bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Special Issue on Infectious Disease Control in SATREPS Projects
Authors: Shinoda Sumio
Published: August 2018

The Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) is a Japanese government program that promotes international joint research. The program is structured as a collaboration between the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The program includes various fields, such as Environment and Energy, Bioresources, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, and Infectious Disease Control, and a total 52 projects were currently in progress as of May, 2018.

It is expected that the promotion of international joint research under this program will enable Japanese research institutions to conduct research more effectively in fields and having targets that make it advantageous to do that research in developing countries, including countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia, and Africa.

Recently, SATREPS projects in the field of Infectious Disease have been but under the control of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). Although adult maladies, such as malignant tumors, heart disease, and cerebral apoplexy, are major causes of death in the developed countries including Japan, infectious diseases are still responsible for the high mortality rates in developing countries. Therefore, Infectious Disease Control is the important field of SATREPS.

Infectious Disease Control projects are progressing in several countries, including Kenya, Zambia, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Brazil, and various infectious diseases and pathogens have been targeted.

In this special issue on Infectious Disease Control, the following reports from three projects have been selected: “The JICA-AMED SATREPS Project to Control Outbreaks of Yellow Fever and Rift Valley Fever in Kenya” by Nagasaki University, “Comprehensive Etiological and Epidemiological Study on Acute Respiratory Infections in Children in the Philippines” by Tohoku University, and “International Joint Research on Antifungal Resistant Fungi in Brazil” by Chiba University. These projects include viral, bacterial, and fungal infections.

If they become available, further supplementary reports from other projects in this field will be published in a future issue.
High Resolution Numerical Model for Salinity Transport in Rivers During a Tsunami Attack
Authors: Nagashima Hiroshi , Yoneyama Nozomu ,   NEWJEC Inc. 2-3-20 Honjo-higashi, Kita-ku, Osaka 531-0074, Japan,   Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Published: August 2018

In the event of a tsunami, saltwater flows into rivers and water purification plants must stop taking water from rivers to prevent entry of saline water into the plant owing to potential damage to machinery and contamination of the system. This leads to interruption of water supply during disaster. In this study, a salinity transport simulation model that can carry out a three-dimensional salinity behavior analysis in a specific area and a horizontal two-dimensional tsunami propagation analysis simultaneously was developed to predict saltwater behavior in rivers during a tsunami. These models are structured so that the influence of the boundary of the 3D domain can be excluded without significantly increasing the calculation load. The model was used to simulate saltwater behavior in the Yodo River in Japan during a tsunami. The spatial distribution and temporal change of saltwater under various river flows were quantitatively predicted, and the effectiveness of possible countermeasures in diminishing the duration of water-intake shutdown and the presence of brackish water in upstream areas was assessed.
The Earthquake in Ōsaka-Fu Hokubu on 18 June 2018 and its Ensuing Disaster
Authors: Hirata Naoshi , Kimura Reo ,   Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan,   National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED), Ibaraki, Japan,   School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
Published: August 2018

An M6.1 earthquake occurred in the northern part of Ōsaka-fu (Osaka Prefecture) on June 18, 2018, with many areas in the Kinki region experiencing intense shaking. In Ōsaka City and Takatsuki City seismic intensity 6 lower was observed, resulting in 4 deaths, 15 people sustaining serious injuries, 419 people sustaining minor injuries, 10 completely destroyed residence, 181 partially destroyed residences, and 32,989 residences partially damaged (as of July 17, 2018). There were 339 cases of people being trapped in elevators. At most, approximately 1700 people were evacuated. While there were no derailment incidents on the Shinkansen or local train lines, service was suspended on most railways. Following this earthquake, Ōsaka-fu took the decision to apply The Disaster Relief Act. Response was then enacted by the government local public bodies, and the private sector.
Monitoring, Predicting and Quantifying Soil Alkalinity, Sodicity and Salinity in Blue Nile State, Sudan, Using Soil Techniques, Remote Sensing and GIS Analysis; Case Study: Blue Nile River
Authors: A.M.H. Elhag , Y.S.A. Gumaa , E.H. Osman
Published: August 2018

This study focused on the assessment of land degradation on a transect of 20 km along the Blue Nile River (10 km at each side of the river) within the Blue Nile state, Blue Nile State, Sudan. Through mapping and monitoring the changes that occurred in the soil properties, due to Water Erosion, Vegetations degradation, mismanagement in addition to the Human activities and Climatic change The study attempted also to update some information in the study area such as chemical properties using different methods of data transformation and analysis such as: Soil analysis technique, GIS and remote sensing analysis. The research was based on the data and information deduced and extracted from soil survey data, soil analysis, and remote sensed data, in addition to fieldwork verification and other sources. The study covered an area about 346483.43 ha. Soil analysis and data compilation from other sources showed that the soil of the study area witnessed remarkable changes during the study Period (1990 – 2015). The degradations affected the Soil and Vegetations covers of the study area in both side around the Blue Nile River. The analysis indicated that soil degradation was taken place in the study area specially the top west and south east parts of the area which was affected by some buckets of salinity, northern part shown moderate level of acidity while the Part from the south East and South west area shown moderate level of Alkalinity. Assessment and evaluation of the soil of the study area in respect to soil texture revealed that 15% of the total area received some Sand deposits in the study area which it considered the beginning or indicator of soil degradation in the south west and northern part of the study area, while the SAR analysis indicated that all the soils of the study area fell within none sodic class. According to framework of the land suitability (FAO, 1976) revealed that the soil of the study area is moderately suitable (S2) for agriculture.
Exploring Sociocultural Structures that Generate Learner-Deviance within Murambinda Growth Point in Buhera, Zimbabwe
Authors: Chikunda Plaxcedes
Published: August 2018

Learner deviance is reportedly high in areas transforming from a rural to semi-urban setup. In Murambinda growth deviant activities were reportedly on the rise with learners involved in prostitution, drug and alcohol abuse, truancy, teenage pregnancy, hate speech, pornography viewing, careless talk and many more appear to be on the rise. The Functionalist perspective was used to explore learner deviance and Robert K. Merton’s structural strain theory provided analytical tools to explore sociocultural structures that generate such learner deviance within Murambinda growth point. A case study approach was employed focusing on two secondary schools in the growth point.  Data was gathered using interviews and observations to a sample of 20 teachers, 40 learners and ten parents. The major findings were that despite positive factors brought about by the establishment of the growth point, deviant activities that impede learning are on the rise. The imbalance, between cultural goals and structurally available means lead some learners into deviant behavior. The researcher recommended that similar studies should be carried out among schools in growth points in order to improve behavior and pass rate of secondary school learners in growth points. Policies should also look into remedying the situation.
A Prospective, Randomized Trial of Mobilization Protocols Following Ligament Reconstruction and Tendon Interposition
Authors: Hutchinson Douglas T. , Sueoka Stephanie , Wang Angela A. , Tyser Andrew R. , Papi-Baker Kathleen , Kazmers Nikolas H.
Published: August 2018

Background:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that an increased duration of immobilization following trapeziectomy with ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (LRTI) leads to improved patient-reported outcomes compared with an early mobilization protocol.

Methods:

At 2 institutions, we prospectively randomized 223 patients (238 thumbs) undergoing LRTI to receive 1 of 2 postoperative rehabilitation protocols. The immobilization protocol consisted of use of a postoperative forearm-based thumb-spica splint for 7 days followed by a forearm-based thumb-spica cast for 5 weeks and then by a custom forearm-based thermoplastic thumb-spica splint for an additional 6 weeks. An active range of motion (ROM) was started 6 weeks postoperatively. The early mobilization protocol consisted of the same postoperative splint for 7 days followed by use of a forearm-based thermoplastic thumb-spica splint for 3 weeks and then by a hand-based thumb-spica splint for 4 weeks. An active ROM was started 4 weeks postoperatively. The outcome measures included the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire; pinch and grip strength; 9-hole peg test (NHP); visual analog scale (VAS) for pain; VAS for patient satisfaction; and wrist and thumb ROM. These were measured preoperatively and at 6, 12, 26, 52, and 104 weeks postoperatively. Differences in continuous and categorical variables were assessed with use of Tukey multiple comparisons following 1-way analysis of variance and Fisher exact tests, respectively.

Results:

A minimum follow-up of 1 year (mean, 1.7 years) was achieved for 71% (169) of the 238 randomized thumbs (157 of the 223 patients): 74 patients (80 thumbs) treated with the immobilization protocol and 83 patients (89 thumbs) treated with the early mobilization protocol. DASH scores, VAS pain scores, VAS patient satisfaction scores, and strength all improved similarly with no significant differences between groups at any time point. Wrist and thumb ROM and NHP outcomes were significantly worse for the immobilization group at 6 weeks postoperatively, with no differences observed between groups at 12 weeks and beyond.

Conclusions:

A conservative immobilization protocol does not improve functional outcomes, satisfaction, strength, or ROM following LRTI compared with an early mobilization protocol.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
RESPONSIVENESS OF SOCIAL VALUES AND REAL GROSS DOMESTIC BRUTO ON MONEY DEMAND IN INDONESIA
Authors: Cahyono Eko Fajar
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect, estimates shocks and determine the contribution of , social values, real GDP  currency, demand deposits wadi'ah, Mudaraba savings, deposits mudaraba and Islamic Bank  Returns to money demand  in Indonesia. Real GDP and social values theoretically able to increase money demand using each mechanism. Money demand represented by M2 with a composition comprising of fiat money, wadiah demand deposits, mudaraba savings and mudaraba investment deposits completed Islamic Bank return as balancing cost in Money demand. The research method used in this research is comparative quantitative. This research utilizes 8 (eight) variable which then unit root test, determining Lag Optimal, Cointegrate-Test, VECM Estimates, Impulse Response Function and Variance Decomposition are carried out. The results of VECM estimation showed that real GDP, fiat money, wadiah demand deposits, sharia return, mudaraba savings and mudaraba investment deposits are significantly influencing the amount of Money demand in long term. In short term, social values significantly influencing the amount of money demand in Indonesia. The results of Impulse response showed that real GDP positively responded by the M2. Then, social values positively responded, fiat money positively responded, wadiah deposits positively responded, mudaraba savings negatively responded, mudaraba deposits positively responded and sharia return positively responded by the M2IS. Variance decomposition results showed that social values has the biggest contribution, then followed by demand deposits wadi'ah, mudaraba deposits, mudaraba savings, currency, real GDP and return sharia smallest.
SOLUTION TO OVERCOME THE BANKRUPTCY POTENTIAL OF ISLAMIC RURAL BANK IN INDONESIA
Authors: Devi Abrista , Firmansyah Irman
Published: August 2018

This paper investigates the direct and indirect effect of macro and microeconomics variables toward financial distress by using efficiency variable as mediator. This research used time series and monthly-published report data of Islamic Banking Statistics and Macroeconomics data. The Springate Model is used to measure financial distress through s-score, while the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach is used to measure Islamic rural bank’s efficiency. The finding implies that the efficiency of Islamic rural bank in Indonesia is mainly caused by microeconomics variables where CAR and NPF directly have significant and negative effect on efficiency, while ROA and FDR directly have significant and positive effect on efficiency. The financial distress of Islamic rural bank in Indonesia is mainly caused by micro and macroeconomics variables where CAR and SIZE directly have significant and positive effect on financial distress score, while NPF and Exchange rate directly have significant and negative effect on efficiency. Efficiency is strongly having a role in mediating the effect of microeconomics variables toward financial distress score of Islamic rural bank
CONSTRUCTING ISLAMIC BANKING RESILIENCE INDEX IN INDONESIA
Authors: Wiranatakusuma Dimas Bagus
Published: August 2018

Islamic banking plays critical roles in providing many essential economic functions and services to the entire financial system and the overall economy. Thus, a strong and the resilience of Islamic banking is the foundation and pre-condition for achieving sustainable economic growth, given that banks are at the centre of the credit intermediation process between savers and investors. One of the main causes of past financial crisis was that the banking sector had built up excessive both on-and-off balance sheet levereage. To address such financial crisis, the resilience of Islamic banking needs to be developed. Therefore, this paper searches the level of resilience of Islamic banking by building the Islamic Banking Resilience Index (IBRI). The level of resilience is analyzed through the construction of the composite index. The composite is compiled on the basis of several single variables index. Its construction follows an ideal sequence of five steps: theoretical framework, data selection, normalization, weighting and aggregation, and visualization of the result. Twelve variables are used to construct the composite index by using monthly data since January 2010 until December 2016. The composite index is able to figure out the resilience level of Islamic banking in Indonesia over periods of observation. At the resilience level, Islamic banking is able to deal with shocks and stresses, while keep providing financial services. The level of resilience is capable of preserving the elements of banking sector not failing from both crash and stagnation phase. Therefore, construction of IBRI is important as surveillance tools and underlying reason for further policy response and implementation. The composite index, represented by IBRI, is able to show the level of resilience of Islamic banking in Indonesia. The paper finally suggests that the resilience of Islamic banking requires a solid capital and liquidity management in order to provide a stronger ability in absorbing shocks and promoting financial services.
MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA: AN APPLICATION OF MASLAHAH-EFFICIENCY QUADRANT (MEQ)
Authors: Rusydiana Aam , Sanrego Yulizar Djamaluddin
Published: August 2018

Despite of market condition under perfect or unperfect competition, Islamic banking has to reach their level of efficiency in order to succeed and make a profit; those who do not will fail and be forced to exit the market. However apart of having a sound performance, Islamic banking also has to comply with the sharia principles. This paper aims to have efficiency and maslahah measurement in one assessment framework that is maslahah-efficiency quadrant (MEQ). The study from 2011-2014 revealed that Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) and Sharia Panin Bank are excellent since both are within the first quadrant. Whereas Bank Sharia Mandiri (BSM), Sharia Maybank, and Sharia Bukopin Bank are considered good at the second quadrant; Bank Rakyak Indonesia Sharia (BRI) and BCA Sharia are fair at the third; and Bank Mega Sharia, Victoria Sharia, Bank Negara Indonesia Sharia (BNI), and Bank Jabar Banten Sharia (BJB) are poor at the fourth sequentially. It is urge for Islamic bank that are in low level of MSI to have a critical policy to keep in line with the five factor of maqashid sharia apart of having efficiency in order to reach maslahah.
AN INTEGRATION OF WAQF AND VENTURA CAPITAL: A PROPOSED MODEL FOR INDONESIA
Authors: Tanjung Hendri
Published: August 2018

This study aims to find the appropriate model for the modus operandi of a financial institution called Waqf-Ventura Capital Syariah (WVCS). WVCS is integration between social finance (waqf) and commercial finance (Ventura capital). This WVCS has been adopted in Indonesia but the right form of operation is still yet to be found. In addition, this study also looks for appropriate contracts able to be practiced within the WVCS itself. WVCS is conceptualized based on the content analysis of cash waqf operations, profit and loss sharing modes and venture capital strategies.  It has been found that there are at least 3 alternative models of operation for this WVCS. Firstly, the waqf fund is pooled into the capital; secondly, the waqf fund is pooled into a third-party fund; and thirdly, the waqf fund is pooled into both the capital and third party-fund.  These unique operandi of WVCS could be adopted, as long as there are mudharabah dan musharakah contracts for development of the Indonesian Economy.
MEASURING NATIONAL ZAKAT INDEX (NZI) ON ZAKAT PERFORMANCE IN BOGOR REGENCY
Authors: Hilmiyah Ulfah Laelatul , Beik Irfan Syauqi , Tsabita Khonsa
Published: August 2018

Poverty is the most crucial problem in many countries including Indonesia. As a predominantly Muslim countries, there are several Islamic instruments to combat poverty, such as zakat. It is an act of worship that combines economic, social, moral and religious components to improve the welfare of Muslims, as well as reducing poverty. Bogor Regency, a region in Indonesia, targeted 10 billion rupiah as its zakat collection for 2016. However, the actual zakat collection was only 5 billion rupiahs, which signals the ineffectiveness of zakat management from either collection, distribution, or utilization. The purpose of this research is to analyse zakat performance in BAZNAS (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional; National Board of Zakat) in Bogor Regency. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires completed by 100 mustahik household in Bogor Regency. The National Zakat Index was used with a calculation method called the Multi-Stage Weighted Index. The findings indicate that the implementation of zakat performance in BAZNAS Bogor Regency is fairly good.
Expectativas hacia el consumo de alcohol y conducta de consumo en adolescentes de nivel medio
Authors: Ahumada-Cortez Jesica Guadalupe , Villar-Luis Margarita Antonia , Alonso-Castillo María Magdalena , Armendáriz-García Nora Angélica , Gámez-Medina Mario Enrique
Published: August 2018

Objetivo: Determinar la relación que existe entre las expectativas hacia el consumo de alcohol y la conducta de consumo en los adolescentes de nivel medioMétodos: Estudio de diseño descriptivo correlacional con corte transversal, llevado a cabo con 604 adolescentes de 12 secundarias públicas de un municipio de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México, los datos se recolectaron a través de 2 cuestionarios auto-aplicables (El Cuestionario de Expectativas Hacia el Alcohol (AEQ), diseñado por Brown et al. 1980 y el Test de Identificación de Desórdenes por Uso de Alcohol [AUDIT], desarrollado por la OMS y adaptado en México por De la Fuente y Kershenobich (1992).Los Resultados: Muestran que el 83.3% de los adolescentes tuvo su primer contacto experimental de alcohol entre los 10 y 15 años, de la misma forma en las variables de estudio se encontró que las escalas de sociabilidad y relajación son las que más se relacionaron con el consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes.Conclusión: Estos datos sugieren la necesidad de intervenir tempranamente en población adolescente, dándoles a conocer principalmente las implicaciones negativas que este consumo trae a su salud, disminuyendo con ello las expectativas positivas que tienen sobre el consumo de esta sustancia.
Depresión y su relación con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, el estrés académico y la ideación suicida en estudiantes universitarios colombianos
Authors: Restrepo Jorge Emiro , Amador Sánchez Omar , Calderon Vallejo Gustavo , Castañeda Quirama Tatiana , Osorio Sánchez Yeny , Diez Cardona Paula
Published: August 2018

Varias investigaciones en Colombia han reportado que las dos sustancias psicoactivas de mayor consumo en jóvenes de 10 a 24 años, son el alcohol (legal) y la marihuana (ilegal). Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las relaciones entre el consumo de estas dos sustancias y la depresión, el estrés académico y la ideación suicida en una muestra de 477 estudiantes universitarios colombianos de 18 a 25 años sin diagnóstico psicopatológico. El tipo de investigación fue cuantitativa, transversal, con un diseño no experimental de nivel correlacional. De todas las variables analizadas solo la ideación suicida presentó valores por encima de la media. Las demás variables tuvieron valores dentro de lo normal o por debajo de la media. La ideación suicida solo correlacionó con el estrés académico. No hubo correlaciones entre la ideación suicida y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas o entre la ideación suicida y la depresión. Sí se encontró una correlación entre el estrés académico y la depresión, y entre la depresión y el consumo de sustancias. Se sugiere, aunque no sea posible probarlo por el diseño ni por el tipo de análisis, que la depresión actúa como una variable moderadora del efecto del estrés académico sobre la ideación suicida.
Relación entre estrés de conciencia y riesgo de consumo de alcohol en personal de enfermería
Authors: Alonso Castillo María Teresa de Jesús , Alonso Castillo María Magdalena , Oliva Rodríguez Nora Nelly , Zorrilla Martínez Laura Berenice , Delgadillo Legaspi Luz María
Published: August 2018

El estrés de conciencia en profesiones sanitarias es mayor que en otras profesiones, por tal motivo el presente estudio identificó la relación que existe entre el estrés de conciencia y el consumo de alcohol en el personal de enfermería de un hospital público de Zacatecas, Zac. El diseño fue descriptivo correlacional, la muestra fue de 201 enfermeros (as) que completaron 2 cuestionarios: Una escala de Estrés de conciencia y el AUDIT. Los resultados mostraron una correlación positiva significativa entre el estrés de conciencia total y el consumo dependiente de alcohol (rs=.198, p<.005) lo que indica que a mayor estrés de conciencia total mayor consumo dependiente de alcohol.
Estilos de vida de los usuarios de las salas de consumo higiénico de Barcelona
Authors: Clua García Rafael
Published: August 2018

En la actualidad, no se conocen investigaciones sobre los estilos de vida de los usuarios de las salas de consumo higiénico (SCH) de Barcelona. Dicho aspecto es fundamental para profundizar en los factores socioculturales que determinan los comportamientos de los consumidores de drogas que acuden a estos dispositivos y aumentar el conocimiento del uso que hacen de los programas de reducción de daños y los tratamientos para las drogodependencias. Con el fin de investigar esta cuestión, se realizó un estudio cualitativo combinando la observación participante en cinco SCH y  entrevistas semiestructuradas a 16 usuarios de drogas. Al comparar las características de los usuarios y analizar las formas de consumo y las medidas de prevención que utilizan, se identificaron cuatro estilos de vida: “rutero”, “parroquiano”, “pasajero” y “fiestero”. Estos hallazgos amplían nuestra comprensión de las necesidades sociales y sanitarias, así como nuestro conocimiento de las motivaciones de los consumidores de drogas. Estos aspectos son cruciales para el diseño de políticas y programas de reducción de daños más eficaces.
Manifestación de homofobia internalizada en adolescentes y jóvenes al norte de México
Authors: Valdez-Montero Carolina , Martínez-Velasco Citlali Guadalupe , Ahumada-Cortez Jesica Guadalupe , Caudillo-Ortega Lucia , Gámez-Medina Mario Enrique
Published: August 2018

La homofobia internalizada se ha relacionado con problemas de salud mental tales como estrés, ansiedad, depresión e ideaciones suicidas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el sexo, la edad y la homofobia internalizada en adolescentes y jóvenes. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal en 246 adolescentes y jóvenes de dos instituciones públicas y se utilizó la Escala de Homonegatividad Internalizada (HNI-16). Los resultados indican que los hombres presentan mayor nivel de homofobia internalizada en comparación a las mujeres (U= 5,077.00, p<.001) y la edad se relaciona negativamente con la homofobia internalizada (r= -.22, p< .001). El modelo fue significativo al demostrar que el 11.2% de la variación en la homofobia internalizada se debió al sexo y la edad (F[2, 243]= 15.40, p< .001).
Factores de logro en procesos de resocialización del habitante en situación de calle y consumidor de sustancias psicoactivas en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Calderón Vallejo Gustavo Adolfo , Gómez Vargas Maricelly , Zapata Colorado Johan Esteban , Dávila Cañas Lucas
Published: August 2018

Introducción: La habitabilidad en calle y su relación con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas puede abordarse desde los factores de logro para la resocialización, considerados como condiciones individuales, familiares y sociales que favorecen la adaptación del individuo al contexto al que retorna. Metodología: Se entrevistaron a 15 personas resocializadas, los datos se sistematizaron en el software Atlas Ti. 6.0 para su análisis desde un enfoque hermenéutico. Resultados y discusión: Se destaca a nivel individual un ajuste en la personalidad de los resocializados para las relaciones adaptativas, percepciones constructivas de sí mismo y los otros, una motivación y autoeficacia asociadas a la reconstrucción de las redes de apoyo fundadas en las relaciones positivas con miembros de la familia consanguínea, amigos o pareja, además de la importancia de la educación, el trabajo, el acceso a la salud, la cultura y la reducción significativa del consumo de drogas para mantenerse alejados de la calle.
Imagen corporal, búsqueda de sensaciones sexuales y prácticas sexuales más seguras en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres de Nuevo León, México
Authors: Jiménez-Vázquez Vicente , Onofre-Rodríguez Dora Julia , Benavides-Torres Raquel Alicia
Published: August 2018

Los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) representan un grupo clave de mayor afectación en la transmisión del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, la principal forma de prevención es mediante la conducta sexual segura, sin embargo existen factores que pueden incidir negativamente como puede ser la imagen corporal y la búsqueda de sensaciones sexuales. Objetivo. Determinar la influencia de la imagen corporal y la búsqueda de sensaciones sexuales en la conducta sexual segura en HSH. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio transversal-correlacional, con una muestra de 257 HSH de una ciudad en el noreste de México. Se usó el Muestreo Dirigido por Entrevistados. Para las mediciones se utilizaron tres escalas y un cuestionario ad hoc. Resultados. El modelo de regresión lineal univariado muestra que la búsqueda de sensaciones sexuales influye negativamente en la conducta sexual segura, no siendo así la imagen corporal. Conclusión. Estudios similares podrían concretar la consideración de la búsqueda de sensaciones sexuales en programas para fomentar sexo seguro en esta población.
Personal income tax management in Ukraine on the game theory basis
Authors: Tymchenko Olena , Sybirianska Yuliia , Polishchuk Yevheniia , Rudyk Nataliia , Korotun Volodymyr
Published: August 2018

One of the main problems of the fiscal decentralization in Ukraine is the substantiation of the optimal proportion of the personal income tax distribution among the state and different types of local budgets in order to insure the sufficient financial resources for the territorial communities. Since period of the Budget Code adoption, the percentage of the personal income tax paid from salaries to the different levels of budgets has changed three times. However, the methodic of such distribution is not clear. The authors suggest approach of analyzing the logic of the personal income tax distribution on the game theory basis. They consider different ways of making decisions and prove that in all of the analyzed cases the winner was the central government of Ukraine. Such behavior of the central government in making decisions does not meet the goals of the fiscal decentralization reform. The main reason of such situation is that the decisions are made by the state government, but not by the local communities or their representatives. Besides, it is difficult to distribute the expenditures among different types of budgets according to the Governments’ competences. The authors suggest some recommendation of the personal income tax distribution in order to ensure benefits for all participants of the game: communities, local governments and central government. But they conclude that the active influence of people on the behavior of the local governments is the basic premise for the scientific research of the PIT optimal distribution.
Improving Cognition through Dance in Older Filipinos with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Dominguez Jacqueline C. , del Moral Maria Clarissa O. , Chio Jeshya Obeso A. , de Guzman Ma. Fe P. , Natividad Boots P. , Decena Jay-Pee M. , Montalvo Maryanne Jenelle Y. , Reandelar Macario , Phung Kieu T.T.
Published: August 2018

Background:

People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are considered a high-risk population
for developing dementia and therefore potential targets for preventive interventions. So far, no
pharmacological interventions have proven to be effective. Latest evidence has laid the groundwork for
the hypothesis that dancing can have beneficial effect on cognition by improving neuroplasticity.

Objective:

This study aimed to examine whether a structured modular ballroom dance intervention (INDAK)
could improve cognition among Filipino older persons with MCI.

Methods:

A two-armed, single-blinded, quasi-experimental study was conducted in a community-based
population at Marikina City, Philippines. Two hundred and seven participants older than 60 years old
with MCI participated through self-assigned allocation to dance (N=101) and control (N=106) groups.
The intervention group received INDAK consisting eight types of ballroom dances with increasing
complexity lasting one hour, twice a week for 48 weeks. Neurologists and psychologists blinded to the
group allocation administered baseline and post intervention assessments using Alzheimer’s Disease
Assessment Scale – Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), Filipino version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
(MoCA-P), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Instrumental Activities of
Daily Living (IADL) and Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD).

Results:

Baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics did not differ between groups. The
mean differences between baseline and 48-week assessments were compared between dancers and controls,
showing that the intervention group improved in ADAS-Cog, MoCA-P, BNT and GDS.

Conclusion:

INDAK is potentially a novel, ecological and inexpensive non-pharmacological intervention
that can improve cognition among older Filipinos with MCI.
Evaluation of Anti-cancer Activity of Stilbene and Methoxydibenzo[b,f] oxepin Derivatives
Authors: Garbicz Damian , Mielecki Damian , Wrzesinski Michal , Pilzys Tomasz , Marcinkowski Michal , Piwowarski Jan , Debski Janusz , Palak Ewelina , Szczecinski Przemyslaw , Krawczyk Hanna , Grzesiuk Elzbieta
Published: August 2018

Background:

Stilbenes, 1,2-diphenylethen derivatives, including resveratrol and combretastatins,
show anticancer features especially against tumor angiogenesis. Fosbretabulin, CA-4, in
combination with carboplatin, is in the last stages of clinical tests as an inhibitor of thyroid cancer.
The mode of action of these compounds involves suppression of angiogenesis through interfering
with tubulin (de)polymerization.

Objective:

We have previously synthesized five E-2-hydroxystilbenes and seven dibenzo
[b,f]oxepins in Z configuration, with methyl or nitro groups at varied positions. The aim of the present
work was to evaluate the anticancer activity and molecular mechanism(s) of action of these
compounds.

Results:

Two healthy, EUFA30 and HEK293, and two cancerous, HeLa and U87, cell lines were
treated with four newly synthetized stilbenes and seven oxepins. Two of these compounds, JJR5 and
JJR6, showed the strongest cytotoxic effect against cancerous cells tested and these two were selected
for further investigations. They induced apoptosis with sub-G1 or S cell cycle arrest and
PARP cleavage, with no visible activation of caspases 3 and 7. Proteomic differential analysis of
stilbene-treated cells led to the identification of proteins involved almost exclusively in cell cycle
management, apoptosis, DNA repair and stress response, e.g. oxidative stress.

Conclusion:

Among the newly synthesized stilbene derivatives, we selected two as potent anticancer
compounds triggering late apoptosis/necrosis in cancerous cells through sub-G1 phase cell cycle
arrest. They changed cyclin expression, induced DNA repair mechanisms, enzymes involved in
apoptosis and oxidative stress response. Compounds JJR5 and JJR6 can be a base for structure
modification(s) to obtain even more active derivatives.
Degradation of Androgen Receptor through Small Molecules for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ge Raoling , Xu Xi , Xu Pengfei , Li Lei , Li Zhiyu , Bian Jinlei
Published: August 2018

Prostate cancer is the most common carcinoma among aged males in western countries and more aggressive and lethal castration resistant prostate cancer often occurs after androgen deprivation therapy. The high expression of androgens and androgen receptor is closely related to prostate cancer. Efficient androgen receptor antagonists, such as enzalutamide and ARN-509, could be employed as potent anti-prostate cancer agents.
Nevertheless, recent studies have revealed that F876L mutation in androgen receptor converts the action of enzalutamide and ARN-509 from an antagonist to agonist, so that novel strategies are urgent to address this resistance mechanism. In this review, we focus on the discussion about some novel strategies, which targets androgen receptor mainly through the degrading pathway as potential treatments for prostate cancer.
LC-MS for Simultaneous Determination of Vancomycin and Teicoplanin in Patient Plasma and its Application to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Yuan Guiyan , Liu Danni , Bu Fanlong , Wang Yanyan , Wang Benjie , Guo Ruichen
Published: August 2018

Background:

Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for patients taking vancomycin
and teicoplanin to ensure pharmaceutical efficacy and prevent toxicity. Only few studies were reported
regarding the simultaneous determination of vancomycin and teicoplanin in human plasma.

Objective:

The study aimed at developing and validating a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
(LC-MS) method for simultaneous determination and therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin and
teicoplanin in patients with severe infection.

Method:

Plasma was processed by protein precipitation extraction. The analytes were separated on a
C18 column by gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase and measured by
electrospray ionization source in positive selective ion monitoring mode at m/z 724.7 (vancomycin),
940.7 (teicoplanin) and 329.0 (bergenin). The plasma samples (104) were obtained from patients who
were taking vancomycin or teicoplanin for further analysis.

Results:

The calibration curves were linear within the range of 0.25–40 µg/mL for vancomycin, and
0.5-40 µg/mL for teicoplanin. Either inter- or intra-day precision was less than 10.01 %. The extraction
recoveries ranged from 89.99 to 94.29% for vancomycin and from 39.83 to 40.16 % for teicoplanin.
Vancomycin and teicoplanin in plasma were stable at various storage conditions. The measured mean
trough concentrations were 12.313 µg/mL for vancomycin and 8.765 µg/mL for teicoplanin.

Conclusion:

This method was successfully applied to therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin and
teicoplanin in patients. It is with great clinic value for monitoring and predicting the individual response
of patients under treatment.
Aesthetic Rehabilitation in Teeth with Wear from Bruxism and Acid Erosion
Authors: Godoy de Oliveira Pamella Tomazi , Somacal Deise Caren , Júnior Luiz Henrique Burnett , Spohr Ana Maria
Published: August 2018

Background:

Bruxism is defined as a repetitive activity of grinding the teeth through lateral or protrusive movements of the mandible, and it is considered the most complex and destructive functional disorder. In addition, erosion caused by diet or reflux can damage the remaining teeth.

Objective:

In this report, a patient with bruxism and dental erosion was treated with a multidisciplinary approach to restore the function and aesthetic.

Methods:

This clinical report describes the management of an adult woman, 33 years old, who was dissatisfied with the aesthetics of her smile and complained of joint pain and headaches. As result of her condition, the patient’s dentition exhibited generalized wear on the vestibular and incisal surface of the upper incisors incompatible with her age, moderate darkening of the teeth and excess gingival tissue in the upper incisors. After a detailed anamnesis and clinical examination, a diagnosis of bruxism and acid erosion caused by a diet rich in citrus foods and beverages was obtained. Forthwith, a treatment plan was established, and the patient underwent home bleaching, gingivoplasty and ceramic laminates of lithium disilicate on the anterior teeth. After the rehabilitation was completed, a night guard was made to reduce the symptoms of bruxism and avoid fracture of the ceramic restorations. The patient was followed at different time intervals.

Conclusion:

The improvement in the aesthetics of the teeth was significant and remained stable after periodic controls in which no adverse effects were observed.
Analysis and Validation of a New Access System to the Airport Salerno-Costa D'Amalfi
Authors: Pagliara Francesca , Riccio Giuseppina , Troisi Claudio
Published: August 2018

Airport accessibility is an important criterion for airport choice and therefore also for an airport competition. When users choose an itinerary, they think about the transport chain from an origin to a destination. Therefore, the variables having an impact on their decision for a given alternative go beyond the price and quality of air services from one airport to another. The decision for or against a given air service and a given airport is to a certain extent dependent on the accessibility of the airport.

The objective of this manuscript is to propose an analysis and a validation of a new access system to the airport Salerno-Costa d’Amalfi in Campania region, in the south of Italy, due to its growing development. Three different scenarios are proposed and simulated. Performance indicators are provided in order to quantify the effects of the alternative interventions aiming at improving the accessibility of the airport itself. Policy-makers may be interested in a more accessible airport since these interventions may have impacts on the regional socioeconomic development.
An Efficient Distributed Single-hop Relay Supporting (EDSRS) MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kakria Arvind , Aseri Trilok Chand
Published: August 2018

Background & Objective:

Wireless communication has immensely grown during the past
few decades due to significant demand for mobile access. Although cost-effective as compared to their
wired counterpart, maintaining good quality-of-service (QoS) in these networks has always remained
a challenge. Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which consists of multiple transmitter
and receiver antennas, have been widely acknowledged for their QoS and transmit diversity. Though
suited for cellular base stations, MIMO systems are not suited for small-sized wireless nodes due to
their hardware complexity, cost, and increased power requirements. Cooperative communication that
allows relays, i.e. mobile or fixed nodes in a communication network, to share their resources and
forward other node’s data to the destination node has substituted the MIMO systems nowadays. To
harness the full benefit of cooperative communication, appropriate relay node selection is very important.
This paper presents an efficient single-hop distributed relay supporting medium access control
(MAC) protocol (EDSRS) that works in the single-hop environment and improves the energy efficiency
and the life of relay nodes without compensating the throughput of the network.
Methods: The protocol has been simulated using NS2 simulator. The proposed protocol is compared
with energy efficient cooperative MAC protocol (EECOMAC) and legacy distributed coordination
function (DCF) on the basis of throughput, energy efficiency, transmission delay and an end to end delay
with various payload sizes.

Result and Conclusion:

The result of the comparison indicates that the proposed protocol (EDSRS)
outperforms the other two protocols.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an App-Based Nurse-Moderated Program for New Mothers With Depression and Parenting Problems (eMums Plus): Protocol for a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sawyer Alyssa CP , Kaim Amy L , Reece Christy E , McDonald Denise , Le Huynh-Nhu , Clark Jennifer , Lynch John W , Sawyer Michael G
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND

Postnatal depression adversely affects many mothers and infants with good evidence that caregiving difficulties associated with depressive symptoms play a key role in later adverse childhood outcomes. In many countries, there is only limited support available for women who experience symptoms of depression during the postnatal period, particularly those experiencing subthreshold symptom levels. Furthermore, mental health services and community family health services in many countries tend to focus primarily on providing help for depressive symptoms or maternal caregiving, respectively, despite these problems commonly being comorbid. Group-based nurse-led interventions delivered over the Web through mobile phone “apps” have the potential to be a cost-effective method of providing a large number of mothers with easy access to integrated support for both maternal depressive symptoms and caregiving difficulties.

OBJECTIVE

This paper describes the protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of a 4-month group-based nurse-led intervention delivered over the Web when infants were 2-6 months. The primary aims of the trial are to determine whether the intervention (1) reduces levels of maternal depressive symptoms and (2) improves the quality of maternal caregiving when infants are 8-12 months of age.

METHODS

The trial aimed to recruit and randomize 160 mothers of infants aged 2-8 weeks to either the intervention (eMums plus) or standard care. Assessments were completed when infants were aged 1-2 (preintervention), 8, and 12 months. The primary outcomes were the level of maternal depressive symptoms and the quality of maternal caregiving assessed when infants were aged 12 months. The intervention provided specific support for problems with mood and problems with caregiving. The intervention was delivered by community health nurses as a part of routine service delivery to mothers via a mobile phone app.

RESULTS

Participant recruitment was carried out from March to July 2017. Follow-up data collection was completed in mid-2018. Data analysis has commenced.

CONCLUSIONS

In the past, many mothers participated in nurse-led face-to-face groups postnatally. However, mothers’ groups held in clinics can be difficult for busy mothers to attend. The eMums intervention was delivered over the Web by nurses, allowing easy access by mothers early in an infant’s life. The intervention was evaluated while delivered as part of the routine service practice by community child health nurses. The advantage of evaluating the effectiveness of the intervention in the routine service practice is that if it is found to be effective, it can be more easily adopted by the service provider than if it had been assessed in an efficacy trial.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR

RR1-10.2196/11549
Water Quality and The Heavy Metal Occurence of Fish in Polluted Watershed
Authors: Ujianti Rizky Muliani Dwi , Anggoro Sutrisno , Bambang Azis Nur , Purwanti Frida
Published: August 2018

The clean river is very important for human life and river’s biota. However, many rivers are polluted from both domestic and industrial waste today. Domestic waste comes from households and industrial wastes from nearby industrial activities. One of the biotas of the river is the fish. The objective of the research was to evaluate pollutant and pollutant index in the watershed and the present of Pb in fish in the watershed. The location of this research was a long Garang watershed Semarang, namely from upstream to downstream of the river. The sampling area was divided into 7 segments based on Central Java Governor Regulation No. 156/2010 based on water designation. The studied parameters in this research were heavy metal in fish and water quality. The studied fish was Nila fish (Oreochromis sp.). Results show that Cu was the main pollutant in water river class 1, 2, 3 and 4. DO exceed the limit parameter in water river class 3 and 4. Finally, the highest heavy metals found in fish were found in Pb, while the water pollution index was due to exceeding Cu, all of which came from industrial waste.