bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geophysical and Sedimentological Characterization of Oil Sand Deposit in Part of Eastern Dahomey Basin Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Adekoya Sofiat A. , Coker Joseph O. , Ikhane Phillip R. , Oladunjoye Hamid T.
Published: June 2024

Unconventional oil is the group name given to unconventional petroleum deposits such as oil sands and heavy oils. Oil sand, commonly referred to as tar sand or bituminous sand is a sandstone formation impregnated with viscous bitumen. This study utilized the two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging technique to characterize oil sand and validate its true resistivity value and sedimentological analysis to evaluate the physical properties of the oil sand deposit. The two-dimension electrical resistivity imaging data acquisition was done along seven profiles systematically in a grid format using dipole-dipole electrode configuration and processed using the RES2DINV software. Fresh samples were collected from three points within the study area for grain sizes and textural properties analysis. The result of the 2-D ERI in the study area showed two to three geoelectric layers and the oil sand being the second layer as evident in the 3-D model obtained from the systemic data acquisition procedure. The resistivity obtained for oil sand in the study area range between 2,500 Ωm to 105 Ωm which validates the report of high resistivity value of oil sand in the study area. The sedimentological analysis showed that the sediments in the study area are of medium sand moderately sorted sand grain and leptokurtic to mesokurtic sand suggesting unimodal and bimodal parent source.
Contribution à l’étude des habitudes alimentaires du poisson-éléphant Gnathonemus petersii, Gunther (Mormyridae, Ostéoglossiformes) pêché dans le Pool Malebo, fleuve Congo (RD Congo).
Authors: AMBAYI BIENU Sylvain
Published: June 2024

Résumé Cette réflexion s’est penchée sur les habitudes alimentaires du poisson-éléphant Gnathonemus petersii, Gunther (Mormyridae, Ostéoglossiformes) pêché dans le Pool Malebo, fleuve Congo (RD Congo). L’analyse de classification hiérarchique ascendante réalisée à partir des pourcentages d’occurrence calculés dans chaque classe de tailles a permis d’obtenir trois groupes de classification hiérarchique, montrant les similarités entre les régimes alimentaires des spécimens des huit classes de tailles de Gnathonemus petersii et le spectre alimentaire comprend 18 aliments. En avril, les individus se nourrissent préférentiellement de larves de Chironomidae (71% de l’IRI) tandis que les débris d’insectes (17,4% de l’IRI) constituent l’aliment secondaire. Pendant le mois de juin, les larves de Chironomidae (34,4% de IRI) et les Elmidae (29,4% de l’IRI) représentent les aliments préférentiels tandis que les aliments secondaires sont constitués d’Éphéméroptères (21,3% de l’IRI). Au mois d’octobre, les poissons consomment préférentiellement les larves de Chironomidae (53,9% de l’IRI), tandis que les Éphéméroptères (26,8% de l’IRI) constituent les aliments secondaires. Le coefficient de corrélation des rangs de Spearman est significatif entre les mois de mai et juin (N = 32 ; rs = 0,78 ; p < 0,001), les mois de juin et octobre (N = 22 ; rs = 0,48 ; p < 0,05) et les mois d’avril et de juin (N = 28 ; rs = 0,56 ; p < 0,001).
Adversarial Convolutional Neural Network for Predicting Blood Clot Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Hambali Moshood A. , Agwu Paul A.
Published: June 2024

Digital Pathology Image Analysis (DPIA) is one of the areas where deep learning (DL) techniques offer modern, cutting-edge functionality. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technology outperforms the competition in classification, segmentation, and detection tasks while being just one of numerous DL techniques. Classification, segmentation, and detection methods can often be used to address DPIA concerns. Some difficulties can also be resolved using pre- and post-processing techniques. However, other CNN models have been investigated for use in addressing DPIA-related issues. Furthermore, the research seeks to explore how susceptible the model is to adversarial attacks and suggest strategies to counteract them. To predict ischemic strokes caused by blood clots, the authors of this study developed CNN with a pixel brightness transformation (PBT) technique for image enhancement and developed several approaches of image augmentation techniques to increase and provide the learning model with more diverse features. Also, adversarial training was integrated into CNN models to train the model with perturbed data in order to assess the impact of adversarial noise at different stages of training. Several metrics, including precision, F1-score, accuracy, and recall, are utilized to assess the experiments' effectiveness. The research findings indicate that employing transfer learning with a deep learning model achieved an accuracy of up to 97% using the ReLU activation function. Also, data augmentation helps improve the accuracy of the model.
Inhibidores de Janus Quinasas, consideraciones actuales
Authors: Vargas López Sara Viviana
Published: June 2024

Los resultados del estudio clínico de seguridad Oral Surveillance publicados en 2022, realizado a petición de la administración de drogas y alimentos (FDA: Food and Drugs Administration U.S por sus siglas en inglés), debido al riesgo observado de elevación de lípidos, de eventos mayores cardiovasculares (MACE: Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events por sus siglas en inglés) y de cáncer en pacientes con artritis reumatoide (AR) que recibieron tofacitinib en comparación con aquellos que recibieron terapia inhibitoria del factor de necrosis tumoral (Tumor Necrosis Factor: TNF por sus siglas en inglés), han traído repercusión sobre el posicionamiento de los jakinibs (inhibidores de la janus quinasas) en la estrategia actual del tratamiento de la artritis reumaoide.
Artropatía de la Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal: Inmunosupresores y terapias complementarias
Authors: Castillo Jurado Mayra
Published: June 2024

El compromiso articular en los pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) es un problema frecuente que ha puesto en evidencia la estrecha relación entre el intestino y las articulaciones a través de diversos mecanismos que involucran a la microbiota intestinal y factores inmunogenéticos.
Trombosis de los senos venosos como forma de presentación de un síndrome antifosfolipídico
Authors: Guzmán-García Santiago Andrés , Ruiz Aguirre María Eliza , Samaniego Burneo José Elías , Aguirre Celi Jorge Nicolás , Rodríguez Jaramillo Felipe
Published: June 2024

El síndrome antifosfolipídico es una enfermedad autoinmune que afecta varios órganos y sistemas; se caracteriza principalmente por presencia de trombos arteriales/venosos en lugares poco usuales y/o la presencia de abortos a repetición, entres otras manifestaciones. La trombosis de los senos venosos cerebrales puede ser una forma de presentación de un síndrome antifosfolipídico, es considerada una entidad rara y poco frecuente en la práctica médica diaria, debuta a cualquier edad, con cierto predominio en la población joven, con una relación mujeres/hombres de 3:1. A propósito, se presenta un caso de un paciente joven con trombosis de los senos venosos cerebrales, sagital superior y transverso derecho, como forma de presentación de un síndrome antifosfolipídico.
East Lake Street: The Story of Latine Economic Development
Authors: Arredondo Jovany , Valle Gaby , Fowler Olivia
Published: June 2024

Valle, Arredondo, and Fowler analyze the sudden growth and development of Latine businesses on East Lake Street in Minneapolis, Minnesota that occurred between the 1990s and 2020. The authors propose that Latine-owned businesses flourished on the East Lake Street due to significant support and opportunities provided by cultural hubs and nonprofit organizations existing within the neighborhood. Their findings suggest that nonprofit developmental organizations have a significant influence on the economic development of an ethnic enclave.
Service Reputation and Customer Loyalty in Ocean Freight Forwarders: An Exporters’ Perspective in Mindanao Regions
Authors:   Xavier University – Ateneo De Cagayan, Ortega Sergiris , Gevero Rustum ,   Xavier University – Ateneo De Cagayan
Published: June 2024

Customer loyalty is a vital component for businesses to achieve success and growth and that gaining customer loyalty can be sustainable by building a positive reputation. This study investigated the influence of customer satisfaction and trust as dimensions of the reputation of Ocean Freight Forwarders on customer loyalty. Data were collected from 180 exporting companies in Mindanao and a survey questionnaire was administered. A descriptive correlational design was employed, and the results showed positive and statistically significant relationship between customer loyalty, satisfaction, and trust. The findings revealed that exporters perceive ocean freight forwarders' reputation as highly satisfactory in terms of technical and functional qualities, and they have a very high level of trust in forwarders' benevolence and credibility. The results also showed strong loyalty in all dimensions of customer loyalty. Thus, the practical implications of this study are clear: prioritizing customer satisfaction and maintaining trust by the forwarders are essential for establishing a strong reputation. Therefore, ocean freight forwarders should consider these findings and continuously evaluate and improve their trust image and customer satisfaction strategies to enhance customer loyalty and maintain a competitive position in the dynamic export industry.
Aproximación a la dimensión Social del modelo SCOT: apuntes desde los estudios CTS y la filosofía de la tecnología.
Authors: Muñoz García Gustavo Adolfo
Published: June 2024

La perspectiva de CTS enfocada a la Teoría de la Construcción Social de la Tecnología (SCOT), es una visión sociológica, donde su conceptualización está inserto a una red de intersecciones entre grupos y actores interesados que inciden en los diferentes procesos de la sociedad. Cada uno de ellos, permite explicar la relación de cómo entender los estudios sociales de la tecnología y la filosofía de la tecnología dentro del enfoque CTS. El presente trabajo se propone hacer una mirada reflexiva sobre las orientaciones de la filosofía de la tecnología y CTS, poniendo atención a la enseñanza de la tecnología situada, reflexiva, crítica dentro del desarrollo tecnológico e innovador en términos socio-técnicos.
Desarrollo humano. Hacia una conceptualización integral, holística y sostenible de cara a la Agenda 2030
Authors: Morales Carrero Jesús Alfredo
Published: June 2024

Este ensayo como resultado de una revisión documental y de un proceso analítico-reflexivo sobre las aportaciones de la Agenda 2030, plantea una conceptualización del desarrollo humano en atención a los criterios de integridad, holístico y sostenible, en un intento por determinar algunas de las dimensiones, líneas de acción y procesos que deben ser atendidos para formular programas viables, que velen por la redistribución de la riqueza en razón de la justicia, la equidad y la igualdad en el acceso a las oportunidades de crecimiento multidimensional. Se concluye, que el verdadero desarrollo humano debe integrar el cambio sociocultural, fomentar comportamientos productivos y ampliar las posibilidades para lograr la superación de las carencias económicas, sociales, espirituales y éticas.
Lectura y pedagogía Freinet en Preescolar
Authors: Gatti Juan Sebastián , Figueroa Fernández Ireri , Ramos Hernández Luis Ricardo
Published: June 2024

El presente ensayo tiene como objetivo divulgar las mejores prácticas de fomento a la lectura lúdica en el Centro Freinet Prometeo. Entre las estrategias y proyectos escolares implementados se encuentran el taller de lectura, la mañana de lectura con abuelos o abueleada, el préstamo de libros, entre otros. Hemos recurrido a la experiencia acumulada en los talleres de lectura del Centro Freinet Prometeo para desarrollar un protocolo específico que permitiera evaluar el acercamiento de los preescolares a la lectura. Este protocolo consta de doce indicadores de rendimiento que posibilitan evaluar la relación de nuestros pequeños con la literatura, los libros, las bibliotecas y la lectura, tanto de forma individual como en grupo
Comparative Analysis of Digital Trade Rules between China and the United States: Taking USMCA as an Example
Authors: Yumiao ZHENG  , Jing TANG
Published: June 2024

With the rapid development of digital economy, the rule setting and practice of China and the United States in the field of digital trade have become the focus of international attention. The coordination and cooperation of digital trade rules between China and the United States will definitely play a key role in the healthy development of the global digital trade. Taking USMCA as an example, this paper conducts an in-depth comparative analysis of the digital trade rules between China and the US, summarizes the differences between China and the US in the field of digital trade rules at the levels of national strategy, interest orientation, rule claims and dispute settlement mechanism, and puts forward policy suggestions on China's docking of international high-standard digital trade rules as well as how to construct a digital trade rules system with Chinese characteristics.
Influence of parents’ strategies for Dealing with sibling Conflict on Children's sibling relationship: The mediating role of parent-child relationship
Authors: Yuge YUE
Published: June 2024

A total of 1368 children aged 3-6 with siblings and their parents were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method. The sibling relationship scale, the parental strategies for dealing with sibling conflict scale and the parent-child relationship scale were used as research tools to explore the influence of parents’ strategies for resolving sibling conflict on sibling relationship. Meanwhile, according to the family system theory, Investigate the mediating effect of parent-child relationship. The results showed that: (1) Parents’ strategies to deal with sibling conflict are positively correlated with both sibling relationship and parent-child relationship, and parent-child relationship has a significant mediating effect; (2) Child-centered strategies were positively correlated with sibling intimacy and negatively correlated with sibling conflict; (3) Parental control strategies were significantly positively correlated with sibling conflict, sibling relative status, and parent-child conflict; (4) Passive non-intervention strategies were significantly negatively correlated with parent-child intimacy and sibling intimacy, and were significantly positively correlated with parent-child conflict and sibling conflict, but not correlated with sibling relative status. This study reveals that parents’ strategies to deal with sibling conflict affect sibling relationship, and the mediation mechanism of parent-child relationship can provide empirical evidence for families to reasonably deal with sibling conflict.
Digital Marketing: The Next Brand Promotion Paradigm
Authors:   School of Management Studies, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Sandhya Rani
Published: June 2024

Digital marketing, or e-marketing, refers to the use of electronic media by marketers to advertise and promote products or services on the market. It is currently the most preferred and is continuously growing at an annual Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 40%, as can be seen on many online platforms all over the world. In India, digital marketing is projected to have a brighter future as services and businesses are increasingly becoming online. E-marketing has emerged as a more economical and powerful medium of brand promotion. This study aims to discuss the future trends and scope of digital marketing in India.
Campaign Spending and Its Effect during the 2013 and 2016 Elections in the Province of Cebu
Authors: Boniao Patrick
Published: June 2024

Elections play a crucial role in legitimizing authority in democratic societies, yet the impact of campaign spending necessitates further investigation. This research delves into the influence of campaign expenditures on election outcomes in Cebu province between 2013 and 2016. Analysis of the Statement of Contributions and Expenditures (SOCE), this study explores how candidates make decisions regarding the allocation of campaign funds. Employing a mixed-method research approach, quantitative techniques like regression analysis are utilized to examine the relationship between spending and election results, while qualitative methods including scrutinizing SOCE documents and conducting interviews with candidates and COMELEC officials shed light on spending patterns and offer recommendations for policy enhancements. Cebu Provincial data elections spanning 2013 and 2016 reveal a strong positive correlation between election spending and votes. Travel expenses, compensating campaigners, and communication demonstrate statistically insignificant correlations with voting outcomes (p-values of 0.842, 0.771, and 0.811, respectively). Similarly, printed materials and the employment of watchers’ expenditures display slightly positive correlations but lack statistical significance (p-values of 0.239 and 0.984). Moreover, campaign headquarters, meetings, and rallies show no significant correlations (p-values of 0.841 and 0.458). Advertising expenses emerged as the sole statistically significant factor in 2013 (p = 0.000), indicating a substantial 22.6 increase in votes for every 55,895 pesos spent. In the 2013 elections, only campaign paraphernalia and media spending correlated with votes; conversely, media spending was the sole positive correlation in 2016. Findings suggest that wealth played a significant role in the 2013 election, undermining the democratic principle of meritocracy where the most deserving candidate should prevail. Proposed policy changes include criminalizing campaign malpractices, ensuring candidate qualifications are rigorously vetted, and enhancing voter education programs spearheaded by academia. These measures are essential to mitigate the undue influence of money in politics and uphold the integrity of our electoral system.
Online English Language Teaching of Grade Eleven Students
Authors: Colocado Ponciano
Published: June 2024

In the Philippines, English teachers face additional challenges with online learning, particularly regarding connectivity issues and the teaching of grammar. Students also struggle with modular distance learning due to the lack of stable social and physical interactions. Considering these challenges, evaluating the effectiveness of online learning in English language teaching can inform decision-making among education stakeholders. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the effectiveness of online learning for Grade 11 English language instruction. To investigate this, the study employed an experimental research design to assess the effectiveness of online English language instruction for Grade 11 students. An equal number of 30 students were allocated to both the control and experimental groups. Specifically, the control group comprised 30 GAS students receiving instruction through the modular approach, while the experimental group consisted of 30 HUMSS students undergoing online English language instruction. A comparative analysis was conducted to ascertain differences between the pretest mean scores of students taught using modular versus online methods, differences between their posttest mean scores under these approaches, and discrepancies between their pretest and posttest mean scores across both approaches. Results revealed that modular and online approaches to teaching English were both effective to the students considering that no significant difference was shown in their pretest mean scores. However, the students were more comfortable with online learning since there was a significant difference in the post-test mean scores when taught using modular and online learning.
Authentic Assessment of Modular Distance Learning: Basis for Instructional Materials Development in Agriculture
Authors: Morados Alexander
Published: June 2024

Assessment can be viewed as a way to measure the process, the progress, and the product of learning. However, it is a complex concept within the teaching-learning process especially if it is implemented with the absence of face-to-face instruction. As observed, faculty members who are implementing modular distance learning (MDL) modality are confronted with the challenges of proper utilization of authentic assessment tools in Agriculture. Hence, this study sought the utilization of authentic assessment in Agriculture by Faculty members of state colleges in Northern Mindanao, Philippines in the academic year 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. This study employed a mixed-method research design to gather both quantitative and qualitative data from 139 participants who were given survey questionnaires in digital and print format. A focus group discussion (FGD) of 10 randomly selected participants was conducted virtually to find similarities in the participants’ opinions. Results revealed that the faculty members had positive perceptions of authentic assessment. However, most of them faced several challenges in the process of utilizing the assessment tools in terms of preparation, delivery, and evaluation. These challenges were used as a basis for the formulation of a handbook of authentic assessment.
Understanding How Senior High School Students Choose a College Degree Program: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Del Rosario Ralph Andrei , Cruz Adeya Rafaella , Bartolome Chelsie Nicole , Manipon Novelyn , Dela Cruz Angelica Mei , Villarama Joseph
Published: June 2024

The college programs that SHS students choose influence their lives as young adults. It defines their future careers and significantly changes the course of their lives. With this in mind, many factors influence the decision-making process of incoming first-years. With the implementation of the K-12 Program in the Philippines, costs needed for education have further soared. Apart from this, parental and familial relationships could also influence most students’ education, as they serve as children’s pillars of support, meaning parents, finance, and many other elusive factors could potentially inhibit SHS students’ choices when entering college. Therefore, to provide even more insight into the career decision-making process of incoming college students, it is necessary to solidify an understanding of how exactly different factors affect graduating STEM students’ choices. To explore this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five participants using ten (10) general, parent-related, and finance-related questions. The thematic analysis was used to find the results. It had been divided into six (6) themes: parental and familial factors, financial factors, environmental factors, capabilities and interests, perspectives on the STEM strand, and confidence/belief in choosing the right field. The results highlighted that familial and financial influence were the most prevalent factors. Students’ environment, skills, and preferences also played a significant role. Additionally, the interviewees’ positive views on STEM and their confidence that they have thoroughly analyzed all other factors have also played a role in their college program decision-making process.
Reformasi Ayu Utami:
Authors: Steenbrink Karel
Published: June 2024

Dalam delapan novelnya, penulis Jawa Ayu Utami (lahir 1968) telah menyampaikan serangan kritis terhadap doktrin dan praktik agama-agama besar di Indonesia. Dua buku yang menggambarkan perjuangan spiritual pendeta Katolik Saman (1998-2002) menyerukan agar agama lebih aktif di arena politik, tetapi menyerahkan aturan seksual kepada masing-masing individu. Novel Bilangan Fu (2008) mengutuk monopoli agama-agama besar yang mendukung spiritualitas lokal dan individu. Ini dikembangkan dalam serangkaian novel yang dua di antaranya telah terbit. Siklus ketiga yang terdiri dari tiga novel yang kurang lebih bersifat autobiografi (2003-2013) menggambarkan perjalanan pribadinya dari ateisme menuju spiritualitas yang kritis namun positif, yang mengutuk kecenderungan klerikal dan monopoli dalam agama Katolik. Kritik Utami terhadap agama-agama besar bersifat eksternal (lebih banyak pemain di lapangan yang harus diakui) dan internal (para pemimpin agama harus memiliki klaim yang lebih rendah hati terhadap umatnya dan memberikan lebih banyak ruang untuk pilihan pribadi).
Gereja Katolik dan Dialog Antaragama Di Indonesia Sejak Konsili Vatikan II
Authors: Baene Blasius B.
Published: June 2024

Dialog antaragama dalam konteks Indonesia sebenarnya merupakan salah satu isu krusial bagi Gereja. Paradigma baru melakukan misi di dunia saat ini telah dipromosikan sejak Konsili Vatikan II (1962-1965) dan seterusnya untuk kemajuan hidup bersama di dunia bersama ini dan untuk kebaikan umat manusia. Gereja Katolik Indonesia terpanggil untuk menjadikan dialog antaragama sebagai nada utama dan metode misinya dan dalam melakukannya bekerja sama dengan orang-orang dari agama lain untuk masyarakat yang adil dan damai. Gereja Indonesia menjalankan karakter misioner ini dari banyak dokumen gerejawi, mulai dari Konsili Vatikan II hingga Kepausan Paulus VI dan Yohanes Paulus II.Penulis mencoba menawarkan analisisnya dengan maksud utama untuk mendukung dialog misi yang telah dilakukan Gereja. dibuat dalam masyarakat multikultural Indonesia.
Gereja Bagi Dunia
Authors: Sudhiarsa Raymundus I Made
Published: June 2024

This article argues that the Second Vatican Council has recognised the missionary nature of the entire Church (AG, 2). Carrying out the mission means that the Church (clergy as well as lay people) is enthusiatically responding signs of the times in close collaboration with peoples of good will. Time and again, following the decree of Ad Gentes, the Catholic Church expresses its missionary identity in renewed ways in its mission documents. The present article starts with Ad Gentes (The Church’s missionary activity, 1965) and goes through Evangelii Nuntiandi (Evangelization in the modern world, 1975), Redemptoris Missio (The permanent validity of the Church’s missionary mandate, 1990), and Evangelii Gaudium (The proclamation of the gospel in today’s world, 2013). The Church has been moving out from the position of ‘maintenance’ to ‘mission’, as Pope Francis formulates in this words: “The word of God constantly shows us how God challenges those who believe in him ‘to go forth’” (EG, 20). Accordingly every Christian is expected to ‘go forth’ due to his/her baptism, because the Church itself is ‘a community of missionary disciples’ (EG, 24.40.120).
Hamoraon, Hagabeoan, Hasangapon
Authors: Simamora Chandra S. , Marbun Kembarto , Simanjorang Sixtus Sandro
Published: June 2024

The article tries to argue the so-called three philosophical values of life ofthe Toba people (Batak Toba people) of North Sumatra. These three philosophicaldimensions, namely hamoraon (wealth), hagabeon (discendant) andhasangapon (honour), are regarded powerfully determine the people’s character.Throughout their life, the people are strongly influenced by as well asdirected their own life to achieve the three fundamental values. The writers,however, are convinced that a superficial understanding upon this philosophyof life could unfortunately bring the people of Batak Toba to an idea thattheir very life is simply chasing honour, power, and wealth.
Tentang Kemarahan Manusia
Authors: Uskono Yeremias
Published: June 2024

Anger inhabits every human being. There is no peace in anger. Anger tends to violence. And every outrage has a certain reason. There is a cause and effect in every rage. Angry people have basic. Anger is surely a failure in using correctly the rational and moral agent. It is not in harmony with the ideals of human life (Stoa) about “life must be in conformity with nature”. A consistent, harmonious, virtuous, and happy life should be the full expression in the development of human life; and it will be marked by action which makes sense when judged by the standards of nature. Anger could happen due to passions which come after an experience. Other words for passion are phobos (fear), epithumia (passion) and lupe (pain or wound). Passions cannot occur unless the moral agent gives ways to the idea that a particular action is reasonable. Anger is not in harmony with nature, because it is an intellectual error in interpreting the values. This paper wants to explain what anger is and how its process goes on. The writer tries to contribute in promoting the development of people towards their perfection.
Moralitas Perang
Authors: Bhakti Angga Satya
Published: June 2024

The current article intends to discuss that human being sees war as inevitable reality in life. When human being wants to survive, he/she will fight for his/ her life. Sometimes, war is considered to be the final way to survive. People make war as factual reality, but do they really want to fight in war? On the progress, people constitute rule of war or war ethics. A true rule is an embodiment of hope to prevent worse damages caused by war. Love is the prior value in living a humane life. Human being expects more love. Humankind have made many deals to avoid war as far as possible. War is not necessary if there is another stronger value to influence people’s life.
Keluarga Kristiani di Sumba dalam Himpitan Tradisi
Authors: Panda Herman P.
Published: June 2024

he obstructions to the families’ welfare in Sumba are the local tradition of dowry in marriage affair and other traditional parties which cause the economical burdens of the families. Christian families are also still impeded by such traditions. Actually, the customs of dowry and traditional parties have been so modified and even manipulated as such in the course of history, so that they become obstacle to the families’ welfare. Therefore, it is necessary to turn back to the substance of the local custom by omitting these deviations. By doing so, one can determine which is the real local wisdom that has to be maintained.
Peranan Doa Syafaat Bagi Karya Misi dan Evangelisasi Gereja
Authors: Bala Kristoforus
Published: June 2024

The Church, by its very nature, is missionary. The Church is called and sent out by the Most Holy Triune God to proclaim the Good News to all peoples. Evangelization and missionary activities of the early Church were deeply rootedand supported by fervent and constant intercessory prayers of the entire Church. Intercessory prayer was also an integral part of missionary and evangelical activities of Jesus and all his apostles. However, in the modern era, the zeal for evangelization and the spirit of mission of the Church and its missionaries, for some reasons, have been increasingly diminished.The main cause of the problems in mission and evangelization is that there is no committedprayer life.The absence of payer life, in its turn, has caused spiritual dryness, fruitless missionary activities and lack of missionary zeal. Therefore, it is an urgent call for the whole Church and its missionaries to go back to spiritual source, i.e., to take prayer life seriously. All Christians are called to actively and constantly offer intercessory prayers forChurch’s missionary activities and evangelical endeavors. This article describes the meaning of intercessory prayer, characteristics or virtues of a good intercessor, theological foundations of intercessory prayer, intercessors and intercessory prayersboth in the OT and the NT. It will also describe the significance of intercessory prayer in the life of St. Arnold Janssen, the founder of three missionary congregations and some contributions of Catholic Charismatic movement to the life of the Church, especially concerning the increasing awareness of the importance of intercessory prayer and spirit of evangelismin the life of the faithful. And in the last part, it will describe the importance and the urgency of intercessory prayer for mission and evangelization in the eyes of some great Popes.
Spiritualitas Kenosis
Authors: Purnomo Wimbodo
Published: June 2024

Modernity is like a double-edged sword; it produces positive and negative poles. The positive pole of modernity is accepted, but the negative pole brings more worries to humanity. One of some negative effects of modernity is the culture of narcissism. It attacks the ultimate principles in human’s life; therefore we can say that personal, cultural, and spiritual problems are narcissistic problems. The writer argues that narcissism has become epidemic which has beem slowly infecting people accross the globe. It has threatened humanity. Thus, science, ethics, philosophy and, even, theology cannot just stay quietly in their comfort zones. Humanity has to be saved and that path of salvation has to be placed in the most personal point. That is the ‘self’. To save humanity means to return to the Most Divine as the “True Self”. It indicates the fusion between the Most Divine and I. It is expected from the fusion that human will have the paradigm of the Most Divine, including in emptying the self.
Memandang Eksistensi Pasukan Merah Dayak dalam Terang Iman Katolik
Authors: Nyaming Fransiskus Gregorius
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini menaruh perhatian pada eksistensi dan aktivitas Pasukan Merah Tariu Borneo Bangkule Rajakng (TBBR). Dengan komitmen-komitmennya: mempersatukan masyarakat Dayak, merawat alam, melestarikan adat dan budaya Dayak, membela dan memperjuangkan martabat sesama orang Dayak yang kerap tertindas oleh ketidakadilan, telah menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi kaum muda Dayak untuk turut bergabung. Komitmen-komitmen itu tentu saja patut mendapat apresiasi yang tinggi. Meskipun demikian, kajian dari perspektif iman Katolik terhadap eksistensi dan aktivitas mereka dirasa perlu untuk dilakukan. Alasan mendasarnya berlandas pada fakta empiris yakni bahwa, Pangalangok Jilah, Sang Panglima, dan sebagian besar anggota pasukan masih memeluk iman Katolik. Penelitian ini meyakini kalau solidaritas dan bela rasa Pasukan Merah TBBR pastilah juga dilandasai oleh nilai-nilai dan ajaran Kristiani. Melalui studi literatur terutama ajaran Magisterium dan dokumen-dokumen Gereja serta beberapa sumber penunjang, penelitian ini tidak memokuskan dirinya hanya pada memberi masukan dan catatan kritis. Sejak apa yang menjadi komitmen Pasukan Merah TBBR juga menjadi bagian dari komitmen Gereja, penelitian ini juga menawarkan sikap seperti apa yang mesti diambil oleh Gereja lokal berhadapan dengan Ormas Dayak ini.
Agama sebagai Religiositas Masyarakat dalam Dunia Kehidupan Modern
Authors: Zandro Agrindo
Published: June 2024

Studi ini membahas tentang penghayatan religiositas agama dalam masyarakat modern dan bagaimana agama sebagai religiositas masyarakat berperan dalam dunia kehidupan modern. Jürgen Habermas berpendapat bahwa agama merupakan faktum sosial yang tidak pernah lenyap dari peradaban manusia sekalipun dunia telah mengalami berbagai perubahan peradaban modern yang sekuler. Orang masih rajin berdoa dan melaksanakan berbagai ajaran dari agama. Namun dewasa ini, agama dipertanyakan keberadaannya sebab tidak memiliki sumbangsih yang berarti bagi dunia. Untuk itu, studi ini akan menggali agama sebagai religiositas sehingga dapat ditemukan sumbangsih bagi dunia kehidupan universal. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menerapkan studi kepustakaan. Objek kajian studi ini dianalisis secara kolaburatif; menganalisis agama dari sudut pandang antropologi dan dikolaburasikan dengan pandangan filosofis dari Jürgen Habermas tentang agama. Dengan menerapkan studi kolaburatif, studi ini menemukan bahwa agama sebagai religiositas memiliki kapasitas fungsional dan substansial untuk memulihkan kehidupan di tengah arus modernitas yang kehilangan orientasi kemanusiaan. Sumbangan studi ini adalah beberapa prinsip yang harus diperhatikan dalam agama sebagai orientasi dalam laju perkembangan dunia yang semakin modern.
The discourse strategy of irrationalizing the perception of an English-language opinion article
Authors: Iurkovskaia Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: June 2024

The subject of the study is the discourse strategy of irrationalizing the perception of an English-language opinion article. It was suggested that the leading intention of the author is an attempt to influence the readers' opinions and behaviour, which contradicts the conventionally recognized purpose of this media genre to express the author's opinion. The author’s strategic goal is to select the most effective linguistic means to convince the reader of the need to make a certain decision or perform an action that activates predominantly irrational forms of human thinking. The effectiveness of this strategy depends on the fact that the reader does not realize the author's manipulative intentions. The task of a linguist is to explain this to the readers, thereby developing their critical thinking skills. The study is based on the theory of Critical Discourse Analysis, aimed at identifying and “exposing” manipulative discourse strategies. A discourse strategy means generating discourse as an interconnected sequence of speech acts gradually implementing the discourse producer's intention. The analysis of speech acts forming the opinion article discourse was carried out using the method of calculating speech acts by J. Searle. An attempt has been made to demonstrate the pseudo-assertive and indirectly directive nature of the opinion article. The most effective way to achieve the desired effect is to strategically irrationalize the perception of the article by disguising its directive macro-proposition under an assertive statement and repeating it to create a “no-alternatives opinion” feeling, as well as selecting certain linguistic means actualizing irrational forms of human thinking such as figurative, stereotypical, associative.
Comparing words with the meaning of "taste" in an emotional image-scheme in Russian, Chinese and English
Authors: Jia Junwen
Published: June 2024

In Russian, Chinese and English, there is a variety of vocabulary related to taste sensations, which often has a deep figurative meaning. The subject of this study is precisely such a taste vocabulary in the mentioned languages. The object of the research is cognitive metaphors of key taste words, which are used in creating emotional images-schemes. The aim of the study is to study and compare the similarities and differences in the use of cognitive metaphors for the most important taste words in emotional images—schemes typical of Russian, Chinese and English languages. The main task of the study is to analyze the ways of metaphorical representation of taste vocabulary in these emotional images-schemes and identify the unique features of each language in the context of this topic.  The research methods are comparative analysis and the corpus method, which allows you to analyze the use of language in large text collections. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a methodology for the analysis of emotional images-schemes associated with taste words. The study shows that in Russian, Chinese and English there is a high degree of similarity in cognitive schemas for the taste words "sour" and "sweet", which most often have a similar emotional image-scheme and are located at opposite ends of the image-scheme "LINE". However, there are differences in the words "bitter" and "acute": in English, both words usually have a negative meaning, in Russian "bitter" is mostly negatively colored, and "acute" can be both negative and positive. In Chinese, both the words "bitter" and "spicy" can have both positive and negative meanings. The metaphorical representation of taste words in an emotional image-scheme helps to make the metaphorical transfer of abstract taste words more concrete and visual, which makes it possible to better understand the differences and similarities in the translation of taste sensations in different languages.
Transposition of substantive word forms into the category of adverbs of a collection: steps, signs, limits
Authors: Shigurov Viktor Vasil'evich , Shigurova Tat'yana Alekseevna
Published: June 2024

The relevance of the study is due to the need for a comprehensive analysis of the process and result of the functional and functional-semantic transposition of linguistic units from nouns to the class of adverbs. The purpose of the work is to describe the stages and limits of transposition of instrumental case forms of nouns into the category of adverbs of compatibility/collection. The novelty of the approach lies in the use of the technique of oppositional analysis, which made it possible to establish that the degree of departure of different word forms and their groups from nouns and approach to adverbs is different. In certain contextual conditions, the same word form demonstrates, respectively, a core or peripheral noun, a hybrid and a peripheral non-substantive adverb. The indicated stages of the actual grammatical transposition of a word form into the category of adverbs with the semantics of a collection are found within the semantic zone of the original substantive lexeme. The limit of this type of transposition is the stage of peripheral adverbs, representing grammatical homonyms of the original forms of the instrumental case of nouns. It has been revealed that cases of word forms going beyond the semantic zone of the original lexeme during adverbialization are rare. Most often, with functional-semantic adverbialization, metaphorization of the adverbialized noun is observed, creating a favorable basis for its semantic separation from the original lexeme. Groups of nouns have been identified that demonstrate, in typical contexts, different numbers of stages of transposition into adverbs of compatibility. Each stage of adverbialization is determined by the syntactic conditions of speech – the syntagmatic environment of the word form, its functional load. In the zones of the periphery and core of adverbs, proper morphological changes in the structure of linguistic units are recorded.
The Role of Point-of-care Glucose Monitoring Devices in Initiating Treatment for Neonatal Hypoglycaemia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shamsudeen Amina , Madathil Roseline K , Mathew Kunjumol P , Diwakar Krishna K
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Detection and prompt management of hypoglycaemia among at-risk and symptomatic neonates is crucial to prevent neurodevelopmental morbidity. Laboratory- based Formal Random Blood Sugar (FRBS) is the gold standard for estimating Blood Glucose (BG) levels. Point-of-care Glucose Monitoring Devices (POCGMD)/glucometers that provide immediate results are used as surrogates. Glucometers provide widely variable and overestimated values of BG. Therefore, when using glucometers, a higher cut-off value for glucose may have to be considered as the operational threshold for hypoglycaemia. Aim: To evaluate the adequacy of POCGMD for detecting the threshold levels for treating neonatal hypoglycaemia by assessing the agreement with FRBS values. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kerala, India, from July 2022 to October 2022. A total of 258 infants at risk for and with hypoglycaemia were selected through convenience sampling. BG was estimated simultaneously in the laboratory and with a POCGMD. Three different types of POCGMDs were consecutively used in the unit during the study period. FRBS and POCGMD values were evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The agreement between the gold standard FRBS and POCGMD values was ascertained through Bland-Altman plots. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves identified the higher cut-off levels for each of the brands of POCGMDs at which intervention for hypoglycaemia should be initiated. Results: The present study showed a strong positive correlation between the standard laboratory FRBS and POCGMD measurements. However, there was no agreement between FRBS and POCGMD values according to Bland-Altman graphs. The mean bias values for BG were higher for glucometers. The ROC curves identified 62 mg/dL for Accu-Check, 59 mg/ dL for Contour, and 53 mg/dL for AccuSure as the optimum cut-off corresponding to the operational threshold of FRBS of 45 mg/dL. Conclusion: Glucometers overestimate BG values and miss the biochemical thresholds for treating neonatal hypoglycaemia. When POCGMDs are used, a higher cut-off value may have to be considered as the operational threshold for initiating treatment for hypoglycaemia.
A Sporadic Case of Late-onset Vulvar Steatocystoma Multiplex
Authors: Ganjre Samyak , Madke Bhushan , Bhatt Drishti , Jangid Shivani , Gupta Shreya
Published: June 2024

Steatocystoma multiplex is a benign disorder involving the pilosebaceous unit, characterised by the presence of numerous cutaneous cystic lesions in the dermis. While cases with random occurrence are commonly observed, the condition can also be transmitted genetically in an autosomal dominant fashion. The lesions are frequently seen in body parts with a high number of pilosebaceous units including the axillae, scalp, trunk, thighs, arms, and less frequently occurring on the genitals and breasts. Hereby, the authors present a case report of a 48-year-old female who presented to the Outpatient Department of Dermatology with multiple asymptomatic swellings on her vulva since nine years. On physical examination, the swellings were noted to be calcified nodules. These nodules were excised and sent for histopathological analysis that revealed the diagnosis of steatocystoma multiplex. Steatocystoma multiplex can occur as sporadic, familial, or as a part of a syndrome. Although the lesions themselves are symptomless, their presence in the genital region makes walking difficult, thereby hampering routine work and adversely affecting the quality of life of the patient. There is also a need to educate patients regarding its benign nature and possible treatment options. Hence, the present case report aimed to emphasise the importance of its early identification, diagnosis, and to raise awareness among general practitioners.
Retrievability of Bioceramic Sealers Assessed using Micro-computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy: A Literature Review
Authors: Alnassar Faisal
Published: June 2024

Endodontic retreatment is a procedure to remove root canal filling material from the tooth, followed by cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the canals. Treatment outcomes may be influenced by incomplete removal of filling materials. The present literature review aimed to identify the techniques and materials used to remove Bioceramic Sealers (BCS) from the root canal system using Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases using applicable keywords such as ‘‘BCS’’ and ‘‘calcium silicate-based sealer’’ and ‘‘retreatment’’ and ‘‘retreatability’’ and ‘‘micro-CT’’ and ‘‘SEM’’ identified studies on techniques and materials used to remove BCSs from the root canal system, as assessed by micro-CT and SEM. A total of 46 studies were included in the review. Of these, 32 studies used Nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments, 11 used reciprocating systems, and three compared continuous nickel-titanium rotary and reciprocating systems with rotary systems and reciprocation in removing filling materials. Apical patency and Working Length (WL) could be achieved in a canal obturated with gutta-percha and a BCS. The review revealed that removing filling materials using various instrumentation protocols can be successful but incomplete. Both rotary and reciprocating systems can efficiently remove root-filling material. Using supplemental techniques can improve the cleanliness of the root canal during retreatment. Solvents require less time to reach the WL and achieve patency; however, they leave a larger amount of residual root canal-filling material than non solvents. Additionally, the formation of dentinal microcracks remains controversial during the non surgical retreatment of canals filled using BCSs.