bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Colorblind Islam: The Racial Hinges of Immigrant Muslims in the United States
Authors: Guhin Jeffrey
Published: June 2018

Islam is increasingly theorized as a “racialized” category in the United States, yet these accounts can too often emphasize a top-down approach of racial identification and obfuscate the importance of the African-American Muslim experience. Using Maghbouleh’s (2017) concept of “racial hinges”, the author synthesizes previous work and provides evidence from his own ethnographic research to describe how immigrant Muslims in the United States leverage different racial “strategies of action” (Swidler, 1986), including white acculturation and black appropriation. In the conclusion, the author suggests a third strategy: brown solidarity.
Log-normal Distribution Type Symmetry Model for Square Contingency Tables with Ordered Categories
Authors: Iki Kiyotaka
Published: June 2018

For the analysis of square contingency tables with the same row and column ordinal classications, this article proposes a new model which indicates that the log-ratios of symmetric cell probabilities are proportional to the difference between log-row category and log-column category. The proposed model may be appropriate for a square ordinal table if it is reasonable to assume an underlying bivariate log-normal distribution. Also, this article gives the decomposition of the symmetry model using the proposed model with the orthogonality of test statistics. Examples are given. The simulation studies based on bivariate log-normal distribution are given.
Analytical revisit to basics helps reduce unnecessary CT scan in children with abdominal trauma: A single institution experience
Authors: Khan Rizwan A. , Hazique Mohd , Wahab Shagufta
Published: June 2018

Introduction. CT scan is regarded as the investigation choice for accurate depiction of blunt abdominal injuries in children and is considered as an inevitable tool in the armamentarium of the clinician before deciding for conservative management of these children. However over dependence on CT scan puts the patient to many disadvantages.

The aim of this study to devise stratification criteria for the children with blunt abdominal injury and advise CT scan to the children only who really require it.

Material and methods. All the children with blunt abdominal injury were studied prospectively over a period of two years. These children underwent clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic assessment at presentation followed by CT abdomen. Efficacy of predefined clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic parameters was compared with CT scan to triage the children with intra abdominal injury.

Results. A total of 84 children were registered in the study based on final diagnosis of presence or absence of intra abdominal injury the children were divided in two groups. These groups were then compared for various clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic parameters to predict intra abdominal injury. The children having isolated abdominal injury, tenderness, raised AST, ALT and amylase and free fluid on ultrasonography were found to have more chances of intrabdominal injury (p < 0.001). These parameters were the most sensitive parameters to predict intra abdominal injury and the cumulative sensitivity of these parameters was 99.7%. The CT abdomen was negative in 74.7% of the patients.

Conclusion. Due to high negative rate of CT abdomen in children with abdominal trauma, its use as first line imaging investigation is questionable in all the children with abdominal trauma. We suggest that by utilizing clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic parameters, the children at risk of intra abdominal injuries can identified with almost 100% accuracy mandating the use of CT scan only in these children.
Results of treatment of children with femoral neck fractures
Authors: Bortulev Pavel I. , Baskov Vladimir E. , Barsukov Dmitry B. , Pozdnikin Ivan Y. , Ovsyankin Anatoliy V. , Drozdetsky Alexey P. , Bortuleva Oksana V. , Baskaeva Tamila V. , Kostomarova Ekaterina A.
Published: June 2018

Introduction. Femoral fractures in children remain a topical problem because of the risk and frequency of severe complications, such as aseptic necrosis of the femoral head that causes deforming coxarthrosis and early disabilities. This type of injury accounts for approximately 1% of all skeletal bone fractures in childhood. In 80% of the cases, the cause of femoral neck fracture is severe trauma, but in 15% of patients, the fracture occurs despite inadequate trauma during physiologically normal activity of the child. With femoral neck fractures without stable osteosynthesis, consolidation of bone fragments occurs extremely rarely, and a long period of immobilization during conservative treatment is accompanied by a risk of complications caused by hypodynamia.

Aim. To conduct a retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of different types of fracture of the femoral neck in children.

Materials and methods. We analyzed surgical treatment results of 5 children aged 10 to 17 years (4 boys, 1 girl) with different types of femoral neck fractures according to the Delbet and Colonna classification. The cause of the fractures in all 5 children was high-energy trauma. All patients, depending on the type of fracture, underwent a closed repositioning with osteosynthesis of the fragments using metal constructions (cannulated screws, DHS plate). Follow-up observations were performed ≤7 years after the surgical treatment.

Results. Restoration of the hip joint function, absence of pain syndrome, absence of complications, and complete social adaptation was achieved in all cases.

Conclusion. Femoral neck fractures are subject to immediate surgical treatment because there is a high risk of aseptic necrosis of the head of the femur. With the correct technical performance, it is possible to achieve stable, positive, functional, and radiologic long-term results.
Congenital contracture of the iliotibial tract: a case report
Authors: Garkavenko Yuriy E. , Krasnogorskiy Ivan N. , Dolgiev Bahauddin H.
Published: June 2018

Introduction. Congenital contracture of the iliotibial tract is a rather rare pathology that causes difficulties in diagnosing and planning treatment activities. The lack of a clear idea of the causes of the disease has led to disagreement in the interpretation of the diagnosis in patients with this pathology. In the Russian-language literature, this disease is referred to as idiopathic extension and abduction contracture of a hip joint or idiopathic contracture of the dorsal gluteal muscle (a congenital contracture of the tendons of the dorsal gluteal muscles), whereas the English-language literature more often highlights congenital or idiopathic contracture of the dorsal gluteal muscles.

Clinical сase. The results of treatment of a 6-year-old child with congenital contracture of the iliotibial tract is presented. The child exhibited lameness when walking first started, but the correct diagnosis was not established. Clinically, along with the limitation of adduction and extension in the hip joint and an induration of the soft tissue along the external surface of the right thigh, the pelvis was skewed, and there was shortening of the right lower limb and a valgus deformity of diaphysis of the right femoral bone. Ultrasonographic and magnetic resonance imaging indicated the presence of a fibrous bridle over the outer surface of the right thigh. The fibrous bridle was excised for 15 cm, and a temporary hemiepiphysiodesis of the medial portion of the distal growth zone of the right femur was performed.

Results and discussion. At the 1-year control examination, the patient did not present any complaints. There was no relapse of the contracture. According to X-ray study results, correction of the valgus deformity of the right femur was achieved, and the metal structures were removed. Despite the more frequent extension and abduction direction of the contracture of the iliotibial tract indicated by most authors, the direction and severity apparently may depend on the predominant zone of fibrous degeneration of the muscle groups. Additionally, with the predominant lesion of the dorsal gluteal muscle, a more pronounced extension component can be expected, whereas with the predominant lesion of the musculus tensor fasciae latae, a flexion component can be expected and was observed in our patient.
An Exploratory Study of Western Orchestration: Patterns through History
Authors: Chon Song Hui , Huron David , DeVlieger Dana
Published: June 2018

Changes in instrument combination patterns in Western classical orchestral music are traced over a three hundred year period from 1701 to 2000. Using a stratified sample of sonorities from 180 orchestral works by 147 composers, various empirical analyses are reported. These include analyses of instrumentation presence, instrument usage, ensemble size, common instrument combinations, instrument clusterings, and their changes over time. In addition, the study reports associations of different instruments with various dynamic levels, different tempos, pitch class doublings, affinities between instruments and chord factors, as well as interactions between pitch, dynamics, and tempo. Results affirm many common intuitions and historical observations regarding orchestration, but also reveal a number of previously unrecognized patterns of instrument use.
"Solutions in Search of a Problem": Commentary on Videira and Rosa (2017)
Authors: Savage Patrick E.
Published: June 2018

This commentary offers a review of Videira and Rosa's attempt to construct and validate an online corpus of fado transcriptions. While I support their application of music information retrieval (MIR) tools to diverse musical repertoires, I fear that a lack of clarity in their goals leads them to fall into the trap of finding "solutions in search of a problem" that is common in computational ethnomusicology. I highlight ways in which I believe they could improve future work on this project, including: 1) more interdisciplinary collaboration, 2) more clarity in their goals, and 3) the use of corpora and tools that are more suitable for comparing the symbolic data contained in their database of musical transcriptions.
Commentary on Polak How short is the shortest metric subdivision?
Authors: Friberg Anders
Published: June 2018

This commentary relates to the target paper by Polak on the shortest metric subdivision by presenting measurements on West-African drum music. It provides new evidence that the perceptual lower limit of tone duration is within the range 80-100 ms. Using fairly basic measurement techniques in combination with a musical analysis of the content, the original results in this study represents a valuable addition to the literature. Considering the relevance for music listening, further research would be valuable for determining and understanding the nature of this perceptual limit.
Preliminary Understanding of Complexities in Swimming Performance of Common Minnow (Cyprinidae) Taxa
Authors: Nichols Crystal , Smith Austin , Huelsman Stephen , Schemmel Cara , Doll Jason C. , Jacquemin Stephen J.
Published: June 2018

Understanding swimming performance of native freshwater fishes has implications for ecology, conservation, and management. In particular, this type of information has practical importance for improving the understanding of fish dispersal, occurrence, migration, and invasive potential. The objective of this study was to characterize swimming performance of 2 taxa from the comparatively understudied minnow family (Cyprinidae) and test for potential drivers as a function of total length, sex, habitat, morphology, or some combination. The study assessed Spotfin Shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera; n = 66) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus; n = 24) populations from an ontogenic range of male and female individuals from lentic and lotic habitats in Indiana and Ohio. Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection identified the most parsimonious linear regression model to predict swimming performance of Spotfin Shiner and Bluntnose Minnow independently. Overall, larger Spotfin Shiners were superior swimmers compared with smaller individuals. In both species, individuals having more streamlined heads and elongated caudal regions were better swimmers. Additionally, Spotfin Shiners that were collected from lotic environments were generally better swimmers than individuals from lentic environments. Models did not recover sex-specific effects in either species—or meaningful total length, or habitat effects, in Bluntnose Minnows. Overall, this study provides evidence of a complex series of swimming performance covariates when assessing or understanding performance. This has implications for aquatic population, assemblage, and community ecology as well as management and conservation efforts.
How to Reasonably Control the Project Cost
Authors: Shao Xuhua , Li Yayong , Yang Runbing , Chen Chunhui
Published: June 2018

In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s social economy, significant advances have also been made in the field of construction engineering. At the same time, with the advancement of urbanization and the increase in the demand for the construction of various infrastructure and service facilities, the number of construction projects has continued to increase. In project construction, project cost control plays a vital role. Implementing effective cost control measures at all stages of the project is an important task to ensure the company's economic benefits. Hereon, this article focuses on the importance of project cost, the factors that affect the cost control, and the related measures to reasonably control the cost at various stages of the project. It is hoped that this will have a certain reference value and will contribute to the improvement of project cost management and control.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of general practitioners about use of antiviral drugs in viral infections other than HIV
Authors: Beri Shirish G. , Bhide Harshavardhan S. , Dhande Priti P. , Raman Aishwarya
Published: June 2018

Background: Antiviral drugs for viral infections other than HIV are effective only for hepatitis, herpes and influenza. It has been observed that general practitioners (GPs) treat viral infections with antibiotics. The use of antibiotics in viral infections is not rational. Hence, authors conducted this study to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of General Practitioners (GPs) about treatment of viral infections other than HIV.Methods: It was a descriptive, observational, cross- sectional study among 100 GPs in Southern Pune. A pretested questionnaire was used to assess their knowledge, attitude and practices about treatment of viral infections other than HIV. Prior informed written consent was taken from the GPs who were grouped under MBBS, BHMS and BAMS categories according to their qualifications. Correct answers among these groups were analysed using chi-square test, Spearman’s coefficient test and ANOVA.Results: The percentages of correct answers in the groups were comparable.56% GPs have poor knowledge of Influenza treatment.30-36% do not treat Herpes genitalis and zoster with antiviral drugs. Authors found that 44%, 30% and 28% of total GPs don’t have proper knowledge, attitude and practice respectively about common viral infections other than HIV and antiviral drugs.Conclusions: GPs are significantly unaware about rational use of antiviral drugs. They have poor knowledge about management of influenza.
Epidemiological study of burns registered in Fatemi hospital in Ardabil, 2016
Authors: Zakeri Anahita , Amani Firouz , Abbasi Vahid
Published: June 2018

Background: Burns after traffic accidents, falls and interpersonal violence are the fourth most commonly damaged worldwide. Annually more than 11 million people suffered to sever burns that most of them need for interventions and according WHO statistics, yearly more than 300000 people die from fire-related burns and most of them occurred in low income countries. The aim of this study was Epidemiological study of burns registered in Fatemi hospital in Ardabil, 2016.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study has been done on 200 burns registered in burn unit of Fatemi hospital in 2016. Information included age, sex, residence place (urban-rural), marital status, time and area of burn, percent and degree of burn, cause and mechanism of burn, hospitalized time and result of treatment completed by a checklist and analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 19.Results: Of all patients, 118 (59%) were male, 62.5% rural and 50% single. Most of burns occurred in age group less than 10 with 33%. The most common cause of burns was hot liquids with 51.5%. Most of cases had burn in degree 2 (71%) and 53.5% of cases hospitalized five days in hospital. 93.5% of patients improved and discharged.Conclusions: Results showed that most of burns in this study occurred in age group less than 10 year. So, that it is necessary to prevent these events in future by taking the necessary measures and control and prevention by families.
A study to assess body mass index and pattern of physical activity among the government employees working at different organizations of Gwalior city
Authors: Mahore Rakesh Kumar , Tiwari Ranjana , Bansal Manoj , Gupta Rajesh , Sharma Vikash , Tiwari Sakshi
Published: June 2018

Background: The obesity can be defined simply as the disease in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected. Physical activity is a key determinant of energy expenditure, and thus is fundamental to energy balance and weight control. Aims and objectives was to assess the BMI and physical activity among government employees working in different organizations of Gwalior city.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study. Five different government organizations were selected and from each organization 60 participants were selected randomly. A pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured interview based questionnaire was used for data collection from different participants. WHO BMI classification was used to classify participants.Results: In the present study 44% of the study participants were overweight/ pre-obese while 8.33% and 1.33% were in Obese Class I and Obese Class II respectively. 40.67% were doing physical exercise. The most common type of physical exercise was walking or jogging 72.13%.Conclusions: It was concluded that despite the known fact that obesity could have negative impact on the work capacity and physical fitness, only 40.67% were doing some physical exercise. Employees should be motivated to do daily exercise for the duration of at least 30 minutes.
ACDC: a simple app for abdominal wall closure data collection
Authors: Kothari Reena , Mukati Prachir , Sharma Dhananjaya
Published: June 2018

Background: With the aims of getting evidence-based guidelines and decision making, well supported by strong, high quality data. We have developed an easy surgeon friendly mobile app which can be customized to the need by just decoding it.Methods: We have use this app to analyze the outcomes of midline rectus sheath closure with different techniques and different sutures in terms of SSI, wound dehiscence, suture knot granuloma, burst abdomen and incisional hernia(IH). All the details regarding patient’s demographic status, surgical technique, suture used and follow up were recorded in the form of EDC (Electronic Data Collection) with the mobile app.Results: Total 595 cases with mean age 48 years underwent midline closure. The most preferred technique was continuous running technique with polypropylene suture (54.1%) followed by herringbone technique with polypropylene suture (27.7%), continuous running technique with polyglactin suture (18. 2%).The incidence of IH was 4.05% with continuous running technique with polypropylene suture. The data of desired variables can be accessed easily just by few clicks.Conclusions: This mobile app is reliable, fast, cost effective, and generates a credible and valid data along with the basic statistical analysis.
The effectiveness of music therapy treatment to decrease the post-partum blues symptom at private practice midwife (BPM) in the working region of public health center (Puskesmas) IV South Denpasar
Authors: Witari N. N. Deni , G. A. Martha Winingsih
Published: June 2018

Background: The failure of post-partum mother in adapting to physical and emotional change oftentimes causes psychological disorder such as sadness, exasperation, tiredness, anger, and despair. At Denpasar City, the prevalence of post-partum blues depression based on EPDS score is 20.5%. Music therapy is an alternative to decrease emotional disturbance because music that enters pituitary gland could give response towards emotion through negative feedback on adrenal gland to suppress the release of stress hormones.Methods: The method which used in this research was quasi-experiment design with the framework of one group pre-test-post-test design on post-partum mothers in the seventh day after normal labor and did not experience hearing loss. The pre-test utilized EPDS questionnaire, if there had been a symptom of post-partum blues, they were given Mozart classical music therapy for 7 days and evaluated by questionnaire on the 14th day.Results: From the research on 30 post-partum blues sufferers, prior to the treatment of classical music therapy, it was found that the majority which was 24 respondents (80%) showed mild symptom with the mean value of 7.4. After the treatment of Mozart classical music, almost half of them or 11 respondents (36.7%) did not show post-partum blues symptom with the mean value of 1.4. There is an impact of Mozart classical music therapy treatment toward the decrease of post-partum blues symptom with the P value=0.00.Conclusions: In conclusion, Mozart classical music therapy is effective to decrease the post-partum blues symptom from the scale of 7.4 to 1.4 with p value (0.000).
A study of inguinal hernia in children
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Prasad Vijay Shankar
Published: June 2018

Background: Inguinoscrotal swellings are one of the commonest anomalies in infancy and childhood throughout the world. Delay in diagnosis and treatment leads to loss of testis, ovaries or portion of bowel to incarceration or strangulation. This study was undertaken to evaluate the age, sex and sidewise distribution and the complications like incarceration, strangulation and gonadal infarction.Methods: A total of 50 children were selected ranging in age from new born to 12 years presenting with inguinoscrotal swelling which were examined, followed up and managed.Results: The inguinal hernia was most common among male children (92%) thereby giving a ratio of M: F=11.5:1. The children were aged new born -12 years and most of the patients presented around 2 to 7(46%) years and prematurity noticed in 10% of cases. Right sided (64%) inguinal hernia was more common than left (28%). In this study indirect hernia is 98% and direct is 2%. In 16 cases of hydrocele, 10 were on the left side and 6 were on the right and 6 cases were encysted hydrocele. High ligation at the level of deep ring was done in all the cases. In this series of 50 children, there were 2 cases of incarceration. But none had strangulation and gonadal infarction.Conclusions: Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition in children. Elective surgery is associated with minimal complications. Incarceration is more common in infancy with chances of recurrence if explored in emergency.
Morbidity and mortality of infant of diabetic mothers
Authors: Aziz Abdul , Annamalai Thumjaa , Ahmed M. Shafath
Published: June 2018

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder due to either insulin deficiency (relative or absolute) or due to peripheral tissue resistance to the action of insulin. Women are classified into those who were known to have diabetes before pregnancy as Pregestational or overt, and those diagnosed during pregnancy as Gestational. The study was conducted in infants born to diabetic mothers focusing on the morbidity and mortality of the neonates.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out in the Neonatal Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital from July 2014 to July 2015. The study population comprises of 65 Neonates of mothers diagnosed to have gestational diabetes mellitus or overt diabetes mellitus. Screening and appropriate investigations was done for the neonates.Results: 65 neonates of Infants of Diabetic Mother were studied, 48(73.85%) were born to mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and 17 (26.15%) were born to mothers with Overt Diabetes Mellitus. The most common morbidity in neonate born to GDM mothers compared to overt DM mothers was hyperbilirubinemia (52.08%), hypoglycaemia (50%), polycythemia (43.75%). Ventricular septal defect (17.65%) was the most common cardiac finding in overt DM mothers. P values (0.05%) were significant for hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycaemia and polycythemia when compared with infants of GDM mothers and overt DM mothers. There was no mortality in present study.Conclusions: The occurrence of morbidities and mortality were more significant in the infants of GDM mothers when compared to overt DM mothers who had good glycemic control before and during the pregnancy.
Comparative study of clinico-biochemical profile and outcome of acute kidney injury in outborn and inborn neonates
Authors: Kumar Nayan , Karnawat B. S. , Badaya Navneet
Published: June 2018

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is one of the major clinical problem in hospitalised neonates having variable outcomes. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis, associated risk factors and type of renal failure. The present study was undertaken to evaluate and compare risk factors, biochemical derangements and outcome of AKI in outborn and inborn neonates.Methods: For this hospital based prospective study 100 neonates were enrolled who were admitted in the NICU, diagnosed as AKI who had serum creatinine >1.5mg/dl. Study was done for 1 year from June 2016 onwards.Results: A large majority (72.3%) cases were outborn neonates (extramural) whereas (27.7%) cases were inborn neonates (intramural). Most of (79.8%) cases were term and were admitted during summer months. In outborn, type of AKI in descending order was prerenal (64.7%), renal (33.8%) and postrenal (1.5%) while in inborn neonates, cases were equally (50%) divided in between renal and prerenal. Among outborn neonates risk factors for AKI was dehydration (44%), sepsis (28%) and shock (16%) whereas in inborn, perinatal asphyxia (31%), dehydration (27%), shock (23%) and sepsis (11.5%) were risk factors. In outborn 36.8% cases were oliguric whereas in inborn 53.9% cases were oliguric.Conclusions: The maximum cases of AKI were outborn neonates in which outborn dehydration was the commonest cause while in inborn neonates perinatal asphyxia was the commonest cause. Sepsis and shock were other causes in both groups. Presence of oliguria, intrinsic AKI and shock carried poor prognosis.
A study to assess the nutritional status of children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and its correlation with breast feeding at a tertiary health care centre
Authors: Sampagar Abhilasha , Lakhkar Bhavana , Sampagar Ashok , Wagha Jayanth
Published: June 2018

Background: Cleft lip with or without cleft palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies. In 2008, the World Health Organization included cleft lip and palate in their Global Burden of Disease initiative. The incidence of cleft lip and palate in India is enormous: one in 781 live births. The growth of children with these deformities is often impaired in comparison to healthy children. Several studies describe a growth lag in either weight or height of cleft children. The objective of the study was to observe the nutritional status of children with cleft lip and/or cleft palate and its correlation with breastfeeding.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics, AVBRH Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha for the period of two years from August 2010 to March 2012. All children below 15 years with cleft lip and/or palate admitted in the pediatric ward, NICU or postnatal ward were included in the study. A Total  of 200 children were included in the study and analyzed.Results: Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. The commonest type of defect was both the defects present together (62%) which was significantly more than individual defects (א2=23.98, p<0.0001). It was followed by isolated cleft lip (25.5%) and isolated cleft palate (12.5%). Malnutrition was more common in children who were deprived of breast milk (χ2=22.61, Significant). Significantly more children (69.6%) below the age group of 5 yrs were malnourished. (χ2=16. Significant).Conclusions: Our results confirm that, malnutrition is more prevalent in children with orofacial clefts. Lack of breast feeding is a significant contributor to severe malnutrition and recurrent infections in these children.
Clinical profile and neuropsychological assessment of childhood absence epilepsy: a descriptive study
Authors: K. Vindhiya , V. Viswanathan , Balaji Padma
Published: June 2018

Background: The objectives of the study was to observe the clinical profile and neuropsychological assessment of childhood absence epilepsy.Methods: Children attending Neurology Department of tertiary care hospital diagnosed with Childhood Absence Epilepsy underwent validated structured proforma. Neuropsychological assessment included IQ, Behaviour and learning disability. Comparison was made between group with mono and dual therapy.Results: Number of children studied was 29 with mean age of 6.24years. 20 (68.9%) children were treated with Sodium Valproate. 9 (31.1%) required add on therapy with Lamotrigine. Seizures were well controlled in all children. Mean IQ derived was 101.6 which mean average IQ.  Mean CBCL was 25.1 indicating increased behavior problems. There was significant co morbidity like Inattentiveness in 18 (62.1%), Inadequate language ability in 14 (48.3%), Inadequate arithmetic ability in 12 (41.4%) and visual memory was Inadequate in 9 (31%).Conclusions: Though Children with Absence Epilepsy has average or above average IQ, it is associated with significant co-morbidity which if addressed early can improve the long-term outcome. IQ and behavior has statistically significant association with the numbers of drugs.
Donor blood wastage: a study from blood bank Chamba (H.P)
Authors: Arora Ishan , Singh Shairoly , Singh Shireen
Published: June 2018

Background: Blood and its components are very important for human life as there is no substitute for human blood. No major surgical procedure can be performed without the use of blood in any hospital or clinic. Ideally in a good set up, wastage of blood and blood products should never occur. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of blood wastage in our blood bank, reasons for the wastage, and to cut down blood wastage to a minimal amount by adopting new methods and techniques.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in Department of Blood Bank of Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Govt. Medical College, Chamba (H.P) over a time period of one year from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2017.Results: In our study period, there were 35 discarded blood units due to various reasons forming 3.52% of total discard. Majority of units were discarded due to expiry (51.4%).Conclusions: Our study found expiry/outdated units to be most common reason for discard (51.4%). This kind of wastage may be reduced by better management of blood bag collection, storage and utilization. TTI was another significant reason for blood discard in our blood bank (14.28%). We can bring down the number of discard units by proper training and educating our blood bank staff. Strict adherence to donor selection criteria and proper past medical history should be obtained from blood donors.
Awareness about mother and child health services among tribal women of reproductive age group in Kurnool division of Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Biyyala Renuka Biyyala , Reddy Moola Ram Sagar , Arepalli Sreedevi
Published: June 2018

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity continue to be high in tribal areas despite the existence of various national programmes in India especially due to lack of awareness about MCH services among tribal women. This study was planned with the aim of assessing the knowledge of married tribal women of reproductive age group about MCH services.Methods: This community based longitudinal study was carried out in January to June 2014 in Bairluti, tribal area at Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh. 168 married women of reproductive age group were selected by simple random sampling. All the participants were interviewed using a predesigned pretested semi structured questionnaire.Results: Awareness about vitamin A supplementation, family planning temporary methods, birth waiting homes, JSY, 108 services was observed to be poor among participants. Awareness about postnatal services, institutional delivery, family planning permanent methods was found to be inadequate. Whereas more than 50% of the study subjects had knowledge regarding antenatal services, home delivery by trained person, complete immunization and feeding practices. Health workers and family members were the major source of information. Literacy status had statistically significant association with knowledge about MCH services. Statistically significant improvement in awareness is observed after educational intervention.Conclusions: Knowledge of tribal women about MCH services was observed to be inadequate. Maternal literacy plays a key role in better utilization of MCH services. IEC activities with health education sessions will help to increase awareness.
Modernization on Two Times and Its Influence in Current Religiosity
Authors: Coutinho José Pereira
Published: June 2018

Abstract: this article develops modernization in two times. First, the processes underlying the first modernisation are addressed. Second, it is discussed the theoretical contributions related to the second modernisation, focused on its influence on contemporary religiosity. The first modernisation was characterized by the centrality of reason and the individual. The second modernisation is distinguished by the importance of the individual and the risk. In institutional religion or in individual spirituality solutions can be found to extreme individualism and for global risks, for meaninglessness and for urban isolation.Modernização em Dois Tempos e sua Influência na Religiosidade ActualResumo: este artigo desenvolve a modernização em dois tempos. Primeiro, abordam-se os processos subjacentes à primeira modernização. Segundo, abordam-se os contributos teóricos relativos à segunda modernização, focada na sua influência na religiosidade actual. A primeira modernização caracterizou-se pela centralidade da razão e do indivíduo. A segunda modernização distingue-se pela importância do indivíduo e do risco. Na religião institucional ou na espiritualidade individual podem encontrar-se soluções para o individualismo extremado como para os riscos globais, para a falta de sentido e para o isolamento urbano.
Consumption and Religion in the Modern World: Pleasure, Insecurity and Transcendence
Authors: Meireles Tiago , Lemes Fernando Lobo , Bonome José Roberto
Published: June 2018

Abstract: one of the most intense competitors of religion to propose mechanisms for explanation of reality is the sphere of consumption. For the consumer, for the faithful religious or both, there's always something new lurking, an experience of joy, a feeling of happiness only for her to take over. In the case of the faith which, the individual experiences a worldview that empties the sense of suffering and anticipates the overcoming your mortal condition to the present time. This strategy of transcendence waives the hopes placed in the distant future in order to substantiate a multitude of individual experiences of pleasure. From that perspective, this article intends to verifier the correspondences and affinities between the sphere of consumption and religious dynamics, indicating equivalence within the religious field about the bringing the new age and the new Pentecostalism Brazilian movement.Consumo e Religião no Mundo Moderno: prazer, precariedade e transcendênciaDentre os mais intensos concorrentes da religião na tarefa de propor mecanismos de explicação da realidade está a esfera do consumo. Para o consumidor, para o fiel religioso ou para ambos, há sempre algo novo à espreita, uma experiência de gozo desconhecida, uma sensação de felicidade única para dela se apossar. No caso da fé neopentecostal, o indivíduo experimenta uma visão de mundo que esvazia o sentido do sofrimento e antecipa a superação de sua condição mortal para o tempo presente. Tal estratégia de transcendência renuncia as esperanças postas num futuro distante a fim de fundamentar-se num sem número de experiências pontuais de prazer. A partir dessa perspectiva, este artigo pretende verificar correspondências e afinidades existentes entre a esfera do consumo e a dinâmica religiosa, indicando equivalências dentro do próprio campo religioso no que diz respeito à aproximação entre o movimento Nova Era e o movimento neopentecostal no Brasil.
The Secularization of Power in the Low Middle Ages: Marsilius of Padua Amongst Ancient and Medieval Authors
Authors: Santos Igor Moraes , Veyl Raul Salvador Blasi
Published: June 2018

Abstract: the paper intends to analyze the thought of Marsilius of Padua and its correlation to the Classic Antiquity’s authors, more specifically Aristoteles and Cicero, in the defense of a secular State. Bringing a characteristic colorful of the low-Middle Ages’ authors and also a different perspective compared to what had been written by the Middle Age’s philosophers, Marsilius, from the resumed of classic authors, is going to entice blunt theorizations about freedom and political power of his age, opening space to modern debates about State’s secularization. In this way, we aim to understand in which way the Antiquity thought influenced his thoughts and how Marsilius built his writings in a different perspective of that seen in the Middle Ages. In a dialogue between Antiquity and Middle Ages, we intent to explore the formation of Marislius’ thoughts and his contributions to a Lay State, neuralgic point to shaping the Modernity.A Secularização do Poder no Baixo Medievo: Marsílio de Pádua entre os Antigos e os MedievaisResumo: o presente trabalho pretende analisar o pensamento de Marsílio de Pádua e suas correlações com autores da Antiguidade Clássica, mais especificamente Aristóteles e Cícero, na defesa de um Estado secular. Trazendo um colorido característico dos autores do Baixo Medievo e um uma perspectiva diversa daquela até então percebida pelos filósofos da Idade Média, Marsílio vai, a partir da retomada de pensadores clássicos, ensejar contundentes teorizações a respeito da liberdade e do poder político de sua época, abrindo espaço para os debates modernos acerca da laicização do Estado. Nesse sentido, objetiva-se entender como se deu tal influxo da Antiguidade no seu pensamento e de que modo Marsílio edificou sua obra sob uma perspectiva distinta daqueles até então formulados pelos autores da Idade Média. Num diálogo entre Antiguidade e Medievo, buscamos explorar a formação do pensamento de Marsílio de Pádua e suas contribuições para a defesa de um estado Laico, ponto chave da formação da Modernidade.
Lysistrata, Praxagora and Other Women of Aristophanes: a Political, Literary and Current Issue
Authors: Ramos da Silva Francisco Alison , Martins Vieira Francisco Jacson
Published: June 2018

Abstract: this text provides an overview of the female parts of Aristophanes. In Lysístrata (411 a. C.), Thesmophoriazusae (411 a. C.), and The Women in Parliament, (393 or 392 a. C.), the poet discusses issues of profound interest political and social according to the look of the women who make up at least one choir in each of these three works. With the exception of the second comedy, in that order given just now, the first and third are comedies in which a woman appears as main character: Lysístrata and Praxagora, respectively. Given the state of classical Athens, when the aristophanic´s texts were staged in the Theatre of Dionysus, it is vital to ask what the poet wanted to discuss political and literary´ matters in the light of gender issues. This would place him in a category of intellectual and revolutionary prime, taking his work beyond the immediate of his actuality. Lisístrata, Praxágora e Outras Mulheres de Aristófanes: uma Questão Política, Literária e Atual Resumo: este texto oferece um panorama das peças femininas de Aristófanes. Em Lisístrata (411 a. C.), Tesmoforiantes (411 a. C.) e As Mulheres no Parlamento, (393 ou 392 a. C.), o poeta discute problemas de profundo interesse político e social segundo o olhar das mulheres que formam pelo menos um coro em cada uma dessas três obras. Com exceção da segunda comédia, nessa ordem dada há pouco, a primeira e a terceira são comédias em que uma mulher surge como personagem principal: Lisístrata e Praxágora, respectivamente. Dada a situação da Atenas clássica, quando os textos aristofânicos eram encenados no Teatro de Dioniso, é vital que se questione o que pretendia o poeta ao discutir assuntos políticos e literários à luz de questões de gênero. Isso o colocaria numa categoria intelectual e revolucionária privilegiada, levando sua obra para além da realidade imediata de sua atualidade. Palavras-chave: Mulheres; Aristófanes; comédia; atualidade política; literatura.
Особенности организации продаж и маркетинга ведущих транснациональных автомобильных корпораций
Authors: Исаев Анварбек Асельдерович
Published: June 2018

В статье рассматриваются три современные особенности организации продаж и маркетинга ведущих транснациональных автомобильных корпораций: изменение географии рынка автомобильной продукции, изменение структуры производства продукции на мировом рынке автомобильной продукции, трансформация маркетинговых подходов к организации продаж транснациональных автомобильных корпораций на мировом автомобильном рынке.
Исследование тенденций и частоты использования нетарифных мер во внешнеэкономической деятельности на примере технических барьеров во внешней торговле
Authors: Дробот Елена Валерьевна , Ивко Екатерина Сергеевна
Published: June 2018

Статья посвящена исследованию понятия технических барьеров во внешней торговле. Авторами проведен анализ тенденций и частоты использования технических барьеров в странах ВТО и ЕАЭС. На основе SWOT-анализа выделены положительные и отрицательные стороны применения технических барьеров.
Оценка влияния внешних и внутренних факторов на повышение устойчивого развития предприятий по производству минеральных удобрений
Authors: Савойская Елена Васильевна
Published: June 2018

В статье представлены результаты анализа актуальных проблем компаний по производству минеральных удобрений. Обоснованы пути улучшения инвестиционного климата, выявлены возможности сокращения рисков для обеспечения устойчивого развития компаний. Методологические результаты исследования могут быть полезны в качестве рекомендаций для определения приоритетных направлений экономической устойчивости компаний промышленного комплекса.
Rehabilitation and Renewal of Mediterranean Structures. The Utopic Landscape of Algarve
Authors: Bragança dos Santos Carlos
Published: June 2018

One of the remarkable features of Mediterranean landscapes is the terraced land frame, usually supported by dry stone walling. The terraces, property division walls, pathways and traditional paths design a network compartmentalization that defines landscape identity. The informational content, aesthetic quality, ecological and cultural values allowed by this articulated construction are particularly important at coastal zones with intense human impact. On the Algarve, the hills displayed by such structures form the background scenario of an urban-touristic system. This paper aims to interrelate ecological, aesthetic, symbolic, socio-economic and political aspects that influence the spatial distribution and image of the terraces. The values that local people may assign to their landscapes will determine the acknowledgement of the structural elements under analysis, but the role of tourists must be seriously take into account. Beyond nostalgic solutions, one must prospect the future of the dry stone walling structure into the diversity of possible solutions for a sustainable landscape development, which enhances the living part of an inseparable unit that includes the densest urbanized areas with less ecological functions. We call such unit the urban-touristic region of Algarve and, therefore, we try to use landscape as an instrument of knowledge and acknowledgement of regional spaces.
The Mediterranean Diet and the Increasing Demand of the Olive Oil Sector: Shifts and Environmental Consequences
Authors: Neves Bruno , Pires Iva Miranda
Published: June 2018

Mediterranean countries play a crucial role as olive oil producers and consumers compared to other world regions. This work focusses on the development of the world production, trade and consumption where the Mediterranean region stands out from the rest of the world, in particular, the Northern Mediterranean countries. Aspects such as how communication emphasizes the benefits of the Mediterranean diet - which is a distinctive characteristic of the Mediterranean culture and identity - the Slow Food Movement, the International Olive Council campaigns, and the successive Common Agricultural Policies, that have triggered production, trade and consumption around the world, are here discussed. Such increases and stimuli brought and is still bringing changes to the olive oil sector such as a shifting tendency in production modes as well as modernization of the sector, responding to the increasing demand. These shifts and demand are changing landscapes and are being referred as environmentally harmful to the ecosystems as the production of olive oil is shifting to more intensive production systems and monoculture plantations. These issues are here debated and illustrated with case study examples, referring to the Mediterranean countries, particularly, referring to the Iberian Peninsula.
Social skills and behavior analysis:
Authors: Prette Zilda A. P. Del , Prette Almir Del
Published: June 2018

This paper focuses on issues that have been relatively neglected or scarcely emphasized in available literature regarding the interface between the areas of Social Skills and Behavior Analysis: (a) the contribution of the functional perspective of behavior analysis in the definition of social skills and in social competence criteria; (b) the understanding of social skills and social competence as resulting from the ontogenetic, phylogenetic and cultural selection of social behavioral patterns; and (c) the implications and potential contribution of social skills programs in the planning of cultural practices committed to survival and to quality of life in the complex contemporary society.