bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Knee Effusion in an Adolescent Soccer Player
Authors: Buckley Bernadette D. , Joyce Christopher J.
Published: June 2021

A 13-year-old female recreational soccer player presented with spontaneous left knee effusion approximately 2 weeks after the start of soccer season. Radiographic imaging was negative, and a complete blood count identified an increase in inflammatory markers. Additional two-tier testing confirmed a Lyme disease diagnosis, which was unusual for an athlete residing in the southeast region of the United States. The presentation of knee effusion, and subsequently Lyme arthritis, is a common clinical manifestation of late-stage Lyme disease. Early recognition of this infection and prompt treatment by a variety of specialists reduce the severity or chronicity of symptoms.
The Effect of the Closed-Loop Control System on Blood Glucose Control With Exercise: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Mason Melanie A. , Russ Anne C. , Tierney Ryan T. , Mansell Jamie L.
Published: June 2021

Context: Exercise can cause fluctuations in blood glucose control in type 1 diabetics. For athletes with type 1 diabetes, maintenance of blood glucose within an ideal range may be difficult. Objective: To determine, in individuals with type 1 diabetes, the effectiveness of the closed loop control system versus the open loop control system in keeping blood glucose levels in the ideal range with exercise. Data Sources: A search of PubMed was conducted in June of 2020 using the Boolean phrases: (closed loop control system OR artificial pancreas) AND type 1 diabetes AND exercise AND ideal range AND adolescents, artificial pancreas AND glucose prediction AND exercise. Study Selection: Titles were reviewed for relevance, the abstract was then assessed for applicability, and finally the full text was examined. Articles were included that examined the percent of time in the ideal blood glucose range when exercise occurred during that day. Articles were excluded that didn’t compare the closed loop and open loop control systems and articles that did not involve exercise. Data Extraction: The PEDro scale was used to determine the methodological quality of the included studies. The measure addressed was the percent of time in the ideal blood glucose range of 70-180 mg/dL. 95% Confidence Intervals and Cohen’s D were calculated for each article. Data Synthesis: The search yielded 268 articles and 3 were selected for inclusion. The two randomized controlled trials scored 9/10 on the PEDro scale and the randomized two-arm crossover clinical trial scored 9/10 on the PEDro scale. Percent time spent in the ideal blood glucose range when exercise was performed was significantly higher in the closed loop group versus the open loop group in each of the three studies. In one randomized control trial, mean time in the ideal range was 71.3% (SD = 17.6, 95% CI = 62.5, 80.10) in the closed loop group versus 64.7% (SD = 13.3, 95% CI = 58.1–71.4) in the open loop group. Cohen’s D was 0.4. In the second randomized control trial, mean time in the ideal range was 73.5% (SD = 8.4, 95% CI = 70.1, 76.9) for the closed loop group versus 50% (SD = 26.8, 95% CI = 39.1, 60.9). Cohen’s D was 1.2. The two-arm crossover clinical trial resulted in a mean time in target range of 84.1% (SD = 11.5, 95% CI = 79.0, 89.2) in the closed loop group versus 68.7% (SD = 13.9, 95% CI = 62.5, 74.9) in the open loop group. Cohen’s D was 1.2. Conclusions: For adolescents with type 1 diabetes who exercise, the closed loop control system maintains blood glucose levels in the ideal range for a longer percent of time versus an open loop system. Each patient should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis with his/her healthcare team. Future research should examine the closed loop control system on specific energy systems.
Preseason Shoulder Disability Scores and the Ability to Identify Collegiate Swimmers Who Sustain Shoulder Injuries
Authors: Levasseur Eric R. , Dames Kevin D. , Sutherlin Mark A. , Dearie Alyson , Comins Sonya
Published: June 2021

Collegiate- and elite-level swimmers can see extraordinary volumes in training throughout a season. Consequentially, injury and dysfunction in the shoulder are common in competitive swimmers. This study investigated whether preseason Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Questionnaire scores could identify collegiate swimmers who sustained a shoulder injury during an athletic season. A Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Questionnaire score of ≥81 was able to identify swimmers who did not sustain an injury versus those who did. The receiver operating characteristics demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.820, p < .004. A Kerlan-Jobe Orthopedic Clinic Questionnaire score of 81 had a sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.333. The current findings suggest that selective preseason patient-reported outcome measures could be utilized as a preparticipation screening tool to investigate athlete readiness to compete.
The Effects of Contralateral Trunk Tilt on Elbow Varus Torque in Baseball Pitchers: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Hakanson Sierra , Johnson Samuel T. , Norcross Emily C. , Brown Cathleen N.
Published: June 2021

Clinical Scenario: Ulnar collateral ligament injuries are common in baseball pitchers, with excessive elbow varus torque linked to medial elbow injuries. Trunk tilt, or motion in the frontal plane, could be an identifiable and modifiable factor in medial elbow loading. Clinical Question: In high school through professional baseball pitchers, how does increased contralateral trunk tilt compared with no/limited contralateral trunk tilt influence elbow varus torque? Summary of Key Findings: Four studies were included: all were labeled as “controlled” or “descriptive laboratory studies,” representing cross-sectional observational analytic design. One study compared biomechanics of professional pitchers with and without ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction. Two studies measured biomechanics in college pitchers, one of which also included simulations of joint angles. The fourth study measured biomechanics of high school pitchers. All studies measured trunk tilt and its relationship to elbow varus torque, with 3 of the studies linking increased contralateral trunk tilt with increased elbow varus torque. Clinical Bottom Line: Moderate evidence indicated as contralateral trunk tilt increased, so did elbow varus torque, indicating trunk tilt may be a modifiable factor to decrease medial elbow loading during pitching. Strength of Recommendation: Majority consistent findings from the level 3 cross-sectional observational analytic designs suggest grade B evidence in support of trunk tilt as a factor in increasing elbow varus torque.
Exploration of Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Best Practice in Exercise Medicine in Primary Pediatric Care—Pediatrician Perspectives
Authors: Lu Kim D. , Cooper Dan , Dubrowski Raluca , Barwick Melanie , Radom-Aizik Shlomit
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Despite the known health benefits of physical activity (PA), few primary care pediatricians discuss, evaluate, or prescribe PA for children. The goal of this study was to examine pediatricians’ thoughts and practices related to child PA and the perceived facilitators and barriers to implementing PA evaluation and prescription in pediatric primary care clinics. Methods: The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to explore implementation barriers and facilitators. A mixed-method design combined questionnaires and focus groups with 27 pediatricians. Results: Despite the pediatricians’ beliefs that PA is important for patients, there was wide practice variability in their approaches to discussing PA. Several perceived barriers to implementing PA evaluation and prescription were identified, including lack of knowledge and training, managing time for PA with multiple demands, the need for a team approach and simple PA tools and resources, support for patient tailoring of PA messaging, and a need for PA best practice champions. Conclusion: The identified barriers to implementing evidence in PA suggest several directions for improvement, including a care-team approach; quick, inexpensive, and simple PA tools; community PA partnerships; PA training in medical education; evidence-based strategies; and PA directories for families. These efforts could facilitate the implementation of PA best practices in pediatrics.
Structure and stability of X.G.C mismatches in the third strand of intramolecular triplexes
Authors: Macaya RF , Gilbert DE , Malek S , Sinsheimer JS , Feigon J
Published: June 2021

Intramolecular DNA triplexes that contain eight base triplets formed from the folding of a single DNA strand tolerate a single X.G.C mismatch in the third strand at acidic pH. The structure and relative stability of all four triplets that are possible involving a G.C Watson-Crick base pair were determined with one- and two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Triplexes containing A.G.C, G.G.C, or T.G.C triplets were less stable than the corresponding parent molecule containing a C.G.C triplet. However, all mismatched bases formed specific hydrogen bonds in the major groove of the double helix. The relative effect of these mismatches on the stability of the triplex differs from the effect assayed (under different conditions) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and DNA cleavage with oligonucleotide EDTA.Fe(II).
Laser ablation studies of the role of the Drosophila oocyte nucleus in pattern formation
Authors: Montell DJ , Keshishian H , Spradling AC
Published: June 2021

Somatic and germline cells interact during oogenesis to establish the pattern axes of the Drosophila eggshell and embryo. The role of the oocyte nucleus in pattern formation was tested with the use of laser ablation. Ablation in stage 6 to 9 egg chambers caused partial or complete ventralization of the eggshell, phenotypes similar to those of eggs produced by gurken or torpedo females. Accumulation of vasa protein at the posterior pole of treated oocytes was also disrupted. Thus the oocyte nucleus is required as late as stage 9 for dorsoventral patterning within the follicle cells and for polar plasm assembly in the oocyte.
Suppression of tumorigenicity in Wilms tumor by the p15.5-p14 region of chromosome 11
Authors: Dowdy SF , Fasching CL , Araujo D , Lai KM , Livanos E , Weissman BE , Stanbridge EJ
Published: June 2021

Wilms tumor has been associated with genomic alterations at both the 11p13 and 11p15 regions. To differentiate between the involvement of these two loci, a chromosome 11 was constructed that had one or the other region deleted, and this chromosome was introduced into the tumorigenic Wilms tumor cell line G401. When assayed for tumor-forming activity in nude mice, the 11p13-deleted, but not the 11p15.5-p14.1-deleted chromosome, retained its ability to suppress tumor formation. These results provide in vivo functional evidence for the existence of a second genetic locus (WT2) involved in suppressing the tumorigenic phenotype of Wilms tumor.
Draft Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp.
pneumoniae
CCI2, Isolated from Leaf Soil
Authors: Akita Hironaga , Itoiri Yuya , Takeda Noriyo , Kimura Zen-ichiro , Inoue Hiroyuki , Matsushika Akinori
Published: June 2021

Klebsiella pneumoniae
subsp.
pneumoniae
CCI2 was isolated from leaf soil collected in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The draft genome sequence comprises 78 contigs and contains 5,075,115 bp with a G+C content of 57.7%.
A quantification of the effect of diagenesis on the paleoredox record in mid-Proterozoic sedimentary rocks
Authors: Hutchings Alec M. , Turchyn Alexandra V.
Published: June 2021

Iron speciation in ancient sedimentary rocks is widely used to reconstruct oceanic redox conditions over geological time, specifically to assess the extent of oxic, euxinic (anoxic containing sulfide), and ferruginous (anoxic containing iron) conditions. We explore how post-depositional sedimentary processes can skew particular geochemical signals in the rock record. One such process is when aqueous sulfide—including that produced in the sediment column—reacts with sedimentary iron, converting non-sulfide, highly reactive iron minerals to iron-sulfide minerals; this can lead to increased preservation of iron as pyrite and an overestimation of seafloor euxinia. We show that sedimentary rocks with higher (>5 wt%) total iron content are more buffered to this effect and thus are a more reliable indicator of true water-column euxinia. When considering this effect in the geological past, we estimate that true euxinia in the mid-Proterozoic may have been as much as fourfold less than previously thought—more in line with other recent paleoredox proxies not based on iron minerals. Marine iron and sulfate concentrations were more equivalent in Proterozoic–Neoproterozoic oceans, suggesting this time period was particularly susceptible to this post-depositional alteration, explaining the extent of euxinia suggested for this geological interval.
Spatially variable provenance of the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Haobo , Nie Junsheng , Liu Xiangjun , Pullen Alex , Li Guoqiang , Peng Wenbin , Zhang Hanzhi
Published: June 2021

Loess sequences of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) compose one of the most complete Neogene–Quaternary terrestrial paleoclimatic archives. Understanding the CLP's sediment sources is critical to tracing Asian aridification, atmospheric circulation patterns, and Asian monsoon evolution. Commonly, the sediments that compose the Quaternary strata of the CLP are considered largely homogeneous, and thus numerous studies have applied a uniform source model when attempting to use CLP-derived proxies as paleoclimate indicators. Here we present large-n detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology data from the Quaternary CLP. These data support spatial variability in sediment provenance across the CLP. At least three distinct provenance zones are recognized for Quaternary loess strata: central western, eastern, and northeastern. These zones received sediment primarily from their neighboring river systems. This finding conflicts with the classic views that attribute the Quaternary loess principally to the deserts north and west of the CLP. We conclude that fluvial processes, and thus precipitation, played an important and previously underemphasized role in Quaternary dust production in northern China. Furthermore, nonuniformity in CLP Quaternary sediment provenance raises questions about the validity of using paleoclimate information archived in the CLP to make sweeping regional interpretations.
Electrical and Optical Properties of Nanocomposites Fabricated by the Introduction of Iodine in Porous Dielectric Matrices
Authors: Vanin A. I. , Kumzerov Yu. A. , Solov’ev V. G. , Khanin S. D. , Gango S. E. , Ivanova M. S. , Prokhorenko M. M. , Trifonov S. V. , Cvetkov A. V. , Yanikov M. V.
Published: June 2021

The electrical and optical properties of nanocomposite materials fabricated by the dispersion of iodine in porous dielectric matrices of zeolites, zeolite-like aluminum phosphates, opals, asbestos, and porous aluminum oxide are studied. It is demonstrated that the physical properties of the produced nanocomposites depend significantly on the structure of a matrix.
Blunt gastric rupture: a plural clinical presentation and literature review
Authors: Maltese Zuffo Bruno , Lucarelli-Antunes Pedro Souza , Pivetta Luca Giovanni Antonio , Assef José Cesar
Published: June 2021

Blunt trauma is still the leading mechanism of trauma found in patients admitted to trauma centres worldwide. In these patients, the gastric injury is a very rare lesion, occurring in less than 2% of all blunt traumas. Besides the low incidence, gastric rupture mortality is high, which makes the diagnosis an essential step. Thus, this study aims to report two blunt gastric injuries, with different clinical features, prompting the discussion about the main features of clinical suspicion and diagnosis, besides the main therapeutic approaches. Therefore, this study can alert the medical community to the quick diagnosis and assertive therapy, saving patients of unwelcome endpoints.
Malignant pheochromocytoma: pain, palpitation, perspiration and perplexities
Authors: Ananthakrishnan Nanditha , Sanniyasi Saravanan , Ravikumar Daniel
Published: June 2021

A 60-year-old man presented with headache, giddiness, abdominal pain and palpitation. When evaluated outside for the same, the patient was diagnosed to have hypertension and started on antihypertensives for which he did not respond. ECG was suggestive of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. The patient was subjected to a coronary angiogram, which was normal. Patient had multiple episodes of fluctuating blood pressures. CT of the abdomen showed a 7.1×5.6×8.2 cm mass in the left adrenal gland suggestive of a pheochromocytoma. Serum, urine metanephrines and normetanephrines were elevated. After discussing with the multidisciplinary team, the patient was stabilised with alpha blockers and taken up for laparoscopic left adrenalectomy. Histopathology was reported as pheochromocytoma with a Pheochromocytoma Adrenal Scaled Score of 10/20 suggestive of malignancy. This is one such case of a malignant pheochromocytoma, which was managed successfully despite the perplexities faced in stabilising the crisis followed by laparoscopic resection in a moribund patient.
Trigger point injections for axial back pain in adolescents
Authors: Peterson Elisha , Finkel Julia
Published: June 2021

Adolescents who participate in athletics or have abnormal musculoskeletal anatomy have higher incidences of back pain than non-athletic peers with normal anatomy. Significant time and money spent in diagnostic evaluations for axial back pain can result in treatment delay causing a subsequent decrease in quality of life. Myofascial trigger points are a commonly overlooked reason for axial back pain. They develop due to an abnormal myoneural connection in the setting of muscle overuse. Trigger point injections are a technically simple intervention that is both diagnostic and therapeutic in alleviating trigger point-mediated back pain. There are few complications from these injections, and they should be considered prior to surgical referral or fluoroscopic-guided interventions.
Dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint concomitant with Lisfranc joint dislocation in a 45-year-old man
Authors: Mizumoto Kanoko , Kimura Tadashi , Kubota Makoto , Saito Mitsuru
Published: June 2021

A 45-year-old man presented with severe pinch-point crush injury to his left foot. Plain radiographs revealed dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and dorsolateral dislocation of the basal phalanx and sesamoids. The first tarsometatarsal joint was subluxed in the plantar direction and the second to fourth tarsometatarsal joints were subluxed dorsally. The sesamoids were displaced dorsolateral to the metatarsal head. There was a longitudinal tear of the joint capsule at the medial margin of the medial sesamoid, which was sutured together with the abductor hallucis tendon and collateral ligament. The Lisfranc and dorsal ligaments in the tarsometatarsal joint were torn and repaired after reduction and fixed with a plate. One year after surgery, there was contracture of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, but the patient had no pain and was able to run.
Catastrophic bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss following COVID-19
Authors: Edwards Michael , Muzaffar Jameel , Naik Paresh , Coulson Christopher
Published: June 2021

Since December 2019, when it was first detected in Wuhan, the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has spread across the globe. The pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on the global population with >110 million confirmed cases and 2.5 million deaths. The most common initial symptoms of COVID-19 infection are cough, dyspnoea, fever, malaise and anosmia. Severe clinical manifestations include respiratory compromise, pneumonia, organ failure and death. There have been many other less common symptoms as a result of COVID-19 described in the literature, including significant rates of olfactory dysfunction. However, we believe there has been only one other previously documented cases of bilateral hearing loss.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a relatively common presentation seen by otolaryngologists. It is defined as rapid hearing loss, ≥30 dB occurring over 3 consecutive days in three contiguous sound frequencies. The exact pathological process is yet to be fully characterised, though it is most commonly unilateral and commonly develops shortly following viral infection. Treatment typically consists of glucocorticoid steroids administered orally, via intratympanic injection or a combination of both routes though there are currently no standardised management of these patients.

Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is rare, accounting for <2% of all cases. We describe a case of bilateral SSNHL in a 68-year-old patient who presented with profound hearing loss shortly after symptomatic infection with COVID-19, which at the time of publication is the first such case reported in the literature.
Localised cervical lymphadenopathy: a rare presenting sign of syphilis
Authors: Adriaansens Elisa Hendrika , van Winden Marieke E C , van Wijngaarden Peter
Published: June 2021

Recognising syphilis can be challenging due to enormous variability in disease presentation. We present a case of 56-year-old female patient, without any medical history, with unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and night sweats since 3 weeks. Initial differential diagnosis consisted of infectious disease, lymphoproliferative disease and autoimmune disease. Despite considerable diagnostic efforts, including serological tests for common infectious diseases, a CAT scan and histologic examination, no diagnosis was found. After reconsideration, serologic testing for syphilis was performed and was positive. Hereby, the final diagnosis of syphilis was made. Neurosyphilis and HIV coinfection were ruled out before treatment with benzylpenicillin was initiated. After which our patient made a full recovery. Treatment delay could have been considerably diminished if the localised lymphadenopathy was recognised as possible syphilitic disease. In future cases this could not only prevent further dissemination and potential morbidity in the individual patient as well as further emergence within the population.
Fetal Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome associated with abnormal quad test, placental mesenchymal dysplasia and HELLP syndrome
Authors: Jatavan Phudit , Tongsong Theera , Traisrisilp Kuntharee
Published: June 2021

We describe a unique case of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). A 29-year-old woman with ultrasound and clinical findings, specific to BWS is described. Important insights gained from this study are as follows: (1) quad test may be very useful to increase awareness of BWS. This is the first report, which demonstrated that elevated inhibin-A is related to BWS. Unexplained elevation of serum biomarkers, especially all the four markers, should raise awareness of BWS. (2) Early provisional diagnosis in this case was based on the findings of omphalocele, placental mesenchymal dysplasia and abnormal quad test. (3) Follow-up scans are important for late-occurring supportive findings, such as macroglossia, ear abnormalities and visceromegaly. (4) BWS is strongly associated with preeclampsia, which tended to be more severe and of earlier-onset. (5) Molecular genetic analysis is helpful, but not always necessary in cases of fulfilment of clinical criteria like in this case.
Exercising in the COVID-19 era: implications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Authors: O'Gorman Philip , Norris Suzanne
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 is a major public health pandemic. Risk factors for severe infection and poorer outcomes include cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lifestyle interventions, including diet and physical activity modifications, are the current recommended treatment for NAFLD. In this communication, the authors discuss the crossover link between NAFLD and severe COVID-19 infection and the impact of essential public health measures to suppress the spread of COVID-19 on exercise and physical activity participation in patients with NAFLD. The future of exercise prescription and the potential use of digital technology in addressing NAFLD healthcare needs in the COVID-19 era are also explored.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children with asthma in Jordan: a parental questionnaire
Authors: Al-Iede Montaha , Waters Karen , Aleidi Shereen M , Alqutawneh Basim , Alnawaiseh Hala , Alshraideh Araek , Almaaitah Sara , Mahmoud Raghad , Abualsoud Raya , Kiswani Arwa , Al-Zayadneh Enas , Yousef Al-Motassem
Published: June 2021

Objective

To evaluate the impact of a 10-week lockdown on children with asthma aged 4–17 years in terms of presentations to the emergency department (ED), frequency of admissions, compliance with medications and changes in pulmonary function testing results.

Design and setting

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study using Google Forms to collect parents’ and caregivers’ responses after they consented to participation.

Results

A total of 374 parents/caregivers were contacted and 297 (79%) responded. The majority of the children were male (188 or 63%) and 49.8% were aged 7–12 years. More than half of the participants (194 or 65%) reported improved compliance with medications and spacer use. There was a significant reduction in the number of presentations to the ED from 137 to 80 and admissions to hospital from 56 to 24 during the 10-week lockdown period compared with the same time period in the previous year (p≤0.0001). Around 25% of the participants used telemedicine by phone and social media applications for communication with their treating physician and 59 (80%) described it as easy and smooth.

Conclusion

The national lockdown in Jordan due to the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a fall in emergency presentations and hospital admissions for acute asthma exacerbations. Parental responses indicate that fears focused around COVID-19 were associated with enhanced compliance with use preventer medications during the lockdown.
Intracerebral administration of CTLA-4 and PD-1 immune checkpoint blocking monoclonal antibodies in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a phase I clinical trial
Authors: Duerinck Johnny , Schwarze Julia Katharina , Awada Gil , Tijtgat Jens , Vaeyens Freya , Bertels Cleo , Geens Wietse , Klein Samuel , Seynaeve Laura , Cras Louise , D’Haene Nicky , Michotte Alex , Caljon Ben , Salmon Isabelle , Bruneau Michaël , Kockx Mark , Van Dooren Sonia , Vanbinst Anne-Marie , Everaert Hendrik , Forsyth Ramses , Neyns Bart
Published: June 2021

Background

Patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGB) have a poor prognosis with a median overall survival (OS) of 30–39 weeks in prospective clinical trials. Intravenous administration of programmed cell death protein 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 inhibitors has low activity in patients with rGB. In this phase I clinical trial, intracerebral (IC) administration of ipilimumab (IPI) and nivolumab (NIVO) in combination with intravenous administration of NIVO was investigated.

Methods

Within 24 hours following the intravenous administration of a fixed dose (10 mg) of NIVO, patients underwent a maximal safe resection, followed by injection of IPI (10 mg; cohort-1), or IPI (5 mg) plus NIVO (10 mg; cohort-2) in the brain tissue lining the resection cavity. Intravenous administration of NIVO (10 mg) was repeated every 2 weeks (max. five administrations). Next generation sequencing and RNA gene expression profiling was performed on resected tumor tissue.

Results

Twenty-seven patients were enrolled (cohort-1: n=3; cohort-2: n=24). All patients underwent maximal safe resection and planned IC administrations and preoperative NIVO. Thirteen patients (cohort-1: n=3; cohort-2: n=10) received all five postoperative intravenous doses of NIVO. In cohort-2, 14 patients received a median of 3 (range 1–4) intravenous doses. Subacute postoperative neurological deterioration (n=2) was reversible on steroid treatment; no other central nervous system toxicity was observed. Immune-related adverse events were infrequent and mild. GB recurrence was diagnosed in 26 patients (median progression-free survival (PFS) is 11.7 weeks (range 2–152)); 21 patients have died due to progression. Median OS is 38 weeks (95% CI: 27 to 49) with a 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year OS-rate of, respectively, 74.1% (95% CI: 57 to 90), 40.7% (95% CI: 22 to 59), and 27% (95% CI: 9 to 44). OS compares favorable against a historical cohort (descriptive Log-Rank p>0.003). No significant difference was found with respect to PFS (descriptive Log-Rank test p>0.05). A higher tumor mRNA expression level of B7-H3 was associated with a significantly worse survival (multivariate Cox logistic regression, p>0.029).

Conclusion

IC administration of NIVO and IPI following maximal safe resection of rGB was feasible, safe, and associated with encouraging OS.

Trial registration

NCT03233152.
Identifying and monitoring of forage fish spawning beaches in British Columbia’s Salish Sea for conservation of forage fish
Authors: Tomlin Haley , Schellenberg Chrissy , Barrs Jacklyn B. , Vivani Alanna J.S. , Shaw Pam
Published: June 2021

Pacific sand lance ( Ammodytes personatus) and surf smelt ( Hypomesus pretiosus) are ecologically important forage fish in the marine food webs within the Salish Sea, including British Columbia (BC). Although important, little information exists around the spatiotemporal distribution of these fishes’ beach spawning habitat in the BC Salish Sea. In 2017, the Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Region Research Institute initiated spawning beach surveys within the Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Region (MABR). Surveys have geographically expanded along the eastern Vancouver Island coastline between Bowser and Cowichan Bay, BC, including Gabriola Island and Thetis Island. Pacific sand lance embryos have been detected at 17 beaches, with six beaches located within the MABR. Pacific sand lance spawning events have been detected between November and mid-February, with the bulk of embryos detected in November and December. To date, surf smelt embryos have not been detected at the 56 different beaches. These data begin to fill existing data gaps surrounding Pacific sand lance and surf smelt in BC. Furthermore, longer-term data submissions to the Strait of Georgia Data Centre, an open-access database, will provide the necessary data needed to advocate for improved regulatory protections for these ecologically important fish and their spawning habitat.
Theoretical predictions of structural electronic and optical properties of vanadium ferrite
Authors: Bushra Munir H. , Afaq A. , Bakar Abu , ul Aarifeen Najm , Ullah Farid , Fatima Rida , Asif Muhammad
Published: June 2021

The structural properties of Vanadium Ferrite VFe2O4 are reported for temperature range 0–1000 K using Density Functional Theory. A comparative study with the available experimental and theoretical data in the literature is also presented. Effects of temperature on lattice constant, volume and bulk modulus are deduced that with the increase in temperature, bulk modulus decreases and lattice constant slightly increases. This proves that the material VFe2O4 remains in the same cubic phase for temperature range 0–1000 K. In addition, the optical response is observed with six optical constants like absorption, reflectivity, eloss, dielectric functions, refraction and optical conductivity. Band structures and electronic density of states are also computed by using TB-mBJ potential. We hope that our findings would provide a help to experimentalists in fabricating VFe2O4 for temperature-sensitive optical devices.
Structure and stability of deformed partially hydrogenated carbon nanotubes
Authors: Mochalova Elizaveta M. , Kachina Alexandra A.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we study the effect of the axial deformation of carbon nanotubes in the zigzag and armchair directions on the stability of the interface between hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated regions. We analyze the specific energy of this interface as a function of the axial strain. We found that the clear interface can be obtained at a wider temperature range due to tube stretching. The energy barriers characterizing the process of hydrogen migration from the hydrogenated region of the nanotube to the pristine tube are calculated. It is concluded that the tube deformation significantly affects the stability of the system. For some tubes applied strain can qualitatively change the regularity of hydrogenation, changing the sign of the interface energy.
Matching Subscription Over Geo-Textual Streams from IoT via Social-Aware Clustering and Apache Flink
Authors: Huang Xiaohui , Deng Ze , Wang Lizhe , Liu Tao , Zhang Chengyu
Published: June 2021

Current location-based services (LBS) continuously generate a massive amount of geo-message streams. The cluster-based subscription matching method is an effective means to feed subscribers with related geo-messages from geo-message streaming. However, current cluster-based subscription matching methods only consider the spatial relationship and textual relationship and ignore users’ social relationship. As a result, the matching results may not completely satisfy the requirements of users. In this paper, we proposed a social-aware subscription matching method by taking spatial, textual, and social factors into consideration. Then, we used a cache strategy and a Flink-based acceleration process to reduce the extra time overhead caused by computing the social relationships. A set of extensive experiments have been conducted on a real dataset. The experimental results indicate that our method improves the recall of matching results. Besides, the Flink-based acceleration process with caching can speed up the subscription matching process by a ratio of up to 3.299 compared with the state-of-the-art.
A Multi-State Strategy for Structural Damage Detection Using Sensitivity of Weighted Transmissibility Function
Authors: Luo Ziwei , Liu Huanlin , Yu Ling
Published: June 2021

In practice, a model-based structural damage detection (SDD) method is helpful for locating and quantifying damages with the aid of reasonable finite element (FE) model. However, only limited information in single or two structural states is often used for model updating in existing studies, which is not reasonable enough to represent real structures. Meanwhile, as an output-only damage indicator, transmissibility function (TF) is proven to be effective for SDD, but it is not sensitive enough to change in structural parameters. Therefore, a multi-state strategy based on weighted TF (WTF) is proposed to improve sensitivity of TF to change in parameters and in order to further obtain a more reasonable FE model for SDD in this study. First, WTF is defined by TF weighted with element stiffness matrix, and relationships between WTFs and change in structural parameters are established based on sensitivity analysis. Then, a multi-state strategy is proposed to obtain multiple structural states, which is used to reasonably update the FE model and detect structural damages. Meanwhile, due to fabrication errors, a two-stage scheme is adopted to reduce the global and local discrepancy between the real structure and the FE model. Further, the [Formula: see text]-norm and the [Formula: see text]-norm regularization techniques are, respectively, introduced for both model updating and SDD problems by considering the characteristics of problems. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a simply supported beam in numerical simulations and a six-storey frame in laboratory. From the simulation results, it can be seen that the sensitivity to structural damages can be improved by the definition of WTF. For the experimental studies, compared with the FE model updated from the single structural state, the FE model obtained by the multi-state strategy has an ability to more reasonably describe the change of states in the frame. Moreover, for the given structural damages, the proposed method can detect damage locations and degrees accurately, which shows the validity of the proposed method and the reliability of the updated FE model.
Product Recommendation System Using Tunicate Swarm Magnetic Optimization Algorithm-Based Black Hole Renyi Entropy Fuzzy Clustering and K-Nearest Neighbour
Authors: Gupta Shefali , Dave Meenu
Published: June 2021

The recommendation system takes the information related to the user profile or interest to suggest the user with convenient materials that the user is interested in. Most of the existing implicit methods find the user preferences and automatically recommend the desired products in the interface, but failed to generate user-oriented results. Hence, an effective product recommendation method is developed in this research using the proposed Tunicate Swarm Magnetic Optimisation Algorithm-based Black Hole Renyi Entropy Fuzzy Clustering+K-Nearest Neighbour (TSMOA-based BHrEFC+KNN) to generate more user convenient result by grouping relevant products and recommends the similar products to users with great interest. The proposed TSMOA is designed by integrating the Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA) and Magnetic Optimisation Algorithm (MOA), respectively. With the entropy measure and Jaro–Winkler distance, the process of group matching and the matching sequence of visitor and query are performed more effectively that enable to achieve the sentiment classification based on the binary visitor sequence. The performance obtained by the proposed TSMOA-based BHrEFC+KNN is evaluated in terms of accuracy, True Positive Rate (TPR), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The performance of the proposed system is compared with the existing methods, such as Deep learning+Naïve–Bayes, K-medoids clustering+Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), BHEFC+Support Vector Machine (SVM) and TSMOA-Black Hole Entropy Fuzzy Clustering (BHEFC)[Formula: see text]Neural Network (NN), in which the TSMOA-BHEFC+NN obtained better results. The proposed TSMOA-based BHrEFC+KNN is 0.32%, 0.29%, 50%, and 6.44% is better than the existing TSMOA-BHEFC+NN in terms of accuracy, TPR, MAPE, and RMSE, respectively.
SWSA: A Hybrid Scientific Workflow Scheduling Algorithm Based on Metaheuristic Approach in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Abbasi Leyli , Momeni Hossien , Yaghoubi Mehdi
Published: June 2021

The cloud computing environment with a set of distributed computing resources is a suitable platform for the execution of large-scale applications. One of these applications is scientific workflow applications in which a large set of interrelated tasks are executed for a certain purpose. Scientific workflow scheduling is one of the main challenges in this area, which aims at the optimal assignment of tasks to computational resources. Given the heterogeneity of cloud computing resources, the scientific workflow scheduling is an NP-Complete problem that can be solved by heuristic methods. In this paper, an improved evolutionary algorithm called Scientific Workflow Scheduling Algorithm (SWSA) for scheduling scientific workflows in the cloud will be provided by ranking tasks and improving the initial population of tasks. The objective of this algorithm is to create a balance and an improvement in the parameters of the execution cost and workflow execution completion time. In this proposed approach, a heuristic algorithm is used to rank and generate the initial population, which increases the convergence rate. The experimental results show that SWSA is more efficient in terms of cost and execution time compared with other approaches.
Numerical Study of Thermal Diffusion and Diffusion Thermo Effects in a Differentially Heated and Salted Driven Cavity Using MRT-Lattice Boltzmann Finite Difference Model
Authors: Bettaibi Soufiene , Kuznik Frédéric , Sediki Ezeddine , Succi Sauro
Published: June 2021

We perform a numerical study of thermal diffusion and diffusion thermo effects on double diffusive mixed convection in a driven square cavity, differentially heated and salted using a hybrid lattice Boltzmann solver. The multiple relaxation time (MRT) for the lattice Boltzmann equation is used to obtain the velocity field whereas the temperature and concentration fields are deduced from energy and species balances equations using a finite difference method (FDM). The model is validated, resulting in satisfactory agreement with data from the literature. The different validations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Besides, the results showed that the Soret and Dufour numbers have great effects on the flow structure and heat and mass transfer.
Application of a New Hybrid Immersed Boundary Method for the Simulation of Viscous Compressible Flows
Authors: Mousavinia S. A. , Emdad Homayoun
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we present a hybrid immersed boundary method (HIBM) for the simulation of two- and three-dimensional compressible viscous flows around stationary and moving obstacles. The proposed approach combines the compressible boundary condition-enforced IBM proposed by Qiu et al. and the Brinkman penalization methods. The boundary condition-enforced IBM uses a fractional step approach alongside a Dirac delta function to satisfy the boundary conditions on the body surface. Although this method works properly in subsonic regimes, it cannot correctly simulate the wake region for a supersonic flow. On the other hand, the penalization method considers the body as a porous media with a low permeability that forces the velocity and energy inside the body to converge to the body velocity and energy. However, unlike the boundary condition-enforced IBM, the streamlines penetrate the body. In the present approach, the positive features of the above-mentioned methods were included and their drawbacks were excluded. The proposed approach was applied using the finite volume method and an E-CUSP scheme. The performance of the proposed method was numerically evaluated in simulating compressible fluid flow around both stationary and moving boundaries, showing a close agreement with other numerical and experimental data available in the literature. Further, the effects of geometry, Reynolds, and Mach numbers were investigated on the supersonic flow field around elliptical cylinders of various aspect ratios. The results revealed that increasing the aspect ratio led to an increase in the shock standoff distance, recirculation zone, and drag coefficient.
Inhomogeneous Large Deformation Study on Magneto-Thermal Sensitive Hydrogels
Authors: Hu Jianying , Toh William , Ng Teng Yong , Jiang Nan , Zeng Liangsong , Du Jianke , Liu Zishun
Published: June 2021

Due to the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), magnetically tuneable hydrogels have attracted considerable attention recently due to their ability to undergo remotely controlled large deformation. This work investigates the mechanics of the large deformation from the thermodynamics perspective for magneto-thermal sensitive hydrogels. The chemical thermodynamics of a temperature sensitive gel is first recapped before moving on to the thermodynamics of magnetism. Furthermore, an explicit energy form for the magneto-thermal sensitive hydrogel is adopted. The proposed field theory is implemented in a finite element method through the UHYPER subroutine. The finite element simulation results have been validated with analytical solutions at various temperatures and magnetic field strengths for MNPs entrapped PNIPAM hydrogel. We also utilize the numerical models to explain the interesting phenomena, including micro valves, bifurcation, and the opening of gel capsule for drug release delivery. The numerical deformation pattern for bifurcation is consistent with the experimental pattern, thus illustrating our theory and numerical method can provide future perspectives for device design of magneto-thermal sensitive hydrogel.
On the Stress Transfer and Mode Mixity for a Film of Finite Length Bonded to an Elastic Substrate
Authors: Wang Ting-Ting , Li Yi-Ran , Huang Gan-Yun
Published: June 2021

The configuration of film-substrate structure is widely involved in many aspects of technologies. To ensure high reliability and sound performance, it is of importance to understand the stress distribution and the adhesion at the interface. In the present work, within mind the film of finite width, a mechanical model has been proposed to analyze the traction at the interface between the film and an elastic substrate that may be subjected to either uniaxial stretching or bending. For incompressible substrates, the problem may be reduced to the solution of singular integral equations of Cauchy type and the tractions at the film’s edges have been revealed to exhibit the square-root singularity. Mode mixity has been calculated. By comparing the strain in the film when the system is subjected to uniaxial stretching with that from experiments on the adhesion between graphene and substrates, an agreement has been found and the implications of the present model in the measurement of adhesion energy have been discussed.
Structural and superconducting properties of Nb3Sn film for superconducting radio-frequency cavities synthesized via bronze route
Authors: Pan Feng , Lu Ming , Wu Andong , Chu Qingwei , Lu Ziwei , He Yuan , Tan Teng
Published: June 2021

Superconducting Nb3Sn films were synthesized via the ex-situ annealing of Nb-coated bronze precursors. The precursors were prepared by sputtering 2 [Formula: see text]m of niobium film onto a bronze surface. The annealing was conducted in a vacuum tubular furnace at a temperature not higher than 700[Formula: see text]C. By changing the annealing time and temperature, a series of Nb3Sn samples with critical temperatures ([Formula: see text] > 16 K were obtained. X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of the cubic Nb3Sn phase (A15 structure), whereas magnetic moment measurements indicated that critical temperature of the studied samples ranged from 16.2 to 16.5 K. Therefore, this study explores a new technique appropriate for creating copper-based Nb3Sn thin-film-coated superconducting radio-frequency (TFSRF) cavities.
Experimental Study of Indoor Air Quality for Cooling Condition Using ARDUINO System and PMV Index Testing the Effect of Heat Sources
Authors: Ifa Sondes , Driss Zied
Published: June 2021

The human thermal comfort and the indoor healthy air quality in the houses and the offices have become a vital necessity, especially in the state of the development of the contagious virus as the COVID-19. In this study, the evaluation of the air distribution was investigated using a DHTT sensor connected to an ARDUINO card to benefit their simple use and their reasonable price comparing to other tools such as the infrared camera. The measurement of the temperature is made in 14 points divided on two directions: one near the sitting manikin and another in front with the cooling system. The impact of the heat sources was tested. In these conditions, the indoor temperature was examined for an empty room, a room occupied by one person and one computer, a room occupied by two persons and two computers and a lighted room. The experimental results prove that the indoor temperature increases with the multiplication of the heat sources. From a temperature equal to [Formula: see text]C, the PMV curves move away from the comfort zone and the indoor climate becomes hot.