bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Vanadium Solution Dissolved Sediment in Wastewater from Vanadium Precipitation
Authors: Wu Zhen Xiu
Published: October 2012

Using vanadium solution of vanadium production plants back to dissolve sediment in wastewater from vanadium precipitation，the effects of the pH value of vanadium solution, dissolution time, solution temperature on dissolving ability of vanadium solution were investigated, the research results are showed as following: with the pH=10 or more of vanadium solution, dissolution time for 18 min, solution temperature at 60°C, the dissolution of vanadium solution is strongest, the concentration of vanadium in solution increases from 29.5g/L to 65g/L or more. In addition, both composition and specific gravity of the ammonium polyvanadate (APV) are consistent with that of vanadium production plants.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Cu2+ Complex
Authors: Xu Huo Ying , Jiang Yin Zhi , Zou Yang , Zhang Lian Qun
Published: October 2012

(R,R)-N,N’-di-(4-hydroxylbenzal)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine Schiff base(H2L) was synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR spectra, MS spectra and IR spectra. And the coordination reaction of H2L with chlorate of Cu(II) was studied. The reaction of H2L with CuIIsalt [CuCl2] generates a new compound, the title compound. The title compound was determined by IR spectra, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P2(1), with a = 6.6393(6)Å, b = 24.735(2)Å, c = 8.1128(7)Å, α=90.00 º, β=110.1670(10) º , γ=90.00 º, Z=2, V= 1250.60(19) Å3, Dc=1.382 mg.m-3, µ=1.020mm-1,F（000）=554, R=0.0351 and wR= 0.0887. There are five coordination sites around Cu2+of the title compound, which are respectively occupied by one oxygen atom from one H2O molecule and four nitrogen atoms from two 1,2-cyclohexanediamine molecules. The Cu atom and four chelating nitrogen atoms are coplanar. There exist rich intra-molecular H-bond and intermolecular H-bond, which result in a three dimensional net.
Reusable and Efficient PS-Supported Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst for Mononitration of Toluene
Authors: Li Li Xia , Ling Qi Long , Xing Xiao Dong , Zhang Ye , Liu Zu Liang
Published: October 2012

A polystyrene-supported 1-(propyl-3-sulfonate)-3-methy-imidazolium hydrosulfate acidic ionic liquid (PS-[SO3H-PMIM][HSO4]) catalyst was prepared by grafting and characterized by FT-IR, SEM/TEM, elements analysis, TG/DSC and acid base titration. It exhibited higher catalytic activity and improved para-selectivity than its homogenous counterpart for the nitration of toluene with 68% nitric acid. The catalytic activity of this catalyst decreased slightly after fifth runs in the synthesis of nitrotoluene.
Study on Application as Paper Strengthening Agent of Homemade CPAM Emulsion with other Cationic Strengthening Agent
Authors: Ma Yong Sheng , Wang Lin Tong , Sun Xian Hui , Zhang Jiang Qiang , Zhang Shun Ran
Published: October 2012

Application in paper pulp as dry strengthening agent of homemade water in water cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) emulsion was studied. Good collaborative effect was achieved when Homemade CPAM was used in bleached wheat straw pulp with strengthening agent E and with cationic additives L as paper pulp strengthening agent. It was also showed that distinct strengthening effect was obtained when homemade CPAM emulsion was applied in mixture of wood pulp which was needle bleached kraft pulp (NBKP) and straw pulp, breaking length and tearing index of hand sheet made of mix pulp was respectively increased by 22.2% and17.0% when the dosage of CPAM was 0.8% of dry fiber. Through analysis of handsheet section scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photos, strengthening mechanism of CPAM emulsion to paper pulp was preliminary studied.
Studies on Sonogashira Coupling Reaction of Dibenzoporphyrin
Authors: Yan Jia Ying , Feng Ya Qing , Zhou Fang Qun , Chang Yi Wen , Zhang Bao
Published: October 2012

Changing the proportion of NBS and porphyrin, dibromination of β, β’- π-extended porphyrins was found to selectively occur to the β and β’ position of the porphyrins which is antipotal to the fused aromatic ring. Subsequent Sonogashira coupling of the resultant dibromoporphyrin introduced a carboxylphenylethynyl group to the π-extended porphyrin and the π conjugation was thus further elongated. The coupling products have shown a broadening and a red-shift of the Soret band and Q bands in the UV-Vis absorption spectra compared with the π-extended porphyrin starting materials and the original unmodified porphyrins.
Adsorption of Methyl Orange from Solution by IOCZ in Batch Mode: Equilibrium Study
Authors: Chen Shao Hua , Jiao Yu Bin , Zhang Xiao Na , Su Yin Yin , Han Run Ping
Published: October 2012

The research was designed to test the properties of Iron-Oxide-Coated-Zeolite (IOCZ) for adsorption of methyl orange (MO) from synthetic solutions. Contact time and equilibrium MO concentration were adopted to study their effects on MO adsorption. The results showed that adsorbent quantity of MO onto IOCZ increased with the equilibrium concentration increasing. The equilibrium data was fitted better by Freundlich model. The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0, ΔH0, and ΔS0) were also determined from the temperature dependence. The results showed that the process of adsorption MO was spontaneous and endothermic process and an increase in temperature favored the adsorption.
Fabrication of TiO2 Nanotubes by Anodic Oxidation for the Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Application
Authors: Cong Wei , Han En Xiang , Li Jiang
Published: October 2012

TiO2nanotube arrays were fabricated by anodic oxidation. It was studied that the influences of the parameters for the preparation of TiO2nanotube arrays on the micrograph of the material, such as anodizing potential, annealing temperature. Then it is used in the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC).The microstructures and morphologies of the TiO2nanotubes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that TiO2 nanotubes arrays were fabricated when anodizing voltage is 20V. The photoelectric conversion efficiencySubscript textof DSSC made by this structure is 1.53%, the open voltage is 0.734V, short-circuit current is 4.52mA, fill factor is 0.460.
Impact of H3BO3 on Foaming Action of CaCO3 in Borosilicate Foam Glasses
Authors: Liu Shu Jiang , Fu Gui Zhen , Shen Jian Xing , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2012

Foam glasses were prepared using borosilicate tube glass cullet along with commercial CaCO3 and H3BO3. The influence of relative content of CaCO3 and H3BO3 on the apparent density, volume and pore size was evaluated. The results show that homogenous microstructures of large pores with the average diameter of 1.0 mm can be obtained by adding small amount of CaCO3 with the aid of 3.0 wt% H3BO3.On the other hand, the foaming effect of CaCO3 is greatly enhanced with increasing H3BO3. However, excess CaCO3 leads to increase of apparent density and decrease of pore size, and the relevant mechanism is discussed.
Improving Corrosion Resistance of the Hot-Dip Aluminum Coating on 22MnB5 Steel Surface
Authors: Wang Chun Yu , Zhang Peng , Zhao Hong Yun , Han Fei , Li Lei
Published: October 2012

Keywords: Hot-Dip Aluminum; Corrosion resistance; Fe-Al Intermetallic alloys Abstract. The hot-dipping Al coating was developed on 22MnB5 steel surface. Effects of corrosion resistance with different dipping time coatings were investigated in this paper. It is describes an approach to improve the corrosion resistance of 22MnB5 steel. The results of the polarization curves show that the dipping 2min coatings have the highest corrosion potential (Ecorr) and the lowest corrosion current (icorr), indicating that this coating is a best corrosion inhibitor. It is similar results with EIS for corrosion resistance, respectively. The proper thickness (~20µm) of Fe-Al compounds between Fe substrate and Al coatings must be selected (750°C, hot-dipping 2min) in order to improve corrosion resistance for 22MnB5 steel.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermoelastic Coupling Characteristic for Low-Dimensional Nano-Rod under Thermal Shock
Authors: Xia Rong Hou , Tian Xiao Geng , Shen Ya Peng , Li Wei Qin
Published: October 2012

In this paper, the thermoelastic problem of low-dimensional nano copper rod under thermal shock is simulated using molecular dynamics method by adopting embedded atom method potential function. The rod oriented along x-axis, the left edge of the rod is traction free and the right edge is fixed, free boundary condition is imposed on y and z-axis. At the same time, the left and right ends of the rod are imposed hot and cold bath respectively. By virtue of the molecular dynamics method, the temperature, displacement and stress along the rod at different moment are got. The results show that the temperature, displacement and stress distribution in the mobile region are limited, indicating that the heat propagation speed is limited rather than infinite. In addition, the simulation process are conducted the Large-scale Atomic / Molecular Massively Parallel simulator (LAMMPS) and completed visualization software (Atomeye) in this paper.
Preparation and Characterization of Sro-Na2O-Fe2O3-P2O5-SiO2 Ferrimagnetic Glass-Ceramics for Hyperthermia Application
Authors: Liu Jian An , Yang Xue Na , Zhang Mei Mei , He Wen
Published: October 2012

The ferrimagnetic glass-ceramic based on SrO-Na2O-Fe2O3-P2O5-SiO2 system was prepared for hyperthermia application using aqueous aolution-melt method. Using the aqueous solution solvent evaporation, we obtained the molecular-scale homogenously glass precursor. The precursor was completely melted in a lidded platinum crucible placed in an electric furnace at 1480°C for 1h and then annealed in a furnace at 550°C for 40min.The annealed glasses were heat treated at 1050°C for 2h to obtain the glass-ceramics. The crystallization of the glass systems with different component has been systematically investigated by using XRD. Room temperature magnetic property of the samples were investigated using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer(VSM). The evolution of magnetic properties in these glasses as a function of P2O5 quality concentration was discussed.
Fabrication Lead Dioxide Coating by Pulse Current Method
Authors: Lv Xu Dong , Yuan Xue Tao , Hua Zhi Qiang , Wang Lei , Li Tao , Zhou Yu Gao , Wei Zhi Wei
Published: October 2012

Prepared lead dioxide（PbO2） coating on a Ti substrate by pulse current technique. The effect of the pulse current density, pulse time and relaxation time on the morphology and electrochemistry properties of the coating was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and electrochemistry station. Compared with lead dioxide fabricate by common electroplate technique, lead dioxide coating prepared by pulse current technique is more dense, without hole, better corrosion resisting property and more stable electrochemistry properties.
The Effect of Annealing on Nanostructured Copper Alloys
Authors: Ren Ying Shi , Gong Yu Lan , Wu Xiao Xiang , Long Yan , Cheng Lian Ping , Zhu Xin Kun
Published: October 2012

Cu-12.1 at.% Al-4.1 at.% Zn alloys with stacking fault energy (SFE) of 7 mJ/m2 were rolled in liquid nitrogen. Further annealing treatment has been conducted to the cryorolled samples at different temperatures. Compared to cryorolled samples, it is found that the microhardness of the annealed ones has increased at the temperature of 200°C. The reason for the hardening phenomenon is briefly discussed in the paper.
Effect of Spheroidizing Annealing Time on Microstructure and Hardness of GCr15 Bearing Steel
Authors: Huo Xiang Dong , Guo Lin , He Kuang Nian , Huang Rui
Published: October 2012

In order to shorten the spheroidizing annealing time, the effects of annealing time on microstructure and hardness of GCr15 have been researched by using OM, SEM and Vickers hardness tester. The original microstructural constituent of bearing steel is pearlite and cementite. Prolonged time at 805°Cwill decrease the number and increase size of cementite particles. After incomplete austenization at 805°C, prolonged time at 720°C induces increase of particle size, and uniform distribution of divorced pearlite. The hardness of specimens treated with different spheroidization process fluctuates around 200HV, and is equivalent to that with conventional spheroidization process. It is realizable to shorten the annealing time on the premise of good quality of bearing steel.
Extraction and the Chemical Composition Analysis of the Essential Oil Flowers of Ficus hookeriana Corner
Authors: Wei Gui Qiong , Zheng Rong , Yang Xiao Hong
Published: October 2012

Objective: To analyse chemical constituents of the volatiles of Ficus hookeriana Corner. Method: The volatiles of bungei were extracted through steam distillation, and then the constituents were separated by GC and identified by MS. Result and Conclusion: 53 Compounds were identified. The principal chemical constituents of the volatiles of Ficus hookeriana Corner are Acetal (6.323%)、Benzyl Alcohol（11.781%）、Benzoic acid, methyl ester（1.749%）、Linalol（4.920%）、Phenylethyl Alcohol（3.101%）、Acetic acid phenylmethyl ester（1.415%）、Elemicin（5.099%）、Morillol（2.441%）、 Griseoxanthone C（1.212%）、Prednisolone（3.302%）、Fenolipuna（2.672%）、Norpluviine（1.494%）、Crotonosine（28.115%）、Griseoxanthone C*（2.085%）、α-Endosulfan（1.055%）、1,4-diamino-2-methoxy-9,10-Anthracenedione（3.349%）and so on.
Experimental Research of Tin Ore from Kazakhstan
Authors: Hu Ting , Liu Quan Jun , Deng Rong Dong , Ye Feng Hong
Published: October 2012

The paper recovered the tin from a refractory tin ore in Kazakhstan. The grade of tin in raw ore is 1.19%. Through technological mineralogy study, we found the tin was mainly in the forms of cassiterite and stannite. Considering the gravity process would make the stannite lost in tailings because of its small specific gravity, we explored the flotation to recover the tin. In fact, the grade and recovery of tin were bad by collectors contrast test. Finally, we adopted gravity flowsheet to recover cassiterite. The recovery of tin is not high because the tin in the form of stannite lost in tailings. As a result, the tin concentrate with a grade of 21.56% and the recovery of 52.90% were obtained.
Flotation of a Refractory Copper Oxide Ore Using Ammonium Bicarbonate as Activator
Authors: Wen Ya , Fang Jian Jun , Mao Ying Bo , Wang Shan , Liu Jian , Zhao Wen Juan
Published: October 2012

Flotation of Jinping refractory copper oxide ore activated by a combined reagent of amine and ammonium has been fully studied in present study. The results show that the combined reagent (i.e., ethylenediamine phosphate and ammonium bicarbonate) has a remarkable effect on flotation performance, which can not only effectively activate the refractory copper oxide mineral, but also depress the slime of bauxite and some other impurities, such as cadmium, magnesium and silicon, etc. At last, a copper recovery of 76% with a concentrate grade of 21.65% was achieved from the ore.
Reaction Kinetics and Optical Storage Characters of a New Diarylethene Materials with Composite Properties
Authors: Cui Shi Qiang , Yang Yan Hua , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: October 2012

Photochromism; Diarylethene materials; Fluorecence; Reaction kinetics. Abstract. A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene, 1-(2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-formyl-phenyl)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene (1a), was synthesized, and its photochromic properties and reaction kinetics were investigated, respectively. The compound exhibited good photochromism both in solution and in PMMA film with alternating irradiation by UV/Vis light. The cyclization processes of compound 1a belong to the zeroth order reaction, while the cycloreversion processes belong to the first order reaction. The optical recording results indicated that the new photochromic diarylethene can be applied in high capacity optical storage.
Synthesis of Attapulgite Fiber-Aerogel Composite and its Oil Absorption Capacity under Low Temperature
Authors: Cheng Dong Xiang , Ying Hai Ning , Jin Huan Chi , Zhang Yu Ling
Published: October 2012

Attapulgite fiber-aerogel composite was synthesized using sol-gel technology combining with surface modification and conventional drying to overcome the brittle disadvantage of traditional aerogel. Attapulgite fiber was added in the process of sol into gel, in order to enhance the mechanical property of SiO2 aerogel. Hydrophobic and low density fiber-aerogel composites were obtained in this experiment. Investigation of the removal of attapulgite reinforced SiO2 aerogel to TPH in water under low temperature was also carried out. The results showed that the attapulgite fiber-aerogel composites we obtained in this study had good performances of mechanical and hydrophobic properties; the removal rate of aerogel to TPH was 91.02% under the temperature of 10°C.
Preparation of Composite Iron Oxides via Hydrothermal Process
Authors: Huo Jian Zhen
Published: October 2012

Composite iron oxides are very important advanced materials. In this paper different types of iron oxides α-FeOOH, α-Fe2O3 and composite oxide NiFe2O4 were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method at 180°C for 10 h. The phases and morphologies of the products were characterized by X-ray diffractometer and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that α-FeOOH nanorods were prepared when mole concentration of NaOH solution was 3M. By increasing the concentration of NaOH to 5M and 8M, we obtained qusi-fusiform α-Fe2O3 single-crystallines and composite oxide NiFe2O4 nanocrystals, respectively. Our experiments showed that both the concentration of NaOH solution and existence of sulphate ions affect the formation of varying morphologies of the products.
The Effect of Corner Form on Thermal Transport of Z-Shaped Graphene Nanojunctions with Composite Properties of Crystal
Authors: Bao Zhi Gang , Yang Hui Qin
Published: October 2012

We study thermal properties of Z-shaped graphene nanojunctions (ZGNJs) with different corner deformation. It is found that the corner geometry of the Z-shaped junction has enormous influence on the thermal conductivity. The increase in angular width, the total phonon transmission gradually increased, when a maximum is reached, further increase in the angular width, total phonon transmission will be reduced because of the scattering of the corners and junctions. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the composite properties of crystal for the topology graphene.
Knittability of Basalt Fiber Weft-Knitted Fabrics for Composite Reinforcement Based on Properties of Advanced Composite Materials
Authors: Wang Qiu Mei , Yang Xiao , Gao Jing , Song Peng Fei
Published: October 2012

The knittability of basalt fiber yarn for knitted fabrics was estimated from two aspects. Firstly the effect of 3 kinds of head size of needle hook on the loop strength of basalt fiber yarn was analysis by the experimental data. Then the basalt fiber yarn was knitted into plain, 1*1 rib and all needle rib knitted fabrics in 5 different loop lengths in a flat knitting machine. The influence of loop length, fabric stitch and fiber fineness on the fiber damage degree were studied by means of the tensile strength of the yarn taken from the fabrics for all kinds of fabrics. The experimental results show that for these 3 kinds of basalt weft knitted fabrics there is a best loop length in which the fiber damage degree caused by the knitting process is the smallest and the value is different for each stitch.
Effect of VC Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of VC/Fe-Based Composites
Authors: Wang Rui Feng , Sun Zhi Ping , Zhang Guo Jun , Zou Li Yan
Published: October 2012

VC/Fe-based composite samples were fabricated with different volume fraction of VC in vacuum, and the content are 40%, 55%, and 70% respectively. The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties for VC/Fe based composite with various VC content were studied. The results indicated VC content had a significant effect on the performance and organization of the VC/Fe-based composites and the effect of VC content on the mechanical properties are varied. With ratio of VC powders increased, the volume fraction of V8C7 particles formed additionally, while the fraction of Fe particles slightly decreased. The flexural strength, fracture toughness, relative density and wear resistant increased with increase of VC content in the range of 0 to 55vol. %, and then decreased with further increase of VC content, while the Vickers hardness increased with the increase of VC content. By comparing the material with 55vol.%VC would show the best combination of properties in the prepared samples.
Numerical Simulation of Sheet Metal without Burr in the Process of Blanking Based on DEFORM for Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Fan Shu Tian , Wu Yong
Published: October 2012

A blanking method which can punch the sheet metal without burr is presented, this method is divided into two stages: preloading deformation and blanking. And the FEM software DEFORM-2D is used to simulate the blanking process of burr-free of stainless steel AISI304. By changing the size of relative clearance, analyzing the quality of cross-section and blanking process. The result shows that the clearance has an effect on blanking force and the length of shear zone. which provides the certain fundamental for predicting the defects of blanking pieces and designing the molds. And this method has an important application value in manufacturing engineering.
Dynamic Property Analysis of Mini Wind Generator for Manufacturing Engineering by FEM Analysis Based on Plastic Properties of Structure Materials
Authors: Wang Shu Fang
Published: October 2012

Mini wind generator is an efficient way to save electricity and develop the potential green wind energy in city environment. The material and structure design of the supporting frame is a key factor to ensure the generator work fluently and safely for manufacturing engineering. In this research, the dynamic properties of the frame with different structure materials are analyzed by finite element method. The epoxy frame has the fewest number natural frequencies coinciding with the generator working revolution frequency. And the mode shapes of epoxy frame of different orders are achieved by FEM. A new kind of analytical method, key node component-displacement criterion is proposed with respect to the displacement characteristic of the frame under different mode orders. This criterion provides a new approach in evaluating the deformation characteristic of the dynamic properties of mechanical structures.
Study on the Effect of Slenderized Wool on Knitting Performance in Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Jia Shu Sheng , Yang Lian He , Bai Hui Xiao
Published: October 2012

In this paper, wool yarns and the slenderized wool yarns were used as raw materials, and knitted under the same process parameter, many methods of testing were applied to analysis the wearing characteristics, An series of experiments show that there was a significantly improvement in the anti-pilling performance and air permeability, and the stiffness of the sample became smaller, increasing soft and comfort, but it had little effect on crease- resistance. The slenderizing not only improved the spinning count, but also enhanced the knitted properties by the structural transformation, was a good choice to develop the high-grade wool knitwear.
Synthesis and Properties Study of a New Perfluorocyclopentenes Bearing Naphthyl Unit for Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Ding Hai Chang , Zheng Chun Hong , Liu Gang
Published: October 2012

A new photochromic diarylethene bearing naphthyl unit was synthesized efficiently. Its photochromic properties and the fluorescence property were examined in hexane solution and in PMMA film. The concentration effect in hexane solution was investigated also. The results indicated that the photochromic diarylethene have good photochromic property and exhibit remarkable fluorescence switching property and when the concentration at 2 × 10-5 mol/L the fluorescence peak have the maximum.
Study on Improved Grinding Process of Sapphire with LED Substrate Material in Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Zhou Hai , Xu Xiao Ming , Zhuo Zhi Guo , Zang Yue , Xu Ruo Xi , Feng Huan
Published: October 2012

Method for grinding by adding rubber pad between LED sapphire substrate and ceramic supporting is proposed though the ANSYS finite element analysis, which obtains high flatness of the surface of a substrate efficiently. The experimental results also confirmed that after grinding the 2-inch sapphire substrate in the cushion, the total thickness of the error (TTV) <4 microns and the BOW <3 microns. Therefore, the upholstered film is one of the efficient, economic and highly automated ways to grind sapphire substrate.
Bacteriostasis of a Super-Hydrophobic Micro-Porous Aluminum Surface by a Facile Preparation Method
Authors: Wu Ruo Mei , Jiang Hai Yun , Liu Wen Yong , Deng Jing , Yuan Zhi Qing , Liu Qi Long , Chen Hong
Published: October 2012

We investigated the bacteriostasis of the super-hydrophobic surface on aluminum alloy by PP coating. The morphology of the surface was observed by a scanning electron microscopy. The contact angle (CA) was measured by an optical contact angle meter .Staphylococcus aureus and pathogenic escherichia coli adhesion on superhydrophobic surfaces were also evaluated. The inhibition ring test results show the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 79.3% and 81.1%, respectively after 24 hours’ contact at 37oC, while the Quinn test demonstrates the surface possesses high resistance to bacterial contamination. The superhydrophobic surface is a factor to reduce device-associated infection and can be used in metal practice.
Preparation and Treatment for Oral Ulcer of Quercetin and the Drug-Loaded Chitosan Composite Material
Authors: Guo Lan , Zhao Zhi Yu , Bai Jing , Han Shu Ying
Published: October 2012

With the drug-loaded chitosan as film forming materials, use salivation method to prepare Quercetin-chitosan composite film of oral ulcer and use this film to the treatment for the rat model of oral ulcer. To study the therapeutic effect for oral ulcer of the Quercetin-Chitosan composite film by measuring the area, the volume and the healing speed of the ulcer, observing edema and congestion degree of ulcer surface, and detecting the pathological changes of ulcer tissue by HE staining.
Study on the Preparation and Properties of Nano-SiC/MC Nylon 6 Composites
Authors: Huang Bo Fen , Wang Jun Jie , Liang Han Xun , Li Zhi Yuan
Published: October 2012

Nano-SiC/MC nylon6 (MCPA6) composites were prepared by in situ anionic polymerization，followed by properties’ characterization of composites and morphology. FTIR shows that there is no change in the functional groups of MCPA6 by adding nano- SiC and only physical interaction happening in the composites. SEM reveales that bonding state of the two-phase interface of the composites has been affected by the ratio of nano-SiC. Nano-SiC (2.5 wt-%) is fine dispersed in MCPA6 matrix, which enhances interface compatibility and bind strength between nano-SiC and MCPA6, the best comprehensive properties of the composite are obtained. Comparing with untreated MCPA6, the notched Izod impact strength, tensile strength and flexural strength are respectively increased by 208.8%, 81.1% and 27.9%, while the Vicat softening temperature is increased by 20.2%.
Research on the Flame-Retardant Property of Continuous Basalt Fiber Based on Basic Properties of Advanced Composite Materials
Authors: Jia Shu Sheng , Yang Lian He , Wu Rui Hong
Published: October 2012

In this paper, Continuous Basalt Fiber (CBF) was used as the raw materials, and then woven by the Digital sample looms. Experimental results show that CBF has a very high limiting oxygen index, even if which more than 69%, was much higher than 27% of the indicators of the non-combustible fiber. In the Vertical Burning Test, there was no burning, smoldering, continued burning phenomenon, which can be clearly seen, and the mechanical properties can remain stability in the before-and-after-test. The CBF, would be bound to play a significant role in future of fire-retardant materials and high-temperature composite materials, exhibited excellent flame resistance and heat resistance.
Composite Materials and Bone Tissue Engineering in Sports Injury
Authors: Xia Zhen Yu , Hou Jiang Yuan , Ke Li
Published: October 2012

Bone has been studied very extensive and embedded in tissue engineering. The composite material has also been valued immensely in bone tissue engineering. With the development of exercise sport, the treatment of sports injuries was increase in importance. This study summarizes the significance of biomaterials in tissue engineering for treatment of sports injuries, and analyzed the development of this area in the last 20 years. The focus was put on the situation of research about bone tissue engineering materials, and concluded the research progress of composite material in bone tissue engineering.
Comparative Study of Thiourea Metal Complexes Crystals
Authors: Gopinath S. , Barathan S. , Rajasekaran R.
Published: October 2012

Abstract: The thiourea is an interesting inorganic matrix modifier. Recently, researchers are focusing on growing metal complexes of thiourea crystals. Some of the examples are bis thiourea zinc chloride (BTZC) , tetrakis thiourea potassium iodide (TTPI) , tetra thiourea potassium iodide (TTPI) , tetra thiourea cobalt chloride (TTCoC) , bis thiourea cadmium chloride (BTCC) etc., G.Anand et al , S.Gopinath et al and M.Mariappan et al have reported the growth and characterization of metal complexes of urea thiourea. This paper aims to compare the optical , mechanical and thermal properties of these crystals.
Synthesis, Growth and Characterization of Organic Nonlinear Optical L-Asparagine L-Tartrate Single Crystals
Authors: Peramaiyan G. , Pandi P. , Sornamurthy B.M. , Kumar R. Mohan
Published: October 2012

L-asparagine L-tartrate (LAT), an organic compound has been synthesized from aqueous solution and bulk single crystal has been grown by slow evaporation technique. Powder X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the monoclinic structure of the grown LAT crystal. The presence of functional groups of the grown crystal was identified by FTIR studies. Linear optical property of the grown crystal was studied by UV-Vis spectral analysis. Microhardness studies reveal that the crystal possesses relatively higher hardness compared to other organic nonlinear optical crystals. Dielectric response of the L-asparagine L-tartrate crystal was analyzed for different frequencies at various temperatures. Kurtz-Perry powder second harmonic generation test confirmed the nonlinear optical properties of the as-grown LAT crystal.
Atomic Absorption Spectral Studies on the Removal of Lead (II) Ion by Using Synthetic Nano and Macro Fe3O4
Authors: Kanthimathi Gomathinayagam , Kotteeswaran Pechimuthu , Kottaisamy Muniasamy
Published: October 2012

In the present study, the application for the removal of Lead(II) ion from aqueous solution by using synthetic nano Fe3O4 with the average size of 20 nm was investigated by batch method, as a function of concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time and pH. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm data are tested by applying both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Macro Fe3O4 was also applied for the removal of Lead(II) ion at the optimum condition of nano Fe3O4 and its efficiency was compared.
Optical Properties and Structural Studies on Nd3+ Doped Borate Glasses Containing Heavy Metal Oxide
Authors: Veeranna Gowda Vijaya Chikkaveeraiah , Sardar Pasha K.R , Reddy M. Sudhakar , Narayana Reddy C.
Published: October 2012

Abstract. Neodymium doped sodium bismuth borate (Na2O-Bi2O3-B2O3) glasses were prepared by melt quenching method. Amorphous nature of the glass is confirmed through the X-ray diffraction study. Density of the investigated glasses increases systematically with Bi2O3 concentration. Glass transition temperature decrease slightly with increase of Bi2O3 content and could be due to increase in the number of weaker Bi-O linkages by stronger Nd-O linkages. Fourier Transform - Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been carried out. The IR spectra of the glasses reveal that the strong network consisting of diborate units and is unaffected by the variation of Nd3+ concentration. UV-Visible absorption studies have been performed on these glasses to examine the optical spectra and the optical band gap energy has been calculated. The intensity of the absorption band increases with the increase of Nd3+ concentration. This is due to the formation of non-bridging oxygens (NBO’s) in the structure.
Carbon Nanotunes Supported Pt and Pt-Ru Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of Citral: Effect of Promoters and Thermal Activation of Catalysts
Authors: Ananthan Sakunthala Angamuthu , Vengidusamy Narayanan , Giribabu Krishnamoorthy , Suresh Ranganathan
Published: October 2012

MWCNT supported Pt, Ru, and Pt–Ru catalysts were prepared and reduced at two different temperatures, 375°C (LTR) and 675°C (HTR) for the selective hydrogenation of citral to the corresponding unsaturated alcohols (geraniol and nerol). The catalysts were characterized by BET Surface area measurement, TPD, SEM, EDAX, TEM, XRD and XPS. It was found that the XRD of Pt and Ru shows fcc and hcp crystalline structure respectively, which is uniformly dispersed with an average particles size of 3.5 nm and zero valence metallic state. The removal of acidic oxygen surface group is observed when heat- treatments in a inert atmosphere at 675°C were performed. The bimetallic catalyst of Pt-Ru/MWCNT (HTR) was found to afford remarkably high conversion levels (85%) and high selectivity (95%) provided that a thermal pretreatment was performed on the catalyst. These results can be rationalized in terms of electron transfer from the support to the metal. The catalysts are environment friendly and can be recycled for more than eight times.
Growth, Optical, Dielectric and Hardness Studies of an Organic Nonlinear Optical Picolinium Maleate Single Crystal
Authors: Pandi P. , Peramaiyan G. , Kumar R. Mohan , Jayavel R.
Published: October 2012

Picolinium maleate (PM), a novel organic compound has been synthesised and bulk crystal has been grown from the aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. The structure of the grown crystal was elucidated by using single crystal XRD analysis and powder XRD pattern further confirmed the crystallinity of the grown PM crystal. The presence of functional groups in PM were identified by FTIR spectral analysis. UV-Vis spectral studies revealed that PM crystals are transparent in the wavelength region 327–1100 nm. The laser damage threshold value of PM crystal was measured using Nd:YAG laser. The second harmonic conversion property was studied by Kurtz and Perry powder technique.
Structural, Surface Morphological and Photoluminescence Properties of Nanostructured Porous Silicon Material for Optoelectronics Application
Authors: Pandiarajan Jeyaprakash , Jeyakumaran Natarajan , Prithivikumaran Natarajan
Published: October 2012

The promotion of silicon (Si) from being the key material for microelectronics to an interesting material for optoelectronic application is a consequence of the possibility to reduce its device dimensionally by a cheap and easy technique. In fact, electrochemical etching of Si under controlled conditions leads to the formation of nanocrystalline porous silicon (PS) where quantum confinement of photo excited carriers and surface species yield to a band gap opening and an increased radiative transition rate resulting in efficient light emission. In the present study, the nanostructured PS samples were prepared using anodic etching of p-type silicon. The effect of current density on structural and optical properties of PS, has been investigated. XRD studies confirm the presence of silicon nanocrystallites in the PS structure. By increasing the current density, the average estimated values of grain size are found to be decreased. SEM images indicate that the pores are surrounded by a thick columnar network of silicon walls. The observed PL spectra at room temperature for all the current densities confirm the formation of PS structures with nanocrystalline features. PL studies reveal that there is a prominent visible emission peak at 606 nm. The obtained variation of intensity in PL emission may be used for intensity varied light emitting diode applications. These studies confirm that the PS is a versatile material with potential for optoelectronics application.
Synthesis, Growth and Optical Studies of Mn: α-LiIO3 Single Crystal
Authors: Ashok Kumar R. , Rajan Babu D. , Ezhil Vizhi R. , Vijayan N. , Bhagavannarayana G.
Published: October 2012

Manganese doped alpha-lithium iodate have been synthesized and single crystals have been grown for nonlinear optical applications. The grown crystal has been subjected to single crystal X-ray diffraction to confirm the structure. The crystalline perfection was assessed by high-resolution X- ray diffractometer (HRXRD). Second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency was found to be 71 times than that of KDP. The UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopic study revealed that the grown crystal has good optical transparency in the visible region clearly indicates that Mn doped α-LiIO3 crystals can be used as window material in optical instruments. Presence of dopant was confirmed by energy-dispersive spectrometry.
Effect of Microwave Sintering on the Structural and Electrochemical Behavior of Yttria Substituted BaCeO3 Nanocomposites for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Applications
Authors: Vasudevan Rathinam , Kattamanchi Sruthi , Ganesan Singaravelu , Jayavel Ramasamy
Published: October 2012

Abstract. The Yttria substituted BaCeO3 nanocomposites were prepared by modified Pechini technique followed by novel microwave sintering at 1400°C. The powder XRD results show that the material exhibit orthorhombic crystalline structure. The average grain size was calculated to be as 55 nm. SEM results show that the homogeneous distribution of particles in the lower nanometer range leads to dense microstructure. DTA peaks at 575 and 648°C indicate that the crystallization of the material and the associated weight losses were observed in the TG curve. The 96% of theoretical density was measured for the sintered sample through Archimedes principle. The maximum power density of 788mWcm2 and the maximum open voltage (OCV) of about 0.991 V was measured from the I-V and I-P results. The results confirm that the microwave sintering technique enhances the material properties in the nanometer scale with large potential for SOFC applications.
Mechanical, Water Imbibing and Microbial Growth Studies of Coir Fiber/Pith Substituted Cement Blocks
Authors: Sonia A. , Dasan K. Priya
Published: October 2012

The environmental and health issues posed by agro wastes have prompted many researchers to look at an alternate use for these materials. The present work looks at using coir fiber and pith as a substituent in cement blocks. Fillers were subjected to chemical treatments and loaded in cement blocks at different loadings. Compression property and water imbibing of the blocks were studied with respect to loading and chemical treatment. The microbial growths on these blocks were studied using E. coli.
An Experimental Investigation on the Vibration Responses of a Mild Steel Sandwich Shaft Disc System
Authors: Venkatachalam R. , Balasivanandha Prabu S.
Published: October 2012

The main aim of this work is to identify the natural frequency of mild steel sandwich shaft disc system. An experimental evaluation is completed to evaluate the natural frequency and damping response of mild steel sandwich shaft disc system using Lab VIEW 8.5 software and National Instrument’s data acquisition (DAQ) system. The validation of the experimental results carried out using ANSYS 13.0, a finite element analysis software package. In addition, the effect of shaft thickness, disc thickness, shaft length variation, second, third, four and five systems also studied. The outcome of the results show that the increase in the parameter values have significant effect in the vibration responses of the mild steel sandwich shaft disc system which provide very much helpful information for the designers and researchers.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Study of Nano Cadmium Sulphide
Authors: Ershadul Haque S. , Ramdas B. , Sheela A.
Published: October 2012

Nano CdS has been prepared by solid state method at room temperature in the absence of any surfactants or dopants. It is characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopic techniques. It shows cubic structure with the particle size ranging about 20nm. It also exhibits a strong photocatalytic activity for the decomposition of methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RB) under UV and sunlight irradiation. The result shows that CdS exerts greater photocatalytic activity for MO (83%) and RB (73%) under sunlight than UV light.
Growth of Optical Quality 4-Dimethylamino-N-Methyl-4-Stilbazolium Tosylate (DAST) Single Crystals by Novel Technique and their Characterization
Authors: Manikandan M.R. , Gopal Ram S.D. , Ravi G.
Published: October 2012

Optical quality 4-dimethylamino-N-methyl-4-stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) crystals have been grown by a novel technique. In conventional growth methods, it was difficult to control the position of spontaneous nucleation, number of nuclei, cluster formation and the nucleation period. Difficulty in the nucleation and growth positioning was effectively solved by the slope nucleation method (SNM) and sizable DAST crystal was grown by two zone growth technique (TZGT) using a seed. Furthermore removal and fixing of seed crystal was difficult in the two zone growth technique. In the present study, we could obtain optical quality bulk DAST crystals by combining SNM and TZGT. The growth rates, size are estimated with respect to temperature gradient and slope shape. The structural, functional and optical analyses were carried for the grown crystals and the results are discussed in detail.
Strain Improvement of Streptomyces venezuelae for Enhanced Fibrinolytic Enzyme Production
Authors: Bhavani Balasubramanian , Naveena Balakrishnan , Partha Nagarajan
Published: October 2012

The fibrinolytic enzymes can be used as a potential drug to cure thrombosis diseases. These enzymes can effectively catalyze the degradation of fibrin in blood clot. To develop safe and cheaper fibrinolytic agents, fibrinolytic enzyme was isolated from Streptomyces venezuelae. Strain improvement was employed to increase the production of fibrinolytic enzymes using random mutagenesis (UV and Ethyl methane sulfonate). The mutants obtained were screened based on their fibrinolytic activity and best mutant was selected for further studies. Mutant obtained by Ethyl Methane Sulfonate was able to yield the fibrinolytic activity of 13 FU/mL in growth medium which was higher than wild strain (6 FU/mL). The results indicated that EMS was effective mutagenic agents for strain improvement of Streptomyces venezuelae for enhanced production of fibrinolytic enzyme. The mutant showed improved growth compared to wild strain. The optimal temperature and pH value of this fibrinolytic enzyme were found to be 40 °C and 8.0, respectively. The strain improvement also improves the stability of Streptomyces venezuelae which showed resistance to temperature and pH at higher values. Invitro assays revealed that fibrinolytic enzyme produced by Streptomyces venezuelae could degrade fibrin suggesting that its future application in pharmaceutical industry as thrombolytic agent is highly promising.
Biodegradation Studies on Phenolic Compounds
Authors: Prabhakaran S.P. , Santhosh Kumar R. , Jaganath J. , Naveena B. , Gomathi Priya P.
Published: October 2012

The removal of phenolic compounds in effluents is major problem in industries. Degradation of phenolic compounds using co-culture microbial species along with individual specimens was studied. The COD reduction percentage showed a better degradation with co-culture. The degradation with microbial concentration as function of time was studied and shown an effective degradation with growth of microbial species on the fifth day. Parameters such as pH, temperature, ion sources for aerobic degradation are analyzed. Improving biomass growth and COD removal percentage of the co-culture showed a better degradation with pH range 7-8 at temperature of 35°C. Sodium ions are best suited for the growth of microbial organisms.
Growth and Nucleation Studies of an Organic NLO Material: L-Valinium Picrate Doped with Nickel Sulphate
Authors: Raj K. Russel , Murugakoothan P.
Published: October 2012

Abstract. An organic NLO material L-Valinium Picrate (LVP) doped with nickel sulphate (5 mol %) was synthesized and crystals were grown from aqueous solution using slow evaporation method. The solubility, metastable zone width and induction period were determined. The second harmonic generation (SHG) relative efficiency of the LVP (Ni2+) 5 mol% is found to be 260 times higher than that of a standard reference material potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) and 43 times of that of urea.
Optical and Dielectric Studies of Cadmium Chloride Doped Single Crystals of Lithium Sulphate
Authors: Mageshwari P.S. Latha , Priya R. , Krishnan S. , Joseph V. , Das S. Jerome
Published: October 2012

Excellent and optically transparent good quality single crystals of cadmium chloride doped with lithium sulphate monohydrate (LS) were grown in aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the changes in the lattice parameters of the cadmium chloride lithium sulphate (CCLS). The functional groups present in the CCLS crystals were determined qualitatively by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Optical absorption studies revealed that doped crystals acquire very low absorption in the entire visible region. Dielectric measurements show that the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of doped crystals decreases with increase of frequency.
Studies on the Growth Aspects of Thiourea Doped L-Alanine Hydrogenchloride: A Promising NLO Crystal
Authors: Malliga P. , Umamaheshwari R. , Pragasam A. Joseph Arul
Published: October 2012

A single crystal of L-alanine hydrogenchloride doped with thiourea has been synthesized and grown successfully by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The cell parameters were determined by the X-ray diffraction analysis. The UV - visible spectral analysis has been recorded to study the optical transmittance in the range from 200nm to1200nm.The Fourier transform infrared analysis identified various functional groups present in the material.The dielectric measurement was made as function of frequency.HR-SEM studies confirms the inclusion of the dopant thiourea. The second harmonic generation efficiency has been determined by Kurtz powder test.
Crystallographic Distances Based Bond Valence Sum (BVS) Analysis on Nickel(II) Complexes Containing Ni-S and Ni-P Bonds
Authors: Manohar Arumugam , Ramalingam Kuppukannu , Karpagavel Kottamalai , Bocelli Gabriale
Published: October 2012

Bond valence sum (BVS) analysis is used by many researchers to determine the oxidation state of metal ions in solids based on crystallographically determined metal-ligand bond distances. In this paper, bond valence sums (BVS) have been calculated for a series of mixed ligand complexes involving Nickel(II)dithiocarbamates and phosphorous donor ligands. The BVS values are calculated first time for the complexes whose crystal structures have been reported from our laboratory and a few others reported from other laboratories. The calculated values show that the BVS values are higher than the expected formal oxidation state of +2. The higher values observed in the complexes support the fact that the Ni-S, Ni-P bonds are more covalent and the back bonding effects are very highly pronounced.