bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimalisasi Manajemen Sampah Banyumas melalui Desain UI/UX Mobile Berbasis Design Thinking
Authors: Aulia Aisyah Hasna , Utami Sukhaenah Tri , Ma’rifah Triana Umi , Kresna A Iqsyahiro
Published: December 2024

Pengelolaan sampah di Kabupaten Banyumas menghadapi tantangan besar dengan produksi harian mencapai 600 ton, sementara partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemilahan sampah melalui aplikasi Jeknyong masih rendah, hanya 3,33% dari 480.000 keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan aplikasi Rongsokin berbasis design thinking untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi tahapan empathize, define, ideate, prototyping, dan testing. Pengujian menggunakan Guerilla Usability Test pada 20 responden menunjukkan peningkatan efektivitas aplikasi dari 91,07% menjadi 96,8% setelah perbaikan, dengan efisiensi waktu penyelesaian mencapai 0,097 detik. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa desain berbasis kebutuhan pengguna mampu meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi aplikasi sekaligus memotivasi masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi dalam pengelolaan sampah yang ramah lingkungan. Implementasi aplikasi ini berpotensi memberikan dampak positif secara sosial dan lingkungan melalui pengurangan sampah terkelola.
Water Scarcity Dynamics in Central Asia: Implications For Regional Stability
Authors: Mussatayev Seilbek , Muminov Nurlan , Orynbaev Zhasulan
Published: December 2024

This article explores the dynamics of water scarcity in the Central Asian region and its implications for regional stability. It discusses how global environmental disasters and crises affect climate patterns and freshwater availability, emphasizing the critical shortage of fresh water anticipated soon. The research findings highlight water scarcity’s significant challenges, threatening social stability and potentially leading to geopolitical conflicts. Central Asia is identified as particularly vulnerable due to its limited water resources, which could exacerbate existing tensions and hinder regional development. It underscores the need for regional cooperation in managing water resources and implementing effective policies to mitigate the risks associated with water scarcity. Additionally, it predicts that population growth will worsen water scarcity in the region, intensifying interstate conflicts over water and energy resources. The article aims to thoroughly analyze water scarcity as a critical issue for regional stability.
Religious Extremism and Terrorism in Central Asia: An Overview of Radical Groups
Authors: Akhantayeva Sagynysh , Mussabekova Aliya
Published: December 2024

In January 2019, the United States announced the defeat of the terrorist organization "Islamic State" (hereinafter referred to as ISIS). This marked an interim milestone in the years-long international fight against ISIS. However, zones of instability continue to attract radical groups. Today, they operate in Syria's Idlib province, Lebanon, Mali, and Nigeria. In addition, in 2021, the Taliban came to power in Afghanistan, significantly changing the status quo in the broader Central Asia+ region. In October 2023, a military operation began in Gaza, which also set various terrorist organizations in motion and pointed to a global ideological divide. In the context of events in Syria and Afghanistan, which over the past decade have become centres of the so-called "global jihad," the potential threats and risks posed by terrorist and extremist organizations from Central Asia are of significant scientific interest.The purpose of this article is to analyse the activities of the main radical groups originating from Central Asia. The interest is primarily driven by the fact that an active process of institutionalization of Central Asian militant groups has taken place in Syria and Afghanistan, leading to the emergence of new associations. The study examines the conditions under which religious extremism spreads and presents a chronology of the formation of radical groups, as well as their place in the overall architecture of regional security. The novelty of this article lies in the assessment of existing trends, which suggest that religious extremism and terrorism will continue to be one of the main factors destabilizing the situation in the Central Asian region.The ability of Central Asian countries to demonstrate resilience and leverage their internal strengths in addressing threats plays a crucial role in shaping the region's future as a secure, competitive, and prosperous part of the international landscape.
Dangerous Play
Authors: Hardt Deborah
Published: December 2024

Since 2020, orcas off the coast of the Iberian Peninsula have been ramming boats with their bodies, causing damage and, in some cases, sinking vessels. To this day, more than 500 incidents have taken place. Scientists are reluctant to call the events intentional acts of aggression and report that what the orcas are doing can be categorized as play.
This paper investigates the potential connection between what has been called the “anthropause” that took place during the COVID-19 lockdown and the start of new orca behaviors. It will propose that the orcas are indeed playing but not in the way that has been described by the scientific community. Instead, the orcas are engaging in accordance with the Greek idea of mêtis, a concept that employs a cunning intelligence to outwit strong opponents. I theorize that the orcas are motivated to keep human interference in their waters at bay and use physical violence under the guise of play to achieve this goal, challenging the narrative of human exceptionalism in the process.
Co-Incidence of Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus in oral cancer Patients: A pilot study.
Authors: Bibi Iqra , Sarwar Sumaira , Ashfaq Afsheen , Alvi Iqbal Ahmad , Saleem Afshan , Sabir Maimoona , Muhammad Ikram
Published: December 2024

Oral carcinoma is a major disease and leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It is the most common malignant epithelial carcinoma affecting the oral cavity, 95% of the carcinoma of the oral cavity is squamous cell type in nature. Major risk factors associated with oral carcinoma are abnormal use of alcohol, smoking, and viruses like Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). The current study was designed to detect the different genes of HPV and EBV in oral carcinoma patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 150 blood samples from oral cancer patients and 156 from healthy individuals were collected. Blood samples of patients along with control samples were screened for HPV and EBV infection for which genomic DNA was extracted by phenol/chloroform method. HPV and EBV detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction on agarose gel electrophoresis. Among 150 oral cases, 118 (79%) were males and 32 (21%) were females. HPV 56 (37%) and EBV 48 (32%) were detected in oral cancer patients, while co-infection of HPV/EBV 22 (14.6%) was detected in oral cancer cases. Taken together, it is concluded that HPV and EBV infection, poor oral hygiene and tobacco products can be the main environmental factors for the development and progression of oral carcinoma in the Pakistani population. Future research with a large sample size is needed to elucidate the mechanism involved in HPV and EBV infection and oral carcinoma.
Perioperative use of pulmonary artery catheter in a patient with severe chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension undergoing major gynaecological surgery A case report
Authors:   Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Kekec Laura
Published: December 2024

Pulmonary Hypertension PH is one of the major risk factors for increased perioperative morbidity and mortality. It is crucial to prepare such patients preoperatively and to try to avoid substantial hemodynamic changes with optimal anaesthetic management.
Targeting BCMA with belantamab mafodotin A review of mechanisms, clinical efficacy and future directions
Authors:   Researcher, Internal medicine, New York Medical College St. Clares St. Mary’s, New Jersey, USA., Sayyaparaju Mahith Varma
Published: December 2024

Multiple Myeloma MM remains a challenging and incurable malignancy, particularly in patients with severe relapsed/refractory RRMM disease who struggle to achieve significant response despite being on combination therapy 1.
Enhancing Healthcare Through Metaheuristic Based Deep Learning: Microarray Gene Expression Image Classification Model
Authors: B. Shyamala Gowri
Published: December 2024

Microarray gene expression data analysis has revolutionized genomics by providing insights into the genetic basis of diseases, including cancer. However, the high dimensionality of microarray data poses significant challenges for accurate classification, often leading to overfitting and poor generalization. This study proposes a novel framework that integrates the DNA Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (DNABERT) with the Mayfly Optimization Algorithm (MFO) to improve the classification accuracy of microarray gene expression data. DNABERT, a transformer-based model pretrained on genomic sequences, excels in learning complex gene interactions through bidirectional contextual embeddings. MFO, a bio-inspired optimization technique, addresses feature selection and hyperparameter tuning by balancing exploration and exploitation in high-dimensional search spaces. The framework, DNABERT-MFO, leverages MFO to identify the most relevant gene subsets and optimize DNABERT's hyperparameters, improving the model’s performance. Evaluations conducted on multiple microarray datasets, demonstrate that DNABERT-MFO with overall accuracy of above 80%  significantly outperforms traditional machine learning methods and standalone deep learning models in classification accuracy. This integrated method not only enhances the robustness of gene expression data analysis but also offers a powerful tool for research and clinical applications in genomics. The proposed method addresses key limitations of existing techniques and provides a promising avenue for future advancements in gene expression classification.
3D-printed textile-reinforced concrete
Authors: Stolyarov Oleg , Dontsova Anna , Kozinec G.
Published: December 2024

A paper proposes the technological solution for the use of textile reinforcement with the additive technologies in the construction. This solution involves the preliminary manufacture of reinforcing frames. Those are the textile reinforcing net made of an alkali-resistant basic knitted fiberglass with an integrated layer of wall insulation. The treatment of reinforcing net with liquid glass increases the strength characteristics of the resulting composite – textile reinforced concrete. The technology consists in spreading of the prepared frames on the printed structure as a nozzle of 3D printer moves. The use of reinforcing net allows ones to reduce the manual labour costs for the connection of the external and internal surfaces of the printed wall, makes it possible to embed heat-insulating material into the wall under construction in the printing process. Moreover, the technology reduces the requirements for the concrete mix, since the reinforcing net acts as a formwork and prevents spreading during printing.
Technological characteristics of heterogeneous building mixtures and composites production at their homogeneous deterministic formation
Authors: Evseev Aleksey , Karpilov Dmitriy , Cherkaev Yaroslav , Yuraskova Irina
Published: December 2024

The article reviews the production of building mixes by traditional methods through scientific literature and patent data systematising. It also presents the results of an experimental study of building mixtures deterministic formation technology. The research dwells on ensuring the necessary level of mixture quality due to the distribution of components at the low dose level and the nature of the process. The article highlights theoretical and practical issues of deterministic mixture formation and observes various versions of nonmixer designs – conveyor, rotary, and birotor ones. The mechanisms of microdoses laying in nonmixers determine the technological schemes for separating the flows of components.
Calculation of massive retaining wall foundations using spreadsheets
Authors: Tumakov Sergey , Golub Grigoriy
Published: December 2024

The paper deals with the calculation of the foundations of massive retaining walls. The authors show the design features of various types of retaining structures. The paper analyses the existing theoretical and practical methods for calculating the bearing capacity of foundations. The paper provides updated computational formulae for calculating loads and pressures on retaining structures. The paper describes an engineering method for calculating the active pressure on retaining structures. The paper presents algorithms of computational operations for calculating foundations for the first and the second groups of limit states in a spreadsheet. The authors describe the details of the computational iterative process of tabular data of the load-bearing capacity coefficients for the soil foundation. The paper shows the results of spreadsheet application to the calculation of retaining wall foundations. The authors draw conclusions on the conducted study of spreadsheet application in calculations of solid retaining wall foundations.
Case study on acoustic architectural practices in schools for children with autism
Authors: Chebereva Olga , Strelnikova Elena
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, teaching children with autism in secondary schools is a new practice for Russia. Its implementation requires special knowledge and skills from all involved specialists. It also requires special architectural and design practices at all construction stages: from the project to the object itself. After competent planning decisions, the most important element is acoustic comfort in speech therapy and other rooms for inclusive purposes. Students with special educational needs, including autism, have a high level of sensitivity to noise with strong tonal, impulsive, or intermittent characteristics. A correct controlled acoustic environment is necessary to preserve the normotypic behavior of students with autism in the schools. Indeed, we should consider their needs when performing functional zoning and avoid artificial formation of a quiet environment for the learning process. Hence, generalising communication skills in an acoustically unchanged environment will ensure maximum students’ integration into social interactions both inside and outside the school.
福利與權利的論辯：客家義民祭典中的動物保護課題
Authors: 石慧瑩 石慧瑩
Published: December 2024

本書探討全球化下文化與倫理的衝突，特別聚焦於臺灣客家義民祭中的神豬祭祀。儘管該傳統承載客家歷史與宗教意涵，卻年年因動物虐養及虐殺爭議而引發維護傳統儀式與實踐現代動保理念的衝突與對立。作者透過分析人類對待動物的歷史脈絡與當代動物倫理理論（如效益主義、動物權利論及新福利論），探索文化自主與動物保護之間的平衡可能性，並提出兼顧道德與文化的實踐框架，期盼陪伴讀者一起思考臺灣社會在全球多元文化中有關動物倫理課題的挑戰與解方。
Age determination of the wildcat (Felis silvestris): a case study of a sample from the North-Western Black Sea region (Ukraine)
Authors:   Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University (Odesa, Ukraine), Oleinik Yuri
Published: December 2024

In recent decades, the wildcat (Felis silvestris) population has been increasing along the eastern edge of its range in Ukraine, associated with the recolonisation of territories previously inhabited by the species. An essential aspect of analysing this process is studying population dynamics, including sex and age structures. Knowing the individual age of animals is a crucial prerequisite for investigating many aspects of their life cycle and population dynamics. This information is particularly important for Felis silvestris, a rare species included in international and national lists of protected animals, for the conservation and management of its populations. This necessitates the verification of age determination methods in specific Felis silvestris populations, particularly in the south-western regions of Ukraine. To determine the age of wildcats, we employed both traditional, non-invasive methods—such as analysing suture obliteration and dental morphometric characters—and methods requiring partial tooth destruction, such as studying changes in dentin volume and cementum in the root of the canines. Cementochronology was found to be the only method allowing the wildcat population to be divided into seven year classes. Cement deposition primarily occurs at the apical tip of the canine root, allowing the use of only the lower third of the tooth for analysis. This is particularly important when working with collection materials of rare species. In the first year of life (0+), dentin fills no more than 20% of the pulp cavity width. In subsequent year classes, dentin deposition occupies at least 70% of the pulp cavity volume, enabling a clear division of the wildcat population into two groups: young (0+) and older individuals. The distance between the enamel at the neck of the canine and the edge of its alveolus is an effective tool for distinguishing young and adult individuals. The analysis of alveolar recession relative to the neck enamel can be considered a promising method for determining age groups in wildcats, including both deceased and living individuals. The use of basicranial sutures of the skull was found to be less informative: the sutures at the skull base ossify late, while the obliteration between the maxilla and premaxilla in the nasal area is only partially expressed.
Ultrastructure of the molar enamel in representatives of the genus Ellobius (Rodentia) in the Pleistocene and Holocene of Ukraine
Authors:   Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (Wrocław, Poland), Rekovets Leonid ,   National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Demeshkant Vitalii ,   Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (Wrocław, Poland)
Published: December 2024

New data on the enamel ultrastructure of molars of selected extinct and extant representatives of the genus Ellobius (Arvicolinae, Rodentia) from the Pleistocene of the south of Eastern Europea, mainly from the territory of Ukraine, are presen¬ted. Among the analysed species are the extinct Е. tiliguliensis, E. paleotal¬pinus, E. tarchankutensis, E. tauricus, and E. melitopoliensis, some extinct populations of Ellobius talpinus from the Late Pleistocene, as well as the extant E. talpinus and E. fuscocapillus. It was revealed that the enamel of molars of these species has the same structure as the enamel of Cricetidae and it belongs to three types described by Koenigswald (1980): radial, tangential, and lamellar. Radial enamel is the prevailing type in Ellobius, which is the initial form in the evolutionary process of other types. According to Kilic et al. [1997], radial enamel can also be divided into three groups (І, ІІ, and ІІІ) by the arrangement of the interprismatic matrix (IPM) and prismatic enamel (PE) in its structure. The first type is characterised by an almost linear arrangement of IPM and PE, whereas the second type is reticulate, and the third one is always located near the enamel-dentin junction (EDJ) and is connected to dentin, the matrix of enamel formation. It was shown that in the lineage of the subgenus Ellobius and in the formation of the species E. talpinus the second type of radial enamel predominated, whereas weakly expressed lamellar enamel of various levels of evolutionary development is present only on the tips of conids (primitive and progressive enamel). In contrast, in the lineage of the subgenus Bramus (= Afganomys) and the formation of the species E. fuscocapillus monotypic (according to the density of IPM and PE) first type radial enamel predominates and lamellar enamel is absent. This line of development by morphological characters has traditionally been considered as progressive evolution of the genus, although (as it turned out) it is characterised by a more primitive enamel structure (lack of lamellar enamel). As a result, we were able to further substantiate the phylogeny of the genus Ellobius with new data from the morphologocal analysis of molars and to outline the prospects for possible use of the enamel structure as a character in the taxonomy and phylogeny of species of Cricetidae.
Features of distribution and ecology of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the Carpathian National Park (Ukraine)
Authors:   Carpathian National Nature Park (Yaremche, Ukraine), Kyseliuk Oleksandr , Kalynchuk Bohdanna ,   Carpathian National Nature Park (Yaremche, Ukraine), Motruk Yurii ,   Carpathian National Nature Park (Yaremche, Ukraine)
Published: December 2024

The distribution and some ecological features of the brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the Carpathian National Nature Park (CNNP) during 2019–2023 are considered. The study is based on field observations and analysis of camera traps. The data was collected by the inspectors of the park's departments and employees of the scientific department. In particular, 157 cases of bear activity and presence were recorded, of which three cases were captured by camera traps. The results show that the brown bear prefers middle-aged spruce and fir plantations (38.7%). Bear tracks are also frequently found in middle-aged stands with dense crown closure (26.5 %), which may indicate the importance of dense forests for bears. Brown bears prefer old-growth spruce and fir stands, which account for 38.7 % of the total number of cases. This may be due to the fact that such forests provide sufficient food and shelter for bears. A smaller number of cases are occurrences in young and maturing stands. This may be due to the fact that such stands have not yet reached the optimal structure to meet the needs of bears. The lowest number of cases was found in pastures and hayfields. The maximum altitude at which a bear was recorded was 1696 m, and the minimum was 745 m. The highest number of observation was recorded at altitudes of 900–1000 m (31.2%), and the lowest at altitudes of 700-800 m (3.18%). According to the authors, this is due to the fact that there are no settlements at higher altitudes and the disturbance factor of animals is lower. The distribution and places of occurrence of this species in the Park over the past five years are analysed. The number of bears has increased in recent years. This is obviously due to a decrease in human impact (coronavirus restrictions, martial law and the absence of poaching). Currently, there are up to 20 individuals in the Park. The exact number of bears is difficult to determine due to double counting and lack of coordination between neighbouring forestry enterprises and protected areas. The data presented here are important for the development of conservation strategies for the brown bear, as they allow to identify the most favourable environments and plan measures for the protection and management of the Park's territory.
Species distribution modelling using MaxEnt: overview and prospects
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Kyiv, Ukraine), Novoseltseva Yuliia
Published: December 2024

Niche modelling of species has become increasingly important in the context of accelerating climate change and anthropogenic impacts on the biosphere. One such tool for predicting the potential distribution of species is the maximum entropy method (MaxEnt). This method is particularly valuable when working with biodiversity data collected from herbaria and museum collections, as such data typically only contain information about where a species has been recorded, rather than where it is absent. It is precisely this feature of MaxEnt that makes it an indispensable tool for biodiversity research based on historical data. This allows for the reconstruction of historical species ranges, the detection of changes in their distribution, and the forecasting of future trends, namely the prediction of potential ranges, the assessment of the impact of climate change and anthropogenic pressure, and the development of effective biodiversity conservation strategies. This article provides a brief overview of the MaxEnt software’s operating principle, its capabilities, and limitations. In particular, it analyses the impact of data quality on modelling results and considers various approaches to assessing the importance of ecological factors for species distribution. One of the key issues discussed in the article is the problem of sampling bias. Sampling bias arises because data on the presence of species are often collected non-randomly and depend on the accessibility of the locality, the interests of researchers, and other factors. This can lead to distortions in modelling results. Various methods can be used to correct these biases, such as the bias grid method and the background points method. Another important aspect is the choice of the territory for the background sample. It should be taken into account that when using projections where cells have different areas, MaxEnt may give incorrect results. The article also emphasises the need for cautious interpretation of modelling results. Assessing niche models solely based on AUC (area under ROC curve) can be misleading, therefore, for a more reliable assessment of variable importance, it is worth supplementing it with permutation importance and the jackknife method. Examples of modelling for various groups, including mammals of the Ukrainian fauna, were considered.
The Role of Agriculture in Regional Development: Determination and Recommendations from the Case of TR61 Region in Türkiye
Authors: Yaman Habibe
Published: December 2024

Eliminating regional imbalances and developing regions is a situation that has been desired by societies for many years. To realize regional development effectively and to use resources rationally for this purpose, it is necessary to be aware of the existing potential of the regions and to reveal their strengths and weaknesses. Agriculture is a sector that plays a key role in regional and national development. TR61 Region (Antalya, Isparta, Burdur) is a Level 2 region according to The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) and has high agricultural potential because of its soil structure, water resources, underground riches, flora, and fauna. In this context, this study aimed to reveal the agricultural potential and current situation of the TR 61 region with a comparative method. The period range of this study covers the year 2000 and later, and the data of the last current year were used in the comparison of the data in the study. Because of this research, it has been determined that agriculture makes an important contribution to the development of the region. The region stands out in many areas such as grain, vegetable and fruit production, organic farming practices, undercover farming, and herbal and animal production. The region also draws attention in terms of agricultural tools and machinery, agricultural investments, sectoral exports, as well as many leading sectors such as food, cosmetics, and rose industry. In addition, because of this research, it has also been observed that the existing potential has not been shown effectively. Based on these research findings, it can be said that cooperative steps are needed to increase the contribution of agriculture to regional development and this process should be supported by policies.
Тооктун жөжөлөрүнүн дене салмагына, канынын гематологиялык жана биохимиялык көрсөткүчтөрүнө пияздын (Allium cepa L.), сарымсактын (Allium sativum L.) жана кызыл калемпирдин (Capsicum annuum L.) таасири
Authors: Aldayarov Nurbek , Tulobaev Askarbek
Published: December 2024

Тооктун жөжөлөрүнүн дене салмагына, гематологиялык жана биохимиялык көрсөткүчтөрүнө Allium cepa L., Allium sativum L. жана Capsicum annuum L. тийгизген таасирин илимий негиздөө. Тажрыйбалык иштер үчүн бир айлык 48 баш тоок жөжөлөрү алынып, 12 баштан төрт топко бөлүндү. Биринчиси контролдук, экинчиси – сарымсак, үчүнчүсү – пияз жана төртүнчүсүнө ачуу кызыл калемпир берилүүчү топтор уюшулду. Үй куштарын кармоо, тоюттандыруу кабыл алынган эрежелерге шайкеш аткарылды. Ар бир жуманын аягында жөжөлөрдүн тирүүлөй салмактары алынып турду. Тажрыйбалык иш 42 күнгө созулду. Гематологиялык жана биохимиялык изилдөөлөр үчүн 43-күнү бардыгынан, эрежелерди сактоо менен, кан алынды. Сандык маалыматтар SPSS (23.0) программасы аркылуу статистикалык талданды. Изилдөөлөр тоок жөжөлөрүнүн салмактык өсүп-өнүгүүсүнө – пияздын, сарымсактын жана ачуу кызыл калемпирдин таасири бар экенин далилдеп, алар статистикалык маанилүү экендиги көрсөттү. Гематологиялык көрсөткүчтөрү манилүү өзгөрүүлөргө дуушар болгон жок. Бирок, АЛТ, АСТ, жалпы биллирубин жана жалпы белок сыяктуу кан сары суусунун биохимиялык көрсөткүчтөрү контролдук жана бардык тажрыйбалык топтордогу куштар арасында кескин айырмаланаары ачыкталды жана анын себептери белгиленди.
Investigations on the Light and Scanning Electron Microscopic Structure of Tongue Papillae of Morkaraman Sheep: Taste and Mechanical
Authors: Demircioğlu Muhammed , Dörtbudak Muhammet Bahaeddin , Aksünger Karaavcı Funda , Güzel Barış Can , Demircioğlu İsmail
Published: December 2024

In this study, the structure of the papillae in the tongue of Morkaraman sheep was investigated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and topographic distribution of the lingual papillae of the tongues of Morkaraman sheep breed. Adult male Morkaraman sheep tongues were used in the study. Tongue samples for light and scanning electron microscopy were taken from the apex, corpus, radix and torus lingua regions of the upper surface of the tongue and the lower surface of the tongue tip. Two types of taste papillae, papillae fungiformis and vallata, were observed on the tongue. Papillae fungiformis were found under the tip of the tongue, on the upper surface and sides of the tip and body of the tongue and on torus lingua. Papillae vallata were observed on both posterior sides of the torus lingua of the tongue. SEM examination showed that the surface of the papillae was smooth and there were no taste pores opening to the surface. On LM examination, filiform papillae at the lingual apex were common in materials. These papillae had secondary keratin extensions on the main body. The light and scanning electron microscopic structures of the taste papillae on the tongue of Morkaraman sheep were examined and their similarities and differences with other ruminant species were determined.
role of prehabilitation in hamstring tendon ACL reconstruction
Authors: Jishnu J. , Muni Sankar Reddy M. , Venugopal S. M. , Bajjuri Avinash , Dusaa Tejaswi
Published: December 2024

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a common procedure, with hamstring tendon autografts frequently used. Post-operative rehabilitation plays a crucial role in recovery, and prehabilitation, or pre-surgical rehabilitation, has shown potential in enhancing post-operative outcomes. Despite its proven benefits in other surgical fields, the specific role of prehabilitation in hamstring tendon ACL reconstruction remains understudied. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a prehabilitation program on muscle strength, knee function, range of motion (ROM), and overall recovery time in patients undergoing hamstring tendon ACL reconstruction. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 patients scheduled for hamstring tendon ACL reconstruction at BIRRD HOSPITAL. Participants were randomly assigned to either a prehabilitation group (n = 30), which underwent a 4-week pre-surgical exercise regimen focusing on strength, flexibility, and proprioception, or a control group (n = 30), which received standard care without pre-surgical intervention. Outcome measures included knee function (IKDC and Lysholm scores), muscle strength (measured through isokinetic testing), and ROM, assessed at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months post-surgery. The prehabilitation group demonstrated significantly improved knee function, muscle strength, and ROM at all follow-up intervals compared to the control group.
PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI PADA PASIEN GERIATRI YANG MENGALAMI HIPERTENSI RAWAT JALAN DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN
Authors: Kusnia Risha Imayatul , Aryzki Saftia , Hidayah Nur , Mukti Yusuf Anggoro
Published: December 2024

When two readings taken five minutes apart while in a relatively calm or resting state show a systolic blood pressure of >140 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of >90 mmHg, this is known as hypertension. Those over 60 who are nearing the end of their lives are referred to as geriatrics. This study intends to ascertain the appropriate patient, indication, medication, and dosage for the use of antihypertensive medications in elderly patients with outpatient hypertension at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin. This study's design and methodology are observational, utilizing descriptive data analysis and retrospective data collecting. Purposive sampling was utilized for the sampling process, and 78 data points served as samples. according to the 2021 Hypertension Management Consensus and JNC VIII, the treatment criteria that were applied. 48 (61.54%) of the patients were female, 47 (60.25%) were between the ages of 60 and 74, the initial blood pressure diagnosis was in stage II category 39 (50%), the final blood pressure diagnosis was in normal category 52 (66.67%), the patient was diagnosed without complications or hypertension 56 (71.80), the patient evaluation was 100% correct, the indication was 100% correct, the drug was 96.15% correct, and the dose was 93.59% correct.
OPTIMASI KONSENTRASI KOH PADA FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI FISIK SEDIAAN SABUN CAIR EKSRAK BUAH MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Paramita Denok Risky Ayu , Ilmiah Mufidatun , Rashati Dewi , Falahi Asa
Published: December 2024

Kalium hidroksida merupakan bahan dasar alkali yang digunakan dalam reaksi penyabunan sabun cair yang merupakan basa kuat dengan pH 13,5. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi optimal KOH pada formulasi dan evaluasi fisik sediaan sabun cair ekstrak buah mentimun. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimental. Variasi konsentrasi KOH yang digunakan adalah 15%, 20% dan 25%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa konsentrasi KOH berpengaruh terhadap uji organoleptis bentuk sediaan. Pada uji viskositas, uji pH, dan uji tinggi busa menggunakan SPSS dengan metode Shapiro-Wilk diperoleh nilai signifikansi (p > 0,05), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metode One Way Anova diperoleh nilai signifikansi (p < 0,05). Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil sediaan sabun cair ekstrak buah mentimun memiliki perbedaan yang sangat signifikan pada ketiga formula. Konsentrasi KOH yang memenuhi syarat untuk evaluasi fisik sediaan sabun cair ekstrak buah mentimun adalah 15% pada formula 1.
SKRINING FITOKIMIA FRAKSI AQUA DEST EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.
Authors: Noviyanty Yuska
Published: December 2024

Diabetes, hypertension, diarrhea, gastritis, and cholesterol can be reduced by Bay Leaves or Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp because of its properties. Knowing the Rf value (aquadest fraction of bay leaf ethanol extract) and secondary metabolite compounds (aquadest fraction) is the research's purpose. Extraction using 96% ethanol solvent with the maceration method, which will be evaporated using a rotary evaporator. Furthermore, the extract obtained will be fractionated using the liquid-liquid fractionation method. The level of polarity obtained will determine the fractionation treatment, the solvent used is aquadest. After that, the aquadest fraction screening will be carried out, and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) will later be used for confirmation testing. In this study, several experiments have been carried out on the aquadest fraction of the ethanol extract of bay leaves. The results obtained from the aquadest fraction screening are flavonoid, tannin, and saponin compounds. For the Rf value of the aquadest fraction of flavonoid compounds, the Rf value of the aquadest fraction of tannin compounds was 0.78 and the Rf value of the aquadest fraction of saponin compounds was 0.88.
EVALUATION AND PHYSICAL STABILITY OF EFFERVESCENT GRANULE KATUK LEAF EXTRACT (Saorupus androgynus L.) WITH PVP K-30 AS BINDER
Authors: FALAHI ASA , Purwanti Herliana , Rahmatin Fayza
Published: December 2024

Katuk leaf extract contains sterols and alkaloids which can increase milk production. To increase the practicality and interest of breastfeeding mothers is to make preparations of katuk leaf extract effervescent granules. The binder used in the manufacture of katuk leaf extract effervescent granules is PVP K30. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varying concentrations of PVP as a binder on the physical properties and stability of effervescent granules. The effervescent granule formulation used consisted of katuk leaf extract, PVP with various concentrations of 2.5%, Stability testing was carried out on this formula by testing at room temperature (25o±2oC) and hot temperature (40o±2oC) for 28 days with testing every 2 weeks. From the results of the study, it was obtained that the preparation was stable until the 28th day, namely organoleptic color, taste, aroma, shape, at room temperature (25o±2oC) and hot temperature (40o±2oC). Research data obtained preparations that were not stable until the 28th day, namely the dissolving time test, pH at room temperature (25o±2oC) and hot temperature (40o±2oC). The flow rate test was stable on day 14 to day 28 at room temperature (25o±2oC) and unstable at hot temperature (40o±2oC), and moisture content was stable on day 14 at room temperature (25o±2oC) and hot temperature (40o±2oC) and unstable on day 28 at room temperature (25o±2oC) and hot temperature (40o±2oC).
Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction: A Study of Sundanese Restaurant
Authors: Bernarto Innocentius , Hutabarat Zoel , Pramono Rudy
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the positive effects of price, food quality, and physical environment on customer satisfaction and examines how customer satisfaction influences revisit intention in the context of Sundanese restaurants in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia. Additionally, the research explores the moderating role of trust in the relationship between customer satisfaction and revisit intention. The study utilized a convenience sampling method, collecting data from 243 respondents through an online questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The data were analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with the SmartPLS 4 software. The findings demonstrate that price, food quality, and physical environment significantly and positively influence customer satisfaction. Moreover, customer satisfaction has a strong positive impact on revisit intention. However, the moderating role of trust in the relationship between customer satisfaction and revisit intention was not supported. These results emphasize that price perception, food quality, and physical environment are critical drivers of customer satisfaction and revisit intentions. Restaurant managers should focus on improving these factors to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. The absence of trust's moderating role suggests that alternative approaches or specific conditions may be necessary for trust to influence customer behavior meaningfully in this context.
Interplay between job satisfaction and employee motivation among contract labor in pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Valluripalli Chandana , Sagi Sri Lalitha G Kumari , Gorantla Raghavaiah , Paul Joseph
Published: December 2024

The aim of this paper is to evaluate and understand the interplay between job satisfaction and employee motivation among contract labor in the pharmaceutical industry. This research evaluates the association between job satisfaction and motivation based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory w.r.t. contract labor in pharmaceutical industry. This study explores the motivating factors and expectations of contract labor working in the pharmaceutical sector. The study includes surveying 384 contract workers in the pharmaceutical industry. The poll included an updated rendition of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, as well as work satisfaction scores. The basic data were acquired via convenience sampling. The model's credibility and consistency were assessed using Confirmation Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structured Equation Modelling (SEM). The model passed both the convergent and discriminant validity tests. The model was also determined to be statistically fit and verified with the necessary fit indices. It was discovered that understanding contract labor expectations for working in a pharmaceutical company (physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self- actualization needs) is critical for job satisfaction. The study was done in Visakhapatnam city with just 384 contract workers as respondents. The model was built with five constructs (five types of requirements), one construct (job satisfaction), and three attributes (Variables) in each need (construct), however there might be more than three attributes in each type of needs. This study used statistical analysis to validate and assess Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs concept in relation to work satisfaction. The approach was applied to contract labor in the pharmaceutical business, but it may also be used in other industry verticals and sectors. The study extended the literature related to motivation studies and job satisfaction, delivered a model by applying Maslow’s’ need hierarchy theory. The model is useful for the HR practitioners to enhance job satisfaction levels of contract labor.
Parental stress, coping mechanisms and predictors of parental stress among parents of children with epilepsy
Authors: S Hemalatha , B Vengamma , M Nagarathnam , SAA Latheef
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To investigate the parental stress and coping mechanisms in parents of children with epilepsy (CWE) and to determine the predictors of parental stress.
Methods: Parents of CWE (n=323) were evaluated for parental stress (PS) with a modified Abidin’s parental stress index short-form scale (PSI-SF) and the coping mechanisms by modified ways of coping of Folkman and Lazarus. PS was defined by calculating 90 percentile values of the PSI total score.
Results: A significantly higher mean parental stress index total and parenting distress subscale score was observed in females than in males. The percentage of PS was 10.52% among the parents of CWE. Distancing was the dominant coping mechanism used by the parents of CWE. Type of family, seizures, duration of illness, number of drugs used, seizure-related injuries, neighbour know child taking antiepileptic drugs and seeking social support were found to be the significant predictors of parental stress in the combined group. Seeking social support was found to be the common predictor for PS in both sexes, whereas duration of illness and number of drugs used were specific to females only.
Conclusions: Interventions need to be designed to improve the mental health and information seeking among the parents of CWE to reduce parental stress and to improve the quality of life of the caregiver and the cared.
Perceived social support, and related factors in patients with spinal cord injury
Authors: Olgun Yücel , Halim YILMAZ  , Hamit GOKSU  , Halil Ekrem AKKURT
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: With developing technology and techniques, great progress has been made in the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury. However, despite these advancements, insufficient attention is given to the social support perceived by patients and related factors in their rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to determine perceived social support and related factors in patients with spinal cord injury.
Method: An evaluation was conducted on patients admitted to the outpatient clinic in a university rehabilitation center in Konya , Turkey. A total of 150 subjects aged 18-65 years were included in this study, which had a prospective, controlled study design. Participants were assessed for depression, anxiety, perceived social support, quality of life, and pain. Additionally, the patient group was evaluated for disability status and activities of daily living.
Results: In the patient group, perceived social support (P=0.002) and quality of life (P<0.001) were found to be statistically significantly lower, while levels of depression (P<0.001), anxiety (P=0.006), and pain (P=0.001) were found to be high. An increase in perceived social support was associated with an improvement in quality of life, particularly in terms of social relations and environment (r=0.405, P<0.001, r=0.276, P=0.016). Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was observed between quality of life and depression (r=-0,478, P<000.1) and anxiety (r=-0.319, P=0.005).
Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of social support in patients with spinal cord injury. Healthcare professionals should recognize social support as an integral part of spinal cord injury rehabilitation.
Mutations in CSPP1, TMEM67, PLP1, and GAN associated with pediatric neurological disorders in Iran
Authors: Alizadeh Pooyan , Najafi Sahar , Neisi Mostafa , Omran Aghabarazadeh Behzad , Jahangiri babadi Armin
Published: December 2024

Background & Objective: Neurological disorders significantly impact patients’ mental, personality, and movement functions, with a rising prevalence globally, especially in low-income and middle- income countries. This study aims to evaluate gene mutations in pediatric neurological disorders patients to contribute to our understanding of these disorders’ genetic basis.
Methods: In the current survey, all patients with maternal signs of neurological disorders who were referred to the neurology department during 2023 to 2024 were evaluated. DNA samples from patients were enriched using the Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon Kit V6, and subsequent sequencing took place on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform based on the manufacturer’s procedures.
Results: In the current cross-sectional study, 13 patients with maternal neurological disorders including 6 males (46%) and 7 females (54%) were evaluated. Our results identified inherited neurological disorders, including Joubert syndrome, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, and giant axonal neuropathy-1. Our data identified a novel missense mutation in exon 8 of PLP1 gene (NM_001128834.3: c.772A>C; p.Met258Leu) with X-linked recessive inheritance in a patient with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. Gene variants, including CSPP1 frameshift mutation in exon 20 (NM_001382391.1: c.2259_2260delAA; p.Glu755GlyfsTer30), and autosomal recessive homozygous TMEM67 mutation in exon 8 (NM_153704.6: c.725A>G; p.Asn242Ser) were detected in patients with Joubert syndrome. Finally, in a patient with giant axonal neuropathy-1, a homozygous GAN mutation (NM_022041.4: c.1177T>C; p.Cys393Arg) was detected.
Conclusion: Our findings can be useful in understanding the pathophysiology of neurological disorders. Also, this study indicated the importance of genetic analysis in utilizing the treatment strategy in patients with neurological disorders.
Lumbar stenosis syndrome due to hypertrophy of nerve roots in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: A case report and literature review
Authors: Hu Nan , Niu Jingwen , Cui Liying , Liu Mingsheng
Published: December 2024

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired, immune-mediated neuropathy, characterized by a relapsing-remitting or progressive course. CIDP patients may manifest lower back and leg pain or intermittent claudication mimicking a lumbar stenosis syndrome. We report here one case of CIDP patients with manifestations of the lumbar stenosis syndrome from our database and summarize similar cases previously preported. We found there may be obvious mismatches between clinical symptoms and electrophysiological studies/neuroimaging in CIDP patents. For refractory CIDP patients with a long course of disease, regular imaging may be necessary to monitor the dynamic changes of nerve roots. Decompressive operation may also be an option for CIDP patients with thickening of nerve roots that has caused lumbar stenosis syndrome.