bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting larger absorption cross-section in porphyrin dyes using DFT calculations
Authors: Yasin Amina , Jose Rajan , Yusoff Mashitah M.
Published: February 2016

Porphyrin macrocycles play an important role in designing of fluorophores with superior light harvesting properties similar to that of antennas in biological systems. In this paper, new Zn(II)porphyrin dyes were investigated to improve the performance of the YD2-o-C8 using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Effects of various substituted and anchoring groups on basic porphine and Zn(II)porphyrin derivatives were systematically studied at the B3LYP/LanL2DZ level. The absorption spectra of Zn(II)porphyrin derivatives bearing one, two and four anchoring groups in the meso-positions were also studied. The calculations showed that a molecule [5, 10, 15, 20-(4-carboxyphenylethynyl)porphyrinato]Zn(II) have large absorption cross-section than available in the existing porphyrin dyes. The results of these calculations would open up enormous possibilities to develop porphyrin dyes characterized by high absorption cross-section for various light harvesting applications.
Improving teaching skills: from interactive classroom to applicable knowledge
Authors: Vujovic Predrag
Published: February 2016

Making the transition from more traditional to more interactive lecturing can be successfully achieved by applying numerous teaching techniques. To use lecture time in the most efficient way, a lecturer should first instruct students to acquire basic knowledge before coming to class. Various in-class activities then can be used to help students develop higher thinking skills and gain better understanding of the studied material. These in-class activities can take many forms (multiple-choice questions of various complexities, compare-and-contrast tasks, quantitative and problem-solving tasks, questions dealing with interpretations of tables, graphs, and charts, etc.) and should be designed to help student integrate their knowledge, to facilitate communication among students, and at the same time to allow the lecturer to closely monitor the learning process as it happens in the classroom.
The Integrated Clinical Anatomy Program at Alfaisal University: an innovative model of teaching clinically applied functional anatomy in a hybrid curriculum
Authors: Yaqinuddin Ahmed , Ikram Muhammad Faisal , Zafar Muhammad , Eldin Nivin Sharaf , Mazhar Muhammad Atif , Qazi Sadia , Shaikh Aftab Ahmed , Obeidat Akef , Al-Kattan Khaled , Ganguly Paul
Published: February 2016

Anatomy has historically been a cornerstone in medical education regardless of specialty. It is essential for physicians to be able to perform a variety of tasks, including performing invasive procedures, examining radiological images, performing a physical examination of a patient, etc. Medical students have to be prepared for such tasks, and we can assist this by changing the way that we educate students in medical schools. Thus, newer medical curricula need to be designed according to needs of future physicians. In this report, we describe a unique program called the Integrated Clinical Anatomy Program (ICAP). The ICAP was developed at the College of Medicine of Alfaisal University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Here, we describe the unique features of this program, including the structure and facilities of the Anatomy Resource Center. The Anatomy Resource Center plays a pivotal role in engaging the students for faculty-directed structured laboratory sessions as well as peer-assisted uniform student-centered learning. The ICAP has shown great promise, as reflected by early results from a nationwide progress test. Students from all years of the Alfaisal University medical school scored significantly higher than the national average on the anatomy and physiology component of the nationwide progress test examination, with P values of 0.0179 and 0.0015, respectively. We believe that the ICAP can be used as a model for teaching clinically applied functional anatomy to medical students in a hybrid curriculum around the world.
The Breast–Thyroid Cancer Link: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Nielsen Sarah M. , White Michael G. , Hong Susan , Aschebrook-Kilfoy Briseis , Kaplan Edwin L. , Angelos Peter , Kulkarni Swati A. , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Grogan Raymon H.
Published: February 2016

Rates of thyroid cancer in women with a history of breast cancer are higher than expected. Similarly, rates of breast cancer in those with a history of thyroid cancer are increased. Explanations for these associations include detection bias, shared hormonal risk factors, treatment effect, and genetic susceptibility. With increasing numbers of breast and thyroid cancer survivors, clinicians should be particularly cognizant of this association. Here, we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature utilizing PubMed and Scopus search engines to identify all publications studying the incidence of breast cancer as a secondary malignancy following a diagnosis of thyroid cancer or thyroid cancer following a diagnosis of breast cancer. This demonstrated an increased risk of thyroid cancer as a secondary malignancy following breast cancer [OR = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.44–1.67] and an increased risk of breast cancer as a secondary malignancy following thyroid cancer (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.09–1.26). There is a clear increase in the odds of developing either thyroid or breast cancer as a secondary malignancy after diagnosis with the other. Here, we review this association and current hypothesis as to the cause of this correlation. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(2); 231–8. ©2016 AACR.
Notch1 Signaling Regulates the Aggressiveness of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Inhibits SERPINE1 Expression
Authors: Yu Xiao-Min , Jaskula-Sztul Renata , Georgen Maria R. , Aburjania Zviadi , Somnay Yash R. , Leverson Glen , Sippel Rebecca S. , Lloyd Ricardo V. , Johnson Brian P. , Chen Herbert
Published: February 2016

Purpose: Notch1, a transmembrane receptor, has been recently shown to aid in the determination of thyroid cell fate associated with tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of Notch1 and its role in the regulation of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) behavior.

Experimental Design: We examined Notch1 expression level and its relationship with clinicopathologic features and outcomes of DTC. Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) was further characterized both in vitro and in vivo by gain-of-function assays using an inducible system.

Results: Notch1 expression levels were downregulated in primary DTC tissue samples compared with contralateral nontumor and benign thyroid tissues. Decreased Notch1 expression in DTC was associated with advanced patient age (P = 0.032) and the presence of extrathyroidal invasion (P = 0.005). Patients with lower Notch1 expression had a significantly higher recurrence rate (P = 0.038). Restoration of NICD in a stably doxycycline-inducible metastatic DTC cell line reduced cell growth and migration profoundly. Using an orthotopic thyroid cancer model, NICD induction significantly reduced the growth of the primary thyroid tumor and inhibited the development of lung metastasis. Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1 (SERPINE1) was discovered by microarray as the most significant gene downregulated by NICD. Further validation showed that the induction of NICD reduced SERPINE1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, whereas restoration of a relative higher level of SERPINE1 was observed with NICD back to minimal level. In addition, SERPINE1 knock-down inhibited DTC cell migration.

Conclusions: Notch1 regulates the aggressive phenotypes of DTC, which could be mediated by SERPINE1 inhibition. Notch1/SERPINE1 axis warrants further investigation as a novel therapeutic target for advanced DTC. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3582–92. ©2016 AACR.
Impact of Genes Highly Correlated with MMSET Myeloma on the Survival of Non-MMSET Myeloma Patients
Authors: Wu S. Peter , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Ahn Inhye E. , Mailankody Sham , Sonneveld Pieter , van Duin Mark , Munshi Nikhil C. , Walker Brian A. , Morgan Gareth , Landgren Ola
Published: February 2016

Purpose: The poor prognosis of multiple myeloma with t(4;14) is driven by the fusion of genes encoding multiple myeloma SET domain (MMSET) and immunoglobulin heavy chain. Specific genes affected by MMSET and their clinical implications in non-MMSET myeloma remain undetermined.

Experimental Design: We obtained gene expression profiles of 1,032 newly diagnosed myeloma patients enrolled in Total Therapy 2, Total Therapy 3, Myeloma IX, and HOVON65-GMMGHD4 trials and 156 patients from Multiple Myeloma Resource Collection. Probes that correlated most with MMSET myeloma were selected on the basis of a multivariable linear regression and Bonferroni correction and refined on the basis of the strength of association with survival in non-MMSET patients.

Results: Ten MMSET-like probes were associated with poor survival in non-MMSET myeloma. Non-MMSET myeloma patients in the highest quartile of the 10-gene signature (MMSET-like myeloma) had 5-year overall survival similar to that of MMSET myeloma [highest quartile vs. lowest quartile HR = 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5–2.8 in MMSET-like myeloma; HR = 2.3; 95% CI, 1.6–3.3 in MMSET myeloma]. Analyses of MMSET-like gene signature suggested the involvement of p53 and MYC pathways.

Conclusions: MMSET-like gene signature captures a subset of high-risk myeloma patients underrepresented by conventional risk stratification platforms and defines a distinct biologic subtype. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4039–44. ©2016 AACR.
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Can Be Driven by MYB or MYBL1 Rearrangements: New Insights into MYB and Tumor Biology
Authors: Gonda Thomas J. , Ramsay Robert G.
Published: February 2016

Summary: A majority of adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCC)—rare tumors of the salivary gland and some other organs—have recently been found to be driven by chromosomal translocations resulting in MYB–NFIB fusions. Brayer and colleagues and Mitani and colleagues have now reported that AdCCs can alternatively be driven by similar rearrangements involving a second MYB family gene, MYBL1, and that these two drivers act in remarkably similar ways. Cancer Discov; 6(2); 125–7. ©2016 AACR.

See related article by Brayer et al., p. 176.
Expression of 58-kD Microspherule Protein (MSP58) is Highly Correlated with PET Imaging of Tumor Malignancy and Cell Proliferation in Glioma Patients
Authors: Lin Wei , Dai Shu-hui , Chen Tao , Kawai Nobuyuki , Miyake Keisuke , Okada Masaki , Haba Reiji , Yamamoto Yuka , Tamiya Takashi , Fei Zhou
Published: February 2016

Background/Aims: The nucleolar 58-kDa microspherule protein (MSP58) has important transcriptional regulation functions and plays a crucial role in the tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) has emerged as a promising positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for evaluating tumor malignancy and cell proliferation. Methods: In the present study, the expression of MSP58 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the corresponding PET image was examined using FLT-PET in 55 patients with various grades of gliomas. Results: The immunoreactivity score (IRS) of MSP58 increased with tumor grade with grade IV gliomas exhibiting the highest expression and showed a highly significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index (r = 0.65, P < 0.001). The IRS of MSP58 in the tumor showed a highly significant positive correlation with corresponding FLT uptake value (r = 0.61, P < 0.001). The correlation between MSP58 expression and glioma malignancy was also confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR and western blot analysis. FLT uptake value also exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index (r = 0.59, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that MSP58 expression has a significant prognostic ability for the overall survival time similar to that found in the uptake value of FLT-PET. Conclusion: These results indicate that MSP58 plays an important role in cell proliferation and will be one of the potential candidates of molecular therapy targeting proliferation. FLT-PET might be used as an early measure of treatment response in the proliferation-targeted therapy.
Hiatal Hernia as a Total Gastrectomy Complication
Authors: do Nascimento Santos Bruna , Belotto de Oliveira Marcos , D'Alpino Peixoto Renata
Published: February 2016

Introduction: According to the Brazilian National Institute of Cancer, gastric cancer is the third leading cause of death among men and the fifth among women in Brazil. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment. The most serious complications associated with surgery are fistulas and dehiscence of the jejunal-esophageal anastomosis. Hiatal hernia refers to herniation of elements of the abdominal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm, though this occurrence is rarely reported as a complication in gastrectomy. Case Report: A 76-year-old man was diagnosed with intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. He underwent a total laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy on May 19, 2015. The pathology revealed a pT4pN3 gastric adenocarcinoma. The patient became clinically stable and was discharged 10 days after surgery. He was subsequently started on adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy; however, 9 days after the second cycle, he was brought to the emergency room with nausea and severe epigastric pain. A CT scan revealed a hiatal hernia with signs of strangulation. The patient underwent emergent repair of the hernia and suffered no postoperative complications. He was discharged from the hospital 9 days after surgery. Conclusion: Hiatal hernia is not well documented, and its occurrence in the context of gastrectomy is an infrequent complication.
Effect of Omega-3 and Vitamins E + C Supplements on the Concentration of Serum B-Vitamins and Plasma Redox Aminothiol Antioxidant Status in Elderly Men after Strength Training for Three Months
Authors: Stea Tonje Holte , Stølevik Solvor B. , Berntsen Sveinung , Ezzathkah Bastani Nasser , Paulsen Gøran , Lohne Seiler Hilde , Hetlelid Ken J. , Blomhoff Rune , Mansoor Mohammad Azam
Published: February 2016

Background: Data on redox plasma aminothiol status in individuals on strength training are very limited. Therefore, we studied the effect of omega-3 and vitamins E + C supplementation on the concentration of B-vitamins and redox aminothiol status in elderly men after strength training for 3 months. Methods: Healthy men, age 60 ± 6 (mean ± SD) were randomly divided into 3 groups: group I received placebo (n = 17), group II consumed omega-3 (700 mg, n = 17), and group III consumed vitamins E + C (235 mg +1 g, n = 16) daily for 3 months. All participants completed a strength training program for the same period. Results: The concentration of serum vitamin B12 decreased and the concentration of serum folate increased in group I after the intervention (p = 0.01, p = 0.009). The concentration of plasma 5-pyridoxal phosphate decreased in groups II and III (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01), whereas the concentration of serum uric acid decreased only in group II (p = 0.02). We detected an increase in the concentration of reduced form of aminothiols in all groups (p < 0.001). The red/ox plasma aminothiol status was significantly changed in all groups after the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Omega-3 and vitamins E + C supplementation affect the concentrations of serum B-vitamins and redox plasma aminothiol status in healthy elderly men on strength training.
Simple Technique for Transvaginal Aspiration of a Tubo-Ovarian Abscess
Authors: Lachiewicz Mark P. , Nair Navya
Published: February 2016

Large tubo-ovarian abscesses (TOAs) usually require drainage or operative management in addition to antibiotics. All previous reports of transvaginal aspiration have been described utilizing a needle/biopsy guidance system, which may not be available to many obstetrician/gynecologists. We present a simple technique for transvaginal drainage of large TOAs using a long angiocath needle under transabdominal ultrasound guidance in a patient in whom percutaneous drainage and operative management were not ideal options. This is the first report about the use of this technique. Our patient has recovered fully and remains free of infection 10 months later. Providers should consider this technique when other modalities are not available, are of questionable benefit, or present high potential for additional complications.
The Antitumor Effect of DYC-279 on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells
Authors: Junyan Piao , Shujuan Yan , Shulin Gao , Yan Chen , Xia Xu
Published: February 2016

DYC-279 is a newly synthesized compound. In this study, we revealed that DYC-279 could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner using the CCK-8 test. FACS showed that DYC-279 induced a G2/M arrest and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot demonstrated that DYC-279-induced G2/M arrest effect was correlated with the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity, including a concomitant downregulation of cyclinD1 and cdc2 and upregulation of cyclinB1 in HepG2 cells. DYC-279 also significantly increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and stimulated the released of cytochrome c into cytosol and also activated caspase-9 and caspase-3, suggesting DYC-279 induced apoptosis via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. These data support that DYC-279 has anticancer properties in HepG2 cells and may be used as a novel effective reagent in the treatment of human liver cancer.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase-2 Inhibition Protects Against Development of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rahtu-Korpela Lea , Määttä Jenni , Dimova Elitsa Y. , Hörkkö Sohvi , Gylling Helena , Walkinshaw Gail , Hakkola Jukka , Kivirikko Kari I. , Myllyharju Johanna , Serpi Raisa , Koivunen Peppi
Published: February 2016

Objective—

Small-molecule hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase (HIF-P4H) inhibitors are being explored in clinical studies for the treatment of anemia. HIF-P4H-2 (also known as PHD2 or EglN1) inhibition improves glucose and lipid metabolism and protects against obesity and metabolic dysfunction. We studied here whether HIF-P4H-2 inhibition could also protect against atherosclerosis.

Approach and Results—

Atherosclerosis development was studied in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor–deficient mice treated with an oral HIF-P4H inhibitor, FG-4497, and in HIF-P4H-2-hypomorphic/C699Y-LDL receptor–mutant mice, all mice being fed a high-fat diet. FG-4497 administration to LDL receptor–deficient mice reduced the area of atherosclerotic plaques by ≈50% when compared with vehicle-treated controls and also reduced their weight gain, insulin resistance, liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) weights, adipocyte size, number of inflammation-associated WAT macrophage aggregates and the high-fat diet–induced increases in serum cholesterol levels. The levels of atherosclerosis-protecting circulating autoantibodies against copper-oxidized LDL were increased. The decrease in atherosclerotic plaque areas correlated with the reductions in weight, serum cholesterol levels, and WAT macrophage aggregates and the autoantibody increase. FG-4497 treatment stabilized HIF-1α and HIF-2α and altered the expression of glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation-associated genes in liver and WAT. The HIF-P4H-2-hypomorphic/C699Y-LDL receptor–mutant mice likewise had a ≈50% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque areas, reduced WAT macrophage aggregate numbers, and increased autoantibodies against oxidized LDL, but did not have reduced serum cholesterol levels.

Conclusions—

HIF-P4H-2 inhibition may be a novel strategy for protecting against the development of atherosclerosis. The mechanisms involve beneficial modulation of the serum lipid profile and innate immune system and reduced inflammation.
Nonpsychotic Mental Disorders in Teenage Males and Risk of Early Stroke
Authors: Åberg Maria A.I. , Torén Kjell , Nilsson Michael , Henriksson Malin , Kuhn H. Georg , Nyberg Jenny , Rosengren Annika , Åberg N. David , Waern Margda
Published: February 2016

Background and Purpose—

Although the incidence of stroke is on the decline worldwide, this is not the case for early stroke. We aimed to determine whether nonpsychotic mental disorder at the age of 18 years is a risk factor for early stroke, and if adolescent cardiovascular fitness and intelligence quotient might attenuate the risk.

Method—

Population-based Swedish cohort study of conscripts (n=1 163 845) who enlisted during 1968 to 2005. At conscription, 45 064 males were diagnosed with nonpsychotic mental disorder. Risk of stroke during follow-up (5–42 years) was calculated with Cox proportional hazards models. Objective baseline measures of fitness and cognition were included in the models in a second set of analyses.

Results—

There were 7770 first-time stroke events. In adjusted models, increased risk for stroke was observed in men diagnosed with depressive/neurotic disorders (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11–1.37), personality disorders (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.29–1.78), and alcohol/substance use disorders (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.41–1.83) at conscription. Corresponding figures for fatal stroke were HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.79; HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.60 to 3.19; and HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.63 to 2.96. HRs for stroke were attenuated when fitness level and intelligence quotient were introduced. Associations remained significant for personality disorders and alcohol/substance use in the fully adjusted models. The interaction term was statistically significant for fitness but not for intelligence quotient.

Conclusions—

Our findings suggest that fitness may modify associations between nonpsychotic disorders and stroke. It remains to be clarified whether interventions designed to improve fitness in mentally ill youth can influence future risk of early stroke.
A revision of the extra-Andean Vivianiaceae
Authors: Ferreira João Paulo Ramos , Hassemer Gustavo , Campestrini Sérgio , Weigend Maximilian , Trevisan Rafael
Published: February 2016

The extra-Andean species of Vivianiaceae are here reviewed. We examine the morphological circumscription of Viviania albiflora (=Caesarea albiflora), evaluating all synonyms listed for this species. Although V. albiflora is a highly polymorphic species, especially regarding leaf morphology, a detailed morphological analysis leads us to conclude that V. linostigma, previously considered as one of its synonyms, needs to be accepted as a species. We noticed that the two species could be reliably differentiated by a trait such as tetramerous flowers for V. linostigma versus pentamerous flowers for V. albiflora. We present the other morphological characters and distribution differences that distinguish it from V. albiflora. All known synonyms of V. albiflora as well as V. linostigma along with the types lost at B herbarium are lectotypfied. An identification key, descriptions, illustrations and lists of synonyms are presented.
Three new species of Russulaceae from India based on morphology and molecular phylogeny
Authors: Latha K. P. Deepna , Raj K. N. Anil , Farook V. Adnaan , Sharafudheen Shahina A. , Parambil Neeraja K. , Manimohan Patinjareveettil
Published: February 2016

Three new species of Russulaceae, Lactifluus umbonatus and Lactifluus indicus belonging to Lf. subg. Gerardii and Lactarius keralensis belonging to L. subg. Piperites, are described from Kerala State, India. Comprehensive descriptions, photographs, line drawings and comparisons with phenetically similar and phylogenetically related species are given. Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the three species were sequenced and analyzed. In addition, nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nLSU) gene of Lactifluus indicus was sequenced and the sequence was used in BLASTn search to find similar sequences. Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on the ITS sequences confirmed both the novelty of these species and their placement within their respective genera. The discovery of Lactifluus umbonatus and Lf. indicus represent the first report of novel species belonging to Lf. subg. Gerardii from India. Lactifluus indicus represents the second record of a pleurotoid Lactifluus species from India.
Simulating Climate Change Impacts and Adaptive Measures for Rice Cultivation in Hunan Province, China
Authors: Li Yamei , Wu Wenxiang , Ge Quansheng , Zhou Yang , Xu Chenchen
Published: February 2016

Climate change will inevitably continue for the next few decades and will have an impact on climate-sensitive agricultural production, emphasizing the need to design effective adaptive strategies to cope with climate risk or take advantage of potential climatic benefits. In this study, the latest version of the Crop Environment Resource Synthesis-Rice (CERES-Rice) model was applied to assess the impacts of climate change and carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization on rice yield, as well as the effectiveness of two popularly adopted adaptive measures in Hunan Province, the main rice-production location in China. The simulation spanned 30 years of baseline (1981–2010) as well as three future periods (2011–40, 2041–70, and 2071–99) with climate data generated by five general circulation models under the newly developed representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. The simulation results showed that, in comparison with average rice yield during the baseline (1981–2010), the ensemble-average yield of all cultivars during the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s would decrease under both RCPs without CO2 fertilization effects. The ensemble-average yield reduction during the 2080s was alleviated under both RCPs if CO2 fertilization effects were accounted for. Adaptation simulations indicated that two adaptive measures (switching cultivars and changing planting dates) could mitigate the adverse effect to different extents. The intermodel variability under both RCPs was generally small. These findings may provide useful insight into the potential impacts of climate change on rice yield and effective adaptive measures to mitigate the adverse effect of future climate change in Hunan Province.
Chronic fatigue syndrome: Comparing outcomes in White British and Black and minority ethnic patients after cognitive–behavioural therapy
Authors: Ingman Tom , Ali Sheila , Bhui Kamaldeep , Chalder Trudie
Published: February 2016

Background

Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is one of the most promising treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It is unclear whether CBT is effective for Black and minority ethnic (BME) groups.

Aims

To assess the effectiveness of CBT in BME patients compared with White British patients presenting to a specialist CFS service.

Method

Data from 67 (19.0%) BME participants and 285 (81.0%) White British participants referred to a specialist CFS service in the UK were collected at baseline and after CBT treatment.

Results

Pairwise comparisons revealed that both BME participants and White British participants significantly improved on measures of fatigue severity (P<0.001), physical functioning (P<0.001) and work/social adjustment (P<0.001). Independent samples t-tests showed that BME participants improved despite exhibiting significantly higher baseline damage beliefs (P = 0.009), catastrophising (P = 0.024), all-or-nothing behaviour (P = 0.036) and avoidance/resting behaviour (P = 0.001), compared with White British participants.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this study is the first to indicate that CBT is effective for treating CFS in a group of patients from diverse BME backgrounds.
Program Approach in Energy Sector’s Technological Platforms Development (by the Example of " Russian Intellectual Power System" Technological Platform)
Authors: Яковлева  , Yakovleva Anna , Яремчук  , Yaremchuk R.
Published: February 2016

The analysis of features related to implementation of "Intellectual Power

System of Russia" technological platform development program is

presented in this paper. Possibilities for adaptation of program approach

for technological platform development have been investigated. Specific

conditions of context and relationship inside the program have been

considered. Recommendations on program implementation directions have

been offered.
Prognostic factors for patients with skeletal metastases from carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Stevenson J. D. , McNair M. , Cribb G. L. , Cool W. P.
Published: February 2016

Aims

Surgical intervention in patients with bone metastases from breast cancer is dependent on the estimated survival of the patient. The purpose of this paper was to identify factors that would predict survival so that specific decisions could be made in terms of surgical (or non-surgical) management.

Methods

The records of 113 consecutive patients (112 women) with metastatic breast cancer were analysed for clinical, radiological, serological and surgical outcomes. Their median age was 61 years (interquartile range 29 to 90) and the median duration of follow-up was 1.6 years (standard deviation (sd) 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0 to 5.9). The cumulative one- and five-year rates of survival were 68% and 16% (95% Cl 60 to 77 and 95% CI 10 to 26, respectively).

Results

Linear discriminant analysis identified a ‘quadruple A’ predictor of survival by reclassifying the sum of the albumin, adjusted calcium, alkaline phosphatase and age covariates each multiplied by a determined factor. The accuracy of this ‘quadruple A’ predictor was 90% with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 88%. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed an area under the curve of 79%. Survival analysis for this ‘quadruple A’ predictor (<  = one or > one year survival) was statistically significant using the log rank test (p = 0.0004) and Cox proportional hazard (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed the 'quadruple A' predictor to be the only independent predictor of survival (p = 0.01).

Discussion

The 'quadruple A' predictor, together with other positive predictors of survival, can be used by oncologists, orthopaedic and breast surgeons to estimate survival and therefore guide management. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:266–70.
Is a questionnaire and radiograph-based follow-up model for patients with primary hip and knee arthroplasty a viable alternative to traditional regular outpatient follow-up clinic?
Authors: Kingsbury S. R. , Dube B. , Thomas C. M. , Conaghan P. G. , Stone M. H.
Published: February 2016

Aims

Increasing demand for total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) and associated follow-up has placed huge demands on orthopaedic services. Feasible follow-up mechanisms are therefore essential.

Methods

We conducted an audit of clinical follow-up decision-making for THA/TKA based on questionnaire/radiograph review compared with local practice of Arthroplasty Care Practitioner (ACP)-led outpatient follow-up. In all 599 patients attending an ACP-led THA/TKA follow-up clinic had a pelvic/knee radiograph, completed a pain/function questionnaire and were reviewed by an ACP. An experienced orthopaedic surgeon reviewed the same radiographs and questionnaires, without patient contact or knowledge of the ACP’s decision. Each pathway classified patients into: urgent review, annual monitoring, routine follow-up or discharge.

Results

In total, 401 hip and 198 knee patients were included. There was substantial agreement between the ACP and surgeon for both hip (kappa = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62 to 0.76) and knee (kappa = 0.81, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.88). Positive agreement was very high for discharge and routine follow-up; however the ACP was more likely to select annual monitoring and the surgeon urgent review.

Discussion

Review of the questionnaire/radiograph together identified all patients in need of increased surveillance, with good agreement for on-going patient management. However, review of the radiograph or questionnaire alone missed some patients with potential problems. A radiograph in conjunction with a questionnaire as a review may represent a cost effective THA/TKA follow-up mechanism. Take home message: A questionnaire and radiograph-based remote review may represent a cost-effective total joint arthroplasty follow-up mechanism; thereby reducing the considerable burden that follow-up currently places on the NHS. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:201–8.
Bonneville Salt Flats: This place
Authors: Worden Jessica
Published: February 2016

Utilizing multiple narratives to move in and out of a critical reading of Among the Salt Flats, a performance score written by the author in 2014, this article explores the different modes by which a performance writing practice generates multiplicities of place. The disruptive characteristics of performance jar the perceived fixed temporalities and locations of writing. These disruptions in the time and place of writing invite new proximities to the page which in turn recuperate the distance of representation. This article rewrites the disrupted linguistic geographies of Among the Salt Flats, focussing on the destabilizing force of this form on linearity and represents it through a text that moves between critical writing, image and first-person narrative.

We drive out to the Bonneville Salt Flats in my brother’s car. I sit in the passenger’s seat and we talk; I never learned how to drive. I look out the window at the flat-lying desert, endless and uniform in tone, shape and texture. The air outside parches the earth. From inside the car, I lick at the cracks in my lip that resemble the only breaks in the monotony of the ground. As we come closer to our destination, the landscape transforms into frozen greyish rifts and waves. We take the car out over the crust, park and proceed on foot past the warning signs.
Place, space and self: Site-responsive art in a globalized world
Authors: Williams Jeni
Published: February 2016

Site-specific art grows out of a rejection of the enlightenment models of production and exhibition. The degradation of place and memory that accompanies globalization suggests a rationale for the increasing contemporary concern with site-specific and site-responsive artwork which is discussed in the first half of the article. A detailed reading of an installation, Anima/Animus, by artist collective Wilson-Eflerová (WE), which took place with Winchester Cathedral in 2013 follows as an example. The value of this work is seen as lying in its ability to assert connections between self and other that have been imagined in other times. The medieval statutory that seeded WE’s piece was created during the 1220s as part of a movement towards more realist representational styles and serves as a pre-enlightenment model for an embodied and interconnected world. A world that relies on a very different value system to those of a global market, and one that had from the start appealed on many different levels to a range of interpretive communities and which continues to do so in the present.
Skin Deep: Race, Bias, and Fallacy in Terry Teachout’s Ellington Biography
Authors: James Stephen
Published: February 2016

A review of the work of writer Terry Teachout, especially the biography Duke: A Life of Duke Ellington, by Ellington's nephew.
Out of the Ordinary: Andrew Hill's "Verona Rag"
Authors: Lovell Jeffrey
Published: February 2016

In 1986, the adventurous and accomplished jazz pianist Andrew Hill (1937–2007) presented his composition “Verona Rag,” based loosely within the traditional ragtime idiom. Through close analysis of Hill’s studio recording, the author explains how this composition is “an exemplary illustration of Hill’s ability to extend and transform a bygone style and place his indelible mark upon it.” Background on Hill’s career and influences is provided, and an appendix includes a complete transcription of the piece.
Monk Trio: A Sequence of Sonnets
Authors: Haywood Mark
Published: February 2016

Poet Mark Haywood presents three sonnets that explore the life and music of Thelonious Monk, the great jazz pianist and composer.
"Harlem Air Shaft": A True Programmatic Composition?
Authors: Green Edward
Published: February 2016

In 1944, Duke Ellington told a writer from The New Yorker that his composition “Harlem Air Shaft,” recorded four years earlier, was inspired by the myriad sounds heard in the air shaft of a Harlem apartment building (“You hear fights, you smell dinner, you hear people making love…”). Many scholars have contended that Ellington invented this “storyline” after the composition was written. This article addresses the authenticity of “Harlem Air Shaft” as programmatic music. The author finds ample evidence—from unpublished manuscripts, unissued radio broadcasts, analysis of arranging devices and compositional design, and other Ellington testimony—that Ellington did indeed have the sounds and smells of a Harlem air shaft in mind as he wrote the composition.
Jazz Research Bibliography (2009-2010)
Authors: Desmeules Robin
Published: February 2016

This bibliography compiles articles of interest in jazz music scholarship that were published in 2009 or 2010 and appeared in journals not specifically dedicated to jazz study.
An Approach to Phrase Rhythm in Jazz
Authors: Love Stefan
Published: February 2016

In jazz improvisation, the meter of the original theme is strictly preserved, and the middleground harmonies are maintained, while the original melody is varied freely, especially with respect to its grouping structure—where phrases begin and end. This poses problems for theories of phrase rhythm that rely on a tonal definition of the phrase. In this paper, I propose a new approach to jazz phrase rhythm. First, I divide a melody into segments on the basis of four criteria. Then I classify each segment on the basis of its relationship to the meter and to surrounding segments. The result is a hierarchy of metrically defined phrases. Phrase rhythm consonance and dissonance are the alignment or misalignment of phrases with the meter. Skilled soloists manipulate phrase rhythm as they would any other element of a solo. I conclude with an ambiguous example, to demonstrate how phrase-rhythm analysis can present competing interpretations of the same passage.
The Duke At Fargo: Liner notes from Storyville CD
Authors: Kuebler Annie
Published: February 2016

As a tribute to Annie Kuebler's enduring legacy to jazz studies, the Journal of Jazz Studies presents her insightful liner notes to the CD set "The Duke at Fargo 1940: Special 60th Anniversary Edition." These notes from Storyville STCD 8317/17 were reprinted by permission of Storyville Records.
Review of Norman Granz: The Man Who Used Jazz for Justice by Tad Hershorn
Authors: DeVeaux Scott
Published: February 2016

Book Review of Tad Hershorn's 2011 biography of Norman Granz.
Was Bix Beiderbecke Poisoned by the Federal Government?
Authors: Sandke Randall
Published: February 2016

Explores the government's strategy to eradicate alchohol consumption in the United States by adding poisonous compounds to render it undrinkable and how these efforts affected Bix Beiderbecke, perhaps precipitating his physical decline and early death
Słowo wstępne: Czym są i czym nie są naukowe badania szkolnictwa wyższego
Authors: Kwiek Marek
Published: February 2016

Wstęp do numeru "Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego"
O niemożliwości zaistnienia kapitalistycznych rynków w szkolnictwie wyższym
Authors: Marginson Simon
Published: February 2016

Przez ponad dwie dekady rządy na całym świecie, ukierunkowane na realizację polityki wywodzącej się z anglojęzycznej sfery politycznej, dostosowywały podległe sobie systemy szkolnictwa wyższego do podręcznikowych przykładów postaci rynków. Reformy, w ramach których zachodziły te procesy, obejmowały korporatyzację, wprowadzanie konkurencyjnych mechanizmów finansowania, opłat dla studentów, standaryzacji wyników pracy oraz raportowania jej efektów. Niemniej żaden z krajów nie stworzył autentycznych mechanizmów gospodarki rynkowej w ramach kształcenia krajowych studentów na pierwszym stopniu. Żaden uniwersytet badawczy nie jest kierowany przez interesariuszy, napędzany motywem zysku, zwiększeniem udziału w rynku, efektywnością alokacji zasobów ani nie uważa, by praca odbywająca się w jego ramach przybierała formę towarową. Rynkowo określane czesne funkcjonuje jedynie w odniesieniu do niektórych form kształcenia zawodowego i kształcenia studentów zagranicznych. Podczas gdy zaostrzanie się konkurencji, przedsiębiorczość czy mówienie o konsumentach dominuje w szkolnictwie wyższym, kapitalizm nie jest istotną częścią jego krajobrazu. Co najwyżej mamy do czynienia z quasi-rynkami, jak w przypadku Wielkiej Brytanii po reformach Browne’a. Sytuacja ta różni się od doświadczeń wielu krajów w zakresie prywatyzacji i komercjalizacji transportu, sieci komunikacyjnych, radia i telewizji czy ubezpieczeń zdrowotnych. W niniejszym artykule twierdzę, że autentyczna reforma rynkowa w szkolnictwie wyższym skrępowana jest przez ograniczenia wpisane w istotę tego sektora (dobra publiczne, konkurencja o status) oraz polityczne czynniki powiązane z tymi ograniczeniami. Sugeruję tym samym, że reforma rynkowa jest utopią, a jej abstrakcyjne wyobrażenie podtrzymywane jest ze względów politycznych, które nie są związane z sektorem (np. ograniczeń fiskalnych, potrzeby państwowej kontroli czy porządkowania treści sektora). Jeśli jednak kapitalistyczne rynki są czymś nieosiągalnym w szkolnictwie wyższym, to potrzebujemy bardziej realnego planu modernizacji.
Poza uniwersytet-fabrykę. Warunki funkcjonowania „transnarodowego stowarzyszenia kapitałów” w szkolnictwie wyższym
Authors: Szadkowski Krystian
Published: February 2016

W krytycznych badaniach nad szkolnictwem wyższym dużo miejsca w ostatnim czasie poświęcono dyskusji nad – bardziej retoryczną niż analityczną – figurą uniwersytetu jako fabryki. W założeniu miał być to sposób na skupienie niczym w soczewce wszystkich negatywnych zmian odczuwanych przez kadrę akademicką, a związanych ze współczesnymi transformacjami instytucji uniwersytetu. W rzeczywistości jednak przyczyniło się to przede wszystkim do hipostazowania mechanizmów właściwych dla prywatnych przedsiębiorstw na warunki pracy w uczelniach publicznych, uniemożliwiając wyjaśnienie zachodzących w nich procesów. W niniejszym artykule zaproponowano bardziej systemowe ujęcie stosunków zawiązywanych między kapitałem a pracą w krajobrazie szkolnictwa wyższego. W tym celu wprowadzono i skontekstualizowano figurę transnarodowego stowarzyszenia kapitałów. Nacisk został położony na analizę jednej z jego frakcji, mianowicie kapitału handlowego, rozumianego jako oligopolistyczne transnarodowe wydawnictwa naukowe. W artykule ukazano podstawowe warunki funkcjonowania tej frakcji, wiążąc je z rozwojem globalnych rankingów uniwersytetów, a także wykorzystano narzędzia oferowane przez postoperaizm, w celu ukazania relacji zawiązywanej przez kapitał handlowy z pracą akademicką jako ogólnej postaci relacji między kapitałem a pracą biopolityczną, w której kluczową funkcję pełni zdolność kapitału do ustanawiania ram pomiaru.
Autonomia a rozliczalność – polskie wyzwania
Authors: Rybkowski Radosław
Published: February 2016

W XXI wieku uczelnie, zwłaszcza publiczne, muszą konkurować o ograniczone zasoby finansowe. Z tego względu swoboda ich działania musiała zostać poddana społecznej i administracyjnej kontroli, tak by władze publiczne i społeczeństwo miały pewność co do właściwego wydatkowania finansów publicznych. Jednocześnie odrzucana jest koncepcja nadmiernej bezpośredniej ingerencji, która podważyłaby zasadę autonomii uczelni. Artykuł stanowi przegląd różnych prób pogodzenia autonomii i wymogów roliczalności. Rozwiązania i koncepcje opracowane w europejskich systemach szkolnictwa wyższego stanowią także punkt wyjścia analizy relacji pomiędzy autonomią a rozliczalnością w Polsce.
3. The Impact of Ante- and Post-Mortem Factors on the Incidence of Pork Defective Meat – A Review
Authors: Sionek Barbara , Przybylski Wiesław
Published: February 2016

The occurrence of defective meat depends on factors affecting meat quality at the various stages of meat production. Defective meat has a broad definition and includes any property of meat that will dissatisfy end-users. For consumers the main meat quality features are colour, taste and texture (tenderness and juiciness). For processors and butchers very important are technological quality features: water holding capacity, pH, content of connective tissue, fat and protein. The functionality of defective meat is limited. The risk of incidence of defective meat is a result of the combination of ante-mortem and post-mortem factors. The ante-mortem factors are linked with the procedure at the lairage, the slaughtering factors, such as the method of stunning, and the post-mortem factors, including processing of meat carcasses. The ante-mortem factors such as genotype, gender, breeding conditions, nutrition, transport conditions, stress, weather conditions and the methods of slaughter are considered of primary importance for the quality of pork. It is estimated that 40% of meat defects are due to the procedure at the lairage. The impact of stressors causes a loss of weight of the pigs, contributes, in extreme cases, to the death of porkers, increases the risk of incidence of defective meat. Mixing animals from different herds is the cause of stress which leads to aggression and fights between animals. Limiting the stress factors is essential for improving the quality of pork. The applied stunning method affects the quality of meat. Physical stress during electrical stunning is associated with risk of an accelerated post-mortem glycolysis, contributing to the rapid decrease in pH. In comparison with the electrical method, stunning with carbon dioxide causes less stress in swine. In order to reduce the occurrence of defective meat, bleeding should be carried out as soon as possible directly after stunning. Deterioration of the quality of meat in the production chain can occur at any stage and is most often associated with the lack of compliance with the standards. The studies on the improvement of livestock breeding, transport and marketing carried out over a number of years contributed to the introduction of international standards and, consequently, to the reduction of quality and quantity losses in pork.
The Process of Managing a Destination in Lower and Upper Austria
Authors: Bobková Markéta
Published: February 2016

The focus of the submitted article is to introduce the findings of author’s research in the area of destination management process conducted in the developed (Alpine) tourist destinations in the year of 2014. The theoretical part based on a literature review summarizes current knowledge dealing with the destination management process in terms of approaches and research findings. Problems influencing either positively or negatively this process, e.g. financing, legislation or cooperation among stakeholders are also defined. The practical application part includes an analysis of model destinations in Lower Austria and Upper Austria and presents the results of qualitative research conducted in these destinations. The collected information can be used to design methods leading to the improvement of the destination management process in tourist less developed destinations.