bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fair referee assignment for the Italian soccer serieA
Authors: Mancini Simona , Isabello Andrea
Published: June 2014

The Referee Assignment Problem (RAP) is a novel arising problem in sports management, in which a limited number of referees with different qualifications and availabilities should be assigned to a set of games already scheduled, in order to respect a list of constraints. Number and nature of these constraints may significantly vary for sports, nation and type of league. Almost each tournament has its own particular set of constraints to be satisfied, therefore it is very difficult to generalize this problem. The goal of the problem is to find a feasible assignment, i.e., a configuration which allows to respect all the constraints given. An extension of the RAP is the Fair Referee Assignment Problem (FRAP), in which the objective is to minimize the violation of a set of soft (optional) constraints, while satisfying all the hard (mandatory) ones. In this work, the Italian Major Soccer League, the so-called SERIE A, is addressed, and an integer programming model for the related FRAP is proposed. Soft and hard constraints have been formulated according to the rules suggested by the AIA (Italian Referee Association) which is in charge of referee assignment for the SerieA. The model has been tested on a real instance taken from the season 2011/2012. Results obtained show the efficacy and the effectiveness of the model.
Crystal structure of bis{1-[(benzotriazol-1-yl)methyl]-1-H-1,3-(2-methylimdazol)} dibromidomercury(II), [Hg(C11H11N5)2Br2], C22H22Br2HgN10
Authors: Yang Hai-Yan , Li Ying-Hua
Published: June 2014

C22H22Br2HgN10, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.2071(3) Å, b = 27.4869(12) Å, c = 13.3612(4) Å, β = 103.638(3)°, V = 2572.3 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0383, wRref(F2) = 0.0788, T = 291 K.
Crystal structure of tetraaqua dinitrato-κ2O,O'-4,4',6,6'-tetramethyl-2,2'- bipyrimidine-κ4N,N':N'',N''' dinickel(II) dinitrate, C6H11N4NiO8
Authors: Ma Ning , Wang Ye
Published: June 2014

C6H11N4NiO8, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.773(2) Å, b = 10.614(2) Å, c = 11.485(2) Å, β = 92.479(2)°, V = 1190.2 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0332, wRref(F2) = 0.0959, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of [1,3-bis(benzimidazol-3-ium-1-yl)propane][bis(2,3- dicarboxy-5-nitrobenzoate)], (C17H18N4).(O2NC9H4O6)2, C35H26N6O16
Authors: Liu Jing , Pan Qi
Published: June 2014

C35H26N6O16, monoclinic, P2/n (no. 13), a = 12.0121(6) Å, b = 9.5473(5) Å, c = 14.1503(6) Å, β = 96.390(4)°, V = 1612.7 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0474, wRref(F2) = 0.0994, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 2-(methylthio)thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine, C7H6N2S2
Authors: Ren Yun-Lai , Tian Ming , Wang Wei-Min , Jin Chao-Xi
Published: June 2014

C7H6N2S2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 4.9698(13) Å, b = 10.634(3) Å, c = 15.259(4) Å, V = 806.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0256, wRref(F2) = 0.0597, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of Scheelite-type potassium cerium bis(tetraoxomolybdate( VI)), KCe(MoO4)2
Authors: Zhang Hui-Ju , Fu Li , Wang Chao-Peng , Fu Hui-Feng , Xie Wei-Gong
Published: June 2014

CeKMo
Crystal structure of 3-aminium-pyridin-1-ium bis(triiodide) dihydrate, C5H12I6N2O2
Authors: Reiss Guido J. , Leske Peer B.
Published: June 2014

C
Selective mono-radioiodination and characterization of a Cell-Penetrating Peptide: L-Tyr-Maurocalcine
Authors: Ahmadi Mitra , Bacot Sandrine , Poillot Cathy , Desruet Marie-Dominique , Perret Pascale , Riou Laurent , Cestèle Sandrine , Couvet Morgane , Bourgoin Sandrine , Sève Michel , De Waard Michel , Ghezzi Catherine
Published: June 2014

Mono-and poly- iodinated peptides form frequently during radioiodination procedures. However, the formation of a single species
in its mono-iodinated form is essential for quantitative studies such as determination of tissue concentration or image
quantification. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to define the optimal experimental conditions in order to
exclusively obtain the mono-iodinated form of L-maurocalcine (L-MCa). L-MCa is an animal venom toxin which was shown to act as
a cell-penetrating peptide. In order to apply the current direct radioiodination technique using oxidative agents including
chloramine T, Iodo-Gen® or lactoperoxidase, an analogue of this peptide containing a tyrosine residue
(Tyr-L-MCa) was synthesized and was shown to fold/oxidize properly. The enzymatic approach using lactoperoxidase/H2O2
was found to be the best method for radioiodination of Tyr-L-MCa. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analyses were then used for
identification of the chromatographic eluting components of the reaction mixtures. We observed that the production of different
radioiodinated species depended upon the reaction conditions. Our results successfully described the experimental conditions
of peptide radioiodination allowing the exclusive production of the mono-iodinated form with high radiochemical purity and
without the need for a purification step. Mono-radioiodination of L-Tyr-MCa will be crucial for future quantitative studies,
investigating the mechanism of cell penetration and in vivo biodistribution.
Untersuchung optischer 3D Messsysteme zum Einsatz in der computerassistierten Chirurgie
Authors: Sahm Stephanie , Kerstein Thomas , Scarpin Dominik , Roth Hubert , Wahrburg Jürgen
Published: June 2014

Optische 3D Messsysteme bilden wesentliche Komponenten, um in der computerassistierten Chirurgie die räumliche Lage chirurgischer Instrumente im Bezug auf den Patienten fortlaufend zu erfassen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein auf diese Anwendung zugeschnittener Versuchsaufbau vorgestellt, der die Untersuchung der Genauigkeit optischer, markerbasierter 3D Lokalisiersysteme ermöglicht. Zur berührungslosen Erfassung der Patientenanatomie wird außerdem ein robotergeführter Laserscanner beschrieben, bei dem durch Auswertung der Kamera-Rohdaten des Lokalisiersystems die Laserlinie detektiert wird.
Kompaktes photoakustisches Gasmesssystem mit
Potential zur weiteren Miniaturisierung
Authors: Huber Jochen , Wöllenstein Jürgen
Published: June 2014

Der photoakustische Effekt kann zur Detektion von IR-aktiven
Gasen genutzt werden. Es wird ein einfaches und kompaktes System
vorgestellt, welches nach theoretischen Vorbetrachtungen
entwickelt wurde. Das System besteht aus einem thermischen
Breitband-IR-Emitter und einer Messkammer mit einem MEMS-Mikrofon
als Detektor. Labormessungen mit den Gasen Kohlendioxid und Methan
zeigen die Eignung als selektives und kostengünstiges
Messsystem. Das Potential zur weiteren Miniaturisierung des
Messsystems wird aufgezeigt.
Development of a Microfluidic GHz Impedance Cytometer
Authors: Haandbæk Niels , Bürgel Sebastian C. , Heer Flavio , Hierlemann Andreas
Published: June 2014

This article presents a novel microfluidic impedance cytometer
enabling dielectric characterization of single cells at
frequencies up to 500 MHz. The dielectric properties of cells at
lower frequencies contain information about their size and
membrane capacitance. The increased frequency range of the
presented cytometer potentially allows for characterization of
intracellular components, such as vacuoles or the cell nuclei. We
demonstrate the overall capabilities of the cytometer through
discrimination of polystyrene beads from Chinese hamster ovary
(CHO) cells. The discrimination is based on the difference in
dielectric properties at frequencies up to 500 MHz.
Verb cognates in Haitian Creole
Authors: Glaude Herby , Zribi-Hertz Anne
Published: June 2014

This article bears on three “verb cognate” (VC) constructions attested in Haitian Creole, where the verb and a homonymous replica of the verb cooccur within the same clausal domain. In the first two constructions – VC1 and VC2 – the verb's cognate is crucially unstressed and supports further lexical material, while in the third construction – VC3, which subsumes the subcase known as
How autosegmental is phonology?
Authors: Hyman Larry M.
Published: June 2014

In this paper I raise the following questions: (i) How appropriate/effective are traditional autosegmental representations? (ii) What insights do autosegmental representations help us express? (iii) Where do autosegmental representations fall short? (iv) What does this all mean for phonology? Although there is still general acceptance of the “basic autosegmental insight”, i.e. that certain features are semi-autonomous from each other and their anchors (e.g. tones vs. tonebearing units), there has been decreasing interest in representational issues in some current approaches to phonology, as well as proposed frameworks which abandon some of the key properties of autosegmental phonology. In this paper I will be particularly interested in the intersection of the following properties assumed in traditional autosegmental phonology: (i) assimilation = spreading; (ii) no line-crossing; (iii) branching elements ≠ successive linking of identical elements. I will first review these three autosegmental assumptions – and the good things they do for us – and then present some unexpected tonal data which are potentially problematic for one or another of these assumptions. After identifying what makes the cited cases problematic and the choices we have in accounting for them, I will conclude with a discussion of the implications such facts have concerning phonology in general.
Foreign Women and the Early Kings of Judah
Authors: Sergi Omer
Published: June 2014

This study explores the theme of

Cette étude explore la thématique du

Thema dieser Studie ist die Funktion des
The Medium and the Message, or, what is »Deuteronomistic« about the Book of Jeremiah?
Authors: Leuchter Mark
Published: June 2014

Scholars have correctly identified a particular linguistic style as »Deuteronomistic«, but advances in our understanding of scribal practice in antiquity call in question attempts to identify a text as »Deuteronomistic« on the basis of linguistic style alone. A consideration of conceptual agendas and rhetorical choices must accompany any such assignment. Bearing this in mind, the present study returns to the issue of what is »Deuteronomistic« about the book of Jeremiah, identifying conceptual continuity and rhetorical strategies that it shares with the late-monarchic book of Deuteronomy. The present study also considers why the medium of the prophetic book (that of Jeremiah) became such a preferred choice for the development of Deuteronomistic discourse in the post-monarchic period.

La recherche a établi légitimement un style »deutéronomiste«, mais des progrès dans la compréhension de la pratique des scribes dans l’Antiquité rendent plus difficile la tentative d’identifier un style comme »deutéronomiste« sur la seule base de ses particularités linguistiques. Il faut également prendre en compte le répertoire conceptuel et les choix rhétoriques. C’est dans cette perspective que l’a. aborde la question: que signifie »deutéronomiste« par rapport au livre de Jérémie? Il identifie la continuité conceptuelle et les stratégies rhétoriques que ce livre a en commun avec le livre du Deutéronome, d’époque royale tardive. Pour finalement s’interroger: pourquoi le médium d’un livre prophétique (Jér.) s’avéra-t-il si approprié pour le développement ultérieur du discours deutéronomiste après la fin de l’époque royale?

Die Forschung hat zu Recht einen bestimmten sprachlichen Stil als »deuteronomistisch« identifiziert; aber die Fortschritte in unserem Verständnis der antiken Schreibpraxis erschweren Versuche, einen Text allein aufgrund seines Sprachstils als »deuteronomistisch« zu identifizieren. Eine Berücksichtigung von Begriffskonzeptionen und rhetorischen Wahlmöglichkeiten muss solche Zuweisungen begleiten. Dies im Hinterkopf behaltend, beschäftigt sich der vorliegende Beitrag mit dem Thema, was »deuteronomistisch« in Bezug auf das Jeremiabuch bedeutet, indem er konzeptionelle Kontinuität und rhetorische Strategien identifiziert, die dieses Buch mit dem spät-königszeitlichen Deuteronomium teilt. Schließlich wird überlegt, warum das Medium eines Prophetenbuchs (Jer) für die Weiterentwicklung des deuteronomistischen Diskurses nach dem Ende der Königszeit so besonders geeignet erschien.
Single crystal X-ray and electron microprobe study of Al/Si-disordered anorthite with low content of albite
Authors: Echigo Takuya , Hoshino Mihoko , Kimata Mitsuyoshi , Shimizu Masahiro , Matsui Tomoaki , Nishida Norimasa
Published: June 2014

The crystal chemistry of anorthite with low content of albite (An92.0 Ab3.4), part of a rapidly cooled anorthite megacryst occurring in 1940 ejecta from Miyake-jima volcano, Japan, has been investigated using a single-crystal X-ray diffractometer and an electron microprobe analyzer with wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EMPA-WDS). The structure was refined in space group P1̅ and cell parameters, a=8.182(6) Å, b=12.883(4) Å, c=7.092(4) Å, α=93.19(4)°, β=115.91°(4), γ=91.18°(4). The final weighted R-factor is 3.77% for 1549 reflections. Averaged T-O distances are 1.681 Å for T1(0), 1.674 Å for T1(m), 1.677 Å for T2(0) and 1.680 Å for T2(m), indicating Al occupancies of 0.501, 0.453, 0.472, and 0.496, respectively. These results suggest that the Al/Si-distribution in the tetrahedral framework is highly disordered (QOD=0.06), which results in bisection of the c-period in Al/Si ordered anorthites (c∼14 Å). Chemical composition of the refined crystal obtained by EMPA-WDS is (Ca0.93 Na0.03 Fe0.02□0.01)(Mg0.01 Al1.94 Si2.05)O8. The extra-framework site-populations consist of the following two: (1) A(000) site occupied by Ca (86%), Na (8%), Fe2+ (4%) and □(2%), and (2) A(zi0) site by Ca (100%). The Al/Si tetrahedral framework is hence pseudo-face-centered in symmetry (C1ʩ so that both extra-framework cations and their defects appear to reduce the symmetry of the overall structure to P1ʮ Although the Al/Si disordered anorthite can be interpreted as a metastable phase, the observed chemical non-stoichiometry may stabilize such a metastable structure by introducing minor -Si4+-O-Si4+- bonds into the tetrahedral framework and anti-phase-boundary.
A Perspective on the Proposed Amendments to the Drug Distribution Guideline
Authors: Bennardo Kevin
Published: June 2014

This Commentary provides a perspective on the U.S. Sentencing Commission’s proposed amendment to the drug distribution guideline. The proposed amendment has the potential to substantially affect federal sentencing and incarceration because of the sheer volume of advisory sentencing ranges that are calculated through the drug distribution guideline.

Although the proposed almost-across-the-board offense level reduction is laudable, the Commission should go further in its amendment of the drug distribution guideline. First, the proposed amendment reduces most of the offense levels in the Drug Quantity Table by two levels, but it does not alter the offense levels for distributions of the smallest and largest drug quantities. The amendment would be more internally consistent if the Commission simply reduced the offense levels applicable to the entire Drug Quantity Table by two levels.

Second, the amendment continues to base the offense levels in the Drug Quantity Table on the mandatory minimums in the drug trafficking statute. The Commission should delink the Drug Quantity Table from the mandatory minimums. An increasing number of drug defendants escape the operation of otherwise-applicable mandatory minimum sentences, particularly in the wake of the Supreme Court’s decision in Alleyne v. United States and the Attorney General’s directive to federal prosecutors to structure indictments to avoid mandatory minimums for certain low-level, non-violent drug offenders. Fairness dictates that these offenders receive a advisory sentencing range that reflects the Commission’s research and expertise rather than one that is bound to inapplicable statutory mandatory minimums.
FluorescenceIn SituHybridization and Optical Mapping to Correct Scaffold Arrangement in the Tomato Genome
Authors: Shearer Lindsay A , Anderson Lorinda K , de Jong Hans , Smit Sandra , Goicoechea José Luis , Roe Bruce A , Hua Axin , Giovannoni James J , Stack Stephen M
Published: June 2014

The order and orientation (arrangement) of all 91 sequenced scaffolds in the 12 pseudomolecules of the recently published tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, 2n = 2x = 24) genome sequence were positioned based on marker order in a high-density linkage map. Here, we report the arrangement of these scaffolds determined by two independent physical methods, bacterial artificial chromosome–fluorescence in situ hybridization (BAC-FISH) and optical mapping. By localizing BACs at the ends of scaffolds to spreads of tomato synaptonemal complexes (pachytene chromosomes), we showed that 45 scaffolds, representing one-third of the tomato genome, were arranged differently than predicted by the linkage map. These scaffolds occur mostly in pericentric heterochromatin where 77% of the tomato genome is located and where linkage mapping is less accurate due to reduced crossing over. Although useful for only part of the genome, optical mapping results were in complete agreement with scaffold arrangement by FISH but often disagreed with scaffold arrangement based on the linkage map. The scaffold arrangement based on FISH and optical mapping changes the positions of hundreds of markers in the linkage map, especially in heterochromatin. These results suggest that similar errors exist in pseudomolecules from other large genomes that have been assembled using only linkage maps to predict scaffold arrangement, and these errors can be corrected using FISH and/or optical mapping. Of note, BAC-FISH also permits estimates of the sizes of gaps between scaffolds, and unanchored BACs are often visualized by FISH in gaps between scaffolds and thus represent starting points for filling these gaps.
Genome-wide Screens for Sensitivity to Ionizing Radiation Identify the Fission Yeast Nonhomologous End Joining Factor Xrc4
Authors: Li Jun , Yu Yang , Suo Fang , Sun Ling-Ling , Zhao Dan , Du Li-Lin
Published: June 2014

Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) is the main means for repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human cells. Molecular understanding of NHEJ has benefited from analyses in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In human cells, the DNA ligation reaction of the classical NHEJ pathway is carried out by a protein complex composed of DNA ligase IV (LigIV) and XRCC4. In S. cerevisiae, this reaction is catalyzed by a homologous complex composed of Dnl4 and Lif1. Intriguingly, no homolog of XRCC4 has been found in S. pombe, raising the possibility that such a factor may not always be required for classical NHEJ. Here, through screening the ionizing radiation (IR) sensitivity phenotype of a genome-wide fission yeast deletion collection in both the vegetative growth state and the spore state, we identify Xrc4, a highly divergent homolog of human XRCC4. Like other fission yeast NHEJ factors, Xrc4 is critically important for IR resistance of spores, in which no homologous recombination templates are available. Using both extrachromosomal and chromosomal DSB repair assays, we show that Xrc4 is essential for classical NHEJ. Exogenously expressed Xrc4 colocalizes with the LigIV homolog Lig4 at the chromatin region of the nucleus in a mutually dependent manner. Furthermore, like their human counterparts, Xrc4 and Lig4 interact with each other and this interaction requires the inter-BRCT linker and the second BRCT domain of Lig4. Our discovery of Xrc4 suggests that an XRCC4 family protein is universally required for classical NHEJ in eukaryotes.
Clinical Trial Enrollment Among Adolescents With Cancer: Supplement Overview
Authors: Tai Eric , Beaupin Lynda , Bleyer Archie
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUND:

Survival rates for children with cancer have significantly increased over the past 35 years. However, adolescents with cancer aged 15 to 19 years have had less progress in survival prolongation compared with younger children, which may be due to lower clinical trial enrollment among adolescents with cancer. To help address this issue, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) convened a series of webinars to identify salient issues and measures to address this problem. This supplement is intended to raise awareness about the unique challenges of clinical trial enrollment among adolescents with cancer.

METHODS:

The CDC convened a workgroup of researchers and health care providers in the field of adolescent and young adult oncology and cancer survivorship to examine the barriers and challenges limiting the participation of adolescents in clinical trials and to define ways to improve on these concerns.

RESULTS:

The workgroup identified 3 distinct issues affecting clinical trial enrollment among adolescents with cancer: (1) many adolescents with cancer are not referred to institutions where clinical trials are offered, (2) there are limited numbers of clinical trials for adolescents with cancer, and (3) psychosocial barriers impede adolescents with cancer from enrolling in clinical trials.

CONCLUSIONS:

Adolescents with cancer have the smallest proportion and least number of patients enrolled in clinical trials in pediatric oncology. Successfully addressing this challenge requires improving referral to existing clinical trials, addressing regulatory barriers to clinical trial enrollment, increasing the number of clinical trials for adolescents, and addressing unique psychosocial barriers to clinical trial enrollment.
Treatment Setting, Clinical Trial Enrollment, and Subsequent Outcomes Among Adolescents With Cancer: A Literature Review
Authors: Tai Eric , Buchanan Natasha , Westervelt Lauren , Elimam Dena , Lawvere Silvana
Published: June 2014

BACKGROUND:

There has been an overall improvement in survival rates for persons with cancer over the past 35 years. However, these gains are less prevalent among adolescents with cancer aged 15 to 19 years, which may be due to lower clinical trial enrollment among adolescents with cancer.

METHODS:

We conducted a literature review to assess current research regarding clinical trial enrollment and subsequent outcomes among adolescents with cancer. The search included English-language publications that reported original data from January 1985 to October 2011.

RESULTS:

The search identified 539 records. Of these 539 records, there were 30 relevant original research articles. Multiple studies reported that adolescents with cancer are enrolled in clinical trials at lower rates compared with younger children and older adults. Treatment setting, physician type, and institution type may all be factors in the low enrollment rate among adolescents. Few data focused solely on adolescents, with many studies combining adolescents with young adults. The number of available studies related to this topic was limited, with significant variability in study design, methods, and outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

This literature review suggests that adolescents with cancer are not treated at optimal settings and are enrolled in clinical trials at low rates. This may lead to inferior treatment and poor subsequent medical and psychosocial outcomes. The scarcity in data further validates the need for additional research focusing on this population.
Improving Enrollment in Clinical Trials for Adolescents With Cancer
Authors: Shaw Peter H. , Hayes-Lattin Brandon , Johnson Rebecca , Bleyer Archie
Published: June 2014

Overall cancer cure rates have risen over the last 30 years. Adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology patients aged 15 to 39 have not shared in these successes as an age group, including those who fall into the younger age group of 15 to 19 years. The reasons for this deficit in survival improvement are manifold, but research has shown that an important factor is decreased enrollment in therapeutic clinical trials in this population versus younger patients. The paucity of adolescents treated in clinical trials is itself the result of several elements of the health care landscape in the United States. On the local level, these factors include referral patterns and facilities available; on the national level, related factors include the number of clinical trials available for this age group and health care provider education in the care of these patients. We examine the data available that have contributed to this deficit in the United States and offer broad strategies to address these shortcomings with the goal of improving outcomes in this underserved population.
Morphology-driven electrical and optical properties in graded hierarchical transparent conducting Al:ZnO
Authors: Gondoni P. , Mazzolini P. , Pillado Pérez A. M. , Russo V. , Li Bassi A. , Casari C. S.
Published: June 2014

Graded Al-doped ZnO layers, constituted by a mesoporous forest-like system evolving into a compact transparent conductor, were synthesized by Pulsed Laser Deposition with different morphologies to study the correlation with functional properties. Morphology was monitored by Scanning Electron Microscopy images and by measuring the resulting surface roughness. Its effects on electrical conductivity – especially carrier mobility, which significantly decreases with increasing roughness – allow to discuss the limitations in conduction mechanisms. Significant changes in light scattering capability due to variations in morphology are also investigated and discussed to study the correlation between morphology and functional properties.
Acceptability of self-conducted home-based HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Brazil: data from an on-line survey
Authors: Lippman Sheri A. , Périssé André R. S. , Veloso Valdiléa G. , Sullivan Patrick S. , Buchbinder Susan , Sineath R. Craig , Grinsztejn Beatriz
Published: June 2014

The Brazilian HIV/AIDS epidemic is concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM), however HIV testing rates among MSM are not commensurate with their risk. Strategies to expand early diagnosis may include use of self-conducted home-based testing kits, which are now available for purchase in the US. In April 2011 we conducted a survey with Brazilian MSM using Facebook to assess HIV testing preferences and acceptability of home-based testing. Among 356 previously tested, HIV-negative MSM, 47% reported a preference for home-based testing, 27% preferred clinic-based testing, and 26% had no preference. Less frequent testers and those who had considered testing but failed to test were more likely to prefer home-based testing. Close to 90% reported that they would use self-test kits; 62% and 54% said they would use home-based testing to make choices about unprotected sex with regular and new partners, respectively. Concerns included difficulty to understand the tests (32%) and receiving results alone (23%). Overall, home-based testing may appeal to MSM and result in increased testing frequency. Research on feasibility and utilization of self-tests in practice is needed.
Terapia antirretroviral em crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo HIV: o que sabemos após 30 anos de epidemia
Authors: Bazin Gabriela Ricordi , Gaspar Mariza Curto Saavedra , Silva Nicole Carvalho Xavier Micheloni da , Mendes Carolina da Costa , Oliveira Cora Pichler de , Bastos Leonardo Soares , Cardoso Claudete Aparecida Araújo
Published: June 2014

Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o uso da terapia antirretroviral combinada em crianças e adolescentes com AIDS. Foram captados 247 resumos nos portais PubMed e LILACS, publicados entre 1983 e 2013, sendo utilizados 69 artigos para as referências bibliográficas. A atenção atribuída às pesquisas na faixa etária pediátrica durante os trinta anos de epidemia de AIDS se justifica por características imunológicas próprias, sendo a progressão da AIDS mais rápida em crianças que em adultos. Pesquisas recentes abordam estratégias de intervenção medicamentosa de alta potência antes do aparecimento dos sintomas iniciais. A introdução precoce da terapia antirretroviral combinada foi implantada com eficácia e segurança em populações com poucos recursos fixos, com melhora significativa da sobrevida desses pacientes. O desafio atual é lidar com uma doença crônica com intercorrências agudas. Novas pesquisas serão necessárias, atentando para as especificidades populacionais e particularizando as necessidades individuais dos pacientes pediátricos.
Medicamentos falsificados e contrabandeados no Brasil: panorama geral e perspectivas de combate ao seu consumo
Authors: Hurtado Renato Lopes , Lasmar Marcelo Carvalho
Published: June 2014

O problema de falsificação de medicamentos aumenta a cada dia, acentuado pela globalização e vantagem financeira inerente a essa atividade. Diversos tipos de medicamentos têm sido alvo de falsificações, tornando-se um grave problema de saúde e segurança pública. O estudo avaliou o panorama do problema no Brasil, bem como as ações de fiscalização sanitária realizadas pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária em conjunto com o Departamento de Polícia Federal, de 2007 a março de 2011. Foram realizadas análises das apreensões, tipos de apreensões, quantitativos de prisões, entre outros fatores. Observou-se que em 90% dos estabelecimentos onde ocorreram algum tipo de crime (venda de medicamento falsificado e falta de controle de medicamentos e entorpecentes), não havia a efetiva presença do profissional farmacêutico. Dentre os produtos apreendidos, a maior parte foi de medicamentos para combate da disfunção erétil. Mostrou-se também que a integração entre os órgãos torna-se uma ferramenta de grande valia no combate a esse tipo de venda de medicamento.
Utilização dos equipamentos de proteção individual por mototaxistas: percepção dos fatores de risco e associados
Authors: Teixeira Jules Ramon Brito , Santos Ninalva de Andrade , Sales Zenilda Nogueira , Moreira Ramon Missias , Boery Rita Narriman Silva de Oliveira , Boery Eduardo Nagib , Santos Ramon Araújo dos , Mota Tilson Nunes
Published: June 2014

Este estudo objetivou analisar as práticas e percepções de mototaxistas a respeito do uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) por meio de pesquisa de campo, exploratório- descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. Foram entrevistados trinta mototaxistas do Município de Jequié, Bahia, Brasil. Para a coleta dos dados, foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada, e, como instrumento, o questionário. Os dados foram analisados pela Análise de Conteúdo Temático. Os resultados evidenciaram: Categoria 1 – percepção de risco, subcategoria – condicionantes/determinantes para o uso do EPI; Categoria 2 – adesão, subcategoria – adesão ao uso do equipamento de proteção ocupacional; Categoria 3 – o uso do EPI como fator de proteção em acidentes no trânsito, subcategorias 1 – acidentes ocupacionais, 2 – uso do EPI no momento do acidente, 3 – não uso do EPI no momento do acidente. Por fim, tornou-se explícito que os mototaxistas têm algum conhecimento acerca dos equipamentos de proteção ocupacional e, inclusive, atribuem importância ao devido uso desses instrumentos, entretanto, nem sempre fazem o uso adequado deles.
Syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Amazonas State, Brazil: an evaluation using database linkage
Authors: Soeiro Claudia Marques de Oliveira , Miranda Angélica Espinosa , Saraceni Valeria , Santos Marcelo Cordeiro dos , Talhari Sinesio , Ferreira Luiz Carlos de Lima
Published: June 2014

This study analyzes notification of syphilis in pregnancy and congenital syphilis in Amazo- nas State, Brazil, from 2007 to 2009 and verifies underreporting in databases in the National Information System on Diseases of Notification (SINAN) and the occurrence of perinatal deaths associated with congenital syphilis and not reported in the Mortality Information System (SIM). This was a cross-sectional study with probabilistic record linkage between the SINAN and SIM. There were 666 reports of syphilis in pregnant women, including 224 in 2007 (3.8/1,000), 244(4.5/1,000) in 2008, and 198(4.0/1,000) in 2009. The study found 486 cases of congenital syphilis, of which 153 in 2007 (2.1/1,000), 193 in 2008 (2.6/1,000), and 140 in 2009 (2.0/1,000). After linkage of the SINAN databases, 237 pregnant women (35.6%) had cases of congenital syphilis reported. The SIM recorded 4,905 perinatal deaths, of which 57.8% were stillbirths. Probabilistic record linkage between SIM and SINAN-Congenital Syphilis yielded 13 matched records. The use of SINAN and SIM may not reflect the total magnitude of syphilis, but provide the basis for monitoring and analyzing this health problem, with a view towards planning and management.
Formação para marisqueiras em segurança de alimentos e saúde do trabalhador: uma experiência na comunidade de Ilha do Paty, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Nóbrega Gabriela Silva da , Cardoso Ryzia de Cassia Vieira , Furtunato Dalva Maria da Nóbrega , Góes José Ângelo Wenceslau , Ferreira Tereza Cristina Braga , Santos Mary Daiane Fontes , Santos Sissa Maria Garrido
Published: June 2014

Este estudo objetiva descrever uma experiência de formação para marisqueiras, conduzida junto à comunidade pesqueira de Ilha do Paty, São Francisco do Conde, em um contexto de ações para promoção da saúde e da segurança alimentar. Estudo de intervenção, com planejamento de atividades por equipe multidisciplinar. As atividades foram desenvolvidas em cinco etapas: sondagem de temas; sensibilização; rotina de trabalho das marisqueiras; curso de boas práticas no beneficiamento de mariscos; e roda de conversa. As metodologias incluíram exposição dialogada, dinâmica de grupos, oficinas, teatro, uso de imagens, atividades dirigidas e distribuição de materiais didáticos. Ao final, solicitou-se a avaliação dos participantes quanto a distintos itens. Em geral, registrou-se satisfação do público-alvo, para a maioria dos indicadores, o que pode relacionar-se tanto à utilização de recursos audiovisuais e estratégias que permitiram troca de experiências, quanto ao reconhecimento da importância da formação. A experiência demonstra o potencial de desenvolvimento de atividades educativas junto a comunidades pesqueiras, com resultados que contribuem para o fortalecimento de cadeias produtivas locais, com promoção da segurança alimentar e da saúde do trabalhador.
Estado nutricional dos beneficiários do Programa Bolsa Família no Brasil - uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Wolf Miriam Regina , Barros Filho Antonio de Azevedo
Published: June 2014

Diversos programas de combate à desnutrição foram implementados ao longo dos anos no Brasil. A partir de 2001 cabe ao Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) esta responsabilidade. Apesar da expansão do PBF ainda são pouca as avaliações que aquilatam os avanços e os desafios a serem enfrentados, bem como os impactos nas condições de saúde e nutrição da população. Ainda que o acompanhamento do estado nutricional seja uma das condicionalidades para a manutenção do recebimento do benefício, quando se buscam estes dados, há uma grande dificuldade em obtê-los. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática é obter informações do estado nutricional dos beneficiários do PBF, para conhecer a realidade nacional no que diz respeito a esta situação, bem como avaliar se o programa causou impacto sobre o perfil nutricional da população atendida. Foi realizada uma busca através da Medline, Bireme, Scielo, Lilacs, Sistema de Bibliotecas Universitárias (SBU) e ferramenta Google. A busca inclui artigos originais e teses de março 2002 até maio de 2012. Encontrou-se aproximadamente 100 trabalhos. Após a exclusão pelo título restaram 23 artigos e após a leitura dos resumos, ficaram 13. Os trabalhos revisados sugererem que o Programa não está modificando o estado nutricional dos beneficiários.
Fatores associados à adição de sal à refeição pronta
Authors: Castro Raquel da Silva Assunção de , Giatti Luana , Barreto Sandhi Maria
Published: June 2014

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar se existem diferenças na adição de sal à refeição pronta entre homens e mulheres. Foram incluídos 47.557 indivíduos de 18 a 64 anos, participantes do sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico, das 26 capitais e Distrito Federal, em 2006. As diferenças entre homens e mulheres foram analisadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado e as magnitudes da associação estimadas pelo Odds Ratio obtido por meio da regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência da adição de sal à refeição pronta foi 8,3%, sendo maior entre homens (9,8% vs 6,9%, p < 0,01). Após ajustes, a adição de sal à refeição pronta foi maior em indivíduos com a autoavaliação de saúde regular e ruim, relato de doença cardiovascular e que residiam na região Norte do Brasil. Indivíduos hipertensos relataram adicionar menos sal à refeição pronta. A escolaridade não foi associada à adição de sal. Homens adicionam mais sal à refeição pronta do que mulheres. Políticas públicas de saúde voltadas para a redução da ingestão de sal pela população devem levar em consideração a diferença de gênero no uso discricionário de sal e nos fatores que favorecem essas diferenças.
Fatores determinantes da insegurança alimentar e nutricional: estudo realizado em Restaurantes Populares de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Sobrinho Fernanda Martins , Silva Yara Cardoso , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Pereira Simone Cardoso Lisboa , Dias Júnior Cláudio Santiago
Published: June 2014

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar a condição domiciliar de (in) segurança alimentar e nutricional (IAN) dos usuários dos restaurantes populares de Belo Horizonte (BH). Trata-se de um estudo transversal analítico realizado em todos os RP e refeitório de BH com uma amostra de 1613 usuários. A IAN foi avaliada por meio da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e cruzadas com o perfil socioeconômico dos usuários. Foi aplicado Qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste de Mann-Whitney. Foram incluídas na análise multivariada todas as variáveis p-valor < 0,25. O grupo mais exposto a IAN entre os usuários dos RP são os com classe socioeconômica e com uma renda per capita mais baixa; com um grande número de residentes no domicílio; que se autodeclaram possuir mais tipos diferentes de carências/necessidades; e que consideram o preço e morar sozinho os principais motivos para frequentar os RP. Os fatores que interferem na IAN são vários, multicausal, representando assim um grande desafio para os formuladores de políticas públicas e para os que convivem diretamente com essas restrições alimentares. O RP atua como estratégia de promoção da alimentação saudável.
Utilização e cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Jung Natália Miranda , Bairros Fernanda de Souza , Neutzling Marilda Borges
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o percentual de utilização e a cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional - Web (SISVAN-Web) nas Coordenadorias Regionais de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul em 2010 e verificar sua correlação com variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e de organização do sistema de saúde. Estudo ecológico que utilizou dados secundários do SISVAN-Web, Departamento de Atenção Básica do Ministério da Saúde, Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde e Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. A avaliação de utilização e cobertura restringiu-se aos dados de estado nutricional. Percentual de utilização refere-se ao número de municípios que alimentaram o sistema. Cobertura total foi definida como o percentual de indivíduos acompanhados pelo SISVAN-Web. Verificou-se que 324 municípios do RS alimentaram o aplicativo, correspondendo a um percentual de utilização de 65,3%. Observou-se em todas as CRS uma maior cobertura do sistema nas idades de 0 a 5 anos e 5 a 10 anos. Verificou-se relação significativa entre o percentual de utilização do SISVAN-Web e a cobertura da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) em cada CRS. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram baixos percentuais de utilização e cobertura do SISVAN-Web no Rio Grande do Sul em 2010.
Fatores associados ao excesso de peso em adultos usuários de restaurantes populares em Belo Horizonte, Brasil
Authors: Machado Ísis Eloah , Pereira Simone Cardoso Lisboa , Dias Júnior Cláudio Santiago , Abreu Mery Natali Silva , Borges Angélica Marques , Filgueiras Jullyane Hott
Published: June 2014

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar o estado nutricional dos usuários dos restaurantes e refeitório populares de Belo Horizonte e identificar fatores associados ao excesso de peso. Estudo analítico transversal, conduzido em adultos de ambos os sexos, nos restaurantes e refeitório populares de Belo Horizonte. O excesso de peso, variável dependente, foi diagnosticado por meio do índice de massa corporal (IMC > 25 kg/m2) e correlacionado com as variáveis sociodemográficas e nível de atividade física. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da aferição direta do peso e da altura e de questionário semiestruturado. Participaram do estudo 1334 indivíduos, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 42,9% entre os homens e 45,8% entre as mulheres. Os fatores positivamente associados ao excesso de peso foram: maior idade para ambos os sexos, possuir parceiro para as mulheres e menor prática de atividade física e classe socioeconômica mais elevada para os homens. A identificação dos fatores associados ao excesso de peso revela a necessidade da implantação de uma programação sistemática e eficaz de educação alimentar e nutricional para a prevenção e a remediação desse agravo, para que os restaurantes populares cumpram seu objetivo.
Elderly victims of falls seen by prehospital care: gender differences
Authors: Meschial William Campo , Soares Dorotéia Fátima Pelissari de Paula , Oliveira Nelson Luiz Batista de , Nespollo Alice Milani , Silva Wesley Alexandre da , Santil Fernando Luiz de Paula
Published: June 2014

OBJECTIVE: To identify elderly who are victims of falls, according to gender, who received care from prehospital services of Maringá, Paraná. METHODS: A cross-sectional exploratory study carried out with 1,444 elderly patients who suffered falls in Maringá in the period from 2006 to 2008. Data were gathered from prehospital care services, typed and processed using the Epi Info 6.04d(r). The χ² test was used to compare the falls in relation to gender (significance level = 0.05). RESULTS: The number of falls according to gender presented similar percentages, 51.0% for males and 49.0% for females. Significant differences between genders were observed regarding age (p < 0.001), presence of alcohol breath (p < 0.001), type of fall (p < 0.001), place of fall (p < 0.001), treatment at hospital (p = 0.023), number of injuries (p = 0.014), type of injury (p < 0.001) and injury location (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: These results show that falls happen differently among the elderly when considering gender. It highlights the importance of understanding these differences in detail and the circumstances in which the fall occurred, since this knowledge is key to plan preventive actions.
Identification of common content between the questionnaire of the Health Survey (ISA-SP) and the International Classification of Functionality, Disability, and Health
Authors: Castro Shamyr Sulyvan , Castaneda Luciana , Silveira Heitor
Published: June 2014

The purpose of this paper was to identify the common contents between São Paulo's Health Survey Questionnaire (Physical Disability and Emotional Health Blocks) and the International Classification of Functionality, Disability, and Health. The first stage of the research consisted of the search for the modules of São Paulo's Health Survey, which addressed the issue of disability, and the passages about this theme were highlighted and inserted into a new file. In the second stage, the significant contents were extracted. In the last one, these contents were codified to the codes of the International Classification of Functionality, Disability, and Health by two independent researchers. For the descriptive statistical analysis, crude numbers, percentages, and simple frequencies were used. The degree of agreement between the two professionals was calculated using Kappa's coefficient and the confidence interval. The most common domains were those about functions and body structures and about activities and participation, in which the domain of environmental factors presented a lower frequency of approach.
Is the negative evaluation of dental services among the Brazilian elderly population associated with the type of service?
Authors: Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Jardim Lorena Amaral , Souza João Gabriel Silva , Rodrigues Carlos Alberto Quintão , Ferreira Raquel Conceição , Pordeus Isabela Almeida
Published: June 2014

This study aimed at identifying the prevalence of the negative evaluation of dental services among elderly Brazilians and at investigating whether the prevalence was higher among those using public or philanthropic provider services than among those paying privately or using private health plans. Additionally, factors associated with this negative assessment were identified. Interview and survey data were collected in the residences of participants by trained and calibrated examiners as part of a national epidemiological survey of oral health conditions of the Brazilian population in 2002/2003. The dependent variable was obtained in response to questions regarding whether the participant had ever used dental services, the frequency of use, and the quality of this service. Potential responses to the questions regarding the quality of service were very poor or poor, fair, and good or very good. The main independent variable was the system of health care used with potential responses being health plan or private, public, and philanthropic services. We conducted univariate (linear tendency χ2test) and multiple descriptive analyses, and the partial proportional Odds model for ordinal logistic regression. Among the elderly, 196 (3.7%) evaluated the provided services negatively (very poor or poor). Participants with the following responses were more likely to evaluate the services negatively: those who had used public or philanthropic services, men, those with higher education, the ones who had not received information about preventing dental problems, those who perceived pain in their teeth and gums in the last six months, and those who self-reported their oral health and speech was poor. In conclusion, elderly Brazilian users of public and philanthropic services were more likely than users of private or insurance-based plans to evaluate their dental services negatively, regardless of the other investigated variables.