bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the State in Partnerships with the Private Sector
Authors: Verma Manisha
Published: July 2017

The State, as we know, has been transforming in many ways. From a unitary and predominantly hierarchical entity perceived to be almost ‘dictatorial’ by many, it is seen to be forging coalitions and partnerships with varied non-State actors ostensibly to benefit from their expertise, resources and knowledge to achieve public goals. These partners include the private sector, NGOs, civil society organisations, practitioners, experts and academicians. Such partnerships (e.g., public–private partnerships or PPPs) are an emerging feature of public policy around the world.

While some analysts believe that this implies ‘decline of the State’ or what is popularly termed as ‘State failure’ with the State ceding its powers to non-State actors, others are of the view that these forms of new governance indicate a collective policy process where governing is accomplished with and through what are known as ‘policy’ or ‘governance’ networks. The new definition of governance lays stress on a ‘centreless society’ in a polycentric State defined by multiple actors and differentiated polity. An emerging body of evidence, however, suggests that when entities with distinct agenda, motivation, priorities, values, ethics and ideologies (based on the normative and conventional division of roles) come together for the achievement of State-directed goals, not only do the role and responsibilities of the State get transformed, but there emerge several public policy and governance issues. The partnerships, due to their multi-actor and multi-form structures, are observed in many cases to lead to indeterminate outcomes, exclude vulnerable and unrepresented sections, result in agency capture and tend to steer policies towards own selves. There is growing consensus in literature for an enhanced role of the State in the governance of networks, rather than a diminished role. The article will provide theoretical insights into what are the factors that have contributed to this transformation in governance, policy challenges in the partnerships with the private actors and highlight the redefined roles and responsibilities of the State agencies within these new forms of governance.
Alcohol consumption as a risk factor for tuberculosis: meta-analyses and burden of disease
Authors: Imtiaz Sameer , Shield Kevin D. , Roerecke Michael , Samokhvalov Andriy V. , Lönnroth Knut , Rehm Jürgen
Published: July 2017

Meta-analyses of alcohol use, alcohol dosage and alcohol-related problems as risk factors for tuberculosis incidence were undertaken. The global alcohol-attributable tuberculosis burden of disease was also re-estimated.

Systematic searches were conducted, reference lists were reviewed and expert consultations were held to identify studies. Cohort and case-control studies were included if there were no temporal violations of exposure and outcome. Risk relations (RRs) were pooled by using categorical and dose-response meta-analyses. The alcohol-attributable tuberculosis burden of disease was estimated by using alcohol-attributable fractions.

36 of 1108 studies were included. RRs for alcohol use and alcohol-related problems were 1.35 (95% CI 1.09–1.68; I2: 83%) and 3.33 (95% CI 2.14–5.19; 87%), respectively. Concerning alcohol dosage, tuberculosis risk rose as ethanol intake increased, with evidence of a threshold effect. Alcohol consumption caused 22.02 incident cases (95% CI 19.70–40.77) and 2.35 deaths (95% CI 2.05–4.79) per 100 000 people from tuberculosis in 2014. Alcohol-attributable tuberculosis incidence increased between 2000 and 2014 in most high tuberculosis burden countries, whereas mortality decreased.

Alcohol consumption was associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis in all meta-analyses. It was consequently a major contributor to the tuberculosis burden of disease.
Changes in pulmonary exercise haemodynamics in scleroderma: a 4-year prospective study
Authors: Kovacs Gabor , Avian Alexander , Wutte Nora , Hafner Franz , Moazedi-Fürst Florentine , Kielhauser Sonja , Aberer Elisabeth , Brodmann Marianne , Graninger Winfried , Foris Vasile , Olschewski Andrea , Olschewski Horst
Published: July 2017

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a feared complication of systemic sclerosis. In this prospective cohort study, we monitored the changes in resting and exercise pulmonary haemodynamics of scleroderma patients without initial PAH over a mean follow-up period of ∼4 years.

All patients underwent exercise echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing at baseline and follow-up. A subgroup underwent exercise right heart catheter (RHC) investigations. The primary end-point was the echocardiographic systolic pulmonary arterial pressure at 50 W exercise (sPAP50).

We included 99 patients, of whom 58 had a complete dataset. Three out of 99 patients developed RHC-confirmed PAH (0.75 cases per 100 patient-years). sPAP50increased (p<0.001) and peak oxygen uptake (secondary end-point) decreased significantly (p=0.001) during follow-up, but there was no significant change in resting sPAP (p=0.38). In the RHC subgroup (n=28), mean (m)PAP and pulmonary vascular resistance at 50 W increased significantly (p=0.02 and p=0.002, respectively), but resting mPAP was unchanged.

Scleroderma patients without PAH develop a mild but significant deterioration of pulmonary exercise haemodynamics and exercise capacity over a 4-year follow-up period, indicating a progression of pulmonary vascular disease. The manifestation rate of RHC-confirmed PAH was 0.75 cases per 100 patient-years.
Deconstruction waste management through 3d reconstruction and bim: a case study
Authors: Ge Xin Janet , Livesey Peter , Wang Jun , Huang Shoudong , He Xiangjian , Zhang Chengqi
Published: July 2017

The construction industry is responsible for 50% of the solid waste generated worldwide. Governments around the world formulate legislation and regulations concerning recycling and re-using building materials, aiming to reduce waste and environmental impact. Researchers have also been developing strategies and models of waste management for construction and demolition of buildings. The application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an example of this. BIM is emergent technology commonly used to maximize the efficiency of design, construction and maintenance throughout the entire lifecycle. The uses of BIM on deconstruction or demolition are not common; especially the fixtures and fittings of buildings are not considered in BIM models. The development of BIM is based on two-dimensional drawings or sketches, which may not be accurately converted to 3D BIM models. In addition, previous researches mainly focused on construction waste management. There are few studies about the deconstruction waste management focusing on demolition. To fill this gap, this paper aims to develop a framework using a reconstructed 3D model with BIM, for the purpose of improving BIM accuracy and thus developing a deconstruction waste management system to improve demolition efficiency, effective recycling and cost savings. In particular, the developed as-built BIM will be used to identify and measure recyclable materials, as well as to develop a plan for the recycling process.
Crowdsourcing BIM-guided collection of construction material library from site photologs
Authors: Han Kevin , Golparvar-Fard Mani
Published: July 2017

Background

With advances in technologies that enabled massive visual data collection and BIM, the AEC industry now has an unprecedented amount of visual data (e.g., images and videos) and BIMs. One of the past efforts to leverage these data includes the Construction Material Library (CML) that was created for inferring construction progress by automatically detecting construction materials. CML has a limited number of construction material classes because it is merely impossible for an individual or a group of researchers to collect all possible variations of construction materials.

Methods

This paper proposes a web-based platform that streamlines the data collection process for creating annotated material patches guided by BIM overlays.

Result

Construction site images with BIM overlays are automatically generated after image-based 3D reconstruction. These images are deployed on a web-based platform for annotations.

Conclusion

The proposed crowdsourcing method using this platform has potential to scale up data collection for expanding the existing CML. A case study was conducted to validate the feasibility of the proposed method and to improve the web interface before deployment to a public cloud environment.
Time-to-depth conversion and velocity estimation by image-wavefront propagation
Authors: Sadala Valente Leandro da S. , Santos Henrique B. , Costa Jessé C. , Schleicher Jörg
Published: July 2017

A new strategy for time-to-depth conversion and interval-velocity estimation is based entirely on image-wavefront propagation without the need to follow individual image rays. The procedure has three main features: (1) It computes the velocity field and the traveltime directly, allowing us to dispense with dynamic ray tracing; (2) it requires only the knowledge of the image wavefront at the previous time step; and (3) it inherently smooths the image wavefront, inhibiting the formation of caustics. As a consequence, the method tends to be faster than the usual techniques and does not carry the constraints and limitations inherent to common ray-tracing strategies. Synthetic tests using a Gaussian velocity anomaly as well as the Marmousi velocity model, and two smoothed versions of it show the feasibility of the method. A field-data example demonstrates the use of different numerical procedures. Our results indicate that the present strategy can be used to construct reasonable depth-velocity models that can be used as reliable starting models for velocity-model building in depth migration or for tomographic methods.
Differentiation of chronic total occlusion and subtotal occlusion of the femoropopliteal artery—role of retrograde flow sign and collateral circulation on CT angiography images
Authors: Zhang Shujun , Su Yanfei , Chen Haisong
Published: July 2017

Objective:

To study the value of a retrograde flow sign and the collateral circulation on CT angiography (CTA) for the differential diagnosis of chronic total occlusion from subtotal occlusion of the femoropopliteal artery (FPA).

50 patients with obstruction of the FPA underwent CTA and digital subtraction angiography examinations of the lower limbs. The frequency of a retrograde flow sign and collateral circulation on CTA in chronic total and subtotal occlusion was noted and analyzed, with the results of digital subtraction angiography as a standard to judge total or subtotal occlusion. The decreasing CT value from the distal to proximal direction on CTA suggests the existence of retrograde flow.

Results:

There were significant differences in the occurrence rates of a retrograde flow sign on CTA in the chronic total and subtotal obstruction groups (X2 = 13.1, p < 0.05), as well as a collateral circulation sign (X2 = 13.5, p < 0.05). Employing both the retrograde flow sign and the collateral circulation sign to diagnose chronic total obstruction of the FPA had a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 89.8%.

Conclusion:

The retrograde flow sign combined with a collateral circulation sign is of great clinical value for differentiation of chronic total stenosis from severe stenosis (subtotal occlusion) of the FPA.

Advances in knowledge:

A retrograde flow sign combined with a collateral circulation sign is of great clinical value to differentiate between chronic total stenosis and severe stenosis (subtotal occlusion) of the FPA.
Diagnostic evaluation of simulation CT images for adjuvant radiotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kim Bohyun , Kim Young Chul , Noh O Kyu , Heo Jaesung , Lee Hyun Woo , Kim Ji Hun , Lee Jei Hee , Kim Jai Keun , Cho Oyeon , Oh Young-Taek , Chun Mison
Published: July 2017

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to review simulation CT scans and evaluate their diagnostic value in patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods:

73 patients who had undergone simulation CT scans for adjuvant radiotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma were reviewed. All simulation CT scans were reviewed by professional abdominal radiologists, who compared the images with corresponding prior CT scans to identify new lesions. Newly detected cancer-related lesions were classified into one of three categories: distant metastasis, locoregional recurrence and indeterminate lesions. Indeterminate lesions were reviewed for malignancy during follow-up imaging work-ups.

Results:

Of 73 patients, distant metastasis, locoregional recurrence and indeterminate lesions were found in 4 (5.5%), 5 (6.8%) and 32 patients (43.8%), respectively. Among 32 indeterminate lesions, 24 (75.0%) were soft tissue lesions neighbouring the superior mesenteric vessels. Follow-up PET-CT and diagnostic CT scans revealed that 43.7% of indeterminate lesions were malignant presenting local failures. The 3-year overall survival was significantly higher among patients who had no cancer-related lesions than among who did have such findings (44.8% vs 10.8%, p = 0.002).

Conclusion:

Professional review of simulation CT scans have ample diagnostic value as they help detect early progressions or potential failures in patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Simulation CT scans should be carefully reviewed before the delivery of adjuvant radiotherapy.

Advances in knowledge:

Generally, simulation CT scan has been known to provide limited diagnostic values and clinical impact. However, the results of this study showed a high detection rate of cancer-related lesions, which could potentially affect subsequent treatment strategies in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme for pretreatment prediction of pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI texture features
Authors: Giannini Valentina , Mazzetti Simone , Marmo Agnese , Montemurro Filippo , Regge Daniele , Martincich Laura
Published: July 2017

Objective:

To assess whether a computer-aided, diagnosis (CAD) system can predict pathological Complete Response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to treatment using texture features.

Methods:

Response to treatment of 44 patients was defined according to the histopatology of resected tumour and extracted axillary nodes in two ways: (a) pCR+ (Smith’s Grade = 5) vs pCR− (Smith’s Grade < 5); (b) pCRN+ (pCR+ and absence of residual lymph node metastases) vs pCRN−. A CAD system was developed to: (i) segment the breasts; (ii) register the DCE-MRI sequence; (iii) detect the lesion and (iv) extract 27 3D texture features. The role of individual texture features, multiparametric models and Bayesian classifiers in predicting patients’ response to NAC were evaluated.

Results:

A cross-validated Bayesian classifier fed with 6 features was able to predict pCR with a specificity of 72% and a sensitivity of 67%. Conversely, 2 features were used by the Bayesian classifier to predict pCRN, obtaining a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 61%.

Conclusion:

A CAD scheme, that extracts texture features from an automatically segmented 3D mask of the tumour, could predict pathological response to NAC. Additional research should be performed to validate these promising results on a larger cohort of patients and using different classification strategies.

Advances in knowledge:

This is the first study assessing the role of an automatic CAD system in predicting the pathological response to NAC before treatment. Fully automatic methods represent the backbone of standardized analysis and may help in timely managing patients candidate to NAC.
Development of the concept of landscaping in modern trends with the introduction of elements of the natural environment in urban structure on the example of the cottage settlement "Berezka", Ramonsky district, Voronezh region
Authors: Тихонова  , Tikhonova Elena , Демиденкова  , Demidenkova Lyubov , Хазова  , Khazova Ekaterina
Published: July 2017

The modern concept of gardening involves the use of large amounts of inert materials, different designs, and modern forms. Widespread urbanization of territories entails almost complete exclusion of green spaces, landscapes mediocrity and aggressive environments. All this has a negative effect not only on the environment but also has a negative impact on human. Reduced Stress resistance reduces and the working population decreases, the percentage of various diseases increases. In this paper we consider the question of proposing how to tie urbanized area with the surrounding environment. Along with urbanized areas a suburban town, so-called "second home" play a major role in people´s lives. Accomplishment of such areas should include elements that allow a person to relax as much as possible by working days. Since the cottage villages are composed of model homes, it suggests the monotony plan of surrounding territory. The best decoration of such areas is the use of tree and shrub vegetation, as well as decorative flower crops. Flower decoration of adjoining areas refreshes dull monotony of typical households. Given the impact of current trends in landscape design, we note the following aspects of the areas design. Rectilinear forms of trees and bushes are disappearing as the most fashionable style decision is a landscape of the site. Manor house in the Russian style looks particularly attractive, as historically Russian style was associated with the natural environment. Cottage village is ideally located surrounded by forest on the banks of a natural lake. The objective of our work was to unify the territory of cottage settlement with the surrounding ecosystem. For small areas "small" gardens are ideal decision. We also offer to create more comfortable living environment to emphasize the conditional zoning with green hedges. The paper presents a range of plants that will accentuate central Russian landscape and create coherent whole perception of the village and the environment.
Estimates of minimal doses of semiconductor devices in the study of their resistance in the process of monitoring the state of forests
Authors: Манько  , Manko Aleksey , Ярыгин  , Yarygin Anatoliy
Published: July 2017

The problem of modern ecological and resource-saving technologies in forest harvesting and agriculture is associated with the device for status monitoring of such complex systems as a system of forestry and agriculture. Such monitoring is convenient to carry out with semiconductor sensors, because the information in them is stored in a computer accessible form. However, in vivo sensors are exposed to the environment and therefore it is relevant to define criteria for determining the re-sistance of semiconductor devices, reflecting the quality of the functioning of the last ones. Measure of the resistance of test subjects, such as a semiconductor element base is the quality of functioning: a – normal functioning; in temporary impairment or loss of function or performance with automatic reset; c – temporary impairment or loss of function or performance which requires operator inter-vention or system restart; d – the deterioration or loss of function that can not be repaired because of damage to the equipment (components) or software, or loss of data. Methodology of the most of the published data on the levels of criteria corresponds to substantially inflated levels of exposure to the test object. In addition, based on the statistical processing of the results of experimental studies of the resistance of semiconductor devices to ultrashor pulsed field action the empirical relation is got between the dose of impact energy of pulses with pulse duration, repetition rate and the irradiation time. We justify the need to complement of existing standards for resistance semiconductor element base to nanosecond pulse interferences with wider range of test signals, taking into account dose and effects of energy storage of pulse sequence in semiconductor devices.
Analysis of soil conditions of growth of ornamental plants in the Olympic park
Authors: Тихонова  , Tikhonova Elena , Ондоралов  , Ondoralov Gennadiy , Трегубов  , Tregubov Oleg , Сухоруков  , Sukhorukov Denis
Published: July 2017

When laying the Olympic Park of Sochi there was a need in the selection of soil substrates corresponding to the projected plants. When working on the preparation of the construction site wetlands of Imereti lowland were subjected to drainage. Prior to the formation of soil-like structures of the prepared soil substrates, samples for analysis were taken. One hundred and seventy-one soil samples were subjected to particle size and chemical analysis in the laboratory. The results of mechanical studies let to divided substrates in granulometric composition and make recommendations for their use as the underlying soils. The chemical analysis showed that alkaline environment is dominated throughout the park. The average content of organic substance in soils is 2.39 %. The content of nitrogen available to plants is small and on average it is equal to 0.13 %. Number of exchangeable calcium and magnesium is within the allowable limits. High content of available phosphorus and potassium is noted. The content of total forms of arsenic and mercury does not exceed the permissible limits. The concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals such as (Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni and Co) does not exceed background values, only in one case the content of cadmium in clay loam is out of limits – 1.5 mg/kg. According to the content of zinc and manganese situation is more difficult, about a quarter of the samples shows high content of heavy metals. Analysis of the aqueous extract showed that the investigated substrates are not saline; their samples do not include soluble salts which are dangerous to plants. Based on the results of experiments separately for each studied parameter, the conclusion on the suitability of the soil for the purpose of planting soil is made.
Physics of the process of obtaining wood with the strength of steel
Authors: Постников  , Postnikov Valeriy , Камалова  , Kamalova Nina
Published: July 2017

This review summarizes the processes followed in sequence by modifying the samples of natural wood in ultrasound, constituents compactioning and pulsed magnetic field. It is shown that the processing of samples by ultrasound allows plasticizing one of the major component of wood - lignin as effective as when it is exposed to highly toxic ammonia, previously used for this purpose. When plasticizing lignin is transferred from the glass in a plastic condition allowing to perform three-dimensional compaction of sample without its destruction. Then the most probable processes of absorption of ultrasound by wood samples are analyzed. Three-dimensional compaction of plasticized samples with their subsequent three-dimensional processing can significantly increase the hardness of the modified material. After compaction relaxation processes occur in samples. Therefore, analysis of the optimal parameters of thermal influence is made allowing speeding up the completion of these processes and stabilizing the new mechanical characteristics. Further impacts on such samples of relatively weak pulsed magnetic fields allow getting the material, not inferior in terms of mechanical properties to metallic specimens. Analysis of the processes occurring in such action in the wood samples suggests the hypothesis of the origin of additional covalent bonds such as C-O-C between macromolecules of cellulose. Further, the review discusses the possibility of such bonds. It has been shown that an important feature during exposure of sample to magnetic field is co-directivity of magnetic force lines and wood fibers. Exactly at such orientation of the samples in the field the maximum effect is achieved. Then the causes of this feature of magnetic influence are analyzed and the main conclusions are made; and assumptions about the possible use are made.
Calculation and strengthening of maximum stressed near support zones of high glue-wood beam constructions
Authors: Лисятников  , Lisyatnikov Mikhail , Грибанов  , Gribanov Aleksey , Рощина  , Roshchina Svetlana , Глебова  , Glebova Tatyana
Published: July 2017

We consider the engineering calculation of maximum stressed abutment sections of high glue-wood beam constructions, as well as strengthening these areas with glass nanoassembly. In supports of glued wood beams complex stress arises causing spalling along the fibers, crushing reproach fibers and stretching at an angle to the fibers. The article proposes a new way of strengthening these areas during the production of beams, the essence of which consists in the fact that the ends of the beam constructions are put in clip of glass in one or several layers glued to wood by epoxy resin composition including carbon nanotubes. In the calculations, wood is considered as transport materials described by rheological equations as viscosity elastic elastic body. Physical and mathematical models of fiberglass are selected. Strength of materials formulas calculated geometrical characteristics of the reduced section of strengthened near mounting area of high glued wood beams. Engineering method has shown that the existing method of calculation of wooden bent elements (on the maximum principal stresses in the middle of the span and the maximum shear stress on the support) is not applicable to high glue-wood beams. Tensile stresses at an angle to the fibers in the support areas reach peak values at a load of approximately twice lower than the load at which the maximum shear stress takes place. Engineering calculations found that supports of high beam constructions need to be strengthened. Minimal effect on enhancing by clip of glass nanoassembly by cleaving along the fibers ≥ 8 %, when crumpled across the fibers ≥ 7 %, in tension at an angle to the fibers ≥ 9 %. It was proposed to simplify the formula of geometrical characteristics of the reduced section in order to facilitate further calculations.
Modeling workflows of energy-saving hydraulic drive of technological equipment of timber-hauling machine
Authors: Посметьев  , Posmetev Viktor , Канищев  , Kanishchev Denis , Попиков  , Popikov Petr , Стороженко  , Storozhenko Stanislav
Published: July 2017

Workflow mechanisms of forestry cranes tower rotation are accompanied by large dynamic loads that cause sudden changes in fluid pressure in balancing and braking modes. When the rotary column stops at different positions damping of pressure of the working fluid vibration occurs due to its overflow from one chamber to another through an orifice, wherein the hydraulic energy is transformed into heat one, resulting in overheating and energy loss of fluid. Efficient are energy-saving hydropneumatic drives of column of the manipulator which are able to recover energy during transient conditions and to return some of the energy back into the system. For hydraulic manipulators with four paired hydraulic cylinders of rotation mechanism of the column one pair of cylinders is proposed to be replaced by pneumatic cylinders connected to a rotary column through the gear and toothed rack that allows you to transfer it into recovery mode of energy. A mathematical model of the boom rotation of the manipulator is developed; equations for a hydro pneumatic system recovery are made. In the model three mechanical processes are considered: the rotational movement of the column about the vertical axis of the manipulator, the forward movement of the plunger along the axis of the damper, and sway of the load relative to the attachment point on the manipulator arm. To solve the system of differential equations, computer program for the simulation of hydraulic manipulator equipped with a hydraulic damper is composed. The dependence of the restoring force of the displacement of the toothed rack is get. In the vicinity of the equilibrium position, this dependence is nearly linear over a wide range of rack movement: from about 50 to 180 mm. With significant turns of the column volume of one of the chambers of the air cylinder approaches zero value, whereby the restoring force of the module increases significantly, which helps braking of the column in the final step of rotation and influences the process of energy accumulation.
Economic accessibility of forest resources: its determining factors and the accuracy of the estimates
Authors: Третьяков  , Tretyakov Aleksandr
Published: July 2017

The current low levels of allowable amounts of wood removals (annual allowable cut) are largely predetermined by economic inaccessibility of forest resources. Achievement of the target value of the indicator of the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of Forestry" for 2013-2020 years in terms of forestry is impossible to ensure without the formation of favorable economic conditions for the implementation of logging activities. Economic incentive for development of forest resources is a positive criterion of economic accessibility of forest resources, which is defined by the value or exceeding the value of forest rent standard cost of reproduction, and protection of forests. The affordability of forest resources is affected by the totality of the various factors (resource, logistics, general economic, commercial, institutional) determining the level of prices, costs of production and reproduction of timber forest resources, as well as possible legal restrictions on the development of forests. Based on the results of calculations on cutting area fund of Vilegodsky forest, located in the southeastern part of the Arkhangelsk region, analysis of the impact of such factors as the use of low-quality wood, the level of prices and wages to economic accessibility of forest resources was made. In the absence of processing low-quality wood, proportion of economically inaccessible forests was more than 30 %, at the same time in the organization of pellet production volume of economically inaccessible forests decreased by 44.7 %, while the estimate of economically accessible forest resources increased by 45.3 %. Increase in the price of forest products by 10% leads to a decrease in cost of inaccessible forest resources of Vilegodsky forest for about 50-65 %, reflecting the importance of this factor. The level of wages is also a determining factor for the assessment of the economic accessibility of forest resources. With the growth of the average wage in the lumber from 35 thousand up to 40 thousand rubles per month, assessment of economically accessible forest resources is reduced by more than a third, and the volume and the number of plots of economically accessible forest resources – for more than a quarter.
Application of the theory of danger for modeling market barriers based on artificial immune system
Authors: Степанов  , Stepanov Leonid , Сербулов  , Serbulov Yuriy , Глухов  , Glukhov Dmitriy
Published: July 2017

Artificial immune system is a complex of mathematical methods to simulate the basic func-tions of the human immune system, and used to determine the parameters and (or) their values that can minimize the impact of certain factors (external or internal) to the production and economic ent-ity. The main characteristic that distinguishes the immune system of a foreign agent is an antigen that is any molecule which can be recognized by cellular elements of immunity (lymphocytes) using specific sensitive receptors. Otherwise, the antigen is a separate index that distinguishes foreign agent. Despite all this, there are examples where this approach fails. There are cases where the im-mune system does not work on "friend or foe", but uses a protective mechanism of hazard recogni-tion, which is a key method of the theory of danger. This theory does not deny the existence of dif-ferentiation in the "friend or foe", and argues that there are other factors that lead to the initiation of the immune response. For example, the theory of danger determines the nature of data on the beha-vior of competing industrial and economic systems, which must be submitted and processed in the artificial immune systems. Application of the theory of danger increases the efficiency of mathe-matical models, forming an artificial immune system of the market, which in its turn allows recog-nition of a new competitor in the market, assess the risk on its part for the competitors, and deter-mine the values of the characteristics of companies that will dominate over the parameters of a new competitor.
Perfection ofsilviculturalmeasuresthe contentand use ofspruce forests, improving their sustainability andreducingthe negative effects ofthe pathology
Authors: Малахова  , Malakhova Ekaterina , Желдак  , Zheldak Vladimir , Прока  , Proka Irina
Published: July 2017

In order to address the problem of increasing the stability of spruce forests, reducing their destruction by harmful organisms, including bark beetle, along with carrying outthe necessary large-scale sanitary measures, which include mostly clear sanitary felling and the creation of for-est plantations,in essence measures to eliminate the consequences of pathology expedient devel-opment and application of silvicultural measures aimed at preventing or reducing its manifesta-tion and the reduction associated with thisecological functions of forests (ecological and resource potential of forests), as well as the loss of valuable coniferous wood.
Impact of urban environment on the occurrence pathological signs in hardwood species
Authors: Перелыгина  , Perelygina Elena , Разинкова  , Razinkova Aleksandra , Крюкова  , Kryukova Anna
Published: July 2017

The article is devoted to date the impact of negative factors on the urban environment plants. Causes of pathologies can be divided into groups: induced mutations, abiotic factors, human factors, biotic factors. As authors of the research objectives was determined on the basis of an attempt of a pathological condition of the trees reveal the influence of certain groups of factors. Results of the study was to identify the most resistant O-types in the urban environment, a comparison with the pathological appearance-marks on woody plants in the conditions of the urban environment.
Thermo vlagopoulos bearings slides from dm when using the Lame problem
Authors: Белокуров  , Belokurov Vladimir
Published: July 2017

The article proposes to consider the solution of the axisymmetric problem in Lame in polar coordinates to determine temperature and humidity stresses during heating-NII (cooling) and drying (swelling) of anisotropic friction bearings of modified wood, loaded with internal and ex-ternal pressure. The underestimation of temperature and humidity stress can lead to heavy wear, and in some cases to the destruction of the sliding bearings. Solution of the problem is presented in a form convenient for engineering calculations.
Study of strategic economic security as the object of management in the forest sector
Authors: Константинов  , Konstantinov Artem
Published: July 2017

The article proved that a key aspect of the strategic economic security in the forestry sector is to identify its subject-object structure and analysis of emerging threats to the economic security of the forest area. The set of threats to economic security includes the set of causes associated with a reduction in the efficiency of business activities in the forestry sector. The article substantiates that such a decrease in the efficiency of business activity is possible due to the imperfection of state regulation of the process of building and management of forest resources in the region´s economy.
Dynamic models predict gains in forest products in the manufacture
Authors: Апсалямова  , Apsalyamova Saida , Хачемизов  , Khachemizov Anzor
Published: July 2017

The article considers the issues in rapidly changing situations in the market, making a profit in the sale of forest products, with certain factors, which, price hikes for energy, raw materials, wage increases in the public sector pre-acceptance, require prompt, effective solution of a number of tasks in financial and economic activity of the enterprises with the use of economic and mathematical models of the dynamics of financial and economic indicators.
HEAT STORAGE MATERIALS BASED ON BINUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Authors: Грицук  , Gritsuk I. , Амерханова  , Amerkhanova Sh. , Александров  , Aleksandrov V. , Покинтелица  , Pokintelitsa E.
Published: July 2017

By cyclic and differential thermal analysis were studied conditions that reduce melt overcooling in a number of aromatic hydrocarbons such as diphenyl, diphenylethane, diphenylmethane, diphenylbenzols, naphthalene, and their mixtures. Based on experimental outcomes some practical conclusions were made for effective application of that substances as heat-accumulating materials. First of all, the thermal cycle, including melting and crystallization, is reasonable to carry outwith soft heating near the melting point for specified hydrocarbons. Secondly, it was concluded from the phase diagram analysis of hydrocarbon mixtures, that more effective will be using of alloys of eutectic composition (without thermal cycling limitation).
HEAT-RETAINING MATERIALS ON THE BASIS OF CRYSTALLINE HYDRATES OF SALTS OF SODIUM IN THE AUTOMOBILE TRANSPORT
Authors: Соболь  , Sobol O.
Published: July 2017

In article basic provisions of a way of finding of composition of the heat-retaining material meeting requirements, shown to THERE, on the basis of charts of a state with metastable areas are stated.
ON THE DETERMINATION LOAD CAPACITIES TIRES OF ULTRALOW PRESSURE
Authors: Гончаренко  , Goncharenko S.
Published: July 2017

Dependence proposed establishing a link between dimensions tire low pressure and load capacity. This dependence allows for preliminary engineering calculations with sufficient accuracy and significantly reduce the time spent in the justification of carrying capacity of large low-pressure tires.
PERSPECTIVE DIRECTION OF DIAGNOSING BEARING KNOT OF THE TURBOCOMPRESSOR
Authors: Мочалин  , Mochalin D. , Иншаков  , Inshakov A. , Курбакова  , Kurbakova M.
Published: July 2017

Article is devoted to questions of definition of technical condition turbocompressor
MONITORING, DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS OF TECHNICAL CONDITION OF VEHICLES UNDER ITS
Authors: Грицук  , Gritsuk I. , Грицук  , Gritsuk Yu. , Предко  , Predko A. , Волков  , Volkov V.
Published: July 2017

This paper proposes method for monitoring, diagnosing and forecasting parameters of the engine and vehicle on-board diagnostic information and software complex and virtual enterprise under ITS. The information model of intelligent software for the evaluation of the results.
IMPROVE THE SAFETY OF TRANSPORTATION IN THE DARK AND IN POOR VISIBILITY CONDITIONS
Authors: Антакова  , Antakova K. , Козырева  , Kozyreva E.
Published: July 2017

The article discusses the main causes of accidents involving freight vehicles at night and in poor visibility conditions, analyzed the studies a bulleted vehicles. Were considered the main advantages of the use of retro-reflective markings freight vehicles.
CALCULATION OF THE EMISSION ON TRANSPORT
Authors: Кривошапов  , Krivoshapov S. , Волков  , Volkov V.
Published: July 2017

An analytical method of estimating emissions of transport vehicles in mass quantities. A feature of the method is that the parameters of toxicity are linked to the load and the speed mode of the machine, taking into account the design features and operating conditions
METHOD OF ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF AIR POLLUTION EXHAUST GASES OF VEHICLES ON THE CO CONCENTRATION
Authors: Тарасова  , Tarasova E. , Волков  , Volkov V.
Published: July 2017

The problem of air pollution by carbon monoxide road. The aim is to study the previously proposed methodology for the calculation of the level of concentration of carbon monoxide and make changes for a more objective analysis. This allows to evaluate the environmental impact of exhaust gas CO concentration
MONITORING OF VEHICLE OPERATION SAFETY
Authors: Полянский  , Polyanskiy A. , Дубинин  , Dubinin E. , Задорожняя  , Zadorozhnyaya V.
Published: July 2017

The method of vehicle position stability testing, which makes it possible to provide their safe operation when driving over bumps, is developed. The dynamic stability coefficient is proposed to be used as an assessment criterion
INVESTIGATION OF THE PARAMETERS SECTIONS OF THE ROAD NETWORK IN THE CITY OF SARATOV USING SIMULATION
Authors: Филатова  , Filatova A. , Казакова  , Kazakova G. , Муравьева  , Muraveva N.
Published: July 2017

The article describes the main provisions of process modeling transport service, studied recommendations for improving the road network and traffic optimization using GIS , shows the results of the simulation portion of the road network in Saratov using PTV Vissim, considered the method of choice parameter plot MAC using simulation
QUALIFICATION LEVEL OF SUITABILITY FOR LONG-DISTANCE GOODS TRANSPORT DRIVER
Authors: Злобина  , Zlobina N. , Денисов  , Denisov G. , Климова  , Klimova G. , Киселева  , Kiseleva A.
Published: July 2017

With a view to improving the use of labour resources cargo carrier, considered the establishment of a mechanism of professional suitability assessment criterial driver intercity transportation of cargo, including professionally important qualities of the driver
MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE DEPARTMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL-ANALITICHESKOY AND COORDINATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE OFFICE OF GOSATOMNADZOR IN THE SUBJECTS OF THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Нарматов  , Narmatov V. , Козырева  , Kozyreva E.
Published: July 2017

In the article the basic directions of activity of the public authority transport control, the analysis of the work of the Department for organizational and analytical work and coordination of the activities of the office of Gosatomnadzor in the subjects of the southern Federal district and the proposed additions to the work
PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF TRAM PUBLIC TRANSPORT OF TULA CITY
Authors: Дубинин  , Dubinin P. , Пышный  , Pyshnyy V.
Published: July 2017

The article analyzes the development of public transport tram, highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of its use, defined the necessary actions to increase the attractiveness of using public transport tram in the city of Tula
ON ASSESSMENT OF ROAD CONDITIONS OF HEAVY-LOAD ROAD TRAINS FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF METAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Жилинков  , Zhilinkov A.
Published: July 2017

In the article the questions of estimation of heavy-load road trains at steel products transportations. Presented results of the experimental studies allow determination of dynamic loads in the bearing systems. Proposed method and model to determine the complex index estimates road conditions
SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY MANAGEMENT IN FORESTRY ENTERPRISES NETWORKS
Authors: Иванников  , Ivannikov Valeriy
Published: July 2017

The article describes the main provisions of multi-criteria optimization product supply networks timber companies
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISES MOTOR COMPLEX: THE DIRECTION OF THE INVESTED CAPITAL, ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS AND PAYBACK PERIOD
Authors: Кузнецова  , Kuznetsova A. , Проняева  , Pronyaeva Lyudmila
Published: July 2017

The article outlines the basic direction of capital investment, performance evaluation and payback periods of projects
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS CENTERS REGIONAL LEVEL IN THE ROSTOV REGION
Authors: Сметанина  , Smetanina T. , Чефранова  , Chefranova O.
Published: July 2017

The article considers the principles of distribution of terminal infrastructure at regional level (Rostov region). The placement of terminal complexes considered was regarded at three levels: intermodal, regional and local logistics centers. For each level of the logistics centers defined criteria for the size of the illumination
DEVELOPMENT COPPER PLATE FOR THE PISTON RINGS, THE MODIFIED NANOPARTICLES ELECTROEROSIVE OF COPPER
Authors: Хорьякова  , Khoryakova N. , Агеев  , Ageev E.
Published: July 2017

The article describes the preparation of copper electroplating for piston rings, modified nanoparticles electroerosive copper and study hardness of the obtained coating.
The use of rhizosphere for wastewater treatment: a review
Authors: Криксунов  , Kriksunov Evgeniy , Диас  , Dias Verissimo , Перелыгина  , Perelygina Elena , Панков  , Pankov Yakov , Бизин  , Bizin Stanislav
Published: July 2017

The paper summarizes the history and the use of the rhizosphere for wastewater treat-ment. This technology assures high level of pollutant removal and presents an ecological cha-racter. Most systems around the world are still primarily used to treat municipal and domestic wastewaters but treatment of many types of industrial and agricultural wastewaters, storm wa-ter runoff and landfill leachate has recently become common. There are several types of con-structed wetlands (rhizosphere systems), and they can be classified according different crite-ria: the water level, the direction of the flow, the type of vegetation.
Hydroecological role of forest in formation of regime of water resources
Authors: Дмитриева  , Dmitrieva Vera , Нефедова  , Nefedova Yevgenia
Published: July 2017

Intensive economic use of water resources as well as disregard for mechanisms of forma-tion of their composition and properties often leads to negative transformation of water bodies’ state. Reinforcement of forest capacity to protect water is one of the most important ways to conserve natural state of water resources. In considered Voronezh region insular forest distribution determines specific impact to elements of the water cycle and regulation of hydrological regime of water bodies.
Determining the size and viability of pollen of local and introduced species of birch trees
Authors: Исаков  , Isakov Igor , Манцева  , Mantseva Marina
Published: July 2017

We, with the help of an optical microscope, measurements were taken of length and width of pollen grains and their viability determined by the method of staining solution iodine – chloral hydrate. Studied species such as downy birch (B. pubescens Ehrh), the Karelian birch (B. pendu-la Roth var. Carelica Merkl.) dalecarlica and birch (Betula dalecarlica L). All the necessary work of collecting material was produced in the spring of 2015 on the territory of Semiluksky nursery in the Voronezh region. The research data were obtained about the size and viability of pollen types is presented and conclusions are made.
The influence of drought on tree growth in Germany – from models to general statements
Authors: Бек  , Bek Volfgang , Нахтин  , Nakhtin Marko , Мюллер  , Myuller Yurgen
Published: July 2017

The scientific perspective on the climate-growth relationship is usually multivariate and too complex for decision makers, who need simpler statements. We analyse the relationships between the climate and tree growth with the help of 89 tree ring chronologies for Norway spruce, Scots pine and European beech in Germany. The statistical analysis tool CLIMTREG is used to discover climate-growth relationships and to model relative increment deviations caused by the force of climate scenario data.
Radiation monitoring in forest ecosystems Central forest-steppe Russia
Authors: Скрипников  , Skripnikov Viktor , Щетинкин  , Shchetinkin Sergey
Published: July 2017

It was found that during the period of observation at hospitals forestry radiation monitoring in fresh upland oak forests and wet Pinetum compositum main drive radiocaesium is oak, which is connected, apparently, with its biological and ecological features. It is also clear that, along with the biological specificity of a particular tree species, an important role in the accumulation of woody plants play a cesium type of forest growth conditions (trophicity, humidity). In woody plants most contaminated surface tissues that make up the crust. Further, the degree of contamination, followed by leaves (needles), small branches, wood with bark and wood peeled, where radiocaesium virtually identified.