bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEKANISME PENAWARAN UMUM DI PASAR MODAL
Authors: Wahyudi Muhammad , Sitorus Utari Isma , Handayani Putri
Published: January 2024

The contribution of the capital market to the economy of a country is very important because investing in the capital market provides functions in the economy and finance, the capital market is said to have an economic function because it provides facilities or vehicles that bring together the interests of those who have the advantage of funds and those who need funds. With the corporate capital market, public companies can obtain funds from the public through sales. Part of the financial function of the capital market is to provide the possibility and opportunity to make a profit.
KEGIATAN YANG DILARANG MENURUT UNDANG UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1999
Authors: Syaputra Fauji , Wahyudi Muhammad
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this writing is to find out the activities that are prohibited in Law Number 5 of 1999. And it can be useful for readers or business people about activities that are prohibited in Law Number 5 of 1999 such as; monopolistic activities, monopsony activities, market share control, price management and collusion. Basically activities that are monopolistic or result in unfair business competition are prohibited in Law Number 5 of 1999. Because these activities can result in profits for one party and harm for one of the other parties.
MODERNISASI DAN SEKULARISASI PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Damanik Muhammad Zein , Yuliani Dini , Ningrum Dwi Ananta Aura , Novita Dea
Published: January 2024

Modernization and secularization are two interrelated concepts in the development of Islamic thought in Indonesia. Modernization refers to efforts to update Islamic teachings and adapt them to current developments, while secularization refers to the separation of religion and state. The movement to modernize Islamic thought in Indonesia began in the 19th century as a response to the challenges of the Western world. At this time, Indonesian Muslims began to realize that they were lagging behind the Western world in terms of science, technology and politics. To compensate for this, Muslims began to develop new ideas that could bring Islam into the modern era. Modernization and secularization are two important concepts in the development of Islamic thought in Indonesia Modernization has made Indonesian Muslims think rationally and adapt to current developments, Meanwhile, secularization has enabled Muslims in Indonesia to separate religion and politics and play a more effective role in nation-building.
ANALISIS DAMPAK JUDI ONLINE SLOT PADA MASYARAKAT KOTA PERDAGANGAN SEBRANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF FIQIH MUAMALAH
Authors: Pane Astrid , Melisa
Published: January 2024

With the development of technology, gambling has now moved to a slightly more elite venue. Technological advancements have changed the way gambling is played. Now gambling doesn't have to hide like it used to. Only by using a computer that has an internet connection can we play these prohibited games. The objectives of this study are: (1) Describe and analyze the online gambling community, (2) family reactions to internet gambling offenders; (3) the impact of online games on the decline of social values in society. The location of this research is Seberang trading city. This research used a phenomenological approach. The findings of this study indicate that online gambling undermines social values in the community of Kota Perdagangan Sebrang. One of them in this case includes a decrease in material values. If the perpetrator loses money through online gambling, they will run out of money. The key value is that if the perpetrator loses in online gambling, the perpetrator's action is to pledge his goods and do various ways to get money to do online gambling. Online gambling winnings also have a religious value that is used by the perpetrators to get drunk.
GERAKAN DAN GAGASAN ISLAM NUSANTARA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Damanik Muhammad Zein , Nugroho Dimas , Nurmawan Rudi Herdi , Mawadda Manda Alief
Published: January 2024

This article examines changes and developments in the concept of Islamic thought in the archipelago, especially in Indonesia. This study examines Islamic thought throughout Indonesian culture and history. This journal examines the role of intellectuals, literature and religious institutions that have shaped Islamic identity in Indonesia from the beginning of the spread of Islam to the present. In addition, this research emphasizes interactions and conversations between Islam and local culture, which reflects the plurality and tolerance that characterize the Islamic paradigm in the archipelago. This journal provides in-depth insight into the unique contribution and complexity of Islamic thought in constructing intellectual identity in Indonesia by investigating the history of Islamic thought in Indonesia. This article will also explain how liberal Islamic ideas developed in Indonesia, the main points of liberal Islamic thought, and also in this article will explain the challenges of Islam in the current era of globalization in the archipelago.
PEMANFAAT TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL BERBASIS ANDROID UNTUK PEMANTAUAN STOK AKHIR DALAM PROSES STOK OPNAME PADA UMKM SYARIAH
Authors: Darma Surya
Published: January 2024

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in the Indonesian economy. However, MSMEs still face various challenges, one of which is the inaccuracy in stock management. This can lead to financial losses and reputational damage for MSMEs. Android-based digital technology can be a solution to this problem. Android-based stock management applications can help MSMEs to manage their stock accurately and efficiently. These applications can be used to record stock data in real-time, create stock reports, and provide warnings if stock levels are approaching depletion. This study aims to analyze the utilization of Android-based digital technology for monitoring the final stock in the stock taking process at Shariah MSMEs. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results of the study show that the utilization of Android-based digital technology can improve the accuracy and efficiency of stock management in Shariah MSMEs.
OPTIMASI PRODUKTIVITAS ORGANISASI MELALUI MANAJEMEN STRATEGIS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Faisal Faisal
Published: January 2024

The digital era has changed the business landscape, giving rise to new challenges in optimizing organizational productivity. Strategic Human Resources Management (HRM) is the key in dealing with this dynamic. This research aims to analyze the implications of HRM on organizational productivity in the digital era and explore practical recommendations to improve it. This research uses a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis. This data includes the results of previous research as well as case studies of companies that have successfully optimized productivity through HRM in the digital era. The results of the analysis show that employee competency development, fair compensation programs, attention to welfare, use of technology, and continuous evaluation are key factors in increasing productivity. The implication of this research is the importance of strong HRM strategy integration in every aspect of the business.
FILOSOFI EKONOMI ISLAM DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM PERBANKAN SYARIAH: PERSPEKTIF MASYARAKAT UMUM
Authors: Yuningsih Nazlah
Published: January 2024

Islamic economics is a system of economics based on the values and principles of Islam. This system aims to achieve the welfare of society in general, both materially and spiritually. Islamic banking is one of the instruments of Islamic economics that plays an important role in achieving this goal. This study aims to examine the philosophy of Islamic economics and its implementation in Islamic banking from the perspective of the general public. This study uses a qualitative method with interviews as a data collection technique. The results of the study show that the general public understands that Islamic banking has a different philosophy than conventional banking. The general public also understands that Islamic banking applies Islamic principles in its operations, such as the principles of justice, equality, and prudence. This study concludes that the philosophy of Islamic economics and its implementation in Islamic banking have the potential to be accepted by the general public. This is because the philosophy and principles of Islam that underlie it are in line with the universal values that are believed by the general public.
PERAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI SEKTOR RIIL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Febrika Leza
Published: January 2024

This exploration expects to look at and examine the job of sharia counts on genuine area monetary development in Indonesia. The job of sharia banking is estimated utilizing outsider assets (DPK) and supporting gave (PYD), while genuine area financial development is estimated by total national output (Gross domestic product). 387 time series data from economic and financial statistics and sharia banking statistics are used in this study. Indonesia during the exploration time frame 2008-2016 with month to month information as the data set. The multiple linear regression method was used to analyze the data. This exploration found that the sharia banking area supports genuine area financial development in Indonesia.
KORESPONDENSI REVITALISASI NILAI-NILAI ETIKA KEAGAMAAN SISWA SMA DI ERA GLOBALISASI MELALUI REFLEKSI TOKOH SENTRAL NABI MUHAMMAD SAW
Authors: Hasanah Niswah
Published: January 2024

Revitalization of ethical religious values among high school students in the era of globalization through the reflection of the central figure of Prophet Muhammad SAW is an essential endeavor. Educating on the values of religious ethics, particularly within the context of Islam, can be achieved by focusing on reflections based on the teachings of the central figure, Prophet Muhammad SAW. Prophet Muhammad serves as the prime example for the Islamic community in various aspects of life. By reflecting upon his teachings and actions, students can gain profound insight into moral principles relevant to the challenges of the present era. Globalization brings about intricate influences, and through the reflection of Prophet Muhammad's teachings, students can comprehend how he faced changes and challenges in his time. Emphasis on values such as honesty, tolerance, compassion, and justice taught by Prophet Muhammad can form the foundation for students to confront a multitude of situations in the globalization era filled with diverse perspectives and values. Moral education based on the teachings of Prophet Muhammad can also assist students in understanding the importance of respecting differences among individuals and cultures. This is key in navigating the complexity of globalization without losing one's identity and cherished principles. By integrating Islamic teachings practiced by Prophet Muhammad into their everyday lives, students can comprehend that religious ethical values are not archaic or detached from the global reality but are relevant and crucial in molding individuals with noble character in the modern era. In conclusion, through reflecting on the exemplar of Prophet Muhammad SAW, students can gain profound understanding of the ethical religious values pertinent in addressing the complexity and challenges of the globalization era. This enables them to become responsible, ethical, and highly competitive individuals in this ever-evolving era.
APLIKASI PRAKTIS SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Sartika Lydia , Sartika  , Asni Nur
Published: January 2024

Supervision of Islamic education is an activity that aims to improve the quality of the process and results of Islamic education. Supervision is known as evaluation in educational institutions, of course someone who is part of an educational institution, namely a teacher, must evaluate and supervise their work and their respective performance, not depending on the supervision of superiors.
PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Sabella Fuja
Published: January 2024

Islamic religious learning training as one of the subjects in schools or madrasas which demands Islamic life values, should be pursued through good learning arrangements, so that it can have an impact on decision making, choices and improving students' lives. Middle School PAI learning tools refer to a set of tools, plans, materials and strategies used by teachers (educators) to provide knowledge about the Islamic religion to students. PAI learning tools are planned so that the experience of Islamic education in schools can run in an organized, interesting and successful manner. The aim of the PAI learning tools is to achieve different learning outcomes which include students' understanding in interpreting the lessons, values, history and practices of the Islamic religion, as well as helping them in assimilating the characteristics of Islam into their daily lives. daily routine.
Shoes and Modern Civilization Between Racism and Imperialism: The 1880 Yoshida Masaharu Mission of Meiji Japan to Qajar Iran as Global History
Authors: Esenbel Selçuk
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses the nineteenth century Meiji Japanese self-reflection on modernity, civilization and identity that was compelled to negotiate between Racism and Imperialism. The Meiji vision of a global world was made up of a hierarchy of nations according to their level of enlightenment and civilization using the West as a benchmark. The study of Yoshida Masaharu’s travel account Kaikyō Tanken Perusha no Tabi (The Expedition to the Islamic World: The Journey to Persia) (Tokyo: Hakubunka, 1894) shows this attitude. Yoshida’s book is also quite valuable as the firsthand account of the Japanese interaction in 1880 with Persia of the Qajar dynasty in Iran as an entry into the Muslim world. Sent by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Japanese Mission was a small-scale version of the famous Iwakura Mission to learn about the West earlier between 1871-1873, as an investigation expedition to study the Muslim Middle East-Islamic affairs. The Japanese Mission of seven members including an Army officer representing the newly established Sanbō Honbu, the Japanese General Staff, and five businessmen, were headed by the envoy Yoshida Masaharu, a liberal Constitutionalist from Tosa domain whose views colored his interpretation of Qajar Iran and Shah Nasir al-Din’s reforms using Western know-how. The Yoshida Mission’s experience shows us some of the enduring perceptions as well as stereotyped images among the general Japanese public even today classifying Islam as an alien religion and the Middle Eastern world as a strange geography: exotic but alien, fascinating but also unfamiliar. Shoes and Modern Civilization Between Racism and Imperialism: The 1880 Yoshida Masaharu Mission of Meiji Japan to Qajar Iran as Global History Selçuk Esenbel Department of History, Boğaziçi University 13 This paper argues that the Yoshida travelogue actually reveals to us the complex cultural and political layers with which Yoshida saw Qajar Iran and provides an instructive journey into the mind of a nineteenth century Meiji Japanese elite who still carried their Edo cultural background as well as the more obvious Westernism of the new regime in order to decipher the global context of Iran. In turn, the Yoshida Mission’s impact on Iranian intellectuals and their subsequent 1906 Constitutional Revolution shows the global influences and connections between the history of two so-called Non-Western worlds in the process of adapting Western forms and ideas in their respective reformist agendas.
Meiji Japan, Ottoman Egypt, and the British Occupation: A Turn of the Century Colonial Triangle of Non-Western Modernity and Anti-Colonial Egyptian Nationalism
Authors: Worringer Renée
Published: January 2024

The independent Japanese nation-state of the late 19th century, with its modern institutions and its enlightened officials, became a powerful role model for other non-Western societies who struggled to acquire the trappings of modernity they often associated with the West – parliamentary constitutionalism, universal compulsory education, and patriotic love of homeland, for example. Under British occupation since 1882, Egyptian nationalists in late Ottoman Egypt looked to this Japanese example in formulating their anti-colonial resistance ideologies. After Japan’s dramatic victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, the pages of the Egyptian nationalist press were full of articles arguing for a British withdrawal in order to facilitate independent Egyptian nationhood. The authors of these anti-colonial demands used the Japanese example as a discursive tool to highlight their particular strategies for liberating Egypt. But a question arises: could an “Eastern” nation such as Japan, which served as an exemplary nation-state for other “Easterners” to emulate, also be acknowledged as colonialist? Or was colonialism at this time only understood as a by-product of Western imperialism to suit the needs of Egyptians, allowing them to deploy the Japanese model rhetorically, with knowing regard for Japanese colonial endeavors in East Asia?
The Role of the Emperor in Postwar Japan: An Analysis of Emperor Showa’s Addresses at Parliament Openings
Authors: Silingar Reyhan
Published: January 2024

Japan has the oldest continuous monarchy in the world. Despite the change of emperors throughout Japanese history, the question remains the same: What precisely is the role of the emperor in a highly developed country with a liberal democracy? This research will attempt to answer this continuously asked question with a discourse analysis of Emperor Showa’s addresses at the opening ceremony of the National Diet (Japanese parliament) between 1947 and 1988. By putting forward the context of the reign of the Showa emperor, one of the most controversial figures in modern times in terms of the role he is believed to have played in the decade of Japanese expansionism during WW II, this research will argue that the emperor is not a mere symbolic figurehead. This research will ultimately prove with its empirical findings that the emperor serves the collective memory of Japan by possessing an integrative power and thus contributes to the stabilization of the country.
The transformation of EU migration legislation: causes and consequences
Authors: Ryzhov Igor' Valer'evich , Tikhomirova Karina Sergeevna , Ruchina Valeriya Mikhailovna , Maslanov Konstantin Dmitrievich
Published: January 2024

The subject of the study is the migration situation in EU. Against the background of global socio-economic transformations, the EU is facing multifaceted problems in managing migration processes, acting as one of the most attractive areas of modern migration. Mass migration flows are a natural companion of globalization and the policy of openness promoted by many States. The purpose of this article is a comprehensive analysis of migration processes in the EU, focusing on the theoretical foundations, dynamics and current issues. Special attention is paid to the transformation of migration legislation in the EU member states in the period 2020-2023. The revealed data on new migration projects in the EU countries make it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in official EU legislation on this issue and formulate proposals for resolving the crisis situation. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach and the theory of multilevel management. The systematic approach was used in the work to identify the causes and consequences of the transformation of EU migration legislation within the framework of an integrated set of migration processes. The theory of multilevel management considers the issue both at the national level and at the level of the European Union. The novelty of the research lies in the development of scientific discourse on migration processes in the European Union. An in-depth analysis of migration dynamics in the EU, and as a result, the reasons for the transformation of migration legislation, expands the understanding of migration control mechanisms, and also evaluates the participation of EU member states in the formation of migration policy. The research contributes to the awareness of the interactions between migration and other socio-economic processes, which is significant for the academic community and the creation of educational programs. The practical significance of the study lies in its contribution to the formation and improvement of the EU migration policy. Based on the collected data and analytical conclusions, recommendations can be made to improve the current mechanisms of migration management, strengthen integration processes and maintain social balance.
The connection of religiosity and political preferences: the experience of foreign and domestic research
Authors: Baikov Mikhail Denisovich
Published: January 2024

The subject of the study is the relationship between religiosity and political preferences of the voter; the object is actual statistical and scientific research on the problems of electoral behavior in Russia, Eastern Europe and the United States of America. The article summarizes the most popular research approaches in the study of the influence of religion on politics, the author presents a brief summary of the materials of influential scientific papers, on the basis of which he makes his own conclusions. The article presents a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign experience in the study of the relationship between religion and politics. The author notes that foreign studies in this area have a more extensive database, thanks to a long study of the problem of the relationship between religiosity and political preferences. Nevertheless, Russian researchers also continue to develop this topic and emphasize the increasing role of the religious factor in the politics of the modern Russian Federation. The results obtained by the author are achieved through the use of the methodology of review and critical analysis of statistical research and scientific literature. It is concluded that religiosity and political preferences in the United States and European countries have an impact on the final electoral field. In Russia, scientists recognize the insignificant influence of the religious factor on the general trends of political behavior. Nevertheless, among the believers of Russia, the connection between their religiosity and preferences exists and differs depending on the degree of this very religiosity. It is important to note that the use of data from polling stations and in-depth interviewing in the Russian reality can significantly distort the databases of sociological data. These features of the Russian research field create understandable limitations that are often ignored by researchers, and therefore the data are incomplete. In the conclusion of the article, the author notes the possibility of interaction of religiosity and political preferences through the construct above them.
Front Matter (Title Page, Table of Content, General Information, and Editorial Team)
Authors: Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Published: January 2024

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Back Matter (Submission Guide, Author Guidelines, Subscription Form)
Authors: Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia
Published: January 2024

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Baccharis dracunculifolia: uma das principais fontes vegetais da própolis brasileira
Authors: Sforcin José Maurício , Sousa João Paulo Barreto de , Silva Filho Ademar Alves da , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , Búfalo Michelle Cristiane , Tonuci Lígia Ribeiro da Silva
Published: January 2024

A Baccharis dracunculifolia, conhecida como alecrim-do-campo, é uma das principais fontes vegetais de própolis no sudeste brasileiro. Atualmente, essa planta tem despertado o interesse de inúmeros pesquisadores pelas suas propriedades biológicas, seu potencial terapêutico e sua relação com as abelhas para a produção de própolis. Neste livro são apresentados os estudos de cultivo e de influência da sazonalidade nas plantas cultivadas, os aspectos fitoquímicos da Baccharis dracunculifolia nativa, o desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos por cromatografia das fases líquida e gasosa e as importantes atividades biológicas descobertas até o presente momento. Considerando o uso crescente de produtos naturais para os mais diferentes fins, os autores apresentam informações com protocolos experimentais consolidados junto à comunidade científica sobre o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos fitoterápicos a partir de plantas medicinais ou produtos apícolas.
Orbital angular momentum splitter of light based on beam displacer
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Jing-Feng , Kong Ling-Jun ,   Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Published: January 2024

In recent years, the high-dimensional properties of the orbital angular momentum degree of freedom of light have attracted extensive attention. This degree of freedom has been studied and used in many scientific fields, especially in optical communication and quantum information. In order to fully utilize the high-dimensional properties of orbital angular momentum, non-destructive separation of different orbital angular momentum states has become a fundamental requirement. However, the existing orbital angular momentum beam-splitting systems either lack stability and cascade expansibility, or the properties of the separated orbital angular momentum states are seriously damaged, thus failing to participate in further interaction processes. In this work, we construct a miniature Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on the beam displacer, and design an orbital angular momentum beam splitter, thereby realizing the non-destructive beam splitting of orbital angular momentum mode. In the orbital angular momentum splitter, the theoretical energy loss is zero because there exists only total reflection of the beam. The beam in the miniature Mach-Zehnder interferometer passes through the same optical element, and the spatial deviation of the beam is small, so the orbital angular momentum beam splitter has good stability. In addition, because the separated orbital angular momentum state has the same propagation direction as the incident orbital angular momentum state, the beam splitter has good extensibility and is easy to use in cascade. Our research result is of great significance in using the orbital angular momentum as a high-dimensional degree of freedom in optical communication and other related fields.
Glutaredoxin regulation of primary root growth is associated with early drought stress tolerance in pearl millet
Authors: de la Fuente Carla , Grondin Alexandre , Sine Bassirou , Debieu Marilyne , Belin Christophe , Hajjarpoor Amir , Atkinson Jonathan A. , Passot Sixtine , Salson Marine , Orjuela Julie , Tranchant-Dubreuil Christine , Brossier Jean-Rémy , Steffen Maxime , Morgado Charlotte , Dinh Hang Ngan , Pandey Bipin K. , Darmau Julie , Champion Antony , Petitot Anne-Sophie , Barrachina Celia , Pratlong Marine , Mounier Thibault , Nakombo-Gbassault Princia , Gantet Pascal , Gangashetty Prakash , Guédon Yann , Vadez Vincent , Reichheld Jean-Philippe , Bennett Malcolm J. , Kane Ndjido , Guyomarc’h Soazig , Wells Darren M. , Vigouroux Yves , Laplaze Laurent
Published: January 2024

Seedling root traits impact plant establishment under challenging environments. Pearl millet is one of the most heat and drought tolerant cereal crops that provides a vital food source across the sub-Saharan Sahel region. Pearl millet’s early root system features a single fast-growing primary root which we hypothesize is an adaptation to the Sahelian climate. Using crop modelling, we demonstrate that early drought stress is an important constraint in agrosystems in the Sahel where pearl millet was domesticated. Furthermore, we show that increased pearl millet primary root growth is correlated with increased early water stress tolerance in field conditions. Genetics including GWAS and QTL approaches identify genomic regions controlling this key root trait. Combining gene expression data, re-sequencing and re-annotation of one of these genomic regions identified a glutaredoxin-encoding gene
PgGRXC9
as the candidate stress resilience root growth regulator. Functional characterization of its closest Arabidopsis homolog
AtROXY19
revealed a novel role for this glutaredoxin (GRX) gene clade in regulating cell elongation. In summary, our study suggests a conserved function for GRX genes in conferring root cell elongation and enhancing resilience of pearl millet to its Sahelian environment.
Isolating Small Extracellular Vesicles from Small Volumes of Blood Plasma using size exclusion chromatography and density gradient ultracentrifugation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kong Fang , Upadya Megha , Wong Andrew See Weng , Dalan Rinkoo , Dao Ming
Published: January 2024

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are heterogeneous biological vesicles released by cells under both physiological and pathological conditions. Due to their potential as valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in human blood, there is a pressing need to develop effective methods for isolating high-purity sEVs from the complex milieu of blood plasma, which contains abundant plasma proteins and lipoproteins. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGUC) are two commonly employed isolation techniques that have shown promise in addressing this challenge. In this study, we aimed to determine the optimal combination and sequence of SEC and DGUC for isolating sEVs from small plasma volumes, in order to enhance both the efficiency and purity of the resulting isolates. To achieve this, we compared sEV isolation using two combinations: SEC-DGUC and DGUC-SEC, from unit volumes of 500 μl plasma. Both protocols successfully isolated high-purity sEVs; however, the SEC-DGUC combination yielded higher sEV protein and RNA content. We further characterized the isolated sEVs obtained from the SEC-DGUC protocol using flow cytometry and mass spectrometry to assess their quality and purity. In conclusion, the optimized SEC-DGUC protocol is efficient, highly reproducible, and well-suited for isolating high-purity sEVs from small blood volumes.
Salicylic Acid with Humic Acid Addition as Potential Hallmarks for Alleviating Drought Stress in Maize Crop and Enhancing Soil Health
Authors: Khan Nasir Mehmood , Mujtaba Ghulam , Irfan Muhammad Ahmed , Muslim  , Ahmed Manzoor , Kebe Alhaji Alusine , Ahmed Rafique , Fayyaz Fahad Ali
Published: January 2024

Climate change is the biggest concern to the human kind and threat to agri-food security. Deficiency of water in soil and the ability of plants to uptake water is slowed down due rising temperature and microbial imbalance in soil. Salicylic acid plays an important role in mitigating drought stress and improves the overall production of crop. Humic acid is another amendment to cope against water stress and optimizes the yield. Apart from that, there is little known about their impact on soil geochemistry and that how soil health is altered.

To investigate the effect of salicylic acid and humic acid on the drought experiment was conducted at University Research Farm (URF), PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during summer 2023.  The experiment was set up in randomized complete block design in two factorial arrangements with four replications. The first factor was comprised of mitigation strategies; salicylic acid, humic acid and chemical fertilizer, while second factor was water regimes; water stress and irrigation maintaining 60% field capacity.

Plant attributes including chlorophyll content (SPAD value), total soluble protein content (mg/g), total free amino acid (mg/g), K+ content (mg/g), Na+ content (mg/g), 1000 grain weight (g) and grain yield (kg/ha) were measured and reported. On the other hand, soil parameters that were estimated are: soil pH, soil organic matter content (%), available N (ppm), available P (ppm), available K (ppm) and cation exchange capacity (cmol/kg).

According to the data analysis, all of the features under study had a substantial impact from the mitigation approaches. The increased value of chlorophyll content (49.11 mg/g) was obtained in water stressed condition by the application of salicylic acid. Under water stressed regime and salicylic acid boosted the total soluble protein content (1.67 mg/g) and total free amino acid (31.93 mg/g) while grain yield (9451.7 kg/ha) was also boosted up by the amendment salicylic acid in maize. There was also increase in the values of soil pH (6.78), CEC (54.37 cmol/kg), SOM content (0.87%), available N (3.24 ppm), available P (26.14 ppm) and available K (211.23 ppm) drought conditions with the implementation of salicylic acid.

Humic acid also positively impacted the drought stress and improved the maize yield (8436.2 kg/ha) under drought condition. Similarly, soil nutrient retention is also improved to large extent under water stress state; SOM content (0.49%), available N (2.36 ppm), available P (15.67 ppm) and available K (171.94 ppm).

Overall, the study showed that amendment of salicylic acid and humic acid, is the greatest strategy to increase crop production and quality while also improving the health of the soil.
Effect of Different Sowing Windows on Dry Matter Accumulation of Pigeonpea Genotypes
Authors: Usha N. , Patil S. B. , Nandagavi R. A.
Published: January 2024

A field experiment was conducted to study the “Effect of different sowing windows on dry matter accumulation of pigeonpea genotypes” at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Vijayapura, during Kharif 2021. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design assigning four sowing windows to main plots viz., first fortnight of June (23-24th SMW), second  fortnight of June (25-26th SMW), first fortnight of July (27-28th SMW) and second fortnight of July (29-30th SMW), whereas genotypes to subplot viz.,TS-3R, GRG-152 and GRG-811 and replicated thrice. The results revealed that sowing in first fortnight of June accumulated more dry matter in leaves (18.47 g plant-1), stem (131.22 g plant-1) and reproductive parts (68.16 g plant-1). Among the genotype GRG-152 accumulated higher dry matter in leaves (17.34 g plant-1) and stem (123.01 g plant-1). However, dry matter accumulation in reproductive parts is higher in TS-3R (63.68 g plant-1). Similarly TDMP was higher in first fortnight of June sowing (217.85 g plant-1) than delayed sowing in second fortnight of July. TS-3R accumulated higher TDMP in the beginning growth stage when compared to GRG-152 and GRG-811. However, TDMP was higher in GRG-152 at later stage. This study revealed that pigeonpea sown in first fortnight of June recorded higher dry matter production and it’s partitioning in leaf, stem and reproductive parts and among the genotype TS-3R recorded significantly higher dry matter in pods due to more photosynthetic activity of the genotype which results in higher yield of the crop.
Impact of Selected Plant Growth Regulators on Rooting Response of Stem Cuttings of Psidium guajava L.
Authors: Vanitha K.  , Kumar M. , Sivakumar V.
Published: January 2024

Guava can be propagated vegetatively through layering, cutting and grafting, in addition to seeds. Among the propagation techniques, cuttings have gained popularity because they produce results in a shorted span of time. Rooting is an essential step in the propagation of guava through cuttings. Nowadays, the most popular technique for growing cuttings in a misty environment is the use of plant growth regulators, especially auxins such as Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) that promote root growth. The present study was undertaken to assess the influence of plant growth regulators on the rooting of diverse stem cuttings from guava cv. Arka Kiran under mist chamber conditions at the Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Two plant growth regulators, IBA and NAA were employed at various concentrations. These regulators were applied to single-node cuttings with one leaf, double node cuttings with two leaves, and herbaceous cuttings. The highest rooting percentage (55.10%), the duration for bud sprouting (21.13 days), and number of leaves (4.83) were observed in single-node cuttings treated with IBA at a concentration of 3000 ppm concentration. Single-node cuttings treated with IBA at 3000 ppm exhibited superior rooting and sprouting performance compared to Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA). Among the three stem cuttings, single-node cuttings with one leaf proved to be the most effective for rapid multiplication.
Maturation of granule cell dendrites after mossy fiber arrival in hippocampal field CA3
Authors: Jones Shawn P. , Rahimi Omid , O'Boyle Michael P. , Diaz Daniel L. , Claiborne Brenda J.
Published: March 2003

Most granule neurons in the rat dentate gyrus are born over the course of the first 2 postnatal weeks. The resulting heterogeneity has made it difficult to define the relationship between dendritic and axonal maturation and to delineate a time course for the morphological development of the oldest granule neurons. By depositing crystals of the fluorescent label DiI in hippocampal field CA3, we retrogradely labeled granule neurons in fixed tissue slices from rats aged 2–9 days. The results showed that all labeled granule cells, regardless of the age of the animal, exhibited apical dendrites. On day 2, every labeled neuron had rudimentary apical dendrites, and a few dendrites on each cell displayed immature features such as growth cones, varicosities, and filopodia. Some cells displayed basal dendrites. By day 4, the most mature granule neurons had longer and more numerous apical branches, as well as various immature features. Most had basal dendrites. On days 5 and 6, the immature features and the basal dendrites had begun to regress on the oldest cells, and varying numbers of spines were present. On day 7, the first few adult‐like neurons were seen: immature features and basal dendrites had disappeared, all dendrites reached the top of the molecular layer, and the entire dendritic tree was covered with spines. These data show that dendritic outgrowth occurs before, or concurrent with, axon arrival in the CA3 target region, and that adult‐like granule neurons are present by the end of the first week. Hippocampus 2003;13:413–427. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Uncoupled analysis of secondary and tertiary protein structure by circular dichroism and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Grandori Rita , Matecko Irena , Müller Norbert
Published: March 2003

An Erratum has been published for this article in Journal of Mass Spectrometry 38 (3) 2003, 345.

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) applied to protein conformational studies is a powerful new method that seems to provide specific information about protein tertiary structure. In this study, we analyzed the effect of trifluoroethanol (TFE) on a myoglobin peptide and cytochrome c (cyt c) at low pH by circular dichroism (CD) and ESI‐MS. These experiments show that coil‐to‐helix transition per se does not affect ESI mass spectra, confirming that this technique is insensitive to the local conformation of the polypeptidic chain and, rather, reports on the tertiary contacts characterizing different protein conformations. This property makes ESI‐MS an excellent method, complementary to CD, for the characterization of protein conformational changes. Fluorinated alcohols have been suggested to induce molten globule formation in acid‐unfolded cyt c. The experiments described here show that TFE does not induce major changes in the ESI mass spectrum of cyt c at pH 2.2, indicating that no stabilization of compact, globular structures is detectable under the conditions employed. On the other hand, even low concentrations of TFE (2–5%) are shown to destabilize the folded state of the protein around the mid‐point of its acid‐induced unfolding transition. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric determination of biologically active alkaloids in extracts of Peschiera fuschiaefolia
Authors: Lépine François , Milot S. , Zamir L. , Morel R.
Published: March 2003

Four alkaloids were isolated from an alcoholic extract of the bark from the stem of Peschiera fuschiaefolia. Two of these compounds, voacamine and voacamidine, are dimeric alkaloids which are thought to be responsible for the antimalarial activity of these extracts. The mass spectra and the response factors of these four compounds were obtained by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in the electrospray positive ionization mode. The concentrations of these alkaloids were measured in two different P. fuschiaefolia extracts. The ion chromatograms of the two extracts were compared on the basis of their [M + H]+ and [M + 2H]+2 ions characteristic of various alkaloids previously isolated from P. fuschiaefolia bark. The two extracts were found to differ mostly in the relative concentrations of the dimeric alkaloids. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ATP‐induced, sustained calcium signalling in cultured rat cortical astrocytes: evidence for a non‐capacitative, P2X7‐like‐mediated calcium entry
Authors: Nobile Mario , Monaldi Ilaria , Alloisio Susanna , Cugnoli Carlo , Ferroni Stefano
Published: March 2003

The receptor mechanisms regulating the ATP‐induced free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) changes in cultured rat cortical type‐1 astrocytes were analyzed using fura‐2‐based Ca2+ imaging microscopy. Upon prolonged ATP challenge (1–100 μM), astroglial cells displayed a biphasic [Ca2+]i response consisting of an initial peak followed by a sustained elevation. Suramin and pyridoxalphosphate‐6‐azophenyl‐2′,4′‐disulfonic acid blocked both components, albeit to a different extent. By contrast, the selective P2X7 antagonist oxidized ATP irreversibly abrogated the sustained [Ca2+]i signal without affecting the transient phase. Finally, astrocyte challenge with the selective P2X7 agonist 3′‐O‐(4‐benzoyl)benzoyl‐ATP evoked a sustained [Ca2+]i elevation, which occluded that induced by ATP. We can conclude that in cultured cortical astrocytes the ATP‐mediated sustained [Ca2+]i rise does not implicate capacitative Ca2+ entry but involves Ca2+ influx through P2X7‐like receptors.
A SUBMODULE UNRELATED TO THE CORRESPONDING FACTOR MODULE OVER A COMMUTATIVE RING
Authors: SHINDOH YASUTAKA
Published: March 2003

In this paper we introduce a new concept "unrelated pairs". Using this concept, we study a relation between homomorphisms and direct summands of a finitely generated module.
The scaffold protein IB1/JIP-1 is a critical mediator of cytokine-induced apoptosis in pancreatic β cells
Authors: Haefliger Jacques-Antoine , Tawadros Thomas , Meylan Laure , Gurun Sabine Le , Roehrich Marc-Estienne , Martin David , Thorens Bernard , Waeber Gérard
Published: March 2003

In insulin-secreting cells, cytokines activate the c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK), which contributes to a cell signaling towards apoptosis. The JNK activation requires the presence of the murine scaffold protein JNK-interacting protein 1 (JIP-1) or human Islet-brain 1(IB1), which organizes MLK3, MKK7 and JNK for proper signaling specificity. Here, we used adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to modulate IB1/JIP-1 cellular content in order to investigate the contribution of IB1/JIP-1 to β-cell survival. Exposure of the insulin-producing cell line INS-1 or isolated rat pancreatic islets to cytokines (interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) induced a marked reduction of IB1/JIP-1 content and a concomitant increase in JNK activity and apoptosis rate. This JNK-induced pro-apoptotic program was prevented in INS-1 cells by overproducing IB1/JIP-1 and this effect was associated with inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage. Conversely, reducing IB1/JIP-1 content in INS-1 cells and isolated pancreatic islets induced a robust increase in basal and cytokine-stimulated apoptosis. In heterozygous mice carrying a selective disruption of the IB1/JIP-1 gene,the reduction in IB1/JIP-1 content in happloinsufficient isolated pancreatic islets was associated with an increased JNK activity and basal apoptosis. These data demonstrate that modulation of the IB1-JIP-1 content in βcells is a crucial regulator of JNK signaling pathway and of cytokine-induced apoptosis.
SN2 Substitution on sp2 Nitrogen of Protonated Oxime
Authors: Mori Seiji , Uchiyama Katsuya , Hayashi Yujiro , Narasaka Koichi , Nakamura Eiichi
Published: March 2003

Theoretical studies on intramolecular nucleophilic displacement of the protonated oxime oxygen with an aryl ring revealed that the substitution reaction on the sp2 nitrogen atom is a low energy process. This seemingly anomalous substitution is due to the low-lying σ*-orbital of the O-protonated oxime. The theoretical conclusion received experimental support.
Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of N-Methoxy-N-methylcarbamoyl Chloride for the Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-methylamides
Authors: Murakami Masahiro , Hoshino Yujiro , Ito Hajime , Ito Yoshihiko
Published: March 2003

A new synthetic method of N-methoxy-N-methylamides is developed. The palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of N-methoxy-N-methylcarbamoyl chloride furnished N-methoxy-N-methylamide in moderate to good yield, wherein a carbonyl equivalent was appended to sp and sp2 carbon atoms as a versatile synthetic basis for further manipulation.
Oxorhenium(V) Complex of Amidophenolate: Structure and Redox Characteristics
Authors: Sugimoto Hideki , Sasaki Yoichi
Published: March 2003

A new mono-oxo rhenium(V) complex with a chelating ligand amidophenolate was synthesized and structurally characterized. Significance of the protonation at the amido nitrogen was demonstrated by the large positive shift of the redox potential of Re(IV/III) in the presence of weak proton donors in acetonitrile.
The First Asymmetric Synthesis of Optically Active Tropilidenes. Highly Regio- and Diastereo-differentiating Addition of Diazo Ester to Aromatic Ring Using 2,4-Pentanediol as Chiral Linking Bridge
Authors: Sugimura Takashi , Nagano Shinya , Tai Akira
Published: March 2003

Optically active tropilidenes were prepared by cycloaddition of a diazo ester to an aromatic ring using 2,4-pentanediol as a chiral linking bridge under complete regio- and stereo-differentiations.
Thermal Reaction of Ethyl(hydrido){(2-phosphinoethyl)silyl}iridium(III) Complex—Formation of a {(2-Phosphinoethyl) silyl}(ethene)iridium(I) Complex—
Authors: Okazaki Masaaki , Tobita Hiromi , Ogino Hiroshi
Published: March 2003

Thermolysis of LnIr(C2H5)(H) [Ln={η2-Me2Si(CH2)2PPh2}(PMe3)2] led to the clean formation of a 1 : 1 mixture of ethene complex LnIr(C2H4) and dihydrido complex LnIr(H)2. The former product is proved to be an efficient precursor of an unsaturated silyliridium(I) species through dissociation of ethene.
The Silylformylation of Simple 1-Alkynes Catalyzed by [Rh(cod)][BPh4] in an Ionic Liquid, [Bmim][PF6], under Biphasic Conditions: An Efficiently Reusable Catalyst System
Authors: Okazaki Hiromi , Kawanami Yukio , Yamamoto Keiji
Published: March 2003

Taking into account the precedent rhodium complex-catalyzed silylformylation of 1-alkynes, an efficient recycling of the catalyst consisting of a zwitterionic rhodium complex, [Rh(cod)][BPh4] (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) (2), in a typical ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [Bmim][PF6] (1), under biphasic conditions was easily achieved.
Low Operating Voltage Bilayer Organic Light Emitting Diodes Using Electrochemically Synthesized and p-Doped Starburst-Polymer as Hole Transport Layer
Authors: Kunugi Yoshihito , Niwa Yoshie , Zhu Lihua , Harima Yutaka , Yamashita Kazuo
Published: March 2003

Bilayer organic light emitting diodes based on electrochemically synthesized and p-doped PTPA hole transport layer have been investigated. When a thin p-doped PTPA layer is inserted between the anode (ITO) and Alq3, the operating voltage of the devices has been clearly decreased while the current density and luminance increased.