bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MACROCOMPONENT COMPOSITION AND GENESIS OF PORE SOLUTIONS IN HYDROTHERMAL CLAYS OF THE PAUZHETKA GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM (southern Kamchatka)
Authors: Rychagov S.N. , Sergeeva A.V. , Kravchenko O.V. , Kuz’mina A.A.
Published: January 2025

We have studied the macrocomponent composition of pore solutions in hydrothermal clays forming extended thick strata in the thermal fields of the Pauzhetka geothermal system. Two zones have been identified in the vertical sections of the clay strata, which differ in the physicochemical parameters, composition, and formation conditions of pore solutions. It is shown that the pH of the solutions plays a crucial role in the change of their macrocomponent composition with depth. The conclusion is drawn that the pore solutions resulted from the direct impact of deep-level infiltrating thermal waters on the matrix of hydrothermal clays, which led to the redistribution of elements between the rock and the contact solution. Along with the general regularities, we have established significantly different conditions of formation of pore solutions in the Upper Pauzhetka and East Pauzhetka thermal fields, which is due to the different geologic positions and hydrogeochemical regimes of these fields.
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF ROCKS OF THE MIDDLE MEMBER OF THE VENDIAN KHARAYUTEKH FORMATION (Chekurovka Anticline, northeastern framing of the Siberian Platform)
Authors: Melnik D.S. , Parfenova T.M.
Published: January 2025

The results of a geochemical study of rocks and dispersed organic matter (OM) of the middle member of the Vendian Kharayutekh Formation of the Chekurovka Anticline (Kharaulakh anticlinorium of the Verkhoyansk fold-and-thrust belt) close to the Siberian Platform border are presented. Its rocks are found to be unevenly enriched with OM, the maximum present organic carbon content (Corg) reaches 2.6%. The composition and distribution of chemofossils in saturated and aromatic bitumen fractions were studied using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The distributions of alkanes, steranes, terpanes, dibenzothiophenes, and aromatic steroids as well as light isotopic composition of Corg indicate a bacterial-algal origin of OM. Rocks of the middle member of the Kharayutekh Formation originally possessed a high generative potential. Analysis of pyrograms, bitumen characteristics, and the distributions of phenanthrenes and dibenzothiophenes allowed assessing the regional catagenesis of the OM in Vendian deposits in this area corresponding to the early dry gas «window». It was established that the studied bitumens are classified as residual and bare evidence of autochthonous and paraautochthonous origins, with biodegraded hydrocarbons. The study demonstrates the local effect of magmatism on the content and composition of bitumens in the near-contact zone of the section. Intrusion of a thick diabase sill resulted in depletion of generative potential of these rocks in the upper part of the section already in the Cambrian period. The considered information gives us more grounds to assume that accumulations of highly viscous heavy oils and solid bitumens, genetically related to the OM of the middle member of the Kharayutekh Formation, might be expected in the Vendian and Cambrian carbonate and terrigenous reservoirs in the north of the Verkhoyansk Trough. The preservation of gas and gas condensate accumulations is unlikely to be good.
Do dictionary definitions support seventh graders' acquisition of word meaning while reading?
Authors: Hodson Julia , Markwalder Ursina
Published: January 2025

Looking up unknown words in a dictionary while reading is a common recommendation at school. However, little is known about the effects of dictionary use on the acquisition of word meaning while reading in the language of instruction. This study investigated whether students acquire the meaning of unknown words by using a dictionary while reading. The aim was also to explore whether students´ knowledge of the target words differ regarding the dictionary used (print or electronic dictionary). We conducted an experiment in which seventh-grade students in Germany (N = 153) were asked to read a text in the language of instruction (German) and look up twelve target words in a dictionary. Subjects were assigned to three treatment conditions (Kindle/integrated electronic dictionary, Duden/print dictionary, control/no dictionary). Knowledge of the target words was tested by means of a vocabulary test twice (one after reading the text and one 14 days later). Best fitting models were calculated using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). For the first vocabulary test, results showed a significant effect of treatment condition. However, contrasts revealed a significant difference only between the Kindle group and the Duden group and between the Kindle group and the control group. No differences between groups could be found for the second vocabulary test. The results support the use of dictionary definitions for the acquisition of word meanings while reading on electronic reading devices.
Investigación cualitativa. Claves para estudiantes universitarios
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Pulido Varon Heidi Smith , Quintero Arango Luis Fernando ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Gutiérrez Avendaño Jairo ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
Published: January 2025

Este libro de formación, de la Colección Momentos para la Ciencia, ofrece una introducción clara y práctica a la investigación cualitativa, orientada a quienes desean explorar fenómenos desde una perspectiva que reconoce la participación de tramas intersubjetivas en la construcción social de la realidad. Se destacan los fundamentos del enfoque cualitativo, su relevancia para captar la vida cotidiana y su aplicación en diversas disciplinas. Además, presenta métodos clave como la etnografía, la fenomenología y la hermenéutica, junto con herramientas de recolección de datos como entrevistas y grupos focales. Finalmente, ofrece una aproximación al análisis de la información cualitativa detallando los procesos claves para la misma. Las ideas centrales se refuerzan a lo largo del texto mediante esquemas visuales, glosarios y recordatorios que invitan a una reflexión crítica constante. En conjunto, el libro se convierte en un recurso esencial para estudiantes y profesionales que buscan aproximarse al estudio y análisis de la realidad social de manera rigurosa y sencilla.
Apología de lo extraño. Una aproximación desde Bernhard Waldenfels
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Viveros Chavarría Edison Francisco
Published: January 2025

La ambivalencia del concepto de lo extraño se muestra para Waldenfels a través de las diversas denominaciones que se le ha otorgado, por ejemplo: el extraño, la extraña, el territorio extranjero, la lengua extranjera, el extrañar o ser tímido frente a lo extraño, la alienación y el extrañamiento o el distanciamiento. Este filósofo expone también la inquietud por los matices semánticos que puede tener lo extraño. Primero, lo que surge por fuera del ámbito propio, como si lo exterior fuera opuesto a lo interior. Segundo, lo que puede pertenecer a los demás en contraste con lo propio. Tercero, lo que es de un género diferente y, por lo tanto, inquieta, intranquiliza, confronta lo familiar y aquello en lo que se deposita confianza. Siguiendo esta idea, el propósito del presente libro es analizar el concepto de fenomenología de lo extraño de Bernhard Waldenfels como génesis de la otredad. Concretamente, se buscó exponer la noción de fenomenología de lo extraño en Waldenfels, relacionarla con la de la otredad y mostrar la primera como origen de la segunda.
Formación docente en investigación cualitativa: relatos y reflexiones
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Gómez Palacio Yuliana Andrea , Florián Morales Aura María ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Agudelo Torres Luz Mary ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Sánchez Sánchez Vanessa Alejandra ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Quintero Arango Luis Fernando ,   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
Published: January 2025

La obra Formación docente en investigación cualitativa: Relatos y reflexiones ofrece un acercamiento a la experiencia derivada del curso enfocado en la formación de docentes que se apropiaron de la exploración de la investigación desde el mundo social. Esta compilación invita a conocer las narrativas que los autores plasmaron, luego de haber tenido la oportunidad de participar en el curso y lograr un mirada reflexiva desde el contexto investigativo; cada autor aporta una autorreflexión desde la investigación cualitativa, donde lo transdisciplinar trasciende y permite tener la sensibilidad y el rigor académico necesarios dentro del mundo de la investigación social. Así, el texto es un espacio para que los lectores en general, comprendan la importancia de la investigación desde el enfoque cualitativo.
Digital Footprint as a Source of Big Data in Education
Authors: Shamsutdinova T. M.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to consider the prospects and problems of using big data in education.

Materials and methods. The research methods include analysis, systematization and structuring of information in the field of big data application in education, as well as modeling and software implementation of a test model for processing big data by using the Apache Spark framework.

Results. The article considers the key aspects of using big data in education. In particular, the sources of big data in the form of a digital footprint of learning, methods of analysis and areas of application of big data are considered. At the same time, the following sources of big data in education were identified: electronic educational environment and electronic library of the university; mobile applications for learning; university website; social networks and forums; feedback data, requests and surveys; personal data, including psychometric characteristics of students; data from scientific smart laboratories; data from video surveillance and access control systems; data on the career path and success of graduates. The use of big data in education includes the following points: personalization of e-learning, issuance of personalized recommendations; data analytics; assessment and feedback; predicting student success; monitoring the quality of education; creation of a learner model; development of curricula based on employer requests; development of new educational programs; emergence of new learning models; improvement of university management processes; improvement of the work of the admissions office; modernization of software and hardware teaching aids; optimization of the teaching staff. The following problems are considered as problems of using big data in education: protection of personal data, the need for new methodologies and technologies for analyzing big data, the need for significant modernization of the technical means available in the education system, the need for qualified personnel. The article also provides a test example of analyzing a log file (event log) of an e-course using Spark SQL big data processing technologies. The example shows the potential and practical applicability of big data processing technologies to the tasks of analyzing the digital footprint of learning.

Conclusion. Big data in education can provide unique opportunities for analyzing and optimizing the educational process, helping to identify trends, predict student success and adapt educational programs to the individual needs of students. However, the use of big data in the educational sphere also implies certain risks and challenges related to ethical aspects, protection of personal data and the need for personnel modernization of the existing education system. For the successful integration of data analytics into educational practice, it is necessary to develop not only technical resources, but also the level of digital security and ethics in the use of personal data.
Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: A Case Report
Authors: Ozsoy Mehmet Sait , Eren Tunc , Karatas Celal , Baysal Hakan , Cobanoglu Simsek Bengu , Ekinci Ozgur , Alimoglu Orhan
Published: January 2025

Background. Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare thyroid gland malignancy. In addition to airway compression symptoms and signs, which are the most common clinical findings, PTL may present with hypothyroidism or B symptoms of lymphoma, including night sweats, weight loss, and fever. Hashimoto thyroiditis is considered a significant risk factor and the most important underlying cause of PTL. Treatment options for PTL include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. In this study, we present a patient who exhibited airway compression symptoms and was treated via total thyroidectomy.
Case Report. A 62-year-old woman presented with complaints of weakness and fatigue lasting for approximately four years. The thyroid gland appeared enlarged on inspection and firm on palpation. The patient was diagnosed with hypothyroidism, characterized by elevated autoimmune antibody levels. Ultrasound imaging revealed thyroid enlargement with parenchymal heterogeneity. Despite achieving euthyroidism through thyroid hormone replacement therapy, thyroid enlargement and ultrasound features persisted during follow-up, accompanied by ongoing complaints of neck pain and redness. On magnetic resonance imaging, the thyroid gland appeared markedly enlarged with abnormal superior and inferior extensions. Due to the rapid, diffuse growth of the goitre, the patient underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy. She was discharged on the first postoperative day after an uneventful recovery. In her postoperative first-week follow-up, she reported no complaints and was doing well. Following the histopathological diagnosis of B-cell marginal zone lymphoma, the patient was referred to the Department of Hematology, and a close follow-up was arranged. At her postoperative ninth-month follow-up, she remains asymptomatic and recurrence-free.
Conclusions. Thyroid lymphoma can present with rapid growth in the thyroid gland. In addition to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, surgery may be indicated in cases with symptoms and signs of airway compression.
COVID-19 Milieu and Its Psychological Effects on the Environmental Performance
Authors: Abdelwahed Nadia A. Abdelmegeed , Al Doghan Mohammed A. , Soomro Bahadur Ali
Published: January 2025

COVID-19 brought significant challenges that have ruined almost all segments of the economy and the environment. The present paper explores the COVID-19 milieu and its impacts the environmental performance (EP). We targeted managers of the Small and Medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of Saudi Arabia to get online responses. Using the path analysis, the findings reveal a significant negative effect of the factors such as perception of COVID-19 (PoCVD), innovation capability (IC), environmental concern (EC) and the fear of COVID-19 (FoCVD) on EP. The study's findings would draw policymakers' and planners' attention to the need to enhance EP in light of the COVID-19 waves. Lastly, the study results would add to the literature on COVID-19, management and environmental science.
Recent Developments in Synthesis Techniques and Microwave Absorption Performance of Materials Based on Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) with Metal Oxides: A Review
Authors: Sani Yusuf , Azis Raba’ah Syahidah , Ismail Ismayadi , Yaakob Yazid , Kien Chen Soo , Kechik Mohd Mustafa Awang , Pah Lim Kean
Published: January 2025

The widespread usage of various wireless equipment in many facets of life has significantly contributed to the serious pollution caused by electromagnetic radiation. Thankfully, scientists have created materials that can absorb microwave radiation and convert dangerous electromagnetic waves into other forms of energy, including heat energy. Many investigations regarding the development of materials that absorb microwaves with different constituents, morphologies, and architectures have been published recently. Microwave-absorbing materials (MAMs) are becoming more and more popular for use in a variety of aviation applications, including EMI prevention, information security, and reducing the risks of electromagnetic radiation to human health. Molybdenum di-sulphide (MoS2) is a transition metal sulphide extensively employed as a microwave absorption material (MAM) owing to its superior structural and physicochemical qualities. Because of its many flaws, huge specific surface area, and semiconductor qualities, MoS2 exhibits exceptional microwave loss properties. Using a number of various designs, MoS2 may efficiently boost the absorption and dispersion of microwaves inside the absorber. This study introduces the structure, characteristics, and synthesis method based on MoS2 material. The effectiveness of MoS2-based MAMs has been evaluated and analyzed in detail at the moment. Furthermore, the key problems and development challenges are examined, and the most recent advancements in MoS2-based MAMs are impartially assessed and discussed. As a result, it is anticipated that MoS2-based composites would provide excellent choices for very thin and light MAMs.
Benefits of Remote-Based Mindfulness on Physical Symptom Outcomes in Cancer Survivors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Komariah Maria , Maulana Sidik , Amirah Shakira , Platini Hesti , Rahayuwati Laili , Yusuf Ah , Firdaus Mohd Khairul Zul Hasymi
Published: January 2025

Background

Many cancer survivors experience a wide range of symptoms closely linked to psychological problems, highlighting the need for psychological treatment, one of the most popular being mindfulness. The use of the internet has greatly increased in the last decade, and has encouraged the use of remote-based interventions to help people living with cancer access treatment remotely via devices.

Objective

The primary aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of internet-based mindfulness interventions on the physical symptoms of people living with cancer, where physical symptoms are defined as distressing somatic experiences (eg fatigue, insomnia, and pain) regardless of the underlying cause. The secondary aim was to investigate interventions for the quality of life (QoL).

Methods

This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant articles were systematically searched using electronic databases, namely Scopus, Medline through PubMed, Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) through EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Central Database. Randomized controlled and pilot trials involving adults and/or older adults with cancer and using remote-based mindfulness interventions compared to usual care were included. The quality of the trials included in this study was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias, version 2.0. This study estimated the standardized mean difference (SMD) and mean difference (MD) with 95% CI. The I2 test was used to identify potential causes of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using contour-enhanced funnel plots and the Egger linear regression test to reveal a small study effect.

Results

The initial search yielded 1985 records, of which 13 studies were ultimately included. After treatment, remote-based mindfulness significantly reduced fatigue (SMD −0.94; 95% CI: −1.56 to −0.33; P=.002), sleep disturbance (SMD −0.36; 95% CI: −0.60 to −0.12; P=.004), and improved physical function (SMD .25; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.41; P=.002) compared to that observed before treatment. However, compared with usual care, remote-based mindfulness showed a statistically significant reduction only in sleep disturbance (SMD: −0.37; 95% CI: −0.58 to −0.16; P=.0006) after treatment. Moreover, remote-based mindfulness was not statistically significant in reducing pain both within and between groups.

Conclusions

Remote-based mindfulness shows promise in reducing sleep disturbances; however, its impact on fatigue, pain, and physical function may be limited.
Public Understanding and Expectations of Digital Health Evidence Generation: Focus Group Study
Authors: Bondaronek Paulina , Li Jingfeng , Potts Henry W W
Published: January 2025

Background

The rapid proliferation of health apps has not been matched by a comparable growth in scientific evaluations of their effectiveness, particularly for apps available to the public. This gap has prompted ongoing debate about the types of evidence necessary to validate health apps, especially as the perceived risk level varies from wellness tools to diagnostic aids. The perspectives of the general public, who are direct stakeholders, are notably underrepresented in discussions on digital health evidence generation.

Objective

This study aimed to explore public understanding and expectations regarding the evidence required to demonstrate health apps’ effectiveness, including at varying levels of health risk.

Methods

A total of 4 focus group discussions were held with UK residents aged 18 years and older, recruited through targeted advertisements to ensure demographic diversity. Participants discussed their views on evidence requirements for 5 hypothetical health apps, ranging from low-risk wellness apps to high-risk diagnostic tools. Focus groups were moderated using a structured guide, and data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis to extract common themes.

Results

A total of 5 key themes were established: personal needs, app functionality, social approval, expectations of testing, and authority. Participants relied on personal experiences and social endorsements when judging the effectiveness of low-risk digital health interventions, while making minimal reference to traditional scientific evidence. However, as the perceived risk of an app increased, there was a noticeable shift toward preferring evidence from authoritative sources, such as government or National Health Service endorsements.

Conclusions

The public have a preference for evidence that resonates on a personal level, but also show a heightened demand for authoritative guidance as the potential risk of digital health interventions increases. These perspectives should guide developers, regulators, and policy makers as they balance how to achieve innovation, safety, and public trust in the digital health landscape. Engaging the public in evidence-generation processes and ensuring transparency in app functionality and testing can bridge the gap between public expectations and regulatory standards, fostering trust in digital health technologies.
Characterizing Telehealth Barriers and Preferences to Promote Acceptable Implementation Strategies in Central Uganda: Multilevel Formative Evaluation
Authors: Kizito Michael , Mugabi Erina Nabunjo , Ford Sabrina , Holtz Bree , Hirko Kelly
Published: January 2025

Background

Telehealth approaches can address health care access barriers and improve care delivery in resource-limited settings around the globe. Yet, telehealth adoption in Africa has been limited, due in part to an insufficient understanding of effective strategies for implementation.

Objective

This study aimed to conduct a multi-level formative evaluation identifying barriers and facilitators for implementing telehealth among health service providers and patients in Central Uganda.

Methods

We collected surveys characterizing telehealth perceptions, barriers, and preferences from health care providers and patients seeking primary care in the Central Region of Uganda from January 2022 to July 2022. Survey development was informed by the technology acceptance model and evaluated predictors of technology acceptance (ie, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and attitudes). We used descriptive statistics to characterize telehealth perceptions and examined differences according to provider and patient characteristics using Student t tests.

Results

Nearly 79% (n=48) of 61 providers surveyed had used telehealth, and perceptions were generally favorable. While 93.4% (n=57) reported that telehealth adds value to clinical practice, less than half (n=30, 49.2%) felt telehealth was more efficient than in-person visits. Provider-reported barriers to telehealth included technology challenges for the patient (34/132, 26%), low patient engagement (25/132, 19%), and lack of implementation support (24/132, 18%). Telehealth use was lower among the 91 surveyed patients, with only 19.8% (n=18) having used telehealth. Although 89% (n=81) of patients reported saving time with telehealth approaches, 33.3% (n=30) of patients reported that telehealth made them feel uncomfortable, and 43.8% (n=39) reported concerns about confidentiality. Over 72% (n=66) of patients who had used telehealth previously reported satisfaction with the telehealth services they received. Several differences in perceptions of telehealth according to patient’s self-reported health status were observed.

Conclusions

Perceptions of telehealth were generally favorable, although higher among providers than patients. Barriers impeding telehealth use include technology challenges and the lack of infrastructure and implementation support. Findings from this study can inform the implementation of acceptable telehealth approaches to address disparities propagated by health care access barriers in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The Impact of Data Control and Delayed Discounting on the Public’s Willingness to Share Different Types of Health Care Data: Empirical Study
Authors: Wei Dongle , Gao Pan , Zhai Yunkai
Published: January 2025

Background

Health data typically include patient-generated data and clinical medical data. Different types of data contribute to disease prevention, precision medicine, and the overall improvement of health care. With the introduction of regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), individuals play a key role in the sharing and application of personal health data.

Objective

This study aims to explore the impact of different types of health data on users’ willingness to share. Additionally, it analyzes the effect of data control and delay discounting rate on this process.

Methods

The results of a web-based survey were analyzed to examine individuals’ perceptions of sharing different types of health data and how data control and delay discounting rates influenced their decisions. We recruited participants for our study through the web-based platform “Wenjuanxing.” After screening, we obtained 257 valid responses. Regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of data control, delayed discounting, and mental accounting on the public’s willingness to share different types of health care data.

Results

Our findings indicate that the type of health data does not significantly affect the perceived benefits of data sharing. Instead, it negatively influences willingness to share by indirectly affecting data acquisition costs and perceived risks. Our results also show that data control reduces the perceived risks associated with sharing, while higher delay discounting rates lead to an overestimation of data acquisition costs and perceived risks.

Conclusions

Individuals’ willingness to share data is primarily influenced by costs. To promote the acquisition and development of personal health data, stakeholders should strengthen individuals’ control over their data or provide direct short-term incentives.
Detecting, Characterizing and Mitigating Implicit and Explicit Racial Biases in Healthcare Datasets with Subgroup Learnability (Preprint)
Authors: Gulamali Faris , Sawant Ashwin , Liharska Lora , Horowitz Carol , Chan Lili , Hofer Ira , Singh Karandeep , Richardson Lynne , Mensah Emmanuel , Charney Alexander , Reich David , Hu Jianying , Nadkarni Girish
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The growing adoption of diagnostic and prognostic algorithms in healthcare has led to concerns about the perpetuation of algorithmic bias against disadvantaged groups of individuals. Deep learning methods to detect and mitigate bias have revolved around modifying models, optimization strategies, and threshold calibration with varying levels of success and tradeoffs. However, there have been limited substantive efforts to address bias at the level of the data used to generate algorithms in healthcare datasets.

OBJECTIVE

We create a simple metric (AEquity) that utilizes a learning curve approximation to distinguish and mitigate bias via guided dataset collection or relabeling.

METHODS

We demonstrate this metric in two well-known examples: chest X-rays and healthcare cost utilization, and detect novel biases in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

RESULTS

We demonstrate that utilizing AEquity to guide data-centric collection for each diagnostic finding in the chest radiograph dataset decreased bias by between 29% and 96.5% when measured by differences in area-under-the-curve. When we examined Black patients on Medicaid, at the intersection of race and socioeconomic status, we found that AEquity-based interventions reduced bias across a number of different fairness metrics including overall false negative rate by 33.3% (Bias Reduction Absolute = 1.88 x 10-1; 95% CI (1.4x10-1, 2.5x10-1); Bias Reduction (%) 33.3% (95% CI, 26.6-40.0)), Precision Bias by 7.50x10-2; 95% CI (7.48x10-2, 7.51x10-2); Bias Reduction (%) 94.6% (95% CI, 94.5-94.7%); False Discovery Rate by 94.5% (Absolute Bias Reduction = 3.50x10-2; 95% CI: (3.49x10-2, 3.50x10-2). Similarly, AEquity-guided data collection demonstrates bias reduction of up to 80% on mortality prediction with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Bias Reduction Absolute = 0.08; 95% CI (0.07, 0.09)). Additionally, we benchmark against balanced empirical risk minimization and calibration and we show that AEquity-guided data collection outperforms both standard approaches. Moreover, we demonstrate that AEquity works on fully connected networks, convolutional neural networks such as ResNet-50, transformer architectures such as on VIT-B-16, an 86 million parameter Vision Transformer, and nonparametric methods such as LightGBM

CONCLUSIONS

In short, we demonstrate AEquity is a robust tool by applying it to different datasets and algorithms, intersectional analyses and measuring its effectiveness with respect to a range of traditional fairness metrics.
Evaluación de encadenamientos de la economía de la región del Biobío mediante una matriz insumo producto simétrica a precios básicos, año 2018
Authors: Pino Arriagada Osvaldo , Escobar Santibáñez Gustavo
Published: January 2025

La base para preparar los multiplicadores interindustriales de la región del Biobío es la Matriz Insumo-Producto (MIP) simétrica regional a precios básicos de 2018, construida mediante un enfoque híbrido que combina registros de producción regionales y técnicas de localización. Esta metodología permite analizar los flujos propios de la región de interés. El estudio aplica el enfoque de Hirschman y la técnica de Rasmussen a una matriz simétrica de 19x19 basada en tecnología de actividad para evaluar los encadenamientos sectoriales. Al evaluar los multiplicadores y encadenamientos sectoriales, se descubre que el sector “construcción” requiere un mayor estimulo por parte de los requerimientos regionales y se confirma que el tejido económico regional está desarrollado en torno a la industria manufacturera.
Impacto de la evaluación de competencias laborales estándar EC0436. El caso de operadores de camión, en minas de cielo abierto
Authors: Suárez Gracida Héctor Guillermo , Sandoval Godoy Sergio Alfonso
Published: January 2025

El artículo examina la efectividad de la evaluación en el estándar de competencia EC0436 "acarreo de mineral y tepetate con camión fuera de carretera”, como herramienta para mejorar las competencias laborales de los trabajadores. Con una muestra de 77 operadores de camión, se estudiaron las competencias antes y después del proceso de evaluación en base a la metodología y estándar del Sistema Nacional de Competencias en México. Empleando la prueba de signos de Wilcoxon y regresión Bayesiana, se determinaron mejoras significativas en desempeños, conocimientos y actitudes, al realizar la evaluación en el estándar EC0436, concluyendo que representa una herramienta efectiva para mejorar el nivel de competencias, así como un modelo de medición y predicción sistemática del desarrollo de capital humano.
20 años después: Retorno sobre el marketing y su vigencia como herramienta para evaluar las estrategias del futuro
Authors: Castillo-Alarcón Rony
Published: January 2025

Contribuir con un análisis de las potencialidades del artículo seminal “Retorno sobre el Marketing: Usando el Patrimonio de Clientes para enfocar las Estrategias” en el aniversario N°20 de su publicación y brindar una guía sobre su refinamiento y gestión para medir el valor de vida de clientes y el desempeño de las firmas, en un entorno actual de alta competitividad y de creciente complejidad. A través de un ensayo basado en una revisión sistemática de la literatura con técnicas bibliométricas en Web of Science y Scopus, desde el 2004 a la fecha, en sus resultados se proponen oportunidades de mejora para los desafíos presentes de esta evaluación de desempeño desde el prisma del Marketing Science Institute para el 2024.
Gestión de competencias laborales como herramienta para reducir los costos de las organizaciones
Authors: Rodeles Coronado Alyth Ximena , Suárez Gracida Héctor Guillermo
Published: January 2025

En un entorno global altamente competitivo, las empresas buscan aumentar la rentabilidad principalmente mediante la reducción de costos y mejorando la productividad, siendo esta última donde el desarrollo del talento humano se vuelve esencial. El presente artículo, mediante revisión sistemática de estudios recientes sobre el tema, analiza los casos que utilizaron la gestión de competencias laborales como herramienta para mejor la productividad y alcanzar la reducción de costos. Como resultado se presentan conclusiones de exploración, que indican que la gestión de competencias contribuye a la reducción de costos mediante disminución de errores, accidentes laborales y desperdicio de recursos, encontrando diferentes modelos que sustenta los resultados positivos en diferentes sectores productivos.
Los inicios de la minería del carbón: Colcura
Authors: Cartes-Montory Armando
Published: January 2025

La explotación del carbón de piedra en las bahías de Concepción y Arauco, en el siglo XIX, fue fundamental para la transición capitalista de la economía chilena. El inicio de la actividad extractiva coincide con la creación de la Provincia de Arauco y la llegada de Matías Cousiño a la industria del carbón en Lota. Fue en la década previa, no obstante, en la localidad de Colcura donde se iniciaron las transformaciones que determinaron el destino de la región costera.
La evolución de Colcura anticipó lo que ocurrió después en muchos lugares de Arauco: auge industrial y minero, transformación radical del espacio y, en varios casos, abandono y desolación. Hoy plantea un desafío de recuperación ecológica y revalorización patrimonial.
LEGAL CERTAINTY OF LAND GRANTS OF EX-USE RIGHTS ACCORDING TO LAW NUMBER 5 OF 1960 AND THE THEORY OF MILK AL-DAULAH
Authors: Sri Deviana Siska  , Nurdin Bakri  , Safira Mustaqilla
Published: January 2025

This study examines the legal uncertainty regarding the management of land previously under the Right to Cultivate (HGU) granted to PT Cemerlang Abadi in Babahrot District, Aceh, which presents a significant issue. Although the land has been utilised by around a thousand households for agricultural purposes, the government has not provided official certificates as legal proof of ownership. The slow administrative process and land redistribution by the Aceh government and the Southwest Aceh District Government contradict the principle of legal certainty as stipulated in Law No. 5 of 1960 on Basic Agrarian Regulations (UUPA). From an Islamic legal perspective, the land in question is a public asset that must be managed for the welfare of the people. This uncertainty poses potential social, economic, and legal risks, including future disputes. Therefore, concrete steps are needed, such as expediting data collection, issuing certificates, and providing legal education to the public. Addressing this issue would reflect social justice and the government's commitment to implementing fair and sustainable agrarian principles.
Mapping the Landscape of Green Investment Research
Authors: K. M. Mohammed Radeef  , G. Velmurugan
Published: January 2025

This study examines the evolution and current state of green investment research through bibliometric analysis and a systematic review. A bibliometric analysis can examine the intellectual landscape of this field including publication trends, leading countries and institutions, collaboration patterns, and key themes. Green investment research has grown significantly since the year 2014 with China leading in publication and citations. Strong international collaborations were observed, particularly between China, United States and United Kingdom. The analysis also highlights the central themes of Green Investment, Sustainable Investment, and Sustainability, along with the increasing prominence of areas like Green Finance, ESG, and Green Bonds. To get a better understanding of this rapidly evolving topic, a thorough review of the 25 most cited papers is done. This review focuses on green investment drivers and obstacles. This study gives an overview of green investment research and the interplay of enabling and constraining variables, with implications for investors, policymakers, and businesses, seeking a more sustainable future.
Hubungan Kekerabatan Antara Bahasa Jawa dengan Bahasa Sasak: Kajian Linguistik Historis Komparatif
Authors: Puspaningrum Renda Adi , Saddhono Kundharu
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripskan hubungan kekerabatan antara bahasa Jawa dengan bahasa Sasak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur yang memuat kosa kata dasar Morris Swadesh bahasa Jawa dan bahasa Sasak. Sumber data penelitian adalah 200 kosa kata dasar Morris Swadesh bahasa Jawa dan bahasa Sasak. Analisis data kosa kata dasar Morris Swadesh dengan menggunakan rumus Crowle. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan antara bahasa Jawa dan bahasa Sasak memiliki tingkat kekerabatan sebesar 18% dengan rincian 1) 13 pasangan identik; 2) 8 pasangan korespondensi fonemik; 3) 15 pasangan satu fonem berbeda.
Analisis Tujuan Membaca Mahasiswa Semester 1 Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Dewi , Fauzan Iqbal Husni , ZA Mahmudah Fitriyah
Published: January 2025

The research aims to analyze reading interest, as well as what interests require first semester students majoring in Indonesian Language and Literature Education to read. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method, which focuses on problems based on facts that are carried out by observing or observing. As for data collection, it was carried out using a questionnaire which was then filled in by 1st semester PBSI students, after the data was collected, the researchers analyzed the data. From the results of data analysis, the average interest in reading of 1st semester PBSI students is around 75%-80%. In fostering interest in reading, someone must expect something from what is read, one of which is someone's purpose for reading. For this reason, in the variation of reading purposes, the majority of students (37.5%) have the purpose of reading to find information about a term or obtain information compared to other variations of reading purposes. By reading they can achieve what they want to achieve after reading, students have hopes of obtaining information to increase insight. Reading is also expected to foster inspiration, increase creativity, and provide new input related to new topics that need to be learned, besides that reading can also be a means of entertainment.
Penerapan Pendekatan TaRL Berbantuan Media Kahoot pada Materi Teks Anekdot di SMA Kota Semarang
Authors: Kamarullah Heike , Wismanto Agus , Rahayu Winarni
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to explore the application of the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) approach supported by Kahoot media on anecdotal text material in Semarang city high schools, especially at SMA Negeri 5 Semarang. Students have differences in abilities, both in terms of level of understanding, learning style, and background. The TaRL approach considers these differences and ensures that learning matches each learner's ability level. The use of learning media is also an important element in the application of this approach. One of them is the use of Kahoot media. The use of Kahoot can also assist teachers in taking diagnostic assessments. This research method uses qualitative with a type of qualitative descriptive research. The sample in this study was one class in class X-10 with a total of 36 learners from the entire population selected using the Purposive Sampling technique. The data collection technique used by researchers in this study is the learning results of students obtained from interviews and observation techniques by observers. Data analysis techniques use descriptive qualitative. The validity used in this research is triangulation of sources. The results of data analysis and discussion can be concluded that the application of the TaRL approach assisted by Kahoot media on anecdotal text material shows significant potential in learning effectiveness.
Are breast cancer patients with low distress at diagnosis at risk of psychological symptoms later in their disease trajectory? Considerations for when to screen for distress
Authors: Langballe Rikke , Mertz Birgitte , Kroman Niels , Maltesen Thomas , Rosthøj Susanne , Envold Bidstrup Pernille
Published: January 2025

Introduction: To target psychological support to cancer patients most in need of support, screening for psychological distress has been advocated and, in some settings, also implemented. Still, no prior studies have examined the appropriate ‘dosage’ and whether screening for distress before cancer treatment may be sufficient or if further screenings during treatment are necessary. We examined the development in symptom trajectories for breast cancer patients with low distress before surgery and explored potential risk factors for developing burdensome symptoms at a later point in time.
Methods: In total, 299 patients newly diagnosed with breast cancer who scored < 7 on the distress thermometer were included between August 2017 and October 2019 at the Department of Breast Surgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen. Patients were followed through electronic questionnaires at baseline before surgery and after 6, 12, and 18 months. We used latent class mixed models to identify sub-groups of patients with similar development in distress, anxiety, depression, breast cancer-specific health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, and fear of recurrence over time. Logistic and multinomial regression analyses were applied to examine clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with specific symptom trajectories.
Results: We did not identify any sub-groups of women with low distress at diagnosis who developed disabling psychological symptoms up to 18 months after diagnosis. However, we did identify a sub-group of 52% of the women who experienced persistent mild anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder [GAD]-7 score 5–9). Adjusted for baseline treatment modalities and sociodemographic characteristics, women having low social support (odds ratio [OR]: 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–7.87) or living with a partner (OR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.38–7.34) were more likely to experience persistent mild anxiety.
Interpretation: The results show that the majority of women with low distress at breast cancer diagnosis do not experience an increase in psychological symptoms over time. Screening for distress at cancer diagnosis may be an essential step to identify most breast cancer patients in need of professional support for psychological symptoms.
Scratch Scoring by a Sheet-shaped Body Vibrometer in Nocturnal Sleep: A Pilot Study Compared with Infrared Video Recording
Authors: Toyota Saori , Kogure Takamasa , Kondo Eitaro , Yasuda Ken-ichi , Ishiuji Yozo , Ebata Toshiya
Published: January 2025

Itching tends to worsen at night in patients with itchy skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. Unconscious scratching during sleep can exacerbate symptoms, cause sleep disturbances, or reduce quality of life. Therefore, evaluating nocturnal scratching behaviour is important for better patient care. However, no report exists on the specific detection of overnight scratching behaviour of patients with atopic dermatitis using a non-wearable sensor. A novel algorithm was developed to specifically detect scratching behaviour using a non-wearable sheet-shaped body vibrometer placed under the mattress. To evaluate the algorithm, the sleep of 7 patients with atopic dermatitis and 3 healthy participants was simultaneously measured using an infrared camera and the sheet-shaped body vibrometer. Scratching time was then used as the gold standard, which was determined visually from the infrared video. The proposed method of detecting vibration was compared with the conventional method using the activity score measured by a sheet-shaped body vibrometer. Spearman’s correlation coefficients of the conventional and proposed methods were 0.72 and 0.89, respectively. The Bland–Altman plot results confirmed that the proposed method avoided overestimation of scratching time in patients with short scratching times because it excluded activities other than scratching behaviour, such as turning over.
Model Pembelajaran Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review Berbantuan Media Teks Cerita Rakyat Meningkatkan Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Indriyani Ni Luh Putu , Suniasih Ni Wayan
Published: January 2025

Siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami informasi dari suatu bacaan. Siswa juga kurang tertarik dalam membaca dan memperhatikan temannya ketika membaca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran SQ4R berbantuan media teks cerita rakyat terhadap keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa kelas V SD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas V SD berjumlah 99 dari 3 kelas. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan tes objektif pilihan ganda biasa dan dianalisis menggunakan uji-t (polled varians). Hasil uji hipotesis dengan uji-t diperoleh thitung = 4.69 pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan dk 64 memperoleh ttabel = 1.998 sehingga thitung = 4.69 > ttabel = 1.998, dengan demikian H0 ditolak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran SQ4R berbantuan media teks cerita rakyat terhadap hasil keterampilan membaca pemahaman pada siswa kelas V SD. Implikasi dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran SQ4R berbantuan media teks cerita rakyat dapat memudahkan siswa untuk mengingat kembali informasi-informasi kunci suatu bacaan.