bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corona-Krise senkt deutschen Energieverbrauch
Authors: Häuser Wolfgang
Published: October 2021

Die Corona-Krise hat im Jahr 2020 weltweit deutliche volkswirtschaftliche Bremsspuren hinterlassen. So ging das Bruttoinlandsprodukt in Deutschland um 5 % gegenüber 2019 zurück. Auch im Energie- und Umweltsektor gab es 2020 deutliche Veränderungen zu beobachten, die zu nicht unerheblichen Teilen der Pandemiebekämpfung zuzurechnen sind.
Preisalgorithmen und stillschweigende Kollusion
Authors: Hettich Matthias , Trede Mark
Published: October 2021

Preisalgorithmen ersetzen zunehmend die menschliche Preissetzung im E-Commerce. Um die wettbewerbspolitischen Folgen dieser Entwicklung besser verstehen zu können, zeigen wir das Verhalten von selbstlernenden Preisalgorithmen in einer simulierten Marktumgebung. Die auf künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) basierenden Algorithmen koordinieren ihre Preise ohne Kommunikation. Sie lernen klassische Kollusionsstrategien mit einer Bestrafungsphase und anschließender Rückkehr zur Kooperation.
Marketing-Automation
Authors: Kreutzer Ralf T.
Published: October 2021

Der Automatisierung von Marketing-Prozessen kommt im Kontext des Customer-Relationship-Managements (CRM) heute eine zunehmende Bedeutung zu. Die Treiber dahinter sind zum einen die gestiegenen Anforderungen der Interessenten und Kunden an eine personalisierte und individualisierte Ansprache. Zum anderen trägt auch die Vielzahl der Kommunikationswege sowie die möglichen Inhalte der jeweiligen Ansprache zu einer großen Vielfalt möglicher Kombinationen bei. Ohne eine Unterstützung durch die Marketing-Automation-Tools kann diese nicht bewältigt werden.
EFECTOS DE LA MARCHA NÓRDICA SOBRE LA RESISTENCIA AERÓBICA DE ADULTOS MAYORES
Authors: Jódar Reverte M. , Paredes Ruiz M.J. , Martínez González-Moro I. , Ferrer López V.
Published: October 2021

Introducción: El Objetivo fue evaluar los efectos sobre la resistencia aeróbica de un programa de ejercicio físico basado en la marcha nórdica para la mejora de la condición física en adultos mayores. Metodología: La población se compuso de 29 sujetos, los cuales realizaron un programa de marcha nórdica de doce semanas de duración, con un mínimo de dos sesiones semanales. Se llevaron a cabo dos mediciones; una previa y otra posterior, mediante prueba de esfuerzo. Resultados: La población mostró mejoras significativas en cuanto a la intensidad alcanzada durante la prueba de esfuerzo. Así mismo se observaron aumentos significativos (p<0,05) en las variables consumo de oxígeno y frecuencia cardíaca. Conclusiones: El programa de marcha nórdica ha aumentado la condición física de nuestra población, encontrando mejoras a nivel cardiorrespiratorio tanto en hombres como mujeres.
¿UNA «NOVA ESCOLA DE BARCELONA»? DIÁLOGOS ESTÉTICOS Y NARRATIVOS EN EL CINE REALIZADO POR MUJERES EN CATALUÑA
Authors: Vilaró Arnau
Published: October 2021

Desde hace unos años, el cine catalán tiene rostro de mujer. Mar Coll, Liliana Torres, Nely Reguera, Carla Simón, Celia Rico, Meritxell Colell, o Belén Funes. Todas ellas se conocen, comparten procesos, proyectos educativos y sus óperas primas han sido seleccionadas en festivales internacionales, lo que pone en evidencia la existencia de un movimiento que podría dar nombre a una «Nova Escola de Barcelona», esta vez formada por mujeres, y cuyo estudio se revela fundamental para entender la ficción contemporánea en el conjunto del estado español. ¿De dónde surge este espacio de creación protagonizado por mujeres cineastas? ¿Qué procesos comparten y cómo estos influyen en sus obras? ¿Cuáles son sus motivos, sus filiaciones, sus intereses narrativos y estéticos o los referentes que captan su atención? Este artículo intentará arrojar luz a los rasgos que constituyen una nueva ola de jóvenes cineastas que trabajan en Barcelona y cuya fecha de nacimiento encontramos en Tres días con la familia (Tres dies amb la família, 2009).
Quality Improvement of Primary Care Provider Communication on Hospital Discharge
Authors: Goodrich Nathaniel , Dolter Stephen , Snow Joseph , Stoolman Sharon , Kerns Ellen , McCulloh Russell
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Effective communication between inpatient and primary care providers (PCPs) is important for safe transition of care for hospitalized patients. In 2017, communication with PCPs was prioritized for the pediatric hospital medicine division. Our primary aim was to improve documented attempted communication with PCPs within 72 hours of discharge from 41% to at least 60% by January 1, 2018, and maintain this performance through 2019.

METHODS

This study included all inpatient encounters discharged by a pediatric hospital medicine provider from March 2017 to April 2020. An electronic health record phrase debuted March 2017. Successful documentation was defined as any attempt to contact the PCP, regardless of whether actual communication occurred. Group and individual audit and feedback occurred in July 2017 to April 2020. Provider communication was financially incentivized in July 2018 to June 2019. An annotated P-chart for the proportion of encounters with documented PCP communication occurring within 72 hours was established. Special-cause variation was determined by using Shewhart rules.

RESULTS

The mean proportion of encounters with documented PCP communication increased from 41% at baseline (March 2017 through July 2017) to 60% in August 2017 and 66% in December 2017. After the financial incentive was removed in July 2019, documentation decreased to 54%. Phone calls with clinic staff were the most common communication method (40% to 71%). Direct conversations with the PCP occurred rarely (0% to 3%).

CONCLUSIONS

Even when coupled with audit and feedback with EHR interventions, our work suggests that shifting to external financial motivation may hinder sustainability of behavior change to improve attempted documented PCP communication.
Pediatric ECMO Candidates at Non-ECMO Centers: Transfer, Cannulate, or Treat Locally?
Authors: Bateman Scot T. , Johnson Amanda C. , Tiber David , Gauguet Stefanie , Fortier Lauren , Valentine Stacey
Published: October 2021

Pediatric inpatient and intensive care specialists working outside of tertiary medical centers confront difficult clinical scenarios related to how best to care for extremely ill children who may or may not benefit from advanced medical technology, and these clinicians are often faced with limited local availability. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a technology that is only available at a subset of tertiary care centers, and the decision to risk the transfer of a child for the potential benefit of ECMO is challenging. This article is aimed at addressing the main factors and ethical principles related to this decision-making: (1) whether ECMO is the standard of care, (2) clinical decision analysis of the risks and benefits, (3) informed consent and education of the parents and/or guardians, and (4) institutional leadership decision-making. A decisional framework is proposed that incorporates a thoughtful shared decision-making algorithm.
Improving Efficiency of Primary Care Provider Communication for Uncomplicated Admissions
Authors: Ostermeier Austin , Ferro Erica , Voet Shelly , Warniment Amanda , Albrecht Jennifer , Manfroy Pierre , Gosdin Craig
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Communication between inpatient pediatric hospital medicine (HM) and primary care providers (PCPs) is important for quality care. As provider workload increases, it is important to focus on a means to improve communication efficiency. Our goal was to increase the percentage of HM admissions using 1-way communication from 0% to 35% over a 16-month period.

METHODS

HM providers and PCPs collaborated to identify 12 admission diagnoses for which 1-way communication could be used. Using quality improvement methods, we studied the implementation of “Leave a Message” (LAM) calls for 1-way communication and providing PCPs with the option to place a return call. Control charts were used to track LAM call use and balancing measures of PCP return phone calls, additional PCP communications, and 7-day readmissions over time.

RESULTS

A total of 778 LAM calls were placed by HM providers over 16 months. The percentage of LAM calls out of all PCP calls placed ranged from 0% to 35% during this time, increasing significantly during winter months and before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Only 0.4% (n = 3) of LAM calls were returned by PCPs. Estimated PCP return phone calls were reduced by 11.1 calls per week.

CONCLUSIONS

We created a system for 1-way telephone communication between HM providers and PCPs for common, simple admissions and reduced the need for PCP return phone calls. The low percentage of LAM calls returned by PCPs may suggest that 1-way communication is adequate for most simple admissions.
Targeted Clinical Interventions for Reducing Pediatric Readmissions
Authors: Pugh Karen , Granger David , Lusk Jennifer , Feaster William , Weiss Michael , Wright Dominique , Ehwerhemuepha Louis
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

In this interventional study, we addressed the selection and application of clinical interventions on pediatric patients identified as at risk by a predictive model for readmissions.

METHODS

A predictive model for readmissions was implemented, and a team of providers expanded corresponding clinical interventions for at-risk patients at a freestanding children’s hospital. Interventions encompassed social determinants of health, outpatient care, medication reconciliation, inpatient and discharge planning, and postdischarge calls and/or follow-up. Statistical process control charts were used to compare readmission rates for the 3-year period preceding adoption of the model and clinical interventions with those for the 2-year period after adoption of the model and clinical interventions. Potential financial savings were estimated by using national estimates of the cost of pediatric inpatient readmissions.

RESULTS

The 30-day all-cause readmission rates during the periods before and after predictive modeling (and corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CI]) were 12.5% (95% CI: 12.2%–12.8%) and 11.1% (95% CI: 10.8%–11.5%), respectively. More modest but similar improvements were observed for 7-day readmissions. Statistical process control charts indicated nonrandom reductions in readmissions after predictive model adoption. The national estimate of the cost of pediatric readmissions indicates an associated health care savings due to reduced 30-day readmission during the 2-year predictive modeling period at $2 673 264 (95% CI: $2 612 431–$2 735 364).

CONCLUSIONS

A combination of predictive modeling and targeted clinical interventions to improve the management of pediatric patients at high risk for readmission was successful in reducing the rate of readmission and reducing overall health care costs. The continued prioritization of patients with potentially modifiable outcomes is key to improving patient outcomes.
Deployed: One Pediatric Department’s Experience of Adult Care During COVID-19
Authors: Hodo Laura Nell , Douglas Lindsey C. , Lee Diana S. , Bhadriraju Srividya , Wilson Karen M.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES

The number of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients in March 2020 to April 2020 in our New York City hospital required increased physician staffing, including deployment of pediatricians to adult care. To improve the deployment process, we sought to understand the mindset, preparations for, and experience during deployment of pediatric faculty in our institution.

METHODS

Faculty members of the Department of Pediatrics completed pre- and postsurveys evaluating perspectives, fears, and preparations relevant to deployment. Demographic characteristics of the faculty members were collected. Survey questions included Likert scale, multiple choice, and free-text responses. Descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, and χ2 test were used to compare groups. Free-text responses were categorized by topic. Survey responses were shared with leadership in real time and adjustments to the deployment process made.

RESULTS

The predeployment survey was sent to 202 pediatric faculty members, with a 29% (n = 59) completion rate. Of the 36 deployed faculty, 29 (81%) completed all items of the postsurvey. The majority (74%, n = 42) expressed discomfort with care of adults and fear and/or nervousness about deployment (61%, n = 35). Most faculty (88%, n = 52) prepared for deployment and cited local guidelines and published literature as helpful preparation materials (55%, n = 16). Dissemination of details about schedules and role clarification before deployment were areas for improvement.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric faculty facing deployment to adult care have concerns about the process of deployment as well as the work itself. Specific information distributed in advance, along with consistent and frequent communication, may help mitigate these fears.
Changes in Antibiotic Treatment for Children With Lyme Meningitis 2015–2020
Authors: Roelf Kelly M. , Garro Aris , Monuteaux Michael C. , Nigrovic Lise E.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES

Although ceftriaxone has been the first-line treatment of Lyme meningitis, the 2020 Infectious Disease Society of America, American College of Rheumatology, and American Academy of Neurology guideline recommends either doxycycline or ceftriaxone. Our objective was to explore recent trends in enteral antibiotic treatment of children with Lyme meningitis.

METHODS

Using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes for case identification, we performed a multicenter retrospective study of patients ≤21 years of age presenting to a pediatric hospital contributing to the Pediatric Health Information System who were diagnosed with Lyme meningitis from 2015 to 2020. Our primary outcome was treatment with parenteral antibiotics, defined by either a procedure code for indwelling catheter placement or >7 days of inpatient parenteral Lyme disease–specific therapy. To examine trends over the study period, we used a generalized estimating equation, with parenteral antibiotics as the dependent variable and study year as the independent variable, adjusted for patient age, sex, race, ethnicity, and insurance status clustered by hospital.

RESULTS

We identified 239 patients with Lyme meningitis treated at 24 participating centers. Overall, 48 (20.0%) were treated with parenteral antibiotics, with a declining rate over the study period (43.8% in 2015 to 8.9% in 2020). After adjustment, the odds of treatment with a parenteral antibiotic decreased over the study period (adjusted odds ratio 0.57; 95% confidence interval 0.41–0.80).

CONCLUSIONS

Parenteral antibiotic treatment of children with Lyme meningitis has been on the decline in advance of the published clinical guideline. Carefully designed comparative effectiveness studies are needed to examine the effect of oral versus parenteral treatment regimens on clinical outcomes.
Research and Career Outcomes for Pediatric Hospital Medicine Fellowship Graduates
Authors: Rassbach Caroline E. , Fiore Darren ,   COUNCIL OF PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL MEDICINE FELLOWSHIP DIRECTORS
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVES

Pediatric hospital medicine (PHM) fellowships have rapidly developed to meet established needs. The purpose of this research was to describe the research and career outcomes of PHM fellowship graduates. We hypothesized that graduates would report significant research and academic productivity.

METHODS

This was an institutional review board–approved, cross-sectional survey of PHM fellowship graduates in 2018. The 88-item survey was modified from an existing survey, developed by experts to address study objectives and pilot tested, and it included quantitative and qualitative items to assess characteristics of fellowship training and research and career outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 63% of PHM fellowship graduates (143 of 228) completed the survey (graduation dates, 2000–2018). In total, 89% graduated from dedicated PHM fellowship programs, with 59% completing a 2-year fellowship and 78% now practicing primarily at a university or children’s hospital. Fellows conducted research in clinical research (53%), quality improvement (41%), health services (24%), and medical education (19%). A total of 77% of graduates continued to do research after graduation, with 63% publishing and 25% obtaining grant funding. Graduates of 2- and 3-year fellowships and those with a master’s degree were significantly more productive. Graduates now hold important roles in academic and health systems leadership. Graduates are highly satisfied with their decision to do PHM fellowship and identified 5 themes regarding how fellowship impacted their career outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we document robust research activity and leadership positions among PHM fellowship graduates and can serve as a benchmark for metrics that PHM educational leaders can use to assess outcomes and improve training regarding research and career development.
Flying Solo: Effectiveness of Attendingless Family-Centered Rounds on Improving Resident Autonomy
Authors: Jain Priya N. , Hametz Patricia , Banker Sumeet L. , Escalante Enrique , Gutierrez Fatima , Dodoo Christopher , Dwivedi Alok K. , Beck Jimmy , Fromme H. Barrett
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires that residents demonstrate increasing autonomy during their training. Although residents report a better educational environment with hospitalists present during family-centered rounds (FCRs), there is a concern that attending presence may reduce resident autonomy. We aim to determine the effect of FCRs without an attending during rounds on senior residents’ sense of autonomy.

METHODS

We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, preintervention-postintervention study at 5 children’s hospitals to evaluate the effect of rounding without an attending on senior residents’ self-efficacy, using a questionnaire developed by using Bandura’s principles of self-efficacy and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education milestones. Questions addressed skills of diagnosis and/or management, communication, teaching, and team management. We compared preintervention and postintervention results using paired t tests and Wilcoxon rank tests. One-way analysis of variance tests were used to compare means among >2 groups.

RESULTS

116 (82% response rate) of 142 eligible senior residents completed the questionnaire, which yielded a high reliability (α = 0.80) with a 1-factor score. The average composite score of self-efficacy significantly improved after intervention compared with the preintervention score (66.71 ± 6.95 vs 60.91 ± 6.82; P < .001). Additional analyses revealed meaningful improvement of each individual item postintervention. The highest gain was reported in directing bedside teaching (71.8% vs 42.5%; P < .001) and answering learner questions on rounds (70.7% vs 47.0%; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Conducting FCRs without an attending increases resident reported self-efficacy regarding core elements of patient care and team leadership. In future studies, researchers should examine the impact of rounding without the attending on other stakeholders, such as students, interns, patients and/or families.
Reversal of epidural xylazine in Egyptian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) with atipamezole
Authors: Shokry M. M , Elkasapy A. H.
Published: October 2021

The reversal of epidural xylazine, induced with IV atipamezole was evaluated in 15 buffaloes. Atipamezole at different dose rates (5, 10 and 15 µg/kg) injected 30 minutes after epidural xylazine provoked visible signs of arousal shortly after inection in all buffaloes without any side effects. The mean arousal times were 4.8±0.84 min, 2.4±0.24 min and 2.0±0.00 min while the mean total recovery times were 61.0±2.6 min, 33.0±3.7 min and 32.0±4.3 min following doses of 5, 10 and 15 µg/kg atipamezole respectively. The heart, respiratory and ruminal rates were mildly influenced. Overall, the IV atipamezole at a dose rate of 10 µg/kg was found effective and satisfactory for reversing the analgesic, sedative and cardiopulmonary depression effects induced by epidural xylazine administration in buffaloes.
Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for trauma-exposed patients in an outpatient setting: A clinical chart review study
Authors: Davis Alan K. , Mangini Pratheek , Xin Yitong
Published: October 2021

Trauma exposure across the lifespan produces risks for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, as well as global disability in functioning. This retrospective clinical chart review is the first of its kind to assess the utility of sublingual ketamine-assisted body-centered psychotherapy in trauma-exposed patients in a real world clinic setting. De-identified clinical records data on self-reported symptom measures were retrospectively analyzed for patients (N = 18; M
age = 45.22, SD = 12.90) entering ketamine-assisted psychotherapy treatment in an outpatient clinic between 2018 and 2020. Patients who completed six sessions of ketamine therapy reported meaningful (e.g., medium effect size) improvements in PTSD symptoms (P = 0.058; d = −0.48) and global disability in functioning (P = 0.050; d = −0.52) and statistically significant and meaningful improvements in depression (P = 0.019; d = −0.53). There were no improvements in anxiety symptoms. Sublingual ketamine-assisted psychotherapy was associated with heterogenous clinical utility among patients with trauma-exposure in an outpatient setting. This study was underpowered and unrepresentative of the population of ketamine patients in the United States. Replication of these findings is needed with larger and more diverse patient samples.
Analytical Review of Audiovisual Systems for Determining Personal Protective Equipment on a Person's Face
Authors: Dvoynikova Anastasia , Markitantov Maxim , Ryumina Elena , Ryumin Dmitry , Karpov Alexey
Published: October 2021

Since 2019 all countries of the world have faced the rapid spread of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus infection, the fight against which continues to the present day by the world community. Despite the obvious effectiveness of personal respiratory protection equipment against coronavirus infection, many people neglect the use of protective face masks in public places. Therefore, to control and timely identify violators of public health regulations, it is necessary to apply modern information technologies that will detect protective masks on people's faces using video and audio information. The article presents an analytical review of existing and developing intelligent information technologies for bimodal analysis of the voice and facial characteristics of a masked person. There are many studies on the topic of detecting masks from video images, and a significant number of cases containing images of faces both in and without masks obtained by various methods can also be found in the public access. Research and development aimed at detecting personal respiratory protection equipment by the acoustic characteristics of human speech is still quite small, since this direction began to develop only during the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus infection. Existing systems allow to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection by recognizing the presence/absence of masks on the face, and these systems also help in remote diagnosis of COVID-19 by detecting the first symptoms of a viral infection by acoustic characteristics. However, to date, there is a number of unresolved problems in the field of automatic diagnosis of COVID-19 and the presence/absence of masks on people's faces. First of all, this is the low accuracy of detecting masks and coronavirus infection, which does not allow for performing automatic diagnosis without the presence of experts (medical personnel). Many systems are not able to operate in real time, which makes it impossible to control and monitor the wearing of protective masks in public places. Also, most of the existing systems cannot be built into a smartphone, so that users be able to diagnose the presence of coronavirus infection anywhere. Another major problem is the collection of data from patients infected with COVID-19, as many people do not agree to distribute confidential information.
Contextual and individual factors associated with oral health literacy in adolescents: A multi-level approach
Authors: Neves Érick Tássio Barbosa , Firmino Ramon Targino , Costa Edja Maria Melo de Brito , Paiva Saul Martins , Ferreira Fernanda Morais , Granville-Garcia Ana Flávia
Published: October 2021

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the association of contextual and individual factors with Oral Health literacy (OHL) in early adolescence. This is a population-based cross-sectional study carried out with 740 12-year-old adolescents randomly selected by a two-stage probabilistic cluster sampling process from schools in Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians provided sociodemographic information. Adolescents answered the Brazilian version of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES III) to measure family functioning, and the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) to measure OHL. Descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by robust Poisson’s regression analysis for complex samples with a multilevel approach (p<0.05). Rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The two levels of the analysis were students and schools. Adolescents enrolled at schools with higher grade-retention rate had slightly worse OHL scores (RR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98 to 0.99). The following individual factors were associated with the level of OHL: the female sex (RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.10), mother’s schooling more than eight years (RR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.19), younger guardians (RR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90 to 0.97) and a balanced family functioning (RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.14). Individual and contextual factors were associated with OHL in early adolescence.
CO2 laser irradiation for debonding ceramic orthodontic brackets
Authors: Matos Denise Souza , Küchler Erika Calvano , Borsatto Maria Cristina , Matsumoto Mirian Aiko Nakane , Marques Fernanda Vicioni , Romano Fábio Lourenço
Published: October 2021

Abstract This study evaluated shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) and fracture mode of chemically and mechanically retained ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser. The null hypothesis was that ceramic brackets bonded with different composite resins and irradiated with CO2 laser would have similar SBS values. Ninety human premolars were divided into four experimental groups according to the combination of type of composite resin (Transbond XT and Z 250) and type of ceramic bracket (Fascination and Mystique), and two control groups (n=15). In the four experimental groups, the brackets were irradiated with CO2 laser at 10 W for 3 seconds before SBS testing. Enamel surface ARI was calculated after debonding under electron microscopy scanning. ANOVA and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. The laser groups had lower SBS values than the non-irradiated groups (control) (p<0.05). The mechanically retained brackets (Mystique) had the higher (p<0.05) and Z250 had the lower SBS values after CO2 laser irradiation. The groups bonded with Z250 had the highest ARI. Adhesive fractures were the most prevalent. The null hypothesis was rejected. CO2 laser decreased SBS efficiently and facilitated debonding of mechanically and chemically retained ceramic brackets.
Charcoal-based dentifrices and powders: analyses of product labels, Instagram engagement, and altmetrics
Authors: Bauler Laura D. , Santos Cinthia S. dos , Lima Giana S. , Moraes Rafael R.
Published: October 2021

Abstract This study identified charcoal-based dentifrices and abrasive powders sold in Brazil and analyzed their label information. The products were searched in four online shopping platforms. The same products were searched on Instagram and their engagement metrics were investigated. Furthermore, a literature review of international publications assessing charcoal dentifrices and powders was conducted, and altmetrics were collected (Altmetric and PlumX). Thirty-six products were found with prices between $0.4-22 USD. Most frequent words in product description were sodium, stain, whitening, oil, xylitol, and coconut. Only 3 products contained fluoride. Bactericidal, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities were indicated, in addition to non-scientific claims such as calming teeth or increasing oral immunity. In total, 72% of products had Instagram profiles, which generally showed low engagement rates (81%) and medium audience quality scores (65%). Twenty-two articles were found in the literature, from which 21 were in vitro studies. The single clinical study was sponsored by a charcoal product and had no control group. In total, 23% of studies showed positive results and 55% reported negative results for the charcoal products, which included no whitening ability, increased roughness, surface alterations, and lower demineralization prevention ability. Altmetric scores for the included articles varied from 0 to 55, with 40.9% of studies mentioned online. In conclusion, charcoal-based products are using marketing strategies on Instagram but their current engagement with the public is not high. Consumers are being exposed to charcoal products whose potential risks to health are still unknown.
Comparative analysis of various sources of selenium on the growth performance and antioxidant status in broilers under heat stress
Authors: Gul F. , Ahmad B. , Afzal S. , Ullah A. , Khan S. , Aman K. , Khan M. T. , Hadi F. , Kiran K. , Zahra M. , Maqbool T. , Mohsin U. , Nadeem T. , Javed M. A. , Ali Q. , Ahmad L.
Published: October 2021

Abstract The supplementation of Selenium-enriched probiotics is effective in reducing oxidative stress and maintaining meat quality stability in broiler chicken especially under heat stress. An experimental study was conducted to perform Comparative analysis of Selenium yeast with inorganic Se in broilers under heat stress. A total of 120 broilers chicks of one day were assigned to 4 groups each consisting 30 chicks fed on same basal diet but different selenium sources. The basal diet of group D1 was not supplemented with Se source (Negative control), group D2 basal diet was supplemented with inorganic selenium (Sodium selenite 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase), group D3 basal diet was supplemented with commercially available organic selenium (Seleno-methionine 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase) and group D4 basal diet was supplemented with self-developed organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast 0.22mg/Kg starter phase and 0.15mg/Kg finisher phase). The performance parameters i.e. feed intake (FI), live body weight (BW) and FCR were not significantly (p>0.05) effected by selenium supplementation in the starter phase but were significantly (p<0.05) effected in the finisher phase. Selenium supplementation significantly (p<0.05) effected serum Se level in different supplemented groups. Higher serum Se value (58.20±0.06) was recorded in D4 group. Similarly significantly lower selenium value was recorded for D4 and higher was recorded for D1 (11.36±0.08). However lower serum Paraoxonase (PON) value was recorded for D4 (13.24±0.01) and higher for D1 (13.33±0.03). Comparatively self-developed Se enriched yeast increased the Se accumulation and improved antioxidant system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was found higher in D4 (12.333±0.03) followed by D3, D2 and D1 respectively. Whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower (p<0.05) in D4 (0.1437±0.003) followed by D3 (0.1457±0.002). Selenium supplementation increased the bird’s survival rate. Birds fed on Se enriched yeast showed higher Se deposition and better antioxidant capacity as compared to other sources of selenium. Se-enriched yeast displayed an improved result on Se deposition in tissues, and oxidative capacity, meat tenderness and immune response level as compared to other sources of selenium.
ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES: ANTECEDENTS OF WELL-BEING AT WORK FOR RURAL SUCCESSORS
Authors: ZAWADZKI PATRICK , TESTON SAYONARA F. , LIZOTE SUZETE A. , ORO IEDA M.
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study sought to explore the relationship between well-being at work and organizational values in rural properties’ successors in a cooperative system. Originality/value: Empirically, the study presents elements for the strategic management of rural properties, especially for the challenge of preparing successors. For cooperatives, it contributes towards presenting elements for members’ management policies and practices. The study also extends the field of studies on well-being at work and the relationship between well-being and values in the organizational environment. Design/methodology/approach: The method design adopted followed a quantitative approach, with a relational scope, survey type, and cross-sectional. Successors representing 119 rural properties in western Santa Catarina participated in the study. Questionnaires assess organizational values and well-being at work as constructs. The descriptive, correlational statistics and structural equations modeling with partial least squares estimation confirm the hypothesis. Findings: The study’s main conclusion suggests that the values of environment dominance and autonomy are associated with commitment, satisfaction, and involvement with work for successors of rural properties in a cooperative system.
FIRM RESOURCES FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMES FROM EMERGING COUNTRIES: A MULTIMETHOD STUDY
Authors: WINCKLER NATÁLIA C. , ZEN AURORA C. , PREVOT FRÉDÉRIC
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article investigates and classifies firm resources for the internationalization of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from emerging countries. Originality/value: SMEs from emerging countries in global markets evidence their more restricted access to resources for internationalization. The mainstream international business literature classifies firm’s resources identified in large companies from developed economies. This research classifies firms’ internationalization resources located in different emerging countries based on a systematic literature review (SLR) and interviews. This paper contributes to the theoretical development about the internationalization of SMEs from emerging countries, indicating the importance of organizational resources in this process. Design/methodology/approach: This paper presents an exploratory research developed in two stages: a SLR on emerging countries and interviews with experts, institutions, and SMEs about the Brazilian context. Bibliographic research and an interview with semi-structured script were adopted as data collection techniques. Interviews were analyzed with NVivo software using content analysis technique and providing categorization of resources. Findings: Up to 2016, 15 works mentioned resources for the internationalization of SMEs from emerging countries and seven were done in Asia. We identified 72 resources in ten emerging countries. Organizational resources predominate. The use of financial resources in Brazil contradicts the trend in other emerging countries. More tangible resources seem less strategic for SMEs’ internationalization from emerging countries when compared to more intangible resources, as organizational ones.
Bruxas de hoje: construção identitária do slowbeauty
Authors: Moura Isabela Braga de , Machado Monica
Published: October 2021

Resumo Esta pesquisa propõe-se a compreender a construção da identidade e a relação com o corpo da comunidade de slowbeauty Vivo Naturalmente. Com base nas teorias da antropologia digital de tradição inglesa, do consumo como processo cultural e dos sentidos atribuídos ao corpo, realiza uma etnografia desvelando os significados por trás das práticas da comunidade e traça um retrato da identidade “bruxesca” construída em suas interações presenciais e online. Através da transformação, que se inicia no ritual de passagem, as integrantes vivem uma retomada do corpo negociando valores e significados sociais das mulheres. O estudo identifica ainda uma busca pela essência feminina aparentemente contraditória, mas que revela o poder feminino, e suas dimensões políticas e sociais.
Constituição do discurso da autonomia de idosas no cotidiano de uma Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos
Authors: Furtado Isadora Queiroz Correa Garchet , Velloso Isabela Silva Câncio , Galdino Carolina Sales
Published: October 2021

Resumo Objetivo analisar a constituição do discurso da autonomia da pessoa idosa em uma Instituição de Longa Permanência, na perspectiva de profissionais e de idosas institucionalizadas. Método pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida na perspectiva do referencial pós-estruturalista, realizada em uma instituição filantrópica da cidade de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de janeiro a março de 2018, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, com 13 profissionais e sete idosas, análise documental e observação e foram submetidos à análise de discurso. Resultados os efeitos da institucionalização na constituição da autonomia das idosas pode ser observado nos discursos das idosas e dos profissionais. A Instituição se constitui num local de disciplina, com rotinas bem estabelecidas, com pouco espaço para a tomada de decisão das idosas. Sua autonomia fica esquecida, pois as rotinas, de certa forma, encobrem seus desejos, suas escolhas e sua própria liberdade. Conclusão para um funcionamento adequado da estrutura, limites e regras fazem-se necessários. Entretanto, é importante considerar que as normas não são utilizadas, unicamente, como instrumento de controle e cerceamento do exercício de tomada de decisão das idosas. A transição epidemiológica exige das instituições mudanças em suas práticas cotidianas, advindas de políticas públicas específicas para as instituições, com a definição clara de seu papel e diretrizes para uma prática qualificada.
O significado da dança circular no imaginário da pessoa idosa
Authors: Silva Kelly Maciel , Nitschke Rosane Gonçalves , Durand Michelle Kuntz , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Tholl Adriana Dutra , Belaunde Aline Megumi Arakawa
Published: October 2021

Resumo Objetivo compreender o significado da dança circular no imaginário da pessoa idosa em seu quotidiano. Método estudo interpretativo, de natureza qualitativa, fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva e do Quotidiano de Michel Maffesoli. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista e observação participante, com 17 idosas praticantes de dança circular em Rodas nas Unidades Primárias de Saúde do Sul Brasil. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos preceitos de análise Shatzman e Strauss, fazendo emergir duas categorias temáticas: Atribuindo significado à dança circular e sentindo por meio da dança circular. Resultados Os participantes apontam que a dança circular, no imaginário da pessoa idosa, apresenta-se inclusiva e acolhedora, favorecendo a sensação de pertencimento e união entre todos, sem perder a sua individualidade e a do outro que compartilha. Para participar da dança é necessário estar centrada em si, no momento vivido, buscando não dispersar do momento vívido. Considerações finais: a dança circular como expressão da vida cotidiana é um espaço de trocas, de presença, do lúdico, do viver coletivo ligado por laços emocionais e pelo afeto que fortalece os laços e ressignifica positivamente o viver.
Milling operation parameter optimization of AA 2024-T351 aluminum alloy material
Authors: Pehlivan Hüseyin
Published: October 2021

The expected quality indicator in the manufacturing industry is the surface roughness (R a). The effects of milling operation parameters on the axial forces and surface roughness of AA 2024-T351 alloy plate were studied. Experiments were carried out on an AA 2024 material using a Hartford four-axis computer numerical control vertical processing center machine and a carbide insert. Axial forces were measured by using a three-component cutting force dynamometer. R a values ranged from 0.2583 to 0.8833 μm and the cutting force from 76 to 305 N. Experimental results showed that cutting forces rose with an increase in cutting speed but R a values decreased with a rise in cutting speed. Also, the depth of cut was the commanding factor followed by spindle speed and feed per tooth. This indicated that cutting depth was the most important factor among the design parameters, followed by cutting speed and feed per tooth. Besides, the response surface methodology was used to investigate the milling parameters on R a and axial forces. Variance analysis was conducted to find the contribution of each component to the results of roughness and forces. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was also performed to see the abrasions on the cutting tool surface.
Effects of inhibitor on chemically deposited ZnO thin films
Authors: Yildizay Hale
Published: October 2021

The zinc oxide thin films were obtained by using the chemical bath deposition method. In the study, sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) was used as an inhibitor at varying rates of 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05 M. The reaction rates were decreased by using Na2SO3 as an inhibitor. According to the X-ray diffractometer results, the inhibitor affected crystallite sizes significantly. The crystallite sizes were decreased from 70 to 11 nm. The optical properties of the films were analyzed by using absorbance measurements. According to the absorbance, the bandgaps were increased from 2.65 to 3.68 eV. The surface resistivity of the films decreased from 3.162 to 0.196 kΩmm.
Numerical analysis of composite disks based on carbon/aramid–epoxy materials
Authors: Kayiran Hüseyin Fırat
Published: October 2021

In this study, the behavior of two different disks consisting of aramid–epoxy and carbon–epoxy materials under a constant temperature was investigated by using the numerical analysis method. In this study, assuming that the modulus of elasticity does not change with temperature, temperature distributions of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100°C were applied. It was found that the radial and tangential stress values calculated at high temperatures were higher than those at low temperatures. It was observed that the absolute tangential stresses were much higher than the radial stresses. It is concluded that the elastic stresses occurring in the carbon–epoxy disk are higher than the elastic stresses in the aramid–epoxy disk.
John Locke, die Kolonien und die Verträge
Authors: Armitage David
Published: October 2021

Verträge sind die wohl verbreitetsten, die alles durchdringenden und dabei doch die am wenigsten begriffenen Bausteine der heutigen internationalen Ordnung. Von Zeit zu Zeit platzen Verträge in das öffentliche Bewusstsein, weil wir uns erinnern, wie wichtig sie dafür sind, die Regeln festzulegen, welche unser Leben und das von Menschen weltweit bestimmen. Denken wir nur, um einige der wichtigsten Beispiele zu nehmen, an solche juristischen Instrumente wie den NATO-Vertrag, das Statut des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs, die Gründungsverträge der Europäischen Union oder das Pariser Klimaabkommen. Solche Verträge sind das Merkmal einer Welt, die in zunehmendem Maß von bilateralen und multilateralen Abkommen bestimmt wird, besonders – aber nicht ausschließlich – solchen zwischen Staaten. Dabei ist die Ausbreitung von Verträgen ein relativ junges, ein spezifisch neuzeitliches Phänomen.
Vom Leben mit Grenzen. Ein Gespräch
Authors: Hugues Pascale
Published: October 2021

Pascale Hugues: Deutsches Glück, München: DVA 1999, 237 S. – Marthe und Mathilde. Eine Familie zwischen Frankreich und Deutschland, Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt 2008, 286 S. – Ruhige Straße in guter Wohnlage. Die Geschichte meiner Nachbarn, Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt 2013, 320 S. – Deutschland à la française, Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt 2017, 208 S. Sie sind in Straßburg geboren und haben dort ihre Kindheit und Jugend verbracht. In welchem Viertel der Stadt sind Sie aufgewachsen? Aufgewachsen bin ich in der Rue de la Douane, das ist fünf Minuten vom Münster entfernt, gegenüber dem Historischen Museum. Erst im Alter von 24 Jahren bin ich endgültig aus Straßburg weggezogen.
Die Halkyonischen Tage. Professor Heimpel zwischen Zauber und Alb
Authors: Rexroth Frank
Published: October 2021

Am 8. Mai 1945 war Hermann Heimpel mit seinem Kollegen und Freund Ernst Rudolf Huber zum Holzen im Wald gewesen, hinter dem Heimpel’schen Haus zu Falkau im Schwarzwald. Das Dorf war zu diesem Zeitpunkt schon seit zwei Wochen französisch besetzt gewesen. Vorsicht war durchaus geboten, denn immerhin war er, der Ordinarius für Geschichte, genau wie der Jurist Huber von 1941 bis zum November 1944 einer der führenden Köpfe der sogenannten Reichsuniversität Straßburg gewesen, ja sogar einer, den man zuvorderst mit diesem weltanschaulichen Projekt einer nationalsozialistischen Universität unter direkter Oberaufsicht durch die Reichsspitze in Verbindung brachte. Dass er schikaniert würde, dass er vielleicht sogar Schlimmeres zu gewärtigen hatte, stand zu befürchten. Doch die Nordafrikaner unter den Besatzern, «Spahis – gläubige Moslem» [sic], requirierten nichts «außer unseren Bettvorlegern als Gebetsteppiche», so erinnerte sich Heimpel nach vierzig Jahren. «‹Wirkliche› Franzosen» seien auch dagewesen, hätten durchaus geplündert, aber in Maßen «und nie bei Dunkelheit: die auseinanderliegenden Höfe waren der Sage vom Werwolf günstig». Ganz so unbegründet waren die Sorgen der Soldaten indes nicht gewesen.
Schirachs Klassik. Ein NS-Funktionär und Goethes Bibliothek
Authors: Höppner Stefan
Published: October 2021

1958 erschien der erste gedruckte Katalog von Goethes Bibliothek. Darauf hatte die Forschung seit Jahrzehnten gewartet. Goethes Büchersammlung ist nicht nur eine der ältesten erhaltenen Autorenbibliotheken im deutschen Sprachraum, sie gilt auch als wichtiger Schlüssel zu seinem Werk. Daher war das Verzeichnis ein Renommierprojekt der Nationalen Forschungs- und Gedenkstätten der Klassischen deutschen Literatur in Weimar (NFG), die seit 1953 die Gedenkstätten dort unter einem Dach vereinigte und eine zentrale Rolle im Kulturleben der DDR spielte. Bearbeiter war der pensionierte Bibliothekar Hans Ruppert. Er hatte sich vor allem mit einer Winckelmann-Bibliographie einen Namen gemacht und gehörte zur Leipziger Gesellschaft der Bibliophilen, in der sich viele namhafte Goetheforscher und Literaten trafen. Seit der ersten Ankündigung eines solchen Katalogs waren volle siebzig Jahre vergangen. Inzwischen hatte es zahlreiche Anläufe gegeben, die allesamt scheiterten und die Ruppert in seinem Vorwort rekapituliert.
Zum Thema
Authors: Hacke Jens , Schlak Stephan
Published: October 2021

Schon lange ist Jürgen Habermas nicht mehr nur ein Eintrag im Buch der Philosophiegeschichte, sondern selbst ein enzyklopädisches Großunternehmen. Zu seinem 90. Geburtstag vor zwei Jahren wurde dem Jubilar ein über 800 Seiten starkes The Cambridge Habermas Lexicon zuteil. Von A wie Aesthetics bis W wie World Disclosure gibt es da kaum einen Begriff im philosophischen Kosmos, auch kaum einen Denker – von Adorno bis Wittgenstein – der nicht zu Habermas in Relation gesetzt wurde. Welterschließung (World Disclosure) – mit die-sem phänomenologischen Universalbegriff ist auch die globale Rezeptionskarriere von Habermas gut umschrieben. Wenn Deutschland in den letzten Jahrzehnten eine intellektuelle Exportnation war, dann lag es nicht zuletzt am unermüdlichen Ausstoß von Habermas-Büchern und Einsprüchen, die auf allen Kontinenten übersetzt und diskutiert wurden.
Linksfaschismus
Authors: Witt-Stahl Susann
Published: October 2021

1967 ging in der Bonner Republik «das Gespenst des Linksfaschismus» um. Das meinten APO-Studenten der Universität Frankfurt – und zwar ironisch, nachdem sie von höchster Instanz mit dem F-Wort belegt worden waren. Einige Monate vorher hatte der Dichter Erich Fried gegen die Verwendung des «Linksfaschismus»-Begriffs protestiert; damit würden wesentliche historische «Tatsachen verschleiert» und die «herumspukende Gleichsetzung» von Kommunismus mit dem Nazi-Terror konsensfähig gemacht, so eine Befürchtung, die er am 12. Juli aus London in einem energischen Einspruch gegen Jürgen Habermas adressiert hatte.