EFFECT OF BIOGEO-CHEMICAL ACTIVE MICROELEMENTS ON LIVING ORGANIZMS IN THE ABSHERON PENINSULA
Authors: Latıfa Kazımova Latıfa Kazımova , Irada Mamedova Irada Mamedova 
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to eco-geochemical analysis of soil on the basis of general patterns of migration and concentration of biochemically active elements, analysis of chemical properties of man-made contaminated soils on the basis of soil samples in natural-man-made landscape systems, interpretation of soil pollution levels and causes. The article deals with the possible effects of toxic elements in living things in the study area and the separation of biogeochemical provinces.
The main purpose of our research is to conduct eco-geochemical analysis of soil based on general patterns of migration and concentration of biochemically active elements in the area, analysis of chemical properties of man-made contaminated soils on the basis of soil samples in natural-man-made landscape systems, study of soil pollution levels and causes [1; 3].
Model areas in Bibiheybat, Surakhani and Ramana in the Absheron Peninsula were selected for the study and samples were taken and analyzed. It was determined that microelements such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), molybdenum (Mo), vanadium (V), boron (B) predominate in the soil. The biochemical properties of each of the dominant toxic elements were considered separately.
During the field research, the method of cutting according to the specific landscape conditions of the studied area was used. In order to study the geochemical properties of landscapes from an ecological point of view, as well as to determine the total amount and distribution of macro and microelements in landscape components, as well as carcinogenic toxic microelements polluting the environment, samples were taken from mountain rocks and soil genetic layers and studied by chemical and spectral analysis in laboratory condition.
As a result of the analysis of the composition of landscape components in the areas of Ramana, Haji Zeynalabdin, Yeni Yashma, Shurabad, Khirdalan, Guzdek, Sungurdagh, Garadagh, Sangachal, Shikhlar, Gobustan, Fatmayi, Dubandi and Zira included in the study area separation of biogeochemical provinces would be expedient. It is known that biogeochemical provinces are landscape areas where microelements are more or less than in other areas.
Identification and study of biogeochemical provinces . associated with the names of prominent figures such as V.I. Vernadski, A.P. Vinoqradov, A.Y. Fersman, B.B. Polınov, V.V. Kowalski et al. Similar studies in Azerbaijan was conducted by B.Q. Shakuri and distinguished 7 biogeochemical provinces in the territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic.
The separation of biogeochemical provinces allows to determine the regularity of the spread of endemic diseases in accordance with the predominance or deficiency of microelements in the area by province. In such states, living organisms (plants, animals and humans) form a biological reaction, and living organisms become infected with endemic diseases.
The presence of these microelements is one of the factors that play a key role in the progress of physiological and biochemical processes in living organisms. deficiency or lack of components of these microelements in soil, water, plants, etc. affects the composition of feed, the quality of livestock products, which leads to metabolic disorders in the human body, causing various diseases. That is why it is important to study the amount and form of trace elements in the components of the landscape - especially in the soil and plants.
Keywords: toxic elements, geochemistry, soil, migration, biogeochemical zone