bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cambios en los valores profesionales enfermeros durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: González-García María , Fernández-Feito Ana , Lana Alberto
Published: March 2021

La crisis sanitaria provocada por la pandemia por la COVID-19 ha puesto en juego los valores profesionales. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los cambios en los valores profesionales de enfermeros/as de atención especializada durante los primeros meses de la pandemia en Asturias (España). Se seleccionó una muestra de 55 profesionales de enfermería de cuidados críticos, urgencias, plantas de hospitalización y gestión. Se administró el cuestionario validado de Escala de Valores Profesionales de Enfermería (26 ítems), que consta de 3 dimensiones: ética (9 ítems), compromiso (8 ítems) y dominio profesional (9 ítems). Para cada valor, se solicitó que indicaran si hubo o no cambios (negativos o positivos). En general, se detectaron cambios positivos en los valores profesionales de compromiso y de dominio profesional durante la primera ola de la pandemia. Los valores que acumularon más cambios positivos fueron “buscar formación para actualización”, “proteger la salud y seguridad de la población” y “aceptar responsabilidad de la práctica”. Los valores éticos de los enfermeros/as permanecieron más estables.
La pandemia por coronavirus a través de viñetas de humor gráfico
Authors: Hidalgo Agustín , Cantabrana Begoña , Diego Covadonga , Hidalgo Iñigo
Published: March 2021

El humor, que tiene la función de aliviar la tensión emocional, el miedo y la inseguridad, aporta una lectura crítica de la realidad que se ha reflejado en las viñetas editadas en el diario El País durante la pandemia, cuyos primeros 6 meses se comentan a través del trabajo de los humoristas El Roto, Peridis, Flavita Banana y Malagón. Las historias contadas pueden agruparse en categorías como el estado general del mundo, el origen y difusión de la pandemia, la comunicación y su manipulación, el confinamiento, el miedo, los recursos sanitarios y los sistemas de salud, la crisis política y la economía. El trabajo de los humoristas sugiere que las crisis siempre benefician y perjudican a los mismos, que la política tiene sus dinámicas propias alejadas de la ciudadanía y sus problemas, que las condiciones ambientales, cada vez más deterioradas, y las formas de vida favorecen las pandemias y que las formas de respuesta al problema son las mismas de siempre, acentuadas por el desmantelamiento de la sanidad pública y la desinformación.
Némesis (2010): la epidemia de polio en una comunidad judía en Estados Unidos durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial
Authors: Pujol de Castro Antonio
Published: March 2021

Durante la epidemia de polio de Estados Unidos durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, se cuenta la vivencia de la epidemia desde los ojos de un joven profesor de gimnasia en una comunidad judía. En el artículo describimos los aspectos principales de la epidemia. En primer lugar hablamos de las características que se dan al inicio de una epidemia, cuando se intenta llamar a la calma y se recuerdan enfermedades pasadas. A continuación se habla sobre el origen de la epidemia, las causas que se barajan y los sesgos racistas que pueden llegar a aparecer. También hablamos del rol del médico como fuente de conocimiento y como agente humanizador de la enfermedad. Hablamos del gobierno y las medidas poblacionales que se toman y la proporcionalidad de estas, abriendo el debate de hasta cuándo es responsable paralizar la vida cotidiana para controlar una enfermedad. Finalmente, hablamos del tratamiento de la polio, las grandes secuelas tanto físicas como psicológicas y la situación de la polio actualmente. Sin duda, la polio ha sido una epidemia ejemplar en cuanto a cómo combatir entre todos una amenaza común. Conocer su historia nos puede dar herramientas para enfrentarnos a las nuevas epidemias como la COVID-19.
Selenium level in steroid-resistant and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Pardede Sudung Oloan , Striratnaputri Andini , Kadim Muzal
Published: March 2021

Background The mechanisms of pathogenesis of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) are not well understood. Antioxidants, such as glutathione peroxidase enzyme (GPx) and its cofactor, selenium, are thought to slow the progress of nephrotic syndrome (NS).

Objective To compare selenium levels in SRNS and SSNS pediatric patients.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 51 SRNS and 30 SSNS patients, aged 2 to 18 years, who visited the Pediatric Nephrology Outpatient Clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Subjects were included by consecutive sampling. Selenium was measured on venous blood using GC tools MS ™ (Agilent technologies, inc.).

Results Median selenium levels in SRNS patients were 92 (range 42-154) μg/L and in SSNS patients were 93 (range 69-193) μg/L.

Conclusion Selenium levels in SRNS and SSNS patients were not significantly different.
Respons Awal Obat Antiepilepsi Monoterapi pada Pasien Epilepsi Baru
Authors: Sinaga Nurcahaya , Widodo Dwi Putro , Handryastuti Setyo
Published: March 2021

Latar belakang. Epilepsi merupakan satu dari penyakit neurologi yang sering menyebabkan disabilitas dan kematian. Prediktor terbaik dalam menentukan remisi epilepsi adalah respons awal terhadap OAE. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang memengaruhi respons awal terapi diantaranya etiologi epilepsi, jumlah kejang sebelum pengobatan, bentuk bangkitan kejang, status neurologi, usia awitan dan gambaran elektroensefalografi.Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi respons awal OAE pada pasien epilepsi baru pertama kali.Metode. Penelitian merupakan penelitian kohort prospektif dengan melihat respons awal OAE pada anak penderita epilepsi baru selama 3 bulan yang berobat ke poliklinik rawat jalan RSUP dr Cipto Mangunkusumo sejak Januari 2017 sampai Agustus 2017. Faktor-faktor risiko dianalisis secara bivariat dan multivariat.Hasil. Insiden epilepsi baru adalah 21,9%. Karakteristik pasien epilepsi baru yang mendapat OAE monoterapi sebagian besar berumur ≥1 tahun. Etiologi struktural, awitan kejang ≥1 tahun, jumlah kejang sebelum pengobatan ≥10 ditemukan lebih banyak. Pasien epilepsi tanpa kelainan neurologi ditemukan lebih sedikit dibanding dengan kelainan neurologi. Sebagian besar pasien adalah dengan bangkitan kejang umum dan dengan gambaran kelainan EEG. Respons awal yang baik pada pasien epilepsi baru terhadap OAE monoterapi adalah 77,2% dalam 3 bulan pengobatan. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan respon awal baik adalah etiologi epilepsi, jumlah kejang, kelainan neurologi, bangkitan kejang, dan gambaran EEG. Sementara faktor risiko respons awal dalam 3 bulan pemberian OAE monoterapi adalah jumlah kejang dan gambaran EEG.Kesimpulan. Faktor yang berperan terhadap respons awal terapi OAE monoterapi adalah jumlah kejang dan gambaran EEG.
Közterületi térfigyelés és adatvédelem
Authors: Balogh Zsolt György
Published: March 2021

Az utóbbi években Magyarországon is gyorsan terjednek a közterületeken létesített elektronikus térfigyelő rendszerek, amelyek elsődleges célja a közbiztonság növelése, a bűnmegelőzés és a bűnüldözés technikai támogatása. A rendszerek alkalmazásának azonban nemkívánatos mellékhatása is van; új oldalról fenyegetik a személyiségi jogokat. A tisztességes és törvényes adatkezelés alkotmányos követelményeinek biztosítása érdekében olyan jogi szabályozásra és adatkezelési gyakorlat kialakítására van szükség, amely képes összebékíteni a biztonság iránti igényt és a személyi szabadságot, a magánszféra védelmét. A tanulmány e kérdéseket járja körül, és a megoldás egy lehetséges módjára is rámutat.
Closed Frequent Itemsets Mining Based on It-Tree
Authors: Fakir Youssef , Touate Chaima Ahle , Elayachi Rachid , Fakir Mohamed
Published: March 2021

In the last decade, the amount of collected data, in various computer science applications, has grown considerably. These large volumes of data need to be analysed in order to extract useful hidden knowledge. This work focuses on association rule extraction. This technique is one of the most popular in data mining. Nevertheless, the number of extracted association rules is often very high, and many of them are redundant. In this paper, we propose an algorithm, for mining closed itemsets, with the construction of an it-tree. This algorithm is compared with the DCI (direct counting & intersect) algorithm based on min support and computing time. CHARM is not memery-efficient. It needs to store all closed itemsets in the memory. The lower min-sup is, the more frequent closed itemsets there are so that the amounts of memory used by CHARM are increasing.
Recontextualizaciones en el convivio preescénico: una modalidad de enseñanza de la noción de conflicto a actores con padecimientos de salud mental
Authors: Atorresi Ana , Otero Gabriela
Published: March 2021

Tomando del campo teatral la noción de prácticas de escritura diversas y de la sociolingüística la noción de trayectorias textuales, el artículo describe la experiencia didáctica conducida por el grupo-escuela de teatro El Brote, radicado desde 1997 en la ciudad de Bariloche, provincia de Río Negro, Patagonia argentina, cuyos actores y actrices son personas con padecimientos de salud mental y en situación de desmanicomialización. El artículo ilustra en particular la enseñanza del concepto de conflicto junto a estos actores durante un período de dos años. La metodología empleada fue la reescritura de improvisaciones surgidas en el convivio preescénico hasta su condensación en un texto preescénico de autor. Los resultados de la experiencia muestran la asunción progresiva de juicio crítico y de una identidad profesional, lo que sugiere explorar más profundamente el efecto de la enseñanza teatral sostenida en las personas con padecimientos psíquicos.
Instrucción de estrategias de lectura digital mediante modelado por video
Authors: Salmerón Ladislao , Llorens Ana , Fajardo Inmaculada
Published: March 2021

Los resultados de las pruebas de evaluación internacionales indican que las habilidades de lectura digital de nuestros adolescentes están por debajo de la media de los países de la OCDE. Este es el punto de partida del presente estudio, que analiza la efectividad de un programa de instrucción basado en la técnica del modelado por video a partir de movimientos oculares o EMMEs para la enseñanza de las estrategias de lectura en entornos digitales a un grupo de estudiantes de secundaria. Los resultados muestran que en términos generales los estudiantes que participaron en este programa aprendieron estrategias de lectura digital como la necesidad de planificar la búsqueda y la lectura, evaluar la relevancia de las secciones durante la búsqueda, revisar el plan de acción cuando sea necesario, y leer en profundidad las páginas una vez identificada una sección con información relevante para la tarea. En el artículo se discute como EMME podría ser una técnica efectiva para la instrucción de tareas cognitivas complejas en el contexto escolar que además permitiera la aplicación individualizada y la reducción de la carga del docente.
Eficacia del programa de Pensamiento Prosocial en Entornos Educativos para el desarrollo de la competencia social de adolescentes en situación de riesgo de inadaptación social
Authors: Fernández Durán Mª Ángeles , Viguer Seguí Paz , Cantero López María José
Published: March 2021

La inadaptación social en la adolescencia es un factor de riesgo para el ajuste personal y social en la edad adulta. Determinadas habilidades sociocognitivas incluidas en la competencia social previenen el riesgo de desadaptación social y favorecen el desarrollo óptimo del adolescente. La escuela se presenta como un contexto ideal para desarrollar habilidades cognitivas, sociales y emocionales que favorezcan la competencia social. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la eficacia del Programa de Pensamiento Prosocial en Entornos Educativos (PPSEE) para desarrollar la competencia social de adolescentes en el contexto escolar, específicamente: las habilidades de comunicación, el autocontrol emocional, la resolución de problemas, las habilidades sociales y los valores. Los participantes fueron 30 alumnos entre 12 y 15 años escolarizados de 1º a 3º de educación secundaria. Los resultados mostraron que los alumnos que participaron en el programa mejoraron su autocontrol, su capacidad para la resolución de problemas interpersonales y sus valores prosociales alcanzando puntuaciones similares a las del grupo control después de la intervención. Se concluye que el PPSEE resulta un programa útil para favorecer la competencia social de los alumnos de educación secundaria en situación de riesgo de inadaptación.
Vitamin D is associated with blood lead exposure through bone turnover in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Zhang Haojie , Cui Yuke , Dong Ruihua , Zhang Wen , Chen Shihan , Wan Heng , Chen Chi , Chen Yi , Wang Yuying , Zhu Chunfang , Chen Bo , Wang Ningjian , Lu Yingli
Published: March 2021

Background

Bone is thought to be the reservoir of the human lead burden, and vitamin D is associated with bone turnover. We aimed to explore whether exposure to lower 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels was associated with higher blood lead levels (BLLs) by increasing the bone turnover rate in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

A total of 4103 type 2 diabetic men and postmenopausal women in Shanghai, China, were enrolled in 2018. Their 25(OH)D, β-C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX), N-MID osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N-peptide (P1NP) levels were detected. Their BLLs were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Mediation analyses were performed to identify the possible role that bone turnover played in the underlying mechanisms.

Results

In both the men and postmenopausal women, all three bone turnover markers were inversely associated with 25(OH)D and positively associated with the BLL (all P < 0.01) after adjusting for age, current smoking habits, metabolic parameters, duration of diabetes, vitamin D intake, and use of anti-osteoporosis medication. In the mediation analyses, none of the direct associations between 25(OH)D and BLL was significant for the three bone turnover markers, but all three bone turnover markers were found to be significant mediators of the indirect associations between 25(OH)D and BLL.

Conclusion

The association between vitamin D and BLL was fully mediated by bone turnover markers in type 2 diabetic patients (mediation effect). This finding suggested that vitamin D may protect against blood lead exposure from the bone reservoir by decreasing bone turnover in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Contemporary Belarusian Dialects in Lithuania (Šalčininkai Region)
Authors: Jankowiak Mirosław
Published: March 2021

The aim of the article is to present contemporary Belarusian dialects in south-eastern Lithuania (in the Šalčininkai region), which have not been the subject of comprehensive linguistic research so far. The basis of the analysis is mainly the author’s own materials and materials taped by other dialectologists. The structure of these Belarusian dialects (selected features in phonetics, morphology, syntax, vocabulary and phraseology) as well as the sociolinguistic aspect of their use in a multilingual environment are demonstrated in the article.

The analysis of the collected material shows that the structure of Belarusian dialects in the study area is well-preserved. Belarusian dialectologists regard the Belarusian dialect in the Vilnius Region as a south-western dialect, which should be described in detail. In the statements of interlocutors, one can note the phonetic, morphological and syntactic features typical of: the south-eastern dialect, the Central Belarusian dialect, the Grodno-Baranovichy group of the south-western dialects and the two so-called dialectal zones: western and north-western. On the one hand, it is a territory shaped by two dialectal massifs and one dialect group, on the other hand, it has been influenced by Baltic and Polish for hundreds of years. Particularly noteworthy is the lexis. Decades of coexistence of Belarusians, Lithuanians and Poles on this territory contributed to the fact that in Belarusian dialects there are numerous borrowings from Lithuanian and Polish (and their dialects).
On ACL and hyper Q-homeomorphisms
Authors: Kovtoniuk D.A.
Published: March 2021

We show that, if homeomorphism $f$ of domain $D \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, $n \geqslant 2$, is a hyper Q-homeomorphism with $Q \in L_{loc}^1$, then $f \in ACL$. As a consequence, such homeomorphism has partial derivatives almost everywhere and approximative differential. Besides, it is possible to prove that external dilatation $K_O(x, f)$ of mapping $f$ is almost everywhere majorated by function $Q^{n-1}$ and $f \in W_{loc}^{1,1}$.
Conditions of unicity of the best $L_1$-approximant for vector-valued functions by subspace of constant mappings
Authors: Tkachenko M.Ye. , Traktynska V.M.
Published: March 2021

We obtain the conditions of unicity of the best $L_1$-approximant for vector-valued functions, continuous on metric compact, by subspace of constant mappings.
Theorem on width of ball in spaces of mappings
Authors: Babenko V.F.
Published: March 2021

Theorem about weak widths of ball in spaces of mappings having values in linear normed spaces is proved. An example of application of this theorem is presented.
The best approximation of classes, defined by powers of self-adjoint operators acting in Hilbert space, by other classes
Authors: Babenko V.F. , Bilichenko R.O.
Published: March 2021

The best approximation of class of elements such that $\| A^k x \| \leqslant 1$ by classes of elements such that $\| A^r x \| \leqslant N$, $N > 0$ for powers $k < r$ of self-adjoint operator $A$ in Hilbert space $H$ is found.
Quasi-lower semicontinuous regularization of mappings in Banach spaces
Authors: Dovzhenko A.V. , Kogut P.I.
Published: March 2021

The method of the quasi-lower semicontinuous regularization of mappings in Banach spaces is proposed.
Career and scientific oeuvre of Sergei Mikhailovich Nikolskii (brief outline)
Authors: Babenko V.F. , Motornyi V.P.
Published: March 2021

Career and scientific oeuvre of Sergei Mikhailovich Nikolskii (brief outline).
The best one-side approximation of classes of integrals of fractional order with regard to position of point on interval
Authors: Pasko A.M.
Published: March 2021

We obtain the asymptotic estimations for the best one-sided point-wise approximation to the classes $W_{\infty}^r$, $r > 1$ (in case of fractional $r$) by algebraic polynomials.
On some smooth approximations on thick periodic multi-structures
Authors: Kogut P.I. , Rudyanova T.N.
Published: March 2021

In this paper we study the approximation properties of measurable and square-integrable functions. In particular we show that any $L^2$-bounded function can be approximated in $L^2$-norm by smooth functions defined on a highly oscillating boundary of thick multi-structures in ${\mathbb{R}}^n$. We derive the norm estimates for the approximating functions and study their asymptotic behaviour.
On classes $\breve{H}_{p; \rho}^{(\nu)}$ and $\widetilde{H}_{p; \rho}^{(\nu)}$
Authors: Goncharov S.V.
Published: March 2021

We find an interconnexion between two classes of functions being integrable with a weight and satisfying conditions of Lipschitz type in the integral metric, in certain cases.
Signs criterion and Wilcoxon criterion from the Interval Analysis point of view
Authors: Degtiarenko F.P. , Ruban V.I.
Published: March 2021

The analogues of criterion of signs and criterion of Wilcoxon are built for a case when sample values are known not precisely but with some error.
On products of some unitary operators
Authors: Kalashnіkova N.V.
Published: March 2021

We found a set of values $\gamma \in \mathbb{C}$, for which the equation $U_1 U_2 U_3 = \gamma I$ with the conditions $U_1^n = U_2^2 = U_3^2 = I$ has a solution in the set of unitary operators. It is proved that for any $\gamma \in \mathbb{C}$, $|\gamma| = 1$, the operator $\gamma I$ can be represented as the product of four unitary self-adjoint operators.
Mobilya ve diğer mamul eşyalar sektörünün Türkiye ekonomisi içerisindeki önemi
Authors: TÜRKER Mustafa Fehmi , YEŞİLYURT Emine Nur , SARITAŞ Elif , YILMAZ Canan
Published: March 2021

Bir ülkede genel ekonomik yapıyı ve bu yapıyı oluşturan tüm sektörlerin birbirleriyle olan ilişkilerini analitik olarak ortaya çıkarmak için girdi-çıktı çözümlemelerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile girdi-çıktı çözümlemesi yardımıyla 2012 yılı itibariyle Türkiye ekonomisini oluşturan 64 sektörden biri olan mobilya ve diğer mamul eşyalar sektörünün; üretim, katma değer, ihracat, ithalat ve diğer sektörlerle olan ilişkilerini ortaya çıkarmak ve böylece bahse konu sektörün ülke ekonomisi içerisindeki önemini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde, mobilya ve diğer mamul eşyalar sektörünün; Türkiye ekonomisini oluşturan 64 sektör içinde üretim yönü ile 20., katma değer yönüyle 47., ithalatta 17. ve ihracatta da 13. sırada yer aldığı ve ihracatının ithalatı karşılama oranının ülke ekonomisi ortalamasının çok üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Bunlara ek olarak, Türkiye ekonomisini oluşturan sektörlerin ileri ve geri bağlantı oranı ortalamasına (0.44) göre, mobilya ve diğer mamul eşyalar sektörünün ileri (0.11) ve geri bağlantı (0.38) oranlarının düşük olduğu sonucuna da ulaşılmıştır.
LymphocyteCollection v2
Authors: A McCown Michaela , A Tueller Josie , Weber Scott , H Payne Samuel
Published: March 2021

Purpose: To isolate in separate wells of B lymphocytes and wells of T lymphocytes from fresh whole blood. Generally, lyse red blood cells and decant to obtain white blood cells. Then, stain with fluorescent antibodies to guide the FACS sort by cell type.
Growth curve for Chlamydomonas reinhardtii v1
Authors: Vitor Molino Joao
Published: March 2021

This protocols describe the steps required for obtain a growth curve of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and fluorescent protein expression of mVenus and mCherry.
PENGETAHUAN GIZI IBU HAMIL DI KECAMATAN KERTASARI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Apriliani Sri Lestari , Nikmawati Ellis Endang , Yulia Cica
Published: March 2021

Angka kematian ibu (AKI) menggambarkan resiko kematian ibu pada fase kehamilan, persalinan, dan masa nifas. Angka kematian ibu di Jawa Barat mengalami peningkatan dari 748 kasus ditahun 2014 menjadi 823 kasus di tahun 2015. Kabupaten Bandung merupakan wilayah dengan angka kematian ibu cukup tinggi. Masalah gizi ibu hamil seperti kurang energi kronik (KEK), anemia dan kurang yodium dapat menyebabkan angka kematian ibu (AKI) meningkat. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mencegah masalah gizi ibu hamil adalah melalui asupan makanan yang dipengaruhi pengetahuan gizi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai pengetahuan gizi ibu hamil di Kecamatan Kertasari Kabupaten Bandung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian secara cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proporsional simple random sampling, sebanyak 95 ibu hamil. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes objektif yang telah divalidasi secara konstrak dan dihitung menggunakan program iteman dengan jumlah butir soal yang valid sebanyak 25 soal dengan reliabilitas sedang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan gizi ibu hamil kurang dari setengah responden memiliki pengetahuan gizi kurang (42,1%) dan pengetahuan gizi cukup (31,6%), sedangkan sebagian kecil responden memiliki pengetahuan gizi baik (22,1%) dan pengetahuan gizi sangat baik (4,2%). Pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pesan gizi seimbang, anjuran porsi makan ibu hamil, fungsi dan sumber zat gizi bagi ibu hamil termasuk pada kriteria cukup. Pengetahuan tentang akibat kekurangan dan kelebihan gizi bagi ibu hamil termasuk pada kriteria kurang.
Students’ Algebraic Proficiency from the Perspective of Symbol Sense
Authors: Jupri Al , Sispiyati Ririn
Published: March 2021

Algebraic proficiency, including procedural fluency and conceptual understanding, is widely discussed worldwide. Algebraic proficiency refers largely to proficiency in symbolic representations which can be investigated through a framework of symbol sense. This research, therefore, aims to analyze students’ algebraic proficiency in terms of symbol sense. We set up a pilot study, involving 22 Indonesian mathematics education students (18-19 year old), in the form of two weeks teaching that combine a conventional approach and the use of a camera calculator in the learning and teaching of quadratic and related equations. The results showed that more than half number of students lacks of symbol sense in the sense that they tend to use procedural strategies rather than symbol sense strategies in solving equations. From the perspective of symbol sense, we concluded that the students acquired more on procedural fluency than on conceptual understanding.
The Properties of Fuel and Characterization of Functional Groups in Biodiesel -Water Emulsions from Waste Cooking Oil and Its Blends
Authors: Bhikuning Annisa , Senda Jiro Senda
Published: March 2021

Studying biodiesel as an alternative fuel is important for finding the most suitable fuel for the future. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil is one of the alternative fuels to replace fossil oil. Waste cooking oil is the used oil from cooking and is taken from hotels or restaurants. The emulsion of waste cooking oil and water is produced by adding water to the oil, as well as some additives to bind the water and the oil. In this study, the fuel properties of 100% biodiesel waste cooking oil  are compared to several blends by volume: 5% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 95% diesel oil (BD5), 10% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 90% of diesel oil (BD10), 5% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 10% of water and 18.7% of additives (BDW18.7), and 5% of biodiesel waste cooking oil blended with 10% of water and 24.7% of additives (BDW24.7). The objectives of this study are to establish the properties and characteristics of the FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) of biodiesel-water emulsions from waste cooking oil and to compare them to other fuels. The chemical properties of the fuels are analyzed by using the ASTM D Method and FTIR  to determine the FAME (fatty acid methyl ester) composition of biodiesel in diesel oil. The results showed that the addition of additives in the water-biodiesel oil increases the viscosity, density, and flash point. However, it decreased the caloric value due to the oxygen content in the fuel.
Bacterial Cell Inactivation Using a Single-Frequency Batch-Type Ultrasound Device
Authors: Sambegoro Poetro , Fitriyanti Maya , Budiman Bentang Arief , Kamarisima Kamarisima , Arraudah Baliwangi Sekar Wangi , Alverian Calvin , Bagherzadeh Saeed , Narsimhan Ganesan , Aditiawati Pingkan , Nurprasetio Ignatius Pulung
Published: March 2021

Ultrasound technology employs cavitation to generate high-pressure soundwaves to disrupt bacterial cells. This study reveals the effectiveness of a single frequency ultrasound device for bacterial cell inactivation. A low-cost ultrasound device having a single frequency, i.e. 22 kHz for lab-scale application, was developed first, and the prototype was mechanically designed and analyzed using the finite-element method to assure the targeted natural frequency could be achieved. The prototype was then tested inactivating bacterial cells, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), in a simple medium and a food system, and the results were then compared to a commercial system. A treatment time of up to 15 minutes was able to reduce E. coli and B. subtilis cells by 3.3 log and 2.8 log, respectively, and these results were similar to those of the commercial system. The effectiveness of bacterial cell inactivation using the developed single-frequency ultrasound device is then discussed. The findings are useful for designing low-cost ultrasound devices for application in the food industry.
Assessment of destressing drilling efficiency using numerical methods: A case-study of Oktyabrsky deposit
Authors: Sergunin M. P. , Darbinyan T. P. , Mushtekenov T. S. , Balandin V. V.
Published: March 2021

Mineral mining in rockburst-hazardous conditions should involve various precautions in compliance with federal regulations and standards. One of the main methods to prevent rock bursts is destressing drilling. In this method, a yielding zone is artificially created. The strength and deformation characteristics in this zone differ from the same characteristics of enclosing rock mass, and redistribution of stresses takes place as a result. Efficiency of destressing drilling is estimated in terms of ore body S-2 in Komsomolsky Mine. The efficiency criterion is selected to be the safety factor of rock mass with and without destressing drilling. Low efficiency of destressing drilling means that this method is readily replaceable by the other techniques of lesser labor input, for example, by reduction in the rate of mining, or by seasoning of underground excavations for some time required for redistribution of stresses to take place. Based on the theoretical research and the conclusions drawn at NorNickel’s Polar Division, the full-scale tests are scheduled for the implementation in order to gradually abandon destessing drilling in rockburst-hazardous Talnakh and Oktyabrsky ore fields. The authors appreciate participation of V. P. Marysyuk from NorNickel’s Polar Division in this study.
Fine hydraulic screening for staged separation of titanium-magnetite concentrate
Authors: Pelevin A. E. , Sytykh N. A.
Published: March 2021

This article covers the applications of fine hydraulic screening for the staged separation of titanium-magnetite concentrates upstream of the last grinding stage and provides an evaluation of its process efficiency options for the Kachkanarsky GOK. In all screen operating modes tested, the mass fraction of iron in the undersize was higher than its mass fraction in the oversize, but failed to reach the target value for the concentrate of 61 %. Therefore, the undersize must be subjected to additional magnetic concentration. Staged separation of the concentrate by fine screening allows either to improve concentrator performance (by up to 10 %) or to increase the concentration process indicators without changing the grinding equipment volume. In this case, the undersize yield averages 55 %. The use of the staged concentrate separation technology with fine screening at constant process parameters and steady factory performance allows reducing the tertiary mill volume in relative terms, not exceeding half of the undersize yield from the operation, which shall be 65–70 %. The minimum permissible values of the mass fraction of iron and of the –0.071 mm class in the screen feed and the undersize must be ensured for obtaining the required concentrate grade. The values of these indicators depend on the material composition of the ore and the concentration process used.
Designs of new operating copper processing plants: process types, equipment selection, industry trends
Authors: Baranov V. F.
Published: March 2021

The article describes the largest operating processing plants for lowgrade copper sulphide ores of our time: 10 plants using the semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) technology and 10 plants using high-pressure grinding rolls (HPGR), with the output of 18 to 100 Mtpa. The unfavorable natural and economic factors are balanced by improved ore preparation and concentration technologies and high-capacity equipment units, combined with cost-saving layout solutions. The ore preparation sector is currently divided between the competing technologies of semi-autogenous grinding and HPGR. The article contains an overview of their advantages and disadvantages. The world’s largest monosection with the capacity of 55.5 Mtpa, that uses the SAG technology, is described. The role of the Drop Weght Test JKSimMet (A×b) parameter in the selection of the ore preparation method and the trend for using HPGR in the processing of strong ores are shown. Examples are provided for the consequences of an inadequate assessment of the feed strength in SAG-based plant designs. Examples of ore preparation process intensification through the use of HPGR in semi-autogenous grinding circuits are also given. The volume of impeller flotation cells installed has reached 600 m3. An overview of the two largest processing plants of our time with the output of 88 and 100 Mtpa of ore is presented. The innovative technical solutions of a newest low-capacity copper plant are highlighted. Based on the results of the overview, a future processing plant is predicted to use ∅12.8–13 m SAG mills, HPGRs with the roll diameter of 3 m, vertical VTM-7000 mills in ore grinding cycles, large fine screens, large-scale impeller flotation cells, and staged SFR and DFR flotation reactors.
UNDERSTANDING ARCHITECTURE THROUGH HEIDEGGER’S PHENOMENOLOGY
Authors: BAZINA Anna N. , REPINA Evgeniya A.
Published: March 2021

The authors, analyzing the philosophical concepts of M. Heidegger and their interpretations by architectural theorists, outline the understanding of architecture in the phenomenological tradition. The purpose of this work is to identify those meanings of architecture that are overlooked in the positivist picture of the world. The article examines the phenomenological concepts that reveal the importance of architecture as a link between man and the environment: architecture as the creation of «places», architecture as a built «thing», architecture as a work of art. The relevance of the topic is justifi ed by the urgent need to reunite architecture with the human life world.
EVOLUTION OF THE FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT OF ARTISTIC PERFORATION IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Authors: DANILOVA Anastasiya V.
Published: March 2021

The evolution of the use of perforation is considered from the point of view of the functional component in the architecture of public buildings: technological, functional, artistic and decorative, emergent. An att empt is made to identify the stages of the evolution of perforation in the formation of the architectural image of a public building. The objects of architecture are analyzed, differentiated by stylistic characteristics and peculiarities of using the perforation technique as the most important component of the formation of the object’s architecture. The dynamics of the change in the dominant functions of artistic perforation in the context of the evolution of architectural styles is analyzed. The research was carried out with the fi nancial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the scientifi c project No. 20-312-90005
“Un Diccionario no debe taparse los ojos ante la realidad”. Metáforas sobre la lengua e ideología en el columnismo lingüístico académico
Authors: Marimón Llorca Carmen
Published: March 2021

El uso del lenguaje figurado supone un nivel alto de reflexividad sobre el lenguaje –de ahí su naturaleza metalingüística-, y opera siempre en un contexto social y lingüístico determinado. Este último aspecto es el que proporciona una dimensión ideológica al uso de determinados recursos. En efecto, distintos autores (Goatly, 2007; Bernel, 2007) han destacado la funcionalidad argumentativa de las metáforas en la medida en que proporcionan un escenario de comprensión -dominios de origen- que, de alguna manera, condicionan la forma en la que un determinado concepto va a ser recibido por los hablantes. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la funcionalidad discursiva de las metáforas metalingüísticas en un corpus de textos formado por columnas sobre la lengua escritas por autores académicos. En el trabajo se muestra qué papel desempeñan las metáforas como elementos argumentativos, hasta qué punto colaboran a construir una manera determinada de presentar el idioma, y, en consecuencia, su contribución en la transmisión de un imaginario sobre la lengua y sobre la Academia que justifica la actividad institucional en la que se implican.
UPAYA REPRESIF DAN PREVENTIF DALAM PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS OLEH KENDARAAN PENGANGKUT SUPORTER PSIM
Authors: Romadhon Andi Jafits Luster
Published: March 2021

Sepak bola dan suporter merupakan satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Faktanya suporter sepak bola seringkali menunjukkan sikap fanatis yang berlebihan terhadap tim yang didukungnya melalui berbagai tindakan negatif seperti merusak fasilitas umum dan melakukan pelanggaran lalu lintas. Hal demikian terjadi juga pada suporter PSIM Yogyakarta dengan berfokus pada pelanggaran lalu lintas terhadap kendaraan pengangkut. Lebih lanjut tulisan ini akan membahas tentang upaya preventif dan upaya represif terhadap penegakan hukum suporter PSIM yang dilakukan melalui penelitian yang bersifat yuridis empiris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran lalu lintas oleh kendaraan pengangkut suporter sepak bola dilakukan oleh pihak kepolisian baik secara preventif maupun represif. Upaya preventif dilakukan pihak Satlantas Polresta Yogyakarta dengan cara memberikan pengawalan terhadap konvoi suporter dan menempatkan anggotanya di titik-titik yang dilalui suporter PSIM. Sedangkan upaya represif yang dilakukan dengan penindakan, baik melalui teguran dan penilangan.
Actualización de las precauciones estándar y específicas de aislamiento para la prevención de las infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud
Authors: Cristerna Tarrasa Giancarlo Hernán , Hernandez Orozco Hilda , Arias  de la Garza Eduardo , Gonzalez Saldaña Napoleón
Published: March 2021

Las infecciones asociadas con la atención en salud son un problema grave en los hospitales a nivel mundial. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estima que el 7% de los pacientes hospitalizados en países industrializados y el 10% en países en vías de industrialización sufrirá infecciones asociadas con la atención en salud. Estas infecciones se asocian con aumento significativo de la morbilidad y mortalidad, y los costos en la atención de la salud y están estrechamente relacionadas con la estancia hospitalaria prolongada, el uso de dispositivos intravasculares, catéteres urinarios, intubación orotraqueal, ventilación mecánica, entre otros. Además, en años recientes, los microorganismos resistentes a múltiples fármacos son frecuentemente aislados en las infecciones asociadas con la atención en salud, lo que contribuye al aumento significativo de la morbilidad y mortalidad, administración de antimicrobianos de amplio espectro y costos médicos.Se han hecho esfuerzos en todo el mundo para reducir las infecciones asociadas con la atención en salud al asumir precauciones específicas de aislamiento basadas en el tipo de microorganismo, transmisión y susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Estos se basan en un alto porcentaje de cumplimiento de higiene de manos del personal de salud, rápida identificación de las infecciones asociadas con la atención en salud y la implementación de las precauciones específicas de aislamiento para prevenir brotes. Estas medidas incluyen tres mecanismos principales de trasmisión: contacto, gotas y vía aérea. Este estudio muestra la actualización de las recomendaciones publicadas en 2009 para prevenir las infecciones asociadas con la atención en salud, de acuerdo con la epidemiología local y las recomendaciones más recientes de la OMS y de los Centros de Control de Enfermedades (CDC).
Świadomość ubezpieczeniowa studentów w zakresie ubezpieczenia kredytu
Authors: Piechota Anna , Marczewska Daria
Published: March 2021

Ubezpieczenia kredytu są oferowane klientom korzystającym z produktu bankowego jakim jest kredyt. Ubezpieczenie kredytu jest specyficznym produktem ubezpieczeniowym oraz jednym z elementów współpracy bankowo-ubezpieczeniowej. Celem artykułu jest ocena poziomu świadomości studentów w zakresie ubezpieczenia kredytu na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania kwestionariuszowego oraz dostępnych wyników badań w przedmiotowym zakresie. Przeprowadzone wśród studentów badanie ankietowe wskazało na odmienne poglądy, niewielkie doświadczenia oraz niepełną wiedzę w zakresie ubezpieczenia kredytu wśród badanych studentów. Dostępne wyniki badań potwierdzają obserwacje w przeprowadzonym badaniu. Poziom świadomości ubezpieczeniowej powinien być podnoszonym m.in. przez edukację.
Ochrona konsumentów na rynku kapitałowym w Polsce
Authors: Czech Maria
Published: March 2021

Prawidłowe funkcjonowanie rynku kapitałowego determinowane jest utrzymywaniem wymaganego poziomu bezpieczeństwa jego uczestników. Z uwagi na liczne zagrożenia, rynek kapitałowy jest szczególnie wymagający dla konsumentów, którzy na własne ryzyko dokonują obrotu instrumentami finansowymi (inwestorzy indywidualni). Do głównych zagrożeń zalicza się przede wszystkim deficyty informacji, zmienność uwarunkowań rynkowych, a także nieuczciwe praktyki rynkowe oraz upadłość biur maklerskich, w których utrzymują instrumenty finansowe lub środki pieniężne.Celem opracowania jest wskazanie zakresu ochrony konsumentów usług finansowych na rynku kapitałowym. W opracowaniu stawia się hipotezę, że ochrona konsumentów na rynku kapitałowym jest niewystarczająca i wymaga wprowadzenia kompleksowych rozwiązań w zakresie spójnego systemu ochrony.W artykule wykorzystuje się dwie metody badawcze. Pierwszą metodą, jest analiza dokumentów i aktów prawnych. Jej celem jest przedstawienie zakresu udzielenia ochrony konsumentom usług maklerskich. Drugą metodą badawczą jest empiryczna analiza dynamiki, której celem jest wskazanie tendencji oraz dynamiki zmian aktywności konsumentów usług maklerskich.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA MADEIRA SERRADA NA AMAZÔNIA MATO-GROSSENSE
Authors: Rissi Nathália Toldo , Melo Rafael Rodolfo de , Alves Allyson Rocha , Batista Felipe Gomes , Souza Maila Janaína Coelho de , Ferreira Lucélio Mendes
Published: March 2021

O início de processo de extração madeireira na Amazônia mato-grossense se deu em função das políticas de integração nacional. Naquele momento, devido uma elevada disponibilidade de matéria-prima, não se tinha preocupação com a qualidade final dos produtos. Com passar dos anos, os principais setores que dependem dessa produção, se tornaram cada vez mais exigentes em relação à qualidade da madeira produzida na Região. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade da madeira serrada na Amazônia mato-grossense. O estudo ocorreu por meio de um levantamento realizado em 37 serrarias da região Norte de Mato Grosso, abrangendo as cidades de Sinop, Sorriso, Feliz Natal, Aripuanã, Juara, Tabaporã, e União do Sul. Foram avaliadas a padronizações das peças serradas com as dimensões estabelecidas pelas normas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT); e verificada se as principais espécies serradas na região são identificadas corretamente, por meio de comparações entres as amostras comercializadas com dados de xilotecas credenciadas. Foi analisada qual a espécie que ocorre com maior abrangência nas serrarias da região é a Qualea paraensis. As peças mais produzidas foram caibros, vigas e tábuas. Destes, as tábuas foram os produtos em que as serrarias mais seguem as normas com as dimensões recomendadas. Das principais espécies comercializadas na região, verificou que pelo menos 30% destas são identificadas/comercializadas com nomenclatura equivocada.
High Frequency of Multidrug-resistant (Mdr) Klebsiella Pneumoniae Harboring Several β-lactamase and Integron Genes Collected From Several Hospitals in the North of Iran
Authors: Farhadi Mojgan , Ahanjan Mohammad , Goli Hamid Reza , Haghshenas Mohammad Reza , Gholami Mehrdad
Published: March 2021

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the leading causes of hospital outbreaks worldwide. Also, antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae is progressively being involved in invasive infections with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of the current study was to determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the incidences of resistance genes (integron types and β-lactamase-encoded genes) among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 100 clinical samples were obtained from hospitalized patients in three teaching hospitals in the north of Iran, from November 2018 and October 2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disk agar diffusion test in line with CLSI recommendation. For colistin, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using broth microdilution. Based on antibiogram, multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensive-drug resistant (XDR) strains were detected. Finally, integron types and β-lactamase resistance genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction technique.Results. The most and least clinical samples were related to the urine and bronchoalveolar lavage, respectively. Based on the antibiogram results, amikacin and gentamicin exhibited good activity against K. pneumoniae strains in vitro. High resistance rate (93%) to ampicillin/sulbactam also predict the limited efficacy of this antibiotic. Among all the 100 isolates, the frequency of MDR and XDR strains were 58% and 13%, respectively, while no pan-drug resistant (PDR) isolates were found. The prevalence of blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15, blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaNDM β-lactamase genes were 91.4%, 82.7%, 79.3%, 29.3%, 36.2% and 6.9%, respectively, however 58% of the isolates were carrying intI gene. Class II and III integrons were not detected in any isolates. Conclusion: The MDR K. pneumoniae is becoming a serious problem in hospitals, with many strains developing resistance to most available antimicrobials. Our results indicate co-presence of a series of β-lactamase and integron types on the MDR strains recovered from hospitalized patients. The increasing rate of these isolates emphasizes the importance of choosing an appropriate antimicrobial regimen based on antibiotic susceptibility pattern.
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting the Probability of Adjacent Segmental Fractures After Vertebral Augmentation of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Li Qiujiang , Long Xingxia , Wang Yinbin , Fang Xiaomin , Guo Donggeng , Lv Jinhan , Hu Xuehua , Cai Lijun
Published: March 2021

Background Adjacent segmental fractures are adverse events after vertebral augmentation of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs). Predicting the risk of adjacent segmental fractures accurately after surgery is still a significant challenge for spinal surgeons. The aim of our study was to identify predictive factors of the risk of adjacent segmental fractures after vertebral augmentation of OVCFs and develop a nomogram. Methods A nomogram was compiled based on the training cohort of 403 patients, who were hospitalized for OVCFs and performed vertebral augmentation, in the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from June 2014 to December 2016. The independent predictive factors of postoperative adjacent segmental fractures were determined by LASSO, univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then, establish a nomogram based on these independent predictors. We assessed nomograme using variety methods, including area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).The above results were verified by the validation cohort of 159 patients, who were hospitalized for OVCFs and performed vertebral augmentation between January 2017 and June 2018. Results The establishment of the nomogram was based on six independent predictors， were determined by multivariate analysis，including age, bone cement injection, bone cement leakage, contact between bone cement and vertebral endplates, bone cement dispersion, and anti-osteoporosis treatment. In the training and validation cohort, the AUC of the nomogram were 0.882 (95% confidence interval, 0.824–0.940) and 0.869 (95% confidence interval: 0.811–0.927),respectively.In the training and validation cohort, the optimal calibration curves demonstrated the coincidence between prediction and actual status, and the decision curve analysis demonstrated that the full model had the highest clinical net benefit across the entire range of threshold probabilities. Conclusion The risk prediction model shows a satisfactory prediction effect and could quantify the probability of adjacent segmental fractures after vertebral augmentation of OVCFs.