bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of Latent Diagnostic Biomarkers and Biological Pathways in Dermatomyositis Based on WGCNA
Authors: Ouyang Shaxi , Liu Yifang , Xiao Changjuan , Zeng Qinghua , Luo Xun , Hu Xiaofang , Xie Shuoshan
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Dermatomyositis (DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease of predominantly lymphocytic infiltration mainly involving the transverse muscle. Its pathogenesis is remaining unknown. This research is designed to probe the latent pathogenesis of dermatomyositis, identify potential biomarkers, and reveal the pathogenesis of dermatomyositis through information biology analysis of gene chips. Methods. In this study, we utilised the GSE14287 and GSE11971 datasets rooted in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databank, which included a total of 62 DM samples and 9 normal samples. The datasets were combined, and the differentially expressed gene sets were subjected to weighted gene coexpression network analysis, and the hub gene was screened using a protein interaction network from genes in modules highly correlated with dermatomyositis progression. Results. A total of 3 key genes—myxovirus resistance-2 (MX2), oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), and oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2)—were identified in combination with cell line samples, and the expressions of the 3 genes were verified separately. The results showed that MX2, OAS1, and OAS2 were highly expressed in LPS-treated cell lines compared to normal cell lines. The results of pathway enrichment analysis of the genes indicated that all 3 genes were enriched in the cytosolic DNA signalling and cytokine and cytokine receptor interaction signalling pathways; the results of functional enrichment analysis showed that all 3 were enriched in interferon-α response and interferon-γ response functions. Conclusions. This is important for the study of the pathogenesis and objective treatment of dermatomyositis and provides important reference information for the targeted therapy of dermatomyositis.
Mechanism of Baclofen Inhibiting the Proliferation and Metastasis of GBM by Regulating YAP
Authors: Zhu Lin , Lu Juan , Bao Zhijun , Guo Shiwen
Published: December 2021

This study explores the effect of baclofen on the malignant phenotype of glioblastoma (GBM) and the growth of xenograft tumors and investigates the related mechanisms, aiming to reveal the effect of baclofen on the occurrence and development of GBM. The development of new therapeutic drugs for GBM lays a theoretical and experimental foundation. Research results show that baclofen could inhibit GBM cell proliferation and migration and promote GBM cell apoptosis; baclofen dose- and time-dependently could induce GBM cell YAP phosphorylation. YAP participated in the effect of baclofen on GBM cell proliferation and migration inhibition. Baclofen induced YAP phosphorylation in GBM cells through the GABABR2-Gs-Lats1/2 signaling pathway. Baclofen could inhibit the expression of survivin and Bcl2. Baclofen inhibits subcutaneous tumors by inducing YAP phosphorylation in vivo.
Coexistence of Neonatal Lupus Erythematous and Sturge–Weber Syndrome
Authors: Nikyar Zahra , Hatami Parvaneh , Aryanian Zeinab , Kamyab Hesari Kambiz , Goodarzi Azadeh , Borzouei Anahita
Published: December 2021

Neonatal lupus erythematous (NLE) is a rare condition presented by lupus dermatitis shortly after birth or later following sun exposure. Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) is also an uncommon congenital condition characterized by extensive capillary malformation and ophthalmic and/or neurologic involvement. Here, we describe the first case of coexistence of NLE and SWS which posed a significant diagnostic challenge to clinicians.
Evaluation of Comprehensive Ability of Accounting Applied Talents Based on GFAHP-Cloud Model
Authors: Zhang Qingyang
Published: December 2021

Through the objective and fair evaluation of the comprehensive ability of accounting talents cultivated in colleges and universities, on the one hand, it is beneficial to provide direction for cultivating accounting applied talents in colleges and universities, and on the other hand, it can also provide reference for enterprises to select talents. Firstly, this study constructs an evaluation index system for the comprehensive ability of accounting applied talents and selects 15 indicators from three aspects of knowledge level, ability level, and moral level. Secondly, the group fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the index weight. Finally, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the cloud model is constructed and tested in practice. This study hopes to make an objective and fair evaluation for accounting talents by quantitatively evaluating the comprehensive ability of accounting applied talents.
Preterm Premature Ruptures of Membrane and Factors Associated among Pregnant Women Admitted in Wolkite Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Argaw Muche , Mesfin Yibeltal , Geze Shegaw , Nuriye Keyredin , Tefera Bitew , Embiale Aynamaw , Mohammed Wesila , Chekole Bogale
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Preterm premature rupture of membrane is the rupture of membrane before 37 weeks of gestational age. It complicates approximately 3 percent of pregnancies and leads to one-third of preterm births. It increases the risk of prematurity and leads to several other perinatal and neonatal complications, including the risk of fetal death. Although the prevalence and associated factors of preterm premature rupture of the membrane were well studied in high-income countries, there is a scarcity of evidence in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Method. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from 1st June to 30th June 2021 in Wolkite comprehensive specialized hospital. One hundred ninety nine (199) pregnant women were included as study subjects using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. It carried out descriptive statistical analysis and statistical tests like the odds ratio. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistically, significant tests were declared at a level of

p

value < 0.05. Result. The magnitude of preterm premature rupture membrane is 6.6%. Having gestational diabetes mellitus (

AOR
=
5.99

(95% CI: 1.01, 32.97) and previous history of abortion (

AOR
=
5.31

(95% CI: 1.06, 26.69) were found to be significantly associated with preterm premature rupture of membrane. Conclusion. Having gestational diabetes mellitus and having a previous history of abortion were significantly associated with preterm premature rupture of membrane.
Tooth- and Patient-Related Conditions May Influence Root Canal Treatment Indication
Authors: Albuquerque Maria Tereza Pedrosa , Abreu Lorena Caetano , Martim Leticia , Münchow Eliseu Aldrighi , Nagata Juliana Yuri
Published: December 2021

Aim. To investigate predisposing aspects related to the indication for root canal treatment (RCT) at Dental Schools of Brazil. Methods. Data of 207 patients referred to endodontic treatment at undergraduate Dental Schools of Brazil were collected over a period of 8 months. Patient-related data included age, gender, first dental visit, tooth brushing frequency, number of remaining teeth, and previous endodontic treatment, and tooth-related information regarding number, type, and location in the mouth of teeth that need RCT, waiting time for the endodontic treatment, endodontic diagnosis, pain report, and dental crown condition was collected for each participant. Bivariate analysis (Chi-square test;p<0.05) associated gender and tooth/patient-related conditions. Poisson regression analysis compared multiple endodontic need and exposure variables. Results. Patients were mainly comprised of women (65.2%), aged 18–39 years (69.6%). Previous RCT was significantly more prevalent in women when compared to menp=0.005. First dental visit at later moment (after 20 years of age) demonstrated 400% greater prevalence of multiple RCT demand when compared to patients that attended the dental office at age below seven yearsp=0.032. Most of the patients presented only one tooth needing RCT (80.2%), mainly premolars (44.9%). Interestingly, women underwent more RCT in maxillary teethp=0.016and significantly contributed with their report to the diagnosis process when compared to menp=0.014. Regarding dental crown condition, 45.4% of all teeth registered unsatisfactory restorations, which were more pronounced in female patientsp=0.018. Unsatisfactory restorations or dental caries had 75% and 82%, respectively, less prevalence of multiple RCT indication when compared to sound dental crownp=0.001. Conclusions. RCT was undertaken more frequently in young female adults’ premolars presenting unsatisfactory restorations. First dental visit, number of teeth with previous endodontic treatment, tooth group, and dental crown condition were significantly associated with the necessity of multiple endodontic treatments.
A New Blind Source Separation Algorithm Framework for Noisy Mixing Model Based on the Energy Concentration Characteristic in Signal Transform Domain
Authors: Li Jiong , Feng Lu
Published: December 2021

Blind source separation is a widely used technique to analyze multichannel data. In most real-world applications, noise is inevitable and will affect the quality of signal separation and even make signal separation failure. In this paper, a new signal processing framework is proposed to separate noisy mixing sources. It is composed of two different stages. The first step is to process the mixing signal by a certain signal transform method to make the expected signals have energy concentration characteristics in the transform domain. The second stage is formed by a certain BSS algorithm estimating the demixing matrix in the transform domain. In the energy concentration segment, the SNR can reach a high level so that the demixing matrix can be estimated accurately. The analysis process of the proposed algorithm framework is analyzed by taking the wavelet transform as an example. Numerical experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm to estimate the mixing matrix in comparison with well-known algorithms.
GlyCEST: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Glycine—Distribution in the Normal Murine Brain and Alterations in 5xFAD Mice
Authors: Ohno Ken , Ohkubo Masaki , Zheng Bingwen , Watanabe Masaki , Matsuda Tsuyoshi , Kwee Ingrid L. , Igarashi Hironaka
Published: December 2021

The glycine level in the brain is known to be altered in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several studies have reported the in vivo measurement of glycine concentrations in the brain using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), but 1H-MRS is not capable of imaging the distribution of glycine concentration with high spatial resolution. Chemical exchange saturation transfer magnetic resonance imaging (CEST-MRI) is a new technology that can detect specific molecules, including amino acids, in tissues. To validate the measurements of glycine concentrations in living tissues using CEST from glycine to water (GlyCEST), we extracted the brain tissues from mice and performed biochemical tests. In wild-type C57BL/6 mice, GlyCEST effects were found to be higher in the thalamus than in the cerebral cortex (

P
<
0.0001

, paired t-test), and this result was in good agreement with the biochemical results. In 5xFAD mice, an animal model of AD, GlyCEST measurements demonstrated that glycine concentrations in the cerebral cortex (

P
<
0.05

, unpaired t-test) and thalamus (

P
<
0.0001

, unpaired t-test), but not in the hippocampus, were decreased compared to those in wild-type mice. These findings suggest that we have successfully applied the CEST-MRI technique to map the distribution of glycine concentrations in the murine brain. The present method also captured the changes in cerebral glycine concentrations in mice with AD. Imaging the distribution of glycine concentrations in the brain can be useful in investigating and elucidating the pathological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Mechanism and Role of the Neuropeptide LGI1 Receptor ADAM23 in Regulating Biomarkers of Ferroptosis and Progression of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Jun , Liu Jing-ni , Sun Chenyu
Published: December 2021

Background. According to recent studies, ferroptosis is closely related to the efficacy and prognosis of tumour treatment. However, the role of ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been explored comprehensively. Materials and Methods. The esophageal cancer (EC) transcriptome data was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), then analyzed, to obtain the differentially expressed messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) between groups with the low and high Ferroptosis Potential Index (FPI) and construct a ferroptosis-associated ceRNA network. In addition, the expression of ARHGEF26-AS1 and miR-372-3p in ESCC cell lines was assessed, and the appropriate cell lines were selected. The interaction between ARHGEF26-AS1, miR-372-3p, and ADAM23 was also determined through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, the Western blot, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing, cell viability, and cell death assays were conducted to establish the biological functions of the ARHGEF26-AS1/miR-372-3p/ADAM23 pathway in ESCCs. Results. An FPI scoring model reflecting the activity of the ferroptosis pathway was constructed, and a ferroptosis-associated ceRNA network was established. The findings revealed that low expression of ADAM23 and ARHGEF26-AS1 as well as high expression of miR-372-3p was associated with poor prognosis and a lower FPI score in EC patients. Functionally, overexpression of ADAM23 and ARHGEF26-AS1 and the miR-372-3p inhibitor not only promoted ferroptosis in ESCC cells in vitro but also inhibited the proliferation and migration of cells. Mechanistically, ARHGEF26-AS1 upregulated the expression of ADAM23 by competitively binding to miR-372-3p. Conclusions. The study showed that the lncRNA, ARHGEF26-AS1 acts as a miR-372-3p sponge that regulates the neuropeptide LGI1 receptor ADAM23 expression. This in turn not only inhibits the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells but also upregulates the ferroptosis pathway. A neuropeptide-related ferroptosis regulatory pathway was identified in this study.
Peg-Shaped Lateral Incisors Treated with Ceramic Three-Quarter Crown
Authors: Kallala Rim , Nasri Sarra , Adli Amani , Dakhli Rihab , Habib Chaouch Mohamed , Soumaya Touzi , Zohra Nouira , Harzallah Belhassen , Cherif Mounir
Published: December 2021

In recent years, patients’ expectations are becoming higher in terms of esthetic dentistry. Having the ideal smile is becoming a purpose as the appearance of stars and famous persons have been undoubtedly improved through smile correction. Peg-shaped lateral incisors are a common dental form aberration which could distort the smile and may hamper patient psychology because of the smaller shape and size in disharmony with other teeth. Three-quarter ceramic veneers are a mini-invasive approach which could solve the esthetic problem of peg-shaped teeth and ensure patient’s satisfaction. The present paper was about a clinical case with peg-shaped lateral incisors treated with three-quarter ceramic crowns. It would also highlight the preparation particularities.
Effect of Hedan Tablets on Body Weight and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Liu Lian-Yong , Zhou Lin , Liu Xing-Zhen , Zou Da-Jin
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Apart from their recognized lipid-lowering effect, Hedan tablets, a mixture of Chinese herbal medicines, have demonstrated a certain weight-loss effect in clinical practice. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to verify the effect of Hedan tablets on body weight (BW) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: A total of 62 eligible patients with MetS were divided into two groups: the treatment group (Hedan tablets at 4.38 g/day tid) and the control group (placebo treatment). Both groups attended follow-ups at 8, 16, and 24 weeks during the process. The parameters of the assessment include lipid level, BW, triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (TG/HDLc), homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) index, and adiponectin. Results: Patients in the treatment group showed a significant decrease in BW compared to those in the control group (−4.47 vs. 0.06 kg) after 8 weeks of treatment. A significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) was also observed in the treatment group after 16 weeks of treatment (−1.79 vs. −0.03 kg/m2). In the treatment group, 20 out of 31 (64.5%) patients lost 5–10% BW and 4 out of 31 (12.9%) patients lost over 10% BW after 24 weeks of treatment. Although there were no significant changes in the patients’ HOMA-IR, the treatment group showed a significant reduction in TG/HDLc (−0.98 vs. −0.19) after 8 weeks of treatment and a significant increase in adiponectin (6.87 vs. −0.43) after 16 weeks of treatment. Discussion/Conclusion: The Hedan tablets significantly improve BW, BMI, TG/HDLc, and adiponectin in patients with MetS. Thus, Hedan tablets may be used as an adjunct to existing MetS management methods.
Managing Fall Prevention through Exercise in Older Adults Afflicted by Cognitive and Strength Impairment
Authors: Senderovich Helen , Bayeva Nadiya , Montagnese Basile , Yendamuri Akash
Published: December 2021

Introduction: A growing trend in medicine is older adults and increased need for geriatric services. Falls contribute heavily to hospitalizations and worsening of overall health in this frail demographic. There are numerous biological and physical culprits which, if targeted, can prevent falls. The objective was to review benefits of different types of exercises for fall prevention for older persons who are community-dwelling or living in long-term care facilities. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to determine the different types of exercises for fall prevention. Data extraction via a standardized protocol was performed to assess study design, outcomes, limitations, and author’s conclusions. Corroborative themes were identified and the authors responsible for the contributing research were cited as they came up. Nineteen randomized controlled trials were identified, between 1990 and 2018, using MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases. Studies involving adults greater than age 60 in high-risk community or nursing home populations in the English language with a duration longer than or equal to 6 weeks with focuses on either low-risk balance, strength, or combination of both and whole-body vibration. Results: Balance exercise training increased balance at 6 and 12-month intervals involving balance, strength, and cognitive training. Discussion: Insignificant results were seen in whole-body vibration and differing results existed for Tai Chi. It is important to recognize that although exercises help reduce the risk of falling and play a significant role in improving mobility safely, there will always be a risk of falls.
Severe Fetal Symptomatic Infection from Human Cytomegalovirus following Nonprimary Maternal Infection: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Lanna Mariano Matteo , Fabbri Elisa , Zavattoni Maurizio , Doneda Chiara , Toto Valentina , Izzo Giana , Casati Daniela , Faiola Stefano , Cetin Irene
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common congenital infection, especially severe after a maternal primary infection; sequelae in neonates born to mothers experiencing a nonprimary infection have been already reported. Hereby, two cases of severe fetal HCMV disease in seroimmune gravidas referred to our Unit are described. Cases Presentation: Case 1: A fetus at 21 weeks’ gestation with signs of anemia and brain abnormalities at ultrasound, described at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as ependymal irregularity and bilateral asymmetric parenchymal thinning; amniotic fluid sample was positive for HCMV although the woman had a previous immunity; after termination of pregnancy, autopsy demonstrated a thicken layer of disorganized neurons on the right cortical plate, while on the left, there was a morphological pattern coherent with polymicrogyria. Case 2: A fetus at 20 weeks’ gestation with anemia, moderate atrioventricular insufficiency, hepatosplenomegaly but no major cerebral lesions. Fetal blood was positive for HCMV, although unexpected for prepregnancy maternal immunity, and intrauterine transfusion was needed. A cesarean section at 34 weeks’ gestation was performed due to worsening condition of the fetus, who had a birthweight of 2,210 g and needed platelet transfusions, but MR examination and clinical evaluation were normal. Conclusion: The impact of nonprimary maternal infection on pregnancy outcome is unknown and fetal brain damage in HCMV seroimmune transmitter-mothers can occur as a consequence of maternal reinfection or reactivation for a hypotetic different role of HCMV-primed CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells in fetal brain, with progressive brain lesions coexistent in the first case and with severe unexpected anemia in the second case. A previous maternal HCMV immunity should not exempt to test anemic fetuses for such infection, nor to consider a potential transplacental transmission.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in the Management of Hypothalamic Glioma: A Case Report with Long-Term Follow-Up
Authors: Jumah Fareed , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Mallela Arka N. , Wiley Clayton A. , Lunsford L. Dade
Published: December 2021

Background: Optic pathway/hypothalamic gliomas are rare pediatric brain tumors. The management paradigm for these challenging tumors includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgical resection, but the optimal management strategy remains elusive. Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has emerged as a promising treatment for such lesions as documented by a small number of cases in the literature. Case Presentation: We present a rare case of hypothalamic glioma in a 13-year-old girl who was referred to our service due to growth of an incidentally diagnosed hypothalamic lesion following head injury at the age of 8 years. The lesion demonstrated hypointensity on T1- and hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging without contrast enhancement. Given the growth of the lesion on serial imaging, a stereotactic biopsy was performed demonstrating low-grade glioma. The patient underwent GKRS treatment with a marginal dose of 15 Gy at 50% isodose line for a tumor volume of 2.2 mL. Annual radiological surveillance over the next 17 years demonstrated a gradual shrinkage of the lesion until it completely disappeared. The patient is currently a healthy 31-year-old female without any visual, endocrine, or neurocognitive deficits. Conclusion: The outcome obtained after extended follow-up in our patient highlights the safety and efficacy of GKRS in the management of hypothalamic gliomas in pediatrics, which in turn can avoid potentially serious complications of surgery in this vulnerable patient population, especially in this sensitive location.
Methodological Aspects of Meta-Analyses Assessing the Effect of Blood Pressure–Lowering Treatment on Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Brunström Mattias , Thomopoulos Costas , Carlberg Bo , Kreutz Reinhold , Mancia Giuseppe
Published: December 2021

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are often considered the highest level of evidence, with high impact on clinical practice guidelines. The methodological literature on systematic reviews and meta-analyses is extensive and covers most aspects relevant to the design and interpretation of meta-analysis findings in general. Analyzing the effect of blood pressure–lowering on clinical outcomes poses several challenges over and above what is covered in the general literature, including how to combine placebo-controlled trials, target-trials, and comparative studies depending on the research question, how to handle the potential interaction between baseline blood pressure level, common comorbidities, and the estimated treatment effect, and how to consider different magnitudes of blood pressure reduction across trials. This review aims to address the most important methodological considerations, to guide the general reader of systematic reviews and meta-analyses within our field, and to help inform the design of future studies. Furthermore, we highlight issues where published meta-analyses have applied different analytical strategies and discuss pros and cons with different strategies.
Intravenous Thrombolysis After First-Ever Ischemic Stroke and Reduced Incident Dementia Rate
Authors: Cerasuolo Joshua O. , Mandzia Jennifer , Cipriano Lauren E. , Kapral Moira K. , Fang Jiming , Hachinski Vladimir , Sposato Luciano A.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The use of intravenous thrombolysis is associated with improved clinical outcomes. Whether thrombolysis is associated with reduced incidence of poststroke dementia remains uncertain. We sought to estimate if the use of thrombolysis following first-ever ischemic stroke was associated with a reduced rate of incident dementia using a pragmatic observational design.

Methods:

We included first-ever ischemic stroke patients from the Ontario Stroke Registry who had not previously been diagnosed with dementia. The primary outcome was incident dementia ascertained by a validated diagnostic algorithm. We employed inverse probability of treatment-weighted Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the cause-specific hazard ratio for the association of thrombolysis and incident dementia at 1 and 5 years following stroke.

Results:

From July 2003 to March 2013, 7072 patients with ischemic stroke were included, 3276 (46.3%) were female and mean age was 71.0 (SD, 12.8) years. Overall, 38.2% of the cohort (n=2705) received thrombolysis, 77.2% (n=2087) of which was administered within 3 hours of stroke onset. In the first year following stroke, thrombolysis administration was associated with a 24% relative reduction in the rate of developing dementia (cause-specific hazard ratio, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.58–0.97]). This association remained significant at 5 years (cause-specific hazard ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.66–0.91]) and at the end of follow-up (median 6.3 years; cause-specific hazard ratio, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.68–0.89]).

Conclusions:

Thrombolysis administration following first-ever ischemic stroke was independently associated with a reduced rate of dementia. Incident dementia should be considered as a relevant outcome when evaluating risk/benefit of thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients.
Safety and Feasibility of Reconstructing Dissection Tandem Lesions with Flow Diverter Stents during Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Diaz‐Silva Humberto , Piñana Carlos , Gramegna Laura Ludovica , Requena Manuel , Rivera Eila , González Eva María , Fondevila Monsó Juan José , Chirife Oscar , Moreu Manuel , Vega Pedro , Remollo Sebastià , Martínez Mario , Galván Jorge , Schuller Miguel , Cirillo Luigi , Hernández David , Ribo Marc , Tomasello Alejandro
Published: December 2021

Background

Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion may present with concomitant carotid dissections that make the technical approach for their treatment challenging. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and feasibility of flow diverter (FD) stents to treat carotid artery dissections in tandem lesions of acute ischemic stroke patients during mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods

A retrospective review of all patients in which a carotid artery dissection was treated with an FD during endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke between 2018 and 2020 was conducted in 5 high‐volume Comprehensive Stroke Centers. Patient clinical and angiographical characteristics, postoperative outcome, and follow‐up were recorded.

Results

A total of 12 patients (mean age: 54.18±14.74 years, median Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score: 10 [interquartile range 9–10]) were included. Successful FD stenting with immediate patency of the dissected segments and successful intracranial recanalization modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score 2b‐3 after thrombectomy was achieved in all patients. A good outcome (modified Rankin scale 0–2 at 90 days) was achieved in 66% (8/12) of patients. In 25% (3/12) of patients, an additional self‐expanding carotid stent was used to anchor the FD proximally at the carotid bulb level. Complications included 1 symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after procedure (24–48 hours) and 2 in‐stent stenoses at follow‐up.

Conclusions

In this small case series, the treatment of carotid artery dissection with FD stents was safe and technically feasible during mechanical thrombectomy of acute ischemic stroke patients with tandem lesions and resulted in a high rate of good clinical outcome. These results may provide the basis for designing larger prospective studies to assess the efficacy and safety of FD stents in selected patients with carotid tandem lesions.
The Four Signs of the Art: Edition and Translation of an Alchemical Epistle Attributed to Ḫālid b. Yazīd and its Latin Translation
Authors: Dapsens Marion , Moureau Sébastien
Published: December 2021

In the article, the authors present a study, a critical edition and an English translation of an Arabic alchemical epistle attributed to the Umayyad prince Ḫālid b. Yazīd, together with its Latin translation recently identified by the authors. Among the many alchemical works attributed to Ḫālid b. Yazīd, this untitled Risāla (inc.: ‮إني رأيت الناس طلبوا صنعة الحكمة‬‎) is the second most represented in the manuscript tradition, with no less than twelve witnesses containing it. Its partial Latin translation, available in six manuscripts, was also attributed to Calid, but the name of the translator remains unknown.
“Metempsychosis” and “Marvelous Affinities”: Re-Imagining the Past in the Ilyāḏah by Sulaymān al-Bustānī (1904) and in the Divano di ʿOmar ben al-Fared by Pietro Valerga (1874)
Authors: Benigni Elisabetta
Published: December 2021

This article focuses on the image of the past in two translations produced in the contexts of the Arab Nahḍah and of the Italian Risorgimento. The first translation is the Italian rendering of ʿOmar ibn al-Fāriḍ’s mystical poems, published in 1872 by Pietro Valerga (1821-1903). The second is the Arabic translation of the Iliad, published in 1902 by Sulaymān al-Bustānī (1856-1925). Both translators refer to the past as a translation strategy: Pietro Valerga reads Ibn al-Fāriḍ through the verses of Petrarch and, in his work’s introduction, emphasizes the transmission of medieval Arab poetry to Italy; Sulaymān al-Bustānī reconstructs the world of the Iliad through Arabic poetic tradition and compares Greece to the ǧāhiliyyah (pre-Islamic age). The article sheds light on the potential of translation as a space of re-imagination of the past and invites us to read the works as two distinct, yet akin, attempts to express original interpretations of Italian and Arabic literary histories based on syncretism and cross-cultural translatability.
The Tangut Text of Suiyuan ji and the History of Chan Buddhism in Xixia
Authors: Solonin Kirill , Yongfu Zhang
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses some problems pertaining to the spread of Sinitic Buddhism, especially of the Huayan Chan tradition in Xixia. These include issues of the transmission of the teaching as well as codicological and conceptual problems of the dissemination of the publications of Huayan Chan texts in Xixia. The paper presents evidence that the Chan Buddhist content available to the Tanguts was not limited to Huayan Chan, but included some knowledge of the Song-period Chan Buddhism. The paper introduces the previously unknown Tangut composition Suiyuan ji and discusses its structure as well as aspects of its contents.
“My Selection of Verses Earned Me a (Bad) Reputation!”: A Reflection on Ġhālib’s Published and Unpublished Verses
Authors: Farooqi Mehr Afshan
Published: December 2021

The great nineteenth-century poet Mirzā Asadullāh Ḳhān Ġhālib was a strict editor of his own work. As a result, he excised more than half of the verses when he published his Urdu dīvān in 1841. Most of these so-called rejected verses have been recovered and are available in comprehensive, scholarly editions of Ġhālib’s dīvān. In this paper I have examined the dynamics of selection by comparing and analyzing, verse by verse, Ġhālib’s process of selection. I chose Ġhālib’s published ġhazal that he constructed by cherry-picking verses from two ġhazals. My conclusion is that Ġhālib’s editing was personal. While in some cases it is possible to see the reasons behind making the choice, it seems arbitrary in others.
Climate Change in Court: Overcoming Procedural Hurdles in Transboundary Environmental Cases
Authors: Keller Helen , Pershing Abigail D
Published: December 2021

Climate change and its consequences will likely be the defining human rights challenge of the 21st Century. The European Court of Human Rights is well-placed to help shape the response to this looming crisis. Indeed, the first four applications concerning climate change have recently been filed before the Court. However, the applicants in these pending cases, as well as potential applicants in any future climate cases, will have to overcome significant procedural hurdles to ensure that the Court will hear their arguments on the merits. This article discusses some of the most significant issues that applicants seeking to bring climate cases will face, which include proving exhaustion of domestic remedies, establishing that the applicants have victim status, and demonstrating that the applicants face a significant disadvantage. This article considers how the Court can ensure that these admissibility hurdles do not preclude climate cases from receiving full consideration on the merits.
Eritrichium aktonense, a new synonym of E. subjacquemontii (Boraginaceae)
Authors: HAO JIA-CHEN , WANG YING-WEI , LIU QUAN-RU
Published: December 2021

Eritrichium aktonense Y.S.Lian & J.Q.Wang described from Aketao in southern Xinjiang is conspecific with E. subjacquemontii, a very widely spread and highly variable species in Pamirs, central Asia. We propose to synonymize Eritrichium aktonense with E. subjaquemontii.
Salvia beltraniorum (Lamiaceae), a new species in savannoid vegetation from Cosalá, Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-GALLEGOS JESÚS GUADALUPE , PÍO-LEÓN JUAN FERNANDO , CASTRO-CASTRO ARTURO
Published: December 2021

An undescribed Salvia species was discovered in savannoid vegetation in the municipality of Cosalá, Sinaloa, during botanical explorations addressed to document the endemic species of this Mexican state. This plant is morphologically most similar to Salvia pringlei, sharing with this the peculiar character of connivent calyces during fructification enclosing the mericarps. However, the new species differs by having smaller floral bracts, deep blue corollas instead of magenta, shorter corollas, corolla lips subequal in length, and shorter connectives and styles. Consequently, we describe and diagnosed this taxon as Salvia beltraniorum. A distribution map, photographs and an identification key to Salvia species in Sinaloa are also provided.
New species and occurrences of Caperonia (Euphorbiaceae) for South America
Authors: KÜLKAMP JOSIMAR , IGANCI JOÃO R. V. , CORDEIRO INÊS , BAUMGRATZ JOSÉ FERNANDO A.
Published: December 2021

Caperonia (Ditaxinae, Euphorbiaceae) has ca. 34 species distributed in the Americas and Africa, with approximately 26 of them occurring in South America. The species are exclusively of open marshy environments. The new species Caperonia amarumayu and C. maracaibensis, from Bolivia and Venezuela respectively, are hereby described. We also designate a lectotype, and report two new occurrences of C. zaponzeta for Bolivia and Brazil.
Begonia caryotarum (Begonia sect. Platycentrum), a new species from southeast Yunnan, China
Authors: DONG WEN-KE , LI JING-XIU , CHEN WEN-HONG , XIAO BO , SHUI YU-MIN
Published: December 2021

We describe Begonia caryotarum (B. sect. Platycentrum), a new species from southeast Yunnan, China, found in rock crevices at the foot of limestone hills in Caryota obtusa forest at elev. 700–900 m. The new species is most similar to B. hekouensis in having the same vestiture type on the petioles, flower tepal number, placentation structure, and ovary shape and color, but differs mainly in its leaf blade being asymmetric with an acute apex, tepals pinkish- to orangish-red, larger staminate tepals, anther connectives slightly extended, stigma once spiraled. Its conservation status is categorized as Critically Endangered [CR B2ab (ii, iv), C2a(i)].
A new species of the genus Colopalpus Pritchard and Baker (Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae) from China, with ontogenetic patterns in chaetotaxy
Authors: XU YUN , ZHANG FEI-PING
Published: December 2021

A new species, Colopalpus hibiscus sp. nov. (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is described from Hibiscus in Hainan province, China. The ontogenetic changes in the idiosoma and leg chaetotaxy on adults (female and male) and immature stages of this new species are presented. A key to species of Colopalpus is also provided.
Ontogenetic instars of Melanozetes paramollicomus sp. nov., with remarks on morphological ontogeny of Sphaerozetinae (Acari: Oribatida: Ceratozetidae)
Authors: BAYARTOGTOKH BADAMDORJ , ERMILOV SERGEY G. , SHTANCHAEVA UMUKUSUM YA. , SUBÍAS LUIS S.
Published: December 2021

Although the juvenile instars of oribatid mite subfamily Sphaerozetinae is well known compared to the other subfamilies of Ceratozetidae (Ceratozetinae and Trichoribatinae), information on morphological ontogeny of some species is still incomplete. Herein, Melanozetes paramollicomus sp. nov. is proposed from Ethiopia, based on adult and juvenile instars. Additionally, comparative analysis of ontogenetic instars of species belonging various genera of Sphaerozetinae with known juveniles, is given, and the major characteristics of juvenile instars of 20 species are presented.
Morphological ontogeny of Oribatella similesuperbula (Acari: Oribatida: Oribatellidae)
Authors: SENICZAK STANISŁAW , IVAN OTILIA , MARQUARDT TOMASZ , SENICZAK ANNA
Published: December 2021

Morphological ontogeny of Oribatella similesuperbula Weigmann, 2001 based on specimens from Romania, is described and illustrated. The nymphs of this species are apopheredermous, i.e. they carry the exuvial scalps of previous instars away from the dorsal integument, using modified setal pair da. The prodorsal and most gastronotal setae of juveniles are long and barbed, except for medium sized h2 and minute h3 in the larva, and medium sized c1, p2 and p3 in the nymphs. The larva has 12 pairs of gastronotal setae, the nymphs have 15 pairs. In all juveniles, a humeral organ is present.
AC Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of BiScO3–PbTiO3 Piezoelectric Ceramics
Authors: Ji Jae-Hoon , Oh Yoo-Young , Kim Bo Su , Han Wook-Hee , Koh Jung-Hyuk
Published: December 2021

Bi-based BiMeO3 (where Me is a transition metal) has been extensively studied owing to its outstanding ferroelectric properties. The dielectric and electrical properties of piezoelectric ceramics can be enhanced by the addition of Bi-based materials such as BiAlO3,
BiScO3 , and Bi(Mg, Ti)O3. Among them, BiScO3–PbTiO3 ceramics have shown excellent piezoelectric properties and temperature stability near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) region. Meanwhile, it is important to study the electrical properties
of piezoelectric materials such as dielectric permittivity, conductivity of ferroelectric compounds, since dielectric and conductivities are related to pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity. In this study, the AC conductivity and dielectric properties of BiScO3–PbTiO3
ceramics were investigated with a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. Especially,the effect of PbTiO3 content on dielectric behavior of the BiScO3–PbTiO3 system was intensively studied by impedance spectroscopy.
Astragaloside Attenuates Atherosclerosis Coupled Inflammation Through miR-101/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 (MKP-1)/p38 Signaling in Mice
Authors: Chen Zhidong , Tang Kankai , Xu Wei , Liu Fengqi , Zhu Bingnan , Shao Xueping
Published: December 2021

This study aimed at elucidating the effect of astragaloside on atherosclerosis coupled inflammation and potential mechanism in mice. C57BL/6J mice were maintained in high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce atherosclerosis, with or without treatment with astragaloside (50 mg/kg).
In turn, serum biochemical parameters in mice were also evaluated. Multiple tissue stain assay, including HE, were employed to assess the pathological alterations in arteries, and blood inflammation mediators were examined using ELISA. Expressions of microRNA101 (miR-101), p-p38 and mitogen-activated
protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) in the arteries were evaluated by qPCR and Western blot. Finally, AML-193 cells were transfected by miR-101 mimics and inhibitors. Expression of miR-101, MKP-1 and downstream inflammation cytokines were then analyzed. High-fat diet (HFD) mice with astragaloside
treatment exhibited reduced atherosclerotic plaques size evaluated by oil red o, improved hepatocyte steatosis, and increased collagen fibers in atherosclerotic plaques for more stable plaque. Further, astragaloside treatment suppressed miR-101 transcription and enhanced MKP-1 expression,
thus restraining the secretion of inflammation factors in vitro. Moreover, the inhibited impact of astragaloside in inflammatory factors production was ineffective in the presence of miR-101 mimics in AML-193 cells stimulated by LPS. Astragaloside exerted an anti-inflammatory role through
miR-101/MKP-1/p38 signaling, for reducing atherosclerotic plaques and alleviate inflammation damage in mice and AML-193 cell.
Microstructure Analysis and Bulk Texture Study in Wide Magnesium Alloy Sheets Processed by Twin-Roll Casting
Authors: Li Yu-Qing , Wang Tong , Liu Yun-Tao , Chen Dong-Feng , Sun Kai , Li Mei-Juan , Gan Wei-Min , Zha Min , Wang Si-Qing , Hofmann Michael , Liu Xiao-Long , Bai Ruo-Yu , Hou Yu-Han , Gao Jian-Bo , Li Xiao , Yu Zhou-Xiang , Tian Geng-Fang
Published: December 2021

The wide magnesium (Mg) alloy sheets produced by twin-roll casting (TRC) are prone to have an inhomogeneous microstructure and basal texture. Texture has a significant effect on the properties of Mg alloy sheets for the processes after TRC, which can be greatly modified by alloy composition.
However, systematic studies on the bulk texture of TRCed Mg alloy sheets using neutron diffraction are lacking. In this study, neutron diffraction was used to explore the bulk textures in different positions of the Mg, Mg–Al–Zn, and Mg–Al–Sn–Zn alloy sheets produced
by TRC, besides microstructure and micro-texture analysis using field emission scanning electron microscopy and electron backscattering diffraction. The influence of alloy composition on the microstructure and texture evolution of TRCed Mg alloy sheets is explored and discussed. The TRCed
pure Mg sheet possesses a relatively strong basal texture, and the texture distribution is inhomogeneous; while TRCed Mg–Al–Sn–Zn alloy sheets feature much weaker textures and a relatively homogenous distribution in different positions. The present study provides guidance
for the control of texture via tailoring alloy compositions, which provides candidate Mg alloys suitable for the TRC process.
Noise Characteristics of Tungsten Circular Blade During Sawing of Medium Density Fiberboard
Authors: Zhu Zhao-Long , Dong Wei-Hang , Wang Xiao-Dong (Alice) , Guo Xiao-Lei , Wu Zhan-Wen
Published: December 2021

This work deals with the noise generated from sawing processes of medium density fiberboard, where special attention was given to the changes in sawing noise at different cutting conditions when using circular saws with varied radial slots. The experimental results gave the following
insights: The noise level in idling is positively related to the spindle speed. According to the noise power spectra, whistling noise is found during sawing processes, which is mainly caused by self-excited vibration of saw, and it had directivity. Furthermore, the radial slots have a different
positive contribution to the noise reduction during idling, but has limited effect on the noise in cutting. In order to reduce the noise pollution induced by sawing, it was proposed to use circular saws with radial slots and copper plugged in its bottom for sawing of medium density fiberboard,
in respect to low noise level and avoiding whistling noise.
Box-Behnken Design Optimization of Etoposide Loaded Nanoemulsion: Formulation Development, Cellular Uptake Analysis and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation
Authors: Mahato Mrigendra , Anil Sukumaran , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Mir Showkat R. , Fouad H. , Ameen Sadia , Amin Saima
Published: December 2021

Etoposide is widely used in the management of different solid tumors as well as leukemias but low aqueous solubility and poor intestinal permeability limit its oral efficacy. The present investigation aimed to enhance the oral bioavailability of etoposide through formation of nanoemulsion
employing Box-Behnken design for formulation optimization. The effect of nanoemulsion composition (concentration of labrasol and solutol HS 15) and process parameters (sonication time) on globule size and polydispersity index were investigated. The optimized formulation was found to be with
globule size <200 nm and PDI of 0.129. The zeta potential value −35.8 mV for nanoemulsion indicated the formation of a stable colloidal system. The in-vitro release of etoposide from optimized nanoemulsion was conducted with the help of USP dissolution apparatus type-II in 250 ml
of gastric fluid of pH = 1.2 and intestinal fluid of pH 6.8 at 37±0.5 °C using dialysis bag. High drug release was achieved in case of nanoemulsion (47.127±0.82%) as compared to the marketed capsule (25.877±1.33%) and drug suspension (21.374±1.69%) in the simulated
intestinal fluid of pH 6.8 after 4 h. The developed delivery system exhibited pH-independent dissolution profile of the loaded etoposide. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) study of developed nanoemulsion system was done on intestinal tissue of Wistar rats and optical cross sections
revealed deeper penetration of Rhodamine B compared to the dye solution. A comparative in-vivo bioavailability profile of developed formulation, marketed product, and API suspension was also investigated after oral administration in Wistar rats. The relative bioavailability of etoposide
loaded nanoemulsion system was 2.5 times higher than the drug suspension and 1.7 times higher than the marketed capsule (Posid®). The findings of the current investigation proved that the developed nanoemulsion system is helpful to improve the bioavailability of P-gp substrate drugs like
etoposide that have low oral absorption.