bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on India-China agriculture trade dynamics: A comparative advantage analysis
Authors: Shukla Swaraj , Sadykova Kamilla , Tian Jinjin
Published: November 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the agriculture trade dynamic between India and China from 2002–2021. It employed the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) indices and various statistical analyses to assess the trade performance and provide an enhanced comprehension of the specialization pattern. The study has selected 45 agricultural commodities, categorized into seven sections according to the HS Nomenclature 2017. The findings revealed that India boasts a more diversified export portfolio compared to China, with a more significant number of agriculture chapters demonstrating a comparative advantage. Conversely, China’s export basket is more concentrated, featuring fewer chapters with a comparative advantage but higher values of RCA and RSCA. The paper also identified the prospective areas for agriculture-trade cooperation and collaboration between the two countries and put forward recommendations. This research aims to offer valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and traders to enhance bilateral ties and mutual benefits in the agriculture sector.
Immigrant-critical alternative media in online conversations
Authors: Yantseva Victoria , Vega Davide , Magnani Matteo
Published: November 2023

In this work, we explore the role of immigrant-critical alternative media in shaping collective emotions and users’ evaluations of the immigration issue, using a conversational approach and an empirical case of Flashback, a prominent Swedish online platform where many immigration-related discussions take place. Our text and network-based analysis of more than 9,000 conversations during the last election period reveals that the platform users consume and distribute diverging types of media content across a wide ideological spectrum which, however, has a limited influence on the evolution of conversations and users’ stances in the immigration debate. Nevertheless, we find that the conversation networks with alternative media content tend to include more negative evaluations of the immigration issue, attracting fewer participants and lasting less than other conversations. We contextualise our findings using Collins’ Interaction Ritual Chains (IRC) theory and discuss the conditions under which such online conversations can produce high user involvement and, potentially, participants’ radicalisation.
Structural layer applicability of semi-flexible material for rutting resistance: A coupled temperature-mechanical approach
Authors: Yu Maohua , He Tianming , Xu Kejian , Cheng Hong , Ren Minda
Published: November 2023

Semi-flexible material (SFM) is produced by pouring cement grouting material into the asphalt concrete skeleton. It exhibits both characteristics of cement and asphalt, increasing structural stiffness and reducing rutting. Extensive studies have shown that the temperature load coupling effect is one of the leading causes of road rutting. However, few researchers focused on the anti-rutting impact and structural layer applicability of SFM under this effect. Thus, a coupled temperature-mechanical approach was developed based on the finite element (FE) method to simulate the rutting of SFM at different pavement layers and times of the day. During simulation, both standard load and overload were applied to the FE model of pavement. Asphalt mixture and SFM specimens were prepared for essential road performance and dynamic modulus testing. The mechanical properties of SFM and asphalt mixtures at different temperatures were obtained based on the measured data. The structural layer applicability of SFM was revealed by simulating the response of the pavement structure under the combined action of temperature and load. An accelerated pavement test (APT) based validation indicated that the simulation results were accurate. The results show that traditional asphalt pavement and pavement with SFM at the surface and bottom layers tend to exhibit dilative heave adjacent to the wheel load. Using SFM at the middle layer shows a compacted rutting mode, and the pavement has a minimum rise of 51% in rutting depth under the double overloading compared with the pavements with SFM in other layers. It implies that using SFM in the middle layer gives optimal resistance to overload. Considering the depth, form, and resistance of rutting, the SFM in the middle layer of pavement can functionally exert its anti-rutting characteristic.
Molecular evidence depicts genetic divergence among Agropyron elongatum and A. cristatum accessions from gene pool of Iran
Authors: Hatami Maleki Hamid , Mohammadi Reza , Firouzkuhi Fatemeh , Darvishzadeh Reza , Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi Hossein
Published: November 2023

The genus Agropyron has an important role in soil protection and forage production in rangelands. The investigation utilized 37 ISSR primers, resulting in the detection of 956 loci within the A. elongatum genome and 705 loci within the A. cristatum genome. The findings revealed a high level of polymorphism, with 97% of loci in A. elongatum and 84% of loci in A. cristatum exhibiting variability. Notably, the primer (AC)8GCT emerged as a promising candidate for evaluating genetic diversity due to its ability to amplify numerous loci in both species. Using both the UPGMA algorithm and Bayesian analysis, the examined Agropyron accessions were categorized into two subgroups based on their respective species. The Q values associated with these subgroups suggested that certain accessions, namely "G16," "G19," "G20," "G21," "G22," "G23," "G24," and "G25," displayed potential admixture genomes. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) underscored the significance of within-species variability, which accounted for 69% of the overall diversity, compared to between-species variability at 31%. Various genetic diversity parameters, including Na, Ne, I, He, and the number of private loci, were found to be higher in A. elongatum when compared to A. cristatum. Furthermore, Jaccard similarity coefficients ranged from 0.33 to 0.66 in A. cristatum and from 0.25 to 0.7 in A. elongatum, indicating the extent of genetic relatedness among these species. Intriguingly, the study identified two and three heterotic groups in A. cristatum and A. elongatum, respectively, which could be harnessed in the development of synthetic varieties to exploit heterosis. The results also indicated that a small proportion of ISSR loci pairs (5.2% in A. elongatum and 0.5% in A. cristatum) exhibited significant levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) (P≤0.05), suggesting the potential utility of LD-based association mapping in Agropyron species. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the genetic diversity of Agropyron species and provides valuable insights into their potential applications in soil protection and forage production, as well as the prospects for enhancing genetic variability and heterosis in these species.
Racism and access to maternal health care among garo indigenous women in Bangladesh: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Chowdhury Suban Kumar
Published: November 2023

Racism as social determinant of health significantly affects Indigenous women’s maternal healthcare access. This study uses Jones’ ‘Three Levels of Racism’ theory and an intersectional lens to explore how racism shapes the experience of maternal health care access among Garo Indigenous women in Bangladesh. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 women of diverse backgrounds and pregnancy statuses using snowball sampling. Thematic analysis, incorporating inductive and deductive approaches, was employed for data analysis. The findings reveal a significant deviation from Jones’ theory regarding the level of internalized racism within the specific context of Garo Indigenous women’s experiences. Jones’ theory usually focuses on how racism is internalized due to institutional and personally-mediated factors. On the contrary, this study uncovers a unique theme: ‘women agency.’ This theme emerges as a robust response among the Garo Indigenous women to their encounters with institutional and personally-mediated racism, highlighting their cultural resistance and resilience. The findings suggest that the complex relationship between these two forms of racism contributes to the strengthening of agency among Garo Indigenous women. Their agency stems from avoiding hospitals that disrespect their culture, manifesting their cultural resistance practice against the encountered racism at the institutional and relational levels. To increase biomedical healthcare access among Garo Indigenous women, it is recommended to address racism through intercultural competency training with the ‘cultural safety’ ‘cultural humility’ approach. This approach would foster inclusivity and empowerment, recognizing the agency of Garo women in healthcare decisions. Additionally, it would facilitate constructive dialogues between clinicians and Garo Indigenous women, acknowledging the shared experiences of racism within the latter group.
Head and neck cancer treatment outcome priorities: A multi-perspective concept mapping study
Authors: Alolayan Waad R. , Rieger Jana M. , Yoon Minn N.
Published: November 2023

With the increasing focus on patient-centred care, this study sought to understand priorities considered by patients and healthcare providers from their experience with head and neck cancer treatment, and to compare how patients’ priorities compare to healthcare providers’ priorities. Group concept mapping was used to actively identify priorities from participants (patients and healthcare providers) in two phases. In phase one, participants brainstormed statements reflecting considerations related to their experience with head and neck cancer treatment. In phase two, statements were sorted based on their similarity in theme and rated in terms of their priority. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were performed to produce multidimensional maps to visualize the findings. Two-hundred fifty statements were generated by participants in the brainstorming phase, finalized to 94 statements that were included in phase two. From the sorting activity, a two-dimensional map with stress value of 0.2213 was generated, and eight clusters were created to encompass all statements. Timely care, education, and person-centred care were the highest rated priorities for patients and healthcare providers. Overall, there was a strong correlation between patient and healthcare providers’ ratings (r = 0.80). Our findings support the complexity of the treatment planning process in head and neck cancer, evident by the complex maps and highly interconnected statements related to the experience of treatment. Implications for improving the quality of care delivered and care experience of head and cancer are discussed.
Transperitoneal vs extraperitoneal radical cystectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Leonardo Kevin , Mirza Hendy , Seno Doddy Hami , Purnomo Nugroho , Afriansyah Andika , Siregar Moammar Andar Roemare
Published: November 2023

Background

One of the most complex surgeries including radical cystectomy (RC) has a high rate of morbidity. The standard approach for the muscle-invasive bladder is conventional transperitoneal radical cystectomy. However, the procedure is associated with significant morbidities like ileus, urinary leak, bleeding, and infection. The aim of this study is to compare the transperitoneal RC approach with the extraperitoneal RC approach in the treatment of bladder cancer patients. The outcomes of this study are Operative time, Estimated Blood Loss, Hospital Stay, Post-Operative Ileus, Infection, and Major Complication (Clavien-Dindo Grade 3–5).

Methods

PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct were systematically searched for different publications related to the meta-analysis. Keywords used for searching were Radical Cystectomy AND Extraperitoneal AND Transperitoneal up until 31st August 2022. The studies were screened for our eligibility criteria. Demographic parameters, perioperative variables, and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the risk of bias in each study. The Review Manager (RevMan) software version 5.4.1 was used for statistical analysis.

Results

Eight studies (3 laparoscopic and 5 open methods) involving 1207 subjects (588 patients using the extraperitoneal approach and 619 using the transperitoneal approach) were included. The incidence of postoperative ileus is significantly lower after the extraperitoneal approach compared to the transperitoneal approach (p < 0.00001). The two techniques did not differ in operative time, estimated blood loss, duration of hospital stay, total infection, and major complication events.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis shows that extraperitoneal radical cystectomy benefits in terms of reduced postoperative ileus.
Economic evaluation of stent retrievers in basilar artery occlusion: An analysis from Chinese healthcare system perspective
Authors: Xia Hailong , Yang Qi , Wang Qibo , Jia Jielin , Liu Xipeng , Meng Shu
Published: November 2023

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness of stent retriever (SR) versus best medical management (BMM) in patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO) in China.

Methods

We used a two-step approach to compare the cost-effectiveness of SR plus BMM with that of BMM alone over 20 years. A decision tree was initially constructed for the first 3 months, followed by a Markov model for the subsequent period. Collected data on clinical aspects were extracted from the BAOCHE investigation, while costs-related information was sourced from previously published research. The key metric for evaluating the primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), achieved $/QALY. The threshold for identifying SR as highly cost-effective was set at an ICER below $12,551/QALY, SR was deemed cost-effective if the ICER ranged from $12,551 to $37,654 per QALY. Uncertainty was addressed using scenario, one-way sensitivity, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses (PSA).

Findings

For Chinese patients with BAO, the 20-year cost per patient was $8678 with BMM alone and $21,988 for SR plus BMM. Effectiveness was 1.45 QALY for BMM alone, and 2.77 QALY for SR plus BMM. The ICER of SR + BMM versus BMM alone was $10,050 per QALY. The scenario and one-way sensitivity analyses revealed that in certain situations the ICER could exceed $12,551 per QALY, but remain below $37,654 per QALY. Results from the PSA suggested that SR was likely to be cost-effective for Chinese patients with BAO, with a probability exceeding 98% when considering a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $12,551 per QALY.

Implications

Our study indicates that SR is an intervention option that is highly likely to be cost-effective for Chinese patients with BAO, with a probability of over 98% under the current WTP threshold of $12,551 per QALY.
Does enforcing glenohumeral joint stability matter? A new rapid muscle redundancy solver highlights the importance of non-superficial shoulder muscles
Authors: Belli Italo , Joshi Sagar , Prendergast J. Micah , Beck Irene , Della Santina Cosimo , Peternel Luka , Seth Ajay
Published: November 2023

The complexity of the human shoulder girdle enables the large mobility of the upper extremity, but also introduces instability of the glenohumeral (GH) joint. Shoulder movements are generated by coordinating large superficial and deeper stabilizing muscles spanning numerous degrees-of-freedom. How shoulder muscles are coordinated to stabilize the movement of the GH joint remains widely unknown. Musculoskeletal simulations are powerful tools to gain insights into the actions of individual muscles and particularly of those that are difficult to measure. In this study, we analyze how enforcement of GH joint stability in a musculoskeletal model affects the estimates of individual muscle activity during shoulder movements. To estimate both muscle activity and GH stability from recorded shoulder movements, we developed a Rapid Muscle Redundancy (RMR) solver to include constraints on joint reaction forces (JRFs) from a musculoskeletal model. The RMR solver yields muscle activations and joint forces by minimizing the weighted sum of squared-activations, while matching experimental motion. We implemented three new features: first, computed muscle forces include active and passive fiber contributions; second, muscle activation rates are enforced to be physiological, and third, JRFs are efficiently formulated as linear functions of activations. Muscle activity from the RMR solver without GH stability was not different from the computed muscle control (CMC) algorithm and electromyography of superficial muscles. The efficiency of the solver enabled us to test over 3600 trials sampled within the uncertainty of the experimental movements to test the differences in muscle activity with and without GH joint stability enforced. We found that enforcing GH stability significantly increases the estimated activity of the rotator cuff muscles but not of most superficial muscles. Therefore, a comparison of shoulder model muscle activity to EMG measurements of superficial muscles alone is insufficient to validate the activity of rotator cuff muscles estimated from musculoskeletal models.
Strategic management and risk control of emergency hospital construction: SWOT and STPA framework from a systems thinking perspective
Authors: Zhu Dongliang , Wang Song , Li Yaru
Published: November 2023

The construction of emergency hospitals is crucial for ensuring medical service provision during disasters. Assembled buildings have emerged as the preferred choice for large-scale emergency hospitals due to their rapid construction and high quality. However, the construction of emergency hospitals involves the collaboration of multiple departments, and there is a lack of research on the management of such construction projects. Given the urgent need for emergency hospitals, analyzing potential hazards in the construction process from a systemic perspective is essential to manage their construction effectively. In this study, the SWOT and STPA methods are employed to investigate the construction management of emergency buildings, with the Wuhan Vulcan Mountain Hospital in China serving as a case study for emergency management analysis. This study can provide ideas for emergency hospital management and a basis for controlling possible emergency construction accidents.
The association between bullous pemphigoid and cognitive outcomes in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Qi , Xiong Zhenrong , Yang Dejiang , Xiong Chongyu , Li Xinming
Published: November 2023

Background

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare autoimmune skin condition that causes large fluid-filled blisters on the skin, especially in older adults. BP has been linked to various diseases and medications, but its association with cognitive outcomes is unclear.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the association between BP and cognitive outcomes, such as all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia in middle-aged and older adults. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published up to March 2023. We included studies that reported odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between BP and cognitive outcomes. We pooled the ORs, or HRs using random-effects models and performed subgroup and sensitivity analyses to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.

Results

The study selection process identified 13 studies for inclusion in the analysis, 11 studied arms of which used a case-control design and 7 studied arms of which used a cohort design. The studies were conducted primarily in Europe, with a few from Asia and the United States. The meta-analysis found that BP was associated with higher odds of all-cause dementia in middle-aged and older participants in both cohort studies(HR = 1.41,95% CI: 1.20–1.66, P = 0.000) and case-control (OR = 4.25, 95% CI, 2.73–6.61; P = 0.000). The study found no significant publication bias in the included studies. The meta-regression analyses identified some subgroups associated with significantly reported odds ratios in case-control association analysis, including Europe, BP diagnosed based on clinical, histology, immunofluorescence, and both adjustment status of NO and YES.

Conclusions

Our meta-analysis suggests that BP is associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia in middle-aged and older adults. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and causal relationship between BP and cognitive outcomes.
Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among undergraduate admission candidates in Bangladesh: A nation-wide cross-sectional study
Authors: Siddik Md Abu Bakkar , Hasan Md Nafiul , Mahmud Al , Munmun Morioum Sarkar , Milad Mahmudul Hasan , Ali Akher , Ahmed Zobayer , Uddin Md Jamal
Published: November 2023

Background

The undergraduate admission test is one of the most stressful assessments in a student’s life, as it is required for admission to any of Bangladesh’s public universities or medical colleges. Those taking the admissions test are under a lot of pressure to perform well. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of clinical depression among Bangladeshi admission candidates and the factors that contribute to it.

Methodology

Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and other socio-demographic information were collected from 5263 students from all over Bangladesh. Apart from descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, an ordinal logistic regression model was also applied to determine the factors associated with depression.

Results

The study revealed that among the undergraduate admission applicants, 74% of individuals were affected by depression, while 26% experienced moderate depression, 26% experienced moderately severe depression, and 22% experienced severe depression. The level of depression among females was 1.8 times higher than the male admission candidates. Our analyses found that gender (p <0.001), exercise (p <0.001), pre-marital relationships (p <0.001), daily study time less than 3 hours (p <0.001), practice of religion (p <0.001), victim of blackmail (p <0.001), family unrest (p <0.001), major illness (p <0.001), COVID-19 infection (p <0.001), GPA in higher secondary (p <0.001), mental problem (p <0.001), all categories of the variable confidence level for exam preparation (p <0.001) had a significant impact on increasing depression.

Conclusion

The research found a severe rate of depression among Bangladeshi undergraduate admission candidates. Interactive mental health care programs must include family and teachers to tackle the problem. To alleviate mental stress and depression, students should learn to nurture their mental health.
Experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic as a homeless person in Chennai, India: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Konduru Laalithya , Das Nishant
Published: November 2023

Persons experiencing homelessness (PEHs) have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality compared to the general population and are highly vulnerable during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding their experience of the pandemic is important for mitigating the effects of the pandemic. Accordingly, we conducted a qualitative study on their lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in nine PEHs from Chennai, India, recruited at food stalls between September 14–25, 2020. Data were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The participants shared their experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, its impact on them, and their coping strategies. All the participants were migrant workers living alone, and were the sole breadwinners of their families. Five group experiential themes emerged relating to the experiences of the participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most participants reported significant psychosocial stress, but low suicide risk and robust coping mechanisms. They delayed seeking healthcare for non-COVID-19-related problems. Public hospitals were preferred over private hospitals due to cost constraints and prior experience of discrimination. Upward classism was observed as participants blamed the rich for the spread of COVID-19. Initial assumption that COVID-19 would only affect the rich was also reported. Free government testing and quarantine facilities assuaged their medico-psychosocial needs. Engaging in collective activities was a key stress mitigator. We highlight several important policy implications. Firstly, we underscore the importance of involving social workers to facilitate communication between healthcare providers and patients from vulnerable communities. This engagement can help minimize discrimination and promote equitable access to healthcare. Secondly, we emphasize the need for effective public health communication. Specifically, there is a need to address and alleviate concerns about the transmission of COVID-19 within hospital premises. Lastly, the research suggests that government initiatives aimed at fostering community participation should persist both during and after the pandemic.
Screen agencies as policy intermediates between small nations and transnational SVoDs
Authors: Noonan Caitriona
Published: November 2023

This article presents original empirical research on the interaction between national screen agencies and transnational subscription video-on-demand services (SVoDs). Using interviews with agency executives in several small nations, it examines the dynamics of power that condition this relationship, framing the interactions as being instrumental and political for both actors. The commodified exchange between agency and SVoD builds mutual narratives of significance at a time of policy change in which both parties are likely to interact more due to the implementation of the EU’s Audiovisual Media Services Directive. This research provides further insight into ways non-regulatory interventions by policy actors attempt to secure more return from SVoDs.
US-based SVoD services and the restructuring of the audio-visual production market: The French case
Authors: Stephan Gaël , Farchy Joëlle , da Silva Jaercio
Published: November 2023

This article studies the impact of the rise of new content consumption methods on French audio-visual production. To this end, we conducted 26 semi-structured interviews with producers, investigating their relationship with new online players, as well as their work habits. This study makes it possible to distinguish between two market segments: the first is organized around US-based subscription video on demand platforms (Netflix, Amazon Prime and Disney+) and the second around players from the competitive fringe, who are smaller but whose demand still fuels the French audio-visual sector.
Netflix, l’aliénation en série (‘Netflix, serial alienation’), Romain Blondeau (2022)
Authors: Rauturier Frédéric
Published: November 2023

Review of: Netflix, l’aliénation en série (‘Netflix, serial alienation’), Romain Blondeau (2022)

Paris: Seuil, 60 pp.,

ISBN-13 978-2-02151-320-2, p/bk, EUR 4.50
Nómos, publicidad y espacio público
Authors: Barrionuevo Sergio Javier
Published: November 2023

El fenómeno de codificación escrita de la normatividad en la Atenas clásica ha sido interpretado en el marco del proceso de democratización que atravesaba esta pólis. No obstante, el vínculo entre escritura y democracia no es tan evidente como pareciera a priori. Por este motivo, en este trabajo me propongo mostrar que escritura y democracia no son fenómenos que están vinculados necesariamente entre sí. Para ello, sostengo que el vínculo entre democracia y escritura es el resultado de un proceso histórico asociado a la transformación del estatuto de la escritura a partir de la modificación en los actos de escritura. Para desarrollar mi argumento el trabajo se organiza en dos partes. Por un lado, se estudia el vínculo entre publicidad y escritura, allí sostengo que la publicidad del texto escrito se sostiene sobre prácticas rituales que lo torna público; por otra parte, se reflexiona sobre el vínculo entre escritura y democracia, donde sostengo que no hay una relación de causación entre ambos elementos.
SUBCRITICAL WATER AS A TOOL FOR OBTAINING EXTRACTS OF SECONDARY PLANT METABOLITES WITH HIGH ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM GINKGO BILOBA L. LEAVES
Authors: Khizrieva Salima Salimovna , Borisenko Sergey Nikolaevich , Maksimenko Yelena Vladimirovna , Zharkova Galina Vladimirovna , Borisenko Nikolay Ivanovich
Published: November 2023

Extracts of secondary plant metabolites (SPM) with high antioxidant activity (AOA) are gaining more and more attention as biologically active additives. To obtain them, methods of "green chemistry" are increasingly being considered. In the present work, to obtain extracts with high antioxidant activity enriched of polyphenols from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba (GB), medium of a subcritical water (SCW) was used in the temperature range from 100 to 220 °C. The use medium of the SCW for extraction processes allows not only to increase the extraction of SPM from the plant matrix, but also to achieve a change in the phytochemical profile of the obtained extracts.

The polyphenol profile of extracts leaf’s GB was studied by UV/Vis spectrophotometry, as well as the dependence of the content of SPM, in the form of the sum of polyphenolic compounds (including flavonoids) and AOA of extracts, on the extraction method: in medium of SCW or water-alcohol (traditional) extraction. It has been shown that the content of polyphenolic compounds and the AOA of extracts depend on the extraction conditions (temperature of SCW). It was demonstrated that the extract obtained from leaves of GB in SCW at 220 °C contains the highest amount of polyphenolic compounds and demonstrates the maximum AOA (EC50=34.7 μg/ml) among the obtained extracts. The presented results demonstrate the promise of using SCW to obtain extracts from leaves of GB with a high content of polyphenols for the development of pharmaceuticals and food supplements with high AOA.
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS DASIPHORA MANDSHURICA DEPENDING ON THE PHASE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Andysheva Elena Vladimirovna , Khramova Elena Petrovna
Published: November 2023

Results of seasonal changes of phenolic compounds are presented in the article for leaves of Dasiphora mandshurica grown in culture of the south of the Amur Region. The phenolic compounds were analyzed by the method of a high-performance liquid chromatography. Six glycosides of flavonol (hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin, avicularin, quercitrin, astragalin), two aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) and tannins (ellagic acid and its glycoside) were found. It was found that phenolic composition of D. mandshurica is constant, but the changes of qualitative composition occur at the expense of minor compounds. The largest number of phenolic components (25) was established in stage the period of bud swelling of the leaf buds and periods of beginning and the mass of a blossoming. A higher total content of phenolic compounds in leaves of D. mandshurica was established in the stages the period of full isolation of leaves (35.3 mg/g), of total aglycones – in the period of ending of a blossoming (0.48 mg/g), and of total flavonols – in the period of mass blossoming (22.2 mg/g). Quercetin, kaempferol, rhamnetin glycosides were found in all stages of development. The largest glycosides of flavonol were found in the phases of the vegetation, budding and blossoming, and aglycones (quercetin and rhamnetin) at the beginning of vegetation and the ending of a blossoming. A fact of contrariety of the dynamics of accumulation of glycosides and their aglycones was revealed. A higher content of most individual phenolic compounds was found as in young leaves in the vegetation and budding, so in mature leaves in the blossoming phase. Avicularin and hyperoside are the predominant glycosides during the growing season. A higher content of the tannins was established in young leaves, ellagic acid dominated in the phase of the vegetation whereas ellagic acid glycoside was the predominant in the phase of the budding.
INVESTIGATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ELEMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VARIOUS MORPHOLOGICAL PARTS OF THE PUMPKIN BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Kosenko Valentina Vladimirovna , Ovsienko Sergey Vasil'yevich , Kuz'mina Natalia Evgenievna , Shchukin Viktor Mikhaylovich , Khorolskaya Elena Alexandrovna
Published: November 2023

The main purpose of the investigation was to compare by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry the accumulation of elemental contaminants Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, Tl, V, Zn in the row roots - stems - leaves - peel - pulp - pumpkin seeds. It was found that Hg and Tl are absent in all objects of research at a level of sensitivity of the method. According to the degree of extraction by pumpkin roots from the soil the elements are arranged in the following order: Cd<Pb<Mn<Sr<Cr<As<Ni<Zn<Co<Cu<Fe<Al<Mo<V. V, Mo, Al, Fe are most vigorously accumulated by the roots, the average value of the bioconcentration factor of these elements is more than 100. It was found that pumpkin can limit entry of toxic and potentially carcinogenic elements into aboveground organs by accumulating them mainly in the roots. Values of the element’s translocation factors Al, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, V for the stems, peel, pulp and seeds of pumpkin irrespective of the places of collection are less than 1, which means that a barrier type of accumulation is characteristic for the studied elements. It is concluded that pumpkin is an expeller of these elements and possesses protective mechanisms preventing their entry from the root system into the above-ground organs of the plant. The highest transport mobility belongs to Zn, its concentration in the seeds is higher than in other above-ground parts of the pumpkin. On this basis pumpkin seeds are recommended for use as a bioactive supplement. Species of pumpkins influence the distribution of the studied elements in the above-ground parts of this plant.
COMPONENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PEROVSKIA ANGUSTIFOLIA ESSENTIAL OIL
Authors: Askarova Oydin Karimkhon kizi , Bobakulov Khayrulla Mamadiyevich , Sasmakov Sobirjan Anarmatovich , Sadullaev Tulkin Khayrulla ugli , Botirov Erkin Khozhiakbarovich
Published: November 2023

The component composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation from the air-dry and fresh aboveground parts of the plant Perovskia angustifolia Kudr., growing on the territory of the Namangan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. By GC-MS, 57 compounds were identified in the composition of the EO from the air-dried plant, while 46 substances were found in the composition of the EO from the fresh plant, which is 94.0 and 96.2% of the total amount of EOs, respectively.

The main EO components of both the air-dry and fresh aerial parts are 1,8-cineole, its content is 24.2 and 25.1%, respectively. EO from an air-dry plant contains camphor (8.6%), endoborneol (7.3%), bornyl acetate (6.2%), caryophyllene (4.4%), α-humulene (4.1%), δ-cadinene (3.8%) and other connections. The dominant components in the composition of EO from a fresh plant, in addition to 1,8-cineol, are camphor (13.8%), endoborneol (8.6%), bornyl acetate (7.0%), γ-terpinene (7.0%), m-cymene (5.2% ), Δ-3-karene (4.5%), δ-cadinene (2.9%). The aerial part of P. angustifolia can serve as a rich source of 1,8-cineole, which is used in bronchitis, colds of the respiratory tract, chronic and inflammatory respiratory diseases.

EO from the aerial part of the air-dry P. angustifolia exhibits a noticeable antimicrobial and antifungal effect against test strains of gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria, while gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus turned out to be the most sensitive to the effects of essential oil.
THERMOCHEMICAL CONVERSION OF SUNFLOWER HUSKS
Authors: Karaeva Yuliya Viktorovna , Timofeeva Svetlana Sergeyevna , Gilfanov Marat Fanilievich , Kamalov Rustem Faritovich , Marfin Evgeny Alexandrovich
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the process of thermochemical conversion of sunflower husk by pyrolysis at a temperature of 550 °C and heating rate of 10 °C/min. The main physico-chemical characteristics of this plant raw material correspond to commercial fuels. Ashes are dominated by potassium (38.7%), calcium (26.9%) and iron (13.6%) oxides. Thermochemical conversion of sunflower husks produces 56.49% of pyrolysis liquid, 29.26% of carbonaceous residue and 14.25% of gas. Experimental data of pyrolysis fluid viscosity dependence on temperature in the range from –6 to +23.5 °С were obtained. As a result of GC-MS analysis mass spectra of 90 substances of organic nature were obtained, of which 20 were identified, which corresponds to 77.3% of the entire fraction. Pyrolysis fluid contains acids, alcohols, esters, ketones, amides, aldehydes, alkenes, phenols. Taking into account boiling points of the components included in the liquid fraction, it was found that it is reasonable to extract acetic acid and methyl alcohol. The acetic acid content in the pyrolysis liquid under study reaches 31.98% and the methanol content 12.05%. It should be noted that the content of propanoic acid, 2-oxo-, ethyl ester (6.20%) is high enough, but its boiling point coincides with a number of other components, so distillation of this component is inexpedient. Thus, the obtained pyrolysis liquid is a source of raw materials for obtaining at least two high added value products.
Investigating the Students' Errors When Solving Analytical Mechanics Using Newman’s Error Analysis
Authors: Wafiq Mujahidul Haqq  , Pratama Rodeo Bagus , Farkhan Muhamad Mi'da , Setiaji Bayu
Published: November 2023

One of the problems in learning is the appearance of errors. These errors are clasified into five parts considering Newman’s Error Analysis. The purpose of this research is to analyze the errors in analytical mechanics using Newman's Error Analysis (NEA) prior to the construction of the future effective and efficient learning. This research is using descriptive and qualitative research with test and interview. Based on the analysis, in analytical mechanics class, the students’ performance is low. From the Newman’s Error Analysis (NEA), we found the errors are belong to the several categories of NEA. In the whole aspect, the errors done by the students are correspond to the five aspects of Newman’s Error Analysis (NEA) which are connected to each other aspects. One can also note, the students’ performance in analytical mechanics class is low.
DESIGN OF AUTONOMOUS ROBOTIC PLATFORMS BASED ON MODEL DATA
Authors: Blokhinov Yu. B. , Andrienko E. E.
Published: November 2023

The article presents a method for selecting the configuration of the shooting equipment of a robotic platform, associated with the use of virtual digital models of sensors and a scene. The topic is really actual, since a number of complex technical and interesting scientific problems of computer vision are currently associated with the use of autonomous mobile systems. Technical difficulties are determined, first of all, by the fact that such complexes are equipped with many different sensors, the data from which must be processed in a single coordinate system with high accuracy. To do this, it is necessary to calibrate the system using an object with a special markup, the use of which allows you to effectively use computer vision algorithms and make the process fully automatic. The accuracy of the relative orientation of the sensors, which can be achieved in this case, can be considered a quality criterion when choosing survey equipment. In the process of designing a platform, it is rather difficult to determine in advance how many sensors and their placement is optimal in terms of the result - obtaining a high quality digital scene model. In this situation, it is natural to compare different hardware configurations and choose from them. However, to obtain the required amount of real data, a significant amount of time is required to work with complex expensive equipment. The key to solving the problem may be the use of virtual data - a realistic digital model of the sensors and the scene, synthesized using the graphics engine. This paper presents the process of designing a promising vehicle, including the selection and placement of shooting equipment on the platform – cameras and lidars. The best configuration is selected from the three proposed according to the criterion of the accuracy of restoring the positions of the sensors during the calibration process. The application software was developed on the basis of the Unreal Engine 4 graphics engine. Digital models of the vehicle, sensors and scene were created in accordance with the parameters of the real prototype. Taking into account the technical characteristics of the sensors, three options for their placement have been created. For each variant, s
Illusionen der Autonomie? Europas Position in den globalen digitalen Abhängigkeitsstrukturen
Authors: Mayer Maximilian , Lu Yen-Chi
Published: November 2023

Kurzfassung

Ausgehend von Begriffen wie „digitale Souveränität“ und „strategische Autonomie“ untersucht die vorliegende Analyse, gestützt auf eine Vielzahl von Indikatoren, die digitale Dependenz von 37 Ländern. Während die Ergebnisse in Bezug auf verschiedene Sektoren (Software und Hardware) und Dimensionen (Handel, Infrastruktur, geistiges Eigentum) stark voneinander abweichen, zeigt das Gesamtbild einen hohen durchschnittlichen Grad an digitaler Abhängigkeit. Die Daten offenbaren außerdem äußerst asymetrische globale Strukturen. Die USA sind mit einem Wert von 0,46 die bei Weitem am wenigsten digital abhängige Volkswirtschaft. Die ausgeprägteste Asymmetrie zwischen den USA und dem Rest der Welt zeigt sich bei der Abhängigkeit von digitalen Infrastrukturen. China hat in den letzten zehn Jahren enorme Fortschritte gemacht, seine digitale Dependenz zu verringern. Die europäischen Länder behielten hingegen einen sehr vulnerablen Status bei. Die quantitative Messung der digitalen Abhängigkeit legt eine Neubewertung der gängigen Vorstellungen von „digitaler Autonomie“ nahe. Aus der Sicht globaler Strukturen bleibt Autonomie für die Länder Europas, wie für die meisten anderen, eine Illusion.
Authorial Lives and Deaths: Revisiting Perumal Murugan’s Literary Death and Afterlives
Authors: Shabin Ahmed
Published: November 2023

Tamil writer Perumal Murugan announced his authorial death on Facebook in January 2015. The events that led to this moment and what followed highlight the contentious relationship between authorship and censorship. This paper positions itself within the field of literary authorship studies. While mid-twentieth-century French theory had engaged with notions of authorial death and author-as-victim, witnessing Murugan’s actions following the call for a social boycott of his novel, One Part Woman, in 2014, brought back to life theory that had long been buried. Explaining his experiences in light of Roland Barthes’s and Michel Foucault’s treatises on authorship, this paper reads Murugan’s literary suicide and writings as a resurrection that creatively challenges attempts to shun his critical fiction. His example highlights how a socio-political environment that is suspicious of plurality and democracy renders the relations among the author, the reader, the text, and the context as unstable.
Alan Ruffman: A noted Nova Scotia scientist and activist
Authors: Piper David J.W. , Pe-Piper Georgia
Published: November 2023

N/A
Determinan Kualitas Penyerapan Anggaran Belanja Dengan Sistem Pengendalian Internal Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Ditjen Diktiristek Kemendikbudristek)
Authors: Kristianingsih Eni , Wahyudin Agus , Sukirman Sukirman
Published: November 2023

Belanja Pemerintah yang proporsional, akurat dan terlaksana dengan tepat diperlukan agar fungsi anggaran sebagai alat kebijakan fiskal dapat terwujud untuk menstabilkan ekonomi dan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Adanya fenonema kurang proporsionalitasnya penyerapan anggaran Perguruan Tinggi Negeri menjadi motivasi dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas penyerapan anggaran dengan Sistem Pengendalian Internal sebagai variabel moderating ditinjau dari perspektif Resources Based Theory. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan populasi dan sampel sebanyak 75 Perguruan Tinggi Negeri di lingkungan Ditjen Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset dan Teknologi. Responden dalam penelitian adalah Analis Pengelola APBN, Penyusun Program dan Anggaran dan Penyusun Laporan Keuangan Perguruan Tinggi Negeri. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial dengan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) uji residual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen anggaran berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas penyerapan anggaran, sedangkan kompetensi sumber daya manusia dan komitmen organisasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas penyerapan anggaran. Sistem Pengendalian Internal tidak dapat memoderasi pengaruh manajemen anggaran dan kompetensi sumber daya manusia terhadap kualitas penyerapan anggaran, namun Sistem Pengendalian Internal memoderasi secara positif pengaruh komitmen organisasi terhadap kualitas penyerapan anggaran.
Keluhan Muskuloskeletal Pada Pekerja Sektor Informal
Authors: Dwiseptianto Ryan Wahyu , Wahyuningsih Anik Setyo
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang: Pabrik Es Tirta Agung merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di sektor informal dan sudah berdiri sejak tahun 1985. Dari hasil studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan terhadap 5 sampel pekerja menggunakan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM), didapatkan hasil bahwa 90% pekerja dikategorikan mengalami keluhan MSDs tinggi, yang dimana tenaga kerja mengeluh adanya nyeri atau sakit pada otot lengan bagian atas dan pinggang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja sektor informal di Pabrik Es Tirta Agung. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah desktiptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan metode total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar observasi dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil: Hasil uji Chi-square menunjukkan variabel yang berhubungan dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal adalah usia (p=0,021), masa kerja (p=0,011) dan postur kerja (p=0,001). Sedangkan yang tidak berhubungan adalah IMT (p=0,313) dan kebugaran jasmani (p=0,137). Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja sektor informal di Pabrik Es Tirta Agung adalah usia, masa kerja dan postur kerja. Maka perlu disarankan adanya pencegahan preventif terhadap keluhan muskuloskeletal di tempat kerja.