bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN BANGUNAN INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK TERPUSAT UNTUK KAWASAN ULM BANJARBARU
Authors: Amin Cahaya Al , Mahmud Mahmud , Prihatini Nopi Stiyati
Published: March 2021

Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM) merupakan salah satu perguruan tinggi terbesar dan tertua yang berada di Kalimantan. Pada tahun 2018 jumlah mahasiswa baru yang terdata oleh kampus ini sebesar 2.255 mahasiswa di Banjarbaru dan 4.156 mahasiswa di Banjarmasin. ULM sebagai institusi pendidikan wajib melakukan pengelolaan air limbah kegiatan domestik yang dihasilkannya. Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Tahun 2016 No.P.68 menyatakan bahwa setiap usaha dan/atau kegiatan yang menghasilkan air limbah domestik wajib melakukan pengolahan air limbah domestik yang dihasilkannya. Berdasarkan hasil pemantauan kondisi eksisting terdapat beberapa fakultas memiliki kondisi tangki septik yang ada sudah tidak sesuai standar dan jarang dilakukan pengurasan. Selain itu pada beberapa tangki septik tidak ditemukan bak kontrol yang menyebabkan sukar dilakukan pemantauan dan pengelolaan. Tujuan dari perencanaan dan perancangan ini adalah menentukan teknologi pengolahan air limbah yang sesuai dengan karakteristik air limbah domestik, merencanakan dan merancang unit pengolahan air limbah serta memperkirakan rencana anggaran biaya diperlukan. Metode yang diperlukan dalam perencanaan ini ialah pengumpulan informasi berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan data analisis kualitas dan kuantitas air limbah dan pertimbangan dengan metode skoring, maka teknologi biofilter anaerob aerob ditetapkan sebagai teknologi pengolahan air limbah domestik dengan nilai total sebesar 2.85. Adapun unit-unit yang direncanakan pada instalasi pengolahan air limbah ini ialah bak ekualisasi, bak pengendapan awal, bak biofilter anaerob, bak biofilter aerob dan bak pengendapan akhir. Rencana Anggaran biaya yang diperlukan dalam pembangunan IPAL ialah sebesar Rp.1.323.618.000- (Satu Milyar Tiga Ratus Dua Puluh Tiga Juta Enam Ratus Delapan Belas Ribu Rupiah)
SEBARAN KUALITAS AIR DALAM ALIRAN SUNGAI KUIN KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Harish Ahmad Hijran , Annisa Nova , Abdi Chairul , Prasetia Hafiizh
Published: March 2021

Banjarmasin merupakan kota yang dikenal dengan seribu sungai yang terletak diibukota Kalimantan. Salah satu sungai tersebut adalah sungai Kuin. Sungai sangatlah penting bagi masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan sehingga berkembang suatu aktivitas disungai,yang akan mempengaruhi kualitas air sungai. Pencemaran sungai kuin diakibatkan banyaknya limbah padat dan cair secara langsung sehingga sungai tersebut menurun kualitasnya. Besarnya aktivitas disepanjang sungai kuin akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas air sungai, maka perlu dilakukan studi kualitas air sungai agar mengetahui kualitas air sungai tersebut untuk menentukan strategi pengendalian air sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Menganalisis nilai kadar oksigen terlarut dalam aliran sungai Kuin Kota Banjarmasin dan  didukung data kualitas air lainnya seperti BOD dan COD. Data diambil sepanjang sungai kuin dengan Jumlah stasiun pengambilan sampel dibagi menjadi 10 titik yang tersebar disepanjang sungai dengan jarak antar stasiun ± 400 m, dengan asumsi bahwa pada jarak ini terdapat perubahan sebaran oksigen terlarut dalam aliran sungai.  Setiap stasiun diambil 3 kali pengulangan ( sisi kiri, tengah, dan sisi kanan ) sungai. Sehingga diperoleh 30 sampel air. Hasil analisis kualitas air Sungai Kuin yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat diketahui konsentrasi DO sungai kuin berkisar 1,68 – 3,41 mg/l, nilain BOD dalam aliran sungai kuin berkisar 8 – 26,67 mg/l. Serta nilan COD Sungai Kuin berkisar 26,53 – 31,04 mg/l.Hasil perbandingan dengan baku mutu berdasarkan Peraturan gubernur Kalsel No. 05 Tahun 2007 kualitas sungai kuin tidak memenuhi baku mutu air kelas II. Dilihat dari hasil tersebut, kondisi sungai kuin telah mengalami pencemaran.
PENGARUH PROSES DELIGNIFIKASI PADA PRODUKSI GLUKOSA DARI TONGKOL JAGUNG DENGAN HIDROLISIS ASAM ENCER
Authors: Mardina Primata , Talalangi Adelina I. , Sitinjak Jhon F. M. , Nugroho Andri , Fahrizal M. Reza
Published: March 2021

Hidrolisis asam encer dari tongkol jagung untuk produksi glukosa mengalami hambatan karena adanya lignin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh dari proses perusakan lignin dengan proses menggunakan hidrolisis basa Hidrolisis basa yang biasa disebut delignifikasi dilakukan pada suhu 55oC selama 4 jam dengan konsentrasi larutan basa, yaitu NaOH 5%, 10% dan 15% berat Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi NaOH yang optimal untuk pengurangan lignin adalah 15% berat dengan persentase pengurangan sebesar 89,3%. Tongkol jagung yang tidak dan telah didelignifikasi dengan NaOH kemudian dihidrolisis dengan menggunakan H2SO4 0,75% berat dengan waktu dan suhu yang berbeda dan dianalisis kadungan glukosanya. Glukosa yang dihasilkan dari partikel tongkol jagung yang didelignifikasi dengan NaOH 15% wt lebih besar daripada tongkol jagung yang tidak didelignifikasi untuk semua variasi waktu dan suhu. Hal ini menunjukkan proses delignifikasi untuk merusak struktur lignin akan meningkatkan reaktivitas dari katalis asam pada proses hidrolisis asam encer. Kata kunci: Tongkol jagung, lignin, delignifikasi, hidrolisis asam encer, glukosa. The dilute acid hydrolysis of corn cob for glucose production has faced barrier because of lignin. In this research, an effective lignin destruction process by alkali hydrolysis which affects glucose production from corn cob as lignocellulose biomass was investigated. Alkali hydrolysis called delignification was performed at 55oC for 4 hr with various NaOH concentrations: 5%, 10% and 15%-wt. It was found that optimal NaOH concentration for lignin reduction was 15%-wt and the percentage of reduction was 89.3%. The untreated and NaOH 15%-wt treated solid fraction were hydrolyzed by 0.75%-wt H2SO4 with various times and temperatures. The glucose content of liquid fraction from hydrolysis was analyzed. The result showed that the yield of glucose for NaOH 15% -wt treated corn cob was higher than that of untreated corn cob for various temperatures and operation times. It implied the destruction of lignin structure would enhance the reactivity of acid catalyst for diluted acid hydrolysis process. Keywords: Corn cob, lignin, delignification, acid dilute hydrolysis, and glucose
LITERATURA E ENSINO
Authors: Domingues Chirley , Santana Dias Debus Eliane , Rocha Juliano Dilma Beatriz
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a formação do professor de literatura no âmbito dos cursos de licenciatura em Letras. Tal reflexão resulta de uma pesquisa realizada nos anos de 2018 e 2019 com acadêmicos do curso de Letras de duas universidades do estado de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, realizou-se com o auxílio de alguns instrumentos como questionário, caderno de registro e atividades de docência realizadas pelos alunos no âmbito das universidades. Os resultados mostraram, até o momento, que as universidades precisam considerar a importância de uma formação mais específica para o professor de literatura.
SENTIDOS (RE) CONSTRUÍDOS NA LEITURA DE CLARICE LISPECTOR EM UMA AULA SOBRE FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR-LEITOR-MEDIADOR
Authors: Diniz Gomides Castro Santos Paula Aparecida , Alencar Nunes Macedo Maria do Socorro
Published: March 2021

Analisamos um evento de letramento em um curso de Pedagogia. Interessamo-nos pelos sentidos produzidos durante um dos momentos da disciplina sobre letramentos literários que objetivou a formação do professor leitor, com base na premissa de que o hábito da leitura favorece a mediação na construção desse letramento. Para fins de registro, utilizamo-nos de gravações em áudio e anotações em diário de campo. As interações foram analisadas a partir dos preceitos de dialogismo e construção de sentidos de Bakhtin ([1929] 2006; [1970-71] 2017) e evidenciaram uma vasta gama de interpretações polifônicas nas práticas sociais dos estudantes.
ENSINO DE ESCRITA DE NARRATIVAS EM PROSA
Authors: De Souza Maria Celeste
Published: March 2021

O trabalho aborda a apropriação metodológica da noção de mímesis para o ensino de escrita de narrativas em prosa, importante aos estudos literários, mas pouco explorado nas didáticas de leitura e escrita. Sugerimos que o ensino considere fundamentos literários relativos aos mecanismos e efeitos da ficcionalização. Nesse sentido, a revisão da Poética de Aristóteles realizada por Paul Ricoeur em Tempo e Narrativa traz importantes esclarecimentos acerca da narrativa literária e dos conhecimentos que lhe são inerentes, cujo reconhecimento acontece no processo constitutivo do círculo hermenêutico, composto de três fases: Mimesis I, II e III.
ESCREVER É UM ATO SOLITÁRIO?
Authors: Vervloet Soares Sarah
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar características das práticas de autopublicação no Wattpad: a plataforma de compartilhamento de textos e rede social de leituras e escritas. Foi realizado um questionário, do qual será feito aqui apenas um recorte, para compreender melhor o perfil desses usuários, suas motivações para a utilização do Wattpad e a relação estabelecida com essa prática compartilhada da escrita literária. A partir das respostas à questão “Por que você escreve nas redes?”, foram criadas cinco categorias de motivação, as quais demonstram o interesse pela praticidade, coletividade, identidade e interatividade presentes na plataforma. Compreende-se que, com as mudanças ao longo do tempo no que diz respeito à cultura escrita, ao mundo eletrônico (CHARTIER, 1998; 2002; 2010) e à democratização do computador (MURRAY, 2003), práticas sociais como a escrita também foram modificadas, no contato com o outro (GERALDI, 1997), elemento imprescindível para a criação dos conteúdos disponíveis, principalmente para a escrita, porque insere um sujeito que produz junto, exerce uma atividade sociointerativa e dialógica. Essa forma de produzir coletiva e digitalmente abre possibilidades diversas no ambiente virtual, que não deve estar mais dissociado do cenário escolar e requer estratégias pedagógicas para compreender a multiplicidade de gêneros produzidos na plataforma, suas relações e sua dinamicidade.
Physical type of the Armenian Highlands populations in antiquity
(based on osteometrical materials from urban and rural settlements)
Authors: Khudaverdyan A.Yu. , Yengibaryan A.A. , Matevosyan R.Sh. , Alekhanyan N.G. , Khachatryan A.A.
Published: March 2021

The paper is concerned with the analysis of osteometrical data from the antique populations of the Armenian Highlands, i.e. anthropological materials of burials dated to the 1st–3rd c. AD. We analyse the differences in an-thropological characteristics between urban and rural population of Armenia in antiquity. In total, 78 individuals of both sexes have been examined using traditional osteological methods. The study involved visual examination of the skeletons, images, descriptions and radiography. For the intergroup comparison, canonical analysis based on the averaged intergroup correlation matrix was used [Deryabin, 1983]. Visually, bones of the villagers appear to be more massive and quite elevated. Men, buried in rural areas differ from those from urban environments in smaller longitudinal dimensions of humerus, radius and ulna, and in larger icircumference of humerus, ulna and femur. Analysis of the data shows that the studied groups carry some features characteristic for populations adapted to high-altitude environments. Intergroup analysis suggests that the closest to the urban male groups would be the Maeotian population from the eastern coast of the Sea of Azov. The female part of the urban com-munity is close to the population of the first centuries AD from Gurmiron. Male villagers show similar features to those of Scythians of Ukraine (Scythian Neapolis); villagers are morphologically close to groups of Sarmatian cultures of the Lower Volga Region. Indirectly, this observation confirms the fact of stable, continuous migration flow into the territory of the Armenian Highlands. There is a certain agreement in the differentiation pattern of the ancient Armenian Highland population from the osteometric and craniometrics data. The osteometric data can be a rather important source of information for reconstruction of biological affinities of human populations.
The Russian language as a mechanism for integration of the General Government of the Steppes of Russia into the common empire area (second half of the 19th — early 20th century)
Authors: Lysenko Yu.A. , Rygalova M.V. , Yegorenkova Y.N.
Published: March 2021

The problem of homogeneity and integrity of the Russian Empire state territories became topical in the se-cond half of the 19th century. Its resolution was reflected in the administrative and legal integration, based on the policy of Russification and introduction of the Russian language in all spheres of life of the society. The purpose of this article is to reconstruct the mechanisms and particularities of the implementation of this policy in the Central Asian outskirts of the Russian Empire — the Governor-Generalship of the Steppes. The study is based on a wide range of hsitorical sources — regulations and paperwork, most of which have been identified in archives and in-troduced into the scientific discourse for first time. It has been revealed that the implementation of the Russifica-tion policy in the Steppe Territory followed two directions. The first one involved the introduction of paperwork management in Russian language into the local governments system. This process iniciated very actively in the beginning of the 20th century after the settlement of the legal status of the Russian language in the Russian Em-pire. Applicants for the positions of volost, aul and kishlak rulers, which were elective, were required to pass an exam on Russian language knowledge the prior to the ballot. Failure in the exam would immediately disqualify the candidate from further electoral process. The second important direction of expanding the influence of the Rus-sian language in the Steppe Territory was the educational policy related to the formation of a secular school edu-cation system and the mandatory inclusion of the Russian language course into the educational process. A net-work of Russian-Kyrgyz, Russian-aul, and missionary schools, Cyrillic-based alphabets for regional languages, educational-methodological literature in Russian were created in the region. The Russian language course be-came compulsory in programs of Muslim metebas and madrassas to raise the effectiveness of the Russification policy. Until the end of the imperial period, regional authorities failed to form a staff of ethnic officials who could speak Russian. The level of knowledge of the Russian language in the rest of the indigenous population remained extremely low, which was due to unpopularity of the Russian school system. Thus, it can be stated that the poten-tial of the Russian language as a means of integration into the common empire space was not fully utilized. At the same time, it cannot be denied, that Russian culture, historically close to Muslim peoples of the Central Asian region, embodied in the imperial educational system, played a positive role, acting as a conductor of their in-volvement in the achievements of European civilization.
Adrian Pushkin: Perm experience of the bureaucratic messiahship
Authors: Bushmakov A.V. , Riazanova S.V.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents to the reader’s attention a unique case of a local “messianic” prophecy which combines features of folk religious movements and principles of functioning of the bureaucratic machine. The manuscripts of civil servant and merchant Adrian Pushkin, who lived in the 19th century in the city of Perm (Kama region, West-ern Ural), are considered as a variation of development of popular religion which includes a messianic-apocalyptic narrative. This places the provincial clerk closely to founders of the alternative to the official Orthodox discourse movements in the Russian Empire, as well as new religious movements of the later period. The aim of this paper is to determine the place and the role of Pushkin’s revelation in the religious space of that historical period. The main sources of the research are local archival documents which include business correspondence, personal letters, photographs, also documents related to Pushkin’s psychiatric examination and his subsequent expulsion to the Solovetsky Monastery, letters and family photos of the “prophet”, and service notes. The research method is based on the phenomenological approach with elements of hermeneutical analysis. The new revelation was founded on biblical text well known to the Perm messiah, and its content was provided by the social and historical context. The targeted audience for the new prophet was the middle strata of the society, comfortable for him. The preferred way of communication involved the tools of the bureaucratic system of pre-revolutionary Russia. The development of the new interpretation of Christian teaching was based on individual choice of the revelator and mediated by already initiated processes of secularization of public life. Traditional narratives and imagery of the sacred books of the Orthodox tradition were placed by the messiah-bureaucrat in the context of local space of the region and the country, and were interpreted through realities of personal life. Open criticism of the official Church was combined with a complex of mythological ideas. The main accents of the prophetic text were apocalyptic and chiliastic, related to the personal and professional crisis experienced by the author. The latter was triggered by the abolition of serfdom and destruction of the habitual environment and self-realization system. The style and con-tent of Pushkin’s text represent a mixture of theological concepts and elements of folk narratives based on the biblical tradition. As a result of the textual development, the signature myth was formed, rooted formally in Chris-tian dogmas and associated with folk religious culture.
“I prefer to work for myself”: the entrepreneurship for migrants
from Central Asia in a Siberian city (the case study of Tomsk)
Authors: Dzhanyzakova S.D.
Published: March 2021

Together with educational migrants, foreign citizens from Central Asian republics come to Tomsk for the pur-pose of earning, focusing on construction business, market trade, and wage labour and entrepreneurship ser-vices. The article presents three cases of business activities of labour migrants in Tomsk. Field data was collected in 2016 and 2018–2019. Research methods include biographical interviews of migrants from Tajikistan and Kyr-gyzstan in their workplace, and ethnographic observation of their enterprise. As a result, the main pathways of the interviewees in entrepreneurship have been identified. It has been found that migrants accumulate experience, develop social ties, form networks around themselves, and only then they go autonomous and open their own business. Moving from one country to another, changing employment areas from unskilled hard physical labour to business ownership in Russia, they demonstrate the ability to respond flexibly to changing hosting society and market conditions. The role of Russian citizenship for opening and registration of business has also been consi-dered. As a result, the strategy of “union with locals” has been identified, which provides the business and its owner with social and material resources, as well as juridical legalization. A significant conclusion of the research into migrant entrepreneurship in catering, retail and provision of various types of services is that such businesses do not appear as an ethnic locale and a migrant space, but are rather integrated into the city-wide infrastructure. The activities of such “spots” are primarily aimed at representatives of the local population who live or work in walking distance from the enterprises. The study has revealed that ethnicity and migrant status are used by busi-nessmen depending on the situation, yet they do organize all social networks and connections primarily through interaction with those who are easy, beneficial, whom they trust, with whom they intersect in space, which pre-sents a problem when applying the theory of ethnic entrepreneurship to analyse the Russian case of migrant businesses.
KESADARAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN TEGAL TERHADAP PENDAFTARAN HAK ATAS TANAH
Authors: Rakhmatullah Bha'iq Roza
Published: March 2021

The registration of land rights in the Land Office has a time limit. This paper discusses about why the community of Tegal Regency has not yet had legal awareness to the registration of land rights transfer, how the legal effect on the delay of registration of land rights transfer based on the purchasing deed of the Making Land Deed Official by the receiving party rights, and how to solve public legal awareness and solutions to land registration delays. The method used in this research is by the Socio-Legal approach that is an approach which is done or used to be a reference in highlighting the problems of applicable legal aspects. the community of Tegal Regency, especially the weak economic community have not yet had legal awareness to register the transfer of land rights based on purchasing deed of the Making Land Deed Official to Tegal Regency Land Office. Suggestion from this research is The existence of strict enforcement of sanctions to unscrupulous officials of the Land Office who make irregularities, all stakeholders make a memorandum of understanding together in the context of registration of the transfer of land rights, revision of article 40 paragraph (1) Government Regulation Number 24 the Year 1997.Keywords: Land Rights Transfer, delay, Community Legal Awareness
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA
Authors: Kurniati Esti
Published: March 2021

Marriage after will give rise to legal consequences for both parties, not least the child of the marriage. The result is the emergence of rights and obligations. In fact, many households are unable to realize these goals and finally divorced, whereas marriage laws make every effort to reduce the number of divorces, as a result of divorce not only to parents but to children as well. Do not let children of divorce who have got the psychological burden, plus more for the rights of civilización the form of children's rights is not fulfilled by the parents. This paper has discussed the protection of children's rights after the divorce of both parents, which to answer is used legal research with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. Legal protection for children both before and after divorce is needed to minimize the occurrence of things that are not desired by the child itself, such as the absence of affection, the child becomes neglected and the child also cannot get along as a child.Keywords: legal protection, divorce, and children's rights.
COVID-19 Lockdown and Lifestyles – A Narrative Review
Authors: Doraiswamy Sathyanarayanan , Cheema Sohaila , Al Mulla Ahmad , Mamtani Ravinder
Published: March 2021

Background: The primary objective worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic has been controlling disease transmission. However, lockdown measures used to mitigate transmission have affected human behavior and altered lifestyles, with a likely impact on chronic non-communicable diseases. More than a year into the pandemic, substantial peer-reviewed literature has emerged on altered lifestyles following the varying lockdown measures imposed globally to control the virus spread. Objective: To explore the impact of lockdown measures on the six lifestyle factors, namely diet, physical activity, sleep, stress, social connectedness, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other harmful substances.Methods: We comprehensively searched PubMed and the World Health Organization’s global literature database on COVID-19 and retrieved 649 relevant articles for the narrative review. A critical interpretative synthesis of the articles was performed.Results: Most of the articles included in the review identified the negative effect of lockdown measures on each of the lifestyle factors in many parts of the world. Interestingly, encouraging lifestyle trends were also highlighted in a few articles. Such trends can positively influence the outcome of lifestyle-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes.Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to better understand the negative impact of strict lockdown measures on lifestyles. At the same time, it helps us identify and initiate positive behavioral changes, which, if consolidated, could improve chronic disease outcomes. It is up to governments, communities, and healthcare/academic entities to derive benefit from lessons learned from the pandemic, with the ultimate objective of better educating and promoting healthy lifestyles among communities.
Multipotent Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: An Updated Review on Historical Background, Recent Trends and Advances in their Clinical Applications
Authors: Dzobo Kevin
Published: March 2021

Early reports demonstrated the presence of cells with stem-like properties in bone marrow, with these cells having both hematopoietic and mesenchymal lineages. Over the years, various investigations have purified and characterized mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from different human tissues as cells with multi-lineage differentiation potential under the appropriate conditions. Due to their appealing characteristics and potential, MSCs are leveraged in many applications including medicine, oncology, bioprinting and as recent as treatment of COVID-19. To date, reports indicate mesenchymal stromal/stem cells have varied differentiation capabilities into different cell types and demonstrate immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory properties. Reports indicate that different MSCs microenvironments or niche and the resulting heterogeneity may influence their behavior and differentiation capacity. The potential clinical applications of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells have led to an avalanche of research reports on their properties and hundreds of clinical trials being undertaken. The future looks bright and promising for mesenchymal stem cell research with many clinical trials under way to prove their utility in many applications and in the clinic. This report provides an update on the potential broader use of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, review early observations of the presence of these cells in the bone marrow and their magnificent differentiation capabilities and immunomodulation.
Variation of Deoxynivalenol levels in Corn and Its Products Available in Retail Markets of Punjab, Pakistan and Estimation of Risk Assessment
Authors: Iqbal Shahzad Zafar , Razis Ahmad Faizal Abdull , Usman Sunusi , Ali Nada Basheir , Asi Muhammad Rafique
Published: March 2021

The study focused on investigating the natural incidence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in corn and products from corn producing districts of Punjab, Pakistan. The analysis was carried out using HPLC with UV detector and immunoaffinity cleanup columns. The detection limit (LOD) and limit of quantification were 25 and 50 µg/kg, respectively. Total 1220 samples of corn and products were analyzed to detect the DON, and 539 (44.2%) samples were observed to be contaminated with DON (n ≥ LOD). Furthermore, 92 (7.5%) samples of corn & products have DON levels, elevated than the proposed limits of the EU. The data is significantly different from a normal distribution for DON in corn and products samples and from different locations (p < 0.05) for Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov values. However, a significant difference in DON levels was found between corn and corn derived-products types (p ≤ 0.05). The lowest and highest exposure & hazard quotient (HQ) of 0.92 and 9.68 µg/kg bw/d were documented in cornflour samples.
Apatite Composition and U-Pb Geochronology from the Ptarmigan and Tom Deposits, NWT Canada; Implications for Petrogenesis
Authors: Richardson Mark W. , McFarlane Christopher R.M. , Lentz David R. , Falck Hendrik
Published: March 2021

The Ptarmigan and Tom mesothermal gold deposits are located 10 km to the northeast of the city of Yellowknife, Northwest Territories in northern Canada. Both gold deposits comprise a series of en echelon veins that are hosted within upper greenschist to lower amphibolite facies ~2630 Ma (peak) rocks. Supracrustal units across the craton are intruded by the ca. 2610–2605-Ma granodiorite, tonalite, monzodiorite, quartz diorite, and affiliated rocks of the Concession Suite. Hydrothermal apatite is a common accessory mineral in both mineralized and non-mineralized quartz veins in the metasedimentary host rocks that constitute the Ptarmigan and Tom deposits. This study characterizes and compares turbidite-hosted hydrothermal apatite from the Ptarmigan and Tom deposits, non-mineralized veins adjacent to the ore body, and magmatic apatite from proximal LCT-pegmatites. Using electron probe microanalyses (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), micro-XRF, and cathodoluminescence (CL), the major, minor, and trace element abundances have been quantified and mapped. In addition to utilizing this data to determine if the chemistry of apatite can be used to constrain the source of hydrothermal fluids, the apparent age of the apatite is also evaluated utilizing in situ U-Pb dating.
The distribution and abundance of major, minor, and trace elements from in situ recovered apatite were studied to characterize the nature of mineralizing ﬂuids. Most apatite from mineralized and non-mineralized veins show different Mn, Sr, and Pb contents, as well as chondrite-normalized rare-earth element (REE) and Y abundance patterns. REEs display five unique chondrite-normalized patterns: (1) negative sloped pattern with slight negative Eu anomaly, (2) a flat pattern with a positive Eu anomaly, (3) a positive slope with a negative Eu anomaly, (iv) light rare earth element (LREE) depleted pattern with positive Eu anomaly, and (v) bell-shaped pattern with a negative Eu anomaly. The REE patterns reflect both the source of the auriferous hydrothermal fluids and, perhaps, co-precipitating mineral phases. Apatite from the Ptarmigan vein occurs with both: (1) a flat pattern with a positive Eu anomaly and (2) bell-shaped pattern with a negative Eu anomaly. The bell-shaped and flat patterns typify orogenic gold deposits. Vein-hosted apatite commonly displays compositional zoning with a characteristic yellow cathodoluminescence (CL) emission spectra with darker cores and brighter rims. The cores have lower REE, whereas the rims are notably higher in REE. It is thought that the darker cores in CL images reflect a transition from an early low REE hydrothermal fluid to one enriched in REE. The hydrothermal apatite age of 2585 ± 15 Ma is consistent with the intrusions of the 2605 and 2590 Ma two-mica granites of the Prosperous Suite and associated LCT pegmatites.
Analysis of the styles of coping with stress in women in the preoperative period
Authors: Szymoniak Katarzyna , Rychlicka Małgorzata , Zimny Małgorzata , Czechowska Krystyna , Powirska-Swęd Regina , Jurczak Anna , Ćwiek Dorota
Published: March 2021

Introduction

Stress constitutes a serious social and health problem. At the beginning of the 21st century, it became a very common and popular topic in medicine. As such, it is important to conduct studies on the causes of preoperative stress and strategies of dealing with it, especially in a hospital environment. Our research results, alongside numerous other studies, show that the problem is still present.

The aim of the study was to analyze the styles of coping with stress in women before surgeries using the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS).

Materials and methods

The study was conducted on 339 women admitted to a surgical gynecology clinic. A diagnostic survey with a questionnaire CISS was conducted.

Results

The most dominant style of coping with stress is the avoidance-oriented style which is prevalent in 35.4% of respondents. The study shows that use of the avoidance-oriented style decreases with age (p = 0.007). Younger women try to avoid stress by socializing more frequently than older individuals. Less-educated women focus on avoiding stress more often (p = 0.017) than well-educated women who are more task-oriented (p = 0.011). Women with fewer past surgeries seek social contact to avoid stress more frequently (p = 0.019). Engaging in substitutive activities is more prevalent among women who underwent surgeries where the abdominal cavity is opened.

Conclusions

1. Gynecological surgeries are a source of stress and a great emotional burden for women. 2. Older, well-educated women show better skills in coping with preoperative stress. 3. Most respondents use the avoidance-oriented style.
Odontogenic orbital cellulitis in a young man with complete vision loss – a case report
Authors: Sikora Maciej , Wróbel Krzysztof , Stąpor Agata , Sielski Marcin , Chlubek Dariusz
Published: March 2021

Odontogenic inflammation in humans can spread to adjacent anatomical structures, causing pathological changes that are dangerous to health and, in some cases, life. In this paper, we present an unusual case of odontogenic orbital cellulitis caused by both Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Enterococcus avium, which resulted in blindness of the eye in a 25-year-old man. Orbital cellulitis is more common in children due to the relative immaturity of their immune systems whereas it is rare in adults – in most cases, it occurs as a complication of paranasal sinusitis. An accurate diagnosis requires not only a thorough clinical examination but also appropriate imaging tests (such as a computed tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance test). Successful treatment largely depends on the earliest possible implementation of pharmacological therapy. In cases where it is justified, surgical procedures to decompress and drain the abscess should also be considered. However, in the case described in this publication, the patient did not regain vision in the affected eye despite the implementation of both intensive pharmacological treatment and surgical treatment, probably due to ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion caused by severe infraorbital oedema.
Fikcijske emocije i moralna dimenzija paradoksa fikcije u filmu
Authors: Slugan Mario
Published: March 2021

Nudi se dvojaka intervencija u debatu o paradoksu fikcije temeljenu na introspekciji i analitičkoj argumentaciji. Prvo, argumentira se da su se dosadašnje rasprave o paradoksu previše fokusirale na njegovu epistemološku dimenziju. To je dovelo da zanemarivanja moralne strane paradoksa, tj. malo je rečeno o tome da redovito više marimo za fikcijske entitete, nego što marimo za stvarne ljude. Drugo, predlaže se da su redovito, iako ne isključivo, strukture stvarnog života, a ne fikcijski entiteti, te koje uzrokuju emocije. U hororima, primjerice, ne bojimo se fikcijskog čudovišta, nego mogućnosti, ma koliko ona bila nevjerojatna, da nešto poput toga postoji u stvarnom svijetu. Bitno je primijetiti da se ovaj prijedlog razlikuje od pristupa temeljenih na protučinjenicama (counterfactualism) zato što dozvoljava da uzrok nekih emocija budu fikcijski entiteti. To su emocije poput simpatije i antipatije koje nemaju jasno definirane povezane tipične akcije.
Kralj bez tijela i njegova sjena
Authors: Vrbančić Mario
Published: March 2021

Inspiriran radom Erica Santnera (1996, 2011) o političkoj teologiji i kraljeva dva tijela, u ovom radu propitujem političku teologiju filma, tj. kako drugo tijelo kralja, tijelo njegove moći, migrira u novo tijelo, tijelo naroda, te sablasno, u raznim tragovima, prati filmski način proizvodnje koji je obilježio dvadeseto stoljeće. U radu dovodim u imaginarnu vezu dva lika (jedan stvarni, drugi fiktivni) koji na određeni način utjelovljuju to migriranje: (1) sudca Daniela Paula Schrebera (čiji je autobiografski zapis mentalne bolesti, od trenutka kada je objavljen 1903., okupirao pažnju ne samo psihijatara i psihoanalitičara nego i raznih teoretičara), i (2) doktora Caligarija, hipnotizera u filmu Kabinet doktora Caligarija (red. Robert Wiene, 1920.), jednog od najpoznatijih junaka njemačkog ekspresionističkog filma, kako bih analizirao kako njihovi slučajevi utjelovljuju »sublimno rojalističko meso« u nacionalnim fantazmagorijama dvadesetoga stoljeća (koje se sve više vraćaju i u naše vrijeme u doba rastućeg populizma i brojnih teorija zavjere).
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS) AMONG TRAFFIC CONSTABLES WORKING IN SOUTHERN CHENNAI - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Deepak S. Nithin , A. Vijayasankari , S. Kalpana , Maria Adaikalam S. Joseph , G Srinivas
Published: March 2021

Background:Basic Life Support (BLS) is a lifesaving technique useful in many emergencies like heart attacks, drowning and accidents. BLS is the initial step of prompt recognition and to provide emergency support of ventilation and circulatory in case of respiratory or cardiac arrest. The Traffic Police who would be discharging his duty nearby the accident can help much in saving the lives of victims of RTA with his knowledge of BLS. In India the basic techniques of BLS are not offered to Traffic Police. Hence training the Traffic Constables with BLS techniques will result in improvement in survival rates of victims of RTA. Objective:To assess the knowledge of Basic Life Support (BLS) among traffic constables working in Southern Chennai. Methods:An interventional study design was used. Traffic constables who are working in Greater Chennai were included in the study. A semi structured questionnaire will be used to assess the knowledge on BLS among traffic constables. Then post intervention will be given based on the knowledge they gained. Result:In our sample, most of the traffic policemen were in the age group of 31- 40 years (47.1%) and other 36.5 % of traffic policemen were in the age group of 41-50 years of age. Almost of the participants are married. Among the participants, more than 10 years of experienced people have the adequate knowledge. Remaining them need more information regarding Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Among the participant, 60% of the traffic policemen were have adequate knowledge. Conclusion:BLS is an integral part of training for first aid. The present study revealed the comprehension and familiarity of the traffic policemen with BLS and attitude towards BLS training.The results indicate that there is sufficient overall awareness of BLS training among traffic police officers and that significant improvements are needed to save lives.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZES RESPONSES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA YIELD TO LOCALIZED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS, WATER RESTRICTION AND FERTILIZERS
Authors:   Water Requirement and Meteorology Unit, Soil Chemistry and Physics Dep.-Desert Research Center- Egypt., F.M. El-Boraie , El Shafay R.M.M. ,   Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Cultivation Unit, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants dep.t-Desert Research center- Egypt., Elhagarey M.E. ,   Irrigation and Drainage Unit, Soil and Water Conservation Dep.-Desert Research Center- Egypt.
Published: March 2021

This investigation of both of irrigation system, water restriction and soil conditioners on Morengaoleifera, (surface drip irrigation, D, buried drip, BD and mini-sprinkler, MS), as well for irrigating a magic crop like Morenga (Morengaoleifera) plants. Also, this work includes different irrigation water restriction which represent two three treatments (100, 80 and 60% of calculated applied water, W1, W2 and W3 respectivly), more over threes soil conditioners (Compost, C, Farm manure, FM, Mud, M). The experiment was carried out inShalatien where it lies in the east-west of the Red sea in Egypt. Surface evaporation in this area has a paramount importance because of its aridity hot climate under the circumstances of saline irrigation water usage. The objective of the present work is to study the influences of irrigation system, water restrictions and soil conditioners onmorphological and chemical characterizes of Moringa, for that,the following measurements are taken Trunk Diameter, Pods Tree Quantity, Seeds Yields (g) per tree, Weight per 1000 seeds (g), oil yields per tree (g), oil Yields per/ Acer (kg), chlorophyll A- B, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, Total carbohydrates, vitamin C,Nitrogen, Calcium, Fe and zinc content of Moringaoleifera plants in addition to Water use efficiency, cost analysis, energy analysis in two studied seasons, (2017-2018/2018-2019). Results show that the most positive influence of irrigation is buried irrigation, drip irrigation and mini-sprinkler respectively, due to the saved water from losses by evaporation under drought conditions. And the most positive influence of water restrictions treatments is 100, 80 and 60% respectively, but the in many measurements the differences between both of 100 and 80% of applied water is not significant, so its more economical to approve 80% of applied water under buried drip irrigation, which means about 20% of applied water can be save.
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT OF MONOBLOCK IN ENDODONTICS
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Sector 7, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai., S. Nair Sreeja , H. Patil Amit ,   Associate ProfessorConservative Dentistry and EndodonticsBharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi MumbaiSector 7 CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai., K. Jain Ashish ,   Professor and Head of DepartmentConservative Dentistry and Endodontics Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi Mumbai., D. Mali Sheetal ,   Associate ProfessorConservative Dentistry and EndodonticsBharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi MumbaiSector 7 CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai., A. Yadav Pooja ,   Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi MumbaiSector 7 CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai., S. Agrawal Sonal ,   Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi MumbaiSector 7 CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai.
Published: March 2021

The advent of dentin adhesive technology in endodontics has made monoblock a well known concept in endodontics. However it has created many controversies on whether monoblock would reinforce the roots and provide a superior coronal seal.In this review, attempts have been made to understand monoblock in a broader aspect and understand how the monoblock concept can be applied to the materials used till date which rehabilitates the root canal space. The potential of currently available bondable materials to achieve mechanically homogeneous units with root dentin is then discussed in relation to the classical concept in which the term monoblock was first employed in restorative dentistry and subsequently in endodontics.
RECURRENT POLYP REVEALING A RARE CASE OF CERVICAL RHABDOMYOSARCOMA: ABOUT A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Aboulfath Kamal , Mahmoud Emed Mohamed ,   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Saoud K.M. ,   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Mamouni N. ,   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Errarhay S. ,   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Bouchikhi C. ,   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes., Banani A. ,   Service Gynecologie Obstetrique I CHU Hassan II Fes.
Published: March 2021

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix is one of the rare histological types of cervical cancer, which occurs mainly in girls and women during genital activity. Given the aggressiveness of the disease, therapeutic strategy is based on the combination of the three treatment modalities (surgery -chemotherapy radiation therapy-).We report a case of cervical rhabdomyosarcoma in a 53 year old woman with no particular pathological history. The first sign reported was postmenopausal metrorrhagia with the presence of a cervical polyp. The bistourning of this polyp was in favour of cervical adenosarcoma. The extension workup showed a cervical mass without metastasis. The patient underwent surgery and underwent a hysterectomy without preservation of adnexae with anatomopathologic results that suggested a cervical rhabdomyosarcoma and a candidate for adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix is a rare tumor that develops most often in young girls. It mainly shows locoregional extension. Treatment is based on surgery including conservative treatment as well as radical treatment associated with perioperative chemotherapy. The role of radiation therapy remains poorly defined.
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL VALUES AMONGST URBAN AND RURAL PEOPLE IN AHMEDABAD DISTRICT: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION
Authors:   Associate Professor SDAU Dantiwada Gujarat., N. Vyas Jiju , Tiwari Neha ,   Scientist, KVK, JAU Amreli Gujarat.
Published: March 2021

Nowadays India is undergoing an impressive economic growth accompanied by a very slow decline, almost stagnation, in malnutrition levels. In developing countries, studies on dietary patterns and their relationship with nutritional status are scarce. Over the years, some nutritional studies have been performed to explore different types of food consumed in various Indian regions, among different social samples. The aim of the present paper is to review and describe trends in food and nutrition intake patterns in the urban and rural parts of Ahmedabad. Survey was done on 300 respondents, 150 from Urban Ahmedabad and 150 from Rural Ahmedabad. Major aim of the study is to understand difference of food habits and nutritional status amongst urban and rural people.
HYDRANCEPHALY : RARE ENTITY WITH INCIDENCE LESS THAN 1 IN 10000 LIVE BIRTHS
Authors: Sharma Akshay , Sharma Deeksha , Pandoh Pranav
Published: March 2021

Hydranencephaly is a rare entity with incidence of 1 in 10000 live births and is characterized by near total absence of cerebral cortex and basal ganglia which are replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Various aetiologies of hydranencephaly have been suggested which include: Infarction, leukomalacia, diffuse hypoxic-ischemic brain necrosis, intrauterine infections leading to necrotizing vasculitis. Ultrasonography, Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging can easily detect and diagnose hydranencephaly. We present a case of 2-month-old term infant diagnosed with hydranencephaly on computed tomography.
Impact of climate change on the streamflow of the Arjo-Didessa catchment under RCP scenarios
Authors: Bekele Wudeneh Temesgen , Haile Alemseged Tamiru , Rientjes Tom
Published: March 2021

In this study, the impact of climate change on the streamflow of the Arjo-Didessa catchment, Upper Blue Nile basin, is evaluated. We used the outputs of four climate models for two representative concentration pathway (RCP) climate scenarios, which are RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. Streamflow simulation was done by using the HEC-HMS rainfall-runoff model, which was satisfactorily calibrated and validated for the study area. For the historic period (1971–2000), all climate models significantly underestimated the observed rainfall amount for the rainy season. We therefore bias-corrected the climate data before using them as input for the rainfall-runoff model. The results of the four climate models for the period 2041 to 2070 show that annual rainfall is likely to decrease by 0.36 to 21% under RCP 4.5. The projected increases in minimum and maximum temperature will lead to an increase in annual evapotranspiration by 3 to 7%, which will likely contribute to decreasing the annual flows of Arjo-Didessa by 1 to 3%. Our results show that the impact is season dependent, with an increased streamflow in the main rainy season but a decreased flow in the short rainy season and the dry seasons. The magnitudes of projected changes are more pronounced under RCP 8.5 than under RCP 4.5.