bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neurorights - Minding the Integrity of Mind
Authors: Muhammad Sohail Asghar  , Hafsa Naz
Published: February 2025

Rapid development in neuroscience in the recent years has ushered in a new era in accessing, maneuvering and sharing information from human brain. Manipulation of the human neural processes through neurological technologies has posed a profound threat to human dignity and privacy with a grave risk to violate the ultimate sanctuary of human freedom – his mind. The application of such neurotechnologies pose prominent challenges to human rights values and several ethical and legal concerns must be focused tin order to counter any inadvertent effects. The allusions posed by the emergence of contemporary neurotechnology with reference to the current human rights mechanism are evaluated in this paper and it is concluded that existing human rights regime is insufficient to address these emergent concerns. An inclusive analysis of the liaison between human rights and neurotechnologies represents the dire need of four new human rights that may adopt prime importance in the near future. These rights are as to mental privacy, mental integrity, cognitive liberty, and the psychological continuity.
Editorial | The Microscope
Authors: Laughlin Gary J.
Published: February 2025

Words have meaning. For example, – the microscope – only two words that because we see them together nearly everyday, may begin to lose, not necessarily their meaning, but rather, their importance, their significance, or their relevance. We as scientists, microscopists, if not microscope users, should be prepared to answer some basic questions about these two important words and what they mean to us and to our preferred instrument of choice, the microscope. The answers to which all can be discovered here in the pages of this journal with the anticipated if not expected title: The Microscope.
Reconsidering the Academic Identity of Reunification Education: Focusing on Its Relationship with Peace Education, Multicultural Education, Democratic Citizenship Education, and Global Citizenship Education
Authors:   Association for the Reunificational Education of Korea, Park Hyoungbin
Published: February 2025

Reunification education should not merely pursue political integration but should take an educational approach that equips future generations, who will lead a reunified Korea, to adapt to the changing dynamics of the Korean Peninsula and the international environment, while fulfilling their roles as global citizens. This study aims to redefine the academic characteristics of reunification education by examining its connections with peace education, multicultural education, democratic citizenship education, and global citizenship education. Reunification education plays a pivotal role in enabling peaceful coexistence between residents of North and South Korea post- reunification, while fostering democracy, diversity, and global citizenship. Moreover, the study proposes moral philosophy as the theoretical foundation of reunification education and moral psychology as its educational methodology. In doing so, it seeks to explore strategies for transitioning reunification education from coercive or unilateral instruction to a more dialogical form of education. Ultimately, the study argues that reunification education can contribute to nurturing responsible global citizens within the international community by promoting peaceful conflict resolution, respect for cultural diversity, critical democratic citizenship, and the cultivation of global consciousness.
A Study on Current Issues and Improvement Strategies for School Unification Education: Focusing on the 2022 Revised Elementary Curriculum
Authors:   Association for the Reunificational Education of Korea, Oum Hyun-suk
Published: February 2025

This study aims to specifically examining the current issues of unification education as a cross-curricular learning theme in the 2022 revised elementary curriculum and proposing strategies for improvement. The study proposed three strategies for effective unification education based on its findings. First, it is necessary to explicitly specify cross-curricular learning themes and the required instructional hours at the legislative level. Maintaining declarative provisions such as “requested” or “should be reflected,” as is currently the case, makes it difficult to ensure the effectiveness and continuity of education. Second, efforts should extend beyond merely including cross-curricular themes in the national curriculum plan. Progress should be encouraged through mechanisms such as school evaluations and curriculum assessments. Third, despite the negative perceptions surrounding cross-curricular themes, institutional improvements are needed, such as providing incentives for front-line teachers who conduct education with a strong sense of mission.
Analysis of Learning Community at SD N 236 Palembang
Authors: Heriyani Heriyani , Lestari Neta Dian
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze teacher learning communities in improving teacher performance in elementary schools. Using a narrative qualitative method, this study involved 20 elementary school teachers in Plaju District, Palembang City. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that teacher learning communities play a significant role in improving teacher performance through collaboration, critical reflection, and evidence-based practices. Participation in learning communities improves teachers’ abilities in planning, implementing, and evaluating learning. This study highlights the importance of policy support to develop and expand teacher learning community programs as an effective strategy in teacher professional development.
Falacia del binarismo historicista occidental (universal-particular). Hacia el pluralismo decolonial de las historias de la psicología
Authors: Polanco Fernando Andres , Beria Josiane Sueli
Published: February 2025

La historia propone modelos de reconstrucción que van desde lo particular a lo universal, representados en las historias locales y las historias globales. En el presente artículo, se analiza la oposición y contrapunto de ambos conceptos, desde un punto de vista etimológico, histórico y sociopolítico; para luego, desde un punto de vista decolonial, analizar las consecuencias teóricas y metodológicas en la historia en general, y la historia de la psicología en particular. Como resultado, se pudo observar que lo universal-particular no son contrarios, configurando una falacia, que lleva a la matriz etimológica de un ser único o unus. Posteriormente, se pudo ver que, a través de la historia, los principios del desarrollo del pensamiento europeo configuraron esta falacia oculta en el universalismo y el particularismo occidental, resguardándose bajo los movimientos iluministas y romancistas que conforman parte del diseño global del sistema mundo moderno colonial. Esto, a su vez, repercutió en la historia de la psicología y en sus reconstrucciones. Por ello, se propone, una historia de la psicología basada en lo diverso y lo plural, que se desenvuelva en reconstrucciones locales de abajo hacia arriba, con un análisis horizontal de las articulaciones con el diseño global. Finalmente, se comenta la implicancia de esta propuesta dentro del marco de la historia crítica, y su interés como un paso más hacia la configuración de historias hospitalarias, donde todas las reconstrucciones sean otras historias, representando no solo un compromiso epistémico, sino también ético.
La mentalización. Un recurso psicoterapéutico efectivo
Authors: Mejía Palencia Ninette
Published: February 2025

La mentalización o función reflexiva (FR), es la capacidad que da inicio en la infancia, que permite reconocer y comprender los sentimientos, pensamientos, necesidades, intenciones, deseos, emociones conscientes e inconscientes en sí mismo y en el otro; para dar una interpretación convincente a la propia conducta y de las otras personas. En este artículo se explica el uso de lamentalización como técnica psicoterapéutica con el objetivo de restaurar la función reflexiva en personas que la han perdido, por ejemplo, pacientes traumatizados, con trastorno límite, trastorno de personalidad antisocial, abuso de sustancias, trastornos de alimentación y madres en riesgo y con apego ansioso, resistente o desorganizado. El objetivo de la técnica es reactivar la función reflexiva, con lo que se facilita el aprendizaje social, se propicia las relaciones afectivas, se propicia el abandono de ciclos de reactuacion del trauma, se promueve una mayor percepción de las ideas, sentimientos y comportamientos en sí mismo y en los otros, con lo que hay una mayor regulación de los afectos, que se asocia con una sensación de libertad interna.
Inteligência Artificial Generativa na Comunicação Científica: recomendações para autores, revisores e editores
Authors: Meneses Abel Sillva de
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Propor recomendações para autores, revisores e editores sobre integridade na aplicação de Inteligência Artificial (IA) em comunicações científicas. Método: Estudo de síntese temática resultante do compilado de conteúdos de sociedades científicas, diretrizes de periódicos científicos, produções acadêmicas e demais produções científicas sobre IA. Uma busca iterativa foi conduzida para incluir diretrizes e conteúdos relevantes sobre integridade na aplicação da IA em comunicações científicas até a saturação da temática. Resultados: Recomendações para autores, revisores e editores, relacionando o uso consciente da IA em função da Autoria e Colaboração, Transparência, Qualidade, Atribuição, Limitações e Responsabilidades. Conclusão: O processo de pesquisa é uma atividade fundamental da ciência que, embora possa ser apoiado por tecnologias assistidas por IA, continua sendo uma atribuição intelectual que envolve reflexões emanadas de pensamentos complexos do ser humano, resultando na geração de insights e observações que se traduzem e evidências de aplicação na vida real.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Traditional Herbal Medicine in Reducing Malaria Parasite Load in Children under Five in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors:   School of Applied Health Sciences Kampala International University Uganda, Jeanne N. Alberta
Published: February 2025

Malaria remains a leading cause of illness and death among children under five in Sub-Saharan Africa, despite concerted efforts to control the disease through conventional measures such as insecticide-treated nets and Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs). Traditional herbal medicine, deeply rooted in African healthcare practices, offers a potential alternative or complementary treatment for malaria in regions with limited access to modern healthcare and rising drug resistance. This review examined the effectiveness of traditional herbal remedies, specifically Artemisia annua, Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, and Morinda lucida, in reducing malaria parasite load in young children. Using a comprehensive literature review methodology, we analyzed data from recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of these plants in malaria treatment. The findings demonstrated that these herbs have notable antimalarial effects, with some studies showing a significant reduction in parasite load comparable to conventional antimalarial drugs. However, challenges in standardizing dosage and quality control, along with concerns about long-term safety, underscore the need for additional research to optimize these treatments. Integrating validated traditional remedies into malaria control strategies could offer an accessible and culturally accepted approach to reduce malaria’s burden in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly for vulnerable populations in remote areas.

Keyword: Malaria parasite load, Traditional herbal medicine, Randomized controlled trials, Sub-Saharan Africa, Children under five.
An Introduction to Charlotte Perkins-Gilman’s ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: February 2025

Among the works of fiction in the feminist canon, few are as celebrated as Charlotte Perkins-Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper”. This short story, or novella, depending on how you want to define those categories, details the abuse suffered by a woman in the supposed name of mental health, at the whim of her male “carers”. The story is now, as Catherine J. Golden notes, “among the most studied texts in the English-speaking world”. In this piece I
Ep 23 - Heritable Polygenic Editing: Closer Than You Think
Authors: Titus Alexander
Published: February 2025

Ten years ago, the idea of editing human genomes to prevent disease or enhance traits might have seemed like the stuff of science fiction. Today, not only is it possible—it’s a rapidly advancing field. A recent paper in

Nature

, “Heritable Polygenic Editing: The Next Frontier in Genomic Medicine,” explores this possibility in detail.
Penerapan Problem Based Learning: Pendekatan Inovatif untuk Peningkatan Hasil Belajar di Kelas
Authors: Amirulloh M. Idham , Habiburrohman Habiburrohman , El-Yunusi M. Yusron Maulana
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model at SMA Wahid Hasyim II Taman. The research focus includes the PBL implementation process, student learning outcomes, and factors that influence the success of PBL implementation. Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with PAI teachers and students, classroom learning observations, as well as documentation of learning outcomes and learning planning. The research results show that the implementation of PBL has been effective and has had a positive impact on the learning process and outcomes. Students show improvements in learning activities, critical thinking abilities, and problem-solving skills. The successful implementation of PBL is supported by the selection of authentic problems, teacher readiness in designing learning, and active involvement of students. Even though there are obstacles such as limited time and student adaptation to new learning models, the strategies implemented by teachers have proven to be effective in overcoming these challenges. This research makes an important contribution to the development of problem-based learning practices at the high school level
Nhận thức về vai trò thực hiện dân chủ ở cơ sở yếu tố quyết định xây dựng thành công nhà nước pháp quyền
Authors: Tạ Ngọc Anh
Published: February 2025

Vấn đề dân chủ là vấn đề cốt lõi trong xây dựng Nhà nước pháp quyền nhưng những phần tử phản cách mạng luôn lợi dụng dân chủ, nhân quyền để gây rối, kích động, chia rẽ khối đại đoàn kết, làm mất trật tự ổn định chính trị - xã hội. Theo đó, cần nâng cao nhận thức, vận dụng đúng đắn, thực hiện và phát triển sáng tạo quan điểm của chủ nghĩa Mác - Lênin và tư tưởng Hồ Chí Minh về dân chủ và thực hiện dân chủ ở cơ sở. Khẳng định đường lối, quan điểm đúng đắn của Đảng và Nhà nước trong thời kỳ đổi mới và đặc biệt là Luật Thực hiện dân chủ cơ sở ra đời cùng với những giải pháp hữu hiệu trong tổ chức thực hiện đã trở thành “Lá chắn thép” để xây dựng thành công nền dân chủ xã hội chủ nghĩa trong tình hình mới.
Communicative strategies applied by nursing students to induce participatory behavior of community clientele for related learning experience
Authors: A. Hayudini Magna Anissa , Warid-Sahial Ayesha P. , P. Warid Ledina , P. Sahial Arzimar , J. Ibrahim Nhurridah , A. Amja Amira , Ensanah Tarabasa Nurshaima
Published: February 2025

The value of practical experience in nursing education cannot be emphasized. In order for nursing students to advance their knowledge and abilities, they must interact with actual clients. But getting community clients to participate can be a difficult endeavor. This study will investigate the communication techniques used by nursing students in Jolo, Sulu to persuade members of the community to take part in educational activities. Establishing rapport and trust with clients is one important tactic. Students may make the learning environment secure and comfortable by building healthy relationships. Good communication is also essential since students need to answer any worries or inquiries that clients may have as well as properly explain the goal of their interactions. Client participation and investment in the learning process might rise when they are included in decision-making procedures. The study's respondents consisted of twenty (20) nursing students who were involved in community engagement or Community Organizing Participatory Action Research (COPAR). Through feedback solicitation and client input incorporation, nursing students can customize their approach to better serve their patients' needs.
Implementation of Object Detection Algorithms in the Inventory of Technical Infrastructure, Case Study of Utility Poles Detection
Authors: Czyrzniak Mateusz Paweł , Rapiński Jacek
Published: February 2025

Roads, bridges, railways, poles, and power lines are one of main elements of technical infrastructure. Their proper condition is essential for ensuring people, goods, and electricity transportation. Inventory is a crucial process for maintaining the health of technical infrastructure. Conducting inventory with traditional surveying techniques, such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) or trigonometry, is both time and money consuming. In recent years, modern remote sensing techniques like LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and aerial and ground based imaging have been employed for inventory purposes. These methods enable data collection over large areas, reducing both the time and cost of measurement processes. Data from these devices is often processed in conjunction with artificial intelligence algorithms that assist in processing large data sets. This paper aims to introduce deep learning (DL) algorithms for inventory purposes using object detection with utility poles as a case study. The research was conducted using empirical data. A key element in training a DL model is the optimal selection of hyperparameters. During the study, ten models were trained, and their performance was compared based on selected metrics. For this study, a dataset of 1,736 original utility pole images was used. To augment the data, new images were created through rotation and mirroring. The best model achieved the following results: Precision = 98.82%, Recall = 97.29%, F1-score = 98.05%, mAP50 = 97.92%, mAP75 = 89.93%. The performance of the model gives a solid base for further implementation of DL object detection techniques for inventory of technical infrastructure.
Distance learning ecosystem: Instructional systems design framework for effective e-facilitation
Authors:   Centre for Educational Technology, Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka, Lagos State, S. Oguntunde Abidemi
Published: February 2025

Open and distance learning (ODL) has gained popularity and acceptance in recent years as a means of providing access to higher institutions for the educational aspirations of millions of learners. This has been made possible due to the technological advancements which have also caused changes in the pedagogical practices. However, the use of technologies for online facilitation requires sound instructional design system framework in organizing content, materials; as well as appropriate pedagogy in course delivery in distance learning. This paper highlights key strategies and innovations in distance learning delivery, emphasizing the importance of engaging the instructional system design (ISD) practices in providing quality e-facilitation in distance learning. It underscores the need for appropriate integration of digital tools, continuous professional development for educators and the importance of prioritizing learner-centred engagement in course interactions. The paper concludes by providing guidelines and instructional design system framework for the facilitation of interactive online learning programmes.
Nature of Supervision and Duration of Producing Ph.D Degrees in Nigerian Universities
Authors:   Department of Political Science, Federal University Dutse, O. Lamidi Kamal , Y. Ibrahim Umaru , Z Mohammed Ismaila ,   Department of Sociology, Bayero University, Kano, Maikano Madaki Aminu Musa ,   Department of Sociology, Bayero University, Kano, Aminu Ali ,   Department of Sociology, Bayero University, Kano, Suwaiba Ahmed ,   Department of Science and Technology Education, Bayero University, Kano, Bello Maryam ,   Department of Economics, Gombe State University, Gombe
Published: February 2025

The recent demand for Ph.D degrees across all disciplines necessitates a careful examination of the role of the supervisor in Ph.D production in Nigerian universities. The reason is not far from the fact that the supply of high-quality Ph.D graduates depends on the quality of supervision received from the supervisor during the Ph.D programme. The supervisor plays a crucial role in the quality of a student’s doctoral research experience and their academic outcomes. On this note, this paper assessed the effects of quality supervision on the duration of completing a Ph.D degree programme across Nigerian universities. The data for the study were collected using methods ranging from in-depth interviews, administration of structured questionnaires as well as existing documents. 282 Ph.D students were sampled for questionnaire administration and 10 key informant interviews were conducted across 16 sample universities in Nigeria. The findings, thus, established a correlation between the nature of supervision and the time Ph.D students spend on programme. The paper also reveals that Ph.D students can complete their programme within the stipulated duration if they receive adequate attention and support from their supervisors. The paper recommends that each University develops a progress tracking book between the Ph.D students and the departments on one hand and between the supervisors and students on the other hand.
Open Distance Learning on climate change in empowering marginalised Nigerian communities to build resilience and adaption
Authors:   Department of Environmental Education, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, Sanjo Adewale Peter , Kola-Olusanya Anthony ,   Department of Environmental Education, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, Adeoti Yusuf Florence ,   Department of Guidance and Counselling, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, Busuyi Fakokunde Jubril ,   Department of Science, Technology and Science Education, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, Oluwaseye Adeleke Florence ,   Department of Educational Management, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, Olufunke Favour Akindahunsi ,   Department of Arts and Social Science Education, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, Ayinde Malik Nasrudeen ,   Department of Science, Technology and Science Education, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
Published: February 2025

Marginalised communities are vulnerable to climate change (CC) impacts as they often lack the knowledge and resources to mitigate and adapt to the impact of CC. Therefore, this study examined the role open distance learning played in empowering marginalised communities to mitigate and adapt to CC. The study used a descriptive research method, and a multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 5 marginalised communities in southwest Nigeria based on their vulnerability sto climate change impacts and limited access to climate change education and training. 245 participants were randomly selected from the 5 communities comprised of community members, leaders and local government officials. Data was analyzed using frequency count with percentages. The result shows that open distance learning (ODL) has the potential to enhance the resilience of marginalised communities to the impacts of climate change. Distance learning programme on CC are effective in educating marginalised communities on the impact of CC and adaptation strategies. However, lack of access to technology was perceived as a major barrier for marginalised communities in accessing and participating in an open distance learning programme on CC. The researchers recommend that the National Information Technology Development Agency through its framework should advocate and support digital literacy for all in Nigerian marginalised communities. ODL curriculum on CC education should be improved through a community participatory approach.
Design of Microneedles Inspired by the Structural Mechanics of the Mosquito's Piercing Fascicle
Authors: Mahmoud S. R. , M. Al-Solami Habeeb , Ali S. I. , S. Alwabli Afaf , Bukhari Ghadeer , Aljedani Jabr , S. Al-Basyouni Khalil , A. Balubaid Mohammed
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the structural mechanics of the mosquito's piercing fascicle to provide a biomimetic framework for designing microneedles with enhanced functionality. A mechanical approach is applied to accurately determine the critical buckling loads of the fascicle, accounting for axial non-homogeneity. Using the power series method, the governing differential equation with varying coefficients is solved under clamped and free end boundary conditions. The derived characteristic equation offers precise predictions of critical buckling loads, validated through comparisons with experimental data for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous structures. Additionally, the study analyses the influence of labium support and axial gradient parameters, emphasizing the vital role of lateral support in ensuring structural stability. The findings contribute to the development of advanced microneedles for minimally invasive procedures and efficient drug delivery systems, addressing challenges relevant to veterinary and medical applications.
Pengetahuan Ibu Pasca Bersalin tentang Kontrasepsi Metode Jangka Panjang (MKJP) di Wilayah Puskesmas Buaran Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Hilda Prajayanti  , Putri Andanawarih
Published: February 2025

Family planning according to WHO (World Health Organization) is an action that helps married couples to avoid unwanted pregnancies, get the birth they want, regulate the interval between pregnancies, control the time of birth in relation to the age of the husband and wife and determine the number of children in the family . The long-term contraceptive method (MKJP) is the most effective contraceptive method. But perhaps due to mothers' lack of knowledge regarding long-term contraception, including IUDs, mothers are afraid to choose long-term contraception, therefore almost on average in Indonesia, acceptors are dominated by users of short-term contraception such as injections, pills, condoms and so on. The research method is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional research design. The instrument used to obtain data is by using a structured interview method in the form of closed and open question questionnaires. It was concluded that almost all respondents before receiving health education about long-term contraceptive methods described a sufficient level of knowledge, 27 respondents (77.1%). All respondents after receiving health education about long-term contraceptive methods described an increased level of knowledge and most were knowledgeable. either 30 respondents (85.7%), the majority of respondents used MKJP as many as 14 respondents (46.7%), non-MKJP as many as 11 respondents (31.4%) and did not use family planning as many as 10 respondents (28.6%) , There were no respondents who experienced a decrease in their level of knowledge, 32 respondents experienced an increase, 14 respondents who had good knowledge used MKJP, 10 respondents used non-MKJP and 6 respondents did not use contraception, and respondents who had sufficient knowledge were 4 respondents who did not use contraception and 1 respondents use non MKJP.
The WMO report on the Status of the Global Climate in 2023
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Toman Stanislav , Zusková Ilona ,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav
Published: February 2025

Since 1994 the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has been publishing its annual “WMO Statement on the Status of the Global Climate”. The report has gradually gained in popularity and recently is a recognized authoritative source of information for the scientific community, the media and the general public. The report presented is the latest link of this successful sequence. The journal Meteorologické zprávy (Meteorological Bulletin) offers to its readers an abbreviated version of the report.
Pengayaan Penerapan Ornamen Pada Usaha Arsitektur Bali di PT. Sraya Bali Style Batubulan, Sukawati, Gianyar
Authors: Manan Abdul , Arimbawa I Made Gede , Suardana I Wayan
Published: February 2025

Seni kriya merupakan sebuah karya yang menekankan keterampilan tangan dalam proses berkarya dan mengutamakan bentuk-bentuk dan kerajinan yang diciptakan dengan fungsi tertentu, persoalan magang/praktik kerja mbkm ini, bertujuan ingin mengetahui keberadaan eksistensi perusahaan yang ada di PT. sraya bali style. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini yaitu observasi, wawancara, partisipasi, dokumentasi. Dalam pengumpulan data ini berharap mendapatkan pengetahuan adapun gambaran terkait pengolahan bahan, proses pembuatan, dan perwujudan. Hasil dari kegiatan magang/praktik kerja di PT. Sraya Bali Style dapat menjadi sebuah metode dalam berkarya dengan penerapan alih pengetahuan, alih keterampilan, dan alih teknologi. Kesimpulan dalam Pengayaan dilakukan di perusahaan PT. Sraya Bali Style sebagai tempat dilaksanakannya kegiatan magang/praktik kerja dengan ini penulis mandalami semua pengatahuan yang ada terutama pada tehnik ukir tradisional yang ada di perusahaan tersebut sehingga penulis bisa menciptakan sebuah karya yang diterapkan pada hiasan dinding dengan motif ornamen madura.
La culpa en el ejercicio profesional médico
Authors: Mora Izquierdo Ricardo
Published: February 2025

Se revisan los conceptos jurídicos básicos de culpabilidad y la forma de ser culpable, por dolo, culpa y preterintención. A través de ejemplares clínicos y del ejercicio profesional de la medicina se ilustran los componentes del delito y se discuten los generadores de la culpa. Finalmente se hace énfasis en la importancia de las cátedras de Medicina Forense, Deontología Médica en las facultades de medicina como aporte preventivo a los problemas jurídicos en que incurren los médicos con alguna frecuencia.
Fundamento y utilización del acta de levantamiento de cadáver
Authors: Berenguer Visbal Ana María
Published: February 2025

El levantamiento de cadáver y la elaboración del acta correspondiente son elementos fundamentales para la investigación de los hechos. En el presente artículo, se revisan algunos aspectos relacionados con este tipo de diligencia, y se dan orientaciones prácticas para la correcta utilización del Formato Nacional de Acta de Levantamiento de Cadáver.
Investigación del delito sexual
Authors: Sánchez Prada María Dolores
Published: February 2025

El autor presenta en forma sencilla alguno de los aspectos importantes que influyen en la investigación del Delito Sexual como es el cuestionario básico que el investigador debe dirigir al médico-forense y la manera como el perito evalúa uno de los puntos del dictamen.
Actualización del dictamen pericial por estado de salud
Authors: Mora Izquierdo Ricardo
Published: February 2025

El Dictamen por Estado de Salud pertenece a la categoría de los dictámenes especiales dentro de la Medicina Forense. En el presente escrito se actualizan los conocimientos Médico-Legales indispensables para que el perito pueda efectuar su labor de Auxiliar de la Justicia en este campo, de manera adecuada y para que los jueces puedan interpretar correctamente el dictamen pericial específico en la materia. A través de la exposición de los fundamentos jurídicos y las definiciones forenses, se presentan las técnicas de la experticia y los procedimientos periciales para finalizar con unos datos estadísticos ilustrativos al respecto.
Método alternativo para la recolección de residuos de disparo en mano con alcohol polivinílico
Authors: Mora B. Edisson A. , Forero D. Carlos A. , Cruz C. John O. , Forero C. Nelson L.
Published: February 2025

La determinación de los residuos de disparo en mano busca conocer si una persona ha accionado un arma de fuego relacionada con un hecho punible. Estos métodos de análisis dependen de la técnica de toma de muestra realizada. En Colombia se analizan únicamente las muestras de residuos inorgánicos de disparo. La identificación de los residuos orgánicos tales como las trazas de sustancias explosivas proveen evidencia más específica de residuos de disparo con solo el contenido metálico. La posibilidad de tener contaminación de estos dos tipos diferentes de analitos (residuos orgánicos e inorgánicos de disparo) al mismo tiempo es menos frecuente y muy poco probable de hallar excepto en ambientes cotidianos que involucran el uso de armas de fuego. El presente estudio usó un método alternativo para la recolección de residuos de disparo (RD); este es independiente del método analítico y provee evidencia más específica. El análisis de los residuos inorgánicos del iniciador y los residuos orgánicos de la pólvora se realizó con la munición para pistola y revólver empleados. La distribución de los residuos de disparo en manos fue determinada para ambas armas de fuego. El uso del alcohol polivinílico como una alternativa para la recolección de residuos de disparo (RD) fue comparada para cada uno de los métodos de análisis, mediante el uso de 48 muestras. Los resultados demostraron que el alcohol polivinílico puede ser aplicado durante el proceso de recolección de residuos de disparo (RD) en mano para análisis por CG-MS, ICP-MS y/o SEM-EDX.
Construcción del dictamen de inimputabilidad. Un análisis desde la pragmática
Authors: Pulido Catalina
Published: February 2025

Este artículo presenta de manera general la investigación sobre el proceso de construcción del dictamen de inimputabilidad durante la entrevista psiquiátrica forense, que tiene como fuente principal de observación el discurso emitido por cada una de las partes, y hace comprensible por medio del análisis pragmático cognitivo de la conversación la interacción entre el perito psiquiatra forense y el sindicado. Esta metodología es usada para obtener "datos" de conversación registrada en formato audiovisual. Con las grabaciones obtenidas durante la entrevista, se hizo una transcripción interlineal de cada consulta, donde se registró literalmente los enunciados de los hablantes, la forma de expresión de dichos enunciados, es decir, la prosodia y la gestualidad de los que conversan. Igualmente se hizo el registro etnográfico con notas de campo mientras se presenciaba la consulta en la cámara de Gessel.
El análisis conversacional tuvo en cuenta tres categorías: accional, temática y referencial que permitieron hacer reflexiones sobre la interacción durante la consulta, el uso de palabras en contexto, y la relación de significados de cada uno de los hablantes en la conversación, siendo posible observar la constitución de secuencias de turnos de la palabra.
También se accedió al informe pericial realizado por el psiquiatra forense para analizarlo como documento desde la forma, contenido y contexto del mismo. Esto permitió entender su naturaleza y utilidad en la psiquiatría forense colombiana y contribuir a la comprensión del dictamen de inimputabilidad en un contexto cultural.
Aproximación a un modelo de rodadura complementario en la reconstrucción analítica de accidentes vehículo-peatón
Authors: Fuentes J. L. , Rojas J. W. , Delgado M. C.
Published: February 2025

Se presenta un modelo complementario de la prueba de distancia de lanzamiento utilizada en la reconstrucción analítica de la colisión frontal automóvil-peatón.
En este trabajo se considera que al golpear el peatón contra el piso y terminar así la fase de vuelo, este puede ser modelado en primera aproximación como una esfera, la cual presenta una fase de deslizamiento seguida de una en rodadura.
El modelo propuesto en este trabajo consiste en la adición de un término, el cual permite encontrar de un modo diferente el coeficiente de fricción involucrado en la fase de arrastre, que describe la prueba de distancia de lanzamiento para la reconstrucción analítica de la colisión vehículo-peatón.
Este término se genera al considerar la posible rodadura de la persona sobre la vía, la cual puede ser modelada utilizando el formalismo lagrangiano, como el movimiento en rodadura de una esfera.
Se encontró que el nuevo término está directamente relacionado con la trayectoria descrita por la persona en la última fase, puesto que para determinar los coeficientes de fricción en dicha etapa, esta se debe conocer.
Con este trabajo se propone una nueva línea de investigación dentro de la física forense que se dedique a medir trayectorias in situ, las cuales permitan disminuir la incertidumbre arrojada por las pruebas basadas en el método tradicional de medición experimental.
Association Between Nonfatal Self-Injury and Survival Following a Cancer Diagnosis: A Comparative Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Eskander Antoine , Sutradhar Rinku , Isenberg-Grzeda Elie , Fu Rui , Mahar Alyson , Vigod Simone N. , Bolton James , Deleemans Julie , Chan Wing C. , Coburn Natalie G. , Hallet Julie , _ _
Published: February 2025

Background: Nonfatal self-injury (NFSI) following a cancer diagnosis is a very serious mental health sequalae. Whether NFSI has an impact on patient outcomes is unknown. To help determine the impact and burden of NFSI in cancer care, this study examined the association between NFSI following a cancer diagnosis and subsequent overall survival (OS). Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study using linked administrative health care included patients with a new cancer diagnosis in 2007 through 2019. The exposure was NFSI (emergency department visit for self-injury of intentional or undetermined intent), treated as time-varying. The outcome was OS, as death from any cause measured from cancer diagnosis. Extended Cox multivariable models examined the association between NFSI and OS, adjusting for patient, cancer, and mental health history characteristics. Results: Of 806,910 patients, 2,482 (0.31%) had NFSI at a median of 29 months (IQR, 11–57) from cancer diagnosis. Of those, 81 had >1 NFSI event. Patients with NFSI had inferior OS compared with those who had not yet experienced an NFSI (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.73; 95% CI, 1.61–1.85). When treating NFSI as a count variable, there was an association between each additional NFSI and OS (adjusted HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.08–1.26). Conclusions: NFSI following a cancer diagnosis was independently associated with inferior OS. This finding highlights NFSI as a crucial event for patients with cancer and supports the importance of identifying and providing treatment for patients with cancer with cancer-related distress, such as marked by higher risk of NFSI.
“Off-Label” Use of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Negative or Unknown PD-L1 Status in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Stalker Margaret , Qu Kewen , Cohen Roger B. , Mamtani Ronac , Hwang Wei-Ting , Sun Lova
Published: February 2025

Background: The KEYNOTE-048 study established the checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) pembrolizumab, with/without chemotherapy, as frontline treatment for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, pembrolizumab monotherapy has limited efficacy in PD-L1–negative disease. Clinical practice patterns regarding PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) testing and PD-L1–guided treatment selection remain unknown. Patients and Methods: This retrospective analysis included patients who initiated treatment for R/M HNSCC from 2011 to 2023 in a nationwide electronic health record–derived deidentified database. Frontline therapy was categorized as CPI monotherapy, CPI with chemotherapy, or chemotherapy ± cetuximab without CPI. A subset of patients treated in 2019 and beyond (2019+ cohort) were analyzed to investigate PD-L1 testing rates, treatment patterns following FDA approval of pembrolizumab, and the proportion receiving “off-label” CPI monotherapy (single-agent use in patients with metastatic HNSCC and negative/unknown PD-L1 status). Factors associated with “off-label” use were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Results: The total cohort included 7,657 patients with a median age of 65 years (IQR, 58–72); 67% were White, 78% had a history of smoking, 66% had an ECOG performance status (PS) of 0–1, and 31% were HPV-positive. The 2019+ subset included 3,395 patients, of whom nearly half (47%) did not have a known PD-L1 CPS prior to systemic treatment initiation. The most common frontline treatment in the total cohort was CPI monotherapy (43%). CPI monotherapy use was even higher in patients aged ≥75 years (54%) and those with ECOG PS ≥2 (52%). Among the 2019+ subgroup with PD-L1 CPS negative/unknown tumors (n=1,926), 536 (28%) received CPI monotherapy “off-label.” Factors associated with “off-label” use on multivariable regression included age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.4), community practice setting (OR, 1.5), and earlier year of treatment (OR, 1.3 per year) (all P<.05). Conclusions: Most US patients with R/M HNSCC are now receiving CPI-based therapy in the frontline setting; however, PD-L1 testing remains underutilized. “Off-label” use of CPI monotherapy in PD-L1–negative/unknown HNSCC is common, particularly among elderly patients.
On some identities and generating functions for Pell-Lucas numbers
Authors:   LMAM Laboratory and Department of Mathematics, Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia University, Jijel, Algeria., Boussayoud Ali
Published: February 2025

Generating functions for Pell and Pell-Lucas numbers are obtained. Applications are given for some results recently obtained by Mansour [Mansour12]; by using an alternative approach that considers the action of the operator \(\delta_{e_1 e_2}^k\) to the series \(\sum_{j=0}^\infty a_j (e_1 z)^j\).
Four variants of the Fourier-analytic transference principle
Authors:   School of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK, Prendiville Sean
Published: February 2025

We survey four instances of the Fourier analytic ‘transference principle’or ‘dense model lemma’, which allows one to approximate an unbounded function on the integers by a bounded function with similar Fourier transform. Such a result forms a component of a general method pioneered by Green to count solutions to a single linear equation in a sparse subset of integers.
On some polynomials applied to the theory of hyperbolic differential equations
Authors:   USTHB, Faculty of Mathematics, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria, Mihoubi Miloud , Sahari Madjid ,   USTHB, Faculty of Mathematics, BP 32, El-Alia, 16111, Algiers, Algeria
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we study a class of sequences of polynomials linked to the sequence of Bell polynomials. Some sequences of this class have applications on the theory of hyperbolic differential equations and other sequences generalize Laguerre polynomials and associated Lah polynomials. We discuss, for these polynomials, their explicit expressions, relations to the successive derivatives of a given function, real zeros and recurrence relations. Some known results are significantly simplified.
Some domination properties of the total graph of a module with respect to singular submodule
Authors:   Deptartment of Mathematics, Gauhati University, Guwahati-14, Assam, India, Goswami Jituparna
Published: February 2025

Let \( R \) be a commutative ring with unity and \( M \) be an \( R \)-module. The total graph of \( M \) with respect to the singular submodule \( Z(M) \) of \( M \) is an undirected graph \( T(\Gamma(M)) \) with vertex set as \( M \) and any two distinct vertices \( x \) and \( y \) are adjacent if and only if \( x + y \in Z(M) \). In this paper, the author attempts to study the domination in the graph \( T(\Gamma(M)) \) and investigate the domination number and the bondage number of \( T(\Gamma(M)) \) and its induced subgraphs. Some domination parameters of \( T(\Gamma(M)) \) are also studied. It has been shown that \( T(\Gamma(M)) \) is excellent, domatically full, and well covered under certain conditions.
Solving N-players Continuous Differential Games under Neutrosophic Environment
Authors: Brikaa M. G.
Published: February 2025

Uncertainty plays a crucial role in decision-making problems, particularly in game theory. Various forms of uncertainty have been explored in the literature, including fuzzy, soft, rough, and interval-based approaches. Game theory has been extensively studied under these uncertainty models, with researchers addressing vagueness, and imprecision from multiple perspectives. More recently, neutrosophic sets have emerged as an alternative framework for handling uncertainty. Neutrosophic numbers effectively incorporate indeterminacy in decision-making by considering factors such as intuition, assumptions, judgment, behavior, evaluation, and preferences of decision-makers. This paper presents a novel approach to solving a new class of n-player continuous differential games within a neutrosophic framework. In the proposed methodology, the neutrosophic n-player continuous games are redefined into two separate crisp problems: the lower problem and the upper problem. The study further establishes the necessary and sufficient conditions for determining equilibrium strategies in neutrosophic continuous differential games. To demonstrate its effectiveness and practical applicability, the proposed method is validated through a numerical example.
Ineficiencia y Falta de Transparencia: Desafíos en los Procesos Contenciosos Administrativos en Ecuador
Authors: Garófalo Delgado Leslie Brigitte , Sánchez Albán Ahinoa Mabel
Published: February 2025

Los procesos contenciosos administrativos son esenciales para proteger los derechos de los ciudadanos frente a la administración pública. En Ecuador, enfrentan problemas de eficiencia y transparencia que debilitan la confianza en las instituciones. Este estudio aborda estos desafíos y propone soluciones para optimizar el sistema. La investigación, de enfoque cualitativo y descriptivo, incluyó entrevistas a expertos en derecho administrativo, funcionarios judiciales y el análisis de informes como el del Consejo de la Judicatura (2021), que revela un aumento en la carga procesal de los tribunales. Los resultados muestran que la lentitud de los procesos, derivada de la sobrecarga en los tribunales, genera frustración ciudadana, mientras que la falta de transparencia fomenta percepciones de arbitrariedad, afectando el acceso efectivo a la justicia. Los expertos destacan que la digitalización y la capacitación de funcionarios podrían ser medidas clave para abordar estos problemas. La implementación de tecnologías digitales mejoraría el seguimiento de casos y el acceso a información, mientras que la formación continua y la supervisión externa fortalecerían la rendición de cuentas. En conclusión, este estudio propone soluciones prácticas para mejorar la eficiencia y transparencia en los procesos contenciosos administrativos, contribuyendo al fortalecimiento del acceso a la justicia y la confianza en el sistema judicial ecuatoriano.