bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small hydropower development in Turkey: An overview of 2021
Authors: Bobat Alaeddin
Published: March 2023

Hydropower plants with an installed capacity of less than 10 MW are widely considered as small hydropower (SHP) in Turkey. There are currently 371 SHPs in operation as of 31 December 2021. Of these, 14 are operated by the DSI and 357 are operated by the private sector; and the installed capacity of the operating SHPs is 1.756,69 MW, their total generation potential is 6.643,44 GWh/year. Moreover, 12 SHPs are under construction. In addition, 625 SHP projects of 2.645,56 installed capacities and of 8.728,460 GWh/year generations potential were cancelled. Regionally, 34.50 % of SHPs (128 SHP) is located in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. 20.75 % of them (77 SHP) is located in the Mediterranean Region; 16.71 % (62 SHP) in the Eastern Anatolia Region; 12.94 % (48 SHP) in the Central Anatolia Region; 8.09 % (30 SHP) in the Marmara Region; 6.2% (23 SHP) in the Aegean Region and 0.08 % in the South-East Region. This article intends to discuss SHP’s in 2021 of Turkey as a whole and examine the place and importance of SHP’s in the sector.
Ameliorative Effect of Vitamin E and C on Paraquat Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rat
Authors: Okolonkwo Benjamin Nnamdi , Brisibe Ngozi , George-Opuda Ibitoroko Maureen
Published: March 2023

The kidney is an exceptionally essential organ required for metabolic byproducts elimination in the body and when the kidney is impaired, this role is compromised. Paraquat is a poison that is known to have harmful effect in various organs. Subsequently, the point of this study was to reveal the treatment impact of vitamin E and C in paraquat poisoned kidney in rat. The rat were 200 and they were classified into 4 groups assigned as A, B, C and D. The A group was the control, B, C and D were test groups classified in light of dose of paraquat given. “A” was not treated with paraquat, B, C and D were treated with 0.02g, 0.04g and 0.06g of paraquat separately at regular intervals of 2 weeks for 3 months. Each group had subgroups assigned "0" and "VEC"; "0" subgroups were subgroups not treated with vitamin E while "VEC" were subgroups treated with 500mg of vitamin E and 2000mg/dl vitamin C. Treatment of vitamin E and C happened week after week for one month. Both vitamins and paraquat treatment happened orally. After treatment period, the rats were sacrificed and blood sample collected through cardiac puncture for urea and creatinine assay. The outcomes showed that there was no significant difference in urea levels among only paraquat treated groups yet there was a significant increase in creatinine levels among only paraquat treatment groups. There was a significant decrease in creatinine level after vitamin E and C treatment. This study has shown that vitamin E and C is capable of restoring kidney function paraquat induced nephrotoxicity in rat.
Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar ages of ignimbrites, Mogollon-Datil volcanic field, southwestern New Mexico
Authors: McIntosh William C. , Kedzie Laura L. , Sutter John F.
Published: March 2023

This report presents 40Ar/39Ar sanidine ages and paleomagnetite data for 36 ignimbrites and associated lavas in the Eocene-Oligocene Mogollon-Datil volcanic field of southwestern NM.

40Ar/39Ar age spectra from the ignimbrites yield plateau ages that range from 36.2 to 24.3 Ma and show within-sample and within-unit 1s precision of +/- 0.5% or better. These ages agree closely with independently established stratigraphic order and indicate that Mogollon-Datil ignimbrite activity was highly episodic, being confined to four brief (< 2.6 Ma) eruptive intervals separated by 1.5-3 Ma long hiatuses.

Ignimbrite outflow sheets show stable paleomagnetic remanence directions that are uniform over most of their areal extents, including facies ranging from thick, densely welded proximal ignimbrites to unwelded distal fringes as thin as 1.5 m.

Used in concert with lithologic and stratigraphic position data, 40Ar/39Ar ages and paleomagnetic directions allow accurate long-range ignimbrite correlations that provide reliable ties between previously established subregional stratigraphic sequences. These correlations have helped to establish an integrated time-stratigraphic framework for the Mogollon-Datil volcanic field.
Nautiloid shell morphology
Authors: Flower Rousseau H.
Published: March 2023

The fundamental parts of the nautiloid shell are (1) conch, (2) septa, (3) connecting ring, (4) siphonal deposits, and (5) cameral deposits. It is important to recognize that the septal neck and connecting ring, ordinarily considered the two hard parts of the siphuncle universally developed, are discrete structures. Classification of siphonal deposits by shape separates homologous structures and unites unrelated ones. A better approach in terms of composition, textures, and mode of secretion is not yet possible, but it is evident that some deposits are true parts of the rings; others are derived from the ring, but now distinct from it; still others are distinct from the ring, cenogenetic in the various orders, and secreted within the siphonal strand; and some are possibly secreted as mantle deposits on its surface. Evidence being ambiguous in some instances, the siphonal deposits are treated in terms of their evolution, in terms of the orders or parts of orders in which they develop. New observations on a number of structures are included.
Sedimentology of the Upper Cretaceous rocks of Todilto Park, New Mexico
Authors: Willard Max E.
Published: March 2023

This study involves the fundamental sedimentology of the complex transgressive-regressive Upper Cretaceous sediments exposed at Todilto Park, west of Tohetchi, New Mexico. The three measured and sampled sections represent approximately 3,000 ft of strata ranging from the Jurassic Morrison Formation through the Cretaceous sandstones, siltstones, and shales of the Dakota(?), Mancos, and Mesaverde. These sections have been differentiated and correlated on the basis of physical and mineralogical characteristics.

Five principal petrographic zones have been recognized and each zone has been further subdivided on the basis of its clay mineralogy. Each principal zone is named for the distinctive accessory heavy mineral or minerals it contains. The recognized zones in their order of occurrence, starting at the base of the sections, are (1) staurolite, (2) tourmaline-garnet-zircon, (3) biotite-chlorite, (4) sphene-zoisite, and (5) epidote. At Todilto Park, the mineral zones and the formations do not coincide. It appears that any attempt regionally to characterize a formation on the basis of its mineralogy will fail.

Interpretations of the statistical parameters obtained from the size analyses of the Todilto Park samples result in conclusions that are consistent with currently accepted ideas concerning the history of Cretaceous sedimentation in the San Juan Basin. There are no large-scale abrupt changes in the mechanical composition of the sediments, and hence it appears that during their deposition there were no rapid changes in the tectonic framework of this area. As sedimentation proceeded from deposition of the Dakota through the Point Lookout, there was a gradual decrease in the energy level, a decrease in the rate of deposition, and an increase in the amount of reworking. The characteristics of the sediments above the Point Lookout are typical of backshore and transitional sediments. As the basin filled, these deposits encroached on the earlier beach and neritic deposits. Comparisons with recent deposits support these conclusions. Detailed interpretations of the mechanical analyses suggest that many of the Cretaceous formations include both marine and nonmarine sedimentary units. This is especially true for the Dakota(?) and Gallup Sandstones. It appears that formations deposited during a stillstand of the sea are made up of sedimentary units that are mechanically similar and characteristically very well sorted. The sedimentary units that make up a formation deposited during an interval of fluctuating sea level differ greatly and have a wide range of sorting.

Clay and heavy mineral data suggest that the effects of intrastratal solution have not appreciably altered the character of the original mineral assemblages. Most of the diagenetic alterations were produced by acid solutions. The observed products of alkaline reactions are associated with montmorillonite that probably was derived from the alterations of volcanic ash.
The Mississippian of west-central New Mexico
Authors: Armstrong K.
Published: March 2023

Mississippian rocks were studied in detail in the Ladron, Lemitar, and Magdalena Mountains, and Coyote Hills, of west-central New Mexico. The oldest Mississippian strata in this area belong to the Caloso Formation, which contains a small brachiopod fauna suggestive of a Kinderhookian or lower Osagian age. The Caloso Formation rests on a truncated igneous and metamorphic complex of Precambrian age. The base of the Caloso Formation consists of intergrading arkoses, sandstone, shales, and limestones. This is followed by about 30 ft of dark-gray fine-crystalline algal limestone. The Caloso Formation is overlain disconformably by the Kelly Formation, which varies from 0-70 ft in thickness and is light-tan to gray crinoidal limestone that contains a brachiopod and blastoid fauna of upper Osagian age. The Kelly Formation is overlain unconformable by the Sandia Formation of Pennsylvanian age in the Lemitar and Magdalena Mountains. In the Ladron Mountains the Kelly and Caloso Formations pinch out northward beneath the Sandia unconformity. The brachiopod, blastoid, and coral fauna of the Kelly and Caloso Formations are described and illustrated. This paper presents the results of faunal and stratigraphic studies of the Mississippian of west-central New Mexico. Exposures are limited largely to the Magdalena, Lemitar, and Ladron Mountains. From a regional viewpoint, the Mississippian strata of this region fill a gap between those of southern and those of northern New Mexico. The region covered in the present report is indicated. From a stratigraphic viewpoint, the Mississippian of west-central New Mexico has proved somewhat anomalous in relation to either southern or northern New Mexico. The two formations in the region under discussion, the Caloso and Kelly Formations, are not typically developed in any section containing either the Arroyo Penasco Formation of the north of the Caballero and Lake Valley Formations of the south. This report is concerned almost exclusively with the Mississippian strata present in the Magdalena, Lemitar, and Ladron Mountains. The Magdalena Mountains are a northward trending range with a maximum elevation of over 10,000 ft. They consist of tilted and faulted sedimentary and volcanic rocks on a Precambrian basement. The stratified rocks form the western slope of the range. The eastern side of the range consists mainly of Precambrian granite.
Stratigraphy and paleontology of the Mississippian System in southwestern New Mexico, and adjacent southeastern Arizona
Authors: Armstrong Augustus K.
Published: March 2023

The Mississippian system was studied in western Cochise County, Arizona, and in Luna, Hidalgo, and Grant Counties, New Mexico. The primary concern was with the Osage through Meramec Escabrosa Limestone, its stratigraphy, paleoecology, and biologic contents. The Escabrosa Limestone is regarded as a group and has been divided into two formations. These are, in ascending order, the Keating Formation, and the Hachita Formation. The Escabrosa Group has a minimum thickness of 650 ft in the Peloncillo Mountains and a maximum thickness of 1,000 ft in the Big Hatchet Mountains of New Mexico. In the area of this report, it is primarily an encrinite with minor amounts of microcrystalline limestone. These sediments represent almost continuos deposition through all of Osage and Meramec time. The strata were deposited over a slowly sinking shelf area in shallow normal-marine waters.

The corals, brachiopods, blastoids, and endothyrids collected from the Escabrosa Group are described and illustrated. The following new species were found: Chonetes klondikia, Unispirifer balki, Amplexizaphrentis sonoraensis, A. northropi, Vesiculophyllum sutherlandi, Lithostrotionella lochmanae, and Michelinia leptosphragma.

The late Meramec to middle Chester Paradise Formation was studied and part of its brachiopod fauna described. The Paradise Formation is an alternating series of medium-bedded limestones and shales, with a maximum thickness of 220 ft in the Big Hatchet Mountains. It thins rapidly to the north and to the west, and is only about 80 ft thick in the eastern Chiricahua Mountains of Arizona. The Helms Formation of Chester age was studied in the Franklin Mountains and its coral fauna, including the new coral species Koninickphyllum elpasoensis, described.
Retorno de la mercantilización de la vivienda social en Argentina. Mirada comparada con períodos recientes
Authors: Barreto Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2023

El cambio de gobierno ocurrido en Argentina el 10 de diciembre de 2015 trajo aparejado también un cambio de orientación de las políticas del Estado. El artículo analiza las modificaciones realizadas por este gobierno a la política habitacional. Es un análisis comparativo con períodos anteriores desde una perspectiva histórica reciente y en continuidad con trabajos precedentes, con el objetivo de establecer diferencias y similitudes en las últimas décadas. Luego de caracterizar tres períodos precedentes de la política habitacional, se revisan los cambios implementados por este nuevo gobierno y se concluye que desde hace cuarenta años la política de vivienda se encuentra atravesada por una tensión entre las concepciones de la vivienda social como derecho y como bien de acceso por las reglas del mercado, y que el gobierno actual vuelve a esta última visión con rasgos renovados. Mientras, el déficit habitacional que afecta a un tercio de la población con mínimas variaciones desde hace varias décadas y los problemas de fragmentación, polarización y dispersión urbana, agudizados en los años 90, siguen aguardando una solución definitiva.
Cinemática y cimática en la generación de la forma arquitectónica.
Authors: Coria Alvaro , Barraud Silvina , Merlo Carlos
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo se enmarca en el trabajo de investigación en curso “Órdenes geométricos y trasdisciplina en la generación de la forma arquitectónica contemporánea” que integra conocimientos y métodos de diversas disciplinas, para precisar estrategias que aporten a la enseñanza de la morfología arquitectónica. La metodología se basa en la identificación de principios de orden, leyes y patrones con potencial capacidad de sistematización, transferencia y aplicación para la generación de la forma.

Doberti describe la relación entre forma e interdisciplina, y plantea que: “La Morfología Primera se ocupa de la lógica de la Conformación, se centra en ella y sólo atiende a los escalones necesarios para alcanzar la Forma” (2008, p. 108) y también expone que: “La forma es generadora de las disciplinas y posibilitadora de la interdisciplina, así como habilitadora de la penetración de los límites” (2008, p. 109).

Convergen en este caso, para ser posteriormente transferidas, indagaciones en la cinemática que se enfoca en el estudio particular de las trayectorias de movimiento de los cuerpos en el espacio, sin atender a las fuerzas que lo producen y por otro lado la cimática, que estudia las representaciones visuales de las ondas sonoras y los fenómenos periódicos de vibración sobre la materia.
FREQUENCY OF TRANSFUSION-TRANSMISSIBLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES AMONG BLOOD DONORS AT AKHTER SAEED TRUST HOSPITAL LAHORE, PAKISTAN
Authors: Alia Waheed  , Abdullah Farooq Khan  , Nosheen Salahudddin  , Atiqa Arshad  , Ahsan Farooq Khan  , Yousaf Zainab
Published: March 2023

Background: Blood transfusion is an essential lifesaving treatment. The unsafe blood transfusion practices are one of the reasons of spreading transfusion-transmissible infections among individuals. It is necessary to screen the all donated blood units for HBV, HCV, HIV, VDRL, and MP.

Aims: This aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of transfusion-transmissible infectious diseases caused by blood transfusions among donors.

Materials & Methodology: It was a prospective observational study which included the 9114 blood donors who attended the Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital Lahore from January 2020 to September 2022. The informed consent was taken from all blood donors. 3-5 ml of venous sample was drawn by using aseptic technique from blood donors on enrollment. Screening of blood donors was done by Chemiluminescence immunoassay (Maglumi-800) for HBV, HCV, HIV and VDRL. The MP was confirmed by peripheral blood picture on slide. According to the automation kit manufacturer’s guidelines, cut-off value for reporting positive results of HBV, HCV, HIV and VDRL was calculated. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 25.0.

Results: The mean age was 27.79 + 12.1 years. The numbers of volunteer and replacement donors were 961 (10.54%) and 8153 (89.45%) respectively. The total numbers of positive donors for transfusion transmissible infectious diseases were 591/9114 (6.49%). The seropositivity was found to be 170/9114 (1.86%) for HBV, 324/9114 (3.55%) for HCV, 33/9114 (0.36%) for HIV, 64/9114 (0.70%) for VDRL, and 0/9114 (0.0%) for MP respectively.

Conclusion: There is currently a low risk of transfusion transmissible infectious diseases but the availability of safe blood is contingent on screening tests and appropriate donor selection.
Clinical Supervision, Learning Management, and Information Technology on Teacher Performance
Authors: Junaidi  , Mattalatta  , Malik Tajuddin
Published: March 2023

Learning innovations in schools occur in the school system, which includes existing components. Among them is the school education system, which consists of curriculum, rules, and organizational management of learning resource centers. Teacher performance can be seen and measured based on the specifications or competency criteria that every teacher must have. This research is included in the category of literature research, namely first, by noting all findings regarding consumption motivation in general in each research discussion obtained in the literature and sources. In the era of digital technology disruption, the idea of learning facilitated by teachers is more related to digital technology because most students are more interested in paying attention to the essential things, so information and communication technology-based learning is needed to support the professionalism of a teacher. The performance of clinical supervision is for the improvement and development of the teaching and learning process in total, such as improving the quality of teacher teaching, fostering the growth of the teaching profession in a broad sense, including the provision of facilities that support the smooth teaching and learning process, improving the quality of teacher knowledge and skills, providing guidance and coaching.
Pendampingan Penyusunan Materi Percakapan Bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Al-Ishlah Paciran Lamongan Jawa Timur
Authors: Syukri Zarkasyi Azmi , Rofi'i Muhammad Arwani , Robi'aqolbi Rosydina , Rahmawati Fitra Awalia , Istiqomah Alma , Hazrah Andi
Published: March 2023

Sebagai sekolah menengah yang turut mengajarkan bahasa Arab dengan metode langsung kepada santrinya, metode dan bahan ajar bahasa Arab di pesantren sangat perlu dimutakhirkan. Hal ini dapat dilakukan melalui pemanfaatan MoU kerjasama antar perguruan tinggi yang ada di pesantren tersebut. Kerjasama kegiatan ini diwujudkan dalam bentuk Praktek Pengayaan Lapangan dengan fokus desain pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Pondok pesantren yang dituju, memiliki beberapa kesamaan fokus dengan visi dan misi program studi. Khususnya dalam hal desain bahan ajar. Kegiatan ini berlangsung selama 1 pekan. Hasilnya, realisasi kegiatan ini menghasilkan rekomendasi bahwa: 1) penyusunan bahan ajar harus mempertimbangkan aspek geografis dan jadwal keseharian pesantren. 2) bahan ajar harus mengandung terjemah dalam 2 bahasa: Indonesia dan Inggris. 3) pengajaran lebih efektif jika melibatkan pengurus pondok dari santri.
Introducing The Creation of A Free Website Paud Unit in Pasarwajo Subdistrict
Authors: Saleh Rachman , Adnan Adnan , Marwah Marwah , Inayah Nur
Published: March 2023

The general purpose of this activity is to assist the PAUD unit to find out how to make website which is a medium of information dissemination and communication between paud units and related parties. With the PAUD unit website, there are several benefits, including being present in providing positive content for the public to realize a healthy internet, encouraging paud units to present positive and creative paud unit activity information, child guardians and the public can know various things about PAUD units directly, and foster public confidence in paud units. Kec.Pasarwajo there are many PAUD units both public and private. Implementation of assistance in 14 kindergartens of Pasarwajo Subdistrict. The problem does not yet have a PAUD unit website. So it is considered necessary to carry out assistance to paud units, especially in pasarwajo subdistrict.  The activity begins with exposure to free website creation through wordpress and continues with direct practice assistance. The results of the activity showed that paud units in pasarwajo district of buton regency with participants of PAUD unit operators totaling 14 PAUD units in pasarwajo districts had been able to create a free website through wordpress. In addition, assistance has an impact on the spirit of operators in pasarwajo sub-district.
Pendampingan Eksternal RA Baitul Hidayah dalam Mempersiapkan Kelayakan Akreditasi
Authors: Henny  , Marwah  , Hartati  , Risman Kadar , Susanti Siti Misra , La Jeti  , Delvi
Published: March 2023

Tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dengan mendampingi serta menfasilitasi pengelola lembaga PAUD, kepala sekolah dan guru-guru pendidikan anak usia dini akan persiapan pemenuhan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) sebagai tolak ukur dan acuan tingkat kelayakan layanan maupun program suatu lembaga PAUD dalam mencapai mutu layanan secara bertahap, terencana, dan kompetitif. Hasil dari kegiatan PKm ini adalah 1) peningkatan sistem tata kelola RA Baitul Hidayah khususnya pada program layanan formal; 2) Memberikan pemahaman kepada kepala sekolah dan guru tentang dokumen-dokumen untuk mencapai standar nasional pendidikan; 3) Membuka wawasan guru terkait dengan penilaian akreditasi yang dilakukan secara sistematis dan komprehensif melalui kegiatan evaluasi internal dan eksternal untuk menentukan kelayakan maupun kinerja RA Baitul Hidayah.
Assistance in The Planning of Irrigation Channels for Farmers Using Water in Iwoi Sangia Area
Authors: Hajia Muhammad Chaiddir
Published: March 2023

The water for the rice fields comes from the Iwoi Sangia spring. The water flows in irrigation canals that are not feasible so that a lot of water is wasted. Water flows out of the canal through cracks in the walls. This resulted in water not being distributed optimally to the farmers' paddy fields. Through this program, we took the initiative to repair damaged irrigation canals. It is hoped that after the existence of good irrigation canals, water will no longer seep in vain so that irrigation coverage can be wider, irrigation canals become cleaner, and can initiate program plans with government assistance. The method of implementing this activity contains steps to realize the objectives of the community service PKM proposal. Community Service activities, especially the planning of tertiary irrigation channels, were carried out very well and smoothly in accordance with the previous planning activities. This activity begins with interaction with the Village Government and continues with site inspections and field measurements. The result of this community activity is the delineation of irrigation canal plans and budget plans, which will facilitate irrigation work for the Village Government.
Voices and narratives of the FHE grantees as input to DNSC GAD policies and programs
Authors: Law-Ay Sadie , Fermil Florie Ann , Agod Joena Marie
Published: March 2023

The study describes the grantees’ experiences under the Free Higher Education (FHE) in Davao del Norte State College (DNSC). The study applied a descriptive qualitative research design, and utilizes an in-depth interview to gather the narratives of the grantees. There were ten (10) participants in this study who represented the intersectionality of genders such as married woman, single mother, a person with a disability (PWD), pregnant grantee, and a child of an OFW. The FHE grantees came from low-income families, and these motivate them to finish a college education. They see education as an opportunity to uplift their lives from poverty. The study used the Simple Thematic Analysis to examine the data. Notable themes emerged in describing the experiences of the FHE grantees, such as academic hurdles and successes. Moreover, the grantees perceived the program as a great help and an opportunity given to them. Time management and physical discomforts, especially for the PWD, emerged from the student grantees’ challenges. The study discussed the findings concerning the program’s improvement based on the themes that emerged from the grantees’ narratives.
Binuhat: Inventory and documentation of the indigenous products of Ata-Manobo at Talaingod, Davao Del Norte
Authors: Law-Ay Sadie , Fermil Florie Ann , Bernaldez Edison , Cantere Bonita , Lanoy Junry , Santamaria Josiedel
Published: March 2023

This study presented the indigenous products of Ata-Manabo at Talaingod, Davao del Norte using the lens of “indigenous knowledge.” A descriptive qualitative research design was applied. Hence, focus group discussion (FGD) and key informant interview (KII) were utilized in gathering information from the 25 tribal participants, wherein 15 of them are men and 10 are women. Based on the results, the identified indigenous products are classified into indigenous attire, body accessories, handicrafts, musical instruments, weapons and armaments, and hunting tools. Most participants affirmed that their products were created not just for the sake of aesthetics but also for the following purposes: source of income, source of identity, source of food, source of protection, and source of love or relationship. Moreover, they hope and aspire to sell and have a place to sell their products, continue their craft until the next generation, and include their culture and traditions in the school curriculum.
Composite plastering technique (CPT) for anterior and posterior restorations
Authors: Korkut Bora , Tüter Bayraktar , Tağtekin Dilek
Published: March 2023

Composite plastering technique (CPT) is a novel restoration improvement technique for eliminating and re-contouring the marginal defects. Restoration-related interproximal contour deficiencies such as dark triangles beneath the contact point following direct class II restorations, the gaps at the interproximal cavity step following indirect cementations, and the gaps at the interproximal wall following class III restoration layering procedures can be corrected using the CPT. The technique may also be used as a layering step during the free-hand layering in diastema closure restorations. Contour deficiencies on interproximal surfaces which lead to the renewal of restoration and periodontal damages can be prevented by additional direct composite build-up using the CPT. The technique can be performed either immediately after the restoration directly or long after by using the composite repair protocol. It focuses on filling and re-contouring the surface of the deficiency by using a mylar strip actively under rubberdam isolation. Composite is loaded between the strip and the tooth surface and the strip is pulled slightly in palato-buccal or the opposite direction depending on the location of the defect, to fill it by plastering the composite. It may contribute the longevity of the restoration by improving the emergence profile and correcting the interproximal contour. Re-contouring of the interproximal surface defects by CPT is a useful approach to improve the esthetics as well as the function of anterior and posterior direct and indirect restorations which may also prolong the longevity.
Experimental investigation on the thermal-hydraulic performance of channel with gradient metal foam baffles
Authors: Fadhala Karrar , Fayyadh Ekhlas , Mohammed Ali
Published: March 2023

Metal foam is a novel material recently utilized in baffles as an alternative to solid baffles for reducing flow resistance. However, the metal foam baffles are accompanied by low heat transfer efficiency. To overcome this issue, a new design of copper foam baffles has been suggested in this research, called baffles having a gradient pore density of the copper foam. The pore density either increases or decreases towards the wall. So, the experimental tests were carried out in a square channel and heated uniformly at the bottom wall of the test section. Its walls are mounted copper foam baffles at a fixed porosity of 95%. Baffles were alternately fixed upon the walls' bottom and top in staggered mode. The results were determined for various kinds of copper foam (10 and 20) pores per inch (PPI), and the gradient pore density was either with the order decreasing (DPPI) 10/20 PPI or increasing (IPPI) 20/10 PPI with a window cut ratio of 25% and a constant heat flux of 4.4 kW/m2 . The Reynolds number was changed from 3.8x104 to 5.4x104 . The data for conventional copper solid baffles were used to compare the influence of foam metal type. The obtained results revealed an enhancement in thermohydraulic performance for baffles with a gradient pore density of the order decreasing DPPI (10/20 PPI) higher than all the models of copper foam baffles.
Application of additive technology and reverse engineering in the realization of damaged obsolete parts
Authors: Vorkapić Miloš , Živojinović Danijela , Kreculj Dragan , Ivanov Toni , Baltić Marija , Simonović Aleksandar
Published: March 2023

Reverse engineering (RE) aims to design a new replacement part based on the existing part. The goal is to perform a quality reproduction of the physical part with the best possible mechanical characteristics aiming to find optimal solutions regarding the shape and dimensions of the part. The procedure is implemented through a series of steps: creating a digital 3D model, improving model parameters, and realizing products using additive technologies. In this paper, a review and implementation of the fundamental methodologies of RE were carried out on the example of a damaged protective cover with an unknown geometry and material essential for the function of a discontinued device with no technical documentation and spare parts. An optical scanning method, 3D CAD, FEA, and additive manufacturing were used to realize the reproduced part. It was shown that by utilizing RE the lifecycle of the device could be significantly extended with minimal cost.
Comparative computational analysis of NATO 5.56 mm, APM2 7.62 mm and AK-47 7.82 mm bullet moving at Mach 2.0 in close vicinity to the wall
Authors: Salunke Samruddhi , Shinde Suryapratap , Gholap Tanmay , Sahoo Devabrata
Published: March 2023

Comparative Computational Analysis of NATO 5.56 mm, APM2 7.62 mm and AK-47 7.82 mm Bullet Moving at Mach 2.0 in Close Vicinity to the Wall Various rifles require unique bullets. Each bullet has its capability, speed, and impact on the target. In metropolitan warfare, several bullets are shot close to the solid walls. These near walls affect the pressure distribution over the entire asymmetric bullet. The influence of a reflected shock depends on the angle at which it was reflected and the altitude from the ground to the body of the bullet. The current research emphasizes three bullets of varying diameters used in different types of guns. The first bullet is of NATO 5.56 mm, the second is APM2's 7.62 mm bullet, and the third is a 7.82 mm bullet from an AK-47 rifle. For 2-D steady computations, the supersonic speed of Mach 2 is considered to analyze the flowfield across all three bullets. The heights of the bullet are taken considering the height-to-diameter ratios (h/D ratio) from 0.5 to 3.0. The Mach contour drawn from the numerical simulations is used to analyze the flowfield, and aerodynamic coefficients like lift, drag, and moment are also plotted to analyze the ground effects on the projectile. The comparative analysis showed that the trend of shock wave reflections was similar in the bullets till h/D of 1.5. The APM2 bullet experienced maximum drag, followed by AK-47's 7.82 mm and NATO's 5.56 mm bullet. The 7.82 mm bullet experienced maximum lifting force at h/D = 1.0 due to its larger surface area than the other two ammo. The 7.82 mm bullet experienced a nose-up moment, whereas the other two faced a nose-down moment. As the altitude of the bullets from the ground increased, the ground effect appearing on the bullets reduced. The present comparative analysis research shows that it is suitable to fire an AK-47 bullet from h/D greater than 2.0 and the other two bullets from an altitude greater than or equal to h/D of 3.0.
How to combine the Serbian stock index with precious metals in a multivariate Markowitz portfolio?
Authors: Živkov Dejan , Mihajlović Emilija , Lalošević Miloš
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to determine how to combine the Serbian stock index, BELEXline, with four precious metals - gold, silver, platinum and palladium, in order to minimize risk. In the process of portfolio construction, we use the theoretical concept of Markowitz. In particular, we first determine a portfolio of five assets, then exclude an asset with the lowest share and repeat the procedure till we reach a portfolio of two assets. In this way, we construct four portfolios of five, four, three and two assets. In the five-asset portfolio, the portfolio optimization process determines a zero share of silver, because silver bears the highest risk of all other portfolio instruments. This, also, means that five and four-asset portfolios have the same characteristics. On the other hand, in the three-asset portfolio, which contains the Serbian index, gold and platinum, we find a higher share of platinum, compared to the five-asset portfolio, because platinum has a higher negative correlation with BELEXline, vis-à-vis gold-BELEXline pair. Two-asset portfolio, which includes only the index and gold, has a higher risk in the amount of 5% and 4%, in relation to the four and three-asset counterparts. The general conclusion is that a three-asset portfolio is the best one, since it has slightly higher risk than a five or four-asset portfolio, but it has lower transaction cost because it includes only three instruments.
Business process automation: New challenges to increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of companies
Authors: Blahušiaková Miriama
Published: March 2023

Background: Scientific and technical progress are unstoppable. Nowadays, information technology affects every sphere of social and economic life. The automation of business processes is a common part of business and accounting practice. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the automation in companies. Regularly occurring transactions, which were performed manually before, are gradually being replaced by information technology and automatic robotic systems. The companies fully use cloud storages, artificial intelligence, or blockchain technologies. Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify areas and possibilities for improvement of business and accounting processes with use of information technologies, digitalization, and automation. Methodology: For the purpose of the paper, a standard methodology review of literature sources was performed. Then we conducted a brief questionnaire survey in order to find out the level of automation and digitization of business processes in companies in the Slovak Republic. Findings and conclusions: It is expected that, as a result of robotization and automation of business processes, some professions will gradually disappear within a few decades. Even the crisis related to COVID19 pandemic had an impact on the acceleration of using information technologies in business processes related to their digitalization and automation. The paper describes possibilities of automation with focus on e-shop, which make the processes safer, faster, more effective, eco-friendly, with fewer errors. On the other hand, there are some challenges and threats the accounting entities have to consider when implementing artificial intelligence, information technology in their business processes, such as cyber security, the Internet and electricity outages. We have observed that companies in Slovakia have their business processes more or less automated. However, the automation is the domain of bigger and multinational companies. The higher initial costs related to automation are limitation for smaller companies that need to consider benefits and costs the automation requires. Limitations and future research: Our paper is based on the theoretical background with a brief research in the area of implementing information technologies in companies in the Slovak Republic. The number of returned questionnaire surveys that were the base for our brief and initial research was very low. More detailed analysis of level of automation in the Slovak companies in comparison with companies abroad, their readiness for changes related to automation, as well as threats, challenges, pros and cons of automation may be the topic for the future research.
Photography Department of professor Aleksandar Kostić: Establishment, achievements and significance
Authors: Puškaš Nela , Arađanin Ivana
Published: March 2023

In 1924, Dr. Aleksandar Đ. Kostić, the first Professor of Histology and Embryology and the founder of the Institute of Histology at the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade, formed the Photography Department within the Institute. The first photographs were microphotographs of histological specimens and a certain number of them were published in 1925 in the Microphotographic Atlas of Normal Histology. However, a greater number of photographs were used for the preparation of microphotograms, that is, black and white diapositives which were shown during lectures and laboratory practices. In the following years, Professor Kostić expanded his photographic topics to pathohistological specimens, urine crystals, and bacteriological samples, operative and autopsy material, and embryological and teratological samples. A particularly important activity of the Department was making photographs of patients. Patients were photographed in hospitals or in the studio of the Photography Department. In addition to photographs, the first films entitled Blood flow in the peritoneal membrane of a frog and Blood flow in the interdigital membrane of a frog were made there. During the Second World War occupation, the Germans took away the photographic equipment and consumables, but after the liberation, at the beginning of 1946, the work was restored. In addition to photography, Professor Kostić organized filming and he directed the first medical films in the first post-war years. The Department was still the center of medical photography at the Faculty, while Professor Kostić was the head until 1952, when he was removed from the Faculty of Medicine due to political reasons.
Smoking Cessation, Version 3.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Shields Peter G. , Bierut Laura , Arenberg Douglas , Balis David , Cinciripini Paul M. , Davis James , Edmondson Donna , Feliciano Joy , Hitsman Brian , Hudmon Karen S. , Jaklitsch Michael T. , Leone Frank T. , Ling Pamela , McCarthy Danielle E. , Ong Michael K. , Park Elyse R. , Prochaska Judith , Sandoval Argelia J. , Sheffer Christine E. , Spencer Sharon , Studts Jamie L. , Tanvetyanon Tawee , Tindle Hilary A. , Tong Elisa , Triplette Matthew , Urbanic James , Videtic Gregory , Warner David , Whitlock C. Will , McCullough Beth , Darlow Susan
Published: March 2023

Although the harmful effects of smoking after a cancer diagnosis have been clearly demonstrated, many patients continue to smoke cigarettes during treatment and beyond. The NCCN Guidelines for Smoking Cessation emphasize the importance of smoking cessation in all patients with cancer and seek to establish evidence-based recommendations tailored to the unique needs and concerns of patients with cancer. The recommendations contained herein describe interventions for cessation of all combustible tobacco products (eg, cigarettes, cigars, hookah), including smokeless tobacco products. However, recommendations are based on studies of cigarette smoking. The NCCN Smoking Cessation Panel recommends that treatment plans for all patients with cancer who smoke include the following 3 tenets that should be done concurrently: (1) evidence-based motivational strategies and behavior therapy (counseling), which can be brief; (2) evidence-based pharmacotherapy; and (3) close follow-up with retreatment as needed.
Revolución e Historia Comparada de América Latina: una entrevista con el profesor Sergio Guerra Vilaboy.
Authors: López Acón Óscar , Padrón Alemán Miguel C.
Published: March 2023

Sergio Guerra Vilaboy (1949, La Habana) as director of the American History Department of the University of Havana and honorary president of Association of Historians of Latin America and the Caribbean has developed a prolific career focused on the study of the Latin American framework in comparative perspective according to the teachings of the German historian Manfred Kossok. Author of numerous publications, his knowledge about Latin-American and Cuban historiography makes him a leading figure in the field. For all that, this interview it’s focused on his personal career and how it has influenced his intellectual creation.

Sergio Guerra Vilaboy (1949, La Habana), director del Departamento de Historia de América la Universidad de La Habana y presidente de honor de la Asociación de Historiadores de América Latina y el Caribe (ADHILAC), ha desarrollado una prolífica carrera enfocada al estudio del marco latinoamericano en perspectiva comparada según las enseñanzas del historiador alemán Manfred Kossok. Con numerosas publicaciones en su haber, su conocimiento de la historiografía latinoamericana en general y cubana en particular, lo convierte en una figura destacada en la disciplina histórica. Por todo ello, en esta entrevista, realizada en la ciudad de La Habana en noviembre de 2021, se depara en su trayectoria vital y la impronta que esta ha tenido en su propia creación intelectual.
Los realistas desleales en Puno, Perú (1814-1816).
Authors: Amat y León Eric
Published: March 2023

In the wake of the royalist victory at Umachiri on March 11, 1815, the insurrection spread throughout the Intendancy of Puno. ‘Pacification’ required three military campaigns over the following year. Thousands perished, and the provinces were devastated. The Spanish authorities told a tale of white extermination to placate the wavering loyalty of their subjects. Untold is the identity of the insurgent leadership, dominated by former royalist officials. A survey of the records traces the origins of disloyalty to the crisis of Spanish legitimacy. The Constitution of Cadiz (1812) ushered the promise of a new era of governance. But those in power resisted change. Lacking the legal and political authority, the royalists resorted to the use of force to quell the pace of the reforms, and arrested constitutionally elected officials and their supporters. The political situation devolved, popular resentment mounted, and an increasingly defiant population turned to armed conflict as the provinces of Puno descended into chaos.

A raíz de la victoria realista en la batalla de Umachiri, que se llevó a cabo el 11 de marzo de 1815, la insurrección se extendió por el territorio que comprendía la intendencia de Puno. La “pacificación” de esta jurisdicción requirió de tres campañas militares durante el año siguiente para ser derrotada. Dichas campañas fueron costosas pues miles de personas perecieron y las subdelegaciones fueron devastada Es así como las autoridades españolas contaron una historia de exterminio para aplacar la lealtad vacilante de sus súbditos. Sin embargo, no se ha contado acerca de la identidad del liderazgo insurgente que tuvo como características principales estar dominada por exfuncionarios monárquicos. La pesquisa de documentos permite rastrear los orígenes de estas deslealtades con el inicio de la crisis monárquica. La Constitución Política de la Monarquía Española (1812) marcó el comienzo de la promesa de una nueva jerarquía. Es a raíz de estos acontecimientos que hubo una marcada resistencia a los cambios políticos. Las autoridades realistas emplearon el uso de la fuerza para sofocar la utilización legítima de las nuevas políticas de gobierno. Estuvieron en contra de las reformas, arrestaron a funcionarios constitucionalmente electos y a sus partidarios, por lo que la situación política involucionó, aumentó el resentimiento político y una población cada vez más desafiante recurrió al conflicto armado en el espacio puneño.
Proton beam energy deposition in fast ignition and production of protons on Shenguang II upgraded device
Authors: He Min-Qing , Zhang Hua , Li Ming-Qiang , Peng Li , Zhou Cang-Tao ,   Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China,   Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China,   Engineering Physics College, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
Published: March 2023

The proton beam energy deposition and the prodution of proton beams in proton fast ignition are investigated with the fluid program, partice-in-cell program and Fokker-Planck program based on the parameters of Shenguang II upgraded device. Firstly, according to the target parameters of fast ignition, the energy depositions of different energy protons are investigated. It is obtained that the higher the incident proton energy, the higher the surface density that the protons go through, accordingly the longer the proton deposition distance in the same background plasma density. On the assumption that the diameter of the compression core is 20–30 μm, and that the protons deposited in the core give the energy to the background plasma, the energy of the proton required by fast ignition is obtained by Fokker-Planck simulation. Protons with energy of 7–12 MeV are appropriate for ignition when the background plasma density is 300 g/cm3, while 8–18 MeV protons for 400 g/cm3. The background plasma temperatures are both 5 keV in the two cases. Secondly, we use particle-in-cell program to study the proton acceleration with or without preplasma which is given by fluid program with using the laser intensity \begin{document}$ I = 5.4 \times {10^{19}}{\text{ }}{\rm{W/c}}{{\rm{m}}^2} $\end{document} based on the parameters of Shenguang II upgraded device. The laser has 350 J of enegy, 3 ps of Gaussion pluse width and 10 µm of spot radius. The curvature of the target which is 10 µm thick copper coated with 1 µm thick hydrogen plasma, is 500 µm. The maximum proton energy obtained with preplama is 22 MeV, however the maximum proton energy obtained without preplasma is 17.5 MeV. The conversion efficiency from laser to protons is 5.12% with preplasma and 4.15% without preplasma. The conversion efficiency with preplasma is 20% higher than that without preplasma. We also study the mechanisms of the acceleration in the two situations. The freely expanding plasma model is used to explain the acceleration mechanism. The simulated electric field is smaller than that calculated by using the freely expanding plasma model, because some protons are accelerated at the time of plasma expansion, which consumes some electric field. The results of proton energy deposition show that the proton beams that are suitable for fast ignition can be obtained by the Shenguang II upgraded device.