bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimensional Defect Detection Research on the Sculpture Surface Combining the Convolutional Neural Network and Gabor
Authors: Liu Xiaofei
Published: September 2022

Thematic sculpture creation is an important part of sculpture creation. In particular, the current thematic sculpture creation in China has broken the shackles of serving politics and has shown a variety of aspects such as theme selection, modelling method, material language, and creative purpose. Since the new century, Chinese thematic sculptors have made in-depth analysis and research on the diversity of creative objects, the infinite possibilities of creative expression, and the diversity of creative purposes, especially through the phenomenon of different thematic sculptures to explore their existing predicaments, and give them reflection. If the time is too long, it will reduce the production efficiency of the sculpture production line and increase the operating cost of the enterprise. The Gabor wavelet transform is used to obtain the texture features of the sculpture surface, and the generated high-dimensional features are subjected to random projection dimension reduction. Finally, the binarization algorithm can be used to detect the defect location quickly and accurately. The feature map is extracted by selecting a deep network. The neural network algorithm structure for the sculpture dataset is presented, and the activation function and regularization method are improved on this basis.
Research on Design Strategy of B&B: Based on Text Mining and Machine Learning Method
Authors: Pan Hongzhou , Shen Hongmin
Published: September 2022

A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. At present, the design strategy of B&B is generally based on the personal views of B&B operators or interior designers, rather than the actual market data. Thus, the determination of design strategy is always divorced from the actual sales data of B&B. In this study, the optimal design strategy of B&B will be figured out based on the analysis of the comments data and operation data of B&B with methods of text mining and machine learning. The B&B design strategy based on text mining and machine learning would be more consistent with the consumer needs of users and business needs of B&B operators. It is a future evolution method of design to formulate design strategies for B&B based on big data and artificial intelligence.
Optimization of Pesticides Spray on Crops in Agriculture using Machine Learning
Authors: Indu  , Baghel Anurag Singh , Bhardwaj Arpit , Ibrahim Wubshet
Published: September 2022

Pesticides are chemicals used to eradicate pests. Not only are they used for plant protection and livestock in agriculture, but they are also used in public areas to kill mosquitoes, cockroaches, and other pests. Approximately 95% of the pesticides produced are only used in agriculture for crop protection. Every country wants to increase crop production. To protect their crops from pests, farmers must use pesticides. Exposure to pesticides is increasing day by day, whether occupationally or environmentally. This has resulted in an increase in crop production, but it has numerous adverse effects on human health, animal health, and the environment. Farmers repeatedly use the same pesticides on their crops, which is detrimental to human health and the environment. In this research, according to authors, the repetition of pesticides in agriculture is controlled using adjuvant and machine learning algorithms. An adjuvant is a chemical agent that is inserted within the pesticide product for enhanced pesticide performance. By utilizing an algorithm for machine learning, it is no longer necessary to repeatedly spray the same pesticide over the entire crop field in order to determine which sections of the crop field still require repeated pesticide spraying. In this research, the authors predict that 72.5% of insecticides are used in India. Logical regression classification, polynomial regression, and K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) are applied to detect this required field.
Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activity of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement with Radiopacity Introduced by ZrO2
Authors: Ciołek Lidia , Jaegermann Zbigniew , Zaczyńska Ewa , Czarny Anna , Biernat Monika , Gąsiński Arkadiusz , Jastrzębska Agnieszka , Gloc Michał , Olszyna Andrzej
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of in vitro studies on cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of new MTA‐type cements, developed on the basis of the sintered tricalcium silicate enriched with ZnO, along with an agent introducing the radiopacity in the form of ZrO2. The new materials have been developed to ensure that their physical and chemical properties are suited for endodontic applications. The cements were evaluated via characterisation of setting time, compressive strength, as well as translucency on X‐ray images, and bioactivity in the simulated body fluid (SBF). The μCT was used to test the influence of the ZrO2 grains in the powder component on the microstructure of the produced cement. Then, the cytotoxic action of the cements was evaluated by applying a reference L‐929 cell line. The conditions of the culture upon contact with the tested materials or with extracts from the cements were assessed using image analysis or an MTT colorimetric assay. Two strains of streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, were used to study the antibacterial activity of the tested cements with ZrO2 acting as the agent introducing the radiopacity. The new cements are characterised by appropriate properties as far as retrograde root canal filling is concerned.
Abstract IA19: Preclinical data in MCL
Authors: Wang Michael
Published: September 2022

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare but incurable subtype of B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It is characteristic by the initial lymphomagenesis event, t(11;14)(q13;q32), which leads to the overexpression of cyclin D1. Recent advances in the clinical treatments, especially BTK inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy, have greatly improved patient survival. However, patients with MCL frequently experience relapses with worse clinical outcome. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic targets to overcome the primary resistance and acquired resistance to each therapy. With two decades of experience and expertise of studying drug response and resistance clinically and preclinically, it is understood that MCL cells employ multiple mechanisms involving both tumor cells and tumor microenvironment to promote cancer cell evolution, the development of therapeutic resistance and thus disease progression. These may due to acquisition of resistance-driving genetic mutations, transcription/epigenetic reprogramming leading to compensatory or alternative activation of survival signaling networks, or trigging immune-suppression or evasion. Our preclinical studies mainly focus on the understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to cutting-edge therapies, such as BTK inhibitors and CAR-T therapy, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies to overcome the emerging resistance, for example, MATCH for precision medicine, targeting OXPHOS, BTK-MALT1-axis and TIGIT to overcome resistance to BTK inhibitors and CAR T therapy.

Citation Format: Michael Wang. Preclinical data in MCL [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma: Maximizing the Basic-Translational Interface for Clinical Application; 2022 Jun 23-26; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2022;3(5_Suppl):Abstract nr IA19.
Relationship between Liquid-Based Cytology Preservative Solutions and Artificial Intelligence: Liquid-Based Cytology Specimen Cell Detection Using YOLOv5 Deep Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Ikeda Katsuhide , Sakabe Nanako , Maruyama Sayumi , Ito Chihiro , Shimoyama Yuka , Sato Shouichi , Nagata Kohzo
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that has contributed to significant changes in feature extraction and image classification and is being actively researched and developed in the field of cytopathology. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) enables standardized cytological preparation and is also applied to artificial intelligence (AI) research, but cytological features differ depending on the LBC preservative solution types. In this study, the relationship between cell detection by AI and the type of preservative solution used was examined. Methods: The specimens were prepared from five preservative solutions of LBC and stained using the Papanicolaou method. The YOLOv5 deep convolutional neural network algorithm was used to create a deep learning model for each specimen, and a BRCPT model from five specimens was also created. Each model was compared to the specimen types used for detection. Results: Among the six models, a difference in the detection rate of approximately 25% was observed depending on the detected specimen, and within specimens, a difference in the detection rate of approximately 20% was observed depending on the model. The BRCPT model had little variation in the detection rate depending on the type of the detected specimen. Conclusions: The same cells were treated with different preservative solutions, the cytologic features were different, and AI clarified the difference in cytologic features depending on the type of solution. The type of preservative solution used for training and detection had an extreme influence on cell detection using AI. Although the accuracy of the deep learning model is important, it is necessary to understand that cell morphology differs depending on the type of preservative solution, which is a factor affecting the detection rate of AI.
Identification of a Gain-of-Function
LIPC
Variant as a Novel Cause of Familial Combined Hypocholesterolemia
Authors: Dijk Wieneke , Di Filippo Mathilde , Kooijman Sander , van Eenige Robin , Rimbert Antoine , Caillaud Amandine , Thedrez Aurélie , Arnaud Lucie , Pronk Amanda , Garçon Damien , Sotin Thibaud , Lindenbaum Pierre , Ozcariz Garcia Enrique , Pais de Barros Jean-Paul , Duvillard Laurence , Si-Tayeb Karim , Amigo Nuria , Le Questel Jean-Yves , Rensen Patrick C.N. , Le May Cédric , Moulin Philippe , Cariou Bertrand
Published: September 2022

Background:

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the main cause of mortality worldwide and is strongly influenced by circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Only a few genes causally related to plasma LDL cholesterol levels have been identified so far, and only 1 gene,
ANGPTL3
, has been causally related to combined hypocholesterolemia. Here, our aim was to elucidate the genetic origin of an unexplained combined hypocholesterolemia inherited in 4 generations of a French family.

Methods:

Using next-generation sequencing, we identified a novel dominant rare variant in the
LIPC
gene, encoding for hepatic lipase, which cosegregates with the phenotype. We characterized the impact of this
LIPC
-E97G variant on circulating lipid and lipoprotein levels in family members using nuclear magnetic resonance–based lipoprotein profiling and lipidomics. To uncover the mechanisms underlying the combined hypocholesterolemia, we used protein homology modeling, measured triglyceride lipase and phospholipase activities in cell culture, and studied the phenotype of APOE*3.Leiden.CETP mice after
LIPC
-E97G overexpression.

Results:

Family members carrying the
LIPC
-E97G variant had very low circulating levels of LDL cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL particle numbers, and phospholipids. The lysophospholipids/phospholipids ratio was increased in plasma of
LIPC
-E97G carriers, suggestive of an increased lipolytic activity on phospholipids. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that the
LIPC
-E97G variant specifically increases the phospholipase activity of hepatic lipase through modification of an evolutionarily conserved motif that determines substrate access to the hepatic lipase catalytic site. Mice overexpressing human
LIPC
-E97G recapitulated the combined hypocholesterolemic phenotype of the family and demonstrated that the increased phospholipase activity promotes catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins by different extrahepatic tissues but not the liver.

Conclusions:

We identified and characterized a novel rare variant in the
LIPC
gene in a family who presents with dominant familial combined hypocholesterolemia. This gain-of-function variant makes
LIPC
the second identified gene, after
ANGPTL3
, causally involved in familial combined hypocholesterolemia. Our mechanistic data highlight the critical role of hepatic lipase phospholipase activity in LDL cholesterol homeostasis and suggest a new LDL clearance mechanism.
Nelonemdaz for Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Endovascular Reperfusion Therapy: A Randomized Phase II Trial
Authors: Hong Ji Man , Lee Jin Soo , Lee Yeong-Bae , Shin Dong Hoon , Shin Dong-Ick , Hwang Yang-Ha , Ahn Seong Hwan , Kim Jae Guk , Sohn Sung-Il , Kwon Sun U. , Lee Ji Sung , Gwag Byoung Joo , Chamorro Ángel , Choi Dennis W. , Chammorro Ángel , Kim Eung Yeop , Choi Jin Wook , Yeo Min-Ju , Kwak Jaehyuk , Lee Sung Eun , Hong Jeong-Ho , Lee Sangkil , Lee Yoon-Joo , Lee Min-Joo
Published: September 2022

Background:

Nelonemdaz is a multitarget neuroprotectant that selectively blocks N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and scavenges free radicals, as proven in preclinical ischemia-reperfusion studies. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of nelonemdaz in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving endovascular reperfusion therapy.

Methods:

This phase II randomized trial involved participants with large-artery occlusion in the anterior circulation at baseline who received endovascular reperfusion therapy <8 hours from symptom onset at 7 referral stroke centers in South Korea between October 29, 2016, and June 1, 2020. Two hundred thirteen patients were screened and 209 patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1:1 ratio using a computer-generated randomization system. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the medication received—placebo, low-dose (2750 mg) nelonemdaz, and high-dose (5250 mg) nelonemdaz. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with modified Rankin Scale scores of 0–2 at 12 weeks.

Results:

Two hundred eight patients were assigned to the placebo (n=70), low-dose (n=71), and high-dose (n=67) groups. The groups had similar baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was achieved in 183 patients, and it did not differ among the groups (33/61 [54.1%], 40/65 [61.5%], and 36/57 [63.2%] patients;
P
=0.5578). The common odds ratio (90% CI) indicating a favorable shift in the modified Rankin Scale scores at 12 weeks was 1.55 (0.92–2.60) between the placebo and low-dose groups and 1.61 (0.94–2.76) between the placebo and high-dose groups. No serious adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:

The study arms showed no significant difference in the proportion of patients achieving modified Rankin Scale scores of 0–2 at 12 weeks. Nevertheless, nelonemdaz-treated patients showed a favorable tendency toward achieving these scores at 12 weeks, without serious adverse effects. Thus, a large-scale phase III trial is warranted.

Registration:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02831088.
Pilot Study on the Physio-psychological Effects of Botanical Gardens on the Prefrontal Cortex Activity in an Adult Male Group
Authors: Kang MInji , Kim SeungJu , Lee Juyoung
Published: September 2022

Background and objective: With modern lifestyles and the increasing severity of stress-related diseases, the availability and accessibility of the natural environment are critical. Botanical gardens in an urban area can provide opportunities for city dwellers to experience nature and enjoy stress-reducing activities. This study focused on the health-related effects of botanical gardens by investigating prefrontal cortical activity and changes in psychological states.Methods: The experiment was conducted in a national botanical garden located in the city of Sejong, and in an urban area of a contrasting city. Nine healthy adult males participated in the field experiment. Subjects were instructed to 'see and feel' the landscape in a sitting position for 10 minutes, both in the botanical garden and in the city center. The health effects of botanical gardens were verified using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), including changes in cerebral blood flow, and Profile of Mood State (POMS) and Perceived Restoration Scale (PRS).Results: Our findings showed that the oxyhemoglobin concentrations in the left prefrontal cortex were considerably lower in the botanical garden (-0.057 ± 0.003 µM) than in the city center (0.162 ± 0.002 µM, p < .001). Significantly positive psychological responses to the garden environment were found in the analysis of POMS and PRS, compared to the urban setting. These findings may indicate that a botanical garden can reduce negative psychological symptoms and physiological stress levels in adult males.Conclusion: Our study proves that botanical gardens have the environmental characteristics of restorative and therapeutic spaces. The findings indicated that urban gardens could be considered as health-improving environments by reducing the physio-psychological stress levels of urban dwellers.
The Sasanian Elephant Corps Revisited: Ammianus Marcellinus on the Tactics of Persian Elephantry
Authors: Dmitriev Vladimir
Published: September 2022

According to Ammianus Marcellinus, elephants substituted, to some extent, siege towers; he describes wooden towers on the backs of the animals, armed with Persian warriors who attacked the defenders of a fortress. Certainly, elephants may have served as an element of ancient psychological warfare. But, at the same time, it appears that the Sasanians employed elephants in their battle fighting, bearing warriors who attacked their enemies with various missiles. In open-field battles, elephants, as a rule, were introduced into the battle in an offensive situation. Ammianus Marcellinus does not offer any evidence as to elephants functioning as beasts of burden or draught animals; on the contrary, he always stresses the fact that they were military animals who posed a real danger to the Romans in battle.
Modeling Spatial Distribution of Snow Water Equivalent by Combining Meteorological and Satellite Data with Lidar Maps
Authors: Mital Utkarsh , Dwivedi Dipankar , Özgen-Xian Ilhan , Brown James B. , Steefel Carl I.
Published: September 2022

An accurate characterization of the water content of snowpack, or snow water equivalent (SWE), is necessary to quantify water availability and constrain hydrologic and land surface models. Recently, airborne observations (e.g., lidar) have emerged as a promising method to accurately quantify SWE at high resolutions (scales of ∼100 m and finer). However, the frequency of these observations is very low, typically once or twice per season in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Here, we present a machine learning framework that is based on random forests to model temporally sparse lidar-derived SWE, enabling estimation of SWE at unmapped time points. We approximated the physical processes governing snow accumulation and melt as well as snow characteristics by obtaining 15 different variables from gridded estimates of precipitation, temperature, surface reflectance, elevation, and canopy. Results showed that, in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, our framework is capable of modeling SWE with a higher accuracy when compared with estimates generated by the Snow Data Assimilation System (SNODAS). The mean value of the coefficient of determination R2 using our approach was 0.57, and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was 13 cm, which was a significant improvement over SNODAS (mean R2 = 0.13; RMSE = 20 cm). We explored the relative importance of the input variables and observed that, at the spatial resolution of 800 m, meteorological variables are more important drivers of predictive accuracy than surface variables that characterize the properties of snow on the ground. This research provides a framework to expand the applicability of lidar-derived SWE to unmapped time points.

Significance Statement

Snowpack is the main source of freshwater for close to 2 billion people globally and needs to be estimated accurately. Mountainous snowpack is highly variable and is challenging to quantify. Recently, lidar technology has been employed to observe snow in great detail, but it is costly and can only be used sparingly. To counter that, we use machine learning to estimate snowpack when lidar data are not available. We approximate the processes that govern snowpack by incorporating meteorological and satellite data. We found that variables associated with precipitation and temperature have more predictive power than variables that characterize snowpack properties. Our work helps to improve snowpack estimation, which is critical for sustainable management of water resources.
Russian Church and Ukrainian War
Authors: Hovorun Archimandrite Cyril
Published: September 2022

The war in Ukraine that began in February 2014 and escalated in February 2022 to the extent unseen in Europe since the World War II, cannot be adequately comprehended without taking into consideration its religious dimension. This article explores the evolution of the “Russian world” ideology, which the leaders and speakers of the Russian Orthodox Church render in quasi-theological terms. It explains why the Russian patriarch Kirill decided to back it and turned it from an elitist to mass ideologeme. These explanations are given in the sociological framework of the public space, social contract, and civil religion. The main argument of the article is that the church wanted to regain for itself a central place in the Russian public square after the decades of exile from it under the Communist regime. In result of supporting the war, however, the church is endangered to be marginalised in this square again.
Solving integrated problem of stowage planning with crane split by an improved genetic algorithm based on novel encoding mode
Authors: Chang Yimei , Hamedi Masoud , Haghani Ali
Published: September 2022

Stowage plan, which is planning for a reasonable movement of containers, plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of container terminals. The time required for handling containerships also depends on the operations of quay cranes, which is one of the most expensive equipment in container terminals. Hence, this paper integrates stowage planning and crane split problem to minimize the total berthing time at each visiting port over the voyage. A new mathematical model is developed, which covers a wide range of operational and structural constraints for both stowage plan and crane operation. An improved genetic algorithm based on a novel encoding mode of assignment strategies, including container grouping and operation strategies, is designed to solve the problem, which also introduces penalty operations to solve the infeasible solutions. Finally, some computational experiments are carried out. Firstly, three small-sized experiments are implemented to verify the feasibility of the proposed model and algorithm. Secondly, large-sized experiments with 5 ports, 3385 containers, and 2 quay cranes show that the proposed approach can solve the integration problem with different productivity of quay cranes effectively and decrease the berthing time by 6.0%. Eventually, a comparison experiment with 5 ports, 5752 containers, and 2 quay cranes is conducted, and the results indicate that the proposed algorithm results in 62.3% and 87.7% decrease in the total number of rehandling times and computational time. Meanwhile, the results also show that the proposed algorithm can be convergent. So the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient in solving the integration problem and enhancing the efficiency of container terminals.
Partition and its echoes in Karachi: The political agencies of Fahmida Riaz and Perween Rahman
Authors: Yaqin Amina , Khan Naiza
Published: September 2022

This article, shaped as a conversation between a scholar and an artist, critically examines the mapping of the lived experience of Karachi after Partition through a discussion of the poetic journey of the feminist activist Fahmida Riaz and urban planner and architect Perween Rahman.1 These two activists were directly affected by the Partition, albeit in different ways, and it is through their creative practice that we try to understand the hauntings of the past in the present. This helps us to move beyond linear ways of interpreting the Indian Partition’s many effects on lived experiences of communities in Karachi. While Riaz writes of the death of metaphor and the inability of verse to capture the harsh realities of everyday life in a dystopian city, Rahman gives agency to the disenfranchised and dispossessed within the urban settlements of Karachi’s poor through a participatory model of community-based mapping. What emerges from the dialogue is a recreation of several voices across time and space that carry the echoes of Partition and the conditions that surround us now. It thereby offers a way to re-envision and reclaim an embodied form of mapping through memory and walking across disciplines to engender cultural change.
Unfinished stories of the Partition: Across 75 years
Authors: Ali Kamran Asdar , Khair Tabish
Published: September 2022

This conversation between two second cousins born and brought up on different sides of the India/Pakistan border and now, as academics and writers, engaged in examining the Partition, looks at what the tumultuous and tragic events of 1947 have meant for families most obviously impacted by them, and how their impact has unfolded over the past 75 years. Educated, Muslim, Urdu-speaking middle-class families ( ashráf) from North India were sundered by the Partition, and, as they remain divided between the two (later three) countries — unlike the bulk of Hindu refugees from Pakistan, who relocated to India over the next few years — the traces of the Partition can be observed with particular vividness in this large group. The dialogue explores what it meant for post-Partition Indian Muslims to have Pakistani relatives, and how Pakistani immigrants reacted to the home regions of India. It also examines some of the ways in which the division of colonial India continued and continues to shape post-Partition events, such as the creation of Bangladesh or the rise of religious nationalisms. Progressive politics, socio-economic fissures, and related tensions are also examined.
Effect of seawater and stress coupling on the durability of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer
Authors: Li Jiaxing , Jia Bin , Li Biao , Xu Qingfeng , Huang Hui
Published: September 2022

Using pre-stressed carbon fibre reinforced polymer/plastic (CFRP) to strengthen bridge structures is currently considered a promising technology and the durability of the structure is closely related to the material property. CFRP have good corrosion resistance, but they also experience different degrees of swelling, corrosion and hydrolysis in water immersion environments. Stress accelerates this effect and leads to deterioration of the mechanical properties of the materials. This work aims to investigate the durability of CFRP grids under water, wet-dry cycles of seawater, seawater immersion and 0% fu ( fu is the ultimate tensile strength of the tested CFRP grids and it is constant stress in this paper), 30% fu, 60% fu coupled environments.Test aging time at room temperature (25°C) of 30, 60, 120, 180, 270, 360 days. The results indicate that the surface of epoxy resin is smooth at the initial moment by comparing of scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. With the increase of deterioration degree with aging time, the cavities and cracks appeared in the matrix. The epoxy resin content between the fibers decreased, and the adhesion force decreased. When the aging time is short, the tensile damage section of CFRP grid is flaky and the matrix is tightly bonded with the fiber. The later damage is mainly blow-up damage, which the fracture section is typical filiform. After CFRP grids aged for 360 days, the tensile strength decreased by 6.2%, 10.2%, 10.9% in the water, seawater solution and seawater wet-dry cycle environments. The tensile strength decreased by 10.2%, 12.3% and 20.2% under the coupling of seawater and different stress levels. A semi-empirical model of durability is proposed to provide a good reference value for the durability prediction of FRP materials.
The Grieving Process of Opioid Overdose Bereaved Parents in Maryland
Authors: Sterling Pamela B. , Muruthi Bertranna A. , Allmendinger Angela , Thompson-Cañas Reid , Romero Lindsey , Tung Janice
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the opioid epidemic in the United States has garnered attention due to the increasing number of fatal overdoses. Research on overdose death has increasingly focused on the psychological impacts of drug-related bereavement and disenfranchised bereavement. This study aims to contribute to the growing body of emergent literature on drug death bereavement, by exploring the experiences of parents whose children passed away due to opioid overdose. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with six parents living in the state of Maryland who had an adult child die from opioid overdose two or more years prior to the study. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Themes that emerged included the grieving process, stigmatization, and social support. While overall adaptation levels varied among participants, all participants reported positive and negative outcomes related to their experience of grief and loss. Implications for clinical practice and intervention are discussed.
Measurement of Risk Factors Associated With bereavement Severity and Deterioration by COVID-19: A Spanish Validation Study of the Pandemic Grief Risk Factors
Authors: Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Lee Sherman A. , Vilca Lindsey W. , Carbajal-León Carlos , Reyes-Bossio Mario , Delgado-Campusano Mariel , Gallegos Miguel , Carranza Esteban Renzo , Noe-Grijalva Martin
Published: September 2022

The present study translated and evaluated the psychometric evidence of the Pandemic Grief Risk Factors (PGRF) in a sample of 363 people from the general population of Peru who suffered the death of a loved one by COVID-19 (63-4% women and 36.6% men, where 78.5% were between 18 and 29 years old). The findings indicated that the PGRF is a unidimensional and reliable measure. The PGRF items can differentiate between individuals with different levels of risk factors and thus cover a wide range of the latent construct. Also, a greater sense of distress for each of the risk factors for pandemic grief is necessary to answer the higher response categories. Risk factors significantly and positively predict COVID-19-associated dysfunctional grief. The results indicated that the PGRF in Spanish is a measure with adequate psychometric properties to measure risk factors for pandemic grief.
A Feasibility Study of Bilateral Wrist Sensors for Measuring Motor Traits in Children With Autism
Authors: Konrad Jeffrey , Marrus Natasha , Lang Catherine E.
Published: September 2022

Direct, quantitative measures of hyperactivity and motor coordination, two motor characteristics associated with impairment in autism, are limited. Wearable sensors can objectively index real-world movement variables that may relate to these behaviors. Here, we explored the feasibility of bilateral wrist accelerometers for measuring upper limb activity in 3–10-year-olds with autism ( n = 22; 19 boys, 3 girls; M age = 5.64, SD = 2.73 years) and without autism ( n = 26; 15 boys, 11 girls; M age = 6.26, SD = 2.47 years). We investigated the relationships between movement characteristics related to duration, intensity, complexity, and symmetry on the one hand and parent-reported hyperactivity and motor coordination on the other. Participants with and without autism wore the sensors for 12-hour periods. Sensor variables varied by age but not sex, with movement intensity and complexity moderately related to motor coordination. These findings lend preliminary support to wearable sensors as a means of providing ecologically-valid metrics of motor characteristics that impact adaptive function in children with autism.
The Bigger Picture: The Effect of Context on Gender Role Conflict in Greek Men
Authors: Daoultzis Konstantinos Christos , Kordoutis Panos
Published: September 2022

Gender Role Conflict (GRC) is manifested through certain behavioral patterns when the person adopts unquestionably restrictive gender roles with negative consequences both at intrapersonal and interpersonal level. There is evidence that socially desired masculine behavior is in transition in modern Greek society boosting GRC among Greek men. In this study, GRC patterns have been assessed experimentally using the imagery technique in 1051 Greek men. Emotionally elicited vignettes were created, each demonstrating a different context (Men's gender role conflict: Psychological costs, consequences, and an agenda for change. American Psychological Association): (1) developmental, (2) family – friends’ relations and (3) conformity to masculinity ideology, homonegativity and violent behaviour. A mixed ANOVA revealed a significant three-way interaction between GRC patterns scoring, GRC vignettes and time (before and after reading the GRC vignettes). Further investigation of the three-way interaction revealed that vignettes reflecting social pressure to conform to masculinity ideology in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood as well as vignettes reflecting outright bullying to conform to such stereotypic roles had a significant impact on GRC patterns scoring, mostly decreasing conflict. The construction and testing of the GRC vignettes can update the existing tools for assessing GRC. Moreover, the vignettes could be employed to shed light on the possible causes of GRC.
The Ascent Into Heaven: An Answer to the Problem of Time in Liturgical Anamnesis
Authors: Chase Nathan P.
Published: September 2022

Edward Kilmartin in his work on liturgical anamnesis sought to develop a Trinitarian theology of liturgical participation that could bridge Christ’s historical deeds with present reality in light of the problem of time. Kilmartin identified two poles in liturgical praying: the anamnetic and the epicletic. Together they unite the faithful with Christ in the Holy Spirit. At the same time, Gabriele Winkler in her study of the classical anaphoras has argued that these prayers are centered around a ritual of ascent, whereby the faithful participate in the heavenly liturgy. A survey of the classical anaphoras across the East and West reveals that participation in the heavenly liturgy is a hallmark of eucharistic praying also complemented by an understanding of the divine’s descent to Earth. This ritual articulation of ascent and descent provides ritual/experiential flesh to Kilmartin’s Trinitarian theology of liturgical participation, and the faithful’s participation in Christ’s saving deeds.
Use of quaternary ammonium salt as a dye fixing agent and antimicrobial agent in sustainable, single-step single-bath dyeing and finishing
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Asad , Pei Liujun , Saleem Muhammad Faizan , Shahid Sumaira , Wang Jiping
Published: September 2022

In this investigation, a novel sustainable approach was employed to combine the dyeing and antimicrobial finishing steps for nylon fabric in a decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) non-aqueous media dyeing system. Nylon fabric was dyed with acid dye and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS). Dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride was employed in the dyebath as a fixing agent. The dyeing efficiency was assessed by measuring the color characteristics and colorfastness of the dyed fabric. The success of antibacterial treatment was analyzed by observing the reduction in bacteria colony forming units. These results showed that uniformly dyed samples with higher color strength than the aqueous bath and excellent colorfastness were obtained in the D5 non-aqueous media dyeing system. After five Launder-Ometer washing cycles, the treated samples still showed good antibacterial activity. These results showed that the acid dyeing and QAS finishing processes of nylon fabric can be carried out in a D5 solvent bath at the same time.
Methods on reflecting electricity consumption change characteristics and electricity consumption forecasting based on clustering algorithms and fuzzy matrices in buildings
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Zhang Chengyu , Ujeed Terigele , Ma Liangdong
Published: September 2022

The extraction and analysis of electricity consumption changing patterns are increasingly important, as they can guide in energy management and efficiency retrofitting. Consequently, it is necessary to extract the laws governing building electricity consumption characteristics. This method should be on an hour-scale and successfully applied online to various buildings. Under these conditions, the method should be as simple as possible to ensure excellent online applications. A matrix model method was developed based on the conventional K-nearest neighbour clustering algorithm, which introduced the concept of electricity intensity levels. This method used the slopes of the power consumption curve as the grading standard for the extraction and assessment of the electricity consumption laws. The validation results for seven different buildings with various functions and climate zones, including the mean absolute error, mean absolute percentage error, mean square error, root mean square error, and coefficient of variance, showed that this method met the aforementioned requirements. Moreover, this method can be used for power consumption prediction, which integrated a process of filtering historical data, leading to better accuracy and less data volume than that of other methods that use historical data for prediction.

Practical application

This paper proposed a matrix model method based on the conventional K-nearest-neighbour clustering algorithm, which introduced the concept of electricity intensity levels. This method was applied to various buildings online, which coupled the process of filtering historical data and flexible selectivity of models when used on different buildings. This method was used for assessing energy-saving potential, energy-saving retrofit priorities, and power consumption forecasting, which will benefit researchers and engineers.
Long-term results after simultaneous carotid and coronary revascularisation
Authors: Zivkovic Igor , Krasic Stasa , Milačić Petar , Vukovic Petar , Milicic Miroslav , Jovanovic Milos , Tabakovic Zoran , Sagic Dragan , Ilijevski Nenad , Peric Miodrag , Bojic Milovan , Micovic Slobodan
Published: September 2022

Background

The revascularisation strategy for concomitant carotid and coronary disease is unknown. Simultaneous or stage coronary artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy are the most common revascularisation approach in the CABG population. This study aimed to evaluate long-term results after simultaneous carotid artery stenting or carotid endarterectomy in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery.

Methods

This is a prospective cohort non-randomised single-institution study. During the period from 2012 to 2015, sixty consecutive patients (65.9 ± 7.41 mean) underwent simultaneous carotid artery stenting and coronary artery bypass surgery ( n = 30) or simultaneous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass surgery ( n = 30). The primary endpoints were short- and long-term rates of adverse events (transient ischemic attack, stroke, myocardial infarction, and death). The mean follow-up was 62.05 ± 11.12 months.

Results

In-hospital mortality was insignificantly higher in the carotid endarterectomy, and coronary artery bypass surgery group (6.6% vs. 0%), the rate of stroke and myocardial infarction was similar (13.3% and 0% in the carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass surgery group vs. 6.6% and 3.3% in the carotid artery stenting and coronary artery bypass surgery group, respectively). The intensive care unit readmission was significantly higher in the surgical revascularisation approach; it was an independent predictor of hospital mortality. The overall mortality during the follow-up period was 14.28% in both groups. Freedom of the composite adverse outcomes (stroke, myocardial infarction, and death) was 78.55%.

Conclusion

Comparing two revascularisation strategies is not straightforward due to different anatomical indications for carotid artery stenting and endarterectomy. We consider that each technique has an essential role in carotid revascularisation. Good selection of patients, according to indications, contributes to satisfactory short- and long-term results.
Book review: Nasir Uddin, The Rohingya: An Ethnography of ‘Subhuman’ Life
Authors: Ali Md Niamot
Published: September 2022

Nasir Uddin, The Rohingya: An Ethnography of ‘Subhuman’ Life (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2020), xviii + 248 pp.
RETRACTED: Bala Ramulu Chinnala, Marginalized Communities and Decentralized Institutions in India: An Exclusion and Inclusion Perspective
Authors: Ravinder D.
Published: September 2022

Bala Ramulu Chinnala, Marginalized Communities and Decentralized Institutions in India: An Exclusion and Inclusion Perspective (New York: Routledge, 2021), xviii + 141 pp.
Book review: Bridget Backhaus, Polyphony: Listening to the Listeners of Community Radio
Authors: Shinkhede Chaitanya
Published: September 2022

Bridget Backhaus, Polyphony: Listening to the Listeners of Community Radio (London and New York: Routledge, 2022), ix + 176 pp.
Post-Truth, the Future of Democracy and the Public Sphere
Authors: van Dyk Silke
Published: September 2022

The rise of authoritarian and nationalist forces is currently accompanied by a change in the way public opinion is formed and in the culture of debate, a phenomenon that has been described as a crisis of facticity. There is an urgent need to clarify the (factual) foundations and benchmarks for democratic negotiation, even if lies are nothing new in politics. The article analyses this shift and discusses to what extent the liberal problematization of post-factual politics is becoming a way of coping with the neoliberal crisis of hegemony. Finally, it seeks to illuminate what these developments mean for those strands of critical social science dedicated to exploring the connection between truth and power and deconstructing truth claims.
A New Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere? An Introduction
Authors: Seeliger Martin , Sevignani Sebastian
Published: September 2022

The political public sphere is important for democracy, and it is changing – this is how the quintessence of Jürgen Habermas’s monumental study on The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere (1989) could be summarized in simple words. In the fields of political sociology and social theory, history, but also research on social movements, cultural studies, and media and communication studies, his conception of the public sphere as a sphere mediating between the state and civil society has had a decisive influence on the debate about the potential of collective reason for modern democracy. In this introduction we give a short overview of Habermas’s arguments on the rise and fall of the bourgeois public sphere, demonstrate the necessary link between the public sphere and democracy and, referring to the contributions to this special issue, sketch current transformations of the public sphere along three basic processes – digitalization, commodification, and globalization.
Evaluating a partnership model of hospice enabled dementia care: A three-phased monitoring, focus group and interview study
Authors: McLaughlin Dorry , Hasson Felicity , Reid Joanne , Brazil Kevin , Rutherford Lesley , Stone Carol , van der Steen Jenny T , Ballentine Joanne
Published: September 2022

Background:

People with dementia and their caregivers often lack equitable access to hospice care which is a concern internationally. Domains of best practice in palliative care for this population exist and hospices are urged to become dementia friendly.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the model of ‘Hospice Enabled Dementia Partnership’ mapped to international domains of best practice.

Design:

Three-phased monitoring, group interview and individual interview study using a formative evaluation framework.

SettingParticipants:

The partnership model was a collaboration between a large specialist palliative care hospice, a dementia charity and a Health Care Trust in the United Kingdom. Service documents were subjected to documentary review of monitoring activity and key indicators of service success. Group interviews and individual interviews took place with family carers ( n = 12), health care professionals involved in delivering the service ( n = 32) and senior professionals ( n = 5) responsible for service commissioning in palliative or dementia care.

Results:

One hundred people with dementia were referred to the service between May 2016 and December 2017. Thirty-eight of the 42 people who died, achieved their preferred place of care and died at home. Four themes were derived from the data ‘Impact of Dementia’, ‘Value of the Service’, ‘Information and Learning Needs’ and ‘Working in Partnership’.

Conclusions:

Positive outcomes resulted from this best practice model; achievement of preferred place of care and death at home, dual benefits of therapies for patients and families and partnership in cross working and learning between services. Replication of this model should be considered internationally.
Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit: The Publicly Owned Variety of Community Land Trust
Authors: Spicer Jason S. , Stephens Lindsay , Kramer Anna
Published: September 2022

Contrasting cases in Toronto, New York, and Vancouver, we identify benefits and drawbacks associated with the publicly owned variety of community land trust, which we call a public land trust (PLT). Public ownership can obviate the need to finance a land sale, and enable sustained access to ongoing technical assistance and professional expertise, thereby reducing burdens on community capacity. While a degree of community control can also be maintained with public ownership, it may nonetheless be at greater risk when political winds change. In as much as PLTs secure affordable tenure and community control, they may warrant greater policy/planning consideration.
A review of graphene quantum dots and their potential biomedical applications
Authors: Barati Fatemeh , Avatefi Manizheh , Moghadam Negin Borzooee , Asghari Sahar , Ekrami Elena , Mahmoudifard Matin
Published: September 2022

Today, nanobiotechnology is a pioneering technology in biomedicine. Every day, new nanomaterials are synthesized with elevated physiochemical properties for better diagnosis and treatment of diseases. One advancing class of materials is the Graphene family. Among different kinds of graphene derivatives, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) show fantastic optical, electrical, and electrochemical features originating from their unique quantum confinement effect. Due to the distinct properties of GQD, including large surface-to-volume ratio, low cytotoxicity, and easy functionalization, this nanomaterial has gone popular in biomedical field. Herein, a short overview of different strategies developed for GQD synthesis and functionalization is discussed. In the following, the most recent progress of GQD based nanomaterials in different biomedical fields, including bio-imaging, drug/gene delivery, antimicrobial, tissue engineering, and biosensors, are reviewed.