GEOECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AUTOMOTIVE POLLUTION AND GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCTION IN THE CITY OF TERNOPOL
Authors: Serkiz Anastasiya 
Published: June 2022

In most cities in the world, air and noise pollution from motor vehicles are, or are fast becoming, major problems for the physical and mental health of the people. At least 90% of the carbon monoxide in urban environments comes from mobile sources. The health risks of air pollution are extremely serious. Poor air quality increases respiratory ailments like asthma and bronchitis, heightens the risk of life-threatening conditions like cancer, and burdens our health care system with substantial medical costs. The publication is an integral part of the collective theme "Conceptual and applied principles of geo-ecological assessment of environmental impact, environmental management and environmental safety of geosystems of the Podolsk region." This paper considers the issue of unsystematic control of emissions of harmful substances into the air, both throughout the country and locally. The main works of scientists devoted to air pollution in the region are highlighted. The volume and structure of emissions of harmful gases by motor transport during 2000 are considered. - 2015 in the city of Ternopil. Statistical data are taken from the archives of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine in Ternopil region. The schedule of changes in the amount of pollutant emissions is given. An analysis of possible causes of changes in greenhouse gas emissions has been made. The data presented in the National Transport Strategy of Ukraine until 2030 are analyzed. The amount of harmful gas emissions in the future is calculated by extrapolation. The analysis of indicators of long-term monitoring of pollutants in atmospheric air is carried out. Based on the strategy and regional reports for 2017, 2018 and 2019, on the state of the environment in Ternopil region, predicted possible ways of development. Specific recommendations have been made to help reduce the level of air pollution by gases, as well as the level of noise and dust pollution. The project of construction of a new bypass road, which will connect such settlements as: Shlyakhtyntsi and Smykivtsi. The 2nd international routes M19 (Domanove, Kovel, Chernivtsi, Terebleche) and M30 (Stryi, Izvarine) will also be merged; installation of multi-storey car parks on the main entrances to Ternopil (P39, M19, P43, E50, H02, P41); introduction of high-speed routes for public transport; replacement of existing passenger cars with improved electric vehicles; Roadways and traffic controls that reduce congestion and idling; analysis of green areas in the city and the introduction of new ones, the functions of which are extremely necessary. Drive less (ride a bike, walk, carpool, or use public transportation instead). Since most pollution from cars and trucks is due to the burning of fuel, you can reduce pollution from these sources by burning less fuel, burning fuel cleaner and burning cleaner fuel. Clean vehicle and fuel technologies provide us with an affordable, available means of reducing transportation-related air pollution and climate change emissions. The implementation of these measures will increase the level of environmental safety in the city.

Key words: air pollution, emissions,  vehicles, global warming, Ternopil.