bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age development of cortical rhythmics in the EEG depending on the formation of the child’s personal psychical characteristics
Authors: Budkevich A. V. , Ivanov L. B. , Novikova G. R. , Dzhanumova G. M.
Published: November 2019

According to the authors, rationing the age-related EEG parameters in children should be based on personal psychical characteristics. A comparative analysis of personal psychical characteristics and electroencephalographic data was carried out in 300 apparently healthy children aged 3-15 years. According to this principle, two subgroups of conditionally healthy children in each age group were singled out: 1) with an immature attention function and 2) with an increased anxious background that do not reach the pathological level. Registration and analysis of EEG was performed by the Neurokariograf computer complex (MBN, Moscow) using mathematical processing methods.The EEG interpretation was based on the principle of assessing the functional state of a child's brain using a three-component model according to: 1) wakefulness level and its dissociation, 2) severity of signs of the EEG neurotic pattern, 3) directionality of formation of traits of the system-functional brain organization (severity of signs functional hypofrontality).lt was found the presence of EEG signs was indicative of a lower level of wakefulness in children with an immature function of attention in all age groups, compared with the indicators of the average population of group and children with an increased background of anxiety. Children with an increased background of anxiety have a tendency to prevalence and excessive spatial synchronization of the alpha rhythm. ln healthy children, the fact of a decrease in wakefulness and the presence of signs of anxiety in the clinic and in EEG patterns indicates individual personalities and should not be considered as pathology.
Novel Functionality of Lithium-Impregnated Titania as Nanocatalyst
Authors: Ambat Indu , Srivastava Varsha , Haapaniemi Esa , Sillanpää Mika
Published: November 2019

The present work incorporates the synthesis of a multifunctional catalyst for the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) to biodiesel and recovery of rare earth elements (REEs). For this purpose, TiO2 nanoparticles and TiO2 doped with lithium ions were prepared. The influence of lithium ions on the catalytic performance of TiO2 was attained by impregnation of the different molar ratios of lithium hydroxide to bare TiO2. Then each catalyst was screened for catalytic conversion of WCO to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and also for REEs recovery. All synthesized materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and Hammett indicator for the basicity test. The obtained biodiesel was characterized by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 1H, and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Moreover, the physical parameters of the synthesized biodiesel were also determined. The REEs recovery efficiency of synthesized nanomaterials was investigated, and the percentage of REEs removal was determined by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES).
IP Spoofing In and Out of the Public Cloud: From Policy to Practice
Authors: Vlajic Natalija , Chowdhury Mashruf , Litoiu Marin
Published: November 2019

In recent years, a trend that has been gaining particular popularity among cybercriminals is the use of public Cloud to orchestrate and launch distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. One of the suspected catalysts for this trend appears to be the increased tightening of regulations and controls against IP spoofing by world-wide Internet service providers (ISPs). Three main contributions of this paper are (1) For the first time in the research literature, we provide a comprehensive look at a number of possible attacks that involve the transmission of spoofed packets from or towards the virtual private servers hosted by a public Cloud provider. (2) We summarize the key findings of our research on the regulation of IP spoofing in the acceptable-use and term-of-service policies of 35 real-world Cloud providers. The findings reveal that in over 50% of cases, these policies make no explicit mention or prohibition of IP spoofing, thus failing to serve as a potential deterrent. (3) Finally, we describe the results of our experimental study on the actual practical feasibility of IP spoofing involving a select number of real-world Cloud providers. These results show that most of the tested public Cloud providers do a very good job of preventing (potential) hackers from using their virtual private servers to launch spoofed-IP campaigns on third-party targets. However, the same very own virtual private servers of these Cloud providers appear themselves vulnerable to a number of attacks that involve the use of spoofed IP packets and/or could be deployed as packet-reflectors in attacks on third party targets. We hope the paper serves as a call for awareness and action and motivates the public Cloud providers to deploy better techniques for detection and elimination of spoofed IP traffic.
On Dam-Break Flow Routing in Confluent Channels
Authors: Chen Sihan , Li Yingjin , Tian Zhong , Fan Qiang
Published: November 2019

The flood propagation at a confluence of channels exhibits a unique routing pattern, while there are few studies on the routing of dam-break flow in confluent channels. In this study, we conducted physical experiments and a numerical simulation to investigate the influence of different confluence angles on the routing of a dam-break flood. Experiments were carried out in smooth, transparent, rectangular prismatic channels to study the dam-break flow under four different confluence angles. The flow velocity was measured using an image processing technique, and the surface flow field was effectively captured by synchronously recording the particle motion images. Based on the variation of the water level and flow discharge, as the confluence angle increased, the retardation and abatement effects on the flood increased. Specifically, the flood arrival time was delayed by approximately 0.91% to 21.18%, and the peak flood discharge was reduced by approximately 9.05% to 58.36%. Combined with the surface flow field at the confluence and in the downstream sections, as the confluence angle increased, the impact points at the confluence and in the downstream straight sections moved upward, and the impact range was reduced. Combined with the pressure variation pattern, the routing of dam-break flow in the confluent channels experienced a process of impact-reflection-return-attenuation.
Chemical Pollution in Healing Spaces: The Decalogue of the Best Practices for Adequate Indoor Air Quality in Inpatient Rooms
Authors: Gola Marco , Settimo Gaetano , Capolongo Stefano
Published: November 2019

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is one of the main topics in which governments are focusing. In healthcare facilities, several studies have reported data analysis and case studies to improve users’ health. Nowadays, although many studies have been conducted related to the biological and physical risks, the chemical risks have been less investigated and only in some specific functional areas of the hospitals. Starting from some systematic reviews and research works, this paper aims to list the best healthy practices for an adequate IAQ in inpatient wards. In particular, the decalogue lists the strategies related to chemical pollution, starting from design and management, with a focus on (a) localization of hospitals and inpatient rooms, (b) hospital room, (c) microclimatic parameters, (d) ventilation systems, (e) materials and finishing, (f) furniture and equipment, (g) cleaning products and activities, (h) maintenance and (i) management activities, and (l) users and workers. The multidisciplinary approach emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary knowledge and skills aimed to find solutions able to protect users’ health status. The design and management decision-making, ranging from the adequate choices of construction site and hospital exposure, finishing materials, cleaning and maintenance activities, etc., which can affect the IAQ must be carried out based on scientific research and data analysis.
Spatiotemporal Distribution of Tuberculosis during Urbanization in the New Urban Area of Nanchang City, China, 2010–2018
Authors: Yang Shu , Gao Yuan , Luo Wei , Liu Longfu , Lei Yuanhua , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: November 2019

Background: Urbanization will play a key role in ending the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030, but understanding the relationship between urbanization and the health threats posed by TB is incomplete. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the spatiotemporal distribution of TB at the township level during urbanization in the new urban area of Nanchang. Methods: Seasonal-trend decomposition of time series analysis was used to explore the seasonal distribution and trend analysis. Global and local spatial autocorrelation statistics, and space–time scan statistics were performed to detect the spatiotemporal clusters of TB cases in the new urban area of Nanchang from 2010 to 2018. Results: A total of 3245 TB cases were reported in the study area from 2010 to 2018. Of all the TB cases, 68% occurred in individuals older than 40 years old, 73.2% were male cases, and 56.6% were farmers. The primary seasonal peak was in late spring (April), and a smaller peak was in early autumn (September). The results of local indicators of spatial association showed that Jiaoqiao town and Changleng town might be “High–High” clusters. The most likely spatiotemporal cluster was located in the southwest of the study area in 2010, which included five towns, and then shifted to the northeast gradually. Across 2010 to 2018, nine spatiotemporal clusters were identified. The most likely cluster was located at the northeast of the study area. The center of this area was in Nanji town with a circle radius of 43.74 kilometers. Conclusions: The spatial clusters of TB incidence shifted to the rural region and the fringe of the new urban area of Nanchang. Targeted management strategies for urban migrants in the process of urbanization should be strengthened.
An Empirical Study of the Impact of Social Interaction on Public Pro-Environmental Behavior
Authors: Zheng Junjun , Yang Mingmiao , Xu Mingyuan , Zhao Cheng , Shao Cong
Published: November 2019

Public pro-environmental behavior plays a positive role in solving environmental pollution problems. In a real socioeconomic system, because public pro-environmental behavior has characteristics of externality and interactivity, a number of factors, such as external information and the behavior of others, could affect the pro-environmental behavior of individuals who optimize their own strategies by interacting with the outside world; thus, public pro-environmental behavior and social interaction are very closely related. In order to study the impact of social interaction on public pro-environmental behavior and its mechanisms, the authors of this paper conducted an empirical study based on an Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model and data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). The empirical results show that: (1) social interaction has a promoting effect on public environmental protection behavior, and social interaction has a more significant impact on private environmental protection behavior; (2) the public will not only adjust their own environmental protection behavior by directly observing the behavior of others, they will also obtain environmental protection knowledge through social interactions which thus have a positive impact on their behavior. It is of great practical significance to study the impact of social interactions on public pro-environmental behavior.
Development and Verification of a Risk Index for Evaluating the Chemical Accident Risk of Korean Chemical Enterprises
Authors: Shin Saemi , Byeon Sang-Hoon , Sohn Jong-Ryeul , Moon Kyong Whan
Published: November 2019

The scale of the damage due to chemical accidents in Korea is significant, and appropriate preparation and response are required. Currently, Korean enterprises are managed on the basis of the presence of certain substances. However, chemicals other than these also cause chemical accidents. It is necessary to develop a relative ranking risk index that can be calculated through use of the chemical enterprise information on chemical enterprises that is available. The Korean chemical accident risk index (KCARI), which consists of the flammability, reactivity, explosiveness, corrosiveness, toxicity, and inventory sub-indices, was developed and verified by determining the for difference in KCARI was performed by accident, and accident severity category, calculating the correlation between the KCARI values, the factors, and some sub-indices, determining how an increase in the KCARI would impact how the incident rate changed as KCARI increased and how well the KCARI can predict the chemical accident risk of chemical handling enterprises, and confirming the consistency of the proposed index and the current system. These results indicated that the frequency and severity of chemical accidents, and the presence of accidental substances, showed significant differences in the KCARI values. However, there were limitations in the ability of the fitted model to precisely predict the accident. Thus, this model can be used as a tool for the early screening and management of enterprises with a high risk of chemical accident.
RNA-Seq-Based Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Highlights New Features of the Heat-Stress Response in the Extremophilic Bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans
Authors: Xue Dong , Liu Wenzheng , Chen Yun , Liu Yingying , Han Jiahui , Geng Xiuxiu , Li Jiang , Jiang Shijie , Zhou Zhengfu , Zhang Wei , Chen Ming , Lin Min , Ongena Marc , Wang Jin
Published: November 2019

Deinococcus radiodurans is best known for its extraordinary resistance to diverse environmental stress factors, such as ionizing radiation, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, desiccation, oxidation, and high temperatures. The heat response of this bacterium is considered to be due to a classical, stress-induced regulatory system that is characterized by extensive transcriptional reprogramming. In this study, we investigated the key functional genes involved in heat stress that were expressed and accumulated in cells (R48) following heat treatment at 48 °C for 2 h. Considering that protein degradation is a time-consuming bioprocess, we predicted that to maintain cellular homeostasis, the expression of the key functional proteins would be significantly decreased in cells (RH) that had partly recovered from heat stress relative to their expression in cells (R30) grown under control conditions. Comparative transcriptomics identified 15 genes that were significantly downregulated in RH relative to R30, seven of which had previously been characterized to be heat shock proteins. Among these genes, three hypothetical genes (dr_0127, dr_1083, and dr_1325) are highly likely to be involved in response to heat stress. Survival analysis of mutant strains lacking DR_0127 (a DNA-binding protein), DR_1325 (an endopeptidase-like protein), and DR_1083 (a hypothetical protein) showed a reduction in heat tolerance compared to the wild-type strain. These results suggest that DR_0127, DR_1083, and DR_1325 might play roles in the heat stress response. Overall, the results of this study provide deeper insights into the transcriptional regulation of the heat response in D. radiodurans.
Exciting Opportunities in Nuclear Medicine Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Lapa Constantin
Published: November 2019

Nuclear medicine has experienced a number of unprecedented developments in recent years. Above all, the concept of “theranostics”, the combination of a predictive biomarker with a therapeutic agent, has been a central part of this success. For example, a phase III randomized, controlled trial provided unequivocal evidence of the effectiveness of 177Lu-DOTATATE for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors, and there have been multiple reports of the benefits of prostate-specific membrane antigen targeted PET imaging and radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer. Other new exciting theranostic applications include, among many others, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4, as well as cancer-associated fibroblasts. These can be specifically addressed by inhibitors of the fibroblast activation protein and represent a particularly promising target for nuclear medicine theranostics. This Special Issue presents some of the most recent advances in the field of nuclear medicine.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of Low-Profile, Triangular Grid-Stiffened Plates Subjected to Shear Load in the Post-Critical States of Deformation
Authors: Święch Łukasz
Published: November 2019

Constant developments in manufacturing technology have made it possible to introduce integrally stiffened elements into load-bearing, thin-walled structures. The application of thin-walled elements with integral stiffeners potentially increases buckling and critical loads to maintain the mass of the structure and lower production costs. This paper presents the results of experimental investigations and numerical Finite Element Modelling (FEM) analyses of low-profile, isosceles grid stiffened, aluminium alloy plates subjected to pure shear load. Conducted research included analysing buckling and post-buckling states of deformation, taking into account both geometrical and physical nonlinear effects. Use of the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system during the experimental tests created representative equilibrium pathways and recorded displacement field distributions over the plate surface. The model was initially validated against the experimental results. The results for the stiffened plate were compared to the reference structure in the form of a smooth plate with equivalent mass. Comparative analyses included examining the displacement fields and stress efforts over the plates. The stiffening configuration under examination increased the critical buckling load by 300% in comparison to the unstiffened structure with the same mass. Obtained results also indicate potential problems with areas of concentrated stress in the case of an incorrect geometry design near to the boundary conditions.
Influence of Partial Replacement of Si by Al on Microstructure and Properties of Nanostructured Martensitic Steel
Authors: Zheng Hua , Hu Feng , Zhou Wen , Isayev Oleg , Hress Oleksandr , Yershov Serhii , Wu Kaiming
Published: November 2019

Nanostructured martensitic steels comprising nanoscale-martensite and retained austenite were obtained by quenching–partitioning–tempering (Q–P–T) treatment. The influence of partial replacement of Si by Al on the microstructure and properties were studied. Results showed that with partial replacement of Si by Al, except nanoscale-martensite and retained austenite, a little ferrite was also clearly observed. By contrast, with partial replacement of Si by Al, although the ultimate tensile strength (1392 MPa against 1215 MPa) was slightly lower, the elongation after fracture (16.7% against 19.9%) and the toughness (equivalent to the area under the stress–strain curve) (43.1 × 106 against 37.1 × 106 J/m3) were relatively higher. This was because the retained austenite in the steel with partial replacement of Si by Al had higher carbon content, similar volume fraction of film-like morphology, lower volume fraction of blocky morphology and was surrounded by ferrite, which played significant role in the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect.
Different Formation Routes of Pore Structure in Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy
Authors: Bidulská Jana , Bidulský Róbert , Actis Grande Marco , Kvačkaj Tibor
Published: November 2019

In powder metallurgy (PM), severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a well-known technological solution to achieve interesting properties. However, the occurrence of pores in the final product may limit these properties. Also, for a given type of microstructure, the stereometric parameters of the pore structures, such as shape (represented by Aspect and Dcircle) and distribution (fshape, and fcircle), decisively affect the final properties. The influence of different processing routes (pressing, sintering and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP)) on pore structures in an aluminum PM alloy is discussed. The nature of porosity, porosity evolution and its behavior is explored. The correlation between pore size and morphology is also considered. The final pore structure parameters (Aspect, Dcircle, fshape, and fcircle) of studied aluminum alloys produced by different processing routes depends on the different formation routes.
Antimicrobial Activity of Oregano Essential Oil Incorporated in Sodium Alginate Edible Films: Control of Listeria monocytogenes and Spoilage in Ham Slices Treated with High Pressure Processing
Authors: Pavli Foteini , Argyri Anthoula A. , Skandamis Panagiotis , Nychas George-John , Tassou Chrysoula , Chorianopoulos Nikos
Published: November 2019

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of oregano essential oil (OEO) incorporated in Na-alginate edible films when applied to sliced ham inoculated with a cocktail of Listeria monocytogenes strains, with or without pretreatment by high pressure processing (HPP). Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory analyses (in Listeria-free slices) were performed, while, the presence/absence and the relative abundance of each Listeria strain, was monitored by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The OEO incorporation in the films, caused approximately 1.5 log reduction in Listeria population at 8 and 12 °C at the end of the storage period, and almost 2.5 log reduction at 4 °C. The HPP treatment caused 1 log reduction to the initial Listeria population, while levels kept on decreasing throughout the storage for all the tested temperatures. The pH of the samples was higher in the cases where HPP was involved, and the samples were evaluated as less spoiled. Furthermore, the presence of OEO in the films resulted in color differences compared to the control samples, whilst the aroma of these samples was improved. In conclusion, the combined application of HPP and OEO edible films on the slices, led to a significant reduction or absence of the pathogen.
Catalytic Hydrolysis Mechanism of Cocaine by Human Carboxylesterase 1: An Orthoester Intermediate Slows Down the Reaction
Authors: Yan Maocai , Zhang Zhen , Liu Zhaoming , Zhang Chunyan , Zhang Jingchang , Fan Shuai , Yang Zhaoyong
Published: November 2019

Human carboxylesterase 1 (hCES1) is a major carboxylesterase in the human body and plays important roles in the metabolism of a wide variety of substances, including lipids and drugs, and therefore is attracting more and more attention from areas including lipid metabolism, pharmacokinetics, drug–drug interactions, and prodrug activation. In this work, we studied the catalytic hydrolysis mechanism of hCES1 by the quantum mechanics computation method, using cocaine as a model substrate. Our results support the four-step theory of the esterase catalytic hydrolysis mechanism, in which both the acylation stage and the deacylation stage include two transition states and a tetrahedral intermediate. The roles and cooperation of the catalytic triad, S221, H468, and E354, were also analyzed in this study. Moreover, orthoester intermediates were found in hCES1-catalyzed cocaine hydrolysis reaction, which significantly elevate the free energy barrier and slow down the reaction. Based on this finding, we propose that hCES1 substrates with β-aminocarboxylester structure might form orthoester intermediates in hCES1-catalyzed hydrolysis, and therefore prolong their in vivo half-life. Thus, this study helps to clarify the catalytic mechanism of hCES1 and elucidates important details of its catalytic process, and furthermore, provides important insights into the metabolism of hCES1 substrates and drug designing.
Analysis of Multiclass Antibiotics in Lettuce by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Monitor Their Plant Uptake
Authors: Albero Beatriz , Tadeo José L. , Delgado María del Mar , Miguel Esther , Pérez Rosa Ana
Published: November 2019

The main entry routes of antibiotics in the environment are the application of organic wastes to improve soil quality and the irrigation with recycled water. Once in the environment, antibiotics can be introduced in the food chain through their uptake by crops. This paper describes the development of an analytical method based on ultrasound-assisted extraction for the determination of seven antibiotics in lettuce. The developed method was applied to evaluate antibiotic uptake by lettuce grown in pots fertilized with composted poultry litter doped with a mixture of antibiotics to reach a final concentration of 2.5 µg/g in soil. Lettuce were harvested after 21, 36, and 55 days. Five of the seven studied antibiotics were found in all samples. The highest uptake was found for lincomycin (51 ng/g fresh weight) followed by sulfamethoxazole (44 ng/g fresh weight) and sulfamethazine (21 ng/g fresh weight) in lettuce harvested after 21 days. An important decrease of their levels was observed after 36 days, but these levels remained similar after 55 days. Although levels found in lettuce were low, the presence of antibiotics demonstrates the need for further assessing food safety risks related with the use of soil amendments or irrigation water contaminated with antibiotics.
Synthesis and Fluorescent Properties of Novel Isoquinoline Derivatives
Authors: Balewski Łukasz , Sączewski Franciszek , Gdaniec Maria , Kornicka Anita , Cicha Karolina , Jalińska Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

Isoquinoline derivatives have attracted great interest for their wide biological and fluorescent properties. In the current study, we focused on the synthesis of a series of novel isoquinoline derivatives substituted at position 3 of the heteroaromatic ring. Compounds were obtained in a Goldberg–Ullmann-type coupling reaction with appropriate amides in the presence of copper(I) iodide, N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA), and potassium carbonate. The structures of novel isoquinolines were confirmed by IR, NMR, and elemental analysis, as well as X-ray crystallography. In the course of our research work, the visible fluorescence of this class of compounds was observed. The above findings prompted us to investigate the optical properties of the selected compounds.
Assessment of the Bioactive Compounds in White and Red Wines Enriched with a Primula veris L.
Authors: Tarapatskyy Maria , Kapusta Ireneusz , Gumienna Aleksandra , Puchalski Czesław
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper was to analyze selected physicochemical properties and the pro-health potential of wines produced in southeastern Poland, in the Subcarpathian region, and commercial Carlo Rossi wines enhanced with cowslip (Primula veris L.). This study used ultra-performance reverse-phase liquid chromatography (UPLC)-PDA-MS/MS to perform most of the analysis, including the polyphenolic compounds and saponin content in wines enriched by Primula veris L. The initial anthocyanin content in Subcarpathian (Regional) red wine samples increased four times to the level of 1956.85 mg/L after a 10% addition of Primula veris L. flowers. For white wines, a five-fold increase in flavonol content was found in Subcarpathian (Regional) and wine samples, and an almost 25-fold increase in flavonol content was found in Carlo Rossi (Commercial) wine samples at the lowest (2.5%) Primula veris L. flower addition. Qualitative analysis of the regional white wines with a 10% Primula veris L. flower enhancement demonstrated the highest kaempferol content (197.75 mg/L) and a high quercetin content (31.35 mg/L). Thanks to wine enrichment in triterpenoid saponins and in polyphenolic compounds from Primula veris L. flowers, which are effectively extracted to wine under mild conditions, both white and red wines can constitute a highly pro-health component of diets, which is valuable in preventing chronic heart failure.
Land Conflict Management through the Implementation of the National Land Policy in Tanzania: Evidence from Kigoma Region
Authors: Rubakula Gelas , Wang Zhanqi , Wei Chao
Published: November 2019

The land policy in Tanzania, which has been implemented since 1995, aims to resolve land-use problems. This study explored the implementation of land policy in rural Tanzania. A cross-sectional multiple data collection technique was performed during the period July–November, 2017 to examine whether the policy has addressed land issues, including land conflicts. The findings indicate a significant association between immigrants and land conflicts, thus implying an insecure land tenure. The results also show that the realization of land policy was hampered by insufficient budgetary allocation and too few land staff to spearhead the land policy and legislation requirements. In view of these findings, this article suggests that the government must mobilize the resources required for registering communal land and simultaneously reinforce the use of social institutions, cultural norms, and adjoining landowners in securing land rights. This decision will encourage the majority of rural landowners (peasants and herdsmen) to invest in their land for higher and sustainable production.
A Photoelectric-Stimulated MoS
2
Transistor for Neuromorphic Engineering
Authors: Wang Shuiyuan , Hou Xiang , Liu Lan , Li Jingyu , Shan Yuwei , Wu Shiwei , Zhang David Wei , Zhou Peng
Published: November 2019

The von Neumann bottleneck has spawned the rapid expansion of neuromorphic engineering and brain-like networks. Synapses serve as bridges for information transmission and connection in the biological nervous system. The direct implementation of neural networks may depend on novel materials and devices that mimic natural neuronal and synaptic behavior. By exploiting the interfacial effects between MoS
2
and AlOx, we demonstrate that an h-BN-encapsulated MoS
2
artificial synapse transistor can mimic the basic synaptic behaviors, including EPSC, PPF, LTP, and LTD. Efficient optoelectronic spikes enable simulation of synaptic gain, frequency, and weight plasticity. The Pavlov classical conditioning experiment was successfully simulated by electrical tuning, showing associated learning behavior. In addition, h-BN encapsulation effectively improves the environmental time stability of our devices. Our h-BN-encapsulated MoS
2
artificial synapse provides a new paradigm for hardware implementation of neuromorphic engineering.
Multi-Level Water Governance in The Tsavo Sub-Catchment, Kenya
Authors: Oremo Francis , Mulwa Richard , Oguge Nicholas
Published: November 2019

Water scarcity amid soaring demand poses challenges to sustainable development, particularly when set against the backdrop of a surging global population and climate change. Despite policies that require for the incorporation of multi-level water governance arrangements to support integrated and participatory processes and ensure sustainable and equitable use of water resources, over-allocation of water resources in the Tsavo sub-catchment of southern Kenya, due to competition and scarcity, remains a hindrance. This has led to the reallocation of water resources away from ecosystems to supply irrigation and other economic activities. This study uses Governance Assessment Tool (GAT) to analyze water resource governance regime in the Tsavo sub-catchment. The results show that sub-catchment water governance is influenced by dispersed multi-level actors, some of whom were not connected to hierarchy and whose interests were diverse and conflicting. This was hindering participatory decision-making and efforts to co-produce governance arrangements that are context-specific. Water resource management regulations were developed and implemented by the Water Resources Authority (WRA) with inadequate consultation and limited consideration of local priorities.
Are Students with Mathematics Learning Disabilities Receiving a FAPE?: Insights from a Descriptive Review of Individualized Education Program Plans
Authors: Hott Brittany L. , Pulos Joshua M , Peltier Tiffany K , Peltier Corey
Published: November 2019

Students with mathematics learning disability (MLD) are entitled to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE) and related services as outlined by their Individualized Education Program (IEP). The IEP provides a roadmap for educators to follow to enhance in-school and post-school outcomes. This study explored the IEPs of secondary students with MLD, enrolled in grades 6-12, attending 15 rural independent school districts in the southeast part of the United States. Results suggest secondary students with MLD have needs in (a) calculation; (b) fractions, decimals, and percentages; (c) functional mathematics; (d) reading, and (e) social and behavioral skills; yet, 70% of IEPs reviewed only included instruction in the general education setting, without specialized services. IEPs included a variety of accommodations but few goals facilitating access to grade level content or special education services to support specialized instruction to meet goals. Implications for practice, limitations, and implications for future research are discussed.
Desain Sistem On-Grid Energi Terbarukan Skala Rumah Tangga Menggunakan Perangkat Lunak HOMER
Authors: Aprillia Bandiyah Sri , Silalahi Desri Kristina , Rigoursyah Muhammad Agung Foury
Published: November 2019

Electricity demand increases along with an increasing population. Renewable energy power plants are experiencing an increase in their use. This increase occurred because the world's electricity needs are rising every year, so the development of renewable energy power plants continues. Indonesia's state-owned power plants supply electricity more from non-renewable energy sources than renewable energy sources. Therefore, there is a need for renewable energy sources that can supply electricity in Indonesia. This research discusses an efficient renewable energy system for residential and the total installation costs for on-grid systems in Bandung, Indonesia. The research method used is collecting solar radiation data, equipment specifications and other data needed and then optimized. The simulation model uses HOMER software. HOMER is used to determine the best technically estimated cost, payback period, and NPC. Based on the optimization results, the system configuration can supply the electricity load 45.5% of daily load consumption with a total NPC cost is 75,300,000 million with a payback period of 7 years. In addition, the on-grid system produces 1400 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per year from diesel generators, lower than the CO2 emissions from systems that only comprise diesel generators reaching 114 tons per year.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Booking Kapal untuk Berwisata & Memancing Berbasis Android
Authors: Fatmawati  , Mutedi Ahmad
Published: November 2019

The development of information technology is increasingly developing, so that makes the human mindset of the desired information needs can be accessed easily, quickly, and accurately. This boat booking is a type of booking that is rarely known by many people and almost everyone only knows about booking hotels, along with the many tourist attractions such as the islands that require tourists to go using the boat to the tourist site, an application is needed to make it easy for tourists to book a ship, from the existing problems for booking and chartering the ship is still done manually by contacting the shipowner directly and for the payment process that is done is still using a manual system that is done after completing using the ship which is feared the charterer can cancel the charter . In this study, the authors used a methodology with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and literature study while application development uses SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) with a waterfall approach and in this study, the authors used the Fisher-Yates Shuffle algorithm while for modeling using UML (Unified Modeling Language). With the Android-based ship booking application, it can facilitate the tourists in getting information in booking a boat that can be done online.
Kompetencje wychowawcy świetlicy jako specyficznego miejsca wspomagania rozwoju dziecka
Authors: Kaczor Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono teoretyczno-empiryczne rozważania na temat kompetencji wychowawców do pracy w świetlicy szkolnej. Zaprezentowano wyniki badań będące z jednej strony próbą oceny kompetencji wychowawców i nauczycieli pracujących w świetlicy szkolnej, miejscu wspomagania rozwoju dziecka w wieku wczesnoszkolnym, z drugiej strony stwarzające okazję do włączenia się wychowawców świetlicy w dyskusję nad kompetencjami potrzebnymi wychowawcy do pracy w świetlicy szkolnej. Prowadzone metodami jakościowymi (wywiad, zogniskowany wywiad grupowy) badania umożliwiły ukazanie przedmiotu badań w dwóch perspektywach: diagnostycznej i postulatywnej. Zamieszczony w artykule wykaz kompetencji wychowawcy świetlicy, wynikający wprost z wymagań miejsca, jakim jest świetlica szkolna, uzasadnia przekonanie o konieczności profesjonalnego kształcenia i doskonalenia zawodowego kadry wychowawców świetlicy.
Problems and prospects for swine breeding development in Ukraine in the context of its influence on public welfare
Authors: Adamyk Viktoriia , Chernobai Liana , Adamyk Oleh
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Agrarian production plays an important role in ensuring Ukraine’s

economic growth and its establishing as a key player in the foreign economic arena. One of the most promising and problematic sectors of its is swine production, whose development has a significant impact on the well-being of the country and its citizens.

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the problems and prospects of swine breeding in Ukraine as one of the most powerful branches of agriculture in the context of the impact on the welfare of consumers, producers and the country as a whole.

Methods. In order to achieve the goal and intermediate tasks, the following methods of scientific research, such as analysis, synthesis, abstraction, scientific induction, etc. are used. The formation of the overall development of swine production in the context of the impact on the welfare of the population with the identification of interconnected factors is carried out on the basis of a systematic approach.

Results. The article states that, as a rule, the impact of swine breeding on the welfare of different categories of population is controversial, as there are many factors that determine both positive and negative changes in the dynamics of the industry and in the indicators of well-being. In particular, the positive influence on the factor of innovations, introduction of new (European) standards of quality of output and production, activation of foreign economic activity, etc. is emphasized. At the same time, there are dangers for the development of swine breeding in general and the welfare of the population in particular are indicated. Thus, the most negative factors are defined: threats to the environment and human health; epizootic situation in Ukraine and neighboring countries; the expansion of agroholdings, which causes the decline of farms; low level of public financial support. Consequently, ambiguous prospects for the development of swine breeding in the near future are pointed out. A rational strategy for increasing the competitiveness of the industry should include measures to strengthen biosecurity, certification and quality control of products, product upgrades, including through attracting foreign investment and international assistance, and diversification of international economic relations.

Discussion. In order to deepen the analysis of the problems of animal husbandry in Ukraine in general and swine production in particular, as well as to evaluate the prospects of European integration and implementation of other areas of international economic activity in this field, it is necessary to carefully study all rules and regulations of livestock trade, meat and meat products and to draw conclusions about compliance with national standards to these requirements.
Using of Node.js in creating application based on event-driven architecture
Authors: Hrynczyszyn Władysław , Plechawska-Wójcik Małgorzata
Published: November 2019

This paper discusses a new programming method - event driven programming. This method is compared with other popular ways of implementing web services to find its weak points and discover in which areas of modern web applications it could be implemented.
Comparing the speed of the selected hash and encryption algorithms
Authors: Górniak Dawid , Kopniak Piotr
Published: November 2019

The data is often the most valuable thing that we collect on our computers. Without proper data security with encryption our valuable information may be illegally used by an unauthorised person. The article presents selected encryption methods and hash functions available in Boucy Castle library for Java programming language. The presented analysis applies to measurement of the speed of signature generation and verification. The signatures are for 240 bit encryption algorithms. In case of a hash function, the analysis refers to the speed of such functions. The fastest encryption algorithm and hash function from the research group were AES and SHA1.
Comparison of selected graphical web interface libraries used in JEE applications
Authors: Suwała Piotr Paweł , Pańczyk Beata
Published: November 2019

The basic technology for creating a graphical user interface (GUI) for Java Enterprise Edition web applications is JavaServer Pages (JSP). However, the capabilities offered by JSP are not sufficient, which has resulted in many extensions that assist the programmer in quickly creating modern GUI. The paper presents the results of comparison JavaServer Faces, Rich Faces and Prime Faces libraries.
A comparative analysis of interface quality of mobile access to the services of selected banks
Authors: Kurzyna Marcin , Matysiak Damian , Miłosz Marek
Published: November 2019

This paper is focused on comparison of interface quality of mobile access to the services of selected banks. Main factors, which wereused in the comprising process are: safety, availability on the mobile platforms, time and simplicity of task performing, intelligibility, design, comfort, number of functions. Research was made using 4 methods: surveys, corridor tests, expert tests and eyetracking. As a result T-Mobile Banking Services won in three categories: intelligibility, design and simplicity while mBank is better in responsiveness, availability and has more functions to offer
Evaluation of the utilization rate of e-services provided by the local administration in Lubelskie Voivodeship
Authors: Ziętek Daniel , Miłosz Elżbieta
Published: November 2019

Local Administration Entities of Lubelskie Voivodeship have access to systems and tools allowing for creating, implementing and providing access to e-services. Thus, they should make these services available to citizens and entrepreneurs, update them on a regular basis and improve their maturity level. This article presents results of research, including evaluation of the utilization rate of e-services provided by the local administration in Lubelskie Voivodeship
An analysis of influence of safe programming techniques on applications efficiency and security
Authors: Kobiałka Tomasz
Published: November 2019

The topics covered in this article are the risks that must be taken into account when developing the software. This article gives you an overview of safeguards against some of the anticipated common security vulnerabilities. Based on the written programs, the impact of the various techniques of safe programming on the performance and security of the application has been analyzed. This article presents both a theoretical description of the protections as well as examples of their technical implementation.
The use of eye-tracking methods for evaluation of responsive web application
Authors: Meksuła Dariusz , Mikołajczyk Konrad , Plechawska-Wójcik Małgorzata , Borys Magdalena
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this article is to present the eye-tracking method in the context of evaluation of responsive web application dedicated to manage students practices. To determine usability of the application the eye-tracking method has been chosen due to its high objectivity. Using this method one can unequivocally determine the user gaze direction, which interface elements enchained his attention and which ones were completely skipped. As part of the work were prepared scenarios with tasks for the research participants, questionnaires and time of the tasks execution where measured. Collected data were presented as heat maps and scanpaths. The paper covers also actual review of bibliography of the eye-tracking area and detailed description of the eye-tracking method. What is more the paper gives description of test subject, conducted test and discusses results.
Performance comparison of an emulator and physical Android mobile device based on chess algorithm
Authors: Litkowski Kamil , Smołka Jakub
Published: November 2019

Article discusses performance differences of emulators Android Emulator version 26.1.4 and BlueStacks App Player 3 and physical devices with Android platform. Performance is measured by the chess algorithm execution time. Article also describes previous research related to this subject. The article also presents the used research methods, results of research based on chess algorithms and conclusions.
Analysis of query execution speed in the selected NoSQL databases
Authors: Bolesta Wojciech
Published: November 2019

The scientific article deals with a comparison of the query speed of two NoSQL databases. Described databases will be MongoDB and CouchDB. The work presents speed comparisons of such queries as adding data to the database, editing database data, deleting data from the database, and searching data in the database. Also a general comparison of bases will be presented, with the answer to the question of which of the tested NoSQL databases is faster.
Effectiveness Comparison of the AngularJS and Meteor frameworks
Authors: Chornyi Oleksandr , Miłosz Marek
Published: November 2019

This article presents the results of comparing code developing speeds and project loads across different frameworks to explore which of them seems to be the best choice in the long time. The analysis was carried out in terms of the exploratory study, the design of the sample project and the literature review. Comparison will make it possible to point to a better performance framework and prolong its use.
Comparison of web applications development possibilities in JEE environment by the example of Spring Boot and Vaadin
Authors: Abramowicz Beniamin , Pańczyk Beata
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the analysis of capabilities of creating web applications on the Java Enterprise Edition platform using Spring Boot and Vaadin. To perform the analysis, there were used test applications, implemented in both technologies. Elements of implementation, work efficiency with the database and the efficiency of page loading in the browser were tested.
A comparative analysis of selected Java Script frameworks in the context of web applications on the example of Angular and BackboneJS
Authors: Moczulski Mateusz , Plechawska-Wójcik Małgorzata
Published: November 2019

The paper contains comparison between Angular and BackboneJS frameworks. For research purposes, two single page applications were created. Both providing the same functionalities. In this article such elements were examined and compared: time of loading elements, number lines of code, size of compiled application. community gathered around frameworks and time needed to create the application using frameworks. The obtained results did not indicate a solution that was clearly better to be used in single page applications.