bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The African Regional Greenhouse Gases Budget (2010-2019)
Authors: Ernst Yolandi , Archibald Sally , Chevallier Frederic , Ciais Philippe , Fischer Carlos Gonzalez , Gaubert Benjamin , Higginbottom Thomas , Higgins Steven , Lawal Shakirudeen , Lacroix Fabrice , Lauerwald Ronny , Lourenco Mauro , Martens Carola , Mengistu Anteneh G , Merbold Lutz , Mitchard Edward , Moyo Mthokozisi Shelton , Nguyen Hannah , O'Sullivan Michael , Rosan Thais Michele , Rosentreter Judith Andrea , Ryan Casey M , Scheiter Simon , Sitch Stephen , Stevens Nicola , Tagesson Torbern , Tian Hanqin , Wang Mengija , Woon Joel , Zheng Bo , Zhou Yong
Published: October 2023

As part of the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Phase 2
(RECCAP2) project, we developed a comprehensive African Greenhouse gases
(GHG) budget for the period 2010-2019 and compared it to the budget over
the 1985-2009 (RECCAP1) period. We considered bottom-up process-based
models, data-driven remotely sensed products, and national GHG
inventories in comparison with top-down atmospheric inversions,
accounting also for lateral fluxes. We incorporated emission estimates
derived from novel methodologies for termites, herbivores, and fire,
which are particularly important in Africa. We further constrained
global woody biomass change products with high-quality regional
observations. During the RECCAP2 period, Africa’s carbon sink capacity
is decreasing, with net ecosystem exchange switching from a small sink
of −0.61 ± 0.58 PgCyr−1 in RECCAP1 to a small source in RECCAP2 at 0.162
(-1.793/2.633) PgCyr-1. Net CO2 emissions estimated from bottom-up
approaches were 1.588 (-6.461/11.439) PgCO2yr-1, net CH4 were 78.453
(36.665/59.677) TgCH4yr-1) and net N2O were 1.81 (1.716/2.239)
TgN2Oyr-1. Top-down atmospheric inversions showed similar trends. LUC
emissions increased, representing one of the largest contributions at
1.746 (0.841/2.651) PgCO2eq yr-1 to the African GHG budget and almost
similar to emissions from fossil fuels at 1.743 (1.531/1.956) PgCO2eq
yr-1, which also increased from RECCAP1. Additionally, wildfire
emissions decreased, while fuelwood burning increased. For most
component fluxes, uncertainty is large, highlighting the need for
increased efforts to address Africa-specific data gaps. However, for
RECCAP2, we improved our overall understanding of many of the important
components of the African GHG budget that will assist to inform climate
policy and action.
A 30 m global flood inundation model for any climate scenario
Authors: Wing Oliver E J , Bates Paul D , Quinn Niall , Savage James , Uhe Peter , Cooper Anthony , Collings Thomas P , Addor Nans , Lord Natalie S. , Hatchard Simbi , Hoch Jannis , Bates Joe , Probyn Izzy , Himsworth Sam , Gonzalez Josue Rodriguez , Brine Malcolm P , Wilkinson Hamish , Sampson Christopher C , Smith Andrew M , Neal Jeffrey Charles , Haigh Ivan D
Published: October 2023

Global flood mapping has developed rapidly over the past decade, but
previous approaches have limited scope, function, and accuracy. These
limitations restrict the applicability and fundamental science questions
that can be answered with existing model frameworks. Harnessing recently
available data and modelling methods, this paper presents a new global
~30 m resolution Global Flood Map (GFM) with complete
coverage of fluvial, pluvial, and coastal perils, for any return period
or climate scenario, including accounting for uncertainty. With an
extensive compilation of global benchmark case studies – ranging from
locally collected event water levels, to national inventories of
engineering flood maps – we execute a comprehensive validation of the
new GFM. For flood extent comparisons, we demonstrate that the GFM
achieves a critical success index of ~0.75. In the more
discriminatory tests of flood water levels, the GFM deviates from
observations by ~0.6 m on average. Results indicating
this level of global model fidelity are unprecedented in the literature.
With an optimistic scenario of future warming (SSP1-2.6), we show
end-of-century global flood hazard increases are limited to 9% (likely
range -6–29%); this is within the likely climatological uncertainty of
-8–12% in the current hazard estimate. In contrast, pessimistic
scenario (SSP5-8.5) hazard changes emerge from the background noise in
the 2040s, rising to a 49% (likely range of 7–109%) increase by 2100.
This work verifies the fitness-for-purpose of this new-generation GFM
for impact analyses with a variety of beneficial applications across
policymaking, planning, and commercial risk assessment.
Development of a novel robotic system for in-filed corn leaf spectroscopy imaging
Authors: Li Xuan , Chen Ziling , Zhao Tianzhang , Jin Jian
Published: October 2023

Corn (Zea Mays ) is one of the most valuable row crops grown in
the United States. Thus, securing and increasing the yield of corn is
necessary for the progression of society. However, blindly applying
excessive nitrogen fertilizer to reach higher yield has resulted in
disastrous consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to precisely monitor
the nitrogen content in the corn plant and provide suggestions on
nitrogen application is crucial to increase the sustainability of
agriculture.

Currently, spectroscopy imaging has been proved effective in measuring
nitrogen content in corn plants. However, the trade-off between
throughput and data quality is rarely addressed and it has become an
obstacle to scale up the application of spectroscopy imaging. Hence, in
this study, we have developed a new robotic system to operate a proximal
imaging device to capture a spectroscopy image of a single corn leaf.
The robot has 3-DoF, including one rotational and two translational
actuators. One 3-D camera works as the perception system to detect and
localize the targeted corn leaf. The manipulator is a uniquely designed
spectroscopy imaging device that captures spectroscopy images with
low-noise and high-resolution. Once deployed, this robot could capture
high quality images for a single leaf within 30 seconds and free human
from laborious field work.
A COMPARISON OF THE FINANCIAL SECTOR AND MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE USING TURNING POINTS ANALYSIS
Authors: Bernardelli Michał , Próchniak Mariusz
Published: October 2023

Loss of financial potential is one of the most serious risks enterprises face. The risk management system for the loss of financial potential helps enterprises identify, evaluate and manage risks that may affect their financial condition. This system allows enterprises to reduce the possibility of financial losses andensures more efficient work with financial resources. The purpose of the article is to identify the main imperatives, which are the basis for ensuring the development of financial potential and the justification of measures to neutralise the risks of business entities in the agricultural sector in Ukraine. The main sources of loss of financial potential of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine have been identified. It has been established that currently, the biggest threats are: low business activity, a low level of technological equipment and innovation, negative profitability and slow turnover of capital, lack of access to credit for small- and medium-sized enterprises and climate changes. Agricultural enterprises are subject to various risks of loss of financial potential, which may be associated with changes in weather conditions, animal epidemics, changes in legislation, currency risks, etc. Neutralisation of these risks is an important element of effective management of an agricultural enterprise and ensuring its stability. It has been proven that one of the ways to neutralise risks is to create a reserve fund in case of unexpected events that may lead to the loss of financial potential. Such a fund may include funds that can be used for replanting crops, repairing infrastructure, reimbursing losses from animal epidemics and other needs. It is proposed to minimise the risks with the help of insurance. Insurance can be provided at different levels: from crop insurance to emergency insurance. Having insurance allows the company to reduce financial losses in case of unexpected events. In addition, the enterprise can use financial instruments to reduce currency risks. These tools will enable you to protect the company from changes in exchange rates.
RISK MANAGEMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL POTENTIAL OF BUSINESS ENTITIES
Authors: Davydenko Nadiia , Buriak Alina , Wasilewska Natalia , Wasilewski Mirosław
Published: October 2023

Loss of financial potential is one of the most serious risks enterprises face. The risk management system for the loss of financial potential helps enterprises identify, evaluate and manage risks that may affect their financial condition. This system allows enterprises to reduce the possibility of financial losses andensures more efficient work with financial resources. The purpose of the article is to identify the main imperatives, which are the basis for ensuring the development of financial potential and the justification of measures to neutralise the risks of business entities in the agricultural sector in Ukraine. The main sources of loss of financial potential of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy of Ukraine have been identified. It has been established that currently, the biggest threats are: low business activity, a low level of technological equipment and innovation, negative profitability and slow turnover of capital, lack of access to credit for small- and medium-sized enterprises and climate changes. Agricultural enterprises are subject to various risks of loss of financial potential, which may be associated with changes in weather conditions, animal epidemics, changes in legislation, currency risks, etc. Neutralisation of these risks is an important element of effective management of an agricultural enterprise and ensuring its stability. It has been proven that one of the ways to neutralise risks is to create a reserve fund in case of unexpected events that may lead to the loss of financial potential. Such a fund may include funds that can be used for replanting crops, repairing infrastructure, reimbursing losses from animal epidemics and other needs. It is proposed to minimise the risks with the help of insurance. Insurance can be provided at different levels: from crop insurance to emergency insurance. Having insurance allows the company to reduce financial losses in case of unexpected events. In addition, the enterprise can use financial instruments to reduce currency risks. These tools will enable you to protect the company from changes in exchange rates.
Financial inclusion, macroprudential policy, and crisis
Authors: Saha Mallika , Dutta Kumar
Published: October 2023

The study examines the role played by financial inclusion (FI) and
macroprudential policy (MPP) to prevent financial crisis or reduce the
severity of a financial crisis going forward using a panel of 138 countries
covering the years 2004- 2017. To attain these objectives through robust
experimentation and support policy formulation, we employ aggregated
measures of FI and MPP and use advanced econometric models. Our findings
show that, although FI initially decreases the likelihood of a crisis, the
probability of a crisis increases after a certain level of inclusion is
reached. In contrast, countries with MPP are less likely to have a crisis
than countries without MPP. Furthermore, the FI-MPP interaction complements
itself and plays a vital role in reducing the likelihood of a crisis. Our
results are robust and could be useful for policymakers to formulate
policies in order to prevent a crisis or reduce its severity going forward.
Ricardian equivalence or twin deficits hypothesis? Evidence from Serbia
Authors: Raskovic Jelena
Published: October 2023

This study investigates empirically whether higher budget deficits worsen the
current account balance in Serbia, which is in line with the twin deficit
hypothesis.This prediction is very different from Ricardian equivalence
theory, which implies that a decrease in public savings is always
anticipated via increased private savings. Hence, budget deficits have no
impact on the current account balance. Based on quarterly data for the
period between 2005 and 2020 and using a multivariate vector autoregression
(VAR) model and a short-run structural VAR model, this paper confirms the
twin deficit hypothesis in Serbia. More precisely, a 1 percentage point
increase in the budget deficit (as a percentage of GDP) generates a 0.31
percentage point increase in the current account deficit (as a percentage of
GDP). Moreover, the result is also confirmed using alternative estimation
techniques (GMM and OLS method). According to these results, macroeconomic
policymakers in Serbia should resort to policies that encourage fiscal
consolidation to rectify or at least mitigate deterioration of the current
account balance.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation in a pregnant woman with coronavirus disease 2019 infection: A case report
Authors: Krsman Anita , Kupresanin Marija , Baturan Branislava , Bulatovic Sanja , Petrovic Djordje , Ilic Djordje
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Coronavirus infection may cause numerous complications in
pregnant women, as well as an increased risk for the fetus. Disseminated
intravascular coagulation and other coagulopathies can be caused by
coronavirus disease 2019 infection. Case Report. A 22-year-old primigravida
presented with a nineday history of dry cough, myalgia, nausea and fever. A
nasopharyngeal swab for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
infection was positive. The patient?s condition rapidly deteriorated,
resulting in severe liver damage and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Fetal cardiotocography showed a silent curve with late decelerations, while
the umbilical artery Doppler showed end-diastolic block, indicating a fetal
distress. Emergency cesarean section was performed at 28+5 weeks of
gestation. After the cesarean section, the patient was treated with blood
derivatives, thromboprophylaxis and supportive therapy and recovered
quickly. Unfortunately, the premature infant died three hours after birth.
Conclusion. It is very important to simultaneously monitor the parameters of
the mother?s coagulation system, as well as the condition of the fetus,
because there is a possibility of developing coagulopathies, including
disseminated intravascular coagulation.
The advantage of endoscopic treatment of Haglund's syndrome with the three-portal technique
Authors: Glisic Miodrag , Stevanovic Vladan , Jevtic Aleksandar , Mirkovic Milan , Dakovic Ljubomir , Stankovic Angelica , Mirkovic Sanja , Miceta Lazar
Published: October 2023

Introduction/Objective. Heel deformity accompanied by pain at the attachment of the Achilles tendon is generally known as Haglund?s syndrome. The prominence of the posterosuperior part of the heel bone generates pressure on the retrocalcaneal bursa and Achilles tendon, causing swelling and pain. The condition itself can be treated using surgical or non-surgical methods. The aim was to present our first experiences in the endoscopic treatment of Haglund?s syndrome, employing the three-portal technique. Methods. This study includes ten patients whose surgeries were performed during the period between January 2019, and May 2020. All interventions were endoscopic with the three-portal technique used. The diagnosis was made based on the anamnesis, clinical examination, X-rays, and magnetic resonance imaging diagnostics. For the evaluation of results, the AOFAS (American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society) score was used. Results. The endoscopic findings in all patients revealed a hypertrophic retrocalcaneal bursa and prominence at the posterosuperior part of the calcaneus, generating pressure on the Achilles tendon. By employing the three-portal technique, considerably better visualization is obtained, enabling easy removal of the degenerated tissue. The radiographic control image was satisfactory. The result of the AOFAS score showed a significant improvement after the surgery. Conclusion. The endoscopic approach and the use of the three-portal technique in resolving Haglund?s syndrome is a secure procedure that produces good results. It enables faster recovery and fewer complications compared to open surgery.
Length of IPO Prospectus and Individual Investors’ Demand for IPO Shares
Authors: Cho Meeok , Choi Sunhwa , Kim Sehee , Lee Woo-Jong
Published: October 2023

SYNOPSIS

Prior studies on readability suggest that lengthy corporate reports are difficult to process and may discourage investors’ capital market participation. However, longer reports that contain additional information may actually benefit individual investors, who typically rely on public information. Using a regulatory change that requires firms to disclose additional items in the IPO prospectus, we find that the new regulation increased individual investors’ demand for IPO stocks with longer prospectuses. These results suggest that lengthy reports do not always reduce investor demand, highlighting a potential trade-off between the costs and benefits of longer corporate reports.

Data Availability: All data are publicly available from the sources identified in the text.

JEL Classification: G18; M41; M48.
Healthcare resource utilization and costs among patients with post-stroke spasticity before and after spasticity management including onabotulinumtoxina
Authors: Esquenazi Alberto , Bloudek Lisa , Migliaccio-Walle Kristen , Oliveri David , Tung Amy , Gillard Patrick , Verduzco-Gutierrez Monica
Published: October 2023

Background: Real-world data regarding the impact of onabotulinumtoxinA on healthcare resource utilization and costs for post-stroke spasticity are scarce.
Objective: To compare differences in 12-month healthcare resource utilization and costs before and after post-stroke spasticity management including onabotulinumtoxinA.
Methods: This retrospective claims analysis of IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases included adults with ≥ 1 onabotulinumtoxinA claim for post-stroke spasticity (1 January 2010 to 30 June 2018) and continuous enrolment for ≥ 12 months pre- and post-index (first onabotulinumtoxinA claim date). All-cause and spasticity-related healthcare resource utilization and costs were compared 12 months pre- and post-index (McNemar’s χ2 test or paired t-test). A subgroup analysis assessed effect of stroke-to-index interval on costs.
Results: Among 735 patients, mean (standard deviation) stroke-date-to-index-date interval was 284.5 (198.8) days. Decreases were observed post-index for mean all-cause outpatient (62.9 vs 60.5; p ≤ 0.05) and emergency department visits (1.1 vs 0.8; p ≤ 0.0001), and hospital admissions (1.5 vs 0.4; p ≤ 0.0001). Increase in prescription fills (43.0 vs 53.7) was seen post-index. Post-index decreases in all-cause (–66%) and spasticity-related (–51%) costs were driven by reduced inpatient care costs. Findings were consistent regardless of stroke-date-to-index-date interval.
Conclusion: Significant reductions in healthcare resource utilization and costs were observed after 1 year of post-stroke spasticity management including onabotulinumtoxinA. Long-term studies are needed to establish causality.
BOOK REVIEW: LANGUAGE CURRICULUM DESIGN
Authors: Astri Zul , Noer Fhadli
Published: October 2023

This book review analyzes "Language Curriculum Design" by I.S.P Nation and John Macalister, published in 2010 by Routledge. The review examines each chapter of the book in detail, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of each section. The book provides a comprehensive and practical guide to language curriculum design, covering all aspects of the process from beginning to end. The authors present a variety of approaches to curriculum design, including negotiated syllabuses, adapting existing course books, and introducing change, and provide numerous examples, case studies, and sample materials to illustrate their points. The review notes that while the book is primarily focused on classroom-based language programs and may be less useful for other contexts, it draws on a wide range of research and theory in the field of language teaching and learning, making it a valuable resource for anyone interested in the subject. The review concludes that "Language Curriculum Design" is a useful and informative guide to curriculum design for language teachers and educators.
Evaluación de la capacidad aeróbica en hombres y mujeres universitarios posterior a la pandemia SARS-COV2
Authors: Castineyra Mendoza Santiago , Barradas Peregrina Alejandro
Published: October 2023

Uno de los efectos negativos que nos ha dejado la pandemia relacionado a la salud pública, ha sido los estilos de vida sedentarios, debido al confinamiento, en el cual los universitarios adoptaron estilos de vida sedentarios, afectando directamente si capacidad aeróbica. Es por ello que el objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar la capacidad aeróbica en hombres y mujeres universitarios, posterior a la pandemia generada por el SARS-COV2. La muestra estuvo conformada por 1287 estudiantes de la Universidad Veracruzana, con un promedio de edad 18.6 ± 1.78 años, de los cuales 652 universitarios fueron del género masculino (50.7%) y 635 correspondiente al género femenino (49.3%), a los cuales se les aplico el Test de Cooper, para la evaluación de su capacidad aerobica, misma que se llevó acabo en la pista atlética de 400m planos de la Facultad de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación. Posterior a la obtención de datos, el análisis se realizó con el software estadístico IBM SPSS v.25. Los resultados posteriores al análisis arrojaron que las mujeres presentan niveles de capacidad muy bajos (31.7%) y el 68.3% en niveles bajos, por parte de los hombres, cuentan con un 50.6% en niveles bajos y el 49.4% en un nivel regular, se aplicó la prueba, t student para muestras independientes la cual arrojó significancia (p<0,001) respecto a la capacidad aeróbica entre hombres y mujeres. En conclusión, la capacidad aeróbica en hombres y mujeres universitarios se encuentra comprometida en niveles deficientes, siendo las mujeres con las deficiencias más acentuadas.
Pierwsze polonijne „wesołe gazetki” w Ameryce Północnej. Część I: Od „Osy” do „Kikiera”
Authors: Gerasik Janusz
Published: October 2023

Pierwsze czasopismo polskojęzyczne na półkuli zachodniej „Echo z Polski” powstało w Nowym Jorku w 1863 r. Także nad Hudsonem ujrzało światło dzienne pierwsze polonijne pismo humorystyczne w USA. Był to tygodnik „Osa”, założony przez Juliana Czupkę w roku 1886. Żywot „Osy” trwał ledwie kilka miesięcy, lecz po jej upadku pojawiły się w innych miastach kolejne „wesołe gazetki”: „Bocian”, „Kukuryku”, „Śmiech”, „Zabawny Kuryerek”, „Kikier”. Artykuł przedstawia zarys dziejów pierwszych sześciu pism humorystyczno-satyrycznych, które bawiły polskich czytelników w USA w XIX stuleciu, oraz sylwetki wybranych redaktorów.
A Sociological Panorama after the Great War. A Central and Eastern European Comparatist Attempt
Authors: Rostás Zoltán
Published: October 2023

This article attempts to draw a general outline of comparative Central and Eastern European sociology. It focuses on the year 1918, when the Great War ended, and it explores the background and continuation of the (re)birth of sociology. The study is justified by the fact that the history of the national schools of sociology has been approached in correlation with Western centres, and therefore a regional approach is needed. First, the study differentiates between countries that were allied to the victorious powers in the First World War and countries that lost the war, between countries where sociology gained momentum and countries where science suffered. In the countries that were at an advantage – Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, and Serbia –, sociology was at very different stages of institutionalization, but it registered significant progress until the 30s. The countries that lost – Bulgaria, Russia, and Hungary – were not only more weakened after the war but also plagued by revolutions, civil wars, and retaliations; they were not a fertile ground for sociological production. Apart from Russia, it is only in the 1930s that sociology started to considerably develop in these countries. The article does not only compare the status of sociology in the seven countries, but it also explores the evolution of the relationships between them. After an understandable dependence on the Western academic centres, there was the possibility for a regional identity to form.
Conflict and Cooperation within the Monographic Collective
Authors: Butoi Ionuţ
Published: October 2023

This research is intended as an in-depth study of the contexts favouring the development of organizational and scientific cooperation practices, as well as of the contexts favouring the emergence of organizational competition and conflict practices within the Gustian School. I will follow how the respective practices emerged and consolidated within the abovementioned sociological school. I will also discuss the organizational climate and how internal conflicts were managed in the school. Using this approach, I intend to explore and elaborate upon the directions already inaugurated by Zoltán Rostás in his research on the organizational development of the Gustian School.
The “Matilda Effect”: Women in Interwar Romanian Sociological Research and Social Intervention
Authors: Văcărescu Theodora-Eliza
Published: October 2023

In the late 1920s and throughout the 1930s, several sociological monographic campaigns were carried out in a few villages in Romania. It was for the first time that a large research group from Romania investigated rural social life using an integrated theoretical system and interdisciplinary methods and instruments. In the second half of the 1930s, a different kind of rural-oriented endeavour started to be undertaken: the “royal voluntary student teams”, whose work in Romanian villages was more oriented towards social action than social research. In October 1938, the Law of the Social Service was issued, providing that all of Romania’s university graduates were compelled to participate in organized cultural work in villages. In most of the activities undertaken by the Bucharest Sociological School and coordinated by Professor Dimitrie Gusti, women participated in large numbers – yet another new feature in Romanian scientific practice. In this paper, I explore how gender, conceptualized as a social, political, and material category, configures power relations within a research group, and I provide tentative and inherently partial answers to such questions as: What combination of social, economic, and political factors led to women’s massive involvement in the sociological monographic campaigns? How did women’s participation contribute to the research endeavours? What are the disciplinary and institutional mechanisms and personal strategies that produced women’s inclusion in, and later exclusion from, the research group?
Discrete Uncertainty Quantification For Offline Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Pérez José Luis , Corrochano Javier , García Javier , Majadas Rubén , Ibañez-Llano Cristina , Pérez Sergio , Fernández Fernando
Published: October 2023

In many Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks, the classical online interaction of the learning agent with the environment is impractical, either because such interaction is expensive or dangerous. In these cases, previous gathered data can be used, arising what is typically called Offline RL. However, this type of learning faces a large number of challenges, mostly derived from the fact that exploration/exploitation trade-off is overshadowed. In addition, the historical data is usually biased by the way it was obtained, typically, a sub-optimal controller, producing a distributional shift from historical data and the one required to learn the optimal policy. In this paper, we present a novel approach to deal with the uncertainty risen by the absence or sparse presence of some state-action pairs in the learning data. Our approach is based on shaping the reward perceived from the environment to ensure the task is solved. We present the approach and show that combining it with classic online RL methods make them perform as good as state of the art Offline RL algorithms such as CQL and BCQ. Finally, we show that using our method on top of established offline learning algorithms can improve them.
International Law Basics of Governance of Subsoil in Kara Sea
Authors: Mincheva N. A.
Published: October 2023

Introduction.International law issues of using subsoil are addressed in many legal researches, which cover the normative content of this term and the subsoil extension of a state sovereignty within the state’s boundaries and also the status of marine subsoil both within and beyond the continental shelf. Taking into account this wide array of research materials this paper addresses a rather specific topic, which is of huge economic importance for Russia, that is the past, present and future legal mechanism of subsoil management in Kara Sea. In addition to that the paper address in this context the sharp change in 2022 the international legal policy in the Northern Polar region, which was initiated by the seven western countries-members of the Arctic Council.

Materials and methods.International and national legal documents of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union and also Russian Federation (which are applicable to the bottom of the Kara Sea) are used as materials for this research. The teachings of the qualified legal scholars devoted to these documents are also scrutinized. The author has relied upon general research methods as well as those which are specifically used by lawyers.

Results of the research.During the period of the Russian Empire only suggestions were published as to the international law possibility to extend the administrative functions of Russia to the bottom of the whole Kara Sea. During the soviet period (until Gorbachev’s “perestroika” start in 1985) Kara Sea bottom and its subsoil were unanimously qualified as a part of state’s maritime territory of the Soviet Union. The relevant act of legislation, however, was never adopted. At the same time, no legal act was adopted, what might contradict the doctrinal qualification of Kara Sea and its subsoil as being under the sovereignty of the USSR and under its exclusive state control. In 1985 such a legal approach ceased to exist: according to the first northern “Gorbachev’s” Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR only small part of the subsoil of Kara Sea was legally qualified as being under the sovereignty of the country. As for the larger part of such subsoil, it has legally received a “weaker” status – as subsoil of the continental shelf implying that foreign states have some rights on the continental shelf.

Discussion and conclusions.Up till nowadays the legal response of Russia to western states “sanctions” after the Coup d’Etat in Kiev in 2014 were always within international economic law. The fact that western countries introduced in 2022 nonregional disagreements with Russia in the policy in the Arctic Region has legal consequences for Russia. From this moment Russia is also free from the former tradition to respect its previous self-limitations in the Arctic relating to such western states. That covers, inter alia, self-limitations provided in the 1985 Decree relating to the status of subsoil in Kara Sea. In such a context the paper suggests “asymmetric” measures to be adopted by the Russian Federation within the law of the sea.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN JELEKONG SEBAGAI DAERAH TUJUAN WISATA DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG (LOKASI STUDI: KELURAHAN JELEKONG, KABUPATEN BANDUNG)
Authors: Nuansa A Hamam , Lestari Forina , Medtry Medtry
Published: October 2023

Jelekong is an educational tourism village located in Baleendah District, Bandung Regency. It offers a typical rural panorama, a center for making wayang golek crafts, Sundanese art performances, and a producer of paintings with artistic and cultural value. This research has aims to formulate a tourism development strategy with an existing art and cultural approach. The methods used in the research include identifying the characteristics of tourist objects, including attractions, amenities, accessibility, and management, identifying visitor characteristics, and formulating tourism development strategies from the results of the SWOT analysis. The analysis results show that the great potential for edutourism in this area is still faced with several obstacles, such as lack of promotion, the need for regional arrangement, and collaboration with various parties. Some of the strategies that have been formulated are expected to support the development of tourism in Jelekong Village such as strengthening the promotion of the attractiveness of art education tourism in Jelekong Village, strengthening management through technology training and promotion for Kompepar as the manager, improving the quality of existing facilities in the tourist village. Keywords: tourism development strategy; edutourism; creative village; Jelekong Village.
Creating a commercial segment of space services: Tasks, conditions, economy
Authors: RYZHIKOVA Tamara N. , SHCHEGLOV Georgii A. , SHAPOVALOV Anatolii V.
Published: October 2023

Subject. The article investigates the process of formation of the commercial space services market.
Objectives. The requirement to develop the commercial segment of space services is driven by the emergence of new space technologies, the need for deep space exploration and attraction of funds from private investors.
Methods. We employ the consistent comparative analysis of space technologies, which serve as a necessary basis for the research. The tools to analyze costs and pricing processes for the services offered are based on an in-depth analysis of various approaches used in the space economy. It also enables to visualize the results of the data obtained.
Results. Justification of ways to increase revenues from the sale of space services is associated with an increase in the life cycle of spacecraft, during which they and provided services will be in demand by a wide range of solvent consumers. The paper considers practical and theoretical knowledge of the problem, offers an approach to ensure the consistency of the process of evaluating and analyzing the prospects for diversification of production at a machine-building enterprise. The latter is a final commercial segment, with which the main trends in the development of space technologies are associated.
Conclusions. In-orbit services can be divided into two groups, i.e. with short and prolonged life cycle. The costs of such services may or may not take into account the costs of manufacturing and launching, depending on the life cycle of spacecraft.
Using the tools of economic analysis in the assessment of sustainable development
Authors: LYUBUSHIN Nikolai P. , BABICHEVA Nadezhda E.
Published: October 2023

Subject. The article considers the issues of integrated use of economic analysis tools in assessing sustainable development. Objectives. The purpose is to identify opportunities for integrated use of economic analysis tools to assess sustainable development. Methods. On the basis of systems and logical approaches, we analyze existing approaches and tools in assessing the sustainable development. Results. Currently, the fourth stage of economic analysis continues to be formed, which is aimed at assessing the sustainable development of business entities. A wide range of economic analysis tools are used, which can be divided into four approaches. Each approach has certain advantages and disadvantages, the application depends on the purpose of sustainable development analysis. The traditional approach uses a significant number of indicators characterizing various aspects of sustainable development, where the main drawback is the lack of normative values of the invariant of development. The integrated approach consists in building ratings; it carries elements of subjectivity. The use of stochastic methods and models can lead to the loss of useful information due to distortions in the dynamics of development. In the resource approach, when assessing social, managerial, and environmental sustainability, it is not always possible to determine the cost of the resource and the result. Conclusions. The developed tools of economic analysis differ in approaches to assessing sustainable development, depending on the strategic goals and objectives. In retrospect, the purpose of the analysis is to determine the balance between economic, environmental and social results of achieving sustainable development, expectations of stakeholders and resources used in each direction of sustainable development, and in the long term – to identify possibilities of achieving such a balance in the foreseeable future. However, only an integrated approach can achieve this goal, that is, to combine existing tools into a single methodology.
Histological demonstration of changes in connective tissue components in uterine tissue undergoing decidualization on days 4th, 5th, and 8th days of mouse pregnancy
Authors: ÖZCELİKÖRS Kübra , TÜRK Seval , KIRIMLIOĞLU Esma
Published: October 2023

This study examined the changes in connective tissue elements of the uterine undergoing decidualization on the 4th, 5th, and 8th days of pregnancy by histochemical methods. The study divided 6-8 weeks-old Balb/c mice into four groups non-pregnant estrous phase, 4th, 5th, and 8th-day pregnancy models. 5µm thick sections were taken from paraffin blocks obtained from uterine tissues. Samples were stained with Hematoxylin&Eosin, Mallory Azan, Orsein, and Periodic Acid Schiff stains. As a result of the staining, the uterine tissue in the non-pregnant estrus phase showed standard histological structure. On the 4th day of pregnancy, the amount of intensely stained collagen and elastic fiber decreased on the 5th day of gestation; On the 8th day of pregnancy, it was determined that the density of the fibers increased again. As a result, both increased collagen and elastic fibers for its placement to an elastic-solid uterine tissue and increased carbohydrates for its nutrient needs and immune privilege were demonstrated in the uterus for the 4th-day embryo. The decrease in connective tissue elements with the acceleration of decidualization on the 5th and increased collagen and elastic fibers in the myometrium and the PAS + NK cells in the endometrium on the 8th-day was noted.
Investigation of ghrelin and leptin value in obese and non-Obese cats
Authors: AKGÜN Şefika , ŞAHİNDURAN Şima
Published: October 2023

Obesity is the deterioration of metabolic and physiological functions due to excessive accumulation of fat in the body. The main medical concern of obesity, an increasingly common problem in domestic cats, is that it is associated with many diseases that accompany abnormal fat deposition. Leptin and ghrelin are two hormones involved in energy balance. Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone while leptin is an anorexigenic hormone. There is still not enough information about these two hormones and there is very little research investigating their connection with obesity. The animal material of this study consists of cats of different breeds, ages and genders, which were brought to clinically healthy routine controls and were healthy according to the results of physical examination, hemogram and blood biochemistry. In this study, 20 cats were evaluated with the body fat measurement system in cats. Those with body fat ratio above 30% were considered obese (n=10), those below 30% were considered as the control group (n=10). Leptin and ghrelin values were measured by ELISA method and their relations with each other were evaluated. Serum leptin (p=0.05) and ghrelin (p=0.001) values were determined in cats in both groups, and statistically significant differences were observed. As a result, it was determined that leptin and ghrelin hormones play an important role in obese cats and are related to each other.
Lower limb muscle strength is associated with disability in non-specific chronic low back pain
Authors: TOMRUK Murat , SOYSAL TOMRUK Melda , KALEMCİ Orhan
Published: October 2023

Low back pain is one of the most common health problems that affects daily living activities of most people at some time in their lifetime. Non-specific chronic low back pain (NS-CLBP) can be seen in 85-95% of the population. Although it is known that disability and lower limb muscle strength are affected in patients with NS-CLBP, no study investigated the relationship between these variables. The aim of this study was to identify association between disability and lower limb muscle strength in these patients. 79 patients with NS-CLBP were enrolled. The strength of knee extensor and ankle dorsiflexor muscles were measured using a hand-held dynamometer. The disability was assessed using Oswestry Disability Index. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that there were negative significant correlations between Oswestry Disability Index score and right knee extensor muscle strength, left knee extensor muscle strength and left ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength (r=-0.290, p=0.009; r=-0.408, p
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF COMPLICATIONS OF GESTATION AND CHILDBIRTH IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN WOMEN LIVING IN THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – YUGRA
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Israilova Dilafruz Jalalidinovna , Kotelyuk Irina Hikolaevna , Zotov Mikhail Andreevich
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of complications of gestation and childbirth in patients with obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women living on the territory of KHMAO-Ugra. Purpose: to study the features of the course of gestation in pregnant women with obesity and GDM and to assess the impact of this pathology on pregnancy outcomes and the condition of the newborn.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXTREME LIVING CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL EXERTION ON THE FORMATION OF ADAPTIVE SHIFTS IN A NUMBER OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF THE BODY
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Dorovskikh Igor Gennadievich , Yurasov Alexey Alexandrovich
Published: October 2023

The article presents a review of the literature, which analyzes the influence of extreme living conditions and physical exertion on the formation of adaptive shifts in a number of physiological systems of the body. The concept and essence of adaptation, its connection with human performance in extreme environmental conditions and intense physical exertion are considered. The main types of functional states of the organism are described. Information is provided that stressful situations caused by extreme conditions exert an excessive load on the system of psychophysiological self-regulation and cause emotional and physical stress. The successive stages of the formation of adaptive shifts are characterized: urgent and long-term adaptation, their characteristic features are given. Systemic, cellular and epigenetic mechanisms of long-term adaptation are considered. The influence of the directed training process on the functioning of the human body in extreme conditions is revealed
IMPACT ON WOMEN’S REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF UTERINE ARTERY EMBOLISATION FOR UTERINE FIBROIDS. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Hidirnebieva Faina Rafidinovna , Appasov Azamat Nurmukhametovich , Ilchibakieva Rosa Abugalimovna
Published: October 2023

Uterine leiomyoma is one of the common causes of hysterectomy in premenopausal women. According to the 2021 clinical guidelines of the Ministry of Health RF “Uterine myoma”, uterine artery embolisation is an alternative method for surgical treatment when the surgical risk is high and there are no contraindications in patients who are not planning a pregnancy.
ACCESSORY LOBE OF THE LUNG IS A RARE MALFORMATION
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Adzhalavova Emilya Rustamovna , Dzhafarova Bakhaly Zulfigarovna , Vasiliev Pavel Valerievich , Klimovich Nikita Vladimirovich ,   Regional Hospital of Khanty-Mansiysk autonomus District – Ugra
Published: October 2023

A variant anatomical feature of the structure of the lungs is the result of a disorder of the processes of organ formation during prenatal development. One of the rare anomalies of important clinical significance is the accessory lobe of the lung. This congenital malformation may be asymptomatic, but at an older age it may have life-threatening clinical manifestations. In case of development of pathological changes in the tissue of the additional lobe, surgical treatment is required.
MACRO- AND MICRONUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF THE DAILY DIET OF STUDENTS OF KHMAO-YUGRA WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Abdalieva Azizakhon Zhalaliddinovna , Gadaev Saidakhmed Shakirovich
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the macro- and micronutrient composition of the daily diet of students of KhMAO Yugra with different levels of physical activity. Athletes were found to have a slight caloric deficit against the background of optimal protein intake, excess fat and insufficient carbohydrates, reduced consumption of bioelements and vitamins, with the exception of Fe and vitamin A. In young men who do not engage in sports, a decrease in the energy value of the diet and a deficiency of macro- and micronutrients, expressed to a greater extent, were revealed.
MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HEPATOCYTES UNDER INFLUENCE OF GENERAL VIBRATION (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)
Authors:   Kirov State Medical University, Vishnyakov Alexey Vladimirovich , Pundareva Irina Alexandrovna , Rasputin Pavel Gennadievic , Okulova Iraida Ivanovna ,   FGBNU Vserojssijskogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo instituta ohotnich’eggo hozjajstva i zverovodstva  (VNIIOZ) im. prof. B.M. Zhitkova
Published: October 2023

Conducted morphometric studies of the liver, under the influence of vibration in the experiment. Vibration was carried out for 10 days, slaughter time: after 7 days. (I group) and after 14 days. (Group II) Control – a group of intact rats. The morphometric study determined: the area of normal hepatocytes, the area of the nucleus of normal hepatocytes, the area of the cytoplasm of normal hepatocytes, the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR) of normal hepatocytes. As a result of the research, we obtained the results of a significant increase in all the studied parameters after 7 days. After exposure to vibration indicates the pathological effect of vibration on the animal organism and requires the inclusion of compensatory adaptive reactions, as evidenced, in particular, by an increase in NCR, at the same time, the unreliability of differences in such indicators as the area of hepatocytes and, accordingly, the cytoplasm after 14 days. , indicates a clear trend towards normalization of the parenchyma of the organ.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BASIC METABOLISM INDICATORS OBTAINED BY INDIRECT CALORIMETRY AND BIOIMPEDANCE
Authors:   Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Dydymov Nadirbek Alimsoltanovich , Koynosov Andrey Petrovich
Published: October 2023

The article presents an analysis of the results of the study of basic metabolism in athletes using indirect calorimetry and bioimpedance. The analysis of the obtained data revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05) intergroup differences in the indicators of the basic metabolism of athletes and the control group, and did not reveal statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in the indicators of basic metabolism in the same athletes obtained by different methods.