bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An infant with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus presenting with hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
Authors: Tao Katsuo , Awazu Midori , Honda Misa , Shibata Hironori , Mori Takayasu , Uchida Shinichi , Hasegawa Tomonobu , Ishii Tomohiro
Published: April 2021

We report a male infant with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) who presented with hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia since birth. Serum sodium started to increase at 39 days. Although there was no polyuria, urine osmolality was 71 mOsm/kg, when serum osmolality was 296 mOsm/kg with plasma arginine vasopressin 22.5 pg/mL. He was thus diagnosed as NDI. An undetectable level of urine calcium and unsuppressed intact parathyroid hormone suggested hyperparathyroidism including calcium-sensing receptor mutations that could cause hypercalcemia-induced NDI. Polyuria became apparent after the initiation of i.v. infusion for the treatment of hypernatremia. Low calcium and low sodium formula with hypotonic fluid infusion did not correct hypernatremia, hypercalcemia, or hyperphosphatemia. Hydrochlorothiazide and subsequently added celecoxib effectively decreased urine output and corrected electrolytes abnormalities. Normal serum electrolytes were maintained after the discontinuation of low calcium formula. The genetic analysis revealed a large deletion of the arginine vasopressin receptor-2 (AVPR2) gene but no pathogenic variant in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene. Whether hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia were caused by dehydration alone or in combination with other mechanisms remains to be clarified.

Learning points

Congenital NDI can present with neonatal hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia.

Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia can be treated with low calcium and low sodium formula, hydration, hydrochlorothiazide, and celecoxib.

Genetic testing is sometimes necessary in the differentiating diagnosis of hypercalcemia associated with NDI.
Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution of Emulsion Polymers: A Review of Modeling Studies
Authors: Sood Ashwini , Gaur Tulika
Published: April 2021

The aim of this work is to provide a literature review in the area of modeling of particle size and particle size distribution of emulsion polymers. Modeling studies of emulsion polymerization are of great interest due to the industrial importance of latexes produced. There are two broad strategies adopted to model particle size distribution: 1) Lumped model in which average particle size assuming the monodispersed distribution is modelled. 2) Distributed model or population balance model in which full particle size distribution is modelled. Lumped model serves as a learning model and a stepping stone to develop a population balance model.
Baja demanda de servicios de salud oral en el primer nivel de atención
Authors: Hernández-Espino Raúl
Published: April 2021

Sr. Editor.

La alta prevalencia de enfermedades de salud oral sigue siendo un desafío debido a las repercusiones del estado de salud en general y el factor económico que en ocasiones suele ser determinante para el acceso a los tratamientos 1, dicho problema también surge de otra parte, el poco interés de parte de la población. Siendo así, la presenta carta tiene como objetivo mostrar la problemática de la salud oral en la posición del paciente ante el tratamiento odontológico.
Evaluación de las características de calidad, bromatológicas y fermentativas in vitro a diferentes tiempos de fermentación láctica de ensilados de mango maduro
Authors: Torres Salado Nicolás , Gómez Trinidad Marcelino , Sánchez Santillán Paulino , Rojas García Adelaido Rafael , Maldonado Peralta María de los Ángeles , Bottini Luzardo María Benedicta
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las características de calidad, bromatológicas y fermentativas in vitro de ensilados de mango maduro entre 28 y 168 días de fermentación láctica (FL). Los silos en bolsa (20 kg) se elaboraron con 80.64% de mango, 11.38% de pasto pangola, 4.55% de rastrojo de maíz, 2.04% de melaza y 1.36% de urea. El tiempo de apertura de los silos fue a los 28 (T1), 44 (T2), 97 (T3), 113 (T4), 126 (T5), 140 (T6), 154 (T7) y 168 (T8) d de FL. Se determinó pH, ácido láctico, materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), hemicelulosa, producción de biogás y metano (CH4), nitrógeno amoniacal (N-NH3), pH del medio, conteo de bacterias totales, degradación de la materia seca (DMS) y degradación de la fibra detergente neutro (DFDN). El análisis estadístico fue un diseño completamente al azar. El contenido de MS, pH, FDA y hemicelulosa no mostraron diferencias por el tiempo de FL (p>0.05). T2 presentó mayor contenido de ácido láctico, sin diferencias con T1, T3 y T4 (p>0.05). T1 mostró mayor contenido de PC que T2, T4 y T6 (p<0.05), sin diferencias con el resto de los tratamientos (p>0.05). La producción de biogás acumulado no se afectó con el tiempo de FL del ensilado (p>0.05). La producción de CH4 a las 72 h de incubación fue menor para T4, sin diferencias con T1, T3 y T5 (p>0.05). La mayor DMS fue para T1, T2, T3, T7 y T8 (p<0.05). La menor DFDN fue para T4 y T5 (p<0.05). Bajo estas condiciones se concluye que el ensilado de mango maduro puede fermentarse lácticamente hasta por 168 días sin que se afecten sus características de calidad, bromatológicas y fermentativas in vitro.
Características biológicas y seguimiento clínico en casos naturales de tumor venéreo trasmisible canino
Authors: Ramirez Ante Juan Carlos , Fernandez Riomalo Andres , Pedraza Ordoñez Francisco Javier
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si existe alguna relación entre los subtipos citológicos, las fases histopatológicas y la respuesta al tratamiento con sulfato de vincristina en caninos afectados naturalmente por el tumor venéreo trasmisible canino (TVTC). Se evaluaron 52 casos de TVTC en diferentes razas, edades y sexo sin encontrar una relación significativa entre las clasificaciones citológicas e histopatología determinadas previas a la quimioterapia y el tiempo de duración de este. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias en factores como respuesta parcial al tratamiento, grado de malignidad, metástasis o resistencia a la vincristina en los perros tratados; además, no se pudo definir el pronóstico para la involución tumoral a partir de la clasificación citología o histopatológica.
Parásitos gastrointestinales de hicoteas Trachemys callirostris (Emydidae) traficadas ilegalmente en Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Blanco Martínez Rafael David , Padilla Cordero Hernán , Carrascal Velásquez Juan , Rojano Bolaño César , Álvarez Otero Gabriel , Monsalve Santiago , Mestra Alberto , Chacón Pacheco Julio
Published: April 2021

Se determinó la presencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en el tracto gastrointestinal de 100 hicoteas de la especie Trachemys callirostris ingresadas al Centro de Atención y Valoración de Fauna Silvestre (CAV), Córdoba, Colombia, durante los años 2009 y 2010, como producto de decomisos del tráfico ilegal de animales silvestres. Los tractos gastrointestinales fueron separados, seccionados y lavados y el contenido fie removido para identificar y cuantificar los parásitos. Se aislaron 1064 individuos de la especie Nematophila argentinum (44%) y de los géneros Serpinema (44%) y Spiroxys (12%). Las prevalencias encontradas fueron de 70% para N. argentinum (Trematoda) y de 63 y 39% para Serpinema sp y Spiroxys sp (Nematoda), respectivamente. La intensidad media fue de 6.7 para N. argentinum, 7.3 para Serpinema sp y de 3.2 para Spiroxys sp. N. argentinum se encontró mayormente en intestino grueso (40%); sin embargo, este es el primer reporte de este parásito en boca, esófago y cloaca. Los individuos del género Serpinema sp, se encontraron inmersos en el contenido del tracto digestivo, con mayor proporción en intestino delgado (63%), mientras que Spiroxys sp se localizaron principalmente en estómago (64%). Las lesiones encontradas fueron localizadas y probablemente no comprometían significativamente la vida de los individuos.
Determinación del pH y recuento de mesófilos en carne de boquichico (Prochilodus nigricans) proveniente de los mercados de la ciudad de Pucallpa, Ucayali
Authors: Ponce P. Nathaly , Rondón E. Juan , De la Torre V. Manuel , Mendoza Q. Yamili
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el pH y el recuento de mesófilos en carne de boquichico (Prochidolus nigricans), proveniente de los mercados de la ciudad de Pucallpa, Ucayali. Se recolectaron 115 muestras de ejemplares de boquichico de los 23 puestos de venta distribuidos en los 5 mercados de la ciudad (5 muestras por puesto, considerando al puesto de venta como un lote), mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. El procesamiento se realizó mediante la medición del pH de la carne y el análisis para el recuento de mesófilos con el método SPC (conteo de placas aeróbicas). Los promedios de los valores de pH en la carne de boquichico por mercado estuvieron por debajo del valor neutro (pH = 7.0), pero fueron mayores en las muestras procedentes de los mercados 3 y 5; asimismo, los recuentos de mesófilos en la carne sobrepasaron a los Límites Máximos Permisibles en 4 de los 23 puestos de venta (dos del mercado N.° 1, uno del mercado N.° 2 y uno del mercado N.° 3). Se concluye que la carne de boquichico comercializada en los mercados de la ciudad de Pucallpa no es apta para su consumo en tres puestos en dos mercados de Callería y en un puesto de un mercado en Manantay.
Rol del ligando del factor nuclear kappa Beta (RANKL) en osteoartritis y osteoclastogénesis de equinos fina sangre de carrera. Uso de antiinflamatorios
Authors: De Negri Luis , Olguin Luis , Pavez Leonardo
Published: April 2021

La osteoartritis (OA) es una de las principales afecciones que incide en el rendimiento de equinos de deporte. El diagnóstico temprano de la enfermedad es relevante en su manejo clínico y terapéutico. La evidencia demuestra que este proceso tiene una clara relación entre osteoclastos y células inmune compartiendo moléculas como citoquinas, receptores, moléculas de señalización, factores de transcripción que se influencian mutuamente donde juegan un rol crucial tanto en la resorción ósea patológica como fisiológica. Se describe el rol del ligando del activador del receptor nuclear-KB (RANKL) como una de las citoquinas más relevantes que inducen osteoclastogénesis.
Caracterización molecular del segmento 4 del virus de la tilapia de lago aislado de tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivadas en Perú
Authors: Palacios H. Shirley , Manchego S. Alberto , Castro S. Gina , Herrera R. Antonio , Valera A. Adhemir , Sandoval C. Nieves
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue la caracterización molecular del segmento 4 del virus de la tilapia de lago (TiLV) detectado en tilapias de cultivo de los departamentos de Piura (Costa) y San Martín (Selva) en un brote ocurrido en 2017-2018. En el brote se obtuvo 26 muestras positivas a TiLV, de las cuales se seleccionaron cinco muestras positivas. El diagnóstico de estas muestras se realizó a través de un RT-PCR anidado con cebadores dirigidos al segmento 3 y los productos de PCR fueron secuenciados. Para la amplificación y análisis del segmento 4 del genoma del TiLV se realizó un RT-PCR donde se diseñaron cebadores específicos. La secuenciación se hizo con la empresa Macrogen (Corea del Sur), mediante secuenciación bidireccional por el método de Sanger automatizado. El análisis filogenético se realizó a partir de las secuencias alineadas por medio del método de Neighbor-Joining (NJ) y la característica de la proteína hipotética del gen se realizó con el programa Phyre2. Se obtuvieron cuatro secuencias completas del segmento 4 (1 de Piura y 3 de San Martín) con una longitud de 1190 pb siendo comparadas con dos secuencias de Israel y una de Tailandia, cepas referenciales correspondientes al segmento 4 de TILV publicadas GeneBank. El análisis filogenético del segmento 4 determinó la presencia de un genogrupo TiLV local, además de indicar que las muestras peruanas presentan mayor relación genética con el clado de cepas de Israel. El análisis de distancia genética muestra que las muestras peruanas mostraron valores de identidad nucleotídica de 99.7-100% entre ellas, determinando que los brotes de ambos lugares fueron producidos por la misma cepa viral, y tienen una identidad de 97.5-97.7% con cepas de Israel y 97.0-97.1% con cepas de Tailandia. Se determinó que la proteína hipotética a partir del segmento 4 del TiLV tiene una región con una homología estructural con la proteína neuraminidasa N6 del pato inglés con 12% de cobertura, 44% de identidad y 24.9% de confianza.
Study of the fracture features of layered ceramics in its microvolumes by indentation methods
Authors:   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Grigoriev O. , Melakh L. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Mosina T. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Brodnikovsky N. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Zaporozhets O. ,   G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the NAS of Ukraine, Mykhailovskyi V. ,   G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the NAS of Ukraine, Berezhinsky I. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Subotin V. ,   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2021

Technology and modes of ZrB2―SiC layered ceramic composites manufacturing have been developed. The structures, elastic characteristics and strength properties of the materials under investigation have been studied. Effect of internal stress fields on fracture processes in the indentation area and mechanical properties of the ceramics in its microvolumes has been investigated both in layers and at their interfaces. Using values of contact tensile strength along different directions in layers of the composites, effective residual thermal stresses have been calculated (≈180 MPa). The obtained data on contact tensile strength and effective crack resistance, taking into consideration the contributions of residual stresses to their values, have been used for estimations of contact strength and crack resistance of the layer materials themselves. The fracture toughness measured by the three-point bending method is 3,3—3,7 MPa · m1/2. Analysis of the data obtained indicates that the spark notch provides a greater sharpness of the crack tip and better conditions for measuring K1c, while processing with a blade picks up a sharp thermal crack in the notch tip. The elastic properties of the multilayer system (SiC—15% ZrB2) + (SiC—30% ZrB2) were studied using ultrasonic research methods. The values of the velocities of sound and elastic characteristics are sufficiently large and close to those expected from the models of the composite, which does not contain noticeable porosity and microcracks in the layers themselves and in the region of their boundaries. For directions along and across the plane of the layers, the values of Young's moduli differ by about 6%. For the directions of propagation of an ultrasonic wave along and across the layers, anisotropy of ultrasonic velocities of ~5% and elastic moduli of ~10—12% is observed, which may be due to the texture that develops in the structure of the layers during hot pressing. Keywords: layered ceramics, indentation, strength properties, thermal stresses.
Comparative floral surface micromorphology helps to discriminate between species of Paphiopedilum (Orchidaceae: Cypripedioideae) from Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Besi Edward E. , Jia Lam S. , Mustafa Muskhazli ,  Yong Christina S. Y. , Go Rusea
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The floral micromorphology of critically endangered Paphiopedilum Pfitzer [P. barbatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer, P. callosum var. sublaeve (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb and P. niveum (Rchb.f.) Stein] were analyzed concerning either infrageneric taxonomy or physioecological demands. The first two species are phylogenetically close and superficially identical but occur with distinct phytogeographical distributions in the region. The third species is a phylogenetically distant congener that inhabits limestone areas in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we investigated the surface of the dorsal sepal, synsepal, lateral petals, pouch or labellum, and staminode. Amongst the investigated features were epicuticular waxes, epicuticular ornamentation, trichome distribution and type, pustular glands, and papillae. Our study supports the distinction of P. barbatum from P. callosum var. sublaeve, which belong to subgenus Paphiopedilum, and from P. niveum, a species belonging to subgenus Brachypetalum, a separated monophyletic clade. Comparatively, P. barbatum has Type III non-glandular trichomes on the margin of its lateral petals, which are absent in P. callosum var. sublaeve. Paphiopedilum callosum var. sublaeve and P. niveum are distinguishable from P. barbatum by a confined distribution of papillae. The epicuticular ornamentation and distribution of trichomes on staminode discriminate between P. barbatum and P. callosum var. sublaeve and differentiates them from P. niveum. Compared to P. barbatum and P. niveum, stomata in P. callosum var. sublaeve were superficial with prominently raised guard cells. From the physioecological view, the absence of glandular trichomes, and the low occurrence of papillae and stomata on the floral parts explain the unscented flowers of P. barbatum and P. callosum var. sublaeve. A combination of the features examined is taxonomically valuable for delimitation of the species at the infrageneric level, although the diagnostic characters are far inadequate for a generic taxonomic revision. A study with a more extensive sampling from the three subgenera of Paphiopedilum, including subgenus Parvisepalum, is anticipated to elucidate the level of variation of the analyzed microcharacters.

Key Words: physioecological importance, Peninsular Malaysia, subgenus Brachypetalum, subgenus Paphiopedilum, scanning electron microscopy, taxonomic delimitation
Kognitív epidemiológia – Az intelligenciaszint prospektív összefüggése a szomatikus és pszichiátriai betegségrizikóval
Authors: Péter Ujma Przemyslaw
Published: April 2021

A kognitív epidemiológia az intelligencia és az egészségi állapot összefüggésének tudo- mánya. A modern, sokszor több százezer fős, teljes populációkon végzett kognitív epide- miológiai vizsgálatok eredményei alapján a magasabb premorbid intelligencia gya- korlatilag valamennyi mentális betegség, illetve pszichiátriai probléma alacsonyabb kockázatával függ össze. A magasabb premorbid intelligencia a halálozás, a szív- és ér- rendszeri betegségek, a metabolikus betegségek, a rossz egészség-magatartás és számos kisebb népegészségügyi jelentőségű betegség előfordulásával is negatívan függ össze; a légzőszervi betegségekkel és a dohányzáshoz nem köthető daganatokkal azonban gyen- ge vagy hiányzik az összefüggés. A mentális betegségekkel való összefüggést nem, a szo- matikus betegségekkel és a mortalitással való összefüggést azonban részben mediálják a felnőttkori szocioökonómiai státusz mutatói. A speciális vizsgálati elrendezések – úgymint ikerkontroll-vizsgálatok, pszeudoexperimentális vizsgálatok, valamint a mendeli ran- domizáció módszerét használó molekuláris genetikai vizsgálatok – eredményei arra utal- nak, hogy az intelligencia és az egészség közötti kapcsolat jelentős részét genetikai ténye- zők közvetítik, de a szomatikus egészségre a magasabb intelligencia következményeként elérhető jobb szocioökonómiai státusz is szerény hatást gyakorol.

Cognitive epidemiology is the science of the relationship between intelligence and health. Modern studies of cognitive epidemiology, often with samples of several hundreds of thousands of individuals, have revealed that higher premorbid intelligence is associated with a lower risk of virtually all of mental illnesses and psychiatric problems. Higher premorbid intelligence is also associated negatively with the incidence of mortality, circulatory illness, metabolic illness, poor health behavior and many diseases of lower epidemiological significance, but its relationship to respiratory illness and non-smoking related cancers is weaker or non-existent. Indicators of adult socioeconomic status do not mediate the association between intelligence and mental illness, but they do partially mediate the relationship with somatic illness and mortality. Studies with special designs -twin control studies, pseudo-experimental studies and molecular genetic studies using Mendelian randomization – suggest that the relationship between intelligence and health is heavily mediated by genetic factors, but somatic health may be modestly but causally improved by better social status as a consequence of higher intelligence.
On the sum of simultaneously proximinal sets
Authors: SUN Longfa , SUN Yuqi , ZHANG Wen , ZHENG Zheming
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we show that the sum of a compact convex subset and a simultaneously $\tau$-strongly proximinal convex subset (resp. simultaneously approximatively $\tau$-compact convex subset) of a Banach space X is simultaneously $\tau$-strongly proximinal (resp. simultaneously approximatively $\tau$-compact ), and the sum of a weakly compact convex subset and a simultaneously approximatively weakly compact convex subset of X is still simultaneously approximatively weakly compact, where $\tau$ is the norm or the weak topology. Moreover, some related results on the sum of simultaneously proximinal subspaces are presented.
Pensamientos caminados para caminar: una contribución al concepto de meditación filosófica en Ortega y Gasset como síntesis de teoría y práctica
Authors: Gutiérrez-Pozo Antonio
Published: April 2021

Resumen: El principal objetivo de este trabajo es pensar el concepto de meditación en la filosofía de Ortega y Gasset. La meditación es la esencia de la filosofía para Ortega. Meditar y filosofar son sinónimos. La filosofía no es mera teoría, sino que implica también práctica. El elemento teórico sólo tiene sentido cuando surge de la vida, pero ante todo la teoría sólo vale si vale para vivir. El ser humano para Ortega piensa porque vive, pero lo fundamental es que piensa para vivir. Sólo los pensamientos que se alcanzan viviendo tienen valor para vivir. La meditación filosófica está siempre supeditada a la vida.
Caminos y esbozos para una apertura fenomenológica del horizonte mismidad desde la constitución del mundo en ser y tiempo de Heidegger
Authors: Periñán Juan José Garrido
Published: April 2021

Resumen El objetivo principal del artículo es terminar quién es el Dasein desde el aparecer del mundo en la obra de Martin Heidegger Ser y tiempo (§§ 14-18). Para ello, se plantea la posibilidad de aprehensión del horizonte del sí mismo del Dasein, en contra de los propios análisis heideggerianos sobre el uno (§§ 25-27), y, también, se muestra de qué manera la mismidad del Dasein se presupone ya en el modo de aparición del mundo-entorno a través del existenciario significatividad. La conclusión del artículo intentará descubrir los posibles rendimientos fenomenológicos de la apertura del horizonte del sí-mismo del Dasein.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DE NARRAR A MEMÓRIA DO VELHO OPRIMIDO NO CAPITALISMO
Authors: Castro Larissa Leão de
Published: April 2021

Resumo Este estudo objetivou compreender a importância de narrar e transmitir experiência a partir da memória do velho e do lugar de pária que lhe é destinado no modo de produção do capitalismo. Parte de estudos realizados pela psicóloga social Ecléa Bosi e por Benjamin. São discutidos dois elementos presentes nas experiências relatadas pela autora e que estão presentes no conceito de história já elaborado por Benjamin: a importância da rememoração e da redenção messiânica. A relevância de narrar as experiências diz respeito ao que se apresenta predominantemente nas memórias colhidas: a transmissão das possibilidades não realizadas. Analisa-se como a forma de trabalho flexível do capitalismo violenta a possibilidade de construção da memória de si na sua vinculação com a memória do outro ao impor aos sujeitos o desenraizamento e seu efeito desagregador da memória. Por fim, discute-se a urgente necessidade de transformação das condições que geram opressão dos velhos trabalhadores.
PROBLEMATIZANDO A GOVERNAMENTALIDADE ALGORÍTMICA A PARTIR DO SISTEMA DE RECOMENDAÇÃO DA NETFLIX
Authors: Walter Bruno Eduardo Procopiuk , Hennigen Inês
Published: April 2021

Resumo Neste artigo, discutimos um novo regime de poder, nomeado de Governamentalidade Algorítmica por Antoinette Rouvroy e Thomas Berns, que, crescentemente, vem operando na condução de nossas condutas. Diferentemente do poder disciplinar e da biopolítica, tal governamentalidade não tem por centro de gravidade os indivíduos ou as populações. Antes, por meio da mineração de dados e da produção de perfis, age tanto no nível infra-individual quanto supra-individual. Para problematizá-la, analisamos e colocamos em questão um dos seus modos de operação, os sistemas de recomendação e, dentre eles, focalizamos o caso da Netflix. Por fim, tensionamos os efeitos que os algoritmos que lhe constituem podem ter em nossos modos de subjetivação, já que, não raro, tendem a excluir de nossas experiências aquilo que é da ordem do imprevisto e que é capaz de fazer com que algo nos aconteça e nos transforme.
The influence of national culture on the relationship between corporate governance and earnings management,
Authors: Soschinski Caroline Keidann , Haussmann Darclê Costa Silva , Peyerl Danrlei Anderson , Klann Roberto Carlos
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of the dimensions of national culture on the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and earnings management (EM). There is evidence that in certain cultural contexts CG mechanisms appear to be ineffective in minimizing EM. Studies on governance and its influence on accounting information quality can help market participants make better decisions. It is important to include the cultural context in this relationship as it sheds light on an aspect that has hardly been explored in the research, which can improve the informational environment of organizations. In practical terms, the results may contribute to organizations paying more attention to the cultural influence of countries when implementing or improving their governance mechanisms, with the aim of making them more effective in aligning interests and monitoring behaviors in organizations. Moreover, market participants may require alterations in these mechanisms in more individualistic and indulgent cultural contexts. The sample was composed of 18,707 observations of companies located in 24 countries belonging to the G20 group, covering 2010 to 2017. The data were operationalized using a multiple linear regression, with robust standard errors and controls for sector and year fixed effects, using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. The premise that CG can minimize EM was confirmed in this research, except in individualistic and indulgent countries. In these cultural contexts, governance mechanisms tend to be ineffective in minimizing EM. These results contribute to the literature by highlighting that the culture of countries can impact the effectiveness of CG in mitigating opportunistic practices, which explains the ambiguous results of previous research.
COPING STRATEGIES FOR VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS AND WOMEN IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL ISOLATION DUE TO COVID-19: SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Lettiere-Viana Angelina , Baraldi Nayara Girardi , Carlos Diene Monique , Fumincelli Laís , Costa Luiza Cesar Riani , Castro Paola Cristina de
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to map the recommendations of the coping strategies for violence against children, adolescents and women in the context of social isolation due to Covid-19. Method: a scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute, through a research strategy carried out in the gray literature by the CAPES Portal and in the following databases: SCIELO, LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Institutional Repository for Information Exchange of the Pan American Health Organization. The analysis of the identified material was carried out by three independent reviewers. The extracted data were analyzed and synthesized in narrative form. Results: of the 526 studies found, 59 were kept for review and their content was summarized in six categories: 1) prevention; 2) identification and intervention; 3) continued care; 4) care for the safety and mental health of the professionals; 5) intersectoriality/interdisciplinarity; and 6) special care for vulnerable populations. Conclusion: the services must guarantee continuous, intersectoral and safe care, especially in the context of mental health, as well as community awareness must be promoted. Health professionals must be sensitive and alert to signs of violence, intervening immediately and connected to the safety network.
Selection of the conveyor belt material for edible film production by a continuous casting process
Authors: Gamboni Jimena Elizabeth , Colodro María Verónica , Slavutsky Aníbal Marcelo , Bertuzzi María Alejandra
Published: April 2021

Abstract The scaling up of the wet process and the design of a coating line to produce edible films, require the consideration of several factors such as, the film formulation, drying kinetics of the films, and the selection of a suitable support material in which to pour the solution. This work aimed to select the most suitable material for the construction of a conveyor belt for the fabrication of edible films through the wet process. The surface properties of the starch film-forming solution were determined. Several commercial materials for conveyor belts were tested. The film-forming solution spreadability and work of adhesion were determined. The mechanical behavior of the dry film was evaluated through mechanical properties and peeling resistance. All materials tested showed good performance under the operational conditions assayed to obtain edible films. Finally, the polyurethane band was chosen due to its appropriate performance and lower cost.
Banana liqueur made with yacon syrup: evaluation of stability during maturation
Authors: Macedo Leandro Levate , Vimercati Wallaf Costa , Araújo Cintia da Silva , Maradini Filho Antonio Manoel , Saraiva Sérgio Henriques , Teixeira Luciano José Quintão
Published: April 2021

Abstract The aim of this work was to evaluate the stability during maturation of banana liqueurs made with yacon syrup and sucrose. Thus, 20 °GL and 30 °Brix liqueurs were produced using yacon and sucrose syrups at concentrations of 42.8 and 45.0 °Brix. The liqueurs were subjected to two procedures as following: heat treatment at 70 °C for 20 min (tranchage), followed by storage at room temperature for 10 days (T42-T and T45-T); no heat treatment and storage at 50 °C for 10 days (T42-50 and T45-50). The color and turbidity of liqueurs were evaluated daily within 10 days of storage. The alcohol content was evaluated every 2 days. The total color difference (ΔE) was calculated in relation to color at time zero for each treatment. The T42-50 treatment had the lowest turbidity at the end of maturation. The T45-T treatment presented the lowest ΔE value at the end of maturation. The alcohol contents regarding the liqueurs were the same as those contents after elaboration as well as did not change over the maturation time for all treatments.
Integral use of Isabel grapes to elaborate new products with nutritional value and functional potential
Authors: Silva Francyeli Araújo , Borges Graciele da Silva Campelo , Lima Marcos dos Santos , Queiroga Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto , Estevez Pintado Maria Manuela , Vasconcelos Margarida Angélica da Silva
Published: April 2021

Abstract The benefits of grape consumption are widely recognized and mostly due to phenolic compounds. These beneficial effects will depend on the bioaccessibility of these compounds on grape and its derivatives. This study elaborated two formulations of Isabel grape preparation: PAX (with agave and xylitol) and PS (with sucrose); and two formulations of Isabel grape flour: FAX (from the PAX process residues) and the FS (from the PS process residues). The products were analyzed regarding their nutritional and antioxidant properties; their phenolic compounds’ bioaccessibility was also verified through a simulated digestion model. The preparation and flour exhibited relevant sugars levels (10.83-49.71 g 100 g-1). Those produced with natural sweeteners had a reduction in sugar concentration of 51% and 29% for preparation and flour, respectively, compared to formulations with sucrose, with the high fiber content in the flour is being further highlighted (20.14-21.95 g 100 g-1). The catechin (2.37-28.11 mg 100 g-1) was the most bioaccessible compound (22% to 168%), which together with the caftaric acid (2.31-69.43 mg 100 g-1) and malvidin 3-glucoside (8.65-16.47 mg 100 g-1) represent the compounds observed in greater quantity. The preparations showed higher bioaccessibility regarding grapes and flours for most of the phenolic compounds. Furthermore, the products elaborated presented higher values of anthocyanins and antioxidant activity than the in natura grape, highlighting the beneficial effect of grape processing.
Associação entre limitação funcional e deficit cognitivo em pacientes idosos hospitalizados
Authors: Santos Brenda Pina dos , Amorim Juleimar Soares Coelho de , Poltronieri Bruno Costa , Hamdan Amer Cavalheiro
Published: April 2021

Resumo Introdução A hospitalização é reconhecida como um fator de risco para o declínio funcional do idoso, bem como para o declínio cognitivo. Entretanto, a associação entre essas variáveis ainda não é bem estabelecida, sobretudo no contexto hospitalar. Objetivo Verificar a associação entre deficit cognitivo e limitação funcional em atividades básicas da vida diária entre idosos hospitalizados. Método Estudo seccional, com idosos internados em dois hospitais públicos. Foi verificada a presença de deficit cognitivo por meio do teste de rastreio Mini Exame do Estado Mental e a presença de limitação funcional pelo Índice Katz para Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária. Foi realizada análise descritiva da amostra e regressão logística, estimando-se os valores de odds ratio e respectivos intervalos de confiança (95%). Resultados A prevalência de deficit cognitivo foi de 51,5% (IC95%, 41,6-61,4) e 37,6% dos idosos apresentaram dependência em uma ou mais atividades básicas de vida diária. Os resultados mostraram que tanto o número de atividades comprometidas (p=0,002) quanto a classificação final do índice Katz (p=0,001) foram diferentes estatisticamente entre os grupos de idosos com e sem deficit cognitivo. Entre os idosos que eram dependentes parciais para as atividades, 14,9% apresentaram deficit cognitivo; já entre aqueles que eram dependentes totais, o valor foi de 13,9%. Os idosos dependentes nas atividades apresentaram 5,08 vezes (IC95%, 1,84-14,01) maior chance de deficit cognitivo. Conclusão: O deficit cognitivo foi associado à limitação funcional e os resultados colaboraram no direcionamento da sistematização da assistência precoce direcionada, a fim de minimizar perdas cognitivas e funcionais na hospitalização.
Intense transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in a region of northeastern Brazil: a situation analysis after the discontinuance of a zoonosis control program
Authors: Nogueira Ranielly Araujo , Lira Maria Gabriela Sampaio , Santos Sarah Ingrid Pinto , Mondêgo-Oliveira Renata , Andrade Fábio Henrique Evangelista de , Sousa Eduardo Martins de , Barbosa David Soeiro , Abreu-Silva Ana Lucia , Carvalho Rafael Cardoso
Published: April 2021

Abstract In São Luís, Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, the notification of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases intensified in 1982, showing endemic and epidemic patterns. In this city, the Center for Zoonoses Control (CZC) was an organization in charge of the control and prevention of the disease. However, technical and political reasons have led to a significant decline in the periodicity of its activities. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the epidemiological scenario of human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and the prevalence of the disease in dogs after the cessation of the CZC activities, covering the period of 2007 to 2016. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis was determined based on clinical and serological profiles. HVL cases were notified using data provided by the Municipal Health Department of São Luís. A seropositivity rate of 45.8% (p = 0.0001) was found among dogs, 54% (p = 0.374) of which were asymptomatic. As for human cases, there were 415 notifications, with an increase in the incidence of the zoonosis observed during the aforementioned period. Thus, it can be inferred that after the control and surveillance activities were curtailed, there was an increase in the number of seropositive animals in circulation, acting as reservoirs of infection for dogs and humans.
Follow-up of dairy cattle naturally infected by Trypanosoma vivax after treatment with isometamidium chloride
Authors: Castilho Neto Kayo José Garcia de Almeida , Garcia Ana Beatriz da Cruz Favaro , Fidelis Junior Otavio Luiz , Nagata Walter Beterquini , André Marcos Rogério , Teixeira Marta Maria Geraldes , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , Cadioli Fabiano Antonio
Published: April 2021

Abstract Trypanosoma vivax infections cause nonspecific clinical signs in cattle associated with aparasitemic intervals, making disease diagnosis a challenge. In Brazil, diminazene aceturate and isometamidium chloride (ISM) are available to treat bovine trypanosomosis. The objective of this study was to follow-up, by molecular and serological techniques, dairy cattle naturally infected by T. vivax after ISM treatment. Thirty cattle naturally infected with T. vivax received two applications of ISM, at a dosage of 1.0 mg/kg intramuscularly, on days 0 and 150. For T. vivax diagnosis, EDTA-blood and serum samples were evaluated on 0, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, and 240 days after treatment PCR, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and ELISA. Animals with persistent detection of T. vivax DNA by both PCR and LAMP were found and continuous detection of anti-T. vivax IgG antibodies by ELISA, suggesting the presence of T. vivax resistance to ISM. The combination of LAMP and ELISA tests can prevent misdiagnosis of the parasite clearance in treated cattle, contributing to better disease control. This is the first experiment that demonstrates the persistence infection of T. vivax under ISM treatment in a natural infected herd and evidence of ISM chemotherapy-resistant T. vivax in Brazil.
Atendimentos não presenciais em fisioterapia durante a pandemia por COVID-19: uma reflexão sobre os desafios e oportunidades no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Candido Natalie , Marcolino Alexandre , Santana Josimari de , Silva Josie , Silva Marcelo
Published: April 2021

Em 11 de março de 2020, a Covid-19 foi caracterizada pela OMS como uma pandemia. Nesse contexto, diferentes conselhos de classes das categorias profissionais de saúde adotaram iniciativas no uso das tecnologias de comunicação como modalidade de prestação de serviços à distância. Especificamente para a fisioterapia, o Conselho Federal de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional (COFFITO) possibilitou o teleatendimento nas modalidades de teleconsulta, teleconsultoria e telemonitoramento. O presente trabalho analisa, de forma preliminar, diretrizes para fornecer aos fisioterapeutas que prestam teleconsulta, telemonitoramento ou teleconsultoria, uma estrutura que ajudará a garantir a segurança e qualidade da sua prática no contexto de emergência ao afastamento social provocado pela pandemia por COVID-19. O conjunto de recomendações apresentadas a seguir tem como objetivos proteger a saúde dos profissionais da área e da população em geral, estabelecer condições para o atendimento não presencial e zelar pela excelência da assistência fisioterapêutica prestada pela categoria à sociedade brasileira.
ADOLESCÊNCIA, EDUCAÇÃO E INCLUSÃO: REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE ADOLESCENTES COM SÍNDROME DE DOWN EM PARES ESCOLARES
Authors: Luz Neto Rui Gonçalves da , Cavalcanti Anna Carolina , Marques Paulo Roberto Trigueiro de Brito , Almeida Hitallo Carlos Rodrigues de , Xavier Hiuryellen da Silva , Heimer Mônica Vilela , Vieira Sandra Conceição Maria
Published: April 2021

Na escola acontecem os primeiros contatos sociais do indivíduo para além do núcleo familiar. O modo como as crianças e os adolescentes se estabelece na escola influencia como constroem as relações sociais na vida adulta. Através da perspectiva da inclusão social, esse estudo, de natureza qualitativa, com aporte interdisciplina, teve como objetivo conhecer as representações sociais elaboradas por pares escolares a respeito do adolescente com Síndrome de Down. O referencial teórico basilar para esta pesquisa foi a Teoria das Representações Sociais. A coleta de dados se deu com base na observação participante e em entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com estudantes que frequentavam sala de aula com uma adolescente com Síndrome de Down. Os conteúdos coletados foram submetidos aos procedimentos metodológicos da Análise do Discurso, a partir de uma dialética com a Teoria das Representações Sociais. Observou-se que as relações entre os pares são positivas e que se preocupam com o modo que a sociedade lida com eles, portanto, defendem a equidade nas relações sociais com a pessoa com Síndrome de Down. Entretanto, também desvelou-se o fenômeno do capacitismo, um grande obstáculo ao desafio da inclusão social.
Protein Kinase C and Gi/o Proteins Are Involved in Adenosine- and Ischemic Preconditioning—Mediated Renal Protection
Authors: LEE H. THOMAS , EMALA CHARLES W.
Published: April 2021

Renal ischemic reperfusion (IR) injury is a significant clinical problem in anesthesia and surgery. Recently, it was demonstrated that both renal ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and systemic adenosine pretreatment protect against renal IR injury. In cardiac IPC, pertussis toxin-sensitive G-proteins (i.e., Gi/o), protein kinase C (PKC), and ATP-sensitive potassium (K+
ATP) channels are implicated in this protective signaling pathway. The aim of this study was to elucidate the signaling pathways that are responsible for renal protection mediated by both IPC and adenosine pretreatment. In addition, because A1 adenosine receptor antagonist failed to block renal IPC, whether activation of bradykinin, muscarinic, or opioid receptors can mimic renal IPC was tested because these receptors have been implicated in cardiac IPC. Rats were acutely pretreated with chelerythrine or glibenclamide, selective blockers of PKC and K+
ATP channels, respectively, before IPC or adenosine pretreatment. Some rats were pretreated with pinacidil (K+
ATP channel opener), bradykinin, methacholine, or morphine before renal ischemia. Twenty-four h later, plasma creatinine was measured. Separate groups of rats received pertussis toxin intraperitoneally 48 h before being subjected to the above protective protocols. IPC and adenosine pretreatment protected against renal IR injury. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin and chelerythrine abolished the protective effects of both renal IPC and adenosine. However, glibenclamide pretreatment had no effect on either renal IPC or adenosine-induced renal protection, indicating no apparent role for K+
ATP channels. Moreover, pinacidil, bradykinin, methacholine, and morphine failed to protect renal function. Therefore, the conclusion is that cellular signal transduction pathways of renal IPC and adenosine pretreatment in vivo involve Gi/o proteins and PKC but not K+
ATP channels. Unlike cardiac IPC, bradykinin, muscarinic, and opioid receptors do not mediate renal IPC.
Diminished LDL Receptor and High Heparin Binding of Apolipoprotein E2 Sendai Associated with Lipoprotein Glomerulopathy
Authors: HOFFMANN MICHAEL M. , SCHARNAGL HUBERT , PANAGIOTOU ELEFTHERIA , BANGHARD WERNER T. , WIELAND HEINRICH , MA[Combining Diaeresis]RZ WINFRIED
Published: April 2021

Variants of apolipoprotein E (apoE) have been linked to lipoprotein glomerulopathy, a new glomerular disease characterized by the deposition of lipoproteins in mesangial capillaries. One third of affected patients are heterozygous for apoE2 Sendai (Arg145 Pro). Variants of apoE can also produce type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). Recessive type III HLP is caused by apoE2 (Arg158 Cys), a mutant with diminished low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor binding but halfnormal heparin binding. Dominant type III HLP is caused by mutations that markedly alter heparin binding but modestly reduce receptor binding. This study examined whether apoE2 Sendai (Arg145 Pro) was functionally different from type III HLP-producing apoE variants by expressing apoE3, apoE2 (Arg158 Cys), apoE1 (Arg146 Glu), a dominant apoE variant, and apoE2 Sendai (Arg145 Pro) in the baculovirus system. LDL receptor binding was studied using recombinant apoE complexed to phospholipid vesicles and to very lowdensity lipoprotein from a patient with familiar apoE deficiency. Compared with apoE3, receptor-binding activities of apoE2 (Arg158 Cys), apoE1 (Arg146 Glu), and apoE2 Sendai (Arg145 Pro) all were less than 5%. Heparin-binding activities were 53%, 23%, and 66%, respectively, of apoE3. The distribution of apoE2 Sendai among the major plasma lipoprotein fractions was similar to that of apoE3 and apoE2 (Arg158 Cys). ApoE2 Sendai (Arg145 Pro) represents the only known mutation within the heparin-binding domain of apoE (residues 142 through 147), revealing diminished receptor binding and almost normal heparin binding. These unique characteristics of apoE2 Sendai (Arg145 Pro) may relate to the development of lipoprotein glomerulopathy.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor in Acute Tubular Necrosis
Authors: RABKIN RALPH , FERVENZA FERNANDO , TSAO TANNY , SIBLEY RICHARD , FRIEDLAENDER MICHAEL , HSU FAY , LASSMAN CHARLES , HAUSMANN MICHAEL , HUIE PHIL , SCHWALL RALPH H.
Published: April 2021

In acute tubular necrosis, there are early transient increases in circulating and local bioactive hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels and renal HGF receptor (c-MET) gene expression. It has therefore been suggested that endogenous HGF may play a role in initiating renal repair. To test this hypothesis, changes in the levels, activity, and anatomic distribution of c-MET protein were characterized in relation to the onset and localization of DNA synthesis in kidneys of rats with ischemia-induced acute tubular necrosis. Whole-kidney c-MET protein levels were significantly increased in the injured kidneys 12 h after injury and rose to a maximum after 1 d, exceeding the control values by sevenfold. Eight days after injury, c-MET levels, although decreasing, were still elevated above control values. An increase in the levels of activated c-MET, i.e., tyrosine-phosphorylated c-MET, was also evident as early as 12 h after injury. Histologic analyses demonstrated that the increase in c-MET immunoreactivity was most marked in the most severely damaged nephron segments in the outer medulla. In injured proximal tubules, the receptor was redistributed from an apical location to an intracellular location. DNA synthesis was increased in the injured kidneys, especially in the outer medulla, where the increase in c-MET protein levels was most prominent. The increase in DNA synthesis was first detected 12 h after the initial increase in activated c-MET levels. It is concluded that the early increases in the levels of c-MET protein and activated receptor support the hypothesis that HGF participates in the initiation of renal regeneration. In addition, the persistent elevation of c-Met protein levels suggests that prolonged and even late treatment with HGF may be of therapeutic value