bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skenario Konservasi Tanah pada Perkebunan Sawit sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Limpasan Permukaan pada DAS Arui, Kabupaten Manokwari, Papua Barat
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud
Published: January 2023

Indonesia, a country with high forest and land potential for economic growth, still relies on utilizing these two potentials. This study aims to create a conservation scenario in palm oil plantations that are expected to be able to mitigate surface runoff. The data collected include hydrology, land, area of oil palm plantations, and topography, which were analyzed based on threats and potential conservation that can be applied. Conservation scenarios that need to be carried out are: deadlock alley ditch (dad), mixed tree and palm oil plantations, planting oil palm without land cultivation, and immersing mulch. The simulation results of the dad design, if it rains heavily, all of the rainwater in the palm oil fields can be accommodated without a runoff. Mixed tree and oil palm plants are expected to maintain the availability of nutrients, increase the income of oil palm smallholders, and have a good impact on soil fertility. Planting oil palm without land cultivation is expected to reduce surface runoff, increase water infiltration into the soil, and expand water catchment areas. The immersion of palm mulch is expected to help retain soil moisture, add nutrients, enhance the soil's ability to absorb water, and prevent erosion. Conservation scenarios in the long term, such as dad, mixed tree and oil palm plantations, oil plantations without land cultivation, and mulch immersion, are expected to be able to mitigate flooding.

 

Keywords: Arui watershed, conservation scenario, mitigation, oil palm, surface runoff
Keanekaragaman Undur-Undur Laut (Anomura: Hippidae) Dari Kepulauan Banda
Authors: Safrudin Nurulvadini , Suman Ali , Hanim Nisfa , Farajallah Achmad
Published: January 2023

Mole crabs are part of the superfamily Hippoidea and members of the family Hippidae Latreille,1825, which inhabit sandy beaches, particularly the swash zone. This condition is commonly found in the Banda Islands. The purpose of this research was to determine the species diversity of the genus Hippa Fabricius, 1787 in the Banda Islands. We identified the species by its morphological characters. Sample collection was done by purposive sampling method. Based on the study's findings, four of the five previously reported species in Indonesia were identified. Hippa ovalis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1862), H. adaactyla Fabricius, 1787, H. marmorata (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846), and H. celaeno (De Man, 1896) were the species obtained. Hippa cf. ovalis and Hippa cf. marmorata are both presumed to be new species. This study includes descriptions of the two species.

 

Keywords: distribution, Hippidae, Hippa, intertidal, sandy substrate
How fear affects employees’ performance: A process model
Authors: Aleassa Hasan
Published: January 2023

The effect of emotions on employees’ attitudes, motivation, and workplace behaviors is an important and central topic in organizational behavior research. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to develop and empirically test a model that explains how fear affects employees’ performance. The model was tested on a sample of 177 nurses working in different Jordanian hospitals. A questionnaire was developed to measure the main constructs of this study. The data was analyzed in SPSS using simple regression to test the main direct hypotheses. The model hypothesizes that fear has a positive effect on two psychological states: emotional exhaustion and perceived stress. Moreover, it hypothesizes that these two states will affect employees’ career choice regret, which, in turn, negatively affects employees’ performance. The results provided statistical support for all the proposed hypotheses. We concluded that excessive fear provokes emotional exhaustion and stress in frontline employees and that these two psychological states contribute to the development of career choice regret, which eventually affects employees’ performance. The findings of this study may enable managers to gain deeper insight into and a better understanding of the process by which fear influences employee performance. Finally, limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
BR 230
Authors: Freitas André Luis Pereira de
Published: January 2023

ResumoEste texto versa sobre uma série de fotografias tiradas em duas viagens que fiz na BR 230, a Transamazônica. São impressões e relatos da experiência como professor colaborador do curso intercultural Indígena da Universidade do Estado do Pará e outra viagem como professor da Secretaria de Estado de Educação – Seduc, onde fui coordenador de mídia no Projeto denominado Sistema Educacional Interativo – SEI. É um texto, portanto, que versa sobre arte, educação, tecnologia e sobre questões prementes que impactam sobre a região amazônica, sua diversidade, patrimônio e a história de suas populações, em especial aqui, uma comunidade da etnia Munduruku e os colonos que povoa a Transamazônica. Pessoas que foram atraídos do nordeste e sul do Brasil com a propaganda de “integrar para não entregar”. Mas integrar o que pra quem? Para não entregar o que pra quem?AbstractThis text is about a series of photographs taken on two trips I took on the BR 230, the Transamazônica. These are impressions and reports of the experience as a collaborating professor of the Indigenous intercultural course at the State University of Pará and another trip as a professor at the State Secretariat of Education - Seduc, where I was the media coordinator in the Project called Sistema Educacional Interativo - SEI. It is therefore a text that deals with art, education, technology and pressing issues that impact on the Amazon region, its diversity, heritage and the history of its populations, especially here, a community of the Munduruku ethnic group and the settlers that inhabit the Transamazônica region. People who were attracted from the northeast and south of Brazil with the “integrate not to deliver” advertisement. But integrating what for whom? Not to deliver what to whom?
PARTITURAS >>> MÚSICAS NO GENÊRO DE CARIMBÓ DO COMPOSITOR BRUNO SANTOS BATISTA (MESTRE NECO)
Authors: Costa Lucian José de Souza , Santos Roger Pinto dos
Published: January 2023

I - AGITA JUVENTUDEII - ARAÚNA PREGUIÇOSAIII - BALSA E RABETAIV - CANTO DO GUARÁV - CANTO DA SEREIA
Assay of Tretinoin using Safranine-O as a Chromogenic Reagent in Bulk and Dosage Forms
Authors: MANIKYA SASTRY Thuttagunta , KİLANA Venkata Nagalakshmi , KARİPEDDİ Rama Krishna
Published: January 2023

A new, economical and accurate analytical technique was developed for the assay of tretinoin (TTN) in bulk and formulations. While developing the method, it was found that the reaction was carried out due to the formation of ion-pair association complex involving the carboxyl group in the side chain of the TTN with safranine-O. The colored species formined was stable up to 60 minutes. The optical density of color species was measured at 520 nm. All the variables were optimized. The linearity range lies for the developed method within the concentration ranges of 2-10 μg mL-1.The linear correlation coefficient (r) and molar absorptivity (ϵmax)values were found as 0.9999 and 1.66 x 104 L mol–1cm–1. Percentage recoveries were found from 99.2 ± 1.8 to 100.2 ± 0.7.The method was validated as per ICH guidelines.
Revisiting classification of chronic tonsillitis and criteria for its justification
Authors:   Tyumen State Medical University, Tyumen, 625025, Russia, Izvin A. I.
Published: January 2023

The article provides a brief historical overview of the previously used classifications of chronic tonsillitis. The author proposes his new classification of chronic tonsillitis in the form of its three forms (simple, recurrent, and complicated), which are substantiated by clinical criteria and offers therapeutic approaches to each of the forms of this disease.
Prevalence and Prognostic Relevance of Modifying Anatomical Features Influencing the Measurement of Fractional Flow Reserve in Complex Situations in Daily Practice
Authors: Barth Sebastian
Published: January 2023

Fractional low reserve (FFR)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to reduce the need for PCI and to improve clinical outcome. Several anatomical features and hemodynamic parameters are well known to influence FFR determination. We evaluated the prevalence and prognostic impact of modifying anatomical features influencing the FFR- measurement on survival, myocardial infarction and the need of recurrent coronary revascularization.
Часописи и критеријуми академског напредовања у друштвено-хуманистичким наукама: упоредни поглед на тренутну ситуацију у Србији и Мађарској
Authors: Чудић Марко
Published: January 2023

Рад настоји да пружи што прегледнији упоредни осврт на хијерархију научних часописа у области друштвено- хуманистичких научних дисциплина, с посебним освртом на филологију (и у оквиру ње на науку о књижевности) у двема суседним земљама, Србији и Мађарској. Указује се на сличности и разлике у спровођењу тзв. „болоњског реформског процеса“ на факултетима на којима се изучавају (страни) језици и књижевности, при чему се наглашава суштинска неодрживост природнонаучне логике „импакт-фактора“ кад је реч о утицајности одређеног часописа. Ово се посебно односи на националне и тзв. „мале“ филологије. Кроз поређење класификације Матичних научних одбора у Србији (а по којој се публикације рангирају на хијерархијској лествици од М10 до М60) са међународном хијерархијском номенклатуром, заснованом на импакт-факторима, а која се одређује у распону од Q1 до Q4, аутор настоји да укаже на суштинску штету коју „јурњава“ за бодовима овог типа наноси научном развоју млађих истраживача у „мањим“ филологијама, али и развоју поменутих научних дисциплина уопште. Као једно од могућих краткорочних решења овог одиста великог проблема, аутор предлаже да комисије за изборе у академска звања више времена посвете суштинском ишчитавању сваког рада појединих кандидата, уместо да робују ранг-листама и „фетишу интернационализације“.
Периодика из области библиотекарства у Србији од 2017. до 2021. године
Authors: Тодоровић Ивана
Published: January 2023

У раду су представљена домаћа периодична гласила из области библиотекарства објављивана у периоду од 2017. до 2021. године. Сагледани су часописи који се библиотекарством баве у целини или у великој мери, као и они који имају утврђене рубрике посвећене библиотекарству, а фокусирани су на друге области. Анализи је претходило истраживање извора претрагом базе COBIB.SR, а укључени су наслови који су за период 2017–2021. имали бар један објављен број. Прегледани су сви бројеви појединих наслова периодичних публикација доступни у фонду Народне библиотеке Србије, као и они доступни у онлајн формату. У раду је сагледано актуелно стање у области издавања библиотекарске периодике посматране са становишта њеног значаја за развој научне дисциплине и праксе. Истовремено, анализирана су и гласила која библиотекарство третирају уз друге области – књижевност, уметност, историју и завичајне теме. Текст представља покушај да се сагледају основни правци деловања када је у питању издавање текућих публикација које се баве теоријом и праксом библиотекарства.
MARKETING STRATEGY OF GHARAR BUSINESS SCHEMES: Mystery Box on E-Commerce Shopee Platform
Authors: Febriandika Nur Rizqi , Tsany Nabila Putri , Sriplod Tipmanee
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Mystery box sale and purchase have developed into a fraudulent area, the prices and goods obtained are not appropriate, so consumers feel at a loss. This study aims to determine the marketing strategy and sales mechanism of the mystery box. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with the type of research used in this study being observation by examining mystery box products in Shopee. Based on the results of the analysis carried out on the Shopee application, two types of keywords were found. The first keyword is the Mystery Box and the second keyword is the "Misteri Box" both have different product categories. There are ±27,000 products entitled mystery box and ±14,678 products with the name mystery box. So, it can be concluded that most of the sellers use titles with the keyword "mystery box". Mystery box on the Shopee site can be categorized as a marketing strategy that uses marketing segmentation without differentiating the market (Undifferentiated Marketing) and targeting in the form of full market coverage/mass market targeting.
 
ABSTRAK
Jual beli mystery box berkembang menjadi sebuah lahan penipuan, harga dan barang yang didapat tidak sesuai sehingga konsumen merasa rugi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi marketing dan mekanisme penjualan dari mystery box. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif melalui pendekatan observasi pada produk mystery box yang ada di Shopee. Bedasarkan dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan pada aplikasi Shopee ditemukan dua jenis kata kunci, pertama adalah “Mystery box” dan kata kunci kedua adalah “Misteri Box”. Keduanya memiliki kategori produk berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 27.000 produk yang muncul jika menggunakan kata kunci “mystery box” dan terdapat terdapat 7.000 produk jika menggunakan kata kunci “misteri Box”. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan jika kebanyakan dari penjual lebih banyak menggunakan judul dengan kata kunci “mystery box”. Strategi pemasaran produk mystery box di Shopee dapat dikategorikan sebagai strategi marketing yang menggunakan segmentasi pemasaran tanpa membedakan pasar (Undifferentiated Marketing) dan targeting berupa cakupan pasar penuh (full market coverage/mass market targeting).
Strategi Guru Kelas dalam Membimbing Karakter Jujur Siswa di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Palembang
Authors: Noptario Noptario , Faisal Faisal , Tastin Tastin
Published: January 2023

Pendidikan di era saat ini sudah menjadi kebutuhan pokok yang harus didapatkan oleh setiap anak. Melalui pendidikan diharakan dapat membentuk karakter anak yang baik, setidaknya anak yang menempuh pendidikan akan dikelilingi oleh lingkungan akademik yang menggiring anak untuk terus belajar. Jujur merupakan karakter yang sangat penting untuk dimiliki oleh manusia, karena jujur adalah karakter utama yang mampu menopang karakter-karakter baik lainya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan, pengumpulan data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan triangulasi, dengan menggunakan reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Narasumber wawancara penlitian ini adalah ibu EP selaku guru kelas 4B dan 3 orang siswanya. penelitian ini berfokus pada strategi guru kelas dalam membimbing karakter jujur siswa. Ada 3 strategi yang bisa dilakukan oleh guru dalam membimbing karakter jujur siswa, antara lain dengan membuat kantin kejujuran, mengajarkan keteladanan nabi melalui sirah nabawiyah dan bekerja sama dengan orang tua siswa dalam upaya membimbing karakter jujur siswanya
Analisis Metode Pembelajaran Al-Qur'an Hadits di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Amirullah Mamkua , Handayani Tutut , Hamzah Amir
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis metode pembelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadits di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan sebuah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sumber data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini didapat melalui wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan disalah satu Madrasah Ibtidaiyah di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Januari 2022. Hasil penenlitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode yang diterapkan dalam pembelajaran Al-Qur’an Hadits yaitu menggunkan beberapa metode, yaitu metode tanya ceramah, metode tanya jawab, metode talking stik dan metode snowball throwing. Dengan diterapkannya metode tersebut membuat peserta didik antusias dan mudah dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan oleh guru. Dengan mengkombinasikan metode-metode itu siswa menjadi semangat dan tidak bosan dalam proses pembelajaran.
A gloriosa memória
Authors: Reis Fidel Raul Carmo
Published: January 2023

A catana tem a particularidade de ser parte dos símbolos nacionais da bandeira nacional de Angola e da insígnia da República. Desde o dia 11 de novembro de 1975, nas comemorações, quer da independência nacional quer do dia 4 de fevereiro 1961, a catana parece ter um lugar de relevo como objeto simbólico de recordação e comemoração destes acontecimentos. É provável que esta ferramenta seja um elemento central na representação de uma gloriosa memória da luta armada de libertação, mas também um elemento veiculador de um sentimento de pertença a um país. Daí a seguinte interrogação: será que, presentemente, a catana pode ser apreendida como um lugar de memória da luta armada de libertação nacional e, simultaneamente, funcionar como elemento ideológico-identitário de generalização da ideia de nação?
Currículo-slasher e dispositivo da catastrofização: nas entranhas de uma subjetividade zumbi
Authors: Gurgel Evanilson , Maknamara Marlécio
Published: January 2023

O artigo, filiado ao campo das pesquisas pós-críticas em Educação e inspirado em obras do horror gore e slasher, objetiva utilizar a imagem do zumbi para significá-lo como um modo de subjetivação em marcha. O argumento é o de que a subjetividade zumbi é um composto de posições de sujeito que carrega traços de um planeta em colapso e que urde um caráter de modelização e serialização dos sujeitos. Embora essa subjetividade possa ser demandada em diferentes instâncias e espaços, operamos com o currículo das narrativas midiáticas seriadas como um dos principais articuladores que atualizam as linhas de um “dispositivo da catastrofização”. Tal dispositivo tem servido para responder à necessidade de se definir o que conta, em um mundo em ruínas, como vivível ou matável. Concluímos o artigo afirmando que embora o currículo das narrativas seriadas acione uma necropolítica que objetive eliminar o que desordena as normas, ele terá de enfrentar uma resistência tão inventiva, astuciosa e agitadora quanto o poder que exerce.
Molecular Identification of Elvers (Anguilla spp.) from River Estuaries in Central Java, Indonesia Using DNA Barcoding Based on mtDNA CO1 Sequences
Authors: Falah Iffan Nadhif , Adharini Ratih Ida , Ratnawati Susana Endah
Published: January 2023

Highlight Research

The elvers of Anguilla were identified through the morphological and molecular markers
The result of morphological and molecular identification is different
The molecular identification helps to confirm the morphological identification
Based on this study molecular identification of the elvers of Anguilla found in river estuaries of Central Java is Anguilla bicolor bicolor

 
Abstract
An inventory of the presence and diversity of Anguilla spp. needs to be carried out as a basis for sustainable resource management. Conventional techniques based on morphological characteristics—are often less effective considering the morphological characteristics of Anguilla spp. are very identical and not so many can be observed, especially at the young eel stage. DNA-based molecular identification can be a way to determine diversity and phylogeny for conservation and inventory purposes. This research aimed to determine the diversity and phylogeny of Anguilla spp. obtained at the estuaries of Serayu River in Cilacap, Luk Ulo River in Kebumen, and Jali River in Purworejo in Central Java, Indonesia. A total of 10 samples were taken from each research location were analyzed morphologically, then it is known that there are 4 morphologically different samples at each research location so that a total of 12 samples were taken for molecular analysis. MEGA was used to construct the phylogenetic trees via Neighbour Joining (NJ) algorithms using the Kimura 2-parameter model with uniform rates and obtained by 1000 bootstraps replication. There are four species of Anguilla spp. identified morphologically, namely Anguilla bicolor bicolor, Anguilla bicolor pacifica, Anguilla obscura, and Anguilla australis. The species of Anguilla spp. that is molecularly identified is Anguilla bicolor bicolor with an identity percentage of > 98%. All samples are also known to be related to Anguilla bicolor bicolor identified in other countries.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of GERD among Stable COPD Patients
Authors: Hafiz Muhammad , Yunus Faisal , Suryamin Maulana , Alatas Mohammad Fahmi , Wibowo Adityo
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common causes of a chronic cough and is a potential risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GERD in COPD patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 40 stable COPD patients recruited from outpatient asthma and COPD clinics at Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, from May to November 2018. COPD was defined as having a ratio of post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.7 and no abnormality on a chest X-ray except emphysematous.  Diagnosis of GERD was based on oesophageal mucosal lining break surrounding the distal esophageal sphincter through esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Asthma patients with known esophageal diseases such as cancer, achalasia, and active peptic ulcer and patients who had used proton pump inhibitors in the last 15 days were excluded.
Results: Patients were divided into GERD (+) (16/40, 40%) and GERD (-) (24/40, 60%). Subjects were predominantly elderly (25/40, 62.5%) and had a smoking history (36/40, 90%). Exacerbation and COPD assessment test (CAT) score was significantly associated with GERD (p < 0.05). No significant difference regarding age, sex, Brinkman Index, lung function, and body mass index (BMI) was found between groups. However, the GERD (+) group showed a slightly higher BMI and more severe airflow obstruction.
Conclusion: The prevalence of GERD in COPD patients found in this study was as high as 40%. A cohort study and preventive strategy of GERD in COPD should be studied further.
Dual Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung and Adenocarcinoma Rectal
Authors: Haikal Sayyid Muhammad Sahil , Irawiraman Hadi , Putra Aryo Dirgantara
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Lung and colorectal carcinoma are commonly found in cancer and often cause mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of death. Although multiple primary cancers can exist, these two malignancies rarely happen simultaneously. This case report shows a patient diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and rectal adenocarcinoma with metastases to the liver, ocular, and cerebrum.
Case: A 54-year-old woman came with chest pain accompanied by persistent and progressive breathing difficulty, cough, loss of appetite, and weight loss of almost 15 kg. The patient experienced sudden lower and upper extremities weakness two weeks after being hospitalized. The patient also experienced blurred vision and swelling of the eyes. At that time, the patient had an endoscopy procedure, and the biopsy showed colitis with severe dysplasia. Based on clinical and radiologic findings, the patient had lung and colon cancer.
Conclusion: Dual primary carcinoma rarely happens, and metastases from different neoplasms are difficult. Warren and Gates’ criteria could be used to diagnose dual primary carcinoma, especially if diagnostic studies could not be performed. Signal that the hedgehog gene is still active when the neonate is born is suspected of causing these carcinomas.
Giant Pleural Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Sudarto Sudarto , Belinda Selli , Fathurrachman Alif , Andriani Linda , Pasaribu Rouly , Rasyid Ahmad , Ahmad Zen , Setiawan Tommy
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larva stage of a Taeniidae parasite of Echinococcus. Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) causes cystic echinococcus (CE) and is the most common species causing disease in humans. A pleural hydatid cyst should be considered initially with a corresponding chest radiograph. It can develop into fatal complications, including secondary infection, severe bleeding, bronchial rupture and pleural or pericardial cavities. This case report shows a rare case of a pleural hydatid cyst.
Case: We reported a 59-year-old woman with shortness of breath and a productive cough for three months. The chest radiography and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a cystic lesion measuring 14.2 x 18.5 cm with edge calcification thick around 3 mm. The pleural histopathology revealed that the cyst wall was made of fibrocollagen with a red oval echinococcus. The patient received oral albendazole/ABZ (400mg BID) for three months, paracetamol (500mg TID), and n-acetylcysteine (200mg TID). After three months, the patient had no complaints, only shortness of breath with heavy activity.
Conclusion: It is important to be aware of this condition to avoid inappropriate and potentially dangerous underdiagnoses and treatment, which could endanger the patient.
Final Condition of HIV Patients Infected with COVID-19 after Receiving Hospital Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hidayat Elin , Bakar Abu , Nursalam Nursalam , Indarwati Retno , Maria Herminia
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can attack anyone, including those who have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to low immune systems. This study aimed to evaluate the final condition of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (PLWHA) who received treatment at the hospital.
Methods: A literature investigation of the last three years (2020-2022) were inquired. Electronic databases (Science Direct, Scopus, ProQuest) with case series or case report designs were examined. The titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened to obtain relevant studies. Data tabulation and narrative analysis were conducted, resulting in 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Most of them were case series and case report methods. Each study had different numbers of patients and criteria discussing COVID-19 infection in HIV patients.
Results: A total of 14 reviewed studies revealed that HIV patients with COVID-19 could recover from the infection if proper treatments were performed. Some articles also stated that self-isolation at home can manage HIV-infected patients who are not yet severe. In the case of patients with severe infections, intensive care is performed using supplemental oxygen or a ventilator to prevent respiratory failure or acute respiratory distress.
Conclusion: COVID-19 can worsen the condition of patients with HIV if not appropriately treated. Otherwise, if the proper treatment is properly performed, it can cure the infection.
Methods for assessing the effect of microRNA on stemness genes
Authors: Pershina A. G. , Nevskaya K. V. , Morozov K. R. , Litviakov N. V.
Published: January 2023

According to the latest concepts, for micrometastasis to develop into macrometastasis, differentiated cancer cells must revert to a dedifferentiated state. Activation of stemness genes plays a key role in this transition. Suppression of stemness gene expression using microRNAs can become the basis for the development of effective anti-metastatic drugs. This article provides an overview of the existing methods for assessing the effect of microRNAs on stemness genes and cancer cell dedifferentiation.
Pathogenetic aspects of the development of psoriatic arthritis in people with generalized chronic periodontitis
Authors: Poryadin G. V. , Zakhvatov A. N. , Parshina A. Yu.
Published: January 2023

The pathogenetic mechanisms of progression of chronic periodontitis and psoriatic arthritis have common components in immune and inflammatory responses.

The pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis involves interaction of microbial and immunological components. As a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease and a consequence of an infectious trigger that originally affects gingival soft tissue, periodontitis is typically characterized by periodontal destruction and damage to adjacent connective tissues. Neutrophils contribute to the development of periodontitis and participate in its progression by recruiting T helper 17 cells and stimulating synthesis of the receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL), contributing to bone resorption.

Macrophages as producers of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-22, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)), free radicals, and matrix metalloproteinases contribute to the chronic course of the disease. Tissue destruction results in generation of reactive oxygen species by neutrophils, which, against the background of a decrease in the antioxidant potential, leads to development of oxidative stress. These processes together lead to tooth mobility, formation of periodontal pockets, and bone resorption.

The key factors in the formation of psoriatic arthritis against the background of periodontitis are overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines in target tissues (skin, joints, gingival microflora) and development of an excessive systemic immune response to the microbiota inhabiting the epithelial and periodontal tissues. A statistically confirmed correlation of the progression of periodontal destruction with the presence of psoriatic arthritis proves the significance of the effects of inflammation as a background for the progression of a comorbidity. Increased IL-17 synthesis plays a crucial role in the development of immune responses of pathological bone remodeling and bone resorption in periodontitis and psoriatic arthritis.
Development and characterization of patient-derived xenograft models of colorectal cancer for testing new pharmacological substances
Authors: Goncharova A. S. , Kolesnikov E. N. , Egorov G. Yu. , Maksimov A. Yu. , Shevchenko A. N. , Nepomnyashchaya E. M. , Gvaldin D. Yu. , Kurbanova L. Z. , Khodakova D. V. , Kit S. O. , Kaymakchi O. Yu. , Snezhko A. V.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study was to create a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of human colorectal cancer and to determine its histologic and molecular characteristics, such as the status of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes and the presence of microsatellite instability.

Materials and methods. First generation xenograft models in vivo were created using tumors from patients with colorectal cancer (n = 4) and immunodeficient Balb/c Nude mice (n = 20); second, third, and fourth generation models were created in the same mouse line (n = 3 for each generation). A caliper was used to measure subcutaneous xenografts; their size was calculated by the ellipsoid formula. Cryopreservation involved immersing the samples in a freezing medium (80% RPMI 1640, 10% fetal bovine serum, 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) and storing them at –80 °C. The histologic analysis was performed according to the standard technique (preparation of paraffin blocks and staining of microsections with hematoxylin and eosin). Mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes were determined by direct Sanger sequencing; microsatellite instability was determined by the fragment analysis at five loci: Bat-25, Bat-26, NR21, NR24, and NR27.

Results. Stable, transplantable xenografts of colorectal cancer were obtained from two out of four patients. The average waiting time from the implantation to the growth of the first generation xenograft was 28 days. The latency phase after cryopreservation was comparable to that at the creation of the first generation PDX model. The model reproduced the histotype, grade and mutational status of the KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF genes, as well as microsatellite instability of the donor tumor.

Conclusion. The developed model of human colorectal cancer was characterized in terms of growth dynamics, cryopreservation tolerance, and histologic and molecular genetic parameters.
Possibilities of predicting the HER2 / neu status in a primary tumor in breast cancer patients using 99mTc-DARPinG3
Authors: Bragina O. D. , Tashireva L. A. , Chernov V. I. , Deyev S. M. , Tolmachev V. M.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To determine informative prognostic criteria for assessing the HER2 / neu status in primary breast cancer using 99mTc-DARPinG3.

Materials and methods. The study included 10 patients with breast cancer (T1-4N0-2M0) before systemic therapy, who underwent a radionuclide study using 99mTc-DARPinG3 at a dose of 3,000 μg. Five patients were characterized by HER2 / neu overexpression in primary breast cancer, whereas 5 patients were HER2-negative. For all patients, morphological and immunohistochemical studies and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of the primary tumor nodule were carried out. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the chest was performed for all patients 4 hours after the injection of 99mTc-DARPinG3.

Results. The total activity of 99mTc-DARPinG3 was 522.4 ± 341.8 MBq. The comparative analysis showed that higher uptake of the labeled protein in HER2-positive breast cancer was significant (p = 0.0159, Mann – Whitney U test). The analysis of the ratios showed significant differences in the tumor-to-background ratios in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (p < 0.0159, Mann – Whitney U test). Based on the logistic regression analysis, a mathematical model was developed to predict the status of HER2 / neu in primary breast cancer patients (specificity and sensitivity 100%; p = 0.0004) using 99mTc-DARPinG3 at a dose of 3,000 mcg 4 hours after the injection of the radiopharmaceutical.

Conclusion. The results of the study allow to consider the tumor-to-background ratio 4 hours after the injection of 99mTc-DARPinG3 as an additional prognostic parameter for determining the HER2 / neu status in primary breast cancer.
Local biocompatibility and biochemical profile of hepatic cytolysis in subcutaneous implantation of polylactide matrices
Authors: Ivanova E. A. , Dzyuman A. N. , Dvornichenko M. V.
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study was to investigate local biocompatibility and systemic effects of nonwoven polylactide (PLA) matrices on blood and liver parameters after their subcutaneous implantation in Wistar rats.

Materials and methods. Bioabsorbable fibrous PLA matrices were produced by electrospinning and had dimensions (10 × 10 mm², thickness of no more than 0.5 mm; fiber diameter in the matrix ~1 μm) appropriate for subcutaneous implantation in white laboratory rats. Polymer implants were sterilized in ethylene oxide vapor. Thirty days after the implantation of PLA matrices, local biocompatibility according to GOST ISO 10993-6-2011, cellular parameters (total leukocyte count, hemogram, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration), and biochemical blood parameters (lactate concentration, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels) were studied, and a standard histologic evaluation of the liver was performed.

Results. PLA matrix samples were mild local irritants on a scale of 1–1.9 points according to GOST ISO 10993-6-2011 criteria 30 days after the subcutaneous implantation. The median density of distribution of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) in the connective tissue around and in PLA matrices was 1,500 (1,350; 1,550) per 1 mm² of a slice. Pronounced leukocytic reaction due to lymphocytosis was noted (an increase by 1.7 times compared with a sham-operated (SO) control group, р < 0.02). The absence of a significant neutrophil count in the blood revealed sterile inflammation proceeding in the subcutaneous tissue around the PLA materials. Normalization of hepatic cytolysis markers (ALT and AST activity) in the blood without pronounced changes in the structure of the liver and the number of binuclear hepatocytes was noted. These markers were increased in SO controls (ALT up to 123% and AST up to 142%, p < 0.001 compared with values in the intact group).

Conclusion. Nonwoven PLA matrices are biocompatible with subcutaneous tissue, undergo bioresorption by MNGCs, and have a distant protective effect on the functional state of the liver in laboratory animals. Hypotheses on the detected systemic effect during subcutaneous implantation of PLA matrices were discussed; however, specific mechanisms require further study.
Effect of preterm birth in rats on proliferation and hyperplasia of cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ivanova V. V. , Milto I. V. , Serebryakova O. N. , Sukhodolo I. V.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To identify the effect of preterm birth on proliferation and hyperplasia of cardiomyocytes in the early postnatal period of ontogenesis in rats.

Materials and methods. Preterm birth (on day 21 and 21.5 of gestation) in Wistar rats was induced by subcutaneous administration of mifepristone. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify and calculate the number of Ki67-positive and Mklp2-positive cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle of preterm and full-term rats on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of postnatal ontogenesis. Statistical analysis of morphometric parameters was performed using the Shapiro – Wilk test and Mann – Whitney test with the Bonferroni correction.

Results. We revealed an increase in the number of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes in the left ventricle of the rats: on day 1 of postnatal ontogenesis (in the rats born on day 21 of gestation) and on days 3–5 of postnatal ontogenesis (in the rats born on day 21.5 of gestation). Preterm birth in rats did not result in a change in the number of Mklp2-positive cardiomyocytes in the left ventricular wall.

Conclusion. A change in the pattern of Ki67 expression by cardiomyocytes in the rats born 12 or 24 hours before full term was demonstrated in the early postnatal period of ontogenesis. An isolated increase in Ki67 expression without a change in Mklp2 expression by cardiomyocytes in the left ventricular wall of preterm rats indicates acceleration of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Shorter duration of prenatal development is associated with more pronounced morphological and functional rearrangements in the rat myocardium.
Search for polymorphic variants of candidate genes contributing to individual radiosensitivity
Authors: Isubakova D. S. , Litviakov N. V. , Tsymbal O. S. , Usova T. V. , Tsyplenkova M. Yu. , Milto I. V. , Takhauov R. M.
Published: January 2023

Background.Cytogenetic damage (СD) in lymphocytes induced by low doses (up to 0.1 Sv) of ionizing radiation (IR) is the main cytogenetic sign of individual radiosensitivity of the human body. In addition to DNA repair and cell death, which affect the formation of СD and its elimination, IR effects on the cell can be manifested through changes in proliferation of cells with unrepaired DNA damage. The system of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), which provide coordination of mitotic events during passage of a cell through the cell cycle, plays a crucial role in regulation of cell proliferation.

Aim.To evaluate the relationship of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cell cycle genes with an increased frequency of СD in workers of a nuclear power plant affected by chronic occupational radiation exposure in the dose range of 100–500 mSv.

Materials and methods.The object of the study was blood of 55 conditionally healthy workers of Siberian Chemical Plant (SCP) who were affected by chronic occupational radiation exposure (gamma radiation) in the dose range of 100–500 mSv. A standard cytogenetic analysis of blood lymphocytes was performed for all examined individuals. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood of the workers using the QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Germany). DNA was genotyped using 257 SNPs of cyclin genes and neighboring intergenic regions using DNA microarrays from the high-density CytoScan HD Array (Affymetrix, USA).

Results.Taking into account the Bonferroni correction, only statistically significant associations of SNPs with the frequency of dicentric chromosomes were found; all other types of chromosomal aberrations did not show statistical significance. The rs803054CCNI2was associated with an increased frequency of dicentric chromosomes arising under the influence of chronic occupational radiation exposure.

Conclusion.The discovered SNP (rs803054), whose recessive genotype is associated with an increased frequency of dicentric chromosomes in workers of SCP exposed to radiation at doses of 100–500 mSv over a long time, can be considered as a potential marker of individual radiosensitivity. To confirm the identified associations, further validation studies are needed on an expanded sample of people affected by chronic occupational radiation exposure.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the role of microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Kopeva K. V. , Mochula A. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Grakova E. V. , Shipulin V. V. , Gusakova A. M. , Zavadovsky K. V.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling (soluble ST2 (sST2), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and NT-proBNP), parameters of diastolic dysfunction (DD), and the presence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in symptomatic patients.

Materials and methods. Study participants were 59 patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 62 (56; 67) %. Non-obstructive CAD was verified by coronary computed tomography angiography. Stress-and rest-myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) parameters were evaluated by CZT SPECT. Serum levels of cardiac biomarkers were measured by the enzyme immunoassay. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess DD parameters.

Results. Decreased CFR was defined as CFR ≤ 2. Therefore, CMD was defined as the presence of decreased CFR in the absence of flow-limiting CAD. Distribution of patients was performed by CFR values: group 1 included patients with preserved CFR (>2, n = 35), and group 2 encompassed patients with decreased CFR (≤2, n = 24). In 87.5% of cases, patients with CMD were diagnosed with HFpEF, whereas in patients with preserved CFR, heart failure was diagnosed only in 51.4% of cases (p < 0.0001). CFR values were correlated with the left atrial volume (r = –0.527; p = 0.001), E / A ratio (r = –0.321, p = 0.012), and E / e’ (r = –0.307; p = 0.021). Following the ROC analysis, the levels of sST2 ≥ 31.304 ng / ml (AUС = 0.730; р = 0.004) and NT-proBNP ≥ 0.034 pg / ml (AUС = 0.815; р = 0.034) were identified as cut-off values for the presence of CMD in patients with non-obstructive CAD.

Conclusion. The obtained data suggest that CMD may play an essential role in HFpEF. The values of CFR were correlated with DD parameters, and decreased CFR was associated with overexpression of biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis and cardiac remodeling. Serum levels of sST2 and NT-proBNP were identified as cut-off values for the presence of CMD in patients with non-obstructive CAD.
Effects of a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on the retina of young and old rats
Authors: Logvinov S. V. , Mustafina L. R. , Kurbatov B. K. , Naryzhnaya N. V. , Varakuta E. Yu. , Potapov A. V.
Published: January 2023

Aim. To study the effect of a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on retinal morphology of young and old rats in the experiment.

Materials and methods. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats aged 60 and 450 days at the beginning of the experiment. The animals were divided into 4 groups: group 1 (n = 14) included intact rats aged 150 days at the end of the experiment; group 2 (n = 14) encompassed rats (60 days old) fed with a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (HFHCD) for 90 days; group 3 (n = 14) included intact rats (450 days old) receiving a standard diet for 90 days; group 4 (n = 14) included rats (450 days old) fed with HFHCD for 90 days. Immunoassay and histology were used in the work.

Results. HFHCD resulted in an increase in glucose concentration in animals of both age groups. In old animals, it caused a pronounced increase in the content of insulin, TGFβ, and fibronectin in the blood serum, neovascularization of outer retinal layers, as well as karyopyknosis and death of neurosensory cells, leading to destruction of photoreceptors and drastic thinning of the outer nuclear and outer plexiform layers. In young rats fed with HFHCD, no pronounced histologic disorders of the retina were noted.

Conclusion. HFHCD enhances age-related retinal changes in old (450-day-old) rats.
Multiple Correspondence Analysis towards the Change of Income and Sociodemographic of Citizens due to COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia
Authors: Ong Wen Xuan  , Lim Chui Ting  , Nurulain Nabilah Binti Muhammad Aris Fadzilah  , Nora Binti Muda
Published: January 2023

This paper intends to observe the economic impact and spending patterns of citizens when the spread of coronavirus occurred uncontrollably in Malaysia. The data used in this paper is the result of a first-round Special Survey ‘Effect of COVID-19 on Economy and Individual’ conducted by the Department of Statistics Malaysia. Based on the paired-t test, all the aspects tested are found to have significant differences before and during the pandemic. This is likely because citizens comply with the rules set during Movement Control Order. Next, the Chi-square test between the changes in citizens’ monthly income and sociodemographic factors are significantly associated. Therefore, factors state, gender, ethnicity, and age group of citizens are used in further analysis of multiple correspondence (MCA) to study the relationship between several categorical variables. Hence, citizens of age group 35­–44 years old from Central region and Chinese citizens have no changes in their income before and during the pandemic. Citizens of age group 15–34 years old and Northern region have both increment or reduction income whereas men citizens received lower-income payments. Indian women and citizens from Eastern region tend to not work during the pandemic. This study can be a guide to the government in overcoming social problems.