bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’appropriation du système de contrôle de gestion par le propriétaire-dirigeant de petite entreprise : trois étapes en lien avec le concepteur
Authors: Bernard Odile
Published: May 2019

La création d’un système de contrôle de gestion par un concepteur nécessite ultérieurement une appropriation de la part de l’utilisateur. La grille d’analyse, construite à l’issue de la revue de la littérature, permet de repérer l’étape atteinte dans le processus d’appropriation composé de trois phases séquentielles. Une approche qualitative, par entretiens sur site, est réalisée dans quinze petites entreprises du second oeuvre du bâtiment. Le propriétaire-dirigeant est face à l’option de concevoir son système de contrôle de gestion, d’en externaliser la conception auprès de l’expert-comptable, ou de déléguer, en l’occurrence auprès du métreur. L’étude sur le terrain met en avant l’échec récurrent de cette appropriation lorsque le propriétaire-dirigeant n’est pas lui-même le concepteur, échec suivi de l’abandon du contrôle de gestion. Sont en cause, d’une part, la faiblesse de la communication avec l’expert-comptable en termes de formalisation de la vision pour l’avenir de l’entreprise, d’autre part, l’absence de prise en considération par le métreur de la polyvalence de la gestion. Les préconisations portent sur la faculté du propriétaire-dirigeant à transformer ses schèmes de réflexion ; en effet, la divergence entre le travail du concepteur et l’attente de l’utilisateur crée un déséquilibre potentiellement bénéfique à une évolution.
Pratique, formation et recherche : l’espoir d’un dialogue
Authors: St-Arnaud Yves
Published: May 2019

Les termes science-action et praxéologie désignent une nouvelle approche qui, depuis vingt ans, contribue à renouveler les rapports entre la pratique, la formation et la recherche. L’analyse des difficultés rencontrées par des centaines de praticiens qui se sont initiés à la méthode de réflexion-sur-l’action, dans une démarche de praxéologie, conduit à la découverte d’un facteur important pour expliquer les difficultés du dialogue entre la pratique, la formation et la recherche : l’absence d’un discours valide sur la pratique. Quatre difficultés majeures que rencontrent les praticiens qui veulent nommer ce qu’ils font réellement, dans leur pratique, sont présentées et analysées. Suit une discussion quant aux conséquences pour le dialogue recherché.
Facteurs personnels, scolaires et familiaux différenciant les garçons en problèmes de comportement du secondaire qui ont décroché ou non de l’école
Authors: Fortin Laurier , Marcotte Diane , Royer Égide , Potvin Pierre
Published: May 2019

L’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier les facteurs personnels, familiaux et scolaires différenciant les élèves en problèmes de comportement décrocheurs et non décrocheurs. Les participants sont 360 élèves du secondaire provenant d’une étude longitudinale sur les difficultés d’adaptation sociale et scolaire. Ils ont été évalués sur un très grand nombre de variables personnelles, familiales et scolaires à partir de leur première secondaire. Au cours des cinq années du secondaire, 150 élèves ont présenté des problèmes de comportement et 45 d’entre eux ont décroché à l’âge de 20 ans. Les résultats montrent que les élèves en problèmes du comportement décrocheurs se différencient de ceux non décrocheurs sur plusieurs variables personnelles (coopération), familiales (encadrement) et scolaires (réussite scolaire, attitudes des enseignants).
« Le sentiment dont nous parlons »
Authors: Thomson Clive
Published: May 2019

Georges Hérelle (1848-1935) est bien connu, de son vivant, pour ses excellentes traductions en français de l’oeuvre de l’écrivain italien Gabriele D’Annunzio et pour ses travaux d’érudition sur le théâtre populaire basque. Dans notre étude récente, Georges Hérelle : archéologue de l’inversion sexuelle « fin de siècle » (Paris, Éditions du Félin, 2014), nous avons insisté sur l’important rôle qu’il a joué comme historien et surtout archiviste de l’homosexualité, en examinant son journal intime, ses notes de voyage, ses albums de photographies et ses manuscrits inédits. Se caractérisant comme « timide et un peu sauvage », Hérelle avoue, dans son journal intime, « sa crainte d’être indiscret ». Il décide, très jeune, de mener une double vie. Dans le contexte de sa longue carrière de professeur de philosophie, il conserve l’image publique d’un homme convenable et modeste. C’est une question de survie, dit-il, parce qu’il est entouré d’une société extrêmement hostile et intolérante. Par ailleurs, il fréquente discrètement dans sa vie privée un tout petit groupe d’amis homosexuels. Dans l’article présent, nous abordons un nouvel objet d’étude, à savoir les lettres des années 1860 et 1870 qu’Hérelle a adressées à Paul Bourget et à d’autres amis intimes. Hérelle et ses amis se racontent les menus détails de leur vie quotidienne, mais aussi leurs aventures amoureuses, pensées intimes et ambitions littéraires. Ces jeunes gens sont à la recherche d’un langage qui leur permettrait de décrire avec précision la nature de leurs sentiments amoureux. Notre analyse révèle une image singulièrement riche de la vie homosexuelle à un moment historique précis – les premières années de la Troisième République – pour lequel il existe très peu de témoignages autobiographiques d’homosexuels.
Creación de una animación infantil basada en el cuento Federito, el trébol de cuatro hojas
Authors: Marín Donate Dolores
Published: May 2019

En la actualidad, la FEDER dispone de un cuento infantil en formato de papel llamado Federito, el trébol de cuatro hojas. Los representantes de dicha federación encargaron su animación, una gran oportunidad para realizar el trabajo final de grado. El trabajo consistía en realizar una animación y se utilizaron: las ilustraciones del cuento original, una banda sonora, una voz en off (que relataba la historia de ese cuento original) y otros sonidos extras.
SPORAZUMI O DISTRIBUCIJI ROBE I NJIHOVO DEJSTVO NA KONKURENCIJU
Authors: ZINDOVIĆ Ilija
Published: May 2019

U radu se analizira uticaj sporazuma o distribuciji robe na konkurenciju. Pored teorijskog razmatranja analiziraju se pozitivna uporedno – pravna rješenja kao i sudska praksa i praksa upravnih organa iz ovog domena. Funkcionalnost ovih sporazuma uticala je na njihovu sve masovniju primjenu u praksi. Ipak, može se zaključiti da ovakvi sporazumi stvaraju i pozitivne i negativne efekte. Pozitivni efekti se ogledaju u tome što potrošači dobijaju kvalitetnije i dodatne usluge. To pospješuje konkurenciju između proizvođača različitih proizivoda, ali iste namjene. Negativnost ovih sporazuma ogleda se u umanjivanju konkurencije između prodavaca istog proizvoda. To ukazuje da je status ovih sporazuma osjetljiv. Stoga se u pravnim sistemima regulisanje ovih sporazuma vrši u skladu sa posljedicama koje oni mogu proizvesti na tržištu.
VEBEROVA TEORIJA VLASTI
Authors: DEČKOVIĆ Samra
Published: May 2019

Maks Veber jedan je od najvećih naučnika na polju društvenih nau-ka, a naročito sociologije. Njegov uticaj na sociologiju je dalekosežan, posebno u proučavanju društvene stratifikacije, političke, urbane i ruralne sociologije, te sociologije kulture. Smatra se i osnivačem strukturalne sociologije, zbog interesa za stratifikaciju i institucije, te sociologije djelovanja. Razumijevanju racionaliza-cije i sekularizacije u modernom zapadnom društvu Veber je značajno doprinio i time doveo do razvoja kritičke teorije, naročito u radu kasnijih mislilaca. Njegova analiza birokratije je i danas ključna za proučavanje organizacija, zbog čega se smatra utemeljivačem Teorije birokratske organizacije, koja predstavlja preteču savremenih teorija društvene organizacije. Autor u radu analizira život i djelo Maksa Vebera, a obzirom da je organizaciju proučavao sa stanovišta vlasti, moći, funkcionisanja i racionalnosti, posebnu pažnju posvećuje njegovoj teoriji vlasti.
KRIVIČNOPRAVNA ZAŠTITA ĆELIJA I TKIVA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Authors: TURANJANIN Veljko , KOLAKOVIĆ-BOJOVIĆ Milica
Published: May 2019

Autori u radu objašnjavaju krivičnopravnu zaštitu ćelija i tkiva u zakonodavstvu Republike Srbije. Zakonom o transplantaciji ćelija i tkiva predviđena su tri krivična djela. Međutim, već na osnovu prvog pogleda jasno je da je za uzor propisivanja ovih krivičnih djela poslužilo krivično djelo trgovine ljudima, što je i opravdano i logično, s obzirom na osnovne međunarodne pravne akte, čijom ratifikacijom je bilo nužno propisati nova krivična djela. Stoga je krivično djelo trgovine ljudima propisano u Krivičnom zakoniku Srbije, dok su krivična djela kojima se štite organi, ćelije i tkiva, propisani u sporednom krivičnom zakonodavstvu, tačnije u spomenutom Zakonu u transplantaciji ćelija i tkiva i Zakonu o transplantaciji organa. Pored uvodnih i završnih razmatranja, autori rad dijele u tri cjeline, pri čemu je u svakom dijelu objašnjeno po jedno krivično krivično djelo.
INSTITUCIJA PREDSJEDNIKA REPUBLIKE U USTAVNOM SISTEMU SRBIJE
Authors: RAPAJIĆ Milan
Published: May 2019

Poslije 11 godina od donošenja Ustava Srbije ovaj rad je posvećen ustavnopravnom položaju jednom od centralih organa vlasti u Srbiji - predsjedniku Republike. Stavljen je akcenat na analizu ustavnih normi koje su posvećene poziciji šefa države u srpskoj ustavnoj zgradi. Uzimajući u obzir tu činjenicu, autor naglašava da je srpski predsjednik ustavno modelovan kao klasični parlamentarni šef države, sa doduše pojačanim legitimitetom koji crpi iz neposrednog izbora. Autor zaključuje da bez obzira na prijedloge koji idu ka tome da se ojača uloga šefa države i samim tim prošire njegova ovlašćenja, najbolje je zadržati sadašnje ustavno rješenje. Iako je na političkoj sceni trenutno prezidencijalizacija predsjedničke funkcije, to nije dovoljan argument za promjenu ustava.
Bayesian meta-analysis of studies with rare events: Do the choice of prior distributions and the exclusion of studies without events in both arms matter?
Authors: Aghlmandi Soheila , Jüni Peter , Carpenter James , Zwahlen Marcel
Published: May 2019

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) analyzing serious adverse events often observe low incidence and might even observe zero events in either or both of the treatment and control arms. In the meta-analysis of RCTs of adverse events, it is unclear whether trials with zero events in both arms provide any information for the summary risk ratio (RR) or odds ratio (OR). Studies with zero events in both arms are usually excluded in both frequentist and Bayesian meta-analysis. We used a fully probabilistic approach—a Bayesian framework—for the meta-analysis of studies with rare events, and systematically assessed whether exclusion of studies with no events in both arms produced different results compared to keeping all studies in the meta-analysis. We did this by conducting a simulation study in which we assessed the bias in the point estimate of the log(OR) and the coverage of the 95% posterior interval for the log(OR) for different analytical decisions and choices in fixed effect and random effects meta-analysis. We used simulated data generated from a known fixed effect or random effects data scenario (each scenario with a 1000 meta-analysis data-set). We found that the uniform and Jeffrey’s prior on the baseline risk in the control group leads to biased results and a reduced coverage, and that setting the prior distribution on the log(odds) scale worked better. We also found nearly identical results regardless of whether studies with no events in both arms were excluded or not.
Reciprocal action of Casein Kinase Iε on core planar polarity proteins regulates clustering and asymmetric localisation
Authors: Strutt Helen , Gamage Jessica , Strutt David
Published: May 2019

The conserved core planar polarity pathway is essential for coordinating polarised cell behaviours and the formation of polarised structures such as cilia and hairs. Core planar polarity proteins localise asymmetrically to opposite cell ends and form intercellular complexes that link the polarity of neighbouring cells. This asymmetric segregation is regulated by phosphorylation through poorly understood mechanisms. We show that loss of phosphorylation of the core protein Strabismus in the Drosophila pupal wing increases its stability and promotes its clustering at intercellular junctions, and that Prickle negatively regulates Strabismus phosphorylation. Additionally, loss of phosphorylation of Dishevelled – which normally localises to opposite cell edges to Strabismus – reduces its stability at junctions. Moreover, both phosphorylation events are independently mediated by Casein Kinase Iε. We conclude that Casein Kinase Iε phosphorylation acts as a switch, promoting Strabismus mobility and Dishevelled immobility, thus enhancing sorting of these proteins to opposite cell edges.
Symmetry transitions during gating of the TRPV2 ion channel in lipid membranes
Authors: Zubcevic Lejla , Hsu Allen L , Borgnia Mario J , Lee Seok-Yong
Published: May 2019

The Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channel is a member of the temperature-sensing thermoTRPV family. Recent advances in cryo-electronmicroscopy (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallography have provided many important insights into the gating mechanisms of thermoTRPV channels. Interestingly, crystallographic studies of ligand-dependent TRPV2 gating have shown that the TRPV2 channel adopts two-fold symmetric arrangements during the gating cycle. However, it was unclear if crystal packing forces played a role in stabilizing the two-fold symmetric arrangement of the channel. Here, we employ cryo-EM to elucidate the structure of full-length rabbit TRPV2 in complex with the agonist resiniferatoxin (RTx) in nanodiscs and amphipol. We show that RTx induces two-fold symmetric conformations of TRPV2 in both environments. However, the two-fold symmetry is more pronounced in the native-like lipid environment of the nanodiscs. Our data offers insights into a gating pathway in TRPV2 involving symmetry transitions.
Mediators of Reading Motivation Among Filipino Collegiate Students
Authors: Reoperez Marie Grace C.
Published: May 2019

In literacy development, the affective conditions are equally important as the cognitive conditions. However, the role of motivation, an essential affective component of the reading process and what drives it are often overlooked specially among adolescent readers. Using an ethnographic approach, this paper identifies mediators of reading motivation among collegiate learners through analyses of online journals, reading profiles, and transcribed interviews of 17 Filipino collegiate students. The study draws largely from the reading model of Guthrie and Wigfield (2000) and Kozulin’s (2003) discussion of mediated learning based on Vygotsky’s (1978) sociocultural theory. Results showed that psychological and emotional satisfaction, prosocial goals, prevailing social values, and multi-modal learning experiences were the prime drivers of motivation to read among adolescent readers. The findings of this study underscore the importance of understanding and knowing what teenagers read, why they read, and what engages them to read. Such knowledge will inform instructional decisions on selection of learning resources and literacy activities that are engaging and relevant to adolescent learners’ experiences, needs, and goals.
Acute Effect of Mini-Trampoline Jumping on Vertical Jump and Balance Performance
Authors: Rhouni Nada , Dabbs Nicole C. , Gillum Trevor , W. Coburn Jared
Published: May 2019

Jumping and balance are necessary skills for most athletes, and mini-trampoline training has been shown to improve them. Little is known about the acute effect of mini-trampoline jumping on jump performance and dynamic balance. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 6 maximal jumps on a mini-trampoline on countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) variables and on balance parameters. Methods: Twenty one recreationally trained individuals participated in three testing sessions and were either allocated to a control group (N=10) or a trampoline group (N=11). All the participants performed a dynamic warm up prior to their assessments. Baseline CMVJ and balance assessments were measured. For the jump performance tests, the control group rested for 30s, and the trampoline group performed 6 maximal CMVJs on a mini-trampoline. Immediately following the trampoline jumps or the rest period, participants performed three jump trials. The jumping protocol was repeated every minute up to 5 minutes and balance was reassessed immediately after only. Results: There was no significant interaction of time by group and no group effects in all the jumping parameters, however, there was a significant increase in jump height (p <0.001) post-condition, and a significant decrease in peak power (p= 0.01) at the 4th minute for both groups. There was no significant interaction of time by condition, no time effect and no group effect (p>0.05) on the balance variables. Conclusion: These results do not support our hypothesis and show that trampoline jumping does not improve jump and balance performance acutely.
Anatomical Shoulder Movement Strength Imbalance Among Water Polo Overhead Athletes
Authors: Nekooei Pooya , T.K Tengku-Fadilah , Amri Saidon , Bin Baki Roselan , Majlesi Sara , Nekouei Paria
Published: May 2019

Background: The game of water polo has become more familiar to all the athletes and coaches as the time has passed. It has been played as a sport for more than a century Although anatomical shoulder movement strength balance is a crucial factor in overhead throwers’ performance, it has not been studied extensively in the previous research. Objective: This study examined shoulder movement imbalance in bilateral and dominant anterior-posterior shoulder among 42 elite water polo players in Malaysia. Method: The t-test analyses of data obtained through several tests proved that water polo players had statistically significant difference between their right hand anatomical shoulder movement strength and their left hand anatomical shoulder movement strength in all eight shoulder movements, i.e. Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Horizontal Adduction, Horizontal Abduction, Rotation and External Rotation. Results: The results of this study showed that there are significant differences of anatomical shoulder movement strength in both bilateral and Anterior-posterior shoulder movement among water polo players. The statistics results for bilateral shoulder movement of Flexion (t= 136.09 and p<.001), Extension (t= 110.92 and p<.001), Abduction (t= 121.89 and p<.001), Adduction (t= 101.47 and p<.001), Horizontal Adduction (t= 92.3 and p<.001), Horizontal Abduction (t= 95.6 and p<.001), Internal rotations (t= 109.6 and p<.001) and External rotations (t= 102.18 and p<.001) showed the p-value to be less than 0.05 for all variables of the test. The result of paired samples t-test showed there is a statistically significant difference between the mean of bilateral anatomical shoulder movement strength among water polo players. Conclusion: These findings suggest that coaches and players should take into account the shoulder movement strength imbalance in their trainings and design specific training programs to improve overhead throwers’ shoulder movement strength balance and hence their throwing performance in sports such as water polo.
Kindheit in der japanischen Geschichte: Vorstellungen und Erfahrungen / Childhood in Japanese History: Concepts and Experiences. Edited by Michael Kinski, Harald Salomon, and Eike Grossmann
Authors: Brown Janice C.
Published: May 2019

Kindheit in der japanischen Geschichte: Vorstellungen und Erfahrungen / Childhood in Japanese History: Concepts and Experiences. Edited by Michael Kinski, Harald Salomon, and Eike Grossmann. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015. Pp. xv + 542. $133.
Hittite Demonstratives: Studies in Deixis, Topics and Focus. By Petra Goedegebuure
Authors: Zorman Marina
Published: May 2019

The Hittite Demonstratives: Studies in Deixis, Topics and Focus. By Petra Goedegebuure. Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten, vol . 55. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2014. Pp. xxv + 610. €98.
Wirtschaftstexte aus Fara II. By Horst Steible and Fatma Yildiz
Authors: Englund Robert K.
Published: May 2019

Wirtschaftstexte aus Fara II. By Horst Steible and Fatma Yildiz. Die Inschriften von Fara, vol. 4.

Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015. Pp. x + 272. €78.
Gods, Kings, and Merchants in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia. By Dominique Charpin
Authors: Chavalas Mark W.
Published: May 2019

Gods, Kings, and Merchants in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia. By Dominique Charpin. Publications de l’Institute de Proche-Orient Ancient du Collège de France. Leuven: Peeters, 2015. Pp. 223, illus, €41 (paper).
Muḥammad al-Muwayliḥī . What ʿĪsā ibn Hishām Told Us, or, A Period of Time. Ed. and trans. Roger Allen
Authors: Beard Michael
Published: May 2019

Muḥammad al-Muwayliḥī . What ʿĪsā ibn Hishām Told Us, or, A Period of Time. Ed. and trans. Roger Allen. 2 vols. Library of Arabic Literature. New York: New York University Press, 2015. Pp. xxxvi + 484 (1), viii + 404 (2). $40 each.
Source–Sink Relationships
Authors: Burnett Angela C
Published: May 2019

Life on earth depends on the growth and survival of plants. In order for plants to grow and develop effectively, coordination between sources and sinks is required. Source organs provide a net uptake of resources whilst sink organs have a net drawdown of resources. Molecular mechanisms regulate the relationship between sources and sinks. These molecular mechanisms include carbon‐ and nitrogen‐containing metabolites, plant hormones and genes. Sources and sinks for both carbon and nitrogen are key contributors to plant growth, and these regulate themselves and one another via feedback, feedforward and crosstalk mechanisms. Our understanding of the relationships between sources and sinks is increased by experimental manipulations of the source–sink balance. To bring about increases in crop growth and yield, a holistic view of sources and sinks must be developed, including the molecular mechanisms underpinning the relationships between them. Mathematical modelling can be an effective tool for providing this unified perspective.

Key Concepts

Sources have net uptake of a resource and sinks have net utilisation of a resource.

Plant growth is underpinned by sources and sinks.

Sources and sinks for both carbon and nitrogen are vital components of plant development.

Molecular mechanisms including metabolites, genes and phytohormones regulate the source–sink balance.

An understanding of source:sink relationships can help improve crop yield.
Molecular Genetics of Thymic Carcinoma
Authors: Saito Motonobu , Kono Koji , Kohno Takashi
Published: May 2019

Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a rare cancer with poor survival. Therapeutic regimen and drug clinical efficacy after failure of first‐line chemotherapy have not fully developed yet. Next‐generation sequencing studies were recently performed in patients with TC from Asian and Europe/US cohorts and reported genomic and epigenomic aberrations, including actionable aberrations for developing targeted personalised therapies. Some somatic variants, such as
CYLD
,
TP53
,
HRAS
and
RB1
, were commonly identified in both Asian and Europe/US cohorts, suggesting their contribution to thymic carcinogenesis. In addition to somatic mutations, epigenomic aberrations and gene rearrangements have been identified in TC. Mutational signature analysis revealed an accumulation of age‐related variants and DNA mismatch repair deficiency derived from TC development. The efforts to find novel actionable targets are continuing and immunotherapy for TC is investigated. Several clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the therapeutic utility of immunotherapy for TC.

Key Concepts

Genomic and epigenomic aberrations in thymic carcinoma have been revealed.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy for thymic carcinoma have been developed.

Thymic carcinoma is a rare cancer with poor survival.

Efficient therapeutic drugs after failure of the first‐line chemotherapy are required.

Genomic and epigenomic aberrations in thymic carcinoma have been revealed.

Targeted therapies for thymic carcinoma is being developed.

Efficacy of immunotherapy is expected for thymic carcinoma.
Sulfur‐Mastery: Precise Synthesis of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Zafar Amina , Zafar Zainab , Zhao Weiwei , Jiang Jie , Zhang Yan , Chen Yunfei , Lu Junpeng , Ni Zhenhua
Published: May 2019

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been developed as the most promising method for the growth of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). In this work, the key factor determining the growth of TMDs is ascertained. A straightforward method is devised to directly achieve a holistic control of thickness, shape, and size of WS2 flakes via a single parameter control, namely, the status of the S‐precursor. The thickness‐dependent growth of WS2 flakes from mono‐ to quad‐layers is achieved by precise control of the feeding rate of elemental S‐precursor. Moreover, the explicit control over amount and exposure time of S‐precursor determines the most optimum combination of these parameters to tune the shape of the crystals from triangular to hexagonal with appropriate size. Hence, the experimental findings provide a promising strategy to engineer the growth evolution of WS2 atomic layers by fine tuning of the sulfur supply, paving a pathway to scalable electronic and photonic devices.
Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zhang Huiqi
Published: May 2019

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic receptors with tailor‐made recognition sites for target molecules. Their high affinity and selectivity, excellent stability, easy preparation, and low cost make them promising substitutes to biological receptors in many applications where molecular recognition is important. In particular, spherical MIP nanoparticles (or nanoMIPs) with diameters typically below 200 nm have drawn great attention because of their high surface‐area‐to‐volume ratio, easy removal of templates, rapid binding kinetics, good dispersion and handling ability, undemanding functionalization and surface modification, and their high compatibility with various nanodevices and in vivo biomedical applications. Recent years have witnessed significant progress made in the preparation of advanced functional nanoMIPs, which has eventually led to the rapid expansion of the MIP applications from the traditional separation and catalysis fields to the burgeoning biomedical areas. Here, a comprehensive overview of key recent advances made in the preparation of nanoMIPs and their important biomedical applications (including immunoassays, drug delivery, bioimaging, and biomimetic nanomedicine) is presented. The pros and cons of each synthetic strategy for nanoMIPs and their biomedical applications are discussed and the present challenges and future perspectives of the biomedical applications of nanoMIPs are also highlighted.
Tricomponent Exciplex Emitter Realizing over 20% External Quantum Efficiency in Organic Light‐Emitting Diode with Multiple Reverse Intersystem Crossing Channels
Authors: Zhang Ming , Liu Wei , Zheng Cai‐Jun , Wang Kai , Shi Yi‐Zhong , Li Xing , Lin Hui , Tao Si‐Lu , Zhang Xiao‐Hong
Published: May 2019

With the naturally separated frontier molecular orbitals, exciplexes are capable of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). And, the current key issue for exciplex emitters is improving their exciton utilization. In this work, a strategy of building exciplex emitters with three components is proposed to realize multiple reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) channels, improving their exciton utilization by enhancing upconversion of nonradiative triplet excitons. Accordingly, a tricomponent exciplex DBT‐SADF:PO‐T2T:CDBP is constructed with three RISC channels respectively on DBT‐SADF, DBT‐SADF:PO‐T2T, and CDBP:PO‐T2T. Furthermore, its photoluminescence quantum yield and rate constant of the RISC process are successfully improved. In the OLED, DBT‐SADF:PO‐T2T:CDBP exhibits a remarkably high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.5%, which is the first report with an EQE over 20% for the OLEDs based on exciplex emitters to the best of our knowledge. This work not only demonstrates that introducing multiple RISC channels can effectively improve the exciton utilization of exciplex emitters, but also proves the superiority of the tricomponent exciplex strategy for further development of exciplex emitters.
Isolated postaxial polydactyly: Epidemiologic characteristics from a multicenter birth defects study
Authors: Ortiz‐Cruz Gabriela , Luna‐Muñoz Leonora , Arteaga‐Vázquez Jazmín , Mutchinick Osvaldo M.
Published: May 2019

Isolated postaxial polydactyly (I‐PAP), as a single defect, is a frequent malformation, characterized by an extra digit placed on the ulnar or fibular side of the limbs. Worldwide prevalence varies from as high as 225/10,000 in Nigerians to so low as 6.08/10,000 in Argentinians. Genetic–ethnic background significantly affects worldwide prevalence and type of I‐PAP. Herein we describe the epidemiological characteristics of I‐PAP in 697 newborns, 383 males and 314 females identified in 1,178,993 examined live births from a multicenter case–control hospital‐based population study, the Mexican program of Registry and Epidemiological Surveillance of Congenital Malformations (RYVEMCE). The main characteristics analyzed included total I‐PAP, stratified in Types A and B, defined as complete or incomplete extra‐digit formation, respectively, sex prevalence, affected limb, laterality, parity, prematurity, delivery‐type, twinning, consanguinity, and parental age. Males (6.35/10,000) are significantly more frequently affected than females (5.45/10,000), hands more than feet, left more than right limbs, and Type B (74.50%) more than A (25.50%). Prematurity and forceps use were significantly more frequent in cases than controls. An evident decreasing time‐trend prevalence was present. Similar findings with other studies were males, upper and left limbs more frequently affected. Findings that were not previously reported include prematurity, forceps use, a significant decreasing time trend and an inverse ethnic prevalence for Types A (75%) and B (25%) in the Mayan population in contrast to other worldwide ethnic groups.
Curing kinetics and mechanical properties of fast curing epoxy resins with isophorone diamine and N‐(3‐aminopropyl)‐imidazole
Authors: Zhao Xueting , Huang Zhenqiang , Song Ping , Yang Hao , Zhang Yanfei
Published: May 2019

Fast curing epoxy resins were prepared by the reactions of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with isophorone diamine (IPD) and N‐(3‐aminopropyl)‐imidazole (API), and their curing kinetics and mechanical properties influenced by IPD content were also investigated. The analysis of curing kinetics was based on the nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data with the typical Kissinger, Ozawa, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa models, respectively. The glass‐transition temperature was also measured by the same technique. Additionally, the mechanical properties including flexural, impact, and tensile performances were tested, and the curing time was estimated by isothermal DSC. The degree of cure (α) dependency of activation energy (Ea) revealed the complexity of curing reaction. Detailed analysis of the curing kinetics at the molecular level indicated that the dependence of Ea on the α was a combined effect of addition reaction, autocatalytic reaction, viscosity, and steric hindrance. From the nonisothermal curves, the curing reaction mechanism could be proposed according to the increasingly obvious low temperature peaks generated by the addition reaction of epoxy group with the primary amines in API and IPD molecules. Using the preferred resin formulation, the resin system could be cured within 10 min at 120 °C with a relatively good mechanical performance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47950.
Enhancements in sugar immobilization in polymeric macroporous matrices for affinity capture
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Josiane , Lemos da Silva Débora , Gomes Nascimento Rui , Ayra Alcântara Veríssimo Lizzy , Martins Veloso Cristiane , Ferreira Bonomo Renata Cristina , da Costa Ilhéu Fontan Rafael
Published: May 2019

The use of macroporous monolithic matrices in the purification of biocompounds is constantly growing and developing. In this work, the objective was to optimize the quantity of N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine (D‐GlcNAc) immobilized on the surface of macroporous polymeric cryogels for capture of lectins from less clarified solutions. Surface response methodology was applied and it was observed that the immobilization temperature of the glutaraldehyde (GLU) and the D‐GlcNAc concentration influenced the amount of sugar immobilized. The matrices produced with 1.1% of allyl glycidyl ether were functionalized by GLU. Optimal maximum condition was obtained with mean value of 160.39 ± 26.38 mg of D‐GlcNAc immobilized per gram of dry cryogel. Characterization analyses of the matrices showed that the activation process was effective, maintaining the macroporous structure and physical characteristics. The adsorbents produced were tested for capture of lectins from a crude protein solution of barley. At tested conditions, adsorbent capture around 11% of protein in solution but reduce the hemaglutinating capacity in 40%, demonstrating its selectivity. The cryogels functionalized with D‐GlcNAc present potential for use in capture compounds by affinity with carbohydrates, such as lectins. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47956.
The CD147‐HYALURONAN Axis in Cancer
Authors: Toole Bryan P.
Published: May 2019

CD147 (basigin; EMMPRIN), hyaluronan, and hyaluronan receptors (e.g., CD44) are intimately involved in several phenomena that underlie malignancy. A major avenue whereby they influence tumor progression is most likely their role in the characteristics of cancer stem cells (CSCs), subpopulations of tumor cells that exhibit chemoresistance, invasiveness, and potent tumorigenicity. Both CD147 and hyaluronan have been strongly implicated in chemoresistance and invasiveness, and may be drivers of CSC characteristics, since current evidence indicates that both are involved in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, a crucial process in the acquisition of CSC properties. Hyaluronan is a prominent constituent of the tumor microenvironment whose interactions with cell surface receptors influence several signaling pathways that lead to chemoresistance and invasiveness. CD147 is an integral plasma membrane glycoprotein of the Ig superfamily and cofactor in assembly and activity of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). CD147 stimulates hyaluronan synthesis and interaction of hyaluronan with its receptors, in particular CD44 and LYVE‐1, which in turn result in activation of multiprotein complexes containing members of the membrane‐type matrix metalloproteinase, receptor tyrosine kinase, ABC drug transporter, or MCT families within lipid raft domains. Multivalent hyaluronan–receptor interactions are essential for formation or stabilization of these lipid raft complexes and for downstream signaling pathways or transporter activities. We conclude that stimulation of hyaluronan–receptor interactions by CD147 and the consequent activities of these complexes may be critical to the properties of CSCs and their role in malignancy. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oral arsenic trioxide incorporation into frontline treatment with all‐trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: A 5‐year prospective study
Authors: Gill Harinder , Kumana Cyrus R. , Yim Rita , Hwang Yu‐Yan , Chan Thomas S. Y. , Yip Sze‐Fai , Lee Harold K. K. , Mak Vivien , Lau June S. M. , Chan Chi‐Chung , Kho Bonnie , Wong Raymond S. M. , Li Wa , Lin Shek‐Yin , Lau Chi‐Kuen , Ip Ho‐Wan , Leung Rock Y. Y. , Lam Clarence C. K. , Kwong Yok‐Lam
Published: May 2019

Background

Strategies using oral arsenic trioxide (As2O3) are efficacious in relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), but they have not been examined in newly diagnosed cases.

Methods

Sixty‐two consecutive patients (24 men and 38 women) with a median age of 52 years (range, 22‐85 years), 36% of whom had high‐risk features, underwent induction with all‐trans retinoic acid at 45 mg/m2/d, oral As2O3 at 10 mg/d, and ascorbic acid at 1 g/d (the all‐trans retinoic acid–arsenic trioxide–ascorbic acid [AAA] regimen) for 6 weeks (with patients younger than 70 years additionally receiving daunorubicin at 50 mg/m2/d × 3); they then underwent consolidation with 2 monthly cycles of daunorubicin (50 mg/m2/d × 2) and cytarabine (100 mg/m2/d × 5) and received AAA maintenance (2 weeks every 8 weeks) for 2 years. A contemporaneous cohort of 37 newly diagnosed patients (15 men and 22 women) with a median age of 51 years (range, 23‐78 years), not consenting to oral As2O3 induction but receiving similar induction, consolidation, and AAA maintenance, served as a comparator group; 46% of these patients had high‐risk features.

Results

The oral As2O3 induction cohort showed a complete remission (CR) rate of 100%. After a median of 37 months (range, 13‐82 months), there were no relapses, so conventional risks (age, leukocyte and platelet counts, and Fms‐like tyrosine kinase 3 [FLT3] mutations) were not relevant. The leukemia‐free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 100% at 3 years and 94.1% at 5 years. The non–As2O3 induction cohort showed a CR rate of 100%. After a median of 52 months (range, 14‐77 months), there were 3 relapses (8%). Comparable patients in the oral As2O3 induction and non–As2O3 induction cohorts showed similar OS, but LFS was significantly superior in the oral As2O3 induction cohort.

Conclusions

The incorporation of oral As2O3 into induction for newly diagnosed APL was safe and decreased relapses.
Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution of FOX‐7: Synthesis and Properties of 1‐Amino‐1‐Picrylamino‐2,2‐Dinitroethylene (APDE) and Its Potassium Salt [K(APDE)]
Authors: Li Chuping , Feng Zhicun , Wang Hao , Zhou Tianhong , Li Yanan , Xu Kangzhen
Published: May 2019

Two energetic compounds, 1‐amino‐1‐picrylamino‐2,2‐dinitroethylene (APDE) and its potassium salt [K(APDE)] were synthesized through an aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction between FOX‐7 and picryl chloride. APDE and K(APDE) were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. APDE has a 3D wavy layered stacking structure similar to FOX‐7. K(APDE) (peak temperature (Tip)=185.6 °C and impact sensitivity (IS)=19.6 J) presents better stability than APDE (tap=133.3 °C and IS=15.7 J). The reasons why the stability of APDE is lower than that of FOX‐7 and picryl chloride are analyzed. The detonation velocity (D) and detonation pressure (P) of APDE (8.36 km s−1 and 31.3 Gpa) are close to those of FOX‐7 and RDX. The thermal decomposition of K(APDE) is very violent, and its detonation performance (D=9.14 km s−1 and P=38.6 Gpa) is comparable to that of HMX, indicating that K(APDE) has good potential to be a high explosive.
Bees and flowers: How to feed an invasive beetle species
Authors: Gonthier Jérémy , Papach Anna , Straub Lars , Campbell Joshua W. , Williams Geoffrey R. , Neumann Peter
Published: May 2019

Invasive species may exploit a wide range of food sources, thereby fostering their success and hampering mitigation, but the actual degree of opportunism is often unknown. The small hive beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida, is a parasite of honeybee colonies endemic to sub‐Saharan Africa. SHBs have now spread on all habitable continents and can also infest colonies of other social bees. To date, the possible role of solitary bee nests as alternative hosts is unknown. Similarly, flowers as possible alternative food sources are not well understood. Here, we show that SHBs can complete an entire life cycle in association with nests of solitary bees Megachile rotundata. The data also show that flowers can serve as alternative food sources. These results support the opportunistic nature of this invasive species, thereby generating further obstacles for mitigation efforts in the field. It also suggests that SHB invasions may result in more serious consequences for endemic bee fauna than previously thought. This provides further motivation to slow down the global spread of this pest, and to improve its management in areas, where it is established.
Mechanisms underlying increased nest predation in natural gas fields: a test of the mesopredator release hypothesis
Authors: Sanders Lindsey E. , Chalfoun Anna D.
Published: May 2019

Anthropogenic activities are changing landscapes and the context in which predator–prey dynamics evolved, thereby altering key ecological processes and community structure. Yet, the specific mechanisms underlying such changes are rarely understood. We tested whether a mesopredator release explained increased rodent density and concomitant predation of songbird nests near natural gas development. From 2015 to 2016, we surveyed apex predators (coyotes, badgers, raptors, and corvids) and measured apparent survival and perceived predation risk of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus; a primary nest predator), at 12 plots spanning a gradient of surface disturbance caused by energy development in Wyoming, USA. Additionally, we measured densities of three nest predators: deer mice, least chipmunks (Tamias minimus), and thirteen‐lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus). Contrary to the mesopredator release hypothesis, counts of apex predators and perceived predation risk of deer mice increased with surface disturbance from energy development, whereas apparent survival of mice decreased. Densities of mice and ground squirrels, however, increased with surface disturbance, despite increased predation pressure. We therefore rejected the mesopredator release hypothesis as a potential mechanism underlying altered trophic dynamics near energy development. Our results suggest that apex predator control measures would not benefit declining songbirds on natural gas fields. Rather, apex predator abundance may be regulated from the bottom‐up by rodents in this system. Our results corroborate a pattern showing weakened effects of mesopredator release in habitats modified by humans. Understanding how predator–prey dynamics may be altered in novel environments requires an understanding of how predators and prey alike respond to habitat change under different contexts.
MicroRNA‐214 contributes to regulation of necroptosis via targeting ATF4 in diabetes‐associated periodontitis
Authors: Ou Lingling , Sun Ting , Cheng Yaodong , Huang Linwei , Zhan Xiaozhen , Zhang Peng , Yang Junjie , Zhang Ye , Zhou Zhiying
Published: May 2019

Diabetes and periodontal diseases have a mutual promoting relationship that induces severe tissue damage and cell death. The potential roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and the type of cell death involved in diabetes‐associated periodontitis are obscure. The gingival tissues of patients were obtained and MC3T3‐E1 cells were costimulated with high glucose and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Osseous morphometric analysis was evaluated with micro‐CT, and histological characteristics were measured by hematoxylin/eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Cytokine secretion was confirmed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using a DCFH‐DA probe kit. Gene expression was measured by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR), and protein expression was assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The miR‐214 level, receptor‐interacting serine‐threonine protein (RIP) 1, RIP3, and phospho‐mixed lineage kinase domain‐like (p‐MLKL) protein expression were elevated in the inflamed gingival tissues of diabetes‐associated periodontitis patients, with activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expression showing the opposite effect. The high glucose (22 mM) could not induce significant increase of RIP1, RIP3, and p‐MLKL; however, the high glucose and LPS (500‐1000 ng/mL) cotreatment resulted in increase in the number of RIP1, RIP3, and p‐MLKL in MC3T3‐E1 cells. NAC (ROS inhibitor) inhibited RIP1, RIP3, and increased ATF4; however, necrostatin‐1 (Nec‐1) (RIP1 inhibitor) specifically inhibited the protein expression of RIP1 and RIP3 and had no influence on ATF4. The use of antagomir‐214 suppressed the expression of miR‐214, RIP1, RIP3, and p‐MLKL, but increased ATF4 protein level in glucose and LPS‐induced cells. ATF4 knockdown by ATF4 small interfering RNA offset the effect of antagomir‐214. RIP1‐ and RIP3‐dependent necroptosis was confirmed in the inflamed gingival tissues of diabetes‐associated periodontitis patients and high glucose‐ and LPS‐ cotreated cells. It was suggested that miR‐214‐targeted ATF4 participated in the regulation of necroptosis in vivo and in vitro.
Quantifying NK cell growth and survival changes in response to cytokines and regulatory checkpoint blockade helps identify optimal culture and expansion conditions
Authors: Hennessy Robert J , Pham Kim , Delconte Rebecca , Rautela Jai , Hodgkin Philip D , Huntington Nicholas D
Published: May 2019

NK cells are innate lymphocytes critical for immune surveillance, particularly in eradication of metastatic cancer cells and acute antiviral responses. In contrast to T cells, NK cell-mediated immunity is rapid, with spontaneous cytotoxicity and cytokine/chemokine production upon pathogen detection. The renaissance in cancer immunology has cast NK cell biology back into the spotlight with an urgent need for deeper understanding of the regulatory networks that govern NK cell antitumor activity. To this end, we have adapted and refined a series of quantitative cellular calculus methods, previously applied to T and B lymphocytes, to dissect the biologic outcomes of NK cells following stimulation with cytokines (IL-15, IL-12, IL-18) or deletion of genes that regulate NK cell proliferation (Cish), survival (Bcl2l11), and activation-induced-cell-death (AICD; Fas). Our methodology is well suited to delineate effects on division rate, intrinsic apoptosis, and AICD, permitting variables such as population half-life, rate of cell division, and their combined influence on population numbers in response to stimuli to be accurately measured and modelled. Changes in these variables that result from gene deletion, concentration of stimuli, time, and cell density give insight into the dynamics of NK cell responses and serve as a platform to dissect the mechanism of action of putative checkpoints in NK cell activation and novel NK cell immunotherapy agents.
Co‐occurrence of late potential and discrete prepotential on ablation site in a case of cardiac crux located premature ventricular complexes successfully ablated within the middle cardiac vein
Authors: Gulsen Kamil , Bayrak Fatih , Akdemir Baris , Polat Veli , Barman Hasan Ali , Ince Orhan , Okuyan Ertugrul
Published: May 2019

Some premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) originate from the coronary venous system. The great cardiac vein and the anterior cardiac vein are the most frequent localizations. The middle cardiac vein is an unusual anatomy for a point of origin for PVC. We present here a case of frequent PVCs with characteristic electrocardiographic features, which we successfully ablated inside the middle cardiac vein.