bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroparasitology of Parasite–Insect Associations
Authors: Hughes David P. , Libersat Frederic
Published: January 2018

Insect behavior can be manipulated by parasites, and in many cases, such manipulation involves the central and peripheral nervous system. Neuroparasitology is an emerging branch of biology that deals with parasites that can control the nervous system of their host. The diversity of parasites that can manipulate insect behavior ranges from viruses to macroscopic worms and also includes other insects that have evolved to become parasites (notably, parasitic wasps). It is remarkable that the precise manipulation observed does not require direct entry into the insect brain and can even occur when the parasite is outside the body. We suggest that a spatial view of manipulation provides a holistic approach to examining such interactions. Integration across approaches from natural history to advanced imaging techniques, omics, and experiments will provide new vistas in neuroparasitology. We also suggest that for researchers interested in the proximate mechanisms of insect behaviors, studies of parasites that have evolved to control such behavior is of significant value.
The Evolution and Metamorphosis of Arthropod Proteomics and Genomics
Authors: Willis Judith H.
Published: January 2018

This article presents an overview of the development of techniques for analyzing cuticular proteins (CPs), their transcripts, and their genes over the past 50 years based primarily on experience in the laboratory of J.H. Willis. It emphasizes changes in the kind of data that can be gathered and how such data provided insights into the molecular underpinnings of insect metamorphosis and cuticle structure. It describes the techniques that allowed visualization of the location of CPs at both the anatomical and intracuticular levels and measurement of the appearance and deployment of transcripts from CP genes as well as what was learned from genomic and transcriptomic data. Most of the early work was done with the cecropia silkmoth, Hyalophora cecropia, and later work was with Anopheles gambiae.
Motoneuron excitability of the quadriceps decreases during a fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction
Authors: Finn Harrison T. , Rouffet David M. , Kennedy David S. , Green Simon , Taylor Janet L.
Published: January 2018

During fatiguing voluntary contractions, the excitability of motoneurons innervating arm muscles decreases. However, the behavior of motoneurons innervating quadriceps muscles is unclear. Findings may be inconsistent because descending cortical input influences motoneuron excitability and confounds measures during exercise. To overcome this limitation, we examined effects of fatigue on quadriceps motoneuron excitability tested during brief pauses in descending cortical drive after transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Participants ( n = 14) performed brief (~5-s) isometric knee extension contractions before and after a 10-min sustained contraction at ~25% maximal electromyogram (EMG) of vastus medialis (VM) on one ( n = 5) or two ( n = 9) days. Electrical stimulation over thoracic spine elicited thoracic motor evoked potentials (TMEP) in quadriceps muscles during ongoing voluntary drive and 100 ms into the silent period following TMS (TMS-TMEP). Femoral nerve stimulation elicited maximal M-waves (Mmax). On the 2 days, either large (~50% Mmax) or small (~15% Mmax) TMS-TMEPs were elicited. During the 10-min contraction, VM EMG was maintained ( P = 0.39), whereas force decreased by 52% (SD 13%) ( P < 0.001). TMEP area remained unchanged ( P = 0.9), whereas large TMS-TMEPs decreased by 49% (SD 28%) ( P = 0.001) and small TMS-TMEPs by 71% (SD 22%) ( P < 0.001). This decline was greater for small TMS-TMEPs ( P = 0.019; n = 9). Therefore, without the influence of descending drive, quadriceps TMS-TMEPs decreased during fatigue. The greater reduction for smaller responses, which tested motoneurons that were most active during the contraction, suggests a mechanism related to repetitive activity contributes to reduced quadriceps motoneuron excitability during fatigue. By contrast, the unchanged TMEP suggests that ongoing drive compensates for altered motoneuron excitability.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY We provide evidence that the excitability of quadriceps motoneurons decreases with fatigue. Our results suggest that altered intrinsic properties brought about by repetitive activation of the motoneurons underlie their decreased excitability. Furthermore, we note that testing during voluntary contraction may not reflect the underlying depression of motoneuron excitability because of compensatory changes in ongoing voluntary drive. Thus, this study provides evidence that processes intrinsic to the motoneuron contribute to muscle fatigue of the knee extensors.
Repeated testing for the assessment of individual response to exercise training
Authors: Hecksteden Anne , Pitsch Werner , Rosenberger Friederike , Meyer Tim
Published: January 2018

Observed response to regular exercise training differs widely between individuals even in tightly controlled research settings. However, the respective contributions of random error and true interindividual differences as well as the relative frequency of nonresponders are disputed. Specific challenges of analyses on the individual level as well as a striking heterogeneity in definitions may partly explain these inconsistent results. Repeated testing during the training phase specifically addresses the requirements of analyses on the individual level. Here we report a first implementation of this innovative design amendment in a head-to-head comparison of existing analytical approaches. To allow for comparative implementation of approaches we conducted a controlled endurance training trial (1 yr walking/jogging, 3 days/wk for 45 min with 60% heart rate reserve) in healthy, untrained subjects ( n = 36, age = 46 ± 8 yr; body mass index 24.7 ± 2.7 kg/m2; V̇o2max36.6 ± 5.4). In the training group additional V̇o2maxtests were conducted after 3, 6, and 9 mo. Duration of the control condition was 6 mo due to ethical constraints. General efficacy of the training intervention could be verified by a significant increase in V̇o2maxin the training group ( P < 0.001 vs. control). Individual training response of relevant magnitude (>0.2 × baseline variability in V̇o2max) could be demonstrated by several approaches. Regarding the classification of individuals, only 11 of 20 subjects were consistently classified, demonstrating remarkable disagreement between approaches. These results are in support of relevant interindividual variability in training efficacy and stress the limitations of a responder classification. Moreover, this proof-of-concept underlines the need for tailored methodological approaches for well-defined problems.

NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work reports a first implementation of a repeated testing training trial for the investigation of individual response. This design amendment was recently proposed to address specifically the statistical requirements of analyses on the individual level. Moreover, a comprehensive comparison of previously published methods exemplifies the striking heterogeneity of existing approaches.
Method for Effectively Utilizing Node Energy of WSN for Coal Mine Robot
Authors: Ma Xiliang , Mao Ruiqing
Published: January 2018

As a special application scenario, the data collected by wireless sensor networks of coal mine robot is from vital and dangerous environment. Therefore, the nodes need to work as long as possible. In order to efficiently utilize the node energy of wireless sensor network, this paper proposes a self-organizing routing method for wireless sensor networks based on Q-learning. The method takes many factors into account, such as the hop number, distance, residual energy, and node communication loss and energy. Each node of the wireless sensor networks is mapped into an Agent. Periodic training is carried out to optimize the route choice. Each Agent chooses the optimal path for data transmission according to the calculated Q evaluation value. Simulation results show that the self-organizing sensor networks using Q-learning can balance the energy consumption of the nodes and prolong the lifetime of the networks.
Antiphospholipid Antibody Induced by Nivolumab
Authors: Aburahma Ahmed , Aljariri Alhesan Nour , Elounais Farah , Abu Sitta Emad
Published: January 2018

Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody against the programmed death protein 1 and is used for patients with advanced melanoma. It is associated with potentially immune-related adverse events, including disorders of the skin, GI tract, and the thyroid; these disorders were successfully treated with prednisone and infliximab. Other immunotherapeutic agents were observed to induce the formation of antiphospholipid antibody (APA) including α-interferon and interleukin-2. We present a case of APA development after the third dose of nivolumab in a 71-year-old male with advanced melanoma. The APA was detected after finding a prolonged aPTT; the lupus anticoagulant assay tested positive. The patient was treated with prednisone but, unfortunately, he expired a few days later.
Approximating Solution of Fabrizio-Caputo Volterra’s Model for Population Growth in a Closed System by Homotopy Analysis Method
Authors: Bashiri Tahereh , Vaezpour S. Mansour , Nieto Juan J.
Published: January 2018

Volterra’s model for population growth in a closed system consists in an integral term to indicate accumulated toxicity besides the usual terms of the logistic equation. Scudo in 1971 suggested the Volterra model for a population u(t) of identical individuals to show crowding and sensitivity to “total metabolism”: du/dt=au(t)-bu2(t)-cu(t)∫0tu(s)ds. In this paper our target is studying the existence and uniqueness as well as approximating the following Caputo-Fabrizio Volterra’s model for population growth in a closed system:  CFDαu(t)=au(t)-bu2(t)-cu(t)∫0tu(s)ds, α∈[0,1], subject to the initial condition u(0)=0. The mechanism for approximating the solution is Homotopy Analysis Method which is a semianalytical technique to solve nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations. Furthermore, we use the same method to analyze a similar closed system by considering classical Caputo’s fractional derivative. Comparison between the results for these two factional derivatives is also included.
Proscillaridin A Promotes Oxidative Stress and ER Stress, Inhibits STAT3 Activation, and Induces Apoptosis in A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Maryam Amara , Mehmood Tahir , Yan Qiulong , Li Yongming , Khan Muhammad , Ma Tonghui
Published: January 2018

Cardiac glycosides are natural compounds used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Although originally prescribed for cardiovascular diseases, more recently, they have been rediscovered for their potential use in the treatment of cancer. Proscillaridin A (PSD‐A), a cardiac glycoside component of Urginea maritima, has been reported to exhibit anticancer activity. However, the cellular targets and anticancer mechanism of PSD‐A in various cancers including lung cancer remain largely unexplored. In the present study, we found that PSD‐A inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells. The anticancer activity of PSD‐A was found to be associated with the activation of JNK, induction of ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of STAT3 activation. PSD‐A induces oxidative stress as evidenced from ROS generation, GSH depletion, and decreased activity of TrxR1. PSD‐A‐mediated ER stress was verified by increased phosphorylation of eIF2α and expression of its downstream effector proteins ATF4, CHOP, and caspases‐4. PSD‐A triggered apoptosis by inducing JNK (1/2) activation, increasing bax/bcl‐2 ratio, dissipating mitochondrial membrane potential, and inducing cleavage of caspases and PARP. Further study revealed that PSD‐A inhibits both constitutive and inducible STAT3 activations and decreases STAT3 DNA‐binding activity. Moreover, PSD‐A‐mediated inhibition of STAT3 activation was found to be associated with increased SHP‐1 expression, decreased phosphorylation of Src, and binding of PSD‐A with STAT3 SH2 domain. Finally, STAT3 knockdown by shRNA inhibited growth and enhanced apoptotic efficacy of PSD‐A. Taken together, the data suggest that PSD‐A could be developed into a potential therapeutic agent against lung adenocarcinoma.
Transcriptome Remodeling of Differentiated Cells during Chronological Ageing of Yeast Colonies: New Insights into Metabolic Differentiation
Authors: Wilkinson Derek , Maršíková Jana , Hlaváček Otakar , Gilfillan Gregor D. , Ježková Eva , Aaløkken Ragnhild , Váchová Libuše , Palková Zdena
Published: January 2018

We present the spatiotemporal metabolic differentiation of yeast cell subpopulations from upper, lower, and margin regions of colonies of different ages, based on comprehensive transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, the analysis was extended to include smaller cell subpopulations identified previously by microscopy within fully differentiated U and L cells of aged colonies. New data from RNA‐seq provides both spatial and temporal information on cell metabolic reprogramming during colony ageing and shows that cells at marginal positions are similar to upper cells, but both these cell types are metabolically distinct from cells localized to lower colony regions. As colonies age, dramatic metabolic reprogramming occurs in cells of upper regions, while changes in margin and lower cells are less prominent. Interestingly, whereas clear expression differences were identified between two L cell subpopulations, U cells (which adopt metabolic profiles, similar to those of tumor cells) form a more homogeneous cell population. The data identified crucial metabolic reprogramming events that arise de novo during colony ageing and are linked to U and L cell colony differentiation and support a role for mitochondria in this differentiation process.
Coupled Dynamic Analysis for the Riser‐Conductor of Deepwater Surface BOP Drilling System
Authors: Su Kanhua , Butt Stephen , Yang Jianming , Qiu Hongyuan
Published: January 2018

Deepwater surface BOP (surface blowout prevention, SBOP) drilling differs from conventional riser drilling system. To analyze the dynamic response of this system, the riser‐conductor was considered as a beam with varied cross‐sections subjected to loads throughout its length; then an equation of motion and free vibration of the riser‐conductor string for SBOP was developed. The finite difference method was used to solve the equation of motion in time domain and a semianalytical approach based on the concept of section division and continuation was proposed to analyze free vibration. Case simulation results show that the method established for SBOP system natural frequency analysis is reasonable. The mode shapes of the riser‐conductor are different between coupled and decoupled methods. The soil types surrounding the conductor under mudline have tiny effect on the natural frequency. Given that some papers have discussed the response of the SBOP riser, this work focused on the comparison of the dynamic responses on the wellhead and conductor with variable conditions. The dynamic lateral displacement, the bending moment, and the parameters’ sensitivity of the wellhead and the conductor were analyzed.
Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Genes in Association with Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Zhang Zengyu , Li Sufang , Yu Lianfang , Liu Jun
Published: January 2018

Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-control study aimed to determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs731276 (TaqI), rs1568820 (Cdx2), rs1544410 (BsmI), and rs2228570 (FokI) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene with susceptibility of childhood ASD and severity of the disease. A total of 201 children with ASD and 200 healthy controls from the Han Chinese population were recruited. SNP genotyping was carried out by TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from blood cells. Among four examined SNPs, only the CT genotype (odds ratio (OR) = 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–3.68,P=0.0351) and the C allele (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.02–3.46,P=0.0416) of the rs731276 were significantly associated with increased risks of childhood ASD. None of the SNPs were associated with severity of childhood ASD. Our results reveal that certain polymorphisms in the VDR gene are a risk factor related to childhood ASD in the Han Chinese population.
Revising Reverse-Phase Chromatographic Behavior for Efficient Differentiation of Both Positional and Geometrical Isomers of Dicaffeoylquinic Acids
Authors: Masike Keabetswe , Dubery Ian , Steenkamp Paul , Smit Elize , Madala Edwin
Published: January 2018

Dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) are plant metabolites and undergo trans-cis-isomerization when exposed to UV irradiation. As such, diCQAs exist in both trans- and cis-configurations and amplify the already complex plant metabolome. However, analytical differentiation of these geometrical isomers using mass spectrometry (MS) approaches has proven to be extremely challenging. Exploring the chromatographic space to develop possible conditions that would aid in differentially separating and determining the elution order of these isomers is therefore imperative. In this study, simple chromatographic parameters, such as column chemistry (phenyl versus alkyl), mobile phase composition (methanol or acetonitrile), and column temperature, were investigated to aid in the separation of diCQA geometrical isomers. The high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) chromatograms revealed four isomers post UV irradiation of diCQA authentic standards. The elution profile/order was seen to vary on different reverse-phase column chemistries (phenyl versus alkyl) using different mobile phase composition. Here, the elution profile/order on the phenyl-derived column matrices (with methanol as the mobile phase composition) was observed to be relatively reproducible as compared to the alkyl (C18) columns. Chromatographic resolution of diCQA geometrical isomers can be enhanced with an increase in column temperature. Lastly, the study highlights that chromatographic elution order/profile cannot be relied upon to fathom the complexity of isomeric plant metabolites.
Research on the Complexity and Chaos Control about a Closed‐Loop Supply Chain with Dual‐Channel Recycling and Uncertain Consumer Perception
Authors: Ma Junhai , Ren Hao , Yu Miao , Zhu Meihong
Published: January 2018

According to game theory, chaotic dynamics theory, and complexity based on the literature review about the pricing strategy and recycling channels of the closed‐loop supply chain, on the background of the widespread hybrid recycling channels in Chinese electronic products market, this paper builds a closed‐loop supply chain model with dual‐channel recycling composed of one manufacturer and one third‐party. We assume that the consumer perception towards the remanufacturing products is uncertain and limited. We carry on theoretical analysis of this model and perform numerical simulations from the perspective of entropy theory. Results show that a precipitous speed of recycling price adjustment of the manufacturer or the third‐party will both lead the system into a chaotic state and cause the entropy of the system to increase. The system is sensitive to initial conditions in this chaotic condition. Focusing on the harmful effects of chaotic system, we introduce adjustment parameter to efficiently control the chaos. The results have a strong reference value to practical problems, so it has a great value in both theory and application.
RNF126 as a Biomarker of a Poor Prognosis in Invasive Breast Cancer and CHEK1 Inhibitor Efficacy in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Yang Xiaosong , Pan You , Qiu Zhaojun , Du Zhanwen , Zhang Yao , Fa Pengyan , Gorityala Shashank , Ma Shanhuai , Li Shunqiang , Chen Ceshi , Wang Hongbing , Xu Yan , Yan Chunhong , Ruth Keri , Ma Zhefu , Zhang Junran
Published: January 2018

Purpose: (i) To investigate the expression of the E3 ligase, RNF126, in human invasive breast cancer and its links with breast cancer outcomes; and (ii) to test the hypothesis that RNF126 determines the efficacy of inhibitors targeting the cell-cycle checkpoint kinase, CHEK1.

Experimental Design: A retrospective analysis by immunohistochemistry (IHC) compared RNF126 staining in 110 invasive breast cancer and 78 paired adjacent normal tissues with clinicopathologic data. Whether RNF126 controls CHEK1 expression was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation and a CHEK1 promoter driven luciferase reporter. Staining for these two proteins by IHC using tissue microarrays was also conducted. Cell killing/replication stress induced by CHEK1 inhibition was evaluated in cells, with or without RNF126 knockdown, by MTT/colony formation, replication stress biomarker immunostaining and DNA fiber assays.

Results: RNF126 protein expression was elevated in breast cancer tissue samples. RNF126 was associated with a poor clinical outcome after multivariate analysis and was an independent predictor. RNF126 promotes CHEK1 transcript expression. Critically, a strong correlation between RNF126 and CHEK1 proteins was identified in breast cancer tissue and cell lines. The inhibition of CHEK1 induced a greater cell killing and a higher level of replication stress in breast cancer cells expressing RNF126 compared to RNF126 depleted cells.

Conclusions: RNF126 protein is highly expressed in invasive breast cancer tissue. The high expression of RNF126 is an independent predictor of a poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer and is considered a potential biomarker of a cancer's responsiveness to CHEK1 inhibitors. CHEK1 inhibition targets breast cancer cells expressing higher levels of RNF126 by enhancing replication stress. Clin Cancer Res; 24(7); 1629–43. ©2018 AACR.
The Immune Checkpoint Modulator OX40 and Its Ligand OX40L in NK-Cell Immunosurveillance and Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Nuebling Tina , Schumacher Carla Emilia , Hofmann Martin , Hagelstein Ilona , Schmiedel Benjamin Joachim , Maurer Stefanie , Federmann Birgit , Rothfelder Kathrin , Roerden Malte , Dörfel Daniela , Schneider Pascal , Jung Gundram , Salih Helmut Rainer
Published: January 2018

The TNF receptor family member OX40 promotes activation and proliferation of T cells, which fuels efforts to modulate this immune checkpoint to reinforce antitumor immunity. Besides T cells, NK cells are a second cytotoxic lymphocyte subset that contributes to antitumor immunity, particularly in leukemia. Accordingly, these cells are being clinically evaluated for cancer treatment through multiple approaches, such as adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded polyclonal NK cells (pNKC). Here, we analyzed whether and how OX40 and its ligand (OX40L) influence NK-cell function and antileukemia reactivity. We report that OX40 is expressed on leukemic blasts in a substantial percentage of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and that OX40 can, after stimulation with agonistic OX40 antibodies, mediate proliferation and release of cytokines that act as growth and survival factors for the leukemic cells. We also demonstrate that pNKC differentially express OX40L, depending on the protocol used for their generation. OX40L signaling promoted NK-cell activation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity, and disruption of OX40–OX40L interaction impaired pNKC reactivity against primary AML cells. Together, our data implicate OX40/OX40L in disease pathophysiology of AML and in NK-cell immunosurveillance. Our findings indicate that effects of the OX40–OX40L receptor–ligand system in other immune cell subsets and also malignant cells should be taken into account when developing OX40-targeted approaches for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(2); 209–21. ©2018 AACR.
Quantification of Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform mRNA Transcripts in the Supraspinatus Muscle of Vertical Clinger Primates
Authors: Potau Josep Maria , Artells Rosa , Muñoz Carmen , Arias-Martorell Júlia , Pastor Juan Francisco , de Paz Félix Jesús , Barbosa Mercedes , Bello-Hellegouarch Gaëlle , Pérez-Pérez Alejandro
Published: January 2018

Vertical clinging is a specialized form of locomotion characteristic of the primate family Callitrichidae. Vertical clinging requires these pronograde primates to maintain a vertical posture, so the protraction of their forelimbs must resist gravity. Since pronograde primates usually move as horizontal quadrupeds, we hypothesized that the supraspinatus muscle of vertical clingers would present specific characteristics related to the functional requirements imposed on the shoulder area by vertical clinging. To test this hypothesis, we quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction the mRNA transcripts of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in the supraspinatus muscle of 15 species of pronograde primates, including vertical clingers. Our results indicate that the supraspinatus of vertical clingers has a specific expression pattern of the MHC isoforms, with a low expression of the transcripts of the slow MHC-I isoform and a high expression of the transcripts of the fast MHC-II isoforms. We conclude that these differences can be related to the particular functional characteristics of the shoulder in vertical clingers, but also to other anatomical adaptations of these primates, such as their small body size.
The Expression of HSD17B12 Is Associated with COX-2 Expression and Is Increased in High-Grade Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Kemiläinen Heidi , Huhtinen Kaisa , Auranen Annika , Carpén Olli , Strauss Leena , Poutanen Matti
Published: January 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of hydroxysteroid (17β) dehydrogenase type 12 (HSD17B12), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of arachidonic acid (AA), in ovarian cancer, and to study its coexpression with its upstream and downstream enzymes in the AA pathway, namely elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 5 (ELOVL5) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), respectively. Materials and Methods: Samples from benign and malignant ovarian neoplastic lesions were immunohistochemically stained with HSD17B12, ELOVL5, and COX-2. The staining intensities were quantified with the QuantCenter program, and the results were confirmed with visual inspection. Statistical significances were calculated with the Student t test, the Mann-Whitney test, linear regression, or ANOVA. Results: The expression of the HSD17B12, ELOVL5, and COX-2 enzymes increased according to the grade of the endometrioid ovarian adenocarcinomas. In contrast, in serous adenocarcinomas, staining with ELOVL5 was constantly weak, whereas the expression of HSD17B12 and COX-2 increased with the grade or FIGO stage of the cancer, respectively. Conclusions: The expression of HSD17B12 increased along with the severity of ovarian cancer, and the expression mimicked COX-2 expression and intensity. This further suggests the involvement of HSD17B12 in AA production, and its coexpression with COX-2 indicates a role for the enzyme in the increased prostaglandin production during ovarian cancer progression.
АНАЛІЗ КОРЕЛЯЦІЙНИХ ЗАЛЕЖНОСТЕЙ ДІАГНОСТИЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ У ХВОРИХ З ГЕМОРАГІЧНИМ ІНСУЛЬТОМ У ПІЗНЬОМУ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЙНОМУ ПЕРІОДІ
Authors: Andriyk L. V. , Magulka I. V.
Published: January 2018

Мета. Дана стаття присвячена дослідженню ефективності реабілітаційних заходів з метою удосконалення реабілітаційного лікування хворих працездатного віку які перенесли геморагічний інсульт. Методика. Призначали комплексну поетапну реабілітацію, із додатковим використанням немедикаментозних методів (голкорефлексо-, апі-, гірудо- та мануальна терапія). Обстежено 116 пацієнтів з паренхіматозним півкульовим геморагічним інсультом у пізньому реабілітаційному періоді. Використовувалися бальні шкали та визначення кількості нуклеїнових кислот і активності кислих і лужних нуклеаз сироватки крові та проводився кореляційних аналіз отриманих результатів. Результати. Отримали ряд залежностей клінічних показників, які при високих значеннях коефіцієнтів кореляції дадуть можливість отримання попередніх матеріалів за однією із них за результатами інших. Так, маючи дані неврологічного статусу за шкалою NIHSS, можемо розрахувати рівень функціональної неспроможності за шкалою Ренкіна, відносний рівень психо-емоційних розладів за шкалами Монтгомері Асберг та Бека, рівень когнітивних розладів за шкалою MMSE.Наукова новизна. Вперше показано ефективність комплексної поетапної методики реабілітації та встановлена низка позитивних змін за шкалами NIHSS, Ренкіна, Бартеля, Ашфорта, MMSE, MADRS, Бека. Вперше проаналізовано кореляційні взаємовідносини між результатами тестових шкал при геморагічному інсульті в пізньому реабілітаційному та резидуальному періодах.Практична значимість. Результати роботи використовуються для планування та оптимізації діагностично-лікувальної тактики пацієнтів із паренхіматозним півкульовим геморагічним інсультом у пізньому реабілітаційному та резидуальному періодах.
СУЧАСНІ АСПЕКТИ МЕДИКО-СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ІНВАЛІДІВ - УЧАСНИКІВ АНТИТЕРОРИСТИЧНОЇ ОПЕРАЦІЇ
Authors: Beliaieva N. M. , Kurylenko I. V. , Yavorovenko O. B. , Banadyha I. F. , Maika A. S. , Porohkhniak L. L. , Remez O. I. , Danylenko Yu. A. , Veremii L. H. , Pavlichenko H. V.
Published: January 2018

Мета роботи – визначення потреб інвалідів-учасників АТО в заходах медико-соціальної реабілітації при основній інвалідизуючій патології.Матеріали та методи. Розрахована потреба інвалідів-учасників АТО в заходах медико-соціальної реабілітації на підставі аналізу 3947 індивідуальних програм реабілітації (ІПР), які розроблені реабілітологами медико-соціальних експертних комісій (МСЕК) 19 областей України при основній інвалідизуючій патології (наслідках бойових травм та соматичної патології). Використані методи: експертних оцінок, статистично-математичний, мета-аналіз за даними медико-експертної документації та ІПР, аналітико-логічний.Результати дослідження. Отримані дані свідчать про наявність комплексних різноманітних потреб інвалідів-учасників АТО в заходах медико-соціальної реабілітації (медичної, психологічної, професійно-трудової, соціальної, технічних засобах реабілітації та виробах медичного призначення), обсяг яких відрізняється в залежності від виду послуг, віку, важкості інвалідності, патології.Висновки. При формуванні ІПР має місце недооцінка ролі послуг з професійної, соціальної реабілітації, технічних засобів реабілітації в усуненні обмежень життєдіяльності, покращенні якості життя інвалідів, їх соціальної адаптації, що потребує удосконалення роботи МСЕК.
СТРАТЕГІЯ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЙНИХ ЗАХОДІВ У ПАЦІЄНТІВ ПОХИЛОГО ВІКУ З ПЕРВИННИМ ГОНАРТРОЗОМ
Authors: Sirant H. O.
Published: January 2018

Мета: визначення стратегії проведення медичної реабілітації у хворих на первинний гонартроз в похилому віці з обгрунтуванням вибору реабілітаційних заходів.Матеріали та методи: Реалізацію програми реабілітації провели за результатами організаційного експерименту на базі реабілітаційного відділення та санаторного закладу під час проведення медичної реабілітації 112 пацієнтам похилого віку з первинним гонартрозом. Були використані дані клініко-реабілітаційної характеристики пацієнтів.Результати: Були проаналізовані результати впровадження алгоритму стратегії проведення реабілітаційних заходів та вивчена ефективність проведення реабілітації: спостерігалась позитивна динаміка рухової активності після проведеної реабілітації  у (92,4±4,2) % досліджуваних хворих, в контрольній групі  у (41,4±2,2) %, якість життя покращилася після проведення реабілітації у (66,3±2,8) % пацієнтів, в контрольній групі у (35,7±1,7) %, що підтверджує ефективність запропонованого алгоритму.Висновки: Застосування запропонованого алгоритму стратегії проведення реабілітаційних заходів дозволяє вирішувати основні завдання реабілітації, сумує ризики та їх можливі корекції, забезпечує індивідуальний підхід та оптимізацію відновного лікування, підвищуючи доступність та якість медичних послуг при ефективнішому та раціональнішому використанні методів реабілітації.
ДЕЯКІ ДУМКИ З ПРИВОДУ МЕДИЧНОЇ РЕФОРМИ
Authors: Holyachenko A. O. , Smirnova V. L. , Levchenko О. V.
Published: January 2018

Мета. Проаналізувати і дати оцінку основним положенням медичної реформи стосовно демографічної ситуації в Україні.Матеріали і методи. Використані дані галузевої статистики, щодо смертності населення, дані соціологічного опитування жінок Хмельницької області, щодо відтворення людності.Результати На даний час демографічна ситуація в  Україні характеризується таким негативним явищем, як значне перевищення смертності над народжуваністю.. В чім причина цього катастрофічного явища? Називаються політичні, соціальні, економічні, медичні проблеми. Медична реформа на даний час не вирішує проблем депопуляції людності.
СИНОПТИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФАКТОРІВ РИЗИКУ ВИНИКНЕННЯ РАКУ ТІЛА МАТКИ ТА РАКУ ЯЄЧНИКІВ
Authors: Romaniv M. P. , Michalchuk V. M.
Published: January 2018

Мета: визначити провідні фактори у розвитку раку тіла матки та раку яєчників та на їх основі визначити основні групи ризику розвитку онкогінекологічної патології.Матеріали та методи.         На основі проведеного епідеміологічного дослідження, яке включало 278 жінок Тернопільської області за період 2014-2016 років, серед яких у 155 діагностовано рак  тіла матки та у 123 рак яєчників, встановлено фактори ризику розвитку онкогінекологічної патології.  Результати. Встановлено фактори ризику серед яких найбільш інформативними є  вік,  відсутність  шлюбу, пізня та рання менопаузи,  нерегулярне або перерване статеве життя,  штучні аборти, ендокринно-обмінні захворювання. Висновки. Виділено 3 групи ризику у жінок розвитку онкогінекологічної патології:-         I група - хворі з передраковими і фоновими захворюваннями тіла матки і яєчників;-         II група - практично здорові жінки з 4 і більше факторами ризику; -         III група - практично здорові жінки з 1-3 факторами ризику, що маютьнезначну питома частку у виникненні онкогінекологічної патології.
Фенольні сполуки листя Sorbus domestіca і Sorbus graeca
Authors: Krivoruchko O. V.
Published: January 2018

Introduction. Sorbus domestіca and Sorbus graeca from the Rosaceae family are cultivated in Ukraine in gardens and parks. Their chemical composition is investigated insufficiently.The aim of the study – to research the composition and the content of phenolic compounds of leaves of Sorbus domestіca and Sorbus graeca.Research Methods. The content of phenolic compounds in leaves of Sorbus domestіca and Sorbus graeca was carried out by the high performance liquid chromatography method on Agilent Technologies chromatograph.Results and Discussion. In leaves of Sorbus domestіca chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin were identified; in leaves of Sorbus graeca chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids, rutin and 4'-methoxyquercetin-3-O-sophoroside were identified. The content of hydroxycinnamic acids in leaves of Sorbus domestіca is 389 mg/100 g, in leaves of Sorbus graeca – 147 mg/100 g (in terms of chlorogenic acid). The content of flavonoids in leaves of Sorbus domestіca is 1888 mg/100 g, in leaves of Sorbus graeca – 727 mg/100 g (in terms of rutin).Conclusions. The composition and the content of phenolic compounds of Sorbus domestіca and Sorbus graeca were studied by the HPLC method. Leaves of Sorbus domestіca are more perspective for further pharmacological studies.
Розробка методу ідентифікації одночасного визначення ніфедипіну, еналаприлу та бісопрололу
Authors: Logoyda L. S.
Published: January 2018

Introduction. Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) can often be measured by several methods and the choice of analytical method involves many considerations, such as chemical properties of the analyte, concentrations levels, sample matrix, cost of the analysis, and speed of the analysis, quantitative or qualitative measurement, and precision required and necessary equipment. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique used to separate non-volatile mixtures. TLC can be used to help determine the number of components in a mixture, the identity of compounds, and the purity of a compound. By observing the appearance of a product or the disappearance of a reactant, it can also be used to monitor the progress of a reaction.The aim of the study – to develop more rapid, simple, selective, less expensive methods of TLC analysis of simultaneous determination of nifedipine, enalapril and bisoprolol and for using this method of analysis in future for development of bioanalytical methods and pharmacokinetic study.Research Methods. The present study assessed mobile phases of nifedipine, enalapril and bisoprolol for TLC.Results and Discussion. Method of simultaneous identification of nifedipine, enalapril and bisoprolol by TLC was developed. It was established that the most optimal Rf observed using mobile phases for simultaneous determination of nifedipine, enalapril and bisoprolol: chloroform-methanol (9:1). We explored the validation characteristics – specificity and suitability of the chromatographic system that met, the eligibility criteria established by the SPU.Conclusion. We developed chromatographic methods for simultaneous determination of nifedipine, enalapril and bisoprolol. Propects for future research will be aimed at developing bioanalytical methods of analysis.
Показники вільнорадикального окисненняв щурів за умови “пасивного тютюнокуріння” на тлі тривалого введення глутамату натрію у статевому і віковому аспектах
Authors: Rutska A. V. , Krynytska I. Ya. , Marushchak M. I.
Published: January 2018

Introduction. The widespread prevalence of tobacco smoking is a global problem of humanity, the solution of which is directed at the efforts of many scientists and professionals. At the same time, the distinctive feature of modern food technologies is the use of nutritional supplements. One of the most common nutritional supplements in Ukraine and in Europe is glutamate sodium (E621), which is not always safe for human health.The aim of the study – to investigate indices of free radical oxidation in rats during “passive tobacco smoking” on the basis of prolonged administration of monosodium glutamate in the sex and age aspects.Research Methods. The study was conducted on 160 white, non-linear, sexually mature and sexually immature rats of both sexes. Each group of animals was divided into four subgroups: I – control; ІІ – rats, which were modeled “passive tobacco smoking”; ІІІ – rats, which were given glutamate of sodium; IV – rats, which were modeled "passive tobacco smoking" against the background of the introduction of glutamate sodium.Results and Discussion. Under the condition of «passive tobacco smoking» there is a pronounced increase in the TBА-active products (TBА-AP)content both in serum and in the lung tissue homogenate. In male-rats, this indicator has significantly increased by 3.3 and 4.2 times, respectively, and in female-rats – by 3.9 and 5.2 times, respectively. Given the prolonged administration of sodium glutamate in male-rats, this indicator significantly increased by 1.6 and 2.1 times, and in females-rats by 19.6 % and 53.9% respectively. In animals, which were modeled «passive tobacco smoking» and administered glutamate sodium, the most pronounced increase in the content of TBА-AP was established. In male-rats, this indicator has increased significantly in 4.9 and 6.8 times, and in female-rats – by 6.5 and 8.9 times, respectively.Conclusions. Under the condition of «passive tobacco smoking» intensification of peroxide oxidation of lipids (increase in the content of TBА-active products) in blood and lung tissue is observed, more pronounced under the condition of “passive tobacco smoking” against the background of the introduction of glutamate sodium. In the sexual comparison of changes in the system of lipid peroxidation, their reliable prevalence in female-rats was revealed. With the age-old comparison of changes in the system of lipid peroxidation, their reliable prevalence in immature animals has been established.
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality
Authors: Hamer Mark , O’Donovan Gary , Stamatakis Emmanuel
Published: January 2018

Objective—

The objective of this study was to examine the shape of the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and mortality in a large general population sample.

Approach and Results—

Adult participants (n=37 059; age=57.7±11.9 years; 46.8% men) were recruited from general population household-based surveys (Health Survey for England and Scottish Health Survey). Individual participant data were linked with the British National Health Service Central Registry to record mortality. There were 2250 deaths from all causes during 326 016 person-years of follow-up. When compared with the reference category (HDL-C=1.5–1.99 mmol/L), a U-shaped association was apparent for all-cause mortality, with elevated risk in participants with the lowest (hazard ratio=1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.06, 1.44) and highest (1.25; 0.97, 1.62) HDL-C concentration. Associations for cardiovascular disease were linear, and elevated risk was observed in those with the lowest HDL-C concentration (1.49; 1.15, 1.94).

Conclusions—

A U-shaped association was observed between HDL-C and mortality in a large general population sample.
Prognostic Value of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Carluccio Erberto , Biagioli Paolo , Alunni Gianfranco , Murrone Adriano , Zuchi Cinzia , Coiro Stefano , Riccini Clara , Mengoni Anna , D’Antonio Antonella , Ambrosio Giuseppe
Published: January 2018

Background—

In heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction, right ventricular (RV) impairment, as defined by reduced tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, is a predictor of poor outcome. However, peak longitudinal strain of RV free wall (RVFWS) has been recently proposed as a more accurate and sensitive tool to evaluate RV function. Accordingly, we investigated whether RVFWS could help refine prognosis of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction in whom tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion is still preserved.

Methods and Results—

A total of 200 patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (age, 66±11 years; ejection fraction, 30±7%) with preserved tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (>16 mm) underwent RV function assessment using speckle-tracking echocardiography to measure peak RVFWS. After a median follow-up period of 28 months, 62 (31%) patients reached the primary composite end point of all-cause death/HF rehospitalization. Median RVFWS was −19.3% (interquartile range, −23.3% to −15.0%). By lasso-penalized Cox-hazard model, RVFWS was an independent predictor of outcome, along with Eplerenone in Mild Patients Hospitalization and Survival Study in Heart Failure-HF score, Echo-HF score, and severe mitral regurgitation. The best cutoff value of RVFWS for prediction of outcome was −15.3% (area under the curve, 0.68;
P
<0.001; sensitivity, 50%; specificity, 80%). In 50 patients (25%), RVFWS was impaired (ie, ≥−15.3%); event rate (per 100 patients per year) was greater in them than in patients with RVFWS <−15.3% (29.5% [95% confidence interval, 20.4–42.7] versus 9.4% [95% confidence interval, 6.7–13.1];
P
<0.001). RVFWS yielded a significant net reclassification improvement (0.584 at 3 years;
P
<0.001), with 68% of nonevents correctly reclassified.

Conclusions—

In patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction with preserved tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV free-wall strain provides incremental prognostic information and improved risk stratification.
Risk of Suicide Attempt in Poststroke Patients: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Harnod Tomor , Lin Cheng‐Li , Kao Chia‐Hung
Published: January 2018

Background

This nationwide population‐based cohort study evaluated the risk of and risk factors for suicide attempt in poststroke patients in Taiwan.

Methods and Results

The poststroke and nonstroke cohorts consisted of 713 690 patients and 1 426 009 controls, respectively. Adults (aged >18 years) who received new stroke diagnoses according to the
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM
; codes 430–438) between 2000 and 2011 were included in the poststroke cohort. We calculated the adjusted hazard ratio for suicide attempt (
ICD‐9‐CM
codes E950–E959) after adjustment for age, sex, monthly income, urbanization level, occupation category, and various comorbidities. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to measure the cumulative incidence of suicide attempt, and the Fine and Gray method was used as a competing event when estimating death subhazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals between groups. The cumulative incidence of suicide attempt was higher in the poststroke cohort, and the adjusted hazard ratio of suicide attempt was 2.20 (95% confidence interval, 2.04–2.37) compared with that of the controls. The leading risk factors for poststroke suicide attempt were earning low monthly income (<660 US dollars), living in less urbanized regions, doing manual labor, and having a stroke before age 50 years. The attempted suicide risk did not differ significantly between male and female patients in this study.

Conclusions

These results convey crucial information to clinicians and governments for preventing suicide attempt in poststroke patients in Taiwan and other Asian countries.
Rec.: Anna Niepytalska-Osiecka, Socjolekt polskich alpinistów. Analiza leksykalno-semantyczna słownictwa, Wydawnictwo LIBRON – Filip Lohner, Kraków 2014, ss. 286
Authors: Jarosz Beata
Published: January 2018

Review: Anna Niepytalska-Osiecka, Socjolekt polskich alpinistów. Analiza leksykalnosemantyczna słownictwa, Wydawnictwo LIBRON – Filip Lohner, Kraków 2014, 286 pp.The article is a review of Anna Niepytalska-Osiecka’s book Socjolekt polskich alpinistów. Analiza leksykalno-semantyczna słownictwa (The sociolect of Polish mountaineers. A lexical and semantic analysis of the vocabulary). First, the text summarizes the subject matter of this monograph, devoted to a hitherto undescribed variety of the Polish language. It then goes on to characterize the composition of the book and its methodology. Finally, some problematic points are indicated – concerning, among other things, the classification of the language variety analyzed or the development of its vocabulary – and alternative lexical and semantic solutions are suggested. Rec.: Anna Niepytalska-Osiecka, Socjolekt polskich alpinistów. Analiza leksykalno-semantyczna słownictwa, Wydawnictwo LIBRON – Filip Lohner, Kraków 2014, ss. 286Artykuł stanowi recenzję książki Anny Niepytalskiej-Osieckiej pt. Socjolekt polskich alpinistów. Analiza leksykalno-semantyczna słownictwa. W tekście przybliżono zawartą w monografii problematykę poświęconą nieopisanemu dotychczas wariantowi polszczyzny oraz scharakteryzowano zastosowane rozwiązania kompozycyjne i analityczne. Wskazano również punkty dyskusyjne dotyczące m.in. klasyfikacji opisywanego wariantu polszczyzny czy procesu kształtowania się jego zasobu słownego, a także zasugerowano alternatywne rozstrzygnięcia leksykalno-semantyczne.