bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of geographical location on abundance assortment of Anopheles mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) on malaria parasite rate in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Ngwu G.I. , Okafor F.C. , Eyo J.E. , Ngwu M.I.
Published: April 2021

Assessment of geographical distribution of malaria vectors is essential to effective malaria parasite control. This study evaluated the influence of geographical locations on distribution of Anopheles mosquito species and malaria parasite vectorial efficacy in Enugu State, Nigeria. Mosquitoes were collected, using indoor resting pyrethrum spray collection (IRPSC) method. They were morphologically identified and molecularly (PCR) characterised. The M form (now called Anopheles coluzzii) and S form (now called nominotypical Anopheles gambiae s.s.), were identified using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite rates of sampled mosquitoes and malaria status of households were evaluated microscopically and by using rapid diagnostic kits. An. gambiae Giles (sensu stricto), and bands resembling An. melas and An. arabiensisspecies complexes were observed. Out of 300 An. gambiae s.l. identified using PCR, 243 were An. gambiae Giles (sensu stricto), 6 were An. melas and 5 were An. arabiensis. Out of the 243 An. gambiae Giles (sensu stricto), 184 were M form (now An. coluzzii) and 59 were S form (now nominotypical An. gambiae s.s).The M form (now An. coluzzii) constituted 99% of Anopheles mosquitoes from southernmost part of the study area while northernmost part showed 100% S form (An. gambiae s.s.). The median location had the M form (An. coluzzii) and S form (An. gambiae s.s.) in  sympatric. Sporozoite rate in northernmost area was highest when compared with median and southernmost parts. The S form (An. gambiae s.s.) was observed as more important malaria parasite vector, and the results revealed that geographical location affected species diversities which is an important consideration for malaria control  programme.

Keywords: Anopheles, distribution, sporozoite, malaria parasite
Some Aspects of Reproductive Performance of Red Sokoto Goat Does Post Synchronization with Prostaglandin F2-Alpha And Progesterone Sponges
Authors: Bello A.A. , Voh JR A.A , Ogwu D. , Tekdek L.B.
Published: April 2021

A study on reproduction of 52 Red Sokoto Goat (RSG) does was conducted to evaluate some aspects of their reproductive performance for clinical application and as an update. Does were randomly divided into 18, 18 and 16 as prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2α),  progesterone sponges (P4S) and control groups respectively. Double injection protocol of PGF2α, 12-days apart, and P4S inserted for 12-days were used to synchronize oestrus, while the control group received no treatment. Thirteen bucks were used, seven as breeders and six as heat detectors. Oestrus detection employed visual observation and apronisation. Standing to be mounted was the cardinal  sign of oestrus. Breeding was by hand-mating and at detected oestrus. Results indicated heterosexual and homosexual mounting, thin stringy clear mucous discharge and standing-to-be-mounted as signs of oestrus. Oestrus response rate was 100 %, 94.4 % and 75.0 %  for PGF2α, P4S and Control respectively; P4S retention rate was 94%. Effect of synchronization agent on on-set of oestrus was 15.86 + 0.73 h (PGF2α), 15.08 + 0.84 h (P4S) and 17.73 + 0.85 h (Control), while parity on on-set of oestrus was 12.12 + 1.87 h (first), 17.77 + 0.77  h (second) and 18.79 + 1.95 h (third). Effect of synchronization agent on duration of oestrus was 44.76 + 2.13 h, 45.78 + 2.46 h and 42.40 + 2.50 h for PGF2Α P4S and Control respectively, while parity on duration of oestrus was 42.26 + 5.48 h (first), 45.02 + 2.27 h (second) and 45.67 + 5.73 h (third). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) for oestrus on-set and duration. Overall pregnancy and  conception rates were 65.4 % and 72.3 % respectively, kidding rate was 76.5 %, abortion rate was 23.5 % and late embryonic mortality rate was 26.5 %. Mean gestation were 146.29 + 1.59 and 146.63 + 1.64 for single and twin births respectively. Age, parity and body condition score of dam had significant effect on litter size (P < 0.05). It was concluded that some aspects of the reproductive  performance of the RSG does studied following oestrus synchronization with PGF2α and P4S had clinical application, good and acceptable.

Key Words: Reproductive, Red Sokoto, Does, Prostaglandin F2-alpha and Progesterone.
Occurrence of Salmonella and Shigella on Dried Crayfish (Procambarus Clarkia) Sold in Zaria and Kaduna Central Market, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Kia G.S.N. , Mathias S. , Esonu D.O. , Benjamin E.
Published: April 2021

Dried crayfish is a rich source of protein and an important crustacean consumed all over the world.To determine the occurrence of Salmonella and Shigella in dried crayfish and crayfish sellers practices which may predispose the food item to microbial contamination, dried crayfish were sampled from 100 stalls in Samaru (n=20), Sabo (n=30) and Central market (n=50) markets of Kaduna state. Dried crayfish samples were each homogenized, analyzed for total coliform plate count, then pre-enriched and enriched in peptone water and Rappaport-Vassiliadis broth respectively, which was further cultured on Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA). Non-lactose fermenting colonies were subjected to biochemical and Sugar tests. The overall mean coliform count was 14.95log10cfu/100ml. Salmonella and Shigella species were isolated from 12 (35.3%) and 5 (14.3%) samples respectively. Locational distribution of dried crayfish showed, Sabon gari (13.3%) and Central market Kaduna (6%) having the highest occurrence of Salmonella and Shigella suspect species respectively. Questionnaire survey administered to 100 of the crayfish sellers revealed that most of them 71 (74%) eat uncooked dried crayfish, 39% (44/100) of them use their bare hands unwashed while packaging the crayfish at point of sale. The presence of Salmonella and Shigella in crayfish from these locations is of public health significance. Therefore, public enlightenment on hygiene, sanitation and proper storage and packaging of crayfish to prevent foodborne disease outbreak such as Salmonellosis and Shigellosis in Nigeria is highly advocated.

Key words: Crayfish, Salmonella, Shigella, food contamination and hygiene
Patency and Clinico-Haematological Pathologies Sequel to Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma evansi Induced Infections in Yankasa Sheep I
Authors: Wada Y.A. , Okubanjo O.O. , Rekwot P.I. , Mohammed B. , Oniye S.J.
Published: April 2021

Trypanosomosis remains one of the most deadly protozoan diseases that pose a significant impact on livestock health in the tropics. Sixteen (16) rams aged between 24 to 30 months and weighed between 22-25kg were acclimatized under standard animal housing  conditions. Twelve (12) of the sheep deemed fit and healthy were randomly divided into four groups (I, II, III, and IV) of three sheep each. Each sheep in groups I and II was inoculated intravenously with 2 mL containing 2 X 106 trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma evansi, respectively. While group III, each sheep received 2 mL containing 2 X 106 mixed inoculums of T. brucei and T. evansi (50% each by volume of the infective inoculums). Sheep in group IV served as the non-infected control. Post-infection animals were monitored for 14 weeks for parasitaemia, clinical signs, and haematological pathologies. The patent infection became evident in groups I, II, and III between 5-21 days post-infection with average patency of 7, 20, and 8.5 days respectively. The infection was characterized by intermittent pyrexia with a significant decrease (p< 0.001) in mean weekly packed cell volume (PCV),  haemoglobin concentration (Hb), live weight gain, plasma protein, which significantly decreased (p< 0.001) in all the infected groups. Pearson’s correlation (r) indicates a strong positive correlation (r= 0.991) between parasitaemia and pyrexia, and principal component analysis (PCA) biplot increased the predictabilities of these two indices as the major precursors in the progression of the trypanosomes pathogenesis in sheep.

Keywords: Trypanosomosis; Patency; Clinico-haematological pathologies; Trypanosoma brucei; Trypanosoma evansi; Yankasa sheep
Circular weights in Przeworsk culture – fishnet sinkers or elements of a looms. An attempt of interpretation
Authors: Niezabitowska-Wiśniewska Barbara
Published: April 2021

Clay circular weights are most often interpreted as sinkers for fishing nets or weaving weights – an elements of the vertical warp-weighted looms. The starting point for writing this article was the presence of such specimens at four settlements of the Przeworsk culture located on the right side of the Vistula River (Dobre, Nieszawa Kolonia, Oronne, Puławy-Włostowice). The oldest circular weights are dated back to the Neolithic period. With varying intensity, they are also recorded within the sites of all subsequent periods and in various parts of Europe. The youngest are related to the Middle Ages and Modern Age. The article focuses mainly on circular weights from the Roman Period and the early phase of the Migration Period (Przeworsk culture, Wielbark culture, Masłomęcz group, Luboszyce culture / Elbe circle), also using chronologically and culturally different analogies, as well as the results of experimental archaeology, iconographic and ethnographic sources. Circular weights were analysed for the possibility of relating them with weaving and / or fishing. In the first case, I focus on the analysis of factors such as: the context of the discovery, the number and condition of the weights, as well as their shape, weight and the presence of use-wear traces. In the second, issues such as raw material, accuracy and method of production, as well as weight, place and context of discovery, accompanying artefacts were considered.
Familiarising the landscape: the development of prehistoric settlement in the middle Dunajec River valley
Authors: Markiewicz Joanna A.
Published: April 2021

Despite the continuous increase of archaeological data coming from the Polish Western Carpathians, the colonisation process of the Beskidy Mountains in prehistory is still relatively poorly recognized. The subject of discussion is, in particular, the impact of environmental and cultural factors on the formation of settlement networks in individual periods. This paper considers these questions on the example of a part of the middle Dunajec River basin in the chronological framework from the Neolithic to the La Tène period. Based on the archaeological and paleoenvironmental record, an analysis of settlement dynamics in terms of preferences and economy in the subsequent periods was carried out. The observations made were then interpreted in the context of cultural phenomena. A comparison of the results with the situation observed in other Central European mountain ranges made it possible to formulate some universal tendencies in the settlement development in these zones. In particular, the impact of climate and environmental conditions on the economy was considered, as well as the role of natural resources and communication routes. It has been demonstrated that three main stages can be distinguished in the process of prehistoric mountain colonisation. This mechanism was correlated with the gradual adaptation of the economy and the “familiarising” of the mountain landscape, which offered both some limitations and strategic values determining the specific cultural function of these areas.
Provisions of Polish Law Concerning Interventions Against a Family Affected by Violence – The „Blue Cards” Procedure, its Legal Nature and Practical Problems and Related to Application
Authors: Soćko Michał
Published: April 2021

The subject matter of this article is the analysis of the provisions of the “Blue Cards” procedure initiated in the case of obtaining information about the use of domestic violence. The introduction presents the implementation thereof on the basis of the Act on Counteracting Domestic Violence. Next, the normative definition of domestic violence and family member and problems related to their practical application are discussed. The final sections illustrate the legal nature of the “Blue Cards” procedure, its course and legal steps that may be taken by a person suspected of using violence and family members affected thereby.

Przepisy prawa polskiego dotyczące podejmowania interwencji wobec rodziny dotkniętej przemocą – procedura „Niebieskie Karty”, jej charakter prawny i praktyczne problemy związane z jej stosowaniem

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza przepisów procedury „Niebieskie Karty”, inicjowanej w przypadku powzięcia informacji o stosowaniu przemocy w rodzinie. Na wstępie przedstawiono genezę wprowadzenia tej regulacji na grunt ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu przemocy w rodzinie. W dalszej kolejności przybliżono normatywną definicję przemocy w rodzinie i członka rodziny oraz problemy związane z ich praktycznym stosowaniem. W kolejnych częściach przedstawiono charakter prawny procedury „Niebieskie Karty”, jej przebieg oraz kroki prawne jakie może podejmować osoba podejrzana o stosowanie takiej przemocy oraz członkowie rodziny dotknięci taką przemocą.
Dilemata sociálních pracovníků s ohledem na práci s romským etnikiem
Authors: Prokop Jiří
Published: April 2021

V tomto textu nejprve vymezíme dilemata a popíšeme proces jejich vzniku. Budeme se věnovat popisu dilemat v historii a to prostřednictvím šesti hodnotových a etických směrů. Nastíníme etická dilemata neboli problémy sociálních pracovníků tak, jak jsou pojímány v Etickém kodexu Společnosti sociálních pracovníků České republiky. V další části se budeme věnovat dilematům současné sociální práce. Zvlášť pak ve zkratce popíšeme dilema mezi právem a etikou. Celkem vymezíme osmnáct dilemat a ke každému uvedeme, jak se eventuálně mohou promítnout do práce s romským etnikem. Jedná o osobní zkušenosti autora a také o zkušenosti sociálních pracovníků. Také zde navrhneme možnosti, jak s těmito dilematy pracovat.

Dylematy pracowników socjalnych związane z pracą z romską grupą etniczną

W tym tekście w pierwszej kolejności zdefiniujemy dylematy oraz opiszemy proces ich powstawania. Skoncentrujemy się na opisie dylematów w historii za pośrednictwem sześciu wartości i kierunków etycznych. Zarysujemy dylematy etyczne oraz problemy pracowników socjalnych tak jak są ujęte w Kodeksie Etyki Pracowników Socjalnych Republiki Czeskiej. W części dalszej zajmiemy się dylematem współczesnej pracy socjalnej. Zdefiniujemy osiemnaście dylematów i podamy jak każdy z nich może rzutować na pracę z romską grupą etniczną. Przedstawione zostaną osobiste doświadczenia Autora jak i doświadczenia pracowników socjalnych. W tej pracy sugerujemy różne możliwości radzenia sobie z dylematami.

Dilemmas of social workers with regard to work with the Roma ethnic group

In this paper we will first define the dilemmas and describe the process of their their formation. We will describe dilemmas in history through six ethical value and ethical orientations. We will outline the ethical problems of social workers as they are included in the Code of Ethics of the Society of Social Workers oft he Czech Republic. In the next part of we will deal with the dilemmas of contemporary social work. We will define eighteen dilemmas and statefore each of them how they may eventually be reflected in work with the Roma ethnic group. The author’s personal experiences as well as the experiences of social workers will be presented. In this paper we suggest different options for dealing with dilemmas.
Przyczyny i skutki zjawiska wypalenia zawodowego wśród osób wykonujących zawody służebne
Authors: Pytel Natalia
Published: April 2021

Wypalenie zawodowe nazywane jest chorobą XXI wieku. Nie ma jednej, ogólnej, międzynarodowej definicji tego zjawiska. Przyczyn wypalenia doszukiwać można się w sferze indywidualnej, interpersonalnej oraz organizacyjnej. Syndrom wypalenia zawodowego niesie za sobą negatywne konsekwencje nie tylko dla samej jednostki, ale także dla jej rodziny i przyjaciół. Przedmiotem badań w poniższym artykule są przyczyny i skutki wypalenia zawodowego wśród osób wykonujących zawody służebne.

Causes and effects syndromeof burnout among people to perform profession servants

The syndrome of burnout is called a disease of the 21st century. There is no one general, international definition of this phenomenon. The causes can be found in the individual, interpersonal and organizational sphere. Burnout syndrome has negative consequences not only for the individual, but also for his family and friends. The subject of the research in the article below are the causes and effects of burnout among people working in the profession service.
Cyber Security Deficiencies in the Education Environment
Authors: Șestacov Andrei
Published: April 2021

Information technologies have already radically transformed the communications and information technology sectors, trade, media, and the education sector, especially education, which is on the top priority. Digital technologies will radically change the way data is sent and retrieved, will allow immediate and real-time feedback from students, will facilitate access to education through distance learning, will allow new service providers to enter traditional markets education. Thus, a diligent and well planned implementation of cyber security, as well as information security of information networks of educational institutions will provide a definite competitive advantage in the information environment.

In the context of a dynamic information environment prone to large-scale cyber-attacks, in which cybercriminals are using increasingly advanced methods to implement attack vectors that are undetectable and difficult to neutralize, this scientific study is designed to protect data and security of your institutions as well as to ensure the confidentiality of your students and teachers.

Whether we are talking about large or small educational institutions, this study provides a series of recommendations on the secure use of social networks with a minimum set of measures needed to prevent cyber-attacks as well as reduce the damage caused in case of attacks. At the same time, it will examine the best practices in the online environment, effectively analyze the privacy settings of mobile devices and present some top tips for the secure use of social networks.

The study aims to comply with the following minimum set of measures in order to prevent cyber-attacks in educational institutions, and reduce the damage caused in the event of attacks.

Cyber-bezpieczeństwo w obszarze edukacji

Technologie informacyjne radykalnie przekształciły sektory komunikacji, handlu, mediów i edukacji. Technologie cyfrowe zmienią sposób przesyłania i wyszukiwania danych, umożliwią natychmiastową informację zwrotną od uczniów w czasie rzeczywistym oraz ułatwiają dostęp do edukacji poprzez kształcenie na odległość. Zatem rzetelne i dobrze zaplanowane wdrożenie cyberbezpieczeństwa, a także bezpieczeństwa informacyjnego sieci informacyjnych placówek oświatowych zapewni zdecydowaną przewagę konkurencyjną w środowisku informacyjnym. Artykuł ma na celu przedstawienie środków zapobiegawczych przeciw cyberatakom w placówkach edukacyjnych i ograniczania szkód wyrządzanych w przypadku takich ataków.
THE INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN AID DELIVERED FOR AFGHANISTAN ON PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION AFTER 2001
Authors: MENTEŞ Osman , TALAS Mustafa
Published: April 2021

This study aims to scrutinize historical development, current situation, and main problems of the Afghanistan Education System and the political, social, and economic dimensions of international aid to the country that are made to solve these problems. Following a brief analysis of the historical progress of the Afghanistan education system; the current state of the system and primary, secondary, and community based educational activities in the country in the period ensuing the 2001 US intervention and lasting until 2020 and the place of the foreign aid in the education system and its effects on this system are explained. The resources of this study encompass books; articles; media broadcasts; direct observations in the field and the information obtained through interviews with students, teachers, bureaucrats, politicians, relief workers, and project beneficiaries; and websites, reports and periodical publications of the United Nations, international organizations, state-run institutions of the donor countries, Afghanistan Ministry of Education and Ministry of Economy, which carries out non-governmental organizations affairs in Afghanistan. Through the analysis of the data gathered from accessible sources, it has been revealed that the decades' lasting wars, internal conflicts, poverty, and disasters have destroyed the Afghan Education Sector and unfortunately, no permanent and sustainable solutions could be developed yet despite the significant gains accomplished thanks to intense efforts for nearly two decades. Lacking enough resources and means to solve these problems, Afghanistan remains dependent on aid. Hence, international aid should continue in the field of education as in the other fields more systematically and comprehensively for Afghanistan which is regrettably does not seem to be able to disentangle from this deadlock in the short or medium run and geographical imbalances in the distribution of both public services and international aid should be eliminated. Keywords: Afghanistan, education system, international aid, humanitarian aid, United Nations, Non-governmental Organization (NGO)
THE MOTHER ARCHETYPE and HANDS ON HIPS MOTIF
Authors: ORAN Damla Fatma
Published: April 2021

Symbols have become the most important tool for the human being’s self-expression from the first cave paintings to architecture. Each symbol has formed with values such as a message, thought and wish. In the memory of almost in every culture, the definition of weaving has been done over concepts such as eternity, immortality and plentifulness, however there is scarcely any data about their starting point. Archetype concept can be used to fill in these data blanks. Archetypes, propounded by the Swiss Psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung, modelling the human character and collective unconscious relations, have been efficient in bringing the mythological elements to come in sight. Concepts such as great mother and mother goddess, showing similarity in many geographies, is the biggest example of the mythologies shaped with collective unconscious. Many motifs in weaving involve mythological elements. Therefore, the relation between motif and archetype will provide benefits for defining the output sources of symbols. One of the most important archetypes developed by Jung is the “Mother” archetype. The motif which corresponds to mother archetype is the Hands on Hips in Anatolian weavings. Literature survey has been conducted in this study, emphasizing the relation between one of the symbolic building blocks of Turkish weaving arts; Hands on Hips motif and the mother archetype and as a result of the study, it is surmised that mother archetype has been a precipitating element in motherhood concept in reflecting to the motifs. Key Words: Hands on Hips Motif, Mother Archetype, Weaving, Carl Gustav Jung.
Minimizing the Total Cost of WAMS Using Artificial Electric Field Algorithm
Authors: Al-Khraisat Batool. B. , AL-Dmour Ali. S. , Al Maitah Khaled. S.
Published: April 2021

Wide area monitoring system (WAMS) is one of the most important technologies in modern power systems, it gathers the synchronized time stamped measurements from wide area across power system through a high reporting measuring device such as synchronized phasor measurement units (PMUs).Due to the high cost of PMU itself and its installation cost, it is often difficult to install PMU at each bus in the power system. However, there are several approaches to solve the optimal PMU placement (OPP) with various optimization algorithms. In this paper, a realistic cost model has been proposed to provide optimal PMUs placement (OPP). The proposed model has been solved using artificial electric field algorithm (AEFA), which is a novel optimization algorithm, it was proposed by 2019. In this paper, a binary form of AEFA has been proposed to solve the proposed cost model. AEFA has been implemented in MATALB programming environment, and the results demonstrate that the proposed cost model provides a realistic view of WAMS cost. Additionally, the results have been compared with other optimization algorithm, and it demonstrates that the AEFA is efficient to solve the OPP problem.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF ROMANIA TO CLIMATE CHANGE – THE EFFECTS OF ACCOUNTING THE GHG EMISSIONS FROM LAND USE, LAND-USE CHANGE AND FORESTRY (LULUCF)
Authors: Zgavarogea Ramona Ionela , Iordache Mihaela , Iordache Andreea Maria , Constantinescu Marius , Bucura Felicia , Ionete Roxana Ionela , Grigorescu Remus , Nechita Constantin
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to analyze Romanian (RO) involvement in the LULUCF sector by considering the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) good practice guidance (GPG). Trends were assessed using the Mann-Kendall (MK) test for trend estimation to determine the total greenhouse gas (GHG) (GHGCO₂-eq.) emissions/ removals. The results emphasized the increasing average annual levels of emissions/removals in both the EU-28 and RO when the subperiods from 1990-2005 and 2005-2017 were analyzed. Kendall’s analysis of GHG removal showed a positive trend in Romanian GHG removals, and no trend was observed for the EU-28. In comparison, the emissions indicated an increasing trend for RO and a decreasing trend for the EU-28. The GHGCO₂-eq. generated by the LULUCF sector decreased to an average annual rate of 0.5% per year in the EU-28. In Romania, these emissions increased by approximately 0.2% per year on average. Between 1990 and 2017, the CO2 total absorption increased to 0.9% per year. The methane absorption also increased by 11.7% per year, and no significant increasing trend was observed for methane. The dynamics of GHGCO₂-eq. emissions/removals in RO and LULUCF sectors showed that settlement had decreased in wetlands, and settlement of other land areas had increased. Assessing GHG gas emissions is essential for allowing each sector to promote specific strategies, policies and action plans. This will improve the national-level monitoring of the LULUCF sector and make this information more accessible to decision makers by raising awareness of the Romanian position within the EU-28
Fraudes contra credores e à execução: uma análise a partir da tutela inibitória constante do artigo 615-A do CPC
Authors: Chagas Daniel Hedlund Soares das
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar que a tutela inibitória constante do art. 615-A do CPC, como uma forma de tentar evitar que as fraudes se constituam, bem como conceituar e demonstrar outras espécies de tutela inibitória e seus objetivos, finalizando com o estudo acerca da averbação premonitória em decorrência da certidão comprobatória do ajuizamento da ação de execução, verificando a real efetividade de tal averbação, como forma de garantia de um resultado satisfatória na busca do direito tutelado. Essas garantias se mostram necessárias frente à gama de meios fraudulentos que culminam por deixar o devedor em situação de insolvência, que implicam na crescente insatisfação social em relação à prestação jurisdicional inócua devido ao transcurso de tempo. A morosidade na busca da verdade formal é uma realidade que norteia processos de conhecimento, dando margem para as fraudes e dilapidação de patrimônio, causando a insolvência proposital do executado. No processo de execução, a burocracia procedimental obstaculiza a expropriação mais rápida do patrimônio garantidor de obrigações contraídas pelo devedor.
Apropriação de uma variante estilística como processo identário em página do Facebook
Authors: Ribeiro Oscar Felipe Rodrigues
Published: April 2021

Seja para se sentir pertencente ou para se adaptar as regras do grupo social, o falante é capaz de modificar sua fala, ou seja, fazer uso de diferentes estruturas linguísticas. Desse modo, busca-se investigar, dentro de um contexto específico, como os usuários modificam sua fala de acordo com a situação na qual se encontram. O objeto foi gerado nas postagens da rede social Facebook em um grupo intitulado “Grupo onde fingimos ser idosos confusos com a tecnologia”. Apresenta-se, também, o enquadramento metodológico, já que é necessário em pesquisas que levam em consideração o trabalho com variações linguísticas, além de levantar alguns questionamentos sobre os tipos de variação, formação de identidade e como tais processos são observados no objeto de estudo. Os dados mostram diferenças significativas entre as postagens dos usuários no grupo e suas páginas pessoais na rede social supracitada.
TRANSITION FROM DREAMERS-ENTREPRENEURS TO ACTIVE ENTREPRENEURS: GENDER DIFFERENCES IN NATIONAL ECONOMIES
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Pinkovetskaya Yu.S.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the existing differences in the early entrepreneurial activity of women and men. The aim of the study is to assess the current levels of interest and participation of women and men in early entrepreneurship in modern national economies. The study solved the problems of determining the values of indicators that characterize the intentions of people to create their own new businesses, their involvement in this activity, as well as the ownership of newly created enterprises. The study used the results of surveys conducted in 59 countries during the implementation of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitoring Project as the initial information. The study examined the assessment of 9 indicators that characterize the early entrepreneurship of women and men, as well as the corresponding gender differences. Functions were obtained that demonstrate the distribution of indicators in 59 countries, describing the proportion of women and men, who have intentions to create their own businesses, and are involved in these processes, and are beginners in entrepreneurship. In addition, an assessment of gender differences in 3 stages of early entrepreneurship was carried out. The results showed that in most countries there is a gender gap between the indicators of early entrepreneurial activity, women participate in such activity to a lesser extent compared to men. The author's assessment of the values of indicators for Russia and foreign countries showed that in our country, both women and men are less interested in an entrepreneurial career than representatives of other countries. The results obtained are new and original, and have theoretical and practical significance for governments and entrepreneurs. The methodological approach presented in the article to the assessment of gender differences in early entrepreneurship can be applied in further studies. The new knowledge gained is of interest and can be used in the educational process at universities.
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STATE SUPPORT FOR THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
Authors:   RANEPA Laboratory for Budget Policy Studies, Moscow, Tishchenko T.V.
Published: April 2021

The governments of different countries (the USA, Germany, Japan, China, Russia, etc.), regardless of the principles of economy state regulation that have been formed in them, provide support to the automotive industry enterprises, which is due to the high importance of the industry in creating jobs and the multiplicative effect that is manifested in the growth of production in related industries. The article presents the results of the analysis of the world and Russian practice of using various measures of state support for enterprises.
“Now as a teacher”: Novice Teachers Reflect on English Language Teacher Education in Iran
Authors: Tajik Leila , Mirhosseini Seyyed-Abdolhamid , Ramezani Ameneh
Published: April 2021

This study relied on the reflections of 12 novice English language teachers and 3 supervisors to explore the status quo of teacher training in 3 private language institutes with headquarters in Tehran and about 420 language schools throughout the country. Extensive data collection was done through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and teacher diaries as well as informal peer interviews and observation of occasional meetings of supervisors and teachers. To analyze data, an inductive analysis procedure was used. Findings revealed that current language teacher training courses in the context of concern may require different types of improvements with regard to theory-practice gap, supervised in-service workshops, reflective teaching skills, use of technology, and teachers' experiential learning.
Qualitative Case Study on Challenges Recoupled Parents Encounter Raising Step Children with ASD
Authors: Cann-Milland Sonia , Round Penny
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to address the lack of research into the challenges and issues recoupled parents face when raising their step/biological children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) together in a stepfamily environment. Data shows clinicians, community support services, and policy makers are recognising that stepfamilies are the fastest growing family form to date and hypothesising stepfamilies will become the norm as the most prominent family form in most western countries. Ongoing research recognises the importance of understanding parents’ experiences and perspectives of having a child with ASD, and resourcing and managing their child’s everyday needs, behaviour and necessary treatments. Research exploring the parents’ journey of supporting a child with ASD will benefit families and other relevant formal and informal supports involved with that child. Stepfamilies are distinctly different to the nuclear family in design, origin and function. The researcher, through a small-scale qualitative case study, interviewed two recoupled parents to gain insights from their own personal and stepfamily experiences. This study has substantiated the existing research and highlighted other specific challenges and issues recoupled parents of children with ASD face. The researcher uses the term step/biological children throughout this article in recognition that the child/children is/are connected to one parent as a blood child and the stepparent through the biological parents’ choice in re-partnering. The outcome of this research indicates the need for recoupled parents to have a forum to express their subjective experiences in raising children with ASD. The interviewees articulated the need for further understanding from professional and informal supports when working with children and parents in a stepfamily form.
The Color of Water: An Autoethnographically-Inspired Journey of My Becoming a Researcher
Authors: Klevan Trude , Karlsson Bengt , Grant Alec
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the first author autoethnographically describes, discusses and reflects on her process of becoming a researcher based on her PhD journey. She explores how the development of knowledge and her understandings of what counts as knowledge is entangled with her personal and professional development. The second and third authors join with her to explore and comment on the ways in which her doctoral topic knowledge and her process of becoming a researcher co-evolved. On this basis, all authors challenge and trouble what counts as qualitative knowledge and inquiry in contemporary academia and discuss the need for the provision of curiosity-nurturing and troubling environments.
Meanings and Experiences of Being Transgender: A Qualitative Study among Transgender Youth
Authors: Afrasiabi Hossein , Junbakhsh Marjan
Published: April 2021

Our aim in this qualitative study was to explore the meaning and experiences of transgender youth in their everyday interactions. Participants included 24 transgender youth from Yazd and Isfahan Cities (Iran). We selected participants through purposeful sampling method. Research data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The interview transcripts were analyzed using theoretical coding techniques. The results showed that transgender people like to present their favorite identity in behaviors, wearing and social appearances, their social and domestic acceptance is deferred as the society defines transgender as a taboo and ostracizes persons. They felt themselves in a converse body and under pressure for coexistence by peers and neighbors. They attempt to save their desired identity through daydreaming and performing identity role in solitude.
Applying Online Educational Technology to Foster Financial Literacy: Financial-Institution Leaders’ Insights
Authors: Lee Hazel
Published: April 2021

Financial literacy deficiency is a prevailing problem in United States raising the need for effective financial education. Financial-institution leaders can play a crucial role in promoting financial literacy with their practical experience and expertise. This article sheds new light on the application of online technology to promote financial literacy by exploring the perceptions of financial-institution leaders. Supported by Dewey’s pragmatic constructivist paradigm and the PEST conceptual framework, a qualitative inquiry research through in-depth telephone interviews with 20 leaders from banks and credit unions in Texas was conducted. The findings revealed some common ways to provide online financial literacy education, including website information posting, online financial calculators, external links, social media communication, and partnering with appropriate third parties. The financial leaders perceived that applying online technology would be an enlightening future direction especially for the millennial generation but face-to-face education would remain important. The opportunities included social responsibility fulfillment, corporate image strengthening, marketing, and favorable regulatory consideration. The challenges involved the human and financial resources constraints, IT support, lack of effective evaluation, and how to motivate online learning. Some leaders suggested the use of games, financial incentives, and innovative apps. The policy implications included increase in government support, partnership with schools, embracing financial literacy in the state test, and collaboration among financial leaders, regulators, educators, and policy makers to foster financial literacy for the benefits of the society.
Constructing Professional Identities: Native English-Speaking Teachers in South Korea
Authors: Howard Natalie-Jane
Published: April 2021

Responding to globalisation, a ubiquitous obsession with English has pervaded South Korea and led to the employment of tens of thousands of expatriate English teachers. However, native-speaking English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers may be subject to marginalisation and acculturation difficulties as they navigate overseas employment contexts. Moreover, scholars question the legitimacy of their careers and challenge the bias for their native-speaker expertise. Against this contentious backdrop, this study explores how the experiences and beliefs of native-speaking EFL teachers both promote and hinder their professional identity constructions. Adopting a qualitative, interpretivist approach, interviews are mobilised to document the participants’ lived realities. Resultant to a thematic analysis, an original typology of five conceptualisations of professional identity is presented, contributing to contemporary identity discourse by revealing that expatriate teachers find their sojourns characterised by much ambivalence, and whilst limited positive professional identity is attainable, there are salient barriers to its development.
Professional Interaction in Mental Health Courts: Processing Defendants with Mental Illness
Authors: Staton Monte
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the author presents ethnographic research and analysis of how criminal justice and mental health professionals interact with each other and with criminal defendants with mental illness in running a mental health court (MHC) program. Ethnographic field research included observations of court programs, interviews of professionals, and gathering of textual documents, at nine MHCs in a Midwestern state. In MHC criminal defendants with mental illness participate in a program of regular court appearances, probation supervision, and mandated treatment, rather than being incarcerated in jail or prison. The author utilized the symbolic interaction perspective and examined how the professionals work together to select participants and judge their performances. Professionals interact and share case documents in socially constructing the participant. They operate the program as a filter so that a relatively small number of the population of incarcerated persons with severe mental illness in the state successfully graduate from the program. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Presenting the Good Mother: Experiences of Canadian Adolescent Mothers Living in Rural Communities
Authors: Campbell Karen , Hart Corinne
Published: April 2021

Adolescent mothers and their children are at risk for suboptimal health outcomes making adolescent motherhood a public health concern. However, the experiences of rural-living adolescent mothers are not well understood. Using Lieblich, Tuval-Mahiach, and Zilber’s (1998) narrative methodology approach, the experiential accounts of three rural-living adolescent mothers was explored. Reflecting Goffman’s (1959) presentation of self, the findings of this study revealed how adolescent mothers attempted to construct and present their notion of being a good mother, while coping with complicating rural factors. The need to present as a good mother, the lack of anonymity associated with rural living, and geographical barriers had particular implications for the way in which adolescent mothers access and use professional and personal supports. Maintaining relationships with the infants’ fathers, even when that relationship exhibited unhealthy characteristics, was important for study participants. Implications for practice, education, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Exploring Critical Events in an Inaugural Arts-Based Research Class through Ethnographic Mapping and Poetry-Enriched Narrative Sketches
Authors: Richards Janet , Haberlin Steve
Published: April 2021

Arts-based research (ABR) employs the arts to explore the “experiences of researchers and the people they involve in their studies” (McNiff, 2008, p. 29). Acknowledgement of ABRs’ potential for enhancing social science inquiry has gained momentum along with the development of new ABR methods courses. However, there is a lack of published studies that investigate what goes on in ABR classes (Cahnmann-Taylor & Siegesmund, 2008; Leavy, 2015; Personal communication, The Qualitative Report 2018 Conference). In this inquiry we (Janet, course designer and instructor, and Steve, student and class assistant), employed ethnographic techniques to explore unexpected critical events that occurred in our inaugural ABR class. We wanted to discover why these problematic situations happened. We also hoped to learn how we might have anticipated and resolved these events before they became challenging. Similar to a bricolage process in which researchers cobble different modes of inquiry together, we interfaced ethnographic mapping with poetry-enriched narrative sketches to record and make sense of the data. We discovered some critical events resulted from circumstances outside of the classroom and other incidents were exacerbated because we did not attend to problems when they first developed.
Triple Aims Healthcare Policy Voices of Graduate Student Interprofessional Team Members
Authors: Skolits Gary , Ladd Rachel , Kirkland Paul , Beebe Lora , Roman Marian
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to share the voices of healthcare graduate students participating in an interprofessional course experience, particularly as their voice relate to fundamental healthcare issues care embodied in the Triple Aims. Two research questions guided study efforts: (1) how do graduate students perceive the value of interprofessional learning experiences for their professional development as future healthcare providers? and (2) based on these experiences, how do students perceive the potential for interprofessional teams to address the Triple Aims of health care? This study was based on the qualitative approach of inductive thematic coding (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Findings indicated that course experiences led to favorable perspectives towards interprofessional practice, with students citing particular benefits regarding more effective and efficient patient service. Students also perceived that interprofessional healthcare would advance current practice regarding the first two triple aims (patient healthcare outcomes and patient satisfaction) due its focus on patient-centered care, improved provider communication, and better-informed treatment decisions. Regarding the third triple aim (reduced costs), students noted that healthcare cost savings were possible, but these must be viewed with a macro lens from a long-term perspective.
Exploring Preparation of Pre-Service Teachers’ English Proficiency and Pedagogy: Stories from an EFL Teacher Education Program
Authors: Hadi Abdul
Published: April 2021

Many English teachers today are non-native speakers of English graduating from Pre-service English Teacher Education (PETE) programs in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context. They undertake their teaching career in a strategic but challenging linguistic and educational situation. This paper reports findings from such a situation based on a qualitative case study of a PETE program at an Indonesian university that aimed to explore the nature of curriculum provision in preparation to develop pre-service teachers’ English proficiency and pedagogy. Data were collected from pre-service teachers, teacher educators, and program administrator using interviews, focus groups, and classroom observations. Results of data analyses revealed a nature of curriculum provision that is inadequately supportive in preparing pre-service teachers’ English proficiency and pedagogy. It is represented in three emerging themes: inadequacy of English proficiency in learning to teach English, lack of balance between theory and practice, and inadequate facilitation for contextual and integrated learning experience.
Intercultural Sensitivity Orientations Prior to Short-Term Study Abroad: A Qualitative Study on Prospective English Language Teachers
Authors: Çiftçi Emrullah Yasin , Gürbüz Nurdan
Published: April 2021

Short-term study abroad programs can contribute to the multidimensional development of prospective language teachers. However, participants’ intercultural sensitivity orientations prior to the mobility period can significantly influence the quality and quantity of the outcomes gained from such programs. Therefore, in this qualitative case study, we explored the intercultural sensitivity orientations of a cohort of prospective language teachers from Turkey who prepared to study at three different universities in Italy. We also explored the participants’ perspectives regarding the potential contributions of short-term study abroad to their ongoing language teacher education processes. Following an interpretive analysis of qualitative data, our findings revealed that the participants aligned largely with ethnocentrism although there were individual differences concerning the levels of intercultural sensitivity. Their intercultural perspectives generally lacked complexity and reflected popular, unwarranted discourses surrounding study abroad. Based on these findings and discussions, we made several recommendations for further research and preparation of future participants.