bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normen der deutschen Bühnenaussprache in der Fachliteratur des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Hoffmann Ulrich Thilo
Published: May 2021

Die deutsche Standardaussprache unterliegt heute relativ festen Normen, die zum großen Teil das Ergebnis langjähriger Bemühungen um eine überregionale Bühnenaussprache insbesondere im 19. Jahrhundert sind. An einer Erforschung historischer Aussprachenormen findet nicht nur die Sprechwissenschaft Interesse, sondern jüngst auch die Musikwissenschaft im Rahmen der historisch informierten Aufführungspraxis. Die Entwicklung der deutschen Standardaussprache ist seit Längerem Gegenstand der Orthoepieforschung der halleschen Sprechwissenschaft, Schwerpunkte waren bislang jedoch das 20. und 21. Jahrhundert. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, Normen der deutschen Bühnenaussprache im 19. Jahrhundert in Form möglichst konkreter phonetischer Merkmale zu rekonstruieren. Dazu wurde eine Auswahl zeitgenössischer Publikationen verschiedener Disziplinen einer Inhaltsanalyse unterzogen, Aussprachenormen mit fachübergreifender Gültigkeit verglichen und konkrete Aussagen zu speziellen Anforderungen der Bühne einbezogen. Die Analyse zeigt, dass viele der damaligen Normen in zahlreichen Merkmalen mit der heutigen Standardaussprache übereinstimmen, besonders auf lautlicher Ebene jedoch mehr oder weniger prägnante Abweichungen zu finden sind. Dazu gehören differenziertere Unterscheidungen von Lauten bei geschriebenem  und von E-Vokalen, die durchgehende Verwendung des Zungenspitzen-R und das Fehlen von Elisions- und Assimilationsprozessen. Ausgehend von den Ergebnissen der Literaturanalyse wurden schließlich Überlegungen zur praktischen Anwendbarkeit der Aussprachemerkmale im Rahmen historisch informierter Bühnenprojekte angestellt.
An Overview of Traditional Small-Scale Poultry Production in Low-Income, Food-Deficit Countries
Authors:   Bartridge House, Umberleigh, EX37 9AS, UK, RT Wilson
Published: May 2021

Poultry production is an activity that is engaged in by a majority of traditional small-scale farmers around the world. The percentage of participants engaged in this enterprise exceeds all those participating in other forms of domestic livestock production. Domestic fowl (“chickens”) are overwhelmingly the main species around the globe world but at least eight other species of bird are reared with regional preferences for one or the other type. A multitude of breeds or varieties are present within species which provide a genetic resource of truly inestimable value and whose genes need to be conserved for posterity. Output of live birds, meat and eggs is low in the mainly extensive or semi-intensive production systems but input costs (labour, feed and medicines) are also low. Poultry contribute to poverty alleviation, household food security, create opportunities for employment and are an asset that can be rapidly converted to income. Women and children are often the principal beneficiaries of small-scale production both as managers and owners. Housing is often rudimentary, the mainly scavenged feed is of inadequate quantity and quality and health interventions are minimal except for vaccination against the plagues of Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza. Marketing of surplus birds or product sales is largely informal but the system is quite appropriate for the sector. Official policies relating to traditional production are often minimal. There are opportunities for improved production and thus for contributing to human welfare in training of owners in management and in improving nutrition and health of the birds.
Economic Analysis of Fuel Oil Production from Pyrolysis of Waste Plastic
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wah, Pakistan, Hamid Kinza , Sabir Rabia ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wah, Pakistan, Hameed Khawar ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wah, Pakistan, Waheed Ammara ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wah, Pakistan, Ansari Muhammad Usama ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wah, Pakistan
Published: May 2021

The Global plastic production has reached up to 300 million tons in 2015, and waste management has become a serious issue especially in middle and low income countries such as Pakistan. Pakistan, which is producing 1.32 million ton/year of plastic waste, is also facing the issue of environmental pollution as well as unadequate waste dumping ability due to surge in urban population. Among various waste management techniques, pyrolysis has been receiving attention because it offers solution to two most critical problems, energy shortage and environmental pollution. The main purpose of this paper is to produce fuel oil by waste plastic through the pyrolysis process and its cost estimation. Waste plastic decomposes in a various fraction of hydrocarbons catalytically at 400oC. These hydrocarbons are separated through distillation columns and phase separators as light and heavy fuel oil and wax. The economic analysis shows that the estimated total capital investment required for a pyrolysis plant is $0.2 million, the estimated total production cost of pyrolysis plant is $1.6 million/year. The results shows that pyrolysis of waste plastic to produce fuel oil can be the viable solution to meet Pakistan’s energy demand as well as to solve waste dumping issue.
CAVIAR: a method for automatic cavity detection, description and decomposition into subcavities
Authors: Marchand Jean-Rémy , Pirard Bernard , Ertl Peter , Sirockin Finton
Published: May 2021

The accurate description of protein binding sites is essential to the determination of similarity and the application of machine learning methods to relate the binding sites to observed functions. This work describes CAVIAR, a new open source tool for generating descriptors for binding sites, using protein structures in PDB and mmCIF format as well as trajectory frames from molecular dynamics simulations as input. The applicability of CAVIAR descriptors is showcased by computing machine learning predictions of binding site ligandability. The method can also automatically assign subcavities, even in the absence of a bound ligand. The defined subpockets mimic the empirical definitions used in medicinal chemistry projects. It is shown that the experimental binding affinity scales relatively well with the number of subcavities filled by the ligand, with compounds binding to more than three subcavities having nanomolar or better affinities to the target. The CAVIAR descriptors and methods can be used in any machine learning-based investigations of problems involving binding sites, from protein engineering to hit identification. The full software code is available on GitHub and a conda package is hosted on Anaconda cloud.
Predicting Enzymatic Reactions with a Molecular Transformer
Authors: Kreutter David , Schwaller Philippe , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: May 2021

The use of enzymes for organic synthesis allows for simplified, more economical and selective synthetic routes not accessible to conventional reagents. However, predicting whether a particular molecule might undergo a specific enzyme transformation is very difficult. Here we used multi-task transfer learning to train the Molecular Transformer, a sequence-to-sequence machine learning model, with one million reactions from the US Patent Office (USPTO) database combined with 32,181 enzymatic transformations annotated with a text description of the enzyme. The resulting Enzymatic Transformer model predicts the structure and stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reaction products with remarkable accuracy. One of the key novelties is that we combined the reaction SMILES language of only 405 atomic tokens with thousands of human language tokens describing the enzymes, such that our Enzymatic Transformer not only learned to interpret SMILES, but also the natural language as used by human experts to describe enzymes and their mutations.
Resolving the Ultrafast Dynamics of the Anionic Green Fluorescent Protein Chromophore in Water
Authors: Jones Chey , List Nanna Holmgaard , Martínez Todd J.
Published: May 2021

The chromophore of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) is critical for probing environmental influences on fluorescent protein behavior. Using the aqueous system as a bridge between the unconfined vacuum system and a constricting protein scaffold, we investigate the steric and electronic effects of the environment on the photodynamical behavior of the chromophore. Specifically, we perform ab initio multiple spawning to simulate five picoseconds of nonadiabatic dynamics after photoexcitation, resolving the excited-state pathways responsible for internal conversion in the aqueous chromophore. We identify an ultrafast pathway that proceeds through a short-lived (sub-picosecond) imidazolinone-twisted (I-twisted) species and a slower (several picoseconds) channel that proceeds through a long-lived phenolate-twisted (P-twisted) intermediate. The molecule navigates the non-equilibrium energy landscape via an aborted hula-twist-like motion towards the one-bond-flip dominated conical intersection seams, as opposed to following the pure one-bond-flip paths proposed by the excited-state equilibrium picture. We interpret our simulations in the context of time-resolved fluorescence experiments, which use short and long time components to describe the fluorescence decay of the aqueous GFP chromophore. Our results suggest that the longer time component is caused by an energetically uphill approach to the P-twisted intersection seam rather than an excited-state barrier to reach the twisted intramolecular charge transfer species. Irrespective of the location of the non-adiabatic population events, the twisted intersection seams are inefficient at facilitating isomerization in aqueous solution. The disordered and homogeneous nature of the aqueous solvent environment facilitates non-selective stabilization with respect to I- and P-twisted species, offering an important foundation for understanding the consequences of selective stabilization in heterogeneous and rigid protein environments.
InteraChem: Virtual Reality Visualizer for Reactive Interactive Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Seritan Stefan , Wang Yuanheng , Ford Jason E. , Valentini alessio , Gold Tom , Martínez Todd J.
Published: May 2021

Interactive molecular dynamics in virtual reality (IMD-VR) simulations provide a digital molecular playground for students as an alternative or complement to traditional molecular modelling kits or 2D illustrations. Previous IMD-VR studies have used molecular mechanics to enable simulations of macromolecules such as proteins and nanostructures for the

classroom setting with considerable success. Here, we present the INTERACHEM molecular visualizer, intended for reactive IMD-VR simulation using semiempirical and ab initio methods.

INTERACHEM visualizes not only the molecular geometry, but also 1) isosurfaces such as molecular orbitals and electrostatic potentials, and 2) two-dimensional graphs of time-varying

simulation quantities such as kinetic/potential energy, internal coordinates, and user-applied force. Additionally, INTERACHEM employs speech recognition to facilitate user interaction and introduces a novel “atom happiness” visualization using emojis to indicate the energetic

feasibility of a particular bonding arrangement. We include a set of accompanying exercises that we have used to teach chemical reactivity in small molecular systems.
Hot Exciplexes in U-Shaped TADF Molecules with Emission from Locally Excited States
Authors: Schleper A. Lennart , Goushi Kenichi , Bannwarth Christoph , Haehnle Bastian , Welscher Philipp , Adachi Chihaya , Kuehne Alexander
Published: May 2021

Rapid reverse intersystem crossing and high color purity are vital characteristics of emitters with thermally activated delayed fluorescence in opto-electronic devices. We present a new approach, called “hot exciplexes” that enables access to both attributes at the same time. Hot exciplexes are produced by coupling facing donor and acceptor moieties to an anthracene bridge, yielding an exciplex with large T1 to T2 spacing. The hot exciplex model is investigated using optical spec-troscopy and quantum chemical simulations. Reverse intersystem crossing is found to occur preferentially from the T3 to the S1 state within only a few nanoseconds. Application and practi-cality of the model are shown by fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes with up to 32 % hot exciplex contribution and low efficiency roll-off.
Report on an NIH Workshop on Ultralarge Chemistry Databases
Authors: Warr Wendy
Published: May 2021

No supplementary data
Towards Reproducible Enzyme Modeling with Isothermal Titration Calorimetry
Authors: Ott Felix , Rabe Kersten S. , Niemeyer Christof M , Gygli Gudrun
Published: May 2021

An experimental workflow to provide detailed information of the molecular mechanisms of enzymes is described. This workflow will help in the application of enzymes in technical processes by providing crucial parameters needed to plan, model and implement biocatalytic processes more efficiently. These parameters are homogeneity of the enzyme sample (HES), kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of enzyme kinetics and binding of reactants to enzymes. The techniques used to measure these properties are dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis spectrophotometry and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) respectively. The workflow is standardized by the use of SOPs and python-scripted data analysis. We have used the NADPH-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase Gre2p as a challenging enzyme to demonstrate the power of this workflow. Our work highlights the utility for combined binding and kinetic studies for such complex multi-substrate reactions and the importance of sample quality control during experiments.
Poverty, income inequality and living standards in Ireland
Authors:   ESRI, Roantree Barra , Maître Bertrand ,   ESRI, McTague Alyvia ,   ESRI, Privalko Ivan ,   ESRI
Published: May 2021

This report – funded by the Community Foundation for Ireland – brings together data from household surveys collected by the ESRI and the Central Statistics Office to create the first harmonised set of indicators on incomes, income inequality and poverty covering the period 1987 to 2019. These will be published on the ESRI website and can be used by policymakers, academics, journalists and the wider public to inform discussions around income inequality, poverty and deprivation.
Potential sources of anti-obesity compound – hydroxycitric acid among some of the underutilized fruits in the Philippines
Authors: Bagabaldo P.A. , Hurtada W.A. , Laurena A.C. , Atienza L.M.
Published: May 2021

Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a derivative of citric acid, is one of the promising food
components with reported anti-obesity properties. HCA is currently extracted only from
its principal source, Garcinia cambogia, which is not readily available in the country.
Herewith, the study aims to identify potential sources of HCA among local underutilized
fruits to increase their current commercial use. A total of twenty underutilized fruits
generally rich in citric acid were screened via histochemical staining to detect the presence
of HCA. Those samples that produced the characteristic reddish orange colour complexes
indicative of HCA have undergone further experiments including extraction (via water
extraction method), quantification (via spectrophotometry), and identity validation (via
thin layer chromatography) to determine the actual HCA sources. Out of the 20 local fruits
tested, HCA was found only from Tamarindus indica L. (tamarind) flesh at 3.731±0.046 g
HCA/100 g fresh weight and from Garcinia binucao (batuan) flesh and seeds at
3.447±0.059 g HCA/100 g fresh weight and 1.241±0.009 g HCA/100 g fresh weight,
respectively. Meanwhile, most of the other fruits tested were found to contain merely
citric acid. This study could bring new ways in utilizing batuan and tamarind fruits as
functional ingredients in nutraceuticals and value-added products, thereby increasing its
current health and economic significance.
"Te kōwhiringa pōti Māori: Me rārangi Māori, me rārangi auraki rānei?" Exploring rangatahi Māori experiences of the Māori electoral option process: A mixed-method approach
Authors: Kearney-Parata Ruben
Published: May 2021

In Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori voters have the option to sign up for one of two electoral rolls: the Māori roll or the general roll. This function of Indigenous political choice and representation occupies a unique place in Aotearoa New Zealand’s constitutional arrangements.

While the Māori electorates have been around for over 150 years, the number of seats have grown from only four to seven in the New Zealand House of Parliament. Electoral roll populations determine the number of seats in Parliament, and provide a sole line of accountability to Māori communities for elected representatives. The Māori Electoral Option, which provides voters the opportunity to change rolls, is only presented once every five years. In this thesis I identify three pervasive systemic barriers, as well as a number of other issues, present in the electoral roll option process.

This research contributes to the growing literature looking at rangatahi Māori experiences intersecting with identity, place, space and time. Through a Kaupapa Māori lens, this thesis uses interview findings and quantitative analysis to discuss the experiences of rangatahi navigating the Māori electoral roll choice. Here I explore the various influences and complexities which impact rangatahi Māori interaction with the electoral rolls as well as the broader socio-political landscape.
Clutter removal in millimeter wave GB-SAR images using OTSU’s thresholding method
Authors: YİĞİT Enes , DEMİRCİ Şevket , ÖZDEMİR Caner
Published: May 2021

In this study, a filtering method based on the threshold value of normalized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is proposed to eliminate clutter in millimeter wave ground based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) images. In the proposed method, first, stepped frequency continuous wave SAR data are reconstructed by using the back-projection algorithm and focused complex SAR data are obtained. Then, the amplitude values of the complex SAR data are normalized and the best threshold values to distinguish the target from clutter is determined by the OTSU’s thresholding method. Next, a filter mask is created that cancels all data below the computed threshold values. The mask matrix is finally multiplied with the resulted GB-SAR data to eliminate all clutter from the image. With the proposed technique, the best threshold value is determined automatically by directly processing the raw data without converting the SAR data into any RGB images. The proposed technique is validated through real GB-SAR experiments that were carried out in the frequency band of 78-81 GHz. In the experiments, challenging GB-SAR data are obtained using high cluttered background materials, and very successful filtering operations are performed with the proposed technique.
Profesionalisme Jurnalis TV di Era Disruptif Media (Studi Kasus Jurnalis Celebes TV Kota Makassar)
Authors: Soni Alem Febri , Muannas Muannas , Novianti Teti
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the level of professionalism among television celebrity journalists in the age of media disruption. The research method used is qualitatively descriptive. with a case study approach, namely the research carried out that is focused on a particular case and needs to be carefully observed and analyzed to completion. The results of this study show that Celebes television journalists, in performing their duties and jobs as press representatives, understand methods of reporting and presenting news based on the objectivity of data and in accordance with the facts in the field. The professionalism of journalistic work is highly valued in the current era of disruption, always referring to the press law and adhering to the journalistic code of ethics. Celebes television journalists are able to provide accurate, balanced information to sources by reviewing data and reflecting on different perspectives or news angles in an event.Keywords: Journalist, Professionalism, Disruption, Celebes Tv, Journalistic Code of Ethics
Belajar Mandiri dan Pembelajaran Berbasis Daring di Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Darwis M
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the independence of students in conducting off-campus learning activities without the physical presence of faculty but using information technology tools in different rooms and locations. The variables for independent learning and online-based learning were limited during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). The secondary data needed comes from student responses to online-based learning that are linked to aspects of independent learning activities for students. The population in this study was all undergraduate students in Educational Technology, Universitas Pejuang RI. Macassar. The sample was collected using a dedicated sampling method that focused only on students enrolled in the Education Communication System course. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online-based learning was implemented. The data was collected through online questionnaires and in-depth interviews with several students in order to obtain more detailed information. The data analysis technique used in this study is percentage description analysis, which consists of data acquisition, data reduction, data presentation and final drawing. The results of this study show that the activities of students in online-based learning in the subject of educational communication systems show a positive correlation with learning independence, with details of the aspects being assessed. The ability to ask and answer questions about the material being taught is (61.12%) and can provide immediate feedback on the faculty of the instructor's questions (60.14%) on the aspect of the ability to do tasks appropriately and the content of the Material processed with references gives solid and integrated course material (50.22%). The conclusion is behind online learning and its problems. However, positive data are obtained from the independent attitude of students to learning. This is because online learning in college can improve the ability to ask questions on the fly, provide feedback according to the originality of their thoughts, and process course materials with other supportive materials of the initiative. alone. Keywords: Independent learning; online learning
Village Fund Allocation Management Competency in Kapala Pitu District, North Toraja Regency
Authors: Niswaty Risma , Nur Andi Cudai , Sesa Diaz Rency
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine and describe the Competence of Village Fund Allocation Management in Kapala Pitu District, North Toraja Regency. The method used is an interactive model, namely data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and verification of conclusions. The results show that 1) The availability of adequate information about village funds is considered to have been implemented effectively. 2). Public knowledge and insights about village funds are considered to have been implemented effectively. 3). Increasing public trust in the management of the Village Fund is considered to have run effectively. 4). The increased community participation in village fund activities is considered to have been implemented effectively. Overall, it can be understood that the Competency of Village Fund Allocation Management in Kapala Pitu District, North Toraja Regency has been running effectively. project finished. So that the responsiveness of the village community in Kapala Pitu to the implementation of village governance runs well, the allocation in the implementation of the village fund program has been able to increase public trust in the village government, the result is that village development is getting more advanced. The creation of a good relationship between the community and the government through community empowerment with the labor-intensive model of the local village community is given the opportunity to implement the village fund program both in physical and non-physical development.
PERSEPSI GURU MENGENAI GURU IDEAL
Authors: Wahyuddin Wahyuddin , Ismayanti Martina
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi guru mengenai konsep dan karakteristik guru ideal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi agar dapat fokus pada persepsi individu, yaitu guru SMA Kecamatan Simboro sebagai partisipan, dengan cara mewawancarai mereka secara semi terstruktur. Teknik analisis data kualitatif diaplikasikan dengan menggunakan bantuan software NVivo. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep guru ideal menurut partisipan adalah guru yang bermanfaat bagi siswa, institusi, masyarakat, bangsa dan negara. Sedangkan kriteria atau karakteristik guru ideal menurut mereka yaitu guru yang memiliki karakter positif, menguasai konten atau materi yang diajarkan, memiliki kompetensi pedagogik, professional, berpengalaman, melakukan kontribusi sosial, dan terus melakukan pengembangan diri.
MENINGKATKAN PARTISIPASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR LISTENING PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X IPA 3 SMAN 5 ENREKANG MELALUI PERMAINAN BERBISIK
Authors: Mastura Mastura
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aims to increase the participation and listening learning outcomes of class X IPA 3 SMAN 5 Enrekang students through whispering game techniques. Data obtained from preliminary observations, observations of each cycle of teacher activities, activities and student participation during the learning process, student test results, questionnaire results before and after the application of actions, and structured interview results of students. Data analysis for each round includes data reduction, data exposure, and data inference. The whispering game steps in the listening class are carried out with initial, core, and final learning. The results of this study can improve the learning atmosphere more interesting, lively, and entertaining because learning is centered on students and student participation increases from time to time. The learning outcomes of students' listening increased from the preliminary study to cycle 1, the average value of students became 57.78, in cycle 2 it became 65.83, and in cycle 3 it became 74.72.Keywords: listening, Learning Outcomes, Participation, Whispering Games
The Influence Of Double Branding Strategy On Consumer Appeal Of Bulog Public Corporation Regional Division Of Sulselbar In Makassar City
Authors: Adelia Winalda , Akib Haedar , Rizal Muh , Aslinda Andi
Published: May 2021

The aims of this research are (1) To know the overview of the double branding strategy of Bulog public corporation regional division of Sulselbar in Makassar city. (2) To know the influence factors of consumer attractiveness to KITA's products at Bulog of Sulselbar in Makassar city. (3) To know the influence of the double branding strategy model to consumer attractiveness at Bulog of Sulselbar in Makassar city. The type of this research is a simple regression analysis with a quantitative approach. To achieve the above aims using data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires, and documentation and analyzed using statistical formulas. The results showed that the double branding strategy had an effect on consumer attractiveness. with a correlation coefficient value of 0.775 and a coefficient of determination of 60.1 percent.
The Influence of Service Quality on inpatients Satisfaction: Study at Bahagia Hospitals, Makassar City
Authors: Sakawati Herlina , Agustina Nina , Sulmiah Sulmiah
Published: May 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality on inpatient satisfaction at the Bahagia Hospital in Makassar City. The research method used is a quantitative survey method using an explanatory approach. A sample of 100 people who are inpatients at the Bahagia Hospital using accidental sampling technique. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The results showed that the quality of service had a significant influence on the satisfaction of inpatients at the Bahagia Hospital. This shows that service quality has an important role so that service delivery can provide results in accordance with what patients expect
Efforts to Improve Student Understanding and Learning Outcomes through the Discovery Learning Learning Model
Authors: Junus Arsin
Published: May 2021

To create an attractive learning atmosphere, a teacher needs an approach that is a discovery learning model in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to improve learning understanding and learning outcomes of Inpres Tompudau students in natural science learning material vegetative propagation of plants through the application of discovery learning models. The research method used is classroom action research consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting through two cycles. Data collection techniques, namely observation, tests, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses qualitative and quantitative data techniques with indicators of success seen from an increase in the minimum completeness criteria (KKM) for science subjects for Grade VI students of SDN Inpres Tompudau Semester 1 of the 2019/2020 academic year. Students can be said to be completing individually in learning if they meet the specified KKM value standards if the specified KKM standard is 65 and the student exceeds that value then it can be ascertained that the student is complete, and classically 85% of the total is declared complete learning and 85% of the number stated an increase in understanding of learning. The results showed that the use of discovery learning models could improve the understanding and learning outcomes of Grade VI students of SDN Inpres Tompudau regarding the vegetative propagation of plants in the first semester of the 2019/2020 academic year.
Kantian Ethics Towards A Justifiable Business And Trade Practices: Envisaging A Humanitarian Society
Authors: O. Abakare Chris
Published: May 2021

The Kantian code of ethics is guided by pure practical reason and since reason is consistent and permits no exceptions to favor the lawmaker or its adherent, the moral law is also consistent and inflexible. This nature of the law is very significant for trade as trade norms cannot be flexed to favor a particular nation or company. This paper believes that Kantian cosmopolitanism should be the credo of business and trade. The reason for this assertion is because the ultimate goal of humanity is a prosperous living of all people in a spirit of unity. Humanity is at its best when rising above the barriers of race, caste and creed. And Kant's ethics has always recommended a path for humanity that leads to this cohesion. Ethical commonwealth, cosmopolitanism, League of Nations and Kingdom of ends have in themselves this one-point agenda to envisage a humanitarian society that takes pride in peaceable solidarity of human existence.
REMAJA PUTUS SEKOLAH PADA KOMUNITAS PEKERJA SAWAH DI DESA LEWORENG KECAMATAN DONRI-DONRI KABUPATEN SOPPENG
Authors: Ramli Mauliadi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana faktor penyebab remaja putus sekolah dan peran orang tua dalam menghadapi remaja yang putus sekolah di Desa Leworeng Kecamatan Donri-Donri kabupaten Soppeng. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif yang menggambarkan masalah remaja putus sekolah Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang tua di Desa Leworeng tidak mampu  menjalankan menjalankan fungsi keluarga dengan baik sehingga anaknya putus sekolah, hal ini dikarenakan  tingkat pendidikan orang tua yang rendah, pendidikan dianggap bukan perioritas utama, ibu yang bekerja mencari nafkah, banyaknya jumlah anak dalam keluarga, dan faktor ekonomi  keluarga. Adapun faktor penyebab remaja putus sekolah yakni dari lingkungan keluarga antara lain kasih sayang dari orang tua sangat berpengaruh terhadap keadaan psikologis anak, pola pikir anak yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan keluarga, kondisi dalam lingkungan keluarga yang kurang mendukung, sikap pasrah dan tidak mau peduli orang tua terhadap kondisi dan perkembangan anak secara maksimal, dan kondisi ekonomi orang tua. Adapun faktor pendukung berhentinya anak dari bangku sekolah di Desa Leworeng Kecamatan Donri-Donri kabupaten Soppeng antara lain dari lingkungan sekolah yakni sikap guru di sekolah, aturan sekolah yang menjadi beban, teman-teman di sekolah serta prestasi anak di sekolah. Sedangkan faktor dari lingkungan tempat tinggal, kondisi lingkungan yang berpotensi negative yakni jumlah anak yang sering mabuk-mabuk,judi togel jauh lebih banyak dari pada jumlah remaja mesjid mencerminkan lingkungan pergaualan yang buruk.
Hinterland connectivity as a driver of the development of competitiveness of Polish ports in the post-EU accession period
Authors: Tarkowski Maciej , Goliszek Sławomir , Bocheński Tadeusz
Published: May 2021

Academic research has indicated that port competitiveness is multidimensional. Although a wide range of drivers of port competitiveness has already been determined, particular ports seem to use different sets of them at different development stages. This paper argues that significant growth in transhipment in Polish ports results from infrastructural development and mainly from enhanced hinterland connectivity. Before Poland had joined the EU, the hinterland connectivity was so underdeveloped that it was more convenient for many companies to use services of the German North Sea ports. However, with EU funds, road investments, travel times between the ports and hinterland have shortened by at least one-quarter. Moreover, the development of railway lines as well as the increase in the number of intermodal container terminals in the hinterland have also improved accessibility to the ports. Rail transport is especially significant for maintaining the competitiveness of ports at times of cutting-edge industry change, increasing the role of economies of scale in shipping.
„Był zawsze artystą”. Święty brat Albert w relacjach metropolity Andrzeja Szeptyckiego
Authors: Ratajczak Wiesław
Published: May 2021

Adam Chmielowski, znany jako św. brat Albert, był malarzem, mistykiem i sługą ubogich. Wywarł szczególny wpływ na współczesnych mu artystów, pisarzy, uczonych, ziemian i arystokratów. Jego osobowość fascynowała, a wzór życia stanowił wyzwanie dla współczesnych. Tematem artykułu są relacje między nim a Andrzejem Szeptyckim, lwowskim metropolitą Kościoła greckokatolickiego. Łączyła ich wieloletnia przyjaźń, z inspiracji hierarchy Chmielowski dokończył swój najbardziej znany obraz – Ecce homo. Wspomnienia metropolity ukazują wielowymiarowość franciszkańskiego doświadczenia wpisanego w biografię świętego. Są też próbą uchwycenia osobowości artysty.
Long-term Effect of Intravenous Iron Carboxymaltose Treatment on Oxidative Stress in Women with Iron Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Pektaş Gökhan , Kırlı İsmail
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aims to clarify the effects of intravenous iron supplementation on biomarkers for oxidative stress in women with iron deficiency anemia.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional review of 40 healthy women and 40 women who underwent intravenous iron treatment due to anemia. Biochemical markers for oxidative stress were determined for both healthy controls and anemic patients. These markers were also evaluated at hour 1 and day 30 of intravenous iron treatment.

Results: The patients with anemia had significantly higher catalase activity and total oxidant status (TOS) but significantly lower nitrate and total anti-oxidant status (TAS) than the healthy controls (p=0.0245, p<0.0001, p=0.0437 and p<0.0001 respectively). At hour 1 of intravenous iron treatment, nitrate, nitrite, nitric oxide, total thiol and TAS values were significantly lower and TOS values were significantly higher than those before the administration of treatment (p=0.0322, p=0.0003, p=0.0005, p<0.0001, p<0.0001 and p=0.004). At day 30 of intravenous iron treatment, catalase activity, nitrate, total thiol and TOS values were significantly lower than those before the administration of treatment (p=0.0332, p=0.0015, p=0.0391 and p<0.0001 respectively) and at hour 1 of treatment (p=0.0498, p<0.0001, p=0.0004 and p<0.0001 respectively). At day 30 of intravenous iron treatment, nitric oxide and TAS values were significantly higher than those before the administration of treatment (p=0.0480 and p=0.001 respectively) and at hour 1 of treatment (p<0.0001 for both).

Conclusion: Intravenous iron replacement prompts oxidative stress at hour 1 of infusion in adults with anemia but this increase resolves partially in the following 30 days.
The prevalence of Asthma-Copd Overlap Syndrome In Women Patients With Biomass Fuel Utilizing
Authors: Yormaz Burcu
Published: May 2021

Objective: Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap (ACO) indicates that its characteristics with pulmonary exaggerated reactivity and airflow limitation chronically. We aimed to investigate the differences among women non smoker participants who have asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and ACO with biomass smoke exposure.

Method: Patients were examined at the outpatient clinic from September 2017 to March 2020. Non-smoker women patients aged ≥40 years, diagnosed with obstructive pulmonary disease  were included in the study. pulmonary function tests (PFT), early reversibility testing (bronchodilator test), and sputum eosinophil analysis were performed to  all patients.

Results: A total of 102 patients were included. The mean age was 46.95±9.50 years. In the differential diagnosis, 65 patients (63.7%) had asthma and 37 patients (36.3%) had COPD. Among COPD patients, 10 (27.0%) were diagnosed with ACO. The actual prevalence rates of COPD and ACO were 26.5% and 9.8%, respectively. Poisson regression analysis showed that COPD compared to asthma, while holding the others variable constant in the model, are expected to have  2.976 times greater rate for exacerbations.( IRR,  95%CI ,2.976 (0.687 to 1.494), 5.296 (1.203 to 2.130), P<0.001, Coef. 1.091, 1.667 respectively). Logistic Regression analysis  demonstrated that, the count of sputum, blood eosinophil and total IgE results were correlated with the exacerbation times.

Conclusion: Biomass smoke exposure in the women population is revealed as a significant factor  for the diagnosis of ACO.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIDWIFERY STUDENTS’ ACCEPTANCE OF VIOLENCE BETWEEN COUPLES AND LEVEL OF AGGRESSION: A MULTICENTERED STUDY
Authors: Gokyildiz Surucu Sule , Bilgiç Dilek , Dağlar Gülseren , Aydın Özkan Semiha , Turan Zekiye , Güler Handan , Demirci Hülya , Alan Sultan , Dereli Yılmaz Sema , Dinc Ayten , Toker Eylem , Dinc Kaya Hüsniye , Uçar Tuba , Mavi Aydoğdu Saadet Gonca , Karaçam Zekiye , Yörük Selda , Dıgın Figen , Gökçe İşbir Gözde , Çam Hasan Hüseyin
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between acceptance of violence between couples and level of aggression among 1st and 4th year midwifery students enrolled in various universities in Turkey.

Methods: The study is cross-sectional descriptive in nature. The data were collected through “Personal Information Form”, "Acceptance of Couple Violence Scale" and “Aggression Scale".

Results: Of all the participants, 1843 were 1st year students and 1337 were 4th year students. There was a weak positive relationship between Aggression Scale and Acceptance of Couple Violence Scale. Acceptance of violence between couples was found to increase with the increase in aggression level.

Conclusion: Identification of adolescents’ views about aggression between girls or boys is of great importance in terms of providing opportunity for early intervention and maintaining healthy relationships. It could be suggested that midwifery departments which give health education should involve these issues in their curriculum.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY-ANGIOGRAPHY, A NEW DIAGNOSTIC AND FOLLOW-UP TOOL FOR GLAUCOMA
Authors: İnan Sibel , İnan Ümit Übeyt
Published: May 2021

Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy and is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. There are studies on the role of vascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Evaluation of intraocular blood flow will be useful in elucidating the pathogenesis. Various techniques are available for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with glaucoma. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has emerged as new technology to detect the vascular effects of glaucoma.
Objectives: Optical coherence tomography angiography is a new technology and many publications have been made in the field of glaucoma. In this article, we aimed to review the studies conducted on the role of OCTA technology in glaucoma pathogenesis and to draw attention to how OCTA can be helpful for diagnosis and follow-up in glaucoma patients.
Methods: Whole literature through PubMed for the keywords of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and glaucoma were scanned. This review included articles up to February 2021. Only English languages articles were included.
Results: Optical coherence tomography angiography provides a rapid and noninvasive quantitative assessment of the microcirculation of the retina, optic nerve, and choroid.  Optical coherence tomography angiography uses the action of red blood cells as an intrinsic contrast agent. It has high reproducibility. Optical coherence tomography angiography studies have shown that microcirculation in the superficial optic nerve, peripapillary retina, and the macula is reduced in glaucoma patients. Optical coherence tomography angiography parameters in the peripapillary region are thought to be better biomarkers in advanced glaucoma than OCT parameters.
Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography angiography is a new technology that has the potential to provide useful information in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with glaucoma.
Sinop-Ayancık’ta Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi İlkokul Binası: Kurtuluş İlkokulu (Mehmet Akif Ersoy Ortaokulu)
Authors: ATICI Alper
Published: May 2021

Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra devletin ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda kamu yapılarının inşasına önem verilmiş ve bunların içinde okul binaları önemli bir yer teşkil etmiştir. Cumhuriyet’in halk tarafından benimsenmesi ve okuryazarlık oranını arttırmak için yurdun her yerinde mektep binalarının inşasına başlanılmıştır. Yeni kurulan devletin yeterli sayıda yetişmiş elemanının bulunmadığı ilk yıllarda, kamu yapılarının inşasında, Osmanlı Devleti’nden kalan planlar kullanılmıştır. İnşa edilecek mektep binalarının projeleri Maarif Vekâleti tarafından hazırlanmış ve hazırlanan bu projelerin dışında okulların inşası çıkarılan kanunlarla yasaklanmıştır. Maarif müdürlükleri bulundukları yere uygun projeleri seçip uygulamışlardır. Okulların inşası kent ve kasabalarda İl Özel İdaresi tarafından yaptırılırken, köylerde ise köylülerin maddi katkıları ve iş gücü olarak görev almasıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki sınırlı imkânlara karşın böyle bir uygulama ile yurt genelinde okulların inşası yaygınlaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Okul binaları, dikdörtgen bir alanı kaplayan simetrik plan kurgusunda inşa edilmiştir. İnşa edilen okulların cephelerinde, Selçuklu ve Osmanlı mimari düzenleri ve süslemeleri kullanılarak ulusal bir mimari meydana getirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Sinop ili Ayancık ilçesinde bulunan Mehmet Akif Ersoy Ortaokulu tanıtılacaktır. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Ortaokulu, Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında merkezden gönderilen tip projesine göre 1927 yılında yöre halkının da yardımlarıyla imece usulünde inşa edilmiştir. Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın kazanılmasının anısına okulun adı Kurtuluş İlkokulu olarak belirlenmiş fakat daha sonraki dönemlerde Mehmet Akif Ersoy Ortaokulu olarak değiştirilmiştir. Okul, simetrik plan ve cephe düzenlemesiyle I. Ulusal Mimarlık döneminde inşa edilen okullarla benzer özellikler taşımaktadır. Yapıyı dönem içinde benzerlerinden farklı kılan özelliği ise kitabesinde Türkiye haritası, ay-yıldız ve göndere çekilmiş Türk Bayrağı olmasıdır.
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa and Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Crude Extracts
Authors: Quynh Lan Tran Thi , Khiem Vu Manh , Van Tin Nguyen
Published: May 2021

The aim of this  study was to investigate the extraction method for R. tomentosa and C. zeylanicum leaves and the evaluation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities of crude extracts. The results of the study showed that the active ingredients of crude extracts were  clearly separated by Thin-layer chromatography and the presence of rhodomyrtone in R. tomentosa crude extract and cinnamaldehyde in C. zeylanicum crude extract. R. tomentosa crude  extract was  antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with 13.1 mm of inhibition zone, but is not effective against Salmonella Typhimurium. C. zeylanicum leaf extract did not show antibacterial activity on both S. aureus and S. Typhimurium. At a dilution of 1/2 of the R. tomentosa crude extract can completely inhibit S. aureus growth. This study also indicated the presence of antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols and terpenoids in C. zeylanicum and R. tomentosa crude extracts. The results showed that R. tomentosa and C. zeylanicum crude extracts should be used as a biotherapy alternative to antibiotic therapy. However, further study would be needed to investigate the antibacterial activity of crude extracts in vivo.
Belediye Temizlik Hizmetlerinde Çalışan Bireylerin Çalışma Duruşlarının Yaşam Kalitesi ve Ağrı İle İlişkisi
Authors: DOĞAN Fatıma Zehra , AKI Esra
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı belediye temizlik işçilerinin çalışma duruşlarının yaşam kalitesi ve ağrı ile ilişkisini incelemekti. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaş aralığı 29-56 olan 22 kişi dahil edildi. Kas-iskelet sistemi hastalıkları bulunana kişiler çalışmaya dahil edilmedi. Çalışmaya katılan bireyler REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assesment), McGill Melzack Ağrı Soru Formu, SF36 ve Görsel Analog Skalası ile değerlendirildi. Sonuç: Katılımcıların REBA total skoru ile McGill Melzack Ağrı total skoru arasında (p=0,291), REBA total skoru ile Görsel analog skalası istirahat skoru (p=0,326) ve aktivite skoru (p=0,472) arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. Katılımcıların REBA total skoru ile SF36 skorları arasında SF36-1(0,922), SF36-2(0,895), SF36-3(0,428), SF36-4(0,442), SF36-5(0,386), SF36-6(0,871), SF36-7(0,933), SF36-8(0,363) anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. Tartışma: Belediye temizlik işçilerinin çalışma duruşlarının yaşam kalitesi ve ağrı ile ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirdiğimiz çalışmada, çalışma duruşlarındaki oluşan risk ile ağrı ve yaşam kalitesi arasında bir ilişki bulunmamaktır. Çalışmamızın sonucunda temizlik işçilerinin çalışma postür ve hareketlerinde risk derecelerinin fazla olduğu bulunmuştur bu sebeple bu görevi yerine getiren kişiler için doğru ve hareket eğitimleri verilmesi önerilir.
Effect Of Gross Domestic Product, Liquidity, Size, Growth, Capital Adequacy Ratio, And Inflation On Financial Performance
Authors: Purwohandoko Purwohandoko , Iriani Sri Setyo
Published: May 2021

Research on the Gross Domestic Product was measured based on the basis price taken from BPS in 2012-2017, size was measured using a natural log of total assets, Liquidity was measured using the loan to deposite ratio, size was measured using a natural log of total assets, growth was measured using the change in the total assets of previous year, adaequacy capital ratio, measured using the total capital divided by risk-weighted assets, and inflation is measured using the consumer price index. The population in this study was all the banks listed on the Stock Exchange. The sample in this research that private banks listed on the Stock Exchange during 2012-2017 and they was published the complete financial reports. This study used multiple linear regression. The result of this study showed that  the liquidity and capital adequacy ratio did not affect the financial performance. Gross Domestic Product, Size and growth had a significant positive effect on financial performance. While inflation was a significant negative effect on financial performance.