bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myelodysplastic syndrome presenting with central diabetes insipidus is associated with monosomy 7, visible or hidden: report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Yang Yunfan , Lin Ting , Dong Tian , Wu Yu
Published: April 2021

BackgroundCentral diabetes insipidus (CDI) is a rare complication of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Although the cytogenetic features of patients with MDS and CDI are not clear, CDI in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is associated with chromosome 7 and/or 3 anomalies.Case presentationIn this report, we describe two patients with MDS and concurrent CDI, and in one of them, CDI was the first manifestation. Metaphase cytogenetics (MC) revealed monosomy 7 in one patient. We found monosomy 7 as well as numerous cytogenetic abnormalities in the other patient using single-nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-A) karyotyping, while their MC did not uncover monosomy 7. In this manuscript we also reviewed reported DI-MDS cases to summarize the relationship between DI-MDS and karyotype and to explore the best treatment strategy of DI-MDS.ConclusionsDI-MDS is closely related to monosomy 7. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation may be the only effective treatment to DI-MDS. The SNP-A-based karyotyping is helpful to reveal subtle cytogenetic abnormalities and unveil their roles in the clinical features of MDS.
MR-Guided Microwave Ablation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Is General Anesthesia More Effective than Local Anesthesia?
Authors: Li Zhaonan , Wang Chaoyan , Li Jing , Liu Zaoqu , Jiao Dechao , Han xinwei
Published: April 2021

BackgroundPercutaneous MR-guided MWA procedures have traditionally been performed under local anesthesia(LA) and sedation. However, pain control is often difficult to manage, especially in some cases when the tumor is large or in a specific location, such as near the abdominal wall or close to the hepatic dome. Does different anesthesia methods could lead to different clinical outcomes? This study retrospectively compared the results of general anesthesia (GA) and local anesthesia (LA) for MR-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC≤5.0 cm).MethodsThe results of the analysis include procedure-related complications, imaging response, and the time consumed by the two sets of procedures. According to the type of anesthesia, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the local tumor progression (LTP) of two groups who underwent MR-guided MWA.ResultsAll patients achieved technical success. The mean ablation duration of each patients in the procedure of GA-group and LA-group were statistical difference(P=0.012). The both group have no difference in complications and LTP (both P＞0.05). Of note, the tumor location (challenging locations) and the number of lesions (2-3 lesions) could be the main factors affecting LTP (p = 0.000, p = 0.015). Univariate Cox proportional hazard regression indicated that using different anesthesia methods (GA and LA) were not associated with longer LTP( P = 0.632 and P = 0.633, respectively) , while tumor location (challenging locations) and the number of lesions (2-3 lesions) were all related to shorter LTP(P=0.000,P=0.020,respectively). Additionally, Multivariate Cox regression further revealed that the tumor location (regular locations) and the number of lesions (single) could independently predict better LTP (both P <0.005).ConclusionsThere could be no correlation between GA and LA for LTP after MRI-guided MWA. However, tumor in challenging location and the number of lesions (2-3 lesions) seem to be the main factors affecting LTP.
Correlation Between BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine-associated Hypermetabolic Lymphadenopathy and Humoral Immunity in Patients With Hematologic Malignancy
Authors: Cohen Dan , Krauthammer Shir Hazut , Cohen Yael C. , Perry Chava , Avivi Irit , Herishanu Yair , Even-Sapir Einat
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Vaccine-associated hypermetabolic lymphadenopathy (VAHL) is frequently observed on [18F]FDG PET-CT following BNT162b2 administration. Recent data suggest a prominent B-cell germinal-center (GC) response elicited by mRNA vaccines in draining lymph nodes. Thus, in this study we aimed to explore the correlation between VAHL and humoral immunity as reflected by post-vaccination serologic testing, and by comparing the incidence of VAHL between lymphoma patients treated recently with B-cell depleting therapy and those that did not. Methods: A total of 137 patients with hematologic malignancy that had post-vaccination [18F]FDG PET-CT were included (All-PET group), 86 received both vaccine doses before imaging (PET-2 group). Their VAHL status and grade on imaging were recorded. Among 102 lymphoma patients, 34 (33.3%) were treated during the year prior vaccination with anti-CD20 antibody containing therapy. A subgroup of 54 patients also underwent serologic testing 2-3 weeks after the booster dose, and their anti-spike titers were recorded and graded as well.Results: The overall incidence of VAHL in patients with hematologic malignancy was 31.4%. The 34 lymphoma patients treated during the year prior vaccination with anti-CD20 antibody containing therapy had significantly lower rates of VAHL comparted to all other lymphoma patients (8.8% versus 41.2% in all-PET patients, Pv < 0.01). VAHL rates were 10% in patients with negative serology, 31.3% in patients with low anti-spike titers and 72.2% in patients with high anti-spike titers. The positive predictive values of VAHL were 90% and 93.3% in all-PET and PET-2 patients, respectively. A positive statistically significant correlation was found between VAHL and serology ranks in All-PET patients (rs = 0.530, Pv < 0.001), and stronger correlation was found in PET-2 patients (rs = 0.642, Pv < 0.001).Conclusion: VAHL on [18F]FDG PET-CT of patients with hematologic malignancy may reflect GC B-cell proliferation and an effective humoral response elicited by BNT162b2 vaccine.
Submacular Integration of hESC-RPE Monolayer Xenografts in a Surgical Non-Human Primate Model
Authors: Liu Zengping , Ilmarinen Tanja , Tan Gavin S.W , Hongisto Heidi , Wong Edmund Y.M , Tsai Andrew S.H , Al-Nawaiseh Sami , Holder Graham E , Su Xinyi , Barathi Veluchamy Amutha , Skottman Heli , Stanzel Boris V.
Published: April 2021

Background
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a promising cell source for retinal cell replacement therapy, but often lack standardized cell production and live-cell shipment logistics as well as rigorous analyses of surgical procedures for cell transplantation in delicate macula area. We have previously established a xeno- and feeder cell-free production system for hPSC differentiated retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and herein, a novel immunosuppressed non-human primate (NHP) model with a disrupted ocular immune privilege is presented for transplanting human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived RPE on a scaffold, and the safety and submacular graft integration are assessed. Furthermore, the feasibility of intercontinental shipment of live hESC-RPE is examined.
Methods
Cynomolgus monkeys were systemically immunosuppressed and implanted with a hESC-RPE monolayer on a permeable polyester-terephthalate (PET) scaffold. Microscope integrated intraoperative optical coherence tomography (miOCT) guided surgery; postoperative follow-up incorporated scanning laser ophthalmoscopy, spectral domain (SD-) OCT, and full-field electroretinography (ERG) were used as outcome measures. In addition, histology was performed after 28-days follow-up.
Results
Intercontinental cell shipment, which took > 30 hours from the manufacturing to the transplantation site, did not alter the hESC-RPE quality. The submacular hESC-RPE xenotransplantation was performed in 11 macaques. The miOCT typically revealed foveal disruption. ERG showed amplitude and peak time preservation in cases with favorable surgical outcome. Histology confirmed photoreceptor preservation above the grafts and in vivo phagocytosis by hESC-RPE, albeit evidence of cytoplasmic redistribution of opsin in photoreceptors and glia hypertrophy. The immunosuppression protocol efficiently suppressed retinal T-cell infiltration and microglia activation.
Conclusion
These results suggest both structural and functional submacular integration of hESC-RPE xenografts. It is anticipated that surgical technique refinement will further improve engraftment of macular cell therapeutics with significant translational relevance to improve future clinical trials.
Stroke Severity Modified the Effect of Chronic Atrial Fibrillation on the Outcome of Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Shao Rui , Wang Zengna , Shi Hongfeng , Li Yan , Zhuang Yingle , Xu Juan , xu min
Published: April 2021

Background
There is conflicting information regarding the impact of chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) on the outcomes of thrombolyzed patients with stroke. This study was designed to identify high-risk patients with chronic AF who had undergone thrombolysis treatment and to explore whether the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) could be used to distinguish poor clinical outcomes in thrombolyzed patients.
Methods
A total of 164 acute ischemic stroke patients with chronic AF were enrolled in this study. The patients were categorized as having poor or favorable outcomes. A favorable 90-day outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 2.
Results
Our study showed that the baseline NIHSS score of patients with poor functional recovery (mRS > 2) was significantly higher than that of patients with favorable outcomes (median 16 vs 12). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of modified Rankin Scale(mRS) scores showed that a baseline NIHSS score of 14 was the optimal threshold for predicting unfavorable outcomes in patients with chronic AF. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline NIHSS score > 14 was independently associated with poor outcomes (odds ratio = 4.182, 95% confidence interval 2.092–8.361).
Conclusions
Our study showed that stroke severity modified the effect of chronic AF on the outcome of thrombolytic therapy. The approach of stratifying stroke severity may be used to evaluate treatment strategies for decision making in intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke with chronic AF.
Microarray analysis of the genomic effect of eugenol on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Buru Sunday Ayuba , Pichika Mallikarjuna Rao , Mohandas Kavitha
Published: April 2021

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a highly adaptive human pathogen responsible for serious hospital and community acquired infectious diseases ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to complicated and life - threatening conditions such as endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The rapid resistance of this organism to available antibiotics over the last few decades has necessitated a constant search for more efficacious antibacterial agents. Eugenol [4- Allyl-2-methoxyphenol] belongs to the class of chemical compounds called phenylpropanoids. It is a pure to pale yellow oily liquid substance mostly extracted as an essential oil from natural products such as clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, basil and bay leaf. Eugenol has previously been shown to have antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, the mechanism of S. aureus has not, as yet, been elucidated – hence, the expediency of this study.Results: Global gene expression outlines in response to sub - inhibitory concentrations of eugenol were analysed using the agilent DNA microarray system to identify gene targets, most importantly essential genes involved in unique metabolic pathways. Transcriptomic analysis of fluctuating genes revealed those involved in Amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, translation and ribosomal pathways. In Amino acid metabolism for instance, the argC gene encodes for N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase. The argC gene plays an important role in the biosynthesis of arginine from glutamate in the amino acid metabolic pathway. It is the enzyme that catalyses the third step in the latter reaction and without this process, the production of N-acetylglutamate 5-semialdehyde will not be complete from the NADP-dependent reduction of N-acetyl-5-glutamyl phosphate, which is essential for the survival of some microorganisms and plants. Conclusion: This study has enabled us to examine complete global transcriptomal responses in MRSA against eugenol. It has revealed novel information with the potential to further benefit the exploratory quest for novel targets against this pathogen, in view to the development of efficacious antimicrobial agents for the treatment of associated infections.
Modulation of the expression of sirtuins and var genes by heat shock in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum: a pattern emerges
Authors: Anagu Linda O. , Hulse David R. , Horrocks Paul D. , Chakravorty Srabasti J
Published: April 2021

Background: In the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum the expression of ‘var’ virulence genes is regulated through epigenetic mechanisms. Its sirtuin epigenetic regulators have a direct effect on var gene expression patterns, are increased in a laboratory strain of P. falciparum exposed to heat shock and are positively associated with fever. A Gambia study extended this association to blood lactate and var genes commonly expressed in severe malaria, and between PfSir2A and group B var. A Kenyan study extended this association to between PfSir2A and overall var transcript level. These observations suggest a mechanism through which stress phenotypes in the human host might be sensed via a parasite sirtuin, and virulence gene expression modulated accordingly. Methods: In vitro experiments were conducted using laboratory and recently-laboratory-adapted Kenyan isolates of P. falciparum to follow up the correlative findings of the field study. To investigate a potential cause-and-effect relationship between host stress factors and parasite gene expression, qPCR was used to measure the expression of sirtuins and var genes after highly synchronous cultured parasites had been exposed to 2h or 6h of heat shock at 40°C or elevated lactate.Results: Heat shock was shown to influence the expression of PfSir2B in the trophozoites, whereas exposure to lactate was not. After the ring stages were exposed to heat shock, sirtuins, severe-disease-associated upsA and upsB var genes and var genes in general were not altered. More biological replicate experiments will be needed to confirm our observations.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that heat stress in laboratory and recently-laboratory-adapted isolates of P. falciparum results in a small increase in PfSir2B transcripts in the trophozoite stages only. We could not establish if heat shock can cause an increased expression of sirtuins or var genes in the ring stages. By contrast, the association between hyperlactataemia and sirtuin/var gene expression that was previously observed in vivo appears to be coincidental rather than causative.
CXCL2-mediated ATR/CHK1 Signaling Pathway and Platinum Resistance in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Nie Sipei , Wan Yicong , Wang Hui , Liu Jinhui , Yang Jing , Sun Rui , Meng Huangyang , Ma Xiaolin , Jiang Yi , Cheng Wenjun
Published: April 2021

Tumor microenvironment and chemokines play a significant role in cancer chemoresistance. This study was designed to reveal the important role of CXCL2 in platinum resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Differently expressed (DE) genes were screen out based on analysis of GSE114206 dataset in GEO database. The expression of DE chemokines was further validated in platinum- resistant and sensitive EOC. Cell viability assay and cell apoptosis assay were performed to explore the roles of CXCL2 in EOC. Cell stemness characteristics and the signaling pathway regulated by CXCL2 were also investigated in this study. As the results showed, CXCL2 was identified up-regulated in platinum-resistant EOC. The functional assays showed overexpressing CXCL2 or co-culturing with recombinant human CXCL2 promoted cell resistance to cisplatin. Conversely, knocking down CXCL2 or co-culturing with neutralizing antibody to CXCL2 increased cell response to cisplatin. CXCL2 overexpressing maintained cell stemness and activated ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway in EOC. Moreover, we further demonstrated that CXCL2-mediated resistance to cisplatin could be saved by SB225002, the inhibitor of CXCL2 receptor, as well as be rescued by SAR-020106, the inhibitor of ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway. This study identified a CXCL2-mediated mechanism in EOC platinum resistance. Our findings provided a novel target for chemoresistance prevention in EOC.
Prevalence and intensity of Ixodidae in cattle, goats and sheep brought to the municipal slaughterhouse of Tadjenanet, in Mila, north-eastern Algeria
Authors: Lotfi Derradj , Karima Kohil
Published: April 2021

A four-month survey was carried out to study the prevalence, intensity and ecological indices of Ixodidae on cattle, goats and sheep brought to the slaughterhouse in the municipality of Tadjenanet, in north-eastern Algeria. Of the 447 animals examined, 67 (14.96%) were infested by one or more ticks. A total of 262 ticks were collected and ten species grouped under two genera were inventoried: Rhipicephalus spp. (79.77%) and Hyalomma spp. (20.23%). The tick spicies collected included Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma excavatum, Hyalomma impeltatum, Hyalomma lusitanicum, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma scupence, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus Rhipicephalus bursa, Rhipicephalus turanicus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. This is the first time that Hyalomma impeltatum have been reported in Mila region. The most abundant species was Rhipicephalus bursa (41.22%). The presence of Hyalomma impeltatum in the study area was an interesting finding. The present study provides basic data on the status of the parasite in the province of Mila.
Association of Recipient and Donor Interleukin 6 Polymorphisms 174 and 597 With Outcome After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
Authors: Wetzel Laura , Wittig Susan , Gruhn Bernd
Published: April 2021

Purpose
The success of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is compromised by complications such as infection, relapse, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The investigation of non-HLA immunogenetics, particularly of cytokines, could identify predictors of an unfavorable outcome after allogeneic HSCT. In this study, we examined the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the promotor region of interleukin 6 (IL6) on the development of GVHD after pediatric allogeneic HSCT.
Methods
In this retrospective analysis, we included 320 pediatric patients with a median age of 10 years who underwent an allogeneic HSCT and their respective donors. We used TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction to analyze the SNPs IL6-174 (G/C) and IL6-597 (G/A). The IL6-174 polymorphism was examined in 300 recipients and 295 donors. The IL6-597 polymorphism was analyzed in 299 recipients and 296 donors. We investigated the influence of the IL6-174 and IL6-597 polymorphisms on overall survival, event-free survival, relapse incidence, transplant-related mortality, and the occurrence of GVHD.
Results
GG polymorphism at position 174 of the recipient IL6 gene was associated with a higher incidence of acute GVHD (GG vs. GC/CC; P = 0.024). Patients with IL6-597 GG genotype developed acute GVHD more frequently than individuals with an A allele (GG vs. GA vs. AA; P = 0.013). IL6-174 GG homozygous recipients had a more frequent occurrence of chronic GVHD (GG vs. GC/CC; P = 0.049). We observed a significant increased risk of chronic GVHD in recipients with IL6-597 GG genotype (GG vs. GA vs. AA; P = 0.043). Polymorphisms of donors did not affect the incidence of acute GVHD and chronic GVHD. In multivariate analysis, the IL6-174 and IL6-597 SNPs were independent significant risk factors for acute GVHD (P = 0.030; P = 0.007, respectively) as well as for chronic GVHD (P = 0.045; P = 0.015, respectively). In addition, older age at time of transplantation turned out to be a significant risk factor for chronic GVHD (P = 0.003).
Conclusion
Our study identified the IL6-174 and IL6-597 GG genotypes of pediatric allogeneic HSCT recipients as genetic risk factors for the development of acute GVHD and chronic GVHD. After evaluations in further studies, these findings could implicate the adjustment of prophylactic measures to reduce the occurrence of acute GVHD and chronic GVHD.
Segurança alimentar de agricultores agroecológicos do Semiárido Brasileiro
Authors: SILVA José Vagner , LOPES Vanessa Schiavon , ALMEIDA Maria Valdenira Rodrigues de , GIRÃO Ana Leônia de Araújo , QUEMEL Pollyanna da Silva , OLIVEIRA Renato Teixeira de , OLIVEIRA Teogenes Senna de
Published: April 2021

O presente estudo buscou descrever a situação de segurança alimentar vivenciada por famílias de agricultores agroecológicos dos municípios de Choró, Massapê e Tauá, assistidos pela ONG ESPLAR no Ceará. Utilizou-se a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar (EBIA), que tem o fator renda como principal determinante e uma escala adaptada da EBIA que leva em consideração a produção para autoconsumo. Foram investigadas 61 famílias de agricultores agroecológicos que continham em seu núcleo pelo menos um membro menor e outra com todos os membros maiores de 18 anos. Os resultados sugerem que o fator renda não foi o único determinante na segurança alimentar e nutricional desses agricultores, enfatizando a importância da produção para autoconsumo. A verificação da insegurança alimentar pela EBIA pode ser superestimada por não considerar a produção para o autoconsumo. Os métodos agroecológicos combinados com a troca de conhecimentos podem aumentar a segurança alimentar.
Adsorptive extraction of chromium (VI) ions from corrosive aqueous solutions
Authors: Rybarchuk O. V. , Dudarev V. I. , Dudareva G. N.
Published: April 2021

Chromium is one of the most effective metals used for protection and decorative coating of various products. However, chrome plating typically occurs in a strongly acid medium, thus involving the formation of dangerous and corrosive solutions. In this article, we investigate the possibility of removing chromium from such solutions using carbon adsorbents, which allow for almost complete extraction of the metal from production solutions up to a residual content of no more than 0.05 mg/dm3. A significant advantage of carbon adsorbents is their ability to extract chromium (VI) ions without chromium reduction to the trivalent state. It was established that the sorbent under study exhibits the maximum sorption capacity in a strongly acidic medium at pH = 1.2–2.5. This medium causes the formation of a Cr2O7 2- dimer in the solution, which is an adsorbed ion. A scheme of a production unit for chromium adsorption from solutions of electrochemical production was proposed. The choice of an adsorber with a fluidized bed was determined by the maximal interaction of the flow with the adsorbent in such reactors. The adsorber design in the form of a cylindrical column with tapered upper and lower parts assumes installation of distribution grids inside the apparatus. It is proposed to forward the chromium-containing solution of electrochemical production remained after the averaging tank directly to the adsorber with the loading of the carbon adsorbent. In order to ensure the continuity of the extraction mode, it is necessary to apply two parallel working adsorbers, whose technical parameters were calculated to be as follows: the diameter of 1.2 m; the height of 7.5 m; the loading volume of 5.9 m3; and the loading height of 6 m. The calculated process parameters were determined: the linear flow rate along the walls of the adsorber – 12.75 m/h; the duration of the apparatus operation before coal regeneration – 21 days. The proposed scheme can be recommended for recycling water supply.
Study of metal-polymer copper nanocomposites using the method of UV spectroscopy
Authors: Ivanova A. A. , Emel’yanov﻿ A. I. , Korzhova S. A. , Pozdnyakov﻿ A. S.
Published: April 2021

New polymer copper-containing nanocomposites based on poly-N-vinylimidazole were obtained. The formation of nanocomposites was carried out using the method of chemical reduction of copper ions from a solution of copper acetate with ascorbic acid in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymer. Nanocomposites were prepared at the polymer:Cu (II) molar ratio of 10:1 and 5:1. The reduction reaction yielded powder nanocomposites of a red-brown colour and having a metallic shine. It was found that the content of copper in the obtained nanocomposites depends on the initial molar ratio of the stabilising poly-N-vinylimidazole and Cu (II), reaching 5.9% and 11.7%. The formation of nanosized copper particles was investigated and confirmed by UV spectroscopy. The optical spectra of aqueous solutions of the obtained copper-containing nanocomposites contained maxima at 537–541 and 646–651 nm, which confirmed the formation of ultradispersed copper in the nanosized state. The obtained copper-containing nanocomposites based on poly-N-vinylimidazole are promising materials for use in medicine and catalysis, as well as in optical, sensor and electronic devices.
Hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces as factors affecting tailing dump stability
Authors: Sharipov D. Sh.
Published: April 2021

The study of the processes occurring deep in the earth's crust has always been a relevant research topic. The results of these studies allowed development and safe mining of mineral deposits in various conditions. The growth in the consumption of extracted resource and the increase in the scale of mining are forcing enterprises to search for the solutions to complex engineering and technical problems, one of which is the problem of displacement of rock masses and the earth's surface in industrial production-affected areas including tailings dams. The purpose of this study is to improve the operation safety of tailing dams. The object of the study is embankment dams of dressing plant tailing dumps. The subject of the study is deformation processes occurring in dam bodies and slope surfaces. The main research methods used in the work are: the study of safe operation methods for tailing dams based on the operating conditions of Uchalinskoye tailing dump using the modern methods of stability assessment, analysis and generalization of domestic and foreign experience, as well as the study of current methods of geomechanical monitoring of deformation processes – engineering and geological, geophysical, mine surveying and hydrogeological ones. The article describes geographic, hydrographic, climatic, geological and mining operation conditions of the tailing dump of Uchalinsky GOK (Ore Mining and Processing Plant) JSC. The influence of hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces on embankment tailing dam stability is substantiated. Based on the data obtained and the research methods used, it is concluded that hydrodynamic and hydrostatic forces are fundamental destructive factors affecting dams. The results of these studies can be applied at the design stage of hydraulic structures, since they will supplement theoretical knowledge about the impact of liquid waste on the safety of tailing dams and earth-filled dams, as well as allow detecting deformation processes at their initial development stage and making decisions on their elimination.
Flat-radial stationary motion of incompressible oil in a uniform horizontal circular formation according to diffrent filtration laws
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan, Alieva Maral G. , Valiev Niiaz G. ,   Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Kerimov Vagif M. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
Published: April 2021

Relevance. The article considers the issues of flat-radial motion of incompressible oil in a uniform horizontal circular formation. Taking into account that filtration obeys different laws, the research was carried out according to the linear Darcy's law, the generalized Darcy's law and the modified Kesson model. Methodology. Each of the tasks was solved using mathematical methods. The corresponding algorithms were obtained, taking into account the forms of oil movement in a porous medium. Plane-parallel simple filtration flow of oil moves from a strip-like reservoir to a straight gallery. This fluid flow occurs when the oil field under development has several parallel, straight rows of production producing wells. In oil-bearing areas between parallel adjacent rows, oil filtration is also plane-parallel, which implies the practical importance of solving the problem of plane-parallel oil flow in this scientific article. For each filtration law, calculated hydrodynamic formulas for well operation parameters and oil reservoir development indicators are derived. Results. The obtained models of oil flow rate, filtration rate, distribution law of current pressure, current pressure gradient, duration of oil advance in the drainage zone is expedient to use both in drawing up an optimal reservoir development project and for regulating and adjusting the oil recovery process of operating fields. Three stationary-hydrostatic problems are solved, in which the filtration processes obey only a general nonlinear law. All the basic calculation formulas that characterize the filtration processes are derived. By analyzing these formulas, it is possible to identify the nature of the influence of each well parameter and each reservoir development indicator. It is also possible to apply the obtained results to solve vatious theoretical problems of oil field development and when planning new fields development.
CRA University – School of Clinical Trial Monitors: 10 years of success
Authors:   IQVIA, Moscow, Russia, Semenov-Tyan-Shanskiy V. L. , Bal’tserovich A.S. ,   IQVIA, Moscow, Russia, Sazonova A.N. ,   IQVIA, Moscow, Russia, Loginovskaya O.A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University (Saint Petersburg, Russia); Flex Databases, Saint Petersburg, Russia 4 DM 365, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Verbitskaya E.V. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University (Saint Petersburg, Russia), Malikova E.A. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University (Saint Petersburg, Russia), Kolbin A.S. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University (Saint Petersburg, Russia), Zvartau E.E. ,   Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University (Saint Petersburg, Russia); Flex Databases, Saint Petersburg, Russia 4 DM 365, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Pavlovich D.M. ,   IQVIA, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2021

This article presents the history and structure of the school of clinical trials monitors in Russia, the reasons for its opening in 2011, as well as the results of a survey of graduates. The authors discuss in detail what tasks they faced in creating a high-quality, modern, interactive educational program that is sustainable in the long term. Shows the important role of collaboration between academic institutions and business companies directly involved in clinical research on a daily basis. The structure of the course is presented, as well as teaching materials and electronic systems and technologies are used. Separately, the experience of operating a school during the COVID-19 pandemic is given, an analysis of the course functioning in fully online format, the positive and negative aspects of this approach. The second part of the article presents the results of a survey of graduates of the course for 9 years: from their satisfaction with training, to their further professional career (a total of 8 questions). In conclusion, the authors present their personal attitude to this educational project.
Özel Gereksinimli Bireyleri Konu Alan Okul Öncesi Dönem Resimli Öykü Kitaplarının İncelenmesi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Hüseyin , AFACAN Kemal , DEMİRTAŞ İLHAN Seden
Published: April 2021

Giriş: Özel gereksinimli bireylere karşı toplumsal duyarlılığı artırmak ve onların yaşantılarını zorlaştıran birtakım davranışların önüne geçebilmek için okul öncesi dönemden itibaren yapılacak bilinçlendirme çalışmalarına ihtiyaç vardır. Çocuk edebiyatı, bu çalışmaları zenginleştirmek ve derinleştirmek adına olanaklar sunmaktadır. Okul öncesi dönemde, resimli öykü kitapları aracılığı ile gerçekleştirilecek okuma çalışmaları, özel gereksinimli bireylerle ilgili deneyimi olmayan çocukların söz konusu bireylere yönelik duyarlılıklarının artırılmasında yararlı olacaktır.Yöntem: Bu araştırmada, özel gereksinimli bireyleri konu alan ve 2000 yılından itibaren yayımlanmış olan okul öncesi dönem resimli öykü kitapları içerik analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Toplamda 20 kitap bu çalışma kapsamında incelenecek kitaplar listesine dâhil edilmiştir. Uluslararası alanyazında yer bulmuş değerlendirme ölçekleri işe koşularak gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada, söz konusu kitaplarda yer alan özel gereksinimli bireylerin kişisel özellikleri, karakter özellikleri, karakter tasvirleri, karakter gelişimleri ve hikâyenin bakış açısına ait bilgilerin yanı sıra özel gereksinimi olan ve olmayan karakterler arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir.Bulgular: İncelenen 20 resimli öykü kitabında sekiz farklı özel gereksinim durumu tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen 20 kitabın altısında fiziksel yetersizlik, dördünde işitme yetersizliği, üçünde zihin yetersizliği, ikisinde disleksi, ikisinde dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu, birinde görme yetersizliği, birinde otizm, birinde de konuşma bozukluğu konu edilmiştir.Tartışma: İncelenen kitaplardaki özel gereksinim durumlarının çeşitliliği benzer geçmiş araştırmalarla örtüşürken karakter gelişimi ve karakterler arası ilişkilere yönelik sonuçlar farklılık göstermektedir. Bu araştırma, özel gereksinimli bireylere yönelik farkındalık kazandırabilecek resimli öykü kitaplarını belirlemiş ve okuma programı önerilerinde bulunmuştur.
Sociological Study of Harmony in Diversity: Lessons from Salatiga
Authors: Putra Andika Dwiarta , Purnomo Daru , Utomo Alvianto Wahyudi
Published: April 2021

Salatiga is known for its diversity as there are more than 33 tribes living harmoniously together in this city. The existence of two religious-based education institutions, i.e. Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana and Institut Agama Islam Negeri Salatiga further proves the diversity of this city that already exists. Moreover, Salatiga respectively gained the predicate as the most top 10 tolerant cities in Indonesia within three years from a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) that promotes tolerance. Based on functional-structural paradigm, society is assumed to be an organic system that has relationships among its parts to maintain the existing system. This study uses the constructivism approach with qualitative methods. The harmony established by CSOs, NGOs, the Government, and religious leaders through programs or activities is aimed to provide motivation and encouragement to the community or society so that they are able to maintain harmony amidst the diversity in Salatiga. Yet, it does not mean that there are no problems or obstacles threating this harmony such as the acts of radicalism from the groups originating from outside Salatiga. The radical groups are trying to mess the tolerance and harmony that has been established for a long time in Salatiga.
Localizing Jihad, Globalizing Jimat: Banser and Jamaah Maiyah in a Global Village
Authors: Karim Ahmad
Published: April 2021

During the last two decades, a dramatic transition from authoritarianism to a rapid process of democratization has been experienced by many different societies across the world. In Indonesia, reformasi 1998 has not only been followed by a massive transformation in many different dimensions but also the changing character of interdependently hybrid governance arrangements which lead to an ‘authoritarian turn’, particularly concerning about the visions of social harmony within a post-democratization context that is impacted by religious violent extremism. As such extremism is experienced daily in Indonesia and elsewhere in the world, while there is an absence of effective state interventions or at least the fact that state is no longer perceived as the principle referent for security, there has been an exceptional trend of what I call ‘ref-ormas-i'. It indicates how non-state actors, more specifically Ormas (mass organizations) is taking the shape of providing people’s basic needs, professing security, promoting inter-religious tolerance, and even campaigning nationalism in the local, national, and global communities. This phenomenon certainly raises a question of how the non-state actors organize their role ‘acting like a state’ in society to produce new forms of ‘imagined communities’. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in two different Indonesian urban settings in Surabaya and Yogyakarta, this paper focuses on elaborating the roles of two different moderate Islamic groups, Banser and Jamaah Maiyah, more specifically on the discourses they use and the empirical actions they perform in securing the local community, defending the national ideology, and idealizing the global harmony through different interpretation of jihad and different approach of engagement in the society, more specifically for responding wide-spread religious extremism.
The Paradoxical Perception of Religious Leaders and Community Members About Islam Nusantara
Authors: Fahmi Reza , Aswirna Prima , Nurdin Syafruddin
Published: April 2021

This article aims to describe the prejudices of religious leaders and community members about Islam Nusantara. This study also aims to draw the picture of people’s preconceptions about Islam Nusantara and to connect the bigotry of religious leaders, the community, and its relation to the social conflict of the people of Padang. The study employes qualitative and quantitative approaches (mixing methods). The population in this study is 32 religious leaders and 168 community members. Data collection techniques employed are observation, interview, and psychological scale. The sampling method used is a simple random sampling technique. This article employed the Pearson correlation as the data analysis techniques. The results of this study found that generally the negative prejudices of religious leaders about Islam Nusantara were high. At the same time, the social conflict during society is classified as low. Meanwhile, the correlation aspect shows that there is no significant correlation between the views of religious leaders and community members about Islam Nusantara, and social conflict in society.
The Role of Local Wisdom as Religious Conflict Resolution in Jambi Indonesia
Authors: HM Pahrudin , Halim Abdul
Published: April 2021

This research aims at analyzing the potential for social conflict, especially religious conflict related to the establishment of houses of worship in Jambi. This study was conducted by employing a qualitative research approach with a type of case study research. This research was conducted in three districts in Jambi (Telanaipura, Alam Barajo, and Kotabaru). The results show that as a plural city, Jambi is not spared from the conflict of the establishment of places of worship that occurred in three regions. However, the previous conflicts that occurred were not prolonged because the people of Jambi still adhered to the wisdom of the local culture in the form of Seloko Adat which internalized through family, education, and the environment. As a significant potential of a conflict resolution, however, the Jambi society in general are lack of understanding of Seloko Adat.
Transmitting the Turāth: A Portrait of Islamic Tradition in the North Coast of Java in Countering Radicalism
Authors: Irfan Agus , Makhsun Toha , Mujib Ahmad , Madrah Muna Yastuti
Published: April 2021

This article discusses one of the important Islamic traditions in the coastal areas of Central Java, Indonesia, where the majority of Muslims receive moral teachings through the recitation of turāth from the local islamic clerics, known as Kiai. This form of Islamic tradition is represented by Pengajian Ahad Pagi in Semarang and Jamaah Muji Nabi (often abbreviated as Jamuna) in Demak Regency. Examining religious movements through a phenomenological approach, this study found that in delivering the religious materials both Pengajian Ahad Pagi and Jamaah Muji Nabi use the transmission method. Such an approach emphasizes the aspect of narration, in which the Kiai reads one of the turāth (classical Islamic books), interprets it word by word, and then explains it comprehensively. Besides, the educational style delivered by the Kiai in the two said turāth-based teachings emphasized the aspect of Sufism that involved sense. It stands to reason that the congregation feels motivated, both in terms of religious knowledge and morals, and is possibly not trapped in a binary mindset seeing religious issues in black and white as framed by the radical groups. The findings of this study indicate that Pengajian Ahad Pagi and Jamaah Muji Nabi found the continuity of their vision and initial idea in response to the culture and life of the surrounding community.
Characterization of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa possessing the ctxB gene of the classical biotype isolated from well water associated with the cholera outbreak in Kerala, South India
Authors: Reethy P. S. , Lalitha K. V.
Published: April 2021

We investigated 22 water samples (17 well water and five pipe water – both chlorinated) and six soil samples from the surroundings of wells of the households of suspected patients from Palakkad district, Kerala (India), from where a cholera outbreak was reported during June–July 2016. A total of 25 Vibrio cholerae isolates were collected from three well water samples during a recent cholera outbreak. Biochemical and serological studies revealed that all of the isolates belonged to serogroup O1, biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa. PCR assays confirmed the occurrence of ctxB, ctxA, hlyA, tcpA El Tor,VPI, ace, zot, ompW, rfbO1 and toxR genes in all isolates. The presence of the ctxB gene of the classical biotype in all of the El Tor isolates suggests that it is a new variant of El Tor biotype. Antibiogram profile of all V. cholerae O1 isolates revealed resistance towards five classes of antibiotics island and indicates that they were multidrug resistant. ERIC-PCR and PFGE finger prints showed the clonal relationship among the V. cholerae O1 isolates. The results of this study revealed the emergence of a new variant of El Tor biotype in the water samples from Palakkad district, from where a cholera outbreak was reported.
Exploring the fluorescence quenching interaction of amino acids and protein with natural organic matter by a multi-spectroscopic method
Authors: Saipetch Kornravee , Khanal Rajendra , Yamazaki Masaki , Fu Qing-Long , Yoshimura Chihiro , Jin Xin Kai
Published: April 2021

The main objective of this research was to explore the fluorescence quenching mechanism of a humic substance (Suwannee River natural organic matter (SWNOM)) to amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine) and protein (bovine serum albumin, (BSA)) by multi-spectroscopic methods. The locations of the peaks of tryptophan, tyrosine, and BSA from Parallel Factor Analysis were at Ex/Em 280/356 nm, 275/302 nm, and 280/344 nm, respectively. For SWNOM, two peaks appeared at Ex/Em of 240/448 nm, and 350/450 nm. Static quenching was the dominant quenching mechanism between BSA and SWNOM, whereas no quenching was observed between tryptophan or tyrosine and SWNOM. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermodynamic calculation demonstrated that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force are the potential binding forces of the BSA-SWNOM complex, as a result of rearrangement in the secondary polypeptide carbonyl hydrogen bonding network of BSA. This rearrangement led to the conformational change in BSA that induced quenching of BSA fluorescence by SWNOM.
Magnetic cotton textile wastes pyrolyzed by ferric cerium oxide for degradation of p-nitrophenol by catalytic ozonation
Authors: Fu Xiaojie , Huang Yuanxing , Jin Zhihao , Li Liang , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: April 2021

In this paper, magnetic cotton textile wastes pyrolyzed by ferric cerium oxide (FexCey oxide/PC) were synthesized for degradation of p-nitrophenol by catalytic ozonation, and the optimal Fe-Ce ratio was 10:1. Compared to Fe10Ce1 oxide, the Fe10Ce1 oxide/PC not only greatly improved the degradation efficiency of PNP, but also reduced the dosage of catalyst. Through the BET test, the Fe10Ce1 oxide/PC has a high specific surface area to absorb part of the pollutants. VSM test shows that the material is magnetic and easy to recycle. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the experimental condition, and the optimal removal rate was 90% when the initial pH was 9, the catalyst dosage was 0.4 g/L, and the ozone addition was 1.77 L/min (5.9 mg/L). Finally, the mechanism of PNP degradation was explored utilizing inhibitor and ESR free radical detection. The adsorption capacity of the material and electron-absorbing property of PNP jointly determined the high catalytic efficiency with Fe10Ce1 oxide/PC in catalytic ozonation.
Optimization of electrocoagulation process parameters for enhancing phosphate removal in a biofilm-electrocoagulation system
Authors: Zeng Jie , Ji Min , Zhao Yingxin , Helmer Pedersen Thomas , Wang Hao
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to enhance the removal of phosphate in synthetic rural sewage by using a continuous electrocoagulation (EC) combined with biofilm process in an integrated system. Characteristic indexes of biofilm process effluent covering pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phosphate maintained a narrow fluctuation range and tended not readily to influence the phosphate removal of subsequent electrocoagulation. Three parameters including inter-electrode distance, current intensity and reaction time were selected to investigate the performance of enhancing phosphate removal. On the strength of single-factor tests, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to investigate the individual and mutual interaction impacts of the major operating parameters and to optimize conditions. The optimum conditions were found to be inter-electrode distance of 1.8 cm, current density of 2.1 mA/cm2 and EC reaction time of 34 min, and phosphate removal efficiency of 90.24% was achieved along with less than 1 mg/L in case of periodic polarity switching mode, which raised removal efficiency by 10.10% and reduced operating cost by 0.13 CNY/g PO4− compared to non-switching mode. The combination of biofilm processing and electrocoagulation treatment was proven to be a valid and feasible method for enhancing phosphate removal.
Pyrite/H2O2/hydroxylamine system for efficient decolorization of rhodamine B
Authors: He Guang-Jun , Zhong Deng-Jie , Xu Yun-Lan , Liu Peng , Zeng Si-Jing , Wang Shuang
Published: April 2021

To improve the efficiency of the Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle and continuous reactivity of pyrite, a pyrite/H2O2/hydroxylamine (HA) system was proposed to treat rhodamine B (RhB). The results showed that near-complete decolorization and 52.8% mineralization 50 mg L−1 RhB were achieved under its optimum conditions: HA 0.8 mM, H2O2 1.6 mM, pyrite 0.4 g L−1, and initial pH 4.0. The degradation reaction was dominated by an •OH radical produced by the reaction of Fe2+ with H2O2 in solution. HA primarily had two roles: in solution, HA could accelerate the Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle through its strong reducibility to enhance RhB decolorization; on the pyrite surface, HA could improve the continuous reactivity of pyrite by inhibiting the oxidation of pyrite. In addition, the dosing manner of HA had a significant effect on RhB decolorization. In addition, the high decolorization and mineralization efficiency of other dye pollutants suggested that the pyrite/H2O2/HA system might be widely used in textile wastewater treatment.