bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a mobile safety center's impact on pediatric home safety knowledge and device use
Authors: Furman Leah , Strotmeyer Stephen , Vitale Christine , Gaines Barbara A.
Published: June 2020

Background

A Mobile Safety Center (MSC) is designed to remove financial accessibility barriers to home safety by providing education and safety devices within local communities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an MSC on pediatric home safety knowledge and device use.

Methods

We conducted a prospective home safety interventional study. Parents and grandparents with children at home were recruited at community events attended by the MSC. Participants completed a pre-test survey assessing demographics and current home safety knowledge, practices, and device use. Participants then attended the MSC’s short home safety educational program. Afterwards, participants completed a knowledge reassessment post-test and were offered free safety devices: a smoke detector, a gun lock, and a childproofing kit comprising outlet covers, doorknob covers, and cabinet latches. We administered two follow-up surveys four weeks and six months after visiting the MSC. Descriptive statistics, Friedman tests, Wilcoxon Sum-Rank tests, and Pearson Chi-Square were used to assess respondent demographic characteristics and changes in home safety knowledge, practices, and device use.

Results

We recruited 50 participants, of whom 29 (58%) completed follow-up 1, 30 (60%) completed follow-up 2, and 26 (52%) completed both. Participants who completed both follow-ups increased total correct answers to safety knowledge questions between the pre-test and post-test (p = 0.005), pre-test and follow-up 1 (p = 0.003), and pre-test and follow-up 2 (p = 0.012) with no significant changes between the post-test, follow-up 1, and follow-up 2. Of the respondents who reported accepting safety products, outlet covers were used most frequently, followed by the smoke detector, doorknob covers, cabinet latches, and the gun lock.

Conclusions

The MSC may be an effective means of increasing home safety among families with children, as participation in the MSC’s home safety educational program significantly increased home safety knowledge and spurred home safety device use. Implementation of MSCs could potentially reduce childhood injury rates within communities through promotion of home safety.
Simulation reduces navigational errors in cerebral angiography training
Authors: Zaika Oleksiy , Boulton Mel , Eagleson Roy , de Ribaupierre Sandrine
Published: June 2020

Background

Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is growing as a powerful aid in delivering proficient skills training in many specialties. Cerebral angiography (CA), a spatially and navigationally challenging endovascular procedure, can benefit from SBME by training targetable skills outside of the Angiosuite. In order to standardize and specify training requirements, navigational challenges and needs have to be identified. Furthermore, to enable successful adoption of these strategies, simulation adoption barriers, such as necessity of supervisory resources, must be reduced. In this study, we assessed the navigational challenges in simulated CA through a self-guided novice training program.

Methods

Novice participants (n = 14) received virtual reality (ANGIO Mentor, Simbionix) diagnostic cerebral angiography training and were tested on a right middle cerebral artery aneurysm case over 8 sessions with a reference instructional outline. The navigational trajectories for the guidewire and catheter were analyzed and rates in erroneous vessel access were analyzed. Participants were given a Mental Rotations Test (MRT) and were analyzed based on MRT performance.

Results

After 8 sessions, there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction on navigational error prevalence. The L-SUB and L-CCA saw the biggest drop in erroneous access, whereas the R-ECA, the biggest consumer of error time, saw no changes in access frequency. Individuals with high MRT score performed much better (p < 0.05) than those with low MRT score.

Conclusions

Through self-guided simulation training, we demonstrated the navigational challenges encountered in simulated CA. To establish better assessments and standards in medical training, we can create self-guided training curricula aimed at correcting errors, enabling repetitive practice, and reducing human resource needs.
Explicit coupling of acoustic and elastic wave propagation in finite-difference simulations
Authors: Gao Longfei , Keyes David
Published: June 2020

We present a mechanism to explicitly couple the finite-difference discretizations of 2D acoustic and isotropic elastic-wave systems that are separated by straight interfaces. Such coupled simulations allow for the application of the elastic model to geological regions that are of special interest for seismic exploration studies (e.g., the areas surrounding salt bodies), with the computationally more tractable acoustic model still being applied in the background regions. Specifically, the acoustic wave system is expressed in terms of velocity and pressure while the elastic wave system is expressed in terms of velocity and stress. Both systems are posed in first-order forms and are discretized on staggered grids. Special variants of the standard finite-difference operators, namely, operators that possess the summation-by-parts property, are used for the approximation of spatial derivatives. Penalty terms, which are also referred to as the simultaneous approximation terms, are designed to weakly impose the elastic-acoustic interface conditions in the finite-difference discretizations and couple the elastic and acoustic wave simulations together. With the presented mechanism, we are able to perform the coupled elastic-acoustic wave simulations stably and accurately. Moreover, it is shown that the energy-conserving property in the continuous systems can be preserved in the discretized systems with carefully designed penalty terms.
Enteroendocrine Dynamics – New Tools Reveal Hormonal Plasticity in the Gut
Authors: Beumer Joep , Gehart Helmuth , Clevers Hans
Published: June 2020

The recent intersection of enteroendocrine cell biology with single-cell technologies and novel in vitro model systems has generated a tremendous amount of new data. Here we highlight these recent developments and explore how these findings contribute to the understanding of endocrine lineages in the gut. In particular, the concept of hormonal plasticity, the ability of endocrine cells to produce different hormones over the course of their lifetime, challenges the classic notion of cell types. Enteroendocrine cells travel in the course of their life through different signaling environments that directly influence their hormonal repertoire. In this context, we examine how enteroendocrine cell fate is determined and modulated by signaling molecules such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) or location along the gastrointestinal tract. We analyze advantages and disadvantages of novel in vitro tools, adult stem cell or iPS-derived intestinal organoids, that have been crucial for recent findings on enteroendocrine development and plasticity. Finally, we illuminate the future perspectives of the field and discuss how understanding enteroendocrine plasticity can lead to new therapeutic approaches.
Behavioral and physiological evidence that increasing group size ameliorates the impacts of social disturbance
Authors: Anderson Hannah M. , Little Alexander G. , Fisher David N. , McEwen Brendan L. , Culbert Brett M. , Balshine Sigal , Pruitt Jonathan N.
Published: June 2020

Intra-group social stability is important for the long-term productivity and health of social organisms. We evaluated the effect of group size on group stability in the face of repeated social perturbations using a cooperatively breeding fish, Neolamprologus pulcher. In a laboratory study, we compared both the social and physiological responses of individuals from small versus large groups to the repeated removal and replacement of the most dominant group member (the breeder male), either with a new male (treatment condition) or with the same male (control condition). Individuals living in large groups were overall more resistant to instability but were seemingly slower to recover from perturbation. Members of small groups were more vulnerable to instability but recovered faster. Breeder females in smaller groups also showed greater physiological preparedness for instability following social perturbations. In sum, we discover both behavioral and physiological evidence that living in larger groups helps to dampen the impacts of social instability in this system.
ABC transporters in gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Kropf Christian , Fent Karl , Fischer Stephan , Casanova Ayako , Segner Helmut
Published: June 2020

Fish gills are a structurally and functionally complex organ at the interface between organism and the aquatic environment. Gill functions include the transfer of organic molecules, both natural ones and xenobiotic compounds. Whether the branchial exchange of organic molecules involves active transporters is currently not known. Here, we investigated the presence, diversity, and functional activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in gills of juvenile rainbow trout. By means of RT-qPCR, gene transcripts of members from the abcb, abcc and abcg subfamilies were identified. Comparisons with mRNA profiles from trout liver and kidney revealed that ABC transporters known for an apical localization in polarized epithelia, especially abcc2 and abcb1 were underrepresented in the gills. In contrast, ABC transporters with mainly basolateral localization showed comparable gene transcript levels in the three organs. The most prominent ABC transporter in gills was an abcb subfamily member, which was annotated as abcb5 based on the synteny and phylogeny. Functional in vivo assays pointed to a role of branchial ABC transporters in branchial solute exchange. We further assessed the utility of primary gill cell cultures to characterize transporter-mediated branchial exchange of organic molecules, we examined ABC transporter gene transcript patterns and functional activity in primary cultures. The cultures display functional transport activity, but the ABC mRNA expression patterns were different to those of the intact gills. Overall, the findings of this study provide evidence for the presence of functional ABC transporter activity in gills of fish.
Flight activity and glycogen depletion on a low-carbohydrate diet
Authors: Winwood-Smith Hugh S. , White Craig R. , Franklin Craig E.
Published: June 2020

Glycogen is a critical store for locomotion. Depleted glycogen stores are associated with increased fatigue during exercise. The reduced effectiveness of low-carbohydrate diets for weight loss over longer time periods may arise because such diets reduce glycogen stores and thereby physical activity energy expenditure. To explore the effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on activity and glycogen utilisation, we fed adult Drosophila melanogaster a standard or low-carbohydrate diet for nine days and measured patterns of flight activity and rates of glycogen depletion. We hypothesised that flight activity and rates of glycogen depletion would be reduced on a low-carbohydrate diet. Flight activity was elevated in the low-carbohydrate group but glycogen depletion rates were unchanged. We conclude that increased activity is likely a foraging response to carbohydrate deficiency and speculate that the previously demonstrated metabolic depression that occurs on a low-carbohydrate diet in this species may allow for increased flight activity without increased glycogen depletion.
A hybrid deep clustering approach for robust cell type profiling using single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Srinivasan Suhas , Leshchyk Anastasia , Johnson Nathan T. , Korkin Dmitry
Published: June 2020

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a recent technology that enables fine-grained discovery of cellular subtypes and specific cell states. Analysis of scRNA-seq data routinely involves machine learning methods, such as feature learning, clustering, and classification, to assist in uncovering novel information from scRNA-seq data. However, current methods are not well suited to deal with the substantial amount of noise that is created by the experiments or the variation that occurs due to differences in the cells of the same type. To address this, we developed a new hybrid approach, deep unsupervised single-cell clustering (DUSC), which integrates feature generation based on a deep learning architecture by using a new technique to estimate the number of latent features, with a model-based clustering algorithm, to find a compact and informative representation of the single-cell transcriptomic data generating robust clusters. We also include a technique to estimate an efficient number of latent features in the deep learning model. Our method outperforms both classical and state-of-the-art feature learning and clustering methods, approaching the accuracy of supervised learning. We applied DUSC to a single-cell transcriptomics data set obtained from a triple-negative breast cancer tumor to identify potential cancer subclones accentuated by copy-number variation and investigate the role of clonal heterogeneity. Our method is freely available to the community and will hopefully facilitate our understanding of the cellular atlas of living organisms as well as provide the means to improve patient diagnostics and treatment.
Differences in dental arch characteristics between genders in patients with suspected condylar hyperplasia in a North Sumatra subpopulation: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sofyanti Ervina , Boel Trelia , Satria Denny , Ritonga Zuriyah Fionita , Hasibuan Indah Hafniar
Published: June 2020

Background: Condylar Hyperplasia (CH) is a self-limiting mandibular condyle disorder that shows asymmetry progress in conjunction with associated occlusal changes as long as condylar growth is still active and leads to facial asymmetry. This study aimed to analysis the difference of dental arch characteristics  based on genders in orthodontic patients with suspected CH in a North Sumatra subpopulation.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of suspected CH patient’s clinical records who sought for the initial orthodontic treatment between January 2015 to March 2019. Patient with facial asymmetry (based on photography, posterior crossbite and midline deviation), the positive temporomandibular joint disorder in functional analysis, and no history of facial trauma were included in the study. Dental arch asymmetry was based on the measurement of dental midline deviation, canine tip in the dental arch, the distance of the upper canines from the palatal suture, and inter canine distance. The evaluation of dental arch was achieved by comparing arch width and length.

Results: There was a significant difference (p<0.05) of upper canine distance from the palatal suture in female patients when evaluating upper dental arch asymmetry. There was a moderate correlation (r=0.379) in midline deviation between upper and lower dental arch. The dimension and dental arch form were mid and flat, and there was moderate correlation (r=0.448) between the upper and lower dental arch form in these suspected CH patients.

Conclusion: Indeed skeletal asymmetry, the evaluation of the dental arch characteristic symmetry and arch form showed asymmetric occlusal characteristics in orthodontics patient with suspected  CH in the North Sumatera subpopulation. In treating these patients, we recommend the plaster cast evaluation as essential and routine procedure in order to understand the complexity of occlusal change due to active growth of condylar and limitation in radiography evaluation.
Poikilosis – pervasive biological variation
Authors: Vihinen Mauno
Published: June 2020

Biological systems are dynamic and display heterogeneity at all levels. Ubiquitous heterogeneity, here called for poikilosis, is an integral and important property of organisms and in molecules, systems and processes within them. Traditionally, heterogeneity in biology and experiments has been considered as unwanted noise, here poikilosis is shown to be the normal state. Acceptable variation ranges are called as lagom. Non-lagom, variations that are too extensive, have negative effects, which influence interconnected levels and once the variation is large enough cause a disease and can lead even to death. Poikilosis has numerous applications and consequences e.g. for how to design, analyze and report experiments, how to develop and apply prediction and modelling methods, and in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Poikilosis-aware new and practical definitions are provided for life, death, senescence, disease, and lagom. Poikilosis is the first new unifying theory in biology since evolution and should be considered in every scientific study.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from Urinary Specimens: a study of prevalence, risk factors and molecular mechanisms of resistance (ARGUS) in Zimbabwe – a study protocol
Authors: Olaru Ioana D. , Yeung Shunmay , Ferrand Rashida A. , Stabler Richard , Chonzi Prosper , Mabey David , Hopkins Heidi , Bradley John , Masunda Kudzai P.E. , Munyati Shungu , Kranzer Katharina
Published: June 2020

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is compromising our ability to successfully treat infections. There are few data on gram-negative AMR prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa especially from the outpatient setting. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of and underlying molecular mechanisms for AMR in gram-negative bacilli causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Zimbabwe. Risk factors for AMR and how AMR impacts on clinical outcomes will also be investigated.

Adults presenting with UTI symptoms at primary health clinics in Harare will be included. A questionnaire will be administered, and urine samples will be collected for culture. Participants with positive urine cultures will be followed up at 7-14 days post-enrolment. All participants will also be followed by telephone at 28 days to determine clinical outcomes.

Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing will be performed on positive cultures.

The results from this study will be used to inform policy and development of treatment recommendations. Whole genome sequencing results will provide a better understanding of the prevalent resistance genes in Zimbabwe, of the spread of successful clones, and potentially will contribute to developing strategies to tackle AMR.
When Online Lending Meets Real Estate: Examining Investment Decisions in Lending-Based Real Estate Crowdfunding
Authors: Jiang Yang , Ho Yi-Chun (Chad) , Yan Xiangbin , Tan Yong
Published: June 2020

Lending-based real estate crowdfunding, which involves the use of real estate to secure loans, has emerged as a promising alternative with lower risk than peer-to-peer lending. This study provides insights into understanding how lenders’ investment behavior is shaped by various information in such an emerging market. Using a data set from a large platform over 17 months, the authors find that lenders as a whole prefer loans secured by a borrower’s house to those secured by a mortgage, as reflected in quicker and larger lending transactions. Experienced lenders tend to invest more aggressively, in both time and amount, but exhibit a weaker preference for loans secured by a borrower’s house. A rise in housing prices is associated with quicker lending decisions, and this association is found to be stronger for loans secured by a borrower’s house. When stock market volatility is large, lenders tend to slow down their investments; such a tendency is attenuated for loans secured by a mortgage. The authors suggest that lender heterogeneity in responding to different collateral types should be incorporated into the platform’s design of an automatic transaction or a recommender system. Moreover, platform managers should consider economic conditions at the macro level when deploying their marketing strategy.
Chondrosarcoma of bone in children and adolescents
Authors: Kaneuchi Yoichi , Fujiwara Tomohiro , Tsuda Yusuke , Yoshida Shinichirou , Stevenson Jonathan D. , Abudu Adesegun
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Chondrosarcomas typically present in adults during the fifth to seventh decades and are rare in young patients. The biological behaviour and oncological outcomes may be different in children and adolescents.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of all patients with chondrosarcoma of bone who were younger than 18 years of age at the time of diagnosis and were treated at our centre between 1995 and 2018.

Results

The 15 consecutive patients studied included nine male and six female cases, with a mean age at diagnosis of 13 years (7 to 17). The median follow-up was 117 months (30 to 277). The tumours were primary and secondary in ten and five patients, respectively. The tumours were central in 13 and surface in two patients. The tumour locations were the humerus in five, digits in five, femur in three, radius in one and pelvis in one patient. The histological grades were grade I in seven, grade II in seven and grade III in one patient. The surgical treatments were limb salvage in ten patients and ray amputation in five patients. The surgical margins were wide in eight, marginal in two and intralesional in five patients. All the patients were alive and continuously free of disease at the time of the last follow-up. No patient developed metastases or local recurrence.

Conclusion

Chondrosarcoma of bone in children and adolescent patients has a very good prognosis and is less aggressive compared with published outcomes in older patients.

Level of evidence

IV
Aspectos Críticos na Aprendizagem pela Ação: Resultados da Integração entre Universidade e Startups Catarinenses
Authors: Lacerda Rogério Tadeu de Oliveira , Bernardes Mayara Lucia , Simon Bianca dos Santos
Published: June 2020

Este artigo visa evidenciar os fatores críticos na aplicação de um método de aprendizagem pela ação em um projeto de extensão na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Os procedimentos práticos propostos pelo projeto são baseados na abordagem construtivista de aprendizagem. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa para coleta de dados, sendo o método aplicado de estudo de caso. Como resultados, foi possível observar alguns fenômenos quanto ao comportamento dos alunos, a busca de uma solução ótima e genérica de problemas a partir da literatura científica ou de exemplos semelhantes. Outro aspecto observado foi o entendimento, por parte dos alunos que a organização interna e o gerenciamento de aprendizado são mais importantes do que a solução técnica em si. A singularidade do problema de startup, aliada à limitação de fatos e dados, levou o grupo a decidir mais sobre estudos in loco na startup do que em pesquisas bibliográficas genéricas sobre o problema. Como implicações práticas desta pesquisa destaca-se a contribuição para educadores e facilitadores que lidam com problemas de natureza incerta e dinâmica.
A XP e o Itaú Unibanco: dos Produtos de Investimento a Desbancarização
Authors: Beal Partyka Raul , Lana Jeferson , Marcon Rosilene
Published: June 2020

Este caso para ensino apresenta a narrativa da aquisição da XP Investimentos pelo Itaú Unibanco. O banco ofertou a compra da XP Investimentos. Este movimento ocorreu pouco antes da corretora pedir o registro para realizar seu IPO (Oferta Inicial de Ações, sigla em inglês) na bolsa de valores brasileira (B3). O objetivo do estudo é impulsionar as discussões da operação de aquisição para os temas de estrutura de governança e a teoria dos custos de transação em meio a inovação tecnológica no mercado financeiro brasileiro. Pelo lado da XP o plano era claro: em uma tacada só, ficar com o ativo e eliminar um concorrente, podendo agora não apenas sonhar em ser o maior grupo de investimentos do Brasil. Já para o Itaú Unibanco – maior player do mercado - passa a ter a carteira da XP pronta e elimina um concorrente que lhe tirava market share. O caso indica discussões sobre a lógica por trás da aquisição da XP pelo Itaú Unibanco. Ainda, permite indagar se não seria capaz o maior banco do Brasil, desenvolver tais capacidades adquiridas da corretora, além de questionar se as capacidades internalizadas da XP são tão valiosas a ponto de tamanho investimento.
High light efficiency snapshot spectral imaging via spatial multiplexing and spectral mixing
Authors: Zhang Maoqing , Wang Lizhi , Zhang Lei , Huang Hua
Published: June 2020

Computational photography has been striving to capture the spectral information of the dynamic world in the last few decades. However, due to the curse of dimensionality between the 3D spectral images and the 2D imaging sensors, light-blocking components, e.g., bandpass filters or coded apertures, have to be used in spectral imaging systems to project the 3D signal into 2D measurements selectively. Accordingly, computational reconstruction is integrated to recover the underlying 3D signal. Thus, these systems suffer from low light efficiency and high computational burden, both of which cannot afford dynamic spectral imaging. In this paper, we propose a novel snapshot spectral imaging system that can dynamically capture the spectral images. The system is composed of a lens array, a notch filter array, and a monochrome camera in principle. Incoming light beams from the scene are spatially multiplexed by the lens array, spectrally mixed by the notch filter array, and captured by the monochrome camera. The two distinct characteristics, i.e., spatial multiplexing and spectral mixing, guarantee the advantages of low computational burden and high light efficiency, respectively. We further build a prototype system according to the imaging principles. The system can record two kinds of images in a single snapshot: bandstop multispectral images and a panchromatic image, which are used jointly to recover the bandpass multispectral images at few computational costs. Moreover, the proposed system is friendly with spectral super-resolution, for which we develop a theoretical demonstration. Both simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Análisis de las diferencias entre instalaciones de depuración: evidencia para la Comunidad Valenciana
Authors: García López Marcos , Montaño Sanz Borja
Published: June 2020

La presente investigación examina la situación actual de la depuración de aguas residuales en la Comunidad Valenciana de España con el objetivo de obtener información relevante para mejorar la gestión de las plantas y estudiar la viabilidad de la implantación de tratamiento terciario en lugares donde no se disponga de él. Los resultados obtenidos mediante técnicas de agrupación muestran la importancia del tamaño de la planta sobre los costes, pues en el análisis se puede observar el menor coste unitario soportado por las plantas de mayor tamaño debido a la presencia de economías de escala. Además, los rendimientos de eliminación de agentes contaminantes, el aprovechamiento de la capacidad instalada y la presencia de tratamiento terciario se muestran relevantes de cara a explicar las diferencias existentes entre plantas, de modo que los resultados obtenidos son de gran interés para el diseño y la gestión de las plantas de depuración. Por último, este estudio supone un incentivo para la obtención de información, pues muestra el gran margen de mejora existente en la realización de esta actividad.
Tipologías nutricionales en población infantil menor de 5 años de la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador
Authors: Ramos-Padilla Patricio , Delgado-López Verónica , Villavicencio-Barriga Verónica , Carpio-Arias Tannia
Published: June 2020

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer tipologías nutricionales de niños y niñas menores de 5 años de edad. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional. Se estudiaron 6.040 niños y niñas menores de 5 años (2.955 hombres y 3.085 mujeres) atendidos en las unidades operativas de la Dirección Provincial de Salud de Chimborazo durante el año 2013. Las variables estudiadas fueron: zona geográfica, edad, sexo, peso, longitud/talla, lactancia materna y suplementación con Hierro y Vitamina A. Para el diagnóstico del estado nutricional se utilizó los indicadores antropométricos: talla para edad (T//E) é índice de masa corporal para edad (IMC//E), los puntos de corte que se utilizaron para el diagnóstico del estado nutricional fueron de la OMS-2006. Los datos se analizaron utilizando los programas Anthro v1.0.4 y JMP v11. Se realizó un análisis univariable y luego un análisis multivariable por cluster con el método K means para establecer tipologías nutricionales. Resultados: La prevalencia de retardo en talla fue de 36,8 % y la prevalencia exceso de peso fue de 6.3 %. El cluster (conglomerado) 3 presenta las siguientes características; menor T//E, mayor IMC//E, menor edad, menor tiempo de lactancia exclusiva, menor edad de destete, mediana prescripción de hierro y Vitamina A. Este cluster representa el 54,95 % de los niños y niñas. Conclusión: El cluster 3 es el de mayor importancia para el apoyo y vigilancia nutricional.
Promoción de alimentación saludable en restaurantes: investigación cualitativa de estudio de casos colombianos
Authors: Díaz-Beltrán Mónica Del Pilar , Caicedo-Ortiz Paula Natalia
Published: June 2020

Introducción: La alimentación fuera de casa se ha identificado como uno de los factores que contribuye a la aparición de enfermedades no transmisibles, lo que constituye un problema de salud pública mundial. En este contexto, el presente estudio exploró cómo los restaurantes promocionan alimentación saludable.Material y métodos: La investigación fue de tipo cualitativo con un diseño basado en el estudio de casos. Se incluyeron 68 establecimientos pertenecientes al Top 100 de restaurantes con mayores ventas en Colombia, ubicados en la ciudad capital. Se realizó observación y revisión documental de contenidos dispuestos por dichos restaurantes en su página web, redes sociales oficiales y menú web entre abril de 2016 y febrero de 2017. El análisis de la información fue realizado para atributos en Epiinfo 7.2 y para información categorizada con el programa Nvivo 11.0Resultados: De los 68 restaurantes, ocho declararon el desarrollo de acciones de alimentación saludable como parte de su concepto de negocio; no obstante, otros 25 establecimientos también emprendieron acciones en el tema. En mayor medida, se encontró que los restaurantes promocionan alimentación saludable por medio de la oferta de verduras, o por medio de mensajes, en redes sociales, promocionando sus platos saludables.Conclusiones: Sería beneficioso una aproximación más integral en referencia a la promoción de alimentación saludable en restaurantes. Esto no solo en términos de la oferta, sino también de aquellos mecanismos que persuaden elecciones saludables. Al explorar fueron escasos lo resultados sobre estrategias de precios, campañas o información nutricional. Los resultados expuestos son un aporte al reconocimiento de las características de los ambientes alimentarios colombianos, dada la escasa información al respecto y la necesidad de trabajo en este tema con el sector de la restauración.
Menemukan Kekhasan Kajian Sosial Keagamaan pada Program Studi Sosiologi Agama di UIN Sunan Kalijaga
Authors: Soehadha Moh
Published: June 2020

Sosiologi Agama, merupakan disiplin baru di dalam disiplin religious studies, yang menitikberatkan pada perubahan-perubahan masyarakat agama. Sampai saat ini, diakui bahwa sosiologi agama, masih mencari bentuk yang khas di dalam metodologi. Agama itu tidak hanya sebatas agama sebagai dogma dan sisi normatifitasnya belaka (model for), namun juga memahami bagaimana interpretasi suatu masyarakat tertentu terhadap agama itu, terkait dengan realitas sosialnya (model of). Karakter demikian memerlukan metodologi yang khas.Kata Kunci: model of, model for
IMPLEMENTASI RESOLUSI MICRO CONFLICT BERBASIS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION (Studi Peran Mediasi di Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Perempuan dan Anak Korban Kekerasan ‘Rekso Dyah Utami’ Yogyakarta)
Authors: Evirianti Linda
Published: June 2020

Humans are social beings formed by mutual interests within the scope of the community. In relation to such reciprocity, social phenomena often arise in the form of violence or conflict arising from the existence of different interests, so that with the emergence of conflicts or disputes, the law plays an important role in resolving these conflicts, especially acts of violence against women and children. Through the Rekso Dyah Utami agency, there is an effort to minimize an act of violence. The way it is done is through the assistance of mediators in resolving cases that occurred at Integrated Service Center for Women and Children of Violence Victims (P2TPAKK) Rekso Dyah Utami through mediation practice.Keywords: communication transaction (transactional analysis), mediation, mediator.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI FKUB DALAM MEMELIHARA KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Kontiarta I Wayan , Panuju Redi
Published: June 2020

The consequences of several Bomb incidents that allegedly carried out by terrorists who hide behind certain religions have led to the emergence of mutual prejudices among the people. Especially in the province of Bali who had experienced the tragedy of the explosion Bomb twice from two thousand two to two thousand five. The notion that the atmosphere among religious life is threatened by religious prejudices. Moreover, media coverage tends to frame the events of terror is always done by hard-line Islamic groups, it is possible that people at the lower level generalize all Muslims tend to be radical. One institution that seeks communication between religious communities is the Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB), whose existence in the province of Bali is very strategic. This article reviews the communication strategies undertaken by FKUB. The research method used is field research by interviewing FKUB figures as key informants. As a result FKUB's strategy contributes to maintaining community harmony, so that at the grassroots level Balinese people remain harmonious.Keywords: Harmony, Communication Strategy, Audience, Local Media, Indigenous Leaders Akibat dari beberapa peristiwa ledakan Bom yang diduga dilakukan oleh teroris yang berlindung di balik agama tertentu telah menyebabkan munculnya saling prasangka di antara umat. Apalagi di Provinsi Bali yang pernah mengalami tragedi ledakan Bom dua kali dari tahun dua ribu dua hingga dua ribu lima. Dugaan bahwa suasana di antara kehidupan umat beragama terancam oleh prasangka agama. Apalagi pemberitaan media cenderung membingkai peristiwa terror selalu dilakukan oleh kelompok Islam berhaluan keras, sangat mungkin masyarakat di tingkat bawah menggeneralisir semua umat Islam cenderung radikal. Salah lembaga yang mengupayakan komunikasi antar umat beragama adalah Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB), yang keberadaannya di Provinsi Bali sangat strategis. Artikel ini meninjau strategi komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh FKUB. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah riset lapangan dengan mewawancarai tokoh FKUB sebagai informan kuncu. Hasilnya strategi FKUB memberikan kontribusi dalam memelihara kerukunan umat, sehingga di level akar rumput masyarakat Bali tetap harmonis.Kata Kunci : Kerukunan, Strategi Komunikasi, Khalayak, Media lokal, Tokoh Adat
Agama, Kekerasan, dan Kontestasi Politik Elektoral: Penggunaan Simbol Keagamaan Kiai dan Kekuasaan Blater dalam Pertarungan Politik Lokal Madura
Authors: Hannan Abd -
Published: June 2020

Diskursus politik Madura tidak dapat dipisahkan dari praktik dominative, baik yang bersumber dari kelas social, ideology, ataupun symbol keagamaan. Salah satu bentuk praktik dominative yang hingga saat ini mewarnai jalannya politik Madura, ada pada penggunaan sarana keagamaan kiai dan kekuasaan blater. Baik kiai maupun blater, selain berkedudukan sebagai kelas social atas, juga berperan stretgis dalam menentukan peta politik local Madura. Paper ini berjudul, Agama, Kekerasan, dan Kontestasi Politik Elektoral; Penggunaan Simbol Keagamaan Kiai dan Kekuasaan Blater Dalam Pertarungan Politik Lokal Madura. Terdapat tigas isu social uatama yang menjadi focus permasalahan penulisan paper ini, yaitu; dimensi kegamaan kiai, praktik kekerasan blater, dan realitas politik politik electoral. Tiga permasalahan krusial di atas akan dijelaskan sedalam dan serinci mungkin dalam dua kerangka pertanyaan, 1) Bagaimana dinamika kontestasi kepemimpinan local di Madura? 2) Bagaimana dimensi keagamaan kiai dan sarana kekerasan kelompok blater memainkan peran sentral dalam perhelatan politik electoral setempat. Dua pertanyaan tersebut ditujukan untuk menderskripsikan realitas politik electoral Madura, melakukan kajian secara mendalam perihal mobilisasi jaringan kekuasaan kiai dan kelompok blater, kaitannya dengan perebutan kursi kepemimpinan local di Madura. Paper ini merupakan studi kepustakaan yang mendasarkan pada metode kualitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam paper ini adalah data sekunder, khususnya data yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal, dan berbagai hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Adapun teori yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah teori genalogi kekuasaan Michel Foucault. Secara keseluruhan, paper ini memiliki fungsi besar dalam menjelaskan dinamika dan arah sosio-politik Madura ke depan. Khususnya menyangkut peran dan fungsi strategis keagamaan kiai dan kekuasaan blater dalam nenentukan arah politik electoral setempat.
Kontruksi Media Dalam Gerakan Islam Populis 212
Authors: Mujibuddin SM M.
Published: June 2020

This paper studied the movement of Aksi Bela Islam (ABI) which was propagated by the GNPF MUI group to bring down Basuki Tjahaja Purnama from the governor position. This demonstration not only in Jakarta but also the various cities in Indonesia. The involvement of Muslims are influenced by social media. Social media has succeeded in becoming a public sphere for society. Today, society can take a truth from social media. Therefore,  social construction is not only formed from individuals or society but also social media. This research uses literature study with analytical descriptive writing method. This paper uses framing analysis approach and Islam populist. The results of this paper show that social media has an important role in the construction of public awareness. This social construction can be seen with the birth of Islam populist movement 212 which has a goal to reform the bureaucracy in government.Keyword: Social Contruction, Islam Populist, Aksi Bela Islam, Social Media, Post-Truth.
DISKURSUS KONTESTASI AGAMA DAN NEGARA: Reposisi Tauhid Sosial dan Nilai-nilai Pancasila (Kajian terhadap QS. al-Kᾱfirūn dan al-Ikhlᾱs)
Authors: Fajri Nuril
Published: June 2020

Indonesian people are currently experiencing shocks, one of the biggest causes is because of the many differences that cause problems such as blaming each other, truth claim between groups, hostility, crime, even to the belief between fellow believers of Islam that undermine the moral and aqidah of the nation's children. In this case, the QS. Al-Ikhlas and QS. Al-Kafirun contains the concept of Sufism as a cornerstone of social Tauhid teaching to bridge the truth claim between the group. The author also sees the repositioning of social Tauhid and the values of Pancasila as the philosophy of the nation. This type of research is qualitative, with libraries research and paragraph interpretation theory in finding understanding of both relationships. From the study found that the concept of the state could not be released from religion. The existence of the country is a necessity according to religion. Principles of the almighty Godhead and the concept of Tauhid contained in the QS. Al-Kafirun and QS. Al-Ikhlas binds and regulates the relations of Hablum min Allᾱh and Hablum min An-Nᾱs, including issues of plurality of people and principles of Sufism in the context of Indonesia. In the hierarchy structure of Pancasila, the almighty Godhead is the first to be the teaching of Tauhid, and by the principle of Tauhid can educate the morality of the nation and maintain the purity of Tauhid and avoid from the seasonality and unbelief in The context of the Indonesian nation that is peaceful and prosperous.
AGAMA DAN POLITIK: Studi Pemikiran Soekarno tentang Relasi Agama dan Negara
Authors: Aminullah Muhammad Soleh
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the basic state relating to religion and the state. Which of these reforms emerged as a different response between Islamic nationalist groups and secular nationalist groups. Islamic nationalist groups ask for a state based on religion. While secular functionalist groups believe that in the basic formulation of the state, religion must be separated from the state. The first opinion (Islamic nationalists) is based that the majority of Indonesia’s population is Muslim, and conversely the second group holds that Indonesia is a plural state consisting of various groups by wanting Pancasila as the basis of the state. This paper uses descriptive literature study method, meaning that materials are collected from various literatures in order to collect data relating to religious and state relations according to Sukarno. So that it can be understood that the separation of religion and state in Sukarno’s view there are at least three main points. Besides that, Sukarno’s thoughts were also inspired by Kemal Attatur from Turkey and Ali Abdurraziq and other reformers. The separation of religion and state is done for the sake of national unity, bearing in mind that the Indonesian nation is a plural nation. The separation of religion and state in question will not rule out the teachings of Islam, and the building of nationalism in question is not chauvinism, but nationalism which makes Indonesian people become servants of God who live in the spirit and soul of religion.
100% KATOLIK 100% INDONESIA: Suatu Tinjauan Historis Perkembangan Nasionalisme Umat Katolik di Indonesia
Authors: Cipta Samudra Eka
Published: June 2020

Since the arrival of the Portuguese to Indonesia, many missionaries have spread Catholicism in Indonesia. The Maluku region became the beginning of the Catholicsm process in Indonesia, when a Portuguese missionary Francis Xavier came to the largest spice producing region in the world at that time. Previously, the arrival of the Portuguese in Indonesia in addition to their trade also brought religious interests in it. In 1546-1547 when he arrived in Maluku, he had succeeded in baptizing thousands of people also building schools for the indigenous population. When the VOC, which incidentally was a follower of Protestantism, tried to protest the population in the archipelago. They also sought to monopolize religion by mastering Catholic churches from Portuguese Spanish heritage, bearing in mind that in Europe there had been a strong push by Protestants against Catholics so that the impact of the Protestant-Catholic feud reached the Archipelago. Apparently, the era of Colonial Government began to be implemented after the fall of the VOC has had a tremendous impact on the development of Catholicism in Indonesia with the emergence of a spirit ‘'Catholic Awakening Indonesia'’ in line with the period of the emergence of Indonesian movement organizations in achieving Free Indonesia. This is inseparable from the role and emergence of several Indonesian Catholic figures in the political field including Ignasius Kasimo, and M.G.R Soegijapranata, even military fields such as Adi Sucipto and Slamet Riyadi who are among the leaders among Indonesian Catholics who defend for the sake of the nation and state of Indonesia.
Geostrategic Features of Interaction between Kazakhstan and Iran in the Regional and World Aspect: Analysis and Evaluation
Authors: TYULYUBAYEVA Akmaral U. , ABISHEVA Madina M. , TURUNTAYEVA Aikerim A. , JAKUBAYEVA Saltanat T.
Published: June 2020

Kazakhstan and the Islamic Republic of Iran are two states that have common sea borders through the Caspian Sea, two friendly neighbors, successfully developing both bilateral cooperation and cooperation at the regional and international level. The relevance of this study is that today it is advisable to study the foreign policy of not only world powers, but also ‘non-knowing’ countries in order to determine the scenario for the development of relations between the two countries. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate the geostrategic features of the interaction of Kazakhstan and Iran in the regional and global aspects. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the analysis method, which allowed to study the history of relations between Kazakhstan and Iran at different stages. This article attempts to determine the geostrategic features of the interaction between Kazakhstan and Iran in the regional and world aspect analyze and evaluate their bilateral relations.
Legal Implication of Ownership in Common in Roman Private Law and Its Reception by European Jurisdictions
Authors: UTEUBAYEV Timur T. , KIZDARBEKOVA Antonina S.
Published: June 2020

The scientific article deals with the formation of the structure of ownership in common in Roman private law and its further reception by European jurisdictions. It explores the way the imperfect regulations that treated ownership in common as an inevitable exception in the pre-classical period of Roman law evolved into an entirely different approach in its classical period, whereby the key principles of the legal regulations on ownership in common were eventually implemented by the jurisdictions of most European countries. The wide recognition of the norms of Roman private law, which included regulations on ownership in common, affirms the universal character of the structures regulations and structures, which were developed in ancient Rome. These features are also applicable to the concept of ownership in common developed in Roman law.
Judicial Nature of Evidence in Criminal Proceeding
Authors: GMYRKO Valery P. , SHUMYLO Mykola Ye. , VAPNIARCHUK Viacheslav V. , KAPLINA Oksana V. , SHYBIKO Vasily P.
Published: June 2020

The urgency of the problem stated in the article is conditioned by the necessity to determine the legal nature of the evidence in criminal proceedings and the evolution of the views of domestic scientists on this legal phenomenon. The purpose of the article is to consider the legal nature of the evidence in criminal proceedings and to determine their legal structure. The main approach to the study of this problem was to conduct a methodological analysis of the phenomena of ‘concept’ and ‘definition’, on the basis of which it was argued that judicial evidence has no essence, and only the function of being a symbolic representative of a certain factum probans (from Latin – something that should be proved). The publication concludes that the evidence in criminal proceedings is the result of human thinking operations and can be represented by the methodological construction ‘composition of criminal-judicial evidence’, which includes regulatory-procedural, knowledge, fact-finding and judicial-interpretation segments. In addition, the opinion expressed the inappropriateness of fixing evidence in the criminal procedural law and proposed a pragmatic approach to this issue, which is in line with current European jurisprudence. The materials of the article represent both theoretical and practical value. They can be used for further scientific investigation of evidence in criminal proceedings, as well as for a proper understanding and enforcement of law enforcement criminal proceedings.