bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cai Yingying , Feng Fei , Wei Qianqian , Jiang Zheng , Ou Ruwei , Shang Huifang
Published: March 2021

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) and sarcopenia are two common diseases in aging people. To date, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD patients and the relationship between clinical features and sarcopenia in PD patients are not clear. The aim of the study was to (1) assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in PD patients and (2) reveal the clinical features between PD patients with and without sarcopenia.

Method: A systematic review was carried out through screening PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane database in May 2020. All study designs (case–control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies) were eligible for meta-analysis. Data of patients' characteristics, sarcopenia criteria, sarcopenia prevalence, and sarcopenia measures were retrieved. The primary outcome was estimated prevalence of sarcopenia by a pooled prevalence (%) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), using a random-effects model. The secondary outcome was the differences in clinical features between PD patients with and without sarcopenia by meta-analysis. Included articles were assessed for risk of bias. Potential sources of variation were investigated by using subgroup analyses and meta-regression.

Result: Ten studies were included in the review. Among them, nine were cross-sectional studies, and one was a prospective cohort study. Age of participants with PD in the studies ranged from 51.1 to 80.7 years. The estimated prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 6 to 55.5%. The random-effects pooled prevalence was 29% (95% CIs: 0.18–0.40). When only studies at low risk of bias were considered, pooled prevalence decreased to 17% (95% CIs: 0.02–0.33), with still high heterogeneity. The incidence of falls in PD patients with sarcopenia was higher than that in PD patients without sarcopenia. There was no difference in sex ratio between PD patients with and without sarcopenia.

Conclusion: Sarcopenia seems to be common in patients with PD. Early assessment of sarcopenia should be implemented in PD to avoid fall and disability.
Screening for Cognitive Impairment After Stroke: Validation of the Chinese Version of the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screen
Authors: Xu Yangfan , Yi Lingrong , Lin Yangyang , Peng Suiying , Wang Weiming , Lin Wujian , Chen Peize , Zhang Weichao , Deng Yujie , Guo Suimin , Shi Le , Wang Yuling , Molloy D. William , O'Caoimh Rónán
Published: March 2021

Background: Screening for post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is necessary because stroke increases the incidence of and accelerates premorbid cognitive decline. The Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment (Qmci) screen is a short, reliable and accurate cognitive screening instrument but is not yet validated in PSCI. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of a Chinese version of the Qmci screen (Qmci-CN) compared with the widely-used Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-CN) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-CN).

Methods: We recruited 34 patients who had recovered from a stroke in rehabilitation unit clinics in 2 university hospitals in China: 11 with post-stroke dementia (PSD), 15 with post-stroke cognitive impairment no dementia (PSCIND), and 8 with normal cognition (NC). Classification was made based on clinician assessment supported by a neuropsychological battery, independent of the screening test scores. The Qmci-CN, MoCA-CN, and MMSE-CN screens were administered randomly by a trained rater, blind to the diagnosis.

Results: The mean age of the sample was 63 ± 13 years and 61.8% were male. The Qmci-CN had statistically similar diagnostic accuracy in differentiating PSD from NC, an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 compared to 0.99 for the MoCA-CN (p = 0.237) and 0.99 for the MMSE-CN (p = 0.293). The Qmci-CN (AUC 0.91), MoCA-CN (AUC 0.94), and MMSE-CN (AUC 0.79) also had statistically similar accuracy in separating PSD from PSCIND. The MoCA-CN more accurately distinguished between PSCIND and normal cognition than the Qmci-CN (p = 0.015). Compared to the MoCA-CN, the administration times of the Qmci-CN (329s vs. 611s, respectively, p < 0.0001) and MMSE-CN (280 vs. 611s, respectively, p < 0.0001) were significantly shorter.

Conclusion: The Qmci-CN is accurate in identifying PSD and separating PSD from PSCIND in patients post-stroke following rehabilitation and is comparable to the widely-used MoCA-CN, albeit with a significantly shorter administration time. The Qmci-CN had relatively poor accuracy in identifying PSCIND from NC and hence may lack accuracy for certain subgroups. However, given the small sample size, the study is under-powered to show superiority of one instrument over another. Further study is needed to confirm these findings in a larger sample size and in other settings (countries and languages).
Years of Life Lost Due to Premature Death and Their Trends in People With Selected Neurological Disorders in Shanghai, China, 1995–2018: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Luo Zheng , Lv Huihui , Chen Yichen , Xu Xiaoyun , Liu Kangyong , Li Xiaopan , Deng Yang , Zhou Yi
Published: March 2021

Background: Neurological disorders are the leading cause of long-term disability and the second leading cause of death in the world. We aimed to characterize the long-term trends in mortality and disease burden of selected neurological disorders and quantitatively analyze the contributions of demographic and non-demographic factors on the mortality of selected neurological disorders in Shanghai, China, 1995–2018.

Methods: Mortality data were derived from the Vital Statistics System of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China, during 1995–2018. Temporal trends for the mortality rates and burden of selected neurological disorders were analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program. Years of life lost (YLL) was used to analyze the burden of disease. The increasing mortality rates related to demographic and non-demographic factors were estimated by the decomposition method.

Results: A total of 4432 deaths from selected neurological disorders occurred during 1995–2018, accounting for 0.98% of total deaths. The crude mortality rates (CMR) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRW) of neurological disorders were 7.14/105 person–years and 4.08/105 person–years, respectively. Extrapyramidal and movement disorders, other degenerative diseases of the nervous system, and episodic and paroxysmal disorders were the three leading causes of mortality and YLL of selected neurological disorders. The CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL for deaths from selected neurological disorders showed significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population during 1995–2018 (all P < 0.001). The contribution rates of increased values of CMR related to demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors.

Conclusion: The mortality rate and rate of YLL for death from selected neurological disorders increased significantly during 1995–2018 in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The demographic factors, particularly aging, might be related to an increase in the mortality of neurological disorders. More effective prevention strategies are needed to prevent the aging-related death and burden from neurological disorders in the future.
The Mechanisms Leading to Distinct Responses to PD-1/PD-L1 Blockades in Colorectal Cancers With Different MSI Statuses
Authors: Cui Guanglin
Published: March 2021

Current clinical studies showed distinct therapeutic outcomes, in which CRC patients with mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability high (MSI-H) seem to be relatively more “sensitive” in response to anti-programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1)/programmed death-1 receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy than those with mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR)/microsatellite instability-low (MSI-L). The mechanisms by which the same PD-1/PD-L1 blockades lead to two distinct therapeutic responses in CRC patients with different MSI statuses remain poorly understood and become a topic of great interest in both basic research and clinical practice. In this review of the potential mechanisms for the distinct response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockades between dMMR/MSI-H CRCs and pMMR/MSI-L CRCs, relevant references were electronically searched and collected from databases PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google scholar. Sixty-eight articles with full text and 10 articles by reference-cross search were included for final analysis after eligibility selection according to the guidelines of PRISMA. Analysis revealed that multiple factors e.g. tumor mutation burden, immune cell densities and types in the tumor microenvironment, expression levels of PD-1/PD-L1 and cytokines are potential determinants of such distinct response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockades in CRC patients with different MSI statuses which might help clinicians to select candidates for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and improve therapeutic response in patients with CRC.
Medicinal Prospects of Antioxidants From Algal Sources in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Ferdous Umme Tamanna , Yusof Zetty Norhana Balia
Published: March 2021

Though cancer therapeutics can successfully eradicate cancerous cells, the effectiveness of these medications is mostly restricted to several deleterious side effects. Therefore, to alleviate these side effects, antioxidant supplementation is often warranted, reducing reactive species levels and mitigating persistent oxidative damage. Thus, it can impede the growth of cancer cells while protecting the normal cells simultaneously. Moreover, antioxidant supplementation alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics hinders further tumor development, prevents chemoresistance by improving the response to chemotherapy drugs, and enhances cancer patients’ quality of life by alleviating side effects. Preclinical and clinical studies have been revealed the efficacy of using phytochemical and dietary antioxidants from different sources in treating chemo and radiation therapy-induced toxicities and enhancing treatment effectiveness. In this context, algae, both micro and macro, can be considered as alternative natural sources of antioxidants. Algae possess antioxidants from diverse groups, which can be exploited in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite having nutritional benefits, investigation and utilization of algal antioxidants are still in their infancy. This review article summarizes the prospective anticancer effect of twenty-three antioxidants from microalgae and their potential mechanism of action in cancer cells, as well as usage in cancer therapy. In addition, antioxidants from seaweeds, especially from edible species, are outlined, as well.
The Molecular Basis of Kale Domestication: Transcriptional Profiling of Developing Leaves Provides New Insights Into the Evolution of a Brassica oleracea Vegetative Morphotype
Authors: Arias Tatiana , Niederhuth Chad E. , McSteen Paula , Pires J. Chris
Published: March 2021

Morphotypes ofBrassica oleraceaare the result of a dynamic interaction between genes that regulate the transition between vegetative and reproductive stages and those that regulate leaf morphology and plant architecture. In kales, ornate leaves, extended vegetative phase, and nutritional quality are some of the characters potentially selected by humans during domestication. We used a combination of developmental studies and transcriptomics to understand the vegetative domestication syndrome of kale. To identify candidate genes that are responsible for the evolution of domestic kale, we searched for transcriptome-wide differences among three vegetativeB. oleraceamorphotypes. RNA-seq experiments were used to understand the global pattern of expressed genes during a mixture of stages at one time in kale, cabbage, and the rapid cycling kale line TO1000. We identified gene expression patterns that differ among morphotypes and estimate the contribution of morphotype-specific gene expression that sets kale apart (3958 differentially expressed genes). Differentially expressed genes that regulate the vegetative to reproductive transition were abundant in all morphotypes. Genes involved in leaf morphology, plant architecture, defense, and nutrition were differentially expressed in kale. This allowed us to identify a set of candidate genes we suggest may be important in the kale domestication syndrome. Understanding candidate genes responsible for kale domestication is of importance to ultimately improve Cole crop production.
Effect of Executive Function on Event-Based Prospective Memory for Different Forms of Learning Disabilities
Authors: Ji Lili , Zhao Qi , Gu Huang , Chen Yanan , Zhao Junfeng , Jiang Xiaowei , Wu Lina
Published: March 2021

Students with learning disabilities (LDs) suffer from executive function deficits and impaired prospective memory (PM). Yet the specificity of deficits associated with different types of LDs is still unclear. The object of the present research was to compare subgroups of students with different forms of LDs (<25th percentile) on executive function and PM. Students with a mathematics disability (MD,n= 30), reading disability (RD,n= 27), both (RDMD,n= 27), or neither (typically developing, TD,n= 30) were evaluated on a set of executive functioning tasks (e.g., updating, inhibition, and shifting) and on PM. The results showed that students with MDs and RDMDs suffered from PM deficits. Among the subtypes of LDs, the deficit is different. The students with RDMDs showed a wide range of defects in PM, shifting, inhibition, and updating. In comparison, students with MDs experienced deficits in PM and shifting, while students with RDs experienced a deficit only in updating. For the RD group, the RDMD group and the TD group, updating, and shifting significantly predicted PM. For the MD group, only shifting significantly predicted PM performance, but PM deficits were not completely confined to shifting deficits.
Pretending to Be Better Than They Are? Emotional Manipulation in Imprisoned Fraudsters
Authors: Wang Qianglong , Liu Zhenbiao , Bernat Edward M. , Vivino Anthony A. , Liang Zilu , Bai Shuliang , Liu Chao , Yang Bo , Zhang Zhuo
Published: March 2021

Fraud can cause severe financial losses and affect the physical and mental health of victims. This study aimed to explore the manipulative characteristics of fraudsters and their relationship with other psychological variables. Thirty-four fraudsters were selected from a medium-security prison in China, and thirty-one healthy participants were recruited online. Both groups completed an emotional face-recognition task and self-report measures assaying emotional manipulation, psychopathy, emotion recognition, and empathy. Results showed that imprisoned fraudsters had higher accuracy in identifying fear and surprise faces but lower accuracy in identifying happiness than controls (t = 5.26, p < 0.001; t = 2.38, p < 0.05; t = 3.75, p < 0.001). Significantly lower scores on non-prosocial factors on the Managing the Emotions of Others scale (MEOS) were found for imprisoned fraudsters, relative to controls (t = 3.21, p < 0.01). Imprisoned fraudsters had low scores in the assessment of psychopathy than the control group, especially Factor 1 (t = 2.04, p = 0.05). For empathy, imprisoned fraudsters had significantly higher scores in perspective-taking than controls (t = 2.03, p = 0.05). Correlation analyses revealed that psychopathic traits were positively correlated with non-prosocial factors in both groups. However, the relationships between emotional manipulation and emotional recognition and empathy were not consistent across the groups. The results suggest that fraudsters may pretend to be as prosocial as healthy controls, who had lower antisocial tendencies, normal empathy ability, and would like to manipulate others’ emotions positively during social interaction.
Barriers and Facilitators in Adolescent Psychotherapy Initiated by Adults—Experiences That Differentiate Adolescents’ Trajectories Through Mental Health Care
Authors: Stige Signe Hjelen , Barca Tonje , Lavik Kristina Osland , Moltu Christian
Published: March 2021

Mental health problems start early in life. However, the majority of adolescents fulfilling the criteria for mental health disorders do not receive treatment, and half of those who do get treatment drop out. This begs the question of what differentiates helpful from unhelpful treatment processes from the perspective of young clients. In this study, we interviewed 12 young people who entered mental health care reluctantly at the initiative of others before the age of 18. Their journeys through mental health care varied significantly despite sharing the same starting point. Our analyses resulted in a model of three trajectories. We describe relational and structural facilitators and obstacles within each trajectory and have formulated narratives highlighting core experiences differentiating them. Trajectory 1 (I never saw the point – Being met as a case) was characterized by a rapid loss of hope, leading the adolescents to conclude that mental health care was not worth the investment. Trajectory 2 (I gave it a go, but nothing came of it – Being met by a therapist representing a rigid and unhelpful system) was characterized by a lingering hope that never materialized into a constructive therapeutic process despite prevailing efforts by both therapists and adolescents. Trajectory 3 (Something good came of it – Being met by a therapist who cares and wants to help) was characterized by genuine meetings, allowing the therapist to transform from an unsafe stranger into a safe, competent, and benevolent adult. We discuss how our results have implications for understanding agency displayed by adolescent clients in therapy, therapist flexibility and authenticity, service organization, and attributional processes influencing clinical judgment and therapeutic processes when adolescent psychotherapy has a difficult starting point (i.e., initiated by adults).
Meteorological Variables and Suicidal Behavior: Air Pollution and Apparent Temperature Are Associated With High-Lethality Suicide Attempts and Male Gender
Authors: Aguglia Andrea , Giacomini Gabriele , Montagna Elisa , Amerio Andrea , Escelsior Andrea , Capello Marco , Cutroneo Laura , Ferretti Gabriele , Scafidi Davide , Costanza Alessandra , Serafini Gianluca , Amore Mario
Published: March 2021

This study analyzed the impact of meteorological variables and high-lethality suicide attempts (HLSA) to assess a potential time shift of HLSA affected by climate evolution to predict the suicide attempt cases over different periods of the year. After attempting suicide, 225 subjects were admitted to the emergency ward of the IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino and later to the psychiatric unit from March 2016 to July 2018. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the meteorological variables were collected. The Mann-Kendall test as well as redundancy and cross-correlation analyses were performed to analyze the trends, statistically correlations, and correspondence of the trends, respectively between suicidal behaviors and climatic factors. Sixty-seven (29.8%) committed a HLSA. Our findings indicate a significant association between HLSA and male gender and apparent temperature with a strong correlation of 75% with a phase shift of −1 month. Solar radiation and air pollution (PM2.5) have a positive correlation of 65 and 32%, respectively, with a zero-time lag. Limitations include that the data are limited to a single hospital; psychological factors, or other clinical variables that could be ruled out as a trigger have not been considered. Meteorological variables may not mirror the temperature that the patient is exposed to due to the air conditioning systems. Exploring those environmental factors associated with HLSA in a more detailed manner could lead to early intervention and prevention strategies for such distressing admissions.
How SARS-CoV-2 and Comparable Pathogens Can Be Defeated in a Single Day: Description and Mathematical Model of the Carrier Separation Plan (CSP)
Authors: Epstein Robert , Houser Connan , Wang Ruixiao
Published: March 2021

A simple, common-sense, three-component procedure—the Carrier Separation Plan (CSP)—can immediately halt the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 or a comparable pathogen, allow the safe reopening of an entire economy without the need for social distancing, and quickly eradicate the pathogen from the population (assuming the pathogen can be killed by the immune systems of the carriers). The three components are (a) nearly simultaneous self-testing for the pathogen by an entire population, followed rapidly by (b) nearly simultaneous self-isolation of carriers, and (c) secondary screening at entrances to facilities where people congregate. After a period of preparation lasting roughly 5–10 weeks, these steps could and probably should be taken in a single day. The power of this methodology has already been demonstrated in varying degrees with groups ranging in size from 1,000 to 11 million. Although this plan might seem daunting, its costs are minimal compared to the losses we have incurred by relying on half measures, and the US and other countries have the technological, logistical, and industrial capacities to implement this plan in a matter of weeks. With proper messaging during the weeks leading up to the testing, compliance in such a program is likely to be high given the potential benefits, and because participation is voluntary and testing is noninvasive, the legal and ethical issues associated with such a program are minimal – trivial, in fact, compared to those associated with imposing a months-long lockdown on an entire population. A SIRD/CSP model suggests that the single-day testing and separation procedure will substantially lower the number of infections, even if compliance with the procedure is modest. Modeling also suggests that when long-term secondary screening is added to the 1-day procedure, over time, the pathogen is eradicated from the population. This can occur even when compliance with secondary screening is itself relatively low.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss After Balloon Eustachian Tube Dilatation
Authors: Todt Ingo , Oppel Felix , Sudhoff Holger
Published: March 2021

Objective: Eustachian tube function is of central importance for the ventilation of the middle ear. A dysfunction can be associated with chronic otitis media, and cholesteatoma. Balloon Eustachian tube dilatation (BET) is a treatment option used to solve eustachian tube dysfunction. Although BET is widely performed, little is known about the occurrence rate of the complications associated with BET. The aim of the present study was to observe the rate of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) after BET.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated in a chart review 1,547 patients and 2,614 procedures of BET performed in a single center between 2015 and 2019 using the Spiggle and Theis, Overath, Germany eustachian tube dilatation system.

Results: We observed seven cases of SNHL after BET. In two cases, the SNHL persisted, and in five cases, the SNHL was transient. In two cases of SNHL, a simultaneous tympanoplasty was performed. The overall rate of SNHL per procedure is 0.3%. The rate of permanent SNHL is 0.08%.

Conclusion: BET has a low rate of SNHL. Rapid middle ear pressure changes are assumed to cause BET-related hearing loss.
Silencing Osteopontin Expression Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Induce Altered Protein Expression in Melanoma Cells
Authors: Kiss Tímea , Jámbor Krisztina , Koroknai Viktória , Szász István , Bárdos Helga , Mokánszki Attila , Ádány Róza , Balázs Margit
Published: March 2021

Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional phosphoprotein that is expressed in different types of cancers, including melanoma. OPN overexpression is associated with tumor progression and metastasis formation; however, the role of OPN in cell invasion and metastasis formation is not completely understood. In this study we aimed to define OPN expression in melanoma tissues and cell lines and investigate the effect of OPN expression on cell proliferation and invasion after inhibiting OPN expression with small interfering RNA (siRNA). OPN gene expression was determined by qRT-PCR, while protein expression was examined using a Proteome Profiler Oncology Array. siRNA-mediated OPN knockdown led to decreased OPN expression in melanoma cell lines, which was associated with decreased cell proliferation and invasion. Proteome profile analysis revealed significantly different protein expression between the original and transfected cell lines. The altered expression of the differently expressed proteins was validated at the mRNA level. Furthermore, OPN-specific siRNA was able to reduce OPN expression and inhibit the invasiveness of melanoma cells. Our results revealed for the first time that silencing the OPN gene influences proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells by effecting EGFR, tenascin C, survivin, galectin-3 and enolase 2 expression. To predict protein-protein interactions along with putative pathways we used STRING analysis for the differentially expressed proteins. These proteins formed multiple clusters, including extracellular matrix organization, regulation of angiogenesis, cell death and cell migration, PI3K-Akt, MAPK and focal adhesion signaling pathways. Taken together these data suggest that OPN might be an ideal target for drug development and therapies.
Adjustment of Subwavelength Rippled Structures on Titanium by Two-Step Fabrication Using Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Authors: Yuan Yanping , Guo Xinyang , Shang Yitong , Chen Jimin
Published: March 2021

An effective approach is proposed to adjust the surface morphology induced by using a femtosecond laser, including the area and period of rippled structures. The effect of the processing steps and laser polarization on the surface morphology of rippled structures on a titanium surface was experimentally investigated in this study. A processing sequence was designed for two series of femtosecond laser pulses that irradiate a titanium surface, for example, N = 50(0°) + 50(90°). The experimental results show that the area and period of rippled structures can be simultaneously adjusted by following a two-step method. Due to the enhancement of energy absorption and SP-laser coupling of the initial rippled structures, large area surface structures with small periods are fabricated using two series of femtosecond laser pulses with the same polarization direction. By changing the polarization direction of the two series of femtosecond laser pulses, the recording, erasing, and rewriting of subwavelength ripples is achieved. During the rewriting process, material removal and the formation of new ripples simultaneously occur.
Fibre Optic FBG Sensors for Monitoring of the Temperature of the Building Envelope
Authors: Juraszek Janusz , Antonik-Popiołek Patrycja
Published: March 2021

Standard sensors for the measurement and monitoring of temperature in civil structures are liable to mechanical damage and electromagnetic interference. A system of purpose-designed fibre optic FBG sensors offers a more suitable and reliable solution—the sensors can be directly integrated with the load-bearing structure during construction, it is possible to create a network of fibre optic sensors to ensure not only temperature measurements but also measurements of strain and of the moisture content in the building envelope. The paper describes the results of temperature measurements of a building 2-layer wall using optical fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and of a three-layer wall using equivalent classical temperature sensors. The testing results can be transmitted remotely. In the first stage, the sensors were tested in a climatic test chamber to determine their characteristics. The paper describes test results of temperature measurements carried out in the winter season for two multilayer external walls of a building in relation to the environmental conditions recorded at that time, i.e., outdoor temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. Cases are considered with the biggest difference in the level of the relative humidity of air recorded in the observation period. It is found that there is greater convergence between the theoretical and the real temperature distribution in the wall for high levels (~84%) of the outdoor air relative humidity, whereas at the humidity level of ~49%, the difference between theoretical and real temperature histories is substantial and totals up to 20%. A correction factor is proposed for the theoretical temperature distribution.
ТРУДОВА МІГРАЦІЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ВОЛІ ЛЮДИНИ ДО ЗНАХОДЖЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТІ
Authors: Коваленко О. О.
Published: March 2021

Мета наукової статі полягає у встановленні справжньої мети трудової міграції та визначенні на цій підставі характеристики трудової міграції як засобу реалізації волі людини в сучасному світі. Розглядаються сучасні наукові результати та дані державних та міжнародних інституцій щодо функції трудової міграції у розвитку суспільства, фактори, що впливають на трудову міграцію, її наслідки. Автори дійшли висновку, що трудова міграція є явищем, яке іманентно притаманне існуванню та розвитку людської цивілізації, з яким неможливо боротись, і що трудова міграція є проявом гуманізації та демократизації суспільства через реалізацію втілення природного бажання людини жити, жити краще, а отже, обмеження трудової міграції є порушенням прав людини. Акцентується увага на тому, що трудова міграція є засобом реалізації волі людини до досягнення соціальної справедливості. Усвідомлення цієї принципової тези має стати засадою для визначення напрямів державної політики щодо трудової міграції у сучасному світі та визначати зміст та її спрямованість.
ІНТЕРЕС ЯК ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНА КАТЕГОРІЯ, ЩО ВИЗНАЧАЄ СПРЯМОВАНІСТЬ РОЗВИТКУ ТРУДОВОГО ПРАВА УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Гапочка К. В.
Published: March 2021

Метою статі є характеристика інтересу як фундаментальної категорії, що визначає спрямованість розвитку трудового права України; визначення суб’єкта, інтереси якого мають відображатись у майбутньому кодифікованому акті, що регулює трудові та похідні від них відносини в Україні. У дослідженні автор доходить висновку, що норма трудового права, незалежно від того, ким вона напрацьовуються й ким приймається, не має відповідати інтересам лише працівників чи роботодавців і тим більше нормотворців, а має відображати власні інтереси тих суб’єктів, відносини за участі яких вона регулює: працівника та роботодавця. Зважаючи на часткову різновекторність їхніх інтересів, у приведенні їх до спільного знаменника визначальну роль відіграє соціальний діалог, елементи якого закладені для використання на всіх етапах нормотворення.
Analisis Sentimen Pada Maskapai Penerbangan di Platform Twitter Menggunakan Algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Authors: Husada Hendry Cipta , Paramita Adi Suryaputra
Published: March 2021

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini telah memberikan kemudahan bagi banyak orang dalam mendapatkan dan menyebarkan informasi di berbagai social media platform. Twitter merupakan salah satu media yang kerap digunakan untuk menyampaikan opini sebagai bentuk reaksi seseorang atas suatu hal. Opini yang terdapat di Twitter dapat digunakan perusahaan maskapai penerbangan sebagai parameter kunci untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan publik sekaligus bahan evaluasi bagi perusahaan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, diperlukan sebuah metode yang dapat secara otomatis melakukan klasifikasi opini ke dalam kategori positif, negatif, atau netral melalui proses analisis sentimen. Proses analisis sentimen dilakukan dengan proses data preprocessing, pembobotan kata menggunakan metode TF-IDF, penerapan algoritma, dan pembahasan atas hasil klasifikasi. Klasifikasi opini dilakukan dengan machine learning approach memanfaatkan algoritma multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah opini dalam bahasa Inggris dari para pengguna Twitter terhadap maskapai penerbangan. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan, hasil klasifikasi terbaik diperoleh menggunakan SVM kernel RBF pada nilai parameter 𝐶(complexity) = 10 dan 𝛾(gamma) = 1, dengan nilai accuracy sebesar 84,37% dan 80,41% ketika menggunakan 10-fold cross validation.
HEALING PROBLEMS WITH «LITTLE» WOUND. SURGERY STRATEGY
Authors: Podpryatov S. E. , Podpriiatov S. S. , Korchak V. P. , Bielousov I. O. , Satsiuk I. V.
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study. An analysis of own experience in treating wounds which were found to need special treatment or ended in failure.

Methods. Results of treatment of 221 patients were analysed. Criteria of inclusion were wound/ necrosis/blow size not more than 5 cm in greatest measurement at arrival. The force of blow was not greater than the body weight. Of patients 149 have diabetes mellitus, on anticoagulant therapy were 53. All patients have been operated on, onetime 132, twice 53, three times 28, four times or more 8.

Results. Complicated healing was caused by prolongation of inflammation in 47 cases, spreading of necrosis in 35, arising of compartment syndrome 7.

The most important reasons of complications were

1) edema of patient’s limb, difficulties in; 2) acceptance of limbs compartment syndrome both of microbial and coagulopathy origin; 3) differentiation between routine and Clostridia genesis of inflammation, 4) estimating rightful duration of drainage staying and antibacterial therapy in compromised patient.

Conclusion. In cases of specific infection, coagulopathy, limb edema of different etiology and, in diabetic patients, renal insufficiency, low c-peptide level, and insulin resistance each of this obstacles lead to special complications, if neglected may result in limb amputation and, be even life threatening. Each of it need a peculiar treatment. Knowing of this specifics gives to surgeon some particular tool in treatment.
Features of structure and dynamics in damages of fertile properties in ejaculate under the influence of toxocariasis invasion
Authors: Voroncova L. L. , Kenijz S. O. , Kovalenko V. A.
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study. To study the features of changes of spermiologic values and degree of spermatozoa DNA fragmentation depending on the presence/absence of toxocariasis invasion.

Materials and methods. 89 men aged 20 to 45 years were examined, which were divided into 5 groups. The first (control) group was 12 fertile men; the second group (comparison group) – 27 infertility patients with normal level of DNA fragmentation of sperm and without antibodies to toxocariasis; The third group – 20 infertility men with normal level of DNA fragmentation of sperm and presence of antibodies to toxocariasis. By the fourth and fifth groups included 15 infertility men with high levels of DNA fragmentation of sperm and the presence of antibodies to toxocariasis and lack of respectively. A comprehensive research was conducted for all men that included analysis of spermogram according to WHO recommendations, determination of sperm DNA fragmentation and presence of toxocariasis invasion.

Results. As a result of spermograms in the studied groups of men were identified the violations of ejaculate fertility (asteno-, teratoand oligozoospermia). It has been established that the degree disturbance of spermatogenesis (including significant oligoand teratozoospermia) is depending on the fragmentation of DNA in male gametes and the presence of antibodies to toxocara. At the same time more severe patozoospermia observed in the presence of elevated levels of fragmented sperms and the absence of antibodies to toxocara antigens, which is the basis for further research.

Conclusions. Thus, the determination of sperm DNA fragmentation and availability of toxocariasis invasion in men with reproductive disorders is a necessary component of a comprehensive examination, which may allow to improve the diagnostics of male infertility and to promote the development of the right tactics and optimal treatment regimens.
Recurrent bronchitis immunomodulation in children with vertebrobasilar arterial system syndrome
Authors: Ovcharenko L. S. , Slutskaya Т. V. , Vertehel A. A. , Andrienko T. G. , Samokhin I. V. , Kryazhev A. V.
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the study. To increase of recurrent bronchitis (RB) immunoprophylaxis effectiveness inchildrenaged 7 to 12 yearswiththevertebrobasilar arterial system syndrome (VBASS).

Materials and methods. 60 children aged 7 to 12 years with RB and VBASS were examined. Two groups were formed (30 children each): 1) children with RB and VBASS receiving ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at 300 mg per day during meals for 60 days; 2) children with RB and VBASS receiving multivitamins in a prophylactic daily dose during meals for 60 days. The state of immunity was assessed by data on phagocytosis, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19, CD25, CD95; serum levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and secretory sIgA in saliva.

Results. When ω-3 PUFA is used, the frequency of registration of low indices of phagocytic index decreases (by 16,7%, p < 0,05), phagocytic number (by 28,4%, p < 0,05), index of phagocytosis completion (by 15,0%, p < 0,05), the spontaneous NST-test index (by 10,0%, p < 0,05), the CD16 content (by 10,0%, p < 0,05); the number of children decreases with an increase in CD3 (by 21,7%, p < 0,05), CD8 (by 15,0%, p < 0,05), CD19 (by 16,7%, p < 0,05), CD25 (by 31,6%, p < 0,05), CD95 (by 18,4%, p < 0,05), serum IgG (by 11,7%, p < 0,05), IgM (by 31,7%, p < 0,05), TNF-α (by 30,0%, p < 0,05) and decreased IgA level (by 15,0%, p<0,05), saliva sIgA (by 31,6%, p < 0,05).

Conclusions. The use of ω-3 PUFA is an effective remedy for RB immunoprophylaxis in children with (на 11,7%, р < 0,05), IgМ (на 31,7%, р < 0,05), ФНО-α (на 30,0%, р < 0,05) и сниженного уровня IgА (на 15,0%, р < 0,05), sIgA слюны (на 31,6%, р < 0,05).

VBASS, which is associated with the universal regulatory mechanism of immunotropic influence – protective and anti-inflammatory.
DASHBOARD INFORMATION SYSTEM OF PEMINJAMAN UANG (PINANG) APPLICATION
Authors: Andiani Andiani , Zidni L. M. Farhan
Published: March 2021

Pinang is a digital application-based BRI Agro product that runs on the Android operating system, wherewith this application customers can apply for loans without collateral digitally, anywhere, and anytime. Of course, we need a system that can help the process of managing data from Pinang customers, starting from adding company cooperation with the Pinang application to maintaining and monitoring the system. So a Pinang dashboard information system is needed that can assist in the operation of the Pinang application that is capable of managing data, monitoring, and maintenance if there are problems in the Pinang application borrowing process. The Pinang dashboard can make it easier to manage, monitor, and provide information related to the Pinang application, including customer status, whitelist, repayment, disbursement, outstanding, ID card approval, and report withdrawal. The areca dashboard is built using the waterfall method, this method in its design uses UML diagrams, use case diagrams, activity diagrams, sequence diagrams, class diagrams, and entity-relationship diagrams (ERD). The implementation of making Pinang dashboards uses the Golang programming language, Node Js, React Js, keycloak, and the PostgreSQL database. With the Pinang Dashboard, it is hoped that it can facilitate the operational team in maintaining the Pinang application and building a system that can manage, monitor, and provide information related to the Pinang application.
RESTAURANT DENSITY PREDICTION SYSTEM USING FEED FORWARD NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Sandi Muhammad Kurnia , Prasasti Anggunmeka Luhur , Paryasto Marisa W.
Published: March 2021

In this day and age, information about something is so important. The level of trust of modern society depends on the testing of information. Tested and accurate information will have a good impact on the community. One of the important but often missed information is information about the density of a restaurant. Information about restaurant density is important to know because it can affect the actions of someone who will visit the restaurant. This information is also useful to provide information in advance so that diners avoid full restaurants to avoid the spread of the Covid-19 virus, among other things. With limited operating hours as well as the number of restaurant visitors, information about the density of a restaurant becomes much needed. The lack of information on restaurant density is a major problem in the community. The needs of the community, made this study aims to predict the density of a restaurant an hour later. Based on survey data and existing literature data, with simulation methods and also system analysis built using feedforward neural network artificial intelligence architecture and then trained with Backpropagation algorithms produced accuracy of 97.8% with literature data
Some Reflections on the Institutions of Muslim Spain
Authors: Marín-Guzmán Roberto
Published: March 2021

This essay analyzes the major political, military, and administrative institutions of al-Andalus (Muslim Spain) and explains how they gave a sense of unity to the Abode of Islam (dar al-Islam) by replicating the same institutions used in the East (al- Mashriq). The military institutions (e.g., jund, thughur, and husun) helped to keep Muslim Spain safe from enemy attacks, both Christian and Muslim, and to suppress all revolts, while the political institutions enabled the authorities to keep al-Andalus unified, levy taxes, administer the cities (sahib al-madinah), supervise the markets (sahib al-suq), and, finally, to administer the region’s provinces (kuwar).
The Orientalization of Gender
Authors: Hasan Md. Mahmudul
Published: March 2021

Said’s critique of Orientalism provokes a comprehensive review by post-colonial theorists of the bulk of western knowledge regarding non-western countries. This Orientalist literature buttresses the colonial notion of a civilizing mission, which is also supported by many western feminists who provide theoretical grounds to such colonialist perceptions. Such post-colonial feminists as Gayatri Spivak, Chandra Mohanty, and Rajeswari Rajan analyze western feminism’s ideological complicity with Orientalist and imperialist ventures.
Toxicity, chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of plants used for the treatment of helminth infections in the Kara and Central region of Togo.
Authors: ATABA Essoham , KATAWA Gnatoulma , TOUDJI Gerard A. , RITTER Manuel , Holali AMEYAPOHH Adjoa , Edlom TCHADIÉ Pélagie , BATAWILA Komlan , TCHACONDO Tchadjabo , AMEYAPOH Yaovi , HOERAUF Achim , E. LAYLAND Laura , D. KAROU Simplice
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Traditional healers (THs) from the Central and Kara regions of Togo use Aframomum melegueta(Alligator pipper), Khaya senegalensis (Senegal mahogany) and Xylopia aethiopica (Kani pepper) for the treatment of helminths infections. We previously confirmed the anthelmintic effects of these plants. THs had little information about plants compounds, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate antiinflammatory, antioxidant activities and toxicity of Aframomum melegueta, Khaya senegalensis and Xylopia aethiopica used for the treatment of helminthiasis in the Central and Kara regions of Togo. Methodology and Results: Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the inhibition method of lipoxygenase type IB extracted from soybean. The concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids were measured respectively by the FolinCiocalteu reagent reduction method and the Aluminium chloride colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Acute and subchronic toxicity was performed on Wistar rats according to OECD recommendations. Khaya senegalensis and Xylopia aethiopica showed, a greater anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting lipoxygenase activity in vitro and antioxidant activity (Aframomum melegueta; ABTS 32.79±3.79 mgEAA/100mg and Xylopia aethiopica; DPPH IC50 of 2278.89±104.68 µg/mL). Khaya senegalensis contained a high concentration of flavonoids (1.39±0.07 mgEQ/100mg) and phenols (329.21±19.99 mgEGA /100mg). No toxic effects were observed for the chosen doses with these plants extract. Conclusions and application of findings: Extracts of Khaya senegalensis and Xylopia aethiopica had anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, extracts of Khaya senegalensis and Aframomum meleguetahad excellent antioxidant power and had the highest concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids. This finding could justify the traditional use of these plant Ataba et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Toxicity, chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of plants used for the treatment of helminth infections in the Kara and central region of Togo. 16115 organ extracts for the treatment of helminth infections and provide scientific evidence to traditional healers in the central region and Kara in Togo. However, further studies are necessary to determine the molecules responsible for the pharmacological properties of these plant organ extracts and their mechanisms of action. Key words: Aframomun melegueta, Khaya senegalensis, Xylopia aethiopica, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity.
Fragmented personalities: Images of Women in Dos Passos's The 42nd Parallel
Authors: Caporale Bizzini Silvia
Published: March 2021

Los personajes que representan figuras femeninas en la literatura son la representación discursiva de sujetos históricos reales. Nuestro análisis tomará en consideración dicha representación partiendo del presupuesto que estos modelos llevan el lector a aceptar una visión de la mujer que se basa en un discurso esen­ cialista, y en algunos casos misógino, de lo que se considera la 'verdadera' idea de mujer. En la novela de John Dos Passos los personajes masculinos representan la búsqueda, positiva, de la identidad, que se materializa en la lucha contra el sistema capi­talista americano de los anos 20 y 30. Por otro lado, los personajes femeninos de The 42nd Parallel no llevan a cabo una bús­queda interior real y la mayoría de ellos o representan la materialización discursiva de la mujer burguesa, o su búsqueda se limita al deseo de entrar en un mecanismo de vida hurgues.
UM CASO DE EJACULAÇÃO RETARDADA EM PACIENTE COM TAG E TOC
Authors: Barbieri Filho Arnaldo
Published: March 2021

A Ejaculação Retardada (ER) é um quadro pouco frequente para o qual não há consenso em relação ao tratamento medicamentoso. É fundamental que etiologias orgânicas sejam devidamente diagnosticadas e tratadas, como é o caso do hipotireoidismo, da deficiência androgênica e dos retardos devido à ação de medicamentos, dentre os quais, vários antidepressivos. Porém, muitos pacientes apresentam retardo ejaculatório e anorgasmia devido apenas a razões psicogênicas. Assim, o diagnóstico psiquiátrico é muito importante para a escolha da melhor abordagem medicamentosa para cada indivíduo. No caso clínico apresentado, o paciente tem sintomas de Transtorno da Ansiedade Generalizada (TAG) além do quadro sexual de ER, Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC) e antecedentes de Impulso Sexual Excessivo. Foram devidamente descartadas todas as possíveis causas orgânicas. Portanto, o tratamento medicamentoso exigia drogas que agissem na ansiedade generalizada e no TOC não piorando a ER e, se possível, melhorando-a. Como a ação da serotonina no receptor pós sináptico 5 HT2A tende a inibir o reflexo medular do orgasmo, foi escolhida a Mirtazapina (anti 5HT2A). Esta também ajudou a melhorar sua insônia pelo efeito anti-histamínico. A Buspirona foi acrescentada devido ao fato de ser um ansiolítico de efeito dopaminérgico, o qual pode melhorar tanto o desejo sexual eventualmente prejudicado pela Mirtazapina como a própria ER.