bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phraseological nomination in the terminological system of international law: semantic cognitive approach
Authors: Pugachevskaya I. A.
Published: October 2023

The article considers the types of phraseological nominations of the terminological system of international law, and also determines the type of connection between the components in their structure. The relevance of the work stems from the need to develop the professional language of international relations, which is one of the most important social areas of legal regulation. The study of terminological units as part of the terminological system of international law in the cognitive aspect allows to establish the prerequisites leading to the method of verbalization of professional knowledge in this area. Connecting the term with real-life realities helps to understand the thought process of the actor who chose the nomination. The terminology of international law, developed taking into account the rapidly changing reality, contributes to the effective solution of the tasks faced by specialists in the field of interstate interactions. Phraseologisms are recognized as a special form of terminological nomination. The problem of interpretation of term- phraseological units is caused by the specificity of lexical units, which combine in their semantics, on the one hand, features of phraseological units, and on the other hand, professional lexicon. The combination leads to the representation of professionally relevant information by combining ordinary (contained in phraseological units) and professional knowledge. With the help of the methods of definitional analysis and component analysis, it was possible to reveal the peculiarities of the formation of the semantic structure of term-phraseological units of international law, as well as to reveal the connections of various types of knowledge in it. Phraseological terms of international law are formed by means of three models, where the components in the structure of phraseological units enter into various types of relations: association, intersection, imposition. At the same time, the most frequent type of communication is the combination of professional and common knowledge in the structure of terms-phraseology. The conceptual analysis showed the presence in the professional lexicon of international law units, formed by means of a visual-image perception of an object or phenomenon, which indicates the absence of a clear boundary between two types of knowledge – ordinary and professional.
Multimodal perceptual image and linguistic means of its manifestation in an English-language literary text
Authors: Kucher V. V.
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the problem of multimodal perceptual image in the literary text as a language means of conveying the interaction and reciprocity of perceptual sensations obtained through several senses and manifesting an integral multimodal image. The language manifestation of the multimodality of perception is understood as a way to express in a language the results of the perception by several senses at the same time. The purpose of the article is to identify language means of manifestation of the processes of multimodal perception in a literary text. The study is carried out from the perspective of cognitive stylistics, i.e. considering stylistic devices that manifest multimodal perception as a means of knowledge representation. «The Pebble in the Sky» by A. Azimov served as an example of a literary text characterized by an abundance of perceptual vocabulary per text unit. The component analysis, lexical definition analysis, contextual analysis and linguo-stylistic analysis result in the classification of perceptual vocabulary and stylistic means manifesting multimodal perceptual image.
Review of the monograph: Shirokov G.A. War years of Kuibyshev region: 1941–1945: monograph. V.I. Dorofeev, O.N. Soldatova (Eds.). Samara: OOO «Nauchno-tekhnicheskii tsentr», 2022, 336 p.
Authors: Kabytov P. S. , Kabytova N. N.
Published: October 2023

The review analyses the main problems reflected in the generalizing study by G.A. Shirokov. Relying on a diverse corpus of archival and published documentary sources, periodicals, statistical materials, as well as scientific literature on the problem under study, the author distinguishes two stages in the development of the Kuibyshev region. He presents a reconstruction of the mobilization measures carried out during the first stage (1941–1942). The author reconstructs the process of formation of new branches of regional economy on the basis of industrial equipment of evacuated factories, shows the restructuring of industrial production, which led to the formation of diversified economic potential of the region. Factors that had a negative impact on the development of agricultural production are revealed. New materials are given about labour everyday life and adaptation of the population to the conditions of the war years. Characterizing the second stage (1943–1945), the author provides information on measures to introduce new technologies and conveyors at industrial enterprises, to provide qualified workers and employees, to develop agriculture and transport infrastructure. The monograph focuses on the development of health care, public education and higher education, shows social and political life of the population during the Great Patriotic War. The central problem of the monograph is the labour feat of the population of Kuibyshev region, which ensured the unity of the front and rear and the victory in May 1945.
Organization and composition of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party
at the beginning of the XX century
Authors: Leonov M. I.
Published: October 2023

The idea of the organizational state and composition of one of the most significant parties in pre-revolutionary Russia – the party of Socialists Revolutionaries – gives a lot to understand its essence. The agreement on the creation of the party was made in the spirit of traditions of illegal conspiratorial organizations. The party appeared as an extremely amorphous formation. Until the turn of 1905–1906, its organizational principles were not formulated and were not approved by the general party forum. The competencies of the structural divisions, the criteria for membership were not clear to everyone. The party structure evolved spontaneously, in the spirit of the traditions of the revolutionary organizations in Russia in the 1970-ies and 1990-ies of the XIX century. Simultaneously existing «non-party» and «party» committees and groups characterized two dimensions: a socio-political movement and a political party. Consolidation in general terms was completed by the end of 1905. At the beginning of the XX century. the main part of the Socialist-Revolutionary organizations was located in the provinces of European Russia. Basically, the Socialist-Revolutionary organizations operated in the intellectual and industrial centers of the country, areas of concentration of the intelligentsia. A significant part of the party leadership was made up of representatives of the generation of the 40–60-ies of the XIX century of birth. The committees were dominated by young people of the 70–80-ies of the XIX century of birth. The party included representatives of various social groups, first of all the intelligentsia, then workers and peasants. Intra-party ties were weak and intermittent; the main unifying center was «Revolutionary Russia». Theoretical, tactical and organizational problems were discussed behind the scenes. In the structure of the party, the features of an illegal circle organization were clearly manifested.
Commemoration in the management practices of the Soviet elite in 1960–1970-ies (on the example of the Penza region)
Authors: Sukhova O. A.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study is to analyze the practices of commemoration and memorial culture in the Penza region in the 1960–1970-ies. The issues of periodization of development of memorial culture and historical politics, the content of collective memories, transformation of social reflection, forms and means of commemoration are considered. An assessment is made of the possibility of using the methodological tools of the «new political history» at the regional and local levels of problem development. The high source potential of materials of personal origin in the study of commemorative content in narratives, symbols and signs is noted. In the course of the analysis of historiography of the problem, a pluralism of value judgments regarding the «instrumentality» of Soviet historical policy was revealed. Conclusions are drawn about the need for an objective analysis of national specifics, including in relation to the memory of the past, in the search for universal content in the structures of memorial culture. The evolution of functionality and content of historical politics in the 1960–1970-ies is traced: the general trend of the process is the decline in interest in the symbolic practices of the revolutionary era and the establishment of a new «organizing» idea as a manifestation of social demand for solidarity and common identity. The memory of the victims of the struggle for Soviet power as a tool of legitimization is giving way to socially significant experiences (memory of the Great Patriotic War) and the idea of restoring the unity of memory, a tolerant attitude towards the past as a whole, which united both the imperial and Soviet heritage. The factor of traumatic order is the memory of Stalin. The period under review also saw the institutionalization of the system of socio-political interaction in the field of memorial culture.
IN MEMORY OF PROFESSOR
ANTONINA ALEXANDROVNA KHARKOVSKAYA
Authors: Konev Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2023

July 21, 2023, Department of English Philology, Samara University, Social Sciences
the humanities institute and the entire linguistic world of the Samara region suffered unrecoverable
loss - a candidate of philological sciences, professor, professor of the department passed away
English philology Antonina Aleksandrovna Kharkovskaya. It was she who stood at the origins
development of English studies in Kuibyshev / Samara. She created her own scientific school and made it
known not only within the Russian Federation, but also far abroad.
Mentoring system in an educational institution of higher education
Authors: Perminova O. M. , Ustinova N. P. , Trefilova E. A.
Published: October 2023

Today one of the most strategically important directions of improvement of the activity of educational institutions becomes the implementing of technology of mentoring in the educational system. The need for mentoring is due to the fact that rapid changes in the education system, transformation of organizational processes require that all participants of educational relations flexible and instant reaction. Mentoring allows to connect professional development, resistance to change, the formation of new competencies, as well as mutual social exchange in an integrated approach to each participant of the educational process. Despite discussions of scholars and practitioners concerning mentoring problems, there is no single methodological approach to the organization of mentoring system in an educational institution of higher education as a unit of innovative educational system. The article analyzes the history of development, principles and types of mentoring, reveals the content of mentoring system; presents the results of the author’s research and suggests a mechanism for organizing a mentoring system in an educational institution of higher education. As a tool for the development of the mentoring system at the university, it is proposed to create a community – a club for the development of meta-skills within the educational institution.
Target approach in the formation of future workers’ professional readiness
Authors: Danilova T. V.
Published: October 2023

Continuous updating of labor market requirements for the results of future workers’ professional training actualizes the need to specify the process of forming professional readiness as a key quality of an employee. The purpose of the article is the procedural characteristic of the formation of professional readiness of future workers from the position of the target approach that performs two interrelated functions. The first involves the formulation of a goal that corresponds to a set of certain requirements: terminological unambiguity, conciseness, reality, diagnostics, processuality, concreteness. The second function is characterized by professional and industry specifics. It is provided by the relationship between the ideal goal and the result achievement. The outcome is formed professional readiness of future workers. This quality is diagnosed by criteria and indicators for monitoring its formation. From the target approach point of view, the content vector of the formation of future workers’ professional readiness is expressed in the procedural characteristics of this phenomenon. It is dependent on the main goal of future workers’ professional training, which is decomposed into sub-goals that determine its stages: orientational, operational and activity. The first of them is related to pricing, the objective basis of which is the requirements for labor activity fixed in professional standards. The second one is focused on goal-attainment, which includes the formation of practice-oriented skills of students. The third stage involves reflection by future workers of their own actions, their choice and evaluation from the position of expediency of application in a specific professional situation. One of the means to assess the effectiveness of the process of forming the professional readiness of students is pedagogical monitoring. It is implemented on the basis of criteria and indicators determined by the professional training goals. Accordingly, the result of mastering the orientation stage by future workers and the monitoring criterion is pre – readiness, operational – reproductive readiness, and activity- productive readiness. The results of decomposition of the professional training main goal into sub-goals, the corresponding criteria and indicators of future workers’ readiness formation are presented in a tabular version.
A desapropriação por interesse social, para fins de reforma agrária, de imóveis rurais produtivos disfuncionais: dignidade humana, soberania alimentar, agroecologia e direitos da Natureza
Authors: Cabral Marcelo Budal , Fontenele Alysson Maia
Published: October 2023

Este artigo, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, analisa as interpretações sobre a possibilidade de desapropriar imóveis produtivos que não cumprem todos os requisitos da função social da propriedade. O objetivo é compreender o conceito de produtividade constitucional, e a interpretação correta sobre a possibilidade de desapropriar imóveis produtivos disfuncionais. A abordagem é hermenêutica, filosófica (Gadamer) e jurídica, que – compreendendo que há um todo a priori (o mundo da vida) – significa formular uma pergunta (iniciar um diálogo) como aquilo que deve ser compreendido e se deixar determinar pela coisa em questão, exigindo-se, como critério epistemológico para uma interpretação correta, a harmonia entre o todo e as partes, reconhecendo que há uma abertura para a compreensão (o intérprete participa da produção do sentido), e, ao mesmo tempo, que há fronteiras, limitada pela juridicidade constitucional.
СНИЖЕНИЕ ВРЕДНЫХ ВЫБРОСОВ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ВОДОНАГРЕВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ТВЕРДОТОПЛИВНЫХ КОТЛОВ МАЛОЙ МОЩНОСТИ КВТС-0,2
Authors: Мансуров З.А. , Урмашев Б.А. , Хазимов М.Ж.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассмотрены вопросы повышения коэффициента полезного действия промышленных отопительных котлов малой мощности при сжигании твердого топлива в неподвижном слое. Усовершенствованная конструкция топочной камеры исключает потери мелких частей угля через колосник. Воздух поступает через форсунки в зону горения угля и контролируется процесс горения. Целью настоящей работы является обеспечение полноты сгорания топлива в топке для максимального тепловыделения и снижения вредных выбросов в атмосферу, а также усовершенствование технологии сжигания в котлах малой мощности, имеющих топочные камеры для сжигания в неподвижном слое угля с использованием колосниковой решетки. Приведены конструктивная схема топочной системы и функциональная схема предлагаемой автоматической системы регулирования подачи воздуха. Изложены результаты проведенного испытания усовершенствованного котла КВТС-0,2 и определены технико-экономические показатели, которые свидетельствуют о повышении эффективности работы котла.
Газификация углеродсодержащих отходов в плазмохимическом реакторе
Authors: Мессерле В.Е. , Орынбасар М.Н. , Умбеткалиев К.А. , Устименко А.Б.
Published: October 2023

Представлены результаты термодинамических расчетов и экспериментов по плазменной газификации твердых углеродсодержащих отходов на примере медико-санитарных отходов, показавшие перспективность использования плазмохимической технологии переработки отходов с получением горючего газа и инертного минерального материала. Для термодинамических расчетов использовалась универсальная программа расчета многокомпонентных гетерогенных систем TERRA с базой термодинамических свойств около 3000 веществ в интервале температур 300-6000 К. Найдена оптимальная температура газификации отходов Т = 1600 К, при которой достигается максимальная концентрация синтез-газа 82,6 об. % (СO – 31,7, H2 – 50,9). Эксперименты проводились в оснащенном плазмотроном мощностью 70 кВт полу периодическом плазмохимическом реакторе производительностью по отходам до 30 кг/час. В процессе плазменно-воздушной газификации медико-санитарных отходов при 1600 К получены синтез-газ с концентрацией 71,1 об. % (H2 – 44,6, CO – 26,5) и твердый инертный остаток светло-серого цвета. Сравнение способов плазменной газификации и обычного сжигания отходов показывает более высокую энергоэффективность плазменной технологии. В результате плазменной газификации медико-санитарных отходов получается горючий газ с тепловой мощностью 430 МДж/ч, тогда как при их сжигании образуется инертный газ (CO2, H2O и N2) с физической теплотой 145 МДж/ч. Таким образом, полезная тепловая мощность продуктов плазменной газификации в три раза выше, чем при сжигании отходов. Сопоставление результатов эксперимента и расчетов показало их удовлетворительное согласие. Как в расчетах, так и в экспериментах вредных примесей в продуктах плазменной газификации отходов обнаружено не было.
Corrosion Rate-Based Adjustment of Plastic Hinge Parameters of Corroded RC Elements
Authors: BENREDOUANE Mustapha , BOURAHLA Nouredine , GHODBANE Anouar , KHALFAOUİ Hala
Published: October 2023

In line with the trend towards predictive seismic codes adopting the performance-based design method, this paper presents an integrated protocol to determine the degraded hysteresis parameters of corroded RC hinges based on relationships developed for this purpose together with a calibration procedure using the random-mutation hill-climbing algorithm. The adjustment procedure is integrated into the material library of the OpenSees software and used to perform nonlinear dynamic analyses to investigate the seismic performance of a typical bridge with affected piers at different corrosion levels. In practice the proposed procedure permits to assess the seismic performance of existing or new structures for a given corrosion rate distribution.
WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS AND DECISION-MAKING PROCESS OF PAKISTAN: CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS
Authors: Naheed Kishwar , Zaheer Nosheen , Shah Masooda , Durran Asiya
Published: October 2023

Objectives: This study seeks to examine the specific challenges and barriers related to women's participation in politics and decision-making within the context of Pakistan.

Methodology: This study deploys literature review and historical analysis to understand the context and causes of women's underrepresentation. Furthermore, sociocultural analysis is used to assess the societal norms and cultural factors affecting women's participation in politics. Institutional analysis is used to evaluate the structural barriers and policies that hinder women's political involvement.

Findings: The outcomes of this study indicates that women in Pakistan face persistent obstacles to active participation in politics as well as these obstacles stem from historical, sociocultural, and institutional factors. Furthermore, the underrepresentation of women in political positions has adverse effects on Pakistan's democratic framework, including limited diversity and inclusivity. The study identifies the need for comprehensive measures to remove these barriers and promote a more equal and representative political landscape in Pakistan.

Applications of the study: Policymakers can use the findings to develop strategies and policies aimed at promoting women's political participation in Pakistan. In addition, civil society organizations can leverage the study's insights to advocate for gender-inclusive political reforms. Educational institutions can incorporate this research into their curriculum to raise awareness about gender disparities in politics. Furthermore, international organizations can support initiatives that address gender inequality in Pakistani politics based on the study's recommendations.

Novelty/Originality of the study: The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive examination of the obstacles hindering women's participation in politics in Pakistan, encompassing historical, sociocultural, and institutional aspects. Additionally, it emphasizes the practical implications of women's underrepresentation on the democratic framework of the country. This holistic approach provides a unique perspective on the issue and offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to address gender disparities in politics.
NOVOSIBIRSK RURAL NEWSPAPERS ON VARIOUS MEDIA PLATFORMS
Authors: Belenko Viktoria Е.
Published: October 2023

The article shows how the newspapers of the municipal districts of the Novosibirsk region are represented in social networks. The relevance of the stated topic is due to the fact that expanding interaction with social networks is one of the main features and trends in the development of regional and local press markets in Russia. The novelty is determined by the lack of published scientific articles concerning the current state of affairs in such a large region as the Novosibirsk region, as well as the empirical nature of the work carried out, which made it possible to trace the current state of this segment of the media sphere. The article presents the results of the analysis of audience indicators of public newspapers and monitoring of their content both in traditional social networks, such as VKontakte and Odnoklassniki, and in the relatively new Telegram, YouTube or Yandex.Zen. It is shown that all newspapers of this type have their own pages, on average they have 1.5–3 thousand subscribers on VKontakte and Odnoklassniki. The median number of posts per week is 22.5 posts for VKontakte and 20.8 for Odnoklassniki. At the same time, new platforms, such as Telegram, are just beginning to attract the interest of editorial offices — nine newspapers launched their tg channels in the spring of 2022, but the number of subscribers there is not yet large.
THE CATEGORY OF “PASCHALITY” AND ITS SENSE-GIVING FUNCTION IN ANTON CHEKHOV’S TALE “IN THE RAVINE”
Authors: Lipke Stephan
Published: October 2023

We consider the category of “paschality”, introduced into Russian literature studies by Ivan Esaulov, in Anton Chekhov’s tale “In the Ravine”. In Russia, Easter is celebrated more solemnly than Christmas. According to I. Esaulov, this makes people give greater importance to life in Heaven and makes them ready to suffer and die in order to receive it. We recognize that the category of “paschality” can be fruitful for literature studies and, in particular, for the interpretation of Chekhov’s tale. Yet, we propose to amend it. We disagree with I. Esaulov’s opinion that giving a key importance to Easter distinguishes Russian Orthodoxy from the Christian West. But, first and foremost, we think that the paschal spirituality of the New Testament should not be juxtaposed neither to the Pascha (Passover, Exodus) of the Hebrew Bible, nor to the crucial role the New Testament gives to the Christmas mystery of the Incarnation. Instead, the paschal mystery should rather be seen as the continuation and fulfillment of both. This kind of “paschality” complements the social criticism of the tale “In the Ravine” and gives it a deeper sense. The horror described in “In the Ravine”, which reaches its culmination in the little child’s murder, is both exacerbated and softened by allusions to Christ’s birth and to Our Lady. Besides, due to references to the salvation of little Moses and the newborn Jesus, even ex negativo the tale alludes to Lipa’s and her fellow workers’ future salvation and liberation.
Human capital as a component of the innovation ecosystem
Authors: Paliienko Tetiana
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the human capital in the context of innovative ecosystems, determine the structure and state of investment in human capital in Ukraine and provide recommendations on ways to activate investment for the development of an innovative ecosystem. To solve research issues were used articles, statistical information, and databases to which were applied comparison methods, analytical and tabular methods to visualize the analysis of data.The results of the study show that there is a direct relationship between the level of economic development of the country and the number of innovative products created, which is confirmed by the analysis of indicators of global indices. Despite the strengths that have an impact on domestic innovation development, Ukraine is not an innovation leader and its indicators have been deteriorating in recent years, which indicates the lack of use of available innovation potential and the unstable economic and political situation in the country.A comparative analysis of the Human Capital Index showed that the values for Ukraine remained unchanged for a decade. This is influenced by problems of investing in education and healthcare, without which the functioning of the innovation ecosystem is impossible. Currently, the country is experiencing a constant decline in the population, which is associated with high mortality, low birth rates and short life expectancy. The study found that while education costs rose before the full-scale invasion, the number of educational institutions steadily declined due to the closure of schools with a few students. A similar trend continues in the healthcare sector, where, with a relatively stable number of visitors, hospital facilities are being reduced.As a final point, a conclusion involving that the main component of the innovation ecosystem is human capital, which is involved in the creation and production of innovative goods and services and can generate income. The main task for the country today is to attract additional investment in human capital, which will help reduce the burden on the state and help in creating and developing innovative industries that will increase the country’s competitiveness in the world.

JEL classіfіcatіon: E22, I25, J24, O15, O31
Digital transformation of the agricultural sector: prospects, challenges and solutions
Authors: Nehrey Maryna
Published: October 2023

The digital transformation of the agricultural sector has received considerable attention due to its potential to increase efficiency and productivity. This paper reviews recent research and publications to identify key themes and gaps in the digitalisation of agriculture. The analysis shows that while some studies highlight the potential benefits of digital agriculture, others emphasise the limitations and challenges associated with its implementation. The case of Ukraine fits into the ‘light digitalisation’ scenario, where agriculture digitalisation is at a basic level, data control is limited, and digital literacy and technology adoption varies among different agricultural stakeholders.To promote the digitalisation process, data exchange between stakeholders such as farmers, government, traders, producers, consumers and AgriTech should be improved. Digital platforms, e-governance, agricultural extension, access to financial services and information exchange are very important for digital transformation. The author explores digital interactions between farmers and agri-tech companies, food traders/producers and consumers, highlighting the elements and benefits of such interactions.The role of the government in creating a reliable digitalisation system and facilitating cooperation between stakeholders is discussed. It proposes the implementation of solutions such as farm management systems, data collection tools, decision support systems and data-driven farming technologies. These solutions facilitate data analysis, informed decision-making and optimisation of farm operations.Challenges and limitations associated with the digital transformation of the agricultural sector are limited financial resources, regulatory constraints, resistance to change, and privacy concerns. Further research is needed to explore data quality standards, data ownership and privacy rules, skills development, modelling systems and digital platforms.

JEL classification: H83, O38, Q10, Q18
Bone resorption markers in the diagnosis of acute destructive mastoiditis
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, Aliev Sh. M. ,   Astrakhan Clinical Hospital, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, Shpotin V. P. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia,   Astrakhan Clinical Hospital, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, Saidulaev V. A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, Mukhmadov I. D. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, Nuralieva A. K. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, Saidulaev V.-Kh. A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, 414000, Russia
Published: October 2023

It is important to identify an inflammatory destruction of bone tissue in the early stages in acute mastoiditis. In the available medical literature, there is no information on the use of laboratory markers of bone resorption and bone formation for the diagnosis of acute destructive mastoiditis. Objective of the study. To analyze the diagnostic value of serum deoxypyridinoline and osteocalcin levels in biological fluids in acute destructive mastoiditis. Materials and methods. There were 43 patients on treatment, urgently hospitalized with acute mastoiditis diagnosis (Н70.0). The concentration of deoxypyridinoline in the urine and osteocalcin in the blood were determined in all the patients. The biomaterials are taken from the patients on the day of their hospitalization and before their discharge. A score rating system was used to interpret the results of the laboratory study. Results. Analysis of obtained laboratory data has shown a connection between the degree of bone destruction and the levels of the bone resorption markers. The patients with the bone destruction had high titers, especially patients with an inflammation spreading to surrounding topographic areas and with developing intracranial complications. Conclusions. Measuring of levels of markers of bone resorption and bone formation allows optimizing a treatment of patients with an acute mastoiditis on account of early diagnosis of temporal bone destruction, preventing attempts of ineffective conservative treatment, timely determining the indications for surgery with planning of its appropriate volume.
Role of MRI in diagnosis of Meniere’s disease
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Blinova M. L. , Mikhailov V. S. ,   Branch 1 „1472 Naval Clinical Hospital”, Sevastopol, 299059, Russia, Morozova M. V. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Saint Petersburg, 194044, Russia
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the methods of visualization of the structures of the inner ear. An analysis of studies aimed at determining the possibilities of using MRI in the diagnosis of Meniere’s disease was carried out. We examined 13 patients with significant Meniere’s disease. The patients were intravenously injected with a gadolinium-based contrast agent. After 4 hours, an MRI of the brain was performed on a Philips Ingenia magnetic resonance imaging scanner with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 Tesla using the 3D-FLAIR sequence. The diagnosis of Meniere’s disease was confirmed in 11 patients.
Model matematyczny relacji wzrostu gospodarczego USA w stosunku do prowadzonych przez ten kraj wojen
Authors: Krupa Marcin
Published: October 2023

Celem artykułu jest zbudowanie modelu opisującego mechanizm relacji zachodzących pomiędzy wzrostem gospodarczym Stanów Zjednoczonych a aktywnością militarną tego państwa. Model jest matematycznie wyrażonym, abstrakcyjnym i dedukcyjnym podejściem do problematyki relacji między wzrostem gospodarczym a wojną na przykładzie USA. Badania przeprowadzono na podstawie wyników wcześniejszych badań empirycznych. Niekompletność wniosków z badań empirycznych skłania do ich interpretacji w szerszym kontekście badanej rzeczywistości społecznej.
Las transferencias de datos a través del Metaverso a la luz de los últimos acuerdos (UE - EE.UU.). El fenómeno “tú a Londres y yo a California”
Authors: Cruz Ángeles Jonatán
Published: October 2023

Este artículo realiza un análisis exhaustivo de las transferencias extracomunitarias de datos, vitales para la implementación y gestión del Metaverso, con un enfoque particular en las regulaciones de la Unión Europea y Estados Unidos. Se enfoca en la repercusión de las decisiones jurídicas más cruciales del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea respecto a la protección de los datos personales de los ciudadanos europeos en estos espacios virtuales emergentes. Involucra un estudio detallado de la doctrina especializada para determinar si el Acuerdo recientemente revelado entre la Unión Europea y los Estados Unidos, el 10 de julio de 2023, es suficientemente robusto o si, en su defecto, es necesario investigar otras alternativas o medidas que deberían ser consideradas por gigantes tecnológicos como Meta. El objetivo último es dilucidar la extensión real y efectiva de los derechos a la privacidad y la salvaguarda transatlántica de los datos personales en el ámbito digital contemporáneo
La adaptación de la Directiva 85/374/CEE, de 25 de julio, en materia de responsabilidad por daños causados por productos defectuosos a la cuarta revolución industrial
Authors: González Beluche Paloma 
Published: October 2023

La responsabilidad por los daños causados por productos defectuosos se unificó a nivel europeo con la promulgación de la Directiva 85/374/CEE. Esta normativa ha facilitado, hasta la fecha, un marco legal estable en el que los usuarios y consumidores han sido suficientemente protegidos, a la vez que ha procurado una razonable seguridad jurídica para incentivar la innovación. A día de hoy, sin embargo, el progreso y las nuevas tecnologías emergentes la han convertido en obsoleta, lo que exige inexcusablemente su actualización para que pueda seguir respondiendo de forma adecuada y suficiente a las reclamaciones por daños causados por productos defectuosos. El objeto del presente trabajo es el análisis de este nuevo contexto y de las respuestas que la Propuesta de Directiva del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo sobre responsabilidad por los daños causados por productos defectuosos, publicada por la Comisión Europea el 28 de septiembre de 2022, ofrece a los problemas nacidos en esta cuarta revolución industrial
La notificación electrónica en el Espacio Judicial Europeo. Retos y problemas
Authors: Marchal Escalona Nuria
Published: October 2023

Las herramientas tecnológicas contribuyen a mejorar el acceso a la justicia, a la eliminación de barreras geográficas y temporales, así como a la reducción de costes procesales. Ello explica que el legislador europeo haya focalizado sus esfuerzos en los últimos tiempos en impulsar e implantar la digitalización de la notificación en los procesos judiciales transfronterizos. El objetivo del presente estudio es contribuir a la reflexión sobre los retos y desafíos que la digitalización de la notificación plantea en el espacio judicial europeo. Para ello, analizaremos en qué medida el nuevo Derecho europeo responde a las necesidades que la notificación electrónica plantea y, lo más importante, si observa o no a las más elementales exigencias de Justica. Nos ocuparemos también de la cuestión idiomática en la notificación electrónica transfronteriza. A tales efectos, analizaremos y valoraremos la postura adoptada en este ámbito por el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea.
El principio de subsidiariedad en la normativa europea para un mercado único digital
Authors: Pazos Castro Ricardo 
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo hace una aproximación al principio de subsidiariedad en el Derecho de la Unión Europea, exponiendo sus características e implicaciones; para luego examinar en qué medida el legislador lo ha tenido en cuenta a la hora de proponer o adoptar normas de cara a la consecución de un mercado único digital, o en materia de protección de los consumidores. El objetivo es determinar si se han materializado tres riesgos: un escaso grado de atención sobre la subsidiariedad, una estandarización de las consideraciones efectuadas con independencia del tipo de acto normativo, del grado de armonización, o de la materia regulada; y una exhaustividad semejante en los textos más antiguos y en los más recientes, a pesar de la mayor extensión y detalle de estos últimos.
La publicidad de l@s influencers
Authors: Rodríguez Rodrigo Juliana
Published: October 2023

Los estudios muestran que la publicidad encubierta es una práctica habitual llevada a cabo por l@s influencers. Esta conducta atenta contra l@s seguidores y contra l@s competidores/as del anunciante. En relación con l@s primer@s, porque no es clara acerca del carácter mercantil del mensaje del influencer y les puede hacer pensar que se encuentran ante una opinión personal de su líder. Respecto de l@s segund@s, porque, con ella, están haciendo que la marca compita de manera desleal con el resto de competidores en el mercado. Es importante, por tanto, identificar cuándo la publicidad que realizan l@s influencers es ilícita por ser encubierta. Son dos los elementos que deben concurrir para llegar a esta conclusión. En primer lugar, debe existir una finalidad comercial o mercantil, la cual, se puede comprobar por la existencia de una contraprestación. Y, en segundo lugar, este propósito promocional del influencer no aparece claro e inequívoco para el/la usuari@. En relación con esto último, el/la follower no puede deducir este carácter comercial ni del contenido del mensaje y de su ubicación y, por otro lado, el/la influencer no ha incorporado información necesaria para dar a conocer el mismo.
Discriminación por razón de sexo y Seguridad Social. La aplicación de la Directiva 79/7 en España
Authors: Sánchez-Rodas Navarro Cristina
Published: October 2023

El Informe de la Comisión de 11 de septiembre de 1995 sobre la aplicación de la Directiva 79/7 en España destacaba la correcta aplicación de la misma en nuestro país. Sin embargo, desde hace más de una década la jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea está poniendo continuamente en evidencia la existencia de antiguas y nuevas discriminaciones por razón de sexo en la legislación española de Seguridad Social. Estas sentencias han constituido un revulsivo que han impulsado reformas legislativas de gran calado para adecuar la normativa nacional al Derecho de la Unión Europea. Aunque en varias ocasiones el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea y el Tribunal Constitucional español han tenido que pronunciarse sobre el carácter discriminatorio, o no, de las mismas disposiciones, por el momento el diálogo entre ambos tribunales ha sido armonioso. En cualquier caso, la Directiva 79/7 no es la panacea para la total erradicación de las discriminaciones por razón de sexo en el ámbito de la Seguridad Social y Asistencia Social porque, conforme a su ámbito de aplicación personal y material, la Directiva 79/7 no se aplica a todas las personas ni a todas las prestaciones sociales.
Louboutin vs. Amazon. ¿Un litigio más sobre la responsabilidad de las plataformas digitales en el uso de una marca? Comentario de la sentencia del TJUE de 22 de diciembre de 2022, asuntos C-148/21 y C-184/21
Authors: Antón Juárez Isabel
Published: October 2023

El objeto del presente trabajo es el análisis de la sentencia del TJUE de 22 de diciembrede 2022. La cuestión que se dirime en la sentencia que analizamos es si el hecho de que un tercero que utiliza Amazon como vía para anunciar y comercializar productos falsos puede implicar que la propia plataforma sea responsable de dicha infracción de forma directa. Hay que tener presente que esa responsabilidad directa de la plataforma sólo sería posible si se considera que la propia plataforma usa la marca ajena en el sentido del art. 9.2 letra a) del Reglamento (UE) 2017/1001. El estudio de este asunto es necesario porque implica una mayor precisión, incluso se podría considerar un cambio en la jurisprudencia del TJUE sobre la responsabilidad marcaria directa de las plataformas. Tras esta sentencia, se puede considerar que una plataforma usa una marca si de la percepción del usuario medio que utiliza la plataforma se puede establecer un vínculo entre la marca y la plataforma debido a aspectos como (1) la forma en la que plataforma oferta los productos (ad ex. de forma homogénea sin diferenciar entre sus propios productos de los de sus vendedores) y (2) los servicios complementarios que la propia plataforma ofrece a sus vendedores.
Cláusula de prorrogación de la competencia en condiciones generales de la contratación. Comentario a la sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia (Sala Séptima) de 24 de noviembre de 2022, asunto C-358/21
Authors: Carrillo Pozo Luis F.
Published: October 2023

El TJ admite la idoneidad de un acuerdo de prórroga de la competencia judicial entre comerciantes cuando la cláusula venga contenida en unas condiciones generales de la  contratación accesibles mediante un enlace hipertexto enviado por el predisponente, siempre que exista la posibilidad de acceder a ellas antes de la conclusión, salvarlas e imprimirlas, y ello aunque no haya sido necesario marcar una casilla de aceptación.
Aplicación de la norma española de conflicto de leyes interno para determinar el régimen económico matrimonial
Authors: Rodríguez Rodrigo Juliana
Published: October 2023

En esta SAP de Barcelona se cuestiona la legislación española aplicable al régimen económico matrimonial de una pareja en la que ella tiene vecindad civil catalana y él, vecindad civil común. La recurrente reclama que rige el sistema de la sociedad conyugal del Derecho foral navarro y el marido alega que el régimen es el de separación de bienes de la legislación catalana. Para resolver la cuestión, la Audiencia Provincial aplica las conexiones del artículo 9.2 CC y, ante la situación de que la pareja no tiene ley personal común -según dice la sentencia- ni han elegido ley en documento auténtico antes del matrimonio, pasa a la tercera conexión, según la cual, la ley aplicable es la de la residencia habitual común inmediatamente después de la celebración del matrimonio. En este punto, el tribunal comprueba que no existe residencia habitual común inmediatamente después de la celebración de las nupcias, ya que, la que tuvo la pareja en Pamplona comenzó dos meses después de esta fecha. Por todo ello, concluye aplicando la última conexión del artículo 9.2 CC, la ley del lugar de celebración del matrimonio, para determinar que el régimen aplicable es el de separación de bienes del Derecho catalán por haberse celebrado las nupcias en Cabrils, Barcelona.
La residencia habitual como foro de competencia judicial internacional en algunos sectores del derecho de familia internacional
Authors: Sabido Rodríguez Mercedes
Published: October 2023

La residencia habitual como criterio atributivo de competencia judicial internacional presenta indudables ventajas por tratarse de una conexión fáctica y realista, pero también deriva importantes inconvenientes derivados, en el ámbito europeo, de la ausencia de un concepto único y uniforme. Verificada esta realidad a partir de la práctica judicial española, y tras el análisis de la labor desarrollada por el Tribunal de Justicia entorno a la delimitación de esta figura, nos cuestionamos la necesidad de consagrar un concepto único y uniforme de residencia habitual que aborde todos los supuestos y facilite la concreción del tribunal internacionalmente competente para conocer de los litigios relativos a crisis matrimoniales y otras medidas vinculadas y relativas a responsabilidad parental, regímenes económicos y obligaciones alimenticias.
La interconexión de los foros de competencia en la propuesta de Reglamento europeo en materia de filiación con los Reglamentos Bruselas II ter y III
Authors: Guzmán Peces Montserrat
Published: October 2023

El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de los criterios de competencia en la Propuesta de Reglamento europeo en materia de filiación y su relación con otros Reglamentos europeos, como el Reglamento (UE) 1111/2019, especialmente en el ámbito de la responsabilidad parental y protección de menores y el Reglamento (UE) 4/2009 relativo a las obligaciones alimenticias. Además, se analiza la posibilidad de acumulación de acciones tanto en la jurisprudencia nacional como en la jurisprudencia comunitaria como elemento clave para alcanzar el objetivo prioritario de la reducción de costes procesales tanto para las familias como para los sistemas judiciales de los Estados miembros.
Género, raza y clase en la novela ‘Estación en curva’ de Uxue Apaolaza
Authors: Martin-Etxebeste Jon
Published: October 2023

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Integrated handling to overcome stunting in rural areas in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ariadi Septi
Published: October 2023

Stunting is one of the pressing health issues that requires serious attention and immediate intervention. This study aimed to assess the causes of stunting, the challenges faced by communities in ensuring nutrition for children, the management of stunting, and the efforts needed to optimize stunting intervention in rural areas. This study employed a qualitative approach with a total of 30 families having stunted children as informants. The study reveals that preventive measures against stunting should commence early, even during pregnancy. Apart from nutritional deficiencies, equally important contributing factors are inadequate maternal knowledge, recurrent or chronic infections, poor sanitation, and limited healthcare access. One pivotal step in preventing stunting is empowering and centralizing the role of mothers, who should be committed actors in the stunting prevention process. In a child’s growth and development, exclusive breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary feeding demands attention. Understanding child growth stages is crucial for parents to prevent stunting. Although most parents are aware of the significance of meeting their child’s nutritional needs, economic constraints and lack of awareness still hinder some parents from giving extra attention to this matter.