bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT PACKAGING AND STORAGE TIME ON PHISYCOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND COLOR OF RED WINES
Authors: Kojić Nebojša , Jakobek Lidija
Published: August 2021

Packaging and storage time are very important factors that can significantly affect the physicochemical properties of wine and wine quality. The aim of this study was to investigate physicochemical properties and color of wine packed in three different packaging materials (glass, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and multilayer containers), during the storage period of one year (3, 6, 9 and 12 months). The results showed that during the period of one year, total SO2, free SO2 and oxygen amount decreased, while other properties of wine were constant. Color changed during one year of storage too (yellow color, color intensity and hue increased, while red and blue percentage decreased). In glass and PET containers those changes were less pronounced.
MIGRATION OF MICROELEMENTS AND HEAVY METALS IN THE SYSTEM «SOIL - PLANT - PLANT-BASED PRODUCTS»
Authors: Senchenko Marina , Pozdnyakova Vera Pozdnyakova , Stepanova Marina , Olenchuk Elena
Published: August 2021

In Russia, raw materials of plant origin are used in the production of national beverages and food products. Many plots for the cultivated crops are located near urbanized areas, oil refineries, and machine-building plants. The research focuses on determining the concentration of heavy metals in soil in urbanized and rural areas. The content and transition of heavy metals to rhubarb and its processed product - kvass produced by various technologies have been identified as well. The purpose of this study is to determine the content of certain trace elements and heavy metals in soil, rhubarb, and its processed product - kvass made in different ways. The level of copper and lead in soil in rural areas has been found to be considerably higher than in the city. The concentration of cadmium and zinc is higher in the urbanized area. In the soils of rural and urbanized areas, the concentration of all the metals studied is sure to be higher than in the background levels. This indicates that soil contamination is caused not only by natural presence of elements but anthropogenic pollution as well. In analysis of transition and character of trace element accumulation in a soil-plant system, there is a strong link between the level of Pb, Cd in the soil and a plant (r = 0.81 and 0.71; respectively). In analysis of transition and character of trace element accumulation in a soil-plant system, there is a strong link between the level of Pb, Cd in the soil and a plant (r = 0.81 and 0.71; respectively). In the course of the study we found a symbateness between the content of trace elements in the soil and rhubarb: a reliable very strong, close to functional, direct link between the level of Zn, Pb and Cu (r = 0.97; 0.90 and 0.67, respectively; at р <0.05). When studying the cross-environments transition of trace elements from soil to plants, a significant direct weak bond was established only for Cu (r = 0.31), Zn (r = 0.33) and Pb (r = 0.35). In the raw material-product system, there is a reliable symbateness between the level of metal in kvass and the concentration in vegetable crops in terms of Zn (r = 0.32), Cu (r = 0.46) and Cd (r = 0.38). No other reliably significant links have been established. Plant material produced according to organic production principles and the processing technology we’ve developed contribute to both the least impact on its constituent parts and the increased macro- and microelements content, the content of toxic elements remaining within the limits of the existing regulatory documents.
IMPACTS OF THE USE OF GLUTEN-FREE CEREALS AND SPICES ON THE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF BEER
Authors: Orhotohwo Oghenetega Lois , Czipa Nikolett , Kovács Béla , Alexa Loránd
Published: August 2021

The focus of this study was to examine the brewing performance quality attributes of wort and beer produced entirely from such combinations at various quantities. The physiochemical characteristics of the different gluten-free beer with and without the addition of ginger in comparison to barley-based beers was also examined. In this study, three different types of gluten-free cereals (oat, rice and corn) were used in the production of pale beer. Freshly grated ginger was added to some of the produced beer samples prior to maturation. This was compared to the beer samples produced using barley malt and also with an addition of ginger. For this, the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, color intensity, bitter acid content, and selected mineral content have been evaluated.
The final product presented the bitter acid content of oat + rice beer with the highest amount among all the individual beer samples analyzed; In the Flavonoid content, the control sample beer was higher than all the other individual beer samples and the TPC showed a similar pattern. Concerning the mineral level present, potassium and phosphorus was seen to possess the highest concentration respectively in the beer samples. In addition, the oat beer has the highest amount in sodium, calcium and sulphur respectively while magnesium was highest in control + ginger beer.
The chemometric approach shows that the gluten free beer produced with and without ginger displayed several traits from the control samples. The cereal blends show some promising attributes as an adjunct for beer brewing.
INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT AND ULTRASOUND ON THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL, PHENOLIC CONTENT, AND STRUCTURAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PEAR JAM ENRICHED WITH FIBERS
Authors: Manev Zdravko , Petkova Nadezhda
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultraviolet light and ultrasound on the antioxidant activity and rheological properties of pear fruit jam. The antioxidant potential of fruit jam was determined by three methods based on different mechanisms (DPPH ABTS and CUPRAC assays) in six samples treated with ultrasonic waves and ultraviolet light. The antioxidant activity and the content of total phenols were preserved to the greatest extent during the irradiation of the fruit jam with ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 254 nm for a certain time. Ultrasound irradiation reduces the antioxidant activity and lowers the content of total phenols to a greater extent than the ultraviolet light. In addition, seven types of rheological parameters were determined on the pear fruit jam by a texture analyzer and their changes during processing with ultraviolet light and ultrasound was studied. Ultraviolet light demonstrated a smaller reducing effect on the rheological parameters of the fruit jam compared to ultrasonic irradiation. From the obtained results, the irradiation with ultraviolet light should be considered as a better technique for treatment of pear jam with minor changes in the antioxidant potential, phenolic content, and structural mechanical properties of the final product.
REVIEW OF HERBAL MEDICINE AS A NATURAL GIFT AND PROPER RIFLE TO OVERCOME PATHOGENIC INFECTIONS
Authors: Shariati Mohammad Ali , Zakabunina Elena , Ermolaev Vladimir , Ilmushkin Alexey , Sepiashvili Ekaterina , Simonova Vera , Okhramenko Sergey , Ponomareva Lilya , Bratishko Natalia , Maksyutov Ruslan , Melnikova Elena , Konovalov Viktor , Klimov Viktor , Ntsefong Godswill Ntsomboh
Published: August 2021

Plants are used for several purposes in different industries like pharmacy, food, cosmetic etc. Some of them like spices have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties due to their capacity to produce secondary metabolites. In recent decade, the emergence of novel diseases, epidemics, and even pandemics along with the ability of a large group of pathogens to adapt against available antibiotics have caused scientists to explore natural and new sources of antimicrobial agents. These natural antimicrobial compounds are broadly used to design innovative drugs, in particular for those pathogenic strains that have been resistant to existing antibiotics in market. This review represents some of the recent findings on the antimicrobial activities of medicinal herbs.
Influence of Blood Pressure Percentile Reporting on the Recognition of Elevated Blood Pressures
Authors: Pollack Ari H. , Hanevold Coral , Onchiri Frankline , Flynn Joseph T.
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES

To explore the impact of displaying blood pressure (BP) percentiles with BP readings in the electronic health record (EHR) on the recognition of children with elevated blood pressures (EBPs).

METHODS

This was a retrospective cohort study of children (ages 1–17), including inpatients and outpatients, with at least 1 EHR noninvasive BP recording. In phase 1, BP percentiles were calculated, stored, and not displayed to clinicians. In phase 2, percentiles were displayed adjacent to the EHR BP. Encounters with 1 BP ≥95th percentile were classified as elevated. EBP recognition required the presence of at least 1 EBP-related International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision or International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code. We compared recognition frequencies across phases with logistic regression.

RESULTS

In total, 45 504 patients in 115 060 encounters were included. Inpatient recognition was 4.1% (238 of 5572) in phase 1 and 5.5% (338 of 5839) in phase 2. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) associated with the intervention was 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90–1.66). Outpatient recognition rates were 8.0% (1096 of 13 725 EBP encounters) in phase 1 and 9.7% (1442 of 14 811 encounters) in phase 2. The adjusted OR was 1.296 (95% CI: 0.999–1.681). Overall, recognition rates were higher in boys (outpatient OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.15–1.98) and older children (outpatient/inpatient OR: 1.08/1.08; 95% CI: 1.05–1.11/1.05–1.11) and lower for those on a surgical service (outpatient/inpatient: OR: 0.41/0.38; 95% CI: 0.30–0.58/0.27–0.52).

CONCLUSIONS

Addition of BP percentiles to the EHR did not significantly change EBP recognition as measured by the addition of an EBP diagnosis code. Girls, younger children, and patients followed on a surgical service were less likely to have their EBP recognized by providers.
Differential Impact of Home Nurse Contact After Discharge by Financial Strain, Primary Care Access, and Medical Complexity
Authors: Auger Katherine A. , Sucharew Heidi J. , Simmons Jeffrey M. , Shah Samir S. , Kahn Robert S. , Beck Andrew F.
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

The Hospital to Home Outcomes (H2O) trials examined the effectiveness of postdischarge nurse support on reuse after pediatric discharge. Unexpectedly, children randomly assigned to a nurse visit had higher rates of reuse than those in the control group. Participants in randomized control trials are heterogeneous. Thus, it is possible that the effect of the intervention differed across subgroups (ie, heterogeneity of treatment effect [HTE]). We sought to determine if different subgroups responded differently to the interventions.

METHODS

The H2O trial is a randomized controlled trial comparing standard hospital discharge processes with a nurse home visit within 96 hours of discharge. The second trial, H2O II, was similar, except the tested intervention was a postdischarge nurse phone call. For the purposes of the HTE analyses, we examined our primary trial outcome measure: a composite of unplanned 30-day acute health care reuse (unplanned readmission or emergency department or urgent care visit). We identified subgroups of interest before the trials related to (1) financial strain, (2) primary care access, (3) insurance, and (4) medical complexity. We used logistic regression modeling with an interaction term between subgroup and treatment group (intervention or control).

RESULTS

For the phone call trial (H2O II), financial strain significantly modified the effect of the intervention such that the subgroup of children with high financial strain who received the intervention experienced more reuse than their control counterparts.

CONCLUSIONS

In HTE analyses of 2 randomized controlled trials, only financial strain significantly modified the nurse phone call. A family’s financial resources may affect the utility of postdischarge support.
Varicella Admissions in Children and Adolescents in Portugal: 2000–2015
Authors: Fontoura-Matias José , Moreira Raquel Sofia , Reis-Melo Ana , Freitas Alberto , Azevedo Inês
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES

Varicella is a common, usually benign, and autolimited disease in children but can lead to severe complications and hospitalization. With this study, we aim to analyze all varicella hospitalizations to provide epidemiological information to help outline preventive policies.

METHODS

We assessed all varicella hospitalizations in children aged 0 to 17 years, from 2000 to 2015, in mainland, public Portuguese hospitals using a Portuguese administrative database. Seasonality, geographic distribution, severity, complications, risk factors, use of diagnostic and treatment procedures and hospitalization costs were analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 5120 hospitalizations were registered, with an annual rate of 17.3 hospitalizations per 100 000 inhabitants. A higher number of hospitalizations occurred during the summer period and in Southern regions. The median length of stay was of 4 days (interquartile range: 3.0–7.0). We found a high rate of severe complications, mostly dermatologic (19.6%), neurologic (6.0%), and respiratory (5.1%). Of the total number of patients, 0.8% were immunocompromised and 0.1% were pregnant. Total direct hospitalization costs during the 16-year period were estimated to be 7 110 719€ (8 603 970 USD), with a mean annual cost of 444 419.92€ (537 748.10 USD).

CONCULSIONS

This is the first national study in which useful epidemiological data to evaluate the burden and impact of varicella in Portugal is provided.
Intravenous Magnesium and Hospital Outcomes in Children Hospitalized With Asthma
Authors: Antoon James W. , Hall Matt , Mittal Vineeta , Parikh Kavita , Morse Rustin B. , Teufel Ronald J. , Hogan Alexander H. , Shah Samir S. , Kenyon Chén C.
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Use of intravenous magnesium (IVMg) for childhood asthma exacerbations has increased significantly in the last decade. Emergency department administration of IVMg has been shown to reduce asthma hospitalization, yet most children receiving IVMg in the emergency department are subsequently hospitalized. Our objective with the study was to examine hospital outcomes of children given IVMg for asthma exacerbations.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Pediatric Health Information System. We used propensity score matching to compare children who received IVMg on the first day of hospitalization with those who did not. Primary outcomes were initiation and duration of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Secondary outcomes included mechanical ventilation (MV) initiation, duration of MV, length of stay, and subsequent tertiary medication use. Primary analysis was restricted to children admitted to nonintensive care inpatient units.

RESULTS

Overall, 91 309 hospitalizations met inclusion criteria. IVMg was administered in 25 882 (28.4%) children. After propensity score matching, IVMg was not significantly associated with lower initiation (adjusted odds ratio 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74-1.05) or shorter duration of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (rate ratio 0.94; 95% CI 0.87–1.02). Similarly, no significant associations were seen for MV initiation, MV duration, or length of stay. IVMg was associated with lower subsequent tertiary medication use (adjusted odds ratio 0.66; 95% CI 0.60–0.72). However, the association was lost when ipratropium was removed from the tertiary medication definition.

CONCLUSIONS

IVMg administration was not significantly associated with improved hospital outcomes. Further study is needed to inform the optimal indications and timing of magnesium use during hospitalization.
Marijuana Use during Pregnancy and Lactation and Long-term Outcomes
Authors: Narendran Nadia , Yusuf Karman
Published: August 2021

Recent surveys have shown increased use of marijuana during the perinatal period, possibly linked to increased legalization in many countries. Available information on the association between marijuana exposure and the effects on growth and development, as well as brain structure and function of the fetus, is growing but has not been uniform. Interpretation of these data is often challenging because of the influence of confounding factors and the sociodemographic variabilities in the study subjects. In this review, we present a synthesis of current information on the epidemiology and effects of marijuana use during pregnancy and evaluate the evidence for the immediate and long-term effects on affected neonates. We also describe the current knowledge and implications of breastfeeding and marijuana use and summarize selected current references about this practice. Finally, we provide the rationale for additional biological and population-based investigations to determine the various fetal outcomes of in-utero marijuana exposure that may assist in the establishment of prevention measures and applicable public health policies in the future.
Adolescent Gynecology in the Office Setting
Authors: Rastogi Radhika , Rome Ellen S.
Published: August 2021

Ensuring open communication, partnership with patient and parent, and clarification of confidentiality during an adolescent gynecologic visit helps establish an environment in which a history and physical examination can be performed safely and with a focus on prevention, recognition of disease, and treatment as necessary. The history should include the menstrual status and gynecologic review of systems. The examination should document Tanner staging (sexual maturity rating) and be otherwise symptom guided. Similarly, testing in the office is largely risk and symptom related. Contraceptive counseling is an important component of the office visit, as well. Long and short curricula for teaching pediatric and adolescent gynecology have been developed by the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology and are readily available for use. (1)(2) Although state-based variation in consent and confidentiality exists, pediatric practices should aim to protect patient confidentiality and transition to more independent health-care decision making.
Tratamiento de sodas gastadas sulfhídricas
Authors: Fierro Franco Alejandro , León Flórez José Guillermo , Rodríguez González Javier , Conde Cotes Alfonso
Published: August 2021

Una solución práctica a un problema de contaminación, en el cual se cumplen más de los objetivos previstos ya que la “soda gastada” se puede reutilizar en varias plantas. Para este fin se realizó una caracterización de las “sodas gastadas sulfhídricas” y tres tratamientos a nivel de laboratorio y planta piloto: neutralización, aireación catalizada y oxidación catalizada.
¿Dónde está la basura que no se recoge?
Authors: Collazos P. Héctor , Sánchez T. José Alcides
Published: August 2021

Se presenta el problema de las ciudades que no recogen sus basuras, por ejemplo una población de 300.000 habitantes produciría residuos sólidos que a 1 metro de altura, en una calle de 10 metros de ancho, ocuparían 50 metros lineales en un día, que equivale a 228 cuadras al año. La naturaleza actúa a favor del ambiente; si un hombre de 80 kilos muere, su cuerpo después de descomponerse ocupa un volumen de 2 x 10-3 m3, pero el excedente se convierte en gases malolientes, en líquidos con alta demanda de oxígeno y en sólidos inertes. Los autores calculan que cada tonelada de basura colombiana se convierte en 115 kg de materia residual inerte; 180 litros de lixiviados que contaminan el suelo, el aire y las aguas y 644 kg de gases, en su mayoría compuestos de CH4 y CO2.
Estudio teórico-experimental del reencendido
Authors: Torres Sánchez Horacio
Published: August 2021

El fenómeno transitorio del reencendido es un problema puramente dieléctrico. Cuando un circuito de potencia es maniobrado por un seccionador, sólo puede fluir una corriente despreciable, no superior a 0.5 amperios. Sin embargo, en subestaciones capsuladas aisladas en SF6, debido al fenómeno de reencendido, aparecen, durante tiempos muy cortos, altas corrientes y sobretensiones. El presente trabajo muestra análisis y resultados de este fenómeno, con base en mediciones de laboratorio en el Instituto de Alta Tensión de la Universidad Técnica de Darmstadt (Alemania Federal) en un seccionador aislado en SF6, mediciones en el Laboratorio de Alta Tensión de la U.N.-Bogotá sobre un circuito equivalente de un seccionador aislado en aire y un programa digital desarrollado por el autor, con base en el método de Dommel.
Prácticas de alta tensión para fines didácticos en ingeniería
Authors: Román Campos Francisco
Published: August 2021

Se condensan en este artículo algunas ideas acerca de las posibles prácticas de alta tensión que pueden ser implementadas en la carrera de Ingeniería Eléctrica, con el fin de dar cumplimiento a sus objetivos instruccionales. Se presentan doce prácticas docentes que pueden ir implementándose poco a poco, de acuerdo a los desarrollos que semestre a semestre se logren en este campo. Se incluye para cada práctica docente el objetivo general, el montaje básico y los circuitos de medida y algunos comentarios acerca de las partes que pueden ser construidas localmente. La inspiración fundamental de este trabajo es la certeza de que la construcción y dotación de casi la totalidad de los dispositivos puede hacerse con ayuda de las empresas locales de electricidad, los fabricantes de equipo y los profesores con estudiantes, mediante la dirección de proyectos de grado.   Las ideas expresadas en este artículo son fruto de las experiencias adquiridas en los laboratorios de alta tensión de las universidades Nacional de Bogotá y Fridericiana de Karlsruhe, dentro de los programas del Grupo de Investigación en alta tensión —GIAT— de la Universidad Nacional.
Laboratorio de accionamientos eléctricos
Authors: Suárez Florez Luis
Published: August 2021

Se hace la presentación de unas Prácticas de Laboratorio para el curso de Accionamientos Eléctricos con el siguiente ordenamiento: primero se justifica la incorporación de las prácticas en el Plan de Estudios, luego se hacen algunas anotaciones de carácter general, finalmente se plantean los objetivos y se hacen comentarios sobre el tratamiento metodológico y científico-técnico de cada una de las prácticas.
Hacia un plan de estudios dinámico en Ingeniería Eléctrica
Authors: Olarte Caro Luis Alberto
Published: August 2021

Aunque la síntesis que se presenta en estas páginas resume parte del trabajo adelantado por el Comité Asesor de Carrera, algunos de los planteamientos expuestos y los matices dados a otros, son de la responsabilidad particular de quien escribe. El propósito es dar a conocer los elementos básicos que permitirían configurar una propuesta para la actualización del plan de estudios y las posibilidades de una evaluación continua. Un plan de estudios se origina en la caracterización de una profesión y del ejercicio que de ella se haga. Entre más concreta y precisa resulte esta caracterización, mayor será la razón de ser de esta profesión, pues le da una identidad sólida y permanente. La definición profesional se logra mediante el denominado perfil profesional, que describe los niveles de competencia y el ámbito del ejercicio profesional. Para la revisión del plan de estudios, el Comité ha tenido como documento de trabajo el “Modelo para diseño y evaluación curricular” del Ingeniero Luis Alfonso Díaz, profesor de la U.I.S.
Necesidad de introducir la dimensión ambiental en las ingenierías
Authors: Vidart Daniel , Leyva Pablo , Bernal Jorge Ricardo
Published: August 2021

Innumerables problemas ambientales han surgido en los países latinoamericanos en el empeño de lograr su crecimiento y desarrollo. Sería injusto responsabilizar únicamente a los ingenieros por el deterioro de la calidad ambiental, puesto que los problemas específicos creados no solo tienen su origen en la aplicación de la técnica sino en el complejo sistema económico y socio-político de estas naciones. La segunda revolución industrial ha traído como consecuencia la obsolescencia de los programas clásicos de formación de los ingenieros, principalmente en lo relacionado con la protección del ambiente. De modo que toda actualización de los planes de estudio de las ingenierías deberá incluir la dimensión ambiental. Al respecto, se proponen algunas acciones concretas para ser ejecutadas por las escuelas de ingeniería y por organismos internacionales especializados.
Diseño de filtros activos
Authors: Dockx Andrés Maria
Published: August 2021

Nuestro desconocimiento respecto a nosotros y a las cosas que nos rodean no proviene tanto de una dificultad de obtener la información, sino de la poca precisión o de su escasez. Ello se debe, en cambio, a la enorme abundancia y a la confusión de nociones que la humanidad ha acumulado en el transcurso del tiempo. En relación con los filtros activos se han publicado numerosos artículos dispersos en varias revistas y cada autor usa un enfoque personal. En el presente artículo se trata de encontrar una línea común al introducir una variable normalizada y algunas formas canónicas.
Criterios de diseño con tolerancia de daño-prevención de fallas catastróficas
Authors: Hernández A. Héctor
Published: August 2021

Como una tercera etapa, en el grupo de investigación “Tratamientos Termoquímicos de los Aceros” se ha venido trabajando en la optimización del tratamiento térmico con criterio de tolerancia de daño en aceros de construcción de elementos de máquinas. En este artículo apoyándose en unos primeros resultados experimentales y en conceptos de mecánica de fractura se describen recomendaciones de diseño con tolerancia de daño y se muestra cómo en la selección de un acero y de su tratamiento térmico se debe hacer un cuidadoso balance de resistencia-tenacidad de fractura de acuerdo a un riesgo de falla aceptable.
Diseño, construcción y puesta en marcha de un microfermentador
Authors: Buitrago H. Gustavo , Piñeros R. Diego , Zuluaga C. Álvaro
Published: August 2021

En la investigación y desarrollo de los procesos biotecnológicos es necesario disponer de equipos de fermentación que permitan un estricto control del proceso que se lleva a cabo. Para esto se ha desarrollado un microfermentador con capacidad de 3.5 litros, el cual consta de dos partes: 1. Un recipiente de fermentación construido en vidrio y acero inoxidable, provisto de un sistema de agitación; sistema de suministro de aire o gas; un condensador de vapores y humedad del aire de salida; sistema de muestreo aséptico; líneas de alimentación de medio de cultivo, inóculo y soluciones reguladoras de pH; pozuelos para sensores del controlador y registrador de temperatura; intercambiador de calor. 2. Una unidad de mando donde se encuentra el motor del agitador y su control automático de velocidad; el control de temperatura con elementos para calentamiento y enfriamiento; el sistema de suministro, regulación y esterilización de aire o gas a la entrada y salida. Los elementos y sistemas involucrados en este equipo fueron desarrollados en los talleres y laboratorios de la Universidad. El diseño y construcción de los controladores se realizó en los talleres del Centro de Equipos Interfacultades, CEIF.
Uso de chimeneas de equilibrio con cámara de aire en instalaciones por gravedad
Authors: Granados Robayo Jorge Armando
Published: August 2021

Este artículo surgió de una inquietud personal del autor, ante la falta de bibliografía para solucionar problemas de Golpe de ariete en sistemas por gravedad, especialmente en microcentrales. La investigación se desarrolló mediante dos proyectos de grado para ingenieros civiles, el primero por Álvaro Ramírez Calderón y el segundo, por Germán Nava Gutiérrez y Martha Lucia Ávila González.
Estudio de los puntos críticos por accidentalidad en vías troncales de los departamentos de Cundinamarca, Tolima y Huila. I Parte
Authors: Pabón Lozano Sergio
Published: August 2021

Síntesis de la investigación desarrollada por el Programa de Investigaciones del Transporte, PIT, del Departamento de Ingeniería Civil de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional, durante el periodo comprendido entre abril de 1986 y marzo de 1987, con la participación de los Profesores Fabio Regueros Chosnek, Victoria Beatriz Durán y Néstor Saénz Saavedra, bajo la coordinación del autor en desarrollo del Convenio No. 006-85 INTRA-Universidad Nacional.
Determinación de la condición saturada y seca superficialmente (S.S.S.) de agregados orgánicos para hormigón ligero
Authors: Salazar Contreras Jaime , Nieto Libia Esperanza
Published: August 2021

Como parte del proyecto de grado titulado “‘DOSIFICACION DE HORMIGONES LIGEROS UTILIZANDO COMO ARIDO LA CASCARILLA DE CAFE II PARTE”, se desarrolló un procedimiento para determinar la condición saturada y seca superficialmente (S.S.S.) de la cascarilla de café debido a que no existe ninguna literatura técnica que establezca los pasos a seguir para hallar la condición s.s.s de agregados ligeros, como si la hay para los agregados tradicionales del hormigón.
 
Puesto que los agregados orgánicos presentan una elevada absorción, se hace necesario determinar un procedimiento de ensayo que permita obtener la condición s.s.s., del agregado de una manera precisa y más confiable que la obtenida mediante la inspección visual, procedimiento éste utilizado hasta ahora en el diseño de mezclas para los agregados ligeros de naturaleza orgánica. El ensayo consiste básicamente en someter a un proceso de secado una muestra de cascarilla saturada hasta que desaparece el agua libre contenida en ella, hecho que se manifiesta por la variación de la temperatura del bulbo húmedo medida por un termómetro colocado en el centro de la muestra; la humedad determinada en este momento corresponde a la condición s.s.s. de la cascarilla, valor éste que se utilizara posteriormente para determinar las propiedades físicas requeridas para el diseño y en especial para establecer con gran aproximación la relación agua-cemento (A/C) parámetro fundamental que rige la resistencia del hormigón. Estos ensayos se realizaron en el laboratorio de Ingeniería Agrícola de la Universidad Nacional de Bogotá.
La tecnología y los países en desarrollo
Authors: Rey Romero Alvaro
Published: August 2021

Las potencias — Los EE.UU. y la U.R.S.S. — y los países industrializados avanzan, ampliando la brecha económica, mientras los países en desarrollo, en particular los NPI, incrementan su capacidad tecnológica, mediante la adecuada combinación de sus recursos. Los políticos internacionales en financiación, comercio y tecnología determinan la división mundial entre países pobres y ricos.
Second Workshop report: Mobilising the science community in progessing towards a sustainable and inclusive ocean economy
Authors:   Howell Marine Consulting, Greenhill Lucy , Leakey Christopher , Diz Daniela ,   Heriot-Watt University
Published: August 2021

Across the Blue Economy, science must play a fundamental role in moving us away from business as usual to a more sustainable pathway. It provides evidence to inform policy by understanding baselines, trends and tipping points, as well as the multiple and interacting effects of human activities and policy interventions. Measuring progress depends on strong evidence and requires the design of a monitoring framework based on well-defined objectives and indicators, informed by the diverse disciplines required to inform progress on cross-cutting policy objectives such as the Just Transition. The differences between the scientific and policy processes are stark and affect interaction between them, including, among other factors, the time pressures of governmental decision-making, and the lack of support and reward in academia for policy engagement. To enable improved integration, the diverse nature of the science / policy interface is important to recognise – improved communication between scientists and policy professionals within government is important, as well as interaction with the wider academic community through secondments and other mechanisms. Skills in working across boundaries are valuable, requiring training and professional recognition. We also discussed the science needs across the themes of the Just Transition, Sustainable Seafood, Nature-based Solutions and the Circular Economy, where we considered: • What research and knowledge can help us manage synergies and trade-offs? • Where is innovation needed to promote synergies? • What type of indicators, data and evidence are needed to measure progress? The insights developed through dialogue among participants on these themes are outlined in Section 4 of this report.
Pension Security for Citizens of the Russian Federation: Social Risks
Authors: Pazdnikova Natalya , Vazhenina Alena
Published: August 2021

The formation of a pension system that has integrity, safety, efficiency and meets the needs of citizens is a socially significant and scientific task. To solve such problems, it is necessary not only to focus on the priorities of strategic planning, but also to constantly search for methodological tools, new regulatory levers and management methods, especially in the face of increasing all kinds of social risks. The purpose of the study is to show the need to address issues related to the identification of social risks, assessment of their impact on the citizens’ pension provision, which will ensure a clear understanding of the effectiveness of the applied mechanisms of state pension insurance in the Russian Federation. The author’s research was carried out on the basis of statistical, regulatory, expert, balance methods, as well as the stress testing method, which made it possible to assess the level of social risks of one of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The main results of the study are as follows: the current statistics of the state of pension provision of Russian citizens is presented; a method of stress testing for identification and assessment of the level of social risks was proposed and tested; the key factors of the emergence of the latter are identified. The article reflects scientific results that demonstrate the normal level of social risks and the adequacy of reserves in the event of their strengthening on the example of a specific subject. The main conclusions of the authors prove the need for social risk management and the formation of an effective pension system for Russian citizens, taking the implementation of preventive measures into account. Reducing social risks for the population will make it possible to successfully pursue state policy and have civil confidence in the future.
Social Oriented Non-Profit Organizations in the Regional Economy: Differentiation of Research Methodological Programmes
Authors: Dvoryadkina Elena , Prostova Dina
Published: August 2021

The level of the regional economy development is determined by various factors, including the performance of the for-profit and non-profit sector, in the structure of which socially oriented non-profit organizations (SONPOs) play an important role. Most of the research methodological programmes used to assess the performance of SONPOs at both the macro and micro levels are focused on determining their effectiveness, while the regional economy requires the development of scientific and methodological approaches to their assessment specifically in a spatial context. The article focuses on the development of an original research methodological programme for analyzing and evaluating the functioning and development of SONPOs in the economic area of the region. The methodological framework of the study includes the ideology of the spatial economy, the socio-economy of the region, the social market economy and the regional governance paradigm. The proposed research methodological programme is based on three groups of indicators that include spatial, socio-economic and financial indicators, which are selected based on the content aspects of the SONPO concept (systemic, spatial, institutional, organizational and managerial, functional), and are the basis for calculating the corresponding indices - private and integral. Spatial indicators relate to the characteristics of the saturation of the economic area of the SONPOs region in various contexts of their operation. Socio-economic indicators characterize the dynamics of the labor and volunteer resources of the functioning and development of SONPOs. Financial indicators make it possible to monitor the development of SONPOs as a tool for implementing socially important functions at the level of regional government and local self-governance. Interpretation of the indices takes additional indicators into account, which take the specifics of a particular region, as well as the results of regional rankings on the level of development of the SONPO sector into consideration, which makes it possible to identify spatial and economic trends and trajectories of SONPOs functioning in the regional economy.
Development of International Transport Corridors in Russia
Authors: Kryukova Ekaterina
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the prospects for the development of international transport corridors, taking the positive and negative factors into account. The international transport corridor is the backbone of a national or international transport system, which provides significant international freight and passenger traffic between separate geographic areas, taking modern geo-economic conditions into account. The main goal of the prospects for the international transport corridors development is to ensure international transportation and promote the development and strengthening of world economic ties. The shortest and most economically profitable land, water and air communication between the countries of Europe, the Mediterranean, the Near and Middle East with the regions of Russia, as well as the states of the Caucasus, Central Asia, the Persian Gulf are carried out through the region of Southern Russia. Therefore, the transport complex of Southern Russia is the most important component of the Russian Federation’s transport system. Analysis of the state of the transport sector of the economy of the South and North Caucasus of Russia based on the results of 2016-2017 shows that the most difficult problems of its development include: a considerable backlog in the material and technical base of transport infrastructure compared to global standards; uneven development of individual industries and territorial complexes of macro-regional transport system; disproportion of infrastructure facilities in the industry; inadequate funding that does not meet the needs for modernization and development of the industry, imperfect mechanisms of its regulation at the federal and regional levels, which is a consequence of the “left-over principle” of the industry development.
Program-Targeted Approach in Public Finance Management: Modern Problems of Budgetary Planning
Authors: Molchanov Igor , Molchanova Natalia , Nurislamova Natalia
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the article is to identify areas for improving budgetary planning tools as an integral part of public finance management. The level of quality of budgetary planning is an important factor in balancing budgets at different levels of the budget system at the time of increasing global instability. Effective measures are taken under conditions of permanent improvement of financial management, based on the use of advanced information technologies, innovative methods for assessing the socio-economic situation of public-law entities. Theoretical and methodological bases of functioning of the budgetary planning system, the possible ways of its improvement in the context of institutional transformations are identified. During the period of actualization of strategic goal-setting in the economy, for the development of the financial management system in terms of improving the budget process, a detailed analysis and assessment of the impact of internal and external factors on the financial and economic environment is required. Opportunities to identify certain patterns and objective trends in the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators and parameters of budgets of the budgetary system are created on this basis. The timeliness of the use of such financial tools as budgeting, result orientation and program-targeted planning, the use of which allows to link the expenditures of public-law entities with the current financial policy, as well as to increase the degree of openness and transparency of the budgetary process, has been proved. Conclusions on the advisability of applying best foreign practices in the activities of financial management bodies at the subnational level are drawn. The key areas of further research in the spatial aspect are the development of multivariate forecasts and econometric models that make it possible to assess the possibilities of economic development of the country and the tax potential of administrative-territorial units.
THE ASYMPTOTICS OF A SOLUTION OF THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL HEAT EQUATION WITH UNBOUNDED INITIAL DATA
Authors: Zakharov Sergey V.
Published: August 2021

For the multidimensional heat equation, the long-time asymptotic approximation of the solution of the Cauchy problem is obtained in the case when the initial function grows at infinity and contains logarithms in its asymptotics. In addition to natural applications to processes of heat conduction and diffusion, the investigation of the asymptotic behavior of the solution of the problem under consideration is of interest for the asymptotic analysisof equations of parabolic type. The auxiliary parameter method plays a decisive role in the investigation.
Quais são os mecanismos celulares relacionados aos eventos tromboembólicos em pacientes com COVID-19?
Authors: Nascimento Cristian Rodrigues do , Santos Júlio Martinez , Brito Sávio Breno Pires , Tenório Pedro Pereira
Published: August 2021

Resumo O SARS-CoV-2 é o vírus responsável pela pandemia da COVID-19. Essa doença começou a ser melhor entendida devido a outras manifestações clínicas além das respiratórias. Ao longo dos meses de atendimento aos pacientes infectados pelo vírus, foram identificadas alterações clínicas e laboratoriais que incitaram os pesquisadores a discutir sobre o potencial do SARS-CoV-2 no desencadeamento de uma resposta imunológica exacerbada capaz de alterar a homeostase endotelial, através de mecanismos diretos e indiretos. Com esse intuito, foram revisados os possíveis mecanismos que desencadeiam este fenômeno em pacientes portadores de COVID-19. Dessa forma, torna-se importante o entendimento fisiopatológico dos mecanismos imunológicos relacionados à doença para a compreensão do potencial de dano endotelial que a COVID-19 pode promover.
DUALITY OF LIVING WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: FLUCTUATING BETWEEN “GOOD DAYS” AND “BAD DAYS”
Authors: Souza Rebeca Rosa de , Barreto Mayckel da Silva , Teston Elen Ferraz , Reis Pamela dos , Cecilio Hellen Pollyanna Mantelo , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to learn the perception of individuals with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus about living with the disease. Method: an exploratory and descriptive research study, of a qualitative nature, carried out with 26 individuals undergoing treatment at the rheumatology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in southern Brazil. The data were collected in the period from February to July 2019, by means of semi-structured interviews that were audio-recorded and subjected to the thematic modality of content analysis. Results: a category entitled: “Fluctuating between good and bad days in living with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”, composed of two subcategories that portray that living with Lupus is something unstable/fickle, emerged from the results. This is because, as a result of the periods of remission and exacerbation of the signs and symptoms of the disease, the patients experience a paradox of constant oscillation between ups and downs. Conclusion: it was learned that individuals with Lupus perceive that living with the disease is marked by an oscillation between good days and bad days, which are related to periods of remission and exacerbation of the manifestations of the disease, respectively.
Avaliação de desempenho dos conselhos de saúde em municípios de pequeno e médio porte
Authors: Santos Elane Patrícia Fernandes Costa dos , Moreira Diane Costa , Bispo Júnior José Patrício
Published: August 2021

Resumo Este artigo objetiva avaliar o desempenho dos conselhos de saúde (CS) em municípios de pequeno e médio porte. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativa com a utilização do método spidergram adaptado à realidade dos CS. A matriz avaliativa foi composta por cinco dimensões: autonomia, organização, representatividade, envolvimento comunitário e influência política. O estudo foi desenvolvido nos municípios de Nova Canaã e Itapetinga, ambos no estado da Bahia, por meio de análise documental, observação das reuniões e 31 entrevistas com conselheiros de saúde. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo temática para a categorização dos dados. Os CS apresentaram baixo nível de desempenho, com resultados mais desfavoráveis ao menor município. Verificaram-se limitações na autonomia, como fragilidades no apoio técnico, estrutura física e dotação orçamentária. A dimensão organização revelou irregularidades na realização das reuniões e a inexistência de comissões temáticas. Foram evidenciadas fragilidades da relação entre representantes e representados. Sobre o envolvimento comunitário, observou-se o esvaziamento dos CS e baixos índices de comparecimento dos representantes. A influência política revelou diminuta capacidade dos CS em influenciar na definição das políticas de saúde locais. A adaptação da matriz avaliativa se mostrou oportuna e adequada. Os dois casos avaliados demostraram insuficiências no processo participativo e na capacidade de influência política.
Vínculos entre minería aurífera y salud: un estudio en Buriticá, Antioquia
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Cardona-Arias Jaiberth Antonio , Higuita Gutiérrez Luis Felipe ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Cataño Correa Juan Carlos ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: August 2021

The research about the relation of mining and health has traditionally been carried out ex post, that is, with evaluation of the effects of mining on the health profiles of miners or exposed people, time after to the start of this economic activity. This limits the evaluation of the impact of mining on health, given the lack of knowledge about health indicators prior to the start of mining, or due to the absence of a baseline to analyze series of time. In addition, specific indicators such as vector-borne diseases (for example, malaria morbidity or mortality in endemic areas with mining activity), respiratory problems, effects of contamination with materials used in mining, among other topics, are generally investigated in illegal mining contexts. In Colombia there are few publications about the health profiles in legal mining areas, prior to the mining phase, as a determining aspect to establish a baseline that allows quantitative evaluation of the impacts of this economic activity on the health of the exposed people. This research analyzes the health profile of the residents of a geographic area with the presence of underground gold mining in Buriticá-Antioquia, according to sociodemographic conditions during 2019. The central outcomes of this profile were risk factors related to health services and lifestyle, felt morbidity, overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, STIs, breast disorders, lung conditions, all with their potential socio-economic risks.