bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Indonesian Marine Health Index to Assess The Health of The Coastal Ecosystem of Tuban, East Java
Authors: Joesidawati M I , Suwarsih S
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to assess marine health on the scale of coastal water and reveal its potential to provide a benchmark for sustainable marine development activities in Tuban Regency. This study uses IKLI (Indeks Kesehatan Laut Indonesia) which is an OHI (Ocean Health Index) framework that has been modified according to the needs and the Indonesian environment. IKLI indicator used is adapted to the Tuban coastal environment. The results showed the overall IKLI value was 58 (out of 100) for the 2016-2020. IKLI value is based on 10 types of marine destinations, namely as a source of food (87), as a support for traditional fisheries (70), as a product of natural materials (65), as a source of livelihood and economy (90), as a provider of tourism and recreation services (80), based on the five objectives shows that the coastal ecosystem of Tuban contributes significantly to community livelihoods and the regional economy. The measurement of low-value IKLI for marine destination types as carbon storage (45), coastal protection (30), protection of species and iconic places (35); clean sea-water (33) and marine biodiversity (41) mean the coastal waters of Tuban with sandy beaches indicate the impact of sea-level rise and excessive activities in coastal areas causing pollution levels to increase.both.
Potential of sappan wood extract as a feed additive on the feed conversion on organic matter digestibility on the buck exposed to heat stress
Authors: Agustono B , Rahmaniyah I , Fikri F , Prastiya R A
Published: July 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of sappan wood extract as a feed additive on feed conversion and organic matter digestibility on the buck exposed to heat stress. The study used with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions. The experimental animals were 100 bucks of Rex type at 5 months of age. The average weight of the buck was ±1.8 kg. Afterward, the bucks were divided into 4 groups and given different treatment for 4 weeks, namely K+ (basal feed + heat stress), K- (basal feed + ambient temperature), P1 (basal feed + sappan wood extract 100 mg/kg + heat stress) and P2 (basal feed + sappan wood extract 300 mg/kg + heat stress). Data were recorded in the fourth week after observation based on the feed conversion ratio and Organic matter digestibility. The average score of the feed conversion of K+, K-, P1, and P2 was 6.79; 6.41; 6.10; 6.14 respectively. The average score of organic matter digestibility of K+, K-, P1, and P2 was 74.247; 74.310; 73.916; 73.804 respectively. The results of this study indicated that there were significant differences (p <0.05) in the treatment and control group.
Diversity of holothuroidea by spicule type in the intertidal zone of Sepanjang Beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Yunita N , Amalia A , Ponkiyawati F A , Janah L N , Khasanah L U , Gavintri M B , Nurahmah Z , Khalallia F B R , Epilurahman R
Published: July 2022

Holothuroidea are common individuals of benthic communities in numerous marine biological systems. They work as supplement recyclers and bioturbators of delicate bottoms and are preyed upon by fishes, birds, mollusks, crustaceans, and other taxa. Sepanjang Beach has a coral community composed of coral reefs and dominated by algae in the surface, which is a habitat for a variety of complex and diverse benthic invertebrates, one of which is holothuroidea. However, little is known about the diversity of holothurians in the area. From 2014 to 2015 there were 5 species found on Sepanjang coast, namely Holothuria leucospilota, Actinopyga echinites, Stichopus horren, Holothuria scabra, and Holothuria hilla. Samples were collected on June 9, 2021 at Sepanjang Beach using the purposive random sampling method and identified based on the type of spicules taken on the dorsal and ventral integument. The results obtained found 7 species, namely Holothuria papilifera, Holothuria cinerascens, Holothuria impatiens, Holothuria pardalis, Actinopyga miliaris, Holothuria hilla, and Actinopyga sp. The absence of previous records of these species may be associated with their low densities and cryptic habits. This research acts to fill knowledge about distribution and diversity of holothurians in the south coast of java island, especially Sepanjang beach, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta.
The Growth and Bacteriocin Productions of Enterococcus Faecium Cultured in Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions
Authors: Ali Muhamad , Artha Melinda Sanggu , Suryadi Muhamad Aidil Fadjar , Kisworo Djoko , Amin Muhamad
Published: July 2022

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial compounds produced by diverse members of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Bacteriocins can be used as food bio preservatives to increase the shelf life of food naturally by preventing or killing foodborne pathogens. One of the lactic acid bacteria that produce bacteriocin is Enterococcus faecium. Some LAB grown on semi-synthetic complex media such as MRS (de Mann Rogosa Sharpe) can make a high population of bacterial cells and relatively large bacteriocins. This study aimed to observe the growth of E. faecium on MRS and LB media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Cultures were performed for 4.5h, 5h, 5.5h, 6h, 6.5h, and 7h. The amount of bacteriocin produced was investigated by SDS-PAGE. Meanwhile, the inhibitory activity was measured against Listeria monocytogenes (LM). The results showed that E. faecium grew better in deMan Rogosa Sharp (MRS) medium under anaerobic conditions than in MRS medium under aerobic conditions as well as Luria Bertani (LB) media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The SDS-PAGE results showed a protein band measuring about 90 kDa, which was thought to be a bacteriocin. The inhibition test showed a clear zone in the LM culture, which indicated that the bacteria produced bacteriocins that could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
The Ecological Habitat of Spiny Lobster (Panulirus spp.): Case Study on Lobster Fishing Ground in Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Amin Muhamad , Fitria Anis , Muslichah Nur Aini , Musdalifah Laila
Published: July 2022

The high market demand for baby lobster (Panulirus spp.) so far has been only met by natural catches. On the other hand, the recruitment rate for the lobster seeds in nature is very small (<0.1%). To prevent this from happening, a breakthrough in lobster hatchery technology must be developed immediately. A starting point to develop a lobster hatchery is to know the natural habitat of lobster peurulii and imitate it to provide a suitable environment for their indoor culture. Therefore, this research aimed at investigating the natural habitat of spiny lobster at one of the most common fishing grounds for spiny lobster in East Java, which is Kili-Kili Bay, Karang Gongso, Trenggalek Regency. The measured parameters were mostly focused on physical characteristics including the substrate, DO, transparency, dissolved oxygen salinity, temperature and depth in the waters. The results showed Kili-Lili Bay had in general 18-25 m depth, the salinity of 30-35 ppt, temperature 27-29°C, dissolved oxygen of 5-6.7 and transparency of 5-6,5 m, and sandy substrate. These results can be used as preliminary knowledge to build an artificial environment for lobster hatchery indoors.
The use of local raw materials and fermented feeds for the growth of Giant Prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)
Authors: Mulyasari  , Setijaningsih L , Samsudin R , Taufik I , Kusmini I I
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of local raw materials feed and fermented feed on the growth of giant prawns. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 3 treatments with 3 replications, each treatment was (A) commercial feed as a control; (B) feed based on local raw materials and (C) feed based on fermented local raw materials. The study was conducted at Sukawening Village, Dramaga District, Bogor Regency. The giant prawn that used has an initial weight of 0.31±0.005 g with stocking density of 50 fish/m2. The container used was a tarpaulin pond measuring 2x3x0.5m2. The study was conducted for 53 days. Observation variables include growth parameters, feed conversion, protein and fat retention, body amino acids and digestive tract enzyme activity. The results showed that feed based on local raw materials was able to produce relative growth (620±10.43%), specific growth rate (3.80±0.28%/day), protein retention (43.26%) and fat retention (36.1%) higher than other treatments and gave the lowest feed conversion value (1.07) compared to commercial feed and feed based on fermented local raw materials. These results indicate that feed based on local raw materials potential to be applied to giant prawn culture.
Characteristics of turtle laying habitat on vemara beach, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java
Authors: Isroni W , Maulida N , Irfan Muhajir M , Surya Lesmana P , Aji Ismail D
Published: July 2022

Turtles have a unique behavior, namely laying eggs on the same beach where they hatched. Turtles as protected animals continue to experience a decline in population caused by various factors including the degradation of nesting habitats. This study aims to determine the condition of the Cemara Beach habitat as a turtle nesting habitat. The research was conducted during September-November 2020 with a survey method by measuring the parameters of the Cemara Beach habitat which include sand temperature, air temperature, air humidity, beach width, beach slope, vegetation types and predators. The data collected was then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The average air temperature is 28.07oC, the average sand temperature at a depth of 50 cm is 29.95oC, the average air humidity is 71.53%, the average beach width is 40 m and the average beach slope is 11.80 which shows the sloping beach category. The types of vegetation that grow along the coast are ketapang (Terminalia catappa), sea pine (Casuarina equisetifolia), horse tread (Ipomoea pes-caprae), cikumpai cikarao (Lepturus repens). As for the presence of predators identified during the observation, namely ghost crabs (Ocypode cursor).
The effect of salinity on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) in the gills and kidneys of srikandi tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Winarti M , Sulmartiwi L , Lutfiyah L
Published: July 2022

Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) is the main stress protein synthesized by fish where there is a stressor, one of which is salinity. This study aims to determine the effect of salinity on the ekspression of HSP70 in the gills and kidneys of srikandi tilapia using the ELISA method. The parameter observed was the expression of HSP70 in the gills and kidneys of srikandi tilapia. These parameters were analyzed using one way factor ANOVA. The lower HSP70 expression was found in the P3 and the highest was found in P5 treatment. There was no difference in the gills and kidneys in the P1, P2, P3 treatments. However, the three treatments were significantly different freom the P4 and P5 treatment.
Analysis of organic waste loading (total suspended solid) from shrimp culture activity in mangara bombang coastal area – South Sulawesi Province
Authors: MHR Alauddin
Published: July 2022

The aims of this research is to analysis of organic waste (Total Suspended Solid) loading from shrimp culture activity are to Intensive, Semi Intensive, dan Traditional Plus. The methods employed in the research are; (i) field survei for shrimp culture technology and feed management applied in Mangara Bombang coastal area; (ii) Estimated Waste Organic Loading (Total Suspended Solid) based on Using Feed. Results of analysis to intensive shrimp culture (126 shrimp/m2), intensive shrimp culture (50 shrimp/m2), semi intensive shrimp culture (25 shrimp/m2), and traditional plus shrimp culture (8 shrimp/m2) show that generated for used feed are 10.058,25 kg/hectare, 2.789,54 kg/hectare, 1.681,4 kg/hectare, and 658,67 kg/hectare. While waste organic loading (Total Suspended Solid) obtained the generated are 9228.519 kg TSS/hectare, 2387.462 kg TSS/hectare, 1155.287 kg TSS/hectare, and 487.90 kg TSS/hectare.
Distribution of microalgae and omega-3 as food for Sardinella lemuru in Bali Strait
Authors: Suprakto B , Harijono T , Yudana I G P G R , Kiswanto A , Fauziah A
Published: July 2022

Sardinella lemuru is a small pelagic fish that contains high omega-3 which is distributed in the eastern Indian Ocean including the Bali Strait. Lemuru including high-fat with omega-3 content. This different fat content depends on the size of the fish, maturity, season, and type of food. The research objectives were to obtain abundance and diversity of microalgae composition as food and determine the level of omega-3 in the stomach of lemuru. The research was conducted at the 8 station with different waters characteristic. The data obtained were analized using t-test. The omega 3 content of lemuru in the second transitional season was 35.25% higher than the fish caught in the western season (21.4%). Lemuru feed on phytoplankton dominated by the Bacillariophyceae group with Chaetoceros gracilis in the second transitional season. These phytoplankton suspected important role as raw materials for forming omega 3 in the body of lemuru.
The abundance of alien fish species flowerhorn (Cichlasoma trimaculatum (GÜNTHER, 1867) in its fishing ground area at Lake Mahalona, South Sulawesi
Authors: Nasution S H , Muchlis A M , Cinnawara H T
Published: July 2022

Lake Mahalona is located in Towuti District, South Sulawesi Province. There are 29 species of fish found in Lake Mahalona and most of them are endemic fish. The presence of alien species deliberately or unexpected is one of threats causing the declining of the number of biodiversity in fresh waters. This study aims to determine the relative abundance of alien fish species Flowerhorn in its fishing ground area at Lake Mahalona. The research was conducted from January to June 2021 at six stations. Fish samples were obtained by using gill nets. The total Flowerhorn caught during the study were 15,677, the most caught in January was 3,346 and the least in June was 1,451. The Flowerhorn in January were the most number of fish at Kusapa (735), February and March at Muara (566 and 618), April at Tandumata (593), May and June at Badilla (434 and 375). The highest number and relative abundance of Flowerhorn fish were found at Kusapa in January (735 and 33.23%), while the lowest number and relative abundance of Flowerhorn fish were found at Lengkomali in June (129 and 4.62%). Flowerhorn as a alien fish species is distributed throughout the Lake Mahalona station. Flowerhorn fish occupy a lot of habitats with lots of aquatic plants, sandy and rocky substrates.
Evaluation of three species coral (Acropora branching) transplantation, case study; pantai tirtawangi Banyuwangi East Java
Authors: Anggara D P , Rahardja B S , Suciyono
Published: July 2022

The coral reef plays an important role in the marine ecosystem. These ecosystems are currently in decline due to a variety of factors such as irresponsible fishing, live coral capture for commercial purposes, seawater acidification, and others. Several attempts have been made to improve the situation, one of which was the transplantation method. Three Acropora species, Acropora Brueggemanni, Acropora Nobilis, and Acropora yongei, were planted at the best depth using the PVC rack method (5 meters) Tirtawangi Beach is located in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. We tracked the survival and growth of three transplanted corals on a monthly basis. A descriptive analysis was performed to determine the relationship between both and environmental parameters. The survival and growth rates of three Acropora corals transplanted at the optimal depth were discovered to be different for each species. Meanwhile, the three species' survival rates ranged from 96 to 100 percent, and their growth rates (mean SD) were 0.35 ± 0.11, 0.81 ±0.39, 0.47 ±0.15 cm.month-1, respectively. Furthermore, fragment adaptability to environmental changes is a major factor determining fragment growth, survival, and regeneration.
Distribution and Habitat Characteristics Of Endemic Fish Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr.) In Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra
Authors: Nasution Syahroma Husni , Suhaemi Syawal M. , Akhdiana Ira
Published: July 2022

Lake Singkarak is one of the volcanic lakes in Solok Regency, West Sumatra Province. Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is an endemic fish species and has important economic value in Lake Singkarak. Concerning will be occured degradation of the fish population in nature due to change of environment and intensive fishing. The aim of this research to obtain information on distribution and habitat characteristics of endemic fish Bilih in Lake Singkarak on May 2021. The fish captured with experimental gillnet mesh size 0.625; 0.75; and 1.0 inches at four stations. The number of Bilih fish caught during the study was 521 fish, most were found at Sumani station was 332 fish with a grain value of 45% sand, 37% silt, and 18% clay. The highest average length of male and female Bilih were 77.9 and 80.7 mm, and the highest average weight size of male and female fish was 41 and 46 mg, respectively, which was found at Sumani station. The highest GMS IV Bilih were found at Sumani station and at Paninggahan station dominated GMS III. The length and weight of male Bilih in GMS IV were the highest at 77.3 mm and 42 mg as well as female Bilih in GMS IV were at 80.6 mm and 46 mg at Sumani station. Bilih are distributed in all stations in the waters of Lake Singkarak. In general, the measurement results of water quality in Lake Singkarak during the study ranged from 27.87 – 28.91 °C for temperature, pH 8.59 – 9.24, Dissolved Oxygen ranged from 4.56 – 7.02 mg/L, Oxidation Reduction Potential ranged 30 – 155 mV, Conductivity ranges from 0.137 – 0.145 mS/Cm, Total Dissolved Solid ranges from 0.089 – 0.093 mg/L and the Sechi depth ranges from 2.27 – 3.78 meters.
Study on modification of nano silica by [3- (2-Aminoethyl) aminopropyl] trimethoxy silane (KH-792) to reinforce polymer film based on epoxy resin Epon 1001X75
Authors: Le Huy Cuong Huynh , Thi Thu Thao Nguyen
Published: July 2022

The surface of nano silica (NS) was modified by [3- (2-Aminoethyl) aminopropyl] trimethoxy silane (KH-792) to increase surface activity. Evaluate the efficiency of grafting [3- (2-Aminoethyl) aminopropyl] trimethoxy silane (KH-792) into NS was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). NS and modified nano silica (m-NS) were dispersed into epoxy resin Epon 1001X75 by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration. Epoxy resin Epon 1001X75 was cured with Epikure 3125 (Epi3125). The structural morphology and dynamic mechanical properties of materials were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). The results showed that NS was modified with the content of 20 wt% KH-792 for the highest denaturation efficiency. With adding the content of 1 wt% NS (NS-1), the mechanical properties of epoxy polymer film Epon 1001X75/Epi3125/NS-1 increased the impact strength from 20kG.cm to 52.5 kG.cm (increased by 162.5%). Adding the content of 2 wt% m-NS (m-NS-2) improved the impact strength of epoxy polymer film Epon 1001X75/Epi3125/m-NS-2 from 20 kG.cm to 55 kG.cm (increased by 175%). The glass transition temperature (Tg) of epoxy polymer composites Epon 1001X75/Epi3125, Epon 1001X75/Epi3125/NS-1, and Epon 1001X75/Epi3125/m-NS-2 gradually increased by 48 °C, 75 °C, and 79 °C. The obtained results showed that m-NS with KH-792 increased the mechanical properties of epoxy polymer film Epon 1001X75/Epi3125.
Characterization of low-temperature-grown ZnO nanoparticles: The effect of temperature on growth
Authors: Dejene F B
Published: July 2022

The growth temperature of semiconducting nanoparticles is well known to be an essential factor in determining their structure and quality of characteristics. To create high-quality ZnO nanostructures, it is critical to optimize the growth temperature. The sol-gel approach is used to render ZnO NPs at different growth temperatures in this report. The influence of growth temperature on the material properties of ZnO nanoparticles has been extensively investigated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show needle-like structures when synthesized at low temperatures (35 and 45 °C) that transformed into spherical particles as the temperature of the growing medium increased to 75 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis displays an increase in crystallinity with annealing temperatures. The average crystallite sizes of ZnO nanoparticles rose with increasing growth temperature and varied from 28 to 34 nm. The XRD peaks positions shift slightly towards lower 2θ angles with the growth temperatures brought about by a change in lattice parameters. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study revealed the presence of a Z–O bond at around 680 cm−1. The intensity of the defect level emission (DLE) band decreased, as the growth temperature exceeded 35 °C. The photoluminescence (PL) study further demonstrated that the prepared nanoparticles had a strong emission peak at 546 nm. PL measurements confirm that with increasing growth temperature, the excitonic peak intensity increases, indicating that the quality of ZnO nanoparticles improves. The estimated bandgap changed from 3.31 to 3.24 eV with the growth temperature.
Metal accumulation in muscle and oxidative stress response in the liver of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus from contaminated sediment under a simulation of increasing temperature
Authors: Ihunwo O C , Ibezim-Ezeani M U
Published: July 2022

In the present study, a mesocosm experiment with contaminated sediment and clean groundwater using juvenile Oreochromis niloticus was set up to assess the effect of increasing temperature on bioaccumulation of metal in fish muscles (cadmium, chromium, nickel, and lead) and enzymatic activities in fish liver [reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px)]. The trend of temperature variation was Control 1 (0 Watts) < 60 Watts < 100 Watts < Control 2 (200 Watts). After 72 h, there was no observed mortality in Controls 1 and 2; however, the % Survival in 0 Watts reduced to 90.0 ± 4.0%. Furthermore, 60, 100 and 200 Watts had lower rates of survival at 46.0 ± 6.9, 36.0 ± 13.1, and 24.0 ± 11.1% respectively. The calculated bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for metals was in the trend: Pb > Cd > Cr > Ni. Mean metal pollution index (MPI) in fish muscles was lowest at 0 watts (24 h − 7.86 ± 1.72, 72 h − 25.77 ± 4.56) and highest at 100 watts (24 h − 39.45 ± 1.91, 72 h − 55.82 ± 1.05). Controls 1 and 2 showed no significant difference in the concentration of GSH and GR while showing a significant difference in GST and GSH Px concentrations after 24 and 72 h. Pearson’s correlation showed that GSH was inhibited by water temperature and, Cd, Cr, and Pb concentrations in surface water and fish. Therefore, an increase in ambient temperature in an already contaminated environment will increase the bioavailability of metal contaminants leading to an increase in bioaccumulation and exacerbation of oxidative stress in juvenile tilapia.
Adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine expressing S1-N fusion protein
Authors: Khan Muhammad S , Kim Eun , McPherson Alex , Weisel Florian J , Huang Shaohua , Kenniston Thomas W , Percivalle Elena , Cassaniti Irene , Baldanti Fausto , Meisel Marlies , Gambotto Andrea
Published: July 2022

Additional COVID-19 vaccines that are safe and immunogenic are needed for global vaccine equity. Here, we developed a recombinant type 5 adenovirus vector encoding for the SARS-CoV-2 S1 subunit antigen and nucleocapsid as a fusion protein (Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N). A single subcutaneous immunization with Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N induced a similar humoral response, along with a significantly higher S1-specific cellular response, as a recombinant type 5 adenovirus vector encoding for S1 alone (Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1). Immunogenicity was improved by homologous prime-boost vaccination, and further improved through intramuscular heterologous prime-boost vaccination using subunit recombinant S1 protein. Priming with low dose (1 × 1010 v.p.) of Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N and boosting with either wild-type recombinant rS1 or B.1.351 recombinant rS1 induced a robust neutralizing response, which was sustained against Beta and Gamma SARS-CoV-2 variants. This novel Ad5-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate showed promising immunogenicity in mice and supports the further development of COVID-19-based vaccines incorporating the nucleoprotein as a target antigen.
Mesh-fixation technique for inguinal hernia repair: umbrella review
Authors: Techapongsatorn Suphakarn , Tansawet Amarit , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Attia John , Mckay Gareth J , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: July 2022

Background

Mesh-based repair is the standard of surgical care for symptomatic inguinal hernias. Many systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) addressed various aspects of these procedures. This umbrella review aimed to report the evidence from all previous SRMAs for open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

Methods

SRMAs were identified from MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, DARE, PROSPERO, CINAHL, JBISRIS, EPPI-Centre, Wiley Online Library and ScienceDirect database according to PRISMA guidelines. Data including mesh-fixation techniques and surgical approach were extracted from selected SRMAs. The corrected covered area was calculated to address study overlap across reviews, and an excess significance test was used to assess potential bias. The outcomes of interest were hernia recurrence, chronic groin pain, operating time, postoperative pain, duration of hospital stay, return to daily life activities, and postoperative complication.

Results

Thirty SRMAs were included between 2010 and 2019: 16 focused on open repair, and 14 focused on laparoscopic repair, with a high degree of overlap (open repairs, 41 per cent; laparoscopic repairs, 30–57 per cent). Sufficient evidence was available on hernia recurrence, chronic groin pain, and operative time. Effects of glue on hernia recurrence were inconclusive in open and laparoscopy approaches, P = 0.816 and 0.946 respectively. Glue was significantly associated with lower persistent groin pain, in open repair (versus suture) and in laparoscopic repair (versus tack). SRMAs suggested that self-gripping mesh was associated with shorter operating time in open surgery, although with only a few minutes of improvement (0.36–7.85 min, P < 0.001).

Conclusion

In this umbrella review, chronic groin pain and operating time were the only outcomes for which there was sufficient evidence supporting the effectiveness respectively of glue and self-gripping mesh.
Application of Supervised and Unsupervised Learning Approaches for Mapping Storage Conditions of Biopharmaceutical Product—A Case Study of Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Lalchandani Dimple S , Paritala Sreeteja , Gupta Pawan Kumar , Porwal Pawan Kumar
Published: July 2022

The stability of biopharmaceutical therapeutics over the storage period/shelf life has been a challenging concern for manufacturers. A noble strategy for mapping best and suitable storage conditions for recombinant human serum albumin (rHSA) in laboratory mixture was optimized using chromatographic data as per principal component analysis (PCA), and similarity was defined using hierarchical cluster analysis. In contrast, separability was defined using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) models. The quantitation was performed for rHSA peak (analyte of interest) and its degraded products, i.e., dimer, trimer, agglomerates and other degradation products. The chromatographic variables were calculated using validated stability-indicating assay method. The chromatographic data mapping was done for the above-mentioned peaks over three months at different temperatures, i.e., 20°C, 5–8°C and at room temperature (25°C). The PCA had figured out the ungrouped variable, whereas supervised mapping was done using LDA. As an outcome result of LDA, about 60% of data were correctly classified with the highest sensitivity for 25°C (Aq), 25°C and 5–8°C (Aq with 5% glucose as a stabilizer), whereas the highest specificity was observed for samples stored at 5–8°C (Aq with 5% glucose as a stabilizer).
A case report of giant cell myocarditis after a syncope-related motor vehicle accident: an atypical presentation for a life-threatening condition
Authors: Pham Lily A , Chung Joseph , Gavaghan Callan
Published: July 2022

Background

Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and rapidly progressive disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Whilst patients more frequently present with acute heart failure, diagnosis is difficult due to heterogeneity in clinical presentations.

Case summary

This case report presents a previously healthy 59-year-old Vietnamese woman who initially presented with syncope and a motor vehicle accident who developed rapid decline in left ventricular function. Her initial echocardiogram was suggestive of an infiltrative cardiomyopathy. GCM was confirmed on biopsy, and she received combined immunosuppression. Twenty-seven days following her initial presentation to hospital, she was unable to recover from severe multi-organ dysfunction, and the patient was palliated and passed away.

Discussion

This case highlights the varied manner in which GCM may present. Even in the absence of cardiogenic shock at presentation, giant cell myocarditis should be considered in the evaluation of new cardiomyopathy of uncertainty aetiology. Diagnosis of this condition has distinct clinical implications on management and prognosis.
Is local and organic produce less satiating? Some evidence from a field experiment
Authors: Franceschinis Cristiano , Scarpa Riccardo , Rossetto Luca , Thiene Mara
Published: July 2022

We investigate consumers’ preferences towards local and organic food via a framed field experiment involving revealed multiple discrete–continuous choices. Participants were endowed with a cash amount as a budget to purchase any desired quantity of different products. We modelled choices via the multiple discrete–continuous nested extreme value model. Central to our investigation is the test of the hypothesis of the constant effect of attitudes across consumption doses, which is normally an assumption invoked a priori and without testing in discrete choice analyses. Our results support the hypothesis and reveal a strong preference towards organic and local products, associated with both the highest baseline utility and the lowest satiation effect.
Lipid cutoffs for increased cardiovascular disease risk in non-diabetic young people
Authors: Kim Mee Kyoung , Han Kyungdo , Kim Hun-Sung , Yoon Kun-Ho , Lee Seung-Hwan
Published: July 2022

Aims

The relevance of blood lipid abnormalities to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young populations is unclear. Here, we aimed to identify the cutoff levels of lipid parameters for increased risk of CVD among nondiabetic young adults aged 20–39 years.

Methods

Using data from a nationally representative Korean National Health Insurance System database, we followed up 6 204 153 subjects who underwent health examinations between 2009 and 2012 until the end of 2018. The primary outcome was incident CVD, defined as a composite of myocardial infarction and stroke. We assessed the associations between pre-specified lipid levels and CVD risk. Subgroup analysis of the number of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, and current smoking) was also conducted.

Results

During a median follow-up of 7.7 years, there were 14 569 (0.23%) cases of myocardial infarction, 9,459 (0.15%) cases of stroke, and 23 680 (0.38%) cases of composite CVD. Using total cholesterol (TC) level of <140 mg/dL, triglyceride (TG) level of <60 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol level of <100 mg/dL, and non-HDL-cholesterol level of <130 mg/dL as reference groups, a significantly higher risk of CVD was observed in subjects with a TC level of ≥200 mg/dL, TG level of ≥60 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol level of ≥130 mg/dL, or non-HDL-cholesterol level of ≥140 mg/dL. The cutoff levels of TC that had statistical significance for increased risk of CVD were 240, 220, and 200 mg/dL in subjects with 0, 1, or 2–3 risk factors, respectively.

Conclusions

Even modest increases in lipid levels were associated with increased risk of CVD in this nondiabetic young population. Our data provide potential criteria for stratifying CVD risk based on real-world evidence.
Thermo-poromechanics of chemically active faults—enriching Anderson’s theory of faulting in sedimentary rocks
Authors: Sari M , Alevizos S , Poulet T , Veveakis E
Published: July 2022

A suggested model to explain the episodic nature of slow earthquakes involves shear zones exhibiting rate- and temperature-dependent frictional behaviour hosting fluid-release chemical reactions. In this work we extend the considerations of that approach, coupling the effects of the mechanics at different faulting regimes to the chemically induced fluid pressurization inside the fault. By introducing a pressure and temperature dependence of the mechanical response in an elasto-viscoplastic model we are able to correlate the inclination angles of those specific faults with their dynamical response and enrich their faulting regimes with kinematic characterization. We retrieve that steeply dipping (normal) faults exhibit a simple response of either being locked or slip at fast seismic velocities; shallow dipping (reverse) faults on the other hand exhibit a much richer behaviour where episodic stick-slip instabilities can be encountered. When present, their magnitude depends on the (reverse) fault’s angle with faults dipping at around 45° exhibiting a maximum, whereas sub-horizontal thrusts exhibit episodic stick-slip events as low velocities and magnitude. These findings position slow earthquakes and episodic tremor and slip sequences as a natural response of shallow dipping (thrust) faults, in a regime that according to rate-and-state friction considerations is intrinsically stable.
The Current State of Care for Black and Hispanic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Liu Julia J , Abraham Bincy P , Adamson Paula , Barnes Edward L , Brister Kelly A , Damas Oriana M , Glover Sarah C , Hooks Kimberly , Ingram Ana , Kaplan Gilaad G , Loftus Edward V , McGovern Dermot P B , Narain-Blackwell Melodie , Odufalu Florence-Damilola , Quezada Sandra , Reeves Vonda , Shen Bo , Stappenbeck Thaddeus S , Ward Latonia
Published: July 2022

Research on the care of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients has been primarily in populations of European ancestry. However, the incidence of IBD, which comprises Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is increasing in different populations around the world. In this comprehensive review, we examine the epidemiology, clinical presentations, disease phenotypes, treatment outcomes, social determinants of health, and genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of IBD in Black and Hispanic patients in the United States. To improve health equity of underserved minorities with IBD, we identified the following priority areas: access to care, accurate assessment of treatment outcomes, incorporation of Black and Hispanic patients in therapeutic clinical trials, and investigation of environmental factors that lead to the increase in disease incidence.
Addressing Heteronormativity: The Not-So-Lost Requirement of Discretion in (Austrian) Asylum Law
Authors: Sussner Petra
Published: July 2022

In refugee matters concerning sexual orientation, ‘discretion’ reasoning is as commonplace as it is unlawful. In its 2013 ruling in X, Y, and Z, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) declared that it was unreasonable to expect that asylum seekers should conceal their sexual orientation by being ‘discreet’ in order to avoid persecution, and that such a requirement in domestic refugee status determination procedures would be incompatible with European Union (EU) law. However, this did not put an end to the matter. Discretion reasoning still forms part of the process to determine refugee status in many EU countries. This article examines the persistence of discretion reasoning, using Austria as an example. It argues that, whilst the CJEU definitively banned such reasoning, the court failed to give any indication as to how decision makers should proceed from this point. X, Y, and Z has thus created a legal vacuum, and there is a risk that normative sociocultural concepts like heteronormativity will be applied in such cases. Indeed, despite the CJEU ruling, it is still common in many societies to expect that LGBTIQ people be discreet. As such, decision makers may find themselves imposing a discretion requirement, even if unconsciously. The main aim of the article is to assess the resulting persistence of discretion reasoning through the lens of heteronormativity, and to provide practical suggestions for assessing refugee status in a way that ensures discretion is no longer required.
Adopting an American framework to optimize nursing admission documentation in an Australian health organization
Authors: Shala Danielle Ritz , Jones Aaron , Fairbrother Greg , Davis Jordanna , MacGregor Alastair , Baysari Melissa
Published: July 2022

Objective

Apply and modify the American Essential Clinical Dataset (ECD) approach to optimize the data elements of an electronic nursing admission assessment form in a metropolitan Australian local health district.

Materials and Methods

We used the American ECD approach but made modifications. Our approach included (1) a review of data, (2) a review of current admission practice via consultations with nurses, (3) a review of evidence and policies, (4) workshops with nursing and informatics teams in partnership with the electronic medical record (eMR) vendor, and (5) team debrief sessions to consolidate findings and decide what data elements should be kept, moved, or removed from the admission form.

Results

Of 165 data elements in the form, 32% (n = 53) had 0% usage, while 25% (n = 43) had 100% usage. Nurses’ perceptions of the form’s purpose varied. Eight policy documents specifically prescribed data to be noted at admission. Workshops revealed risks of moving or removing data elements, but also uncovered ways of streamlining the form. Consolidation of findings from all phases resulted in a recommendation to reduce 91% of data elements.

Discussion

Application of a modified ECD approach allowed the team to identify opportunities for significantly reducing and reorganizing data elements in the eMR to enhance the utility, quality, visibility, and value of nursing admission data.

Conclusion

We found the modified ECD approach effective for identifying data elements and work processes that were unnecessary and duplicated. Our findings and methodology can inform improvements in nursing clinical practice, information management, and governance in a digital health age.
How Political Ideology Shapes Preferences for Observably Inferior Products
Authors: Lisjak Monika , Ordabayeva Nailya
Published: July 2022

While existing consumer research on political ideology often focuses on ideological differences in preferences for high-status, typically observably superior products, little is known about how political ideology may shape preferences for observably inferior products in non-status-signaling domains. Observably inferior products are product options that are dominated by alternatives along observable dimensions. We propose that, in non-status-signaling domains, conservatives are more interested in observably inferior products than liberals. This happens because conservatives (vs. liberals) have a stronger belief that things, including products, are in balance, whereby positives offset negatives. As a result, when presented with observably inferior products, conservatives (vs. liberals) are more likely to engage in compensatory reasoning and attribute positive qualities to these products, boosting their appeal. Activating belief in balance and preventing compensatory reasoning through cognitive load attenuate this effect. Salience of status-signaling motives serves as a boundary condition. Five studies and four follow-ups provide converging evidence using data collected in the laboratory and in the field, hypothetical and actual product choices, a variety of product categories and participant populations. These findings contribute to research on political ideology, compensatory inferences, and inferior products and provide insights with respect to managing product manufacturing, inventory, and waste.
Eye Gnat (Liohippelates, Diptera: Chloropidae) Biology, Ecology, and Management: Past, Present, and future
Authors: Klepzig Kier D , Hartshorn Jessica A , Tsalickis Alexandra , Sheehan Thomas N
Published: July 2022

Eye gnats (mainly Liohippelates pusio and Liohippelates collusor) are pest species that have been the subject of considerable research and extension activity in the United States since the 1930s. They cause considerable discomfort and stress—and may transmit pathogens—to humans and animals. We reviewed the abundant literature on biological, ecological, and management aspects of Liohippelates eye gnats. Eye gnat biology and life cycles have been well studied in agricultural systems. However, their ecology, roles in trophic cascades, and functions in natural ecosystems, particularly forests, are not well documented. Additionally, there remain opportunities to improve traps, repellents, deterrents, and controls for eye gnats. The substantial and substantive early work on these insects provides a strong foundation for future investigations and extension.
Moving China’s renewable portfolio standard forward: lessons from the US experiences
Authors: Dai Anni
Published: July 2022

As China is transitioning to the renewable portfolio standard (RPS) regime, this article examines its nascent design and finds it incorporate insufficient forces to generate demand for the renewable resource. Moreover, without further clarification on the flexibility of compliance methods, China’s RPS tends to distort the electricity market. To move China’s RPS system forward, this article takes a close look at the experiences of mature RPS statutes in the New England states, as one bunch of RPS representatives in the USA, and argues critical components following a set of best practices, including a predictable and stable timeframe for stringent targets and the mandatory compliance mechanism with flexible rules. Nevertheless, as no consistent RPS exists across the USA, state-centered RPS statutes are caught up in legal disputes that highlight the necessity of China’s RPS enactment to ensure the compliance market does its job.
A chemical map of the outbursting V883 Ori system: vertical and radial structures
Authors: Ruíz-Rodríguez D A , Williams J P , Kastner J H , Cieza L , Leemker M , Principe D A
Published: July 2022

We present the first results of a pilot program to conduct an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 6 (211–275 GHz) spectral line study of young stellar objects (YSOs) that are undergoing rapid accretion episodes, i.e. FU Ori objects (FUors). Here, we report on molecular emission line observations of the FUor system, V883 Ori. In order to image the FUor object with a full coverage from ∼0.5 arcsec to the map size of ∼30 arcsec, i.e. from disc to outflow scales, we combine the ALMA main array (the 12-m array) with the Atacama Compact Array (7-m array) and the Total Power (TP) array. We detect HCN, HCO+, CH3OH, SO, DCN, and H2CO emission with most of these lines displaying complex kinematics. From position–velocity (PV) diagrams, the detected molecules HCN, HCO+, CH3OH, DCN, SO, and H2CO probe a Keplerian rotating disc in a direction perpendicular to the large-scale outflow detected previously with the 12CO and 13CO lines. Additionally, HCN and HCO+ reveal kinematic signatures of infall motion. The north outflow is seen in HCO+, H2CO, and SO emission. Interestingly, HCO+ emission reveals a pronounced inner depression or ‘hole’ with a size comparable to the radial extension estimated for the CH3OH and 230 GHz continuum. The inner depression in the integrated HCO+ intensity distribution of V883 Ori is most likely the result of optical depth effects, wherein the optically thick nature of the HCO+ and continuum emission towards the innermost parts of V883 Ori can result in a continuum subtraction artefact in the final HCO+ flux level.
Evidence for C and Mg variations in the GD-1 stellar stream
Authors: Balbinot Eduardo , Cabrera-Ziri Ivan , Lardo Carmela
Published: July 2022

Dynamically cold stellar streams are the relics left over from globular cluster dissolution. These relics offer a unique insight into a now fully disrupted population of ancient clusters in our Galaxy. Using a combination of Gaia eDR3 proper motions, optical and near-UV colours, we select a sample of likely Red Giant Branch stars from the GD-1 stream for medium-low resolution spectroscopic follow-up. Based on radial velocity and metallicity, we are able to find 14 new members of GD-1, 5 of which are associated with the spur and blob/cocoon off-stream features. We measured C-abundances to probe for abundance variations known to exist in globular clusters. These variations are expected to manifest in a subtle way in globular clusters with such low masses ($\sim 10^4\,{\rm ~\textrm {M}_\odot }$) and metallicities ([Fe/H] ∼ −2.1 dex). We find that the C-abundances of the stars in our sample display a small but significant (3σ level) spread. Furthermore, we find ∼3σ variation in Mg-abundances among the stars in our sample that have been observed by APOGEE. These abundance patterns match the ones found in Galactic globular clusters of similar metallicity. Our results suggest that GD-1 represents another fully disrupted low-mass globular cluster where light-element abundance spreads have been found.
Establishment of blood glycosidase activities and their excursions in sepsis
Authors: Haslund-Gourley Benjamin S , Aziz Peter V , Heithoff Douglas M , Restagno Damien , Fried Jeffrey C , Ilse Mai-Britt , Bäumges Hannah , Mahan Michael J , Lübke Torben , Marth Jamey D
Published: July 2022

Glycosidases are hydrolytic enzymes studied principally in the context of intracellular catabolism within the lysosome. Therefore, glycosidase activities are classically measured in experimentally acidified assay conditions reflecting their low pH optima. However, glycosidases are also present in the bloodstream where they may retain sufficient activity to participate in the regulation of glycoprotein half-lives, proteostasis, and disease pathogenesis. We have, herein, established at physiological pH 7.4 in blood plasma and sera the normal ranges of four major glycosidase activities essential for blood glycoprotein remodeling in healthy mice and humans. These activities included β-galactosidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, α-mannosidase, and α-fucosidase. We have identified their origins to include the mammalian genes Glb1, HexB, Man2a1, and Fuca1. In experimental sepsis, excursions of glycosidase activities occurred with differences in host responses to discrete bacterial pathogens. Among similar excursions in human sepsis, the elevation of β-galactosidase activity was a prognostic indicator of increased likelihood of patient death.