bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan stres&kelelahan pada penyakit akibat kerja pada perawat
Authors: Sitompul Samuel Pangihutan
Published: November 2020

Kelelahan kerja adalah aneka keadaan yang disertai penurunan efisiensi dan ketahanan dalam bekerja. Kelelahan kerja akan menurunkan kinerja dan menambah tingkat kesalahan kerja, Dalam menjalankan tugasnya seorang perawat tidak dapat terlepas dari stres, karena masalah stres tidak dapat dilepaskan dari dunia kerja. Dengan semakin bertambahnya tuntutan dalam pekerjaan maka semakin besar kemungkinan seorang perawat mengalami stres kerja, setiap jenis pekerjaan tidak terlepas dari tekanan-tekanan baik dari dalam maupun dari luar yang dapat menimbulkan stres bagi para pekerjanya. Dalam proses bekerja hasil atau akibatnya perawat dapat mengalami stres, yang dapat berkembang menjadikan perawat sakit fisik dan mental, sehingga tidak dapat bekerja secara optimal.
Gambaran Terhadap Proses Perencanaan Keperawatan Dalam Mengimplementasikan Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Panggabean Selly Febi Margaretha
Published: November 2020

Perencanaan keperawatan adalah bagian dari fase pengorganisasian dalam proses keperawatan sebagai pedoman untuk mengarahkan tindakan keperawatan dalam usaha membantu, meringankan, memecahkan masalah atau untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasien (Setiadi, 2012). Tahap perencanaan keperawatan merupakan tindakan menetapkan apa yang harus dilakukan untuk membantu sasaran dalam upaya promotif, preventif, kuratif, dan rehabilitatif. Langkah pertama dalam tahap perencanaan adalah menetapkan tujuan dan sasaran kegiatan untuk mengatasi masalah yang telah ditetapkan sesuai dengan diagnosis keperawatan. Diagnosis keperawatan merupakan penilaian perawat berdasarkan respon pasien secara holistik (bio-psiko-sosio-spiritual) terhadap penyakit atau gangguan kesehatan yang dialaminya. Maka, diagnosis keperawatan merupakan kunci perawat dalam membuat rencana asuhan kesehatan yang diberikan pada pasien yang akan dikelola. Selanjutnya, dalam menentukan tahap berikutnya, yaitu rencana pelaksanaan kegiatan maka ada dua faktor yang mempengaruhi dan dipertimbangkan dalam menyusun rencana tersebut yaitu sifat masalah dan sumber atau potensi masyarakat seperti dana, sarana, dan tenaga yang tersedia.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN PENGENDALIAN UPAYA MEMUTUS RANTAI INFEKSI DAN MENCEGAH HAZARD PADA PASIEN
Authors: Pohan Novi Hanjani
Published: November 2020

Resiko bahaya di rumah sakit yang disebabkan oleh faktor biologi, fisik, kimia, fisiologi/ergonomi dan psikologi dapat menyebabkan penyakit dan kecelakaan akibat kerja bagi pekerja, pengunjung, pasien dan masyarakat disekitar lingkungan rumah sakit. Pekerja rumah sakit memiliki resiko kerja yang lebih tinggi dibanding pekerja industri lain sehingga resiko bahaya tersebut harus dikendalikan.Salah satu upaya pengendalian adalah dengan melakukan sosialisasi kepada seluruh pekerja rumah sakit tentang resiko bahaya tersebut sehingga seluruh pekerja mampu mengenal resiko bahaya tersebut. Dengan mengenal resiko bahaya diharapkan pekerja mampu mengidentifikasi resiko bahaya yang ada disatuan kerjanya dan mengetahui upaya pengendalian resiko bahaya yang sudah dilakukan oleh rumah sakit sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pekerja terhadap sistem pengendalian resiko bahaya yang sudah dilakukan.
LANGKAH-LANGKAH DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN
Authors: Manalu Dialusi
Published: November 2020

Membuat keputusan merupakan bagian dari kehidupan kita sehari-hari baik secara individu ataupun secara kelompok. Pengambilan keputusan mempunyai arti penting bagi maju atau mundurnya suatu organisasi. Pengambilan keputusan yang tepat akan menghasilkan suatu perubahan terhadap organisasi ke arah yang lebih baik, namun sebaliknya pengambilan keputusan yang salah akan berdampak buruk pada roda organisasi dan administrasinya.
PERAN PASIEN DAN KELUARGA SEBAGAI PARTNER DI PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DALAM MENCEGAH TERJADINYA BAHAYA DAN KEJADIAN TIDAK DIHARAPKAN.
Authors: Baringbing Jesika Olivia
Published: November 2020

Adverse event atau kejadian tidak diharapkan (KTD) merupakan suatu kejadian yang mengakibatkan cedera yang tidak diharapkan pada pasien karena suatu tindakan (commission) atau tidak mengambil tindakan yang seharusnya diambil (omission) bukan karena “underlying disease” atau kondisi pasien. Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja di Rumah Sakit (K3RS) yaitu segala kegiatan untuk menjamin dan melindungi keselamatan dan kesehatan bagi sumber daya manusia rumah sakit, pasien, pendamping pasien, pengunjung, maupun lingkungan rumah sakit melalui upaya pencegahan kecelakan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja di rumah sakit. Pasien dapat melakukan banyak peran penting ketika menerima pelayanan kesehatan.Kata kunci: Peran,bahaya,keselamatan
A VISUALIZAÇÃO DE DADOS DO DIREITO TRIBUTÁRIO
Authors: PALETTA FRANCISCO CARLOS , da Conceição Rafael Sena
Published: November 2020

O trabalho tem como objetivo geral o desenvolvimento de um indicador que permita mensurar o grau de maturidade em visualização de dados do direito tributário pátrio nos municípios e também realizar benchmarking entre eles.Visualização de dados no contexto deste trabalho deve ser entendida como a compreensibilidade das informações por um cidadão não especialista no tema.Os objetivos específicos são: i) definir a visualização de dados no contexto do direito tributário, ii) elaborar indicador quantitativo da maturidade em visualização de dados do direito tributário nos municípios brasileiros; e iii) realizar diagnóstico do quadro atual de maturidade e elencar eventuais melhorias a partir do cômputo do indicador proposto em um conjunto de municípios.
KECELAKAAN PASIEN AKIBAT KELALAIAN PERAWAT MENJADI ISSU TERKAIT KESELAMATAN PASIEN
Authors: Sinaga Winda Sari
Published: November 2020

Perawat menjadi salah satu tenaga kesehatan yang selalu mendampingi pasien dalam waktu yang cukup lama, sehingga sangat berisiko melakukan kelalaian yang dapat menyebabkan pasien cedera. Dalam proses pemberian layanan kesehatan dapat terjadi kesalahan berupa kesalahan diagnosis, pengobatan, pencegahan, serta kesalahan sistem lainnya. Berbagai kesalahan tersebut pada akhirnya berpotensi mengakibatkan cedera pada pasien. Hal ini berarti bahwa kesalahan dapat mengakibatkan cedera dan dapat pula tidak mengakibatkan cedera terhadap pasien. Keamanan adalah prinsip yang paling fundamental dalam pemberian pelayanan kesehatan dan sekaligus aspek yang paling kritis dari manajemen kualitas. Keselamatan pasien (patient safety) adalah suatu sistem dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman, mencegah terjadinya cidera yang disebabkan oleh kesalahan akibat melaksanakan suatu tindakan atau tidak mengambil tindakan yang seharusnya diambil. Sistem tersebut meliputi pengenalan resiko, identifikasi dan pengelolaan hal yang berhubungan dengan resiko pasien, pelaporan dan analisis insiden, kemampuan belajar dari insiden, tindak lanjut dan implementasi solusi untuk meminimalkan resiko.Salah satu hal yang dapat menyebabkan pasien cedera dan membahayakan keselamatan pasien ialah kelalaian petugas kesehatan, salah satunya ialah perawat. Kelalaian yang dilakukan perawat adalah salah satu bentuk pelanggaran praktek keperawatan, dimana perawat melakukan kegiatan prakteknya yang seharusnya mereka lakukan pada tingkatannya, lalai atau tidak mereka lakukan. Kelalaian perawat selama memberikan tindakan asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien dapat lihat sebagai bentuk pelanggaran etik ataupun bentuk pelanggaran hukum. Namun dalam praktek pemberian pelayanan kesehatan, seorang perawat harus bertanggung jawab atas segala tindakan yang dilakukan, diberikan kepada pasien. Maka rumah sakit dan perawat dengan sifat profesionalismenya harus bertanggung jawab secara hukum dan sepenuhnya atas kerugian pasien yang disebabkan kelalaian atau tindakan perawat. Profesi keperawatan harus mempunyai standar praktek profesi keperawatan dan aturan lainnya yang didasari oleh ilmu pengetahuan yang dimiliki, guna memberi perlindungan kepada masyarakat. Dengan adanya standar praktek profesi keperawatan inilah dapat dilihat apakah seorang perawat melakukan malpraktek, kelalaian ataupun bentuk pelanggaran praktek keperawatan lainnya.
Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Pada Perawat
Authors: Perangin-angin Tia Juliana
Published: November 2020

Penyakit Akibat Kerja adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh pekerjaan dan lingkungan kerja. Faktor risiko PAK antara lain: Golongan fisik, kimiawi, biologis atau psikososial di tempat kerja. Faktor tersebut di dalam lingkungan kerja merupakan penyebab yang pokok dan menentukan terjadinya penyakit akibat kerja. Faktor lain seperti kerentanan individual juga berperan dalam perkembangan penyakit di antara pekerja yang terpajan
Isu Terkini Terkait Keselamatan Pasien dan Keselamatan Kesehatan Kerja dalam Keperawatan
Authors: Surbakti Mahdalena Br
Published: November 2020

Isu keselamatan pasien ini melahirkan para digma baru tentang mutu pelayanan, "mutu pelayanan yang baik saja (sudah diberikan pelayanan sesuai standar teknis dan IPTEK) tidak cukup berarti bagi pasien tanpa memperhatikan bagaimana derajat unsur risiko dan keselamatan yang diterima oleh pasien". Tinggi rendahnya derajat mutu sebanding dengan tingkat ketersediaan fasilitas pelayanan untuk mencapai "keseimbangan terbaik antara risiko dan manfaat keselamatan" yang diterima oleh pasien (Widayat 2009). Pelayanan kesehatan pada dasarnya adalah untuk menyelamatkan pasien. Hal inisesuai dengan yang diucapkan Hipocrates kira-kira 2400 tahun yang lalu, yang berbunyi “Primum, Non Nocere” (First, Do No Harm). Fatwa ini mengamanatkan tentang keselamatan pasien yang harus diutamakan. Dalam fatwa ini tersirat bahwa keselamatan pasien bukan hal yang baru dalam dunia pengobatan, karena pada hakekatnya tindakan keselamatan pasien itu sudah menyatu dengan proses pengobatan itu sendiri. Namun, dengan berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kedokteran serta makin kompleksnya manajemen Rumah Sakit, unsur keselamatan pasien ini sedikit terabaikan (Bognar A, 2009).Kecelakaan adalah kejadian tidak terduga yang disebabkan oleh tindakan tidak aman dan kondisi tidak aman (Heinrich, 1930). Sebagian besar (85%) kecelakaan disebabkan oleh faktor manusia dengan tindakan yang tidak aman. Hasil laporan National Safety Council tahun 1988 menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya kecelakaan kerja di rumah sakit 41% lebih besar dari pekerja industri lainnya. Kasus yang sering terjadi adalah tertusuk jarum, terkilir, sakit pinggang, tergores, luka bakar dan penyakit infeksi lainnya. Kejadian penyakit infeksi di rumah sakit dianggap sebagai suatu masalah serius karena mengancam kesehatan dan kesejahteraan pasien dan petugas kesehatan secara global.
Tahapan Proses Keperawatan Dalam Pemberian Asuhan Keperawatan
Authors: Rambe Bintang Marsondang
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang Asuhan keperawatan merupakan proses sistematis, terstruktur,dan integrative dalam badan keilmuan keperawatan. Asuhan ini diberikan melalui metode yang disebut proses keperawatan. Proses keperawatan yang didasari teori Orlando Deliberative Nursing Process ini menyatakan bahwa tindakan atau perilaku yang ditunjukkan perawat merupakan hasil pertimbangan berdasarkan kebutuhan pasien. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa perawat profesional melakukan eksplorasi kebutuhan dan masalah atau gangguan kebutuhan yang terjadi pada pasien dengan menggunakan persepsi, proses berpikir kritis, penalaran klinis, dan atau perasaan perawat yang berhubungan dengan kebutuhan dasar pasien. Proses keperawatan membantu perawat mendapatkan luaran, mengukur kualitas pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan dan memudahkan perawat untuk melakukan praktik klinis keperawatan khususnya bagi perawat pemula (Xiao et al., 2017). Proses keperawatan terdiri dari lima tahapan, yaitu pengkajian, diagnosis, perencanaan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Asuhan profesional dituntut untuk dapat melaksanakan proses keperawatan dengan tepat dan benar. Pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap proses perawatan sangat penting, karena topik ini akan menjadi bagian yang amat penting dalam pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan. Perbedaan asuhan yang profesional dengan asuhan tradisional terletak pada penggunaan proses keperawatan. Kemampuan perawat dalam menerapkan proses keperawatan dalam asuhannya sudah tidak dapat ditawar lagi apabila ia meyakini bahwa asuhannya adalah asuhan yang profesional (Rohmah, N dan Walid, S. 2009).Namun sangat disayangkan bahwa pelayanan pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada saat ini masih jauh dari apa yang diharapkan. Keadaan ini bukan saja disebabkan oleh terbatasnya jumlah tenaga keperawatan yang kita miliki, tetapi terutama dikarenakan oleh terbatasnya kemampuan professional dalam menerapkan tahapan proses keperawatan yang baik. Berdasarkan uraian diatas, penulis tertarik untuk melakukan literature review terkait tahapan proses Keperawatan dalam pembuatan asuhan keperawatan.
Harman & Lorandos (2020). Preprint of Allegations of Family Violence in Court: How Parental Alienation Affects Judicial Outcomes
Authors: Harman Jennifer Jill , Lorandos Demosthenes
Published: November 2020

We tested a set of findings reported by Meier (2019) related to the use of parental alienation (PA) as a legal defense in cases in which there are allegations of domestic violence and child abuse. A total of 967 appellate reports in which PA was found or alleged were sequentially selected from a legal database search. Nineteen research assistants blind to the study’s hypotheses coded the reports for the variables used to test six pre-registered hypotheses using a series of logistic and linear regression models. We failed to find any support for the conclusions made by Meier (2019). Parents found (versus alleged) to alienate their children, regardless of their gender, had greater odds of losing parenting time, losing custody of their children, and losing their case. These findings held even when the accusing parent had been found to have been abusive. Losses or decreases in custody were not found when the (alleged) alienated parent was found to have been abusive. Results indicate that the majority of courts carefully weigh allegations of all forms of family violence in their determinations about the best interests of children. These findings, along with several others, raise concerns that the methodological, analytical, and statistical problems we detail about Meier’s report (2019) make her conclusions untrustworthy. Discussion focuses on the importance of using open science practices for transparent and rigorous empirical testing of hypotheses and the dangers of misusing scientific findings to mislead influential professionals who affect the well-being of millions of families.
Effective Carbon Prices and Sub-Global Climate Cooperation
Authors: Dominioni Goran
Published: November 2020

Scholarly and policy interest in carbon pricing coalitions is growing. Existing research analyzes design features that can increase the environmental effectiveness and political resilience of coalitions centered around carbon taxes and carbon markets (i.e. explicit carbon pricing). This article is the first that analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of building carbon pricing coalitions around effective carbon pricing compared to the standard design that focuses on explicit carbon pricing. In this article, measures of effective carbon prices include carbon prices implemented via carbon taxes, carbon markets, fuel taxes, and fossil fuel subsidies reforms. The article describes four design options to build carbon pricing coalitions - three built on measures of effective carbon pricing and one that focuses exclusively on explicit carbon pricing - and benchmarks them against six criteria. The key results are that building carbon pricing coalitions around effective carbon prices has various advantages over the most common alternative discussed in the literature. These advantages include higher transparency, broader participation, higher legitimacy of the coalition, and more substantial involvement of Finance Ministries in climate change mitigation. These advantages might translate in comparable or even higher environmental effectiveness than coalitions that focuses exclusively on explicit carbon pricing.
Categorizing People by Their Preference for Religious Styles
Authors: Streib Heinz , Chen Zhuo Job , Hood Ralph
Published: November 2020

This article presents a typology that categorizes people according to their profile of religious styles, which concerns, among other things, the sources where they derive validity and stability, when confronted with religious and existential questions or inter-religious challenges. The modeling of this typology is an empirical complement to Streib’s model of religious styles, which, in turn, is a critical advancement of Fowler’s faith development theory. Data are religious style assignments to the answers on the 25 questions in the Faith Development Interview (FDI), which has been administered to 677 participants in the United States and Germany. We present results based on a theory-driven approach to determine a person’s religious type by incorporating frequencies of religious style assignments from the evaluation of their FDI. This conceptual approach has convergent validity with results from latent class analysis and a machine-learning algorithm. Results based on three samples converge on four religious types: Substantially Ethnocentric, Predominantly Conventional, Predominantly Individuative-Reflective, and Emerging Dialogical-Xenosophic types. We report the profiles of the four types with reference to group differences on religious schemata and openness to experience.
The wizard and the computer: An introduction to preprocessing corpora using R
Authors: Tomaschek Fabian
Published: November 2020

The present text adresses readers without any programming skills or experience. It shows in (hopefully) comprehensible and short steps how to use the programming language R. The main focus of this text is to introduce basic functions as well as basic knowledge how to perform your programming task which you will need to preprocess corpora. Later in the text I also introduce how to simulate learning using an error-driven learning rule.
My Home is my Castle? The Role of Living Arrangements on Experiencing the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Germany
Authors: Langenkamp Alexander , Cano Tomas , Czymara Christian S.
Published: November 2020

During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, social restrictions and social distancing policies forced large parts of social life to take place within the household. However, comparatively little is known about how private living situations shaped individuals' experiences of this crisis. To investigate this issue, we analyze how experiences and concerns vary across living arrangements along two dimensions that may be associated with social disadvantage: loneliness and care. In doing so, we employ quantitative text analysis on open-ended questions from survey data on a sample of 1,073 individuals living in Germany. We focus our analyses on four different household structures: living alone, shared living without children, living with a partner and children, and single parents. We find that single parents (who are primarily single mothers) are at high risk of experiencing care-related worries, particularly regarding their financial situation, while individuals living alone are most likely to report feelings of loneliness. Those individuals living in shared houses, with or without children, had the lowest risk of experiencing both loneliness and care-related worries. These findings illustrate that the living situation at home substantially impacts how individuals experienced and coped with the pandemic situation during the first wave of the pandemic.
Health and education concerns about returning to campus and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic among US undergraduate STEM majors
Authors: Palmer Lindsay , Pagoto Sherry L. , Workman Deja , Lewis Kathrine A. , Rudin Lauren R. , De Luna Nina , Herrera Valeria , Brown Nathanial P. , Bibeau Jessica , Arcangel Kaylei , Waring Molly E.
Published: November 2020

Undergraduates majoring in STEM at US universities/colleges completed an online survey in July 2020 and answered open-ended questions about their concerns about returning to campus and about learning online from home in Fall 2020. Students’ concerns about returning to campus included student noncompliance with university COVID-19 prevention guidelines, infection risk, poor instructional quality, inadequate university plans for preventing/handling outbreaks, negative impacts on social interactions, and transportation/commuting. Concerns about online learning from home included difficulty focusing on schoolwork, lack of hands-on/experiential learning, negative impacts on social interactions, family/home environment, concerns that online learning wastes time/money, and inadequate technology/Internet access. Universities should address student concerns and provide resources to overcome barriers to effective learning.
Prawo do tłumaczenia pokrzywdzonego w polskim procesie karnym – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Toruński Michał
Published: November 2020

The analysis of the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure shows a clear asymmetry in the rights of the accused and the victim as regards the right to interpreting. Despite the implementation of subsequent amendments, the legislators consistently ignored the rights of the victim with regard to the right to interpreting; when they actually dealt with that issue, it was done in a fragmented and selective manner.Moreover, the exegesis of the provisions on the right to interpreting leads to the conclusion that the analyzed right is not fully regulated by the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and some extremely important normative parts of it must be decoded from the Law on the System of Common Courts. Both these spheres interpenetrate each other, which is undeniably undesirable from the point of view of the standard of legal certainty and transparency.This study aims at identifying legislative shortcomings, as well as at proposing de lege ferenda solutions in relation to the analyzed right of the victim to interpreting.
W poszukiwaniu tożsamości. Lwów w twórczości Adama Zagajewskiego
Authors: Czajkowska Zoriana
Published: November 2020

The paper devoted to an important theme in Adam Zagajewski’s work: the search for identity. Using the author’s biography as the background, the author of the paper refers to various works by the writer (including Two Cities, To Go to Lvov, and Should We Visit Sacred Places?) and draws attention to the fact that the author’s poetic declaration about homelessness is his identity status; consequently, the author of the paper focuses on the aspect of Lviv in Zagajewski’s work.
Does an Increase in the Minimum Wage Decrease Employment? A Meta-Analysis of Canadian Studies
Authors: Campolieti Michele
Published: November 2020

I conduct a meta-analysis of the Canadian minimum wage literature, using meta-regression methods to determine whether this literature has a publication bias and the size of the empirical effect after adjusting for this bias. For teenagers, the demographic group with the largest share of minimum wage workers and thus providing the findings of most interest to policy-makers and legislators, I find no evidence of a publication bias and a minimum wage elasticity of about −0.27. I also discuss the implications of my findings for researchers and policy-makers.
Arktische Superhelden: Strukturelle Parodie in Simon Schwartz’Packeis
Authors: Haenlein Felix
Published: November 2020

This close reading of Packeis demonstrates how the graphic novel does not attempt to correct the injustices that occurred to North Pole researcher Matthew Henson simply by retelling his version of the story. Instead, the comic structurally parodies the processes of those who have informed the discourse so far. Racism is thereby revealed as a strategy for discourse appropriation. Moreover, in addition to the parodying of colonialism through the capturing of the white areas of the comic’s page, the comic also reflects its own media conditions, while at the same time marking them as the conditions for expedition reports. This essay thereby exposes the pure white regions as areas that have always already been written on and are constructed in the first place. Finally, this essay shows how the staging of national heroes connected to Peary’s project is reflected in Packeis’ reference to the figure of the superhero, again making it clear that this performance has always been based on artificial processes.
Ralf König’sKondom des Grauensand a Socially Just Ethical Aesthetic
Authors: Kutch Lynn Marie
Published: November 2020

With his signature wildly satiric style, Ralf König represents in his comic Kondom des Grauens contrasting and even competing social movements of the 1980s: voices from within the homosexual community on the one hand and mainstream messaging about condom use related to the AIDS crisis on the other. This article discusses ways that Kondom des Grauens satirically exaggerates elements of mainstream AIDS messaging with the narrative support of horror-story elements in order to confront the deployment of fear. The article examines ways that the comic’s composition and form force a series of ethical systems into unlikely dialogue, resulting in an original ethical composite graphic narrative system. The comic thus emerges as a counter-text that aims to increase social awareness of the contradictions, struggles, and distress that characterized the time for members of sexual minorities.
Private law offices
Authors: Penner JE
Published: November 2020

Offices have a vital, but limited, role to play in private law. This article analyses the nature of private law offices, concluding, first, that the identity of an office is coextensive with the constellation of rights, duties, powers, and so on which are attributed to the office-holder and which reflect the nature of the representative task she is appointed to perform, and, second, that, so long as the need for representation remains, the office needs to be filled. This is why offices are always accompanied by appointment procedures which allow the office to be filled when an incumbent dies or is unfit to continue. It is argued that a private law office should be employed only when a valid need, or valuable potential, for representation of one person by another arises. Applying this analysis, it is denied that parenthood and ownership are private law offices.
Buprestis splendens (Fabricius, 1774) (Coleoptera Buprestidae) on the Calabrian side of the “Parco Nazionale del Pollino” (Calabria, Italy): distribution and ecological observation
Authors: Piazzini Sandro , Tamburini Matteo , Martini Francesca , Favilli Leonardo
Published: November 2020

Buprestis splendens (Fabricius, 1774) (Coleoptera Buprestidae) is a rare European chorotypespecies, threatened throughout its distribution by global climate change, forest fires and thecapture of specimens by collectors. To date, in Italy, its presence was only known in a fewareas on the Lucanian side of the massif of Pollino. This report records the first, reliable sight-ings of its presence on the Calabrian side of the Pollino and in the mountains of Orsomarso. Italso makes observations on its environment and the factors that put its survival at risk.
Where two giants meet: the first records of Sphodromantis viridis in Sicily and Greece and the spread in Europe of Hierodula tenuidentata (Insecta Mantoidea) show new crossroads of mantids in the Mediterranean
Authors: Battiston Roberto , Andria Simone , Borgese Domenico , Di Pietro William , Manciagli Alberto
Published: November 2020

The first presence records of the Giant African Mantis Sphodromantis viridis(Forskål, 1775) (Insecta Mantoidea) are reported for Sicily and Greece, with new evidences on the human-mediated spreading of this species in the Mediterranean area. In Greece, Sphodromantis viridismeets the distribution of the Giant Asian Mantis Hierodula tenuidentata (Saussure, 1869), andthese two mantids have been recorded together in the same locality. Some single records fromFrance and Corsica also open the possible expansion of this species in more northern regions.These different spreading dynamics, taking place in the Mediterranean area, in a fast-evolvingscenario, are here discussed.
Discrepancies in the diagnosis of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among different hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: T Romeeza , A Nadeem , J Nauman , A Afia , R Kunwal
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen causing a wide range of infections. It changes its genome under the selection pressure of antibiotics. Methicillin resistance is commonly determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method which has low sensitivity and specificity. Thus, anti PBP-2a latex agglutination test was used to confirm the identity of those labeled as MRSA. Materials and Methods: One hundred bacterial samples characterized as MRSA according to Kirby-Bauer diffusion method were collected from different hospitals in Lahore. Results: Biochemical characterization of these MRSA isolates revealed that only 64 (64%) were actually S. aureus while the other 36 isolates (36%) were coagulase negative staphylococci. Further serological characterization revealed that among the 64 isolates of S. aureus, 50 (78%) were MRSA while 14 (22%) were MSSA. Conclusion: Therefore, overall, 50% of the bacterial strains were misidentified as MRSA. Misdiagnosis of antibiotic resistance may lead to an inappropriate prescription of medicines to these patients.
Spontaneous Thrombosis of Dural Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report
Authors: M Sobri , WZ Mezlina , JH Subramaniam
Published: November 2020

Dural arteriovenous malformation (DAVM) is relatively rare and defined as abnormal connections or shunts between the arterial and the venous side of vascular tree located within the dura mater. Spontaneous closures of DAVM are rare and have been scarcely reported. This case report will describe the neuroimaging findings and classification of DAVM. A 50 year old lady presented with headache. Neuroimaging showed prominent serpinginous flow-void structures, cerebral angiogram confirmed the presence of DAVM at the occipital region. She had defaulted treatment and follow up for 3 years. On second admission, she had a cerebral angiogram which showed normal findings with no evidence of fistulas or malformation. She was discharged well. Causes of spontaneous closure of DAVM are discussed.
Approaches for teaching, learning and doing research as deduced from the Qur’an and Sunnah
Authors: AS Basil , B Sulaiman
Published: November 2020

Approaches to teaching and learning keep on changing continuously as evidenced in the development of sub-disciplines dealing with education within the discipline, for example, medical education. This paper brings in another perspective in the search for the ideal teaching and learning approaches. Starting from the Qur’an and the Sunnah, this paper identifies about 20 different aspects of teaching and learning found in these two Islamic sources. These aspects could be grouped into four categories: pre-learning phase and setting the context; personality qualities needed for good teaching and learning relationship; teaching approaches; and lastly, approaches for enhancing the learning process. The paper demonstrates the great potential of the Qur’an and Sunnah for informing on the effective ways for teaching and learning.
Gençlerin Siyasal Katılımlarında Partiler Arası Seçim İttifakının Rolü: Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi’nde Bir Araştırma
Authors: USTA Sefa , DİLBER Fadime
Published: November 2020

Demokrasinin benimsendiği ve içselleştirildiği ülkelerde, katılımcı bir yönetim anlayışının benimsenmesi, halkın farklı mekanizmalar aracılığıyla yerel ve ulusal karar alma süreçlerine dâhil olması önemli bir gereklilik olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Vatandaşların, siyasal ve yönetsel karar alma sürecine başta seçimler olmak üzere farklı mekanizmalar aracılığıyla aktif şekilde katılım göstermesi, katılımcı demokrasi anlayışının hayata geçirilmesi için elzem bir durum olarak değerlendirilebilir. Demokratik katılımın uygulamaya konulmasında toplumun farklı kesimlerinin aktif rol alması beklenmektedir. Katılımcı demokrasi düşüncesinin hayata geçirilmesinde rol oynayan başat aktörlerden birisi de gençlerdir. Türkiye’de 2017 yılında gerçekleştirilen referandumla, seçilme yaşı yirmişbeşten on sekize indirilerek gençlerin siyasal karar alma sürecine aktif katılmasına zemini hazırlanmıştır. 2017 yılında gerçekleştirilen referandumda aynı zamanda Türkiye’de hükümet sistemi değişikliğine gidilmiştir. Parlamenter Sistem yerini Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine bırakmıştır. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemine geçişin en önemli yansımalarından birisi de, Cumhurbaşkanlığı, genel seçimler ve yerel seçimlerde siyasi partiler arası ittifak yapılmasının önünün açılmasıdır. Siyasi partiler arası ittifak yapılmasının seçmenleri nasıl etkilediği sorusundan yola çıkarak hazırlanan çalışmanın temel sorunsalı, siyasi partiler arası ittifak yapılmasına yönelik genç seçmenlerin görüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama (survey) deseni kullanılırken, veri toplama aracı olarak anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi öğrencilerine yönelik gerçekleştirilen araştırma sonucunda elde edilen veriler dikkate alındığında ortaya konulacak tespit ve bulgular şu şekilde sıralanabilir. Araştırmanın ilk bulgusu, öğrencilerin büyük bir çoğunluğunun seçim döneminde ittifakların yazılı ve görsel medya açısından önemli gündem oluşturduğunu; hem yazılı ve görsel medyanın hem de sosyal medyanın, ittifak içinde olan partilerin söylem, aday ve projelerinin tanıtılmasında etkili olduğunu beyan etmiş olmasıdır. “Hem siyasi partilerin seçim ittifakı, hem de ittifakların hangi partiler arasında gerçekleştirildiği” konusunda araştırmaya katılan genç seçmenlerin yaklaşık % 70’inin bilgi sahibi olduğu dikkati çeken bir bulgudur. Araştırmanın bir diğer bulgusu, katılımcı öğrencilerin bir siyasi partiye oy verirken önemli gördükleri unsurlar içerisinde “partinin ideolojisinin” (% 40,7) en önemli unsur olarak görmeleridir. Katılımcı öğrencilerin seçimlerde oy kullanmalarına yönelten faktörlerin etkisi incelendiğinde; öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun ülke geleceğinde etkili olabileceği için oy kullandığını belirtmiş olması dikkati çeken bir husustur.
Sixth addition to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: November 2020

Itara (Gryllitara) curupi sp. nov. and I. (Phormincter) melanocephala sumatrae subsp. nov. from Southern Sumatra as well as Inditara subgen. nov. and I. (Inditara) indiae sp. nov. from South India are described. Itara curupi distinctly differs from all the other species of Gryllitara in having two rows of denticles on the dorsal surface of the epiphallus, I. melanocephala sumatrae differs from the nominotypical subspecies by a shorter distal part of the ectoparameres, and I. indiae strongly differs from all the other representatives of Itara in possessing a smaller tegminal mirror, more simple oblique veins in the male tegmina, and a specific structure of the male genitalia.
First finding of euconodont animals (Euconodontophylea) imprints on the territory of Russia
Authors: Buryi G.I. , Kasatkina A.P. , Zhuravlev A.V. , Safronov P.P.
Published: November 2020

The paper presents data on first in Russia imprints of problematic euconodont animals found in the Lower Carboniferous deposits of the Kozhim River of the Northern Urals. In a thin interlayer of black carbonaceous mudstone, the first complete imprint of a euconodont animal and separated dental elements: "Spathognathodus" crassidentatus Branson & Mehl, Polygnathodus communis Branson & Mehl, Bispathodus sp. was found. The imprint is a long (about 4.8 mm), narrow (0.3-0.4 mm), worm-shaped body, exposed on one side, on which one can see a head, a trunk, and a tail. Behind the tail of the first imprint, there is a head of another younger specimen whose trunk appears to curve and pass into other plane. The first imprint of the euconodont animal was studied using a scanning electron microscope ZEISS EVO 50XVP without spraying its surface. A complete image of the euconodont animal trunk was obtained with low magnification (50Ч). With magnifications of 120Ч to 10000Ч, numerous details of its structure are observed. Complete data on the outer morphology of euconodont animals were thus obtained for the first time. These data support the hypothesis that the euconodonts belong to a distinct group of organisms established earlier, the phylum Euconodontophylea Kasatkina & Buryi, 1997.
CHANGES IN FIBROSIS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER IN COMBINATION WITH OBESITY USING ADEMETHYANINIUM AND ARGININE GLUTAMATE
Authors: Matkovska N.R.
Published: November 2020

Aim: to study the changes in liver parenchymal fibrosis under the influence of treatment of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis in combination with obesity using ademethionine and arginine glutamate.

Material and methods. 215 patients, diagnosed with alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC), took part in the study, including 66 women and 149 men aged (48.1±9.7) years and a median disease duration (5.8 ± 2.6) years. 109 people had ALC with obesity (group I) and 106 people had ALC without obesity (group II). Patients were divided into subgroups depending on the stage of decompensation according to Child-Pugh: class A – group IA (n=40), class B – group IB (n=39), class C – group IC (n=30) and IIA (n=39), IIB (n=36), IIC (n=31) groups, respectively. Depending on the treatment protocol (b protocol – basic therapy, h protocol – basic therapy in combination with ademethionine and arginine glutamate), all patients were divided into subgroups.

Results. In patients with ALC in combination with obesity, the elasticity of the liver parenchyma according to shear wave elastography and the FIB-4 index were higher than classes A, B and C compared to those in patients with ALC without obesity. According to the study results, obese patients with ALC had a more severe course of ALC according to the Child-Pugh and MELD scores. There is a direct relationship between the level of fibrosis in patients with ALC in combination with obesity according to elastography and the FIB-4 index with the severity of the disease according to the Child-Pugh ad MELD scores. The inclusion of ademethionine and arginine glutamate in the treatment regimen has improved the general condition of patients, compensated for clinical and laboratory parameters and reduced the rate of progression of liver fibrosis.

Conclusion. In patients with ALC in combination with obesity, the inclusion in the treatment of ademethionine and arginine glutamate has improved the course of the disease, as evidenced by changes in the parameters of the disease severity by Child-Pugh and MELD scores, and helped to reduce the rate of progression of liver fibrosis according to elastography and the FIB-4 index.
Predicting the development of ischemic stroke in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tronko N.D. , Kondratiuk V.E. , Cherska М.S. , Guryanov V.G.
Published: November 2020

Cerebrovascular pathology and metabolic disorders are problems of modern health care, which are of colossal medical and social significance. A high percentage of not only mortality, but also disability determines the extreme urgency of studying their various aspects, and the presence of combined pathology requires the development of a personalized approach to the tactics of managing such patients.

The aim of our study is to predict the development of IS based on indicators of the structural and functional state of the heart and cerebral vessels and heart rate variability in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis (CA) and DM2. Materials and methods. The complex clinical and instrumental study involved 229 patients with CA 1–3 degrees. Study design: simple, prospective, non-randomized, sequential enrollment. All patients underwent instrumental examinations: transthoracic echocardiography, electrocardiography ECG, ultrasound Doppler of the vessels of the head and neck, MRI of the brain. All patients took antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs, antiplatelet agents, statins. Results: Patients were divided into 2 groups: I - with CA 1–2 degrees, II - with CA 3 degrees (after ischemic atherothrombotic stroke (IS)). Average age = 65.1 ± 10.5 and 65.4 ± 9.1 years, respectively. The share of men was 21.2% in the 1st and 52% in the 2nd groups. The number of patients with type 2 diabetes, mean fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were comparable in both groups. At the time of examination, all patients achieved the target BP and T2DM compensation. In our study, for patients with CA, a negative relationship between ischemic stroke and end-diastolic size index and a positive relationship with the thickness of the interventricular septum and male sex was established, which logically explains the important role of LV geometry in the development of ischemic stroke. For patients with T2DM, a negative relationship was found between ischemic stroke and LV diastolic function and positive - with fasting glucose and IM thickness.

Conclusion: Based on multivariate regression analysis, in patients with cerebral atherosclerosis with the development of ischemic stroke, the presence of a relationship between the thickness of the interventricular septum, end-systolic size index, end-diastolic size index and the male sex was revealed (AUC = 0.94 (CI 0.91 - 0.97), but in patients with DM2 and CA - fasting glucose level, interventricular septum thickness, intima-media complex thickness and E/A AUC = 0.99 (95% CI 0.94 - 1.00).
Multidisciplinary peer-mentoring groups facilitating change?
Authors: Aarnikoivu Melina , Pennanen Matti , Kiili Johanna , Nokkala Terhi
Published: November 2020

This article discusses the potential of multidisciplinary peer-mentoring groups to facilitate individual and institutional change. To do this, we view peer mentoring as a form of critical education praxis (Mahon et al. 2019), the purpose of which is to create a space for reflexive thinking and asking critical questions. The data were collected by interviewing all thirteen participants – doctoral students and more established scholars – of a multidisciplinary peer-mentoring pilot project. The results show a variety of both individual changes and desired changes within the university, which were brought into view as a result of the sharing of experiences, views and ideas in an open, confidential, multidisciplinary space. Based on these results, we argue that multidisciplinary peer mentoring has a high potential to offer an excellent space for collaborative, critical dialogue, which could ultimately facilitate change among individual academics, but also potentially more widely within higher education institutions.
Cholecystitis of dogs (Diagnosis. Clinical case from practice)
Authors:   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Butko K. O. , Kanivets N. S. ,   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Burda T. L. ,   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Poltava, Ukraine, Khomenko A. M. ,   Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Poltava, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

Cholecystitis at the current stage of clinical veterinary development attracts attention among specialists. The development methods of early diagnosis, expanding the knowledge of veterinarians and increasing the number of animals` diseases with suspected cholecystitis require detailed discussion and analysis. The article presents the results of the diagnosis of dogs with cholecystitis, which became a purpose of research. To achieve the purpose, we have performed the following tasks: analysis of the causes of cholecystitis and the use the various methods of diagnosing a disease. The scheme of diagnosis included: medical history, application of general research methods, laboratory blood tests and special methods (ultrasonography of the liver and gallbladder). We found that the reason for the development of cholecystitis of dogs was the presence of inappropriate food in their diet (sweets, pork and milk). Clinically the disease is manifested by disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (anorexia, alternating diarrhea, vomiting, faecal discoloration), hyperthermia (39.6 ° C), pale mucous membranes, dry skin, dull fur, depression of the animals` general condition, abdominal pain on palpation. There is a note that the dog bends its back up while lying down. In the blood there is an increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, oligocythemia, leukocytosis with a shift of the neutrophil nucleus to the left. Biochemical studies showed an increase in bilirubin to 11.4 μmol / l, increased activity of enzymes, in particular aminotransferases (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase, confirming the cytolysis of hepatocytes and cholestasis. At the same time, there is a doubling of alpha-amylase activity and it is characteristic for pathological processes in pancreas. Ultrasonographically cholecystitis of dogs was characterized by thickening of the gallbladder walls in the form of hyperechoic nodules (folding of the mucous membrane) and there was an increase in its volume. In the lumen flake-like hyperechoic sediment was observed, which moved freely along the wall of the gallbladder.
Diuretic activity of methylxanthine derivative furoxane with one- and long-time use on the excretory function system of rats on the background of spontaneous diuresis
Authors:   Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine, Kornienko V. I. , Ladohubets E. V. ,   Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine, Harkusha I. V. ,   Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine, Ponomarenko O. V. ,   Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine, Duchenko E. A. ,   Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine, Khomenko M. V. ,   Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The study of the effect of furoxane on renal activity under conditions of spontaneous diuresis was performed by the method of Berkhin. Hydrochlorothiazide was chosen as a reference drug. Furoxane and hydrochlorothiazide were administered intragastrically at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 7 days. The content of Na+ and K+in the urine was determined by flame photometry. The concentration of creatinine in the urine was studied by the method of Folin in the modification of Berkhin. The obtained results were calculated using the methods of variation statistics. The analysis of the results shows that under one-time action of furoxane in rats the daily urination increased by 210.4 % (p <0.001), the concentration of Na+ in the urine of rats increased by 51.9 % (p <0.05), and the concentration of K+ in the urine tended to increase by 5.6 %. Natriuresis increased 1.7 times (p <0.05), potassium - 1.23 times (p <0.05). Excretion of endogenous creatinine increased 1.49 times (p <0.05), indicating an improvement in glomerular ultrafiltration. After administration of hydrochlorothiazide there was an increase in diuresis by 92.2 % (p <0.05), urinary Na+ concentration increased by 49% (p <0.05) and increased Na+excretion from urine by 23.3 % (p <0.05). K+ concentration in urine increased by 12.6 %, and K+excretion - by 27.5 % (p <0.05). Thus, a single administration of furoxane at a dose of 25 mg/kg led to an increase in daily diuresis, Na+ and K+ diuresis, which indicates the potential diuretic and saluretic properties of the drug. Long-term (7 days) furoxane administration contributed to the increase of urination in animals. After 3 days diuresis increased by 226,1 % (p <0.001), on 7th day – by 236,3 % (p <0.001). Salures was increased: the excretion of Na+ after 3 days increased by 2.27 times (p <0,05), after 7 days - by 2,38 times (p <0,05), K+ - 1.83 times (p <0.05). The gradual increase in creatinine excretion in the dynamics of the use of furoxane, indicated a possible prolongation of the effect of furoxane. Thus, furoxane, which by its chemical structure belongs to methylxanthine derivatives is a promising pharmacologically active substance for further study of its specific activity and safety in order to create a highly effective diuretic and implementation in clinical practice.