bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Klein–Gordon equation with modified Coulomb plus inverse-square potential in the noncommutative three-dimensional space
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid
Published: October 2019

The Klein–Gordon equation with equal scalar and vector potentials [Formula: see text] describing the dynamics of a three-dimensional under the modified Coulomb plus inverse-square potential is considered, in the symmetries of noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM), using Bopp’s shift method. The new energy of [Formula: see text]th excited state [Formula: see text] is obtained as a function of the shift energy [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is obtained via first-order perturbation theory in the three-dimensional noncommutative real space (NC: 3D-RS) symmetries instead of solving modified Klein–Gordon equation (MKGE) with the Weyl–Moyal star product. It is found that the perturbative solutions of discrete spectrum depended by the Gamma function, the discreet atomic quantum numbers [Formula: see text] and the potential parameters (A and B), in addition to noncommutativity parameters ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), which are induced with the effect of (space–space) noncommutativity properties.
A new type of GUP with commuting coordinates
Authors: Shababi Homa , Chung Won Sang
Published: October 2019

In this paper, using Kempf and Mangano’s generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) [A. Kempf and G. Mangano, Phys. Rev. D 55, 7909 (1997)], we introduce a GUP which is called GUP*. The minimum measurable length predicted by the GUP* leads to the existence of a maximum momentum, in agreement with various previous studies. Then, we investigate some deformed calculus including both exponential and differential cases. Finally, as some applications of this GUP*, we discuss some quantum mechanical problems and obtain the results.
Non-thermal fixed points: Universal dynamics far from equilibrium
Authors: Schmied Christian-Marcel , Mikheev Aleksandr N. , Gasenzer Thomas
Published: October 2019

In this article we give an overview of the concept of universal dynamics near non-thermal fixed points in isolated quantum many-body systems. We outline a non-perturbative kinetic theory derived within a Schwinger–Keldysh closed-time path-integral approach, as well as a low-energy effective field theory which enable us to predict the universal scaling exponents characterizing the time evolution at the fixed point. We discuss the role of wave-turbulent transport in the context of such fixed points and discuss universal scaling evolution of systems bearing ensembles of (quasi) topological defects. This is rounded off by the recently introduced concept of prescaling as a generic feature of the evolution towards a non-thermal fixed point.
Are dyons the preons of the knot model?
Authors: Finkelstein Robert J.
Published: October 2019

We consider the possibility that the preons defined by the SLq(2) extension of the Standard Model may be identified with Schwinger dyons. The SLq(2) extension is here presented as a model that may exist in either a currently observable electric phase or in a magnetic phase that is predicted but currently unobservable.
An improved car-following model considering forecast speed difference with delay time
Authors: Zhang Y. , Xiang Wei , Dong Jun , Wang Wei
Published: October 2019

It is well known that drivers can adjust their speeds based on forecasted traffic states in driving process, and this forecast behavior affects traffic features. In this paper, an improved car-following model with delay time, by incorporating the behavior of forecast speed difference, is proposed from the full velocity difference model. Its linear steady condition is deduced. Numerical simulations indicate that values of acceleration and deceleration of new model are more reasonable than those of the original model in starting and braking processes, and the kinematic wave speed is proper. Moreover, the behavior of forecast speed difference is found not only to smoothen the traffic fluctuation, but also to reduce the energy consumption in stable and unstable cases.
Weak group inverses in proper ∗-rings
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Chen Jianlong , Zhou Yukun
Published: October 2019

In proper ∗-rings, we characterize weak group inverses by three equations. It generalizes the notion of weak group inverse, which was introduced by Wang and Chen for complex matrices in 2018. Some new equivalent characterizations for elements to be weak group invertible are presented. Furthermore, we define the group-EP decomposition. Some properties of the weak group inverse are established by the group-EP decomposition.
An electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin electropolymerization process
Authors: Tesakova Mariya V. , Kuzmin Sergey M. , Parfenyuk Vladimir I.
Published: October 2019

The process of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin electropolymerization has been studied by the quartz crystal microbalance method in different electrodeposition conditions. The films were deposited in two modes: in potentiostatic conditions (at the potential of [Formula: see text]2 V) and in potentiodynamic conditions (CV with the potential scan rate of 20 mV/s). The effect of electrolysis parameters on 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin electropolymerization has been studied by obtaining films in two modes and using two supporting electrolytes: tetrabutylammonium perchlorate or tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate. The biggest film mass gain was observed on a clean electrode surface. At further film deposition on the polyporphyrin-coated electrode, the film mass growth stopped. The electrodeposition effectiveness was somewhat higher in the potentiodynamic conditions, with the formation of a looser film. The nature of the supporting electrolyte did not have a significant effect on the electrodeposition process. A significant contribution to the deposition was made by the electrode material. The film thickness was 25–80 nm. The films possessed [Formula: see text]-type conductivity; and the flat-band potential for poly-H[Formula: see text]T(4-OHPh)P obtained in potentiodynamic conditions was 0.33 V, for poly-H[Formula: see text]T(4-OHPh)P obtained in potentiostatic conditions it was 0.16 V.
Topological properties of q-analogues of multiple zeta values
Authors: Li Zhonghua , Pan Ende
Published: October 2019

In the space of bounded real-valued functions on the interval (0,1), we study the convergent sequences of [Formula: see text]-analogues of multiple zeta values which do not converge to 0, and we obtain the derived sets of the set of some [Formula: see text]-analogue of multiple zeta values.
Design and Implementation of Genetic Fuzzy Controller for Split Air-Conditioner Control Based on Fanger’s PMV Index
Authors: Patil Chandrakant Balkrishna , Mudholkar R. R.
Published: October 2019

This paper reports the design and implementation of genetically optimized fuzzy logic controller (GAFLC) for split air-conditioner based on the principle of Fanger’s Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index. The proposed control strategy is aimed at improving the indoor thermal environment (ITE) at houses, offices, libraries, hotels, etc. because it plays a vital role in determining the health, physical and mental productivity of the occupants. The GAFLC has been implemented in MATLAB Simulink for computer simulation and also on hardware platform using the commercially available 8-bit ATmega-328 microcontroller through embedded C-coding for real practice. One part of the designed control algorithm examines the values of activity level, clothing insulation, air velocity, and relative humidity and decides the comfort temperature value to be set such that the PMV and PPD indices get satisfied. The other part generates a control signal to the air-conditioner compressor to maintain that temperature. From the simulation results it is seen that the generated comfort temperature values are in the range of 24.4∘– 26.55∘C for various combinations of environmental and personal parameters, which are well above the general temperature set value of 20∘C. This indicates the scope for reducing energy consumption to a greater extent. Also the PMV index lies in the range of [Formula: see text]0.23 to +[Formula: see text]0.36 with untuned fuzzy inference system (FIS), and in the range of [Formula: see text]0.32 to +[Formula: see text]0.14 with genetic algorithm (GA)-tuned FIS, which are acceptable comfort levels that human physiology can endure with more satisfaction. The experimental results show that GAFLC has generated a comfort temperature value for specified input parameters and also maintained the room temperature at that value to keep the thermal ambience more satisfactorily.
Reflections on Paradigm Shift in Urban System Reconstruction
Authors: PAN Jiahua
Published: October 2019

In the era of agricultural civilization, the city size and layout adapted to nature and natural productivity; while in the era of industrial civilization, the constraints of natural productivity were broken by technological means, and the increasing returns to scale have enabled the urban population size to exceed 10 million and the urban population density to exceed 10,000 people/km2. Under the paradigm of industrial civilization, the spatial agglomeration of resources is driven by economic rationality. Besides, China’s urban hierarchy has become a barrier and further strengthened the polarization trend of city size, resulting in an urban system in which the cities at higher administrative levels concentrate a lot of resources while suffering from prominent urban diseases, small- and medium-sized cities lack development vitality, and urban and rural areas are separated from each other. The historical experience that the flow of resource factors between urban and rural areas facilitates a relatively balanced spatial distribution of quality resources is worth learning. Under the paradigm of ecological civilization, it is important to harmonize humans with nature in the transformation and reconstruction by pursuing nature-based solutions, and build a low-carbon, resilient, and coordinated urban system.
Posttraumatic Growth at Work
Authors: Maitlis Sally
Published: October 2019

The phenomenon of posttraumatic growth—the transformative positive change that can occur as a result of a struggle with great adversity—has been a focus of interest for psychologists for more than two decades. Research on work-related posttraumatic growth has concentrated primarily on contexts that are inherently traumatic, either through direct exposure to trauma, such as in the military, or through secondary trauma, such as in professions that provide care for traumatized others. There is also an emerging literature on posttraumatic growth in “ordinary” work. Organized into seven sections, this review draws on the research on posttraumatic growth in response to both personal and work-based adversity to build a model of work-related posttraumatic growth. Later sections raise challenges in the study of posttraumatic growth at work and identify critical future research directions. Practical implications for organizations and their members are considered throughout the review and are summarized at the end.
Mutations and Response to Rapalogs in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nassar Amin H. , Hamieh Lana , Gray Kathryn P. , Thorner Aaron R. , Fay Andre P. , Lasseter Kathryn D. , Abou Alaiwi Sarah , Nuzzo Pier Vitale , Flippot Ronan , Krajewski Katherine M. , Signoretti Sabina , Choueiri Toni K. , Kwiatkowski David J.
Published: October 2019

We previously showed that alterations in mTOR pathway genes were correlated with response to rapalog therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), when the analysis focused on extremes of response. Herein, we expand on the prior cohort and examine genetic correlations with rapalog response in a dataset not selected for extremes of response. Tumors from 58 patients from the phase III trial of temsirolimus and 51 local patients with mRCC treated with rapalogs were studied. Somatic mutations were investigated using a targeted sequencing platform covering 27 genes. Clinical benefit (CB) was defined as patients with complete remission, partial response, or stable disease lasting at least 22 weeks. Mutational analyses focused on 5 mTOR pathway genes (TSC1, TSC2, MTOR, PTEN, PIK3CA) and 6 genes commonly mutated in RCC (BAP1, KDM5C, PBRM1 SETD2, TP53, and VHL). Among the 109 patients, 93 (85%) patients had clear cell histology, and 31 (28%) showed CB. Nine of 30 (30%) patients harboring mTOR pathway mutations in their tumor achieved CB versus 22 of 79 (28%) in the wild-type group. There was no distinct association between any individual or combination of mTOR pathway gene mutations and CB. Three of 7 patients with TSC1 mutations showed CB. In addition, none of the 6 genes commonly mutated in RCC showed a mutation pattern that correlated with CB. Overall, in this large and diverse population of patients with mRCC, there is no suggestion of a correlation between response to rapalog therapy and mutation status for mTOR pathway genes.
A Phase 3 Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label Efficacy and Safety Study of Immune Globulin (Human) 10% Caprylate/Chromatography Purified in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis Exacerbations
Authors: Karelis Guntis , Balasa Rodica , De Bleecker Jan L. , Stuchevskaya Tima , Villa Andres , Van Damme Philip , Lagrange Emmeline , Heckmann Jeannine M. , Nicolle Michael , Vilciu Crisandra , Bril Vera , Mondou Elsa , Griffin Rhonda , Chen Junliang , Henriquez Waleska , Garcia Beatriz , Camprubi Sandra , Ayguasanosa Jaume
Published: October 2019

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular transmission. Exacerbations may involve increasing bulbar weakness and/or sudden respiratory failure, both of which can be critically disabling. Management of MG exacerbations includes plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG); they are equally effective, but patients experience fewer side effects with IVIG. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of immune globulin caprylate/chromatography purified (IGIV-C) in subjects with MG exacerbations. Methods: This prospective, open-label, non-controlled 28-day clinical trial was conducted in adults with MG Foundation of America class IVb or V status. Subjects received IGIV-C 2 g/kg over 2 consecutive days (1 g/kg/day) and were assessed for efficacy/safety on Days 7, 14, 21, and 28. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from Baseline in quantitative MG (QMG) score to Day 14. Secondary endpoints of clinical response, Baseline to Day 14, included at least a 3-point decrease in QMG and MG Composite and a 2-point decrease in MG-activities of daily living (MG-ADL). Results: Forty-nine subjects enrolled. The change in QMG score at Day 14 was significant (p < 0.001) in the Evaluable (–6.4, n = 43) and Safety (–6.7, n = 49) populations. Among evaluable subjects, Day 14 response rates were 77, 86, and 88% for QMG, MG Composite, and MG-ADL, respectively. IGIV-C showed good tolerability with no serious adverse events. Conclusions: The results of this study show that IGIV-C was effective, safe, and well tolerated in the treatment of MG exacerbations.
Diagnostic Value of Computed Tomography Imaging Features in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Fortin Marc , Cabon Emmanuelle , Berbis Julie , Laroumagne Sophie , Guinde Julien , Elharrar Xavier , Dutau Hervé , Astoul Philippe
Published: October 2019

Background: Medical history, thoracentesis, and imaging features are usually the first steps in the investigation of a possible malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Unfortunately, the diagnostic yield of thoracentesis in this situation is suboptimal even if the procedure is repeated, especially in the context of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The next step for confirming the diagnosis, if clinically appropriate, is thoracoscopy, but not all patients are fit to undergo this procedure, so the diagnosis is then based on the medical history and imaging features only. Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the medical history and imaging features in MPM. Methods: We reviewed the imaging and medical charts of 92 patients with a final diagnosis of MPE included in our prospective medical thoracoscopy database. The clinical characteristics and imaging features of patients with primary MPE were compared with those of patients with secondary MPE. Results: Male sex (82 vs. 59%, p = 0.02), asbestos exposure (58 vs. 10%, p < 0.001), and mediastinal (68 vs. 33%, p = 0.04), diaphragmatic (75 vs. 31%, p = 0.001) and circumferential pleural thickening (55 vs. 19% p = 0.001) were significantly more frequent in MPM patients. In a multivariate linear regression model, only asbestos exposure (OR 11.2; 95% CI 3.4–36.9) and circumferential pleural thickening (OR 4.7; 95% CI 1.6–13.9) were significantly associated with a diagnosis of MPM. Conclusion: In situations where it is impossible to obtain adequate pleural samples to differentiate MPM from a secondary pleural malignancy, the combination of circumferential pleural thickening and a history of asbestos exposure may be sufficient to make a clinical diagnosis.
The Dark Side of Gefitinib: Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Applied to Hair Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Cosio Terenzio , Mazzilli Sara , Bianchi Luca , Campione Elena
Published: October 2019

Gefitinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Papulo-pustular and/or paronychia, abnormalities in hair growth, itching, and dryness due to epidermal growth factor inhibitors – i.e., PRIDE Complex – are a common effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We report a case of hair and eyebrow hyperpigmentation after 7 months of treatment with gefitinib. In the literature, we found no data regarding rapid pigmentation of hair due to treatment with any multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting both hair and eyebrow hyperpigmentation. We hypothesize the role of different mechanisms linked to rapid hair hyperpigmentation.
TRAF1 Exacerbates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via ASK1–JNK/p38 Signaling
Authors: Xu Weipan , Zhang Li , Zhang Yi , Zhang Kai , Wu Yongbo , Jin Daoqun
Published: October 2019

Background

After acute myocardial infarction, the recovery of ischemic myocardial blood flow may cause myocardial reperfusion injury, which reduces the efficacy of myocardial reperfusion. Ways to reduce and prevent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury are of great clinical significance in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction. TRAF1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 1) is an important adapter protein that is implicated in molecular events regulating immunity, inflammation, and cell death. Little is known about the role and impact of
TRAF
1 in myocardial I/R injury.

Methods and Results

TRAF
1 expression is markedly induced in wild‐type mice and cardiomyocytes after I/R or hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulation. I/R models were established in
TRAF
1 knockout mice and wild type mice (n=10 per group). We demonstrated that
TRAF
1 deficiency protects against myocardial I/R–induced loss of heat function, inflammation, and cardiomyocyte death. In addition, overexpression of
TRAF
1 in primary cardiomyocytes promotes hypoxia/reoxygenation‐induced inflammation and apoptosis in vitro. Mechanistically,
TRAF
1 promotes myocardial I/R injury through regulating ASK1 (apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1)–mediated JNK/p38 (c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase/p38) MAPK (mitogen‐activated protein kinase) cascades.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that
TRAF
1 aggravates the development of myocardial I/R injury by enhancing the activation of
ASK
1‐mediated
JNK
/p38 cascades. Targeting the
TRAF
1–
ASK
1–
JNK
/p38 pathway provide feasible therapies for cardiac I/R injury.
Disparities in Antihypertensive Prescribing After Stroke
Authors: Dalli Lachlan L. , Kim Joosup , Thrift Amanda G. , Andrew Nadine E. , Lannin Natasha A. , Anderson Craig S. , Grimley Rohan , Katzenellenbogen Judith M. , Boyd James , Lindley Richard I. , Pollack Michael , Jude Martin , Durairaj Ramesh , Shah Darshan , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Kilkenny Monique F. ,   on behalf of the Stroke123 Investigators and the AuSCR Consortium
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose—

Despite evidence to support the prescription of antihypertensive medications before hospital discharge to promote medication adherence and prevent recurrent events, many patients with stroke miss out on these medications at discharge. We aimed to examine patient, clinical, and system-level differences in the prescription of antihypertensive medications at hospital discharge after stroke.

Methods—

Adults with acute ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage alive at discharge were included (years 2009–2013) from 39 hospitals participating in the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry. Patient comorbidities were identified using the
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (Tenth Edition, Australian Modification
) codes from the hospital admissions and emergency presentation data. The outcome variable and other system factors were derived from the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry dataset. Multivariable, multilevel logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with the prescription of antihypertensive medications at hospital discharge.

Results—

Of the 10 315 patients included, 79.0% (intracerebral hemorrhage, 74.1%; acute ischemic stroke, 79.8%) were prescribed antihypertensive medications at discharge. Prescription varied between hospital sites, with 6 sites >2 SDs below the national average for provision of antihypertensives at discharge. Prescription was also independently associated with patient and clinical factors including history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, management in an acute stroke unit, and discharge to rehabilitation. In patients with acute ischemic stroke, females (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76–0.94), those who had greater stroke severity (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI 0.72–0.92), or dementia (odds ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.52–0.81) were less likely to be prescribed.

Conclusions—

Prescription of antihypertensive medications poststroke varies between hospitals and according to patient factors including age, sex, stroke severity, and comorbidity profile. Implementation of targeted quality improvement initiatives at local hospitals may help to reduce the variation in prescription observed.
Woody Plant Cover Estimation in Texas Savanna from MODIS Products
Authors: Yang Xuebin
Published: October 2019

Woody plant cover, the area of the vertical projection of woody plants (trees, shrubs, and bushes), plays an important role in the structure and function of savanna ecosystems and is needed by the savanna modeling community. Recent problems facing savanna ecosystems such as woody plant encroachment and subsequent habitat fragmentation further underscore the relevance of regional-scale and even larger-scale woody plant cover mapping. The mixture of woody plants and herbaceous vegetation in savanna landscapes lends woody plant cover mapping to fractional representation. This study endeavors to develop a simple and reliable approach for fractional woody plant cover mapping in savanna ecosystems. It was tested in the savanna of central Texas, which features a wide woody plant density gradation. A multiple linear regression model was calibrated between orthophoto-based fractional woody plant cover and metrics derived from time series MODIS products of surface reflectance (MOD09A1) and fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (MOD15A2H). By applying this model, woody plant cover was extrapolated to Texas savanna at MODIS scale (500 m). Validation suggests a mean absolute error of 0.098 and an R-squared value of 0.60. This study demonstrates a potential approach for woody plant cover mapping in other savanna ecosystems of the world. It also highlights the utility of time series MODIS products in savanna woody plant cover estimation.
Striving for Critical Reflection in Multicultural and Social Justice Teacher Education: Introducing a Typology of Reflection Approaches
Authors: Gorski Paul C. , Dalton Kelly
Published: October 2019

Multicultural and social justice teacher education (MSJTE) scholars often have argued the importance of critical reflection in the cultivation of equity and social justice minded educators. In this critical content analysis study, we used existing conceptualizations of critical reflection to analyze reflection assignments from MSJTE courses in education degree and licensing programs in the United States to identify the nature of critical reflection incorporated into them and what distinguished critical reflection opportunities from other reflective assignments. Based on this analysis, we offer the beginnings of a typology of five approaches to reflection in multicultural and social justice education courses: (a) amorphous “cultural” reflection, (b) personal identity reflection, (c) cultural competence reflection, (d) equitable and just school reflection, and (e) social transformation reflection. We describe the characteristics of each and the role they might play in MSJTE contexts.
When do consultative referendums improve democracy? Evidence from local referendums in Norway
Authors: Folkestad Bjarte , Klausen Jan Erling , Saglie Jo , Segaard Signe Bock
Published: October 2019

Consultative referendums may provide crucial information about public opinion but have received little attention in the literature compared with their binding counterparts. In this article, we analyse 221 Norwegian local consultative referendums on municipal amalgamation using the Venice Commission’s code on referendums. Much of the referendum literature suggests that consultative referendums are in fact binding. The municipal councils followed the outcomes of the referendums in most cases, but 14% chose to go against it. While the overall impression is that the outcomes of consultative referendums are seen as binding, the data indicate that ballot design may affect voters’ choice as well as council decisions. Although many democratic standards were met, the wording of questions and alternatives on the ballot paper were problematic in a number of cases – reducing the democratic value of the citizens’ advice.
The Migration State in the Global South: Nationalizing, Developmental, and Neoliberal Models of Migration Management
Authors: Adamson Fiona B. , Tsourapas Gerasimos
Published: October 2019

How do states in the Global South manage cross-border migration? This article identifies Hollifield’s “migration state” as a useful tool for comparative analysis yet notes that in its current version the concept is limited, given its focus on economic immigration in advanced liberal democracies. We suggest a framework for extending the “migration state” concept by introducing a typology of nationalizing, developmental, and neoliberal migration management regimes. The article explains each type and provides illustrative examples drawn from a range of case studies. To conclude, it discusses the implications of this analysis for comparative migration research, including the additional light it sheds on the migration management policies of states in the Global North.
Habit, experience and environment: A pragmatist perspective
Authors: Bridge Gary
Published: October 2019

Contemporary discussions of human–environment relations see habits as enabling forces of change (becoming) in contrast to traditional views of habit as routine and restrictive elements of identity (being). Vital life (becoming) is realised in habit through body repetition (Ravaisson) or through material force (Deleuze). This paper argues for the significance of the pragmatist work of John Dewey that shares this dispositional, enabling view of habit, but denies any dualism between life and mechanism. The paper explores Dewey’s idea of habits as mechanisms of natural forms of organisation that have different life force, depending on the situational qualities of environment–human transactions. This approach also implicates habit in problematisation. The paper goes on to discuss the implications of pragmatist thinking for understanding human–environment relations and the place that habits have in intervening in and reforming those relations through social activism and public policy.
Momentary sexual enjoyment: The dyadic roles of relationship satisfaction and contraception among mixed-gender dating couples
Authors: Blumenstock Shari M. , Papp Lauren M.
Published: October 2019

Enjoyable sexual experiences with a romantic partner are a vital element of healthy lives and happy relationships, yet positive experiences of sex, and associated interpersonal and contraceptive factors, have not been extensively studied at the momentary level. In particular, little is known about how relationship quality and contraception use simultaneously relate to both women’s and men’s momentary sexual experiences within young adult romantic relationships. Using electronic diary reports collected three times per day for 10 days ( n = 293 reports of sexual activity), this study assessed own and partner relationship satisfaction and contraception (hormonal and condom) use as predictors of momentary sexual enjoyment in 43 mixed-gender young adult dating couples. Dyadic multilevel model results indicated that women’s relationship satisfaction positively predicted sexual enjoyment for both women and men, whereas men’s relationship satisfaction was not associated with own or partner’s sexual enjoyment. Women’s hormonal contraception use was associated with lower momentary sexual enjoyment for women and their male partners. Condom use was infrequent and not associated with sexual enjoyment, contrary to our (and many young adults') expectations. All analyses controlled for relationship length and sexual frequency. Findings underscore the simultaneous importance of hormonal and relational factors in sexual outcomes within young adult romantic relationships, as well as the complex and interdependent nature of partnered sexual experiences.
Affection Deprivation in Marital Relationships: An Actor-partner Interdependence Mediation Analysis
Authors: Hesse Colin , Tian Xi
Published: October 2019

The current study sought to assess the dyadic effects of affection deprivation in marital relationships. We used the tenets of affection exchange theory to examine the actor and partner effects between affectionate communication, affection deprivation, and mental and relational outcomes. Moreover, we tested whether affection deprivation mediated the association between affectionate communication and outcome variables. In terms of actor effects, affectionate communication was associated with husbands’ depression, wives’ loneliness, and both husbands’ and wives’ marital quality and emotional intimacy. Affection deprivation was associated with all outcome variables for husbands and wives, except for wives’ emotional intimacy. We observed significant partner effects between affectionate communication and affection deprivation for both husbands and wives, as well as between wives’ affectionate communication and husbands’ emotional intimacy. Affection deprivation mediated some of the actor and partner effects between affectionate communication and outcome variables. Implications, connections to theory, and directions for future research are discussed.
Predictive value of scoring tools in determining heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Sullivan Jaclyn , Bak Erica , Sullivan Mary Jane , Gurnani Payal K.
Published: October 2019

There are currently no scoring tools validated for use in predicting heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This study aims to determine the predictive value of the Warkentin 4T score, Lilo-Le Louet score, and the heparin-induced thrombocytopenia expert probability score in detecting heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. This was a single center, retrospective, observational cohort study of patients at Rush University Medical Center. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia–positive patients were defined as those with an optical density greater than or equal to 0.4, consistent with a positive anti-platelet 4 heparin antibody. Out of 39 patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, six (15.4%) were found to be anti-platelet 4–positive. A heparin-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosis was confirmed by serotonin-release assay in two patients (5.1%). The 4T, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia expert probability, and Lilo-Le Louet scoring tools all demonstrated a low positive predictive value (21.4%, 16.7%, and 6.7%, respectively), with the 4T and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia expert probability scores demonstrating the highest specificity (66.7% and 84.8%, respectively) and lowest sensitivity (50% and 16.7%, respectively). The Lilo-Le Louet score had high sensitivity (100%) and low specificity (12.5%) in post-cardiopulmonary bypass patients. Based on the findings of this study, all three scoring tools have limited utility for predicting heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Profile Changes in Male Partner Abuser After an Intervention Program in Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Van Hoey Julie , Moret-Tatay Carmen , Santolaya Prego de Oliver Jesús Alberto , Beneyto-Arrojo María José
Published: October 2019

Gender-based violence is a phenomenon deeply rooted in social, cultural, psychological, and educational factors. To comply with social demands, Government agencies have promoted numerous development plans to reduce this kind of violence. The measures taken by the Spanish Government include preventive and educational measures as well as direct intervention with the victims and aggressors. This study is based on a Spanish psychological intervention with men convicted of gender-based violence. The study supports current evidence of male perpetrators as well as analyzing the effectiveness of these intervention programs. The results of the study indicate that the aggressors of gender-based violence present personality disorders, such as the compulsive behavior, and the results of intervention program indicate that the users obtain higher scores in social skills and empathy and lower scores in romantic jealousy and anger.
Attitudes of Psychiatry Residents in Canadian Universities toward Neuroscience and Its Implication in Psychiatric Practice
Authors: Hassan Taghreed , Prasad Benjamin , Meek Benjamin P. , Modirrousta Mandana
Published: October 2019

Objective:

Despite recent advances in neuroscience highlighting its potential applications in the assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders, the training of psychiatrists in neuroscience is lacking. However, it is not clear to what extent Canadian trainees are interested in further learning and using neuroscience in their daily clinical practice. This study explored the attitudes of Canadian psychiatry trainees with regard to neuroscience education and training by asking them to assess their own understanding of neuroscience and the perceived relevance of neuroscience knowledge to effective psychiatric practice.

Methods:

An online questionnaire was sent to psychiatry residents at Canadian universities. This questionnaire consisted of self-assessments of neuroscience knowledge, attitudes toward neuroscience education, preferences in learning modalities, and interest in specific neuroscience topics.

Results:

One hundred and eleven psychiatry residents from psychiatry residency programs at Canadian universities responded to this survey. Participants represented trainees from all 5 years of residency. Almost half of all trainees (49.0%) reported their knowledge of neuroscience to be either “inadequate” or “less than adequate,” and only 14.7% of trainees reported that they feel “comfortable” or “very comfortable” discussing neuroscience findings with their patients. 63.7% of Canadian trainees rated the quantity of neuroscience education in their residency program as either less than adequate or inadequate, and 46.1% rated the quality of their neuroscience education as “poor” or “very poor.” The vast majority of participants (>70%) felt that additional neuroscience education would be moderately-to-hugely helpful in finding personalized treatments, discovering future treatments, destigmatizing patients with psychiatric illness, and understanding mental illness.

Conclusions:

Canadian trainees generally feel that their neuroscience knowledge and the neuroscience education they receive during their psychiatry residencies is inadequate. However, as the first step for any change, the majority of future Canadian psychiatrists are very motivated and have a positive attitude toward neuroscience learning.
Flax treatment with strategic enzyme combinations: Effect on fiber fineness and mechanical properties of composites
Authors: De Prez Jana , Van Vuure Aart W , Ivens Jan , Aerts Guido , Van de Voorde Ilse
Published: October 2019

The application of natural fibers as reinforcement material in composites can make an important contribution toward a more sustainable bio-based economy. To use these natural fibers, they need to be released from the stem. Traditionally, this is realized by dew retting. However, there are some disadvantages to this retting procedure. Due to changing weather conditions, it is quite difficult to guarantee a good and consistent fiber quality. Replacing the traditional retting process by a biocatalytic process may resolve these issues through application of a combination of pectinase and hemicellulase activities. In this context, several strategic pectinase and hemicellulase activities were blended. Flax fiber fineness and mechanical properties of resulting unidirectional fiber–epoxy composites were studied after treatment of flax stems with these strategic enzyme combinations. Characterization of fiber fineness showed a higher percentage of fiber widths smaller than 100 µm after combined treatment with two enzymes (44.7%), and the percentage was even higher after some combinations with three enzymes (51.2%). Assessment of mechanical properties of composites showed no significant differences in tensile or transverse properties for combined enzymatic treatments. Fiber properties were back-calculated from unidirectional flax fiber–epoxy composites and a Young’s modulus of 88 GPa and a tensile strength of 865 MPa were observed. Enzymatic extraction resulted in the achievement of similar results as dew retting concerning mechanical composite performance and fiber fineness.
Use of Pamidronate for Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Renal Dysfunction
Authors: Norman Sarah J. , Reeves David J. , Saum Lindsay M.
Published: October 2019

Background:

Few studies have been conducted investigating the use of bisphosphonates in hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM) in the setting of renal dysfunction.

Objective:

The primary objective was to compare the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) within 7 days of receiving pamidronate for the treatment of HCM with pre-existing renal dysfunction versus normal renal function at the time of pamidronate administration. The secondary objectives explored the effects of pamidronate doses and infusion rates on the safety and efficacy in those with pre-existing renal dysfunction for the treatment of HCM.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who received pamidronate for the treatment of HCM at a community teaching hospital in Indianapolis, Indiana, from January 1, 2013, to May 31, 2017.

Results:

A total of 141 pamidronate administrations were included (116 patients had normal baseline renal function, and 25 patients had pre-existing renal dysfunction before pamidronate administration for the treatment of HCM). Two (8%) patients developed AKI in the pre-existing renal dysfunction group, compared with 4 (3.4%) patients in those without pre-existing renal dysfunction ( P = .288). For those with pre-existing renal dysfunction, the incidence of AKI did not differ based on the dosage of pamidronate given ( P = .762) or infusion rates ( P = .373).

Conclusion:

Pamidronate appears to have limited impact on renal function at doses up to 90 mg in the setting of pre-existing renal dysfunction for the treatment of HCM.
Thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis in a goat: case report and brief literature review
Authors: Byas Alex D. , Applegate Tanya J. , Stuart Amy , Byers Stacey , Frank Chad B.
Published: October 2019

A Rock Alpine doe ( Capra aegagrus hircus) was presented to the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital because of scaling and ulceration over the withers, coronary bands, and dewclaws. The doe was euthanized because of poor prognosis associated with a radiographically identified cranial mediastinal mass, increased respiratory effort, and discomfort. Autopsy revealed a cranial mediastinal mass, and scaling-to-ulcerative lesions affecting the dorsum, ventrum, pinna, neck, teats, coronary bands, and dewclaws. Histologically, the mediastinal mass was an epithelial neoplasm with admixed non-neoplastic T lymphocytes, consistent with a lymphoepithelial (mixed) thymoma. Sections of affected skin were characterized by hyperkeratotic cell-rich interface dermatitis with transepidermal and follicular apoptosis. Thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis has been recognized in cats and a rabbit, but has not been reported previously in a goat, to our knowledge. Given that thymomas are not uncommon in goats, thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis should be considered a clinical differential in goats with dermatologic disease.
Definition of a Good Death, Attitudes Toward Death, and Feelings of Interconnectedness Among People Taking Care of Terminally ill Patients With Cancer: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Gottardo Francesco , Botto Rossana , Tosi Chiara , Selvatico Marta , Torta Riccardo
Published: October 2019

The concept of a good death is crucial in palliative care, but its relationship with attitudes toward death and feelings of interconnectedness needs to be further deepened. The first aim of this study was to explore the concept of good death, attitudes toward death, and feelings of interconnectedness among family caregivers (FCs) and health-care providers (HCPs) of terminally ill patients with cancer. The second aim was to analyze associations of good death concept with attitudes toward death and feelings of interconnectedness. Participants were asked to assess the importance of features that characterize a good death. To explore each person’s attitude toward death and feelings of interconnectedness, 3 open questions were used. The sample consisted of 49 participants: 24 (48.98%) FCs and 25 (51.02%) HCPs. Nine good death features were considered essential by more than 70% of participants. These referred to the physical (eg, symptoms control), social (eg, loved ones’ presence), emotional (eg, sharing emotions), and spiritual (eg, inner peace) dimensions. Importance attributed to components of a good death such as patient’s awareness and acceptance of death, meaning, respect for the patient’s wishes, and inner peace were found to be associated with lack of avoidance and acceptance toward death and feelings of interconnectedness. Given the importance of FCs and HCPs in providing care and their impact on the patients’ dying process, it is necessary to reflect upon how their personal attitudes and previous experiences influence the care of dying patients.
The Role of Environmental Context in Modulating Subjective Sleepiness and Sleep Quality in the Elderly: A Comparison Between Home-Dwelling Subjects and Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Conte Francesca , Malloggi Serena , Albinni Benedetta , Cerasuolo Mariangela , Ficca Gianluca , Giganti Fiorenza
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the role of environmental context in modulating subjective sleep quality and sleepiness in healthy elderlies living at home or in a nursing home. Twenty-five home-dwelling subjects and 18 nursing home residents rated their sleepiness hourly from 8:30 a.m. to 10:30 p.m. for three nonconsecutive days. Sleep quality, lifestyle, and sleep habits were also evaluated. Compared with home-dwelling subjects, nursing home residents showed a more sedentary lifestyle, advanced bedtime and awakening time, and a relatively stable vigilance level during the waking period. No differences emerged for subjective sleep quality and global vigilance levels between the two groups. Life in a nursing home does not affect sleep quality and global vigilance in healthy elderly subjects, but contributes to flatten their vigilance daily fluctuations. Including nursing home residents in daily activities could be useful to improve their conscious feeling of alertness variations.
High structural insulation composite material development with electromagnetic protection effect reinforced with carbon fibers and particles
Authors: D Soyaslan Devrim
Published: October 2019

Many articles in the literature discuss about the harmful effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by electrical and electronic devices on human health. The composite panels, which are the subject of this study, are designed with the inspiration of the absence of a protective wall covering material from the effects of electromagnetic waves in the market. This study aims to develop a material with electromagnetic insulation as well as heat and sound insulation for especially civil engineering and space engineering applications. In the study, panels are produced by adding carbon fibre and carbon particles into the polyurethane matrix. Heat transmission coefficient tests, sound absorption measurement tests and electromagnetic protection efficiency tests have been made for panels. As a result of the tests, electromagnetic protection values ranging from 22 to 83 dB were obtained from panels and heat transfer coefficient values were found to be less than the standard values of 0.06 W/mK and sound insulation values were found to be having the lowest 0.22 and the highest 0.90 Hz sound absorption coefficient. In addition to the above findings, the composite panels were elastic, lightweight and smooth. Finally, it is determined that the composite panels developed in this study satisfy the conditions required for heat, sound and electromagnetic insulation for engineering applications.
Measuring stroke and transient ischemic attack burden in New Zealand: Protocol for the fifth Auckland Regional Community Stroke Study (ARCOS V)
Authors: Feigin Valery L , Krishnamurthi Rita , Barker-Collo Suzanne , Barber P Alan , Rathnasabapathy Yogini , Te Ao Braden , Parmar Priya , Mahon Susan , Tunnage Bronwyn , Swain Andrew , Arroll Bruce , Elder Hinemoa , Tautolo El-Shadan , Parag Varsha , Anderson Craig , Bennett Derrick , Thrift Amanda G , Cadilhac Dominique A , Brown Paul , Ranta Annemarei , Douwes Jeroen
Published: October 2019

Aim: The goal of this paper is to provide a protocol for conducting a fifth population-based Auckland Regional Community Stroke study (ARCOS V) in New Zealand. Methods and Discussion: In this study, for the first time globally, (1) stroke and TIA burden will be determined using the currently used clinical and tissue-based definition of stroke, in addition to the WHO clinical classifications of stroke used in all previous ARCOS studies, as well as more advanced criteria recently suggested for an “ideal” population-based stroke incidence and outcomes study; and (2) age, sex, and ethnic-specific trends in stroke incidence and outcomes will be determined over the last four decades, including changes in the incidence of acute cerebrovascular events over the last decade. Furthermore, information at four time points over a 40-year period will allow the assessment of effects of recent changes such as implementation of the FAST campaign, ambulance pre-notification, and endovascular treatment. This will enable more accurate projections for health service planning and delivery. Conclusion: The methods of this study will provide a foundation for future similar population-based studies in other countries and populations.