bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural, Mossbauer spectra and magnetic properties of Ni(1-x) Cdx Fe2O4 by solid state Reaction method
Authors: Abdulsamee Fawzi Abdul Aziz Al-Bayati
Published: April 2023

The preparation of Ni-Cd ferrite having the chemical formula Ni(1-x)CdxFe2O4 where x varies from 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 were synthesized by solid state reaction method. The X-ray analysis shows the existence of single phase spinel structure with increase of lattice parameter and density with increasing Cd contents were as the porosity decreases. The particle size was calculated by X-ray broadening studies. The Vickers hardness of Ni-Cd ferrite system variation between 532 to 568.6. The increase in hardness of composites results from increased Cd-content. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) showed that the average grain size was increases with the increase in Cd content. The variation of dielectric constant, loss tangent and AC conductivity as a function of frequency in frequency range 100Hz-5MHz was studied. The dielectric constants decreases with increasing frequency for all the samples and follow the Maxwell-Wagner's interfacial polarization. The Hall coefficient was found to be positive. It demonstrates that the majority of charge carriers of p-type. The magnetic properties of Ni(1-x)CdxFe2O4 ferrites were strongly affected by the Cd content. The Mossbaure spectra show canted spin structure for all the samples.
Design Secured Smart Door Lock Based on Jaro Winkler Algorithm
Authors: Sura Mahmood Abdullah
Published: April 2023

The security nowadays considered as significant topic specifically in design smart home. This paper is dedicated on an authentication problem in design smart door lock authentication using string matching technique based on password string.

This work contains two main parts, Android application (remote control) and control circuit using Arduino UNO, plus the communication medium based on Bluetooth technology which is used to send and receive information and commands in this work.

The main purpose of design smart door lock, using Jaro Winkler algorithm is to compare the registered password security with each entered password which may contain some wrong or swapped characters. The results show more strength authentication for access in real-time.
Center of Largest Area Defuzzifier Vnit VLSI Architecture
Authors: Asim Majeed Murshid  , Ahmed Chalak Shakir  , Sarmed Nihad Mohammed
Published: April 2023

Defuzzification unit combines fuzzy variables and fuzzy decisions to form a corresponding real (crisp or non-fuzzy) signal which can be used then to actuate some processes. Since the fuzzy data cannot be used directly for the real time applications, therefore it has to be converted into a crisp value. In designing the defuzzification unit in this work, the center of largest area has been used, because of its computationally efficient nature. The Center of Largest Area (COLA) of defuzzification is simple and is being generally used in comparison with more complex center of sums defuzzification method. The proposed architecture has been modeled in Very High Description Language (VHDL) and implemented in XILINX and Spartan field programmable gate arrays (FPGA).The proposed architecture is more efficient in area and the speed of operation in comparison with more complex architecture used for the Center of sums. The functional analysis has revealed that the proposed architecture is implementing COLA based defuzzifier efficiently and accurately.
Artificial Neural Network vs. Support Vector Machine For Speech Emotion Recognition
Authors: Mohamed. A. Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Today, the subject of emotion recognition from speech got the attention of many researchers who are interested in the topic of speech recognition and it has engaged in many applications. Furthermore, Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) a pivotal part of influential human interaction and it has been a modern challenge to speech processing. SER has two basic phases; which are, features extraction and emotion classification.

This paper presents a comparison in performances of two popular techniques used for classification that Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as well as Support Vector Machine (SVM). Furthermore, gives a view on the collection of corpus, feature extraction techniques and classification methods, which are regarding to emotion detection from wave speech signal.
CERTAIN SUBCLASSES OF MEROMORPHICALLY P-VALENT FUNCTIONS WITH POSITVE OR NEGATIVE COEFICIENTS USING DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR
Authors: Hazha Zirar Hussain
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we have introduced two subclasses  and  of meromorphically p-valent functions with positive and negative coefficients, defined by differential operator in the punctured unit disk  and obtain some sharp results including coefficient inequality, distortion theorem, radii of starlikeness and convexity, closure theorems of these subclasses of meromorphically p-valent functions. We also derive some interesting results for the Hadamard products of functions belonging to the classes  and .
Isolation and Identification of Some contaminant fungi and Detection of Aflatoxin in flour and produced bread and loaf in Duhok city
Authors: Eman A.R. Al-Mazorey  , Saleh Easa Mohammad
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to isolate and detect some contaminant fungi and its produced mycotoxins on flour and its produced bread and loaf in Duhok city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, This study included samples of local and imported flour (White & Black), and also the produced bread and loaf.

The study showed different species of contaminant fungi , and the fungus Aspergillus flavus was the dominant fungus, which isolated from both the local black flour and Iranian black flour, and fungus Penicillium sp, which isolated from both the local white flour and Iranian black flour, then fungus A.niger, which isolated from Iranian black flour only, and all the samples of produced bread and loaf were free from any contaminant fungi.

Investigation of effect of temperature degrees and cultures media on growth of the isolated fungi from flour samples, its cultured characteristics and microscopic picture, showed that this fungus is A.flavus, and there are two isolates (7,9) produced aflatoxin, which are local black flour and black Iranian flour respectively, but agreed with the allowed limits of World Health Organization.
Effect of the boiled cumin seeds extract in the glucose, some hormones concentration and aortic tissue in New Zealand white male rabbits fattened experimentally
Authors: Muntaha M. Al-Kattan  , Iman M. S.  Jallod
Published: April 2023

The present study was performed in Department of Biology/College of Science/University of Mosul to determine the effect of fattening New Zealand Albino male rabbits experimentally and use boiled cumin seeds extract in the glucose ,some hormones concentration and aortic tissue. It used 40 male from New Zealand albino rabbits and ages ranged from 10.8 months and weights ranging from 1400-1250gm,, divided into two groups of 20 rabbit / group and putted in separate cages. Fed  the first group to standard diet, while the second group fed special diet rich in fat for the purpose of fattening for a period of 12 weeks after a period all rabbits were weighted, and divided into four groups of 10 rabbit / group,  are control group,  Cumin group, fattening group and fattening with cumin: , all these groups underwent   standard condition of water and diet,, cumin group and group and fattening with cumin group dosing with2000 mg / kg body weight boiled cumin seeds extract for 8 weeks where a daily dosage.

The results showed that treatment with boiled cumin seeds extract may have led to a decrease in the concentration of glucose in each of cumin group and a fattening with cumin, while an event significant increase in the concentration of glucose in the fattening group, also showed occurrence of a significant decrease in the concentration of the insulin as compared to fattening , as well as the occurrence of significant increase in the concentration of each of the TSH , T3 and T4 hormones  in the all of group  treatment at boiled cumin seeds extract, while an event significant decrease of these hormones in fattening group as compared to control, as an improvement in the histological picture tissue aortic treatment boiled cumin seeds extracted.
Concentrations of heavy metals in the Euphrates rivers Eastern of Ramady
Authors: Diyya Khaleefah Hammood  , Reidh A.Abudl-Jabar
Published: April 2023

The present study was carried out on Euphrates rivers and tow canals of lakes AL-Tharthar and AL-Habania at eastern of AL-Ramady city in the Anbar governorate. Seven stations were selected at this study. The current study involved detect of concentration of some heavy metals and their effect on Euphrates rivers waters, during the period from November 2012 to June 2013 .The concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, iron, zinc and copper ions)  were within the allowed limits the ranges of were (0.0006-0.005) (0.011-0.31), (0.005-0.13) and (0.011 – 0.19) mg/L, respectively. Lead concentrations were ranged (0.007 – 0.87) mg/L, which was slightly high compared to the allowed  limits.
Isolation and Diagnoses of Some Microbial and Chemical Pollutants in Raw Milk Samples Which Collected From Some Regions in Salah al-din Province
Authors: Ahmed Ismael AL-Nazal
Published: April 2023

Samples of raw milk were collected from different regions in salah al-din province which marketing to one of ice houses and appropriation to the collection and cooling of raw milk storage at (5 Co) for 24-48 hours before rew marketing to the dairy plants or dealers, the number of samples which taken were (20) Samples. Swabs were taken from the udder of cows belonging to suppliers to determine the causes and incidence of microbial contamination. It was after that diagnosis types of micoorganisms that can found in such circumstances of storage and study their properties with focus on Listeria monocytogenes.

It was farther determine the degree of contamination of milk samples with some heavy metals, Which including, cadmium, Lead , Zinc , Copper.

Many types of bacteria were isolated and dignosed belongs to aerobic bacteria and coli from group of lactose fermented species, E. Coli and Klebsiella sp. And non lactose fermented which is Enterobacter aerogenosa, L. monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus bacteria isolated, as well as yeast and molds , and the rate of total number reached: 5.78, 5.95, 5.71, 2.53, 2.33 log10 cfu/ml. Isolation function are also given other types of bacteria which belongs to Bacillus sp. , Pseudomonus sp., Staph. Aureus , and Micrococcus sp. In 8 swab samples.

The results showed that the highest concentration of heavy metals of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu in raw milk samples was 0.18, 0.25, 2.10, 1.05 mg/lit respectively. A sensitivity test of L. monocytogenes toward a number of antibiotics was found that this bacteria sensitive towards both of Ampicillin, Chloramphinicol, Erythromycin, and Tobbramycin. But it is resistant to antibiotics, Naldixic acid, Novabiocin , and cefotaxime.
The effect of some vegetable powders of life on the permance of the Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab) (Coleoptera: chrysomelidae)
Authors: Hanan Khalid Ibrahim  , Burhan M.M Ad-dulemiy
Published: April 2023

Laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the treatment of the seeds of cowpea three types of vegetable powders (eucalyptus, oleander and watercress) in some aspects of life for South cowpea beetle C. maculatus and different concentrations (1.3, 5.7) g / g seeds, Results showed superiority powder Eucalyptus leaves morally on the rest of powders in reducing the number of eggs laid by adult reaching 27.83 egg in comparison with control, which amounted to 67.00 egg, and a higher proportion of the expulsion amounted to 58.45%, compared with less percentage of expulsion in the treatment of watercress amounted to 49.87%, the lowest number insects emerging stood at 26.7 compared with the highest number of insect insects emerging in the treatment of insect control amounted to 65.00, The highest percentage cut for members of the first generation amounted to 58.84% compared to the lowest rate in the treatment of watercress amounted to 54.17%, the lowest rate damage to the seeds of cowpea amounted to 61.66% compared to the highest proportion of damage to the seeds in the treatment of control amounted to 100%, the results showed that the highest percentage of germination of seed treatment powder Eucalyptus reached 97.33%, which was not significantly different from the rates of germination in seed treatment Bmshouka Defla and watercress, which amounted to 94.66 and 97.33%, respectively
Preparation of Biofertilizer from Azospirillum brasilense Bacteria and test its Impact on Growth and Yield of Wheat Triticum aestivum L. in Gypsiferous Soil
Authors: Abedul Kareem Erabi Sabaa Alkurtany  , Shaimaa Abd Mohhamed Ali  , Ayad Ahmed Hamada
Published: April 2023

After confirm the bacterial strain that it is belong to Azospirillum brasilens and test the efficiency on nitrogen fixation , Indolic Acetic Acid (IAA) Hormone production , this strain was grown in slants and transferred to liquid broth in the rotary shaker to prepare mother (starter) culture which contain 5 x 109 CFU.ml-1  and then mixed starter culture with two types of carriers ( powder of date palm nucleus and powder of olive nucleus).

After that, field experiment was conducted in gypsifores soil ( Typiccalcigypsids) to study the efficiency of this biofertilizer on promoting the wheat growth and yield at three levels of nitrogen (0 , 50% , 100%) of fertilizer recommendation .

Results showed that the biofertilizer which was added alone either with date palm nucleus powder or with olive nucleus caused significant increases in plant high , dry weight of vegetative part , roots dry weight after 60 days from germination and the dry weight of straw and grain yield compare with control treatment with percentage increases of 22.68 , 92.84 , 171.01 , 75.5% for biofertilizer which held on date palm nucleus powder and  21.2 , 59.46 , 134.7 , 40.01 and 37.11% respectively . Also the results refered to not significant differences between two carriers. The result also appear that the beneficial effect of biofertilization continuous with increase of nitrogen levels , the treatment ( biofertilize with date palm nucleus powder + 100% nitrogen fertilizers) gave highest values in straw and grain yield where is ( 5.41 and 4.30 ) ton. ha-1 in compare with the same treatment which take half of fertilizers recommendation which gave (5.33 and 3.86) ton.ha-1. Also the result showed significant effect of bio-fertilization on the number of Azospirillum bacteria , ( 32 x 104 and 30 x 104 )CFU . gm-1soil for bio-fertilizer which was carried on date palm nucleus powder and olive nucleus powder, respectively in compare with control which gave 13.33 x 104 CFU. gm-1soil.
Determine Type and Concentration of Active Ingrediants For Some Local Plants by using Technique High Performance Liquid Cromotography (HPLC)
Authors: Ayyub j.Abdlrahmaan Al-bayaty
Published: April 2023

Plants of Plantago, Silybum marinum and Achilla located from several regions of Governorates (Sulaimania, Diala, Salah-deen and Kurkuk) in order determine type and concentration Active Ingrediants For this plants by using HPLC echnique.The plants dried on the shade and 5gm of each plants taken and put in plastic can for analysin.The analysis made in the chemical Laboratores of ministry Science and Technology which showed plantago plant contain the following compounds: Salysilic acid, kaempferol, Gentisic Vanilic acid, Chlorogentic acid, Coumaric acid, ferulicacid andAucubin by 34.93%,4.55%,2.72%,1.67%,0.70%,8.59%,21.42% and9.12% while contain compounds: Silychrstin A, Silychrstin B, Silybins A, Isosilybin s A, Silydianin, Silybins by42.24%,14.89%,30.23%,3.30%,2.74%,4.86% and1.71% B. And plnat Achillea contain: Camphen,) Terpinine (α and ϒ), borneol, phellandrene-01, Terpihen-4-01, Terpeenin, terpinol, Piperitone and Cinol 8-1by 4.31%, 3.35%, 24.43%,7.73%,24.88%,7.56%,7.13%,12.8% and7.77%.
The effect of Borag officinalis infusion in histological structure of lung and some blood parametars in white male mice
Authors: Kawkab S.Al-qaissi  , Mousa J.Al-Humesh  , Sarah F. Al-shamani
Published: April 2023

This study is designed to recognize the side effects of Borago officinalis infusion on the histological structure of  lung and some blood  parameters (WBCs, PLTs, Hb ,P.C.V ).

Ten Swiss white male mice were used,  they were   divided into two groups:

First group (G1): included five animals given a dose of 0.5ml of the physiological solution (Normal saline) by means of an oral-stomach pipe, for 10 days. It was considered to be the control group.

Second group (G2): included five animals given a dose of 0.5ml of Borago officinalis infusion by concentration %7 by means of an oral-stomach pipe for 10 days.

At the end of experiment all animals were killed and colleccted blood samples were collected gathered in  tubes containing EDTA  salt, and the Lungs were removed and preserved  in  formalin 10% .

The results showed the following:

A significant decrease (P≤0.05) occurred in the rate of (P.C.V) bulk volume percentage of blood and Hb concentration of the second   group(G2)  when compared with the animals of the control group . And there was a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the average of cellular heamoglobin MCHC of the (G2) compared with control group animals.

There was a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the rate of blood platelets (PLT) and in the rate of the total amount of the white blood cells (WBC),in second group (G2 ) compared with the control group (G1).

Histological examination showed occurrence of degenerative changes in the histological structure of the mice lung Hyperplasia and infiltration of lymphocytes in the walls of the trachea and rupture the walls of the alveoli in some areas and increase the thickness of the walls in other areas .

This study concluded that infusion Borago officinalis concentration 7% revealed a negative effected on the histological structure of lung and some blood parameters .
Isolations and Identification of bacteria present in the fluids Save contact lenses used by some students girls of the Tikrit University
Authors: Shaymaa  Naji  Daham  , Hayfaa Rajab Alwan  , Hind Tariq Hamed
Published: April 2023

The number of people who wear contact lenses (CLS) has been especially increased in the past decade as an alternative to glasses, but many of them do not realize the extent of the hazards involved, and these risks Keratitis associated with microbial causes, so this study included isolation and identification the bacteria in fluids save to  lenses with 42 users of contact lenses of students in inner section in the Tikrit University. The study showed the presence of different bacterial groups in the fluids keeping contact lenses which included Staph. epidermis with percentage 30.30% and Staph. Aureuswith percentage 21.21% and the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia  precentage 18.18% and also was diagnosed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and with 9.09%, while the intestinal bacteria Serratia odorfera where it was obtained with 6.06%. As for the sensitivity of the bacterial isolates to antibiotics, the study proved that more antibiotic effect on gram positive and negative bacteria is erythromycin followed by chloramphenicol while more antibiotic resistance by bacteria is ezithromycin, due to the erroneous and excessive use of these drugs by people.
Synthesis and characterization of Azo derivatives containing pyrazole ring
Authors: Ibtisam Taufek Ameen  , Gazwan  Hassan  Al-Soumadaiy  , Khudhair. Aba'as Khudhair
Published: April 2023

This research included the preparation of new pyrazole derivatives from the condensation of the benzoyl acetone with carboxylic acid hydrazide in ethanol as a solvent. The reaction included two steps from the tetra surfaces nucleophilic addition and cyclisation process in second step. The pyrazole derivatives products were reacted with Diazonium salts.

The prepared compounds were characterized by infrared, Nuclear Magnatic resonance spectroscopy and the completing of the reaction was checking by the TLC.
A comparative study impact of real estate Tenordin and Captosam on the activity of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in patients with chronic high blood pressure
Authors: Othman Rashid AL-Samarrai  , Ali Rashid Hameed
Published: April 2023

A study was conducted on 64 serum samples of blood from people [36 male and 28 female] aged between 48-65 years old, 47 of whom suffer from chronic high blood pressure, and divided the patient samples to the first group using the drug Tenordin, and a second set using drug Captosam, and 17 healthy sample 9 male and 8 Female control group for comparison.

The results showed a significant increase in the activity of the alkaline phosphatase ALP for the first group, 19.44±2.94 Kind and King/100ml compared with control group 14.24±2.14 Kind and King/100ml. The second group showed a significant decrease enzyme activity, amounting to 7.16 ± 1.90 Kind and King/100ml compared with the control group.

Three different concentrations of drugs Captosam and Tenordin were prepared and studied their impact on the effectiveness of the enzyme ALP in vitro, and results showed that the drug Tenordin shows a strong activating effect, but the drug Captosam showed remarkable inhibition effect. Also studied the kinetics of the effect of a drug Captosam inhibitor on the activity of the enzyme and the results showed that the value of Km is 6.8965 mmol /L, while the value of Vmax are 12.5 mmol /L min., as results showed when studying the inhibition of the low values ​​of Km and Vmax, as the value of Km is 3.077 mmol /L, while the Vmax value was 5.555 mmol /L min., and shows that the inhibition type is Uncompetitive.
Microfacies and depositional environment of Shiranish Formation in kirkuk Oil fields north Iraq
Authors: Sawsan H . Alhazaa  , Faris N .AL-Juboury  , Abdalkkader A .AL-Juboury
Published: April 2023

This study is reveal the characteristics of Shiranish Formation to elucidate the sedimentological properties of Kirkuk Oil fields north of Iraq from wells k-331, k-334, k-411. The studied rocks are consist of limestone, shaley limestone, marly limestone and thin bedded of marl. Facies analysis showed that the exact composition of Shiranish sequences composed of three facies succession of President rich Balmikarait and shells Alforamenavera floating. These facies and depending on popularity are Lime Wackestone Microfacies and Lime Mudstone Microfacies, these facies are divided in turn into secondary facies which Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Wackestone Submicrofacies (W1), and Bioclastic Lime Wackestone Submicrofacies (W4). Depending on Facies and environmental analysis shows that the composition of sequences have deposited within the basin foreland achieved on the inactive edge Arabian plate and deposited in deep bathyal and out shelf environment
Study Some Physical Properties For Soil In Tuz khormatu North Of Iraq
Authors: Abdullah Fouad Ibrahim Al Bayaty  , Amera Ismail Hussain Koshnow
Published: April 2023

In this research, a study of some physical properties for the soil of tuz khormatu have been achieved of evaluating these properties represented by physical properties for five locations with different depths. The results of Particle size analysis have showed that the soil of study area is not homogeneous and it contains a wide range of particle sizes and difference in particle sizes ratio that form the soil. The coarse soil is dominating in the study area with varying ratios with less ratios of fine soils. The coarse and fine sedimentations comes successively because of the successive flood waves. whereas most results of Atterburg limits showed that the fine soil has moderately plastic. and The specific gravity values for fine soil has ranged between (2.59-2.88) whereas The specific gravity for coarse soil (2.64-2.66).and the compaction results have showed that the maximum dry density for fine soil has ranged (1.845-2.006)g/cm3 and the optimum moisture content (10.33-12.3)% while the maximum dry density of coarse soil is (2.285-2.306) g/cm3 and the optimum moisture content (4.725-5.275)%. And the results of (C.B.R) for two samples of coarse soil (73-120)% at (95%)of compaction
GEOTECHNICAL ASSESMENT FOR YAYCHEE TOWN- KIRKUK/NORTH IRAQ
Authors: Khaled  Ahmed  Abdullah  , Omar Abdalnasser Waies
Published: April 2023

The research includes evaluation of geotechnical properties of Quaternary deposits in various locations in terms of Yaychee / Kirkuk, physical tests showed that the soil moisture content (mc%) in areas ranging from (1.95 to 16.74%), while showing the values results of specific weight ( Gs) ranging from (2.65 to 2.76), and the results of the grain size analysis showed that the soil study area is homogeneous and contains a wide range of different sizes and granules in the proportion of volumes grained constituent of the soil .Az was soft soil is predominant in the study area and rates mixed with a less than soils coarse ratios according to the results of the atterberqe limits (Liquid Limit and plastic Limit) showed that the soil type (CL) of mud and a low-plasticity with the exception of soil second location which Silty and Low plasticity (ML), while the results showed the engineering tests of the examination direct shear values that internal friction angle ranged between (35-41°) and the cohesion between (60-100 kpa), while the results of the Consolidation test in the study area showed transaction values ranging from effective pressure (Po) (16.09-21.39 kpa ), and the pressure of the preconsolidation (Pc) (65-240 kpa), and the proportion of voids (eo) (0.52 -1.061), and compression modulus (Cc) (0.22-0.339), and swelling coefficient (Cr) (0.029- 0.166), the soils excessively Consolidation O.C.R, and the chemical analysis it was observed low proportion of gypsum, and organic content of soils base and low for the content of soluble salts.
Study the electrical properties of ZnO/p-Si heterojunction prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis
Authors: Abdul Majeed E.Ibrahim  , Raid A. Isma'el  , Enad S.Ibrahim  , Essam M.Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

In this work prepared ZnO/p-Si heterojunction by using spray pyrolysis method (CSP) from Zinc acetate solution (Zn(CH3COO)22H2O) on (111) oriented p-type silicon substrate with dimension (1cmx1cm) composed with (0.2M) at (350 Co), and studying The electrical properties of ZnO/p-Si heterojunction. (I-V) characteristic in dark and illumination, (C-V) characteristic and The built- in potential (Vbi) is calculated, while from I-V measurements, the ideality factor (β), the Rectification Factor(F) and (Iphoto/Idark) ratio are calculated.
Virtual Reality and Its Role in Supporting the Armed Forces and the Supportive Agencies
Authors: Qasim Mohammed Hussein
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to create a virtual reality system to control and management the military and the supportive agencies on-field operations. The system provides immediate interaction to the leaderships with the events to manage the on-field operations, which contributes in the increasing the speed and flexibility of repelling terrorist attacks and responding to them in real time.

As well as, the paper publicizes the importance of virtual reality and its features as a computer technique, and the possibility of investing its applications in the habilitation and training of the members of armed forces, popular crowd and security agencies to increase the combat capabilities of them in the face of terrorism.
Detecting and Estimation Change-point in Dynamic Systems using Segmentation Technique
Authors: Thafer Ramathan Muttar AL-Badrany  , Najlaa Saad Abraham Al-Sharaby
Published: April 2023

There is no doubt that the sudden changes in dynamic behavior of the system greatly influences the choice of the appropriate model to represent this behavior, From here comes the importance of the discovery points that change in dynamic behavior of the system, Enabling the researcher of this behavior to segmentation it to groups or sectors in a manner cutting each line itself and this provides the Researcher the possibility of fitting appropriate model for each sector or department represents the best representation of the data. Discovery points of changing and estimation it is one of the critical issues, and in this research we use package of statistical and engineering criterion used in the discovery and estimation of the change points. The application by used simulation data.
Monitoring of the Numrrical Density of WhiteflyTrialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood and Leafhopper Erthroneura adanae, on Tomato Plant.
Authors: Rabah Hassan Saady  , Haron Hamed Aleoia
Published: April 2023

Field study in  Asihage / Salah Al –Din governmentt during the season 2014/2015 for the purpose of examining the density of insects E. adanae, tomato plant T. vaporariumi and aprograme for taking the sample during the foure months March, Aprile, May and July. results showed that the highest rate of adult T. vaporariumi was during the month of April  which was 13.62 /plant. Also the results showed that the highest rate of adults tomato plant E. adanae  occurance the month of March 63.11 /plant
Effect of aqueous extract Lawsonia inermis leaves on Urea, Creatinine and Histological of kidneys in white male Rats exposed to oxidative stress of H2O2
Authors: Muhammed K. Ibrahem
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to examine, the effect of Effective aqueous extract Lawsonia inermis leaves as antioxidant  on concentration of  Urea ,Criatinine and Histological of kidneys in Albino male Rats exposed to hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress. This study showed that 0.5%  hydrogen peroxide concentration leds to significant increase (P<0.05( in concentration of serum urea and creatinine  comparing  with control group. While the aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis concentration (50mg/kg) led to significant decrease (P<0.05) in concentration of serum urea and creatinine compare with control group. Also the results showed no significant increase in concentration of urea and creatinine in group exposed to oxidative stress and aqueous extract of Henna comparing with control group. The histological results of the kidney treated with (0.5%) H2o2 showed degeneration, congestion, lymphatic infilteration, vacuolation in the renal tubules with necrosis comparing with control. While sections of kidney treated with aqueous extract of Henna showed normal appearance of the renal  tubules. Histological investigation of kidneys rats treated with H2O2 and extract of Henna showed improvement  in histological picture with reduction in infilteration, vacuolation and necrosis but the tissue did not return back to the normal state.
Effect of Antihistamines (Fexofenadineand Chlopheneramine) on activity some hepatical enzymes by using fertilized hens eggs embryos as a model
Authors: SihamAgmeeWadee  , Mohammad Kailed Shindala
Published: April 2023

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of antihistamines(Chlorpheneramineand Fexofenadine) on (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate amino transpherase and alanine amino transferase) in tissue of fertilized hens eggs embryos as indicator to tissue damage. The injection of fertilized hen's eggs with antihistamines Fexofenadine at 12th day of incubation in  doses (0,5,0,1mg/ egginto air sell)after 24 hour of treatment induce significantly decrease in tissues activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP),aspartate amino transpherase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) compared with control group in adose-dependent manner.Ingection of Chlorpheneramineat dose (0,5,0,1 mg/egginto air cell)induce  significantly decrease in tissues activity ofalkaline phosphatase  and aspartate amino transpherase compared with control group, but no significant decrease in tissue activity of  alanine amino transpharase(ALT)at dose(0,5,0,1mg/egg) compared with control group.Compare the effect of ChlorpheneramineandFexofenadine on some biochemical parameters, chlorpheneramine cause significan decrease intissues activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) larger than the group which terated withfexofenadine in the same dose, also chlorpheneramine cause significan decrease intissues activity of aspartate amino transferase larger than the group which treated with fexofenadine in same dose.We conclode the antihistamines hasharmful effects to tissueschick embryorepresented by the changes in activity of some biochemical parameter which its consider as a marker for damage this tissue
Histopathological effects of Appendectomy on rabbit liver
Authors: Shurooq Hameed Majeed Al-nassiri
Published: April 2023

Inorder to detect the effect of excision the appendex on histological structure of rabbit Liver. This study was done in the field of poultry at the department of Animal resource / college of Agriculture / university of Tikrit for the period from 10/1/2014 until 1/6/2014, and the results showed significant changes in the histological structure consisted changes were the shape and size of Liver cells and appearance of focal agregation of lymphocytes distributed among hepatic cells in portal areas and around central veins as well as fibrosis the Liver and infiltration of white boold cells, including phagocytic cells in the interstitial tissue with the emergence of an increase in the thickness of the epithelium of gall bladder ducts and presence many of Kupffer cells in the sinusoids.
Some aspects of the integrated control of cucurbits fruit fly Dacus ciliatus (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) on cucumber crop
Authors: Safaa Zakaria Baker
Published: April 2023

Field experiment  was carried out during the autumn season in the Alam area in the east of Tikrit to study the integration of the three types of chemical pesticides (Media, Wide and Decis) and four cucumber varieties (Gazer, Amin, Najim and  Zena) and Mass trapping technique by using Macphil traps that they contained female food attractive FLYCAP MASS to control  cucurbits fruit fly Dacus ciliatus (Loew) in three open fields, the first field applied pesticides only, the second field applied pesticides and Mass trapping technique traps, and the third field for comparison (without pesticides and traps), was conducted two sprays for pesticides, the first spray after fruits setting directly and the second spray after week of the first spray .                     
Results showed that the application of pesticides alone in the first field had not been able to give good protection to the cucumber fruits from injury with cucurbits fruit fly Dacus ciliatus while  the treatment of pesticides , varieties and Macphil traps in the second field that integrated each other in reducing the percentage of infected fruits  to achieve good protection of the fruits and they showed  that Integration between  Mass traping technique  by using Macphil traps  that they contained FLYCAP MASS and Najim variety and Decis pesticide gave lower infected fruits percentage from 84.15% to 18.61%  after one week of second spray, and reduce the number of larvae in Najim variety  fruits from 7 Larva / fruit to 0.67 Larva / fruit and they  reduced  numbers of adults in the second field to 69.15% compared with the reduction percentage of the adults did not exceed 27.15% in the first field (treated with pesticides only) after one week of second spray.
Study the effect of kerosene on some physiological activities in Oscillatoria splendida
Authors: Ali Muayad Sultan  , Hammed S. Khamees  , Ayman A. Saleem
Published: April 2023

The effect of different concentration of Kerosene had been examined upon Oscillatoria splendida, The optical density had been depended as measure for growth as well as chlorophyll a concentration, Phycocyanin pigment and protein concentration as an indicator of Kerosene effects, in addition to morphological changes. The optical density of growth in the control sample was (0.34), while it was (0.23) at 0.25% of kerosene concentration, It is noted slowing growth with high concentration of kerosene treatment, at 0.5% peak of growth was (0.08), and resisted the influence of the Kerosene transactions 1% and 2%, but with low growth values. concentration of chlorophyll pigment under effect of 0.25% was (0.32) mg /ml, for as low as (0.165) mg /ml at 0.5% of kerosene, Chlorophyll concentrations have fallen to the minimum under the influence of transactions 1% and 2%. Protein concentration was (0.215, 0.86) mg/ml under the influence of kerosene transactions 0.25% and 0.5% respectively, In spite of the doubling kerosene concentration to 1% and 2%, but the values of the protein did not reduced Completely. Some morphological changes were observed under the effect of kerosene such as yellowing of cells colors with a slight increase in the length of the cells. As well as the absorption spectrum infrared by FTIR show that the Oscillatoria splendida consume many of bundle such as (2870) cm-1 and (2950) cm-1, also the disappearance 2300) cm -1, 1500 cm -1, with the appearance a new bundle at (800) cm-1 Attributed to the introduction of a new compound not found in control sample.
Isolation and identification of fungi associated with root rot disease in broad bean caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Kuhn)and select the disease suppresser species as biological control agents 2.Induced resistance markers by Trichoderma harzianiumand their
Authors: Abdullah Abdulkareem Hassan  , Maareb Ahmed Awad
Published: April 2023

The antagonism ability of the15 species of fungi associated with rot roots disease against the pathogen R.solani showed the growth of fungus T. harzianumwas faster than the pathogen R.s which cover all area of the perti plate with the antagomism degree 1.33. A field experiment was carried out in 2011/2012 in Agriculture College /Tikrit University for the test of the induction of a systemic resistance by T. harzianumagainst root rot disease caused by R.s in three cultivars of broad bean. Shabila cultivar infected with R.s and treated with T. harzianumgave maximum seeds germination (98.67%) compared with 67.67% in the infected and untreated plants. Maximum specific activity of Peroxidase was 10.9 unit/mg protein recorded in the infected and treated (with T. harzianum) local cultivar,while maximum specific activity of β-1,3glucanase was 0.289 unit/mg protein recorded in the uninfected and treated local cultivar,  in the infected and treated Barshlona cultivar, maximum specific activities of Chitinase and Phenyl alanine ammonialyase were 0.074 and 2.089 unit/mg protein, while maximum specific activity of Poly phenol oxidasewas 2.163 unit/mg protein recorded in the infected and treated Shabila cultivar.Maximum total phenols was 19.22 mg/g tissue recorded in the infected and treated local cultivar. T. harzianum reduce the percentage of dead cells from 75.3, 70.0 and 58.3% in the infected local,Shabila and Barshlona cultivars to 20.07,30.0 and 44.4% in the infected and treated these cultivars,respectively.in addition, T.h reduced the percentage of disease severity from, 44.67, 50.67 and 44.67% in the infected local,Shabila and Barshlona cultivars to 14.3, 23.67 and21.93% in the infected and treated these cultivars, respectively, while the productivity of these infected cultivars increased  from 53.7,34.8 and 74.3 g of fresh seeds to 104,68 and 158.8 g of fresh seeds when treated with T. harzianum.
Biochemical Study for Effect the Alcoholic Extract in of Thymus vulgaris lowering the Induced Toxicity of Liver and Kidney in Albino Mice
Authors: Yasmin Hameed Jasim  , Meena Abd-Alsalam Mustafa  , Amjad Abawy
Published: April 2023

Biochemical study in the effect of  alcoholic extract of Thymus vulgaris in lowering the incluced toxicity of liver and kidney in Albino Mice mice. The am of this study is to study the effect of Thymus vulgaris and investigate the ethanolic extract on the levels of liver and kidney enzymes of mice. Thirty albino mice average weight (25-30)gm were divided into 5 groups as follow:group1; has given normal diet as control group.
group2; (injected with carbon tetrachloride CCl4), group3 (injected with CCl4 + 0.5mg/ml Thymus vulgaris sativa extract), group4 (injected with CCl4 + 1mg/ml Thymus vulgaris extract), and group5 (injected with CCl4 + 2mg/ml Thymus vulgaris extract). Serum liver and kidney functions tests were estimated. The results showed that Thymus vulgaris extracts at concentration of 2mg/ml improved liver and kidney functions. This study concluded that, Thymus vulgaris extracts may exert their prophylactic and treatment role against oxidative stress caused by CCl4 by increasing/maintaining the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Biochemical detection showed the  extract contains of tannins, glycosides and oils that the Thymus leaves,
Study of some biochemical parameters in blood serum of hyperthyroidism patients
Authors: Sheerin Farok Shaker
Published: April 2023

The Thyroid disease is a common problem that can cause symptoms because of over- or under-function of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is an essential organ for producing thyroid hormones, which maintain the body metabolism. The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck below Adam's apple. Thyroid disease can also lead to enlargement of the thyroid gland in the neck, which can cause symptoms that are directly related to the increase in size of the organ (such as difficulty in swallowing and discomfort in front of the neck). This study included30 blood samples from Patients with Hyperthyroidism, compared with 30 blood samples from healthy people as a control. The results showed the presence of high-rise significantly in the concentration of the hormone T3 hormone T4 In Patients group's compared with the control group, while there was a significant decrease in the concentration of TSH and no significant differences in concentrations of both albumin sodium, potassium and chloride ions
Measuring Omeaga Fatty Acids in some of Iraqi Iocal Nutrients
Authors: Nuha A. Hadi AL-Samarrai  , Abdul-Mun'em H. Mageed  , Khalaf F. Attiya
Published: April 2023

The study is about measuring the unsaturated fatty acids, as well as, Omega fatty acids by using GC/Mass in addition to HPLC to extract and measure the fatty acids of some of  Iraqi local nurtures. Concentrated extracts of local linseed oil, sunflower oil, butter, as well as,  black seed, and, extracted oil of Carp fish  were measured. the results are shown in tables 6 and 7.Calcium, Potassium, Iron, Zinc, and Magnesium rates into the extracted oils were measured by Atomic Absorption apparatus, the results are shown in table 4.The biochemical characteristics such as moisture, solid contents percentage as well as, acidity, Iodine, Saponifying, peroxide and ester values. The results are shown in table 3.In comparison to the samples the results showed that extracted oil of Carp fish contains approx. 74.6% of Omega 3, while sunflower oil  contains 59.6% of Omega6.
Studying the Structural and Optical Properties of ZnO how Prepared by oxidation free quick hating
Authors: Abdul Majeed E. Ibrahim  , Raid A.Isma'l  , Wlla M. Mohammed
Published: April 2023

In this study we oxidation thin film of Zinc on glass substrate in 510oC and oxidation time (10,20,30)sec . we  intrusion the Zinc by using thermal diffusion. we exchange oven by appliance heater. the  result show possibility relatively zinc oxide without using oxygen gas or closed oven and relatively so fast .this path is applied in production industrially and for large  quantity. spectral analysis and elements analysis EDX explicit conversion zinc to zinc oxid purity 99% in oxidation time 30 sec . X-Ray analysis show that zinc oxid have Crystal system in crystal planes (002) and (101) .and AFM  analysis show average nano dimension is 61.37nm .the study of optical properties clarifies the conversion. the result of energy gap for allow  direct transmission 3.22eV and the energy gap for forbidden transmission 3.18eV .
Study the structural and Optical properties of ZnO thin film
Authors: Abdul Majeed E.Ibrahim  , Raid A. Isma'el  , Enad S.Ibrahim  , Essam M.Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

This research included preparation of ZnO thin films from Zinc acetate solution (Zn(CH3COO)22H2O). on glass substrate with dimension (2.5cmx2.5cmx0.1cm) using chemical spray pyrolysis method composed with (0.2M). The structural properties were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic force microscope (AFM), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive of X-Ray (EDX). The film grown have a polycrystalline wurtizte structure it can be seen that the highest texture coefficient was in (002) plane. So (AFM) measurement show that the roughness average (1.51nm), root mean square (RMS = 1.75nm) and dimeter average (108.96nm). The optical properties were characterized by (UV- Visible) and showed that higher transmittance about (97%) and optical Energy gab (Eg=3.28 eV).
A Relations between π Generalized α Connectedness and π Generalized Semi Connectedness in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Topological Spaces
Authors: Ayad  H. Khalaf  , Samer R. Yassen
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy  generalized  α  connectedness in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space and study some of its properties. Finally we study the relation between intuitionistic fuzzy  generalized α connectedness and intuitionistic fuzzy  generalized semi connectedness in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space
Morphological and Histological Changes in Liver and Lung of mice and Their Embryos Administred with Parkizol Drug
Authors: Hafidh Ibrahim Al-Sadi  , Hani Malallah Hamodi Al-Hmadani  , Rayya Ghalib Al-Sultan
Published: April 2023

Results expressed the pathological effects through visual microscopical and Histological examination of parkizol in liver and Lung of pregnant mice and their embryos were administered on the7th day of pregnancy as till the18th day of pregnancy. The administration of parkizol doses induced behavioral changes in the form of drowsiness, sluggish movement, mice become isolated, and were consumed less food and water. Abortions recorded 8%,10%and55% following the doses 250,350and450mg/kg b.w., respectively. Death of some pregnant mice occurred at the 16th and 17th day of pregnancy following the dose450 mg/kg b.w., Lesions seen on organs of pregnant mice and included hepatotoxic changes (congestion, vacuolar degeneration and coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes, dilatation of sinusoids .Also inflammation that covered pulmonary changes (emphysema, edema, hyperplasia of bronchial associated lymphoid tissue. Inflammation and hypertrophy of smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels);The abortion percentages were48%,63% and89% caused by the doses 250,350 and 450mg/kg b.w., respectively. Malformations were noted on encephalocele,  encephalomyelocele, anencephalia, displacements of the ears and eyes, cleft palate, aberrations of the vertebral column, shortening and thickening of the limbs, and defects of the tail. The lesions were observed on organs of the fetus included haphazard arrangement of the hepatocytes, vacuolar degeneration and coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes, dilation of the hepatic sinusoids; congestion, hemorrhage, edema and inflammation of the lungs. These results supported the putative pathological effect of parkizol in liver and lung of pregnant mice and their embryos.