bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relação entre burnout e obesidade: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Silva Douglas de Souza e , Merces Magno Conceição das , Coelho Julita Maria Freitas , Reis Dandara Almeida , D’Oliveira Júnior Argemiro
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas sobre a associação entre o burnout e a obesidade. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura. Utilizaram-se as orientações e recomendações do checklist do Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Studie e a estratégia PICO. Os artigos selecionados foram analisados de acordo com a Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. As bases de dados foram: PubMed; CINAHL; Web of Science; Scopus; SciElo; LILACS. Resultados: Foram encontrados cento e sete artigos. O escopo final foi composto por quatro estudos. Os periódicos foram da área de Saúde Pública, Saúde Ocupacional e Meio Ambiente e Nutrição Clínica. Houve três estudos de delineamento transversal e um estudo randomizado de intervenção controlada. Dos estudos elegíveis, 75% (n=3), foram classificados no nível VI de evidência científica. Todavia é indiscutível que há indícios de um efeito direto ou indireto do burnout e/ou suas dimensões no incremento de peso. Conclusão: A associação do burnout e a obesidade ainda são incipientes visto que os estudos elegíveis foram poucos. Os níveis de evidências dos estudos se devem predominantemente a estudos do tipo corte transversal. É válido se sugerir que estudos com metodologias mais robustas sejam realizados com a temática em questão para que o caminho da causalidade entre o burnout e a obesidade seja melhor elucidada.
Critérios clínicos para diagnóstico e tratamento adequado da anafilaxia perioperatória
Authors: Sousa Luiz Fellipe Teixeira de , Alves Eduardo Augusto Souza , Oliveira Victor Matheus Gomes de , Amaral Marcelo Henrique , Cavalcante Clarice Parrião Azevedo , Baldaçara Raquel Prudente de Carvalho
Published: October 2021

A anafilaxia perioperatória é uma reação de hipersensibilidade imprevisível, severa e sistêmica mediada por imunoglobulinas do tipo E (IgE) ou não mediadas, de difícil diagnóstico que iminentemente pode ser fatal.  Ainda, é importante citar que a anafilaxia mediada por IgE perioperatória tem relação direta com agentes administrados intravenosos, ocorrendo após anestesia, com agentes bloqueadores neuromusculares (BNMs) e antibióticos sendo os principais agentes causais. Após a administração do alérgeno, a evolução do paciente pode oscilar entre apenas efeitos colaterais, similares aos das medicações em uso, até evoluções graves como paradas cardiorrespiratórias, evidenciando uma necessidade de ser difundido o domínio teórico e técnico do manejo dessas situações para se obter melhores prognósticos. A base do tratamento da anafilaxia perioperatória inclui: manter a via aérea pérvia, fornecimento de oxigênio a 100%, administração de adrenalina intramuscular (IM) ou intravenosa (IV) e reposição de volume. Sendo assim, visto que o paciente pode vir a óbito em minutos, devido ao quadro agudo se intensificar de forma rápida, faz-se necessário a urgência no tratamento. E para isso, o presente trabalho traz a elucidação de critérios diagnósticos (quadro clínico, evolução e exames associados). Além disso, esclarece o manejo para tratamento de pacientes em quadros de anafilaxia perioperatória. Para essa pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizou-se como referência as bases de dados do PubMed, Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e MEDLINE.
O odontologista frente a prevenção da Pneumonia Associada a Ventilação Mecânica (PAVM) na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI)
Authors: Costa Bruna Elizabete Rocha Nery da , Silva Deille Lopes da , Varejão Livia Coutinho
Published: October 2021

Introdução: a PAVM é considerada uma das principais infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde com índices cada vez mais elevados em uma UTI, esses números podem variar de 9% a 67% de todos os pacientes em uso prolongado ou não, da ventilação mecânica. Objetivo Geral: conhecer os desafios enfrentados pelo odontologista na prevenção da PAVM em uma UTI. Metodologia: Para a realização desse estudo optou-se por uma pesquisa na modalidade de revisão integrativa de literatura. Resultados e Discussão: a integração do cirurgião-dentista na equipe multiprofissional atuante nas UTIs leva a ampliação do campo de ensino e atuação do profissional, possibilitando a formulação e adaptação de diretrizes e bundles, pois são os profissionais mais capacitados nessa área de conhecimento. Considerações Finais: Toda equipe multidisciplinar em saúde alocada nas UTIS’s, inclusive os odontologistas, devem agir em concordância, adotando medidas de prevenção da PAVM a fim de reduzir os riscos para a suas ocorrências, sempre seguindo uma linha de cuidado integrada, diminuindo assim, a taxa de mortalidade de seus pacientes.
Cuidados de enfermagem na prevenção da infecção puerperal em parto cesárea: Análise complementar
Authors: Andrade Ana Fátima Souza Melo de , Teles Weber de Santana , Silva Max Cruz da , Santos Fernanda dos , Gonzaga Gabriely Moura , Fonseca Rebeca Galvão , Torres Ruth Cristini , Debbo Alejandra , Azevedo Marcel Vinícius Cunha , Silva Maria Hozana Santos , Barros Ângela Maria Melo Sá , Santos Junior Paulo Celso Curvelo , Hora Aline Barreto , Calasans Taíssa Alice Soledade
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar o papel do Enfermeiro na prevenção da Infecção Puerperal associada à cirurgia Cesariana. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, de caráter analítico e retrospectivo, com abordagem qualitativa. A primeira etapa é composta pela delimitação do tema que foi definido como: Cuidados de Enfermagem na prevenção de Infecção Puerperal em Parto Cesariana, para responder a pergunta norteadora: Quais os Cuidados de Enfermagem no ambiente intra-hospitalar que podem prevenir a infecção puerperal no parto cesariana? Resultados: Mediante a análise dos textos completos foram avaliados na íntegra 07 artigos, estes atenderam aos critérios de inclusão expostos na metodologia desta pesquisa. Considerações Finais: Conclui-se que existem fatores de risco associados que são determinantes para a Infecção Puerperal no Parto Cesáreo e que o profissional de Enfermagem deve adotar cuidados embasados cientificamente para a aplicabilidade dos mesmos, pois, o enfermeiro é responsável por gerenciar os riscos, notificar os eventos adversos, e principalmente agir de modo a prevenir e reduzir as infecções no âmbito hospitalar.
Impact of bariatric surgery on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an integrative review
Authors: Alves Júnior Antônio , Nascimento Tereza Virgínia Silva Bezerra do , Quintiliano João Augusto Cegarra , Carvalho Julia Maria Salgado , Leal Roberta Kayane Silva , Alves Maria Rosa Melo , Santos Márcio Bezerra , Lima Carlos Anselmo , Prado Marcos Antônio Nunes
Published: October 2021

The present study aims to demonstrate the results of the impact of bariatric surgery on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through secondary sources available in the literature. A literature review was carried out with the descriptors "Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease" OR "NAFLD" AND "Bariatric Surgery"; “Doença Hepática Gordurosa não Alcoólica” OR “DHGNA” AND “Cirurgia Bariátrica” in the databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, through the Virtual Health Library, and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), through PubMed. Cohort-type studies addressing the effects of bariatric surgery on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease published in the last 5 years were included in the review. Thirty-one studies were identified, of which 10 were excluded for not performing postoperative evaluation and 8 were excluded for not containing the methodological criteria, totaling 13 studies. The current literature presents data suggestive of the association between bariatric surgery and the regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, however, the studies observed present wide variations in methodological applications and samples with heterogeneous profiles, which makes it difficult to generalize the results. More studies are needed so that it is possible to document with greater evidence and reproducibility the action of different types of bariatric surgery on the rate of this liver disease regression.
Tamanho é documento: narrativas de homens que sofreram amputação por câncer de pênis
Authors: Nogueira Leudivan Ribeiro , Nogueira Raquel Moraes da Rocha , Pacheco Marcos Antônio Barbosa , Monteiro Claudia Barbastefano , Loyola Cristina Maria Douat
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: A presente pesquisa objetivou discutir as razões da demora em procurar assistência em saúde para câncer de pênis. Estabeleceu-se como objetivos secundários listar fatores subjetivos e objetivos que influenciam na demora em acessar o SUS para o diagnóstico do câncer de pênis, analisar fatores culturais individuais e coletivos na construção da imagem do homem com câncer de pênis. Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória, de natureza analítica com quatorze entrevistados, utilizando-se da análise temática e apoiando-se na teoria das representações sociais. Resultados: O estudo foi composto por adultos jovens e sexagenários, idade variando entre 35 e 70 anos, com diagnóstico de câncer de pênis, a maior parte dos entrevistados cursou apenas ensino fundamental incompleto e são católicos, com rendimentos entre um ou dois salários-mínimos.  Elaboramos duas categorias de análise que abrangem diferentes temporalidades da doença. A primeira referente ao momento anterior ao diagnóstico de câncer de pênis que nomeamos de “borbulha da natureza”, “tamanho é documento”? referente ao período posterior ao diagnóstico de câncer. Considerações finais: Podemos afirmar a partir da narrativa dos entrevistados que a ideia fundamental, sobre o câncer de pênis e a cirurgia de amputação, é o medo de perder tamanho no pênis.
Avaliação epidemiológica do mormo no Brasil
Authors: Ramos Lorrany  Maria Mota , Garcia Murilo da Silva , Melo Amanda Freitas , Carvalho Gabriel Faria , Pomim Gabriel Pinheiro , Neves Pedro Manoel de Souza , Silva Richarlla Aparecida Buscariol , Oliveira Rafael Ovídio de , Rodrigues Frias Danila Fernanda
Published: October 2021

Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico do mormo no Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2019. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo e qualiquantitativo que utilizou como unidades de análise todos os estados brasileiros. A amostra foi delimitada ao período de 2010 a 2019, e os dados referentes aos casos notificados de Mormo foram coletados a partir das informações disponíveis em banco de dados oficiais, sendo elas, ano, semestre, unidade da federação, número total de casos e número total de focos. No período foram notificados 1398 casos de Mormo no Brasil. Acre e Amapá não relataram ocorrência da doença, enquanto Pernambuco, seguido por Mato Grosso e São Paulo lideraram em número absoluto de casos. Os estados que apresentaram maior prevalência foram Amazonas (2,59/1000 cab.), Rio Grande do Norte (2,10/1000 cab.) e Distrito Federal (1,94/1000 cab.). A região Norte apresentou menor concentração de casos por foco (1,45), enquanto a região sudeste demonstrou maior concentração dos casos (2,73) por foco. Conclui-se que o Brasil possui baixa prevalência de mormo, com concentração maior de casos e focos na região Nordeste, e maior prevalência no estado do Amazonas. Devido a importância do mormo para a saúde pública, medidas de vigilância ativa da doença nos animais e ações de prevenção, no âmbito de Saúde Única, devem ser executadas.
A perspective on the use of polyphenols nano-formulation as a nutritional strategy to manage the symptoms of the infected patient with COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Vieira de , Volino-Souza Mônica , Santos Karen Souza dos , Malheiros Yunes  Scarpine , Conte-Júnior Carlos Adam , Alvares Thiago Silveira
Published: October 2021

Coronaviruses disease (COVID-19) vaccines have emerged worldwide to control this illness, albeit they cannot guarantee full effectiveness. Polyphenols possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, all of which may be effective against COVID-19 symptoms. Since polyphenols exhibit low bioavailability, polyphenols nano-formulation (a food technology) have been utilized in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the current evidence showing the effects of polyphenols nano-formulation in COVID-19 patients. Two previous studies have demonstrated that polyphenols nano-formulation (particularly curcumin) can alleviate clinical manifestation (fever, tachypnea, myalgia, cough) and improve overall recovery since polyphenols can modulate the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and upregulate certain proteins involved in the renin-angiotensin system, all which play a crucial role on the symptoms caused by COVID-19.
Endocannabinoid System: behavioral modulation in murine models by Cannabinoids type 2 receptors
Authors: Monteiro Rayan Fidel Martins , Nascimento Marcos Vinícius Lebrego , Lima Klinsmann Thiago , Almeida José Ramon Gama , Ávila Paulo Eduardo Santos , Bastos Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares
Published: October 2021

In the last decades, the eCB system has been highlighted by its neuro and immunomodulatory effects. Beyond CB1R effects in Central Nervous System (CNS), CB2R target drugs has been showed to be promising to mitigation of neuroinflammatory diseases in mouse models. However, it remains unknow the effects of CB2R target drugs on behavior. Therefore, we review the effects of CB2R on behavior in murine models by Pubmed website, selecting studies between 2001 to 2021. In this sense, many studies has demonstrated the effects of overexpression, lack, activation or antagonization of CB2R on Aggressive behavior, Memory-associated behaviors, Mood disorders and Reward behavior. Similarly, it is not clear yet how the eCB system modulates the behavior through CB2Rs present in neurons. Thus, in mouse models, although the pharmacological treatment with CB2R target drugs seems to be promising for neuroinflammatory diseases, on behavior there are few answers about the pathways of this modulation, as well as, it is fundamental the development and/or the update of behavioral tests that evaluate many parameters, then expose better interpretations in these tests.
Percepção e ação acerca da segurança alimentar: um estudo de caso com agricultores familiares em Vitorino/PR
Authors: Viganó Caroline , Gonçalves Larisse Medeiros , Godoy Cristiane Maria Tonetto , Campos José Ricardo da Rocha , Godoy Wilson Itamar , Oliveira Paulo Henrique de
Published: October 2021

A predominância das terras brasileiras ocupadas pelo plantio de commodities apresenta um modelo de produção ameaçador a segurança e a soberania alimentar do país. Desse modo, a prática de produção para autoconsumo surge como uma estratégia na garantia alimentar de famílias rurais. Trata-se de todo tipo de produção realizada dentro da unidade familiar, na qual é utilizada pelos membros da família a fim de atender suas necessidades.  Sob esse contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender sobre a produção para autoconsumo, bem como a percepção dos agricultores familiares sobre a temática da segurança alimentar no munícipio de Vitorino/PR. Realizou-se pesquisa qualitativa  com aporte de reunião de formação participativa e uso do método de observação participante, ainda, aplicou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com vinte e dois agricultores familiares do município Os dados apresentados evidenciam a importância da produção para autoconsumo diante da necessidade ao combate da insegurança alimentar e nutricional do país, sobretudo, no âmbito rural o qual tem passado por muitas transformações. A preocupação com o veneno nos alimentos foi muito presente nas narrativas, de modo que o alimento produzido com agrotóxicos ou industrializado é percebido como sinônimo de alimento que produz insegurança de consumo, além de risco para a saúde.
Potencialidades e fragilidades da política nacional de humanização nos serviços de urgência e emergência sob a perspectiva da enfermagem
Authors: Andrade Ana Fátima Souza Melo de , Teles Weber de Santana , Silva Max Cruz da , Torres Ruth Cristini , Barros Ângela Maria Melo Sá , Hora Aline Barreto , Azevedo Marcel Vinícius Cunha , Silva Maria Hozana Santos , Debbo Alejandra , Calasans Taíssa Alice Soledade , Santos Junior PauloPaulo Celso Curvelo
Published: October 2021

e emergência que interferem diretamente na humanização da assistência de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, cujo recorte temporal foi de 2015 a 2020, sendo utilizadas as bases de dados PubMed, BVS, LILACS, BDENF, CINAHL e SciELO. As principais fragilidades foram: falta de capacitação profissional, sobrecarga de trabalho, superlotação do serviço e déficit de recursos humanos, falta de equipamentos, má gestão dos leitos credenciados e conflitos interprofissionais. Em relação às potencialidades, observou-se que a escuta ativa e o acolhimento com classificação de risco realizado pelo enfermeiro são fatores que contribuem, de forma positiva, para implementação da PNH. Portanto, conclui-se que o enfermeiro juntamente com sua equipe busca constantemente superar novos desafios, sua autonomia está estreitamente relacionada aos saberes próprios da profissão, com a finalidade de executar funções com poder e qualidade, fundamentados no saber científico, reconhecido como o principal instrumento de trabalho do enfermeiro. Neste sentido, a classificação de risco emerge como uma importante ferramenta do cuidado em enfermagem, posto que o enfermeiro gerencia a superlotação, pois, é notório que muitos usuários, em função de não receberem um atendimento satisfatório em unidades básicas de saúde ou na Atenção Especializada, acabam superlotando os serviços de urgência e emergência.
Aplicabilidade do PRF- fibrina rica em plaquetas na Odontologia e seus benefícios
Authors: Carvalho Nathane Araujo de , Morais Carlos Eduardo Côrtes , Nascimento Fernando , Dietrich Lia , Costa Marcelo Dias Moreira de Assis
Published: October 2021

Proporcionar uma cicatrização rápida de tecidos moles e tecidos duros tornou o maior objetivo dos cirurgiões em geral, essa busca deu início aos estudos de aditivos cirúrgicos bioativos autólogos como: fibrina adesiva, concentrado plaquetário rico em plasma e em fibrina. A fibrina rica em plaquetas-PRF foi produzida na França sendo um concentrado plaquetário de segunda geração que devido as suas propriedades proporcionou resultados satisfatórios aplicados a odontologia permitindo uma excelente cicatrização e reparo de lesões cirúrgicas, auxiliando na regeneração de tecidos. É um biomaterial seguro 100% autólogo, de rápida aquisição, mais econômico, sem contraindicação, produto da centrifugação do sangue venoso natural do paciente. Hoje muitas pesquisas foram feitas relatando o uso do PRF como coagulo e membranas de PRF. No geral é aplicado em cirurgias orais para aumento ósseo, elevação do seio maxilar, em periodontia atuando na correção de defeitos intraósseos e recessão gengival, também pode ser usado para regeneração em ápice aberto, pulpotomias regenerativas e cirurgias periapicais. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão de literatura qualitativa que tem como finalidade realizar um estudo planejando aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a aplicação do PRF- Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas. As buscas ocorreram por meio de realização de pesquisas seletivas de artigos, monografias e teses achados em bases de dados eletrônicas como: Pubmed, Scielo e Google Acadêmico com o objetivo descrever sobre os fatores de crescimento presentes no PRF, detalhar a aplicabilidade do PRF em procedimentos clínicos odontológicos e relatar os benefícios e vantagens do PRF sobre o PRP.
Alterações metabólicas decorrentes do uso de contraceptivos hormonais: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Figueiredo Bárbara Queiroz de , Gomes Ana Carolina Barbosa de Souza , Silva Isabella Messias da , Lima Isabelle Carvalho de Melo , Sousa Lunalva Gabrielli Veras , Oliveira Matheus Rodrigues , Gomes Mileny Dyulia Dias , Carneiro Paulo Victor Martins , Segundo Raylton Jansen e Silva
Published: October 2021

Introdução: o efeito adverso mais comum das pílulas anticoncepcionais orais combinadas é o sangramento. As mulheres também se queixam de náuseas, dores de cabeça, cólicas abdominais, sensibilidade mamária e aumento do corrimento vaginal ou diminuição da libido. No entanto, diferentes combinações de pílulas mostram diferentes tendências de obstrução da coagulação dos vasos (risco de trombose venosa), alterações nas vias metabólicas de lipídeos, na cascata de coagulação, na sensibilidade à insulina e nas propriedades vasoativas. Objetivo: explanar acerca das possíveis alterações metabólicas decorrentes do uso de contraceptivos hormonais. Metodologia: trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura, através do acesso online nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo, CDSR, Google Scholar, BVS e EBSCO, no mês de outubro de 2021. Resultados e discussão: as usuárias de contraceptivos hormonais que contêm estrogênio estão sob maior risco de trombose venosa e tromboembolismo, haja vista que, em condições normais, o sistema da coagulação mantém em equilíbrio dinâmico os sistemas pró-coagulante e anticoagulante, e os estrogênios, principalmente o componente etinilestradiol, afetam esses dois sistemas de acordo com a dose. Além disso, as alterações na composição dos lipídeos plasmáticos produzidas pelos estrogênios caracterizam-se por um aumento das lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL), ligeira redução das lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (LDL) e diminuição dos níveis plasmáticos totais de colesterol. Ademais, os estrogênios aumentam a coagulabilidade do sangue. Conclusão: a maioria dos anticoncepcionais orais combinados apresentam um risco aumentado de trombose venosa e outras alterações metabólicas, sendo que o tamanho do efeito depende do progestágeno usado e da dose de etinilestradiol.
To whom and why F. M. Dostoevsky is precious?
Authors: Charota Ivan A.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of F. M. Dostoevsky’s work regarding his 200th anniversary. The author aims to reveal to whom and why the great writer and thinker is precious, and how his work is perceived in Serbia. He tries to evaluate what contributes to and what hinders the comprehension of the F. M. Dostoevsky phenomenon. The author notes that veneration for such a writer can be fully expressed when everyone who has mastered literacy starts reading at least one of his works and feels the field of attraction and repulsion, which does not always correlate with the problem field of scientific F. M. Dostoevsky studies. Unfortunately, the author states that the youth do not initially develop an elementary desire to necessarily be included in the literary classics in such conditions when the entire system of basic education seems to be subordinated to the task of discouraging any desire to read on their own, and even more so to feel and reflect. Interest in «Crime and punishment» is almost impossible to arouse basing on stereotypical comments with a retelling of the plot, some elements of which are included in the tests for the subject devoid of attractiveness. And the plot, moreover, is fully conveyed by the half-page versions of the novel, which are prepared by enterprising interpreters precisely for passing the test as the optimal form of attestation. At the same time, the judgments of foreign writers are used surprisingly widely, and at the same time thoughtlessly – the main thing is that they have an appropriate image. Over time, it becomes more and more obvious that few contemporary writers can compare to F. M. Dostoevsky both in the depth and completeness of ideas about the real life of a Russian person, especially in the scope of its spheres, and in the insight of the analysis of everything that happened and which inevitably followed from what was happening. For a century and a half, F. M. Dostoevsky has remained an unparalleled bearer of the conscience of mankind, a kind of seismograph of the coming upheavals. The author states that in Serbia, the reverent perception of F. M. Dostoevsky, which was formed under the influence of the Russian religious emigration, dominates. A separate topic is also the impressive activity and productivity of the Serbian scientific F. M. Dostoevsky studies. Finally, if all this we project onto the Belarusians, then it would be appropriate to say that F. M. Dostoevsky is the bearer of special patriotism manifested not in superficial pathos, which usually serves either self-praise or complacency, but in soberly analytical and constructive criticism, which presupposes, first of all, self-criticism, as an indispensable component of sound national self-awareness.
Nomenclature as a social institution of Soviet society (to the discussion in the journal «Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya»)
Authors: Smirnov Victor E.
Published: October 2021

The polemical style of the article is due to the appearance in the sociological literature of ideas that emphasise the enduring nature of the existence of the nomenclature as a class, inherent in both the Soviet and modern Russian state. Also, no less controversial are the ideas that reduce the function of the nomenclature exclusively to a certain mechanism for the nomination of cadres, based on the increased responsibility of party organisations for the ideological and economic policies carried out by economic bodies. The article offers a sociological and cultural-historical explanation of the nature and essence of the nomenclature as a social institution and social group inherent exclusively in the Soviet statе. The author emphasises the concrete-historical nature of this phenomenon, conditioned by the specific ideological, economic, political and social conditions of the Soviet state at the dawn of its formation and formation. The article reveals the main function of the nomenclature as a social institution, the main purpose of which was to implement and develop a new system of relations, principles and ideals of Marxism, embodied in the Soviet project. It is argued that the implementation of this goal was carried out by solving two main tasks: first, the comprehensive development of the productive forces, which was realised through the organisation of a planned economic system and the mobilisation principle of economic construction. Secondly, the preservation of the principles of interaction, the ideals and values of communist ideas, not only as a matter of course, but also, if possible, as a matter of fact. This was carried out through an ideological monopoly, which was based on a certain interpretation of Marxism and a system of agitation and propaganda built on it. The success of the nomenclature in solving these problems is emphasised. However, the article is not an apologetics of the Soviet nomenclature, since it shows the reasons for not only the «rise», but also the «fall» of the nomenclature as a power-management structure of the Soviet society. The main conclusion of the idea presented in the article is to prove the transitory nature of the existence of the nomenclature as a social institution, due to the specific economic, ideological, political and social conditions of the Soviet state, with the fall of which such a social group as nomenclature also went into oblivion. It is argued that in the new Russian state, built on completely different economic and ideological principles, the need for such a social institution has disappeared.
Plant diversity with species drilled in the same or alternate rows enhanced pasture yield and quality over 4 years
Authors: Black Alistair , Myint Thinzar , Shampasivam Arulmageswaran , Yang Shuo
Published: October 2021

This paper reports on the effects of plant species diversity and sowing method on pasture yield and quality. Nineteen seed mixtures of perennial ryegrass (PR), plantain (Pl), white clover (WC) and red clover (RC) were sown on 26 March 2015 at Lincoln University. Four mixtures of PR, Pl and WC were repeated with species separated in alternate drill rows. Plots were grazed by sheep and irrigated. After 4 years, a mixture with 25% of each species based on seed count – equivalent to 7.5 kg PR, 5.6 kg Pl, 1.9 kg WC and 4.4 kg RC (19.4 kg total seed)/ha – produced an optimal balance of increased total yield (17.44 t DM/ha/yr), weed suppression (0% of total yield), metabolisable energy (11.4 MJ/kg DM) and crude protein (19% of DM). Sowing method had no effect. Plant diversity enhanced pasture production through positive interactions and identity effects among the legumes (WC and RC) and non-legumes (PR and Pl). The strength of interactions between species depended on the identity and relative abundances of the species involved. The diversity effects occurred alongside shifts in species relative abundances over time. This study demonstrated an experimental basis for the evaluation of multi-species pasture mixtures.
Evidence of Coordinated and Adjustable Osmolytes Movements Following Hyposmotic Swelling in Rainbow Trout Red Blood Cells
Authors:   Institut de Recherche Dupuy De Lôme, UMR CNRS 6027, Université Bretagne Sud, C.E.R. Yves Coppens, Campus de Tohannic, 56017 Vannes Cedex (France), Maxime Valérie
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The osmolytes involved in the volume regulation of hyposmotically-swollen fish cells are well identified. However, if a coordination and adjustments of their fluxes are obvious, few studies have clearly illustrated these aspects. METHODS: Trout red blood cells volume variations were estimated from water contents obtained by a gravimetric method. Intracellular K+ and Na+ contents, and Cl- content of haemolysed cells were determined by photometry and colorimetry, respectively. The taurine contribution to cell volume regulation was calculated from the net changes of water, K+, Cl- and Na+ contents. The intracellular pH was calculated from the chloride distribution across the cells membranes according to the Donnan equilibrium. RESULTS: Cells responses to a rapid change (from 296 to 176 mOsm.kg-1) of the saline osmolality were examined in three conditions designed to not impact (Hypo. I) or to reduce the K+ (Hypo. II) and Cl- (Hypo. III) contributions to the volume regulation. Hypo. I condition caused an immediate increase in water content, followed by a 90 min. full regulation, concomitant with gradual lowering of K+ and Cl- contents and a surprising increase in Na+ content. Hypo. II and III conditions showed a partial and complete volume regulation, respectively. This was made possible by an increase in the taurine involvement. These experiments allowed to confirm that K+ and Cl- were released via KCl cotransport and by separate channels. The comparison of Hypo. I and III conditions led to the observation that the partially amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx is proportional to the taurine efflux; the latter being sustained mainly by a Na+/taurine cotransport. The Hypo. II condition was suitable for the (Na+/K+)ATPase activity inhibition. This effect could explain the observed lack of Na+ uptake, the consecutive depletion of intracellular taurine stock and the incomplete volume regulation. Finally, the results support the importance of taurine in pH control under Hypo. I (physiologic) condition. The alkalosis observed in Hypo. II and III conditions were the consequences of changes in the salines compositions, not of physiologic adjustments. CONCLUSION: The regulatory volume decrease process of trout RBCs is complex and adjustable through coordinated osmolytes movements. The obliged decrease in K+ and/or Cl- contributions stimulates taurine and Na+ pathways. This study highlights the importance of taurine as a compensatory variable in cell volume regulation and explains for the first time the significance of the Na+ uptake during this process
The influence of the stress state of rocks on the matrix and fracturing Permeability in the conditions of various lithologic-facial zones of the Turn-Famen oil deposits of the Upper Kama region
Authors: Martyushev D. A. , Galkin S. V. , Shelepov V. V.
Published: October 2021

A series of core experiments made it possible to establish that for fractured samples with an increase in there stressed state (increase in effective pressure), there is a sharp decrease in reservoir properties. In the future, with a decrease (or complete removal) of the stress state, the filtration-capacitive properties of fractured reservoirs are not restored. The experiments have scientific and practical importance in terms of optimizing the technological mode of operation of producing wells in fractured turn-Famennian reservoirs.
Experience of using three-dimensional inversion for the large volume of magnetotelluric data
Authors: Zaytsev S. V.
Published: October 2021

When switching to 3D inversion of MT data, the requirement for computer technology is significantly increased. In this paper we will discuss a few examples of 3D inversion of electromagnetic geophysical field data with the usage of “Lomonosov” supercomputer and show its effectiveness on several geological objects. Each object is associated with a variety of problems: from search for shallow ore to regional hydrocarbon exploration. But all these objects contain a large volume of measurements obtaining qualitative results for which requires a huge amount of time. So that the use of 3D inversion with a high-performance computational complex makes it possible to obtain a qualitative result of solving a wide range of problems.
Astronomical tuning of the Eastern Georgia Konkian (Kura basin)
Authors: Rostovtseva Yu. V. , Koiava K. P. , Rybkina A. I.
Published: October 2021

The shallow-marine sediments of the Middle Miocene (mainly the Konkian) of the Eastern Georgia (Eastern Paratethys, Kura basin) were investigated by cyclostratigraphy methods. Time series analysis (Lomb-Scargle and REDFIT periodograms, Gaussian filters) revealed statistically significant signal with 2,4–2,7 m wavelength corresponding most likely to the precession cycle. Based on statistical processes, a sedimentation rate of the studied sediments from 8,75 to 13,75 cm/kyr for different depositional setting was detected. We suggest that the studied Eastern Georgia Konkian sediments (Sartaganian and Veselyankian beds) accumulated during of at least 475–600 kyr. The Sartaganian (beds with most diverse marine fauna of the Konkian) can be correlated with interval of highest sea-level rise of TB 2,5 cycle.
Features of modeling of mineralization zones based on geological exploration data
Authors: Malyutin Y. A.
Published: October 2021

An analysis of modeling the mineralization zones of ore deposits indicates that the inclusion of waste rocks in a zone of mineralization has little effect on the drift of the estimates towards a lower content. On the contrary, the extreme contents of a component often containing among exploration data influence towards an overestimating component.
Jurassic source rocks of hydrocarbon fluids in the Eastern part of the Fukan depression (Junggar oil and gas basin)
Authors: Houqiang Yang , Soboleva E. V.
Published: October 2021

In recent years, significant successes have been achieved in the search and exploration of oil and gas reservoirs in the Jurassic deposits on the eastern side of the Fukang depression, which is the least studied part of the Junggar oil and gas Basin. In order to find out the source of hydrocarbon generation, we studied source rocks, oil and oil-bearing sandstones (24 samples from 13 wells) from the Badaowan, Sangonghe, Xishanyao, Toutunhe and Qigu production beds of the Fukang depression research area. Based on these studies, the composition of the organic matter of the Jurassic source rocks, the properties and molecular composition of oils, as well as the characteristics of the composition of biomarkers in them are examined in detail. The results of research and interpretation of the data showed that the mudstones of the Badaowan formation were source rocks of oil from the Gumudi zone, the Fukan depression, the Bajiahai ledge and the Shaqi ledge.
Siratur gold deposit in the black shales of the ophiolite association (the Southern Urals)
Authors: Snachev A. V. , Latypov F. F. , Snachev V. I. , Rassomakhin M. A. , Koshchug D. G. , Vyatkin S. V.
Published: October 2021

The Siratur gold deposit is located in the northern part of the South Ural segment of the Main Ural Fault. Its ore zone is confined to the area of the tectonic junction of the serpentinite of the Nurali massif and the submeridional strip of carbonaceous schists of the Ordovician Polyakovka Formation. Its composition is widely represented basalts with chemical characteristics of the main effusive rocks of the mid-ocean ridges. In the black shale deposits of the Siratur deposit, gold ore mineralization is mainly represented by the gold-sulfide vein-disseminated type, and in the listwanite-beresite complex, gold-quartz-low-sulfide vein-streaked type. Microprobe studies of zolotins showed that gold in ores of the first type has a low-qality of 670–820, and in the second — 940–970. The deposit can be attributed to the polygenic and polychronous type.
Area of distribution and conditions of loess forming in the South Urals
Authors: Popov S. S. , Shilova G. N. , Khotylev A. O.
Published: October 2021

The report presents the results of comprehensive studies of loess-like formations that are common within drainage basins of Ay and Yuruzan rivers (South Urals). Loess complexes associated with the third fluvial terrace. The lithological composition, structural and textural features indicate that the loess were formed like the part of alluvial fans, planned under the third fluvial terrace. The obtained palynological data indicate the formation of deposits in the Middle Pleistocene during the Odintsovo interglacial and Moscow glaciation.
Reconstruction of conditions for the formation of pyroclastic formations on the Eastern edge of the Tunguska syneclise prospecting
Authors: Nikulin I. I. , Korobkov I. G. , Samsonov A. A.
Published: October 2021

Studies on the study of the rocks of the trap formation on the territories of diamondiferous regions within the eastern side of the Tunguska syneclise have been carried out. The zoning of pyroclastic formations of the mafic complex is performed on the basis of the structural-formational analysis in. Volcanogenic rocks formed as a result of explosive processes in the main volume are composed of different-fragmented tuffs. Areal development of pyroclastic formations associated with epicenters of volcanic structures, we reconstructed. This is a negative prognostic factor in the exploration for kimberlites. The regularity of implementation shafts intrusive bodies within the paleo valleys and grabens controlling kimberlites. This is recommended for prediction of new diamond deposits.
Program Pembangunan Desa di Provinsi Jambi, Sebelum dan Sesudah Menerima Bantuan Keuangan
Authors: Mardianis Mardianis , Desmaryani Susi
Published: October 2021

Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam meningkatkan perekonomian rakyat masih sangat penting dan merupakan tanggung jawab pemerintah dalam mensejahterakan masyarakat. Bantuan Keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi kepada Desa/Kelurahan (BKP2DK) di Provinsi Jambi, merupakan salah satu sumber dana yang memberi kontribusi bagi pelaksanaan pembangunan di desa dengan tujuan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan mengurangi jumlah pendunduk miskin di Desa/Kelurahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana implementasi Bantuan Keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jambi kepada Desa/Kelurahaan di Provinsi Jambi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposife sampling terhadap perangkat desa dan masyarakat didesa se Provinsi Jambi. Sedangkan metode analisis digunakan analisis deskriptif dengan menggambarkan kondisi variable yang diteliti, serta analisis statistik menggunakan uji beda. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi bantuan keuangan provinsi bidang infrastruktur lebih banyak digunakan untuk pembangunan BUMDES, sementara bidang penguatan kelembagaan lebih banyak dialokasikan untuk petugas syara/guru ngaji. Dalam penelitian ini juga ditemukan bahwa masih kurangnya peran pembinaan dan pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Tim Evaluasi Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota sehingga terdapat beberapa penggunaan bantuan keuangan yang belum sesuai dengan petunjuk yang sudah ditetapkan. Namun Bantuan Keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Jambi kepada Desa/Kelurahan mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa dilihat dari berkurangnya jumlah penduduk miskin dan jumlah keluarga miskin, serta bertambahnya jumlah Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDES) dan Usaha Menengah, Kecil dan Mikro (UMKM) di desa yang menjadi sampel penelitian.
Ijen Tourism Cluster (ITC): Analisis Klaster Pengembangan Ekowisata Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen
Authors: Wibowo Joshi Maharani
Published: October 2021

Ijen Tourism Cluster (ITC) merupakan konsep pengembangan aktivitas ekonomi dan pariwisata melalui pemekaran dan penciptaan destinasi pariwisata baru di kawasan sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen. ITC memanfaatkan modal alam dan modal sosial yang terdapat pada kawasan destinasi pariwisata untuk menciptakan aktivitas pariwisata yang berkelanjutan di kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan strategi pariwsata berkelanjutan berbasis klaster pariwisata yang memanfaatkan intergrasi antara daya tarik alam dan potensi kelembagaan yang dimiliki oleh masyarkaat lokal dalam aplikasinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 3 kendala utama dalam aplikasi ITC untuk mengembangkan aktivitas pariwisata di kawasan sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen. Ketiga kendala tersebut terjadi karena belum optimalnya kapasitas kelembagaan pengelolaan BUDes dan BUMDesa Bersama; rendahnya lama tinggal wisatawan di area sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen; dan rendahnya integrasi klaster antar kawasan destinasi pariwisata disekitar Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen. Untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut penelitian ini memberikan solusi berupa penciptaan dan pengembangan creative hub yang berfungsi sebagai wadah inovasi dan kreativitas masyarakat lokal, serta sebagai pusat sarana edukasi dan penguatan potensi pariwisata Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen. Kedepannya area creative hub pada kawasan sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Kawah Ijen akan menjadi pusat aktivitas ekonomi, edukasi, dan pelestarian lingkungan bagi masyarakat lokal dan wisatawan.
Determination of factors affecting cognitive function in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5
Authors: Smakotina S. A. , Bokhanov Yu. A.
Published: October 2021

Objective. Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease.

Study objective. Determination of factors affecting cognitive function in patients with CKD-5.

Design and methods. The study included young and middle-aged patients (18 to 60 years old) (n = 40), there is a terminal stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Exclusion criteria: history of diseases of the central nervous system, brain injury, episodes of cerebrovascular accident with severity, coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, pregnancy, abuse of alcohol, refusal to participate in the study. In a previous work, patient examination data were obtained on the Status PF hardware complex. Neurodynamic indicators were estimated, including the determination of the time of a simple visual-motor reaction (MTCM) and a complex visual-motor reaction (MPSM), reaction to a moving object (RDO), memory and attention. Using Spearman’s correlation analysis, we evaluated the impact on cognitive functions of a number of factors, presumably related to neurodynamics. The following factors were selected: age, creatinine level, NSE and S100 proteins, hemoglobin level, Beck’s depression points, indicators of personal and situational anxiety.

Results. All patients examined on the Status PF software package had mild cognitive impairment in terms of neurodynamics, attention, and memory. The average positive relationship between the level of depression and various indicators of RDO was established: with RDO_average (ρ = 0.405; p = 0.018), with RDO_total delay (ρ = 0.540; p < 0.001), with RDO_average delay (ρ = 0.421; p = 0.007), as well as weak positive – with CEMR average exposure (ρ = 0.358; p = 0.023). An average positive relationship of creatinine level with RDO_O (ρ = 0.438; p = 0.005) is noted. A weak positive relationship between the level of personal anxiety and RDO_total delay (ρ = 0.334; p = 0.035) was revealed. The average negative relationship between hemoglobin level and RDO_total delay (ρ = –0.535; p < 0.001) was revealed. A weak positive relationship between situational anxiety and SEMR is determined by the number of errors (ρ = 0.364; p = 0.021), as well as a weak negative one with the attention volume (ρ = –0.357; p = 0.024). A weak negative relationship of age with visual memory per word was revealed (ρ = –0.362; p = 0.022).

Domain of usage. Outpatient and hospital treatment stages of patients with chronic kidney disease case management
Examining the Effects of Electoral Systems on Minority Representation in U.S. City Councils Using a Large Sample
Authors: Baldwin E. Grant
Published: October 2021

In recent decades, reform movements have lobbied to remove at-large elections from local governing bodies and replace them with elections by district—in which a city’s electorate is divided into geographic regions that each elect their own council member. Prior social science research has somewhat concluded that in most cases, district elections more reliably elect non- white city councilors than at-large elections. However, these studies are limited by their use of small samples of municipalities, usually only the largest ones (pop. > 25,000) or those from a single state. I hope to overcome this limitation by employing a massive sample of more than 15,000 municipal governments across 49 states. My findings are consistent with and build upon previous research in that I conclude that as the proportion of non-white residents within a city’s population increases, district elections are predicted to elect higher proportions of non-white council members than wholly at-large elections.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) Policy in Encouraging Economic Growth and Social Welfare in Central Java Province
Authors: Candratrilaksita Werdha , Purnaweni Hartuti , Kismartini Kismartini
Published: October 2021

In 2018, Central Java could only absorb 26.22% of KUR distribution in the production sector. The Non-Performing Loan (NPL), released by the Financial Services Authority, presented a lower production sector NPL than the trade sector. The agricultural sector was 1.85%, the manufacturing sector was 3.19%, and the trade sector was 4.45%. In 2017, NPL of KUR Micro and Retail KUR of the agricultural sector amounted to 0.76%, while the trade sector amounted to 1.44%. The problem raised research questions: 1) Did the banks which distributed KUR and the Guarantor Institution experience a conflict of interest - between the public interest (the duty of the state to extend credit to MSMEs) and the interests of corporate entities (the task of seeking profits and avoiding risk), 2) Why was the lending of KUR in the production sector lower than the lending of KUR in the trade sector, and 3) How effective was KUR on economic growth and social welfare. To answer the research questions, researchers used a descriptive qualitative approach. Purposive sampling technique was used in this study. The finding showed dumping pricing policy tended to be misused by the banks which distributed KUR, and there was a conflict of interest and risk transfer in giving KUR. However, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (UMKM) entrepreneurs who received KUR admitted that their profit was increased which also meant the improvement of social welfare.