bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Adequacy of Pharmaceutical Services the Provision in Primary Health Care Centers
Authors: Qasim Abbood Kareem  , Thulfiqar Mohammed Habeeb  , Ahmed Salim Hadi
Published: January 2024

Background: Changes in the national health care system, particularly the implementation of managed care and integrated health systems, promote the adoption of primary care as a means of meeting basic health care needs and managing access to specialty services. Materials and Methods: This is cross-sectional study conducted at 23 randomly selected (multistage random sampling) primary health care centers in Babylon governorate. Data were collected during the period starting (November 2020- January 2021). Result:This study demonstrates that 47.8% of the health centers had a fair score regarding the amount of medicines according to actual need, and the availability of medications according to the basic list. While there are three indicators that had a full score (100%) for the presence of an administrative order for the responsible pharmacist and his assistant, and writing the patient’s name and sex on the prescription. Conclusion: The current study shows there are clear deficiencies in some standards (such as pharmacist assistant), and furniture (such as computer).
Knowledge and Attitude of Paramedical Staff Towards COVID-19 Vaccine in Babylon City
Authors: Noor Abdulwahid Abbood  , Sally Alaa Kareem
Published: January 2024

Background: Several vaccines against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been licensed and are being distributed globally in various regions. The general population’s knowledge, and attitudes of COVID-19 vaccinations, on the other hand, are poorly understood. Subjects and Methods: This study is a descriptive; cross sectional study conducted at 4 hospitals and primary health care sectors in Babylon City. The Data were collected by direct interview with the paramedical staff by the researcher, by using a self-reporting questionnaire form. Results: The current study showed that the highest proportion of paramedical staff, 28% in Imam Al-Sadiq Hospital. The mean ± SD of their ages was 36.3±15.7 years, the age range at the time of study was between (19-59) years. The study found that 50.25% of participants were single and for Job title, distribution of Medical assistant constitutes were 40% of participants. Conclusions: We conclude that most paramedical staff had good scores for knowledge and attitude towards Covid-19 vaccine, despite found poor scores for some participants.
Effectiveness of an Education Program on Nurses’ Practices toward Some Sterilization Techniques at Emergency Department in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital
Authors: Wissam Mohammed Kareem  , Sabah Abbas Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Sterilization procedures is an essential clinical competency in health care to minimize visibility of hospital staff, guests, patients, and their visitors, follow both of these grooming instructions. incorporate infectious control and outbreak detection techniques across all healthcare systems Since one of the main factors for medical services is the prevention of infectious infections, the health care team must consider infection management and infection control as well. in order to deter the transmission of microorganisms, process involves all hands-use, safety clothing (gowns, masks), and adequate waste disposal.the aim of this research is to evaluate nursing’s sterilization techniques. The preliminary pre-experimental architecture was put in place in place in Al-Dani Teaching Hospital for the duration of the timeframe from (17 September, 2020 to 16 March, 2021) on non-probability sampling of 30 Emergency department staff.The analysis showed major changes in the application of sterile domains from before the evaluation (pvalue=0.0001). The researcher found that emergency department nurses did not use appropriate sterilization techniques prior to the introduction of an instructional curriculum, yet after the application, they demonstrated high quality toward the use of sterilization techniques Facilities and medical equipment are urged to develop their awareness and sterilization procedures in the ED; it also, emergency nurses with additional experience are invited to join
Effectiveness of an Education Program on Nurses Knowledge toward Care of Chest Tube in Children at Pediatric Teaching Hospital Baghdad City
Authors: Hassan Ali Jabar  , Afifa Radha Aziz
Published: January 2024

Study background: A chest tube is a drain that is inserted into the pleural cavity space to extract air, fluid, or blood to restore negative pressure to the pleural space, re-expand a partially collapsed lungs, and prevent reflux or leakage back into the chest. Since the pleural cavity’s .Methodology :The study was designed as quiz-experiment design using test retest approach for study groups .The sample (30) nurses enrolled as a control group and (30) nurses enrolled as a study group participants were exposed to an educational program pre test1, post test1 post test 2 .Results: The results of the study indicate that there are differences with the high test between the previous and post-test in the experimental group (the study group) in the main general axes with nursing knowledge care chest Table (4-2-2) shows summary statistics concerning nurses’ knowledge of the chest tube related to formed questionnaire’s items along (Pre, Post1, and Post2) studied periods due to applying a proposed of an educational program for the study group the table shows the assessments Intervals scoring scales of relative Sufficiency Coefficient (RS%): [L: Low (0.00 – 33.33)]; [M: Moderate (33.34 – 66.66)]; [H: High (66.67 – 100)]. The results of controlled group has recorded marginal immovable responses over the three periods of times with low levels or moderate but all of studied items illustrated too highly and meaningful changeability with highly levels of evaluations along (pre-post2) periods.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the pre-test and post test result of educational program also significant nurses’ response concerning nursing knowledge chest tube care.Recommendations: The nurses’ are provided with suitable training to participate in the program and receive information on the best way to encourage communities they serve to get chest tube care in children
Assessment of Socio-Demographic and Health Related Problems of Construction Workers Indulge in Building Industry in Central India
Authors: Sachin Patil , Jagadish Makade , Sanjay Deshpande , Chakole Swarupa
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Industrialization plays an important role for development of the country. Building constructionis one of the basic needs for overall developments. In India, Modernization, Industrialization and landdevelopment are growing at high speed in most of the cities. Aims: assessment of socio-demographic andhealth related problems of construction workers indulge in building industry in central india. Material& Method: This cross-sectional type of analytical study was carried out by Department of CommunityMedicine, Datta Meghe Medical College, Wanadongri, Nagpur. After approval from Institutional EthicsCommittee and concerned authorities at construction sites, the study was conducted on the workers employedat construction sites in Wanadongri, Nagpur. Results: Socio-demographic Profile: Data was collected fromall 147 workers by interviewing them about various socio demographic and workplace factors. Out of 147workers, majority i.e. 79 (53.74%) of workers belongs to 30-45 years age group, followed by 47 (31.97%)of 15-30 years age group and rest i.e. 21 (14.29%) were more than 45 years. Morbidity Profile (HealthProblems): Morbidity profile revealed the average health problems workers were suffering from in past andpresent. Musculoskeletal problems were most common health problem found most frequently (53.06%)in workers. Conclusion: Study shows that working in construction place exposed the workers to variousfactors that if not properly care, may adversely affect their health causing them losses in term of physicalinjuries, financial constrain and socio-personally relations.
Histopathological Pattern of Surgically Treated Thyroid Diseases
Authors: Abdulrazak Aiad Abdullah
Published: January 2024

Background: Thyroid diseases are quite common and clinically important not only because they affectthe functions of other organs but also since most cases are eminently treatable. The incidence of thyroiddiseases varies from one geographical region to another. he present study was carried out to identify thehistopathological pattern of surgically treated thyroid disease in our setup and their frequency in relation toage and sex of the patients and to compare our findings with similar works in Iraq and globally.Materials and Methods: Total of 97 thyroidectomy case from Tikrit provine, Iraqwere included in thisstudy. Clinical, gross, and histopathological data were reviewed and analyzed.Results: Most of thyroid lesions were encountered at the age of 31-40 years. The most common thyroidlesion is multinodular goiter (40.21%). All thyroid diseases were more common in women than in menwith a male to female ratio of 1:5.93. Neoplastic lesions were found in 12.37% of cases (7.22% follicularadenoma; 5.15% thyroid carcinoma).Conclusion: Results of this study are comparable with several studies on thyroid diseases in other areasof Iraq and globally. Multinodular goiter need to be prevented by appropriate measures since Multinodulargoiter of prolonged duration in iodine deficient areas poses a risk factor for the development of follicularcarcinoma.
Study of Various Patterns of Azygos Venous System and its Clinical Significance
Authors: Aarti Rohilla  , Monika Rathee  , Kamal Singh  , Suresh Kanta Rathee
Published: January 2024

Background: The azygos system includes those veins which are straight in course, paravertebral in positionand not accompanied with the corresponding arteries. The azygos vein may arise as lumbar azygos veinfrom the back of inferior vena cava or by the union of right subcostal and right ascending lumbar veins. Itenters the thorax, receives lower 8 right posterior intercostal veins, superior intercostal vein, hemiazygosand accessory hemiazygos veins and ends by joining the superior vena cava. The hemiazygos vein is formedon the left in a manner similar to that of azygos vein. The aim of the present study was to investigate thevarious patterns of the azygos venous system.Methods: A total number of 30 cadavers were studied and were evaluated based on the study of Anson BJand Mcvay CB.Conclusion: Out of 30 specimens studied, 17 (56%) specimens showed normal pattern, 5 (16%) specimensshowed caterpillar pattern and rest 8 (26%) specimens showed ladder pattern.Azygos system of veins serve as an alternative drainage channel between superior vena cava and inferiorvena cava in case of obstruction. The knowledge of various patterns could be useful for radiologists andsurgeons to prevent intra-operative hazards.
Acute Aerobic Exercise Decreased Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
Authors: Bana Yusrian Hawari  , Sugiharto  , Desiana Merawati  , Adi Pranoto
Published: January 2024

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Changes in the Cancer Antigen Markers in the Pleural Liquid During Chemotherapy among Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Abbas Abdulmueed Mustafa Alani  , Ihab Q. Ali  , Yasir Khaleel Almusawi
Published: January 2024

The silent killer or ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the major causes of cancer deaths among women in themodern age. In view of the therapeutic roles of platinum based chemotherapy among the ovarian cancerpatients, objective of this report was to assess the effects of the first round of chemotherapy among womenwith ovarian cancer. Here, the levels of the pleural markers for cancer bio markers, before and after thechemotherapy were tested among ovarian cancer patients. The biochemical indices may be of use indeciphering the relation between cancer relapse and platinum retrieval. The pleural analyses pre and postplatinum chemotherapy session demonstrated wide range of biochemical and protein marker changes amongovarian cancer patients. The various cancer antigens were variedly reduced post chemotherapy. Hence, it isproposed that biochemical markers in pleural liquid may serve as better indicators and early diagnostic toolsfor ovarian cancer.
Morphological Study of the Esophagus in the Domestic Fowl Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Wijdan Basheer Abed  , Hanan Raad Dheyaa Hussain  , Dalia H. Al-Hamawandy
Published: January 2024

The esophageal morphology of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) was investigated to fillthe dearth of information on the morphology of esophagus from available literature and help inunderstanding its digestive tract biology. The esophagus is under study as musculomembranous tubularshape, it began from oropharyngeal cavity and terminated on the proventriculus. The esophagus wasdivided into three regions are represented by cervical part, crop, and Thoracic part. Internal lining of theesophagus consisted of un-branched straight longitudinal folds The length of the cervical part, crop andthoracic part were 11.5 cm, 3.5 cm, 6 cm respectively.
Morphological Description of the Esophagus in the Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)
Authors: Hanan Raad Dheyaa Hussain  , Wijdan Basheer Abed  , Dalia H. Al-Hamawandy
Published: January 2024

The esophageal morphology of Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) was investigated to fill the dearthof information on the morphology of esophagus from available literature and help in understandingits digestive tract biology. The esophagus is long and highly distensible, musculomembranous tubularshape, it began from oropharyngeal cavity and terminated on the proventriculus. The esophagus wasdivided into two regions are represented by cervical part and Thoracic part, the crop was absent.Internal lining of the esophagus consisted of un- branched straight longitudinal folds the mean lengthof esophagus was about 25 cm; it was wider in the anterior part than the posterior part.
The Level of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Lung Cancer in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital
Authors: Mortada Abdel Reda Eajal  , Kareem R. Sachit
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To assess level of anxiety and depression among Patients with lung cancer. To find out therelationship between level of anxiety and depression with age, gender, educational level, occupation,residence, frequency of admission, marital status, and monthly income.Methodology: Descriptive analysis designs are used to conduct the study. The study period started frommarch 1th, 2021 to April 15th 2021 at the Department of Oncology in Al- Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital.Total of (110) patients selected from oncology department in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital. tenpatients were excluded from the study for the pilot study. So the total number of patients participating inthe study was (100) patients. The depression and anxiety Scale are consisting from 14 items self-ratedquestionnaire that involves two dimensions. These are depression (7 items) and anxiety (7 items). Theseitems are measured on a (4) point Likert-type scale of 1 (Not applicable), 2 (Somewhat applicable), 3(Often remarkable) and 4 (Very often applicable). The total score is computed by summing scores ofall items. The score of each dimension is calculated by summing the scores of the items and dividingby the number of items.Results: The demographic and clinical characteristics of the samples the vast majority of the patientswere (73%) were all males, (85%) are married couple, the participants (48%) were housewives andunemployed, (62%) from lung cancer patients are urban, (46.8%). Monthly income, Concerning thesignificant differences between depression and anxiety with patients’ age, the study showed that there ishigh significant difference in depression symptoms with regard to older age patients at p-value= 0.001respectively.
Self-esteem of Children Living with their Parents for Secondary Schools in AL-Rusafa: Comparative Study to the Children Living in Orphanage
Authors: Rehab K. Habsi  , Zaid W. Ajil
Published: January 2024

Objectives: to find out differences in the level of self-esteem between orphanage children and childrenwho live with their Parents.Methods: A descriptive studies that use comparative design. The method of A Purposive sampling isused which is located in Rusafa, Baghdad. The sample size was 200 students (male and female) fromall secondary schools in Baghdad al-Rusafa who lived with their parents, and another 200 adolescentwho lived in an orphanage. The data was collected during January 11th to March 2nd, 2021. Short formof (coopersmith,1967) scales for assessing self- esteem level.Results : The result of the study shows that highly significant differences are accounted between studiedgroups at P<0.01 regarding of studied “Negative’s Items Domain”, and “ Overall Evaluation”, while nosignificant different was accounted with reference to “Positive’s Items Domain”. Through the results ofthe significant comparisons, it becomes clear that the trends of the negative items of the scale are thedistinguishing evidence between the two studied groups at the time when the outcomes of the positivetrend items didn’t formed the presence of significant differences between the two groups.
Determination of Effectiveness of Exclusive Breastfeeding Preparing Program on Knowledge of Primipara Mothers in Kirkuk City Hospitals
Authors: Muntaha Hameed Hussein  , Suhad H. Khairi  , Mahasin T. AL-Harbawe
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine of effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding preparing program on knowledgeof primipara mothers in kirkuk city hospitalsMethodology: A quasi-experimental design of thirty Primipara women in three hospitals in kirkuk cityfor the period from March 1st to October 1st 2020.The data collected through stages which includepretest, posttest.Results: The finding indicate that among thirty study sample the MS and SD were higher in posttestin compare with pretest, and significant differences were found within study sample before and afterprogram at (P=0.05) which indicated that educational program positively effect on the study sampleregarding exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusions: The study concludes that after assessing the knowledge of the study sample, it found thattheir knowledge was poor and exclusive breastfeeding educational program was effectively improvedtheir knowledge.
Prevalence of Drugs Use among Secondary-School Students in Al-Diwaniya City
Authors: Noor Adil Mayeh  , Kareem Rishaq Sachit
Published: January 2024

A descriptive study design using a convenience random sample of (N=423) students. This sample isdistributed throughout AL-Diwaniya Teaching Directorate. Data were collected through the use of anonline questionnaire; and analyzed through the descriptive and inferential statistical approach. This studyaims to identify the prevalence of Drug abuse among secondary school students. Results indicate thatdrugs use is low prevalent among secondary school students. Conclusion and Recommendations: Druguse prevalence is associated with students’ gender, age, family member, residency, house ownership,monthly income, parents’ education, and mothers’ occupation. The Ministry of Health should prioritizethe Drug use in public health by educating the parents and adolescents the health hazards of substanceuse through health programs and social media.
Prognostic Significance Association of Neutrophil-To- Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelets-To-Lymphocyte Ratio with Mortality in COVID19 Patients
Authors: Hoda Elsayed Mohammed  , Sama Mohammed N. Attiyah
Published: January 2024

Background: Inflammation is a key factor in COVID-19 progression and is potentially an importantpredictive factor. The ratios of neutrophils to lymphocytes and platelets to lymphocytes may showsignificant inflammatory progression, which may contribute to the development of some majorcomplications and mortality problems as observed in COVID-19. Objective: To examine and investigatethe correlation of neutrophil lymphocytic ratio (NLR) and platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PLR) withincreased mortality risk.Methods: 124 patients admitted to King Abdulaziz hospital with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled inour study. The blood cell count was used to obtain NLR and PLR. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of NLR and PLR for severity andmortality of admitted patients with COVID-19. The logistic regression model was used to explore therisk factors associated with mortality and severity.Results: The mortality rate was 23.4%. Among non-survivors’ patients’ lymphocyte significantlydeclined with 96.5%, while neutrophil counts increased. The Empirical optimal cut point of NLRcorrelated with mortality is 4.647, with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 61% (AUC: 0.847, 95%CI 0.774-0.921; P = 0.001). Moreover, the optimal cut point of PLR associated mortality is 17.358,with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 64% (AUC: 0.791, 95% CI 0.703-0.878; P = 0.005).Conclusions: NLR and PLR variables were significantly correlated with severity and mortality. NLRand PLR can be considered independent biomarkers in COVID-19 patients which play a significant roleto predict mortality cases.
Healthcare Facilities Choice for Maternity Care in Indonesia: Do Socioeconomic Factors Affects?
Authors: Stefanus Supriyanto  , Ratna Dwi Wulandari  , Nikmatur Rohmah  , Agung Dwi Laksono
Published: January 2024

The government encourages maternity care in health facilities to reduce maternal mortality. The study aims to analyze the impact of socioeconomic factors on healthcare facilities’ choice for maternity care in Indonesia. The study used secondary data from the official report of the Indonesia Ministry of Health. The study takes all provinces as samples. Moreover, the study used the proportion of maternity care in health facilities as a dependent variable. On the other hand, the research analyzed four other variables as independent variables: percentage of the poor population, percentage of the population having health insurance, literacy percentage of population >15 years, and the unemployment rate for population >15 years. The study analyzed the data using a scatter plot. The study results show the lower the poor population in the province, the higher the proportion of maternity care in health facilities in that province. The higher the percentage of the population having health insurance in an area, the higher the proportion of maternity care in health facilities in that area. Meanwhile, the higher the literacy percentage of population >15 years in a province, the higher the proportion of maternity care in health facilities in that province. Moreover, the higher the unemployment rate for population >15 years in a province, the higher the proportion of maternity care in health facilities in that province. The study concluded that the four independent variables analyzed ecologically were associated with maternity care in health facilities.
Secondary Syphilis in the Second Trimester Pregnancy : Case Report
Authors: Wibisono Nugraha  , Eka Devinta Novi Diana  , Frieda  , Alfina Rahma  , Prasetyadi Mawardi
Published: January 2024

Background: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, which is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion and transplacental from an infected mother to the fetus. Syphilis in pregnancy can cause complications including abortion, low birth weight, premature birth, neonatal death or congenital syphilis infection.Case: A 39-year-old woman, 16 weeks pregnant, presented with a complaint of a small lump on the genitals accompanied by red patches on the palms of the hands and feet. Serological tests showed a reactive VDRL of 1:512 and a reactive TPHA of 1:640. Based on the history, physical examination and serological tests the patient was diagnosed with secondary syphilis in pregnancy. The management of this patient was given a single dose of Benzathine Penicillin G injection of 2.4 million units intramuscularly.Conclusion: Early screening for syphilis in pregnancy isvery important to prevent complications in the fetus. VDRL serological test examination 3 months after therapy was carried out to determine the success of therapy. In this case, there was a decrease in the VDRL titer to 1:4 in the absence of skin lesions 3 months after therapy with benzathine penicillin G 2.4 million units intramuscularly single dose.
Emotional and Cognitive Impairment among Cardiac Patients - A Narrative Review
Authors: Sarika M L  , Sasmita Das  , Suresh Kumar Behera
Published: January 2024

Cardiovascular disease is a major group of contributing 31% of global mortality rate. The lifestyle changes are the key role to develop such diseases. The cardiovascular diseases are altering the life style practices and need to change their routine life style. There are many related co morbidities that may arise after the cardiac event. In which the emotional and cognitive co morbidities are making further risk to the subsequent cardiac event. Therefore the correct and prompt treatment is needed for the prevention of the co morbidities. The main aim of this narrative review is to find out the burden of emotional and cognitive impairment and to find out the effect of relaxation technique on the reduction of the emotional and cognitive impairment among cardiac patients. Mainly the online data sources including PubMed, PubMed central, Cochrane, Medline, Google scholar were searched for the related studies. The main emotional imbalance are depression and stress. In which depression is contributing the major role among cardiac patients. The major pathophysiological changes after myocardial infarction that lea to the emotional and cognitive symptoms are due to the reduced blood supply to brain and the anaerobic metabolism. There are different complimentary therapies are there for the management of the emotional co morbidities. In which the relaxation therapy is very useful therapy in the emotional imbalance management.
A Descriptive Study to Assess the Effects of Social Networking Sites on the Academic Performance of Students in Selected Colleges of Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Authors: Divya Gigy
Published: January 2024

A descriptive study on the effects of social networking sites on the academic performance of selected collegestudents of Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The ‘General System Model’ adopted from Ludwig Von Bertalanaffywasused as the conceptual frame work. A quantitative approach with descriptive survey design was used toachieve the objectives ofthe study.The samples consisted of 120 students ofselected colleges of Gandhinagar.The convenient sampling technique was used to collect the sample. A structured questionnaire was used toassess the knowledge regarding effects of social networking sites among college students. The study showsthat the majority were in the age group of 18-20 years. Maximum numbers of college students were females.The study showed that the majority of college students had good effects of social networking sites that is93%. Their parents were aware about their SNS use. There was no significant association between effects ofsocial networking sites and selected variables that is age and gender
Impact of Psoriasis on Psychological Well-being–Screening by GHQ-12
Authors: Padmavathi Nagarajan
Published: January 2024

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, relapsing dermatological condition with a complexetiopathogenesis. It can cause significant physical and psychological morbidity in those whom it affects.Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of psoriasis on psychological health among patientswith psoriasis and to identify the association of psychological well being with the selected demographicvariables.Method and Materials:Across-sectional descriptive study was conducted that included 200 patients diagnosedwith various types of psoriasis who attended Dermatologic Out-Patient Department of a tertiary care hospital.12-items General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to assess the psychological well being.Results: Psychological distress was reported by 64 (32%) subjects and 48 (24%) subjects reported severepsychological distress and more psychological problems.Conclusion: The study results indicate that psychological problems are common among patients withpsoriasis and a simple screening instrument like GHQ-12 may be used to detect the problems for subsequentevaluation and management
Male Fertilization Fantasy
Authors: Shan Grace
Published: January 2024

This article explores the extent to which gender-biased language is used to describe fertilization in high school textbooks, akin to the stories with fairytale tropes that are heard during childhood about fertilization. After analyzing the relevant sections from four high school level biology textbooks by major publishers, three patterns were found: passive language used for the female reproductive system and active for the male, stereotypical male personification of sperm and the sole perspective of the sperm, and contrastive theta roles in the semantic and syntactic structure with the sperm as the agent and the female body as anything but. The four textbooks were then evaluated in these categories from least to most biased; one textbook was much more neutral than the other three. The conclusion is that there is still much improvement necessary to ensure the objectivity and accuracy of textbooks, which are often authoritative in a classroom; implicit sexist writing is harmful to both male and female students.
Phenotypic Variance in Introduced Rock Pigeons (Columba livia) in the Eastern United States.
Authors: Rackowski Sarah
Published: January 2024

As an introduced species in North America, the Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) has established

itself in a vast array of climates and niches. In Captivity and in the wild, Rock Pigeons

exhibit great phenotypic variation in their plumage. In the time since the introduction of C. livia to North America, this phenotypic variation in feral pigeons established in different regions may have allowed them to adapt to local environmental conditions. To explore this idea, we focused on analyses of plumage and morphological Phenotypes in feral Rock Pigeons across the eastern United States of America. I found that northern Rock Pigeon populations had longer leg feathering, higher body mass, and significantly longer head length and shorter bills than southern populations. Furthermore, Rock Pigeons from New York, New York to Baltimore, Maryland have shorter tails when compared to other populations along the east coast. Head length was statistically shorter in southern populations compared to northern ones. These data suggest that feral Rock Pigeons in the eastern United States have adapted to local environments.
Co-diversification of Camponotus and its Primary Endosymbiont Blochmannia in the USA
Authors: Wang Steven , De O. Ramalho Manuela
Published: January 2024

Blochmannia is a primary intracellular endosymbiotic bacteria found within the ant tribe Camponotini (Family Formicidae: subfamily Formicinae). Blochmannia is transmitted vertically through maternal host lineages and synthesizes essential amino acids for its host species. The high fidelity of vertical transmission observed means that close co-diversification is expected between Camponotini and their Blochannia hosts. This study expands on past data on USA Camponotini-Blochmannia associations and adds 23 new species to the host COI mitochondrial phylogeny and the 16S ribosomal DNA bacterial phylogeny. Using statistical analyses I found evidence of Blochmannia co-diversification with the host with enhanced species coverage, and one clear host shift is documented.
Qué Bonita: A Remarkable Story of Family, Structure, and Love
Authors: DaRoza Juliana
Published: January 2024

Traditional bridal wear is often described as white dresses made for women to wear on the day they marry a man to become a wife. This description does not include the many different social identities and cultural variations that people inhabit. Today brides are not just looking for dresses or even white garments: today people are looking for a special outfit to marry the person they love whether that be a man or woman: they are looking for an outfit that will make them feel special and beautiful. 

Through the use of practiced disruptive design techniques, I aim to transform the bridal industry into a space that’s inclusive and empowering to both people and the environment, starting with the way we view ourselves and society's definition of beauty by drawing inspiration from culture.

Through my inspiration from Mexico, the Catholic Church, their heritage, and spectacle, this collection will make people feel special, important, and confident. It will allow them to love themselves as they start a new chapter in their lives. As an esteemed bridal designer, Vera Wang once said, “It’s not just another dress, It’s the dress you’ll remember forever” (Wang).
Expanding, Characterizing, and Repurposing the Invertebrate Virosphere
Authors: Demopoulos Bryce , TenOever Benjamin
Published: January 2024

Modern medicine demands the capacity to deliver genetic or biological cargo to specific cell types.  Past efforts to achieve this goal have relied on the retooling and re-engineering of a small subset of vertebrate viruses with limited success.  Remaining challenges with regards to in vivo delivery include finding novel viral vectors that can achieve different target specificities in addition to those that are more amenable to synthesize de novo.  In an attempt to address these remaining limitations, we collected and sampled diverse invertebrate species to isolate and identify RNA viruses associated with them.  As the invertebrate virosphere remains largely unknown, we hypothesized that we would identify novel viruses whose components could be characterized and repurposed to build a new suite of viral-based tools.  To this end, we isolated and sequenced RNA from a diverse library of invertebrates (including 42 insects) by next-generation sequencing and subsequently performed de novo genome assembly on the reads obtained. Captured reads were analyzed for signatures of RNA dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) – a necessary component of all RNA viruses. The two putative novel virus genome assemblies discovered were named Castor and Pollux, and were characterized and independently confirmed by quantitative PCR.  These small RNA viruses or their RdRps (less than 5kB) will, in the future, be synthesized and artificially launched in mammalian cells to ascertain whether they can be selected via guided evolution to function and deliver a desired genetic or biological cargo.
Investigation of Potassium Tetraborate Resistance in Dickeya spp.
Authors: Lou Alice
Published: January 2024

Dickeya spp. are common plant pathogens associated with bacterial soft rot, potato blackleg, and slow wilt, which are plant diseases that account for major losses in the agricultural industry. The diseases caused by these bacterial species are not yet fully managed with existing techniques, and new approaches need to be considered to minimize future crop loss. Previous research has shown that the inorganic salt potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate (PTB) can inhibit the growth of Dickeya species; however, disk diffusion assays result in a unique phenotype with two zones of inhibition. This study investigates the effects of PTB on the growth of four Dickeya spp.. It was hypothesized that the production of phage is responsible for the two zones of inhibition. Disk diffusion assays and growth curves were used to confirm the impact of PTB on Dickeya and attempts were made to directly isolate phage from the strains. To elucidate the mechanism of action of PTB, Tn-Seq libraries were used to determine which genes are required for growth in the presence of PTB. Tn-Seq libraries showed that different Dickeya strains shared seven overlapping genes including stress-related genes that increase bacterial resistance to PTB. Gene expression studies were used to determine the changes in gene expression that result from PTB exposure. Preliminary results showed that exposure to PTB induces the expression of stress-related genes in Dickeya to increase survival in the presence of the compound. Further research is needed to better understand the implications of observed changes in bacterial gene expression.
Competition Dynamics in Invertebrates Across Geographical Gradients
Authors: Goodhew Iliana
Published: January 2024

Studying competition dynamics of invertebrate species is essential to understanding species distribution, how species become invasive, and dealing with pests and pollinators. However, there is a gap in the literature when it comes to what geographical factors influence invertebrate competition. This study investigates competition dynamics of terrestrial invertebrates across various ecosystems and geographical areas, as well potential predictors for the patterns observed. I used food lures across sites in multiple countries, and recorded the number of visitors and level of consumption to attribute a competition score to each lure. Three different food types were used to account for dietary preferences (Fat, Protein, and Sugar). The results show that there is a significant variation of competition scores across sites. In addition, I identified a significant statistical interaction between sites and food types in relation to competition scores, which suggests that competition is different between the sites, but the pattern of variation differs per food type. A regression was conducted to see if Net Primary Productivity or the geological age of an ecosystem were predictors of the variation in competition scores. Geological age came out statistically significant for the scores in the Fat food type, suggesting that it may be an important driver for invertebrate competition. Idiosyncrasies of the sites are discussed with the aim to identify other factors that may affect competition levels and their patterns. This research contributes to the study of competition dynamics in terrestrial invertebrates and could inspire an approach to predicting interactions and effects of new or introduced species.
Effect of E-Cigarette Tax on Health Outcomes
Authors: Shakthy Esha
Published: January 2024

The alarming rise in the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among teens in the US has become a major health concern, driving many states to take action, including Illinois, which implemented a 15% tax on e-cigarettes. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of taxation to control e-cigarette use, measured by improvement in health outcomes in Illinois, from before and after the state implemented the 15% tax. Additionally, a comparison was done with neighboring states of Michigan and Missouri. Using difference-in-difference hypothesis testing, a statistically significant decrease in reported rates of asthma, depression, toothache, and bleeding gums, was noted when comparing health outcomes before and after the implementation of the state tax in Illinois as compared to Michigan. A decrease in the reported rate of asthma was noted to be significant in the comparison with Missouri as well.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЛЕВЗЕИ САФЛОРОВИДНАЯ НА ПРОСТУЮ ЗРИТЕЛЬНО-МОТОРНУЮ РЕАКЦИЮ СПОРТСМЕНОК
Authors: Богданова Т.Б.
Published: January 2024

Показано, что на фоне приема препарата Левзеи состояние характеризуются уравновешенностью процессов в центральной нервной системе, что соответствует хорошему самочувствию, настроению, комфортности и оптимальной работоспособности.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КОНЦЕНТРИРОВАННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ НА ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНО-ЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ССУЗОВ
Authors: Каменских Д.В.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются особенности концентрированного обучения. Его влияния на эмоционально-личностное особенности обучающихся Ссузов.
СВАЙНЫЙ ФУНДАМЕНТ – НАДЕЖНАЯ ОПОРА СООРУЖЕНИЯ
Authors: Корнев А.А.
Published: January 2024

Рассмотрены положительные стороны применения свай для сооружения фундаментов.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНЫХ РЕШЕНИЙ ПРОКУРОРА В УГОЛОВНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Authors: Назарчук Е.Ю. , Цветкова Е.В.
Published: January 2024

автором рассматриваются характеристики вынесения прокурором процессуальных решений в уголовном процессе, а также их юридические последствия. Рассматриваются вопросы соотношения осуществления надзора прокурором и полномочий следователя (дознавателя) и руководителя органа расследования.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРОЕКТНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НА УРОКАХ ЛИТЕРАТУРНОГО ЧТЕНИЯ В 1 КЛАССЕ (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ СТИХОТВОРЕНИЙ К.И. ЧУКОВСКОГО)
Authors: Фурлетова Л.М.
Published: January 2024

в статье представлена серия заданий, направленная на формирование познавательной деятельности с использованием проектной деятельности на материалах произведений К.И. Чуковского.
ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ГРАМОТНОСТЬ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Митрухина В.Г.
Published: January 2024

Компьютерные программы, позволяющие быстро перевести любой текст с иностранного языка на русский, с одной стороны, облегчают коммуникацию с иностранными читателями и собеседниками, но с другой стороны, заставляют среднюю школу пересматривать школьную программу по изучению иностранных языков. Как заинтересовать современных школьников накапливать лексический багаж при изучении иностранных языков?
АНАЛИЗ ПО СНИЖЕНИЮ УРОВНЯ НОРМАТИВНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ПОТЕРЬ ЛЭП
Authors: Кошанов Т.М.
Published: January 2024

В данной статье рассмотрены проблемы распределения мощности трансграничных линий электропередач для сопряжения рынка электроэнергии. Рассмотрены пути повышения эффективности передачи электроэнергии в магистральных электрических сетях напряжением 220-1150кВ. КПД передачи снижается из-за технологических потерь в элементах электроэнергии. Основными технологическими потерями являются нагрузочные потери в элементах сети и потери на корону в проводах ВЛ. Предлагается контролировать в режиме реального времени потери нагрузки и потери мощности в магистральных воздушных линиях электропередачи. Потери мощности на корону существенно зависят от погодных условий и уровня напряжения в сети. Незначительное снижение напряжения в сети во время дождя и при отложении на проводах мороза позволит значительно снизить потери электрической энергии в проводах ВЛ.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЕ БОЛЬНЫХ С АФАЗИЕЙ ПОСЛЕ ОНМК
Authors: Суворова Е.А. , Суворов В.А. , Тимофеева Ю.А.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются основные принципы психолого-педагогического сопровождения больных с афазией. Обозначаются актуальные проблемы процесса сопровождения. Предлагаются пути к их разрешению.
КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ТЕЧЕНИЯ НЕКРОТИЗИРУЮЩЕГО ЭНТЕРОКОЛИТА У НЕДОНОШЕННЫХ ДЕТЕЙ
Authors: Ипполитова Л.И. , Коротаева Н.В. , Першина Е.С. , Москвитина М.В.
Published: January 2024

Некротизирующий энтероколит (НЭК) остается одним из наиболее катастрофических сопутствующих заболеваний, связанных с недоношенностью. Несмотря на обширные исследования, болезнь остается нерешенной. Целью данной статьи является представить современные описательные данные течения НЭК, распределение системных и кишечных клинических признаков, обобщить клиническую картину и тяжесть стадии заболевания, а также выделить оценки, необходимые для раннего выявления НЭК
РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ АГРОЭКОТУРИЗМА В АЛМАТИНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Authors: Остапенко И.И.
Published: January 2024

Проведённый в статье анализ, региональной специфики территориального формирования агроэкотуризма позволил выявить следующее: Южный Казахстан располагает широким спектром ресурсов, перспективных для организации агроэкотуристской деятельности, представленных: природным, тепличным, растениеводством, отгонным, стойловым животноводством, охотой, рыбалкой и собирательством. Проведенный в ходе исследования анкетный опрос потенциальных туристов различных социально-демографических групп дал возможность определить тематические предпочтения в рамках ресурсной базы, сезоны и виды деятельности по агроэкотуризму.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ В МОДНОЙ ИНДУСТРИИ
Authors: Бертрам А.В. , Ревкова А.Н.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассказывается о ряде проблем существующей системы производства и реализации одежды в модной индустрии, рассматриваются возможные перспективы потребления, а также предлагаются возможные решения описанных проблем.
ДЕТИ С ОВЗ: ТВОРЧЕСТВО КАК КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЙ РЕСУРС НА ЭТАПЕ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ДЕТСТВА
Authors: Лынник О.Н. , Екжанова Е.А.
Published: January 2024

Исследование включает в себя анализ значимости творчества для общего развития детей с ОВЗ, выявление влияния творческих методик на коммуникативные процессы, а также адаптацию методов и подходов для эффективного включения детей с ОВЗ в творческую деятельность. Сформулированы принципы и этапы разработки методов и приемов развития коммуникативных навыков через творческие занятия.
ANALYZING FACTORS AFFECTING ECONOMIC GROWTH AND EVALUATING THE MACROECONOMIC MODEL IN ZAMBIA
Authors: Raphael M. , Carlos T.
Published: January 2024

Economic development and growth are multifaceted processes that involve the enhancement of a nation's overall well-being, encompassing factors such as increased income and improved living standards. Sustainable development, characterized by balanced economic, social, and environmental progress, is a key goal. In this paper, factors influencing economic growth in Zambia include: real interest rate, broad money, exchange rate, inflation, gross domestic product (GDP) and 5 years bond yield rate. It is also cardinal to investment in human capital, technological advancements, infrastructure development, and effective governance. Achieving inclusive growth, where benefits are shared across different segments of society, is pivotal for long-term economic stability and prosperity.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ КОКЛЮШЕМ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ БЕЛГОРОДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ. ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ С ПЕРЕНЕСЕННОЙ ПАНДЕМИЕЙ COVID-19 И СЕЗОННЫМ РАЗВИТИЕМ ГРИППА. АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ КОКЛЮША
Authors: Городова О.А. , Шопина А.Е. , Тагиров М.Р. , Бочарова К.А.
Published: January 2024

В последние годы участились вспышки коклюша на территории Российской Федерации и других странах мира. Актуальными задачами является надзор за заболеваемостью, выявление причин, поиск современных профилактических мероприятий и установление связи коклюшной инфекции с перенесенным COVID-19 и сезонным развитием гриппа. Результаты сбора и анализа фактических данных позволяют оценить возможность решения этих задач, а понимание факторов риска играют важную роль в эффективном лечении и профилактике вспышек этого заболевания.
МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫЙ ФИНАНСОВЫЙ КОНТРОЛЬ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕФОРМИРОВАНИЯ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОЙ ВЛАСТИ
Authors: Ширяева А.В.
Published: January 2024

Муниципальный финансовый контроль обеспечивает соблюдение законодательства, эффективное использование бюджетных средств, способствует предупреждению и выявлению экономических правонарушений. Важность государственного и муниципального контроля заключается в обеспечении прозрачности и законности финансовых операций, что помогает поддерживать стабильность экономической системы и доверие граждан к государству.
РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОЙ МИКРОФЛОРЫ У БОЛЬНЫХ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ, НАХОДЯЩИХСЯ НА СТАЦИОНАРНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОГКУЗ «ПРОТИВОТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНЫЙ ДИСПАНСЕР»
Authors: Чигидина А.А. , Дарадке М.А.Ю. , Рутенко Е.Ю. , Бокова М.В. , Бочарова К.А.
Published: January 2024

В структуре клинических форм туберкулеза стало больше пациентов, страдающих распростаненными, запущенными и осложненными формами, а также больных, выделяющих лекарственноустойчивые микобактерии туберкулеза, снизилась эффективность лечения больных туберкулезом. Присоединение неспецифической инфекции является одним из факторов, осложняющих течение туберкулеза. Особое значение неспецифическая микрофлора приобретает в хирургической клинике туберкулеза, способствуя возникновению послеоперационных осложнений (пневмоний, нагноений, образованию свищей и т.д.). Бактериологический анализ имеет целью выявить и идентифицировать патогенные микроорганизмы, определить их лекарственную чувствительность. Возбудителями неспецифической инфекции при туберкулезе являются патогенные стафилококки, гемолитические стрептококки, грамотрицательные палочки (кишечная, синегнойная, клебсиеллезная и др.) и их ассоциации с грибами рода Candida spp.