bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Method of Developing Nanosilica Coated Alumina Micro Abrasives Using Silicon Nanoparticles Generated from Spark Erosion as the Source
Authors: Farooq Ahmad , Abd El-Aty Ali
Published: October 2015

Silica coated alumina abrasives, used for abrading the surface of Yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramics, were produced in order to achieve successful bonding with resin luting cement. The source of the silica coating was from Silicon Nanoparticles (SiNPs) that were produced from spark erosion in high pressure flushing of deionized water. SEM images verified average size distribution of the SiNPs to be between 30-50nm. In contrast to the tribochemical methods that are used widely to produce such abrasives, a completely novel dry physical process was opted for this experiment. By optimization of the conditions, 2g of purified SiNPs was mixed with 20g of alumina μ-particles (approximated diameter of 100μm), in presence of 25ml ethanol, mixed thoroughly to form slurry. Heated up to 120°C for 20 minutes to evaporate the ethanol, the resultant powder mix was compacted and uploaded in furnace at temperature of 1100°C for 2hrs. This formed an oxide layer on the SiNPs which consequently formed bonding with the alumina particles. SEM/EDS results validate substantial amount of coating of silica on alumina. The paper hereby demonstrates a novel method of producing silica coated alumina abrasives, which is a dry and cleaner substitution method compared to tribochemical approach.
FTIR Study on the Preliminary Development of Synthesis Methods for Hydroxyapatite Modified Silica Aerogel
Authors: Suriani Sani Nor , Malek Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik , Abdul Kadir Mohammed Rafiq , Hamdan Halimaton
Published: October 2015

Hydroxyapatite (HA) modified silica aerogel (SA) was synthesized based on 2 different techniques namely encapsulation and in-situ via aqueous colloidal sol-gel process. The structure of the synthesized HA modified SA have been studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra of HA modified SA, derived from in-situ technique appear to be different from those of encapsulation technique and free HA, with the main difference lying in the phosphate bending absorbance. Results showed that the encapsulation technique preserved the native confirmation of HA in SA frameworks compared to in-situ technique. It confirms that the use of an aqueous sol-gel encapsulation route provides a promising approach for the stabilization of HA in SA networks.
Mathematical Modelling and Analysis for the Efficiency of Wind Power Gearbox Based on the Toroidal Drive
Authors: Yuan Yong Na , Yao Li Gang , Li Rui Feng
Published: October 2015

This paper proposed a kind of gearbox based on the toroidal drive to step up the speed of rotor rotation to a value suitable for standard induction generators for wind power field. In the inversion mechanism of the proposed gearbox, the system transmission ratio formula is obtained. Then the force analysis of the meshing components including a sun worm, a planet worm gear and an internal toroidal gear has been done respectively and the efficiency calculation formula of the gearbox system is deduced. Besides, the influences of the pressure angle and the helix angle of the sun worm and the internal toroidal gear for the gearbox have been further discussed. Finally, the verification of the efficiency analysis results of the gearbox is accomplished based on computer modelling and simulation.
Influence of Technological Indiscipline on Strength Properties of Bonded Joints
Authors: Nečasová Barbora , Liška Pavel , Šlanhof Jiří
Published: October 2015

Requirements on joints in combination with new materials have led to a situation where adhesive bonding becomes very reasonable joining method. A research case focused on vented wooden façade system with bonded joints is presented in this paper and the effect of technological indiscipline on bonded joints is studied and described in more detail and verified through experimental measurements. For the purpose of presented tests five different types of possible insubordinations was engineered. The test results proved the fact that bonded joints are more than suitable equivalent to the mechanical joints. During the tests appeared some differences in stability and failure behaviour between the adhesive systems as well as within the sheeting material. Additionally, the suitability of selected adhesive system in combination with Siberian larch cladding material as well as with the timber substructure was confirmed.
Lead Crowning and Anti-Twist for Tooth Flank of a Heat Treated Helical Gear on Internal CNC Honing Machine
Authors: Wu Yu Ren , Tran Van The
Published: October 2015

The internal gear honing is more popular than the external gear honing by its advantages such as higher contact surface and easier correct profile errors. It is usually applied for modifying the gear surface to compensate for the distortions after heat treatment process. However, the lead crowning and anti-twist tooth flank of a helical gear on internal CNC gear honing has not studied yet. Therefore, a novel method for lead crowning tooth flank of work gear surfaces is proposed by using a linear swivel angle function of the honing wheel and a variable pressure angle (VPA) honing wheel is also applied for anti-twist of the crowned tooth flank in honing process.
Modal Analysis Based on Fluid-Structure Interaction of Axial Flow Rotor
Authors: Zhang Zheng Yang , Zheng Yuan , Zhang Xin
Published: October 2015

In order to study the impact of prestress and aqueous medium for axial pump flow rotor modal ，in this paper, with a axial flow model test of North Water Diversion Project, the flow of aqueous medium modal distribution of axial flow rotary mechanism was calculated through the coupling APDL command stream in ANSYS WORKBENCH with the basic idea of Fluid-structure interaction，and axial flow changes of impeller modal in aqueous medium and in the air was compared under prestressed case; the load of prestressed modal of the rotation for the entire organization was calculated through the one-way coupling method . The results show that the water medium has a significant decreases to the natural frequency of the impeller, while the impact of the prestress for modal is not obvious.
Prediction of Spur Gear Mesh Stiffness Associated with the Tooth Corrosion
Authors: Li Zheng Min Qing , Zhao Qing Bin , Li Xiao Zhen
Published: October 2015

In this study, a mesh stiffness model of spur gear drives considering the tooth corrosion effect, which is based on Ishikawa model, is proposed. The fidelity of mesh stiffness based on the proposed model is checked by comparing the result with a benchmark result from the reference and the effect of the tooth corrosion on mesh stiffness is analyzed. The prediction indicates mesh stiffness is insensitive to the tooth corrosion, but this conclusion has a signification for assessing the stability of inherent properties of a spur gear drive when the tooth corrosion is produced.
Strength Analysis of Axial-Flow Pump Impeller Based on FSI
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zheng Yuan , Zhang Zheng Yang , Qian Jun , Fu Jie , Ma Jian Bo
Published: October 2015

It’s necessary to calculate and analyze the strength of the pump impeller for the safe operation of the pump. In this paper, the impeller strength of a two-way full-adjust horizontal axial-flow pump in a domestic pump station under forward pumping conditions was calculated by using the unidirectional fluid-structure interaction method; it means loading the blade surface water pressure calculating from CFD software CFX as structure surface loads to the blade, and then calculating the strength of the impeller using finite element software ANSYS ; the strength of the impeller was calculated under different blade rotating angle conditions. Through the calculation, we has got static stress and deformation distribution in the impeller. The results show that under each blade rotating angle, the maximum static stress always increases with lift increasing; the maximum static stress occurs at the junction of the blade and hub; the stress concentration also occurs in there prone to cause fatigue failure; maximum deformation of the blade occurs in the leading edge close to the rim; the maximum static stress is far less than yield strength of the material that the static stress can not cause cracks.
The Study on the Dynamic Response of Cylindrical Pressure Hull on the Different Shock Loading Empirical Formula
Authors: Hsu Ching Yu , Teng Tso Liang , Liang Cho Chung , Nguyen Hai Anh , Shih Chien Jong
Published: October 2015

This paper focuses on the comparison between underwater explosion (UNDEX) shock loading empirical formulations. First, the numerical simulations for a cylindrical pressure hull subjected to UNDEX loading were conducted and the results are close to the failure modes shown in experiments of Kwon (1993). Second, the empirical UNDEX loading formula of Cole (1948), Keil (1961) and Shin (1994) used in cylinder subjected to underwater shock loading were compared. The simulation results by using three empirical formulas were compared and Shin’s (or Cole’s) empirical formula was shown to be better than the other empirical formulations when subjected to an UNDEX under the same conditions. The analytical results offer a valuable reference to the research of underwater explosion.
Effect of Radial Run-Out on the Transient Response of a Spur Gear Pair with Backlash
Authors: Çiloğlu Çağıl , Sahir Arıkan M.A. , Eren Oykun
Published: October 2015

This paper investigates the effect of radial run-out on the transient responses of spur gear pairs with backlash. With the selection of contact parameters which are based on existing contact models, an ADAMS model for a set of spur gears is created and the results are compared with the available solutions in the literature. After observing that ADAMS solutions obtained by determined contact parameters are in close agreement with the solutions given in the literature; a gear which has radial run-out is replaced with the ideal gear. The results are shown to demonstrate the effect of radial run-out on the output gear.
Design and Analysis of Fixation Equipment for Transporting Prefabricated Housing Units
Authors: Kim Kyoon Tai , Jun Young Hun
Published: October 2015

The unit modular technique is one in which unit modules are prefabricated at a factory and then transported to a construction site for assembly. When the external wall, windows, etc. is damaged during the transportation, the efficiency of unit modular method is deteriorated. Taking this into account, in this study an adapter block used to fix the unit module to a truck was proposed to ensure no damage was caused to the external wall.The L-type adapter block proposed in this study was evaluated the structural safety through simulation method. The result of the simulation is that it seems desirable to set the working load of the L-type adapter block as 15kN for Case 1 and as 30kN for Case 2. Therefore, when the L-type adapter block is utilized under the conditions in which the same load is applied as in Case 2, it is expected that safety will be improved.
Design of Flow Adjusting Device in Diffuser of Open-Circuit Wind Tunnel with Low Speed Based on CFX
Authors: Wang Xiao Yi , Gao Chong , Chen Fu Qiang , Zhang Yu Hua , Qiu Zhi Zhen
Published: October 2015

The diffuser in wind tunnel plays a vital role to improve flow field quality. Many flow adjusting devices in diffuser were studied by lots of researchers in the world to inhibit flow separation. However, most of them were applied on closed-circuit wind tunnel with high speed. It is necessary to design appropriate flow adjusting device for diffuser in open-circuit wind tunnel with low speed which was increasingly used in aerodynamic experiment. The structure of a new open-circuit wind tunnel with low speed was firstly introduced in this paper. The flow adjusting device was designed, which was composed of three parts, namely contracting cone, air guide plate and screen. On the basis of analysis model for diffuser, the influences of contracting cone, air guide plate and screen on flow field quality were respectively given by CFX simulation that was using multiple reference frames and RNG k-ε turbulence model. Case study showed that the role of single part was limited, combined effect of three parts in flow adjusting device could greatly improve quality of flow field in diffuser. The study results mentioned above are useful for designing flow adjusting device in diffuser of practical open-circuit wind tunnel with low speed.
Mechanical Analysis of Flexible Pipe during Installation
Authors: Qiao Hong Dong , Shang Zhao Hui , Ruan Wei Dong , Bai Yong
Published: October 2015

Mechanical analysis of flexible pipe during installation is presented in this paper. The configuration, tension and bending moment of the flexible are important issues during the installation. A reasonable theoretical model is proposed to handle the pipe configuration and the loads during installation. Numerical iteration program for the model is developed to get the tension, bending moment distribution and the pipe configuration. Two segments which are suspended segment and seabed segment are analyzed with different calculation model for their different load conditions and boundary conditions. Finite element model is established by Abaqus to verify the results from the theoretical model. The results from theoretical are very close to the ones got from FEM. Typical installation method J-lay method is applied to perform the FEM and numerical analysis.
Numerical Realization of the Method of Subsequent Parameters Perturbation for Calculating a Stress-Strain State of the Shell
Authors: Bessonov Leonid V.
Published: October 2015

During the application of approximated methods of estimations for calculating a stress-strain state of the shell an explicit question of accuracy and resource-intensiveness of the method is raised. From that point of view, the method of subsequent parameters perturbation (MSPP), developed by Vladlen V. Petrov in 1975, can be called the most effective one. The result of the application of this method is that the solution of a nonlinear model can be reduced to the sequence of solutions of systems of linear equations. The application of the method of Bubnov-Galerkin for solving linear equations is conjugated with the necessity of building the basis system of functions for every concerned problem. The method of building the basis system of functions for the shell with the boundaries of arbitrary configuration is offered in this paper..
Analysis of Nonlinear Vibrations of a Cylindrical Shell in a Supersonic Gas Flow
Authors: Khajiyeva Lelya , Kudaibergenov Askhat
Published: October 2015

In the paper nonlinear vibrations of a drill string’s section in a supersonic gas flow are studied. The drill string is modelled in the form of a circular cylindrical shell under the effect of a longitudinal compressing load and torque. In contrast to the previous research, pressure of an unperturbed gas is defined nonlinearly in the third approximation. The eighth order partial differential equation describing the motion of the shell reduces to a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations with application of the Bubnov-Galerkin technique. An implicit Runge-Kutta method is applied to construct modes of vibrations.
Transient Response of Cross Flow Heat Exchangers Subjected to Simultaneous Temperature and Flow Perturbations
Authors: Silaipillayarputhur Karthik
Published: October 2015

This paper compares the transient thermal performance between counter and parallel cross flow heat exchangers subjected to time varying inlet mass flow rates and inlet temperatures that hasn’t been previously discussed in the available literature. Specifically the transient performance of 2 pass and 3 pass cross flow heat exchangers is discussed in this paper. In the present study the energy balance equations for the hot and cold fluids and the heat exchanger wall were solved using an implicit central finite difference method. Representative values of NTU were considered, and the NTU’s of the heat exchanger were assumed to be uniformly distributed among the heat exchanger passes. Other physically significant parameters such as the capacity rate ratio and the convection heat transfer resistance ratio were systematically varied. A detailed summary based on the observations has been presented.
Trajectories Generated by a Novel Cam Driven Five-Bar Mechanism
Authors: Chang Shinn Liang , Juan Dai Jia , Syu You Huang
Published: October 2015

In industry, the special kind of trajectory is often designed to fit the desired motion required. In literature, four-bar mechanism is popularly applied and well studied in the trajectory generation. Different types of trajectories are generated by the choose of the ratio of links. The five-bar mechanism is another popular one to generate the desired trajectory and it is more flexible due to it has two degrees of freedom. The geared five-bar mechanism is then commonly used by reducing the degree of freedom of the mechanism into one by implied one pair of gear. In this study, the trajectories generated by a novel cam driven five-bar mechanism proposed by the authors are investigated. It could supply more choices in the application of trajectory generation.
Study of Flow Maldistribution inside an Air Conditioning Distributor Using FLUENT Simulation
Authors: Heikal Raghda
Published: October 2015

Flow maldistribution and specifically in distributors has been a major area of study in engineering fluid dynamics. The literature shows some of the work done on the flow distribution in parallel tubes, nozzles, and air conditioning distributors and its effect on the pressure drop as well as the energy losses in the heat exchanger. This study aims at investigating the maldistribution of the flow in various geometries of the distributor, and trying to identify the geometry that causes the least maldistribution. FLUENT 14 software was used to carry out the CFD study in a one-phase flow (liquid), as well as in two-phase flow simulations. The results obtained show that the distributor geometry type 9, has the highest maldistribution, while type 8 has the least. The effects of the dispersion cone, the orifice, as well as erroneous tilting in installation/manufacturing, on maldistribution are also investigated. The orifice might actually lead to more maldistribution. And the cone was shown to have negligible effect on maldistribution.
Electric Arc Furnace Dust Treatment by the Combination of Pyro/Hydrometallurgical Processes
Authors: Polsilapa Sureerat , Sriyowong Nakarin
Published: October 2015

This project researched a mechanism of the decomposition of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) to be zinc oxide (ZnO) and calcium ferrite (Ca2Fe2O5) by using calcium oxide (CaO) from lime as a reducing agent. Zinc ferrite was mostly found in electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), which is a by product from a steel making industry. The experiment was simple as following. The EAFD was mixed with lime in mole ratio of zinc ferrite and calcium oxide at 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 and then compressed into pellets. Effects of mole ratio, temperatures and times on the decomposition were studied. The conditions used in these experiments were 800, 900, 1,000 and 1,100 oC for 2, 4 and 6 hours. The results showed that the suitable conditions for the decomposition of zinc ferrite by calcium oxide could be as low as 800 oC for only 2 hours with mole ratio of zinc ferrite from EAFD and calcium oxide from lime as 1:2. A solubility test was provided to processed samples at the conditions as 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 50 oC for 20 minutes. It was found that EAFD from pyrometallurgical treatment could be decomposed to be zinc oxide and the following by hydrometallurgical treatment could recovery high zinc yield from the remaining residue. However, EAFD treated by only hydrometallurgical process obtained lower zinc recovery due to the high stability of zinc ferrite in HCl and most of the solutions.
SSPS Dynamic Modeling and the Flexible Vibration Suppression
Authors: Wang Ran , Tian Hao , Wang Hong Liu , Zhao Yang , Yang Chen , Hou Xin Bin
Published: October 2015

Space solar power satellite (SSPS) as a very large flexible spacecraft structure with complex configuration, large size and number of units bring the difficulties to dynamics modeling and analysis. Considering SSPS structure characteristics, equivalent strain and kinetic energy theory is adopted to establish the equivalent beam model of SSPS truss structure. The assumed mode method is adopted to describe the flexible body. The modal truncation method implements the dynamics system order reduction. Mixed coordinates method is adopted to establish the rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model. The established dynamic model can reflect dynamic characteristics of SSPS, achieve control requirements for SSPS and decrease the workload of simulation calculation. The independent modal space control (IMSC) method is proposed to active control research view of the large displacement, nonlinearity, low and dense mode frequency, light damping of flexible structures. Simulation results on flexible solar array show the effectiveness of the control method.
Numerical Simulation on Detonation Process in Variable-Section Charge under Condition of End-Point Detonation Model
Authors: Yin Jun Ting , Li Gang
Published: October 2015

when detonation wave is spreading in cylindrical charge which has a shell constraint, the border of the shell will reflect the detonation wave, reflection wave still has a strong influence on charge’s centerline. Compared with cylindrical charge, the influence of variable-section charge’s stack reflection wave on centerline is unsteady, relating to the gradual trends height of section area. On the condition of end-point detonation, doing the numerical simulation on detonation process of equal-section charge 、reduced-increased charge and increased-reduced charge, analyzing the pressure and velocity of detonation products on position of centerline, founding in the range of gradually decreasing section al, detonation wave through reflecting and then occur oblique collision that induce the pressure increasing rapidly. Doing the numerical simulation on variable-section charge’s detonation, promoting the understand of the reflection wave mechanism and the velocity of detonation product, this can be a practical significance to further improve the charge structure design and realize the efficient utilization of detonation energy.
Finite Element Analysis of Cylindrical Shell with a Circular Cutout Using Combination Model of Solid Element and Shell Element
Authors: Yu Ban Hai , Ma Jian Jun , Liu Yong
Published: October 2015

In this paper, the structure of cylindrical shell with a reinforced circular cutout using combination model of solid element and shell element was analyzed by Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations. Multipoint constraint (MPC) method is mainly used to solve the connection between solid element and shell element when considering the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the model. The combination model of solid and shell element is established in ANSYS, and has been compared to the model of shell element and the model of solid element. The result showed that in the aspects of the stress distribution of the pressure hull near the cutout, buckling behavior of the structure and its instability response, the combination model of solid and shell element was almost equal to the others, it is convincible as well as possessing merits of other models.
Dynamic Response Analysis of Tailings Dam under Seismic Action
Authors: Gong Ai Min , Huang Hai Yan , Zhang Hui Ying
Published: October 2015

A finite element model of tailiings dam was used to analyze the dynamic responses of the stress field, displacement and acceleration of the dam with the dynamic time-history response analysis method in this paper. The time-history curves of different responses were obtained. And an evaluation for dynamic stability of the tailings dam was also discussed. The analysis result shows that this case can provide a certain reference value for the dynamic calculation and the dynamic stability analysis of tailings dam under seismic load.
The Evaluation Research of Fatigue Stress under One-Way Steady Varying Stress
Authors: Yi Xue Ping , Wang Jiu Fa
Published: October 2015

At first, the unidirectional stress fatigue strength has been made the brief description, and the calculation methods about the fatigue stress under two cases also has been introduced, two cases are the symmetrical and asymmetrical cyclic stress fatigue strength. The calculation of fatigue strength is based on the fact that calculating safety factor is equal to or greater than the allowable safety coefficient. Finally, some alloy steel parts are taken as an example to carry on the fatigue strength calculation.
Mechanical Property of Internal Meshing Rotary Compressor
Authors: Huang L. , Jiang Y.L. , Wang Y.
Published: October 2015

The internal-meshing rotary mechanism is widely used in the oil pumps and cyclonical pin wheels application. The working principle of the internal meshing rotary compressor is very different with the current institutions applications. while, the mechanical property method of the internal meshing rotary pump can’t be entirely and directly used in the rotary compressor because of the different working principles. In order to simplify the study of the internal-meshing rotary compressors, the forces acted on the inner and outer gears are computed. The gas force and torque related to the rotating angle are derived, and then compared with other rotary compressors. The result shows that the internal meshing rotary compressor’s mechanical parameters vary periodically and the period is 2π/Z2and this type of compressor has perfect mechanical property compared with other compressors.
Contact Stress and Contact Width Analysis of Corrugated Metal Gasket
Authors: Nurhadiyanto Didik , Haruyama Shigeyuki , Kaminishi Ken , Gatot Karohika I Made , Mujiyono Dan
Published: October 2015

Previous studies on corrugated metal gaskets have established that the contact width, contact stress, and surface roughness are important design parameters for optimizing gasket performance. However, the contact stress and contact width considering the surface roughness when the leakage occur did not defined yet. In this study, we determined the real contact stress and contact width when leakage started on 25A-size metal gasket. The contact width determined through a comparison between simulation and experimental results. The contact stress determined through a simulation analysis. The experiment involves a helium leakage test using new metal gaskets having different surface roughness levels. The result justified that the real contact width and average contact stress when the leakage started occur were 0.195mm and 800MPa, respectively. There is a good agreement for contact width both by simulation and experiment result. The contact width for flange having surface roughness 1.5μm is longest than the others.
Lattice Boltzmann Method for the Simulating Extrudate Swell of Viscoelastic Fluid
Authors: Liu Wen Qin , Li Yong
Published: October 2015

The main objective of this work is to develop a new approach based on the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to simulate the extrudate swell of an Oldroyd B viscoelatic fluid. Two lattice Boltzmann equations are used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations and constitutive equation simultaneously at each time iteration. The single LBM model is used to track the moving interface in this paper. To validate the accuracy and stability of this new scheme, we study the steady 2D Poiseuille flow firstly, finding the numerical results be in good accord with the analytical solution. Then the die-swell phenomenon is solved, we successfully acquire the different swelling state of an Oldroyd B fluid at different time.
Analysis of Packaging Properties of Composite Antibacterial Films by Response Surface Model
Authors: Zhang Yu Ting , Lei Qiao , Zhao Yi Ni , Bao Jian Qiang
Published: October 2015

Four factors with three level Box-Behnken response surface design was employed to investigate the influence of whey protein isolate, sodium caseinate, glycerol and potassium sorbate concentrations in antibacterial films on mechanical properties, optical properties and water solubility. Analysis of variance and regression coefficients of models for responses showed that quadratic models were significant to predict tensile strength, light transmittance, haze and water solubility of the films, whereas elongation at break could be fitted by linear models. Among all the film-forming components, glycerol and sodium caseinate were important factors to affect these packaging properties. Sodium caseinate and glycerol contributed to increasing the elongation at break and light transmittance. With the addition of glycerol, tensile strength decreased, while sodium caseinate increased tensile strength and water solubility of films and decreased haze. Whey protein isolate=6.84g, sodium caseinate=5.11g, glycerol=35.00% and potassium sorbate=1.50g in 200ml film-forming solution would yield the film with tensile strength=9.45MPa, elongation at break=49.44%, light transmittance=65.61%, haze=15.13% and water solubility =56.02% through the optimization study.
Determınatıon of Atomızatıon Characterıstıcs of a Dıesel Injector
Authors: Tuccar Gökhan , Özkan Göktürk Memduh , Aydın Kadir
Published: October 2015

Atomization of liquid fuels is very important topic for combustion studies since it enhances air/ fuel mixing process and therefore ensures perfect combustion. With today’s common diesel injectors, fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber with extremely high pressures which exceed 1300 bar in order to obtain perfect atomization. However, these high injection pressures unfortunately create some problems in the injection system such as cavitation erosion which may lead to mechanical failure. Introducing of air into the injector prior to combustion will increase fuel atomization, provide more complete combustion, enhance fuel economy and results in lower engine emissions. The aim of this study is to investigate atomization behaviour of a newly introduced diesel engine which mixes air and fuel prior to combustion chamber.
ICEs as Part of Mobile Units: Efficiency Improvement
Authors: Pshikhopov Viacheslav , Beresnev Aleksej , Beresnev Maksim
Published: October 2015

Paper considers problem of increase in key indicators of the internal combustion engines which are used as a part of a wide range of mobile objects, including motor transport surface, underwater and aircrafts. Approach to the solution of a problem of development of the optimum form of an intake system of the engine providing increase in filling of cylinders with fuel and air mix and uniform distribution of air on cylinders is offered. Besides, the requirement of symmetry in time that means a need of air intake from a throttle to the inlet valve of each cylinder for identical amount of time is put. The results of computing tests of the developed form of an intake collector confirming compliance to the developed model to the given requirements are presented. Model sample intended for installation on small-capacity atmospheric 4-cylinder IC engine is made on the base of 3d-model. Need of modification of the software of a control system of the engine for achievement of the maximum return at tests of a model sample is proved. Corresponding changes are described, comparison charts of adjusting parameters are given. Experimental stand for carrying out natural tests was assembled and used to get the external high-speed characteristic of the engine when using a regular intake collector and intake collector of the developed form. The results of tests that clearly demonstrate increase in power and a torque of the engine are given.
Device for Detecting the Level of Ionization of the Fuel Mixture in the Cylinder Petrol Engine
Authors: Dittrich Aleš , Laurin Josef , Zvolský Tomáš
Published: October 2015

The paper is focused on the ionization current measurement in the cylinder SI engine during an engine cycle. Briefly describes the problems and lists reference sources, which are several possible ways of measuring the ionization current during the working cycle. Paper also provides information regarding the proposed scheme of measuring devices and mentions functional test equipment.
Numerical Simulation of Thermal Plasma Gasification Process
Authors: Choi Sooseok
Published: October 2015

Numerical analysis of plasma gasification process was carried out base on the combination of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A two stage gasification system which consists of a heater and a plasma rector was used to enhance syngas production in the present work. Nitrogen thermal plasma jet generated by a low power plasma torch was analyzed by a self-developed MHD code, and complex thermal flow field in the plasma reactor was simulated with a commercial CFD code. The accuracy of numerical simulation was confirmed from the comparison between numerical results and experimentally measured data of arc voltage and reactor temperature. From the numerical analysis, a high temperature for the thermal cracking of methane was expected in the upper region of the plasma reactor.
Interfacial Tension Measurement on Sodium Hydroxide Solution as Alkaline Flooding for Light Oil from Thailand
Authors: Saengnil Siwasilp , Maneeintr Kreangkrai
Published: October 2015

Because of an increasing world-energy demand, water-flooding is not the practical technology to produce more oil due to the high interfacial tension or IFT. To achieve this, enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) technique like alkaline-flooding becomes more significant. For alkaline-flooding by sodium hydroxide, in-situ surfactant is created between the alkaline solution and the organic acids in oil to reduce IFT thus making oil flow easily. Consequently, the objective of this research is to investigate the effects of alkaline concentration, brine salinity, temperature and pressure on oil production and to measure the IFT from rising drop method for oil in Thailand. The results show that IFT is reduced from 37 to 0.2 mN/m with the increases of temperature, alkaline concentration and brine salinity. However, pressure has less effect on IFT reduction. The results can be applied to use as pre-flooding approach to reduce IFT along with water-flooding for oil recovery with lower cost.
Thin Film SnO2 and In2O3 Ozone Sensor Design: The Film Parameters Selection
Authors: Korotcenkov G. , Brinzari V. , Cho B.K.
Published: October 2015

In this report it is being discussed approaches for designing the SnO2 and In2O3 ozone sensors based on the film parameters optimization. It was considered the influence of the conditions of the SnO2 and In2O3 films deposition by spray pyrolysis method and the parameters of those films on operating characteristics of ozone sensors. Main factors, controlling operating characteristics of thin film ozone sensors were determined. Recommendations to process of the SnO2 and In2O3 films deposition, promoting an attainment of optimal operating gas sensing properties, were formulated.
Aircraft Fuel Volume Characteristic Calculations and Multi-Sensor Technology on Fuel Volume Measurement Simulation
Authors: Tan Gong Li , Zhu Chun Ling , Shen Ping , Sun Wei Ping , Wu Chuan
Published: October 2015

Owing to the reasons of aircraft attitude error and fuel surface sloshing, the current measurement methods which use the height value of fuel sensor, flight attitude angle and aircraft acceleration information to determine the position of the fuel surface and calculate the fuel volume are inaccurate. This paper applies CATIA secondary development to automatically establish the volume characteristic database which includes various fuel surface angles and height of fuel sensors; A plurality of fuel sensors are arranged reasonably in the fuel tank to ensure that there are at least three sensors immersed in the fuel in each attitude angle, then the fuel surface is determined directly by the measured height of several fuel sensors, and fuel surface parameters are put into a simulation software as input parameters which are designed to measure the fuel volume and calculate the fuel volume in the fuel tank by interpolating. Besides, rotation test platform is designed for aircraft fuel tank with two degrees of freedom to simulate aircraft fuel measurement process. The experimental data can verify the accuracy of multi-sensor fuel measurement system.
A Novel Hybrid Design of Incineration-Gasification for Energy Saving
Authors: Kerdsuwan Somrat , Laohalidanond Krongkaew , Chiyawong Palita
Published: October 2015

Nowadays, Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a crucial problem worldwide where it is created the impact to environment, social as well as health. The non-sanitary landfill is widespread used for waste disposal in the rural area because of its low investment and operation cost. However, it has negative effect on human health and environment. Thermal treatment of MSW by incineration is considered as an option for effective treatment technique due to the fast reduction in mass and volume of MSW. However, with high moisture content in MSW, it is necessary to use auxiliary fuel in order to maintain the high temperature of combustion process and led to the high operating cost, especially for the small scale incinerator without energy recovery. A novel hybrid incineration-gasification can be used in order to overcome this drawback by using a downdraft gasifier with Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) as feedstock to generate the syngas which can be substituted the auxiliary fuel. Hence, this study emphasizes on the development of a novel hybrid incineration-gasification as a cleaner technology to get rid of MSW generated with a destruction capacity of 30 ton per day (TPD). The novel system comprises of a controlled-air incinerator with two combustion chambers, automatic feeding machine and wet scrubber. A 100 kg/hr downdraft gasifier has aim to use RDF from dry fraction of MSW as feedstock to produce syngas to substitute the auxiliary fuel used in the secondary burner of the incinerator in order to maintain the desire its temperature. This cleaner and novel hybrid technology can implement to get rid of MSW properly for energy saving and sustainable development.
The Design of Axial Force Loading Detection System of Surface Drive Unit
Authors: Hou Nan , Han Dao Quan
Published: October 2015

In order to detect the product quality and performance of the surface drive unit, specifically developed for the detection of performance and parameters of the testing station of surface drive unit. This paper describes the load detection system for the axial force of the testing station. The system is controlled by double hydraulic circuits, realize the axial force loading on rotate light pole of surface drive unit by hydraulic cylinder, and the payload which is loaded from 0 to 18 ton stablely and steplessly adjustment.
A Calibration Device and Method to Calibrate the Beam’s Direction of the Point Laser Probe
Authors: Xiong Zhong Xing , Li Feng , Li Bin
Published: October 2015

When using the laser displacement sensor to measure distance, there is a deflection angle which exites between the direction of the laser beam and the direction of axis, this deflection angle has an impact on the final measurement result. This paper presented a calibration method of the laser beam’s direction, designed calibration device and ceramic calibration plate. In the process of calibrating, laser displacement sensor moves along Z-axis and Y-axis of machine, CCD camera takes the image of the spot projected by laser beam on the calibration plate, then calculate the laser beam’s direction based on the movement distance of laser displacement sensor and the spot’s position on calibration plate. Depend on the Mikron five-axis CNC machine tools, this paper describes the whole calibration process in details, the feasibility and accuracy of the method has been verified by experiment. Experimental results show that when the machine tool’s accuracy is within 0.002mm, the calibration error of laser beam’s direction can be controlled within the range of 0.05°.
Application of a Compensation Inspection Method in Geodynamic Monitoring
Authors: Bykov Artem , Kurilov Igor' , Kuzichkin Oleg
Published: October 2015

The paper proves the application of a compensation testing method for geodynamic monitoring when using multi-pole electrical systems. The transfer functions of a geoelectric section are presented as a system of equations, whose coefficients are determined at the initial setup of the measuring system. The block diagram of the compensation method application for geodynamic monitoring based on a multi-pole electrical system is given. Approximation in terms of continuous piecewise-linear functions will be used to distinguish the geodynamic offset vector of the geoelectric section. A system of equations for defining the geodynamic offset vector through the approximation vector by continuous piecewise-linear functions on a recorded geoelectric signal error is considered.
Progressive Trends of Die Casting - Vacuum Treatment of Casting Mold
Authors: Paško Ján , Gašpár Štefan
Published: October 2015

In these days in foundry branch there is a rapid development of sectors of special casting technology with the aim to increase the quality and the efficiency of pressure casting production. Internal homogeneity of pressure casting, characterized by the extent of porosity can be affected by the setup of technological parameters of pressure casting and last but not least by vacuuming the moulds, that means to exhaust air and gases from the mould cavity. Contribution is specifically aimed on the analysing the impact of degassing pressure moulds on the porosity of pressure casting from EN AC43400 Alloy.
Diffusion Niobizing of Titanium Grade 2 by Gas-Contact Method
Authors: Bartkowski Dariusz , Mlynarczak Andrzej , Piasecki Adam , Matysiak Waldemar , Hatala Michal , Michalik Peter
Published: October 2015

The work presents results of diffusion niobizing of titanium Grade 2 by gas-contact method. Microhardness, thickness, chemical composition and microstructure were investigation. Diffusion processes was carried out in a two powder mixture. First consisted of ferro-niobium, kaolin and ammonium chloride, second mixture contained pure niobium instead ferro-niobium. The processes were carried out at 950°C, 1000°C and 1050°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours. Due to the geometric surface structure quality and other properties like thickness or microhardness, the best diffusion layer was obtained using first powder mixture and following parameters: temperature 950°C and time of diffusion equal 2 hours. The diffusion layer established in these conditions, had structure of niobium solution in titanium, and niobium content of about 10%. Its hardness was 550 HV0.05 while thickness was 120 μm.
Factors Influencing Hydroerosion Surface Topography
Authors: Kmec Ján , Pavlenko Slavko , Bicejova Luba
Published: October 2015

The automation of hydroerosion manufacturing processes comes to increase the demands on engineering works in the preparation of production, at shortening of deadlines for implementation of scientific knowledge into practice, at the design of production processes and at the economization in production processes. This process is associated with extensive utilisation of mathematical methods, using of computational procedures for specific tasks and at the utilisation of methodology of mathematics for methods of formulating solutions. During the solving of problem, there is mostly used: operational analysis, set theory, theory of structures, theory of algorithms and languages.
Measuring, Processing and Evaluating of Technology Head Water Jet Vibration Signal
Authors: Bicejova Luba , Pavlenko Slavko , Mascenik Jozef
Published: October 2015

The submitted paper presents a technical system for vibration measuring, processing and evaluating The technical system is presented as a part of a survey which main goal was to find out an influence of working conditions on creation and extend of vibration within production systems. The work introduces a demonstrational example of measured, processed and evaluated data of an experiment where parametres of vibrations, which were created due to water jet technological head parametres changes, were scanned.
Analysis of the Effects of Factors in Relation to Vibration of Technological Head during the Splitting of Construction Steels through Hydro-Abrasive Splitting
Authors: Salokyová Štefánia , Krenický Tibor
Published: October 2015

The article is focused on the evaluation of the effects of factors of the high-speed hydro-abrasive stream technology during the splitting of construction steels 12 050 and 11 523 through a factor experiment. The experiment examined the effect and significance of two selected factors (type of material and movement speed of the technological head). Measured results are depicted through graphic and numerical relations, based on which new knowledge and recommendations for operators is formulated.
Determination of Optimal Combination of Technological Parametres during AWJ Technology Material Cutting by Means of Created Database Programme
Authors: Bicejova Luba , Pavlenko Slavko
Published: October 2015

The paper presents a database programme which was created on the base of the search focused on working condition impact to generating and extend of vibrations at AWJ technology production systems. The database programme serves for less complicated, but mainly quicker and more effective searching of an optimal combination of technological parametres to get minimal values of vibration parametres during AWJ technology selected materials cutting. The work presents a thematically integrated part of a dissertation.
Compacting Technologies of Polyethyleneterephtalate Bottle
Authors: Müller Miroslav , Ružbarský Juraj , Valášek Petr , Hrabě Petr
Published: October 2015

The waste production is increasing owing to an economical development of the society. In the area of a communal sphere they are namely PET (polyethyleneterephtalate) bottles. The research aim was to evaluate methods of compacting the drinking PET packaging. The plastic drinking packaging waste is distinguished for its dominant representation. Owing to its construction it takes up a front place in low efficiency of a storing and transporting space comparing with a material yield. The efficient compacting of the drinking packaging leads to solving a problem with often fulled up containers. The volume decreasing by means of the compacting of the packaging waste can be done in a few ways. A basic sortion is a manual pressing without the press, second way is using the mechanical presses. A low efficiency of the packaging materials is one of essential problems from the sustainable progress of human society point of view. Statistical methods were used for evaluating results and deducing conclusions. The most often used PET drinking packaging (the volume 0.5 l, 1.5 l and 2.0 l) was evaluated. The volume of the bottle before compacting and after it was set on the base of a level uplift in a calibrated laboratory tub coming from the Archimedes´s law. Experiment results showed that an effective compacting rate was reached by a manual press
Study of Tool Electrode Wear in EDM Process
Authors: Straka Ľuboslav , Hašová Slavomíra
Published: October 2015

Technology of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) uses thermal energy in material removal, in which is the electrical energy transformed, generated between the electrodes (tool and workpiece). The material removal occurs through the rapid periodic repetitive electrical discharges in the presence of dielectric fluid. By the action of electrical discharges occurs to decline not only particles of a metal workpiece material, but also to decline in a certain proportion of metal particles in tool electrode. The paper deals with the diagnosis the size of the electrode wear of tools made from copper and graphite used in EDM machining.