bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ziya Gökalp'te Töre Kavramı, Cengiz Han'ın Yasası ve Türk Kimliği
Authors: Taşdelen Hacı Musa
Published: December 2024

Ziya Gökalp, Müslümanlık öncesi Türk inanç sistemini ve manevi kültürünü ifade eden Töre kavramını sosyolojik boyutuyla ele alan ilk toplumbilimcidir. Törenin manası üzerine tarihi ve güncel kaynaklar da farklı açıklama tarzları mevcuttur. Bunlarda törenin mukabili olarak bir inanç sisteminin dayandığı kaideler, hukuk, kanun, nizam, ahlak, görenek, adet gibi kavramlar kullanılmıştır. Kadim Türklerde töre, hem beşeri hem de ilahi kaynaklı toplumu düzenleyici kurallar manzumesidir. Bir diğer ifadeyle töre olarak bilinen kurallar, Türk boylarının inandığı, terbiye standartlarını sağlamada esas olan ahlaki kurallar ve davranış tarzlarını ifade eden düzenlemelerdir. Törenin dayandığı kurallar, budun/halk içerisinde dayanışma ve yardımlaşmaya sağlamaya ve güçlendirmeye yönelik davranış kalıplarını ihtiva etmekteydi. Töre, dayanışma ahlakıyla mücehhezdir. Ziya Gökalp törenin bu hususiyeti üzerinden Türk toplum yapısını çözümlemeye tabi tutmuştur. Töre’nin yazılı hale gelmesi, Cengiz Han zamanında gerçekleşmiştir. Töre ve yasa aynı anlama sahiptir. Türkler ötekini dil ve din farklılığı üzerinden tanımlamışlardır. Özellikle dini inanç merkezli bir kimlik tanımlaması yapmışlardır. Türk olmak aynı zamanda töre dinine mensup olmak anlamına gelmekteydi. Ziya Gökalp, aynı zamanda Türk/Törük kavramının da töreli anlamına gelebileceğine dikkat çekmiştir. İl ve Töre, kadim Türk topluluklarında muhafaza edilmesi gereken iki başat kıymettir. Orhun kitabelerinde vurgulanan bu husus üzerinden Türk tanımlaması yapmak, sosyolojik açıdan tarihi hakikate de uygundur. Müslümanlık öncesi kadim Türk inanç sisteminde Tan¬rı inancı hep merkezi bir yer işgal etmiştir.
Ziya Gökalp ve Türk Sosyolojisinin II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi Kökenlerine Dair
Authors: Akpolat Yıldız
Published: December 2024

Temel soruna bakış açılarının sınıflandırılması, düşüncenin yeniden sentezlenmesi ile beşeri zihne yeni bir çentik atmaktır. İşte Ziya Gökalp böyle bir zihin ve muallimdir. Öncekileri yeniden okuyan ve yeniden sentezleyen yeni bir yol arayandır ve teorikleştirendir. Beşeri bakiye böylelikle birikimseldir. Ziya Gökalp’i bu süreçte yeniden tahlil etmek çabası bu makalenin konusunu teşkil edecektir. Türk Sosyoloji Tarihi aynı zamanda Türk Modernleşme Tarihidir. Modern Türk Düşüncesi/Sosyolojisi bu itibarla aslında batılı sosyolojilerden farklı değildir. Sosyoloji nasıl ki modern toplumların sorunlarını tespit, teşhis ve tedavi üzere biçimlenmiş ise Türk sosyolojisi de kendi tarihsel birikimi ve kendi ontolojik gerçekliğine nispetle Türk modernleşmesinin sorunlarına çareler üretmek üzere biçimlenir. Bu itibarla sosyolojimiz biçimlenirken “Nasıl Modernleşelim?” ve “Ne Kadar Modernleştik?” sorularına cevaplar üretir veya biz bunu İstanbul ekolü ve Ankara ekolü olarak da isimlendiriyoruz. İlki bir kimlik ve yol arayışına verilen tarihi-teorik ve siyasi bir cevaptır diğeri ise ne kadar modernleştiğimizi (İbrahim Yasa) ya da modernleşemediğimizi ya da modernleşmenin önündeki engellerin (Mübeccel Belik Kıray) ne olduğunu tespit ve ölçmeye çalışan bir sosyoloji geliştirir. Ziya Gökalp kendinden önceki modernleşme reçetelerinin; Tanzimat ve Osmanlı milleti yaratmak ve yol arayışlarının “Üç Tarz-ı Siyaset” , farkında olarak ve tarihsel tecrübeden de faydalanarak yeni inşa edilecek Türk devleti ve milletine kendi dönemi itibariyle çözümler üretmiş bir düşünür ve sosyologdur. Sadece teorik değil uygulamalı çalışmaları ile de Türk sosyolojisinin gideceği yolları II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi’nde belirlemiştir. Hülasa Ziya Gökalp Türk sosyoloji tarihi içinde “Nasıl Modernleşelim?” sorusuna cevap aramıştır. Kimliği, niteliği koruyarak modernleşme yolunu/çözümünü geliştirmiştir.
As Ruínas da Experiência
Authors: Bechtlufft Bade Luiz Henrique , Couto Carreira Ricon Leandro
Published: December 2024

O texto que segue almeja analisar alguns dos conceitos desenvolvidos por Walter Benjamin. Em particular, procura entender a natureza e as implicações dos conceitos de experiência e narrativa e enxerga-los à luz de sua influência para a historiografia. Busca-se entender como a pobreza de experiências comunicáveis denunciada pelo filósofo alemão no que diz respeito à sociedade europeia do século 20 afeta a narrativa, contribuindo para a disseminação e para a fortificação da barbárie. Também se busca compreender a via inversa da dicotomia experiência/narrativa, demonstrando-se o efeito negativo da rarefação desta sobre aquela. Por fim, almeja indagar sobre o papel da historiografia, dentro da concepção benjaminiana, enquanto uma ferramenta que pode ser utilizada como um caminho para desafiar e, eventualmente, parar o avanço da barbárie. Para tanto, uma revisão bibliográfica de algumas produções do ensaísta será desenvolvida, objetivando-se evidenciar cada um dos passos supracitados.
La sensibilité sociale : Une recension critique
Authors:   Université du Québec à Montréal, Caron Pier-Olivier , Royer François ,   Université du Québec à Montréal, Forget Jacques ,   Université du Québec à Montréal
Published: December 2024

La sensibilité sociale se définit comme l’ajustement d’un organisme aux contingences de renforcement social de son environnement (Forget et Rivard, 2010). Ce concept repose sur la loi généralisée de l’appariement (Baum. 1974) et sur l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’attention sociale présente généralement une fonction de renforcement (Sajwaj & Dillon, 1977). La présente recension des écrits empiriques expose les résultats des trente dernières années de recherche sur cette notion de sensibilité. Parmi 83 sujets provenant de 19 études, la fréquence relative des comportements étudiés correspond majoritairement bien aux prédictions de la loi généralisée de l’appariement. Les résultats suggèrent un continuum de sensibilité d’une personne à l’autre, ou d’un type de personnes à l’autre. Ainsi, le comportement des populations tout-venant correspond davantage aux prédictions du modèle tandis que les personnes ayant un syndrome d’Asperger sembleraient insensibles aux renforçateurs sociaux. Par ailleurs, la sensibilité sociale des personnes ayant un trouble du spectre de l’autisme présente une plus grande variabilité, à mi-chemin entre ces deux premiers groupes. Toutefois, 78 % des études n’impliquent aucun contrôle expérimental du taux de renforcement prodigué par l’adulte. Si la loi généralisée de l’appariement semble avoir une valeur heuristique pour déterminer le degré de sensibilité d’une personne à son environnement social, l’établissement de la validité empirique et expérimentale du concept reste à démontrer.
La demora de reforzamiento controla la acumulación de reforzadores en ratas
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cruz Luis , Bruner Carlos A. ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: December 2024

Usualmente las ratas consumen de inmediato el reforzador (la bolita de comida). Sin embargo, aumentar el esfuerzo para acceder a la comida (e.g., separando el comedero de la palanca de respuesta), resulta en acu-mulación de comida. Estos resultados son difíciles de interpretar porque aumentos en el costo de la respuesta necesariamente confunden el tiempo para acceder al reforzador. En este experimento se estudió el efecto de la demora de reforzamiento sobre la acumulación de comida. Cada una de tres ratas recibió 50 ensayos diarios en una cámara equipada con dos palancas retráctiles. Cada ensayo comenzó con la extensión de la palanca izquierda por 20 s. Las respuestas no tenían consecuencias pero se contaban. Cuando se retrajo la palanca izquierda inició un periodo de espera de 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 o 64 s. Después del periodo de espera, se extendió la palanca derecha por 20 s y cada presión resultó en una bolita de comida. El número de bolitas se limitó a las respuestas en la palanca izquierda al inicio del ensayo. Los resultados mostraron que el número de bolitas consumidas fue una función creciente, negativamente acelerada de alargar el periodo de espera, sugiriendo que efectivamente la demora de reforzamiento se ha confundido con el costo de la respuesta en estudios anteriores. Se discute la universalidad del gradiente de demora decreciente.
Efeitos do pareamento CS-US aversivo sobre padrões de variar e repetir reforçados positivamente
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Bisaccioni Paola , Hunziker Maria Helena Leite ,   Universidade de São Paulo
Published: December 2024

Os objetivos deste estudo foram: verificar seo pareamento CS-US aversivo, sobreposto ao reforçamento po-sitivo de variar ou repetir, altera os padrões mantidos em linha de base; verificar se os padrões de variabilida-de/repetição interferem na supressão condicionada. Ratos foram distribuídos em dois grupos, denominados Variabilidade (VAR) e Repetição (REP). No Grupo VAR, a emissão de sequências variáveis de 4 respostas de pressão a 2 barras era reforçada, enquanto para o Grupo REP, o reforço (50%) era contingente à emissão de uma única sequência. Após a obtenção de padrões estáveis de variar e repetir, ocorreram apresentações de luzes (CS), de 20s, seguidas por um estímulo elétrico (US) não contingente, de 0,8 mA e 0,5s. Como resultado, obteve-se que: os padrões de variar e repetir mantiveram-se inalterados diante da apresentação dos estímulos aversivos; as respostas foram suprimidas apenas durante o CS (supressão condicionada), independente da linha de base; houve pequena redução na taxa de respostas geral nas sessões. Esses dados indicam que a variabilidade pode ocorrer em contextos aversivos; além disso, que variabilidade e frequência da resposta são dimensões do comportamento que interagem com as contingências de forma independente. Discute-se a relevância dos estudos da variabilidade operante em contingências aversivas.
O Monitoramento Remoto e o Controle Remoto Como Ferramentas Para o Aprimoramento do Controle Experimental
Authors:   Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Costa Bruno César de Pinho , Costa Rubéns Adair ,   Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Costa Leonardo Marcus de Pinho ,   Universidade Católica de São Paulo
Published: December 2024

Pesquisas que envolvam o registro contínuo e completo de um conjunto de respostas do sujeito experimental ao longo de 24h por dia (e que durem por muitos dias consecutivos, por exemplo, meses), são muito difíceis de realizar, dadas as dificuldades de se manter o controle experimental. Oscilações de energia no laboratório, problemas de software, hardware e muitas outras variáveis estranhas podem ocorrer e quaisquer ferramentas adicionais que permitam um acompanhamento mais detalhado dos experimentos e com o mínimo de inter-ferência nas atividades diárias do sujeito experimental seriam de grande importância. O monitoramento e o controle remotos são apresentados como recursos para ajudar a atenuar essas dificuldades, pois é possível acompanhar em tempo real o andamento da pesquisa via monitoramento remoto (imagem e áudio do am-biente experimental) e controlar qualquer função do equipamento via controle remoto por meio de qualquer computador conectado à internet.
Por un conductismo radicalmente humano
Authors:   Universidad de Oviedo, Pérez-Álvarez Marino
Published: December 2024

Se empieza por destacar la Teoría de la Conducta de Ribes y colegas como el sistema psicológico proba-blemente con mayor grado de cientificidad. Se destaca también la figura del propio Emilio Ribes como un psicólogo total. El artículo a comentar es sitúa en este contexto. Se refiere al desligamiento funcional como la propiedad que define al comportamiento psicológico respecto del comportamiento biológico, implicando en su consideración la cuádruple causalidad aristotélica, como metafísica de la conducta, más allá de las con-cepciones al uso. Sobre una base aristotélica y tomando importantes conceptos de la Teoría de la Conducta se propone un conductismo radicalmente humano, más centrado en la noción de persona que en la noción genérica de organismo.
Desligamiento funcional y causalidad eficiente:Comentario a “El desligamiento funcional y la causalidad aristotélica: un análisis teórico”de Ribes-Iñesta
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Pérez-Almonacid Ricardo
Published: December 2024

Se comenta el artículo objetivo de Ribes desarrollando la tesis de que el desligamiento funcional no puede ser la causa eficiente aristotélica. Los argumentos que sostienen la tesis son dos: a) que sea así supone con-fundir lo que se explica y lo explicado y b) una exégesis de la causalidad en Aristóteles y en particular la causa eficiente, exige que ésta cumpla ciertas características que no satisface el desligamiento funcional, en-tre las que se encuentra ser un factor responsable de la actualización, consistir en el contacto entre entidades ubicables y distintas, y que el moviente aporte una forma al movido en donde se actualiza. Se concluye con una contrapropuesta que ubica a la mediación como causa eficiente, entendiendo aquélla como articulación de una arquitectura de contingencias de ocurrencia. Así mismo, se alienta el desarrollo de la lógica explica-tiva de Teoría de la Conducta como alternativa en psicología experimental.
¿Es el desligamiento funcional una causa del comportamiento psicológico? Comentario a “El desligamiento funcional y la causalidad aristotélica: un análisis teórico” de Emilio Ribes-Iñesta
Authors:   Universidad del Rosario, Peña-Correal Telmo Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Se analiza el artículo deEmilio Ribes-Iñesta “El desligamiento funcional y la causalidad aristotélica: un análisis teórico”. Se hace énfasis en cuatro aspectos de este artículo: (a) el concepto de desligamiento y sus antecedentes en la literatura psicológica; (b) el concepto de comportamiento psicológico como cambio e interacción y su explicación; (c) las causas aristotélicas y su identificación con la mediación (causa material) , la estructura relacional (causa formal), el desligamiento (causa eficiente) y el grado de ajuste (causa final); (d) la propuesta de desarrollar medidas molares de estas cuatro “causas”. Se reconocen los continuos aportes de Ribes al desarrollo de la Teoría de la Conducta, pero se toma distancia con respecto de la comprensión que ofrece Ribes de las causas aristotélicas y su identificación con los factores mencionados previamente.
La teoría operante no es una teoría de campo:Respuesta a Emmanuel Zagury Tourinho
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Ribes-Iñesta Emilio
Published: December 2024

Se cuestiona la comparación de la teoría operante con la teoría de campo interconductual. Se examinan las características lógicas de una teoría de campo, los conceptos de teoría y medida molar, así como las características de la categoría de contingencia como noción central de la teoría de campo.
Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático e Terapia comportamental: um estudo de caso
Authors:   Unesp/Bauru, Garcia Vagner Angelo , Bolsoni-Silva Alessandra Turini ,   Unesp/Bauru
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo descreve o caso de uma paciente vítima de abuso sexual na infância que desenvolveu um quadro de Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT). Questões relacionadas a abuso sexual, caracterís-ticas do TEPT e formas de tratamento são discutidas. A intervenção foi conduzida na perspectiva da Análise do Comportamento, tendo como foco as queixas da cliente relacionadas ao transtorno, bem como outras demandas, tais como relacionamento com a mãe e a irmã, dificuldades de estudo (faculdade) e aumento de peso. Procurou-se através da intervenção conscientizar a cliente sobre o transtorno e seu tratamento (Psicoeducação), promovendo autoconhecimento, habilidades sociais, refletindo sentimentos e em paralelo foi trabalhada a dificuldade de estudo e o aumento de peso. Como medidas avaliativas da intervenção (pré/pós-teste) foram utilizados instrumentos para rastreamento de TEPT e comorbidades. Conclui-se que a inter-venção foi efetiva para o desaparecimento dos sintomas característicos de TEPT, bem como para a promoção de repertórios relacionados à queixa da cliente.
Intencionalidade e linguagem: algumas consideraçõessobre Tomasello e Skinner
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará, Allan Sylvio , Souza Carlos Barbosa A. de ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: December 2024

A maior parte dos estudos sobre linguagem tem se centrado nos processos de aquisição e desenvolvimen-to de competências verbais. Esses estudos têm, no entanto, se defrontado com dificuldades conceituais e metodológicas. Tomasello tem enfatizado mecanismos biológicos e sócio-pragmáticos na aquisição e no desenvolvimento de competências verbais. Ao mesmo tempo, sua proposta aborda a produção de repertórios verbais complexos. Uma vez que o conceito de intencionalidade é crítico nessa proposta, o presente trabalho buscou: (1) analisar as relações entre os conceitos de intencionalidade e linguagem nos trabalhos de Toma-sello e de Skinner; e (2) comparar essas análises, a fim de identificar se elas sugerem uma interdependência desses conceitos.
Edward Chace Tolman e o uso da aprendizagem latentee do reforçamento como princípios explicativos
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Pará, Santana Luiz Henrique , Borba Aécio ,   Universidade Federal do Pará
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste ensaio é apresentar uma breve caracterização da aprendizagem latente para, em seguida, apresentar os limites da aprendizagem por reforçamento segundo Tolman. As perguntas de pesquisa fo-ram: qual o papel da aprendizagem latente no sistema tolmaniano? Qual o papel atribuído por Tolman ao reforçamento na explicação do comportamento? Quais as críticas diretas de Tolman à obra de Skinner? A aprendizagem latente é um modelo de aprendizagem controlada por propósitos e pelo ambiente. Tolman atribui três problemas à análise skinneriana: 1) a resposta aprendida não corresponde nem a própria resposta incondicionada nem a uma resposta próxima em topografia a esta; 2) ao emprego equivocado dos termos estímulo e resposta ao tratar dos elementos descritos na aquisição do hábito; e 3) à restrição do controle causal do comportamento à contiguidade temporal entre estímulo e resposta. Tolman julga que a redução dos mecanismos de aprendizagem aos princípios do reforçamento geraria: 1) a desconsideração do papel que os componentes biológicos e cognitivos exerceriam sobre o controle imediato do comportamento; e 2) a restrição temporal da explicação por reforçamento. Tolman apoia seu sistema sobre a aprendizagem latente, inclusive em suas críticas ao princípio do reforçamento, propondo uma análise operacional do comporta-mento que não comprometesse sua natureza intencional ou teleológica.
O que fazer com os eventos privados? Reflexões a partirdas ideias de Baum, parte II: a invasão da privacidade
Authors:   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Zilio Diego , Dittrich Alexandre ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná
Published: December 2024

No primeiro ensaio dedicado à crítica das propostas de Baum (2011a, 2011b) acerca dos eventos privados, tratamos da definição de privacidade e da proposta de análise molar do comportamento. Dando continuidade à nossa análise, neste segundo ensaio focaremos os supostos problemas que, de acordo com Baum, estariam associados aos eventos privados. Os temas centrais serão: a distinção entre privacidade em princípio e priva-cidade contingente, a possibilidade de invasão da privacidade e o papel dos eventos privados na análise do comportamento. Em resposta aos argumentos de Baum, sustentaremos que, mesmo que a tese da privacidade em princípio seja válida, ela não tem como consequência necessária a volta do dualismo mente-corpo, e que tampouco consiste em violação do modelo de ciência natural aceitar os eventos privados (sejam eles priva-dos em princípio ou de forma contingente) como objeto de estudo legítimo da análise do comportamento.
Cyber security problems associated with remote work applications
Authors: AbdellAziz Gharam , Al Salaimeh Safwan
Published: December 2024

Many companies cite cost, scalability, and data integrity as the top three driving factors. Most have long-term plans for the cloud, with 25% planning to use them for most of their market data needs over the next year. However, the most impressive potential benefit of the cloud lies in its ability to provide the powerful analytics and machine learning tools needed to develop AI solutions, as well as unlock the potential for increased profitability. Cloud technologies provide fast and cost-effective on-demand access to large amounts of data. Cloud users can quickly validate the results of experiments, avoiding lengthy approval and implementation processes and costs that previously held the pace of innovation. This research addresses the main problems facing remote work, including distance education, during the situation related to the COVID-19 pandemic, by using current technologies. Where the authors studied the identification, analysis and organization of the most important problems facing cybersecurity related to remote work applications.
Effects of Four Different Levels of Goat Manure on Growth and Yield of Christmas Melon (Laganaria breviflorus) in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Enujeke Emmanuel C. , Anwuli-Okoh Lesley
Published: December 2024

The present study was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Delta State University, Abraka in 2022 and repeated in the 2023 planting season to assess the effects of four different levels of goat manure on the growth and yield of Christmas melon (L. breviflorus) in Abraka area of Delta State, Nigeria. It was a randomized complete block experiment with three replicates. Rates of goat manure applied in tons per hectare were 0, 5, 10 and 15, while the parameters investigated were initial soil physicochemical properties, vine length, number of leaves/plant, number of branches/plant and weight of fruits of Christmas melon obtained after maturity. The study results showed that the parameters assessed were significantly influenced by the application of goat manure, except for the number of branches/plants. At 5, 10 and 15 weeks after planting, plants with a manure application rate of 15that-1 were superior to other treatments. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended that farmers in the study area apply 15that-1 of goat manure for increased growth and yield of Christmas melon.
Physicochemical Parameters of Sabke Reservoir, Katsina State, Nigeria
Authors: Nasir Ismail , Kankara Umar Musa , Yahaya Muhammad Abdullahi , Sadauki Mustapha Amadu , Auta Timothy
Published: December 2024

Reservoirs, as critical water resources, serve diverse purposes such as irrigation, fisheries, and domestic water supply. This study evaluates the physicochemical parameters of Sabke Reservoir in Katsina State, Nigeria, with focusing on understanding their ecological impact and pollution status. The research, conducted between June and November 2024, analysed parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), and conductivity across three sampling stations (upstream, middle, and downstream). Measurements were taken following APHA standards and subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and the Duncan Multiple Range Test at a 95% confidence interval. Results revealed significant seasonal and spatial variations in the reservoir’s physicochemical parameters. Temperature ranged from 27.96°C to 30.00°C, with higher values observed during October. Turbidity peaked at 55.83 NTU in November, exceeding WHO permissible limits and reflecting sedimentation and runoff impacts. pH values remained neutral to slightly acidic (6.32–6.89), suitable for aquatic organisms. DO concentrations (5.09–5.63 mg/L) were stable but slightly below WHO recommendations for aquatic life. TDS values (319.3–397.3 mg/L) exceeded permissible limits, correlating strongly with conductivity (r=0.617, p<0.01), indicating increased ionic concentrations. The study underscores the influence of seasonal changes and anthropogenic activities on water quality. High turbidity and TDS levels pose potential risks to aquatic biodiversity and ecosystem functionality. These findings are consistent with studies across Nigeria and other tropical regions, emphasizing the need for integrated management strategies to mitigate pollution and sustain the ecological health of reservoirs.
Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Guiera senegalensis on Diabetic Albino Rats
Authors: Haruna Hauwa M. S. , Umar Hauwa , Baba Gabi , Zakari Amina
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and body weight effects of G. senegalensis aqueous leaf extract in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic albino rats. Fifty rats were divided into six groups: a normal control, diabetic untreated (negative control), diabetic treated with a standard anti-diabetic drug (positive control), and diabetic groups receiving low (200 mg/kg), medium (400 mg/kg), and high (600 mg/kg) doses of the G. senegalensis extract. Treatments were administered orally for 28 days. Blood glucose levels, and body weight were measured weekly while the lipid profile was measured after 28days of treatment. Results indicated that G. senegalensis extract significantly lowered p > 0.05 the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats, particularly at higher doses. The lipid profile analysis showed a dose-dependent reduction in total cholesterol (TCHOL) and stabilization of triglycerides (TRTG), with an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in treated groups compared to the diabetic control. Additionally, diabetic rats treated with the extract exhibited gradual body weight gain, with the high-dose group showing the greatest improvement, contrasting with weight loss observed in untreated diabetic rats. These effects suggest that G. senegalensis may support lipid and glucose homeostasis and improve overall metabolic health in diabetic conditions, its efficacy may be attributed to bio-active compounds with antioxidant and insulin-sensitizing properties, highlighting G. senegalensis as a potential complementary therapy for diabetes management.
Toxicological Assessment of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Anisopus mannii: Acute and Sub-Acute Studies in Albino Rats
Authors: Haruna Hauwa M. S. , Umar Hauwa , Zakari Amina , Baba Gabi
Published: December 2024

The study investigated the acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous leaf extract of Anisopus mannii in albino rats to assess its safety profile and potential organ-specific effects. Acute toxicity was evaluated using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline 401, with doses ranging from 1000 to 5000 mg/kg administered orally. The rats were observed for behavioral changes, toxicity symptoms, and mortality over 14 days. For the sub-acute study, 20 male rats were divided into four groups and administered 200, 400, 600 mg/kg of the extract, or distilled water (control) daily for 28 days. Biochemical markers of liver and kidney function were analyzed, and histopathological examinations of liver and kidney tissues were performed. The acute study revealed no mortality nor significant behavioral changes (p≥ 0.05), with an LD50 value greater than 5000 mg/kg, indicating low toxicity. Sub-acute analysis showed a dose-dependent increase in urea and creatinine levels, suggesting potential renal stress at higher doses. However, liver function markers, including total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, ALT, and AST, were significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05), indicating hepato-protective effects. Histopathological examination of the liver showed intact hepatic architecture with no necrosis or inflammation, while the kidneys exhibited mild alterations. These findings suggest that Anisopus mannii extract is relatively safe at therapeutic doses but may pose renal risks at higher concentrations. Further studies are recommended to elucidate the mechanisms of action and establish long-term safety profiles.
Incertidumbre laboral en la promoción y reconocimiento del magisterio mexicano
Authors: Ramírez-Mendoza Oswaldo , Ascencio-Baca Gerardo , Armendáriz-Núñez Erslem
Published: December 2024

Los procesos de promoción y reconocimiento para docentes de educación básica en México han pasado por diversas modificaciones, elaboradas y supervisadas por la Unidad del Sistema para la Carrera de las Maestras y los Maestros (Usicamm) y la Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP), que han generado en los trabajadores de la educación una incertidumbre laboral. El propósito del trabajo es identificar las inconsistencias en estos procesos y las dudas que generan en los docentes. La metodología para este trabajo fue el paradigma cualitativo con enfoque histórico a través de la investigación documental. Los resultados encontrados muestran que se han instaurado cambios por parte de la autoridad educativa federal a estos procedimientos que no han permitido tener una estandarización de los rubros que se desea valorar, su puntaje correspondiente, ni tampoco en los requisitos que un docente debe cubrir para ser considerado un participante de dichos procesos. Lo anterior permite concluir que existe un desconocimiento, por la parte patronal, del modelo deseable de docente al frente de las escuelas públicas del país, inhibe la preparación previa de los maestros para estos procesos, refuerza la relación de poder obrero-patronal y, por lo tanto, ofrece una visión difusa del futuro educativo de México.
Narrativas y gramáticas de la violencia escolar en secundaria: el papel de los aprendizajes básicos de ciudadanía
Authors: Muñoz Matías José Miguel , Vergara-Lope Tristán Samana , Hevia de la Jara Felipe José
Published: December 2024

En México, la violencia escolar afecta a los estudiantes y dificulta el logro de metas educativas como la educación cívica. El objetivo principal de este estudio cualitativo fue comprender las experiencias, sentidos, significados y opiniones sobre la violencia escolar en intersección o confluencia con la educación cívica. Se desarrollaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales para recuperar las narrativas de profesores y estudiantes de secundarias de Xalapa, Veracruz. Se identificaron gramáticas que inscriben consensos y disensos sobre el concepto, manifestaciones y “causas” de la violencia escolar. Discutimos la posibilidad de que los aprendizajes básicos de ciudadanía puedan conducir a mejores relaciones entre las personas, constituyendo una alternativa para la educación y prevención de la violencia en las escuelas.
Media and Political Power in Indonesia: A Critical Discourse Analysis of CNN Indonesia's Presidential Club Coverage
Authors: Prayogo Moh. Dey , Fikro Sultoni
Published: December 2024

This research focuses on the news published by cnnindonesia.com, which highlights the pro and contra issues surrounding the idea of establishing the Presidential Club. This topic serves as the focal point for analysis using Van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis theory. This research aims to provide a critical analysis of the coverage regarding the discourse on the formation of the Presidential Club. Through a critical discourse analysis approach, this study will delve deeper into how various narratives, representations, and political interests are reflected in the news coverage. The analysis will emphasize how power and control over knowledge are reproduced through the news text, as well as how resistance and opposition to the idea are reflected in the presented narratives. Through this approach, it is hoped that this research will offer profound insights into the political dynamics and power relations associated with the discourse on establishing institutions like the Presidential Club.
Innovative development of local-territorial consumer markets
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Natkho S.R. , Chernyavskiy S.V. ,   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

Монография подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы 11-ГЗ-2023 «Экономико-правовые проблемы импортозамещения и механизмы использования интеллектуальной собственности для их решения».

В монографии рассматриваются вопросы инновационного развития локально-территориальных потребительских рынков. Для научной общественности, экономистов и исследователей, аспирантов, представителей органов исполнительной власти.

Рекомендовано к публикации на заседании лаборатории интеграции российской экономики в мировое хозяйство ИПР РАН.
The Certification Program Evaluation for Students in Vocational Schools using The CSE UCLA Model
Authors: Priyanto Sugeng , Sahara Siti , Nugraha Hari Din
Published: December 2024

This research aims to get an overview of the evaluation results and various obstacles faced in the implementation of machining competency test certification in Vocational High Schools (VHS). The evaluation method of this program is a qualitative research approach that uses the analysis of Techniques for Sequence Preference with Ideal Solution Similarity (TOPSIS). This study uses the CSE-UCLA model in designing program evaluation, which consists of five evaluation components: system assessment, program planning, program implementation, program improvement, and certification. Data collection involved subjects who were researched by filling out questionnaires, including school principals, vice principals for curriculum, deputy principals for industrial relations, deputy principals for facilities and infrastructure, heads of machining programs, workshop heads, machining productive teachers, and competency certification institutions/professional certification institutions in schools. Participants involved in collecting information used survey forms in five Vocational High Schools (VHS) in the Province of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. In this study, five subjects of State Vocational High Schools were selected The study resulted that the machining competency test certification program has a good level of effectiveness, with certain components assessed as sufficient. Considering the dimension of the system assessment program, the value program planning category needs to be maintained or improved. In the context of program implementation, program improvement, and program certification, efforts are needed to improve the criteria for the better. Therefore, the findings of this study can be considered for the improvement of sustainable certification programs.
Student Center Learning Design : Development of Human Rights Textbooks Based on Case Method and Team Based Project
Authors: Alfiandra Alfiandra , El Faisal Emil , Mariyani Mariyani , Sonada Rilda , Qonita Hanifah , Agustin Salsa
Published: December 2024

This study aims to design learning through textbooks based on case methods and team-based projects in Human Rights courses. The research method used Design design-based research, with data collection techniques such as questionnaires and documentation. The sample in this study was 23 students from the civic education study program, at Sriwijaya University. This study analyzed data using quantitative descriptive methods. The results of the study obtained that 1) the problem analysis phase obtained the results that the results of the analysis of needs and materials showed that learning based on case methods and project-based teams was still not well facilitated; 2) the development phase, a prototype of a textbook was obtained which contained efforts for case method and project-based team learning with assignments in each Course Learning Achievement that analyzed cases and group projects to complete assignments; 3) the trial phase was carried out and input was obtained before being used on a large scale; 4) the reflection phase obtained the results that at this stage the lecturer still had to have a role and competence so that learning could be by the objectives of presenting textbooks based on case methods and project-based teams. The implications of this research have an impact on the ability of lecturers to design learning that improves critical thinking skills in solving problems and realizing the results of thinking into real learning activities.
Enhancing The 6Cs as 21st Century Skills Among Higher Education Students Through An Entrepreneurial Project Learning
Authors: Khotimah Sofiatul , Bambang Bambang , Purwati Atiek Sri , Aysi Siti Aenandari Hadatul
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of enhancing 21st-century skills, specifically the 6Cs (critical thinking, collaboration, communication, creativity, citizenship, and character), through project-based entrepreneurship learning. The research utilized a quantitative approach by surveying with questionnaires on two different class groups. The sample in this study consists of undergraduate students from the Faculty of Economics and Business at Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, selected through a random sampling technique comprising 104 students. The data were analyzed using SPSS 27 software, including the stages of classical assumption testing and an Independent Sample T-Test. The results indicate that the implementation of project-based entrepreneurship learning has a significant impact on enhancing 6C skills among students. Statistical tests indicate a significant difference between the group participating in entrepreneurship PjBL and the group that did not, with the average 6C skills being higher in the PjBL group. The integration of project-based entrepreneurship learning into the higher education curriculum is recommended to further develop 6C skills among students.
Eco-Spiritual Based Green Spirituality : A Systematic Literature Review of Environmentally Conscious Mental Revolution in Education
Authors: Ramli Supian , Rahman K.A. , Muspawi Mohamad , Sobri Muhammad , Mustofa Ady Muh. Zainul , Hasani Salman , Sari Nori Nopita
Published: December 2024

This study aims to provide an understanding of Green Spirituality based on Eco-Spiritual focused on conscious mental revolution environment on education. This research was conducted using the systematic literature review (SLR) method through a qualitative approach, with collecting data from Scopus, Science Direct and Springer. Techniques data analysis used in study was descriptive. The results showed that Eco-spiritual based Green Spirituality that combined spiritual understanding with respect and attention to nature had a connection. It can be seen that Green Spirituality is actually more moderate in its teachings. While the environmental revolution is conscious of education by building spiritual character. Efforts to love the environment must be built and harmonized through real actions starting from society and formal education such as schools and higher education. Implications on study for this guard conscious mental revolution environment that gives vision, inspiration, motivation for environmentalists to construct ethics in the environment education.
Development of Android-based Electronic Flipbook (E-Book) with Augmented Reality Technology in Green Business Courses
Authors: Siahaan Sabda Dian Nurani , Ruslan Dede , Fikri Miftah El , Saragih Lenti Susanna
Published: December 2024

This research aimed to develop an interactive Android e-book using Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance student learning outcomes of Green Business courses. The e-book included both offline and online resources and utilized AR to provide 3D visuals for a more engaging learning experience. The method used was Research and Development (R&D) with the Plomp Model. This model consists of five stages namely Preliminary Investigation ; Design ; Realization / Construction ; Test, Evaluation and Revision ; and Implementation. The data analysis technique is an Effectiveness Test using SmartPLS4 software. The results showed that the Green Business e-book effectively improved students' learning outcomes. This research indicates that visually-based e-books can be an effective tool for enhancing student learning outcomes. Educational institutions should consider developing more digital learning materials, especially those related to topics such as Green Business.
Psychometric Properties of the Course Interest Survey (CIS) : A Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Hidayati Nurkhairo , Mellisa Mellisa , Armayati Leni , Lestari Rini Dwi , Oktaviani Lala
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the CIS using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). This research used an analytical approach and psychometric methods. Participants comprised 112 high school students aged 15 to 17 in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. CIS consists of 34 statement items with four subscales: attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. Data analysis in Confirmatory Factor Analysis was carried out through Mplus  8.11 and SmartPLS. The results showed that CIS performed well on all psychometric indicators: CFI, TLI, RMSEA, outer loading, and AVE. The RMSEA value is 0.107 > 0.08, the CFI value is 0.710 < 0.90, the TLI value is 0.689 < 0.90, and the SRMR value is 0.098 > 0.08. All items and subscales in the motivation variable are valid with outer loading item values > 0.7 and AVE values > 0.5. Based on CFI and TLI, the CIS model is a good fit and can be accepted. Furthermore, the four dimensions or subscales of the CIS—namely, attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction—demonstrate adequate psychometric properties. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the Indonesian version of the CIS is a valid, reliable, and robust instrument for assessing motivation. The implication of this research is that educators can assess student motivation using the CIS instrument because it has been proven to be able to measure elements of motivation.
The Enterprise School Readiness Prediction System (ESRPS) Uses Machine Learning to Assess Children's Readiness for Entering Elementary School
Authors: Umam Muhammad Choerul , Sulistyaningrum I. Cicilia Dyah , Kurniawan Dydik , Febrianto Priyono Tri
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop and evaluate the Enterprise School Readiness Prediction System (ESRPS) to predict children's readiness for elementary school using machine learning algorithms.  This research employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using Borg and Gall’s model and Instruments include questionnaires, programming tools, performance evaluation metrics, and web/database development tools to ensure the system's validity, reliability, and practical applicability.The research analyzes data from 300 students in various Indonesian cities, focusing on attributes like age, gender, and parental education. The system implements four algorithms: Decision Tree, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and SVM. Data preprocessing, model training, and hyperparameter tuning were conducted, followed by evaluation using metrics like accuracy and precision. A web-based application was developed for user interaction and deployment. The result showed that the Decision Tree and Naive Bayes algorithms achieved the highest accuracy at 55%, followed by SVM at 50%, and Random Forest at 45%. This suggests that simpler models may be more suitable for the dataset's characteristics. The system also demonstrated the feasibility of practical deployment for educational use. The study concludes that ESRPS effectively uses machine learning to assess school readiness, highlighting the value of data preprocessing and model tuning in enhancing accuracy. Despite moderate accuracy levels, the study confirms the system's potential for aiding educators and parents in supporting children's transition to school.
The Role of Physical Activity on Psychological Well-Being and Inclination to Ethical Values
Authors: Alemdağ Serdar , Taşkin Muhammet Erhan
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to examine the role of pre-service teachers' participation in physical activity on psychological well-being and inclination to ethical values. The sample group of the research consisted of 606 pre-service teachers of Trabzon University in the 2021-2022 academic year. Data collection tools consist of “Personal Information Form”, “Exercise Stages of Change Questionnaire”, “Psychological Well-Being Scale” and “The Scale of the inclination to Ethical Values”. In the research, which was designed with a quantitative research approach, the survey method was used. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation tests and Kruskal Wallis test were used as statistical methods in the evaluation of the data. As a result of the research it is seen that there is a significant difference between the passive, preparation and active phases of the exercise behavior change of the prospective teachers, and "inclination to ethical values" and "psychological well-being". In addition, it was found that the prospective teachers in the active phase of exercise behavior had higher psychological well-being scores, and the prospective teachers in the passive phase had lower predisposition to ethical values. Based on these results, it is recommended that pre-service teachers participate in physical activities so that the concepts of psychological well-being and inclination to ethical values, which are necessary for them to be well-equipped teachers, can be positively affected.
Determination of the Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of $Smilax$ $excelsa$ L. Extracted with Different Solvents
Authors: Topkara Elif Fatma , Kaba Beyza , Saygın Hayrettin , Turgut Uğurtay Eda , Pashazadeh Hojjat
Published: December 2024

$Smilax$ $excelsa$ L., an edible wild plant whose leaves and shoots are frequently consumed in the daily diet and used to treat various diseases in traditional medicine, grows in certain regions of Türkiye, especially in the Black Sea Region. This study aims to determine the phytochemical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of $S.$ $excelsa$ with different solvents. In this study, the shoots of $S.$ $excelsa$ were extracted with water, 70% ethanol, and 80% methanol solvents and an ultrasound-assisted extraction method was used. It was found that the total phenolic contents of the extracts obtained from the plant were higher in the ethanol (75.09 mg/g) and methanol (74.72 mg/g) extracts compared to the water extract (49.62 mg/g). While the water extract had the highest amount of flavonoids (22.96 mg/g), the 80% methanol extract had the highest amount of total anthocyanins (0.52 mg/g). The efficacy of the extracts against various pathogens was also investigated. It was determined that in the Petri dish in which $Enterococcus$ $faecalis$ ATCC 29212 pathogen was cultivated, a clear zone was formed around the disc into which only the water extract was impregnated. The zone diameter was 2.10 ± 0.08 cm. As a result of the study, it can be said that especially the ethanol and methanol extracts were effective in terms of both the phytochemical properties and antioxidant activities and therefore they exhibited high antioxidant properties.
Diseño de tareas para enseñar estadística y probabilidad a partir de cuentos infantiles
Authors: Vásquez Claudia , Alsina Ángel , López Paula
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer orientaciones para diseñar tareas que promuevan la enseñanza de la estadística y la probabilidad a través de cuentos infantiles de 3 a 12 años. Para ello, primero se describen los conocimientos importantes de estadística y probabilidad y se argumenta el uso de cuentos en el aula de matemáticas. A partir de los planteamientos teórico-metodológicos del Enfoque de los Itinerarios de Enseñanza de las Matemáticas, en la segunda parte se presenta una selección de cuentos infantiles y las correspondientes orientaciones para abordar la enseñanza de la estadística y la probabilidad. Se concluye que es necesario seguir realizando y actualizando inventarios de cuentos junto con analizar su impacto para promover la enseñanza de conocimientos matemáticos en el aula.