bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Σύνορα, πολιτικές και η αίσθηση του τόπου
Authors: Τσιτσαράκη Παρασκευούλα
Published: December 2023

Η Λέσβος αποτελεί ένα συνοριακό τόπο για τους προσφυγικούς πληθυσμούς απότο 2000 και βρίσκεται στο παγκόσμιο, περιφερειακό και εθνικό προσκήνιο από το 2015,λόγω των μαζικών αφίξεων και της προσοχής που έλαβαν μέσω των πολιτικών εισόδουκαι ελέγχου και γενικά της διαχείρισης των συνόρων. Η παρούσα διατριβή μελετά τοντρόπο που οι συνοριακές και προσφυγικές πολιτικές διαμορφώνουν το νησί της Λέσβου,ως συνοριακό τόπο αλλά και ανασκευάζουν το δικαίωμα της διεθνούς προστασίας. Παράλληλα διερευνήθηκε πως διαμορφώθηκε η αίσθηση του τόπου μέσα από τιςνοηματοδοτήσεις των μόνιμων/ντόπιων κατοίκων για τα σύνορα, το προσφυγικό και τονησί. Σημαντικό μέρος της μελέτης αφορά τον τρόπο που οι ντόπιοι κάτοικοι του νησιούκατανοούν τον συγκεκριμένο τόπο μέσα από το προσφυγικό και τα σύνορα καθώς και τιςπρακτικές και δράσεις που υιοθέτησαν στην καθημερινή τους ζωής ως προς τα ζητήματαπου αναδύθηκαν λόγω των προσφυγικών και συνοριακών πολιτικών. Για τη διερεύνησητων παραπάνω επιλέχθηκε ο συνδυασμός της ποσοτικής και της ποιοτικής έρευνας,κυρίως στη Μυτιλήνη αλλά και σε άλλες περιοχές του νησιού ενώ η συλλογή τωνδεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε από τις αρχές του 2018 μέχρι τα τέλη του 2021.
Η διδασκαλία της γλώσσας με βάση το περιεχόμενο
Authors: Σταθοπούλου Στυλιανή
Published: December 2023

Η συγκεκριμένη έρευνα προσανατολίζεται στον προβληματισμό που πηγάζει αφενός, από τα ζητήματα της βιοηθικής επιστήμης, και αφετέρου από την απουσία ουσιαστικής σύνδεσης της τελευταίας με το αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα, και κατ’ επέκταση την αδυναμία προσέγγισης και δημιουργίας ενός πλαισίου διδακτικών μεθόδων βιοηθικής στα σχολεία, ικανό να μεταδώσει τη γνώση και να εμπνεύσει τη σκέψη. Η έρευνα δομείται επί τη βάσει της διερεύνησης της σχέσης βιοηθικής και παιδείας, την ανάδειξη της σπουδαιότητας της διδακτικής της βιοηθικής μέσω της διδασκαλίας της γλώσσας και των μαθημάτων που συνδέονται με αυτήν, καθώς και τη παράθεση και παρουσίαση διδακτικών μεθόδων για τη διδασκαλία των βιοηθικών ζητημάτων στα σχολεία. Οι παράμετροι που πλαισιώνουν αυτό το εγχείρημα, είναι κατά πρώτον ο εντοπισμός και η παράθεση των ελλείψεων που παρατηρούνται σε συγκεκριμένα σχολικά εγχειρίδια (Γυμνασίου – Λυκείου). Συγκεκριμένα, στο πρώτο μέρος της έρευνας, θα διερευνηθεί ποσοτικά και ποιοτικά το επίπεδο θεματολογίας ζητημάτων που άπτονται της βιοηθικής. Η έννοια της ποσοτικής ανάλυσης της θεματολογίας βιοηθικών ζητημάτων ή αλλιώς η ποσοτική ανάλυση περιεχομένου, αναφέρεται στο σύνολο των βιοηθικών ζητημάτων που θίγονται στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια, στα σημεία που παρουσιάζονται καθώς και στη συχνότητά τους. Αντίστοιχα, η ποιοτική ανάλυση αναφέρεται στον πυρήνα των βιοηθικών ζητημάτων και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο αυτά παρουσιάζονται στα σχολικά εγχειρίδια. Σκοπός είναι, μέσα από την ανάλυση περιεχομένου των σχολικών εγχειριδίων να επιτευχθεί η τεκμηρίωση της θέσης ότι η βιοηθική παιδεία παρουσιάζει ελλείψεις και αδυναμίες, ποσοτικές και ποιοτικές, και να προκύψει ένας κατάλογος βιοηθικών ζητημάτων, τα οποία μπορούν να διδαχθούν και να συνδεθούν με την εκπαιδευτική δραστηριότητα. Έπειτα, στο πρακτικό μέρος της διατριβής δημιουργείται και προτείνεται ένα project για τη διδακτική της βιοηθικής στη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση. Τέλος, κατά το τρίτο μέρος της έρευνας, παραθέτονται τα ερευνητικά ευρήματα και καταγράφονται προβληματισμοί και προτάσεις σχετικά με το ζητούμενο της έρευνας. Πρόκειται για μια διεπιστημονική έρευνα, στόχος της οποίας είναι, αφενός να αναδειχθεί η σπουδαιότητα της βιοηθικής παιδείας, και αφετέρου να δομηθεί η κατάλληλη μεθοδολογία διδακτικής της βιοηθικής μέσω των σχολικών εγχειριδίων. Η καταλληλότητα αυτής της μεθοδολογίας έγκειται μεταξύ άλλων, στο ότι οι διδακτικές τεχνικές πρέπει να συνάδουν με την ηλικία, την πνευματική ανάπτυξη και τα ενδιαφέροντα των μαθητών καθώς και στο ότι το σημερινό σχολείο παρουσιάζει ιδιαιτερότητες.
Migration and resilience
Authors: Γιαννακού Αναστασία
Published: December 2023

Η διατριβή επιχειρεί να συνδέσει τρία πεδία - μετανάστευση, ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα και την αναλυτική ψυχολογία του Γιουνγκ - προκειμένου να επεξεργαστεί κάποιους προβληματισμούς και, τελικά, να παράγει ένα εναλλακτικό όραμα ενός μετανάστη που θα μπορούσε να μετουσιώσει την επώδυνη εμπειρία του σε ψυχική ανθεκτικότητα. Είναι μία θεωρητική αναζήτηση της ψυχολογικής έννοιας 'ανθεκτικότητα' στο κοινωνικό φαινόμενο της μετανάστευσης, χρησιμοποιώντας τη συνδρομή της αναλυτικής ψυχολογίας του Γιουνγκ αλλά και τη θεωρία σχετικά με το τραύμα που κυρίως σχετίζεται με τους πρόσφυγες. Υποστηρίζει ότι υπάρχουν πολλά κοινά σημεία στην ψυχολογία των μεταναστών και των προσφύγων, με όρια συχνά όχι διακριτά και κοινό παρονομαστή την τραυματική εμπειρία της φυγής. Σε ένα δεύτερο επίπεδο, χρησιμοποιείται η γιουνγκιανή ετυμολογία για να ερμηνεύσει την ανθεκτικότητα σε σχέση με τη μετανάστευση. Οι δύο όροι είναι πολυσυζητημένοι, με αρκετούς ίσως και αντικρουόμενους ή διαφοροποιημένους ορισμούς και εξετάζονται πλευρές που είναι απαιτούμενες για το σχηματισμό μίας πιο ολοκληρωμένης εικόνας τους. Όλες οι έννοιες εξετάζονται υπό κοινωνικό και πολιτικό φως στην εποχή του μεταμοντερνισμού, με τελικό στόχο την αναγνώριση της σχέσης του ατομικού και του υποσυνείδητου. Οι περισσότερες μελέτες που αφορούν μετανάστευση και πρόσφυγες επικεντρώνονται στα παθολογικά επακόλουθα μίας τέτοιας εμπειρίας ζωής. Αντίθετα, η διατριβή εστιάζει σε ένα μοντέλο ανθεκτικότητας/επιβίωσης/εξέλιξης ζωής. Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο αποσαφηνίζει τη μετανάστευση με ψυχαναλυτικούς όρους. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο ασχολείται με την έννοια της ανθεκτικότητας και του τραύματος, αναλύοντας τους ορισμούς και τα χαρακτηριστικά τους. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο παρέχει ουσιαστικά κοινωνικά και πολιτισμικά δεδομένα σε σχέση με τις προηγούμενες έννοιες και το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο εξετάζει την εμπλοκή της κοινωνικής εργασίας σε αυτό το πλέγμα ψυχολογικής υποστήριξης - μία επιστήμη με ρόλο την ενδυνάμωση του ανθρώπου. Η διατριβή ολοκληρώνεται με μία σύνθεση θεωρίας ειδικά αναφερόμενη στους μετανάστες, καθαρά από την ψυχολογική πλευρά της ανθεκτικότητας, με τη φιλοδοξία να προσφέρει μία τελείως διαφορετική οπτική γωνία του φαινομένου αυτού της εποχής μας που έχει διχάσει τον ανεπτυγμένο κόσμο.
FEATURES OF STAFF TRAINING IN 2023
Authors: Dorogovtseva Anna , Staricyna M.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the meaning and essence of personnel training, its main types. Based on the research results, the features of the organization of training in 2023 were identified. The priority directions of companies’ development and their strategies are analyzed. The article discusses training both from the employer and employees, which is reflected in the opinion of employees about possible changes after training. The economic part is also important, so the article considers the opinion of respondents (companies) about the change in the budget for training in 2023. The article also discusses two examples of employee development programs in large companies in order to reduce the cost of staff training, in formats such as distance learning and corporate university.
Determinanty realizowania pomocy psychologiczno- pedagogicznej – wybrane aspekty
Authors: Truszkowska Joanna
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to analyse selected determinants concerning psychological and pedagogical help provided to pupils. This help is directed adequately to the individual needs of pupils and according to the binding law. Besides formal requirements, effectiveness of this support depends on many factors. These circumstances include knowledge about the specificity of brain functioning of a person with disability, for example with autism or Asperger’s syndrome. Readiness for change, on an actual rather than declarative level, is the next analysed factor. Crucial competences of both pupils and teachers constitute another important determinant. At present, the use of artificial intelligence in the process of everyday work with a pupil as well as in the specialised forms of support is a very important skill. The article presents selected factors, emphasising their interdependence and necessity of actualisation. If psychological and pedagogical help is to be adequate for the capabilities and expectations of pupils, it should increasingly use the technologies allowing remote working.
Do “Likes” in a Brand Community Always Make You Buy More?
Authors: Liang Chen , Wu Ji , Li Xinxin
Published: December 2023

Online brand communities often use social plug-in features, such as the Like button, to facilitate social interactions and engage users with the brands. However, whether and how such a community feature affects users’ purchases remain open questions. Analysis of user behavior following the adoption of the Like feature indicates a surprising downturn in purchases, with a 4.1% decrease in orders and a 25.0% reduction in expenditure. Notably, online purchases dip by 3.4% in order numbers and 21.1% in expenditure, with a slighter offline decrease. The treatment effect of the adoption is not always negative but varies over time and across users. First, the Like feature adoption has a positive effect on users’ purchases in the first two months (primarily through enhancing their community participation), and the treatment effect turns negative in subsequent months, leading to the overall negative treatment effect on purchases. Second, the negative treatment effect likely stems from unflattering social comparison and can become weaker or even positive when users accrue more Likes. However, only a small proportion of users receive sufficient Likes to be motivated to purchase more. Our results caution against potential downsides of the Like feature in online communities and provide valuable managerial implications.
Status de vitamina D e risco cardiovascular em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica
Authors: Silva Liandra Candido , Aquino Séphora Louyse Silva , Cunha Aline Tuane Oliveira , Lima Josivan Gomes , Pedrosa Lúcia Fátima Campos
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A síndrome metabólica é um conjunto de desordens metabólicas, consideradas fatores de risco cardiovascular. Estima-se que indivíduos com síndrome metabólica apresentam probabilidade três vezes maior de desenvolver doenças cardiovasculares. O status inadequado de vitamina D tem apresentado múltiplos mecanismos fisiopatológicos que sugerem um envolvimento no desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre o status de vitamina D e o risco de doenças cardiovasculares em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal realizado com 161 indivíduos adultos, diagnosticados com síndrome metabólica. Foram realizadas as medidas antropométricas, pressão arterial, e as análises bioquímicas, incluindo a dosagem de 25(OH)D no soro. O critério estabelecido para classificação do status de 25(OH)D foi deficiente < 20 ng/mL; insuficiente≤ 29 ng/mL e suficiente ≥ 30 ng/mL. Ademais, avaliou-se o risco absoluto de desenvolver doenças cardiovasculares usando o Escore de Risco de Framingham. Resultados: A mediana da concentração de 25(OH)D foi 29,7 (21-34) ng/mL, indicando status de 25(OH)D insuficiente na população. Não houve associação entre status de vitamina D e o risco cardiovascular em indivíduos com síndrome metabólica (p > 0,05). Conclusão: Não se observou associação entre status 25(OH)D inadequado e maior risco cardiovascular nos indivíduos com síndrome metabólica. Entretanto,esses resultados reforçam a importância do monitoramento clínico para prevenir os impactos da hipovitaminose D nos indivíduos com síndrome metabólica e o desenvolvimento de novos estudos para avaliar a relação entre status de 25(OH)D e risco cardiovascular.
I Plano Municipal de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional de Duque de Caxias (2017-2020): uma avaliação com base no ciclo das políticas públicas
Authors: Marano Daniele , Joia Izabel , Morgado Caroline Maria da Costa , De Vasconcellos Francisco de Assis Guedes
Published: December 2023

Introdução: O I Plano Municipal de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (PLAMSAN) é uma ferramenta de planejamento, gestão e implementação da Política de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Em Duque de Caxias, RJ, o I PLAMSAN foi sancionado em 2016. Objetivo: Realizar avaliação do I PLAMSAN-DC (2017-2020), utilizando como procedimentos metodológicos uma aproximação do “Ciclo de Políticas Públicas”. Métodos: Estudo de avaliação usando elementos da ferramenta “ciclo de políticas públicas” com base nos seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: 1) Análise documental; 2) Revisão de literatura; 3) Avaliação do cumprimento das metas com base nas respostas advindas das Secretarias que compõem a Câmara Intersetorial de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Resultados: Verificou-se que, dentre as 42 metas do Plano, 14,7% foram cumpridas, 34,1% foram parcialmente cumpridas, e 51,2% não foram cumpridas. Conclusões: Observou-se que ainda não há acentuado papel por parte do nível municipal para a concretude de inúmeras ações que necessitam de recursos financeiros. Além disso, verifica-se a necessidade de superação de entraves, sobretudo em relação ao alcance da intersetorialidade e fortalecimento das estruturas componentes do sistema de segurança alimentar e nutricional.
Direito humano à alimentação adequada: percepções de participantes do Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: De Oliveira Jesus Faraulo , Neves José Anael , Vedovato Gabriela Milhassi , Zangirolani Lia Thieme Oikawa , Tavares de Medeiros Maria Angélica
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A Política Nacional de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional teve no Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) uma de suas principais expressões para combater a miséria e a fome. Objetivo: Identificar percepções e conhecimentos de titulares do PBF acerca das dimensões de Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) e de alimentação saudável. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo com amostra representativa de mulheres titulares do PBF da região dos Morros de Santos-SP (n=190). Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram registradas em áudio e transcritas literalmente, para análise temática de conteúdo. Núcleos temáticos e categorias foram produzidos em cada uma das dimensões de interesse. Resultados: As participantes, com média de idade de 33 anos e consideradas de baixa renda, demonstraram desconhecimento sobre DHAA. Poucos discursos destacaram o combate à fome e a busca por cidadania, mas desvelaram ceticismo em relação às garantias consolidadas. A rotina nos serviços de saúde para o acompanhamento das condicionalidades do PBF emergiu na dimensão de direitos. A definição de alimentação saudável pelas participantes enfatizou a importância dos alimentos in natura e minimamente processados, mas revelou os produtos ultraprocessados como alternativa diante das dificuldades financeiras para acessar alimentos saudáveis. Conclusões: Os achados explicitam a necessidade de viabilizar políticas públicas e ações para emancipação e fortalecimento das famílias titulares do PBF, na perspectiva cidadã de defesa da exigibilidade do DHAA.
Dificuldades financeiras, aspectos alimentares e de saúde em estudantes universitários, durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Baumgratz Lara Delgado , José Maria Alan Roger , Oliveira Melissa Martins , Júnior Luiz Carlos Gomes , Cândido Ana Paula Carlos , Moreira Ana Vládia Bandeira , Netto Michele Pereira , Oliveira Renata Maria Souza , Faria Eliane Rodrigues de
Published: December 2023

Introdução: As dificuldades financeiras advindas da pandemia, em virtude de mudanças econômicas do país, além de refletirem no estado de segurança alimentar e nutricional e no estado de saúde dos indivíduos, acarretaram o aumento da evasão dos cursos superiores. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre as dificuldades financeiras, durante a pandemia de Covid-19, com os aspectos alimentares e de saúde dos graduandos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF). Método: Estudo transversal com graduandos da UFJF. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro de 2020 e março de 2021, através de questionário on-line. Utilizou-se Teste Qui-quadrado (p<0,05) para avaliar os fatores associados às dificuldades financeiras durante a pandemia. Verificou-se a razão de chances (Odds Ratio - OR) das associações encontradas. Resultados: Avaliaram-se 584 graduandos, dentre os quais se constatou que 31,7% passaram por dificuldades financeiras durante a pandemia. Notou-se que a presença de dificuldades financeiras no período pandêmico se associou positivamente à presença de Insegurança Alimentar e Nutricional (INSAN), à autopercepção negativa de saúde, à má qualidade do sono e às alterações de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Além disso, os indivíduos caracterizados com dificuldades financeiras tinham maiores chances de apresentarem INSAN, percepção negativa de saúde, má qualidade do sono, bem como alterações nos níveis de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, quando comparados à sua contraparte. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as dificuldades financeiras durante o período pandêmico são associadas à presença de INSAN e aspectos de saúde alterados. Assim, ressalta-se a necessidade de criação de estratégias que visem à assistência financeira e psicológica dos graduandos.
Enhancing dermatology nursing education in Scotland and Ireland: a multifaceted approach
Authors: Ross Dianne , Fairley-Murdoch Marianne , Nicholson Hilary , Hanlon Sandra
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the National Dermatology Improvement Project was to identify the educational requirements of dermatology nurses and understand factors impacting the uptake of education for nurses. An educational needs analysis was performed to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of current and future educational provision for all levels of nursing staff. Data were collected from department managers using questionnaires and interviews, and focus groups were held with nursing staff in bands 2–7. The majority of participants felt there was an overall lack of dermatology education, and that most of what was available was peer led and experiential. A number of barriers to the uptake of education were also identified, such as a lack of time, opportunity and motivation. These findings support the need for a nationally coordinated programme of dermatology education with formal and informal education provided for all levels of dermatology nursing staff.
Parents first
Authors: Vollans Caroline
Published: December 2023

In the final part of her series, Caroline Vollans focuses on the tricky area of how to make strong relationships with parents
We've explored…: hats
Authors: Rawstrone Annette
Published: December 2023

A delivery of hats at one setting in Scotland gave children the chance to try them on and discuss their different styles and functions, as well as set up a role-play hat shop. By Annette Rawstrone
Team work
Authors: Jozwiak Gabriella
Published: December 2023

How should a new manager overcome hostility from longer-term employees towards both them and newer staff members? Gabriella Jozwiak asks our panel
Freedom from Democracy: Cassius Dio’s Polemical Tale of the Horror of Late Republican Politics
Authors: Madsen Jesper
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Like most commentators in imperial Rome, Cassius Dio believed monarchy to be the only form of constitution able to limit man’s natural urge to surpass his peers. What makes Dio polemical is not the notion that competition between senators would result in rivalry, internal strife, and civil war. It is the way in which his narrative demonstrates that almost every senator in the Late Republic was engaged in politics in order to maximize his own gains, except for Augustus, who had the interests of the Roman people at heart when he punished his father’s murderers and reestablished Rome’s monarchical constitution.
Heresy and polemic: reassessing the fifth-century ecclesiastical historians of Late Antiquity
Authors: Lankina Anna
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Scholars have tended to emphasize distinctions within late antique historiography, breaking it up into categories of ecclesiastical/‘pagan’, orthodox/heretical, Greek/Latin, narrative/chronicle, and others. The division of ecclesiastical historians into orthodox/heretical has led to designating non-Nicene history writing as polemical. I hope to show that drawing a stark line between the ecclesiastical historians discounts the significant connections between them. Philostorgius, Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret serve as a good starting point for the reintegration of these historians into the literary culture of which they were a part. I examine these histories to demonstrate their commonalities while simultaneously showing their distinctiveness. Specifically, I focus on how these historians presented the imperial role in the destruction of religious property.
Literary Polemic in Martial
Authors: Watson Lindsay , Watson Pat
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT: Following the practice of Greek and Roman poets, Martial employs polemic as a means of expressing his literary views, particularly with respect to his chosen genre and his place within that genre. In order to elevate the status of epigram within the generic hierarchy, he attacks the higher forms of poetry as stale and irrelevant to real life, dismissing their apologists in highly personal and aggressive terms. He often engages in an argumentative to-and-fro with a supposed critic of his poetry or of his opinions, summarily dismissing his opponent in a typically epigrammatic put-down that brands him as vacuous, deluded or merely inept.
Pastoral Theology and the Little Goodness: Rejoice and Be Glad with the Voice of Song
Authors: Morrison Glenn
Published: December 2023

precis: The essay aims to develop the nature of pastoral theology through orienting the Christian life of faith through a Jewish sense of otherness as the little goodness. In particular, together Pope Francis’s Apostolic Exhortation, Gaudete et exsultate (Rejoice and Be Glad), and Emmanuel Levinas’s ethical metaphysics will be a significant inspiration. Perseverance through adversity in the hope of joy and gladness is both a Jewish and a Christian biblical theme giving light to the mysteries and practice of faith. There is much to reflect about holiness and the mystery of God that Christians can learn from Jewish experience, thought, and writings. In pursuit of care for others, God’s presence in the Other reveals an invincible little goodness evidencing a paschal and maternal character. Here, in the unity of prayer and responsibility, the voice and song of a Good Shepherd comes to mind, with stories of faith that impart hope for a little goodness to stir and bless life with joy and gladness from the heart.
Chronicle of a Death Foretold? The War in Ukraine and the UN Security Council
Authors: Dwan Renata
Published: December 2023

The UN Security Council’s divisions over Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in
February 2022 have captured international headlines. There has been less attention on the implications of the war for the Security Council’s primary responsibility to maintain international peace and security. This paper examines the
ways in which the Security Council has addressed conflict between states as well
as civil wars and the continuities reflected in its approach to Russia’s invasion of
Ukraine. It then explores some of the ways in which the Council’s management
of conflict-related crises might evolve in light of the Ukraine war and the implications these may have for the legitimacy and effectiveness of the Council, as
well as the role of other multilateral organisations. This paper builds on remarks
provided at a Royal Irish Academy seminar, ‘Ireland on the Security Council’,
on 23 November 2022.
VISUALIZING CROSS-LINGUISTIC READING BRAINS:
UNIVERSALITY AND INTERACTIVE SPECIFICITIES
Authors: Lee Jun Ren , Kuo Wen-Jui , Lee Rose Ru-Whui , Tzeng Ovid J. L.
Published: December 2023

The universality and specificity of cross-linguistic reading have always
been a topic of interest to researchers. The earliest controversies started
with the issue of whether speech recoding is required for reading non-alphabetic scripts, for example, Chinese and Kanji, whether it is possible
to directly access the semantic meaning of a word from orthography
without speech recoding, and whether reading non-alphabetic scripts relies
on the right rather than the left brain. The abatement of these controversies
began with a series of experiments by Ovid Tzeng and William Wang which
raised the possibility of universality across different languages. To study
how humans read, two kinds of operation must be considered: the human
cognitive system and the structure of language. In this paper, we will take
the original controversy of non-alphabetic scripts being different from
alphabetic scripts in the 1970s as the starting point, and use the current
research results of cognitive neuroscience to explain what kind of
consensus has been reached right now. In addition, we will use tone as an
important feature in the study of Chinese reading, and describe the current
research results on tone to highlight the special characteristics of Chinese.
Finally, we will propose future research directions.
Risk before Risk: Actuarial Logic and Mercantile Metaphors in the Canterbury Tales
Authors: Bude Tekla
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Thinking in terms of risk means imagining the future as a set of potential outcomes and ameliorating potentially problematic ones through action in the present. Modern theorists of risk consider risk and its mitigation to be, by definition, modern, but this essay argues that the medieval period has something important to offer histories of risk, showing that actuarial attitudes (if not modern actuarial math) are present in literary accounts of social cohesion and identity, and that medieval "pre-risk" forms of actuarial thought serve as the basis of modern attitudes toward risk and its unequal social management. Focusing on specific moments in the frame narrative of the Canterbury Tales , it argues that The General Prologue initially presents the Tales as a seemingly egalitarian experiment in risk mitigation, but that closer inspection of the descriptions of the Merchant and Shipman—and later the Canon and Canon's Yeoman—reveals an inequality of access to risk-mitigation strategies that anticipates the modern inequalities of a global risk society. Even as certain dangerous behaviors (large risks taken on by the mercantile class) are seen as insurable and therefore licit, other behaviors (small-scale risks taken on by lower-class laborers) are portrayed as criminal and damaging to the common good. By approaching Chaucer's Canterbury Tales with risk and risk mitigation in mind, readers might more clearly see how the felaweshipe of the Canterbury pilgrimage, what David Wallace calls its "associational form," holds within it a fundamental disunity and distrust that seeks to manage the future through the hedging of bets in the present.
"Loquela gravis iuvat": Gower's O deus immense and the Place of Poetry, 1398–1400
Authors: Weiskott Eric
Published: December 2023

Abstract: John Gower's medium-length Latin poem O deus immense , little thought of even by most Gowerians, brings his career into focus. O deus immense synthesizes strands of Gower's self-presentation pursued far more diffusely in his titanic trilogy Mirour de l'omme – Vox clamantis – Confessio Amantis . The place Gower clears for poetry in 1398, 1399, or 1400—the date of O deus immense is uncertain, a point addressed here at length—is characterized by its public, monitory, prophetic, and enigmatic dimensions. Focusing on the historically remote genre of political prophecy, this essay compares O deus immense with other Gowerian and non-Gowerian English political verse in English and Latin datable to 1398–1400, including Bede's Prophecy , an anonymous rhyming English poem of 1400 inedited until recently and therefore, like O deus immense , not factoring into previous critical assessments of the poetry of the Lancastrian coup. Attending to the complex relationship between poetics and politics at the turn of the fifteenth century in England, the essay positions O deus immense as pivotal in Gower's career and essential for an evaluation of what he contributed to the first generation of Lancastrian poetry. Gower's "most significant role" in the field of English political poetry, 1398–1400, was as its leading theorist and most skillful advocate, a role he plays most assiduously in O deus immense ; but it is both a credit to his depth of ambition and an explanation of the often violent contortions of his late Latin style that Gower's arguments for a poetry of moral clarity, social urgency, and political muscle transcend the very ideological commitments that transparently motivate them.
Understanding Deschamps's Ballade Praising Chaucer in the Context of Early Humanist Epistolary Exchanges in Verse and Prose
Authors: Kendrick Laura
Published: December 2023

Abstract: Eustache Deschamps's famous ballade praising Chaucer as "great translator" is best understood in the context of the early French humanist milieu whose literary values, linguistic markers, and transcultural reach it displays. With this epistolary ballade, written in the late 1390s and avant-garde at the time, Deschamps wanted to establish a literary friendship and an exchange of poetic writings with Chaucer, whom Deschamps perceived as a fellow humanist poet-translator, and whom he lauded for translating eloquence into the English language. Evidence for this new interpretation comes from comparisons of Deschamps's Ballade 285 with early fifteenth-century epistolary exchanges in French verse and prose, including letters from the debate over Jean de Meun's Roman de la Rose and the exchange of poetic praise between Deschamps and Christine de Pizan; from the Latin epistolary exchanges of the last quarter of the fourteenth century between leading French and Italian humanists Jean de Montreuil and Coluccio Salutati; and also from Petrarch's Latin letters to long-dead classical authors, which permitted no reply. Although Ballade 285 survives only in the collection of 300 "moral ballades" at the beginning of the huge manuscript of his collected works in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Fr. 840, Deschamps must have valued it, for this is the only section whose content he is thought to have selected and ordered himself before his death in 1404.
Compressive spectral video by dynamic spatial-spectral-temporal windowed codification
Authors: Meza Pablo , Norato David , Marquez Miguel , Jerez Andrés , Arguello Henry , Vera Esteban
Published: December 2023

Snapshot compressive imaging of high-dimensional data is indispensable for numerous areas of study. Despite the remarkable advances in either spectral or temporal approaches separately, optically compressing a spectral video in a single snapshot remains challenging. In this article, we report a novel compressive spectral video scheme that offers a dynamic color-coded wavelength coding plus a windowing approach to handle the temporal dimension. The proposed compressive coding scheme is implemented by synchronizing a tunable bandpass filter and a coded aperture device to code and acquire the spectral video within a fixed exposure time. Special attention is given to the design and evaluation of the dynamic coded apertures using binary masks. We develop and implement a plug-and-play alternating-direction method of multiplier to efficiently recover the four-dimensional datacubes. We demonstrate the ability of the proposed approach to capture and reconstruct spectral video information in both spectral classification and motion tracking applications.
Identification of protein signatures for lung cancer subtypes based on BPSO method
Authors: Wang Jihan , Wang Hanping , Xu Jing , Song Qiying , Zhou Baozhen , Shangguan Jingbo , Xue Mengju , Wang Yangyang
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to identify protein biomarkers that can distinguish between LUAD and LUSC, critical for personalized treatment plans. The proteomic profiling data of LUAD and LUSC samples from TCPA database, along with phenotype and survival information from TCGA database were downloaded and preprocessed for analysis. We used BPSO feature selection method and identified 10 candidate protein biomarkers that have better classifying performance, as analyzed by t-SNE and PCA algorithms. To explore the causalities among these proteins and their associations with tumor subtypes, we conducted the PCStable algorithm to construct a regulatory network. Results indicated that 4 proteins, MIG6, CD26, NF2, and INPP4B, were directly linked to the lung cancer subtypes and may be useful in guiding therapeutic decision-making. Besides, spearman correlation, Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier curve was employed to validate the biological significance of the candidate proteins. In summary, our study highlights the importance of protein biomarkers in the classification of lung cancer subtypes and the potential of computational methods for identifying key biomarkers and understanding their underlying biological mechanisms.
Chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy for acute neck pain: A 4-arm clinical placebo randomized controlled trial. A prospective study protocol
Authors: Chaibi Aleksander , Allen-Unhammer Anna , Køpke Vøllestad Nina , Russell Michael Bjørn
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Neck pain poses enormous individual and societal costs worldwide. Spinal manipulative therapy and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug treatment are frequently used despite a lack of compelling efficacy data. This protocol describes a multicentre 4-arm, clinical placebo randomized controlled trial (RCT), investigating the efficacy of chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (CSMT) versus sham CSMT, ibuprofen, and placebo medicine for acute neck pain. This superiority study will employ parallel groups, featuring a 1:1:1:1 allocation ratio.

Material and methods

We will randomize 320 participants equally into four groups: CSMT, sham CSMT, ibuprofen, or placebo medicine. CSMT groups are single-blinded, while the medicine groups are double-blinded. Data will be collected at baseline (Day 0), during treatment and post-treatment. The primary endpoint will assess the difference in mean pain intensity from Day 0 to Day 14 on a numeric rating scale 0–10; the CSMT group is compared to sham CSMT, ibuprofen, and placebo medicine groups, respectively. Secondary endpoints will assess mean pain intensity and mean duration at different time points, and adverse events, blinding success, and treatment satisfaction, including comparison between ibuprofen and placebo medicine. Power calculation is based on a mean neck pain rating of 5 at Day 0, with standard deviation of 1 in all groups. Mean pain reduction at Day 14 is expected to be 60% in the CSMT group, 40% in sham CSMT and ibuprofen groups, and 20% in the placebo medicine group. A linear mixed model will compare the mean values for groups with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. P values below 0.017 will be considered statistically significant. All analyses will be conducted blinded from group allocation.

Discussion

This RCT aims towards the highest research standards possible for manual-therapy RCTs owing to its two placebo arms. If CSMT and/or ibuprofen proves to be effective, it will provide evidence-based support for CSMT and/or ibuprofen for acute neck pain.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05374057. EU Clinical Trials Register: EudraCT number: 2021-005483-21.
A conformal multi-port MIMO patch antenna for 5G wireless devices
Authors: Chu-Anh Tu , Kim-Thi Phuong , Nguyen-Manh Hung , Tran-Huy Hung
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array with low-profile and flexible characteristics. Multiple microstrip patches are arranged in the E-plane configuration and decoupled by shorted quarter-wavelength stubs. The antenna has a small element spacing of 0.032 λ, where λ is a free-space wavelength at the center frequency. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed concept, a 1 × 4 MIMO array prototype is fabricated. The measured results on the fabricated prototype demonstrate that the MIMO antenna has good operation features at 4.8 GHz with a reflection coefficient of less than –10 dB and an isolation of better than 20 dB. Besides, good radiation patterns and broadside gain of around 4.5 dBi are also attained. The antenna also works in the bending mode and has the capability of extending to large-scale MIMO arrays. Such attractive features prove the utility of the proposed antenna in various modern electronic devices.
Observed size distribution changes in American lobsters over a 12-year period in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Koepper Svenja , Revie Crawford W. , Stryhn Henrik , Scott-Tibbetts Shannon , Thakur Krishna K.
Published: December 2023

Size distribution and size frequency information of American lobsters (Homarus americanus) are often used to help estimate the age distributions, and reproductive output for the species and to guide the determination of appropriate minimum legal sizes for the fishery. This study used truncated linear regression models to estimate the effects of sampling year, sampling month, lobster sex and water depth on the lobster size. A dataset of almost 130,000 trap–caught lobsters from the two most important lobster fishing areas of Atlantic Canada collected over a 12-year period (2004–2015) was analyzed. It was shown that truncated models can help to account for biases due to the trap sampling method from vessels and from wharf samplings. There were significant annual and seasonal changes in size distribution, and data collected outside the fishing season showed a significant increase in carapace length in 2014 and 2015, potentially reflecting a northward shift of the range of lobster populations due to more favourable settlement and recruitment habitats. Size also increased in late summer, likely due to moult. Our results demonstrated that landed lobsters, especially females, were smaller than the predicted size-at-maturity in the region (96.5 mm carapace length), which could have long-term repercussions for the stock’s reproductive potential.
Climate change-informed dietary modeling in Pacific cod: Experimentally-derived effects of temperature and dietary quality on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope trophic discrimination factors
Authors: Rogers Matthew C. , Heintz Ron A. , Vollenweider Johanna J. , Sreenivasan Ashwin , Miller Katharine B.
Published: December 2023

Stable isotope analysis is a powerful tool for dietary modeling and trophic ecology research. A crucial piece of information for isotopic dietary modeling is the accurate estimation of trophic discrimination factors (TDFs), or the isotopic offset between a consumer’s tissue and its diet. In order to parameterize stable isotope dietary models for future climate scenarios, we investigated the effect of water temperature and dietary protein and lipid content on TDFs in juvenile Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus). Pacific cod are a commercially and ecologically important species, with stock numbers in the northeast Pacific recently having dropped by more than 70%. We tested four water temperatures (6, 8, 10, and 12°C) and two dietary regimens (low and high lipid content), representing a range of potential ocean temperature and prey quality scenarios, in order to determine carbon and nitrogen TDFs in juvenile Pacific cod. Additionally, we assessed dietary intake and proximate composition of the experimental fish in order to estimate consumption, assimilation, and retention of dietary nutrients. The results of this study suggest that dietary protein catabolism is a primary driver of nitrogen TDF variability in juvenile Pacific cod. Across all temperature treatments from 6 to 12°C, fish reared on the lower quality, lower lipid content diet had higher nitrogen TDFs. The mean TDFs for fish raised on the higher lipid, lower protein diet were +3.40 ‰ for nitrogen (Δ15N) and +0.36 ‰ for lipid-corrected carbon (Δ LC 13C). The mean TDFs for fish raised on the lower lipid, higher protein diet were +4.09 ‰ for nitrogen (Δ15N) and 0.00 ‰ for lipid-corrected carbon (Δ LC 13C). Lipid-corrected carbon isotope data showed that, regardless of temperature, fish consuming the lower lipid diet had essentially no trophic discrimination between diet and bulk tissues. We found no ecologically meaningful differences in TDFs due to water temperature across the 6°experimental range. The results of this experiment demonstrate that dietary quality, and more specifically the use of dietary protein for energetic needs, is a primary driver of trophic discrimination factors. The TDFs determined in this study can be applied to understanding trophic ecology in Pacific cod and closely related species under rapidly changing prey availability and ocean temperature conditions.
O voto amaldiçoado
Authors: Zhong Dian , Oliveira Flávio Ribeiro de
Published: December 2023

Este artigo oferece um referencial teórico para esclarecer os equívocos comuns e estabelecer um novo quadro analítico para as discussões acadêmicas sobre a responsabilização eleitoral (electoral accountability). Analisam-se as limitações da eleição como um mecanismo de responsabilização democrática a partir de três níveis: o nível individual dos eleitores, o nível institucional dos sistemas políticos e o nível contextual da sociedade civil. Para concluir, buscamos apresentar uma linha de orientação de política normativa visando à revitalização do sistema de responsabilização eleitoral nas democracias latino-americanas.
Mudança institucional em instituições de controle
Authors: Morais Leonardo , Andrade Wendy Silva de , Lui Lizandro
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o processo de mudança institucional a partir da análise de estudo de caso de uma instituição de controle no Brasil, o Tribunal de Contas dos Municípios do Estado de Goiás (TCM-GO). Para isso, realizou-se uma análise documental do processo da mudança do entendimento acerca da forma como os municípios devem fazer o pagamento de débitos previdenciários e quais punições estão reservadas para os gestores que descumprem a regra. Para tal, mobilizamos a teoria que versa sobre mudança institucional e órgãos de controle no Brasil. Identificamos que as mudanças acontecem de forma endógena e que diferentes padrões de decisão são tomados a depender de fatores cognitivos, vinculados aos membros em posições de decisão.
Effects of nano-SiO2 additives on carbon fiber-reinforced fly ash–slag geopolymer composites performance: Workability, mechanical properties, and microstructure
Authors: Zhang Dongsheng , Yang Qiuning , Wang Yafan , Li Jiabin
Published: December 2023

Fly ash and slag are commonly used precursors in alkali-activated concrete. However, they suffer from high brittleness, poor toughness, and susceptibility to cracking. To address these limitations, this experimental study investigates the effects of different contents of nano-silica (SiO2) additives on the workability, mechanical properties, and microstructure of carbon fiber-reinforced fly ash–slag geopolymer composites (CFSGs). The results indicate that owing to its large specific surface area, nano-SiO2 significantly increases the water demand of the geopolymer, thereby considerably decreasing the fluidity and shortening the setting time of the geopolymer. However, nano-SiO2 improves the porosity, water absorption, and mechanical properties of the CFSG. The optimal mechanical strength is obtained by using 2% nano-SiO2. In addition, appropriate nanodoping can relatively improve the bearing capacity and fracture toughness of the specimen. Compared with that of undoped CFSG, the peak load, fracture toughness, unstable fracture toughness, and elastic modulus of the 2%-SiO2-doped CFSG increased by 8.78, 5.0, 9.6, and 9.8%, respectively. The incorporation of nano-SiO2 increases the shrinkage of the geopolymer, with a more significant impact on early shrinkage. Moreover, nano-SiO2 improves the microstructure of the cement matrix and interface through the filling, volcanic ash, and crystal nucleus effects as well as interface regulation. This increases the bonding force between the matrix and carbon fibers (CFs), which results in good bonding between the CFs and geopolymer matrix, accelerated geopolymerization reaction, and denser geopolymer paste, thus improving the mechanical strength of the CFSG.
تطبيقات قاعدة الحكم يدور مع علته وجودًا وعدمًا: المعاملات المالية أنموذجًا
Authors: Almujahed Muhammad Said , Alrashdi Mohammad Said Titoon
Published: December 2023

The research is significant because it examines the jurisprudential applications of the maxim "judgement conforms to the existence of the cause, or its absence" in financial transactions. One of the factors that prompted this writing was the difficulty of invoking direct jurisprudential applications of this maxim from classical Fiqh writings, which bequeathed a desire to know the reasons for the emergence of this problem. The problem statement of this research is: does this maxim have applications in the jurisprudential heritage in general and in financial transactions? The research relied on three approaches: the historical approach, as it was resorted to in examining the practical applications of the maxim in financial transactions; the descriptive approach, to write down the contents of this subject and describe them clearly; and the analytical method, to dismantle data and link them to each other.  The research relied on three approaches: the historical approach, as it was resorted to in examining the practical applications of the maxim in financial transactions; the descriptive approach, to write down the contents of this subject and describe them clearly; and the analytical method, to dismantle data and link them to each other. The study differed from earlier studies in that it focused on the application of the maxim in financial transactions, when previous studies did not, because the maxim's applications were limited to the judiciary and witnesses.  In the rooting of the provisions of various financial transactions, jurists relied on the maxim "judgement conforms to the existence of the cause, or its absence," according to the findings. The sale of surplus water, the selling of dead skin, the sale of wine, the sale of paper, the sale of interest, and the sale of interest and money are among the sixteen jurisprudential applications examined in the study. Nine applications are made in the chapters on wills and related applications: will for inheritor, amount of will, interdiction of mentally retarded persons, juvenile and insane persons, time of lifting of interdiction if interdiction is removed and then returned, the reason for establishing pre-emption in movable and immovable property, and pre-emption in the neighbourhood