bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUACIÓN SOCIAL DE UNA PLANTACIÓN FORESTAL COMERCIAL
Authors: Hernández Martínez Neftalí , Vázquez García Verónica , Fierros González Aurelio Manuel , Velázquez Martínez Alejandro
Published: March 2019

Para conocer los impactos sociales de una Plantación Forestal Comercial (PFC) es necesario contar con un sistema de evaluación constituido por Principios, Criterios e Indicadores. Estos se agrupan en tres áreas relacionadas con el concepto de sustentabilidad: ambiental, económica y social. El presente trabajo aporta información de nueve indicadores sociales aplicados a una PFC que se localiza entre los estados de Oaxaca y Veracruz. Los indicadores fueron tomados de un trabajo previo que identificó 66 de ellos para dicha plantación. El objetivo fue determinar los siguientes aspectos: política de contratación y salarial; apego a la normatividad en salarios y prestaciones; apoyo a la capacitación; proporción de empleados provenientes de la región; conocimiento del uso y beneficios de las plantaciones; mecanismos de difusión de las actividades de la empresa; programas que impulsen el desarrollo; y existencia de una industria forestal local. Para ubicar a cada indicador en una categoría de sustentabilidad, se utilizó la escala generada para el Bosque Modelo de Chihuahua. Los resultados mostraron una evaluación cualitativa y cuantitativa para cada indicador y calificaron el estado del componente social del proyecto como regular. Finalmente, se generaron algunas recomendaciones para incrementar los impactos sociales positivos de la empresa responsable de la plantación forestal.
ESTIMACIÓN DEL DIÁMETRO, ALTURA Y VOLUMEN A PARTIR DEL TOCÓN PARA ESPECIES FORESTALES DE DURANGO
Authors: Quiñónez Barraza Gerónimo , Cruz Cobos Francisco , Vargas Larreta Benedicto , Javier Hernández Francisco
Published: March 2019

Cuando una masa forestal ha sido aprovechada mediante un programa de manejo y solo se tiene como evidencia las dimensiones de los tocones, es posible estimar a través de relaciones alométricas el diámetro y la altura, así como el volumen de los árboles en pie. En el presente trabajo se describe un experimento en el que se ajustaron 12 modelos matemáticos para predecir el diámetro normal, la altura total y el volumen del fuste, a partir del diámetro del tocón para Pinus arizonica, P. ayacahuite, P. durangensis, P. leiophylla, P. teocote y Quercus sideroxila en el ejido San Diego de Tezains, municipio Santiago Papasquiaro, Durango, que se ubica en la región noroeste del estado, en la Sierra Madre Occidental. Para ello, se utilizó una muestra de 267 árboles derribados y se emplearon modelos lineales y no lineales. El ajuste de los modelos indica que existe una tendencia lineal entre las variables diámetro normal y altura total, en función del diámetro del tocón; mientras que para el volumen del fuste, la relación es logarítmica. Así mismo, se observó que existe similitud entre especies, con respecto a las relaciones de las variables estudiadas. Las ecuaciones obtenidas pueden aplicarse en la reconstrucción de escenarios después de una intervención silvícola o la ocurrencia de fenómenos naturales catastróficos.
Avati kyry: o ritual kaiowa do batismo do milho na reserva indígena de Dourados
Authors: Silva Lélio Loureiro da
Published: March 2019

Este artigo pretende relatar as minhas experiências e observações do ritual kaiowa do avati kyry (batismo do milho), realizado pela família extensa liderada pelo cacique Getúlio Juca de Oliveira e sua esposa alda da silva, moradores da aldeia Jaguapiru, localizada na reserva indígena Francisco Horta Barbosa, entre os municípios de Dourados e Itaporã, no mato grosso do sul, destacando as diversas dificuldades para a sua realização e a sua manutenção cultural, uma vez que esse importante ritual da cosmologia Kaiowa é o único ainda praticado por essa etnia no lado brasileiro do seu território de ocupação.
‘Pacificando’ doutrinas cristãs: protestantismo/pentecostalismo e seu apoderamento por sociedades indígenas
Authors: Acçolini Graziele
Published: March 2019

Neste artigo pretendo apresentar uma breve discussão acerca do protestantismo e mais especificamente do pentecostalismo e sua chegada ao Brasil, país cuja formação se deu sob o cristianismo católico, vide a atuação da companhia de jesus e suas missões ‘civilizadoras’ ainda no século xvi. Assim pretendo dar especial atenção à inserção dessas doutrinas cristãs, o protestantismo e o pentecostalismo, entre algumas sociedades indígenas. Para tanto, esboçarei posicionamentos teóricos sobre o tema, bem como apontamentos sobre o pentecostalismo presente nas terras indígenas do oeste paulista constituídas pelos terena, aqui minha inspiração a tal artigo, e também pelos guarani nhandeva, kaingáng e os krenák desde o início do século xx., são elas: Vanuíre (município de Arco-Iris/SP), Icatú (Braúna/SP) e Araribá (Avaí/SP). Particularmente, me aterei a Vanuíre, pois se trata da área a que tive maior acesso especialmente durante 2009 e 2010.
Pentecostalismo católico e entrecruzamentos políticos, teológicos e sociais com a renovacão carismática católica.
Authors: Palma Fernanda Ferrari
Published: March 2019

Este artigo aborda a história de um movimento da igreja católica denominado rcc, renovação cariamática católica, desde sua fundação nos EUA até sua chegada ao Brasil por volta de 1967. Apresento a história da beata Elena Guerra, responsável pela reativação das experiências intensas com o sagrado dentro do catolicismo, considerando-a como possível mito fundador da rcc; e a relação com o que se pode chamar pentecostalismo católico, tento em vista a influência do pentecostalismo no catolicismo carismático através das vivências dos fenômenos atribuídos à figura do espírito santo. A renovação carismática católica em seus 50 anos de existência no Brasil se tornou palco de inúmeros acontecimentos no interior da igreja católica e em todo contexto social e religioso brasileiro. A raiz pentecostal visível nas características de fervor emocional e experiências corporais presentes em suas práticas rituais torna possível compreender as resistências da instituição católica em relação a outras formas de religiosidades, bem como a consequente luta por firmar sua identidade. Com a retomada da história do pentecostalismo se resgata também reflexões sobre o contexto social e político da rcc no cenário nacional frente ao surgimento da teologia da libertação que caracterizou o movimento de esquerda dentro da igreja católica; e a influencia dos cultos afro-brasileiros nas formas de louvor adotadas pelos movimentos pentecostais e, contradizendo a este cenário de herança e elo, está o infindável combate às religiões afro-brasileiras travado pelo movimento carismático católico. O campo religioso-católico-carismático, ou do “pentecostalismo católico”, abordado neste artigo, trouxe a possibilidade de refletir sobre o contexto histórico, social, político e institucional que constrói e legitima a prática religiosa; a diversidade de ofertas religiosas configurando um contexto de disputa de bens simbólicos; e a ligação sistêmica entre os fatores diacrônicos e sincrônicos, internos e externos, vividos individualmente e coletivamente numa experiência de inseparabilidade.
“ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE” VS HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Ioseliani Aza Davidovna
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to studying the problem of artificial intelligence from the philosophical point of view. The following questions are analysed: can a machine think like a human being; can AI have the same consciousness, mental state to the extent that a person possesses; what dangers is AI fraught with? Several scenarios for the development of artificial intelligence are suggested. The author comes to the conclusion that a man should be responsible for AI creation to avoid the danger of its going out of his control. Otherwise, the author believes, pessimistic scenarios of development may be realized, which carry existential threat to the humanity comparable with the complete extinction of Homo Sapiens.
ROLE OF FREE CHOICE IN HUMAN LIFE
Authors: Sabitova Al’fiya Rashitovna
Published: March 2019

The article describes approaches to freedom of choice and their diversity, as well as the role of freedom itself in the society and its characteristics. Choice in different forms is present throughout a person’s life. Whether choice becomes free depends on many factors: society, personal preferences, random circumstances. The possibility of freedom of choice is a measure of the realization of people’s rights and freedoms. Particular attention is paid to the specificity of free choice in the modern society associated with the situation of social polarization and total human responsibility. The level of human self-consciousness is important in this process, it is necessary to make the only right decision in the situation of free choice.
Development of Student Work Sheets Based on Contextual Learning to Facilitate Mathematic Concept Understanding Skill of Junior High School Student 7th Grade
Authors: Anggraini Citra Murti , Warniasih Kristina , Jana Padrul
Published: March 2019

The research purpose was to produce learning material as the quality of Student Work Sheets based on contextual learning to facilitate Mathematics concept understanding skill of Junior High School student 7th Grade at triangle material and to describe the quality of Student Work Sheets that has a valid, simple and effective qualification. Student Work Sheets development based on Ministry of Education development model that adapted from Borg and Gall procedure development through some steps: (1) doing product development analysis, (2) developing beginning product, (3) expert’s validation and revision, (4) small-scale field test and product revision, and (5) significant scale field test and last  product. Student Work Sheets quality described based on the marking result of material expert, media expert, and mathematics teacher for the validation aspect, student respond questionnaire and observation sheets of learning application for simplicity aspect, also a post-test question for affectivity aspect. The research result showed that the quality of Student Work Sheets product in validation aspect fulfill good and very good criteria based on the mark from a material expert, media expert, and assessor with the average score for each aspect was 4,19; 4,31; and 4,23. Simplicity aspect fulfills good and very good criteria based on the result of student respond questionnaire and observation sheets of learning application with the average score for each aspect was 3,55 and 93,68%. However, for affectivity aspect fulfill good criteria based on student post-test with the average score was 79,17 from the maximal score was 100 and completeness percentage was 69%.
Differences Of Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills Through Contextual Teaching Learning With Problem Based Learning Model
Authors: Anim Anim , Saragih Eva Margaretha
Published: March 2019

This study aims to determine the differences in mathematical communication skills of students in the material opportunities by using PBL and CTL learning models in class X of the Al-Istiqomah Private Vocational School in the Regency of Java. This type of research is semi-experimental. The population in this study were all students of class X of Private Al-Istiqomah Vocational School, Regency of Java. The research sample was 2 classes. The results of the research obtained F_count> F table which is 15.31> 3.99, so to test the hypothesis it can be concluded that rejecting H0 means thank Ha, there are differences in mathematical communication skills of students taught using problem based learning models with students taught using Contextual Teaching learning models Lerning. There are differences in mathematical communication skills of students taught using a problem-based learning model compared to students who are taught using the 9% Contextual Teaching Lerning learning model
Fruit consumption, its determinants and attitudes among undergraduates
Authors: SATHSARANİ HERATH Umali
Published: March 2019

Fruits, being a good
source of nutrients, can be used to fulfil the daily requirement of nutrients.
However, the statistics of Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health
Organization state that the worldwide per capita consumption of fruits and
vegetables is estimated to be less than 20 to 50 percent of the minimum daily
recommended intake. The health and well-being of the future generation of a
country are critical in preventing malnutrition and chronic diseases. A study
was carried out to find out the daily intake of fruits, barriers for
consumption and other patterns in consumption among undergraduates. Moreover,
the study focused on identifying knowledge on nutrition and opinions of
undergraduates on fruit production. 50 students from the Faculty of
Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka were randomly
selected and given a self- administered questionnaire. The daily intake of a
majority of students existed between 50-100g and most consumed fruits in fresh
form. Unavailability in the market or the limited access was the major barrier
for the intake of sufficient amount of fruits. The study concluded that the
daily intake of fruits of undergraduates is less than the recommended level.
Extension services and constant market prices can overcome the problems in
fruit production.
Commercial wireless versus standard stationary EEG systems for personalized emotional brain-computer interfaces: a preliminary reliability check
Authors: Buchanan Derrick Matthew , Grant Jeremy , D'Angiulli Amedeo
Published: March 2019

We present a preliminary data-based assessment of measurement reliability of the commercial 14-electrode Emotiv EPOCTM EEG wireless system in distinguishing between electrophysiological states of emotional function, as compared to a standard research-lab stationary 32-electrode EEG system for personalized single-individual use.  Individual observers completed two tasks designed to elicit neural changes in emotional arousal and valence while simultaneously recording their EEGs with both systems in separate sessions. Participants observed emotion-laden words from the ANEW database and images from the IAPS database, both widely used and validated databases for emotional processes in multidisciplinary research. The pattern of results distinguished between high and low arousal and valence states using the stationary traditional system, but not the commercial device. Also, the latter device recorded EEG band frequencies at a much lower resolution and frequency range than the standard system. These findings suggest poor validity when using the commercial device and therefore should be cautioned against in a research setting.
General Relativity Requires Absolute Space and Time
Authors: Kühne Rainer
Published: March 2019

We examine two far-reaching and somewhat heretic consequences of General Relativity. (i) It requires a cosmology which includes a preferred rest frame, absolute space and time. (ii) A rotating universe and time travel are strict solutions of General Relativity.
PENGARUH KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BIRO QUALITY ASSURANCE PT. SEMEN PADANG
Authors: Annisa Nurul , Mayliza Riri
Published: March 2019

In an effort to build a company that has a high employee performance today requires a comprehensive intelligence for human resources who manage the company. All human resources managing the company must perform well. Performance is good without any intelligence then it means nothing. In this study the intent of intelligence is spiritual intelligence that affects the performance of employees. Employee performance described in the dependent variable and spiritual intelligence is the independent variable. In the indicator of spiritual intelligence variables explain as follows; 1. Honest 2. Openness 3. Self-knowledge 4. Focus on contribution 5. Spiritual non-dragmati. While for employee performance variable indicator is 1. Quality 2. Quantitras 3. Timeliness 5. Independence. In the results of research and discussion of which the value of f test is 0.001 This indicates that the influence of spiritual intelligence together on the performance of employees. As for the t test shows the value of 0.001 <0.05 of the value can be explained that spiritual intelligence significantly affects employee performance.
Bemerkungen zur "kalten Fusion"
Authors: Kühne Rainer
Published: March 2019

Steven Jones et al. reported to have observed nuclear fusion at room temperature. They observed this "cold fusion" by electrolyzing heavy water. Later experiments confirmed these observations. These experiments confirmed the generation of strong electric fields within the deuterided metals. These electric fields accelerate the deuterons to keV energies and allow the observed nuclear fusion. Roman Sioda and I suggested a theoretical description of this nuclear fusion. Our "extended micro hot fusion" scenario explains how nuclear fusion can be generated over a long time within deuterided metals. Moreover we predicted the explosion of large pieces of deuterided metals. This article reviews the "cold fusion" work of Steven Jones et al. and discusses the fracto-fusion scenario. I show that the extended micro hot fusion scenario can explain the observed neutron emissions, neutron bursts, and heat bursts.
PENGARUH STRATEGI PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH MINAT BELI PADA KONSUMEN RESTORAN KFC CABANG KHATIB SULAIMAN PADANG
Authors: Adila Sofia Nura , Aziz Nazaruddin
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui:(1) pengaruh strategi promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada konsumen restoran KFC, (2) pengaruh strategi promosi terhadap minat beli pada konsumen KFC,(3) pengaruh minat beli terhadap keputusan pembelian pada konsumen KFC, dan (4) pengaruh strategi promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada konsumen KFC yang dimediasi oleh minat beli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian ini adalah analisis jalur (path analysis) dan uji sobel. Hasil penelitian pada taraf signifikansi 5% menunjukkan bahwa:(1) terdapat pengaruh strategi promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian.Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 6,737dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 (0,000<0,05), dan koefisien regresi mempunyai nilai positif sebesar 0,472;(2) terdapat pengaruh strategi promosi terhadap minat beli pada konsumen KFC. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar11,599 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05, dan koefisien regresi mempunyai nilai positif sebesar 0,678; (3) terdapat pengaruh minat beli terhadap keputusan pembelian pada konsumen KFC. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 9,105 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 (0,000<0,05), dan koefisien regresi mempunyai nilai positif sebesar 0,587; dan (4) terdapat pengaruh strategi promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada konsumen KFC yang dimediasi oleh minat beli. Hal ini dibuktikan dari nilai t hitung sebesar 6,3779 lebih besar dari nilai t tabel dengan tingkat signifikan 0,05 yaitu sebesar 1,975.
A promoção da experiência dos utilizadores como um estímulo à aprendizagem em museus: um estudo exploratório
Authors: Pacheco André
Published: March 2019

O desenvolvimento e expansão das redes comunicacionais desde os meados do século XX estimularam a consolidação de uma Ciência de Informação, cujo objeto é a informação social. As instituições culturais, como os museus, são vistos enquanto serviços de informação que devem gerir os seus objetos informacionais de modo a comunicar eficiente e apelativamente o significado dos seus artefactos aos visitantes, proporcionando-lhes uma experiência de aprendizagem enriquecedora e memorável. No entanto, a experiência dos utilizadores é normalmente vista sob uma perspetiva da conceção de tecnologias. Este estudo procura alargar o conceito de experiência ao contacto do visitante com o espaço e contexto do museu. Para tal, procede-se a uma revisão de literatura qualitativa dos artigos mais relevantes que alimentam um estudo exploratório. Conclui-se que os museus devem procurar afirmar-se como locais promotores de experiências pessoais de forma a promover o enriquecimento cultural dos visitantes. O sistema tecnológico de informação é apontado como o elemento mediador entre a informação dos objetos e o conhecimento dos visitantes.
Tartessos-Tarshish Was the Model for Plato’s Atlantis
Authors: Kühne Rainer
Published: March 2019

Literary evidence supports the following view. Tartessos and Tarshish were identical. Tartessos was the model for Plato's Atlantis. The Tartessians traded with precious metals, especially with silver. Among their trade partners were the Phoenicians, the Hebrews, and the Greeks. The capital of Tartessos lay in the Donana National Park. Tartessos existed from the tenth to the sixth century BC.
Remark on ``Indication, from Pioneer 10/11, Galileo, and Ulysses Data, of an Apparent Anomalous, Weak, Long-Range Acceleration''
Authors: Kühne Rainer
Published: March 2019

Recently, Anderson et al. presented possible evidence for an anomalous acceleration acting on spacecrafts. Furthermore, the motions of several planets and comets are known to experience unexplained disturbances. A transneptunian comet or asteroid belt might be the common origin of these anomalies.
Tanggung Jawab Pendiri Perseroan Terbatas
Authors: Jani Vesmin
Published: March 2019

Perbuatan hukum atas nama perseroan yang belum memperoleh status badan hukum, hanya boleh dilakukan oleh semua anggota Direksi bersama-sama semua pendiri serta semua anggota Dewan Komisaris Perseroan dan mereka semua bertanggung jawab secara tanggung renteng atas perbuatan hukum tersebut. Telaumbanua, D. (2015). PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI DI BIDANG LINGKUNGAN HIDUP. Refleksi Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 9(1), 101-112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24246/jrh.2015.v9.i1.p101-112
Implementing Predictive Processing and Active Inference: Preliminary Steps and Results
Authors: Millidge Beren
Published: March 2019

Initial and preliminary implementations of predictive processing and active inference models are presented. These include the baseline hierarchical predictive coding models of (Friston 2003, 2005), and dynamical predictive coding models using generalised coordinates (Friston 2008, 2010, Buckley 2017). Additionally, we re-implement and experiment with the active inference thermostat presented in (Buckley 2017) and also implement an active inference agent with a hierarchical predictive coding perceptual model on the more challenging cart-pole task from OpanAI gym. We discuss the initial performance, capabilities, and limitations of these models in their preliminary stages and consider how they might be further scaled up to tackle more challenging tasks.
Effects of Performance Goals and Social Norms on Academic Dishonesty in a Test
Authors: Daumiller Martin , Janke Stefan
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPrevious research has shown that achievement goals affect the frequency of academic dishonesty. However, mixed findings suggest that especially the effect of performance goals might depend on contextual factors. AimsWe wanted to investigate whether crucial aspects of the achievement situation influence the magnitude of the effect of performance goals (here: focused on appearance) on dishonesty. Specifically, we propose that social norms regarding the acceptance of dishonesty moderate the positive effect of performance goals on academic dishonesty. SampleWe sampled 105 German university students. They were in their first year at university and on average 20.6 (SD = 3.6) years old (72.4% female).MethodWe conducted a 2 (induced appearance goals versus no goal induction) x 2 (cheating confederate versus no observable cheating behavior by this person) experiment. A manipulation check confirmed that the manipulation of appearance goals was successful. Cheating behavior was observed by a confederate student and subsequently classified by two raters. Additionally, participants’ dishonesty in self-presentation questions was measured using deviations from baseline measures.Results The induction of appearance goals only led to increased cheating when the social norm suggested that cheating behavior was an acceptable way to increase performance (i.e., cheating confederate condition). For deceiving, we found a positive main effect of appearance goals and a negative interaction effect.ConclusionsTaken together, our results highlight that the mixed findings on the effect of performance goals on academic dishonesty might be due to uninvestigated moderators such as social norms. Future research should build on these findings to identify additional moderators.
The MAD Model of Moral Contagion: The role of motivation, attention and design in the spread of moralized content online
Authors: Brady William J. , Crockett Molly , Van Bavel Jay Joseph
Published: March 2019

With over 3 billion users, online social networks represent an important venue for moral and political discourse and have been used to organize political revolutions, influence elections, and raise awareness of social issues. These examples rely on a common process in order to be effective: the ability to engage users and spread moralized content through online networks. Here, we review evidence that expressions of moral emotion play an important role in the spread of moralized content (a phenomenon we call ‘moral contagion’). Next, we propose a psychological model to explain moral contagion. The ‘MAD’ model of moral contagion argues that people have group identity-based motivations to share moral-emotional content; that such content is especially likely to capture our attention; and that the design of social media platforms amplifies our natural motivational and cognitive tendencies to spread such content. We review each component of the model (as well as interactions between components) and raise several novel, testable hypotheses that can spark progress on the scientific investigation of civic engagement and activism, political polarization, propaganda and disinformation, and other moralized behaviors in the digital age.
Political Economy of Forest Tenure Reform Implementation in Nepal: Evolution, Contestation, Outcomes and Challenges
Authors: Banjade Mani Ram , Paudel Naya S , Mwangi Esther
Published: March 2019

Not available.
Political Economy of Forest Tenure Reform Implementation in Nepal: The Case of Protected Forests
Authors: Gautam Ambika P. , Bhujel Krishna B. , Chhetri Raju
Published: March 2019

Protected forest is a new approach to forest management in Nepal. The programme targets natural forest areas that have high biodiversity, scientific and cultural values but are not covered by the country’s protected area network. So far, eight biodiversity-rich natural forest areas and biological corridors, covering a total area of 133,754.8 hectares (ha) are being managed under this regime, and eight other forests, covering a total area of 194,907.9 ha are in the process of being declared as protected forests in the near future. By reviewing existing literature, policy, legislation and management plans, this paper makes a critical analysis of the protected forest management regime from political economy perspective with special focus on the rights offered to local communities, benefit sharing arrangements and tenure security. Mismatch among the law, policy, and practice; lack of legal clarity on the role, responsibility and authority of stakeholders; unclear benefit sharing arrangement; non-clarity about the rights of non-state right holders; and difference in perceptions of tenure arrangements among the stakeholders are some of the specific issues and challenges related to the management of protected forest. Some other contestations relate to division of authority, and benefits sharing between the government and local communities. There is a need to amend the Forest Act 1993 and Forest Regulations 1995, especially to clarify the legal status of the protected forest council, and address the issues of benefit sharing between the central government and local stakeholders. Another important need relates to adopting a flexible policy and implementation approach to address the contextual differences among different protected forest sites located in different physiographic zones across Nepal.
Neglected High Altitude Rangelands of Nepal: Need for Reform
Authors: Acharya Dhruba , Baral Nav Raj
Published: March 2019

High altitude (HA) rangelands (e.g., grasslands, pastures, and shrublands) are important resources for the livelihoods of transhumance pastoralists. Transhumance pastoralists have developed and used unique institutional practices of using and managing HA rangeland resources that better suit their local context. However, several issues have emerged regarding the use and management of such rangelands. Using secondary information and our own experiences, we analyse the resource tenure situation and the political ecology of the HA rangelands. We found that the current management of these resources is largely neglected from both legal and programmatic point of view. Legal instruments and programmatic interventions have not only failed to recognise historically held indigenous knowledge and long practiced resource conservation, use and management but have also limited the access of pastoralists to the resources, and thereby, inducing conflict among stakeholders. As a result, the livelihoods of the transhumance pastoralists have been threatened and several socio-cultural, economic and ecological consequences have also been experienced. We suggest developing a separate policy and management plan for HA rangeland resources considering the customary rights of transhumance pastoralists, resource conditions and appropriate management practices. We also suggest incorporating such perspectives in revising ongoing community forest and protected areas management.
Private Forests in Nepal: Status and Policy Analysis
Authors: Amatya Swoyambhu M. , Lamsal Prakash
Published: March 2019

This paper reviews and analyses the present status of private forests and tenure administration in light of existing legal, policy, and regulatory frameworks in Nepal. Additionally, the present status of private forests, as well as the scenarios of timber harvesting, transportation, marketing, and their administration are thoroughly revised. Provisions regarding forests and trees on private land and their basis are examined and implications are articulated for potential policy improvements for enhanced tenure security. It is shown that robust national-level policies and legal frameworks exist, and that there is an increasing trend of timber flows to markets from private forests over the past five years. However, there is still skepticism, mistrust and fear amongst private forest owners, saw millers, and forest administration that prevents the full use of the bundle of rights that legal and policy provisions have promised. An unusually slow pace of private forest registration, lengthy and multi stage processes for obtaining harvesting and transportation permits, and official bans on important commercial species, among others, are found to be the factors that most hinder the private forest owners’ and tree growers’ interests, and their rights and obligations with respect to the management and use of their private forest resources. It is concluded that a simplified permitting process along with programmatic support would promote and help to grow private forestry and that Nepal’s experience and lessons learned from community forest implementation would be a great asset to move towards this end. Connecting community forest user groups for organised and cooperative action, and mobilising their institutional strength and accumulated funds for pro-farmer technical and regulatory support would allow farmers to intensify tree plantations and forest management. Further steps are required to convince policymakers and secure necessary budgetary support to this end..
Penanganan Kolam Sedimentasi Hasil Pencucian Bauksit Di PT. ANTAM Tbk. Tayan
Authors: Ridho Muhammad , Rosadi Peter Eka
Published: March 2019

Bauxite ore mining PT.Antam Tbk. located in Tayan Hilir Subdistrict, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan Province is an open pit backfilling system. Besides the bauxite ore extraction, the washing process resulted slurry which is entering the open channel towards the sedimentation pond. This study aims to determine the total discharge of slurry that will enter the sedimentation pond and assess the capacity of existing sedimentation ponds. The results showed that based on the production target of 700,000 tons of Bauxite Washed/year with 60% concretion factor data, the total discharge of water entering the sedimentation pond was 3.54 m3/sec. The slurry from the open channel will go into the sedimentation pond so that the deposition found in Segment I, IV, V, and VI was 409.06 m3/day, 254.59 m3/day, 561.35 m3/day, and 273.90 m3/day respectivelly. Intensive dredging material will be carried out using two Hitachi Zaxis 210 LC Long-Arm Excavator units. The cleaning time needed by Segment I, IV, V, and VI are 10 days, 6 days,  9 days and 5 days, so that the dredging time of Segment I, IV, V, and VI are 82 days, 65 days, 53 days and 62 days respectivelly
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate vs. Sodium Coco Sulfate. Study of the Safety of Use Anionic Surfactants with Respect to Their Interaction with the Skin
Authors: Bujak Tomasz , Nizioł-Łukaszewska Zofia , Wasilewski Tomasz
Published: March 2019

As a result of growing awareness, consumers are increasingly interested in products that are safe on the skin and environmentally-friendly. This is one of the most important reasons for the very rapid development of the natural cosmetics segment which has been observed for several years now. Among the most commonly used anionic surfactants of natural origin are sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium coco sulfate (SCS). As there are no unambiguous reports on the safety of using SCS, in this study an attempt was made to evaluate the effect of SCS on the skin. The results of the determination of the skin irritation potential (zein value) indicate that the analyzed parameter is approximately 15 % lower in SCS than in SLS. SCS has a stronger ability to interact with epidermal lipids and cause their elution from the skin, which in turn may damage the protective epidermal barrier. The results obtained during the evaluation of the effect produced by the analyzed substances on the metabolism of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) show that after 4 h of incubation with the studied groups of compounds there was a significant decrease in cell proliferation. The highest decrease in cell metabolism was demonstrated for SLS.
Viscometric Studies of Cu(II) Surfactants Derived from Mustard Oil in Benzene at 303.15 K
Authors: Tank Pragya , Sharma Rashmi , Sharma Arun Kumar
Published: March 2019

The viscosity, specific viscosity, and fluidity of Cu(II) surfactant complexes derived from mustard oil with urea/thiourea/2-amino-6-chloro benzothiazole in a non-aqueous solvent has been determined at a constant temperature of 303.15 K. The results were used to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC), soap complex-solvent interactions and the effect of chain length of the surfactant molecule on various parameters. The conclusions with regard to solute-solute and solute-solvent interaction have been discussed in terms of well-known Moulik and Jones-Dole equations. The effect of surfactant concentration on the viscosity of the solution in non-polar solvent has been discussed. The observations suggested that the structure breaking effect by the solute on the solvent molecules is more prominent above CMC as compared to below CMC after the formation of the micelles. This information plays a role in various industrial and biological applications.
Evaluation of Fabric Softener Formulations with High Concentrations of Cationic Surfactant
Authors: Ogorzalek Marta , Wasilewski Tomasz , Klimaszewska Emilia
Published: March 2019

The study was an attempt to develop fabric softener formulations with a markedly higher content of active substances compared to traditional products. The assumption was to design the formulations in such a manner as to eliminate problems associated with the application of cationic surfactants at high concentrations, and to obtain products exhibiting a high level of quality (products characterized by functionality and usability expected by consumers). The selection of magnesium chloride concentration in products of this type was found to be related to the desired product concentration. It was also demonstrated that by adding salt to concentrated fabric softeners, it is possible to regulate their viscosity and dissolution time in water, and also reduce the viscoelastic properties which are undesirable in the process of manufacture of such products.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CULTIVARES DE SOJA APÓS INOCULAÇÃO DE ESTIRPES DE Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Costa Letícia Carolina , Tavanti Renan Francisco Rimoldi , Tavanti Tauan Rimoldi , Pereira Cassiano Spaziani
Published: March 2019

O uso de bactérias diasotróficas na agricultura pode promover incrementos de produtividade das culturas. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de inoculantes a base de rizobactérias Bacillus subtilis no desenvolvimento inicial da cultura soja. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com variedades comerciais de soja, M8210 e TMG132, avaliadas aos 15, 30 e 45 dias após semeadura (DAS). Em cada experimento, aplicou-se dois produtos no tratamento de sementes, um contendo a bactéria Bacillus subtilis estirpe pant001 nas concentrações de 0, 2, 4, 6 e 8 mL kg-1, e o tratamento adicional com um fungicida protetor comercial, que também possui Bacillus subtilis estirpe QST713 na sua formulação, na dose recomendada de 2 mL kg-1. Avaliou-se o índice Spad de clorofila de folhas do terço superior, médio e inferior do dossel aos 15, 30 e 45 DAS, a altura de plantas, fitomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea das plantas, fitomassa fresca e seca de raízes e volume de raízes aos 30 e 45 DAS. Os resultados indicaram aumento do índice Spad de clorofila das folhas de ambas as variedades com aumento das doses de Bacillus subtillis pant001, porém a inoculação não surtiu efeito sobre os atributos da parte aérea das plantas. Na variedade TMG132, houve incrementos na massa fresca de parte aérea após os 30 DAS e volume de raízes aos 45 DAS.Palavras-chave: Glycine max L., rizobactérias, tratamento de sementes. DEVELOPMENT OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS AFTER INOCULATION WITH STRAINS OF Bacillus subtilis ABSTRACT: Diasotrophic bacteria in agriculture can promote increases in crop productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of Bacillus subtilis rhizobacteria inoculants on the initial development of two soybean cultivars. Two experiments were conducted with commercial soybean varieties, M8210 and TMG132, evaluated at 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing (DAS). In each experiment, two products were applied in the treatment of seeds, a Bacillus subtilis strain pant001 at concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mL kg-1, and the additional treatment with a commercial protective fungicide, which also has Bacillus subtilis strain QST713 in its formulation at the recommended dose of 2 mL kg-1. The leaf chlorophyll content index of the upper, middle and lower canopy was evaluated at 15, 30 and 45 DAS, height of plants, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part of the plants, fresh and dry root mass and volume roots at 30 and 45 DAS. The results indicated an increase in the Spad index of leaf chlorophyll of both varieties with increasing doses of Bacillus subtillis pant001, but the inoculation had no effect on the attributes of the aerial part of the plants. In the TMG132 variety, there was an increase in fresh shoot mass after 30 DAS and root volume at 45 DAS.Keywords: Glycine max L., rhizobacteria, seed treatment.
AVALIAÇÃO DE ESPÉCIES ARBÓREAS PARA COMPOSIÇÃO DE CORTINAS DE SEGURANÇA CONTRA INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS
Authors: Kovalsyki Bruna , Casimiro Junior Luiz Donizeti , Assunção Rafaela , Travenisk Raquel Costa Chiao , Tetto Alexandre França , Batista Antonio Carlos
Published: March 2019

Cortina de segurança é um plantio em faixas com espécies vegetais de menor combustibilidade do que as do cultivo principal, a fim de reduzir ou evitar a propagação do fogo. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial das espécies Magnolia grandiflora L., Michelia champaca L., Viburnum odoratissimum Ker Gawl., Casearia sylvestris Swartz e Bougainvillea glabra Choisy para compor cortinas de segurança. Para isso, as espécies foram analisadas em função do teor de umidade, altura de chama, velocidade de propagação do fogo, quantidade de material combustível consumido em queimas experimentais e intensidade do fogo. Foram realizadas 10 repetições por espécie e as queimas foram realizadas no Laboratório de Incêndios Florestais, do Departamento de Ciências Florestais, da Universidade Federal do Paraná, em parcelas de 1 m², com uma carga de 1 kg de material combustível fino seco em estufa. As espécies que se destacaram nas análises foram B. glabra e C. sylvestris, as quais indicaram baixa combustibilidade, apresentando assim potencial para uso em cortina de segurança na prevenção de incêndios florestais.Palavras-chave: barreiras verdes, prevenção de incêndios, altura de chama, proteção florestal. EVALUATION OF TREE SPECIES FOR THE COMPOSITION OF GREEN FIREBREAKS AGAINST FOREST FIRES ABSTRACT: Green firebreaks are vegetation stripes with a lower combustibility than that of the main crop and are intended to prevent or restrict the spread of fire. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of the following tree species to compose firebreaks: Magnolia grandiflora L., Michelia champaca L., Viburnum odoratissimum Ker Gawl., Casearia sylvestris Swartz and Bougainvillea glabra Choisy. The species were analyzed according to their moisture content, flame height, fire spread rate, amount of fuel consumed in controlled burns, and fire intensity. There were ten repetitions per species and the burns were done at the wildfire laboratory, from the forest sciences department, of Universidade Federal do Paraná, on experimental plots of 1 m2, with 1 kg of thin fuel load, kiln-dried at 75 °C for 48 hours. The most notable species from the analyses were B. glabra and C. sylvestris, which indicated low combustibility, showing potential to compose green firebreaks and prevent forest fires.Keywords: green firebreaks, fire prevention, flame height, forest protection.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND ELEMENTARY EVALUATION OF WOODEN CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FROM ACTIVATED CARBON INDUSTRY
Authors: Banczek Everson do Prado , Brugnera Aline Barbiere , Christoforo André Luis , Machado Gilmara de Oliveira
Published: March 2019

AVALIAÇÃO MORFOLÓGICA E ELEMENTAR DE MATERIAIS CARBONÁCEOS DE MADEIRA DA INDÚSTRIA DE CARBONO ATIVADA A preocupação mundial na redução dos gases de efeito estufa para a atmosfera, combinada com leis ambientais mais rigorosas, tem levado a um aumento dos estudos sobre a energia renovável. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar lascas de madeira e carvão ativado por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDS). Os cavacos são oriundos de uma floresta de Pinus elliottii voltada para fins energéticos e foram queimados em uma fornalha de uma caldeira de geração de vapor. Esse vapor gerado pela caldeira em fornalhas apropriadas é utilizado na ativação de carvão vegetal por pequenos produtores regionais. MEV indicou um aumento na porosidade do carvão vegetal com o processo de ativação, e a análise EDS indicou que tanto os cavacos quanto os carvões, com e sem ativação, não apresentaram contaminantes, como os metais pesados. Este estudo revelou uma baixa toxicidade dos materiais lignocelulósicos à base de Pinus elliottii. A queima de cavacos de madeira na caldeira e o processo de ativação de carvão vegetal não apresentaram riscos ambientais.Palavras-chave: energia florestal, carbonização, carvão ativado, metais, porosidade. ABSTRACT: The worldwide concern of reducing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere combined with more stringent environmental laws has led to an increase in studies of renewable energy. This research aimed to characterize wood chips and activated charcoal by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The chips came from an energy forest of Pinus elliottii and were burned in the furnace of a boiler for steam generation. This steam generated by the boiler in appropriate furnaces is used in the activation of wood charcoal from small regional producers. SEM showed an increase in the porosity of the charcoal with the activation process, and EDS analysis indicated both chips and charcoals, with and without activation, have no contaminants, such as heavy metals. This study revealed a low toxicity of lignocellulosic materials based on Pinus elliottii. The burning of wooden chips in the boiler as well as the activation process of wood charcoal did not present apparent environmental risks.Keywords: forestry energy, carbonization, activated carbon, metals, porosity.
ANÁLISE BIOMÉTRICA DE FRUTOS E SEMENTES DE Passiflora cristalina Vanderplank & Zappi
Authors: Silveira Greiciele Farias da , Rossi Ana Aparecida Bandini , Oliveira Uéliton Alves de , Varella Tatiane Lemos , Rossi Fernanda Saragosa , Cavallari Alessandro Antonio , Galvanin Edinéia Aparecida dos Santos
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do presente trabalho é caracterizar biometricamente os frutos e sementes de Passiflora cristalina Vanderplank & Zappi ocorrentes na região de Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso. Foram coletados em 2013 um total de 100 frutos maduros de 15 genótipos e destes foram selecionadas 300 sementes aleatoriamente. Os frutos foram analisados quanto ao comprimento, largura, espessura, peso, espessura da casca, o peso da polpa, o peso das sementes/fruto, número de sementes/fruto e teor de sólidos solúveis. As sementes foram avaliadas em relação ao comprimento, largura, espessura e índice de volume. As características biométricas foram analisadas mediante distribuição de frequência calculando-se o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e o nível de significância através do teste T. O comprimento do fruto correlacionou-se positivamente com a largura e peso do fruto, espessura da casca e com peso das sementes, não havendo uma correlação com o número de sementes por fruto. Houve uma ampla distribuição de frequência das características avaliadas nos frutos, com exceção do peso das sementes. A alta variação fenotípica encontrada para a maioria das características avaliadas nos frutos e sementes de P. cristalina revela que a espécie tem divergência genética a ser utilizado em programas de seleção e conservação de recursos genéticos.Palavras-chave: divergência genética, maracujá, recursos genéticos. BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FRUITS AND SEEDS OF Passiflora cristalina Vanderplank & Zappi ABSTRACT: The present work has presented the fruits and seeds of Passiflora cristalina Vanderplank & Zappi occurring in the region of Alta Floresta, Mato Grosso. A total of 100 mature fruits of 15 genotypes were collected in 2013 and 300 seeds were randomly selected. The fruits were inert to the length, thickness, thickness, weight, bark thickness, pulp weight, seed/fruit weight, number of seeds / fruit and soluble solids content. The seeds were evaluated for length, width, thickness and volume index. The biometric characteristics were analyzed with the calculation frequency calculated with the Spearman correlation coefficient and the level of significance throughout the T test. Fruit weight was correlated with fruit width and weight, bark thickness and weight of the fruits. Seeds without a key with the number of seeds per fruit. There is an offer of food distribution in the fruits, with the exception of the weight of the seeds. The high phenotypic variance found for a greater number of species evaluated in fruits and seeds of P.cristalina reveals that a type of genetics has been characterized in programs of selection and conservation of genetic resources.Keywords: genetic divergence, passion fruit, genetic resources.