bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A switchable route for selective transformation of ethylene glycol to hydrogen and glycolic acid using a bifunctional ruthenium catalyst
Authors: Sahoo Satabdee Tanaya , Mohanty Aisa , Sharma Raju , Daw Prosenjit
Published: June 2023

The developed bifunctional NNN–Ru complex features a high catalytic efficiency for the selective production of hydrogen and glycolic acid from ethylene glycol under mild reaction conditions and high TON was achieved.
The chitin utilization mechanisms of a new Chitinibacter sp. isolate SCUT-21
Authors: Yang Zhen-Dong , Zhang Ming-Shu , Lu De-Lin , Li Zhi-Wei , Mao He-Hua , Wu Lei , Zhang Jia-Rui , Ni Jing-Tao , Deng Jun-Jin , Luo Xiao-Chun
Published: June 2023

As shown using SCUT-21, the inherent characteristics of marine bacteria to degrade chitin can be ascribed to extracellular chitin-degrading enzymes, membrane transporter and intracellular adaptation to carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
Electrocatalysis as an efficient alternative to thermal catalysis over PtRu bimetallic catalysts for hydrogenation of benzoic acid derivatives
Authors: Du Yan , Chen Xiao , Shen Weilin , Liu Huibin , Fang Min , Liu Jinxuan , Liang Changhai
Published: June 2023

PtRu bimetallic nanoclusters electrodeposited on carbon paper catalysts show highly efficient and uniquely selective electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic rings in benzoic acid derivatives under mild and environmentally-friendly conditions.
Polyacrylonitrile-grafted lignin copolymer derived carbon nanofibers as a flexible electrode for high-performance capacitive-energy storage
Authors: Kim Da-Young , Radhakrishnan Sivaprakasam , Yu Seungmin , Kim Byoung-Suhk
Published: June 2023

Fabrication of flexible, low-cost, lightweight supercapacitors is in great demand for flexible electronics used in various applications.
Halogen functionalized D–A–D-type unsymmetrical squaraine dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Nawghare Indrajeet S. , Singh Ambarish Kumar , Maibam Ashakiran , Deshmukh Shivdeep Suresh , Krishnamurty Sailaja , Krishnamoorthy Kothandam , Nithyanandhan Jayaraj
Published: June 2023

A series of alkyl-group-wrapped and halogen atom functionalized unsymmetrical squaraine dyes (ISQ) were designed and synthesized. A maximum DSSC device efficiency of 7.80% was achieved for iodine funtionalized ISQ-I dye in Z-150 with CDCA.
Molecular engineered A–D–A–D–A organic electrode system for efficient supercapacitor applications
Authors: Jagdale Sudhir D. , Rao Chepuri R. K. , Bhosale Sidhanath V. , Bhosale Sheshanath V.
Published: June 2023

A novel acceptor (A)–donor (D)–acceptor (A)–donor (D)–acceptor (A) molecular architecture for pseudocapacitor applications with imrpoved electrochemical performance is demonstrated.
Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 2-benzylidene-3-oxobutanamide derivatives against resistant pathogens
Authors: Sood Ankur , Kesavan Venkitasamy
Published: June 2023

Reaction scheme of (Z)-2-benzylidene-3-oxobutanamide derivatives against resistant pathogens.
Synthesis and characterization of enantiopure chiral NH2/SO palladium complexes
Authors: Moreno-Rodriguez Nazaret , Borrego L. Gabriel , Recio Rocío , Valdivia Victoria , Nicasio M. Carmen , Álvarez Eleuterio , Khiar Noureddine , Fernández Inmaculada
Published: June 2023

The synthetic method developed for the preparation of NH2/SO palladium complexes proved to be also an effective approach forN-desulfinylation. Furthermore, the Pd complexes demonstrated a highertransinfluence of PhSO compared totBuSO.
Ultrafast synthesis of SAPO-17 zeolites with excellent CO2/N2and CO2/CH4separation performance
Authors: Wang Chaoran , Li Xiao , Liu Shiyue , Wang Tingting , Liu Puxu , Song Xiaowei , Liang Zhiqiang
Published: June 2023

Ultrafast synthesis of SAPO-17 zeolites was achieved through a seed-assisted microwave heating method, and the resulting zeolites show excellent CO2/N2and CO2/CH4separation performance.
Insights into interfacial physiochemistry in sulfide solid-state batteries: a review
Authors: Zheng Jianhui , Zhu Xinxin , Wang Liguang , Lu Jun , Wu Tianpin
Published: June 2023

The pursuit of high-energy-density and safe energy storage has propelled the development of all-solid-state battery systems as the most promising pathway.
Optimizing the hydrogen adsorption strength on interfacial Ru sites with WN for high-efficiency hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Guocong , Zhang Jiachen , Ren Huanyu , Tang Yawen , Sun Hanjun
Published: June 2023

Tuning the charge of Ru using WN with Pt-like properties as the supporting material to achieve the optimum Ru–H adsorption strength.
Recent advances in electrochemical synthesis of diversely functionalized oxindole derivatives
Authors: Zhou Xiaocong , Wu Ju , Zhao Yufen
Published: June 2023

This review will focus on the electrochemical synthesis of diversified functionalized oxindole derivatives through C-S, C-O, C-C, C-Se, and C-N bond formation over the past decade.
Stereoselective synthesis of (Z/E)-1,2-dibromoalkenes from terminal alkynes
Authors: Wang Wei-Jun , Wang Meng-Yue , Xu Wen-Hua , Zhao Bao-Yin , Zhang Hong-Xia , Gao Ya-Ru , Guo Shi-Huan , Wang Yong-Qiang
Published: June 2023

A Ag–CH3SO3H co-catalyzed directZ-selective synthesis of 1,2-cis-dibromoalkenes from alkynes has been developed. Meanwhile, the PPh3-promotedE-selective synthesis of 1,2-trans-dibromoalkenes from alkynes is also disclosed.
Ultra-thin freestanding graphene films for efficient thermal insulation and electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Zhang Peng , Cao Zhi , Liu Chunle , Li Pengni , Kong Hui , Li Ting , Luo Xiaomin , Feng Jianyan , Yuan Kaiyun , Xu Ruqing
Published: June 2023

The preparation of freestanding graphene films by convenient and environmentally friendly preparation methods is still the focus of attention in various industrial fields.
Recent advances in fluorescent materials for mercury(ii) ion detection
Authors: Li Qiuping , Zhou You
Published: June 2023

Based on the sensing mechanism, the Hg2+ion sensing materials developed in recent years were systematically discussed, classified into seven types, and their corresponding fluorescence sensing mechanisms were briefly introduced.
Ionic liquid mixtures as energy storage materials: a preliminary and comparative study based on thermal storage density
Authors: Urzúa Julio I. , Valenzuela María Luisa , Cavieres Jenifer , Inestrosa-Izurieta María José
Published: June 2023

Fifteen equimolar binary mixtures of ionic liquids underwent thermophysical evaluation. Compared to conventional materials and other mixtures, several of these compounds demonstrated promising thermal fluid characteristics for use in CSP plants.
Continuous microfluidic flow-through protocol for selective and image-activated electroporation of single cells
Authors: Pfisterer Felix , Godino Neus , Gerling Tobias , Kirschbaum Michael
Published: June 2023

Electroporation of cells is a widely-used tool to transport molecules such as proteins or nucleic acids into cells or to extract cellular material.
MXene V2C-coated runway-type microfiber knot resonator for an all-optical temperature sensor
Authors: Wu Qing , Ran Junhong , Zheng Tong , Wu Haibin , Liao Yubo , Wang Fengpeng , Chen Si
Published: June 2023

An all-optical temperature sensor device is presented based on a V2C material integrated with a runway-type microfiber knot resonator. Coating the microfibre with the V2C material allowed effective coupling, a temperature sensor with high sensing efficiency is obtained.
Lasiodipline G and other diketopiperazine metabolites produced by Lasiodiplodia chiangraiensis
Authors: Khruengsai Sarunpron , Pripdeevech Patcharee , Tanapichatsakul Chutima , Sum Winnie Chemutai , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Stadler Marc , Ebada Sherif S.
Published: June 2023

Two new metabolites 1 and 2 together with three known cylco-(D-Ala-D-Trp) (3), indole-3-carboxylic acid (4) and a cyclic pentapeptide clavatustide B (5), isolated from the submerged cultures of Lasiodiplodia chiangraiensis.
Chemiresistive sensor for breath frequency and ammonia concentration in exhaled gas over a PVA/PANI/CC composite film
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kushwaha Chandra Shekhar , Singh Pratibha , Kanojia Kritika , Shukla Saroj Kr
Published: June 2023

Chemiresistive monitoring of respiratory frequency and ammonia gas in breath-out gases has been presented over humidity responsive PVA/PANI/CC composite film based functional mask.
Porous crystals in charged sphere suspensions by aggregate-driven phase separation
Authors: Lorenz Nina , Wittenberg Christopher , Palberg Thomas
Published: June 2023

A robust route to porous soft matter. Colloidal crystals first form in charged sphere suspensions, then – triggered by incorporated impurities – develop a Swiss Cheese microstructure via phase separation into refined crystal and fluid phase.
Thermal- and pH-responsive triple-shape memory hydrogel based on a single reversible switch
Authors: Song Yufang , Lv Hui , Wang Xiaorong , Chen Yiming , Zhong Weifeng , Dong Weifu , Shi Dongjian , Wang Yang , Ma Piming , Zhang Hongji
Published: June 2023

We provide a novel method for fabricating a pH- and thermal-responsive triple-shape memory hydrogel based on a single reversible switch phase.
Enwrapping graphdiyne (g-CnH2n−2) on hollow NiCo2O4 nanocages derived from a Prussian blue analogue as a p–n heterojunction for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Xie Haiyan , Wang Kai , Xiang Dingzhou , Li Songling , Jin Zhiliang
Published: June 2023

A new carbon material of graphdiyne (g-CnH2n−2) was prepared by reduction elimination reaction assisted by ball milling and the coupling of NiCo2O4 and GDY to construct a p–n heterojunction for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Suppression of nonradiative transitions of triplet excitonsviaa fused/non-fused strategy for realizing efficient room-temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Shu Haiyang , Liu YuLu , Chen Liang , Cheng Zhiqiang , Wang Xin , Wu Xiaofu , Tong Hui , Wang Lixiang
Published: June 2023

Through transformation of non-fused ring structure into fused-ring structure, the phosphorescence quantum efficiency of room temperature phosphorescence materials containing sulfur atoms and carbonyl groups in doped films increased from 0.3% to 47.0%.
Micro-/nanofiber-coupled superhydrophobic and conductive textile for underwater wearable strain sensors with full-scale human motion detection ability
Authors: Ma Junchi , Qing Yongquan , Song Haoyang , Yao Yuxuan , Xu Xinyu , Long Cai , Liu Niu , Li Hengjun , Liu Changsheng
Published: June 2023

The as-prepared SNWTC exhibits excellent water super-repellency behavior under the initial and tensile states, realizing sensing service unaffected by water-based liquids in the air, and even working underwater for diving enthusiasts.
Expression and prognostic role of STAT5a across cancer types
Authors: Maninang Christine , Li Jinghong , Li Willis X.
Published: June 2023

Studies examining the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) in various cancers have produced controversial results. To address this controversy, we examined the prognostic role of STAT5a in cancer patients across multiple cancers. Transcription levels of STAT5a between tumors and normal tissues, obtained from public databases, were analyzed for statistical differences using Cox regression analysis with the outcome as overall survival and covariate of interest as high STAT5a expression. Meta-analysis was then conducted to summarize the hazard ratio estimate from the Cox regression analyses. We found that STAT5a was significantly under-expressed in breast, lung, and ovarian cancers, while STAT5a was significantly overexpressed in lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, glioblastoma, and glioma. High STAT5a expression was significantly associated with favorable survival in bladder cancer (lnHR = −0.8689 [−1.4087, −0.3292], P-value = 0.0016), breast cancer (lnHR = −0.7805 [−1.1394, −0.4215], P-value < 0.0001) and lung cancer (lnHR = −0.3255 [−0.6427, −0.0083], P-value = 0.0443). After adjusting for clinicopathological factors, high STAT5a expression remained significantly associated with favorable survival in breast cancer (lnHR = −0.6091 [−1.0810, −0.1372], P-value = 0.0114). These results suggest that higher STAT5a expression is associated with favorable overall survival in breast cancer, and therefore might have protective effects, and that STAT5a expression could be a potential prognostic biomarker, especially in breast cancer. However, the prognostic role of STAT5a is dependent on cancer type.
Tolerable random interruption duration based reliability estimation of stand alone hybrid renewable energy system by network reduction and sequential Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Koshti Atul S. , Verma Aanchal , Arya Rajesh , Roy Chandrima , Arya Liladhar , Choube Sharat Chandra , Khan Baseem
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a novel tolerable random interruption duration (TRID) concept for estimation of reliability indices of stand‐alone hybrid renewable energy system (SAHRES) during down time. This concept utilizes the ignorance of interruption duration if it is tolerable in event of failure. It uses a framework using network reduction technique and sequential Monte Carlo simulation (SMCS) suitable for present research whereas the solution in such cases is not feasible with analytical method. Thus reliability indices such as mean up time, mean down time, failure frequency, system failure rate, interruption duration and system unavailability are estimated using SMCS. Modelling aspects are considered for load, capacity, renewable energy system and TRID due to network outage. The impact of considering random tolerable interruption duration has been demonstrated on the reliability indices and case study is presented to show the effect of change of TRID on reliability indices. A sample SAHRES has been considered for the study.
Disentangling UV photodesorption and photoconversion rates of H2O ice at 20 K
Authors: Bulak M. , Paardekooper D. M. , Fedoseev G. , Samarth P. , Linnartz H.
Published: June 2023

Context. The nondissociative ultraviolet photodesorption of water ice is a nonthermal desorption mechanism required to account for detected abundances of gas-phase water toward cold regions within the interstellar medium. Previous experimental and theoretical studies provide a range of photodesorption rates for H2O ice and point to a convoluted competition with other molecular processes following the absorption of a UV photon in the ice. Ultraviolet irradiation also induces photodissociation, resulting in the formation of radicals that may directly desorb triggering gas-phase reactions or recombine in surface reactions.

Aims. In this work, we aim to quantify the effects of photodesorption and investigate photoconversion upon UV photolysis of an H2O ice.

Methods. We irradiated a porous amorphous H2O ice at 20 K with UV photons in the 7–10.2 eV range and compared the measurements to a nearly identical experiment that included a layer of argon coating on top of the water ice. The purpose of the argon coating is to quench any type of photon-triggered desorption. To trace ice composition and thickness, laser desorption post ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was utilized. This method is independent of the (non)dissociative character of a process and provides a diagnostic tool different from earlier studies that allows an independent check.

Results. The total photodesorption rate for a porous amorphous H2O ice at 20 K we derive is (1.0 ± 0.2) × 10−3 per incident UV photon (7–10.2 eV), which is in agreement with the available literature. This rate is based on the elemental balance of oxygen-bearing species. As a result, we placed an upper limit on the intact (H2O) and dissociative (OH) desorption rates equal to 1.0 × 10−3 per incident UV photon, while for the reactive desorption (O2), this limit is equal to 0.5 × 10−3 per incident UV photon. Photoconversion depletes the H2O ice at a rate of (2.3 ± 0.2) × 10−3 per incident UV photon. At low UV fluence (9.0 × 1017 photons cm−2), the loss of H2O is balanced by photoproduct formation (O2 and H2O2). At high UV fluence (4.5 × 1018 photons cm−2), about 50% of the initial H2O molecules are depleted. This amount is not matched by the registered O-bearing products, which points to an additional, unaccounted loss channel of H2O.
Modeling, optimization and characterization of titanium dioxide thin film prepared by the spin-coating method using the experimental design for an application of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Sadek Otmane , Touhtouh Samira , Rkhis Mourad , El Jouad Mohamed , Belhora Fouad , Hajjaji Abdelowahed
Published: June 2023

This work focuses on modeling and optimizing the deposition of a TiO2 film on ITO glass using the spin-coating method and experimental design. The parameters studied include the concentration of the solution, speed and duration of rotation, drying temperatures and time, and calcination temperature and time. Results show that optimal conditions are achieved at 457 g/l concentration, 1020 rpm speed, 43 s duration of rotation, 100 °C drying temperature for 30 s, and 500 °C calcination temperature for 2 h. XRD, FTIR, EDX, and SEM analyses of the TiO2/ITO film indicate crystallization in the anatase phase with a 29.3 nm crystal size and around 80% deposition quality, with good surface adhesion and a thickness of approximately 30 nm. The photocatalytic activity of the thin film for the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) in water was also studied. Results showed a 70% degradation of MB after 4.5 h, which was confirmed by absorption spectra and discoloration of MB. Additionally, the degradation reaction of MB by TiO2 followed the pseudo-first-order, with good agreement between the kinetic study and a high degradation rate constant (k1deg = 0.2919 (h−1)), indicating a rapid process. Finally, a photodegradation mechanism of MB was reported.
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for post-infarction ventricular septal defect in a low-volume center
Authors: Antonic Miha , Djordjevic Anze , Podlesnikar Tomaz , Pirnat Maja , Robic Boris , Petrovic Rene , Gregoric Igor D.
Published: June 2023

Managing patients with post-ischaemic ventricular septal defects (VSD) and postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock can be extremely challenging in a low-volume cardiac surgery unit. We present a case of a 68-year-old patient who received veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support due to cardiogenic shock after VSD repair. The patient was successfully weaned off support after 86 h. In the postoperative period, mediastinitis occurred, and negative pressure wound therapy was instituted.
Stellte der Einsatz von Cytotec in der Geburtshilfe an sich einen
Behandlungsfehler dar?
Authors: Brocks Johannes , Uphoff Roland
Published: June 2023

Der off-label-use des Medikaments Cytotec (Wirkstoff: Misoprostol) des
Herstellers Pfizer ist in Deutschland zur Geburtseinleitung weit verbreitet
gewesen. Diese Praxis war und ist rechtlich umstritten. Sie beschäftigt
zurzeit eine Vielzahl von Gerichten. In diesem Aufsatz wird der Frage
nachgegangen, ob der off-label-use von Cytotec bis zum Markteintritt von Angusta
im Jahr 2021 mit dem geschuldeten ärztlichen Standard vereinbar war,
oder ob der Einsatz per se einen Behandlungsfehler darstellte. Die Autoren sind
zu dieser Frage von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Perinatale Medizin
(DGPM) mit der Erstellung eines Rechtsgutachtens beauftragt worden. Das
vollständige Gutachten kann von Mitgliedern der DGPM eingesehen und in
forensischen Auseinandersetzungen verwendet werden.
Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography Evolution and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Injury in Mild and Moderate to Severe Neonatal Encephalopathy
Authors: Sakpichaisakul Kullasate , El-Dib Mohamed , Munster Chelsea , Supapannachart Krittin J. , Yang Edward , Walsh Brain H. , Volpe Joseph J. , Inder Terrie E.
Published: June 2023

Objective This study aimed to describe the evolution of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) in neonatal encephalopathy (NE) during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and evaluate the association between aEEG parameters and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) injury.

Study Design aEEG data of infants who underwent TH were reviewed for background, sleep wake cycling (SWC), and seizures. Conventional electroencephalography (cEEG) background was assessed from the reports. Discordance of background on aEEG and cEEG was defined if there was a difference in the severity of the background. MRI injury (total score ≥ 5) was assessed by using the Weeke scoring system.

Results A total of 46 infants were included; 23 (50%) with mild NE and 23 (50%) with moderate to severe NE. Comparing mild NE with moderate to severe NE, the initial aEEG background differed with more mild being continuous (70 vs. 52%), with fewer being discontinuous (0 vs. 22%) and flat tracing (0 vs. 4%), whereas burst suppression (4 vs. 4%) and low voltage (26 vs. 18%) did not differ. There was a notably common discordance between the background assessment on cEEG with aEEG in 82% with continuous and 40% low voltage aEEG background. MRI abnormalities were identified in four infants with mild NE and seven infants with moderate to severe NE. MRI injury was associated with aEEG seizures in infants with moderate to severe NE.

Conclusion aEEG seizures are useful to predict MRI injury in moderate to severe NE infants. There is a large discrepancy between aEEG, cEEG, and MRI in neonates treated by TH.

Key Points
Reintubation Rate between Nasal High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation versus Synchronized Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation in Neonates: A Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Phatigomet Manapat , Thatrimontrichai Anucha , Maneenil Gunlawadee , Dissaneevate Supaporn , Janjindamai Waricha
Published: June 2023

Objective Nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) and synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (sNIPPV) were the new modes of noninvasive ventilation. This study's aim was to clarify as to which of the nHFOV and sNIPPV modes was superior in preventing postextubation failure or reintubation in neonates.

Study Design An open-label parallel randomized study was performed. Extubated preterm and term neonates were randomly allocated into nHFOV or sNIPPV modes; the reintubation rate was evaluated within 7 days after extubation between the two modes. Subgroup analyses were performed for preterm (gestational age <37 weeks) and very preterm (gestational age <32 weeks) neonates. The sample calculation was 1,050 neonates; however, this trial was stopped early as enrollment was too slow.

Results From July 2020 to June 2022, 202 neonates were assessed for eligibility and 69 neonates were excluded. Finally, 133 neonates were randomly allocated to the study interventions (nHFOV = 67, sNIPPV = 66). The median gestational age and birth weight were 33 (30–37) weeks and 1,910 (1,355–2,836) g, respectively. The reintubation rate within 7 days did not significantly differ between the groups (nHFOV [5/67, 7%] vs. sNIPPV [4/66, 6%]); risk difference [95% confidence interval] = 0.01 [−0.08 to 0.11]; p = 0.99), including preterm (nHFOV [4/55, 7%] vs. sNIPPV [3/44, 7%]) and very preterm (nHFOV [3/25, 12%] vs. sNIPPV [3/25, 12%]) neonates.

Conclusion After neonatal extubation, there was no significant difference of reintubation rates within 7 days between nHFOV and sNIPPV. This trial has been registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database (
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04323397
). First posted registration on March 26, 2020.

Key Points
Boryl Radical-Promoted Deoxygenative Alkylation of Benzyl Acetates
Authors: Zhang Feng-Lian , Wang Yi-Feng , Liu Nan-Nan , Wan Xuan-Chen , Hui Li-Wen
Published: June 2023

Deoxygenative alkylation of benzyl alcohols was realized by using acetate as the alcohol activation group. The C–O bond homolysis is achieved by a boryl radical-promoted β-scission process. The strategy is amenable to a variety of benzyl alcohols, including primary, secondary, and more challenging tertiary alcohols. The synthetic practicability was demonstrated by a gram-scale one-pot reaction.
Efficient Synthesis of Aminoquinolinium and Aminoquinazolinium Salt Series: Amination or N-Alkylation First?
Authors: Casanova Marion C. , Fil Maximilien , Vanelle Patrice , Broggi Julie , Zhao Yuxi , Azas Nadine , Redon Sébastien
Published: June 2023

The pharmacokinetic properties and, in particular, the poor solubilities of lead drug compounds are often a major impediment to their future clinical development. One common and effective solution is generally to use salt forms. Efficient strategies for the synthesis of quinolinium and quinazolinium salt series with promising therapeutic activities are thus of major interest. This study compares different synthetic routes for the rapid preparation of monomeric and dimeric aminoquinolinium and aminoquinazolinium salts. The advantages and limitations of the different processes, especially the importance of step order, are discussed.
Neurocognitive Profile and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Brain Imaging Correlation in Children with Electrical Status Epilepticus during Sleep
Authors: Srivastava Madhur K. , Shaik Afshan J. , Yareeda Sireesha , Nallapareddy Kavitha , Lingappa Lokesh , Moturi Pallavi , Gaddamonugu Padmaja , Kandadai Rukmini M. , Borgohain Rupam
Published: June 2023

Objective Electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) is defined by near-continuous epileptiform discharges during sleep along with cognitive, behavioral, and/or imaging abnormalities. We studied the neurocognitive profile and their correlation with 18F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) brain abnormalities in children with ESES.

Methods Fourteen children with ESES with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from March to December 2019 were included. The intelligence quotient (IQ) and child behavior checklist (CBCL) scores were estimated using validated scales, and FDG PET brain was done at the same point of time to look for cerebral metabolic defects which was compared with a control group.

Results Fourteen patients with a mean age of 8.2 ± 2.7 years were analyzed. The average duration of epilepsy was 6 ± 2.8 years. The mean IQ was 72.4 ± 18.2 and mean CBCL score was 37.3 ± 11.8. There was negative correlation between IQ and CBCL (r = −0.55, p < 0.001). The duration of epilepsy also showed negative correlation with IQ (r = −4.75, p < 0.001). FDG PET scan showed predominant thalamic hypometabolism in 12 of 14 patients (85.7%) on visual analysis with multiple other hypometabolic cortical and subcortical regions in the brain. The quantitative analysis showed significant difference in metabolism of basal ganglion when compared with control group. The total number of hypometabolic regions seen in the brain showed moderate positive correlation with CBCL score but no significant correlation with the IQ of cases.

Conclusion This study demonstrates functional impairment of cerebral cortical, basal ganglia, and thalamic hypometabolism in a cohort of ESES patients with normal structural MRI brain study. There was a moderate correlation of extent and pattern of cerebral hypometabolism with the neuropsychological status of the child and duration of epilepsy.
Single-Center Experience Using the Inari FlowTriever for Mechanical Thrombectomy of Extrapulmonary Thrombosis: A Case Series
Authors: Patel Achintya , Weekley Adam , Goloubev Alexey , Markovitz Michael , Hoots Glenn
Published: June 2023

The FlowTriever Gen 1 System (Inari Medical, Irvine, California, United States) is a mechanical thrombectomy device designed to extract thrombus from the pulmonary arteries, but is U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved for use in any artery or vein. From 2019 to 2020, three consecutive patients with extrapulmonary thrombosis involving the inferior vena cava (IVC), renal, gonadal, and femoropopliteal veins were treated with the device. The FlowTriever large-bore aspiration catheter was partially successful in removing IVC, renal and lower extremity vein thrombus. Zero major or minor adverse events occurred. Several technical and therapeutic insights were gained from this preliminary experience.
Twisted bilayer graphene as topological heavy fermion: II. Analytical approximations of the model parameters
Authors: Călugăru Dumitru , Borovkov Maksim , Lau Liam L. H. , Coleman Piers , Song Zhi-Da , Bernevig B. Andrei
Published: June 2023

The recently-introduced topological heavy fermion (THF) model [1] of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) aims to reconcile the quantum-dot-like electronic structure of the latter observed by scanning tunneling microscopy, with its electron delocalization seen in transport measurements. The THF model achieves this by coupling localized (heavy) fermions with anomalous conduction electrons. Originally, the parameters of the THF model were obtained numerically from the Bistritzer–Macdonald (BM) model of TBG [1]. In this work, we derive analytical expressions for the THF model parameters as a function of the twist angle, the ratio between the tunneling amplitudes at the AA and AB regions (w0/w1), and the screening length of the interaction potential. By numerically computing the THF model parameters across an extensive experimentally-relevant parameter space, we show that the resulting approximations are remarkably good, i.e., within the 30% relative error for almost the entire parameter space. At the single-particle level, the THF model accurately captures the energy spectrum of the BM model over a large phase space of angles and tunneling amplitude ratios. When interactions are included, we also show that the THF description of TBG is good around the magic angle for realistic values of the tunneling amplitude ratios (0.6 ≤ w0/w1 ≤ 1.0), for which the hybridization between the localized and conduction fermions γ is smaller than the onsite repulsion of the heavy fermions U1 (i.e., |γ| < U1).
Intrinsic efficiency of injection photocurrents in magnetic materials
Authors: Campos-Hernandez Alonso J. , Zhang Yang , Grushin Adolfo G. , de Juan Fernando
Published: June 2023

The generation of shift and ballistic photocurrents in non-centrosymmetric materials represents a promising alternative mechanism for light energy harvesting. Many studies have focused on finding the best suited materials by maximizing the photocurrent magnitude, but estimating the actual efficiency requires knowledge of the light-induced dc photoconductivity and is rarely considered. Using the recently proposed jerk current as photoconductivity, in this work we show that only ballistic photocurrents have finite efficiency in the limit of large relaxation times τ. Moreover, at zero temperature the only ballistic current which is finite for unpolarized light is the magnetic injection current, only present in magnetic materials. We present a band structure expression for the efficiency of such photocurrent, showing that it scales as (ħΩ – Eg)2 near the band edge, and we present its frequency dependence for a simple tight-binding model. Our work provides a new tool to guide the search for efficient energy harvesting based on the magnetic injection current.
Superfluidity of flat band Bose–Einstein condensates revisited
Authors: Julku Aleksi , Salerno Grazia , Törmä Päivi
Published: June 2023

We consider the superfluid weight, speed of sound and excitation fraction of a flat band Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) within multiband Bogoliubov theory. The superfluid weight is calculated by introducing a phase winding and minimizing the free energy with respect to it. We find that the superfluid weight has a contribution arising from the change in the condensate density and chemical potential upon the phase twist that has been neglected in the previous literature. We also point out that the speed of sound and the excitation fraction are proportional to orbital-position-independent generalizations of the quantum metric and the quantum distance, and reduce to the usual quantum metric (Fubini–Study metric) and the Hilbert–Schmidt quantum distance only in special cases. We derive a second-order perturbation correction to the dependence of the speed of sound on the generalized quantum metric, and show that it compares well with numerical calculations. Our results provide a consistent connection between flat band BEC and quantum geometry, with physical observables being independent of the orbital positions for fixed hopping amplitudes, as they should, and complete formulas for the evaluation of the superfluid weight within the Bogoliubov theory. We discuss the limitations of the Bogoliubov theory in evaluating the superfluid weight.
Influence of the ac magnetic field on the elastic and electric characteristics of a quantum paramagnet
Authors: Zvyagin A. A. , Zvyagina G. A.
Published: June 2023

It is shown that electric, piezoelectric, and elastic characteristics of the orthorhombic quantum paramagnet depend on the applied ac magnetic field, collinear to the dc one. The dependence is due to the renormalization of the quadrupole spin susceptibility. In the dynamical regime, the quadrupole susceptibility oscillates with the frequency of the ac field, and with the Rabi-like frequency. In the steady-state regime, the quadrupole susceptibility oscillates with the frequency of the ac field only about the renormalized with respect to the initial one value. That renormalization can change the values of the electric, piezoelectric, and elastic characteristics of the system.
Influence of MWCNTs additives on the thermal conductivity of HA–MWCNTs composite
Authors: Barabashko M. S. , Basnukaeva R. M. , Dolbin A. V. , Drozd M. , Bezkrovnyi O. , Tkachenko M. V.
Published: June 2023

Possible changes in the temperature dependence of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the hydroxyapatite (HA) composite with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with small amounts of MWCNTs additives (0.5 wt%) were analyzed in comparison with the dependence of HA matrix without additives. It was found that MWCNTs can contribute to the increase of the thermal conductivity coefficient. The magnitude of the effect of increasing thermal conductivity varies from relatively small values (about 1%) to a significant increase up to ∼ 20 times that depending on the interaction at the HA–MWCNTs interface and the degree of homogeneity of the MWCNTs distribution in the HA matrix. It was found that long-term high-temperature annealing can lead to changes in the anisotropy, structure, and properties of MWCNTs due to oxidation effects, which can influence the resulting composite properties.
New technology to produce raw neon-helium mixture
Authors: Kravchenko M. B. , Hrudka B. H. , Lavrenchenko G. K.
Published: June 2023

Until 2022, Ukraine was a major producer of pure neon gas. The crude neon product is obtained as a byproduct at large cryogenic air separation units (ASUs) that supply oxygen and nitrogen to steelmakers. After the stop of such industries in Ukraine, a global shortage of neon, which is necessary for the production of semiconductor microchips, appeared. The conceptually new technology for obtaining the crude neon product at ASUs, which is not adapted for the selection of a raw neon-helium mixture, is proposed. The enrichment of the neon-helium mixture taken from the ASU condenser-evaporator is carried out by the pressure swing adsorption method. Calculations of the adsorption enrichment processes of the neon-helium mixture were carried out using the wave method. The wave method is based on the physically accurate concept that the nonstationary flow of components occurs as a result of propagation concentration waves in the entire adsorption layer and inside the adsorbent grains. It is shown that the proposed technology makes it possible to obtain a crude neon-helium mixture with a total concentration of neon and helium of more than 90% at an extraction ratio of 40–50%.
Boundary complexity and surface entropy of 2-multiplicative integer systems on Nd
Authors: Ban Jung-Chao , Hu Wen-Guei , Lai Guan-Yu
Published: June 2023

In this article, we introduce the concept of boundary complexity and prove that for a 2-multiplicative integer system (2-MIS) XΩp on N (or XΩp on Nd,d≥2), every point in [h(XΩp),log⁡r] can be realized as a boundary complexity of a 2-MIS at a specific speed, where r stands for the size of the alphabet. The result is new and quite different from the Nd subshift of finite type (SFT) for d ≥ 1. Furthermore, the formula of surface entropy for a Nd 2-MIS is also presented. This illustrates an efficient method to calculate the topological entropy for Nd 2-MIS and also provides intrinsic differences between Ndk-MIS and SFTs for d ≥ 1 and k ≥ 2.
Traveling waves in an evolving interstellar gas cloud
Authors: Humi Mayer
Published: June 2023

This paper considers the possible emergence of traveling waves within an evolving interstellar gas cloud. To model this evolution, we use Euler–Poisson equations with the additional assumptions that the gas is incompressible, stratified, and self-gravitating. Within this framework, we establish that when the cloud has low density, the speed of these traveling waves is low. We suggest that the self-gravitational coalescence of embedded solid matter in the gas to form larger aggregates, such as cometary nuclei, may occur in the vicinity of wave crests where the mass density is highest. This idea is consistent with the widely agreed mechanism for planetary formation in proto-planetary disks, namely, that the accumulation of solids to form larger planetoids is initiated at the location of pressure maxima in the gas disk.
A gapped generalization of Kingman’s subadditive ergodic theorem
Authors: Raquépas Renaud
Published: June 2023

We state and prove a generalization of Kingman’s ergodic theorem on a measure-preserving dynamical system (X,F,μ,T) where the μ-almost sure subadditivity condition fn+m ≤ fn + fm◦Tn is relaxed to a μ-almost sure, “gapped,” almost subadditivity condition of the form fn+σm+m≤fn+ρn+fm◦Tn+σn for some non-negative ρn ∈ L1(dμ) and σn∈N∪{0} that are suitably sublinear in n. This generalization has a first application to the existence of specific relative entropies for suitably decoupled measures on one-sided shifts.
Generalized solutions to degenerate dynamical systems
Authors: Jouan Philippe , Serres Ulysse
Published: June 2023

The solutions to degenerate dynamical systems of the form A(x)ẋ=f(x) are studied by considering the equation as a differential inclusion. The set Z={det(A(x))=0}, called the singular set, is assumed to have an empty interior. The reasons leading us to the definition of the sets used for differential inclusion are exposed in detail. This definition is then applied on the one hand to generic cases and on the other hand to the particular cases resulting from physics, which can be found in Saavedra, Troncoso, and Zanelli [J. Math. Phys. 42, 4383 (2001)]. It is shown that generalized solutions may enter, leave, or remain in the singular locus.
Learning dynamics on invariant measures using PDE-constrained optimization
Authors: Botvinick-Greenhouse Jonah , Martin Robert , Yang Yunan
Published: June 2023

We extend the methodology in Yang et al. [SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst. 22, 269–310 (2023)] to learn autonomous continuous-time dynamical systems from invariant measures. The highlight of our approach is to reformulate the inverse problem of learning ODEs or SDEs from data as a PDE-constrained optimization problem. This shift in perspective allows us to learn from slowly sampled inference trajectories and perform uncertainty quantification for the forecasted dynamics. Our approach also yields a forward model with better stability than direct trajectory simulation in certain situations. We present numerical results for the Van der Pol oscillator and the Lorenz-63 system, together with real-world applications to Hall-effect thruster dynamics and temperature prediction, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Reduced-order model to predict thermal conductivity of dimensionally confined materials
Authors: Hosseini S. Aria , Greaney Alex , Romano Giuseppe
Published: June 2023

Predicting nanoscale thermal transport in dielectrics requires models, such as the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE), that account for phonon boundary scattering in structures with complex geometries. Although the BTE has been validated against several key experiments, its computational expense limits its applicability. Here, we demonstrate the use of an analytic reduced-order model for predicting the thermal conductivity in dimensionally confined materials, i.e., monolithic and porous thin films, and rectangular and cylindrical nanowires. The approach uses the recently developed “Ballistic Correction Model,” which accounts for materials' full distribution of phonon mean-free-paths. The model is validated against BTE simulations for a selection of base materials, obtaining excellent agreement. By furnishing a precise yet easy-to-use prediction of thermal transport in nanostructures, our work strives to accelerate the identification of materials for energy-conversion and thermal-management applications.
Study on stability of formation for gravity field exploration subjected to disturbance based on prescribed performance control
Authors: Pan B. C. , Meng Y. H.
Published: June 2023

Double satellite formation for gravity field exploration is a complex space virtual instrument system with high-precision, whose normal manner is threatened by the space debris environment. The normal manner of the formation based on control with prescribed performance is studied. Based on the random impact of space debris, nonlinear dynamical equations with 20 variables are established considering the relative attitude of the double satellite. The interferential characteristics and expected stability under certain disturbance conditions by the space debris in low Earth orbit are analyzed. To simplify the relative motion of the formation and the motion of the test mass (TM) relative to the cage, a prescribed performance function is introduced to constrain the relative attitude errors of transient and steady states. An adaptive attitude control design method based on a prescribed performance function is proposed. Finally, the analysis is carried out. The results show that the probability of normal manner of the formation is about 78.45% in the first year and about 45.59% in the first three years. The normal manner of the double satellite formation for gravity field exploration can be effectively simulated and analyzed based on the prescribed performance control methods.
Crystallization in highly supersaturated, agitated sucrose solutions
Authors: Hartge Hannah M. , Flöter Eckhard , Vilgis Thomas A.
Published: June 2023

Supersaturated sucrose solutions that have been sufficiently cooled without nucleation represent a metastable system in which agitation promotes fast crystallization. Applications of this physically interesting process can be found, for example, in the production of fondants in confectionery. This work considers supersaturated sucrose–water solutions under agitation, different temperatures, and concentrations as simplified fondant model systems. Although simple in composition, such solutions undergo complex kinetic and thermodynamic processes during crystallization under agitation. Main attention is paid to the torque during constant kneading of the samples at controlled temperature, accompanied by light microscopic examination of a characteristic sample. All torque curves show a characteristic minimum followed by a sharp peak during crystallization, which are attributed to an interplay of changes in concentration of the continuous liquid phase, formation of big conglomerates, and breaking of largest particles during continued growth. When comparing the crystallization times with classical nucleation theory, it is found that the variations are related to temperature and supersaturation in the same way as given by induction time models of thermodynamics and statistical physics.
Chainsaw Operator's Manual
Authors:   ForestWorks
Published: June 2023

The Chainsaw Operator's Manual is an essential safety tool for chainsaw operators. It is the ultimate guide to basic chainsaw operating techniques covering safety, maintenance and cross-cutting, but not tree felling. Detailed diagrams illustrate
horizontal, vertical and boring cuts, as well as trimming and cross-cutting techniques.
Safety considerations are discussed, including workplace safety, occupational hazards, kick-back and identifying dangerous trees. An explanation of the 'tension' and 'compression' forces in timber is also provided to help you understand where to
begin cutting to avoid jamming the saw.
The book covers chainsaw maintenance in detail, explains all aspects of the equipment and helps you select the right chainsaw and personal protection equipment for your needs. Trouble-shooting charts are included to help you solve
operating problems.
This manual has been updated to take into account the most recent changes in nationally accredited competency standards. It is a must-have for anyone operating a chainsaw.
Optimal cancer care pathways – the ideal versus reality for patient-centric cancer care during COVID-19
Authors: Samaranayake Shanuka , Barker Daniel , Windsor Apsara
Published: June 2023

Objectives To assess whether compliance with the nationally endorsed Optimal Care Pathways is evident in 75% of patients treated with curative intent treatment and if this compliance was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic (hereinafter COVID-19). Methods This retrospective study included patients undergoing curative treatment with radiotherapy in head and neck (HN), breast, lung and gastrointestinal malignancies between January 2019 and June 2021 in a single NSW outer metropolitan cancer service. For care delivered within the remit of cancer services, the primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients whose treatment complied with the Optimal Care Pathways recommended time frame. Secondary outcome measures included evaluating the effect of COVID-19 on the proportion of patients being treated within the recommended time frame. Results There were n = 733 eligible patients across the five tumour streams with the majority being breast cancer patients comprising 65% (n = 479) of the cohort, followed by HN cancer patients (n = 125, 17%). None of the tumour subsites abided by the 75% compliance rate. Oesophageal cancer patients had the lowest compliance rate of 4% (P < 0.001), with a similarly low compliance rate for rectal cancer patients at 33% (P = 0.002). None of the hypothesis tests to assess for detriment in treatment time during COVID-19 were statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion Despite the availability of best practice guidelines, there is limited compliance throughout all cancer subtypes, which has not been negatively influenced by COVID-19. Improved awareness of the Optimal Care Pathways, and implementation of the associated infrastructure and systems, are required to support compliance.