bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Epigean Beetles from the Grassland Located in Bilbor, Harghita County
Authors: HÂNGAN Ilie Daniel , HULUJAN Ionuţ Bogdan , FLORIAN Teodora , OLTEAN Ion
Published: January 2023

Barber traps were used to monitor the coleopteran fauna of grasslands in the Bilbor area. In 2017, 268 specimens were collected using Barber traps. They belong to 55 species, systematically classified in 13 families. Of the total catches, 58.2% are represented by phytophagous beetles and 41.8% of them are predatory beetles. Most catches belong to the Carabidae family, with 75 specimens represented by 14 species. Most of the specimens caught belong to the species Carabus ulrichii Germar. In 2018, 305 copies were collected. They belong to 56 species, systematically classified in 13 families. This year too, most catches belong to the Carabidae family, which means 25.9% of the total catches. Most of the captured specimens belong to the species Harpalus tardus Panz. In the two years, 573 beetles, belonging to 65 species, were captured. Of the species reported, 31 are phytophagous species and 34 are zoophagous. According to the Ecological Significance Index (W) 5 species are accessory with the value of the index between 1.1-5.0% (Carabus ulrichii Germar, Harpalus distinguendus Duft., Ips amitinus Eichh., Ips typographus L. and Olibrus affinis Sturm.).
The Need to Restore Post-Industrial Ecosystems: Importance and Functions of Riparian Brownfields
Authors: VIDICAN Roxana , PLEȘA Anca , MIHĂIESCU Tania , MĂLINAȘ Anamaria , POP Bianca
Published: January 2023

Healthy riparian areas are of unique importance for delivering a variety of valuable ecological services. Here, we evaluate to which extend the restoration of urban riparian brownfields could increase the amount of ecosystem services provided by this type of habitat. The research was conducted on a post-industrial site located in Baia Mare city, Romania, historically polluted with heavy metals (HM). The ecosystem services provided by this disturbed ecosystem were assessed according to the list of ecosystem services proposed by the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES), and considering the local plant species diversity. Our results showed a limited number of ecosystem services delivered by the disturbed ecosystem analyzed and a species composition mostly formed by non-valuable species. While some groups of plant species identified are native for the riparian habitat, a high percent from species compositions is occupied by the invasive alien species Reynoutria japonica Houtt., impacting the importance and functions of this site. Based on these findings we proposed a list of plant species which could be used in the restoration of this post-industrial ecosystem. This research highlighted the importance of restoration actions on the range of ecosystem services delivered by riparian post-industrial sites.
The Resistance of Sunflower to the Attack of Some Pathogenic Agents in the Climate Conditions of the Northeast Baragan
Authors: OPREA Daniela , JOITA-PACUREANU Maria , ANTON Florin Gabriel , RISNOVEANU Luxita
Published: January 2023

Due to its national economic importance, the sunflower crop has established itself as the main oleaginous crop cultivated in Romania. It faces several diseases that are difficult to fight chemically. The creation of hybrids resistant to the attack of pathogens has proven to be an effective, safe, and environmentally friendly solution. This paper aims to examine the resistance of some biological sunflower creations created in Romania, to the attack of Phomopsis helianthi and Phoma macdonaldi fungi, in 2021. The experiment was placed in field conditions with a natural infestation, at A.R.D.S. Braila. The used biological material was represented by nine new sunflower hybrids. Two problem pathogens were studied: Phomopsis helianthi (perfect stage Diaporthe helianthi) and Phoma macdonaldi (perfect stage Leptosphaeria lindquistii). The climatic conditions of 2021 were favorable for the growth of the pathogens. Phoma macdonaldi had an average attack frequency of 38.8% and an average attack intensity of 1.71%, while Phomopsis helianthi recorded average values of 67.8% and 3.08%, respectively. The lowest attack degree of the Phoma macdonaldi pathogen was found in H3 (0.35%). Regarding the pathogen Phomopsis helianthi, the hybrid H3 showed good resistance, with an attack degree of 1.64%.
Pig Carcass Quality Evolution in Romania
Authors: LADOȘI Ioan I. , VIȘAN Mihai , CĂLIANU Paula , LADOȘI Daniela
Published: January 2023

The Romanian Carcass Classification Commission (RCCC) was established in 2004 and it became the official partner for delivering carcass quality information to the European Commission in 2007. RCCC is the NGO serving the interests of the private stakeholders in the meat chain (farmers, slaughterhouses, processors, and traders), which guarantees the neutrality and objectivity of carcass quality assessment according to SEUROP grading system’s legally binding rules. Considering the importance of an independent assessment of the slaughter pig quality for the entire food chain, the analysis of the carcass quality evolution in Romania is important for future benchmarking and trend assessments as well. The current review is based on the public data developed in time by the RCCC. It demonstrates the importance of a professional organization measuring the quality of carcass in slaughtered pigs and its impact on the meat chain as a whole, both for its stakeholders and consumers. It also highlights the evolution of the pig carcasses produced in Romania, underlining the main factors involved and expected trends under the current circumstances of the presence and spread of the African Swine Fever virus (ASF) within Romania in the last four years. The main conclusion is that while the carcass quality improved over time, the graded carcass number decreased after 2017, primarily due to ASF outbreaks in commercial farms and the overall reduction of the farmed pig inventory, and increasing dependence of Romanian consumers on imports.
Hematological Parameters of Alpine Goats in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: LIVNJAK Amela , HADŽIMUSIĆ Nejra
Published: January 2023

The aim of our study was to assess the values of hematological profile of Alpine goats in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to monitor health status of goats; moreover, to determine the effect of age on hematological parameters of goats. A total of 40 apparently healthy Alpine goats included in this study were divided into four groups according to age: <1 year old (Group 1), 1 to 3 years old (Group 2), 3 to 5 years old (Group 3) and >5 years old (Group 4). The following hematological parameters were measured: Red Blood Cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Reticulocyte count (RETIC), White Blood Cell (WBC), as well as white blood cells differentiation and determination of absolute values white blood cells; platelet count (PLT), and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV). All values investigated in our study were within reference range, except MCHC, percentage of neutrophils and percentage of monocytes. For investigated hematologic parameters, significant (P < 0.05) age-related differences were found for HCT, MCV, MCHC, WBC, lymphocytes and platelet count. Recorded differences might be influenced by undetected infections, genetics, nutrition, fluctuations in the climate or management.
Bactericidal Capacity of Serum and Enhancement of Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity Subsequent to Hipopphae Rhamnoides Treatment in Pigs
Authors: RUSU Laura Andreea , VASIU Aurel , PALL Emoke , OLAH Diana Ioana , CERBU Constantin , ŞANDRU Carmen Dana , DUCA Gheorghița , SPÎNU Marina
Published: January 2023

Low-input farming subject’s swine to increased immune stress and subsequent infectious risk, which could be prevented by phytotherapy. Hypopphae rhamnoides is a widespread shrub in both Europe and Asia. The research aimed at investigating the influence of a whole fruit extract on antibacterial effect of the serum in extensively raised, two batches, sea buckthorn in vivo treated/untreated pigs. Scavenging effect over DPPH was used to estimate the antioxidant potential of the sea buckthorn commercial syrup (Steaua Divina©). Minimal inhibiting (MIC) and minimal bactericidal (MBC) capacity of the serum were tested and spectrophotometrically measured against Shigella spp., Kitococcus sedentarius, Staphylococcus werneri and Staphylococcus sciuri. The antioxidant activity of the syrup was intermediate (54.65 %). Sera from treated pigs had bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on Shigella spp. and S. sciuri, respectively. Shigella spp. growth was inhibited at serum dilutions of ½-1/32 while much lower ½-1/4 dilutions were active against S. sciuri. In untreated pigs, the sera were inefficient in either stopping or totally inhibiting bacterial growth. The MBC and MIC values obtained for the sera of pigs treated with Hippophae rhamnoides syrup supported the positive effect of the in vivo treatment inducive of potential protection against bacterial diseases.
Skin Bacteriome and its Resistance to Antibiotics in Free Range Pigs
Authors: RUSU Laura Andreea , PALL Emoke , OLAH Diana Ioana , CERBU Constantin , ŞANDRU Carmen Dana , SPÎNU Marina , DUCA Gheorghița , VASIU Aurel
Published: January 2023

The cutaneous microbiome and also its resistance to antibiotics is exposed to change, depending on different habitat factors. This research investigates the composition of cutaneous microflora and its antibiotic resistance in pigs raised on free range farms (mix breed swine, from low input small farms). Swabs were collected from the skin surface and subjected to classical microbiological methods (simple broth and nutrient agar cultivation, colony isolation and biochemical API identification). The antibacterial resistance to gentamicin, streptomycin, oxitetracycline, tylosin, amoxacillin-clavulanic acid, marbofloxacin, tulatromycin, cefotaxime and doxycycline was estimated by Kirby Bauer method and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index was calculated. Strains from Staphylococcus (sciuri and warnerii), Shigella spp., Kytococcus sedentarius, Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter freundii genera and species were identified in the collected samples. The most resistant was a S. warnerii strain, but the MAR index was high (0.33) in 50% of the strains. The most efficient antibiotic was cefotaxime and the least efficient was oxitetracycline. The results indicated the presence of antibiotic resistant ubiquitous and pathogenic strains in the investigated pigs which need caution, since they could express pathogenicity under appropriate conditions which low input farming system could provide.
Risk Assessment Regarding the Contamination of Poultry Meat with Salmonella in a High-Capacity Slaughterhouse
Authors: FORGACIU Anca , ROTAR-MENYHART Ingrid-Alexandra , BEREȘ Corina , GHEITI HEGHEDUS Anette Iudit , GREAPCĂ Andrei , MIHAIU Romolica , PAȘCA Ioan , MIHAIU Marian
Published: January 2023

The frequency of salmonellosis in Europe remains high, being considered the second most common foodborne disease. Salmonella spp., was most commonly detected in poultry meat mainly in fresh turkey meat (3.5%) and fresh chickens (2.2%). The study aims to identify the level of contamination of poultry meat with Salmonella spp. and performing a risk assessment. The samples were collected from a large capacity slaughterhouse on two slaughter lines, from two groups of poultry. An antemortem and postmortem examination was conducted and the samples collected from the neck of poultry carcasses were analyzed using the VIDAS® bioMérieux automatic test using analytical technique. The results of the antemortem inspection indicated negative results. The postmortem examination on group I and group II indicated different types of lesions. The surveillance of contamination of poultry meat with germs of the genus Salmonella spp. highlighted 397 compliant samples in group I, out of a total of 403 samples and 6 non-compliant samples. Salmonella infantis was identified in these non-compliant samples following laboratory examination. The lesions associated with Salmonella infection are not specific and therefore there is no direct correlation between the results of laboratory examination and lesions.
Body Characteristics, Performances and Protein Metabolism in Hy-Line Brown Hens Subject of Natural Moult
Authors: GENES Cristiana , MĂRGĂRIT Cristian , BĂLĂCEANU Rosalie , DOJANĂ Nicolae
Published: January 2023

The paper aimed to present the evolution of food intake, body weight, laying performance, mortality, ovary and oviduct weight and protein metabolism in 63-week-old natural moulted Hy-Line var. Brown hens housed in industrial system. Ingested crude protein, serum protein, albumin, globulins, uric acid, and total manure nitrogen were monitored for eight weeks of moult to characterize the protein metabolism of the hens. Spontaneous moult of the Hy-Line Brown hybrid is characterized by a decrease in food intake by up to 35.0%, a decrease in body weight by up to 31.6%, a significant increase in mortality (1.45% vs. 0.66% in non moulting hens), by stopping of the laying process, a 67.2% decrease of the ovary weight and 54.3% decrease of the oviduct weight versus non-moulted gens. The serum level of uric acid was increased during the period of massive moult revealing a high protein catabolism. Total nitrogen manure was decreased during the period of massive moult, a fact attributed to the decrease in food intake. Eight weeks after the onset of the spontaneous moult process, the reported changes of moulted hens were no longer significantly different from those of non-moulted hens.
Histochemical Evaluation of Mucin-Secreting Cell Activity in the Stomach of the Wistar Rat
Authors: HUȚANU Elena , DAMIAN Aurel , RAȚIU Ioana , RUS Vasile , MATEI-LAȚIU Maria-Cătălina , MARTONOS Cristian , GAL Adrian Florin
Published: January 2023

Mucin plays a very important role in the physiological function of the stomach in all species, but the representation of mucin-secreting cells differs from species to species. The aim of this study was to highlight these cells in the stomach of the Wistar rat. For histological investigations, fragments of the stomach from the three main regions (cardiac, fundic and pyloric) were harvested from four Wistar rats and further stained with PAS and Alcian blue methods. The histochemical results showed the presence of mucin-secreting cells in the examined tissues. An intense PAS positive reaction was found in the surface epithelium cells of the gastric mucosa and in the cells lining the gastric crypts in all the three segments. In the deep glandular structures, the cells of the cardiac and fundic glands are PAS negative, while those of the pyloric glands are all PAS positive. For Alcian blue reaction, the cells lining the gastric mucosa and the crypts in the three regions of the stomach were negative. In the glands, the cells of the cardiac and fundic glands were Alcian negative while in the pyloric glands, a limited number of cells arranged in the deep third of the glands showed a weak positive Alcian reaction. In conclusion, the vast majority of glandular cells in the rat's stomach do not synthesize acidic mucins, except for cells in the deep part of the pyloric glands, which synthesize small amounts of such mucins.
Long-term Evaluation of Culturable Fungi in a Natural Aging Biofilm on Galvanised Steel Surface
Authors: Kadaifciler Duygu Göksay , Unsal Tuba , Ilhan-Sungur Esra
Published: January 2023

Fungi commonly found in municipal water can participate in natural biofilm formation on the surface of galvanised steel despite the toxic effect of zinc. Depending on the age of the biofilm, fungal diversity may vary. To examine this hypothesis, natural biofilm formation was allowed on galvanised steel surfaces over six months in a model recirculating water system. Fungal colonies with different morphologies were obtained monthly from biofilm and water samples and then identified by both morphological and molecular approaches. In addition, the biofilm layer was examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was determined that fungi were included in the naturally aging biofilm formed on galvanised steel surfaces during the experiment. The diversity and the number of fungi in the biofilm and water changed over the experiment. All fungi isolated from the biofilm and water were found to be members of the Ascomycota phylum. F. oxysporum was the first fungus to be involved in the biofilm formation process and was one of the main inhabitants of the biofilm together with Penicillium spp. In addition, EIS data showed that the structure of the biofilm changed as it aged. The results of this study may lead to a better understanding of naturally aging biofilms involving fungi in municipal water systems, as well as the development of new strategies for effective disinfection of fungi based on biofilm age.
Endoscopic-assisted calvarial vault remodeling without postoperative helmets for treating infants with sagittal synostosis
Authors: Fahad E Alotaibi
Published: January 2023

Objective: Various endoscopically assisted minimally invasive surgical procedures have been described for the management of isolated nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis. All these techniques necessitate the use of postoperative helmets without immediate correction of the head shape. Here, we document the safety and sustainable acceptable outcomes of an endoscopic minimally invasive approach with full barrel staving without using a postoperative cranial helmet. Methods: A single-institution cohort analysis was performed on five patients who underwent endoscopically assisted minimally invasive calvarial vault remodeling without using a postoperative helmet for isolated nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis between 2017 and 2022. Variables analyzed were age at the time of surgery, gender, Estimated Blood Loss (EBL), operative time, postoperative complications, and pre-and postoperative Cephalic Index (CI). Results: Three male and two female infants were treated at our hospital in 2017–2022 with a mean follow-up of 32.6 months. At the time of the surgery, the mean age was ±3.5 months (range 10–58 months), the mean weight was 4.54 kg (standard deviation, SD ± 1.56), the mean EBL was 34.6 ml (range 20 ml – 54 ml) and mean surgical time from skin incision to dressing application was 120.7 min. The mean CI for all patients was 66.88 ± 4 (SD) preoperatively vs. 81.52 ± 2.38 (SD) postoperatively (p < 0.001 by paired Student’s t - test). There were no deaths or intraoperative complications. Conclusions: We present a novel endoscopically assisted minimally invasive procedure without using a postoperative helmet. This was a safe and efficacious procedure for isolated sagittal craniosynostosis, with improvements in CI at a mean follow-up of 32.6 months.
The CSR strategies of alpine plants and community functional diversity in the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan mountains
Authors:   Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Wu Yushuang , Elumeeva Tatiana G. ,   Department of Ecology and Plant Geography, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kazantseva Elena S. ,   A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS,   Chengdu Institute of Biology CAS, Wu Yan ,   Chengdu Institute of Biology CAS, Wang Qian ,   Chengdu Institute of Biology CAS, Dudova Ksenia V. ,   Department of Ecology and Plant Geography, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Onipchenko Vladimir G. ,   Department of Ecology and Plant Geography, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University,   Teberda national park
Published: January 2023

Many alpine communities of the Tibetan plateau experience both harsh climates and heavy grazing, and the adaptations to such environment are realized in plant functional traits and strategies. We tested, which leaf traits allow to dominate in the two wide-spread alpine communities of the Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan mountains, Kobresia alpine meadows and alpine fens, and do meadows and fens differ by community-weighted dominance-linked traits, strategy affinities, and functional diversity. Lower leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and higher specific leaf area (SLA) provides the species dominance in Kobresia alpine meadows, while size traits do not influence the dominance. Both LDMC and SLA have low functional evenness and divergence in the two communities. The prevail of stress-tolerators reflects the abiotic environment of alpine plants, but high affinities to ruderal strategy are possibly related to grazing.
Amendments to the description of Chloromonas actinochloris (Chlorophyta) inferred from the study of the South Siberian finding
Authors:   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Egorova Irina N. , Kulakova Nina V. ,   Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS, Boldina Olga N. ,   Komarov Botanical Institute RAS
Published: January 2023

Chlamydomonas-like green microalgae are unicellular biflagellate organisms from the order Volvocales, which are widely distributed in terrestrial ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that they belong to different phylogenetic lineages. The exact establishment of the taxonomic affiliation of these representatives is based on integrative approach, including multigene phylogeny along with light and electron microscopy, which also allows us to get the most accurate information about their biogeography. In this study, we examined the terrestrial green Chlamydomonas-like microalga, isolated from soil of the South-Eastern Altai Mountains in Russia. Based on molecular data of the nuclear 18S and plastid rbcL gene, we refer this alga to Chloromonas actinochloris within a robust clade of the genus Chloromonas, the phylogroup Chloromonadinia. This species was described from North America (USA). It is the first discovery of C. actinochloris in the mountains of Southern Siberia, as well as the first record of the species in Russia confirmed by molecular phylogeny and microscopy methods. The description of C. actinochloris, information on its biology and geography was supplemented. It is generally accepted that the phylogenetic clade including C. actinochloris should be revised and reassigned to a new genus soon. Our study shows that vegetative cells of Chloromonadinia algae can have ornamented cell wall that was mainly known for resting cells (cysts/zygotes) in a number of chlamydomonads, more rarely for vegetative cells. The structures on the wall of vegetative cells of Chlamydomonaslike microalgae can serve as an additional diagnostic criterion.
FROM GRAPHS TO POLYNOMIAL RINGS: STAR POLYNOMIAL REPRESENTATION OF GRAPHS
Authors: Artes Rosalio G. , Mohammad Nurijam Hanna R. , Laja Amy A. , Hassan Nur-Hariza M.
Published: January 2023

Let G be a simple connected graph. An i-subset of V(G) is a subset of V(G) of cardinality i. An induced i-star of G is a star in G induced by an i-subset of V(G). The star polynomial representation of G is the generating function of the sequence of the number of induced i-stars in G. In this paper, we establish the star polynomials of some special graphs such as the star graph, spider graph, complete bipartite graph, and the complete q-partite graph.
A STUDY ON NON-CLASSICAL OPTIMAL CONTROL AND DYNAMIC REGIONAL CONTROLLABILITY BY SCALABILITY OF TUMOR EVOLUTION
Authors: SECK Cheikh , NGOM Mouhamadou , NDIAYE Lamine
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we are interested in Cauchy problem for a parabolic operator. The main system comes from the modeling of a tumor and describes its evolution over time. From the classical optimal control, we show some results and an optimality system for the considered control problem. It is noteworthy that the classical techniques of the optimal control theory are ineffective or are very much technical for certain systems of parabolic evolution. Thus, we address regional controllability by scalability to get around certain difficulties related to estimations. Starting from the solution of the obtained optimality system, we succeeded in establishing the controllability on dynamic subdomains by area-leveling to solve the optimal control problem for this kind of equations.
De nuevo, reflexiones metodológicas sobre el empleo del teatro como corpus para los estudios de pragmática histórica
Authors:   Universidad de Cantabria, Gancedo Ruiz Marta
Published: January 2023

Este artículoplantea nuevamente la discusión sobre la adecuación del empleo de la literatura como corpus en los estudios de pragmática histórica. El objetivo de este trabajo es doble: por un lado, pretende profundizar en las posibilidades del empleo de la literatura y, concretamente, del teatro, para el análisis histórico de cuestiones pragmáticas, especialmente, aquellas relacionadas con la gestión de la imagen y la cortesía; en segundo lugar, se propone definir criterios que guíe nal investigador en la selección adecuada de obras de teatro para el análisis histórico de aspectos pragmáticos y cortesía.Para ello, en primer lugar, se refutan los principales argumentos que han sido esgrimidos en contra del empleo de la literatura como corpus para el análisis pragmáticoyse justifica la pertinencia de utilizar el teatro como fuente de datos para el estudio histórico de aspectos relacionados con la cortesía. Asimismo, se propone una lista de siete criterios que pretendeorientar al investigador en la selección de obras de teatro que reproduzcan con verosimilitud la idiosincrasia y hábitos comunicativos de la comunidad sociocultural que se pretenda observar, de modo que los textos estudiadossean un reflejo válido para el análisis histórico sociopragmático.
Principales regularidades del comportamiento discursivo de la deixis espacial en relatos conversacionales de habitantes del barrio Olaya Herrera(Cartagenade Indias, Colombia): el caso de aquí, ahí, acáy allá
Authors:   Universidad de Oriente, Ulloa Casaña Tania , Pájaro Martínez Elizabeth Paola ,   Universidad de Cartagena
Published: January 2023

La presente investigación indagaen el empleo de la deixis espacial, más concretamente,de los adverbios demostrativos de lugar en la estructura narrativa en relatosconversacionales del barrio Olaya Herrera(Cartagenade Indias). Eltrabajo se dirige hacia una identificación,interpretación y cuantificación de dichas expresionesen muestras orales,considerando que los adverbios demostrativos de lugar, en representación del sistema lingüístico espacial, no pueden ser interpretados únicamente como unidades gramaticales, sino que, a razón de sus comportamientos, se debenadmitir como unidades pragmáticas.Los análisisde las categorías deícticasse presentan de forma sintética y gráfica y se establecen avances significativos acercade su comportamiento discursivo. Los resultados mostrados revelan datos de tipo descriptivo-estadístico que indican frecuencias y porcentajes sobre cómo se distribuyen las categorías analizadas.Se encontraron diferencias significativas en el comportamiento de estas expresiones según la parte del relato en que fueron empleadas, siendo la parte discursiva con mayor empleo de deixis espacial la de nudo ocomplicación, con el objetivo de ordenar las acciones y otorgar información sobre los hechos narrativos más relevantes. La presente investigación contribuye, por tanto,al estudio de la deixis espacial en uso mediante la descripción del sistema de representación lingüística del espacio en español desde una perspectiva pragmática en el discurso oral.
Demographics and outcomes of ventral wall hernia repair at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital
Authors: Al Sharqi Ali H. , Al Khrusi Safiya K. , Al Farsi Maather H. , Al Ghafri Shamsa H. , Al Hamdan Ola H. , Al Balushi Abdulmajeed , Al Mujaini Mayisa , Al Qadhi Hani A.
Published: January 2023

Background: Ventral abdominal wall hernias are one of the most common encountered surgical cases. Currently most repairs are done using a mesh either in an onlay or sublay method. The high burden of ventral abdominal wall hernias, there is a need to determine the most common predictive factors for their occurrence and the complications associated with their repair so that the best preventive measures can be taken.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital during the period between 1st January 2014 to 30 June 2019. All patients underwent ventral hernia repair were included and pediatric patients were excluded.
Results: The total number of included patients were 383. Previous abdominal wall surgery was the most common risk factor (218 of the patient) followed by pregnancy (132). There was a significant correlation between age of patients and duration of admission (P value 0.003) however no significant correlation between gender and duration of admission was found. The percentage of recurrence in open surgery was 4.69% and 12.50% in laparoscopic repair. There was insignificant correlation between the use of mesh and recurrence rate. It was reported that 73 patients developed post operative complication with higher rate for seroma and hematoma.
Conclusions: Addressing risk factors and educate the population is an important step that should be taken to decrease the incidence hernia and its complication. As the sample size was small and majority of patient are from one region, a large multicentre study will be considered for better analysis and results.
Evidence based diagnostic protocol and management for pain in right iliac fossa
Authors: Saroj Jitendra Kumar , Wani Abdul Wajid
Published: January 2023

Background: Right iliac fossa pain is most common clinical presentation encountered in surgical OPD. Usually during evaluation, diagnosis is uncertain in some cases and patient suffers a lot. Clinical symptoms usually not involved during evaluation of patient this also makes diagnosis more difficult. Therefore, aim of the study was that how we would proceed in this case.
Methods: This was prospective study and total 30 patients were analyzed. Study was done at tertiary centre. All patients suspected with pain in right iliac fossa included in this study. First evaluated clinically then biochemical and radiological investigated. Histological and acid-fast bacilli culture was not included.
Results: Out of 30 cases, acute appendicitis were in 15 cases (50%), followed by appendicular lump (7 cases, 23%), irritable bowel disease (3 cases, 10%), tubercular lesion (2 cases, 6.7%), carcinoma of caecum (1 case, 3.33%), appendicular abscess (1 case, 3.33%), both appendicitis with tubercular lesion were also present (1 case, 3.33%). All cases of acute appendicitis, appendicular lump, carcinoma of caecum were managed surgically while appendicular abscess and ilieocaecal tuberculosis was managed conservatively.
Conclusions: The diagnosis of right iliac fossa pain is very difficult. Be very cautious during clinical evaluation. Even if CT scan is still unclear about the diagnosis and till date no definite diagnostic protocol has made. Before validate this protocol, a large data must be needed.
A comparative study between the outcomes of various surgical procedure in management of ileal perforation of tertiary care in central India
Authors: Agrawal Puneet , Anand Krishnanand , Khare Rahul , Sahu Amit
Published: January 2023

Background: This study was done to establish the outcomes of surgical procedure in management of ileal perforation.
Methods: This study included 70 patients admitted to surgical emergency with acute abdomen. These patients were divided into 3 groups group A, group B, group C. The surgical management was done as primary repair (group A) and resection and anastomosis (group B) and primary repair with ileostomy (group C); Comparative study was done between all procedure. Study centre was L. N. medical college and hospital and research centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. Study duration was from March 2021 to September 2022.
Results: This study highlights the life-saving role of loop ileostomy for postoperative intestinal leakage in cases of primary repair of perforation. It is recommended that whenever intestinal leakage is suspected in the postoperative period, urgent exploratory laparotomy must be undertaken and the continuing peritoneal contamination should be controlled by exteriorizing the site of intestinal leak as loop ileostomy.
Conclusions: In our study we have found that, for a single perforation, primary repair is the procedure of choice and for multiple perforation with good systemic support, resection anastomosis is procedure of choice. For patient with poor systemic support, loop ileostomy is preferred procedure as it decreases the mortality.
Pancreatico-duodenectomy in a blunt trauma abdomen: a rare case report
Authors: Kasliwal Navin R. , Singh Kruttika , Sekar Soorya C. , Parupally Chaitanya K.
Published: January 2023

Abdominal trauma, a very common occurrence, especially in a country like India with an abundance of road traffic accidents. However, very few of such patients present with pancreatic or duodenal injury. At times such an injury requires the complex and intricate procedure of pancreatico-duodenectomy. Such a procedure requires highly trained surgeons as well as extensive post operative monitoring. In the scenario that these are available, this major surgery becomes a lifesaving procedure. This case report describes one such successful outcome. Early presentation to the hospital, the availability of skilled surgeons and a good tertiary care set up have made the once rarely performed surgery called Whipple’s procedure (pancreatico-duodenectomy) into a live saving surgery which can be used for abdominal trauma cases as well.
Role of progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum in the management of giant inguinoscrotal hernia-case report
Authors: Girieasen M. Sabari , Vijayalakshmi V.  , Farook M. Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Managing a giant inguinal hernia/ incisional/ ventral hernia had its own complications. The overtime adaptation of peritoneal cavity to a lower abdominal pressure was one of the most important factors responsible for these complications. Surgical repair is also quite a challenge because of the massive contents in sac, adhesions and concomitant fibrosis. In order to reduce the complications like intra-abdominal hypertension, cardiorespiratory problems and to increase the abdominal wall compliance, many techniques were described. Progressive preoperative pneumoperitoneum is a well described technique for the repair of giant inguinal hernia/ incisional/ ventral hernia with loss of domain which helps in conditioning the abdominal wall in the preoperative period, increasing the likelihood of primary closure and decreasing the incidence of compartment syndrome.
Surgical correction of mid gut volvulus presenting as acute intestinal obstruction and multiple jejunal diverticula with sealed off perforation-a case report
Authors: Badipati Raju , Gunturu Kushal , Maity Samali , Maddasani Muralidharsai , Khatoon Farha N. , Kasinikota Lakshmi D. , Panchakarla Geetha V. , Sardena Siyonu K. , Valluri Mounika
Published: January 2023

Multiple diverticulosis of the jejunum is an uncommon pathology of the small bowel. The incidence of diverticulum of small intestine varies from 0.3 to 1.2%, out of which duodenal diverticula are common that jejunal. This rare jejunal diverticula is usually asymptomatic in course, which made it more difficult in establishing this diagnosis. This may rarely lead to complications such as perforation, haemorrhage, obstruction which may be due to adhesions, volvulus, and intussusception. We herein report a case of a 72-year-old female patient with no comorbidities presented to ER with complaints of abdominal distention, lower abdominal pain, vomiting for 3 days. Pre-op evaluation revealed midgut volvulus with intestinal obstruction. Explorative Laparotomy revealed multiple diverticula in jejunum. Midgut volvulus was operated by resection and anastomosis of small bowel.
Pain intensity and sexual satisfaction: a comparison of cyanoacrylate adhesive glue and vicryl for episiotomy skin closure in Kano Nigeria
Authors: Abba Usman , Musa Abubakar , Abdullahi Ibrahim S. , Abdullahi Muhammed K.
Published: January 2023

Background: Episiotomy is a deliberate incision made on the perineum and posterior vaginal wall during vaginal delivery. Mothers that have a new baby are in great need for wound care and pain relief.  We assessed and compared pain intensity and sexual satisfaction using cyanoacrylate adhesive glue and vicryl for episiotomy skin closure at AKTH, Kano Nigeria.
Methods: A randomised control trial was conducted among 100 women who had spontaneous vaginal delivery in the labour ward of AKTH from June to October 2019 after randomization into study group I and control group II. Cyanoacrylate and vicryl were used for skin closure following episiotomy and the patients were followed up for pain and sexual satisfaction for 14 days. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21.0 and p<0.05 was set statistically significant.
Results: The mean±SD ages of the women in the study and control groups were 22.71±9.14 and 23.66±9.00 years, respectively. In group I 84% perceived no pain and 72% perceived mild pain in group II during cyanoacrylate adhesive glue procedures. At all-time intervals, pain intensity was lower in group I (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed regarding sexual function between group I and group II (p<0.001) but the difference was not significant in other cases.
Conclusions: Cyanoacrylate glue compared to Vicryl was found to be effective in reducing short-term pain, the need for analgesia and better sexual satisfaction following episiotomy after childbirth.
Evaluation of impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the burden and pattern of severe malaria in Nigerian children
Authors: Bamidele Olumuyiwa C. , Ezeonwu Bertilla U. , Ajaegbu Obinna C. , Joseph Uzoma C. Ajanwenyi , Adaramola Tosin S. , Anazor Chioma V. , Abonyi Leonard E. , Nwafor Ifeoma O. , Okolo Angela A.
Published: January 2023

Background: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, accounting for 36% of under-five mortality. About 4.5% of all malaria-infected children reported at least one symptom of severe malaria, with worsening outcome. COVID-19 and malaria shared similar clinical presentation in children this similarity may lead to delay in initiation of treatment for malaria, with progression from uncomplicated to severe forms and consequently high mortality. Thus, we set out to study the extent COVID-19 impacted on the burden and pattern of severe malaria.
Methods: It was a retrospective study of all the children admitted into the children’s emergency room severe malaria, from March 2018 to February 2022. The data collected included the total number of admissions within the period, the month and year of admission, age, gender, the component of severe malaria that was the final diagnosis and outcome of management. Data were analysed using NCSS 9 statistical software.
Results: There were 4761 admissions within the study period: males were 54.7%, subjects 1-<60 months were 60.5% and pre COVID-19 period were 63.7%. The prevalence rates of severe malaria in CHER were 2.6%. Among those with severe malaria, the case fatality rate was 10.7%. Severe malarial anemia was the most common accounting for 49.2% and has predilection for the younger age. Cerebral malaria was predominantly diagnosed during the COVID-19 period.
Conclusions: The prevalence of severe malaria was 2.6% and severe malaria anaemia was the most common mode of presentation while cerebral malaria was diagnosed more during the COVID-19 period.
Factors influencing implementation of electronic health records system in Nyeri level 5 hospital
Authors: Mukuria Geoffrey M. , Njoroge Kezia , Muendo Daniel , Zioka Catherine
Published: January 2023

Background: The six WHO blocks can be utilized to find numerous opportunities for health improvement. Each component of the WHO structure is critical. In order to improve performance, prosperous reinforcement of the health system necessitates pertinent, well-timed, and precise information. Adoption of an EMR system has been found to increase patient safety by reducing flaws in paper-based medical records.
Methods: The study used a descriptive survey design with a quantitative methodology. The study targeted 422 healthcare workers operating within the outpatient and inpatient department with a sample of 205 respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science computer application (SPSS) version 26. Quantitative data were organized, presented, analysed, and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The results suggested that the implementation of the electronic health records system was positively and significantly influenced by health infrastructure (β=0.402, p˂0.05), human workforce (β=0.154, p˂0.05), health leadership (β=0.452, p˂0.05), and service delivery β=0.168, p˂0.05). Health leadership was key in the implementation of the Electronic Health Records System as it is the one that carries the vision of the hospital. Based on the survey results, it was evident that there were a number of factors influencing the implementation of an electronic health records system.
Conclusions: There was a favorable and significant impact of health infrastructure, human workforce, health leadership and service delivery on implementation of electronic health records system.
Clinical and radiological follow up of post-COVID patients in tertiary care centre
Authors: Penmetsa Chinmai Sowmya , Yalamanchili Vijay Krishna , Yendapu Raja Sekhar , Susmitha Pratti Pratti Venkata Sai
Published: January 2023

Background: COVID-19 is potentially fatal infection caused by novel corona virus SARS COV2.SARS patients may present with a spectrum of symptoms and signs ranging from relatively asymptomatic to fulminant pneumonitis and death. Out of which, most frequent symptoms are cough, fever, myalgia, dyspnoea and altered smell/taste. The primary objective of the study is to describe the clinical evolution and symptoms persistence [at day 30 and day 60] during 2 months follow up in adults with COVID-19 and to follow up the changes in lung radiographic pictures within 2 months after discharge.
Methods: This is an institutional based, prospective clinical observational study conducted in Asram medical college, Eluru from September 2021 to November 2021 on 25 COVID-19 Patients.
Results: In our study two thirds of patients still reported symptoms at day 30 and half of the patients reported symptoms at day 60. Out of 50 patients, 38 (76%) patients had at least one symptom at day 30 and 25 (50%) patients had symptoms at day 60 and 9 (18%) patients had chest X-ray abnormalities during follow-up after 2 months.
Conclusions: Follow up studies of COVID-19 will improve our understanding of natural history of COVID-19 sequelae and enable us to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions to mitigate the long-term consequences of COVID-19 It is necessary to follow up these recovered patients for detection and appropriate management towards their psychological, physical and social realm. It is highly important to provide counselling, moral support to restore to normalcy.
A cross sectional study to assess the vaccination practices regarding hepatitis B among health care personnel of a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir
Authors: Gulzar Basina , Fazili Anjum , Shah Rohul Jabeen , Ain Syed Najmul
Published: January 2023

Background: Vaccination is one of the most successful public health interventions that has saved millions of lives so far. Due to the occupational exposure, health care workers have an increased risk of contracting hepatitis B. Objectives were to assess the vaccination practices regarding hepatitis B among healthcare personnel (HCP) and to study the factors associated with the vaccination practices regarding hepatitis B of these HCP.
Methods: This cross sectional hospital based study was conducted for a period of 1 year at Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) among 450 HCP including doctors, nursing staff, laboratory staff and others and the required sample was drawn from each category on the basis of probability proportionate to size technique. Information was collected from participants by using predesigned, pretested structured and validated questionnaire.
Results: It was found that only 34.9% were vaccinated against hepatitis B. The coverage was highest among doctors 55.5% followed by technicians 25.6%, nurses 23.6%. The main reasons for not receiving this vaccine were:  taking all necessary precautions (49.1%), hospital does not provide the vaccine (20.8%), not aware about hepatitis B vaccine (20.5 %).
Conclusions: The study revealed that the hepatitis B vaccination coverage of these healthcare personnel was quite low in spite of the importance of the vaccine for healthcare personnel who are always at risk of getting exposed to the virus during their duties.
Maternal determinants for 4 Ds in children registered under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram program at an urban health centre of Ahmedabad
Authors: Dave Roshni , Sharma Rashmi , Bhatt Gneyaa , Bakshi Harsh , Oza Divyang , Pirzada Azbah , Jani Dharti , Bapat Nirav
Published: January 2023

Background: Maternal determinants influence the outcome of pregnancy and child’s health in early years.  Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) deals with the 4 D (birth defects, chronic diseases, deficiency disorders and developmental delays) among children (from birth till 18th years). Objectives were to determine and document the association between maternal determinants especially antenatal care (ANC) and 4 Ds and suggest preventive measures.
Methods: Out of 302 children with 4 D’s registered during April 2018-March 2020, 102 children were selected using probability proportionate to sample size (PPS) sampling for each category of 4D. Information of socio demographic details and maternal determinants was gathered on a semi structured questionnaire by interviewing mothers/caretaker.
Results: Relevant information could be gathered from 96 mothers. Mean maternal age was 26.4±4.1 years. Congenital defects were significantly associated with higher maternal age (p<0.0001). Out of 102 cases under study, minimum recommended 4 ANC visits were not taken by 17 (17.7%) mothers. Also, 13 (13.5%) did not take IFA supplementation. Poor health status during pregnancy, was significantly associated for deficiency disorders of child in later life (p<0.04).
Conclusions: Maternal age at pregnancy, health status of mother, ANC care (number of ANC visits, IFA supplementation), health seeking behaviour, birth weight and birth order of child were major determinants of 4Ds.
Knowledge and attitude towards human papillomavirus and its vaccination among medical students: a cross sectional study
Authors: Thakur Mamta , Khanam Najnin , Yadav Rajendra , Soni Gopal P. , Kamble Nitin
Published: January 2023

Background: One of the causes of penile cancer in men and cervical cancer in women is infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). An efficient way to prevent high risk HPV infection is by HPV vaccination. This study was conducted to assess knowledge and attitude towards human papillomavirus and its vaccination.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was done among under graduate medical students. Total 428 students were voluntarily participated. Dichotomous (yes/no) items used to assess knowledge of the students towards human papillomavirus and its vaccination. The 3-point Likert scale (agree, uncertain, disagree) used to assess attitude towards HPV vaccination.
Results: Most 71.49% of them knew that HPV infection may leads to carcinoma cervix whereas only 29.44% knew that HPV infection may leads to penile cancer. Most 76.63% of them agreed to recommend HPV vaccine for adolescent girls whereas only 36.68% agreed to recommend HPV vaccine for adolescent boys.
Conclusions: According to the study, college students had knowledge towards HPV vaccination despite acceptance of HPV vaccination among students were very less. Medical students, can play a big role in giving advice on how to prevent HPV-related penile and cervical cancer.