bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Al2O3 Particle Size on Mullite Formation by In-Situ Reaction of Aluminosilicate Castables
Authors: Guo A , Xiang Y B , Zhao S X , Si Y C , Gu Q , Wang Z M
Published: November 2019

The total output of unshaped refractories has been increasing in recent years due to its short production cycle, safety and energy saving, good integrity and so on. Among them, aluminosilicate castables have been widely used. In order to improve the high temperature properties of castable, Al2O3 micro powder and SiO2 micro powder are usually used. However, few researchers have reported the effect of particle size in matrix on in-situ formation of mullite. In this paper, a mass dissolution rate model and a solution nucleation shrinkage model are established based on the control of the rate of in-situ mullite formation, which takes place by the dissolution of Al2O3 to the liquid phase formed by melting of SiO2 powder containing impurities at high temperature.The results show that with the increase of Al2O3 particle size, the mass dissolution rate of independent particles was accelerated, and the nuclear shrinkage rate of Al2O3 particles decreased fastest when the particle size is 1-10μm. The dissolution rate increases with the increase of service temperature. Moreover, the complete dissolution time is shortened with the decrease of particle size of Al2O3. When the particle size is 80μm, it takes 100.31 seconds for a single particle to dissolve completely, but only 1.00 second when the particle size of Al2O3 decreases to 8μm.
Preparation of Fe-Diopside Matrix Composites from Iron Tailings and Fly Ash
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Li Baowei , Ouyang Shunli , Zhang Yuxuan
Published: November 2019

Iron-diopside matrix composites were prepared by using iron tailings, fly ash and iron powder as main raw materials. The samples with iron contents of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% were investigated and compared with the basic ceramic which without iron addition. By using the methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), flexural strength test, the phase identification, microstructure and mechanical properties of samples were determined. The results show that the optimum addition amount of iron is 40%, under the sintering temperature1200°C and holding time 90min, the main phase of the samples is diopside, iron and a small amount of quartz. The morphology of diopside is found to be columnar crystals. The sample prepared under these conditions has the maximum flexural strength of 140MPa, which is 105.9% higher than that of the basic ceramic, with a density of 3.6g/cm3. A new method of preparing composites from solid wastes has been developed.
Tensile Properties of HDCC for Repairing Hydraulic Discharge Structures
Authors: Chen Bo , Guo Li-Ping , Chen Zheng-Kai , Ding Cong
Published: November 2019

To develop high ductility cementitious composites (HDCC) for repairing hydraulic discharge structures, the effect of water-binder ratio, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber content, and fly ash content on the tensile properties of HDCC was studied. The results show that with increase in water-binder ratio and/or fly ash content, the ultimate tensile strain of HDCC increases gradually, while the ultimate tensile stress and the initial cracking stress decrease. With different fiber contents, the tensile stress-strain curves of HDCC coincide in the linear elastic stage, and the initial cracking stresses are roughly the same; with increase in fiber content, the ultimate tensile strain and ultimate tensile strength increase gradually. Based on these results, the appropriate mix proportions for the HDCC material were determined for repairing hydraulic discharge structures.
Preparation and Characterization of Loess/Polyacrylamide Composites
Authors: He Yufeng , Guo Junhui , Wang Fawei , He Wenjuan , Wang Rongmin
Published: November 2019

Using a kind of rich soil in the world, loess soil (LS), as natural silicate minerals materials, a novel low-cost inorganic / synthetic polymer composite, loess/polyacrylamide composite (LS/PAM), was prepared by in-situ polymerization of acrylamide. The obtained LS/PAM composite was characterized by infrared spectra (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that polyacrylamide (PAM) was uniformly composited with loess particles successfully.
Antimicrobial Mechanism and Biosafety Evaluation of PdO Modified WO3
Authors: Zhang Jingtao , Yuan Mingming , Du Juan , Liu Xing , Wang Xueying , Zhang Bei , Liu Shurui
Published: November 2019

In this study, PdO loaded WO3 composite was synthesized by precipitation method, followed by calcination. The as-synthesized composite was characterized and the photocatalytic disinfection of Escherichia coli was tested under visible light-irradiation. The characterization results showed that the PdO nanoparticles decorated on the surface of the WO3. The antibacterial test demonstrated that the as-synthesized material with 100:1 mole ratio of W:Pd and calcined at 200°C have the highest efficiency. After visible light irradiation of a short time, about 25 min, almost all of the tested E. coli cells were inactivated. Antimicrobial mechanism, revealed by scavengers of reactive oxygen species, demonstrated that the antibacterial activity was primarily due to the oxidation of photo-generated hole. And the oxidation-reduction reaction of superoxide radical and hydroxyl free radicals were assisted for the photo-disinfection of bacteria. Furthermore, the biosafety of the PdO/WO3 composite was evaluated by analysing the viability of Chinese hamster lung (V79) cells using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8).
Variable Leading Edge with Adaptive Thermal Barriers and Its Heat Transfer Behaviour
Authors: Yang X K , Xing G N , Dong Y P , Guo A R , Xu X J , Liu J C
Published: November 2019

At present, the hypersonic vehicles cannot be adapted to all the flight phases perfectly, and the aerodynamic heating and lift - to - drag ratio are contradictory to the shape of the vehicles. From the perspective of aerodynamic heating, a blunt shaped body is desired to reduce the heat flow of the hypersonic vehicles. However, the lift - to - drag ratio demands a sharp leading edge. In this paper, a scheme of variable leading edge which could satisfy with both the requirements of aerodynamic heating and lift-to-drag ratio was investigated, and an adaptive thermal barrier was proposed based on the features of the variable leading edge hot structure. According to the heat flux calculated from a certain trajectory by computational fluid dynamics, the heat transfer behaviour of the variable leading edge with adaptive thermal barriers was analyzed by the finite element method. The results indicated that the temperature peak of the panel reached 1428.2 K at 400 s, temperature of the adaptive thermal barriers approached 1418.4 K at 420 s, and the temperature of the internal insulation increased to 667.86 K finally. At the end of trajectory, temperature distribution in the thermal barrier and internal insulation tended to be balanced respectively, which exhibited an excellent thermal property and a promising prospect in complex environment..
Temperature Dependence of Thermal Conductivity of Boron Carbide at Intermediate and High Temperature
Authors: Liu Zhaocen , Qu Zhixue , Sun Yuan
Published: November 2019

The temperature dependence of thermal conductivity of boron carbide (B4C) at intermediate and high temperature was investigated in this paper. The variation of the inverse phonon mean free path with temperature as well as the density and grain size was investigated to reveal the thermal conduction mechanism of boron carbide. The results show that B4C undergoes a transition of thermal conduction mechanisms at certain temperature within the range from 473 K to 673K. The transition temperature is just half of the calculated Debye temperature of B4C. Furthermore, the transition of thermal conduction mechanisms is independent from the density and grain size.
Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Water-Soluble ZnS Quantum Dots for Biomarkers
Authors: Wang Xiaoxuan , Dai Wen , Duo Shuwang , Jiang Xingyu , Wu Haoshuang , Min Wei , Zheng Ziling , Chen Zhong
Published: November 2019

In this work, we investigated the effects of the surfactant L-cysteine (L-cys) and folic acid (FA) on photoluminescence (PL) properties, water-solubility and biotoxicity of ZnS quantum dots (QDs). It was found that capping L-cys improved the water-solubility of ZnS QDs. The emission intensity of ZnS QDs was found to be also enhanced after capping with Lcys, The maximum emission intensity of ZnS capped with L-cys QDs was about 4.5 times stronger than the uncapped ZnS QDs. FA decreased the PL intensity of L-cys/ZnS QDs and increased water-solubility the of L-cys/ZnS QDs. The L-cys/ZnS and FA@ L-cys/ZnS quantum dots were proved to be nontoxic by the MTT assay.
The Effect of Y3+Doping on CaTiO3-LaAlO3Microwave Dielectric Ceramics
Authors: Luo Jieyu , Li Yueming , Li Zhike , Shen Zongyang , Wang Zhumei , Pu Qinheng
Published: November 2019

CaTiO3-LaAlO3solid solution with perovskite structure has suitable relative permittivity (εr) and high quality factor (Q×f) for application as dielectric resonators, but the negative value of the temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (τf) affects its utilization. To improve dielectric properties and adjust lattice matching, Y3+ion was selected as doping element to prepare the 0.65CaTiO3-0.35(La1-xYx)AlO3(x=0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 ) microwave dielectric ceramics by conventional mixed solid method. The effects of Y3+ion doping on the crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties were investigated. The results revealed that a single orthorhombic phase for all the compositions can form and the unit cell volume increases linearly with the doping contentx. Y3+ion dopant can increase the quality factor and improve the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency of 0.65CaTiO3-0.35LaAlO3ceramics. Whenx= 0.02, the optimal microwave dielectric properties ofεr=45.8,Q×f= 38957 GHz, andτf= 4×10−6/oC for the 0.65CaTiO3-0.35(La1-xYx)AlO3ceramics could be obtained, which sintered at 1500 °C for 5 h.
Circuit Modelling for Dielectric Layers in Electrowetting Devices
Authors: Yu Kun , Wang Weiqiang
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we present an electromechanical model for the electrowetting based micro-droplet driving device. We developed an equivalent circuit for this microfluidic device by using the method of lumped parameter electromechanics. The voltage distributions across the device dielectric layer and the droplet were calculated based on the model. The actuation force for the parallel-plate device was derived according to the principle of virtual work. Based on the force calculation, we studied the effects of droplet conductivity, dielectric constant, and the electric field frequencies on the electrical force exerted on the liquid droplet.
Preparation and Characterization of Glass Ceramics Containing SrTiO3
Authors: Zhu Xiaowei , Zou Xiangyu , Zhang Hongbo , Song Qiong , Su Chunhui
Published: November 2019

The glass ceramics containing SrTiO3 crystals were successfully synthesized by high temperature melting crystallization. The optimum technological formula was determined by orthogonal experiment. The heat treatment system of the glass samples were determined by differential scanning calorimeter analysis (DSC). The effects of heat treatment temperature and time on crystal formation and grain size were discussed in detail. The ideal heat treatment condition is at 950°C for 3h. The microstructure and phase structure of glass ceramics were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction respectively, which indicate that SrTiO3 crystal were precipitated uniformly in the glass matrix.
Study on High-Temperature Synthesis Ejecting Technique of ZnO Nanomaterials
Authors: Tang Xiangjun , Li Junshou , Zhao Fang , Han Kai , Song Bin
Published: November 2019

ZnO nanomaterials were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis ejecting technique with Al, Cu2O, ZnO and SnO power reagents as raw materials. The structure and morphology were characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR methods. The synthesis mechanism of ZnO nanomaterials was discussed. The results showed that single ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite structure was prepared by high-temperature combustion synthesis ejecting method. The products exhibited nanowire morphology, accompanied by granular and flaky morphologies. According to the analysis, the formation mechanism of ZnO nanomaterials is as follows: The reactant is heated to the molten liquid state by exothermic reaction of thermite powder, a self-ejecting system consisting of porous film with high melting point and low density, molten substances to be prepared and ejecting additives is formed by utilizing the difference of specific gravity and melting point between compounds. The substances to be prepared are ejected through the holes of the porous film by the gas released from the ejecting additives, and finally nanomaterials are obtained.
Electromechanical Properties and Temperature Stability of 1-3 Type PZT/Epoxy Piezoelectric Composite
Authors: Liu Dakang , Yao Weizeng , Zhou Chunming , Zhang Jialiang
Published: November 2019

1-3 type PZT5H/epoxy composites were fabricated via dice and fill method, by which the PZT5H ceramic blocks were processed into a series of rod arrays with kerf width of 120 μm ∼ 260 μm and pillar width of 120 μm ∼ 450 μm. Proper thickness was chosen to guarantee that the aspect ratio (height/width) is higher than 3. Piezoelectric properties of the 1-3 composites as a function of ceramic volume fraction and aspect ratio were investigated. The resultant composites show high piezoelectric coefficient d
33>500p C/N, low mechanical quality factor Q
m = 2.9 ∼ 7.7, enhanced electromechanical coupling coefficient k
t=0.66∼0.74 and low acoustic impedance Z = 9 ∼ 17 Mrayl, as well as a good temperature stability in the investigated temperature range from -50°C to 150°C.
Electrical Properties of La and Sm Co-Doped SrTiO3 for Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductor
Authors: Shan Ke , Zhai Fengrui , Li Nan , Yi Zhong-Zhou
Published: November 2019

The mixed conductor materials La0.3Sr0.7SmxTi1-xO3-δwas prepared via sol-gel method. The influence of Sm content on the electrical properties of La, Sm co-doping SrTiO3 was investigated. Sm-doping increased the sinterability of La0.3Sr0.7SmxTi1-xO3-δ. With the Sm-doping increasing, the total electrical conductivity and the ionic conductivity of La0.3Sr0.7SmxTi1-xO3-δ increased. The optimized La0.3Sr0.7Sm0.08Ti0.92O3-δ sample exhibits the total electrical conductivity in the order of 0.132-0.315 S·cm−1 at 500-900°C. The ionic conductivity for La0.3Sr0.7Sm0.08Ti0.92O3-δ was 9.22×10−3 S·cm−1 and increased about 266% compared with La0.3Sr0.7Sm0.04Ti0.96O3-δ at 950°C. The possible charge compensation mechanism in La0.3Sr0.7SmxTi1-xO3-δ was discussed.
Synthesis, Microstruture and Electromagnetic Performance of NixZn1-xFe2O4 Ferrites with Different Ni/Zn Ratios Prepared by a Novel Molten Salt Method
Authors: Yang Pao , Qi Hongbin , Peng Zhijian , Fu Xiuli
Published: November 2019

NixZn1-xFe2O4 ferrites (x=0.0∼1.0 with a step of 0.1) were prepared by a novel molten salt method. The effects of Ni/Zn ratio on the microstructure and electromagnetic performance of the acquired ferrites were investigated. All the samples are composed of a pure ferrite with cubic spinel structure, and their microstructures are quite homogeneous. With the increase of Ni content, the lattice constant of the samples decreases, the grain size fluctuates in a very narrow range around 2.0 μm, and the saturation magnetization firstly increases and then decreases, presenting the maximum value with x=0.6, while the coercivity basically displays an inverse trend to the saturation magnetization. In the frequency range from 1 M to 1 GHz, the initial permeability of the acquired NixZn1-xFe2O4 ferrites decreases, the cut-off frequency increases, and the magnetic loss decreases with increasing Ni content.
Influence of Annealing Temperature and Time on Phase Component of 8YSZ Powders Prepared by APS
Authors: Zhao Xiaohui , Wang Ziyuan , Pan Wei
Published: November 2019

6∼8wt% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) ceramic powders with high t’ phase content could be obtained by air plasma spraying (APS). However, a small amount of high-temperature c phase was contained in APS-8YSZ due to the fast cooling rate, which was required to be transformed into the t’ phase through heat treatment. In this study, APS-8YSZ powders were annealed at 1000-1200°C for 30-150 min to investigate the influence of annealing temperature and time on the phase components of APS-8YSZ powders. As a result, the suitable heat treatment conditions are determined by analyzing the phase constitutions of annealed powders through XRD and multi-peak fitting, wherein, the optimal annealing parameter is 1000°C for 90 min. Besides, dense 8YSZ bulk ceramics with pure t’ phase and fine-grained structure were prepared by SPS at 1300°C for 5min.
Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of TiN Coatings Deposited by Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Zhang Hao , Chang Weijie , Long Lin , Hu Jinkang , Li Xiangrui , Li Jun , Duo Shuwang
Published: November 2019

TiN coatings were successfully prepared by closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering (CFUBMS) in this study. The microstructure, composition, phase structure, hardness and adhesion of TiN coating were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, and nanoindentation/scratch techniques, respectively. Emphatically, the oxidation behaviors of TiN coating were analyzed and discussed at 550, 600 and 650°C, respectively. Results showed that TiN coatings are golden with loose pyramidal structure, and the phases in TiN coating are mostly TiN and a small amount of Ti. The hardness, elastic modulus and bonding strength of TiN coating are about 23 GPa, 288 GPa and 35 N, respectively. The isothermal oxidation tests in a thermal analyzer at 550°C and 650°C for 19 h suggested that TiN coating has better oxidation resistance at 550°C because it was approximately intact at 550°C. However, the oxidation experiments in a muffle furnace at 600°C and 650°C for only 10 h indicated that TiN coatings were slightly oxidized. Therefore, above 600°C, TiN coating will fail due to the formation of the brittle rutile TiO2 as the oxidation time increases.
Al Content Effects on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Cr/CrN/CrAlN Multilayer Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Zhang Xue , Chang Weijie , Zhang Hao , Zhou Zichao , Xie Shengliang , Duo Shuwang
Published: November 2019

In this study, four Cr/CrN/CrAlN multilayer nanocomposite coatings with various Al content controlled by Al target power were successfully prepared on 316L stainless steels by plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering (PEMS). The surface morphology, chemical composition, phase structure and surface roughness of the coatings were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD and AFM, respectively. The micro-hardness, Young’s modulus and adhesion of the coatings were measured by nano-indentation and nano-scratch, respectively. The friction and wear behavior of the coatings was investigated by a friction and wear tester. The effects of Al content on the microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of the coatings were studied in detail. Results show that Al content in coatings increased with the increase of Al target power. The coatings exhibited the NaCl crystal structure. As the Al content increased, the hardness, Young’s modulus, bonding force and wear resistance of the coatings increased first and then decreased. The Cr/CrN/CrAlN coating with Al content of 37.8% has the optimal comprehensive properties.
Manufacturing of Electrical Dryer Machine for Food and Fruit Products
Authors: Efendi Adhan , Nugraha Aditya , Baharta Ridwan
Published: November 2019

Indonesia is a country with a tropical climate that has two seasons, namely the dry season and the rainy season. In the dry season, sun drying is the most widely used method for agricultural products. In the rainy season, people who open businesses in the food processing sector have difficulty predicting uncertain weather. The community needs solar thermal energy to dry food ingredients in the form of opak, tubers, fruits, etc. In the rainy season, the value of production has decreased. This study aims to create a drying machine that can help people to dry various types of food and fruit products. The research was carried out in several stages, namely field observation, literature study, design, manufacturing, and performance testing. The study states that: (1) the manufacturing process of electrical machine dryer was done in three stages: the initial stage, advanced stage, and the final stage. (2) the trial of an electrical dryer machine was used to dry opak and banana. Data obtained in the form of opak before drying weighs 3.4 ounces and after drying to 2.2 ounces. Whereas the banana before drying weighs 7.3 ounces and after drying to 4.5 ounces; (3) electrical dryer machine is very helpful in the process of drying food processed products in Subang Regency. Keywords: manufacturing, electrical dryer machine, opak and banana.
Reliability Analysis of Belt Conveyor Based on Fault Data
Authors: Li Meiyan , Yingqian SUN , Luo Chuan
Published: November 2019

In order to improve the accuracy of the reliable analysis of the belt conveyor, based on the belt conveyor fault data, firstly fit the probability density distribution function of the belt conveyor fault interval time. According to the characteristics of the fault data, it is inferred that it may obey the Weibull three-parameter distribution. The Weibull distribution model is obtained by combining the least squares method with the correlation coefficient method, and the accuracy of the model is verified by d test. Finally, the reliability of the belt conveyor is analysed, and the measures to improve the reliability of the belt conveyor are given, which provides a theoretical basis for the daily maintenance of the belt conveyor.
Manufacturable Gradient-Variable Cellular Structures Design
Authors: Li Gang , Yao Yuan
Published: November 2019

Topology optimization (TO) has been widely used in the field of additive manufacturing (AM), but the structure designed by the density-based optimization method has obvious material gradient and complex internal structures, which are difficult to be directly manufactured with specific process. This paper proposes a multi-scale design method for designing cellular structure with topology optimization. Firstly, micro units with variable density are designed to support smooth interconnections. Then, we provide a assembling method to generate models with density distributions similar to topology optimization method, while guarantee the manufacturability of the structures. The experimental results show that the generated model does not need support in fabrication, and retains the optimized mechanical properties, which can be used as a TO based fill pattern for 3D printing.
Research on Motion Characteristics of Single Particle Third Body in Braking Process Based on W-M Fractal Feature
Authors: Sha Zhihua , Ru Guotao , Yin Jian , Liu Yu , Ma Fujian , Yang Dapeng , Zhang Shengfang
Published: November 2019

In order to explore the motion characteristics of the third body particle in the friction of the rough braking interface, based on W-M fractal theory and elastoplastic mechanics theory, the finite element model of the three body micro-extrusion shearing process of rough contact surface is established. The influence of the braking parameters on the motion characteristics of the single-particle third body is analyzed. The analysis results show that the three body contact steady state increases with the increase of brake pressure, and the shear speed affects the three body contact vibration. An increase in the friction factor accelerates the third body discharge friction gap to exacerbate the wear condition.
Study on Thermal Erosion Process of SiCp/Al Composite Material in EDM
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Bingchao , Zhang Wenchao , Zhang Shengfang , Ma Fujian , Yang Dapeng , Sha Zhihua
Published: November 2019

SiCp/Al composites are composed of two different material properties of aluminium matrix and SiC particles. In order to deeply study the erosion process of SiCp/Al composite in EDM, a single pulse discharge model of SiCp/Al composites was established. The melting and solidification model and the volume of fluid (VOF) model in Fluent software were used to simulate the thermal erosion process of EDM. The change of temperature field and the formation of molten pool in the heating process of SiC particles and Al matrix are analysed. The number of SiC particles in molten pool is counted and analysed, and the number of SiC particles in molten pool was counted, the simulation results were verified by the single pulse EDM experiments. The results show that the depth-diameter ratio of the molten pool increases with the increase of the pulse width, and decreases with the increase of the peak current. The number of melted particles in molten pool is basically unchanged.
Simulation Study on Cutting Force and Cutting Temperature in Turning of Titanium Alloy
Authors: Yang Dapeng , Yu Liu , Fujian Ma , Zhihua Sha , Zhang Shengfang
Published: November 2019

The objective of this paper is to study the cutting force and cutting temperature in turning of titanium alloy. The simulation of cutting force and cutting temperature by finite element simulation software ABAQUS is conducted. The orthogonal experiment is designed. The influence of various factors on cutting force and cutting temperature is obtained. A prediction model of cutting temperature and cutting force is obtained by performing multiple linear regression analysis on the data obtained from orthogonal experiments.
A Study on the Design Approach and Theory for the Hydrostatic Propulsion Drive System of a Tamping Machine
Authors: Wang Wenlin , Cai Xiong
Published: November 2019

With the fast developing of modern high-speed railways, it is urgent and meaningful to introduce effective design approach and theory for advanced railcar development. A design approach and theory for the hydrostatic propulsion drive system of a tamping machine is proposed in this study, the design approach and theory includes the overall design method, specification of the hydraulic pump and motor, the optimally matching of the hydraulic pump and diesel engine and the force equilibrium verification. A design case study is finally conducted and a series of good performance validates the effectiveness of the proposed design approach and theory: the designed closed-type hydrostatic propulsion drive system is smaller and more integrated in configuration, and is with high efficiency; the designed system is stable and fast in dynamic response with acceptable overshoot and errors, the displacement performance of the tamping machine is satisfactory for its cyclic tamping operations, and the tamping machine has also got a wide scope for high-speed mobility with satisfactory acceleration performance. Thus, the proposed design approach and theory in this work will be instructive for further tamping machine product development and design optimizations.
Structural Topology Optimization of Cantilever Crane Boom Based on Equivalent Moving Load Method
Authors: Yin Jian , Zhang Shengfang , Liu Yu , Sha Zhihua , Ma Fujian , Yang Dapeng , Yuan Dongfang
Published: November 2019

As a key structure in the process of lifting heavy objects by cantilever cranes, the boom is of great significance. When the cantilever crane carries heavy objects, the load on the boom is a typical moving load. The traditional structural optimization method cannot fully consider the influence of the moving load on the structure. Based on the variable density structure topology optimization method, the equivalent moving load method is proposed to transform the motion of heavy objects on the boom into multiple equivalent working conditions. And according to the structural characteristics and motion form of the boom, the weight coefficient of every equivalent working conditions is assigned. The number of equivalent moving loads is determined in the form of multiple growth, and finally the lightweight cantilever crane boom structure is obtained, which is 32.08% lighter than the original structure, thus verifying the structural topology based on the equivalent moving load method proposed in this paper. The feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization method are also provided for other structural optimization that are subject to moving loads.
Research on Machining Fixture Layout Optimization for Near-Net-Shaped Jet Engine Blade
Authors: Zhang Kaiyao , Wu Dongbo , Wang Jiao
Published: November 2019

The design of machining fixture layout optimization for near-net-shaped jet engine blade is a major problem in the blade processing and manufacturing process. In this paper, the mathematical model of machining fixture layout optimization is established, and the influence of the clamping point position on the machining deformation of the blade-fixture system is analysed. Firstly, the mathematical model of machining fixture layout optimization is established according to the process requirements and clamping characteristics. Secondly, the positioning clamp points of machining fixture is optimized by the combination of finite element analysis (FEA) and genetic algorithm under the optimization target of the minimum value of the maximum deformation of the blade. Finally, cutting experiments are carried out to verify the reliability of the optimal layout fixtures, and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified by comparing with the minimum value obtained by the traditional Monte Carlo statistical method.
Calculation of the Energy Complex Based on a Steam Gas Installation Assessment of the Parameters of the Contour of the Auxiliary Steam Power Plant Installation
Authors: Gaev E.S. , Panshin R.A. , Shimanov A.A. , Tereshchenko O.V. , Shatochin E.V. , Uglanov D.A.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we calculate the parameters of the energy complex on liquefied natural gas (LNG), which serves for the gasification of LNG with its further utilization in the circuit of a steam turbine plant, during operation of which additional electrical energy is generated. We evaluate the effectiveness of regasification of cryoproducts and evaluate the potential of using Cold Energy.

Various schemes of power plants using Cold Energy are considered. The parameters and characteristics of the combined-cycle plant consisting of the gas-turbine circuit and the steam-turbine circuit are calculated. The coefficient of cryoproduct energy return (liquefied natural gas) of the considered schemes is calculated and and based on the data obtained, the most optimal one is selected.
Calculation and Determination of Energy Parameters of the Mini-CHP on the Basis of the Heat Pump
Authors: Grinuk U.I. , Panshin R.A. , Shimanov A.A. , Tereshchenko O.V. , Uglanov D.A.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the calculation and determination of the parameters of a mini-CHP on the basis of a heat pump is carried out, using four different plant diagrams as the power supply for the heat pump. Thermodynamic calculation of the heat pump. Calculation of the efficiency of the heat pump. Analysis of structural schemes for generating electricity using micro-thermal power plants and based on heat pumps A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various schemes with mini-CHP. An assessment of the capital costs of installation, operation and determination of the payback period of the mini-CHP on the basis of a heat pump with various plant diagrams is carried out and the most economically advantageous scheme is selected. The practical application of the studied structural schemes is evaluated.
Research on Performance of Terrain Matching Algorithm for Underwater Autonomous Vehicle Based on Particle Filter
Authors: Jian Shen , Lu Xiong , Ning Ba
Published: November 2019

AUV is a powerful tool for exploration and development of marine resources. Underwater terrain matching navigation is an emerging passive autonomous navigation method, which improves the long-term and high-precision navigation capability of AUV. The underwater terrain matching algorithm based on particle filter (PF) use a large number of particle sampling to approximate the system state, which can avoid the Taylor expansion truncation error caused by the terrain linearization method, and has good matching precision and terrain adaptability. However, due to the strong nonlinearity and the uneven distribution of the underwater terrain features, it is difficult to achieve the full-range terrain matching optimize with a single configuration parameter of PF underwater terrain matching algorithm. For this reason, this paper has comprehensively studied the PF terrain matching algorithm (referred to as PF matching algorithm). The principle, accuracy and implementation steps of PF algorithm are analyzed. With the UKF algorithm as a reference, the advantages and disadvantages of PF-based algorithm are studied through computer simulation of terrain matching navigation. The matching precision and terrain adaptability of PF-based algorithm has been tested. From the simulation results, it is concluded that the particle diversity decline is one of the main factors affecting the matching performance, which provides a basis for algorithm performance improvement and engineering adaptability improvement.
Rolling Bearings Fault Diagnosis Using VMD and Multi-tree Mahalanobis Taguchi System
Authors: Zhan Jun , Cheng Longsheng , Peng Zhaiming
Published: November 2019

In order to effectively identify the various faults of rolling bearings and the severity of the faults, an intelligent fault diagnosis system based on variational mode decomposition and multi-tree Mahalanobis Taguchi system with multiple mahalanobis distance was proposed. Vibration signals were decomposed into multiple BLIMFs by variational mode decomposition, and time domain and frequency domain features were extracted. The multiple mahalanobis distance method was used to solve the problem of many features in the diagnosis system. By using the advantages of Mahalanobis Taguchi system in features optimization, sensitive modal components for diagnosis and recognition were selected. Multi-tree Mahalanobis Taguchi system was constructed for intelligent identification of multiple fault states. Finally, rolling bearings fault data was tested to verify the accuracy of the algorithm and compared with other algorithms. The results show that the algorithm can simplify the diagnosis system, reduce training time and improve the recognition accuracy.
Coupling Analysis of Multi-Physical Field of High-Speed Motorized Spindle Based on Fractal Contact Theory
Authors: Xue Shufei , Wang Jianhua , Yang Congbin , Liu Zhifeng
Published: November 2019

In order to improve the modeling accuracy of the motorized spindle, a comprehensive thermal contact resistance (TCR) modeling method was proposed. The fractal theory was introduced to calculate the joint thermal contact resistance. The W-M function and the M-B fractal model were established to characterize the microscopic contour of the rough surface. The bulk thermal resistance, constrained thermal resistance, micro-gap thermal resistance and overall thermal contact resistance of the rough surface of different materials were discussed. The finite element method(FEM)was used to establish the multi-physics coupling analysis model of the motorized spindle, adding the theoretical calculation of thermal contact resistance in the joint surface of the motorized spindle. The temperature rise and deformation variation of the motorized spindle were simulated under the condition of thermal contact resistance. The simulation results demonstrate the influence of thermal contact resistance on the temperature and thermal deformation of the motorized spindle. The results show that when the thermal resistance of the high-speed motorized spindle is considered, the temperature rises and the deformation increases, and the accuracy of the model is more accurate, which is closer to the actual processing.
Distributed Architecture Optimal Design for Aircraft Thrust Management System with Safety Method
Authors: Zhang Wei , Gao Yakui
Published: November 2019

In order to ensure the safety and reliability of aircraft thrust management system design and reduce the risk of engineering development, the distributed optimization architecture design based on the aircraft safety method for thrust management system has been put forward in this paper. First, the thrust management function requirement is analysed; second, the distributed architecture design method for thrust management is presented by following the SAE ARP4754 and ARP4761; then the automatic take-off thrust control system function which is not available in Airbus and Boeing civil aircraft thrust management architecture is designed by using this method. The results show that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective. The usage efficiency of airborne computer is improved and the aircraft weight is decreased, which greatly enhanced the safety and reliability of aircraft thrust management system.
Design of Adaptive Camouflage System Based on SOPC
Authors: Ce LI , Yimeng ZHU , Ran LI
Published: November 2019

With the development of electrochromic devices, the requirements for the accuracy and real-time performance of control devices are constantly increasing. For the reliability problems of single-chip microcomputer control technology, through the SOPC development platform, based on the Cydone IV core chip, the hardware design is completed by itself. The Quartus II integrated development environment is used to tailor the NIOSII real-time operating system, to achieve data collection and control. The signal is filtered using an FIR filter. The designed system has the characteristics of real-time, stability, scalability, low power consumption, etc., and can adaptively control the MOFs-based flexible electrochromic device.
Inclusive Design of Teaching Aids for Social Science Learning Process for Elementary and Middle School Students based on Creative Mini PC Raspberry Technology
Authors: Suzianti A , Mubarak A , Edrisy F , Sausan A R , Lalita C N , Usman X
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this activity is to educate students and teachers with the inclusive board game invention as a learning tool for memorizing subjects for elementary to high school students. This product answers the problem for the difficulty of students remembering and understanding social science teaching materials. There are two approaches to the Learning Board Game teaching method, the first is visualization of social science teaching materials through interactive videos integrated with images according to subjects and screens and the second is gamification through the elements of challenge and fantasy by answering questions to get rewards cards or marking as a marker gets points. This product was developed with the New Product Development (NPD) Process and uses the Stage-Gate Model. In this model, product design goes through various stages starting from discovery I idea generation to launch with each stage that functions as a quality-gate of product design.
Time Series Data Prediction Based on Sequence to Sequence Model
Authors: Yang Chao , Guo Zhongwen , Xian Lintao
Published: November 2019

Home appliance test is an essential part of the R&D process. However, since home appliance test must be carried out under certain circumstances, it makes the development cycle longer. If it is possible to predicting the home appliance test data, it will improve the efficiency of home appliance development. Sequence to sequence model has been proved that it has a strong ability to map the input sequence and output sequence and it has been widely used in machine translation tasks. In order to solve the home appliance test data prediction problem, we firstly tried to apply sequence to sequence model to predict numerically continuous time series data. Our experiments proved that our model can predict the data of relatively long-time steps when inputting data of relatively short time steps. In our experiment, the mean absolute percentage error of the prediction of our model is about 0.1%. Our approach has a strong generalization ability and performs well in different experimental scenarios. Finally, we believe that the sequence to sequence method performs satisfactorily on prediction problems for continuous time series data. With this model, we can obtain more accurate results than traditional methods and it is meaningful for the R&D of home appliances.
Enhanced Oil Recovery Technologies for Arctic and Siberian Regions
Authors: Altunina L K , Kuvshinov V A , Kuvshinov I V , Stasieva L A
Published: November 2019

The results of laboratory research, field testing and industrial use of physicochemical and integrated enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies for fields of Arctic and Siberian regions are presented. The EOR technologies are based on the concept of using reservoir energy to generate gels, sols and surfactant systems preserving in the reservoir a complex of properties that are optimal for the purposes of oil displacement. The technologies using gel-forming compositions and surfactant-based oil-displacing systems are applicable in extreme climatic conditions, effective in a wide range of geological and physical conditions and stages of field development, cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
Recent advances in Bisphenol A UV/H2O2 degradation
Authors: Bocharnikova E N , Tchaikovskaya O N , Chaidonova V S , Gómez M. , Murcia M. , Gómez J.
Published: November 2019

Compounds destroying the endocrine system are a dangerous class of pollutants that are found in aquatic environments such as surface, groundwater and sewage and landfills. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a known endocrine disruptor that is acutely toxic to living organisms. BPA is still used in the manufacture of sunscreen lotions, nail polishes, body cleansers, shaving creams and lotions, in addition to its long-known other industrial applications. The paper presents the results of studies on the photolysis of BPA from water using ultraviolet radiation and an oxidizing agent.
Comparative assessment of characteristics of industrial and laboratory highly-efficient samples of adsorbents-desiccants
Authors: Livanova A V , Sandu M P , Budaev Zh B , Meshcheryakov E P
Published: November 2019

The research results of the physicochemical characteristics, adsorption kinetics and the value of adsorptive capacity, with reference to water vapors, of industrial adsorbents-desiccants Alumac 2-5H, Alusorb 675 and experimental samples based on aluminum oxide, obtained by centrifugal thermal activation of hydrargillite with its subsequent hydration in mild conditions, are presented. It is demonstrated that modification by sodium cations during synthesis at the hydration stage or impregnation with hygroscopic salt (CaCl2) of the granules of synthesized aluminum oxide adsorbent allows obtaining desiccants with a higher value of dynamic capacity with respect to water vapors as compared to industrial adsorbents. The most balanced set of characteristics belongs to the aluminum oxide sample containing 0.6 % mass. of sodium, for which static capacity by water is higher than 20 g/100 g; the dynamic capacity value is at a level of 6.9 g/100 cm3, and the mechanical strength is 8.4 MPa.
Numerical investigation on burning rate of propane-air mixture
Authors: Moiseeva K M , Krainov A Yu , Krainov D A
Published: November 2019

The paper presents a physico-mathematical model and calculation of the burning rate of a propane-air mixture. The problem formulation includes the equations of mass, momentum and energy conservation for the gas, supplemented by the equations of the oxidizer and fuel mass conservation in the gas. Godunov’s scheme is used to solve the equation system of the model. The paper provides the result of the numerical simulation on the apparent and normal burning rates of the propane-air mixture. The obtained calculation results are in reasonably good agreement with the known studies of other authors.
Wall ceramic products based on aluminum silicate materials
Authors: Skripnikova N K , Potekaev A I , Shekhovtsov V V , Volokitin G G , Semenovykh M A , Volokitin O G
Published: November 2019

The paper focuses on wall ceramic products modified by vitrified aluminosilicate microspheres. It is shown that during phase transformations occurred in firing polymineral clays and vitrified microspheres, the formation of mullite- and anorthite-like compounds and gehlenite is observed within the 950–1050°C temperature range. The formation of such phases provides a synthesis of a strong aluminosilicate scaffold for ceramic materials.
The effect of mechanical treatment of TiNi powder on structure and phase composition
Authors: Abdulmenova E V , Kulkov S N
Published: November 2019

In this work, the study of the effect of mechanical treatment of TiNi powder on structure and phase composition is presented. The powder was processed in high-energy planetary ball mill for different time. It has been shown that the average particle size measured by scanning electron microscopy changes not monotonous after mechanical treatment, but form of particles changes. The coherently diffracting domain size decreases from 43 nm to 5 nm with increasing of mechanical treatment time that significantly less than the average particle size measured by laser diffraction method and the average particle size calculated from the obtained values of the specific surface. That is to say, the powder particles consist of several crystallites. The width of all peaks changes after 10 s of mechanical treatment that can correspond to an increasing of the defect density. The lattices parameters of all phases change not more than 0.8 % after mechanical treatment. Two processes compete during mechanical treatment, characterizing either brittleness or plasticity. Many defects appear during mechanical treatment stipulate a quasi-amorphous state with increasing of mechanical treatment time.
Kola Peninsula in solving problems of national arctic materials science
Authors: Nikolaev A I , Krivovichev S V
Published: November 2019

The Kola Peninsula is one of the most developed Arctic regions in Russia and in the world. Its share in the Russian production of apatite, nepheline, loparite and baddeleyite concentrates is 100%. The region produces up to 45% of nickel, and 13% of copper, and the majority of rare-earth metals, niobium, and titanium compounds from the regional minerals. The ores mined from the existing deposits can be used for production of up to 30 various concentrates. The materials produced from the regional minerals include metal nickel, cobalt, copper, titanium, niobium, rare-earth metals, steel; sealants, components of electrode coatings and welding fluxes, sorbents for disposal of radioactive waste and wastewater containing heavy non-ferrous metals and other contaminants, high-porous heat insulation and fire-resistant materials for arctic application, cement, concretes with improved resistance to frost and sea water. In satisfying demand for new materials, the first and foremost objective is to establish a pilot engineering base for adaptation of process flowsheets, and collection of data for design and construction of new operations. Successive implementation of this objective requires concentrated efforts of scientists and engineers focused on implementation of the Kola Chemical and Technological Cluster Project, which enables to improve significantly the economy of minerals use by means of products of their deep processing. At the first stage of the Cluster operation, a process of new titanium sorbents production will be established to solve environmental issues — treatment of non-ferrous metals industry wastewater from heavy metals, and processing of liquid radioactive waste accumulated in the Arctic zone of Russian Federation.