bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RICOS QUASE POBRES: TESTAMENTOS DO LITORAL DA CAPITANIA DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE SETECENTISTA
Authors: De Paula Thiago Nascimento Torres
Published: August 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho, é apresentar as transcrições dos testamentos de Pedro Tavares Romeiro (1767), Francisco Fernandes da Silva (1771), José Ribeiro de Macedo (1780), Francisco Pinto de Araújo (1788), Teodósio Felipe da Rocha (1791) e do governador Caetano da Silva Sanchez (1799), buscando preservar os originais que estão sob a guarda do arquivo do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Rio Grande do Norte (IHGRN). Os documentos foram escritos, aprovados e abertos na Capitania do Rio Grande do Norte, especificamente na Vila de São José do Rio Grande e Cidade do Natal entre os anos de 1767 e 1799. As transcrições foram realizadas dentro das normas estabelecidas no Estado brasileiro, sendo produto de uma pesquisa de Pós-Doutorado em Educação realizado na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, havendo financiamento da CAPES. A partir disso, demonstramos personagem que viveram na capitania supramencionada na segunda metade do século XVIII, homens ricos quase pobres, haja vista os minúsculos patrimônios declarados nas páginas dos testamentos. Por fim, expomos as transcrições dos documentos que poderão servir para formação de futuros historiadores em diversas instituições do Brasil, ou mesmo, como fonte para várias pesquisas nos múltiplos campos das Ciências Humanas e Sociais.
A personalidade de nômades digitais: proposta de um framework teórico
Authors: De Castro Nayane , Gosling Marlusa
Published: August 2022

Ao considerar que o nomadismo digital é um novo estilo de vida, infere-se a importância de desenvolver o conhecimento científico desse novo tipo de turista. Para tal, este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo propor um framework teórico, que envolve a intenção de viver como nômade digital e as características da personalidade de um indivíduo. Sendo assim, uma revisão bibliográfica do desenvolvimento do turismo, dos nômades digitais e do Modelo Metateórico de Motivação (3M) foi realizada. Dessa forma, é proposto um modelo hipotético para pesquisas futuras.
Doctoring and mothering during the SARS-COV2 pandemic: Characteristics of physicians-mothers during COVID-19 and their impact on mental health
Authors: Vargas-Huicochea Ingrid , Berenzon Shoshana , Tafoya Silvia Aracely , Guízar-Sánchez Diana Patricia , Kelsall Nora , Rodríguez-Machain Ana Carolina , Lanz-Uribe Atenea
Published: August 2022

Introduction. During COVID-19, health workers faced increased stress accentuated by gender roles, such as motherhood. Objective. This study analyzed the characteristics of a group of physicians-mothers, its impact on mental health, and their experiences during this pandemic. Method. Mixed methods study using an online survey to investigate sociodemographic, family, emotional, and professional aspects, in addition to the personal experience of 537 doctors-mothers during the first stage of COVID-19. Results. Due to the pandemic, most of the participants changed their daily activities. The hours dedicated to professional work (HM = 5.08, p  #abr#  .0001), childcare (HM = 3.74, p  #abr#  .0001), and food planning and preparation (HM = -6.96, p  #abr#  .0001) were increased, while the hours dedicated to physical exercise (MH = 8.67, p  #abr#  .0001) and personal care (MH = 9.54, p  #abr#  .0001) decreased. It has been pointed out that this pandemic has generated a lack of well-defined spaces, resulting in multitasking. Fear and guilt were two common words in the speeches of the participants. Fear of getting sick and dying, or fear of infecting their families. Guilt at feeling that they did not play a good role either as doctors or as mothers. Most common psychological symptoms were insomnia, sadness or discouragement, and constant worry or tension. Discussion and conclusion. The pandemic evidenced and exacerbated both the disparities faced by these female doctors in the medical field, as well as the inequity in housework and home-care. The loss of boundaries between the public and the private showed the mothers-doctor struggling to reconcile their personal and professional life with substantial repercussions for their mental health.
MECHANISMS FOR ACHIEVING JUSTICE IN THE WAR AND POST-WAR PERIODS: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS FOR UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Lysenko A.
Published: August 2022

The paper addresses the content and legal nature of mechanisms for the administration of justice for war crimes, as well as crimes against humanity. The comparative method was extensively applied in the article. The paper uncovers the importance of the legal profession as one that needs to prove that justice is not something abstract, but rather an achievable thing; this contributes to the work's relevancy. The article also provides the lay persons, who are directly or indirectly influenced by military aggression with the simplified manner of the issue under investigation and attempts to assure that the administration of justice after the war is due to be performed. The article offers an overview of the existing legal acts of various countries worldwide applied to prosecute war crimes, as well as to prosecute perpetrators of crimes against humanity. A considerable notice is given to the ways of administering justice to foreign plaintiffs, foreign defendants, in cases when the crime committed and its prosecution are not within the jurisdiction of the state where the latter took place. The paper highlights the measures to be taken to prevent criminals from committing crimes on the territories, referring to state states with constant violation of fundamental human rights. Specific attention is awarded to the mechanism of filing the collective lawsuits as an effective tool for bringing the perpetrators to justice which is supported by the examples. Keywords: genocide, crimes against humanity, class action, Alien Tort Claims Act, Torture Victim Protection Act, war criminals.
Digitization of Library Archives as a Tool for Preservation of Cultural Heritage
Authors: Karekar Shobha U. , Mudhol Mahesh V.
Published: August 2022

Museums, libraries and archives play a vital role in encouraging everyone to carry on learning throughout their lives and make important contributions to establishing healthier and happier communities. Archives, perhaps the best kept lifelong secret of all, are amazing treasure troves that contain the collective memories of the nation. They provide glimpses into the past that help to make sense of the present and the future.1 The main aim of this paper is to understand the importance of archives and the necessity of preserving them for the future generation to come through the process of digitization. A questionnaire based survey was conducted at Krishnadas Shama Central Library, Panaji, Goa. Since this is a public library respondents belonged to all walks of life, such as students, people who do the research and people who just browse the archives out of interest. After the investigation it was found that digitization of archives made the users to do references with greater speed and most of the respondents have expressed their satisfaction for the benefits of digitization of archives.
Use of UGC-Infonet Journals by the Faculty Members, Research Scholars and Students of Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli: A Study
Authors: Baladhandayutham A.
Published: August 2022

This study deals with the use of UGC-Infonet journals among the Faculty members, Research scholars and Students of Manonmaniam Sundaranar University. 80.91 per cent of the respondents are aware about the UGC-Infonet journals. 33.63 per cent of the respondents know about Infonet journals from library professionals. Nearly one third of respondents access the Infonet journals daily. 77.27 per cent of the respondents need the orientation programme for the effective use of Infonet journals. More than half of the respondents access the Infonet journals for their research/project work. Majority of the respondents report that limited access terminals is the main problem for accessing Infonet journals. 75.46 per cent of the respondents are satisfied with use of UGC-Infonet journals.
Doctoral Degrees in Social Science in India with Special Reference to Library and Information Science During 2006-2011: An Analytical Study
Authors: Roy Dipa , Dey Doli
Published: August 2022

The paper analyses the doctoral degrees awarded in library and information science in India during 2006-2011 with the relevant statistical tables. Data on doctoral degrees have been collected from the journal University News. An attempt has been made here to show the quantity of research output in library and information science and the discipline social science as well. The theses on library and information science have been discussed broadly. Study represents the year, university, state, guide, subject wise distribution of the research output in library and information science during the period of the six years of study (2006-2011).
The Future of Reference Service: Treading into and Going beyond Digital Reference Service
Authors: Roy Avik , Bhattacharya Udayan
Published: August 2022

The present paper is an endeavor to put light on the present bandwagon of digital reference service with a glimpse on the background and genesis of traditional reference service. The present online reference services include asynchronous transactions like e-mail, web forms, Ask-A type services and synchronous transactions like live chatting, video conferencing etc. Indisputably, though the method changes, the fundamental purpose of reference service remains and will remain unchanged. The digital reference process marks a line of demarcation for itself from the traditional one. However, there are some technological innovations like mobile apps, social networking, Live Chat with the online readers etc. which could rightly be said as the future of digital reference service which seem to be very beneficial for the people with special needs also.
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Issues for Libraries in the Era of Digital Preservation and Dissemination of Information
Authors: Pandey Satya Nand
Published: August 2022

Digital Libraries have been proved as a boon for the library users and the present era has created a platform for the libraries from where information can be disseminated through a wider service network. But some how these are quite threatened by Intellectual Property Right infringement issues. Information which is selectively acquired by libraries but can be easily transferred to some other platform must be protected. In this paper Intellectual Property Rights related to libraries have been discussed.
Book Review
Authors: Singh Prerna
Published: August 2022

No Abstract.
Study of Rural Libraries: With Special Reference to Chalantika Library of Gurudeva Rabindranath Tagore at Surrounding Villages of Sriniketan, Visva-Bharati
Authors: Saha Nimai Chand , Sinha Keshab Chandra
Published: August 2022

Background: Gurudeva Rabindranath Tagore had introduced rural library services as a part of rural reconstruction with a voluntary zeal. The service is still continuing by the Visva-Bharati through the Rural Extension Centre (REC) and with the financial assistance of the Raja Rammohan Roy Library Foundation (RRRLF), Kolkata. With the advancement of the society as well as in the field of technology, the library services have gradually shifted from their traditional concept. Therefore, it is a common thing to assume that the rural library services of Visva-Bharati have also to be changed for coping up with the recent trends and to meet the changing requirements of the rural people. Objectives of the study: In this context the present study is an attempt to explore the status of rural libraries controlled by REC, Visva-Bharati with all its required facets, e.g. annual additions, services offered by and activities performed by the rural library, the age group, gender, educational, occupational status of the rural library managers, readers visited, fund provision&its utilization, statement of furniture and programme organized by the libraries are taken into consideration. Methods and materials: The entire study is based on last five years annual report as prepared by the REC, Visva-Bharati. For data analysis, Tabular form of data presentation, Bar Chart, Histogram and Pie charts are being used as statistical techniques. Findings: The study has revealed that the most of the rural libraries are suffering from insufficient infrastructure, insufficient resources and lack of willingness of the rural people to work as librarian and assistant librarian to run the libraries as well as to be active members/readers of the library. Anticipated Result: The findings may come into help to the authority (REC, Visva-Bhaarti and RRRLF, Kolkata) for adopting appropriate measures to overcome the hurdles and make the services more popular to the village people for their development.
Perceptions of Commercial Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) Users on Open Source Packages with a Special Reference to Libsys Software
Authors: Gireesh Kumar T. K.
Published: August 2022

Advent of Information and Communication Technology has highly influenced the entire spectrum of libraries worldwide. As an effective solution to automate the activities and services of libraries, Integrated Library Management System is increasingly gaining momentum in Indian libraries for the last few decades. Among them, popularity of Open Source Integrated Library Management System (OSILMS) is increasing as a cost effective solution to automate the library due to its provisions in self-customizing to meet the local requirements. However, it is true that majority of the Indian libraries are still continuing with their legacy commercial systems, though they have awareness of advantages of OSILMS. In this context, this research study observes the major issues associated with the adoption of OSILMS in Indian libraries and examines the attitude of library professionals using LibSys software towards the adoption of OSILMS. The present paper also investigates the major concerns why LibSys software is being used as a commercial automation system when OSILMS are available for free and the study also analyzes the satisfaction level of LibSys users with the functional modules of the software. Majority of LibSys users support the adoption of OSILMS though they are satisfied with their software being used, however lack of technical knowledge, support and shortage of skilled staff required to install and maintain the software are found to be the major issues associated with the adoption of OSILMS in Indian libraries.
Research on Indian Economy by the Global Research Community:A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Chand B. B.
Published: August 2022

With liberalization and economic reforms, India has become a global economic hub. Interest of global research community has increased over time to study India's economic progress. The cultural diversity, social differences in Indian society coupling with the economic aspects has made India a special case of research for the international economist. This study use data from Social Science Citation Index to study the key research areas, countries, institutions and authors engaged in research on Indian economy. Study finds that planning, development, agriculture and environmental issues are key research areas for the economist. United States of America, England and Australia are the key counties among 75 countries that have interest in Indian economic research. World class universities such as Harvard and Oxford including institutions like the World Bank and IFPRI are engaged with research on Indian economy. Researchers of Indian origin also have key interest on Indian economic research. However publications in high impact journals are low.
Application of Bloom’s Taxonomy in Library and Information Science: An Assessment
Authors: Kumar Das Amit , Bhattacharyya Sahu Nivedita
Published: August 2022

Bloom’s Taxonomy has been used as a tool to develop sound teaching-learning processes in many fields; however, there has been very little on the application of the taxonomy in Library and Information Science. This paper outlines how the evaluation process could be more logical and scientific to ensure the necessary skills, which are necessary for day to day work of library professionals. Based on different levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy a few sample questions are given.
A Comprehensive Classification of Sentiment Reviews of Twitter Data in the Domain of Climatology using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Chatterjee Apala , Mahato Shampa , Kumar Chatterjee Sunil
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study aims at classification of sentiment reviews of Twitter data in the domain of climatology using machine learning techniques. It focuses on the text classification in order to determine the people’s intension about the climatic issues i.e., climate change, climate variability, environmental aspects etc. This paper portrays a comparison of results obtained by applying different classification algorithms like Naive Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree Classifier, Neural Network classifier etc. These algorithms are used to classify a sentimental review and people’s emotions associated with climate. Design/Methodology/Approach: Total 2265 climate reviews data have been taken from Twitter’s developers’ account. After that, we pre-processed the total dataset by removing various symbols, HTTP tags, punctuation, etc. The pre-processed text were analysed and represented through Topic modelling, Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) and also Visualization of Heatmap. Next, bag of words are evaluated through various algorithms such as Naive Bayes (NB), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree Classifier and Neural Network classifier. After applying above mentioned classifier, datasets are tested and scores are noted. For the experiment, 70 % of total reviews (i.e.1586) are used for model training and 30% of total reviews (i.e. 680) are used for testing the models. Findings: By performing different algorithms, it shows that Random Forest classifier algorithm works well than other mentioned classifiers and most of the people have positive sentiment towards climate according to Valence Aware Dictionary for Sentiment Reasoning (VADER).
LIS Education: Pragmatic Paradigm Shift. Edited by KP Singh. Today and Tomorrow’s Printers and Publishers, New Delhi. 341 p. 2022. ISBN 9789391734367, Hardbound. INR 2595
Authors: Harinarayana N. S.
Published: August 2022

No Abstract.
Seismometer Records of Ground Tilt Induced by Debris Flows
Authors: Wenner Michaela , Allstadt Kate , Thelen Weston , Lockhart Andrew , Hirschberg Jacob , McArdell Brian W. , Walter Fabian
Published: August 2022

A change in surface loading causes the Earth’s surface to deform. Mass movements, such as debris flows, can cause a tilt large enough to be recorded by nearby instruments, but the signal is strongly dependent on the mass loading and subsurface parameters. Specifically designed sensors for such measurements (tiltmeters) are cumbersome to install. Alternatively, broadband seismometers record translational motion and also tilt signals, often at periods of tens to hundreds of seconds. Their horizontal components are thereby the most sensitive to tilt. In this study, we show how to obtain tilt caused by the passing by of debris flows from seismic measurements recorded within tens of meters of the flow and investigate the usefulness of this signal for flow characterization. We investigate the problem on three scales (1) large-scale laboratory experiments at the U.S. Geological Survey debris-flow flume, where broadband seismometers and tiltmeters were installed for six 8–10  m3 experiments, (2) the Illgraben torrent in Switzerland, one of the most active mass wasting sites in the European Alps, where a broadband seismometer placed within a few meters of the channel recorded 15 debris-flow events with volumes up to 105  m3, and (3) Volcán de Fuego, Guatemala, where a broadband seismometer recorded two lahars. We investigate how the tilt signals compare to debris-flow parameters such as mean normal stresses, usually measured by expensive force plates, and debris-flow height. We model the elastic ground deformation as the response of an elastic half-space to a moving surface load. In addition, we use the model with some simplifications to determine the maximum debris-flow heights of Volcán de Fuego events, where no force plate measurements are available. Finally, we address how and under what assumptions the relatively affordable and straightforward tilt measurements may be utilized to infer debris-flow parameters, as opposed to force plates and other complicated instrument setups.
A Practical Methodology to Estimate Site Fundamental Periods Based on the KiK-net Borehole Velocity Profiles and Its Application to Istanbul
Authors: Güllü Ahmet , Hasanoğlu Serkan , Yüksel Ercan
Published: August 2022

Determination of site fundamental periods is remarkably important to classify soil deposits and to identify the resonant probability of any structures during an earthquake. Recent developments in the literature exposed that the fundamental period is a better proxy than time-averaged velocity to 30 m (VS30) or the best complementary parameter to VS30 to evaluate the soil characteristics. Because great efforts have been paid to achieve VS30 maps of many regions and countries, an approximate methodology based on this parameter and engineering bedrock depth (Zbr), in which the shear-wave velocity reaches 760 m/s (Z0.76) or 1000 m/s (Z1.0), is presented here to find out the site fundamental periods. The methodology is developed and verified using the Kiban Kyoshin network database. Outcomes of the proposed methodology are also compared with some of the literature equations and methods. The comparative studies resulted in a great correlation with a relatively low standard deviation. Therefore, it is conceivable to apply the proposed methodology easily to the regions where VS30 and engineering bedrock depth are already known.
Prevalência de Hemoparasitoses em Cães na Região Sul do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Ferraz Alexsander , Moura de Lima Camila , Tavares Barwaldt Eugênia , Angonesi de Castro Tanize , De Oliveira Nobre Márcia , Quintana Nizoli Leandro
Published: August 2022

As hemoparasitoses são doenças que acometem os cães com bastante frequência, devido a exposição a ectoparasitos como carrapatos, que são vetores de diversos agentes, como Babesia spp., Erlichia spp., Anaplasma spp. e Mycoplasma spp. Os sinais clínicos destas afecções costumam ser inespecíficos, e incluem, febre, apatia, anorexia e alterações hematológicas, como anemia e trombocitopenia, o que pode dificultar o diagnóstico. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a prevalência de hemoparasitoses em cães, a partir de amostras de sangue, recebidas no Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, durante o ano de 2020. Foram recebidas neste período, 191 amostras e analisadas através da técnica de esfregaço sanguíneo corado com panótico rápido. Observou-se que 10,5% das amostras (20/191) estavam positivas para hemoparasitos, sendo Babesia o gênero mais prevalente, diagnosticada em 5,8% das amostras (11/191). Foram observados ainda, Anaplasma platys, presente em 5,2% (10/191) e Mycoplasma spp. em 0,5% (1/191) das amostras. Os resultados encontrados neste trabalho, evidenciam a importância da realização de exames complementares, como o esfregaço sanguíneo corado, pois o diagnóstico precoce e definitivo do agente e a adoção de medidas preventivas no controle do vetor são de extrema importância para a saúde e bem-estar dos animais.
 
Palavras-chave: Carrapatos. Diagnóstico. Esfregaço Sanguíneo. Parasitos.
 
Abstract
Hemoparasitosis are diseases that affect dogs quite frequently, due to exposure to ectoparasites such as ticks, which are vectors of several agents, such as Babesia spp., Erlichia spp., Anaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma spp. The clinical signs of these conditions are usually nonspecific, and include fever, apathy, anorexia and hematological changes, such as anemia and thrombocytopenia, which can make diagnosis difficult. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the prevalence of hemoparasitosis in dogs, from blood samples, received at the Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases of the Veterinary Faculty of the Federal University of Pelotas, during the year 2020. During this period, 191 samples were received and analyzed using the blood smear technique with rapid panotic. It was observed that 10.5% of the samples (20/191) were positive for hemoparasites, with Babesia being the most prevalent genus, diagnosed in 5.8% of the samples (11/191). Also observed, Anaplasma platys, present in 5.2% (11/191) and Mycoplasma spp. in 0.5% of the samples. The results found in this work show the importance of carrying out complementary exams, such as the stained blood smear, as the early and definitive diagnosis of the agent and the adoption of preventive measures in the control of the vector are extremely important for the health and welfare of the animals.
 
Keywords: Ticks. Diagnosis. Blood Smear. Parasites.
A Revolução Biotecnológica e os Reflexos da Modernização Agrícola
Authors: Carvalho Jéssyca Ketterine , Alves Silva Panatta Andressa
Published: August 2022

Com a modernização da agricultura, diversos danos foram causados pelo uso excessivo de agroquímicos e a monocultura (cultivo de uma única cultura). A biotecnologia, no decorrer do seu processo evolutivo, vem contribuindo em vários aspectos para remediar os reflexos negativos causados ao longo dos anos pela evolução agrícola, utilizando técnicas da engenharia genética. Com isso, este estudo teve como foco analisar a viabilidade da aplicação biotecnológica na agricultura, bem como seus reflexos positivos e negativos, tanto no âmbito ambiental, econômico e social. A metodologia utilizada foi de cunho qualitativo, com objetivo exploratório, por meio de revisão bibliográfica. A velocidade com que a modernização agrícola evolui é surpreendente, porém em função de alto nível de exploração ocorre um agravamento em questões ambientais, sociais e econômicas que merecem destaque e cautela. A biotecnologia utiliza novas técnicas com capacidades de auxiliar no rendimento e qualidade na agricultura, por meio de plantas geneticamente modificadas, controladores biológicos de pragas agrícolas, aumento nutricional dos alimentos, entre outros, desenvolvendo assim uma agricultura sustentável, visando qualidade de vida e bem-estar da sociedade e preservando o meio ambiente. Porém, essas práticas também apresentam reflexos negativos, que necessitam de cautela e remediação para tornar uma técnica mais promissora e aproveitável.
 
Palavras-chave: Revolução Verde. Modernização Agrícola. Engenharia Genética, Meio Ambiente.
 
Abstract
With the agriculture modernization, several damages were caused by the excessive use of agrochemicals and monoculture (cultivation of a single crop). The biotechnology in course of its evolutionary process has contributed in several aspects to remedy the negative reflexes caused throughout the years by agricultural evolution, using genetic engineering techniques. Thus, this study focused on analyzing the feasibility of biotechnology application in agriculture as well as its positive and negative effects in the environmental, economic and social spheres. The methodology was qualitative, with an exploratory objective, by means of a bibliographical review. The speed that agricultural modernization evolves is surprising, however, due to the high level of exploitation there is a worsening in environmental, social and economic issues that deserve highlighting and caution. Biotechnology uses new techniques with capabilities to assist in yield and quality in agriculture through genetically modified plants, biological control of agricultural pests, and nutritional food increase, among others, thus developing a sustainable agriculture, aiming at the society quality of life and welfare and preserving the environment. However, this practice also presents negative reflexes that need caution and remediation to make a more promising and usable technique.
 
Keywords: Green Revolution,. Agricultural Modernization. Genetic Engineering.
Characterization of Spatiotemporal Variations in Mert Stream Water Quality by Phytoplankton Community and Biological Indices
Authors: MARAŞLIOĞLU Faruk , BEKTAŞ Serdar
Published: August 2022

In order to determine the water quality of the Mert Stream, algal indicators and some biological indices (TDI, IDG, PTI, Palmer, DAIpo) based on phytoplankton species were used. Phytoplankton samples were performed monthly from six different sites at a depth of 0.5 meter using a one-litre water sampler between July 2011 and June 2012. After phytoplankton samples were placed in 250-mL dark bottles and fixed with Lugol’s solution until processed in the laboratory, they were identified and counted in the tubular plankton counting chambers using an inverted microscope according to Utermöhl method. Bacillariophyta members became the dominant division in the phytoplankton with an abundance rate of 83.3% and 71 taxa. Lindavia glomerata, Navicula cryptocephala, Cyclotella planctonica, and Navicula veneta were determined as the most dominant species among phytoplanktonic taxa of Mert Stream. Trophic diatom index (TDI) and Generic diatom index (IDG) based on planktonic diatoms were used to determine the trophic status of the Mert Stream. Pollution tolerance index (PTI), Diatom assemblage index (DAIPo) and Palmer index were also included to assess the organic load-based sabrobity level of the Mert Stream. According to the results of mean TDI and IDG (55 and 13, respectively), the trophic status of the Mert Stream is a mesotrophic structure with moderate nutrients and good water transparency. According to the average PTI result (2.7), Mert Stream is in the β-mesosaprobic class, which corresponds to moderate pollution. Considering DAIpo indice, the saprobity of Mert stream is α-oligosaprobic level and the stream is not exposed to a serious organic-based pollution. However, according to the Palmer index, all stations of the Mert Stream except the 6th station are under the threat of high organic pollution. In present study, it was seen that the best biological index that reflects the station-based trophic structure of the stream is IDG, and the best biological index that reflects the station-based organic pollution of the stream is PTI.
LINKAGES BETWEEN STOCK PRICE AND SELECTED ECONOMIC VARIABLES IN TURKEY: EVIDENCE FROM COINTEGRATION IN STAR
Authors: RAHMANI Elaheh , GÜRİŞ Burak
Published: August 2022

After globalization, all the markets in the world are known as competitive fields, and accordingly, economic interactions emerge more strongly. Similarly, national and international economic variables can affect the Istanbul stock market. This study analyses the relationship between stock price and some selected economic variables using cointegration in STAR, Maki (2010), and KSS (2006) in Turkey from January 2000 to June 2019. Because of the difference between the results of the Maki (2010) and KSS (2006) test, it has been tried to find the model that has less constraint, and then this model has been used to analyze these relationships. Our findings support the long-run relationship between stock price and other economic variables with STAR adjustment. Findings also show that adjusting the relationship between stock price, gold price, and exchange rate take much time, while adjusting the relationship between stock price, interest rate, and inflation does not take much time. Moreover, there is a long-run causality between stock price and other variables except for interest rate. Estimating the adjustment speed of the relationship can be helpful for portfolio management and also financial risk management.
Genetic mechanisms of primary lung emphysema
Authors: Amirova T. O.
Published: August 2022

A personalized approach to the treatment of a polygenic disease, such as pulmonary emphysema, provides unique opportunities for selection of effective treatment in each clinical case. Progress of understanding molecular mechanisms behind emphysema allows to take a new look at classification, causes of phenotype variability, prognosis and preventive measures before clinical manifestation.

The aim of this review was to bring together the available data of genetic mutations impact to lung emphysema, its endotypes characteristics, and determine the personalized treatment approaches.

Results. The attention of clinicians in the diagnosis of essential emphysema is focused on measurement the level of α1-antitrypsin in serum and mutations of SERPINA1 gene in exons 3, 4, 5 and 6. This is important, though not complete information about the causes and disease prognosis. This routine approach do not take into account the influence of genes-modifiers and gene-gene interactions. At the same time, intact SERPINA1 does not guarantee a zero risk of primary emphysema. To date, a wide range of genetic defects has been identified. These defects are capable, to a varying degree, to cause the disease, determine its clinical manifestations, severity and frequency of exacerbations.

Conclusion. Wholeexome sequencing with the identification of affected metabolic pathways makes it possible to see a complete molecular portrait of emphysema, determine the endotype and select targeted therapy for each clinical case.
Whatsapp based visual impression versus actual impression in patients of common skin disorders: A cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Pande Sushil , Meshram Kirtee , Andhorikar Nilesh , Borkar Milind
Published: August 2022

: Nowadays with increasing use of social media platforms for each and everything, there is an increasing trend for use of whatsapp based consultation for many diseases. But what’s app base impression has many limitations and may result in error in diagnosis.

: To compare Whatsapp based visual impression versus actual impression in patients of common skin disorders.

: In this cross-sectional comparative study held at Department of Dermatology of tertiary care hospital and referral centre in central India, 316 patients of common skin disorders attending Dermatology department were enrolled. Photographs of skin lesions in a patient suffering from skin disorders in pre-determined categories were taken and sent to by 2 independent expert dermatologists by Whatsapp and their impression was recorded. Later same patients were independently evaluated by same investigators by actual clinical examination. It was studied whether both evaluations were matched or not.

: At the end of study overall, 69% patients’ photographic and clinical impression was matched. Among different groups of disorders, like fungal, bacterial, viral, pigmentary groups, average diagnosis matched in 51% to 80% cases. Highest percentage of diagnosis matched in pigmentary type of disorders at 80% and lowest percentage of diagnosis matched was 51% for papulosquamous disorders.

: Whatsapp consultation is frequently sought by patients suffering from various dermatological problems but it’s not accurate and not 100 % reliable. So clinical evaluation always has an upper hand over an impression made over a photo.
Study of serum high sensitivity C - reactive protein, adipokines, HbA1c, and fasting blood glucose level in patients of diabetes mellitus type II with periodontal disease
Authors: Lahariya Shiv Narayan , Sarkar Purnima Dey , Verma Vandana , Bhatt Ajay
Published: August 2022

: Diabetes is a systemic disease with several complications affecting both the length and quality of life. One of these complications is periodontal disease (periodontitis). The periodontal diseases are considered as the “sixth complication of diabetes mellitus”. The results of this study indicate the presence of a significant relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus.

A total of 155 periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus and 137 periodontitis patients without diabetes mellitus were selected for the study. Hs-CRP (High sensitivity C – Reactive Protein), Adipokines, HbA1c, and Fasting Blood sugar levels were compared with 160 healthy non-diabetics; non-periodontitis (control) subjects.

FBS (Fasting Blood sugar) & HbA1c were done by semi auto-analyzer diagnostic kit and Adipokines by ELISA method (Kit method) and Hs-CRP (High sensitivity C - Reactive Protein) was estimated by Immunoturbidimetric method. For this study newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic and periodontitis patients were selected.

: FBS and HbA1c in both study groups were higher than that in control group. Statistical analysis showed that periodontitis with at least one tooth that displayed a probing pocket depth of > or = 6mm was significantly associated with higher blood sugar (P=0.005) and positive correlations are found between mean periodontal disease and HbA1c (P = 0.009). Adipokines, HbA1c, Hs-CRP (High sensitivity C - Reactive Protein), and periodontal parameters have significant role in periodontitis with diabetes mellitus.

The link between periodontal disease and type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been suggested through a number of clinical and epidemiological studies. Many studies have shown that the prevalence and severity of periodontitis is increased in the presence of diabetes mellitus. Thus, diabetes is considered to be a risk factor for gingivitis and periodontitis.
Spirometric surveillance of obstructive lung diseases
Authors: Peter Lavanya S
Published: August 2022

Obstructive Lung Disease (OLD) becomes global health issues that influencing the physical health and economic conditions of people. Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) is the disease of airways characterized by obstruction and influencing the structure of the lungs. It includes chronic bronchitis, COPD, emphysema and asthma. The most common disease is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The major causes of COPD involve exposure to an irritant that damage the lungs and airways that can cause such disease.

1):Assess the prevalence of OLD among the patients admitted to general medical wards using spirometry; 2): Use a symptom questionnaire for screening patients with OLD and compare it with Spirometry; 3): Association of various medical co-morbidities with the diagnosis of OLD.

The screening for OLDs and factors that are influencing it along with co morbidities were analyzed. This is a descriptive study conducted on patients admitted to general medical wards in hospital of South India for a period of 2 years. The study has involved the patients who are admitted in general wards and aged > 40 years.

The physician diagnosis of OLD at admission was in 21 out of 144 patients. It was by symptom alone in 11% (16 of 144 patients) and based on spirometry in 3.48% (5 of 144) only. During the hospitalization the diagnosis of OLD increased by 2.08% (3 of 144) on the basis of symptom alone and 1.4% (2 of 144) by spirometry, cumulatively by 3.48% (5 of 144). Therefore, at admission about 14.48% were diagnosed to have OLD. An ROC curve was plotted and the area under the curve was 0.77 95% CI (0.688 — 0.865). By ROC coordinates a cut off of 15.5 for detecting OLDs showed a sensitivity and specificity of 71% and 78% respectively with a positive predictive value of 56% and negative predictive value of 87%.

With the additional yield of Spirometry and association of medical comorbidities can help identify the conditions of patients earlier and pave way for offering appropriate holistic treatment.
Postoperative pulmonary complications following head and neck oncosurgery - Case control study
Authors: Nallusamy Selvaraj , Surya P Sakthi , G Balamurugan
Published: August 2022

Head and neck cancers (HNC) constitute about one-third of all cancers in India. A combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy is used to manage them. There is a high incidence of PPCs following head and neck surgeries. The probable mechanisms behind it are alteration in swallowing mechanisms and impairment in protective factors of the laryngeal apparatus.

To study the association between the clinicodemographic and perioperative parameters and the occurrence of PPCs following head and neck oncosurgery.

This case-control study was conducted in150 patients after head and neck oncosurgery. 50 patients as cases with complications and 100 patients as control with no complications were included in the study after getting informed consent and results were statistically analyzed and discussed. A pre-tested semi-structured case study form was used to collect patient information.

Mean ages among cases and controls were 58.76 ± 10.40 and 56.10 ± 12.61. Weight loss was present in 26% of patients and 8% of controls. Malignancy of the tongue was the most common among both patients and controls, constituting 22% and 25%, respectively, followed by mouth and larynx. Preoperative albumin levels, presence of ARI within one month of surgery and lack of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation had a significant association with the development of PPCs.

From this study, we concluded correction of the modifiable preoperative risk factors might prove beneficial in reducing the incidence of PPCs.
Evaluation of interleukin-6 and C - reactive protein as a inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetic subjects in Indian population of Bhopal
Authors: Dubey Akanksha , Hisalkar Prashant J , Patne Anupama
Published: August 2022

India leads the world with the largest number of Diabetic subjects, hence can be called as Diabetic Capital of World. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from insulin insufficiency or function. The researches in past decade have revealed a critical link between metabolic disorders and inflammation which leads to a concept called metaflammation. The linkage of inflammation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been extensively investigated for over a decade. The main objective of the study is to assess inflammatory markers in T2DM subjects by measuring cytokines and acute phase proteins and its comparison with healthy controls.

Total 100 subjects were studied which were divided into two groups of 100 of Diabetic cases and 100 Healthy controls after defining proper inclusion and exclusion criteria. Gender wise distribution was also done. FPG, 2H-PG, HbA1C and CRP were estimated on fully automated analyzers while IL-6 was estimated by ELISA.

The result had shown that cases have significantly elevated IL-6 and CRP when compared to age and sex matched healthy controls with p<0.0001. FPG, 2H-PG and HbA1c was also significantly elevated in cases as compared to healthy subjects. We had also compared inflammatory and glycemic markers on the basis of gender.

We can conclude that in developing countries like India estimation of inflammatory markers along with glycemic markers can predict secondary complications of disease.
Medical student’s attitude towards serving rural areas: A cross sectional study in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Sahu Priyanka Chintaram , I F Inamdar , Sahu Ajaykumar Chintaram
Published: August 2022

Rural population of India is grossly underserved by healthcare professionals. Gap exits between health services for urban and rural communities.

1) To determine the attitude of medical students towards serving rural areas and factors affecting it. 2) To explore reasons behind willingness and unwillingness to work in rural areas.

It was a cross-sectional study conducted in medical colleges.

Among three medical colleges in city, two medical colleges were selected by simple random sampling using lottery method. All 450 undergraduate medical students in both selected medical colleges were included into the study.

Binary logistic regression analysisOdds ratio,Chi-square test and percentages were used to analyse the data.

35.82% medical students were interested in working at rural areas. Age, parental education, place of residence, type of college and year of undergraduation of medical students had significant association with their preference towards rural practice. Social service was commonest reason students being interested in working rural area while scarcity of health facilities was major cause for negative attitude towards rural practice.

Majority of medical students were not in favour of working in rural areas. Urban rural disparity was more obvious among Allopathy students. There is need to focus on working environment at rural areas as lack of amenities in the rural areas was a common reason behind unwillingness of students towards rural practice.
Role of diagnostic laparoscopy in chronic pelvic pain in females: A study from tertiary care centre in Patna, Bihar
Authors: Singh Kalpana , Pankaj Deepak , Kumar Nitesh , Muni Sweta , Bhushan Vibhuti , Kumar Bipin , Nirupam  , Kumar Santosh
Published: August 2022

Chronic pelvic pain in females is one of the most bemusing problems that are faced by doctors in day to day practice as physical signs are nonspecific. Laparoscopy is one of the worthy tools in cases of chronic pelvic pain as not only it establishes the diagnosis but often treatment can be instituted in the same sitting. The present study aimed to evaluate whether diagnostic value of laparoscopy is worth in cases with chronic pelvic pain in females.

This study was done in the department of General Surgery and Reproductive Medicine at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical sciences, Patna, Bihar from July 2019 to March 2021. Seventy five female patients were included in this study. The analysis and interpretation of the data were performed using Microsoft excel. The quantitative data obtained were expressed as percentage in tabular form.

: The studied patients were in the age group ranging from 15 – 65 years. Most patients 40 % (n=30) complaint of pain in right lower quadrant of abdomen. The most common finding during diagnostic laparoscopy was found to be tubercular pathology (22.67%) followed by pelvic adhesions (18.67%). Other diagnoses were pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis, cysts etc.

Diagnostic Laparoscopy is a safe and effective tool to establish the aetiology of chronic pelvic pain and allows for appropriate interventions. It can serve as a time saving and cost effective implement for these patients with uncertain diagnosis.
Efecto de la suplementación con selenio y zinc en las concentraciones de IL-6, IL-8 y TNF-α en pacientes pediátricos con fibrosis quística
Authors: Camacho Castilo Luz Del Carmen , Medina Torres Edgar Alejandro , Pinzón Navarro Beatriz Adriana , Román Casas Mariana , González Dorasco Brenda Monserrat , Aguilar Rodríguez Efrén , Alva Chaire Adriana Del Carmen , Cuevas Schacht Francisco Javier , Carvajal Aguilera Karla Guadalupe
Published: August 2022

ANTECEDENTES: El zinc y el selenio son dos micronutrientes cuya concentración disminuye en algunos de los pacientes con fibrosis quística; ambos minerales participan en la regulación de las citocinas proinflamatorias IL-6, IL-8 y TNF-α.OBJETIVO: Determinar el efecto de la suplementación con zinc y selenio en la concentración plasmática de IL-6, IL-8 y TNF-α en pacientes pediátricos con fibrosis quística.MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio piloto, comparativo, longitudinal, experimental, prospectivo, no controlado y no aleatorizado efectuado de octubre de 2015 a octubre de 2016. Se incluyeron pacientes con fibrosis quística de 6 a 18 años, con insuficiencia pancreática exocrina y soporte nutricional durante más de 6 meses. Se suministraron 30 mg al día de zinc y 200 mcg al día de selenico durante 12 meses. Se determinaron, por ELISA, las concentraciones plasmáticas de IL-6, IL-8 y TNF-α basal, 6 y 12 meses de suplementación.RESULTADOS: Las concentraciones promedio de IL-6 basales, a los 6 y 12 meses de suplementación fueron: 13.1 pg/mL, 15.3 pg/mL y 11.5 pg/mL, respectivamente; para IL-8 38.7 pg/mL, 41.1 pg/mL, 41.7 pg/mL, para TNF-α 16.0 pg/mL, 18.8 pg/mL y 16.1 pg/mL.CONCLUSIONES: La suplementación oral con zinc y selenio a dosis terapéuticas podría tener efectos benéficos en el estado inflamatorio mediado por interleucinas en pacientes pediátricos con fibrosis quística. Es necesario evaluar a mayor cantidad de pacientes.