bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of novel variant and functional study in a Chinese family with nonsyndromic oligodontia
Authors: Sun Ruiqing , Li Shuangying , Xia Bin , Zhu Junxia
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To investigate the pathogenic gene of a patient with nonsyndromic oligodontia, and analyze its possible pathogenic mechanism.

Subjects and methods

The variant was detected by whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing in a family with oligodontia. Bioinformatic and structural analyses were used to analyze variant. Functional studies including western blotting and immunofluorescent analyses and luciferase reporter assay were conducted to explore the functional effects.

Results

We identified a novel frameshift variant of PAX9 (c.491‐510delGCCCT‐ATCACGGCGGCGGCC, p.P165Qfs*145) outside the DNA‐binding domain causing an autosomal‐dominant nonsyndromic oligodontia in a Chinese family. Bioinformatic and structural analyses revealed that the variant is pathogenic and conserved evolutionarily, and the changes might affect protein stability or folding. Functional studies demonstrate dramatically reduced ability in activating transcription activity of BMP4 promoter and a marked decrease in protein production, as evaluated by western blotting and immunofluorescent analyses.

Conclusions

We found a novel frameshift variant of PAX9 causing nonsyndromic oligodontia in a Chinese family. Our findings indicate that frameshift variants cause loss of function of PAX9 protein during the patterning of the dentition and the subsequent tooth agenesis, providing new molecular insights into the role of frameshift variant of PAX9 and broaden the pathogenic spectrum of PAX9 variants.
Negative effects of winter and spring warming on the regeneration of forest spring geophytes
Authors: Vangansbeke P. , Sanczuk P. , Govaert S. , De Lombaerde E. , De Frenne P.
Published: May 2022

The climate is changing rapidly, provoking species to shift their ranges poleward and upslope. We currently lack a mechanistic understanding of the effect of warmer temperatures on plants, especially for seasonally distinct patterns. Spring geophytes are emblematic forest plants that have a short aboveground lifecycle in the first half of the year and are thus particularly sensitive to winter and spring warming.

We set up a warming experiment with separate and combined winter and spring warming on seedlings of three European spring geophytes: Anemone nemorosa, Hyacinthoides non‐scripta and Ornithogalum pyrenaicum. Seedling emergence and plant height were recorded at the end of winter and spring treatment, when also biomass of the root, shoot and storage organ was determined.

We found negative effects of combined winter and spring warming on seedling emergence. The weight of the storage organ proved to be the best indicator of seedling performance and was negatively affected by separate winter warming in Anemone and by spring warming in Hyacinthoides.

Successful seedling emergence was jeopardized by the absence of a cold period, while seedling performance seemed to be negatively influenced directly by higher temperatures through a phenological shift. Our findings confirm that warmer winter and spring temperatures could hamper regeneration of spring geophytes.
Information design of matching platforms when user preferences are bidimensional
Authors: Du Jinzhao , Lei Ying
Published: May 2022

Companies that provide a two‐sided platform for users to proactively seek a match face great challenges in increasing matching efficiency and ensuring match quality. This paper examines how information designs can be used to improve matching outcomes when users derive utility from a match's vertical attribute (i.e., quality) and its horizontal attribute (i.e., idiosyncratic fit). We consider a game‐theoretic model in which competing senders propose matching requests to competing receivers and users on the two sides are differentiated both horizontally and vertically. We first demonstrate that users' preference for the vertical attribute intensifies competition and hurts matching efficiency, and to avoid competition a sender may switch from a close receiver to a distant receiver even when the weight that he places on a match's horizontal closeness increases. Second, we examine four information designs in which one type of information from one side of the market is withheld. Designs that withhold either side's vertical information increase the number of matches, with the improvement from withholding receivers' information being greater. By contrast, designs that withhold either side's horizontal information can cause all requests to concentrate on one receiver and lead to the most severe match failure. Third, an increase in matching volume comes at the expense of certain users' welfare, as withholding one side's vertical information can hurt not only high‐quality users on both sides but also the low‐quality users on the opposite side. Although withholding one side's horizontal information may increase the matching volume under certain conditions, it can be Pareto dominated by a design that withholds one side's vertical information. Fourth, when strategic user pricing is involved, it not only redistributes user welfare but also corrects for matching distortion. Finally, in contrast to the result when strategic pricing is absent, when strategic pricing is present the platform withholding one side's vertical information can benefit all users on the opposite side, while withholding one side's horizontal information can benefit all users on the same side.
Granulosa cell transcriptomic study reveals the differential regulation of lncRNAs and mRNAs related to follicle development in goat
Authors: Meng Jinzhu , Zhao Yuanyuan , Lan Xianyong , Wang Shuilian
Published: May 2022

Mammalian follicle development is a complex biological process regulated by several factors. More than 99% of the follicles in goat ovaries will be atresia and only a few will eventually mature and ovulate. To investigate the potential long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate the expression of genes associated with follicular dominance or atresia, RNA‐seq was performed on dominant follicles (DFs) and subordinate follicles (SFs) of granulosa cells from goats at the first follicular wave. A total of 92 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 676 differentially expressed mRNAs were detected in both types of follicles. The qRT‐PCR results were consistent with the transcriptome sequencing data. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of the differentially expressed mRNAs revealed that LHR and LDLR are associated with follicle dominance and are involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway. The co‐located mRNAs CALM2 and PPP1CA were significantly enriched during oocyte meiosis and in the cAMP and oxytocin signalling pathways. The co‐expressed mRNAs were significantly enriched in the oestrogen signalling pathway and in ovarian steroidogenesis and progesterone‐mediated oocyte maturation. A co‐expression network of lncRNAs, target genes and differentially expressed genes was constructed. Follicle development‐related genes, such as LDLR, NOTCH1 and FGF12, were included. These findings expand the lncRNA catalogue and provide a basis for further studies on the mechanism of regulating follicular development in goats.
TheMYBtranscription factorMYB103acts upstream ofTRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE‐LIKE27in regulating aluminum sensitivity by modulating theO‐acetylation level of cell wall xyloglucan inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wu Qi , Tao Ye , Huang Jing , Liu Yu Song , Yang Xiao Zheng , Jing Huai Kang , Shen Ren Fang , Zhu Xiao Fang
Published: May 2022

Modification of theO‐acetylation level of xyloglucan (XyG) appears to affect aluminum (Al) sensitivity in Arabidopsis by modulating its binding capacity to Al. However, the transcriptional regulation of this process remains largely unknown. In our previous studies, we found that the expression ofTRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE‐LIKE27(TBL27), which is responsible for theO‐acetylation of XyG, was downregulated under Al stress. In the present study, we showed that the expression of an R2R3‐type transcription factor‐encoding gene,MYB103, was also inhibited by Al exposure and exhibited a co‐expression pattern withTBL27in roots and siliques, suggesting a potential link betweenMYB103andTBL27. The loss of function ofMYB103resulted in increased Al sensitivity, as indicated by more inhibited root growth and elevated root Al content compared with the wild type. Moreover, we also detected increased Al accumulation in the root cell wall and the hemicellulose fraction, which was attributed to the changes in theO‐acetylation level of XyG rather than the XyG content itself. In addition, further analysis revealed that MYB103 positively activatedTBL27expression by directly binding to theTBL27promoter region, andTBL27overexpression in themyb103mutant rescued the Al‐sensitive phenotype of the mutant to the wild‐type level. Taken together, we conclude that MYB103 acts upstream ofTBL27to positively regulate Al resistance by modulating theO‐acetylation of the cell wall XyG.
CROWN ROOTLESS1 binds DNA with a relaxed specificity and activates OsROP and OsbHLH044 genes involved in crown root formation in rice
Authors: Gonin Mathieu , Jeong Kwanho , Coudert Yoan , Lavarenne Jeremy , Hoang Giang Thi , Bes Martine , To Huong Thi Mai , Thiaw Marie‐Rose Ndella , Do Toan Van , Moukouanga Daniel , Guyomarc'h Soazig , Bellande Kevin , Brossier Jean‐Rémy , Parizot Boris , Nguyen Hieu Trang , Beeckman Tom , Bergougnoux Véronique , Rouster Jacques , Sallaud Christophe , Laplaze Laurent , Champion Antony , Gantet Pascal
Published: May 2022

In cereals, the root system is mainly composed of post‐embryonic shoot‐borne roots, named crown roots. The CROWN ROOTLESS1 (CRL1) transcription factor, belonging to the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2‐LIKE/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (ASL/LBD) family, is a key regulator of crown root initiation in rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we show that CRL1 can bind, both in vitro and in vivo, not only the LBD‐box, a DNA sequence recognized by several ASL/LBD transcription factors, but also another not previously identified DNA motif that was named CRL1‐box. Using rice protoplast transient transactivation assays and a set of previously identified CRL1‐regulated genes, we confirm that CRL1 transactivates these genes if they possess at least a CRL1‐box or an LBD‐box in their promoters. In planta, ChIP‐qPCR experiments targeting two of these genes that include both a CRL1‐ and an LBD‐box in their promoter show that CRL1 binds preferentially to the LBD‐box in these promoter contexts. CRISPR/Cas9‐targeted mutation of these two CRL1‐regulated genes, which encode a plant Rho GTPase (OsROP) and a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor (OsbHLH044), show that both promote crown root development. Finally, we show that OsbHLH044 represses a regulatory module, uncovering how CRL1 regulates specific processes during crown root formation.
A Conversation with Nora de Izcue: Runan Caycu, New Latin American Cinema, and the Peruvian Documentary Tradition
Authors: Mladic Janney Christine , de Izcue Nora
Published: May 2022

This dialogue features the Peruvian filmmaker Nora de Izcue, paying particular attention to her early documentary Runan Caycu, the impact it had on her own trajectory as a director, and the role it played in connecting her with the New Latin American Cinema movement. De Izcue has not only contributed to the Peruvian documentary tradition through her groundbreaking films and filmmaking process, but has also been instrumental in promoting social justice filmmaking throughout Latin America. This article expands international awareness of De Izcue's work, opening new pathways for engagement and analysis.
Accuracy of the IDEXX SediVue Dx analyzer for quantifying RBC and WBC indices in the urine sediments of cats and dogs compared with manual microscopic evaluations
Authors: Blanco Anthony E. , Heseltine Johanna C. , Hernandez Annalisa M. , Bilbrough Graham E. A. , DeNicola Dennis B. , Myrick Celine , Edwards Suzanne , Hammond Jeremy M. , Myers Alexandra N. , Nabity Mary B.
Published: May 2022

Background

The IDEXX SediVue Dx (SediVue) is an automated, in‐clinic urine sediment analyzer for veterinary patients. The bias between the results from manual microscopy and the SediVue is currently unknown.

Objectives

To assess the diagnostic accuracy of the SediVue, we aimed to determine the bias between the SediVue (index test) and manual microscopy (reference standard) for the quantification of RBCs and WBCs in urine.

Methods

Urine remnant samples were collected from cats and dogs that contained RBCs (n = 462) and WBCs (n = 510). Retrospective analysis of results from urine sediment examinations using both manual microscopy (using a KOVA and DeciSlide system) and the SediVue (1.0.1.3) was performed. Bias was determined with Bland‐Altman plots. SediVue‐captured images from high‐bias samples were reviewed, and biases were compared.

Results

The median bias for semi‐quantitative RBC and WBC counts was determined for RBC and WBC counts. The cutoffs were RBC ≤ 5/HPF, 0.3; RBC 5.1‐10/HPF, 10.1; RBC 10.1‐20/HPF, 10.6; and RBC > 20/HPF, 28.93; WBC ≤ 5/HPF, 0.1; WBC 5.1‐10/HPF, 2.2; WBC 10.1‐20/HPF, 9.4; and WBC > 20/HPF, 26.6. High bias between the methods was identified in 98 samples (21.0%) with RBCs and 77 samples (15.7%) with WBCs. Reviewer‐based enumeration of the SediVue‐captured images decreased the percentage of samples with high bias to 17.3% for RBCs and to 11.4% for WBCs.

Conclusions

Bias in the RBC and WBC counts between manual microscopy and the SediVue was unlikely to impact clinical interpretations in a majority of cases. Although reviewer enumeration of SediVue‐captured images reduced observed bias, inherent differences between methodologies appeared to have a larger impact on the bias.
Precarious Asia
Authors: Kalleberg Arne L. , Hewison Kevin , Shin Kwang-Yeong
Published: May 2022

This book assesses the role of global and domestic factors in shaping precarious work and its outcomes in Japan, South Korea, and Indonesia as they represent a range of Asian political democracies and capitalist economies: Japan and South Korea are now developed and mature economies, while Indonesia remains a lower-middle income country. The authors yield compelling insights into the extent and consequences of precarious work, examining the dynamics underlying its rise. By linking macrostructural policies to both the mesostructure of labor relations and the microstructure of outcomes experienced by individual workers, the authors reveal the interplay of forces that generate precarious work, and in doing so, synthesize historical and institutional analyses with the political economy of capitalism and class relations. The book reveals how precarious work ultimately contributes to increasingly high levels of inequality and condemns segments of the population to chronic poverty and many more to livelihood and income vulnerability.
Dualisms of Precarious Work
Authors: Kalleberg Arne L. , Hewison Kevin , Shin Kwang-Yeong
Published: May 2022

Chapter 4 documents the growth in nonregular work arrangements in Japan and South Korea and the salience of the informal economy in Indonesia. These trends are discussed in terms of dualisms: nonregular versus regular work especially in Japan and South Korea, and informal versus formal work in Indonesia. For Japan a key trend is the expansion of nonregular work, especially for males. Nonregular work has also become more common in South Korea, and the large self-employed sector is especially important. Japan and South Korea are also compared with respect to the differing opportunities that men and women who work in nonregular jobs have of moving to regular jobs. For Indonesia the informal economy is most salient to precarious work and life chances, though nonregular work remains important even in the formal economy.
The Discovery of Iran
Authors: Mirsepassi Ali
Published: May 2022

This book examines the history of Iranian nationalism afresh through the life and work of Taghi Arani, the founder of Iran's first Marxist journal, Donya. In his quest to imagine a future for Iran open to the scientific riches of the modern world and the historical diversity of its own people, Arani combined Marxist materialism and a cosmopolitan ethics of progress. He sought to reconcile Iran to its post-Islamic past, rejected by Persian purists and romanticized by their traditionalist counterparts, while orienting its present toward the modern West in all its complex and conflicting facets. As the book shows, Arani's cosmopolitanism complicates the conventional wisdom that racial exclusivism was an insoluble feature of twentieth-century Iranian nationalism. In cultural spaces like Donya, Arani and his contemporaries engaged vibrant debates about national identity, history, and Iran's place in the modern world. In exploring Arani's short but remarkable life and writings, the book challenges the image of Interwar Iran as dominated by the Pahlavi state to uncover fertile intellectual spaces in which civic nationalism flourished.
ʿErfan , Reason, and the Nation
Authors: Mirsepassi Ali
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on Arani’s major critique of the antimodernism he saw as inherent to the contemporary resurgence of ‘erfan or mysticism. Arani published a three-part series of articles that advocated a materialist reading of mysticism’s popularity in Iran and abroad. His critique of the contemporary French philosopher Henri Bergson, whom he regarded as representing the latest strain of that antirational thinking, is central to the chapter.
Victorian Contingencies
Authors: Choi Tina Young
Published: May 2022

Contingency is not just a feature of modern politics, finance, and culture—by thinking contingently, nineteenth-century Britons rewrote familiar narratives and upended forgone conclusions. This book shows how scientists, novelists, and consumers engaged in new formal and material experiments with cause and effect, past and present, that actively undermined routine certainties. The book traces contingency across a wide range of materials and media, from newspaper advertisements and children's stories to well-known novels, scientific discoveries, technological innovations. It shows how Charles Lyell and Charles Darwin reinvented geological and natural histories as spaces for temporal and causal experimentation, while the nascent insurance industry influenced Charles Babbage's computational designs for a machine capable of responding to a contingent future. The book pairs novelists George Eliot and Lewis Carroll with physicist James Clerk Maxwell, demonstrating how they introduced possibility and probability into once-assured literary and scientific narratives. And it explores the popular board games and pre-cinematic visual entertainments that encouraged Victorians to navigate a world made newly uncertain. By locating contingency within these cultural contexts, the book invites a deep and multidisciplinary reassessment of the longer histories of causality, closure, and chance.
Pivotal Moments, Diverging Paths
Authors: Choi Tina Young
Published: May 2022

Nineteenth-century forms of play focused attention on contingency, those moments of causal and temporal possibility whose degrees of freedom delineated new rules, limits, and boundaries. Early board games, with their moralistic lessons and predictable layouts, transformed through the use of cartographic conventions into more open-ended and secular arenas for play. Lewis Carroll and others adapted the spatialized and multidirectional narratives of games to remake children’s fiction; Carroll’s Alice books and word games emphasized dysteleology and synchronous multiplicity. William Spooner’s protean (transforming) views, visual toys that displayed before-and-after scenes of volcanoes and avalanches, distilled historical contingencies to crucial moments of transformation.
Comparison of competitive behaviours between native and invasive ecotypes of garlic mustard under different density conditions, presence and identity of neighbours
Authors: Murphy Guillermo P. , Shah Rhythm , Dudley Susan A.
Published: May 2022

Invasive species in monocultures in introduced habitats experience different competitive conditions compared with their native habitats. Invasive monospecific stands can be composed of highly related individuals, creating high opportunity for kin selection in invaded habitats. We investigated the responses of North American and European ecotypes of the invasive species garlic mustard ( Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande) to aspects of the competitive environment including density, presence and identity of conspecific neighbors. Several aboveground morphological and performance traits responded to density independent of the origin of the plants. Belowground, however, North American ecotypes allocated more resources to roots and particularly to the taproot portion of their root system, while petiole elongation was density-dependent with North American ecotypes showing reduced elongation in high density compared to European ecotypes. These results were consistent with the evolution of reduced competitive ability in garlic mustard and indicated better resource storage in the introduced environment. Differential responses to neighbour identity indicated the ability for kin recognition in this species. Thus, a combination of natural and kin selection favouring better resource storage and less intraspecific competition, aided by the ability for kin recognition, may be responsible for the success of garlic mustard as an invasive species in North America.
Power-law holographic dark energy and cosmology
Authors: Telali Eirini C. , Saridakis Emmanuel N.
Published: May 2022

We formulate power-law holographic dark energy, which is a modified holographic dark energy model based on the extended entropy relation arising from the consideration of state mixing between the ground and the excited ones in the calculation of the entanglement entropy. We construct two cases of the scenario, imposing the usual future event horizon choice, as well as the Hubble one. Thus, the former model is a one-parameter extension of standard holographic dark energy, recovering it in the limit where power-law extended entropy recovers Bekenstein–Hawking one, while the latter belongs to the class of running vacuum models, a feature that may reveal the connection between holography and the renormalization group running. For both models we extract the differential equation that determines the evolution of the dark-energy density parameter and we provide the expression for the corresponding equation-of-state parameter. We find that the scenario can describe the sequence of epochs in the Universe evolution, namely the domination of matter followed by the domination of dark energy. Moreover, the dark-energy equation of state presents a rich behavior, lying in the quintessence regime or passing into the phantom one too, depending on the values of the two model parameters, a behavior that is richer than the one of standard holographic dark energy.
Scrambling time for analogue black holes embedded in AdS space
Authors: Wang Qing-Bing , Yu Ming-Hui , Ge Xian-Hui
Published: May 2022

We propose a gedanken experiment on realizing thermofield double state (TFD) by using analog black holes and provide an approach to test the scrambling time. Through this approach, we demonstrate clearly how shock wave changes the TFD state as time evolves. As the whole system evolves forward in time, the perturbation of space-time geometry will increase exponentially. Finally, it will destroy the entanglement between the two states of the thermal field, and the mutual information between them is reduced to zero in the time scale of scrambling. The results show that for perturbations of analogue black holes embedded in AdS space, the scale of the scrambling time is closely related to the logarithm of entropy of the black hole. The results provide further theoretical argument for the scrambling time, which can be further falsified in experiments.
Keyword expansion techniques for mining social movement data on social media
Authors: Bozarth Lia , Budak Ceren
Published: May 2022

Political and social scientists have been relying extensively on keywords such as hashtags to mine social movement data from social media sites, particularly Twitter. Yet, prior work demonstrates that unrepresentative keyword sets can lead to flawed research conclusions. Numerous keyword expansion methods have been proposed to increase the comprehensiveness of keywords, but systematic evaluations of these methods have been lacking. Our paper fills this gap. We evaluate five diverse keyword expansion techniques (or pipelines) on five representative social movements across two distinct activity levels. Our results guide researchers who aim to use social media keyword searches to mine data. For instance, we show that word embedding-based methods significantly outperform other even more complex and newer approaches when movements are in normal activity periods. These methods are also less computationally intensive. More importantly, we also observe that no single pipeline can identify little more than half of all movement-related tweets when these movements are at their peak mobilization period offline. However, coverage can increase significantly when more than one pipeline is used. This is true even when the pipelines are selected at random.
The penumbra of open source: projects outside of centralized platforms are longer maintained, more academic and more collaborative
Authors: Trujillo Milo Z. , Hébert-Dufresne Laurent , Bagrow James
Published: May 2022

GitHub has become the central online platform for much of open source, hosting most open source code repositories. With this popularity, the public digital traces of GitHub are now a valuable means to study teamwork and collaboration. In many ways, however, GitHub is a convenience sample, and may not be representative of open source development off the platform. Here we develop a novel, extensive sample of public open source project repositories outside of centralized platforms. We characterized these projects along a number of dimensions, and compare to a time-matched sample of corresponding GitHub projects. Our sample projects tend to have more collaborators, are maintained for longer periods, and tend to be more focused on academic and scientific problems.
Digital image analysis on cathodoluminescence microscopy images for ancient ceramic classification: methods, applications, and perspectives
Authors: Odelli E. , Volpintesta F. , Raneri S. , Lefrais Y. , Beconcini D. , Palleschi V. , Chapoulie R.
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to investigate the application of cathodoluminescence (CL) imagery (with optical microscopy) and CL spectroscopy (with Scanning Electron Microscope) in ancient ceramics studies, for a proper classification of petro-fabrics and mineral inclusions based on their CL response. Digital image analysis (DIA) routines are proposed for both qualitative and quantitative analysis, and outcomes are reviewed in the light of classical optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM–EDS) approaches. Obtained results demonstrated the suitability of CL in discriminating ceramic groups, offering also complementary information connected with aspects as provenance or manufacturing processes. CL imagery and spectroscopy data are also used to discuss perspectives of the method, debating bias, limits, or suspicious inconsistencies, exploring how compositional features or sample’s nature imprint CL response, and finally providing the basis for future developments. Addendum at the back of the paper includes and extensively discusses some technical aspects regarding the applied DIA routines, developed in open-sources software environments and available as supplementary materials.
Vacuum energy density and pressure inside a soft wall
Authors: Shayit Agam , Fulling S. A. , Settlemyre T. E. , Merritt Joseph
Published: May 2022

In the study of quantum vacuum energy and the Casimir effect, it is desirable to model the conductor by a potential of the form [Formula: see text]. This “soft wall” model was proposed so as to avoid the violation of the principle of virtual work under ultraviolet regularization that occurs for the standard Dirichlet wall. The model was formalized for a massless scalar field, and the expectation value of the stress tensor has been expressed in terms of the reduced Green function of the equation of motion. In the limit of interest, [Formula: see text], which approximates a Dirichlet wall, a closed-form expression for the reduced Green function cannot be found, so piecewise approximations incorporating the perturbative and WKB expansions of the Green function, along with interpolating splines in the region where neither expansion is valid, have been developed. After reviewing this program, in this paper, we apply the scheme to the wall with [Formula: see text] and use it to compute the renormalized energy density and pressure inside the cavity for various values of the conformal parameter. The consistency of the results is verified by comparison to their numerical counterparts and verification of the trace anomaly and the conservation law. Finally, we use the approximation scheme to reproduce the energy density inside the quadratic wall, which was previously calculated exactly but with some uncertainty.
Casimir effect between spherical objects: Proximity-force approximation and beyond using plane waves
Authors: Schoger Tanja , Spreng Benjamin , Ingold Gert-Ludwig , Maia Neto Paulo A.
Published: May 2022

For the Casimir interaction between two nearby objects, the plane-wave basis proves convenient for numerical calculations as well as for analytical considerations leading to an optical interpretation of the relevant scattering processes of electromagnetic waves. We review work on the proximity-force approximation (PFA) and corrections to it within the plane-wave basis for systems involving spherical objects. Previous work is extended by allowing for polarization mixing during the reflection at a sphere. In particular, explicit results are presented for perfect electromagnetic conductors. Furthermore, for perfect electric conductors at zero temperature, it is demonstrated that beyond the leading-order correction to the PFA, terms of half-integer order in the distance between the sphere surfaces appear.
Dynamical dark energy and infinite statistics
Authors: Jejjala Vishnu , Kavic Michael J. , Minic Djordje , Takeuchi Tatsu
Published: May 2022

In the [Formula: see text]CDM model, dark energy is viewed as a constant vacuum energy density, the cosmological constant in the Einstein–Hilbert action. This assumption can be relaxed in various models that introduce a dynamical dark energy. In this paper, we argue that the mixing between infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) degrees of freedom in quantum gravity leads to infinite statistics, the unique statistics consistent with Lorentz invariance in the presence of nonlocality, and yields a fine structure for dark energy. Introducing IR and UV cutoffs into the quantum gravity action, we deduce the form of [Formula: see text] as a function of redshift and translate this to the behavior of the Hubble parameter.
Detecting Compiler Bugs Via a Deep Learning-Based Framework
Authors: Tang Yixuan , Ren Zhilei , Jiang He , Qiao Lei , Liu Dong , Zhou Zhide , Kong Weiqiang
Published: May 2022

Compiler testing is the most widely used way to assure compiler quality. However, since compilers require a large number of sophisticated test programs as inputs, the existing approaches in compiler testing still have a limited capability in generating both syntactically valid and diverse test programs. In this paper, we propose DeepGen, a deep learning-based approach to support compiler testing through the inference of a generative model for compiler inputs. First, DeepGen trains a Transformer-XL model based on a large corpus of seed programs, and uses the trained model to generate syntactically valid programs. Then, DeepGen adopts a sampling strategy in the inference phase to generate diverse test programs. Finally, DeepGen leverages differential testing on the generated programs to discover compiler bugs. We have evaluated DeepGen over two popular C++ compilers GCC and LLVM, and the results confirm the effectiveness of our approach. DeepGen detects 35.29%, 53.33%, and 187.50% more bugs than three existing approaches, i.e. DeepSmith, DeepFuzz, and Csmith, respectively. In addition, 30.43% bugs detected by DeepGen are not detected by other approaches. Furthermore, DeepGen has successfully detected 38 bugs in the latest development versions of GCC and LLVM; 21 of them have been confirmed/fixed by the developers.
Impacts of Digitalization on Small- And Medium-Sized Enterprises — Framework Development Based on a Systematic Review of the Literature From Two Decades
Authors: Meier Andrea
Published: May 2022

There is a special need for a thorough examination of impacts of digitalization on small- and medium-sized enterprises due to their characteristic features. This paper aims to present a detailed picture of the current knowledge through a systematic literature review spanning across two decades and 99 journal contributions. The study results indicate a rather fragmented understanding, a lack of in-depth cause-effect analyses, and a prevalence of techno-centric approaches. By clustering the determinants, a perception shift is revealed. Drawing from critical realism the paper also suggests a definition of SME digitalization and conceptualizes a map of the research area where further avenues may be projected on.
Understanding the Mediating Effect of Anchoring Price in Extant Mature 4G and Market-Creating 5G Technology Products
Authors: Shah Sayed Kifayat , Tang Zhongjun
Published: May 2022

This study explores the influence of anchoring price (ANE) on consumer behavior using a quantitative research method. An online survey was piloted, yielding 246 useable responses from 4G and 5G users in China. SmartPLS 3.00 was used to analyze the data, and the assumptions were assessed using the partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The empirical findings reveal that the anchoring price (ANE) component partially mediates the connections between purchase intention (CPI) and behavior (CPB) of 5G technology items. This is the first study to investigate the impact of anchoring price (ANE) on intention–behavior relationships. Manufacturers and marketers of 5G technology goods that want to influence positive changes in consumer behavior should look into the study’s findings and implications.
Facile Aerial Oxidation of Redox Non-innocent Organic Molecules on Silica Surface
Authors: Sengupta Poulami , Mondal Tapan Kumar , Bhattacharya Samaresh
Published: May 2022

Redox non-innocent organic substrates, viz. 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol (3,5-DBC) and 2-aminophenol (2-AP), undergo facile aerial oxidation on silica surface to exclusively afford 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone (3,5-DBQ) and 2-amino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one (APX) respectively.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination of Frequently Touched Objects in Intensive Care Units: Potential Threat of Nosocomial Infections
Authors: Bhatta Dharm Raj , Koirala Sumnima , Baral Abha , Amatya Niroj Man , Parajuli Sulochana , Shrestha Rajani , Hamal Deependra , Nayak Niranjan , Gokhale Shishir
Published: May 2022

Background. Bacterial contamination in intensive care units is an important risk factor associated with increasing incidences of nosocomial infections. This study was conducted to study the bacterial colonization on commonly touched objects of intensive care units and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial isolates. Methods. This study was conducted in different intensive care units of Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A total of 235 swabs were collected from surfaces of bed rails, monitors, door handles, IV stands, telephone sets, nursing stations, medicine trolleys, sphygmomanometers, wash basin taps, dressing drums, stethoscopes, pulse oximeters, ventilators, defibrillators, and stretchers. Isolation, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility tests of the bacteria were performed following standard microbiological techniques. Results. Of 235 samples, bacterial growth was observed in 152 samples. A total of 90 samples of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 235 samples. Most of the sampling sites included in this study were found contaminated with S. aureus. The highest number of S. aureus was cultured from the surface of bed rails. Of the total S. aureus isolates, 54.4% (49/90) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin resistance was detected among 8.1% MRSA isolates (4/49). Acinetobacter species were the commonest Gram-negative bacterial isolate. Conclusion. Bacterial contamination of the objects/instruments of the ICU was recorded to be high. The most common contaminating bacteria were S. aureus with a high percentage of MRSA and emergence of VRSA. Periodic microbiological surveillance, detection of contaminated sites, and effective decontamination methods would minimize the colonization by potential pathogens and their transmission.
Deep Learning-Based CT Imaging to Evaluate the Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Therapy on Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Jiang Guoyong , Ding Jianguang , Ge Chenglu
Published: May 2022

The study was aimed at analyzing the application value of deep learning-based computed tomography (CT) in evaluating the effect of acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Specifically, 124 patients with KOA were selected in the test group (warm acupuncture and moxibustion) and the control group (simple acupuncture), with 62 cases in each group. Deep learning-based CT scanning was performed before and after treatment to compare the Lequesne-Mery, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC), Hospital Special Surgery (HSS), and Knee Society Score (KSS) scores as well as the overall effective rate. The results showed that the trabecular thickness, quantity, bone mineral density (BMD), connection density, structural model index, and articular cartilage thickness were different significantly between the two groups (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the Lequesne-Mery was 4.78, the VAS was 0.87, and the WOMAC score was 14.89 of the test group, which were reduced (

P
<
0.05

). The KSS and HSS scores of the test group were improved significantly after treatment (

P
<
0.05

). The total effective rate of the test group was 85.48%, and that of the control group was 51.61%; the former was significantly higher than the latter (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, acupuncture could improve the clinical effect on KOA patients, and CT scanning under deep learning algorithm could evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture for KOA.
[Retracted] The Dimensional Structure of Tourism Festival and Special Event Innovation and Their Impacts on Tourists’ Behavioral Intentions
Authors: Li Chaojun , He Ping
Published: May 2022

The tourism festival and special event innovation are the important factors influencing the creation of superior value, the achievement of customer loyalty, and profitable growth. Based on the perspective of product supply and consumer demand integration analysis, this paper constructed an integrated model of tourism festival and special event innovation and its impacts on tourists’ behavioral intentions. The basic data was obtained through the tourist survey on Zhangjiajie International Country Music Festival, and the exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were used to empirically test the relationship between various dimensions of tourism festival and special event innovation and their impacts on tourists’ behavioral intentions. The results show the following: (1) tourism festival and special event innovation includes six dimensions of performance, accessibility, self‐service technology, aesthetic environment, tourist community, and loyalty program; (2) performance, self‐service technology, and aesthetic environment have a significant positive impact on overall innovation, while accessibility, tourist community, and loyalty program have no significant impact on overall innovation; and (3) overall innovation has a significant positive impact on tourists’ satisfaction, brand equity, and tourists’ behavioral intentions. Moreover, tourists’ satisfaction and brand equity play a partial intermediary role in the impacts of overall innovation on the tourists’ behavioral intentions. The article concludes with research limitations and future research directions.
Exploring Key Elements and Performance of BIM and VR Technologies in the Project Management of Assembled Buildings
Authors: He Zhi-hong , Liu Tao
Published: May 2022

The construction industry is the material basis for national economic development. Since the reform and opening up, the construction industry in China has been in a state of continuous expansion to promote economic and social development. However, the traditional mode of building construction in China is rather crude, which not only fails to meet the needs of rapid urban development, but also causes serious environmental pollution and resource shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct relevant technological updates and industrial restructuring to solve these problems, so as to achieve sustainable development. With the advantages of energy saving, low carbon, and short construction cycle, assembled buildings have become a new direction for the transformation of the construction industry. However, China’s assembled buildings are still in the promotion stage, and the technical level is relatively backward. Especially in the construction process, there is a lack of management mechanisms adapted to assembled buildings. Hence, some new technologies need to be introduced to promote the development of assembled construction in China. In recent years, with the increasing popularity of assembled construction in China, the technology of assembled construction has also been improving. Also, the interface between assembled construction and modern technology has become more and more obvious. In particular, the application of BIM and VR technologies has been of great help to the development of assembled buildings. To be specific, the combination of these two technologies allows for better control of all aspects of the construction site, thus making the construction project easier to manage. In addition, the application of BIM and VR technologies can not only improve the efficiency of project management, but also improve the quality of construction of assembled buildings, thereby reducing the environmental pollution caused by construction. As a result, the application of BIM and VR technologies has greatly promoted the development of project management of assembled buildings. This paper integrates BIM and VR technologies to study and discuss the key elements and performance of the application of project management for assembled buildings.
Application Research of the
K
-Means Clustering Algorithm in the Construction of Ideological and Political Education Resource Database in Colleges and Universities Based on 5G
Authors: Zhu Guohua , Zhu Guoping , Lv Guangjin
Published: May 2022

With the advance in the social economy, people’s life has undergone great changes, which brings additional enrichment to people’s lives and also greatly enhances their productivity. The changes brought about by this technology also affect people’s thinking. The ideological and political education in colleges and universities has also ushered in an opportunity for change. The goal of this paper is to investigate the implementation of the

K

-means clustering algorithm applied in a 5G-based intellectual and technical teaching database in high schools. The results of the demonstration indicate that 29 students in the laboratory group identified more with the work carried out by the school in administrative and practical teaching than the 16 students in the traditional control group, which met everyone’s needs for growth. The superiority of the

K

-means agglomerative categorization algorithm used for the institution’s educational resource base was verified.
Physical Properties and Color Stainability by Coffee and Red Wine of Opaque and High Translucency Zirconia Dental Ceramics after Hydrothermal Degradation
Authors: Nascimento Oliveira Ana Lúcia , Elias Carlos Nelson , Salomão dos Santos Heraldo Elias , Santos Claudinei dos , de Biasi Ronaldo Sergio
Published: May 2022

The objective was to evaluate the bending strength, phase transformation, roughness, and color stainability by coffee and red wine of opaque and high translucency yttria-stabilized zirconia before and after hydrothermal degradation in saline solution or oral mouthwash. Presintered zirconia blocks with medium opacity (ZrO2-3 mol. % of Y2O3) designed as ZrOp and high translucency zirconia (5.2 mol. % of Y2O3) designed as ZrTrans were used. Specimens (n = 80/group) were cut and sintered at 1500°C for 2 h. The specimens were hydrothermally degraded in an autoclave (134°C–1.8 kg/cm2) for 20 h in saline solution (0.5 g/L) and oral mouthwash solution (0.02% sodium fluoride, without alcohol and with 21.6% alcohol). After hydrothermal degradation, the samples were immersed in containers with coffee or red wine for 14 days to determine their color stainability. The results showed that the ZrOp had a higher bending strength than the ZrTrans before and after hydrothermal aging. In ZrOp and ZrTrans, the roughness increased after hydrothermal degradation. ZrOp samples had a higher Ra roughness than the ZrTrans samples. Roughness did not change after immersion in coffee or red wine. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that ZrOp samples underwent a tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation, while ZrTrans samples were unchanged. Both ZrOp and ZrTrans samples changed color after immersion in coffee and red wine.
Solving Fractional-Order Diffusion Equations in a Plasma and Fluids via a Novel Transform
Authors: Sunthrayuth Pongsakorn , Alyousef Haifa A. , El-Tantawy S. A. , Khan Adnan , Wyal Noorolhuda
Published: May 2022

Motivated by the importance of diffusion equations in many physical situations in general and in plasma physics in particular, therefore, in this study, we try to find some novel solutions to fractional-order diffusion equations to explain many of the ambiguities about the phenomena in plasma physics and many other fields. In this article, we implement two well-known analytical methods for the solution of diffusion equations. We suggest the modified form of homotopy perturbation method and Adomian decomposition methods using Jafari-Yang transform. Furthermore, illustrative examples are introduced to show the accuracy of the proposed methods. It is observed that the proposed method solution has the desire rate of convergence toward the exact solution. The suggested method’s main advantage is less number of calculations. The proposed methods give series form solution which converges quickly towards the exact solution. To show the reliability of the proposed method, we present some graphical representations of the exact and analytical results, which are in strong agreement with each other. The results we showed through graphs and tables for different fractional-order confirm that the results converge towards exact solution as the fractional-order tends towards integer-order. Moreover, it can solve physical problems having fractional order in different areas of applied sciences. Also, the proposed method helps many plasma physicists in modeling several nonlinear structures such as solitons, shocks, and rogue waves in different plasma systems.