bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Publicidade Comparativa sob Aspectos da Autorregulamentação Publicitária e Consumeristas
Authors: Lisboa Letícia Lobato Anicet , Sant’Anna Leonardo Da Silva
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo determinar se a publicidade comparativa é trata-se de prática ilícita que não deve ser admitida no ordenamento jurídico ou se pelos critérios do ordenamento pode ser praticado. Desta forma, será apresentado o conceito de publicidade, ressaltando a sua importância para o consumo e economia. O método utilizado para o trabalho foi o dedutivo, a pesquisa realizada foi de caráter documental e envolveu a análise de legislação, além de estudos doutrinários, jurisprudenciais, e exame de artigos em periódicos. A propaganda comparativa será analisada com enfoque concorrencial e consumerista, destacando sua regulamentação pelo Conselho nacional de auto-regulamentação publicitária (CONAR) e pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor. Ao final, serão observados o posicionamento do CONAR e dos Tribunais Superiores em relação aos casos concretos relativos à publicidade comparativa.
A Responsabilidade dos Notários e Registradores Públicos –Críticas às Modificações Trazidas pela Lei nº 13.286/2016
Authors: Araujo Yasa Rochelle Santos , Morelatto Aline Fátima
Published: January 2018

As modificações trazidas pela Lei nº 13.286/2016 substituíram a aplicação da responsabilidade objetiva no âmbito do serviço notarial adotando-se a modalidade subjetiva no caso de dano praticado contra terceiro. Ademais, fixou-se o prazo prescricional de três anos para as ações indenizatórias intentadas em face destes profissionais. O presente trabalho fomenta uma reflexão crítica a respeito dessas mudanças, enfatizando os fundamentos legais da adoção da responsabilidade objetiva e subjetiva no ordenamento brasileiro e os princípios constitucionais que servem de subsídio a essa incidência.
A HONRA OBJETIVA DAS PESSOAS JURÍDICAS E O DIREITO DE REPOSTA EM FACE DE NOTÍCIAS DE SUSPEITA DE ENVOLVIMENTO EM CASOS DE CORRUPÇÃO
Authors: Souza e Souza Marcus Vinícius de , Rocha Maria Vital da
Published: January 2018

Foi regulamentado no Brasil o direito de resposta. Recentemente, também tornou-se recorrente a divulgação de notícias jornalísticas acerca do envolvimento de pessoas jurídicas em atos de corrupção. Tais notícias são, geralmente, publicadas antes do trânsito em julgado de sentenças judiciais condenatórias, de modo que retratam suspeitas da prática de atos ilícitos. Tais notícias repercutem sobre os direitos da personalidade dos personagens envolvidos, surtindo influência sobre sua honra objetiva. O intuito é verificar se a divulgação de notícias da suspeita do envolvimento de pessoas jurídicas em casos de corrupção enseja direito de resposta em razão da violação de sua honra objetiva.
TERRITÓRIO INDÍGENA E PLURALISMO JURÍDICO: INTER-RELAÇÃO COM O PROCESSO DE REGULARIZAÇÃO FUNDIÁRIA
Authors: Nonato Domingos Do Nascimento , Tapajós Mota Maria Das Graças
Published: January 2018

Aborda-se a ação do Estado brasileiro quanto à efetivação da demarcação e regularização fundiária dos territórios indígenas, com base nos seus direitos, sobretudo os direitos territoriais vigentes, de acordo com a Constituição da República e outros dispositivos legais. Analisa-se o pluralismo jurídico à luz da antropologia jurídica, com enfoque sobre o campo social. Reflete-se, ainda, acerca da Proposta de Emenda Constitucional – PEC 215/2000, que transfere do Executivo para o Legislativo a palavra final sobre a demarcação de terras indígenas, e é enfrentado pelos diversos povos indígenas e ativistas como uma ameaça aos direitos conquistados por tais povos.
Assessment of efficacy of trastuzumab (Herceptin) comprising adjuvant therapy of HER2+ breast cancer patients determined based upon statistical analysis of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (PFS)
Authors: Jagielska Beata , Czubek Andrzej , Tałasiewicz Konrad , Twarowski A. , Rutkowski P. , Krzakowski Maciej , Saetre Bianka Kathryn , Malecki Marek
Published: January 2018

Introduction

In patients suffering from breast cancer, adjuvant radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy, which immediately follow the surgery as the first line therapy, greatly improve overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Various regimens of adjuvant therapy for these patients have been tested contingent upon the clinical staging. Inclusion of adjuvant immunotherapy is particularly promising.

Specific aim

The aim of this study was to assess efficacy of trastuzumab (Herceptin) - comprising adjuvant immunotherapy in terms of overall and disease-free survival as compared to other adjuvant therapies.

Patients

All patients were presented with the Patient Bill of Rights and have provided the Patient Informed Consent to participate in this study. Eligible patients include those with primary tumors initially staged at the clinical stages: I-T1c N0, II-T0-2, N0-1, or IIIA-T3 N1, or patients for whom neoadjuvant chemotherapy provides the possibility to remove surgically a tumor at the stage IIIA T0-3 N2.

Of 9,058 patients enrolled in the Breast Cancer Treatment Program between 2008 and 2015, 6,832 fulfilled the inclusion criteria.

Statistical Analysis

The effects of clinical and demographic factors on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using Cox’s proportional hazards regression models. OS and DFS were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier calculations. The study was meeting the criteria for a controlled, open-access clinical trial.

Results

OS rates for years 1-7 were, respectively, 99.42%, 97.26%, 94.57%, 92.41%, 90.48%,

88.63%, and 88.23%; thus with the 5-year survival at 90.48%. The corresponding data for DFS were 96.17%, 84.07%, 77.26%, 72.57%, 68.59%, 65.04%, and 63.05%, respectively; thus with the 5-year DFS at 68.59%.

Adverse effects, with the exception of cardiac complications, occurred in 1194 (17%), while causing withdrawal of 421 (6%) patients. Most of other adverse events were related to hepatotoxicity 1755 (25%) and fatigue 681 (9.7%).

Conclusion

These results demonstrate the great benefits of inclusion of immunotherapy as the adjuvant component as currently the best overall therapeutic strategy for the patients suffering breast cancers. As this strategy greatly exceeds any other therapeutic options available for practicing oncologists at the present time, it definitely justifies allocation of all needed public resources, while assuring highest quality health service for the patients in Poland.
FUNGSI EKOLOGIS HUTAN MENURUT SISWA KELUARGA PELAKU ILLEGAL LOGING
Authors: Maskhur Maskhur
Published: January 2018

Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan pemaknaan dan sikap siswa SDN3 Kluwih Bandar Batang keluarga pelaku illegal loging terhadap fungsi hutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma dan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara kepada 12 subjek yang telah ditentukan secara purposif. Data yang didapat kemudian dianalisis dengan model anailis interaktif dengan mengacu pada teori Milles & Huberman. Hasil riset ini menunjukkan bahwa pemaknaan mereka terhadap hutan menjadi negative dan sesat. Walaupun pengetahuan para siswa tersebut tentang fungsi ekologis hutan masih positif dan baik. Pemahaman mereka atas fungsi ekologi hutan sangat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku pelaku penebangan hutan, yang mana adalah keluarga dekat mereka sendiri. Walaupun sikap mereka secara kognitif dan afektif sangat positif namun secara konatif sikap mereka sangat negatif.This article describes elementary knowledge and attitudes of students of SDN 3 Kluwih Banda Batang which had relathionship family with illegal loging agent. This used qualitative paradigm with phenomological perspective. Data collected through observation, interviews with 12 subjects who have been determined purposively. The data obtained were analyzed using an interactive model with reference to the theory of Milles and Huberman. The results of this research indicate that they purport to be negative and misguided forest. Hence the students knowledge about the ecological function of the forest is still positive and good. Their understanding of forests ecological functions are influenced by the behavior of agents of deforestation, which are close relatives of their own. Although their attitude is very positive cognitive and affective manner connective but their attitude was very negative.
The Sublime and Human Creations
Authors: McShane Brendan
Published: January 2018

Immanuel Kant pre-emptively excludes all man-made contrivances from his definition of the sublime. The limitations of human creation and the purposiveness in its design preclude it from consideration from both mathematical and dynamic sublimity. At best, human creation is “second-order” or “impurely” sublime.  This paper thoroughly considers this assertion and searches for possible exceptions, both hypothetical and extant. It implies that humankind may be a nearing a point where it is able to create a pure example of the sublime, as defined by Kant.
Computational Completeness of Interaction Machines and Turing Machines
Authors: Wegner Peter , Eberbach Eugene , Burgin Mark
Published: January 2018

In the paper we prove in a new and simple way that Interaction

machines are more powerful than Turing machines. To do that

we extend the definition of Interaction machines to multiple interactive

components, where each component may perform simple computation.

The emerging expressiveness is due to the power of interaction and allows

to accept languages not accepted by Turing machines. The main

result that Interaction machines can accept arbitrary languages over a

given alphabet sheds a new light to the power of interaction. Despite of

that we do not claim that Interaction machines are complete. We claim

that a complete theory of computer science cannot exist and especially,

Turing machines or Interaction machines cannot be a complete model of

computation. However complete models of computation may and should

be approximated indefinitely and our contribution presents one of such

attempts.
Benchmark: A Nonlinear Reachability Analysis Test Set from Numerical Analysis
Authors: Tran Hoang-Dung , Nguyen Luan Viet , Johnson Taylor T
Published: January 2018

The field of numerical analysis has developed numerous benchmarks for evaluating differential and algebraic equation solvers. In this paper, we describe a set of benchmarks commonly used in numerical analysis that may also be effective for evaluating continuous and hybrid systems reachability and verification methods. Many of these examples are challenging and have highly nonlinear differential equations and upwards of tens of dimensions (state variables). Additionally, many examples in numerical analysis are originally encoded as differential algebraic equations (DAEs) with index greater than one or as implicit differential equations (IDEs), which are challenging to model as hybrid automata. We present executable models for ten benchmarks from a test set for initial value problems (IVPs) in the SpaceEx format (allowing for nonlinear equations instead of restricting to affine) and illustrate their conversion to several other formats (dReach, Flow*, and the MathWorks Simulink/Stateflow [SLSF]) using the HyST tool. For some instances, we present successful analysis results using dReach and SLSF.
Branching Processes of Conservative Nested Petri Nets
Authors: Frumin Daniil , Lomazova Irina
Published: January 2018

Nested Petri nets (NP-nets) is an extension of the Petri nets formalism within the “nets-within-nets” approach, when tokens in a marking are themselves Petri nets which have autonomous behavior and synchronize with the system net. The formalism of NP- nets allows modeling multi-level multi-agent systems with dynamic structure in a natural way. In this paper we define branching processes and unfoldings for conservative NP- nets, i.e. for NP-nets with a persistent set of agents. We prove that NP-nets unfoldings satisfy the fundamental property of unfoldings, and thus can be used for verification of conservative NP-nets in line with classical unfolding methods.
Nitpick: A Counterexample Generator for Isabelle/HOL Based on the Relational Model Finder Kodkod
Authors: Blanchette Jasmin Christian
Published: January 2018

Nitpick is a counterexample generator for Isabelle/HOL that builds on Kodkod, a SAT-based first-order relational model finder. Nitpick supports unbounded quantification, (co)inductive predicates and datatypes, and (co)recursive functions. Fundamentally a finite model finder, it approximates infinite types by finite subsets. Our experimental results on Isabelle theories and the TPTP library indicate that Nitpick generates more counterexamples than other model finders for higher-order logic, without restrictions on the form of the formulas to falsify.
Industrial Use of ACL2: Applications, Achievements, Challenges, and Directions
Authors: Moore J , Heule Marijn
Published: January 2018

Industrial applications of interactive theorem proving dates back to the eighties. Enabling and achieving industrial successes has been an important focus of the ACL2 community. The ARCADE call-for-papers appears to ignore these results and the potential of automated reasoning in industry in the future. We briefly describe the penetration of the ACL2 theorem proving system into the microprocessor industry, list some of milestones achieved, the obstacles standing in the way, and some future research directions.
Hesitant Fuzzy MADM Approach in Optimal Selection of Investment Projects
Authors: Khutsishvili Irina , Sirbiladze Gia , Tsulaia Gvanca
Published: January 2018

The article proposes a multi-attribute decision making (MADM) approach, which is applied to the problem of optimal selection of the investment projects. This novel methodology comprises two stages. First, it makes ranking of projects based on TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method presented in hesitant fuzzy environment. We consider the case when the information on the weights of the attributes is completely unknown. The identification of the weights of the attributes is made in the context of hesitant fuzzy sets and is based on the De Luca-Termini information entropy. The ranking of alternatives is made in accordance with the proximity of their distance to the positive and negative ideal solutions. Second stage of the methodology allows making the most profitable investment in several projects simultaneously. The decision on an optimal distribution of allocated investments among the selected projects is provided using the method developed by the authors for a possibilistic bicriteria optimization problem. An investment example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed approach.
Hybrid Unification in the Description Logic EL
Authors: Baader Franz , Fernandez Gil Oliver , Morawska Barbara
Published: January 2018

Unification in Description Logics (DLs) has been proposed as an inference

service that can, for example, be used to detect redundancies in ontologies.

For the DL EL, which is used to define several large

biomedical ontologies, unification is NP-complete. However, the unification algorithms for EL developed

until recently could not deal with ontologies containing general concept inclusions (GCIs).

In a series of recent papers we have made some progress towards addressing this problem, but the ontologies the

developed unification algorithms can deal with need to satisfy a certain cycle restriction.

In the present paper, we follow a different approach. Instead of restricting the input ontologies,

we generalize the notion of unifiers to so-called hybrid unifiers. Whereas classical unifiers can be viewed as acyclic TBoxes,

hybrid unifiers are cyclic TBoxes, which are interpreted together with the ontology of the input using a hybrid semantics that

combines fixpoint and declarative semantics. We show that hybrid unification in EL is NP-complete
SAT Encodings for the Car Sequencing Problem
Authors: Mayer-Eichberger Valentin , Walsh Toby
Published: January 2018

Car sequencing is a well known NP-complete problem. This

paper introduces encodings of this problem into CNF based on sequential

counters. We demonstrate that SAT solvers are powerful in this domain

and report new lower bounds for the benchmark set in the CSPlib.
Formal Verification of a Multi-Basal Insulin Infusion Control Model
Authors: Chen Xin , Dutta Souradeep , Sankaranarayanan Sriram
Published: January 2018

The artificial pancreas concept automates the delivery of insulin to patients with type-1 diabetes, sensing the blood glucose levels through a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and using an insulin infusion pump to deliver insulin. Formally verifying control algorithms against physiological models of the patient is an important challenge. In this paper, we present a case study of a simple hybrid multi-basal control system that switches to different preset insulin delivery rates over various ranges of blood glucose levels. We use the Dalla- Man model for modeling the physiology of the patient and a hybrid automaton model of the controller. First, we reduce the problem state space and replace nonpolynomial terms by approximations with very small errors in order to simplify the model. Nevertheless, the model still remains nonlinear with up to 9 state variables.

Reachability analysis on this hybrid model is used to verify that the blood glucose levels remain within a safe range overnight. This poses challenges, including (a) the model exhibits many discrete jumps in a relatively small time interval, and (b) the entire time horizon corresponding to a full night is 720 minutes, wherein the controller time period is 5 minutes. To overcome these difficulties, we propose methods to effectively handle time- triggered jumps and merge flowpipes over the same time interval. The evaluation shows that the performance can be improved with the new techniques.
Different Proofs are Good Proofs
Authors: Sutcliffe Geoff , Chang Cynthia , Ding Li , McGuinness Deborah , Pinheiro da Silva Paulo
Published: January 2018

In order to compare the quality of proofs, it is necessary to measure artifacts of the proofs, and evaluate the measurements to determine differences between the proofs. This paper discounts the approach of ranking measurements of proof artifacts, and takes the position that different proofs are good proofs. The position is based on proofs in the TSTP solution library, which are generated by Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems applied to first-order logic problems in the TPTP problem library.
Geometric Constraints for the Phase Problem in X-Ray Crystallography
Authors: Heldt Corinna , Bockmayr Alexander
Published: January 2018

X-ray crystallography is one of the main methods to establish the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules. In an X-ray experiment, one can measure only the magnitudes of the complex Fourier coefficients of the electron density distribution under study, but not their phases. The problem of recovering the lost phases is called the phase problem. Building on earlier work by Lunin/Urzhumtsev/Bockmayr, we extend their constraint-based approach to the phase problem by adding further 0-1 linear programming constraints. These constraints describe geometric properties of proteins and increase the quality of the solutions. The approach has been implemented using SCIP and CPLEX, first computational results are presented here.
Formal Requirements Capturing using VRS system
Authors: Letichevsky Alexander , Kolchin Alexander , Letychevskyy jr. Oleksandr , Potiyenko Stepan , Volkov Vlad , Weigert Thomas
Published: January 2018

We give a short overview of main functionalities and specification language of the VRS system. That environment was succesfully used for formalization and verification of ~30 software development projects implemented in Motorola. The system support both model checking and theorem proving techniques enhanced with invariants generation.
Ranking Functions for Linear-Constraint Loops
Authors: Ben-Amram Amir
Published: January 2018

Ranking functions are a tool successfully used in termination analysis, complexity analysis, and program parallelization.

Among the different types of ranking functions and approaches to finding them, this talk will concentrate on

functions that are found by linear programming techniques. The setting is that of

a loop that has been pre-abstracted so that

it is described by linear constraints over a finite set of numeric variables.

I will review results (more or less recent) regarding the search for

ranking functions which are either linear or lexicographic-linear.
On Solving MaxSAT Through SAT
Authors: Ansótegui Carlos , Bonet María Luisa , Levy Jordi
Published: January 2018

In this paper we present a Partial MaxSAT solver based on successive calls to a SAT solver. At the kth iteration the SAT solver tries to certify that there exist an assignment that satisfies all but k clauses. The key idea is to add an additional variable to each soft clause and to introduce, at each iteration, at-least and at-most cardinality constraints restricting the possible values of these variables. We prove the correctness of our algorithm and compare it with other (Partial) MaxSAT solvers.
Proving uniformity and independence by self-composition and coupling
Authors: Barthe Gilles , Espitau Thomas , Grégoire Benjamin , Hsu Justin , Strub Pierre-Yves
Published: January 2018

Proof by coupling is a classical proof technique for establishing probabilistic properties of two probabilistic processes, like stochastic dominance and rapid mixing of Markov chains. More recently, couplings have been investigated as a useful abstraction for formal reasoning about relational properties of probabilistic programs, in particular for modeling reduction-based cryptographic proofs and for verifying differential privacy. In this paper, we demonstrate that probabilistic couplings can be used for verifying non-relational probabilistic properties. Specifically, we show that the program logic pRHL—whose proofs are formal versions of proofs by coupling—can be used for formalizing uniformity and probabilistic independence. We formally verify our main examples using the EasyCrypt proof assistant.
Expression Compatibility Problem
Authors: Haeri Seyed Hossein , Schupp Sibylle
Published: January 2018

We solve the Expression Compatibility Problem (ECP) – a variation of the famous Expression Problem (EP) which, in addition to the classical EP concerns, takes into consideration the replacement, refinement, and borrowing of algebraic datatype (ADT) cases. ECP describes ADT cases as components and promotes ideas from Lightweight Family Polymorphism, Class Sharing, and Expression Families Problem. Our solution is based on a formal model for Component-Based Software Engineering that pertains to the Expression Problem. We provide the syntax, static semantics, and dynamic semantics of

our model. We also show that our model can be used to solve the Expression Families

Problem as well. Moreover, we show how to embed the model in Scala.
Finding Minimal Reaction Sets in Large Metabolic Pathways
Authors: Soh Takehide , Inoue Katsumi
Published: January 2018

In systems biology, identifying vital functions like glycolysis from a given metabolic pathway is important to understand living organisms. In this paper, we particularly focus on the problem of finding minimal sub-pathways producing target metabolites from source metabolites. We represent laws of biochemical reactions in propositional formulas and use a state-of-the-art SAT solver as a minimal model generator to solve the problem efficiently. An advantage of our method is that it can treat reversible reactions represented by cycles. Moreover recent advances of SAT technologies enables us to obtain solutions for large pathways. We have applied our method to a whole Escherichia coli pathway. As a result, we found 5 sets of reactions including the conventional glycolysis sub-pathway described in a biological database EcoCyc.
Challenges for Fast Synthesis Procedures in SMT
Authors: Reynolds Andrew
Published: January 2018

A number of synthesis applications are made possible by automated tools for synthesis. Recent work has shown that SMT solvers, instead of just acting as subroutines for automated software synthesis tasks, can be instrumented to perform synthesis themselves. This paper focuses on some of the current challenges for developing fast and useful procedures in SMT solvers for the benefit of synthesis applications.
Parametric Exploration of Rewriting Logic Computations
Authors: Alpuente María , Ballis Demis , Frechina Francisco , Sapiña Julia
Published: January 2018

This paper presents a parameterized technique for the inspection of Rewriting Logic computations that allows the non-deterministic execution of a given rewrite theory to be followed up in different ways. Starting from a selected state in the computation tree, the exploration is driven by a user-defined, inspection criterion that specifies the exploration mode. By selecting different inspection criteria, one can automatically derive useful debugging facilities such as program steppers and more sophisticated dynamic trace slicers that facilitate the detection of control and data dependencies across the computation tree. Our methodology, which is implemented in the Anima graphical tool, allows users to capture the impact of a given criterion, validate input data, and detect improper program behaviors.
An Incremental Algorithm to Optimally Maintain Aggregate Views
Authors: Mohapatra Abhijeet , Genesereth Michael
Published: January 2018

We propose an algorithm called CReaM to incrementally maintain materialized aggregate views with user-defined aggregates in response to changes to the database tables from which the views are derived. We show that when the physical design of the underlying database is optimized, the time taken by CReaM to update an aggregate view is optimal.
Análisis de la fundación del EZLN en Chiapas desde la perspectiva de la acción colectiva insurgente
Authors: Cedillo Cedillo Adela
Published: January 2018

El artículo analiza los elementos que originan la acción colectiva insurgente tomando como referente el caso de la fundación del Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN) en 1983. A través de la reconstrucción del proceso formativo de las FLN-EZLN se cuestionan las interpretaciones estructuralistas y se enfatiza el juego dinámico de los factores estructurales, coyunturales, organizacionales y subjetivos. Se plantea que el  éxito inicial de la convocatoria de los guerrilleros entre  comunidades indígenas de las regiones Norte y Cañadas se debió al agotamiento de otras ofertas políticas.
El origen del proyecto turístico Cancún, México. Una valoración de sus objetivos iniciales a 42 años de su nacimiento
Authors: Espinosa Coria Horacio
Published: January 2018

A finales de los años sesenta, oficiales del Banco de México  fomentaron el turismo para contrarrestar los efectos negativos de una estrategia de crecimiento económico basada en la  industrialización a través de la sustitución de importaciones. El análisis del contexto que dio surgimiento a Cancún y de los cambios demográficos, económicos y sociales ocurridos con su crecimiento, permite valorar con mayor objetividad el cumplimiento de los objetivos que originalmente tuvo el proyecto Cancún. Ello hace  posible, asimismo, interpretar la visión de desarrollo que los  promotores de este proyecto tuvieron.
Una interfaz transfronteriza compleja. El caso del Golfo de Fonseca: El Salvador, Honduras y Nicaragu a
Authors: Medina Lucile
Published: January 2018

La región del Golfo de Fonseca es conocida por las discrepancias en las delimitaciones fronterizas que han enfrentado los tres Estados ribereños â€”El Salvador, Honduras y Nicaraguaâ€”. El presente artículo analiza esta región a través del concepto de interfaz. Explora la dimensión de contacto que ofrece la interfaz. El caso del Golfo de Fonseca  pone en evidencia las múltiples dimensiones de una interfaz compleja como las siguientes: una interfaz política en construcción, una interfaz apropiada por la sociedad civil y, finalmente, una interfaz hoy ampliada que se extiende desde una dimensión transfronteriza a una dimensión trinacional.
Rebelión social y contrainsurgencia en Guatemala, 1981-1983. Conformación estatal y potencialidad revolucionaria
Authors: Palencia Frener Sergio Guillermo
Published: January 2018

Hacia 1981, el Estado de Guatemala entró en una profunda crisis. La expansión de la producción finquera y los gobiernos militares habían entrado en conflicto con la sobrevivencia misma de las comunidades indígenas del Altiplano. En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la crisis a partir del temor estatal por la confluencia entre guerrilla y rebeldía comunitaria. La contrainsurgencia, en tanto proceso, puede rastrearse como práctica presente en la violenta relación histórica entre comunidades y Estado. Veremos cómo se expresó la síntesis entre las fuerzas finqueras-estatales contra el levantamiento indígena.
Latinoamérica y el Apocalipsis: íconos visuales en Blade Runner y Elysium
Authors: Arteaga Botello Nelson
Published: January 2018

En el presente trabajo se subraya cómo las distopías fílmicas proyectan formas específicas de dominación y tensiones sociales que es posible encontrar en las sociedades contemporáneas. Se analizan las películas Blade Runner y Elysium a partir de cuatro elementos iconográficos que comparten: la ciudad de Los Ángeles, el abandono de la tierra por sus élites, un contexto social multicultural, así como la presencia de tecnologías de vigilancia social. El trabajo muestra cómo estas películas construyen una idea de lo latinoamericano que da sentido a los escenarios apocalípticos futuros, y proyectan a la vez el presente de las sociedades latinoamericanas.
Las fronteras en un mundo globalizado
Authors: Fábregas Puig Andrés
Published: January 2018

En las siguientes tres secciones, elaboro una serie de  consideraciones desde la observación de las fronteras políticas y las fronteras culturales, finalizando con un comentario acerca de las  fronteras en las propias ciencias sociales.
La Asamblea Internacional 2003-2004 de los testigos de Jehová ¿una nueva oportunidad en México?
Authors: Higuera Bonfil Antonio
Published: January 2018

En este texto se presentará una hipótesis de trabajo que apunta hacia la conclusión de un ciclo de crecimiento de los testigos de Jehová en México, lo que daría paso a una nueva etapa, que privilegiaría la continuidad de su obra en el mediano plazo. La asamblea internacional denominada Demos gloria a Dios, celebrada en México del 5 al 9 de noviembre de 2003, es un buen ejemplo del proceso que se postula está experimentando la organización central de los testigos de Jehová en los últimos años.
Invocaciones de lo étnico e imaginario sociopolítico en México
Authors: Escalona Victoria José Luis
Published: January 2018

La formación del Estado ha implicado la producción de ciertas prácticas institucionalizadas, como las correspondientes a la burocracia agraria y agropecuaria, al instituto indigenista y a la educación pública, prácticas que tienen que ver con la formación de grupos, relaciones y solidaridades en lo que se refiere al ámbito rural mexicano; de igual manera, están relacionadas con la producción de discursos ideológicos como el indigenismo, el campesinismo, el desarrollismo y el nacionalismo, los cuales acompañan y sustentan tales prácticas.
Reseña de Lau, Kimberly J., 2000, New Age Capitalism. Making Money East of Eden, University of Pennsylvania Press, Filadelfia.
Authors: Muñoz Vega Alicia
Published: January 2018

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Una reforma del Estado indispensable, entrampada por la partidocracia y los poderes fácticos
Authors: Alonso Sánchez Jorge
Published: January 2018

Nos encontramos ante una situación realmente paradójica. Ha crecido la conciencia de la necesidad de una profunda reforma democrática del Estado; aun así la parte activa de la sociedad que podría impulsarla se encuentra desilusionada, desgastada, fragmentada y pasiva. Ciertamente una auténtica reforma del Estado no saldrá de parciales arreglos entre los partidos, ni sólo de las elites. Si desde una sociedad plural y activa no se impulsa dicha reforma seguirá siendo abortada por los intereses de los poderes fácticos y por una partidocracia miope alejada de los reales intereses de las mayorías.
Una aproximación biográfica a don Fermín José Fuero: obispo de Chiapas
Authors: Martínez Vellisca David
Published: January 2018

A partir de un minucioso trabajo de archivo, y con el propósito de contribuir a salvaguardar la memoria histórica de Chiapas, en este texto se explora la vida peninsular de quien fuera obispo de Chiapa y Soconusco, don Fermín José Fuero Gómez, natural de la villa de Cañizares (Cuenca), quien fue preconizado el 18 de julio de 1795 y consagrado en Guatemala el 11 de septiembre de 1796.
La disputa por la homologación de los procesos electorales en Chiapas
Authors: López Lara Álvaro F. , Reyes Ramos María Eugenia
Published: January 2018

En este trabajo se analizan las decisiones y estrategias de los actores políticos en torno al proceso de reforma para homologar el calendario electoral en Chiapas. Este caso muestra que aunque las reformas para homologar los procesos son deseables, su realización moviliza ambiciones de los poderes locales e incrementan las tensiones institucionales.
Reglamento de policía y buen gobierno del estado de Chiapas, 1880. Una reflexión sobre el documento
Authors: Contreras Utrera Julio , Domínguez Reyes José Gabriel
Published: January 2018

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Invisibilidades dolorosas. Una mirada sobre la percepción de la violencia de género en una comunidad de Guatemala
Authors: Bosch Heras Montserrat
Published: January 2018

En este artículo se hace constancia de los diferentes significados que tiene la violencia de género para las mujeres, que han sido agredidas o no, que habitan en una comunidad de retornados al norte de Guatemala y que habían estado organizadas en "Mama Maquín". Buscamos mostrar las normas y prescripciones comunitarias que pueden constituirse en motivos para la escasez de denuncias. Consideramos que la aceptación que realizan las propias mujeres de las agresiones que padecen, dificulta la desaparición de la violencia de género dentro de la sociedad.
Ciudadanía e inmigración: La nueva frontera entre la pertenencia y la exclusión
Authors: Vargas Llovera María Dolores
Published: January 2018

El concepto de ciudadanía ocupa de nuevo el centro de lareflexión teórica desde los últimos años del pasado siglo. La sociedad democrática es una sociedad fundada en el conflicto y la política del futuro debe orientarse a la elaboración de estrategias para encontrar nuevas modalidades de interacción entre mayorías y minorías que permitan preservar el derecho a las diferencias políticas y culturales de los grupos, manteniendo un espacio armónico de convivencia.
Educación intercultural bilingüe en Latinoamérica: un breve estado de la cuestión
Authors: Fajardo Salinas Delia María
Published: January 2018

Este artículo busca ofrecer un rápido conocimiento de cómo surgió y se ha desarrollado el modelo educativo conocido como Educación Intercultural Bilingüe en Latinoamérica. Se apuntan los  antecedentes para luego describir tres etapas principales del siglo xx, sin pretender fijar fronteras exactas, sino tendencias asumidas por los diversos sistemas educativos. Para describir el momento actual, hemos establecido unos criterios que permiten observar el fenómeno desde tres ángulos, para obtener una imagen integral de lo que pasa con la EIB en los países latinoamericanos.
Presentación
Authors: Sulca Báez Leocadio Edgar
Published: January 2018

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Keanekaragaman Spesies dan Zonasi Habitat Echinodermata di Perairan Pantai Semerang, Lombok Timur (Diversity of Species and Habitat Zonation of Echinoderm in Semerang Coastal Waters, East Lombok)
Authors: Satyawan Noar Muda , Wardiatno Yusli , Kurnia Rahmat
Published: January 2018

Research was conducted in order to determine the diversity of species and habitat zonation of Echinodermata in Semerang coastal waters East Lombok. The field survey was conducted using transects kuadrad and free collection during March to June 2013. Based on the results, in the Semerang Coast was found 26 species of Echinoderm which consist of Echinoidea (13 species), Asteroidea (7 species), Ophiuroidea (3 species ) and Holothuroidea (3 species). Echinoderms habitat in Semerang divided into 5 zones, consist of reef flat, sand, seagrass beds, rubble, and coral reefs. Diversity index values differ in each habitat. Shannon - Wiener index (HÃªÅ¾Å) were largest on coral reef habitats (H ÃªÅ¾Å = 2.59 )and then followed by sand (H ÃªÅ¾Å = 2.30), rubble (H ÃªÅ¾Å = 2.17), seagrass (H ÃªÅ¾Å = 1, 93) and the reef flat (H ÃªÅ¾Å = 1.48). Greatest Evenness index was found in the sand habitat (E = 0.96) followed by a reef flat (E = 0.92), coral reefs (E = 0.86), rubble (E = 0.75) and seagrass beds (E = 0.67). the largest found Margalef Index (R), was found in coral reef habitats (R = 5.02) and then followed by rubble (R = 4.07), sand (R = 3.79), seagrass bed (R = 3.62) and reef flat (R = 1.41). Class of Echinoidea has found in all zones, Asteroidea and Holothuroidea not found on the reef flat zone while Ophiuroidea only found in the rubble and the coral reef zone.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN UMUR PANEN TERHADAP KANDUNGAN LEMAK Nitzschia sp.
Authors: Sri Puji Astuti dan Rina Kurnianingsih Baiq Tri Khairina Ilhami, Lalu Japa
Published: January 2018

ABSTRAKÃÂ Mikroalga merupakan protista berklorofil yang memanfaatkan energi matahari dan CO2 dalam proses fotosintesis sehingga dalam biomassanya terkandung bahan-bahan seperti: lemak, protein, dan karbohidrat. Salah satu jenis mikroalga yang memiliki kandungan lemak adalah Nitzschia sp. Kelebihan mikroalga sebagai bahan baku biodiesel jika dibandingkan dengan jarak, biji bunga matahari, jagung, dan tumbuhan lainnya yaitu pertumbuhan mikroalga yang sangat cepat, tidak bersaing dengan produksi pangan, tidak membutuhkan lahan yang luas, dan ramah lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kandungan lemak tertinggi pada Nitzschia sp. berdasarkan umur kultivasi. Dilakukan penelitian eksperimental kuantitatif menggunakanÃÂ  Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5ÃÂ  kali panen dan 3 kali ulangan, percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Pakan Alami Balai Budidaya Laut (BBL) Lombok, Sekotong pada bulan Agustus sampai September 2014. Kadar lemak ditentukan dengan Metode Soxhlet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan umur pemanenan hari ke-13 memiliki kandungan lemak tertinggi dengan persentase sebesar 1,84% sedangkan kandungan lemak terendah pada umur panen hari ke-11 dengan persentase sebesar 0,89%. Tinggi rendahnya kandungan lemak Nitzschia sp. dipengaruhi oleh nutrien, kepadatan sel dan faktor lingkungan media kultur.ÃÂ ÃÂ ABSTRACTÃÂ Photosynthetic Protist, microalgae can trap sun light energy and CO2 for photosynthesis process, and they produce lipid, protein, and carbohydrate. One species of ÃÂ microalga that can produce lipid in high portion of their total dry wight is Nitzschia sp. The lipid can highly use as raw material for biodiesel production. The benefits of ÃÂ microalga as source of biodiesel are they grow faster, they do not compete with other food soruces production, they do not need wide area, and they are invironmental friendly. A quantitative experiment research of rendom complete design was done in the Laboratorium Pakan Alami Balai Budidaya Laut (BBL) Lombok, Sekotong during the months of August to ÃÂ September 2014. The research was conducted in five time harfesting of each in three repetation The lipid content was ditermined using Soxhlet method. The results showing that the highest lipid content (1.84%) of Nitzschia sp. occurred at the day of thirteen of culturing, and the lowest lipid content (0.89%) of Nitzschia sp. was in the day of eleven of culture.ÃÂ
Peran Trehalose Metabolisme Sepanjang Masa Kehidupan Tanaman
Authors: Sedijani Prapti
Published: January 2018

ABSTRAKTrehalose/T6P berperan penting bagi tahapan kehidupan tanaman dari tahap embryo, pertumbuahn vegetative, pertumbuhan generatif, hingga sanesensi melalui keterlibatannya dalam menentukan pembelahan sel, bentuk sel, arsitektur tanaman dan respon terhadap stress biotik dan abiotik. Mekanisme trehalose/T6P dalam peran tersebut melibatkan SnRK1 dan bZIP11 dengan mengintegrasikan antara ketersediaan dan penggunaan sumber karbon yang mempengaruhi pemrograman ekspresi gen-gen yang trerkait dalam anabolisme dan katabolisme serta gen-gen yang terlibat dalam respon tanaman terhadap stres biotik dan abiotik. Selain itu, protein-protein dalam lintasan metabolisme trehalose diduga terlibat juga dalam pemrograman dan aktivitas enzim-enzim target. Dengan mengetahui peran krusial metabolisme trehalose, manusia dapat memanfaatkan lintasan ini untuk kepentingan pertanian. ÃÂ ÃÂ The Roles of Trehalose Metabolism at Entire Plant LifeÃÂ AbstractÃÂ Trehalose/T6P has important role at entire plant stage of life starting from embryonic stage, vegetative growth, generative growth and senescence. The roles include cell devision, cell shape, plant architectecture, and plant responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Syncrunizing between energy demand and energy availability is the main mode of the roles through reprogramming of gene expression responsible for anabolism and/or catabolism processes depending on given situation including biotic and abiotic stress. Moreover, proteins of trehalose metabolism are suggested to affect enzyme activity of target proteins. SnRK1 and bZIP11 involve in all those modes. Understanding crusial roles of trehalose metabolism in plant therefore is necessary in order to get benefit from this pathway for agricultural issue.ÃÂ
Daftar Isi Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol.15 Juli 2015
Authors: Fuadi Husnul
Published: January 2018

DAFTAR ISI ARTIKELÃÂ Volume. 15 Nomor. 2 Juli 2015ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ  ISSN 1411-9587ÃÂ No Judul Artikel Dan Penulis Halaman1Kajian Struktur Ukuran Dan Parametr PopulasiKepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata) di Ekosistem MangroveTeluk Bintan, Kepulauan RiauM. Tahmid1, Achmad Fahrudin2 dan Yusli Wardiatno2ÃÂ  ÃÂ 93 Ã¢â¬â 106ÃÂ 2Uji Komparasi Nilai Gross Primary Productivity (Gpp) dan Kelimpahan Klorofil-A Kolam Budidaya Pembesaran Ikan Dengan Pupuk dan Tanpa PupukMuhammad Masyarul Rusdani1, Muhammad Junaidi1ÃÂ 107 Ã¢â¬â 1113Studi Struktur dan Pertumbuhan Populasi Kerang Pokea (Batissa violacea var.celebensis, von Martens 1897) di Sungai Pohara Sulawesi TenggaraBahtiar, Hamzah, M. dan Hari, HÃÂ 112 Ã¢â¬â 1244Pengaruh Pemberian Ragi Roti Dengan Dosis Yang Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan Populasi Brachionus PlicatilisIksan, Muhammad Junaidi, Alis MukhlisÃÂ 125 Ã¢â¬â 1345Analisis Pertumbuhan Sargassum Sp. Dengan Sistem Budidaya yang Berbeda Di Teluk Ekas Lombok Timur Sebagai Bahan Pengayaan Mata Kuliah Ekologi TumbuhanMuhammad Lutfiawan, Karnan, Lalu JapaÃÂ 135 Ã¢â¬â 1446PENGARUH PERBEDAAN UMUR PANEN TERHADAP KANDUNGAN LEMAK Nitzschia sp.Baiq Tri Khairina Ilhami, Lalu Japa, Sri Puji Astuti, dan Rina KurnianingsihÃÂ 145 Ã¢â¬â 1557Peran Trehalose Metabolisme Sepanjang MasaKehidupan TanamanPrapti SedijaniÃÂ 156 Ã¢â¬â 1708Distribusi, Keragaman Jenis Lamun (Seagrass) danÃÂ ÃÂ  Status Konservasinya di Pulau LombokAbdul SyukurÃÂ 171 Ã¢â¬â 1829PotensiÃÂ  Vegetasi Dan Artropoda DiÃÂ  KawasanÃÂ  MangroveÃÂ  Gili Sulat Lombok TimurAgil Al Idrus, Gito Hadiprayitno, Gede Mertha, dan M. Liwa IlhamdiÃÂ 183 Ã¢â¬â 196
APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT JAMBU METE (Anacardium occidentale L.)
Authors: Raksun Ahmad
Published: January 2018

ABSTRAKÃÂ Penelitian tentang aplikasi pupuk organik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit Jambu Mete telah dilaksanakan di Desa Pijot Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh aplikasi pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan bibit Jambu Mete, (2) dosis ÃÂ pupuk organik agar bibit Jambu Mente dapat tumbuh secara optimal. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan rancangan acak lengkapÃÂ  dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian ÃÂ menunjukkan bahwa (1) pemberian pupuk organik dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit Jambu Mete, (2) Penggunaan dosis pupuk organik 2,0 ÃÂ kg/12 kg tanah memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.ÃÂ Kata-kata kunci: Pupuk organik, pertumbuhan, jambu meteÃÂ ÃÂ THE APLICATION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER TO INCREAST THE GROWTH OF CASHEW ÃÂ SEEDLINGÃÂ ÃÂ Ahmad Raksun ÃÂ ABSTRACTÃÂ A research about the application of organic fertilizer to increase the growth of cashew seedling has done in Pijot Village East Lombok. The purpose of this research are: (1) to know the effect of organic fertilizer to the growth of ÃÂ cashew seedling, (2) to know the dose ofÃÂ  organic fertilizerÃÂ  in oder that cashew seedling can grow optimally. Complately randomized design with three replicates were used in this research. The result of this research are: (1) the application ofÃÂ  organic fertilizer can increasÃÂ  the growth of cashew seedling, (2)ÃÂ  Aplication 2,0 kg organic fertilizer/12 kg soil cause the better growth than other treatment.ÃÂ Key Words: organic fertilizer, growth, cashew
Analisis Kualitas Air Kali Ancar dengan Menggunakan Bioindikator Makroinvertebrata
Authors: Dan Abdul Syukur Khairuddin,  Muhammad  Yamin
Published: January 2018

AbstrakÃÂ Air merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang sedanag mengalami proses penurunan kualitas. Salah satu sumber daya air yang yang sangat penting adalah sungai.ÃÂ  Sungai telah dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air minum, mandi dan mencuci. Selain itu dimanfaatkan untuk kegiatan budidaya perikanan dan rekreasi. Sungai Kali Ancar adalah sungai yang sangat penting bagi masyarakat Kota Mataram. Berkaitan dengan kualitas air Kali Ancar telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menilai kualitas air dari aspek mutu air dengan indikator makroinvertebrata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan tingkat kualitas air Kali Ancar Kota Mataram. Metode penelitian adalah adalah survey dan laboratorium. Analisi data spesies makroinvertebrata diidentifikasi dan dihitung untuk penentuan nilai indeknya. Kualitas air ditentukan oleh nilai indek LincolnPenelitian ini sangat penting bagi penentuan kualitas air dengan menggunakan indikator biologi atau Bioindikator. Luaran Penelitian berupa informasi atau data tentang kualitas air di sungai / kali Ancar berupa tingkat pencemaran.. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah kualitas air di kali Ancar tergolong kualitas rendahKata Kunci :ÃÂ  Kualitas Air, Bioindikator, Makroinvertebrata