bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Learning-based active 3D measurement technique using light field created by video projectors
Authors: Shiba Yuki , Ono Satoshi , Furukawa Ryo , Hiura Shinsaku , Kawasaki Hiroshi
Published: July 2019

The combination of a pattern projector and a camera is widely used for 3D measurement. To recover shape from a captured image, various kinds of depth cues are extracted from projected patterns in the image, such as disparities from active stereo or blurriness for depth from defocus. Recently, several techniques have been proposed to improve 3D quality using multiple depth cues by installing coded apertures in projectors or by increasing the number of projectors. However, superposition of projected patterns forms a complicated light field in 3D space, which makes the process of analyzing captured images challenging. In this paper, we propose a learning-based technique to extract depth information from such a light field, which includes multiple depth cues. In the learning phase, prior to the 3D measurement of unknown scenes, projected patterns as they appear at various depths are prepared from not only actual images but also ones generated virtually using computer graphics and geometric calibration results. Then, we use principal component analysis (PCA) to extract features of small patches. In the 3D measurement (reconstruction) phase, the same features of patches are extracted from a captured image of a target scene and compared with the learned data. By using the dimensional reduction by feature extraction, an efficient search algorithm, such as an approximated nearest neighbor (ANN), can be used for the matching process. Another important advantage of our learning-based approach is that we can use most known projection patterns without changing the algorithm.
Healthy food traditions of Asia: exploratory case studies from Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Nepal
Authors: Harmayani Eni , Anal Anil Kumar , Wichienchot Santad , Bhat Rajeev , Gardjito Murdijati , Santoso Umar , Siripongvutikorn Sunisa , Puripaatanavong Jindaporn , Payyappallimana Unnikrishnan
Published: July 2019

Asia represents rich traditional dietary diversity. The rapid diet transition in the region is leading to a high prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The aim of this exploratory study was to document traditional foods and beverages and associated traditional knowledge that have potential positive health impacts, from selected countries in the region. The study also focused on identifying their importance in the prevention and management of lifestyle-related diseases and nutritional deficiencies as well as for the improvement of the overall health and wellbeing. This was conducted in selected locations in Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Nepal through a qualitative method with a pre-tested documentation format. Through a detailed documentation of their health benefits, the study tries to highlight the significance of traditional foods in public health as well as their relevance to local market economies towards sustainable production and consumption and sustainable community livelihoods.
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple Procedure) in a Toddler: An Anesthesia Case Report
Authors: Smith Erik B. , Hardart Richard
Published: July 2019

Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) is performed rarely in pediatric patients. We present our anesthetic management of an 18-month-old girl who underwent a Whipple procedure for a mass in the head of the pancreas that was causing obstructive cholangiopathy. We explore the differences between pediatric and adult patients presenting for Whipple procedure, with a focus on pediatric anesthetic management. Key considerations include blood and fluid management, perioperative analgesia, and postoperative care.
Compromise between mechanical and chemical protection mechanisms in the system of the bivalve Mytilus edulis shell
Authors: Wan Chao , Ma Yun , Gorb Stanislav N.
Published: July 2019

Shell is a multilayered system for protecting the bivalve Mytilus edulis. In contrast to well-developed research on the nacreous component, the protective function of the M. edulis shell as a whole system is not fully understood. Especially, the question of why nacre is situated at the inner side of the shell rather than on the outer remains unclear. Herein the acid resistance of different shell layers was compared using etching tests and the mechanical protection performance of the shell was tested using three-point bending. Two bending loads, including static and dynamic, were applied on the shell samples from outside in (i.e., the out-in bending) and from inside out (i.e., the in-out bending), respectively. Our etching results show that the outside existence of prismatic calcite endows M. edulis with stronger acid resistance than if when the nacre would be outside. On the contrary, the out-in and in-out bending tests reveal that a better mechanical protection of the shell against slow mechanical attacks is achieved if when the nacre was outside. The shell has the same mechanical properties against dynamic mechanical attacks regardless of nacre location. Briefly, the nacre should be on the outside of the shell for a better mechanical protection while the outside location of the prismatic layer offers a stronger resistance against etching. The inside natural location of nacre is the compromise between mechanical and chemical protection mechanisms against complex survival environment. This strongly contributes to our understanding of biological design principles and further development of shell-inspired protective materials.
Thermal acclimation and seasonal acclimatization: a comparative study of cardiac response to prolonged temperature change in shorthorn sculpin
Authors: Filatova Tatiana S. , Abramochkin Denis V. , Shiels Holly A.
Published: July 2019

Seasonal thermal remodelling (acclimatization) and laboratory thermal remodelling (acclimation) can induce different physiological changes in ectothermic animals. As global temperatures are changing at an increasing rate, there is urgency to understand the compensatory abilities of key organs like the heart to adjust under natural conditions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to directly compare the acclimatization and acclimatory response within a single eurythermal fish species, the European shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpio L.). We used current- and voltage-clamp to measure ionic current densities in both isolated atrial and ventricular myocytes at a common temperature of 7.5°C from three groups of fish: 1) summer-acclimated (SumAcl, 12°C); 2) cold-acclimated (ColdAcl, 3°C); and 3) winter-acclimatized fish (WinAcz, 3°C). At the common test temperature of 7.5°C, action potential (AP) was shortened by both WinAcz and ColdAcl, compared with SumAcl, however, WinAcz caused a greater shortening than did ColdAcl. Shortening of AP was achieved mostly by a significant increase in repolarizing current density (IKr and IK1) following WinAcz, with ColdAcl having only minor effects. Compared with SumAcl, the depolarizing L-type calcium current (ICa) was larger following WinAcz, but again there was no effect of ColdAcl on ICa. Interestingly, the other depolarizing current, INa was downregulated at low temperatures. Our analysis further shows that ionic current remodelling is primarily due to changes ion channel density rather than currents kinetics. In summary, acclimatization profoundly modified the electrical activity of the sculpin heart while acclimation to the same temperature for >1.5 month produced very limited remodelling effects.
Reorientation and propulsion in fast-starting zebrafish larvae: an inverse dynamics analysis
Authors: Voesenek Cees J. , Pieters Remco P. M. , Muijres Florian T. , van Leeuwen Johan L.
Published: July 2019

Most fish species use fast starts to escape from predators. Zebrafish larvae perform effective fast starts immediately after hatching. They use a C-start, where the body curls into a C-shape, and then unfolds to accelerate. These escape responses need to fulfil a number of functional demands, under the constraints of the fluid environment and the larva's body shape. Primarily, the larvae need to generate sufficient escape speed in a wide range of possible directions, in a short-enough time. In this study, we examined how the larvae meet these demands. We filmed fast starts of zebrafish larvae with a unique five-camera setup with high spatiotemporal resolution. From these videos, we reconstructed the 3D swimming motion with an automated method and from these data calculated resultant hydrodynamic forces and, for the first time, 3D torques. We show that zebrafish larvae reorient mostly in the first stage of the start by producing a strong yaw torque, often without using the pectoral fins. This reorientation is expressed as the body angle, a measure that represents the rotation of the complete body, rather than the commonly used head angle. The fish accelerates its centre of mass mostly in stage 2 by generating a considerable force peak while the fish ‘unfolds’. The escape direction of the fish correlates strongly with the amount of body curvature in stage 1, while the escape speed correlates strongly with the duration of the start. This may allow the fish to independently control the direction and speed of the escape.
The effects of target contrast on Drosophila courtship
Authors: Agrawal Sweta , Dickinson Michael H.
Published: July 2019

Many animals use visual cues like object shape, color, and motion to detect and pursue conspecific mates. Contrast is another possibly informative visual cue, but has not been studied in great detail. In this study, we presented male Drosophila melanogaster with small, fly-sized, moving objects painted either black, white, or grey to test if they use contrast cues to identify mates. We found that males frequently chased grey objects and rarely chased white or black objects. Although males started chasing black objects as often as grey objects, the resulting chases were much shorter. To test whether the attraction to grey objects was mediated via contrast, we fabricated black and grey behavioral chambers. However, wildtype males almost never chased any objects in these darkly colored chambers. To circumvent this limitation, we increased baseline levels of chasing by thermogenetically activating P1 neurons to promote courtship. Males with thermogenetically activated P1 neurons maintained a similar preference for grey objects despite elevated levels of courtship behavior. When placed in a black chamber, males with activated P1 neurons switched their preference and chased black objects more than grey objects. We also tested whether males use contrast cues to orient to particular parts of the female's body during courtship. When presented with moving objects painted two colors, males positioned themselves next to the grey half regardless of whether the other half was painted black or white. These results suggest that males can use contrast to recognize potential mates and to position themselves during courtship.
"Βιοηθικά": μια αρχή
Authors: Βιδάλης (Takis Vidalis) Τάκης
Published: July 2019

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Does luck egalitarianism lose its appeal in the face of genetic engineering?
Authors: Theophilopoulou (Αρετή Θεοφιλοπούλου) Areti
Published: July 2019

It has been suggested that the era of genetic interventions will sound the death knell for luck egalitarianism, as it will blur the line between chance and choice, on which theories of distributive justice often rest. By examining the threats posed to these theories, a crucial assumption is exposed; it is assumed that a commitment to the neutralisation of the effects of luck implies the endorsement of even the most morally controversial enhancements. In antithesis, I argue that an attractive theory of luck egalitarianism, Dworkinian liberal equality, enables us to deduce plausible implications for genetic engineering. By focusing on the abstract moral commitments at the heart of Dworkin’s theory, a twofold purpose is served. First, they reveal in what ways the criticisms misfire, thereby safeguarding luck egalitarianism. Second, Dworkinian luck egalitarianism is further strengthened, as it produces plausible guidelines for public policy on genetic engineering in liberal societies.
CRISPR/CAS και η επέμβαση στο ανθρώπινο γονιδίωμα: περί φύσης και έξης
Authors: Χασαπάκου (Dionysia Chasapakou) Διονυσία , Προϊκάκη (Stella Proikaki) Στέλλα , Μπόμπολα (Maria Bobola) Μαρία , Λάμπρου (George Lambrou) Γεώργιος
Published: July 2019

Biological sciences are progressing rapidly. New methodologies of data analysis are necessary due to methods of production of mass biological data. However, new challenges have arisen concerning the knowledge management and its probable bioethical consequences on living beings.The next step in biological sciences' advancement was the CRISPR/Cas9 method which made possible the selective genomic modification. This method is simple, effective and flexible and facilitates the genomic modification of any organism included human. It is the most impressive achievement on the path of constant advancement in biological engineering technology over the last decade. Although already widely applied in all species, it is its application on human beings that is most interesting. In literature, there is an intense debate and the new technologies are being compared to old eugenics, which gives a negative tone to these methods. On the other hand, there is the optimistic aspect which considers these methods as life-saving for human evolution. This paper aims to present and support the view that the moral value of things is not in nature but in user's habit; to give grounds for more reflection, to discuss bioethical issues arising from the application of this technology and of course to highlight that whatever the upcoming developments of genomic are, they should foster and benefit the individual.Moreover, it is essential that the scientific community is in a constant and continuous consultation with society at large. Finally, new policies and updated guidelines are of utter importance in order to ensure the respect of human existence.
Η βοηθική και το επιστημολογικό παράδειγμα της πολυπλοκότητας
Authors: Ρεθυμνιωτάκη (Eleni Rethimiotaki) Ελένη
Published: July 2019

Nearly half a century now, the regulation of biomedical research and its technological applications, particularly in medical practice, takes place through a novel combination of positive sciences with humanities, philosophy and social theory of science. However, their combination is still a challenge both practically and theoretically. The practical challenge is how scientific and technological progress combined to the economic and social development it brings is harmonized with the protection of natural and social goods as well as the respect for individual freedoms. Besides, the regulation of biomedicine consists an epistemological challenge for philosophy and theory of science. The work of the deceased Thanassis Papachristou, Professor of Law School of the National and Kapodistrian University in Athens and a former member of the National Bioethics Committee, has been a pioneer precisely because he perceived the dual challenge being simultaneously a civilist and a sociologist of law.The article explains first the reasons why his work opens up to a dynamic view of the regulation of biomedicine. Second, it proceeds further and after quoting the basic theoretical assumptions of the epistemological example of complexity, it develops arguments in favor of its adoption for the interpretation and description of bioethics with bio-law and their combination in the modern model of regulation of biomedicine. Thirdly, the article exposes some thoughts about the implementation of the complexity paradigm in the case pf the Greek model of regulation of biomedicine and the dynamics of bioethics development within it.
Η ανθρωπολογική έρευνα της δωρεάς ωαρίων στην Ελλάδα: πολιτισμικές αντιλήψεις, κοινωνικές πρακτικές και νομικοί κανόνες
Authors: Τουντασάκη (Eirini Tountasaki) Ειρήνη
Published: July 2019

Legislative provisions regarding the use of reproductive technologies prove the attempt of law to respond to the new social needs and to supply answers to acute ethical and legal dilemmas which have arisen as a result of the dramatic progress of biotechnologies. Nevertheless, legislation must not appear as a simple list of rules. It reflects sociocultural conceptions and reconfigurations which characterize particular historical and political situations while at the same time affect and contribute to the shaping of the social agents choices.I attempt to analyze this interaction between legislative provisions and social practices through the case of legislation of the egg donation technique. Drawing from the combination of the study of laws with the analysis of the anthropological research data -which reproduce the agents discourse- I try to show that legislation does not only defend but also reinforce the infertile couples attempt to normalize the oddity of medically assisted reproduction, to naturalize the birth of a child. The anonymity between all involved parties, the secrecy surrounding the whole process of the use of the egg donors and the construction of similarities between the child and the candidate parents not only meet the regulatory requirements of the legislative provisions but at the same time constitute strategies activated by the agents in order for the donor to be eliminated, the use of foreign eggs to be naturalized, the technique of assisted reproduction to imitate natural reproduction.
Εκούσια ευθανασία, προσωπική αυτονομία και ανθρώπινη αξιοπρέπεια
Authors: Χατζής (Aristidis Hatzis) Αριστείδης
Published: July 2019

No abstract available
Πτυχές της συμβολής της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος και της Ορθόδοξης Θεολογίας στην εξέλιξη του βιοηθικού διαλόγου
Authors: Χανιώτης (Evangelos Chaniotis) Ευάγγελος
Published: July 2019

The importance of modern biomedical achievements along with the consequent ethical dilemmas, concerning the integrity of human person, incited the Church of Greece to establish a Special Synodical Committee of Bioethics. It was created in order to inform the people of Church responsibly and scientifically regarding all these bioethical issues. Those, however, were already known to Orthodox Theology even since the 1950s, when orthodox theologians, based on patristic theology, became involved in the bioethical dialogue when the issue of assisted reproduction was central. Afterwards, the Bishop of Demetrias Christodoulos (later, the Archbishop of Athens) deal with a wide range of bioethical issues in the light of Orthodox Theology.The Commission has dealt extensively with major ethical issues, such as the moment of death, the mechanical support in ER, the interfering with the normal process of reproduction, the beginning of the human life, the problem of euthanasia, the challenge of man’s intervention in the human genome, creating designer babies, the research and the experimentation on humans, especially on the fetus, the dependence of health on monetary profit, the use of medical technology on humans, thus contributing to the Orthodox Christian Ethics, and the total scientific dialogue.The Church assesses the bioethical issues above, and, through its theological tradition and life, formulates its pastoral advice and guidance hence focusing on vital issues such as the ethical limits in biomedical applications and the criteria that can set them. The Orthodox Bioethics is called to give answers to dilemmas which the biomedical sciences fail to do so or even lead to a deadlock.
Η βιοηθική στην εκπαίδευση
Authors: Γλυκοφρύδη (Alexandra Glykofridi) Αλεξάνδρα , Ζαπουνίδου (Maria Zapounidou) Μαρία
Published: July 2019

During recent years, bioethics have become increasingly important as it has become clear that citizens of all ages will be called upon to take ethical decisions about the use of science and technology at some stage of their lives. Research shows that there is a global agreement on the need to teach more of these ethical and social issues related to science and technology at all levels of education.This article attempts to investigate the importance and role of bioethics in secondary and undergraduate university education. Examples of primary and secondary education curricula, their goals and their contribution to improving students' understanding of the different aspects of bioethics are presented. Then, it is attempted to review the situation of bioethics in universities curricula. The article analyzes the different philosophies of approaching bioethical education, its relation with human rights and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the teaching strategies of integration and specialization.In conclusion, it seems that bioethics is worthwhile being joined together with other disciplines and integrated into a wider framework of effective and informed decision-making skills, whether the person is a health professional or a modern citizen.
«Υγρός βιολογικός χρυσός»: Κριτικές προσεγγίσεις των τραπεζών ομφαλοπλακουντιακού αίματος από το πεδίο «Επιστήμη, Τεχνολογία, Κοινωνία»
Authors: Μορφάκης (Constantinos Morfakis) Κωνσταντίνος , Βλαντώνη (Katerina Vlantoni) Κατερίνα
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we present the ways umbilical cord blood banking practices interrelate with the institutional forms of umbilical cord blood banks.The differing modes of utilizing umbilical cord blood are connected to the establishment of public and private banking. The public and private banks are associated with different social meanings. Public banks are associated with the principles of redistributive economy, while, the private banks with that of market economy. The practices of umbilical cord blood banks, as it has been demonstrated by studies from the interdisciplinary field “Science, Technology, Society”, render less rigid the distinction between public and private banking.By focusing on the mobility of the umbilical cord blood cells in a wide network of infrastructure and organizations that surround its utilization, we intend to show the factors that make problematic the binary and opposed consideration of the public-private character in the two modes of umbilical cord blood banking.
The question of the prohibition of prostitution in Europe: A comparative overview of the Nordic and the German- Dutch model and the inconsistencies of the Greek Legislation
Authors: Πολυχρονίου (Ariadni Polichroniou) Αριάδνη
Published: July 2019

This article attempts to analyze and compare the two most influential systems that regulate prostitution in Europe: the Nordic model that is based on the total prohibition of prostitution and on the penalization of the purchase of sexual services and the German-Dutch model that introduces the normalization of prostitution via the legalization of the activity in question and the imposition of State controls and regulations.Furthermore, the article will focus on the policy of the European Union as well as on the Greek legislation regarding the confrontation of the phenomenon of prostitution. As far as the latter is concerned, the inconsistencies of the current legal framework and its applicability problems will be highlighted and the first efforts aiming at an alternative regulation of prostitution will be described.
Wear assessment of current aesthetic crowns compared with human enamel after two finishing procedures: In vitro study
Authors: Sha'aban Ahmed M. , El Naggar Gihan A. , Nabil Rasha , Rashad Mohamed A. , Attia Yara S.
Published: July 2019

Background: Surfaces of ceramic crowns are modified several times before being exposed to wear in the oral cavity.  Grinding and different finishing procedures may be associated with teeth wear due to increased surface roughness. Limited data is available with regard to the effect of polishing procedures on the surface roughness and wear behavior of ceramic crowns.  This study was conducted to assess the influence of polished and polished-ground-repolished surface finish on the roughness and wear performance of three ceramic crowns.

Methods: 36 natural 1st molar teeth were prepared using a CNC milling machine and classified into three groups (n=12/group): zirconia, E-max and hybrid ceramic (VITA ENAMIC) crowns. Each group was classified into two subgroups (n=6/subgroup): polished and polished-ground-repolished crowns. Natural molar teeth served as an unrestored control group (n=6). All samples were loaded into a chewing simulator for 100,000 cycles and subjected to 600 thermo-cycles in temperature changes to simulate changes in intraoral temperature. Natural maxillary 1st premolar teeth were collected and only buccal half (cusp) of sectioned tooth was used as antagonists. A profilometer was used to detect the roughness before and after masticatory cycles. The occlusal surface was analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Results: The E-max crown group had the highest mean surface roughness value (0.267µm) followed by VITA ENAMIC crown group (0.266 µm), while the lowest mean surface roughness value recorded for zirconia crown (0.257µm). The difference between these means was not significant. The polished-ground–repolished group had a higher mean surface roughness (0.266 µm) compared with the polished group (0.260 µm), which was not significantly different.

Conclusions: All tested ceramic crowns showed surface roughness with values within acceptable clinical parameters (~0.2 µm). Additionally, intraoral polishing procedures could be considered a reliable technique for smoothing of zircona, E.max and VITA ENAMIC crowns after occlusal adjustment.
Fuzzy-logic optical processors
Authors: Крамаров Сергей , Kramarov Sergey , Ковалев Сергей , Kovalev Sergey , Соколов Сергей , Sokolov Sergey
Published: July 2019

There is the current state of a question of creation of the indistinct and logical optical devices serving for development of high performance expert systems which will provide inquiries of experts from the most various areas is considered in the monograph. Use of the device of indistinct systems is caused by a tendency of increase in complexity of mathematical and formal models of actual systems and management processes which are bound to desire to increase their adequacy and to consider the increasing number of various factors affecting on decision-making processes. The main directions of researches which are given in the monograph are directed to development of basic elements of the optical computer. Authors of this work patented over 50 various indistinct and logical optical devices and ways of information processing with their use, many of which explicitly are considered in this monograph. Writing of the book was initiated by the tasks formulated within the SMART project (Satellite Monitoring – to the Fissile Development of Territories) where a number of the keyset problems, including adaptability of adoption of administrative decisions is considered. The book is intended for scientists, experts, graduate students and undergraduates specializing in the field of photonics, development indistinctly – logical methods and devices, and also for students of older years of physical and mathematical faculties and engineering higher education institutions on the corresponding specialties.
Adherence in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): a clinical review
Authors: Bager Palle , Jäghult Susanna
Published: July 2019

Adherence to treatment can be challenging, especially in chronic diseases. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), maintenance therapy is common to prevent a disease relapse, and adherence becomes even more of a challenge during remission. Furthermore, practical problems with taking topical treatment can increase the likelihood of non-adherence. In IBD, the definition adherence can be expanded beyond taking medication to factors like leaving blood or stool samples, keeping appointments or adjusting behaviour regarding smoking or diet. This review provides a taxonomy of different types of non-adherence and indicates how these types call for different interventions. Furthermore, the article describes how IBD nurses can open up conversations with patients that will hopefully lead to improvements in their adherence.
Exploring the emotions of patients undergoing therapy for hepatitis C
Authors: Montague Sarah , Agarwal Kosh , Cannon Mary
Published: July 2019

Background:

direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is highly efficacious in the treatment of hepatitis C (HCV). The literature to date has focused primarily on the physical health benefits of viral eradication.

Aims:

this study explored patient emotions during and after DAA therapy for HCV.

Methods:

over a 6-month period, 178 patients attending a viral hepatitis clinic for treatment of HCV were posed a single question: ‘How do you feel about your diagnosis of hepatitis C today?’ Responses were transcribed verbatim, thematically coded and visualised using WordArt software.

Findings:

the images depict the evolution of patients' perceptions of HCV before, during and after DAA therapy. Responses before treatment were predominantly negative, often describing the fear of contagion and feelings of isolation, secrecy and loneliness. After treatment, patients often described feeling positive and more motivated.

Conclusions:

the results demonstrate that treatment of HCV has a transformative effect on patients' perception of the impact of HCV on their wellbeing. This may promote a more positive outlook and, in turn, facilitate patient engagement with healthcare.
Building, educating and celebrating
Authors: Clayton Michelle
Published: July 2019

Michelle Clayton, Chair of the British Liver Nurses Assocation, sets out the organisation's key priorities and upcoming agenda
Newly qualified health visitor: User feedback to improve care
Authors: Boddy Bethany
Published: July 2019

Bethany Boddy reflects on how the health visiting profession should embrace, gather and take forward user feedback to help improve practice
Looking for a leader? It's you …
Authors: Smikle Marcia
Published: July 2019

Marcia Smikle looks at the skills and qualities health visitors have or require, with some useful tips from health visitors at varying stages of their leadership journey
Safeguarding preschool children: A public health perspective
Authors: Foreman David
Published: July 2019

This article proposes a safeguarding model based on public health principles appropriate for health visitors in routine practice, focusing on the idea of safeguarding as primary prevention of maltreatment. Ecological risk is the current best model for the aetiology of maltreatment but may be hard to assess in practice, so assessment of social capital is proposed as a convenient simplification of this in primary care. The importance of combining clinical evaluation (monitoring) with structured normed assessment tools is demonstrated. Policy frameworks for safeguarding are discussed as maps to guide interventions, which ensure timely delivery of appropriate services in a coordinated fashion. The most important skills for safeguarding children are those related to developmental assessment, family functioning, and understanding complex and disorganised case information.
Çevrimiçi Dinleme Ödevlerinin Dinlediğini Anlama Becerisine Etkisi
Authors: Bıyıklı Cemal , ŞENER Ali Kağan , DÖNMEZER Evrim Burçe , DENKTAŞ Arzu
Published: July 2019

Araştırmanın amacı, öğrencilere belirli periyotlarla çevrimiçi olarak verilen dinleme ödevlerinin öğrencilerin dinlediğini anlama becerilerinin geliştirilmesinde etkisinin olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Çalışmada yarı deneysel desenin karşılaştırmalı eşitlenmemiş grup sontest modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın deneysel işlem süreci Ankara Özel Tevfik Fikret ilkokulunda 2014-2015 öğretim yılında birinci sınıf, 2015-2016 öğretim yılında 2. sınıf ve 2016-2017 öğretim yılında 3. sınıf olan aynı öğrencilerle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya deney grubunda 113, kontrol grubunda 119 kişi olmak üzere toplamda 232 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırmadaki veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ve deneysel işlemin sonunda uygulanan 40 soruluk Dinlediğini Anlama Testi ile elde edilmiştir. Sonuçta, deney grubu ile kontrol grubu sontest puanları karşılaştırıldığında, testten alınan genel puanlar, bilgi ve kavrama düzeyindeki sorulara verilen yanıtların puanları açısından deney grubundaki artışın kontrol grubundan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca Dinlediğini Anlama Testindeki metin türlerine ait öğrenci puanları karşılaştırıldığında da deney grubu lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğu görülmüştür.
PISA 2012 Okuduğunu Anlama Testine Verilen Yanıtların Boyutluluğunun İki Faktör Modeline Dayalı Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: KULA KARTAL Seval
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı yanıtlayıcıların PISA 2012
okuduğunu anlama testi maddelerine verdiği yanıtlardan elde edilen veri setinin
boyutluluğunun iki parametreli lojistik model ve iki faktör modeliyle elde
edilen madde parametreleri ve madde düzeyinde model veri uyumu
istatistiklerinin karşılaştırılması yoluyla incelenmesidir. PISA 2012 Türkiye
uygulamasında dört okuma metnine dayalı olarak geliştirilmiş 14 madde içeren 12
numaralı test formu 284 kişilik öğrenci grubu üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Madde
Tepki Kuramı modelleri arasındaki karşılaştırmalar madde ayırt edicilik
parametrelerine, S-χ2 madde uyum istatistiklerine ve açıklanan ortak
varyans değerlerine dayalı olarak yapılmıştır. Analizlerin sonuçları, genel
boyut ayırt edicilik parametrelerinin tek boyutlu iki parametreli lojistik
model madde parametreleriyle benzer olduğunu göstermiştir. İki faktör modeli
madde düzeyinde model veri uyumunda tek boyutlu modele göre bir miktar iyileşme
sağlamış olsa da bu iyileşmenin önemli olmadığı bulunmuştur. Madde model veri
uyumu açısından iki model de benzer sonuçlar sağlamıştır. Bu bulgulara dayalı
olarak, genel boyuta karşılık gelen okuduğunu anlama becerisinin test verisinin
altında yatan baskın boyut olduğu, ortak metinlerden kaynaklı varyansın küçük
ve önemsiz olduğu, verinin (yaklaşık) tek boyutluluk varsayımını sağladığı
sonucuna varılmıştır.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Psikolojik İyi Oluş Düzeylerinde Bilinçli Farkındalık ve Affetmenin Yordayıcı Rolleri
Authors: ZÜMBÜL Saadet
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı, bilinçli farkındalık ve
affetme değişkenlerinin öğretmen adaylarının psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyini ne
derecede yordadıklarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, 235’i kadın ve
128’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 363 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada
veri toplama araçları olarak Psikolojik
İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Bilinçli Farkındalık
Ölçeği, Heartland Affetme Ölçeği
ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu
kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde Pearson Momentler Çarpım
Korelasyonu Analizi ve Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda yordayıcı güçleri bakımından sırasıyla bilinçli farkındalık
ve affetme değişkenlerinin öğretmen adaylarının iyi oluş düzeylerini anlamlı
şekilde yordadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Söz konusu bu değişkenlerin ortak
etkilerinin psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerine ilişkin varyansın % 43’ünü açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir.
Son olarak da araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular ışığında ileride yapılacak
araştırmalar için öneriler sunulmuştur.
Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Immunotherapy with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Patients
Authors: Duffy Michael J , Crown John
Published: July 2019

BACKGROUND

Immunotherapy, especially the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized the management of several different cancer types in recent years. However, for most types of cancer, only a minority of patients experience a durable response. Furthermore, administration of immunotherapy can result in serious adverse reactions. Thus, for the most efficient and effective use of immunotherapy, accurate predictive biomarkers that have undergone analytical and clinical validation are necessary.

CONTENT

Among the most widely investigated predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy are programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), microsatellite instability/defective mismatch repair (MSI/dMMR), and tumor mutational burden (TMB). MSI/dMMR is approved for clinical use irrespective of the tumor type, whereas PD-L1 is approved only for use in certain cancer types (e.g., for predicting response to first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer). Although not yet approved for clinical use, TMB has been shown to predict response to several different forms of immunotherapy and across multiple cancer types. Less widely investigated predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy include tumor-infiltrating CD8+ lymphocytes and specific gene signatures. Despite being widely investigated, assays for MSI/dMMR, PD-L1, and TMB lack standardization and are still evolving. An urgent focus of future research should be the optimization and standardization of method for determining these biomarkers.

Biomarkers for predicting response to immunotherapy are paving the way for personalized treatment for patients with diverse cancer types. However, standardization of the available biomarker assays is an urgent requirement.
‘You want me to surrender my identity?’ Laura Jane Grace, transition and selling out
Authors: Carella Kristen , Wymer Kathryn
Published: July 2019

For the first decade of their existence, members of the Florida anarcho-punk band Against Me! were consistently accused of selling out, whether because of stylistic choices they made, the record label they chose or the venues they played. Recriminations came both from former fans, who at times attempted to disrupt shows and even threatened violence, and journalists – mainstream as well as niche – who published accusations against the band and at times advocated action against them. By 2012, when Grace came out as transgender, she had been deeply affected by years of relentless personal assault. This article considers how the categorically punk notion of ‘selling out’ informed the gender transition of Against Me!’s frontwoman, Laura Jane Grace. As we discuss, Grace’s understanding of anarcho-punk ideology, dating back to her earliest expressions of it, included gender liberation. What is more, her fears about selling out were entangled with her choice to stay in the closet for so many years, as can be seen through her song lyrics, her journals and her later discussions in her memoir. This article examines how, for Grace, failing to own her gender identity was, as she has since claimed, what it really meant to ‘sell out’. Owning her identity and helping to create safer spaces for transgender individuals in the punk scene, Grace re-aligned herself with her core, anarcho-punk ideals, which demanded open and unfaltering personal integrity.
Film Review
Authors: Binns Rebecca
Published: July 2019

Stories from the She Punks: Music with a Different Agenda, (2016), Gina Birch and Helen Reddington (dirs.), UK: Birch & Reddington
Tissue culture and biotechnological techniques applied to passion fruit with ornamental potential: an overview
Authors: Mikosvki Andreia Izabel , Silva Nayara Tayane , Souza Claudinei Santos , Machado Marcelo Dias , Otoni Wagner Campos , Carvalho Ilio Fealho , Rocha Diego Ismael , Silva Maurecilne Lemes
Published: July 2019

The ornamental flower sector has growing over the past years worldwide with potential for further expansion. Among the ornamental plants, Passiflora species have been gaining ground in the market, mainly in European and North American countries. However, the market aiming the use of these species in ornamentation is still poorly explored. The inclusion of passion flower in the list of ornamental plants is related to the peculiar characteristics of the flower as it is complex structure, capacity of flowering all year long and also by the abundance and exuberance of the leaves, which in many species adds an ornamental value. Among the biotechnological tools for the production of ornamental plants, tissue culture has been outstanding in the cloning of elite genotypes, with high phytosanitary quality and large scale production. In addition, it offers possibilities of producing new varieties with characteristics peculiar to the market of ornamental plants. The diversity of wild Passiflora opens perspectives to the conservation, market and production of ornamental Passiflora cultivars.
Glycogenic Hepatopathy
Authors: Sharma Bashar , Antoine Marsha , Shah Mili , Nagales Nagamos Rochelle , John Savio
Published: July 2019

Glycogenic hepatopathy is excessive intrahepatic glycogen accumulation. It is a rare complication of long-standing, poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus. We report a case of a 19-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and frequent admissions for diabetic ketoacidosis, who presented with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and hepatomegaly. She was found to have diabetic ketoacidosis with persistently elevated serum lactate that did not improve with insulin infusions. She eventually underwent a liver biopsy, which showed excessive intracytoplasmic glycogen accumulation consistent with glycogenic hepatopathy.
Design of Wind/Diesel Generator Micro-Grid Power System in Kano, Nigeria, Using Homer
Authors: Mohammed Nuhu , Bello Adisa Ademola , Ahmed Bawa Mohammed , Dandakuta Habou
Published: July 2019

A micro-grid system has been designed using wind/diesel generators power sources. The system is aimed to cater for the electricity demand of Kwankwasiyya city Kano, Nigeria. The city has about 400 housing units with average daily electricity demand of 10000 kWhr. The project employed the use of homer, a software that performs Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables. The most appropriate system architecture was chosen from the optimisation result based on the selection factors set (initial investment cost, total electrical production to site primary demand ratio and so on). A system comprising single wind turbine (800 kW), and two generators of 400 kW and 300kW has been selected based on the selection criteria. The electrical output shows that 82% of the total production will be consumed onsite with the remaining would be sold to the grid. The system has a cost of energy value of 0.279 kWh with net present cost of about $11,000,000. The system is economically viable considering the need of reliable power in the region even though, the price of the electricity is higher than what is obtainable from the grid.
Investigation of Pulse Electric Field Influence on Cell Trypsinization Assay
Authors: Buhari Mamman Hassan , Ishaku Abdul Dalyop , Mahadi Abdul Jamil Muhammad , Ahmed Bawa Mohammed , Nazib Adon Mohamad
Published: July 2019

This study is aimed at investigating the effect of pulse electric field on cell attachment properties towards the enhancement of wound healing process. The Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29) was use in this study. The HT29 cells were treated with an electric field of 600V/cm amplitude for 500µs pulse duration in suspension and seeded for 24 hours. A time-lapse live imaging of the trypsinization assay of the HT29 cell was carried out using integrated devices for live cell imaging that was equipped with Charge Coupled Device (CCD) Camera, Temperature and Carbon IV Oxide (CO2)Controllers as well as, an Inverted Microscope. The electric treatment was found to decrease the adhesiveness of the cell by 41% where the treated cells detached from the substrate in 340 seconds as compared to control group that took 480 seconds to completely detached from the substrate immediately after trypsinization. Hence, the study suggested that the application of appropriate electric field, can affect the cell signalling pathways which in turn decrease the degree of cell adhesion on the substrate. The decrement in the cell adhesion could facilitate wound healing process via increased cellular migration, since the speed of cell migration is inversely proportional to the strength of cell adhesion.
Three-dimensional Stress Analysis Study on Multi-Bolted Joints of Composite Plates
Authors: Supar Khairi , Ahmad Hilton , Sim Yee Lee
Published: July 2019

Single-lap bolted joint is the widely applied technique in joining parts of aerospace and civil engineering structures, due to joint efficiencies where staggered arrangements are commonly adopted. This particular joint type exhibits secondary bending phenomenon due to eccentric loading path. Stress analysis enables the structure engineers to predict the failure path and maximum stress that may lead to catastrophic failures. Stress analysis study were carried out in multi-bolted woven fabric kenaf reinforced polymer (WKRP) joints with variation of lay-up types, hole configurations and plate thicknesses. 3-D FEA modelling implemented here explicitly incorporates out-of-plane deformation to provide better prediction upon crack initiation from maximum stress exhibited along the hole boundary. WKRP plates tested were failed in net-tension where the crack propagated normal to its applied stress. It was found that plate variation (i.e., lay-up types, hole configurations and plate thicknesses) correspondingly affect tangential stress distributions along its hole boundary. Current 3-D models used modulus properties from independent experimental work which regarded as smeared-out properties through their plate thickness. Staggered configurations demonstrated more evenly stress distribution to their adjacent bolts due to stress resistance diagonally and larger staggered plate width. Slightly contrast in lay-up types where larger tangential stress is exhibited in cross-ply due to more volume fraction of 0Â° fiber direction. Larger tangential stress in thicker plates associated to effective friction stress transfer to give higher failure load. Effects of secondary bending is more prominent in cross-ply and thinner plates, assumption of smeared-out properties is less good due to plate edge lifting, however, effect of secondary bending phenomenon in multi-bolted is lesser than single-bolted joints.Â Â
The Application and Challenges of Earned Value Management (EVM) As Cost Monitoring Tool in the Construction Industry
Authors: Sunarti Noorhidayah , Pakir Mastan Zetty , Seon Cin Lum
Published: July 2019

Earned Value Management (EVM) is one of the fundamental approaches acting as a comprehensive project management and controlling technique for tracking the costs and examining project expenditures relative to the physical progress of work. Majority of the previous literature reviews and findings indicates the positive contributions of EVM in monitoring the project time-cost performance progressively and forecasting its future trends. However, EVM was not widely used as practically, the traditional cost and schedule monitoring tool is still very common in the construction industry. Thus, this research was conducted using quantitative method to the identified quantity surveying, project management and construction firms in Klang Valley area to achieve the objectives of; (1) to identify the implementation level of EVM in construction projects, (2) to recognize the EVM contribution as cost monitoring tool compared to the other mehods, and (3) to ascertain the challenges in using EVM. Based on the result, majority has reaffirmed that EVM is positively contribute to project cost monitoring and provide an overall effective cost management tools in their projects. Despite the major challenges identified in using EVM are due to the lack of EVM knowledge, expertise and experience by the user in the industry, the results also indicating that more construction players have come to realize that integration of cost and time management in EVM is beneficial to the construction industry.Â Â