bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Direct observation of computer workplace risk factors of college	students
Authors: Tullar Jessica , Amick III Benjamin C. , Robertson Michelle M. , Fossel Anne H. , Coley Chris , Hupert Nathaniel , Jenkins Mark , Katz Jeffrey N.
Published: December 2024

Recently, researchers have reported high musculoskeletal symptom prevalence at several US colleges. Since ergonomic interventions have been shown to prevent and reduce disability, it is important to identify the risk factors for developing symptoms among college students. A nested case-control study was completed to determine computer-related ergonomic risks associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. A trained observer completed ergonomic assessments on 52 randomly selected cases and controls. More than 75 percent (cases and controls combined) of the population was exposed to nine potential postural strains including: arms not along side during keying or mousing; lower back not supported; not having chair accessories; computer monitor not adjustable; mouse being too high or low; hand/wrist/forearm in contact with the desk edge; lack of wrist support; and keyboard not being adjustable. Cases and controls were equally likely to have substantially elevated risks but because the sample was small and lacked power, no risks were statistically significant. Since many known risk factors were prevalent in cases and controls, more research is required to evaluate and prevent injury in this population.
The experience of returning to work
Authors: Jansson Inger , Björklund Anita
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore from an environmental perspective the experiences of returning to work of former unemployed sickness absentees. Five separate focus-group interviews were carried out with themes concerning different environmental areas. The findings showed that the participants in their process of being off work and then attempting returning to work experienced a personal transition manifesting itself as a negative self-image, change of life-rhythm and restrictions in their roles and activities. In their progression, the participants experienced a need for reorientation and expressed feelings of alienation, and for that reason felt need of support from a network, especially a professional one. Regarding attitudes in society, the participants reported experiences of social stigmatization, both in mass media and in their immediate social environment, and an increasing egocentricity among their fellow-workers. They perceived their progression back to work as a 'time quarantine' and as a long and destructive wait for support. The findings indicate that the phenomenon of 'returning to work' after unemployment and sick leave could not be reduced to a single issue. It should rather be seen as a dynamic problem with individual and structural, environmental aspects.
Development of normative data for hand strength and anthropometric	dimensions in a population of automotive workers
Authors: Kunelius Amanda , Darzins Susan , Cromie Jean , Oakman Jodi
Published: December 2024

Objectives: (1) To develop a normative data set for hand strength and anthropometric dimensions in automotive trim line workers. (2) To examine the relationship between trim line worker demographics and hand strength.

Background: Work tasks inherent in the automobile manufacturing industry such as forceful gripping and pinching, place physical demands upon the hands and fingers. This places workers at risk of developing a musculoskeletal injury. To reduce the risk of injury it is necessary to apply user strength data in the design phase of hand intensive tasks in order to create a fit between the person and the task.

Method: Demographic variables, anthropometry and maximal grip and pinch strength were measured for one hundred and sixty-one trim line automotive workers. Their data were analyzed to examine the associations between the variables.

Results: Significant hand strength differences were found in relation to age, gender, hand dominance and anthropometry. The workers in this study had significantly lower strength values than previously used reference data.

Discussion: The disparity between the present study's strength data and that of Mathiowetz et al. [22] may be due to the different demographic pools from which the populations were drawn. A training effect appeared to exist in trim line workers which may have reduced the disparity in hand strength between the hands as the number of years worked on the line increased.

Conclusion: Caution should be taken when applying international normative data sets to the design of hand tools/workstations, as global differences in hand strength are likely to exist.
Physical, social and emotional function after work accidents: A	medicolegal perspective
Authors: Holtedahl Robin , Veiersted Kaj Bo
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to analyse social and functional consequences of work accidents in a group of workers' compensation claimants who had been referred from the National Insurance Administration for a medicolegal assessment. The injured workers were evaluated on average 3 years after their accidents. Their medical records were analysed, and each injury was scored according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). Participants completed the Short Form Questionnaire (SF-36). Factors relating to outcome on SF-36 were analysed using univariate and multivariate methods.

191 claimants returned the SF-36 (62%), 83% of the respondents had an AIS score of less than two, 33% reported working full time. Compared to population-based norms, the respondents reported significantly reduced health on all eight scales of SF-36. Better health and function was mainly associated with a higher level of education and more serious injuries. The extent of social support in the workplace after the accident was only partly related to outcome. The importance of psychosocial factors when making injury assessments in a medicolegal setting is highlighted.
An investigation into the immediate effects on comfort,	productivity and posture of the Bambach™ saddle seat and a standard	office chair
Authors: Gadge Karla , Innes Ev
Published: December 2024

Background: This study was prompted by the prevalence of back injury and pain in the working population, particularly amongst workers who are increasingly exposed to sedentary work in industrialised countries, and the corresponding limited evidence regarding the effectiveness of seating designs currently used in the workplace.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in comfort, productivity, and posture between the Bambach™ saddle seat and a standard office chair (two chair designs used within the workplace today).

Method: A single system, multiple-baseline research design across a sample of four subjects was used. A withdrawal A $_{1}$ B $_{1}$ A $_{2}$ B $_{2}$ design was utilised, with the ordering of the sequence varying with each subject. "A" represented the standard office chair, and "B" the Bambach™ saddle seat.

Results: Discomfort ratings tended to increase over time regardless of the seat being used. However, while the saddle seat provided reduced levels of lower back discomfort, it demonstrated higher discomfort in the lower limbs, particularly the hips and buttocks. There were no significant differences identified in productivity between the two chairs. The saddle seat consistently promoted a greater trunk-to-thigh angle for all subjects, a position associated with optimum sitting posture.

Conclusion: This study has implications for the treatment of low back injury and pain at work, as well as other daily activities that involve prolonged static sitting, such as those incorporated in self maintenance, leisure and rest activities. This study provides health professionals with a systematic investigation of the immediate effects of using both the Bambach™ saddle seat and standard office chair in sitting. The findings of this study should be considered in future research.
Gender as a differential indicator of the employment	discrimination experiences of Americans with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Rumrill Jr. Phillip D. , Roessler Richard T. , McMahon Brian T. , Hennessey Mary L. , Neath Jeanne
Published: December 2024

Information from the Integrated Mission System of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was used to investigate the employment discrimination experiences of women and men with multiple sclerosis (MS). Spanning the years 1992 to 2003, the EEOC database included 3,663 allegations of discrimination filed by 2,167 adults with MS. With respect to women and men with MS, the researchers examined the comparability of a) demographic characteristics; b) industry designations, locations, and size of employers; c) the nature of discrimination alleged; and d) the legal outcome or resolution of those allegations. On average, women and men with MS were in their early forties, with the majority of both groups being Caucasian. Both women and men were most likely to allege discrimination related to discharge and reasonable accommodations, although women were more likely to file harassment charges than men. Men with MS were more likely to allege discrimination regarding hiring and reinstatement. Women with MS were more likely to file allegations against employers in the service industries, and men were more likely to file allegations against employers in the construction, manufacturing, and wholesale industries. No gender differences were found in the geographic distribution of allegations. Both groups had comparable rates of merit closures (23% vs. 27%) as a result of the EEOC's investigatory process. Implications for rehabilitation counseling and employer-oriented interventions are discussed.
Extent and sources of occupational stress in university	staff
Authors: Biron Caroline , Brun Jean-Pierre , Ivers Hans
Published: December 2024

Canadian higher education sector has undergone numerous changes during the past decades. Increased student enrolments, massive cuts in human resources and constant restructuring are changes likely to have had a considerable impact on all employees (e.g., administrative, trades, and faculty). While many studies conducted in different countries have shown that stress in universities is a problem of alarming proportions, to date, no study of the entire staff of a university has been carried out in Canada. This research uses an approach based on the prevention and management of the sources of occupational stress to study 1086 employees of a Quebec university. Data were collected by means of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. It was found that the proportion of individuals who reported a high level of psychological distress was twice as high (40%) than that reported for a Quebec-wide sample (20%). Work overload, the relationship with one's superior and participation in decision making were systematically reported as high risks to employees' health. It was found that human resources management practices have not followed the rapid organizational changes which affected the university in the past years. The results are discussed in light of the risk management approach.
Assessing dust exposure in an integrated iron and steel	manufacturing plant in South India
Authors: Ravichandran B. , Krishnamurthy V. , Ravibabu K. , Raghavan S. , Rajan B.K. , Rajmohan H.R.
Published: December 2024

A study to monitor and estimate respirable particulate matter (RPM), toxic trace metal concentrations in the work environment was carried out in different sections of an integrated steel manufacturing industry. The average RPM concentration observed varied according to the section blast furnace was 2.41 mg/m $^{3}$ ; energy optimization furnace, 1.87 mg/m $^{3}$ ; sintering plant, 0.98 mg/m $^{3}$ ; continuous casting machine, 1.93 mg/m $^{3}$ . The average trace metal concentration estimated from the RPM samples like iron, manganese, lead and chromium did not exceed ACGIH prescribed levels.
Development of a carpal tunnel syndrome screening method using	structured interviews and vibrotactile testing
Authors: Sesek Richard , Drinkaus Phillip , Khalighi Mehdi , Tuckett Robert P. , Bloswick Donald S.
Published: December 2024

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a debilitating and expensive health problem. An inexpensive screening method that would differentiate between people who do not have CTS and those that may have CTS would be useful. The screening methodology investigated here had two phases: a structured interview and provocative vibrotactile testing (VT). The control group (n = 36) was composed of asymptomatic college students and faculty, the case group was composed of patients currently visiting an occupational medicine clinic for symptoms consistent with CTS. The case group was subdivided into positive and negative for nerve conduction latency, NCL+ (n = 21) and NCL− (n = 13), respectively. Using a scored, structured interview, 33 of the controls and none of the symptomatic cases were identified as non-CTS. The results from the provocative flexion VT indicated that if the difference between the age corrected baseline and the threshold at 15 minutes is 15 μm or more, the subject was likely to be NCL+ (odds ratio 12.6, 95% CI 3.8 to 41.8). Further research may improve this screening methodology to not only determine whether or not a person has CTS, but also to determine the level of median nerve impingement or damage.
Self-rated quality of life among the young unemployed and the	young in work in northern Sweden
Authors: Hultman Barbro , Hemlin Sven
Published: December 2024

This study analysed self-assessed quality of life (QoL), using a QoL questionnaire (Hörnquist's QLcs) covering life spheres, somatic health, mental well-being, cognitive ability, social and family life, activity, financial situation, meaning in life and a global score "entire life", for young people aged 18–24 in a population-based cross-sectional study in northern Sweden. Of these, 651 were unemployed and 2802 were in work (employed, students and in military service). Results showed that the young unemployed exhibited poorer QoL than the young in work and the greatest difference was found regarding their financial situation. Young men rated somatic health and mental well-being higher than young women. However, QoL in other essential domains was rated higher by young women in work. Close friends and money reserve were important for all participants, no matter whether they were employed or not. The risk of being young and unemployed was greater if the person had a worse financial situation, shorter education, and fewer leisure activities with other people. Finally, it was concluded that while QoL is poorer when in unemployment – both for the young and those who are older (aged 25–64) – psychological well-being, in contrast to several previous studies, is even poorer for young people than for those who are older. This is worrying in a public health perspective and could have implications for unemployment policies for younger and less well-educated age groups.
Evaluation of selected ergonomic assessment tools for use in	providing job accommodation for people with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: Village Judy , Backman Catherine L. , Lacaille Diane
Published: December 2024

Inflammatory arthritis (IA) is a leading cause of work disability, especially for those with jobs involving repetitive, hand-intensive or manual work. Ergonomic interventions may mediate against job loss. Our objective was to identify desirable features of an ergonomic tool for use in providing job accommodation for people with IA, and to evaluate a selection of ergonomic and rehabilitation tools against these features. Eight desirable features were compared across 16 assessment tools. None of the tools met all the pre-determined features. Ergonomic assessment tools should incorporate objective assessment of risk factors together with subjective perceptions of symptom aggravation, and identify risk factors that may not currently be causing problems, but may increase risk of aggravation or injury in the future. To accommodate the needs of people with IA, the tool should allow for evaluation of risks and generation of solutions without a worksite visit in situations where the client does not want to disclose their illness. Finally, an assessment tool needs to be applicable to a wide range of worksites, easy to use, valid, and reliable. Against these criteria, it appears that there is a lack of appropriate ergonomic assessment tools for use in people with IA.
Does rehabilitation decrease shoulder muscle activity in	fibromyalgia in work or housework tasks? An electromyographical study
Authors: Löfgren Monika , Broman Lisbet , Ekholm Jan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This study sought to investigate whether patients with fibromyalgia (FM) are able to perform a work task and home care tasks with less muscle activity, recorded as surface EMG, after a rehabilitation programme as compared to before rehabilitation.

Method: Muscle activity in shoulder and arm muscles was measured with surface EMG during a job task and three housework tasks before and after an individually adjusted rehabilitation programme for 16 female patients with FM. Ten healthy women were measured in the same way. Pain intensity and perception of exertion were assessed with Borg's CR100 scale after every activity.

Results: The patients decreased their muscle activity more than the healthy subjects did in the trapezius pars descendens of the non-dominant side during computer typing and ironing. A decrease in pain intensity and perceived exertion after the computer typing and ironing coincided with the decreased muscle activity.

Conclusion: Patients with FM are able to learn to perform a work task and a home-care task with less muscle activity in trapezius pars descendens after a rehabilitation programme. Decreased pain intensity and perception of exertion may indicate that these two experiences accompany the decrease in muscle activity.
Pilot project in developing community rehabilitation service for	migrant workers suffering from pneumoconiosis in Mainland China
Authors: Lo H.Y.L.K. , Luo X.Y. , Lau C.M.J. , Wong K.Y.L.
Published: December 2024

Pneumoconiosis is one of the major occupational health problems in China and increasing numbers of migrant workers suffered from this occupational disease after working in a dusty environment for few years. These migrant workers panicked after being diagnosed as suffering from pneumoconiosis and facing physiological disturbances including progressive dyspnea, respiratory failure or complications like silico-tuberculosis after their return to their rural village. This article reviews the preliminary results of a community rehabilitation pilot project conducted in a rural village in Guizhou, one of the provinces in southwest China. It shares the joint effort of professionals from Guangdong Province and Hong Kong SAR on supporting the migrant workers to manage and cope with this occupational disease. Finally, strategies including early intervention were suggested to help migrant workers to manage the disease. Most importantly, occupational health promotion and prevention were urged as the measures of utmost importance in reducing the risk for migrant workers suffering from pneumoconiosis.
Summary report of action research on occupational rehabilitation	and community re-integration of migrant workers with work injuries in Mainland	China
Authors: Lo H.Y.L.K. , Luo X.Y. , Lu X.W. , Mai G.Z.
Published: December 2024

This article is a summary of an action research exploring the strategies to initiate the occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration of migrant workers with work injuries in Guangdong Province, China. Using two cases of rehabilitation intervention for workers with work injury, a case management model of occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration was illustrated, in the different phases of rehabilitation. Finally, some key elements in supporting occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration for migrant workers with work injury in China were highlighted.
Work injury rehabilitation and the tendency to return to work of	workers with injuries in Mainland China
Authors: Ouyang Ya Tao
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to describe the current situation of the work injury rehabilitation system in China with its drawbacks, especially relating to the employment services for workers with injuries and bringing up the topic of the need for more work to attempt to construct a modern work injury occupational rehabilitation system: perfecting the administration mechanism of policy, establishing an occupational rehabilitation pattern with Chinese characteristics, establishing the socialization service network as the core of occupational rehabilitation and establishing a practical professional team and academic communication platform. These creative thoughts may shed light on the development of the work injury rehabilitation system as well as the return to work for workers with injuries in China.
Comparison of ergonomic risk assessment output in a repetitive	sawmill occupation: Trim-saw operator
Authors: Jones Troy , Kumar Shrawan
Published: December 2024

Multiple ergonomic risk assessment methods of unique structure are currently being used to direct industrial prevention initiatives focused on musculoskeletal injuries. In this study, the physical exposures required to perform an at-risk sawmill occupation were collected from 29 subjects via quantified means (surface electromyography and electrogoniometery) and used to calculate several ergonomic risk assessment methods. The aims of this study are to: 1) compare the output of the RULA, REBA, ACGIH TLV, Strain Index and OCRA ergonomic risk assessment methods, 2) examine the assessments' ability to differentiate between facilities reporting meaningfully different incidence rates, and 3) examine the effect of varying the definition of end range posture and exertion required on risk assessment scores. Risk level output assigned by all methods were not sensitive to inter facility differences in risk of injury, suggesting interpretation of risk index and component scores are needed to direct intervention. Components of all methodologies were sensitive to worker technique and facility assessed. Varying variable definition resulted in significantly different component, combined component and/or risk output scores in all methods assessed. The significant effect of posture and exertion variable definition suggests definitions taken to be interchangeable by work site evaluators are not equivalent.
Perception of shoulder muscular effort during low-demand load	transfer tasks
Authors: Brookham Rebecca L. , Moreton Jesse N. , Dickerson Clark R.
Published: December 2024

This study focused on quantifying the mathematical relationship between shoulder physical loading and muscular effort perception during low physical demand tasks. Subjects underwent training to calibrate to their range of shoulder strength capability. Subjects transferred visually identical bottles representing specified percentages of extended arm maximal voluntary force (MVF) in defined azimuth directions to identified targets. They then reported their percentage of perceived shoulder exertion relative to their calibrated range. Measures of physical shoulder loading were calculated from experimental data with a dynamic shoulder moment model. Shoulder reported perceived muscular exertion (RPE) values were most significantly correlated with percent MVF (r = 0.81), suggesting subjects were influenced more by the manipulated hand load than the shoulder-specific physical load. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that other personal and task factors influenced shoulder RPE. Generally, subjects overestimated shoulder physical loading, and the quality of their perception degraded as the load increased.
Swedish social insurance officers' experience of their working	conditions when dealing with applications for disability pension
Authors: Ydreborg Berit , Ekberg Kerstin , Nilsson Kerstin
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to describe how Swedish social insurance officers experienced their working conditions, when dealing with applications for disability pensions (DPs). A qualitative research design was selected to describe their experiences. Open-ended interviews with ten social insurance officers were analyzed with inductive content analysis. This analysis showed that the working conditions were influenced by rules and regulations and the social insurance officers' competence. The social insurance officers' powerful positions and how their discretion was implemented made them feel responsible for performing their work well. They felt that the large number of clients hampered them from being able to offer the clients the activities they were entitled to, and from paying each client sufficient attention. There was a need for time to reflect and to improve management, in order to better develop the way in which DPs were handled. There was a difference in culture between the older social insurance officers, who had experience-based training, and the younger social insurance officers, who had academic qualifications. The results from this study could be used to better develop the organisation of work in the social insurance agency, and in further educational activities.
Supermarket workers: Their work and their health, particularly	their self-reported musculoskeletal problems and compensable injuries
Authors: Forcier Lina , Lapointe Claire , Lortie Monique , Buckle Peter , Kuorinka Ilkka , Lemaire Jacques , Beaugrand Sylvie
Published: December 2024

A literature review revealed that cashiers are the most studied of all supermarket workers, while little is known about other types of employees. However, cashiers are far from being the only supermarket workers affected by musculoskeletal disorders. The musculoskeletal health of supermarket employees other than cashiers was therefore examined for one company. Two sources of data were used: compensation statistics (from the company's 57 corporate supermarkets) and self-reported questionnaires (administered in 4 selected stores). These sources provided very different descriptive statistics, both in terms of the size of problems (depending on which aspects were compared, compensation statistics depicted 2 to 18 times fewer disorders than self-reports), and in terms of which body regions were most affected. There were also discrepancies with regard to identifying those departments which were most at risk (wrappers according to self-reports, delicatessen according to compensation reports). According to self-reports, 83% of workers (excluding cashiers) reported at least one musculoskeletal disorder over a 12-month period, and 32% had problems severe enough to impede regular activities. Different approaches to calculating rates were also used within each data source. Calculations using the number of hours worked annually by all workers were deemed to be the best. The significance of these results for supermarket employees and in terms of intervention and prevention in other sectors is examined.
A single-subject design of ergonomic intervention effectiveness	for university employees in a new facility
Authors: Lindstrom-Hazel Debra
Published: December 2024

As clinicians are searching for evidence to support their practice interventions, it is sometimes hard to find the "real-world" studies that incorporate the complexities of actual practice. Following calls in the public health, nursing and medical literature for clinicians to participate in practice-based evidence, this pilot study explores the effectiveness of a single-subject design for practice-based evidence. Twenty-five "well" university employees participated in an ergonomic intervention over the course of one academic semester that consisted of a 15 min ergonomic intake session, a 45 min group hands-on ergonomic educational session and a 15 min individual ergonomic consult in their offices. Participants were sent postural comfort surveys weekly and their subjective ratings were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of the intervention to decrease their perceived postural discomfort at a computer work station. Twenty-one of the twenty-five participants reported an improvement in postural comfort over the course of the study. This pilot study suggests that further investigation needs to be conducted to determine the effectiveness of hands-on ergonomic education and consultation for well populations working at computer workstations.
Reducing potential mental health issues and alcohol abuse through	an early prevention model for victims of peer harassment
Authors: Faith Melissa A. , Malcolm Kenya T. , Newgent Rebecca A.
Published: December 2024

Psychological disability, including alcohol abuse and mental health issues, are associated with numerous interpersonal, intrapersonal, and occupational difficulties. Employers often bear the greatest economic impact of maladaptive behavior due to greater employee turnover, poor work performance, and other negative work outcomes. Despite these negative outcomes, researchers have yet to examine possible benefits of prevention and intervention programs designed specifically to limit adulthood occupational problems. In this paper, an early prevention/intervention model is suggested. Specifically, the authors suggest that early preventions and interventions should target peer victimization in elementary school settings, as peer victimization has been shown to lead to mental health issues and alcohol abuse. Furthermore, the authors suggest that limiting the occurrence of these psychological difficulties would decrease occurrence of substance use and abuse, decrease the occurrence of later mental health problems, and, therefore, decrease negative occupational outcomes. The authors assert that such early prevention/intervention programs have the opportunity to minimize the need for costly, adulthood interventions and may maximize individuals' potential gains.
Aging, disability, and employment
Authors: Kampfe Charlene M. , Wadsworth John S. , Mamboleo George I. , Schonbrun Staci L.
Published: December 2024

The older population is one of the fastest growing age cohorts in the United States. This population has a higher incidence of disabling conditions than does the younger population. Many older adults may wish to be employed due to economic or personal reasons. This desire to work is consistent with the general older population's perspective on work, however certain barriers to employment exist for this group. Special considerations regarding employment are discussed.
The empowerment of people with disabilities through qualitative	research
Authors: Niesz Tricia , Koch Lynn , Rumrill Phillip D.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to explore the use of qualitative research in vocational rehabilitation as a means of empowering people with disabilities to (a) take greater control of their lives and (b) directly inform public policy and vocational rehabilitation service delivery. After exploring various definitions of the construct empowerment, we provide a rationale for the use of qualitative research as an empowerment mechanism based on (a) philosophies espoused by leaders of the independent living movement, (b) disability legislation, and (c) a multi-constituency call for more consumer involvement in research. We then describe empirical properties of various qualitative methodologies that lend themselves to consumer empowerment. The article concludes with several examples of qualitative approaches to scientific inquiry from the rehabilitation literature that include many of the empowerment aspects described herein.
Star-Agents: Automatic Data Optimization with LLM Agents for Instruction Tuning
Authors: Zhou Hang , Tang Yehui , Qin Haochen , Yang Yujie , Jin Renren , Xiong Deyi , Han Kai , Wang Yunhe
Published: December 2024

The efficacy of large language models (LLMs) on downstream tasks usually hinges on instruction tuning, which relies critically on the quality of training data. Unfortunately, collecting high-quality and diverse data is both expensive and time-consuming. To mitigate this issue, we propose a novel Star-Agents framework, which automates the enhancement of data quality across datasets through multi-agent collaboration and assessment. The framework adopts a three-pronged strategy. It initially generates diverse instruction data with multiple LLM agents through a bespoke sampling method. Subsequently, the generated data undergo a rigorous evaluation using a dual-model method that assesses both difficulty and quality. Finaly, the above process evolves in a dynamic refinement phase, where more effective LLMs are prioritized, enhancing the overall data quality. Our empirical studies, including instruction tuning experiments with models such as Pythia and LLaMA, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Optimized datasets have achieved substantial improvements, with an average increase of 12% and notable gains in specific metrics, such as a 40% improvement in Fermi, as evidenced by benchmarks like MT-bench, Vicuna bench, and WizardLM testset. Codes will be released soon1.
metode penelitian
Authors: Sari Manda
Published: December 2024

The Indonesian nation since the 1945 Constitution was established as the Constitution of the Indonesian state. In its development, this agreement has transformed into a common ideal which is also usually called state philosophy or staatsidee (state ideals). In the concept of democracy, it contains the principles of popular sovereignty (democratie) while in the concept of the rule of law, it contains the principles of the rule of law (nomocratie). Law enforcement mechanisms must also be able to protect the rights of citizens from injustice with the principles of humanity and mutual respect for the continuity of existing laws. This becomes an integral part of the legal system with law enforcement authorities. Indonesia as a democratic rule of law country, adheres to the sovereignty of the people as well as the rule of law.search for research titles and abstracts is made easier by those key words.
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN KEPEMILIKAN HAK ATAS TANAH TUMPANG TINDIH DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO. 24 TAHUN 1997
Authors: Guntur Muhammad
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the overlapping land rights ownership policy in the perspective of Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. Overlapping land rights is a problem that is often faced in land practice in Indonesia, which can lead to disputes between parties who have claims to the same piece of land. This study examines the role of land registration as one of the instruments regulated in the Government Regulation to provide legal certainty, as well as identify the obstacles faced in its implementation. The analysis was carried out by examining legal aspects related to land registration, land dispute resolution, and protection of the rights of landowners involved in overlapping cases.
Kiberbiztonsági stratégiák, szabályozások és ajánlások az okosrepülőterek számára: Fenyegetések és megoldások
Authors: Katona Gergő
Published: December 2024

Az okosrepülőterek digitális és hálózati integrációja miatt a kiberbiztonság kulcsfontosságú. A repülőtéri folyamatok digitalizálása, az automatizálás és a személyre szabott utasélmény iránti igény új kiberbiztonsági kihívásokat teremt. Az USA, az EU és nemzetközi légi közlekedési szervezetek jogszabályokkal és ajánlásokkal segítik a repülőterek információbiztonsági szintjének növelését, hogy jobban ellenálljanak a kibertámadásoknak. A kutatás célja, hogy azonosítsa az okosrepülőterek specifikus rendszerelemeit és az ezekre leselkedő kiberbiztonsági fenyegetéseket. Nemzetközi dokumentumok elemzésével a cikk feltérképezi az Európai Unió, az Egyesült Államok és nemzetközi légi közlekedési szervezetek által közzétett, a szektorral kapcsolatos publikációk milyen mélységgel foglalkoznak a kiberbiztonsággal, illetve milyen szinten adnak választ az azonosított fenyegetésekre. A kutatás eredményei hozzá tudnak járulni az okosrepülőterek biztonsági szintjének javításához és a kiberfenyegetésekkel szembeni védelemük megerősítéséhez.
Multi-Tenant Architecture: A Comprehensive Framework for Building Scalable SaaS Applications
Authors: Shinu Pushpan
Published: December 2024

Multi-tenant architecture has emerged as a fundamental paradigm in modern software development, particularly in Software as a Service (SaaS) applications where multiple organizations share computing resources while maintaining data isolation. This article presents a comprehensive framework for understanding and implementing multi-tenant systems, focusing on essential architectural decisions and design patterns that ensure scalability, security, and resource efficiency. The article examines the evolution from single-tenant to multi-tenant architectures, analyzes various data partitioning strategies, and explores critical aspects of tenant isolation, authentication, and authorization mechanisms. The article addresses key challenges in performance optimization, resource allocation, and security implementation, providing practical insights into database design approaches and caching strategies. Through a structured approach, this article bridges the gap between theoretical concepts and practical implementation, offering developers and architects a foundation for building robust multi-tenant systems. The findings emphasize the importance of balanced architectural decisions that accommodate both technical requirements and business objectives while maintaining system integrity and tenant isolation. This article contributes to the growing body of knowledge in cloud computing and distributed systems, providing practitioners with actionable insights for developing scalable multi-tenant applications.
Enhancing Clinical Communication through AI-Powered Recording and Analysis: A Multi-Center Study of Scribr AI Implementation
Authors: Saroj Kumar Rout
Published: December 2024

This article examines the implementation and effectiveness of Scribr AI, an artificial intelligence-powered system designed to enhance doctor-patient communication through automated recording, transcription, and multilingual support in clinical settings. The article evaluates the platform's impact on clinical documentation, patient comprehension, and longitudinal care management across multiple healthcare facilities. Through a comprehensive article analysis of system usage, patient engagement, and healthcare provider feedback, the article demonstrates significant improvements in communication accuracy, patient understanding, and clinical workflow efficiency. The findings indicate that AI-enabled recording and translation systems can effectively bridge language barriers, enhance patient recall of medical instructions, and support precision medicine through detailed documentation of health histories. Additionally, the study reveals notable benefits for chronic care patients through improved tracking and accessibility of historical health data. These results suggest that AI-powered communication tools can play a crucial role in modernizing healthcare delivery while addressing persistent challenges in doctor-patient communication and medical documentation. The findings have important implications for healthcare institutions seeking to improve patient engagement, reduce communication barriers, and enhance the quality of clinical documentation.
The Evaluation of the Tube Current Impact on Axial, Sagittal, and Coronal MTFs on CT Images Using an In-House Phantom
Authors: Choirul Anam  , Betha S. Wulandari  , Heri Sutanto  , Riska Amilia  , Yuliana Lakapu
Published: December 2024

This study aims to evaluate an impact of tube current on modulation transfer functions (MTFs) from axial, sagittal, and coronal computed tomography (CT) images of an in-house phantom. An in-house phantom having three metal wires at x-, y-, and z-directions for 3D-MTF evaluation was scanned using GE Revolution EVO 128-slice CT scanner. The tube current was varied (i.e., 100, 200, and 300 mA). While other input parameters were kept constant (i.e., tube voltage of 120 kV, slice thickness of 0.625 mm, rotation time of 1 s). The measurements of MTF were performed automatically using IndoQCT software. MTFs in the x-axis were measured from axial images. MTFs in z-axis were measured from sagittal and coronal images (They were reformatted from axial images using a cubic interpolation). The mean values of 10%-MTF for 100 mA in axial, sagittal and coronal images were 0.70 ± 0.00, 0.69 ± 0.00 and 0.67 ± 0.01 mm-1, respectively. The mean values of 10%-MTF for 200 mA in axial, sagittal and coronal images were 0.71 ± 0.00, 0.69 ± 0.00 and 0.67 ± 0.00 mm-1, respectively. The mean values of 10%-MTF for 300 mA in axial, sagittal and coronal images were 0.70 ± 0.00, 0.69 ± 0.01 and 0.68 ± 0.00 mm-1, respectively. Tube current has no obvious impact on MTF values in the x- and z-axis from axial, sagittal, and coronal images.
The Role of Technology in Mental Health: Evaluating Digital Interventions for Psychological Well-being
Authors: Priyam Jyoti Das  , Pdiangmon Kyndait  , Sungjemrenla I Jamir  , Dhiraj Baishya  , Juganta Kumar Kalita  , Lobsang Tenzing Komu
Published: December 2024

Digital health interventions (DHIs) have emerged as a promising approach to address mental health issues across various demographics, including different age groups, cultural contexts, and socio-economic backgrounds. This review aims to critically examine the role of digital interventions in mental health, focusing on their effectiveness, benefits, and limitations compared to traditional therapies. The review seeks to assess various digital tools, including mobile apps, online therapy platforms, AI-driven solutions, virtual reality (VR) therapies, and wearable technologies, to determine their impact on mental health outcomes. In addition, the review explores the challenges of implementing these technologies, such as data privacy concerns, the digital divide, and regulatory issues, while highlighting opportunities for innovation and integration into traditional healthcare systems. Policymakers are faced with the daunting challenges of managing rapid innovation against concerns with respect to data privacy and security and ethical considerations related to applications of AI and IoT.
The Effect of Production Parameters Of Face to face Warp Velvet Fabric on Abrasion Resistance and Colour Properties.
Authors: Kayserili Yunus Emre
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, velvet fabrics are widely used in upper clothing, curtains and especially upholsteries. One of the most important problems encountered in them is the distancing of the piles from the surface of the fabric and the other is discoloration over time. In addition to the fabric properties, yarn and fiber properties also affect this situation.

In this article, the effect of fabric abrasion on the production parameters was investigated in face to face warp velvet fabrics. The abrasion resistance of 100% cotton (10, 15, and 20 thousand rpm (rotation per minute)) and 100% polyester (30, 45, and 60 thousand rpm (rotation per minute)) velvet fabrics has been tested. The fabrics were produced using 3 different weft yarn counts (150, 300, and 450 deniers for polyester and 6, 12, and 20 Ne for cotton), 3 different weft densities (20, 22, and 24 picks/cm for polyester and 11, 13, and 15 picks/cm for cotton), 3 different pile heights (2, 3, and 4 cm) and two different pile connection types (V and W), and the abrasion of the fabrics was tested with a Martindale device. The results were analyzed.

In addition, The effects of production parameters on fabric color were investigated in face to face warp velvet fabrics. Cotton fabrics were dyed with reactive blue, yellow and red, while polyester fabrics were dyed with disperse blue, yellow and red. Color properties and gloss have been tested and the results were analyzed.
According to the test results, the increase in weft yarn count (increasing denier/decreasing Ne) causes an increase in abrasion resistance, while the increase in pile height reduces the abrasion resistance. The W bonded fabrics were found to be more resistant to abrasion than the V bonded fabrics. The color properties of the fabrics produced were tested in spectrophotometer test devices and the effects of production parameters were analyzed. It was determined that deep colors such as blue and red have an effect on color properties, while light colors such as raw fabric and yellow velvet fabric do not have a significant effect. It was also detected that raw and yellow velvet fabrics have more gloss than blue and red velvet fabrics.
ПОНЯТІЙНО-КАТЕГОРІАЛЬНИЙ АПАРАТ КРИМІНОЛОГІЧНИХ ЗАСАД ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ОРГАНІВ ПРОКУРАТУРИ В УМОВАХ ЗБРОЙНОГО КОНФЛІКТУ
Authors: Ковалевський М. А.
Published: December 2024

У статті автором досліджуються основні категорії, які визначають кримінологічні засади діяльності органів прокуратури в умовах збройного конфлікту. Правильне формулювання теоретичних понять є необхідним в ході теоретичної інтерпретації результатів проведеного кримінологічного дослідження. Поряд з цим упорядкована система знань дозволяє упорядкувати та структурувати сферу соціальної дійсності, пов’язану з ідентифікацією проблем протидії злочинності, виокремлення ефективних засобів стримування злочинності, а також сприяння активізації подальшої пізнавальної активності науковців. збройного конфлікту, який виник в результаті збройного зіткнення між державами. В результаті аналізу наукових та законодавчих джерел, встановлено: кримінологічні засади діяльності органів прокуратури в умовах збройного конфлікту ґрунтуються на загальних засадах діяльності прокуратури; засади та принципи в аспекті діяльності органів прокуратури в умовах збройного конфлікту є тотожними поняттями; діяльність органів прокуратури в умовах збройного конфлікту – це реалізація органами прокуратури покладених на них повноважень у відповідності до закріплених засад, що вчиняється в умовах збройного конфлікту, який виник в результаті збройного зіткнення між державами; кримінологічні засади діяльності органів прокуратури в умовах збройного конфлікту - це основоположні принципи, ідеї, якими керуються органи прокуратури під час виконання функцій та реалізації своїх повноважень в період збройного конфлікту щодо здійснення впливу на злочинність (та окремі кримінальні правопорушення), її детермінанти, а також чинники, які впливають на формування особи злочинця, факторів впливу на віктимність жертви, а також здійснення заходів запобігання злочинності; значення кримінологічних засад діяльності органів прокуратури в умовах збройного конфлікту полягає у здійсненні діяльності, спрямованої на запобігання злочинності, шляхом з’ясування криміногенних факторів злочинності, вчинення дій щодо мінімізації їх негативного впливу та притягнення винних до передбаченої відповідальності.