal candidate to be incorporated in thin‐film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes. In this study, we modified the CNCs via acetylation (ACNCs) to reduce their hydrophilicity and via reaction with L‐cysteine (CysCNCs) to impart them with functionality that promoted their interaction with the trimesoyl chloride organic monomer used in the preparation of the poly(amide) layer of the TFN membranes. These modifications allowed us to question in which monomer solution the nanoparticles should be dispersed. Addition of the unmodified CNCs in either the aqueous or organic monomer solution showed little difference in membrane performance. However, the addition of either the ACNCs or the CysCNCs to the organic monomer solution led to a significant increase in membrane performance in reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) systems compared to their addition to the aqueous monomer solution. In addition, the CysCNCs exhibited performance very near the upper‐bound line for RO and NF.
Preliminary results on the applicability of neutron activation analysis (NAA) to identify cherts from the Munsungun Lake Formation, Maine, USA
Authors: Kitchel Nathaniel R. , MacDonald Brandi L. , Boulanger Matthew T. , Rockwell Heather M.
Published: June 2023

Red chert attributed to the Munsungun Lake Formation, Maine, USA is common in late Pleistocene fluted‐point‐period archaeological sites located throughout the New England states and Quebec, appearing more frequently than any other material type in the region. Despite the assumed association between red Munsungun chert and fluted‐point‐period sites, until recently, it was not possible to link red chert artifacts from these sites to a specific source area within the Munsungun Lake Formation because outcrops of this material associated with direct evidence of past use were not documented. Here, we report the first results of a neutron activation analysis (NAA) study of red Munsungun chert from two quarry areas within the Munsungun Lake Formation. These results suggest that NAA can distinguish between chert source areas within the Munsungun Lake Formation and lookalike materials from the wider region. Additional analyses are required to include more comparative samples and evaluate the efficacy of less destructive geochemical techniques in characterizing cherts from the region. Despite the need for additional research, these results suggest that NAA will be useful for re‐evaluating past identifications of chert from the Munsungun Lake Formation, providing an important foundation for additional geochemical research in the region.
Real time lattice correlation functions from differential equations
Authors: Gasparotto Federico , Weinzierl Stefan , Xu Xiaofeng
Published: June 2023

Abstract

We report on an exact calculation of lattice correlation functions on a finite four-dimensional lattice with either Euclidean or Minkowskian signature. The lattice correlation functions are calculated by the method of differential equations. This method can be used for Euclidean and Minkowskian signature alike. The lattice correlation functions have a power series expansion in 1/$$ \sqrt{\lambda } $$

λ

, where λ is the coupling. We show that this series is convergent for all non-zero values of λ. At small coupling we quantify the accuracy of perturbative approximations. At the technical level we systematically investigate the interplay between twisted cohomology and the symmetries of the twist function.
Lagging behind: the hysteresis of austerity
Authors: Tafuro Andrea
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the role of hysteresis in the long-term transmission of consolidations in a panel of 17 OECD countries. The evidence supports that the hysteresis of the labour market is the main driver of consolidations’ long-term effects: an increase in the rigidity of the labour market exacerbates and prolongs the contraction following tax-based consolidations, while it mutes the expansion following expenditure-based consolidations. In contrast, the response of productivity is irrelevant to the presence of the long-term scars.
On the iterative regularization of non-linear illposed problems in $$L^{\infty }$$
Authors: Pieronek Lukas , Rieder Andreas
Published: June 2023

Parameter identification tasks for partial differential equations are non-linear illposed problems where the parameters are typically assumed to be in $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

. This Banach space is non-smooth, non-reflexive and non-separable and requires therefore a more sophisticated regularization treatment than the more regular $$L^p$$

L
p

-spaces with $$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

. We propose a novel inexact Newton-like iterative solver where the Newton update is an approximate minimizer of a smoothed Tikhonov functional over a finite-dimensional space whose dimension increases as the iteration progresses. In this way, all iterates stay bounded in $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

and the regularizer, delivered by a discrepancy principle, converges weakly-$$\star $$
⋆
to a solution when the noise level decreases to zero. Our theoretical results are demonstrated by numerical experiments based on the acoustic wave equation in one spatial dimension. This model problem satisfies all assumptions from our theoretical analysis.
Tailored extraction and ion mobility-mass spectrometry enables isotopologue analysis of tetrahydrofolate vitamers
Authors: Mitic Bernd M. , Mattanovich Diethard , Hann Stephan , Causon Tim
Published: June 2023

Climate change directs the focus in biotechnology increasingly on one-carbon metabolism for fixation of CO2 and CO2-derived chemicals (e.g. methanol, formate) to reduce our reliance on both fossil and food-competing carbon sources. The tetrahydrofolate pathway is involved in several one-carbon fixation pathways. To study such pathways, stable isotope-labelled tracer analysis performed with mass spectrometry is state of the art. However, no such method is currently available for tetrahydrofolate vitamers. In the present work, we established a fit-for-purpose extraction method for the methylotrophic yeast Komagataella phaffii that allows access to intracellular methyl- and methenyl-tetrahydrofolate (THF) with demonstrated stability over several hours. To determine isotopologue distributions of methyl-THF, LC-QTOFMS provides a selective fragment ion with suitable intensity of at least two isotopologues in all samples, but not for methenyl-THF. However, the addition of ion mobility separation provided a critical selectivity improvement allowing accurate isotopologue distribution analysis of methenyl-THF with LC-IM-TOFMS. Application of these new methods for 13C-tracer experiments revealed a decrease from 83 ± 4 to 64 ± 5% in the M + 0 carbon isotopologue fraction in methyl-THF after 1 h of labelling with formate, and to 54 ± 5% with methanol. The M + 0 carbon isotopologue fraction of methenyl-THF was reduced from 83 ± 2 to 78 ± 1% over the same time when using 13C-methanol labelling. The labelling results of multiple strains evidenced the involvement of the THF pathway in the oxygen-tolerant reductive glycine pathway, the presence of the in vivo reduction of formate to formaldehyde, and the activity of the spontaneous condensation reaction of formaldehyde with THF in K. phaffii.
Association Between Hip Bone Mineral Density and Mortality Risk After Hip Fracture: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ge Yufeng , Chen Yimin , Liu Gang , Zhu Shiwen , Li Bo , Tian Maoyi , Zhang Jing , Wu Xinbao , Yang Minghui
Published: June 2023

Factors related to mortality after osteoporotic hip fracture (HF) have been investigated intensively, except for proximal femoral bone mineral density (BMD), which is also the primary cause of osteoporosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of hip BMD with mortality risk after HF. Four hundred and eleven elderly patients with HF in Beijing, China, were included and prospectively followed up with a median time of 3 years. At baseline, quantitative CT technique (QCT) was used to measure areal BMD (aBMD) of the unaffected hip. Areal BMDs of the total hip (TH), femoral neck (FN), trochanter (TR), and intertrochanter were analyzed with postoperative mortality as the primary outcome. A total of 394 patients (78.59 ± 7.59 years, 75.4% female) were included in our final analysis, with 86 (82.23 ± 7.00 years, 81.4% female) dead. All hip bone densities demonstrated a significant association with mortality risks in the unadjusted model, but only TR aBMD remained significantly correlated after adjusting for all covariates. Compared to the lower TR aBMD group, the higher TR aBMD group yielded significantly lower death risks (HR 0.21 95% CI 0.05–0.9,P = 0.036). Higher survival probabilities were observed for higher TH and TR aBMD in survival analysis (P < 0.001). Hip BMD, especially TR BMD assessed by QCT, is an independent risk factor for postoperative mortality following HF. QCT may present a promising avenue for opportunistic analysis in immobilized patients, providing valuable information for early detection and personalized interventions to enhance patient outcomes.
Tumor immunology meets oncology (TIMO) XVI, July 07–09 2022 in Halle/Saale, Germany
Authors: Seliger Barbara
Published: June 2023

During the TIMO meeting 2022, national and international scientists as well as clinicians gave novel insights as well as perspectives into basic and translational tumor immunology.
Analysis of long-term mortality after total body irradiation-based and melphalan-based chemotherapy conditioning for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Gruber Isabella , Koelbl Oliver , Treutwein Marius , Zeman Florian , Herr Wolfgang , Holler Ernst , Edinger Matthias , Wolff Daniel
Published: June 2023

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment option for selected patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Yet, the influence of total body irradiation (TBI)-based conditioning as compared to non-TBI-based conditioning on long-term mortality is unclear. We retrospectively evaluated outcomes after TBI-based (n = 91) and non-TBI-based conditioning (melphalan-based, n = 248) for 1st allo-HSCT patients transplanted at the University Hospital Regensburg between 1999 and 2020. TBI was performed with an average dose rate of 4 cGy/min. Median follow-up was 8.3 years (interquartile range, 4.8–12.9 years). Cumulative incidence rates of 5-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) were 17% (95% confidence interval, CI, 10–25) and 33% (95% CI, 27–40) after TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning (P < 0.001). Five-year cumulative incidences of relapse (CIR) were 42% (95% CI, 32–52) and 29% (95% CI, 23–35) after TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning (P = 0.030). The 5-year OS was 54% (95% CI, 43–64) and 55% (95% CI, 48–62) after TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning. Both groups had similar 100-day acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD, 43% vs. 40%) and 5-year chronic GVHD (34% vs. 36%). The multivariable regression models found no associations of TBI with the outcomes NRM, CIR, PFS, OS, aGVHD, and cGVHD. TBI was no risk factor for NRM, even including mortality caused by secondary malignancies. NRM was influenced by patient age, advanced disease status, and the use of female donors for male recipients. TBI- and non-TBI-based conditioning appear to be equally effective and tolerable for AML patients eligible for 1st allo-HSCT.
Apparent diffusion coefficient correlates with different histopathological features in several intrahepatic tumors
Authors: Surov Alexey , Eger Kai Ina , Potratz Johann , Gottschling Sebastian , Wienke Andreas , Jechorek Dörthe
Published: June 2023

Objectives

To investigate associations between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cell count, Ki 67, tumor-stroma ratio (TSR), and tumoral lymphocytes in different hepatic malignancies.

Methods

We identified 149 cases with performed liver biopsies: hepatocellular cancer (HCC, n = 53), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC, n = 29), metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC, n = 24), metastases of breast cancer (BC, n = 28), and metastases of pancreatic cancer (PC, n = 15). MRI was performed on a 1.5-T scanner with an axial echo-planar sequence. MRI was done before biopsy. Biopsy images of target lesions were selected. The cylindrical region of interest was placed on the ADC map of target lesions in accordance with the needle position on the biopsy images. Mean ADC values were estimated. TSR, cell counts, proliferation index Ki 67, and number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were estimated. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated.

Results

Inter-reader agreement was excellent regarding the ADC measurements. In HCC, ADC correlated with cell count (r =  − 0.68, p < 0.001) and with TSR (r = 0.31, p = 0.024). In iCC, ADC correlated with TSR (r = 0.60, p < 0.001) and with cell count (r =  − 0.54, p = 0.002). In CRC metastases, ADC correlated with cell count (r =  − 0.54 p = 0.006) and with Ki 67 (r =  − 0.46, p = 0.024). In BC liver metastases, ADC correlated with TSR (r = 0.55, p < 0.002) and with Ki 67 (r =  − 0.51, p = 0.006). In PC metastases, no significant correlations were found.

Conclusions

ADC correlated with tumor cellularity in HCC, iCC, and CRC liver metastases. ADC reflects TSR in BC liver metastases, HCC, and iCC. ADC cannot reflect intratumoral lymphocytes.

Clinical relevance statement

The present study shows that the apparent diffusion coefficient can be used as a surrogate imaging marker for different histopathological features in several malignant hepatic lesions.

Key Points

• ADC reflects different histopathological features in several hepatic tumors.

• ADC correlates with tumor cellularity in HCC, iCC, and CRC metastases.

• ADC strongly correlates with tumor-stroma ratio in BC metastases and iCC.
Transcriptomic profiling of Parkinson's disease brains reveals disease stage specific gene expression changes
Authors: Cappelletti Chiara , Henriksen Sandra Pilar , Geut Hanneke , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , van de Berg Wilma D. J. , Pihlstrøm Lasse , Toft Mathias
Published: June 2023

Parkinson´s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Aggravation of symptoms is mirrored by accumulation of protein aggregates mainly composed by alpha-synuclein in different brain regions, called Lewy bodies (LB). Previous studies have identified several molecular mechanisms as autophagy and inflammation playing a role in PD pathogenesis. Increased insights into mechanisms involved in early disease stages and driving the progression of the LB pathology are required for the development of disease-modifying strategies. Here, we aimed to elucidate disease stage-specific transcriptomic changes in brain tissue of well-characterized PD and control donors. We collected frontal cortex samples from 84 donors and sequenced both the coding and non-coding RNAs. We categorized our samples into groups based on their degree of LB pathology aiming to recapitulate a central aspect of disease progression. Using an analytical pipeline that corrected for sex, age at death, RNA quality, cell composition and unknown sources of variation, we found major disease stage-specific transcriptomic changes. Gene expression changes were most pronounced in donors at the disease stage when microscopic LB changes first occur in the sampled brain region. Additionally, we identified disease stage-specific enrichment of brain specific pathways and immune mechanisms. On the contrary, we showed that mitochondrial mechanisms are enriched throughout the disease course. Our data-driven approach also suggests a role for several poorly characterized lncRNAs in disease development and progression of PD. Finally, by combining genetic and epigenetic information, we highlighted two genes (MAP4K4 and PHYHIP) as candidate genes for future functional studies. Together our results indicate that transcriptomic dysregulation and associated functional changes are highly disease stage-specific, which has major implications for the study of neurodegenerative disorders.
Casting histone variants during mammalian reproduction
Authors: Karam Germaine , Molaro Antoine
Published: June 2023

During mammalian reproduction, germ cell chromatin packaging is key to prepare parental genomes for fertilization and to initiate embryonic development. While chromatin modifications such as DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications are well known to carry regulatory information, histone variants have received less attention in this context. Histone variants alter the stability, structure and function of nucleosomes and, as such, contribute to chromatin organization in germ cells. Here, we review histone variants expression dynamics during the production of male and female germ cells, and what is currently known about their parent-of-origin effects during reproduction. Finally, we discuss the apparent conundrum behind these important functions and their recent evolutionary diversification.