bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Analysis of Applying Biomass Stove to Produce Hot Water Serving Child Development Center: The Case Study Of Omkoi District, Chiangmai, Thailand
Authors: Chulasak R , Phothachareon W , Sawatdeenarunat C
Published: January 2020

This research aims to perform the techno-economic feasibility of the applied hybrid biomass stove to produce hot water for serving Child Development Center (CDC) in Omkoi District, Chiang Mai, Thailand. The hot water generated from the stove could help to decrease LPG usage and enhance household economics. Many activities in CDC (i.e., children showering during the winter season, cloth washing, and utensils cleaning among others) require hot water to prevent the contamination of harmful germs which could cause many diseases such as diarrhea in young children.  Presently, Asian Development College for Community Economy and Technology, Chiang Mai Rajabhat University (adiCET) has installed the hybrid stove to the in Omkoi district. The biomass stove could generate 90 °C hot water using plant/agriculture waste as the fuel. However, the economical parameters (i.e., Payback Period, Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return) could strengthen the technology. The results from this study could be used as one of the guidelines for policymakers to design the appropriate programs for enhancing the CDC using the waste-to-energy concept.
Anaerobic Digestion of Starch Wastewater: the Effect of pH and Oxidation Reduction Potential on the Reactor Performance
Authors: Sang Zangta , Sawatdeenarunat Chayanon , Suaisom Pitchaya
Published: January 2020

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of starch wastewater for biogas production has been widely installed in Thailand for a decade. Unfortunately, this specific waste stream contains low alkalinity (Alk) and high volatile fatty acids (VFAs) which could easily lead to system instability. The appropriate monitoring indicators could help to decrease chance of reactor failure. The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of the AD system and the effect of operating parameters i.e. oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH on the system in a continuous stirred tank reactor operated in semi-continuous mode at organic loading rate (OLR) of 1.0 kg COD/m3.day.  The temperature was controlled at a mesophilic condition (35±2°C) for the whole experiment. The results showed that the average ORP and pH were -400 ±50 mV and 7.0 ± 0.2, respectively. The average biogas and methane yields were 0.901±0.128 NL/g VS added and 0.528±0.076 NL/g VS added, respectively.  The methane composition was 58.43±4.76 %. The total COD and filtrated COD removal efficiencies were   94.75±1.42% and 97.88±0.53%, respectively. It could be concluded that at the low OLR (i.e. 1.0 kg COD/m3.day), pH and ORP was stable and fell within the recommended range for AD and indicated the stability of the system.
Effect of Variation of Catalyst Concentration in the Producing of Biodiesel from Crude Palm Oil using Induction Heater
Authors: Yunsari Sandhy , Husaini A , Rusdianasari R
Published: January 2020

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines produced by transesterification and esterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with short-chain alcohols such as methanol. The reaction requires a catalyst, which is generally a strong base, thus producing a new chemical compound called methyl ester. One of the most common sources of biodiesel feedstock is CPO (Crude Palm Oil). CPO production in Indonesia is very high at 30.2 million tons in 2016, but CPO prices are low. Biodiesel can be produced using conventional methods, this method is less efficient because of its very slow and inefficient heating resulting from the transfer of energy to materials that depend on the convection currents and the thermal conductivity of the reaction mixture) which causes researchers to use new methods of producing Biodiesel, that is by using induction heating method. An induction heater is a technology that has been applied both in industry and households. The weight of the catalyst used uses variations of 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 1.2; 1.4 %. The analysis showed that for optimal catalyst weight of 1.4%, yield biodiesel of 83.94%, density of 0.875 gr/cm3, the viscosity of 5.78 cSt, and flash point >100 oC. The use of 1.4% catalyst concentration produced biodiesel product that has a high yield and according to SNI 7128: 2015
Effects of Co-substrate Concentrations on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Common Reed and Cow Dung
Authors: Van Tran Giang , Unpaprom Yuwalee , Ramaraj Rameshprabu
Published: January 2020

The biochemical methane potentials for common reed (Phragmites australis) and cow dung from northern Thailand, Chiang Mai city were investigated. This study aims to evaluate optimal parameters for the substrate of common reed and cow dung with different ratios (i.e. 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2) for improving the quality of methane content and biogas production. The effect of the co-substrate mixture was carried out in a batch reactor operated under room temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 45 days. The experiments were conducted in the fermenter with a working volume of 2.5 L and a total volume of 3L. The substrate was containing 15% of total solids (TS) and fermentation at initial pH 7. Biodegradation of substrate stated that chemical oxidation demand (COD) removal was 52.38%, the utilization of volatile solid was 75.46%. The results were achieved at ratio 2:1 (common reed and cow dung) reached the highest methane content and total biogas yield are 70% and 20,015 ml, respectively. Consequently, the results of this study suggested that mixing ratios of influence on the fermentation process and monitoring parameters were significant for further scale up or large-scale design of enriched methane content and biogas production.
The Building a Brand and Participation in Decreased Tackling Haze effects and Particulate matter Less Than 2.5 Micron (PM2.5) A Case Study: A Group of Students of Yupparaj Wittayalai School, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
Authors: Phanphet Suwattanarwong , Jomjunyong Sermkiat , Suttipong Ratanaree , Reungsri Saowaluk , Wangmai Athiwat
Published: January 2020

The haze problem and particulate matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) in Northern Thailand caused by climate change is directly impacted and indirectly impacted people. In the area is affected by the haze problem and particulate matter (PM2.5) the climate change is health effects of population, As reported by “Air Quality and Pollution City Ranking” on 12 March 2019 The world air-quality index in Chiang Mai province, as the ‘Rose of the North’ hit top of the scale as the worst polluted city in the world. The air quality index (AQI) hitting a staggering 271 with a diameter of fewer than 2.5 micrometers ranges from 170 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m³) exceeding the safety standard of 50 µg/m³ or lower. The pollution is nasty in Chiang Mai, North Thailand, therefore it is necessary to create understanding and awareness of the haze problem and particulate matter in Chiang Mai province. This research is conducted by focusing on Mathayomsuksa 1 students include 40 people who are a group of students of Yupparaj Wittayalai School, Chiang Mai province, Thailand by exploring the understanding Organize activities to create awareness and participation in reducing the impact of the haze problem and particulate matter through the system “STEM EDUCATION”. The results of the activity evaluation made it known that students know the effects of haze problem and particulate matter with an average of 4.46 standard deviations equal to 0.59. As for the awareness and participation in reducing the impact of the haze problem and particulate matter through the STEM EDUCATION system, the average value is 3.5, the standard deviation is 0.72. In the overall picture, the mean is 4.18. The standard is 0.65. The level of satisfaction towards training on raising awareness of the haze problem and particulate matter is at a high level. Referring to my previous information, the researcher will develop tools and applications to create awareness and participation in reducing the impact of the haze problem and participate in matter for students in other schools.
Flood risk area assessment in Patong Municipality, Kathu District, Phuket Province, Thailand
Authors: Vongtanaboon S , Hancharoen W , Homya S
Published: January 2020

The objectives of this research were to evaluate risk factors and assess flood risk areas, including analyzing guidelines for flood risk area management in Patong Municipality, Kathu District, Phuket Province. Factors affecting flood were rainfall, slope gradient, soil permeability, land use, and water barrier. Weighting factors and rating factors were indicated and geographic information system for potential surface analysis and overlay analysis were applied. The results revealed that Patong Municipality had high risk area as 2.17 km2 (11.39%). Flood risk area for moderate level accounted for 4.00 km2 (20.99%) and low flood risk area accounted for 12.89 km2 (67.62%). Guidelines for flood risk area management in Patong Municipality should focus on the principles of soil and water conservation, forest restoration and preservation in the upstream area, flow path and stream are management, land use management, ground cover planting to prevent soil erosion and maintain soil moisture.
Capitalistic Transition in Food System and Food consumption in Mae Cham District, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Theingburanathum Poon , Thiengburanathum Pongtip
Published: January 2020

Mae Cham district is located only 156 kilometers from the center for Chiang Mai, but the road trip would take at least 3 hours on the meandering mountains road.  The first dirt road that provides access between Mae Cham in Chiang Mai was completed in 1963.   The result of the road network and access to the global market has both positive and negative impacts on the people pf Mae Cham.  The access to Mae Cham has transformed the food production system in Mae Cham from being self sufficient to becoming a part of the national and international food chain.  The crops on the field have changed from rice to cash crops like animal feed corn and from local vegetables to commercial crops like cabbages, to feed into the national and international food chains.  The consumption of local food has been transformed as well.  The local dishes remain the same, while the added ingredient such as monosodium glutamate, fish sauce, seasoning powders that have increase the chance of high blood pressure, heart disease and diabetes.
The Holistic Components 0f Cattle Production for Solving the Haze In Chiang Mai
Authors: Jomjunyong Sermkiat , Intaruccomporn Wallratat
Published: January 2020

Chiang Mai air pollution has persisted in crisis for more than a decade. This issue continues to exist owing to the government has failed in addressing related policies and/or explicit solutions to cope with adopting carrier of farmers. This research found that farmers are familiar with cattle raising because this has been an important part of the country since ancient times. Therefore, cattle production is not only safe economically but also sound indigenously and ecologically. This research was conducted in Mae Chaem District’s Ban Thab Sub-districts of Chiang Mai, where slash and burn corn has been dominant for maize plantation. Participatory Action Research (PAR) was implemented throughout interviewing and observing to collect data from 14 farmers in the selected area. Then the data was analyzed by the inductive approach and descriptive statistics to identify essential components for the sustainability of cattle production. Results yield by the participants indicate that cattle production is the potential to replace slash and burn for monoculture due to its advantages.
Compensation Management and Employee Motivation of Kunming Haitian Hotel
Authors: Lu Zhang , Kittimanorom Prapatsorn
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate the compensation management, to study employees' motivation of Kunming Haitian Hotel, and to study the relationship of the compensation management and employees' motivation of the Kunming Haitian Hotel. The research instrument was the questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed through frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The sampling of this study was 80 individuals, those gender of female, aged between 26-35 years, graduated with high school, duration of employee 1-5 years, monthly income 3,001-4,500 Yuan. The analytic results of the compensation management and employee motivation of Kunming Haitian Hotel, with mean score of 3.65 was at agreeing to lowest mean scores as follows, the overall was found that the respondents gave importance to level of compensation management was at agreeing, rank first leasers was strategic compensation model, broadband pay model, the comprehensive compensation model was at agree, respectively. In terms of employee motivation, overall the respondents were at agreeing, with a mean score of 3.66. The factors were ranked from highest to lowest mean scores as follows: power, achievement, and affiliation at low level respectively. The results of hypothesis testing showed that the compensation management and employee motivation of the Kunming Haitian Hotel was a strong positive. The statistic significant was .05
PENILAIAN BAHAYA DAN ARAHAN MITIGASI BANJIR DI CEKUNGAN BANDUNG
Authors: Irawan Muhammad Fitrah , Hidayat Yayat , Tjahjono Boedi
Published: January 2020

Banjir di Cekungan Bandung terjadi setiap tahun di wilayah cekungan terendah seperti di Kecamatan Majalaya, Ciparay, Deyeuhkolot, Rancaekek, Bojongsoang, dan Baleendah, Kab. Bandung. Kajian analisis bahaya dan arahan mitigasi banjir merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi risiko dari bencana tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bahaya dan menyusun arahan mitigasi banjir di wilayah Cekungan Bandung. Bahaya banjir diidentifikasi dengan menganalisis daerah bahaya banjir menggunakan Modification Topography Wetness Index (MTWI), sedangkan arahan mitigasi banjir dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan hasil analisis bahaya dengan data penggunaan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 2.36% daerah Cekungan Bandung termasuk kelas bahaya tinggi, 7.15% termasuk bahaya sedang, dan 90.49% termasuk daerah bahaya rendah. Kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan yang rendah juga menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab banjir di Cekungan Bandung. Pada zona prioritas arahan mitigasi banjir dilakukan dengan pembuatan saluran drainase tambahan untuk mengalirkan air dari cekungan terendah. Selain itu, perlu dilakukan pengendalian penggunaan lahan dengan cara penegakan hukum terhadap penggunaan lahan yang tidak sesuai Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) dan dilakukan rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan pada lahan kritis di DAS Citarum Hulu.
SELEKSI DAN IDENTIFIKASI ENDOFIT PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN DARI LIMA VARIETAS TEBU DI PT GUNUNG MADU PLANTATIONS LAMPUNG
Authors: Sitepu Remaja , Wiyono Suiryo , Santosa Dwi Andreas
Published: January 2020

Endofit adalah bakteri atau cendawan yang secara alami berasosiasi dan mengolonisasi jaringan internal tumbuhan tanpa menimbulkan dampak negatif pada inangnya.  Sejumlah endofit bermanfaat bagi tanaman karena berperan sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan  ataupun sebagai pengendali hayati. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyeleksi dan mengidentifikasi endofit yang berpotensi sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan dari lima varietas tebu PT Gunung Madu Plantations Lampung. Sebanyak 82 isolat yang telah lolos dalam uji reaksi hipersensitif dan hemolisis diskrining dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menginokulasikan endofit pada benih padi dan mengevaluasi kecambahnya setelah umur tujuh hari. Isolat yang lolos pada tahap pertama dilanjutkan ke tahap kedua dengan menginokulasikannya pada bibit tebu dalam skala semi lapangan. Pertumbuhannnya tanaman tebu dievaluasi hingga 6 minggu setelah tanam. Sebanyak 9 isolat bakteri dan 9 isolat cendawan terindikasi sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan pada tahap pertama, tetapi hanya dua isolat bakteri dan satu isolat cendawan yang konsisten pada pengujian tahap kedua. Identifikasi molekuler ketiga isolat tersebut dan pencocokan sekuens pada BLAST menunjukkan bahwa isolat N12 yang terisolasi dari akar GMP3 mirip dengan Bacillus safensis 100%, L16 yang terisolasi dari daun GMP3 mirip dengan Domibacillus robiginosus 99%, dan C78 yang terisolasi dari batang PS48 mirip dengan Cladosporium cladosporioides 99%. Ketiga isolat tersebut mampu menghasilkan auksin, sitokinin, and giberelin dengan kecenderungan B. safensis lebih tinggi dibanding dua lainnya.
PENGGUNAAN BIOCHAR DAN DEKOMPOSER DALAM PROSES PENGOMPOSAN LIMBAH KULIT BUAH KAKAO SERTA PENGKAYAAN MIKROB PELARUT FOSFAT (MPF) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PUPUK ORGANIK
Authors: Haryanti Haryanti , Anas Iswandi , Santosa Dwi Andreas , Sasmita Kurnia Dewi
Published: January 2020

Indonesia merupakan penyumbang ketiga pasar kakao dunia. Hal ini menyebabkan limbah padat yang dihasilkan mencapai lebih dari 60% dari total produksi buah. Namun penggunaan limbah kulit buah kakao oleh petani belum optimal. Umumnya petani hanya membuang atau membenamkan saja limbah kulit buah kakao tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu menjadi pupuk organik berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (i) Pengaruh biochar dan dekomposer dalam mempercepat proses pengomposan limbah kulit buah kakao dan memperbaiki kualitas pupuk organik, (ii) Mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF) ke dalam pupuk organik yang berasal dari limbah kulit buah kakao terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao (Theobroma cacao L.).  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai dari September 2014 sampai dengan Agustus 2015. Penelitian tahap pertama dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan faktorial 2 faktor dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan biochar dan dekomposer terhadap percepatan proses pengomposan limbah kulit buah kakao. Perlakuan yang diteliti adalah: (i) Biochar (tanpa biochar dari bobot kering bahan pupuk organik dan biochar 10% dari bobot kering bahan pupuk organik), (ii) Dekomposer (tanpa dekomposer dan dekomposer 100 g kg-1 bahan pupuk organik dengan kerapatan ± 106 SPK ml-1). Penelitian tahap kedua menggunakan rancangan faktorial 3 faktor dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan yang diteliti adalah: (i) Jenis pupuk organik (tanpa pupuk organik, pupuk organik, pupuk organik dan biochar), (ii) Inokulan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF), (tanpa inokulan BPF, inokulan BPF A dan inokulan BPF B), (iii) Dosis pupuk P (tanpa pupuk P, pupuk SP-36 1 g P2O5, pupuk SP-36 2 g P2O5 , dan pupuk fosfat alam 2 g P2O5 ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar dan dekomposer tidak mempercepat proses pengomposan. Pemberian biochar dan dekomposer meningkatkan kadar asam humat. Pemberian fosfat alam 2 g P2O5/2.2 kg BKM meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi bibit kakao. Pemberian pupuk organik dengan biochar atau tanpa biochar pada faktor perlakuan inokulan BPF A dan BPF B meningkatkan secara nyata diameter batang bibit kakao. Pemberian pupuk organik meningkatkan diameter batang, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun bibit kakao, berat kering akar dan berat kering batang bibit kakao.
ALTERNATIF TEKNIK KONSERVASI TANAH DAN AIR UNTUK DAS CILEMER, BANTEN
Authors: Nursari Evi , Rachman Latief Mahir , Baskoro Dwi Putro Tejo
Published: January 2020

Banjir dan kekeringan merupakan persoalan rutin yang terjadi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Cilemer karena kualitasnya menurun. Penerapan Konservasi Tanah dan Air (KTA) merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas DAS Cilemer. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan beberapa teknik KTA, mendapatkan alternatif teknologi KTA, dan menyusun arahan pengelolaan DAS yang baik. Penelitian dilaksanakan kedalam beberapa tahap yaitu: (i) pengumpulan data sekunder, (ii) survei lapang (pengumpulan data primer), (iii) analisis data, (iv) running model SWAT, (v) simulasi KTA dengan model SWAT, (vi) skenario pengelolaan DAS, serta (vii) penyusunan arahan pengelolaan DAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan KTA dapat memperbaiki kualitas DAS yang ditandai dengan menurunnya rasio Qmax/Qmin dan aliran permukaan langsung serta meningkatnya aliran dasar dan water yield. Strip cropping, agroforestry dan embung dapat dijadikan alternatif teknologi KTA yang dapat diimplementasikan secara simultan di DAS Cilemer pada sub agroekosistem dimana teknologi tersebut sesuai untuk diterapkan. Embung adalah skenario pengelolaan DAS terbaik, yang mampu menurunkan aliran permukaan langsung sebesar 29.24%, koefisien aliran tahunan menurun dari 0.25 menjadi 0.17, meningkatkan aliran dasar sebesar 46.00% dan hasil air sebesar 3.99%.
MITIGASI BANJIR DAS CITARUM HULU BERBASIS MODEL HEC-HMS
Authors: Listyarini Diah , Hidayat Yayat , Tjahjono Boedi
Published: January 2020

Banjir yang terjadi hampir setiap tahun di DAS Citarum Hulu menyebabkan DAS ini menjadi sorotan oleh berbagai pihak. Pemodelan hidrologi merupakan salah satu teknik mitigasi banjir untuk memprediksi debit banjir di daerah aliran sungai. Model HEC-HMS dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk prediksi debit banjir di suatu DAS, terutama untuk menghitung hujan-runoff yang tidak terukur. Model HEC-HMS terdiri dari curah hujan dan karakteristik sebagai input serta debit aliran dan volume runoff sebagai output. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (i) untuk memprediksi debit puncak di DAS Citarum Hulu; (ii) melakukan analisis terhadap debit banjir menggunakan simulasi model HEC-HMS; dan (iii) memberi rekomendasi skenario mitigasi banjir untuk mengurangi debit puncak di DAS Citarum Hulu. Persiapan parameter utama untuk input model HEC-HMS dihitung dengan menggunakan extention HEC-GeoHMS dengan metode SCS. Debit banjir yang dihitung pada model HEC-HMS menggunakan metode SCS-UH pada komponen transform, metode recession pada komponen baseflow, dan metode lag pada komponen routing. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model HEC-HMS memiliki performance yang baik dalam memprediksi debit banjir dengan nilai R2 dan NSE pada proses kalibrasi berturut-turut sebesar 0.81-0.96 dan 0.56-0.87. Pada proses validasi dalam memprediksi debit banjir menghasilkan nilai R2 dan NSE masing-masing sebesar 0.81-0.94 dan 0.45-0.76. Skenario 4 merupakan skenario mitigasi banjir yang dapat diimplementasikan dalam penurunan debit banjir hingga 61.96%, meningkatkan time to peak hingga 3.75 jam dan mengurangi volume debit aliran hingga 49.58%.
KARAKTERISTIK HIDROLOGI TANAH DI BAWAH TEGAKAN PINUS (Pinus merkusii), MERAWAN (Hopea odorata Roxb) DAN MAHONI UGANDA (Khaya anthoteca)
Authors: Qalbi Andria Harfani , Tarigan Suria Darma , Wahjunie Enni Dwi , Baskoro Dwi Putro Tejo
Published: January 2020

Kerusakan hutan dapat mempengaruhi fungsi hidrologi hutan sebagai pengatur tata air, menjaga waktu dan penyebaran aliran air sungai, menjaga iklim mikro, dan melindungi daerah di bawahnya dari berbagai bencana seperti banjir. Penanaman pohon kembali dinilai merupakan salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki kondisi hutan dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji karakteristik hidrologi tanah di bawah tegakan tanaman Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Mahoni Uganda (Khaya anthoteca), dan Merawan (Hopea odorata Roxb). Metoda yang digunakan adalah pengukuran sifat-sifat fisik tanah secara periodik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan karakterisitik kadar air, infiltrasi dan permeabilitas pada berbagai tegakan pohon. Perubahan kadar air tertinggi terjadi pada tanah di bawah Pinus sebesar 3.05%, Merawan sebesar 2.40%, dan terendah pada Mahoni Uganda sebesar 1.89% pada kedalaman tanah yang sama. Infiltrasi tertinggi sebesar 116.25 cm jam-1 di bawah tegakan Pinus, terendah 24 cm jam-1 di bawah tegakan Merawan. Permeabilitas tertinggi sebesar 13.27 cm jam-1 di bawah tegakan Pinus, terendah di bawah tegakan merawan sebesar 2.72 cm jam-1. Tekstur tanah relatif sama pada masing-masing tegakan yakni didominasi oleh liat. Tanah di bawah tegakan tanaman Pinus, Merawan dan Mahoni Uganda termasuk kelompok hidrologi tanah B.
Monitoring Stabilitas Transien Pada Sistem Tenaga Listrik
Authors: Hardani Dian Nova Kusuma , Triyanda Abi Aditya , Winarso Winarso
Published: January 2020

Kebutuhan listrik pada saat ini merupakan kebutuhan primer bagi masyarakat Indonesia, sehingga kualitas energi listrik yang baik harus dipenuhi. Perubahan beban yang bervariatif dapat berdampak pada kestabilan sistem. Jika terjadi peristiwa beban berlebih atau gangguan maka harus dilakukan pelepasan beban agar system tetap stabil. Peristiwa alih hubung pada rangkaian listrik dapat menyebabkan adanya sentakan tegangan dan arus yang disebut dengan arus transien. Pada penelitian ini, analisis perhitungan dan simulasi lepasnya pembebanan di Gardu Induk menggunakan perangkat lunak ETAP. Hal ini berguna untuk mengetahui seberapa stabil transien yang muncul akibat adanya pelepasan beban dan jumlah kerugian yang diakibatkan oleh gangguan tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut diperoleh tegangan pulih akibat transien sekitar 3 detik setelah terjadi pelepasan salah satu power grid Gardu Induk Kalibakal kemudian sekitar 0,2 detik saat pelepasan beban di feeder 11 dan 14. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kestabilan transien pada sistem tenaga listrik di Gardu Induk Kalibakal masih dalam kondisi baik.
Kebijakan Proteksi Anak Jalanan di Kota Yogyakarta Menurut Perspektif Maqasid Syariah
Authors: Ummatin Khoirul
Published: January 2020

The problem of street children is a social problem that often occurs in urban areas. We may often meet many children who are on the streets. Such a scene is influenced by a number of factors that cause children to suffer in life on the streets, such as family financial difficulties or pressure from poverty, parental disharmony, and special problems regarding the relationship between children and parents. The existence of street children is often a problem for various parties both from family, community and government. In overcoming the problem, the Yogyakarta city government contributed to provide a solution by issuing regional regulations related to the handling of street children, the regulation considers many aspects such as replacing repressive approaches or forced withdrawal then becoming a humane (persuasive) approach to achieving mutual prosperity. By referring to these objectives, it is appropriate to implement a policy that needs to be based on the concept of maqasid sharia which is a study of Islamic law in establishing a law that must be accompanied by goals which are shar'i (human benefit).
Tinjauan Maqashid Syari�ah Terhadap Pandangan Ulama Mengenai Ruislagh
Authors: Abdoeh Nor Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Wakaf merupakan bagian dari ajaran agama Islam yang betujuan untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan umum. Melihat kenyataan di lapangan terkadang harta yang diwakafkan tidak sesuai dengan tujuan wakaf, bahkan ironisnya harta wakaf terbengkalai. Melihat fenomena demikian sebagai Nadzir yang diberi mandat untuk� mengelola harta wakaf harus memberikan solusi yang kongkrit dan maslahah. Tidak sedikit ruislagh menjadi solusi akhir bagi harta benda wakaf yang tidak lagi memberikan manfaat. Adapun rumusan masalahnya, Bagaimana pandangan ulama terhadap ruislagh? Bagaimana maqasidu syari�ah memandang keperbedaan pandangan dalam hal ruislagh? Pendekatan penelitian ini dengan pendekatan normatif, yaitu dengan mendekati masalah yang diteliti dengan melihat apakah hal itu sesuai menurut norma yang berlaku dan sudah sesuai dengan asas hukum Islam yaitu kemaslahatan. Kesimpulan dalam tulisan ini bahwa hakekatnya ruislagh diperbolehkan ketika dalam keadaan darurat dan tujuan ruislagh semata-mata untuk melindungi harta benda wakaf agar pentasarufannya sesuai dengan tujuan wakaf.
Mitsaqan Ghalidza di Era Disrupsi (Studi Perceraian Sebab Media Sosial)
Authors: Amri M. Saeful
Published: January 2020

Artikel ini membahas tentang Mi?aqan Gali?a sebagai asas perkawinan dalam Islam yang di era modern kesakralannya memudar, terdisrupsi atau bahkan tidak diketahui sama sekali oleh masing-masing pasangan suami istri. Sehingga banyak pernikahan yang dilaksanakan sesuai syariat Islam namun esensi ajarannya ditinggalkan. Akibatnya angka perceraian terus meningkat dikalangan keluarga muslim di Indonesia dan salah satu pemicu sebab terjadinya perceraian tersebut adalah karena media sosial. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-analitik yakni mendeskripsikan fakta-fakta perceraian yang terjadi saat ini (Era disrupsi) dikalangan keluarga muslim di Indonesia, kemudian dianalisis mengapa fenomena ini bisa terjadi ditinjau dari perspektif Mi?aqan Gali?a sebagai asas perkawinan dalam Islam. Hasil kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tingginya angka perceraian sebab perselingkuhan di media sosial adalah karena beberapa hal: 1) pergeseran budaya yang semakin terbuka; 2) menurunnya makna dan nilai perkawinan dan 2) minimnya pemahaman agama.
Implementasi Pendistribusian Wakaf Tunai Sebagai Penunjang Usaha Kecil Menengah di Badan Wakaf Uang & Badan Wakaf Tunai MUI Yogyakarta
Authors: Zahro' Khurun'in , Jamal Mulyono , Arroisi Jarman , Agustin Nia Puji
Published: January 2020

The number of poor people in Indonesia has continued to increase since the economic crisis in 1997 to the present. Population growth below the poverty line is not due to the problem of natural wealth that is not balanced with the population, but is caused by problems of income distribution and unfair economic access. Optimization of Islamic financial resources can be applied to reduce poverty levels. The distribution of cash waqf funds has an important role as one of the capital in developing the economy. Cash Waqf is also able to have a good impact on poverty alleviation. This study aims to determine the implementation of the distribution of cash waqf as supporting the improvement of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This study uses qualitative methods by using a field survey research design. The results of this study conclude that the implementation of the distribution of good and directed cash waqf can increase mauquf alaihi income and can support the development of SMEs so that it is more productive.
The Influence of Waqf Distribution and Promotion on Community Trust (Case Study: Tabung Wakaf Indonesia)
Authors: Yurista Dina Yustisi , Ardi Mohammad Noviani
Published: January 2020

Waqf is a potential source of funds to overcome social problems, but most poverty reduction programmes rely on foreign credit, especially from the World Bank. In this case, the development of a waqf by a nadzir can be an alternative source of funding in the general economic empowerment, which is supported by society�s trust in waqf institutions. Therefore, this study is conducted to identify the factors that determine public trust and to examine the influence of waqf distribution and promotion on society trust in waqf funds managed by Tabung Wakaf Indonesia. This paper used quantitative methods and utilized primary data through direct surveys with questionnaires were collected and analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings reveal that promotion and distribution have significant relationships with society trust. In addition, this study indicates that distribution has the greater impact than promotion on influencing society trust in waqf management. The findings nevertheless give a wide understanding of the concept of public trust and its antecedent in the context of Tabung Wakaf Indonesia.
Kysymyksiä fiktion ja tosiperäisen matkakertomuksen suhteesta ranskalaisessa 1800-luvun matkakirjallisuudessa
Authors: Mikkonen Kai
Published: January 2020

Todellisiin matkoihin perustuvan matkakirjallisuuden ja sepitteellisen matkakertomuksen tai -päiväkirjan raja on kautta historian ollut varsin huokoinen vuorovaikutuksen alue. Tutkimusmatkakuvaukset vaikuttivat modernin romaanin henkilökohtaisen kerronnan kehittymiseen 1700-luvulla. Matkakirjojen kaukaiset ja vieraat miljööt myös inspiroivat romaanikirjailijoita paikkavalinnoissa ja ympäristön kuvauksessa. Toisaalta moderni matkakirjallisuus on jatkuvasti ammentanut sepitteestä: esimerkiksi Saharan eteläpuolisessa Afrikassa 1900-luvun alussa matkaavien eurooppalaisten kirjailijoiden matkakuvauksissa on runsaasti viittauksia romaaneihin, satuihin ja myytteihin. Näissä yhteyksissä yhtä lailla Macbethin Skotlanti kuin Liisa Ihmemaassa voivat toimia koetun todellisuuden vertauskohtana. Fiktio on inspiroinut matkakirjallisuutta myös puheen ja ajattelun esittämisessä. Hyvin pitkässä historiallisessa perspektiivissä tosiperäisen matkakuvauksen ja fiktion ero saattaa myös vähitellen hämärtyä perustavanlaatuisemmalla tasolla. Erityisesti suuret muutokset maailmaa, sen paikkoja ja ihmisiä koskevissa käsityksissä, uskomuksissa ja tiedoissa ovat johtaneet siihen, että tietyt tosina pidetyt asiat vaikkapa Herodotoksen Historiateoksessa tai Marcon Polon tai John Mandevillen matkoissa eivät sitä enää ole.
Onkolojik Tedavi Sürecinde Kanserli Çocuklar ve Ebeveynlerinin Nutrisyon Konusundaki Bilgi, Farkındalık ve Beklentilerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİRSOY Uğur
Published: January 2020

Amaç: Kanserli
çocuklarda malnütrisyonun tedavi başarısı dahil birçok parametreyi olumsuz
etkilediği saptanmıştır. Bu çalışmada kanser tanısıyla kemoterapi almakta olan
çocuklar ve ebeveynlerinin tedavi sürecinde beslenme ve ‘Güvenli Gıda Diyeti’
konusundaki farkındalık, bilgi ve deneyimleri araştırıldı.

Yöntem: Kocaeli
Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Onkoloji Bölümü’nde kanser tanı ve tedavisi
alan 8 yaşın üzerindeki hastalar ve ebeveynlerine anket çalışması uygulandı.
Ebeveyn anketi 19 soru, çocuk anketi 13 soru içermekteydi. Soruların bir kısmı
‘evet/hayır/fikrim yok’ yanıtlarını, diğerleri ise çoktan seçmeli yanıtlar
içeriyordu.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya
101 gönüllü (42 hasta çocuk/59 ebeveyn) katıldı. En sık tanılar Hodgkin lenfoma
(n=14, %33,3), non-Hodgkin lenfoma (n=8, %19) ve kemik-yumuşak doku
sarkomlarıydı (n=8, %19). Hastaların 23’ü (%54,8) kanser tedavisi sürecinde
beslenme sorunu yaşadığını düşünüyor ve bu hastaların 4’üne (%17,4) parenteral
beslenme (PB) uygulanıyordu. Hastaların 2’si (%4,8) enteral yolla (gastrostomi
ve nazogastrik tüp), 4’ü (%9,6) parenteral yolla beslenmişti. Yirmi üç ebeveyn
(%43) çocuklarına oral beslenme ürünleri (OBÜ) kullandığını belirtti. Hastalara
göre oral beslenme ürünlerinin en beğenilmeyen 2 özelliği tadının kötü olması
(n=10, %23,8) ve bulantı etkisiydi (n=5, %11,9). Hastalar ve ebeveynleri
ağızdan beslenmenin mümkün olmadığı durumlarda ilk olarak PB’yi seçmişlerdi
(n=16, %38,1 ve n=29, %49,2).

Sonuç: Kanser
tedavisi alan çocuklarda oral beslenme desteklenmelidir. Oral beslenmenin
mümkün olmadığı hastalarda diğer enteral beslenme yollarının parenteral yola
tercih ve tavsiye edilmesi önerilir.
Percepção clínica, ética e legal de acadêmicos de Odontologia sobre gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde
Authors: Da Silva Daylana Pacheco , De Sousa Maysa Luna , Sipaúba Graciela Maria Oliveira , De Moura Mariá Soares Leal , Valente Valdimar Da Silva , De Moura Carmem Dolores Vilarinho Soares
Published: January 2020

O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a percepção clínica, ética e legal de acadêmicos do curso de Odontologia sobre o gerenciamento de Resíduos em Serviços de Saúde (RSS). O estudo foi do tipo observacional transversal, com amostragem censitária de acadêmicos do 8º(n=23) e 9º(n=18) períodos. No questionário aplicado abordou-se o processo de produção, manuseio e descarte dos RSS, no que concerne ao gerenciamento, legislação e questões éticas. Os dados foram organizados em planilhas e interpretados por meio de análise descritiva. Sobre as normas vigentes para o gerenciamento de RSS, 82,9% e 95,1% dos estudantes afirmaram desconhecer o tratamento/disposição final e regulamento técnico para o gerenciamento de RSS, respectivamente. Em relação ao Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (PGRSS), 85,4% não conhecem o Código Penal e 87,8% não estão familiarizados com o Código Civil. Além de disso, a maioria dos entrevistados desconhecem as Normas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (75,6%) e as Resoluções do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (82,9%) e da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (95,1%). Por outro lado, 73,2% afirmam conhecer os direitos e deveres do cirurgião-dentista, presentes no Código de Ética Odontológica. Quanto à classificação dos resíduos produzidos em ambiente odontológico, 95,1% responderam corretamente sobre o hipoclorito de sódio e 97,6% sobre os roletes de algodão e gaze com sangue. Portanto, foi possível concluir que existe conhecimento satisfatório sobre os aspectos clínicos e éticos, entretanto insuficiente quanto às legislações vigentes no Brasil.
Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA) dan Bahasa Inggris: Meninjau Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah dalam Menghadapi MEA
Authors: Syafitri Widya
Published: January 2020

ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) has been popular since 2016. Therefore, many preparations have already been done by all sectors to makeup this free market. Europe Economic Community has preceeded the famous of AEC. Thus, related to readiness, this article aimed at finding out the alertness that the third semester of Syariah Banking students of IAIN Bukittinggi have already prepared, especially their English ability to struggle with other country in ASEAN. The data of this research was gotten and analyzed quantitatively, by distributing questionnaire to the third semester of Syariah Banking students of IAIN Bukittinggi. The finding showed that the students had not been able to compete with other nations in ASEAN country since English did not become the important lesson for them and it was strengthen the curriculum of syariah banking does support students’ opportunity to learn English more.

 

Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean (MEA) sudah booming dari awal tahun 2016 yang lalu. Sehingga sudah banyak persiapan yang dilakukan oleh semua sektor untuk menghadapi pasar bebas ini.  Ketenaran istilah ini sebelumnya telah didahului oleh pasar bebas di Eropa atau lebih dikenal  Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa (MEE). Terkait dengan persiapan, maka tulisan bertujuan untuk melihat persiapan yang telah dilakukan oleh mahasiswa semester III Perbankan Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi, khususnya tentang kemampuan bahasa Inggris mereka dalam rangka kesiapan mahasiswa dalam bersaing dengan bangsa yang ada di ASEAN. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dan diolah secara kuantitatif, yaitu dengan menyebarkan angket kepada mahasiswa semester III Perbankan Syariah IAIN Bukittinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan bahasa Inggris mahasiswa Perbankan Syariah belum mampu bersaing dengan bangsa lain yang tercakup dalam negara ASEAN.
Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok untuk Pencegahan Paham Radikalisme di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Sari Intan
Published: January 2020

During the transition of the identity crisis, young people are likely to experience cognitive opening that makes them vulnerable to new, more radical ideas. Seeing this condition, Islamic Higher Education has an important role in preventing radicalism in students at Islamic Higher Education. Students need assistance and understanding so that they do not easily fall prey to radical movements, including through group counseling activities. In group guidance activities, group activities and dynamics must be realized to discuss various things that are useful for the development and problem solving of individuals (students) who become service participants. Group guidance activity aims to add insight into the knowledge skills, values , and attitudes of group members regarding the prevention of radicalism. This paper used a study of literature method, it is collecting various reading materials and information related to the phenomena and studies discussed. Based on the studies that have been carried out, it can be concluded that through the dynamics of groups that are actively predicted, it can increase the activity and participation of group members (students) in analyzing and understanding Islamic ideas that are rahmatan lilalamin, tolerance, not fanatical towards certain groups, and strengthening nationalism.
The Role of Public Sphere According to Jurgen Habermas’s Perspective for Multicultural Societies in the Indonesian Context
Authors: Prasutomo Engki , Wijaya Hengki , Weismann Ivan Th. J.
Published: January 2020

This paper explains the role of the public sphere based on Jurgen Habermas’s concept and analyzes its relevance for multicultural societies in the Indonesian Context. The public sphere exists to present democracy, tolerance, friendship, inclusivism in diversity, unity in diversity, and education. Indonesia is a country that reflects multiculturalism, can realize peace and unity within a multicultural frame. This article was developed using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. This paper explains the role of public space based on Jurgen Habermas for interdisciplinary scholarship and its relevance. His findings show Jurgen Habermas's approach through the public sphere can bring about unity and peace in all aspects of life, including differences in beliefs and multicultural contexts.
NIKAH SUBARANG AYIE VERSUS NIKAH SYARIAH KONTESTASI SIMBOLIK BERAGAMA YANG TERKALAHKAN DI LIMA PULUH KOTA SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Alfin Aidil , Rahman Ali
Published: January 2020

Pernikahan Subarang Ayie is a marriage that is held across the river in Lareh Sago Halaban District in which the marriage is doing illegally or siri, without any binding administration. The marriage is not carried out in accordance with applicable legal and statutory procedures. The practice of this marriage has been going on for a very long time and has been assisted by the prelude actor who carries out his position as a prince in marriage but did his practice in silence. There are several negative impacts as a result of this marriage, including the loss of children's rights, lose the acknowledgment of man’s responsibilities, the susceptive of underage marriages, the susceptible to divorce, the occurrence of marital sanctification and so on. These conditions give bad impacts on society. This kind of marriage across the river should get attention and removal in the order it is no longer happen.
PENGUATAN KAPASITAS PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI STEAKHOLDER DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KORBAN BENCANA BANJIR DI PANGKALAN
Authors: Suyito Suyito , Meldianto Redni Putri , Annisa Siti , Prima Tesi
Published: January 2020

This article examines the fulfillment of women's rights in disaster situations that occur in Pangkalan Koto Baru District. The flood disasters occurred in the study area had an impact on women and men, especially when in refugee camps when the disaster occurred. Stakeholders as the ones who is responsible for handling problems in this refugee camp should be professional person in handling people based on gender and age. This has become very important act because women are included in vulnerable groups and require special treatment on emergency. It turns out that women are more vulnerable groups as victims of disasters than men. Based on these conditions, women need variety of strengths dealing with disasters, in order to rise from the threats as the impact of the disaster. The strengthening capacity of women was related to the strengthening of economic, psychological, and mentality. It was done to fulfill the women's rights when disasters happen and its impacts.
ALIX protein analysis: storage temperature may impair results
Authors: Vanessa Lopes-Rodrigues , Cristina P. R. Xavier , Diana Sousa , Hugo Osório , Yehuda G. Assaraf , Raquel T. Lima , M. Helena Vasconcelos
Published: January 2020

ALIX [ALG-2 (apoptosis-linked gene 2)-interacting protein X] is one of the most well-known molecular biomarkers of extracellular vesicles. Extracellular vesicles are very small vesicles released by most cells and carry in their cargo components from the donor cells, thus being potent vehicles of intercellular (horizontal) communication, influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and donor cells. The increasing interest in extracellular vesicles highlights the key importance of a reliable analysis of this protein. However, several recent studies in the extracellular vesicles field have shown discrepancies in terms of the expression pattern of apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X upon Western blot analysis, differing from the theoretical expression pattern of apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X and its predicted molecular mass. Therefore, to address and clarify this point, we analyzed total protein cell lysates from a chronic myeloid leukemia cell line (K562) for the expression of apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X by Western blot and mass spectrometry analyses, using protein samples stored at different conditions regarding freezing temperature and storage time. We found that, when stored at -20 ºC, a C-terminal specific proteolytic cleavage of apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X may occur, which depends on the length of storage time. We conclude that analysis of apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X protein expression should be only carried out when using a wide range of protease inhibitors during isolation of protein cell extract, while preferentially using fresh protein cell extracts or samples that were snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ºC. The current study highlights the importance of proper handling and storage of protein cell lysates for downstream applications in pre-clinical or clinical studies.
Naphthol-derived Betti bases as potential SLC6A14 blockers
Authors: Adrián Puerta , Alexis R. Galán , Roderick Abdilla , Kaylie Demanuele , Miguel X. Fernandes , Giovanna Bosica , José M. Padrón
Published: January 2020

Betti bases (aminobenzylnaphthols) have not been studied extensively to explore their possible pharmacological applications. Our group prepared a small and focused library of twenty-three Betti bases from the multicomponent reaction of 2-naphthol with primary or secondary cyclic amines and representative aromatic aldehydes. The compounds were prepared in 52-90% yield using environmentally friendly procedures. The E-factor and the atom economy for our process were 3.92 and 94%, respectively. The study of the anti-proliferative activity against human solid tumor cell lines pointed out that these Betti bases represent privileged scaffolds and could be used for the development of pharmacologically-active compounds in cancer therapeutics. The 50% growth inhibitory (GI50) values of the most potent compounds were in the low micromolar range. Fourteen of these Betti bases were less active in HBL-100 breast cancer cells than towards the breast cancer cell line T-47D. A subset of these Betti bases was further tested against the human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-453. The results indicated a correlation in the sensitivity of T-47D cells to Betti bases. We explored computationally the interaction of the Betti bases with SLC6A14, a Na+- and Cl-- dependent influx transporter of both neutral and cationic amino acids that is overexpressed in T-47D cells. SLC6A14 is inhibited by α-methyl-tryptophan, which blocks cell growth via deprivation of amino acid influx. The docking studies indicated that our Betti bases might behave as tryptophan mimetics, blocking this solute carrier transporter and inducing the anti-proliferative effects. Importantly, these Betti bases showed good cytotoxic selectivity towards cancer cells with no activity against normal human fibroblast cells BJ-hTERT.
History of the Museum and Archives of the Jewish Historical and Ethnographic Society after October 1917
Authors: Serheyeva Iryna
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the history of the collection of the Museum and Archive of the Jewish Historical and Ethnographic Society (St. Petersburg, 1908–1930) in the period after October 1917 until the early 1990s.On the basis of a significant number of archival documents stored in different countries of Europe and the United States, published sources and scientific research,the author reveals historical events related to the
collections, reconstructs the composition and content of the collections, and the future
of the museum and archival collections, if possible.