bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational screening for potential drug candidates against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease
Authors: Silva Andrade Bruno , Ghosh Preetam , Barh Debmalya , Tiwari Sandeep , José Santana Silva Raner , Rodrigues de Assis Soares Wagner , Silva Melo Tarcisio , Santos Freitas Andria , González-Grande Patrícia , Sousa Palmeira Lucas , Carlos Junior Alcantara Luiz , Giovanetti Marta , Góes-Neto Aristóteles , Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo Vasco
Published: June 2020

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is the causal agent of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. They are enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses of the Coronaviridae family. Proteases of SARS-CoV-2 are necessary for viral replication, structural assembly, and pathogenicity. The approximately 33.8 kDa Mpro protease of SARS-CoV-2 is a non-human homologue and is highly conserved among several coronaviruses, indicating that Mpro could be a potential drug target for Coronaviruses.

Methods: Herein, we performed computational ligand screening of four pharmacophores (OEW, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and N3) that are presumed to have positive effects against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease (6LU7), and also screened 50,000 natural compounds from the ZINC Database dataset against this protease target.

Results: We found 40 pharmacophore-like structures of natural compounds from diverse chemical classes that exhibited better affinity of docking as compared to the known ligands. The 11 best selected ligands, namely ZINC1845382, ZINC1875405, ZINC2092396, ZINC2104424, ZINC44018332, ZINC2101723, ZINC2094526, ZINC2094304, ZINC2104482, ZINC3984030, and ZINC1531664, are mainly classified as beta-carboline, alkaloids, and polyflavonoids, and all displayed interactions with dyad CYS145 and HIS41 from the protease pocket in a similar way as other known ligands.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that these 11 molecules could be effective against SARS-CoV-2 protease and may be subsequently tested in vitro and in vivo to develop novel drugs against this virus.
Rectal gonorrhoea and chlamydia among men who have sex with men in coastal Kenya
Authors: Ngetsa Caroline J. , Heymann Marc W. , Thiong'o Alex , Wahome Elizabeth , Mwambi John , Karani Clara , Menza Nelson C. , Mwashigadi Grace , Muturi Margaret W. , Graham Susan M. , Mugo Peter M. , Sanders Eduard J.
Published: June 2020

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) have a higher prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections compared to the rest of the population, often remaining undiagnosed. In Kenya, prevalence of rectal CT and NG infection and NG antimicrobial sensitivity are poorly described.

Methods: MSM who reported receptive anal intercourse (RAI) were recruited from an ongoing human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and treatment study in coastal Kenya in 2016-2017. Rectal swabs were collected at two time points 6 months apart to estimate prevalence and incidence of CT/NG infection using a molecular point-of-care assay. Participants positive for CT or NG were treated according to national guidelines. NG culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Participant and risk behaviour characteristics were collected and association with baseline CT/NG prevalence assessed by multivariable regression analysis.

Results: Prevalence of CT/NG in 104 MSM was 21.2% (CT 13.5%, NG 9.6%, dual infection 1.9%) at baseline and 25.9% in 81 MSM at follow-up (CT 14.8%, NG 14.8%, dual infection 3.7%). CT/NG incidence was estimated at 53.0 (95% CI, 34.5-81.3) per 100 person-years. Most CT/NG positive participants were asymptomatic: 95.5% at baseline and 100% at follow-up. CT/NG infection was associated with being paid for sex [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=6.2, 95% CI (1.7-22.9)] and being in formal employment [aOR=7.5, 95% CI (1.1-49.2)]. Six NG isolates were obtained at follow-up; all were susceptible to ceftriaxone and cefixime and all were resistant to penicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin.

Conclusions: There is a high prevalence and incidence of asymptomatic rectal CT and NG in MSM reporting RAI in coastal Kenya. MSM who were paid for sex or had formal employment were more likely to be infected with CT/NG suggesting increased risk behaviour during transactional sex. Antimicrobial susceptibility results suggest that current antibiotic choices in Kenya are appropriate for NG treatment.
The Pediatric Hospital Medicine Core Competencies: 2020 Revision Introduction and Methodology
Authors: Maniscalco Jennifer , Gage Sandra , Teferi Sofa , Fisher Erin Stucky
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The Pediatric Hospital Medicine (PHM) Core Competencies define the expertise required of practitioners and provide a framework for educational activities. Since initial publication in 2010, the scope of practice for pediatric hospitalists has evolved in clinical, research, administrative, and educational arenas.

OBJECTIVE

To describe the methodology utilized in the revision of The PHM Core Competencies to ensure a product reflective of current roles and expectations for pediatric hospitalists across all training pathways and practice settings.

METHODS

The Society of Hospital Medicine (SHM) Pediatrics Special Interest Group supported the initiation of the revision. A diverse group of editors and authors was engaged from among members of SHM, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Academic Pediatrics Association. Editorial roles were expanded to represent all practice settings. More than 80 individuals contributed, representing both university and community sites, and all US geographic regions. Editors conducted a two‐part needs assessment; a survey related to content was distributed to the PHM community and content from recent conferences and PHM related publications was reviewed. The final compendium consists of 4 sections and 66 chapters, including 12 new chapters and 36 chapters with substantial changes. Individual chapters and the entire compendium underwent rigorous internal and external review.

CONCLUSION

The PHM Core Competencies: 2020 Revision reflects the work of a broad spectrum of PHM practitioners responding to the practice and educational changes in PHM over the past decade. The compendium can inform education, training, and career development for pediatric hospitalists practicing now and in coming years.
Deliberación democrática y gobernanza en la participación ciudadana local. El caso de los Consejos Comunales de la Sociedad Civil (COSOC), Biobío, Chile
Authors: León Aravena Javier Antonio , Figueroa Silva Esau Aaron
Published: June 2020

El establecimiento de espacios de participación es un desafío abierto para gran parte de los Estados latinoamericanos. Su óptimo funcionamiento dependería de factores adicionales a la gestión institucional. Este artículo indaga cómo los Consejos Comunales de Organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil (COSOC) responden a requerimientos de gobernanza y deliberación democrática, que articulados con elementos de capital social y cultural, son componentes fundamentales del ejercicio de participación ciudadana. Para explorar este planteamiento, se tomó el caso del Consejo de la Sociedad Civil (COSOC), Chile. Los datos surgen del proyecto para la instalación del cosoc (Ley 20 500), ejecutado en la región del Biobío, Chile, en 2017. La metodología es mixta, predominantemente cualitativa, basada en el análisis de talleres participativos con apoyo de datos descriptivos tomados de las encuestas. Los principales resultados apuntan a la operatividad y eficacia de la participación y al valor que esta adquiere a partir de las condiciones del contexto y demanda social, es decir, cuestiones como la información disponible, el nivel de asociatividad, la formación cívica, las asimetrías de poder, entre otras. Las anteriores, variables vinculadas a la estructura y condiciones de los espacios promovidos y a la calidad de los procesos democráticos en la región.
Fast Algorithms for Rank-1 Bimatrix Games
Authors: Adsul Bharat , Garg Jugal , Mehta Ruta , Sohoni Milind , von Stengel Bernhard
Published: June 2020

Games with multiplicative payoffs
Negotiating parenting practices: the arguments and justifications of Finnish couples
Authors: Eerola Petteri , Närvi Johanna , Terävä Johanna , Repo Katja
Published: June 2020

This article explores Finnish different-sex couples’ (n = 12) negotiations on their parental division of labour. Theoretically, the article is based on the literature on gendered parenting practices and relational negotiations. Our discourse analysis reveals how the couples produced ‘togetherness’ and ‘our family’ by representing their care practices as agreements, irrespective of whether the care was described as equally shared or distinctly gendered. Disagreements reflecting more individualistic tones, and mainly resulting from the mothers’ sense of unfairness, were especially foregrounded when the distribution of household duties was discussed. The analysis also revealed how men cited involved fatherhood as a justification for their lesser responsibility for housework, while women sought to reconcile the contradictory discourses of equal parenting and mother’s primacy. Our results show how personal wishes and preferences, work life, family policies and cultural discourses are reflected in couples’ negotiations on parenting practices and moral identities pertaining to ‘good’ motherhood and fatherhood.
Photoacoustic–ultrasonic dual-mode microscopy with local speed-of-sound estimation
Authors: Chen Wentian , Tao Chao , Nguyen Nghia Q. , Prager Richard W. , Liu Xiaojun
Published: June 2020

Synthetic aperture imaging and virtual point detection have been exploited to extend the depth of view of photoacoustic microscopy. The approach is commonly based on a constant assumed sound speed, which reduces image quality. We propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, self-adaptive technique to estimate the speed of sound when integrated with this hybrid strategy. It is accomplished through linear regression between the square of time of flight detected at individual virtual detectors and the square of their horizontal distances on the focal plane. The imaging results show our proposed method can significantly improve the lateral resolution, imaging intensity, and spatial precision for inhomogeneous tissue.
Portable quantitative phase microscope for material metrology and biological imaging
Authors: Niu Mengxuan , Luo Gang , Shu Xin , Qu Fuyang , Zhou Shuang , Ho Yi-Ping , Zhao Ni , Zhou Renjie
Published: June 2020

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM) has emerged as an important tool for material metrology and biological imaging. For broader adoption in those applications, we have proposed and demonstrated a new portable off-axis QPM method, which works in both transmission and reflection modes to meet different sample measurement requirements. The temporal and spatial sensitivities of our system, as quantified by optical path-length difference values, are 0.65 nm and 1.04 nm, respectively. To demonstrate its applicability for a wide range of applications, we deployed our system for profiling transistor gold electrode samples, observing red blood cell membrane fluctuations, imaging living cells flowing in a microfluidic chip, etc. Our portable QPM system has a low-cost design and involves a simple and robust phase-retrieval algorithm that we envision will allow for broader deployment at different environmental settings, including in resource-limited sites and integration with other metrology or imaging modalities.
On the issue of diaspora’s terminological dispersal
Authors: Ogunyemi Ola
Published: June 2020

This analytical scoping review contributes to the debate about the diaspora’s terminological dispersal that has dominated scholarly discourse in the past two decades. The author argues that diaspora as a ‘metaphoric designation’ is a useful conceptual entry point to chart the multiplicity of ways in which diaspora research has evolved in the twenty-first century. From this premise, diaspora as a ‘metaphoric designation’ mitigates against the ‘nostalgia-premised’ definitions of diasporas and could resolve the concerns about ‘terminological dispersal’ that have proliferated in diaspora studies.
Black migrants in Brazilian and South African tabloids: Representations on the Global South
Authors: Araújo Gilberto Alves
Published: June 2020

This work investigates how Afro-migrants are represented within a Brazilian and a South African tabloid in terms of race and ethnicity. It also employs scorpus linguistics and critical discourse analysis to analyse verbal language. Results suggest that the two newspapers represent black migrants in the light of criminality, either as victims or perpetrators. They often place migrants as beneficiaries of charity, especially in the Brazilian case, and more as perpetrators in the South African case. Passivization of migrants is noticeable in both tabloids; however, the Brazilian outlet resorts mostly to reported speech and editing of the migrants’ voices while the South African offers them either freer speech or silencing. Ultimately, Afro-Latin philosophical principles such as self-determination and empathetic zeal are often times neglected across many depictions.
The Sage Handbook of Media and Migration, Kevin Smets, Koen Leurs, Myria Georgiou, Saskia Witteborn and Radhika Gajjala (eds) (2019)
Authors: Gabor Elena
Published: June 2020

Review of: The Sage Handbook of Media and Migration, Kevin Smets, Koen Leurs, Myria Georgiou, Saskia Witteborn and Radhika Gajjala (eds) (2019)

Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 684 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-52644-721-0, e-book, $93
Clothed memories and clothed futures: A wardrobe study on integration and modest fashion
Authors: Skjold Else
Published: June 2020

This article takes its departure in a study of eight immigrant women and their wardrobes in the period of autumn 2017–spring 2018. The study was conducted in the Danish municipality of Kolding as part of the initial steps in the research programme THREAD – a 33-month innovation project about integration through textile skills hosted by the Centre for Textiles Research in Copenhagen. The study should be perceived as part of a design anthropological investigation consisting of multiple approaches, with the purpose of developing opportunities for job creation and self-employment of immigrant women in the Danish fashion and textile sector. Methodologically, it is based on the so-called ‘wardrobe method’, which means that clothing objects stored in the homes of respondents form the material base of the study around which issues of integration, modesty, appropriateness, change, memory, aspirations, dreams, etc. are negotiated on a daily basis. The article further showcases examples of how the insights were pooled together with other explorative activities and later brought into play in the three E’s of THREAD – empowerment, employment and entrepreneurship.
Phenolic compounds and fatty acids content of some West Algerian olive oils
Authors: BENDI DJELLOUL Mounsif Charaf-eddine , Amrani Sidi Mohamed , Rovellini Pierangela , Chenoune Roza
Published: June 2020

Olive represents the most widespread fruit cultivated in Algeria. Olive oil is the primary source of added fat in the Mediterranean diet with health benefits of which have been verified for millennia. Interest in phenolic compounds in olive oil has increased due to its antioxidant activity, which plays a very important role in human health. The present study is carried out to study the phenolic compounds and fatty acids profile of some olive oils from western Algeria. The quality parameters (acidity, peroxide value, K232, K270), tocopherol analysis, fatty acid composition and phenolic profile were determined by High performance chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that chemlal oil (SBA) recorded the highest level of tocopherol-α with 228.12 mg/Kg. Regarding the fatty acid composition, oleic acid was the most dominant, oil Oleaster (Bensekrane) records the highest percentage (72.80%) of oleic acid. The quantitative data on the phenolic content of the seven samples revealed that chemlal oil (SBA) had the highest level of polyphenols (328.99 mg/Kg). However, Sigoise oil (Sebra1) was characterized by the highest levels of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol (15.89 mg/kg and 22.42 mg/kg, respectively). The highest concentrations of oleuropein derivatives and ligstroside derivatives were observed in chemlal oil (SBA) and the recoreded values were 105.97 mg/Kg and 83.49 mg/Kg, respectively. Chemlal oil (SBA) was characterized by the highest amount of lignans (35.93 mg/Kg), luteolin (10.16 mg/Kg) and apigenin (5.44 mg/Kg). Oleocanthal was found in all the tested samples and it was higher in Chemlal oil (102.43 mg/kg).
Cutting propagation of ‘Cambona 4’ yerba mate clones
Authors: Mayer Leonardo , Nienow Alexandre Augusto , Tres Laura
Published: June 2020

The ‘Cambona 4’ yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. - Aquifoliaceae) stands out for the high productivity and soft taste of the raw material obtained. The seedlings come from the controlled crosses of a female and a male plant. In order to guarantee the planting of even more uniform and productive herbs, the cutting is an alternative of propagation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the rooting capacity of apical and subapical cuttings of six ‘Cambona 4’ clones (C7, C8, C9, C10, C11 and C13) in two seasons, in january (summer/autumn) and april (autumn/winter) treated with 2.000 mg/kg of IBA in the form of talc. The cuttings were standardized with 10 cm, keeping a pair of leaves cut in half. The cutting was done in an agricultural greenhouse, with irrigation by intermittent nebulization, the cuttings were placed to rooting in plastic tubes containing carbonized rice husk. After 120 days, it was verified that the cutting season influenced the response of each clone, but for most clones rooting was higher when performed in summer/autumn, with better rates varying between 78.2% to 90.6% (C8, C9, C11 and C13), while in autumn/winter it was from 59.4% to 75.0% (C7, C10, C11 and C13). In the summer/autumn cutting period, subapical cuttings showed greater survival and rooting than the apical ones, but they didn’t differ when performed in autumn/winter. Leaf retention positively influenced the survival.
Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer Tied to Advanced Colorectal Polyps: An Untapped Opportunity to Screen First-Degree Relatives and Decrease Cancer Burden
Authors: Kolb Jennifer M. , Molmenti Christine L. , Patel Swati G. , Lieberman David A. , Ahnen Dennis J.
Published: June 2020

Advanced adenomas represent a subset of colorectal polyps that are known to confer an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia to the affected individual and their first-degree relatives (FDRs). Accordingly, professional guidelines suggest earlier and more intensive screening for FDRs of those with advanced adenomas similar to FDRs of those with colorectal cancer (CRC). Although the risk to family members is less clear among patients with advanced serrated polyps, they are often considered in the same category. Unfortunately, there is a growing concern that patients, endoscopists, and primary care providers are unaware of the familial risk associated with these polyps, leaving a wide gap in screening these high-risk individuals. Herein, we propose a standardized language around advanced colorectal polyps and present a detailed review of the literature on associated familial risk. We outline the challenges to implementing the current screening recommendations and suggest approaches to overcome these limitations, including a proposed new colonoscopy quality metric to capture communication of familial CRC risk. Improving screening in these high-risk groups has the potential to substantially reduce the burden of CRC.
Gastroprotective effect of ethylacetate fraction of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana on aspirin and histamine-induced gastric ulcer in rats
Authors: Abubakar Ibrahim , Muhammad Yankuzo Hassan , Shuaibu Baraya Yusha'u , Abubakar Gusau Mu'azu
Published: June 2020

Background: Peptic ulcer disease remains endemic in our society affecting about four million people every year worldwide. Hannoa klaineana is used traditionally in the treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases including ulcer.Aim: This study aims at evaluating the gastroprotective effect of ethylacetate fraction of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana (Simaroubaceae).Methods: The gastroprotective effect of ethylacetate fraction of the Hannoa klaineana (50, 100 and 200mg/kg b.wt) was evaluated using aspirin and histamine induced ulcer models.Results: In aspirin-induced ulcer model, the ethylacetate fraction of the Hannoa klaineana demonstrated significant (p<0.001) decreased in mean ulcer index with the maximum protective effect (99.84%) at 200 mg/kg against the gastric damages. While histamine-induced ulcer model, the solvent fraction significantly (p<0.001) decreased mean ulcer index with the protective effect up to 99.83% against the gastric lesions. In both models, a significant (p<0.001) increased in pH value coupled with significant (p<0.001) decreased in gastric volume, free and total acidity in rats pre-treated with varying doses of the ethylacetate fraction was found.Conclusion: The mechanism of gastroprotective effects of ethylacetate fraction of the Hannoa klaineana could be attributed to its ability to stimulate prostaglandins secretion or possess prostaglandins like-substances or suppression of histamine-induced vasospastic effect and gastric secretion.Â Â Â
Arquitectura paralela robótica: modelado y simulación con siemens nx®
Authors: Forero Casallas John Alejandro , Ruiz Rosas Víctor Elberto , Hurtado Cortés Luini Leonardo
Published: June 2020

Se muestra el desarrollo de modelamientos basados en la arquitectura paralela, describiendo detalladamente el proceso con la plataforma Siemens NX®; vista esta como dispositivos multifuncionales diseñados para mover partes o herramientas a través de movimientos programados para la realización de tareas específicas, compuestos por cadenas cinemáticas conectadas a un eslabón fijo. Gracias a esta cinemática es posible estudiar las trayectorias de los eslabones en función del tiempo, unidos por juntas, las cuales limitan su movilidad. La perspectiva de desarrollo que se muestra está en la vía de orientar implementaciones de laboratorios presenciales en robótica básica.
Marco de desarrollo algorítmico de inteligencia de enjambres aplicada en almacenes
Authors: González Pinzón Cesar Leonardo , Espitia Cuchango Helbert Eduardo , Avendaño Prieto Gerardo
Published: June 2020

La inteligencia de enjambres biológicos ha tenido un alto desarrollo en diferentes campos de la ingeniería aplicada, como es el caso de la robótica colaborativa en donde, a través de la bioinspiración, se desarrollan algoritmos que buscan imitar los comportamientos emergentes que suceden en la naturaleza cuando interactúan los integrantes de un enjambre de manera local, generando una inteligencia para resolver una problemática de manera auto organizada. Dentro de las aplicaciones en campos de la ingeniera está el desarrollo de procesos automatizados en ambientes de toda la cadena productiva de las empresas. Es por ello que este articulo busca dar un marco de referencia en la automatización de almacenes de picking, aplicando algoritmos de inteligencia artificial, específicamente la técnica de inteligencia de enjambres, que posibilite el uso de agentes que interactúen de forma colaborativa (cero colisiones, manipulación de objetos, entre otras) y competitiva (menor gasto de energía para el desarrollo de actividades), bajo un esquema de comunicación ambiente – agente, agente.
Electromiógrafo dinámico portátil para la marcha humana
Authors: Camargo Casallas Esperanza , Puentes Pérez Stephanie Lizeth , Pulido Morales Sergio Enrique
Published: June 2020

Un significativo porcentaje de la población Colombiana presenta patología en sus extremidades inferiores; sin embargo, la falta de laboratorios con análisis objetivos hace que no se diagnostiquen en los estudios de los pacientes. En el presente artículo, se describe la investigación que condujo a un electromiógrafo portátil con la función de adquirir señales eléctricas provenientes de las diferentes unidades motoras de los músculos de las extremidades inferiores -implicados en la marcha-; procesarlas y guardarlas en un dispositivo de almacenamiento remoto (microSD™) para luego visualizarlas en un computador con una aplicación de java, teniendo la posibilidad de que estos estudios sean importados a un PDF para que sean imprimibles. El dispositivo cuenta con dos canales de estudio, un marcador de paso, un elemento de aislamiento eléctrico, para la protección del paciente y es alimentado con pilas recargables. Se contribuye de este modo con un módulo del laboratorio de Marcha humana -en conjunto con especialistas de postgrado en medicina física y rehabilitación de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia- para abarcar más demanda, ofreciendo alta calidad, comodidad y eficiencia, a través de un dispositivo totalmente portátil y cuyos estudios serán de mayor realismo al desarrollarse en la cotidianidad del paciente, resolviendo el problema de que las personas cambian el patrón de marcha al ser observadas.
Algunas propiedades para matrices que conmutan con su traspuesta
Authors: Salazar Gualdrón Juan Carlos
Published: June 2020

el propósito de este artículo es presentar algunas condiciones que caracterizan el conjunto de matrices n X n: Tn = {A ∈ Mn (C) | AAT = ATA }, donde M n (C) denota el conjunto de las matrices cuadradas de orden n, C el conjunto de los números complejos y T el operador de trasposición.
Design and simulation of a non-resonant antenna: waveguide slot antenna for 30 GHz
Authors: Montiel Óscar I , Ayala Mario A. , Ripoll S. Lácides
Published: June 2020

The main contribution of this article is the design and simulation of a non-resonant slot antenna based on wave guides to operate in the range of microwaves. The design is done using MATLAB and the Chebyshev synthesis to determine the distribution of current in each element. Based on this information, the size and distribution of the elements are calculated. Different design conditions are simulated, such as: changes in the level from main lobe to secondary and dierent number of slots at one frequency. The slots are interleaved with respect to the axis of the waveguide and separated by a distance (d). To determine its dimensions, it is necessary to deduce the conductances of the array. A particular design case is compared with simulations from the software CST Microwave Studio. It is observed that radiation diagrams are very similar in both number and amplitude of the lobes, validating the tool used.
Problema de asignación quadrática (pac) sobre gpu a través de una pga maestro-esclavo
Authors: Castellanos Millán Julián Octavio , Amarillo Calvo Víctor Hugo , Poveda Chaves Roberto Manuel
Published: June 2020

Este documento describe la implementación de un algoritmo genético paralelo maestroesclavo (AGP) en unidades de procesamiento gráfico (UPG) para encontrar soluciones o soluciones cercanas a soluciones óptimas para casos particulares del Problema de asignación Cuadrática (PAC). La eficiencia del algoritmo se prueba en un conjunto de problemas de la biblioteca estándar QAPLIB.
La amenaza persistente avanzada (apa) y su método de delincuencia
Authors: Novoa Roldán Kristel Solange , Vargas Verdugo Johan , Berdugo Romero Edwing Oswaldo
Published: June 2020

La denominada Amenaza Persistente Avanzada (APA) tiene como objetivo obtener información clave, de manera que el atacante pueda usar esta información para manipular o controlar el equipo informático de una organización para su propio beneficio. Por estas razones es importante conocer las funciones y procedimientos operativos de una APA, diagnosticar y analizar su detección temprana y entender cómo funciona. El presente artículo, describe la forma de conocer el funcionamiento y el alcance de estas amenazas usando pruebas desde un servidor tomando una máquina de laboratorio e identificando las amenazas de acuerdo con el nivel de persistencia. Esto ayudará a determinar controles internos de la organización, permitiendo desarrollar planes de contingencia de anticipación
Algoritmo de optimización de colonias de hormigas para el problema de distribución en planta
Authors: Obando Solano Jhineth Paola , Zamora Moreno Jhonny Andrey , Giraldo Ramos Frank Nixon
Published: June 2020

Este artículo es resultado de un trabajo de investigación sobre las aplicaciones de algoritmos bioinspirados e inteligentes en el ámbito de ingeniería en producción, en la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, abarcando las temáticas de investigación de operaciones, distribución en planta industrial de manufactura entre otros. Se pretende buscar la optimización a problemas propios de esos campos, aplicando inteligencia artificial de enjambres, a partir de la implementación de un algoritmo de Optimización de Colonias de Hormigas (Ant Colony Optimization - ACO) como herramienta metaheurística de planificación y optimización del problema de distribución en planta, con el objetivo de buscar la mejor asignación espacial de estaciones o celdas de trabajo. Se presentan los conceptos teóricos explorados y los resultados obtenidos. En primer lugar se efectuó la revisión de estado del arte sobre la temática, luego se evaluaron los posibles algoritmos de solución, para identificar la función objetivo a optimizar, para finalmente aplicar el algoritmo ACO, y evaluar los resultados de desempeño del mismo frente a la configuración inicial que tenía la planta.
Development of a grip and support system for public transport
Authors: Conto-Campis Juan Camilo , Ortiz-Guzmán Jessica Marlen , Castiblanco-Jiménez Ivonne Angélica , Ortiz-Guzmán Johan Enrique
Published: June 2020

It is given that in Bogotá public transport system moves approximately 29.18% of the population, it is essential to ensure that the features of the service provision are the most appropriate for its users; for example, the support bars inside the vehicle are not at an adequate height according to the physical characteristics of the users, generating risks within the vehicles. Due to this failure has not been resolved in its entirety by the service provider is important to implement a method that allows adequate grip to the fasteners, considering this, the project aims to develop a system of grip and support that reduces the risks of physical damage to the user during his trip. This system will allow users who are in the orthostatic position (standing) to anchor themselves in a simple way of the elements incorporated in the vehicle. The development process was carried out using a combination of the Ulrich and Schnarch methodologies
Vulnerabilities in the internet of things
Authors: Najar-Pacheco José Custodio , Bohada-Jaime John Alexander , Rojas-Moreno Wilmar Yovany
Published: June 2020

The Internet of Things has allowed the connection of a countless number of devices, which has facilitated control and even decision-making by them, but at the same time security vulnerabilities in operating systems, wireless security protocols, its applications, as well as the vulnerabilities in IoT, acronym in English of Internet of Things, devices, have allowed considerable sums of money to be paid to health institutions and patients for allowing the functionality of their equipment, according to security experts the world is facing a perfect storm which can allows attacks and system hijackings increasing in number, volume and gravity, since when adding more devices, they become access doors for intruders. However, it is important to be aware that everything that connects to the Internet is vulnerable; it has been demonstrated since birth, as well as the IoT.
Optimization of a linear controller using dynamic back-propagation
Authors: Espitia-Cuchango Helbert Eduardo , Machón-González Iván , López-García Hilario
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the optimization of a linear controller for a DC motor using Dynamic Back-Propagation algorithm. This algorithm is commonly employed for neural networks training; however, it can be used for optimization of a linear controller. The results show a satisfactory controller optimization.
Assembly and implementation of modular quadrupedal architecture
Authors: Cruz Carbonell Vanessa , Castillo-Estepa Ricardo Andrés
Published: June 2020

This paper describes the assembling process of a quadrupedal architecture using the modular robotic system Mecabot. Several possible topologies are addressed to finally opt for a design that allows the use of an active column. Based on this, the mathematical model of the control is proposed to perform the movements of displacement, open turn and rotation. The locomotion profiles for these first two movement modalities are bio-inspired. For the rotation modality, a characteristic quadrupedal robot transition is used to allow the correct rotation execution without using a great number of degrees of freedom. The robot is tested on structured and unstructured terrains by measuring its speed in function of the movement frequency variation. For the open turn modality, the described circumference radius is measured in function of the offset variation. With the tests, the second Mecabot configuration with legs is finally obtained complementing the research work carried out for apodal configurations (snake, wheel caterpillar) and hexapod.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI PROLANIS PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN CIMAHI TENGAH
Authors: Juwita Elvera , Susilowati Susilowati , Mauliku Novie E , Nugrahaeni Dyan K
Published: June 2020

Latar Belakang: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi penyakit seperti kardiovaskular, retinopatik, gangren, kerusakan ginjal dan neuropati. Dari 34 Provinsi di Indonesia, Jawa Barat menduduki peringkat tertinggi mencapai 186.809 orang penderita DM. Dilihat dari segi ekonomi pembiayaan kesehatan akibat diabetes, beban biaya langsung medis penderita rawat jalan yang yang ditanggung setiap tahunnya kurang lebih telah mencapai 1.349.126 ribu rupiah. Hal ini akan membebani indonesia, penderita, dan keluarga. DM tidak dapat disembuhkan tetapi kadar gula darah dapat dikendalikan melalui aktivitas fisik, diet, dan obat-obatan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kadar gula darah pada pasien DM tipe 2 di PROLANIS Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah.Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan 52 sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan total sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah univariat untuk melihat distribusi frekuensi, bivariat dengan menggunakan uji Kolerasi Spearman, dan multivariat untuk melihat faktor dominan yang berpengaruh menggunakan uji Regresi Logistik Ganda.Hasil: Hasil analisis terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik (p=0,019, r=-0,323), asupan karbohidrat (p=0,001, r=0,627), kepatuhan minum obat (0,009, r=-0,798) dengan kadar gula darah dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara indeks masa tubuh (p=0,778, r=0,040) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara lingkar pinggang (p=0,187, r=0,186) dengan kadar gula darah. Simpulan: Kepatuhan minum obat merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kadar gula darah (p=0,017, OR=24,956).
PERBEDAAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI SAAT SARAPAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR STUNTING DAN TIDAK STUNTING DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Zogara Asweros Umbu , Pantaleon Maria Goreti , Loaloka Meirina Sulastri , Sine Juni Gressilda Louisa
Published: June 2020

Latar Belakang: Stunting menggambarkan kegagalan pertumbuhan dan sering ditemui pada anak sekolah. Stunting dapat menurunkan kualitas generasi di masa mendatang. Anak stunting perlu diberikan sarapan agar dapat fokus pada pelajaran dan beraktivitas optimal di sekolah. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis beda asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro saat sarapan pada siswa sekolah dasar stunting dan tidak stunting di Kota Kupang. Metode: Desain case control diterapkan dalam studi ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2019 di SD Inpres Maulafa dan SD Negeri Kelapa Lima, Kota Kupang. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah asupan zat gizi, meliputi karbohidrat, protein, lemak, zat besi, seng, vitamin A, dan kalsium, sedangkan variabel terikat, yaitu stunting. Asupan zat gizi dikumpulkan menggunakan form food recall 1x24 jam dan status stunting ditentukan dengan melakukan pengukuran tinggi badan menggunakan microtoise kemudian dihitung menggunakan indikator TB/U. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas 5 dengan jumlah 58 siswa stunting dan 58 siswa tidak stunting yang dipilih menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dan diuji dengan independent t-test. Hasil: Lebih banyak responden berjenis kelamin perempuan yang stunting (58,6%). Ada perbedaan asupan karbohidrat (p=0,022), protein (p=0,044), lemak (p=0,046), zat besi (p=0,035) dan seng (p=0,043) saat sarapan pada siswa stunting dan tidak stunting. Simpulan: Ada perbedaan asupan zat gizi makro dan mikro saat sarapan pada siswa sekolah dasar stunting dan tidak stunting di Kota Kupang.
HUBUNGAN RASIO LP/TB (Lingkar Pinggang Terhadap Tinggi Badan) DENGAN RASIO KADAR TG/HDL PADA REMAJA OBES SENTRAL
Authors: Noer Etika Ratna , Dewi Luthfia , Tjahjono Kusmiyati DK , Sulchan Mohammad , Ardiaria Martha
Published: June 2020

Latar belakang: Penanda aterogenik dan resistensi insulin pada subjek obesitas sentral yang akurat dan aplikatif dapat menggunakan rasio TG/HDL. Penelitian sebelumnya telah banyak diteliti tentang pemeriksaan HOMA-IR pada subjek dengan resistensi insulin. Rasio LP/TB diketahui lebih unggul dalam memprediksi risiko penyakit jantung koroner dibandingkan LP saja karena rasio ini merupakan indeks yang stabil pada ras, umur, dan jenis kelamin berbeda. Saat ini penelitian tentang hubungan rasio LP/TB dengan rasio TG/HDL pada subjek remaja obes masih terbatas.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan rasio LP/TB dengan rasio TG/HDL pada remajadengan obesitas sentral.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang. Kriteria inklusi meliputi, remaja perempuan atau laki-laki, berusia 19-20 tahun,memiliki IMT > 25kg/m2 dan lingkar pingang >80cm untuk perempuan dan >90 cm untuk laki-laki. Berat badan menggunakan alat bio impedance analyzer. LP diukur menggunakan pita metlin statis. Pengambilan sampel darah untuk TG dan HDL melalui vena, setelah puasa semalam (10 jam) kemudian diuji menggunakan autoanalyzer. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Pearson dan Spearman rank test.Hasil: Kami menganalisis pada 56 remaja dengan obesitas sentral. Rerata LP (88,9 ± 8,67cm), kadar TG (105 ± 56,62mg/dL), HDL-c (45,3 ± 12,61mg/dL), rasio LP/TB (0,55 ± 0,04), rasio TG/HDL 2,3 ± 1,42). Ada hubungan signifikan antara rasio LP/TB dengan TG/HGL (r=0,386; p=0,003)Simpulan: Rasio LP/TB tinggi berkorelasi dengan peningkatan rasio TG/HDL-C pada remaja dengan obesitas sentral dan dapat digunakan sebagai penanda awal resiko metabolik
PENGARUH WAKTU FORTIFIKASI VITAMIN B12 (SIANOKOBALAMIN) DAN VITAMIN D3 (KALSIFEROL) TERHADAP MUTU GIZI KEFIR SUSU KAMBING
Authors: Mumpuni Ocka Febrian , Maulana Reza Achmad , Ayustaningwarno Fitriyono , Panunggal Binar , Anjani Gemala
Published: June 2020

Latar belakang: Kefir menjadi media fortifikasi zat gizi yang tepat karena memiliki zat enkapsulasi alami yaitu kefiran. Penambahan vitamin B12 dan vitamin D3 untuk mencegah kekurangan vitamin B12 dan D3 pada keadaan resistensi insulin serta meningkatkan mutu gizi kefir susu kambing.Tujuan: Mengetahui adanya pengaruh waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12, vitamin D3 pada mutu gizi kefir susu kambing.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan fortifikan vitamin B12 dan D3 dengan penambahan fortifikan pada jam ke-0, ke-6, ke-12, ke-18 dan ke-24.Hasil:Fortifikasi vitamin B12 dan D3 pada kefir susu kambing antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan signifikan beda nyata pada kadar vitamin D3 (p=0,000) kadar protein (p=0,030), dan kadar serat (p=0,000), diikuti hasil konsentrasi pH (p=0,008), diikuti oleh kadar konsentrasi vitamin B12 (p=0,165), viskositas (p=0,646) dan lemak (p=0,265)Simpulan: Fortifikasi vitamin B12 dan D3 pada kefir susu kambing mendapatkan tingkat kadar optimum terjadi pada fortifikasi vitamin B12 dan D3 pada kelompok perlakuan jam ke-12.
A Framework for supporting DBMS-like indexes in the cloud
Authors: Chen Gang , Vo Hoang Tam , Wu Sai , Ooi Beng Chin , Özsu M. Tamer
Published: June 2020

To support "Database as a service" (DaaS) in the cloud, the database system is expected to provide similar functionalities as in centralized DBMS such as efficient processing of ad hoc queries. The system must therefore support DBMS-like indexes, possibly a few indexes for each table to provide fast location of data distributed over the network. In such a distributed environment, the indexes have to be distributed over the network to achieve scalability and reliability. Each cluster node maintains a subset of the index data. As in conventional DBMS, indexes incur maintenance overhead and the problem is more complex in the distributed environment since the data are typically partitioned and distributed based on a subset of attributes. Further, the distribution of indexes is not straight forward, and there is therefore always the question of scalability, in terms of data volume, network size, and number of indexes.

In this paper, we examine the problem of providing DBMS-like indexing mechanisms in cloud DaaS, and propose an extensible, but simple and efficient indexing framework that enables users to define their own indexes without knowing the structure of the underlying network. It is also designed to ensure the efficiency of hopping between cluster nodes during index traversal, and reduce the maintenance cost of indexes. We implement three common indexes, namely distributed hash indexes, distributed B
+
-tree-like indexes and distributed multi-dimensional indexes, to demonstrate the usability and effectiveness of the framework. We conduct experiments on Amazon EC2 and an in-house cluster to verify the efficiency and scalability of the framework.
On link-based similarity join
Authors: Sun Liwen , Cheng Reynold , Li Xiang , Cheung David W. , Han Jiawei
Published: June 2020

Graphs can be found in applications like social networks, bibliographic networks, and biological databases. Understanding the relationship, or
links
, among graph nodes enables applications such as link prediction, recommendation, and spam detection. In this paper, we propose
link-based similarity join
(LS-join), which extends the similarity join operator to link-based measures. Given two sets of nodes in a graph, the LS-join returns all pairs of nodes that are highly similar to each other, with respect to an
e
-function. The
e
-function generalizes common measures like Personalized PageRank (PPR) and SimRank (SR). We study an efficient LS-join algorithm on a large graph. We further improve our solutions for PPR and SR, which involve expensive random-walk operations. We validate our solutions by performing extensive experiments on three real graph datasets.
Approximate substring matching over uncertain strings
Authors: Ge Tingjian , Li Zheng
Published: June 2020

Text data is prevalent in life. Some of this data is uncertain and is best modeled by probability distributions. Examples include biological sequence data and automatic ECG annotations, among others. Approximate
substring
matching over
uncertain
texts is largely an unexplored problem in data management. In this paper, we study this intriguing question. We propose a semantics called (
k
, τ)-matching queries and argue that it is more suitable in this context than a related semantics that has been proposed previously. Since uncertainty incurs considerable overhead on indexing as well as the final verification for a match, we devise techniques for both. For indexing, we propose a multilevel filtering technique based on measuring signature distance; for verification, we design two algorithms that give upper and lower bounds and significantly reduce the costs. We validate our algorithms with a systematic evaluation on two real-world datasets and some synthetic datasets.
PALM
Authors: Sewall Jason , Chhugani Jatin , Kim Changkyu , Satish Nadathur , Dubey Pradeep
Published: June 2020

Concurrency control on B
+
trees is primarily achieved with latches, but serialization and contention can hinder scalability. As core counts on current processors increase, it is imperative to develop
scalable
latch-free techniques for concurrency control.

We present PALM, a novel technique for performing multiple concurrent queries on in-memory B
+
trees. PALM is based on the Bulk Synchronous Parallel model, which guarantees freedom from deadlocks and race conditions. Input queries are grouped and processed in
atomic batches
, and work proceeds in stages that preclude contention. Transitions between stages are accomplished with scalable
point-to-point communication.
PALM exploits data-and thread-level parallelism on modern many-core architectures, and performs 40M
1
updates/second on trees with 128M keys, and 128M updates/second on trees with 512K keys on the latest CPU architectures. Our throughput is 2.3X--19X that of state-of-the-art concurrent update algorithms on in-memory B
+
trees. PALM obtains close to peak throughput at very low response times of less than 350μs, even for large trees. We also evaluate PALM on the Intel
®
Many Integrated Core (Intel
®
MIC) architecture, and demonstrate a speedup of 1.5--2.1X for out-of-cache tree sizes on an Intel
®
Knights Ferry over a pair of Intel
®
Xeon
®
processors DP X5680 (Westmere-EP) in a dual-socket configuration.
RecBench
Authors: Levandoski Justin J. , Ekstrand Michael D. , Ludwig Michael J. , Eldawy Ahmed , Mokbel Mohamed F. , Riedl John T.
Published: June 2020

Traditionally, recommender systems have been "hand-built", implemented as custom applications hard-wired to a particular recommendation task. Recently, the database community has begun exploring alternative DBMS-based recommender system architectures, whereby a database both
stores
the recommender system data (e.g., ratings data and the derived recommender models) and
generates
recommendations using SQL queries. In this paper, we present a comprehensive experimental comparison of both architectures. We define a set of benchmark tasks based on the needs of a typical recommender-powered e-commerce site. We then evaluate the performance of the "hand-built" MultiLens recommender application against two DBMS-based implementations: an unmodified DBMS and
RecStore
, a DBMS modified to improve efficiency in incremental recommender model updates. We employ two non-trivial data sets in our study: the 10 million rating MovieLens data, and the 100 million rating data set used in the Netflix Challenge. This study is the first of its kind, and our findings reveal an interesting trade-off: "hand-built" recommenders exhibit superior performance in model-building and pure recommendation tasks, while DBMS-based recommenders are superior at more complex recommendation tasks such as providing filtered recommendations and blending text-search with recommendation prediction scores.
Optimal schemes for robust web extraction
Authors: Parameswaran Aditya , Dalvi Nilesh , Garcia-Molina Hector , Rastogi Rajeev
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we consider the problem of constructing wrappers for web information extraction that are robust to changes in websites. We consider two models to study robustness formally: theadversarialmodel, where we look at the worst-case robustness of wrappers, andprobabilisticmodel, where we look at the expected robustness of wrappers, as web-pages evolve. Under both models, we present efficient algorithms for constructing the provably most robust wrapper. By evaluating on real websites, we demonstrate that in practice, our algorithms are highly effective in coping up with changes in websites, and reduce the wrapper breakage by up to 500% over existing techniques.