bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIŞ GELİŞMELER IŞIĞINDA CUMHURBAŞKANI İSMET İNÖNÜ'NÜN İKİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI DÖNEMİ İSTANBUL ZİYARETLER
Authors: GÖK Hacı Veli
Published: January 2024

Devlet başkanlarının yurt ziyaretlerine çıkması iki yönden önem arz etmektedir. Bu
ziyaretler bir yandan halkın sıkıntılarını birinci elden dinleme olanağı sağlarken öte yandan
ziyaret eden siyasetçi ya da devlet başkanının halk arasındaki itibarını yükselterek hâkimiyetini
kuvvetlendirmektedir. Bu açıdan bakıldığında Atatürk döneminde ihmal edilmeyen yurt
ziyaretlerinin İnönü döneminde de önemle üzerinde durulduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmanın
konusunu teşkil eden Dış Gelişmeler Işığında Cumhurbaşkanı İsmet İnönü’nün İkinci Dünya
Savaşı Dönemi İstanbul Ziyaretleri, mevcut ziyaretler içerisinde önemli bir yer işgal etmektedir.
Zira İstanbul, Türkiye’nin en büyük kenti olması ve bu büyüklüğün sadece nüfus ile sınırlı
kalmaması bu kenti cazibe merkezi haline getirmiştir. Adeta ülkenin lokomotifi konumunda olan
İstanbul, Cumhurbaşkanı İnönü’nün ihmal etmediği kentlerin başında yer almıştır. İkinci Dünya
Savaşı dönemi içerisinde değerlendirilen İstanbul ziyaretleri şüphesiz ki savaşın Türkiye
üzerindeki tesirlerinden ayrı düşünülemez. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, İnönü’nün İstanbul
ziyaretlerinin nedenleri, savaş dönemi dış politikasıyla ilgisi ve bu ziyaretlerle elde edilen
kazanımlar ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Dönem koşulları göz önüne alındığında eski
başkentin halen ülkenin en gözde şehri olduğu gerçeği unutulmamalıdır. İstanbul’da söz konusu
olan sorun ve eksikliklerin Türkiye’ye olası tesiri İnönü tarafından iyi bilinmektedir. Bu bilinç
İstanbul ziyaretlerinde önemli bir unsur olmuştur. Ayrıca İnönü İstanbul’u sadece politik
sebeplerle değil istirahat amaçlı da ziyaret etmiştir. Yalova bu amaçla tercih ettiği yer olarak
karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Tüm bunlar, çalışmanın İstanbul özelinde ele alınmasını sağlamıştır. Bu
çalışmada Türkiye’nin halen en önemli şehri konumunda olan İstanbul’a Cumhurbaşkanı
İnönü’nün İkinci Dünya Savaşı sürecinde gerçekleştirdiği ziyaretler incelenmiştir. Bu ziyaretler
İkinci Dünya Savaşı dış gelişmeleri bağlamında incelenerek ziyaretlerdeki amaç, süreç ve
sonuçlarının kapsamlı ve sağlıklı bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir.
ULUSLARARASI SİSTEMDE “ÖTEKİ”NİN KİMLİK ANALİZİNE DAİR: BİZ’E KARŞI “ONLAR”
Authors: ÖZEL ÖZCAN Merve Suna
Published: January 2024

Kimliklerimiz, kim olduğumuzun bir yansımasıdır. Bu açıdan kimlik tanımlaması, tarih
boyunca bireyin kendi varlığını konumlandırma adına yaptığı bir eylemdir. Bireyin “biz” olgusunu
tanımlamasındaki süreçler, onun düşman algısını şekillendirmektedir. Bireyin bebeklik itibari ile
ortak kimlik havuzu içinden kendine ait duygular ve kodları olması ile aynı zamanda ötekiler de
tanımlanmaya başlamaktadır. Bu durum benzer şekilde devletler ve uluslararası sistemdeki
kimlik tanımları için de geçerlidir. Kimliği anlamda inşacı yaklaşımlar önemlidir. Soğuk Savaş’ın
sona erişi ile özellikle 1990 sonrası dönemde uluslararası ilişkiler teorilerinde konstrüktivizmin
yeri ve etkisi, uluslararası sistemin sosyal bir alan olarak değerlendirilmesini başlatmıştır. Bu da
devletin belli değerler ekseninde okunduğu canlı bir aktör algısı yaratmıştır. Bu çalışma
kapsamında bireyden başlamak üzere uluslararası sistemde öteki tanımlarına evrilen bir okuma
hedeflenmektedir. Bu açıdan çalışmada kimliğin kazanımı ve tanımı ile “biz” karşısında
“öteki”nin yaratımının sadece birey ile sınırlı olmadığı; aksine tarih boyunca devlet ve sistem
içinde yeniden üretildiği de görülecektir. Bu bağlamda çalışma kimliğin analizini bireyden
sisteme uzanan süreci ile ele almayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışmanın odak noktası olarak bireyden
başlamak süreç içinde devlet ile kazanılan kimlik ve tarih boyunca var olan öteki açıklamaları ve
yaklaşımlarını okumada anlam kazanacaktır. Bu varsayımdan hareket ile çalışmada var olan
kimliğin oluşumunun ve bunun uluslararası alanda tarihsel süreçte değişen/değişmeyen
ilerleyişinin de ortaya konması hedeflenmektedir.
ADLİ GÖRÜŞME ODALARININ İŞLEVSELLİĞİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA: BURSA ADLİYESİ
Authors: YAMAN Fatih , VATANSEVER Şevval
Published: January 2024

Suçtan etkilenerek zarar gören ve çeşitli hak kayıpları yaşayan mağdurlara adli süreçte
gereken hassasiyetin gösteril(e)memesi ikincil mağduriyetlerin yaşanmasına sebep olmaktadır.
Ülkemizde 2017’den bu yana adalet sisteminin önemli bir kurumsal bileşeni olarak varlık
kazanan adli görüşme odaları (AGO) uygulaması, mağdurların öznel koşullarının gözetilerek
adli süreç boyunca korunmalarını sağlamayı ve muhtemel ikincil mağduriyetlerin önlenmesini
hedeflemektedir. Bu çerçevede AGO uygulaması, başta çocuk ve kadınlar olmak üzere kırılgan
gruplar içinde yer alan mağdurlara yönelik önemli bir kamusal hizmet sunmaktadır. Ancak
uygulama alanlarında, gerek yapısal gerekse uygulayıcı aktörlerden kaynaklanan çeşitli
sorunların yaşandığı bilinmektedir. Bu araştırma, adli görüşmecilerin deneyimlerinden hareketle
adli görüşme odalarının işlevselliğini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede, ülkemizde
son beş yıldır yaygınlaşan ve günümüzde yetmiş ilde faaliyet gösteren adli görüşme odalarının
işlevselliği; Bursa Adliyesi örneklemiyle ele alınmıştır. Araştırma adli görüşme odalarında
mağdurlarla görüşen 23-45 yaş arasındaki beş adli görüşmeciyle yürütülmüştür. Yarıyapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde betimsel analiz
kullanılarak dört ana temaya ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, AGO uygulamasının
mağdurların örselenmelerini ve ikincil mağduriyet yaşamalarını önleyen önemli bir tampon
mekanizma işlevi gördüğü anlaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, adli süreçte mağdurun belirlenmesi
aşamasından başlamak üzere adli görüşme odaları ile ilgili fiziki ve teknik altyapı
yetersizliğinden kaynaklanan aksamalar, adli personelin iş yükü fazlalığı sebebiyle oluşan
zaman baskısı ve yargı görevlilerinin gerek mağduriyete gerekse adli görüşmecilere yönelik
tutumlarının AGO uygulamasında önemli sorun alanlarını oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir.
GENÇLİK ÇALIŞMALARINDA DÖNEMLER VE TARTIŞMALAR
Authors: BEŞİRLİ Hayati , YALÇINKAYA Merve
Published: January 2024

Sosyal bilimler içerisinde gençlik, çeşitli paradigma, yaklaşım ve değer sisteminin
kesiştiği bir alan olmuştur. Gençlik çalışmaları, toplumsal bağlama, zamana ve mekana göre
toplumun bütünüyle ilişkisi çerçevesinde gelişen karmaşık ve çok katmanlı bir mirasa sahiptir.
Bu makalede gençlik çalışmaları alanındaki tartışma alanları ve ana kavramlar incelenerek konu
hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Öncelikle temel paradigmalar, farklı
teorik ve metodolojik ayrımların anlaşılabilmesi için iki eksen esas alınmıştır. Bu eksenlerden
ilki, nesnellik (realizm)- öznellik (nominalizm) ayrımıdır. Bireylerin sosyal dünyayı dışsal reel bir
geçeklik olduğu anlayışı ile isimlendirme, kategorilendirme gibi süreçlerle inşa ettiği varsayımı
arasındaki teorik ayrımı belirlemektedir. İkinci eksen ise düzen (regülasyon) ve çatışma
boyutlarını içermektedir. Gençlerin toplumsal düzenin neresinde konumlandıklarına dair teorik
varsayımları ve buna dair çözüm önerilerinin farklılaşmasında rol oynamaktadır. Düzen
(regülasyon) teorilerinde, toplumla uyum ve dayanışmanın sağlanması esastır. Toplumsal
alanın biçimlenmesinde çatışma unsurunu ön plana çıkaran teorilerde ise gençlik ve gençliğe
dair problemler halihazırda var olan toplumsal, kurumsal ve düşünce sistemlerinin bir sonucu
olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve sorunların çözülebilmesi için radikal toplumsal dönüşümler
gerekmektedir. İkinci olarak, gençlik alanını biçimlendiren alt tartışmalar (doğa /biyoloji-kültür/
yetiştirme, kuşak-sosyal sınıf, yapı-birey, yapı-süreç ve katkı sağlayıcılar-bağımlılılar) gözden
geçirilerek gençlik çalışmalarının genel bir çerçevesinin çizilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Son olarak, 19.
Yüzyıldan yakın döneme kadar bu alt tartışmalar, gençliğin toplumsal alanda geçirdiği
değişimlerle birlikte ele alınmıştır.
TÜRK-RUS İLİŞKİLERİ BAĞLAMINDA RUSYA’DA TÜRKOLOJİ’NİN TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİ
Authors: AKTAŞ Renata
Published: January 2024

Eski çağlardan günümüze kadar çok sayıda Türk halkı, çağdaş Rusya topraklarında
yaşadı ve yaşamaya da devam etmektedir. Türk dilleri, Rusya'daki en kalabalık dil grubunu
temsil etmektedir. Rusya’da Türk dilleri üzerine yapılan ilk bilimsel çalışmalar, XVIII. yüzyılda
ortaya çıkmaya başlasa da Türkler ve Ruslar arasındaki ilişkinin tarihi, çok eskilere
dayanmaktadır. Başlangıçta Türk-Slav daha sonra da Türk-Rus kültürel bağları, IX. yüzyıla
kadar dayandırılmaktadır. Sovyet Türkolog N. Baskakov, Türk-Rus ilişkilerini beş tarihî döneme
ayırmaktadır. İlk dönem, Kiev Rus zamanını kapsamaktadır. Slavlar ile Kıpçaklar, Avarlar,
Hazarlar ve diğer Türk halkları arasındaki sosyal, siyasî ve kültürel ilişkilerin gelişimi bu
dönemde meydana gelmiştir. İkinci dönem, Altın Orda dönemidir. Bu dönemde çok sayıda
Türkçe kelimenin Rus diline girmesi ile ticari ilişkiler başladı. Bu dönemde giren Türkçe
kelimelerin çoğu, iki halk arasındaki yakın ilişkilere işaret eden gündelik yaşamla ilişkilendirilir.
Üçüncü dönem ise Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun varlığı boyunca Rus beylikleri ve ardından Rus
İmparatorluğu ile olan ilişkilerin diplomatik bir karakter kazandığı dönemdir. Dördüncü dönemde
XX. yüzyılda Türk-Rus dil ilişkileri, bu konudaki araştırmaların artmasıyla dört temel alanda
incelenmeye başlanmıştır: 1) Eski Rus dilinde Türkçe kökenli kelimeler; 2) Çağdaş Rus edebi
dilinde Türkçe kökenli kelimeler; 3) Rus lehçelerinde Türkçe kökenli kelimeler; 4) Diğer Slav
dillerinde Türkçe kökenli kelimeler. Beşinci dönemde Rusya'da bugün Çağdaş Türkoloji hâlâ bu
doğrultuda araştırmalarını sürdürmektedir. Ülkede akademik Türkçe eğitimi veren kurs, merkez
ve araştırma enstitülerinin sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Türk dillerinin ve lehçelerinin fonetik
sistemlerinin karşılaştırılması, sözlüklerin derlenmesi, Türk dillerinin tarihi gramerinin
karşılaştırılması, Türk dillerinin morfolojisi vb. konular çağdaş Türk araştırmacılarının ana
çalışma alanlarını oluşturmaktadır.
Bu makalede ilk olarak Türk-Rus ilişkilerinin tarih boyunca oluşumu ve gelişimi
incelenmiş, sonrasında Rusya'daki Türkoloji çalışmalarının bu oluşumu nasıl etkilediği tespit
edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca iki ülkedeki kültürel ve bilimsel ilişkilerin hangi dönemlerde
birbirlerini nasıl etkilediklerine de yer verilmiştir. Son olarak da Rusya'da ilk Türkoloji
kurumlarının ortaya çıkışı; Sankt-Petersburg, Moskova ve Kazan üniversitelerindeki Türk dili
kürsülerinin kuruluş tarihleri ve ilk temel alanlarının sınıflandırılışı; Türkolojinin gelişimine katkıda
bulunan Rus Türkologlarının isimleri ve bugünkü Rusya'da Türkolojinin gelişimi hakkında bilgi
verilmektedir.
TÜRKİYE’DE ZEYTİN ÜRETİMİNDE MÜBADİLLERİN YERİ
Authors: EMGİLİ Fahriye
Published: January 2024

Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyete miras göç meselesi olmuştur. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde
Türkiye’ye doğru yapılan en önemli göçlerden biri 1923 Türk-Yunan Nüfus Mübadelesidir.
Yoğun göç hareketleri sonunda, Türkiye’yi terk eden Rumların iktisadî ve hizmet sektöründe
yarattığı boşluğu gelen mübadillerin doldurması hedefleniyordu. Bu açıdan konuya
yaklaşıldığında, mübadillerin Türkiye’ye iskân edilirken üretime katkıları olacak şekilde
yerleştirilmeleri onların o bölgelerde tarımsal uğraşılarını ya da mesleklerini icra edebilmeleri
açısından önemliydi. Dolayısıyla mübadillerin, üretici hale getirilmelerinin Türkiye iktisadının
canlanmasında önemli bir rol oynayacağı düşünülmüştür.
Mübadelenin siyasî, sosyal etkilerinin yanı sıra Türkiye’ye iktisadî etkileri ayrı bir
araştırma konusudur. Bu iktisadi etkiler içerisinde Yunanistan’dan gelecek zeytincilik işi ile
meşgul mübadillerin üretici duruma getirilerek Türkiye ekonomisine kazandırılması; Türkiye’nin
Batı Anadolu ve Marmara Bölgesi ve Akdeniz sahil şehirlerindeki zeytinlikleri yeniden üretime
kazandırılması son derece önemliydi. Bir diğer husus da Türkiye Rumların göçü ile beraberinde
adı geçen bölgelerde boş zeytinliklerin boş ve harap olması ile karşı karşıya kalmıştı ve ivedi
olarak Türkiye ekonomisi için önemli bir kazanç olan bu ürünün ticaretinin yeniden
canlandırılması gerekmekteydi.
Bu araştırma makalesinde, Yunanistan’dan gelen zeytinci mübadillerin yerleştirilmeleri,
yaşadıkları sıkıntılar ve sonraki süreçte bu mübadillerin ve mübadelenin Türk zeytincilik
sektörüne iktisadî etkileri açıklanmaya çalışılacaktır. Araştırma, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Cumhuriyet
Arşivi kaynakları, mevcut literatür ve mübadil anlatıları ile incelenecektir.
Zones of Dispossession: Explaining Black Politics During Oakland’s Gentrification
Authors: Uthayakumar Saranyan
Published: January 2024

The theories of spatiotemporal dispossession have proposed a mechanism for how capital can flow out of areas that become ‘dispossessed’ and concentrate capital in areas of accumulation that are defined as gentrified or beautified (Harvey 2005, 2010, 2018). Yet, in this explanation of gentrification, studies have not bridged the gap between gentrification and implications for racialized politics in the United States. In this paper, I ask: how does a racialized group become embedded in ‘devaluation’? I conduct a political development analysis of Black politics situated in Oakland’s gentrification and historically trace a process of gentrification. Lastly, I find that the process of gentrification in Oakland has not only displaced communities that have historically been Black, but has devalued Black life itself for decades. I find that the main processes that factored into Oakland’s dispossession are white anxieties over Black politics and reactionary attitudes to perceived racialized urban blight.
Análisis del foreland y de la conectividad portuaria de Cartagena de Indias. Bases para los desarrollos derivados de la ampliación del Canal de Panamá
Authors: González Laxe Fernando , Pais Montes Carlos , Freire Seoane María Jesús
Published: January 2024

Los últimos años han sido de grandes y rápidos crecimientos en las operativas de las industrias portuarias y del transporte marítimo, y la globalización de los intercambios y relaciones económicas ha traído consigo un intenso proceso de contenerización. Estas transformaciones significaron una buena prueba para medir la constitución y asentamiento de las redes comerciales de los puertos en el ámbito global.En el trabajo se subraya la relevancia del puerto de Cartagena de Indias en sus relaciones marítimas y se evalúan las intensidades y jerarquías de sus conexiones mundiales, bajo la perspectiva de la ampliación del Canal de Panamá y las nuevas opciones que se abren hacia los tráficos marítimos con puertos europeos, y la recomposición operada en los tráficos transpacíficos.En consecuencia, se diseñan los ratios que permiten medir los nuevos posicionamientos del puerto y se evalúan los impactos en el foreland, determinando el nuevo patrón respecto a la futura logística a implantar.
UN ANÁLISIS REGIONAL DE LAS POLÍTICAS ACTIVAS DE EMPLEO EN LOS DISTINTOS PAÍSES DE LA ZONA EURO. SU EVOLUCIÓN ANTE LA CRISIS ECONÓMICA
Authors: Pérez González María del Carmen , Suárez Llorens Alfonso , Blanco Canto Miguel
Published: January 2024

La situación de crisis económica por la que se está atravesando y su incidencia sobre el mercado de trabajo, con un aumento significativo en las tasas de desempleo de algunos países miembros de la UE, refuerzan el papel de las políticas de empleo (PE) como elemento de cohesión social. Es un momento importante para intensificar las relaciones entre actuaciones públicas y privadas sobre territorios específicos y donde los factores de dinamización territorial juegan un rol clave.Entre estas políticas se estudiarán, en este trabajo, las políticas activas de empleo (PAE) creadas para responder a los desequilibrios del mercado de trabajo y que plantean entre sus objetivos, el aumento del empleo juvenil, la mejora de la empleabilidad, el desarrollo de medidas para colectivos específicos con especial atención a las personas con discapacidad y el fomento de los emprendedores.La posibilidad de que estas actuaciones incidan sobre el fomento del empleo y que tengan un mejor impacto sobre él, depende directamente de las potencialidades culturales, formativas, productivas, emprendedoras, financieras, institucionales o sociales, que presenta el territorio.En este artículo se analizan distintos indicadores macroeconómicos para explicar los efectos de la distribución de las políticas activas de empleo en los países de la Unión Europea y su incidencia sobre la evolución del desempleo, en épocas de crisis, teniendo en cuenta la visión territorial del desarrollo.
La inversión directa estadounidense en el sur de Europa. El papel de las variables institucionales (1966-2014)
Authors: Tascón Fernández Julio , López Zapico Misael Arturo
Published: January 2024

En este artículo se analiza el comportamiento de la inversión directa estadounidense en el Sur de Europa (1966-2014), atendiendo a variables institucionales que sirven para explicar el mismo. Para ello se utiliza un modelo que pone en relación la rentabilidad anual de las inversiones, medida ésta a partir del Return On Assets (ROA) gap, con la economía y el régimen político de los PIGS, además de contar con la incidencia de los cambios metodológicos en la estructura del mismo. Los resultados confirman cómo la influencia del régimen político parece menor que, por ejemplo, la expectativa de entrada a instituciones supranacionales como las Comunidades Europeas. La inexistencia de patrones comunes al estimar el modelo para países de Europa del Sur –durante dictaduras, transiciones y democracias- prueba la complejidad que esconden las motivaciones de la inversión directa extranjera (IDE), mientras el caso de España resulta significativo por su originalidad.
ENVIRONMENTAL FISCAL EFFORT: SPATIAL CONVERGENCE WITHIN ECONOMIC POLICY ON TAXATION
Authors: Villar Rubio Elena , Quesada Rubio Jose Manuel , Molina Moreno Valentín
Published: January 2024

Environmental fiscal effort, when compared with environmental fiscal pressure, represents a far more precise parameter when measuring a country’s environmental sacrifice given that it introduces GDP per capita as an analysis variable. This paper focuses on the analysis of convergence in environmental fiscal effort amongst the EU-15 Member States between 1987 and 2008, employing, to this end, the techniques of sigma, beta and gamma convergence. On a complementary level, a spatial autocorrelation study is carried out in order determine whether or not the geographical proximity of countries has any bearing on similar fiscal effort.
ANÁLISIS DEL NIVEL DE RIQUEZA Y DESARROLLO SOCIAL EN LAS REGIONES EUROPEAS
Authors: Prada Blanco Albino , Sanchez Fernandez Patricio
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se analizan las regiones europeas en función de su clasificación en términos de riqueza material y la derivada de diversos índices sintéticos de desarrollo utilizando los atributos y variables que lo caracterizan. Con esta finalidad recurrimos en primer lugar a dos indicadores diferentes: uno que sigue la metodología PNUD y otro que aplica el análisis multivariante factorial. Los resultados obtenidos permiten identificar qué regiones transforman mejor el crecimiento en desarrollo social, y qué dimensiones o variables del desarrollo son las responsables de los cambios de posición en los diversos rankings.
Financialisation as the core problem for a “Social Europe”
Authors: Nolke Andreas
Published: January 2024

For more than three decades, increasing financialisation has been a core feature of the European economy. This process does not only lead to economic instability, but also to social inequality. A driving force of financialisation in Europe are the internal market institutions of the European Union, aggravated through the introduction of the Euro and the programmes for rescuing the common currency.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Tentang Covid-19 Dengan Perilaku Penerimaan Vaksin Pada Lansia Di Puskesmas Patuk 1 Wonosari Yogyakarta
Authors: Primasari Nessy Anggun , Nurwidiyanti Erika , Krisbianto Alexius
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Coronavirus telah menjadi permasalahan serius bagi kesehatan masyarakat global. Penyakit ini menyebabkan manusia mulai merasakan dari flu hingga infeksi saluran pernapasan. Penyakit Coronavirus sejauh ini virus lebih sering menyerang lansia bahkan sampai menyebabkan infeksi berat dan kematian pada lansia. Lansia merupakan tahap akhir kehidupan yang telah mengalami berbagai proses perubahan secara holistik, baik perubahan pada aspek biologis, psikologis, sosial, dan spiritual. Seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, lansia semakin rentan mengalami masalah kesehatan, Pemerintah telah memulai pemberian vaksinasi COVID-19 dengan sasaran prioritas kalangan masyarakat lanjut lansia yang berusia di atas 60 tahun ke atas.
Tujuan: mengidentifikasi hubungan pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan perilaku penerimaan vaksin pada lansia di Puskesmas Patuk 1 Wonosari Yogyakarta.
Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel sebanyak 133 responden dipilih menggunakan teknik Random sampling. Data pengetahuan COVID-19 dan perilaku penerimaan vaksin responden dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan uji spearman.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pengetahuan Tentang COVID-19 (71,4%) dalam kategori Baik, (24,1%) dalam kategori cukup, (4,5%) dalam kategori kurang. Perilaku Penerimaan Vaksin dengan kategori mau menerima vaksin sebanyak 119 responden (89.5%), kategori tidak mau menerima vaksin sebanyak 19 responden (10,5%). Uji sperman terhadap pengetahuan COVID-19 dan perilaku penerimaan vaksin menujukan nilai p value = 0,002 (p<0,05).
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan tentang COVID-19 dengan perilaku penerimaan vaksin pada lansia di Puskesmas Patuk 1 Wonosari Yogyakarta.
Discipline and Performance of Health Employees at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung in 2023
Authors: Rachman Aulia , Crismilasari Lucia Andi , Unja Ermeisi Er
Published: January 2024

Background:
Increasing demands for the quality of community services require officers to further improve their performance and professionalism, so that the quality of service is expected to meet community satisfaction. To achieve good performance requires discipline in work which affects services to the community who seek treatment at the community health center
Objective: Determine the description of discipline and performance of health employees at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung
Method: The research design used in this study is quantitative descriptive design with observational and survey approach methods. The number of samples used was 30 UPT Muara Laung health centre employees. The research was conducted at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung. This research has been deemed ethically feasible by the STIKES Suaka Insan Research Ethics Commission with number 031/KEPK-SI/IV/2023.
Result: The results showed that the attitude of arriving on time was 20 respondents (66.67%), while those who arrived more than 5 minutes late were 10 respondents (33.33%), and the performance of health employees at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung in 2023 was good from 30 respondents (100%). So it can be concluded that the description of the implementation of discipline of health centre employees at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung with the category on time (66.67%), the attitude of responsibility in completing tasks with the category completing on time (100%), the attitude of obedience to office rules using uniforms according to regulations (100%) and making permission letters when absent from work (100%), the description of the performance of health centre employees at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung with a good category (100%).
Conclusion: The implementation of discipline carried out at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung for employees in the on-time category (66.67%), an attitude of responsibility in completing tasks in the category of completing on time (100%), an attitude of obedience to office rules using uniforms in accordance with regulations (100%) and making permission letters when absent from work (100%), b. Performance of health employees at UPT Puskesmas Muara Laung in the good category (100%).
Additively manufactured porous scaffolds by design for treatment of bone defects
Authors: Toosi Shirin , Javid-Naderi Mohammad Javad , Tamayol Ali , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Hossein , Yaghoubian Sima , Mousavi Shaegh Seyed Ali
Published: January 2024

There has been increasing attention to produce porous scaffolds that mimic human bone properties for enhancement of tissue ingrowth, regeneration, and integration. Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, i.e., three dimensional (3D) printing, have played a substantial role in engineering porous scaffolds for clinical applications owing to their high level of design and fabrication flexibility. To this end, this review article attempts to provide a detailed overview on the main design considerations of porous scaffolds such as permeability, adhesion, vascularisation, and interfacial features and their interplay to affect bone regeneration and osseointegration. Physiology of bone regeneration was initially explained that was followed by analysing the impacts of porosity, pore size, permeability and surface chemistry of porous scaffolds on bone regeneration in defects. Importantly, major 3D printing methods employed for fabrication of porous bone substitutes were also discussed. Advancements of MA technologies have allowed for the production of bone scaffolds with complex geometries in polymers, composites and metals with well-tailored architectural, mechanical, and mass transport features. In this way, a particular attention was devoted to reviewing 3D printed scaffolds with triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) geometries that mimic the hierarchical structure of human bones. In overall, this review enlighten a design pathway to produce patient-specific 3D-printed bone substitutions with high regeneration and osseointegration capacity for repairing large bone defects.
Research progress of vascularization strategies of tissue-engineered bone
Authors: Lv Nanning , Zhou Zhangzhe , Hou Mingzhuang , Hong Lihui , Li Hongye , Qian Zhonglai , Gao Xuzhu , Liu Mingming
Published: January 2024

The bone defect caused by fracture, bone tumor, infection, and other causes is not only a problematic point in clinical treatment but also one of the hot issues in current research. The development of bone tissue engineering provides a new way to repair bone defects. Many animal experimental and rising clinical application studies have shown their excellent application prospects. The construction of rapid vascularization of tissue-engineered bone is the main bottleneck and critical factor in repairing bone defects. The rapid establishment of vascular networks early after biomaterial implantation can provide sufficient nutrients and transport metabolites. If the slow formation of the local vascular network results in a lack of blood supply, the osteogenesis process will be delayed or even unable to form new bone. The researchers modified the scaffold material by changing the physical and chemical properties of the scaffold material, loading the growth factor sustained release system, and combining it with trace elements so that it can promote early angiogenesis in the process of induced bone regeneration, which is beneficial to the whole process of bone regeneration. This article reviews the local vascular microenvironment in the process of bone defect repair and the current methods of improving scaffold materials and promoting vascularization.
Quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker method combined with UPLC-PAD fingerprint analysis based on saikosaponin for discrimination of Bupleuri Radix according to geographical origin
Authors: Li Yuting , Wu Xiaoli , Ma Yuzhi , Xu Lijia , Yang Chengmin , Peng Dongqin , Guo Xinwei , Wei Jianhe
Published: January 2024

Background: Saikosaponins are regarded as one of the most likely antipyretic constituents of Bupleuri Radix, establishing a comprehensive method that can reflect both the proportion of all constituents and the content of each saikosaponin is critical for its quality evaluation.

Methods: In this study, the combination method of quantitative analysis of multiple components with a single marker (QAMS) and fingerprint was firstly established for simultaneous determination of 7 kinds of saikosaponins in Bupleuri Radix by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).

Results: The results showed that saikosaponin d was identified as the optimum IR by evaluating the fluctuations and stability of the relative calibration factors (RCFs) under four different conditions. The new QAMS method has been confirmed to accurately quantify the 7 kinds of saikosaponins by comparing the obtained results with those obtained from external standard method and successfully classify the 20 batches of Bupleuri Radix from 8 provinces of China. The experimental time of fingerprint was significantly reduced to approximate 0.5 h through UPLC-PAD method, a total of 17 common peaks were identified.

Conclusion: The QAMS-fingerprint method is feasible and reliable for the quality evaluation of Bupleuri Radix. This method could be considered to be spread in the production enterprises of Bupleuri Radix.
Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of Mentha subtomentella: in sight in vitro and in silico analysis
Authors: Brahmi Fatima , Bentouhami Nour Eddine , Rbah Youssef , Elbouzidi Amine , Mokhtari Ouafae , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Ibenmoussa Samir , Bourhia Mohammed , Addi Mohamed , Asehraou Abdeslam , Legssyer Bouchra
Published: January 2024

Our research focused on assessing essential oils (MSEO) and aqueous extracts (MSAE) derived from M. subtomentella leaves, with a primary focus on evaluating their properties. From 1 kg of leaves, we successfully obtained 18 mL of essential oil. Upon conducting GC/MS analysis, we identified eleven compounds within the oil, collectively accounting for 100% of the constituents identified. Notably, the predominant compounds in the leaf oil were p-Menth-48) -en-3-one (50.48%), 9-Ethylbicyclo (3.3.1) nonan-9-ol (10.04%) (E)-3,3-Dimethyl-delta-1, alpha-cyclohexaneacetaldehyde (8.53%), and D-Limonene (7.22%). Furthermore, utilizing HPLC/DAD, we explored the phenolic profile of MSAE, extracted through decoction. This analysis revealed the presence of fifty-eight compounds, with five major components collectively constituting 61% of the total compounds identified, rosmarinic acid as the major one. We evaluated the antimicrobial effectiveness of the MSEO against ten different strains, observing its notable efficacy against A. Niger (MIC = 0.09%), P. digitatum (MIC = 0.5%), and G. candidum (MIC = 1%). However, the essential oil demonstrated comparatively lower efficacy against bacteria than fungi. In contrast, the MSAE did not exhibit any antimicrobial activity against the tested strains. Regarding antioxidant activity, the aqueous extract displayed a significantly higher antioxidant capacity than the essential oil, which exhibited relatively lower antioxidant activity. The IC50 values were determined to be 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/mL, 0.17 ± 0.01 mg/mL, and 13% ± 0.01% (V/V), for ascorbic acid MSAE and MSEO, respectively. We used a computational method called molecular docking to investigate how certain plant compounds affect antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. This involved analyzing the interactions between these compounds and specific protein targets known for their roles in these activities.
Improved stacking ensemble learning based on feature selection to accurately predict warfarin dose
Authors: Wang Mingyuan , Qian Yiyi , Yang Yaodong , Chen Haobin , Rao Wei-Feng
Published: January 2024

Background

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, prediction of warfarin dose via machine learning has received more and more attention. Since the dose prediction involve both linear and nonlinear problems, traditional machine learning algorithms are ineffective to solve such problems at one time.

Objective

Based on the characteristics of clinical data of Chinese warfarin patients, an improved stacking ensemble learning can achieve higher prediction accuracy.

Methods

Information of 641 patients from southern China who had reached a steady state on warfarin was collected, including demographic information, medical history, genotype, and co-medication status. The dataset was randomly divided into a training set (90%) and a test set (10%). The predictive capability is evaluated on a new test set generated by stacking ensemble learning. Additional factors associated with warfarin dose were discovered by feature selection methods.

Results

A newly proposed heuristic-stacking ensemble learning performs better than traditional-stacking ensemble learning in key metrics such as accuracy of ideal dose (73.44%, 71.88%), mean absolute errors (0.11 mg/day, 0.13 mg/day), root mean square errors (0.18 mg/day, 0.20 mg/day) and R2 (0.87, 0.82).

Conclusions

The developed heuristic-stacking ensemble learning can satisfactorily predict warfarin dose with high accuracy. A relationship between hypertension, a history of severe preoperative embolism, and warfarin dose is found, which provides a useful reference for the warfarin dose administration in the future.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Liu Chunyan , Wu Tianqiang , Ren Na
Published: January 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus and is caused by neuron injury induced by hyperglycemic circumstances. The incidence of DPN varies among different countries and regions, ranging from nearly 20% to over 70%. Patients with DPN may encounter symmetric pain or discomfort of the extremes, leading to reduced quality of life and even amputation. The pharmacological management for painful DPN mainly includes antidepressants due to their analgesic effects. Nevertheless, effective therapies to impact the pathogenesis and progression of DPN are lacking. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists show efficacy in controlling blood glucose and serve as a treatment modality for diabetes mellitus. In recent years, evidence has been proposed that GLP-1R agonists exert neuroprotective effects through modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. On the other hand, clinical evidence on the potential of GLP-1R agonists for treating DPN is still controversial and limited. This narrative review summarizes the preclinical and clinical studies investigating the capacity of GLP-1R agonists as therapeutic agents for DPN.
Causal linkage between type 2 diabetes mellitus and inflammatory bowel disease: an integrated Mendelian randomization study and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xiao Xiang , Wu Xuanyu , Yi Lu , You Fengming , Li Xueke , Xiao Chong
Published: January 2024

Background

Observational studies have indicated associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and both colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the underlying causality and biological mechanisms between these associations remains unclear.

Methods

We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis employing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies involving European individuals. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was the primary method used to assess causality. Additionally, we applied MR Egger, Weighted median, Simple mode, and Weighted mode to evaluate the robustness of the results. Outliers were identified and eliminated using the MR-PRESSO, while the MR-Egger intercept was used to assess the horizontal pleiotropic effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochrane Q test, and sensitivity analysis was performed using leave-one-out method. The F statistic was calculated to evaluate weak instrumental variable bias. Finally, a pilot bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the underlying biological mechanisms between T2DM and IBD/UC.

Results

The IVW results demonstrated that T2DM significantly reduced risks of IBD (OR=0.885, 95% CI: 0.818–0.958, P=0.002) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (OR=0.887, 95% CI: 0.812–0.968, P=0.007). Although the 95% CIs of MR Egger, Weighted median, Simple mode, and Weighted mode were broad, the majority of their estimates were consistent with the direction of IVW. Despite significant heterogeneity among SNPs, no horizontal pleiotropy was observed. The leave-one-out analysis showed that the causality remained consistent after each SNP was removed, underscoring the reliability of the results. Reverse MR analysis indicated that genetic susceptibility to both CRC and IBD had no significant effect on the relative risk of T2DM. Ten hub genes were identified, which mainly enriched in pathways including maturity onset diabetes of the young, thyroid cancer, gastric acid secretion, longevity regulating pathway, melanogenesis, and pancreatic secretion.

Conclusion

The presence of T2DM does not increase the risk of CRC or IBD. Moreover, T2DM might reduce risk of IBD, including UC. Conversely, the occurrence of CRC or IBD does not influence the risk of T2DM. The association between T2DM and IBD/UC may be related to the changes in multiple metabolic pathways and CTLA-4-mediated immune response.
Prevalence of prediabetes by the fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c screening criteria among the children and adolescents of Shenzhen, China
Authors: Yang Chen , Li Shaohua , Wu Liangyan , Ding Zan , Zhou Hua , Pan Ying , Yang Chufu , Lin Jinjun , Li Qiang , You Yingbin , Zhong Xu , Chen Yuyuan , Zhao Yu
Published: January 2024

Background

Prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Rare research in China has evaluated the prevalence of prediabetes among children and adolescents using the HbA1c criterion or the combined FPG-or-HbA1c diagnostic criterion, and researchers paid no attention to the distributions of blood glucose in Shenzhen, especially for juveniles.

Methods

We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study based on the first-year students from 17 primary, middle, and high schools. Prediabetes was defined as FPG of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L or HbA1c of 5.7%–6.4%. The crude and standardized prevalence of prediabetes with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was estimated.

Results

A total of 7519 participants, aged 6 to 17 years, were included. For all subjects, the crude prevalence (95% CI) of prediabetes was 1.49% (1.21–1.77), 8.72% (8.08–9.36), and 9.80% (9.13–10.47) by the FPG-only, HbA1c-only, and FPG-or-HbA1c criteria, respectively. Based on the 2010 Shenzhen census population, the standardized prevalence was 1.56% (males 1.85%, females 1.19%), 11.05% (males 11.47%, females 10.53%), and 12.19% (males 13.01%, females 11.15%) by the corresponding criteria. The proportion of prediabetes was higher for males than females, and the prevalence decreased with grade for males but increased for females. The association of BMI and prediabetes was U-shaped curve, indicating higher rates of prediabetes for underweight and obesity people.

Conclusion

The blood glucose status of children and adolescents in Shenzhen is worrisome, and the early detection and management of prediabetes are imperative.
The succession of rhizosphere microbial community in the continuous cropping soil of tobacco
Authors: Li Guitong , Gong Pengfei , Zhou Jie , Wang Lin , Song Xin , Ding Penghui , Jin Yunfeng , Zhang Yuzhen , Zhou Xiaoqian , Yang Jianming , Wang Zhaobao , Yun Long , Ren Jie
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Flue-cured tobacco is an important economic crop that is not tolerant of continuous cropping and can be influenced by planting soil conditions including rhizosphere microbial communities and soil physicochemical properties. The relationship between rhizosphere microbial communities and soil physicochemical properties under continuous cropping conditions is unclear.

Methods: This study investigated the succession of rhizosphere microbial community in continuous tobacco cropping soil for 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, and 30 years. The physicochemical properties of the soil were measured, high-throughput sequencing was performed on the rhizosphere microbial community, and correlation analysis was conducted.

Results: The results suggested that continuous cropping could significantly enrich soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter. Meanwhile, the alpha diversity of the bacterial community was significantly reduced with continuous cropping, indicating significant changes in the structure of bacterial and fungal communities. Based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), 173 bacterial and 75 fungal genera were identified with significant differences. The bacterial genera, Sphingomonas, Streptomyces, and Microvirga, were significantly positively correlated with continuous cropping years. The fungal genera, Tausonia, Solicocozyma, Pseudomycohila, and Fusarium, also showed significant positive correlation with continuous cropping years. Meanwhile, the fungal genera, Olpidium, Cephaliophora, and Cercophora, presented an opposite correlation. However, there are differences in the correlation between these bacterial and fungal genera related to continuous cropping years and other different soil physicochemical properties.

Discussion: In summary, this work could provide a reference for soil management and scientific fertilization of tobacco under continuous cropping conditions.
Comprehensive analysis of PSME3: from pan-cancer analysis to experimental validation
Authors: Dong Chengyuan , Guo Yadong , Yang Yanrong , Ge Xin
Published: January 2024

PSME3 plays a significant role in tumor progression. However, the prognostic value of PSME3 in pan-cancer and its involvement in tumor immunity remain unclear. We conducted a comprehensive study utilizing extensive RNA sequencing data from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and GTEx (Genotype-Tissue Expression) databases. Our research revealed abnormal expression levels of PSME3 in various cancer types and unveiled a correlation between high PSME3 expression and adverse clinical outcomes, especially in cancers like liver cancer (LIHC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Functional enrichment analysis highlighted multiple biological functions of PSME3, including its involvement in protein degradation, immune responses, and stem cell regulation. Moreover, PSME3 showed associations with immune infiltration and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, indicating its potential role in shaping the cancer immune landscape. The study also unveiled connections between PSME3 and immune checkpoint expression, with experimental validation demonstrating that PSME3 positively regulates CD276. This suggests that PSME3 could be a potential therapeutic target in immunotherapy. Additionally, we predicted sensitive drugs targeting PSME3. Finally, we confirmed in both single-factor Cox and multiple-factor Cox regression analyses that PSME3 is an independent prognostic factor. We also conducted preliminary validations of the impact of PSME3 on cell proliferation and wound healing in liver cancer. In summary, our study reveals the multifaceted role of PSME3 in cancer biology, immune regulation, and clinical outcomes, providing crucial insights for personalized cancer treatment strategies and the development of immunotherapy.
Artificial intelligence-driven microbiome data analysis for estimation of postmortem interval and crime location
Authors: Wu Ze , Guo Yaoxing , Hayakawa Miren , Yang Wei , Lu Yansong , Ma Jingyi , Li Linghui , Li Chuntao , Liu Yingchun , Niu Jun
Published: January 2024

Microbial communities, demonstrating dynamic changes in cadavers and the surroundings, provide invaluable insights for forensic investigations. Conventional methodologies for microbiome sequencing data analysis face obstacles due to subjectivity and inefficiency. Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents an efficient and accurate tool, with the ability to autonomously process and analyze high-throughput data, and assimilate multi-omics data, encompassing metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. This facilitates accurate and efficient estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI), detection of crime location, and elucidation of microbial functionalities. This review presents an overview of microorganisms from cadavers and crime scenes, emphasizes the importance of microbiome, and summarizes the application of AI in high-throughput microbiome data processing in forensic microbiology.
Efficacy and tolerability of perampanel: a Chinese real-world observational study in epilepsy
Authors: Zeng Ya , Wu Xintong
Published: January 2024

Purpose

To investigate whether there exists a statistically significant distinction between the effectiveness and tolerance of perampanel (PER) and the number of antiseizure medications (ASMs) that were tried prior to administering PER.

Method

A prospective, observational study was performed at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The study included patients diagnosed with epilepsy who were prescribed PER and were monitored for a minimum of 6 months. The efficacy of PER was evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12-month intervals by examining the retention rate and the 50% response rate. All statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York).

Results

A total of 1,025 patients were identified, of which 836 were included in the analysis. Seven hundred and eighty-nine patients (94.4%) were followed up for a year. The median age of the patients was 29.32 ± 14.06 years, with 45.81% of the patients being male and 17.0% being adolescents. The average duration of epilepsy was 11.22 ± 8.93 years. Overall, PER was discontinued in 49.5% of patients, with the most common reasons being inadequate therapeutic effect and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). At the 6-month follow-up, the retention rate was 54.2% (454/836), and 39.6% of patients had a 50% response. At the 12-month follow-up, the retention rate was 49.4% (340/789), and 44.5% of patients had a 50% response. Patients who received PER as monotherapy had the highest retention rates (P = 0.034) and 50% response rates (P < 0.001) at any follow-up point. TEAEs were reported in 32.0% of patients, and these led to discontinuation in 15.4% of patients. The most common TEAEs were dizziness and somnolence. There was no significant difference between subgroups (P = 0.57), but there was a significant difference between the dosage of PER and TEAEs (P < 0.001).

Main findings

The study concludes that PER is effective in treating both focal and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Patients who had fewer previous exposures to ASMs exhibited higher response rates to PER. TEAEs related to PER dosage were more prevalent during the first 3 months of treatment and tended to improve with continued use, ultimately demonstrating favorable long-term tolerability.
Case report: A new treatment for restless leg syndrome: three cases
Authors: Li Ying , Zhang Wenjing , Wang Hui , Zhang Weiwei
Published: January 2024

Restless legs syndrome is a movement disorder that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. It is characterized by marked discomfort mainly occurring in the deep tissues of the lower extremities, including deep muscle or bone chafing, as well as crawling sensations or pulling sensations. These sensations often cause patients to awaken after falling asleep and to feel the urge to walk around, which seriously affects their sleep quality. Patients with restless leg syndrome exhibit significantly enhanced sympathetic nerve activity and immune disorders, while stellate ganglion blockage can block sympathetic nerves and regulate immune cells and cytokines to maintain immune system homeostasis. We report three patients with restless legs syndrome complicated with severe nephrotic syndrome. After treatment with stellate ganglion block, the symptoms in the restless legs were relieved within 1 month, and the quality of sleep was significantly improved. Our findings suggest that stellate ganglion block has broad promise in the management of restless legs syndrome patients with severe comorbidities.