bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pola Harga Saham dengan Modifikasi Metode Eksponen Hurst dan Box Counting
Authors: Kosala Kosala Dwidja Purnomo , Irma Dwi Anggraeni  , Abduh Riski
Published: December 2023

Pola harga saham merupakan interpretasi dari grafik harga saham dengan rentang waktu tertentu. Pola dinamika dari harga saham penting untuk diketahui karena sejatinya seorang investor melakukan investasi mengharapkan imbalan (return) tinggi dengan risiko rendah. Pola dinamika harga saham dapat diketahui melalui analisis dimensi fraktal karena grafik harga saham memiliki sifat self-affine yang merupakan salah satu sifat dari objek fraktal. Pada penelitian ini dimensi fraktal akan dianalisis menggunakan modifikasi metode eksponen Hurst dan box counting. Klasifikasi dari hasil perhitungan dibedakan atas tiga jenis berdasarkan sifatnya, yaitu random, persistent, dan anti-persistent. Terdapat dua interval data yang diamati yaitu harga saham dari Januari  sampai Desember  ( data) dan harga saham dari bulan Januari  sampai Juni  ( data). Nilai eksponen Hurst yang dihasilkan dari kedua interval secara berurutan yaitu  dan . Berdasarkan nilai eksponen Hurst yang dihasilkan menunjukkan bahwa data bersifat anti-persistent karena nilai . Kemudian nilai dimensi fraktal yang diperoleh dari penerapan metode box counting yaitu  dan  yang artinya pola harga saham Bank Rakyat Indonesia bersifat anti-persistent. Pola data bersifat anti-persistent yang berarti pada bulan-bulan tertentu saham memiliki harga yang tinggi dan pada bulan-bulan berikutnya saham memiliki harga yang rendah untuk diperjualbelikan.
Penerapan Algoritma K-Means Clustering untuk Mengelompokkan Kecamatan di Kabupaten Grobogan Menurut Tingkat Kesejahteraan Keluarga Tahun 2020
Authors: Nugrahaini Asa , Rahmadi Yotenka
Published: December 2023

Kesejahteraan keluarga adalah keadaan di mana kebutuhan dasar, sosial, dan perkembangan keluarga terpenuhi secara maksimal. Kabupaten Grobogan memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga yang berbeda-beda di setiap kecamatannya. Berbagai upaya dilakukan oleh pemerintah di Kabupaten Grobogan untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah yang berkaitan dengan kesejahteraan keluarga, mulai dari penyaluran bantuan dalam bentuk bantuan konsumtif hingga bantuan yang lebih produktif, namun seringkali terkendala masalah distribusi. Dengan menggunakan analisis k-means clustering, 19 kecamatan di Kabupaten Grobogan diklasifikasi dan ditentukan karakteristiknya guna membantu pemerintah dalam melaksanakan kebijakan yang berkaitan dengan masalah kesejahteraan keluarga di setiap kecamatan. Ada dua kelompok berbeda yang diidentifikasi dalam penelitian ini. Kecamatan pada kelompok 1 memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga yang tinggi untuk keluarga tahap I, II, III, dan III+. Sementara itu kelompok 2 memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga rendah untuk keluarga tahap I, II, III, dan III+.
Perbandingan Metode Peramalan Double Exponential Smoothing with Damped Parameter dan Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (Studi Kasus: Data Volume Penjualan Bunga Krisan di Pasar Bunga Rawa Belong DKI Jakarta Tahun 2018-2022)
Authors: Maulidiyah Wildatul , Fauzy Akhmad
Published: December 2023

Florikultura merupakan jenis tanaman hortikultura yang berasal dari tanaman hias dengan berbagai jenis tanaman hias yakni salah satunya bunga krisan. Tingginya permintaan tanaman hias pada bunga krisan tentunya akan memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap volume penjualan sehingga omzet penjualan akan meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi volume penjualan dari bunga krisan di Pasar Bunga Rawa Belong selama 12 periode ke depan dengan menggunakan metode terbaik. Manfaat penelitian ini ialah dapat dijadikan sebagai gambaran mengenai penjualan bunga krisan Cipanas di Pasar Rawa Belong pada 12 bulan kedepan sehingga dapat dijadikan referensi untuk mencari tindakan dalam menangani naik turunnya volume penjualan bunga krisan di Pasar Bunga Rawa Belong DKI Jakarta. Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yang berasal dari UPT Pasar Bunga Rawa Belong DKI Jakarta Dimana data ini memiliki satuan ikat dari bunga krisan Cipanas. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis forecasting terbaik dengan melakukan perbandingan antara metode Double Exponential Smoothing with Damped Parameter dan Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan metode peramalan untuk melakukan peramalan yakni dengan menggunakan metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average dengan model terbaik ARIMA(1,1,0) yang memiliki nilai ukuran kesalahan sebesar 22.21544. Dari hasil forecasting mengenai volume penjualan berkisar sebanyak 1749-1774 ikat bunga yang mengalami fluktuatif pada setiap bulannya
Some aspects of probability on finite quasigroups
Authors: Yashunsky Alexey Dmitrievich
Published: December 2023

We consider transformations of independent random variables by quasigroup operations. We explore the role of non-uniformity measures in the proof of convergence to uniformity and the estimation of convergence rate. We suggest a non-uniformity measure that allows an elementary proof of exponential convergence rate. The results on convergence rate are juxtaposed with known results on transformations of random variables in finited groups.
MAIN ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LAW ON WASTE MANAGEMENT IN EUROPEAN LEGISLATION
Authors: Brusentseva Tetiana , Korolova Natalia , Nіmets Natalia , Tsapko Nataliia
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the main aspects of the implementation of the Law of Ukraine «On Waste Management» adopted on July 9, 2023, which launches waste management reform and approximates Ukrainian legislation to EU legislation. A list of key innovations of this law is provided. The introduction and application of the List of Waste and the Procedure for Waste classification adopted by this law are analyzed. A list of normative legal acts aimed at implementing the provisions of the framework Law «OnWaste Management» is provided. The article provides examples of the hierarchy of the structure of global waste and the classification-identification of waste management in some countries of the world and Ukraine. The Law of Ukraine "On Waste Management" brings our legislation closer to the EU legislation, and also initiates the reform of waste management. The Framework Law "On Waste Management" implements the basic principles of waste management into our legislation in the context of the European integration movement of Ukraine, but it cannot solve all urgent issues at the same time.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF NON-STATIONARY HEAT PROCESSES IN THE GROUND HEAT PUMP SYSTEM
Authors: Denysova Alla , Ivanov Pavlo
Published: December 2023

In the work, an analytical study of the efficiency of heat pumps using soil energy for heating, taking into account the climatic conditions of theregion of operation, is performed, which meets the tasks of energy saving and allows reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment. The main attention is paid to increasing the efficiency of utilization of the technical potential of the soil energy source by the heat pump system using vertical soil heat exchangers. A methodology based on use of the mathematical modeling apparatus as a scientifically based toolkit for calculating non-stationary thermal processes, capable of ensuring the stability and reliability of the ground heat pump system in the short and long term, is proposed. The developed toolkit for calculation and analysis of heat exchange processes allows determining the power of the heat flow, which is removed from the soil, taking into account changes in climatic factors, temperature distribution in the soil around the soil tube and along its length over time, schematic and structural features of the soil tubes for further optimization of the parameters of the heat pump system . It was established that the power of the heat flow, which enters the evaporator of the heat pump from vertical soil pipes, depends on a number of influencing factors: the flow regime of the working fluid circulating in the soil circuit; physical properties of the working body; number of soil heat exchangers; temperature distribution in the soil around the soil tube along its entire length, which changes significantly during long-term operation of the system, affecting the course of heat exchange processes in the system elements. The proposed method makes it possible to perform numerical modeling of thermal processes in the elements of the heat pump, to determine the energy efficiency of the ground heat pump system, which is able to reliably provide consumers with heat during a long period of operation, which can be considered an innovative approach to the analysis of prospects for the development of heat pump heat supply.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Bukhkalo Svіtlana , Ageicheva Anna , Belyanskiy Oleksandr , Rozhenko Inesa , Abakumov Andrii
Published: December 2023

The importance of teaching students foreign languages at higher educational institutions by innovating study methods is discussed.Main innovative approaches were studied. The usage of cases and projects in classes are unified. It is discussed that innovative approaches promotes the development of language skills, the second purpose of working with innovative methodology is a communicative practice. Possible innovative approaches are described in the article. Innovative approaches to foreign language teaching skills is described in the article. It was determined that the systematic usage of the innovative approaches improves language competence and formats necessary skills. The use of various methods and techniques of active learning arouses students' interest in the educational and cognitive activity itself, which enables creating an atmosphere of motivated, creative learning and atthe same time solving a whole range of educational, educational, developmental tasks.
ESTIMATION OF PROBABILISTIC AND STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INFORMATIONAL STATE OF A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
Authors: Кrylova Viktoriia , Kotko Roman
Published: December 2023

The methods for determining the informational state of a communication channel based on the assessment of probabilistic and statistical characteristics of errors at the channel output are presented. Adaptive information protection methods in digital communication systems, where encoder parameters change depending on the channel state, require the use of network quality control methods based on determining the statistical characteristics of the channel. It is shown that the bit error probability in the channel is constant for the presented error generation process and is independent of the method of dividing information into code blocks. The methods for assessing the statistical characteristics of the channel are based on the topological representation of error generation processes over the length of code blocks. It is demonstrated that, with a fixed code sequence length and a constant bit error probability at the output of the information channel, different error distributions correspond to sets of n-sequences. With a known number of states in the likelihood transition matrix, calculation of observation intervals for counting erroneous blocks is proposed. The presented method of researching statistical characteristics, based on the assumption of error independence, allows for the development of algorithms and procedures for assessing the state of discrete communication channels. The evaluation of potential bounds and statistical characteristics for the decoding error probability enables establishing a connection between the topological characteristics of error sequence partitioning and code parameters. The work confirms that the proposed method allows the synthesis of algorithms for determining code parameters, whose numerical values are determined based on minimizing potential decoding error probabilities.
APPLICATION OF GRAPH THEORY ALGORITHMS IN MODELING 2D SCANNER FOR OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE
Authors: Tatarinova Oksana
Published: December 2023

The research addresses the development and application of the RPLIDAR A1 laser distance sensor model for the task of obstacle avoidance within the functioning of a virtual robot, with a focus on the use of graph theory algorithms. The influence of Dijkstra's and A* algorithms on the efficiency of the obstacle avoidance process using a 2D scanner is thoroughly analyzed. The significance of these algorithms in the context of graph theory is emphasized due to their ability to optimize navigation trajectories in environments characterized by the presence of multiple obstacles. Particular attention is paid to the importance of these algorithms in the field of autonomous navigation, especially in their application in sectors such as unmanned aerial vehicles, agriculture, geodetic research, and search and rescue operations. A description is provided of the developed software tool with an integrated graphical component and user interface, which allows for control over the scanning and navigation process. A detailed description of the working principles and measurement models used in 2D sensors contributes to a deeper understanding of the functional capabilities and potential of the RPLIDAR A1. The research confirms that the inclusion of Dijkstra's and A* algorithms in the obstacle avoidance system significantly improves the efficiency and safety of mobile robots' operations. Testing of the developed model revealed a significant advantage of integrating these algorithms compared to traditional approaches, opening new perspectives for the development of advanced autonomous navigation systems. The importance of applying graph theory algorithms in the development of robotic systems is highlighted through their impact on improving the quality of detection and obstacle avoidance, thereby enhancing the efficiency of autonomous navigation systems in the fields of robotics and automated transport.
FERMENTATION OF KVASS WORT BY INDUSTRIAL STRAINS OF MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Orobchuk Oksana , Fedotova Olha , Bohoslavets Zoriana , Melnyk Stepan , Dzinyak Bohdan
Published: December 2023

We investigated the fermentation of kvass wort using yeast from the brewing industry and ready-made leaven of lactic acid bacteria. The raw materials for making kvass are kvass wort concentrate, sugar syrup, and rosehip extract. The content of dry substances in the initial wort is 3.2 wt. %, and pH = 5.8. Safale HA-18 dry yeast (optimal fermentation temperature is 25–35°C) and complexes of lactic acid bacteria in the form of starters "Kefir", "Yogurt", "Symbiotic", "Bifivit" of different microbiological compositions are used for kvass wort fermentation. We investigated the dynamics of the content of dry substances and the acidity under different fermentation conditions of kvass wort. The normalized value of the content of dry substances in kvass wort was obtained when using the "Bifivit" lactic acid bacteria starter at a temperature of 30°C, and the ratio of yeast, lactic acid bacteria in the starter is 50 % : 50 %. It is explained by the insufficient temperature necessary for the full reproduction of yeast and the impurity part of lactic acid bacteria. With an increase in the fermentation temperature of kvass to 35°C and a simultaneous increase in the proportion of yeast in the suspension, an increase in fermentation activity in all studied samples was observed. According to research, the optimal amount of yeast and lactic acid bacteria in the suspension is 4 wt. %. The optimal ratio of yeast in the mixture is 80 wt. % and lactic acid bacteria is 20 wt. %. According to the conditions of the experiment, norms of the content of dry substances (2.4 wt. %) and increased acidity (by 1.2 ml 0.1 N NaOH/100 ml) were achieved by samples No. 1 and No. 4 during 14–16 hours of fermentation. We suggested blending the prepared kvass with rosehip extract to give the drink additional functional and preventive properties. The blending of kvass with sugar syrup and rosehip extract was carried out to the content of dry substances 4.2 wt. % and a titrated acidity of 3 ml 0.1 N NaOH/100 ml. A comparative tasting evaluation of kvass with rosehip extract is given. Blending has an excellent effect on organoleptic indicators and gives the drink additional functional and preventive properties. The perspective of using industrial strains of microorganisms for the fermentation of kvass wort for small craft breweries is indicated
DEVELOPING A RECIPE FOR MEAT BREADS WITH THE ADDITION OF SWEET MUSTARD
Authors: Kholod Artem , Pasichnyi Vasil
Published: December 2023

Consumption of meat products is constantly growing in Ukraine, as well as around the world. In recent years, the meat industry has seen increased competition between companies to expand the range of products using flavour compositions. Due to rising prices for meat raw materials and energy, meat industry enterprises are in constant economic dependence on a significant increase in the cost of products. Today, the task of forming safety and quality indicators in the production of cooked sausages is an urgent one. Improving the technology of cooked sausages with the addition of vegetable raw materials - mustard seeds enriched with minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids to improve quality and give the product improved organoleptic properties is relevant in the current environment of shortage of meat raw materials and its constant rise in price. Pork is traditionally the main component of sausage products in Ukraine. It is highly digestible. This meat contains biologically complete proteins and fats in an easily accessible form, as well as B vitamins. In the experimental recipes of meat breads, mustard is used as a filler, which increases the nutritional value and improves the taste of the product. Mustard stimulates the breakdown of fat and improves protein digestion, while activating metabolism. The peculiarity of this flavouring is that in addition to mustard grains, honey, sugar, ground cloves and wine vinegar are added in appropriate proportions, which gives this additive a sweetness with a slight burning sensation. The study proved that it is possible to improve the formulation of meat breads with flavour fillers. This flavour composition improves the functional and technological properties of model minced meat: The moisture content is increased by 2.4%, and the moisture content is increased by 2.1%, which makes the product juicier. It has been shown that the use of crushed mustard grains with varying degrees of hydration in the specified proportions does not worsen the sensory characteristics of the developed meat breads, but, on the contrary, improves their organoleptic characteristics.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE CALCULATION PROCEDURE ALGORITHM FOR THE CALCULATION OF LIGHTNING RODS PROTECTION ZONES ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IEC 62305
Authors: Koliushko Denis , Istomin Oleksandr , Rudenko Serhii , Kiprych Svitlana , Glebov Oleg
Published: December 2023

A series of publications on the problem of lightning protection in power stations and substations, especially in the conditions of decreasing stability of the functioning of the energy system of Ukraine is continued. In addition, the relevance of the work is substantiated by the increase in thunderstorm activity on the planet as a whole and by the data of the national energy company in Ukraine, which leads to emergency shutdowns on power transmission lines. The system of algorithms for the computational procedure for calculating the protection zones of the system, which consists of numerous rod and cable lightning conductors and protective nets, using the rolling sphere method is developed. It is noted, that the majority of strategic energy facilities in Ukraine have lightning protection systems built according to outdated standards, therefore, their inspection and modernization is necessary taking into account current regulatory documents. A generalized algorithm for constructing a protection zone using the Delaunay algorithm and previously obtained mathematical expressions has been developed, which in turn consists of sub-algorithms: constructing a polygonal grid based on the points of the coordinates of the lightning conductors, finding the areas of contact with the sphere of the vertices of the polygonal grid, constructing a grid of nodes of the analysis points, finding the height coordinates for of each analysis point, construction of the protection surface based on the grid coordinates of the analysis point nodes. The software implementation was carried out and an example of the application of algorithms was shown when calculating the protection of an operating substation with a voltage class of 150 kV. The general features of software implementation in the LiGro software complex are given. The developed software product found its application in the modernization of existing lightning protection systems of operating power facilities of Ukraine with a voltage class of 35-750 kV.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY INCREASING OF ORE ENRICHMENT WASTES’ PROCESSING BY ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE METHOD
Authors: Denisyuk Tenyana , Rachkov Oleksiy , Starkov Igor
Published: December 2023

A promising and accessible raw material, comparable in terms of gold and silver content to natural ore deposits, is the lying tailings of ore flotation. Currently, billions of tons of ore tailings have been accumulated, the content of valuable components in which sometimes exceeds those in natural deposits. The processing of ore tailings from tailings for the extraction of non-ferrous metals in most cases requires complex beneficiation schemes, and in terms of technical and economic indicators and the quality of concentrates, they are uncompetitive compared to products of natural raw materials. An electric discharge method of disintegration of ore beneficiation waste to increase the number of available target components, based on the rational organization of crushing and grinding processes in relation to beneficiation tasks, was experimentally investigated. The pressure values of the compression waves generated by the electric discharge were determined to calculate the radius of effective selective influence on the studied waste samples of flotation beneficiation of copper-zinc ores. The necessary conditions for the effective operation of the technological part of the equipment are established: in the volume of the disintegrator, the pressure, created by the electric discharge, should not be less than the tensile strength of the processed material and at the same time should not exceed the strength of the disintegrator’s material. The use of the electric discharge method ensures the selectivity of disintegration of the material along the interphase boundary "dead rock - mineral inclusion", this circumstance allows to achieve a significant increase in the amount of mined valuable metals and simultaneously reduction of energy consumption by 2 - 4 times. Increasing energy efficiency is considered by the way of example with copper-zinc ore concentration’s waste. The increase in the number of target metals available in wastes of flotation concentration of copper-zinc ore after their electric discharge treatment is shown. The increase in the amount of copper extracted from copper-zinc ore enrichment waste was from 40 to 93% by mass, extracted zinc - from 39 to 94% by mass, silver extracted - from 16 to 50% by mass.
Learning from crises: challenges and opportunities for rural inland territories in the south-west of France after COVID-19
Authors: Diaz-Soria Inmaculada , Rayssac Sébastien , Blanco-Romero Asunción
Published: December 2023

Aprendiendo de las crisis: retos y oportunidades para territorios rurales y de interior en el suroeste de Francia tras la COVID-19
Las restricciones de movilidad características del periodo pandémico interrumpieron la actividad turística y obligaron a los actores territoriales, y concretamente a aquellos vinculados con el sector, a adaptarse y repensar las herramientas, los procesos y las formas de relacionarse. Este contexto les puso además frente a nuevas situaciones que se vieron obligados a gestionar, como el incremento de los flujos de visitantes de proximidad en espacios naturales y abiertos. A partir de una metodología esencialmente cualitativa basada en el análisis de documentos y en entrevistas en profundidad a informantes clave, este trabajo introduce una reflexión sobre las respuestas articuladas y sobre la percepción de diferentes actores frente a periodos de cambio, como el provocado por la COVID-19. El análisis de este contexto en clave de oportunidad y desafío en el caso de un territorio rural y de interior de la zona del suroeste de Francia nos lleva a la conclusión de que las crisis son escenarios que favorecen el aprendizaje. El reto se encuentra en dar continuidad a las lecciones aprendidas. Este estudio contribuye a la reflexión de modelos de desarrollo turístico coherentes con la transición socioecológica, que promuevan un turismo adecuado bajo el paradigma del decrecimiento.
From overtourism to undertourism... and back? The struggle to manage tourism regrowth in post-pandemic Amsterdam
Authors: Kuenen Lola , Fletcher Robert , Jakobs Tom , Duineveld Martijn , Koens Ko
Published: December 2023

Amsterdam is one of many cities that has struggled with problems of overtourism in recent years. These problems include nuisance, crowdedness, rising housing prices and economic dependence on tourism. City administrators were aware of these issues and took a variety of measures before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as placing restrictions on tourism rental (Airbnb) and setting up campaigns to tackle problem behaviour of tourists. Yet when COVID-19 halted the stream of tourists visiting Amsterdam, this created a unique opportunity to make more drastic changes, which the administration has addressed by proposing a new series of measures to proactively help contain tourism regrowth in the post-pandemic period. In this article we critically analyze these strategies to ascertain the extent to which they appear able to address the various issues of pre-pandemic overtourism to which they are aimed. Our analysis demonstrate that while trajectories already started before the pandemic are now being augmented and given more priority and some new strategies to further curb tourism growth are also being implemented, overall Amsterdam remains dominated by a growth-oriented approach to tourism planning.
A deep learning-based technique for firm annotation and domain adaptation in land cover classification using time-series aerial images
Authors: Kalita Indrajit , Chakraborty Shounak , Reddy Talla Giridhara Ganesh , Roy Moumita
Published: December 2023

In this manuscript, a novel framework has been presented for firm annotation (classification) of a geographical area based on spatial as well as time-series analysis of multi-temporal very high resolution (VHR) satellite images. For this dual objective, an attention-based deep learning mechanism combined with the capabilities of convolutional-recurrent neural networks has been investigated for this purpose. The proposed annotation strategy is introduced as 'firm' since it allows the classifier to automatically ascertain the land-cover class by taking into consideration the geophysical changes on a landmass and thus outsmarting the conventional techniques relying on visual interpretation of a single image. The attention mechanism focuses on the important portions of the image scene while the convolutional long short-term memory neural networks exploit the temporal dependencies on the time-series image scenes. Moreover, an adaptive land cover classification scheme, considering the features extracted from the proposed classification approach has been explored for more robust time-series based firm annotation. To assess the performance of the proposed schemes, the experiments have been conducted on the two novels VHR multi-temporal land cover classification datasets. The investigated models have been shown to have the capacity to outperform the other state-of-the-art techniques under non-adaptive as well as adaptive scenarios using the multi-temporal images captured over disjoint geographical locations.
Unraveling the multidimensional impacts of the energy crisis on citizens’ judgment and decision-making
Authors: Frings Nina , Helm Jessica , Hahnel Ulf
Published: December 2023

The energy crisis has reshaped energy politics, resulting in energy price surges, increased energy capacity, and large-scale energy-saving campaigns. While an overall energy demand reduction has been observed in Europe, little is known about how the crisis has impacted citizens’ climate-relevant judgment and decision-making. We report a preregistered two-wave cross-national study (N=1040) spanning the winter of 2022/2023 to investigate how support for renewable energy (RE) policies, energy literacy, and energy-efficient product choices developed as this crisis unfolded. We couple longitudinal experimental data with real-world energy price data. This natural experiment indicates that energy-efficiency preferences were shaped by both, the salience of the crisis and real-world price signals. Changes in energy literacy were contingent on the numerical abilities of participants, suggesting that the crisis increased gaps in knowledge among different groups in society. Overall support for RE policies, and prioritization of key policy attributes, remained stable despite shifts in public attention and uncertainty.
GA4/ABA ratio and epigenetic modification cooperatively regulate maize seed vigor
Authors: Yang Wensi , Tian Longpeng , Chen Yanhong , Li Jieran , Zhang Huidi , Liu Xiyan , Zhang Chunqing , Li Yan
Published: December 2023

Seeds with the same genetic information from the different parts of the maize ear vary in seed vigor, with the highest at middle section, and the lowest at top position. However, little is known regarding the associated mechanisms. In the present study, we explain the mechanism of maize ear position effects on seed vigor on the term of epigenetic modification. Exogenous Flu-treatments on seeds (Flu is fluoridone, an inhibitor of ABA synthesis) at 10 days or 14 days after pollination changed expression level of ABA synthesis- and catabolism-related genes, and ultimately increased the GA4/ABA ratio of seeds and influenced seed color and seed vigor. The H3K9me2 level of seeds at middle section decreased more rapidly at 24 h of imbibition than that at top section. 37.5 μmol/L Flu and 75 μmol/L Flu treatments both significantly increased the level of H3K9me2 in seeds by improved expression of H3K9 methyltransferase genes, GRMZM2G300955 and GRMZM2G165011. This indicated that H3K9me2 regulates maize seed vigor. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of seeds at different positions showed big differences between that of top and middle sections. There are differences in DNA methylation of genes involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism and biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars in different parts of one maize ear seeds. The present study contributes to analysis of the mechanisms underlying differences in vigor of seeds at different positions on one maize ear at epigenetic level.
Asparaginase and isoaspartyl peptidase 1 RNA interference suppresses the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Feng Bo , Pei Yingying , Zhang Weiwei , Zheng Qi , Zhou Yan
Published: December 2023

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of head and neck tumor that possesses invasion and growth. This study aims to explore the impact of RNA interference on the growth and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Asparaginase and isoaspartyl peptidase 1 (ASRGL1)-short hairpin(sh) RNA expressing lentivirus was used to investigate the effect of ASRGL1 knockdown on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (C666-1). The target shASRGL1 gene was determined by mRNA and protein expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells; nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis, ATP levels and oxidative stress were examined. The results found that shASRGL1 exhibited a high gene expression knockdown efficiency, downregulated the ASRGL1 protein expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, suppressed proliferation viability of transfected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, inhibited their migration and invasion and ATP levels, promoted nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell apoptosis, ROS and ferroptosis. shASRGL1 plays a role in protecting against nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell growth and invasion.
Biotic plant-soil feedbacks alone do not explain why more diverse plant communities are less invasible
Authors: Yuan Hao-Ming , Zhang Xiao-Mei , Alpert Peter , He Lin-Xuan , Xue Wei , Huang Lin , Peng Ling , Yu Fei-Hai
Published: December 2023

Aims
Considerable evidence suggests that more diverse communities of native plants more strongly resist invasion by introduced plants. Here we tested whether biotic plant-soil feedbacks can explain this relationship independently of other factors, via either soil richness, as based on the number of different plant species interacting with soil; or soil heterogeneity, the degree to which plant-soil feedbacks involving different plant species are spatially separated. No previous study appears to have tested both soil richness and heterogeneity as components of biotic plant-soil feedbacks that might explain why more diverse native plant communities are less invasible.
Methods
We conditioned soils with monocultures of six native plant species and grew five introduced plant species individually in sterilized soil inoculated with one, two, or four of the conditioned soils, keeping the conditioned soils separate or mixing them.
Results
Soil richness had little effect on the final dry mass of any introduced species. Higher soil heterogeneity did not decrease final mass in any introduced species and instead increased it in one.
Conclusion
Results suggest that biotic plant-soil feedbacks are not in themselves an important mechanism by which diversity limits invasibility but do not rule out the possibility that such feedbacks play a role in combination with other mechanisms such as abiotic feedbacks or plant competition.
Comparative Floral and Seed Anatomy of Newly Identified Sarcocornia and Salicornia Species in Tunisia: Insights into Anther Development, Megasporogenesis, and Embryological Characteristics
Authors: Hayder Zaineb , Boughalleb Fayçal , Abdellaoui Raoudha , Hashem Abeer , Avila-Quezada Graciela Dolores , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi , Tarhouni Mohamed
Published: December 2023

Background Detailed studies were conducted for the first time on the floral anatomical features, anther development, megasporogenesis, embryological stages, and seed anatomical characteristics of S. fruticosa, S. alpini, and S. emerici. These species were recently identified in Tunisia through a molecular study.Methods Histological sections, observations using a light microscope, and photographs were taken.Results The results indicate that the pollen grains are characterized by a pantoporate structure of predominantly spheroidal shape. The ovary takes on an annular shape and then curves to produce a campylotropic ovule. After fertilization, the nucellus gives rise to the perisperm, which is absent in mature seeds. The mature embryo exhibits a horseshoe shape and occupies almost the entire seed. The filament length, the size of the anther, pollen, ovary, style, stigma, and seed were the most developed in S. fruticosa. The radicle is longer than the cotyledons in S. emerici, whereas they are of the same length in the other two species. Regarding seed ornamentation, S. fruticosa exhibits a verrucate exotesta with short hairs and papillae that have a blunt tip. However, in S. alpini, it shows a higher density of papillae with a round and conical apex. In S. emerici, the seed surface is covered with numerous long hairs.Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first contribution, as these species had not been previously examined. Furthermore, the findings related to megasporogenesis, female gametophyte, and embryonic development provide evidence that further studies are required for a better anatomical characterization of the Salicornia/Sarcocornia genus.
The pattern of hepatectomy and posthepatectomy complications in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Yohanna Aregawi , Abubeker Zeki Abdurahman
Published: December 2023

Background
Hepatic resection is a procedure performed for benign and malignant liver lesions, often involving the removal of liver tissue with or without resection of other organs. Different complications, including bleeding, biliary leakage, liver failure, renal failure and postoperative infections, can occur postoperatively. The outcome of hepatic resection is affected by preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors. In Ethiopia, although the demand for hepatectomy is very high, the pattern and factors affecting the outcomes are not well known due to the lack of adequate studies.
Methods
A facility-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tikur Anbessa and Addis Hiwot hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. All eligible and complete patient records registered from March 2016 to March 2021 from both hospitals were included and reviewed. The data were entered and cleaned with Epidata version 3.1 and then exported to and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive data analysis was performed, and the data are presented in tables, charts and graphs. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors, and a p value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Results
A total of 97 patients underwent hepatic resection. There were 50 females and 47 males. A significantly greater proportion (26.8%) of the patients who underwent hepatectomy in both hospitals developed complications. Primary hemorrhage and postoperative infection were the most common complications and occurred in 17.5% and 11.3%, respectively, of the patients. Other complications that occurred included bile leakage, ascites, and organ failure, and some patients (5.2%) developed multiple complications. Hepatectomy performed for liver metastases with simultaneous resection of the primary tumor was significantly associated with postoperative complications (AOR = 16.01; 95% CI = 1.66-155.94).
Conclusions
A significantly greater proportion of patients developed complications, of which primary hemorrhage and infection were the most common complications. Postoperative complications were greater in patients who underwent simultaneous resection of the primary tumor and liver metastases.
Novel design that utilizes to electron transfer and decoupling of acid components to improves performance for next generation battery technology
Authors: Mugheri Abdul Qayoom , Ali Kashif , Sangha Ali Asghar , l Muhammad Younis , Mugheri Arslan ahmed
Published: December 2023

The practical implementation of such a battery design would require extensive research and development of a battery chemistry that aims for higher energy density by utilizing reactions that involve electron transfer reaction through redox potentials. Electrochemical loop, known as the chloride-bromide loop, which enhances the kinetics and reversibility of the bromide/bromate anion, (BrO⁻₃) electrode reaction. The exact combined reversibility capacity of 1150 mAh g− 1, leads to more energy that can be stored in a given mass of the battery. Electron transfer bromine to deliver a high specific capacity measures the amount of charge and high specific capacity indicates a high charge-storage capability. The successful validation of in bromide full batteries and acid-alkaline decoupling batteries. This technology is promising for high-energy-density aqueous batteries and essential in the field of energy storage, as it can potentially lead to safer, more efficient, and longer-lasting battery solutions and may find applications in various fields, including electric vehicles, portable electronic materials, greater energy density and efficiency are crucial.
Exploiting genomic tools for genetic dissection and improving the resistance to Fusarium stalk rot in tropical maize
Authors: Zhang Xuecai , Song Junqiao , Liu Yubo , Guo Rui , Pacheco Angela , Muñoz-Zavala Carlos , Song Wei , Wang Hui , Cao Shiliang , Hu Guanghui , Zheng Hongjian , Dhliwayo Thanda , Vicente Felix San , Prasanna Boddupalli M. , Wang Chunping
Published: December 2023

Fusarium stalk rot (FSR) is a global destructive disease in maize, the efficiency of phenotypic selection for improving FSR resistance was low. Novel genomic tools - genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genomic prediction (GP) - provide an opportunity for genetic dissection and improving FSR resistance. In this study, GWAS and GP analyses were performed on 562 tropical maize inbred lines consisting of two populations in four environments under artificial inoculation. In total, 15 SNPs significantly associated with FSR resistance were identified across two populations and the CombinedPOP consisting of all 562 inbred lines, with the P-values ranging from 1.99×10-7 to 8.27×10-13, and the phenotype variance explained (PVE) values ranging from 0.94 to 8.30%. The effects of the 15 favorable alleles ranged from -4.29 to -14.21%. One stable genomic region in the interval of 0.95 Mb from 250,089,724 bp to 251,044,933 bp on chromosome 1 was detected across all populations, and the PVE values of the detected SNPs ranged from 2.16 to 5.18%. Medium GP accuracy of FSR severity, 0.29 to 0.51, was observed in two cross-validation (CV) schemes. When incorporating genotype-by-environment interaction, GP accuracy was improved from 0.36 to 0.40 in the CV1 scheme, and from 0.42 to 0.55 in the CV2 scheme. Considering both the genome coverage and the total PVE of SNPs for selecting a subset of molecular markers further improved the GP accuracy. These findings extend the knowledge of exploiting genomic tools for genetic dissection and improving FSR resistance in tropical maize.
Enhancing MOOCs Personalized Recommendation with Graph Neural Networks and Attention Mechanisms
Authors: ZUO YUNCHAO , LUO HAO , XU LITAO
Published: December 2023

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have revolutionized education, providing unprecedented access to knowledge and skills to learners worldwide. While traditional methods have achieved comparable performance in personalized recommendations, they suffer from two key limitations. Firstly, they fail to capture the rich relationships between courses and users embedded within the MOOC graph structure. Secondly, they disregard the sequential nature of user learning, neglecting the evolving preferences and interests over time. These methods often overlook the recency of items, potentially neglecting relevant and trending courses. This paper presents a personalized recommendation approach for MOOCs that combines the effectiveness of an Attention mechanism with the capabilities of a Graph Neural Network, namely AGNN, to tackle this problem. This novel recommendation system in MOOCs leverages GNNs for rich learner-course relationships and LSTM for dynamic user preferences, culminating in personalized recommendations through MF-BPR learning. Real-world course data experiments demonstrate AGNN’s ability to significantly improve recommendation performance. An in-depth ablation study further underscores the critical influence of attention mechanisms, highlighting the model’s ability to dynamically adapt to evolving user preferences and prioritize recent, relevant items, ultimately leading to more personalized and effective recommendations.
Hydrodynamic characterization of carbonate aquifers by atypical pumping tests without interruption of drinking water exploitation
Authors: Rusi Sergio , Curzio Diego Di , Giovanni Alessia Di
Published: December 2023

The Gran Sasso carbonate aquifer is the largest and most productive in the Apennines. Its hydrogeological structure has been studied since the middle of the last century for springs’ characterization for drinking purposes and for a motorway tunnel. Meanwhile, its hydrodynamic parametrization is less developed and is limited to monitoring the discharge and chemical and isotopic parameters. Secondary porosity characterizes the aquifer, and an underlying impermeable marly complex represents the basal aquiclude. It might appear inappropriate to characterize the hydraulic properties via pumping tests, as their reliability is proven in homogeneous and isotropic media. However, the high extent of the aquifer, the wells‘ location, the scarcity of information available and the lack of alternatives forced to estimate hydrodynamic parameters as in porous aquifers and to test the aquifer experimentally, especially in maximum pumping conditions. Since the aquifer testing was performed during the normal well field’s activities, it was not possible to perform typical tests. Therefore, the step-drawdown test was obtained by turning on an increasing number of wells over time and keeping fixed the observation points. As results, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, drawdown in operating condition, the influence radius and the flow directions have been obtained, without interrupting the water supply.
COX-2-8473 T>C gene variant (rs5275) is associated with depression and nausea in migraineurs by increasing inflammation through MyD88/MAP2K3/COX-2
Authors: Mozaffari Elaheh , Khotbehsara Maryam Mehrinejad , Faghani Mostafa , Amini Javad , Zadeh Saghar Hosein , Allahyartorkaman Mohammadreza , Shahraki Hosein Alirezaei , Nemati Reza , Salimipour Houman
Published: December 2023

Migraine is a complicated neurological disorder. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a crucial enzyme involved in the pain response and inflammation. COX-2 modulation is necessary in migraine therapy. We hypothesized that the COX-2-8473 T > C (rs5275) gene variant might be related to migraine, depression, and nausea. In this case-control research, 100 migraineurs and 100 control cases in Bushehr province, Iran, were compared. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was purified, and genotyping of the COX-2-8473 T > C (rs5275) polymorphism was evaluated by the PCR-RFLP technique. The SPSS software package was employed to conduct statistical tests. Then, the raw microarray data from the brain of depressed patients was used to find gene expression patterns and associated cellular pathways in depression disease. Finally, enrichment and protein-protein interaction analyses were conducted for upregulated genes. We demonstrated a positive correlation between the COX-2-8473 T > C variant and an elevated risk for progression of migraine, depression, and nausea in migraineurs. Carriers of COX-2-8473 T + genotype in controls were higher than in patients (P < 0.0001) and the frequencies of C + genotype in patients were higher than in the controls (P < 0.001). Additionally, frequencies of COX-2-8473 C + in migraineurs with depression and nausea were higher than in the controls (P ≤ 0.05). Based on the microarray data, it seems that Toll-like receptor cellular pathway may regulate COX-2 expression through MYD88 and MAP2K3 proteins in depression. COX-2-8473 TC and COX-2-8473 CC genotypes can heighten the risk of migraine, depression, and nausea considerably. Also, Toll-like receptor can regulate COX-2 expression, influencing the inflammation pathway and depression level.