bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ag-TiO2 Nanocomposites: Visible Or Solar Light Driven Plasmonic Photocatalysis?
Authors: Bach-Toledo Larissa , Peralta-Zamora Patricio G. , Prola Liziê Daniela Tentler
Published: October 2021

Background:

The demand for photocatalytic processes assisted by solar radiation has stimulated
the upgrading of established systems, as the semiconductor modification with noble metals.

Objective:

the synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic activity evaluation of the Ag-TiO2,
against sulfamethoxazole molecule, and investigate the significance of the plasmonic phenomenon in
Visible (450 - 1000nm) and UV-Vis (315-800 nm) radiation.

Methods:

Different nanocomposites Ag/TiO2 ratios were synthesized by the deposition of Ag nanoparticles
on the TiO2 surface by in-situ photoreduction, and then calcinated at 400°C for 2 hr. The
chemical-physical properties of the materials were examined by UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance (UV-Vis
DR) Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), X-Ray
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The experiments were conducted in a cooled photochemical
reactor irradiated by halogen lamp (250W). The degradation of Sulfamethoxazole was monitored by
HPLC-DAD.

Results:

Although the prepared photocatalysts show an intense plasmonic band centered at 500 nm,
no photocatalytic activity was observed in the process assisted by artificial visible radiation (λ ≥ 450
nm). In processes assisted by artificial UV-Vis radiation, the photolysis rate of the model compound
(sulfamethoxazole) was higher than the photocatalytic rate, and in the absence of UV radiation, all the
reactions were inhibited. The positive effect of the presence of silver nanoparticles onto the TiO2 surface
was only evidenced in studies involving solar radiation.

Conclusion:

The results suggest the need for a balance between UV and Vis radiation to activate the
nanocomposite and perform the sulfamethoxazole degradation.
South African Renal Registry Annual Report 2018
Authors: Davids M. Razeen , Jardine Thabiet , Marais Nicola , Jacobs Julian C. , Sebastian Sajith
Published: October 2021

The seventh annual report of the South African Renal Registry summarises the 2018 data on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) for patients with kidney failure in South Africa. In December 2018, the number of patients who were being treated with chronic dialysis or transplantation stood at 10 730, a prevalence of 186 per million population (pmp). Most patients are treated with haemodialysis in the private healthcare sector, where the prevalence was 839 pmp. In the public sector, which serves 85% of the South African population, the prevalence of KRT (67 pmp) remained below the level reported for 1994. Limpopo and Mpumalanga remain the most under-served provinces and Blacks the most under-served population group. The Western Cape province had the highest public sector treatment rates by a large margin and was also where most of the country’s public sector kidney transplants were performed.
Nutrition, anaemia and erythropoietin therapy
Authors: Macdougall Iain C.
Published: October 2021

During the last decade, recombinant human erythropoietin has revolutionised the management of renal anaemia. It is highly effective in the vast majority of patients treated, causing enhanced erythropoiesis and a rise in haemoglobin concentration. This has resulted not only in amelioration of uraernic symptoms, but there has also been objective evidence of improved quality-of-life, exercise capacity, and cardiac function [I]. The most striking benefits seen have been progression of left ventricular hypertrophy which is known to account for much of the high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality seen in dialysis patients. and thus the arguments for correcting renal anaemia is now overwhelming. There is also an improvement in nutrition following erythropoietin therapy, over and above the improvement in appetite associated with correction of the anaemia.
How Small States Work Together for Regional Security in Complex Security Threat Environments
Authors: Waterman Kerry
Published: October 2021

On November 23, 2020, Major Kerry Waterman of the Regional Security System (RSS) presented at the 2020 CASIS West Coast Security Conference on the topic of, How Small States Work Together for Regional Security in Complex Security Threat Environments. The presentation was followed by a group panel for questions & answers.
Emotional Freedom Techniques for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Single Case Study
Authors:   Finding Me with EFT, Labrador, Queensland, Australia, Fuller Sue Anne , Stapleton Peta ,   School of Psychology, Bond University, Queensland 4229, Australia
Published: October 2021

A 37-year-old female with a history of complex trauma, anxiety and depression was treated with Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) supplemented with guided imagery within the first 24 hours of having a stroke that affected the right side. CT scans indicated a haemorrhage and brain clot. Surgery was delayed as another seizure was expected. Interventions occurred during COVID-19 restrictions. The patient then engaged in 90 minutes of EFT every day over the course of a week while in hospital. After seven days she was discharged, and there were significant reductions in depression, anxiety and pain, and mobility returned. Upon discharge the patient had evident improvement in balance and coordination and successfully completed a driving test within the weeks that followed. Subsequent CT scans reveal very little scaring or evidence of the stroke, blood pressure remained stable, and no medication was warranted. This case study presents the practitioner’s perspective of the sessions provided.
Self-Care Options for Resilient Educators (SCORE) Teaches Aspiring Teachers How to Manage Stress in Light of COVID-Related Disruptions
Authors:   Central Michigan University, College of Education and Human Services, 1111 Ojibway Ct., Ste 352, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, Ansley Brandis M. , Wander Meagan A. ,   Lake Orion Community Schools, Special Education, 315 N Lapeer St, Lake Orion, MI 48362
Published: October 2021

Self-Care Options for Resilient Educators (SCORE) is an 8-week, asynchronous virtual training program that teaches stress management skills relevant to educators’ job-related responsibilities and interpersonal interactions. From January-April 2020, 28 pre-service teachers participated in a quasi-experimental study of SCORE’s feasibility and preliminary efficacy. Volunteers chose to either complete SCORE concurrent with their teaching internship or to complete the same assessments for comparison purposes. Recruitment and implementation took place prior to COVID-19 disruptions. Then, six weeks into SCORE, the participants encountered unanticipated school closures and uncertainties associated with their internships (e.g., Would they be able to complete their internships and degree programs? Would they be eligible to teach the next school year?). Despite disruptions to their teaching internships, the remote format of SCORE allowed the study to continue and for participants to complete the full training. Pre-intervention to post-intervention changes in outcomes for the intervention group reflected large effect sizes for decreases in burnout and increases in teacher efficacy. There were medium effects for increased self-compassion and small-to-medium effects for increased cognitive reappraisal. However, pre-to-post intervention differences for the comparison group were relatively unchanged on most indicators. Results for secondary traumatic stress was remarkable, as the comparison group demonstrated a medium-to-large effect for an increase at post-intervention. This measure, however, revealed no effect in change for program participants. This finding is noteworthy and suggests that participation in SCORE or a similar program may help mitigate the potentially harmful effects of exposure to secondary trauma. Overall, this study’s results support arguments for including stress management training during pre-service teaching internships.
Patient-Reported Benefits and Limitations of Mobile Health Technologies for Diabetes in Pregnancy: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Sushko Katelyn , Wang Qi Rui , Tschirhart Menezes Holly , Fitzpatrick-Lewis Donna , Sherifali Diana
Published: October 2021

Background

For women with pre-existing and gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy involves specialized and intensive medical care to improve maternal and infant outcomes. Medical management for patients with diabetes in pregnancy typically occurs via frequent face-to-face outpatient appointments. Barriers to face-to-face care during the COVID-19 pandemic have signaled the need for high-quality, patient-centered virtual health care modalities, such as mobile health (mHealth).

Objective

The objective of the proposed scoping review is to identify the patient-reported benefits and limitations of mHealth technology among women with diabetes in pregnancy. We also aim to determine how the women’s experiences align with the best practice standards for patient-centered communication.

Methods

Arksey and O’Malley’s framework for conducting scoping reviews with refinements by Levac et al will be used to guide the conduct of this scoping review. Relevant studies will be identified through comprehensive database searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, and PsycINFO. Following database searches, studies will be screened for eligibility at the title, abstract, and full-text level by two independent reviewers, with the inclusion of a third reviewer if required to reach consensus. Data charting of included studies will be conducted by one reviewer using a standardized data extraction form and verified independently by a second reviewer. Synthesis of results will be guided by Thomas and Harden’s “Methods for the Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Research in Systematic Reviews.”

Results

As of August 2020, we have carried out the qualitative searches in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, and PsycINFO (Ovid interface) for a combined total of 8207 articles. Next, we plan to conduct the quantitative searches in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, and Emcare (Ovid interface). We also plan to review the reference lists of relevant studies to identify additional eligible studies.

Conclusions

With the results of this review, we hope to describe the patient-reported benefits and limitations of mHealth technology for women with diabetes in pregnancy. Furthermore, we aim to determine how women’s experiences align with the best practice standards for patient-centered communication. Ultimately, our review can provide valuable information for guideline developers, policy makers, and clinicians related to mobile technologies to support virtual care delivery for women with diabetes in pregnancy.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/29727
An Exploration of e-Cigarette–Related Search Items on YouTube: Network Analysis
Authors: Dashtian Hassan , Murthy Dhiraj , Kong Grace
Published: October 2021

Background

e-Cigarette use among youth is high, which may be due in part to pro–e-cigarette content on social media such as YouTube. YouTube is also a valuable resource for learning about e-cigarette use, trends, marketing, and e-cigarette user perceptions. However, there is a lack of understanding on how similar e-cigarette–related search items result in similar or relatively mutually exclusive search results. This study uses novel methods to evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette–related search items and results.

Objective

The aim of this study is to apply network modeling and rule-based classification to characterize the relationships between e-cigarette–related search items on YouTube and gauge the level of importance of each search item as part of an e-cigarette information network on YouTube.

Methods

We used 16 fictitious YouTube profiles to retrieve 4201 distinct videos from 18 keywords related to e-cigarettes. We used network modeling to represent the relationships between the search items. Moreover, we developed a rule-based classification approach to classify videos. We used betweenness centrality (BC) and correlations between nodes (ie, search items) to help us gain knowledge of the underlying structure of the information network.

Results

By modeling search items and videos as a network, we observed that broad search items such as e-cig had the most connections to other search items, and specific search items such as cigalike had the least connections. Search items with similar words (eg, vape and vaping) and search items with similar meaning (eg, e-liquid and e-juice) yielded a high degree of connectedness. We also found that each node had 18 (SD 34.8) connections (common videos) on average. BC indicated that general search items such as electronic cigarette and vaping had high importance in the network (BC=0.00836). Our rule-based classification sorted videos into four categories: e-cigarette devices (34%-57%), cannabis vaping (16%-28%), e-liquid (14%-37%), and other (8%-22%).

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that search items on YouTube have unique relationships that vary in strength and importance. Our methods can not only be used to successfully identify the important, overlapping, and unique e-cigarette–related search items but also help determine which search items are more likely to act as a gateway to e-cigarette–related content.
Russian-Language Mobile Apps for Reducing Alcohol Use: Systematic Search and Evaluation
Authors: Bunova Anna , Wiemker Veronika , Gornyi Boris , Ferreira-Borges Carina , Neufeld Maria
Published: October 2021

Background

Personalized prevention tools such as mobile apps designed to reduce alcohol consumption are widespread in mobile app stores accessible in Russia. However, the quality and content of these mobile apps have not been systematically evaluated.

Objective

This study aimed to identify Russian-language mobile apps for reducing alcohol use and to evaluate their quality and potential to change alcohol-related health behavior. It further aimed to identify apps that could facilitate screening and brief interventions in primary health care in Russia.

Methods

A systematic search for mobile apps available in Russia was carried out between April 1 and 15, 2020, December 1 and 15, 2020, and in March 2021 in the iPhone App Store, Google Play Store, and the 4PDA forum. App quality was assessed using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), and structured searches in electronic libraries and bibliographic databases were used to evaluate the apps’ evidence base. The number of features facilitating changes in lifestyle behavior was assessed using the App Behavior Change Scale (ABACUS).

Results

We identified 63 mobile apps for reducing alcohol use. The mean MARS quality ratings were high for the subscales of functionality (3.92 out of 5, SD 0.58) and aesthetics (2.96, SD 0.76) and low for engagement (2.42, SD 0.76) and information (1.65, SD 0.60). Additional searches in electronic libraries and bibliographic databases (eLibrary, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar) yielded no studies involving the identified apps. ABACUS scores ranged from 1 to 15 out of 25, with a mean of 5 (SD 3.24). Two of the identified apps might be useful for screening and brief interventions in Russian primary health care after improvements in content and scientific testing.

Conclusions

Russian-language mobile apps for reducing alcohol use are accessible in the app stores. Many of them are aesthetically pleasing, functional, and easy to use. However, information about their scientific trialing or testing is lacking. Most apps contain a low number of features that facilitate changes in lifestyle behavior. Further research should examine the context of Russian-language mobile apps for reducing alcohol use. Our findings underline the need to develop evidence-based apps to mitigate alcohol consumption in Russia and elsewhere.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020167458; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=167458
Prescribing Smartphone Apps for Physical Activity Promotion in Primary Care: Modeling Study of Health Gain and Cost Savings
Authors: Grout Leah , Telfer Kendra , Wilson Nick , Cleghorn Christine , Mizdrak Anja
Published: October 2021

Background

Inadequate physical activity is a substantial cause of health loss worldwide, and this loss is attributable to diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and certain forms of cancer.

Objective

This study aims to assess the potential impact of the prescription of smartphone apps in primary care settings on physical activity levels, health gains (in quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]), and health system costs in New Zealand (NZ).

Methods

A proportional multistate lifetable model was used to estimate the change in physical activity levels and predict the resultant health gains in QALYs and health system costs over the remaining life span of the NZ population alive in 2011 at a 3% discount rate.

Results

The modeled intervention resulted in an estimated 430 QALYs gained (95% uncertainty interval 320-550), with net cost savings of 2011 NZ $2.2 million (2011 US $1.5 million) over the remaining life span of the 2011 NZ population. On a per capita basis, QALY gains were generally larger in women than in men and larger in Māori than in non-Māori. The health impact and cost-effectiveness of the intervention were highly sensitive to assumptions on intervention uptake and decay. For example, the scenario analysis with the largest benefits, which assumed a 5-year maintenance of additional physical activity levels, delivered 1750 QALYs and 2011 NZ $22.5 million (2011 US $15.1 million) in cost savings.

Conclusions

The prescription of smartphone apps for promoting physical activity in primary care settings is likely to generate modest health gains and cost savings at the population level in this high-income country. Such gains may increase with ongoing improvements in app design and increased health worker promotion of the apps to patients.
Program to modify body image disturbances in high school students / Programa para modificar alteraciones de la imagen corporal en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Escoto Ponce de León Maria del Consuelo , Camacho Ruiz Esteban Jaime , Rodríguez Hernández Gabriela , Mejía Castrejón Jessica
Published: October 2021

Abstract Eating disorders are associated with several health problems, so it is important to prevent its occurrence. This study evaluated the impact of a selective prevention program designed to modify body image disturbances. Sample included 15 women from 15 to 18 years old, recruited through advertisements placed in a public high school situated in north zone of Mexico City. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: cognitive-behavioral (n = 8) and wait list control group (n = 7) and completed three measures (Body Shape Questionnaire, Contour Drawing Rating Scale, and Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire) before and after the intervention, which included 7 sessions (two per week) for 2 hours each. The repeated measures ANOVA indicated a reduction in body dissatisfaction and avoidance of social activities. The results provide evidence for the use of cognitive behavioral prevention programs. Key words: Prevention, body dissatisfaction, adolescents, women. Resumen Los trastornos del comportamiento alimentario están asociados a diversos problemas de salud, por lo que resulta relevante prevenir su aparición. Este estudio evaluó el impacto de un programa de prevención selectiva diseñado para modificar las alteraciones de la imagen corporal. Participaron 15 mujeres de 15 a 18 años de edad reclutadas por medio de anuncios colocados en una escuela pública de nivel bachillerato ubicada en la zona norte de la Ciudad de México. Las participantes fueron asignadas aleatoriamente a una de dos condiciones: programa cognitivo-conductual (n = 8) y grupo control en lista de espera (n = 7) y completaron tres medidas (Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal, Escala de Siluetas Corporales y Cuestionario de Evitación de la Imagen Corporal), antes y después de la intervención, la cual comprendió 7 sesiones (dos por semana) de 2 horas cada una. El ANOVA de medidas repetidas indicó una reducción en la insatisfacción corporal y en la evitación de actividades sociales. Los resultados aportan evidencia a favor del uso de programas de prevención cognitivo conductuales. Palabras clave: Prevención, insatisfacción corporal, adolescentes, mujeres.
Risky behaviors and eating disorders symptomatology among undergraduate students from South of Jalisco, Mexico / Conductas de riesgo y sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en estudiantes universitarios del Sur de Jalisco, México
Authors: Franco Paredes Karina , Martínez Moreno Alma Gabriela , Díaz Reséndiz Felipe De Jesús , López-Espinoza Antonio , Aguilera Cervantes Virginia , Valdés Miramontes Elia
Published: October 2021

Abstract The purpose of this research was to estimate the occurrence of risky behaviors and eating disorders symptomatology among undergraduate students from South of Jalisco, Mexico. The sample comprised 143 women with a mean age of 19.90 (SD = 2.14) and 109 men with a mean age of 21.21 (SD= 3.53) who answered the Eating Attitudes Test, the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh and the Body Shape Questionnaire. The results showed that a higher percentage of women have been on a diet and consumed weight loss products compared with men, who reported to do exercise in order to burn calories. Also, higher percentage of women showed body dissatisfaction (14%) and eating disorders symptomatology (11.9%) in comparison with men (10% and 4.6%, respectively). Women with body dissatisfaction showed a higher number of risky behaviors compared with people without body dissatisfaction. The findings of this research revealed that an important number of undergraduate students from south of Jalisco showed risky behaviors and eating disorders symptomatology. Key words: Risky behavior, body dissatisfaction, eating disorders symptomatology, women, men.   Resumen El propósito de la presente investigación fue estimar la ocurrencia de conductas de riesgo y sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en estudiantes universitarios del Sur del Estado de Jalisco, México. La muestra incluyó 143 mujeres con una edad promedio de 19.90 años (DE = 2.14) y 109 varones con una edad promedio de 21.21 años (DE = 3.53), quienes contestaron el Cuestionario de Actitudes Alimentarias, el Cuestionario de Bulimia de Edimburgo y el Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal. Los resultados mostraron que mayores porcentajes de mujeres habían realizado dietas restrictivas y consumieron productos para adelgazar en comparación con los varones, quienes indicaron que realizaban ejercicio con la finalidad de quemar calorías en mayor medida que las mujeres. Asimismo, mayores porcentajes de mujeres presentaron insatisfacción corporal (14%) y sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario (11.9%) en comparación con los varones (10% y 4.6%, respectivamente). Las mujeres con insatisfacción corporal presentaron mayor número de conductas de riesgo que quienes estaban satisfechas con su cuerpo. Los hallazgos de esta investigación muestran que una cantidad importante de jóvenes universitarios del Sur de Jalisco presentaron conductas alimentarias de riesgo o sintomatología de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario. Palabras clave: Conducta de riesgo, insatisfacción corporal, sintomatología de trastorno del comportamiento alimentario, mujeres, varones.
Families of adolescents with eating disorders: How their members perceive the family functioning? / La familia de adolescentes con trastornos alimentarios: ¿Cómo perciben sus miembros el funcionamiento familiar?
Authors: Maglio Ana Laura , Molina. María Fernanda
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The aim of this study was to examine family functioning of different family members of adolescents with eating disorders (ED) at the start of psychotherapy and analyze the differences in their perception, since the approach of Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Systems. The study included 170 people grouped in 20 of adolescents with ED (father, mother, adolescent and sibling closest in age) and 26 control families. For this analysis, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale and the Adolescent-Parent Communication Inventory were used. The clinical families had lower clinical cohesion, less open communications and more communication problems. Siblings perceived less cohesion than the rest of the family and also reported having a negative communication pattern with their parents. The family functioning perception differs between family members, that ́s why perception of one member is not generalizable to all family group. The inclusion of siblings allows detecting non shared family environmental factors. We discuss the implication of these results in the psychotherapeutic treatment.   Key words: Family Functioning, Eating Disorders, Adolescents, Siblings.   Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar el funcionamiento familiar de los diferentes miembros de la familia de adolescentes con trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) al inicio del tratamiento psicoterapéutico y analizar las diferencias respecto de su percepción, desde el enfoque del Modelo Circumplejo de Sistemas Maritales y Familiares. Participaron del estudio 170 personas que conformaban 20 grupos de familias de adolescentes con TCA (padre, madre, adolescente y hermano/a más cercano en edad) y 26 grupos familiares controles. Fueron evaluados con la Escala de Evaluación de la Cohesión y Adaptabilidad Familiar y el Inventario de Comunicación Adolescente-Padre. Las familias clínicas presentaron menor cohesión, menos comunicación abierta y más problemas en la comunicación. Los hermanos/as percibían menor cohesión que el resto de la familia y también referían tener un patrón comunicacional negativo con sus padres. La percepción del funcionamiento familiar difiere entre los distintos miembros de una misma familia, por lo que la visión de uno de los miembros no resulta generalizable a todo el grupo familiar. La inclusión de los hermanos/as permite detectar factores ambientales familiares no compartidos por la adolescente con TCA. Se discute la implicación de estos resultados en el tratamiento psicoterapéutico.   Palabras clave: Funcionamiento familiar, Trastornos alimentarios, Adolescentes, Hermanos.
Relationship between self-esteem and symptoms of muscle dysmorphia in men with different levels of risk / Relación entre autoestima y síntomas de dismorfia muscular en varones con diferentes niveles de riesgo
Authors: Escoto Ponce de León María Del Consuelo , Camacho Ruiz Esteban Jaime , Alvarez Rayón Georgina Leticia , Díaz Reséndiz Felipe De Jesús , Morales Ramírez Alejandra
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The purposes of this study were to identify the symptoms of muscle dysmorphia in four groups of men; compare the self-esteem among groups with high, moderate and low drive for muscularity; and evaluate the relationship between these variables. The sample included 295 men aged 15 to 63 years-old (57 competitors bodybuilders, 40 not competitors, 47 gym users, and 151 sedentary) who answered the Drive for Muscularity Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results indicated that 43.9% of competitors bodybuilders, 27.5% non-competitors bodybuilders, 10.6% of gym users, and 1.3% of sedentary had symptoms of muscle dys- morphia. Covariance analysis, controlling for age, indicated that participants with lower self-esteem were those who scored higher on drive for muscularity, compared with those with moderate and low self-esteem. Finally, there was a significant and negative correlation between self-esteem and drive for muscularity, however, these results do not reveal whether self-esteem is a precursor or a consequence of drive for muscularity, so that future studies could longitudinally investigate the role of self-esteem in the development of drive for muscularity.   Key words: muscle dysmorphia, self-esteem, men, bodybuilders, exercise.   Resumen. Los propósitos de este estudio fueron: identificar los síntomas de dismorfia muscular en cuatro grupos de varones, comparar la autoestima entre los grupos con alta, moderada y baja motivación por la musculatura, y evaluar la relación entre dichas variables. La muestra incluyó 295 varones de 15 a 63 años de edad (57 fisicoconstructivistas competidores, 40 no competidores, 47 usuarios de gimnasio y 151 sedentarios) quienes contestaron la Escala de Motivación por la Musculatura y la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Los resultados indicaron que 43.9% de fisicoconstructivistas competidores, 27.5% de fisicoconstructivistas no competidores, 10.6% de usuarios de gimnasio y 1.3% de sedentarios presentaron síntomas de dismorfia muscular. El análisis de covarianza, controlando la edad, indicó que los participantes con menor autoestima fueron los que puntuaron más alto en motivación por la musculatura, en comparación con los de moderada y baja motivación. Finalmente, se observó una correlación significativa y negativa entre la autoestima y la motivación por la musculatura, sin embargo, estos resultados no revelan si la autoestima es un precursor de la motivación por la musculatura o una consecuencia, por lo que futuros estudios podrían investigar longitudinalmente el rol de la autoestima en el desarrollo de la motivación por la musculatura.   Palabras clave: dismorfia muscular, autoestima, varones, fisicoconstructivistas, ejercicio.
Synthesis and new contributions in the study of obesity / Síntesis y nuevas aportaciones para el estudio de la obesidad
Authors: Mestas Hernández Lilia , Gordillo León Fernando , Arana Martínez José M. , Salvador Cruz Judith
Published: October 2021

Abstract Obesity is a medical condition that affects millions of people around the world whose neurochemical, cognitive and environmental/social factors should be treated together for its better understanding. This review aims to analyse the latest research in order to understand the etiology and development of obesity with a focus on the most important aspects for treatment that extend beyond diet and exercise such as: a) the physiological mechanisms underlying energy homeostasis, b) cognitive deficits in executive functions, memory, attention and learning; c) emotional processing and stress d) environmental/social factors and e) body perception of obese individuals. It is necessary to integrate all these factors together with improvements in differential diagnosis and the clarification of role played by genetic and environmental factors in its etiology.   Keywords: executive functions, obesity, overweight, overestimation.   Resumen La obesidad es una condición clínica que afecta a millones de personas en todo el mundo y cuyos componentes neuroquímicos, cognitivos y ambientales/sociales deberían ser tratados de manera conjunta para su mejor comprensión. Esta revisión tiene por objetivo analizar las investigaciones más recientes, con el fin de comprender la etiología y desarrollo de la obesidad, centrando la atención en los aspectos más importantes para su tratamiento, y que van más allá del control de la dieta y el ejercicio físico, como son: a) los mecanismos fisiológicos que subyacen a la homeostasis energética; b) los déficit cognitivos en las funciones ejecutivas, la memoria, la atención y el aprendizaje; c) el procesamiento emocional y el estrés; d) los factores ambientales/sociales y, e) la percepción que la persona obesa tiene de su propio cuerpo. Resulta necesario integrar todos estos factores, junto a una mejora en el diagnóstico diferencial, y la clarificación del papel que juegan los factores genéticos y ambientales en su etiología.   Palabras Clave: funciones ejecutivas, obesidad, sobrepeso, sobrestimación.
Risk of eating disorder in school children from Buenos Aires: Its relationship with perfectionism / Riesgo de trastorno alimentario en niños escolarizados de Buenos Aires: Su asociación con perfeccionismo
Authors: Elizathe Luciana , Murawski Brenda , Custodio Jésica , Rutsztein Guillermina
Published: October 2021

Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate risk of eating disorder (ED) and perfectionism in school girls and boys, and to analyze whether there is an association between both variables. The sample was composed by 337 children (51% girls-49% boys) aged between 9 and 13 years. A two-stage study was carried out. In the first stage, the children completed the following instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Children’s Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT), Cuestionario de Perfeccionismo Infantil-Child Perfectionism Questionnaire- and Child/adolescent Version of the Silhouette Rating Scale. They were weighed and measured by a nutritionist, accor- ding to the rules of the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría. In the second stage, the children at risk for ED and a control group were interviewed in order to confirm or not such risk. After the first stage, a possible risk for ED was identified in a 30.56% of children. After the second stage, the risk was confirmed in a 9.79% of the children from the total sample, with no gender differences in this variable. It was found a significant positive association between the ChEAT total scores and the total score of Perfectionism measure. Finally, it was concluded that perfectionism is a key variable associated to risk for ED in children. Key words: Eating disorders, perfectionism, children, body image, ChEAT.   Resumen El presente estudio se propone evaluar riesgo de trastorno alimentario (TA) y perfeccionismo en niñas y niños escolarizados y analizar si existe asociación entre ambas variables. La muestra estuvo conformada por 337 niños (51% niñas-49% varones) de entre 9 y 13 años. Se realizó un estudio en dos fases. En la primera, los niños completaron los siguientes instrumentos: Cuestionario sociodemográfico, Test de Actitudes Alimentarias para Niños (ChEAT), Cuestionario de Perfeccionis- mo Infantil y Escala de Siluetas para niños y adolescentes. Fueron pesados y medidos por una nutricionista, según normas de la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría. En la segunda fase, los niños en riesgo de TA y un grupo control fueron entrevistados con el fin de corroborar o no dicho riesgo. Tras la primera fase se identificó un 30.56% de niños con posible riesgo de TA. Luego de la segunda fase se confirmó el riesgo en un 9.79% de los niños de la muestra total, no existiendo diferencias por sexo en esta variable. Se halló una asociación significativa positiva entre la puntuación total del ChEAT y la puntuación total en la medida de Perfeccionismo. Finalmente, se puede concluir que el perfeccionismo constituye una variable asociada al riesgo de TA en niños. Palabras clave: Trastornos alimentarios, perfeccionismo, niños, imagen corporal, ChEAT.
Parental negative weight/shape comments and their association with disordered eating behaviors: A systematic review / Comentarios negativos paternos acerca de peso/forma corporal y su asociación con las conductas alimentarias de riesgo: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Díaz de León Vázquez Concepción , Unikel Santoncini Claudia
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to find the association between receiving negative parental weight and shape comments, and the presence of disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) in young adults. A systematic review was conducted answering the following PECO question: Population / young adults; Exposure / negative comments, criticism or teasing about weight and shape by parents; Comparison groups / not applicable; and Outcome / DEBs. Due to the use of different statistical measurements, a narrative was chosen to present the results. An association between negative comments and DEBs was found in male and female university students. Women reported more negative comments, higher body dissatisfaction and DEBs than men. Body dissatisfaction was found as a mediator of negative comments and DEBs, and sex as a moderator between body dissatisfaction and DEBs. The results have implications for the influence social pressure has on the internalization of the thin-ideal and on body dissatisfaction as risk factors for the development of disordered eating behaviours.Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la asociación entre ser receptor de comentarios negativos paternos acerca del peso y la figura corporal, y la presencia de conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) en adultos jóvenes. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática respondiendo a la pregunta PECO siguiente: Población / adultos jóvenes; Exposición / comentarios negativos, críticas o ridiculización por parte de los padres por el peso y la figura corporal; Comparación / no aplicó; y Resultado / CAR. Debido a las diferentes medidas estadísticas utilizadas, se eligió un formato narrativo para presentar los resultados. Los resultados indican asociación entre los comentarios negativos paternos y las CAR en hombres y mujeres estudiantes universitarios. Las mujeres reportaron recibir más comentarios negativos, así como presentar mayor insatisfacción corporal y CAR que los hombres. Entre los comentarios negativos y las CAR se encontró como mediadora a la imagen corporal, y al sexo como un moderador entre la insatisfacción corporal y las CAR. Los resultados tienen implicaciones acerca de la influencia de la presión sociocultural en la interiorización del ideal estético de delgadez y de la insatisfacción corporal como factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de CAR.
Viaje al centro de la mitocondria: importación de proteínas, sus alteraciones y enfermedades relacionadas
Authors: Avendaño-Monsalve Maria Clara , Ponce-Rojas José Carlos , Funes Soledad
Published: October 2021

Las mitocondrias son organelos fascinantes, no solo porque son el sitio en donde se genera la energía de las células, sino por su relevancia en procesos y patologías de interés médico. La gran mayoría de las proteínas que constituyen el proteoma mitocondrial están codificadas en el núcleo y se traducen por ribosomas citosólicos, por lo que deben ser identificadas correctamente para ser distribuidas e insertadas en cada uno de los subcompartimentos mitocondriales. En este artículo realizamos una descripción de las las maquinarias de importación mitocondrial, además de las diferentes respuestas celulares que contrarrestan las alteraciones en los procesos de transporte de las proteínas o cuando existe una disfunción mitocondrial. Finalmente, mencionamos las enfermedades causadas por mutaciones en los complejos transportadores y de distribución de las proteínas de este organelo, que se han identificado hasta la fecha.
Studies on Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete
Authors: Narendiran A.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: To evaluate the mechanical properties of self compacting concrete (M30) with sisal fibers.Self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes are produced by replacing the cement with Fly ash and with addition of sisal fiber of 0, 0.5%, 1%, 1% and1.5% and length of fibers considered are 5mm, 10mm, and 20mm to the SCC concrete. Sulphonated naphthalene Formaldehyde condensates based SP is used as water reducing agent. Compressive strength and Flexural strength of SCC mix has to be determined at 14 and 28 days. Impact strength of SCC mix has to be determined at 28 days.
Smart Home Automation using Voice Recognition
Authors: Parikh Dhruv Piyush
Published: October 2021

Abstract: This modern era is about pursuing your passion, people not only focus on work but take up several hobbies to follow, either it be learning a new instrument, hiking, or vlogging your life. Everything must be done within 24 hours of a day. This creates a never-ending demand for technology that could encourage full utilization of time by eliminating the basic and mundane tasks of individuals. Inspired by this stream of thoughts we are developing a system that provides a cost-effective solution to the problem by creating a voice-operated home automation system. This is achieved by using the principles of the Internet of Things integrated with Neural Libraries. We can create an environment in which several appliances can be operated on voice commands, either it be turning on a fan or closing a door all are just one command away. The system utilizes BOLT IoT with a voice flow application to make an economical, scalable, and user-friendly home automation model. Keywords: IoT, Voice recognition, Smart home, BOLT IoT, Integromate.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PROJECTS OF REPAIR COMPANIES USING COMPOSITION CENTERS
Authors:   Polotsk State University, Ivanov Vladimir P. , Vigerina Tat’yana V.
Published: October 2021

Educational and scientific publications orient future specialists of the repair and maintenance profile when studying the discipline of enterprise design to optimize technical solutions according to the criteria of minimum production area of premises and buildings and transport work for moving machines and aggregates, but they do not offer qualitative and quantitative methods of this optimization. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing the measures to reduce the production area and transport work on the movement of products during the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of repair and maintenance enterprises. (Materials and methods) Geometric optimization according to the criteria of transport work for the movement of repaired and serviced products and the production area of the production building has been used during the study. The layout decision of the industrial buildings subject to technological requirements, restrictions, safety and rational due to the location of the plots, the minimum transport equation serviced (repairable) goods and traffic flows. (Results and discussion) The article presents the concept of a composite center in the layout of the production building of a repair and maintenance enterprise in design practice. The location relative to each other plots of maintenance and repair of operational and integrated operating company, as well as disassembly and cleaning, restoration of parts and a pick-assembly plots repair company that will ensure the movement of goods heaviest path of least length are justified. (Conclusions) The use of composite centers in design work during the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of production sites of operational, maintenance and repair enterprises with the optimization procedure allows you to obtain a housing layout with a minimum production area and the least transport work to move the repaired or serviced products.
SYNTHESIS OF ANTIFRICTION COATINGS BY THE FABO METHOD
Authors:   Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Ipatov Aleksey G. , Shmykov Sergey N.
Published: October 2021

In the paper, the technology of obtaining antifriction coatings by the method of finishing antifriction-free abrasive treatment with the implementation of the wear-free effect is proposed. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing an effective technology for obtaining copper coatings on the surface of steel parts of the shaft type to reduce the wear rate in the conditions of oil starvation of machine parts. (Materials and methods) During the study, a laboratory facility for the synthesis of antifriction coatings on the surface of steel parts by the method of finishing antifriction-free abrasive treatment has been developed. Brass of the LS-59-1 brand was used as a material for applying a copper antifriction coating. In order to activate the surface of the part and the surface of the filler material, a technological medium based on a ten percent solution of hydrochloric acid and glycerol was used. Authors determined the composition of the technological environment empirically. The obtained laboratory samples were subjected to tribological studies in comparison with standard antifriction alloys. X-ray diffraction studies were performed to determine the phase composition. (Results and discussion) As a result of X-ray diffraction studies of laboratory samples, the presence of iron and copper components in the synthesized coating was studied. The content of oxides on the surface of the coating is insignificant, the internal structure is dense with no visible porosity. The coating consists of 95 percent copper, the synthesis process takes place without oxidation, which gives the coating a high adhesive and cohesive strength. The coating thickness is uniform and varies within 3-5 micrometers. (Conclusions) Comparative tribological studies have shown high resistance to wear and to the setting of the contact surfaces under conditions of oil starvation. The coefficient of friction is stable and low and is in the range of 0.08-0.15. The developed technology makes it possible to increase the wear resistance of steel parts of the shaft type in the shortest possible time and with minimal material costs and can be successfully implemented in the conditions of repair enterprises.
GEOMETRY OF THE FRAMES OF COMPOSITE PLOUGHSHARES OF THE COMPANY "KUHN" AFTER THEIR OPERATION
Authors:   Bryansk State Agrarian University, Mikhal’chenkov Aleksandr M. , Kozarez Irina V. , Gutsan Aleksandr A. , Gaponova Valentina E.
Published: October 2021

The widespread use of imported plows raises the question of ensuring the proper durability of their parts. Ploughshare is the most loaded structural elements in terms of wear. The lack of reliable information about wear, its specifics and the geometry of the worn part makes it difficult to develop effective recovery technologies. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the specifics of the geometry of the cutting part of the frames of composite plowshares manufactured by the "KUHN" after their decommissioning. (Materials and methods) Ploughshares was used as controlled parts, which were used in plowing sandy loam and light loam soils. Their number was 60 units, which corresponds to the rules of probabilistic and statistical processing in accordance with the Shapiro- Wilk criterion. (Results and discussion) The minimum values of the residual width occur in the heel area for all the studied ploughshares, which is explained by the relatively low rigidity of the studied area, as well as the presence of significant vibrations. If the wear is about 80 millimeters, it is impossible to restore the skeleton by the method of compensating elements due to insufficient rigidity of the structure. Most of the skeletons have a residual width of about 85 millimeters, and in this case, it is possible to renovate the ploughshare. The nature of the distribution of the residual width along the length of the frame is approximately the same for most parts and is characterized by a decrease in the minimum values of the residual width from the nose to the heel area. There is a sharp decrease in the area from the toe to the section passing through the middle mounting hole. (Conclusions) The width of the repair insert is regulated by the minimum value of the remaining width of the frame. The profile of the worn area is virtually the same for all parts. In the array of studied parts, there are products whose profiles and values of the residual width differ significantly from the typical ones.