bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asteroseismology Across the Hertzsprung–Russell Diagram
Authors: Kurtz Donald W.
Published: April 2022

Asteroseismology has grown from its beginnings three decades ago to a mature field teeming with discoveries and applications. This phenomenal growth has been enabled by space photometry with precision 10–100 times better than ground-based observations, with nearly continuous light curves for durations of weeks to years, and by large-scale ground-based surveys spanning years designed to detect all time-variable phenomena. The new high-precision data are full of surprises, deepening our understanding of the physics of stars. ▪ This review explores asteroseismic developments from the past decade primarily as a result of light curves from the Kepler and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite space missions for massive upper main sequence OBAF stars, pre-main-sequence stars, peculiar stars, classical pulsators, white dwarfs and subdwarfs, and tidally interacting close binaries. ▪ The space missions have increased the numbers of pulsators in many classes by an order of magnitude. ▪ Asteroseismology measures fundamental stellar parameters and stellar interior physics—mass, radius, age, metallicity, luminosity, distance, magnetic fields, interior rotation, angular momentum transfer, convective overshoot, core-burning stage—supporting disparate fields such as galactic archeology, exoplanet host stars, supernovae progenitors, gamma-ray and gravitational wave precursors, close binary star origins and evolution, and standard candles. ▪ Stars are the luminous tracers of the Universe. Asteroseismology significantly improves models of stellar structure and evolution on which all inference from stars depends.
Culture and Durable Inequality
Authors: Valentino Lauren , Vaisey Stephen
Published: April 2022

In recent decades, sociologists have generally avoided explicitly discussing the role of culture in processes of social inequality. We argue that the prevailing disciplinary theory of inequality, the framework laid out in Charles Tilly's Durable Inequality, necessarily relies on cognitive processes and cultural concepts. The four primary mechanisms driving inequality—exploitation, opportunity hoarding, emulation, and adaptation—involve justification, categorization, coordination, and (e)valuation. We survey research on social inequality that illustrates each of these four processes. Our review reveals important empirical patterns about how disparities between groups emerge and endure. We observe that while sociologists often conduct work that implicitly relies on cultural concepts, other social science disciplines are also doing vital work in this area because they engage directly with cultural concepts. We identify key areas where sociologists are well positioned to use cultural concepts to uncover important findings regarding inequality, as well as to propose interventions for mitigating or preventing inequality.
Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Ultra-Deep Ni3Si Microchannels
Authors: Wei Lufeng , Zhao Bingquan , Zhao Xiaoming , Huang Yanfang , Han Pengyu , Feng Xiaobo , Cui Yuntao , Zhao Zhilong
Published: April 2022

As an crucial branch for the development of micro/nanoporous metals, its exploration in ultra-deep direction has been ignored. In this paper, the electrochemical characteristics of ultra-deep micro/nanoporous metals were revealed based on Ni3Si microchannels for the first time. Ultra-deep Ni3Si microchannels were fabricated using the composite technology of directional solidification and selective phase dissolution. The large-scale morphology of the ultra-deep Ni3Si microchannels was characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical characteristics of the ultra-deep Ni3Si microchannels were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. With the increase in microchannel depth, the specific capacitance of the Ni3Si microchannels increased, the charge storage capacity enhanced, and the charge transfer resistance considerably decreased from 38854 Ω·cm2 to 404.9 Ω·cm2. The results suggested that ultra-deep Ni3Si microchannels have excellent electrochemical properties and can be used as an inexpensive and large-scale self-supporting catalyst in electrochemistry.
miR-1266-3p Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colon Cancer by Targeting P4HA3
Authors: Zhou Hailang , Huang Shu , Shao Changjiang , Zou Junwei , Zhou Aijun , Yu Jiufeng , Xu Chunfang
Published: April 2022

Numerous studies have been conducted to demonstrate that miRNA is strongly related to colon cancer progression. Nevertheless, there are few studies regarding the function for miR-1266-3p in colon cancer, and the molecular mechanism remains poorly know. Our study was designed to examine the level of miR-1266-3p expression among the colon cancer tissue and cell and to study the role and regulatory mechanism for miR-1266-3p among colon cancer’s malignant biologic behavior. First, we found that miR-1266-3p expression was distinctly lower in colonic carcinoma tissues and cells than in nontumor ones, and the prognosis of low miR-1266-3p patients was distinctly worse than that of high miR-1266-3p patients. Second, we predicted that the target gene of miR-1266-3p was prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 3 (P4HA3) through bioinformatics, and the targeting relationship between the two was verified by a dual luciferase assay report. Furthermore, miR-1266-3p inhibited the growth and metastasis of colon cancer in vitro as well as in vivo, and this effect could be alleviated by overexpressing P4HA3. Even more importantly, our study demonstrated that miR-1266-3p inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by targeting P4HA3. In conclusion, miR-1266-3p could inhibit growth, metastasis, and EMT in colon cancer by targeting P4HA3. Our discoveries might offer a novel target for colon cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Assessment of the Business Proposals Using Frank Aggregation Operators Based on Interval-Valued T-Spherical Fuzzy Information
Authors: Hussain Amir , Ullah Kifayat , Wang Haolun , Bari Mehwish
Published: April 2022

An interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy set (IVTSFS) is an efficient framework to treat ambiguous and vague information more efficiently. It has four functions consisting of the information in intervals. With the help of these functions, IVTSFS is a more reliable framework than the other existing frameworks. This article aims to establish algebraic operations of IVTSFSs named Frank sum, Frank multiplication, and Frank scalar multiplication stranded on Frank t-norm and t-conorm. Further, some averaging and geometric aggregation operators (AOs), i.e., interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy Frank weighted averaging (IVTSFFWA) and interval-valued T-spherical fuzzy Frank weighted geometric (IVTSFFWG) operators are established based on the defined operations, and then the properties of these operators are observed. The proposed approach is supported by an illustrative example, in which we have applied our proposed approach to a multiattribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problem. For the significance of the proposed approach, a comparative study is done. The various effects of the variation of parameters are also investigated which plays an important role in the final results.
CRIPTO‐1 Is Immunolocalized in the Syncytiotrophoblast of Ampullary Pregnancies
Authors: Cabar Fábio Roberto , Pereira Pedro Paulo , Bandeira Carla Letícia , Bevilacqua Estela , Schultz Regina , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Controlling the invasive activity of trophoblastic tissue has not been elucidated. In the accreta placenta, the invasion of placental tissue is directly related to the expression of CRIPTO‐1 at the maternal‐fetal interface. The aim of this study is to evaluate if the expression of the CRIPTO‐1 is related to different degrees of trophoblast invasion into the tube wall in ampullary pregnancy. Methods. Prospective study with 21 patients with ampullary tubal pregnancy undergoing salpingectomy. Anatomopathological evaluation determined the degree of invasion of trophoblast tissues into the tubal wall and grouped the samples into invasive degrees I, II, or III. The groups were compared for tissue expression of CRIPTO‐1 using the Kruskal‐Wallis nonparametric test. p values lower than 0.05 were considered significant. Results. Quantitative expression of CRIPTO‐1 differed in each of the three groups of trophoblast invasion in the tubal wall in ampullary pregnancies (p < 0.001). There is a difference between groups when grade I + grade II versus grade III (p < 0.001) and grade I versus grade II + grade III (p < 0.001). The tissue expression of CRIPTO‐1 in ectopic trophoblasts showed that deeper invasion of the tubal wall was associated with stronger expression than in shallow invasion (p < 0.001). Discussion. In ampullary pregnancies, the depth of penetration of trophoblast tissue in the tubal wall is related to CRIPTO‐1 tissue expression.
From the Cradle to the Web: The Growth of “Sharenting”—A Scientometric Perspective
Authors: Cataldo Ilaria , Lieu An An , Carollo Alessandro , Bornstein Marc H. , Gabrieli Giulio , Lee Albert , Esposito Gianluca
Published: April 2022

“Sharenting” is an internet trend in which parents report detailed information or repeatedly post pictures, videos, and other content about their children on social media. Due to the duality of sharenting, which takes place online but has offline consequences, it is essential to understand the implications of sharenting for real-world parenting and child development. The present work analyzes references in the existing literature and links among published articles to better understand sharenting, evidence for it, and major topics associated with it and to uncover the gaps in the literature. Citation analysis of the current literature mainly focuses on risks and benefits related to sharenting practices, especially for the children, and on ethical and privacy concerns. Future studies should investigate the psychological mechanisms that drive sharenting-related behaviors in parents and multidisciplinary approaches to the phenomenon. With a broader perspective on these issues, practitioners and professionals in family studies will be able to delineate guidelines for informative interventions to increase awarenes about the causes and consequences of publicly sharing child content.
Construction and Simulation of Music Style Prediction Model under Improved Sparse Neural Network
Authors: Wu Junfang , Lu Junbiao
Published: April 2022

This paper designs and implements a music style prediction system using an improved sparse neural network, aiming to provide users with personalized music lists that match their interests. This paper firstly introduces how to combine the restricted Boltzmann machine model and recommendation algorithm and proposes a method to extract data features—setting a threshold to extract data features, and then, based on this, this paper introduces an improved K-Item RBM by weighted fusion of RBM recommendation algorithm and Item’s recommendation algorithm. Finally, the algorithm model is trained and predicted by the extracted features, and the experimental comparison analysis shows that the K-Item RBM algorithm can reduce the error between the predicted data and the real data and improve the performance of the recommendation system; in addition, to improve the accuracy of the recommendation, this paper introduces an improved CNN-CF neural network recommendation algorithm, which uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract. The algorithm uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract text features from the dataset, then trains the algorithm model, and finally makes personalized recommendations to users. The system can crawl user and music data and complete preprocessing of data such as deduplication, word separation, and keyword extraction. In this paper, we define the prediction evaluation criteria with the evaluation index F as the core and compare and analyse the prediction effect of four models longitudinally. The experimental results show that the music style prediction model based on the improved sparse neural network has a higher evaluation index value F and better prediction performance than the two-time series prediction models; compared with the general sparse neural network music style prediction model, the improved sparse neural network music style prediction model has an increased evaluation index value F for prediction ability, and the overall prediction effect is better and the prediction ability is significantly improved. The system can judge the appropriate recommendation algorithm according to the actual situation of the user and music data information and realize the continuously personalized music list recommendation for users to meet their music needs.
K
-frames for Banach Spaces
Authors: Sun Baoguang , Li Chunyan
Published: April 2022

In order to reconstruct elements from the range of a linear bounded operator

K

on a separable Banach space, concepts of

K

-frames and

K

∗

-atomic systems for Banach spaces are introduced, the relationship between the two is discussed, and the sufficient condition for a Banach space to have a

K

-frame is given. In addition, the duality of

K

-frames for Banach spaces is studied, the pair of

K
,

K

∗

-dual Bessel sequences and the pair of approximate

K
,

K

∗

-dual Bessel sequences for Banach spaces are introduced, and their important properties are discussed.
Electrostatic Potential Distribution Analysis of Silicon Nanowire Field Effect Transistor with Various Channel Length
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Umapathi , Samikannu Ravi , Nataraj Mahesh , Sushma I. Sri Phani , Gupta Saurabh , Shanmugam Sathish Kumar , Dasari Narasimha Rao
Published: April 2022

Silicon nanowire FET plays a vital role in building of nanoscale electronic device applications. In this article, the silicon nanowire field effect model is designed with different channel lengths. By using the SiNW FET device model, various electrostatic potential distribution studies are done. This SiNW FET model is reducing the complexity in design. Two types of the device geometries are studied by changing the silicon nanowire channel length as 1000 nm and 200 nm. The 1000 nm channel provides high penetration to the active region of the nanowire FET than the 200 nm channel. This silicon nanowire FET model can apply to many nanoscale biochemical elements sensing applications.
An Effective Data-Collection Scheme with AUV Path Planning in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Khan Wahab , Hua Wang , Anwar Muhammad Shahid , Alharbi Abdullah , Imran Muhammad , Khan Javed Ali
Published: April 2022

Data collection in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) using autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) is a more robust solution than traditional approaches, instead of transmitting data from each node to a destination node. However, the design of delay-aware and energy-efficient path planning for AUVs is one of the most crucial problems in collecting data for UWSNs. To reduce network delay and increase network lifetime, we proposed a novel reliable AUV-based data-collection routing protocol for UWSNs. The proposed protocol employs a route planning mechanism to collect data using AUVs. The sink node directs AUVs for data collection from sensor nodes to reduce energy consumption. First, sensor nodes are organized into clusters for better scalability, and then, these clusters are arranged into groups to assign an AUV to each group. Second, the traveling path for each AUV is crafted based on the Markov decision process (MDP) for the reliable collection of data. The simulation results affirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed technique in terms of throughput, energy efficiency, delay, and reliability.
Effects of Misoprostol on Induction of Labour in Patients with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Leilei , Liu Sishi , Song Guiyu , Gao Man , Liu Tong
Published: April 2022

Objective. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) can cause serious prenatal and postnatal complications and is a threat to maternal and fetal health. To offer guidance for clinical decisions, we systematically reviewed the effects of misoprostol on induction of labour in HDP patients. Methods. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched for relevant literature from 2010 to 2020. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was performed to compare the effective rate of induction of labour and reducing postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) between the intervention group (n = 544, misoprostol) and the control group (n = 543, oxytocin). Results. A total of 10 studies with 1087 patients were included. The 10 studies compared the effective rate of induction of labour between the two groups and confirmed that the effective rate in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR = 4.37; 95% CI: 2.73, 7.00). Seven studies compared PPH between the groups and showed that it was significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group (SMD = −1.32; 95% CI: −2.05, −0.59;

P
<
0.0001

). Conclusion. Misoprostol has a high effective rate of induction of labour in HDP patients and is an effective uterotonic agent in reducing PPH. This meta-analysis provides clinicians with meaningful information to help them make evidence-based decisions.
A Chaotic Fish Swarm Algorithm-Based Model for Assessing the Mental Health Status of Older Adults
Authors: Zhang Fengjiao , Wu Lina , Yao Yexiang , Li Chaojun , Li Qingjiang
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the chaotic fish swarm algorithm is used to conduct in-depth research and analysis on the assessment of the mental health of the elderly. Firstly, the principle, search method, and characteristics of the harmonic search algorithm are analysed, and it is proposed to use the excellent local fine-tuning ability of the harmonic search algorithm to improve the local search accuracy of the artificial fish swarm algorithm. Then, the concept of chaos factor is introduced to improve the global search of the artificial fish swarm algorithm efficiency, using its global search capability without repeated traversal to form a new hybrid fish swarm algorithm. The comparison of experimental results shows that the improved algorithm can effectively guide the robot to avoid obstacles and quickly find the best path or a better path. The improved hybrid algorithm is more efficient and reliable than other algorithms in path planning and can handle more a complex environment model. When considering sample selection bias, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression may underestimate the extent to which social participation affects the mental health of older adults. Further research found that there is heterogeneity in the influence of social participation on the mental health of the elderly. In addition, different types of social participation have different effects on the mental health of the elderly. Simply making friends, physical exercise, and recreational participation in social activities can significantly improve the mental health of the elderly. The improvement is the strongest.
Intrapulmonary Volume Changes during Hiccups versus Spontaneous Breaths in a Preterm Infant
Authors: Gaertner Vincent D. , Waldmann Andreas D. , Bassler Dirk , Hooper Stuart B. , Rüegger Christoph M.
Published: April 2022

Hiccups occur at all ages but are most common during fetal development, and accordingly, they are seen regularly in preterm infants. However, the physiologic correlate of hiccups has never been established. We present the case of a preterm infant who developed a spell of hiccups and compared lung volume changes during hiccups with spontaneous breaths using electrical impedance tomography. Hiccups mostly occurred during the expiratory phase of breathing and were associated with a shorter inspiratory time and a larger tidal volume compared with spontaneous breaths. The center of ventilation was shifted toward the ventral (non-gravity-dependent) part of the lung during hiccups and volume changes were mainly restricted to the larger airways, but some gas flow also reached the lung parenchyma. Our observations shed new light on this phenomenon, which is well known but little researched, and our findings may imply a physiological impact of hiccups during fetal development.
Das formas educativas no Hípias Menor
Authors: Rodrigues Cleiton Lopes
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os movimentos argumentativos do Hípias Menor a fim de confirmar a hipótese de que o diálogo faz parte de um esforço platônico para colocar a sua filosofia numa classificação de sabedoria distinta daquela da cultura de seu tempo, estabelecendo uma oposição entre a sua proposta e os modelos morais ditados pela poesia de Homero. Para isso, pretende-se, de um lado, apresentar a poesia como forma central de educação no mundo helênico, tendo o sofista Hípias como representante dessa tradição, e, de outro, a proposta filosófica de Sócrates como meio de refutação dos valores e crenças convencionais, e como despertar para um novo modelo de vida intelectual e moral.
O feminino como horizonte formativo: aproximações entre “Grande Sertão: Veredas” e “Os anos de aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister”
Authors: Almeida Nina Auras Vieira de
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo pretende discutir a relação entre Bildung e feminino partindo de uma análise comparada entre Os anos de aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister (Goethe, 1795) e Grande Sertão: Veredas (Rosa, 1957). Aproximando “formação” de “travessia” como princípios dialéticos, o feminino parece apresentar um campo fecundo de análise na medida em que atua como a negatividade na constituição do sujeito masculino. Através de características como a marcada androginia, as personagens femininas trabalham no sentido de dissolver os polos antinômicos e avançar rumo a uma unidade mediada entre o social e a interioridade.
Políticas Públicas e Gênero: reflexões em períodos de pandemia
Authors: Gonsalves Karolayne , Guimarães Ammanda Braga
Published: April 2022

No Brasil, segundo o relatório do Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública, os casos de feminicídio cresceram cerca de 22% em 12 dos estados brasileiros e para que a situação seja enfrentada são necessárias políticas públicas que objetivem o combate à violência doméstica, incentivando as denúncias, acolhendo e orientando as mulheres. Indicadores governamentais, coberturas da mídia e indicadores de órgãos voltados a violência contra a mulher, mostram o agravo do tema durante o período de isolamento social causado pelo COVID-19 no ano de 2020. O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca da temática gênero no período de isolamento social no ano de 2020, com orientação teórica baseada em autores clássicos e contemporâneos da sociologia, junto aos autores de referência do campo da sociologia da violência.
A Metrópole dos Fins: Autonomia e História no pensamento kantiano
Authors: Erbella Bruno Oberlander
Published: April 2022

Tendo como fundamento principal três opúsculos de Immanuel Kant – um sobre História Natural e dois sobre a História humana – e dois artigos de Gérard Lebrun, este trabalho tem como objetivo a análise crítica da relação entre autonomia e História no pensamento kantiano, cuja exposição serve-se significativamente de analogias oriundas da História Natural. Começamos pelo problema colocado por Rousseau em A origem da desigualdade entre os homens da fragilidade da moral ocidental frente a diversidade humana, pois acreditamos que enquanto resposta à esse problema nosso objeto de análise revela com clareza os ganhos e perdas da concepção kantiana de História.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Risk of Hyperkalemia in People With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data From Randomized, Controlled Trials
Authors: Neuen Brendon L. , Oshima Megumi , Agarwal Rajiv , Arnott Clare , Cherney David Z. , Edwards Robert , Langkilde Anna Maria , Mahaffey Kenneth W. , McGuire Darren K. , Neal Bruce , Perkovic Vlado , Pong Annpey , Sabatine Marc S. , Raz Itamar , Toyama Tadashi , Wanner Christoph , Wheeler David C. , Wiviott Stephen D. , Zinman Bernard , Heerspink Hiddo J.L.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Hyperkalemia increases risk of cardiac arrhythmias and death and limits the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, which improve clinical outcomes in people with chronic kidney disease or systolic heart failure. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiorenal events in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with chronic kidney disease. However, their effect on hyperkalemia has not been systematically evaluated.

Methods:

A meta-analysis was conducted using individual participant data from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical outcome trials with SGLT2 inhibitors in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with chronic kidney disease in whom serum potassium levels were routinely measured. The primary outcome was time to serious hyperkalemia, defined as central laboratory–determined serum potassium ≥6.0 mmol/L, with other outcomes including investigator-reported hyperkalemia events and hypokalemia (serum potassium ≤3.5 mmol/L). Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate treatment effects from each trial with hazards ratios and corresponding 95% CIs pooled with random-effects models to obtain summary treatment effects, overall and across key subgroups.

Results:

Results from 6 trials were included comprising 49 875 participants assessing 4 SGLT2 inhibitors. Of these, 1754 participants developed serious hyperkalemia, and an additional 1119 investigator-reported hyperkalemia events were recorded. SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the risk of serious hyperkalemia (hazard ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.76–0.93]), an effect consistent across studies (
P
heterogeneity
=0.71). The incidence of investigator-reported hyperkalemia was also lower with SGLT2 inhibitors (hazard ratio, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.68–0.93];
P
heterogeneity
=0.21). Reductions in serious hyperkalemia were observed across a range of subgroups, including baseline kidney function, history of heart failure, and use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor, diuretic, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. SGLT2 inhibitors did not increase the risk of hypokalemia (hazard ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.94–1.15];
P
heterogeneity
=0.42).

Conclusions:

SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of serious hyperkalemia in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk or with chronic kidney disease without increasing the risk of hypokalemia.
Anuran fauna of reforested riparian forests: is microhabitat the decisive factor for colonization?
Authors: Martins Joice , Magalhães Adriele , Cruz António , Corrêa Matheus , Pires Maria Rita
Published: April 2022

We evaluated the effects of riparian forests restoration on anuran communities in the Brazilian Cerrado. We analyzed five riparian reforested fragments around a reservoir of an hydroelectric plant using microhabitat variables (humidity, canopy opening, amount of leaf litter and vegetation density), the dominant landscape (matrix type, fragment width) and reforestation age. We tested whether anuran abundance, richness and diversity were influenced by these variables using generalized linear models. Matrix type and fragment width were limiting factors for anurans to reach and establish themselves in riparian forest fragments, whereas microhabitat and reforestation age did not influence anuran succession. We conclude that reforestation in the midst of impermeable matrices creates anuran communities dominated by widely-distributed species that live in open areas, reflecting the highly modified surrounding habitat.
Of Flows, Bodies and Shows: Incipient Mass Cultures in Early Twentieth Century East Asia an Introduction
Authors: Delissen Alain
Published: April 2022

Shying away from an excessively constrained definition of mass culture, this paper finds in Tanizaki an unexpected point of entry. Tomoda and Matsunaga, a novella published in 1926, unfolds as a tell-tale allegory combining the paradigm of quantities (series and duplicates) with one of malleability (a-centredness and transversal circulation). Yet, in spite of elaborate statistical instruments in early twentieth century East Asia, mass culture is difficult to assess through the mere law of big numbers, and its birth remains questionable as does its point of departure. Likewise, while available sources make it hard to provide the ‘thick descriptions’ capable of unlocking grand homologies (cultural practices, social groups, univocal signification), uneven patterns of distribution are still to be recognised. Beyond some differences, China, Korea and Japan offer a remarkably homogeneous configuration of mass cultural forms and norms. Before proletarian or ultra-nationalist programmes took hold of their forces, it brought to the fore a consistent period (ca1890–1930) when East Asian mass cultures were, more or less, in a state of freewheeling.
Toys in Trade: Playfully Poetic Technology in Qing Dynasty Canton
Authors: Baark Josefine
Published: April 2022

The article explores how an artisan community in Canton adapted European clock-making technology to the making of automata in a Chinese aesthetic style. Moreover, it positions a unique automaton from the National Museum of Denmark in relation to a Chinese story and connected drinking game. Approaching the mechanical tableau as continuously in the process of being cocreated across social and global boundaries, it points to how new technology impacted ways of trading in the international community in Canton. When the elites in Canton set the mechanical tableau drumming, chiming, and spinning; gulped their wine, and passed each other flowering branches, they cocreated and performed a social ritual that traversed boundaries. Ultimately, a close reading of the sculpture reveals an often invisible aspect of international trade: that negotiations could rely on play as much as power, capital, and influence.
The Map as Missed Cue: England’s Pacific Ambitions as Revealed by Narborough’s Draught of the Port of Baldavia in the Coast of Chile (1670)
Authors: Burdick Catherine
Published: April 2022

This study analyzes John Narborough’s cartographic chart A Draught of the Port of Baldavia in the Coast of Chile (1670) as a missed cue to a radical reimagining of England’s imperial course in the Pacific sphere. Produced for Charles II, this map placed an optimistic spin on Narborough’s failed attempt to gain a commercial foothold along the Pacific coastline of South America. Its contents provide new evidence that Narborough’s voyage maintained a covert military agenda, perhaps to be carried out in a future voyage, should Spain block English trade with local indigenous inhabitants. Yet, as the map also conveys, Narborough’s venture at Valdivia ended abruptly in a tense encounter with Spanish garrisons that spurred the renovation of the most extensive Spanish fort system in the Americas.
The Application of EU Competition Law to the Exploitation of Human Genome Editing Technology
Authors: Bastidas Venegas Vladimir
Published: April 2022

This paper explores the application of EU Competition Law to the exploitation of human genome editing technology. Holders of key patents in the sector have applied different methods for disseminating the technology, such as different forms of licensing agreement and patent pools. It is found that that the competition rules are ill-suited to assess some of the licensing arrangements applied, which give rise to legal uncertainty. Accordingly, holders of patents on human genome editing technology may be discouraged to apply efficient methods for disseminating the technology. This may delay or obstruct some of the benefits the technology is supposed to deliver to the market, maker actors and consumers.
A Generation of Mysteries?
Authors: Robinson Colin D.
Published: April 2022

The history and the conflicts in which Sudanese Government armed forces have been involved are of interest both from the Sudanese historical and the military-historical angles. But while the agonies of Sudan’s civil wars have attracted significant academic interest, the structures, characteristics, and operating methods of official military institutions in Africa have been neglected, and there is little recent research. Sudanese military intervention in politics, including five successful coups, has been discussed since Ruth First’s book in 1970 and before. There were at least 16 coups and attempted coups by the Sudanese Armed Forces from 1957 to 1976. But there is little coverage of the security forces, and there is little available to cover the Sudanese army’s more specifically military record. Thus it is worthwhile to draw the available scattered threads together to start to form a basis for further research. The Sudanese Armed Forces’ frequent political involvement will be signposted and wound in as necessary—ultimately armies are a function of their governments—but is not the function of this article. What emerges is scattered fragments on military forces and operations, overlaid on the unrelenting drumbeat of horrible details from the first Sudanese civil war.
Jean-Paul Sartre and Jean-Luc Marion
Authors: Vinolo Stéphane , Becker Brian
Published: April 2022

Jean-Paul Sartre is not an influential author in the work of Jean-Luc Marion. Yet, as is the case for the phenomenology of givenness, Sartre thinks love in terms of God. However, for Marion, Sartre is exemplary of those authors who have remained prisoner to metaphysics and to thinking God as the causa sui. By comparing the Sartrean and Marionian conceptions of love, the author shows that both are based on radically different conceptions of divinity, demonstrating at the same time how the link between God and being determines human love.
Nicholas of Cusa’s Mystical Theology in Jean-Luc Marion’s Phenomenology of Affectivity
Authors: Pizzi Matías Ignacio
Published: April 2022

The main goal of this paper is to analyze Nicholas of Cusa’s reading on the dispute of Mystical Theology through Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology of givenness. To do this, first of all, we will address the analyses offered by Jean-Luc Marion on the problem of affectivity. Secondly, we examine Nicholas’ interpretation of Mystical Theology through the aenigma of the eicona dei in De visione dei (1453). Thirdly, we present Jean-Luc Marion’s interpretation of Cusanus eicona dei as an antecedent of his phenomenological conception of Icone as “saturated phenomenon.” Finally, we suggest that Cusanus eicona dei appears in Jean-Luc Marion’s phenomenology as a precedent of his strategy when approaching the field of affectivity. Both authors try to show an instance preceding the distinction between affectivity and rationality.
Empirical Low-Dimensional Dynamics of Atmospheric Stable Boundary Layer Temperature Inversions
Authors: Ramsey Elizabeth , Monahan Adam H.
Published: April 2022

The atmospheric stable boundary layer (SBL) is observed to display multiple regimes of stratification, flow, and turbulence. Transitions between weakly stable regimes of sustained turbulence and very stable regimes of weak turbulence are observed to occur abruptly. The understanding and predictability of turbulent recovery remains limited, reducing the accuracy of numerical weather prediction and climate projections. Idealized SBL models have related regimes to dynamically stable equilibria. Under conditions of weak energetic surface coupling, two stable branches separated by an unstable branch are predicted by these models. Such bifurcation structures are associated with rapid transitions. This work investigates the extent to which observed temperature inversion variability can be described by an empirical one-dimensional stochastic differential equation (SDE). The drift and diffusion coefficients of the SDE of observed inversion strength are approximated from statistics of their averaged time tendencies, conditioned on wind speed. Functional forms of the state dependence of these coefficients are estimated using Gaussian process regression. Probabilistic estimates of the system’s deterministic equilibria are found and used to create empirical bifurcation diagrams of inversion strength as a function of wind speed. These data-driven bifurcation structures are first obtained from idealized model simulations, then repeated for observations from several meteorological towers. It is found that the effective low-dimensional dynamics of observed temperature inversions is similar to that of the idealized model. Evidence of multiple equilibria and hysteresis is found at a single site, Dome C, Antarctica, but is not robust to variations in the analysis. Evidence of state-dependent noise consistent with intermittent turbulence under very stably stratified conditions is presented.
Corrigendum
Authors: Prasanth Sai , Chavas Daniel R. , Marks Frank D. , Dubey S. , Shreevastava A.
Published: April 2022

This corrigendum corrects the time-averaged plots of the kinetic energy transfer terms in our published article.
Emotional Intelligence, Burnout, and Wellbeing Among Residents as a Result of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kirkpatrick Heather , Wasfie Tarik , Laykova Alexandra , Barber Kimberly , Hella Jennifer , Vogel Mark
Published: April 2022

Background

We previously reported the correlation between emotional intelligence (EI) with burnout/wellbeing in our PGY-1 residents, finding that EI moderated the development of burnout in the PGY-1 year. When COVID-19 arrived in early 2020, we were already collecting EI and burnout data for the 2019-2020 year. We elected to follow those residents throughout the year and compare them to the subsequent cohort to study the effect of the pandemic on their burnout and wellbeing and the influence of EI on this pattern.

Materials and Methods

All residents entering the training program (PGY-1) 2019-2020 (SURGE) & 2020-2021 (POST-SURGE) were administered the emotional intelligence questionnaire short form (TEIQue-SF), the Maslach burnout inventory, and the physician’s wellness inventory. The questionnaires were completed quarterly. Statistical analysis included ANOVA. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained prior to the study.

Results

The overall combined PGY-1 residents year (n = 73) mean EI was 3.9 with no differences between academic year groups. The domains of burnout and physician wellbeing were examined across four different time points during the resident’s first year. Domain scores changed over the four time periods during the first year. There was a relative decrease in achievement by 3.4 points, decrease in career purpose by 1.8 points, decrease in cognitive flexibility by .6 points and increase in distress by 4.1 points. Emotional exhaustion increased significantly more for the SURGE 2019-2020 group compared to the POST-SURGE 2020-2021 group (a relative 77% change). Emotional intelligence was independently assessed within each domain at baseline and for changes over time.

Discussion

Patterns of burnout and wellbeing were different with the COVID-19 SURGE group compared to the COVID-19 POST-SURGE group, perhaps because of differing expectations of the PGY-1 year participants but also perhaps due to the destabilizing effect of the first COVID-19 surge.
An Examination of the Reciprocal Relations Between Treatment by Others, Anger, and Antisocial Behavior: A Partial Test of General Strain Theory
Authors: Kondrat Allison G. , Connolly Eric J.
Published: April 2022

General Strain Theory (GST) has received an impressive amount of empirical attention. However, much remains unknown about the role of sources of strain argued to be conducive to negative emotionality—such as perceived unjust treatment—on changes in anger and antisocial behavior over time. The current study aimed to begin to address this gap in the literature by assessing the relationship between changes in perceived unjust treatment, anger, and antisocial behavior across 8 years of the life course. Results from a series of auto-regressive cross-lagged models show support for GST, as well as offer evidence for new lines of empirical investigation. The reported findings offer some of the first evidence for a developmental cascade model of GST.
Beyond Sexual Assault Prevention: Targeted Outcomes for Empowerment Self-Defense
Authors: Beaujolais Brieanne
Published: April 2022

Empowerment Self-Defense (ESD) has been shown to be effective in reducing risk of sexual assault victimization among women, but because research in this area is still in its infancy, less is known about additional intervention outcomes that may explain how and why the intervention is effective and about other ways that ESD affects students. The purpose of this study was to examine ESD instructor perspectives about intervention outcomes they perceive to be most important for their students. Using qualitative case-study methodology, interviews from 15 ESD instructors from the United States and Canada were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis, which yielded six themes: Agency, boundaries, core beliefs, health and healing, somatic experiences, and gender and intersectionality, with each theme having two or more subthemes. Although some of these outcomes have been quantitatively evaluated in previous ESD studies, over half ( n = 10) have not yet been empirically measured and are the focus of this article. These 10 outcomes include enactment, self-determination, nonverbal communication, relationship quality, self-worth, healing, physical strength and power, downregulation, support and solidarity, and societal-level changes. In addition to developing standardized tools to measure these outcomes, future research should quantitatively evaluate these outcomes across diverse student populations and explore their effect on producing the profound outcome associated with ESD, which is reduced risk for sexual assault victimization.
Unitary Caring Science: A Hermeneutic-Phenomenological Research Method
Authors: Butcher Howard K.
Published: April 2022

All phenomenological research, including descriptive phenomenological methods, are theory based. The knowledge in a discipline is built using discipline-specific methods. The purpose of this article is to develop and describe the processes of a mode of inquiry specific to caring in nursing theories housed within the unitary caring paradigm. Morgan’s practical framework examining ontological-epistemological-methodological linkages was used to develop the unitary-caring hermeneutic phenomenological research method The method is specific to conducting hermeneutic phenomenological research within Watson’s unitary caring science and Smith’s theory of unitary caring. The method includes a process of linking and interpreting themes generated from the textual analysis of participant descriptions of the caring phenomena to concepts in the specific unitary caring theory that informs the researcher’s a priori theoretical perspective to develop a theoretical understanding of the experience and contribute to the development of unitary caring nursing science.
Healing from Childhood Loss
Authors: Mefford Linda C.
Published: April 2022

Childhood loss creates environmental challenges that disrupt the integrity of body-mind-spirit, having profound lifelong effects on both health outcomes and life satisfaction. The author in this report describes a middle-range theory of healing childhood loss, which can be used to guide practice and research. Theoretical influences are Levine’s conservation model of nursing, the theory of chronic sorrow, and the adverse childhood experiences pyramid. Strategies to support healing of childhood loss are particularly needed and timely during this worldwide COVID-19 pandemic, with prolonged disruption of normal childhood activities and concern about a possible increased incidence of adverse childhood experiences.
A new look at asymmetric effect of oil price changes on inflation: Evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Sek Siok Kun
Published: April 2022

The existing literature that examined the effect of oil price on domestic price inflation only focused on consumer price at an aggregate level. The studies that focused on producer and production levels, and based on disaggregated data are very lack. Besides, previous studies also mainly applied the linear regression approach in studying the effect of oil price. This study seeks to explore the mentioned issues by focusing on sectoral consumer (CPI), industrial (IPI), and producer (PPI) prices of Malaysia. The Markov-switching (MS) regression technique is applied. The models are innovated by incorporating the asymmetric effects of oil price changes. The results reveal different reactions of sectoral domestic price inflation to oil price changes. The oil price has asymmetric effects on domestic price inflation with higher impacts on industrial and producer prices than the consumer price. The effect is larger in sectors that have higher linkages with oil/ energy resources. These sectors are oil-intensive and are sensitive to oil price changes. Among these sectors are the CPI transportation sector, IPI manufacturing, and electrical sectors as well as PPI fuel, chemicals, and manufacturing sectors. However, oil is not the main factor causes to domestic inflation. The main determinants of inflation are real exchange rate, aggregate supply, and demand. Besides, the policy decisions are also influential on price stability. The sectors of CPI transportation, PPI animals & vegetable oils, and PPI fuel have a high tendency to increase prices and should be well-monitored.
Adherence to practice guidelines for the management of febrile neutropenia in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An observational study in a referral center in Iran
Authors: Ekhtiari Kolour Seyedeh Reyhaneh , Shahrami Bita , Kargar Mona , Taghvaye Masoumi Hamidreza , Amini Shahideh , Vaezi Mohammad , Hadjibabaie Molouk , Mohammadi Mehdi , Sadeghi Kourosh
Published: April 2022

Introduction

Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are suspected to develop febrile neutropenia (FN) and severe infections. Therefore, appropriate prescription of antibiotics in these patients is crucial to reduce the rates of morbidity, mortality, and antimicrobial resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the physicians’ prescription and adherence to the FN clinical guidelines among patients undergoing HSCT.

Methods

This prospective observational single-center study was conducted during a 15-month period in a tertiary referral hospital in Iran. The patients with at least one episode of FN following HSCT were included in the current study. The physicians’ adherence to the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) clinical guidelines for the management of FN was evaluated using prescription data and medical record reviews.

Results

Two hundred and fifteen patients with 297 FN episodes were evaluated. The timing of antibiotics and the selection of the initial regimen were considered guideline-based therapy. However, antibiotic dosing and initial regimen modification were not followed in terms of the guideline recommendations in 58.1% of the patients. In particular, vancomycin was inappropriately given in 83.1% of patients. The overall adherence of physicians to the guidelines was 35.8%.

Conclusion

Non-adherence to clinical guidelines is high particularly in initial regimen modification and administration of vancomycin, which affects hospital stay and patient's outcome. Implementation of guideline-review sessions to raise the awareness of the physicians and to improve the rational use of antimicrobial agents may be crucial.