bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Great Powers, The Middle East, and The Cold War (Case Study – Islamic Republic of Iran and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)
Authors: Ranaweera Kodagoda Janaka
Published: May 2023

The Middle East is a highly dynamic and unstructured regional system in which power relations are fluid, competitive, and volatile. Inevitably, the fluidity of power and the competition of a regional hegemonic power have invited external intervention. Furthermore, the region’s dynamism not only has exacerbated the subsystem’s fragmentation into sub-regions but also has afforded opportunities for the better-endowed small Arab states to play in the greater game of regional power politics. Due to its geopolitical importance, any inter-and intra-state conflict in the Middle East has the potential not only of destabilizing the region as a whole or upset the regional balance of power but also to affect global stability. For these reasons, the Middle East has been a major center of world affairs; an economically, politically, and culturally sensitive area. The purpose of this analysis is to provide an account of international relations and the concept of power in the contemporary Middle East. To address the question of regional order, attention will focus on the policies of the main actors such as Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey, Yemen, the United States, and other non-state actors.
Efforts to Strengthen Cyber Defense and Cyber Security of the Indonesian Government in Maintaining National Security
Authors: Munawaroh Fadilah , Widodo Pujo , Azhari Yulian
Published: May 2023

The development of science and technology makes the threat to national defense also widen. From threats in the form of physical and non-physical. Increasingly sophisticated technology introduces people to the internet. Internet has become one of the primary needs today. Almost all activities are centralized from the Internet. Socio-economic, political, culture has been affected by the existence of the internet. Relations between communities have become very easy with the internet connected by social media. Out of a total of 270 million Indonesians, more than 170 million are active on social media. Not only that, economic activities, education to health have been facilitated by an online system with the existence of E-commerce and similar applications. This research discusses efforts to strengthen the Indonesian government's cyber defense and cyber security in maintaining national security. Using a descriptive qualitative research method, the author will discuss further the Indonesian government's efforts to strengthen cyber defense and security. One of these efforts has been carried out by issuing Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, the existence of this PP strengthens the protection of personal data and information. Therefore it becomes interesting to be discussed further.
Analysis of Indonesia's Maritime Security Strategy and Policy as the World Maritime Axis
Authors: Nurhayati Eka Siwi , Widodo Widodo , Said Budiman Djoko , Widodo Pujo , Saragih Herlina Juni Risma
Published: May 2023

As the largest archipelago, Indonesia should be able to utilize its potential to create prosperity for its people. In fact, the maritime sector has not been fully utilized by Indonesia. Indonesia must prioritize the goal of becoming a maritime country to restore maritime glory. This is in line with Indonesian President Joko Widodo's goal to make Indonesia the world's maritime axis. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The World Maritime Axis is indeed a decision taken by the government to restore the nature of Indonesia as an archipelago. Until now, the World Maritime Axis has not taken the form of a document equipped with a strategy in it. The strategy becomes an 'extension' of the policy, which currently there is no World Maritime Axis Strategy because the policy is still overlapping. Currently, the World Maritime Axis is categorized as a development policy discourse whose orientation is to realize Indonesia's vision as a maritime country, so it requires a lot of attention to fix and complete this idea so that it can be categorized as a policy and implemented through a strategy.
The Effect of Workload on the Performance of Aviation Security Officers at the 2022 Hajj Season Page at Adi Soemarmo Airport
Authors: Susanti Ade Irma , Frisnawati Elnia
Published: May 2023

Seeing the development of the business world which is currently increasing and competition in the service sector is getting tougher, this has pushed the level of competition in the business sector. Air transportation can also reach remote or remote areas, besides that it can also save travel time compared to other means of transportation such as land and sea. Some of the supervision carried out by Aviation Security officers during the pilgrimage is to check the hajj passengers and their luggage, ensure that the prospective haj passengers enter the special bus for prospective haj pilgrims, place labels on the door and trunk of the bus as a sign that the bus is sterile. of dangerous or prohibited goods, this of course can add to the workload and affect the performance of aviation security officers. This research uses quantitative methods. The data collection process in this study uses primary data. Primary data sources were obtained through interviews and distributing questionnaires which were distributed directly to aviation security officers at Adi Soemarmo airport. The results of this study indicate that based on the partial test results, it can be seen that the calculated t value is 2,338 with a significance level of 0.025. Because t count t table (2.3382000) and significance value 0.05 (0.025 0.05) the decision taken was Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Or there is an influence of workload on the performance of aviation security officers at the 2022 Hajj page season at Adi Soemarmo airport. Shows that there is a relationship of 0.216, which means that 21.6% and 79.4% are influenced by other factors or variables
Territorial Development Function for the Successful Assignment of TNI AD Soldiers at the Border (Study on the Border of West Kalimantan and NTT)
Authors: Suharnoko Suharnoko , Suprapto Suprapto , Supriyatno Makmur , Almubaroq Hikmat Zakky
Published: May 2023

TNI law number 34 of 2004 states that one of the TNI's duties is to carry out border security duties. As an elaboration of Law number 34, the TNI Commander issued a policy regarding the implementation of operations, especially border area security operations through the Commander's Regulation (Perpang) number 12 July 2007. The dynamics in the field show that the number of border security unit personnel is still lacking in the face of the vastness of the territory. what they have to protect. For this reason, it is necessary for them to involve the community in participating in border security efforts. The involvement of border communities is very important in supporting the success of the task. In maintaining good relations between the TNI AD and the people, the territorial function which is the function of the TNI AD is the right means. Soldiers must carry out territorial training (Binter) to achieve the unity of the Indonesian Army and the people in order to create security and order in their assigned area. One of the functions of Binter studied was the implementation of territorial attitudes. Writing refers to territorial research in the Badau area, namely the border of West Kalimantan with Malaysia and Motaain on the border of East Nusa Tenggara and Timor Leste. The conclusion from the analysis of the existing data shows that there is a significant influence on the Binter function in this case the territorial attitude on the success of the task where the implementation of the territorial attitude is the gateway to the success of territorial development activities in the assignment area in the framework of border security.
Operational Analysis of the Apron Movement Control (AMC) Unit in Handling Aircraft at Abdulrachman Saleh Airport Apron Malang
Authors: Gunawan Wahyu Ashari Tri , Rahimudin Rahimudin
Published: May 2023

Apron Movement Control (AMC) is an airport personnel who has a license and rating to carry out duties as responsible for flight operations, supervision, aircraft movement, vehicle traffic, passengers and cleanliness supervision in the airside area and records flight data on the apron. Supervision carried out by AMC aims to create flight security and safety and create discipline from service users which can affect activities on the air side. The purpose of this study was to find out how the Apron Movement Control (AMC) Unit Standard Operational Procedure is in handling aircraft on the apron and the obstacles faced by the AMC unit at Abdulrachman Saleh Airport Malang. This research is a qualitative research using primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The observation is to conduct a review or direct observation in the working area of the AMC unit. The interviews in this study were AMC officers consisting of the head of the AMC unit and 2 personnel. The documentation is collecting data at the time of observation and interviews, as well as taking pictures during field activities. The results of this study can be concluded that the Standard Operational Procedure unit Apron Movement Control (AMC) in handling aircraft on the apron, namely service and supervision. Services, namely arranging aircraft movements, plotting parking stands, services for emergency aircraft using follow me vehicles. Then the supervision referred to is supervision of vehicle traffic, movement of people/passengers, loading and unloading of goods, routine inspections of FOD, supervision during refueling, and when the engine is running up. The performance of AMC officers is said to be good because they carry out their duties in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) from the Ministry of Transportation and UPT. Obstacles in operational activities, namely the determination of parking stands still refers to the Indonesian Air Force and radio communications that often break up between ATC and AMC, AMR's accurate data is delayed in entering ATC and GH/airline units, heavy damage to aprons and taxiways, and airlines are late in delivering flights schedule. The solution to this problem is that the AMC unit holds internal and external meetings with ATC, GH and the Indonesian Air Force, so that the three parties can determine the best solution regarding flight operations.
Students’ Experience in Learning English Vocabulary Using Video on Youtube at The Eleven Grade of SMA Al-Washliyah 3 Medan in 2022-2023 Academic Year
Authors: Handayani Wulan , Nasution Yusnita
Published: May 2023

This research is find out the students’ experiences and meaning of experiences in learning English using video on YouTube notably as extra resources for people learning English at home. The study attempt to answer research question, that is why do students’ experiences matter when learning English vocabulary using video on YouTube? That question were answered through a series of observation and interviews. All of the students were asked to reflect on their experiences and what those events meant to them. This research was conducted in SMA AlWashliyah 3 Medan. There were five students’ participants. The phenomenological investigation was applied to the research. Data has a narrative structure. After that, it was triple checked using member checking. The result of the analysis reveals that students’ experience some feelings, thought, and activities in learning. Before learning activities, learners bring the background of knowledge and learning style in their learning English using video on YouTube. During learning activities, the students experience some feelings such as lazy, happy, comfortable and motivated to learn. The students also think about the vocabularies which increase during the process of learning. The results are that video on YouTube offer a new strategy of learning English which is interesting and that video on YouTube provide audiovisual materials in which the students learn English vocabulary.
The Effect of Financial Literacy and Paylater Payment System on Student Consumptive Behavior in Ciamis Regency in Sharia Economic Perspective
Authors: Maulida Engkar Rahma , Munandar Eris , Nurochani Nila
Published: May 2023

Financial literacy is a knowledge that everyone should know and understand, not just to manage income but to manage their finances well. More and more e-commerce that provide various kinds of payment systems, for example paylater, this is also a reason that someone must understand financial literacy. Students are synonymous with life that follows trends and likes to shop online which in turn causes consumptive behavior because they do not know how to manage finances properly. Therefore, financial literacy is essential for students when facing individual or group financial problems, but its implementation in everyday life will be even better. From this background, this research was conducted with the title "The Influence of Financial Literacy and the Paylater Payment System on Consumptive Behavior of Students in Ciamis Regency in the Perspective of Sharia Economics". This study used quantitative research methods and for primary data collection, data collection techniques were carried out by distributing Google form questionnaires and this study also used purposive sampling as a sampling method so that 100 samples were found, namely students in Ciamis Regency with data analysis using multiple linear regression. The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of financial literacy and the paylater payment system on the consumptive behavior of students in Ciamis Regency in the perspective of Islamic Economics. The results of this study show that the results of the T-test variable financial literacy partially have a negative and significant effect on consumptive behavior (Y) of students in Ciamis Regency, the results of tcount -2.236 and ttable 1.984 means that tcount ttable with a significance of 0.028 0.05. The results of the T-test of the paylater payment system partially have a positive and significant effect on student consumptive behavior, the results of tcount 3.116 and ttable 1.984 mean that tcount ttable with a significance of 0.02 0.05. While the F test obtained Fcount of 8,135 and Ftable of 3.09 meaning that Fcount Ftable with a significance of 0.00 0.05 so the variables of financial literacy and the paylater payment system simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the consumptive behavior of students in Ciamis Regency
Analysis of Work Readiness of Apron Movement Control (AMC) Officers in Handling Return to Apron at Adi Soemarmo Airport Surakarta
Authors: Due Vinsensia Amita Inviola Meo , Yudianto Kifni
Published: May 2023

This study discusses the work readiness of Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers in handling return to apron at Adi Soemarmo Airport Surakarta. This is because in the case of return to apron often occurs suddenly or unexpectedly and in a short time, AMC officers must make decisions quickly and precisely. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to determine the work readiness of Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers in handling return to apron, obstacles faced in handling return to apron at Adi Soemarmo Airport Surakarta. This research was conducted from October 1, 2022 to November 30, 2022. The type of research used is a qualitative research method. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data are obtained through interviews, observations. Secondary data are obtained from reports, literature studies and images / photos that support research. The results showed that Apron Movement Control (AMC) officers were ready to handle the return to apron at Adi Soemarmo Airport Surakarta. This is observed from four aspects of job readiness, namely skills, knowledge, understanding, and personal attributes. To prepare AMC officers who are ready for their duties, it is necessary to carry out formal education and informal education. Formal education is obtained through the last education of AMC officers, socialization and other work experience. Informal education is obtained through debriefing provided by AMC colleagues and seniors as well as work experience in the field carried out every day. However, from the results of this study, obstacles are still found to be the late initial report by technicians from airlines that experience return to apron (RTA) and the lack of AMC personnel can have an impact on the performance and productivity of officers will decrease
Application of Santri Religious Character Education in Islamic Boarding Schools (Case Study at An Nur Centre Islamic Boarding School, North Ende District, Ende Regency)
Authors: Umar Ishak , Maksum Muh Nur Rochim
Published: May 2023

Teachers are one of the components in education, including in Islamic religious education which greatly determines the success or failure of the objectives of Islamic religious education. In the teaching and learning process, the teacher not only acts as a conveyer of knowledge, but also is responsible for the development of the personality of students. The teacher must create the learning process in such a way, so that it can stimulate learners to learn effectively and dynamically in meeting and achieving the expected goals. Islamic education is currently faced with a very big challenge because it is not over with the rolling of the industrial era 4.0, We are surprised by the emergence of the era of society 5.0 which must be faced and become a challenge in the world of Islamic education. With the progress achieved in the field of science and technology, it will further trigger changes that occur in various fields of human life which at the same time have an impact on shifting cultural and religious values in human life. These are the challenges that must be anticipated as early as possible so that the existing challenges do not become a threat but become a promising opportunity. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the challenges of Islamic religious education teachers in facing the era of society 5.0. This research uses library research. In the data collection technique, researchers will explore data in accordance with the discussion of the challenges of Islamic religious education teachers in facing the era of society 5.0. Research results: Islamic religious education teachers must have 3 (three) abilities including the following: Ability to solve a problem, The ability to be able to think critically, and the ability to be creative in facing the challenges posed by the emergence of the era of society 5.0.
Educator and Student Interaction in Creating Positive Relationships in the Classroom
Authors: Yusuf Ode Yahyu Herliany , Nurani Nurani , Sandy Nurwia , Sarpan Lisnawati , Emiyati Emiyati , Selfia Ayu
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the interaction of educators and students in creating positive relationships in the classroom. Where educators must have the ability to build positive interaction relationships with children. So as to create a comfortable and safe atmosphere for children. This research uses a type of qualitative research in the form of a literature study (Library Research) Literature studies are related to theoretical studies based on data in the form of notes, books, papers or articles, journals and other scientific literature references. The results showed that an educator must be able to create a sense of security and comfort for children, especially for children from chaotic families. Because a positive relationship with teachers and children can foster confidence in children towards teachers.
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD): Etiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention and Control
Authors: Sukoco Hendro , Fahrodi Deka Uli , Said Nur Saidah , Marsudi Marsudi , Irfan Muhammad , Salmin Salmin , Wahyuni Sri , Hardyanti Khadijah
Published: May 2023

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of the diseases that pose a threat to the livestock industry because it can cause large economic losses. The disease was first discovered in the country of Zambia in 1929. In Indonesia, LSD was first discovered in early 2022 in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau. This disease is caused by a virus belonging to the genus Capripoxvirus, subfamily chordopoxvirinae, family Poxviridae. The LSD virus has a limited host and does not infect non-ruminant hosts. A characteristic clinical symptom of LSD is the appearance of nodules on the skin. Diagnosis of this disease can be done by looking at typical clinical symptoms, laboratory tests such as virus isolation, serological tests (serum neutralization test, virus neutralization test (VNT), agar gel immune diffusion, indirect ELISA, and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT)), real time and conventional PCR, immunohistochemistry, LAMP, and IPMA. Prevention and control of LSD disease can be done in several ways such as vaccination, vector control, restriction of livestock traffic, strict quarantine and stamping out.
Analysis of the Value of Character Education in Arleen Alexandra's Fairy Tale I am a Great Leader and Its Relevance as a Learning Support Book for Elementary School Students
Authors: Chusna Arina Safaatul , Purwanto Joko , Pangestika Rintis Rizkia
Published: May 2023

This study aims to (1) analyze the intrinsic elements in Arleen Alexandra's fairy tale I am a great leader, (2) the value of character education in Arleen Alexandra's fairy tale I am a great leader, (3) the relevance of Arleen Alexandra's fairy tale I am a great leader as a learning support for elementary school students. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research. The object used in this study was the fairy tale book I am the Great Leader by Arleen Alexandra. This research focused on the educational value of character education contained in Arleen Alexandra's fairy tale I am a great leader and its relevance as a supporting book for elementary school students' learning. The data source is a collection of fairy tales, fairy tale quotes. The research instruments used in this study are data recording cards containing narratives and conversations used in this study are Data logging cards that contain narrations and conversations that are fairy tale quotes. Data collection in this study was carried out using library techniques, reading techniques, and recording techniques. In data analysis techniques, content analysis (contect analysis) is used. The results of the analysis in this study can be concluded that (1) the intrinsic elements of the fairy tale I am the great leader of Arleen Alexandra's jarya consist of: (a) themes, (b) characters and characterizations, (c) plot, (d) setting, (e) point of view, (f) message. (2) the value of character education in Arleen Alexandra's fairy tale I am a great leader, namely: honest, tolerance, hard work, creative, independent, curiosity, respect for achievement, friendly or communicative, peace-loving, social care, responsibility. (3) The fairy tale book I am a great leader by Arleen Alexandra is relevant to be used as a learning support book for elementary school students, namely: sentence length and vocabulary in accordance with the reasoning power and reading ability of students, themed friendship, health and other themes that are relevant to the age and daily experience of students, in accordance with the interests and hobbies of students,  In accordance with morals and religion that is conveyed without patronizing, the structure of written language (spelling, grammar, cohence) is correct, which is presented variously (through rhyming words, poetry and dialogue) that is easy to understand, the information in the book does not harass any particular group of people.
An Unusual Presentation of Acute Pancreatitis: Case Report Study
Authors: Ziyada Aza , Hassan Reem , Elmahdi Mansour
Published: May 2023

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammation of the pancreas and is one of the most common gastrointestinal causes of hospital admission in Qatar. Patients with AP usually experience severe epigastric pain, accompanied by nausea or vomiting. Acute pancreatitis is typically characterised by increased levels of pancreatic enzymes, but it is rarely accompanied by electrocardiogram (ECG) changes. In this study, we report a case of a patient with mild epigastric pain. According to his medical history, the patient is at high risk for cardiovascular diseases and was found to have ECG changes. As a result, the patient was sent to the emergency department to rule out acute coronary syndrome. Later, the patient was found to have AP with biliary colic and was admitted to the hospital for treatment and discharged for elective cholecystectomy. We present this case to highlight alternative diagnoses that should be considered in such clinical scenarios. Key words: acute pancreatitis, case report
Death of a child in family medicine clinic – a case report
Authors: Chaudhry Bilal Hasan , Ahmad Imran
Published: May 2023

This case study discusses the emotional impact of the death of a 12-month-old child who was brought in by parents to a routine vaccination clinic. It was an expected death however parents did not disclose that to the staff and the child passed away soon after arriving at the health centre. This was a shock to everyone involved and who witnessed the event and it left everyone distressed. Key words: death, child, family medicine clinic
An assessment of parents’ knowledge, awareness and practice regarding paracetamol use in children
Authors: Murad Manal Abdulaziz , Yasawy Murad A. , Hantoush Doha , Marghalani Renad , Khamis Zinab Ali , Bantan Amirah K. , khayat Manahel saud , EL-Qaisi Safia Majdi
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Paracetamol is an effective antipyretic and analgesic medication also known as acetaminophen and it is over-the-counter medication although it is widely prescribed to treat mild to moderate pain and fever but at same time it could have minor side effects like lowering blood pressure or increasing heart rate or allergic reaction (rash and swelling). Previous studies confirmed that there is a lack of information among the general population about how to take paracetamol and deal with the dosage which includes what is the maximum dose and how many times to take it daily (frequency). Most previous studies were done out of Saudi Arabia and to the best of our knowledge there are a lack of studies on the topic in Saudi Arabia. For that reason, our aim in this study was to assess parents’ knowledge, awareness and practice regarding paracetamol use in children and to evaluate whether doctors and pharmacists in hospitals or pharmacies educate the parents about this medication or not. Methodology: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study was done via a validated questionnaire on the general population in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. This study was conducted in July-August 2021. The questionnaire has been used in previous studies and it is validated. The questionnaire is divided into four parts that comprises 32 questions; the first about socio-demographic data, the second part to assess parents’ awareness, the third part to assess parents’ knowledge and the fourth part assessing parents’ practises. Results: The study consisted of 502 participants, 52.4% females and 47.6% males. More than half of the participants (58.8%) do not use paracetamol without doctors’ consultation. Regarding Knowledge score among participants, the mean score was 2.089, out of 6. There is a significant relationship between Knowledge and Mother’s educational level (P= 0.016). On the other hand 48.6% used syrup as their most commonly used form of treatment. Conclusion: This study emphasises the need for increasing caregivers’ education on paracetamol use and its side effects. Overall the knowledge score was unsatisfactory. The study found a significant association between parents who had a university degree and their higher knowledge scores. Although most of the participants would consult their doctors before administering paracetamol, it showed no positive impact on their knowledge and practises towards antipyretics dose and side effects, which indicates a need for campaigns or educational programs on fever management. Keywords: Paracetamol, Acetaminophen, Parents, Children.
Um Enfoque Multiformalismos para Especificação de Sistemas de Segurança Crítica
Authors: Santos Simone C. dos , Silva Fabio Q. B. da
Published: May 2023

Chamamos de sistemas de segurança crítica, aqueles sistemas cuja falha pode causar danos ao ambiente ou perigo de vida aos seres humanos ou ambos. Tais sistemas requerem um alto grau de confiabilidade em seu desenvolvimento, antes de serem colocados em uso. Este artigo descreve a utilização de métodos formais para aumentar a confiabilidade no desenvolvimento de sistemas de segurança crítica. O enfoque é inovador no sentido em que propõe a utilização de formalismos distintos para descrever aspectos diferentes do sistema e produz a integração das várias especificações através de provas de consistência. Os resultados descritos aqui fazem parte do trabalho desenvolvido em [4].
Uma Arquitetura para Interfaces Inteligentes e Amigáveis
Authors: Wanderley Neto Otaviano C. , Fonseca Décio
Published: May 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma Arquitetura para Interfaces Inteligentes e Amigáveis. Amigável pois tem como uma de suas características o poder de adaptação ao perfil do usuário, ajustando-se a sua realidade, e Inteligente por aprender com o usuário através do uso, interagindo com o mesmo de modo a tornar a interação mais fácil e eficiente. É apresentada aqui a estrutura da interface, assim como algoritmos utilizados para tornar a interação mais produtiva e fácil.
Modelo de Objetos para Construção de Interfaces Visuais Dinâmicas
Authors: Oliveira Juliano Lopes de , Cunha Cleida Queiroz , Magalhães Geovane Cayres
Published: May 2023

Apesar de todos os avanços na área de interface usuário-computador, a camada de diálogo com o usuário é ainda hoje responsável por uma parte considerável dos custos de projeto, desenvolvimento, teste e manutenção de sistemas de informação. Neste trabalho apresentamos um mecanismo que permite a reutilização de esforços na elaboração de sistemas, em termos de projeto e de implementação, visando a redução dos custos associados à camada de interface com o usuário. Nossa abordagem utiliza um modelo de interface orientado a objetos para descrever uma biblioteca de elementos que facilita a construção de interfaces. Uma das principais vantagens dessa abordagem é que ela torna viável a reutilização na construção de interfaces dinâmicas, isto é, interfaces cujos componentes são determinados em tempo de execução do sistema.
Integrando injeção de falhas e testes formais na validação da tolerância a falhas
Authors: Martins Eliane
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a test approach which integrates fault injection and formal testing. Fault injection is an experimental technique in which a system is validated in presence of special inputs: the faults. The term formal testing is used here to designate a functional test based on a formal specification of the system. This allow the selection of test inputs, i.e., faults and activations (inputs that activate system funcionalitics), to be based on this formal specification. The approach is centered on the realization of statistical testing. One important aspect of this type of test concems test size assessment: how many inputs are necessary to achieve validation objectives ? This is the main focus of the study presented here.
Concurrency and Synchronisation in Actel
Authors: Abdelouahab Zair , Dew Peter M.
Published: May 2023

This paper introduces concurrency mechanisms of a new concurrent object based language called Actel. In particular, it focuses on the issues of how to explore parallel computation with object oriented techniques, how to achieve a good run time efficiency, and how to avoid the burden of explicit synchronisation. Actel offers a variety of inter and intra-object mechanisms to exploit concurrency at several levels of an object. A new mode of message passing called 'semi-reference' is devised to achieve an efficient inter-object communication and to efficiently support inter-object parallelism (coarse grain). The semi-reference allows transmission of references within messages to achieve an eficient delegation whilst preventing inconsistencies. Parallel function are allowed to execute inside an object to achieve medium grain of parallelism without recourse to implicit synchronisation. Finer grain of parallelism can be obtained by activating parallel compound statements inside parallel functions. Multiple future variables (simple or overloaded) are provided to remove the burden of explicit synchronisation, to be the place holder of results from the parallel functions and compound statements and to maximise parallelism.
Aspectos não Tecnológicos Envolvidos no Desenvolvimento de Software: Um Estudo de Casos
Authors: Belchior Arnaldo Dias , Gaio Fátima Janine
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho é resultado de um estudo de casos realizado, em algumas empresas brasileiras que, em geral, desenvolvem produtos de software, para gerir seus negócios. Observou-se que se está processando algumas mudanças na composição das equipes de desenvolvimento desses produtos. A nivel da condução do projeto de software surgiram, entre outras alternativas, as equipes mistas, onde O usuário participa, efetivamente, em todo o ciclo de vida do produto, tornando-se co-responsável e co-autor do próprio sistema, juntamente com os especialistas em computação. A nivel das estratégias empresariais, surgiram os analistas de negócios que, conhecendo bem os empreendimentos da empresa, e tendo uma boa formação em informática, atua diretamente no desenvolvimento do novo produto de software.
Engenharia Reversa Orientada a Objetos do Ambiente StatSim: método utilizado e resultados obtidos
Authors: Penteado Rosângela A. D. , Germano Fernão S. R. , Masiero Paulo C.
Published: May 2023

Um método para engenharia reversa de sistemas implementados sem usar tecnologia de orientação a objetos é apresentado, visando à criação de um modelo de análise orientado a objetos. O modelo de análise desenvolvido está bascado no Método Fusion, para análise e projeto orientados a objetos. O método foi aplicado para a engenharia reversa do ambiente StatSim e partes do modelo produzido são apresentadas. Faz-se uma avaliação do método proposto e discutem-se alguns resultados obtidos que são de interesse geral.
The Development of Multimedia Hypermedia Applications as Evolutionary, Prototyping-Based Requirements Engineering
Authors: Sequerra-Breitman Karin , Berry Daniel M.
Published: May 2023

It is hypothesized (1) that the problem in building multimedia hypermedia applications is that of understanding what is needed, i.e., of understanding the requirements and (2) that the development of multimedia hypermedia is essentially the engineering of requirements for one particular class of highly dynamic software-based computing systems. Moreover, because of the stability of the libraries for multimedia and hypermedia systems, the development of a prototype for validation of multimedia hypermedia requirements yields a system which is essentially of production quality. The hypothesis is supported by comparing properties of multimedia hypermedia and software systems and development in general and comparing the Hiper Autor method for multimedia hypermedia development with the spiral model for software development. Rigorous testing of the hypothesis is left for future work.
Introdução ao Ambiente Visual Spider
Authors: Moura Leonardo Mendonça de , Lucena Carlos José Pereira de
Published: May 2023

Composição visual é o desenvolvimento interativo de aplicações através da manipulação direta de componentes reutilizáveis. Acreditamos que composição visual lida diretamente com a complexidade de grandes sistemas de software, fazendo o desenvolvimento mais fácil, flexível, e claro. Isto é alcançado pela implementação de abstrações reutilizáveis e conceitos de visualização. O projetista torna-se um criador de componentes e não um criador de grandes aplicações que são dificeis de manter e evoluir. As aplicações são construídas pela composição destes componentes.
On the Design of Bouncer: A Robust and Flexible License Management Service for Avoiding Illegal Use of Software
Authors: Brasileiro Francisco Vilar , Bezerra Tárcio Rodrigues , Cirne Filho Walfredo Costa , Moura J. Antão Beltrão
Published: May 2023

The phases of getting a software ready and introducing it into a target-market are seldom emphasised on traditional software engineering process models. Nevertheless, these phases are of the utmost importance in the production process of many commercial applications. Within a mumber of activities carried out on these phases, protection of intellectual property is a key issue that must be tackled. In this paper we present the design of a license management service that can be used to avoid illegal utilisation of applications, specially those executed over a network. The unique architectural model of our license management tool confers on it important characteristics such as robustness and flexibility, not present on other solutions currently available. We compare our approach with others and show that ours is more suitable for a wider range of applications.
Definindo Requisitos Não Funcionais
Authors: Cysneiros Luiz Marcio , Leite Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado
Published: May 2023

Requisitos não funcionais expressam qualidades de cunho geral, bem como, restrições específicas de um determinado problema. Esse tipo de requisito sempre existiu mas não vinha sendo tratado de forma sistematizada quando se pensava na definição de um software. Esse trabalho aborda diretamente o aspecto de requisitos não funcionais durante as fases iniciais do desenvolvimento de software e propõe uma representação que integra requisitos não funcionais com uma representação de modelagem de dados. Nossa estratégia foi validada com um estudo de caso real. Acreditamos que esse trabalho preenche uma importante lacuna no tratamento de requisitos que antes tinham um viés apenas de ordem funcional.
Ambiente "CASE" com Múltiplas Visões de Requisitos e Implementação Automática utilizando o Sistema Transformacional Draco
Authors: Lima Maria Adriana Vidigal de , Barrére Tathiana da Silva , Prado Antônio Francisco do , Couto André Alves C. R. do
Published: May 2023

Este artigo apresenta um ambiente CASE orientado a objetos, que suporta múltiplas visões de requisitos em diferentes técnicas de métodos orientados a objetos, visando facilitar a análise e a modelagem de um sistema, utilizando uma Representação Canônica para requisitos. O ambiente integra uma ferramenta com editor gráfico e textual, que suporta múltiplas visões de requisitos, e um sistema transformacional de software, que permite a geração automática de código em C++, a partir de especificações em alto nível de abstração.
Uma Abordagem 3D para a Visualização de Padrões de Projeto
Authors: Campo Marcelo , Price Roberto Tom , Teyseyre Alfredo
Published: May 2023

Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma abordagem para a visualização da informação de padrões de projeto existentes em um framework utilizando uma representação visual tridimensional. Sob esta abordagem, uma classe é visualizada como um volume composto pelos três eixos do espaço tridimensional. Cada eixo representa uma das três categorias nas quais os padrões são classificados. Cada padrão existente numa classe é representado por um poliedro de forma característica e a cor do poliedro relaciona as diferentes classes associadas pelo padrão. Através desta representação é possível visualizar de forma integrada a informação de classes, seus relacionamentos e a informação relativa aos padrões que definem a estrutura do framework, sem a necessidade de múltiplas visualizações bidimensionais. Esta abordagem foi implementada como uma extensão da ferramenta MetaExplorer, utilizando-se de uma extensão 3D do sub-framework de visualização do framework Luthier, desenvolvido pára a construção de ferramentas de visualização de software.
Uma Abordagem Reflexiva para a Construção de Frameworks para Interfaces Homem-Computador
Authors: Coelho Marília G. , Rubira Cecília M. F. , Buzato Luiz E.
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho propõe o uso de reflexão computacional para à construção de frameworks orientados a objetos para interfaces homem-computador. À principal limitação desses frameworks é sua complexidade de projeto, que dificulta o programador da aplicação entender os mecanismos implementados no framework. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar como reflexão computacional pode ser utilizada para implementar a independência de diálogo em frameworks para interfaces homem-computador no meta-nível, a fim de reduzir a complexidade dos mesmos. Os serviços de visualização da interface gráfica podem ser fornecidos de forma não intrusiva e transparente através de reflexão computacional para o programador da aplicação. Este trabalho descreve inicialmente uma aplicação desenvolvida a partir do ET++, um framework para aplicações gráficas. Em seguida, essa mesma aplicação é descrita utilizando uma abordagem reflexiva. Uma comparação entre essas duas soluções mostra os benefícios da abordagem reflexiva.
MakeD - Make Distribuído
Authors: Oliveira Aredis S. de , Drummond Rogério
Published: May 2023

Este artigo descreve a transformação da aplicação make centralizada numa ferramenta distribuída que usa os recursos disponíveis na rede local. O Make Distribuído (MakeD) foi implementado com o objetivo de tomar o processo de make mais eficiente, e analisar aspectos do desenvolvimento de aplicações distribuídas a partir de aplicações centralizadas e de grande porte. A implementação da aplicação cliente/servidor MakeD combina o mecanismo de RPC com recursos de multithreading para explorar a distribuição de tarefas na rede e a multitarefa em cada sistema. Os resultados obtidos demonstram um ganho no desempenho, que atinge 65% em relação ao make original. Se combinar a distribuição e a concorrência nas estações, o ganho relativo chega a 80%.
Introdução da Reutilização em uma Empresa Brasileira de Produção de Software
Authors: Sá Mônica Lyra Barreto de , Werner Cláudia Maria Lima , Goldman Ilan
Published: May 2023

Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso de introdução da reutilização de software numa empresa brasileira de produção de software. Inicialmente, são fornecidos detalhes sobre a empresa envolvida, sua prática de desenvolvimento de software e a estratégia estabelecida para a introdução da reutilização. Em seguida, os resultados alcançados são apresentados, incluindo uma avaliação da prática de reutilização ao final do estudo. É feita, ainda, uma análise das caracteristicas encontradas neste estudo de caso em relação a outros programas de reutilização descritos na literatura.
BRight: A Distributed System for Web lnformation lndexing and Searching
Authors: Gonçalves Pedro Falcão , Meira Silvio Lemos , Salgado Ana Carolina
Published: May 2023

The extraordinary size and the exponential growth of the World-Wide Web demand new approaches to the problems of information indexing and searching in its structure. In this paper, we discuss the limitations of the centralized approach in use today, comment recent work on distributed architectures for Networked Information Retrieval, and present BRight!, distributed system to index and search information in the World-Wide Web. We then focus on BRight! to discuss its architecture and underlying concept of Web Views, compare it with other systems, and show how it scales to Web growth. The current version of a prototype is presented, and future work is outlined.
Um Modelo Fuzzy para Avaliação da Qualidade de Software
Authors: Belchior Arnaldo Dias , Xexéo Geraldo Bonorino , Rocha Ana Regina Cavalcanti da
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho desenvolve um modelo fuzzy para à avaliação da qualidade de software, a partir da extensão de um modelo para avaliação da qualidade, anteriormente proposto, e utiliza, para isto, conceitos e propriedades da teoria dos conjuntos fuzzy. O modelo proposto possui cinco etapas, para a execução de seus objetivos, podendo envolver três situações distintas. A primeira, objetiva obter um padrão de qualidade para o produto de software, ou para o domínio de aplicação considerado. A segunda, avalia a qualidade de um produto de software, apoiando-se em um padrão de qualidade já definido, anteriormente, para esse produto ou seu domínio de aplicação. A terceira, estima a qualidade de um produto de software, quando não há um padrão de qualidade disponível. Uma experiência com a avaliação da qualidade de especificações de software foi realizada através deste modelo fuzzy com o objetivo de validá-lo e exemplificar seu uso. Os resultados experimentais obtidos corroboraram com os resultados previstos axiomaticamente.
Cobertura dos Critérios Potenciais-Usos e a Confiabilidade do Software
Authors: Crespo Adalberto Nobiato , Pasquini Alberto , Jino Mário , Maldonado José
Published: May 2023

O objetivo principal deste artigo é apresentar os resultados de um experimento realizado para se investigar a relação entre a cobertura do código e a confiabilidade do software. Outras relações também foram investigadas: cobertura do código e dados de teste, cobertura do código e defeitos removidos, confiabilidade do software e defeitos removidos e finalmente confiabilidade do software e dados de teste. O experimento foi realizado para se investigar essas relações, aplicando-se a familia de critérios de teste estruturais Potenciais-Usos. Os dados de teste foram gerados aleatoriamente, condicionados ao perfil operacional do usuário. A cobertura dos elementos requeridos dos critérios foi calculada utilizando-se a ferramenta de teste POKETOOL e a confiabilidade do software foi estimada utilizando-se um algoritmo específico. Estes resultados mostram-nos que pode valer a pena investigar o uso de informação sobre cobertura de elementos requeridos nos modelos de crescimento de confiabilidade de software.
Aplicação do Critério Análise de Mutantes na Validação de Especificações Baseadas em Statecharts
Authors: Fabbri Sandra C. P. F. , Maldonado José Carlos , Masiero Paulo Cesar
Published: May 2023

A qualidade da atividade de VV&T — Verificação, Validação e Teste — de especificações é fundamental no processo de desenvolvimento de software. Técnicas e critérios de teste têm sido investigados no contexto de VV&T de especificações do aspecto comportamental de Sistemas Reativos fornecendo mecanismos para a avaliação da qualidade dessa atividade. Este artigo apresenta a aplicação do critério de teste Análise de Mutantes, um critério desenvolvido originalmente para o teste de programas, para a atividade de teste de especificações que utilizam a técnica Statecharts. A aplicação desse critério é baseada em um conjunto de operadores de mutação. Assim, apresentam-se os operadores de mutação definidos para Statecharts, que estão divididos em três classes, bem como estratégias de abstração de componentes de Statecharts que permitem conduzir a atividade de validação de forma incremental, explorando aspectos particulares dessa técnica, como hierarquia, ortogonalidade e história.