bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salini test: history and trends of law enforcement practice
Authors: Skvortsov O. Yu.
Published: June 2024

The subjectof this article is the international law enforcement practice developing in relation to the concept of investment. The formation of this practice takes place in numerous decisions of investment arbitration. The Salini test plays an important role in this practice, which is an investment arbitration decision that has become the flagship of the development of the practice of applying international investment law and its principles.

The purposeof the article is to identify trends in the decisions of investment arbitration, in which the concept of investment is interpreted, as well as in the doctrinal justification of approaches to this problem.

The methodologyof the study is a comparative legal analysis of those concepts that are the basis of the Salini test, as well as competing theories with it.

Main results. The reason for the appearance of the Salini test was the impossibility of a total consensus of states regarding the legal formalization of the concept of "investment". This impossibility has an objective character, since the investments of resources in one or another sphere have such significant differences that they cannot be taken into account within the framework of a single legal paradigm. In addition, the subjective factor is also important for the formulation of this concept, since states endowed with different roles – either as recipients of investments or as investors have divergent interests that cannot be realized within the framework of a single legal approach.

Conclusions. Investment arbitration has to a certain extent demonstrated the ability to overcome the differences that exist between different states regarding the key concept of investment law. It was in the arbitration decisions, and above all in the Salini test, that the signs of the key concept of investment law were identified, which together constitute its content. The content of the Salini test is that the concept of investment is formulated based on the identification of the following criteria: (1) investment of assets; (2) a certain duration of the investment of assets; (3) risky nature of investments; (4) significant economic importance for the recipient state.

In addition, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that, despite the fact that the Salini test accumulated the main legal ideas about the regulation of investment activity, the amorphous nature of the concept of investment determines a high degree of its uncertainty in relation to specific situations. This provokes a continuation of the discussion regarding legally significant investment criteria.
A Review of the Efficiency of Ocimum Gratissimum as a Vegetable Condiment
Authors: M. L. Abu
Published: June 2024

People from various socioeconomic backgrounds use and consume a vast variety of condiments on a regular basis. Therefore, condiments could be used as dietary transporters for micronutrients to counteract deficits in micronutrients, which is a problem in many nations, including Nigeria. Vegetables are a vital component of a balanced diet and a good source of minerals, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds, among other nutrients. Ocimum gratissimum, or scent leaf as it is affectionately known in Nigeria, is a common vegetable that is widely cultivated. This article reviewed O. gratissimum as a condiment vegetable, its unique flavor, ability to preserve food, taste, scent, ability to compliment other foods, and therapeutic benefits. The article emphasized the bioactive compounds found in O. gratissimum that have the potential to both prevent disease and maintain good health. It also brought to fore the widely acknowledged fact among researchers that condiment vegetables possess various medicinal properties that are contingent upon specific bioactive compounds. These bioactive compounds are thought to exert an influence on human physiology, hence the inclusion of O. gratissimum in diet is recommended.
Best Practices in Human Services Education
Authors: Pica Cinzia
Published: June 2024

The Journal of Human Services has always recognized the importance of continuously evolving educational practices to better prepare future human service providers. This special issue, “Best Practices in Human Service Education,” exemplifies this commitment by showcasing contemporary inquiry, innovative methodologies, and advocacy within a context marked by significant sociopolitical events. The articles highlight the interconnected nature of pedagogy, research, practice, and advocacy, covering ethical principles, competency-based training, motivational interviewing, remote internships, and online education for nontraditional learners. This edition provides valuable insights and practical applications for advancing human service education, aiming to inspire curricular revisions and innovations to foster competent, compassionate, and ethical human service professionals.
ОБ ОДНОЙ ЗАДАЧЕ СОПРЯЖЕНИЯ ДЛЯ УРАВНЕНИЯ СОСТАВНОГО И ГИПЕРБОЛИЧЕСКОГО ТИПОВ ЧЕТВЕРТОГО ПОРЯДКА
Authors: Бабаев Сайфулло , Бекмаматов Замирбек
Published: June 2024

Макалада төртүнчү тартиптеги курама жана гиперболалык типтеги теңдемелер үчүн жалгаштыруу маселесин комплекстүү изилдөө жүргүзүлөт. Жалгаштыруу маселесин чечүүдө аралаш типтеги теңдемелер теориясынын жана Вольтердин жана Фредгольмдун экинчи түрдөгү интегралдык теңдемелеринин теориясынын усулдары колдонулат. Негизги маселе ар бири өзүнчө каралуучу  өз алдынча үч маселелерге ажырайт. Маселелерди чыгаруунун жүрүшүндө экинчи даражадагы кадимки дифференциалдык теңдемелер үчүн маселелер жана Гурса тибиндеги маселелер изилденет. Бул кадимки дифференциалдык теңдемелер тип өзгөрүү сызыгында пайда болуп, алар үчүн чектик шарттар табылганын белгилей кетүү керек. Негизги аймактын тиешелүү камтылуучу аймактарында негизги маселени чечүүнүн  формулалары алынган. Жалгаштыруу маселесинин бир маанилүү чечилиши далилденген.
СОЗДАНИЯ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ 3D ГРАФИКИ И 3D-АНИМАЦИИ ВИРТУАЛЬНЫХ МИРОВ
Authors: Маманов Сирож
Published: June 2024

Представлены пути решения кадровых и материальных проблем, возникающих у образовательной организации при реализации 3D-технологий в урочной, внеурочной деятельности и в системе дополнительного образования. В статье раскрываются возможности образовательных организаций для формирования у школьников инженерного мышления через внедрение в учебный процесс изучения современной технологии - 3D-моделирования на примере опыта работы Центра детского (юношеского) технического творчества. Статья содержит подробное описание ресурса для систематизации работы по подготовке педагогических кадров и сопровождению их деятельности в области 3D-моделирования в контексте непрерывного образования.
МЕТОД ОБРАТНЫХ ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЙ ДЛЯ ЗАДАЧ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Сапарова Гульмира
Published: June 2024

В данной статье рассмотрен алгоритм решения задачи оптимизации с помощью аппарата обратных вычислений. Рассмотрена задача квадратичного программирования с ограничением в виде равенства, то есть, конкретно задача оптимизации закупок фирмы, в котором нужно определить количество заказываемых товаров таким образом, чтобы максимально удовлетворить спрос потребителя при минимальном бюджете. Предложенный алгоритм решения может быть применен в системах поддержки принятия решений для планирования максимальной закупки товаров организации. Данный алгоритм  является более простым в компьютерной реализации по сравнению с классическими методами, то есть, чтобы найти решение задачи оптимизации закупок просто нужно решить систему уравнений. В результате получили одинаковые решения для трех методов: метода на основе обратных вычислений, метода штрафов и метода множителей Лагранжа.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ НА ВЫЯВЛЯЕМОСТЬ УТРОГЕНИТАЛЬНОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ У СТУДЕНТОВ МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТА ОШГУ
Authors: Тажибаева Феруза , Кулмаматова Урумкан , Саматов Абдуллох
Published: June 2024

Актуальность проблемы состоит в том, что в последнее время участились случаи заболевания мочеполовой системы, как пиелоэктазия, гидрокликоз, цистит итд. Пиелоэктазия и гидрокаликоз представляют значительный интерес, так как являются определяющими факторами риска развития заболеваний мочевыводящей системы у студентов, приводящими к хронизации почечной патологии. Также заключается в том, что частое мочеиспускание студентов отвлекает не только самого студента, но еще и остальных обучающихся.
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Tumor Related Ailments in Some Local Government Areas in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria, Kola-Mustapha A. T. , Ghazali Y. O. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape (UWC), Cape Town, South Africa, Abdulrahman M. O. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria, Akande A. A. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria, Ayotunde H. T. ,   Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria, Ayinde B. A. ,   Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City Nigeria
Published: June 2024

Background: Plants materials have been used for medicinal purposes over the years. It is important that natural medicines used in various Nigerian communities are identified and studied for the potentials for standardization and development as sources of new drugs. This survey is an effort in this direction. Objective: Precisely, the study aimed to survey four Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Kwara State (Central Nigeria) for the medicinal plants used in the management of tumor related ailments by traditional medical practitioners (TMPs). Method: Data relating to the identities of the natural medicines, level of education and demographic information of participating TMPs were collected using interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaires. This study is cross-sectional and descriptive, and sampling was purposive. IBM SPSS (V23) software was deployed for data analysis, with p-value set at 0.05 for significance. Results: A total of forty-five respondents were interviewed (56% male and 44% female). Most of them are fairly educated with 11 to 20 years’ experience as traditional healers. A total of 50 plants were mentioned as being used in the management of tumors and related ailments. Tumor regression was mostly monitored by patients’ verbal responses and physical examinations of affected parts by the practitioner. Most of the healers do not keep records of their treatments. Conclusion: Several herbs were identified by the TMPs for tumors and related ailments in Kwara, Nigeria. From their responses, the need for improvement is dire. These identified herbs may provide natural sources for drug development of cheaper alternatives in developing countries and globally.
Viral suppression among patients on antiretroviral therapy and the influence of demographic variables: Clinical evidence from a Nigerian tertiary hospital
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, Onah P. O. , Siyaka A.
Published: June 2024

Background: Antiretroviral therapy is aimed at suppressing viral replication to undetectable level in the blood. This helps to slow down disease progression, reduce incidence of opportunistic infections, lower the risk of transmission and improve quality of life of patients. Viral suppression is increasingly becoming a clinical challenge as evidence of non-suppression is becoming more common among patients on HAART. Objective: This study aims to determine the rate and factors associated with viral suppression among adult HIV/AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 405 patients on four different HAART regimens. The study was carried out between 2016 and 2018 in ARV clinic of a tertiary care hospital using data obtained from medical records of patients. The primary outcome measure of viral load suppression is defined as <1000 copies/ml. Analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics. P value < 0.05 was considered significant Results: The proportion of patients who achieved viral suppression was 74.2% which is lower than 95% global target. The result showed no significant differences in the rate of viral suppression between the four HAART regimens in this study. There was also no significant association between demographic factors and viral suppression. Conclusion: The rate of viral suppression in this study was lower than the UNAIDS target of 95%. This finding makes a case for greater improvement and strengthening of existing programme interventions aimed at promoting long term suppression of viral replication.
Effect of the Aqueous Bark Extract of Blighia Sapida on Ovaries and Uteri of Female Rats
Authors:   Anatomy Programme, College of Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo Campus, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria, Adebajo A. O. , Ayoade O. H. , Ojo J. H. , Adebajo K. P. , Kinah M. B.
Published: June 2024

Background: Blighia sapida has its origin in sub-Saharan Africa and has been reported to have folkloric use in the management of ailments like backache, constipation, gonorrhoea, dysentery, psychosis, hernia, stomach-ache, malaria, and typhoid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Blighia sapida on the ovaries and uteri of female rats using the Sprague-Dawley rats as models. Materials and Methods: A total of twenty adult female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 150g±20g (n=5, W-Z) were used. Group W served as Control and received 1 ml of distilled water, X-Z received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of Blighia sapida respectively for a period of 4 weeks. After this study, the rats were euthanized, and their ovaries and uteri were harvested for histology and oxidative stress markers and blood for hormonal functions. Results: Micrographs of the ovaries showed degenerated theca cells within the cortex and ovarian stroma showed vascular congestion. Significant reductions in some female hormone (FSH, Estrogen and Progesterone) values were observed. There was also a significant increase in MDA and reduction in SOD and CAT uteri values were also noticed. Conclusion: Study showed that Blighia sapida could affect the ovaries and reproductive hormone, hence moderation in consumption of this extract by females should be considered, as excess consumption could lead to infertility.
TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYET ROLLERİNİN MEDYADAKİ SEMBOLİK ŞİDDETİ: GELİN EVİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Can Ali , Gumus Burcu
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma 2015’ten beri gündüz kuşağında gösterimde olan Geli Evi’nin Türkiye’deki gelin/kadın kimliğini nasıl yansıttığını araştırmaktadır. Programın ilk yayınlandığı tarihten bugüne kadar her sezondan rassal olarak 10 bölüm dikkate alınarak toplam 87 bölüm değerlendirilmiş ve seneler içerisinde bu program özelinde sunulan gelin / kadın kimliğinin sunulmasında değişiklik olup olmadığı, yarışmaya katılan kadınların başta toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri olmak üzere aile ve iş hayatı içerisindeki yerlerine ilişkin duruşlarının, bakış açılarının değişip değişmediği incelenmiştir. Seçili program değerlendirmeleri söylem ve içerik analizi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmelerin sonunda 2015’ten bu yana gelinin / kadının ev içerisindeki rolleri ya da toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ile ilgili herhangi bir değişik bakış açısının gelişmediği görülmüştür. Programa katılan yarışmacıların Türk örf ve adetlerine belli sınırlar içerisinde ve çoğunlukla göstermelik şekilde hayatlarında yer verdikleri görülmüştür. Ayrıca özellikle kına, söz, düğün gibi seremonilerin Avrupai geleneklerle harmanlanarak renkli bir senteze dönüştüğü anlaşılmıştır.
GELENEKSEL VE YENİ MEDYADA KRİZ HABERCİLİĞİ: İZMİR DEPREMİ HABERLERİ ÜZERİNE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Sancı Devrim , Ardıç Çobaner Aslıhan
Published: June 2024

Son yıllarda dijital medyaya artan ilgiye karşın geleneksel kitle iletişim araçları ve özellikle televizyon afetler sırasında temel haber kaynağı olma özelliğini korumaktadır. Bu makalede bir kriz anı olarak kabul edebileceğimiz İzmir depremi sırasında ve sonrasındaki bir aylık sürede farklı haber mecralarında yayınlanan deprem haberlerine odaklanılmış; haberlerde yoğun olarak tartışılan konuları, haber aktörlerini ve kaynaklarını bir içerik analizi ile ortaya koymayı, ayrıca haberlerde gazetecilik etiği bağlamında ne tür ihlaller görüldüğünü kriz haberciliği ilkeleri göz önünde bulundurularak tartışmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada, üç farklı haber mecrası ve 15 farklı haber kuruluşundan elde edilen 827 haber içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları mecralar arasında bazı benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya çıkarmıştır. Tüm haberlerde bilgilendirici nitelik baskın olmakla birlikte, dramatik ve trajik haberler daha çok televizyon ana haber bültenlerinde görülmüştür. Çalışma kriz anlarında halkın temel bilgi kaynağı olarak medyanın, yeterli ve doğru bilgi vermesinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
TÜKETİM KÜLTÜRÜ PERSPEKTİFİNDEN YOUTUBE KİDS'İN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Koç Çilem Tuğba , Karaman Nazlıgül
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, çocuklara özel, güvenli ve eğitici bir ortam sunduğu iddiası ile geliştirilen çocuk izleme platformu olan YouTube Kids uygulamasında yayımlanan video içerikleri araştırma konusu olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada, tüketim söylemiyle birlikte YouTube Kids uygulamasında yayımlanan video içeriklerinde, okul öncesi (0-6 yaş) çocukların ruhsal gelişimini etkileyebilecek şiddet/saldırganlık, cinsellik ve korku gibi zararlı içeriklerin ve çocukları tüketim kültürüne teşvik eden içeriklerin olup olmadığını araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, YouTube Kids uygulamasında yayımlanan ‘‘Maşa ile Koca Ayı’’, ‘‘İtfaiyeci Sam’’, ‘‘Küçük Otobüs Tayo’’, ‘‘Niloya’’, ‘‘Kukili’’, ‘‘Pijamaskeliler’’, ‘‘Konuşan Tom ve Arkadaşları’’, ‘‘Cailou’’, ‘‘Blippi Türkçe’’, ‘‘Küçük Kamyon Leo’’, ‘‘Oyuncak Oynuyorum’’, ‘‘Ben 10’’, ‘‘Polly Pocket’’, ‘‘Adisebaba Masalları’’, ‘‘Sesegel Çocuk’’, ‘‘Mucize Uğur Böceği ile Kara Kedi’’ olmak üzere toplam 16 kanal nitel içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Kanalların, 01.09.2022- 30.12.2022 tarihleri arasında yayınlanan en popüler olmak üzere toplam 38 bölümü amaçlı örneklem ile seçilmiş ve MAXQDA Pro Analytics 2022 veri analizi programında analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda, YouTube Kids uygulamasının YouTube platformuna kıyasla okul öncesi çocuklar için daha güvenli olduğu ancak ebeveynlerin kontrolü olmadığında çocukların, YouTube Kids uygulamasında da yaşlarına uygun olmayan şiddet, korku içeriklerine ve tüketime teşvik eden içeriklere maruz kalabilecekleri tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, YouTube Kids uygulamasının tamamen çocuklar için güvenli bir çocuk izleme uygulaması olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir.
NETANYAHU BEHIND ANGER AND VENGEANCE: A CHARACTER ANALYSIS
Authors: Yeşil M. Murat
Published: June 2024

The continued bombing of Gaza by Israel has sparked outrage in the world community. The United Nations officials and medical groups have reiterated the harrowing conditions in the Gaza Strip due to Israel's war on Hamas. The Council on American-Islamic Relations, the most significant U.S. Muslim civil rights and advocacy group, demanded international action to prevent starvation, disease, and genocide. Netanyahu's character traits are analyzed through his statements and comments published in the international news media during the seven months from October 7, 2023, the first day of Israel's military operation in Gaza, to April 7, 2024. Netanyahu has blamed Hamas for civilian deaths and claimed that civilians have been warned to leave Gaza and move to the South, which is called a safe zone. However, the military escalation in the South defied the reassurance people had received about moving south to be safe. Hospitals, mosques, churches, bakeries, and over 60 UNRWA buildings and schools have been hit across Gaza. Netanyahu's statements aimed to conceal his true motives. The contradiction between words and deeds is apparent. He says that they will never agree to a ceasefire and will continue their offensive to achieve their goals with minimal civilian casualties. However, Israeli attacks broadcast live on television always target civilian settlements. Netanyahu's goal is to confine the Palestinian people to a narrow area in the south, leaving them with no place to go. The international community has criticized Netanyahu's actions, and demonstrations against Israel are taking place worldwide. The perceived recklessness has marred his career, and Netanyahu's political narrative is scrutinized to analyze his character traits. Diplomatic sources say that Netanyahu's statements are far from convincing. The international community demands a solution to the conflict, and Netanyahu's actions are not helping to achieve peace. The situation in Gaza remains dire, and the world community is watching closely, hoping for a peaceful resolution.
Penguatan Keterampilan Guru SD Kelas IV dalam membuat Bahan Ajar Digital dengan Pendekatan Culturally Responsive Teaching di Kecamatan Kaloran Temanggung
Authors: Rasiman Rasiman , Miyono Noor , Kusumaningsih Widya , Wakhyudin Husni
Published: June 2024

Melaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bagi tenaga pendidik adalah salah satu upaya untuk melaksanakan salah satu Tridarma perguruan tinggi yaitu Pengabdian. Kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah suatu upaya Universitas PGRI Semarang, agar supaya bisa memberikan sumbangsih ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kepada masyarakat. Berkaitan dengan tersebut, kami Tim dari S2 Manajemen Pendidikan/Pendidikan Dasar Program Pascasarjana mengajukan usulan kegiatan Pengabdian bagi guru SD kelas IV, V, VI se Kecamatan Kaloran Temanggung. Tujuan Pengabdian ini adalah memberikan pelatihan bagi guru SD kelas IV agar mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengembangan bahan ajar berbasis CRT dan melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan e-modul yang telah dibuat karena siswa SD sekolah masih memerlukan pembelajaran yang menarik dan hal-hal yang konkrit. Dengan adanya kegiatan pengabdian ini, maka guru SD mempunyai dan dapat memahami tentang penggunaan bahan ajar digital berbasis CRT secara daring maupun luring dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar. Dengan menerapkan bahan ajar digital berbasis CRT, maka memberikan peluang bagi anak-anak untuk dapat bermain sambil belajar. Target luaran yang diharapkan dari kegitan ini adalah (1) guru SD dapat mengembangkan bahan ajar digital berbasis CRT yang menyajikan gabungan dua unsur atau lebih media yang terdiri dari teks, image, animasi, audio dan video secara terintegrasi dan (2) pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan guru dengan bahan ajar digital dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran yang bervariatif, menarik dan lebih  maksimal.
ساعات العمل المرنة لدعم الوالدين لاصطحاب أبنائهما إلى المدرسة: تماسك للأسرة وحماية للأطفال
Authors: محمد الأحمدي هالة عبد الماجد
Published: June 2024

الملخص

يعاني الوالدان العاملان من مشاقَّ كثيرة؛ بسبب عدم وجود سياسات ساعات عمل مرنة تساعدهما على بناء علاقات جيدة مع أطفالهما. والكثير من الآباء والأمهات لا يتمكنون من اصطحاب أبنائهم إلى المدرسة؛ نظراً لعدم وجود هذه السياسات في مؤسساتهم. ويُلقي "موجز السياسات"، هذا، الضوءَ على الدراسة التي أعدها "معهد الدوحة الدولي للأسرة" حول "اصطحاب الوالدين أبناءهما من وإلى المدرسة: التحديات وتبعات السياسات " والتي هدفت، استناداً على رسالة حملة "وصل عيالك" التي أطلقها "مركز أمان"، إلى تشجيع الوالدين على اصطحاب أبنائهما إلى المدرسة، وتقليل الاعتماد على العمالة المنزلية في توصيل الأطفال إلى المدرسة، وتشجيع الوالدين على استثمار وقت التوصيل في إجراء الحوارات الثرية مع الأبناء، بالإضافة إلى حث المسؤولين وأرباب العمل على توفير مرونة في أوقات العمل وتبني سياسات تساعد الآباء والأمهات في القيام بهذه العملية. وقد اعتمدت "الدراسة" على المنهج النوعي المرتكز على مقابلات مُعمّقة مع المبحوثين، وسعت إلى بحث الوضع الراهن بما يختص باصطحاب الوالدين أبناءهما إلى المدارس. وتم تحديد المشاركين باتباع أسلوب كرة الثلج، بالإضافة إلى الاعتماد على قاعدة بيانات "مركز الحماية والتأهيل الاجتماعي" (أمان). وتشكلت عينة "الدراسة" من 110 أفراد من الوالدين من الجنسين، وتمثلت في 48 مبحوثاً قطريّاً (36 أنثى، 12 ذكراً) و62 مبحوثاً غير قطري من جنسيات عربية متعددة (34 أنثى و28 ذكراً) ممن يعيشون في دولة قطر. وتم تقسيم المبحوثين إلى ثلاث فئات رئيسية: الذين يقومون باصطحاب أبنائهم دائماً، والذين يقوم باصطحاب أبنائهم أحياناً، والذين لا يصطحبون أبناءهم إطلاقاً. وخلصت هذه الدراسة إلى عدة توصيات، من أهمها استحداث سياسات عمل مرنة مثل أوقات العمل المرنة، بالإضافة إلى توصيات أخرى مثل: توفير رعاية الأطفال في أماكن العمل، وتنظيم حركة المرور، وتنسيق أوقات بدء العمل وانتهائه مع أوقات الدوام الدراسي؛ لتمكين الوالدين من اصطحاب أبنائهما إلى المدرسة.
The implementation of Palestine’s national teacher education strategy: a case study
Authors: Ayoub Ahlam
Published: June 2024

In the Middle East and North Africa region, including Palestine, the current teaching reforming trend toward international accountability and standards adoption is grounded by economic globalization. The Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MoEHE) in Palestine has been committed to attaining such a movement. With the aim of qualifying teachers, the national “Teacher Education Strategy” (TES) has been launched. This study examines the TES implementation process in Palestine. The implementation research is a critical aspect in analyzing the rationality, dynamism, and complexity of policy processes. Based on the case study methodology and utilization of a multi-disciplinary framework, the researcher gathered and comprehended the data. Zoom interviews and document analysis were applied for data collection. Moreover, the developed analytic model enabled the researcher to delve into the implementation process by examining aspects such as communication enforcement, delivery structure, policy objectives, roles and disposition of implementers, and socio-economic and political factors. However, a collective effort to reform teacher education has been hindered by several factors. Neoliberal policies and external influences, alongside political and economic restrictions, as well as the centralized and vertical structure of the MoEHE, have complicated Palestinians’ vision for decentralization in education. These challenges have impeded the development of a modern education system. Despite the many accomplishments, the core element of TES objectives has not been achieved yet. For authentic implementation, this research argues for an interaction of global and local discourses to achieve a higher consistency between the implementation goals and outcomes. It recommends a multiple-case design and comparative future studies.
Modeling of autoimmune uveitis in experimental glaucoma
Authors: Javadova G. Ch.
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE. To create a model of uveitis in conditions of experimental glaucoma and to study various immunological blood parameters.

METHODS. The experiment was conducted on 24 sexually mature Chinchilla rabbits, divided into 2 groups. In group I (16 eyes), steroid glaucoma was modeled. To create the model, the animals were instilled with 1 drop of 0.1% dexamethasone 2 times a day for 30 days. In group II, sensitization with normal horse serum (NHS) was performed in addition to experimental steroid glaucoma modeling (16 rabbits). To create a model of uveitis, a resolving dose of NHS was injected into the right eye of the animals of group II (16 eyes). The right eye (16 eyes) constituted subgroup 1, the left eye (16 eyes) — subgroup 2 (control). Blood was taken from the ear vein of all animals. Sample 1 consisted of specimens from animals in group I, samples 2 and 3 — specimens from animals in group II after sensitization and after uveitis development, respectively.

RESULTS. Clinical picture of uveitis was observed in the right eye 3 days after injecting the resolving intravitreal dose. The following changes were noted in samples 2 and 3, respectively: the leukocyte content increased by 95.9% (p<0.001) and 90.8% (p<0.001); the neutrophil content decreased by 22% (p=0.417) and increased by 105.8% (p<0.001), total hemolytic complement capacity decreased by 84.4% (p<0.001) and 84.3% (p<0.001), the number of circulating immune complexes decreased by 99.1% (p<0.001) and 96.9% (p<0.001), the number of T-lymphocytes increased by 120.5% (p<0.001) and 116.8% (p<0.001), and B-lymphocytes — by 93.0% (p<0.001) in both samples, IgE — by 5.3 times (p<0.001) and 6.5 times (p<0.001).

CONCLUSION. The obtained model of uveitis in conditions of experimental glaucoma will allow a more detailed study of the important links of the pathological process in the eye, and to extrapolate the obtained data to clinical practice in order to improve the effectiveness and safety of pathogenetically oriented treatment.
Cognitive impairment in glaucoma and the possibilities of its correction
Authors: Korelina V. E. , Semizorova I. N. , Gazizova I. R. , Nagornova Z. M.
Published: June 2024

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial, progressive disease, which pathogenesis is not completely understood. This review analyzes studies that confirm the relationship between emotional state, mental characteristics, and the morphological-functional state of the central nervous system with the development and progression of POAG. The psychopathological disorders are shown to be inevitable in such chronic neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma. The article presents data confirming that cognitive indicators correlate with the thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer. Retinal ganglion cells can be considered a marker not only for glaucoma, but also for cerebral neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, anxiety and depression levels. Optical coherence tomography of the retina can be used as a method for early detection of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative processes in the brain. It is confirmed that patients with open-angle glaucoma need a comprehensive neurological and neuropsychological examination for early identification of cognitive disorders and timely prescription of psychotherapeutic treatment. The article also emphasizes the need for psychotherapeutic support due to the prevalence of depression, dementia, and sleep disturbances among glaucoma patients.
SESSİZ İSTİFA VE SESSİZ İŞTEN ÇIKARMA ÖLÇEKLERİ: TÜRKÇEYE UYARLAMA ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: Sürücü Lütfi , Güleryüz İlkay , Maşlakçı Ahmet
Published: June 2024

Yönetim alanında yaşanan değişim ve gelişmeler sürekli yeni kavramların da ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Sessiz istifa ve sessiz işten çıkarma kavramları da bu şekilde ortaya çıkan yeni kavramlar arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu iki yeni kavramın nicel olarak ölçülmesine imkân sağlayacak bir ölçeğin Türkçe uyarlanmasını sağlayarak, hem akademik hem de iş dünyasına katkı sağlamaktır. Bu kapsamda Anand, Doll ve Ray (2023) tarafından geliştirilen sessiz istifa ve sessiz işten çıkarma ölçeklerinin Türkçeye uyarlaması yapılmıştır. Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti (KKTC)’nde farklı sektörlerde çalışanların oluşturduğu örnekleme uygulanan anket sonucunda elde edilen veriler SPSS v25 AMOS v22 yazılımları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Geçerlik, güvenirlik, faktör analizleri ve korelasyon analizi yapılmış ve istifa ve sessiz işten çıkarma ölçeklerinin Türk örneklem grubuna da uygulanabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir ölçekler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Böylece Türk literatürüne sessiz istifa ve sessiz işten çıkarma kavramlarının ampirik olarak ölçülebileceği bir ölçek kazandırıldığı değerlendirilmektedir.
Meme sebagai Media Dakwah: Analisis Konten Memeislam.id di Kalangan Milenial
Authors: Muhasyim  , Putra Abdul Azhar
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengangkat masalah fenomena dakwah menggunakan meme di Instagram, yang berbeda dari dakwah tradisional seperti di masjid, majelis, dan halaqoh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konten Memeislam.id sebagai media dakwah di kalangan milenial serta penerapan metode dakwah dalam kontennya. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori komunikasi virtual Joseph Walther yang mengkaji pengembangan hubungan dalam format Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). Teori ini mencakup tiga perspektif: komunikasi impersonal, interpersonal, dan hyperpersonal. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode observasional online dan analisis teks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Memeislam.id berkomunikasi dengan komunikan melalui tiga tahapan CMC: impersonal, interpersonal, dan hyperpersonal. Pada tahapan impersonal, emotikon dan meme digunakan untuk menggantikan bahasa nonverbal. Pada tahapan interpersonal, meme yang relevan dengan masyarakat digunakan untuk membuka diri dan mendapatkan respon berupa like, comment, follow, dan share. Pada tahapan hyperpersonal, variabel sender, receiver, channel, dan feedback digunakan secara efektif. Konten Memeislam.id juga menerapkan tiga metode dakwah dalam QS. An-Nahl 125: hikmah, mauidhah hasanah, dan mujadalah, menjadikan dakwah lebih mudah diterima dan dipahami oleh kalangan milenial. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam memahami strategi dakwah digital dan mengusulkan arah baru bagi penelitian lanjutan tentang penggunaan media sosial sebagai platform dakwah yang efektif.
EFFECTS OF WORK PERKS ON JOB SATISFACTION AMONG THE EMPLOYEES OF BANKING INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Tarafdar Prosenjit , Rahman Fairuz , Islam Sayed Azharul , Karmoker Kajol
Published: June 2024

In the modern business world featured with much talent intensive organizations, employee job satisfaction has become a major challenge for the employer. One of the major variables influencing employee job satisfaction is the nature of benefits organizations arrange for their employees. Non-monetary benefits especially work perks impress employees much which in turn helps firms attract and retain competent workforce. Consequently, this paper aims at examining the effects of work perks on employee job satisfaction. A total of 383 employees working in the banking industry of Bangladesh participated in the study. Through the use of a self-administered questionnaire, data has been collected. After collecting data, the study's hypotheses were tested using correlation and regression analysis techniques. The findings show that administrative privileges, cash benefits, and severance pay all significantly improve employee work satisfaction. However, the study discovered that benefits connected to personal and family life, food and entertainment, and medical and healthcare did not significantly affect job satisfaction. According to the survey, firms should ensure that their work perks are well-designed as a way to achieve worker satisfaction, which is a requirement for efficiency, productivity, and commitment.
Adaptive Neural Event-Triggered Output-Feedback Opti-mal Tracking Control for Discrete-Time Pure-Feedback Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Min
Published: June 2024

Article
Adaptive Neural Event-Triggered Output-Feedback Optimal Tracking Control for Discrete-Time Pure-Feedback Nonlinear Systems

Wei Wang 1, and Min Wang 1,2,*

1 School of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
2 Pengcheng Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
* Correspondence: auwangmin@scut.edu.cn
 
 
Received: 20 December 2023
Accepted: 30 January 2024
Published: 26 June 2024
 

Abstract: In this article, a novel event-triggered (ET) output-feedback optimal tracking control scheme is developed for a class of uncertain discrete-time nonlinear systems in the pure-feedback form with immeasurable states. Firstly, different from the traditional n-step-ahead input-output prediction model, the immeasurable states of the system are estimated in real time by designing a neural network (NN) state observer. Then, the implicit function theorem and the mean value theorem are combined to tackle the nonaffine terms. The variable substitution approach is applied to overcome the causal contradiction problem during the backstepping design, and meanwhile the n-step time delays caused by the traditional n-step-ahead prediction model are avoided. Subsequently, the critic NN and the action NN are employed to minimize the system long-term performance measure. Under the adaptive critic design framework, an optimal controller is designed to obtain the optimal control performance. Furthermore, an ET mechanism is embedded between sensors and controllers to reduce network burden. A novel ET condition is developed to save network resources and guarantee the desired tracking control performance. According to the Lyapunov stability analysis, all the closed-loop system signals are guaranteed to be uniformly ultimately bounded.
The Effectiveness of Accelerating Halal Product Certification: Regulations and Companions
Authors: Rofi'ah Khusniati , Safira Martha Eri , Rosele Muhammad Ikhlas
Published: June 2024

A variety of regulations have regulated halal certification policies. However, the implementation of accelerated halal certification regulations in Indonesia has not been effective because there still needs to be improvement in substance, structure, and legal culture. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of accelerating halal certification between Indonesia and Malaysia. This socio-legal research uses a comparative approach with Malaysia. The data used are primary and secondary interviews, surveys, case studies, and literature studies.  The research results show that, first, that the effectiveness of halal product regulations in Indonesia has yet to be maximized in terms of substance, structure, and legal culture. Second, the regulatory and companion factors required for halal certification are strategies to accelerate halal certification in Indonesia. The government must promptly enhance regulations regarding halal products, supervise law enforcement, and conduct outreach and education initiatives for the public in response to the numerous challenges encountered in expediting halal product certification. This research will impact accelerating certification, which can increase economic growth and serve as a legal basis for formulating the adoption of Indonesian government regulations.
Vulnerabilidade social, preconceito e discriminação: o cotidiano para quem vive com HIV/AIDS
Authors: Souza Marcio Costa de , Serpa Evelin Duarte , Santos Débora Lopes dos , Brito Thaynara Martins , Oliveira Ana Beatriz das Mercês , Barbosa Kalliny Mirella Gonçalves , Silva Ana Beatriz Barros Ferreira da , Souza Jairrose Nascimento , Cardoso Talita Miranda Pitanga Barbosa , Maciel Roberto Rodrigues Tosta Bandeira
Published: June 2024

As pessoas que convivem com HIV/AIDS estão expostas a diversos desafios cotidianos que são transversalizados por multivulnerabilidades que reforçam o preconceito e a discriminação, inclusive, no cuidado em saúde. Nessa perspectiva, este estudo buscou conhecer os modos de produção de vida das pessoas com o diagnóstico de HIV/AIDS e a relação com a vulnerabilidade social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e exploratória realizada em um centro de referência entre abril de 2022 e fevereiro de 2024.  A produção dos dados ocorreu a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas e o número de participantes foi definido por saturação teórica. A interpretação dos dados se fundamentou na análise temática, o qual foi alocada os dados em uma trilha interpretativa para a produção da análise. Observou-se que a população que convive com HIV/AIDS, para além do quadro e das complicações clínicas, o contexto e as questões sociais a que as pessoas estão submetidas impactam na experiência do adoecimento e na saúde mental. A população que convive com o HIV é vítima de processos sociais que transcendem o adoecimento e coexistem com os paradigmas que emergem do estigma associado à doença, afetando o cuidado em saúde e as relações sociais. Assim, ainda é presente o medo e o sofrimento diante do preconceito e discriminação, da perda do exercício da sexualidade, da dificuldade para exercer as atividades laborais e da exposição do diagnóstico, emergindo a necessidade de sensibilizar a população sobre a doença, bem como fortalecer as ações de educação permanente e continuada para a qualificação dos profissionais e melhoria da qualidade do cuidado.
EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE SETTINGS
Authors: HAKIMI M , MAHESSAR SS , ULLAH Q , BHATTY ET , ILYAS A , SHAHID S , ASIM F
Published: June 2024

Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most significant public health challenges of the 21st century, posing serious threats to the effectiveness of treatments for infectious diseases. Objective: The main objective of this study is to identify antibiotic resistance patterns in primary healthcare settings. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sehat Hospital Hyderabad from June 2022 to June 2023. Data were collected from 650 participants who sought medical care for bacterial infections and had been prescribed antibiotics in the primary healthcare setting. Participants who consented to the study and agreed to provide necessary samples for analysis were included. Demographic information, history, and clinical examinations were collected using systematically designed questionnaires and chart abstractions. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate methods, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Data were collected from 650 participants with a mean age of 38.09 ± 9.81 years. Of these, 52% were female and 48% were male. Respiratory infections were the most common, affecting 35% of participants. Recent antibiotic use was significantly associated with higher resistance rates, with 45% resistance in those who had used antibiotics recently compared to 20% in those who had not (p < 0.01). Participants aged 60 years and older exhibited a higher resistance rate of 35% compared to 20% in those under 60 years old (p < 0.05). Gender did not show a significant association with antibiotic resistance, with resistance rates of 25% in females and 27% in males (p = 0.65). Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat in primary healthcare settings, with a high prevalence of resistant and multi-drug-resistant strains identified.
RANCANG BANGUN POMPA HYDRAM DI DESA KARANGTALUN PURBALINGGA
Authors: Sampurno Carolus Borromeus Krishna , Tri Setiono Adhi , Maulita Ika , Ito Yonathan , Obiyasi Aldean
Published: June 2024

Desa Karangtalun merupakan sebuah desa pertanian yang berada di Kecamatan Bobotsari, kabupaten Purbalingga. Kondisi geografis Desa Karangtalun sangat mendukung sebagai lahan pertanian sayur organik terutama sayur kara. Kondisi lahan pertanian tanaman kara organik di Desa Karangtalun sangat didukung oleh letak kawasan Desa yang berada di kaki Gunung Slamet. Kawasan ini mempunyai beberapa mata air yang mengalir di sekitar lahan pertanian sayur kara organik. Akan tetapi terdapat lahan pertanian sayur kara yang berada di atas aliran air sehingga menyulitkan petani untuk mengalirkan air menuju ke lahan pertanian. Kesulitan yang dialami adalah untuk mengangkat air dari permukaan rendah ke permukaan yang lebih tinggi. Kondisi ini dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan pompa air. Pompa air yang digunakan untuk pengairan lahan pertanian tanaman kara di Desa Karangtalun adalah Pompa Hydram. Pada penelitian dilakukan rancang bangun Pompa Hydram dengan tujuan membantu pengairan pada pertanian sayur kara di Desa Karangtalun Purbalingga sebagai bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Pemasangan pompa Hydram dapat bekerja dengan baik dan dapat memompa air 900 ml dalam 1 menit. Jika dihitung dalam satuan debit air, Pompa Hydram dapat memompa air 0,00015 m3/detik menuju ke lahan pertanian sehingga kebutuhan pengairan pada lahan pertanian dapat terpenuhi.
Edukasi Keamanan Digital Menggunakan Aplikasi Getcontact Pada Masyarakat Desa Panongan Lor, Cirebon
Authors: Permana Indra Surya , Sampurno Carolus Borromeus Krishna , Ramadhini Rivanni Putri
Published: June 2024

Angka kejahatan siber terdapat setidaknya ada lebih dari 2000 laporan kejahatan siber di Indonesia. Sebanyak 110 di antaranya adalah penyalahgunaan data atau dikenal sebagai phishing, Shimising, dan Vhising yang semakin marak terjadi di masyarakat bahkan seringkali menggunakan ancaman. Kegiatan KKN Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama yang berupa sosialisasi pada masyarakat Desa Panongan Lor, Kabupaten Cirebon dengan tujuan agar warga mengenal berbagai bentuk aksi kejahatan yang ada di sosial media pada masa kini sehingga dapat mengantisipasi jika mengalami terjadinya aksi kejahatan tersebut. Metode yang dilakukan pada kegiatan ini yaitu dengan metode analisis deskriptif dan wawancara dengan warga sehingga menimbulkan  komunikasi yang baik antara mahasiswa dengan warga. Dari kegiatan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa program yang kami canangkan dapat membantu meningkatkan informasi pada diri warga tentang bentuk – bentuk kejahatan online dan cara mengantisipasinya. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini mencoba menyampaikan materi dan kendala yang ada pada warga blok simbar. Meskipun hal yang dilakukan tidak banyak karena keterbatasan yang ada namun pada akhirnya program ini bisa berjalan dengan baik. Kami berharap dengan dilakukannya sosialisasi ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahan warga tentang keamanan bermedia digital.
Learning English Listening Using Media Busuu Application
Authors: Lina Lina Rahmawati , Hidayat Hendi
Published: June 2024

Changes to the kurikulum 2013 into a kurikulum merdeka, a form of a new approach to the curriculum in Indonesia. The independent curriculum frees schools to develop curricula according to the context and needs of students in each region. But in reality, pedagogy in Indonesia still focuses on traditional methods. This research develops digital learning resources for writing report text referring to the CEFR national standard for junior high school students. The method used is the research and development model of R&D by Borg & Gall. The stages of this research began with needs analysis, design and development of writing learning resource websites. This study develops an innovative prototype for learning to write an English report text. It is hoped that this research can be used in the current curriculum as a reference for the development of digital writing resources with reference to CEFR international standards that suit the needs of students in each region.
Innovative Marketing Strategies Analysis of Alibaba
Authors: Jiang Zekun
Published: June 2024

In the context of a globalized economy, the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce offers businesses unprecedented opportunities for market expansion. However, this expansion process requires enterprises to effectively promote their products and services to attract international buyers and build enough trust to ensure the security and reliability of transactions. As one of the world's largest B2B e-commerce platforms, Alibaba has successfully addressed these challenges through its unique business model and strategy, facilitating global trade. Through a case study, this paper examines the implementation details of Alibaba International's innovation and promotion activities, including search engine optimization, customized services, ecosystem building, implementation of a digital showroom, and the safeguards it implemented to build trust between buyers and sellers. It explains how Alibaba has made itself the world's largest B2B cross-border e-commerce platform and contributed to the digital transformation of global trade.