bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comunicación estratégica para el sector turístico sustentable
Authors: Icaza Cárdenas Cynthia Katherine , Riquero Pincay Christian Josué , Márquez Villegas Valeria Teresa
Published: September 2023

El turismo es un fenómeno que ha evolucionado desde sus inicios y esto fue posible gracias a la visión que tiene el mundo de su entorno social y experimental; además se la considera como una industria generadora de desarrollo y de empleo en la economía de un país. La comunicación integrada al marketing (CIM) nos referimos a varias herramientas donde se vinculan; la publicidad, el marketing, las relaciones públicas e incluso las ventas y la comunicación directa con el usuario o cliente final, por lo que es importante usar todos los insumos para emitir un nuevo mensaje. En este estudio se realizó una investigación descriptiva y documental, y una revisión hemerográfica. Se interpretaron los contenidos de varias páginas webs y redes sociales de las siguientes empresas: Agencia Delgado Travel, Centro de Viajes Ecuador, BM Tour, Tripadvisor. Los elementos de la imagen estudiados fueron: los títulos, subtítulos, texto, epígrafe, slogan, logotipo y el blowouts; además de la parte connotativa y denotativa de la imagen. Los resultados revelaron que el desarrollo del sector turístico amerita promover las ANP, ya que se deben aplicar diversas estrategias comunicacionales muy eficaces, efectivas.
PENTINGNYA PENGGUNAAN METODE MENGAJAR UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH MINGGU
Authors: Tarore Debby Margaret
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Christian Religious Education is needed in the role of changing the character of growth behavior of Sunday school children. Jesus considered that children are important as individuals. The importance of teaching children so that they can become individuals who act responsibly so that they find their joy and existence (Woltrestroff, 2007). The hope of a teacher can open up to Sunday school children with full trust and Christian affection (Ismail, 2002). So, a method is needed to apply the Christian Religious Education learning pattern so that the teaching process is more varied and makes the children enjoy the learning materials of God's Word. Because the Word of God is full of riches of truth that requires variety in implementing the truth of God's Word. The role of changing children's behavior is the background of the problem being studied. The method used in this research is qualitative. This research is needed to be more detailed, critical,  and explore cases (Lumintang, 2016). The framework of this discussion is the role of changing character. The results and discussion of this journal are about the influence on children, the formation of children's character, well as methods and tools for children's education.

Keywords: Christian Religious Education; role; children; method
A Hybrid Stochastic Algorithm with Domain Reduction for Discrete Structural Optimization
Authors: Al-Bazoon Mustafa , Arora Jasbir
Published: September 2023

In recent years, many nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms have been proposed in an effort to develop efficient and robust algorithms. The drawback in most of them is the large number of simulations required to obtain good designs. To reduce the number of structural analyses to reach the best design, a new two-phase algorithm is proposed and evaluated. This hybrid algorithm is based on the well-known Harmony Search (HS) algorithm and recently developed Colliding Bodied Optimization (CBO). HS analyzes and improves one design in every iteration whereas CBO generates and analyzes a new population of designs in every iteration. Based on the observed behavior of these two algorithms, a Hybrid Harmony Search - Colliding Bodies Optimization (HHC) is proposed. The first phase of HHC uses the Improved Harmony Search (IHS) algorithm. A new design domain reduction technique is also incorporated in IHS that dramatically reduces the number of possible combinations of discrete variables. This improves the performance of the IHS algorithm. The second phase uses the Enhanced Colliding Bodies Optimization (ECBO). ECBO receives final designs from the first phase to enhance them further. This makes the second phase need fewer iterations in comparison with the ECBO alone. The performance of the proposed algorithms is evaluated using some benchmark discrete structural optimization problems, although the method is applicable to continuous-variable problems as well. The results show HHC with design domain reduction to be quite effective, robust, and needs a smaller number of structural analyses to solve optimization problems in comparison with IHS, ECBO, and some other metaheuristic optimization algorithms. HHC with design domain reduction is shown to be quite robust in the sense that different runs for a problem obtain the same final design. In comparison with HIS and ECBO, HHCD reduces the number of structural analyses to find the best design to less than half. This is an important feature that leads to better confidence in the final solution from a single run of the algorithm for a problem.
Numerical Investigation of Aggregates Size and Volume Fraction on Gas Permeability of 3D Meso-Scale Concrete
Authors: Al-khazraji Hayder , Benkmoun Nathan , Choinska Marta , Khelidj Abdelhafid
Published: September 2023

In this paper, the influence of aggregate size and volume fraction on the permeability properties of meso-scale concrete is investigated. Three volume fractions of aggregates are investigated, varying from 10, 20 and 30 %. Furthermore, three aggregate sizes are examined, 10, 14, and 16 mm. In this work, numerical results provide some indications: increasing volume fraction leads to increased fracture energy, tensile stress, and crack opening. The results show that increasing crack width and decreasing volume fraction lead to an increase in gas permeability.
Effects of Paclobutrazol on Growth, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Drought Stress Condition
Authors:   Department of Crop Science, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines, Azarcon Ronalyn P. , Vizmonte, Jr. Pacifico T. ,   Department of Crop Science, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines, Agustin Ace Mugssy L. ,   Department of Crop Science, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines
Published: September 2023

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) was reported to increase grain yield of different rice ecotypes via improved tillering ability under rainfed condition. In this study, the effects of PBZ on the shoot and root growth, and water use that might have contributed to higher yield under water-limited conditions were further examined. PSB Rc14 and NSIC Rc222 were grown in pots and subjected to continuously waterlogged (CWL) and drought (DR) treatments with soil moisture content maintained at 20% from 14 days after transplanting (DAT) until maturity. PBZ concentrations (0, 250 and 500 ppm) were sprayed at the onset of water treatments (14 DAT). Results showed that drought treatment significantly altered most of the parameters indicating successful imposition of the stress with the two varieties showing almost similar responses under the two water regimes, especially during maturity. PBZ application in CWL improved tiller number and yield components at a lower concentration and consequently increased grain yield. In drought, PBZ improved tiller number (34-39) starting at 35 DAT which contributed to a higher panicle number at maturity. Additionally, PBZ did not affect the shoot and root growth but reduced water use. Furthermore, the panicle number increased which could be linked to more grain numbers per plant leading to higher grain yields. These higher grain yield and lower water use improved water use efficiency, which required higher PBZ concentration (500 ppm). Overall, PBZ improved the panicle number contributing to a higher grain yield while reducing water use, thereby boosting water use efficiency of rice under drought stress condition.
Improving Ruminant Fermentation Characteristics with Addition of Apple Pulp and Essential Oil to Silage
Authors:   Department of Animal Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666 Iran, Besharati Maghsoud , Palangi Valiollah ,   Department of Animal Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240 Turkey, Ayaşan Tugay ,   Kadirli Academy of Applied Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey, Abachi Soheila ,   Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
Published: September 2023

One of the main categories of environmental challenges are process discards including apple pulp (AP). This by-product contains nutrients making it an ideal candidate as feed additive. In this study, the potential of AP as animal feed was examined. Alfalfa silage was supplemented with fresh AP and essential oil (EO) and the in vitro effects were tested on gas production (GP), dry matter (DM), organic matter and crude protein degradability. Ensiled for 90 days, the treatments were the following: T1) alfalfa silage alone (control), T2) EO processed alfalfa silage (AE), T3) 75% alfalfa + 25% AP silage (AA1), T4) 75% alfalfa + 25% AP EO processed silage (AA1E), T5) 50% alfalfa + 50% AP silage (AA2), T6) 50% alfalfa + 50% AP and EO processed silage (AA2E), T7) 25% alfalfa + 75% AP silage (AA3) and T8) 25% alfalfa + 75% AP and EO processed silage (AA3E). It was observed that the highest BP volume for 25% AP and EO (189.64 mL/g DM) supplemented silage and the lowest for 50% AP and EO (141.07 mL/g DM) supplemented silage after 72-h incubation. The results showed that the supplementation of silage with AP at 50 and 75% levels increased BP parameters (p < 0.01). Effective DM degradability increased by adding EO and AP at 75% level (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that AP can be used in the preparation of alfalfa silage and has the potential to affect ruminal fermentation efficiency.
Influence of Azolla on the Survival of Rice Seedlings Planted under Varying Invasive Apple Snail Densities and Water Depths
Authors:   Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute Central Experiment Station, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines, Donayre Dindo King M. , Tayson Cherry E. ,   Regional Crop Protection Center, Department of Agriculture – Regional Field Office VI, Western Visayas Agricultural Research Center, Iloilo City, 5000 Philippines, Bello Gerald E. ,   Philippine Rice Research Institute Negros Station, Murcia, Negros Occidental 6129 Philippines
Published: September 2023

Utilizing azolla to manage invasive apple snail (IAS) has never been reported. Hence, in this study, an experiment was conducted at two trials to determine azolla’s influence on the survival of newly transplanted (TPR) and direct-seeded rice (DSR) seedlings planted under varying IAS densities and water depths. Three treatments (T1: rice + IAS, T2: rice + IAS + azolla and T3: rice + IAS + molluscicide), three densities of IAS (5, 10 and 15 snails/0.16 m2) and three water depths (1, 2 and 3 cm) were combined in a three-way factorial arrangement through randomized complete block design with three replications. The number of seedlings that survived and the rate of missing seedlings day-1 were measured. Results showed that the TPR’s survival at the three water depths ranged from 43 to 65.6% at 2.4 to 4.7 missing seedlings day-1 in T1, 84 to 94.8% at 0.5 to 1.4 missing seedlings day-1 in T2 and 100% at 0 missing seedlings day-1 in T3. No significant differences were observed in the survival of TPR planted in T2 and T3. Meanwhile, the DSR’s survival at all water depths and IAS densities ranged from 0 to 3.8% and 0 to 3.6% in T1, 7.4 to 26.8 and 6.5 to 27.2% in T2, respectively, and 100% in T3. DSR had 15.8 missing seedlings day-1 in T1 and 13.3 in T2. This study demonstrated that growing azolla could help increase the survival of newly-planted rice, specifically on TPR, against the potential damage of IAS.
Regrowth of Lowland Ecotype Cyperus rotundus L. in Response to Soil Depth, Shoot Clipping and Flooding Depth Interventions
Authors:   Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute Central Experiment Station, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines, Donayre Dindo King M. , Bruno Jobelle S. ,   Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute Central Experiment Station, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines, Latonio Anna Maria Lourdes S. ,   Department of Statistics, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippine, Jimenez Jessica Joyce L. ,   Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute Central Experiment Station, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines, Martin Edwin C. ,   Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute Central Experiment Station, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija 3119 Philippines
Published: September 2023

Lowland ecotype Cyperus rotundus L. (LE-CYPRO) has tubers that can grow and survive under flooded conditions. However, information on the responses of its tubers to the combination of soil depth or shoot clipping with flooding is unavailable. Two experiments were conducted to determine the germination and regrowth of LE-CYPRO tubers in response to soil depth, shoot clipping and flooding depth interventions. Experiment 1 involved pre-sprouted (PS) and non-sprouted (NS) tubers subjected to three soil depths (0, 5 and 10 cm) and three flooding depths (0, 3 and 5 cm); Experiment 2 used PS tubers subjected to shoot clipping at periods of 10, 20 and 30 days after planting (DAP) under three water conditions (saturated, early flooding and late flooding). Irrespective of soil depths, PS and NS tubers had 100% germination and regrowth without flooding (0-cm flooding depth). When planted at the soil surface (0-cm soil depth) and flooded by 3- to 5-cm, only 50 and 40% of PS while 20% of NS tubers germinated. No germination was seen on tubers buried under 5- to 10-cm soil depths and flooded by 3- to 5-cm depths. Revived PS tubers buried and flooded for 100 days at 0-, 5- and 10-cm depths had 20 to 60% germinations at 3-cm flooding depth and 20 to 70% at 5-cm flooding depth; NS tubers had 40 to 50% germinations at 3-cm flooding depth and 40% at 5-cm flooding depth. Growth variables of the weed at shoot clipping periods of 10, 20 and 30 DAP were comparable to the control under saturated conditions. Growth variables were reduced by 68 to 97.3% and 21.7 to 100% when aided by early and late flooding, respectively. This information could be used in the formulation of effective and comprehensive weed management for LE-CYPRO.
Microhabitat Preference of Strombidae in Selected Intertidal Areas of Zamboanga del Norte and Misamis Occidental, Philippines
Authors:   Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines, Pangarungan Justice Norhailyn P. , Makasiar Eloise Ann Kristine ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines, Trillo Jessah P. ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines, Moneva Carlo Stephen O. ,   Department of Biological Sciences, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to identify the microhabitat preference of Strombidae species present in selected intertidal zones of Zamboanga del Norte and Misamis Occidental. A total of 406 individuals of Strombidae were collected and identified into 15 species. Most species of Strombidae were recorded to be abundant in seagrasses (Cymodocea rotundata and Thalassia hemprichii) and in algae (Gracilaria salicornia, Ulva lactuca and Ulva intestinalis). Strombidae were also observed along rocks, muddy sand, black sand, sediments and tide pools. A Kruskal-Wallis Test showed that there was a significant difference in species abundance among different microhabitat types (H[6] = 13.46, p = 0.036). This implies that the abundance of species among different habitats was not the same. Supporting this, the Cramer’s contingency test revealed a significant association between the abundance of species to their microhabitat type with a contingency coefficient of 0.76. Canarium labiatum was observed to inhabit G. salicornia, while Canarium mutabile preferred both rocks and tide pools. Canarium urceus favored C. rotundata; Canarium (Canarium) esculentum occurred in G. salicornia and T. hemprichii. Conomurex luhuanus was observed in U. intestinalis and G. salicornia. Euprotomus aurisdianae inhabited the seagrass, while Euprotomus bulla occurred in T. hemprichii and muddy sand. Laevistrombus (Gonggonus) turturella inhabited the C. rotundata. Lastly, Lentigo lentiginosus and all Lambis species were noticed in G. salicornia. Strombidae preferred both seagrasses and algae apparently because these microhabitat types serve as food and nutrient sources to these species.
Effects of Refrigeration, Freezing and Blast Freezing on Quality of Raw Cow’s Milk
Authors:   Institute of Animal Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines, Moreno Ma. Czarina R. , Emata Olivia C. ,   Institute of Animal Science, Dairy Training and Research Institute, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna 4031 Philippines
Published: September 2023

In the Philippines, milk production is often inconsistent due to seasonality leading to either shortage or surplus of milk. Before processing, dairy farmers and cooperatives subject their collected raw milk to low temperatures to delay the deterioration of milk quality. This process is performed to prevent profit loss, reduce food waste and generate a sustainable supply chain. The study determined the effects of refrigeration, freezing and blast freezing on preserving the quality of raw cow’s milk before processing. Chemical, foaming, microbial and sensory characteristics were determined to compare the effect of each treatment. Milk samples were refrigerated at 4 °C for 12 h (RM), frozen at -18 °C for 16 h (FM), and blast frozen at -40 °C for 10 h (BFM). Before conducting the analyses, FM and BFM were thawed at 4 °C for 22 and 16 h, respectively. Fat (4.07%) and protein (2.97%) significantly decreased in FM while moisture, total solids, titratable acidity and pH did not significantly differ among treatments. The foam value and foam volume were significantly higher in RM (88.00% and 86.33 mL) and BFM (91.58% and 89.75 mL), respectively. BFM had the lowest counts of aerobic microorganisms (5.16 log10 CFU/mL), coliforms (1.38 log10 CFU/mL), and Escherichia coli (< 1.00 log10 CFU/mL). Milk samples were pasteurized at 63 °C for 30 min before the conduct of the sensory analysis. Sensory characteristics did not significantly differ among treatments. From the results, blast freezing can be generally considered the most viable solution for storing raw cow’s milk before processing.
Effect of Indigenous Processing by Obu Manuvu on the Anti-nutrient and Nutrient Factors of Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Chemistry, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, 8022 Philippines, Lorilla Aaron P. , Fronteras Jennifer P. ,   Department of Food Science and Chemistry, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, 8022 Philippines, Chavez Belfred Bryan G. ,   Department of Food Science and Chemistry, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, 8022 Philippines, Villame Rovi Gem E. ,   Department of Food Science and Chemistry, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, 8022 Philippines, Alviola IV Pedro A. ,   School of Management | Wildlife-human Interaction Studies, Ecological Research, and Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Davao City, 8022 Philippines
Published: September 2023

Anti-nutrient factors are secondary plant metabolites that can adversely affect the full utilization of nutrients in plant-based food products. However, the level of these antinutrients can be reduced by the application of various food processing methods. This study determined the effect of indigenous processing by the Obu Manuvu in Sitio Ladian, Marilog District, Davao City, Philippines on the anti-nutrient factors, proximate composition and mineral content of taro. The indigenous process involves soaking and boiling of taro, which is then stuffed in bamboo tubes to make ‘linutlut na gabi.’ The anti-nutrients analyzed in this study were tannin, cyanogenic glycoside and oxalate. Results showed a significant reduction amounting to 66.67, 98.08 and 91.74% for these anti-nutrients, respectively. The indigenous processing also showed a significant effect on the proximate composition of taro, specifically on the moisture (13.06% increase) and crude ash (2.45% increase) contents. For crude fat, crude fiber and crude protein contents, no significant changes were observed. For the mineral analyses, it was found that iron and manganese increased by 152.45 and 26.32%, respectively, after indigenous processing. Moreover, no significant changes were observed in the zinc and calcium contents of taro after indigenous processing. Hence, the processing method of the Obu Manuvu was effective in decreasing the anti-nutrient content, particularly tannin, cyanogenic glycoside and oxalate. This also improved the nutrient profile of taro as shown by the increase in iron and manganese. This study could be used for future dietary interventions to address issues of malnutrition and food safety.
In Vitro Multiplication of Eucalyptus pilularis and Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla (Urograndis Eucalypt): Effect of Light Quality in Temporary Immersion Bioreactor
Authors:   Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil, Souza Denys Matheus Santana Costa , Martins Andressa Rosa ,   Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil, Fernandes Sérgio Bruno ,   Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil, Avelar Maria Lopes Martins ,   Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil, Molinari Letícia Vaz ,   Department of Phytopathology, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil, Gonçalves Douglas Santos ,   Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil, Brondani Gilvano Ebling ,   Department of Forestry Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
Published: September 2023

Light quality is an important factor for in vitro development of explants in a bioreactor system. Based on the need to optimize, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro multiplication of Eucalyptus pilularis and urograndis eucalypt using different light quality in a temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB) system. Different spectral qualities on in vitro multiplication were evaluated using three light sources, namely fluorescent lamp (white light), red and blue. Shoot length, number of buds, fresh weight per explant, vigor and hyperhydricity were evaluated according to an established scoring scale at 30 days. The results showed that fluorescent white light was the most appropriate for use in the in vitro multiplication of E. pilularis, and blue light for the urograndis eucalypt clone resulting in a greater shoot length (1.46 cm; 2.41 cm), number of buds (2.25; 10.20), vigor (1.8; 1.3) and fresh weight per explant (86.9 mg; 449 mg). The results can be applied to optimize clonal microplant production on a commercial scale.
Development and Preliminary Testing of Rotary Dryer for Plantain Flour Processing Plant
Authors:   Industrial and Production Engineering Department | Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria, Olutomilola Emmanuel O. , Ayodeji Sesan P. ,   Industrial and Production Engineering Department | Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria, Adeyeri Michael K. ,   Industrial and Production Engineering Department | Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria, Fagbemi Tayo N. ,   Food Science Technology Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria, Mogaji Pius B. ,   Industrial and Production Engineering Department | Mechanical Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
Published: September 2023

Plantain postharvest losses are significant in Nigeria and efforts are focused on processing the crop into storable products to ensure its availability throughout the year. To obtain the desired flour quality and quantity, plantain must be dried for an hour at a temperature not exceeding 70 °C and then discharged without human intervention. There have been significant obstacles in plantain processing. Regular turning of plantain pulps during drying, and intimate contact between them and the hot-drying air should be ensured to retain plantain nutritional and esteem values in the flour produced. In this study, a rotary dryer was developed. The machine is capable of drying plantain within the aforementioned hour and temperature range and is suitable for use in a plantain flour processing plant. A preliminary test was conducted to assess the fabricated prototype’s functional performance and plantain particulates were able to move through the dryer. Upon varying the air-inlet aperture of the dryer from 0 to 125,680 mm2, the drying air velocity increased from 0 to 4.4 m/s. The airinlet aperture was proportional to air velocity/volume, particulate deflection within the dryer, particulate loss from the dryer and the time taken by the heater to reach the desired drying temperature. It became evident that drying air velocity/volume, deflection and particulate loss can all be influenced regardless of the blower’s speed, potentially affecting the dryer’s capacity and efficiency.
Hybrid Lighting System for Indoor Crop Production
Authors:   Department of Electronics Engineering, Batangas State University, Batangas City, 4200 Philippines, de Ocampo Anton Louise P. , Ronquillo Divina Gracia D. ,   Department of Electronics Engineering, Batangas State University, Batangas City, 4200 Philippines
Published: September 2023

Lighting systems for indoor crop production facilities face consistency, quality of lighting, and energy efficiency challenges. In this work, these challenges were addressed by developing a natural light collection system that allows sunlight to be concentrated and transmitted via optical conduits into the growing areas of an indoor crop production facility and supplementing it with artificial lighting. The daily light integral (DLI) estimator measures the natural light received while the supplemental lighting provides the additional photosynthetic photon flux to achieve the crop’s lighting requirements. Lux meter and spectrometer characterized the light sensors used to ensure accurate light measurements. The proposed system obtained a mean relative error of 1.78% between the DLI estimator and light instruments. In one testing activity, the system had collected 13.64 mol·m-2·d-1, while the artificial lighting supplemented 6.53 mol·m-2·d-1. The proposed system is vital in maintaining the DLI required by crops throughout the day.
Determination of Critical Delivery Head for Hydraulic Ram Pump
Authors:   Graduate School of Engineering, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines, Celerinos Philip Jun S. , Sanchez-Companion Kristine D. ,   Graduate School of Engineering | College of Engineering and Technology, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines
Published: September 2023

In response to the continuous price increase of electricity and diesel fuel, a hydraulic ram pump serves as an alternative water pump that can be useful for farmers and lowincome earning citizens living in mountainous areas. However, this pump was observed to have a critical delivery head to work uninterruptedly. This study conducted a field experiment of 10 design cases for drive pipe to determine the critical delivery head of the newly developed hydraulic ram pump using different pipe fittings and a 20-L disposable polycarbonate bottle as a pressure chamber. Results showed that the newly developed hydraulic ram pump reached its highest discharge efficiency of 12.83% and energy efficiency of 84.61% at 9.83 and 10.90 m critical delivery heads, respectively. Results also revealed that the critical delivery head was 86.27% linearly correlated with discharge efficiency and 46.78% linearly correlated with energy efficiency (p < 0.05). Thus, the determination of the critical delivery head provided a baseline reference in ram pump studies that only gave ranges of ratios for the drive head to the delivery head. Furthermore, the newly developed hydraulic ram pump can produce water up to 700 L a day which can be beneficial for households and smallscale agricultural farming.
Prediction of 28-day Compressive Strength of Concrete at the Job Site using Artificial Neural Network
Authors:   College of Engineering and Technology, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines, Aniñon Mary Joanne C. , Albiento Elizabeth Edan M. ,   College of Engineering and Technology, Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, 9200 Philippines
Published: September 2023

Recently, there has been a great interest in applying artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the compressive strength of concrete in various compositions. This study aimed to predict the 28-day compressive strength of concrete delivered at the job site using ANN. The datasets used to construct, train and test the ANN model were obtained experimentally by the authors. Feature importance analysis was applied to evaluate the significance of input variables on the output variable. Feature selection was employed to eliminate the least relevant features based on the importance scores to improve the model prediction performance. The results demonstrated that the ANN model could predict the 28-day compressive strength of delivered concrete with high accuracy and robustness. It was also indicated that the ANN model with feature selection outperformed the ANN model without feature selection. The R values of the ANN model with feature selection were increased by 0.76 and 1.69% in training and testing sets, respectively, compared with the model without feature selection. Furthermore, it was found that the MSE values for training and testing sets were decreased by 0.8381 and 1.8882 MPa, respectively. This study revealed that the C/A ratio was the most influential feature of the compressive strength of delivered concrete followed by the FA/CA ratio, ER, W/C ratio, slump and temperature.
Productivity of ‘Saba’ Banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) as influenced by Different Levels of NPK Fertilizer under Jasaan Soil Series
Authors:   College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines – Claveria, Claveria, Misamis Oriental 9004 Philippines, Ohagan Janes M. , Harnaiz Leonie Love A. ,   College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines – Claveria, Claveria, Misamis Oriental 9004 Philippines, Nagal Cyril John C. ,   College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines – Claveria, Claveria, Misamis Oriental 9004 Philippines, Taylaran Renante D. ,   College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines – Claveria, Claveria, Misamis Oriental 9004 Philippines, Gonzaga, Jr. Apolinario B. ,   College of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines – Claveria, Claveria, Misamis Oriental 9004 Philippines
Published: September 2023

‘Saba’ (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) is the second most grown banana in the Philippines. With the banana’s increasing demand and wider market both locally and abroad, growers need to advance and sustain farm efficiency. Among the various factors in production, plant nutrition is one of the key components for higher productivity. Hence, a field study was conducted in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, Philippines to evaluate the effects of NPK fertilizer on the banana’s productivity under the Jasaan Soil Series – a major soil dominating Claveria. In addition to T1 (no NPK), there were four varying levels of NPK fertilizer applied as treatments, namely T2 (N90-P30-K120), T3 (N135-P60-K180), T4 (N180-P120-K360) and T5 (N270-P180-K540). The results showed that T3 produced a significant difference in base girth in the 11th month and one-third girth in the 7th month, while T5 recorded the most number of suckers in the 12th, 13th and 14th months from planting. The highest level of NPK (T5) influenced the total bunch weight with 28.87 kg and yield (10.98 t/ha), while T3 obtained a significant difference in the diameter of the finger (16.04 cm). T1 showed the highest return on investment (2.03%); however, the highest level of NPK prevailed with the highest yield among all the other treatments on the main crop. Related studies are suggested to verify the sustainability of NPK fertilizer on the succeeding ratoons.
ПАРТИСИПАТИВНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ВИХОВАННЯ ЛІДЕРІВ: РЕАЛІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ШКІЛЬНОЇ ПРАКТИКИ
Authors: Гриньова Марія
Published: September 2023

У статті проаналізовано сучасний стан шкільної практики реалізації партисипативного підходу до виховання лідерів. Сфокусовано увагу на важливості професійногорозвитку педагогічних працівників задля організації взаємодії, комунікації і кооперації між учасниками освітнього процесу на партнерських засадах та розширення сфер і рівнів партисипації учнів у школі. Наголошено на високому потенціалі неформальної освіти дітей та дорослих щодо сприяння впровадженню в шкільну практику партисипативного підходу до виховання лідерів. Встановлено необхідність пошуку нових релевантних до сучасних процесів діджиталізації освіти та суспільстватехнологій реалізації партисипативного підходу до виховання лідерів. Окреслено перспективи впровадження у шкільну практику виховання лідерів е-партисипативного проєктування.
ОСВІТА ОДЕЩИНИ: ІНДЕКС БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Красножон Наталя
Published: September 2023

Статтю присвячено опису технології формування безпечного освітнього середовища.В основу технології покладено ідею організаційно-діяльнісного проєктування; запропоновано кроки конструювання фізично та психологічно безпечного освітнього середовища. Обстоюється думка, що програма чи проєкт з безпеки мають розроблятися на рівні конкретного закладу освіти і не можуть просто «переноситися» з одного закладу на інший. Обґрунтовується ідея про необхідність розроблення проєктів та програм безпечного освітнього середовища в трьох площинах: профілактична (попереджувальна) робота, дії (алгоритми дій) під час виникнення надзвичайної ситуації чи надзвичайної події, робота з наслідками.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЛОГОПЕДИЧНОЇ РОБОТИ З ДІТЬМИ З ТЯЖКИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ МОВЛЕННЯ В УМОВАХ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Маршалковська Вероніка
Published: September 2023

У статті розглядаються особливості логопедичної роботи з дітьми з тяжкими порушеннями мовлення в умовах інклюзивної освіти, особливості мовлення дітей з тяжкими порушеннями мовлення дошкільного віку, логопедична робота для подолання мовленнєвих порушень, етапи корекційно-логопедичної роботи сумісно з медициною. Говориться про те, що діти з тяжкими порушеннями мовлення потребують довготривалого, системного, індивідуального підходу в логопедичній допомозі. Логопеди в умовах інклюзивної освіти планують логопедичну роботу наступним чином: на фронтальних, підгрупових заняттях з усіма дітьми вивчають програмний матеріал, направлений на підготовку артикуляційного апарату, а на індивідуальних заняттях здійснюється корекційна робота.Діти з тяжкими порушеннями мовлення потребують довготривалої, систематичної та індивідуальної логопедичної допомоги. Автор наголошує на тому, щоб отримати успіхи в логопедичній роботі важливо дотримуватися наступних вимог: довготривала співпраця, дотримання порад спеціалістів, дотримання однієї корекційної лінії, систематична корекційно-озвиткова робота, залучення фахівців з різних сфер. Розроблено алгоритм організації роботи з немовленнєвою дитиною в інклюзивному просторі освітнього закладу.
Analysis Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation on Job Satisfaction in Logistics Service Sector: An Intelligent Neutrosophic Model
Authors: Mohamed Zenat , Ismail Mahmoud M. , Abd El-Gawad Amal F.
Published: September 2023

The success of every company relies heavily on the happiness of its workforce, and the logistics service sector is no exception. The capacity of logistics suppliers to satisfy the demands of their clients depends on the efficiency and efficacy of operations, which in turn is affected by the level of employee satisfaction. This paper aims to analyze the factors of employee satisfaction in the logistic service industry to achieve productivity and a satisfied workforce. This paper used the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology to handle various factors. The SWARA method is an MCDM method used to compute the importance of factors. The SWARA is integrated with the neutrosophic set to handle uncertain data. This paper used single-valued neutrosophic numbers to evaluate the factors by the experts. The application of the proposed methodology is conducted. We achieved the positive work ecological is essential to the success of any business, and this is especially true in the logistics service sector. When workers feel appreciated and supported, they are more likely to give their all at work, which in turn boosts output, morale, and retention. However, given that job security isn't the only element that influences employee happiness and retention, some would say that it's the least essential aspect. So this paper can aid any organization to increase productivity and employee satisfaction by showing the importance of various employee satisfaction in logistic services.
Neutrosophic MCDM Methodology for Evaluation Onshore Wind for Electricity Generation and Sustainability Ecological
Authors: Sallam Karam M. , Mohamed Ali Wagdy
Published: September 2023

The conviction in the necessity of renewable energy has been prompted by both the constantly increasing need for power production and the ecological issues of recent years. When it comes to generating power in a sustainable manner, wind is among the most essential renewable energy sources. This research attempts to present a structural technique for assessing the performance of operational onshore wind facilities with respect to the three dimensions of sustainability. The energy production, environmental effect, and practicability of onshore wind facilities are all dependent on accurate assessments. Wind resources, site accessibility, environmental impact, permitting and regulatory requirements, turbine technology, maintenance and operation, interconnection and transmission, and other criteria and factors are discussed in this research paper. Renewable energy, cost-effectiveness, dependability, and job creation are only a few of the advantages of onshore wind facilities that are mentioned. This study used the interval-valued neutrosophic set with the Weighted Sum Model (WSM) method to compute the weights of criteria and rank the alternatives. We got the wind speed and direction as the best criterion. The potential energy production of a wind plant is heavily dependent on the local wind speed and direction.
Identify the most Productive Crop to Encourage Sustainable Farming Methods in Smart Farming using Neutrosophic Environment
Authors: Abdelhafeez Ahmed , Mahmoud Hadeer , Aziz Alber S.
Published: September 2023

Only with careful management can the data provided by crops be used to make smart, profitable choices. Data has become the central ingredient in contemporary agriculture, and the recent advancements in handling it are contributing greatly to the meteoric rise of smart farming. Gains in efficiency and longevity may be realized to a significant degree by using the objective data collected by sensors. These data-driven farms can maximize output while minimizing waste and environmental impact thanks to the information they collect and analyze. Various criteria and factors in smart farming can aid in productivity. Sensors, drones, Global Positioning System (GPS) mapping, and other technologies are used in "smart farming" to track variables such as crop development, soil quality, and weather to optimize yields. These technologies are used in smart farming to increase sustainability, decrease food waste, and maximize agricultural yields. This paper suggested a mean weighting methodology to analyze and select the best criteria in smart farming. This method is integrated with the neutrosophic set to deal with uncertain data. This paper achieved the sustainability criteria as the best criteria.
An Integrated Neutrosophic Regional Management Ranking Method for Agricultural Water Management
Authors: Abdel-Monem Ahmed , Nabeeh Nada A. , Abouhawwash Mohamed
Published: September 2023

The development of global warming adaptation principles is a crucial issue to resilience to climate change. Due to the consequences of global warming on land and water management. The persistence to determine the adaptation procedures is a demanded challenging process corresponding to the current climate change issues. Climate change has a direct impact on the water cycle that results in unpredictable cases of pollution and rare of water. In order to provide viable options for enormous-scale water supply structures, the study presents a new planning approach that incorporates multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). The agriculture water management (AWM) relies on MCDM with various criteria and alternatives. The study ranks regional management alternatives with respect to groundwater resources. In addition, study adopts neutrosophic theory to handle unpredictable cases. The proposed decision-making approach integrates neutrosophic sets with the MARCOS method for achieving optimal solutions. A detailed numerical case study that illustrates eight criteria and ten alternatives to examine the applicability for the proposed method.
A Solution Technique of Transportation Problem in Neutrosophic Environment
Authors: Karak Manas , Mahata Animesh , Rong Mahendra , Mukherjee Supriya , Mondal Sankar Prasad , Broumi Said , Roy Banamali
Published: September 2023

In this article, we presented a ranking system based on the sign distance in a new direction, such that to compare different single-valued neutrosophic numbers (SVN-numbers), a decision maker has the chance of flexibility. We also developed some important definitions, like level-(α,β,γ) neutrosophic point, and some properties related to the sign distance ranking function. Finally, the sign distance ranking function is applied to solving the neutrosophic transportation problem (NTP) with SVN-number converted into a transportation problem (TP) with crisp data, and to illustrate the appropriateness of this function, we gave two numerical illustrations.
An Analysis of Obesity in School Children during the Pandemic COVID-19 Using Plithogenic Single Valued Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Priyadharshini S. P. , Irudayam F. Nirmala
Published: September 2023

The objective of this research is to examine the perception that school children with obesity, when excluded from organized academic performance and constrained to their residences during the coronavirus epidemic 2019, will reveal negative consequences in health behaviors. To meet the objective, the concept of Plithogenic Single valued fuzzy sets (PSFS) and their aggregation operators were introduced. Based on the proposed theory, an analysis is presented with the case study to highlight its practicality and preciseness.
Separation Axioms in Neutrosophic Topological Spaces
Authors: Dey Sudeep , Ray Gautam Chandra
Published: September 2023

In this article, we first establish some results based on single-valued neutrosophic sets. Next, we define a subspace topology in a neutrosophic topological space and investigate some properties. We then define the neutrosophic T0, T1, T2-spaces and study their various properties, offering adequate examples.
Características Epidemiológicas de la Tuberculosis Extrapulmonar
Authors: González Pérez Ana Maria
Published: September 2023

Antecedentes: La tuberculosis es una enfermedad altamente contagiosa y es prevalente en países subdesarrollados, según la organización mundial de la salud (OMS), esta enfermedad se define por la localización anatómica en la que se encuentre localizada. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática a través de diversas bases de datos desde el año 2017 al año 2021; la búsqueda y selección de artículos fue llevada a cabo en revistas indexadas en idioma inglés y español. Se utilizaron como palabras clave: tuberculosis, extrapulmonar, características, epidemiológicas. Resultados: Las principales características epidemiológicas tienen como objetivo cuantificar la evolución dentro de determinado rango de tiempo la Tuberculosis extrapulmonar dentro de determinada área o población geográfica. Conclusión: Los pacientes diagnosticados con tuberculosis extrapulmonar puede presentar diferentes manifestaciones clínicas dependiendo del lugar donde se haya proliferado la tuberculosis, aun así, no difiere del contexto epidemiológico a nivel global.
Administración de Trombolíticos en Pacientes con Enfermedades Cerebrovasculares Isquémicas en Unidades de Cuidados Críticos
Authors: Fernández López Gabriela
Published: September 2023

Introducción: El accidente cerebrovascular isquémico [ACV], constituye la primera causa de discapacidad y la tercera causa de muerte en países desarrollados. Las terapias trombolíticas [TLT] son indispensables para el manejo del ACV, ya que son el principal método para restituir de forma rápida el oxígeno tisular y conseguir una recuperación óptima del paciente. Objetivo: Analizar el manejo de trombolíticos en pacientes con enfermedades cerebrovasculares de tipo isquémicas en cuidados críticos, en base a una revisión bibliográfica. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura a través de Google Académico y en bases de datos científicas como Scielo, Pubmed y Elsevier, acerca del manejo de trombolíticos en pacientes con cuadro clínico de ACV en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos [UCI], empleándose un total de 15 artículos originales. Resultados y discusión: Varios estudios investigativos han demostrado que la utilización de alteplasa y tenecteplasa para la trombólisis, han dado buenos resultados. Sin embargo, se debe elegir el fármaco adecuado con respecto a la localización del trombo para evitar complicaciones y reducir posibles efectos adversos. Además, es importante realizar un diagnóstico preciso para elegir el tratamiento adecuado, ya sea trombólisis o trombectomía. Conclusiones: Es fundamental que el manejo de trombolíticos en pacientes con ACV se realice dentro de la ventana terapéutica para así reducir déficit neurológico significativo. Pese a que el TLT se realice de manera adecuada existe un riesgo elevado de que se presenten complicaciones como las transformaciones hemorrágicas del ACV lo que contribuye a que el pronóstico del paciente empeore.