bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining and Using the Utrecht Method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process to Facilitate Professional and Ethical Deliberation and Decision Making in Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Case Study among a Panel of Stakeholders
Authors: Shawahna Ramzi
Published: December 2018

Background. In daily practice, healthcare practitioners face many challenges in ethical and professional decision making. Currently, little is known on the ethical and professional deliberations and weighing benefits against risks in daily complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) practice. The aim of this study was to combine the Utrecht method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in deliberations, weighing benefits against risks of using ginger for a pregnant woman suffering nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) along with other comorbidities. Methods. A hypothetical case was constructed using the twelve tips for constructing dilemma case‐based assessment. Three CAM practitioners, two physicians, three pharmacists, and two patients were recruited, and the Utrecht and the AHP methods were combined and used to deliberate and weigh benefits against risks of using ginger for the presented case. Results. Responses from the ten panelists were obtained. Priority ratings showed significantly higher scores (p‐value < 0.001) for alleviating symptoms of NVP (30.7%  ± 16.6%) compared to other potential benefits. Increasing the risk of bleeding was given significantly higher (p‐value < 0.0001) weight scores (24.7%  ± 13.5%) than other potential side effects. Potential risk of spontaneous abortion and risk of impairment of fetal development were given higher (p‐value < 0.001) weight scores than risk of fetal hypoglycemia. When benefits were compared against side effects and risks to the fetus and pregnancy, potential benefits were given higher (p‐value < 0.001) weight scores (72.3%  ± 5.2%). Conclusions. Considering the anticipated benefits and risks, a shared decision was made to use ginger in the case presented. The woman should also be informed of the potential side effects and risks of using ginger. The use of this combined method might promote openness and transparency in making shared decisions for healthcare providers and patients.
Synthesis of Tetragonal Phase LiYF4: Yb and Tm Microcrystals with Strong UV Upconversion Fluorescence
Authors: Zhang Yongling , Shi Yudi , Liu Lai , Song Mingxing , Qin Zhengkun
Published: December 2018

In this work, we synthesized pure tetragonal phase LiYF4 microcrystals by a hydrothermal method. In the reaction, sodium ions acted as an intermedium species. The long axis of the quasi-octahedron crystals was about 5 to 20 micrometers. Strong UV 1I6 → 3H6 (~291 nm), 1I6 → 3F4 (~346 nm), and 1D2 → 3H6 (~362 nm) and blue emissions 1D2 → 3F4 (~450 nm) and 1G4 → 3H6 (~475 nm) could be observed in our samples. We could see blue luminescence from the microcrystals by our naked eyes in the daylight even if the pump power of the 980 nm laser diode was less than 10 mW. Obvious energy level splitting was also observed, which indicated that Tm3+ ions were embedded into the crystal lattice very well. The 1G4 energy level split into four subenergy levels owing to the effect of crystal field. The upconversion mechanisms were discussed in detail.
Analysis in Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Graves’ Ophthalmopathy Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Yu Nan , Zhang Yadi , Kang Lei , Gao Ying , Zhang Junqing , Wu Yuan
Published: December 2018

Objectives. The objective of the study is to observe changes in choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods. The right eyes of 36 patients (27 females and 9 males) with Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) and those of 36 age-, gender-, and diopter-level-matched healthy participants were evaluated. The patients’ data were obtained within 3 months after the onset of Graves’ disease (GD). Thyroid hormone levels and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels were measured, and the degree of exophthalmos was measured in all patients. Activity is measured by the clinical activity score (CAS). A horizontal scan centered on the fovea was performed in all participants. Five points of choroidal thickness were measured at the fovea (SFCT) and at 1500 μm nasal (N1500), 3000 μm nasal (N3000), 1500 μm temporal (T1500), and 3000 μm temporal (T3000) to the fovea. Results. The CT measurements obtained were (mean ± SD) 313.47 ± 100.32 μm, 279.22 ± 85.80 μm, 214.64 ± 75.52 μm, 313.19 ± 80.36 μm, and 298.14 ± 82.75 μm in patients with GO and were 256.33 ± 50.18 μm, 223.14 ± 59.61 μm, 176.69 ± 60.66 μm, 250.92 ± 52.184 μm, and 239.47 ± 60.35 μm in the control group at the foveal, N1500, N3000, T1500, and T3000 measurement points, respectively. The CT in GO patients was significantly increased at all the points compared with the control group (P<0.05). There was no relationship between the CT and CAS, the degree of exophthalmos, triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or TRAb levels in GO. Conclusions. CT was found to be increased in GO patients and had poor relationship with CAS, exophthalmos, and thyroid function tests.
Study on the Control Method of Mine-Used Bolter Manipulator Based on Fractional Order Algorithm and Input Shaping Technology
Authors: Zhang Jun , Huang Qingxue
Published: December 2018

Mine-used bolter is the main equipment to solve the imbalance of excavation and anchor in well mining, and the manipulator is the main working mechanism of mine bolt drilling rig. The manipulator positioning requires high rapidity and stability. For this reason, this paper proposes a composite control method of “input shaping + fractional order PDμ control”. According to the mathematical model of the valve-controlled cylinder, the fractional-order controller PDμ is developed. At the same time, the input shaping is used to feed forward the accurate positioning and path planning of the manipulator, which not only improves the robustness of the system, but also shortens the stability time of the system and restrains the maximum amplitude of the system vibration. In this paper, the control effects of fractional order PDμ controller and integer order PD controller are compared. The results show that the maximum amplitude of the control system is reduced by 75% and the stabilization time is reduced by 60% after using the fractional order PDμ controller, which fully reflects the superiority of the fractional order controller in response speed, adjusting time, and steady-state accuracy. Finally, the control effects of “input shaping + fractional order PDμ control” and fractional order PDμ controller on the stability of the system are compared. The maximum amplitude of the system was reduced by 50% by using “input shaping + fractional order PDμ control”. Numerical simulation confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the composite control method. This composite control method provides theoretical support for the precise positioning of the manipulator, and the high stability and high safety of the manipulator also expand the application scope and depth of the composite control method.
Prediction of Coal Mine Gas Emission Quantity Based on Grey-Gas Geologic Method
Authors: Wei Wang , Lei Peng , Xiaochao Wang
Published: December 2018

To improve the accuracy and reliability of gas emission prediction, the various factors affecting the amount of gas emission were researched and the main factor determining the amount of gas emission was determined by the gas geology theory. In this paper, we adopted grey-gas geologic method and grey relevancy analysis separately to estimate forecast accuracy and to establish the grey systematic forecasting model; meanwhile, two residual tests were carried out. Combined with the concurrent in situ data, the result of the grey systematic prediction model is verified. The later residual test results indicated that the model is of a high accuracy and the prediction result is reliable, manifesting the method of grey-gas geologic method is a better way to forecast the gas emission.
Application of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography to Objectively Evaluate Posterior Capsular Opacity In Vivo
Authors: Yu Shasha , Lu Chengzhe , Tang Xin , Yuan Xiaoyong , Yuan Bo , Yu Zhe
Published: December 2018

Objectives. To objectively evaluate posterior capsular opacification (PCO) with RTVue-100 spectral domain-OCT and assess the agreement with the Pentacam system. Methods. Sixty-seven eyes diagnosed with PCO were included. RTVue-100 SD-OCT was used to scan the IOL outline and PCO at horizontal and vertical meridians. PCO was also imaged with a Pentacam and slit-lamp photography system. With RTVue-100 SD-OCT, the PCO area, thickness, density, and objective scores were recorded and used to evaluate the severity of PCO at 3 mm and 5 mm diameter ranges of the IOL optic region. We assessed the correlation of visual acuity, PCO characteristics, and PCO scores. PCO scores acquired from RTVue-100 SD-OCT images were also compared with those from the Pentacam. Differences between pear-type and fibrosis-type PCOs were also compared using RTVue-100 SD-OCT cross-sectional images. Results. The cross-sectional images of PCO acquired with RTVue-100 SD-OCT corresponded well to Pentacam and slit-lamp retroillumination images. IOL-posterior capsular space, area, thickness, and density of the proliferated and accumulated LECs could be clearly visualized and quantified with RTVue-100 SD-OCT. PCO scores were correlated with decreased visual acuity, which was in line with the outcomes using the Pentacam. Differences between the pear-type and fibrosis-type PCO were statistically significant; pear-type PCOs showed a wider and thicker opacification region with lower density compared with fibrosis-type PCOs. Conclusion. RTVue-100 SD-OCT could be a powerful tool in PCO objective evaluation and classification. OCT could be used to visualize the morphology and outline of PCO. Thus, it could discriminate and quantify differences between different types of PCO. PCO scores seem to be a useful factor that could reliably reflect PCO severity.
Experimental Study of a Low‐Specific Speed Francis Model Runner during Resonance
Authors: Agnalt Einar , Østby Petter , Solemslie Bjørn W. , Dahlhaug Ole G.
Published: December 2018

An analysis of the pressure in a runner channel of a low‐specific speed Francis model runner during resonance is presented, which includes experiments and the development of a pressure model to estimate both the convective and acoustic pressure field from the measurements. The pressure was measured with four pressure sensors mounted in the runner hub along one runner channel. The mechanical excitation of the runner corresponded to the forced excitation from rotor‐stator interaction. The rotational speed was used to control the excitation frequency. The measurements found a clear resonance peak in the pressure field excited by the second harmonic of the guide vane passing frequency. From the developed pressure model, the eigenfrequency and damping were estimated. The convective pressure field seems to diminish almost linearly from the inlet to outlet of the runner, while the acoustic pressure field had the highest amplitudes in the middle of the runner channel. At resonance, the acoustic pressure clearly dominated over the convective pressure. As the turbine geometry is available to the public, it provides an opportunity for the researchers to verify their codes at resonance conditions.
Association of Chocolate Spot and Faba Bean Rust Epidemics with Climate Change Resilient Cultural Practices in Bale Highlands, Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Gosaye , Bimrew Yekedem , Shifa Hassen
Published: December 2018

Field survey was conducted in south eastern Ethiopia to determine the disease intensity of chocolate spot and rust and to investigate the association of disease intensity (incidence and severity) with environmental factors and crop cultural practices. A total of 280 faba bean fields were surveyed in eight districts, and type of cropping system, weed management practices, crop growth stage, previous crop in the field, and sowing date were recorded. The associations of disease intensity with independent variables were evaluated using logistic regression model. Mean disease incidence of chocolate spot varied from 70.9 to 93.2% in most fields while percentage severity index (PSI) ranged from 10.5 to 47.1%. In a reduced multiple variable model, chocolate PSI ≤ 30% showed high probability of association with mixed cropping system, good weed management practices, late planting, and when faba bean was rotated with vegetables and cereals. The mean disease incidence of faba bean rust was varied from 23.6 to 78.2%, while the mean PSI of rust was varied from 4.8 to 37.9%. In Gasera, Dinsho, and Agarfa districts, poor weed management practices, fields planted in the month of July, and when previous crop was legume had a high probability of association to (>20) rust PSI in a multiple variable reduced model. In contrast, soil types, fertilizer applied, and fungicides sprayed were not associated with disease intensity. The present study has identified cropping system, planting date, previous crop, district, and weed management practices as important variables that influence faba bean chocolate spot and rust epidemics in diversified fields. Therefore, proper weeding management practices, late planting, crop rotation habit, and other related farm practices should be carried out to reduce chocolate spot and rust impact until resistant faba bean genotypes are developed and distributed to the area.
Nerve Growth Factor Levels in Term Human Infants: Relationship to Prenatal Growth and Early Postnatal Feeding
Authors: Sánchez-Infantes David , Cereijo Rubén , Sebastiani Giorgia , Pérez-Cruz Miriam , Villarroya Francesc , Ibáñez Lourdes
Published: December 2018

Background. Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a key role in neuroprotection and developmental maturity. We assessed longitudinally the circulating concentrations of NGF in term healthy human newborns and infants as well as their association with prenatal growth and early postnatal feeding patterns.Methods. Circulating NGF and anthropometric measures (weight, length, body mass index, and ponderal index) were assessed longitudinally—at birth and at age 4 months—in 86 term infants born appropriate (AGA), small (SGA), or large for gestational age (LGA).Results. Cord blood NGF levels in SGA newborns were higher than those in AGA newborns (1.41 ± 0.2 pg/mL vs. 0.66 ± 0.1 pg/mL;p=0.02) and not different from those in LGA neonates (0.79 ± 0.2 pg/mL). At age 4 months, SGA-breastfed infants showed the highest NGF concentrations (p=0.02andp=0.01vs. AGA and SGA-formula-fed infants, respectively), while LGA infants depicted a marginal increase. NGF levels in cord blood correlated negatively with the ponderal index at birth (r=−0.36;p=0.0008).Conclusions. Circulating NGF is related to both prenatal growth and early postnatal nutrition. The maintenance of increased NGF concentrations in SGA-breastfed infants at age 4 months might be a potential mechanism to counterbalance potential risks for developing cognitive and psychomotor disadvantages.
Trends in Incidence of Two Major Subtypes of Liver and Bile Duct Cancer: Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma in Songkhla, Southern Thailand, 1989-2030
Authors: Yeesoonsang Seesai , McNeil Edward , Virani Shama , Bilheem Surichai , Pittayawonganon Chakrarat , Jiraphongsa Chuleeporn , Sriplung Hutcha
Published: December 2018

Background. The incidence of liver and bile duct cancer continues to rise, especially in Thailand. We aimed to project the trends in incidence of this rare but lethal cancer in southern Thailand in order to determine its future disease burden. Methods. Gender-specific trends in age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 person-years for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cases in Songkhla province of southern Thailand diagnosed between 1989 and 2013 were estimated and projected up to year 2030 using three different modeling techniques: a joinpoint model, an age-period-cohort model, and a modified age-period-cohort model. Results. Of 2,676 liver and bile duct (LBD) cancer cases identified, 73% were males, 51% were aged between 50 and 69 years, and HCC (44.4%) was slightly more common than CCA (38.1%). The models all predicted an increase in the incidence rate of CCA up to 2025 for both sexes whereas the incidence of HCC is expected to decrease among males and stabilize among females. The incidence rates of HCC and CCA among males in 2030 could reach 6.7 and 9.4 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, whereas the expected rates of HCC and CCA among females are expected to be around 1.5 and 3.9 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Conclusions. The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma is expected to increase in Songkhla and will contribute a larger proportion of LBD cancers in the future. Future public health efforts and research studies should focus on this increasing trend.
Biomarkers for Immunotherapy Toxicity: Are Cytokines the Answer?
Authors: Johnson Douglas B. , Balko Justin M.
Published: December 2018

Immune checkpoint inhibitors induce durable responses in some patients with advanced cancer but may simultaneously trigger autoinflammatory immune-related adverse events (irAE). The pathogenesis of irAEs may relate to genetic predisposition, environmental insults, or tumor–host interactions. Elevated expression of certain cytokines may signal subclinical inflammation that evolves into severe irAEs with treatment.

See related article by Lim et al., p. 1557
Germline Variant in SLCO2B1 and Response to Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisone (AA) in New-onset Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC)
Authors: Hahn Andrew W. , Gill David M. , Poole Austin , Nussenzveig Roberto H. , Wilson Sara , Farnham James M. , Stephenson Robert A. , Cannon-Albright Lisa A. , Maughan Benjamin L. , Agarwal Neeraj
Published: December 2018

There are many treatment options available for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Yet, biomarkers predictive of differential response to treatment are currently unavailable. A recent translational study suggested that SLCO2B1 genotype could predict response to abiraterone acetate for men with advanced prostate cancer. Here, we investigate whether germline variants in SLCO2B1 are predictive of response to first-line abiraterone acetate in men with new mCRPC. Clinical data and samples were analyzed from a prospective prostate cancer registry at the University of Utah (Salt Lake City, UT). Genotyping was performed using the Illumina OmniExpress genotyping platform. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) on first-line abiraterone acetate in men with mCRPC. We performed a prespecified multivariate Cox regression analysis to assess the independent predictive value of rs12422149 and rs1789693 on PFS on abiraterone acetate. Of 401 men with advanced prostate cancer genotyped, 323 were homozygous wild-type for rs12422149 (80.5%), 74 were heterozygous (18.5%), and 4 were homozygous variant (1.0%). In a multivariate analysis of 79 men treated with first-line abiraterone acetate for mCRPC, men heterozygous for rs12422149 had significantly improved median PFS compared with the homozygous wild-type group (8.9 months vs. 6.3 months; HR, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.23–0.94; P = 0.03). No significant difference in median PFS was seen by rs1789693 genotype. In this first clinical validation of translational data reported by Mostaghel and colleagues, germline variant alleles in rs12422149 of SLCO2B1 are common and predict improved response to first-line abiraterone acetate in men with mCRPC.
Rehabilitating the ‘City of Pigs’
Authors: Lara Joel De
Published: December 2018

In this paper, I contend that the standard interpretation of the Republic, according to which “the city of pigs” (CP) is an entirely deficient precursor to the one ideally just state, Kallipolis, is untenable. In the vital respect of unity, which for Plato is the defining condition of virtue in the soul and the city, CP is equally if not more just than Kallipolis. In part 1, I outline CP in terms of what I contend are the three organizing principles that secure its unity (“trade specialization”; “right size”; and “modesty”), before proceeding to defend this unity from some typical criticisms. The aim is to show that CP is unified and hence just, which allows us to make sense of why Socrates describes it as “complete” (telea), “true” (alêthinê), and “healthy” (hugiês), despite Glaucon’s protestations. To do so, I will have to first argue against objections from those who interpret CP as a suggestio falsi, or an exercise in playful irony, sketched only to establish the need for Kallipolis. In part 2, I then proceed to show that although Kallipolis is in certain respects superior to CP, it suffers from structural disunity relating to its heretofore unnoticed or downplayed geographical and social scissions—scissions that are requisite and unavoidable for its very organization. As such, Socrates tacitly suggests, I contend, that these scissions mark a disunity that results from reneging CP’s third organizing principle: the “modesty” principle. When Socrates, on his interlocutors’ demands, expands CP by allowing in items and conditions of luxury that provoke pleonexia (greed or covetousness) thus giving birth to the “feverish city,” he leads us to see the necessity of a kind of set-up in Kallipolis with a socially and geographically disparate class of guardians that is saturated by disunity. The overall argument of this paper is that Socrates takes us on a dialectical journey, leading us to see that unity and hence justice in each city depends upon each citizen doing her job and no more than her job (i.e., the principle of trade specialization) (433A-B). Both CP and Kallipolis are sketched for this heuristic purpose—to allow us to see this vision of justice. Socrates’ point in taking us on the dialectical journey, I contend, is to enable us to realize not just what justice is but what inhibits or threatens justice—namely, luxury, or more precisely wealth. CP is not a good model to allow us to see this, but this does not render it a suggestio falsi or an unrealistic false start. Indeed, on my reading, Socrates is not only serious when he dubs the city of pigs true and healthy, but we have to take these pronouncements seriously in order to properly accompany him on the journey and properly see his vision of political justice and injustice.
Apresentação de Linhas fundamentais da teoria da faculdade de desejar
Authors: Fracalossi Ivanilde
Published: December 2018

Apresentação de Linhas fundamentais da teoria da faculdade de desejar, de Karl Leonhard Reinhold, traduzido por Ivanilde Fracalossi
Meu caminho para Heidegger. Ou: a metafísica e o apelo da questão do ser
Authors: Mattos Fernando Costa
Published: December 2018

Este artigo retraça um caminho de pesquisa na filosofia alemã, o qual passa por Kant, Nietzsche e, depois de um desvio pela controvérsia entre Habermas e Dieter Henrich nos anos 1980, desemboca em Heidegger. O foco da reflexão é a questão da metafísica, ou, mais especificamente, o modo como o problema da metafísica é enfrentado por cada um desses autores. Se, em Kant, a metafísica deixa de ser um discurso sobre objetos e passa a tratar de ideias (as quais, em todo caso, podem ainda ser objetos de crença), em Nietzsche ela seria, enquanto cosmologia, concebida por oposição à visão cristã de mundo, mas também sem afirmar objetos propriamente ditos. O assunto é retomado na cena contemporânea por Dieter Henrich, que se contrapõe à ideia habermasiana de um pensamento pós-metafísico e aponta para a necessidade de reavivar o campo da metafísica em linha com o que alguns autores teriam feito no século XX - notadamente Martin Heidegger, para quem a ontologia demanda uma nova linguagem, capaz de exprimir o ser enquanto tal.
Duelo, de Guimarães Rosa: moira em interface com a violência do sertão
Authors: Costa Fabrício Lemos da , Godoy Maria Elizabeth Bueno de
Published: December 2018

Este ensaio tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a moira, destino ligado à matriz grega, em interface com as viagens e com a violência do sertão a partir do conto “Duelo”, quarta narrativa do livro Sagarana, de Guimarães Rosa. Trata-se de uma espécie de aclimatação do destino antigo à vivência do sujeito sertanejo, sobretudo no espaço de perseguição, de morte e de instabilidade nos gerais. Assim, esta reflexão em torno do conto do autor mineiro faz-se na leitura que instala a paisagem do sertão ao plano universalista da tradição grega: o destino.
BrasilGaliza: Ensinar literatura brasileira na Galiza, algumas considerações
Authors: Rangel Vivian
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta considerações sobre o ensino de literatura e culturas brasileiras na Galiza, a partir da experiência de um Leitor brasileiro na Faculdade de Filologia da Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC). Há 20 anos a USC conta com professores brasileiros que devem repensar estratégias didáticas para ensinar na Galiza, onde o ensino para estrangeiros tem uma série de especificidades, sobretudo no que se refere ao (quase) pleno entendimento da língua e à tradição histórico-cultural compartilhada. Neste percurso é sugerida uma construção de repertório baseada na experiência empírica e moldada a partir da interdisciplinaridade, sobretudo com a presença da Literatura Comparada (com ênfase na Lusofonia).
Para trás da Serra do Mim – Lá: o inominável lugar
Authors: Rivitti Fernanda Yazbek
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo analisa o conto "A menina de lá", do livro Primeiras Estórias, de João Guimarães Rosa, no rastro da experiência da ordem do aberto, do indefinível e inominável que o locativo "lá" configura na narrativa. O conceito de "desrazão", conforme tomado de Foucault e Blanchot por Peter Pál Pelbart, norteia o percurso de análise, no qual a imagem da criança protagonista, construída no signo da ausência, silêncio e imobilidade, tensiona as ambiguidades de carência e plenitude, loucura e santidade, normalidade e anormalidade, silêncio e Verbo Criador, desdobrando a imagem de infans em sua anterioridade em relação à fala/simbolização, à aculturação, ao utilitarismo, em um "lugar de existência" cujas dimensões podem ser psíquicas ou metafísicas. Na trama do enredo e construção da personagem se deslinda uma rede de sentidos e imagens que obrigam o leitor a habitar, também, o vazio, o aberto, a anterioridade... o lá.
A passagem do Sublime ao Belo em “Paisagem noturna”, de Manuel Bandeira
Authors: Pereira Hináh Esttela
Published: December 2018

Neste artigo, pretendo analisar o poema “Paisagem noturna”, de 1912, pertencente ao livro A cinza das horas, de Manuel Bandeira (1886-1968). Inicialmente, exponho os conceitos teóricos kantianos e schillerianos para apresentar os instrumentos de trabalho analítico que serão utilizados. Em seguida, procedo aos estudos do texto poético propriamente dito, à luz da visada filosófica proposta.
Passageiro do fim do dia: da forma moderna do romance às relações modernas de trabalho
Authors: Silva Wesley Lucas Batista da
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho é uma reflexão acerca das relações entre literatura e sociedade, no que concerne ao romance moderno e(m) sua vinculação com o mundo moderno do trabalho. O objetivo é investigar, a partir da obra Passageiro do fim do dia (2010), de Rubens Figueiredo, como a modernização da forma do romance acompanhou, em paralelo, a modernização das relações trabalhistas. Para isso, partiremos da concepção marxista de luta de classes, na qual, segundo nossa hipótese, o autor se apoia para fazer uma crítica a essas relações de trabalho bem como ao Capitalismo.
LITERATURA EM PAUTA: AS PÁGINAS DE JORNAL DE ANTONIO CALLADO
Authors: Agazzi Giselle Larizzatti , Rodrigues Joana
Published: December 2018

A escrita de Antonio Callado repórter dialoga com o que ficou conhecido como jornalismo literário, gênero híbrido, que desafia as expectativas do leitor de literatura e o leitor de reportagens. Com ampla atuação como jornalista, vindo a cobrir importantes eventos da história mundial, o intelectual carioca contribui de modo decisivo para a constituição do gênero no Brasil.  Nas reportagens publicadas entre 1960 e 1970, o escritor encontra um estilo próprio, ao aprofundar o potencial simbólico da linguagem, compondo complexos panoramas em que a análise e a opinião crítica se combinam a um trabalho meticuloso com a arquitetura das palavras.
OS JORNAIS ESCOLARES EM MATO GROSSO: CAMINHOS PARA A FORMAÇÃO DO LEITOR LITERÁRIO
Authors: Rolon Renata Beatriz Brandespin
Published: December 2018

É objetivo deste artigo revelar a presença dos jornais escolares no Estado de Mato Grosso no início do século XX. Por meio de análises de alguns números dos periódicos O Pequeno Mensageiro e O Liceu, comprovamos as articulações entre literatura e jornalismo, assim como o pulsar do tecido social de um determinado contexto.
Description of life stages of dung beetle Scaptodera rhadamistus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with notes on nesting and biology
Authors: Khadakkar Suvarna S. , Tiple Ashish D. , Khurad Arun M.
Published: December 2018

Immature stages of Scaptodera rhadamistus (Fabricius) are described for the first time along with notes on nidification and biology.  The larvae differ from other Scarabaeinae species in the structure of raster on tenth sternum with two irregular bunches of serrations ventrally one on either half.  Pupae with pronotum transverse having rounded margins resemble adults, and consist of four lateral, single caudal and single pteronotal support projection.  Adult males and females differ in coloration, structure of pronotum, presence of spine like process on mesosternum and, in the structure of male and female genitalia.
Notes on the occurrence of orchids Bulbophyllum medioximum, Herminium edgeworthii and H. macrophyllum (Orchidaceae) in Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Chowlu Krishna , Bhattacharjee Avishek , Kumar Pankaj
Published: December 2018

Bulbophyllum medioximum is reported as a new addition to the orchid flora of India along with two new records for the state of Arunachal Pradesh, namely, Herminium macrophyllum and H. edgeworthii.  A detailed description supported by the photo plates and updated distribution ranges have been provided.
Postembryonic development of the Tri-spine Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus (Merostomata: Xiphosura) in a nursery habitat in the Philippines
Authors: Kaiser Dorkas , Schoppe Sabine
Published: December 2018

Populations of the Tri-spine Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus have dramatically decreased over their distribution range and conservation efforts are now crucial.  The implementation of appropriate management strategies and stock assessment rely on accurate growth-rate estimates.  The postembryonic development of the species in the tropics, however, is not elucidated.  To provide the information needed to assess the demographics of juvenile populations and to judge the status of T. tridentatus in the Philippines, we conducted a mark-recapture experiment in a nursery habitat on Palawan Island.  The results obtained during the 10-month period provide the first consecutive data on the stepwise growth of the species in the Philippines and the first near comprehensive dataset collected within a single population of juveniles in the tropics.  By analyzing size-frequency (prosomal width) distributions of 853 individuals and by using 94 juveniles that molted during the study, 13 molt stages were differentiated.  Based on the intermolt periods of six instars, we estimated the growth curve of T. tridentatus following two models (non-linear and power function).  The data support the assumption that growth continues year-round in the tropics and also indicate that the average age of mature male and female T. tridentatus in the Philippines ranges from three to four years.  The agreement with a field study in Japan suggests that 14 postembryonic stages may be characteristic for the development of natural populations throughout the range of the species.  Though more data are needed to validate these results, the study provides a sound baseline for future studies in the tropics.
Contribution to the Macromycetes of West Bengal, India: 28–33
Authors: Saha Rituparna , Dutta Arun Kumar , Paloi Soumitra , Roy Anirban , Acharya Krishnendu
Published: December 2018

The present paper deals with the report of six poroid woody macro fungi belonging to the family Ganodermataceae from West Bengal in India.  The taxonomic account of these collected fungi is represented herein with detailed macro- and micro-morphological features.
Copulatory behavior of the Jaguar Panthera onca (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae)
Authors: Jorge-Neto Pedro Nacib , Pizzutto Cristiane Schilbach , Araújo Gediendson Ribeiro de , Deco-Souza Thyara De , Silva Leanes Cruz da , Salomão Jr. Jorge Aparecido , Baldassare Hernan
Published: December 2018

The relevance of the Jaguar in  Brazilian fauna is incompatible with the lack of literature regarding its reproductive behavior, showing that research in this area should be intensified.  The knowledge of its basic reproductive behavior is extremely important for understanding the fertility factors of the species and the role it plays in its ecosystem.  In this study, we analyzed 210 sequences of sexual behaviors of Jaguars Panthera onca starting from proceptivity of the female and ending with copulation; this sequence is called the copulatory behavior.  Behavioral sequences were filmed, and the observed behaviors were analyzed and recorded including occurrence frequency.  Different behaviors were observed in association with two types of copulation, it was understood that copulation occurs with and without penile penetration.  The information found in the present study is valuable for the reproductive management of Jaguars.
Lectotypification of two names in the genus Gymnostachyum (Acanthaceae)
Authors: Shameer M. C. , Sreenivas V. K.
Published: December 2018

The genus Gymnostachyum Nees, belongs to family Acanthaceae, comprises about 52 species (www.plantsoftheworldonline.org), distributed mainly in tropical Asia (www.efloras.org). In India, 11 speciesand four varieties have been recorded to date from various geographical regions (Karthikeyan et al. 2009);of which, 12 taxa are recorded so far from peninsular India (Gamble 1924; Prabhukumar et al. 2015). Aspart of the ongoing taxonomic revision in the genus Gymnostachyum in India, the need for lectotypificationof two names was identified, viz., G. glabrum (Dalzell) T. Anderson (1850: 338, 1867: 506) and G. glabrumvar. denticulatum C.B. Clarke (1885: 509). Clarke (1885) delineates var. denticulatum from latter by its distinctly toothed and glabrous nature of lamina. The lectotypes are designated here according to ICN Shenzhen Code Art. 9.3 (Turland et al. 2018).
Range extension of the Least Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros cineraceus Blyth, 1853 (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Hipposideridae): to central India
Authors: Kamalakannan M. , Venkatraman C. , Dar Tauseef Hamid , Chandra Kailash
Published: December 2018

The Least Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros cineraceus Blyth, 1853 is one of the 13 leaf-nosed bats in India, and was known from Uttarakhand, West Bengal. North-east India and Tamil Nadu. Upon careful examination of the leaf-nose of the bat collections, which were collected from N.P. Kailash cave in Kanger Khati National Park, Jagadalpur district of Chhattisgarh, during the year 2004 and subsequently deposited in the National Zoological Collections of Zoological Survey of India were identified as Hipposideros cineraceus. It is the first report on the occurrence of Hipposideros cineraceus in Chhattisgarh, Central India.
Roles of Coagulation Proteases and PARs (Protease-Activated Receptors) in Mouse Models of Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Posma Jens J. , Grover Steven P. , Hisada Yohei , Owens A. Phillip , Antoniak Silvio , Spronk Henri M. , Mackman Nigel
Published: December 2018

Activation of the blood coagulation cascade leads to fibrin deposition and platelet activation that are required for hemostasis. However, aberrant activation of coagulation can lead to thrombosis. Thrombi can cause tissue ischemia, and fibrin degradation products and activated platelets can enhance inflammation. In addition, coagulation proteases activate cells by cleavage of PARs (protease-activated receptors), including PAR1 and PAR2. Direct oral anticoagulants have recently been developed to specifically inhibit the coagulation proteases FXa (factor Xa) and thrombin. Administration of these inhibitors to wild-type mice can be used to determine the roles of FXa and thrombin in different inflammatory diseases. These results can be compared with the phenotypes of mice with deficiencies of either Par1 (F2r) or Par2 (F2rl1). However, inhibition of coagulation proteases will have effects beyond reducing PAR signaling, and a deficiency of PARs will abolish signaling from all proteases that activate these receptors. We will summarize studies that examine the roles of coagulation proteases, particularly FXa and thrombin, and PARs in different mouse models of inflammatory disease. Targeting FXa and thrombin or PARs may reduce inflammatory diseases in humans.
Ceria Nanoparticles Synthesized With Aminocaproic Acid for the Treatment of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Jeong Han-Gil , Cha Bong Geun , Kang Dong-Wan , Kim Do Yeon , Ki Seul Ki , Kim Song I. , Han Ju hee , Yang Wookjin , Kim Chi Kyung , Kim Jaeyun , Lee Seung-Hoon
Published: December 2018

Background and Purpose—

Despite early aneurysm repair and aggressive management for complications, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) results in at least 25% mortality rate and 50% persistent neurological deficit. We investigated whether ceria nanoparticles which have potent antioxidative activities can protect against subarachnoid hemorrhage via attenuating fatal brain injuries.

Methods—

Uniform, 3 nm, water-dispersed ceria nanoparticles were prepared from short sol-gel reaction of cerium (III) ions with aminocaproic acid in aqueous phase. SAH was induced by endovascular perforation of middle cerebral artery of rats. A single dose of ceria nanoparticles (0.5 mg Ce/kg) or saline control was randomly administered intravenously at an hour post-SAH. Neuronal death, macrophage infiltration, SAH grade, and brain edema were evaluated at 72 hours. Mortality and neurological function were assessed for 14 days.

Results—

The obtained ceria nanoparticles with high Ce
3+
to Ce
4+
ratio demonstrated potent antioxidative, cytoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. In rodent SAH models, the severity of hemorrhage was comparable between the ceria nanoparticles- and saline-treated groups. However, ceria nanoparticles significantly reduced neuronal death, macrophage infiltration, and brain edema after SAH. Ceria nanoparticles successfully improved survival rates (88.2% in the ceria nanoparticles group versus 21.1% in the control group;
P
<0.001) and neurological outcomes (modified Garcia score: 12.1±0.5 in the ceria nanoparticles group versus 4.4±0.5 in the control group;
P
<0.001) of the animals with SAH.

Conclusions—

Ceria nanoparticles, totally synthesized in aqueous phase using aminocaproic acid, demonstrated promising results against SAH via potent antioxidative, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Given the obvious limitations of current therapies for SAH, ceria nanoparticles can be a potential therapeutic agent which might result in a paradigm shift in SAH treatment.
Prescription of Pharmacotherapy and the Incidence of Stroke in Patients With Symptoms of Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Nastasi Domenico R. , Smith Justin R. , Moxon Joseph V. , Trollope Alexandra , Golledge Jonathan
Published: December 2018

Background and Purpose—

Current guidelines recommend prescription of a number of medications to prevent cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The impact that these medications have on the incidence of stroke in PAD patients has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the association of prescription of antihypertensive drugs, antiplatelet medications, and statins, as well as cardiovascular disease risk factors, with stroke incidence in patients with symptoms of PAD.

Methods—

A database search was completed to identify studies reporting the incidence of stroke and prescription of antihypertensive drugs, antiplatelet medications, and statins in patients with PAD symptoms. A random-effects model was used to meta-analyze the incidence of stroke in patients with symptoms of PAD and in subgroups with intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia. Metaregression was performed to explore the association between the incidence of stroke and the prescription of medications and the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Results—

Twelve studies including 67 915 patients with symptoms of PAD were included. A meta-analysis of data from 7 studies demonstrated an incidence of stroke of 1.31 per 100 patient-years. Patients with critical limb ischemia experienced stroke 2.3× more frequently than those with intermittent claudication (95% CI, 1.58–3.36;
P
<0.01). The reported prescription of antihypertensive agents varied between 10% and 71%, antiplatelet drugs between 49% and 90%, and statins between 11% and 79% in different studies. Metaregression suggested an association between a lower incidence of stroke and the prescription of antiplatelet drugs (
R
2
=0.81,
P
<0.01), and statins (
R
2
=0.85,
P
<0.01), but not antihypertensives medications. A prior history of cerebrovascular events was associated with a higher incidence of stroke (
R
2
=0.58,
P
<0.05).

Conclusions—

This review supports previous research which suggests the need for more effective means of ensuring more widespread prescription of preventative medications in patients with PAD.
Terrestrial isopods of the subgenus Hemilepistus (Hemilepistus) Budde-Lund, 1879 (Isopoda: Oniscidea) from Iran
Authors: KASHANI GHASEM M. , SARI ALIREZA , HOSSEINIE SHIDOKHT
Published: December 2018

Five species of the subgenus Hemilepistus (Hemilepistus) collected in Iran are reported. Three of these (Hemilepistus schirasi, H. cristatus and H. klugii) have been previously reported from Iran, one (H. aphganicus) is a new record, and the fifth (H. taftanicus n. sp.) is a new species. Hemilepistus taftanicus n. sp. is distinguished from other species of the subgenus by the presence of two additional large tubercles on the dorso-median part of pereonites 1–4. All species are allopatric; H. aphganicus have the widest range and H. taftanicus shows a very restricted one. A key to the Iranian species of the subgenus is provided.
Metabetaeus Borradaile, 1899 revisited, with description of a new marine species from French Polynesia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR
Published: December 2018

The alpheid shrimp genus Metabetaeus was previously known from two species associated with anchialine pools and caves, M. minutus (Whitelegge, 1897) and M. lohena Banner & Banner, 1960. In the present study, a somewhat unusual, coral reef inhabiting species of Metabetaeus, M. mcphersonae n. sp., is described based on one male and three female specimens collected off Moorea, Society Islands, French Polynesia. A detailed diagnosis of Metabetaeus is provided for the first time, accommodating characters of all three species. Distribution ranges are updated for M. minutus, recorded for the first time from Sulawesi and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, and for M. lohena, recorded for the first time from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). A key to the species of Metabetaeus is also provided.
Systematics of Bulbostyla, a new subgenus of Sarcophaga Meigen, and change of status for Robackina Lopes (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
Authors: GIROUX MARJOLAINE , WHEELER TERRY A.
Published: December 2018

Sarcophaga (Bulbostyla) subgen. nov. is described as a new subgenus of Sarcophaga Meigen to accommodate some species previously assigned to the subgenus S. (Neobellieria) Blanchard. Sarcophaga (Bulbostyla) contains nine species: S. airosalis sp. nov., S. cadyi sp. nov. (type species), S. cuautla sp. nov., S. fattigina sp. nov., S. ironalis sp. nov., S. semimarginalis Hall, S. sternalis (Reinhard), S. subdiscalis Aldrich and S. yorkii Parker. All species are described and illustrated and a key to the species is provided. The species within the subgenus are morphologically uniform externally and are distinguished mostly on male genitalic characters. Phylogenetic relationships within Bulbostyla are unresolved based on morphological characters and will require consideration of additional characters, such as molecular sequence data. The genus-group taxon Robackina Lopes is removed from synonymy with the subgenus Sarcophaga (Neobellieria) and reinstated as a valid subgenus of Sarcophaga (stat. nov.) to accommodate the single New World species Sarcophaga triplasia Wulp. A lectotype is designated for S. triplasia. The subgenus and species are redescribed and illustrated.
A new species of Folsomia from mofette fields of the Northwest Czechia (Collembola, Isotomidae)
Authors: SCHULZ HANS-JÜRGEN , POTAPOV MIKHAIL B.
Published: December 2018

Folsomia mofettophila sp. nov. is described from cold, volcanic gas vents (mofettes) in the Northwest Bohemia (Czech Republic). The species is characterized by large post-antennal organ and combines characters of F. bisetosa Gisin and F. kuznetsovae Potapov & Taskaeva.
Two new chigger mites of the genus Aboriginesia (Acari: Trombiculidae)
Authors: KOVÁČIK JÁN , KALÚZ STANISLAV
Published: December 2018

Two new chigger mites Aboriginesia ludmilae sp. n. and Aboriginesia obuchi sp. n. (Acari: Trombiculidae) are described from mountain areas of Switzerland and Caucasus.
New zerconid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Zerconidae) from Canada, with a review of the genus Mixozercon Halašková, 1963
Authors: DÍAZ-AGUILAR IRMA , UJVÁRI ZSOLT
Published: December 2018

Three new species of the genus Mixozercon Halašková, 1963 (Zerconidae) are described from boreal forest sites of the EMEND experimental site in northwestern Alberta, Canada – M. albertaensis sp. nov., M. jasoniana sp. nov. and M. borealis sp. nov. The new genus Boreozercon gen. nov. is described, with type species B. emendi sp. nov. Short diagnoses and distributional records are given for Mixozercon heterosetosus (Balan 1995), M. sellnicki (Schweizer 1948) and M. stellifer (Aoki 1964). Keys are provided for identification of the known species of Mixozercon and the Nearctic genera of the family Zerconidae.
A new genus and new species of deep-water trapeziid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Trapezioidea) from the Ryukyu Islands, Japan
Authors: KOMAI TOMOYUKI , HIGASHIJI TAKUO , CASTRO PETER
Published: December 2018

A new genus and new species of trapeziid crab, Hexagonaloides bathyalis, is described from Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa Prefecture), Japan, on the basis of two male specimens collected at a depth of 247 m. The new genus is unique among the Trapeziidae in having a combination of the hexagonal carapace bearing a single lateral spine and a smooth frontal margin and the unarmed anterior margin of the cheliped meri. The symbiotic association of the new taxon remains unknown.