bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminal Compliance and Its Effects: Between Crime Prevention and the Avoidance and Mitigation of Administrative Criminal Liability
Authors: Vecchio Fabrizio Bon , Beck Francis Rafael
Published: July 2023

Criminal compliance represents a program of legal and criminal guidelines developed, implemented, and executed through a complex system of policies, internal controls, and stringent procedures aimed at ensuring that the organization maintains a state of integrity. In addition to preventing the occurrence of crimes within the company, criminal compliance also aims to ensure the avoidance or mitigation of administrative criminal liability for the administrator, based on established penal doctrine and regulatory changes, presupposing the existence of an effective program.
The Implementation of Criminal Compliance as a Criminal Policy to Combat Corruption
Authors: Corneau Juliano Astor
Published: July 2023

The systemic corruption that exists in Brazil, in the public and private spheres, is one of the biggest challenges of the criminal justice system of the last decade in the country. The way to combat economic crimes is a major challenge for the criminal sciences, where, in the last decade, the legislator began to adopt alternative methods, such as the use of compliance programmes to prevent these crimes. Thus, it is the objective of this work to analyse whether criminal compliance could be adopted as a new form of criminal policy in the fight against corruption. It is concluded that there is a need to establish a culture of ethics and integrity in public and private institutions in Brazil, changing the course of the criminal policy of repression and prevention of corruption.
The Importance of Compliance as a Tool to Combat Cybercrime
Authors: Rodrigues Luís Augusto Antunes
Published: July 2023

Law 13.709/2018 - General Data Protection Law - is in force in Brazil, aiming to protect fundamental rights of freedom and personality. In this view, this proposal is closely linked to the analysis of the implementation of compliance rules in the business technology sectors in order to avoid cybercrime, identifying in practice what must be done aiming to eliminate the leakage of clients' data. This article will inform about the importance of compliance in cybercrime, how companies should provide conditions so that criminals do not have access to customer data. Business owners need to keep their technological security level very high, including several precautions explained throughout this paper. Companies must help in the fight against cyberattacks aiming to comply with specific laws. The need for the creation of specific rules will be demonstrated, thus avoiding Internet hacking. One cannot deny the advance of technology, but one must be aware that today we depend on it and that illegal acts will increasingly become a reality. What is sought is to identify specific means of combating cybercrime through the correct use of compliance in the technology sector of companies.
Compliance as an Alternative Instrument for the Protection of Human Rights and the Ineffectiveness of Decree No. 9.571/2018
Authors: Adamatti Bianka , Ferreira Eduardo Adolfo
Published: July 2023

With the advancement of globalisation, economic and technological processes, and the disruption of obsolete social standards, it is no longer acceptable for corporations to seek their development and profits without observing the pertinent aspects of the human condition, which have their guiding principles established by the United Nations Human Rights Council. Thus, in order to encourage the adoption of good practices in Human Rights by national and multinational companies, the Decree No. 9.571/2018 established the guidelines for implementing Human Rights Compliance programmes in organisations. This study analyses Decree No. 9.571/2018 and demonstrates the importance of implementing Human Rights Compliance programmes, which, in addition to providing protection and encouragement to Human Rights in the corporate-business environment, may positively influence the results and reputation of businesses in the market. While some companies are adopting Human Rights policies, from a Corporate Social Responsibility perspective, the decree under analysis is optional and does not provide an incentive for companies to implement Human Rights Compliance programmes, resulting in a guideline without practical effectiveness.
ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE LEAVES OF ORNAMENTAL TREES TASHKENT CITY
Authors:   Tashkent State Agrarian University 100700, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Tashpulatova F.Sh. , Berdiev E.T. ,   Tashkent State Agrarian University 100700, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2023

This article presents the results of a study of the accumulation of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) in the leaves of ornamental trees in two families Magnoliaceae (2 species) and Pinaceae (2 species) in the urban environment of the city of Tashkent. Growing in the Botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, and on the central streets of Amir Temur in Tashkent. In the leaves of trees in the urban environment, there is an excess of background concentrations of lead, copper and zinc. The maximum content of heavy metals in trees noted in the areas of industrial enterprises and in areas with increased traffic load. Species features of metal accumulation revealed. Ornamental trees with a high metal storage capacity can be useful for phytoremediation of polluted urban areas.
PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING DERMATOLOGY ON THE TOPIC OF PSORIASIS
Authors:   Andijan State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, A.A. Kuchkarov , F.Sh. Khamidov ,   Andijan State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2023

The article describes the pedagogical technology "Assessment", which can be used in teaching dermatology on the topic of Psoriasis.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC CHANGES IN THE BRONCHIAL WALL IN RABBITS DURING ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL PNEUMONIA
Authors:   Department Of Pathological Anatomy With A Sectional And Biopsy Course Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan, Mardonovich Ismoilov Jasur
Published: July 2023

This article presents the results of the study of changes observed in the mucosa and submucosa of the bronchial wall after inducing experimental pneumonia in rabbits. The investigation was carried out on 24 adult rabbits weighing 2-2,5 kg. The experimental rabbits were examined 3, 15, 30 days after induction of pneumonia. Data from 6-7 rabbits in each period were analysed.
PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH RHYTHM DISTURBANCES AND PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
Authors:   Phd, Assistant Department Of Internal Medicine And Cardiology №2 Samarkand State Medical University Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Akbarovna Nasyrova Zarina , Tashkenbaeva Eleonora Negmatova ,   Doctor Of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head Of Internal Medicine And Cardiology Department №2 Samarkand State Medical University Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Akbarovna Nosirova Dilangiz ,   Resident Of Master's Degree In Cardiology, Department Of Internal Medicine And Cardiology №2 Samarkand State Medical University Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2023

Today, cardiac rhythm disturbances are quite common in the adult population. The correct tactics of outpatient management as well as timely diagnostics of heart rhythm disturbances considerably reduces the percentage of patients suffering from complications of heart rhythm disturbances, improves quality of life of patients and reduces risks of lethal outcome. The aim of our study was to detect psycho-emotional disorders among outpatients with heart rhythm disturbances who had myocardial infarction. 62 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD), postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICD) and various types of rhythm disturbances were studied in Samarkand 3rd family polyclinic. The mean age of the patients was 62.8±12.1 years. During the study we have established the relationship between the progression of signs of rhythm disturbances and psycho-emotional status of the patients based on the HADS score interpretation. Conclusions: thus, our study proves that all patients, in particular myocardial infarction patients, should be tested with Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS already in the outpatient phase for early detection of psychoemotional disorders to reduce cardiovascular complications, as well as to provide timely targeted care already in the primary care.
OCT CHANGES IN MACULAR RETINAL THICKNESS DURING A-VEGF THERAPY
Authors:   Doctor Of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Center For The Development Of Professional Qualifications Of Medical Personnel, Uzbekistan, Mirshovkatovna Normatova Nargiza , Faridovich Khamidullayev Firdavs ,   Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2023

Macular edema is the leading cause of vision loss in the increasingly frequent occurrence of diabetes mellitus, a true epidemic in developed countries. Diabetic macular edema is closely related to lifestyle, obesity, smoking or high blood pressure. Macular oedema is the leading cause of vision loss in people with diabetes in developed countries, and its prevalence is directly related to the duration of diabetes. Its incidence varies from publication to publication, ranging between 7.5% and 15.2%, and is more common in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin.The significance of the incidence of diabetic macular oedema is directly related to the patient's metabolic control and the presence of risk factors, as we will see below.
PROCEDURAL INDEPENDENCE OF THE INVESTIGATOR: MYTH OF REALITY?
Authors:   Dr.Sci. (Law), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher Of The Sector Of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure And Criminology At Institute Of State And Law Of The Russian Academy Of Science, Uzbekistan, Rossinskiy Sergey Borisovich , Baxadirovna Bazarova Dilfora ,   Professor, Doctor Of Law, Head Of The Department Of Criminal Procedure Law At The Tashkent State University Of Law, Uzbekistan
Published: July 2023

The article highlights the factors that led to a major restriction of the investigator’s procedural independence as a result of a sharp growth in the number of procedural-administrative and procedural-control powers held by the chief of the investigative body. One of these reasons is explained by the author’s efforts to address the conse-quences from the well-known crisis of law enforcement agencies in the 1990s, which resulted in a decline in the quality of preliminary investigation. The second justifica-tion is connected by the author to the Soviet preliminary investigation’s administra-tiveization and the assignment of traditional jurisdictional (judicial-investigative) powers to the executive authorities. As a result, it is determined that the procedural independence of the investigator is merely another doctrinal illusion at the moment. It should be noted that the investi-gator’s discretionary powers are actually limited to a minimum, and their potential use depends on the procedural omnipotence of the chief of the investigative body. In conclusion, in light of the topic of this article the prospects for the further development of the preliminary investigation bodies are examined.
Pengaruh Kelincahan dan Kekuatan Otot Lengan terhadap Kemampuan Menggiring Bola dalam permainan bola basket Pada siswa Ekstrakurikuler SMP Negeri 3 Belo
Authors: Samsudin Samsudin
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Kelincahan Dan Kekuatan Otot Lengan terhadap Kemampuan Menggiring Bola dalam permainan bola basket Pada siswa Ekstrakurikuler smp Negeri 3 Belo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Populasi dan sampel penelitian siswa Ekstrakurikuler SMP Negeri 3 Belo berjumlah 30 siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus T-test. Kesimpulan dalam peneltian ini ada pengaruh Kelincahan Dan Kekuatan Otot Lengan terhadap Kemampuan Menggiring Bola dalam permainan bola basket Pada siswa Ekstrakurikuler smp Negeri 3 Belo.
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF MAIN TANKS T-64, T-72, T-80 OF THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Buryak S.
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results regarding the set of indicators and criteria that have undergone further development; improved methodology and well-founded promising directions for the development of the main types of tanks in service with the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In addition, a priority series of the level of technical excellence of domestic and foreign tank models has been built.

The proposed measures will make it possible to increase the combat capabilities of tank military units and units, reduce the number of modifications of the main tanks in the troops, which will simplify their operation, ensure the loading of the state defense order by enterprises of the domestic defense industry, build up the experience of international cooperation in the production of anti-tank weapons, which is extremely necessary for the further integration of Ukraine in the Euro-Atlantic security space, to rationally use the available limited resources in the interests of increasing the capabilities of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the conditions of war with an enemy that numerically outnumbers our country by most indicators.

As a direction of further research, there may be additional consideration in the set of selected indicators of additional technical characteristics that affect the fire capabilities of tanks, as well as cost indicators.
A METHOD OF PREDICTING FAILURE RATES OF AN UNMANNED AIRCRAFT COMPLEX BASED ON CONTROLLED OPERATION DATA
Authors: Kamak Yu. , Bashynskyi V.
Published: July 2023

The article provides a description of the method for determining the fault-free work indicators (FWI) of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) during their controlled exploitation (CE). It is noted that’s standard approaches to determining the reliability indicators operate with idealized models of situations in which the number of failures is calculated by various ways, and then statistical models are built on this basis. Further, taking in to account various assumptions of the author, reliability indicators are formulated, and, as their subsets, FWI as well.

Thus, there is a situation of a contradiction between the “noisy” experimental model data and the ultimate UAS FWI (number of failures, MTBF, failure rate and probability of failure-free operation), which are formulated by analogy with their idealized prototypes.

It is proposed to overcome this contradiction by developing a method that would calculate the number of UAS failures N* during the standard СE period (conventionally 100 flights), the average integral MTBF T* in the CE period of UAS, the average integrated failure rate λ* in the CE period of UAS, and the average integral probability P* in the CE period of UAS.

The determination of the devalues is proposed to be carried out on the basis of data obtained during the controlled UAS exploitation, according to the method described in this article here by.

Monitoring the progress of the controlled UAS exploitation is carried out by documenting the facts concerning failures and updates using the Dynamic Bayesian Trust Network (DBN). By the CE beginning, DBN is created using the Bayes Fusion GeNiE Academic 2.5 simulation environment.

The tracking process is implemented by making to the DBN records (evidences) about the failure and restoration of the complex in the CE process. These significations are inputting into the model the information about whether at a certain point of time a certain UAS element failed or it was restored after the failure. This information is the result of the UAS observation, and in DBN this causes an immediate recalculation of conditional posterior probabilities of failure-free operation of all whose operability depends on the operability of the nodes got evidenced. This information appears in the actions flow of the practical use of the BPAC and is transmitted to the flow of documenting failures that the operator performs in the DBN. These actions enable the external, relatively DBN, software to calculate the ultimate UAS FWI.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA DI SMPN 2 BANJARAN
Authors: Rohaeni Ela , Iis Iis , Khodijah Neng Siti
Published: July 2023

Perilaku seksual pada remaja dipengaruhi beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah pengetahuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi terhadap perilaku seksual remaja pada siswa kelas 3 di SMP Negeri 2 Banjaran. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik observasional. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 60 orang dengan pengambilan sampel secara total sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu kuesioner. Analisis yang digunakan menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian univariat menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa kelas 3 mempunyai pengetahuan baik sebanyak 33 responden (55%) dan berdasarkan perilaku seksual remaja didapatkan remaja mempunyai prilaku seksual tidak baik sebanyak 38 siswa ( 63%).  Berdasarkan hasil bivariat didapatkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan anatara pengetahuan dengan perilaku seksual remaja dengan p value sebesar 0,003 artinya p value < 0,005. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan pihak sekolah bisa berkerjasama dengan puskesmas untuk memberikan pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi remaja dan pendidikan seksual. Sehingga remaja menjadi peduli terhadap kesehatan reproduksinya.Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan; Kesehatan Reproduksi; Perilaku Seksual RemajaAbstractSexual behavior in adolescents is influenced by several factors including knowledge. This study aims to determine the relationship of reproductive health knowledge to adolescent sexual behavior in grade 3 students at SMP Negeri 2 Banjaran. The research design used is observational analytic. The approach used in this research is cross sectional. The sample in this study was 60 people with total sampling. The data collection method used is a questionnaire. The analysis used uses univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of the univariate study showed that most of the 3rd grade students had good knowledge of 33 respondents (55%) and based on adolescent sexual behavior it was found that 38 students (63%) had bad sexual behavior. Based on the bivariate results, it was found that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and adolescent sexual behavior with a p value of 0.003 meaning that the p value <0.005. Based on the research results, it is hoped that schools can work together with health centers to provide knowledge about adolescent reproductive health and sexual education. So that teenagers become concerned about their reproductive health.Keywords: Knowledge; Reproductive Health’ Adolescent Sexual Behavior
Notes on Worldsheet-Like Variables for Cluster Configuration Spaces
Authors:   Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, P.R. China, He Song , Wang Yihong ,   Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, P.R. China, Zhang Yong ,   Uppsala University, Sweden, Zhao Peng ,   Institute of Theoretical Physics, P.R. China
Published: July 2023

We continue the exploration of various appearances of cluster algebras in scattering amplitudes and related topics in physics. The cluster configuration spaces generalize the familiar moduli space ${\mathcal M}_{0,n}$ to finite-type cluster algebras. We study worldsheet-like variables, which for classical types have also appeared in the study of the symbol alphabet of Feynman integrals. We provide a systematic derivation of these variables from $Y$-systems, which allows us to express the dihedral coordinates in terms of them and to write the corresponding cluster string integrals in compact forms. We mainly focus on the $D_n$ type and show how to reach the boundaries of the configuration space, and write the saddle-point equations in terms of these variables. Moreover, these variables make it easier to study various topological properties of the space using a finite-field method. We propose conjectures about quasi-polynomial point count, dimensions of cohomology, and the number of saddle points for the $D_n$ space up to $n=10$, which greatly extend earlier results.
Resolving Galactic-scale Obscuration of X-Ray AGNs at z ≳ 1 with COSMOS-Web
Authors: Silverman John D. , Mainieri Vincenzo , Ding Xuheng , Liu Daizhong , Jahnke Knud , Hirschmann Michaela , Kartaltepe Jeyhan , Lambrides Erini , Onoue Masafusa , Trakhtenbrot Benny , Vardoulaki Eleni , Bongiorno Angela , Casey Caitlin , Civano Francesca , Faisst Andreas , Franco Maximilien , Gillman Steven , Gozaliasl Ghassem , Hayward Christopher C. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kokorev Vasily , Magdis Georgios , Marchesi Stefano , Rich Robert Michael , Sparre Martin , Suh Hyewon , Tanaka Takumi , Valentino Francesco
Published: July 2023

A large fraction of the accreting supermassive black hole population is shrouded by copious amounts of gas and dust, particularly in the distant (z ≳ 1) universe. While much of the obscuration is attributed to a parsec-scale torus, there is a known contribution from the larger-scale host galaxy. Using JWST/NIRCam imaging from the COSMOS-Web survey, we probe the galaxy-wide dust distribution in X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) up to z ∼ 2. Here, we focus on a sample of three AGNs with their host galaxies exhibiting prominent dust lanes, potentially due to their edge-on alignment. These represent 27% (3 out of 11 with early NIRCam data) of the heavily obscured (N
H > 1023 cm−2) AGN population. With limited signs of a central AGN in the optical and near-infrared, the NIRCam images are used to produce reddening maps E(B − V) of the host galaxies. We compare the mean central value of E(B − V) to the X-ray obscuring column density along the line of sight to the AGN (N
H ∼ 1023−23.5 cm−2). We find that the extinction due to the host galaxy is present (0.6 ≲ E(B − V) ≲ 0.9; 1.9 ≲ A

V
≲ 2.8) and significantly contributes to the X-ray obscuration at a level of N
H ∼ 1022.5 cm−2 assuming an SMC gas-to-dust ratio that amounts to ≲30% of the total obscuring column density. These early results, including three additional cases from CEERS, demonstrate the ability to resolve such dust structures with JWST and separate the different circumnuclear and galaxy-scale obscuring structures.
Templates for Fitting Photometry of Ultra-high-redshift Galaxies
Authors: Steinhardt Charles L. , Kokorev Vasily , Rusakov Vadim , Garcia Ethan , Sneppen Albert
Published: July 2023

Recent data from the James Webb Space Telescope allow a first glimpse of galaxies at z ≳ 11. The most successful tool for identifying ultra-high-redshift candidates and inferring their properties is photometric template fitting. However, current methods rely on templates derived from much lower-redshift conditions, including stellar populations older than the age of the Universe at z > 12, a stellar initial mass function that is physically disallowed at z > 6, and weaker emission lines than currently observed at z > 7.5. Here, two sets of synthetic templates, optimized for the expected astrophysics of galaxies at 8 < z < 12 and z > 12, are developed and used to fit three galaxies at z > 12 from the SMACS0723 field. Using these improved templates, quantitative estimates are produced of the bias in inferred properties from JWST observations at z > 8 due to these effects. The best-fit redshifts are similar to those found with previous template sets, but the inferred stellar masses drop by as much as 1–1.6 dex, such that stellar masses are no longer seemingly inconsistent with ΛCDM. The two new template sets are released in formats compatible with EAZY and LePhare.
Turbulence-supported Massive Star Envelopes
Authors: Schultz William C. , Bildsten Lars , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞
Published: July 2023

The outer envelopes of massive (M ≳ 10 M
⊙) stars exhibit large increases in opacities from forests of lines and ionization transitions (particularly from iron and helium) that trigger near-surface convection zones. One-dimensional (1D) models predict density inversions and supersonic motions that must be resolved with computationally intensive three-dimensional (3D) radiation hydrodynamic (RHD) modeling. Only in the last decade have computational tools advanced to the point where ab initio 3D models of these turbulent envelopes can be calculated, enabling us to present five 3D RHD Athena++ models (four previously published and one new 13 M
⊙ model). When convective motions are subsonic, we find excellent agreement between 3D and 1D velocity magnitudes, stellar structure, and photospheric quantities. However, when convective velocities approach the sound speed, hydrostatic balance fails as the turbulent pressure can account for 80% of the force balance. As predicted by Henyey, we show that this additional pressure support leads to a modified temperature gradient, which reduces the superadiabaticity where convection is occurring. In addition, all five models display significant overshooting from the convection in the Fe convection zone. As a result, the turbulent velocities at the surface are indicative of those in the Fe zone. There are no confined convection zones as seen in 1D models. In particular, helium convection zones seen in 1D models are significantly modified. Stochastic low-frequency brightness variability is also present in the 13 M
⊙ model with comparable amplitude and characteristic frequency to observed stars.
Diplomacia y humanismo: el embajador Jean Nicot y la rivalidad marítima franco-portuguesa (1559-1561)
Authors: Vila-Santa Nuno
Published: July 2023

Este artículo pretende reexaminar la embajada de Jean Nicot en Portugal, usando su correspondencia. Se demuestra que los principales episodios de esta rivalidad marítima durante el mandato de Nicot están relacionados con la adquisición por parte del embajador del conocimiento marítimo portugués. También se argumenta la conexión entre la transmisión de información por Nicot desde Lisboa con su labor como traductor y divulgador del conocimiento portugués tras su reasentamiento en Francia. Se compara la embajada de Nicot con la de otros embajadores franceses y españoles.
«Los indios de tan lejos». Migración indígena, crítica obispal y reflexión política en torno a un sínodo local en la América meridional (Santiago de Chile, 1626)
Authors: Orrego González Francisco
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo estudia diversos problemas y procesos como la movilidad indígena, el traslado de obispos, la acción de encomenderos, la geografía y cómo estos participaron en la construcción política y territorial del Reino de Chile a inicios del siglo XVII. Todos estos elementos convergerán en 1626 cuando se celebre un sínodo diocesano en Santiago. El artículo sostiene que el ingreso de indios huarpes a la zona central de Chile promovió la construcción de espacios de acción política alternativos, como el sínodo, fortaleciendo un modelo de administración policéntrica de la monarquía.
La participación de la familia Sánchez de Tagle en el tráfico transpacífico de esclavos negros a finales del siglo XVII
Authors: Toledo Rodrigo G.
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo analiza los mecanismos de expansión realizados por uno de los principales clanes del Consulado de Mercaderes de México, los Sánchez de Tagle, durante los años bisagra del cambio dinástico. Gracias a su pertenencia corporativa pudieron tejer redes mercantiles lo suficientemente sólidas y diversas como para ir más allá de la plata, su principal negocio. Mediante la confianza familiar, el entramado liderado por Luis Sánchez de Tagle envió a un sobrino a Manila que terminaría siendo un agente clave en la introducción de esclavos negros a través del Galeón de Manila.
La ley penal de 1845 en Cuba: procesos de negociación, propuestas, contrapropuestas y resultado
Authors: Bachero Bachero Juan Luis
Published: July 2023

El tratado para la abolición de la trata entre España y Reino Unido en 1835 incluía la obligación por parte de España de realizar una ley penal para represaliar el comercio de esclavos al Caribe. Los británicos presionaron reiteradamente hasta conseguir en 1843 el compromiso político de realizarla. Esto originó debates y opiniones en España y en Cuba,en los que finalmente prevalecieron las opiniones y las acciones de los que auguraban unos efectos económicos devastadores, por lo que su articulado se fue suavizando para garantizar continuidad de la entrada clandestina de esclavos.
Producción científica sobre comunicación pública de la ciencia en Dimensions entre el 2017 y el 2021
Authors: Barceló-Hidalgo Mayre , Dávila-Lorenzo Marianela
Published: July 2023

La investigación plantea un análisis bibliométrico con el objetivo de caracterizar el estatuto disciplinar de la comunicación pública de la ciencia a partir de indicadores de productividad científica, colaboración científica y producción temática en la base de datos Dimensions entre el 2017 y el 2021. El estudio se inscribe en el ámbito de la Bibliometría descriptiva con un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo. Los resultados exhiben el liderazgo de Estados Unidos y Reino Unido con el 41% de los artículos publicados en revistas especializadas. Las revistas más productivas tienen altos niveles de impacto. Los índices más altos de productividad se sitúan en la University of The West of England. Sobresale también la amplia participación de autores latinoamericanos con 96 artículos, 26.37% del total. Desde el punto de vista temático los estudios se centran en: las teorías de la comunicación científica, actitudes/comportamientos y el desarrollo de mecanismos entre ciencia y políticas públicas.
Xavier Gosé, son influence sur les derniers modernistes décadents et l’Art Déco en Espagne
Authors: Trenc Élisée
Published: July 2023

L’art de Xavier Gosé a joué un rôle important auprès de la dernière génération des artistes modernistes décadents par son raffinement ainsi qu’auprès de la génération des illustrateurs et affichistes espagnols Art Déco par le synthétisme et la géométrisation de son dessin et sa riche gamme chromatique orientalisante.
Pairalisme i identitat al segle XIX català: una construcció des de la imaginació literària
Authors: Llovera Juncà Anna
Published: July 2023

Cet article propose une exploration du sens mythique et imaginaire dans les romans rustiques catalans de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, dans lequel le discours du pairalisme joue un rôle déterminant. Le paysan, figure jusqu'alors peu présente en littérature, y est investi d’un pouvoir sublimatoire de l’essence de la catalanité et le monde qui lui appartient, la ruralité, se transforme en le seul habitat possible pour le « bon catalan ».
Les supermarchés coopératifs et participatifs, un modèle socio-productif émergeant ?
Authors: Grassart Clotilde
Published: July 2023

La crise de la grande distribution ainsi que les problématiques économiques, sociales et environnementales actuelles participent à transformer le paysage commercial français. Dans ce contexte, une myriade d’acteurs économiques émerge avec la volonté de proposer des modèles alternatifs aux circuits alimentaires conventionnels. C’est notamment le cas des magasins coopératifs et participatifs inspiré de l’expérience étasunienne Park Slope Food Coop, qui a été importée et popularisée en France par l’initiative parisienne La Louve. Caractérisé par une forme d’hybridation organisationnelle, ce modèle s’inspire de l’esprit et des principes coopératifs tout en s’appropriant le format du supermarché. Cet article s’appuie sur un travail de terrain destiné à identifier, caractériser et analyser les magasins français qui se revendiquent de cette dynamique. La réalisation d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès de salariés, de fondateurs et d’administrateurs de ces initiatives a permis de spécifier les composantes socio-productives de chaque magasin. L’objectif partagé par l’ensemble des promoteurs rencontrés est d’investir la sphère marchande avec l’élaboration d’une promesse de différence pour contester en pratique le modèle dominant au sein du secteur. Mais, outre ce projet commun, les modalités de différenciation vis-à-vis de la grande distribution divergent et divisent. Le terrain donne à voir des antagonismes en termes de stratégies, ce qui se manifeste dans l’élaboration de différentes politiques-produit, d’organisations productives ou de relations de travail. Une diversité qui conduit à un brouillage de frontières organisationnelles vis-à-vis d’autres initiatives émergentes qui partagent cette volonté contestataire, comme les « épis » et les « coopératives alimentaires autogérées ».
The native snail shell–nesting beeOsmia conjuncta(Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) exploits a local abundance of exoticCepaeasnails (Stylommatophora: Helicidae), choosing empty shells by size, colour, and microhabitat
Authors: Fanaki Isobel O. , Irazuzta Sebastian , Dudley Susan A.
Published: July 2023

For solitary bees, nesting substrate availability may limit population growth. Here, we investigate the nesting of a locally abundant beeOsmia conjunctaCresson (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in empty shells of exotic snails,Cepaeaspp. Held (Stylommatophora: Helicidae), in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. A literature review determined thatO. conjunctawas sparsely distributed throughout its range, with a low relative abundance except for the Niagara Region of Ontario, Canada, three sites in Maryland, United States of America, and the focal study area in Hamilton, Ontario. The Hamilton field survey of five grassland bee communities foundO. conjunctato be the most abundant bee species. The average relative abundance was 18.7%, peaking at 87% on one spring day. A survey of 1088 empty snail shells was done at the site with the highestO. conjunctaabundance. It revealed an average of 10.87 empty shells per square metre with cocoons in 9.8% of the shells, averaging 1.6 cocoons per nest. The relation between shell traits and cocoon presence indicated thatO. conjunctapreferred nesting in shells with intermediate size and colour and avoided shells near shrubs. The presence ofCepaeasnails increasedO. conjunctapopulations with potential consequences to the local bee assemblage.
Effects of sevoflurane on metalloproteinase and natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) ligand expression and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity in breast cancer: an in vitro study
Authors: Kim Hyae Jin , Jeon Soeun , Lee Hyeon Jeong , Bae Jaeho , Ri Hyun-Su , Hong Jeong-Min , Paek Sung In , Kwon Seul Ki , Kim Jae-Rin , Park Seungbin , Yun Eun-Jung
Published: July 2023

Background: We investigated the effects of sevoflurane exposure on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), expression and ablation of natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) ligands (UL16-binding proteins 1–3 and major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related molecules A/B), and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells.Methods: Three human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and HCC-70) were incubated with 0 (control), 600 (S6), or 1200 μM (S12) sevoflurane for 4 h. The gene expression of NKG2D ligands and their protein expression on cancer cell surfaces were measured using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and flow cytometry, respectively. Protein expression of MMP-1 and -2 and the concentration of soluble NKG2D ligands were analyzed using western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Results: Sevoflurane downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of the NKG2D ligand in a dose-dependent manner in MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and HCC-70 cells but did not affect the expression of MMP-1 or -2 or the concentration of soluble NKG2D ligands in the MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and HCC-70 cells. Sevoflurane attenuated NK cell-mediated cancer cell lysis in a dose-dependent manner in MCF-7, MDA-MB-453, and HCC-70 cells (P = 0.040, P = 0.040, and P = 0.040, respectively).Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that sevoflurane exposure attenuates NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. This could be attributed to a sevoflurane-induced decrease in the transcription of NKG2D ligands rather than sevoflurane-induced changes in MMP expression and their proteolytic activity.
External Jugular Veinous Thrombosis: A Rare Presentation of Hansen’s Disease
Authors: Chaudhuri Deep Jyoti , Swain Pranati , Nair Vipin Venugopal , Vasudevan Biju , Yadav Yugan Prakash
Published: July 2023

Veinous thrombosis is a rare manifestation of leprosy (Hansen’s disease). In this case report, we bring to notice this extremely rare presentation and challenges faced during management. A 26-year-old young healthy individual presented with painless cord-like swellings on both sides of the neck for 1 month. This was evaluated to be external jugular vein (EJV) thrombosis on ultrasonography Doppler. Trying to evaluate the cause of the thrombosis, there was no specific etiology found. On further detailed evaluation, it was found that he had hypopigmented skin patches. This led to the diagnosis of borderline tuberculoid leprosy downgrading to borderline lepromatous in type 1 lepra reaction. He responded to rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone with progressive resolution of skin lesions. Simultaneous treatment with apixaban caused complete resolution of EJV thrombosis. Further evaluation revealed heterozygous methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutation and beta-2-glycoprotein immunoglobulin M positivity. An extensive literature review suggested that intimal damage caused by lepra bacilli can lead to veinous thrombosis in Hansen’s disease. However, the interplay of genetic procoagulant predispositions in phenotypic presentation is yet to be determined.
COVID-related Acute Limb Ischemia: The Indian Data
Authors: Jha Manvendu , Pawar Pranay , Samuel Vimalin , Stephen Edwin , Bedi Varinder Singh , Suresh Kalkunte , Sritharan T N , Ilayakumar P , Sahu Tapish , Thakore Vijay , Sekhar Raghuram , Subramanian Sairam , Sekar Natarajan , Jagan Jithin , Raju Radhakrishnan , George Robbie
Published: July 2023

Introduction and Objective:

The reported incidence of COVID-related acute limb ischemia (CRALI) ranged from 3.7% to 9.6% in the literature. We report on consolidated data of patients with CRALI from 21 centers across India, which spanned the first two waves of COVID-the period of May 2020 to June 2021.

Materials and Methods:

Study design: Multicenter study from May 2022 to June 2021. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was done. Inclusion criteria: All patients who presented with signs and symptoms of acute limb ischemia or acute on chronic limb ischemia and who also tested positive for COVID through rapid antigen test or real time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

Data for 268 patients from 21 centers across India was available for analysis. 71% were males and 85% were >45 years of age. Majority of patients (n = 191) presented with acute symptoms. Best medical management with antiplatelets and anticoagulants was the only treatment in 34% of patients. Open embolectomy was attempted in 42%, endovascular procedures in 8% and amputation as primary procedure in 14.5%. Higher grades of ischemia were associated with significantly poorer limb salvage, amputation and mortality in the immediate and 14 days follow up (P < 0.001). At 14 days 173 limbs were salvaged (64.5%). Eighty patients underwent amputations (29.8%); 26 of the 80 (32%) were minor amputations (trans-metatarsal and less), so the major amputation rate was 20.1%. Maximum number of deaths were in the group that had undergone medical management (23%), while the least number of deaths were seen in the patients that had undergone some form of intervention, open surgical (2%) or endovascular procedure (4%). Looking at 14-day outcomes, the numbers of deaths in the patients managed with medical methods increased to 30%, open surgical to 7% and endovascular procedures to 8%.

Conclusion:

CRALI presented both as a primary presentation or developed later during the disease. Early surgical and endovascular interventions in these patients can help in achieving decent limb salvage rates.
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Morphology in the Chinese Population and Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair Eligibility
Authors: Wong May Yim-Ping , Wong Kei Kwong
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

The current commercial endovascular abdominal aortic stent grafts are designed based on the anatomical data from the Western population.

Objective:

To investigate the morphological features of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a Chinese cohort and its clinical implications.

Methods:

It was a retrospective, observational study. The preoperative computed tomography angiogram (CTAs) of patients who underwent endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) from January 01, 2015 to December 31, 2020, were analyzed. A predefined set of AAA morphological measurements was taken. The eligibility of EVAR with current commercially available stent grafts on the market was examined.

Results:

A total of 210 cases were studied. The mean AAA diameter was 64.3 mm. The mean proximal and distal neck diameters were 22.9 mm and 24.4 mm, respectively, whereas the mean neck length was 23.8 mm and the mean infra-renal angle was 51.6°. The right and left mean common iliac arteries (CIAs) diameters were 21.2 mm and 18.3 mm. The right and left mean CIA lengths were 35.7 mm and 37.3 mm. The mean external iliac artery (EIA) diameter was 8.3 mm bilaterally. Female gender was associated with significantly smaller neck diameters, smaller EIA diameters, and larger infra-renal angle. EVAR eligibility ranged from 16%–37% and was significantly lower in females.

Conclusions:

The majority of Chinese patients with AAA did not meet the anatomical eligibility for EVAR, with neck angulation being the major deterrent. Female patients posed an additional anatomical challenge due to larger infra-renal angle and smaller iliac access diameter. The development of low-profile angulated neck-compatible EVAR devices may expand EVAR applicability in future.
Juxtarenal Mycotic Aneurysm Managed by Neoaortoiliac System Buttressed with Posterior Rectus Sheath: A Novel Technique
Authors: Gupta Aditya , Manchikanti Sriram , Sun Neelamjingbha , Pitchai Shivanesan
Published: July 2023

A mycotic aortic aneurysm is a rare condition which is difficult to manage and has a high mortality. It can be managed by in situ repair with allografts, antibiotic-soaked dacron grafts, or neoaortoiliac system (NAIS) using deep femoral-popliteal vein segment; extra-anatomic bypass or endovascular aneurysm repair as a bridge to definitive therapy. We present a case of a juxtarenal mycotic aneurysm managed by NAIS buttressed with posterior rectus sheath. On 6 months’ follow up patient is asymptomatic with healthy anastomosis and patent grafts.
Melioidosis
Authors: Lawrence H. Ria , Ramakrishnan Gayathri Anur
Published: July 2023

Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is normally present in soil, endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions. It has a varied clinical presentation from presenting with acute symptoms and sepsis and rarely presenting as subacute to chronic disease. In this article, we have discussed the spectrum of presentation of melioidosis such as mediastinal lymphadenopathy, cavitating pneumonia, and pleural effusion.
A Case of Isolated Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection in an Immunocompetent Host
Authors: Rajendran Sivanthi Sapna , Ramakrishnan Gayathri Anur
Published: July 2023

A 48-year-old male presented with complaints of occasional dry cough and sneezing for the past 4 months and high-resolution computed tomography chest done showed tree in bud and patchy nodular opacities in the right upper lobe and right middle lobe. He underwent bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage Gene X-pert Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) was not detected, but cytology showed granulomas and hence he was started on empirical antituberculous therapy (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol (HRZE) regimen). His acid-fast bacilli C/S reports during follow-up showed growth of Mycobacterium Avium complex (MAC). Drug sensitivity testing was done and then he was started on oral rifampicin, ethambutol, and azithromycin and this regimen was continued for the next 6 months.
A Rare Case of Lymphangitis Carcinomatosis Presenting as Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
Authors: Maheswari P. , Krishnamoorthy K. , Pratheeban T. Joseph , Mathan E. , Shahul Hameed O. M. Rahman
Published: July 2023

Lymphangitis carcinomatosis (LC) is the infiltration and inflammation of lymphatic vessel secondary to the spread of malignancy from a primary site. Most cases result from dissemination of adenocarcinomas. Its presentation may be unilateral or bilateral, it is asymmetrical and is limited to one lobe of the lung especially lower lobes, focal unilateral presentation is observed in 50% of patients, while only 6%–8% of lung metastases present as diffusely infiltrating pattern. In this case report, we present a case of adenocarcinoma with LC presenting as diffuse parenchymal lung disease which is a rare presentation. A 45-year-old female matchbox industry worker by occupation with no comorbid illness presented with 8-month history of cough with scanty mucoid expectoration and Grade II dyspnea according to the modified Medical Research Council along with history of loss of appetite and weight. CT chest shows parenchymal nodule with spiculated margin in the anterior segment of the upper lobe, nodular thickening of the Broncho vascular interstitium and pleura, diffuse interstitial septal thickening and randomly distributed nodules in all lobes. PET scan showed low grade metabolically active nodule in the anterior segment of the left upper lobe, metabolically active mediastinal, supraclavicular and retrocrural lymph nodes, mild pleural effusion and Low-grade diffuse metabolism was noted in the uterine endometrium. Low-grade diffuse metabolism was noted in the uterine endometrium. Abdominal ultrasound revealed an endometrial thickness of 8 mm. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), visual inspection with lugol's iodine (VILI) and Papanicolaou smear was done which was suggestive of inflammatory smear, and Papanicolaou smear was done and was suggestive of inflammatory smear. Fiber-optic bronchoscopy was done, it was normal, and transbronchial lung biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma lung. The patient was referred to medical oncology, and the first cycle of chemotherapy was started with cisplatin and pemetrexed. Physicians should be aware of pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis from lung adenocarcinoma and consider it in patients with pulmonary symptoms who are unresponsive to antibiotics. Despite establishment of diagnosis with cellular etiology even primary source, the condition is fatal. This rare condition needs to be considered in appropriate clinical settings.
‘Scrotal “Sack” – A Bag of Worms’: Scrotal Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Thakur Shruti , Thakur Suresh Kumar , Jhobta Anupam , Thakur Charu Smita
Published: July 2023

Scrotal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an unusual entity with its own important clinical implications. Described only as a few case reports in medical literature, it not only can cause life-threatening haemorrhage because of its superficial location in the scrotum but also can result in infertility. We report the case of a 35-year-old man who had a progressively increasing scrotal swelling for almost 20 years and now presented for infertility workup. He had oligospermia on semen analysis with a normal testosterone level and no history of testicular infection or scrotal surgery. On scrotal sonography and computed tomography angiography, he was diagnosed to have bilateral scrotal AVMs which may have resulted in his oligospermia. Pre-operative embolisation and surgery was offered as a treatment option which the patient declined and was lost to follow-up. However, this case describes scrotal AVM as an important and possibly correctable cause of infertility. Usually diagnosed as scrotal lymphedema clinically, the case has been reported so that the clinician should be aware of this entity as a plausible cause of male infertility and the treatment could be refined and accelerated.