bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis on Customers Expecting Value Model - Based on the Empirical Study of Fashion Luxury Products
Authors: Zheng Zhe , Huang Ming Lang , Chen Yan
Published: September 2013

This paper analyzed the concepts and the relationship between consumers personal values (PVS), customers expecting value (CEV) and buying behavior (BB) and then constructed a triangle model on the three. Targeting at consumers of fashion luxury products as example, the paper designed scales and made questionnaire research. After factor analysis, KMO and Cronbach'α test, it then testified the fitness of the model by using structural equation modelling (SEM) and came to the conclusion that the factors that influenced consumers BB can be explained more exactly and precisely by introducing CEV between PVS and BB. It provides new perspective for the research of buying behavior and also theoretical reference for enterprises competition strategies.
Evaluation on Size-Illusion of Clothing Color Based on Behavioural Measure
Authors: Bian Xiao Pei , Jiang Xiao Feng , Liu Yu Qing
Published: September 2013

Size-illusion of color can affect wearing performance. In the current study, three styles of clothing and a rectangular piece whose area was similar to those of the clothing with various colors were evaluated in behavioral experiments. The purpose of the study is to explore the influence of saturation, brightness and hue of colors on size-illusion. Results show that size-illusion is most outstanding on the dimension of brightness, and it is more prominent on clothes than on color pieces. The picture with high saturation is bigger than that of low saturation, with high brightness or with longer wavelength displays an expansion effect. The size-illusion may be related with the background color.
The Analysis of Arrangement Sense about Yarn-Dyed Geometric Pattern Design
Authors: Shi Jian Ping
Published: September 2013

Arrangement sense is a sense based on humans visual and psychological balance, and organized designed works can bring it about. This kind of balance is one of the most basic manifestations of arrangement sense. And the arrangement sense about yarn-dyed geometric pattern design reflects peoples tendency to show their technique and extensive application of skills. Properly organized geometric pattern applications enrich the contents of fabrics and diverse the shapes of products. Peoples imagination in design is largely expanded ,which is of great help for the work of pattern designers.
Research on Generation Rules of Chest Width Point Curve Based on 3D Female Mannequin
Authors: Jin Rong , Gu Bing Fei , Liu Guo Lian
Published: September 2013

In this paper 110 female undergraduates in Soochow University are measured by using 3D non-contact measurement system and manual measurement. 3D point cloud data of human body is taken as research objects by using anti-engineering software, and secondary development of point cloud data is done on the basis of optimizing point cloud data. In accordance with the definition of the human chest width points and other feature points, and in the operability of the three-dimensional point cloud data, the width, thickness, and length dimensions of the curve through the chest width point are measured. Classification of body type is done by choosing the ratio values as classification index which is the ratio between thickness and width of the curve. The generation rules of the chest curve are determined for each type by using linear regression method. Human arm model could be established by the computer automatically. Thereby the individual model of the female upper body mannequin modeling can be improved effectively.
Traditional Costume Culture of She Ethnic Group from Ecological Perspective
Authors: Yan Jing , Chen Liang Yu , Fan Xue Rong
Published: September 2013

She's traditional costumes are both tangible and intangible cultural heritage, which do not only have a high aesthetic value, but also embody She's enduring beliefs and characters. However, with the economic development, social progress, especially technology updates and promotion of the traffic and media, the protective barrier of She's original cultural environment formed naturally by the geographical environment in the past have gradually disappeared. She's traditional culture, including costume culture, is rapidly weakening and lost. Based on the fieldwork of She ethnic minority areas in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi Provinces of the East China, as well as the costumes and their cultural background information, this article analyzes three aspects of She's ecological concepts shown in costumes, as "Harmony between Man and Nature" - the Understanding of Environment, "Make the best use of things" - the understanding of the finiteness of natural resources, and ¡°Survival of the Fittest¡± - the Relationship between Ecosystem and Costume. She's costumes reflect a natural living environment, as well as a mode of the production and technical status of the She people. At the meantime, they reflect the national consciousness, the religious conceptions, the social attitudes, and aesthetic tendencies state of the She people, which embody the mutual relations and interactions of natural ecosystems and human cultural ecosystem.
Up-Cycling Trend Analysis in Fashion Industries
Authors: Kim Yong Sook
Published: September 2013

Consumers around the world became aware that "the environmenta and climate chang" is one of the most important social issues through experiencing rapid climate shift. Consuming patterns have changed according to heightening of interest in the environment and over a quarter of consumers showed their purchasing preference for eco-friendly products even though they are more expensive. Consumers' eco-friend propensity has affected retailers and manufacturers. The purposes of this study were to identify the concept of fashion up-cycling and to analyze up-cycling fashion brands. The definition of up-cycling in fashion industries is to manufacture highly susceptible and high-valued fashion products with creative idea or design inspiration by using second hand resources. There are similar terms such as trashion(trash + fashion), redesign, and remanufacturing. Techniques for fashion up-cycling drawn from case analysis of fashion companies were redesigning old fashioned clothing in their storehouses, redesigning small pieces of textiles from sewing companies, and redesigning second hand clothing with creative ideas or inspiration.
The Evaluation of Dynamic Clothing Pressure
Authors: Chen Zhi Ge , Ye Jing
Published: September 2013

With the improvement of living standards, people are increasingly more demands on the dress. Study on the clothing comfort more and more. Clothing pressure comfort is an important aspect of clothing comfort. Dynamic clothing pressure is the interaction between human body and clothing. It is related to clothing styles, fabrics property, clothing structure, body motions, etc. The clothing pressure on different position of body was measured when arms were raised to different position. The pressures on the back, shoulder, arms, waist were discussed in this paper. The biggest pressure was on arms, and all interviewees could feel it.
Study on the Suzhou Embroidery and Innovative Design of Modern Silk Scarf
Authors: Xin Wang
Published: September 2013

Silk scarf, which is an important accessory for a woman, is far behind in the design level compared with the garment nowadays. The indisputable fact is that the consumer group of scarf is gradually reducing, and the most style of current silk scarf can not cohere with womens modern dress anymore. This paper discusses the innovative design of silk scarf on subjects, art form etc. by using traditional element of Suzhou embroidery. By this way, modern silk scarf can cater to consumers demand and play an important role in fashion.
Standard System Analysis on Protective Clothing Against Heat and Flame
Authors: Yao Gui Fen , Liu Hai Wen , Yin Jian Hua
Published: September 2013

Firefighter's protective clothing provide protection for the firefighter's torso, neck, arms, and legs, but excluding the head, hands. The performance index for textile burning behaviour include afterflame time, afterglow time, damaged length, damaged area, dimensional stability to heat, ignition time and so on. The purpose of Standard is to provide minimum performance requirements for protective clothing for firefighters, whilst fighting fires. Within national standard GB 8965.1-2009 protective clothing, flame-retardant protection, part 1: flame-retardant protective clothing, the performance requirement are divided into three grade: A grade, B grade, C grade. The performance requirements C grade is the lower level, A grade, the higher level. The level of personal protection chosen should be based on the outcome of a risk assessment. Within national standard GB/T 17591-2006 flame retardant fabrics, assessment criteria are divided into two grade: B1 grade and B2 grade. The performance requirements B2 grade is the lower level, B1 grade, the higher level. Within standard GA 634-2006 protective clothing for proximity fire fighting and GB/T 5444-1997 textiles-burning behaviour-vertical method, the performance requirement are not classification. In different standard, the test parameters, such as the specimen dimension, specimen quantity and the flame height, are different. In order to establish suitable standard system, some effective standard should be revised. The standard system should cover the general clothing design, the minimum performance levels of the materials used, and the methods of test to be used to determine these performance levels. For adequate overall protection against the risks to which firefighters are likely to be exposed, additional personal protective equipment to protect the head, face, hands and feet should also be worn, along with appropriate respiratory protection where necessary.
Evaluation of Functional Underwear for Firefighter Clothing by Total Heat Loss
Authors: Wakatsuki Kaoru , Tsuji Hajime , Kato Takehiro , Ogawa Yoshio
Published: September 2013

Synthetic textile such as polyester and poly-urethane has been used for underwear in terms of moisture release and function in underwear. However, the synthetic underwear has high risk for skin burns due to melting and shrinking by heat. Thermal protection and comfort in fire fighter protective clothing is always trading off, but fire fighters tend to use the synthetic underwear to feel comfort and function during firefighting operation without understanding of the risk for skin burns by the textile. Objective of this study is to investigate if the synthetic underwear plays a significant role in moisture and metabolic heat transfer within the fire fighter clothing by total heat loss measurement.
Measurement of the total heat loss has been conducted by the ASTM F-1868 instrument (Kato-Tech, Co. Ltd., Japan). Three type of fire fighter clothing, one station wear, and five types of underwear have been used for the test. Test has been conducted for each clothing and combination of clothing.
The results shows that range of total heat loss is 322.3 W/m2 to 385.3 W/m2, 857.9 W/m2, 782.3 W/m2 to 897.3 W/m2 for three fire fighter clothing, one station wear and five underwear, respectively. However, when the fabrics of fire fighter clothing, station wear and underwear were piled up, the range of total heat loss decreased to 242.1 W/m2 to 304.4 W/m2. The data indicates that the fire fighter's multi-layer fabric controls the heat and moisture transfer within fire fighter clothing and no positive contribution by any types of underwear.
Study on the Wearability Performances of High Temperature Protective Overalls in Present Market
Authors: Liu Shuai , Wu Dong Yan , Bai Xiu E
Published: September 2013

High-temperature protective clothing is one kind of the most widely used protective clothing. This research regarded the thermal protective clothes for labors work in high-temperature metallurgical steel iron workshop as the study object. In the form of questionnaires, according to the actual high temperature working environment, we extracted the necessary wear performances for thermal protective clothing as factors on the questionnaire survey. Then we issued survey questionnaires to labors work in different workshop in a major metallurgical steel iron industry. By analyzing the statistical information with SPSS, we discussed the subjective performances of the overalls mainly from the protective performance and comfortable performance. The results indicated that the pure cotton overalls, which were used for the investigated metallurgical steel iron enterprise, fall short of the satisfaction requirements in all aspects, for example, thermal insulation, flame retardant, moisture vapor transmission, abrasion resistance and strength. As a result, the study could point out the drawbacks of the high-temperature overalls for ironworkers used in present. This research could have a certain guiding significance in the development and improvement on performances of high-temperature protective overalls. To sum up, this paper could provide scientific basis for future researches to improve the functionalities and wearabilities of the high-temperature protective overall for the ironworkers.
Numerical Simulation the Airflow Field in the Flame Retardant Cloth Ducts
Authors: Xing Xia Qiong , Zhao Xin Fei , Qin Zhang , Zhou Xiao Hong
Published: September 2013

Fiber air dispersion system (FADS) is a new flexible ventilation terminal in ventilated areas. It can be used in both air transmission and air diffusion. The cloth duct made of flame retardant polyester is critical. The conditioned air can be dispersed to environment by not only micro pores in the fabric but also slot and orifice on the fabric. The micro-pores in the fabric exist in the yarns and fibers. The laser can be used to cut the slot and orifice on the fabric. They can be designed based on the application. In this paper, air dispersion models and basic characteristics of fiber air dispersion system were introduced. Based on computational fluid mechanics theory, the flame retardant cloth ducts (FRCD) is regard as an isotropic porous media. The air dispersion physical model for micro porous that sends the air to the environment was established. And the Carman-kozeny equation was used in this model, which was described the airflow field in the FRCD. Finally the airflow field in the FRCD was numerically simulated with the FLUENT software based on the finite element method. The air flow resistance of the fabrics was calculated by the Darcy model.
The Influence of Cushion Material on the Pressure Distribution Based on the Young Female Sitting Posture
Authors: Bai Shi Qi , Fan Hong Qing , Zhou Xiao Hong
Published: September 2013

It is well known that there is the pressure between the human body and the clothing, seat and mattress etc. The pressure on the human body may be too much and irrational distribution. It will result in some physiological problems such as blood circulation obstacle, carotid sinus syndrome, muscular soreness, vertebra shift, and et al. It is important for improving the pressure distribution of buttocks to develop the cushion. In this paper, the BIOFORCEN pressure distribution test system was used to measure the cushion pressure distribution. The young females of 21-26 years old were seated on the cushion by the two sitting postures. The one has a supporting point in the buttocks and the other has two supporting points in the buttocks and back. A series of parameters and index were extracted from the experimental data. The cushion material on the pressure distribution was also discussed in this paper.
Fabrication and Characterization of Alginate Fibers by Wet-Spinning
Authors: Xu Guo Kai , Liu Lin , Yao Ju Ming
Published: September 2013

Alginate fibers were prepared by extruding a concentrated sodium alginate solution into calcium chloride coagulation bath. The rheological behavior of different concentrations of sodium alginate solutions were investigated to evaluate the spinnability. The effect of dope concentration on the morphologies and mechanical properties of resulting alginate fibers were examined. The results showed that sodium alginate solutions were pseudoplastic fluid and had good spinnability with concentration ranging in 1.5%-3.5%. Moreover, the morphology of obtained fibers became smoother with increasing sodium alginate concentrations. When the sodium alginate concentration was 3.5%, the tensile strength and elongation at break of alginate fibers reach to 13.6±1.2 cN/tex and 8±0.5%, respectively.
Based on the McKinsey Matrix of Tianjin Industrial Low Carbon Development Research
Authors: Yang Yu Hong , Bao Jing Ling , Wen Juan , Li Ran , Chang Wen Tao
Published: September 2013

Promotion of low carbon industry development, reduction of industrial carbon emissions intensity and construction of low carbon characterized industry system are the most important to achieve low carbon development. Based on the research situation of industrial energy consumption and carbon emissions in Tianjin, this paper selects the priority to the development and optimization of the development of key industries through McKinsey Matrix. Combined with industry development of present situation, in view of low carbon development of industries of priority development and industries of optimized development, suggestions for industrial low carbon development are put forward.
Modeling and Simulation of Degradation for Biodegradable Polymer Based on Cellular Automata (CA)
Authors: Zhang Tao Hong , Xu Shou Gang , Xin Rui Wu , Zhang De Zheng , Wulamu Aziguli
Published: September 2013

In this article a model based on cellular automata (CA) is proposed to simulate the degradation for biodegradable polymer. The transformational rule of this model is constructed based on the hydrolysis reaction, oligomer diffusion equations and the relationship between intensity and number average molecular weight of the polymer. Furthermore, polymer DLPLA plate corresponding to this CA model was carried out. The simulation shows the middle hollow result which is accordance with the experiment phenomenon. The molecular in the degradation process has good fit with the experiment data. It proves that the model in this article is right and can provide numerical lead for the designs of biodegradable polymer devices.
Study on the Characterization of Cross-Linked Cassava Starch Prepared by Microwave Radiation
Authors: Zhang Ke Xi , Zheng Zhu , Zhang Xiao Feng , Wang Xiao Hong
Published: September 2013

In this article,cassava starch was cross-linked by crosslinking agent sodium tripolyphosphate in the microwave oven. The effect of microwave time on the cross-linking degree and morphology of cross-linked starch were investigated. The results show that with the increase of microwave processing time, the degree of crosslinking of starch increases.Phosphate ester group is formed on the starch molecular chains and the structure of cross-linked starch becomes amorphous by microwave irradiation .
On the Determination of Content of 10 - DABIII in Enshi’s Taxus Chinensis Var Mairei
Authors: Wu Hai Yan , Liu Xin Ping
Published: September 2013

Chemical semi-syntheticmethod for efficient low toxicity of paclitaxelanalogues is the hot issue quite a longtime in the present and the future of chemical, biological medicine and relatedinterdisciplinary researches. 10-DABIII is the main precursor semi-syntheticraw materials. Taking Enshi’s perennial natural taxus chinensis and taxuschinensis leaves of artificial cultivation as raw material to study the effectof different drying methods and extraction methods on the contents of 10-DABIII.Experimental results show that the 10-DABIII in the natural taxus chinensis ishigher than that of artificially cultivated taxus chinensis; different dryingmethods affect the amount of 10-DABIII, that is, by contrast, drying processingmethod in 50°Clow temperature is superior to drying in the shade of the nature, and microwaveextraction is more efficient than conventional solvent one. Knowing the contentof 10-DABIII in Enshi’s taxus chinensis can provide the necessary experimentaldata for rational utilization of taxus chinensis medicinal material resources, topromote Enshi’s local economic development.
Etherifying Modification of Xylan-Type Hemicellulose and its Characterization
Authors: Li Hai Ming , Chen Xiao Hong , Zhou Jing Hui , Han Ying , Sun Guang Wei
Published: September 2013

The reaction of the xylan-type hemicellulose with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and acrylamide in ethanol-water-alkali slurry yielded water-soluble, cationic etherified xylan-type hemicellulose derivatives. The degree of substitution (DS) value reaches up to 0.40 by adjusting the mass ratios (NaOH/hemicellulose, total etherifying agents/hemicellulose and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride/acrylamide), the reaction temperature and the reaction time in a one-step synthesis. The etherified hemicellulose was characterized by infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR), Zeta potential analysis, charge density analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It is found that Zeta potential is promoted from-30.50mv to +35.81mv and charge density is promoted from-0.50mmol/g to +0.88mmol/g during etherification under the conditions used. The thermal stability of the etherified hemicellulose is lower than that of the unmodified xylan-type hemicellulose polymers.
Research of Thermo-Regulating Fibers Based on the Crosslinked Composite Phase Change Materials of PEGA
Authors: Zhang Hong , Fang Yan Ping , Guo Ping , Wang Qian Qian , Guo Jing , Gong Yu Mei
Published: September 2013

The novel form-stable composite phase change materials (PCMs) of crosslinked PEGA and P(PEGA-HAM)/PEG gels were synthesized, which based on PEGA . Using crosslinked PEGA and P(PEGA-HAM)/PEG gels as the working substance , PP/PCM thermo-regulating fibers were prepared by blends via melt spinning respectively. TGA results indicate that the crosslinked form-stable PCMs have good thermal stability. The morphology of the surface of PP/PCM thermo-regulating fibers smooth mainly by SEM. The breaking strength of thermo-regulating fibers first increases and then decreases when increased some content of PCM. DSC results indicate the phase enthalpy of PEGA crosslinked gel and its the blend fibers with PP are 122.97J/g and 13.83J/g, while that of P(PEGA-HAM)/PEG crosslinked networks gel and its the blend fibers with PP are 107.48J/g and 4.62J/g respectively.
Study on Advanced Pretreatment of Seawater by Electrolysis and Neutralization of Acidic Waste Water with By-Product Magnesium Hydroxide
Authors: Nie Jing , Yi Shou Zhi , Miao Di
Published: September 2013

The advanced pretreatment by electrolysis of Bohai seawater in Tianjin used a diaphragm electrolyzer in the experiment. Removal efficiency and influence factors of the method were analyzed. Results show that turbidity, organic compounds, SDI and chroma of seawater were effectively decreased by electrolysis. Removal efficiency was significantly increased by current density, operation time and inter-electrode distance, and the optimum electrolytic conditions was determined as inter-electrode distance of 2 cm, current density of 15.87 mA·cm-2, operation time of 10 minutes. It was investigated that when the water quality after electrolysis was of pH 8.6, the chroma and turbidity decreasing trend slowed down, with chroma of 0.052 A, removal rate reached 88.4%; the residual turbidity reduced to 2.52 NTU, removal rate reached 90.71%. A PH of about 8.5, CODCr decreasing trend slowed down, and when CODCr < 750 mg/L, it conformed to the requirements of the reverse osmosis water. With the study on neutralization of steel pickling waste liquor by the by-product of magnesium hydroxide, it is found that the quality of treated water reached 3rd level national emissions standards (300-1000 mg/L). Magnesium hydroxide slurry of Cr (VI) removal rate reached 100%, conforming to the 1st level national industrial wastewater discharge standards (< 0.5 mg/L).
Study on Fluoride, Iron and Manganese Removal from Aqueous Solutions by a Novel Composite Adsorbent
Authors: Zhu Chi , Wang Shui , Hu Kai Ming , Wang Wei Xia , Cai An Juan , Chang Wen Jie , Li Bing
Published: September 2013

Batch test had been carried out to determine the potential and the effectiveness of the novel composite adsorbent in removal of fluoride, iron and manganese from aqueous solution. It was found that the composite adsorbent could effectively not only remove Fe (II) and Mn (II) also fluoride from water, the maximum adsorption capacities for F-, Fe (II) and Mn (II) were 4.09mg·g-1 4.00mg·g-1 and 3.50mg·g-1 respectively. Kinetics data obtained for the adsorption process fitted the Lagergren First-order equation. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to fit the experimental data derived from F- (R2= 0.9992), Fe (II) (R2=0.9858) and Mn (II) (R2=0.9876) removal. Both Fe (II) and Mn (II) removal increased with increase in solution pH, but F- removal remained relatively stable in pH 4.0~9.0. The process of adsorption of F-, Fe (II) and Mn (II) from aqueous solutions by the composite adsorbent was an endothermic process. The above results indicated the composite adsorbent can be possibly applied in F-, Fe (II) and Mn (II) removal from drinking water.
Photoprotection of Asian Human Hair Exposed to Sunlight Radiation
Authors: Chen Yuan , Li Qiong , Zhang Wan Ping , Cui Jian Jie , Wu Xiao Jian
Published: September 2013

Protection effects of milk thistle extract, benzophenone-3, and non-ionic silicon to hair fibers were compared by measuring protein degradation, tryptophan degradation, lipid peroxidation, tensile characteristics and color change of hair exposed to irradiation. Experiment results indicate that milk thistle extract is more marked in protection of protein, lipid, breaking work in hair due to its strong antioxidant ability, while benzophenone-3 is the most effective in tryptophan protection. Color protection was significantly observed in silicone and milk thistle extract treated samples. However, the synergy of milk extract with non-ionic silicone emulsion and benzophenone-3 with non-ionic silicone for protecting hair was not encouraged.
Incineration Experiment to Dispose as Hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L
Authors: Xie Xin Chun , Wang Hai Juan , Wang Hong Bin , Jiang Yong Li , Zheng Yu Lei
Published: September 2013

Incineration technology were studied in order to investigate the feasibility of incineration technology on disposal of the arsenic-containing hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L,The muffle furnace experiment examined the changes of arsenic in fresh and withered leaves of P. vittata L.There are different temperature such as 200 °C, 400 °C, 800 °C three temperature gradient in the incineration experiment,which research the quality and volatilization of arsenic under the different temperature . The results showed that the plant quality reduced accompanied by the volatilization of arsenic was raised with the increasing of temperature . P.vittata L had maximum mass loss and the least volatile of heavy metal after burning treatment at 400 °C . The result provides insight into developing harmless disposal or resource-reuse-oriented methods for disposal of the plants used for large scale phytoremediation application. Key words: Hyperaccumulator; Incineration; Pteris vittata L.; dispose
Effect of Acidolysis Process on Viscosity of Cassava Starch
Authors: Zhang Yan Ming , Wang Xiao Mei
Published: September 2013

The cassava starch was firstly hydrolyzed using hydrochloric acid as the catalyst below the pasting point of starch, and then dried in the oven in order to get acid-hydrolyzed cassava starch, which would be used for the next size mixing. Effects of reaction time, temperature, and hydrochloric acid concentration on sizing liquor viscosity of acidolysis cassava starch were studied. The results show that, the viscosity of the acidolysis cassava starch decreases with the extension of reaction time, and it sharply declines before 60mins; the viscosity decreases with the increase of reaction temperature, and the change of viscosity is large when the reaction temperature of 40 °C increases to 45 °C; the viscosity decreases with the increase of hydrochloric acid concentration.
Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Composites Reinforced with Magnesium Borate Whiskers
Authors: Li Lie , Nai Xue Ying , Qian Gui Min , Zhu Dong Hai , Li Wu
Published: September 2013

To improve the strength and toughness performance of PVC, the resin reinforced with magnesium borate whiskers (MBOW ) were prepared by mixing whiskers into liquid PVC at room temperature. The effects of borate coupling agent (SBW-III) and contents of MBOw (0~30wt%) on tensile of PVC and composites were studied. The compatibility, hydrophilicity and morphology of MBOw/PVC composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR), surface contact angle measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The results show that both the chemical bonding and physically adsorbed layers exist between MBOw and SBW-III. The surface of modified MBOw is hydrophobic which improves the binding force between PVC and treated MBOw, and the dispersibility of MBOw in PVC significantly. The tensile and the elastic modulus of the SBW-III-treated MBOw /PVC composites increase in comparison to that of the composites filled with untreated MBOw.
The Effect of Spacer Yarn Arrangement on Compression Behaviors of Novel Flexible Foam-Core Sandwich Composites
Authors: Chen Si , Long Hai Ru
Published: September 2013

In this study, a kind of novel flexible foam-core sandwich composite was involved. The flexible foam-core sandwich composites were fabricated based on 3D warp-knitted spacer fabrics. The foam-core was filled in the spacer fabric by using a kind of modified hydrophilic polyurethane foam. In order to investigate the effect of spacer yarn inclination angle on the compression behaviors. A compression test was carried out. The compression stress-strain curve was used to analyze the effect of 3D warp-knitted spacer fabric spacer yarn arrangement. According to the experiment results, it indicates that the spacer yarn arrangement could influence the anti-compression capacity of the sandwich composites obviously. Therefore, the spacer yarn arrangement of 3D warp-knitted spacer fabrics can be changed to meet specific end-use requirement for foam-core sandwich composites.
Reseach on Preparation of Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Materials and Characteristics of Industrial Sewage Containing-Heavy Metal Treatment
Authors: Liang Zhi , Wei Tong Jie , Wang Hu Kun , Liu Xi Kun , Hong Ming Long , Ma Jie
Published: September 2013

The process conditions of making composite particle adsorption material out of hydroxyapatite-chitosan, regeneration method, and how to use composite particle adsorption material to treat industrial sewage containing heavy metals are researched. Experiment consequence shows that when the mass ratio of chitosan to hydroxyapatite is 0.12:1, the concentration of acetic acid is 4%, and liquid-solid ratio is 0.6:1, the granular material will be produced with the best adsorption effect. The dosage of composite particle adsorption material is 0.025 g/mL, the adsorption time is 60 min, and the temperature is 25 °C , removal percentage of Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ is 99.25%, 75.16% and 79.33% respectively. The isothermal adsorption equation is CCd/Q = 1.323CCd+ 0.1338. Adsorption selective sequence is: Cd2+ > Zn2+ >Pb2+ . When we use 1 mol/L NaCl to regenerate composite particle adsorption material, it still can be employed to deal with sewage with a good effect.
Investigation on Tensile Properties of Weft Insertion Warp Knitted Fabric Reinforced Composites
Authors: Qin Zhi Gang , Ma Xiao Hong
Published: September 2013

Warp knitted fabrics possess a number of changes in the structures, so they do have great advantages on the property design of composites. The three kinds of weft insertion warp knitted fabrics are knitted on a Raschel latch needle warp knitting machine with glass continuous-filament yarns. The warp knitted fabric/ unsaturated polyester resin composite laminates are produced by manual molding technology. The tensile properties of composites in the course, wale and diagonal directions are tested on the universal material testing machine. The results show that the tensile stress/strain curves of the composites were nonlinear. The tensile properties of the composites possess obvious anisotropic characteristics. The tensile strengths and elastic modulus of the warp knitting composites depend on the needle space number of inlaid yarn, fabric density and structure.
Study on Sedimentation Differences among Akund Fiber, its Seed and Capsule
Authors: Yan Jing , Cui Yu Mei , Cheng Long Di , Fan Wen Hong
Published: September 2013

In order to better understand the separation and cleaning of akund fibers and the potential for developing separation machinery evaluated, the sedimentation differences among single akund fiber, its seed and capsule are investigated. Based on the spherical degree, the mathematical model about free dropping velocity of single akund fiber is established and the dropping method is taken in the experiment. The dropping velocity of single akund fiber calculated by mathematical relationships is 0.0592 m/s, and the velocity calculated by dropping experiment is between 0.047 m/s~0.072 m/s, which average velocity is 0.0583 m/s. The dropping velocity of a third of capsule which is the main state after mechanical treatment calculated by dropping experiment is between 0.900~1.17 m/s. Moreover, the average dropping velocity of seed calculated by dropping experiment is 1.589 m/s. The dropping velocity of capsule and seed are much higher than that of akund fiber. And if there is no adhesion between akund fiber and capsule after mechanical treatment, the complete theoretical separation of akund fiber from its capsule and seed using airflow is possible.
Design and Performance of Biologic Ceramics Based on Ordinary Paper
Authors: Xue Tao , Meng Jia Guang , Jin Zhi Hao
Published: September 2013

Porous composite ceramics was manufactured from ordinary paper by sol-gel techniques, and SiC/Si ceramics composite with laminated or tubular structure were also prepared by biomimetic design. The results show that the amorphous carbon remained after carbonizing of the ceramic paper had changed into β-SiC after silicon infiltrating in the vacuum environment. The bending strength of SiC/Si ceramic composite was up to 200MPa, and it behaved as non-catastrophic fracture behavior.
Polymer Emulsion Modified Aramid Fibers Reinforced Cementitious Composites
Authors: Wu Ying , Sun Qian Yao , Fang He , Kong Lian , Xu Chun Ming
Published: September 2013

The influence of two kinds of polymer emulsions on the flexure strength of armid fibers reinforced cementitious composites has been investigated. The morphology of fractural interface of modified composites is conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our experiment results indicated that the early flexural strengths of the epoxy emulsion and EVA emulsion modified aramid fiber reinforced cementitious composites have been improved significantly in comparison with that of unmodified composites, that is, an increase of 34.21%, 133% observed versus pristine samples curried for 28 d, respectively. The microscopic analysis on the interface between fibers, cement and aggregates revealed a novel rupturing and stripping mechanism. The efficacy of EVA emulsion modified samples is higher than that of epoxy modified ones.
Gray Analytic Hierarchy Process Model of Reasonable Substitute of Composite Materials
Authors: Chen Bao Ping
Published: September 2013

The gray analytic hierarchy process (GAHP) can be used to find the reasonable substitute of the expensive or much needed composite materials in the market, thus avoiding the subjectivism and one-sidedness of choosing the substitute materials by experience. This paper introduces the basic principle and analysis steps of GAHP and the application cases in the substitute selection of composite materials. As is proved in practice that the evaluation process is reasonable and objective. At the same time, due to the accurate evaluation results, it avoids the subjectivity and one-sidedness otherwise being unavoidable for judging by experience.Its an effective method to solve the substitute of composite materials with GAHP. The evaluation results can accurately reflect the performance of the substitute.
Study of Electrical Thickness Measurement System Technology of Composite
Authors: Yu Xing , Gu Hao , Feng Hong Quan , Wu Bing Heng , Liu Yuan Yun , He Li Hua , Zeng Zhao Yong
Published: September 2013

Based on four-terminal network theory, a multilayered model for reflective electrical thickness measurement system is presented in this paper. Using the simulation method of finite element, two crucial parameters of the measurement system are given. One parameter is the distance between the inner surface of composite and reflective mold, the other is the outer surface of composite and horn antenna aperture. This work will guarantee the design of the electrical thickness measurement system of composite.
The Preparation of Phosphate Bonding Agent and its Application in Ceramic Coating
Authors: Lv Fu Te , Wang Li Ge , Wang En Ze
Published: September 2013

A kind of phosphate bonding agent was prepared with H3PO4 and Al(OH)3 as the main raw materials in this paper. Phosphate-metal matrix ceramic coating was prepared on the surface of Q235 steel by using the technology of ambient cure with phosphate bonding agent as main body and CuO and SiC as fillers. The influence of the addition of CuO on curing temperature was studied. Meanwhile, the influence of SiC particle size and content on the abrasion resistance of the coating was studied. The result showed that the amount of friction and wear of phosphate-metal matrix ceramic coating was 5.5mg, when the the molar ratio of P and Al was 3:1.3, SiC particle size was D50=18μm, and its particle content was 40%, 20%wt CuO was added.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated Polybenzoxazole for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes
Authors: Wang Wen Feng , Hao Rong Rong , Yang Sheng Lin , Jin Jun Hong , Li Guang
Published: September 2013

Sulfonated Polybenzoxazoles (sPBO) with sulfonation degree ranging from 10% to 30% were synthesized from 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride (DAR), terephthalic acid (TPA), 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (SIPA) by direct polycondensation in polyphosphoric acid (PPA). The structures of sPBOs were verified by FTIR and elemental analysis. The values of inherent viscosity ranged from 2.56 to 1.12 dL/g and decreased with the increasing of sulfonation degree. TGA analysis showed sPBOs were thermal stable up to nearly 250°C. sPBO/PPA polymerization solution were hot pressed directly to form PPA doped sPBO membranes since sPBO was insouble in common solvents. The PPA doping level was about 340%(wt) per gram of sPBOs by theoretical calculations. The tensile strength of PPA doped sPBOs membrances ranged from 9.1 to 3.2 Mpa. At high temperature, sPBO membranes showed excellent proton conductivity. For instance, sPBO membrane with a sulfonation degree of 10% exhibited a proton conductivity of 0.123 S/cm at 170°C.The experimental results indicated sPBO are promising for proton exchange membranes for high temperature proton exchange membranes.
Properties of Crumb Rubber Mixed in Local Thailand Soil Cement Brick Composites
Authors: Namboonruang Weerapol , Rawangkul Rattanakorn , Yodsudjai Wanchai , Suphadon Nutthanan , Boongurd Anucha , Yong-Amnuai Prayoon
Published: September 2013

This work presents a study on the investigation of recycled waste tyre (crumb rubber) as aggregate in the combination of local soil-cement brick. The purpose is to develop a lightweight brick with low thermal conductivity that can produce as low cost materials in local area of Thailand. The different amount of crumb rubber particles at 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40% were replaced to local Ratchaburi soil by weight and then mixed with a constant of Portland cement content at 10%. The mechanical properties were studied and indicated that a significant reduction in sample unit weight, there by resulting in a reduction of compressive strength and flexural strength. The results show that the presence of air voids and crumb rubber particles in the matrix can increase the water absorption but decrease the thermal conductivity. However, according to ASTM indicates that this hybrid material can be used as non-load bearing concrete masonry units (2.45 MPa) and is also suitable for construction as low cost and low energy consumption house in Thailand.
Study on the Acrylic Resin Coating Agent Modified by Nanocrystalline Cellulose
Authors: Jin Li Qiang , Wei Yan Wei , Li Wei Gong
Published: September 2013

In this paper, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was prepared from bleached aspen kraft pulp by the method of sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The morphology and the size of NCC were characterized by atomic force microscopy(AFM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The acrylic resin /NCC composite was prepared by physical blends of acrylic resin and NCC. The physical-mechanical properties of the film from acrylic resin /NCC composite were measured . The results show that the resulting NCC has a rigid rod-shape structure with crystallinity of more than 80%, 26.51 nm in diameter and 200―400 nm in length. The dosage of NCC has important influnce on the physical-mechnical properties of the film from acrylic resin /NCC composite. The tensile strength, the moisture permeability and water absorption of the film increase with the dosage of NCC notably, the elongation at break of the resulting film decreases compared to the control sample..
Anti-UV Nanoparticles Surface Modification Technology
Authors: Di Jian Feng , Zou Jian Guang
Published: September 2013

The grafting mechanism of KH570 in the nanometer ZnO/CeO2 composite powders is discussed. The influences of the reaction time, amount of coupling agent on the grafting rate are researched based on graft situation characterized with FT-IR and XRD devices. The research shows that the ZnO/CeO2 can be distributed evenly after be grafted with KH570. As a result, the performance of anti-UV and the lipophilic degree of modified nanometer ZnO/CeO2 will enhance. The modified nanometer ZnO/CeO2 will be distributed evenly in spinning solution while the spinning melted with NYLON 6 in high-temperature furnace. When the reaction time is 2 hours, the mass ratio of coupling agents and nanoparticle is 0.3, the grafting ratio can reach the maximum.
Preparation and Characterization of Microporous Hemp Stem-Based Activated Carbons
Authors: Cui Xin Yu , Gao Jian Min , Hao Xin Min , Sun Jin Ju , Ma Tian , Yang Yuan
Published: September 2013

Activated carbons are prepared from hemp stem with KOH as activating agent under different ratio of KOH to carbon conditions. The BET(Brunauer Emmett and Teller) specific surface area of the hemp stem-based activated carbons first increases and then decreases with the increasing ratio of KOH to carbon. The specific surface area, micropore surface area and volume of the activated carbons reach a maximum of 1589.27m2/g 1420.52m2/g, 89% of the total area, 0.751m3/g at the ratio of 4.5:1. The micropore size distribution shows the activated carbons contain a large number of ultramicropore and supermicropore.
Electrospinning of Pullulan Nanofibers for Food Package Materials
Authors: Qian Yong Fang , Zheng Lai Jiu , Song Ruo Yuan , Du Bing
Published: September 2013

Electrospinning is a process that fabricates continuous fibers with diameters in the nanoto micron range. Pullulan with different concentrations were successfully electrospun into nanofibers with water as solvent in this study. We have evaluated the effects of solution concentration on the morphology of the fibers. The morphologies of the nanofibrous mats were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). With increasing the solution concentration, the electrospun nanofibers changed from beaded nanofibers to smooth nanofibers, meanwhile, the average diameters of electrospun pullulan nanofibers increased from 44nm, 89nm, 136nm, 172nm to 219nm when the solution concentration changed from 12, 15, 20, 25 to 30 wt%. The distribution of electrospun fibers is normal distribution. The electrospun nanofibrous mats will be a promising food package material.
Rolled Tubular Scaffolds with Aligned Nanofibers and their Mechanical Properties
Authors: Yin Gui Bo
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a novel tubular scaffold was constructed by electrospinning technique and rolling method. Firstly, a high speed rotation drum was used to collect aligned poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers. Secondly, the membrane was cut and rolled into tube. Finally, a randomly oriented nanofibers layer was electrospun onto the rolled tube to envelope the end of rolled membrane and increase the mechanical properties. The morphology and alignment of nanofibers was observed and the mechanical properties were evaluated. The results showed that desirable alignment could be obtained by adjusting rotation speed. Along the fiber direction, the tensile stress of aligned PLA nanofibers membrane reached 49.32 ± 14.83 MPa and the elongation was17.71% ± 0.06%. The suture strength was more than adequate for suturing during implantation (2.36 ± 0.80 N/needle). This results derived from this study indicated that the construction technology was feasible and fundamentally verified the applicability of novelly designed scaffolds in tissue engineering.
Application of Ag-Doped Nano-TiO2 Prepared at Low-Temperature to Multi-Functional Finishing of Cotton Fabric
Authors: Huang Yi , Wang Li Ming , Shen Yong
Published: September 2013

Ag-doped nano-TiO2 sol was prepared at a low temperature and was used to finishing cotton fabrics, and observed the crystal structure and the dispersion of nano-TiO2 on the fabric by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM); Discussed the influence of different amount of silver on antibacterial properties; Studied the impact of different finishing methods on UV resistance performance as well as the degradation of methylene blue and VOC performance. Results showed that Ag-doped nano-TiO2 on the fabric which was finished by steaming method with the sol agent were anatase phase,and its particle size was 20-40 nm, when the molar ratio of tetrabutyl titanate and silver nitrate was 70:1, the Bacteriostatic rate was 99.9%, and fastness to washing was well, UV resistance and degradation of MB and VOC performance had greatly ascended, and less influence on the fabric performance.
Motion Reliability Analysis of the Flexible Series Mechanism in ADAMS/View
Authors: Li Chang , Han Xing , Ma Xiao Gang
Published: September 2013

When there are existing flexible deformations in a mechanism, its motion reliability analysis will become more difficult. In this paper, we took a PUMA560 series mechanism as an example to analyze the flexible motion reliability. Firstly, considering the existence of its flexible characteristic we built a 3-D virtual model of this mechanism in ADAMS. Secondly, we inserted a pseudo random function that was programmed in VC++ software and used Monte Carlo method to simulate the distributions of different mechanism random errors, and then we calculated the motion reliability of this PUMA560, and this can evaluate the influence of different stochastic error on mechanism dynamic characteristics. This new method is convenient and accurate, and owns some application values for this mechanism design.
Study on Mixing Characteristics of Ventilated Central Tornado Flow in Stirring Tank
Authors: Zhai Tian , Hao Hui Di , Lei Jian Yong
Published: September 2013

The research of the flow simulation in the inner stirring tank with the single pipe and dual pipe was studied by CFD, which has demonstrated the fluid simulation effect of the single pipe and dual pipe. It has found that the effect is better in the single pipe stirring tank than the dual pipe one. Basing on this result, the flow simulation effect of dual pipe is better than the single one, and the result has a certain practical significance effect on industry.