bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo retrospectivo de valores de glicemia capilar em pacientes de pós operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: desfechos clínicos, complicações pós-operatórias, tempo de internação e incidência de infecções
Authors: Maia Zica Letícia , Luiza Antony Gomes de Matos da Costa e Silva Ana , Garrison Dytz Márcio
Published: February 2024

Pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas passam por alto estresse metabólico nopós-operatório, sendo necessária a monitorização destes pacientes. Diversas sociedadesrecomendam alvos glicêmicos a serem alcançados durante a internação para redução de taisriscos no perioperatório. A presente pesquisa buscou observar diferenças e comparativosentre pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas, que foram submetidos ao protocolode controle glicêmico na Unidade de Dor Torácica (UDT) Instituto de Cardiologia eTransplante do DF (ICTDF), visando comparar desfechos clínicos de infecção e tempo deinternação, em pacientes diabéticos e não diabéticos, e sua relação com o tempo em queestiveram fora das metas de glicemia, a fim de observar se há diferenças entre controle maisestrito (80-140 mg/dl) e uma meta mais permissiva (70-180 mg/dl), além dos desfechosassociados à incidência de hipoglicemias. Foi realizada análise retrospectiva de valores deglicemia capilares aferidas em pacientes internados na UDT, no pós-operatório cirurgiascardíacas, com ou sem o diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus, nos anos de 2021 e 2022, quereceberam o mesmo protocolo de controle glicêmico. Dos 840 prontuários obtidos, e apósaplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 206 pacientes. Após aanálise dos dados, não houveram diferenças significativas ao comparar pacientes com ousem diabetes mellitus. Entretanto, estabeleceu-se um risco de óbito 14 vezes maior empacientes que apresentaram maior tempo de hipoglicemia 70 mg/dL. Ademais, foi vistoque pacientes fora da meta de 70-180 mg/dL apresentaram 2.2 vezes mais infecção do quepacientes dentro da meta. Em comparação com a meta estrita, nos pacientes que estiverammais tempo fora da meta observou-se 3 vezes mais chance de infecção. Por fim, pacientesque permaneceram por maior tempo dentro do intervalo de 80-140, apresentaram menortempo de internação, fato que não ocorreu na meta mais permissiva. Dessa forma, o estudoesteve em concordância com o estabelecimento de uma meta mais estrita para pacientes empós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca, além de trazer discussões sobre prevenção dehipoglicemias.
Transmissão vertical do HIV e suas medidas de prevenção no Brasil nos últimos 10 anos
Authors: Fernanda Araujo Barbosa Lima Maria , Oliveira Silva Júlia , Castro Phaedra
Published: February 2024

A transmissão vertical (TV) do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) refere-se à passagemdo patógeno da mãe soropositiva para o filho e ela ocorre em três momentos: intrauterino,intraparto e pós-parto respectivamente por infecção transplacentária, contato com secreçõesmaternas e amamentação. Alguns fatores aumentam o risco da TV, entre eles estão níveismais elevados de carga viral materna, a presença de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis nãotratadas, a falta de acesso à terapia antirretroviral (TARV) e a amamentação. O objetivo doatual estudo busca analisar a TV no Brasil ao longo do tempo, caracterizar o perfil dapopulação das diferentes regiões do Brasil em relação à transmissão vertical e avaliar autilização das medidas de prevenção deste tipo de contaminação do HIV no Brasil. Nestapesquisa foi realizada a coleta de dados pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação(SINAN) e por informações do painel de indicadores epidemiológicos do Departamento deCondições Crônicas e Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. O projeto ocorreu entre Outubrode 2022 e Julho de 2023, a partir da análise bibliográfica e da coleta de dados. Os resultadosmostraram que entre 2013 e 2022 houve redução de 92,42% da TV, entretanto, ainda é aprincipal forma de transmissão do vírus em crianças. Dentre todas as regiões do Brasil, oNordeste teve a maior prevalência de TV, contudo, o Sudeste e o Sul são as regiões commenores números de casos ao longo dos anos. Em relação às gestantes soropositivas, notousedificuldade em reduzir a taxa de infecção, visto que houve uma aumento de 9,23% noscasos quando comparados os anos de 2013 e 2021. No que diz respeito à TARV na gestação,houve aumento na TARV experimentada em 17,89%, entretanto, houve redução da TARV nãoiniciada em 2,21% e a não experimentada em 15,68%, demonstrando que o tratamento estásendo iniciado mais precocemente. A dosagem de CD4 nas gestantes com HIV diminuiu entre2013 e 2021 de 33,29% para 18,12%. A quantidade de carga viral periparto aumentou nosvalores menores de 50 cópias/mL e reduziu nos valores maiores e, com isso, menor risco deTV. Ademais, do total de gestantes com HIV nesses anos, 50.251 realizaram recomendaçõesclínicas no 1° trimestre de gestação, orientações as quais são essenciais para prevenir ediminuir as taxas de TV. Dessa forma, a TV do HIV pode ser reduzida através de intervençõespreventivas e terapêuticas eficazes como a utilização adequada da TARV por gestantessoropositivas pode diminuir a carga viral materna e a probabilidade de transmissão para obebê. Além disso, a realização de cesarianas eletivas em casos específicos e o uso de fórmulainfantil são medidas recomendadas para mães com HIV. Portanto, é crucial que osprofissionais de saúde e a população geral estejam conscientes de formas eficazes paraprevenir a TV, tendo em vista que impacta diretamente na criança a na mãe associada adesafios sociais e estigmas, além de ter que conviver com uma doença para o resto da vida.
Pengaruh Debt To Equity Ratio, Return On Assets, Price to Book Value Dan Price Earning Ratio Terhadap Pembagian Dividen Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Samosir Hottua
Published: February 2024

The growth and development of the manufacturing industry which has increased in recent years has made investors interested in investing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Assets, Price to Book Value, and Price Earning Ratio on Dividend Distribution in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population used in this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. By using purposive sampling technique, a research sample of 35 companies was obtained. The results of this study show that partially and simultaneously Return on Assets has an effect on dividend distribution in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.
Metodologi Belajar Mengajar Dalam Studi Islam
Authors: Amelia Dwi Febriana, Khoirunnisa Surbakti Kartini, Zalza Chaidira,
Published: February 2024

Ada kritik terhadap metodologi pengajaran dan pembelajaran studi Islam selama abad yang lalu, terutama yang berfokus pada ketidakmampuan metode untuk secara efektif memenuhi tuntutan dunia modern. Sebagai agama yang dipeluk oleh seperlima dari total populasi, ada persyaratan nyata bagi ujian Islam untuk mengubah sistemnya dan bergerak ke arah untuk menjamin kepentingannya yang konstan dan sebagai reaksi terhadap permintaan yang diterapkan oleh globalisasi dan diperkenalkan oleh inovasi. . Sejak bagian terakhir tahun 1970-an, para peneliti Islam telah benar-benar mengkaji kekecewaan ini dan telah mengusulkan sejumlah besar kegiatan untuk mengatasi kekurangan tersebut. Makalah ini berbicara tentang berbagai pendirian yang diambil oleh para peneliti Islam dalam masalah ini dan mengusulkan cara-cara mengerjakan teknik pendidikan dan pembelajaran ujian Islam.
Tradisi Baca Yasin 41 Di Majelis Sosial Tahfizul Qur’an Kota Medan
Authors: Abidin Zainal
Published: February 2024

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang fenomena pembacaan Yasin 41 yang sering di baca di Majelis Sosial Tahfizul Qur’an (MSTQ) Kota Medan. Lembaga lembaga pendidikan sejenis pesantren non formal yang khusus menjadi tempat pendidikan bagi penghafalan Al-Qur’an ini tidak jarang di datangi oleh masyarakat atau orang yang memiliki hajat tertentu agar di kabulkan atau dimudahkan Tuhan hajat dan keinginannya melalui pembacaan Surat Yasin sebanyak 41 kali oleh para santri Majelis Sosial Tahfizul Qur’an (MSTQ) Kota Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dari segi kajian Living Hadis yang melandasi pembacaan Surat Yasin sebanyak 41 kali tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan observasi dengan para pelaku yang terlibat dengan pembacaan Surat Yasin 41 kali ini, kemudian di klasifikasi dan dianalisis. Dan adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Tradisi membaca Surat Yasin sebanyak 41 kali ini dapat memberikan pengaruh dalam menjalankan rutinitas keseharian masyarakat sehingga, tradisi ini akan tetap ada; (2) Aspek fungsional sosial masyarakatnya adalah : Secara khusus, Tradisi membaca Surat Yasin sebanyak 41 kali dapat bermanfaat bagi individu dengan tujuan untuk memohon kepada Allah agar mengabulkan permintaan dan hajatnya ; Bagi beberapa orang santri secara signifikan akan memberikan pengaruh terhadap kepribadian mereka yang akan istiqomah meminta kepada Allah secara serius dan mereka tidak akan menyimpang dari ajaran agama ; sedangkan bagi Majelis Sosial Tahfizul Qur’an (MSTQ) yang mengadakan pembacaan  Surat Yasin sebanyak 41 kali merupakan ajang silaturahmi dengan masyarakat. Interaksi masyarakat terjalin erat dan dapat berlanjut dalam kehidupan mereka sehari-hari akan tetap terjaga.
Implementasi Penilaian Pembelajaran Fiqih Berbasis E-Assessment Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Mojokerto
Authors: Afnan, Rahmat Akhid
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis (1). perencanaan penilaian pembelajaran fiqih aspek pengetahuan, sikap berbasis E-Assessment di MIN 2 Mojokerto, (2) pelaksanaan penilaian pembelajaran fiqih aspek pengetahuan, sikap berbasis E-Assessment di MIN 2 Mojokerto, (3) pelaporan penilaian pembelajaran fiqih aspek pengetahuan, sikap berbasis E-Assessment di MIN 2 Mojokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian meliputi Petama, Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Ketiga, Pelaporan.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Standar Kecakapan Ubudiyah dan Akhlaqul Karimah (SKUA) Untuk Melatih Keterampirlan Pendidikan Agama Islam Siswa Kelas IV-F di Madrasah Ibitidaiyah Negeri 2 Mojokerto Kabupaten Mojokerto
Authors: Arif, Rahmat Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Pengembangan Bahan ajar ini berdasarkan realita bahwa pendidikan agama Islam di madrasah harus terus bisa mengikuti perkembangan dan kebutuhan siswa dan lingkungan sekitar. Kemudahan dalam mempelajari dan capain target pembelajaran menjadi prioritas dalam rencana pembelajaran. Bahan ajar Standar Kecakapan Ubudiyah dan Akhlaqul Karimah berusaha untuk menjawab tantangan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan prosedur pengembangan bahan ajar Standar Kecakapan Ubudiyah dan Akhlaqul Karimah dalam fungsinya untuk melatih ketrampilan siswa dalam pendidikan agama Islam. Penelitian ini mengambil model pada siswa kelas IV-F di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Mojokerto sebagai eksperimennya. Adapun tahapan dalam pengembangan bahan ajar tesis ini menggunakan model Borg & Gall dengan tahapan 1) Analisis kebutuhan, 2) Perencanaan pengembangan bahan ajar, 3)Pengembangan Bahan Ajar, 4) Validasi Produk, 5) Uji coba kelompok kecil, 6) Uji Lapangan, 7) Analisis hasil uji produk bahan ajar dan Uji lapangan. 8) Tahap revisi produk. Hasil penelitian pengembangan bahan ajar Standar Kecakapan Ubudiyah dan Akhlaqul Karimah ini adalah 1) Telah berhasil menjelaskan dengan detail prosedur pengembangan bahan ajar Standar Kecakapan Ubudiyah dan Akhlaqul Karimah (SKUA), 2) Produk pengembangan ini telah terbukti valid dan dapat meningkatkan capain belajar siswa yang didasarkan pada hasil dari validasi ahli Desaian bahan ajar sebanyak 93%, ahli Bahasa Indonesia sebanyak 92%, ahli materi PAI sebanyak 92%, Sedangkan dari hasil angket siswa didapatkan prosentase sebanyak 95%. Dan berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian dan pengembangan bahan ajar Standar Kecakapan Ubudiyah dan Akhlaqul Karimah (SKUA) mampu mencapai target pendidikan agama Islam di kelas IV-F Madarah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Mojokerto dalam ketrampilan pendidikan agama Islam.
Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak Berbasis Multilitersi di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mojokerto
Authors: Farida Ulvi Na’imah Mahmudah,
Published: February 2024

This research aims to describe the implementation and obstacles in multiliteracy-based learning of moral beliefs at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mojokerto. This research uses qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out by means of observation, interviews and documentation. This research shows the results that multiliteracy-based learning of moral beliefs at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Mojokerto is carried out in three stages, namely planning the implementation of learning which includes preparing lesson plans by adding literacy in learning moral beliefs. Implementation of learning which includes preliminary activities, core activities and closing activities. And learning evaluation which includes knowledge assessment, which is taken from daily assignment assessments, mid-semester assessments and final semester assessments. Skills assessments are taken from observations of daily attitudes and behavior in class and outside of class. As well as assessment of attitudes taken from oral tests, practice, and students' abilities in understanding and exploring the meaning of texts they have read, writing and explaining what they have written. The obstacles in learning moral beliefs are students' lack of interest in literacy and lack of understanding, so they give different responses when learning takes place. However, teachers continue to try to provide motivation as an effort to increase students' interest through literacy programs as a forum for channeling talent in writing, and providing appreciation for teachers and students who excel, in order to attract students' interest in literacy.
Polatuzumab Vedotin (Polivy)
Authors: CADTH
Published: February 2024

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada’s federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses polatuzumab vedotin (Polivy), 30 mg or 140 mg single-use vial, lyophilized powder for solution for IV infusion.

Indication: Polatuzumab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone, indicated for the treatment of adult patients with previously untreated large B-cell lymphoma, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, high-grade B-cell lymphoma, Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified, and T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma.
O GINÁSIO E COLÉGIO TIRADENTES NO CONTEXTO EDUCACIONAL ARACAJUANO (1962-1967)
Authors: Silva Indayane Gomes da , Ferronato Cristiano de Jesus
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta resultados parciais da dissertação de Mestrado em Educação sobre a história do Colégio Tiradentes, em Aracaju-Sergipe, no tempo que funcionou em sua primeira sede localizada na rua Laranjeiras. Este Colégio particular, de caráter não confessional, funcionou nesta primeira sede entre os anos de 1962 a 1967. Ao definirmos esta delimitação temporal da pesquisa consideramos dois momentos como fundamentais para a consolidação da instituição: o ano em que foi inaugurada em 1962, até o ano em que foi transferida para sua segunda sede em 1967. A pesquisa está inserida no campo temático da História da Educação, particularmente, na área da História das Instituições Educacionais e tem como objetivo evidenciar a consolidação do Ginásio e Colégio a partir do contexto educacional de Aracaju na época em que foi inaugurado.
New particle formation induced by anthropogenic–biogenic interactions on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Lai Shiyi , Qi Ximeng , Huang Xin , Lou Sijia , Chi Xuguang , Chen Liangduo , Liu Chong , Liu Yuliang , Yan Chao , Li Mengmeng , Liu Tengyu , Nie Wei , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Petäjä Tuukka , Kulmala Markku , Ding Aijun
Published: February 2024

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) plays a crucial role in the atmospheric aerosol population and has significant implications on climate dynamics, particularly in climate-sensitive zones such as the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, our understanding of NPF on the TP is still limited due to a lack of comprehensive measurements and verified model simulations. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted an integrated study combining comprehensive field measurements and chemical transport modeling to investigate NPF events on the southeastern TP during the pre-monsoon season. NPF was observed to occur frequently on clear-sky days on the southeastern TP, contributing significantly to the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) budget in this region. The observational evidence suggests that highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from monoterpene oxidation participate in the nucleation on the southeastern TP. After updating the monoterpene oxidation chemistry and nucleation schemes in the meteorology–chemistry model, the model well reproduces observed NPF and reveals an extensive occurrence of NPF across the southeastern TP. The dominant nucleation mechanism is the synergistic nucleation of sulfuric acid, ammonia, and HOMs, driven by the transport of anthropogenic precursors from South Asia and the presence of abundant biogenic gases. By investigating the vertical distribution of NPF, we find a significant influence of vertical transport on the southeastern TP. More specifically, strong nucleation near the surface leads to an intense formation of small particles, which are subsequently transported upward. These particles experience enhanced growth to larger sizes in the upper planetary boundary layer (PBL) due to favorable conditions such as lower temperatures and a reduced condensation sink. As the PBL evolves, the particles in larger sizes are brought back to the ground, resulting in a pronounced increase in near-surface particle concentrations. This study highlights the important roles of anthropogenic–biogenic interactions and meteorological dynamics in NPF on the southeastern TP.
Astronomically paced climate and carbon cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis
Authors: Wichern Nina M. A. , Bialik Or M. , Nohl Theresa , Percival Lawrence M. E. , Becker R. Thomas , Kaskes Pim , Claeys Philippe , De Vleeschouwer David
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Repeated carbon isotope excursions and widespread organic-rich shale deposition mark the Middle and Upper Devonian series. Various explanations such as extensive volcanism and land plant evolution have been given for these perturbations and the general sensitivity of the Devonian oceans to the development of anoxia, but their repeated nature suggests that astronomical forcing may have controlled their timing. Here, a cyclostratigraphic study of the Kellwasser Crisis at the Frasnian–Famennian stage boundary (ca. 372 Ma) is carried out. The Kellwasser Crisis was one of the most ecologically impactful of the Devonian perturbations and is ranked among the “Big Five” Phanerozoic mass extinctions. The studied site is the Winsenberg roadcut section in the Rhenish Massif, Germany, which represents a quiet tropical shelf basin setting. Centimetre-scale elemental records, generated by portable X-ray scanning, allow for testing of the hypothesis that a 2.4 Myr eccentricity node preceded the Upper Kellwasser event. The study's results are supportive of this hypothesis. We find enhanced chemical weathering (K2O / Al2O3) during the period leading up to the Upper Kellwasser and a peak in distal detrital input (SiO2 / CaO) and riverine runoff (TiO2 / Al2O3) just prior to the start of the Upper Kellwasser event. We interpret this pattern as the long-term eccentricity minimum facilitating excessive regolith build-up in the absence of strong seasonal contrasts. The Earth's system coming out of this node would have rapidly intensified the hydrological cycle, causing these nutrient-rich regoliths to be eroded and washed away to the oceans, where they resulted in eutrophication and anoxia. An astronomical control on regional climate is observed beyond this single crisis. Wet–dry cycles were paced by 405 kyr eccentricity, with both the Lower and Upper Kellwasser events taking place during comparatively drier times. A precession-sensitive monsoonal climate system prevailed on shorter timescales. Intensification of this monsoonal system following the node may have caused the widespread regolith erosion. We estimate the total duration of the Kellwasser Crisis at ca. 900 kyr, with the individual events lasting for ca. 250 and 100 kyr, respectively. If astronomical control indeed operated via regolith development in monsoonal climates, then land plants may have played an important role. This would not have been through evolutionary steps directly triggering Kellwasser perturbations but by gradually strengthening the climatic response to orbital forcing via soil development – creating soils thick enough to meaningfully respond to orbital forcing – and intensifying the hydrological cycle.
Investigating the vertical extent of the 2023 summer Canadian wildfire impacts with satellite observations
Authors: Zhang Selena , Solomon Susan , Boone Chris D. , Taha Ghassan
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Pyrocumulonimbus clouds (pyroCbs) generated by intense wildfires can serve as a direct pathway for the injection of aerosols and gaseous pollutants into the lower stratosphere, resulting in significant chemical, radiative, and dynamical changes. Canada experienced an extremely severe wildfire season in 2023, with a total area burned that substantially exceeded those of previous events known to have impacted the stratosphere (such as the 2020 Australian fires). This season also had record-high pyroCb activity, which raises the question of whether the 2023 Canadian event resulted in significant stratospheric perturbations. Here, we investigate this anomalous wildfire season using retrievals from two satellite instruments, ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment – Fourier Transform Spectrometer) and OMPS LP (Ozone Mapping and Profile Suite Limb Profiler), to determine the vertical extents of the wildfire smoke along with chemical signatures of biomass burning. These data show that smoke primarily reached the upper troposphere but only a nominal amount managed to penetrate the tropopause. Only one ACE-FTS occultation captured elevated concentrations of biomass burning products in the lower stratosphere on July 30th, and back and forward trajectories place the source fire in the Yukon. However, OMPS LP aerosol measurements indicate that any smoke that made it past the tropopause did not last long enough to significantly perturb stratospheric composition. While this work focuses on Canadian wildfires given the extensive burned area, pyroCbs at other longitudes (e.g. Siberia) are also captured in the compositional analysis. These results highlight that despite the formation of many pyroCbs in major wildfires, those capable of penetrating the tropopause are extremely rare; this in turn means that even a massive area burned is not necessarily an indicator of stratospheric effects.
Brief communication: On the environmental impacts of the 2023 floods in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)
Authors: Arrighi Chiara , Domeneghetti Alessio
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The impacts of floods on environmental assets are often not assessed. In this communication, we reflect on this issue by analysing the reported environmental consequences of the 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods. The information on the environmental impacts is constructed by collecting data from reports, press releases, and interviews in the aftermath of the events. The most frequently reported damage involves water resources and water-related ecosystems, with cultural and supporting ecosystem services particularly affected. Indirect effects in time and space, intrinsic recovery capacity, cascade impacts on socio-economic systems, and the lack of established monitoring activities appear to be the most challenging aspects for future research.
Contribution of satellite sea surface salinity to the estimation of liquid freshwater content in the Beaufort Sea
Authors: Umbert Marta , De Andrés Eva , Sánchez Maria , Gabarró Carolina , Hoareau Nina , González-Gambau Veronica , García-Espriu Aina , Olmedo Estrella , Raj Roshin P. , Xie Jiping , Catany Rafael
Published: February 2024

Abstract. The hydrography of the Arctic Ocean has experienced profound changes over the last 2 decades. The sea ice extent has declined by more than 10 % per decade, and its liquid freshwater content has increased mainly due to glaciers and sea ice melting. Further, new satellite retrievals of sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Arctic might contribute to better characterizing the freshwater changes in cold regions. Ocean salinity and freshwater content are intimately related such that an increase (decrease) in one entails a decrease (increase) in the other. In this work, we evaluate the freshwater content in the Beaufort Gyre using surface salinity measurements from the satellite radiometric mission Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and TOPAZ4b reanalysis salinity at depth, estimating the freshwater content from 2011 to 2019 and validating the results with in situ measurements. The results highlight the underestimation of the freshwater content using reanalysis data in the Beaufort Sea and a clear improvement in the freshwater content estimation when adding satellite sea surface salinity measurements in the mixed layer. The improvements are significant, with up to a 70 % reduction in bias in areas near the ice melting. Our research demonstrates how remotely sensed salinity can assist us in better monitoring the changes in the Arctic freshwater content and understanding key processes related to salinity variations that cause density differences with potential to influence the global circulation system that regulates Earth's climate.
Local forcing mechanisms challenge parameterizations of ocean thermal forcing for Greenland tidewater glaciers
Authors: Hager Alexander O. , Sutherland David A. , Slater Donald A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Frontal ablation has caused 32 %–66 % of Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss since 1972, and despite its importance in driving terminus change, ocean thermal forcing remains crudely incorporated into large-scale ice sheet models. In Greenland, local fjord-scale processes modify the magnitude of thermal forcing at the ice–ocean boundary but are too small scale to be resolved in current global climate models. For example, simulations used in the Ice Sheet Intercomparison Project for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) to predict future ice sheet change rely on the extrapolation of regional ocean water properties into fjords to drive terminus ablation. However, the accuracy of this approach has not previously been tested due to the scarcity of observations in Greenland fjords, as well as the inability of fjord-scale models to realistically incorporate icebergs. By employing the recently developed IceBerg package within the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm), we here evaluate the ability of ocean thermal forcing parameterizations to predict thermal forcing at tidewater glacier termini. This is accomplished through sensitivity experiments using a set of idealized Greenland fjords, each forced with equivalent ocean boundary conditions but with varying tidal amplitudes, subglacial discharge, iceberg coverage, and bathymetry. Our results indicate that the bathymetric obstruction of external water is the primary control on near-glacier thermal forcing, followed by iceberg submarine melting. Despite identical ocean boundary conditions, we find that the simulated fjord processes can modify grounding line thermal forcing by as much as 3 °C, the magnitude of which is largely controlled by the relative depth of bathymetric sills to the Polar Water–Atlantic Water thermocline. However, using a common adjustment for fjord bathymetry we can still predict grounding line thermal forcing within 0.2 °C in our simulations. Finally, we introduce new parameterizations that additionally account for iceberg-driven cooling that can accurately predict interior fjord thermal forcing profiles both in iceberg-laden simulations and in observations from Kangiata Sullua (Ilulissat Icefjord).
Upcycling agricultural byproducts into eco-friendly food packaging
Authors: Oboturova Natalya , Povetkin Sergey , Nikulnikova Natalya , Lazareva Natalia , Klopova Anna , Lyubchanskiy Nikita , Sukhanova Ekaterina , Lebedeva Nadezhda
Published: February 2024

This investigation looks at the transformative potential of upcycling agricultural waste to make ecologically friendly food packaging. Agricultural wastes, which are frequently ignored, might be valuable resources in reversing the sustainable destiny of the packaging sector. We review recent research on plant-based byproducts, including proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, pigments, and minerals, that are isolated from agricultural waste. Creating edible and (bio)degradable packaging solutions that can include biobased active components, including flavorings, antioxidants, and antimicrobials, can begin with these compounds. Utilizing plant fibers from agricultural waste reduces environmental contamination while increasing packing efficiency. The review concentrates on packaging solutions that are good for the environment, like edible coatings and films with antioxidant and antibacterial qualities and active packaging made of phenolic chemicals. These innovations, derived from various foods and agricultural waste, satisfy customer demand for premium foods with longer shelf lives. A practical way to lessen the excessive use of non-biodegradable plastics is to create edible materials, especially in light of the global push for sustainability. These formulations can enhance food packaging performance since they are made from biowastes and biopolymers. Our comprehensive research synthesizes existing knowledge to shed light on the extraction, processing, and application of agricultural byproducts in packaging materials. The broad spectrum includes regulatory systems, processing techniques, biodegradability parameters, and the properties of various byproducts. By providing an all-encompassing viewpoint, this evaluation draws attention to current achievements and indicates avenues for more research and development. It provides a roadmap for the ecologically friendly upcycling of agricultural waste into sustainable food packaging, which helps to shift the packaging industry's paradigm continuously.
ЭНДОСКОПИЧЕСКОЕ ЗАКРЫТИЕ ПЕРФОРАЦИЙ ПЕРЕГОРОДКИ НОСА – НАШ ОПЫТ
Authors: Раковский А. В. , Багдаева С. Ш.
Published: February 2024

Оперативное закрытие перфораций перегородки носа практикуется с самого начала ринохирургии. И надо сказать, что, к сожалению, проблема сохраняет свою актуальность. Лечение перфораций перегородки представляет сложную задачу для хирурга, ведь требует знания анатомии, кровоснабжения данной области, мастерства техники выполнения и максимальной концентрации внимания и выбора правильной техники операции. Каждый случай должен оцениваться индивидуально, а выбор подхода осуществляется в зависимости от размера и расположения перфорации, качества слизистой оболочки, личного анамнеза, предыдущей операции и опыта хирурга. Принято считать, что наибольшая частота возникновения перфорации носовой перегородки связана с перенесенной травмой или оперативным вмешательством, наибольшей частотой расположения отличаются передние отделы перегородки носа. В ряде случаев из-за утраты опорной функции перегородочного хряща происходит деформация наружного носа, остаток носовой перегородки и состояние костно-хрящевой опоры являются определяющими факторами в закрытии перфорации перегородки. Однако большинство пациентов с перфорациями носовой перегородки не отмечают каких-либо клинических проявлений и о наличии этого заболевания у себя узнают во время осмотра отоларингологом.
КАРДИОЦИТОПРОТЕКЦИЯ ВНУТРИКОРОНАРНЫМ ВВЕДЕНИЕМ ЛЕВОКАРНИТИНА ПРИ ЧРЕСКОЖНЫХ КОРОНАРНЫХ ВМЕШАТЕЛЬСТВАХ У ОСТРЫХ КОРОНАРНЫХ БОЛЬНЫХ ВЫСОКОГО РИСКА
Authors: Семиголовский Н. Ю. , Баллюзек М. Ф. , Гуслев А. Б. , Козаев А. В. , Семенова И. Г.
Published: February 2024

В статье обосновывается внутрикоронарное применение левокарнитина с целью кардиоцитопротекции при чрескожных коронарных вмешательствах у пациентов высокого риска и приводятся клинические случаи успешного применения методики при остром коронарном синдроме у пациентов старческого возраста.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО МИОФИБРОЗА ВЕРХНИХ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ГЕНЕРАЛИЗОВАННЫМ ПОЛИОСТЕОАРТРИТОМ
Authors: Улановская Е. В. , Ковшов А. А. , Шилов В. В.
Published: February 2024

Профессиональные заболевания верхних конечностей от физического (функционального) перенапряжения занимают ведущее место в структуре профессиональной заболеваемости, при этом наиболее частым заболеванием является миофиброз. Сочетание профессионального миофиброза с генерализованным полиостеоартритом является наиболее часто встречающимся в практике врача-профпатолога и вызывает сложности при проведении экспертизы связи миофиброза с профессиональной деятельностью.
КАК ПОВЫСИТЬ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ СКЛЕРОТЕРАПИИ: МНЕНИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО СООБЩЕСТВА ФЛЕБОЛОГОВ
Authors: Маркин С. М. , Гришин С. В. , Артемова А. С. , Кравцов П. Ф.
Published: February 2024

Склеротерапия – универсальный метод лечения варикозной болезни, устранения варикозно-расширенных вен, а также косметических изменений сосудов кожи – ретикулярных вен и телангиоэктазов. Однако, несмотря на свою популярность и, казалось бы, техническую простоту, результаты склеротерапии порой неоднозначны. Встречаются сообщения о малой эффективности данной методики и высокой частоте нежелательных явлений. Целью является изучение состояния реальной клинической практики при лечении пациентов с варикозным расширением вен методом склеротерапии. Был осуществлен анонимный опрос 154 членов профессионального сообщества. В опросник вошли 13 вопросов, касающихся особенностей проведения процедуры склеротерапии, встречаемости нежелательных явлений и последующего ведения пациента. Более половины участников нашего опроса в качестве негативных последствий данной процедуры наблюдали развитие гиперпигментации (91,6 %), меттинга (80,0 %) и тромбоза нецелевых вен (52,6 %). На классический вопрос «Что делать?» участники нашего опроса посчитали целесообразным придерживаться введения склерозанта с минимальной скоростью (44,2 % опрошенных), использования комбинации с трансдермальным лазером (33,1 %) и применения минимально рекомендованных концентраций склерозанта (31,8 %).
ОПЫТ ГОДОВОГО ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ МИГРЕНИ МОНОКЛОНАЛЬНЫМИ АНТИТЕЛАМИ В КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ НЕВРОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОТДЕЛЕНИЯ СПБ БОЛЬНИЦЫ РАН
Authors: Гасанова М. Б. , Шишкин А. Б. , Сергеева Т. А.
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматривается целесообразность использования анти-CGRP-моноклональных антител в профилактической терапии мигрени. Использовались данные годового наблюдения пациентов с хронической и эпизодической мигренью. Были включены следующие результаты эффективности и безопасности: изменение количества дней с мигренью в месяц по сравнению с исходным уровнем; ≥50–75 % снижение значений от исходного уровня; снижение влияния мигрени на повседневную активность и трудоспособность пациента (по данным шкал HIT-6, MIDAS).
СПЕЦИФИКА ДЕГРАДАЦИИ КЛЕЕВОГО АДГЕЗИВА VENASEAL И РЕАКТИВНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ВЕНОЗНОЙ СТЕНКИ. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ НА ЖИВОТНЫХ
Authors: Маркин С. М. , Мазайшвили К. В. , Агаларов Р. М. , Густелёв Ю. А. , Артемова А. С. , Кравцов П. Ф.
Published: February 2024

Увеличение количества клеевых облитераций с целью лечения варикозной болезни сопровождается ростом эпизодов реканализации, аллергических реакций, формирования гранулем, требующих хирургического пособия. В то же время особенности реактивных изменений, происходящих в венозной стенке, изучены недостаточно. Судьба клеевого сгустка, оставленного в просвете сосуда, до конца не ясна. Целью данной статьи стало изучение в эксперименте изменений венозной стенки в ответ на контакт с n-бутилцианоакрилатом (VenaSeal), уточнение потенциала клеевого сгустка к биодеградации. Материалы и методы. Хронический эксперимент с участием 15 баранов. На одной из конечностей каждого животного выполнена клеевая облитерация с использованием системы VenaSeal (США). Животные группами выведены из эксперимента на 1, 7 и 100-е сутки с забором целевой вены на гистологическое исследование. Результаты. На 1 сутки отмечается тотальное поражение эндотелия, кристаллизация клеточного сгустка, отсутствие макрофагов и гранулем, в дальнейшем развивается выраженная лейкоцитарная инфильтрация, возникает вал грануляционной ткани. К 100-м суткам отмечается фрагментация клея с захватом частиц гигантскими многоядерными клетками инородных тел. Преобладают процессы канализации сгустка с параллельной фиброзной дегенерацией венозной стенки. Заключение. Изучаемые процессы носят этапный характер. В ранних сроках преобладают токсические влияния, сменяемые поздним реактивным фиброзом венозной стенки. Параллельно происходит биодеградация клеевого сгустка с участием гигантских многоядерных клеток инородных тел.
МАКРОСКОПИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ЗОНЫ БИФУРКАЦИИ ОБЩЕЙ СОННОЙ АРТЕРИИ В ОЦЕНКЕ РИСКОВ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Михайлов И. В.
Published: February 2024

В статье анализируются макроскопические наблюдения по особенностям структуры препаратов, полученных при операциях каротидная эндартерэктомия. Определяется связь между выявленными признаками и рисками хирургических вмешательств в данной области.
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) Materi Virus Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Di SMA
Authors: Sari Bunga Nilam , Haryono Agus , Sudyana I Nyoman , Miranda Yula
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) berbasis Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk  meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa berdasarkan karakteristik LKS serta respon siswa dan respon guru terhadap produk LKS berbasis PBL yang dikembangkan. Tempat penelitian di SMAS PGRI 2 di Sampit kelas X dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 45 orang siswa, uji coba I sebanyak 15 orang siswa dan uji coba II sebanyak 30 orang siswa. Metode penelitian pengembangan model ADDIE ( analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation). Desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik produk LKS yang dikembangkan tersusun atas sintak model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis mampu peningkatan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi virus. Lembar kerja siswa berbasis PBL dapat meningkatkan  keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dengan rerata N-gain  uji coba I sebesar 0,58 dan uji coba II rerata N-gain sebesar 0,67 dengan katagori sedang. Respon guru terhadap LKS berbasis PBL pada uji coba I nilai persentase di atas 61% katagori cukup baik dan uji coba II nilai persentase di atas  90% katagori sangat baik. Respon siswa setelah menggunakan LKS pada uji coba  I cukup baik dengan nilai persentase di atas 67% dan pada  uji coba  tahap II respon sangat baik dengan nilai persentase di atas 82%.

 

Kata Kunci : LKS, Model Problem Based Learning, Berpikir kritis, Materi Virus
NEOLIBERALISME DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA: SEBUAH REFLEKSI
Authors: Salim Agus , Manubey Johana , Kuswandi Dedi
Published: February 2024

Dalam konteks pendidikan Indonesia, ideologi neoliberalisme ini tercermin dalam meningkatnya peran lembaga pendidikan swasta, komersialisasi pendidikan, dan peningkatan biaya pendidikan. Akibatnya memberikan dampak negatif seperti ketidaksetaraan akses, penurunan mutu pendidikan, dan pengaruh globalisasi yang mengancam identitas budaya lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian literatur untuk mendalami pengaruh neoliberalisme terhadap sistem pendidikan di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui jurnal ilmiah, kemudian dianalisis dan dibahas secara deduktif-induktif.  Neoliberalisme, sebagai ideologi ekonomi, memperjuangkan kebebasan pasar, privatisasi, dan deregulasi, memberikan dampak terhadap pendidikan baik secara global, termasuk di Indonesia. Hasil analisis literatur ditemukan bahwa neoliberalisme mendorong pada marktetisasi pendidikan, privatisasi pendidikan, deregulasi, dan kompetesi. Neoliberalisme mendorong terjadinya kesenjangan sosial masyarakat, dimana masyakarakat yang kaya dapat mengkases pendidikan terbaik, sedangkan yang miskin sebaliknya. Untuk dapat menghadapi neoliberalisme dan memberikan akses pendidikan yang layak bagi masyarakat, pemerintah perlu untuk; pertama, meningkatkan pengawasan dalam pendidikan. Kedua, peninjauan ulang terhadap kurikulum untuk mencakup nilai-nilai lokal, mempromosikan pluralisme budaya, dan mempersiapkan siswa untuk tantangan global. Ketiga, menyelenggarakan pendidikan yang holistik-inklusif. Keempat, melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif dalam perencanaan dan pengambilan keputusan pendidikan. Dengan langkah-langkah ini, pendidikan Indonesia dapat menemukan keseimbangan yang tepat antara mengikuti prinsip neoliberalisme yang memungkinkan inovasi dan efisiensi, dan tetap mempertahankan nilai-nilai intrinsik dan memberikan akses pendidikan yang setara.
Bimbingan Kelompok Teknik Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Efektif Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Peserta Didik
Authors: Syapitri Novia , . Romiaty , Pan Pangestie Esty
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas bimbingan kelompok teknik Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan diri peserta didik kelas VIII-7 di SMP Negeri 2 Palangka Raya Tahun ajaran 2022/2023.

         Pada penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pre-eksperimental dengan desain ‘One Group Pre-Test and Post-Test Design’. Sampel diambil dengan Teknik Purposive Sampling sehingga sesuai dengan kriteria pemilihan sampel, yaitu 6 Peserta Didik dari kelas VIII-7 SMPN 2 Palangka Raya yang ditetapkan sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Alat pengumpul data utama adalah kuesioner. Kemudian, data dianalisis menggunakan statistik parametrik dari Uji Paired Sample T-test (Program SPSS Versi 25).

         Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan uji-t dengan menggunakan uji paired sampel t test ini sig. 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai t hitung dibandingkan dengan nilai t tabel yaitu 39,385 > 2,571, ini juga dibuktikan dengan perhitungan R square untuk mengetahui berapa besar persentase keefektifan penelitian, menggunakan Model Summary ini sebesar 0,422 atau 42%.maka hipotesis nol (H0) ditolak dan hipotesis alternatif (Ha) diterima bahwa layanan bimbingan kelompok teknik contextual teaching and learning (CTL) efektif dalam meningkatkan kepercayaan diri Peserta Didik SMP Negeri 2 Palangka Raya.

Kata Kunci: Bimbingan Kelompok, Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), Kepercayaan Diri
Analyzing and comparising capacity of glucose- and uric acid-lowering effects of yellow tea with different varieties and grades in zebrafish model
Authors: Liu Jun , WANG Yingfeng , SU Miju , XIE Qiantu , XU Bin , LIU Jie , TAN Rong , YE Liqin
Published: February 2024

Abstract: The glucose-lowering effects (GLE) and uric acid-lowering effects (UALE) of tea have been widely reported, but the differences in quality and activity of different varieties and grades (DVG) are still unknown. Herein, yellow tea (YT) were chosen, and in this study the effects of YT with DVG on GLE and UALE were investigated and comparised in zebrafish with diabetes and hyperuricemia, and the mechanism of action were deeply researched. Results showed that there were distinct differences in GLE and UALE of YT with DVG after zebrafish evaluation. The GLE and UALE of population cultivar with all different grades were relatively better than that of special early species. The GLE of bud tea and small tea was better than that of large tea. The UALE of small tea was better than that of large tea and then better than that of bud tea. The differences in GLE and UALE may be related to the content levels of phenols because the GLE and UALE was significantly reduced when phenols directly removed from YT solution. Regression analysis revealed that the highest GLE and UALE does not require the highest or lowest content of each phenolic substance, but depend on what components.
Rezension von: Marsch, Angelika, Bilder zur Augsburger Konfession und ihren Jubiläen
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Marsch Angelika
Published: February 2024

Angelika Marsch: Bilder zur Augsburger Konfession und ihren Jubiläen. Weißenhom: A. H. Konrad 1980. 173 S„ 127 Tafeln.
Rezension von: Museum für Deutsche Volkskunde, Das Bild vom Bauern
Authors: Mehl Heinrich , Museum für Deutsche Volkskunde
Published: February 2024

Das Bild vom Bauern. Vorstellungen und Wirklichkeit vom 16. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart. Schriften des Museums für Deutsche Volkskunde. Band 3. Berlin: Museum für Deutsche Volkskunde 1978.160 S., Ill.
Rezension von: Weller, Arnold, Sozialgeschichte Südwestdeutschlands
Authors: Göpfert Eberhard , Weller Arnold
Published: February 2024

Arnold Weller: Sozialgeschichte Südwestdeutschlands unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der sozialen und karitativen Arbeit vom späten Mittelalter bis zur Gegenwart. Stuttgart: Konrad Theiss 1979. 390 S„ 109 Abb.
Rezension von: Schneider, Christian (Hrsg.), Zeichen aus dem Nichts
Authors: Wunder Gerd , Schneider Christian
Published: February 2024

Zeichen aus dem Nichts. Bilder von Dieter Franck mit Texten von Friedrich Weinreb. Hg. von Christian Schneider. München: Thauros 1980. 80 S., 23 Farbtafeln.
Rezension von: Brückner, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Maria Buchen
Authors: Mehl Heinrich , Brückner Wolfgang
Published: February 2024

Maria Buchen. Eine fränkische Wallfahrt. Hg. von Wolfgang Brückner unter Mitarbeit von Christoph Daxelmüller, Alois Döring, Hans Dünninger, Fred Rausch, Hans-Theo Ruf, Erich Wimmer. Würzburg: Echter 1979.175 S., 60 Abb.
Rezension von: Bauer, Herbert u.a. (Hrsg.), 500 Jahre Hallenchor St. Lorenz in Nürnberg ...
Authors: Grünenwald Elisabeth , Bauer Herbert
Published: February 2024

500 Jahre Hallenchor St. Lorenz zu Nürnberg 1477-1977. Hg. im Auftrag des Vereins zur Erhaltung der St. Lorenzkirche und des Vereins für Geschichte der Stadt Nürnberg durch H. Bauer, G. Hirschmann und Gg. Stolz. Nürnberger Forschungen. Band 20. Nürnberg: Verein für Geschichte der Stadt Nürnberg 1977. 246 S., zahlt. Abb.600 Jahre Ostchor St. Sebald - Nürnberg 1379-1979. Hg. von H. Baier im Auftrag des Ev.-Luth. Pfarramtes St. Sebald. Neustadt/Aisch: Schmidt 1979. 221 S., 63 Abb.
Rezension von: Stadt Ilshofen (Hrsg.), Ilshofen
Authors: Göpfert Eberhard , Ilshofen
Published: February 2024

Ilshofen. Kleine Stadt an der großen Straße. Hg. vom Bürgermeisteramt der Stadt Ilshofen, Kreis Schwäbisch Hall. Ilshofen: Löhner + Laber 1980. 583 S., zahlt. Abb. und Farbtafeln.