bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An innovative 5-Step Patient Interview approach for integrating mental healthcare into primary care centre services: a validation study
Authors: AlKhathami Abdullah Dukhail
Published: August 2022

Background

Mental health problems are prevalent among patients seeking primary healthcare. However, traditional patient interviews often fail to identify and manage these problems. Therefore, an improved patient interview process is needed to assess and treat mental health problems in primary care settings.

Aims

To assess the validity, reliability, sensitivity and specificity of a 5-Step Patient Interview approach for the screening, diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems.

Design and setting

This study compared a 5-Step Patient Interview approach (AlKhathami approach) with expert psychiatric interviews based on the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire from 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2020 in family practice or primary healthcare centres.

Methods

A total of 760 participants from five Saudi Arabian regions were selected using a multiclustered random sample of every third patient aged ≥18 years, drawn from the clinics’ patient list.

Results

A total of 732 patients agreed to participate, with a response rate of 96.3%; 396 (54.1%) were women; the mean (Standard Deviation) age was 41.28 (14.30) years (ranging from 18 to 84 years). Mental health problems were suspected in 40% of the participants. The 5-Step Patient Interview approach was shown to be comparable to an expert interview by a psychiatrist. Moreover, it was more accurate than the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 self-administered questionnaires in screening for stress and classifying it as mild, moderate to severe or severe. Additionally, the 5-Step Patient Interview approach improved physician-patient communication by encouraging the exploration of patients’ perspectives.

Conclusions

The 5-Step Patient Interview approach is a valid, reliable tool that can aid the integration of mental healthcare into primary healthcare and family practice. Future studies should evaluate the implementation outcomes of the 5-Step Patient Interview approach.
Epithelial SOX9 drives progression and metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma by promoting immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment
Authors: Fan Yibo , Li Yuan , Yao Xiaodan , Jin Jiangkang , Scott Ailing , Liu Bovey , Wang Shan , Huo Longfei , Wang Ying , Wang Ruiping , Pool Pizzi Melissa , Ma Lang , Shao Shan , Sewastjanow-Silva Matheus , Waters Rebecca , Chatterjee Deyali , Liu Bin , Shanbhag Namita , Peng Guang , Calin George Adrian , Mazur Pawel Karol , Hanash Samir M , Ishizawa Jo , Hirata Yuki , Nagano Osamu , Wang Zhenning , Wang Linghua , Xian Wa , McKeon Frank , Ajani Jaffer A , Song Shumei
Published: August 2022

Objective

Many cancers engage embryonic genes for rapid growth and evading the immune system. SOX9 has been upregulated in many tumours, yet the role of SOX9 in mediating immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment is unclear. Here, we aim to dissect the role of SOX9-mediated cancer stemness attributes and immunosuppressive microenvironment in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) for novel therapeutic discoveries.

Methods

Bulk RNAseq/scRNA-seq, patient-derived cells/models and extensive functional studies were used to identify the expression and functions of SOX9 and its target genes in vitro and in vivo. Immune responses were studied in PBMCs or CD45+immune cells cocultured with tumour cells with SOX9highor knockout and the KP-Luc2 syngeneic models were used for efficacy of combinations.

Results

SOX9 is one of the most upregulated SOX genes in GAC and highly expressed in primary and metastatic tissues and associated with poor prognosis. Depletion of SOX9 in patient-derived GAC cells significantly decreased cancer stemness attributes, tumour formation and metastases and consistently increased CD8+T cell responses when cocultured with PBMCs/CD45+cells from GAC patients. RNA sequencing identified the leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as the top secreted molecule regulated by SOX9 in tumour cells and was enriched in malignant ascites and mediated SOX9-induced M2 macrophage repolarisation and inhibited T cell function.

Conclusion

Epithelial SOX9 is critical in suppressing CD8+T cell responses and modified macrophage function in GAC through the paracrine LIF factor. Cotargeting LIF/LIFR and CSF1R has great potential in targeting SOX9-mediated cancer stemness, T cell immunosuppression and metastases suggesting the novel combination therapy against advanced GAC.
Third Asia-Pacific consensus recommendations on colorectal cancer screening and postpolypectomy surveillance
Authors: Sung Joseph J Y , Chiu Han-Mo , Lieberman David , Kuipers Ernst J , Rutter Matthew D , Macrae Finlay , Yeoh Khay-Guan , Ang Tiing Leong , Chong Vui Heng , John Sneha , Li Jingnan , Wu Kaichun , Ng Simon S M , Makharia Govind K , Abdullah Murdani , Kobayashi Nozomu , Sekiguchi Masau , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Kim Hyun-Soo , Parry Susan , Cabral-Prodigalidad Patricia Anne I , Wu Deng-Chyang , Khomvilai Suparkij , Lui Rashid N , Wong Sunny , Lin Yu-Min , Dekker E
Published: August 2022

The Asia-Pacific region has the largest number of cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and one of the highest levels of mortality due to this condition in the world. Since the publishing of two consensus recommendations in 2008 and 2015, significant advancements have been made in our knowledge of epidemiology, pathology and the natural history of the adenoma-carcinoma progression. Based on the most updated epidemiological and clinical studies in this region, considering literature from international studies, and adopting the modified Delphi process, the Asia-Pacific Working Group on Colorectal Cancer Screening has updated and revised their recommendations on (1) screening methods and preferred strategies; (2) age for starting and terminating screening for CRC; (3) screening for individuals with a family history of CRC or advanced adenoma; (4) surveillance for those with adenomas; (5) screening and surveillance for sessile serrated lesions and (6) quality assurance of screening programmes. Thirteen countries/regions in the Asia-Pacific region were represented in this exercise. International advisors from North America and Europe were invited to participate.
Outcomes with adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with sentinel lymph node-positive melanoma without completion lymph node dissection
Authors: Eroglu Zeynep , Broman Kristy K , Thompson John F , Nijhuis Amanda , Hieken Tina J , Kottschade Lisa , Farma Jeffrey M , Hotz Meghan , Deneve Jeremiah , Fleming Martin , Bartlett Edmund K , Sharma Avinash , Dossett Lesly , Hughes Tasha , Gyorki David E , Downs Jennifer , Karakousis Giorgos , Song Yun , Lee Ann , Berman Russell S , van Akkooi Alexander , Stahlie Emma , Han Dale , Vetto John , Beasley Georgia , Farrow Norma E , Hui Jane Yuet Ching , Moncrieff Marc , Nobes Jenny , Baecher Kirsten , Perez Matthew , Lowe Michael , Ollila David W , Collichio Frances A , Bagge Roger Olofsson , Mattsson Jan , Kroon Hidde M , Chai Harvey , Teras Jyri , Sun James , Carr Michael J , Tandon Ankita , Babacan Nalan Akgul , Kim Younchul , Naqvi Mahrukh , Zager Jonathan , Khushalani Nikhil I
Published: August 2022

Until recently, most patients with sentinel lymph node-positive (SLN+) melanoma underwent a completion lymph node dissection (CLND), as mandated in published trials of adjuvant systemic therapies. Following multicenter selective lymphadenectomy trial-II, most patients with SLN+ melanoma no longer undergo a CLND prior to adjuvant systemic therapy. A retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes in SLN+ melanoma patients treated with adjuvant systemic therapy after July 2017 was performed in 21 international cancer centers. Of 462 patients who received systemic adjuvant therapy, 326 patients received adjuvant anti-PD-1 without prior immediate (IM) CLND, while 60 underwent IM CLND. With median follow-up of 21 months, 24-month relapse-free survival (RFS) was 67% (95% CI 62% to 73%) in the 326 patients. When the patient subgroups who would have been eligible for the two adjuvant anti-PD-1 clinical trials mandating IM CLND were analyzed separately, 24-month RFS rates were 64%, very similar to the RFS rates from those studies. Of these no-CLND patients, those with SLN tumor deposit >1 mm, stage IIIC/D and ulcerated primary had worse RFS. Of the patients who relapsed on adjuvant anti-PD-1, those without IM CLND had a higher rate of relapse in the regional nodal basin than those with IM CLND (46% vs 11%). Therefore, 55% of patients who relapsed without prior CLND underwent surgery including therapeutic lymph node dissection (TLND), with 30% relapsing a second time; there was no difference in subsequent relapse between patients who received observation vs secondary adjuvant therapy. Despite the increased frequency of nodal relapses, adjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy may be as effective in SLN+ pts who forego IM CLND and salvage surgery with TLND at relapse may be a viable option for these patients.
Glutathione peroxidase 2 is a metabolic driver of the tumor immune microenvironment and immune checkpoint inhibitor response
Authors: Ahmed Kazi Mokim , Veeramachaneni Ratna , Deng Defeng , Putluri Nagireddy , Putluri Vasanta , Cardenas Maria F , Wheeler David A , Decker William K , Frederick Andy I , Kazi Sawad , Sikora Andrew G , Sandulache Vlad C , Frederick Mitchell J
Published: August 2022

Background

The existence of immunologically ‘cold tumors’ frequently found across a wide spectrum of tumor types represents a significant challenge for cancer immunotherapy. Cold tumors have poor baseline pan-leukocyte infiltration, including a low prevalence of cytotoxic lymphocytes, and not surprisingly respond unfavorably to immune checkpoint (IC) inhibitors. We hypothesized that cold tumors harbor a mechanism of immune escape upstream and independent of ICs that may be driven by tumor biology rather than differences in mutational neoantigen burden.

Methods

Using a bioinformatic approach to analyze TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) RNA sequencing data we identified genes upregulated in cold versus hot tumors across four different smoking-related cancers, including squamous carcinomas from the oral cavity (OCSCC) and lung (LUSC), and adenocarcinomas of the bladder (BLCA) and lung (LUAD). Biological significance of the gene most robustly associated with a cold tumor phenotype across all four tumor types, glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2), was further evaluated using a combination of in silico analyses and functional genomic experiments performed both in vitro and in in vivo with preclinical models of oral cancer.

Results

Elevated RNA expression of five metabolic enzymes including GPX2, aldo-keto reductase family 1 members AKR1C1, AKR1C3, and cytochrome monoxygenases (CP4F11 and CYP4F3) co-occurred in cold tumors across all four smoking-related cancers. These genes have all been linked to negative regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism—a well-established inflammatory pathway—and are also known downstream targets of the redox sensitive Nrf2 transcription factor pathway. In OCSCC, LUSC, and LUAD, GPX2 expression was highly correlated with Nrf2 activation signatures, also elevated in cold tumors. In BLCA, however, GPX2 correlated more strongly than Nrf2 signatures with decreased infiltration of multiple leukocyte subtypes. GPX2 inversely correlated with expression of multiple pro- inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and NF-kB activation in cell lines and knockdown of GPX2 led to increased secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin-6. Conversely, GPX2 overexpression led to reduced PGE2 production in a murine OCSCC model (MOC1). GPX2 overexpressing MOC1 tumors had a more suppressive tumor immune microenvironment and responded less favorably to anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocytes-associated protein 4 IC therapy in mice.

Conclusion

GPX2 overexpression represents a novel potentially targetable effector of immune escape in cold tumors.
Spatially resolved proteomic profiling identifies tumor cell CD44 as a biomarker associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Moutafi Myrto K , Molero Magdalena , Martinez Morilla Sandra , Baena Javier , Vathiotis Ioannis A , Gavrielatou Niki , Castro-Labrador Laura , de Garibay Gorka Ruiz , Adradas Vera , Orive Daniel , Valencia Karmele , Calvo Alfonso , Montuenga Luis M , Ponce Aix S , Schalper Kurt A , Herbst Roy S , Paz-Ares Luis , Rimm David L , Zugazagoitia Jon
Published: August 2022

Background

Most patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) fail to derive significant benefit from programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis blockade, and new biomarkers of response are needed. In this study, we aimed to discover and validate spatially resolved protein markers associated with sensitivity to PD-1 axis inhibition in NSCLC.

Methods

We initially assessed a discovery cohort of 56 patients with NSCLC treated with PD-1 axis inhibitors at Yale Cancer Center. Using the GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling (DSP) system, 71 proteins were measured in spatial context on each spot in a tissue microarray. We used the AQUA method of quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) to orthogonally validate candidate biomarkers. For external independent validation, we assessed whole tissue sections derived from 128 patients with NSCLC treated with single-agent PD-1 axis inhibitors at the 12 de Octubre Hospital (Madrid) using DSP. We further analyzed two immunotherapy untreated cohorts to address prognostic significance (n=252 from Yale Cancer Center; n=124 from University Clinic of Navarra) using QIF and DSP, respectively.

Results

Using continuous log-scaled data, we identified CD44 expression in the tumor compartment (pan-cytokeratin (CK)+) as a novel predictor of prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) (multivariate HR=0.68, p=0.043) in the discovery set. We validated by QIF that tumor CD44 levels assessed as continuous QIF scores were associated with longer PFS (multivariate HR=0.31, p=0.022) and overall survival (multivariate HR=0.29, p=0.038). Using DSP in an independent immunotherapy treated cohort, we validated that CD44 levels in the tumor compartment, but not in the immune compartment (panCK–/CD45+), were associated with clinical benefit (OR=1.22, p=0.018) and extended PFS under PD-1 axis inhibition using the highest tertile cutpoint (multivariate HR=0.62, p=0.03). The effect of tumor cell CD44 in predicting PFS remained significant after correcting for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) in both cohorts. High tumor cell CD44 was not prognostic in the absence of immunotherapy. Using DSP data, intratumoral regions with elevated tumor cell CD44 expression showed prominent (fold change>1.5, adjusted p<0.05) upregulation of PD-L1, TIM-3, ICOS, and CD40 in two independent cohorts.

Conclusions

This work highlights CD44 as a novel indicative biomarker of sensitivity to PD-1 axis blockade that might help to improve immunotherapy strategies for NSCLC.
Visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation in the obesity paradox in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Ji Hyun , Hyung Sujin , Lee Jeeyun , Choi Sang-Hee
Published: August 2022

Background

The obesity paradox is a topic of increasing interest in oncology and epidemiology research. Although this phenomenon has been observed in melanoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors, little is known about its mechanism. We aim to investigate the prognostic value of obesity and its association with adiposity and systemic inflammation.

Methods

This retrospective study evaluates the data of patients who received pembrolizumab or nivolumab for unresectable or metastatic melanoma between June 2015 and April 2021. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) and visceral fat index (VFI) (cm2/m2) were calculated by dividing the cross-sectional areas of skeletal muscle and visceral fat by height squared. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was defined as the total peripheral platelet count×neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to determine the association with overall survival.

Results

We analyzed 266 patients with a median age of 60 years (IQR 51–69 years; 135 men and 131 women). The protective effect of obesity was independent of covariates (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.99; p=0.048), but disappeared after adjusting for VFI (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.41 to 1.40; p=0.380) or SII (HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.42 to 1.18; p=0.186). An increase of 10 cm2/m2in VFI was associated with longer overall survival after adjusting for covariates (HR 0.88; 95% CI 0.79 to 0.99; p=0.029). The prognostic value of VFI remained and predicted favorable overall survival after additional adjustment for SMI (HR 0.86; 95% CI 0.76 to 0.98; p=0.025), but disappeared with adjustment for SII (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.82 to 1.03; p=0.142). An increase of 100×109/L in SII was associated with poor overall survival when adjusted for covariates (HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.11; p<0.001) or when additionally adjusted for VFI (HR 1.07; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.10; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Visceral adiposity and systemic inflammation are significant prognostic factors in patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. The prognostic impact of visceral adiposity is dependent on systemic inflammation status.
Rubber band ligation versus coagulation for the treatment of haemorrhoids: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Ding Zhihao , Xuan Ji , Tang Guoxing , Shi Shaopei , Liang Xuejun , An Qin , Wang Fangyu
Published: August 2022

Non-surgical therapies have the advantage of lower postoperative pain and complication rates compared with surgical therapies. Rubber band ligation and coagulation are two kinds of non-surgical therapies. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of rubber band ligation and coagulation. A systematic review was conducted to identify randomised clinical trials that compare rubber band ligation and coagulation treatments for haemorrhoids. PubMed and Web of Science were searched, from inception to April 30th,2022. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Fifty-nine studies were identified. Nine trials met the inclusion criteria. All trials were of moderate methodological quality. No significant difference was found between rubber band ligation and coagulation in terms of efficacy rate, postoperative prolapse rate, recurrence rate and postoperative urine retention rate after treatment. Patients undergoing rubber band ligation had higher postoperative pain rate and lower postoperative bleeding rate than patients undergoing coagulation. The subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference between rubber band ligation and infrared coagulation or non-infrared coagulation in terms of efficacy rate, postoperative bleeding and postoperative urine retention rate after treatment. Patients undergoing rubber band ligation had a higher postoperative pain rate than patients undergoing infrared coagulation or non-infrared coagulation. We believe that coagulation for haemorrhoids still has a good future. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022311281.
Impact de la régie sur la productivité et la valeur nutritive de prairies d'alpiste roseau dans le littoral du lac Saint-Pierre
Authors: Seguin Philippe , Smedbol Élise , Gravel Valérie
Published: August 2022

L'alpiste roseau ( Phalaris arundinacea L.) est une espèce adaptée au littoral du lac Saint-Pierre. Elle peut être utilisée comme source de fourrage et sa biomasse résiduelle en fin de saison peut être utilisée par les poissons pour y déposer leurs œufs lors de la crue printanière. Une régie plus intensive favorise la production fourragère (6974 kg MS/ha), tandis qu'une régie moins intensive produit des rendements en fourrages moindres (2600 kg MS/ha) mais maximise la biomasse résiduelle à l'automne (6271 kg MS/ha). La régie à favoriser dans le littoral devra tenir compte des besoins agricoles et des besoins fauniques.
Layered vaccine allocation for spatio-temporal vaccination of COVID-19
Authors: Ghazal I. , Rachadi A. , Ez-Zahraouy H.
Published: August 2022

Optimal allocation of vaccine doses is a major challenge faced by the health authorities especially in the case of an ever-growing pandemic expansion and a limited supply availability. Based on a spatio-temporal compartmental virus propagation model applied to the case of SARS-CoV-2 virus, we investigate a layered vaccine allocation strategy for the subpopulations of a given country or a geographical region based on the prevalence of susceptible individuals as a prioritization metric. Our findings show that a relaxed layered allocation prioritization, where a maximum of regions benefit from vaccine doses is more effective in controlling the epidemic than a strict prioritization, focused only on the few most prioritized regions. These results are consistent among different vaccine rollout speeds for various limiting values of the priority list.
Thermal stability analysis of meta-aramid insulating paper based on computer molecular dynamics
Authors: Liu Bowen , Lv Fangcheng , Fan Xiaozhou , Zhang Wenqi , Sui Yueyi , Wang Jiaxue , Yin Shengdong
Published: August 2022

A thermal stability analysis method of meta-aramid insulating paper based on computer molecular dynamics technology is designed in this paper. First, the raw materials and equipment for preparing meta-aramid insulating paper were determined to prepare meta-aramid insulating paper. Then, the internal structure and morphology of meta-aramid insulating paper are analyzed for the subsequent stability analysis. Finally, the basic principle of computer molecular dynamics technology is analyzed, which is used to analyze the thermal stability of meta-aramid insulating paper, mainly from the stability of its crystal region. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible in analyzing the thermal stability of aramid insulating paper between samples.
A Hyperparameter Adaptive Genetic Algorithm Based on DQN
Authors: Zeng Detian , Yan Tianwei , Zeng Zengri , Liu Hao , Guan Peiyuan
Published: August 2022

The hyperparameters of the metaheuristic algorithm are difficult to determine when solving optimization problems. The existing methods mainly adjust hyperparameters through preset rules or traditional RL. The performance of the above methods is unsatisfactory and the generalization is poor. This work proposes a deep Q-learning network (DQN)-based dynamic setting framework for combinatorial hyperparameters, and applies it to a Genetic algorithm (GA) to improve its performance. By defining the four elements of the environment, state, action and reward required for learning strategy in advance, the parametrized strategy can be trained offline and different DQN models can be studied. Our method was compared with other algorithms and achieved the shortest path on 14 of 15 public TSP instances. Meanwhile, the test results on our simulation TSP validation dataset revealed that Category DQN achieved the best performance. This means the proposed method can effectively solve the problem of combinatorial hyperparameters setting, and bring more solving advantages to the GA.
Design of DC–DC Buck Converter Based on Improved Voltage-Mode COT Control
Authors: Huang Peirong , Chang Changyuan
Published: August 2022

In this paper, an improved voltage-mode constant on-time (COT) control DC–DC buck converter is designed, which makes the DC–DC buck converter have good stability. Firstly, an improved compensation scheme is introduced through the analysis and derivation of the traditional voltage-mode COT controlled buck converter model. Then, according to the application requirements of the design, Simplis software modeling is used to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. The 0.13[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m BCD technology is used to tape out the DC–DC converter of the improved voltage mode COT. The input voltage is 3.7–5.5[Formula: see text]V and the output voltage is 3.3[Formula: see text]V. The chip test mainly includes heavy-load condition in CCM operation, light-load condition in DCM operation, and load transient response. The test results show that the chip can remain stable under heavy-load and light-load conditions. The overshoot and undershoot in transient response can be quickly restored to steady state during the recovery process. Finally, compared with chips of the same type, it shows that the DC–DC chip for portable electronic equipment designed in this paper adopts an internal compensation structure, which has good stability, simple design, small main chip area, simple peripheral equipment, and good application value.
Deuteron–deuteron elastic scattering with three-nucleon force effect in complete Glauber multiple scattering theory
Authors: Elzayady M. E. , Salama T. N. E. , Hassan M. A.
Published: August 2022

In the framework of Glauber multiple scattering theory including the three-nucleon force, we can well describe the experimental measurements of deuteron–deuteron elastic scattering differential cross-section at momenta [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] GeV/c and center of mass energies [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] GeV. Due to relatively small radius of three-nucleon force it has no effect in the forward direction where [Formula: see text] (GeV/c)2 at any energy. The two-nucleon force is enough to describe the data where the single scattering terms are dominant. At medium energy, the effect of three-nucleon force is clear for [Formula: see text] (GeV/c)2. At the same time, for intersecting storage rings (ISR) energies, the three-nucleon force effect is clearly observed at the minimum of the differential cross-section and for the other values of [Formula: see text] (GeV/c)2 is, in general, small.
ULTRASONIC CAVITATION EROSION-CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF NiTi CLADDINGS WITH Ni AND Cu INTERLAYER
Authors: SHI ZHENPING , WANG ZHENGBIN , QIAO YANXIN , WANG TAO , ZHENG YUGUI
Published: August 2022

The NiTi claddings by tungsten inert gas (TIG) with Ni and Cu interlayer were manufactured to resist the cavitation erosion-corrosion (CEC). The cavitation test, the open circuit potential and the potentiodynamic polarization measurements were used to study the synergistic effect among cavitation erosion (CE) and corrosion for the NiTi claddings. After the CEC test for 11[Formula: see text]h, the cumulative mass loss of 304 stainless steel is 5 and 1.15 times that of NiTi-Ni-TIG cladding and NiTi-Cu-TIG cladding, respectively. In NiTi-Cu-TIG cladding, the galvanic corrosion between the Cu-Ti intermetallics and the B2 phase causes the anodic dissolution of the Cu-Ti intermetallics, and results in the B2 phase losing support and spalling off during the CEC test. In contrast, NiTi-Ni-TIG cladding can be used against the CEC because of its uniform microstructure, no Cu-rich area and the effect of corrosion on CE of NiTi-Ni-TIG cladding is small.
NEW GENERATION NANO-CBN CUTTING TOOL FOR INCREASING SUSTAINABILITY OF HARD TURNING PROCESS
Authors: NAYERI MOHAMMAD REZA , ABOOTORABI MOHAMMAD MAHDI
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the effect of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) on tool wear in the hard turning of 100Cr6 ball bearing steel has been investigated and the results are compared to those obtained through dry and wet lubrication methods. The tools used in the study include CBN and nano-CBN tools. The nano-CBN tool is a new generation of CBN tools manufactured based on nanotechnology. No research has been conducted on the impact of this tool on machining processes. The ratio of NCBN tool flank wear land to the CBN tool flank wear land in dry, wet and MQL methods were 0.18, 0.23 and 0.28, respectively. The wear of CBN tool in turning with MQL was 2.8 times greater than the wear of nano-CBN tool in dry machining. In turning with nano-CBN tool, the height of the tool flank wear with MQL was reduced by 22% and 7% concerning wet and dry methods, respectively, while these values were 51% and 24%, respectively, for the CBN tool. The CBN tool wear depends on the lubrication method but the wear of the nano-CBN tool is almost independent of the lubrication method.
On properties of some nilpotent evolution algebras and their enveloping algebras
Authors: Alarafeen Ahmad , Ahmad Azhana , Qaralleh Izzat
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we consider [Formula: see text]-dimensional nilpotent finite-dimensional evolution algebras with non-maximal index of nilpotency. We give complete invariants of these algebras in order to classify them. Then, we describe their associative enveloping algebras. We also give a positive answer to the question whether a derivation of this nilpotent evolution algebra is possible to be extended to its enveloping algebra.
A Novel Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach Proposal Based On Kemira-M With Four Criteria Groups
Authors: Ay Sefacan , Can Gülin Feryal , Toktaş Pelin
Published: August 2022

This study aims to eliminate the subjectivity in the weight assignment process of Modified Kemeny Median Indicator Ranks Accordance (KEMIRA-M) and to remove the need for experts to reach a consensus on determining the criteria weights. Additionally, this study aims to apply KEMIRA-M for four different criteria groups and to prevent some criteria from taking a weight value of “0”, as in other studies using KEMIRA-M. In this context, the weighting procedure of KEMIRA-M is advanced using three different ranking-based weighting methods such as Rank Sum (RS), Rank Exponent (RE) and Rank Reciprocal (RR) to operate Median Priority Components (MPCs) more effectively. Accordingly, to determine which weighting method for which criterion group is more suitable, the selection procedure of KEMIRA-M was applied and alternative rankings were obtained for 81 different weight set combinations. Additionally, MATLAB codes have been used to provide flexibility for the application of the proposed approach in a supplier selection problem selected for a case study.
On Finsler surfaces with certain flag curvatures
Authors: Taha Ebtsam H.
Published: August 2022

We find necessary and sufficient conditions for a Finsler surface [Formula: see text] to be Landsbregian in terms of the Berwald curvature [Formula: see text]-form. We study Finsler surfaces which satisfy some flag curvature [Formula: see text] conditions, viz., [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is the Cartan scalar. In order to do so, we investigate some geometric objects associated with the global Berwald distribution [Formula: see text] of a [Formula: see text]-dimensional Finsler metrizable nonflat spray [Formula: see text]. We find out under what conditions these surfaces turn out to be Riemannian. The existence of a first integral for the geodesic flow in each case has some remarkable consequences concerning rigidity results. We prove that a Finsler surface with [Formula: see text] and either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] is Riemannian. Further, a Finsler surface with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is Riemannian.
Anisotropic strange compact stars in Krori–Barua spacetime under f(R,G) gravity
Authors: Athar A. R. , Ilyas M. , Masud Bilal
Published: August 2022

There are a number of different theories which tend to explain the concept of universe’s accelerated expansion. Among these theories, modified gravity is the most promising one. This paper elaborates matter distribution along with different characteristics of anisotropic compact stars in [Formula: see text] gravity background. Specifically, to profoundly understand physical behavior of the compact stars, we considered six compact stars, namely: Her X-1 ([Formula: see text]), SAXJ1808.4-3658 ([Formula: see text]), 4U1820-30 ([Formula: see text]), PSR J 1614 2230 ([Formula: see text]), VELA X-1 ([Formula: see text]) and Cen X-3 ([Formula: see text]) and calculated the corresponding quantities such as energy density ([Formula: see text]), radial pressure ([Formula: see text]) and tangential pressure ([Formula: see text]) using three distinct models of [Formula: see text] gravity. For simplicity, [Formula: see text] gravity is divided into two parts as: [Formula: see text]. The first part [Formula: see text] is considered Hu–Sawicki like model, while the second part [Formula: see text] is considered logarithmic like for Model 1 and power law like for Model 2 and Model 3. Predominantly, measurements of anisotropy, the energy conditions (ECs) and stability aspects of models for considered compacts stars are presented using graphical techniques. Furthermore, we also established that for the [Formula: see text] model parameter ([Formula: see text]), all the six stars show conventional behavior.
Natural Resource Rents and Social Capital Interaction: New Evidence on the Role of Financial Development
Authors: Ahmadian-Yazdi Farzaneh , Mesgarani Mahsa , Roudari Soheil
Published: August 2022

The varied opinions on financial developmental impacts on growth in different economies have been the subject of considerable debates among economists during the last two decades, especially in natural-resource-rich countries. However, the role of financial development on a crucial channel of growth, i.e. social capital, has been neglected. Unlike previous studies, the level of income in resource-based economies has been considered an important factor influencing the way financial development affects social capital-resource rents’ interactions. Thus, in this paper, the impact of financial development as an infrastructure to turn natural capital into social capital has been investigated in two groups of resource-abundant countries using a panel data model during 2009:Q1-2016:Q4. The empirical results in the case of high-income economies show that a high level of financial development can ensure resource rents, positively influencing social capital. However, findings indicate an adverse impact of natural resource rents on social capital in medium-income countries.
On nonexistence of solutions to some time space fractional evolution equations with transformed space argument
Authors: Alsaedi Ahmed , Kirane Mokhtar , Fino Ahmad Z. , Ahmad Bashir
Published: August 2022

Some results on nonexistence of nontrivial solutions to some time and space fractional differential evolution equations with transformed space argument are obtained via the nonlinear capacity method. The analysis is then used for a [Formula: see text] system of equations with transformed space arguments.
Fabrication and characterization of monocrystalline Zn2TiO4 films on MgO (111) substrates by PLD
Authors: Zhang Biao , Luan Caina , Le Yong , Wang Di , Xiao Hongdi , Feng Xianjin , Ma Jin
Published: August 2022

Cubic Zn2TiO4 films were deposited on MgO (111) single crystal substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). With the assistance of post-annealing process, the best epitaxial Zn2TiO4 film with only (111) single plane was obtained at 950[Formula: see text]C. For the best Zn2TiO4 single crystalline film, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the XRD [Formula: see text] rocking curve for the Zn2TiO4 (111) diffraction peak was only 0.12[Formula: see text]. From the TEM spectrum, the film had a regular lattice arrangement and strong periodicity. Structural analysis indicated that the out-plane and in-plane epitaxial arrangement of the film/substrate separately were Zn2TiO4 (111)//MgO (111) and Zn2TiO4 [10[Formula: see text]]//MgO <10[Formula: see text]>. The optical properties of the films were investigated in detail. After removing the influence of the transmittance of the substrate, the relative transmittance of the films exceeded 90% and the optical band gap of the films varied between 3.84 and 4.38 eV.
A survey on attribute-based encryption for Internet of Things
Authors: Kumar Dilip , Kumar Manoj , Gupta Gaurav
Published: August 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new technology that has drawn interest from both industry and academia in the modern digital era. The IoT provides a platform for any device to connect and share data over the Internet. Because of the diverse IoT environment and resource-constrained IoT devices, this nascent technology has numerous security challenges. Due to the lack of fine-grained access control and flexibility, traditional cryptographic algorithms such as private key encryption and public-key encryption are not suitable for providing access control mechanisms. ABE (Attribute-Based Encryption) is a new cryptographic approach that not only provides security but also fine-grained access control. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of ABE and its various forms, such as key policy ABE and ciphertext policy ABE, based on access structure, multi-authority, and hierarchy features. Further access structures used in ABE and applications of the ABE technique in IoT are also discussed. A comparison of different ABE schemes is presented regarding features, efficiency, and security. In addition, numerous schemes are analyzed to uncover obstacles, issues, and gaps that need to be investigated further.
A probabilistic model for estimating some design characteristics of aerostructures with an illustration of a Monte Carlo simulation, statistical inferences and applications in aerodynamics
Authors: Nakhkoob Massoud
Published: August 2022

This paper examines the performance of a new probability model developed in terms of the surface area and velocity of an aero-structure, and presents some relevant statistical inferences. Several examples will compare the robustness of three kinds of point estimators developed for the lift coefficient. Four different types of confidence intervals for the lift coefficient are also developed, and it is shown that the shortest length confidence interval is an UMA confidence interval. Using the probability model, the correlation coefficient between lift and velocity, and the relevant regression slope are computed. The inferences and the results of this paper can be used particularly in the designing process of an aero-structure, especially when there is some uncertainty about its surface area; this provides some flexibilities for aerodynamicists in determining some of the unknown design characteristics.
Trust in Edge-based Internet of Things Architectures: State of the Art and Research Challenges
Authors: Fotia Lidia , Delicato Flávia , Fortino Giancarlo
Published: August 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to enable a scenario where smart objects, inserted into information networks, supply smart services for human beings. The introduction of edge computing in IoT can reduce the decision-making latency, save bandwidth resources, and expand the cloud services to be allocated at the network’s edge. However, edge-based IoT systems currently face challenges in their decentralized trust management. Trust management is essential to obtain reliable mining and data fusion, improved user privacy and data security, and provisioning of services with context-awareness. In this survey, we first examine the edge-based IoT architectures currently reported in the literature. Then a complete review of trust requirements in edge-based IoT systems is produced. Also, we discuss about blockchain as a solution to solve several trust problems in IoT and analyze in detail the correlation between blockchain and edge computing. Finally, we provide a detailed analysis of performance aspects of trusted edge-based IoT systems and recommend promising research directions.
Handedness is associated with less common input to spinal motor neurons innervating different hand muscles
Authors: Maillet Jean , Avrillon Simon , Nordez Antoine , Rossi Jeremy , Hug François
Published: August 2022

How the neural control of manual behaviors differs between the dominant and nondominant hand remains poorly understood. This study shows that there is less common synaptic input between motor neurons innervating different muscles in the dominant than in the nondominant hand during isometric rotation tasks. This lower level of common input could confer higher flexibility in the recruitment of motor units.
Sepsis-Induced Brain Dysfunction: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Pan Shangwen , Lv Zheng , Wang Rui , Shu Huaqing , Yuan Shiying , Yu Yuan , Shang You
Published: August 2022

Dysregulated host response to infection, which cause life-threatening organ dysfunction, was defined as sepsis. Sepsis can cause acute and long-term brain dysfunction, namely, sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) and cognitive impairment. SAE refers to changes in consciousness without direct evidence of central nervous system infection. It is highly prevalent and may cause poor outcomes in sepsis patients. Cognitive impairment seriously affects the life quality of sepsis patients and increases the medical burden. The pathogenesis of sepsis-induced brain dysfunction is mainly characterized by the interaction of systemic inflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, neuroinflammation, microcirculation dysfunction, and brain dysfunction. Currently, the diagnosis of sepsis-induced brain dysfunction is based on clinical manifestation of altered consciousness along with neuropathological examination, and the treatment is mainly involves controlling sepsis. Although treatments for sepsis-induced brain dysfunction have been tested in animals, clinical treat sepsis-induced brain dysfunction is still difficult. Therefore, we review the underlying mechanisms of sepsis-induced brain injury, which mainly focus on the influence of systemic inflammation on BBB, neuroinflammation, brain microcirculation, and the brain function, which want to bring new mechanism-based directions for future basic and clinical research aimed at preventing or ameliorating brain dysfunction.
Analysis of Intelligent Optimization and Allocation of Human Resources in Media Operation Management
Authors: Yan Han , Lv Jing
Published: August 2022

Scientific and rational optimization of human resources allocation in media operation and management to maximize the economic and social benefits of enterprises is the top priority of the current media to strengthen human resources work. How to allocate human resources, adjust the structure of human resources, realize complementary advantages, and dynamically adapt to the needs of economic construction is a very important issue that must be carefully studied in the process of human resources development and management. In this article, a binary classification support vector machine method is proposed, which uses linear function calculation, and finally uses multi-skill model to solve performance experiments. The results show that the media operation management must reform the labor employment system, allocate the labor force scientifically and rationally, and make effective use of the media management labor resources; labor employment is a necessary means for the development and survival of enterprises. It is an important function of enterprise management to manage and utilize labor reasonably and effectively. Through optimal allocation and rational utilization, the human resource allocation in media operation management can reach a higher management level.
Optimized Piano Music Education Model Based on Multimodal Information Fusion for Emotion Recognition in Multimedia Video Networks
Authors: Bai Jie
Published: August 2022

Emotion is the important information that people transmit in the process of communication, and the change of emotional state affects people’s perception and decision-making, which introduces the emotional dimension into human-computer interaction. The modes of emotional expression include facial expressions, speech, posture, physiological signals, text, and so on. Emotion recognition is essentially a multimodal fusion problem. This paper investigates the different teaching modes of the teachers and students of our school, designs the load capacity through the K-means algorithm, builds a multimedia network sharing classroom, and creates a piano music situation to stimulate students’ learning interest, using audiovisual and other tools to mobilize students’ emotions, using multimedia guidance to extend students’ piano music knowledge, and comprehensively improve students’ aesthetic ability and autonomous learning ability. Comparing the changes of students after 3 months of teaching, the results of the study found that multimedia sharing classrooms can be up to 50% ahead of traditional teaching methods in enhancing students’ interest, and teachers’ acceptance of multimedia network sharing classrooms is also high.
Random Matrix Model for the Ecological Model of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education for College Students
Authors: Yang Fen
Published: August 2022

The introduction of the ecological perspective into the research of entrepreneurship education is an important transformation of the way of thinking. Using the thinking forms such as integrity, diversity, and openness, it analyzes the ecological role relationship of the various elements of entrepreneurship education itself, and the relationship between the entrepreneurship education system and the external social ecology. The relationship between the system and the influence of various elements on the effect of entrepreneurship education is clarified to ensure that entrepreneurship education achieves practical results. From the perspective of ecology, based on the research on entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, on the basis of ecological cognition of entrepreneurship education, this research attempts to solve many problems in the current implementation of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities through the theoretical construction of an ideal college entrepreneurship education ecosystem. The problem of ecological imbalance can better serve the practice of entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities. At the same time, theoretically expand the horizons of entrepreneurship education research in colleges and universities, and further promote the “conditional” integration of ecological thinking and entrepreneurship education. This paper introduces the random matrix theory and introduces the related theory of Monte Carlo method. The weight assignment of the evaluation index system is realized, which lays the foundation for the quantitative evaluation. The weight coefficients of the indicators at all levels are determined by the analytic hierarchy process, and the importance of the indicators is judged by the weight coefficients, so as to realize the scientific quantitative evaluation of the innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem. At the same time, the scientificity of the evaluation index system is verified by means of the method of reliability and validity test. The conclusions of this study theoretically solve the main problems existing in the evaluation of the current innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem. By building a complete evaluation index system for the innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem in colleges and universities, it helps researchers and users to clarify the connotation and elements of the innovation and entrepreneurship education ecosystem in colleges and universities, and fully taps the “hidden” elements of evaluation indicators, making the evaluation more comprehensive.