bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFFICULTIES AMONG SECONDARY STUDENTS OF SMP MUHAMMADIYAH PLUS BATAM ON LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Zaki Leil Badrah
Published: June 2024

This study investigates students’ difficulties in listening comprehension while doing the listening test and learning the skill in the class. The research aimed to find out the difficulties that student faced in listening test and the problems when learned listening skill. The research used the Brownell method that provided a framework of listening skills that consist of 6 components, that is hearing, understanding, remembering, interpreting, evaluating, and responding. The subject of the study is junior high school students of SMP Muhammadiyah Plus Batam. This research used mix-method research that questionnaire and interview used as the instrument. The students took from all grades 9 in that school. 102 students will fill out the question in the questionnaire and 8 of 102 students will be chosen to have an interview. The result showed that the difficulties encountered by the students on listening comprehension are related to the listener, speaker, and external factor. Besides that, their learning process in the class also affect their improvement and understanding in listening. Students shame in the class and the method and media used in the learning process. In listening material, long spoken text is the most difficult with 46.83% agree. The factor related the listener, showed 53.95% agree that pronunciation is difficult. Besides that, accent has the highest percentage with 52.90% and for the listening comprehension in learning process, 41.18% students have a bad habits like cheating.
REVEALING RIDDLER'S IDEOLOGY IN THE BATMAN MOVIE: A TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS
Authors: Ansyah Herdi
Published: June 2024

This study aims to describe the transitivity system in the text. The transitivity system is used to explain ideational metafunctions in the theory of Systemic Functional Linguistics proposed by Halliday (2014). The analysis in this study focuses on Riddler's utterances in the film The Batman in 2022. This study analyzes the processes and participants contained in the clauses in these utterances. Then, the results of these findings will be linked with power hierarchy theory to reveal Riddler's Ideology. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to show the analysis results. This research data is obtained from the transitivity process from Riddler utterances, which consists of the process and participants. The results show that Riddler used all kind of transitivity process. He used mostly material, relational, and followed by other processes. By using the transitivity process, Riddler can decide which character has more power through participant in the process. He used it on himself and his friend such as Batman and his follower more frequently than the government or higher up he discussed or talked to. Therefore, it can be concluded the ideologies that Riddler inherits is anarchist which influenced by narcissism.
INTERACTIVE PATHWAYS: EXPLORING STUDENTS’ ACCEPTANCE OF USING NEARPOD FOR ENGLISH GRAMMAR PROFICIENCY
Authors: Sholikhah Nur Mafissamawati , Ningsih Fitria
Published: June 2024

Lately, technology-enhanced learning tools, such as Nearpod, demonstrate the efficacy of integrating learning, particularly in an English grammar class. This study aims to investigate students' reactions to technology used for teaching grammar, precisely the acceptance of using Nearpod for grammar class. This study employed a mixed-method design with questionnaire and in-depth interview. The questionnaire used in this study was based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in a Likert scale. Thirty-eight undergraduate students were selected purposefully from Informatics Engineering Department who enrolled in Grammar class. The findings revealed a highly positive perception of Nearpod's utility for grammar instruction, confirming on students’ acceptance and highlighting its benefits for enhancing language skills, especially in grammar. Students agreed that Nearpod was beneficial to help understand and practice the language. The findings demonstrate that Nearpod is an effective tool for enhancing grammar instruction and suggest its implications for language educators and curriculum designers. This study contributes to our understanding of the role of technology in fostering integrative learning in grammar classes and highlights the need for further research in this area.
Unraveling Implicature in Racial Humor Stand-Up Comedy on YouTube
Authors: Sabila Pasha
Published: June 2024

Humor is a form of communication with the intention to implicitly express meaning by exposing a sense of comedy. The primary focus of this thesis is to investigate implicatures in stand-up comedy, which are then categorized according to the type of humor and to observe how stereotype racial issue depicted through implicatures in stand-up comedy. This thesis examines the implicatures found in stand-up comedy with the underlying topic of racial humor on YouTube. This thesis is a qualitative research using documentation techniques and data cards as a research instrument. It utilizes Yule's implicature theory and David Hector Monro’s Theories of Humor. This thesis is limited to only 4 comedians with different backgrounds; Maz Jobrani, Hasan Minhaj, Jimmy O. Yang, and Gabriel Iglesias. The study found three categories of humor: superiority, incongruity and release. Incongruity is a major finding because it aligns with the characteristics of stand-up comedy which is to express genuinely miserable concepts while combining them with humor. This thesis discovered that the comedian's punchline indicated the existence of stereotypes regarding specific racial groups. The racial stereotype humor found is dominated by the Middle East, such as Iran, Arabia, and Indian. In addition, another finding in this thesis is the construction of Chinese identity. It can be inferred from the findings that humor belongs for particular occasions. People can use humor to express implicit meaning and to define their identity.
Female Masculinity in Jungle Cruise Film (2021)
Authors: Simanjuntak Juni Artika
Published: June 2024

This research aims to find out the characterization of the main female character and how the character represents female masculinity in the film Jungle Cruise. Researcher analyzed the film through the masculinity theory approach by Peter Lehman and female masculinity by Judith Halberstam. Researcher used qualitative method with descriptive analysis to find findings in the research. The data used is dialogue text and photo scene footage in the Jungle Cruise film. In the characterization analysis, it was found that Dr. Lily has the characteristics of being smart, clever, kind, caring and ambitious. The value of masculinity in Dr. Lily is characterized by the elements of power, courage, heroism, and leadership. In line with Judith Halberstam's theory of female masculinity (1998), which says that female masculinity refers to a woman's body that displays masculine performatives which can be seen from the way she behaves and her physical appearance.
Stigmatization of Muslim in Karim Miské’s Arab Jazz: an Orientalism Study
Authors: Hidayah Lutfi Nur , Djohar Hasnul Insani
Published: June 2024

Although Islam is the second largest religion in France, it is still a minority compared to the overall population. As in other Western countries, Muslims who are in the minority find it difficult to adapt to their surroundings. Apart from the significant cultural differences, mistreatment by the local population, such as isolation and neglect, is also a contributing factor. Muslims have long been the subject of ridicule and victims of the bad stigma of Western society, various slanders are directed at Muslim minorities there with the assumption that Muslim minorities in the West are very easy to be used as scapegoats for all the actions they have committed. Of the many previous studies that discuss how Muslim minorities struggle to survive in an environment that often discriminates against them because of differences in culture and appearance, researchers rarely or almost do not find research that discusses how Muslim minorities survive being scapegoated by Westerners in murder cases in the area where they live there. The researchers here want to focus on how Muslims face various discriminations, especially being scapegoated by Westerners in Karim Miské's Arab Jazz. By using a qualitative approach, the researchers collected and analyze the data using Said’s orientalism theory as the main theory, Goffman’s stigma theory and Bhabha’s mimicry as the supporting theory to classify the stigma and explain the resistance towards the Muslim stigmatization.
Korelasi MgO dan SiO2 Terhadap Kadar Ni dan Fe Pada Endapan Nikel Laterit di PT MKAL
Authors: F Firdaus , Thamsi Alam Budiman , Badduwahe Harianto
Published: June 2024

Nikel laterit merupakan salah satu tipe endapan nikel yang ada di dunia selain nikel sulfida. Lokasi penelitian terletak di Desa Ungkaya, Kecamatan Witaponda, Kabupaten Morowali, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis korelasi MgO dan SiO2 terhadap kadar Ni dan Fe pada zona limonit dan saprolit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mengelompokkan data berdasarkan titik lokasi. Setelah masuk ke dalam Microsoft Excel kemudian diolah untuk mendapatkan hasil berupa data kadar MgO, SiO2, Ni dan Fe dari zona limonit hingga saprolit. Kemudian dilakukan analisis korelasi antara kadar MgO, SiO2, Ni dan Fe menggunakan grafik, dengan menggunakan software Microsoft Excel. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah korelasi terbalik antara MgO dan Ni. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kandungan MgO maka kandungan Ni semakin rendah begitu pula sebaliknya. Hubungan kandungan SiO2 dengan Ni menunjukkan bahwa bijih nikel terkonsentrasi oleh SiO2. Dimana terlihat bahwa kandungan Ni menurun saat mendekati batuan ultrabasa sedangkan unsur SiO2 meningkat. Korelasi antara MgO dan Fe berbanding terbalik. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar MgO maka kandungan Fe semakin rendah begitu pula sebaliknya. Hubungan SiO2 dengan Fe dimana terlihat bahwa kandungan Fe menurun ketika mendekati batuan ultrabasa sedangkan unsur SiO2 meningkat.
Increasing Learning Results with Interactive Digital Materials PjBL Assisted by Heyzine Flipbook Maker
Authors: Muhaimin Muhaimin , Leny Leny , Almubarak Almubarak
Published: June 2024

The internet has not been optimally utilized to support student learning, especially chemistry. Therefore, a research study was conducted to develop interactive digital teaching materials as an interactive e-module supported by the Heyzine application on colloids. This study aimed to develop teaching materials that possess (a) validity, (b) practicality, and (c) effectiveness. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach with a 4D development model (Define, Design, Develop, & Disseminate). The developed e-module was tested on grade XI MIPA 2 students at SMA Negeri 10 Banjarmasin during the 2022/2023 academic year. The testing was conducted individually, in small groups, and a limited manner. Data was collected using questionnaires for validation, readability, response, and test assessment. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the developed e-module met the validity, practicality, and effectiveness criteria. The validity test results indicated a high level of validity, with an average score of 95.64%. The e-module was also found to be practical based on the readability test, student and teacher response questionnaires, and the observation of teacher's abilities and implementation of learning. The practicality test scores indicated good to excellent quality. Furthermore, the limited testing demonstrated the effectiveness of the e-module in achieving learning objectives, as indicated by a high average n-gain score of 0.74. Overall, the developed e-module was able to enhance students' knowledge and learning outcomes in the field of colloids.
Application of The TaRL Approach to Improve Science Learning Outcomes Students on Ecosystem Materials
Authors: Hidayati Hidayati , Sugianoor Sugianoor
Published: June 2024

This classroom action research aims to improve student learning outcomes by applying the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) concept to the ecosystem concept. TaRL is an approach to learning that aims to ensure that students understand the subject matter being taught. It focuses on identifying students' levels of understanding and aligning them with the appropriate level of learning. The research method uses descriptive language with two cycles. Data analysis techniques use qualitative and quantitative analysis. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were 40 class XD students at SMAN 7 Banjarmasin for the 2022–2023 academic year. The learning process in TaRL groups students into three categories, namely students with intermediate, above, and below-average levels. Material and problems are given according to their level of learning, but still with the same learning objectives and outcomes. Student learning outcomes in learning activities increased from pre-cycle, showing a classical completeness of 32.5%; cycle I showed a classical completeness of 62.5%; and cycle II had reached the success indicator with a classical completeness of 87.5%. Research using the TaRL approach has improved the science learning outcomes of class XD students at SMA Negeri 7 Banjarmasin.
A Comparative Study of The Effect of Motivating Teachers on Independent Learning Curriculum Implementation on Learning Outcomes of Students
Authors: Zulkarnain Akhmad , Hafizah Ellyna , Irhasyuarna Yudha
Published: June 2024

This research aims to (1) Determine whether the learning outcomes of students with motivating teachers are better than those without motivating teachers in junior high schools; (2) Identify the factors that play a role in influencing the learning outcomes of students by motivating and non-motivating teachers. The study involved 37 students from State Junior High School 9 Banjarmasin with motivating teachers and 33 students from State Junior High School 1 Banjarmasin with non-motivating teachers. The results showed (1) The average learning outcomes of students with motivating teachers were 64.59, while the average learning outcomes of students with non-motivating teachers were 78.65. A significant difference was based on the Independent-Samples T-Test One-Tailed with a P-value of 0.000 < 0.05. The research findings indicate that the learning outcomes of students with motivating teachers are not better than those of students with non-motivating teachers; (2) Factors influencing the learning outcomes of students by motivating and non-motivating teachers include the school principal, colleagues, facilities, and infrastructure, learning motivation, teacher's abilities, teacher's leadership, work experience, and the working environment.
Interdependence of Science and Social Context Through Lens of Banjar Culture Activities (Batimung): Convergent Model
Authors: Almubarak Almubarak , Sriyati Siti , Liliawati Winny
Published: June 2024

The integration of culture into science education serves as a bridge of knowledge, ensuring that students develop a comprehensive understanding of the scientific and social context and possess literacy as potential educators. The research objectives are to determine the following: 1) the topics that students are most interested in discussing in the context of "diversity," 2) the perspective of students on cultural integration in science learning, and 3) the interdependence of the context of science and the Batimung culture that is characteristic of South Kalimantan. The research methodology relies on a mixed-method with convergent model. Students in the 2020-2023 class of chemistry education comprised the sample. The data collection techniques comprise interviews, questionnaires, and literature reviews. According to the results, the scientific and social contexts are interconnected. The quantitative technique employed is a questionnaire that encompasses diversity aspects comprising a variety of topics. The results indicate that 1) the most desired subject matter for discussion is "the impact of the environment on an individual," with a 59% response rate; 2) cultural integration in science education is a critical endeavour; and 3) the Batimung culture demonstrates that the context of science and social (culture) are not only related but also mutually influential. The conclusion is that the context of science and social, particularly cultural aspects can be the most recent presentation in the teaching and profound interpretation of science through a cultural lens.
Implementation of the WASAKA Learning Model on the Topic of Heat and Temperature
Authors: Fitriah Lutfiyanti , Ilahi Ana Widya , Masniah Masniah , Arif Muhammad Akhsan , Yahya Fahmi
Published: June 2024

This research aims to delineate the implementation of the WASAKA learning model and describe students' responses to this learning model through a one-to-one test. This study employed the Educational Design Research (EDR) methodology, encompassing two stages: the preliminary stage and the formative evaluation stage. Ten students participated in a one-to-one test during a single meeting, focusing on learning heat and temperature topics in the Fundamental Physics lecture. Research instruments included observation sheets and response questionnaires, with data analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the data analysis revealed an average score of 5.00 for implementing the WASAKA learning model, categorizing it as "very good." Additionally, students' responses to this learning model were highly positive. The conclusion drawn from this research is that the WASAKA learning model is well-suited for application in Fundamental Physics lectures covering heat and temperature topics.
Reflection of Pre-Service Physics Teacher on The Implementation of The New Indonesia Curriculum
Authors: Irawan Muhammad Rezki , Ramadhan Bibin Sentana Bintang , Subagiyo Lambang , Sulaeman Nurul Fitriyah
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explore the pre-service of physics teachers in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum in the Samarinda region. The Curriculum Merdeka is a learning approach that gives teachers freedom in choosing methods and approaches that use a descriptive method to collect data from prospective physics teachers in Samarinda. The results indicated that most pre-service physics teachers were ready to implement the Merdeka curriculum (76.13%) and acknowledged its effectiveness (73.40%), but some still faced difficulties (64.40%) due to limited direct implementation experience. The study employed a qualitative research approach with a descriptive analysis, used questionnaires as data collection instruments, and employed data analysis techniques such as transcribing, coding, and inference or verification for those who had difficulty implementing the Merdeka Curriculum. This is because pre-service physics teachers have not directly implemented the Merdeka Curriculum. These results indicate that socialization and training on the Merdeka Curriculum alone are not enough; a consistent support program is needed, as are in-depth courses on the Merdeka curriculum as well as apprenticeship programs in schools that implement the Merdeka curriculum for prospective teachers.
The Effectiveness of Using Cells at Work Anime Media on Students' Learning Outcomes in the Material of Cells in Blood Circulation and Immunity
Authors: Alfina Peniyanti Laila , Sauqina Sauqina , Istyadji Maya
Published: June 2024

AbstractIndonesian society can easily access information and media through the internet. One of the animation video media easily accessible to all segments of Indonesian society is Japanese Animation, known as Anime. Anime has various interesting stories, one of which is Hataraku Saibou, which tells the activities of cells in the human body in the form of a narrative. This raises the question of whether anime with themes depicting the lives of working cell characters in the body can be used as a learning media for students to understand the explanation of cell activities in the body in a narrative form in the anime. Research has been conducted on the Hataraku Saibou Anime among the general public. It is said that this anime effectively increases public understanding of the human body system. However, there has been no study on the effectiveness of this anime when used in the learning process for students. Therefore, a study was conducted on Hataraku Saibou Anime, with the research objective of determining the effectiveness of the animation media of Hataraku Saibou anime. The research method used a Non-equivalent Control Group Design, an experimental class research with the treatment of watching Hataraku Saibou anime, and the control class with PowerPoint learning selected under certain conditions. Data was collected using pre-test and post-test question evaluation with validated RPP Instruments. The research results, analyzed by comparing the improvement of experimental and control class scores, were calculated using hypothesis testing with SPSS 21. It was found that using the t-test, the value obtained was 2.087 with a significance of 0.000. The critical value (t-crit) is 1.986. So it can be concluded that t-value is greater than t-crit (2.087 > 1.986). From this result, it can be concluded that the animation media of Hataraku Saibou anime is effective in the material of cells in the bloodstream and immune system.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Larutan Bawang Putih (Allium sativum) Terhadap Intensitas Serangan Hama Daun Pada Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L)
Authors: Ramadhani Eza Galang , Rosa Helda Orbani , Pramudi Muhammad Indar
Published: June 2024

Tanaman  pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) merupakan tanaman yang bisa ditanam pada dataran rendah atau tinggi. Namun cocok ditanam pada daerah dengan ketinggian 100-500 m diatas permukaan laut. Pestisida nabati larutan bawang putih (Allium  sativum) dapat menjadi alternatif dalam menekan hama daun pada tanaman pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi larutan bawang putih  pada perlakuan C (15%) dan D (20%) efektif dalam menekan serangan hama daun pada tanaman pakcoy sebesar 19,25% dan 19,50%.
Pengaruh Kemasan Simpan Beras yang diberi Serbuk Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) Terhadap Serangan Kutu Beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.)
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Fitriyanti Dewi , Rosa Helda Orbani
Published: June 2024

South Kalimantan BPS data (2022) shows that there has been a decline in rice production of 79.28 thousand tons (11.65%) so it is necessary to have rice suppliers from outside South Kalimantan to meet the rice demand target. Sitophilus oryzae is the main pest during the shelf life of rice. Controlling rice aphids can be done in various ways, including using appropriate storage media and applying vegetable pesticides to plants that are believed to be able to control them, one of which is basil. This research uses the factorial RAL method with 2 factors, namely packaging (W) and dose (D). The doses given are 0g, 10g, 14g, 18g. The packaging used is in the form of plastic containers and plastic sacks. Obtained 8 combinations, each repeated 3 times. So a total of 24 experimental units. The results of statistical analysis show that the combination of 18g of basil leaf powder in plastic packaging is the best treatment in suppressing the S. oryzae population with a mortality rate of 60%. During 30 days of observation, no new population growth was found and showed the lowest level of rice damage of 1.0% compared to other treatments.
Efektivitas Tanaman Bintaro (Cerbera manghas) dalam Menekan Serangan Penyakit Moler pada Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) di Lahan Gambut
Authors: Dayatullah Dayatullah , Salamiah Salamiah , Aidawati Noor
Published: June 2024

Bawang merah yang sejak lama dibudidayakan secara intensif oleh petani dan merupakan bagian dari kategori Bumbu Nonsubstitusi yang digunakan untuk penyedap rasa bahan makanan maupun obat tradisional Ini adalah salah satu komoditas sayuran utama. Dalam proses produksinya ditemukan berbagai gangguan, diantaranya yaitu serangan patogen penyebab penyakit moler. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji efektivitas larutan tanaman bintaro dalam menurunkan intensitas serangan penyakit Moler pada tanaman bawang merah di lahan gambut. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Fitopatologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarbaru dan di Desa Tegal Arum, Kecamatan Landasan Ulin, Kota Banjarbaru, Kalimantan Selatan, pada bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2022.Rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Perlakuan yang diuji yaitu aplikasi buah bintaro tua, buah bintaro muda, daun bintaro ditambah 1 perlakuan kontrol. Aplikasi pestisida nabati dilakukan dengan mengocorkan larutan ke permukaan tanah tiap-tiap tanaman bawang merah sebanyak 5 ml per tanaman yang dilakukan sebanyak 7 kali dengan interval pemberian selama 1 minggu. Parameter yang diamati adalah intensitas serangan penyakit moler, jumlah umbi, berat basah umbi dan diameter umbi bawang merah. Hasil dari penelitian telah menunnjukkan bahwa masa inkubasi patogen penyebab penyakit moler adalah 14 hari. Aplikasi larutan tanaman bintaro tidak mampu menekan kejadian penyakit moler  bawang merah di lahan gambut dan tidak mampu meningkatkan jumlah umbi bawang merah, akan tetapi aplikasi buah bintaro tua, mampu meningkatkan bobot basah umbi sebesar 41kg/ha dan diameter umbi sebesar 2%.
Curriculum Development Based on Workplace-Oriented Learning to Improve The Competence of Prospective Early Childhood Education Teachers
Authors: Halimah Leli , Mirawati Mirawati , Silawati Endah , Hopiani Ayu
Published: June 2024

This study aims to develop a curriculum design based on Workplace-Oriented Learning (WOL) to improve the professional competence of prospective Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers. The Educational Design Research (EDR) approach was used in the development of this design, through problem identification, curriculum planning, prototype development, and design evaluation. Through needs analysis and careful planning, this curriculum integrates theory with practice in the field. The results showed that the WOL curriculum was designed according to the current needs in the field. Based on the existing needs, the curriculum design is divided into several stages, including career awareness, career exploration, career preparation, and career training, which allow students to understand the tasks and skills needed in the world of work. With collaboration between educational institutions and industry, this curriculum bridges the gap between theory and practice, preparing students to become PAUD teachers who are ready to face the dynamic demands of early childhood education. Thus, the development of WOL-based curriculum design is expected to make a significant contribution to improving the quality of education and learning in early childhood.
Ethnoscience Study for Science Education Through The Process of Making Sopi Timor from Gewang Sap (Corypha utan Lamk.)
Authors: Nabuasa Desi Aryanti , Sriyati Siti , Liliawati Winny
Published: June 2024

The Gewang plant (Corypha utan Lamk) is an endemic plant that grows in the dominant vegetation of Timor Tengah Selatan (South Central Timor Regency). Nira is obtained from the gewang tree (Corypha utan Lamk) by inserting the what flower stems and then stored in a container for further fermentation with a mixture of red oak (Saccharum officinarum Linn), the hanging roots of the chickpeas (Ficus benjamina), the stems of the schleichera (Schleichera oleosa), the stem of the beetle (Ziziphus mauritiana L.), and the forest stems. (Piper aduncum L.). This study aims to study and describe the process of making sopi timor and analyze the scientific concepts that exist in the process. Based on the results of the study of the production of this sopi timor, public knowledge of fermentation and separation of solutions can be used as one of the materials to teach science content in the classroom with a local cultural approach. In the relationship between ESD and a Merdeka curriculum, there is a similar pattern of teachers taking a role in studying science in a contextual way that can be sourced from local cultures. It is intended for students to engage in meaningful learning processes because the context of their learning is related to their daily lives. The results of this research can be used as recommendations in context-based chemistry, biology, and physics learning in accordance with the culture in the South Central Timor Regency.
ZnO/fly ash catalyst for producing biodiesel from kapok seed (Ceiba pentranda) oil
Authors: Novantri Decky Achmad , Innarta Yahya Dwi Adhitya , Somawiharja Yohaness , Chern Jiang-Min , Asri Nyoman Puspa
Published: June 2024

The quantity of fossil fuels has decreased every year due to increasing energy consumption, thereby requiring alternative renewable energy sources such as biodiesel from kapok seeds. Basically, making biodiesel needs a catalyst. Catalysts are classified into two types based on their phase: homogeneous and heterogeneous. This research employed a ZnO heterogeneous catalyst with fly ash support. It investigated the optimal mole ratio of catalyst and kapok seed oil as well as the optimal catalyst dose to produce the best biodiesel yield. The methodology in this study consisted of ZnO preparation, fly ash preparation, ZnO/fly ash catalyst synthesis, and biodiesel production by the transesterification reaction process. The research variables included the dose of catalyst (wt% oil) of 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 and the mole ratios of oil to methanol of 1:9, 1:12, 1:15, 1:18, and 1:21. The results of this study indicated that the best catalyst dose was 5% with a biodiesel yield of 58%. Meanwhile, the variable molar ratio of oil to methanol got the highest yield of 65% at 1:8. Therefore, a zinc oxide catalyst with fly ash as support had great potential to produce biodiesel from kapok seed oil.Keywords: Biodiesel; Kapok Seed Oil; ZnO; Fly ash; Yield
Catalytic co-pyrolysis of coal and polypropylene plastic into liquid fuel
Authors: Sunarno Sunarno , Reni Yenti Silvia , Mutamima Anisa , Huwaidah Husna Fathiyah , Rahmat Wicakso Doni , Isnaini Muhammad Dody
Published: June 2024

The decline in fossil fuel sources has stimulated research in the field of renewable fuels. Efforts are currently being made to find alternative energy sources that have high efficiency and are environmentally friendly. By looking at the existing problems, research on the co-pyrolysis of coal and polypropylene (PP) plastic into liquid fuel is interesting to do. The co-pyrolysis process was carried out at 400oC and nitrogen gas was flowed with a flow rate of 100 mL/min for 60 minutes with various ratio of raw material coal/PP plastic (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75), and ratio of CaO catalyst/raw material (0%, 10%, 15%, 20% w/w). The results showed that with the reduction in the ratio of coal/plastic, the yield of liquid fuel increased. Co-pyrolysis of coal: PP plastic with a ratio of 25:75 with the addition of 20% CaO catalyst obtained 37.56% liquid fuel yield with the characteristics of density of 0.839 g/mL, viscosity of 2.51 cSt, calorific value of 46.813 MJ/kg and pH of 2.9.
Chemical and physical activation of natural pyrite as potential inorganic pigment material
Authors: Iqbal Rendy Muhamad , Simarmata Sari Namarito , Sinaga Tiara Cristy , Simanjutak Elfrida Roulina , Putra Riandy , Khaerudini Deni Shidqi
Published: June 2024

Pyrite is one of the minerals in Borneo Island. It has a disadvantage for soil quality due to its acidity properties. One of the main components of pyrite is iron, which promises to be utilized as an inorganic pigment. This research aims to transform pyrite into red-brown pigment material-based iron oxide. Pyrite mineral transformation through chemical and physical activation, followed by pigment characterization using XRF, XRD, FTIR, and FE-SEM. Based on the XRF result, the highest component is Fe, with a percentage up to 42%. This data is also suitable with an iron oxide phase from the diffractogram of pigment, followed by silica and alumina structure. The heating process successfully changed the color materials from gold to red-brown. Then, the molecular vibration of Fe–O also appears on FTIR spectra at a wavenumber of 483 cm-1 and T–O–T bending at 994 cm-1. Moreover, morphological observation exhibits the aggregation of particles and distribution of iron element spread on the overall area pigment. The color transformation into red-brown pigment can be obtained by pyrite processing into potential inorganic pigment material.
Manufacturing the activated carbon catalyst of impregnated palm core shells for biodiesel production
Authors: Rifki Ahmad , Zamhari Mustain , Purnamasari Indah
Published: June 2024

This research aims to produce activated carbon-based heterogeneous catalyst derived from palm kernel shells impregnated with a KOH solution and to determine the effects of the concentration of the KOH solution and the time period during impregnation. The variables observed included KOH concentration and impregnation time. The impregnation process used KOH solution with the solution concentrations of 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N and 5N with impregnation process within 18 hours, 21 hours and 24 hours. AAS, FTIR and SEM were analyzed after impregnation with different concentrations and times. The results of the analysis of potassium metal showed the highest absorption occurred at a concentration of 5N within 21 hours at 25.4570%. The application of the activated carbon catalyst from palm kernel shells was conducted in making biodiesel. The process of making biodiesel was carried out with a reaction time of 120 minutes at a temperature of 60℃ with a molar ratio of 1: 12 using a catalyst of 2% (% w/w). Biodiesel yield testing referred to SNI 04-7182-2015. The analysis results obtained showed 879 kg/m3 density, 6.1 cst viscosity, 0.5 acid number, and 174℃ flash point.
Characteristics of PB 260 clone rubber coagulated with natural coagulants: type of Averrhoa
Authors: Achmad Feerzet , Deviany Deviany , Yuniarti Reni , Fikrah Faizatul , Az-Zahra Syifa , Qarimah Akhlatul , Marlina Titi , Tambunan Yonathan Marasi , Rahmadini Gustia , Damayanti Damayanti , Suhartono Suhartono , Suharto Suharto
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research was to determine the properties of the PB 260 clone rubber using the Averrhoa type coagulant. The natural coagulants used in this study were Averrhoa bilimbi and Averrhoa carambola. The latex used was 150 ml of PB 260 clone rubber with a concentration of 100% natural coagulant of 75 ml and 2% formic acid. The rubber properties that were tested were Po, PRI, DRC, ash content, dirt content, volatile matter content and Mooney viscosity. This research also uses a special treatment in the form of centrifugation speed. The higher the centrifugation speed, the higher the pH value of the natural coagulant and the lower the H+ ion value, which accelerates the coagulation time of the latex. In natural coagulant extract, the highest values of Po, PRI, DRC, ash content, dirt content and Mooney viscosity were obtained at 0 rpm for Averrhoa bilimbi extract with values of 40%, 94.17%, 32.83%, 0, 32%, 0.038% and 77 MU. Meanwhile, in the test for volatile matter content, the highest value was found in Averrhoa carambola at 5000 rpm with a value of 0.23%.
KOMPARASI KONSENTRASI HIDROGEN SENSOR MQ-2 TERHADAP LUAS DAN WARNA NYALA API HASIL ELEKTROLISIS AIR
Authors: Mbulu Bernardus Crisanto Putra , Danang Murdiyanto  , Anggara Mietra
Published: June 2024

Hidrogen merupakan bahan bakar yang banyak dikembangkan saat ini, sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil yang semakin menipis. Salah satu cara untuk memproduksi bahan bakar hidrogen, dapat dilakukan melalui metode elektrolisis menggunakan generator HHO dengan bahan dasar air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapa besar produksi hidrogen dari setiap larutan elektrolit, yang dikomparasi dengan luas dan warna api yang dihasilkan. Perbandingan setiap larutan elektrolit berasal dari perbandingan mol zat terlarut dan zat pelarut () yaitu 1:12, dengan zat terlarut yang digunakan adalah NaCl,  dan . Konsentrasi gas hidrogen yang dihasilkan dideteksi menggunakan sensor MQ-2, sedangkan luas dan warna api didapatkan melalui hasil video pembakaran berdurasi 20 menit yang dijadikan 100 frame foto pada setiap larutan elektrolit. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan rerata produksi hidrogen untuk zat terlarut NaCl sebesar 891,0 ppm dan luas nyala api 12,64 mm2 tanpa warna biru, zat terlarut  sebesar 917,33 ppm luas nyala api 16,46 mm2 dengan 40,52% warna biru, serta zat terlarut  sebesar 980,67 ppm luas nyala api 17,47 mm2 dengan 76,19% warna biru
ANALISIS PENGARUH METODE VACUUM BAG TERHADAP GEOMETRI SAYAP UAV SKYWALKER
Authors: Putra Ikbal Rizki , Setiawan Ferry , Sehono  , Prasetiyo Angger Bagus
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada manufaktur sayap komposit menggunakan proses vacuum bag. Metode vacuum bag digunakan karena dapat mengurangi waktu manufaktur serta meningkatkan kualitas hasil akhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan dalam mengetahui dampak metode vacuum bag terhadap geometri antara tahapan desain dan hasil akhir sayap UAV. Perbedaan geometri desain dan hasil akhir dihitungan dengan pengukuran. Pengaruh variasi ketebalan dan pembebanan diperkirakan dengan simulasi pemodelan dengan Software Fusion360. Geometri tahap desain dan hasil akhir tidak memiliki perubahan yang signifikan dengan perbedaan ketebalan 10%, panjang sayap 2,45%, dan lebar sayap 0,80%. disimpulkan bahwa penambahan ketebalan dan pembebanan berbanding lurus dengan bersarnya deformasi yang terjadi. Semakin besar nilai ketebalan dan pembebanan semakin besar deformasi yang terjadi.
ANALISA SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS KOMPOSIT HIBRID SERAT JUTE/KARBON YANG DIBUAT DENGAN METODE VACUUM INFUSION SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN HELM
Authors: Yudha Venditias , Ferriawan Yudhanto  , Joko Waluyo
Published: June 2024

Penerapan serat alam pada laminasi komposit hybrid dengan serat sintetis berpotensi menekan biaya produksi produk komposit. Serat jute telah mendapatkan minat karena sifatnya seperti biodegradabilitas, biaya rendah, dan kandungan selulosa yang tinggi. Penelitian ini menganalisa pengaruh perlakuan kimia pada serat rami anyam untuk menentukan pengaruhnya terhadap sifat mekaniknya. Perlakuan kimia dengan alkalisasi dan pemutihan dilakukan pada serat jute anyam sebelum pembuatan laminasi komposit hybrid. Sejumlah empat lapis yaitu menggunakan dua anyaman serat jute dan dua anyaman serat karbon dibuat dengan metode vacuum infusion. Sifat fisis pada purifikasi serat jute dianlisa dengan transformasi Fourier transform infrared dan difraksi sinar-x. Uji tarik dan lentur dilakukan masing-masing sesuai dengan standar ASTM D638 dan D790. Komposit hybrid R-JKJK dan P-JKJK telah memenuhi kriteria untuk dapat digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif pembuatan helm.
SIMULASI UJI IMPACT PADA DESAIN VELG BERBAHAN ASTM A299 DENGAN DIAMETER 15 INCH DENGAN STANDARD UJI SAE J175
Authors: Dedi Sofyan  , Adhes Gamayel  , Zaenudin Mohamad
Published: June 2024

Velg mobil memiliki peranan penting dalam menopang beban dari kendaraan, sehingga velg diharuskan memiliki kekuatan dan desain yang mampu menahan beban kendaraan. Velg yang baik harus mampu menahan beban kendaraan juga benturan yang terjadi selama penggunaan. Benturan yang terjadi akan menimbulkan tegangan pada material velg. Besarnya tegangan dapat disimulasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak berbasis computer aided engineering (CAE). Penelitian mensimulasikan tumbukan pada uji impak dengan standar SAE 175, dengan impak 3200 Newton dan material velg menggunakan ASTM A299 yang memiliki modulus elastisitas sebesar 200 GPa dan yield strength sebesar 275 MPa. Desain velg memiliki perbedaan desain yang terletak pada jari-jarinya berbentuk V dengan besaran sudut V velg model 1 sebesar 22°, velg model 2 sebesar 50°, dan velg model 3 sebesar 90°. Hasil simulasi pada nilai tegangan dan regangan menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar nilai sudut V velg, maka semakin kecil nilai tegangan dan regangan yang dihasilkan akibat tumbukan yang dikenakan pada velg. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kemampuan yang lebih baik dari desain velg dengan nilai sudut V velg yang lebih besar untuk menyebarkan tegangan dan tidak terakumulasi pada suatu titik kritis.
RANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM MANAJEMEN ENERGI DAN AUDIT ENERGI BERBASIS ISO:50001 DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KALIMANTAN
Authors: Irwangsa Ditza Pasca , Windarta Jaka , Handoko Susatyo
Published: June 2024

Penggunaan energi listrik tanpa mengikuti standar, keselamatan, dan peraturan dapat menyebabkan inefisiensi dan krisis berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efisiensi, merancang strategi, dan menerapkan Sistem Manajemen Energi (SME) berbasis ISO 50001 di Universitas Islam Kalimantan. Metodenya melibatkan studi literatur, observasi, survey, dan data primer serta sekunder. Audit energi di tiga gedung kampus UNISKA menunjukkan intensitas konsumsi energi (IKE) sebesar 16,16 kWh/m2/bulan, yang tidak efisien menurut standar DEPDIKNAS 2012. Metode Gap-Analyst digunakan untuk menghitung selisih IKE aktual dan yang diinginkan menunjukan nilai selisih sebesar 4,52 kWh/m2. Dengan penghematan IKE sebesar 11,64 kWh/m2/bulan, total biaya yang dihemat adalah Rp. 81.839.250. Penghematan ini sebesar 27,93%. Manajemen UNISKA diharapkan menerapkan rekomendasi dan Sistem Manajemen Energi berbasis ISO 50001 untuk efisiensi energi.
RANCANG BANGUN MINI VACUUM CLEANER ROBOT DENGAN TRICYCLE DRIVE BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Taufik Ikhwan , Budiono Herru Santosa , Hilmy Fuad , Utomo Rochmad Eko Prasetyaning
Published: June 2024

Teknologi robot telah merambah berbagai sektor, tak terkecuali rumah tangga. Salah satu contoh inovasi robot untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga adalah robot penyedot debu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan sensor, sekaligus mengusung differential drive menggunakan platform tricycle, terdiri dari satu caster wheel dan dua differential wheel. Uji coba dilakukan di ruang berukuran 150 cm × 130 cm dengan rintangan seperti kursi berkaki empat, serpihan kerupuk, kulit kuaci, potongan kertas kecil, dan sejumput debu (terigu). Hasilnya, robot mampu bernavigasi dengan cukup lancar dan optimal walau hanya dengan menggunakan sebuah sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04. Meski demikian, tantangan yang lebih kompleks dalam rumah tangga, seperti terjebak di gulungan karpet, menangani sampah atau kotoran yang beraneka ragam, atau bergerak di ruang sempit, masih menjadi hal yang belum sepenuhnya diatasi oleh robot ini
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH ORGANIK RUMAH TANGGA UNTUK PRODUKSI BIO-OIL SEDERHANA
Authors: Septarini Shofwatunnida , Amni Ziadatul , Amnia Wajizatul
Published: June 2024

Bio-oil yang diperoleh disintesis dari sampah rumah tangga khususnya limbah sisa makanan dengan metode pirolisis. Produksi bio-oil ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi timbulan sampah rumah tangga di lokasi penelitian yang belum teratasi secara maksimal. Limbah organik sampah rumah tangga yang berupa sisa makanan selanjutnya disebut sebagai bahan baku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi jumlah timbulan sampah rumah tangga berupa limbah sisa makanan menggunakan metode pirolisis dan menghasilkan bio-oil. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yakni metode pirolisis sederhana dengan rentang suhu yakni 250, 300, dan 350 oC. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa tahapan dimulai dari tahap persiapan berupa survei lokasi penelitian serta survei jumlah timbulan sampah yang terdapat di lokasi penelitian. Selanjutnya sampah rumah tangga yang diperoleh diolah menjadi produk bio-oil dengan menggunakan metode pirolisis sederhana. Suhu operasi pirolisis mempengaruhi yield produk bio-oil yang dihasilkan, semakin tinggi suhu pirolisis maka semakin beragam produk bio-oil yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil karakteristik bio-oil mengandung lebih banyak senyawa methanol dengan persentase sebesar 64,48%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa bio-oil yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk pengganti bahan bakar.
Navigating Ambiguity: Critiques of Indonesia's Health Law and its Impact on Legal Redress for Medical Malpractice Victims
Authors: Amiati Mia , Halim Hamzah , Hassim Jady Zaidi
Published: June 2024

In Indonesia, the fundamental right to health is enshrined in the 1945 Constitution, affirming every person's entitlement to live a safe and prosperous life with access to health services. The 2023 Health Law focuses on six pillars, including health security, funding, human resources, technology, primary care, and referral services, aiming to alleviate financial burdens through progressive financing. Particularly significant is the procedural change in protecting health workers, notably medical personnel, through the implementation of restorative justice methods. This article critically examines the implications of the 2023 Health Law on victim redress, particularly concerning medical personnel protection and the application of restorative justice in life-threatening medical error cases. However, the provision regarding the handling of medical personnel facing criminal allegations and disciplinary sanctions raises concerns regarding clarity and implementation. Ambiguities surrounding key terms and the prioritization of restorative justice mechanisms without clear guidelines may result in delays and inconsistencies in the legal process. This study sheds light on the need for clarity and refinement in legal frameworks to ensure the protection of both medical personnel and patients while promoting accountability and justice within the healthcare system.
MAIN ASPECTS OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNICAL DESIGN OF BUILDINGS AND ISSUES OF LOGISTICS AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE BUREAU OF FORENSIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION AND PATHOLOGOANATOMICAL DEPARTMENTS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION OF SANITARY-HYGIENIC AND ANTI-EPIDEMIC MEASURES
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, VASILIEV DENIS E.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The review article discusses the issues of modern logistics in the production of forensic medical examinations from the infectious safety of personnel point of view. Forensic medical examination institutions are special types of health care institutions. Special requirements are imposed on the design of buildings and the logistics of such institutions. Aim. The purpose of the study is to analyze scientific information on the planning decisions of buildings for forensic purposes and the material and technical equipment of the forensic medical examination in terms of infectious safety of personnel. Material and methods. When preparing a literature review, the literature search method was used in the PubMed, eLibrary.ru, Google Scholar databases for the period 2005–2021. The analysis included literature reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical studies. Results and discussion. The studies present organizational and technological solutions for the design of buildings and the logistics of institutions of forensic medical examination. Attention is drawn to compliance with sanitary standards and requirements for premises, equipment in accordance with standards in order to create safe working conditions for forensic doctors, which ultimately allows to significantly improve the quality of forensic medical examination. Conclusion. Researchers have recognized that at present, the infectious safety of employees of forensic institutions is very important. The Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination and pathology departments need to be improved. This improvement should be based on modern building design and sanitary and hygienic logistical support, so building and improving the logistical capacity of these institutions is necessary and remains a major challenge to be addressed.