bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance of multihop detect‐and‐forward relaying system over fluctuating two‐ray fading channels
Authors: Dixit Dharmendra , Sahu P. R.
Published: May 2018

The performance of multihop detect‐and‐forward relaying system is analyzed over fluctuating two‐ray fading channels for 28 GHz millimeter wave communications. Exact closed‐form expressions for outage probability and average symbol error rate of various modulation schemes over nonidentically distributed fluctuating two‐ray fading channels have been obtained. The derived expressions are given in terms of the Lauricella hypergeometric functions
and
. Moreover, the derived expressions also accommodate several others reported results in the literature for two‐wave diffuse power, Rician, Rician shadowed, Nakagami‐m, and Hoyt fading channels. Asymptotic outage probability and average symbol error rate expressions are also derived, which provide useful insights on the factors governing the performance of the considered system. The numerical results have been verified with Monte‐Carlo simulation results.
Novel underdetermined blind source separation algorithm based on compressed sensing and K‐SVD
Authors: Ruan Guoqing , Guo Qiang , Gao Jingpeng
Published: May 2018

In this paper, a novel two‐stage underdetermined blind source separation (UBSS) algorithm based on eigenvalue decomposition and compressed sensing (CS) is proposed. UBSS techniques can separate the complex mixed signals into multiple single signal components, which are widely applied in the field of electronic surveillance, spectrum management, radar applications, etc. Our major contributions are summarized as follows: (1) deriving a single source points detection algorithm based on eigenvalue decomposition; (2) proposing a novel hierarchical coupling dictionary training method based on K‐means singular value decomposition; and (3) using the two‐stage method to realize the separation of radar signals under the condition of unknown prior information. In the first stage, we present a single source point detection method involving eigenvalue decomposition to estimate the unknown mixing matrix. In this method, the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue is estimated and clustered as a vector of mixing matrix. The second stage is the recovery of sources from the observed signals utilizing the mixing matrix estimated by the first step. In the second stage, we first build the unified model of UBSS and CS, thus the reconstruction algorithm in the CS field can be applied to UBSS. Then, a hierarchical coupling dictionary training method based on K‐means singular value decomposition is proposed. The dictionary training method obtains the prior training signals by pre‐separation and employs the hierarchical coupling idea to train the dictionary efficiently. Simulations illustrate the validity of the method and show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional methods in source separation, especially in real‐world noncooperative cases without prior knowledge.
Content of phenolic compounds and vitamin C and antioxidant activity in wasted parts of Sudanese citrus fruits
Authors: Sir Elkhatim Khitma A. , Elagib Randa A. A. , Hassan Amro B.
Published: May 2018

Phenolic compounds, vitamin C, and the antioxidant activity of wasted parts of citrus (orange, lemon, and grapefruit) fruits were investigated. Ethanolic extracts from whole fruit, peel, and pulp containing seeds of each type of citruses were prepared. Within each type of citrus, results revealed that peels contained a higher amount of phenolic compound, flavonoids, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity than those of their inner wasted parts (pulp and seeds). Peels of grapefruit had the highest total phenolic content followed by lemon and orange, which was found to be 77.3, 49.8, and 35.6 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of peels, respectively. In contrast, orange peels contain the highest amount of flavonoids (83.3 mg of catechin equivalent/g) and vitamin C (110.4 mg/100 g) compared to the peels of the other citrus fruit used in this study. In general, the high content of antioxidant capacity and activity of citrus waste, particularly the peels, indicated that they may impart health and nutritional benefit when involving in the food industry as a natural antioxidant.
Geological suitability and capacity of CO2 storage in the Jiyang Depression, East China
Authors: Wang Shu , Vincent Ceri J. , Zeng Rongshu , Stephenson Michael H.
Published: May 2018

Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is an effective technology to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in China. In this paper, the authors considered storage opportunities offered by oil reservoirs and deep saline aquifers in the Jiyang Depression, in east China. Based on detailed geological analysis and assessment of CO2 storage suitability, the Dongying Sag and Linyi‐Shanghe areas of the Huimin Sag within the Jiyang Depression appear promising for CO2 storage. Following more detailed characterization, the second and third members of the Shahejie Formation located in these two areas appear the most promising for CO2 storage. Within the areas identified as having potential for storage, 55 primary and 62 secondary recommended storage units were defined, with a total theoretical capacity of 5.02 × 108 tonnes (t) CO2. This represents storage of CO2 emissions from large‐scale sources in the Jiyang Depression for more than 30 years at current emission rates. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sedimentary flow heterogeneities in the Triassic U.K. Sherwood Sandstone Group: Insights for hydrocarbon exploration
Authors: Medici Giacomo , West L. Jared , Mountney Nigel P.
Published: May 2018

Fluvial and aeolian sedimentary successions host important hydrocarbon resources as well as major groundwater aquifers. This review of the lithological characteristics of Triassic fluvio‐aeolian successions of the Sherwood Sandstone Group (United Kingdom) demonstrates how distance from a fluvial sediment source and rate of rift‐related tectonic subsidence play important roles in governing reservoir quality in continental successions. Increasing distance from the fluvial sediment source area results in increased porosity and permeability in deposits of mixed fluvial and aeolian reservoir successions that accumulated in arid and semiarid settings. Indeed, successions of the U.K. Sherwood Sandstone Group reveal an increase in the proportion of highly permeable deposits of aeolian origin with increasing distance from the principal uplands, represented by the Armorican Massif in northern France, which formed the main source for delivery of fluvial sediment to a series of rift basins. A progressive reduction in the discharge of fluvial systems entering and passing through a series of interlinked rift basins encouraged aeolian accumulation in more distal basins. Extensional tectonics enabled preservation of highly permeable aeolian facies in basins subject to high rates (≳100 m/Myr) of tectonic subsidence by rapidly placing such deposits below the water table. However, successions exclusively characterized by fluvial lithofacies record decreases in both porosity and permeability with increasing distance (~250–750 km) from the sediment source due to the coupling of porosity reduction and increasing clay content.
Binding of Free and Immune Complex‐Associated Hepatitis C Virus to Erythrocytes Is Mediated by the Complement System
Authors: Salam Kazi Abdus , Wang Richard Y. , Grandinetti Teresa , De Giorgi Valeria , Alter Harvey J. , Allison Robert D.
Published: May 2018

Erythrocytes bind circulating immune complexes (ICs) and facilitate IC clearance from the circulation. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with IC‐related disorders. In this study, we investigated the kinetics and mechanism of HCV and HCV‐IC binding to and dissociation from erythrocytes. Cell culture‐produced HCV was mixed with erythrocytes from healthy blood donors, and erythrocyte‐associated virus particles were quantified. Purified complement proteins, complement‐depleted serum, and complement receptor antibodies were used to investigate complement‐mediated HCV‐erythrocyte binding. Purified HCV‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) from a chronic HCV‐infected patient was used to study complement‐mediated HCV‐IC/erythrocyte binding. Binding of HCV to erythrocytes increased 200‐ to 1,000‐fold after adding complement active human serum in the absence of antibody. Opsonization of free HCV occurred within 10 minutes, and peak binding to erythrocytes was observed at 20‐30 minutes. Complement protein C1 was required for binding, whereas C2, C3, and C4 significantly enhanced binding. Complement receptor 1 (CR1, CD35) antibodies blocked the binding of HCV to erythrocytes isolated from chronically infected HCV patients and healthy blood donors. HCV‐ICs significantly enhanced complement‐mediated binding to erythrocytes compared to unbound HCV. Dissociation of complement‐opsonized HCV from erythrocytes depended on the presence of Factor I. HCV released by Factor I bound preferentially to CD19+ B cells compared to other leukocytes. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that complement mediates the binding of free and IC‐associated HCV to CR1 on erythrocytes and provide a mechanistic rationale for investigating the differential phenotypic expression of HCV‐IC–related disease.
The role of Aboriginal family workers in delivering a child safety‐focused home visiting program for Aboriginal families in an urban region of New South Wales
Authors: Clapham Kathleen , Bennett‐Brook Keziah , Hunter Kate
Published: May 2018

Issue addressed

Aboriginal Australian children experience higher rates of injury than other Australian children. However, few culturally acceptable programs have been developed or evaluated. The Illawarra Aboriginal Medical Service (IAMS) developed the Safe Homes Safe Kids program as an injury prevention program targeting disadvantaged Aboriginal families with children aged 0‐5 in an urban region of New South Wales. Delivered by Aboriginal Family Workers (AFWs), the program aims to reduce childhood injury by raising awareness of safety in the home. A program evaluation was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the home visiting model as an injury prevention program. This study reports on the qualitative interviews which explored the ways in which clients, IAMS staff and external service providers experienced the program and assessed its delivery by the AFWs.

Methods

A qualitative program evaluation was conducted between January 2014 and June 2015. We report here on the semi‐structured interviews undertaken with 34 individuals.

Results

The results show increased client engagement in the program; improved child safety knowledge and skills; increased access to services; improved attitudes to home and community safety; and changes in the home safety environment.

Conclusions

Safe Homes Safe Kids provides a culturally appropriate child safety program delivered by AFWs to vulnerable families. Clients, IAMS staff and external service were satisfied with the family workers’ delivery of the program and the holistic model of service provision.

So what&quest

This promising program could be replicated in other Aboriginal health services to address unintentional injury to vulnerable Aboriginal children.
Is there a limit to bioretention effectiveness? Evaluation of stormwater bioretention treatment using a lumped urban ecohydrologic model and ecologically based design criteria
Authors: Wright Olivia M. , Istanbulluoglu Erkan , Horner Richard R. , DeGasperi Curtis L. , Simmonds Jim
Published: May 2018

In this study, we developed the urban ecohydrology model (UEM) to investigate the role of bioretention on watershed water balance, runoff production, and streamflow variability. UEM partitions the land surface into pervious, impervious, and bioretention cell fractions. Soil moisture and vegetation dynamics are simulated in pervious areas and bioretention cells using a lumped ecohydrological approach. Bioretention cells receive runoff from a fraction of impervious areas. The model is calibrated in an urban headwater catchment near Seattle, WA, USA, using hourly weather data and streamflow observations for 3 years. The calibrated model is first used to investigate the relationship between streamflow variability and bioretention cell size that receives runoff from different values of impervious area in the watershed. Streamflow variability is quantified by 2 indices, high pulse count (HPC), which quantifies the number of flow high pulses in a water year above a threshold, and high pulse range (HPR), which defines the time over which the pulses occurred. Low values of these indices are associated with improved stream health. The effectiveness of the modelled bioretention facilities are measured by their influence on reducing HPC and HPR and on flow duration curves in comparison with modelled fully forested conditions. We used UEM to examine the effectiveness of bioretention cells under rainfall regimes that are wetter and drier than the study area in an effort to understand linkages between the degree of urbanization, climate, and design bioretention cell size to improve inferred stream health conditions. In all model simulations, limits to the reduction of HPC and HPR indicators were reached as the size of bioretention cells grew. Bioretention was more effective as the rainfall regime gets drier. Results may guide bioretention design practices and future studies to explore climate change impacts on bioretention design and management.
Hydrological projections of future climate change over the source region of Yellow River and Yangtze River in the Tibetan Plateau: A comprehensive assessment by coupling RegCM4 and VIC model
Authors: Lu Wenjun , Wang Weiguang , Shao Quanxi , Yu Zhongbo , Hao Zhenchun , Xing Wanqiu , Yong Bin , Li Jinxing
Published: May 2018

Understanding climate change impacts on hydrological regime and assessing future water supplies are essential to effective water resources management and planning, which is particularly true for the Tibetan Plateau (TP), one of the most vulnerable areas to climate change. In this study, future climate change in the TP was projected for 2041–2060 by a high‐resolution regional climate model, RegCM4, under 3 representative concentration pathways (RCPs): 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. Response of all key hydrological elements, that is, evapotranspiration, surface run‐off, baseflow, and snowmelt, to future climate in 2 typical catchments, the source regions of Yellow and Yangtze rivers, was further investigated by the variable infiltration capacity microscale hydrological model incorporated with a 2‐layer energy balance snow model and a frozen soil/permafrost algorithm at a 0.25°×0.25° spatial scale. The results reveal that (a) spatial patterns of precipitation and temperature from RegCM4 agree fairly well with the data from China Meteorological Forcing Dataset, indicating that RegCM4 well reproduces historical climatic information and thus is reliable to support future projection; (b) precipitation increase by 0–70% and temperature rise by 1–4 °C would occur in the TP under 3 RCPs. A clear south‐eastern–north‐western spatial increasing gradient in precipitation would be seen. Besides, under RCP8.5, the peak increase in temperature would approach to 4 °C in spring and autumn in the east of the TP; (c) evapotranspiration would increase by 10–60% in 2 source regions due to the temperature rise, surface run‐off and baseflow in higher elevation region would experience larger increase dominantly due to the precipitation increase, and streamflow would display general increases by more than 3% and 5% in the source regions of Yellow and Yangtze rivers, respectively; (d) snowmelt contributes 11.1% and 16.2% to total run‐off in the source regions of Yellow and Yangtze rivers, respectively, during the baseline period. In the source region of Yangtze River, snowmelt run‐off would become more important with increase of 17.5% and 18.3%, respectively, under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 but decrease of 15.0% under RCP8.5.
BUILDING EVALUATION PARTNERSHIPS WITH TRIBAL COMMUNITIES FOR HOME VISITING
Authors: Ayoub Catherine C. , Geary Erin , Londhe Rucha , Hiratsuka Vanessa , Roberts Erica
Published: May 2018

The goal of this current descriptive study was to examine the roles and relationships of evaluators with the tribal communities in which they work. First, we describe a participatory community research model with a strong capacity‐building component as the standard for assessing successful working partnerships between evaluators, programs, tribes, and tribal organizations. This model serves as a yardstick against which we examine the success and challenges of program–evaluation partnerships. Second, we report on a survey of tribal Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting program leaders and outline their impressions of successes and challenges related to program–evaluation partnerships. Survey participants discussed the importance of working with evaluators who have deep investment in and understanding of the tribal community; respect for cultural relevance and honor for cultural ways; collaboration that includes transparency, trust, and translation of research for community leaders and members; a focus on strength‐based design without losing the need to consider challenges; and relationships of mutual trust that can weather addressing stressors when issues of conflict, limited resources, and/or mixed expectations arise.
Defining personalized concepts for XBRL using iPAD‐drawn fuzzy sets
Authors: Reformat Marek Z. , Yager Ronald R. , To Nhuan D.
Published: May 2018

An efficient and effective analysis of business data requires a better understanding of what the data represents, and to what degree. A human‐like way of accomplishing that without being too detailed yet learning more about data content is to summarize and map the data into concepts familiar to a person performing analysis. Processes of summarization help identify the most essential facts that are embedded in the data. All this is of significant importance for analysis of large amounts of business data required to make good and sound financial decisions.

There are two aspects enabling more comprehensive yet easier processing of data: a standardized representation format of financial data; and a human‐friendly way of defining concepts and using them for building personalized models representing processing data. The first of the aspects has been addressed by the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL)—a standardized format of defining, representing and exchanging corporate and financial information. The second aspect is related to providing individuals with the ability to gain understanding of data content via determining a degree of truth of statements summarizing data based on their own perception of concepts they are looking for.

In this paper, we introduce a tablet application—Tablet‐based input of Fuzzy Sets (TiFS)—and demonstrate its usefulness for entering personalized definitions of concepts and terms that enable a quick analysis of financial data. Such analysis means utilization of soft queries and operations of aggregation that extract and summarize the data and present it in a form familiar to analysts. The application allows for defining concepts and terms with ‘finger‐made’ drawings representing a person's perception of concepts. Further, these definitions are used to build summarization statements for exploring XBRL data. They are equipped with ‘drawn’ definitions of linguistic terms (e.g. LARGE, SMALL, FAST) and linguistic quantifiers (e.g. ALL, MOSTLY), and enable summarization of data content from the perspective of a user's interests. The ‘drawn’ linguistic terms and quantifiers represent membership functions of fuzzy sets. Utilization of fuzzy sets allows for performing operations of data summarization in a human‐like way. The application of TiFS illustrates ease of inputting personalized definitions of concepts and their influence on the interpretation of data. This introduces aspects of personalization and adaptation of artificial intelligence systems to perceptions and views of individuals. The proposed application is used to perform a basic analysis of an XBRL document.
Peptidome analysis of lung tissues from a hyperoxia‐induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia mouse model: Insights into the pathophysiological process of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Yin Jing , Wang Xingyun , Zhang Le , Wang Xing , Liu Heng , Hu Yin , Yan Xiangyun , Tang Yongfeng , Wang Juan , Li Zhengyin , Yu Zhangbin , Cao Yan , Han Shuping
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to identify and compare the peptidomic profiles of lung tissues from neonatal mice with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Hyperoxia was used to establish the BPD mouse model. Lung tissues obtained on postnatal day (PND) 9 were processed for analysis via histological staining and label‐free liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Histological analysis of the lung sections from the BPD group showed significant alveolar simplification and aberrant pulmonary vascularization. We identified 3,704 total peptides, of which 63 were differentially expressed in the lung tissues from the BPD group compared with those from the control group. Within this subset, 31 peptides were downregulated, and 32 peptides were upregulated. Bioinformatics analysis suggested several potential roles of the differentially expressed peptides in the pathophysiological process of BPD. In summary, this study highlights novel peptide candidates, and provides new insights for further understanding the molecular mechanism of BPD development.
Anti‐angiogenic effects of CD73‐specific siRNA‐loaded nanoparticles in breast cancer‐bearing mice
Authors: Ghalamfarsa Ghasem , Rastegari Ali , Atyabi Fatemeh , Hassannia Hadi , Hojjat‐Farsangi Mohammad , Ghanbari Amir , Anvari Enayat , Mohammadi Jamshid , Azizi Gholamreza , Masjedi Ali , Yousefi Mehdi , Yousefi Bahman , Hadjati Jamshid , Jadidi‐Niaragh Farhad
Published: May 2018

CD73 facilitates tumor growth by upregulation of the adenosine (immunosuppressive factor) in the tumor microenvironment, however, its precise molecular mechanisms is not precisely understood. Regarding the importance of angiogenesis in tumor development and spreading, we decided to assign the anti‐angiogenic effects of CD73 suppression. We used chitosan lactate (ChLa) nanoparticles (NPs) to deliver CD73‐specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cancer cells. Our results showed that treatment of the 4T1 cells with CD73‐specific siRNA‐loaded NPs led to potent inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest, in vitro. This growth arrest was correlated with downregulation of angiogenesis‐related molecules including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A, VEGF‐R2, interleukin (IL)‐6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β. Moreover, administration of NPs loaded with CD73‐siRNA into 4T1 breast cancer‐bearing mice led to tumor regression and increased mice survival time accompanied with downregulation of angiogenesis (VEGF‐A, VEGF‐R2, VE‐Cadherin, and CD31) and lymphangiogenesis (VEGF‐C and LYVE‐1)‐related genes in the tumor site. Furthermore, the expression of angiogenesis promoting factors including IL‐6, TGF‐β, signal transducer, and activator of transcription (STAT)3, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‐1α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)2 was decreased after the CD73 suppression in mice. Moreover, analysis of leukocytes derived from the tumor samples, spleen, and regional lymph nodes showed that they had lower capability for secretion of angiogenesis promoting factors after CD73‐silencing. These results indicate that suppression of tumor development by downregulation of CD73 is in part related to angiogenesis arrest. These findings imply a promising strategy for inhibiting tumor growth accompanied with suppressing the angiogenesis process.
Tackling Wicked Monsters: The Horror Film as an Experiment in Leadership
Authors: Loiselle André
Published: May 2018

Trying to defeat a monster, the wicked problem par excellence, implies the demonstration of some degree of leadership. As the monster threatens normality, the “normal” must take action to defeat the menace. In recent years, zombie narratives have become especially conducive to the exploration of issues of leadership, as epidemics of flesh‐eating ghouls compel the Living to come together and adopt various forms of leadership to respond to attacks from the Undead. But while zombie films are the most obvious example of leadership in horror cinema, the current article argues that most types of scary movies are also preoccupied with leadership. Whether it is the “Final Girl” resisting attacks from a masked killer, paranormal investigators battling demonic entities, or a poor fool forced to confront a giant beast to save himself, his family and perhaps the world, the horror film explores extreme scenarios that prompt the audience to respond to, evaluate, and reject or accept, various leadership modes, ranging from autocratic and hierarchical to collaborative, emotional and abject.
The Importance of Research: An Exploratory Study Within the Collegiate Leadership Competition
Authors: Porter Tracy H.
Published: May 2018

The current article offers analysis of the Collegiate Leadership Competition (CLC) curriculum from a research perspective. CLC is a program within a multi‐university setting, that allows students to participate in deliberate practice of leadership skills toward self‐improvement. The goal of the research was to examine each aspect of the curriculum, to assess which programmatic facets might be of benefit to the participants, and to gain insight into how curricular components might fit together. t tests were conducted to assess the change within the study participants (n = 182) over the duration of the program. The findings offered support for the CLC approach to leadership development and focused specifically on the constructs of motivation to lead, leadership self‐efficacy, and CLC focused outcomes.
Utility of intravoxel incoherent motion MRI derived parameters for prediction of aggressiveness in urothelial bladder carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Miaomiao , Chen Yan , Cong Xinying , Zhao Xinming
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUND

Preoperative accurate judgment of aggressiveness is of great importance to determine treatment and prognosis of bladder cancers.

PURPOSE

To evaluate the utility of IVIM‐MRI parameters in predicting aggressiveness of bladder urothelial carcinoma.

STUDY TYPE

Prospective.

POPULATION MODEL

Sixty‐seven patients with bladder urothelial cancer.

FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE

3.0 T/T2WI and IVIM‐MRI.

ASSESSMENT

All cases were categorized in low‐, intermediate‐, or high‐aggressiveness proposed by Kobayashi depending on the T stage and pathological grade. Images analysis and IVIM‐derived parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient standard ADC, true diffusion coefficient D, pseudodiffusion coefficient D*, and perfusion fraction f) measurements were performed independently by two radiologists.

STATISTICAL TESTS

Comparisons of IVIM‐derived parameters in different aggressiveness levels were performed using one‐way analysis of variance or Kruskal‐Wallis test. Binary logistic regression models were used to calculate predicted probability of combined parameters. Diagnostic performance of individual and combined parameters for distinguishing high‐ from low‐/intermediate‐aggressiveness was assessed by using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve.

RESULTS

The ADC and D values differed significantly among low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐aggressive urothelial bladder carcinoma, respectively (P < 0.05). The f value showed significant differences between low‐ and high‐aggressive and between intermediate‐ and high‐aggressive bladder carcinoma (P < 0.05). The best parameter for differentiating high‐ from low‐/intermediate‐aggressive urothelial bladder carcinoma was ADC value, with the area under ROC curve (AUC) and accuracy of 0.895 and 85.97%, followed by f and D values with AUCs of 0.873 and 0.862, respectively. The best combination of parameters was combined D and f values, with AUC and accuracy of 0.931 and 91.82%.

DATA CONCLUSION

ADC value showed slightly better diagnostic performance than D and f values in predicting bladder cancer aggressiveness. The combination of D and f model can produce a robust value than single parameter in evaluating aggressiveness.

Level of Evidence: 1

Technical Efficacy: Stage 3

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1648–1656
All You Need Is Love: The Importance of Partner and Family Relations to Highly Creative Individuals’ Well‐Being and Success
Authors: Lebuda Izabela , Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly
Published: May 2018

The aim of the article was to investigate how the family life of highly creative individuals—mainly marriages or romantic relationships—is related to their sense of success and well‐being. Previous studies have led to conflicting conclusions. The predominant finding has been that marriage and family constitute an obstacle to creative potential development. Other studies have demonstrated that, regardless of gender, creators lead satisfying family lives, which contributes to their well‐being. The study presented in this paper is based on the grounded theory methodology and triangulates two sources: interviews with prominent creators from theUSAconducted years ago (Csikszentmihalyi, 1996,N = 91) and interviews with recognized contemporary Polish artists and scientists (N = 34). Based on interactions between the interviewees’ perception of themselves as creators and their perception of gender and family roles, the authors identify and discuss five types of relationship between creators’ family life and work. They also discuss the factors that hinder or facilitate creators’ satisfactory functioning in both areas in each of the five types of relationship.
New geomorphological and chronological constraints for glacial deposits in the Rivoli‐Avigliana end‐moraine system and the lower Susa Valley (Western Alps, NW Italy)
Authors: Ivy‐Ochs Susan , Lucchesi Stefania , Baggio Paolo , Fioraso Gianfranco , Gianotti Franco , Monegato Giovanni , Graf Angela A. , Akçar Naki , Christl Marcus , Carraro Francesco , Forno Maria Gabriella , Schlüchter Christian
Published: May 2018

Our new dataset from the Rivoli‐Avigliana end‐moraine system, the westernmost amphitheatre of the Italian Alps, provides an important step towards understanding foreland‐reaching glaciations before and during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the Western Alps. 10Be data from six boulders in pre‐LGM deposits gave ages between 26.8 ± 2.1 and 41.2 ± 1.9 ka. Based on morphological and pedological data, we interpret the oldest age as a minimum age for the glacier advance(s). 10Be results suggest that the LGM occurred in two major steps. During the first at 24.0 ± 1.5 ka, several ridges were constructed demonstrating oscillation of the Dora Riparia glacier snout at the maximum position. Our data demonstrate a significantly larger LGM extent in the Rivoli‐Avigliana amphitheatre than shown on previous maps. The maximum advance was followed by a short re‐advance of the glacier at 19.6 ± 0.9 ka, as recorded by 10Be ages from boulders in lateral positions along the lower Susa Valley. The maximum ice surface during the LGM was at 1000–920 m a.s.l. in the final reach of the valley (560–620 m of elevation above the alluvial plain) and at 620–340 m a.s.l. at the continuous moraines in the amphitheatre.
Synthesis and Properties of a Cationic Gemini Asphalt Emulsifier
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Xie Yicheng , Xu Hujun
Published: May 2018

A cationic Gemini surfactant with a benzene ring (abbreviated as C14‐CGB) was synthesized in 2 steps with aniline, epichlorohydrin, and N,N‐dimethyltetradecylamine as starting materials. This product was characterized using mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension (γcmc) of C14‐CGB were measured from 298 to 313 K and thermodynamic parameters of micellization were calculated. The results showed that the CMC and γcmc were 1.269 × 10−3 mol L−1 and 38.33 mN m−1 at 298 K, respectively. Moreover, upon increasing the temperature, the CMC increases, γcmc decreases, the maximum surface adsorption capacity (Γmax) decreases, and the minimum molecular area (Amin) increases. The emulsified asphalt test showed that C14‐CGB is a slow‐breaking asphalt emulsifier exhibiting excellent emulsifying ability.
Robust Fluorine‐Free Superhydrophobic PET Fabric Using Alkaline Hydrolysis and Thermal Hydrophobic Aging Process
Authors: Oh Ji‐Hyun , Park Chung Hee
Published: May 2018

A newly developed fluorine‐free method to render robust superhydrophobic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric is introduced with alkaline hydrolysis followed by thermal hydrophobic aging process, i.e., nonchemical finishing. The superhydrophobic PET fabric shows a static contact angle of 170.7° ± 2.4° and a shedding angle of 8.6° ± 0.7°. Breathability and color of the fabricated PET fabric are improved and not changed. The alkaline hydrolyzed and thermal hydrophobic aged PET fabric is easily bent and has increased smoothness, fullness, and softness. Additionally, it has good durability for tape test, abrasion test, pH test, and washing test under an extra aging process that gives rise to self‐healing. Self‐cleaning property of the superhydrophobic PET fabric is excellent. Therefore, the alkaline hydrolyzed and thermally hydrophobic aged superhydrophobic fabric has a potential for commercial applications in functional or biomedical textiles, goods and related industries, with improved human/environmental friendliness and efficiency of care.
Solving a free boundary problem with nonconstant coefficients
Authors: Brügger Rahel , Croce Roberto , Harbrecht Helmut
Published: May 2018

The present article is concerned with the numerical solution of a free boundary problem for an elliptic state equation with nonconstant coefficients. We maximize the Dirichlet energy functional over all domains of fixed volume. The domain under consideration is represented by a level set function, which is driven by the objective's shape gradient. The state is computed by the finite element method where the underlying triangulation is constructed by means of a marching cubes algorithm. We show that the combination of these tools lead to an efficient solver for general shape optimization problems.
Hopf bifurcation of a diffusive Gause‐type predator‐prey model induced by time fractional‐order derivatives
Authors: Yin Hongwei , Wen Xiaoqing
Published: May 2018

Since population behaviors possess the characteristic of history memory, we, in this paper, introduce time fractional‐order derivatives into a diffusive Gause‐type predator‐prey model, which is time fractional‐order reaction‐diffusion equations and a generalized form of its corresponding first‐derivative model. For this kind of model, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution by using the theory of evolution equations and the comparison principle of time fractional‐order partial differential equations. Besides, we obtain the stability and Hopf bifurcation of the Gause‐type predator‐prey model in the forms of the time fractional‐order ordinary equations and of the time fractional‐order reaction‐diffusion equations, respectively. Our results show that the stable region of the parameters in these 2 models can be enlarged by the time fractional‐order derivatives. Some numerical simulations are made to verify our results.
Neimark‐Sacker bifurcation of a fourth order difference equation
Authors: Shareef A. , Aloqeili M.
Published: May 2018

In this article, we study stability and bifurcation of a fourth order rational difference equation. We give condition for local stability, and we show that the equation undergoes a Neimark‐Sacker bifurcation. Moreover, we consider the direction of the Neimark‐Sacker bifurcation. Finally, we numerically validate our analytical results.
Reductions in muscle quality and quantity in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy patients assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Gilmore Kevin J. , Doherty Timothy J. , Kimpinski Kurt , Rice Charles L.
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Weakness in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) may be caused by decreases in muscle quantity and quality, but this has not been explored. Methods: Twelve patients with CIDP (mean age 61 years) and 10 age‐matched (mean age 59 years) control subjects were assessed for ankle dorsiflexion strength, and two different MRI scans (T1 and T2) of leg musculature. Results: Isometric strength was 36% lower in CIDP patients compared with controls. Tibialis anterior muscle volumes of CIDP patients were smaller by ∼17% compared with controls, and non‐contractile tissue volume was ∼58% greater in CIDP patients. When normalized to total muscle or corrected contractile volume, strength was ∼29% and ∼18% lower, respectively, in CIDP patients. Discussion: These results provide insight into the structural integrity of muscle contractile proteins and pathologic changes to whole‐muscle tissue composition that contribute to impaired muscle function in CIDP. Muscle Nerve 58: 396–401, 2018
Histone deacetylase inhibition inhibits brachial plexus avulsion‐induced neuropathic pain
Authors: Zhao Yingbo , Wu Tianjian
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Neuropathic pain induced by brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) is a pathological condition. We hypothesized that inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) could suppress BPA‐induced neuropathic pain through inhibition of transient reception potential (TRP) overexpression and protein kinase B (Akt)‐mediated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation. Methods: We generated a rat BPA model; administered HDAC inhibitor tricostatin A (TSA) for 7 days postsurgery; and assessed the effects on HDAC expression, Akt phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and mTOR activation. Results: TSA treatment alleviated BPA‐induced mechanical hyperalgesia, suppressed Akt phosphorylation, and increased HDAC. We found suppressed proinflammatory cytokine levels, TRPV1 and TRPM8 expression, and mTOR activity in TSA‐treated BPA rats. Discussion: Our results suggest that altered HDAC and Akt signaling are involved in BPA‐induced neuropathic pain and that inhibition of HDAC could be an effective therapeutic approach in reducing neuropathic pain. Muscle Nerve 58: 434–440, 2018
Measuring chaos and synchronization of chaotic satellite systems using sliding mode control
Authors: Khan Ayub , Kumar Sanjay
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we measure the chaotic behavior for satellite system through the dissipation, equilibrium points, bifurcation diagrams, Poincare section maps, Lyapunov exponents, and Kaplan‐Yorke dimension. We observe the qualitative behavior of satellite systems through these tools to justify the chaos in the system. Synchronization for 2 identical satellite systems using slide mode control is presented. We estimate the equilibrium points of chaotic satellite system. At each equilibrium point, we obtain the eigenvalues of Jacobian matrix of satellite system and verify the unstable region. We calculate Kaplan‐Yorke dimension, ie, DKY=2.1915, which ensures the strange behavior of the system. The qualitative and simulated results are in an excellent agreement.
Multiple solutions for a nonconvex variational problem with double‐well potentials
Authors: Lu Xiaojun , Lv Xiaofen , Wen Guanghui
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we present a set of complete solutions for a nonconvex variational problem with double‐well potentials in higher dimensions. Based on the canonical duality theory, the corresponding nonlinear Euler‐Lagrange equation with Neumann boundary condition can be converted into an algebraic equation, which can be solved analytically to obtain the solutions of the dual problem. Correspondingly, local extrema of the primal problem can be identified by the pure complementary energy principle.
NHL in adolescents and young adults: A unique population
Authors: Hochberg Jessica , Flower Allyson , Brugieres Laurence , Cairo Mitchell S.
Published: May 2018

Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoid malignancies with high incidence in adolescents and young adults (AYAs). The most common diseases include diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma. In comparison to younger children and adults, AYAs (15–39 years) with NHL present a specific set of challenges including variations in tumor biology, inconsistent treatment, pharmacodynamics, and psychosocial barriers. While survival of AYAs with NHL has improved, cure rates remain suboptimal. Incorporation of novel agents into pediatric‐inspired treatment regimens specifically designed for NHL in AYAs has led to improved outcomes. Consideration of AYAs as a distinct population in the diagnosis and treatment of NHL is encouraged.
Health‐care providers’ perspectives on health‐insurance access, waiving procedures, and hospital detention practices in Kenya
Authors: Mostert Saskia , Njuguna Festus , van der Burgt Renske H.M. , Musimbi Joyce , Langat Sandra , Skiles Jodi , Seijffert Anneloes , Sitaresmi Mei N. , Vik Terry A. , van de Ven Peter M. , Kaspers Gertjan J.L.
Published: May 2018

Background

Patients at Kenyan public hospitals are detained if their families cannot pay their medical bills. Access to health insurance and waiving procedures to prevent detention may be limited. This study explores the perspectives of health‐care providers (HCP) on health‐insurance access, waiving procedures, and hospital detention practices.

Procedure

A self‐administered structured questionnaire was completed by 104 HCP (response rate 78%) involved in childhood cancer care.

Results

The perspectives of respondents were as follows: all children with cancer should have health insurance according to 96% of HCP. After parents apply for health insurance, it takes too long before treatment costs are covered (67% agree). Patients with childhood cancer without health insurance have a higher chance of abandoning treatment (82% agree). Hospitals should waive bills of all children with cancer when parents have payment difficulties (69% agree). Waiving procedures take too long (75%). Parents are scared by waiving procedures and may decide never to return to the hospital again (68%). Poor families delay visiting the hospital because they fear hospital detention and first seek alternative treatment (92%). When poor families finally come to the hospital, the disease is in advanced stage already (94%). Parents sometimes have to abandon their detained child at the hospital if they cannot pay hospital bills (68%). Detention of children at the hospital if parents cannot pay their medical bills is not approved by 84% of HCP.

Conclusions

HCP acknowledge that access to health insurance needs improvement and that waiving procedures contribute to treatment abandonment. By far, most HCP disapprove of hospital detention practices. These factors warrant urgent attention and adjustment.
Clinically significant ascites as an indication for resection of rapidly involuting congenital hepatic hemangiomas
Authors: Klein Mia , Chang Alicia K. , Vasudevan Sanjeev A. , Blatt Julie , Iacobas Ionela , Lee Sang
Published: May 2018

Hepatic hemangiomas are the most common benign liver tumor of infancy and are divided into two main types: rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH) and non‐involuting congenital hemangiomas. RICH typically involute by 12 months and are often asymptomatic. Surgical resection is rare. Indications for surgical resection include rupture, rapid growth, consumptive coagulopathy, and abdominal pain. We present two patients from different institutions who both developed clinically significant ascites as the RICH involuted, prompting surgical resection. This is a new indication for resection.
Pitfalls and clues in the prenatal diagnosis of abnormal origin of one of the pulmonary artery branches
Authors: Quarello Edwin , Paoli Florent , Lafouge Antoine , Stos Bertrand , Gorincour Guillaume
Published: May 2018

What's already known about this topic?

The abnormal origin of 1 of the pulmonary artery branches is a very rare malformative entity, for which prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis remains difficult.

What does this study add?

We reviewed 3 cases, including 1 diagnosed after birth, for which we detailed the clues and pitfalls to reach (or miss) their identification. Knowledge of this malformation associated with a careful ultrasonographic strategy will allow early and optimal surgical management.
Stable Protein Gel Storage in Acetonitrile for Mass Spectrometric Analysis
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Wang Sen , Jia Jia , Tian Xinyu , Xu Hongpan , Ning Mingzhe , Bai Bing
Published: May 2018

Long‐term storage of protein samples for transportation is a challenge in the field of mass spectrometric analysis because the low temperature condition is not easy to be maintained. Here we introduce a simple method to preserve proteins at room temperature for at least one month. In this method, the protein sample is run shortly into a polyacrylamide gel which is then excised after Coomassie staining. The protein gel band is then dehydrated by 100% acetonitrile three times and kept in 100% acetonitrile for storage at room temperature. By the TMT 10‐plex based quantitative proteomic analyses, we have found that these proteins are stable in their levels and modifications (phosphorylation, oxidation, and ubiquitination) for 30 days. Further analysis has revealed this storage method also well preserves proteins even at 45 °C. We therefore recommend to use acetonitrile to dehydrate and store protein gel pieces as an effective alternative for sample shipping over days. Therefore, it might facilitate worldwide collaborations in the mass spectrometry‐based proteomic research.
The role of posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth on online information use in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Casellas‐Grau A. , Sumalla E.C. , Lleras M. , Vives J. , Sirgo A. , León C. , Rodríguez A. , Campos G. , Valverde Y. , Borràs J.M. , Ochoa C.
Published: May 2018

Objective

Changes perceived as both positive (eg, posttraumatic growth [PTG]) and negative (eg, posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSS]) have been associated with intensive Internet use among breast cancer survivors. In this multicenter study, we analyzed the role of PTG and PTSS on the amount of time spent looking for online cancer information, its content, and its psychological impact.

Methods

Posttraumatic stress symptoms and PTG were assessed in 182 breast cancer survivors by using the Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and Post‐traumatic Growth Inventory questionnaires. Subjects also completed a questionnaire about their behavior when looking for online illness‐related information (ie, time spent, type of contents, and psychological impact).

Results

Posttraumatic stress symptoms positively correlated with the amount of time spent looking for cancer‐related information, including both medical and psychosocial content. By contrast, PTG showed no relationships with the amount of time, but with a predominant search for cancer‐related psychosocial information. The psychological impact of online information was associated with participants' levels of PTG and/or PTSS. Whereas PTG was related to a decrease of women's hope, PTSS was linked to the perception of being less conscious or inadequately informed about the illness, thereby increasing feelings of distress.

Conclusions

Posttraumatic stress symptoms and PTG show relationships with the amount of time spent online, the type of information accessed online, and the psychological impact of Internet use. Health professionals should prescribe online information according to the psychological response to cancer. There is a need for professional‐led online resources to provide patients with timely information as well as support sites to facilitate psychological adjustment.