bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las ofrendas de fauna en tumbas argáricas: nuevas perspectivas desde La Almoloya y La Bastida (Murcia)
Authors: Andúgar Lourdes , Celdrán Eva , Fregeiro M.ª Inés , Lull Vicente , Micó Pérez Rafael , Oliart Camila , Rihuete Herrada Cristina
Published: June 2021

Los restos de fauna, escasa o dudosamente documentados en tumbas del Grupo Argárico, han cobrado relevancia en los últimos años al amparo del concepto “comensalidad”. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar su aplicación en las interpretaciones actuales, así como explorar nuevas vías de análisis a partir de los registros de La Almoloya y La Bastida (Murcia). Los resultados indican que la asignación de porciones faunísticas fue una práctica frecuente y socialmente transversal, que solo excluyó de forma significativa a la población infantil y que, con el tiempo, se hizo más restrictiva. Más que indicadoras de distancia socioeconómica, las ofrendas faunísticas tuvieron un sentido político: la donación de “alimento” resultó clave en el reconocimiento social de buena parte de los miembros de las comunidades argáricas.
Une lecture grammaticale de séquences choisies dans les échanges philosophiques
Authors: Blasco Mylène
Published: June 2021

Dans ce travail, nous proposons de porter un éclairage grammatical sur des extraits de discussions à visée philosophique. Il s’agit d’analyser d’un point de vue syntaxique ces propos argumentés pour en montrer l’organisation générale, les régularités, les variations et de faire des propositions quant à la façon dont on peut décrire leur planification. Après avoir explicité notre démarche pour l’analyse des relations grammaticales et après avoir présenté la méthode de visualisation des textes – la mise en grilles –, nous montrons, sur des séquences choisies, comment analyser ce type d’énoncés d’un point de vue syntagmatique et paradigmatique. Notre description syntaxique sur des passages plus ou moins longs vérifie que la construction des énoncés dépasse un simple principe d’organisation générale de l’oral. Il y a des propriétés remarquables de régularité et de symétrie auxquelles les locuteurs semblent obéir dans ce type de productions, que l’on peut mettre en relation avec la problématique du raisonnement et la question de l’élaboration de l’énoncé.
Les savoirs enseignés à l’université : une piste pour saisir les difficultés d’apprentissage rencontrées par les étudiants de première année ?
Authors: Baillet Dorothée , Kahn Sabine , Rey Bernard
Published: June 2021

En pédagogie universitaire, peu de travaux ont envisagé qu’une part des difficultés rencontrées par les étudiants puisse être relative aux savoirs universitaires. À partir de la description de quatre cours et de l’analyse de vingt entretiens menés auprès d’étudiants inscrits pour la première fois à l’université, l’article s’attelle à mettre en perspective, d’une part, les spécificités des savoirs enseignés à l’université et, d’autre part, les difficultés que les étudiants rencontrent lorsqu’ils se les approprient. Les résultats tendent à montrer qu’au-delà des spécificités disciplinaires, il existe un fond commun de caractéristiques aux savoirs enseignés à l’université et qu’elles peuvent être à l’origine de difficultés pour les étudiants. En ce sens, interroger les savoirs enseignés à l’université semble être une voie heuristique féconde pour contribuer à saisir les mécanismes en jeu dans l’apprentissage à l’université.
L’accompagnement individuel des collégiens à HPI évalué par les élèves : qualité de la relation adulte/élève et apports psychosociaux perçus‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬
Authors: Buard Karine , Puustinen Minna , Courtinat-Camps Amélie
Published: June 2021

Plusieurs collèges publics français proposent un accompagnement individuel aux élèves à haut potentiel intellectuel (HPI). L’étude de la perception de cet accompagnement (apports sur le plan psychosocial, qualité de la relation avec l’adulte) via des questionnaires proposés à ces collégiens (n = 66) a permis de distinguer quatre profils d’élèves : pour l’un d’entre eux, les apports perçus de cet accompagnement étaient positifs avec une relation de très bonne qualité avec l’adulte accompagnant ; pour les trois autres, les apports perçus étaient très faibles, voire nuls, et ce malgré une (très) bonne qualité de la relation dans deux profils. Une relation de qualité entre l’adulte et l’élève, déterminante pour la réussite de cet accompagnement, ne semble ainsi pas suffisante pour garantir des apports perçus positivement.
Écrire au lycée professionnel : remédiation ou émancipation ?
Authors: Amaral Cindy De , Frier Catherine
Published: June 2021

Cet article revient sur des analyses effectuées dans le cadre d’une thèse labellisée Institut Carnot de l’Éducation et soutenue en 2019. Cette thèse visait à faire un état des lieux de la compétence rédactionnelle d’élèves de lycée professionnel et à tester un dispositif didactique de remédiation-formation à l’écriture auprès de ces élèves. Nous proposons ici une analyse secondaire de données issues de cette recherche afin d’évaluer la dimension émancipatrice du dispositif à l’égard des différents acteurs impliqués dans le projet : élèves, enseignants, chercheurs.
Problématologie des questions socialement vives. Repères épistémologiques pour l’école
Authors: Fabre Michel
Published: June 2021

L’introduction des « éducations à » dans le curriculum scolaire vient, entre autres bouleversements, questionner l’idéal cartésien selon lequel les problèmes, dans la recherche, les métiers ou l’école, peuvent toujours être construits et résolus par des méthodes bien définies et leurs solutions évaluables selon des critères objectifs. Avec la prise en compte des questions socialement vives, l’école s’ouvre au traitement de problèmes mal structurés, flous et même pernicieux. Peut-on tirer, de l’analyse de travaux anglo-saxons sur le sujet, des repères épistémologiques pour le traitement didactique de tels problèmes qui sont caractéristiques du monde problématique qui est le nôtre et auquel il faut préparer le futur citoyen ?
Leading While the Building Is on Fire
Authors: Wallace Denelle L.
Published: June 2021

Significant changes in organizational leadership are often accompanied by organizational members suffering from trauma. This situation is not for the faint of heart; however, it is an opportunity to employ a leadership style that enables an inviting and safe environment. This “culture of care” maintains efficiency and clearly articulates the vision of the organization, while addressing its mission and goals. Leading during a time of turmoil, trauma, and drastic change requires a leader to be intentional. The leader must know who they are, what they believe, and what they value. They must establish a clear path for the organization, and plan for the unexpected. The leader's compassion, consistency, empathy, fairness, honesty, professionalism, and transparency will serve as the standard by which all others follow.
Introduction to Bioentrepreneurship
Authors: Sinha Dwaipayan , Singh Anjana , Kumar Pawan
Published: June 2021

Ever since the onset of civilization, humans have been continuously improvising and innovating on different aspects to make their livelihood more sustainable. This innovation reached a steep uptrend trajectory during the industrial revolution, and with the discovery of DNA and emergence of genetic engineering, our civilization entered a new era of biotechnology where desirable traits can be easily engineered into an organism to obtain a desired product. However, it was soon realized that in order to make the product reachable to the masses, integration of science, biology, and technology with business is of the utmost importance. This resulted in the genesis of the concept of bioentrepreneurship. Presently, it is a rapidly emerging discipline connecting two large domains, namely biotechnology and business. This chapter overviews bioentrepreneurship. It highlights the various requirements and measures implemented to start a bioentrepreneurship programme.
Significance of Bioentrepreneurship
Authors: Kumari Diksha
Published: June 2021

Since the age of civilization, humans have been using products based on biotechnology, and these products have become part of our daily lives. The entrepreneur is the driving force of any organization. Biotechnology entrepreneurship is the alliance of two disciplines, business and science. Biotechnology-related business is aimed to commercialize the bio-products as well as enhance the research to benefit the human race. Firstly, bio-entrepreneurship has the potential to develop new techniques to protect the environment from diseases, fuel production, feed the hungry, and various other product preparations. Hence, these products provide new and better ways with minimum side effects to detect, cure, and prevent harmful diseases. Secondly, these bio-based products including biofuels and renewable chemicals are targeted to grow from approximately $203.3 billion in 2015 to $487 billion by 2024.
COVID-19 and the War
Authors: Karataş İbrahim
Published: June 2021

This chapter studies the coronavirus pandemic in war conditions by analyzing the case of Syria, where a civil war has been ongoing since 2011. It reveals that COVID-19 was trouble in another trouble, impoverishing people, causing hunger and death. The research also shows that since the pandemic does not cause a high number of fatalities that can force warring parties to lay down their weapons, the Syrian regime and the two hostile opposition groups continued to fight. The study argues that the Assad regime has weaponized COVID-19 to force dissidents to kneel. Yet, opposition groups resisted the regime and tried to survive with the help of their allies. Theoretically, this study agrees that human security is not possible without state security and argues that authoritarian regimes can sacrifice the former to ensure the survival of the latter. Methodologically, besides literature review and benefiting from reports about COVID-19, interviews were made with experts.
Finally Learning to Live
Authors: Llano Fabian Andrés
Published: June 2021

The role of the social sciences in the post-pandemic period will be to promote new ways of life. Given the threat posed to the human species, it is necessary to promote cultural exchanges that allow us to learn to live from inclusion. The new sociabilities and solidarities can converge in possibilities of recognizing different identities and symbolic repertoires that are generally excluded and marginalized. One way of reactivating these discussions and recognising these heritages and marginalities can be proposed through cultural tourism to reaffirm life. It is not a question of mass tourism that puts humanity at risk, but rather the promotion of literature, art, and religion, which can show the world forms of resistance, solidarity, and humanity in times of crisis. This cultural tourism requires the involvement of the intercultural and the heritage as the axis of articulation of historical reflection, with the aim of reactivating symbolic reparations under a cultural recognition of construction of identity processes.
The Impact of a Pandemic on Historically Black College/University Educators
Authors: Hairston Kimetta R.
Published: June 2021

The treasure of the Black experience at a Historically Black College/University (HBCU) is that it offers personal and intimate interactions rooted in Black heritage that cannot be found at other higher education institutions. When an individual attends an HBCU, their experience becomes a part of their culture. In addition, the on-campus face-to-face instruction and activities at an HBCU focus on addressing issues that plague the Black community and are paramount for students. There are 107 HBCUs, three are permanently closed. In 2019, approximately one-third of the HBCUs offered fully online courses and programs to their students. When the pandemic shut down all brick-and-mortar higher education campuses, along with in-person learning, the remaining HBCUs went fully online in order to survive. PreK-12 school districts and everyone in America found themselves in a virtual education world. This chapter explores the impact of the pandemic on HBCU affiliates.
The Role of Followers in Higher Education During a Pandemic
Authors: Edmonds Wendy M. , Crawford Yvonne Mingo
Published: June 2021

The campus community was notified that classes were cancelled leading up to spring break due to COVID-19. Aggressive preparations for remote teaching began taking shape for the time when classes would resume. This chapter delves into leader/follower dynamics among faculty-student and student-student relationships. Examples describing how faculty accomplished the task of addressing some of these issues from a leader/follower relationship perspective will be an additional focus in this chapter.
Mobile Social Commerce
Authors: Balague Christine , Zhao Zhenzhen
Published: June 2021

S-commerce and M-commerce become buzz word recent years. The social and mobile elements have brought new ways of thinking as well as challenging opportunities in e-commerce. In this chapter, we firstly introduce the concepts of online social commerce, its classifications and social shopping behaviors. Secondly, we analyze the evolution from online social commerce to mobile social commerce. Different case studies are given to demonstrate the concept of mobile social commerce, to precisely define how mobile and social feathers add value to traditional e-commerce.
Study on E-Commerce Adoption in SMEs Under the Institutional Perspective
Authors: Almaaf Bader Ali A  , Miao Jian-Jun , Tran Quang Dung
Published: June 2021

This article investigates and discusses the institutional factors influencing decisions of e-commerce adoption in Saudi small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from the temporal view. This article has been conducted in two phases: a full survey in 2013 and the follow-up targeted interviews in 2016. The analysis results demonstrated that there is a clear difference between initial e-commerce adoption and institutionalization in SMEs in terms of institutional predictors. When e-commerce was at its infant stage, governmental support and well-defined legal and regulations system were instrumental and served as mainly institutional forces to encourage firms to adopt e-commerce. As time went on and e-commerce became more business-driven, these effects become less important, even insignificant; instead of these, perceived market forces and perceived social awareness of e-commerce emerges as critical contributions to push SMEs to engage in e-commerce more sophisticatedly.
Structural Equation Modelling of the Factors Influencing the Adoption of E-Commerce in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqahtani Abdullah Saleh , Goodwin Robert , de Vries Denise
Published: June 2021

This article presents findings from a study examining the diffusion and adoption of e-commerce in Saudi Arabia. Although the country has the largest and fastest growing information and communication technologies (ICT) sector in the Arab region, growth in e-commerce activities has not progressed at a commensurate rate. In general, e-commerce online shopping has not kept pace with the global growth of online retailing. The authors have conducted research to identify and explore key issues that influence e-commerce in Saudi Arabia in deciding whether or not to adopt online channels. As part of a larger research project using mixed methods, this article focuses on a quantitative analysis of responses obtained from a survey of the online shopping users in Saudi Arabia.
Designing Indulgent Interaction
Authors: Parker Christopher J. , Doyle Stephen A.
Published: June 2021

Electronic Commerce (e-commerce) has transformed the retail environment and has become an ever increasingly important channel of the global economy. Within this, fashion retail has been a driving force, with increasing brand growth and profit deriving through Mobile Commerce (m-commerce). While the high-street fashion retailers have been key drivers and innovators in creating engaging and persuasive m-commerce app offerings, the high end and luxury fields have to date been slow to adopt and innovate at a comparable rate. This chapter explores the history and meaning of luxury and branding, in relation to the current state of m-commerce in fashion. Specific reference is given to the current state of m-commerce design in the retail domain between luxury and high-street market levels. Key questions and leading developments in the realm of interaction and User Experience (UX) design are presented along with directions on how to design for luxury m-commerce interactions.
A Novel Fuzzy Integrated Customer Needs Prioritization Software Tool for Effective Design of Online Shopping Websites
Authors: Sharma Ashish K. , Khandait Sunanda
Published: June 2021

Albeit, online shopping has grown much recently, users' rate of satisfaction has declined due to the ineffective design of online shopping websites. Thus, the companies involved are craving for well-designed websites. Effective website design involves decision making and thus this paper considers Quality Function Deployment (QFD) as it is a strong decision-making tool. However, QFD uses crisp scoring approach that generates uncertainty and vagueness resulting in impreciseness and inconsistency in results. The issue can be addressed using fuzzy integration. QFD involves prioritization of Customer Needs (CNs) and Technical Requirements (TRs). However, the paper focuses on only CNs prioritization. Also, the existing software's lack the indispensable fuzzy support feature to handle the uncertainty and vagueness. Thus, the paper presents a novel fuzzy integrated customer needs prioritization software tool. The tool is built using Visual Basic Dot Net (VB.Net) and MS-Access. A real-life example is presented to demonstrate the viability of the software tool.
Secure Payment Modes Technology for E-Commerce Applications
Authors: Sharma Niteesha , Prashanth Adiraju Rao
Published: June 2021

E-commerce refers to business and customers buying and selling products online. There are significant improvements in the areas of initiating sale of products, placing orders, making payments, and transfer of funds. This has led to a much better global economy and better living standards for all. While buying products online, it is essential to know the payment method that ensures authentication and also many other security issues. There are many payments modes available in market today. This chapter presents different protocols and its security issues that relate to a specific payment mode.
Understanding Vietnamese Consumer Intention to Use Online Retailer Websites
Authors: Ahamed A. F. M. Jalal , Limbu Yam , Pham Long , Van Nguyen Ha
Published: June 2021

This study examines the applicability of an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) that incorporates trust, perceived risk, and self-enhancement as antecedents to the TAM constructs. Data collected from 299 Vietnamese online consumers, through a self-administered survey, were entered into a structural equation model using AMOS 23 to establish causality. The results partially confirm the applicability of TAM to the online shopping intentions of Vietnamese consumer, though contrary to expectations, perceived ease of use does not predict behavioral intentions. Trust and self-enchantment fit well with the TAM; the inclusion of perceived risk as an antecedent is questionable. The findings offer new opportunities for explaining TAM theory in light of Schwartz's value dimensions. This article thus concludes with a discussion of the research contributions and implications.
Enhancing Calculative Commitment and Customer Loyalty Through Online Relationship Marketing
Authors: Boateng Sheena Lovia
Published: June 2021

This study examines the mediating role of online trust in enhancing calculative commitment and customer loyalty through online relationship marketing activities (engagement and interactivity). The study draws on signaling theory. Data were gathered from 429 retail bank customers in Ghana and analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural path modelling. Findings suggest that engagement is assessed to be low by Ghanaian bank customers and presently has no influence on customer commitment, online trust, and customer loyalty. However, signals communicated through interactivity online is of great benefit to the banks in influencing customers' online trust, as well as their calculative commitment and loyalty. Further, though, website and email emerged as the most predominant technologies used in online relationship marketing (ORM), customers also expect banks to engage with them through social media, which has the potential to improve upon the current levels of ORM activities.
Understanding Egyptian Consumers' Intentions in Online Shopping
Authors: Elseidi Reham I.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article is to investigate the factors that impact on Egyptian consumers' attitudes and intentions to use online shopping by integrating the technology acceptance models of Davis, and Fishbein and Ajzen's theory of reasoned action. In addition, other variables will be added such as trust and perceived enjoyment for its theoretical framework. A total 306 current internet users in Egypt provided usable responses. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the proposed model and research hypotheses. The findings showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust and perceived enjoyment were the significant predictors of attitude toward online shopping; whereas, attitude, perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment were the most important factors affect the behavioural intention toward online shopping. The article provides some useful suggestions for the practitioners within the online shopping field.
Components of Consumer Factor and Its Influence on Attitude of the Student Online Shopping Community
Authors: Kumar R.Rajendra
Published: June 2021

This research article analyzed the impact of Consumer factors like privacy, security, time saving and convenience and its impact on the attitude of consumers of online shopping. Further, the difference between the variables such as frequency of online shopping, time spent for shopping online, products often purchased during online shopping, value of money spent during shopping, mode of payment preferred and the consumer factors were also identified to ascertain the actual relationship. The research has focused on the student's community as the data set and their views on online shopping were collected through Questionnaire.
A Review of Antecedents of Online Repurchase Behavior in Indian E-Commerce Paradigm Shift
Authors: Habeeb Syed , Sudhakar K. Francis
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this chapter is to highlight research areas of customer satisfaction and repurchase intentions and their antecedents in the Indian e-commerce industry. To retain, attract, and satisfy customers, e-retailers need to understand how and why online customers evaluate a web store. The relevant areas of consumer behavior and marketing research were derived to explain the possible gaps to study with respect to e-commerce in India. To do so, a systematic review of online consumer behavior literature is conducted. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 109 journal articles are analyzed. The major finding of the chapter was that there is very less amount of research considering the areas of customer satisfaction, trust, loyalty along with repurchase behavior of the online customer in specific to the Indian context. Therefore, it is a need of the hour to extend the study to know the repurchase behavior of the online consumer in present time.
Analyzing Online Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Gao Jennifer H.
Published: June 2021

Online shopping is becoming more and more popular in China. This study investigates factors that might influence customer satisfaction towards online shopping. A theoretical framework was established to explain causal relationships between perceived benefits, perceived risks, trust in online shopping and customer satisfaction. Data was collected from 402 respondents who had experience in online shopping in mainland China. Correlations and regression analyses were done to reveal that three factors of perceived benefits (i.e., shopping convenience, product selection, and hedonic enjoyment), product risk, and trust in online shopping were significant predictors of customer satisfaction. Implications for e-marketers were discussed, and limitations and future research were presented.
What Does Using a Shared Franco-German Toolbox Reveal About the Discourse of Teacher Trainers on Interculturality?
Authors: Lemoine-Bresson Veronique , Macaire Dominique
Published: June 2021

From 2011 to 2015, the Franco-German Youth Office (FGYO – Office franco-allemand pour la Jeunesse [OFAJ]/Deutsch-Französisches Jugendwerk [DFJW]) conducted a major research project entitled La Valisette franco-allemande/Die deutsch-französische Kinderkiste. The aim of the project was to explore teacher trainers' conceptions of language and interculturality through the use of a pedagogical and cultural “toolbox.” This article explores the nature of interculturality in the specific context of early childhood education. It theorizes interculturality as both a polysemic and polemic notion and navigates between “renewed interculturality” in a “liquid approach” and an essentialist framework in a “solid approach.” The study argues that analysing the discourse and meta-discourse of teacher trainers (called “multipliers”) during focus groups on the shared toolbox is an effective way to explore the notion of interculturality.
Android Adware Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Bagui Sikha , Benson Daniel
Published: June 2021

Adware, an advertising-supported software, becomes a type of malware when it automatically delivers unwanted advertisements to an infected device, steals user information, and opens other vulnerabilities that allow other malware and adware to be installed. With the rise of more and complex evasive malware, specifically adware, better methods of detecting adware are required. Though a lot of work has been done on malware detection in general, very little focus has been put on the adware family. The novelty of this paper lies in analyzing the individual adware families. To date, no work has been done on analyzing the individual adware families. In this paper, using the CICAndMal2017 dataset, feature selection is performed using information gain, and classification is performed using machine learning. The best attributes for classification of each of the individual adware families using network traffic samples are presented. The results present an average classification rate that is an improvement over previous works for classification of individual adware families.
Can ESA Method Through Quizizz Games Enhance Vocabulary Knowledge?
Authors: Katemba Caroline V. , Sinuhaji Grace V.
Published: June 2021

The teaching of vocabulary is essential in the world of teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). EFL learners have problems in learning vocabulary. To attract the students' attention, the teachers should have adequate teaching methods. One of the teachers' efforts to engage the students is by applying ESA (engage, study, and activate) through Quizizz to find out the enhancement of students' vocabulary knowledge. The study was done in a public junior high school. This was a quantitative research with a sample of 65-students. The students were divided into two groups as experimental and control group. The result of this study showed that both groups have enhanced their vocabulary knowledge. Also, there is a significant difference between the experimental and the control group. Student responses through the questionnaire show they like the learning model. Therefore, it can be concluded that ESA through Quizizz games are effective methods for teaching vocabulary, and also the use of Quizizz can be done at all academic levels from the primary to the tertiary level. The students enjoy and are excited to learn through this model.
When Emotions Rule Knowledge
Authors: Fteimi Nora , Hornung Olivia , Smolnik Stefan
Published: June 2021

Although emotions play an important role in human behavior and knowledge studies, knowledge management (KM) research considers them from specific angles and, to date, has lacked a comprehensive understanding of the emotions dominating KM. To offer a holistic view, this study investigates the presence of emotions in KM publications by applying a sentiment analysis. The authors present a sentiment dictionary tailored to KM, apply it to KM publications to determine where and how emotions occur, and categorize them on an emotion scale. The considerable amount of positive and negative emotions expressed in KM studies prove their relevance to and dominance in KM. There is high term diversity but also a need to consolidate terms and emotion categories in KM. This study's results provide new insights into the relevance of emotions in KM research, while practitioners can use this method to detect emotion-laden language and successfully implement KM initiatives.
A Review on Conservation of Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Odeyinka Oluwadara J. , Ajibola Opeyemi A. , Ndinechi Michael C. , Nosiri Onyebuchi C. , Onuekwusi Nnaemeka Chiemezie
Published: June 2021

This paper is a review on energy conservation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to the nature of wireless sensor nodes in terms of deployment and their common usage in terrains with limited access, recharging or replacing sensor nodes batteries may be difficult. This paper examined various sources of energy in WSNs Battery, energy harvesting and energy transference. Also, various energy usage operations and energy wastage activities in WSNs were examined, and comparisons of different routing protocols based on network structure, energy dissipation, data communication cost, and entire energy usage in WSNs were itemized. The prospects of the machine learning (ML) approach in addressing energy constraint issues in WSNs were reviewed. This paper recommends a compound approach in routing decisions to maximize energy usage operation and minimize energy wastage activities, consideration for energy harvesting and transference mechanisms, and exploring the potentials in ML algorithms to resolve energy problem in wireless sensor networks.
In Other Words
Authors: Liu Yiqing , Wang Caiwen
Published: June 2021

This empirical study takes a cognitive perspective and examines the translation of metaphors in speeches by Chinese President Xi Jinping as collected in the first volume of the book The Governance of China published in 2014. The study draws upon Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphor theory and Newmark's categories of translation procedure for metaphors. The researchers' data analysis has shown that (1) four out of the eight existing translation procedures for metaphors are employed in translating Xi's metaphors, and (2) while the use of one translation procedure reflects similar cognitive mapping conditions between the source and the target culture, the use of the other procedures does not always correlate with the similarities or differences in cognitive mappings between the two cultures in question. The research raises new inquiries regarding metaphor translation, and the researchers accordingly discuss the implications of their findings for metaphor translation pedagogy and future translation studies.
Book Review
Authors: Wang Yanwei
Published: June 2021

The significance of Patterson's work Understanding Metaphor Through Corpora: A Case Study of Metaphors in Nineteenth Century Writing is that only through corpus linguistics have we been able to apply real empirical evidence to our arguments of what metaphor is. By demonstrating that metaphor is supposed to be approached from a linguistic perspective along with a psycholinguistic one, Patterson succeeds in drawing readers' attention to the efficacy and the benefits of combining corpus linguistic methodology with the theory of lexical priming. Thus, the volume is an essential reader for students and researchers in corpus linguistics, metaphor studies, lexicography, semantics, and pragmatics.
Mechanical and Metallurgical Characterization of Al-6061 HMMC with SiCp and Graphitep as a Reinforcement
Authors: Kumar G. Srinivas , Reddy Y. Venkata Mohana , Reddy B. Chandra Mohana
Published: June 2021

The present investigation considers an experimental study of wear analysis of Al-6061 HMMC with SiCp & Graphitep as a reinforcement & optimization of wear testing parameters based on the Taguchi technique coupled with Linear Regression analysis. A Linear Regression Equation obtained from regression analysis is used as a confirmation test, for the optimum testing parameters that are obtained to get the minimum wear rate and maximum Co-efficient of Friction of Al-6061 HMMC. The wear rate experiments are carried out by utilizing the combinations of tribological testing parameters based on the L9 Taguchi OA with four testing parameters of namely applied load, Speed, Track diameter and % of reinforcement. The three materials, Al-6061 HMMC are developed by reinforcing Al-6061 aluminium alloy with different (3, 5 & 7) % of weight fraction (SiCp+Graphitep), particulates of size (<30m) in an electric crucible melting furnace. It is observed that sliding velocity has a significant contribution in controlling the friction and wear behaviour of Al-6061 HMMC (SiCp+Graphitep). A confirmation test is carried out to verify the results obtained through the optimization technique. In addition to above tests, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, Elemental Characterization can be achieved by using of EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscope), Surface Roughness is performed on the specimens to study the uniform dispersion of particulate matter, along with hardness test.
Prevention of Acute Lung Injury by a Novel CD14-Inhibitory Receptor Activator of the NF-κB Ligand Peptide in Mice
Authors: Ju Nan , Hayashi Hiroki , Shimamura Munehisa , Yoshida Shota , Nakamaru Ryo , Nakagami Hironori , Morishita Ryuichi , Rakugi Hiromi
Published: June 2021

Although CD14 has been implicated in the initiation of multiple TLR-mediated inflammatory responses to sepsis and sepsis-related acute lung injury (ALI), an inhibitor of CD14, except for neutralizing Abs, has not been developed. A partial peptide, microglial healing peptide 1 with N-terminal acetylation and C-terminal amidation (MHP1-AcN), derived from the receptor activator of the NF-кB ligand, was recently found to inhibit multiple TLR signaling in the macrophages. Therefore, we hypothesized that the inhibitory effect of MHP1-AcN might be through the inhibition of CD14, a common coreceptor for multiple TLRs. In cultured mouse macrophages, MHP1-AcN was shown to bind to CD14 and compete with LPS for competitive inhibition of CD14, resulting in inhibition of TLR4 signaling, including NF-кB and IFN regulatory factor 3 activation and nuclear translocation. In addition to TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7, MHP1-AcN also inhibited TLR3 signaling and Escherichia coli DNA–induced, CD14-dependent TLR9 signals; however, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide–induced, CD14-independent TLR9 signals were not inhibited in the mouse macrophages. In sepsis-induced ALI mouse model, MHP1-AcN treatment showed the reduction in the expression of IL-6 and CCL2 in both the serum and lung tissues. IL-6 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and pathological score were also decreased by MHP1-AcN. Thus, MHP1-AcN, a novel CD14 inhibitor, could be a promising agent for treating sepsis-induced ALI.
Going Beyond the State Law: Investigating High School Sport-Related Concussion Protocols
Authors: Beidler Erica , Welch Bacon Cailee E. , Hattrup Nicholas , Powers Cassidy , Saitz Lilly , Valovich McLeod Tamara C.
Published: June 2021

Context

State laws provide general guidelines for sport-related concussion (SRC) management but do not comprehensively address the multiple layers of management for this complex injury. Although high schools are encouraged to develop SRC protocols that include both state law tenets and additional management practices, the execution of these protocols warrants examination.

Objective

To investigate state law compliance and practice components included in high school SRC protocols and determine whether the degree of sports medicine coverage influenced protocol quality.

Design

Qualitative document analysis.

Setting

High school athletics.

Patients or Other Participants

In total, 184 Pennsylvania high schools (24.3% of schools statewide; full-time athletic trainers [ATs] = 149, part-time ATs = 13, missing = 22) voluntarily provided copies of their protocols from the 2018–2019 academic year.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Four ATs conducted document analyses using a 67-item component analysis guide. Frequencies were computed for included protocol components related to the state law, preparticipation and prevention, recognition and assessment, and management. The difference in the total number of included components (maximum = 60) by sports medicine coverage was assessed using a Mann-Whitney U test.

Results

Heterogeneity existed in the components included in the submitted protocols. Only 23.4% included all mandatory state law tenets. Immediate removal from play was noted in 67.4% of protocols, whereas only 1.6% contained prevention strategies. Return to play was addressed more frequently than return to learn (74.5% versus 32.6%). The sample had a mean of 15.5 ± 9.7 total components per protocol. Schools with full-time sports medicine coverage had more protocol components than those with part-time ATs (15 [interquartile range = 8.5–22.5] versus 6 [3–10.5] median components; U = 377.5, P < .001).

Conclusions

School-level written SRC protocols were often missing components of the state law and additional best-practice recommendations. Full-time sports medicine coverage in high schools is recommended to increase SRC protocol and health care quality.
Evaluation of Contact-Wear Behavior of Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic Materials; In vitro Study
Authors: Yilmaz Efe Cetin , Sadeler Recep
Published: June 2021

Background:

The purpose of this work is to evaluation of contact-wear behavior of lithium disilicate glass ceramic materials under in vitro chewing tests.

Methods:

Eight specimens of each ceramic materials were exposed contact-wear tests using a computer-controlled chewing simulator (1.2 Hz 50 N bite force loads, 120.000 mechanical cycles, constantly 37 °C temperature immersed in distill water. Al2O3 balls of 6 mm in diameter were used for each chewing test. The mean volume loss of all ceramic specimens after the contact-wear tests was determined with use 3D profilometer. In addition to a random specimen was selected from each test group and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken for analysis of wear tracks.

Results:

As a result, the ceramic materials tested in this study showed similar wear behaviors after 120.000 chewing tests.

Conclusions:

However, it was observed that more particles were carried on the wear surface and occurred micro cracks of the IPS e.max ceramic material. These micro cracks can be the continuation of cracks that occur subsurface of ceramic material.
Atherogenic Index of Plasma
Authors: Dabla Pradeep Kumar , Sharma Shikha , Saurabh Kumar , Chauhan Ishit , Girish M. P. , Gupta Mohit Dayal
Published: June 2021

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading cause of death among Indian population. It has been directly linked to hypercholesterolemia, particularly elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and low plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. The lipid tetrad index (LTI) and lipid pentad index (LPI) have been recently described as a new form of assessment of lipid profiles. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and other lipid indices such as LTI and LPI in young myocardial infarction (MI) patients from North India.

Methods:

The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Cardiology at GB Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi. A total of 240 individuals were included in the study in which 135 were patients of ST-elevation MI of the age 15–45 years, along with 105 age-matched controls during the period of July 2019 till December 2019. LTI was calculated as TC*TG*Lp(a)/HDL and LPI as TC*TG*Lp(a)*ApoB/ApoA1. AIP is calculated according to the formula: log (TG/HDL-C).

Results:

The lipid parameters including total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C were significantly increased in the acute MI cases in comparison to controls. HDL-C was significantly decreased in the cases. Lipoprotein (a), ApoB levels, and ApoB/ApoA1 were also significantly increased in the cases. On the other hand, ApoA1 levels were significantly decreased in the patients. LTI and LPI were significantly increased in the acute MI cases as compared to controls. On correlating lipid parameters with LTI and LPI, a significant positive correlation was observed with all lipid parameters – total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, Lp(a), and ApoB/ApoA1 except HDL-C which showed a negative correlation with LTI and a nonsignificantly negative correlation with LPI. HDL-C shows a significantly negative correlation with AIP in both cases and controls.

Conclusions:

This present study has evaluated Role of AIP along with lipid indices such as LTI & LPI which helps in early identification of individuals with higher risk of premature CAD. AIP can be used as a better biomarker than other lipid indices in young MI patients, especially those associated with cardiovascular risk. At present, no Lp(a)-lowering drugs have been approved, hence early identification and intervention to modify risk factor may be helpful in prevention of development of MI in these patients with the help of LTI and LPI levels.
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 of the Upper Limb Following Glass Cut of the Third Finger in a Patient
Authors: Firat Mehpare
Published: June 2021

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized with edema, autonomic dysfunction, and dystrophic changes. We present the case of CRPS in a 32-year-old male in whom the diagnosis was based on the bone scan; characterized by disabling pain, swelling, vasomotor instability, sudomotor abnormality, and impairment of motor function. This disorder usually develops after minor trauma or surgery. Its diagnosis is very difficult and based on diagnostic criteria which have been changing over last years. However, there is no golden standard in the diagnosis of this entity. Three-phase bone scan is a widely used diagnostic modality which has been proved useful in CRPS. Multidisciplinary approach is necessary for proper and quick diagnosis.
Bilateral, Multiple, Trigger Digits in a 3-Year-Old Child
Authors: Chaudhary Sumedh D. , Raghuwanshi Sagar R.
Published: June 2021

A trigger finger is characterized by clicking, catching, or loss of motion of the involved finger and is associated with dysfunction and pain. Trigger digits in the pediatric population are relatively uncommon and multiple, bilateral trigger digits in children are extremely rare. Patients may present with the classical triggering as seen in adults or with digits locked in flexion. In this paper, we are reporting a 3-year-old girl who presented with flexion deformity of multiple digits with involvement of left thumb, middle, ring finger, and right thumb. After a failed trial of conservative management, the patient underwent surgery. Complete correction could be achieved with open division of the A1 pulleys of the involved digits. There has been no recurrence even after 3 years postsurgery. We believe that open release gives satisfactory results even in multiple trigger digits and should be the preferred treatment, especially for children presenting with digits locked in flexion.
Staging Laparoscopy for Assessing Inoperability in Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Authors: Sondhi Manish K. , Gupta Samir K. , Bhalla Alok J. , Kulkarni Shrirang Vasant
Published: June 2021

Background:

Despite the availability of modern cross-sectional diagnostic staging modalities, preoperative assessment of operability in intra-abdominal malignancy is often inadequate, especially in patients being considered for potential curative resection, resulting in many unnecessary laparotomies. Staging laparoscopy (SL) is usually undertaken in tertiary care centers, but the same has not been widely studied in India. The aim of the present study was to find out the possibility of diagnosing inoperability on SL and to study whether SL can prevent unnecessary laparotomy in cases of clinically diagnosed potentially resectable abdominal malignancies.

Methods:

This prospective diagnostics study was conducted in consecutive patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. All eligible patients were subjected to a thorough SL to look for inoperability before a therapeutic laparotomy. Statistical analysis of SL as a diagnostic modality was performed and the results were noted.

Results:

A total of 88 such patients were studied. The SL demonstrated inoperability in 24 out of the 88 (27.3%) patients. However, it failed to predict inoperability in 11 (12.5%) patients, yielding a sensitivity of 68.57% and specificity of 100%. The positive predictive value (PPV) of SL was 100%, whereas the negative predictive value (NPV) was 82.81% with efficacy of 87.5%.

Conclusions:

The specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of SL to rule out inoperability in clinically diagnosed potentially resectable intra-abdominal gastrointestinal malignancies are noteworthy. The sensitivity of SL for the same purpose, though relatively low, may be augmented with practices such as liberal use of frozen section biopsy and intraoperative ultrasound. However, SL still fails to demonstrate unresectability due to locoregional advancement and aortocaval lymph node mets.
Effect of tear fluid sampling and processing on total protein quantity and electrophoretic pattern
Authors: Krajčíková Kristína , Glinská Gabriela , Tomečková Vladimíra
Published: June 2021

Human tears contain more than 1500 proteins that could be diagnostically relevant. To date, numerous candidates on a biomarker of protein origin were identified for ocular and systemic diseases. However, the suitable sampling method is still the subject of discussion. To address the need for a description of sampling methods properties for possible clinical analyses, we studied a total protein concentration and electrophoretic pattern of tear fluid collected by capillary tubes, Schirmer strips, cellulose microsponges, and flushing. The total protein concentration was 4.339 μg/μL ± 1.905 μg/μL, 0.967 μg/μL ± 0.117 μg/μL, 0.022 μg/μL ± 0.016 μg/μL, and 0.008 μg/μL ± 0.006 μg/μ for the capillary tubes, Schirmer strips, flushing, and cellulose microsponges, respectively. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis showed the different patterns of tear proteins obtained by the above-mentioned sampling methods. These differences could originate from the use of a bigger amount of extraction reagent that was not used in the case of capillary tubes, and retention of the proteins by strips and sponges. Taken together, capillary tubes, Schirmer strips, cellulose microsponges, and flushing represent sensitive and convenient sampling methods for tear fluid collection. For the isolation of proteins from strips and sponges, and for the flushing, less than 100 μL of a reagent should be used to ensure the sufficient concentration of the biomarkers in a trace amount.