bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kształtowanie się pozycji prawnej i funkcji wojewody na przestrzeni lat
Authors: Ura Elżbieta
Published: March 2023

The aim of this article is to present legal solutions showing the legal position and basic functions of a voivode, taking into account the definition of his constitutional position in the period from the Second Republic of Poland to the present. This is an organ of government administration that has appeared in the system of administrative bodies since the interwar period, with the exception of the years 1950–1973. This interval was the result of the solutions adopted in the Act of 20 March 1950 on local organs of uniform state authority. The competences of voivodes were then assumed by the presidencies of the voivodeship national councils as the executive and managing bodies of these councils. It was not until the amendment of the Constitution on 22 November 1973 and the enactment on the same day of the Act amending the Act on National Councils that new regulations were introduced, whereby collegial bodies at the voivodeship and poviat levels (presidia) were replaced with monocratic bodies. The solutions adopted in 1999 clearly refer to the interwar solutions, rendering the voivode both the representative of the Council of Ministers in the voivodeship and granting them many competences as a result, as well as the head of the combined government administration in the voivodeship. Recent years and changes in legislation (not least in the Act on the Voivode and Government Administration in the Voivodeship) have significantly strengthened the voivode’s position as a political body. The adopted solutions have clearly subordinated the voivode to the Prime Minister in both the official and personal sphere. The Prime Minister directs the activity of the voivode, issuing guidelines and orders in this respect, demanding the submission of reports on the activity of the voivode and conducting a periodic evaluation of their work, in addition to supervising the activity of the voivode based on the criterion of the compliance of his/her actions with the policy of the Council of Ministers.
Pozasądowe prawne modele kompensacji szkód medycznych – analiza prawno-porównawcza
Authors: Świątek Karolina
Published: March 2023

The article addresses the topic of alternative legal models for pursuing out-of-court claims for medical damages, taking as its starting thesis the inefficiency of the Polish model stemming from its faulty legal construction. The purpose of the article is to conduct a legal analysis of the Polish alternative model of medical damage compensation, with particular attention to de lege ferenda postulates presented in the legal doctrine. In addition, in order to show the possible directions of legislative changes, the article presents the characteristics of selected foreign alternative models of medical damage compensation, including the model operating in New Zealand, which is an example of a model that can be classified as ‘no-fault’, the German model and the French model. The article culminates with an analysis of the draft of the Law on Quality in Health Care and Patient Safety to the extent that the draft provides for a new legal regulation of the alternative model for the out-of-court settlement of medical damage claims. The purpose of this analysis was to see whether the legislator has recognized the demands for change articulated in the legal doctrine, and whether the draft law on quality in health care and patient safety is inspired by solutions adopted in foreign legislation in terms of the legal construction of the alternative model of compensation for medical damages. The analysis here confirms the initial thesis of the work and leads to the conclusion that the draft law on quality in health care and patient safety takes into account many proposals constructed in the legal doctrine in connection with regulating an alternative model for the compensation of medical damages. It is also clear that the proposed model is inspired by some solutions that have been successful in other countries. Nevertheless, the article distinguishes proposed regulations that may still raise doubts and reservations.
Obowiązki dokumentacyjne dysponentów zabytków nieruchomych zagospodarowanych na cele użytkowe a praktyka stosowania art. 25 ust. 1 ustawy o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami
Authors: Lizak Agata
Published: March 2023

Article 25 of the Act on the Protection and Care of Historical Monuments (hereinafter: u.o.z.o.z.) imposes some obligations on owners or property holders of listed immovable historic monuments that have been adapted for utility functions. These obligations include holding conservator’s documentation and having a programme of the preservation works and program of the development of the monument and its surroundings (both programmes shall receive the consent of the voivodeship historic preservation officer). This provision is the only one in the Act that strictly concerns the adaptation of historic monuments. Despite this fact, it is not fully applied in practice. The first reason for this is that there is no sanction if somebody does not hold the required documentation. Secondly, regulations are insufficiently precise, for example, the procedure for reaching an agreement with preservation officer is not specified. The article is based on empirical research carried out in selected voivodeship historic preservation offices. The text focuses on the problem of how article 25 of u.o.z.o.z. is applied in practice. It transpires that some voivodeship historic preservation officers do not apply this provision at all, while in other voivodeships agreements are rare or are not reached as an autonomous activity but within the framework of other procedures (e.g. connected with allowances for performing some work). The analysis of documents prepared on the basis of article 25 u.o.z.o.z. leads to the conclusion that such documents are often incomplete or mistaken for other similar documents that are also obligatory, but on a different legal basis. What is more, the practice in the terms of the form and procedure of agreements is uneven – ordinarily, it takes the form of a letter, although there are also cases when a formal decision or opinion is issued. The results of empirical research served as a basis for de lege lata and de lege ferenda postulates.
Local government under stress: How a small village community has reacted to the COVID-19 emergency
Authors: Pagani Laura , Fortunati Leopoldina , Farinosi Manuela
Published: March 2023

Most studies on the management of COVID-19 have analyzed the issue from the perspective of the central government, while only a small portion have focused on local institutions, especially in countries such as Italy that are characterized by a multilevel governance system. Our study focuses on Peccioli, which is a municipality of under 5,000 inhabitants in Tuscany. We will investigate the citizens’ perceptions of the various actions that were put in place by the local government of Peccioli to manage the emergency. We aim to understand the ranking of the priorities that municipalities are required to accomplish for their citizens. A survey of a representative sample of the local population has found that citizens’ evaluations of municipal initiatives are overall positive, but that culture (defined here as cultural initiatives and events) and funding (and culture before funding) are considered to be more important than services. In particular, cultural events played an important role in the citizens’ perceptions because they strengthened community resilience during the emergency. This result can inform public administrators, who in times of crisis tend to make the first investment cuts in culture. This study underscores the importance of understanding how to effectively reach all citizens.
Restrictions on religious practices in selected European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic: A legal-sociological study from Poland’s experiences
Authors: Skoczylas Łukasz , Piątek Wojciech , Olszanowski Jan , Golędzinowski Filip
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is to present legal restrictions related to religious ceremonies during the Covid-19 pandemic, which are not currently in force in Poland but are being applied in selected European countries. The study examines the possible extent of their acceptance by believers in Poland, a country with persistently high levels of religious observance. It transpires that negative evaluations prevail in the case of the following restrictions: advanced registration for participation in religious services, the possibility of only vaccinated persons participating in services, and singing being prohibited. On the other hand, a more positive view was taken of designating specific places that can be occupied in the place of worship, and the requirement for all attendees to wear a mask (including priests and leaders of religious practices). The research revealed a general tendency for those who participate more frequently in religious practices to view restrictions more negatively.
A critical race theoretic analysis of vulnerability among teaching assistants in a South African Department of English
Authors: Conradie Marthinus Stander
Published: March 2023

Critical race theory interrogates how systemic inequities in higher education are reproduced through institutional cultures and everyday practices, which interact with material disparities in broader society. Actors positioned within these institutions can collude with or resist unjust systems, within their means. The discourse analysis that anchors this article explores how contractually-employed teaching assistants (henceforth simply Assistants) contribute to, or resist, injustice while working with students in the context of tutorials that directly topicalise systemic racism. Based on individual interviews with Assistants serving in a Department of English and Cultural Studies at a historically-white South African university where the contemporary student body predominantly identifies as black, I unpack the discursive practices through which Assistants implicate their own institutional embeddedness in students’ learning experiences. I hone this article on Assistants’ openness to vulnerability as they interrogate their own systemic embeddedness, and how they experience themselves as becoming vulnerable to expectations from students.
Optical differential phase shift keying transceiver systems performance efficiency at high data rate optical systems in the presence of Pr doped amplifiers
Authors: Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Krishnan Kannan , Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Xavier Benisha Maria , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Hossain Md. Amzad
Published: March 2023

This work has been clarified the optical differential phase shift keying transceiver systems performance efficiency at high data rate optical systems in the presence of pr doped amplifiers. The Max optical signal power variations after fiber link versus wavelength variations at various system data rates are demonstrated. The total optical power within optical fiber at data rates from 10 to 100 Gbps are indicated. The Max electrical signal power variations against frequency after receiver variations at various system data rates are clarified. The total electrical power after receiver at various system data rates are demonstrated. The light/electrical power received, OSNR and SNR variations in relation to data rate variations are also studied.
An Empirical Study of Regulatory Capture in Kenya’s Maize Seed Sector
Authors: Van Dycke Lodewijk Guido K. , Mawia Harriet , Rutsaert Pieter , Donovan Jason
Published: March 2023

In sub-Saharan Africa, public sector breeding programs depend on local seed companies to deliver new maize varieties to farmers. Such varieties are needed to adapt cropping systems to climate change. While dozens of small and medium seed companies have emerged in the last two decades, the maize seed market in Kenya remains dominated by the parastatal seed company Kenya Seed Company, with multinational seed companies making major inroads. We assess whether parastatal and multinational seed companies have captured Kenya’s seed laws to the detriment of local small and medium seed companies (‘regulatory capture’), negatively effecting competition and the capacity of local companies to introduce new varieties in the hybrid maize seed market. We conducted in-depth interviews based on legal clauses with maize seed companies active in Kenya, as well as interviews with regulators and stakeholders. Results show that local companies do not feel disadvantaged compared to their multinational counterparts or the parastatal. However, all of them are wary of the entry of new actors. Moreover, through excessive procedures, the Kenyan government keeps a sovereign grasp over the seed sector. Despite frustrations with some of these excessive procedures, seed companies felt comfortable in the protective environment of the Kenyan seed market and were generally happy with the technical aspects of Kenya’s seed laws, which are based on international norms. We suggest some improvements to make Kenyan seed laws more conducive to varietal turnover, in line with seed companies’ suggestions and taking into account the political sensitivities of the Kenyan government.
One-dimensional inverse problems of determining the kernel of the integro-differential heat equation in a bounded domain
Authors: Durdiev Durdimurod Kalandarovich , Jumaev Jonibek Jamolovich
Published: March 2023

The integro-differential equation of heat conduction with the time-convolution integral on the right side is considered. The direct problem is the initial-boundary problem for this integro-differential equation. Two inverse problems are studied for this direct problem consisting in determining a kernel of the integral member on two given additional conditions with respect to the solution of the direct problems, respectively. The problems are replaced with the equivalent system of the integral equations with respect to unknown functions and on the basis of contractive mapping the unique solvability inverse problem.
Geopolitical Risk and Energy Market
Authors: Hudecova Kristina , Rajcaniova Miroslava
Published: March 2023

The fundamental aim of this paper is to test the symmetric and asymmetric effects of geopolitical risk on the five selected prices of energy commodities, consisting of coal, crude oil, gasoline, heating oil, and natural gas, during the period 2 January 2020–29 July 2022 by application of linear and nonlinear ARDL models. Moreover, we also study the impact of anticipated financial volatility on energy commodities. Our results suggest that, over the long term, there is no linear relationship between geopolitical risk, financial volatility, and energy prices. On the other hand, we find statistically significant asymmetrical effects of geopolitical risk and financial volatility on crude oil, gasoline, and heating oil prices in the long and short run. We also identify that coal and natural gas prices do not respond to changes in geopolitical risk during the analysed period.
Estrategias frente al cambio climático desde un enfoque de sustentabilidad en el sector educativo de Jalcocotán
Authors: Mercado Burciaga Ulises
Published: March 2023

Uno de los mayores problemas actuales es el cambio climático debido a la concentración de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) en la atmósfera, producto de las actividades humanas. El objetivo de la investigación fue diseñar estrategias frente al cambio climático desde un enfoque de sustentabilidad con el fin de contribuir a la toma de decisiones en las escuelas de Jalcocotán, para disminuir el CO2 asociado al consumo de alimentos, traslados y consumo de energía eléctrica. Para esto, se analizaron las emisiones de CO2 del consumo de alimentos, traslados y consumo de energía eléctrica, se identificó la actividad de mayor impacto y se diseñaron las estrategias. Los resultados muestran que el traslado a las escuelas contribuye con el 73% del total de emisiones de CO2, el consumo de alimentos lo hace con el 24% y el consumo de energía eléctrica con el 3%. Finalmente, se implementó un plan de reforestación y de movilidad ecológica.
Monte Verde II: an assessment of new radiocarbon dates and their sedimentological context
Authors: Pino Mario , Dillehay Tom D.
Published: March 2023

Monte Verde II in southern Chile is one of the most important, and debated, sites for understanding of the early peopling of the Americas. The authors present 43 radiocarbon measurements based on cores of sediments that overlie the archaeological deposits adjacent to the site. Statistical analysis of these dates narrows the deposition of the earliest sediments sealing the occupational layer to c. 14 550 cal BP. The consistency between the dates of the site's archaeological strata and its adjacent deposits allows not only consolidation of the site's chronology, but also illustration of how a multi-pronged approach can inform debates surrounding the peopling of new lands—in the Americas or elsewhere.
The EGFR phosphatase RPTPγ is a redox‐regulated suppressor of promigratory signaling
Authors: Joshi Maitreyi S , Stanoev Angel , Huebinger Jan , Soetje Birga , Zorina Veronika , Roßmannek Lisaweta , Michel Kirsten , Müller Sven AH , Bastiaens Philippe IH
Published: March 2023

Spatially organized reaction dynamics between proto‐oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and protein tyrosine phosphatases determine EGFR phosphorylation dynamics in response to growth factors and thereby cellular behavior within developing tissues. We show that the reaction dynamics of mutual inhibition between RPTPγ phosphatase and autocatalytic ligandless EGFR phosphorylation enable highly sensitive promigratory EGFR signaling responses to subnanomolar EGF levels, when < 5% receptors are occupied by EGF. EGF thereby triggers an autocatalytic phospho‐EGFR reaction by the initial production of small amounts of phospho‐EGFR through transient, asymmetric EGF‐EGFR2 dimers. Single cell RPTPγ oxidation imaging revealed that phospho‐EGFR induces activation of NADPH oxidase, which in turn inhibits RPTPγ‐mediated dephosphorylation of EGFR, tilting the autocatalytic RPTPγ/EGFR toggle switch reaction towards ligandless phosphorylated EGFR. Reversibility of this reaction to EGF is maintained by the constitutive phosphatase activity of endoplasmic reticulum‐associated TCPTP. This RPTPγ/EGFR reaction at the plasma membrane causes promigratory signaling that is separated from proliferative signaling induced by accumulated, liganded, phosphorylated EGF‐EGFR in endosomes. Accordingly, loss of RPTPγ results in constitutive promigratory signaling from phosphorylated EGFR monomers. RPTPγ is thus a suppressor of promigratory oncogenic but not of proliferative EGFR signaling.
Association Of Burnout And Depression Symptoms And Their Prevalence Among Medical Students In Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Zaidi Tafuzzal Hyder , Zafar Mubashir , Ilyas Amber , khan Momina , Ghani Rafia , Naz Rahat , Mubbashir Ayesha
Published: March 2023

Background — The mental health of medical students has long been a concern. Symptoms of depression and burnout are common among medical students, but the overlap of symptoms of both diseases with risk factors remains unclear. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout and depression symptoms’ overlap in medical students. Methods — This cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the clinical course (3rd, 4th and 5th years). A multistage stratified random sampling design was used to select 284students that were offered a validated and structured questionnaire that included a modified Oldenburg Burnout Inventory and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess their emotional burnout and depression, respectively. Chi-square and multinomial regression analyses were done to identify overlapping symptoms of burnout and depression with association of risk factors with dependent variable. Results — Out of 284 students, 13% had symptoms of severe depression, 24% had high burnout symptoms, and 32% had overlapping symptoms of burnout and depression. In regression analysis, higher academic year more than 2 times (5th year, OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.42-7.96, p-value 0.004) and living at dormitory more than 3 times (OR 3.97, 95% CI 1.97-5.01, p-value 0.003) were more likely associated with more extensive overlap of burnout and depression symptoms. Conclusion — There is a high prevalence of burnout and depression symptoms among medical students, with a strong association between the two disorders. Early burnout detection and psychiatric therapies given to affected students and these disorders management training at medical school, may help reduce negative consequences of these conditions.
Cannabinoids And Cannabinoid-Like Compounds: Biochemical Characterization And Pharmacological Perspectives
Authors: Kytikova Oksana Yu. , Denisenko Yulia K. , Novgorodtseva Tatyana P. , Kovalenko Ivan S.
Published: March 2023

Publication interest in cannabinoids, including phytocannabinoids, endogenous cannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids and cannabinomimetic compounds, is due to the therapeutic potential of these compounds in inflammatory pathology. Since recent years, scientific interest was focused on compounds with cannabinomimetic activity. The therapeutic use of phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoids is somewhat limited due to unresolved issues of dosing, toxicity and safety in humans, while cannabinoid-like compounds combine similar therapeutic effects with a high confirmed safety. Targets for endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids are endocannabinoid receptors 1 and 2, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), and transient receptor potential ion channels (TRPs). Non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines do not interact with cannabinoid receptors and exhibit agonist activity towards non-cannabinoid receptors, such as PPARs, GPCRs and TRPs. This literature review includes contemporary information on the biological activity, metabolism and pharmacological properties of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-like compounds, as well as their receptors. We established that only a few studies were devoted to the relationship of non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines with non-cannabinoid receptors, such as PPARs, GPCRs, and also with TRPs. We have focused on issues that were insufficiently covered in the published sources in order to identify gaps in existing knowledge and determine the prospects for scientific research.
PERFORMANCE OF FURNITURE COMPANIES: FROM THE LENS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL, ENTREPRENEURIAL INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, AND CREATIVE INNOVATION BEHAVIOR
Authors: Wan Zaiyana Mohd Yusof  , Muhammad Azizi Bin Yahaya  , Puteri Fadzline Muhamad Tamyez
Published: March 2023

Furniture manufacturing is a fast-expanding global industry that is inextricably related to demography, economic performance, and global trends affecting the global population. Innovation and value-adding have slowed, while growth has been fueled by incremental inputs rather than productivity gains. This study is to determine the effects of entrepreneurial psychological capital, entrepreneurial intellectual capital, and creative innovation behavior on company performance. Questionnaires were distributed to furniture companies. The analysis was conducted quantitatively, where the findings revealed that there is a positive significant impact on entrepreneurial psychological capital, entrepreneurial intellectual capital, and creative innovation behavior. It contributes to understanding how entrepreneurial psychological capital, entrepreneurial intellectual capital, and creative innovation behavior could enhance their performance. This research presents insights into how the furniture sector can adapt to the dynamic business environment in terms of the pandemic and sustain its competitiveness.
On the Role of Insula in Drug Addiction
Authors: Shah Rajesh
Published: March 2023

Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease with limited treatment options and a high recurrence rate. Neuromodulation techniques, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and deep brain stimulation, hold great therapeutic promise in the treatment of drug addiction. The insula is a key brain region in drug addiction, and its value as a neuromodulatory target in drug addiction needs further exploration. This article presents preclinical and clinical evidence for the role of the insula in drug addiction and explores its promise as a target for the treatment of drug addiction.
La Musicoterapia en España a través de los estudiantes: una realidad académica y profesional en proceso de desarrollo / Music Therapy in Spain through students’ eyes: an academic and professional reality in development
Authors: Amorós Beatriz , Del Olmo Dra. María Jesús
Published: March 2023

Este artículo, extraído de un estudio más amplio realizado durante el 2014, analiza la situación académica y profesional de la Musicoterapia en España a través de uno de los elementos esenciales para el desarrollo de la misma: la demanda. Para ello, se detalla aquí el resultado de una encuesta realizada en el entorno universitario, considerando a este como potencial demandante y como muestra representativa de la realidad académica y del futuro profesional de la disciplina, la cual se encuentra en proceso de desarrollo, pero alejada aún de una consolidación definitiva.Palabras clavesMusicoterapia, música, situación académica, situación profesional, estudiantes.AbstractThis article, taken from a larger study conducted during 2014, evaluates the academic and professional predicament of music therapy in Spain in relation to an essential element for it's progress: demand. For this purpose, the results of a survey conducted in the university environment are reviewed here, this being considered a potential client and a representative sample of the academic status and the professional future of the discipline, which is evolving but still some way off a more definitive consolidation.Key wordsMusic Therapy, music, academic status, professional reality, students
Musicoterapia y trastorno específico del lenguaje / Music therapy and specific language disorder
Authors: Herrero Gómez María , Pérez Eizaguirre Miren
Published: March 2023

El Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL) es uno de los problemas que más repercusiones tiene a nivel educativo e incluso, socio-cultural. Se ha descubierto que la musicoterapia puede ser una ayuda para la mejora de niños con esta dificultad de lenguaje. Son muchos los beneficios que la musicoterapia puede conseguir a nivel de expresión y comprensión, pero también a nivel personal del paciente. Los distintos planos de la música se adaptan perfectamente a los diferentes planos del lenguaje, facilitando el desarrollo del mismo, por lo que produce una gran mejoría. Además la música es capaz de suplir la falta de lenguaje permitiendo la expresión emocional del niño cuando este aún no encuentra palabras para expresarse. Se plantean dos ejemplos de sesiones para dar una idea de intervención.Palabras clave: TEL (Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje), musicoterapia, expresión oral, comprensión oral.AbstractThe Specific Language Impairment (SLI) is one of the problems with more education impact and also, socio-cultural one.  It has been discovered that the musictherapy can be a helpful to get improvements in children with this language difficulty. Not only the benefits that can be achieved by the musictherapy in the speaking and listening skills are huge, but also in the patient’s personal level. The different music levels can be perfectly adapted to the different language levels, facilitating its development and producing a great improvement in the children’s language. Moreover, the music is able to compensate for children’s lack of verbal language, allowing them to express their emotions when they can’t still find words to do it. Two examples of sessions are shown to give an idea of intervention.Key words: SLI (Specific Language Impairment), musictherapy, speaking, listening.
Photodegradation of three hardwood species by sunlight and xenon light sources
Authors: Liu Xin You , Liu Mihaela , Lv Meng Qi , Lv Jiu Fang
Published: March 2023

The behavior of three hardwood species was investigated in response to natural and artificial light irradiation. The effects of irradiation were evaluated by their color measurement in the CIELab system and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Both natural light irradiation and artificial light irradiation induced changes in color, such as yellowing and darkening, in the wood species. Comparative in-time evolution of changes in color during artificial light irradiation and natural light irradiation under indoor conditions resulted in an estimated acceleration index that ranged from 60× to 90×.The FTIR spectra highlighted specific changes in surface chemistry during irradiation. Ultraviolet light from natural or artificial sources primarily resulted in lignin degradation.
Preparation of fly ash nickel catalyst and its application in catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw for syngas production
Authors: Lan Kui , Shang Shuang , Guo Chaoqiang , Xiong Tao , Qin Zhenhua , He Weitao , Li Jianfen
Published: March 2023

The catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw for syngas (H2 + CO) production with nickel oxide (NiO)/fly ash catalysts was investigated in a horizontal ﬁxed-bed quartz tube reactor. Besides, X-ray diffraction, X-ray ﬂuorescence, ﬁeld emission scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis were employed to study the physiochemical properties of the catalysts before and after catalytic pyrolysis of biomass. The results illustrated that NiO was uniformly loaded on the surface of fly ash via a filament-like coating. Furthermore, the effects of calcination temperature (400 to 700 °C), reaction temperature (550 to 800 °C), holding time (5 to 35 min), and NiO loading (5 to 30 wt%) on the catalyst performance were investigated. Analysis of the gas composition showed that the NiO/fly ash catalyst had the best ability to increase H2 and CO concentration at a 400 °C calcination temperature, 600 °C reaction temperature, 20 wt% NiO loading, and 20 min holding time. Compared with rice straw pyrolysis alone at these conditions, the concentration of H2 and CO experienced a steep increase from 7 vol% to 41 vol% and 18 vol% to 34 vol%, respectively. The catalyst developed in this research opens a new pathway for the utilization of fly ash in the field of biomass pyrolysis.
Caregiver and Clinician Perspectives on Discharge Medication Counseling: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Carroll Alison R. , Schlundt David , Bonnet Kemberlee , Mixon Amanda S. , Williams Derek J.
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES

Children are at increased risk for medication errors and the transition from hospital-to-home is a vulnerable time for errors to occur. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of multidisciplinary clinicians and caregivers regarding discharge medication counseling and to develop a conceptual model to inform intervention efforts to reduce discharge medication dosing errors.

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews with clinicians and caregivers of children <4 years old discharged from the hospital on a liquid medication. A hierarchical coding system was developed using the interview guide and several transcripts. Qualitative analysis employed an iterative inductive-deductive approach to identify domains and subthemes and inform a conceptual framework.

RESULTS

We conducted focus groups and individual interviews with 17 caregivers and 16 clinicians. Using the Donabedian structure-process-outcomes model of quality evaluation, domains and subthemes included: (1) infrastructure of healthcare delivery, including supplies for counseling, content and organization of discharge instructions, clinician training and education, roles and responsibilities of team members, and hospital pharmacy delivery and counseling program; (2) processes of healthcare delivery, including medication reconciliation, counseling content, counseling techniques, and language barriers and health literacy; and (3) measurable outcomes, including medication dosing accuracy and caregiver understanding and adherence to discharge instructions.

CONCLUSIONS

The conceptual model resulting from this analysis can be applied to the development and evaluation of interventions to reduce discharge medication dosing errors following a hospitalization. Interventions should use a health literacy universal precautions approach—written materials with plain language and pictures and verbal counseling with teach-back and show-back.
Cancer and Postradiotherapy Cardiotoxicity: How to Face Damage in Women’s Hearts?
Authors: Peix Amalia , Perez Aylen , Barreda Ana Maria
Published: March 2023

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the two main causes of death worldwide in both men and women. In the past decades, survival rate in cancer patients has substantially improved due to new treatments and developments in radiation therapy (RT). In women, breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death and thoracic RT is a main component of the treatment in many cases. Nevertheless, despite new techniques that limit the area receiving RT, cardiac damage is still an important concern in BC patients. In this review, the following aspects will be addressed: pathophysiology of postradiotherapy heart damage in women with BC; mechanisms, diagnosis and prevention/management of heart damage; and future areas of potential research for radiotherapy injury in women.
The redistributive effect of the Hungarian flat tax and family allowance system
Authors: Krekó Judit , Erős Hanna , Greskovics Bori , Hajnal Áron , Scharle Ágota
Published: March 2023

The study examines the income redistribution effects of the Hungarian flat-tax and the recently introduced family allowance scheme. They were done on the basis of people's individual data for 2007, 2011 and 2020, which yields more accurate estimates than the previous studies based on aggregate or survey data. Between 2011 and 2013, progressive taxation was abolished, and a flat income tax was introduced, along with a substantial widening of pre-existing family tax allowances. We find that the tax reform has favoured high-income earners and taxpayers with children, while the main losers were low-income and/or childless workers. While the share of family tax allowances is somewhat lower for the high-income deciles, this effect is in practice negligible, therefore the income tax system can still be considered flat. The family tax allowance scheme favours wealthy families with many children over low-income families with fewer or no children. The biggest winners of the scheme are the taxpayers in the top income decile with three or more children: these 22,000 taxpayers (that is, 2% of all recipients) receive 10% of the total amount of the family tax allowance, and almost a third of the credit allocated to families with three or more children.
Community action on FAIR data will fuel a revolution in materials research
Authors: Brinson L. Catherine , Bartolo Laura M. , Blaiszik Ben , Elbert David , Foster Ian , Strachan Alejandro , Voorhees Peter W.
Published: March 2023

Graphical abstract
Medidas quânticas: abordagem experimental de medidas POVM em polarização com feixe laser intenso
Authors: Santos Arthur Giron , Huguenin Jose Augusto
Published: March 2023

O processo de medida na mecânica quântica é um tema de muita discussão que gerou debates profundos ao longo da história. É um tema central no ramo de informação quântica. Neste trabalho, nosso principal objetivo é discutir a realização experimental de medidas de operador positivo (POVM) no grau de liberdade de polarização da luz a partir de um circuito apresentado por Ahnert e Payne [1] com o uso de um feixe laser intenso. Assim, o que propomos é simular os resultados de medidas POVM em polarização no regime clássico. Apresentamos detalhes que permitem a abordagem experimental dos circuitos ópticos com um feixe laser intenso usando elementos encontrados em um bom laboratório de óptica. Fazemos uma breve revisão sobre medidas quânticas, introduzindo medidas projetivas e POVM. Aplicamos o conceito de medidas POVM em um exemplo didático simples explorando o aparato de Stern-Gerlach, indicando um bom ponto de partida para introduzir a discussão de POVM em cursos básicos de Mecânica Quântica.
Um aparato experimental para o estudo da força de empuxo
Authors: Lima Jhionathan de , Cionek Marcelo Prado , Poletto João Vitor Parada
Published: March 2023

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta didática voltada para alunos do Ensino Médio que visa abordar qualitativamente e quantitativamente a força de empuxo. O objetivo desta proposta é utilizar um experimento de baixo custo, feito com materiais simples, para mostrar e explorar a existência e causa do empuxo, além de estruturar um modelo matemático para o cálculo de tal força. Este experimento é útil também para reforçar e demonstrar conceitos sobre hidrostática como pressão e lei de Stevin, que são importantes para o entendimento e análise da força de empuxo. Esta proposta faz parte de um projeto apresentado pelos autores na disciplina Projetos Integrados de Ensino de Física 1, do curso de Licenciatura em Física da Universidade Federal do Paraná.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Monodisperse Platinum-Cobalt Nanocrystals
Authors: Rosen Daniel J. , Zavanelli Duncan , Murray Christopher B.
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of platinum-cobalt nanocrystals (NCs) using colloidal solvothermal techniques is well understood. However, for monodisperse NCs to form, high temperatures and environmentally detrimental solvents are needed. We report a room temperature, aqueous method of platinum-cobalt NC synthesis using electrochemical reduction as the driving force for nucleation and growth. It is found that colloidal NCs will form in both the presence and absence of surfactant. Additionally, we report a monodisperse electrochemical deposition of NCs utilising a transparent conducting oxide electrode. The methods developed here will allow for a synthetic method to produce nanocatalysts with minimal environmental impact and should be readily applicable to other NC systems, including single- and multi-component alloys.
Bond durability between anchored GFRP bar and seawater concrete under offshore environmental conditions
Authors: Kazemi Hamidreza , Yekrangnia Mohammad , Shakiba Milad , Bazli Milad , Vatani Oskouei Asghar
Published: March 2023

The lower bond strength of FRP bars to concrete compared to steel bars has remained an unsolved barrier to the widespread use of FRP-reinforced concrete under extreme loading. Additionally, the degradation of the bond between FRP reinforcement and concretes in aggressive environments adds to the existing concern. In this study, an innovative anchorage system comprised of polypropylene pipe was used to strengthen the bond between seawater concrete and GFRP bars after 250 days of exposure to offshore environmental conditions. As material factors, two types of GFRP bars (sand-coated and ribbed) and two types of concrete (normal and seawater concrete) were evaluated. Four distinct environmental conditions were used to assess the samples: (i) ambient environment (control), (ii) tap water, (iii) seawater, and (iv) wet-dry cycles in seawater. According to the findings of the direct pull-out tests, the suggested anchor system strengthens the bond and shifts the failure mode from bond failure to bar rupture. Additionally, after exposure to 250 days of seawater wet-dry cycles, GFRP-reinforced seawater concrete lost 5% of its maximum bond strength (developed bar tensile stress). All other samples exposed to different environmental conditions either increased or decreased in bond strength by less than 5% after 250 days, compared to the control samples.
Patrimonio y emociones en el alumnado de ESO: análisis de una experiencia en el museo
Authors: Lucas Palacios Laura , Trabajo Rite Mónica , Reyes Soto Norberto Antonio
Published: March 2023

Presentamos los resultados de una investigación enmarcada en el proyecto I + D “Patrimonios controversiales para la formación ecosocial de la ciudadanía. Una investigación de educación patrimonial en la enseñanza reglada (EPITEC2)”, referencia PID2020-116662GB-100, que describe una experiencia didáctica realizada en el 3º curso de ESO de Ciencias Sociales en el IES Galeón, situado en Isla Cristina (Huelva, España). El objetivo general es determinar cómo se da la adquisición de competencias socioemocionales en el alumnado de secundaria a partir de una propuesta didáctica basada en la educación patrimonial. Dicho proyecto, con el fin de favorecer el aprendizaje significativo en su aplicación metodológica, conecta los contenidos curriculares en torno a sectores económicos con los programas educativos que ofrecen los museos. Los datos se recopilaron a partir de grabaciones de aula, observación no participante, diarios de investigación y grupos de discusión. Para asegurar la veracidad de los resultados, aplicamos un sistema de doble triangulación, una vez que la información fue categorizada a través del programa Atlas.ti. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto, principalmente, que la educación patrimonial es una herramienta didáctica eficaz para el desarrollo de las competencias socioemocionales como son las capacidades de empatía, la autonomía personal o el autoconocimiento y las habilidades comunicativas que, en su conjunto, contribuyen en la formación de una ciudadanía más comprometida y responsable ante los retos de la sociedad actual.
Evaluation of the Cases With Pre-Diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Two District Hospitals in Tokat Province
Authors: TÜRKOĞLU Emine , ÇERÇİOĞLU Duygu
Published: March 2023

Objective: Tokat is one of the cities in Turkey where Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is endemic. Given that CCHF is fatal and contagious,
patients should be isolated and hospitalized. This study aimed to compare the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings of CCHF-positive and
CCHF-negative cases in two district hospitals in Tokat.
Materials and Methods: Patients applied to Turhal and Zile State Hospitals between January 2018 and December 2019 and had a pre-diagnosis of CCHF
were included in this case–control study. The patients’ demographic data, symptoms, treatment, and prognosis were recorded. “Pre-diagnosis for CCHF”
was defined as the presence of leukopenia or thrombocytopenia, in addition to the presence of at least two symptoms. Cases had antibodies to CCHF virus
or CCHF virus-RNA were defined as “CCHF-positive group” and the others were “CCHF-negative group”. Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s test were
used to compare the categorical variables. P values that are less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: Symptoms of headache (20 vs. 18), nausea and vomiting (20 vs. 16), myalgia (18 vs. 16), and diarrhea (11 vs. 5) were more common in the
CCHF-positive group than CCHF-negative group. Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase
(ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and prolongated prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) levels were also
more common. AST elevation and PT prolongation were statistically significant (p=0.01 and p=0.003, respectively). The mortality rate in the CCHF-positive
group was 3.8%.
Conclusion: Even if there is no history of tick bite in patients living in the endemic region and presenting with headache and gastrointestinal symptoms,
CCHF probability is high in the presence of leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and LDH levels, prolonged PT and aPTT. CCHF should
always be considered in patients with these symptoms and laboratory findings.
Koronavirüs-19 Enfeksiyonu Olan ve Olmayan Olguların Hepatit A Virüsüne Karşı Kazanılmış İmmün Yanıt Açısından Karşılaştırılması: Retrospektif Bir Çalışma
Authors: BAL Tayibe , YAQOOBİ Hasibullah , ÖNLEN Yusuf , ÇABALAK Mehmet , DOĞAN Serdar
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışma ile COVID-19 enfeksiyonu olan ve olmayan olgular arasında Hepatit A virüsüne karşı kazanılmış immün yanıt düzeyi açısından fark
bulunup bulunmadığının irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif, kesitsel, tek merkez çalışmasına kliniğimizde 1 Haziran 2020-1 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasında COVID-19 hastalığı
(PCR pozitifliği ile doğrulanmış) nedeniyle takip edilmiş 50 olgu dahil edildi. Benzer demografik özelliklere sahip olan, salgın öncesindeki son iki yılda (1
Kasım 2017–1 Kasım 2019) kliniğimize başvuruları sırasında Anti HAV IgG düzeyleri belirlenmiş olgular arasından rastlantısal olarak seçilen toplam 150
olgu ise kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Bu iki grup arasında Anti-HAV IgG seropozitiflik oranları ile serum antikor titreleri karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen toplam 200 olgunun ortanca yaşı 48.5 (IQR=43.0-59.0) yıl olup, 108’i (%54) erkek, 92’si (%46) kadındı. Olguların 142’si
(%71) 60 yaş ve üzerinde idi, ancak hasta grupları içerisindeki 60 yaş ve üzeri olguların oranı benzerdi (p=0.105). COVID-19 olgularındaki Anti-HAV IgG
seropozitifliği oranları kontrol grubundaki olgularla benzer olmakla birlikte (p=0.062), COVID-19 olgularındaki anti HAV IgG titrelerinin, kontrol olgularındakine
göre anlamlı oranda daha düşük olduğu görüldü (p<0.001). Anti-HAV IgG titrelerinin kritik seyirli COVID-19 olgularında (n=7), diğer COVID-19
olgularına (n=43) göre anlamlı oranda daha düşük olduğu görüldü (p=0.049). Buna ek olarak anti-HAV titresi ile kritik COVID-19 hastalığı varlığı arasında
anlamlı ve güçlü düzeyde bir ilişki olduğu (η=0.988) görüldü.
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız HAV aşısı veya geçirilmiş HAV enfeksiyonu varlığının COVID-19 enfeksiyonunda, özellikle kritik hastalık seyrinin önlenmesi açısından,
koruyucu olabileceğini göstermektedir.
Kimyasal Sistit Modelinde Dekspantenol’ün Koruyucu Etkisinin Klinik Pratikte Kullanılan Kondroitin Sülfat ve Hyaluronik Asit ile Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÖLMEZ Caner , DEMİRKOL Mehmet Kutlu , SEYİTHANOĞLU Muhammed , KOÇARSLAN Sezen , KÜÇÜKDURMAZ Faruk , RESİM Sefa
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bir kimyasal sistit hayvan modelinde intravezikal dekspantenol kullanımının mesane histolojisi ve inflamatuvar parametreler üzerindeki etkilerini klinik
pratikte kullanılan kondroitin sülfat ve hyaluronik asit ile karşılaştırmak.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Her grupta 8 adet rat olacak şekilde 40 adet Wistar Albino rat 5 gruba ayrıldı. Bu gruplar; kontrol, kimyasal sistit (CC), CC+dekspantenol,
CC+kondroitin sülfat ve CC+hyaluronik asit grupları olarak belirlendi. Deneysel sistit modeli intravezikal hidroklorik asit (0.2 mL of 0.4 NHCl) instilasyonu
ile sağlandı. Kontrol grubundaki sıçanlara sadece %0.9 NaCl instilasyonu yapıldı. Tedavi gruplarından CC+dekspantenol grubuna 500 mg/kg Dekspantenol
içeren 2 mL %0.9 NaCl solüsyonu, CC+kondroitin sülfat grubuna 2 mL kondroitin sülfat (%0.2) ve CC+hyaluronik asit grubuna 2 ml hyaluronik asit(%0.5)
instile edildi. Tedavi gruplarına verilen bu ajanlar dört hafta boyunca haftada iki kez uygulandı. CC ve kontrol gruplarında da benzer stres oluşturmak için aynı
süre boyunca %0.9 NaCl instilasyonu yapıldı. Tedavilerin bitiminden bir gün sonra abdominal insizyon ile sistektomi yapıldı. Kalplerinden kan alındıktan sonra
ratlar sakrifiye edildi. Mesane dokusu histopatolojik değişiklikler açısından incelendi. Serumda ve dokuda malondialdehit (MDA), Süperoksit Dismutaz (SOD)
ve prolidaz değerlerine bakıldı.
Bulgular: Dokuların histopatolojik incelenmesinde dekspantenol tedavisi alan grubun lökosit sayısının sistit grubuna göre azaldığı görüldü (p<0.05). Ancak
bu düzelme diğer tedavi gruplarına kıyasla daha düşük idi. Kontrol ve sistit gruplarının doku MDA değerleri arasında anlamlı fark mevcut iken, serum MDA,
serum prolidaz ve serum ve doku SOD değerleri arasında farklılık yoktu. Sistit grubuna göre her üç tedavi grubunun serum ve doku MDA ve serum prolidaz
değerlerinin azaldığı, serum ve doku SOD değerlerinin arttığı görüldü (p>0.05). Tedavi gruplarının MDA, SOD ve prolidaz değerlerindeki bu olumlu düzelme
ile sistit oluşturulmayan kontrol grubundaki seviyelere yaklaştığı görüldü.
Sonuç: İntertisyel sistit modelinde dekspantenolün klinikte kullanılan mevcut ajanlar gibi oksidatif stresi azaltması, anti-oksidatif etkiyi arttırması, doku düzeyindeki
enflamasyonu baskılaması ve maliyetinin düşük olması nedeniyle gelecekte intertisyel sistitte tek başına yada kombine tedavide yer bulacağı kanaatindeyiz.