bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The chloroplast genomes of two medicinal species (Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. and Veronica undulata Wall.) and its comparative analysis with related Veronica species
Authors: Hai Yonglin , Qian Yan , Yang Meihua , Zhang Yue , Xu Huimei , Yang Yongcheng , Xia Conglong
Published: June 2024

Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. and Veronica undulata Wall. are widely used ethnomedicinal plants in China. The two species have different clinical efficacies, while their extremely similar morphology and unclear interspecific relationship make it difficult to accurately identify them, leading to increased instances of mixed usage. This article reports on the complete chloroplast genomes sequence of these two species and their related Veronica species to conduct a comparative genomics analysis and phylogenetic construction. The results showed that the chloroplast (cp) genomes of Veronica exhibited typical circular quadripartite structures, with total lengths of 149,386 to 152,319 base pairs (bp), and GC content of 37.9 to 38.1%, and the number of genes was between 129–134. The total number of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in V. anagallis-aquatica and V. undulata is 37 and 36, while V. arvensis had the highest total number of 56, predominantly characterized by A/T single bases. The vast majority of long repeat sequence types are forward repeats and palindromic repeats. Selective Ka/Ks values showed that three genes were under positive selection. Sequence differences often occur in the non-coding regions of the large single-copy region (LSC) and small single-copy region (SSC), with the lowest sequence variation in the inverted repeat regions (IR). Seven highly variable regions (trnT-GGU-psbD, rps8-rpl16, trnQ-UUG, trnN-GUU-ndhF, petL, ycf3, and ycf1) were detected, which may be potential molecular markers for identifying V. anagallis-aquatica and V. undulata. The phylogenetic tree indicates that there is a close genetic relationship between the genera Veronica and Neopicrorhiza, and V. anagallis-aquatica and V. undulata are sister groups. The molecular clock analysis results indicate that the divergence time of Veronica may occur at ∼ 9.09 Ma, and the divergence time of these two species occurs at ∼ 0.48 Ma. It is speculated that climate change may be the cause of Veronica species diversity and promote the radiation of the genus. The chloroplast genome data of nine Veronica specie provides important insights into the characteristics and evolution of the chloroplast genome of this genus, as well as the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Veronica.
Pre-conceptional paternal diet impacts on offspring testosterone homoeostasis via epigenetic modulation of cyp19a1/aromatase activity
Authors: Pastore Arianna , Badolati Nadia , Manfrevola Francesco , Sagliocchi Serena , Laurenzi Valentina , Musto Giorgia , Porreca Veronica , Murolo Melania , Chioccarelli Teresa , Ciampaglia Roberto , Vellecco Valentina , Bucci Mariarosaria , Dentice Monica , Cobellis Gilda , Stornaiuolo Mariano
Published: June 2024

Paternal eating habits, before and at conception, have a strong impact on offspring future metabolism. By sending specific epigenetic signals through spermatozoa, paternal nutrition influences developing embryos and increases offspring risk of developing dysmetabolism and cardiovascular diseases. Among the intergenerational consequences, paternal epigenetic messages affect embryo DNA methylation altering programmed gene expression. The identification of offspring genetic loci that are epigenetically altered by paternal stimuli is of pivotal interest for timely post-natal treatment of offspring metabolic defects. We here use a murine model to show that, cyp19a1/aromatase, a gene coding for the cytochrome converting testosterone into 17-β estradiol (both potent hormonal mediators of embryo development and metabolism), is an epigenetic transducer of paternal intergenerational inheritance. By affecting cyp19a1 methylation status and alternative splicing, paternal diet coordinates androgens’ metabolism in the progeny affecting it in a sexually dimorphic way and promoting hypoandrogenism, growth retardation and diabetes in male pups.
Application of agrotechnical techniques in the reclamation of a solid waste landfill
Authors: Bulekova A.A. , Gabdullina A.E. , Murzashev T.K. , Bulekov T.A. , Gumarova Zh.M.
Published: June 2024

The work examined the existing solid waste landfill in the city of Uralsk with a total area of 36 hectares. In 2020-2022, a project for a new landfill was developed. Thus, our research proposed alternative solutions for the use of reclamation of the old solid waste landfill using technologies for cultivating perennial grasses. In the experiments, 100% (option 1) and 50% of the landfill body + 50% soil (option 2) were selected. The results of the experiment showed that in option 2, from the landfill body and soil (1:1), seed germination was higher than on samples from 100% of the landfill body. Among the components of perennial herbs, it is recommended to use a grass mixture (wheatgrass, hair grass and sainfoin).
The state of the main biological indicators of roach (Rutilus rutilus, Linnaeus, 1758) in the upper part of the Volga reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir
Authors: Kuznetsov Vladimir , Galanin Igor , Andreeva Tatyana , Smirnov Andrey , Pakina Anastasia
Published: June 2024

The size-age structure and weight of roach in catches in the autumn period of 2022-2023 are considered in the upper part of the Volga reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir. The correspondence of the biological indicators of roach to the characteristics inherent in the destabilization period of the ecosystem of the Kuibyshev reservoir was established.
Changes in the environmental condition of soil and plants under the influence of industrial enterprises (in the case of the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine)
Authors: Jobborov B.T. , Jabbarov Z.A. , Eshonkulov O.D. , Kamalova M.J. , Juraev H.N. , Qilichev Z.T.
Published: June 2024

This article provides information on soil pollution with heavy metals under the influence of industrial enterprises, the impact of waste on plants, the increase in environmental problems under the influence of industrial enterprises, and measures to prevent it. This article also provides information on environmental problems caused by the effects of heavy metals such as Cs, K, Ba, Ca, Ag, Au, Hf, Fe on changes in the ecological status of soil and plants and the processes taking place in man-made polluted soils is highlighted.
Analysis of soil composition in experimental areas where scientific research is conducted
Authors: Ismoilova H.D. , Eshdavlatova G.E.
Published: June 2024

According to this hydromodule, scientifically based irrigation regimes of cotton rotation crops for hydromodule districts were developed for the conditions of mountainous and desert regions of the region. It was determined that the specific mass of the soil of the first area is slightly heavier than that of the second area. Determination of water permeability of the soil in the experimental areas was carried out in the spring of the year when the experiment began.
Cascade method of wastewater treatment using various natural sorbents
Authors: Ovchinnikov Alexey , Bocharnikov Viktor , Bocharnikova Olesya , Denisova Maria , Kozinskaya Olga , Pustovalov Evgeny , Repenko Tatiana
Published: June 2024

In the presented paper the sorption properties of natural sorbents were studied. Quartz sand, activated carbon with a fraction of 0.3 mm and zeolite with a fraction of 0.75 mm were selected. Experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions, filtration was carried out through each of the presented sorbents, then chemical analysis was performed for residual concentration of chemical impurities in wastewater. There was also a comparison when filtering through each sorbent and cascade. The best result is filtering by cascade method, where the sorption of chemical impurities was more than 90%, which is a satisfactory result for compliance with sanitary norms.
Assessment of heavy metal contamination of soils in the Republic of Tatarstan using complex pollution indices NPI, RI, BGI
Authors: Salikhov Damir , Petrov Sergei , Shuralev Eduard
Published: June 2024

In this study, in most cases in soils susceptible to the accumulation of heavy metals, the highest content of heavy metals was observed in the surface layers of the soil profile. We calculated the values of three pollution indices based on the determination of individual heavy metals (Al, As, Cd, Pb, Sr) and pollutants (Cu, Co, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe, Mo, Ni) in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The overall degree of pollution and environmental risk assessment were carried out using complex indices NPI and RI. The possibility of accumulation of individual elements in soil horizons was determined using the iogeochemical index BGI. The content of heavy metals in the soils of the Republic of Tatarstan, such as As, Pb, Co, Cu, Fe in the soil horizons was several times higher than the natural content of these metals, which is confirmed by three calculated indicators, taking into account that the values obtained for the O horizon using NPI indices and RI are consistent with each other, and BGI is consistent for individual elements (As, Pb, Co, Cu, Fe, Cd, Cr, Mn and Mo).
Assessment of the using potential of water bodies clearance product – bottom sediments
Authors: Mezhevova Alina , Berestneva Yuliya , Belyaev Alexander
Published: June 2024

Assessment of the using potential of water bodies clearance product – bottom sediments was carried out. Bottom sediments from Peschanyj, Dudak, Dudachenok shallow channels located at Volga-Akhtuba floodplain were used for studies. Bottom sediment samples were dried to an air-dry state at room temperature for further studies. The area of bottom sediments application was selected based on the physicochemical properties and the degree of it contamination by heavy metals and pesticides. Bottom sediments from Peschanyj and Dudachenok shallow channels have fertilizing value and correspond to calcareous sapropel of 1 and 2 suitability classes, respectively. Such bottom sediments can be used for agricultural aims.
Plankton community’s production in the water area of the Volga-Kama Biosphere Reserve (Russia)
Authors: Stepanova Nadezhda , Kondratyeva Tatiana , Shevchuk Konstantin , Nikitin Oleg
Published: June 2024

The quantitative and production characteristics of planktonic community were assessed in the water area of the Volga Carbon Polygon (Saraly, Volzhsko-Kamsky State Nature Biosphere Reserve during the growing season of 2023. The Saralinsky section of Volga-Kama Reserve was characterized by high values of algae biomass, chlorophyll-a concentration and, accordingly, primary production of 110.6 ± 36.7 mgC/m3 and characterized this area as hypereutrophic. Zooplankton production was 120.2±48.0 kcal/m3/day or 12.0±4.8 mgC/m3. The values of the P/B coefficient of the zooplankton community varied from 17 to 69, and are determined mainly by the production of small rotifers and cladocerans. These values indicate the eutrophic state of studied area.
Copper Nanoparticles as a Prophylactic Agent in Aquaculture and Accumulation of Copper in Fish
Authors: Safonov Vladimir , Semyonov Sergey , Cvetkova Violetta
Published: June 2024

In this study, we evaluate the ability of fish to accumulate copper when using copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticles as a sanitation agent in bodies of water. For this purpose, we performed chemical–toxicological analysis of fish organs and tissues. The results showed that after treating the body of water with CuO at a concentration of 20 µg/L, copper concentration in fish tissues slightly increased and remained within the normal range. When determining toxicity limits, it was established that higher concentrations of CuO can be used with short-term exposure. The obtained data indicate the possibility of using CuO as a prophylactic agent in aquaculture.
Assessment of soil erosion from rainwater runoff within a small non arable catchment
Authors: Maltsev Kirill , Ivanov Maxim , Gajnutdinova Gulshat , Avvakumova Alina , Petrova Elena
Published: June 2024

The article represents the dynamics of erosion-accumulation processes within the test catchment of the Lena basin over two time periods (1985-1990; 2015-2019) from rainfall-runoff, studied using the WaTEM/SEDEM model. The estimate of soil loss from rainfall-runoff was obtained, taking into account the deposition of part of the eroded soil within the catchment. This is one of the first works that estimates the magnitude of soil erosion within a poorly crop developed catchment from rainwater runoff, taking into account the deposition. It was determined that the measured sediment yield from the test catchment decreased over the two studied periods. The decrease in runoff from the studied territory is explained by a decrease in the intensity of agricultural activity in the catchment, as well as the forest area increase and grassland area reduction.
Technological analysis of liquid waste parameters in treatment system for phosphorus production
Authors: Nezamaev Sergey , Shutova Daria , Bobkov Vladimir , Orekhov Vladimir
Published: June 2024

This study considers the problem of analyzing a complex hierarchical system of phosphorus production wastewater treatment, which is characterized by considering the process of sedimentation of elemental phosphorus sludge particles and mechanical impurities. The study presents a framework for decision-making on the purification of wastewater from phosphorus production, which is contaminated with toxic impurities and must meet sanitary norms. The framework considers the reagents introduced, as well as the increased mineralization of water, which cannot be discharged into the water body for ecological reasons. Instead, it is reused in production. It is demonstrated that for mechanical treatment of sewage from elemental phosphorus and suspended solids, as well as to improve sedimentation of particles, iron sulphate is used as a coagulant. The action of this coagulant is similar to that of sulphuric acid aluminum, which is widely used for water treatment. Thus, a complex engineering approach is presented for a complex system of phosphorus production wastewater treatment.
Fertilizer systems for detoxification of chernozem contaminated with heavy metals
Authors: Chernikova Olga , Mazhayskiy Yuri
Published: June 2024

On the podzolized chernozem, where the increased level of contamination with heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) was modeled, a certain dynamics of crop yields was observed. Mineral, organo-mineral and organic fertilizer systems in crop rotation were studied as a possibility of using detoxicants. The studied fertilizer systems increase the productivity of soil contaminated with heavy metals by 34 – 109%. The most effective fertilizer system (79.4 c/ha of feed units) turned out to be organo-mineral. When using only organic or mineral fertilizers, the efficiency decreased (27.9 – 55.5 c/ha of feed units) in relation to the control variant.
Reduction of the negative environmental impact of motor transport through the use of intelligent transport systems
Authors: Kirilchuk Iraida , Emelianov Ivan , Barkov Alexey , Morozova Valeria
Published: June 2024

The work investigates the anthropogenic impact of motor transport on the environment of urbanized areas, including emissions of pollutants into the air, noise and vibration effects. The efficiency of using intelligent transport systems (ITS) to solve various problems of the motor transport complex, including reduction of its negative environmental impact, is shown. The authors considered a local project of the intelligent transport system "Smart Road", implemented in the Kursk region. An assessment of the effectiveness of various ITS scenarios in terms of improving environmental performance on road sections and regulated intersections has been carried out. The following indicators of environmental safety have been studied: mass emission of pollutants contained in the exhaust gases of vehicles; noise level from traffic flow. A significant decrease in the emissions of pollutants from trucks at the site of ITS use has been established, as well as a decrease in the overall noise load from vehicles. At the same time, it is shown that there was no reduction in emissions from cars and minibuses. In this regard, it is proposed to develop scenarios for the functioning of ITS, ensuring the optimization of these types of vehicles.
Development of technology for producing phosphorus fertilizers enriched in microelements
Authors: Gumbatov M.O. , Shirinova D.B. , Cavadova X.A. , Bagirova N.N. , Huseynova M.A. , Abdullayeva K.S.
Published: June 2024

Literary and patent research was carried out on existing and developed new methods for producing phosphorus fertilizer enriched with microelements. Based on retrospective analyzes of known methods, a new universal technological scheme for the production of phosphorus fertilizers enriched with microelements - boron, molybdenum, manganese and other microelements - has been proposed. The developed technological scheme makes it possible to obtain phosphorus fertilizers enriched with microelements that meet the requirements of existing regulatory and technical standards and are distinguished by their versatility and environmental safety.
Innovative cultivator for cultivating soil and applying liquid fertilizers to reduce the use of irrigation water
Authors: Orazgylyjov Batyr , Atamuradova Gozel , Jumayev Kasym
Published: June 2024

In the course of these scientific studies, a cultivator of the KR 3-25 type was developed to stimulate the root system of cotton and apply liquid fertilizers to increase its yield. In the course of scientific work, liquid fertilizer was applied to the root system of cotton using a KR 3-25 cultivator; scientific research was carried out for 3 years. The effect on plant growth, yield and thirst was studied. As a result, this has led to an improvement in the underground balance of moisture and nutrients in the soil where the roots of the cotton plant are located, leading to significant savings in water consumption and an increase in cotton yield. This also helped reduce soil salinity. This paper presents the results of many years of scientific research on the effect of an innovative top-dressing cultivator on reducing water consumption and increasing crop yields.
Study of the chemical composition and feed value of pasture grass
Authors: Loskutova Galina , Alimzhanov Kenesh , Satayeva Zhuldyz , Zhaxybayeva Elmira , Zhakupov Murat
Published: June 2024

This study presents a comparative analysis of two distinct pasture grasslands, designated as No. 1 and No. 2, evaluating their nutritional and physicochemical properties based on content measured in naturally moist feed. The parameters assessed include dry matter, organic matter, moisture, crude ash, protein content, digestible protein, fats, fibers, carbohydrates (starch and sugars), carotene, and mineral content (calcium and phosphorus). Additionally, the study quantifies the metabolizable energy, energy feed units (EFU), and feed units to determine the overall nutritional value of the feeds.
Biochemical processes of Suaeda arcuate under in vitro conditions
Authors: Khalbekova Khulkar , Toshmuhamedova Shohista , Majidova Tanzila , Boratova Muxtasam , Fozilov Azamat
Published: June 2024

This article presents data on the introduction of in vitro culture and microclonal propagation of plants identified in the group of hyperhalophytes belonging to the species Suaeda arcuata Bunge. Biochemical changes in plants (carbohydrates accumulation), in a comparative aspect, in clones-regenerates of perspective halophytes are grown in nutrient medium with different salt concentrations and under natural growing conditions in drained bottom of the Aral Sea, for identifying their adaptation strategies, and the level of evolutionary development. This study was carried out to optimize the composition of nutrient media for the main stages of reproduction in vitro, as well as studies on the rooting and adaptation of regenerates for species of the genus Suaeda obtained from axillary or apical buds, but more often from stem segments with a node. In this work, hormones of the cytokine and auxin series, or a combination of them, were added to the nutrient environment for growth activation. The analyzing of microplants for the content of soluble in water B vitamins was carried out. As a result of the research, it was found that intact Suaeda arcuata plants in their natural habitats produce a large amount of soluble in water vitamins: riboflavin-0.062% and thiamine up to 0.006%. And in regenerated plants obtained on media without hormones, the content of vitamins was: B2 0.053%, B1 0%, respectively, and with a combination of 1/2 MS + 1 mg/l 6-BAP + 0.3 mg/l IAA + 2, 4-D, the content of vitamins varied as follows: riboflavin-0.059%, folic acid-0.030%, and thiamine was not detected. The cultivation of regenerates on the environment 1/2 MS + 1 mg/l 6-BAP + 0.3 mg/l IAA + 2,4-D showed the best effect on the growth of regenerants, created the possibility of obtaining the maximum amount of biomass and accumulation of B vitamins.
The impact of the grinding angle of the soil dredging tool on its performance
Authors: Khasanov U.I. , Rajabov Y.J. , Xudoydotov R.U. , Gafforova D.I.
Published: June 2024

This investigation explores the optimization of the backhoe blade's entry angle, addressing its crucial role in enhancing energy efficiency and operational effectiveness in subsoil manipulation - a fundamental aspect of agricultural tillage technologies. Utilizing an integrated approach that combines detailed field experiments with robust theoretical simulations, the study methodically quantifies the effects of angular variations on energy demands and mechanical performance during soil dredging. Our results reveal precise angular configurations that offer optimal reductions in energy use while significantly improving the disruption and aeration of the subsoil layer. This optimization contributes directly to the development of advanced, precision-engineered agricultural implements aimed at boosting sustainability and productivity in farming practices. Furthermore, the outcomes of this research provide pivotal insights into soil health management strategies, potentially influencing crop yield through improved root penetration and water absorption. These findings are expected to serve as a benchmark for future innovations in agricultural machinery design, aligning with global trends towards more sustainable agricultural practices and enhanced food security. This study sets a new standard for agricultural tool engineering, paving the way for transformative changes in the sector.
Operative and reasonable use of irrigation water in the environment of the Republic Karakalpakstan
Authors: Kurbanbaev Sagit , Turlibaev Zakir
Published: June 2024

The article presents scientific research, including complex water-saving measures when irrigating crops for the conditions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. On the irrigated territory of the farm, a demonstration site has been created in the complex, where various types of resource-saving technologies for irrigation and leaching of saline lands are tested and implemented. Taking into account the characteristics of this region, various types of irrigation of agricultural crops were tested at the scientific site, including the equipment and technology of furrow irrigation and irrigation with drip irrigation systems. When using various technologies, significant water savings were obtained compared to traditional irrigation, including: - the rate of land leaching was 2700 m3/ha, which is 850 m3/ha lower or 25% lower than the average value of the experimental indicators of previously carried out leaching; - the irrigation rate when using the drip irrigation system was 2793 m3/ha, while saving water resources by 35-44% than the rate with traditional irrigation. Based on the results obtained, recommendations for the introduction of irrigation technologies for the conditions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan were formed.
Effectiveness of herbicides against the volunteer plants of imidazolinone-resistant sunflower in oil flax sowings
Authors: Orekhov Gennady , Bushnev Alexander , Podlesny Sergei
Published: June 2024

In 2020-2021, we conducted research on the effect of herbicides on oil flax productivity and volunteer plants of imidazolinone-resistant sunflower in oil flax sowings. We used the contact herbicide Basagran, AS (a.i. bentazon, 480 g/l) and the systemic herbicides Tifi, WDG (a.i. thifensulfuron-methyl, 750 g/kg), Cleo, WDG (a.i. clopyralid, 750 g/kg), Magnum, WDG (a.i. metsulfuron-methyl, 600 g/kg), Zellek-super, EC (a.i. haloxyfop-P-methyl,104 g/l), Miura, EC (a.i. quizalofop-P-ethyl,125 g/l), Sekator Turbo, OD (a.i. amidosulfuron, 100 g/l + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, 25 g/l + mefenpyr-diethyl, 250 g/l). We evaluated the phytotoxicity of the herbicides on the volunteer plants using a 9-point EWRC scale. We found that the of Basagran, AS (4.0 l/ha) + Zellek-super, EC (1.0 l/ha) + Cleo, WDG (0.12 kg/ha) provides the effective control of the volunteer plants and contributes to the stable high indicators of oil flax productivity.
The influence of soil composition on the productivity of phytocenoses
Authors: Vasileva Tatyana , Ryabinina Zinaida
Published: June 2024

Soil factors play a decisive role in the formation of the species composition of plant communities in the steppe zone. The purposeof the research work was: a comprehensive assessment of the productivity of natural lands and agrocenoses. Field research was carried out in the Orenburg Urals region. It was established that the productivity of above-ground phytomass decreases from steppe areas - 2.38 t/ha to agrocenoses - 0.38 t/ha. In the steppe area, 89 plant species from 27 families were noted; in the forest belt - 59 species from 22 families; fallows - 28 species from 10 families, the agrocenosis is represented by 5 species from 4 families. When assessing soil fertility, the quantitative content of humus and basic plant nutrients: nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium, were important. The amount of humus in the soils of the steppe area at a depth of (0 -10 cm) is 0.77% and (30-40 cm) is 1.4%. The smallest amount of humus in the soils of the agrocenosis is at a depth of (0-10 cm) - 0.32% and (30-40 cm) - 0.36%. The heterogeneity of the content of mobile phosphorus was revealed, high values were noted in the soils of the agrocenosis at a depth (0-10 cm) - 51 mg/kg and the lowest values in the soils of the steppe area at a depth (30-40 cm) - 17.16 mg/kg. A significant content of mobile forms of potassium was noted in the forest belt at a soil depth (0-10 cm) - 761.1 mg/kg, the minimum parameters of the steppe area at a soil depth (30-40 cm) - 106.4 mg/kg. Microclimate, the amount of nutrients in the soil, and anthropogenic impact are the main indicators of the productivity formation of the phytocenosis of a particular tract.
Isolation and identification of Bacillus subtilis and its potential in biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: Narmukhamedova Mokhira , Khusanov Tokhir , Kadirova Gulchehra , Jumayorov Shukhrat , Kalandarova Madina
Published: June 2024

In the work, based on morphological, cultural, biochemical properties and on the basis of the 16S rRNA gene, a local strain of bacteria Bacillus subtilis TM was isolated from saline soils of the Fergana region of Uzbekistan. The strain was registered with NCBI under the number: OR944512.1. It was revealed that the strain Bacillus subtilis TM exhibits high antagonistic activity against the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus orchaceus, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorium, Alternaria tenuissima with an inhibition zone of 40-60 mm. At the same time, the B. subtilis TM strain showed moderate antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillium chrysogenium (with an inhibition zone of 22-23 mm) and relatively less antagonistic activity against Cladosporium sp (with an inhibition zone of 12 mm).
The feasibility of using combined soils in greenhouse conditions for growing Osteospermum
Authors: Lyavdanskaya Ol'ga , Bastaeva Galia , Nesvat Aleksandr , Altaev Alexander , Badmaev Andrey
Published: June 2024

Periodically recurring droughts, unstable atmospheric moisture, and elevated air temperatures in summer are characteristic of the Orenburg region, which is part of the South Ural region. Of great scientific and practical importance at the present stage is the creation of soils that are optimal in terms of physical and chemical composition, giving high production results. The article presents the results of experimental data on the use of combined soils in greenhouse conditions in the Orenburg region when growing ornamental plants Osteospermum, for the purpose of decorative landscaping in urban areas, as one of the promising flower crops. In laboratory conditions, when constructing the soil, its chemical composition was carried out before sowing ornamental crops and after transplanting plants into open ground, in order to analyze the needs of plants for the mineral component of the soil and the possibilities of its reuse (secondary) for enriching the open soil of flower beds in urban conditions.
Reaction of winter rye on top-dressing to nitrogen fertilization at different level of mobile phosphorus and potassium in the soil
Authors: Mudrykh Natalia
Published: June 2024

The article presents the results of assessing the effectiveness of methods for fertilizing winter rye with nitrogen, grown on soils with different levels of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium. The studies were carried out in field experiments located on sod-podzolic heavy loamy soil. It has been established that with an increase in the content of available phosphorus in the soil to a level of more than 250 mg/kg, it leads to a mathematically proven increase in the productivity of winter rye by 1.0 c/ha (tfact.(10.0) > tcrit.(2.0)) (C - here and below 1 center (c) = 100 kg center). An increase in the amount of mobile potassium in the soil (> 120 mg/kg) contributes to a significant decrease in grain yield by 18.1 c/ha (tfact.(19.9) > tcrit.(2.0)). The fertilizing carried out contributed to a mathematically proven increase in the productivity of winter rye by 1.0-2.3 c/ha (tfact.(10.7-13.1) > tcrit.(2.0)). On average, the local method of fertilizing, compared to the spreading method, provided a greater increase in grain yield relative to the control (2.3 c/ha).
Minced fish enriched with OMEGA-3 and OMEGA-6 for gerontological nutrition
Authors: Danilyuk Maria , Ishevsky Alexander , Naumova Anna
Published: June 2024

The article provides an overview of the use of secondary fish raw materials, namely trout trimming to increase content. The work shows an increase in the content of OMEGA-3 and OMEGA-6 in semi-finished fish products using trimming. The results of these studies showed that semi-finished fish products prepared from minced trout using minced trout trimmings can increase the content of OMEGA-3 and OMEGA-6 by more than 50% with the addition of 25% minced trout trimmings. The use of minced trout trimming makes it possible to reduce the cost of the finished product and make it more affordable for low-income groups of the population.
Possibilities of using economic mechanisms when organizing fruit and vegetable cooperatives
Authors: Fayziyeva Shirin , Samiyeva Gulnoza , Yuldosheva Shakhribonu
Published: June 2024

This scientific article analyzes the importance of using economic mechanisms for organizing fruit and vegetable cooperatives in the Republic of Uzbekistan, increasing the volume of fruit and vegetable production, productivity indicators globally and in the country, as well as increasing efficiency. Information on fruits and vegetables in the Kashkadarya region and districts was compared. Based on measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of the food program in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the article reflects the assigned tasks. The analysis also shows that cooperatives make a significant contribution to the regional economy in order to create jobs, develop socio-economic opportunities, and stimulate production growth. In particular, a plan of measures was recommended to ensure the competitiveness of fruits and vegetables grown in agriculture on world markets, which plans to further expand the scope of cooperation with foreign countries in the field of standardization of modern technologies, metrology and quality. Certification, introducing information to exporters about changes in foreign market conditions, promising markets, competitors, reducing the costs of transporting export goods through the development of international transport communications, producing innovative products that are competitive and scientific in all spheres of the economy, reducing transport costs through the introduction of standards, development transport and communication systems and the opening of new transport corridors, the introduction of quality control in accordance with the requirements of international standards, strengthening trade, economic and financial cooperation with foreign countries, export support from the state - introducing issues of further development of support mechanisms increases the significance of the article.
Evaluation of properties of biodegradable wood-polymer composite based on ozonized wood filler and polyhydroxybutyrate for application in agricultural industry
Authors: Anikeeva Ksenia , Safin Ruslan
Published: June 2024

The aim of this work is to develop a biodegradable planting container based on a wood-polymer composite made from polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and modified wood flour. To obtain a product with a given biodegradation rate, a filler is introduced into the polymer matrix in a ratio that provides the required mechanical strength. In the work were conducted experimental studies to determine the tensile strength and bending strength, impact toughness and a study to determine the rate of biodegradation of samples. The results of the studies showed that preliminary ozonization of wood flour allows to introduce into the composite up to 50% of wood filler from the total mass of the composition without loss of its mechanical properties.
Water bodies of former peat pits as the most important nesting sites for some species of Laridae in the center of European Russia
Authors: Bakka Sergey , Kiseleva Nadezhda , Lobov Pavel , Galustyan Olga , Shestakova Anna , Matveeva Anna
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we analyze the role of artificial water bodies in the former peat pits as habitats for gulls and terns based on long-term monitoring data in the Nizhny Novgorod oblast (area 76.624 km2), located in the center of European Russia. 3 regional censuses of Laridae were carried out in 1985-87, 1997, and 2006-2007. The monitoring of the largest colony of gulls in the region at the IBA Sitnikovski RU-185 was carried out in 1982, 1987, 1994, 1997, 2002, 2006, 2011 and 2023. It is shown that very large colonies of many species of Laridae, representing complexes of closely located colonies, have formed on the peat pits in the Nizhny Novgorod oblast. Peat pits are the most important nesting sites for Larus ridibundus, L. canus and L. argentatus in the central part of European Russia. In the Nizhny Novgorod oblast, more than 50% of the regional population of these species nests in these habitats. Monitoring only the Sitnikovski colony allows us to judge the trends in the numbers of most species of Laridae in the Nizhny Novgorod oblast at large. Based on extrapolation of population data at Sitniki peat pits we can calculate the approximate numbers of regional breeding populations of Larus minutus, L. ridibundus, L. canus and L. argentatus.
Effect of electrochemically activated aqueous solution on the yield of reducing agents during enzymatic hydrolysis of green buckwheat starch
Authors: Pogorelov Alexander , Suvorov Oleg , Alekseenko Elena , Fomenko Ivan
Published: June 2024

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of complex amylolytic preparations on green buckwheat starch in the environment of oxidized and reduced fractions of electrochemically activated solutions. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the effect of catholyte and anolyte obtained from tap water on the accumulation of reducing substances in the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of green buckwheat starch with the use of preparations AmyloLux ATS and Maltogenase 2X L. The practical significance of the work is related to the possibility of improving the technology of grain drinks or preparation of buckwheat malt in the production of gluten-free beer. It was found that enzymatic hydrolysis of green buckwheat starch with the use of complex amylolytic preparations proceeded most intensively when using the oxidized anodic fraction of electrochemically activated solutions. The level of reducing substances in the anolyte environment exceeded the analogous index in the samples based on water and catholyte by 1.2-1.3 times, already after 30 minutes and before the end of the process.
The state of agricultural lands in the Republic of Tyva (Russia)
Authors: Sambuu Anna , Nazhik Maadyr , Ondar Orlan
Published: June 2024

The paper analyzes the impact of the development of the Republic of Tuva on changes in agricultural land and arable land area. It is shown that despite the fact that animal husbandry was the leading branch of agriculture in the Tuvan People's Republic (1921-1944), crop production developed no less dynamically, the acreage in 1944 increased 4.3 times over 17 years. During the period of the Tuvan Autonomous Region (1945-1960), the area of agricultural land and cultivated forage lands increased by an order of magnitude. But the unjustified plowing of virgin and fallow lands in the 50s and 60s of the twentieth century led to erosion and destruction of soils, to the loss of more than a million hectares of agricultural land. During the period of the Tuvan ASSR (1961-1991), further growth of agricultural land and acreage was observed. At the same time, the largest area of grain crops was observed in 1980. Since the beginning of market reforms (1991), there has been a sharp decline in agricultural land and the area of sown crops. Currently, there is a positive trend in the development of the agricultural sector of the republic with a slight increase in agricultural land and acreage, but not reaching the 1980 crop.
Analysis of the bactericidal activity of honey
Authors: Lizunova Alla , Sankin Anton , Lyashchuk Yulia , Ovchinnikov Alexey , Samarin Gennady
Published: June 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the antibacterial properties of various types of honey. The authors conducted studies of the bactericidal activity of honey collected in different regions of Russia. Based on the research conducted, the authors drew conclusions about the prospects of using beekeeping products in the development of antimicrobial drugs and biologically active additives based on natural raw materials.
Determination of soya grain strength, reduction and loss in storage and processing
Authors: Prisyazhnaya I.M. , Prisyazhnaya S.P.
Published: June 2024

This scientific article analyzes, that with an increase in soybean production, an important role is given to reducing the loss of soybean grain per harvester and from crushing, when the plants are harvested, and post-harvest processing of grain in the production of reproductive seeds. The studied climatic conditions of the Amur region during the soybean harvesting period (October) are characterized by low precipitation and low relative air humidity, it helps dry the plants. Identified, that under these conditions, soybeans and grain are losing strength and, under the influence of the working bodies of motovil and reaper, beans are pulled off or uncovered and grain losses are noted, a threshing and separation devices (MSU) of a grain harvester crush grain when milled, resulting in crop losses. Formulated in the process of scientific research, that the tensile strength or destructive load of soybean kernels by grade at humidity 6,5% change from 13.03 before 29.02 kg. Knowing the destructive load for soybean grain, proposal for Action, prevent destructive modes of operation for the working organs of the threshing and transporting devices of the combine. Based on the reliably obtained regression equation, the response surface is represented, determining the force of the action of the working bodies of the combine in the function of the changing speed from 8.0 before 20 m/s, mass of grain from 0.15 before 0.35 g., which in the September variety increases to 10 N.
The effectiveness of the use of Organostim agrochemicals in cucumber cultivation technology
Authors: Chernysheva Natalya , Barchukova Alla , Tosunov Yanis , Arakelyan Nina
Published: June 2024

The paper considers the results of studying the effect of agrochemicals Organostim on the growth and production processes of cucumbers. The use of agrochemicals in cucumber cultivation technology by the Organostim contributed to the activation of growth processes, an increase in the leaf surface area and the formation of more cucumber fruits with better quality. The use of Organostim, a drug capable of suppressing oxidative processes, possessing homeostatic and fungistatic properties, made it possible to increase significantly the productivity of cucumber plants (yield increase was 34.9%) and significantly improve the quality of its fruits.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch in electrochemically activated aqueous solution
Authors: Pogorelov Alexander , Ipatova Larisa , Panait Artyom , Pogorelova Maria , Aliyev Rubin
Published: June 2024

In this work, the hydrolysis of starch in an enzyme solution was studied, where softened water or fractions of a metastable electrochemically activated aqueous solution (ECAS) were used as a solvent. Extracts obtained after hydrolysis of food starch grains were analyzed using optical density spectrometry of the sample and micro-weighing with a quartz resonator of the dry residue contained in an aqueous solution. It is shown that the enzyme solution on the reduced fraction of ECAS (catholyte) contains the least amount of extracted substances, but it contains the highest concentration of oligosaccharides. This fact may mean the presence of a more efficient cleavage by the enzyme of water-insoluble polysaccharides to low molecular weight derivatives in the medium of the electrolyte. As a result of this synergistic effect, a relatively high content of oligosaccharides is observed even at a low level of primary hydrolysis on the surface of the starch grain. This assumption was investigated on modified starch soluble in water. For the compared aqueous solutions of the enzyme preparation, which initially contain the same concentration of amylodextrins, faster hydrolysis is observed in the enzyme medium on softened water.
Analysis of agrotechnical indicators of the new the working body of the steam cultivator
Authors: Parkhomenko Galina , Kambulov Sergey , Bozhko Igor , Podlesniy Dmitriy , Neshcheret Nataliya , Vladimirova Tamara
Published: June 2024

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the work of a serial lancet paw with the proposed new working body of a steam cultivator through field research on the fields of the Donskoy Agricultural Scientific Center. Optimal modes and parameters of operation of proposed new working member are determined in comparison with serial working member of steam cultivator. The advantage of the new working element of the steam cultivator has been established in comparison with the standard lancet paw in terms of agrotechnical indicators.
Automated segmentation and quantification of retained austenite in AISI 4140 using image processing techniques
Authors: Ibrahim Zainab A. , Jabbar Murtadha Abbas , Saleh Nathera A.
Published: June 2024

The mechanical properties of a material directly influenced by its microstructural phases and chemical composition. This study aimed to identify and quantify the retained austenite in AISI 4140 steel, a microstructural phase that can impact component durability and dimensional stability. A special etchant with sodium metabisulfite was used successfully to reveal retained austenite in microscopic images, as revealing it using typical etchants almost impossible. Image processing techniques, including the KNN supervised machine learning algorithm and segmentation MATLAB function, were employed to quantify retained austenite, with results compared to manual point counting method and XRD tests. A sequence of metallurgical and heat treatment processes was conducted to create the microstructural image dataset. Results showed that the specimens with no retained austenite in XRD tests did not reveal any in the microscopic images also, with only four cases out of sixteen showed retained austenite presence. The comparison showed reasonable and relatively close percentages to those calculated from XRD tests, with a maximum 2.37% difference with the MATLAB function, 4.91% with the KNN algorithm, and 2.76% with the manual method. The results suggest the potential for using this approach to confirm retained austenite presence and estimate its fraction without the need for XRD testing.
(006) GENITAL VASCULAR RESISTANCE AS A PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ACCORDING TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE PROGETTO CUORE IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Maseroli E , Cipriani S , Cirillo M , Vignozzi L
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Gender disparity persists in the relationship between sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular risk (CV). It is well- known that erectile dysfunction (ED) represents a sign of subclinical CV pathology and that alterations in color Doppler penile ultrasound parameters serve as predictive markers of major CV events. Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a complex condition that involves psychological and organic components, including the cardiovascular system, and affects the quality of life of over a third of women. However, despite its high prevalence, little attention has been paid to the vascular system responsible for blood supply to the female genital apparatus. In men, the hypothesis of penile artery size is a proposed pathophysiological mechanism to address the relationship between the onset of ED symptoms and cardiovascular disease. In recent years, it has also been highlighted that compromised genital vascularization may be a precursor to cardiovascular diseases in women.

Objective

Our ami gas to investigate the association between clitoral pulsatility index (PI), evaluated through Clitoral color Doppler ultrasound (CDU), and cardiometabolic risk factors in women referred to the Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.

Methods

In an observational study, a total of 361 women with a mean age of 45.1 (±13.3) years were evaluated. All patients underwent a thorough medical history assessment, an evaluation of anthropometric parameters, blood sampling for measurement of metabolic and hormonal parameters and a Doppler ultrasound of the clitoral cavernous artery to measure the PI.

Results

23.5% of the patients were overweight and 11.6% were obese, 16.3% had hypertension, and 18.6% had metabolic syndrome. In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, the PI was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) (ß=0.160, p=0.003) and waist circumference (ß=0.186, p=0.002). Furthermore, all women underwent cardiovascular risk assessment, as indicated by Progetto CUORE, assigning a score based on the presence of risk factors (blood pressure, cholesterol levels, smoking, diabetes, age, gender) to estimate the absolute global cardiovascular risk over the next 10 years. We observed that, particularly in women of reproductive age, the clitoral PI was positively correlated with the Progetto CUORE score (r=0.136, p=0.035).

Conclusions

Clitoral PI increases in relation to several cardiometabolic risk factors. It is therefore relevant to understand how common cardiometabolic alterations may influence vascular function in the female genital tract and whether treating these alterations leads to an improvement in clitoral ultrasound indices, especially in young premenopausal women.

Disclosure

No.