bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study of laminated glass with nanocellulose and poly(vinyl butyral) for safety glazing
Authors: Maury Chloé , Crispino Frank , Loranger Éric
Published: December 2020

The increase in fatal road accidents, natural disasters, and even terrorist attacks around the world have contributed to the improvement of public security. Windows can be particularly hazardous because of cutting fragments expelled during breakage or an explosion, which may induce injury. It is becoming essential to develop a resistant daily security glazing for houses to prevent damage in earthquakes and tornado areas, for utility cars, etc. Nanocellulose was used, which has a low ecological footprint, to improve safety glazing properties and was based on poly (vinyl butyral) (PVB). Following the processing of many different recipes for layers based on both PVB and nanocellulose polymers, intercalary films were assembled with glass using hot pressing. The results of the three-point bending experiments were promising. Breaking loads were approximately 8000 N for the two nanocellulose samples, which were close to the results of the sample with PVB only. Furthermore, the obtained composites possessed a transparency near that of PVB only. Finally, nanocellulose overtop PVB had a surface mass as low as one eighth of that of the PVB.
Caracterización de radiación solar directa y difusa en condiciones climáticas del Valle del Mantaro
Authors: Clemente De la Cruz Wuilber , Alcántara Boza Alejandro
Published: December 2020

En el Valle del Mantaro hay presencia significativa de la radiación solar, sin embargo, no están adecuadamente organizadas los datos que otorga las estaciones de la zona, es más, poseen una incertidumbre fuera de los límites permisibles por ser monitoreado con equipos obsoletos. Debido a que surgían investigaciones inherentes a las energías renovables, particularmente energía solar, había la necesidad de analizar y caracterizar los datos de radiación solar, a fin de que éstas sean los insumos para los diseños de sistemas solares, para tal efecto, se adquirió una estación actinométrica de alta precisión, en base a una selección y dimensionamiento adecuado, luego se instaló y se puso en operatividad, con este dispositivo se obtuvo 518 000 datos durante el periodo julio 2018 a junio 2019; los mismos que han sido tratadas con la asistencia del software Excel. La caracterización nos muestra que la radiación directa de onda corta en promedio anual es de 175,7 W/m2 y el máximo alcanzado fue de 553,3 W/m2, generando una variación de 151,7 W/m2 y 410,3 W/m2, respectivamente. La radiación difusa de onda corta fue de 98,2 W/m2 en promedio anual y alcanzó como máximo 297,3 W/m2, con una desviación estándar de 52,7 W/m2 y 170,1 W/m2.
Explotación de mantos de poco espesor, aplicando el método Cámaras y Pilares con Galería Central y Pilares escalonados - Mina Aztlán 2 – Jalisco - México
Authors: Arce Gonzáles Luís Alberto , Guadalupe Gómez Enrique
Published: December 2020

En minería subterránea la explotación de mantos de espesores menores a 1.20 m, se torna difícil y muy a menudo su costo de minado es elevado, esto debido al método de explotación tradicional que se suele emplear. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo plantear un nuevo diseño de explotación y dar solución al problema operativo en la unidad minera de Aztlán 2 en Autlán de Navarro, Jalisco, México, donde el manto tiene un espesor menor de 1.20 m. Para alcanzar el objetivo planteado se diseñó una variante del método cámara y pilares, que se le ha denominado: cámaras y pilares con galería central y pilares escalonados o sencillamente T Room, permitiendo reducir el costo de minado de USS $ 59.00 dólares la tonelada extraída a USS $ 38.00 dólares, además le da mayor velocidad a la explotación y pasar la producción de 200 toneladas /mes en forma artesanal a 3400 Tn/mes, usando esta nueva variante. La aplicación de esta variante muestra que es económicamente viable para estructuras que tengan similares características, es decir tengan cajas competentes y cuyos espesores sean menores a 1.2 m.
Influencia mineragráfica en la recuperación de oro en los procesos metalúrgicos de la Minera Qero´s Gold de Paucartambo- Cusco
Authors: Soto Mayorga Alvaro Fernando , Leguía Letellier Juan José , Bustamante Jaen Julio Danilo
Published: December 2020

Los estudios mineragráficos permitieron seleccionar el proceso metalúrgico más adecuado para una óptima recuperación de oro, cuya caracterización tanto microscópica y macroscópica, permitió experimentar pruebas metalúrgicas en moliendabilidad, cianuración en botellas, concentración centrífuga, flotación rougher. Como resultado de estas pruebas metalúrgicas en el mineral base permitió una recuperación del 94.48% en flotación selectiva con una mezcla (blending) de 36% de veta Inkaracay y 64% de veta mina Sanca 2.
Automatic Door Handle or Knob Sanitizer
Authors: Singh Sundram , Garg Aditya
Published: December 2020

An increase in the risk of COVID-19 spread led people, industries and the government to adopt various approaches for controlling the transmission rate of COVID-19 viruses. Although each approach has its advantages, but in terms of cost-effectiveness and flexibility, one approach i.e. Arduino based sanitizing systems have played an important role to prevent the coronavirus from spreading. In the direction of this research field, a lot of researchers have exerted great efforts to control the COVID-19 outbreak. However, an automatic door handle and knob sanitizer based on IR sensor and servo motor has not been reported till date as per our knowledge. Therefore, In this paper, we have demonstrated an automatic door handle sanitizer to sanitize the handle or knob of a door that is generally used by many people in houses, hospitals, and industries, etc. The reported work has been done to prevent people from getting infected by the coronavirus. If anyone gets infected by touching the contaminated door knob of any institution, house, hospital, etc., then it will have a severe effect on the person as well as on his country. In this regard, the reported system sanitizes the door handle to remove the virus from it as the person touches the door knob. The demonstrated system contains Arduino-Nano, Servo motor, Bread-board and an IR Sensor. It can be implemented in public places such as hospitals, companies where the doors are used frequently to break the chain of COVID-19 infection.
Anti-malarial drugs as potential inhibitors of leishmania glycolytic enzymes: Development of new anti-leishmanial agents
Authors: Yousef Bashir Alsiddig , Elwaseela Tanzeel Haider , Ali Tagwa Abdalla , Mohammed Fatima Elamin , Mohammed Wala Osman , Alobaid Majdi , Dirar Amina Ibrahim
Published: December 2020

Leishmaniasis is one of the most important endemic diseases in Sudan. The glycolytic pathway is one of the essential pathways in the survival and pathogenicity of the leishmania parasite. This study aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial activities of three antimalarial drugs through targeting the glycolytic pathway inside the parasite. Antileishmanial activities of artesunate, quinine and mefloquine were evaluated using an in vitro anti-promastigote assay. Then, in silico molecular docking was conducted using Autodock 4.0 software to study the molecular interactions of antimalarial drugs to different key glycolytic enzymes. The results of the current study, Artesunate, quinine, and mefloquine showed effective inhibitory activities against L. donovani with IC50 values of 58.85, 40.24, and 20.06 μg/ml, respectively. Molecular docking analysis revealed interesting interactions between different antimalarial drugs and various glycolytic enzymes (Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, Triosephosphate isomerase, Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and Pyruvate kinase). Moreover, these drugs interact with different amino acid residues of the proteins with satisfactory binding energies, particularly with artesunate. According to binding energies, Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was represented the most potential target for three tested drugs. Collectively, our results showed promising antileishmanial activities of different antimalarial that may mediated through inhibition of glycolysis process in leishmania donovani promastigote.
Increasing Physician Reporting of Diagnostic Learning Opportunities
Authors: Marshall Trisha L. , Ipsaro Anna J. , Le Matthew , Sump Courtney , Darrell Heather , Mapes Kathleen G. , Bick Julianne , Ferris Sarah A. , Bolser Benjamin S. , Simmons Jeffrey M. , Hagedorn Philip A. , Brady Patrick W.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

An estimated 10% of Americans experience a diagnostic error annually, yet little is known about pediatric diagnostic errors. Physician reporting is a promising method for identifying diagnostic errors. However, our pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) division had only 1 diagnostic-related safety report in the preceding 4 years. We aimed to improve attending physician reporting of suspected diagnostic errors from 0 to 2 per 100 PHM patient admissions within 6 months.

METHODS:

Our improvement team used the Model for Improvement, targeting the PHM service. To promote a safe reporting culture, we used the term diagnostic learning opportunity (DLO) rather than diagnostic error, defined as a “potential opportunity to make a better or more timely diagnosis.” We developed an electronic reporting form and encouraged its use through reminders, scheduled reflection time, and monthly progress reports. The outcome measure, the number of DLO reports per 100 patient admissions, was tracked on an annotated control chart to assess the effect of our interventions over time. We evaluated DLOs using a formal 2-reviewer process.

RESULTS:

Over the course of 13 weeks, there was an increase in the number of reports filed from 0 to 1.6 per 100 patient admissions, which met special cause variation, and was subsequently sustained. Most events (66%) were true diagnostic errors and were found to be multifactorial after formal review.

CONCLUSIONS:

We used quality improvement methodology, focusing on psychological safety, to increase physician reporting of DLOs. This growing data set has generated nuanced learnings that will guide future improvement work.
El riego por chorro intermitente: un sistema prometedor
Authors: Buriticá Hernando
Published: December 2020

A través de la historia el hombre se ha ingeniado varios sistemas para suplir las deficiencias de agua que las condiciones naturales de clima han impuesto para el desarrollo de la agricultura: desvió ríos, construyó canales y reservorios y entregó el agua a los cultivos empleando variados sistemas de riego. En este caso haremos referencia al riego por chorro intermitente.
Influencia de la posición de las paletas en el rendimiento de una turbina de hélice con rotor de alabes rectos
Authors: Rey R. Álvaro , Ramírez P. Carlos , Urrea Francisco , Tovar Iván
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo pertenece al desarrollo del proyecto de grado “Diseño y Construcción de una Turbina Hidráulica de 3 Kw".
Normalización técnica
Authors: Sánchez G. Jorge
Published: December 2020

Esta colaboración es fruto del trabajo que en el campo de la Normalización Técnica y específicamente en lo que tiene que ver con la presentación de materiales gráficos y escritos, han desarrollado los profesores y alumnos de la Sección de Dibujo de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede de Bogotá.
El etanol como materia prima petroquímica
Authors: Carballo Luis M. , Sánchez Francisco
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo se presentan los aspectos relevantes de un programa de investigación, aprobado por el CINDEC y COLCIENCIAS, sobre el desarrollo y estudio cinético de catalizadores para algunas reacciones químicas en las que el etanol está involucrado como reactante.
Bourdieu en el campo educativo argentino (Amar, H. M., 2016)
Authors: Surge Iván
Published: December 2020

Este libro es fruto de la tesis de Maestría –con mención en Educación– presentada y defendida por el autor en la FLACSO (sede Argentina), dirigida por la Dra. Mónica de la Fare, bajo el título de “Las apropiaciones y usos intelectuales de la obra de Pierre Bourdieu en el campo educativo argentino (1971-1989)”. A lo largo de los tres capítulos que componen el libro, Hernán Amar analiza la producción de conocimiento en el período referido, a partir de indagar las recepciones (en términos de usos en la producción concreta de conocimiento) de las obras de Bourdieu, específicamente, en el campo académico educativo. No obstante la acotación espacial y temporal del estudio, la investigación de Amar coloca un problema que debe ser central en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales en la actualidad, especialmente en Latinoamérica: la apropiación (muchas veces no vigilada epistemológicamente) de cuerpos teóricos producidos en marcos espacio-temporales que poco tienen que ver con las realidades regionales y locales.
Pedagogia formal e pedagogia social em mútua dependência
Authors: Flickinger Hans-Georg
Published: December 2020

Ao longo dos últimos anos observa-se no Brasil, o interesse crescente no campo da chamada pedagogia social. A partir de experiências próprias, o autor caracteriza as diferenças entre esse tipo de trabalho pedagógico e a tradicional pedagogia escolar. Defende-se a tese de que as diretrizes subjacentes às atuais políticas educativas estatais desprezam o processo educativo como experiência essencialmente social, contribuindo, assim, ao deslocamento dessa demanda para o espaço fora das instituições fechadas.
Música como problema de formação (Bildung)
Authors: Rajobac Raimundo , Garcia Fernando Ferminio
Published: December 2020

O ensaio discute sobre música como problema de formação (Bildung) desde Espinosa. O recurso interpretativo toma como ponto de partida a Ética (1677). Se relacionam ética, estética e epistemologia na retomada da relação entre sensível e inteligível no contexto da filosofia monista. Retoma-se a posição de Espinosa no âmbito da crítica ao dualismo platônico-cartesiano; seguido da reconstrução interpretativa de três partes do texto da Ética: parte um (Deus), dois (A natureza e a Origem da Mente) e três (A Origem e a Natureza dos Afetos); e, por fim, a interpretação de dimensões formativo-musicais a partir do filósofo em estudo.
Capital humano e panorama educacional
Authors: Stederoth Dirk
Published: December 2020

O ensaio reconstrói a história das reformas do sistema educacional alemão, escolhendo a famosa crítica de Heinz-Joachim Heydorn, dos anos 1970, como eixo da argumentação. Tanto a pré-história dessa crítica quanto as políticas das últimas décadas revelam uma continuidade da orientação pedagógica que, desde o conceito do capital humano até os critérios de competência e de adaptação às demandas da economia e da tecnologia em permanente transformação, perde de vista o homem. Ao invés de focar em competências humanas imediatamente aproveitáveis, o autor pleiteia em favor da formação universal, convencido ser essa a melhor condição para se enfrentar os desafios da dinâmica inscrita ao mundo moderno.
Validation arrangements for formally low-qualified staff in geriatric care: The Design-based Research project KomBiA
Authors: Gössling Bernd , Grunau Janika
Published: December 2020

Validation arrangements aim to increase the visibility and recognition of non-formal and informal learning. For geriatric care in Germany, such validation arrangements currently do not exist. The workplace learning of assistant nurses is therefore yet to be documented and certified. The Design-based Research project KomBiA was initiated in order to solve this practical problem. The interventions, which were developed, tested and evaluated, are based on the CEDEFOP model for the validation of non-formal and informal learning in Europe, which had to be adapted and modified according to the national and sectoral specifics of geriatric care in Germany. The project set-up focused on the development of an innovative solution to the problem that could gain support among all major stakeholders. Hence, the project included practitioners representing different interests. The collaborative development of the prototype was tested and evaluated in a two-cycle-approach. On this basis, a viable model of validating non-formal and informal learning in the field was designed and corresponding design principles were deduced.
Entwicklung von Gestaltungsprinzipien zur Förderung interkultureller Lehrkompetenz
Authors: Collenberg Michèle
Published: December 2020

Lehrpersonen benötigen immer häufiger interkulturelle Lehrkompetenzen, um mit der zunehmenden ethnisch-kulturellen Heterogenität der Lernenden in ihren Klassen umgehen zu können. Der Artikel beschreibt eine Untersuchung, in der mittels eines Design-Based Research-Ansatzes eine innovative Praxislösung für die Förderung interkultureller Lehrkompetenz in der universitären Lehrerbildung umgesetzt wurde. Der Fokus des Artikels liegt auf der Reflexion des Evaluationsprozesses, wobei die Entwicklung der ursprünglichen vorläufigen Gestaltungsannahmen über zwei Evaluationszyklen hinweg zu Gestaltungsprinzipien näher aufgezeigt wird.
Adolescentes em conflito com a lei nas pesquisas em Educação: um olhar a partir de dissertações e teses
Authors: Fernandes Felícia Aparecida , Moraes João Carlos Pereira de , Pereira Ana Lúcia
Published: December 2020

Este artigo objetiva analisar os enfoques de pesquisa em educação, tanto em dissertações quanto em teses, que possuem como sujeitos adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Como procedimento metodológico foi realizado uma revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e na Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações. Neste, realizou-se duas buscas: a primeira utilizando como termos “adolescente” AND “conflito com a lei” AND “ensino”; na segunda, os termos elencados foram “adolescente” AND “infrator” AND “ensino”. Após análise de título, resumos e de duplicidade, chegou-se ao número de vinte sete dissertações e teses. Para organização e análise dos dados utilizou-se análise de conteúdo de onde identificou-se quatro categorias: 1) Aspectos sociais, psicológicos e culturais da vida de adolescentes em conflito com a lei; 2) Perspectivas de ensino para adolescentes em conflito com a lei; 3) Relação escola/educação escolar com adolescentes em conflito com a lei; e, 4) Educação não escolar e adolescentes em conflito com a lei. Como resultados, aponta-se que há algumas lacunas de pesquisas sobre a necessidade de criar estratégias e perspectivas teórico-metodológicas que possibilitem uma escuta humanizada, problematizada e mais aberta deste grupo de adolescentes.
Teoría de los actos de habla y cuestiones de teología fundamental. Aportaciones y limitaciones
Authors: Vide-Rodríguez Vicente
Published: December 2020

La teoría de los actos de habla y la teología analítica están cada vez más presentes en las cuestiones actuales de teología fundamental. Se analizan las aportaciones de esta teoría en la obra de J. R. Searle a la hermenéutica bíblica, a la razonabilidad del acto de fe, a la justificación por la fe y a la fundamentación de las acciones sacramentales. Se exponen las limitaciones en sus aplicaciones teológicas. Finalmente, se concluye que el análisis del acto de fe como acto de habla debe expresar la dimensión ontológica del contenido proposicional y la esperanza performativa propia de la fe cristiana.
La racionalidad práctica en la base de la teología moral. Análisis de algunas propuestas de renovación recientes
Authors: Bellocq Arturo
Published: December 2020

El artículo presenta algunas propuestas recientes de renovación de la teología moral con el objetivo de mostrar las diferentes teorías de la racionalidad práctica que tienen en la base, que muchas veces son la causa de que los problemas concretos se afronten desde perspectivas distintas y de que ofrezcan soluciones diversas.
El derecho y la moral: "Cien años de soledad"
Authors: Domingo Rafael
Published: December 2020

Este artículo ofrece una visión de conjunto del amplio debate sobre las relaciones entre el derecho y la moral desde que Hans Kelsen publicara su Teoría pura del derecho en 1934 hasta nuestros días (Alexy, Finnis). El artículo analiza los más destacados argumentos aportados por el positivismo jurídico anglosajón de Herbert Hart y Joseph Raz, la dura crítica de Ronald Dworkin al positivismo, el relevante papel de John Ralws y Jünger Habermas en el debate, así como las elaboraciones iusnaturalistas más destacadas de Jacques Maritain, Michel Villey, John Finnis o Javier Hervada.
Model of Satellite Communication Channel Functioning under Conditions of Disturbances of Service Part of Frames by Unsteady Interference
Authors: Parshutkin Andrey , Buchinskiy Dmitriy
Published: December 2020

The paper describes the main ways of organizing modern satellite communication systems and the methods of synchronization and transmission of service information used in them, the frame synchronization mechanism from the view point of noise immunity. Based on the analysis, a block diagram of a simulation model is proposed for studying the influence of unintentional interference on the channels of modern satellite communication systems. The proposed model of the impact of non-stationary interference on a satellite communication channel takes into account the effect of interference on symbolic, frame synchronization, mechanisms for extracting frame boundaries, as well as the effect of modern error correction codes. The model allows evaluating the impact of non-stationary interference on both the information and the service side of the frame of modern systems of broadband satellite communications. As an indicator of the noise immunity of a satellite communication channel, there was used probability of frame loss, i.e. frame skipping due to a violation in the frame synchronization system, incorrect allocation of frame boundaries, or the presence of errors in the frame that were not repaired by corrective codes. Using this model, we studied the effect of non-stationary interference of various durations on the information and service parts of the frame, compared the results of the impact of non-stationary interferences of various durations with the effect of white Gaussian noise. It is shown that non-stationary interference, which are short noise pulses that do not affect the information part of the frame due to reparation by correction codes, can significantly reduce the reception quality due to disruption of frame synchronization and distortion of service information about the signal-code structure and frame length.
A novel probabilistic distance measure for picture fuzzy sets with its application in classification problems
Authors: GULERİA Abhishek , BAJAJ Rakesh Kumar
Published: December 2020

In the present communication, we propose the probabilistic distance measure for picture fuzzy sets where the probability of occurrence/non-occurrence of the picture fuzzy event have been incorporated. This framework has been clearly addressed through outline of a formulated problem and its probable solution structure along with its proof of validity. Further, the proposed probabilistic distance measure has been utilized to present an algorithm for solving some classification decision making problems in a more generalized way. Some important illustrative examples related to the problem of classification - building material classification, mineral classification and a decision making problem of financial investment risk have been worked out to exhibit the implementation of the proposed methodology. The obtained results have also been compared with the existing approaches of solving the classification problems. The uncertainty feature of the problem has been handled in a more broader sense reflecting the advantage of the introduced approach.
The Effect of Lactation Number on Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Parameters of Milk from Small and Medium Bovine Farms located in Transilvania Region
Authors: HAN Ioan , BOBIŞ Otilia , MĂRGHITAŞ Liviu Alexandru
Published: December 2020

Milk is a biological fluid where fats are distributed in microglobules (2-10 million/cm3), in an aqueous solution of proteins, carbohydrates and other substances. The main physico-chemical properties of milk are: density, viscosity, specific heat, boiling point, freezing point, pH and total acidity. Microbiological quality is represented by the presence or absence of pathogens or alterations, which can contaminate milk as a raw material. The comparative nutritional and microbiological quality of milk from three counties, from Transilvania Region, were fat percentage, total protein, casein content, lactose, pH, urea, total germ count (TGC) and somatic cell count (SCC). The best percentages of fat were obtained in Bihor County, with mean values of all lactations of 4.00%. This was followed by Hunedoara County with 3.97% and Alba County with 3.95%. The highest protein percentages were obtained in samples collected in Bihor County, with mean values of 3.57%, followed by Hunedoara County with 3.52% and Alba County with 3.51%. Most physicochemical indices fall within the normal limits, unanimously accepted by existing standards, but microbiological indices in some cases do not meet the requirements for the admission of raw milk.
Fungal Diversity and Over-Represented Non-Nectariferous Plants Pollen in Honey. Case Study on Acacia Honey Authenticity, Analyzed in APHIS Laboratory
Authors: BOBIŞ Otilia , DEZMIREAN Daniel Severus , BONTA Victoriţa , URCAN Adriana Cristina , MOISE Adela Ramona , MĂRGĂOAN Rodica
Published: December 2020

Pollen analysis is the basic method for the determination of the botanical and geographical origin of honey. However, the presence of over-represented pollen in honeys may lead to false results of the analysis. This can be more severe if this pollen is present in unifloral under-represented honeys of commercial importance (e.g. thyme or acacia honey). In the present study, we investigated the abundance of nectarless pollen grains on several quality characteristics in honey samples. In particular, the physic-chemical (diastase activity, electrical conductivity, sugars and HMF content) analysis were carried out in order to confirm the declared botanical origin. Spectrophotometric method was used for diastase activity determination, electrical conductivity was determined by potentiometry and chromatographic determinations for HMF content (photodiode array detection) and sugars (HPLC refractive index detection). The present study confirms that, in the case of non-nectariferous pollen presence in honeys, a second count must be made, excluding this pollen type and pollen analysis alone cannot give reliable results for the determination of the botanical origin. Consequently, pollen analysis should be combined with other analyses, especially in honeys with under-represented pollens, to give precise results for the botanical characterization and labeling of honeys.
Influence of Organic Fertilization on Nutritional Characteristics and Antioxidant Capacity of Melon Fruits
Authors: BILEVA Tatyana , PETKOVA Nadezhda , BABRIKOV Todor
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to investigate the influence of organic fertilization on nutritional characteristics and antioxidant capacity of three melon varieties fruits (Cucumis melo L.) - Hybrid 15 F1, Desserten 5, and Galia. The trials were carried out under greenhouse conditions in the infested with root-knot nematodes soil. Galia was grown with mineral fertilization. The other two varieties were treated with organic fertilizers - Liquid “Humus Active” during vegetation and Neem cake twice - before planting and during flowering. The dry matter, ash, titratable acidity, pH, carbohydrate, protein, lipid content, pigments, total phenols, and total flavonoids, and the antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Desserten 5 demonstrated the highest sugars content – sucrose (5.32 g/100 g), glucose (1.35 g/100 g) and fructose (2.51 g/100 g), as well as the highest carotenoids (90 μg/100 g fw), total phenols (540 mg GAE/100 g fw), and total flavonoids content (73 mg QE/100 g fw) and antioxidant capacity(25 mM TE/100 g). The results revealed that the nutritional value of melon fruits could be improved by using organic fertilization for the production of foods for healthy nutrition.
Phytonutrients and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Five Edible Flowers Used in Culinary
Authors: PETROVA Ivanka , PETKOVA Nadezhda , IVANOV Ivan , TODOROVA Mina
Published: December 2020

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the natural pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids and anthocyanins), phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of water and 95% ethanol extracts from five edible flowers - snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus), carnation (Dianthus plumarius), garden geranium (Pelargonium hortorum), petunia (Petunia integrifolia) and dahlia (Dahlia decorative). It was found that water extracts gave higher extractive yields. The highest carotenoids and total anthocyanins content were detected in snapdragon and dahlia flowers. The total phenolic content dominated in water extracts of petunia, garden geranium, carnation and snapdragon - above 30 mg GAE/g of dry extract. Sinapic acid was detected in all edible flowers. Gallic, caffeic, chlorogenic, p-coumaric, rosmarinic, sinapic and ferulic acid were detected only in carnation. Antioxidant activity was the highest in ethanol extracts of petunia, garden geranium, carnation by FRAP method. The current study demonstrated the future application of edible flower extracts as a source of antioxidants for culinary purposes.
Changes in the Chemical Composition of Turkish White Cheese According to Storage TemperatureChanges in the Chemical Composition of Turkish White Cheese According to Storage Temperature
Authors: ALTUNER Ergin Murat , ELJAGMANI Salem
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to highlight changes in the chemical composition, namely pH, total dry matter percentage (DM%), total nitrogen and protein, titratable acidity, salt content and biogenic amines, of Turkish white cheese according to storage temperature. The results confirmed that a decrease was observed in pH values of the samples during storage. Titratable acidity was observed to show a trend of increase (P > 0.05). As per these results, there was an increase in DM% in cheese samples stored at all three temperatures, namely 5, 15, and 25°C, on day 11, but a decrease was observed on day 31. An increased trend was seen in samples after day 31. In addition, an increased trend in the amount of salt in the samples, depending on time, was determined. The concentration of biogenic amines, tryptamine, 2-phenylethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, spermidine and spermine, with dominated biogenic amines relate to shelf life, were putrescine, cadaverine, and tyramine, and were increased based on storage temperatures.
Antibacterial Effect of a Copper Surface in the Germination of Alfalfa Seeds (Medicago sativa L.)
Authors: REYES José F. , De BRUIJN Johannes P.F. , TOLOSA Guillermo F. , AQUEVEQUE Pedro M. , CORREA Christian L.
Published: December 2020

Copper metal as a contact surface was studied during the germination of alfalfa seeds (Medicago sativa L.) inside a rotating drum on a laboratory scale and compared with a plastic surface of food-grade. A system of three rotating drums was used inside a thermo-regulated chamber to germinate seeds. Alfalfa seeds were inoculated with 4.2 log cfu g-1 of Escherichia coli and after 84 h of germination sprouts were evaluated for E. coli, mesophilic aerobic bacteria, the content of copper and other minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, manganese, and zinc), total mass, unit mass and length, and color. The contact of alfalfa sprouts with copper sheets allowed to reduce the E. coli load from 6.54 to <0.1 log cfu g-1. However, all sprouts exceeded in copper (> 10 ppm) according to Food Sanitary Regulations. Germinated mass and length decreased after copper treatments. No statistically significant differences were observed between treatments for the remaining quality parameters. Finally, it is concluded that copper was very efficient in reducing the microbial load of E. coli in alfalfa sprouts, complying with the regulations established by the Chilean Ministry of Health.
Analysis of Genetic Diversity Between Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae) Populations Growing in the Aegean Region of Turkey
Authors: SEVİNDİK Emre , OKAN Kemalcan , EFE Fadime
Published: December 2020

In this study, we performed a genetic diversity using RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA) and ISSR (Inter-simple sequence repeats) markers for some Eriobotrya japonica populations grown in the Aegean region of Turkey. PCR was performed with all DNA samples and primers with ability of scoring band. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise genetic distance between the populations were calculated by using the PAUP analysis program. According to the RAPD data, a total of 33 bands were obtained and 21 of them were polymorphic. The closest genetic distance (0.09677) was found between Aydın and Nazilli populations, while the most distant value was found 0.44000 between Salihli and Nazilli populations. According to the ISSR data, a total of 43 bands were obtained and 18 of them were polymorphic. The closest genetic distance (0.09302) was found between İzmir and Aydın populations, while the most distant values (0.48276) were found between Denizli and Nazilli populations. As a result of this study, the rate of polymorphism obtained in ISSR technique was found to be lower than the RAPD technique.
Determination of Trace and Heavy Metals in Fruit Juices in the Romanian Market
Authors: BORA Florin Dumitru , CĂLUGĂR Anamaria , BUNEA Claudiu Ioan , RACZ Ionut
Published: December 2020

The presence of trace, heavy metals in foodstuffs is of intense public interest. The aim of this study was to determine the metal contents in most known commercial fruit juices present on the Romanian market. The multielement analysis was made using the ICP-MS technique, after appropriate dilution, using the external standard calibration method. Multifruit, mango, and kiwi juice have recoded the highest concentration of Cu, while apple and pear juice has recoded the lowest concentration, and in the case of Zn, peach juice has recoded the highest concentration. Concerning Pb, Cd, and As concentration, apple, peach, and multifruit juices recorded the highest levels of concentration. The concentration of Zn, Cu, Co, and As generally, was higher in the juice samples packed in boxes, while Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd recorded the highest values in the juice packed in plastic bottles.
A New Species of Insect Possibly Invasive for Ornamental Plants in Romania
Authors: MUNTEAN Ana Covilca , GROZEA Ioana
Published: December 2020

Following the periodic evaluations carried out in the parks of Timisoara (Timis, Romania) which had as main activity the monitoring of harmful insect species, we noticed an interesting species with the ability to jump, which attracted our attention. It has been identified as Scudderia sp. This was not found so far in the western part of Romania or in other areas of the country (to our knowledge). So we started to study it in more detail, to monitor it and to see if there are injuries on ornamental plants. The observations were made during 2019 and 2020, in five representative parks in Timisoara. The insect was reported in two parks. Both immature forms (larvae and nymphs) and adult forms were present, starting with June. The last specimens were observed at the end of September. The population level found in the parks of Timisoara is quite high and the aesthetic damage caused to ornamental plants is clear. The plants that katydids were seen feeding on, were diverse. The most affected of these (about of 30-60%) were those of rain flower, African daisy flowers and roses.
Identification and Biochemical Characterization of some Strains of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis, in Romania
Authors: STANCU Mariana Simona , MITREA Rodi
Published: December 2020

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is responsible for the ʻbacterial canker of tomato’. The study aimed to identify and characterize biochemically some strains of the bacteria. Five strains were used for biochemical identification and characterization and two reference strains were used as positive controls. The biochemical characterization was performed with Biolog Microbial Identification System. All the strains used many carbon sources and were positive for growth in the presence of: 1%NaCl, Nalidixic Acid, Aztreonam, Potassium Tellurite and pH 6, but negative for growth and sensitivite to: Troleandomycin, Lincomycin, Vancomycin, Fusidic Acid, Eimfamycin SV, Guanidine HCl, D-Serine, Minocycline and Niaproof 4. The differences between the Biolog system database and the studied strains did not change their classification at the level of genus and species, but modifed or did not allow the classification at the subspecies level. Furthermore, the analyzed strains had metabolic diversity.
Prediction of Botrytis cinerea Risk in Vineyards Based on Weather Indicators
Authors: PIRCALABU Liliana , BRINDUSE Elena , ION Marian
Published: December 2020

Botrytis cinerea causes grey mould, a major disease occurring in vineyards worldwide, resulting in loss of grape production and wine quality. Predictive models of favorability of Botrytis cinerea were used. Therefore, a series of meteorological data from 2010 to 2019 was used. The results showed that the frequency of years with low risk of Botrytis cinerea was 10%, medium risk 10%, high risk 80%. The disease can drastically reduce both yield and wine quality (Ribereau Gayon et al., 1980). The harvest years 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014, favored the manifestation of an attack degree of 62.9% (2012) and 34.2% (2013). Positive correlations were observed in the case of Broome index and Bacchus index with the duration of sunlight (r2 = 0.935), respectively (r2 = 0.944) and the sum of the hours of moisture on the leaves (r2 = 0.833, r2 = 0.848). Based on the results a model for prediction of Botrytis cinerea risk will be developed.
Pathomorphological Changes in Organs of Rabbits with Experimental Colibacillosis
Authors: SKRYPKA Maryna , TUL Oleksandra , KYRYCHKO Borys
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research was to study pathomorphological alterations in the internal organs of rabbits through experimental reproduction of colibacillosis. The studies were conducted on 10 clinically healthy rabbits at the age of 3 months from a private farm. Animals were infected by intraperitoneal injection of a suspension of a pure culture of Escherichia coli isolated from a sand lizard. The disease of infected rabbits was accompanied by cachexia, dehydration and fever. The pathological process in the organism of infected animals was characterized by the violation of hemodynamics, the protein dystrophy of the parenchyma of liver, kidneys, myocardium and the formation of specific granulomas in the lungs and liver. The edema of reticular tissue and the hyperplasia of lymph nodes were observed in the organs of the immune system. The expressive edema of mucous membrane and submucosa, as well as alterative and necrotic processes were detected in the intestine.
Prevalence of Sarcosporidiosis in Carcasses of Cattle Slaughtered at the Eucalyptus Slaughterhouse-Algeria
Authors: TAIBI Messaouda , BENATALLAH Amel , ZENIA Safia , AISSI Miriem , HARHOURA Khaled , MILLA Amel , GUERCHAOUI Amel , KAABECHE Imene , KHODJA Romeissa
Published: December 2020

Sarcosporidiosis is a parasitic disease due to the development of cystogenic coccidia of the genus Sarcocystis with dixene evolution and muscular localization, which can cause losses in cattle and generate an intestinal infection in domestic carnivores (dog, cat) and humans. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of Sarcocystis spp on 149 bovine carcasses at the Eucalyptus slaughterhouse in Algiers by macroscopic and microscopic examination and to evaluate the influence of certain risk factors (age, sex, breed and origin). Samples of esophagus and diaphragms were taken from slaughtered cattle and analyzed by enzymatic (pepsin) digestion and histological technique. The macroscopic examination was negative during carcasses inspection while the microscopic examination showed a prevalence of 100% for enzymatic digestion by revealing bradyzoites in the form of bananas and 47.7% at the histology with the detection of thin-walled cysts of S. cruzi (98.6%), of thick-walled cysts of S. hominis (15.5%) which was the zoonotic species and of S. hirsuta (1.39%). The risk factors studied significantly influenced the prevalence of Sarcocystis sp. This study revealed for the first time in the diaphragm a cyst of Sarcocystis hirsuta.
Preliminary Seroepidemiological Investigation Regarding Mycobacterium Avium Infection in Wild Boars and Foxes
Authors: RĂȚOI Ioana Alexandra , CRIVEI Luciana Alexandra , POREA Daniela , DASCĂLU Anca Mihaela , COZMA Andreea Paula , OȘLOBANU Luanda Elena , ANIȚĂ Dragoș Constantin , ANIȚĂ Adriana , SAVUȚA Gheorghe
Published: December 2020

The present study aimed at identifying Mycobacterium avium seroprevalence in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) samples, from the Eastern region of Romania, by using an indirect ELISA assay. A total of 367 wild animal samples were collected from eight counties: 275 wild boars sera samples from Iasi (n=209), Botosani (n=11), Bacau (n=17), Galati (n=27) and Covasna (n=11) and 92 fox samples of thoracic fluid from Iasi (n=30), Suceava (n=20), Neamt (n=19), Vaslui (n=11) and Galati (n=12). Specific antibodies were not detected in wild boar serum samples tested. From the fox samples, one was positive (1.08%), originating from Galati County. Our results may be correlated with a reduced distribution of Mycobacterium avium subspecies in the environment and a low prevalence of infections caused by these bacteria in wild animals. The current assessment shows that foxes have a limited role in the epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.
A Retrospective Study of Dogs with Osteomyelitis Secondary to Fractures (2016-2020)
Authors: IGNA Cornel , SCHUSZLER Larisa , BUMB Daniel , DASCALU Roxana , ZAHA Cristian , SICOE Bogdan
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the role of surgical procedures and the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy in dogs with osteomyelitis secondary to fractures repair.Medical records between 2016 and 2020 were analyzed. Clinical data including signalment, affected bone segment, fracture type, isolated microorganisms, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, applied therapeutic management and fracture healing time were documented.Eleven cases were confirmed with exogenous osteomyelitis of long bones secondary to fractures repair. The most common microorganisms isolated were Staphylococcus spp., Streptoccocus spp., and Escherichia coli. Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium followed by ceftriaxone were the most effective drugs. High-resistance rates were documented for penicillin and clindamycin. All 10 cases undergoing surgical revision were cured in 10-17 weeks.Simultaneous debridement with implant removal, reduction, and rigid internal fracture fixation is a satisfactory method for revision surgery in treatment of long bones fractures complicated with osteomyelitis.
Histochemical Assessment of Mucin-Secreting Cells from the Gastric Mucosa of Guinea Pigs
Authors: CHENDE Adriana , RUS Vasile , MARTONOS Cristian , PIVARIU Dalma , DAMIAN Aurel , MICLĂUȘ Viorel , GAL Adrian
Published: December 2020

Stomach fragments from 3 guinea pigs were collected from the three regions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric, for histochemical investigations. The anatomical segments were processed by the classical method of inclusion in paraffin and the histological sections were stained with PAS reaction for highlighting the neutral mucins and the Alcian blue method for acid mucins. All the surface cells of the gastric mucosa and in the crypts were positive on the PAS reaction and negative in the case of the alcian blue reaction. This demonstrates that cells on the surface and in the crypts synthetize neutral mucins. In the case of the cardiac region glands, only a small number of cells were positive on the two histochemical reactions, which shows that the cardiac glands in guinea pig synthesize a very small amount of neutral and acidic mucins. There are no positive cells in neither reaction used in the fundic glands case, which shows that these glands do not synthesize mucins, neither neutral nor acidic content. The glands located in the pyloric region have cells in the deep half of the wall which were positive on both histochemical reactions, which shows that they synthesize both neutral mucins and acidic mucins.
Chemical Fixation Importance of Histologic Samples for Staining of Proliferated Bone During Implant Osseointegration
Authors: MARCU Teodora , GAL Adrian , MARTONOS Cristian , RUS Vasile , DAMIAN Aurel , MICLĂUȘ Viorel , MIHAI Augustin T.
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to obtain as much and as accurate information as possible about the process of osseointegration of titanium implants, through histological processing. For this purpose, the combination of a mercury chloride fixator (Stieve mixture) and a complex staining method (Goldner’s trichrome) was used, which can highlight the microscopic structures in several colors and shades. The Stieve mixture proved to have distinguished qualities both in the preservation of basophilic and acidophilic structures and especially in the chemical preparation of the substrate for the binding of each structural component with a specific acidophilic dye. On the substrate thus prepared, the acidophilic dyes used in the Goldner’s trichrome staining highlighted the structural components in different colors and shades, offering the possibility of high precision assessment of the newly proliferated bone, in different stages of proliferation, consolidation and reshaping. Complex information was obtained, which allows the appreciation of osseointegration for endosseous implants and the amount of proliferated bone at the bone-implant interface, the stage of proliferation, consolidation and reshaping of the mature bone, the degree of fixation to deep bone structures. The possibility of complex assessment of the osseointegration process for endosseous implants at a given time is of great practical importance for correct assessment of the waiting time required for safe installation of prosthesis. The combination of Stieve fixator mixture with Goldner’s trichrome staining method has proven to be very effective in histology, highlighting on excellent level the existing structural components of each stage, in which the osseointegration process goes through. A very important role in this combination was achieved by mercury chloride mixture, which prepared the substrate for specific reaction with dyes. Regarding the results obtained, we recommend this combination for histological investigations aimed on bone proliferation and repair.