bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caring for dying Jewish people in a multicultural/religious society
Authors: Katz Jeanne Samson
Published: January 2018

Despite an increased emphasis on racial awareness in health-care settings, religious customs that disrupt routines still unsettle nurses and other health workers. Providing education about the beliefs of different ethnic minorities and the significance for the different parties of practising specific death-related rituals could both prepare nurses for what they may encounter and increase their understanding of the responses of patients and their relatives. This article explores Jewish beliefs and practices relating to caring for dying and recently deceased people as an example of such death-related rituals. It is suggested that nurses should not be afraid of asking direct questions about levels of religious observance of the relatives of the dying Jewish person. Good communication skills and an openness to accept differences are essential if nurses are to respond appropriately to reduce the distress bereaved people from ethnic minorities experience when carrying out religious practices.
Management of lymphoedema: a developing specialism in nursing?
Authors: Williams Angela , Badger Caroline
Published: January 2018

Although there is a long tradition of complex physical treatment of lymphoedema in continental Europe, it is only in the past decade that this approach has been introduced to Britain. During the 1980s, there was a gradual increase in the number of healthcare professionals, in particular nurses, offering treatment alongside their existing responsibilities. In the last 2 years, however, there has been a significant increase in the number of professionals specializing in the management of lymphoedema. Is the management of lymphoedema evolving as a specialism? This paper considers the concept of specialism and relates it to the development of lymphoedema management in Britain. Parallels with the development of an established nursing specialty are also explored.
Euthanasia: failure or autonomy?
Authors: Farsides Calliope
Published: January 2018

When faced with a request for euthanasia, carers should not immediately assume that this has been generated by a failure of care. It is possible to distinguish between those patients who can be helped to want to live again and those who cannot. Within the second group there will be individuals who choose euthanasia not because of psychological problems but because they consider it a rational choice, given who they are and how they have lived their lives. In dealing with such patients, carers must respect their decision, even when they are unable or unwilling to accede to it. Such respect is only possible in a context where people feel free to discuss and explore the possibility of euthanasia. If the institutional philosophy prevents this, a harm is done to those who believe that there is nothing wrong with euthanasia in principle, and that, in fact, it is right for them in practice.
A different kind of care
Authors: Hanna Pauline
Published: January 2018

This article describes an interim home for terminally ill patients who, despite an extended prognosis, do not require highly skilled care. Patients are assessed for suitability by a professional nurse from the interim home. The assessment, although not rigid, is quite specific. Care is provided by community care workers under the supervision of, and backup from, a professional nurse. The article includes issues of family involvement, the mode of dying and a study of staff stress levels. Comparisons are drawn between the interim home and the high care hospice centre and some interesting findings emerge.
Introducing the International Palliative Nursing Network
Authors: Bosch Annie , Ferguson Alison , Hazelton Bibi Hølge , Webber Jeanette
Published: January 2018

During the Ninth International Cancer Nursing Conference held in Brighton last year, an evening symposium was hosted by Alison Ferguson and Jeanette Webber on behalf of the Royal College of Nursing Palliative Nursing Group in the United Kingdom. The purpose of the meeting was to enable delegates to explore the possibility of developing an International Palliative Nursing Network (IPNN). Thirty two nurses from fifteen countries attended the symposium and there was a strong consensus that the development of the Network was both timely and viable.
Exploring the nature and impact of fatigue in advanced cancer
Authors: Krishnasamy Meinir
Published: January 2018

This paper offers an insight into the nature and impact of fatigue through the triadic perceptions of patients with advanced cancer, family members or friends, and health care professionals involved with their care.

Their views were accessed through a case study undertaken at a cancer centre and funded by Macmillan Cancer Relief. The aim was to identify aspects of the experience that may be amenable to future nursing intervention.
Audit of pain and sleep during sleeping hours
Authors: Pugh Edwin , Silcock Daphne
Published: January 2018

This joint audit between nursing and medical staff examines the quality of sleep experienced during the night and the degree to which pain is controlled in a specialist palliative care unit. Patients and nurses independently completed short questionnaires incorporating categorical rating scales for pain and sleep. Patients' perceptions were directly sought. Nurses were good at assessing whether patients slept well and also whether they were pain free. However assessment was less accurate in judging the degree of pain when present or quality of sleep when poor. Areas to improve pain control and sleep were identified. This audit methodology has the potential to provide outcome measures of quality of palliative care not only for the individual palliative care provider but also wider purchaser and provider bodies.
Research based mouth care in palliative care patients in the community setting
Authors: Mahaffey Wendy
Published: January 2018

This article states the importance of research based mouth care for palliative care patients. Mouth care for palliative care patients has relied upon traditional nursing practice with little utilisation of research findings. The author has examined the literature in addition to surveying nursing practice and dental recommendations. The utilisation of an assessment tool is advocated enabling accurate assessment of mouth care needs for palliative care patients. A protocol and standard has been formulated and appears in Figures 2 and 3. These are designed to allow appropriate treatment to be given. The standard can be audited as appropriate to assess performance. The author intends to implement this change into her team of district nurses and monitor its effectiveness.
Nurses response to terminal care in the geriatric unit
Authors: Maestri-Banks Anita , Gosney Margot
Published: January 2018

The elderly patient poses a major challenge in the future organisation of nursing services. Over half of all cancers occur in the elderly and account for a considerable proportion of diagnoses for patients in geriatric units. The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the attitudes of nurses towards terminal care of patients on their wards. The questionnaire sought the opinions of nurses on acute and rehabilitation wards with regard to various aspects of terminal care. The study identified several areas where nurses on both acute and rehabilitation wards felt uncomfortable with their role in the care of such patients and areas where they felt to be lacking in certain skills. The study highlighted that although nurses considered care in these wards to be good, the provision of specialised training, and support of these nurses, would perhaps enable more satisfaction for the nurses and improve care of elderly patients during their terminal illness.
Minimise turnover by keeping staff happy
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: January 2018

Unhappy staff make for an unhappy home. Managers that proactively look out for the signs of discontent will more than likely save on staff turnover and cost. In this article, Adam Bernstein discusses the warnings that management should be wary of
The nurse's role in developing dynamic customer service
Authors: Ashurst Adrian
Published: January 2018

Promoting good customer service is everyone's role when providing long-term care. In this article, Adrian Ashurst discusses how nurses can improve customer service in the care home setting, and how this feeds into the revalidation process
Acute kidney injury: What is it and how can it be prevented?
Authors: Bonfield Becky
Published: January 2018

Acute kidney injury commonly starts in the community. Becky Bonfield explains how practice nurses can help to identify the condition to improve patient outcomes

Acute kidney injury is a common and under-recognised disorder associated with both morbidity and mortality, which often leads to the development of chronic kidney disease ( Lewington et al, 2013 ). While acute kidney injury was previously thought to be completely reversible, with no long-term health implications for patients who recovered, there is growing evidence that even a single transient acute kidney injury can lead to permanent organ damage ( Coca et al, 2012 ). It is important for staff in primary care to be aware of acute kidney injury and its causes, as up to 65% of acute kidney injuries will start in the community setting ( Selby et al, 2012 ). Being able to understand the common risk factors for acute kidney injury can assist in early diagnosis and treatment, which can improve patient outcomes.
Advising travellers on the risk of typhoid and paratyphoid
Authors: Gawthrop Mary
Published: January 2018

Typhoid and paratyphoid are bacterial infections that can cause serious symptoms in travellers. Mary Gawthrop explains the role of the practice nurse in assessing risk and providing protection against these illnesses

Typhoid, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, and paratyphoid, caused by other Salmonella enterica serotypes, are known as enteric fever. Both diseases are spread by the faecal–oral route, and therefore are predominantly diseases of countries with inadequate sanitation and poor public health resources. Typhoid is endemic in South Asia and parts of South-East Asia, the Middle East, Central and South America, and Africa. Most UK travellers diagnosed with typhoid and paratyphoid had recently travelled to the Indian subcontinent—Bangladesh, India or Pakistan—to visit friends and relatives. In the UK, currently an oral, live vaccine and injectable, inactivated vaccines are available. The vaccines only protect against typhoid and not paratyphoid infection, and are not 100% effective. Therefore, practice nurses should remind travellers of the importance of food and water hygiene measures.
Prostate cancer: How practice nurses can help reach the 1 in 4
Authors: James Laura
Published: January 2018

Black men are at increased risk of prostate cancer, but many are unaware. Practice nurses can play a pivotal role in helping to change these statistics for the better, Laura James explains.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Winter George
Published: January 2018

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
An update on Making Tax Digital
Authors: Gransby James
Published: January 2018

Specialist medical accountant James Gransby provides a progress report on the new digital tax system
Second Derivative Free Eighteenth Order Convergent Method for Solving Non-Linear Equations
Authors: Kumar Vatti V.B. , Sri Ramadevi , Mylapalli M.S.Kumar
Published: January 2018

In this paper, the Eighteenth Order Convergent Method (EOCM) developed by Vatti et.al is considered and this method is further studied without the presence of second derivative. It is shown that this method has same efficiency index as that of EOCM. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency and performance of the new method.

AMS Subject Classification: 41A25, 65K05, 65H05.
SÍTULAS Y BANQUETES DIVERGENTES EN EL MUNDO CASTREÑO DEL S. I A. C.
Authors: Burgos Fernando Alonso
Published: January 2018

El análisis arqueológico del potencial simbólico de los fenómenos de las sítulas castreñas permite abordar las dinámicas específicas en el tránsito del fin de la Edad del Hierro y el periodo posterior a la conquista efectiva romana (siglos I a. C. –I d. C.). Se trata de un registro material muy homogéneo, constatado principalmente a través de los restos de los moldes de fundición, entre la tradición atlántica y la innovación mediterránea tanto en lo tecnológico, como en lo decorativo y lo funcional. Se propone que la difusión del modelo material no tendría por qué haber ido acompañada de la expansión de un mismo sentido ni funcional ni simbólico. Muy al contrario, como demuestra la propia elaboración local en cada castro y la inexistencia de centros productores regionales, con lalimitación consecuente de los intercambios, se trataría de una reapropiación a distintas velocidades del modelo con consecuencias divergentes en las formas de convivialidad.
Was Trafficking in Persons Really Criminalised?
Authors: Kangaspunta Kristiina
Published: January 2018

This paper examines the successes and setbacks in the criminal justice response to trafficking in persons. While today, the majority of countries have passed specific legislation criminalising human trafficking in response to the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, there are still very few convictions of trafficking. Using currently available knowledge, this paper discusses four possible reasons for low conviction rates. Further, the paper suggests that due to the heavy dependency on victim testimonies when prosecuting trafficking in persons crimes, members of criminal organisations that are easily identifiable by victims may face criminal charges more frequently than other members of the criminal group, particularly those in positions of greater responsibility who profit the most from the criminal activities. In this context, the exceptionally high number of women among convicted offenders is explored.
KOSTNYY METABOLIZM I POTERYa KOSTNOY TKANI V OTDALENNYE SROKI POSLE ALLOTRANSPLANTATsII TRUPNOY POChKI (ATP) (ODNOMOMENTNOE ISSLEDOVANIE)
Authors: ERMAKOVA I P , PRONChENKO I A , BUZULINA V P , TOMILINA N A , VEDERNIKOVA R N , ERMOLENKO A E , IL'NITsKIY V V , ShUMAKOV V I
Published: January 2018

Bone turnover markers [osteocalcin (OC), carboxyterminal procollagen I propeptide (PICP), bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), β -crosslaps (CTX), bone acid phosphatase (bACP), parathyroid hormone (PTH)], day calcium excretion (uCaV) and lumbar and hip bone mineral content (BMC) were determined in 195 patients [78 women and 74 men with intact renal function as well as 11 women and 31 men with renal failure (RF)] 40±33 months following KT. KT recipients received triple immunosuppressive therapy (CysA, prednisolone and azathioprine). All groups showed bone remodeling dissociation namely bone resorption increase (high CTX, DPD, bACP) and bone formation retard (mild enhanced level OC, normal or low bALP) in association with high PTH, decreased uCaV and BMC levels. High bone turnover and low uCaV were much more high degree in RF. Vertebral and femur BMC decrease was mild (osteopenia) and only men with RF revealed peripheral osteoporosis. Hyperparathyroidism was associated with decreased transplant function and was main predictor of high bone turnover and bone loss after KT.
MINERAL'NAYa PLOTNOST' KOSTEY SKELETA, MASSA MYShEChNOY, SOEDINITEL'NOY I ZhIROVOY TKANEY PRI MNOZhESTVENNYKh PERELOMAKh KOCTEY NIZhNIKh KONEChNOSTEY
Authors: SVEShNIKOV A A , KARASEV A G , SMOTROVA L A
Published: January 2018

The mineral density of the fracture area, whole damaged limb and whole skeleton have been studied by mean Radiographic bi-energetical bone densitometer by «General Electric Medical Systems/Lunar» DPX line, model NT by the enCoreTM2002 program. At the same time we have evaluated a change of the weight of the muscular, connective and fat tissues both of the limb and the whole body. We were the fist who have been estimated the limb and the whole body area change. Bone mineral loss during fixation after double femoral fracture was 15%. One month after frame remove this figure was 7%, and after 1.5 years -4%. In the case of combined femoral and tibial fractures these indices were 22, 10 and 5%. These alterations of a mineral density should be take into account and corrected in order to activation of reparative process.
OPYT PRIMENENIYa PROFILAKTIChESKOY DOZY ALENDRONATA (FOSAMAKS 35 mg) DLYa LEChENIYa OSTEOPOROZA u zhenshchin v postmenopauzes subklinicheskim tireotoksikozom
Authors: BELAYa Zh E , ROZhINSKAYa L Ya , KOLESNIKOVA G S , IL'IN A V , SAZONOVA N I , ChERNOVA T O , ALEKSEEVA T M , DOROFEEVA O K , GOL'DMAN E I , PIMENOVA S I , MEL'NIChENKO G A
Published: January 2018

The aim was to estimate the effects of treatment with alendronate (Fosomax 35 mg) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and subclinical hyperthyroidism. Thirty postmenopausal women (64 (60-69) years old) with osteoporosis (T-score ≤ -2,5) and subclinical hyperthyroidism (77% with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism and 23% on L-thyroxine suppres-sive therapy after thyroidectomy due to differentiated thyroid cancer) were randomly assigned into two groups: 1-14 women received Fosamax 35 mg a week in combination with 500 mg of calcium and 400 UI of Vitamin D3 (VD) daily; 2-16 women received 1000 mg of calcium and 800 UI of VD daily. Euthyroidism was achieved in all women with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism. An increase in physical activity was recommended to all patients and a hypolipidemic diet was given to those who had had high cholesterol level. Biochemical parameters (calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), creatinine (Cre), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol/HDL ratio) in fasting serum as well as calcium/creatinine ratio in fasting urine (U-Ca/U-Cre); biochemical markers of bone metabolism: osteocalcin (OC) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (b-CTx) serum ("ECLIA", Roche Elecsys 1010/2010), BMD (DXA; Prodigy, Lunar) at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck (FN), total hip (TH) and radius total (RT) were measured at the baseline visit and after 1 year of treatment. At the baseline visit there were not found any differences between the 1 and the 2 groups. After 12 months of treatment the markers of bone metabolism as well as ALP decreased significantly in both groups, though the decreases were significantly greater (p
GIPERPARATIREOZ POSLEALLOTRANSPLANTATsII TRUPNOY POChKII ORTOTOPIChESKOY TRANSPLANTATsII SERDTsA
Authors: PRONChENKO I. A. , ERMAKOVA I. P. , TOMILINA N. A. , VEDERNIKOVA R. N. , KOLIAShVILI T. K. , BUZULINA V. P. , KAZAKOV E. N. , KORMER A. Ya. , ShUMAKOV V. I.
Published: January 2018

Analyses of frequency, rate, main rise mechanisms of hyperparatyroidism and its role in bone losses were estimated in crossmatch research of 158 kidney and 25 heart recipients. Hyperparathyroidism frequency was more following kidney then heart transplantation (74% vs 36%, p=0,000), PTH level being higher in kidney recipients and in women higher then in men with kidney transplant. Hyperparathyroidism in women was associated with hemodialysis duration before operation and the estrogen level which was more in pre- then in postmenopause while PTH level was lesser in pre- then postmenopause. In men PTH level as in heart as in kidney groups was associated with renal function and cumulative prednisolone doses. Hyperparathyroidism in men and women after kidney transplantation followed aхial BMD losses so as in men after kidney and heart transplantation -periferal skeleton (femoral neck) BMD losses.
ISSLEDOVANIE EFFEKTIVNOSTI MIKRODOZI-ROVANNOY ESTROGEN-GESTAGENNOY TERAPIIV PROFILAKTIKE POSTMENOPAUZAL'NOGO OSTEOPOROZA I KORREKTsII KLIMAKTERIChESKIKh NARUShENIY
Authors: Marchenkova L A , Dreval' A V , Kryukova I V , Vishnyakova M V , Tishenina R S , Balashova N V , Rubin M P
Published: January 2018

Although the minimal dose of 17β-estradiol in hormone replacement regimens was originally considered to be 2 mg/day, it is now increasingly accepted that a lower dose of 1 mg/day is effective in protecting women from the detrimental effects of the menopause and has a better safety profile. The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness and tolerability of minimal dose of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) - femoston 1/5 in postmenopausal women with spine osteopenia.
Study comprised 26 postmenopausal women aged 45-65 years with T-score L2-L4 2.5 SD. Treated group consisted of 16 women (average age 54.8+5.59 years and postmenopausal age 6.81+4.59 years) received femoston 1/5 (17β-estradiol 1 mg/ daily continuously combined with dydrogesterone 5 mg/daily) for 12 months. Control group included 10 subjects (average age 56.7+4.11 years and postmenopausal age 11.5+8.09 years). BMD and biochemical parameters were measured at baseline and in 6 and 12 months and climacteric symptoms were assessed at baseline and in 1, 3, 6 and 12 months.
The increase in BMD were seen in lumbar spine +5.2%, total proximal femur +2.1% and trochanter +3.1% (р
Osteoporoz u molodykh zhenshchin
Authors: Gavisova A. A. , Burduli A. G. , Ol'khovskaya M. A.
Published: January 2018

Pubertal and reproductive stages of woman's life are
characterized by sex steroids' predominant action. Osteoporosis
and osteopenia can develop in patients with estrogen
deficiency (amenorrhoea). DXA scans are used to evaluate
bone mineral density (BMD) using T-score. Retrospectively,
we examine 234 patients with amenorrhoea. The mean age
was 31,80,7 years, the mean duration of amenorrhoea was
6,41,2 years. The highest rate of osteoporosis was determined
in patients younger then 30 years with gonadal dysgenesia
in 31,7% and in patients with hypogonadotrophic
amenorrhoea in 17,9%. Unaltered mineral bone density and
osteopenia were more common in patients older then 30 years
with premature ovarian failure in 17,2 % (n=16) (p
Contemporary requirements for organization ofclinical trials in health care system
Authors: Vartapetova N. V. , Karpushkina A. V. , Vartepova N. V. , Karpushkina A. V.
Published: January 2018

Clinical and population research is an important part of health care improvement and development. Quality and coordination as well as integration in medical practice are among priorities in modern research agenda. The article discusses modern approaches to design, quality and ethical issues in health care research.
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF BONE RESORPTION, REGULATION OF OSTEOCLASTOGENESIS AND BONE LOSS FOLLOWING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Buzulina V P , Pronchenko I A , Ermakova I P , Shmerko N P , Andrianova A A , Kornilov M N , Yaroshenko E B , Koliashvili T K
Published: January 2018

Methods and results: bone densitometry of L2-L4 and neck of femur, the level in serum of blood some hormones (PTH, vitamin D3, estradiol, testosterone) and cytokines (OPG, IL-6, FNO-a) regulating osteoclastogenesis as well as comparative analyses of two bone resorption markers β-crosslaps and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b (TRAP-5b) were fulfilled at different periods following orthotopic liver transplantation. At the early date after operation there were the bone density decrease of L2-L4, the lowering of vitamin D3, estradiol in women, testosterone in men and the elevation of cytokines and of resorption markers. In 1 and 2 years following liver transplantation there were revealed the rise of bone density, the level of PTH, estradiol, testosterone, which were associated with the lowering of IL-6, FNO-a and β-crosslaps while the level of vitamin D3 and TRAP-5b remained stable. Conclusion: at the early date TRAP-5b was more specific marker of bone resorption which did not depend on collagen metabolism in liver. In 1 and 2 years following liver transplantation bone resorbtion was association with level of PTH, FNO-a and OPG.
BONE IMAGING THE CLOSEST THING TO ART IN MEDICINE
Authors: Griffith J F , Genant H K , Link T M
Published: January 2018

Advances in bone imaging have had a tremendous impact on our knowledge of skeletal anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology while at the same time generating images of both aesthetic and scientific interest. Bone imaging for assessing bone quality very much lends itself to multidisciplinary input and collaboration across scientific disciplines, helping to drive technological and analytical advances in the assessment of bone quality. This has allowed a much deeper awareness of the changes that occur in bone quality with increasing age and disease, as well as improved fracture risk prediction and better treatment monitoring. Currently, many high-resolution imaging modalities exist to evaluate bone quality, though all have their particular merits and limitations. The ideal imaging modality, which has yet to fully emerge, would allow an accurate prediction of bone strength, discriminate at-risk individuals, identify which aspects of bone strength are faltering, and precisely monitor the effect of treatment. When this day comes, the occurrence of unheralded debilitating osteoporotic fractures in themiddle-aged and elderly will be seen as an unusual, rather than a usual, event. In the meantime, we can look forward to evenmore aesthetically pleasing images of bone structure, images that help linkform to function in the human body and as such administer a helpful dose of science to the art of medicine.
PARAMETERS OF BONE METABOLISM IN PRE-AND POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE RATIONALE FOR THE CHOICE OF ANTIOSTEOPOROTIC THERAPY
Authors: Ruyatkina L A , Lomova A V , Ruyatkin D S , Romanov V V
Published: January 2018

Introduction. Bone health in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is discussed for a long time as a known fact for increased risk of fractures. Purpose. To estimate the parameters of bone remodeling in pre-andpostmenopausal women with T2DM. Materials and Methods. In a cross-sectional pilot study which included 80 women: 40 with T2DM and 40 without disturbances of glucose metabolism (K), divided into subgroups of premenopausal (pre) and natural menopause (post) — 20 patients each. Results and conclusions. We found a tendency toward a decrease in bone turnover in patients T2DM, a significant negative relationship with C-peptide and ALP in T2DM, a positive correlation with tartrate — resistant acid phosphatase in the control group, although the levels of C-peptide did not differ in patients with T2DM and in the control group . Identified characteristics of decreased bone remodeling in patients with T2DM pathogenically justify the use of anabolic antiosteoporotic drugs for treatment of osteoporosis in such patients.
DINAMIKA MINERAL'NOY PLOTNOSTI KOSTI, MARKEROV KOSTNOGO OBMENA I KAChESTVA ZhIZNI PATsIENTOV S ENDOGENNYM GIPERKORTITsIZMOM POSLE DOSTIZhENIYa REMISSII ENDOGENNOGO GIPERKORTITsIZMA
Authors: DRAGUNOVA N V , BELAYa Zh E , ROZhINSKAYa L Ya , SAZONOVA N I , ChERNOVA T O , IL'IN A V
Published: January 2018

This study estimates the recovery of bone mineral density (BMD), markers of bone remodeling and quality of life in patients with endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS) after 12 months of achieving remission. Materials and methods: 21 patients with CS were prospectively evaluated at active stage of the disease and after being in a full remission (substitutional therapy with hydrocortisone or normal 24 hours urinary free cortisol (24h UFC) and late-night cortisol) during 12 months.A thoracic and lumbar X-ray was performed to reveal vertebral fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by DXA ((Prodigy, Lunar, GE, USA). The level of 24h UFC was measured on a VitrosECi. Late-night serum cortisol and markers of bone remodeling were assayed by ECLIA Cobas e601 Roche. Patients fulfilled EQ-5D, ECOS-16 questionnaires and performed "up-and-go ”, "tandem ” and "chair-rising ” tests. Results: Among enrolled patients 17 (80%) were females and 4 (20%) - males; median of age (Q25-Q75) - 41 (33-49) years old; in 10 cases (48%) low traumatic fractures were diagnosed: 7 patients suffered from vertebral fractures; in 3 cases - ribs fractures. After the achieving remission no new fractures were registered and significant improvement in Z-score was reviled at all regions: L1-L4 -1,8 [-2,6; -0.5] at active stage vs -1,2 [-2,2; -0.5] after 12 months of remission (p=0.05); Neck Z-score -0,9 [-1,7; - 0,8] vs -0,7 [-1,6; -0,3], (p=0,003). The level of both bone metabolism markers increased: osteocalcin from 8,2 (6,912,0) to 22,7 (12,1-36,5) ng/ml (p=0,01) and CTx from 0,35 (0,22-0,63) to 0,7(0,28-1,05) ng/ml (p=0,01); whereas 24hUFC decreased from 1449 (926,4-2371) nmol/24h to 66,4(54,2-76,4) nmol/24h (p=0,01). The quality of life significantly improved at all dimensions if measured by ECOS-16. According to the EQ-5D patients suffered less from pain 1,35 (0,49) vs 1,12 (0,34), (p=0,04) and reported the improvement in their health (visual analogue scale) from 49 (18,9) to 68 (10,9), (p=0,004), but did not differ in others dimensions. Although 100% of patients admitted the improvement in their functional ability, the difference in functional tests did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Achieving the remission of CS improves BMD and quality of life in patients with CS. However, longer time is needed for full recovery, including the functional performance.
AL'FAKAL'TsIDOL ILI KOLEKAL'TsIFEROL V KOMBINATsII S IBANDRONOVOY KISLOTOY PRI LEChENII POSTMENOPAUZAL'NOGO SISTEMNOGO OSTEOPOROZA
Authors: RODIONOVA S S , ELOVOY-VRONSKIY A A , BERNAKEVICh A I
Published: January 2018

Alfacalcidol or colecalciferol in combination with ibandronic aciWhen a comparative study of the ibandronic acid (Bonviva) using with two forms of vitamin D (colecalciferol and alfacalcidol) was conducted, it has been showed that in some patients with initially a slight increase in the level of resorption markers colecalciferol, in contradistinction to alfacalcidol, not always it is possible to prevent the development of hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. As well, the appointment of colecalciferol may lead to hypocalcemia as a hidden manifestation of excessive oppression remodeling influenced ibandronate in patients with the presence of somatic pathology with an impact on vitamin D metabolism. In the current study, the clinical confirmation of excessive oppression remodeling and failure D hormone was the smaller increase of BMD at lumbar, no significant increase in femoral neck fractures and a higher incidence in the group receiving colecalciferol compared to the group receiving alfacalcidol. Increasing of 25(OH)D concentrations in the blood of patients while taking colecalciferol doesn’t guarantees rising of D-hormone.
CLINICAL AND INSTRUMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REPEATED OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN PATIENTS OF GOMEL REGION OF BELORUSSIA AND MODERN THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY
Authors: Romanov G N , Chernova N F , Moskvicheva T I , Rudenko E V
Published: January 2018

Introduction. Experienced osteoporotic fractures are a significant predictor of repeated, more severe fractures, entailing reduced quality of life and its expectancy. Objectives. To study the clinical and instrumental data of patients with single and repeated osteoporotic fractures of the forearm, proximal femur and spine, as well as the frequency of their occurrence in women of Gomel region of Belorussia. Materials and methods. The study included 2356 women aged over 50 years. Protocol included questionnaire with the assessment of detailed fracture data, medical history and Charlson comorbidity index calculation, quantitative assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (LUNAR Prodigy, GE, USA). Results. Osteoporotic fractures of the forearm, spine and proximal femur were found in 523 (22%) of women. More than one fracture was revealed in 106 patients of the total number of patients with fractures (20%). The average age of first fracture in patients with multiple fractures was 59.9 years, for second fracture - 63.3 years and for the third fracture - 66.6 years. Most repeated fractures (67%) occurred within the first three years from the time of initial fracture and were not associated with the densitometry data. Despite the presence of multiple osteoporotic fractures, adequate specific therapy of severe osteoporosis was recommended to only every third patient in need of treatment. Conclusions. Every fifth woman over the age of 50 years had experienced an osteoporotic fracture, with the highest risk of re-fracture occurring during the first three years. Mandatory antiosteoporotic therapy is the only effective method of secondary prevention of complications of osteoporosis.
PROGRAMMING OF SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN: THE ROLE OF VITAMIN D
Authors: Scheplyagina L A
Published: January 2018

Well known that the lack of vitamin D in mother leads to its deficiency in the fetus. Vitamin D deficiency in the fetus significantly increases the risk of disorders of calcium/phosphorus metabolism, decreases of size of ante - and postnatal skeleton of the child, and affects the child ’s growth, bone mineral density and increases the risk of fractures in working age.
MINERAL METABOLISM AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PATIENTS WITH CENTRAL HYPOGONADISM AS INDICATORS OF PREMATURE AGING
Authors: Ilovaiskaya I A , Lazebnik L B , Zektser V Yu , Dreval A V , Melnichenko G A
Published: January 2018

Aim of this study was to estimate the markers of mineral turnover and BMD in young women with the central hypogonadism, to compare them with healthy young women and healthy postmenopausal women of middle/advanced age. Materials and methods. One hundred seventy women were included in the study: 73 patients with the central hypogonadism (isolated hypogonadism n=35, hypopituitarism n=38), age of 25 [21.2; 30.5] y.o., amenorrhea duration 5 [2.3; 10.1] years; 47 healthy women with regular menstrual cycles, age 24 [23.1; 28.0] y.o., and 50 healthy women with natural menopause, age 56 [53; 58] y.o., menopause duration 6.0 [2.1; 10.0] years. Groups did not differ by age. Results. In patients with central female hypogonadism concentrations of calcium and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher than in healthy women of similar age, however did not differ from the parameters in postmenopausal women. T-scores <-2.5 SD in lumbar spine were noted in 55% and 28% patients with central hypogonadism and in menopause respectively (р<0.001), and in a hip - 27% and 7%, respectively (r=0.002). The factors promoting lower values of BMD in young women with central hypogonadism were the amenorrhea duration, low level of total testosterone, primary amenorrhea. Distinctions of mineral turnover and BMD in isolated hypogonadism and a hypopituitarism were not revealed. Conclusions. Central hypogonadism in women at young age is a higher prognostic factor of low BMD than natural menopause, and might be considered as a marker of premature aging.
MODERN TREATMENT APPROACHES IN PATIENTS AFTER HIP ARTHROPLASTY BASED ON ASSESSMENT OF MINERAL METABOLISM IN DIFFERENT SKELETAL SEGMENTS
Authors: Gafarov I R , Yakupov R R , Minasov T B , Hairov T E , Trubin A R , Saubanov R A
Published: January 2018

The results of a comparative study (study group included 35 patients after hip arthroplasty, control group - 36 patients) of mineral monitoring in different skeletal segments showed that a deficit in bone mineral density is formed in operated limb and is reflected at the system level leading to various forms of suppression of bone homeostasis, which subsequently impairs the quality of life. The efficiency of the use of calcium salts in combination with alfacalcidol, and in conjunction with an active functional rehabilitation after hip arthroplasty based on clinical and radiological monitoring. Such a scheme has a positive effect on treatment outcomes when using this medical technology.
TREATMENT OF PATIENTS wITH OSTEOPOROSIS IN MODERN CLINICAL PRACTICE: ADHERENCE TO THERAPY
Authors: Nikitinskaya O A , Toroptsova N V , Feklistov A Y , Demin N V , Abramkin A
Published: January 2018

Aim. To assess the patients compliance to treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Materials and methods. Poll study of random sample of 1565 patients (86% women and 14% men) with OP aged 50 years and older (mean age 64 ± 7 years) from 10 cities of five federal districts of the Russian Federation with the duration of the disease a year or more. Results. Over the previous year before the survey, preparations for the treatment of OP took 96% of patients but were adherent to it only 40% of patients. Age, education, and the presence of any previous fractures had no effect on adherence, while the duration of the disease and the total duration of therapy contributed to its reduction (p <0.05). All patients who received zoledronic acid and denosumab had a 100% compliance. Among taking oral bisphosphonates (BP) and strontium ranelate (SR) adherence was higher compared to those who used only calcium supplements and vitamin D (p <0.005), there were no differences in treatment adherence to BF and SR, and compliance of women was not dependent on the dosing regimen of oral BF (p> 0.05). Less committed to oral drugs were women who took more other medications. The high cost, lack of necessary medicines in the pharmacy, the duration of therapy were the most common causes of omission or substitution treatment of OP. Conclusion. In our country, patients with OP have poor adherence to medical treatment. Reduced compliance to OP therapy is due to prolonged duration of the disease, total duration of the treatment, cost of drugs or their absence in the pharmacy, and in women was dependent on the number of drugs taken.
A CASE OF SEVERE FAMILIAL VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY
Authors: Pigarova E A , Abdulvapova Z N , Petrushkina A A , Rozhinskaya L Ya
Published: January 2018

Clinical symptoms of vitamin D deficiency may be quite misleading and masked as rare hereditary syndromes. We describe a family, sister and brother presented with the pain in lower extremities at the age of 14 and 16years accordingly, with severe vitamin D deficiency that was misdiagnosed in the course of the disease with pseudohypoparathyroidism and 1-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. They benefited from treatment with alfacalcidol and ossein-hydroxyapatite complex supplement which were further discontinued due to socioeconomic factors. At presentation after 2 years without treatment extremely low 25(OH)D levels were revealed. The patients' family history was remarkable for the same clinical features in mother and her Indian ancestry. Thus we describe an uncommon manifestation of severe vitamin D deficiency in a familial setting which emphasizes the necessity of vitamin D testing in calcium or parathyroid disorders.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR IN ELDERLY RESIDENTS OF YAKUTSK
Authors: Epanov V V , Lebedev A K , Epanova A A , Semenov I P , Palshin G A , Komissarov A N , Gladkova E N , Lesnyak O M
Published: January 2018

Bone fractures of the skeleton with a minor injury is a clinical manifestation of osteoporosis and its population-based marker. The incidence of hip fracture varies in different geographic areas and ethnic groups. The aim was to study incidence of hip fractures in patients older than 40 years in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia, Russian federation) in 2011-2013 and to compare the data with the previous study at the same region performed in 1997-2003. Material and methods. The study is a part of a multi-center international project «Epidemiological study of osteoporotic fractures in Eurasia (EVA).» It was a retrospective study followed by a prospective one. In the retrospective part the information on hip fracture cases registered in the official documents of the orthopedic service in 2011-2012 was collected. The prospective part was conducted in 2013, it was aimed at the identification of the patients with a hip fracture, applied not only in orthopedic department but also to other medical professionals, such as general practitioners. Results. Overall, in three years 426 hip fractures were reported in the city of Yakutsk. The total number of fractures in women was 286 (67.1%), in men - 140 (32.9%). We observed the increase in hip fracture incidence in 2013 (192 cases per 100,000 population in men and 283 per 100,000 in women 50 years old and older) which was 12% higher than in 2011 and 2012. We owe it to improved registration of hip fractures in the group of women 85 years old and older. The hip fracture incidence in this study significantly exceed the data of previous study 15 years ago. Conclusion. In recent years, there is an increase in incidence rates of hip fracture in Yakutsk due to improved hospitalization rates in orthopedic service.
Menschen und Haustiere im Deutschen Kaiserreich
Authors: Zelinger Amir
Published: January 2018

Hund, Katze, Kanarienvogel - Wie wurden die Deutschen zu leidenschaftlichen Haustierhaltern? Amir Zelinger schildert das Deutsche Kaiserreich (1871-1914) als eine Epoche, in der Tiere massenhaft in die Häuser der Menschen integriert wurden. Er erzählt die Geschichte der wilhelminischen Gesellschaft, die ihre Türen für ein extrem buntes Konglomerat von Tierarten öffnete und als Freunde zu gewinnen suchte. Anhand exemplarischer Halter-Tier-Beziehungen zeigt die Studie, dass der Wunsch der Zeitgenossen, sich mit Tieren anzufreunden, in Verbindung mit den Folgen der Industrialisierung, der Wissenschaftspopularisierung und der Eugenik stand.
Heteronome Subjektivität
Authors: Eldracher Martin
Published: January 2018

Die Kritik am autonomen, über sich verfügenden und sich selbst transparenten Subjekt, wie sie Martin Heidegger am entschiedensten ausgearbeitet hat, führte in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts in der Philosophie zu einer Verabschiedung der Kategorie »Subjektivität«. Die Ironie dieser Situation liegt darin, dass gerade auf dem Boden einer solch umfassenden Kritik die Existenzweise von Subjekten und damit die Möglichkeit der Freiheit neu ausgelegt werden können. Martin Eldrachers Studie zeigt, wie sich erst im Anschluss an die Freilegung einer anarchischen Abhängigkeit Handlungsfähigkeit, Verantwortung und Selbstverständnis als zentrale Komponenten von Subjektivität überzeugend denken lassen.
Radiopoetik des sozialistischen Realismus
Authors: Monteiro Oxana
Published: January 2018

Ist das Radio das neue Medium der Literatur? Das fragen Ende der 1920er Jahre sowjetische Schriftsteller, die an ihrem wichtigsten literarischen Projekt, dem sozialistischen Realismus, arbeiten. Die Herausforderung einer universellen Literatursprache führt zu einer völlig neuen Poetik: zur Radiopoetik. Diese hat jedoch, so zeigt Oxana Monteiro, fatale Folgen für den Schriftsteller und sein Schaffen. Denn je mehr er versucht, das individualistische Schreiben zu Gunsten eines kollektiven elektroakustischen Sprechens zu überwinden, desto stärker wird er zum Beschwörer einer politischen, quasi sakralen Macht, die - vom Radio unterstützt - unsichtbar und allgegenwärtig agiert.
Translation as artistic communication in the aesthetics of migration: From nonfiction to the visual arts
Authors: Rizzo Alessandra
Published: January 2018

In an increasingly globalized and digitalized world, where the advancement of technologies and media constructions oversimplify and manipulate public beliefs and shared knowledge, the artistic sector seems to provide new networks of solidarity, collaboration and interaction that challenge a world dominated by conflicts and cultural shocks. Against this backdrop, acts of translation within the arts bear witness to humanity and become the ultimate ground for subjective expression and fundamental reflections upon individualist attitudes against migration issues. By putting emphasis on the role of translation in its political transfer of migration into the arts, this investigation draws attention to a recent corpus of works of art that testifies to the modalities by means of which the creative cultural industries are contributing to giving voice to migration not just as transruption and memory, but as an inclusive form of movement and communication. In Notes on the Exodus by Richard Flanagan, with illustrations by Ben Quilty (2016), and in the arts installations Call Me By My Name and All I Left Behind. All I Will Discover (London, 2017), translation intervenes as an instrument of cross-cultural collaboration and solidarity, resistance and dissent, and also demonstrates to what extent stories of migration can interact within art forms and be performed as acts of translation involving processes of (re)narration and (re)framing of identities.
Equivariant Gauss sum of finite quadratic forms
Authors: Ma Shouhei
Published: January 2018

The classical quadratic Gauss sum can be thought of as an exponential sum attached to a quadratic form on a cyclic group.
We introduce an equivariant version of Gauss sum for arbitrary finite quadratic forms, which is an exponential sum twisted by the action of the orthogonal group.
We prove that simple arithmetic formulas hold for some basic classes of quadratic forms.
In applications, such invariant appears in the dimension formula for certain vector-valued modular forms.
Endophytic colonisation of tomato by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana: the use of different inoculation techniques and their effects on the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Allegrucci Natalia , Velazquez Maria Silvana , Russo María Leticia , Perez Emilia , Scorsetti Ana Clara
Published: January 2018

Fungal entomopathogens can naturally regulate populations of various insects. The entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. is also able to endophytically colonize different plants. Endophytic colonization by entomopathogens may provide a source of indirect interactions between fungi and insects and has been associated with the ability of the fungus to control insect pests. The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is considered one of the most devastating pests of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and its difficult control is due to its miner habit, short life cycle, and high reproductive capacity. The aims of this study were: (i) to use three different techniques, i.e. leaf spraying, seed immersion and root dipping, for the endophytic inoculation of B. bassiana in tomato plants; and (ii) to assess the effect of B. bassiana on tomato leaf consumption and mortality of T. absoluta after inoculation. The percentage of colonization by B. bassiana was assessed 7, 14 and 28 days after inoculation. All inoculation techniques employed allowed the recovery of B. bassiana, although our results showed significant differences between techniques. Leaf spraying was the most effective, with the highest percentage of colonization recorded 7 days after inoculation. We also evaluated (i) the effect on the mortality of T. absoluta by direct contact with conidia of B. bassiana, and (ii) the effect on tomato leaf consumption and mortality by indirect contact through ingestion of inoculated plant tissues with B. bassiana. Mortality bioassays showed that B. bassiana infected T. absoluta, either by direct contact or indirectly, via ingestion of inoculated tomato leaves. Direct contact showed a higher percentage of mortality and a lower median survival time (MST) than indirect contact. Significant differences in the mortality percentages of T. absoluta after exposure with B. bassiana were found among the treatments and the control. Our results suggest that the endophytic inoculation of B. bassiana in tomato crops provides the basis for further investigation, which should focus on the virulence of the endophytic B. bassiana against T. absoluta.