Prevalence of social risk factors and its trends in the population of women of reproductive age at the territorial level
Authors:   PhD, leading researcher, Department of Lifestyle and Population Health Protection, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, ‘Belaya Roza’ Medical Center Ivanovo, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Ivanovo State Medical University, Aminodova I.P. , Vasilieva T.P. ,   MD, Professor of the Department of Lifestyle and Population Health Protection, Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Russkikh S.V. ,   PhD, leading researcher, Department of Lifestyle and Public Health Protection, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, visiting lecturer, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Policy and Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Afanasyeva L.N. ,   Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Vasiliev M.D. ,   PhD, researcher, Department of Lifestyle Studies and Population Health Protection, Federal State Budgetary Institution N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Tumours affecting the reproductive organs are diagnosed in women of fertile age in 20–40% of cases. Therefore, the current situation not only affects the quality and life expectancy of patients, but also leads to a decrease in the reproductive potential of the country. Relevance of Research. The authors’ research aims to obtain new theoretical data regarding the risks of malignant neoplasms in the female genital system correlated with various ratios of risk factors at the territorial level. Materials and Methods. During the initial research stage, the authors employed the analytical method to gather data on risk factors for oncological malignancies identified through content analysis of both domestic and foreign literature sources. During the second research stage, data were collected regarding the incidence of cancer risk factors classified as social and hygienic factors. The data were collected retrospectively for the period of 1995–2020 (n = 36935). The data processing programme comprised the calculation of the prevalence rate of the risk of malignant neoplasms of the reproductive system in women of reproductive age. Research methodical specifics involved constructing parallel chronograms of each cancer risk factor and new onsets of malignant cancer diseases broken down by years of the research period. These data were used as evidence of effectiveness of cancer risk management procedures within the territory. Conclusion. The data obtained bolster the correlation between malignant reproductive diseases in women and social and hygienic risk factors. This substantiates the suggestion to incorporate such risk factors as maternal smoking, late first pregnancy and maternal age over 40 years, early sexual activity and large number of sexual partners in the set of indicators for assessing the risk burden in the territory.
Key words: public health, social risk factors, social determinant, systemic approach, reproductive age, malignant diseases of reproductive system organs in women, risks of malignant neoplasms of female genital system.