bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Time Management Behaviors on Undergraduate Engineering Students’ Performance
Authors: Adams Richelle V. , Blair Erik
Published: January 2019

Effective time management is associated with greater academic performance and lower levels of anxiety in students; however many students find it hard to find a balance between their studies and their day-to-day lives. This article examines the self-reported time management behaviors of undergraduate engineering students using the Time Management Behavior Scale. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and model reduction are used to attempt to determine which aspects of time management the students practiced, which time management behaviors were more strongly associated with higher grades within the program, and whether or not those students who self-identified with specific time management behaviors achieved better grades in the program. It was found that students’ perceived control of time was the factor that correlated significantly with cumulative grade point average. On average, it was found that time management behaviors were not significantly different across gender, age, entry qualification, and time already spent in the program.
Increased Prevalence of Concomitant Psychiatric Diagnoses Among Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopic Surgery
Authors: Iglinski-Benjamin Kag C. , Xiao Michelle , Safran Marc R. , Abrams Geoffrey D.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Active patients with musculoskeletal pain are not immune to psychological or psychiatric disease. Observations suggest that patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery may have an increased prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions.

Hypothesis:

Patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery have an increased prevalence of concomitant psychiatric diagnoses compared with the general population as well as those undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Study Design:

Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A retrospective review of a medical claims database spanning from 2007 to 2016 was utilized to identify patients with a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code indicating that they had undergone hip arthroscopic surgery. This group was then dichotomized to those with or without an International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9) and 10th Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code indicating a psychological or psychiatric condition at any time before hip arthroscopic surgery or up to 2 years after hip arthrscopic surgery. As a control, ICD-9 and ICD-10 diagnosis codes for psychological or psychiatric conditions were determined in patients without a CPT code for hip arthroscopic surgery (general population) as well as for 2 surgical groups: those undergoing ACL reconstruction and those undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery. Prevalence was determined in all groups and compared using chi-square analysis.

Results:

There were 22,676,069 patients in the database, with 2428 undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery. Those undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery had a 3-fold increased prevalence of concomitant psychiatric diagnoses compared with the general population (52% vs 17%, respectively; P < .0001). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses in the hip arthroscopic surgery group between male and female patients (46% vs 56%, respectively; P = .0061), with depression and anxiety being the 2 most common comorbid conditions. Those undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery also had a significantly increased prevalence of concomitant psychiatric diagnoses versus those undergoing ACL reconstruction (52% vs 28%, respectively; P < .0001) as well as those undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery (52% vs 42%, respectively; P < .0001).

Conclusion:

Patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery had an increased prevalence of comorbid psychiatric conditions compared with the general population as well as those undergoing ACL reconstruction or shoulder stabilization surgery. Depression and anxiety were the most prevalent concomitant psychiatric diagnoses.
Linking justice perceptions, workplace relationship quality and job performance: The differential roles of vertical and horizontal workplace relationships
Authors: Gerlach Gisela I
Published: January 2019

Due to decentralization, flat organizational structures and prevalence of team work, employees interact more frequently and intensively within horizontal relationships with coworkers than within vertical relationships with supervisors. The present study contributes to a more complete understanding of antecedents and outcomes of local, interpersonal workplace relationships by simultaneously investigating employee–supervisor and employee–coworker relationships. Drawing on organizational justice theory and social exchange theory as well as data collected from 571 employees at two points in time, this study explores how justice perceptions affect social exchange relationships with supervisors and coworkers, and identifies mechanisms through which these, in turn, enhance employee job performance. Results suggest that informational and interpersonal justice differentially affect the quality of employee–supervisor and employee–coworker relationships, underlining the relevance of considering both supervisors and coworkers as sources of justice. Moreover, the findings indicate that employee–supervisor and employee–coworker relationships contribute to job performance, but through distinct paths. Job satisfaction mediates the link between both social exchange relationships and job performance, while quality of employee–coworker relationships further enhances job performance through employees’ motivation to engage in learning and knowledge sharing.
Why did Cornwall vote for Brexit? Assessing the implications for EU structural funding programmes
Authors: Willett Joanie , Tidy Rebecca , Tregidga Garry , Passmore Philip
Published: January 2019

In the 2016 referendum on UK EU membership, regions which benefitted from high levels of structural funds voted to leave the EU. This was unexpected given the Europeanisation processes expected of the funds in terms of identity and loyalty. Within this case study of Cornwall, we use qualitative methods to assess why this happened and the implications for future structural funding programmes. We find that the rationale behind the Brexit vote was less about the EU as an institution, but was a reflection of the deep levels of uncertainty, insecurity and frustration that people felt about governance decisions, scarce resources and the future for themselves and their children. This created a situation where people looked to the nation state for support and security, and were fearful of post-national forms of identification and governance. Consequently, EU support is imagined as being organised by ‘elites’, for elites, rather than benefitting local communities. We suggest breaking down some of the barriers that have arisen through a participatory approach to development decision-making, greater flexibility to regional priorities, and forms of funding that individuals might apply to – such as a skills pot to facilitate easier access to further education and training.
EGFR plasma mutation in prediction models for resistance with EGFR TKI and survival of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Phan Thang Thanh , Tran Bich‐Thu , Nguyen Son Truong , Ho Toan Trong , Nguyen Hang Thuy , Le Vu Thuong , Le Anh Tuan
Published: January 2019

Background

This study aims to clarify the prognostic role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in plasma of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), in correlation with clinical characteristics. A total of 94 Adenocarcinoma, clinical stage IV NSCLC patients with either E19del or L858R mutation were admitted to the prospective study from Jan‐2016 to Jul‐2018. EGFR mutations in plasma were detected by scorpions ARMS method. The Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression methods were used to estimate and test the difference of progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between groups. The prognostic power of each factor was appraised by the Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) method.

Results

Among 94 patients, 28 cases still are good responses according to the RECIST criteria and negative for EGFR mutations in plasma. Of 66 resistant patients, EGFR mutations were positive in plasma of 57 cases (86.4%) which was higher than the value of pre‐treatment (48.5%). Of which, 17 patients (25.8%) have the occurrence of EGFR mutations in plasma earlier than progression 2.1 (0.6–7.9) months. The secondary T790M mutation was found in the plasma of 32 cases (48.5%). Median PFS and OS for the study subjects were 12.9 (11.0–14.2) and 29.5 (25.2–41.3) months, respectively. The post‐treatment EGFR plasma test with brain and new metastasis were detected as independent prognostic factors for worse PFS (P = 0.008, 0.016 and 0.028, respectively). While EGFR plasma (P = 0.044) with bone metastasis at baseline (P = 0.012), new metastasis (P = 0.003), and high cfDNA concentration (P = 0.004) serve as the worse survival factors, surgery treatment helps to prolong OS in NSCLC treated with EGFR TKI (P = 0.012). BMA analysis identified EGFR plasma test as the strongest prognostic factor for both PFS and OS (possibility of 100% and 99.7%, respectively).

Conclusions

EGFR plasma test is the powerfully prognostic factor for early resistance with EGFR TKI and worse survival in NSCLC regardless of clinical characteristics.
GenBio-MAPS: A Programmatic Assessment to Measure Student Understanding of Vision and Change Core Concepts across General Biology Programs
Authors: Couch Brian A. , Wright Christian D. , Freeman Scott , Knight Jennifer K. , Semsar Katharine , Smith Michelle K. , Summers Mindi M. , Zheng Yi , Crowe Alison J. , Brownell Sara E.
Published: January 2019

The Vision and Change report provides a nationally agreed upon framework of core concepts that undergraduate biology students should master by graduation. While identifying these concepts was an important first step, departments also need ways to measure the extent to which students understand these concepts. Here, we present the General Biology–Measuring Achievement and Progression in Science (GenBio-MAPS) assessment as a tool to measure student understanding of the core concepts at key time points in a biology degree program. Data from more than 5000 students at 20 institutions reveal that this instrument distinguishes students at different stages of the curriculum, with an upward trend of increased performance at later time points. Despite this trend, we identify several concepts that advanced students find challenging. Linear mixed-effects models reveal that gender, race/ethnicity, English-language status, and first-generation status predict overall performance and that different institutions show distinct performance profiles across time points. GenBio-MAPS represents the first programmatic assessment for general biology programs that spans the breadth of biology and aligns with the Vision and Change core concepts. This instrument provides a needed tool to help departments monitor student learning and guide curricular transformation centered on the teaching of core concepts.
Symplectic interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method for solving the seismic scalar wave equation
Authors: He Xijun , Yang Dinghui , Ma Xiao , Zhou Yanjie
Published: January 2019

To improve the computational accuracy and efficiency of long-time wavefield simulations, we have developed a so-called symplectic interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (IPDG) method for 2D acoustic equation. For the symplectic IPDG method, the scalar wave equation is first transformed into a Hamiltonian system. Then, the high-order IPDG formulations are introduced for spatial discretization because of their high accuracy and ease of dealing with computational domains with complex boundaries. The time integration is performed using an explicit third-order symplectic partitioned Runge-Kutta scheme so that it preserves the Hamiltonian structure of the wave equation in long-term simulations. Consequently, the symplectic IPDG method combines the advantages of discontinuous Galerkin method and the symplectic time integration. We investigate the properties of the method in detail for high-order spatial basis functions, including the stability criteria, numerical dispersion and dissipation relationships, and numerical errors. The analyses indicate that the symplectic SIPG method is nondissipative and retains low numerical dispersion. We also find that different symplectic IPDG methods have different convergence behaviors. It is indicated that using coarse meshes with a high-order method produces smaller errors and retains high accuracy. We have applied our method to simulate the scalar wavefields for different models, including layered models, a rough topography model, and the Marmousi model. The numerical results show that the symplectic IPDG method can suppress numerical dispersion effectively and provide accurate information on the wavefields. We also conduct a long-term experiment that verifies the capability of symplectic IPDG method for long-time simulations.
Retrieval of a Esophageal pH Monitoring Probe Dislodged Into the Laryngopharynx: A Case Report
Authors: Kristobak Benjamin M. , Crane Kathryn A.
Published: January 2019

Esophageal pH monitoring via wireless probes is used to evaluate chest pain and atypical symptoms and diagnose gastroesophageal reflux. These probes are commonly placed during esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed by gastroenterologists in an ambulatory anesthesia setting. Dislodgment and aspiration of these probes can cause morbidity, require surgical removal, and involve the anesthesia provider in prolonged emergency care. We present a case of a probe dislodgment where aspiration was avoided and describe how retrieval of this device is different from typical hypopharyngeal foreign body removal.
Cerebral Oximetry Fails as a Monitor of Brain Perfusion in Cardiac Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: McAvoy James , Jaffe Richard , Brock-Utne John , López Jaime , Brodt Jessica
Published: January 2019

Cerebral oximetry is commonly being advocated as a monitor for regional cerebral tissue oxygenation during cardiac surgery. We have increasing concern about the accuracy of this monitor, including the current systems entering the market, with new probes and algorithms. We present 2 cases where cerebral oximetry failed to accurately portray cerebral oxygenation. In the current form, cerebral oximetry may at best be an expensive tool without any benefit on outcomes. In addition, it may contribute to misleading and confusing clinical data.
After Trans Studies
Authors: Chu Andrea Long , Harsin Drager Emmett
Published: January 2019

This dialogue contends with the state of trans studies today. While the authors differ in their levels of optimism for its future, they both agree that if trans studies is to survive, it must be able articulate a fresh set of reading practices distinct from, or even at odds with, those of queer studies. Revisiting Sandy Stone's field-defining 1991 essay “The Empire Strikes Back,” they note that trans studies paradoxically begins with a call to abandon the figure of the transsexual, imagined solely as a normative medical category. In contrast, the authors argue that the critical value of the transsexual lies precisely in her being an obstacle to romantic narratives of antinormative queerness.
β-Catenin is essential for differentiation of primary myoblasts via cooperation with MyoD and α-catenin
Authors: Cui Shuang , Li Liang , Yu Ruth T. , Downes Michael , Evans Ronald M. , Hulin Julie-Ann , Makarenkova Helen P. , Meech Robyn
Published: January 2019

Canonical Wnts promote myoblast differentiation; however, the role of β-catenin in adult myogenesis has been contentious, and its mechanism(s) unclear. Using CRISPR-generated β-catenin-null primary adult mouse myoblasts, we found that β-catenin was essential for morphological differentiation and timely deployment of the myogenic gene program. Alignment, elongation and fusion were grossly impaired in null cells, and myogenic gene expression was not coordinated with cytoskeletal and membrane remodeling events. Rescue studies and genome-wide analyses extended previous findings that a β-catenin-TCF/LEF interaction is not required for differentiation, and that β-catenin enhances MyoD binding to myogenic loci. We mapped cellular pathways controlled by β-catenin and defined novel targets in myoblasts, including the fusogenic genes myomaker and myomixer. We also showed that interaction of β-catenin with α-catenin was important for efficient differentiation. Overall the study suggests dual roles for β-catenin: a TCF/LEF-independent nuclear function that coordinates an extensive network of myogenic genes in cooperation with MyoD; and an α-catenin-dependent membrane function that helps control cell-cell interactions. β-Catenin-TCF/LEF complexes may function primarily in feedback regulation to control levels of β-catenin and thus prevent precocious/excessive myoblast fusion.
Winters’s formula revisited
Authors: Kopel Jonathan , Berdine Gilbert
Published: January 2019

The fundamentals of acid-base physiology underlie numerous pathological processes and treatments. The modern methods used to evaluate a patient’s acid-base status are based on Lawrence J. Henderson’s early work on the thermodynamics and kinetics of acid-base reactions. Henderson’s work eventually culminated in two groundbreaking papers advancing our understanding and approaches to measuring a patient’s acid-base status. However, Henderson’s formula failed to provide information on the secondary compensation to primary acid-base disturbances. During the mid-20th century, two physicians, Horace W. Davenport and Robert W. Winters, revealed the physiological mechanisms and provided a mathematical description of acid-base physiology. In this paper, we discuss the history of acid-base physiology and revisit Winters’s formula with respect to extreme disturbances in pH.
VEGF modulation and renal effects: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Pena-Hernandez Camilo , Rahman Rubayat , Thavaraputta Subhanudh , Garg Nishi
Published: January 2019

Angiogenesis has been known for decades to be an essential step in cancer growth. Inrecent years, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family was identified as a crucialstimulus (and product by tumors) for neovascularization, nutrition, oxygen delivery, andmetastatic dissemination; VEGF inhibition currently has an important role in cancer therapy.The development and increased use of VEGF inhibitors has led to the identification of sideeffects and renal complications. Vascular endothelial growth factor is produced by renalpodocytes to maintain a healthy endothelium, mesangium, and tubular structures. With thedisruption of nutritional processes in the kidney, there can be renal injury starting at the cellularlevel and referred to by some experts as anti-VEGF nephropathy (hypertension, thromboticmicroangiopathy, proteinuria, renal failure).Here we present the case of a man with renal cell carcinoma who was treated with surgicalresection and later started on sunitinib. He developed several acute and chronic medicalproblems, including some related to anti-VEGF toxicity.
Pneumomediastinum secondary to invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation
Authors: Mousa Sara , Edriss Hawa
Published: January 2019

Pneumomediastinum (PM) is defined as the presence of abnormal gas in the mediastinum.It is a known complication of invasive mechanical ventilation and has been reported withnon-invasive ventilation. Recent studies have reported that the incidence of barotrauma islowest in post-operative patients and is highest in mechanically ventilated patients with acuterespiratory distress syndrome. The incidence has dropped with the low tidal volume ventilationtechnique. Chest x-rays can miss up to 25% of small PMs detected by computed tomographyscans of the chest. Pneumomediastinum is managed with low tidal volume ventilation withplateau pressures <30 cm H2O and treatment of the underlying lung disease. Novel ways ofventilation, such as high frequency oscillatory ventilation and asynchronous independent lungventilation, may improve ventilation in some patients.
A case of acute onset headache and visual loss
Authors: Panikkath Deepa
Published: January 2019

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder. Typically,GPA presents with upper airway, pulmonary, and renal symptoms; an initial presentation limitedto central system involvement (CNS) is rare. This case report describes a 54-year-old womanwho presented with persistent daily headaches and a visual defect. Investigation revealedmeningeal inflammation and optic neuritis demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging andpositive serine proteinase-3 ANCA serology diagnostic of GPA. She had a dramatic clinicalresponse to corticosteroids. This case highlights a rare initial presentation of GPA with CNSmanifestations.
Implementation of shared decision-making in healthcare policy and practice: a complex adaptive systems perspective
Authors: Munro Sarah , Kornelsen Jude , Wilcox Elizabeth , Kaufman Sarah , Bansback Nick , Corbett Kitty , Janssen Patricia
Published: January 2019

Background:

Despite the suggested benefits of shared decision-making (SDM), its implementation in policy and practice has been slow and inconsistent. Use of complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory may provide understanding of how healthcare system factors influence implementation of SDM.

Methods:

Using the example of choice of mode of birth after a previous caesarean section, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients, providers, and decision makers in British Columbia, Canada, to explore the system characteristics and processes that influence implementation of SDM. Implementation and knowledge translation principles guided study design, and constructionist grounded theory informed iterative data collection and analysis.

Findings:

Analysis of interviews (n=58) revealed that patients formed early preferences for mode of delivery (after the primary caesarean) through careful deliberation of social risks and benefits. Physicians acted as information providers of clinical risks and benefits, while decision makers revealed concerns related to liability and patient safety. These concerns stemmed from perceptions of limited access to surgical resources, which had resulted from budget constraints.

Discussion and conclusions:

To facilitate the effective implementation of SDM in policy and practice it may be critical to initiate SDM once patients become aware of their healthcare options, assist patients to address the social risks that influence their preferences, manage perceptions of risk related to patient safety and litigation among physicians, and enhance access to healthcare resources.
Evidence to support delivery of effective health services: a responsive programme of rapid evidence synthesis
Authors: Chambers Duncan , Booth Andrew , Rodgers Mark , Preston Louise , Dalton Jane , Goyder Elizabeth , Thomas Sian , Parker Gillian , Street Andrew , Eastwood Alison
Published: January 2019

Background

Two UK academic centres were commissioned to provide a responsive rapid evidence synthesis service. The service covered topics identified by the National Institute for Health Research Health Services & Delivery Research (NIHR HSDR) programme as priorities for the National Health Service or to inform research commissioning.

Aims and objectives

To describe and evaluate the review teams’ interactions with the evidence users the programme aimed to serve, primarily NHS clinicians, commissioners and managers. We particularly aim to highlight the barriers and facilitators to the impact that this type of programme may have on the uptake and use of research evidence by decision makers.

Methods

Narrative review of stakeholder interactions at different stages of the review process: prioritisation and defining scope; dealing with unexpected results; dissemination of findings; and measuring impact, illustrated by examples from the first three years of the service (2014–17).

Conclusions

Timely production of high-quality outputs was facilitated by: initial mapping and scoping of the available published evidence; early engagement with stakeholders to optimise their involvement within limited time and resources; and willingness to consider creative solutions and different ways of working to overcome problems encountered in specific projects.
Comunidades locales y pueblos indígenas
Authors: Tostes Vieira Marta
Published: January 2019

Coronel, M. & Solórzano, J. (2017). Comunidades locales y pueblos indígenas: su rol en la conservación, mantenimiento y creación de áreas protegidas. Iniciativa Visión Amazónica. REDPARQUES, WWF, FAO, UICN, ONU Medio Ambiente. Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza y de los Recursos Naturales.En el marco del proyecto Integración de las áreas protegidas del Bioma Amazónico (IAPA), desarrollado por la iniciativa Visión Amazónica y financiado por la Unión Europea, se estudia el rol de los conocimientos ancestrales de los pueblos indígenas y de las prácticas de las comunidades locales para la conservación de las áreas protegidas en los bosques amazónicos. Se tiene en cuenta cinco paisajes al norte y cinco al sur para analizar los aspectos ecológicos, sociales y culturales, que permiten entender la conformación y limitaciones de las redes de colaboración para la gobernanza local, que faciliten el desarrollo de actividades sostenibles, y que, a la vez, contribuyan a la conservación de las áreas protegidas analizadas. Asimismo, presenta ejemplos sobre pautas concretas para mantener la gobernanza territorial y evitar el aprovechamiento intensivo que pone en riesgo poblaciones de flora y fauna y la preservación cultural. Esta sistematización de experiencias permite el intercambio de buenas prácticas y comparte lecciones aprendidas a tener en cuenta para promover el desarrollo sostenible en el ámbito de la biodiversidad amazónica.
La conquista y colonización de Maranhão-Grão Pará: el gran proyecto de la Monarquía Hispánica para la Amazonia brasileña (1580-1640)
Authors: Santos Pérez José Manuel
Published: January 2019

La zona conocida a principios del siglo XVII como Maranhão abarcaba la práctica totalidad de la Amazonia. Famosa en la Europa renacentista por ser una región de múltiples mitos y leyendas, comenzó a materializarse como un atractivo territorio para diferentes sociedades europeas interesadas en la expansión y colonización de los territorios de ultramar. A medida que estas iniciativas se iban concretando, la doble corona hispano-lusa fue organizando una respuesta frente a ellas que a partir de 1618 se convirtió en un gran proyecto militar, religioso, administrativo y de colonización para una región que lejos de ser motivo de confrontación entre los sistemas políticos portugués y español, sirvió como gran plataforma para un objetivo integrador dentro de la Unión Ibérica. Fue durante este periodo que se pusieron las bases para la posterior colonización efectiva europea del territorio, tarea que se dilató más de dos siglos.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: January 2019
Authors: Yaghoobi Mohammad
Published: January 2019

To receive CME/MOC credit for this activity, please go to: http://acgjournalcme.gi.org/

Article Title: Diagnosis and Management of Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Continuing Medical Education Questions: January 2019
Authors: Park James S.
Published: January 2019

To receive CME/MOC credit for this activity, please go to: http://acgjournalcme.gi.org/

Article Title: Refractory Ascites in Liver Cirrhosis
Lexicografia Pedagógica
Authors: Zavaglia Claudia , Nadin Odair Luiz
Published: January 2019

Apresentação do número temático.
Verdade e mito dos dicionários de aprendizes do inglês e do alemão
Authors: Borba Laura Campos de , Bugueño Miranda Félix
Published: January 2019

Segundo a teoria metalexicográfica, os dicionários pedagógicos estão atrelados ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem de uma língua. Isso significa que não há como dissociar essa classe de obras lexicográficas dos programas de ensino. O objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar se uma modalidade específica de dicionários pedagógicos, os chamados dicionários de aprendizes de uma língua estrangeira, estão efetivamente atrelados a algum programa de ensino. Ademais, será analisada a maneira como a língua-alvo é descrita. Avaliar-se-á um dicionário de aprendizes de língua inglesa (learner’s dictionary) e outro de língua alemã (Lernerwörterbuch). Foram escolhidos esses idiomas em função de dois fatores. Em primeiro lugar, para ambas as línguas, há documentos que contêm diretrizes sobre o seu ensino-aprendizagem (English Profile (2011) e Profile Deutsch (2005), respectivamente). Em segundo lugar, porque ambas as línguas contam com expoentes de dicionários de aprendizes. Nossos resultados demonstram não há uma correlação entre recursos léxicos específicos e níveis de aprendizagem. Como consequência disso, os documentos supracitados não são úteis para a compilação de dicionários. Os dicionários de aprendizes analisados, por sua vez, refletem a norma em uso, mas, evidentemente, não estão atrelados aos documentos norteadores de ensino-aprendizagem do inglês e do alemão.
Descrição semântica em dicionários para aprendizes de espanhol
Authors: Farias Virginia Sita
Published: January 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar as informações semânticas (paráfrases definidoras, exemplos, pós-comentários) apresentadas em verbetes de palavras gramaticais nos dois dicionários para aprendizes de língua espanhola mais utilizados no Brasil: DPELE e DSLE. A metodologia consiste na análise dos dados semânticos dispostos nos verbetes, considerando o perfil do usuário, a definição tipológica do dicionário e sua(s) função(ões). Os resultados obtidos apontam para uma discrepância entre as informações disponíveis nos verbetes das obras analisadas e as reais necessidades dos consulentes. Conclui-se, portanto, que a concepção dos dicionários avaliados não atende à definição tipológica do genótipo lexicográfico em questão e tampouco corresponde a um perfil específico de usuário.
Reflexiones preliminares acerca del tratamiento de la equivalencia verbal en un diccionario (semi)bilingüe para el aprendizaje de la lengua española
Authors: Bueno Rejane , Durão Adja Balbino de Amorim Barbieri
Published: January 2019

En este trabajo se proponen reflexiones acerca del tratamiento de los equivalentes propuestos para verbos en un repertorio lexicográfico (semi)bilingüe para el aprendizaje de la lengua española. Se parte de una noción de enseñanza comunicativa de lenguas y de la autonomía productiva. Se propone un análisis histórico, terminológico y conceptual del diccionario (semi)bilingüe y se establece una relación entre los equivalentes que se incluyen en este tipo de repertorio. A partir de la observación de los equivalentes de traducción de los verbos presentes en un repertorio lexicográfico de lengua española para aprendices brasileños se ha analizado si esta elección obedece a criterios sistemáticos y coherentes desde una perspectiva lingüística y lexicográfica, así como también si tienen en cuenta al potencial usuario del diccionario.
Prende la computadora, usa el diccionario de colocaciones de sustantivo + verbo y mejora tu aprendizaje
Authors: Jordan de Mogendorff Ivonne , Bevilacqua Cleci
Published: January 2019

Este trabajo presenta una propuesta inicial de diccionario pedagógico bilingüe de colocaciones formadas por sustantivo + verbo en lengua española. Su objetivo es auxiliar a los alumnos de español, hablantes de portugués brasilero, en sus producciones orales y escritas. Estos estudiantes tienen dificultad especial con aquellas colocaciones en las que el verbo o el sustantivo es diferente en las dos lenguas como en “prender la computadora” (español) y “ligar o computador” (portugués) o “tener éxito” (español) y "ter sucesso" (portugués). Los estudiantes, generalmente no las trabajan de forma clara y explícita en los niveles iniciales de enseñanza, y por ese motivo, hacen la transferencia de su lengua materna para el español. Este trabajo aporta un panorama general sobre la Fraseología, deslinda su objeto de estudio y detalla las características de las colocaciones. Posteriormente, se expone la metodología que se emplea para la selección de las colocaciones y se presenta una propuesta de diccionario de colocaciones de sustantivo + verbo divergentes entre ambas lenguas. Se espera que este diccionario auxilie a los alumnos brasileros a mejorar su dominio colocacional y, por ende, su competencia comunicativa.
Protótipo de verbete de um dicionário bilíngue pedagógico para aprendizes brasileiros de espanhol com foco nas unidades fraseológicas
Authors: Guidotti Arelis Felipe Ortigoza
Published: January 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo geral apresentar um protótipo de verbete que registre unidades léxicas simples e complexas do campo semântico da alimentação na direção espanhol-português presentes em livros didáticos do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) 2011 e 2012. Com base na Lexicografia Bilíngue Pedagógica e na Fraseografia, discorreremos sobre aspectos relacionados às informações que um dicionário bilíngue pedagógico de espanhol para aprendizes brasileiros deveria conter ao registrar Unidades Fraseológicas nos seus verbetes. Esperamos que os resultados apresentados possam despertar o interesse de lexicógrafos, fraseólogos e fraseógrafos para que outras pesquisas sejam desenvolvidas na área do ensino e da aprendizagem do espanhol como língua estrangeira no Brasil.
lematização de expressões idiomáticas em dicionários para aprendizes
Authors: Teer Jacqueline Vaccaro
Published: January 2019

Esse trabalho discute a inserção de fraseologia, especificamente de Expressões Idiomáticas (EIs), em dicionários de aprendizes de língua espanhola. Para isso, defende-se a importância de sua inclusão, já que são não composicionais, ou seja, seu significado não pode ser depreendido a partir da somatória dos significados individuais dos elementos que as compõem. A análise foi feita da seguinte forma: foram buscadas EIs em dois intervalos lemáticos de cem folhas cada no dicionário SEÑAS, que é um dicionário de tamanho menor e direcionado a falantes de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira (E/LE) de nível intermediário. A partir dos resultados encontrados, buscaram-se essas mesmas EIs no dicionário SALAMANCA, obra de porte maior, monolíngue e direcionado a falantes de E/LE de nível avançado. Com essa análise contrastiva, foi possível constatar algumas deficiências de ambos os dicionários como falta de marcas de uso ou não concordância sobre forma, extensão ou variantes de EIs.
Marcas de uso e redes medioestruturais de verbetes sobre homossexual masculino em dicionários escolares
Authors: Santos Hugo Leonardo Gomes dos , Pontes Antônio Luciano , Praxedes Filho Pedro Henrique Lima
Published: January 2019

Nosso objetivo foi investigar quais as marcas de uso utilizadas nos dicionários escolares tipo 3 do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático 2012 para indicar as restrições e os contextos de uso de palavras relacionadas a homossexual masculino, bem como suas implicações para a compreensão dos sentidos ali expressos. Buscamos fundamentação teórica nos campos da Metalexicografia e da Lexicografia Pedagógica (WELKER, 2004; PONTES, 2009; 2012; GARRIGA ESCRIBANO, 1994; 1995; FAJARDO, 1997) e operamos uma pesquisa descritiva e qualitativa. Apresentamos um levantamento de 11 entradas relacionadas a homossexual masculino, totalizando 44 verbetes extraídos de cinco dicionários escolares. A partir das definições selecionadas, elaboramos redes de fluxo de sentido, redes medioestruturais, e analisamos o posicionamento das marcas de uso empregadas por cada dicionário, nas redes elaboradas, e os padrões de marcação de cada palavra. Em relação às conclusões, podemos destacar dois aspectos: (1) a marca mais recorrente em nosso corpus foi a que se refere ao uso pejorativo, indicando os contextos discriminatórios em que essas palavras são empregadas; e (2) palavras marcadas, como “bicha”, “baitola” e “maricas”, por exemplo, estão posicionadas às margens da rede e o fluxo de sentidos converge dessas palavras para as palavras não marcadas “gay” e “homossexual”.
semântica cognitiva como ferramenta de otimização das definições tipo whole-sentence
Authors: Brangel Larissa Moreira
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo discute possíveis contribuições da semântica cognitiva para a otimização de definições lexicográficas do tipo whole-sentence. Nos últimos anos, as whole-sentence definitions têm ganhado reconhecimento nas obras lexicográficas pedagógicas em razão de sua maneira diferenciada de explicar o significado das palavras para o consulente. Apesar de apresentar uma notória aproximação com os postulados da semântica cognitiva, muito pouco se tem teorizado sobre esse tipo de definição, de modo que a sua elaboração ainda é feita de maneira bastante intuitiva pelos lexicógrafos. Desta forma, com o intuito de fornecer subsídios de base teórica para o aprimoramento das definições whole-sentence, o presente artigo discute pontos de contato entre as whole-sentence definitions e a semântica cognitiva, estreitando, assim, as relações entre a teoria semântica e a prática lexicográfica. Além disso, o artigo também apresenta uma proposta prática de aplicação da semântica cognitiva na elaboração das definições whole-sentence, tomando como base os princípios da semântica de frames e a base de dados da FrameNet.
Lexicografía Pedagógica/Didáctica: entrevista con María Teresa Fuentes Morán
Authors: Nadin Odair Luiz , Zavaglia Claudia
Published: January 2019

Entrevista.
Beneficial effects of Spirogyra Neglecta Extract on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Mesbahzadeh Behzad , Rajaei Seyed Ali , Tarahomi Parnia , Seyedinia Seyed Ali , Rahmani Mehrnoush , Rezamohamadi Fatemeh , Kakar Muhammad Azam , Moradi-Kor Nasroallah
Published: January 2019

Objectives

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation ofSpirogyraalgae on oxidative damages and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods

Diabetes was induced by administration of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin. A total of sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups of eight rats each as follows:1) non-diabetic control; 2, 3, and 4) non-diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg ofSpirogyraalgae/kg/d; 5) control diabetic; and 6, 7, and 8) diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg ofSpirogyraalgae extract. At the end of the trial, the serum concentrations of glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were examined by specified procedures.

Results

Our findings indicated that the administration of STZ significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-a, and MDA and decreased the serum levels of GSH and TAS (P<0.05) in diabetic rats. Oral administration ofSpirogyraalleviated adverse effects of diabetes on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats (P<0.05).

Conclusion

It can be stated thatSpirogyraalgae extract can be used for treatment of diabetes likely due to prevention of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation in the rat model.
Production and Analysis of Recycled Ammonium Perrhenate from CMSX-4 superalloys
Authors: Gonzalez-Rodriguez J. , Pepper Katherine , Baron M.G. , Mamo S.K. , Simons A.M.
Published: January 2019

The process to extract rhenium from a superalloy is an immense technical challenge due the complex chemistry involved. Being one of the rarest elements in the earth’s crust the scarcity and cost of rhenium makes it advantageous to recover the element from scrap superalloy. In this research the separation and monitoring of the different stages of the recycling process to extract rhenium from CMSX-4 superalloys using a distillation process were performed. This novel method combining distillation and use of exchange resins was used to separate rhenium from a complex mixture of metals in the CMSX-4 superalloy. The identification and quantitation of perrhenate and contaminants were performed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ion chromatography (IC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy- Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). Perrhenate ions were extracted with purity close to 93%. The analytical characteristics for a novel infrared method to quickly identify perrhenate anions from CMSX-4 are presented. The main characteristics of the analytical validation were: LoD: 0.5% w/w; LoQ: 1.5% w/w; linear range 1.5-100% w/w; correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9905; precision (%RSD) for 10%w/w = 6.6 and 75%w/w = 4.1, respectively; accuracy (%) for 10% w/w 99.6% and 75% w/w=101.1, respectively.
Control of Integrating Process with Time Delay
Authors: Raza Ashraf , Anwar Nishat
Published: January 2019

This paper addresses the control of integrating processes with time delay. Two different control structures, namely single feedback loop (SFBL) and double feedback loop (DFBL) have been considered. In the SFBL, the controller has been designed using direct synthesis approach for the desired regulatory performance. In the DFBL, the inner loop controller is the proportional only controller which stabilizes the inner loop. The outer loop controller of DFBL has been designed through direct synthesis approach to achieve desired servo performance. Both the proposed control scheme works satisfactorily for low order as well as high order integrating process which may have a time delay and inverse response dynamics. Simulation of various examples shows improved performance when compared with the recently reported method.
A Design of the Beam-Adjustable Metasurface Based on the Plasma Metamaterial with the Dielectric Matching Layers
Authors: Zhang Hai-Feng , Ma Yu , Zhang Hao
Published: January 2019

In this paper, a beam-adjustable metasurface (BAM) is realized based on the plasma metamaterial with a dielectric matching layer technique, which is a novel phase compensation method. In order to realize phase compensation from 0° to 360°, the dielectric matching layers are added above the BAM to compensate the phase. The added dielectric layers can have different refractive indices or different thicknesses. Compared with the conventional phase compensation methods, such a method has an universal adaptability, and the phase curve of unit cell does not need to cover 0° ~ 360°. The elements of the BAM can be reconstructed by adjusting the excitation region of the plasma resonance structures to achieve spatial beam scanning. The simulation results show that the proposed BAM has a good performance. It provides that such a novel idea can help to design the novel BAMs to obtain the adjustable and scannable reflective beam in space.
Design of Balanced Filter with Wide Stopband by Using Discriminating Coupling
Authors: Cao Qingchun , Liu Hui , Gao Li
Published: January 2019

This paper presents a novel balanced filter with enhanced stopband by using discriminating coupling. The proposed design utilizes third-order quarter-wavelength coupled resonators to obtain the filtering responses. Discriminating coupling is applied between feedline and resonator. The circuit is theoretically analyzed and implemented for demonstration. The operating frequency is located at 2.4 GHz and the common-mode rejection is larger than 20 dB up to 9 GHz (3.75f0). Due to discriminating coupling, the differential mode out-of-band rejection is larger than 20 dB up to 18 GHz (7.5f0), which shows wide stopband.
Hydrogenation of Dibenzo-18-Crown-6 Ether Using γ-Al2O3 Supported Ru-Pd and Ru-Ni Bimetallic Nanoalloy Catalysts
Authors: Suryawanshi Yogeshwar R. , Chakraborty Mousumi , Jauhari Smita , Mukhopadhyay Sulekha , Shenoy Kalsanka. T.
Published: January 2019

Ruthenium-palladium (Ru-Pd) and ruthenium-nickel (Ru-Ni) bimetallic nanoalloy particles with various metal compositions were synthesized by microwave irradiated (MWI) solvothermal technique using PVP (poly-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) as capping agent and ethylene glycol as a solvent as well as reducing agent. Synthesized bimetallic nanoalloy particles were subsequently impregenated onto γ-Al2O3support to obtain supported nanoalloy catalysts. Agglomeration of nanoalloyparticles were restricted by using excess solvent during synthesis, then distilled and recovered after completion of reaction. Hydrogenation of Dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether (DB18C6) was carried out at 9 MPa, 120°C and 3.5 h using synthesized bimetallic nanoalloy catalysts. It was observed that bimetallic nanolloycatalyst synthesized by MWI using Ru:Pd 3:1 % (w/w), exhibited higher catalytic activity and resulted 98.9 % conversion of DB18C6 with 100 % selectivity towards cis-syn-cis dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 ether (CSC DCH18C6).
A Multi-Objective Framework to Improve Voltage Stability in A Distribution Network
Authors: Aravinth Arputha , Vatul Vikas Anand , Narayanan K , Muthukumar K , Senjyu Tomonobu
Published: January 2019

This paper investigates the performance of a radial system while installing a Distributed Generator (DG) in existing Distribution Network (DN). The investigation has been performed with various types of DG units for different topologies of the DN. The present work uses a Voltage Stability Index (VSI) for identifying the location for installing a DG in the DN. A multi-objective framework is proposed to evaluate the size of the DG to be installed by reducing power loss and deviation in bus voltage. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the size of DG. The proposed method has been tested with different types of DG units on standard systems (IEEE-33 bus and IEEE-69) with different radial topologies of DN.
The TRAP-BATH split in RP: A linguistic index for English learners
Authors: Yang James H.
Published: January 2019

Received Pronunciation (RP) holds prestige not only in the UK, but also in many Outer and Expanding Circle countries and, even in the US, but the TRAP-BATH split (TBS) in RP, which refers to the shift from the vowel /a/ to /ɑː/, has still remained ambiguous because this sound shift contains inconsistent realizations that occur in identical codas, as illustrated in such lexical pairs as class but gas, path but math, last but enthusiast. What makes this sound feature more complicated is sociolinguistic variation. Although earlier discoveries have enhanced our understanding of the TBS, neither a definitive word list nor lexical frequency are provided for learners to enunciate BATH words. To provide RP learners with a linguistic index to learn BATH lexical set, this study expanded Wells’s study by including additional 16 phonetic environments, which generated a total of 304 relevant words for examining their pronunciation defined by dictionaries. The findings show that 13 out of the 30 environments can trigger the TBS more than 50% of the time. In particular, seven of them can completely predict the TBS (over 91%), and one of them can fully do so (83%). This feature appears as a regular conditioned sound pattern if well-defined by its phonetic environments.