bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of maxillofacial injuries during monsoon and non-monsoon season in India: a data-based retrospective study from a tertiary care dental teaching hospital
Authors: Shukla Anand Deep , G Srikanth , Chakravarthy Kalyan , Kaushal Ayusha , Udeshi Hariti M
Published: October 2023

Background: Maxillofacial Injury (MFI) is a major public health concern that is multifactorial in etiology-road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls and violence. RTAs are the major cause of maxillofacial injuries (MFIs) in countries like India. Recent studies have shown that maxillofacial fractures (MFF) constitute a significant proportion of facial injuries seen in hospitals (56.5%). The incidence of maxillofacial fractures can vary depending on several factors, including age, gender, and environmental factors. Of particular concern is the impact of seasonal variations, such as the monsoon season, which lead to high incidence of maxillofacial fractures due to hazardous conditions.

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was done in a tertiary-care dental teaching hospital was done.

Results: Data of 200 subjects including 154 males (77%) and 46 females (23%) with a mean age of 35.38 ± 16.541 years; age range: 1 – 80 years was analyzed. A total of 200 MFI’s were recorded between 2021 and 2022. Soft tissue injuries were reported in 37.5% of the cases in non-monsoon season and 42.3% of the cases during the monsoon season. Dentoalveolar fractures were reported in 6.2% of the cases during the non-monsoon seasons and 7.7% during the monsoon season. In this study, mandible was the most fractured bone (n=104,52%) followed by zygomatic complex (n=50, 25%). The frequently observed pattern among mandibular fracture was condyle 8.3% during the non-monsoon season and 2.9% during the monsoon season).

Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that mandibular fractures are most commonly seen in maxillofacial fractures, followed by fractures of the zygomatic complex. The study also reveals a higher incidence of soft tissue injuries and dentoalveolar fractures during the monsoon season. Further research is warranted to explore the factors that contribute to the seasonal variation in maxillofacial fractures for effective interventions to reduce their occurrence.
A Bayesian Hierarchical Model of Crowd Wisdom Based on Predicting Opinions of Others
Authors: McCoy John , Prelec Drazen
Published: October 2023

In many domains, it is necessary to combine opinions or forecasts from multiple individuals. However, the average or modal judgment is often incorrect, shared information across respondents can result in correlated errors, and weighting judgments by confidence does not guarantee accuracy. We develop a Bayesian hierarchical model of crowd wisdom that incorporates predictions about others to address these aggregation challenges. The proposed model can be applied to single questions, and it can also estimate respondent expertise given multiple questions. Unlike existing Bayesian hierarchical models for aggregation, the model does not link the correct answer to consensus or privilege majority opinion. The model extends the “surprisingly popular algorithm” to enable statistical inference and in doing so, overcomes several of its limitations. We assess performance on empirical data and compare the results with other aggregation methods, including leading Bayesian hierarchical models.

This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation [Grant MMS 2019982] and All Souls College Oxford [Visiting Fellowships in 2020 and 2022 to D. Prelec].

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4955 .
A ressignificação da música em Todas as manhãs do mundo de Pascal Quignard
Authors: De Souza Gibran Araújo
Published: October 2023

No romance Todas as manhãs do mundo, Pascal Quignard reimagina a música de Sainte-Colombe – em particular, o seu Tombeau les Regrets – como uma manifestação artística cujas características sobre-humanas desafiam a razão e a explicação verbal. Ao longo do texto, o Tombeau é ressignificado através de referências (reais e ficcionais) que culminam em uma performance, envolvida em mistério e revelação. Pela descrição do narrador, sabemos que há algo além da música acontecendo e que parece estar intrinsecamente ligado a ela, mas que parece fora do alcance do leitor. Partindo da premissa de que a aquisição de familiaridade com a obra musical aproximaria o leitor da dimensão criativa músico-literária do texto e contribuiria com a sua interpretação, este artigo se propõe a explorar uma solução pragmática. Para isso, tomarei os desenvolvimentos teóricos mais relevantes sobre o fenômeno de descrições literárias de música (SCHER, 1968; WOLF, 1999; CLÜVER, 1999; ELLESTRÖM, 2021) como ponto de partida para construir um modelo de análise que oriente a interpretação músico-literária da performance descrita e que seja consistente com a relação texto-música construída no romance. Uma aplicação do modelo demonstrará o processo de análise e construção da interpretação.
Post-Media poetics in a digital composite: The Oriental Dancer
Authors: Abdelmessih Marie Therese
Published: October 2023

The article addresses deep remixability in dance, film, software, media, and metafiction in The oriental dancer, a digital project composited by Sadim Mansour-Rondeau. The objective is to contest former anthropocentric constructs pertaining to dance and aesthetics. Attention is given to technical inventiveness and creativity of the digital creations, in the framework of Deleuzian-Guattarian and Derridean notions, together with post-media and software studies. It interrogates the dynamicity of the combinations or assemblages in the project’s composites to identify processes of deploying software for apprehending what escapes recognition. The concluding results stipulate the importance of appreciating digital composites as productive of sensations, affect, and forces, in a Deleuzian-Guattarian sense. This reiterates the dynamicity of software as a non-human agency that transpose multiple content, along with realities that intensify experience, thereby promoting various modes of seeing and being (Manovich; Parikka). Basically, the encounter with the The oriental dancer digital composite activates a poetics of potentiality that releases infinite modes of becoming, a gateway to the possibilities of future reinvention.
Ruta de empoderamiento de jefas de familia de la asociación civil de madres solteras unidas de Sinaloa, México
Authors: Tereso Ramírez Leonor , Carrillo Montoya Teresita del Niño Jesús , Verdugo Araujo Luz Mercedes
Published: October 2023

El artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar la conformación de la ruta que siguen las madres solteras al asumir la jefatura familiar y generar procesos de empoderamiento. Desde el paradigma cualitativo y el método hermenéutico, se aplicaron entrevistas episódicas a siete jefas de familia, que estuvieron afiliadas durante el periodo 2014 a 2017 a la Asociación Civil de Madres Solteras Unidas de Sinaloa en México, espacio en la cual colectivizan y crean redes de apoyo institucionales y de sororidad. Mediante la interpretación de sus narrativas se identifican los fragmentos más representativos de sus discursos, con los cuales se construye una coordenada metodológica compuesta por cuatro cuadrantes en las cuales las madres solteras van transitando de la exclusión, a la vulnerabilidad, la inclusión y la interacción, volviéndose protagonistas y actoras con cotidianidades muy significativas.
The chimera of new forms of worker organisation: why trade unions matter in rebuilding national and global labour movements
Authors: Ness Immanuel
Published: October 2023

The decline in union representation is occurring globally even as the working class has been growing, especially in the Global South. The decline in the global organised workforce contradicts expectations that trade unions would grow in response to growing levels of exploitation prevailing especially in poor countries integrated into global production chains. However, trade unions are not growing stronger but are weaker as industrial and service workers are growing in number. This article reprises the concept of new forms of worker organisation (NFWO), advocated and advanced over the past 25 years and rooted in independent labour entities, including worker centres, syndicalist organisations, and autonomous, unaffiliated unions, and even NGOs. The record of these entities thus far demonstrates that new forms of worker organisation are expanding in response to rank-and-file activism but are ineffective as a replacement for traditional union models in building and consolidating labour power to challenge the rise of precarious and contract labour. This article examines the mixed record of new labour organisations and their failure to confront neoliberal capitalism. To remedy this structural defect, this article contends that existing unions must engage in activism rooted in the precarious working class of the Global South to build trade union power.
Inversion method for soil moisture content based on a distributed fiber optic acoustic sensing system
Authors: Shang Ying , He Qiujie , Huang Sheng , Wang Jiawen , Wang Meikun , Li Di , Wang Weitao , Liu Guangqiang , Wan Na , Liu Shouling , Yao Chunmei , Qu Shuai , Wang Chen
Published: October 2023

The traditional measurement method can’t achieve real-time monitoring of soil moisture content (SMC) within a two-dimensional area. To solve the above problems, we propose a rapid SMC monitoring method for two-dimensional area based on distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). DAS demodulates the backward Rayleigh scattering signal containing seismic wave sound velocity information from the active seismic source. The folding ruler approximation is employed to calculate the sound velocity of the soil, which is then inverted to determine the soil moisture content. The experiment measured the soil within a two-dimensional area formed by the seismic source and the acoustic sensing optical cable. The sensing optical cable and the active seismic source are organized into a two-dimensional area and the measurement range is 3 × 10 m with 33 points. The SMC ranges from 15% to 40%. The experiment shows that the absolute error between the measured values obtained by DAS and the water cut meter is 7%. This experiment verifies the feasibility of using the Rayleigh scattering properties to invert SMC and provides a new method for real-time monitoring of SMC in a large area.
Large area structural color printing based on dot-matrix laser interference patterning
Authors: Shishova Maria , Solomashenko Artem , Lushnikov Dmitry , Kuznetsov Alexey , Smirnov Andrey
Published: October 2023

Optically Variable Devices (OVDs) are widely used as security features in anti-counterfeiting efforts. OVDs enable the display of color dynamic effects that are easily interpreted by the user. However, obtaining these elements over large areas poses certain challenges in terms of efficiency. The paper presents a modified approach for manufacturing plasmonic type OVDs through dot-matrix technology, which is a standard origination step of security holograms. By adjusting the spatial filters in the optical scheme, it is possible to double the resolution of the recorded quasi-sinusoidal diffraction gratings. The experiments confirm the creation of diffraction gratings with frequencies from 1600 to 3500 lines per mm, which facilitates the production of plasmonic zero-order spectral filters. The paper shows how the transmission characteristics of the studied elements are affected by the geometric parameters of the diffraction grating, silver layer thickness, angle of incidence, and polarization of light. The results have shown that using the proposed method it is possible to obtain 1D or 2D structural color OVD-image on a large area - several square centimeters and more. High speed recording of such elements is provided: the exposure time was from 120 to 400 ms depending on the grating resolution for a 0.05 mm2 frame, the total printing time for the size of the 25×25 mm2 OVD was about 2.5 hours for a 1D element, and less than 3.5 hours for a 2D element. Thus, the proposed method and the OVD elements produced by it can be useful to designers of optical security elements as a simpler and faster alternative to electron-beam lithographic technologies.
Open Science 2.0: Towards a truly collaborative research ecosystem
Authors: Thibault Robert T. , Amaral Olavo B. , Argolo Felipe , Bandrowski Anita E. , Davidson Alexandra R, , Drude Natascha I.
Published: October 2023

Conversations about open science have reached the mainstream, yet many open science practices such as data sharing remain uncommon. Our efforts towards openness therefore need to increase in scale and aim for a more ambitious target. We need an ecosystem not only where research outputs are openly shared but also in which transparency permeates the research process from the start and lends itself to more rigorous and collaborative research. To support this vision, this Essay provides an overview of a selection of open science initiatives from the past 2 decades, focusing on methods transparency, scholarly communication, team science, and research culture, and speculates about what the future of open science could look like. It then draws on these examples to provide recommendations for how funders, institutions, journals, regulators, and other stakeholders can create an environment that is ripe for improvement.
Genome-wide analysis of horizontal transfer in non-model wild species from a natural ecosystem reveals new insights into genetic exchange in plants
Authors: Aubin Emilie , Llauro Christel , Garrigue Joseph , Mirouze Marie , Panaud Olivier , El Baidouri Moaine
Published: October 2023

Horizontal transfer (HT) refers to the exchange of genetic material between divergent species by mechanisms other than reproduction. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated HTs in eukaryotes, particularly in the context of parasitic relationships and in model species. However, very little is known about HT in natural ecosystems, especially those involving non-parasitic wild species, and the nature of the ecological relationships that promote these HTs. In this work, we conducted a pilot study investigating HTs by sequencing the genomes of 17 wild non-model species from a natural ecosystem, the Massane forest, located in southern France. To this end, we developed a new computational pipeline called INTERCHANGE that is able to characterize HTs at the whole genome level without prior annotation and directly in the raw sequencing reads. Using this pipeline, we identified 12 HT events, half of which occurred between lianas and trees. We found that mainly low copy number LTR-retrotransposons from the Copia superfamily were transferred between these wild plant species, especially those of the Ivana and Ale lineages. This study revealed a possible new route for HTs between non-parasitic plants and provides new insights into the genomic characteristics of horizontally transferred DNA in plant genomes.
Protocol of the Budapest sleep, experiences, and traits study: An accessible resource for understanding associations between daily experiences, individual differences, and objectively measured sleep
Authors: Taji Wael , Pierson Róbert , Ujma Péter Przemyslaw
Published: October 2023

Sleep is both a neurophysiological state and a biologically necessary behavior that performs a variety of indispensable roles for human health, development, and cognitive functioning. Despite this, comparatively little is known about the relationships between daily experiences and sleep features. Importantly, these relationships are bidirectional in nature, may be differently associated with subjectively and objectively assessed sleep, and may also be modulated by individual differences To address this challenge, we created the Budapest Sleep, Experiences, and Traits Study (BSETS), a multidisciplinary observational sleep study utilizing novel remote EEG devices. BSETS was designed to establish a dataset for future use in investigating the relationships between sleep features and daily experiences. In this paper we describe the protocol of the currently ongoing BSETS, which examines a community-dwelling sample of over 250 healthy participants who are studied in a naturalistic setting using a large questionnaire assessing psychological, demographic, and anthropometric information, as well as evening/morning diaries of sleep and daily experiences, and mobile EEG recordings over a period of 7 days. This dataset will become an accessible resource to the wider scientific community and can be utilized to investigate the complex multidirectional relationships between objectively and subjectively measured sleep, daily experiences, and individual differences, bestowing it with significant value for sleep researchers as well as practitioners working in clinical settings with patients suffering from disordered sleep.
Spatial spillover and threshold effect of green development efficiency on urban human settlement resilience in Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration
Authors: Wang Zheng , Xu Xiaobo , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2023

Green development is the necessary path and fundamental way for urban development. Exploring the influence mechanism and spatial effect of green development on the urban human settlement resilience is conducive to promoting high-quality and sustainable urban development. We used the entropy method, super-efficient SBM model, spatial econometric model and threshold model to analyze the spatial spillover effect of green development efficiency on urban human settlement resilience and its nonlinear impact in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) urban agglomeration. The results indicated that During the study period, the level of green development efficiency and urban settlement resilience was on the rise, and the spatial differences between different regions was significant. The green development efficiency of each city in the YRD urban agglomeration has a significant contribution to urban human settlement resilience in the region, but has a negative spatial effect on the level of urban human settlement resilience in the neighboring region. At different population density levels, the effect of green development efficiency on urban human settlement resilience shows a significant "V" non-linear characteristic. Furthermore, the influence of green development efficiency on urban human settlement resilience increases in a stepwise manner under different industrial structure distribution. The results of this study can help provide a reference basis for the creation of high-level, high-quality green and livable resilient cities in the YRD urban agglomeration under the concept of green development, and provide relevant experience for the construction of livable cities in other regions of China.
Magnitude of risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in adolescents and young adults in Brazil: A population-based study
Authors: Pedroso Charlise Fortunato , Pereira Cristina Camargo , Cavalcante Agueda Maria Ruiz Zimmer , Guimarães Rafael Alves
Published: October 2023

Aim of the study

Estimate the magnitude and factors associated with risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases in adolescents and young adults in Brazil.

Methods

Cross-sectional study that analyzed data from the 2019 National Health Survey. The population of interest was adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 years. Data were collected through individual interviews during home visits. Dependent variables included major risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were used as independent variables. Multiple Poisson regression models were used to assess the relationship between independent variables and risk factors.

Results

A total of 10,460 individuals (5,001 men and 5,459 women) were included. Regardless of sex, the most prevalent risk factors were insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption (92.6%) and leisure-time physical inactivity (43.3%). The prevalence rates of tobacco smokers, alcohol consumption once a month or more, and alcohol abuse were 8.9%, 28.7%, and 18.5%, respectively. Regular consumption of soft drinks and/or artificial juices was described by 17.2%. The prevalence of overweight was 32.5%. Young adults, males, and individuals with lower educational levels, of black race/skin color, with lower household income, and residents of urban areas had a higher prevalence for most risk factors. Differences in the determinants were found for some factors. Inequalities between Brazilian regions were recorded for seven of the nine factors analyzed. The most socioeconomically developed regions had the highest prevalence of most risk factors. The high magnitude of risk factors indicates a potential increase in the burden of chronic noncommunicable diseases in a future scenario for Brazil.
Reliable retrieval is intrinsically rewarding: Recency, item difficulty, study session memory, and subjective confidence predict satisfaction in word-pair recall
Authors: Holm Linus , Wells Michael
Published: October 2023

The recall of a distant memory may appear satisfying and suggest successful retrieval is inherently rewarding. If the brain incentivizes retrieval attempts on the prospect of an internal retrieval reward, then the desire for that reward might natively reinforce declarative memory access. But what determines the level of retrieval satisfaction? We tested the idea that retrieval attempt uncertainty drives retrieval satisfaction. For instance, the more distant the memory, the more satisfying should it be to successfully retrieve it. Alternatively, the brain issues rewards based on the level of confidence in recall independent of the recall achievement. If so, then more confident retrieval is also more satisfying. In an online experiment containing five Swahili-English word pair study sessions spaced across one week, we tested 30 English-speaking participants’ recall satisfaction and memory confidence during learning as well as in a final cued recall test. We hypothesized that retrieval satisfaction should either increase or decrease with retrieval uncertainty as indicated by time since encoding, and how little in overall they recalled from the session. We found that retrieval satisfaction decreased with time since encoding and with study session retrieval performance. Moreover, we found that retrieval confidence and satisfaction ratings were highly related in the experiment. We also found a reliable interaction between confidence and word difficulty indicating that confidently recalled difficult items induced more satisfaction. Thus, the brain appears to reward both retrieval confidence and to a lesser extent, fruitful retrieval effort. Our findings may explain seemingly irrational self-regulated study behavior such as avoiding learning-efficient but difficult training protocols, as effects of a system rationally seeking to accrue intrinsic cognitive reward.
Improving anaemia diagnosis using peripheral blood smear with remote interpretation in adults living with HIV with moderate to severe anaemia: A prospective study nested within the Kilombero and Ulanga antiretroviral cohort
Authors: Anton-Vazquez Vanesa , Mnzava Dorcas , Okuma James , Mlembe Slyakus , Lo Riso Laura , Sanchez Jose Maria , Ndege Robert , Vedastus Kalinjuma Aneth , Kimera Namvua , Eichenberger Anna , Nicoletti Giovanni Jacopo , Wilson Herieth , Vanobberghen Fiona , Weisser Maja ,   on behalf of the KIULARCO Study Group
Published: October 2023

Introduction

In low-resource settings, anaemia is a very common condition. Identification of anaemia aetiologies remains challenging due to the lack of diagnostic tools and expertise. We aimed to improve anaemia diagnostics using peripheral blood smear (PBS) with remote interpretation in people living with HIV (PLHIV) with moderate to severe anaemia.

Methods

We conducted a prospective study nested within the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort, including non-pregnant PLHIV aged ≥18 years presenting with moderate (haemoglobin 7.0–9.9 g/dl) or severe (<7.0 g/dl) anaemia at any visit from January 2019 to December 2020. For each participant, ten PBS images, full blood count and clinical details were shared with a haematologist for remote interpretation (enhanced care). Identification of anaemia etiologies and potential impact on treatment was compared between enhanced and standard care.

Results

Among 400 PLHIV with moderate to severe anaemia, 349 (87%) were female, median age was 40 years (interquartile range (IQR) 35–46)), 65 (17%) had a body mass index <18.5 kg/m2, 215 (54%) had HIV WHO stage III/IV, 79 (20%) had a CD4 cell count <200 cells/μl and 317 (89%) had HIV viral load <100 copies/ml. Severe anaemia was diagnosed in 84 (21%). Suspected multiple aetiologies were documented more frequently by enhanced care compared to standard care 267 (67%) vs 20 (5%); p<0.001. Suspected iron deficiency was the most frequent aetiology (n = 337; 84%), followed by chronic disease (n = 199; 50%), folate/vitamin B12 deficiency (n = 78; 20%) and haemoglobinopathy (n = 83; 21%). In 272 participants (68%), enhanced care revealed additional clinically relevant findings with impact on the treatment recommendation.

Conclusion

Remote interpretation of PBS combined with clinical information and blood cell count results can provide insights to the suspected aetiological diagnosis of moderate and severe anaemia in rural low-resource settings and impact specific treatment.
An invasive appetite: Combining molecular and stable isotope analyses to reveal the diet of introduced house mice (Mus musculus) on a small, subtropical island
Authors: Holthuijzen Wieteke A. , Flint Elizabeth N. , Green Stefan J. , Plissner Jonathan H. , Simberloff Daniel , Sweeney Dagmar , Wolf Coral A. , Jones Holly P.
Published: October 2023

House mice (Mus musculus) pose a conservation threat on islands, where they adversely affect native species’ distributions, densities, and persistence. On Sand Island of Kuaihelani, mice recently began to depredate nesting adult mōlī (Laysan Albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis). Efforts are underway to eradicate mice from Sand Island, but knowledge of mouse diet is needed to predict ecosystem response and recovery following mouse removal. We used next-generation sequencing to identify what mice eat on Sand Island, followed by stable isotope analysis to estimate the proportions contributed by taxa to mouse diet. We collected paired fecal and hair samples from 318 mice between April 2018 to May 2019; mice were trapped approximately every eight weeks among four distinct habitat types to provide insight into temporal and spatial variation. Sand Island’s mice mainly consume arthropods, with nearly equal (but substantially smaller) contributions of C3 plants, C4 plants, and mōlī. Although seabird tissue is a small portion of mouse diet, mice consume many detrital-feeding arthropods in and around seabird carcasses, such as isopods, flesh flies, ants, and cockroaches. Additionally, most arthropods and plants eaten by mice are non-native. Mouse diet composition differs among habitat types but changes minimally throughout the year, indicating that mice are not necessarily limited by food source availability or accessibility. Eradication of house mice may benefit seabirds on Sand Island (by removing a terrestrial, non-native predator), but it is unclear how arthropod and plant communities may respond and change. Non-native and invasive arthropods and plants previously consumed (and possibly suppressed) by mice may be released post-eradication, which could prevent recovery of native taxa. Comprehensive knowledge of target species’ diet is a critical component of eradication planning. Dietary information should be used both to identify and to monitor which taxa may respond most strongly to invasive species removal and to assess if proactive, pre-eradication management activities are warranted.
Les « Gueules Rouges » du Luberon
Authors: Gardi Romain
Published: October 2023

En Vaucluse, le « Colorado Provençal » de Rustrel, ancienne mine d’ocre à ciel ouvert et les galeries de Bruoux à Gargas, anciennes mines d’ocre souterraines, font partie aujourd’hui des sites touristiques les plus visités du département. En Luberon, les premières mines d’ocres sont exploitées dès la fin du XVIIIe siècle. Mais il faut attendre la fin du XIXe siècle pour que la mine d’ocre marque irrémédiablement les paysages et les sociétés locales de certains villages du Luberon. À partir d’archives publiques et privées, cet article étudie la lente émergence du monde de la mine d’ocre et de ses « Gueules Rouges » au village à la fin du XIXe siècle, son expansion jusqu’aux années 1930, avant sa désindustrialisation au milieu du XXe siècle marquant la fin des « Gueules Rouges », puis sa renaissance en tant qu’objet d’un tourisme industriel à la fin du XXe siècle. Elle permet d’interroger sous un nouvel angle les mutations économiques, sociales, culturelles et paysagères du Luberon entre la fin du XIXe siècle et celle du XXe siècle.
Propos conclusifs. Entretien avec Xavier Vigna
Authors: Knittel Fabien , Mariotti Nadège , Raggi Pascal
Published: October 2023

Xavier Vigna, spécialiste de l’histoire du travail, des ouvriers et des ouvrières au XXe siècle répond aux questions des coordonnateurs du numéro. Il apporte des éclairages sur les enjeux actuels du travail hors de l’usine concentrée. Il propose aussi des réflexions sur l’histoire orale du travail et sur l’historiographie récente du sujet.
PERANCANGAN PERBAIKAN KUALITAS DAYA UNTUK MITIGASI KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN TEGANGAN DAN ARUS DAN MITIGASI NILAI FAKTOR DAYA DI DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK KIMIA
Authors: Sihombing Chandra Asi , Handoko Susatyo , Darjat Darjat
Published: October 2023

Departemen Teknik Kimia merupakan salah satu departemen di Universitas Diponegoro. Bertambahnya beban listrik pada sistem tenaga listrik departemen Teknik Kimia guna menunjang proses perkuliahan. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kualitas daya listrik di Departemen Teknik Kimia diperoleh hanya nilai ketidakseimbangan tegangan yang sudah sesuai dengan standar dengan nilai ketidakseimbangan tegangan rata-rata 0,11%. Nilai ketidakseimbangan arus rata-rata 29,60% sedangkan nilai faktor daya rata-rata sebesar 0,82 belum memenuhi standar. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan perancangan perbaikan nilai ketidakseimbangan tegangan dan arus dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ETAP 12.6 agar sesuai dengan SPLN D5.004-1:2012  untuk nilai ketidakseimbangan tegangan yaitu 2%, ANSI-C84.1-1995 untuk nilai ketidakseimbangan arus yaitu 5% dan SPLN 70-1 untuk nilai faktor daya yaitu 0,85. Perancangan mitigasi nilai ketidakseimbangan tegangan dan arus dilakukan dengan metode rekonfigurasi beban dan mitigasi nilai faktor daya dilakukan dengan metode pemasangan kapasitor bank hasil simulasi OCP. Berdasarkan hasil rekonfigurasi didapatkan penurunan nilai ketidakseimbangan tegangan menjadi 0,01%, untuk nilai ketidakseimbangan arus didapat nilai ketidakseimbangan rata-rata 9,67%, sedangkan untuk nilai faktor daya setelah mitigasi didapat rata-rata 0,91.
Air pollution and topography in Tehran
Authors: Afarideh Faezeh , Ramasht Mohammad Hossein , Mortyn Graham
Published: October 2023

Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world with 48 days of air pollution exceeding the admissible threshold (AQI > 150) for 3 months of the 15 years studied. This period coincides with the time when Tehran’s inversion reaches its maximum stability. The purpose of this study was to determine the height of air pollution in Tehran in the days when pollution exceeds the permissible limit. Continuing to study the pressure and temperature conditions of these days, we then considered the geographical and topographic conditions, and finally identified the best of these cells for potential theoretical air turbulence. The results of this study, based on the Harmonic Analysis method and based on Tehran temperature and pressure data over a 15-year period (2003–2017), show that the highest elevation of Tehran inversion does not exceed 1800 m on polluted days. Only within 6 days of those beyond the admissible threshold, temperature and pressure cells with the highest Newtonian mass are formed. The center of these cells formed with a compressive difference of 32 mg in November, 7 mg in January, 11 mg in December, and temperature difference of 1.1° in November, 4.4° in January, and 1.9° in December. Generally, we considered the formed cells by the temperature and pressure difference and the gradient between them, as well as the difference in height between the cells and their location. This information, combined with the local winds causing the differences in temperature and pressure, allows us to elucidate conditions for creating air turbulence in Tehran and mitigating the amount and degree of air pollution.
Challenges in Implementing ICT Tools in Water and Sanitation Services Management in South Africa
Authors:   University of Fort Hare, Mukasi Tafadzwa Jaquline , Oni Olabanji ,   University of Fort Hare
Published: October 2023

This article discusses challenges encountered in implementing Information Communication Technology tools in water and sanitation services management in South Africa. This qualitative study used a Human Capital Development framework. The study area has had limited consultation on Information Communication Technology tools, low Information Communication Technology usage, and skills gap. Attention is paid to the effective use of Information Communication Technology tools, for example, mobile phones and their application to address the challenges faced. This promotes proper water and sanitation services management by implementing relevant tools to increase the knowledge and skills of service providers. South Africa needs to address and eliminate challenges experienced in implementing Information Communication Technology tools, inequalities, and human-made challenges to ensure availability of services and sustainable water and sanitation services management.
Effect of robotic weaving motion on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of wire arc additively manufactured NiTi shape memory alloy
Authors: Gonela Karuna Kumar , Vijayavarman Chakkravarthy , Palanivel Manojkumar , Mariappan Lakshmanan , Ramasubramanian Lakshmi Narayan , Kannan Arasappan Rajesh
Published: October 2023

The effect of robotic weaving motion on the crystallographic orientation, texture and mechanical properties of thin-walled nickel titanium shape memory alloy fabricated via wire arc additive manufacturing is studied. Crystallographic orientation analysis reveals that the weaving motion alters the epitaxial growth of grains, which reduces the fraction of (001) oriented grains but increased the fraction of (110) and (111) oriented grains. Moreover, the weaving motion increases the fraction of equiaxed grains and homogeneously distributes Ni4Ti3 phases. These changes improve the hardness and strength of the build and also introduce isotropy in mechanical properties. Results of the study reveal that arc weaving strategy has a great potential in achieving near isotropic tensile characteristics and is beneficial in terms of tailoring texture in building nickel titanium thin-walled smart material structures.
The evaluation of fetal interventricular septum with M-mode and spectral tissue Doppler imaging in gestational diabetes mellitus: a case-control study
Authors: Oluklu Deniz , Menekse Beser Dilek , Uyan Hendem Derya , Yildirim Muradiye , Tugrul Ersak Duygu , Turgut Ezgi , Sahin Dilek
Published: October 2023

Objectives

To demonstrate possible functional changes in the frequently affected fetal interventricular septum (IVS) with spectral tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and M-mode imaging to compare gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and control groups.

Methods

A total of 63 pregnant women with GDM, 30 on diet (A1 GDM) and 33 on treated with insulin (A2 GDM), and 63 healthy pregnant women randomly selected and matched to the case group in the control group were included.

Results

The GDM fetuses had significantly thickened IVS, increased early diastole (E′), atrial contraction (A′), systole (S′), higher myocardial performance index (MPI′), prolonged isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT′), shortened ejection time (ET′), and decreased septal annular plane systolic excursion (SAPSE) than the controls. The A2 GDM group fetuses had significantly thickened IVS, increased S′ and shortened ET′ than the A1 GDM group. In the GDM group, we found a significantly positive low correlation between glycated hemoglobin levels and maternal serum fasting glucose and one-hour postprandial glucose with fetal IVS thickness. We demonstrated a significantly negative low correlation between maternal serum one-hour postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin levels, and gestational weight gain with fetal IVS ET′.

Conclusions

Fetal IVS diastolic and systolic functions were altered in the GDM group compared to controls, and systolic functions were altered in A2 GDM compared to A1 GDM. This may alert clinicians to possible cardiovascular diseases in the postnatal life, and early preventive strategies and long-term lifestyle changes may provide protection in fetuses with GDM.
Questioning the relevance of alienability in Arawak linguistics: an innovative analysis of possession in Mojeño Trinitario
Authors: Rose Françoise
Published: October 2023

This article presents an original analysis of possession in Mojeño Trinitario, an Arawak language, teasing apart the levels of lexical possessive noun classes, morphological derivation between noun classes, and adnominal possessive constructions. The three possessive noun classes (obligatorily prefixed, optionally prefixed and non-prefixable) do not exactly correspond to the three possessive noun classes of the traditional analysis of Arawak languages, as in the analysis proposed here some of the traditionally called “alienable” nouns, i.e. nouns occurring as either possessed or unpossessed, are classified as non-prefixable nouns because they need some additional derivational morphology to be prefixable. The two adnominal possessive constructions (basic, through prefixation and modification; and indirect, via a generic possessive noun) are described, and their distribution is discussed. The article then addresses the question of how the notion of “alienability contrast” could explain the phenomena described, at either the lexical or phrasal level. In the process, it offers frequency counts on how often nouns of the different possessive classes occur as possessed in discourse, and it discusses whether the three noun classes are open or closed classes. It concludes that the alienability contrast is at best only a partial explanation for the expression of possession in Mojeño Trinitario. This article ends by developing how this innovative account of possession in Mojeño Trinitario applies to other Arawak languages.
Comparison of the immunoassay method with the commercial and in-house LC-MS/MS methods for substance abuse in urine
Authors: Avcioglu Gamze , Yilmaz Gulsen , Yalcin Sahiner Safak , Kozaci L. Didem , Bal Ceylan , Yilmaz Fatma Meric
Published: October 2023

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the analytical performance of the KIMS (kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution) immunochemical method with a validated in-house and a commercial LC-MS/MS method.

Methods

The urine samples of the 100 subjects were included in the present study. The urine samples were analysed with Roche DAT immunochemical method based on KIMS method. In-house LC-MS/MS method was validated for 58 parameters according to the CLSI C62-A recommendations with the following parameters: matrix effect, lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), linearity, intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy. Eureka Lab Division Drugs of Abuse kit was used as the commercial LC-MS/MS method.

Results

The immunochemical method had a satisfactory performance with specificity, sensitivity and accuracy values above 80 % and met the DRUID recommendation except benzodiazepines. The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochemical method were between 97–100 % and 84–100 %, respectively (except for benzodiazepines). The bias obtained for THC-COOH, morphine and codeine parameters were −17.5, 24.6 and 43.6 between two LC-MS/MS methods. The commercial method had a tendency to have a negative bias except for cannabinoids.

Conclusions

The analytical performance of the KIMS-based urine immunochemical method was found to be satisfactory for the intended use, except for benzodiazepines. The validated urine in-house LC-MS/MS method was found to be a good alternative for confirmation of substance abuse.
Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration
Authors: Bunk Justus , Schell Klemens
Published: October 2023

Die Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration (MRK) bietet eine Reihe von Optimierungsmöglichkeiten entlang der Produktionskette. Die Einführung von MRK gilt als vielversprechender Ansatz für die Steigerung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Produzierende Unternehmen sind jedoch mit der Implementierungsplanung der kollaborativen Robotik häufig überfordert. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit bieten ein methodengestütztes Prozessmodell für die Planung der Implementierung von kollaborativen Robotern in Produktionssystemen.
Integrals at secondary school
Authors: Anynis Antanas , Šinkūnas Juozas
Published: October 2023

Teaching of integrals in Lithuania, Denmark and France is presented. It is suggested to progress to three levels teaching of mathematics.
Methodics of teaching polynomial approximation of functions in CAS enviroment
Authors: Dabrišienė Vilija , Šileikienė Regina Dalytė
Published: October 2023

A number of changes have taken place in recent years, which have influenced teaching mathematics at university level. Most important two are: we have to cope with the influx of students whose background knowledge and motivation is very low; and we have to cope with teaching of following students in CAS environment. Alas there is no many methodics based on research existing. So, we present our methodics for teaching Polynomial approximation of functions in CAS environment: concept assumptions, fragments of methodic materials and results of validation of these methods.
Sequent calculus for propositional likelihood logic
Authors: Alonderis Romas
Published: October 2023

There is not abstract.
Time series aggregation, disaggregation and long memory
Authors: Celov Dmitrij , Leipus Remigijus
Published: October 2023

Large-scale aggregation and its inverse, disaggregation, problems are important in many fields of studies like macroeconomics, astronomy, hydrology and sociology. It was shown in Granger (1980) that a certain aggregation of random coefficient AR(1) models can lead to long memory output. Dacunha-Castelle and Oppenheim (2001) explored the topic further, answering when and if a predefined long memory process could be obtained as the result of aggregation of a specific class of individual processes.  In this paper,  the disaggregation scheme of Leipus et al.  (2006) is briefly discussed. Then disaggregation into AR(1)  is analyzed further, resulting in a theorem that helps, under corresponding assumptions, to construct a mixture density for a given aggregated by AR(1) scheme process. Finally the theorem is illustrated by FARUMA mixture densityÆs example.
Accelerometer application mathematical model
Authors: Benevičius Vincas , Listopadskis Narimantas
Published: October 2023

The positioning problem considered in this paper is an attempt to find system’s of a few points position using accelerations. Today’s industry provides with various types of accelerometers suitable for acceleration measure. That data may be used to trace object movement.Final results showed that such movement trace is possible and may be applicable. The results also showed origins for errors which according to the results, are quite high globally. The final conclusion follows: the model created must be analized further in a deeper level, and error origins must be eliminated or at least minimized by either chosing different solving or modeling methods, either by revising used ones.
Computer modeling of Vilnius University finance management in a process of studies
Authors: Jurkus Vytautas , Ivanauskas Feliksas , Pikturna Aleksas
Published: October 2023

In this work a computer simulation of Vilnius University financial management is completed. The purpose of the simulation is to calculate optimal distribution of monetary reserves for each VU faculty. In addition, the conclusion is made, which budget is oriented to quality of studies and which has social aspect.
Visualisation of nucleotide sequences
Authors: Rekašius Tomas
Published: October 2023

The paper reviews the visualisation problems of genetic sequences and of their analysis results as well as other related problems. A possible formulation of the problem based on similarity, complexity measure (distance) between DNA sequences is proposed. It is solved by making use of multidimensional scaling (MDS) of principal component analysis (PCA) methods.
Neurodevelopmental Disorders and the Impact of Racism
Authors: Spinks-Franklin Adiaha , Mittal Shruti , Pereira-Smith Silvia , Beers Nathaniel
Published: October 2023

The impact of racism has led to significant disparities in the diagnosis and management of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) youth. Many NDD diagnoses, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, and autism spectrum disorder, are overdiagnosed, misdiagnosed, or under-identified in BIPOC youth compared with other medical conditions (eg, asthma, diabetes). These disparities influence the types and quality of services received, leading to long-term adverse effects.

Keywords: neurodevelopmental disorders, overdiagnosis, under-identification
The Impact of Racism On Education
Authors: Dooley Danielle G. , de la Torre Desiree M. , Kinlow Tonya Vidal , Dixon Gabrina L.
Published: October 2023

High-quality education is a critical factor for success in children and adolescents. Because of ongoing systemic racism, youth in the United States experience unequal educational opportunities depending on the schools they attend, the neighborhoods they live in, their skin color, and their families’ financial resources. Pediatric health teams and institutions can address the effects of racism in the educational system by becoming school friendly. A School-Friendly Health System is a health system actively working to ensure all children and adolescents achieve optimal health and reach their full academic potential.

Keywords: education, racism, School-Friendly Health System
Talking with White Children and Adolescents About Racism
Authors: Hagerman Margaret A. , Underhill Megan R.
Published: October 2023

White children and adolescents form ideas about race based on their everyday experiences, interactions with others, and observations of patterns in their social environments. Although white children certainly have opinions about race and racism, many white parents and caregivers do not speak with their children about race. This chapter provides insights from current social science research about how white children learn about race and discusses best practices for communicating with white children about race in ways that promote color-conscious thought and action.

Keywords: whiteness, racism, children
Racial Trauma and Trauma-Informed Practice
Authors: Broussard Camille , Bodrick Nia Imani
Published: October 2023

Since the seminal 1998 study linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and lifelong health, ACEs have included racism. Racial or race-based traumatic stress includes overt, covert, violent, threatening, interpersonal, community-level, onetime, periodic, or daily experiences. This chapter provides examples of historical and contemporary racial trauma in the United States to ground an understanding of the need to provide culturally and racially responsive care, illustrates how to recognize trauma symptoms associated with race-based stress, and concludes with practice recommendations.

Keywords: trauma-informed practice, racial trauma, resiliency