bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nested control loop configuration for a three stage biological wastewater treatment process
Authors: Maheswari Pothuraju , Sheik Abdul Gaffar , Tejaswini E. S. S. , Ambati Seshagiri Rao
Published: November 2020

In every urban infrastructure, Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) requires special attention because of its adverse effects on the environment and also for resource recovery. Therefore, there arises a need to treat the wastewater in order to meet the effluent norms prior to discharge. Different control strategies and various scenarios of plant layout can be tested and evaluated through modelling and simulation studies on the benchmark layouts. In this paper, a feedforward nested loop control structure based on ammonia concentration is implemented on Benchmark Simulation Model (BSM1-P) developed based on Activated Sludge Model No. 3 bioP (ASM3bioP) for controlling the dissolved oxygen in aerobic zones and nitrate level in anoxic zones and nutrient removal by adding two anaerobic zones. By using this control strategy, pumping energy, percentage violations of ammonia and nitrogen concentrations in the effluent, and effluent quality are reduced effectively.
Easily testable circuits in Zhegalkin basis in the case of constant faults of type “1” at gate outputs
Authors: Borodina Yulia V.
Published: November 2020

We consider Boolean circuits in Zhegalkin basis and describe all Boolean functions that can be implemented by a circuit admitting a complete fault detection test of length 1 in case of constant faults of type “1” at gate outputs.
Παρά
Authors: Braunstein Dirk
Published: November 2020

The current discussion on which paratextual elements ought to be reproduced within a text’s edition tends to remain oblivious to the fact that the distinction between texts and paratexts on the part of the production obeys rules different from those on the part of the reception. This discrepancy results from the materiality of texts which cannot be fully grasped in merely ontological terms. Based on a socio-historical concept of materiality, using the example of an edition of seminar minutes, this article seeks to answer the question what editing actually means, with particular regard to the distinction between texts and paratexts, and what it can do at all.
Paratext oder paralleler Text?
Authors: Cividini Iacopo
Published: November 2020

In intertextuality studies, libretto is generally regarded as a paratext on the fringes of the opera performance. However, the extension of Gérard Genette’s concept of paratextuality to this medium does not fully acknowledge its essential contribution to the production of meaning during the opera performance. Based on the definition of theatre performance as plurality of simultaneous sign systems and by the example of the libretti to Mozart’s operas edited at the Salzburg Mozarteum Foundation, the essay proposes an alternative semiotic concept of libretto as parallel text. This means an optional sign system that generates aesthetic content parallel to the other sign systems of the opera. In the context of this new intertextual definition of libretto, the digital medium proves to be particularly suitable for a libretto edition that serves both scholarly and practical purposes.
Literarische Interkulturalität kommentieren: Die mehrsprachige Lyrikübertragung in Sandscript von José F. A. Oliver und Marc James Mueller
Authors: Schickhaus Tobias Akira
Published: November 2020

This article presents the poetry collection Sandscript (2018) by José Francisco Agüera Oliver translated and commentated by Marc James Mueller. In this edition the textual presence of multilingualism, using parallel bilingual poetry, is historicized by the footnotes and the individual commentaries on translation strategies, historical references and word explications. Sandscript deals with the phenomenon that the commentary is dedicated to a text of its own time created through the editorial teamwork between author and translator. Focus is put on to the question of how this edition is presented and to what extent traditions of commentary cultures can be reconstructed in this edition, published in 2018. In addition, the article aims to present a perspective for editorial and intercultural collaboration.
Kopenhagen als Nicht-Ort
Authors: Schlosser Jan T.
Published: November 2020

For the first time Emil Bønnelycke’s Asfaltens Sange (1918) is examined in the context of Marc Augé’s theory of places and non-places in this paper. The analysis of Asfaltens Sange focuses on the implicit presence of places and non-places. Reading Bønnelycke in content of Augé opens up for a new research position; it elucidates his position to ‘supermodernity’. Places and non-places are palimpsests in Bønnelycke’s text about Copenhagen’s urbanity. The main subject in Asfaltens Sange is the walk in Copenhagen. The big city is considered a space of formation that should be ‘read’ to disclose its anthropological status.
“Speak your word and break!”
Authors: Hron Irina
Published: November 2020

By tracing an alternative aesthetics of decomposition and fragmentation, this article offers a new understanding of the literary and poetological strategies Knut Hamsun uses to create a disintegrating text cosmos wherein the idea of ‘creation out of nothing’ (creatio ex nihilo) is one key to artistic originality. The article explores the interdependence of different notions of decline and shows that the image of the (biblical) fall is particularly important to the poetics and aesthetic structure of Hamsun’s Hunger (Sult, 1890). Around 1900, ideas of wholeness crumble, a decomposition which is reflected in the well-established philosophical and anthropological experiments of Nietzsche, Bourget and Simmel. Taking some of their aesthetic assumptions as a point of departure, the present paper argues that Hamsun’s novel offers an aesthetic variation on the decline of unity-based concepts, ranging from the subject to religious belief as well as to traditional storytelling.
Patterns ‘We’ Think By? Critical Cognitive Linguistics Between Language System and Language Use
Authors: Horst Dorothea
Published: November 2020

Taking the interrelationship of language and thought as starting point, Cognitive Linguistics considers language as providing central insights into cognitive structures and processes as well as into their experiential basis. In its role as a gateway for exploring and describing phenomena at the interface between the individual and society by means of public language use, Cognitive Linguistics thus ranges between the poles of trans-situational, overarching language structures and situated, specific language use. But how exactly are system and use to be distinguished and related to one another? What range has, for example, a particular political frame detected from a sample of media coverage with regard to ‘its’ audience? When can we reliably label several instances of individual language use as an overarching language pattern or a frame? The paper aims to address these and further questions in reference to Critical Cognitive Linguistics concerning, for one thing, its own theoretical and methodological assumptions and, for another, its social role in light of current social and political phenomena and developments.
Synthesis and optical characterization of bipod carbazole derivatives
Authors: Çiçek Baki , Çağlı Merve , Tülek Remziye , Teke Ali
Published: November 2020

In this study, some new biscarbazole derivatives were synthesized for the purpose of being used in OLED technologies and related areas. The following compounds: {1,2-bis(2-(3,6-diphenyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl) ethoxy)ethane (C-1), bis[2-(2-(3,6- diphenyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl) ethoxy)etyl]ether (C-2), bis[2-(2-(3,6-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethoxy)etyl]ether (C-3) and bis [2-(2-(3,6-di(naphthalene-2-yl)-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethoxy) ethyl]ether (C-4) were synthesized by Suzuki-Miyaura Cross Coupling reactions. The structural properties of the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and LC-MS. The maximum product yields of 81.6% were obtained for C-4 biscarbazole derivatives. The optical properties were studied using UV-visible and temperature/excitation power density dependent photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The emissions were observed at green and yellow-red color spectral bands. By applying Gaussian fitting to the measured spectra, the superposition of the broad peaks was deconvoluted into two peaks. The origin of emissions was attributed to π- π* transition in aromatic compounds caused by intramolecular charge transfer from host carbazole to these compounds.
Hydrogen production via surrogate biomass gasification using 5% Ni and low loading of lanthanum co-impregnated on fluidizable γ-alumina catalysts
Authors: Sánchez Enríquez Adriana , González Castañeda Daniel G. , Calzada Hernández Alan R. , Cruz Reyes Ivan , Serrano Rosales Benito
Published: November 2020

Nickel on alumina support offers opportunity for gasification of biomass for hydrogen production. In a recent contribution from our research team, (González Castañeda, D. G., et al. 2019) showed that cerium or lanthanum co-impregnation at 2 wt% with nickel may have a favorable effect for biomass catalytic gasification. However, and given an observed influence of lanthanum on the formation of small Ni crystallite sizes, five Ni/γ-Al2O3 based fluidizable La promoted catalysts were studied. Nickel-alumina catalysts promotion was effected varying La in the 0.5 and 1.0 wt% range. Once impregnation precursors loaded, they were reduced at 480 °C via an activation step. Catalysts were characterized using BET, XRD, AA, TPR, TPD, H2-chemisorption, TEM-EDX and FTIR. Catalyst performance was established in a fluidized CREC Riser Simulator, using: a) glucose as surrogate biomass, b) 600 °C, c) steam/biomass (S/B) ratio of 1, d) catalyst /biomass (C/B) ratio of 3.2 and e) 20 s reaction time. Data obtained was analyzed using an ANOVA statistical data analysis package with the 5 wt% Ni and 0.5–1 wt% La and Ce on γ-Al2O3 catalysts, prepared using a pH of 1 of impregnating solution were the best yielding 0.53–0.56 hydrogen molar fractions. These catalysts also gave a 39% reduced coke, and this while compared with the coke formed on the 2% Ce – 5 wt%Ni/γ-Al2O3 (González Castañeda, D. G., et al. 2019). This promising performance was assigned to the dominant NH3-TPD medium acidity, the high catalyst specific surface (∼140 m2/g), and the good 9% metal dispersion with 9–10 nm nickel crystallites.
Application of partial eigenvalue assignment techniques to dampen electromechanical oscillations in multi-machine power systems
Authors: Silva Erick Baleeiro da , Araújo José Mário
Published: November 2020

In this study, a methodology for partial eigenstructure assignment (PEVA) is applied to dampen electromechanical oscillations in electrical multi-machine power systems. The approach is anchored in allocating a small number of undesirable eigenvalues, for example, which are poorly damped, preserving the other eigenvalues in the system - the so-called no-spillover spectrum. The new position of the selected eigenvalues is carried out based on the partial controllability analysis of the system, in order to minimize the control effort. Simulation examples using a system with 68 buses, 16 generators and five areas showed that the presented methodology is efficient in dampening the local and inter-area oscillation modes when compared to the classic power system stabilizers (PSS). The quality of the solution is illustrated through computer simulations, eigenvalues tables and mode-shapes.
Screening and characterisation of β-glucosidase production strains from Rosa roxburghii Tratt
Authors: Liu Xiaozhu , Li Yinfeng , Yu Zhihai , Liu Xiaohui , Hardie William James , Huang Mingzheng
Published: November 2020

The β-glucosidase properties from one yeast isolate identified as Wickerhamomyces anomalus C4 were characterised. The β-glucosidase activity of W. anomalus C4 was 41.83 ± 0.25 mU/mL, and the optimum temperature and pH were 40 °C and 5.0, respectively. The glucose, 10% v/v of ethanol and 10 mmol/L of Cu2+ inhibited the β-glycosidases activities. The isolate W. anomalus C4 had a stronger alcohol metabolism capacity than commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae X16. Besides, fermentation with W. anomalus C4 alone and co-fermentations with S. cerevisiae X16 and W. anomalus C4 reduced the volatile acids content and the sourness value compared to S. cerevisiae X16 control. Moreover, inoculation with W. anomalus C4 could enhance volatile aroma richness and complexity of Rosa roxburghii wines, regardless of type or amount thereof. Therefore, the R. roxburghii native yeast isolate W. anomalus C4 may have some application potentials for R. roxburghii wine-making.
Primary aortoduodenal fistula – overlooked because of guidelines?
Authors: Wiesmueller Felix , Neufert Clemens , Siebler Jürgen , Croner Roland , Lang Werner , Grützmann Robert
Published: November 2020

Primary aortoduodenal fistula is an uncommon yet mostly lethal finding. We present a case of a 63 year-old male who exhibited significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hemorrhagic shock. Repeated endoscopies did not detect any source of bleeding. Emergency laparotomy disclosed an aortoduodenal fistula. Despite intense medical efforts for several months the patient did not fully recover and treatment was limited to palliative care. In light of the substantial mortality associated with this condition, computed tomography imaging should be performed in case of doubt to prevent delayed diagnosis.
Predictive factors of early outcome after palliative surgery for colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Konopke Ralf , Schubert Jörg , Stöltzing Oliver , Thomas Tina , Kersting Stephan , Denz Axel
Published: November 2020

Objectives

A significant number of patients with colorectal cancer are presented with various conditions requiring surgery in an oncologically palliative setting. We performed this study to identify risk factors for early outcome after surgery to facilitate the decision-making process for therapy in a palliative disease.

Methods

We performed a retrospective chart review of 142 patients who underwent palliative surgery due to locally advanced, complicated, or advanced metastatic colorectal carcinoma between January 2010 and April 2018 at the “Elbland” Medical Center Riesa. We performed a logistic regression analysis of 43 factors to identify independent predictors for complications and mortality.

Results

Surgery included resections with primary anastomosis (n=31; 21.8%) or discontinuous resections with colostomy (n=38; 26.8%), internal bypasses (n=27; 19.0%) and stoma formation only (n=46; 32.4%). The median length of hospitalization was 12 days (2–53 days), in-hospital morbidity was 50.0% and the mortality rate was 18.3%. Independent risk factors of in-hospital morbidity were age (HR: 1.5, p=0.046) and various comorbidities of the patients [obesity (HR: 1.8, p=0.036), renal failure (HR: 1.6, p=0.040), diabetes (HR: 1.6, p=0.032), alcohol abuse (HR: 1.3, p=0.023)] as well as lung metastases (HR: 1.6, p=0.041). Arteriosclerosis (HR: 1.4; p=0.045) and arterial hypertension (HR: 1.4, p=0.042) were independent risk factors for medical complications in multivariate analysis. None of the analyzed factors predicted the surgical morbidity after the palliative procedures. Emergency surgery (HR: 10.2, p=0.019), intestinal obstruction (HR: 9.2, p=0.006) and ascites (HR: 5.0, p=0.034) were multivariate significant parameters of in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions

Palliatively treated patients with colorectal cancer undergoing surgery show high rates of morbidity and mortality after surgery. In this retrospective chart review, independent risk factors for morbidity and in-hospital mortality were identified that are similar to patients in curative care. An adequate selection of patients before palliative operation should lead to a better outcome after surgery. Especially in patients with intestinal obstruction and ascites scheduled for emergency surgery, every effort should be made to convey these patients to elective surgery by interventional therapy, such as a stent or minimally invasive stoma formation.
Weather Prediction in Babylonia
Authors: Ossendrijver Mathieu
Published: November 2020

This paper addresses developments in the prediction of weather phenomena in Late Babylonian scholarly texts. Previously published and unpublished texts are analyzed and the underlying methods are compared with omen-based weather prognostication, developments in Babylonian astronomical prediction and reporting practices in the astronomical diaries. It is found that some texts combine long-term astronomical prediction with inferential methods for predicting weather phenomena. It is argued that these new methods for predicting weather phenomena are part of a larger Babylonian effort to predict and explain non-astronomical phenomena by relating them to predictable astronomical phenomena.
Numerical simulation for European and American option of risks in climate change of Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Huang Fei , Lu Zuliang , Li Lin , Wu Xiankui , Liu Shang , Yang Yin
Published: November 2020

With the climate change processes over times, all professions and trades in Three Gorges Reservoir Area will be influenced. One of the biggest challenges is the risk of rising sea level. In this situation, a large number of uncertainties for climate changes will be faced in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Therefore, it is of importance to investigate the complexity of decision making on investing in the long term rising sea level risk related projects in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. This paper investigates the sea level and the temperature as the underlying assets in Three Gorges Reservoir Area. A real option model is constructed to evaluate potential sea level rising risk. We formulate European and American real option models into a linear parabolic variational inequalities and propose a power penalty approach to solve it. Then we obtain a nonlinear parabolic equation. It shows that the nonlinear parabolic equation is unique and solvable. Also, the solutions of the nonlinear parabolic equation converge to the solutions of the parabolic variational inequalities at the rate of orderO(λ−k/2). Since the analytic solution of nonlinear parabolic equation is difficult to obtain, a fitted finite volume method is developed to solve it in case of European and American options, and the convergence of the nonlinear parabolic equation is obtained. An empirical analysis is presented to illustrate our theoretical results.
Enhancement of reliability and security in spatial diversity FSO-CDMA wiretap channel
Authors: Zhang Jianjia , Wu Bing , Peng Fang , Zheng Zihua , Ji Jianhua
Published: November 2020

Due to atmospheric turbulence, the reliability and security of free space optical (FSO) communication will be affected seriously. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme of quasisynchronous spatial diversity free-space optical code division multiple access (FSO-CDMA) wiretap channel based on gamma-gamma distribution. Considering multiple access interference, shot noise, thermal noise and background noise, performances of bit error rate (BER) and physical-layer security are analyzed theoretically. The physical-layer security of quasisynchronous spatial diversity FSO-CDMA wiretap channel is evaluated by secrecy capacity and interception probability. Closed-form expression of interception probability is obtained. In order to compare the performances between conventional spatial diversity FSO-CDMA and the proposed scheme, Optisystem simulation is carried out. The results indicate that quasisynchronous spatial diversity FSO-CDMA scheme can improve the reliability and physical-layer security simultaneously.
Does confirmation bias exist in judged events at the Olympic Games?
Authors: Hilmer Christiana , Hilmer Michael John
Published: November 2020

Examining data for the 10 Olympic Games contested this century, we ask whether confirmation bias exists in judged events. We theorize that if such bias is present, then competitors in judged events should perform closer to predicted than competitors in non-judged events. Among a sample of over 5100 predicted medalists from the 10 Games, we find that, all else equal, the differences between ex-ante conventional wisdom and ex-post observed outcome are larger for competitors in timed events than for competitors in judged events. These results suggest that confirmation bias does potentially exist for judged events at the Olympic Games.
The Kantian Elements in Arthur Pap’s Philosophy
Authors: Stump David J.
Published: November 2020

Arthur Pap worked in analytic philosophy while maintaining a strong Kantian or neo-Kantian element throughout his career, stemming from his studying with Ernst Cassirer. I present these elements in the different periods of Pap’s works, showing him to be a consistent critic of logical empiricism, which Pap shows to be incapable of superseding the Kantian framework. Nevertheless, Pap’s work is definitely analytic philosophy, both in terms of the content and the style. According to Pap, the central topics of analytic philosophy concern meaning, modality, and analysis. Pap was also influenced by pragmatism, especially in his dissertation, although he does not fully embrace it in either its classical or its Quinean form.
The Ambivalent Legacy of the Crisaeans: Athens’ Interstate Relations (and the Phocian Factor) in 4th-Century Public Discourse
Authors: Franchi Elena
Published: November 2020

The First Sacred War was hotly debated in the 4th century. The crimes committed by the Crisaeans in this war were later equated to those committed by the Phocians during the Third Sacred War, or those committed by the Locrians of Amphissa during the Fourth Sacred War. This paper shows how the parallels drawn between the First and Third Sacred Wars (SW1–SW3) and between the First and Fourth Sacred Wars (SW1–SW4) were respectively shaped and used as an argument in two different milieus: in pro-Macedonian intellectual circles in Athens, and in the Athenian forensic and deliberative arena. The main aim of this paper is to understand why ‘SW1–SW3’ is not used as an argument in the latter. In fact, Athens’ most prominent politicians had to cope with the Athenian support for the Phocians in the so-called Third Sacred War. Thus, the Phocians were depicted as guilty, but not to the point that they were compared to the Crisaeans. The legacy of the latter was ambivalent and lent itself to this shift in meaning.
From connective construction to final particle: The emergence of the Korean disapproval markerhakonun
Authors: Kim Minju
Published: November 2020

Using conversational data, frequency counts, and prosodic evidence drawn from corpora of 70 television drama series and 142 audio-recorded natural conversations, I demonstrate that the Korean connective constructionhakonun‘after having done,’ which comprisesha‘do’,ko‘and’ and the topic markernunand indicates a temporal sequence, has developed into a final particle that encodes a speaker’s stance of criticism and complaint. I show that the source,hakonun,has routinely been used in expressing concessive relations between two sequential events that go against the speaker’s expectation (‘counter-expectation’), and thus, is frequently used to challenge a hearer (e.g., ‘after having done many evil deeds, how can you ask for my help?’). Through this use, the speaker’s negative affect and stance of disapproval have become semanticized withhakonun. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of (inter)subjectification and insubordination, I propose thathakonunand Japaneseshi‘and’ constitute another case of crosslinguistically similar development of connectives becoming final particles. McGloin and Konishi (2010) argue that through its frequent use in the context of counter-expectation,shi‘and’ has recently developed into a final particle expressing a speaker’s negative stance such as criticism and complaint.
Investigating the Uncertainty of Government Economic Policies on Inbound Tourism in Iran
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Azam , Shahiki Tash Mohammad Nabi
Published: November 2020

Over the past three decades, there has been an increasing focus on the subject of global tourism in Iran’s economy. This article examines the most important economic factors affecting this industry in this country, especially economic policy uncertainty. For this purpose, three models specify the number of tourists entering the country as a dependent variable and Consumer Price Index, Tehran Exchange Price Index, market exchange rate, semi-annual dummy variable, and exports as explanatory variables. To investigate the uncertainty of the government’s economic policies, three variables liquidity fluctuations, tax revenue fluctuations, and government expenditures fluctuations have been added along with the above variables. To obtain the fluctuations, the GARCH function is used then the relations are estimated by the GMM method. The estimation of models using monthly data from March 2011 to August 2018 shows that explanatory variables are significant. The results indicate that economic policy uncertainty has negatively affected the arrival of the tourist. An increase in exchange rate, consumer price index, exports, and stock market price index have a positive effect on the arrival of tourists. Therefore, due to inbound tourism sensitivity to shocks, the growth and survival of tourism depend on economic and political stability.
Linear and structural changes in rural space – the positive and problematic aspects (case of Latvia)
Authors: Rivza Baiba , Kruzmetra Maiga , Rivza Peteris
Published: November 2020

Rural areas as a space have many features in common: land as a significant resource for economic activity, forests as a natural kind of climate-friendly environment, a low population density, etc. At the same time, the natural resources of rural areas tend to be exploited in a different way, which is determined by the different activities of the population of a particular territorial unit about the exploitation of the natural resources. By employing cluster analysis, an analysis of 110 administrative-territorial units forming the space outside cities of national significance allowed identifying the geographical locations of the least economically developed territorial units and the most specific socio-economic characteristics of the units. Geographically, the territorial units were spread across all the planning regions in Latvia, while business and entrepreneurship there focused on the use of natural resources, i.e. agriculture, forestry and fisheries. The trend has been observed since 2009 and requires seeking innovative ideas for changing the situation, one of which could be the expansion of the e-environment and e-commerce in these areas as well as the establishment of a cooperation network for home producers.
Kildare rebellion (1534-1535) in the Annals of the Four Masters
Authors: Böhm Marcin
Published: November 2020

One of the most important Irish historical sources, which are the Annals of the Four Masters, written in the modern period, provide us with unusually valuable information about the history of the Emerald Island. In addition to data from the ancient or medieval periods, it also contains material from the difficult 16th and 17th centuries for Ireland, when it came under the yoke of English Protestants, who were initially represented by the Tudors and then by the Stuart dynasty. The Annals of the Four Masters also witnesses the resistance of the Irish, both those from Hiberno Normans and Gaelic Irish, to the demands of new authorities, including the rejection of Catholicism and total submission to the power of the kings of England. One such attempt, although unsuccessful, was the Kildare rebellion undertaken by Silken Thomas Earl of Kildare in the late 1630s. The laconic nature of Annales’ accounts, as well as the omission by this source of many important data, makes it an auxiliary material related to military history in the case of the Kildare rebellion. This is interesting because, in the context of later revolts that broke out in Ireland against the authority of the Tudors or Stuarts, in the era of further conquest of the island, this source is very valuable research material in this field.
Crosslinguistic Interference in Simultaneous Acquisition of Turkish and Italian
Authors: Ergün Anna Lia Proietti
Published: November 2020

This study compared the acceptability judgment task (AJT) and translation task (TT) in 10 simultaneous Turkish–Italian bilinguals with age-matched Turkish and Italian monolinguals as a control group. The position of subjects occurring with unaccusative verbs was investigated as the linguistic property. The results of the AJT in Turkish revealed no significant difference between the groups. However, in the Italian AJT, high variability was found in the younger bilinguals. Only bilinguals could participate in the TT. The participants, while translating into Turkish, always produced pragmatically appropriate sentences. In the case of translation to Italian, a significant effect correlated with the position of the subject in the Turkish stimulus was found.
Reality, Determination, Imagination
Authors: Sabolius Kristupas
Published: November 2020

In contemporary debates, the realist position (here speculative realism/materialism is of particular interest) not only implies a belief in what is real, but also allows us to ascertain a certain possibility of accessing reality, thus bringing about the question of correlation as it pertains to determination and subordination. This article borrows from Cornelius Castoriadis’ arguments regarding Georg Cantor’s set theory to criticize the primacy of mathematics in Quentin Meillassoux’s thinking. At the same time, it argues that there are three regimes of correlation. The first two senses of correlation imply determining subordination, whereas the third one invokes a new understanding of correlation: being is always related to the subject, but is never determined or subordinated by it. In this light, Castoriadis’s notion of radical imagination aims to maintain an emancipatory meaning – the call for an anamorphic procedure of change in perspective, to the gestures of constant re-determination, without any pretense to totality.
To Hear the Sound of One’s Own Birth: Michel Henry on Religious Experience
Authors: Černý Jan
Published: November 2020

The article consists of two parts. The first part outlines two conceptions of religious experience that can be found in the last three philosophical books of Michel Henry: the first, broad conception of religious experience is connected with the transcendental relation of human self to God as proposed by Henry; the second, narrower conception concerns the story of salvation as told in Henry’s Christian trilogy, and acquires the form of the “second birth.” Yet the transcendental disposition of Henry’s phenomenology prevents it from developing hermeneutical tools that would guide the understanding of religious experience. The second part of the article deals with the critique of Dominique Janicaud, who questioned the phenomenological methodology of Michel Henry precisely because of its religious overtone, and with the subsequent discussion incited by Janicaud’s criticism. The article defends the phenomenological status of Henry’s work by arguing that Henry’s thinking could not be rightly accused from being theological or metaphysical at the time of the publication of Janicaud’s first critique. Yet it is true that the later Christian trilogy identified the general structures of appearing with the inner life of the God of the Christian Bible, and the experience of Christian faith thus became the presupposition of Henry’s phenomenology. The article also argues that religious experience belongs to the field of phenomenological research.
A computational study of the SNAr reaction of 2-ethoxy-3,5-dinitropyridine and 2-methoxy-3,5-dinitropyridine with piperidine
Authors: Oloba-Whenu Oluwakemi A. , Junaid Idris O. , Isanbor Chukwuemeka
Published: November 2020

A computational study of the chemical kinetics and thermodynamics study of the SNAr between 3,5-dinitroethoxypyridine 1a and 3,5-dinitromethoxypyridine 1b with piperidine 2 in the gas phase is reported using hybrid density functional theory method B3PW91 and 6–31G(d,p) basis set. The reaction was modeled via both the catalyzed and base-catalyzed pathways which proceeded with the initial attack of the nucleophile 2 on the substrates 1 to yield the Meisenheimer complex intermediate that is stabilized with hydrogen bonding. Calculations show that the reaction goes via the formation and decomposition of a Meisenheimer complex, which was observed to be stabilized by hydrogen bonding. Along the uncatalyzed pathway, the decomposition of the Meisenheimer complex was the slow step and requires about 28 kcal/mol. This barrier was reduced to about 14.8 kcal/mol with the intervention of the base catalyst, thus making the formation of the Meisenheimer complex rate determining. All reactions were calculated to be exothermic, about −6.5 kcal/mol and −0.6 kcal/mol, respectively, for the reaction of 1a and 1b with 2.
Reflection phenomena of waves through rotating elastic medium with micro-temperature effect
Authors: Jahangir Adnan , Malik Fizza , Muhammad Nazir , Fayyaz Rabia , Abbasi Javeria Nawaz , Nazir Amna
Published: November 2020

In this article, we analyzed the effect of variable thermal conductivity on reflected elastic waves. The waves are propagating through a thermoelastic medium rotating with some angular frequency. The concept of micro-temperature is also been considered, in which microelements of the medium contain a high temperature. A heat conduction phenomenon is encountered by dual phase-lag heat conduction model. P (or SV)-type wave is incident on the medium with some specific angle of incidence. After reflection from the surface incident, P-wave is converted into quasi longitudinal and quasi transverse waves and propagates back into the medium. Helmholtz’s potential function along with the harmonic wave solution is used to obtain the solution of the model. Analytically, we calculated the amplitude ratios and attenuation factor for each reflected wave against the angle of incidence. The obtained results are also represented graphically for different values of rotational frequency and variable thermal conductivity for a particular material.
Secondhand smoking and neurological disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Bin , Xiao Yang , Wang Dongming , Chen Weihong
Published: November 2020

Background

The results of studies on the relationship between secondhand smoking and neurological disease remain controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore the association between secondhand smoking and risk of neurological disease.

Methods

Literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science through December 2019. We included cohort studies which examined the association between secondhand smoking and risk of neurological disease. According to the type of neurological disease, summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of stroke, cognitive impairment and Parkinson disease (PD) for secondhand smoking exposure were calculated.

Results

A total of 14 unique articles (n=697,185 participants) were eventually included in the analysis. When all studies were pooled, the RR of stroke for secondhand smoking exposure was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.38). When studies included only non-smokers, the pooled RR of stroke was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.37). Summary RRs of cognitive impairment and PD for secondhand smoking exposure were 1.43 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.00) and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.95), respectively. Summary RRs did not change significantly when excluding one study at a time.

Conclusions

Secondhand smoking was found to be positively associated with risks of stroke and cognitive impairment, while inversely associated with risk of PD. Overall, our finding is a reminder of the need to step up smoking bans to prevent health damage, and also suggests that more researches on biological mechanisms whereby secondhand smoking affect PD may be beneficial to PD prevention and treatment.
Drinking water heavy metal toxicity and chronic kidney diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Farkhondeh Tahereh , Naseri Kobra , Esform Adeleh , Aramjoo Hamed , Naghizadeh Ali
Published: November 2020

Heavy metals in drinking water can threat human health and may induce several diseases. The association between heavy metals exposure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been indicated by few epidemiological studies. We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiologic publications of the association between exposure to heavy metals through drinking water and CKD. Keywords related to heavy metals and kidney diseases on MeSH were identified and searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Ovid-Medline and Web of Science until July 2020. 14 publications met our inclusion criteria and included in the current review. The included articles were conducted on the association between arsenic, cadmium, lead and chromium in drinking water and CKD. Our study could not find strong evidence between heavy exposure to through drinking water and CKD, except for arsenic. The negative association was found between arsenic and lead and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The positive correlation was observed between cadmium exposure and urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) concentrations, and also arsenic and chromium exposure and kidney injury molecule (KIM-1). Assessment of studies showed an association between arsenic, cadmium, lead and chromium and albuminuria and proteinuria, without CKD outcomes. Current systematic study showed few evidence for exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead and chromium through drinking water and incidence of kidney problems. However, more epidemiological studies are required to confirm this association.
Effectiveness of ESPITO analgesia in enhancing recovery in patients undergoing open radical cystectomy when compared to a contemporaneous cohort receiving standard analgesia: an observational study
Authors: Niraj G. , Tariq Zubair , Ratnayake Ashani , Jackson Benjamin. L , Ahson Mehar , Kamel Yehia , Kaushik Vipul
Published: November 2020

Objectives

Bowel dysfunction is a major complication following open surgery for invasive cancer of the bladder that results in significant discomfort; complications and can prolong the length of stay. The incidence of postoperative ileus following open radical cystectomy has been reported as 23–40%. The median length of hospital stay after this surgery in the United Kingdom is 11 days. Standard analgesic techniques include wound infusion analgesia combined with systemic morphine or thoracic epidural analgsia. Combined erector spinae plane and intrathecal opioid analgesia is a novel technique that has been reported to be an effective method of providing perioperative analgesia thereby enhancing recovery after open radical cystectomy.

Methods

We performed a prospective study on the effectiveness of the novel analgesic technique (combined erector spinae plane and intrathecal opioid analgesia) in reducing the incidence of postoperative ileus, thereby facilitating early discharge following open radical cystectomy when compared to a contemporaneous control group receiving standard analgesia. Twenty-five patients received the novel analgesia while 31 patients received standard analgesia as a part of enhanced recovery programme. Standard analgesia arm included 14 patients who recived thoracic epidural analgesia (14/31, 45%) and 17 patients who received combined wound infusion analgesia and patient controlled analgesia with morphine (17/31, 55%). Primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative ileus. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, tramadol consumption and time to bowel opening.

Results

Combined erector spinae plane and intrathecal opioid analgesia was associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative ileus (16 [4/25] vs. 65% [20/31], p<0.001), reduced time to first open bowel (4.4 ± 2.3 vs. 6.6 ± 2.3, p<0.001) and reduced median (IQR) length of hospital stay (7[6, 12] vs. 10[8, 15], p=0.007). There was no significant difference in rescue analgesia (intravenous tramadol) consumption. Complete avoidance of systemic morphine played a key role in improved outcomes.

Conclusions

ESPITO was successful in reducing postoperative ileus and length of hospital stay after open radical cystectomy when compared to standard analgesia within an enhanced recovery programme.
Choosing between identification schemes in noisy-news models
Authors: Chan Joshua C. C. , Eisenstat Eric , Koop Gary
Published: November 2020

This paper is about identifying structural shocks in noisy-news models using structural vector autoregressive moving average (SVARMA) models. We develop a new identification scheme and efficient Bayesian methods for estimating the resulting SVARMA. We discuss how our identification scheme differs from the one which is used in existing theoretical and empirical models. Our main contributions lie in the development of methods for choosing between identification schemes. We estimate specifications with up to 20 variables using US macroeconomic data. We find that our identification scheme is preferred by the data, particularly as the size of the system is increased and that noise shocks generally play a negligible role. However, small models may overstate the importance of noise shocks.
Saludos y despedidas: tipología y contraste entre datos intuitivos y observacionales
Authors: Vázquez Carranza Ariel
Published: November 2020

El presente artículo describe una tipología de saludos y despedidas del español de México basada en datos observacionales de hablantes jóvenes del municipio de Metepec. El artículo también hace un contraste de datos observacionales y datos intuitivos referentes a los formatos de saludos y despedidas. En cuanto a la tipología, los saludos y las despedidas reportados se categorizan en tres y cuatro tipos respectivamente (saludos:hola, vocativos, la construcción interrogativa¿Qué …?; despedidas:adiós,bye, imperativo del verbocuidary despedidas temporales), y cada categoría cuenta con características y subcategorías particulares. La comparación entre los datos observacionales y los intuitivos en general indica que los datos observacionales no coinciden con los datos intuitivos; sin embargo, al ahondar en su contraste se identifican algunas similitudes particulares.
Usos discursivos de la forma verbal doxásticacreoen la interacción oral en español
Authors: Soler Bonafont M. Amparo
Published: November 2020

The present paper describes the main discursive uses ofcreo, a performative form of doxastic verbcreer, in oral Spanish interaction, specifically those in which the verbal form shows attenuation or intensification. To that end, this paper performs a thorough analysis of creo instances across conversational corpora (COGILA, COJEM, Val.Es.Co., Val.Es.Co. 2.0) and parliamentary debates corpora (Congreso de los Diputados, Les Corts Valencianes), with a combined 700 000 words collated as the sample. A preliminary qualitative and quantitative investigation was carried out in which the goals were twofold: First, to isolate the features of eachConcrete Interactive Context(CIC, Briz y Albelda, 2013) of creo in wich the doxastic verbal form appears and to identify which features favor its use (namely, register, level of dialogicity, and specific genre traits, Soler, 2019). Second, to determine what argumentative, face, or discursive factors influence the development of frequent pragmatic functions (Soler, 2018). This work finds thatcreo, although defined as a polyfunctional form (Simon-Vandenbergen, 2000; Gachet, 2009: Mullan, 2010), exhibits a set of three pragmatic values that affects, in different ways, the interactants’ face:affiliation or reinforcement of relations with other/-s - neutrality - de-responsibility.
All you need is love: metaphors of love in 1946–2016 Billboard year-end number-one songs
Authors: Climent Salvador , Coll-Florit Marta
Published: November 2020

This study examines the use of metaphors, metonymies and metaphorical similes for love in a corpus of 52 year-end number one hit songs in the USA from 1946 to 2016 according to Billboard charts. The analysis is performed within the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory and from quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Our findings indicate that the theme of romantic love is prevalent in US mainstream pop music over the course of seven decades but shows evolutionary features. Metaphors of love evolve from conventional to novel with a notable increase in both heartbreak and erotic metaphors. Remarkably, the study finds that the two predominant conceptualizations of love in pop songs – which in a significant number of cases overlap – are the following: experiential, originating in the physical proximity of the lovers, and cultural, reflecting possession by one lover and showing a non-egalitarian type of love.
Assessment of regulation on vitamin D test requesting in terms of the rational laboratory use
Authors: Yılmaz Gülsen , Aydoğan Nurullah , Sezer Sevilay , Tutar Sezen , Uzdoğan Andaç , Erel Özcan , Meriç Yılmaz Fatma
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The aim of this study is to identify the possible effects of the Ministry of Health regulation on Vitamin D testing and vitamin D deficiency detection and to investigate the effect of the reflex test algorithm implementation.

Materials and methods

A total of requested 78,919 25(OH)D and 5,653 1,25(OH)2D test results were examined. Test requests were classified in 3 groups according to the Regulation; Group 1: Requests from inpatients and intensive care units, Group 2: Requests from outpatients of non-restricted departments, Group 3: Requests from outpatients of restricted departments. In addition, the reflex test algorithm was simulated and the name of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D test request was changed to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.

Results

Changing the test name as 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol reduced the number of monthly test requests (−71.7%). The hypovitaminous detection rate was similar in Group 1, 2, and 3 in the 25(OH)D requests and was higher in the reflex test algorithm. In 1,25(OH)2D requests, the rate of hypovitaminous detection was higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 and 3.

Discussion

With simple acts like using structured test ordering forms, reflex test algorithms applied in the clinic-laboratory-interface involving Medical Biochemistry Specialists, bigger impact with less underdiagnosis might be possible in test demand management.
Relationship between JAK2-V617F mutation and hematologic parameters in Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Aksit Murat , Bozkaya Giray , Uzuncan Nuriye , Bilgili Sibel , Ozlu Can , Zeytinli Aksit Merve
Published: November 2020

Objectives

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of JAK2-V617F mutation and its association with hematologic parameters in polycythemia vera(PV), essential thrombocytosis(ET) and primary myelofibrosis(PMF) patients who have been tested for the mutation.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the records of 168 patients (82 males and 86 females) who were tested for JAK2-V617F mutation upon request of Hematology Clinic. JAK2-V617F mutation status, white blood cell (WBC) counts, platelet (PLT) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) levels and demographics of the patients were recorded.

Results

JAK2-V617F mutation was detected in 55.9% of the 168 patients. The mutation was observed in 58.2% of PV cases, in 54.4% of ET and in 54.5% of PMF cases. All patients were divided into two groups: mutation positive and negative. Age, WBC and PLT levels were significantly higher in mutation positive group (p<0.05). Age, WBC, Hb, Hct and PLT counts in PV cases with JAK2-V617F mutation, age and WBC counts in PMF cases with JAK2-V617F mutation were found to be significantly higher compared to mutation negative patients (p<0.05).

Conclusion

JAK2-V617F mutation is a very important parameter in diagnostic and prognostic evaluation. Thus, every patient suspected of having a myeloproliferative neoplasm should be screened for JAK2-V617F mutation.