bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERIODIC TABLE REPRESENTATIONS IN TURKISH UPPER-SECONDARY SCHOOL CHEMISTRY TEXTBOOKS AND THE CHEMISTRY TEACHERS’ OPINIONS ON THEM
Authors: Akaygun Sevil , Arkun Ebrunur
Published: January 2023

Periodic table is an important tool of chemistry for understanding the structure, function, and properties of the elements. Periodic table representations given in upper-secondary school chemistry textbooks are critical as they introduce chemical concepts. This study aimed to explore the features of periodic table representations given in Turkish upper-secondary school chemistry textbooks and the opinions of chemistry teachers who were using these textbooks in their classes. This qualitative study was composed of two stages. In the first stage, seven different upper-secondary school chemistry textbooks commonly used in Turkey were selected and analyzed by content analysis based on five criteria; type, content, portrayal, periodic trends, and color, emerged from the data. In the second stage, interviews were conducted by seven chemistry teachers who were actively using these textbooks in their classes. The results showed that generally teachers liked the basic, color-coded, recent, accurate periodic table representations to introduce the concepts. While teaching, they mostly preferred to show a complete periodic table first, and then the segmented ones. For the periodic trends, they agreed to include numerical values on the periodic table for letting students make sense of these values instead of having arrows that may cause memorization.
Keywords: Turkish chemistry textbooks, periodic table representations, periodic trend, chemistry education
THE WATERWORKS: A CONTEXT FOR UNDERSTANDING CHEMISTRY CONCEPTS IN THE SEVENTH GRADE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Kozić Miloš S. , Trivic Dragica D.
Published: January 2023

Industry field trips provide the contexts that enable students to improve their understanding of chemical concepts and processes. The aim of this research study was to explore to what extent students improve their understanding of water, solutions, mixtures, and the methods used for separating mixture components in the context of the waterworks, and what their views towards such an approach are. The sample consisted of 36 students aged 13 to 14 years, equally divided into the experimental and control group. The teaching unit Water and its significance for the living world was realised within the context of the waterworks in the experimental group, while in the control group it was realised using a conventional approach at school. Prior to the elaboration of the teaching unit the students from both groups had been tested using a pre-test, and upon the completion they were tested using a post-test. The views of the experimental group were examined using a questionnaire. The obtained results showed that the activities in the context of waterworks improved the understanding of the studied concepts, that students recognised the relevance of the applied context for their personal and societal life, as well as for their own future professional activities.
Keywords: chemistry concepts, context-based approach, waterworks, industry field trip, thirteen-year-old students
THE IMPLEMENTATIONS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS ABOUT THE CONCEPT OF DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
Authors: Alqirnas Hind Rasheed
Published: January 2023

The current study seeks to explore primary school teachers’ implementations of the concept of digital citizenship. The study adopted a questionnaire as the quantitative method and distributed it to the participants online. 943 participants were both (female, male) of Hail city in Saudi Araba. The results show that the primary teachers have positive implementations about the concept of digital citizenship and its dimensions. It also found that tender had no effect on digital citizenship dimensions. However, primary teachers with more than 10 years of technological experience high higha level of knowledge of concept of digital citizenship, especially in digital communication and digital etiquette.
Based on the findings, the study recommended focusing on developing the capabilities of educational cadres in general and teachers in particular, as well as preparing and training them in the areas of digital citizenship, allowing them to teach it effectively and to effectively employ digital technologies in the educational process. More research is needed in the future to identify the requirements for citizenship in education from the set of cultural, social, health, legal, and security determinants related to digital technology that enable the educational system in general, and teachers in particular, to contribute to the preparation of a modern citizen capable of using and employing digital technology in a safe and sound manner.
Keywords: descriptive research, digital citizenship (dc), education system, primary school teachers
ONLINE READING IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Kerneža Maja , Kordigel Aberšek Metka
Published: January 2023

Learning environments and teaching methods have been constantly changing over the past decades. As the shift in the learning environment is primarily toward a physical to an online learning environment, this study examines how to enable younger students to select appropriate content for learning in digital learning environments that they can then successfully read and evaluate using appropriate strategies. The study is based on 54 in-depth case studies. Using the Internet reciprocal teaching method (IRT), 54 implementers trained 54 primary school students from first to fifth grade in basic computer skills, Internet information searching, and website navigation, as well as analysing data obtained using the TICA Phase 1, 2, and 3 Checklists, the implementers' report, and the children notes in a text editor. Triangulation of the data in combination with selected statistical methods shows that there are differences in the use of the method between students according to age. While the latter can use an unadopted form of the method, younger students need some adjustments, which are suggested in the light of previous research.
Keywords: digital literacy, e-reading, primary school, internet reciprocal teaching, online learning
Retention of placenta and its associated factors in Bangladeshi zebu cattle
Authors: Debnath R , Saha A , Talukder LN , Bhuiyan MMU , Bhattacharjee J
Published: January 2023

The aim was to find out the incidence of retention of placenta in 175 zebu cattle with regard to age, body condition score (BCS), parity, and feeding system. Pretested questionnaire was used for collecting the information. The overall incidence of manually removed placenta was 10.3%. Age, body condition score and feeding system had significant effect (P<0.05) on incidence of manual removal of placenta. The effect of parity was not significant. The highest incidence of 14.3%, 16%, 11.8% and 12% was in cows over 7 years of age, 6th parity, poor BCS and stall-feeding, respectively. It is suggested that animals aged 4 to 7 years, fair body condition, and free-range grazing were less susceptible to retained placenta.

Bangl. vet. 2021. Vol. 38, No. 1-2, 17–23
Trematode infections in cattle and their vector snails in Rajshahi district in Bangladesh
Authors: Sejuti S , Alim MA , Hossain KMM , Yasin MG , Labony SS , Anisuzzaman - , Mondal MMH
Published: January 2023

The prevalence of snail-borne trematodes (SBTs) of cattle and their vector snails in Rajshahi district in Bangladesh were determined. A total of 380 faecal samples of cattle were collected and examined using Modified Stoll’s Ova Counting Technique. Of the smaples examined, 130 (34.2%) animals were found affected with SBTs, and the mean egg per gram of faeces (EPG) was 180.3 ± 0.8. The trematodal infections by Fasciola gigantica (1.1%), different amphistomes (32.9%), and Schistosoma spindale (0.8%) were detected among the infected cattle. The effects of age, sex, breed, and body condition of the cattle on the prevalence of SBTs were determined. The infection rate was higher in young (> 2- 4 years) cattle (46.5%), followed by calves of ≤ 2 years (35.3%), and the lowest in older (> 4 years) cattle (20%). The prevalence of trematode infections was significantly (P<0.0001) higher in females (36.5%) than in male (28.3%) cattle. The prevalence was higher in cattle with poor body condition (48.7%) than in cattle with normal body condition (24.8%). Significantly (P<0.008) higher prevalence of trematode infection was recorded in indigenous cattle (41.2%) than in cross-bred cattle (26.9%). It is suggested that SBT infection is a common problem in cattle in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. Particular emphasis should be given to proper management and regular deworming, and sustainable control measures should be developed for the prevention of SBT infection in cattle.

Bangl. vet. 2021. Vol. 38, No. 1-2, 24–32
INTIYA TĒCIYAT TĒRVUP PAṆIYIṈ ILAKKIYAP PARIMĀṆAṄKAḶ [LITERARY DIMENSIONS OF NATIONAL TESTING SERVICE-INDIA]
Authors: A.ESWARAN
Published: January 2023

The National Testing Service-India has defined and categorized the common assessment components for assessing Indian language and literature. It could not find that these evaluation components of literature borrowed and observed from Indian grammars like meter, rhetoric, and others. It appears that the defining elements may not be sufficient and appropriate for understanding, teaching, and evaluating the Indian literature (especially traditional literature such as epic, minor literature and drama). The contemporary common characteristics of literature may be applicable to all contemporary literature in the context of literary works. But these characteristics cannot be fully applied to Indian literatures. So, the new assessment components may be defined with contemporary common characteristics of literature and the inclusion of the poetic qualities of Indian traditional grammars. Because those grammars were written for Indian language literatures. Then the assessment components may vary according to the literary genres.
Proses Diagenesis Batupasir Formasi Kanikeh, Seram Bagian Timur, Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Gibran Akhmad Khahlil , Kusworo Aries , Wahyudiono Joko , Bayu Purwasatriya Eko
Published: January 2023

Batupasir Formasi Kanikeh yang berumur Carnian-Norian, tersebar dari Maluku hingga Maluku Tenggara. Formasi Kanikeh terendapkan pada lingkungan transisi dan karakter reservoir pada formasi ini masih belum banyak diungkap. Studi ini fokus terhadap pengaruh diagenesis terhadap karakteristik reservoir pada sikuen batupasir berumur Carnian-Norian di Daerah Seram Bagian Timur, Maluku. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengamatan petrografi dan Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS). Hasil pengamatan petrografi menunjukkan batupasir pada Seram Bagian Timur ini didominasi oleh lithic wacke, litharenite, dan arkose. Dari pengamatan SEM-EDS, mineral yang teramati termasuk dalam grup silika yang berasal dari kelompok mineral silika, feldspar, mineral lempung, dan mineral mika. Kelompok silika berupa butiran kuarsa. Kelompok feldspar yang teramati adalah K-feldspar yang berupa butiran. Kelompok mineral lempung paling dominan muncul di antaranya smektit, illit, kaolinit, halloisit. Kelompok mika yang teramati adalah muskovit. Diagenesis yang terjadi pada batupasir ini termasuk kompaksi; sementasi kalsit, kuarsa, mineral lempung, dan oksida besi; pelarutan; dan rekahan pada butiran karena tektonik. Butiran klastik yang tidak stabil, seperti feldspar mengalami alterasi menjadi mineral lempung. Berdasarkan karakteristik diagenesis tersebut, batupasir Formasi Kanikeh pada daerah ini memiliki karakter reservoir yang dapat diabaikan.Katakunci: Diagenesis, Kanikeh, reservoir, Seram.
Studi Diagenesis Batugamping di Desa Wakorumba, Kecamatan Wakorumba Selatan, Kabupaten Muna, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: - Arisona , Praja Nia Kurnia , Okto Ali
Published: January 2023

Studi yang dilakukan di daerah Desa Wakorumba, Kecamatan Wakorumba Selatan, Kabupaten Muna, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, terletak di koordinat 04Âº 58' 20'' - 04Âº 55' 0'' LS dan 122Âº 50' 0'' -122Âº 52' 20'' BT. Tujuan studi yang mendasarkan pada analisis petrografi adalah untuk mengetahui jenis batugamping dan tipe diagenesis yang terjadi pada Formasi Wapulaka, Formasi Sampolakosa, dan Anggota Batugamping Formasi Tondo. Berdasarkan kenampakan fisik dan tekstur batuan karbonat seperti skeletal grain, non-skeletal grain, mikrit dan sparit maka batugamping di daerah ini berjenis wackestone, packstone, dan crystalline. Formasi Wapulaka mempunyai tipe diagenesis sementasi dan neomorfisme. Diagenesis tipe mikritisasi dan neomorfisme berkembang pada Formasi Sampolakosa, dan pada Anggota Batugamping Formasi Tondo berupa sementasi, pelarutan, dan neomorfisme. Beragam tipe diagenesis tersebut terjadi di lingkungan marine phreatic, meteoric phreatic dan meteoric vadose.Katakunci: Batugamping dan diagenesis, Sampolakosa, Tondo, Wapulaka.
Morphostructure and Hydrogeochemical Analysis of Geothermal Systems in Karaha Bodas and Talaga Bodas Field, West Java
Authors: Widiastuti Ajeng Kania , Nindita Sahdarani Dyah
Published: January 2023

The Karaha Bodas and Talaga Bodas are two geothermal fields which are located in Tasikmalaya, West Java. The Karaha Bodas and Talaga Bodas fields have geothermal prospects with the discovery of several surface manifestations in the form of hot springs, fumaroles, and acid lakes. The orientation of the structure that developed in the two fields showed a different orientation. However, no research explains the relationship between the geothermal system in the Karaha Bodas field and the Talaga Bodas field, and the potential of Cipacing and Pamoyanan. The survey location is in Garut and Tasikmalaya, West Java. The investigation method used is qualitative (morphostructure analysis) and quantitative (hydrogeochemical analysis) methods. Data processing using DEM (Digital Elevation Model) for morphostructure analysis, and water chemistry from the Karaha Bodas, Talaga Bodas, and Cipacing fields for hydrogeochemical analysis. The analysis shows that the relationship between the Karaha Bodas and Talaga Bodas geothermal systems is typical a geothermal system, with having two different heat sources, the Talaga Bodas field as an upflow zone, and the Karaha Bodas field with Cipacing and Pamoyanan potentials as an outflow zone.Keywords: Conceptual model, geothermal system, hydrogeochemical, Karaha Bodas, morphostructure, Talaga Bodas.
Interpretasi Penyebaran Batuan Induk Pada Cekungan Bintuni, Papua Barat Berdasarkan Analisis Data Magnetotelurik dan Gayaberat
Authors: Hidayat Hidayat , Rohiman Asep , Marjiyono Marjiyono , Lucki Junursyah G.M. , Djaswadi Irianto
Published: January 2023

Integrasi data magnetotelurik (MT) dan gayaberat satelit digunakan untuk mendelineasi keberadaan batuan induk di bawah permukaan di Cekungan Bintuni. Data MT diperoleh dengan survei darat sebanyak 8 titik pengukuran yang membentang sepanjang 20 km berarah timurlaut-baratdaya. Pengolahan data MT berhasil meningkatkan kualitas data dari rentang 53,17 - 74,53 % ke rentang koherensi 78,57 - 91,12 %. Data MT dengan kualitas baik selanjutnya digunakan untuk melakukan pemodelan bawah permukaan. Data gayaberat diperoleh dari data GGMPlus yang memiliki resolusi spasial sebesar 200 m. Data berupa gravity disturbance kemudian diolah hingga memperoleh anomali Bouguer lengkap. Selanjutnya, anomali Bouguer lengkap ditapis untuk memperoleh sebaran anomali residual. Hasil dari metode gayaberat menunjukkan adanya klosur anomali tinggi dan rendah dengan arah baratlaut -tenggara yang diduga merupakan sumbu antiklin-sinklin di sekitar area yang tersesarkan geser mengiri berarah timurlaut - baratdaya. Geometri struktur geologi berupa antiklin dan sinkin tersebut dikonfirmasi oleh penampang vertikal MT yang sekaligus memetakan keberadaan puncak (top) anomali tahanan jenis rendah yang diperoleh di kedalaman 1.500 - 4.000 m di bawah permukaan. Anomali tahanan jenis rendah ini diduga merupakan respons keberadaan mature black shale Formasi Ainim yang berperan sebagai batuan induk di Cekungan Bintuni. Integrasi metode MT dan gayaberat ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam studi regional pada Cekungan Sedimen.Katakunci: Cekungan Bintuni, gayaberat, GGMPlus, magnetotelurik, struktur geologi.Â
Petrofisika dan Pemodelan untuk Evaluasi Potensi Hidrokarbon Serpih Formasi Kelesa, Cekungan Sumatra Tengah
Authors: Widhiyatmoko Masykur , Isnania Putri Nurul , Hermiyanto Zajuli Moh Heri , Iskandar Yusuf , Rodearna Siallaga Ivan , Sukma Gumilar Iwan , Nurdiana Indra
Published: January 2023

Hidrokarbon serpih merupakan sumber energi minyak dan gas bumi non-konvensional yang terperangkap dalam formasi batuan serpih kaya akan kandungan material organik, akan tetapi memiliki porositas dan permeabilitas yang sangat rendah. Penyelidikan ini memiliki tujuan untuk menjelaskan proses karakterisasi serpih Formasi Kelesa yang berpotensi sebagai pembawa hidrokarbon serpih berdasarkan perbedaan kondisi geologi, struktur, petrofisika, geokimia, dan geomekanika. Penyelidikan ini dilakukan pada Formasi Kelesa di Cekungan Sumatra Tengah, Provinsi Riau. Penyelidikan ini menggunakan data hasil analisis laboratorium geokimia, data log sumur, dan data seismik 2D. Data log sumur digunakan untuk analisis petrofisika yang menghasilkan nilai property batuan pembawa hidrokarbon serpih, yaitu kandungan serpih, TOC, dan indeks kegetasan. Data hasil analisis laboratorium geokimia digunakan untuk kalibrasi hasil analisis petrofisika. Interpretasi seismik dengan melakukan penarikan horizon Formasi Kelesa menghasilkan peta struktur kedalaman. Pemodelan statis property kandungan serpih, TOC, dan indeks kegetasan dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan hasil interpretasi seismik dan analisis data sumur. Selain itu, analisis sejarah pengendapan atau burial history dilakukan untuk membuat pemodelan kematangan. Integrasi dari semua hasil pengolahan data menentukan daerah menarik (sweet spot) dari serpih Formasi Kelesa di daerah penyelidikan.Katakunci : Daerah menarik, Formasi Kelesa, hidrokarbon serpih, petrofisika.
Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Patients with Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Liu Jingpeng , Huang Peng , Zhang Xiaoqing , Chen Yong , Zheng Xin , Shen Rufei , Tang Xuefeng , Yang Hui , Li Song
Published: January 2023

Objective : Ischemia and hemorrhage of pituitary adenomas (PA) caused important clinical syndrome. However, the differences on clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes between these two kinds apoplexy were less reported.Methods : A retrospective analysis was made of patients with pituitary apoplexy between January 2013 and June 2018. Baseline and clinical characteristics before surgery were reviewed. All patients underwent transsphenoidal surgery and were followed up at least 1 year.Results : Total 67 cases (5.8%) among 1147 pituitary tumor patients were enrolled, which consisted of 28 (~2.4%) ischemic PA and 39 (~3.4%) hemorrhagic PA. There were more male patients in the ischemic group compared with hemorrhagic group (78.6% vs 53.8%, p=0.043). However, the mean age, tumor size and functional tumor ratio were significant higher in the hemorrhagic group. Headache was more common in ischemic PA (82.1%) than that of hemorrhagic PA (51.3%, p=0.011). Magnetic resonance imaging findings found that mucosal thickening and enhancement of the sphenoid sinus was observed in 15 ischemic PA patients (n=27, 55.6%), but none in patients with hemorrhagic PA (n=38, p<0.0001). It was worth noting that the rate of pre-surgical hypopituitarism in ischemic PA patients were seemed higher than that in hemorrhagic PA patients, but not significant. The two groups got a total tumor resection rate at 94.1% and 92.9%, independently. No significant difference on the operative time, blood loss in operation and complications in perioperative period was observed in two groups. After operation, cranial nerve symptoms recovered to normal at 81.8% of ischemic PA patients and 82.6% of hemorrhagic PA patients. Importantly, the incidence of postoperative hypopituitarism partially decreased in both groups, among which the rate of hypothyroidism in ischemic PA patients significantly decreased from 46.4% to 18.5% (p=0.044).Conclusion : Patients with ischemic PA presented different clinical characteristics to the hemorrhagic ones. Transsphenoidal surgery should be considered for the patients with neuro-ophthalmic deficits and might benefit for pituitary function recovery of the apoplectic adenoma patients, especially pituitary thyroid axis in ischemic PA patients.
Benchmarking of Irrigation Performance in Karataş and Karaçal Irrigation Associations
Authors: ABDİSAMAD1 Ahmed Qadar , SENER Mehmet
Published: January 2023

This study was carried out to evaluate the system performances of Karataş and Karaçal irrigation associations located in Burdur province. Karataş irrigation association was put into operation in 1982 and Karaçal irrigation association in 2015 with irrigation areas are 5476 and 4975 ha, respectively. The same public personnel were appointed to both irrigation associations as the Head of the Association in 2018, and as of 2019, both irrigation Associations were gathered under the management of Karataş irrigation association. In this study, the performances of Karataş irrigation, which has an old and predominantly open canal system, and Karaçal irrigation systems, which are relatively new and have a pressurized irrigation system, between the years 2015-2019 have been evaluated. In the performance evaluation, a set of indicators under two main headings as water use efficiency, and financial efficiency recommended by the International Technology and Research Program in Irrigation and Drainage (IPTRID) was used. According to the results of the research, when the water use efficiency is examined, especially Annual relative irrigation supply (0.53-0.73 for Karataş; 0.47-0.96 for Karaçal) and irrigation ratio (20-72% for Karataş; 36% for Karaçal) 55) values were not at the desired levels. In terms of Financial Efficiency, cost recovery ratio (119-401% for Karataş; 144-311 for Karaçal) and revenue collection performance (78-442% for Karataş; 10-130 for Karaçal) were found to be high. Although this is a new irrigation, Karaçal irrigation shows that relatively high maintenance costs are incurred. Total operating maintenance and management (MOM) cost per unit area is US$ 9.60-14.98/ha for Karataş and as 1.32-22.92 US$/ha for Karaçal. These values showed that, in general, both irrigations have sufficient financial strength.
Effects of Combination of Copper Fungicide and Plant Activator on Late Blight and Quality Criteria of Potato
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Nilay
Published: January 2023

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most important fungal diseases that cause damage to both the green parts and tuber of the potato plant and limits potato cultivation. Systemic fungicides are mostly preferred by farmers in the control of potato late blight. The fact that systemic fungicides cause health problems in terms of human and environmental health has revealed the need for research on control methods that do not threaten environmental health. In recent years, successful results have been obtained in the control of many diseases with plant activators known as Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) promoters. This study was carried out in the spring season of 2016-2017 to observe the effect of copper fungicide and plant activator (Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product) combination on the control of potato late blight disease and some quality criteria of potato tubers in the experimental plots of Ege University Ödemiş Vocational School in Ödemiş district of İzmir province. The experiment was planned as two separate experiments with Marabel and Melody potato cultivars. The experiment was established according to a split-plot experimental design with four replications. In this study, the effect of the treatments on potato quality and yield criteria such as tuber number, tuber width, tuber length, single tuber weight, yield per decare, and the effects of the pesticides on potato late blight disease and disease severity parameters were evaluated. When the data obtained as a result of the study were evaluated, it was determined that the combination application had a positive effect on the control of potato late blight disease in both potato cultivars compared to the control plots. When the quality criteria of potato tubers were evaluated, the highest number of tubers was obtained from the plots where copper fungicide and plant activator (Isr-2000) combination was applied. Significant increase was obtained in potato quality and yield criteria such as tuber width, tuber length, average tuber weight and yield per decare when the combination plots were compared with the control plots. In conclusion, the use of contact fungicides and plant activator combinations in the control of late blight in the spring period within the scope of sustainable agriculture is promising as an application alternative in the control of plant diseases in organic agriculture.
Analysis of Energy Use Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rainfed Canola Production (Case study: Çanakkale Province, Turkey)
Authors: ÖZPINAR Sakine
Published: January 2023

Agriculture and energy are two closely related issues, agriculture not only consumes energy, but it also supplies energy. While increasing energy use in agriculture causes environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions, it also leads to the depletion of non-renewable energy resources. On the other hand, decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement the efficiency of energy use is among the important issues of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study was done to determine the energy inputs and greenhouse gas emissions in rainfed canola production. Data were collected by conducting face-to-face interviews in the period of 2021-2022 in 42-farm in Çanakkale province, located in the northwest of Turkey. Results introduced that the energy use efficiency and net energy gain were 3.63 and 72786.16 MJ ha-1, respectively. In energy consumption, the highest rate of 46.62% belongs to fuel, and then nitrogen with 40.44%. The consumption of total energy is obtained as direct (46.46%), indirect (53.54%), renewable (1.07%) and non-renewable (98.93%). It has been determined that the energy requirements of the farms belong to non-renewable energy with an amount of 27384.03 MJ ha-1, and this is especially prominent in diesel fuel and nitrogen fertilizer. The results show that the agricultural production in the area where the study is carried out mostly depends on non-renewable energy sources, whereas the use of renewable energy is very low. Total greenhouse gas emissions per hectare were equivalent to 1921.66 kg CO2, and the highest amount was determined to belong to machinery and diesel fuel, with 53.20% and 32.66%, respectively. According to the results obtained in the farms where the study was carried out, it was revealed that the economic use and sustainability of energy can be strongly recommended in rainfed canola production using mechanization, especially considering the non-renewable energy inputs.
Factors Influencing Participation in Self-Managed Livestock Markets in Rural Communities in the Republic of Benin
Authors: AKOUEGNONHOU Oscar , DEMİRBAŞ Nevin
Published: January 2023

Livestock in West Africa is an example of regional value chain development. It is essentially based on the trade in livestock between production areas and consumption centers. The livestock trade is an important economic activity in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities as it is their source of income. The livestock trade in these regions takes place at several sites, the best known of which are the livestock markets. Two different types of livestock market are investigated in this study. Self-managed livestock markets (Marché à Bétail Autogéré: MBA), are new models for marketing livestock in the Republic of Benin. Unlike traditional livestock markets (Marché à Bétail traditionnel: MT), MBAs offer several advantages to its participants by creating a platform where sellers and buyers can meet to trade without intermediaries. The absence of the intermediary system in the operation of MBA markets makes them different from MT markets. Because of their important role in rural development, MBAs have become the focus of policy makers and international development organizations. The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors that affect farmers' participation in MBA markets. The study used primary data collected from face-to-face surveys of a random sample of 300 livestock farmers consisting of 150 respondents from the MBA and 150 respondents from the MT. Descriptive statistics and Binary Logistic Regression were used to analyze the data. The results of the Logistic Regression Analysis revealed that access to market information, payment type, cooperative partnership, beef cattle herd size, sheep herd size, goat herd size and farmland ownership have significant positive effects on MBA market participation, while distance to market has significant negative effects on MBA market participation. Improving these factors could increase the participation of livestock farmers in the MBAs in the Republic of Benin. This would increase their income and improve their living conditions. Knowledge of the factors influencing participation in MBA markets would also help stakeholders and policy makers in their decision making.
Intensive culture of diatoms Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenb.) Reimann et Lewin
Authors: Zheleznova Svetlana N. , Gevorgiz Ruslan G.
Published: January 2023

Growth characteristics of a diatom microalgе Cylindrotheca closterium are investigated. Cylindrotheca closterium cultivated on nutrient mediums which were received by proportional increase all biogenous elements concentration of the environment F. It is shown that culture efficiency increases due to proportional increase of the biogenous elements up to 20 F in a nutrient medium. The maximum efficiency of this microalga is received at cultivation on a nutrient medium 20 F and made 1.74 g/l.
Influence of the oceanic concentration of the sulphur on diatoms growth in the NE Black Sea
Authors: Lifanchuk Anna V. , Fedorov Aleksey V.
Published: January 2023

The following hypothesis is tested in the paper: increasing the sulfur concentration to the oceanic level has contributed to the taxonomic diversity of phytoplankton. Since the Black Sea phytoplankton is adapted to sulfur concentrations equal to half the oceanic level, increasing the concentration of this element to the oceanic level should not lead to a decrease in the production properties of the dominant species. In the experimental conditions, the effect of increasing concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur on the biomass concentration of diatom Leptocylindrus danicus and Chaetoceros sp. in the stationary phase of a bath culture. It is shown that an increase in the sulfur concentration leads to a significant decrease in the production properties of diatoms. Consequently, at the level of centric diatoms, the proposed hypothesis c’ not be accepted.
A Study on the Prediction of Characteristics of Molding Sand Using Machine Learning and Data Preprocessing Techniques
Authors: Lee Jeong-Min , Kim Moon-Jo , Choe Kyeong-Hwan , Kim DongEung
Published: January 2023

The main components of molding sand used in sand casting are sand, clay and water. The composition of the molding sand has a great influence on the properties of the casting. In order to obtain high-quality castings, it is important to manage the components that affect the properties of the molding sand such as especially green compression strength and compactability. In this work, green compression strength and compactability are predicted through a machine learning technique using the processing data obtained from a foundry and the properties of molding sand as the input variables. Through the correlation analysis between the input variables and the response variable, we investigated the relationship between the processing data and the properties of the molding sand. The possibility of predicting the characteristics of molding sand with high accuracy was confirmed using a model created through data preprocessing with the real foundry data. If the composition of the molding sand is adjusted in the foundry using the generated model, it is expected that higher quality castings can be produced and the productivity can be increased.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Sn-Doped Permingeatites Cu3Sb1-ySnySe4
Authors: Pi Ji-Hee , Lee Go-Eun , Kim Il-Ho
Published: January 2023

In this study, Cu3Sb1-ySnySe4 (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.08) permingeatites were synthesized via mechanical alloying followed by hot pressing. The phase transformation, microstructure, charge transport parameters of the permingeatites, and their thermoelectric properties were analyzed. The permingeatites were present in a single phase with a tetragonal structure, and secondary phases were not detected. The permingeatites had relative densities of 97.2%–98.5%. The lattice constants of the a- and c-axis increased when Sn was substituted at the Sb sites. With increasing Sn content, the carrier concentration increased to (2.2–4.1) × 1019 cm-3; however, mobility did not change significantly, at 58–66 cm2V-1s-1. The undoped Cu3SbSe4 behaved as a non-degenerate semiconductor. Its Lorenz number was calculated to be (1.57–1.56) × 10-8V2K-2 at 323–623 K, and a maximum dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of 0.39 was obtained at the temperature of 623 K, power factor of 0.49 mWm-1K-2, and thermal conductivity of 0.76 Wm-1K-1. However, the Sn-doped specimens behaved as degenerate semiconductors. Their Lorenz numbers increased to (1.63–1.94) × 10-8V2K-2 at 323–623 K. Cu3Sb0.96Sn0.04Se4 exhibited a remarkably enhanced ZT of 0.71 at a temperature of 623 K, power factor of 1.18 mWm-1K-2, and thermal conductivity of 1.01 Wm-1K-1.
Violência, tortura e luta pela sobrevivência na vida e nas obras de Luandino Vieira
Authors: Graziosi Michela
Published: January 2023

Partindo de algumas notas biográficas e históricas para contextualizar Luandino Vieira, escritor militante que elaborou um novo cânone das literaturas pós-coloniais de língua portuguesa, refletiremos sobre a importância da memória como instrumento de resistência em condições de limitação da liberdade (Todorov, 1996), destacando o valor auxiliar da escrita literária como fonte histórica, central no âmbito da produção do escritor, quase inteiramente surgida no cárcere. Finalmente, através da análise de dois contos de Vidas Novas, será avaliada a função de testemunho da totalidade da sua obra, com foco na representação da violência exercida pelas forças coloniais sobre o povo angolano.
La Escuela Superior de Guerra de Brasil: herencia moderna y singularidad soberanista. La geopolítica formal en Travassos, Do Couto e Silva y Meira Mattos
Authors: Delgado Castresana Mireia , Limón López Pedro
Published: January 2023

La Escuela Superior de Guerra creada en 1949 en Brasil fue un hito en la articulación del pensamiento geopolítico brasileño y regional, no sólo a partir de la creación de conocimiento por parte de las elites militares, sino por su papel protagonista en los procesos políticos desarrollados en el Estado brasileño y en el conjunto de la región latinoamericana. En este trabajo se analizan los modelos geopolíticos  elaborados por tres de los grandes pensadores del pensamiento militar moderno en Brasil, analizando el diálogo que establecen entre sus premisas ontológicas y epistemológicas –científicas, modernizadoras, militares- y el pensamiento moderno colonial portugués.
Antioxidant, Antifungal and Cytotoxic Impact of Acacia nilotica Bark Aqueous Extract
Authors: Janani Manoharan , Devipriya Anbumani , Kayal Vizhi Dhandapani , Babujanarthanam Ranganathan
Published: January 2023

The medicative plants were copiously applied in the healing of health complications. Traditionally implemented, medicative-worthy Acacia nilotica (Fabaceae family), is applied globe-wide in customary healing practices. Here, we have tried to unravel the antioxidant, fungicidal, antibacterial and cytotoxic trait of A. nilotica bark aqueous extract. Phyto-content testing revealed presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids. The antioxidant efficacies were 39.12 µg/ml (for DPPH assay) and 42.64 µg/ml (for NO assay) as IC50 ranges, respectively. The bark aqueous extract manifested fungicidal impact on all the screened fungal strains with the highest inhibitory zone against A. fumigatus (19.5 ± 0.45 mm). The MTT assay of bark aqueous extract registered a dose-related cytotoxic impression with 39.05 µg/ml (IC50 outcome). Hence, it emphasizes strongly that A. nilotica bark aqueous extract is a prospective therapeutic source and it is indispensable to further scrutinize its therapeutic and curative properties.
Biodiversity of Calliphoridae Flies in South Rajasthan in Relation to Their Importance in Forensic Entomology
Authors: Arti Prasad , Suman
Published: January 2023

The analysis of the insect community present on a decomposing corpse can often provide valuable forensic insights, especially the estimation of the time of death, or postmortem interval (PMI). Life cycle of forensic insect act as clocks which starts within few minutes or hours after death. Udaipur has a semi-arid and vegetative climate. Forensically important flies directly affected from particular environmental condition. The present results highlight the particularities of local insect fauna corpses from Southern Rajasthan and their possible role in forensic entomology. The main objective of this study was to collect necrophagous insects colonizing the corpses as well as to gather information about their potential role in crime investigation and know the succession and decomposition pattern of forensically important fauna of Calliphoridae on carcass. The different life stages of Calliphoridae were observed during experiment and also compare with another forensically important families of Diptera like Sarcophagidae, Mucidae etc. Calliphoridae is most abundant fly that visit the carrion.
An In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Newly Synthesized 1,3,4 Oxadiazole Derivatives
Authors: Santhanalakshmi K.  , Neelakandeswari N.  , Rosy P. Jacquline , Margandan K.
Published: January 2023

In the area of heterocyclic chemistry, oxadiazole has made major contributions. An enormous number of oxadiazoles have been synthesized and exposed to biological screening; the screening results improved their status due to its potential activities and their efficacy in diverse fields of daily life. Due to its wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects, the 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety is the most important oxadiazole. In this study, we discuss a new family of 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds' anti-inflammatory characteristics (4a-4h).The antiinflammatory efficacy of the oxadiazole derivative was studied by utilizing Human Red Blood Cell membrane stabilization (HRBCs) method. Many synthesized compounds displayed remarkable anti-inflammatory activity in HRBCs test. In the novel synthesized derivatives, compounds 2-(5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-5-p-tolyl1,3,4-oxadiazole (4h) and 2-(5-bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy) phenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (4a) exhibited the maximum activity of 90.76 % and 88.35 % protection, respectively at concentration 500 µg/ml, compared with DFS that showed 91.86 % inhibition of RBC haemolysis at the same concentration.
Effects of Paclitaxel Exposure on Food Intake and Body Weight Gain in Adult Rats
Authors: Deepika Pathak , K.P. Singh
Published: January 2023

For the therapeutic management of various types of cancer, paclitaxel (PTX) is commonly used for chemotherapy. Peripheral neuropathy, neuropathic pain, behavioral changes and emotional depression are all side effects of PTX therapy, but their effect on food consumption and body weight gain in adult patient have not been well reported so far. Therefore, present study aimed to evaluate the impact of PTX on food consumption and body weight gain in adult female Wistar rats. In this study, selected equivalent therapeutic doses of PTX (1.6 and 3.2 mg/kg bw) were administered intermittently for six weeks (once a week) intravenously in tail vein via catheter. During experiment, food consumption and body weight of PTX exposed and control rats were recorded. During six weeks of intermittent exposure, our results revealed dose-dependent substantial reduction in food consumption and body weight except first week of PTX exposure in adult Wistar female rats. The effect of equivalent therapeutic doses of PTX was found to be associated with feeding pattern (anorexia) and body weight loss (body mass index) involving multifactorial regulatory mechanisms for controlling the food consumption and body weight changes.
Toxicological Classification of Agricultural Pesticides - An Overview
Authors: Yojana S. Muniv
Published: January 2023

Chemical pesticides are considered as the most effective and reliable agents to control and to kill the pests from agriculture, residential as well as from the public places. Pests such as algae, bacteria in plants/soil, birds, fungi, insects, mammals (mice, rats and moles), mites and ticks, nematodes, slugs, snails and weeds are effectively controlled by the use of pesticides. Also, they are beneficial to decrease the burden of deadly diseases (malaria) spread or caused by the vectors. Though the pesticides are beneficial for enhance production and yield of agriculture sector, increased food productivity and public health, they have adversely impacted the environment and human health. This review focuses on pesticides with respect to definition and toxicological classification using various criteria. This study recommends practice of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), strict use of pesticides that are labelled for the intended crop and pest, consideration of application site characteristics and location of wells, ponds and other water bodies, measuring accurately the quantity and specified dilutions, maintaining application equipment and calibrating accurately, mixing and loading carefully, preventing back siphoning and spills, considering the impact of weather and irrigation, safe and secure storage and disposal, leaving buffer zones around sensitive areas and to reducing off-target drift.
FORTIFICATION OF PROTEIN HYDROLYZATE OF MUJAIR FISH (Tilapia mossambica) IN EYEK-ENYEK (Cassava crackers)
Authors: Herlina Eka , Nuraeni Farida , Alhadid Aldi
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the best-enriched formula for tilapia fish using an analysis of chemical and organoleptic characteristics. The research was carried out at the Chemical Laboratory of Pakuan University, Bogor from March to May 2021. The method used was an experimental method with six additional treatments of tilapia protein hydrolyzate, namely 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% with 20 semi-trained panelists as replicates. The observed variables consisted of the hydrolyzed protein yield of African catfish, the panelists' preference for color, texture, and taste of geeks, and a proximate test on water content, ash content and insoluble ash in acids, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The level of liking was calculated by Friedman Test, after which followed by Bayes Test to find out the best formula with the addition of tilapia fish protein hydrolyzate. The results showed that the addition of tilapia protein hydrolyzate in the research was still considered favorable, but the preferred treatment was the addition of 5% tilapia protein hydrolyzate, from some characteristics such as: better appearance, better texture, taste and aroma 7 (preferred), moisture 6.1% content, ash content 1.9%, acid insoluble ash content 0.17%, protein content 6.2%, and carbohydrates content 84.9%.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Masyarakat Desa Curug, Kecamatan Gunung Sindur, Bogor dalam Mewujudkan Desa Edutainment
Authors: Kusumajanti Kusumajanti , Kamaluddin Nashir Asep , Widiastuti Ni Putu Eka
Published: January 2023

Curug Village, Gunung Sindur District, Bogor is geographically in the middle of an industrial environment. The diverse profiles of the people in Curug Village have encouraged the Curug Village Head to optimize his environmental resources. The Curug Village Government wants to empower the environment and its people so that their Regional Original Income can increase. Departing from the aspirations of the people and government officials of Curug Village to have a tourist area that has an impact on increasing people's income and regional original income. PPDM in Curug Village as a form of implementation of research results related to. Optimization of groups in the community that are in accordance with the urgency of the needs of the Curug Village community. The PPDM team provides solutions to the problems of the Curug Village community who want to increase community income with a holistic approach based on research in the fields of Communication, Negotiation and Diplomacy, and Finance, as well as BUMDes. Thus it is hoped that by using the formation assistance approach, empowering groups based on the economy, tourism, by utilizing the resources of Curug Village in the form of land which is the location for Edutainment Tourism. Diverse human resources are an added value for providing assistance so that the community has independence and is able to accelerate village development in the areas of goat/sheep livestock, rabbit farming, fish farming, ornamental plant cultivation, processing of fish products, and self-employment. The final results in the first year are expected that Curug Village can have an agreement for an edutainment-based science-techno-park model.
Design and Build a System to Minimize the Impact of Toluene Exposure on IoT-Based Workshop Workers
Authors: Gastiadi Galang , Zakaria M. Nanak , Yulianto Ahmad Wilda
Published: January 2023

Toluene is one type of organic solvent that is widely used in industry. Organic solvents can have a negative impact on health when exposed to the human body through inhalation (breathing), digestion (swallowing) and adsorption (skin contact). This compound is widely used as a basic material for solvents, dyes, paints, resins, perfumes, nail polish, gasoline, glue, solvent thinner, immersion ink, and printing. The impact on each human will vary depending on the concentration, duration and toxicity of the solvent. The effects of exposure are generally long-term and short-term. Short-term effects include respiratory complaints and eye irritation in exposed humans. An ESP32 microcontroller, HCHO sensor, and DHT11 sensor were used in this study to construct a system to lessen the effects of toluene exposure on workshop personnel. Temperature and humidity sensors picked up by DHT11 have an average value for each node. Each node's average value for the temperature and humidity sensors detected by DHT11 is available. The average error value is categorized as accurate and good for nodes A and B, which are separated by 2 meters and 4 meters, respectively. Due to the DHT11's error rates, the temperature range is 20C and the humidity range is 5% RH.