bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The aerothermodynamic cycle optimal design of a turbofan engine
Authors: Chen Ming , Chen Boyang , Zhang Haibo
Published: September 2021

To ensure that the aerothermodynamic cycle design of a turbofan engine is more accurate, efficient, and provide a reliable decision-making basis for engine designers, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) method was used to optimize the aerothermodynamic performance parameters of the turbofan engine at multiple design points (MDPs). Fuel consumption rate and the specific thrust were considered as optimization targets. The thrust requirements and cycle parameter constraints under each working state were comprehensively considered to obtain the optimal performance boundary of the engine, the corresponding cycle parameters, and the correlations between different requirements and constraints. The results showed that the MOPSO algorithm could accurately and completely obtain the optimal performance boundary surface of the engine in the feasible region and the corresponding cycle parameter value. The feasible region obtained by the aerothermodynamic cycle design at MDPs was more accurate and effective than the design at a single design point.
How demography affects asset characteristics in Hungary
Authors: Posza Alexandra , Csapi Vivien
Published: September 2021

THE AIMS OF THE PAPER

The population factor in general influences most of the global megatrends. While it was considered one of the major driving forces for economicgrowth in the 20th century, it has become the greatest risk factor for the socio-economic landscape. Hungary is experiencing one of the fastest demographic transitions in Europe. Due to the continued extension of longevity and the steep decline in fertility rate, the size and percentage of theelderly population (i.e., aged 65 and above) rapidly increased during the last decades. The paper aims to examine whether population ageing has an effect on asset prices in Hungary.

METHODOLOGY

The life cycle theory for Hungary was applied while exploring the quantitative link between population structures and asset prices, particularly onstock and bonds. In this study, the relationship between Hungary’s demographic characteristics and asset class returns will be examined by reviewing previous academic and policy studies through conducting a regression analysis of bond yields and P/E ratio of BUX Index related to demographic variables.

MOST IMPORTANT RESULTS

The connection between stock prices and demographic trends is impacted by the life cycle theory of asset accumulation/decumulation and portfolio choice. In Hungary, the younger adults between 36 and 45, and the classic middle-aged individuals are in their peak savings years and invest heavily in stocks, driving up stock prices. The old-aged individuals decumulate assets and sell stocks to finance their retirement, depressing stock prices. In addition, the investors become more risk-averse and prefer fewer holdings of stocks as they grow older. The Middle/Old ratio and the BUX P/E ratio have a strong positive correlation during the period 1995-2020. The bond yields show a similar connection with the Yuppie/Nerd ratio. The results of demographic variables predicting bond-yields are strong and proving the international patterns.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The paper highlighted that the demographic variables are not only appropriate for socio-demographic analysis since the members of the different age groups have their own consumption, saving and investing characteristics that can have an impact on the asset prices besides other commonly usedparameters.

Acknowledgements: This article was supported by EFOP­3.6.1­16­2016­00004 that has been entitled ‘Comprehensive developments at the University of Pécs for smart specialization’. (Project element ‘Decision­making at older ages’, topic no. 11)
AVC hémorragique : diagnostic guidé par les résultats du champ visuel
Authors: Riese Nicole Auchter , Bailey Melissa Annette
Published: September 2021

Ce rapport de cas porte sur un patient qui a subi un accident vasculaire cérébral hémorragique et qui s’est présenté au service de consultations ophtalmologiques avec une perte de champ visuel, que le patient a interprétée comme un trouble de la vue et un mal de tête grave. La perte de champ visuel a consisté en une hémianopsie incomplète homonyme accompagnée d’une défectuosité supérieure absolue qui correspondait bien à l’hémorragie du lobe temporal droit détectée par une tomodensitométrie de la tête. Ce cas expose l’importance pour tous les fournisseurs de soins oculovisuels de reconnaître les symptômes de l’AVC et de comprendre les délais et les protocoles de référence, ainsi que la valeur prédictive élevée des champs visuels.
Méthodes de réduction ou d’élimination des risques associés aux tests de la vue en Alberta
Authors: Anderson Alyssa Erin , Hensel Gordon
Published: September 2021

La réalisation de ce rapport de recherche a été motivée par deux rapports de cas indépendants portant sur des personnes vivant en Alberta, au Canada, qui ont subi une perte de vision permanente en raison de normes de pratique inadéquates entourant les tests de la vue. Les tests de la vue sont habituellement effectués par des opticiens indépendamment des examens oculovisuels complets. Une description des deux rapports de cas et une discussion sur les risques associés aux tests de la vue fournissent des données probantes liées au danger danger pour la santé publique que présentent ces tests. Afin d’étudier les méthodes possibles de réduction ou d’élimination des risques liés aux tests de la vue en Alberta, nous avons effectué une recension des lois et des normes de pratique régissant les tests de la vue au Canada, aux États-Unis, en Nouvelle-Zélande et au Royaume-Uni. Notre recension indique que l’interdiction pure et simple d’effectuer des tests de la vue en Alberta serait le meilleur moyen de protéger l’intérêt public et de réduire les cas évitables de perte de vision. Comme on le constate dans d’autres provinces canadiennes, d’autres approches pour réduire les risques associés aux tests de la vue comprennent 1) l’élaboration et l’application de restrictions concernant l’exécution des tests de la vue et 2) l’élaboration de scénarios clairement définis dans lesquels les opticiens collaborent avec les prescripteurs autorisés pour effectuer des tests de la vue en toute sécurité.
Radionuclide classification based on gamma spectroscopy and artificial intelligence
Authors: Silva Márcio Magalhães de Andrade , Morales Rudnei Karam , Nunes Wallace Vallory , Cardoso Domingos D'Oliveira
Published: September 2021

Currently, in almost all segments of the production chain, automation is a requirement for productivity improvement. With respect to nuclear facilities, active online monitoring is one of best practices for nuclear security and safety maintenance, to prevent incidents that could compromise a particular installation. In this context, spectral signature monitoring automation can be explored, aiming at the rapid identification of adverse events, such as radiological accidents. The main objective of this work was an automated radionuclides classification technique establishment, using an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) architecture. The methodology used consisted basically of simulating the geometry of an established experimental apparatus, using the MCNP5 code, obtaining the simulated gamma spectral signature for the studied nuclides. The simulated spectra were used to compose the ANN training and testing data set, while the experimental spectra were subjected to the artificial intelligence model classification, in order to allow the neural network quality assessment. The final developed architecture of ANN was correct to recognize the experimental spectra of 60Co, 137Cs and 152Eu. Therefore, the results were satisfactory and proved automation technique development viable.
Commissioning of the Radiation Monitor Calibration Laboratory (LabCal) of IDQBRN for cesium-137 irradiation system
Authors: Silva Thiago de Medeiros Silveira , Amorim Aneuri Souza de , Balthar Mario Cesar Viegas , Santos Avelino dos , Curzio Rodrigo Carneiro , Cardoso Domingos D'Oliveira , Nunes Wallace Vallory
Published: September 2021

The provision for the Brazilian Army of equipment that provides reliable and safe measurements, enabling decision-making based on radioprotection parameters, leads to the need to investigate the metrology of the calibration system used in the Radiation Monitor Calibration Laboratory (LabCal) of the Institute of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (IDQBRN). To this end, the commissioning in cesium-137 is of primary importance in this process. In order to check the conformity of the radiator system, in this work, the ambient dose equivalent rate, , was obtained experimentally for several configurations to compare them with the appropriate theoretical concepts. For this, the distance between the source of Cesium-137 (36.9 GBq in 01/22/2015) and the ionization chamber was varied from 500 to 3000 mm at 250mm intervals. To obtain lower ambient dose equivalent rates, 15 and 32 mm thick lead attenuators were used. The mathematical model that best fit the experimental values was analyzed. In all cases, the potential function offers better fit, since the coefficients of determination obtained are approximately equal to 1, obeying the Law of the Inverse Square of the Distance, according to theoretical foundation. Moreover, it was evaluated that the relative deviations are below the limits established by the relevant standard.
PAYMENT OF REMUNERATION TO THE ARBITRATION MANAGER IN BANKRUPTCY: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL PROBLEMS
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Butyrskyi A.A. , Nikolenko L.M. ,   Donetsk State University of Internal Affairs, Mariupol, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The arbitral trustee faces many problems in his work, but the most important is question about pay for his services. The purpose of the article is to study the legal regulation of remuneration to the trustee in bankruptcy, identify problems that arise in practice in the application of the relevant provisions of the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedure and highlight on this basis the author’s vision of the remuneration of the trustee in bankruptcy. The authors argued the introduction of a provision on the appointment of an arbitral trustee to perform the powers of the administrator of property in the event of bankruptcy proceedings on the application of the initiating creditor as a permanent one, which will work after the launch of the Unified Judicial Information and Telecommunication System. This will allow to adhere to the principle of dispositiveness, as one of the principles of the Code of Ukraine on Bankruptcy Procedure, according to which the bankruptcy procedure is carried out. Based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that the arbitral trustee should be able to choose in which bankruptcy case to participate, and which to refuse, what amount of remuneration he should receive and so on. In reorganization and liquidation proceedings, only creditors (through the creditors’ committee) should elect an arbitration trustee to perform the powers of the reorganization trustee and liquidator. Creditors must pay a fee to the trustee if they are interested in settling their claims. The arbitral trustee shall exercise his / her powers for a fee, which shall consist of a principal and an additional fee. The arbitration trustee may also receive funds from creditors from the fund to advance the monetary reward. It is necessary to distinguish between the concepts of “the emergence of the right to monetary remuneration” and “payment of monetary remuneration”. The emergence of the right to monetary remuneration means that only the first condition has come — the payment deadline. However, the payment of monetary remuneration is not automatic, as only creditors can assess the effectiveness of the arbitral trustee in the procedure of disposition of property.
CONCEPT, FEATURES AND TYPES OF CORPORATE DISPUTES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Slyvinska A.V.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the legal nature of corporate disputes, the study of their criteria and types. Deficiencies in cur rent definition of corporate dispute in the economic procedural legislation, as well as the lack of a single concept of corporate dispute in the legal doctrine are revealed. As a result, the problem of understanding the essence of corporate dispute and determining the jurisdiction of disputes arising from corporate relations remains crucial. It is concluded that a corporate dispute is a dispute between a legal entity of corporate type and its participant (foun der, shareholder, member), including a participant who left, related to the acquisition, exercise, termination of corporate rights, creation of a legal entity, implementation of corporate management, activity and termination of the legal entity. It is proposed to consolidate this definition of corporate dispute in paragraph 3 of part 1 of Art. 20 of the Economic Procedural Code of Ukraine. The key features of the corporate disputes are determined and characterized: content; special subject composition; grounds and circumstance in proof; plurality and exclusive nature of remedies in such disputes. It is established that the content of corporate dispute is corporate relations, which the legislation currently defines only through corporate rights. The necessity of complex understanding of corporate relations is substantiated and it is proposed to consider them in part 3 of Art. 167 of the Economic Code of Ukraine as relations related to the acquisition, exercise, termination of corporate rights, creation of a legal entity, implementation of corporate management, activity and termination of a legal entity. Based on the analysis of the features of corporate disputes, research of scientific approaches and relevant case law, the classification of such disputes is carried out. In particular, corporate disputes are proposed to be classified according to subjective, substantive criteria, as well as on the grounds of their occurrence. It is established a list of disputes that belong to corporate and distinguished them from related disputes. In order to resolve the problem of jurisdiction of disputes arising from corporate relations, it is proposed to enshrine in part 1 of Art. 20 of the Economic Procedural Code of Ukraine list of corporate disputes.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT INNOVATION IN SMEs IN EUROPEAN UNION REGIONS’ SMART SPECIALIZATION
Authors:   State Institution “Institute of Regional Research named after M.I. Dolishniy of NAS of Ukraine”, Lviv, Ukraine, Dub A.R.
Published: September 2021

The intentions of the Ukrainian authorities to increase the competitiveness of regional economies based on smart specialization caused the study of the characteristics of financing projects of smart specialization of regions of the European Union. The introduction of innovations in the activities of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to increase their competitiveness is one of the key areas of financial support for smart specialization. The aim of the study is to identify the effectiveness of financial support for smart specialization projects in the EU regions in terms of funding research, development and innovation aimed at improving the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses. In the course of the study, we analyzed the databases of the European Structural and Investment Funds on the amount of funding for research, development and innovation aimed at increasing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized busi nesses, by areas of funding and EU countries. We also compared the level of use of funds and the level of achievement of the goals planned in the projects. EU countries and regions used the funds planned by the European Structural and Investment Funds to finance the implementation of innovations in SMEs only by a third due to weak interaction of SMEs with research centers, as well as due to insufficient projects to improve the efficiency of SMEs through implementation results of research, development and innovation. The main emphasis in supporting small and medium-sized businesses through the implementation of research advances has been placed in the smart specialization strategies of the Netherlands, Slovakia, Poland, the United Kingdom and Germany. However, the largest amount of funding for research, development and innovation in SMEs in 2014-2020 among EU member states was planned, in addition to Poland and Germany, for Italy and Spain. The analysis showed that by 2020 the level of implementation of only certain goals of smart specialization reached 50 % or more of the planned indicators. However, in the context of the EU countries, there was no homogeneity in achieving all the goals related to the development and functioning of small and medium-sized businesses through the implementation of research, development and innovation. The efficiency of using the financial resources of the European Structural and Investment Funds for the implementation of smart specialization strategies in the EU regions was not high. It is likely that by 2023 when the projects launched in 2014-2020 will be completed, the level of achievement by the EU regions of smart specialization goals in terms of implementing research, development and innovation in SMEs will increase. Nevertheless, in our opinion, it will not be possible to achieve their full implementation.
PECULIARITIES OF BUSINESS ASSET MANAGEMENT
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Golovko O.Hr. , Omelianenko D.O. ,   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the generalization of theoretical aspects and practical recommendations for improving the asset management system in modern conditions. To build an effective system, the object of management — assets — is studied in detail. The approaches to understanding the essence of assets, namely value, financial and property, are singled out. The ratio of such concepts as “current assets”, “working capital” and “working capital” is studied, their common and different characteristics are determined. The current assets are grouped according to different classification features and their significance in the production process is determined. It is substantiated that the grouping of current assets is primarily of practical importance, allowing to build a clear system of accounting and analysis of the availability and movement of current assets and to form an effective system of their management by individual types. A thorough analysis of the interpretations of the concept of “asset management” available in the scientific literature has been made, and several approaches to its understanding have been identified. The conducted research made it possible to form an author's definition of the current assets management system. It is determined that the current assets management system should be based on an integrated approach, the components of which are objects and subjects of management, purpose, basic principles and functions, methods and tools of influence, formalized quantitative and qualitative criteria for achieving goals, and factors forming the operating environment of the object. The characteristic of each element of the system is given, in particular the subjects and objects of management are concretized, their interaction is considered, the purposes and tasks are outlined. It is determined that the functions of the management system are controlling, stabilizing and analytical, and the principles on which it is based — timeliness, unity, continuity, optimality and rationality. The implementation of the current assets management system involves the implementation of a number of successive measures in the form of certain stages, which are considered in the work. The proposed system of current assets management will predict the choice of management strategy of the entity in the long run and increase the overall efficiency of its operation.
МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНИХ ЗАСАД ФОНДОВОГО РИНКУ В УКРАЇНІ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ОНОВЛЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ
Authors: ШИШКОВ Станіслав
Published: September 2021

Констатовано негативні тенденції в розвитку фінансового ринку України, у тому числі обмеженість застосовуваного фінансового інструментарію. Незважаючи на розгалужений перелік уже доступних учасникам ринку видів цінних паперів і деривативів, інтерес інвесторів сконцентрований майже винятково на державних цінних паперах, натомість операції з корпоративними фінансовими інструментами мають епізодичний характер.У ході дослідження оновленого українського законодавства у сфері ринків капіталу обґрунтовано, що декларована в ньому мета запровадження нових фінансових інструментів не відповідає реальному змісту законодавчих змін. Ідеться, насамперед, про косметичну зміну класифікаційних ознак чи назв і впорядкування на законодавчому рівні вимог до окремих видів цінних паперів, які вже існували до цього на рівні підзаконних нормативних актів. Формально кількість груп і видів цінних паперів, доступних до обігу, після оновлення законодавства навіть скоротиться. Чи не єдине помітне розширення переліку інструментарію стосується законодавчого оформлення окремих категорій боргових цінних паперів, випуск та обіг яких, проте, не суперечили і попередньому законодавству.Виявлено, що значне розширення класифікаційних ознак деривативів забезпечується за рахунок нетипових інструментів, використання яких і до цього не заборонялося законодавством, але при цьому воно не супроводжується змінами в податковому законодавстві; обмежує поточну свободу договору для сторін деривативних контрактів, навіть у разі їх укладення поза організованим ринком, і призводить до суттєвої правової невизначеності через віднесення значного кола питань щодо особливостей застосування деривативів до сфери повноважень регулятора, що має впорядкувати їх на рівні власних нормативних документів, які, очевидно, не будуть розроблені вчасно, до набуття чинності змін до законодавства. Обґрунтовано, що спорадичні зміни законодавства, пов’язані з суперечливою імплементацією європейської правової основи, є недостатніми для вирішення реальних проблем розвитку інфраструктури фінансового ринку і розширення його інструментарію.
Creation of Optimal Design of Runner Oil System of Kaplan Hydro-Turbines
Authors:   JSC Turboatom, Subotin Viktor H. , Burakov Oleksandr S. ,   JSC Turboatom, Iefymenko Viktor M. ,   JSC Turboatom, Starchenko Andrii Yu. ,   JSC Turboatom, Kovalov Yurii M. ,   LLC Dnipro-Spetsgidroenergomontage, Rassovskyi Vadym L. ,   PJSC Ukrhydroenergo
Published: September 2021

The main objectives of the reconstruction are stated. Those are: increase of the service life of the hydro-turbines of Dnipro Cascade, enhancement of their efficiency, power, and environmental safety, extension of the power control range of the hydro-power plants, assurance of the reliability and improvement of the operating safety of their equipment and structures, meeting the environmental requirements, improvement of the quality of the generated electric power after control system rehabilitation. The article deals with and analyses the chronology of the creation of the optimal design for a vertical Kaplan hydro-unit oil piping taking into consideration the half a century operational experience and stages of hydro-turbine modernization for Dnipro-2 HPP. The experience in improvement of the hydro-unit and oil head system control design is generalized, from the unified solution to the creation of the all-new design. The methods of the oil system rod machining and preliminary control are amended. The temperature control of the automatic unit shutdown in case of heating of oil head bushes is introduced into the control system. The oil piping installation method is improved and step-by-step checking of the oil piping installation centering is introduced. As a result of implementation of a package of design and process engineering solutions, the optimal design of the oil piping of improved reliability was created. It decreased the unscheduled downtime of the units and cut expenses on their maintenance providing the cyclic recurrence recommended by the standards for the operation of the oil pressure device pumps and thus, decreased the electric power consumption for balance-of-plant needs. The objects of the implementation of the developed oil piping design are given.
Numerical Investigations of the Crack Resistance of Ion-Strengthened Sheet Glass Under Bending Strains
Authors:   A. Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Hontarovskyi Pavlo P. , Smetankina Natalia V. ,   A. Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Ugrimov Serhii V. ,   A. Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Garmash Nataliia H. ,   A. Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Melezhyk Iryna I. ,   A. Pidhornyi Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU
Published: September 2021

The safety of reliable operation of aircraft and their durability essentially depend on the strength of the glazing, which is a critical structural element. There are a number of different requirements for glazing. To provide the necessary parameters, high-strength silicate glass is widely used, and special technologies for its strengthening are used. The analysis of the problem showed that the insufficient strength of aircraft glazing elements and the complexity of methods for monitoring the state of glass during production and operation due to the presence of microscopic surface defects, as well as the need for a reliable assessment of residual stresses, require that there be used new approaches and technical solutions for the development of modern technologies for creating structures. Ion exchange is one of the glass strengthening mechanisms, which makes it possible to reduce the negative effect of surface defects by artificially creating residual compressive stresses and reducing the thickness of the damaged layer. Computational studies, under bending strains, of the crack resistance of ion-exchange strengthened sheet glass were carried out using an in-house FEM-based software package developed to study the thermally stressed states of structures. The results obtained showed that the strength of real sheet glass fracture due to tensile stresses in bending is determined by crack-like surface defects. The creation of residual compressive stresses on the glass surface by ion exchange strengthening provides an increase in bending strength. With an increase in residual stresses and the depth of their distribution, the effect of ion-exchange treatment increases. If the depth of the zone of compressive stresses due to ion-exchange strengthening is much less than the depth of the surface crack, then the strength of the glass depends little on the maximum compressive stresses on the surface. The effect of ion-exchange strengthening increases significantly in the case of a decrease in the depth of the surface crack. The expediency of further research and comparison of calculation results with experimental data are shown. The developed technique will make it possible to solve important practical problems in studying the strength of the aircraft multilayer glazing and determining the optimal methods for eliminating defects.
An Integrated Approach to the Optimization of Plates in Plane Stress State Operated at High Temperatures
Authors:   Kryvyi Rih Metallurgical Institute of the National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Fridman Мark M.
Published: September 2021

Many critical elements of building and machine-building structures during their operation are in difficult operating conditions (high temperature, aggressive environment, etc.). In this case, they can be subject to a double effect: corrosion and material damage. Corrosion leads to a decrease in the cross-section of a structure, resulting in stress increase therein. In turn, damage to the material is accompanied by the appearance of microcracks and voids therein, due to inelastic deformation (creep), leading to a deterioration in its physical properties (for example, the elastic modulus) and a sharp decrease in the stress values at which the structure is destroyed. This article continues the study in the field of the optimal design of structures subject to the aforementioned double effect by the example of the optimization of plates with holes in the plane stress state, exposed to high temperatures (in previous works, the use of this approach was demonstrated in the optimization of the bending elements of rectangular and I-sections). Used as a corrosion equation is the modified Dolinsky mode, which takes into account the (additional) effect of the protective properties of an anticorrosive coating on the corrosion kinetics. Taken as a kinetic equation describing the change in material damage, is Yu. N. Rabotnov’s model, which enables to determine the duration of the incubation period of the beginning of the tangible process of material damage. To study the stress state of a plate, the finite element method is used. With a given contour of the plate, found is the optimal distribution of the thickness of the finite elements into which the given plate is divided. Acting as a constraint of the optimization problem is the parameter of damage to the plate material. The approach proposed in this work can be used to solve similar problems of the optimal design of structures operating under conditions of corrosion and material damage, using both analytical solutions and numerical methods.
Elastic-Plastic Problem for a Stringer Plate with a Circular Hole
Authors:   Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of the NAS of Azerbaijan, Mir-Salim-zade Minavar V.
Published: September 2021

When calculating the strength of machines, structures and buildings with technological holes, it is important to take into account the plastic zones that emerge around the holes. However, the unknown shape and size of the plastic zone complicate the solution of elastic-plastic problems. This paper gives an approximate method and solution of the plane elastic-plastic problem of the distribution of stresses in a thin plate, reinforced with a regular system of stiffeners (stringers). The stringer plate under consideration has a circular hole, which is completely surrounded by the zone of plastic deformation. At infinity, the plate is subjected to a uniform tension along the stiffeners. A constant normal load is applied to the contour of the hole. The plate and stringer materials are assumed to be isotropic. The loading conditions are assumed to be quasi-static. It is assumed that the plate is in the plane-stressed state. Taken as the plasticity condition in the plastic zone is the Tresca-Saint-Venant plasticity condition. Methods of perturbation theory, analytic function theory, and the least squares method are used. The solution to the stated elastic-plastic problem consists of two stages. At the first stage, the stress-strain state for the elastic zone is found, and then the unknown interface between the elastic and plastic zones is determined using the least squares method. A closed system of algebraic equations has been constructed in each approximation, the numerical solution of which makes it possible to study the stress-strain state of a stringer plate, with the hole entirely surrounded by the plastic zone, as well as to determine the magnitudes of the concentrated forces that replace the action of the stringers. The interface between the elastic and plastic deformations has been found. The presented solution technique can be developed to solve other elastic-plastic problems. The solution obtained in this paper makes it possible to consider elastic-plastic problems for a stringer plate with other plasticity criteria.
SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED ADJUSTMENT OF INTELLECTUALIZED PANEL METERS OF ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS OF ENERGY GENERATING OBJECTS
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Kromplyas B.A. , Levytskyi A. S. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Zaitsev Ie. O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The analysis of functional possibilities of electronic panel meters of electric operational parameters of power generating objects is carried out. The list of additional functions of such meters for the increase of reliability of work of operators of control units of power generating objects is developed. The structure of the automated system of settings of advanced panel meters for different modes of operation of the power generating object is created, the structures and functions of the components of this system are analyzed. Ref. 14, figure.
PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATING MODES OF BULK ELECTRICAL NETWORKS BY CRITERIA ACTIVE POWER LOSSES
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Kuchanskyy V.V. , Malakhatka D.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

It is shown that the use of controlled shunt reactors enables, based on ultra-high voltage transmission lines, to create a controlled generation of new generation FACTS types that meet the requirements of modern power systems and combinations. Typical modes of operation of the high-voltage power line with installed controlled shunt reactors are analyzed. The efficiency of the use of controlled shunt reactors as measures of transverse compensation in ultrahigh voltage transmission lines is shown. The article shows that due to a smooth change in the consumption of excess reactive power of the transmission line, the normalization of the voltage values is achieved, and, accordingly, the total power losses are reduced. Ref. 9, fig. 3, tables 3.
ANALYSIS OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCE ON RESPONSE FUNCTION OF THE COPLANAR CAPACITIVE SHAFT BEATING SENSOR
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Bereznychenko V.O. , Pidchibii O.Ye. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

In the paper presents results of analysis of the influence of the thickness of the dielectric substrate of a capacitive beating sensor, the electrodes of which are made of foil dielectric type FR4, on the transformation function of the sensor by methods of computer modeling are presented. The results of research by methods of computer modeling of the influence of the thickness of the dielectric substrate of a capacitive beating sensor, the electrodes of which are made of foil dielectric type FR4, on the transformation function of the sensor are presented. The studies were performed in the measurement range of the sensor with a change in the thickness of the dielectric selected from a standard line of material sizes. A comparative analysis method for manufacturing capacitive sensors using PCB technology was done. As a result of the analysis, the dependences of the influence of the thickness of the dielectric substrate on the conversion function of the capacitive sensor are obtained. Bibl. 20, fig. 2, table.
Paleografía musical en el ámbito brasileño: paradigmas, problemas y avances
Authors: Sotuyo Blanco Pablo
Published: September 2021

El presente texto presenta un panorama del estado del arte de la paleografía musical en Brasil, sus paradigmas y problemas, documentales, conceptuales y terminológicos, entre los más destacados. También considera, a través de una revisión bibliográfica selectiva, sus autores más relevantes, sus relaciones y sus avances, destacando aquellos en los que las aproximaciones multidisciplinarias, en particular las relacionadas con la diplomática, documentación y archivología aplicadas al patrimonio documental musical. Finalmente, considera estos aportes en el ámbito brasileño, tanto en su comunidad científica, las industrias que alimenta y el ambiente cultural en general.
Prevalence of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance genes among Stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical isolates in Egypt
Authors: Elsheredy Amel , Elsheikh Azza , Ghazal Abeer , Shawky Sherine
Published: September 2021

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important multidrug resistant nosocomial pathogen. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) is considered the drug of choice for treatment of S. maltophilia infections, thus emerging resistance to TMP/SMX poses a serious threat. In the present study we aimed to investigate the frequency of TMP/SMX resistance genes (sul1, sul2, dfrA), and to evaluate their relatedness with integron 1 (int1), and insertion sequence common regions (ISCR) among 100 S. maltophilia from different clinical isolates in Egypt. Isolates were identified biochemically and confirmed by VITEK2. Detection of sul1, sul2, and dfrA genes, int1 and ISCR elements was performed by PCR. Among the 16 TMP/SMX resistant isolates, sul1 gene was detected in all of them, and it was associated with int1 gene presence in all resistant isolates. The sul2 gene was detected in 6 out of 16 resistant isolates (37.5%), and only 2 of the 16 resistant isolates (12.5%) harboured dfrA gene. ISCR was detected in 10 of the resistant isolates (62.5%) and in 4 of them it was associated with the presence of sul2 gene. Among the 84 TMP/SMX sensitive isolates, sul1 gene was detected in 15 (17.8%), int1 in 16 (19%) and ISCR in 6 (7.1%). None of the susceptible isolates had sul2 or dfrA genes. These findings point out an increasing frequency of TMP/SMX resistance genes among S. maltophilia clinical isolates in our region, so the adoption of prudent use of S. maltophilia antimicrobial agents and the establishment of a surveillance system are desperately needed.
Hindu Images and their Worship with Special Reference to Vaisnavism: A Philosophical–Theological Inquiry, by Julius J. Lipner.
Authors: Chitgopekar Nilima
Published: September 2021

Hindu Images and their Worship with Special Reference to Vaisnavism: A Philosophical–Theological Inquiry, by Julius J. Lipner. Abingdon: Routledge, 2017. 260pp. £120 (hb), £36.99 (pb). ISBN: 978-1-138-29113-3 (hb), ISBN: 978-0-367-42706-1 (pb).
Buddhist Monks and the Politics of Lanka’s Civil War: Ethnoreligious Nationalism of the Sinhala Sangha and Peacemaking in Sri Lanka, 1995–2010, by Suren Raghavan.
Authors: Nichols Michael D.
Published: September 2021

Buddhist Monks and the Politics of Lanka’s Civil War: Ethnoreligious Nationalism of the Sinhala Sangha and Peacemaking in Sri Lanka, 1995–2010, by Suren Raghavan. Sheffield: Equinox Press, 2016. xvii + 274 pp. £85 (hb), £26.99 (pb). ISBN 978-1-78179-078-6 (hb), ISBN 978-1-78179-574-3 (pb).
'Devi Needs those Rituals!' Ontological Considerations on Ritual Transformations in a Contemporary South Indian Srividya Tradition
Authors: Hirmer Monika
Published: September 2021

Negotiations between continuity and discontinuity have characterized Srividya traditions for centuries; these are primarily studied through texts or the juxtaposition of textual prescriptions with observed practices, leaving the process of how Srividya practitioners negotiate esoteric and orthodox tendencies unexplored. Building on extensive fieldwork among practitioners of a contemporary South Indian Srividya tradition, I present the dynamics animating such transformations. Focusing on kalavahana, one of the tradition's central rituals aimed at identifying with Devi, I trace the underlying forces that gradually replace its most esoteric aspects (centred around the body and pleasure) with conventional worship (external or meditative practices), refashioning the tradition as part of mainstream Saktism. While some practitioners conform to the new canon, others, for whom the changes diminish ritual efficacy, secretly continue embodied practices. Through a Foucauldian archaeologico-genealogical analysis, I investigate which regimes of truth and ontological coordinates allow the ritual to change, and which diminish its efficacy. While at first negotiations between continuity and discontinuity appear driven by socio-political motives, ultimately they are governed and legitimized by fundamentally diverging modes of being. A pre-objectified worldview demands embodied experiences (including unconventional practices invoking pleasure) while a dualistic framework endorses representational practices (such as meditation and idol-worship).
Jaina and Brahmanical Temples and Political Processes in a Forested Frontier of Early Medieval Southwestern Bengal
Authors: Prasad Birendra Nath
Published: September 2021

In a significant section of available scholarship on pre-Islamic Bengal, a dominant tendency has been to generalize the patterns of historical trajectories of the great river valleys. This has resulted in many discrepancies, particularly in the context of the plateau-like portions of southwestern Bengal, where, unlike other parts of Bengal, Jainism came to have an entrenched presence during the early medieval period (c.600–1200 ce). Through an analysis of the published archaeological data, this paper attempts to study the social history of Jaina and Brahmanical temples and their linkages with the political processes in a forested frontier of early medieval southwestern Bengal: Purulia. This district, marked with an absence of early historical farming cultures, was an extension of the Chhotanagpur plateau of Jharkhand. During the early medieval period, this district witnessed three coeval and interrelated processes: large-scale construction of Jaina and Brahmanical (primarily Saiva) temples, emergence of a local state, and widespread construction of hero stones. The political elites of the major political centre of the local state that emerged in this area seem to have derived their legitimacy by patronizing Saiva temples, but Jaina temples seem to have provided the primary avenue for the legitimation of local heroes after their death, who were immortalized in hero stones.
Etiology of influenza-like illnesses in the population of Novosibirsk city in the 2018–2019 epidemic season
Authors: Kurskaya O. G. , Anoshina A. V. , Leonova N. V. , Simkina O. A. , Komissarova T. V. , Esikova E. Yu. , Pozdnyakova L. L. , Sobolev I. A. , Prokopyeva E. A. , Murashkina Т. A. , Kazachkova E. A. , Alekseev А. Yu. , Danilenko D. M. , Komissarov A. B. , Stolyarov K. A. , Fadeev A. V. , Sominina A. A. , Shestopalov А. M. , Sharshov K. A.
Published: September 2021

Influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections lead to a substantial incidence of severe cases and hospitalizations and so remain a global health problem. Within the frame of the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN), we assessed the contribution of influenza and other respiratory viruses to severe cases of influenzalike diseases in patients hospitalized to the Novosibirsk infectious hospitals in the years 2018–2019. We analyzed 484 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients admitted to the hospitals with acute respiratory infections (ARI) using real-time polymerase chain reaction commercial kits. We confirmed viral etiology of ARI in 69.8% cases. Influenza viruses were detected in 47.1% cases, wherein concomitant circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses was observed in 20.7% and 26% of patients, respectively, whereas influenza B virus was detected only in one sample. All analyzed influenza A viruses were antigenically similar to vaccine strains. Genetically, the Novosibirsk strains were closely related to influenza A viruses distributed in Russia and worldwide. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus was detected in all patients aged 0 to 14 years and required intensive care. Other respiratory viruses were detected in 36.4% of children and 5.8% of adults, and 8.3% of children had viral coinfection, whereas no cases of coinfection were detected in adults. The most common viruses in children were metapneumovirus — 12.8%, rhinovirus — 9.3% and respiratory syncytial virus — 8.0%. In adults, metapneumovirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus and rhinovirus were detected with a detection rate no exceeding 2%. In this study, we found no differences in the detection rate of the influenza virus due to concomitant chronic diseases, pregnancy, or smoking habits. At the same time, the detection rate of other respiratory viruses in non-smokers vs. smokers was significantly lower than in smokers and former smokers (26.15%, 66.67% and 62.50%, respectively). In addition, the level of detection of respiratory viruses in children with vs. without chronic pathology was significantly higher (55.3% and 38.7%, respectively). Thus, our and similar studies are important for monitoring and control of the infection.
MOTOSİKLET KULLANIMINDA RİSK ALMA DAVRANIŞLARI ÖLÇEĞİ: TÜRKÇEYE UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: ERTAŞ Mehmet , KIRLAR CAN Burçin
Published: September 2021

Motosiklet kullanımı çeşitli nedenlerden dolayı son yıllarda oldukça popüler hale gelmiştir. Ancak motosiklet, diğer araçların taşıdığı donanıma ve koruma fonksiyonuna sahip olmaması nedeniyle daha riskli bir ulaşım aracı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, Motosiklet Kullanımında Risk Alma Davranışları Ölçeğinin (MKRAD) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğini test etmektedir. Çalışmada motosiklet kullanıcılarının risk alma davranışlarını ortaya çıkarmak da amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemini rekreatif amaçlı seyahat eden 18-40 yaş aralığındaki gençler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri çevrimiçi anket yöntemi ile toplanmış ve 387 adet kullanılabilir anket elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliğini test etmek için Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA), motosiklet ile rekreatif amaçlı seyahat eden gençlerin risk alma davranışlarını ölçmek için ise frekans analizi yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda MKRAD ölçeği 13 ifadeli iki faktör olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bununla birlikte rekreatif amaçlı seyahat eden gençlerin motosiklet kullanırken riskli davranışlardan kaçındıkları ve trafik kurallarına uymaya özen gösterdikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Motosiklet kullanıcılarının yalnızca sollama yaparken veya şehir içinde ve dışında hız yaparak risk aldıkları belirlenmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DE 1923-1945 DÖNEMİNDE UYGULANAN ORMAN POLİTİKALARI
Authors: POLATOĞLU Mehmed Gökhan
Published: September 2021

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Millî Mücadele yıllarından itibaren Türkiye’nin her alanda ilerlemesi için etkin bir faaliyet içerisinde bulundu. Bu kapsamda, yer üstü servetleri olarak nitelediği ormanlara ayrı bir önem verdi. Ülkede ormana dair bir bilincin ve kültürün oluşturulması için bizzat gayret sarf etti. Hükümete verdiği talimatlar neticesinde henüz Millî Mücadele devam ederken 1920-1921 sürecinde çeşitli orman yasaları yayımlandı. 1923-1937 dönemindeki çalışmalar ile yabancı uzmanların kontrolünde bir orman planlaması ve teşkilatlanması gerçekleştirildi. Yasa tasarıları ve raporlar hazırlandı. Mevcut ormanların korunması ve yeni ormanlık alanların oluşturulması için bilimsel çalışmalar yapıldı. Teknik elaman ve personelin yetiştirilmesi amacıyla okullar açıldı.

Türkiye’de ormancılık üzerine özellikle 1937’den itibaren kapsamlı çalışmalar gerçekleştirildi. Şehirlerde, Orman Müdürlükleri ve ormanlık alanlarda Orman Bölge Şeflikleri kuruldu. Orman işleri ve işletmeleri, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü’nün kontrolünde faaliyetlerini sürdürmeye başladı. Devlete ait olmayan ormanlar, Orman İdaresi’nin kontrolüne alındı. Ağaçlandırma faaliyetleri kapsamında fidanlıklar kuruldu. 1939’da Orman İşletme Yönetmeliği yayımlandı. Böylece, Devlet Orman İşletmelerinin kurulmasının önü açıldı.

İkinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında (1939-1945) orman ürünlerine olan iç talebin armasına bağlı olarak, orman işletmeciliğinin geliştirilmesi sağlandı. Birçok yerde orman revirleri açıldı. Orman varlığının arttırılması, geliştirilmesi ve korunması amacıyla 1945’te bazı istisnalar dışında tüm ormanlar devletleştirildi. Bu çalışma ile Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nde ormancılık üzerine gerçekleştirilen faaliyetler, bilimsel yöntem ve veriler ışığında ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir.