bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rats with high aerobic capacity display enhanced transcriptional adaptability and upregulation of bile acid metabolism in response to an acute high‐fat diet
Authors: Stierwalt Harrison D. , Morris E. Matthew , Maurer Adrianna , Apte Udayan , Phillips Kathryn , Li Tiangang , Meers Grace M. E. , Koch Lauren G. , Britton Steven L. , Graf Greg , Rector R. Scott , Mercer Kelly , Shankar Kartik , Thyfault John P.
Published: August 2022

Rats selectively bred for the high intrinsic aerobic capacity runner (HCR) or low aerobic capacity runner (LCR) show pronounced differences in susceptibility for high‐fat/high sucrose (HFHS) diet‐induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance, replicating the protective effect of high aerobic capacity in humans. We have previously shown multiple systemic differences in energy and substrate metabolism that impacts steatosis between HCR and LCR rats. This study aimed to investigate hepatic‐specific mechanisms of action via changes in gene transcription. Livers of HCR rats had a greater number of genes that significantly changed in response to 3‐day HFHS compared with LCR rats (171 vs. 75 genes: >1.5‐fold, p < 0.05). HCR and LCR rats displayed numerous baseline differences in gene expression while on a low‐fat control diet (CON). A 3‐day HFHS diet resulted in greater expression of genes involved in the conversion of excess acetyl‐CoA to cholesterol and bile acid (BA) synthesis compared with the CON diet in HCR, but not LCR rats. These results were associated with higher fecal BA loss and lower serum BA concentrations in HCR rats. Exercise studies in rats and mice also revealed higher hepatic expression of cholesterol and BA synthesis genes. Overall, these results suggest that high aerobic capacity and exercise are associated with upregulated BA synthesis paired with greater fecal excretion of cholesterol and BA, an effect that may play a role in protection against hepatic steatosis in rodents.
Platelet polyphosphate and energy metabolism in professional male athletes (soccer players): A cross‐sectional pilot study
Authors: Ushiki Takashi , Mochizuki Tomoharu , Suzuki Katsuya , Kamimura Masami , Ishiguro Hajime , Watanabe Satoshi , Omori Go , Yamamoto Noriaki , Kawase Tomoyuki
Published: August 2022

Human platelet polyphosphate (polyP) is a multifunctional molecule; however, its functions are not yet fully understood. A recent study demonstrated that similar to skeletal muscle, polyP is involved in energy metabolism in platelets, which suggests that well‐trained athletes may exhibit elevated platelet polyP levels for energy storage. To test this hypothesis, we quantified platelet polyP along with NADH, a component involved in ATP production in non‐trained and well‐trained male Japanese participants of the same generation. Washed platelets were prepared from the venous blood of young, healthy, non‐athletes, and professional soccer players (pro‐athletes). NADH and polyP levels were spectrophotometrically determined using tetrazolium reduction and fluorometrically determined using 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole at the excitation/emission wavelengths of 425/525 nm. Body weight and impedances were measured simultaneously. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Although basal metabolic rate levels were significantly higher, platelet polyP levels were significantly lower in pro‐athletes than in that in non‐athletes. No significant differences were detected in other body compositions or platelet indices between the two groups. The pro‐athlete group showed a moderate, nearly significant correlation (R = 0.439; p = 0.0512) between platelet polyP and NADH levels. Taken together with the weak correlation data between polyP and body mass index, it is suggested that platelet polyP levels may be influenced by platelet and body energy metabolic activity. Further biochemical studies are needed to elucidate this mechanism.
Chinese normotensive and essential hypertensive reference intervals for plasma aldosterone and renin activity by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Cheng Jenny Yeuk-Ki , Wong Felix Chi-Kin , Chow Edith Wing-Kar , Lau Wendy Wan-Hang , Cheung Kitty Kit-Ting , Cheng Timothy Hua-Tse , Tsui Teresa Kam-Chi , Chan Alan Shek-Lun , Lo Clara Wai-Shan , Ho Chung-Shun
Published: August 2022

Objectives

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) regulates blood pressure. Plasma renin activities (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC) are biomarkers related to RAAS. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based measurements for PRA and PAC have become popular. Method-specific reference intervals (RIs) are required.

Methods

Routine PRA and PAC services in a Hong Kong teaching hospital were based on LC-MS/MS methods. PRA and PAC RIs were developed for normotensive subjects and essential hypertensive (EH) patients. Healthy volunteers were recruited to establish normotensive RIs. PRA and PAC results of hypertensive patients with urine aldosterone tests for primary aldosteronism (PA) screening were retrieved from the laboratory information system. Patients without PA were included. Patients with secondary hypertension and patients on medications affecting the RAAS were excluded. The central 95% RIs were established based on the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline C28-A3.

Results

PRA and PAC of 170 normotensive volunteers and 362 EH patients were analysed. There was no sex-specific difference in PRA and PAC for normotensive and EH reference subjects. Differences for PRA and PAC were noted between normotensive subjects aged below 45 and their older counterparts. However, such a difference was only identified for PRA but not PAC in EH patients. Age-specific RIs were established accordingly.

Conclusions

This study presented age-specific LC-MS/MS RIs of PRA and PAC for both normotensive and EH populations for local Chinese in Hong Kong.
Design and performance analysis of WDM-FSO communication system using Polarization Shift Keying
Authors: Dwivedi Shruti , Singh Garima , Sisodia Divya , Kaur Gurjit
Published: August 2022

FSO is the best communication medium for data transmission because of its high bandwidth, effective deployability and maximum transmission data rates with very high security. In this research paper an optical network model has been designed in the optisystem for different modulation schemes with WDM to enhance the capacity of the system. Attenuations for different weather conditions in Dehradun have been calculated and the performance has been evaluated accordingly. The performance is analysed in terms of BER (Bit Error Rate), maximum Q-factor, and eye height for each of the modulation schemes at different transmission distances and different weather attenuations. Analysis comprehends that the polarization shift keying is the best modulation technique for the WDM-FSO communication network among all. Thus, we suggest a model for an optical communication network using WDM and PolSK modulation scheme for Dehradun (Uttarakhand), where internet service is not very easy due to its extreme weather variations and got the excellent performance.
Structural neighbourhood characteristics, perceived collective efficacy and perceived disorder: a multilevel study on fear of crime
Authors: Hardyns Wim , Pauwels Lieven J. R. , Khalfa Robin
Published: August 2022

This study examines whether residential stability and neighbourhood SES, two key neighbourhood structural characteristics from Social Disorganisation Theory (SDT), have a contextual effect on perceived social trust, perceived informal social control, and perceived social disorder and whether these contextual structural and perceptual measures are related to three measures of fear of crime, independent of population composition. Attention is paid to three well-known dimensions of fear of crime: risk perception (cognitive), fear (emotional) and avoidance behaviour (behavioural). The results demonstrate that neighbourhood residential stability is strongly related to perceptual measures of collective efficacy (perceived social trust and perceived informal social control) and perceived social disorder, controlling for demographic background characteristics and individual level social capital. The implications of these findings and avenues for future studies are discussed.
Effect of elevated test temperature on the tensile strength and failure mechanism of hot-pressed dissimilar joints of laser ablation-treated AA5754-H111 and thermoplastic composite
Authors: Öztoprak Nahit , Gençer Gökçe Mehmet
Published: August 2022

Evaluation of directly bonded single-lap joint (SLJ) obtained using Al5754 alloy and 20 wt% long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene (PP) is performed via the lap-shear testing at various temperatures. A fiber laser is used to form a multi-groove microstructure on the aluminum (Al) surface. The bonding regions are investigated microscopically before and after the mechanical testing. Dissimilar joint is manufactured under a 100 kN force at 200 °C for 60 min through hot-pressing technique without using any adhesives. Afterward, lap-shear strength of the joints is determined under elevated working temperatures (25, 75 and 125 °C). Damaged surfaces are also scrutinized for studying the failure mechanism of the joints. According to the experimental results, mechanical anchoring between the Al alloy substrate and thermoplastic composite (TPC) is formed at the interface through the applied laser treatment. Strength exhibits a significant decrease with the test temperature increasing from 25 to 125 °C. Fiber/matrix debonding is the dominant failure mode in the composite adherend. The SEM observations also highlight the pulled-out fibers in the PP composite at the elevated temperatures.
Effect of isothermal heat treatments under Ms temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of commercial high-silicon spring steel
Authors: Murathan Ömer Faruk , Kilicli Volkan
Published: August 2022

The effect of isothermal heat treatment temperatures under martensite start (Ms) temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-silicon commercial spring steel has been investigated. For this purpose, tensile specimens are prepared from AISI 9254 steel isothermally heat-treated under Ms temperatures (225 °C, 250 °C, and 275 °C) for 168 h after austenitizing at 870 °C for 30 min. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to characterize the microstructures of the specimens. Mechanical properties were determined by the tensile and hardness tests. Experimental results revealed that microstructure consists of carbide-free bainite, carbon enriched retained austenite, and martensite in high-silicon spring steel by the isothermal treatment under Ms temperature. The yield and tensile strength were increased by decreasing the isothermal temperature. However, uniform elongation and breaking energy were decreased by decreasing the isothermal temperature. The specimen which was isothermally heat-treated at 250 °C under Ms temperature showed a very good combination of tensile strength and total elongation as 2046 MPa and 8.5%, respectively. Dimples along with cap and cone formation which are evidence of a ductile fracture were observed in fractured surfaces of all isothermally heat-treated specimens.
Modeling of hexagonal honeycomb hybrids for variation of Poisson’s ratio
Authors: Houssem Eddine Fiala , Toufik Benmansour , Brahim Issasfa
Published: August 2022

In this research, the compressive behavior of structures consisting of two types of cells were studied (honeycombs and re-entrant), in order to know the effect of the ratios of these cells on the mechanical properties of the structures. In addition, by controlling the Poisson’s ratio with a constant Young’s modulus, three types of structures (traditional honeycomb, auxetic and zero Poisson’s ratio (ZPR)) were obtained together with the ability to control their mechanical properties without changing the geometric properties of the cell. Numerical models were created and compared with the results obtained from the structures manufactured by the 3D printer experimentally, and where the Young’s modulus, Poisson factor and compressive deformation were close to the experimental results. In this current research, new structures have been proposed by incorporating traditional honeycomb cells with auxiliary honeycomb cells into a single structure without changing the cell geometry. The aim was to control the Poisson’s ratio in order to obtain all types of structures mentioned above without changing the geometric properties of the cell.
Improvement of incremental sheet metal forming with the help of a pressurised fluid system
Authors: Küçüktürk Gökhan , Yazgın Hürcan Volkan
Published: August 2022

The single point incremental sheet forming process is a flexible manufacturing process to produce complex three-dimensional products. Unlike traditional forming processes, the single point incremental sheet forming process does not require unique tools or die. This method is constantly being improved to increase the uniform formability of the material. The fluid assisted single point incremental sheet metal forming process with a newly developed system was experimentally investigated in this research. A controlled pressure fluid was applied to the forming surface in the opposite direction during shaping. Shaping processes were carried out using different fluid pressure values. The effect of this pressurised system on the forming quality was investigated by considering material wall thickness changes, heat generation and surface roughness. The results were compared with the results obtained with the traditional single point incremental sheet forming method. It has been determined that our method increases the formability of the finished product and shows a homogeneous thickness distribution.
Meta-analysis of the effects of palmitic acid on microglia activation and neurodegeneration
Authors: Zhou Heping , Chang Sulie L.
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Evidence suggests that obesity may represent a risk factor for neurodegenerative pathologies including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). With excessive accumulation of adipose tissue, obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, increased production of adipokines, elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) including palmitic acid (PA), the most abundant saturated fatty acid (SFA) in circulation. Excessive PA has been shown to induce lipotoxicity in many different types of cells including microglia and neuronal cells. We hypothesized that PA may contribute to the development of obesity-associated neurological conditions.

Methods

This study was designed to examine how increased PA may affect microglia activation and neurodegeneration using QIAGEN Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Kramer analysis was used to quantitatively characterize the impact of PA on microglia activation and neurodegeneration.

Results

Simulated increase of PA enhanced the activities of intermediating molecules including CCL5, IL1β, IL1RN, IL6, NF-κB, NOS2, PTGS2, TLR2, TLR4, and TNF. Increased PA level induced microglia activation with a z score of 2.38 (p=0.0173) and neurodegeneration with a z score of 1.55 (p=0.121). Increased PA level also activated neuroinflammation signaling pathway, the top canonical pathway associated with both microglia activation and neurodegeneration.

Conclusions

Our IPA analysis demonstrated that increased PA significantly induced microglia activation and might augment neurodegeneration by altering the activities of key intermediating molecules and canonical pathways. Our findings shed light on how increased PA level may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative pathologies in the course of obesity.
Nietzsche’s Ariadne: On Asses’s Ears in Botticelli/Dürer – and Poussin’s Bacchanale
Authors: Babich Babette
Published: August 2022

In what follows I raise the question of Ariadne and Dionysus for Nietzsche, including the relative size of Ariadne’s ears, as Dionysus observes at the close of “Ariadne’s Lament” [Klage der Ariadne]. Nietzsche’s references to ears invoke not only Nietzsche’s “selective” concern with having the right ears (both to hear what he says and with respect to his discovery regarding ancient Greek tragedy: hearing with one’s eyes, that is the relation of ancient Greek music in the word) but also the question of myth and genealogical context. Reading through myth is key not only in terms of the textual, lyric tradition but also painting and sculpture, including sarcophagi in antiquity. It makes all the difference to ask, as Karl Kerényi cites Nietzsche as asking: Wer weiß …was Ariadne ist? And not less: who was she to Dionysus? To this extent, Nietzsche’s concern with ears, small and long, is less incidental or furry fetish than hermeneutic attunement.
Robot visual navigation estimation and target localization based on neural network
Authors: Zhao Yanping , Gupta Rajeev Kumar , Onyema Edeh Michael
Published: August 2022

The high computational cost, complex external environment, and limited computing resources of embedded system are some major problems in traditional autonomous robot navigation methods. To overcome these problems, a mobile robot path planning navigation system based on panoramic vision was proposed. This method first describes the structure and functions of the navigation system. It explains how to use the environment to explore and map in order to create a panoramic vision sensor. Finally, it elaborates on the breadth-first search based on regression neural network (RNN) method, the Voronoi skeleton diagram method, the algorithm principle, and how to navigate by the planning path implementation of practical strategies. The simulation results illustrate that the breadth-first search method and the Voronoi skeleton graph method based on panoramic view have a high speed. The accessibility of RNN planning algorithm can effectively solve the difficult problems such as high computing overhead, complex navigation environment, and limited computing resources. In the actual robot navigation experiment, the difference in real-time performance and optimality performance that exists between the two algorithms is reflected in the length and duration of the course taken by the robot. When applied to a variety of site environments, the breadth-first search method requires between 23.2 and 45.3% more time to calculate the planned path than the Voronoi skeleton graph method, despite the fact that the planned path length is between 20.7 and 35.9% shorter using the breadth-first search method. It serves as a guide for choosing the appropriate algorithm to implement in practical applications.
Numeral Reduplication and Clausal Syntax: Grammaticalized Distributivity in Medieval Iberia
Authors: Corr Alice
Published: August 2022

This study examines a little-known case of grammaticalized distributivity in the Romance branch, as found in tenth to fifteenth century texts produced in the Iberian Peninsula. Analysis of a newly compiled, hand-annotated corpus demonstrates that, in Old Ibero-Romance, the reduplication of an adnominal cardinal numeral on the internal argument of the verb mandates a distributive reading at the sentential level. The distributive construction is characterized as ‘double-object’-like structure occurring only in expressions of dynamic and static possession. Whilst a cross-categorial operation originating in the DP edge triggers pluralization of the event itself, an applicative treatment of the clausal syntax not only captures the ‘double-object’-like structure of the construction, but the nature of the distributive relation itself.
Schulische Zweitsprachvermittlung und Zweitspracherwerb während der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Binanzer Anja , Cristante Valentina , Wecker Verena
Published: August 2022

During the first months of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, German schools were predominantly closed and students were supposed to be taught at home. This also applied to German as a second language classes (GSL). Considering the fact that second language acquisition crucially depends on a high amount of input in direct interaction and that online learning methods were not common in Germany before the pandemic, we assume that school closures had a high impact on second language teaching and learning. In particular, we hypothesize that the shift from classroom to distance learning has significantly affected a) the teaching methods of second language teachers, b) the language skills covered in these classes and c) the growth of students’ competencies in their second language.

To verify these assumptions, we conducted an online survey among GSL teachers. The survey consisted of retrospective questions about the amount of lessons taught and teaching methods as well as students’ language development before, during and after the school closures.

Data from 166 GSL teachers who stated that they provided distance teaching for their students during school closures shows that during the school closure a) communicatively oriented methods were used significantly less than before and after, b) the teaching of oral skills was considered significantly less compared to the teaching of written skills, c) teachers predominantly evaluated the development of the students’ competencies in most language skills as unchanged or even reduced.
Beobachtungen zu [nja] in deutscher Spontansprache
Authors: Brackhane Fabian , Ruhrmann Christiane
Published: August 2022

This paper presents observations on the phonetic realisations of the German particles ja – ‘yes’ and naja – approximately ‘well’. As part of a large-scale study on the particle ja, we identified numerous instances in the dataset that had been orthographically transcribed as ja, but were phonetically realised as [nja]. Using phonetic and functional parameters, we explore the question whether these instances can be attributed to either the lexeme ja or naja. While phonetic measurements yield ambivalent results, analyses of pragmatic parameters such as function and turn position seem to indicate that [nja] was predominantly intended to be ja, although some functional differences between ja and [nja] could also be identified.
Dynamics of Temporal Integration in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
Authors: Alexander Prescott C. , Alitto Henry J. , Fisher Tucker G. , Rathbun Daniel L. , Weyand Theodore G. , Usrey W. Martin
Published: August 2022

Before visual information from the retina reaches primary visual cortex (V1), it is dynamically filtered by the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus, the first location within the visual hierarchy at which nonretinal structures can significantly influence visual processing. To explore the form and dynamics of geniculate filtering we used data from monosynpatically connected pairs of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and LGN relay cells in the cat that, under anesthetized conditions, were stimulated with binary white noise and/or drifting sine-wave gratings to train models of increasing complexity to predict which RGC spikes were relayed to cortex, what we call “relay status.” In addition, we analyze and compare a smaller dataset recorded in the awake state to assess how anesthesia might influence our results. Consistent with previous work, we find that the preceding retinal interspike interval (ISI) is the primary determinate of relay status with only modest contributions from longer patterns of retinal spikes. Including the prior activity of the LGN cell further improved model predictions, primarily by indicating epochs of geniculate burst activity in recordings made under anesthesia, and by allowing the model to capture gain control-like behavior within the awake LGN. Using the same modeling framework, we further demonstrate that the form of geniculate filtering changes according to the level of activity within the early visual circuit under certain stimulus conditions. This finding suggests a candidate mechanism by which a stimulus specific form of gain control may operate within the LGN.
Arctic sea ice albedo: Spectral composition, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal evolution observed during the MOSAiC drift
Authors: Light Bonnie , Smith Madison M. , Perovich Donald K. , Webster Melinda A. , Holland Marika M. , Linhardt Felix , Raphael Ian A. , Clemens-Sewall David , Macfarlane Amy R. , Anhaus Philipp , Bailey David A.
Published: August 2022

The magnitude, spectral composition, and variability of the Arctic sea ice surface albedo are key to understanding and numerically simulating Earth’s shortwave energy budget. Spectral and broadband albedos of Arctic sea ice were spatially and temporally sampled by on-ice observers along individual survey lines throughout the sunlit season (April–September, 2020) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. The seasonal evolution of albedo for the MOSAiC year was constructed from spatially averaged broadband albedo values for each line. Specific locations were identified as representative of individual ice surface types, including accumulated dry snow, melting snow, bare and melting ice, melting and refreezing ponded ice, and sediment-laden ice. The area-averaged seasonal progression of total albedo recorded during MOSAiC showed remarkable similarity to that recorded 22 years prior on multiyear sea ice during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) expedition. In accord with these and other previous field efforts, the spectral albedo of relatively thick, snow-free, melting sea ice shows invariance across location, decade, and ice type. In particular, the albedo of snow-free, melting seasonal ice was indistinguishable from that of snow-free, melting second-year ice, suggesting that the highly scattering surface layer that forms on sea ice during the summer is robust and stabilizing. In contrast, the albedo of ponded ice was observed to be highly variable at visible wavelengths. Notable temporal changes in albedo were documented during melt and freeze onset, formation and deepening of melt ponds, and during melt evolution of sediment-laden ice. While model simulations show considerable agreement with the observed seasonal albedo progression, disparities suggest the need to improve how the albedo of both ponded ice and thin, melting ice are simulated.
Treatment of decentered developmental dysplasia of the hip under the age of 1 year: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline - Part 2
Authors: de Witte Pieter Bas , van Bergen Christiaan J A , de Geest Babette L , Willeboordse Floor , van Linge Joost H , den Hartog Yvon M , (Margret) M H P Foreman-van Drongel Magritha , Pereboom Renske M , Robben Simon G F , Burger Bart J , Witlox M Adhiambo , Witbreuk Melinda M E H
Published: August 2022

Background and purpose

Diagnostics and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are highly variable in clinical practice. To obtain more uniform and evidence-based treatment pathways, we developed the ‘Dutch guideline for DDH in children < 1 year’. This study describes recommendations for unstable and decentered hips.

Materials and methods

The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation criteria (AGREE II) were applied. A systematic literature review was performed for six predefined guideline questions. Recommendations were developed, based on literature findings, as well as harms/benefits, patient/parent preferences, and costs (GRADE).

Results

The systematic literature search resulted in 843 articles and 11 were included. Final guideline recommendations are (i) Pavlik harness is the preferred first step in the treatment of (sub) luxated hips; (ii) follow-up with ultrasound at 3–4 and 6–8 weeks; (iii) if no centered and stable hip after 6–8 weeks is present, closed reduction is indicated; (iv) if reduction is restricted by limited hip abduction, adductor tenotomy is indicated; (v) in case of open reduction, the anterior, anterolateral, or medial approach is advised, with the choice based on surgical preference and experience; (vi) after reduction (closed/open), a spica cast is advised for 12 weeks, followed by an abduction device in case of residual dysplasia.

Interpretation

This study presents recommendations on the treatment of decentered DDH, based on the available literature and expert consensus, as Part 2 of the first official and national evidence-based ‘Guideline for DDH in children < 1 year’. Part 1 describes the guideline sections on centered DDH in a separate article.
Early-onset scoliosis: a narrative review
Authors: Ruiz Geovanny , Torres-Lugo Norberto J , Marrero-Ortiz Pablo , Guzmán Humberto , Olivella Gerardo , Ramírez Norman
Published: August 2022

Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is defined as any spinal deformity that is present before 10 years old, regardless of etiology.

Deformity must be evaluated based on the intercorrelation between the lungs, spine, and thorax.

Curvatures of early-onset have increased risk of progression, cardiorespiratory problems, and increased morbidity and mortality.

Progression of the deformity may produce thoracic insufficiency syndrome, where a distorted thorax is unable to support normal respiratory function or lung growth.

Management and treatment of EOS should pursue a holistic approach in which the psychological impact and quality of life of the patient are also taken into consideration.

Growth-friendly surgical techniques have not met the initial expectations of correcting scoliotic deformity, promoting thoracic growth, and improving pulmonary function.
Mantle gravity anomaly and recent activation in the territory of Ukraine
Authors: GORDIENKO V.V.
Published: August 2022

The study of the zones of modern activation on the territory of Ukraine for a long time was carried out using a complex of geological and geophysical methods. Each of them is not without its drawbacks. The results obtained allowed us to assume that the determination of the mantle anomaly of the gravitational field can be eliminated their significant part and serve as a unified criterion for identifying the zones of modern activation. For this, it is necessary to improve the methodology for calculating the effect of the earth’s crust, supplementing it with taking into account the degree of catagenesis of part of the rocks of the sedimentary layer, the effect of increased concentrations of ore minerals in the depths of regional magnetic anomalies, etc. Thus, a more accurate calculation of the effect along the DSS profiles can be achieved. In addition, it is necessary to ensure the determination of the gravitational effect of the crust in the area between the profiles. Kriging technology was used to solve this problem. It allows you to calculate the predicted values of the parameter using those known in other points and to estimate the error of the result. In our case, the usual kriging option was sufficient. To determine the errors, instead of the commonly used variograms, a comparison of data on one of the DSS profiles with those calculated by kriging from information on adjacent profiles was used. The resulting error turned out to be quite understandable, taking into account the errors of the initial data, and acceptable for using the results for mapping the mantle gravity anomaly, and, consequently, the zones of modern activation of Ukraine. The constructed map demonstrates some difference in the location of the anomaly (and, accordingly, the recent activization — RA zones) from the previously established one. In particular, the anomaly is absent in the Desnyanskiy basin of the Dnieper-Donetsk depression. Actually, the gravitational mantle anomaly was absent there before, the spread of the RA zone into the basin was indicated by other criteria of low reliability. It is possible to record the presence of an anomaly in the territory between the Azov and Donbas regions, where it was not previously diagnosed. This result still needs to be supported by additional data. First of all, due to the observed significant discrepancies between different variants of velocity sections along the DSS profiles.
Some issues in the organization of oceanographic expeditionary research in modern Ukraine
Authors: GORDIEIEV A.Yu.
Published: August 2022

The article considers the organizational framework of oceanographic scientific expedition research. The classification provided and the essence of the main factors in the organization of oceanographic expeditionary research. Problems have been identified and solutions proposed.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia Disease Severity
Authors: Lee Jaclyn , Zhu Yuwei , Williams Derek J. , Self Wesley H. , Arnold Sandra R. , McCullers Jonathan A. , Ampofo Krow , Pavia Andrew T. , Anderson Evan J. , Jain Seema , Edwards Kathryn M. , Grijalva Carlos G.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

No standardized risk assessment tool exists for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. This study aims to investigate the association between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and pediatric CAP.

Methods

Data prospectively collected by the Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community study (2010–2012) was used. Study population was pediatric patients admitted to tertiary care hospitals in Nashville and Memphis, Tennessee with clinically and radiographically confirmed CAP. The earliest measured RDW value on admission was used, in quintiles and also as a continuous variable. Outcomes analyzed were: severe CAP (requiring ICU, mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support, or death) or moderate CAP (hospital admission only). Analysis used multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines modeling.

RESULTS

In 1459 eligible children, the median age was 29 months (interquartile range: 12–73), median RDW was 13.3% (interquartile range: 12.5–14.3), and 289 patients (19.8%) developed severe disease. In comparison with the lowest RDW quintile (Q1), the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for severe CAP in subsequent quintiles were, Q2: 1.20 (0.72–1.99); Q3: 1.28 (0.76–2.14); Q4: 1.69 (1.01–2.82); Q5: 1.25 (0.73–2.13). Consistently, RDW restricted cubic splines demonstrated an independent, nonlinear, positive association with CAP severity (P = .027), with rapid increases in the risk of severe CAP with RDW values up to 15%.

CONCLUSIONS

Higher presenting RDW was associated with an increased risk of severe CAP in hospitalized children. Widely available and inexpensive, RDW can serve as an objective data point to help with clinical assessments.
Bicuspid Aortic Stenosis with and without Aortopathy: Considerations for Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement versus Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Lee Arthur J , Baig Imran , Harrington Katherine B , Szerlip Molly
Published: August 2022

The treatment of aortic stenosis has evolved in recent years with the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as a complementary strategy to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). The majority of clinical trials to date have included only tricuspid aortic stenosis and excluded bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs). BAVs are associated with unique challenges related to their anatomy, clinical presentation, and association with aortopathy. BAV has a spectrum of phenotypes and the classification is still evolving. There have been no definitive clinical guidelines on triaging BAV patients towards TAVR or SAVR. Given that TAVR is moving from high-risk to low-risk patients and becoming more widely used in the treatment of BAV, there are many factors that must be considered. The aim of this article is to review the literature and present considerations for heart teams to discuss in order to offer patients the best lifetime management strategy for BAV stenosis.
Microorganismos asociados a la enfermedad conocida como pudrición suave del fruto de banano (musa sp.) y alternativas de control microbiológicas y químicas a nivel in vitro
Authors: Vargas Fernández Jose Pablo , Wang Wong Amy , Muñoz Fonseca Miguel
Published: August 2022

Introducción. La Pudrición Suave del Fruto (PSF) es una enfermedad precosecha que afecta a las musáceas. En renovación de plantaciones, las pérdidas por esta enfermedad alcanzan desde 0,3 hasta 1,2 t.ha-1.año-1 de fruta. Objetivo. Describir los síntomas de la PSF, a partir de los agentes asociados para evaluar a nivel in vitro posibles alternativas microbiológicas y químicas para su control. Materiales y métodos. La descripción de los síntomas, identificación de agentes asociados y pruebas de patogenicidad se realizaron a partir del análisis de tejido enfermo de frutos de 11 y 12 semanas de edad. El potencial de 13 formulaciones comerciales de cepas puras y mezclas de microorganismos, 4 formulaciones de cobre y una formulación de yodo fueron evaluadas contra los agentes asociados a la PSF, mediante la metodología del doble enfrentamiento. Se midió el diámetro menor y mayor del anillo de inhibición, a las 24, 48 y 120 horas. Se realizó un análisis de variancia (ANDEVA) con una prueba LSD Fisher y una probabilidad del 5%. Resultados. El agente asociado a PSF fue aislado de tejido enfermo e identificado como Erwinia chrysanthemi (Dickeya chrysanthemi). Debido a que siempre fue aislada del tejido enfermo, su patogenicidad se logró comprobar mediante los postulados de Koch. Se presume una participación conjunta de Erwinia carotovora (Pectobacterium carotovorum) debido a que siempre fue asilada del tejido enfermo. El mejor efecto antagonista in vitro sobre Erwinia chrysanthemi se obtuvo con los microorganismos Bacillus pumilus cepa QST2808 y Bacillus subtilis cepa QST713. El mejor efecto in vitro de las fuentes químicas evaluadas se obtuvo con la dosis completa y media dosis de sulfato de cobre al 28,8%, y la dosis más alta de Iodo-Etanol al 2,5%. Conclusión. Se logró identificar el agente asociado a la enfermedad, además, se proponen alternativas microbiológicas y químicas con potencial inhibitorio in vitro para considerarse en pruebas de campo.
Frecuencias de aplicación de bioproducto en el desarrollo y el control de enfermedades de cafeto
Authors: Ferrás Negrín Yusdel , Portal Rodríguez Marianny , Bustamante González Carlos Alberto , Sánchez Esmori Ciro
Published: August 2022

Introducción. Los microorganismos eficientes se han convertido en una práctica común como estrategia de manejo agrícola sostenible y han sido ampliamente usados con diferentes propósitos. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de frecuencias de aplicaciones del bioproducto en el desarrollo de cafeto y el control de enfermedades en su primer año de plantado. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se desarrolló en la Estación Experimental Agro-Forestal en Jibacoa, Villa Clara, Cuba. Se asperjó a 5 L.ha1 a una concentración del 2% con frecuencias: mensuales, bimensuales, trimestrales y un tratamiento sin aspersiones (Control). Al año de establecida la plantación se evaluó a los cafetos: morfología (la altura, el diámetro del tallo, el diámetro de la copa), enfermedades (índice de infestación y de distribución de la mancha de hierro y la roya). Resultados. Con las aspersiones mensuales se manifestó una tendencia de mejora en el desarrollo de los cafetos. Al asperjar mensualmente el bioproducto se disminuyó en un 57,2% y 45,8% el índice de infestación y de distribución respectivamente de la mancha de hierro en comparación al control. En la roya la aplicación mensual y bimensual disminuyó en un 69,5% y 65,8% respectivamente el índice de infestación y en un 60,6% y 57,9% de igual manera el índice de distribución. Conclusiones. Las aspersiones mensuales con del bioproducto es una alternativa ecológica a emplear en el primer año de plantado el café al controlar la roya, la mancha de hierro con una tendencia a mejorar el desarrollo de las plantas.
First records of Utricularia breviscapa C. Wright ex Griseb. (Lentibulariaceae) for Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Pestana Mateus C.A. , Mendonça Niksoney A. , Oliveira Rafael F. , Bastos Maria da C. C. , Silva Maria I. , Barroso Amabille M. , Hora Regis C. , Guarçoni Elidio A. E.
Published: August 2022

We report the first record of Utricularia breviscapa from the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. We collected this species in the municipality of Chapadinha, eastern Maranhão, within the Cerrado domain. This work adds new information on the flora of Maranhão and on the distribution of U. breviscapa. Illustrations and descriptions are also provided.
SISTEMA ÚNICO DE CIDADANIA (SUC): PROPOSTA DE INTEGRAÇÃO DA BASE DE DADOS DOS CÍVEIS
Authors: Fonseca Ana Beatriz Machado de Oliveira , Barbosa Maria Vitória Bernardino , Freitas de Araújo Laura Beatriz , Leiros Alves Sophia Helen
Published: August 2022

O presente projeto tem como objetivo principal promover um Sistema Único de Cidadania (SUC), o qual se refere a um software onde serão imputadas todas as informações oficiais dos cidadãos em uma única plataforma, pois percebe-se nos órgãos públicos um grande interesse por um ambiente de integração entre Sistemas de Informação (SI 's). Com o uso destas ferramentas, eles conseguem definir estratégias de crescimento sólido, reduzir as perdas e projetar ações que possam causar grande impacto futuramente, garantindo a consistência das informações e automatizando o fluxo das informações, reduzindo a capacidade de gerar erros. Este sistema terá como função primordial integrar os bancos de dados das instituições governamentais, facilitando os processos de acesso à informação e consequentemente diminuindo o Lead Time nas operações de coleta, armazenagem e disseminação de dados, tornando o desempenho operacional e gerencial otimizado. A metodologia adotada é qualitativa, baseada em um estudo documental, estruturada através de pesquisas realizadas em sítios eletrônicos de órgãos governamentais e por intermédio de entrevistas com gestores desses âmbitos públicos, a fim de se buscarem informações suficientes que subsidiam as respostas necessárias ao alcance do objetivo da pesquisa. O sistema proposto irá integrar os dados dos setores: da tributação, educação, segurança, saúde e cidadania, com o propósito de oferecer o melhor modelo de software para a população. Espera-se com isso, o mapeamento das relações e das interdependências dos serviços, e os cruzamentos de informações disponíveis, nestes. Com isso, obtendo o escopo e design do Sistema Único de Cidadania (SUC), no qual consiste, em caso de implantação, a redução de filas, burocracias e gastos, diferentemente de como acontece com os sistemas fragmentados, melhorando a qualidade do nível de serviço prestado.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DO MARKETING DIGITAL PARA OTIMIZAR AS VENDAS DAS EMPRESAS DE VESTUÁRIO DA CIDADE DE JOÃO-CÂMARA PERANTE O CENÁRIO DO COVID-19.
Authors: De Lima Lívia Araújo , De Menezes Maria Das Graças Silva , Silvino Marilson Donizetti
Published: August 2022

Com o decorrer da história e tempo, mudou-se a forma de se vender e comercializar produtos, e isto esteve e sempre vai estar em constante evolução. O marketing digital por exemplo, mudou completamente a maneira de relacionamento das empresas e clientes, pois o uso das mídias sociais nas empresas tem inúmeros benefícios, e um deles é acabar com a distância geográfica com seus consumidores, resultando assim no surgimento de novas estratégias. sabendo disso, buscará se analisar em uma pesquisa de Campo na cidade de João Câmara quais foram as alternativas que as empresas no setor de vestuário utilizaram para se sobressair em um dos períodos mais difíceis já vividos, com a chegada do Covid-19. Para tanto, vai se fazer necessário realizar um questionário para nos auxiliar na busca pelos devidos resultados. Onde, vai-se tentar estar identificando e analisando quais caminhos trouxeram mais efeito tanto para renda quanto para o comércio da região. Nesta pesquisa serão abordadas teorias de autores renomados da área, apresentando fundamentações e assistência aos temas colocados, que visem embasar de uma maneira mais concisa está análise. Quanto a Metodologia deste projeto ele se caracteriza sendo de natureza Quantitativa e Qualitativa, A pesquisa sendo exploratória e descritiva e o estudo bibliográfico e de Campo.
QUAL O VALOR DOS SEUS PROCESSOS? UMA PROPOSTA PARA BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Figueiredo Jéssica Liliane Peña , Cardozo Claudio Testoni , Kronmeyer Filho Oscar Rudy
Published: August 2022

Mudanças constantes fazem parte do ambiente corporativo das empresas que querem manter sua vantagem competitiva perante seus concorrentes, adaptando-se às demandas exigidas pelo mercado, tanto para seu próprio crescimento como até mesmo para sua sobrevivência. Assim, o uso de tecnologias de Business Intelligence no apoio à tomada de decisão não é mais novidade. Entretanto, a adaptação dos processos dessa área, muitas vezes, não acompanha a velocidade de mudança do ambiente da organização onde a empresa está inserida, diminuindo a geração do seu valor esperado. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar o valor a ser entregue pela área de Business Intelligence de uma organização e sugerir a estruturação de processos gerando valor alinhado à estratégia a partir de práticas de Business Process Management. O método utilizado foi baseado em um estudo de caso realizado em uma empresa multinacional de tecnologia da informação, utilizando como técnica de coleta de dados um questionário semiestruturado baseado no método Value Proposition Design. O resultado deste estudo explorou uma elaboração original de propostas de valor para os processos, que possibilitou sua identificação, análise e desenho. Conclui-se que é importante construir um ambiente de melhoria contínua para que os processos possam acompanhar a evolução e mudanças da empresa, e é fundamental direcionar todas as melhorias e ações para atender ao que é esperado pelo cliente. Como continuidade do estudo sugere-se avançar em outras áreas de conhecimento de Business Process Management, implementando práticas de gerenciamento de desempenho para acompanhamento do desempenho dos processos-chave.
ANÁLISE DO GERENCIAMENTO HUMANO NO MUSEU CÂMARA CASCUDO
Authors: Gonçalves Viviane Cândida
Published: August 2022

RESUMO O objetivo desse estudo é identificar os impactos da inexistência de um setor específico de gerenciamento humano no Museu Câmara Cascudo - MCC, referente à unidade organizacional da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, diretamente vinculado a Reitoria. A pesquisa classifica-se como exploratória, descritiva, bibliográfica e documental, utilizando a estratégia de estudo de caso, com vista analisar a desvinculação da estrutura organizacional ao setor de gestão de pessoas do MCC. Já que concebe o estudo da realidade de uma instituição, e por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa. Foi elaborado um levantamento teórico-metodológico sobre gestão de pessoas e estrutura organizacional. Os dados foram colhidos através de entrevista com gestores do Museu. No referencial teórico foram abordados os tópicos – gestão de pessoas e estrutura organizacional, nos quais se contemplam evidências de influência da estrutura organizacional sobre o comportamento das pessoas na organização. Por meio do desenvolvimento do presente estudo, concluiu-se que o MCC passa por um momento de transição relevante a modernização da gestão. Por fim espera-se que esse estudo colabore com trabalhos acadêmicos posteriores que também possam contribuir para a melhoria dos processos relacionados à gestão de pessoas.