bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Mg-doped NiO Nanoparticles Decorated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Nanocomposite and their Biological Activities
Authors: Ali Noor Q. , Taha Ali A. , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Ali Ihab Q. , Ahmed Duha S.
Published: June 2021

Here we report a novel nanocomposite composed from Mg-doped NiO and Mg-doped\MWCNT using a facile sol-gel method. The synthesized Mg-doped NiO and Mg-doped\MWCNT nanocomposite was characterization by XRD diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The X-Ray analysis revealed that the formation of nanocomposites, which has a cubic phase and a high crystalline nature. The FE-SEM images confirmed the success of decoration the 6%Mg- doped NiO on the surface of the treated MWCNT through the emergence of spherical shapes over the cylindrical tubes. Conversely, optical measurements reveal that the energy gap value for the Mg-NiO and the Mg/NiO-MWCNT nanocomposite are 3.28 and 2.82 eV, respectively. This indicates decreasing the zone between conduction band and valance band. Moreover, it found that Mg doped NiO\MWCNT nanocomposite showed high removal efficiency towards the lead element compared with the Mg-doped NiO. Also, MTT test was employed to study antitumor activity against MCF-7 and WRL68 cells. Our results showed that the Mg doped NiO-MWCNT had cell viability of 66.7 and 71.9% against MCF-7 and WRL68, respectively. Whereas, Mg-doped NiO sample showed cell viability of 70.2 and 71.9% against MCF-7 and WRL68, respectively.
LncRNAs and CircRNAs Control Myofiber-Specific Expression Profiles by Acting as CeRNAs in Mongolian Horses
Authors: Bao Tugeqin , Han Haige , Zhao Ruoyang , Mongke Togtokh , La Xima , Ding Wenqi , Jia Zijie , Liu Huiying , Tiemuqier Aertengqimike , An Tana , Dugarjaviin Manglai , Bai Dongyi
Published: June 2021

Background: The heterogeneity and plasticity of muscle fibers are essential for the athletic performance of horses, mainly at the adaption of exercises and the effect on muscle diseases. Skeletal muscle fibers can be generally distinguished by their characteristics of contraction as slow and fast type myofibers. The diversity of contractile properties and metabolism enable skeletal muscles to respond to the variable functional requirements. We investigated the muscle fiber composition and metabolic enzyme activities of splenius muscle and gluteus medius muscle from Mongolian horses. The deep RNA-seq analysis of detecting differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and their correlation analysis from two muscles were performed.Results: Splenius muscle and gluteus medius muscle from Mongolian horses showed a high divergence of myofiber compositions and metabolic enzyme activities. Corresponding to their phenotypic characteristics, 94 differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs and 91 differentially expressed circle RNAs were found between two muscles. The analysis results indicate multiple binding sites were detected in lncRNAs and circRNAs with myofiber-specific expressed miRNAs. Among which we found significant correlations between the above noncoding RNAs, miRNAs, their target genes, myofiber-specific developmental transcript factors, and sarcomere genes. Conclusions: We suggest that the ceRNA mechanism of myofiber-specific expressed noncoding RNAs by acting as miRNA sponges could be fine tuners in regulating skeletal muscle fiber composition and transition in horses, which will operate new protective measures of muscle disease and locomotor adaption for racehorses.
Assembly of Two New Coordination Polymers: Luminescent Properties and Anti-inflammatory Activity on Postoperative Infectious Endophthalmitis
Authors: Bian Guang-Qing , Zhang Shi-Xi , Qu Xiao-Li
Published: June 2021

The solvothermal reactions via the self-assemble approach produced two new metal-organic compounds, i.e, [Zn(4-cptpy)(HCOO)(H2O)]n·n(DMF) (1) and [Cd3(btc)2(4-cptpyH)(DMF)(H2O)3]n (2) (DMF is N,N’-dimethylformamide, H3btc is benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, and 4-Hcptpy is 4-[2,6-bis(pyridine-4-yl)pyridine-4-yl]benzoic acid). Furthermore, the compounds’ luminescent performances have also been studied. As a result, compounds 1-2 show intense luminescence at room temperature. The evaluation of their application values against postoperative infectious endophthalmitis (PIE) was implemented and their specific mechanism was investigated. First of all, the real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed and the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κb) signaling pathway activation levels were measured. In addition to this, the inflammatory cytokines content released after the cataract surgery was determined through exploiting the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection kit.
The Effect of Mechanical Stress on Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy; Utilization of Novel In Vitro Multi-torsional Stretch Loading Device
Authors: Kwon Woo-Keun , Ham Chang Hwa , Choi Hyuk , Baek Seung Min , Lee Jae Won , Park Youn-Kwan , Moon Hong Joo , Kim Joo Han
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveWe developed a novel multi-torsional mechanical stretch stress (MSS) loading device for ligamentum flavum (LF) cells and evaluated its influence on the development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH), a common cause of lumbar spinal canal stenosis.Materials and MethodsStretch strength of the device was optimized by applying 5% and 15% MSS loads for 24, 48, and 72 h. A cytotoxicity assay of human LF cells was performed and the results were compared to control (0%) MSS. Inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], and extracellular matrix (ECM)-regulating cytokines (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase [TIMP]-1 and TIMP-2) were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsUsing our multi-torsional MSS loading device, 5% MSS for 24 h was optimal for LF cells. Under this condition, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels, VEGF level, and MMR-1, MMR-3, and TIMP-2 were significantly increased, compared to the control. ConclusionUsing the novel multi-torsional MSS loading device we confirmed that, mechanical stress enhances the production of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors, and altered the expression of ECM-regulating enzymes, possibly triggering LFH. This discovery enhances our understating of the effects of mechanical stress on LFH.
Pharmacological Neuroenhancement Among German University Students: Identification of Potential Risk Groups and its Relation to Psychological, Psychosocial, and Health Behavioral Factors
Authors: Heller Sebastian , Tibubos Ana Nanette , Hoff Thilo Alexander , Werner Antonia Maria , Reichel Jennifer L. , Mülder Lina Marie , Schäfer Markus , Pfirrmann Daniel , Stark Birgit , Rigotti Thomas , Simon Perikles , Beutel Manfred E. , Letzel Stephan , Dietz Pavel
Published: June 2021

Aiming to develop and implement intervention strategies targeting pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN) among university students more specifically, we i) assessed the prevalence of PN among German university students, ii) identified potential sociodemographic and study-related risk groups, and iii), investigated sociodemographic, psychological, study-related psychosocial, general psychosocial and health behavior related factors predicting the 12-month prevalence of PN. Therefore, a cross-sectional online survey was administered to all students of the University of Mainz, Germany. A binary logistic regression with stepwise inclusion of the five variable groups was performed to predict PN.A total of N = 4,351 students participated in the survey of which N = 3,984 answered the question with regard to PN. Of these, 10.4% had used one substance for PN at least once in the past 12 months. The regression revealed 13 variables that were significantly related to the 12-month prevalence of PN.Specifically, the group of health behavior variables had the strongest influence on the explained variance of PN. Therefore, an approach to the prevention of PN should be multifactorial so that it addresses social conditions, as well as education on substance use and healthy behaviors in terms of non-pharmacological strategies as alternatives of PN.
Quantitative Prediction Model for Affinity of Drug-Target Interactions Based on Molecular Vibration and Overall System of Ligand-Receptor
Authors: wang xian rui , cao ting ting , jia cong min , tian xue mei , Wang Yun
Published: June 2021

Background: the study of drug-target interactions (DTIs) affinity plays an important role in safety assessment and pharmacology. Currently, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and molecular docking (MD) are most common methods in research of DTIs affinity. However, they often built for a specific target or several targets and most QSAR and MD were based either only on structure of drug molecules or on structure of targets with low accuracy and small scope of application. How to construct quantitative prediction models with high accuracy with wide applicability remains a challenge. To this end, this paper screened molecular descriptors based on molecular vibrations and took molecule-target as a whole system to construct prediction model with high accuracy-wide applicability based on Kd and EC50, and to provide reference for quantifying affinity of DTIs.Methods: Through parametric characterization based on molecular vibrations and protein sequences, taking molecule-target as whole system and feature selection of drug molecule-target, we constructed feature datasets of DTIs quantified by Kd and EC50, respectively. Then, prediction models were constructed using above datasets and SVM, RF and ANN. In addition, optimal models were selected for application evaluation and comprehensive comparison.Results: Under ten-fold cross-validation, evaluation parameters based on RF for EC50 dataset are as follows: R2 (RF) of training and test sets are 0.9611, 0.9641; MSE (RF) of training and test sets are 0.0891, 0.0817. Evaluation parameters based on RF for Kd dataset are as follows: R2 (RF) of training and test sets are 0.9425, 0.9485; MSE (RF) of training and test sets are 0.1208, 0.1191. After comprehensive comparison, the results showed that RF model in this paper is optimal model. In application evaluation of RF model, the errors of most prediction results were in range of 1.5-2.0.Conclusion: Through screening molecular descriptors based on molecular vibrations and taking molecule-target as whole system, we obtained optimal model based on RF with more accurate-widely applicable, which indicated that selection of molecular descriptors associated with molecular vibrations and the use of molecular-target as whole system are reliable methods for improving performance of model. It can provide reference for quantifying affinity of DTIs.
An Interrater Reliability Study on the Gothenburg Obstetric Triage System- a New Obstetric Triage System
Authors: Lindroos Linnéa , Elden Helen , Karlsson Ove , Sengpiel Verena
Published: June 2021

Background Triage, identifying patients with critical and time-sensitive disorders, is an integrated process in general emergency medicine. Obstetric triage is more specialised, requiring assessment of both woman, fetus and labour status. Failure to identify severely ill obstetric patients has repeatedly led to maternal morbidity and mortality. Reliable triage systems, adapted to obstetric patients as well as local conditions, are thus essential. The study aims to assess the interrater reliability (IRR) of the Gothenburg Obstetric Triage System (GOTS). Methods Midwives (n=6) and registered nurses with no experience in managing obstetric patients (n=7), assessed 30 paper cases based on actual real-life cases, using the GOTS. Furthermore, a consensus group consisting of two midwives and two obstetricians, with extensive experience in obstetric care, determined the correct triage level in order to enable analysis of over- and undertriage. IRR was assessed, both with percentage of absolute agreement and with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results A total of 418 assessments were performed, comprising all five levels of acuity in the GOTS. Absolute agreement was found in 69.6% of the assessments. The overall IRR was good, with a Kappa value of 0.78 (0.69 – 0.87, 95% CI) for final triage level. Comparison with consensus group assessments established that over- and undertriage had occurred in 9% and 21% of the cases, respectively. The main reasons for undertriage were “not acknowledging abnormal vital sign parameters” and “limitations in study design”. Conclusion The GOTS is a reliable tool for triaging obstetric patients. It enables a standardized triage process unrelated to the assessors’ level of experience in assessing and managing obstetric patients and is applicable for triaging obstetric patients presenting for emergency care at obstetric or emergency units.
Cross-Training Needs Among Community-Based Clinicians in HIV and Substance Use
Authors: Claborn Kasey , Scott Kelli , Becker Sara J
Published: June 2021

Background: People with double burden of HIV and substance use have poorer treatment engagement and worse treatment outcomes. Cross-training of HIV and substance use disorder clinicians can potentially enhance the scale up and quality of integrated care. Research is needed on clinicians’ areas of greatest training need in order to inform training development. Methods: Data from semi-structured individual interviews with 16 HIV and 13 substance use disorder clinicians (N=29) examining clinician perspectives on their training needs were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Overall, three themes emerged in regards to the clinicians’ need for training: 1) past training experiences: both HIV and substance use clinicians reported they had received minimal formal cross-training; 2) gaps in training: sensitivity and anti-stigma training, the latest medications for opioid use disorder and HIV prevention/treatment and referral resources emerged as key areas of cross-training need; and 3) training and supervision format/structure: clinicians cited didactic workshops and ongoing supervision as appealing strategies. Conclusions: Results show that lack of formal and updated training for clinicians is an important gap in providing integrated HIV and substance use treatment. Didactic workshops and ongoing support strategies that address stigma, medications for HIV and substance use disorder, and referral resources are likely to be particularly valuable.
Ressourcen und Belastungen im Arbeitsfeld Schulassistenz: Eine explorative Interviewstudie mit Schulassistent*innen verschiedener Schulformen in NRW
Authors: Schindler Florian , Schindler Maike
Published: June 2021

Schulassistenz gewinnt im schulischen Kontext zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die Beschäftigungszahlen nehmen kontinuierlich zu, jedoch erfolgt die Leistungserbringung häufig unter augenscheinlich ungünstigen Bedingungen. Dabei sind die Arbeitsbedingungen, insbesondere Belastungen und Ressourcen im Arbeitsfeld Schulassistenz, weitgehend unerforscht. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt eine qualitativ-explorative Interviewstudie mit acht Schulassistent*innen vor, in deren Rahmen die von den Schulassistent*innen wahrgenommenen Belastungen und Ressourcen ihres Arbeitsfeldes untersucht wurden. Basierend auf umfangreichem Interviewmaterial konnten verschiedene Faktoren von Belastungen und Ressourcen im Arbeitsfeld Schulassistenz herausgearbeitet werden. So erwies sich z. B. eine unzureichende organisationale Sozialisation als Belastungsfaktor, während aufgabenbezogene Kooperation und soziale Unterstützung als Ressourcen identifiziert wurden. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die gefundenen Faktoren von Belastungen und Ressourcen bei Schulassistent*innen, thematisiert mögliche Auswirkungen in Arbeitstätigkeiten und ordnet diese theoretisch und bezogen auf das Forschungsfeld ein.Abstract

Teaching assistance in Germany (so-called “school assistance”) is gaining increasing significance in the school context. Employment figures of teaching assistants are growing continuously, whereas the teaching assistants’ working conditions are apparently unfavorable in many cases. However, previous research has not yet addressed teaching assistants’ working conditions sufficiently: In particular, the occupational resources and demands in their work area are largely unexplored. This article presents a qualitative-explorative interview study with eight teaching assistants, which investigates what occupational resources and demands teaching assistants perceive in their work area. Based on extensive interview data, we identified various burdensome as well as advantageous factors. For example, a lack of organizational socialization was perceived as occupational demand, whereas collaboration und social support were perceived as resources. This article gives an overview of factors of occupational resources and demands in the work area of teaching assistants, it addresses the factors’ potential impact on the teaching assistances’ work, and sorts them theoretically and with respect to previous research.
Rekonstruktion und Inklusion – Perspektiven und Spannungsfelder rekonstruktiver Inklusionsforschung in der Erziehungswissenschaft
Authors: Köpfer Andreas
Published: June 2021

Dieser Beitrag nimmt die Verfasstheit erziehungswissenschaftlicher Inklusionsforschung zum Ausgangspunkt, die bislang wesentlich auf ‚enge‘ und ‚weite‘ Verständnisse rekurriert, und erweitert diese um die Dimension von Personen- und Strukturbezug. Eine erziehungswissenschaftliche Inklusionsforschung, die eine Operationalisierung entlang von Personenkategorien in Frage stellt, ist jedoch auf Forschungszugänge angewiesen, die (immanente) Praktiken, Strukturen und Kulturen und darin eingelagerte Prozesse von Inklusion/Exklusion sichtbar machen.
 
Abstract
This article deals with inclusive education research and discusses dimensions and perspectives how inclusive education can be operationalized. It focuses on reconstructive methodologies and investigates its interconnection to the analysis of inclusive/exclusive practices, structures and cultures. It concludes with ambivalences and limitations of reconstructive research in inclusive education.
Enhanced biological control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, by combined inoculation of cotton or soybean seeds with a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium and pectin-rich orange peel
Authors: Hassan Mohammad K. , Lawrence Kathy S. , Sikora Edward J. , Liles Mark R. , Kloepper Joseph W.
Published: June 2021

LC-MS analysis of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Bacillus velezensis AP203 supernatants indicated the presence of nematode-inhibiting compounds that increased in abundance when B. velezensis AP203 was grown on orange peel. Meloidogyne incognita J2 were incubated with B. velezensis AP203 spores and orange peel, spores alone, orange peel alone, or with a non-inoculated control, and the combination of B. velezensis AP203 with orange peel resulted in 94% mortality of M. incognita juveniles (p ≤ 0.05). The J2 mortality rate for B. velezensis alone was 53%, compared to 59% mortality with orange peel, and the non-inoculated control exhibited 7% mortality. When tested on soybeans raised in a greenhouse, it was observed that when grown in the presence of orange peel, B. velezensis AP203 culture broth, cell suspension or supernatant reduced the numbers of M. incognita eggs per g of root at 45 days after planting (DAP) compared to inoculated controls in soybean and cotton (p ≤ 0.05). Likewise, soybean root length and fresh root weight significantly increased after inoculation with B. velezensis AP203 amended with orange peel. In cotton, shoot and root length significantly increased after inoculation with cell pellets of B. velezensis AP203 amended with orange peel compared to the M. incognita inoculated control. These data indicate that B. velezensis AP203 responds to growth on pectin-rich orange peel by production of biologically active secondary metabolites that can promote plant growth and inhibit root-knot nematode viability.
SKY Castle: Consuming Education from the Cases of Two Tiger Parents
Authors: Chandra Yuliyanto
Published: June 2021

The research aimed to analyze how the Korean series, SKY Castle, successfully captured the idea that education could becommoditized in consumer culture for ensuring class mobility, which was majorly done by two exemplary tiger parents inKorea. Methodologically, the research applied a qualitative approach and employed a detailed analysis of the main character and one supporting character, Han Suhjin and Cha Minhyuk, respectively. Both characters’ actions and utterances would be selectively used to support the arguments of the research. Their relationship with other characters would also be used as further explanations. The research sheds light on how the two aforementioned characters fervently pursue and spend millions on education as it is perceived to strengthen their position in the social totem pole. The underlying theories to support the discussion are those of cultural and economic capital, consumption, commodification, and tiger parents. These are interconnected in the Korean context, especially due to the shifting value of education in the contemporary era.
Virtual Sphere: A Site to Negotiate the Image of Lengger Banyumas
Authors: Fatmawaty Lynda Susana Widya Ayu , Alim Condro Nur
Published: June 2021

The research aimed at investigating how Lengger used the virtual sphere to negotiate their image to society. LenggerBanyumas was always stereotyped with the discourse of Queer, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (QGBT). Therefore, it ledto gender discrimination, not only on the stage but also in their daily life. Consequently, in this 4.0 era, Lengger neededto use social media in order to create a different image as an alternative way to negotiate the dancer’s gender identity.The method applied was Hine’s virtual ethnography method by applying Habermas theory. Respondents were interviewed virtually through video conference. Meanwhile, the data were collected through their Instagram. The results  show that Lengger constructs their image on social media to produce an image by performing double-identity; they are  feminine on the stage and masculine in real life. The first identity is a feminine dancer to reveal the image of a  professional drag dancer from Banyumas. However, Lengger elaborates the masculine identity in their dance performance by wearing the attribute of female dancers. Meanwhile, Lengger also reveals masculine identity in their real life. As identity is fluid, it indicates that the image will also never be fixed. Thus, this image is reproduced constantly in the virtual sphere as a negotiation towards society’s stereotyping.
Związanie sądów karnych prawomocnymi orzeczeniami sądów cywilnych na przykładzie spraw o przestępstwa uchylania się od alimentacji
Authors: Badowiec Renata
Published: June 2021

Pomimo obowiązywania w polskim postępowaniu karnym zasady samodzielności jurysdykcyjnej sądu, zgodnie z którą sąd karny rozstrzyga samodzielnie zagadnienia faktyczne i prawne, a także nie jest związany rozstrzygnięciem innego sądu lub organu, ustawodawca przewidział od niej odstępstwa. Sąd w postępowaniu karnym związany jest bowiem prawomocnymi rozstrzygnięciami sądu kształtującymi prawo lub stosunek prawny. Pomimo różnic istniejących między postępowaniami karnymi oraz postępowaniami cywilnymi, obojętnym nie powinien pozostawać fakt wpływu orzeczeń wydanych w toku postępowania cywilnego na toczące się postępowanie karne. Takie rozstrzygnięcie będzie bowiem oddziaływało na kształt owego postępowania oraz na decyzje podejmowane przez sąd karny. Przykładem są orzeczenia sądów cywilnych wywierające wpływ na wyroki sądów karnych wydawane w przedmiocie przestępstwa uchylania się od alimentacji. Na ich przykładzie wykazane zostanie, w jakim zakresie sąd ograniczony jest w swojej samodzielności podczas orzekania w postępowaniu karnym.
Ograniczenie władzy rodzicielskiej poprzez nadzór kuratora sądowego
Authors: Strzelecka Małgorzata
Published: June 2021

W niniejszym artykule zostały zaprezentowane zagadnienia związane z władzą rodzicielską, rozumianą jako całokształt obowiązków i praw przysługujących rodzicom względem dziecka. Podjęta została próba zdefiniowania tego pojęcia prawnego przy uwzględnieniu stanowiska doktryny i orzecznictwa sądowego. Analizie zostały poddane zagadnienia związane z prawnym aspektem stosunków pomiędzy rodzicami a dzieckiem. Omówione zostały podstawowe cechy, jakimi charakteryzuje się prawidłowe wykonywanie władzy rodzicielskiej oraz elementy, które składają się na prawną konstrukcję tego pojęcia. Szczegółowo została przedstawiona kwestia dotycząca ograniczenia władzy rodzicielskiej oraz sposobów ograniczenia praw rodzicielskich z uwzględnieniem problematyki dotyczącej odpowiedzialności rodziców. Przede wszystkim w tekście została przybliżona i omówiona rola kuratora sądowego w postępowaniu związanym z wykonywaniem nadzoru w sprawach opiekuńczych. Ograniczenie władzy rodzicielskiej poprzez nadzór kuratora sądowego nie stanowi represji przeciwko rodzicom. Celem objęcia wykonywania władzy rodzicielskiej nadzorem kuratora jest ochrona zagrożonego dobra dziecka i niesienie pomocy rodzicom w celu właściwego wykonywania władzy rodzicielskiej.
Antagonistic interaction networks in a native and an exotic legume species in Colombian tropical dry forest
Authors: Camacho-Erazo Mariana , Robles Jorge , Amarillo-Suárez Ángela R.
Published: June 2021

Las interacciones entre plantas y animales desempeñan un papel fundamental en el funcionamiento y la estructura de los ecosistemas. Se espera que las comunidades de insectos asociados a semillas sean muy específicas para cada especie de planta debido a la gran cantidad de barreras físicas y químicas que las semillas imponen a los herbívoros. Además, las especies leguminosas, el taxón vegetal dominante en el bosque seco tropical, ofrecen una gran cantidad de recursos para la especialización de insectos, estructurando comunidades especiliazadas de herbivoros. Sin embargo, la introducción de especies exóticas en este ecosistema puede reducer la diversidad y simplificar las interacciones. Mediante el análisis de redes ecológicas, comparamos la diversidad y estructura de los insectos asociados a las semillas y sus parasitoides entre la especie de leguminosa nativa Pseudosamanea guachapele y la leguminosa exótica e invasora Leucaena leucocephala. También evaluamos las diferencias en la composición química de semillas con el fin de determinar en qué medida ésta podría ayudar a explicar las diferencias en las comunidades de insectos asociadas. El estudio se llevó a cabo en un bosque seco tropical en el departamento de Tolima, Colombia. Encontramos siete especies de escarabajos y ocho especies de parasitoides. Las redes de interacción de insectos de ambas especies de plantas tenían baja conectividad, anidamiento, generalidad y vulnerabilidad. Leucaena leucocephala tuvo la mayor diversidad de escarabajos y parasitoides en comparación con P. guachapele, tal vez porque L. leucocephala produce semillas durante todo el año, mientras que P. guachapele tiene una estacionalidad marcada produciendo frutos sólo durante uno o dos meses del año. Identificamos un total de 26 compuestos en las semillas de los dos huéspedes. Las semillas de P. guachapele, tienen el doble de compuestos que las de L. leucocephala. Entre las principales diferencias entre la composición de las semillas de la planta hospedera se encuentran la composición de ácidos grasos, que ofrecen diferentes fuentes de colesterol para el desarrollo de insectos. Esto puede ayudar a explicar la presencia de especies de consumidores de semillas asociadas a cada planta. Es importante resaltar que las redes descritas aquí pueden cambiar a través del tiempo y los paisajes, haciendo interesante seguir analizando la variación en la riqueza y estructura de dichas redes con el fin de definir hasta qué punto las interacciones encontradas en este estudio se mantienen constantes.
Gender Prediction for a Multiethnic Population via Deep Learning Across Different Retinal Fundus Photograph Fields: Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Betzler Bjorn Kaijun , Yang Henrik Hee Seung , Thakur Sahil , Yu Marco , Quek Ten Cheer , Soh Zhi Da , Lee Geunyoung , Tham Yih-Chung , Wong Tien Yin , Rim Tyler Hyungtaek , Cheng Ching-Yu
Published: June 2021

Background

Deep learning algorithms have been built for the detection of systemic and eye diseases based on fundus photographs. The retina possesses features that can be affected by gender differences, and the extent to which these features are captured via photography differs depending on the retinal image field.

Objective

We aimed to compare deep learning algorithms’ performance in predicting gender based on different fields of fundus photographs (optic disc–centered, macula-centered, and peripheral fields).

Methods

This retrospective cross-sectional study included 172,170 fundus photographs of 9956 adults aged ≥40 years from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study. Optic disc–centered, macula-centered, and peripheral field fundus images were included in this study as input data for a deep learning model for gender prediction. Performance was estimated at the individual level and image level. Receiver operating characteristic curves for binary classification were calculated.

Results

The deep learning algorithms predicted gender with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.94 at the individual level and an AUC of 0.87 at the image level. Across the three image field types, the best performance was seen when using optic disc–centered field images (younger subgroups: AUC=0.91; older subgroups: AUC=0.86), and algorithms that used peripheral field images had the lowest performance (younger subgroups: AUC=0.85; older subgroups: AUC=0.76). Across the three ethnic subgroups, algorithm performance was lowest in the Indian subgroup (AUC=0.88) compared to that in the Malay (AUC=0.91) and Chinese (AUC=0.91) subgroups when the algorithms were tested on optic disc–centered images. Algorithms’ performance in gender prediction at the image level was better in younger subgroups (aged <65 years; AUC=0.89) than in older subgroups (aged ≥65 years; AUC=0.82).

Conclusions

We confirmed that gender among the Asian population can be predicted with fundus photographs by using deep learning, and our algorithms’ performance in terms of gender prediction differed according to the field of fundus photographs, age subgroups, and ethnic groups. Our work provides a further understanding of using deep learning models for the prediction of gender-related diseases. Further validation of our findings is still needed.
Why Are Digital Health Care Systems Still Poorly Designed, and Why Is Health Care Practice Not Asking for More? Three Paths Toward a Sustainable Digital Work Environment (Preprint)
Authors: Persson Johanna , Rydenfält Christofer
Published: June 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Knowledge of how to design digital systems that are ergonomically sound, high in usability, and optimized for the user, context, and task has existed for some time. Despite this, there are still too many examples of new digital health care systems that are poorly designed and that could negatively affect both the work environment of health care staff and patient safety. This could be because of a gap between the theoretical knowledge of design and ergonomics and the practical implementation of this knowledge in procuring and developing digital health care systems. Furthermore, discussions of digitalization are often at a general level and risk neglecting the nature of direct interaction with the digital system. This is problematic since it is at this detailed level that work environment and patient safety issues materialize in practice. In this paper, we illustrate such issues with two scenarios concerned with contemporary electronic health care records, based on field studies in two health care settings. We argue that current methods and tools for designing and evaluating digital systems in health care must cater both to the holistic level and to the details of interaction and ergonomics. It must also be acknowledged that health care professionals are neither designers nor engineers, so expectations of them during the development of digital systems must be realistic. We suggest three paths toward a more sustainable digital work environment in health care: (1) better tools for evaluating the digital work environment in the field; (2) generic formulations of qualitative requirements related to usability and for adaptation to the user, context, and task, to be used in procurement; and (3) the introduction of digital ergonomics as an embracing concept capturing several of the ergonomic challenges (including physical, cognitive, and organizational aspects) involved in implementing and using digital systems.
Test Test Test Evaluation of a Novel Virtual Reality Medical Image Display System for Collaborative Discussions of Congenital Heart Disease: Original (Preprint)
Authors: Account Developer
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Test Test Test

OBJECTIVE

Test Test Test Test Test TEst Test Test Test Test

METHODS

Test Test Test Test Test TEst Test Test Test Test

RESULTS

Test Test Test Test Test TEst Test Test Test Test

CONCLUSIONS

Test Test Test Test Test TEst Test Test Test Test

CLINICALTRIAL

Test Test Test Test Test TEst Test Test Test Test
Nivel de madurez organizacional en la gestión de proyectos en la educación superior
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Unitec, Ochoa Guevara Nancy Edith ,   Corporación Universitaria Remington, Castillo Quintero Luceli ,   Politécnico Santafé de Bogotá, Patiño Nieto Luz Marina ,   Corporación Universitaria Unitec, Rodríguez González Leonardo ,   Corporación Universitaria Unitec, Quevedo Martha Liliana ,   Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Fajardo Carlos ,   Corporación Universitaria Unitec
Published: June 2021

El Fondo Editorial Remington presenta el libro titulado Nivel de madurez organizacional en la gestión de proyectos en la educación superior, el cual muestra los resultados del análisis y la evaluación del nivel de madurez organizacional de la gestión de proyectos dentro de la IES-1 como aplicación inicial del proyecto Pautas para un modelo de Gestión Investigativa GEINVE v1.0 para las universidades, con la directriz del modelo CP3M©v5.0 del PMI y la caja de herramientas de GEINVE©1.0, y a través de una serie de instrumentos de observación y medición, como listas de chequeo, cuestionarios y encuestas cerradas, estas últimas dirigidas a un grupo focal de docentes, semilleros y jóvenes investigadores de la IES-1.
Gaming Extractivism: Indigenous Resurgence, Unjust Infrastructures, and the Politics of Play in Elizabeth LaPensée’sThunderbird Strike
Authors: Kinder Jordan B.
Published: June 2021

Background: Indigenous-led struggles against fossil fuel infrastructure in North America have become increasingly visible. These struggles occur on the ground as well as through cultural production that performs cultural resistance.

Analysis: This article examines Anishinaabe, Métis, and settler-Irish media theorist and artist Elizabeth LaPensée’s video game Thunderbird Strike as a form of Indigenous cultural resistance to extractivism.

Conclusion and implications: Thunderbird Strike expresses the necessity of halting the expansion of extractivism by inviting players to participate in the sabotage of unjust infrastructure. In asking players to enact the very forms of generative resistance that the game articulates at a narratological level, Thunderbird Strike reveals the possibilities for video games to prefigure the transition to a decolonial, post-extractive future.
The Content of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents in Heated Tobacco Product: Systematic Review
Authors: Hidayat Shoim , Alayyannur Putri Ayuni
Published: June 2021

According to World Health Organization (WHO), most of health hazards due to smoking comes from exposure to cigarette smoke (smoke aerosol), formed from the burning process of tobacco in conventional cigarettes. This propels the implementation of the concept of tobacco harm reduction by striving for products for those still craving for tobacco can still consume, but at a lower risk. This study aims to determine the difference in HPHC content between conventional cigarettes and HTP. The research method used was literature review. In the preliminary stage, the researchers carried out a process of screening titles and abstracts from studies and then independently filtered the text papers completely according to the objectives of this study. The review yielded 22 journals meeting with the rules and regulations in this research. The results showed that all 9 HPHCs recommended for reduction (nine TobReg priority constituent) were shown to be 90% lower in HTP compared to conventional cigarettes. The conclusion was that there were differences in the HPHC content between conventional cigarettes and HTP.

Keywords: HPHC; HTP; Conventional Cigarettes
Medicinal Properties of Māsh (Vigna mungo (Linn.) Hepper): A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Khan Fatima , Nayab Mohd , Ansari Abdul Nasir , Zubair Mohd
Published: June 2021

Māsh (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper belongs to the family Papilionaceae. It is one of the important legume crops extensively cultivated in India and other parts of the world. Pulses and legumes have been gaining interest because they are an excellent source of bioactive compounds. The objective of this present review is to compile all relevant information regarding the medicinal uses of Vigna mungo. It is rich in flavonoids, isoflavonoids, phytoestrogens, phenolic acids, enzymes, fibers, starches, trypsin inhibitors, phytic acid, lectins, saponins, tocopherols, fatty acids, and proteins. Most of the reported components are from the seed part of the black gram. Various processes like cooking, soaking, and germination affect bioactive components. Studies have shown the presence of bioactive compounds in other parts of the plant like leaves, pods, roots, stems, etc. which are normally considered as a waste product. Hence there is a need to isolate and characterize novel bioactive components from other parts of the black gram plant. This review demonstrates that Vigna mungo is rich in bioactive components and able to cure and prevent diseases in addition to its basic nutritional value.
Keywords: Māsh, Vigna mungo, black gram, bioactive components, legumes
Bryonia Laciniosa An Ayurvedic Herbal Plant ‘Bryonia laciniosa’ with its Ethnomedicinal Significance
Authors: Kaurav Hemlata , Choudhary Shailja , Chaudhary Gitika
Published: June 2021

Bryonia laciniosa is one such plant that is also known by the name of shivlingi as its seeds resemble the 'shivling' icon of Lord Shiva. This plant is mainly known for its seeds and is used in various ayurvedic drug formulations as an important ingredient. In Ayurveda and the folklore culture, shivlingi plant is used to treat various types of diseases such as cholera, bronchitis, constipation, diabetes, inflammation, paralysis, snake bites, abdominal diseases and mainly used as an aphrodisiac agent. In homeopathy, the B. laciniosa plant is used as an important ingredient in the formulation of anti-inflammatory drugs. Also, the plant is used to treat gastrointestinal, rheumatic, respiratory, liver, infectious diseases and metabolic disorders Besides this, shivlingi plant is associated with therapeutic potential which includes analgesic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, androgenic, antitumor, fertility and antipyretic properties. In this review article, the reported pharmacological properties of the plant have been described along with the plant utilization in folklore and ayurvedic medicinal system.

Keywords: Ayurveda, Shivlingi, Folk view, Pharmacological properties
Сhanges of the Structure Indicators and the Salinity Field Average Value in the Sea of Azov
Authors: Spiridonova E. O. ,   Kerch State Maritime Technological University (KSMTU), Kerch, Russia, Panov B. N. ,   Kerch State Maritime Technological University (KSMTU), Kerch, Russia,   Azov-Black Sea Branch ("AzNIIRKH") of FGBNU "VNIRO", Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: June 2021

Purpose. The work is aimed at continuing the started in the previous papers investigations of structure of the Azov Sea salinity field based on the oceanographic survey data collected since 2000. Interest in studying this parameter is conditioned by its anomalous increase after 2006. Methods and Results. The data of 49 seasonal oceanographic surveys carried out in the Sea of Azov by the Azov-Black Sea Branch of "VNIRO" ("AzNIIRKH") from 2001 to 2016 permitted to calculate the following: the radii in the concentration region of the field spatial correlation function in the meridional and zonal directions for the surface and bottom layers (the characteristic of the field homogeneity); the ratio between these radii; the sea-average values of salinity field for the surface and bottom layers. The time graphical and the paired correlation analyses of the calculated indicators’ series were done. The average values of the meridional and zonal radii of the concentration region of the spatial correlation function (42.5 and 47.1 km) testify presence of two relatively isolated zones in the sea related to the water circulation. These zones are formed under the conditions of the eastern winds dominating in the region. The average values of the above-mentioned radii in the near-bottom sea layer were approximately equal, whereas in the surface layer, the average zonal radii exceeded the meridional ones. In spring and summer, the meridional radius in the bottom layer surpassed the zonal one. Long-term variability shows that in the surface layer, the meridional radius values tend to increase, and in the bottom layer, the zonal radius ones – to decrease. These trends demonstrate a change in the nature of water exchange in the sea, namely from predominance of the zonal transport to that of the meridional one. Conclusions. Since 2006, the changes in the structure of the Azov Sea water salinity field (trends towards decrease of the zonal radii and increase of the meridional ones in the concentration region of the field spatial correlation function) resulted from decrease in the river water inflow and increase of water exchange with the Kerch Strait, and were accompanied by growth of average salinity. Water exchange with the Kerch Strait in the bottom layer was the most active in spring and summer. The anticipatory shift of the field structural characteristics by 1 and 2 years relative to its average values makes it possible to forecast them with a two-year advance time.
Model and Experimental Estimates of Vertical Mixing Intensity in the Sea Upper Homogeneous Layer
Authors: Chukharev A. M. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Pavlov M. I. ,   Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. The study is aimed at qualitative and quantitative analysis (based on the updated previously proposed multiscale model) of the experimental data on turbulence intensity and their comparison with theoretical and semi-empirical relationships for the purpose of describing the contributions of various turbulence sources. Methods and Results. A comparative analysis of experimental data and model calculations of turbulence characteristics near the sea surface was performed. The methods of theoretical assessing generation of turbulence in the near-surface sea layer by various physical processes are considered. The results of calculations by the well-known models of turbulent exchange were compared with the experimental data collected by the scientists of the Turbulence Department of MHI, RAS, using the specialized equipment. The analysis results made it possible to determine the possibility of applying the considered models for calculating turbulence intensity under different hydrometeorological conditions. At light winds, none of the models yielded the results which matched the measurement data. At moderate winds, the simulation results showed quite satisfactory agreement with the experiment data; and for strong winds, the multiscale model results were the best. This model was modified to assess the contributions of two other mechanisms of turbulence generation: the Stokes drift and the Langmuir circulations. Conclusions. Objective assessment of the turbulent exchange intensity requires taking into account of three main mechanisms of turbulence generation, namely flow velocity shear, wave motions and wave breaking. Depending on the hydrometeorological situation, each of these mechanisms can dominate in a certain depth range. The calculations performed using the updated model showed that the Stokes drift added 2–17 % to the total dissipation in the upper 30-meter layer, whereas the contribution of the Langmuir circulations calculated through dependence of the vertical velocity of kinetic energy transfer upon the Langmuir number, can reach 15 % for small Langmuir numbers.
Cartografando Desejos: etnografia visual nos pontos de prostituição femininos em Goiânia/GO e Aparecida de Goiânia/GO.
Authors: Silva Joab Júnio Dias Gregório da
Published: June 2021

Ao longo deste ensaio visual busquei compartilhar emoções, deslocamentos e reflexões, a partir do conjunto de observações realizadas em quatro espaços voltados à prostituição de pessoas travestis e mulheres cisgêneras nas cidades de Goiânia/GO e Aparecida de Goiânia/GO, ao longo do biênio 2019-2020.Questionando o modo com que o presente nicho do mercado sexual permite compreender a produção de territorialidades e fronteiras urbanas, lancei mão de um relato etnográfico multissituado, recorrendo às derivas urbanas enquanto recurso metodológico para produção de dados em campo. O Diário de Campo e os desenhos etnográficos fizeram parte das técnicas empregadas para compilação e análise dos dados produzidos.Por meio deste ensaio foi possível grafar o conjunto de trajetos realizados durante a minha pesquisa, considerando os diálogos travados, situações vivenciadas em campo e tensionamentos experenciados junto às minhas interlocutoras, permitindo assim compreender as formas de apropriação, ressignificação e gestão de territórios voltados à comercialização de serviços sexuais.
Dependence on parameters for nonlinear equations -- abstract principles and applications
Authors: Bełdziński Michał , Galewski Marek , Kossowski Igor
Published: June 2021

We provide parameter dependent version of the Browder–Minty Theorem in
case when the solution is unique utilizing different types of
monotonicity and compactness assumptions related to condition (S)2.
Potential equations and the convergence of their Euler action
functionals is also investigated. Applications towards the dependence on
parameters for both potential and non-potenial nonlinear Dirichlet
boundary problems are given.