bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Status and Trends of Urban Beekeeping Regulations: A Global Review
Authors: Matsuzawa Tomonori , Kohsaka Ryo
Published: November 2021

Urban beekeeping is gaining salience worldwide. Though beekeeping brings benefits to humanity, it has certain negative aspects. We conducted surveys in eight countries where urban beekeeping is practiced to understand the status of the governance of urban beekeeping. There were a wide variety of rules, ranging from detailed ones to the absence of any. The organizations creating regulations included regional governments, basic governments, and even NGOs. Regulatory items for urban beekeeping were biased toward safety, with few regulations of the other aspects, such as biodiversity conservation and apicultural production. We found a wide range of numerical provisions for this regulation type, with no scientific basis provided, and there is further need for improvements.
Fostering the Development of Professionalism in Veterinary Students: Challenges and Implications for Veterinary Professionalism Curricula
Authors: Gordon Stuart , Gardner Dianne , Weston Jenny , Bolwell Charlotte , Benschop Jackie , Parkinson Tim
Published: November 2021

The importance of professional skills teaching and assessment within veterinary education has recently been highlighted in the veterinary education literature. This academic discourse follows the acknowledgement by both veterinary employers and graduates themselves that new graduates often lack the professional skills and attitudes needed for success in clinical veterinary practice. Traditionally, veterinary curricula have focused solely on teaching content knowledge and clinical skills; however, veterinary education curricula clearly must also contain dedicated instruction in veterinary professionalism. This must include instruction in communication skills, emotional intelligence, cultural awareness, teamwork abilities, dispute resolution strategies and the awareness that multiple approaches may be required to resolve challenges. It has become unrealistic to expect students to rely on observation and role modelling to foster the development of professionalism. There is a need to incorporate explicit learning activities that reinforce the knowledge, attitudes, values, and behaviours that characterise veterinary professionalism. While role modelling remains a key aspect of the veterinary professionalism learning that takes place through the informal/hidden curriculum, many students have often had more experiences with negative role models than with positive ones. This can lead to the development of a tolerance or normalisation of negative behaviours and a decline in students’ perceptions of professionalism. This article aims to continue recent conversations on professional skills teaching within veterinary education, define what is meant by veterinary professionalism and consider the plethora of terminology used when trying to establish a definition, highlight those attributes of veterinary professionalism deemed important by veterinary stakeholders for career success and employability, and explore the challenges of incorporating the teaching and assessment of professional traits into veterinary education.
Numerical Bifurcation Analysis of a Film Flowing over a Patterned Surface through Enhanced Lubrication Theory
Authors: Suzzi Nicola , Croce Giulio
Published: November 2021

The bifurcation analysis of a film falling down an hybrid surface is conducted via the numerical solution of the governing lubrication equation. Instability phenomena, that lead to film breakage and growth of fingers, are induced by multiple contamination spots. Contact angles up to 75∘ are investigated due to the full implementation of the free surface curvature, which replaces the small slope approximation, accurate for film slope lower than 30∘. The dynamic contact angle is first verified with the Hoffman–Voinov–Tanner law in case of a stable film down an inclined plate with uniform surface wettability. Then, contamination spots, characterized by an increased value of the static contact angle, are considered in order to induce film instability and several parametric computations are run, with different film patterns observed. The effects of the flow characteristics and of the hybrid pattern geometry are investigated and the corresponding bifurcation diagram with the number of observed rivulets is built. The long term evolution of induced film instabilities shows a complex behavior: different flow regimes can be observed at the same flow characteristics under slightly different hybrid configurations. This suggest the possibility of controlling the rivulet/film transition via a proper design of the surfaces, thus opening the way for relevant practical application.
A New Three-Step Root-Finding Numerical Method and Its Fractal Global Behavior
Authors: Tassaddiq Asifa , Qureshi Sania , Soomro Amanullah , Hincal Evren , Baleanu Dumitru , Shaikh Asif Ali
Published: November 2021

There is an increasing demand for numerical methods to obtain accurate approximate solutions for nonlinear models based upon polynomials and transcendental equations under both single and multivariate variables. Keeping in mind the high demand within the scientific literature, we attempt to devise a new nonlinear three-step method with tenth-order convergence while using six functional evaluations (three functions and three first-order derivatives) per iteration. The method has an efficiency index of about 1.4678, which is higher than most optimal methods. Convergence analysis for single and systems of nonlinear equations is also carried out. The same is verified with the approximated computational order of convergence in the absence of an exact solution. To observe the global fractal behavior of the proposed method, different types of complex functions are considered under basins of attraction. When compared with various well-known methods, it is observed that the proposed method achieves prespecified tolerance in the minimum number of iterations while assuming different initial guesses. Nonlinear models include those employed in science and engineering, including chemical, electrical, biochemical, geometrical, and meteorological models.
A Multiwavelength Dynamical State Analysis of ACT-CL J0019.6+0336
Authors: Pillay Denisha S. , Turner David J. , Hilton Matt , Knowles Kenda , Kesebonye Kabelo C. , Moodley Kavilan , Mroczkowski Tony , Oozeer Nadeem , Pfrommer Christoph , Sikhosana Sinenhlanhla P. , Wollack Edward J.
Published: November 2021

In our study, we show a multiwavelength view of ACT-CL J0019.6+0336 (which hosts a radio halo), to investigate the cluster dynamics, morphology, and ICM. We use a combination of XMM-Newton images, Dark Energy Survey (DES) imaging and photometry, SDSS spectroscopic information, and 1.16 GHz MeerKAT data to study the cluster properties. Various X-ray and optical morphology parameters are calculated to investigate the level of disturbance. We find disturbances in two X-ray parameters and the optical density map shows elongated and axisymmetric structures with the main cluster component southeast of the cluster centre and another component northwest of the cluster centre. We also find a BCG offset of ∼950 km/s from the mean velocity of the cluster, and a discrepancy between the SZ mass, X-ray mass, and dynamical mass (MX,500 and MSZ,500 lies >3σ away from Mdyn,500), showing that J0019 is a merging cluster and probably in a post-merging phase.
Probing Gamma-Ray Burst VHE Emission with the Southern Wide-Field-of-View Gamma-Ray Observatory
Authors: La Mura Giovanni , Barres de Almeida Ulisses , Conceição Ruben , De Angelis Alessandro , Longo Francesco , Pimenta Mário , Tomé Bernardo , Miceli Davide
Published: November 2021

Recent observations have confirmed that Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows produce Very High-Energy radiation (VHE, E>100GeV). This highly anticipated discovery opens new scenarios in the interpretation of GRBs and in their role as probes of Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) and Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV). However, some fundamental questions about the actual nature of VHE emission in GRBs and its evolution during the burst are still unsolved. These questions will be difficult to address, even with future imaging Cherenkov telescopes, such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). Here we investigate the prospects of gamma-ray sky monitoring with Extensive Air Showers arrays (EAS) to address these problems. We discuss the theoretical aspects connected with VHE radiation emission and the implications that its temporal evolution properties have on the interpretation of GRBs. By revisiting the high-energy properties of some Fermi-LAT detected GRBs, we estimate the typical fluxes expected in the VHE band and compare them with a range of foreseeable instrument performances, based on the Southern Wide Field-of-view Gamma-ray Observatory concept (SWGO). We focus our analysis on how different instrument capabilities affect the chances to explore the burst onset and early evolution in VHE, providing invaluable complementary information with respect to Cherenkov telescope observations. We show that under the assumption of conditions already observed in historical events, the next-generation ground monitoring detectors can actually contribute to answer several key questions.
The Effect of Trait Mindfulness on Teachers’ Emotional Exhaustion: The Chain Mediating Role of Psychological Capital and Job Engagement
Authors: Bi Yufang , Ye Xindong
Published: November 2021

Emotional exhaustion has become an important occupational health problem faced by teachers, and it has seriously affected their mental health. It is necessary to pay attention to the factors that affect emotional exhaustion. In this study, 815 frontline university faculty were selected as subjects to explore the relationship between trait mindfulness and emotional exhaustion and the role of psychological capital and work engagement in this relation, using the trait mindfulness, psychological capital, work engagement, and emotional exhaustion scales. It was found that trait mindfulness and emotional exhaustion are negatively correlated; the mediating role of psychological capital between trait mindfulness and emotional exhaustion is not significant; the mediating role of work engagement between trait mindfulness and emotional exhaustion is significant; the chain mediation effect of psychological capital and work engagement between trait mindfulness and emotional exhaustion are significant.
Investigation on the Failure Mechanism of Rainfall-Induced Long-Runout Landslide at Upputhode, Kerala State of India
Authors: Andrewwinner Rajkumar , Chandrasekaran Sembulichampalayam Sennimalai
Published: November 2021

The main objective of the study is to estimate the shear resistance mobilized on the slope surface under large deformation and to identify the failure mechanism of the landslide through the simulation model. The field investigations were carried out using Geophysical tests, and the laboratory tests were conducted to identify the engineering properties of the soil with weathering characteristics of the parent rock. The residual shear strength parameters from Torsional ring shear tests were used in LS-RAPID numerical simulation software to study the mechanism of the landslide. The critical pore water pressure ratio (ru = 0.32) required for the initiation of a landslide was obtained. The increase in pore water pressure reduces the soil matric suction and thereby results in the reduction of the shear strength of the soil. The progressive failure mechanism and the three landslide processes (initiation, run out and deposition) are investigated. The velocity of the moving landslide mass in the role of demolishing the building is studied and helps in finding suitable remedial measures for the nearby building. The empirical rainfall threshold based on the antecedent rainfall was developed and revealed that either a high daily rainfall intensity of 142 mm without any antecedent rainfall, or an antecedent rainfall of 151 mm for a cumulative period of 5 days with even continuous normal rainfall can initiate landslide.
Multi-Domain Informative Coverage Path Planning for a Hybrid Aerial Underwater Vehicle in Dynamic Environments
Authors: Liang Xueyao , Liu Chunhu , Zeng Zheng
Published: November 2021

Hybrid aerial underwater vehicles (HAUV) are a new frontier for vehicles. They can operate both underwater and aerially, providing enormous potential for a wide range of scientific explorations. Informative path planning is essential to vehicle autonomy. However, covering an entire mission region is a challenge to HAUVs because of the possibility of a multidomain environment. This paper presents an informative trajectory planning framework for planning paths and generating trajectories for HAUVs performing multidomain missions in dynamic environments. We introduce the novel heuristic generalized extensive neighborhood search GLNS–k-means algorithm that uses k-means to cluster information into several sets; then through the heuristic GLNS algorithm, it searches the best path for visiting these points, subject to various constraints regarding path budgets and the motion capabilities of the HAUV. With this approach, the HAUV is capable of sampling and focusing on regions of interest. Our method provides a significantly more optimal trajectory (enabling collection of more information) than ant colony optimization (ACO) solutions. Moreover, we introduce an efficient online replanning scheme to adapt the trajectory according to the dynamic obstacles during the mission. The proposed replanning scheme based on KD tree enables significantly shorter computational times than the scapegoat tree methods.
On the Quantum Mechanical Description of the Interaction between Particle and Detector
Authors: Wick Klaus
Published: November 2021

Quantum measurements of physical quantities are often described as ideal measurements. However, only a few measurements fulfil the conditions of ideal measurements. The aim of the present work is to describe real position measurements with detectors that are able to detect single particles. For this purpose, a detector model is developed that can describe the time dependence of the interaction between a non-relativistic particle and a detector. The example of a position measurement shows that this interaction can be described with the methods of quantum mechanics. At the beginning of a position measurement, the detector behaves as a target consisting of a large number of quantum mechanical systems. In the first reaction, the incident particle interacts with a single atom, electron or nucleus, but not with the whole detector. This reaction and all following reactions are quantum mechanical processes. At the end of the measurement, the detector can be considered as a classical apparatus. A detector is neither a quantum mechanical system nor a classical apparatus. The detector model explains why one obtains a well-defined result for each individual position measurement. It further explains that, in general, it is impossible to predict the outcome of an individual measurement.
Experimental and Discrete Element Model Investigation of Limestone Aggregate Blending Process in Vertical Static and/or Conveyor Mixer for Application in the Concrete Mixture
Authors: Pezo Lato L. , Pezo Milada , Terzić Anja , Jovanović Aca P. , Lončar Biljana , Govedarica Dragan , Kojić Predrag
Published: November 2021

The numerical model of the granular flow within an aggregate mixture, conducted in the vertical static and/or the conveyor blender, was explored using the discrete element method (DEM) approach. The blending quality of limestone fine aggregate fractions binary mixture for application in self-compacting concrete was studied. The potential of augmenting the conveyor mixer working efficiency by joining its operation to a Komax-type vertical static mixer, to increase the blending conduct was investigated. In addition the impact of the feed height on the flow field in the cone-shaped conveyor mixer was examined using the DEM simulation. Applying the numerical approach enabled a deeper insight into the quality of blending actions, while the relative standard deviation criteria ranked the uniformity of the mixture. The primary objective of this investigation was to examine the behavior of mixture for two types of blenders and to estimate the combined blending action of these two mixers, to explore the potential to augment the homogeneity of the aggregate fractions binary mixture, i.e., mixing quality, reduce the blending time and to abbreviate the energy-consuming.
Comparative Extraction of Aluminum Group Metals Using Acetic Acid Derivatives with Three Different-Sized Frameworks for Coordination
Authors: Ohto Keisuke , Fuchiwaki Nako , Furugou Hiroaki , Morisada Shintaro , Kawakita Hidetaka , Wenzel Marco , Weigand Jan J.
Published: November 2021

We prepared acetic acid derivatives using three different frameworks, calix[4]arene, alkenyltrimethylol, and trihydroxytriphenylmethane, which differ in the number and size of their coordination sites. We further investigated the extraction properties for aluminum group metal ions. All three extraction reagents exhibited increased extraction compared with the corresponding monomeric compounds, owing to structural effects. The extraction reaction and extraction equilibrium constants were determined using a slope analysis. Their extraction abilities, separation efficiencies, and potential coordination modes are discussed using the extraction equilibrium constants, half-pH values, and spectroscopic data. The calix[4]arene and trihydroxytriphenylmethane derivatives demonstrated allosteric co-extraction of indium ions (In3+) with an unexpected stoichiometry of 1:2.
Relationships between Coerced Sexting and Differentiation of Self: An Exploration of Protective Factors
Authors: Laird Jessica , Klettke Bianca , Clancy Elizabeth , Fuelscher Ian
Published: November 2021

Pressure to send sexually explicit messages, or ‘sexting coercion’ is associated with adverse mental health outcomes and sexual risk behaviors. This study explores Differentiation of Self (DoS) as a potential protective factor to reduce susceptibility to sexting coercion. A convenience sample of 399 Australian participants, aged 18 to 21 years (Mage = 19.63; SD = 1.14, 68.2% women) completed an online survey measuring sexting behaviors and DoS. Women were four times more likely to send willing unwanted sexts, and seven times more likely to engage in coerced unwanted sexting than men. Participants with low DoS were four times more likely to engage in coerced unwanted sexting. DoS significantly mediated the relationship between gender and coerced unwanted sexting. Results support the proposal of a sexting coercion typology encompassing discrete sub-types of sexting coercion. Results also indicate DoS may operate as a protective factor for young people in Australia, reducing compliance with sexting when coerced.
Omission of Planning CT Reduces Patient Radiation Exposure during CT-Guided Bone Marrow Biopsy and Aspiration
Authors: Devita Robert , Chagarlamudi Kaushik , Durieux Jared , Jordan David , Nguyen Brian , Davidson Jon , Kosaraju Vijaya , Abboud Salim
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of eliminating a preprocedural planning computed tomography during CT-guided bone marrow biopsy on the technical aspects of the procedure, including patient dose, sample quality, procedure time, and CT fluoroscopy usage. Retrospective analysis of 109 patients between 1 June 2018 and 1 January 2021 was performed. Patients were grouped based on whether they received a planning CT scan. Relative radiation exposure was measured using dose-length product (DLP). Secondary metrics included number of CT fluoroscopic acquisitions until target localization, total number of CT fluoroscopic acquisitions, biopsy diagnostic yield, and procedure time. A total of 43 bone marrow biopsies with planning CT scans (Group 1) and 66 bone marrow biopsies without planning CT scans (Group 2) were performed. The average total DLP for Group 1 and Group 2 was 268.73 mGy*cm and 50.92 mGy*cm, respectively. The mean radiation dose reduction between the groups was 81% (p < 0.0001). Significantly more CT fluoroscopy acquisitions were needed for needle localization in Group 2 than Group 1 (p < 0.0001). Total number of CT fluoroscopy acquisitions was four for Group 1 and eight for Group 2 (p = 0.0002). There was no significant difference between the groups in procedure time or diagnostic yield. Patients without a planning CT scan received more fluoroscopic CT acquisitions but overall were exposed to significantly less radiation without an increase in procedure time.
Transformation of the regulatory and legal framework of labor debut of a medical university graduate
Authors: Vyatkina Nadezhda Yurevna
Published: November 2021

The regulatory and legal framework in the field of education includes multifaceted social relations that affect various areas of interaction within the medical education system. The history of the development of medical education in Russia goes back several centuries and largely determines modern approaches to its implementation. Within the framework of the implementation of the laws of the new era, the active formation and development of the medical education system is underway. At the same time, the transformation of the regulatory landscape of the medical specialist's activity indicates the state's interest in the development of the industry and the improvement of personnel policy in the healthcare sector.
On the formation of combined forms of salmonellosis caused by different plasmid types of Salmonella enterica
Authors: Nikitina Yulia N. , Rakov Alexey V. , Yakovlev Anatoly A.
Published: November 2021

In the modern period, combined infections occupy an increasingly large niche in the structure of infectious pathology. In studies on this problem, various scientists, both in our country and abroad, consider such forms of the disease, which are mainly formed as a result of interspecific interaction in the human body of bacteria, viruses, viruses and bacteria. However, there is practically no information in the literature about whether it is possible to form combined forms of infections between microorganisms of the same species, but carrying different genetic information. This paper presents an analysis of the results of more than 20 years of microbiological molecular genetic monitoring of the Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of the Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology for the circulation of Salmonella in the regions of the Far East and Siberia. Studies have shown that one patient may have co-infection with different plasmid types of Salmonella. However, the risk of such combinations is relatively small. There is a certain pattern between the level of prevalence of certain plasmid types of Salmonella in the region and their possible combination in one patient. In addition, it was found that variants of superinfection that occur when the patient is in the hospital, due to infection with other plasmid types of Salmonella or other serovars of S. enterica, are not excluded. At the same time, in the process of repeated examinations of the patient in the hospital, it was found that salmonella may lose certain plasmids or, on the contrary, it may have new variants. The reasons for this phenomenon remain unclear.
Identification of Coxiella burnetii molecular markers in ticks harboring at forest zones in Saint-Petersburg
Authors: Panferova Yuliya Aleksandrovna , Baimova Regina Ravilevna , Syuzyumova Elena Aleksandrovna , Lomonosova Valeriya Igorevna , Lunina Gelena Anatolievna , Tokarevich Nikolay Konstantinovich
Published: November 2021

The prevalence of Q fever agent, Coxiella burnetii in blood-sucking ixodid ticks in the forest zones of St-Petersburg was investigated. Molecular markers of pathogen were determined in approximately 5 % of vectors, which could suggest of infection foci subsistence close to megalopolis. Data on Coxiella infection rates of arthropod vectors across the North Eurasia were analyzed.
Epidemiological analysis of the main indicators of HIV infection in the Primorsky Region
Authors: Cherlanova Tatyana Stanislavovna , Tupikova Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Miroshnichenko Elena Ivanovna , Sklyar Lidiya Fedorovna , Kiku Pavel Fedorovich , Kalinin Andrey Veniaminovich , Varavina Elena Aleksandrovna , Beniova Svetlana Nikolaevna , Borovskaya Natalya Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2021

Currently, HIV infection continues to be one of the main socially significant problems in the field of human health. Despite all the efforts aimed at fighting the epidemic, the number of HIV-infected patients worldwide is growing every year. HIV infection is a disease that is not only a medical problem. Its distribution affects all spheres of society and affects everyone. HIV affects the most working-age population, affecting demographic indicators. Every year there are about 1000 cases of infection on the territory of the Primorsky Territory. The article presents an epidemiological analysis of the main indicators of HIV infection in the Primorsky Territory. The analyzed data are taken from the accounting and reporting forms of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2» Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases for the period 2016–2020. According to the results of the analysis, at the moment there is some stabilization of the situation with regard to HIV infection in the Primorsky Territory, since there are years without dynamics or with a decrease in the incidence rate. The number of administrative territories of the region has increased, where there was a decrease in the incidence rate relative to last year. An increase in the prevalence of HIV infection is recorded annually, while the rate of growth of the indicator is decreasing. The disease has spread beyond vulnerable groups of the population and is actively spreading in the general population. In recent years, there has been a steady tendency in the region to increase the coverage of the population with screening tests for HIV infection. Since 2015, there has been a downward trend in the detection of HIV-positive persons in the total mass of the surveyed in the territory of the region.
The role of metabolites in the interspecific interaction of bacteria (review)
Authors: Yunusova Irina O. , Yakovlev Anatoly A.
Published: November 2021

In the current period, scientists both in our country and abroad are actively studying the processes of interaction between microorganisms since an understanding of the mechanisms of communication and competition between them will contribute to the development of new strategies in the fight against infectious diseases. Nevertheless, although in recent years there has been a significant increase in the number of publications on the indicated problem, studies covering far from all possible variants of interactions between various microorganisms, are still at their initial stage, and are still less focused on the understanding of direct mechanisms of interaction. Of particular interest is the study of antagonistic relationships in which the development of some forms of microbes is inhibited by others through the antimicrobial substances they produce. Metabolites that display antimicrobial properties at low concentrations are one such substance. In the present work, the authors present a literature analysis indicating that between-population relationships, realized through metabolic products, are among the main factors that are aimed at the stability of microbial communities and management of their productivity and species composition, including mixed biofilms.
Problems of updating the cadaster of stationary anthrax-unfavorable points of the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation
Authors: Dugarzhapova Zorigma Fedorovna , Kravets Elena Vladimirovna , Ivacheva Mariya Aleksandrovna , Chesnokova Margarita Valentinovna , Balakhonov Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: November 2021

The results of updating the Cadastre of stationary anthrax-unfavorable points in the Russian Federation (2005) and the creation of databases for nine out of 11 subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District (in the Magadan Region and the Chukotka Autonomous District, anthrax was not officially registered) are presented, information on 1285 points has been updated, instead of 1089 previously recorded. For the period 1856–2008 according to official data and literary sources, 8346 heads of animals and 253 people fell ill in nine subjects. The largest share of sick animals (72.3 %) falls on the Republic of Buryatia, and people (45.1 %) — in the Zabaikalsky Territory. The years of manifestation of activity of 99.8 % of permanently unfavorable points for anthrax are known. Most of the new points were formed in 1890–1899 and 1930–1939. Anthrax on the territory of the Far Eastern Federal District was annually recorded from 1910 to 1989. The maximum epizootic activity was noted in the city of Blagoveshchensk in the Amur Region and in the village of Kyren in the Republic of Buryatia. Based on updated information on the former and renamed settlements in accordance with the territorial-administrative division of the country; specified locations of settlements, former collective and state farms, liquidated in the 90s of the twentieth century; data on years of activity, species and number of dead animals and sick people; Determination of the geographical coordinates of the SNP created a database of stationary anthrax-unfavorable points in six regions (Zabaikalsky, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Khabarovsk territories, Jewish Autonomous Okrug, Sakhalin and Amur regions.
Using the structural diversity of siderophore biosynthesis genes for intra-and interspecific differentiation of pathogenic yersinia
Authors: Kuznetsova Daria Aleksandrovna , Trukhachev Aleksey Leonidovich , Rykova Violetta Aleksandrovna , Podladchikova Olga Nikolaevna
Published: November 2021

The paper analyzes the siderophore biosynthesis genes that are located in the ysu and ynp loci of only Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis, have variable structure between different strains of both species and contain previously unknown variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). The purpose of the study was to assess the possibility of using these VNTR as genetic markers for intra-and interspecific differentiation of pathogenic Yersinia. Based on the novel VNTR-markers, three pairs of primers (ysu-interF/R, ilp1F/R и ilp2F/R) were designed and used for the in silico and in vitro PCR analysis of various Y.pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis strains. All studied Y. pestis strains of the main subspecies (ssp pestis), unlike the strains of non-main subspecies and Y. pseudotuberculosis, did not give amplicon with ilp1F/R primers, since the area between them contains an IS100 element. To identify the strains of the main subspecies, the fourth pair of primers ilp1F-is100R was designed, allowing the most dangerous ssp pestis strains to be distinguished from the not dangerous non-main ssp strains. Y. pseudotuberculosis strains were characterized by a significant variety of amplicons with three pairs of primers, and which made it possible to carry out intraspecies strain genotyping. At the same time, for those strains whose serotype is known, the correlation between the serogroup and the genotype of the strains was observed. Analysis of the 1 serotype strains representing most sequenced Y. pseudotuberculosis strains allowed us to separate two gene groups differing from the rest of 1 serotype gene groups. The first one included the serotype 1a strains isolated from people in Europe, which are known to have the greatest pathogenetic potential. The other one was formed by serotype 1b strains isolated from people in Siberia and Primorye, which are characterized by the high epidemic potential. Thus, four pairs of primers designed in this study can be used to develop additional tests for the identification and differential diagnostics of the most dangerous Y. pestis ssp pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis serotype 1a and 1b strains.
Changes in the metabolism of innate immune cells of homoithermic animals infected with dormant forms of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
Authors: Lyapun Irina Nikolaevna , Ryazanova Olga Sergeevna , Drobot Elena Igorevna , Matosova Ekaterina Vladimirovna , Bynina Marina Pavlovna
Published: November 2021

Under the influence of unfavorable environmental factors, microorganisms pass into a viable, but uncultivated state and form a dormant (dormant) cellular phenotype, characterized by a lack of growth and metabolic activity. Dormant forms of bacteria are not detected by traditional microbiological methods, but they play an important role in the development of protracted and chronic infections in animals and humans. Purpose of the study: to characterize the experimental infectious process in warm-blooded animals, induced by the dormant phenotypes of Y. pseudotuberculosis, and to evaluate changes in the activity of the enzyme systems of inflammatory effector cells. For the study, bacteria were taken from a culture stored under static conditions for 10 years in a test tube under a layer of petroleum jelly at a temperature of 4–6 °C. Ultrastructural features of dormant cell forms were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The viability of dormant cells was assessed by the molecular genetic method (PCR). The absence of reproductive activity of the dormant phenotypes of Y. pseudotuberculosis was checked by repeated inoculations in LB broth, Endo and Serov›s media, and incubation at temperatures of 4–6, 22–24 and 37 °C. Further, the activity of the enzyme systems of cells of the inflammatory process effectors in vivo was investigated. During the experimental infection, the animals showed a gradual increase in the number of inflammatory effector cells. The prevailing number of neutrophils (65–70 %) on days 14–21 of infection indicated a developing inflammatory process. Reversion of the dormant form of Y. pseudotuberculosis in vivo and the development of an inflammatory process in the cells of the peritoneal exudate of infected animals inhibits the activity of the oxygen- and nitroxide-dependent bactericidal systems, as evidenced by the low values of lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide. Thus, the data obtained indicate the possibility of reversion of the dormant forms of Y. pseudotuberculosis into vegetative forms 21 days after infection. On the part of the cells of innate immunity, modulation of the activity of intracellular enzymes, aimed at the induction of antimicrobial protection, was revealed.
REKONSTRUKSI METODOLOGI ILMU TASAWUF DI PTAI
Authors: Aziz Ahmad Amir
Published: November 2021

Tulisan ini mencoba mengkaji berawal dari pertanyaan dapatkan tasawuf dikategorikan sebagai ilmu. Kebanyakan pengkaji memahami tasawuf hanya sebagai sarana pendekatan diri manusia kepada Allah Swt melalui taubat, zuhud, zikir, sabar, iklhas, dan serangkaian maqamat lainnya. Tasawuf lebih dicari dan ditujukan untuk sekedar mencari ketenangan, ketentraman dan kebahagian sejati manusia, di tengah pergulatan kehidupan duniawi yang tak tentu arah ini. Pendapat ini mungkin kurang tepat atau kurang komprehensif, karena tasawuf hanya dipahami sebagai persoalan esoteris, alias batiniah belaka. Tasawuf sebagai ilmu mestilah memenuhi standar keilmuan: ada obyek (material dan formal), memiliki metode tersendiri, bersifat universal atau terbuka untuk publik. Mungkinkah tasawuf mempunyai stándar ilmiah yang dapat menjadi konsumsi ilmuan dari pada mistis.   Kata Kunci:  Tasawuf, Rekonstruksi Ilmu dan Metodologi Ilmu Tasawuf
MANAJEMEN PERPUSTAKAAN DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS LAYANAN DAN MINAT BACA
Authors: Naimah Naimah
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This research aimed to find out about library management which included planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling for the improvement of service and students reading interest at SMPN 3 Salatiga. This research used qualitative approach. Type of this research was descriptive. The research was done in Adyama Pustaka Library of SMPN 3 Salatiga. Data was collected by observation, interview, and documentation. From the result of the research, it can be concluded that: 1) planning of library work program at SMPN 3 Salatiga is in accordance with the planning of library program which are purpose, policy, strategy, and program. All of formulated work program has described about the purpose, policy, strategy, and upcoming program to achieve the desire result. 2) Implementation of library work program at SMPN 3 Salatiga in improving the quality of service and reading interest includes; implementation of differentiation program, processing literature, implementation of service program, implementation of data analysis program, implementation of students activity program, implementation of promotion program, and implementation of inventory taking. The implementation of library work program at SMPN 3 Salatiga has been running well. Then, added by establishment with intern and extern part. 3) Evaluation of planning and implementation of library work program is as a basis for determining policies in the following year.Keywords: Service Quality; Library Management; Reading Interest
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN MUTU SUMBER DAYA PENDIDIK DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Nur Amin Suyanto
Published: November 2021

Pendidikan tidak lepas dari berbagai permasalahan, diantaranya adalah masalah mutu, seperti mutu lulusan, mutu pengajaran, khususnya mutu sumber daya guru. Permasalahan tersebut menuntut kepala sekolah sebagai pimpinan lembaga untuk mengambil strategi yang tepat dalam mengembangkan mutu sumber daya guru, sehingga tercipta guru profesional sesuai dengan kompetensi yang dimiliki. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) kebijakan mengembangkan mutu sumber daya guru, yaitu kecakapan untuk meningkatkan sikap profesionalitas secara berkelanjutan, kemampuan menjadi pembelajar sejati, menyusun karya ilmiah sesuai bidang keilmuannya, yakni pendidikan, dan menjalankan tugas lain sesuai tuntutan kompetensi professional; 2) membentuk kelompok kerja guru (POKJA guru), menugaskan dalam forum-forum akademik, supervisi, diskusi bersama ahli dan pemerhati pendidikan, memfasilitasi untuk studi lanjut dan studi banding, pengejawantahan nilai-nilai Islami, misalnya melakukan pengajian bersama, berkontribusi positif dalam menciptakan iklim kerja yang kondusif, tersedianya fasilitas yang mampu mewadahi kegiatan belajar mengajar, khususnya pemanfaatan teknologi informasi; 3) Kepala sekolah mempunyai tanggung jawab dalam mewujudkan kompetensi unggul guru, baik sebagai pendidik, pemimpin, maupun tugas administrasi lainnya.
The Call of the Faithful: The Integration of Spiritual and Social Work Practice in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Shirley Newton-Guest  , Moreno Claudia Sofia , Coyoy Marla , Najmi Roxanna , Martin Tonia , Vundla Sikholiwe
Published: November 2021

This has been a season of change worldwide. It has become virtually impossible to ignore distressing news about the state of our world. COVID-19 has changed the way we live, work, how we think, and even how we grieve. Every day, Americans are bombarded with reports of rising death tolls, massive unemployment, economic turmoil, and dismal foreseeable predictions. This health crisis has put an enormous amount of pressure on the global community, and this is especially true for our clients who are new immigrants. This pressure has manifested in mental health challenges. Social workers have reported that for many clients the uncertainty and pressure are becoming too much to handle. Typically, clients are experiencing anxiety, depression, substance use disorder, and in some cases interpersonal violence (Brodhead, 2020; Endale et al. 2020; Saltzman et al.,2020). Now imagine the impact on unaccompanied minors arriving at our borders. Prior to the pandemic, the unaccompanied children were dealing with three crises simultaneously: 1) parental and home country separation; 2) trauma from a harsh journey; and 3) language barrier and cultural shock. These issues alone are overwhelming and cause powerful emotions such as anxiety in these children. So how can these emotions be managed, coupled with the dangers of COVID-19? How can social workers provide comfort and support when they may be experiencing the same emotions? This article brings this hidden reality into the public view and enrich the existing social work body of knowledge by demonstrating the restorative power of faith, spirituality, and self-care.
Loneliness vs. Solitude: Recognizing the Difference for ourselves and for our Clients in Light of COVID-19
Authors: Landers Jillian
Published: November 2021

During COVID-19 the practice of social distancing has affected society in various ways. There is still much to learn about the harmful effects of isolation due to social distancing on societal mental health, however, others have noted potentially positive side effects from social distancing such as the observance of solitude (Levine, 2020; Mercier et al., 2021). Solitude and loneliness are distinct experiences (Melvin, 2021). This point of view article contends that Christian social workers should consider the ramifications of both loneliness and solitude in light of COVID-19. This article utilizes Christian scriptures and current literature to define and discuss the differences between loneliness and solitude. There is also a discussion throughout the article about how Christian social workers can recognize and utilize these concepts in their practice with clients and in their own self-care.
More Than Conquerors: Embracing Transformational Leadership and Spiritual Coping During the Pandemic
Authors: Rich Telvis M. , Brade Stennis Kesslyn
Published: November 2021

The global pandemic, COVID-19, has greatly impacted the lives of many, including Christian social workers in practice, in social work education and in their worship. At the height of the pandemic, the operations within practice settings, higher education and places of worship changed and led to a host of challenges. In this paper, the co-authors use a reflective lens to highlight the challenges experienced by Christian social workers. Further, they provide examples and recommendations associated with spiritual coping and transformational leadership and for addressing professional and personal interruptions caused by the pandemic
ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРОБЛЕМ НАДРОКОРИСТУВАННЯ В УКРАЇН
Authors: Лисяк О. І.
Published: November 2021

Розглянуто питання щодо правових проблем користування надрами в Україні та видів надрокористування. Наголошується на необхідності вдосконалення приро- доохоронного законодавства України. Окрему увагу приділено питанням користування надрами без спецдозволу та гірничого відводу землевласниками та землекористувачами.
ЩОДО ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВОГО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОБ’ЄКТА, ПЕРЕДБАЧЕНОГО СТ. 270 КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО КОДЕКСУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Сердюк С. С.
Published: November 2021

У статті надається аналіз об’єкта кримінального правопорушення та комплексна характеристика об’єкта, передбаченого ст. 270 ККУ. Дискусійною проблемою залишається вивчення об’єкта кримінального правопорушення та його класифікації, зокрема вивчення його сутності. Тож шляхом аналізу різних наукових праць у статті визначається, що таке об’єкт кримінального правопорушення, родовий об’єкт, основний безпосередній об’єкт та додатковий (безпосередній) об’єкт. На підставі вивчення різних джерел проана- лізовано концепції об’єкта кримінального правопорушення в кримінальному праві та виз- начається родовий, безпосередній об’єкт, додатковий обов’язковий та додатковий факульта- тивний об’єкти кримінального правопорушення, передбаченого ст. 270 КК України. Також з’ясовуються поняття: «пожежна безпека», «пожежа», «шкода здоров’ю людей», «загибель людей», «майнова шкода» та надається власне визначення безпосереднього об’єкта кримі- нального правопорушення – пожежна безпека та сутності поняття «безпека».
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНО-ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗАСАД ПРИЗНАЧЕННЯ ПОКАРАННЯ ЗА ЗАКОНОДАВСТВОМ УКРАЇНИ ТА ФЕДЕРАТИВНОЇ РЕСПУБЛІКИ НІМЕЧЧИНА
Authors: Шинкарьов Ю. В.
Published: November 2021

У статті здійснюється порівняння законодавства України та Федеративної Республіки Німеччини щодо правового регулювання спеціальнх засад призначення пока- рання. Проводиться науковий пошук у законодавстві Німеччини аналогів сеціальних засад призначення покарання, які окреслені українським закондавством.
ЮРИДИЧНЕ РОЗУМІННЯ ФАБРИКАЦІЇ ТА ФАЛЬСИФІКАЦІЇ ЯК ФОРМ ПОРУШЕННЯ АКАДЕМІЧНОЇ ДОБРОЧЕСНОСТІ
Authors: Новіков Д. О. , Поляков А. О.
Published: November 2021

Автори визначають юридичне розуміння фабрикації та фальсифікації як форм порушення академічної доброчесності, що зменшують цінність наукової й освітньої діяльності, продукують зниження довіри до дослідницької роботи. Зазначається, що фаб- рикація та фальсифікація характеризуються складністю їхнього виявлення та доказування, визначення фабрикації та фальсифікації, наявні в Законі України «Про освіту», не чіткі, розпливчасті, що створює перепони для виявлення цих форм порушення академічної доб- рочесності та притягнення винних осіб до академічної відповідальності. Автори пропонують розуміти під фабрикацією свідоме використання в наукових та/або навчальних роботах штучних даних і відомостей, здійснення посилання на невідповідні й неактивні джерела інформації, зазначення в тексті дослідження неопублікованих та непідтверджених позицій, думок, ідей інших авторів. Натомість фальсифікацію автори пропонують визначити як свідому заміну даних і відомостей власного дослідження або дослідження інших науковців у власних наукових та/або навчальних роботах, викривлення дослідження та його апробації, приховування результатів дослідження, викривлення тексту джерела інформації. Автори переконані, що виявлення фабрикації та фальсифікації, зокрема в наукових дослідженнях, має ґрунтуватися на унормованій процедурі фахового дослідження експертами за напрямом наукової роботи. Авторами пропонується закріпити в Постанові Кабінету Міністрів України від 06 березня 2019 р. № 167 «Про присудження ступеня доктора філософії» після проход- ження перевірки тексту дисертації на наявність академічного плагіату за допомогою про- грамного забезпечення обов’язкову процедуру експертного оцінювання тексту дисертації на наявність порушень академічної доброчесності, зокрема фабрикації та фальсифікації із винесенням відповідного висновку, який долучається до дисертації та без якого неможливо провести захист дисертації в спеціалізованій вченій раді закладу вищої освіти.
ПРАВОВІ ФОРМИ ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ФУНКЦІЙ ДЕРЖАВИ: ПОНЯТТЯ ТА ВИДИ
Authors: Кошарновська С. Л.
Published: November 2021

Мета наукової статті полягає в окресленні окремих проблем у визначенні поняття правових форм реалізації соціальної функції держави, оскільки таку діяльність виконують окремі уповноважені державою органи та посадові особи та винятково в спосіб, установлений законом. Зміст державної влади розкривається в її функціях, компетенції суб’єктів, формах і методах реалізації їхніх повноважень. У статті запропоновано визна- чення правових форм здійснення функцій державної влади, зокрема проаналізовано інші форми реалізації соціальної функції, серед яких вагоме місце посідає контрольно-наглядова форма, що передбачає здійснення контролю за діяльністю державних органів у соціальній сфері не тільки парламентом, урядом та іншими органами, що належать до вертикалі державної виконавчої влади, а й органами, що чинять правосуддя.
СВОБОДА ПРАЦІ ТА ЗАБОРОНА ПРИМУСОВОЇ ПРАЦІ
Authors: Ілющенко А. С.
Published: November 2021

У статті порушено проблему розуміння свободи праці та заборони приму- сової праці. Автор намагається розглянути природу цих правових конструкцій. Окремо розг- лядається проблема порушення свободи праці в умовах коронавірусної інфекції COVID-19. Проведено аналіз досліджень науковців та висловлена власна думка з цього питання. Запропоновано шляхи вирішення актуальних питань із цієї теми.