bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Psikoanalisis Tokoh Mat Kontan Dalam Naskah Malam Jahanam Karya Motinggo Boesje
Authors: Winiarti Winiarti , Firdaus Sifa Yuha , Nugroho Rudi Adi
Published: July 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan mengungkap kondisi psikologis tokoh utama Mat Kontan dalam naskah drama Malam Jahanam karya Motinggo Boesje. Pendekatan sastra yang digunakan didasarkan pada teori psikoanalisis Sigmund Freud, yaitu mengkaji struktur kepribadian dan mekanisme pertahanan diri. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitik. Peneliti memperoleh data berupa penggalan dialog dari naskah drama Malam Jahanam, lalu memaparkan kondisi psikologis tokoh Mat Kontan dalam bentuk uraian naratif. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, diperoleh hasil Mat Kontan memiliki kondisi psikologis aspek id, ego dan superego yang tidak stabil. Aspek id Mat Kontan terlihat dari pribadinya yang selalu membanggakan anak, istri, dan burung kesayangannya. Mat Kontan memiliki kecenderungan berlebih dalam aspek id terhadap burungnya, sehingga berdampak pada ketidakmampuan mengendalikan ego dan superegonya. Aspek ego Mat Kontan tampak ketika ia tak dapat mengontrol diri saat menghabiskan uang hasil borongan ikannya untuk membeli burung perkutut. Superego yang dimiliki Mat Kontan terlihat ketika ia berniat membunuh orang yang membuat burung kesayangannya mati. Secara mekanisme pertahanan diri, Mat Kontan memiliki aspek rasionalisasi dan reaksi formasi. Mat Kontan menggunakan rasionalisasi kepada Paijah agar kesenangannya terhadap burung dapat diterima. Mat Kontan melakukan reaksi formasi sebagai mekanisme pertahanan ego untuk membunuh Soleman karena telah menimbulkan kecemasan terhadap id yang dimilikinya.
Support, promotion and popularization of reading by the modern Russian professional community
Authors: Lizunova I. V.
Published: July 2024

The turn of the 20th and 21st centuries was the time of formation a new social reality, where books and reading lost their leading positions to new media technologies. The index of media activities for reading on paper continues to decline steadily. The formation processes of a technogenic society in the country as well as digitalization and convergence of media industry, including publishing, bookselling and library complex and mass media in the early 21st century brought a powerful contradiction. On the one hand, serious threats to the existence of books and reading have arisen, but on the other hand, new opportunities for maintaining and enhancing book culture have appeared. Under these conditions, the professional community has taken effective measures to stimulate public interest in books, reading and libraries. It involved interested organizations in this process; developed special programs and projects for the promotion and development of book culture; created special centers at libraries and universities dedicated to the study of modern reading; provided scientific, methodological and practical assistance to libraries. The professional community also organized the largest professional forums and campaigns to attract the public to reading. The purpose of the article is to show how various institutions, centers, government structures and creative unions in Russia support, promote and popularize the reading. This article allow us to get acquainted with the most successful experience of existing and/or newly created organizations and public associations carried out educational, informational and research activities in the field of books and reading.
Kajian tingkat efektivitas pemanfaatan ruang terbuka publik di Kota Jambi
Authors: Dhoifullah Ahmad , Sunarharum Tri Mulyani
Published: July 2024

Ruang publik menjadi salah satu kebutuhan masyarakat perkotaan yang menjadi sarana penunjang dalam melakukan kegiatan. Saat ini belum ada informasi terukur yang menilai keefektifan ruang publik di Kota Jambi dalam mewadahi terjadinya interaksi sosial bagi masyarakat. Dari fenomena tersebut, perlu kajian mengenai efektivitas pemanfaatan ruang publik oleh masyarakat Kota Jambi pada empat taman aktif yang ada di Kota Jambi. Untuk mengkaji tingkat efektivitas ruang publik, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Good Public Space Index menggunakan nilai indeks dari 0 hingga 1. Ruang publik dengan tingkat efektivitas tertinggi yaitu Taman Jomblo yang memiliki indeks sebesar 0,67, sedangkan efektivitas terendah dimiliki oleh Taman Arena Remaja dan Taman PKK The Hok dengan indeks 0,61. Walaupun demikian, keseluruhan taman pada penelitian ini memiliki interpretasi indeks berupa tingkat efektivitas yang tinggi.
Western Sources of Russian neo-Leibnizianism
Authors:   University of Turin, Berdnikova Aleksandra Yu.
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the reception panorama in the context of Russian neo-Leibnizianism concerning the ideas of various Western philosophers from the 19th century. This includes mainly representatives of the “second wave” of German idealism such as A. Trendelenburg, G. Lotze, H. Weisse, I.H. Fichte (junior), H. Ulrici, G.T. Fechner, and J.F. Herbart, as well as French spiritualism with figures like Maine de Biran and Charles Renouvier. The article attempts to reveal and demonstrate the features of these authors’ systems, which often receive little attention in research literature. It also aims to analyze the direct influence of these thinkers’ ideas on the formation and evolution of neo-Leibnizianism as a distinct and original direction within Russian thought during this period. Unlike the Marburg or Baden schools of neo-Kantianism, Russian neo-Leibnizianism had no complete analogues in the West. Studying the ideas of A. Trendeleburg and G. Lotze allows for a restoration of the historical and theoretical context for the development of G. Teichmüller’s thought, who is considered the founder of Russian neo-Leibnizianism. Furthermore, it helps understand why Russian neo-Leibnizism was also referred to as “metaphysical personalism”. The ideas of “speculative theists” H. Weise, I.H. Fichte (junior), and H. Ulrici contribute to a better understanding of the theological component of Russian neo-Leibnizianism, particularly evident in the panpsychism of A.A. Kozlov, S.A. Alekseev (Askoldov) and N.O. Lossky’s thought. The psychological constructions proposed by G.T. Fechner and J.F. Herbart find a response in the works of E.A. Bobrov and other representatives of the Yuriev school. The influence of French spiritualism is most apparent in L.M. Lopatin and P.E. Astafiev. Ultimately, the article demonstrates that the reception of these European philosophers’ ideas by Russian neo-Leibnizianism is equally significant as the reception of Leibniz’s own philosophy.
Towards the Russian Translation of Study of Ātman as It Appears to the Mīmāṃsakas From Tattvasaṃgraha of Śāntarakṣita
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Titlin Lev I.
Published: July 2024

Readers are invited to the translation of the Study of Ātman as it Appears to the Mīmāṃsakas (Mīmāṃsakaparikalpitātmaparīkṣā, section of the chapter Investigation of Ātman (Ātmaparīkṣā) of the treatise Compendium of Essential Questions (Tattvasaṃgraha)), a text written by Śāntarakṣita, an Indian Buddhist philosopher of the 8th century (with a commentary of his student Kamalaśīla (also 8th century)). The text is a refutation of the theory of ātman (self, soul) of the Mīmāṃsakas from the standpoint of Buddhism. The introductory paper contains a summary of the doctrine of ātman in the philosophy of Mīmāṃsa (based on Ślokavārttika of Kumārila Bhaṭṭa, 7th century)), gives a concise overview of the main philosophical problems raised in the text and sets out the key arguments of both polemizing parties. The author touches upon the problem of translating the text and its most important terms, dwells on the question of how the Sanskrit title of Śāntarakṣita's treatise should be understood. The translation offered tries to render the text as close as possible to the original. Unlike other translations, key-terms and terms difficult for translation into Russian are supplied in Sanskrit throughout the text in brackets (in Latin transliteration). The author used the latest translations and studies of the text.
Nadezhda N. Trubnikova. “Collection of Instructions in Ten Sections”: Practical Philosophy in Medieval Japan
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Karelova Lyubov B.
Published: July 2024

Review of “Collection of Instructions in Ten Sections”: Practical Philosophy in Medieval Japan, by Nadezhda N. Trubnikova
Russian civilization in the focus of attention
Authors: Tyugashev Evgeny ,   Independent Researcher
Published: July 2024

The review examines monographs on Russian civilization published in 2022–2024. The authors understand that in the modern world, the concept of Russian civilization has become iconic. Special attention is paid to philosophical and theoretical concepts that interpret the empyria of Russia’s civilizational development from a new angle. When characterizing the specifics of Russian civilization, attention is paid more to the geographical factor than to the ethnic substrate. The article emphasizes the civilizational value of Orthodoxy in the struggle for the identity of Russia and the future of mankind. The authors expand the usual horizons of understanding the phenomenon of civilization by means of a biosphere interpretation of its praphenomenon, differentiation of the infernal and sacred in the civilization development. The interpretation of Crimea as a cultural paradigm of Russian civilization is original. The problems of Russian civilizationistics are the insufficient empirical groundlessness of judgments, the abstract conceptualization of empiricism, the incompleteness of a comparative analysis of Russia with other civilizations, the lack of reflection of cumulativeness and continuity in personal scientific creativity.
USSR as a Civilization through the Eyes of Western Intellectuals (Sidney & Beatrice Webb, Romain Rolland, Lion Feuchtwanger)
Authors: Nikandrov Aleksey ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of analyzing the development of the discourse of Soviet civilization. This discourse was carried out in various works of Western intellectuals who visited the USSR in the 1930s. The author presents his own vision of the context of creation of the analyzed works. It was formed by the events, which in their totality are usually called the “Stalin’s turn of the 1930s”, and reveals the meaning and content of this “turn”. In Romain Rolland’s “Moscow Diary” the image of Joseph Stalin is compared with the figure of Emperor of Rome Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus. Lion Feuchtwanger in his book “Moscow 1937” talks about the impressions that the young Soviet civilization he saw in the USSR made on him. Sidney and Beatrice Webb in their fundamental treatise “Soviet Communism: A New Civilization?” provide a panoramic analysis of Soviet society and state in the 1930s. Using a large material of facts, they substantiate the conclusion that the USSR really represents a new civilization.
The Enigmatic Journey of Black Soldier Fly: Revolutionizing Solid Waste Management
Authors: S Suriya , Khan Akhtar Ali , Veeramani Sadhana , Shiek Showkat Ahmad
Published: July 2024

The rapid urbanization, demographic shifts, and consumer behavior that have resulted in the sector's negative social, economic, and environmental impacts have not only captured the public's attention but also presented municipalities and decision-makers, as well as the general public, with new obstacles to overcome to manage the sector in a way that is both environmentally responsible and economically viable (Diener, 2010). A higher level of life is required due to population growth at such a rapid rate, which greatly increases the production of solid waste, either directly or indirectly. Urban development, economic expansion, and a system's effectiveness in collecting and treating trash are the main determinants of the volume and complexity of waste produced. According to Kaza et al. (2018), global garbage production is predicted to rise from 2 billion tonnes in 2016 to 3.4 billion tonnes in 2050, with Asian and African nations making up the majority of the increase. Inadequate management of organic waste is one of the biggest issues in emerging nations, which could have catastrophic effects on both the environment and anthropogenic activity. Composting is a tried-and-true method for handling organic waste that can drastically cut down on trash generation. The efficacy of composting can be enhanced by the conversion of organic waste using saprophage (CORS) systems, which feed organisms (saprophages) with decomposing organic waste. As organic waste converters, theHermetia illucensLinnaeus (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) black soldier fly (BSF) has been introduced. Researchers have concentrated on a BSF-based technique for treating organic waste that is very new (Zurbrugget al., 2018). BSF larvae (BSFL) eat organic-rich waste such as food scraps, agro-industrial byproducts, and dairy manure voraciously (Nguyen et al., 2015; Meneguz et al., 2018). As a result, the nutrients in BSFL can be transformed into crucial proteins and lipids needed in animal feed (Liu et al., 2017), filling the gap left by the scarcity of conventional animal feed, whose cost has been rising over time. The waste from the BSFL bioconversion process can also be applied as fertilizer (Xiao et al., 2018).
SIRT6-dependent functional switch via K494 modifications of RE-1 Silencing Transcription factor
Authors: Toiber Debra , Zaretsky Adam , Venzor Alfredo Garcia , Eremenko Ekaterina , Stein Daniel , Smirnov Dmitrii , Rabuah Yuval , Dryer Rebecca , Einav Monica , Kriukov Dmitrii , Khrameeva Ekaterina
Published: July 2024

RE-1 Silencing Transcription factor (REST) is a key repressor of neural genes. REST is upregulated under stress signals, aging and neurodegenerative diseases, but although it is upregulated, it loses its function in Alzheimer's Disease. However, why it becomes inactive remains unclear. Here, we show that the NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT6 regulates REST expression, location and activity. In SIRT6 absence, REST is overexpressed but mislocalized, and loses part of its activity, becoming toxic. SIRT6 deficiency abrogates REST and EZH2 interaction, perturbs its location to heterochromatin Lamin B ring, and leads to REST target gene overexpression. SIRT6 reintroduction or REST methyl-mimic K494M expression rescues this phenotype, while an acetyl-mimic mutant loses its function even in WT cells. Our studies define a novel regulatory switch, where the function of a critical repressor is regulated by post-translational modifications on K494, depending on SIRT6 existence and, in turn, modulating neuronal gene expression.
Allocation of Carbon Emission Quotas and Legislative Enlightenment for Waterborne Transportation: A Study of 17 Provinces in China
Authors: Wang Chong , Ling Jingru , Fang Yixi , Sun Jiabao , Chen Shi , Xin Yanbin
Published: July 2024

In order to achieve sustainable development of the socio-ecological system, allocating carbon quotas has become one of the key approaches to achieving carbon emission reduction goals. As one of the primary modes of transportation, waterborne shipping is increasingly drawing attention from the international community due to its carbon emissions. Many countries have gradually established comprehensive frameworks for carbon emission management and carbon markets. However, their carbon quota allocation systems remain imperfect. Quantitative research findings indicate the necessity of evaluating carbon quota allocation from both regional and sectoral perspectives to ensure sustainability and profitability in waterborne transportation while significantly reducing carbon emissions. Clear legal regulations are needed to define the quantity of carbon quotas. This study suggests that a hybrid allocation method should be adopted to impose quota restrictions on carbon emissions in waterborne transportation processes. Furthermore, it is imperative to emphasize the hybrid approach as the primary means of balancing between free allocation and auctioning, thereby establishing a fair quota allocation system.
Bio-inspired Thin-Walled Energy Absorber Adapted from the Xylem Structure for Enhanced Vehicle Safety
Authors: Saber Ahmed , Güler Mehmet Ali , Altin Murat , Acar Erdem
Published: July 2024

Throughout evolution, plants and animals have optimized their structure to thrive in a wide range of extreme environments, offering natural structures with both low mass and high energy absorption capacities. Vascular plants have developed a specialized tissue known as the Xylem, which offers structural support and facilitates the transport of water, mineral nutrients, and signals throughout the plant. This study aims to enhance the crashworthiness of vehicles by adapting the Xylem structure to design an effective bioinspired thin-walled structure. Several different crash tube configurations are considered first and their crashworthiness performances are assessed based on two different metrics: specific energy absorption , and crush force efficiency , which are determined by using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software LS-DYNA. Then, the crash tube configuration with the best performance is chosen for further investigation. A surrogate-based optimization study is performed, and it is found that and are improved by 151% and 113% compared to an empty circular thin-walled crash tube. Furthermore, the simplified super folding element theory has been used for building a theoretical model that predicts the mean crushing force of the Xylem-mimicking structure. The simulation results and calculated values show a strong agreement, indicating that the proposed theoretical model is of high accuracy.
Crashworthiness analysis of new dendritic fractal corrugated tube under axial impacts
Authors: xie Zhaoping , Deng Xiaolin , cai zhenzhen , chen Yuwen
Published: July 2024

This paper inspired by the macrostructures and microstructures of the lotus leaf, introduces a novel dendritic fractal corrugated tube (DFCT), distinct from conventional fractal multicellular circular tubes(MCT), featuring on outer wall has evolved into a corrugated shapes that resembles the contour of a lotus leaf. A comprehensive investigation into the energy absorption characteristics of this corrugated tube under axial impact is conducted through numerical simulation. A parametric study of the structure shows that: When the number of ripples N = 6, ordinal number n = 1, the DFCT maximum specifc energy absorption (SEA) and crush force efciency (CFE) are 21.56% and 14.02% higher than those of a circular multicellular tube, respectively. When N = 12, ordinal number n = 2, the DFCT highest values of SEA and CFE were 22.87% and 8.23% higher than those of the multicellular circular tubes, respectively. Subsequently, the deformation model diagram of the structure is analyzed and obtained. This study provides a new idea for developing new thin-walled tube as well as designing more effective energy absorption structures.
Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Groundwater in the Mutoshi Mining Environment in Kolwezi (Lualaba, DR Congo)
Authors: Tshanga Matthieu Matthieu , Ilunga Nkulu , Dibay Chiyaz , Mashauri Faidance , Mashala Pierre
Published: July 2024

This study examines the physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater in the Mutoshi mining environment in Kolwezi, Democratic Republic of Congo. The adopted methodology involved collecting samples from geological formations and groundwater in the study area. Rocks were analyzed to determine concentrations of major and trace elements, while detailed physico-chemical parameter analyses were conducted on groundwater samples. The results highlight high concentrations of Cu, Co, Mn, Fe, Mg, and Al in the rocks. Groundwater also exhibits concentrations of Cu, Mn, Fe, and Al exceeding the WHO's drinking water standards, raising concerns about the quality of water for human consumption. Hydrochemical classification of the waters, performed using the Piper diagram, revealed two distinct hydrofacies. Calcium-magnesium bicarbonate waters dominate in most samples, while sodium-potassium bicarbonate waters are also present. Processes influencing groundwater mineralization include dissolution of carbonate, clay, and evaporite minerals. These findings underscore the importance of understanding these processes to adequately assess and manage groundwater quality in the Mutoshi region.
Evaluation of the Effects of Chemical Exposure on Pulmonary Function and Blood Component: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Ghasemi Neda , Najafipour Amirmohamad , Yaghoubnejad Neda , Zare Ramin , Ghasemi Morteza
Published: July 2024

Employees working in various sections of the hospital are inevitably exposed to toxic gases. Chronic exposure to these gases increases the risk of occupational diseases. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impact of chemical exposure on pulmonary and blood parameters. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 in a hospital located in the Tehran with a sample size of 110 participants. In this study, OSHA 103, NIOSH 1501, OSHA 101, NIOSH 7901, and NIOSH 3500 were used to determine the exposure levels of isoflurane, BTEX, formaldehyde, nitric acid, and chlorine compounds, respectively. Respiratory symptom history was obtained using the American Thoracic Society Questionnaire (ATSQ). In addition, lung function was determined by spirometry tests, while blood samples were taken to analyze the participants’ blood factors. The results of the present study showed that the average occupational exposure of staff in the operating room and pathology laboratory during 8 hours was 0.16 for formaldehyde and 6.1 for isoflurane, both of which were above the ACGIH recommended occupational exposure level (OEL). All other chemicals were reported to be lower than the recommended limits. Analysis of spirometry test results and blood factors in both the control and case groups revealed a correlation between the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and elevated liver enzymes in employees exposed to formaldehyde and isoflurane. The results indicated a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms and liver enzyme disorders in individuals exposed to isoflurane and formaldehyde compared to the control group. Furthermore, a significant difference was found in pulmonary function tests and liver enzyme levels in the blood of subjects exposed to the control group. It is recommended that people working in the operating room and pathology laboratory must apply the engineering and management methods of occupational health and safety and use personal protective equipment due to exposure to impermissible levels of isoflurane and formaldehyde.
A comparison of myopia control in children with orthokeratology, defocus-incorporated multiple segment lenses (DIMS) spectacles, Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact (DISK) lenses, and single-vision spectacles for 12 months
Authors: Zhou Lei , Qiu Kaikai , Wu XiaoLan , Xu FengE
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of orthokeratology, defocus-incorporated multiple segment lenses (DIMS) spectacles, defocus incorporated soft contact (DISK) lens, and single-vision spectacles (SVS) on myopia control over 12 months in one clinical center.
METHODS: The study was a non-randomized experimenter-masked prospective controlled study of individuals aged 8~12 years with progressing myopia but no ocular pathology. Participants were allocated, according to patients/parents’ choice, to receive DIMS (Hoya® MiyoSmart®) spectacles, DISK (Defocus Incorporated Soft Contact) lenses, orthokeratology or SVS (control group). The key outcome variables, axial length (AL) and cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) were measured at baseline and after 3, 6, 9and 12 months.
RESULTS: Among the 103 children who were eligible, 90 (87.39%) children attended the baseline examination and 70 (77.78%) were analyzed (SVS: n = 14; DIMS: n = 13; DISC: n = 20; Orthokeratology: n = 25). At the 12- month mark, the mean changes in AL were 0.49 ± 0.20 mm, 0.25 ± 0.11 mm, 0.19 ± 0.26 mm and 0.21 ± 0.20 mm in SVS, DIMS, DISC and Orthokeratology group, respectively (P = 0.001, ANOVA); And the mean changes in SER after the same 12 months were −1.00 ± 0.33D, −0.36 ± 0.62D, and −0.37 ± 0.48D (p < 0.001) in SVS, DIMS and DISC group, respectively (p = 0.001, ANOVA).
CONCLUSIONS: DISC, orthokeratology, DIMS had similar efficacy of myopia control in children.
Registered Code:MR-33-22-012252
Improvement of soil organic carbon turnover and microbial community niche differentiation with the addition of commercial organic fertilizer in wheat–green manure systems
Authors: Cheng Liyang , He Hao , Min Tao , Luo Tong , Li Junhua
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims
Green manure and commercial organic fertilizer are widely used in agricultural production to improve farmland soil carbon reserves; however, their combined impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover is not yet fully understood.
Methods
We designed a potted wheat-soybean green manure system to investigate the impact of different fertilization treatments on SOC content and structure, extracellular enzyme activity community characteristics of fungi and bacteria after wheat harvest in 2021 and 2022.
Results
The results indicated that compared to chemical fertilization (CF), following the addition of soybean green manure, organic fertilization (OF) led to a 12.5% increase in SOC content, 19.3% increase in the highly active organic carbon (HAOC) fraction and 10.2% increase in the recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) fraction. Additionally, there was a 16.1% increase in the alkyl-C to O-alkyl-C ratio and a 63.4% decrease in aliphatic C to aromatic C ratio. Significant increases were observed in the contents of extracellular enzyme, soil total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, microbial carbon and microbial nitrogen. The abundance of observed species of fungi and bacteria significantly decreased in OF compared with that in CF, with the symbiotic network indicating a higher level of positive interaction between fungi and bacteria in OF.
Conclusion
OF primarily altered soil enzyme activity by influencing soil nutrient contents, resulting in the decomposition of labile organic carbon and an increase in microbial residue biomass, without affecting ROC formation or humification degree. These findings can maximise SOC content in organic agriculture through land use and fertilization techniques.
The Relationship between Missed Nursing Care and Job Burnout in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Shabani Shahin , Ghasemi Shahnaz Salawati , Azadnia Arian , Sheikhzakaryaee Neda
Published: July 2024

Background Providing quality nursing care in intensive care units is a crucial and vital component of hospital services. Conversely, the stress and workload in these environments put nurses at risk of job burnout. This study aimed to examine the relationship between missed nursing care and job burnout among nurses in intensive care units. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using a census sampling method on 200 nurses working in the intensive care units of teaching hospitals at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The data were collected using demographic information forms. The Kalisch Missed Nursing Care Questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Descriptive and analytical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 24. Results In this study, the mean score of missed nursing care was 35.29 ± 9.43. Additionally, a moderate level of job burnout among nurses was found with a mean score of 42.54 ± 17.22. The results indicated a significant relationship between missed nursing care and the gender and economic status of the nurses (P < 0.05). Furthermore, missed nursing care was significantly related to job burnout and its dimensions, including depersonalization and personal accomplishment (P < 0.05). Conclusion Based on these findings, to enhance the quality of healthcare services in intensive care units, measures should be taken to reduce missed nursing care and job burnout among nurses in these units.
A Novel NIR Fluorescent Probe for Rapid Response to Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Lv Xiaoci , Xie Yu , Li Heping
Published: July 2024

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as an important small molecule bioregulator, plays a key role in many physiological activities and signaling, and abnormal fluctuations in H2S concentration can lead to a variety of diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a near-infrared fluorescence probe to visualize fluctuations in H2S levels. This work is based on Sulfur-substituted dicyanomethylene-4H-chromene (DCM), A novel NIR fluorescent probe (E) -3 - (2 - (4 - (dicyanomethylene) -6-methyl-4H-Thiochromen-2-yl)vinyl-1-methylquinolin-1-ium (DMT) was synthesized successfully. Research has found that in weakly alkaline environments, the probe DMT reacts rapidly with H2S (only 10 s), the fluorescence intensity at 684 nm is enhanced by about 60 fold, the detection limit is as low as 0.1623 µM, the Stokes shift is large (94 nm), and strong selectivity as well as anti-interference ability towards H2S. This will provide a new method for the rapid detection and further application of H2S.
A Tutorial for Integrating Generative AI in Mixed Methods Data Analysis
Authors: Combrinck Celeste
Published: July 2024

The current article used real data to demonstrate the analysis and synthesis of Mixed Methods Research (MMR) data with generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI). I explore how reliable and valid Gen AI data outputs are and how to improve their use. The current content is geared towards enhancing methodological application regardless of field or discipline and includes access to a prompt library and examples of using outputs. The demonstration data used emanated from a study done in South Africa, with a quantitative sample size of 969 first-year engineering students and, for the qualitative part, 14 second-year students. In the current article, I compare my original analysis to ChatGPT results. Generative AI as a mind tool is best used with human insight, and I found this to be especially true when coding qualitative data. ChatGPT produced generic codes if asked to do inductive coding, and the results improved when training the Gen AI on human examples, which led to moderate and significant correlations between human and machine coding. The quantitative analysis was accurate for the descriptive statistics, but the researcher had to use best judgment to select the correct inferential analysis. Quantitative and qualitative analysis should be conducted separately in generative AI before asking the Chatbot for help with mixed methods results. In the current paper, I give guidelines and a tutorial on how to use chatbots in an ethically responsible and scientifically sound manner for research in social and human sciences.
Inverse-designed ultra-compact passive phase shifters for high-performance beam steering
Authors: Fu Tianyang , Chu Mengfan , Yan Xin , Yuan Xueguang , Zhang Yang’An , Zhang Jinnan , Zhang Xia
Published: July 2024

Ultra-compact passive phase shifters are inversely designed by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. The wavelength-dependent phase difference between two output beams is originated from the different distance of the input light passing through the 4 µm×3.2 µm rectangular waveguide with random-distributed air-hole arrays. As the wavelength changes from 1535 to 1565 nm, a phase difference tuning range of 6.26 rad and 6.95 rad is obtained for TE and TM mode, respectively. Compared with the array waveguide grating counterpart, the phase shifters exhibit higher transmission and lower excess loss, with a much smaller footprint. By combining the inverse-designed phase shifter and random-grating emitter together, integrated beam steering structures are built, which show a large scanning range of ± 25.47° and ± 27.85° in lateral direction for TE and TM mode, respectively. This work may pave the way for the development of ultra-compact high-performance optical phased array LiDARs.
Reference intervals of novel thrombus markers in healthy older Chinese adults
Authors: Zhang Lei , Chen Yiming , Hu Rong , Chen Hua , Peng Xu , Yuan Hui
Published: July 2024

Objective
To explore the distribution of thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-α2-antiplasmin complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue plasminogen activator-inhibitor complex (t-PAIC) in healthy older Chinese adults, and establish the reference intervals (RIs).
Methods
The plasma concentrations of TAT, PIC, TM, and t-PAIC were measured in 1628 adults ≥ 60 years old; the RIs were established with the 2.5th and 97.5th percentile of the distribution.
Results
TAT levels in males of all ages were lower than those in females. Differences between the ages of 60–79 and ≥ 80 in both sex groups were statistically significant, with an upward trend with age. There was no difference in PIC levels between sex groups. There were differences in all age groups within the two sex groups; the trend increased with age. TM levels did not differ between the sex groups, with little fluctuation with age. The level in females aged 60–69 was slightly higher than that in the other groups; the difference was statistically significant. T-PAIC levels were not significantly different between the sex groups, with less fluctuation with sex and age. The level in males ≥ 80 years old was slightly lower than that in the other groups; the difference was statistically significant. The RIs for all markers in healthy older Chinese adults were determined and statistically reported by age and sex.
Conclusions
Discrepancies exist in novel thrombus markers among different sex and age groups. The RIs of TAT, PIC, TM and t-PAIC for healthy older Chinese adults were successfully established.
Range expansion of the invasive hybrid cattail Typha x glauca exceeds that of its maternal plant T. angustifolia in the western Prairie Pothole Region of North America
Authors: Joyee Sanjuti Deb , Dorken Marcel , Freeland Joanna
Published: July 2024

Wetlands around the world face unprecedented threats, including from invasive species. In North America, the invasive cattail hybrid Typha x glauca dominates wetlands around the Laurentian Great Lakes, and more recently was found in high abundance across the central and eastern Prairie Pothole Region, an area that includes one of the world’s largest wetland complexes. Surveys of the Typha hybrid zone have so far been largely conducted in areas where hybrids are well established, and it therefore remains unclear whether the range expansion of this invasive hybrid occurs after the establishment of its maternal species, T. angustifolia. We surveyed 50 wetlands in the western PPR, and found that while 75% of plants were native T. latifolia, the second most common group was F1 hybrids: these had greater abundance and occupancy than T. angustifolia despite the fact that T. angustifolia produces relatively few hybrid seeds, and therefore highlights the importance of long-distance dispersal for this hybrid range expansion. The distribution of hybrids combined with the paucity of non-F1 hybrids suggests that the western PPR represents a leading edge of the range expansion by invasive T. x glauca. Our results show that T. x glauca has the capacity for continued range expansion that does not rely on the presence of T. angustifolia, and the impacts of this range expansion should be monitored because of its potential to impede ecosystem services and reduce local biodiversity.
A BiFPN-SECA Detection Network for Foreign Objects on Top of Railway Freight Vehicles
Authors: Liu Sheng , Yang Yiqing , Cao Ting , Zhu Yi
Published: July 2024

Foreign object detection on top of railway freight vehicles is critical to ensuring the safety and efficiency railway transportation. However, this task faces major challenges such as low accuracy and potential false positives and false negatives. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a novel BiFPN-SECA Network, Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network with Squeeze-and-Excitation Channel Attention, which integrates an attention mechanism combining contextual features and coordinate information. This innovative approach improves detection performance by effectively capturing and emphasizing key features. The ordinary convolutional layers in the coordinate attention mechanism are improved in SEnet to increase the attention to the regions of interest. Second, an improved coordinate attention mechanism module is embedded before the BiFPN sampling layer and after the backbone output layer to enhance key feature extraction. In addition, a dataset of foreign objects in railway freight vehicles was established, including bag, stone and torn. Experimental results verify that the BiFPN-SECA Network is able to improve detection accuracy, with an accuracy of 94.57$\%$, demonstrating its potential to significantly enhance the safety and reliability of railway freight.
DFT Study of Charge Transfer Complexes Between Norfloxacin and Ciprofloxacin Drugs with Picric Acid and 3,5-Dinitrobenzoic Acid Acceptors
Authors: hadigheh-rezvan Vahideh , Salehzadeh Jaber
Published: July 2024

This work reports density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the molecular structures, electronic distribution, electric moments, thermodynamic parameters, molecular electrostatic map, nonlinear optical activity, and UV-vis and IR spectroscopy analysis of charge transfer complexes between norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin, as electron-donors and π-electron-acceptors, namely picric acid and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, formed in the gas phase at the B3LYP/6-311‏‏G (d,p) method/basis sets. Good correspondence was generally obtained between the calculated parameters and the experimental ones.
Exosome-derived circ-001422 promote tumor-associated macrophage M2 polarization to accelerate the progression of glioma
Authors: Shan Lei , Cao Wenpeng , Zeng Zhirui , Sun JianFei , Chen Yunhua , Kuang FaGuang , Luo Shipeng , Lan Jinzhi
Published: July 2024

Cytokines, tumor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages play crucial roles in the composition of glioma tissue. Studies have demonstrated that certain cytokines can induce M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages and contribute to the progression of glioma. Nonetheless, the intricate molecular interactions among cytokines, glioma cells, and tumor-associated macrophages remain largely unexplored. To investigate this cross-talk, a combination of RNA-sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, immunoprecipitation, exosome isolation, and biological experiments were employed. Treatment with IL-6 significantly increased circ-001422 expression in glioma cells. A poorer prognosis was associated with elevated levels of circ-001422 in glioma tissues. Circ-001422 was transcribed directly by STAT3 through binding to its promoter. Co-culturing macrophages with glioma cells knockdown of circ-001422 significantly reduced cell proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, glioma cells were found to transfer circ-001422 to macrophages via an exosomal pathway, promoting M2 polarization. Mechanically, circ-001422 interacted with p300, resulting in STAT3 acetylation, thus promoting nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of STAT3/NF-κB and M2 macrophage polarization. In conclusion, glioma cells released exosomes enriched with circ-001422, which in turn induce M2 macrophage polarization by activating the STAT3/NF-κB pathway, thereby enhancing the aggressive characteristics of glioma cells. Targeting circ-001422 may represent a potential therapeutic approach for glioma.
Material Defects Characterized by Trees
Authors: Miao Yanan , Li Yong , Yao Jinshuai , Li Qizhuang , Di Yaao , Liu Xunchen , Han Shanling , Chen Long
Published: July 2024

The detailed characterization of defects, including cracks, in materials has posed a significant challenge in the field of solid mechanics. Currently, irregularly shaped defects that cannot be accurately described using Euclidean geometry are often simplified into shapes such as thin strips and ellipses, which limits their comprehensive characterization. In this study, we propose a novel approach utilizing non-Euclidean trees to characterize various defect details by skeletonizing them into tree structures and constructing their heterogeneous tensors. By employing image processing skeleton algorithms, we introduce the concept of "skeletonized trees" as a new way to characterize defects. Furthermore, we establish the "tree heterogeneous tensor," which incorporates parameters such as diameter, aspect ratio, fractal dimension, centrality, and minimum radius of curvature to represent the properties of defects through node and edge representations within the skeletonized trees. We also introduce for the first time a similarity criterion for single defects in 3D printing and develop the rigidity degradation index equation for determining the maximum parameter weightage of the tree heterogeneous tensor- aspect ratio and centrality. The utilization of skeletonized trees allows for closer representation of defect details related to material degradation while providing a theoretical foundation for understanding damage mechanisms and enhancing model generalization capabilities.
Functional and Postoperative Outcomes in Ileal Pouch- Anal Anastomosis in Patients with a Neurological Disease
Authors: Schabl Lukas , Holubar Stefan D. , Erozkan Kamil , Alipouriani Ali , Steele Scott R. , Spivak Anna R.
Published: July 2024

Introduction
Patients with multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease may experience pelvic floor dysfunction and constipation which can affect ileoanal pouch emptying. This can lead to complications such as pouchitis, pouch dysfunction, and failure. We hypothesized that patients with neurological diseases have a higher rate of pouch failure and complications than healthy controls.
Methods
Data were sourced from the institutional ileoanal pouch database. Patients with multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease, diagnosed before or after pouch construction, were matched to a control group of patients without neurological disease using propensity score-optimal matching. Demographics, postoperative and functional outcomes, and quality of life were analyzed.
Results
Twenty-six patients (38%) with multiple sclerosis and 16 (62%) with Parkinson's disease were matched with 42 healthy controls. The overall median age was 39 years, median BMI was 25.3 kg/m2, and most patients were female (61.9%). Preoperative colorectal diagnoses included ulcerative colitis (83.3%), indeterminate colitis (9.5%), and Crohn's disease (7.1%). Patients with neurological diseases had higher ASA scores (class III, 57.1% vs. 21.4%; p<0.01), fewer nocturnal bowel movements (median 0 vs. 2; p<0.001), fewer bowel movements over 24 h (median 6 vs. 8; p=0.01), and were less likely to recommend IPAA construction (72.7% vs. 97%; p=0.01) than the controls. Other surgical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes were similar.
Conclusion
Patients with multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease differed in pouch function compared with healthy controls. Such patients should be counselled that their pouch function may be impaired. The rate of pouch failure was similar, showing its feasibility despite multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease.
Obesity Development in Rats Exposed to Traffic-Induced Air Pollution and Forced Exercise
Authors: Ayşin Nesrullah , Özsoy Süheyla Altuğ , Huyut Zübeyir
Published: July 2024

Background
The World Health Organization ranks air pollution and obesity among the top ten threats to human health. Recently, emerging evidence suggests that exposure to ambient air pollution may be linked to the development of obesity.
Aim
The aim of this study is to provide scientific evidence for the investigation of obesity development in rats exposed to traffic-induced air pollution and forced exercise.
Methods
Written permission was obtained from the Local Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments to conduct the study. The experimental setup was created to represent a realistic exposure as much as possible to create traffic-induced air pollution. Furthermore, a treadmill suitable for six rats to run comfortably at a time was provided. The study was conducted as a randomized controlled experimental research design. 48 healthy Wistar Albino female rats aged 10–12 weeks and weighing 180–195 g were used in the study. The rats were randomly divided into six groups (Control group, EG (4 hours), EG (2 hours), E (30 min), EG (4 hours) + E (30 min), EG (2 hours) + E (30 min)), each with eight rats. The average feed intake of each group was recorded daily during the experimental treatments. Each week, body weights were recorded using a precision weighing scale, and height was recorded by measuring the distance between the nose and anus. After the experimental treatments (60th day), all rats were injected with 90 mg/kg ketamine i.p. and sacrificed. Abdominal fat was isolated, and BMI was calculated.
Results
At the end of the experiment, it was detected that there was a significant increase in body weights, feed consumption, BMI, Lee index, and VAI in the groups exposed only to exhaust gas compared to the control group (p < 0.001), and a significant decrease in body weights, BMI, Lee index and VAI in the groups that were forced to exercise after exhaust gas exposure compared to the groups exposed only to exhaust gas (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
It was revealed that there is clear and substantial evidence for a link between traffic-induced air pollution and the development of overweight/obesity, while exercise prevents the development of obesity by reducing the effects of air pollution exposure. Further research on exposure duration, threshold dose range, and gender-specific differences associated with air pollution is needed to confirm our findings, as well as research on the efficacy of precise interventions and measures for obesity prevention.
Enhanced Catalytic Conversion of Ortho-Hydrogen to Para-Hydrogen by using Iron- Cobalt Bimetallic Catalysts
Authors: Yang Liujing , Li Xinbao , Sun Kai , Zheng Xiaoling , Chen Ying
Published: July 2024

The catalytic conversion of ortho-hydrogen (o-H2) to para-hydrogen (p-H2) serves as a crucial step in the storage of liquid hydrogen over extended periods. A variety of iron-cobalt catalysts were synthesized using a precipitation technique, incorporating diverse levels of Co doping into Fe-based catalysts. The effects of Co doping on the crystal structure, porosity, and magnetism of FCO were examined through XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, XPS, and VSM analyses. The efficacy of ortho-para hydrogen conversion within FCO at 77 K was analyzed using chromatography. Findings revealed that Co doping enhances the material’s lag coefficient, leading to an increase in active sites and larger magnetic moments. Notably, FCO-5 [n(Fe)/n(Fe + Co) = 0.5] exhibited the most efficient ortho-para hydrogen conversion performance. Specifically, at GHSV = 5400 h− 1, FCO-5 achieved a reaction rate constant of 291.7 mol·L− 1·s− 1, a conversion rate of 99.24%, and a post-conversion p-H2 content of 49.7%.