bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elemen Kerohanian dalam Program Kebersihan Sekolah Menengah di Negeri Selangor Darul Ehsan
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Ahmad Nasir , Mohd Ayup Mohd Taufik , Majid Arfah Ab
Published: August 2020

Kebersihan kawasan persekitaran yang baik mendorong pelestarian sebuah tamadun yang stabil. Pada tahun 2004, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) telah memperkenalkan Program Peningkatan Keselamatan, Kebersihan dan Keindahan Alam Sekitar Sekolah (Program 3K). Program ini merupakan penambahbaikan kepada program sedia ada iaitu Program Sekolah Selamat, Program Kesihatan dan Kebersihan serta Program Keceriaan dan Keindahan Sekolah yang dimulakan sejak tahun 1991. Program ini berjaya mengubah pemandangan kawasan sekolah yang lebih ceria dan selamat. Kajian ini berhasrat melihat keberkesanan Program 3K dengan mengenal pasti persepsi, tingkah laku positif dan pembentukan sahsiah pelajar. Hasil kajian mendapati beberapa perkara penting antaranya; secara keseluruhan pengetahuan pelajar terhadap Program 3K berada pada tahap sederhana, secara keseluruhan penerapan elemen-elemen Kerohanian dalam program penjagaan kebersihan dalam Program 3K adalah pada tahap sederhana, persepsi pelajar terhadap keberkesanan Program 3K di sekolah khususnya komponen kebersihan adalah positif, tingkah laku pelajar terhadap penjagaan kebersihan di luar kawasan sekolah adalah positif, persepsi pelajar terhadap tanggungjawab menjaga kebersihan adalah negatif dan perkaitan songsang antara tahap pengetahuan dengan tingkah laku pelajar iaitu semakin tinggi tahap pengetahuan pelajar semakin rendah akhlak pelajar. Data dikumpul melalui pengedaran borang soal selidik. Alat kajian yang digunakan dibina sendiri dengan perbincangan bersama penyelia. Soal selidik diedarkan kepada 300 pelajar di negeri Selangor. Data yang diperoleh diproses menggunakan perisian IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Teknik analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menilai tahap pengetahuan dan persepsi, ujian-t untuk melihat perbezaan antara pelajar bandar dengan luar bandar dan korelasi bagi melihat perkaitan tahap pengetahuan pelajar terhadap tingkah laku pelajar. Keputusan boleh disimpulkan bahawa tahap pengetahuan pelajar terhadap Program 3K tidak mendorong perilaku positif pelajar dalam menjaga kebersihan kawasan persekitaran. Hal ini disebabkan pelaksanaan dan penerapan aspek kerohanian begitu lemah dan tidak diberikan perhatian dalam membina perilaku dan jati diri pelajar. Hal ini tidak menepati FPK yang bermatlamatkan pelajar seimbang dan menyeluruh dengan menerapkan empat komponen iaitu jasmani, emosi, rohani dan intelek.
Struktur Tripolar dan Politik Antarabangsa Asia Pasifik
Authors: Yazid Mohd. Noor
Published: August 2020

Artikel ini membincangkan struktur tripolar yang berlaku di rantau Asia Pasifik daripada tahun 1971 hingga 1991 dan impak terhadap percaturan kuasa politik antarabangsa di rantau Asia Pasifik. Struktur tripolar adalah struktur kuasa yang terdiri daripada tiga kuasa iaitu Amerika Syarikat, Soviet Union dan China. Ianya penting dalam memamhi percaturan kuasa yang berlaku di rantau Asia Pasifik dari tahun 1971 hingga 1991. Analisis percaturan kuasa di rantau Asia Pasifik selepas Perang Dingin berakhir juga perlu dikatkan dengan struktur tripolar yang berlaku dalam tahun-tahun 1971-1991.
Domain dan Bahasa Pilihan Tiga Generasi Etnik Bajau Sama Kota Belud
Authors: Renddan Berawati , Abdul Aziz Adi Yasran , Mohamad Hasnah , Sha’ri Sharil Nizam
Published: August 2020

Etnik Bajau Sama merupakan etnik kedua terbesar di negeri Sabah. Kawasan petempatan utama etnik Bajau Sama di Sabah terletak di Kota Belud di Pantai Barat. Sebagai masyarakat yang dwibahasa, pilihan penggunaan bahasa masyarakat yang beragama Islam ini adalah berbeza-beza mengikut generasi dan domain yang berkemungkinan tidak berpihak kepada bahasa ibunda. Teori Analisis Domain (Fishman) diterapkan bagi mengkaji pilihan bahasa dalam domain khusus oleh peserta kajian dari Kampung Taun Gusi, Kota Belud, Sabah. Kaedah tinjauan dengan soal selidik digunakan untuk mendapatkan maklumat daripada generasi pertama (GI), kedua (GII) dan ketiga (GIII). Nilai min bagi setiap kumpulan dlam domain kekeluargaan menunjukkan bahawa GI dan GII Lebih banyak menggunakan bahasa Bajau Sama manakala GIII lebih cenderung kepada bahasa Melayu. Dalam domain kejiranan, GI memilih bahasa Bajau Sama namun GII dan GIII masing-masing memilih BM. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam domain pendidikan, keagamaan, perkhidmatan dan jual beli, semua generasi memilih bahasa Melayu. Penemuan yang paling penting ialah generasi muda (GIII) kini sudah beralih kepada bahasa Melayu dalam domain kekeluargaan dan domain awam. Generasi ini bertindak sebagai pemangkin peralihan bahasa yang mendatangkan ancaman kepada daya hidup bahasa Bajau Sama, khususnya dalam domain tidak formal seperti kekeluargaan dan kejiranan. Dapatan ini menunjukkan adanya kemerosotan transmisi bahasa ibunda antara generasi dalam kalangan masyarakat etnik Bajau Sama.
Cadbury Malaysia Porcine DNA Case: Lessons from Crisis Management and Cultural Perspectives
Authors: Yu Cheng Zhen , Chan Tak Jie
Published: August 2020

Crises are inevitable and it can be happened at any point of the organization process. Thus, it is worthwhile for the organization to identify the early plan of issue or potential risk occurring within organizations as it is not easy to win the reputation warfare. Thus, this paper aims to review the Cadbury Porcine DNA case that happened in Malaysia from the perspective of crisis management and cultural approaches. The discussion of the case surrounded on the chronology of the case, crisis communication and management strategies carried out by Cadbury and lessons learned from it. This has called upon the management, especially the public relations or corporate communication department to look into it to form a strategic solution to safeguard the organization’s reputation when the crisis strike.
Barriers in Purchasing Green Cosmetic Products Among Indonesian Women
Authors: Kurnia Sahda Nabilah , Mayangsari Lidia
Published: August 2020

Nowadays, many companies sell products that they claim as 'green' cosmetics to reach public demand and attention. Yet, women are starting to be concerned about green cosmetics because they wonder if it does bring sustainability and worth the claim. This research aims to analyze women's barrier factors in purchasing green cosmetics in Indonesia. This research target population is women who live in Jakarta, and Bandung, ranging from 18-34 years old, tend to use cosmetics daily and know about green cosmetics in general. The researcher uses a quantitative approach that uses 235 sample sizes and using probability sampling and questionnaire to collect the data. The data was analyzed using SmartPLS 3.0 with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results show that the value barrier, usage barrier, risk barrier, tradition barrier, and image barrier positively influenced the purchase intention of green cosmetics products. The findings of this study can help green cosmetics brands in Indonesia sell their products to be accepted in the market.
Challenges Faced by Hearing Impairment Students During COVID-19
Authors: Krishnan Isai Amutan , Mello Geraldine De , Kok Shelen Aderina , Sabapathy Saabdev Kumar , Munian Saravanan , Ching Hee Sio , Kandasamy Pushpa , Ramalingam Selvajothi , Baskaran Shasthrika , Kanan Vasudevan Naidu
Published: August 2020

Social distancing and other protocols required during the COVID-19 pandemic have been particularly difficult for students who are disabled, especially hearing impairments students. During the Covid-19, many disabled students were impacted physically, mentally and their interactions may have been hindered. That could be one of the barriers for full and active participation in society during the Covid- 19. Therefore, this study aims to discover the challenges faced by hearing impairment students how it affects the communication and mainstreaming process. The data was collected from ten hearing impairments students and analysed qualitatively. The participants were aged between 19-22 and currently studying foundation programme in culinary arts in a skill transformation center. The participants were interviewed using impromptu interview questions via WhatsApp, which lasted about ten minutes for each participant. The findings show that there were four challenges faced by the hearing impairment students; hearing devices, disruption to comprehend the lesson, not familiar with the online devices and emotionally affected during online classes. The findings further reveal that the hearing impairment students hampered their social interactions skills towards others during the pandemic. It is hoped the findings would be useful for academicians, counsellors, doctors and other job professions to explore further research on hearing impairments and the framing of methodology to assist the hearing impairments in engaging with the society during the pandemic.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with developmental disabilities
Authors: Castilho Lia Silva de , Rampi Camila De Menezes , Cruz Alex Junio Silva , Lages Frederico Santos , Leão Daniel Marques , Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao refluxo gastroesofágico em indivíduos de 0 a 33 anos de idade com deficiências do desenvolvimento. Métodos: 628 prontuários odontológicos foram analisados. Os casos de refluxo foram anotados baseados nos relatos dos responsáveis. Variáveis com valor de p menor do que 0.25 foram incluídas no modelo de regressão logística. Variáveis com valor de p menor do que 0.05 foram consideradas como significativas no modelo final. Resultados: ser respirador bucal, usar “outros medicamentos” e ter histórico de convulsões foram fatores associados ao refluxo gastroesofágico entre pacientes com deficiências de desenvolvimento.
A atuação da odontologia hospitalar em uma unidade cardiovascular intensiva
Authors: Amaral Júnior Orlando Luiz do , Scherer Maitê Munhoz , Borges Paolla Zellya , Stolz Alexsandra Da Silva Botezeli
Published: August 2020

A intervenção odontológica em pacientes hospitalizados é necessária tanto para evitar o desenvolvimento de doenças sistêmicas, como para diminuir as consequências daquelas já instaladas, resultando em um relacionamento direto entre o cirurgião-dentista, paciente, equipe multiprofissional e a instituição hospitalar. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a atuação de uma equipe odontológica em Unidade de Cardiologia Intensiva (UCI); uma subunidade de uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de um Hospital Universitário. Um total de 312 pacientesrecebeuacompanhamento odontológico no período em que estiveram internados entre janeiro de 2015 e dezembro 2017. A maioria dos pacientes que foi atendida na UCI tinha idade superior a 60 anos. Este texto enfatiza a importância da presença deCirurgiões Dentistas em ambiente hospitalar, considerando que há uma série de ações preventivas, diagnósticas, terapêuticas e paliativas em saúde bucal que podem influenciar a saúde sistêmica e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.Em suma, a atenção odontológica favorece a atenção integral ao paciente, sendo fundamental para a prevenção de agravos, melhorando sintomas que causam desconforto e afetam o bem-estar do paciente.
Percepção e Enfrentamento da Crise Econômica por Trabalhadores
Authors: Araújo Marley Rosana Melo de , Santos Daiane Nunes dos , Santos Letícia Santana , Leal Rose Milena dos Anjos
Published: August 2020

Em tempos de crise, os indivíduos passam por situações estressantes e grande insegurança. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar como trabalhadores de uma capital nordestina percebem e lidam com a atual crise econômica. Pretendeu-se identificar as percepções sobre a crise vigente e as estratégias de enfrentamento (coping) utilizadas para lidar com esse fenômeno. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório, com foco qualitativo de análise, na qual se utilizou como técnica a entrevista semiestruturada, reflexiva e individual. Como resultados apurou-se que: a) a crise econômica é uma situação estressora que produziu consequências em diferentes âmbitos da vida dos entrevistados e; b) as estratégias utilizadas tiveram foco no problema ou foco na emoção, prevalecendo as estratégias adaptativas.
Uma Discussão sobre Relações Pessoa-Cultura em Processos Terapêutico-Educacionais nos Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo
Authors: Freitas Djalma Francisco Costa Lisboa de
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho discute o lugar de processos terapêutico-educacionais junto a pessoas diagnosticadas com transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA). O TEA é descrito como um transtorno do desenvolvimento que afeta a interação social, a comunicação, os comportamentos e o processamento sensorial da pessoa. As reflexões presentes neste trabalho partem da discussão de como os constructos teórico-metodológicos da perspectiva evolucionista e da perspectiva da psicologia cultural podem contribuir para a compreensão acerca do desenvolvimento da pessoa diagnosticada com TEA, bem como, sobre o posicionamento de responsabilidade ética nos processos terapêuticoeducacionais com essas pessoas. Destaca-se que, ao falar de compreensão e intervenção terapêutico-educacional sobre o desenvolvimento de pessoas diagnosticadas com TEA, estão implicados processos ligados a níveis filogenéticos, ontogenéticos e sociogenéticos de seleção/variação de formas pessoais e coletivas de funcionamento na relação pessoa-cultura. Conclui-se que os mecanismos semiótico-culturais – como a saúde e educação - assumem sua posição enquanto movimentos regulatórios e de responsabilidade ética sobre as pessoas diagnosticada com TEA.
Atos na Adolescência: Uma Resposta diante da Angústia e do Desamparo
Authors: Jucá Vládia Jamile Dos Santos , Vorcaro Ângela Maria Resende
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo discute, a partir de dois casos clínicos, o acting out e a passagem ao ato como respostas diante da angústia. Objetiva-se trazer à tona outras possibilidades de entendimento para os atos inscritos nas trajetórias das jovens, demonstrando ser a construção de casos uma ferramenta imprescindível para a ampliação das reflexões teóricas, sobretudo quando se trata de adolescentes. O trabalho clínico relatado no artigo é fruto de um projeto de extensão e pesquisa desenvolvido em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial à Infância e à Adolescência em Salvador. Foram atendidas adolescentes para quem o Outro primordial foi inconstante e apresentou-se em franca ambivalência. Jovens marcadas por um intenso sofrimento psíquico, construído e agudizado pela constante violação de direitos, com o agravo da fragilidade assistencial das instituições responsáveis pela proteção social e pelo cuidado. Como horizonte ético e teórico, a psicanálise lacaniana serviu de referência, em diálogo com as políticas públicas destinadas à infância e à adolescência. A partir do trabalho realizado, observou-se que os atos dos adolescentes funcionam ora como apelos dirigidos a seus cuidadores para que afirmem o valor de suas vidas, ora como tentativa de inaugurar outra história para si, mesmo através das repetições dos atos que as lançavam, paradoxalmente, na direção das identificações produtoras de mortificação. O manejo dos casos trouxe desafios importantes como o de sustentar o valor da palavra dos adolescentes, enquanto subjetividades em constituição, sem deles demandar explicitamente a interrupção dos comportamentos apresentados.
Apreensão do Sofrimento do Adulto Ofensor Sexual em Intervenção Psicossocial: Uma Etnografia
Authors: Nogueira Raiane Nunes , Costa Liana Fortunato , Passarela Cássia De Freitas Teixeira , Setúbal Cássio Bravin
Published: August 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo apreender o sofrimento dos homens autores de violência sexual por meio de uma etnografia realizada em uma unidade de saúde durante uma intervenção psicossocial grupal. As intervenções com ofensores sexuais visam a restabelecer direitos humanos de atenção à saúde e complementar a responsabilização judicial. Entretanto, para desenvolver e aprimorar intervenções efetivas, é necessário o entendimento dos aspectos clínicos envolvidos no ato da ofensa sexual. O conhecimento desses aspectos é possível tanto por meio da literatura quanto por meio da experiência clínica com esses homens. Assim, realizou-se uma etnografia em uma unidade de saúde pública especializada no atendimento de homens ofensores sexuais. A etnografia se caracteriza pela tentativa de entendimento profundo dos sujeitos a partir de um denso diário de campo. Participaram das intervenções oito homens durante oito encontros, de três horas e meia, com temas pré-prédefinidos. A partir da análise do diário de campo, observou-se uma categoria que diz respeito ao sofrimento dos ofensores sexuais antes, durante e após o cumprimento da medida judicial. O sofrimento antes da denúncia está relacionado com violências físicas e sexuais sofridas enquanto crianças e adolescentes. O sofrimento durante o cumprimento da medida judicial está relacionado tanto ao ambiente inóspito das prisões brasileiras quanto aos estigmas associados a esse tipo de crime, que envolve discriminação e isolamento com relação a outros presos e agentes penitenciários. Por fim, o sofrimento após o cumprimento da medida também está relacionado com os estigmas de ser um ofensor sexual e os prejuízos são individuais, relacionais, comunitários e sociais. A partir das informações, aponta-se para o sofrimento como um aspecto clínico a ser considerado tanto no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de enfrentamento dessa violência quanto por unidades de saúde especializadas no atendimento dessa população.
Homofobia e Escola: Uma Revisão Sistematizada da Literatura
Authors: Santos Jean Jesus , Cerqueira-Santos Elder
Published: August 2020

A homofobia no contexto escolar é um problema grave devido aos modos sutis e flagrantes como ocorre e suas consequências. O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar uma revisão sistemática de literatura científica brasileira que utiliza a expressão homofobia relacionada ao contexto escolar e caracterizar essas produções. Os levantamentos foram feitos utilizando os descritores “homofobia” e “escola” nas bases de dados: Scielo, Pepsic e Lilacs. Os 12 artigos que compõem o corpus da pesquisa têm abordagens metodológicas quantitativas e qualitativas e as fontes de dados são alunos e professores do ensino básico, livros didáticos e dicionários, vídeos e publicações em sites específicos. Os principais resultados desta revisão confirmam a existência de homofobia nas escolas, manifestando-se principalmente de forma sutil. Indicam que há reprodução de informações que contribuem para manutenção da homofobia em materiais didáticos, por meio de injúrias ou silenciamento em relação à diversidade sexual. Também apontam a necessidade de se refletir sobre temáticas relacionadas à sexualidade nesse contexto e destacam a importância de abordagens mais significativas desses assuntos na formação docente, bem como nas escolas, visto que isso contribui para o combate à homofobia nesse ambiente.
Sentidos Produzidos por Profissionais de Saúde na Atenção a Comunidades Quilombolas do Vale do Guaporé
Authors: Batista Eraldo Carlos , Rocha Kátia Bones
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar os sentidos produzidos por profissionais de saúde em relação à atenção à saúde em três comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Guaporé, no estado de Rondônia. O recurso metodológico utilizado foi a abordagem qualitativa. A construção do corpus foi realizada a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis profissionais de saúde e a técnica de análise foi a análise do discurso influenciada pela perspectiva do construcionismo social. Os sentidos produzidos pelos profissionais, apontados por meio de suas falas, permitiram a identificação de quatro repertórios interpretativos: 1) construção social do remanescente quilombola a partir da diferença: cordialidade, atraso e desinteresse; 2) problemas de saúde mental na comunidade; 3) aspectos sociais, culturais e simbólicos da comunidade como práticas de cuidado em saúde mental; e 4) entraves na atenção: distanciamentos teórico-práticos e (i)mobilidades. As reflexões relativas aos discursos ora apresentados apontam para a necessidade de capacitação e de formação continuada dos profissionais em saúde da população negra para que haja uma reflexão crítica da realidade e dos condicionantes sociais inerentes à saúde dessa população.
Características da Violência Contra Professores de Escolas Públicas
Authors: Aragão Pinheiro Francisco Pablo Huascar , Belo Raquel Pereira , Feijão Ana Raquel Cardoso , Pereira Ana Alice
Published: August 2020

O trabalho docente no Brasil sofre com questões estruturais, entre as quais está a violência escolar. As investigações brasileiras e internacionais sobre esse tema tendem a se concentrar nas agressões sofridas pelos alunos. As pesquisas nacionais sobre professores carecem de informações sobre as taxas gerais de vitimização, os tipos de agressões sofridas, os perpetradores dos atos violentos e as variáveis preditoras. A pesquisa ora apresentada teve como objetivos: 1) determinar a natureza e a dimensão da violência direcionada a professores, considerando o tipo de agressão e o respectivo perpetrador; 2) analisar aspectos demográficos que estão associados às vitimizações relatadas. Participaram 744 professores, da educação infantil e do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas de um município cearense, que responderam voluntariamente a um instrumento padronizado autoaplicável. Os resultados revelaram que 62,2% dos professores relataram ao menos uma forma de vitimização e, destes, 42,5% indicaram ter sofrido atos violentos oriundos de alunos. Mais da metade da amostra reportou ao menos um ato de assédio verbal; quase um terço afirmou ter sofrido atentados contra a propriedade; 21,5% apontaram terem sido vítimas de agressões físicas e 8,6% afirmaram ter recebido ofertas de drogas. Os achados indicaram que havia uma maior probabilidade de homens, bem como professores que atuavam em classes de ensino fundamental II e docentes com contratos efetivos, relatarem uma frequência superior de atos violentos. Não houve diferenças nas taxas de vitimização quando se observaram a raça e a etnia dos participantes, com exceção dos indivíduos que se declararam amarelos, indígenas ou que preferiram não dar essa informação, para os quais houve uma maior incidência de insultos sexistas.
Cotas Raciais na Universidade: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Psicologia Brasileira
Authors: Andrade de Oliveira Iara , Maia Viana Luciana Maria , Souza Lima Tiago Jessé
Published: August 2020

As discussões sobre cotas nas universidades reúnem diversos argumentos, polarizando opiniões sobre sua implantação. Acerca disso, estudos relacionam a oposição às cotas ao racismo e apontam, também, para os usos de argumentos que envolvem as ações afirmativas como forma de legitimar a discriminação contra negros e pobres. Na literatura em psicologia ainda são poucos os estudos que abordam a temática do racismo. Partindo disso, este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a produção científica brasileira em psicologia sobre cotas raciais nas universidades. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, na qual foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados SciELO, PePSIC, Index Psi e LILACS, reunindo 11 artigos. A análise dos artigos identificou lacunas nas descrições dos métodos e pequena variedade nas estratégias de coleta e de análise de dados. A teoria das representações sociais foi a base teórica mais utilizada. Em relação ao conteúdo dos artigos, o corpus foi organizado em dois grandes eixos temáticos: (a) opiniões sobre cotas, com a maioria dos artigos, e (b) vivência de estudantes cotistas. O primeiro grupo de artigos tinha o intuito de conhecer o posicionamento de determinados grupos ou documentos sobre a lei de cotas. O segundo grupo, com apenas dois estudos, buscou conhecer a vivência de estudantes que ingressaram na universidade por meio da lei de cotas. Esses achados, provenientes de um reduzido número de pesquisas sobre a temática, apontam para um campo de estudo que ainda precisa ser explorado, priorizando diferentes estratégias metodológicas na compreensão do fenômeno.
Evaluation of the chemical composition of gas- and particle-phase products of aromatic oxidation
Authors: Mehra Archit , Wang Yuwei , Krechmer Jordan E. , Lambe Andrew , Majluf Francesca , Morris Melissa A. , Priestley Michael , Bannan Thomas J. , Bryant Daniel J. , Pereira Kelly L. , Hamilton Jacqueline F. , Rickard Andrew R. , Newland Mike J. , Stark Harald , Croteau Philip , Jayne John T. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Wang Lin , Coe Hugh
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key anthropogenic pollutants emitted to the atmosphere and are important for both ozone and secondary
organic aerosol (SOA) formation in urban areas. Recent studies have indicated that aromatic hydrocarbons may follow previously unknown oxidation
chemistry pathways, including autoxidation that can lead to the formation of highly oxidised products. In this study we evaluate the gas- and
particle-phase ions measured by online mass spectrometry during the hydroxyl radical oxidation of substituted C9-aromatic isomers
(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, propylbenzene and isopropylbenzene) and a substituted polyaromatic hydrocarbon (1-methylnaphthalene) under low- and medium-NOx conditions. A time-of-flight chemical ionisation mass spectrometer (ToF-CIMS) with iodide–anion ionisation was used with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols
(FIGAERO) for the detection of products in the particle phase, while a Vocus proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (Vocus-PTR-MS) was used for the
detection of products in the gas phase. The signal of product ions observed in the mass spectra were compared for the different precursors and
experimental conditions. The majority of mass spectral product signal in both the gas and particle phases comes from ions which are common to all
precursors, though signal distributions are distinct for different VOCs. Gas- and particle-phase composition are distinct from one another. Ions
corresponding to products contained in the near-explicit gas phase Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM version 3.3.1) are utilised as a benchmark of current
scientific understanding, and a comparison of these with observations shows that the MCM is missing a range of highly oxidised products from its
mechanism. In the particle phase, the bulk of the product signal from all precursors comes from ring scission ions, a large proportion of which are more oxidised
than previously reported and have undergone further oxidation to form highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs). Under the perturbation of OH oxidation
with increased NOx, the contribution of HOM-ion signals to the particle-phase signal remains elevated for more substituted
aromatic precursors. Up to 43 % of product signal comes from ring-retaining ions including HOMs; this is most important for the more
substituted aromatics. Unique products are a minor component in these systems, and many of the dominant ions have ion formulae concurrent with other
systems, highlighting the challenges in utilising marker ions for SOA.
REMOTE SENSING APPROACH TO EVALUATE POST-FIRE VEGETATION STRUCTURE
Authors: Novo A. , González-Jorge H. , Martínez-Sánchez J. , Lorenzo H.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Spain is included in the top five European countries with the highest number of wildfires. Forest fire can produce significant impacts on the structure and functioning of natural ecosystems. After a forest fire, the evaluation of the damage severity and spatial patterns are important for forest recovery planning, which plays a critical role in the sustainability of the forest ecosystem. The process of forest recovery and the ecological and physiological functions of the burned forest area should be continuously monitored. Remote sensing technologies and in special LiDAR are useful to describe the structure of vegetation. The vegetation modelling and the initial changes of forest plant composition are studied in the forest after mapping the burned areas using Landsat-7 images and Sentinel-2 images. Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) index and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NVVI) is calculated as well as the difference before and after fire. The evaluation of temporal changes of vegetation are analysed by statistical variables of the point cloud, average height, standard deviation and variance. Fraction Canopy Cover (FCC) also is calculated and the point cloud is classified following the fuel model by Prometheus. An analysis method based on satellite images was completed in order to analyse the evolution of vegetation in areas that suffer forest fire.
INTRA- AND INTER-ANNUAL TRENDS OF SUN-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE (SIF) FOR CONTRASTING VEGETATION TYPES OF INDIA
Authors: Padalia H. , Kumari S. , Sinha S. K. , Nandy S. , Chauhan P.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The photosynthesis governs productivity and health of the forests. Traditionally, remote sensing derived reflectance measures have been used to assess forest phenology, productivity and stress. The chlorophyll pigments absorb solar radiation, and emit fluorescence in far red region of electromagnetic spectrum. Chlorophyll fluorescence directly relates to the photosynthetic activity of the plants. Measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence from space has recently been achieved in the form of Sun-Induced Fluorescence (SIF). But SIF response have been found variable with respect to variation in vegetation type, hence, there is a need to study SIF response of tropical forests of India considering their wide extent, contribution to national carbon cycle and climate resilience. In this study, intra- and inter-annual GOME-2 and OCO-2 SIF responses of contrasting Indian tropical forest types viz., dry deciduous (Betul, Madhya Pradesh), moist deciduous (Kalahandi, Orissa) and wet evergreen forests (Uttara Kannada, Karnataka) has been investigated with respect to rainfall, NDVI and GPP trends. The results show that dry, moist and wet forests of India have differences in photosynthetic activity at intra- and inter-annual scale. GOME-2 SIF observations were more variables than OCO-2 SIF, particularly during green-up and senescence phase. SIF explained higher seasonality for dry deciduous followed by moist deciduous and wet evergreen. Annually integrated SIF (proxy of GPP) was in order: wet evergreen > moist deciduous > dry deciduous.
APPLICATION OF TREE DETECTION METHODS OVER LIDAR DATA FOR FOREST VOLUME ESTIMATION
Authors: Pirotti F. , Paterno C. , Pividori M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Lidar (light detection and ranging) data are becoming more and more important in the analysis of the most relevant forest parameters. This study aims to compare the most recent segmentation methods for single trees using the ALS (Airborne Laser Scanning) point cloud and the CHM (Canopy Height Model). The methods used were the Li et al., method developed in 2012 and the Multi CHM method developed in 2015. The parameters analysed were the height and diameter for the individual trees and the volume and density for the entire forest. The efficiency of each method was verified by comparing the estimated parameters with those measured through 30 test areas. To better identify the useful parameters for the correct calibration of the algorithms, the population was divided into three layers according to the vertical structure and chronological class. From the comparison of the volumes obtained with the above methods and those calculated for the test areas, it emerges a tendency to over-segment for the Multi CHM method, while for the appropriately calibrated Li method there is a better correspondence to reality. The F-score values for the volumes obtained for the Li method are between 0.52 and 0.69 while for those obtained for the Multi CHM method are between 0.47 and 0.55. When compared with relascopic measures for each of the 48 parcels, a mean absolute difference ∼127 m3/ha and ∼141 m3/ha were found for Li2012 and MultiCHM respectively.
MILLIMETRE MOON MEASUREMENT: 50 YEARS OF LUNAR LASER RANGING SINCE APOLLO 11!
Authors: Brock J. F.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Since the dawn of time the Moon has held fascination for the earliest humans who saw it as a natural navigational beacon, a heavenly body to be revered and a poetic inspiration. Ancient art features the Moon as a prominent subject from all epochs and genres. The name “lunatic” infers that it drives men insane. Giant tides and rapid recessions of water are all attributed to its gravitational influence. As a young boy I was thrilled by stories of Moon travel like Jules Verne’s “From the Earth to the Moon” plus TV shows and movies such as “Lost in Space”, “Star Trek” and “Dr. Who.”The Russian-American “Space Race” focussed on the exciting possibility of man landing on the Moon. I cannot forget the live telecast of the Apollo 11 astronauts on the Moon’s surface in 1969 when I was 13 years old. Four years later I decided to be a land boundary surveyor trained in precise measurement for land title creation. My curiosity was alerted to the Apollo 11 laser ranging aspect of the project when the US team set up a bank of retro-reflectors for measurements from powerful devices on the Earth in the same way we Earthly surveyors make our daily measurements using such EDM equipment.In this paper I will describe the techniques and equipment utilised during this accurate Moon positioning project. You will also see the Earth observatories still measuring to five sites on the Moon and some ancient admirable attempts to determine this distance.
AUTOMATIC DETECTION AND RECOGNITION OF ROAD INTERSECTIONS FOR ROAD EXTRACTION FROM IMAGERY
Authors: Li P. , Li Y. , Feng J. , Ma Z. , Li X.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Automatic road extraction from remote sensing imagery is very useful for many applications involved with geographic information. For road extraction of urban areas, road intersections offer stable and reliable information for extraction of road network, with higher completeness and accuracy. In this paper, a segmentation-shape analysis based method is proposed to detect road intersections and their branch directions from an image. In the region of interest, it uses the contour shape of the segmented-intersection area to form a feature vector representing its geometric information. The extracted feature vector is then matched with some template vectors in order to find the best matched intersection pattern, obtain the type of intersection and the direction of connected roads. The experimental analysis are carried out with ISPRS Vaihingen and Toronto images. The experimental results show that the proposed method can extract most of the road intersections correctly. For the Vaihingen image, the the completeness and correctness are 81% and 87%, respectfully, while for the Toronto image, the the completeness and correctness are 78% and 85%, respectfully. It can help to build more correct and complete road network.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF URBAN THERMAL ENVIRONMENT – A CASE STUDY OF QINGDAO，CHINA
Authors: Liu Y. , Qi J. , Wang G. , Wang J.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The thermal environment is an important part of spatial planning of national land. It can be inverted by thermal infrared remote sensing image data. Qingdao is an important coastal city in China which is effected by the urban heat island. The driving factors of urban thermal environment in Qingdao are analysed by using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS images, DMSP/OLS data, ZY-3 images, statistical data et al. Firstly, the urban heat island information in different periods are retrieved by Landsat8 TIRS by the surface temperature. On this basis, the coupling analysis of the characteristics of vegetation cover, water, land use type, night light, urban impervious surface, transportation, change density and other factors that related to spatial planning of national land and the change of thermal environment is completed from two dimensions of time and space. At the same time, according to the spatial distribution of the heat island evolution, with the aim of improving the thermal environment and optimizing the urban spatial layout of Qingdao, the paper puts forward reasonable suggestions and improvement strategies, and provides basic reference data for the development of urban heat island governance and land development and utilization.
OBJECT DETECTION WITH THE HIGH-FREQUENCY CHANGE OF OBJECTS CLASSES
Authors: Lou L. , Zhang S. , Zhang S.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. With the development of deep learning, object detection has a significantly improvement. But most of algorithms only focus on the detection accuracy and speed, they do not consider the difficulty of making training datasets and the time consumption of training detection models, which will have a bad influence on the performance of detection model when the class of objects change in high frequency. This paper proposes a method named double network detection (DN detection), it can improve the efficiency of making training datasets and shorten the time of training model. At the same time, the experiment shows that the DN detection have a good performance in accuracy and speed.
DATA MINING APPLIED FOR DETERMINING STREAM FLOW PERMANENCE
Authors: Mallmann P. , Montibeller A. , Hino F. , Vilela M. , Nadas M. , Caruso Jr. F. , Delabary H.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Streamflow permanence is an aspect of great legal importance in Brazil, because streams, depending on their flow regime, are protected or not by law. Various methods, from field methods to computational methods, are used to determine the flow regime of streams, however some are too time spending and computational methods usually need gaging information as input. Furthermore, computational methods used to extract drainage networks do not identify the flow regimes of streams, and modelled drainage networks always need to be refined manually, as some authors indicate that up to 55% of modelled drainage length is ephemeral in some cases. This work proposes a semi-automatic computational method to determine the flow regime of first order streams, which uses 11 morphometric attributes of the mini drainage basins of these streams to develop a classification model using decision tree algorithms. WEKA package was used to perform the data mining process, which resulted on the development of a compact 8 node decision tree. Ten-fold stratified cross-validation was used to validate the model, which obtained an accuracy rate of 70%. The drainage network of the study area extracted with the classical approach was refined after the result of the classification was obtained. Quantitative analysis of channel length by Strahler order shows an overall reduction of 25% in channel length after refinement was undertaken, and for 1st order streams, as much as 31% were classified as ephemeral. Modelling the drainage areas of headwater streams represents a new approach to determining stream flow permanence, and inclusion of new attributes in the model may yield better results in future research.
ORIENTED VEHICLE DETECTION IN HIGH-RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGES BASED ON FEATURE AMPLIFICATION AND CATEGORY BALANCE BY OVERSAMPLING DATA AUGMENTATION
Authors: Mo N. , Yan L.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Vehicles usually lack detailed information and are difficult to be trained on the high-resolution remote sensing images because of small size. In addition, vehicles contain multiple fine-grained categories that are slightly different, randomly located and oriented. Therefore, it is difficult to locate and identify these fine categories of vehicles. Considering the above problems in high-resolution remote sensing images, this paper proposes an oriented vehicle detection approach. First of all, we propose an oversampling and stitching method to augment the training dataset by increasing the frequency of objects with fewer training samples in order to balance the number of objects in each fine-grained vehicle category. Then considering the effect of the pooling operations on representing small objects, we propose to improve the resolution of feature maps so that detailed information hidden in feature maps can be enriched and they can better distinguish the fine-grained vehicle categories. Finally, we design a joint training loss function for horizontal and oriented bounding boxes with center loss, to decrease the impact of small between-class diversity on vehicle detection. Experimental verification is performed on the VEDAI dataset consisting of 9 fine-grained vehicle categories so as to evaluate the proposed framework. The experimental results show that the proposed framework performs better than most of competitive approaches in terms of a mean average precision of 60.7% and 60.4% in detecting horizontal and oriented bounding boxes respectively.
VERY HIGH RESOLUTION LAND COVER MAPPING OF URBAN AREAS AT GLOBAL SCALE WITH CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Tilak T. , Braun A. , Chandler D. , David N. , Galopin S. , Lombard A. , Michaud M. , Parisel C. , Porte M. , Robert M.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This paper describes a methodology to produce a 7-classes land cover map of urban areas from very high resolution images and limited noisy labeled data. The objective is to make a segmentation map of a large area (a french department) with the following classes: asphalt, bare soil, building, grassland, mineral material (permeable artificialized areas), forest and water from 20cm aerial images and Digital Height Model.We created a training dataset on a few areas of interest aggregating databases, semi-automatic classification, and manual annotation to get a complete ground truth in each class.A comparative study of different encoder-decoder architectures (U-Net, U-Net with Resnet encoders, Deeplab v3+) is presented with different loss functions.The final product is a highly valuable land cover map computed from model predictions stitched together, binarized, and refined before vectorization.
EXTRACTION OF THE INDIVIDUAL TREE INFECTED BY PINE WILT DISEASE USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE OPTICAL IMAGERY
Authors: Zhou X. , Liao L. , Cheng D. , Chen X. , Huang Q.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. For eliminating pine trees infected pine wilt disease in southern China based on remote sensing technique, it is important to ensure the provision of timely information about individual diseased tree. It is not easy to detect and extract the diseased pine trees from conventional remote sensing techniques. This paper proposes a new approach for extracting information about individual diseased tree, without the use of satellite images and aerial hyperspectral images. Field measurements in different leaf infected stages indicates the possibility of extracting diseased trees by using only the three regular bands, red, green and blue. VEG was selected and proved to be the optimal index in 12 vegetation indices from the three visible bands. Using the adaptive local threshold selection methods, VEG grayscale image pixels could be automatically segmented into the diseased trees region. Based on mathematical morphology, the accuracy of individual tree information extraction reached 90%.
DEFORMATION MONITORING USING SAR INTERFEROMETRY AND ACTIVE AND PASSIVE REFLECTORS
Authors: Crosetto M. , Luzi G. , Monserrat O. , Barra A. , Cuevas-González M. , Palamá R. , Krishnakumar V. , Wassie Y. , Mirmazloumi S. M. , Espín-López P. , Crippa B.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This paper is focused on SAR interferometry for deformation monitoring, based on the use of passive and active reflectors. Such reflectors are needed in all cases where a sufficient response from the ground is not available. In particular, the paper describes the development of a low-cost active reflector. This development was carried out in an EU H2020 project called GIMS. The paper summarizes the key characteristics of the developed active reflector. The reflector was tested in two main experiments: the first one located in the campus of CTTC and the second one in a GIMS test site located in Slovenia. The experiments demonstrate the visibility of the active reflectors and provide the first results concerning the phase stability of such devices.
GROUND DEFORMATION MONITORING AT CONTINENTAL SCALE: THE EUROPEAN GROUND MOTION SERVICE
Authors: Crosetto M. , Solari L. , Balasis-Levinsen J. , Casagli N. , Frei M. , Oyen A. , Moldestad D. A.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The Persistent Scatterer Interferometry is a powerful technique for ground motion detection and monitoring over wide areas. In the recent years, PSI has undergone a rapid evolution, largely thanks to the launch of the Copernicus Sentinel-1 constellation, the refinement of algorithms, and the increased computational capabilities. These factors allow for using Sentinel-1 interferometric data to develop ground deformation services for wide-area monitoring. Firstly, we review examples of services for national or regional deformation monitoring. The paper then describes the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS), part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service. The EGMS represents a unique initiative for performing ground deformation monitoring on a European scale.
LAND SUBSIDENCE MONITORING IN DEZHOU CITY BASED ON SBAS-INSAR TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Huang G. , Fan H. , Lu L. , Yu W.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. To monitor the large area land subsidence in Dezhou city, Shandong province, China. This paper uses 23 scenes of Sentinel-1A radar images from August 2017 to February 2019, and based on small baseline subset (SBAS) technology to obtain the subsidence information in Dezhou urban area. The monitoring results show that: Dezhou city has a serious subsidence phenomenon in large coverage area. A subsidence funnel with Chenzhuang as the center was formed. The average annual subsidence rate (along the vertical direction) of the subsidence center exceeded 45 mm/yr. There was also a serious subsidence phenomenon in the eastern and northeastern parts of the urban area, and there was a tendency of forming a whole area. After detailed data analysis, it is found that the ground subsidence presents seasonal characteristics closely related to the groundwater level and is affected by large-scale engineering construction on the surface.
AN IMPROVED SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR IMAGE DENOISING METHOD BASED ON BLOCK-MATCHING AND 3D FILTERING
Authors: Liu X. , Lu X. , Ma L.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Block-matching and 3D filtering (BM3D) are used to reduce the multiplicative coherent speckle noise of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, which may lead to the loss of image details. This paper proposes an improved similarity metric BM3D algorithm. Firstly, this method analyses the coherent speckle noise model, and applies a logarithmic transformation to make the BM3D algorithm suitable for multiplicative noise. Secondly, this method based on the calculation method of Euclidean distance weights for similar image blocks, and the Pearson correlation coefficient is introduced to improve the similarity metric. The accuracy of similar image block matching is improved, which is beneficial for removing image noise and maintaining image information. The experiments in this paper compared the results of this method with Frost filtering, Kuan filtering, wavelet soft thresholding and SAR-BM3D filtering algorithms. The results were compared and analysed by subjective vision and objective indicators. The experimental results show that compared with other filtering algorithms, the proposed algorithm has better ability to reduce speckle noise and preserve edge detail information for the image.