bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF LOCOMOTIVE FLEET OPERATION USING THE METHODS OF DECREASING DIMENSIONS
Authors: B. Y. Bodnar  , A. B. Ochkasov  , T. S. Grusheckyna  , Y. B. Bodnar
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The main purpose of the work is to reduce the time for analysis and increase the efficiency of processing statistical information on assessing the locomotive fleet operation through the use of methods to reduce the data dimensionality. Methodology. To conduct the study, the methodology for constructing an arbitrary process index was chosen. Using the methodology allows selecting from the total set of parameters those components that are the most informative. Using the method of hierarchies analysis based on the obtained main components, it is possible to construct a single generalizing indicator. Findings. The approaches to improving the existing system of indicators for accounting the operation of locomotives were analyzed. The expediency of using dimensionality reduction methods to analyze the locomotive operation was substantiated. Using the method of main components, the most informative indicators of locomotive operation and the degree of their influence on the general level of traffic safety in locomotive economy, the implementation of the maintenance system are determined. The examples of the analysis of locomotive economy indicators using the proposed methodology, index of performance of maintenance system, traffic safety indices and operational safety in locomotive economy are given. The locomotive economy was analyzed through a joint review of the proposed integrated indices, as well as quantitative and qualitative indicators of the locomotive use. The difference between these indicators shows a deterioration or improvement in the traffic safety state, taking into account the volume of work performed. Increase in the operational traffic safety coefficient over the safety index shows a deterioration in the traffic safety state, despite a decrease in the absolute values of indicators characterizing the level of traffic safety in locomotive economy. Originality. For the first time, it was proposed to evaluate the traffic safety state in locomotive economy through the difference between the traffic safety and operational safety indices. Practical value. To analyze the operation of locomotive fleet, it is advisable to use the methods to reduce the data dimensionality. To assess the traffic safety state, it is more advisable to use the operational safety index, since it takes into account the volumetric performance indicators of locomotive economy.
REVIEW OF THE MODERN BALLASTED RAILWAY TRACKS’ SUBSTRUCTURE AND FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Eller B. , Fischer S.
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The authors’ aim is to summarize the results of relevant international publications and, based on these, to give a comprehensive review about the modern ballasted tracks’ substructure. Methodology. This article is a start of a PhD research, which means it was proceeded by a secondary research. At first, the substructure and its protection layers were summarized, after that the geosynthetic cementious composite mat materials, especially the Concrete Canvas are discussed. Findings. The experiences of the geosynthetics’ and other protection layers’ functions, show that a possible using of the GCCM (geosynthetic cementious composite mat) under the ballast can be a good solution for renewing short sections in the railway tracks. Originality. One of the authors – namely Balázs Eller – is a PhD student at Szechenyi Istvan University in Gyor (Hungary). His research topic is the reinforcement possibilities of railway substructure with the usage of special (mainly cement-bonded) layers. This article was written to collect and summarize the up to date knowledge related to modern ballasted railway tracks’ substructure to be able to determine the following research ways and possibilities at this topic. The research plan will be sentenced in the near future, as well as the required laboratory and field tests will be prepared. Practical value. As expectation, after having executed the related research, the advantages and disadvantages of GCCM layers in the railway substructure will be able to defined, as well as factual deterioration process can be determined related to the ballasted tracks and their geometrical stability.
The effect of native vitamin D therapy on echocardiographic parameters of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and early-stage chronic kidney disease
Authors: Bolotova E V , Trembach V V , Dudnikova A V
Published: April 2020

Aim. To assess the dynamics of the main echocardiographic parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) taking native vitamin D.

Material and methods. The study included 264 patients, which were divided into two groups: experimental group (n=135) — patients with stage 2-4 COPD (men, mean age — 72,2±3,8 years, mean disease duration — 23,1±3,4 years); control group (n=136) — patients with stage 2-4 COPD, comparable in age and sex. Patients of both groups were divided into 4 subgroups depending on forced expiratory volume in 1 second and vitamin D levels. In the experimental group, native vitamin D therapy was performed according to regimen that maintains its level >34,3 ng/ml during the year; in the control group — according to the Russian Association of Endocrinologists guidelines. Echocardiography was performed for all patients at the beginning and end of the study.

Results. In all subgroups of the experimental group, a statistically significant increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction was revealed (p<0,05); in patients with moderate COPD (GOLD 2) and vitamin D deficiency and patients with severe and very severe COPD (GOLD 3,4) and vitamin D insufficiency of the experimental group, we observed a significant decrease in the end-systolic dimension, average left atrial size and increase in stroke volume and stroke volume index, as well as normalization of the left ventricular geometry (p<0,05). In the control group after 12 months, no significant changes were detected.

Conclusion. Maintaining of vitamin D level >34,3 ng/ml for 12 months in patients with COPD and early-stage CKD was associated with a significant improvement in myocardial remodeling. This indicates an improvement in cardiovascular adaptation and function.
Judicialization of health arising from prepaid insurance plans and health law: an integrative review
Authors: Chrizostimo Raquel Marinho , Silvino Zenith Rosa , Chrizostimo Miriam Marinho , Sánchez Maritza Consuelo Ortiz , Ferreira Helen Campos , Oliveira Fernanda Pessanha de
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze publications regarding judicial demands related to the violation of the rights of the client who uses private health insurance in Brazil. Method: Integrative review, from September to October 2017, of national character, with complete texts online, in Portuguese and English, published between 2012 and 2017 in the Virtual Health Library portal, excluding studies that were duplicated or with indiscriminate methodology. Results: The judicial demands were for: medication (32%); ward hospitalization (11%); surgical procedures (9%); orthosis, prothesis and special materials (9%); others (9%); and diagnostic procedures, outpatient service, hospitalization in Intensive Care Units, food formulas and disposable diapers (30%). Conclusion: The prevalence of legal disputes arising from the failure in providing health service by private health insurances was observed, which makes it easier for the administrators to identify the sought health products and services in order to reorganize the administrative sphere and provide quality care.
Implementation of the protocol of nursing care in trauma in aeromedical service
Authors: Schweitzer Gabriela , Nascimento Eliane Regina Pereira do , Malfussi Luciana Bihain Hagemann de , Hermida Patrícia Madalena Vieira , Nascimento Keyla Cristiane do , Moreira André Ricardo
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the implementation of a nursing care protocol for trauma patients before, during and after the flight. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study carried out in an aeromedical service, using a checklist with 106 care: 79 before flight, 25 during, and 2 after flight. 97 patients were included in the study. Results: Most care (n = 59; 55.7%) was implemented, totaling 4,435, 1,480 and 192 cares performed before, during and after the flight, respectively. They stood out as unrealized care: protect ears with ear muffler (n = 55) and avoid leaving the pulse oximeter exposed to the sun’s rays (n = 22). The main reason for the non-performance was lack of appeal (n = 94). Conclusion: Although most protocol care has been implemented, unrealized care compromises the quality of care, which requires the management of the service to provide more incentive to nurses and adequate resources for its implementation.
Teaching implications in the pedagogical training of a technical school
Authors: Leite Isabel Cristina de Moura , Mourão Lucia Cardoso , Almeida Ana Clementina Vieira
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the teaching implications with the pedagogical training in a Technical School of SUS. Method: a qualitative study that has the Institutional Analysis as theoretical and methodological framework, Institutional Socio-Clinical modality, whose data were collected from July 2017 to August 2018, with 07 health professionals. Results: they were presented from two themes: implications of teachers with training: the old Technical School; New directions are evidenced in the implied behavior of teachers: a new Technical School? Final considerations: knowing the factors that hinder and facilitate the pedagogical training in health, and especially to clarify how the behaviors instituted opened loopholes for instituting movements present in that setting, revealing the nuances of a new institutionalization, contributed to the collective construction of strategies related to the training of new teachers.
Nursing diagnoses and outcomes for children with nutritional anomalies: a descriptive study
Authors: Souza Thaluana Selvero de , Campos Juliana Duarte Chaibe , Villela Sarah França , Lins Glauce Araujo Ideião , Melo Manuela Costa
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop nursing diagnoses and outcomes for children with nutritional anomalies based on terms found in a children’s clinical protocol and on the 2017 International Classification for Nursing Practice. Methods: exploratory-descriptive study, conducted with the validation of diagnoses/outcomes by six nurses of the children’s clinic of the Federal District’s teaching hospital. It was based on the cross-mapping between the terms of International Classification for Nursing Practice 2017 and the terms of a children’s health care protocol. The list of nursing diagnosis/outcomes was developed, then submitted to the validation process using a Likert-type scale and considering statements with content validity index > 0.79 to be validated. Results: a total of 51 diagnoses/outcomes were generated, and of those, 11 were contained in International Classification for Nursing Practice. Those that were not in it were evaluated for similarity and comprehensiveness in relation to International Classification for Nursing Practice. Thirty nursing diagnoses/outcomes were validated with CVI > 0.79 among the nurses in the validation process. Conclusions: this study will allow the formation of a terminological International Classification for Nursing Practice subset aimed at children’s nutrition.
Indicators of effectiveness of nursing care in the dimension of patient safety
Authors: Seiffert Leila Soares , Wolff Lillian Daisy Gonçalves , Ferreira Maria Manuela Frederico , Cruz Elaine Drehmer de Almeida , Silvestre Alexandra Lunardon
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate nursing care effectiveness indicators of patient safety dimension. Methods: quantitative survey, using the electronic Delphi sampli, with 52 participants selected by the Snowball sampling. Eight indicators were evaluated regarding the attributes: availability, reliability, simplicity, representativeness, sensitivity, comprehensiveness, objectivity, cost, utility, stability and timeliness. For validation, the minimum agreement criterion was 70%. Results: Cronbach’s alpha (0.942) evidenced the high internal consistency among the attributes. The indicators fall with damage, hip fracture, and postoperative hip fracture, incidents related to equipment, incidents due to failures in patient identification, and pressure injury were validated in all attributes, and those of medication error and hand Hygiene were not validated. Conclusions: the validated indicators allow assessment of the effectiveness of hospital nursing care. Unavailability of data is an obstacle to monitoring patient safety.
Care coordination and longitudinality in primary health care in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Rabelo Amanda Lia Rebelo , Lacerda Rúbia Aparecida , Rocha Esron Soares Carvalho , Gagno Juliana , Fausto Marcia Cristina Rodrigues , Gonçalves Maria Jacirema Ferreira
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the attributes of primary health care, care coordination and longitudinality, from the perception of the professional and patients in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Methods: quantitative evaluative study, in which was used an external evaluation instrument with 469 professionals and 1,888 patients from 367 primary health care facilities that adhered to the Program for Improving Access and Quality of primary health care (Portuguese acronym: PMAQ) standardized by the Ministry of Health. Data were grouped by multivariate cluster analysis in order to find a classification of primary health care from the perspective of professionals and patients. Results: the attributes of coordination and longitudinality are still expressed in a weak and undeveloped way in the Brazilian Amazon scenario. Conclusions: it is necessary to recognize the organizational barriers and what could promote conditions for the performance of health care teams in the perspective of a continuous, integral and coordinated care.
Assessment of access to first contact in the perspective of professionals
Authors: Bispo Glaucia Margarida Bezerra , Rodrigues Eduarda Maria Duarte , Carvalho Amanda Cordeiro de Oliveira , Lisboa Kenya Waleria de Siqueira Coêlho , Freitas Roberto Wagner Júnior Freire , Damasceno Marta Maria Coelho
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the “access to first contact” attribute, from the perspective of Primary Care Health professionals. Methods: an evaluative and cross-sectional study, carried out from February to March 2017. The sample consisted of 163 health professionals, of both genders, who worked in the basic care of the Municipality of Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará. Access to first contact was evaluated by the Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool). The 6.60 mark was used as the cut-off point for the evaluated attribute. Results: access to first contact reached a score of 3.3, denoting a low degree of orientation for Primary Health Care. Nurses were the ones who evaluated the attribute more negatively (p=3.2). Conclusions: access to first contact obtained a low score, pointing to the fragility of the Family Health Strategy as a gateway to the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde).
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and development of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in workers
Authors: Leachi Helenize Ferreira Lima , Marziale Maria Helena Palucci , Martins Júlia Trevisan , Aroni Patricia , Galdino Maria José Quina , Ribeiro Renata Perfeito
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the scientific evidence on the development of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases due to workplace contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Methods: integrative literature review. The search for primary articles was held in October 2017 in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (through Pubmed), Web of Science and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). Results: the 16 studies analyzed showed that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as increased blood pressure, heart rate variation, and ischemic heart disease; and respiratory disorders, such as decreased lung function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, wheeze, coughing, pulmonary wheezing, chest tightness, effort dyspnea, and sore throat. Conclusions: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons cause deleterious effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems through mutations and cellular inflammation, being a risk to exposed individuals.
Vulnerability factors associated with HIV/AIDS hospitalizations: a case-control study
Authors: Lopes Livia Maria , Andrade Rubia Laine de Paula , Arakawa Tiemi , Magnabosco Gabriela Tavares , Nemes Maria Ines Battistella , Netto Antonio Ruffino , Monroe Aline Aparecida
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the association between HIV/AIDS hospitalizations and factors that integrate individual, social, and programmatic vulnerabilities. Methods: a case-control study conducted in 2014 in a municipality in the state of São Paulo. “Cases” included people living with HIV (PLHIV) hospitalized and “control” those who were outpatients. Interviews were conducted using a tool with sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics and other vulnerabilities. Data were analyzed by conditional logistic regression. Results: fifty-six cases and 112 control participated. Risk factors for HIV hospitalization were: unemployed and retired individuals; homeless people; non-antiretroviral users; individuals who did not regularly attend returns. Access to social workers was a protective factor for hospitalization. Conclusions: this research contributed to measure the social, individual and programmatic vulnerabilities that interfere with HIV worsening and, consequently, unfavorable outcome such as hospitalization.
Health advocacy and primary health care: evidence for nursing
Authors: Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena , Fumincelli Laís , Miwa Marcela Jussara , Souza Mirella Castelhano , Wright Maria da Glória Miotto , Mendes Isabel Amélia Costa
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze nursing actions involving health advocacy in the context of primary health care and the consolidation of this right to health. Methods: this is an integrative literature review with content analysis of the results on health advocacy and its relationship with nursing in the context of primary health care. Results: the content analysis of the seven selected studies resulted in two thematic categories: “Right to health - a complex and progressive consolidation movement in Brazil” and “Advocacy in health and nursing”. Conclusions: despite the difficulties in defining the concept of health advocacy, nurses, in their practice, act with innovative alternatives to daily conflicts, exercising the users’ right to health in their relationships with health team members and the community.
Beliefs related to insulin use in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Gouveia Bernadete de Lourdes André , Sousa Mailson Marques de , Almeida Taciana da Costa Farias de , Sousa Vinicius André Gouveia de , Oliveira Simone Helena dos Santos
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the beliefs of people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus related to insulin use. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative-qualitative study based on Theory of Planned Behavior and performed with 32 participants using insulin. The data were analyzed and grouped into categories by beliefs similarity, counted from the frequencies. Results: 118 behavioral, 60 normative and 97 control beliefs were issued. Among the behavioral beliefs, there was an advantage in keeping the diabetes under control and disadvantage, the pain of being pierced by the application of insulin. Regulations highlighted the children as referents who support the treatment. In control beliefs, it was observed that the application of insulin appears as easiness and difficulty to the treatment. Conclusions: the study will support the construction of a psychometric scale to measure the determinants of insulin use, revealing particularities for the structuring of educational interventions that contribute to adherence of the treatment verified in adequate glycemic control.
Construction and validation of an educational booklet on care for children with gastrostomy
Authors: Rodrigues Lidiane do Nascimento , Santos Aliniana da Silva , Gomes Priscila Pereira de Souza , Silva Wandra Camila Penaforte da , Chaves Edna Maria Camelo
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe the process of construction and validation of an educational booklet on care for children with gastrostomy, directed to caregivers. Methods: a methodological study developed in five stages: bibliographic survey; situational diagnosis; illustration, layout, design and text construction; expert validation and Flesch-Kincaid Readability calculation; validation with the target audience. Content Validity Index and Suitability Assessment of Materials were applied for expert analysis. Results: the Content Validity Index obtained overall score of 0.93. In the Suitability Assessment of Materials score, the booklet scored 85.2%. It presented a satisfactory readability percentage, with an overall score of 72%, and was consistent with caregivers’ assessment in the validation with the target audience, considering the explanatory technology, important and adequate. Conclusions: the developed educational booklet was considered valid for use by caregivers, thus contributing to the maintenance of best practices in care for children with gastrostomy.
Thematic content analysis using ATLAS.ti software: Potentialities for researchs in health
Authors: Soratto Jacks , Pires Denise Elvira Pires de , Friese Susanne
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the most important tools of ATLAS.ti Software and to associate them with the procedures of Thematic Content Analysis. Method: It is a theoretical reflection of the Content Analysis phases of Laurence Bardin, associating them with software tools Atlas.ti and showing its usefulness for data analysis in qualitative research. Results: historical contextualization and the available resources of Atlas.ti software with presentation of health research involving the phases of thematic content analysis. Final considerations: The Atlas.ti software assists in the accomplishment of the thematic content analysis being this promising association in health research.
Preventing vertical HIV virus transmission: hospital care assessment
Authors: Holzmann Ana Paula Ferreira , Silva Carla Silvana de Oliveira e , Soares Janer Aparecida Silveira , Vogt Sibylle Emilie , Alves Carolina dos Reis , Taminato Mônica , Barbosa Dulce Aparecida
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: assess the implementation of actions to prevent vertical transmission of HIV. Methods: a retrospective cohort study conducted in two maternity hospitals in the city of Montes Claros, State of Minas Gerais. All women admitted for childbirth diagnosed with HIV and their respective newborns were included from 2014 to 2017. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed descriptively. Results: population consisted of 46 pairs of mothers and newborns. Management was considered inadequate in 30 cases of parturient/postpartum women (65.2%) and 14 cases of newborns (30.4%). The main reasons for inadequate maternal management were lack of pharmacological inhibition of lactation (53.3%) and counseling/consent for HIV testing (43.3%). For newborns, late onsetoffirst dose ofZidovudine (50.0%) and no prescriptionofNevirapine (28.6%). Conclusions: important prevention opportunities were missed, pointing to the need for improved care.
Temporal variation in prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension in urban and rural areas in Northeast Brazil between 2006 and 2016
Authors: Souza Nathália Paula de , Cesse Eduarda Ângela Pessoa , Souza Wayner Vieira de , Fontbonne Annick , Barreto Maria Nelly Sobreira de Carvalho , Goff Mélanie Le , Batista Filho Malaquias , Féart Catherine , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de
Published: April 2020

Abstract: To assess the evolution in prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension for over 10 years in Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil, two cross-sectional studies were conducted based on random samples of households in urban and rural areas, in 2006 and 2015/2016, involving adults aged 20 years or older. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure of at least 140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 90mmHg as well as the reported use of antihypertensive medication. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the influence of the social, behavioral and anthropometric determinants on hypertension. Although social and behavioral factors improved in this 10-year period, overweight and abdominal obesity increased. Approximately one third of the adult population of Pernambuco had hypertension in 2006 and this prevalence was maintained in 2015/2016. In rural areas, awareness concerning hypertension rose from 44.8% in 2006 to 67.3% in 2015/2016, and control from 5.3% to 27.1%, so that awareness and control were similar in urban and rural areas in 2015/2016. After an adjustment for potential confounding factors, the likelihood of having hypertension more than doubled among men (OR = 2.03; p < 0.001), middle (OR = 4.41; p < 0.001) and old-age subjects (OR = 14.44; p < 0.001), and those who had abdominal obesity (OR = 2.04; p < 0.001) in urban areas and among middle-aged (OR = 2.56; p < 0.001), less educated individuals (OR = 2.21; p = 0.006) and those who were overweight (OR = 2.23; p < 0.001) in rural areas. Despite the favorable evolution in the management of hypertension in Pernambuco, public health measures focused in vulnerable populations are still required, mainly in rural areas, to improve primary prevention and decrease the disease rate.
Índice de Cobertura Assistencial da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (iRAPS) como ferramenta de análise crítica da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira
Authors: Fernandes Cristofthe Jonath , Lima Aluísio Ferreira de , Oliveira Pedro Renan Santos de , Santos Walberto Silva dos
Published: April 2020

Resumo: Passados quase vinte anos de implantação da reforma psiquiátrica no Brasil, o país conta com uma assistência à saúde mental híbrida, na qual os serviços asilares são parte da própria rede que deveria substituí-los. Este estudo buscou analisar criticamente a oferta dos serviços de assistência à saúde mental no país, no intuito de identificar se efetivamente decorre um processo de substituição dos serviços de ênfase asilar pelos comunitários. Para alcançar o objetivo, foi realizado um estudo longitudinal retrospectivo da oferta de serviços de assistência à saúde mental no Brasil, no período de 2008 a 2017, com a elaboração de uma base de dados única com informações dos 5.570 municípios. Como ferramenta auxiliar da análise crítica da reforma psiquiátrica, foi construído o Índice de Cobertura Assistencial da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (iRAPS), considerando-se a parametrização legal dos serviços. Foi verificado o avanço da oferta dos serviços comunitários e a redução dos asilares. Porém, com o iRAPS identificou-se que 77% da população brasileira habitam localidades com cobertura de serviços comunitários baixa ou inexistente. As pequenas cidades, que concentram 16% da população nacional, foram as que mais impulsionaram o avanço do iRAPS em nível nacional. Apenas 439 cidades, 7,9% do total, apresentam cobertura assistencial total da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS), expressando apenas 6,69% da populacional nacional. As metrópoles, que concentrarem 46% da população brasileira, não apresentaram avanço na cobertura de serviços comunitários. A análise da oferta de serviços de saúde mental com base no iRAPS permiti-nos afirmar que o avanço dos serviços comunitários ocorreu de forma não homogênea entre as localidades.
COVID-19 e hospitalizações por SRAG no Brasil: uma comparação até a 12ª semana epidemiológica de 2020
Authors: Bastos Leonardo Soares , Niquini Roberta Pereira , Lana Raquel Martins , Villela Daniel A. M. , Cruz Oswaldo G. , Coelho Flávio C. , Codeço Claudia T. , Gomes Marcelo F. C.
Published: April 2020

Resumo: A vigilância de síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) no Brasil visa a caracterizar a circulação dos vírus Influenza A e B em casos hospitalizados e óbitos, tendo sido ampliada em 2012 para incluir outros vírus respiratórios. A COVID-19 foi detectada no Brasil pela primeira vez na 9ª semana epidemiológica de 2020 e o teste para o vírus SARS-CoV-2 foi incluído no protocolo de vigilância a partir da 12ª semana epidemiológica. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o padrão de hospitalizações por SRAG no país após a entrada do SARS-CoV-2, comparando o perfil temporal, etário e de resultados laboratoriais com os anos de 2010 a 2019. Em 2020, a hospitalização por SRAG, contabilizada desde a data do primeiro caso de COVID-19 confirmado até a 12ª semana, superou o observado, no mesmo período, em cada um dos 10 anos anteriores. A faixa etária acima de 60 anos foi a mais acometida, em nível acima do histórico. Houve um aumento considerável de testes laboratoriais negativos, sugerindo a circulação de um vírus diferente dos presentes no painel. Concluímos que o aumento das hospitalizações por SRAG, a falta de informação específica sobre o agente etiológico e a predominância de casos entre idosos, no mesmo período de tempo em que cresce o número de casos novos de COVID-19, é coerente com a hipótese de que os casos graves da doença já estejam sendo detectados pela vigilância de SRAG com sobrecarga para o sistema de saúde. A inclusão da testagem para SARS-CoV-2 no protocolo de vigilância de SRAG e sua efetiva implementação são de grande importância para acompanhar a evolução dos casos graves da doença no país.
Desvendando barreiras de gênero no acesso de adolescentes à informação sobre saúde sexual e reprodutiva na Venezuela
Authors: Heredia-Martínez Henny Luz , Artmann Elizabeth , Nascimento Marcos
Published: April 2020

Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar os discursos de adolescentes e profissionais de saúde em um estado da Venezuela acerca do acesso desta população à informação sobre saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Realizaram-se 12 entrevistas com adolescentes e 12 com profissionais, trabalhadas com a Análise de Discurso Crítica de Fairclough. Os resultados estruturaram-se em 3 temas: desigualdades de gênero; estratégias utilizadas pelos adolescentes e dificuldades dos serviços de saúde. Nos argumentos identificados, observa-se que a cultura das famílias matricentradas limita o acesso das meninas à informação sobre saúde sexual. Das meninas e dos adolescentes homossexuais, exige-se maior esforço no acesso à informação. Ambos os grupos procuram serviços fora de sua área de residência por temor à família ou por não confiar no sigilo profissional. As fontes privilegiadas pelos adolescentes para obter informação são: amigos e Internet. Um dos principais desafios é reconhecer os dispositivos institucionais que atuam na sociedade venezuelana, com maior força nas relações de poder na família, na escola e serviços de saúde. Tais barreiras reforçam o sexual double standard, perpetuando modelos de dominação patriarcal. Sua naturalização possibilita uma reprodução silenciosa de crenças/atitudes, provocando desigualdades de gênero no acesso aos serviços de saúde. As mudanças na prestação dos serviços oferecidos para adolescentes envolveriam renegociação das posições subjetivas tradicionais na interação profissional-usuário e desconstrução das relações de poder. É com participação de novas gerações de adolescentes, profissionais, pais, professores, produzindo discursos e normas de gênero mais equitativas, que possíveis mudanças serão engendradas.
An evaluation of the economic viability of environmental offsets in the saltworks industry
Authors: Fernandes Rogério Taygra Vasconcelos , Pinto Aruza Rayana Morais , Fernandes Raimunda Thyciana Vasconcelos , Oliveira Jônnata Fernandes de , Novaes José Luís Costa
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT: The extraction of sea salt depends on the occupation of large areas at the estuary banks, many of them inserted in Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs). Thus, the objective was to evaluate the economic viability of Environmental Offsets (EO) as an alternative to the unoccupied PPAs in the saltworks. In order to do so, 27 solar saltworks installed in the region of the Brazilian White Coast were evaluated for the occupation of PPAs - measured using images from satellite, georeferenced, vectored with corresponding PPA bands generated - and estimated to EO (Impact Degree x Sum of the investments necessary to implement the project) and Economic Impact (Net Present Value, with long-term interest rate of 7%) of vacating PPAs. It was considered that EO was feasible whenever the costs resulting from it were lower than the economic impact caused by the vacancy of the PPAs. The PPAs were tthe productive area of the saltworksthat occupied 13.70% of PPAs. For all the evaluated enterprises the value corresponding to EO was lower than the Economic Impact resulting from the vacancy of the PPAs. Thus, EO is an economically viable and more attractive alternative to the eviction of PPAs by the saltworks industry and may also provide environmental gains due to the financing of conservation units in the areas of influence of the enterprises. However, there is a need to improve the methodology used to estimate the EO, since a maximum limit is set, the environmental impacts caused by the projects are underestimated.
COMPARING OUTCOMES OF THE ANKLE ARTHRODESIS BY USING TWO DIFFERENT MATERIALS VIA A TRANSFIBULAR APPROACH
Authors: KIM JUN-BEOM , LEE BONG-JU , JUNG DEUKHEE , JEONG UITAK , CHUNGHAN AN
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare clinical and radiologic results and complications of patients who underwent arthrodesis using a transfibular approach with either a cannulated screw or an anterior fusion plate. Methods: Patients who underwent ankle arthrodesis were divided into two groups according to the used materials: 6.5 mm cannulated screw (A) and anterior fusion plate (B). The clinical scores were compared between groups. The radiologic results were then assessed by union time. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: There was no significant difference between both groups in the American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score (p = 0.75), and in the visual analog scale (p = 0.42). In group B, two cases included wound infection at the surgical site. In tt A, the mean union time was 10.5 ± 2.3 weeks. In group B, it was 7.8 ± 1.3. There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.007) between union time in both groups. Conclusion: Anterior fusion plate is an effective method for shorter union time, but the surgeon should be careful with the surgical wound at the skin incision site in the lesion of the distal tibia. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective comparative study.
CHANGES IN THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAL SEGMENT RELATED TO THE CAGE POSITION IN TLIF TECHNIQUE
Authors: MATOS THIAGO DANTAS , FLEURY RODRIGO BARRA CAIADO , TEIXEIRA KELSEN DE OLIVEIRA , ROMERO VALÉRIA , DEFINO HELTON LUIZ APARECIDO
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the morphological changes on the intervertebral foramen and segmental lordosis related to the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) positioning. Methods: PEEK cages were placed in the disc space (L1-S1) of a polyurethane anatomical model. Cages of different heights (8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 14 mm) were positioned in the posterior, medial or anterior part of the vertebral body surface, and the intervertebral foramen and segmental lordosis heights were measured after their insertion. Results: The vertebral foramen height decreased in all positions and heights of the cages in relation to the control. The cage posterior positioning induced a smaller reduction in the vertebral foramen height. Vertebral lordosis tended to increase in relation to the control, and the greatest increase occurred with the cage posterior positioning. Conclusion: Cage positioning induces changes in the intervertebral foramen height and in the vertebral segment lordosis. Cage posterior positioning induces a smaller reduction of the intervertebral foramen height and increases the vertebral segment lordosis. Level of evidence III, Therapeutic study.
PRE-PLANNING ANKLE ARTHRODESIS USING 3D RECONSTRUCTED TOMOGRAPHIES
Authors: ASTOLFI RODRIGO SCHROLL , CARRAH MARCIO DE PAIVA BEZERRA , CORDEIRO GUILHERME FARIAS , LOPES JAILSON RODRIGUES , TEIXEIRA MANUEL JOAQUIM DIÓGENES , LEITE JOSÉ ALBERTO DIAS
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To implement one analysis method of the ankle bone contour that could make a more precise ankle arthrodesis. Methods: Twenty tomographies were submitted to 3D reconstruction. Seven points of anatomic interest for ankle arthrodesis with the three screws technique were marked with a triplannar marker. The median of the position of markers was estimated, and the union of the seven median points allow the construction of one median ankle for that population. Using this median ankle, sizes and angles for the screws position were determined. Results: Two median ankles were reconstructed, left and right. The position of the screw passage were determined considering the anatomical parameters. In the right ankle the lateral to medial screw should enter 4.56 cm and 0.79 above and posterior to lateral malleolus, with one inclination of 17.34° in relation to tibial longitudinal axis; and 0° in relation to tibial axial plane. The position for the other two screws is also described. Conclusion: Our article is the first to presents one precise guide for ankle arthrodesis based on a populational assessment. Level of evidence II, Diagnostic Studies.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN QUALITY OF LIFE AND RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AFTER HALLUX VALGUS CORRECTION
Authors: MANSUR HENRIQUE , CARDOSO VINICIUS , NOGUEIRA THOMAS , CASTRO ISNAR
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the correlation between postoperative quality of life and the severity of hallux valgus deformity. Methods: A total of 23 patients underwent moderate (n = 14) and severe (n = 9) hallux valgus (HV) surgical correction with the Scarf technique between January 2010 and December 2012. The mean follow-up time was 60 months. Participants answered the SF-36 quality of life assessment questionnaire and their radiographs were evaluated at three different moments (preoperative, 1 and 5 years after surgery). Statistical analysis was performed with a maximum 5% significance level. Results: The sample consisted of two men and 21 women, aged 58.7.SF-36 mean value was 75.73 and the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal angles improved significantly at the three moments (p < 0.05). SF-36 showed no statistical difference between patients with moderate or severe HV (p > 0.05). No correlations were found between quality of life and pre and postoperative radiographic angles. Conclusion: Patients with moderate and severe hallux valgus submitted to surgical correction had a very good quality of life and a significant improvement in radiographic parameters. However, these variables were not correlated. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective study.
ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF TRANEXAMIC ACID AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: LEITE CHILAN BOU GHOSSON , RANZONI LUCAS VERISSIMO , GIGLIO PEDRO NOGUEIRA , BONADIO MARCELO BATISTA , MELO LUCAS DA PONTE , DEMANGE MARCO KAWAMURA , GOBBI RICCARDO GOMES
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the profile of blood loss and blood transfusions after the introduction of Tranexamic acid (TXA) in a tertiary university hospital in Brazil. Methods: 173 patients were retrospectively divided into two groups: the ones who received TXA and the control group. Hemoglobin levels (Hb), drain output, transfusion rates, and thromboembolic events were measured. Results: Among the patients included in this study, 82 cases received TXA. Blood transfusion occurred in 3 cases of the TXA group (3.7%), and in 27 control group cases (29.7%; p < 0.001). The average Hb decrease was 2.7 g/dl (± 1.39) and the median drain output was 270 mL in the TXA group. In the control group, the values were 3.41 g/dl (± 1.34; p < 0.001) and 460 mL (p < 0.001), respectively. Thromboembolic events occurred in 2 TXA group cases (2.4%) and in 3 control group cases (3.3%; p > 0.999). Conclusion: TXA was effective in reducing blood transfusion rates, Hb decrease, and drain output on the 1st postoperative day without increasing thromboembolic events. Level of evidence III, Retrospective comparative study.
Le mystère de la création éclairé par le compositeur Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951)
Authors: Guillen Anne-Sophie
Published: April 2020

Le compositeur Arnold Schoenberg nous enseigne sur ce qui l’a poussé à renouveler les lois de la composition musicale de son époque, malgré les railleries et les critiques. A partir des écrits qu’il nous a laissés, nous avons pu repérer un vide essentiel pour le compositeur que sa musique lui permet de traiter sans le combler. Le chemin qui le mène jusqu’à l’invention de son système atonal suit une trajectoire similaire à celle de la pulsion: une force intérieure sourd en lui et le pousse dans cette direction, pour autant elle ne trouve jamais complète satisfaction. La tension renaît très vite et l’amène à composer à nouveau. Si son courage lui permet de suivre ses propres inclinations et de ne pas céder dessus, la position d’Arnold Schoenberg face à ce qui le pousse à composer comporte aussi un versant mystique, messianique. Sa musique lui est inspirée par Dieu et devient une lutte. Il semble nécessaire que ses compositions conservent une part d’énigme pour le public et les critiques afin qu’Arnold Schoenberg évite un sentiment de persécution et continue à créer.
Sexualidade no território freudiano: uma cartografia moral da diferença sexual
Authors: Teodoro Elizabeth Fátima , Chaves Wilson Camilo
Published: April 2020

Apresenta-se, neste artigo, uma cartografia da diferença sexual, no intuito de refletir sobre as marcas sócio-históricas ocidentais que repercutiram na elaboração da teoria freudiana sobre a sexualidade moderna. Em decorrência dessa reflexão, percebe-se que o discurso referente à diferença natural entre os sexos é recente, motivo pelo qual não devemos tratá-lo com naturalidade. Entende-se que os pressupostos que possibilitaram o nascimento da psicanálise não escapam às tentativas cientificistas de estabelecer a natureza das sexualidades masculina e feminina. Entretanto, ao deslocar o foco da sexualidade do biológico para o psíquico, Freud opera uma leitura que evidencia os rastros de um discurso moral que se mostrava na construção dos laços sociais entre os gêneros, que perpetua, em grande medida, no contemporâneo.
Documentários Científicos sobre o Mundo Natural no Ensino de Biologia
Authors: Sousa Jennifer Caroline de
Published: April 2020

Resumo Filmes documentários são frequentemente recomendados como recursos didáticos para aulas de Ciências e Biologia. Contudo, pouco é examinado sobre como essa linguagem audiovisual pode ser explorada na prática educativa dessas disciplinas. Tomando como objetos de análise os documentários Nascido do fogo, da série Galápagos, produzida pela BBC, e Explosão da vida, da coleção Origens da vida produzida pela National Geographic, neste trabalho buscou-se identificar e analisar as concepções de ciência e natureza neles presentes e avaliar potencialidades e limites de seu emprego no ensino de Biologia. A partir da análise do conteúdo verbal dos filmes, observou-se que ambos apresentam uma imagem idealizada da ciência e um senso fortemente estético sobre a natureza. Tais elementos podem fomentar discussões acerca da natureza da ciência (NdC) e de conteúdos relacionados às áreas de Evolução, Ecologia e Zoologia, dentro de uma abordagem crítica e interdisciplinar.
De que Conhecimento sobre Natureza da Ciência Estamos Falando?
Authors: Mendonça Paula Cristina Cardoso
Published: April 2020

Resumo Neste artigo apresentamos o que entendemos como um conhecimento amplo de Natureza da Ciência (NdC) levando em conta o objetivo do letramento científico para a Educação em Ciências. Esta discussão se mostra especialmente relevante porque há uma divergência de posicionamento na área. Podemos considerar como abordagem integrada de NdC para atingir tal finalidade: a análise pelos estudantes das práticas dos cientistas a partir do uso de estudos de caso da ciência, e a participação dos estudantes nas práticas científicas e a reflexão metacognitiva sobre os processos de justificação e validação do conhecimento. As duas situações são importantes porque capacitam a compreensão do trabalho dos cientistas em si, e o desenvolvimento do raciocínio científico ao aplicá-lo e analisá-lo em contexto. Este entendimento requer uma abordagem de NdC que não desvincula os processos científicos de seus produtos do conhecimento epistêmico envolvido na legitimação deles.
Diagnosis and treatment of HEp-2 cells contaminated with mycoplasma
Authors: Lopes B. R. P. , Ribeiro A. G. , Silva T. F. , Barbosa L. V. , Jesus T. I. , Matsuda B. K. , Costa M. F. , Toledo K. A.
Published: April 2020

Abstract Contamination of primary and cell cultures by mycoplasmas is one of the main economic and biological pitfalls in basic research, diagnosis and manufacture of biotechnological products. It is a common issue which may be difficult to conduct surveillance on. Mycoplasma presence may affect several physiological parameters of the cell, besides being considered an important source of inaccurate and/or non-reproducible scientific results. Each cell type presents characteristical symptoms, mainly morphological, that indicate a contamination by mycoplasma. HEp-2 cells originate from carcinoma of the larynx and are, therefore, part of the respiratory tract, which is one of mycoplasma habitats. Despite the importance these cells in several biological research (evaluation of cell proliferation and migration, apoptosis, antiviral and antitumor compounds), the alterations induced by mycoplasma contamination in HEp-2 cells have not yet been described. Here, we describe the progressive morphological alterations in culture of HEp-2 cells infected with mycoplasma, as well as the-diagnosis of the infection and its treatment. Mycoplasma contamination described within this work led to cytoplasm elongation, cell-to-cell spacing, thin plasma membrane projections, cytoplasmic vacuoles, fusion with neighboring cells, and, finally, cell death. Contamination was detected by fluorescence imaging (DAPI) and PCR reactions. The cultures were treated with BM-Cyclin antibiotic to eliminate contamination. The data presented here will be of relevance to researchers whose investigations involve cell culture, especially respiratory and HEp-2 cells.
MERCURY AFFECTS AQUAPORINS ACTIVITY AND GERMINATION OF THE EMBRYONIC AXIS OF Schizolobium parahyba (VELL.) BLAKE (FABACEAE)
Authors: Magistrali Paulo Roberto , Borges Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e , Oliveira Juraci Alves de , Faria José Marcio Rocha , Ataide Glauciana da Mata , Nascimento Janice Ferreira do
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT Germination is a physiological process that begins with hydration. Specific channels known as aquaporins are responsible for water uptake through biological cell membranes. The mercuric chloride (HgCl2) reversibly inhibits water transport during germination through the aquaporins and can changes deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity, which can result in aquaporins deficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HgCl2 and dithiothreitol (DTT) on aquaporins activity and on the integrity/degradation of DNA in embryonic axes of Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake during the germination process. Isolated axes were exposed to different concentrations of HgCl2 or DTT; and aquaporins activity, embryo hydration, and DNA integrity were evaluated during embryonic axes imbibition. Growth and changes in axis fresh weight were quantified. We found that the heavy metal affects seed hydration by inhibition of aquaporins activity and does not cause changes in DNA integrity.