bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Procjena prvih deset godina Konvencije Vijeća Europe o sprječavanju i borbi protiv nasilja nad ženama i nasilja u obitelji
Authors: Željko Darija
Published: May 2022

Rad nastoji procijeniti realne dosege Konvencije Vijeća Europe o sprječavanju i borbi protiv nasilja nad ženama i nasilja u obitelji (poznatije pod nazivom Istanbulska konvencija) s obzirom na protek od deset godina otkako je ona otvorena za potpisivanje u svibnju 2011. u Istanbulu. Osim zbog simbolične obljetnice tema je aktualna i jer je 1. srpnja. 2021. Turska (kao prva potpisnica) prva i istupila iz tog ključnog regionalnog ugovora koji jamči zaštitu žena od rodno uvjetovanog nasilja. Uzimajući u obzir države Europske unije, poput Mađarske, koje se i dalje snažno suprotstavljaju ratifikaciji Istanbulske konvencije, i/ili one poput Poljske, koje periodično najavljuju svoje istupanje, rad se dotiče često zanemarene uloge EU-a u promicanju Istanbulske konvencije kao najvažnijeg i sadržajno najsveobuhvatnijeg instrumenta te vrste. Naime EU je Istanbulsku konvenciju potpisao još u lipnju 2017. Ujedno je Komisija u svojoj Strategiji za rodnu ravnopravnost za razdoblje 2020.–2025. kao jedan od prioriteta izrijekom navela borbu protiv rodno uvjetovanog nasilja na području EU-a, a važnim korakom na tom putu smatra upravo ratifikaciju Istanbulske konvencije. Ako do toga ne dođe, u istoj Strategiji Komisija inzistira da EU pronađe alternativne pravne mjere za postizanje ciljeva Konvencije.
A curve theory on sliced almost contact manifolds
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Mehmet , CAMCI Çetin
Published: May 2022

We have realized a gap between almost contact metric manifolds and contact metric manifolds in our studies. The examples that were given as Sasaki manifolds don't satisfy the condition of being contact metric manifold. As a result of our work, the sliced almost contact manifolds were formed and defined in \cite{MG}. In this paper we applied the theory of sliced almost contact manifolds to curves as a curve theory in three dimensional space. We define the $\pi-regular$ and $\pi-Legendre$ curves, also we give basic theorems on $\pi-Legendre$ curves and an example to $\pi-Legendre$ curves.
Inequalities for 3-convex functions and applications
Authors: CHHABRA Praphull
Published: May 2022

In this article, we derived new information inequalities on Jain-Saraswat's functional coefficient of distance (2013) for 3-convex functions. Further, we evaluated some important relations among Relative Jensen Shannon coefficient of distance, Relative Arithmetic Geometric coefficient of distance, Triangular discrimination, Chi-square coefficient of distance and many more. Moreover, we explained the series version of this functional coefficient of distance by using the Taylor's series with both Lagrange's and Cauchy's form of remainders.
Canscora Devendrae (Gentianaceae) - A new species from Western Ghats, India
Authors: Singh R. , Diwakar P.
Published: May 2022

A new species, Canscora devendrae, allied to Canscora sanjappae Diwakar and R. Kr. Singh, from Western Ghats, India is described and illustrated.
Complicações graves associadas à anastomose colorretal - Revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Rodrigues Valentina , Polyanna Bastos Silva Campos Myrela , Kevin Cunha Negidio Adson , Almeida Carneiro Rodrigues da Silva Ester , Henrique Silveira de Sousa Pedro
Published: May 2022

Introdução: A anastomose é um procedimento cirúrgico que consiste em formar uma nova passagem entre dois órgãos, através de bordas seccionadas e unidas por meio de uma linha anastomótica. Já a anastomose colorretal, que é indicada em cânceres de colón e reto, visa corrigir um problema que afeta o processo digestivo do paciente, causando sintomas como sangue nas fezes e constipação. Assim, tem como objetivo construir uma nova passagem para o trânsito digestivo, por meio da retirada e ressecção da área acometida pela patologia, e união das áreas distais que estão saudáveis. Esse procedimento para que seja bem realizado precisa ter cuidados com as técnicas utilizadas, como: manuseio delicados das estruturas, hemostasia da parede do órgão e vascularização. Assim, as complicações provenientes desse procedimento cirúrgico, poderão ser minimizadas com a melhor execução da técnica. Objetivos: Analisar quais são as principais complicações graves da anastomose colorretal. Métodos: Foi feita uma busca qualitativa nas plataformas Scielo e Google acadêmico, no intuito de buscar artigos nacionais e bem avaliados para realizar a revisão de literatura, no eixo temático de cirurgia. Resultados: A partir da seleção de três artigos foi percebido que a deiscência da anastomose e a estenose são complicações graves que ocorrem em diversos pacientes que foram submetidos a anastomose colorretal. A deiscência da anastomose (afastamento dos planos suturados) pode ocasionar o extravasamento de conteúdo digestivo e causar inflamação. Foi constatado que é propiciado por más técnicas cirúrgicas como a má irrigação do local e aproximação inadequada dos planos seccionados sob tensão. A estenose (estreitamento patológico da luz do tubo) ocorre em consequência de um processo inflamatório que resulta na fibroplasia da parede, em decorrência de uma cicatrização ruim do procedimento cirúrgico. Conclusão: A partir disso, pode-se perceber que complicações graves são presentes no procedimento de anastomose colorretal, principalmente por ser tratar de um método complicado em uma região importante para o funcionamento do organismo. Por isso, é necessário que as técnicas cirúrgicas e a preparação do paciente sejam bem feitas, no intuito de diminuir e de evitar que ocorram. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: anastomose, complicações, colorretal
Financial Education Program Evaluation
Authors: Burk Diana , Lown Jean M. , Boyce Lisa K.
Published: May 2022

This study illustrates the process of program evaluation using a logic model. Guided by the Transtheoretical Model of Change and a logic model, this study evaluated the effectiveness of a Retirement and Savings Seminar by measuring participant (n = 54) satisfaction, financial knowledge, financial confidence, and financial behavior change compared to a similar group of 134 non-participants. Participants were very satisfied with the seminar. Their financial knowledge and confidence scores significantly increased from pretest to posttest. Financial knowledge and confidence scores improved more than the comparison group while controlling for group differences in age, income, and pretest scores. Two months later, participants were more likely than the comparison group to have adopted positive financial behaviors as measured by the Financial Preparedness for Retirement Scale. Financial educators can use this study as a model for planning, conducting, and evaluating their programs
Outcomes of a Multi-Component Family Enrichment Project: 12-Month Follow-up
Authors: Tompkins Sara Anne , Rosa Juliana D. , Henry Kimberly L. , Benavente Janet
Published: May 2022

Previous research has established that family enrichment programs work with a variety of populations (e.g., Hawkins, Stanley, Blanchard, & Albright, 2012). It is unclear if a multi-component program focusing on a variety of family outcomes can lead to lasting change. This study used growth modeling to examine effects of relationship (i.e., Within My Reach), parenting (i.e., Making Parenting a Pleasure), and financial enrichment (i.e., Spend Some, Save Some, Share Some) classes over 12 months. Results revealed improvement in family functioning at one year post for all three programs. Program specific improvements included relationship functioning and parenting alliance. Program participants reported overall satisfaction and gaining of valuable skills. Findings suggest these family enrichment programs can have long-lasting effects; potential reasons for sample success and implications are discussed.
Disasters, Drought, Poverty and Injustice as Root of Conflict Causes in Sudan
Authors: Elsunna Elsiddiq
Published: May 2022

This study aims to analyze gender equality in the promotion of structural positions in the Government of West Java Province. This research design uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews and documentation studies. While the research analysis technique is done by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study concluded that gender equality in the promotion of structural positions in West Java Province had not been realized optimally because the competency, qualifications, and work behavior of female civil servants are considered lower than men. Various servants faced by female civil servants for good promotion internal factors, namely the dual role and lack of motivation of women to progress, also obstacles to external factors stemming from the family, community, and organizational culture that are not gendered responsive. In addition to competence, qualifications, and work behavior, other considerations were found for the promotion of the position of a female civil servant, namely: multiple roles, type of work and location of assignments; this made women less likely to get strategic position promotions.
International Terrorism: Agenda Propaganda United States and its Views by Islam
Authors: Alfurqo Ali
Published: May 2022

The study of terrorism, particularly international terrorism more prominent after the September 11th 2001. Now even the agenda almost every international meeting is always related  or associated with terrorism issues. Not infrequently, this raises the presumption that the agenda of terrorism is closely associated with the propaganda agenda of the United States, because the United State currently taking part in many international issues. As a comparison from another perspective, when terrorism many associated with Islamic movements, it is important also to see, how to actually study the   terrorism in the eyes of Islam.
"I Didn't Plan Any Of This."
Authors: Matthews Katie
Published: May 2022

Katie Matthews, Ph.D., considered herself taking the “scenic route” through jobs in the scientific community. She has gone from government nuclear facilities to working to help ocean policy, marine conservation, and fisheries management. Matthews’ “scenic route,” through multiple job opportunities in the scientific field, has become the best possible route for her career. Her past experiences in different fields of science has now given her the confidence and experience to succeed in her dream job. This story should show other people going through the same process that sometimes the scenic route can be the best route.
ARDUINO BASED AUTO FRISKING DEVICE
Authors: Prasad B V Siva
Published: May 2022

“Arduino Based Auto Frisking” is to ensure a contactless human body temperature measurement along with detecting metals. In this project along with detection, an alert is also sent to higher authorities to take appropriate actions.This project will be introducing the automatic sanitisation sytstem, temperature monitoring system and metal detecting system how they can be useful in covid-19 situation. It will give a brief idea of the components used along with its technical specifications.Moving forward, Temperature monitoring system is used to detect the body temperature of a person and Metal detecting system is used to avoid an illegal and unauthorized entry of metals,bombs,into the public primises.This project will show a block diagram where all the input-output components are shown. And it will be followed by a flowchart which will give a clear idea of how the system will work, hardware design and implementation of the proposed system. Keywords: Temperature monitoring system, Metal detecting system, Automatic sanitization system, ARDUINO, Walk through device.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOK BERBASIS SISTEM ERP DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJAPT WISMILAK INTI MAKMUR TBK.
Authors: Huang Chyntia , Novia Jessica , Willyanto Lia , Sisca Veni , Cuandra Fendy , Lalita Nasar Buntu
Published: May 2022

Every business actor who runs a business will establish relationships with other business actors. These relationships are formed into a chain known as a supply chain. In order for the company's supply chain activities to run optimally, of course a strategy is needed. One strategy that can be utilized is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). This study aims to determine the effect of ERP system-based supply chain management in improving the performance of PT Wismilak Inti Makmur Tbk. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques were used in this study to process data into information. Where the data used is sourced from the annual report and company sales. From this research it can be seen that the supply chain of PT Wismilak Inti Makmur Tbk. This is complex because it involves various parties from the beginning of the process to the end of the distribution process, it can run effectively and because it has implemented several strategies, namely mitigation strategies, performance strategies and also the development of EVO diplomat products. In addition, the influence of the ERP system applied to the supply chain of PT Wismilak Inti Makmur Tbk. quite significant to the company's financial performance, namely inventory turnover, GPM, OPM, NPM, ROA, and ROE. These results are obtained from the results of the analysis of the company's financial statement data analysis with financial ratios.
Denegación de medidas `cautelarísimas' para la dotación de equipos de protección para el personal sanitario en tiempos de pandemia.
Authors: Arias Domínguez Ángel
Published: May 2022

La solicitud de medidas cautelares para la protección de los trabajadores de los centros de salud mediante la aportación de equipos de protección personal es una exigencia derivada de las normas de prevención de riesgos laborales. Lo que se debate en esta resolución es si dicha pretensión se satisface entregando la Administración todo el material del que dispone para el cumplimiento de dicha obligación o si, por el contrario, la exigencia normativa va más allá, requiriendo su cumplimiento mediante la adopción de medidas extraordinarias. ¿Estamos en presencia, en definitiva, de una obligación de actuación o de resultado?

The request for precautionary measures for the protection of health center workers through the provision of personal protective equipment is a requirement derived from the regulations for the prevention of occupational risks. What is debated in this resolution is whether said claim is satisfied by delivering the Administration all the material it has for the fulfillment of said obligation or if, on the contrary, the regulatory requirement goes further, requiring compliance through the adoption of measures extraordinary. Are we, in short, in the presence of an obligation of action or result?
Factors Affecting Oral Health Service Utilization of Differently-abled School Children in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Thailand, Sharma Shristi , Vajanapoom Nitaya ,   Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University, Thailand
Published: May 2022

Lack of oral health care utilization is a common problem among differently- abled children. As a result, oral diseases are often identified in this cohort. This study applied the Anderson health care utilization model to examine the factors associated with the oral health service utilization (OHSU) among the differently-abled school children in Kathmandu city of Nepal. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 school children aged 7-18 years old enrolled in 7 schools for differently-abled children in Kathmandu. The OHSU data and the data on the predisposing factors, the enabling factors, and the need factors were self-reported by the parents/legal guardians of the children, using a self-administered questionnaire. An oral examination was performed to assess each child’s dental status. Logistic regression was used to assess the association of OHSU with the predisposing factors, the enabling factors, and the need factors. The results showed that the enabling factors (i.e., “affordability”, and “good oral health knowledge of parents”, and the need factors (“having toothache”) were positively associated with OHSU. In contrast, there was negative association between OHSU and the dental status of the children. Overall, the study showed a very low prevalence of oral health service utilization. The findings indicated that family economic status and oral health literacy of parents and their children play a crucial role in the increased usage of oral health services among differently-abled children. This suggests that, a free oral health service and health literacy programs for the parents and their disabled children in Kathmandu may increase OHSU.
China and the transatlantic relationship: obstacles to deeper European–US cooperation
Authors: Bergsen Pepijn , Froggatt Antony , Nouwens Veerle , Pantucci Raffaello
Published: May 2022

The rise of China is one of the greatest challenges for the transatlantic relationship. European countries and the US have similar concerns over China, but fundamental obstacles hinder a more joined-up approach. Although no longer aiming for decoupling as under the Trump administration, the US under President Joe Biden still sees itself in ‘strategic competition’ with China, while the European Commission has identified China as a ‘systemic rival’. However, differences remain between Europe and US on the scale of the challenge, and also within the EU over the desired level of economic and political engagement with China and over policy responses on the national, bilateral and global levels. This paper presents results from a two-year joint research project by Chatham House and the Royal United Services Institute on a Transatlantic Dialogue on China. The project examined the transatlantic relationship in the context of the China challenge by looking at four different policy areas – trade and investment, digital technology, climate change and the global commons.
Stages of Behavioral Change for Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Adolescents: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Japan
Authors: Sato Yoshiko , Miyanaga Masamitsu , Wang Da-Hong
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to understand why adolescents choose to eat fewer fruits and vegetables by examining the stages of behavioral change and perceived barriers to fruits and vegetable intake in a school-based study in Japan.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was performed at junior and senior high schools from 2018 to 2020, and 933 students aged 12–18 agreed to participate. A questionnaire obtained information on demographic characteristics, daily fruit and vegetable intake, and to assess the stage of change regarding eating more fruits and vegetables and barriers faced by the participants.

RESULTS: The daily average amount of fruit and vegetable intake was 89.3 g and 178 g, respectively. In response to whether they were “Eating 350 g or more vegetables and 200 g or more fruits a day most day,” 52.6% answered “not thinking about doing it” (precontemplation stage); the ratio was particularly high among males (61.1%). Moreover, as the stage of change increased from precontemplation to action/maintenance, the daily intake of fruits and vegetables increased and the perceived barriers decreased. We also found that environment when dining out, personal habits, and family and self-preference were perceived as the most important factors related to barriers to eating more fruits and vegetables.

CONCLUSION: This study suggests that stage-tailored interventions need to target the above-mentioned barriers, particularly for students in the precontemplation and contemplation stages, and to enhance knowledge on the health benefits of fruits and vegetables, as well as consider a gender-specific approach.
Prevalence of alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among different occupations and associated metabolic changes: A hospital-based study
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Shankar Hari , Verma Ramtej J.
Published: May 2022

The fatty liver disease (FLD) considered as major health problem worldwide but its prevalence related to occupation and lifestyle habits is seldom assessed. This research study was conduct to find out the occurrence of FLD among occupation and associated metabolic changes.In this hospital-based study total 328 patients were enrolled. The anthropometric measurement, radiological & clinical examination and biochemical estimation were carried out in all enrolled subjects. On the basis of abdominal sonography; the patients were categorized into three groups such as Normal (without liver disease), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). For comparison of continuous variables, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the means of study groups. A p-value <0·05 was considered as statistically significant. Mean BMI of NAFLD, AFLD and Normal subjects were 25.39±0.38, 20.13±0.3 and 19.47±0.25 respectively. AFLD group were found significantly higher (p<0.0001) level of liver enzymes markers such as AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin compared to Normal and NAFLD groups. Majority of labour belongs to AFLD (58.2%); whereas, highest frequency of NAFLD was observed in salaried group occupation (49.5%). Based on physical work activity, highest frequency (54.3%) of NAFLD patients were observed in sedentary workers group followed by AFLD (48.3%) patients were heavy workers. The occurrence of metabolic syndrome was statistically significant in NAFLD patients compared to AFLD (40% vs 29%, p=0.001). The occupation especially salaried & business class with sedentary lifestyle habits was increased risk to develop NAFLD; whereas, AFLD patients were majorly belongs to laborer occupation. Keywords: Fatty liver disease, Alcoholic fatty liver disease, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Occupation, Physical work activity.
Research study on patient’s desire to get oral antibiotics for self medication at community pharmacy in bali-indonesia
Authors: Swastini Dewa Ayu , Adi Jaya Made Krisna
Published: May 2022

Oral antibiotics are one of the drugs that must be used wisely. Irrational use can cause fatal problems, including resistance and increased mortality due to infection. Many people try to get oral antibiotics without a doctor's prescription. This behaviour is worrying because it can lead to irrational use of antibiotics. This study aimed to identify the factors that encourage people to get oral antibiotics without a doctor's prescription, especially in Bali-Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was conducted to identify factors that encourage patients to take oral antibiotics without a doctor's prescription. The identified factors were then analyzed in relation to the demographic characteristics of the patient. A total of 400 respondents were successfully observed. 59% of respondents came to the community pharmacy to try to get Amoxicillin, 75% of them stated that they had health problems such as cough, cold, painful swallowing. As many as 52% of respondents indicated that they knew about this antibiotic from their previous healing experience with the same symptoms, and 95% of them tried to buy oral antibiotics because it was more efficient and saved money. Factor analysis found three characteristics influencing this behaviour: age, distance from residence to the pharmacy, and insurance ownership. Most of the people in Bali tried self-medication with oral antibiotics. This condition is at risk of causing antibiotic resistance will be broader in the future. The founding of this. Keywords: Oral Antibiotics, Self Medication, Community Pharmacy, Bali.
Meta-Sezgisel Algoritmalara Dayalı Retinal Damar Bölütleme
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Mehmet Bahadır , TAŞKIRAN Kader
Published: May 2022

Diyabet hastalığına bağlı olarak retina tabakasına kan taşıyan kılcal damarlarda fonksiyon kayıpları oluşmakta ve Diyabetik Retinopati (Diabetic Retinopathy, DR) hastalığı ortaya çıkmaktadır. İlk aşamalarında gözde belirli oranlarda görme kayıplarına yol açan DR hastalığı doğru bir şekilde teşhis ve tedavi edilmez ise görme fonksiyonunun tamamen yok olmasına sebep olabilmektedir. DR hastalığının yüksek doğrulukta teşhis ve tedavi edilebilmesi için retinal damar yapısının bölütleme işlemi ile retina görüntüsünden ayrıştırılması ve analiz edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, en güncel meta-sezgisel algoritmalardan olan Vahşi At Optimizasyon (Wild Horse Optimization, WHO) ve Kel Kartal Araştırma (Bald Eagle Search, BES) algoritmaları retinal damar bölütlemeye yönelik olarak kümeleme tabanlı geliştirilmiş ve performansları yaygın olarak kullanılan Gri Kurt Optimizasyon (Grey Wolf Optimization, GWO) algoritması ile mukayese edilmiştir.
Pharmaceutically Enhancing Medical Professionals for Difficult Conversations
Authors: Enck Gavin
Published: May 2022

Conducting “difficult conversations” with patients and caregivers is one of the most difficult aspects of the medical profession. These conversations can involve communicating a terminal prognosis, advance care planning, or changing the goals of treatment. Although they are challenging, the need for these conversations is underwritten by the tenets of medical ethics. Unfortunately, medical professionals lack adequate training in communication skills and overestimate their abilities in conducting difficult conversations. I suggest that one way to improve that ability would be the strategic use of pharmaceutical neuroenhancements. Pharmaceutically augmenting a professional’s capacity for recognizing masked emotional expressions might conduce to his or her development of open and responsive communication with patients and caregivers. I conclude by examining the limitations and objections to this use of a communication enhancement by illustrating that it would still require the development of, and indeed a greater emphasis on, communication skills in medical education and training.
Technological Growth and Unemployment
Authors: Campa Riccardo
Published: May 2022

The aim of this article is to explore the possible futures generated by the development of artificial intelligence. Our focus will be on the social consequences of automation and robotisation, with special attention being paid to the problem of unemployment. In spite of the fact that this investigation is mainly speculative in character, we will try to develop our analysis in a methodologically sound way. To start, we will make clear that the relation between technology and structural unemployment is still controversial. Therefore, the hypothetical character of this relation must be fully recognized. Secondly, as proper scenario analysis requires, we will not limit ourselves to predict a unique future, but we will extrapolate from present data at least four different possible developments: 1) unplanned end of work scenario; 2) planned end of robots scenario; 3) unplanned end of robots scenario, and 4) planned end of work scenario. Finally, we will relate the possible developments not just to observed trends but also to social and industrial policies presently at work in our society which may change the course of these trends.
If You See a Cyborg in the Road, Kill the Buddha
Authors: Evans Woody
Published: May 2022

A stream in transhumanism argues that the aims of Buddhism and transhumanists are akin. It is the case that transhumanism contains religious tropes, and its parallels to Christianity are readily apparent. It does not share much, however, with Buddhism’s Zen tradition. Zen tends to focus its practitioners on becoming fully present and human, not on becoming transcendent, super-powered, or posthuman. This paper explores some of the tensions between transhumanism and Buddhism through the lens of Zen, and suggests that transhumanist Buddhists should be careful not to conflate moments of spiritual enlightenment with permanent techno-social transcendence.
Personhood and Subjectivation in Simondon and Heidegger
Authors: Swan Melanie
Published: May 2022

Twentieth century philosophers such as Simondon and Heidegger propose theories of subjectivation that inform our thinking about the definition of personhood and how it arises, including in the potentially wide-ranging context of personhood beyond the human. Simondon’s theory of transindividuation unfolds as a series of decenterings that provides a context for future persons that is a dynamic world of processes without fixity or attachment to any one kind of subject. Subjects participate in but do not cause individuation, and they exist on a spectrum of capacity for action with other living beings including animals, human persons, and possibly a variety of future persons. The role of collectivity in the form of the other has been an important aspect of individuation, however I claim that the function of alterity need not be provided exclusively by a self-similar subject. Philosophical individuation theories serve as a foundation for an approach that opens up greater possibility for individuation in the context of future persons by identifying and alternatively fulfilling the underlying functionality required by individuation.
The Future of Education
Authors: Sorgner Stefan Lorenz
Published: May 2022

Habermas has criticized the position that educational and genetic enhancements are parallel events (2001, 91). I, on the other hand, will provide reasons for the position that there is a structural analogy between educational and genetic enhancement such that the moral evaluation of these two procedures should be seen as analogous, too. I will show that an affirmation of educational enhancement suggests an affirmation of genetic enhancement. In addition, I offer reasons why both types of enhancement ought to be affirmed. I will progress as follows. First, I will explain the relevance of the question by considering transhumanism and posthumanism. Both are contemporary philosophical and cultural movements in which the question concerning enhancement is central. Second, I will compare educational and genetic enhancement, showing that Habermas’ arguments concerning their relationship are implausible. In the conclusion, I will refer to the relevance of this insight to the future of education, when the humanities will need to be transformed into metahumanities.
The Advent of Postmodern Robotic Technoreligiosity
Authors: McBride James
Published: May 2022

In the future, human beings will welcome robotic companions into their homes as caregivers of children. Parents will undoubtedly want them to teach their offspring right from wrong, and, in doing so, to reflect the ethical values derived from the parents’ respective religious traditions.  Accordingly, the market will create a demand for religious robots. This article examines the ways in which robots may be considered religious based upon a minimalist and maximalist definition of religion derived from the field of religious studies. A minimalist definition of religion rests upon the family resemblance of attributes considered religious, particularly those characteristics that are deemed prototypical, e.g. moral views derived from religious doctrine. A maximalist definition of religion claims that the essential attribute of any social phenomenon deemed religious would be the practitioner’s experience of what Rudolf Otto called “the holy.” From a minimalist perspective, robots programmed to function according to a religious ethos are arguably religious, especially if they have the capacity to engage in moral reasoning derived from prototypical religious beliefs. Consequently human societies will see the marketing of Christian, Jewish, Islamic, and Buddhist robots among others, most likely manufactured under a watchful clerical eye, and the rise of integrated religious communities with both human and robotic members. In a distant future when neuroscience acquires the capacity to replicate individual neural pathways of the human connectome, religious groups may want manufacturers to copy experiences of “the holy” into the “brains” of their robotic companions to ensure orthodoxy. The article closes by posing questions about the reality of simulated robotic religious experience.
Geoengineering
Authors: Lockley Andrew
Published: May 2022

Geoengineering, specifically Solar Radiation Management (SRM), has been proposed to effect rapid influence over the Earth’s climate system in order to counteract Anthropogenic Global Warming. This poses near-term to long-term governance challenges, some of which are within the planning horizon of current political administrations. Previous discussions of governance of SRM (in both academic and general literature) have focused primarily on two scenarios: an isolated “Greenfinger” individual, or state, acting independently (perhaps in defiance of international opinion); versus more consensual, internationalist approaches. I argue that these models represent a very limited sub-set of plausible deployment scenarios. To generate a range of alternative models, I offer a short, relatively unstructured discussion of a range of different types of warfare – each with an analogous SRM deployment regime.
The Future of Brain-Computer Interfaces
Authors: Swan Melanie
Published: May 2022

The aim of this paper is to explore the development of brain-computer interfacing and cloudminds as possible future scenarios. I describe potential applications such as selling unused brain processing cycles and the blockchaining of personality functions. The possibility of ubiquitous brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that are continuously connected to the Internet suggests interesting options for our future selves. Questions about what it is to be human, the nature of our current existence and interaction with reality, and how things might be different could become more prominent. I examine speculative future scenarios such as digital selves and cloudmind collaborations. Applications could be adopted in tiers of advancing complexity and risk, starting with health tracking, followed by information seeking and entertainment, and finally, self-actualization. By linking brains to the Internet, BCIs could allow individuals to be more highly connectable not just to communications networks but also to other minds, and thus could enable participation in new kinds of collective applications such as a cloudmind. A cloudmind (or crowdmind) is the concept of multiple individual minds (human or machine) joined together to pursue a collaborative goal such as problem solving, idea generation, creative expression, or entertainment. The prospect of cloudminds raises questions about individual versus collective personhood. Some of the necessary conditions for individuals to feel comfortable in joining a cloudmind include privacy, security, reversibility, and retention of personal identity. Blockchain technology might be employed to orchestrate the security, automation, coordination, and credit-assignation requirements of cloudmind collaborations.
Editing the Genome of Human Being
Authors: De Araujo Marcelo
Published: May 2022

In 2015 a team of scientists used a new gene-editing technique called CRISPR-Cas9 to edit the genome of 86 non-viable human embryos. The experiment sparked a global debate on the ethics of gene editing. In this paper, I first review the key ethical issues that have been addressed in this debate. Although there is an emerging consensus now that research on the editing of human somatic cells for therapeutic purpose should be pursued further, the prospect of using gene-editing techniques for the purpose of human enhancement has been met with strong criticism. The main thesis that I defend in this paper is that some of the most vocal objections recently raised against the prospect of genetic human enhancement are not justified. I put forward two arguments for the morality of genetic human enhancement. The first argument shows how the moral and legal framework within which we currently claim our procreative rights, especially in the context of IVF procedures, could be deployed in the assessment of the morality and legality of genetic human enhancement. The second argument calls into question the assumption that the average level of human cognitive performance should have a normative character.
Can we make wise decisions to modify ourselves?
Authors: Martens Rhonda
Published: May 2022

Much of the human enhancement literature focuses on the ethical, social, and political challenges we are likely to face in the future. I will focus instead on whether we can make decisions to modify ourselves that are known to be likely to satisfy our preferences. It seems plausible to suppose that, if a subject is deciding whether to select a reasonably safe and morally unproblematic enhancement, the decision will be an easy one. The subject will simply figure out her preferences and decide accordingly. The problem, however, is that there is substantial evidence that we are not very good at predicting what will satisfy our preferences. This is a general problem that applies to many different types of decisions, but I argue that there are additional complications when it comes to making decisions about enhancing ourselves. These arise not only for people interested in selecting enhancements but also for people who choose to abstain.
Changes in Inorganic Chemical Species in Fog Water over Delhi
Authors: Sheoran Rahul , Dumka Umesh Chandra , Sowmya Hulivahana Nagaraju , Bisht Deewan Singh , Srivastava Atul Kumar , Tiwari Suresh , Attri Shiv Dev , Hopke Philip Karl
Published: May 2022

Heavy fogs occur during the winter period over the part of northern India and impact aviation, public transport, the economy, public life, etc. During winter, fog water (FW) and non-monsoonal rainwater (NMRW) samples were collected in Delhi, which is a highly polluted and populated megacity in northern India. The collected FW and NMRW samples were analyzed for their inorganic chemical constituents (F−, Cl−, SO4
2−, NO3
−, NH4
+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+). The volume-weighted mean (VWM) pH, conductivity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) of FW were 6.89, 206 μS cm−1, and 107 mg L−1, respectively, indicating the dominance of alkaline species. The total measured ionic constituents (TMIC) in FW and NMRW were 5,738 and 814 μeq L−1, respectively, indicating highly concentrated FW in Delhi. The TMIC in FW were factors of 16 and 7 times more concentrated than MRW and NMRW samples, respectively. The concentrations of inorganic acidic species (SO4
2− and NO3
−) in FW were much higher than in monsoon rainwater (MRW: 3 and 5 times) and NMRW (8 and 12 times), respectively. Also, the concentrations of SO4
2− and NO3 in NMRW were approximately double compared to MRW indicating higher acidic species concentrations during the winter season over Delhi region. Significant decadal growth in the mean concentrations of ionic species in FW (SO4
2− - ~9 times; NH4
+ - double) were observed between 1985 and 2010. However, the nitrate decreased by ~28%. The higher SO4
2− is likely from heavy-duty vehicles that burn sulfur-containing fuel. The anions in FW, MRW, and NMRW contributed 20, 42, and 43%. However, the cation contributions were 80, 58, and 57%, respectively. The anion contributions were lower in FW than MRW and NMRW indicating the weak formation of acidic species in fog water. The observed alkalinity suggests that it is unlikely for acid precipitation to be present in this region.
Historical Perspective of Human Rights: An Analysis
Authors: Khanday Dr Qysar Ayoub , Ganai Dr Zahoor Ahmad
Published: May 2022

After the world war second in 1945 a new world order came into being, putting respect for human rights alongside peace, security and development as the primary objectives of the United Nations. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed in 1948, provided a frame work for a series of international human right conventions. The main objective of the study is to investigate and analysis the historical development of human rights. For conducting of this study data was collected from several articles, books, related documents and internet regarding human rights as a quality paper.
Rywalizacja międzynarodowa jako geneza konfliktu rosyjsko-ukraińskiego
Authors: Kunz Waldemar
Published: May 2022

Rywalizacja w sferze międzynarodowej, a także konflikty zbrojne między państwami i tarcia w obrębie organizacji międzynarodowych – nie zapominając o wojnach w wymiarze gospodarczo-technologicznym i ekonomiczno-handlowym, włącznie z problematyką odnoszącą się do bogactw naturalnych, surowców i energii – wpisują się w próbę usytuowania elit w nowej przestrzeni aksjologiczno-politycznej abstrahującej od dotychczasowego wzorca cywilizacyjnego. Temu wszystkiemu towarzyszą dodatkowo idee post-wartości, post-człowieka (np. transhumanizm) i post-prawdy. Wobec tego w niniejszym artykule przedstawiono istotę bezpieczeństwa militarnego na tle rywalizacji międzynarodowej państw i mocarstw, obserwowanej do 2021 roku. Biorąc pod uwagę tytuł artykułu, należy zaznaczyć, że analizowany przedmiot badań – ze względu na rozległość i złożoność podjętej tematyki – będzie przede wszystkim pojmowany w płaszczyźnie charakteru i specyfiki relacji międzypaństwowej. W szczególności wyróżniono kwestię rywalizacji i konfliktów pomiędzy głównymi aktorami państwowymi stosunków międzynarodowych o panowanie i dominację w skali globalnej. Odwołanie się do paradygmatu realistycznego i idealistycznego, w odniesieniu do sfery międzynarodowej i przy uwzględnieniu istniejących procesów transnarodowych i korporacyjnych, ukazuje globalistyczną transformację gospodarki i społeczeństwa oraz internalizację idei Nowego Porządku Świata, tudzież kryzys cywilizacyjno-kulturowy Zachodu.
The agathological horizon of Tischner’s philosophy of education as a horizon of “the promised land” and/or “land of denial”
Authors: Gara Jaroslaw
Published: May 2022

Józef Tischner’s philosophy of education reflects his assumed philosophy of man, which programmatically refers to the heuristic potential of “thinking from the depth of a metaphor”. Tischner’s agathology is based on the assumption that human life is governed by the “logos of good and evil”. Therefore, human existence takes the form of “dramatic existence”, and man himself appears as an “axiological being”, which experiences values and adopts specific attitudes towards them. In this meaning, one of the basic tasks of educators is conveying the “fundamental hope”, according to which discovering one’s life calling is possible. Therefore, education is a guide to authentic and original forms of the existential realization of good. The world as “the scene of human drama” embraces the hope that this world will become man’s “promised land” and the threat that it will be for him a “denied land”. In this context, human life plays out as the act of rooting or uprooting in the specific sphere of human experience, considered both physically and symbolically, including “home”, “workshop”, “temple”, or “cemetery”. Although in his concept of philosophy of drama, Tischner does not refer directly to the issue of education in the perspectives of the “promised land” and “land of denial” addressed here, there are many indications that these issues supplement his statements that directly define his concept of education.
The image of a vocational school teacher in the eyes of students and its relationship with the effectiveness of education
Authors: Pardej Katarzyna , Waszkowski Robert
Published: May 2022

The article discusses the competencies of vocational education teachers, as well as discusses the results of own research, which aimed to determine three types of teachers conceptualized by students - the most liked, the least liked, and the dream one.
The research used the interview method, where the research technique was an interview, and the research tool was an interview questionnaire. The students' statements were analyzed using the Python Natural Language Toolkit used for natural language processing. In this way, the most common words used by students in describing teachers were selected. As a result, the personal qualities and pedagogical competencies of mechatronic teachers that students approve and disapprove of, as well as those that they lack and which would make a difference to the effectiveness of education, were identified.
Opinions on the preparation of history teachers presented in the press of "Wiadomości Historyczno-Dydaktyczne" (1933-1939)
Authors: Czarnecka Iwona
Published: May 2022

In the journal "Wiadomości Historyczno-Dydaktyczne" published in 1933-1939 historians' opinions were printed. They were aboyt preparation for the work of history teacher. From this preparation the level of implementation of the new curricula for this subject depended. The authors of the articles noticed the disadvantages of education history teachers at the time. They pointed to wrong solutions, postulated various changes which, in their opinion, were hepl and enable proper education of staff for general and secondary eduacation. At he same time, they developed proposals for these changes themselves and presented them in the journal.
Instance Selection for Music Genre Classification using Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Silva Angelo Cesar Mendes da , Carmo Paulo Ricardo Viviurka do , Marcacini Ricardo Marcondes , Silva Diego Furtado
Published: May 2022

In scenarios involving musical data, there are usually high-dimensional data and different modalities, such as audio and text, that cost more in machine learning tasks. Instance selection is a promising approach as pre-processing step to reduce these challenges. With the intent to explore the multimodality in music information, we introduce musical data instance selection into heterogeneous network models. We propose and evaluate ten different heterogeneous networks to identify more representative relationships with various musical features related, including songs, artists, genres, and melspectrogram. The results obtained allow us to define which network structure is more appropriate considering the volume of available data and the type of information that the features have. Finally, we analyze the relevance of the musical features, and the relationship does not contribute for instance selection.
Tempo estimation via neural networks - a comparative analysis
Authors: Souza Mila Soares de Oliveira de , Moura Pedro Nuno de Souza , Briot Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a comparative analysis on two artificial neural networks (with different architectures) for the task of tempo estimation. For this purpose, it also proposes the modeling, training and evaluation of a B-RNN (Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Network) model capable of estimating tempo in bpm (beats per minutes) of musical pieces, without using external auxiliary modules. An extensive database (12,333 pieces in total) was curated to conduct a quantitative and qualitative analysis over the experiment. Percussion-only tracks were also included inthe dataset. The performance of the B-RNN is compared to that of state-of-the-art models. For further comparison, a state-of-the-art CNN was also retrained with the same datasets used for the B-RNN training. Evaluation results for each model and datasets are presented and discussed, as well as observations and ideas for future research. Tempo estimation was more accurate for the percussion-only dataset, suggesting that the estimation can be more accurate for percussion-only tracks, although further experiments (with more of such datasets) should be made to gather stronger evidence.