bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementing Electronic Discharge Communication Tools in Pediatric Emergency Departments: Multicountry, Cross-Sectional Readiness Survey of Nurses and Physicians
Authors: Curran Janet , Wozney Lori , Tavender Emma , Wilson Catherine , Ritchie Krista C , Wong Helen , Gallant Allyson , Somerville Mari , Archambault Patrick M , Cassidy Christine , Jabbour Mona , Mackay Rebecca , Plint Amy C
Published: July 2023

Background

Pediatric emergency departments (ED) in many countries are implementing electronic tools such as kiosks, mobile apps, and electronic patient portals, to improve the effectiveness of discharge communication.

Objective

This study aimed to survey nurse and physician readiness to adopt these tools.

Methods

An electronic, cross-sectional survey was distributed to a convenience sample of currently practicing ED nurses and physicians affiliated with national pediatric research organizations in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Survey development was informed by the nonadoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, sustainability framework. Measures of central tendency, and parametric and nonparametric tests were used to describe and compare nurse and physician responses.

Results

Out of the 270 participants, the majority were physicians (61%, 164/270), female (65%, 176/270), and had 5 or more years of ED experience (76%, 205/270). There were high levels of consensus related to the value proposition of electronic discharge communication tools (EDCTs) with 82% (221/270) of them agreeing that they help parents and patients with comprehension and recall. Lower levels of consensus were observed for organizational factors with only 37% (100/270) agreeing that their staff is equipped to handle challenges with communication technologies. Nurses and physicians showed significant differences on 3 out of 21 readiness factors. Compared to physicians, nurses were significantly more likely to report that EDs have a responsibility to integrate EDCTs as part of a modern system (P<.001) and that policies are in place to guide safe and secure electronic communication (P=.02). Physicians were more likely to agree that using an EDCT would change their routine tasks (P=.04). One third (33%, 89/270) of participants indicated that they use or have used EDCT.

Conclusions

Despite low levels of uptake, both nurses and physicians in multiple countries view EDCTs as a valuable support to families visiting pediatric ED. Leadership for technology change, unclear impact on workflow, and disparities in digital literacy skills require focused research effort.
Intervention of Serious Games Based on Immersive Experience in the Rehabilitation System for Children with Autism (Preprint)
Authors: Ma Xufeng
Published: July 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Immersive experience is to create a virtual world through digital equipment, so that users are completely immersed in the space created by it, thereby producing a real emotional experience. Through the classification of autistic children's emotions and behaviors, corresponding to the principles of serious game design, the cognitive training intervention scheme and virtual reality technology intervention scheme for children with autism through serious games are proposed. After the immersive training of the serious game rehabilitation system, the effect of the intervention method of the rehabilitation system for children with autism was analyzed based on the multi-layer fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system. Due to the particularity of children with autism, treatment in hospitals requires a one-to-one model, that is, one doctor is responsible for one patient, which requires a large number of doctors and resources. But the serious games rehabilitation system makes up for this shortcoming. This research takes advantage of this advantage, combines immersive experience with serious games for treating autism, and launches immersive training to provide a safer and more effective way to treat patients with autism.
Reasons for Acceptance or Rejection of Online Record Access Among Patients Affected by a Severe Mental Illness: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Meier-Diedrich Eva , Neumann Katharina , Heinze Martin , Eisenmann Yvonne , Thoma Samuel
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Over the past few years, online record access (ORA) has been established through secure patient portals in various countries, allowing patients to access their health data, including clinical notes (“open notes”). Previous research indicates that ORA in mental health, particularly among patients with severe mental illness (SMI), has been rarely offered. Little is known about the expectations and motivations of patients with SMI when reading what their clinicians share via ORA.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to explore the reasons why patients with SMI consider or reject ORA and whether sociodemographic characteristics may influence patient decisions.

METHODS

ORA was offered to randomly selected patients at 3 university outpatient clinics in Brandenburg, Germany, which exclusively treat patients with SMI. Within the framework of a mixed methods evaluation, qualitative interviews were conducted with patients who chose to participate in ORA and those who declined, aiming to explore the underlying reasons for their decisions. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Sociodemographic characteristics of patients were examined using descriptive statistics to identify predictors of acceptance or rejection of ORA.

RESULTS

Out of 103 included patients, 58% (n=60) wished to read their clinical notes. The reasons varied, ranging from a desire to engage more actively in their treatment to critically monitoring it and using the accessible data for third-party purposes. Conversely, 42% (n=43) chose not to use ORA, voicing concerns about possibly harming the trustful relationship with their clinicians as well as potential personal distress or uncertainty arising from reading the notes. Practical barriers such as a lack of digital literacy or suspected difficult-to-understand medical language were also named as contributing factors. Correlation analysis revealed that the majority of patients with depressive disorder desired to read the clinical notes (P<.001), while individuals with psychotic disorders showed a higher tendency to decline ORA (P<.05). No significant group differences were observed for other patient groups or characteristics.

CONCLUSIONS

The adoption of ORA is influenced by a wide range of motivational factors, while patients also present a similar variety of reasons for declining its use. The results emphasize the urgent need for knowledge and patient education regarding factors that may hinder the decision to use ORA, including its practical usage, its application possibilities, and concerns related to data privacy. Further research is needed to explore approaches for adequately preparing individuals with SMI to transition from their inherent interest to active engagement with ORA.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00030188; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00030188
The association of device based-physical activity and sleep metrics with depression in people with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait: a cross sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Al Ozairi Abdullah , Irshad Mohammad , AlSarraf Hussain , Alkandari Jumana , Al-Ozairi Ebaa , Gray Stuart
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

People with diabetes and depression have worse health outcomes and may be protected by physical activity, but the relationship between activity and depression is not studied in people with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of physical activity and sleep metrics, measured via wrist-worn accelerometers, with depression in people with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait.

METHODS

People with type 1 diabetes were recruited from the Dasman Diabetes Institute in Kuwait and were invited to wear a wrist worn accelerometer device for 7 days. Mean physical activity (overall acceleration), inactivity, light activity, moderate activity, vigorous activity, the distribution of physical activity intensity (intensity gradient), sleep duration and sleep efficiency were quantified from the accelerometer data. The associations of these metrics with depression were investigated using multiple linear regression.

RESULTS

A total of 551 people (52.5% women) people with type 1 diabetes (age 33.1 (9.5) years) were included. Overall physical activity (B= -0.09, CI= -0.14 to – 0.04), moderate intensity activity (B= -0.02, CI= -0.02 to -0.01), vigorous intensity activity (B= -0.16, CI= -0.27 to -0.05), and the intensity gradient (B= -2.11, CI= -3.51 to -0.72) were negatively associated with depression score (P<.01) and these associations remain significant even after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, and BMI. However, sleep duration and efficiency were not associated with depression. After mutual adjustment overall physical activity (B= -0.07, CI= -0.12 to -0.01), but not the intensity gradient (B= -0.90, CI= -2.47 to 0.68), remained associated with depression.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, moderate and vigorous physical activity, and the intensity gradient, but not inactivity, light physical activity or sleep, were associated with depression. Overall physical activity, rather than the distribution of activity intensity, appears more important in depression. This information can help guide physical activity interventions to improve depression in people with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait.
Weather domain in Croatian: a corpus–based overview of precipitation and non–precipitation expressions
Authors: Katunar Daniela
Published: July 2023

Th is study investigates weather expressions in Croatian, focusing on precipitation and non–precipitation weather phenomena. It highlights the complexity of the weather domain as described by extant syntactic, semantic and lexical studies showing variation both inter– and intralinguistically, and as the focus of future investigations. Croatian is examined with respect to proposed typologies of weather expressions, built around the notion of coding weather occurrences with the predicate or the argument of the sentence, or both, as well as investigations of lexicalization patterns of weather verbs with regards to Figure, Path and Manner. Though such classifications are based on cross–linguistic comparisons, their applications for systematizing intralinguistic variability are investigated on Croatian data. Since descriptions of weather expressions in Croatian have mostly focused on a subset of the most common weather verbs, verba meteorologica, a corpus–based approach is used to expand the dataset with different types of syntactic structures and predicates used in describing weather events, complemented by lexicographic sources. Weather expressions in Croatian are analyzed according to the semantic properties of dynamic and static weather phenomena, contextual grounding of a weather expression, manner of occurrence and the notions of primary and secondary weather expressions. Based on the overview of lexicographic and corpus data, this paper sketches an outline for future systematic study of the weather domain in Croatian.
Glagolsko–imeničke kolokacije na primjerima osnova pojam, teza i argument u diskurzivno–erističkim strukturama hrvatskoga i njemačkoga općeznanstvenoga jezika
Authors: Šnjarić Mirjana
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the linguistic means used to express general scientific activity above the level of an individual word. The corpus approach and the contrastive method are used to analyze typical and characteristic, general scientific VERB + NOUN collocations of the Croatian language and compare them with collocations in the German general scientific language. The aim is to find out how VERB + NOUN collocations are positioned within euristic structures of scientific language, and finally to assign the collocations to the corresponding type of general scientific language activity. General scientific collocations are an important part of everyday scientific communication, primarily written. A bilingual list of isolated translation equivalents of transdisciplinary VERB + NOUN collocations in Croatian and German (e.g., use (scientific) sources ‘(wissenschaftliche) Quellen heranziehen’, use arguments ‘Argumente heranziehen’, apply the approach ‘einen wissenschaftlichen Ansatz’) has been compiled to meet the needs of Croatian authors in scientific writing. Furthermore, a contrastive approach is used to compile a list and provide a description of VERB + NOUN collocations through which eristic structures of scientific communication are realized, focusing on the most important interlingual differences and problems arising in the scientific writing of native Croatian speakers. The results of the research also have implications for native speakers of Croatian language who publish their scientific research in the Croatian language as they provide insight into the application of VERB + NOUN collocations in contemporary scientific language. The results of the analysis also show that there is a lack of contrastive research on the lexico–syntagmatic level and interlingual comparisons of individual aspects of the two scientific languages.
Comparative analysis of conversational strategy of interruption and disfluency in political interviews conducted in Croatian and English
Authors: Varošanec-Škarić Gordana , Bašić Iva , Šegvić Branka
Published: July 2023

The genre of political interview includes informational and communicative persuasive strategy, as each interlocutor wants to establish their dominance. The desire for dominance results in frequent interruptions and speech overlaps, which can also be associated with speech fluency. A comparative analysis was used to examine the discourse strategy of negative interruptions and overlaps in relation to other parameters of fluency in the television genre of political interview in the pre–election period, between Croatian and British journalists and politicians. In total, 24 speakers, evenly represented by language, occupation and gender, were analysed based on 12 news programmes for each language. Th e analysis revealed that journalists tend to interrupt and overlap politicians in a more conflicting way. Men tend to interrupt and overlap interlocutors more than women, and statistically, Croatian speakers do it more often. Moreover, Croatian journalists interrupt politicians more than their British peers. An interesting piece of research data reveals that women interrupt women and men to the same extent. Based on the overall data, it can be concluded that English speakers were more fluent, and that British journalists used fewer negative interruptions than Croatian
Use of Waste Paper for Light Weight Ecofriendly Bricks
Authors: Tiwari Ayushi , Singi Mayur
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The price of the materials is the main factor in every building project. Untapped or underused resources in emerging nations must be located in order to be utilized in the building industry. Wastepaper is one such resource. Papercrete, a lightweight building material that meets many of the engineering requirements for construction, is created by mixing paper pulp with cement and sand. Papercrete provides benefits such as being inexpensive, economical, and environmentally benign. The engineering characteristics of papercrete blocks are manufactured and investigated in this study. It should be emphasized that under compression, papercrete steadily degrades in a ductile way; nonetheless, the relationship between compressive stress and compressive strain that is discussed in this paper has not previously been established by trustworthy research.
Emotion Detection by Image: A Historical Review
Authors: Bano Shabanam , Bhambu Dr. Pawan
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The mental states of feelings are represented by a person's emotions. At the moment, emotion recognition is an explosive topic. Various tools that are offered by some languages, algorithms, and systems can be used to detect emotion. For emotion detection, almost all detection systems employ baby faces. The accuracy of any emotion detection system at this moment is about 90%, which is due to the fact that emotion identification techniques are still far from being flawless. This study analyses emotion detection by image from the late 2000s to the present. The history, an overview, and a few stages of emotion detection by the image are presented in this study. The system could currently only identify six emotions: joy, sadness, fear, surprise, disgust, and anger.
Effect of Wood Ash on salt Crystallization and Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RPCT) in Mortar
Authors: Shivangi  , Sikka Varun Kumar , Singh Ajit , Gupta Rahul
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Ash by-products obtained from combustion of wood biomass are generally used in land filling for embankments, road/highway construction. It can be used as soil supplementing material to reduce the alkalinity of soil in agricultural lands. And it can also be used as raw material in the manufacturing of cement in cement industries. Many researches had been carried out to incorporate wood waste ash as a cement replacement material in the production of greener construction material (concrete/mortar) and also as a sustainable means of disposal for wood waste ash. Results of these researches indicated that wood waste ash can be effectively used as a cement replacement material for the production of structural concrete/mortar of acceptable strength and durability parameters. In the present study salt crystallization, rapid chloride permeability test are performed. The results shows As wood ash contains more amount of calcium oxides which are soluble in water and leached out and further react with sodium sulphate. That is why, on increasing the percentage of wood ash, loss in weight as well as loss in compressive strength and chloride ion permeability is high in all the cases but as we increase the percentage of wood ash, chloride ion permeability decreases
An Economic Approach to Build Controller Based Generic Purpose Development Board
Authors: Swamy Anusha R , B. S Sumana
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Controller based development board is deliberated to be exposed vulnerable platform and is a printed circuit board, which contains the insignificant provision rationality essential for engineers to enhance acquainted with the IC that assist to study programs. Assists handlers of the µp as a scheme to prototype applications in commodities. Depending on the creators taste, specifications are added to the controller and placed in customary platform. There are abundant boards like Arduino, Nanode, raspberry pi, Pingunio etc. All these are high priced for trainees who are interested in embedded projects. Many constituents in these sheets remain depleted for specific target due to power loss as well as expense. There has been magnificent expansion in the domain of integrated circuit technology and directed to the elaboration and insight of hardware apparatuses and its employment which consequences in less price tactic for the manipulators. This project mainly put a light on building a controller based generic purpose developmental board for most customary circumstances by an embedded consumers
Blood Group Detection through Finger Print Images using Image Processing
Authors: Prasad Dr. M , . Amrutha
Published: July 2023

Abstract: There is worldwide demand for an affordable Blood Group measurement solution, which is a particularly urgent need in developing countries. The Image Processing, which is the most penetrated device in both rich and resource-constrained areas, would be a suitable choice to build this solution. This Project proposes a noninvasive Blood Group measurement processes. Also its compared the variation in data collection sites, biosignal processing techniques, theoretical foundations, photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal and features extraction process, Image Processing algorithms, and Detection models to calculate Blood Groups. This analysis was then used to recommend realistic approaches to build a Image Processing-based point-of-care tool for Blood Group measurement in a noninvasive manner. In this project, proposing approaches for blood Group measurement with the aim of recommending data collection techniques, signal extraction processes, feature calculation processes, Image Processing algorithms for developing a noninvasive Blood Group estimation using an Image
Comparative Study of 30-Storey Building with and without Seismic Load Combination by using STAAD PRO
Authors: Shukla Kusamakar , Shrivastava Dr. Gunjan
Published: July 2023

Abstract: This comparative study aims to evaluate the structural behaviour of a 30-storey building using STAAD Pro under two scenarios: with and without seismic load combinations. By comparing the results obtained from both cases, the study seeks to determine the significance of seismic design provisions and the impact they have on the structural performance of the building. The findings of this research will contribute to the understanding of the importance of incorporating seismic load combinations in the design process of high-rise buildings and aid in improving their safety and resilience.Seismic design provisions and load combinations are essential in ensuring the structural integrity of high-rise buildings. These provisions consider the effects of lateral forces generated by seismic activity and aim to minimize structural damage and protect human life during an earthquake. It is crucial to evaluate the performance of buildings under different loading conditions, including seismic load combinations, to ensure they meet safety standards and codes.
Analytical Study of Risk Analysis and Role of Project Management in Construction Industry
Authors: Ramesh M. , Soundhirarajan K.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The objective of this research is to study the risk analysis and project management in construction industry. The benefits of risk management are not confined to large or risky projects. The process may be formalized in these circumstances, but it is applicable for all scales of project and procurement activity. It can be applied at all stages in the project cycle, from the earliest assessments of strategy to the supply, operation, maintenance and disposal of individual items, facilities or assets. This study stressed on many aspects on the subject of project management in terms of problems and impediments, and suggested solutions through this project, in order to motivate and develop the management of the projects. It project is involves stage by stage construction industry facing issues and its solutions by various approaches like Questionnaires, qualitative method and quantitative method etc... Aim of this project to investigate the current level of application of project management and the obstacles that have prevented its introduction in the Indian construction industry. Then the exploitation of each project will be documented and used in future work
Review on Potential Risks in Construction Process
Authors: Salunke Surajkumar D. , Lende Prof. P. K.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Risk assessment is an important part of project management in the construction industry. It includes identifying, identifying and mitigating risks that may affect project objectives. This article provides an overview of the various risk assessment methods used in the construction industry, from quantitative to fuzzy methods. This study introduces validation methods such as Monte Carlo simulation, sensitivity analysis, critical path analysis, fault tree analysis, tree analysis and failure models, effects and critical analysis. These versatile methods provide an overview of the likelihood of their occurrence and its impact on the objectives of the project, making them effective tools in the field. In addition, the article explores the idea of turbidity as a way to quantify the quality of certain risks in underground construction projects. Legislative frameworks and tools for assessing land development related issues that offer new solutions for risk management in complex situations are also discussed. Analysis pointed out that there is no single method of risk assessment that concerns all organizations and activities. In summary, risk assessment plays an important role in construction decision making, resource allocation and the development of risk mitigation strategies. Continuous research and development in this area will further refine and improve the risk assessment method, resulting in the overall success and sustainability of construction.
Simulation of Rainfall Run off Process using HEC-HMS: A Case Study of Upper Godavari Basin (M.S., India)
Authors: Rajmane Dr. Dattatray K. , Ghungarde Mr. Shubham D. , Daule Mr. Satyam B. , Darandale Mr. Devidas G. , Kashid Mr. Dnyaneshwar D.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Runoff plays an important role in the hydrological cycle by returning excess precipitation to the oceans and controlling how much water flows into stream systems. “Modelling runoff can help to understand, control, and monitor the quality and quantity of water resources.” (Jan Sitterson et. al.) Therefore, the present work entitled “Simulation of Rainfall Runoff process using HEC-HMS; A Case study of Upper Godavari Basin (M.S., India)”is undertaken for the present research work. The latest version Q-GIS 3.18 is used for numerous purposes such as Maps preparation, Implementation of Theisen polygon method and Delineation of watershed, sub-watersheds and inclusive streams while HEC-HMS 4.7.1 is used to simulate the complete hydrologic processes of the present dendritic watershed system. Estimation of all input parameters with their appropriate methods are discussed in detail in this study and Runoff is simulated at outlet of each sub-basin. The Model efficiency is assessed with the help of Coefficient of Inter Correlation, it gives values as 0.793 and 0.562 for year 2000 and 2010. It is concluded that the model shows High level of Coefficient of Inter Correlation. On the line of present study, it is concluded that, “The Hydrologic Engineering Centres Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) watershed model can be effectively used to simulate Rainfall Runoff process to estimate basin’s hydrological phenomenon caused due to precipitation.” “The increase in Urbanization & change in Landuse pattern in the Upper Godavari basin have definitely increased the peak runoff significantly especially in Kham sub-basin.”
Investigation of Relative Age Effect on Gymnasts Who Won Medals in Individual and Group Categories for 7 -14 Years
Authors: BAĞCI Emre , ÇELEN Aylin , OKAN İlyas , BİLGİN Ülviye , GÖKYÜREK Belgin , ARSLAN Yasin
Published: July 2023

The relative age effect is a phenomenon that has emerged especially in the educational processes of children. The fact that children born in the same calendar year have more than 11 months between them according to the month they were born brings along great differences in terms of their development. This situation is also seen in sports education. Especially in sports activities that started at a young age, the time difference between the birth quarters of the athletes born in the same year will cause their physical performance to be affected, as their physical development is affected. Relative age effect studies in gymnastics were carried out in individual branches, but no study was conducted on group categories. Most of the studies also mention the relative age effect. Whether there is a relative age effect on athletes competing in group branches of gymnastics has not been investigated before. Therefore, this study was conducted to understand whether there is a relative age effect in the groups categories in Rhythmic Gymnastics and Aerobic Gymnastics branches. As a result of the evaluations, it was seen that there was no relative age effect on the medal winners in individual and group categories in aerobic gymnastics. While there is a relative age effect in some parts of the three seasons examined in rhythmic gymnastics, there is a relative age effect in terms of the athletes who won medals in the individual and group according to the average of the three seasons.
Dietary Njavara (Oryza Sativa Linn.) Rice Bran Oil Regulates Immune Response by Regulating Th1/Th2 Lineage Balance in High Fat Diet Induced Atherosclerosis
Authors: Suja Sathyaseelan Lal Preethi , Sabu Vidya , Helen Dr. A.
Published: July 2023

When considering inflammation, CD4+ T cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The hypocholesterolemic effects of Njavara (Oryza sativa Linn.) rice bran oil (NjRBO) in the treatment of atherosclerosis has been previously explored. However, no evidence regarding understanding Th1/Th2-cell lineage differentiation in atherosclerotic rats has been studied. Hence the objective of this study was to investigate the regulatory effects of Njavara rice bran oil in modulating CD4+ T cell imbalance in the Sprague–Dawley rat model. Following in-vivo research for two months, splenocytes isolated were cultured ex-vivo and treated with Concanavalin A (1.5-3μg/ml medium), followed by incubation with anti-CD3e/CD28 platebound antibodies. Initially, body weight and biochemical parameters, including serum and hepatic lipid profile, were analyzed, and the results revealed suppression of the pro-inflammatory biochemical markers upon supplementation of NjRBO. Further evaluation of the effects of Njavara rice bran oil on Th1/Th2 lineage development of CD4+ T cells under anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody stimulation was studied. Results revealed that NjRBO significantly suppressed the amount of Th1 cytokines demonstrating its broad suppressive effect on Th1-related pro-inflammation, while an upregulation in the production of Th2 cytokines was noticed. Furthermore, significant attenuation in the mRNA expression pattern of Th1/Th2-related transcription factors and co-stimulatory expression in splenic CD4+ T cells were further examined. Hence these data indicate that NjRBO incorporation selectively alters Th1/Th2 Cell-mediated inflammation patterns and provides the pharmacological basis for its applications.
Global population structure in an arctic-breeding bird: Diversifying and stabilizing selection consistent with local adaptation
Authors: Patel Keta , Love Oliver , Wellband Kyle , Pogam Audrey Le , Vézina François , Ashley Noah , Fossøy Frode , Winker Kevin , Richter Melanie , Gilchrist H. Grant , Moksnes Arne , Stokke Bård , Withrow Jack , Heath Daniel
Published: July 2023

Environmental variation among isolated populations can drive genetic
differentiation by selection, while isolation alone results primarily in
genetic drift. Genetic analyses can aid in identifying genetically
isolated populations and population structure of a species across its
range. Additionally, such analyses can provide indirect evidence of
local adaptation through the comparison of allele frequencies at neutral
and functional genetic markers, with the aim of identifying outlier loci
consistent with the effects of selection. Here, we examine the genetic
divergence and patterns of functional divergence among six breeding
populations of arctic-breeding snow buntings (Plectrophenax nivalis). We
genotyped 221 birds at 9 microsatellite markers and at 101 single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within known-function genes. We
identified substantial population differentiation using both marker
types with relatively greater divergence and hence finer population
structure using the microsatellite markers. While population structures
resulting from the two marker types were in general agreement,
functional SNPs showed evidence of stabilizing selection at both global
and population pairwise levels, with a few key SNPs showing signatures
of pairwise divergent selection, consistent with expectations of local
adaptation. The observed complex and inconsistent pattern of pairwise
divergence (selection) at key candidate-gene loci may reflect rapid
environmental change decoupling locally adapted genotypes from actual
local environmental conditions. Our work highlights microevolutionary
changes that are likely to be very important not only in arctic-breeding
songbirds, but in Arctic and Sub-Arctic vertebrates in general, which
are experiencing strong environmental effects from accelerated climate
change and human-induced stressors.
Longitudinal Associations Between Attachment Representations Coded in the Adult Attachment Interview in Late Adolescence and Perceptions of Romantic Relationship Adjustment in Adulthood
Authors: Dagan Or , Nivison Marissa , Bleil Maria , Booth-LaForce Cathryn , Roisman Glenn , Waters Theodore
Published: July 2023

Increasingly, researchers have operationalized AAI derived attachment
representations as reflecting individual differences in secure base
script knowledge (AAIsbs)—the degree to which individuals show
awareness of the temporal-causal schema that summarizes the basic
features of seeking and receiving effective support from caregivers when
in distress. In a series of pre-registered analyses, we used AAI
transcripts recently re-coded for AAIsbs and leveraged a new follow-up
assessment of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development
cohort around age 30 years (479 currently partnered participants) to
assess and compare the links between AAIsbs and traditional AAI coding
measures in late adolescence and self-reported romantic relationship
quality in adulthood. Higher AAIsbs predicted better dyadic adjustment
scores in adulthood, above and beyond other AAI-derived coding measures,
and sociodemographic and cognitive functioning covariates. Findings
extend previous evidence pointing to the predictive significance of
AAIsbs for multiple adult functioning domains.
Automatic SWMM parameter calibration method based on the differential evolution and Bayesian optimization algorithm
Authors: Jiawei Gao , Yu Lu , Ruilong Zhou , Xin Lu , Liang Ji
Published: July 2023

In response to the low accuracy exhibited by the Storm Water Management
Model (SWMM), we propose an enhanced Differential Evolution and Bayesian
Optimization Algorithm (DE-BOA) . This algorithm integrates the global
search capability of the differential evolution algorithm with the local
search capability of the Bayesian optimization algorithm, which enables
a more comprehensive exploration of the vector solution space. A
comparative analysis of various types of rainfall events is conducted.
For model calibration and validation, a drainage subzone in Jinshazhou,
Guangzhou City, is selected as the research subject. In total, 20
specific rainfall events are selected, and the DE-BOA algorithm
outperforms the manual calibration, differential evolution algorithm,
and Bayesian optimization algorithm regarding model calibration
accuracy. Furthermore, the DE-BOA algorithm exhibits robust adaptability
to rainfall events characterized by multiple peaks and higher
precipitation levels, with Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient values
surpassing 0.90. This study’s findings could hold significant reference
value for dynamically updating model parameters, thereby enhancing the
model simulation performance and improving the accuracy of the urban
intelligent water management platform.
Insights into regulatory and design Aspects of bioequivalence trials in Saudi Arabia: A comprehensive analysis
Authors: Althunian Turki , Alzenaidy Bader , Aroba Raseel , Almadani Ohoud , Alqahtani Fahad , Binajlan Albatool , Almousa Amal , Alamr Deema , Al-Mofada Malak , Alsaqer Nora , AL-Arfaj Hessa A. , Bahlewa Abdulmohsen , Alharbi Mohammed , Alhomaidan Ali , Alsuwyeh Abdulaziz , Alsaleh Abdulmohsen
Published: July 2023

Aim: This retrospective analysis aimed to comprehensively review the
design and regulatory aspects of bioequivalence trials submitted to the
Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) since 2017. Methods: This was a
retrospective, comprehensive analysis study. The Data extracted from the
SFDA bioequivalence assessment reports were analyzed for reviewing the
overall design and regulatory aspects of the successful bioequivalence
trials, exploring the impact of the coefficient of variation of
within-subject variability (CVw) on some design aspects, and providing
an in-depth assessment of bioequivalence trial submissions that were
deemed insufficient in demonstrating bioequivalence. Results: A total of
590 bioequivalence trials were included of which 521 demonstrated
bioequivalence (440 single active pharmaceutical ingredients [APIs]
and 81 fixed combinations). The majority of the successful trials were
for cardiovascular drugs (84 out of 521 [16.1%]), and the 2 x 2
crossover design was used in 455 (87.3%) trials. The sample size tended
to increase with the increase in the CVw in trials of single APIs.
Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class II and IV drugs accounted
for the majority of highly variable drugs (58 out of 82 [70.7%]) in
the study. Most of the 51 rejected trials were rejected due to concerns
related to the study center (n=21 [41.2%]). Conclusion: This
comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the regulatory
and design aspects of bioequivalence trials, and can inform future
research and assist in identifying opportunities for improvement in
conducting bioequivalence trials in Saudi Arabia.
Regulating thermal dynamics and gas transport of MOF glass through silver composites
Authors: Zulkifli Muhammad Yazid Bin , Chen Ruiqi , Lin Rijia , Yao Yuqi , Chai Milton , Appadoo Dominique , Wang Wupeng , Zhu Zhong-Hua , Liang Kang , Chen Vicki , Hou Jingwei
Published: July 2023

Metal-organic framework (MOF) glass is a versatile and processible
material that retains its porous nature while transitioning between
liquid and solid states. Incorporating composites into MOF glass can
enhance its functionalities, but the effect on its state conversion
remains understudied. This research explores the impact of silver ions
on the properties of ZIF-62 glass, revealing their influence on phase
conversion at varying ligand concentrations. The presence of silver
enhances gas separation processes, particularly improving CO2 and
hydrocarbon separation selectivity compared to pure ZIF-62 glass. These
findings provide valuable insights for composite integration and
highlight the potential of Ag-doped ZIF-62 glass in gas separation
applications. Furthermore, this work paves the way for processing
functional Ag-doped ZIF-62 glass films, enabling diverse applications
such as gas separation, film catalysis, and antimicrobial glass.
Regional ocean grid refinement and its effect on simulated atmospheric climate
Authors: Williams Jonny , Behrens Erik , Morgenstern Olaf , Teixeira João , Varma Vidya , Hayek Wolfgang
Published: July 2023

In this work we analyse the impact of including a regional,
high-resolution ocean model on simulated atmospheric climate in a
coupled earth system model. The resolution of the regional, nested ocean
model is approximately 0.2 degrees compared to the 1 degree resolution
of the global ocean model within which it is embedded and this work
complements previously published work on ocean circulation and marine
heatwaves using the New Zealand Earth System Model, NZESM. After a
discussion of the eddy-permitting capability of the nested ocean and its
coupling to the overlaying atmosphere, we study the effects on air
temperature, precipitation and evaporation, latent and sensible surface
heat balances, zonal wind, the storm track and the effect on total cloud
amount. Overall we find that the NZESM provides a better representation
of regional atmospheric climate compared to its parent model - UKESM1 -
although this improvement is not universal. For example, although the
NZESM shows better agreement in surface air temperature within the
nested ocean region, there is also some deterioration in the agreement 
at high southern latitudes where the seasonal sea ice edge coincides
with a transition from negative to positive correlation between air
temperature and cloud amount. The lack of additional model tuning in the
NZESM after the nested ocean model’s inclusion largely accounts for the
presence of these improvement-deterioration pairs with respect to
observations.
Is equilibrium climate sensitivity clouding our judgement?
Authors: Williams Jonny
Published: July 2023

Equilibrium climate sensitivity - ECS - is easily-understood, has been
studied for over 150 years and is therefore appealing as a metric for
communication of climate model results. In this work it is argued that
ECS is not a good metric for comparing different climate models. Via
brief examples concerning the Pliocene epoch and the Paleocene–Eocene
Thermal Maximum, it is further posited that models which produce
temperatures towards the higher end of model intercomparisons are useful
in spite of recent studies concluding that these models are ‘too hot’.
It is hoped that this brief manuscript generates discussion on how to
prioritise the consideration of more useful, and potentially novel, ways
of comparing climate models going forward.
Variation of cloud properties ascribed by sea ice states in the central and western Arctic
Authors: Garfias Pablo Saavedra , Kalesse-Los Heike
Published: July 2023

Based on wintertime observations during the MOSAiC expedition in
2019-2020, it was found that Arctic cloud properties show significant
differences when clouds are coupled to the fluxes of water vapor
transport coming from upwind regions of sea ice leads.  Among these
differences are that cloud liquid water path is considerably increased
as  a function of lead fraction for observations of lead fraction above
0.02, whereas ice water path only shows some moderate level of
dependency on lead fraction when deep precipitating clouds are
considered. Cloud macro-physical properties like cloud base height and
cloud thickness were found to be lower and thicker, respectively, for
clouds coupled to the water vapor transport.

To substantiate the findings from the MOSAiC data set, long-term
measurements (2012-2022) at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) at the North Slope Alaska (NSA)
site in Utqiagvik, Alaska  are being used to study the climatology of
clouds and their properties coupled to the sea ice concentration in the
Western Arctic. The same methodology used for the MOSAiC study is
feasible to be applied to the NSA ARM site thanks to the standard
instrumentation dataset provided by the ARM program. The
study focuses on the atmospheric boundary layer  topped  water vapor
transport as mechanism to link  the influence of sea ice  leads or
polynyas, to the clouds. Statistical results will be presented and set
into context to the results found for the MOSAiC expedition.

BERLING 2023 IUGG 28th GENERAL ASSEMBLY,  SESSION:
M22d Cloud and Precipitation Studies, Convener: Greg McFarquhar (USA)
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Marine Heatwaves Globally
Authors: Scannell Hillary , Cai Cassia , Thompson LuAnne , Whitt Daniel Bridger , Gagne David John , Abernathey Ryan
Published: July 2023

The spatiotemporal evolution of marine heatwaves (MHWs) is explored
using a tracking algorithm termed Ocetrac that provides objective
characterization of MHW spatiotemporal evolution. Candidate MHW grid
points are defined in detrended gridded sea temperature data using a
seasonally varying temperature threshold. Identified MHW points are
collected into spatially distinct objects using edge detection with weak
sensitivity to edge detection and size threshold criteria. These MHW
objects are followed in space and time while allowing objects to split
and merge. Ocetrac is applied to monthly satellite sea surface
temperature data from September 1981 through January 2021. The resulting
MHWs are characterized by their intensity, duration, and total area
covered. The global analysis shows that MHWs in the Gulf of Maine and
Mediterranean Sea evolve within a relatively small region, while major
MHWs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans are linked in space and time. The
largest and most long lasting MHW using this method lasts for 60 months
from November 2013 to October 2018, encompassing previously identified
MHW events including those in the Northeast Pacific (2014-2015), the
Tasman Sea (2015-2016, 2017-2018), and the Great Barrier Reef (2016).
Statistical Method-Based Multi-Model Ensemble Forecasting for North American Hazardous Air Quality
Authors: Li Yunyao , Tong Daniel , Makkaroon Peewara , DelSole Timothy , Tang Youhua , Campbell Patrick , Baker Barry D. , Cohen Mark , Darmenov Anton , Ahmadov Ravan , Hyer Edward J. , Xian Peng
Published: July 2023

Wildfires can cause hazardous air quality conditions and affect human
health. Accurate prediction of wildfire air quality is challenging due
to uncertainties in fire emission, plume rise, etc. Ensemble forecasting
techniques have been increasingly used to improve the predictability of
wildfire aerosols. In this study, we aim to explore several ensemble
creation methods to improve the ensemble forecast compared to the
traditional ensemble mean. Our results show that the ensemble mean
outperforms individual models in predicting fine particles (PM2.5) when
compared to AirNow observations. To further improve the ensemble
forecast, we employ various statistical methods, including multiple
linear regression, ridge regression, weighted regression, and quantile
regression to develop weighted ensembles. These weighted ensembles are
capable of reducing model systematic error, e.g., fractional bias was
25% to 53% lower than the ensemble mean in the major fire regions.
Furthermore, the weighted ensemble using ridge regression increased the
hit rate by 17% and reduced the false alarm rate by 72% compared to
the ensemble mean. This demonstrates that the weighting of the members
comprising the ensemble is an effective method for reducing forecast
uncertainty and improving the accuracy of air quality forecasting during
wildfire events. The quantile and weighted regression methods improved
the forecast of extreme air quality events. The PM2.5 exceedance hit
rate is improved by 55% compared to the ensemble mean. Our findings
provide insights into the development of advanced ensemble methods for
wildfire air quality forecast offering support for decision-making to
protect public health.
Unsupervised clustering of oceanic Lagrangian particles: identification of the main pathways of the Labrador Current
Authors: Jutras Mathilde , Planat Noémie , Dufour Carolina , Talbot Lauryn C
Published: July 2023

Modelled geospatial Lagrangian trajectories are widely used in Earth
Science, including in oceanography, atmospheric science and marine
biology. The typically large size of these dataset makes them arduous to
analyze, and their underlying pathways challenging to identify. Here, we
show that a Machine Learning unsupervised k-means++ clustering method
can successfully identify the pathways of the Labrador Current from a
large set of modelled Lagrangian trajectories. The presented method
requires simple pre-processing of the data, including a Cartesian
correction on longitudes and a PCA reduction. The clustering is
performed in a kernalized space and uses a larger number of clusters
than the number of expected pathways. During post-processing, similar
clusters are grouped into pathway categories by experts in the
circulation of the region of interest. We find that the Labrador Current
mainly follows a westward-flowing and an eastward retroflecting pathway
(20% and 50% of the flow, respectively) that compensate each other
through time in a see-saw behaviour. These pathways experience a strong
variability of up to 96\%. We find that two thirds of
the retroflection occurs at the tip of the Grand Banks, and one quarter
at Flemish Cap. The westward pathway is mostly fed by the on-shelf
branch of the Labrador Current, and the eastward pathway by the
shelf-break branch. Pathways of secondary importance feed the Labrador
Sea, the Gulf of St. Lawrence through the Belle Isle Strait, and the
subtropics across the Gulf Stream.