bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A framework for linking population model development with ecological risk assessment objectives
Authors: Raimondo Sandy , Etterson Matthew , Pollesch Nathan , Garber Kristina , Kanarek Andrew , Lehmann Wade , Awkerman Jill
Published: December 2017

The value of models that link organism-level impacts to the responses of a population in ecological risk assessments (ERAs) has been demonstrated extensively over the past few decades. There is little debate about the utility of these models to translate multiple organism-level endpoints into a holistic interpretation of effect to the population; however, there continues to be a struggle for actual application of these models as a common practice in ERA. Although general frameworks for developing models for ERA have been proposed, there is limited guidance on when models should be used, in what form, and how to interpret model output to inform the risk manager's decision. We propose a framework for developing and applying population models in regulatory decision making that focuses on trade-offs of generality, realism, and precision for both ERAs and models. We approach the framework development from the perspective of regulators aimed at defining the needs of specific models commensurate with the assessment objective. We explore why models are not widely used by comparing their requirements and limitations with the needs of regulators. Using a series of case studies under specific regulatory frameworks, we classify ERA objectives by trade-offs of generality, realism, and precision and demonstrate how the output of population models developed with these same trade-offs informs the ERA objective. We examine attributes for both assessments and models that aid in the discussion of these trade-offs. The proposed framework will assist risk assessors and managers to identify models of appropriate complexity and to understand the utility and limitations of a model's output and associated uncertainty in the context of their assessment goals. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:369–380. Published 2017. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Key Points

We present a framework for the development of population models for ecological risk assessment (ERA). We identify factors that currently prevent the use of population models in ERAs in regulatory decision making and develop a framework that addresses these inhibitory factors. The framework presents an approach that will guide the development of population models of varying levels of complexity based on the objective of the ERA. A series of case studies demonstrate the application of the framework under various regulatory statutes.
Survey Reactivity of Some Substituted Quinazolinones with Pentafluoro(chloro)pyridine
Authors: Ranjbar‐Karimi Reza , Davodian Tayebeh , Mehrabi Hossein
Published: December 2017

A new series of 4‐hetroaryl substituted quinazolines were designed and synthesized by the reaction of pentafluoro(chloro)pyridine and 2‐substituted quinazolinone. The aromatic nucleophilic substitution of pentafluoro(chloro)pyridine with quinazolinone occurs at the 4‐position of pyridine ring by the oxygen site (O‐centered nucleophile) of quinazolinone. The structures of all the compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 19F NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis.
An Improved Rapid and Mild Deoxygenation of Amine N‐oxides
Authors: Rajesh Y. B. R. D.
Published: December 2017

An improved mild and selective method for the deoxygenation of a variety of amine N‐oxides has been carried out in the presence of silica gel under mild conditions at room temperature to afford corresponding amines in relatively good yields without purification. The reaction is tolerant of a variety of functional groups such as hydroxyl, ester, acid, carbonyl, and cyano groups, as well as halogens. This method would be of great utility to synthesize various pyridines and amines easily.
Difficult Differences: A Socio‐cultural Analysis of How Diversity Can Enable and Inhibit Creativity
Authors: Hawlina Hana , Gillespie Alex , Zittoun Tania
Published: December 2017

The relationship between diversity and creativity can be seen as paradoxical. A diversity of perspectives should be advantageous for collaborative creativity, yet its benefits are often offset by adverse social processes. One suggestion for overcoming these negative effects is perspective taking. We compared four dyads with low scores on trait perspective taking with four dyads who were high on trait perspective taking on a brainstorming task followed by reconstructive interviews. Trait‐based perspective taking was strongly associated with greater creativity. However, contrary with expectation, interactional perspective taking behaviors (including questioning, signaling understanding, repairing) were associated with lesser creativity. The dyads that generated the fewest ideas were most likely to get stuck within ideational domains, struggling to understand one‐another, having to elaborate and justify their ideas more. In contrast, the dyads that generated many ideas were more likely to recognize each other's ideas as valuable without extensive justification or negotiation. We suggest that perspective taking is crucially important for mediating diversity in the generation of new ideas not only because it enables understanding the perspective of the other, but because it entails an atmosphere of tolerance, playfulness, and mutual recognition.
Coupling nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for arsenic speciation
Authors: Cheng Heyong , Shen Lihuan , Liu Jinhua , Xu Zigang , Wang Yuanchao
Published: December 2017

Nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography shows low consumption of solvents and samples, offering one of the best choices for arsenic speciation in precious samples in combination with inuctively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A systematic investigation on coupling nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry from instrument design to injected sample volume and mobile phase was performed in this study. Nanoflow mobile phase was delivered by flow splitting using a conventional high‐pressure pump with reuse of mobile phase waste. Dead volume was minimized to 60 nL for the sheathless interface based on the previously developed nanonebulizer. Capillary columns for nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography were found to be sensitive to sample loading volume. An apparent difference was also found between the mobile phases for nanoliter and conventional high‐performance liquid chromatography. Baseline separation of arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsenic, and dimethylarsenic was achieved within 11 min on a 15 cm C18 capillary column and within 12 min on a 25 cm strong anion exchange column. Detection limits of 0.9–1.8 μg/L were obtained with precisions variable in the range of 1.6–4.2%. A good agreement between determined and certified values of a certified reference material of human urine (GBW 09115) validated its accuracy along with good recoveries (87–102%).
Evaluation of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Ultrasound Radiofrequency Data Technology in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Kaplanoglu Hatice , Özisler Cem
Published: December 2017

Objectives

The aim of this study was to noninvasively demonstrate the presence of early risk associated with subclinical inflammatory activity in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) who had stable disease, using ultrasound (US) radiofrequency data technology.

Methods

A total of 110 participants, including 55 patients with FMF and 55 healthy control participants, were evaluated with Doppler US. The intima‐media thickness and arterial stiffness were measured from bilateral common carotid arteries (CCAs) by the radiofrequency method.

Results

No statistically significant difference was found between the patients with FMF and controls in terms of the right and left CCA intima‐media thickness, distensibility coefficient, compliance coefficient, α and β stiffness indices, and pulsed wave velocity (P > .05). Symptom duration and diagnosis and treatment time of the patients with FMF had a negative correlation with the distensibility and compliance measurements obtained by Doppler US (r = –0.324 and –0.303), and a positive (r = 0.380 and 0.339) and statistically significant relationship was detected between the α stiffness index, β stiffness index, and pulsed wave velocity (P < .05).

Conclusions

Common carotid artery intima‐media thickness and arterial stiffness measurements can aid in early prediction of cardiovascular disease development in patients with FMF. Radiofrequency data technology provides a noninvasive method for accurately and quantitatively showing the CCA intima‐media thickness elevation and the decrease in vascular elasticity in patients with FMF.
The Hypotriglyceridemic Effect of Sciadonic Acid is Mediated by the Inhibition of Δ9‐Desaturase Expression and Activity
Authors: Pédrono Frédérique , Boulier‐Monthéan Nathalie , Boissel Françoise , Ossemond Jordane , Lohézic‐Le Dévéhat Françoise
Published: December 2017

Scope

Sciadonic acid (Scia; 20:3Δ5,11,14) is a distinctive fatty acid (FA) with a polymethylene‐interrupted double bond at C5. It is specifically found in seeds from gymnosperms such as pine nuts. Published papers describe a decrease in liver and plasma triacylglycerols in rats fed with this nutriment. The present study seeks to identify the action mechanism of Scia on triacylglycerol synthesis. In this way, its nutritional effect on FA metabolism involving the Stearoyl‐CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1) is investigated.

Methods and results

Scia is discerned in trace amount in various tissues of rats and in human serum. It is produced by Δ5‐desaturation of 20:2n‐6 in human transfected SH‐SY5Y cell lines and also in rat hepatocytes. When Scia is incubated with cultured hepatocytes as a nutrient, the cellular FA profile is modified. In particular, the proportion of the monoenes (18:1n‐9, 18:1n‐7, 16:1n‐7) are all decreased, correlating to the reduction of triacylglycerol amounts. This effect is mediated by the inhibition of SCD1 expression. Furthermore, Scia, as well as 20:3n‐6 and 20:3n‐9 but not 20:3n‐3, strongly inhibit the SCD1 activity measured on liver microsomes.

Conclusion

Overall, this study shows that Scia, despite its unusual structure, contributes to the FA metabolism and reduced triacylglycerol release by inhibiting SCD1 activity.
Composite ganglioside autoantibodies and immune treatment response in MMN and MADSAM
Authors: Martinez‐Thompson Jennifer M. , Snyder Melissa R. , Ettore Michael , McKeon Andrew , Pittock Sean J. , Roforth Matthew M. , Mandrekar Jay , Mauermann Michelle L. , Taylor Bruce V. , Dyck P. James B. , Windebank Anthony J. , Klein Christopher J.
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a motor only, asymmetric onset neuropathy that is relatively treatment‐refractory compared with classic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor (MADSAM) neuropathy. Methods: We reviewed 35 patients seropositive for GM1 (monosialo‐asialo [immunoglobulin M, IgM; immunoglobulin G, IgG]) and/or GD1b (disialo [IgG, IgM]) autoantibodies having MMN, classic CIDP, or MADSAM. Immune‐treatment responsiveness and clinical course was compared with antibody negative disease controls. Results: Seventy‐nine percent of seropositives with an initial diagnosis of MMN were immunotherapy responsive compared with 46% of seronegatives (P = 0.045). Eight ganglioside antibody positive MMN patients of 19 (42%) developed sensory findings consistent with MADSAM compared with 3 of 41 (7%) seronegative MMN patients (P = 0.003). MMN and MADSAM patients with ganglioside antibody positivity had more sustained treatment responses (P = 0.03). Discussion: Patients initially diagnosed with MMN seropositive for diverse GM1 autoantibodies appear more likely to have sustained treatment response and evolution to MADSAM. Muscle Nerve 57: 1000–1005, 2018
Adversity of prolonged extreme cold exposure among adult clients diagnosed with coronary artery diseases: a primer for recommending community health nursing intervention
Authors: Gumabay Eladio Martin S. , Ramirez Raquel C. , Dimaya Judy Mae M. , Beltran Mae M.
Published: December 2017

Aim

This research study explored the lived experiences of adults diagnosed with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) when exposed to a prolonged period of extreme cold.

Design

This research study utilized descriptive qualitative research design.

Methods

Face‐to‐face interview sessions with audio recording were conducted. There were 30 informants who participated in the study. Descriptive phenomenology with Colaizzi's method of data analysis was used.

Results

Results revealed three themes, namely: (i) elucidating cold exposure; (ii) challenges of cold exposure; and (iii) translating adverse exposure to self‐management. The results further revealed the significance of nursing health care especially to health promotion, disease prevention and health restoration especially in community setting.

Conclusion

In conclusion, manifestations ofCADare triggered when exposed to a prolonged period of extremely low environmental temperature.
Early intervention for infants and toddlers: Applications for pediatric oncology
Authors: Harman Jennifer L. , Wise Jillian , Willard Victoria W.
Published: December 2017

Young children (<3 years) with cancer are at risk for delays in development due to their disease and its required treatments and restrictions. In the United States, Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act describes a system of early intervention (EI) services for young children with delays or the potential for delays in development. Children with cancer may be eligible for EI but are rarely referred. Our objectives are to describe the critical impact of early childhood development on long‐term outcomes, review current considerations for EI, and advocate for the referral to EI for young children with cancer.
Investigation of aging performance of bio‐oil phenol‐formaldehyde resin with the treatment of artificial accelerated aging method
Authors: Yu Yuxiang , Xu Pingping , Xing Jingchen , Li Lufei , Chang Jianming
Published: December 2017

The aging performance of bio‐oil phenol‐formaldehyde (BPF) resin was investigated using artificial accelerated aging method. After the treatment, the variations on the mass and bonding strength of plywood with BPF resin were determined. The changes in the microstructure, functional groups, and chemical bonds of adhesive films with BPF resin were also analyzed by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The decrease of mass loss and bonding strength of BPF resin were smaller, the surface of BPF resin was smoother, and the amounts of CH2 groups and COC groups of BPF resin were larger than that of phenol‐formaldehyde (PF) resin at the same aged period. These results indicated that the bio‐oil could be used to improve the aging performance of PF resin. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:1810–1816, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
Metalloporphyrin–polyelectrolyte assemblies in aqueous solution: Influence of the metal center and the polyelectrolyte architecture
Authors: Frühbeißer Sabine , Fuenzalida Werner Juan Pablo , Gröhn Franziska
Published: December 2017

This study investigates the influence of different metal centers in porphyrins and of different polyelectrolyte architectures on the formation of supramolecular metalloporphyrin–polyelectrolyte assemblies in aqueous solution via electrostatic self‐assembly. Metal‐analogues of the tetravalent anionic meso‐tetrakis(4‐sulfonatophenyl)‐porphyrin (with Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn3+, and Fe3+) are combined with the cationic dendrimer of generation 4 or with the linear polydiallyldimethyl‐ammoniumchloride. Dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy reveal that the different molecular geometries of the metalloporphyrins resulting from axial ligands determine the size and the stability of the aggregates. A thermodynamic study elucidates the importance of the polymer architecture in controlling the size of the assembly and the role of the metal center. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 484–500
iTRAQ‐Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Protein Profile in Plasma from Children with Autism
Authors: Shen Liming , Zhang Kaoyuan , Feng Chengyun , Chen Youjiao , Li Shuiming , Iqbal Javed , Liao Liping , Zhao Yuxi , Zhai Jian
Published: December 2017

Purpose

Autism is a childhood neurological disorder with poorly understood etiology and pathology. This study is designed to identify differentially expressed proteins that might serve as potential biomarkers for autism.

Experimental design

We perform iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) analysis for normal and autistic children's plasma of the same age group.

Results

The results show that 24 differentially expressed proteins were identified between autistic subjects and controls. For the first time, differential expression of complement C5 (C5) and fermitin family homolog 3 (FERMT3) are related to autism. Five proteins, that is, complement C3 (C3), C5, integrin alpha‐IIb (ITGA2B), talin‐1 (TLN1), and vitamin D‐binding protein (GC) were validated via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). By ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis, combinations of these five proteins C3, C5, GC, ITGA2B, and TLN1 distinguished autistic children from healthy controls with a high AUC (area under the ROC curve) value (0.982, 95% CI, 0.957–1.000, p < 0.000).

Conclusion

These above described proteins are found involved in different pathways that have previously been linked to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The results strongly support that focal adhesions, acting cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, motility and migration, synaptogenesis, and complement system are involved in the pathogenesis of autism, and highlight the important role of platelet function in the pathophysiology of autism.
Zoophytophagous mirids provide pest control by inducing direct defences, antixenosis and attraction to parasitoids in sweet pepper plants
Authors: Bouagga Sarra , Urbaneja Alberto , Rambla José L , Flors Víctor , Granell Antonio , Jaques Josep A , Pérez‐Hedo Meritxell
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND

In addition to their services as predators, mirid predators are able to induce plant defences by phytophagy. However, whether this induction occurs in sweet pepper and whether it could be an additional benefit to their role as a biological control agent in this crop remain unknown. Here, these questions were investigated in two model insects, the mirids Nesidiocoris tenuis and Macrolophus pygmaeus.

RESULTS

Plant feeding behaviour was observed in both N. tenuis and M. pygmaeus on sweet pepper and occupied 33% and 14% of total time spent on the plant, respectively. The punctures caused by mirid plant feeding induced the release of a blend of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which repelled the herbivore pests Frankliniella occidentalis and Bemisia tabaci and attracted the whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa. The repellent effect on B. tabaci was observed for at least 7 days after initial exposure of the plant to N. tenuis, and attraction of E. formosa remained functional for 14 days.

CONCLUSION

Plant defences induced by the feeding of mirid predators, their subsequent effects on the behaviour of both pests and natural enemies, and the persistence of these observed effects open the door to new control strategies in the sweet pepper crop. Further application of this research is discussed, such as the vaccination of plants by zoophytophagous mirids in the nursery before transplantation. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhanced Responsivity of ZnSe‐Based Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Near‐Ultraviolet Photodetector via Impact Ionization
Authors: Sirkeli Vadim P. , Yilmazoglu Oktay , Hajo Ahid S. , Nedeoglo Natalia D. , Nedeoglo Dmitrii D. , Preu Sascha , Küppers Franko , Hartnagel Hans L.
Published: December 2017

We report on high‐responsivity, fast near‐ultraviolet photodetectors based on bulk ZnSe employing a metal–semiconductor–metal structure with and without interdigital contacts. A very high responsivity of 2.42 and 4.44 A W−1 at 20 V bias voltage and high rejection rate of 7900 and 4810 for the light with a wavelength of 325 nm is obtained for photodetectors without and with interdigital contacts, which indicates an internal gain. The mechanism of internal gain is attributed to the impact ionization of ZnSe atoms under high internal electric field strength of 133 kV cm−1. Also a low dark current of ≈3.4 nA and high detectivity of ≈1.4 × 1011 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at a voltage of 20 V is achieved for the device with interdigital contacts at room temperature.
Acute onset of ulcerative colitis during chemoradiotherapy for anaplastic lymphoma kinase‐positive lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fujita Kohei , Mizumoto Yoshinori , Moriyoshi Koki , Araki Norio , Mio Tadashi
Published: December 2017

We report a case of acute onset of ulcerative colitis (UC) during chemoradiotherapy in a patient with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐positive lung adenocarcinoma. A 46‐year‐old male patient with an abnormal chest shadow was referred to our hospital. He was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma, clinical stage T1aN3M0 and stage IIIB. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy was selected for his initial therapy. After two cycles of cisplatin and vinorelbine administration, he experienced persistent diarrhoea and anorexia. Findings of the colonoscopy revealed a pancolitis type of UC. After discontinuation of chemotherapy, oral administration of mesalazine was initiated. The development of UC during chemotherapy is very rare and only a few case reports have been published. Although adverse events are rare, it is very important to assess the colitis precisely by performing a colonoscopy when protracted abdominal pain is experienced by the patient, along with diarrhoea or bloody stool during chemotherapy.
Development of a Bioanode for Microbial Fuel Cells Based on the Combination of a MWCNT‐Au‐Pt Hybrid Nanomaterial, an Osmium Redox Polymer and Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2343 Cells
Authors: Aslan Sema , Ó Conghaile Peter , Leech Dónal , Gorton Lo , Timur Suna , Anik Ulku
Published: December 2017

In this work, a carbon felt electrode (CFE) was modified with a multiwalled carbon nanotube‐gold‐platinum (MWCNT−Au‐Pt) hybrid nanomaterial and integrated with an osmium redox polymer (OsRP, [Os(2, 2’‐bipyridine)2(poly‐vinylimidazole)10Cl]Cl) and Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2343 (G. oxydans) cells. The developed electrode was used as the bioanode in a 5.0 mM K3Fe(CN)6 mediator containing phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) anolyte and combined with a Pt wire cathode in phosphoric acid medium (pH 3.5). As a result, a two chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was formed, in which an activated Nafion membrane was used as a proton exchange membrane. The OsRP/G.oxydans/MWCNT−Au‐Pt/CFE based bioanode was electrochemically examined in differently deoxygenated bioanode chambers and additionally the amounts of hybrid nanomaterial and OsRP were optimized. In terms of MFC characteristics, it was found that an anaerobic OsRP/G.oxydans/MWCNT−Au‐Pt/CFE bioanode based MFC had a maximum power density of 32.1 mW m−2 (at 90 mV), a maximum current density of 1032 mA m−2 and a charge transfer efficiency (E%) value of 22.30 (open circuit potential 180 mV).
A Series of Homo‐ and Heteroleptic Iron(III) Alkoxides as Precursors for Fe2O3
Authors: Dietrich Stefan , Finke Anita , Fuhrmann Daniel , Krautscheid Harald
Published: December 2017

A series of bulky iron(III) alkoxides was synthesized by a ligand exchange reaction using [Fe(OtBu)3]2 and 2,4‐dimethylpentan‐3‐ol (HOdp). The resulting complexes are dimers, structural details are compared based on single crystal structure analyses. Investigation of the thermal properties shows a decrease of the melting point upon exchange of the tert‐butoxy by Odp– ligands. Thermolysis leads to volatile products and the formation of phase pure hematite.
Evaluation of Language Predictors of Main Concept Production in Spanish/English Bilingual Discourse Using Nicholas and Brookshire Stimuli
Authors: Rivera Ana , Hirst Jonathan , Edmonds Lisa A.
Published: December 2017

Purpose

A conceptual framework of bilingual aphasia assessment requires an understanding of the variables that influence discourse in bilingual speakers. This study aimed to determine predictors of main concept (MC) production, a measure of discourse completeness, as well as the effect of language dominance on MCs.

Method

The Nicholas and Brookshire (1993) picture stimuli were used to elicit English and Spanish discourse in 83 young bilinguals. Participant-reported variables (e.g., proficiency self-ratings) and measured language variables (e.g., correct information units [CIUs] in discourse) were entered into regressions to determine potential MC predictors. A repeated-measures analysis of variance evaluated MCs within and across dominance groups categorized by speaking self-ratings.

Results

Measured language variables (number of CIUs, naming accuracy) were most predictive of MCs. The participant-reported variable most associated with MC production was self-rating of speaking proficiency. Spanish- and English-dominant groups produced more MCs in their dominant language; the balanced group produced more English MCs. Between-groups differences were observed.

Conclusions

Two measures related to lexical retrieval (CIUs and naming) were most predictive of MC production across languages. Participant ratings of speaking proficiency were also highly correlated to MCs. They also accurately reflected dominance, though balanced bilinguals overestimated their Spanish abilities.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5708605
Improving Program NCLEX Pass Rates
Authors: Libner Joan , Kubala Sandra
Published: December 2017

AIM

This article describes the response of the Illinois Board of Nursing to an escalating number of prelicensure nursing programs with low National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) pass rates. The response aligns with stipulations of the Illinois Nurse Practice Act and best practices.

BACKGROUND

NCLEX success is crucial to launching the careers of nursing graduates and to maintaining approval status of prelicensure programs by state regulatory bodies. Boards strive to guide programs with low pass rates fairly and consistently.

METHOD

The Illinois Board of Nursing created a tool and process addressing curriculum and resources, faculty, students, and administrative support in a programmatic approach to improving pass rates.

RESULTS

Initial outcomes were positive. Anecdotal evidence of programs in good standing also confirmed the tool’s value as a resource to promoting graduate success.

CONCLUSION

A programmatic approach can provide guidance for boards of nursing to address low NCLEX pass rates in a consistent evidence-based manner.
Essential Professional Behaviors of Nursing Students and New Nurses: Hospital Nurse Leader Perspectives Survey
Authors: Sortedahl Charlotte , Persinger Sara , Sobtzak Kathryn , Farrell Brooke , Jaeger Nicholas
Published: December 2017

AIM

This two-part study was conducted to determine which professional behaviors hospital nurse leaders believe are essential for nursing students to learn in the classroom.

BACKGROUND

Nursing students need to be educated to lead high-quality care in complex health care environments. Little is known regarding the professional behaviors deemed essential for novice nurses.

METHOD

Hospital leaders were surveyed (n = 221) using the Hospital Nurse Leader Perspectives survey. This survey, developed from interviews, includes 41 items in change, communication, conflict, leadership, and self-awareness.

RESULTS

The highest-ranked category was communication (n = 159, 72 percent), followed by self-awareness (n = 32, 14.4 percent). The highest items in each category were patient communication, prioritization, expect change, learning from failure, and conflict resolution.

CONCLUSION

The results provide practical information to inform curricula and prepare leaders.
Late-Onset Inflammatory Response to Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Fillers
Authors: Bhojani-Lynch Tahera
Published: December 2017

Objective:

Even though injectable hyaluronic acid (HA)–based fillers are considered safe, rare complications, such as late-onset inflammatory reactions have been reported. Possible causes and effective treatments have not been formally described, so this work aims to discuss these and offer a formal protocol for treatment.

Methods:

This article presents 5 clinical cases of late-onset inflammatory response occurring at least 3 months after uneventful injection of HA dermal filler.

Results:

Inflammation appeared spontaneously, usually 4–5 months after the last injection, but in 1 patient, almost 14 months later. One patient was injected at the same time with fillers manufactured by 2 different technologies. In this case, all areas treated with the same filler showed diffuse swelling of inflammatory nature, whereas the lips, treated with the second filler brand, remained unaffected. Four patients reported a flu-like illness or gastrointestinal upset a few days before the onset of dermal filler inflammation.

Conclusion:

Late-onset inflammatory reactions to HA fillers may be self-limiting but are easily and rapidly treatable with oral steroids, and with hyaluronidase in the case of lumps. It is likely these reactions are due to a Type IV delayed hypersensitivity response. Delayed inflammation associated with HA fillers is nonbrand specific. However, the case where 2 different brands were injected during the same session, but only 1 brand triggered a hypersensitivity reaction, suggests that the technology used in the manufacturing process, and the subsequent differing products of degradation, may have an influence on potential allergic reactions to HA fillers.
Immunogenicity and Safety of the Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in Girls Living With HIV
Authors: Brophy Jason , Bitnun Ari , Alimenti Ariane , Lapointe Normand , Samson Lindy , Read Stanley , Karatzios Christos , Dobson Simon , Moses Erin , Blitz Sandra , Lipsky Nancy-Grace , Ogilvie Gina , Walmsley Sharon , Raboud Janet , Money Deborah
Published: December 2017

We evaluated quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine seroresponses among 35 girls living with HIV (9–13 years of ages) and compared with data on girls without HIV, as part of a subgroup analysis. The quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine was safe and well tolerated. However, antibody response was significantly lower in girls living with HIV relative to girls without HIV. HIV virologic suppression predicted better antibody response.
Return to Sport After Arthroscopic Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis for Patients With Osteochondral Lesion of the Talus
Authors: D'Ambrosi Riccardo , Villafañe Jorge H. , Indino Cristian , Liuni Federico M. , Berjano Pedro , Usuelli Federico G.
Published: December 2017

Objective:

To determine the rate of return of patients to sport after arthroscopic autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AT-AMIC) for outcomes 2 years after surgery.

Design:

Retrospective observational cross-sectional study.

Setting:

C.A.S.C.O.—Foot and Ankle Unit, Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.

Patients and Intervention:

Twenty-six consecutive patients, 65.4% male (mean ± SD age: 33.7 ± 11.0 years), that underwent AT-AMIC procedure between 2012 and 2015 were selected retrospectively. From this population, only sporting patients at amateur's level were included. Arthroscopic autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis was proposed in patients with pain and persistent disability.

Main Outcome Measures:

All patients were assessed with the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS), physical component score of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), Halasi ankle activity score, and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scale preoperatively and at 24 months postoperatively.

Results:

Overall, 80.8% of the patient group returned to the same preinjury sport. The mean follow-up was 42.6 ± 10.9 months (range from 25 to 62 months). Significant differences were observed with reference to AOFAS, SF-12, Halasi, and UCLA scores at the last follow-up in patients who had undergone AT-AMIC (all, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

A high percentage of patients return to their preinjury sport after AT-AMIC surgery.
High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Detection in Urine Samples From a Referral Population With Cervical Biopsy-Proven High-Grade Lesions
Authors: Lorenzi Adriana T. , Fregnani José Humberto T. , Dockter Janel , Fitzgerald Kerry , Strohecker Elizabeth , Eaton Barbara , Vibat Cecile Rose T. , Erlander Mark G. , Scapulatempo-Neto Cristovam , Smith Jennifer S. , Longatto-Filho Adhemar
Published: December 2017

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of the HPV-HR test to detect high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in urine samples in comparison with a commercial molecular HPV test.

Materials and Methods

This is a prospective study, in which 350 patients diagnosed previously with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or higher were enrolled. Urine and cervical specimens were collected. Urine was tested with the HPV-HR test and cervical specimens were tested with the Cobas.

Results

Of the 336 evaluable patients, there were 271 cases of CIN 2+, of which 202 were CIN 3+ and the remaining 65 patients were less than CIN 2. Positivity was 77.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 72.5–81.5) for the urine samples and 83.6% (95% CI = 79.6–87.6) for the cervical samples. Agreement between cervical and urine samples for HPV detection was 79.8% (κ = 0.363; 95% CI = 0.243–0.484). Sensitivity for CIN 2+ was 83.4% (95% CI = 78.4–87.6) for urine and 90.8% (95% CI = 86.7–92.9) for cervical samples. The sensitivity for CIN 3+ was 85.6% (95% CI = 80.0–90.2) for urine and 92.6% (95% CI = 88.0–95.8) for cervical samples. Specificity for worse than CIN 2 was 50.8% (95% CI = 33.7–59.0) and 46.2% (95% CI = 33.7–59.0) for urine and cervical samples, respectively.

Conclusions

Although these results demonstrated slightly higher detection rates for HR-HPV and clinical sensitivity in cervical samples than in urine, when compared with histological diagnoses, urine sampling is a viable alternative to access women who do not participate in routine screening programs.
A Cross-Sectional Review of Cervical Cancer Messages on Twitter During Cervical Cancer Awareness Month
Authors: Teoh Deanna , Shaikh Rida , Vogel Rachel Isaksson , Zoellner Taylor , Carson Linda , Kulasingam Shalini , Lou Emil
Published: December 2017

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to quantify personal stories about cervical cancer and to determine the proportion and sentiment (positive vs negative) of messages (“tweets”) that discussed cervical cancer prevention strategies on Twitter.

Methods

This study was a cross-sectional Twitter review of English-language top tweets about cervical cancer during the Cervical Cancer Awareness month, January 2016. Theme categories were identified, and tweets were independently coded by 2 reviewers; discrepancies in coding were resolved by a third reviewer. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed.

Results

During January 2016, approximately 348 top tweets about cervical cancer were identified. Professional health organizations produced 20.7% of tweets, and individuals identifying themselves as health-care professionals contributed an additional 4%. In addition to the tweet, 45.1% attached a photo or video; 54.6% included links to a larger article. Only 11.2% of tweets included personal stories from cervical cancer patients. Among the top tweets, 70.3% were focused on prevention through screening and/or HPV vaccination, with 97.4% recommending such practices. A substantial proportion of the Twitter traffic (24.7%) referenced the #SmearForSmear campaign by the patient-advocate organization Jo’s Cervical Cancer Trust, based in the United Kingdom.

Conclusions

Analysis of top tweets during the cervical cancer awareness month showed that, although personal stories about cervical cancer were rare, cervical cancer prevention was a popular topic during the cervical cancer awareness month. This was largely driven by a picture-based twitter campaign from a single advocacy organization.
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Contributes to Proinflammatory Mediator Production in Localized Provoked Vulvodynia
Authors: Falsetta Megan L. , Foster David C. , Woeller Collynn F. , Pollock Stephen J. , Bonham Adrienne D. , Piekna-Przybylska Dorota , Maggirwar Sanjay B. , Haidaris Constantine G. , Phipps Richard P.
Published: December 2017

Objectives

Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV) afflicts approximately 8% of women in the United States and represents a huge financial, physical, and psychological burden. Women with LPV experience intense pain localized to the vulvar vestibule (area immediately surrounding vaginal opening). We have identified mechanisms involved in the development of LPV whereby vulvar fibroblasts respond to proinflammatory stimuli to perpetuate an inflammatory response that causes pain. However, these mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Therefore, we explored the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs), a class of innate immune receptors that rapidly respond to microbial assaults.

Materials and Methods

To determine whether TLRs are expressed by vulvar fibroblasts and whether these contribute to proinflammatory mediator production and pain in LPV, we examined TLR expression and innate immune responses in fibroblasts derived from painful vestibular regions compared with nonpainful external vulvar regions.

Results

Human vulvar fibroblasts express functional TLRs that trigger production of inflammatory mediators associated with chronic pain. We focused on the TLR-7–imiquimod proinflammatory interaction, because imiquimod, a ligand of TLR-7, may exacerbate pain in women during treatment of human papillomavirus–associated disease.

Conclusions

Human vulvar fibroblasts express a broad spectrum of TLRs (a new finding). A significantly higher TLR-mediated proinflammatory response was observed in LPV case vestibular fibroblasts, and with respect to the imiquimod-TLR 7 interaction, development of chronic vestibular pain and inflammation may be a possible sequelae of treatment of vulvar human papillomavirus–associated disease. Suppressing enhanced TLR-associated innate immune responses to a spectrum of pathogen-associated molecular patterns may represent a new/effective therapeutic approach for vulvodynia.
Cell-nonautonomous local and systemic responses to cell arrest enable long-bone catch-up growth in developing mice
Authors: Roselló-Díez Alberto , Madisen Linda , Bastide Sébastien , Zeng Hongkui , Joyner Alexandra L.
Published: December 2017

Catch-up growth after insults to growing organs is paramount to achieving robust body proportions. In fly larvae, local injury is followed by local and systemic compensatory mechanisms that allow damaged tissues to regain proportions with other tissues. In vertebrates, local catch-up growth has been described after transient reduction of bone growth, but the underlying cellular responses are controversial. We developed an approach to study catch-up growth in foetal mice by inducing mosaic expression of the cell cycle suppressor p21 in the cartilage cells (chondrocytes) that drive long bone elongation. By specifically targeting the left hindlimb, the right limb served as an internal control. Strikingly, left-right limb symmetry was not altered, revealing deployment of compensatory mechanisms. Above a certain threshold of insult, an orchestrated response was triggered involving local enhancement of bone growth and systemic growth reduction that ensured body proportions were maintained. The local response entailed hyper-proliferation of spared left-limb chondrocytes that was associated with reduced chondrocyte density. The systemic effect involved impaired placental IGF signalling and function, revealing bone-placenta communication. Thus, vertebrates, much like invertebrates, can mount coordinated local and systemic responses to developmental insults to ensure normal body proportions are maintained.
Predicting resistance of clinical Abl mutations to targeted kinase inhibitors using alchemical free-energy calculations
Authors: Hauser Kevin , Negron Christopher , Albanese Steven K. , Ray Soumya , Steinbrecher Thomas , Abel Robert , Chodera John D. , Wang Lingle
Published: December 2017

The therapeutic effect of targeted kinase inhibitors can be significantly reduced by intrinsic or acquired resistance mutations that modulate the affinity of the drug for the kinase. In cancer, the majority of missense mutations are rare, making it difficult to predict their impact on inhibitor affinity. This complicates the practice of precision medicine, pairing of patients with clinical trials, and development of next-generation inhibitors. Here, we examine the potential for alchemical free-energy calculations to predict how kinase mutations modulate inhibitor affinities to Abl, a major target in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We find these calculations can achieve useful accuracy in predicting resistance for a set of eight FDA-approved kinase inhibitors across 144 clinically-identified point mutations, achieving a root mean square error in binding free energy changes ofkcal/mol (95% confidence interval) and correctly classifying mutations as resistant or susceptible withaccuracy. Since these calculations are fast on modern GPUs, this benchmark establishes the potential for physical modeling to collaboratively support the rapid assessment and anticipation of the potential for patient mutations to affect drug potency in clinical applications.
Alignment-Free Approaches for Predicting Novel Nuclear Mitochondrial Segments (NUMTs) in the Human Genome
Authors: Li Wentian , Freudenberg Jerome , Freudenberg Jan
Published: December 2017

The nuclear human genome harbors sequences of mitochondrial origin, indicating an ancestral transfer of DNA from the mitogenome. Several Nuclear Mitochondrial Segments (NUMTs) have been detected by alignment-based sequence similarity search, as implemented in the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). Identifying NUMTs is important for the comprehensive annotation and understanding of the human genome. Here we explore the possibility of detecting NUMTs in the human genome by alignment-free sequence similarity search, such as k-mers (k-tuples, k-grams, oligos of length k) distributions. We find that when k=6 or larger, the k-mer approach and BLAST search produce almost identical results, e.g., detect the same set of NUMTs longer than 3kb. However, when k=5 or k=4, certain signals are only detected by the alignment-free approach, and these may indicate yet unrecognized, and potentially more ancestral NUMTs. We introduce a “Manhattan plot” style representation of NUMT predictions across the genome, which are calculated based on the reciprocal of the Jensen-Shannon divergence between the nuclear and mitochondrial k-mer frequencies. The further inspection of the k-mer-based NUMT predictions however shows that most of them contain long-terminal-repeat (LTR) annotations, whereas BLAST-based NUMT predictions do not. Thus, similarity of the mitogenome to LTR sequences is recognized, which we validate by finding the mitochondrial k-mer distribution closer to those for transposable sequences and specifically, close to some types of LTR.
Association between UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 tagSNPs and breast cancer risk in Chinese females
Authors: He Bao‐Xia , Qiao Bin , Lam Alfred King‐Yin , Zhao Xiu‐Li , Zhang Wen‐Zhou , Liu Hui
Published: December 2017

This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the association between the UGT2B7 tagSNPs (rs12233719, rs4356975, rs7435335 and rs7441774) and breast cancer in Chinese females. Blood samples were collected from 672 patients with breast cancer and 670 healthy controls for DNA extraction. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) was used to analyze UGT2B7 polymorphisms. Dual‐luciferase reporter assays were further performed to investigate the regulatory function of UGT2B7 tagSNPs. The frequency of rs7441774 G allele in the breast cancer cases was statistically significantly higher than in the controls (0.412 vs 0.358, P = .006; odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.08‐1.48). After adjusting for conventional risk factors, individuals with the GG genotype had a higher breast cancer risk than those with the AA genotype (adjusted OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.18‐2.26; P = .008). The GCGG haplotype of UGT2B7 was also associated with breast cancer (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.04‐1.45; P = .027). Meanwhile, the rs7441774 G allele could significantly decrease the transcriptional activity of the UGT2B7 gene. This study indicates that UGT2B7 polymorphisms may play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer in the Han Chinese population.
Pay Referents and Satisfaction with Pay: Does Occupational Proximity Matter?
Authors: Georgellis Yannis , Garcia Stephen M. , Gregoriou Andros , Ozbilgin Mustafa
Published: December 2017

We explore whether employees compare their pay to the pay of others in a similarly prestigious occupation and, if so, whether this comparison has a negative impact on pay satisfaction. Using an experimental vignette methodology, Study 1 found that people are more inclined to compare with others from a similar or identical occupation and that comparison negatively impacts pay satisfaction. This comparison and its negative effect is particularly strong in high‐prestige occupations. Based on survey data, Study 2 also showed that the average pay of others in occupations of similar prestige is negatively correlated with employees’ pay satisfaction. This negative correlation was also stronger in higher‐prestige occupations. Our analysis highlights the importance of occupational prestige as a main factor influencing pay comparison.
Effects of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids on Markers of Inflammation in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Controversial Issue
Authors: Hu Chun , Yang Ming , Zhu Xuejing , Gao Peng , Yang Shikun , Han Yachun , Chen Xianghui , Xiao Li , Yuan Shuguang , Liu Fuyou , Kanwar Yashpal S , Sun Lin
Published: December 2017

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global problem which contributes to a significant morbidity and mortality in China. Concomitant inflammatory state further boosts the mortality due to cardiovascular events in patients with CKD undergoing dialysis. There is a general notion that Omega‐3 fatty acids including docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) have certain health benefits perhaps via the regulation of inflammation. However, the anti‐inflammatory effect of omega‐3 fatty acids in patients with CKD is controversial. We analyzed the data of oral supplementation of omega‐3 fatty acids in CKD patients by searching literature on database from inception to August 2016. The analysis included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) derived from multiple databases, and the effect of omega‐3 fatty acids supplementation versus the control cohorts were compared. All of the data analysis was calculated by RevMan 5.2. A total of 12 RCTs involving 487 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. Among them 254 patients received omega‐3 fatty acids and 233 patients served as controls who received placebo. The meta‐analysis revealed no statistical significance in serum levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP) (SMD, −0.20; 95% CI, −0.44 to 0.05; P = 0.11), IL‐6 (SMD, 0.00; 95% CI, −0.33 to 0.33; P = 0.99) and TNF‐α (SMD, 0.14; 95% CI, −0.17 to 0.44; P = 0.38) between the omega‐3 fatty acids supplementation group and control. This suggested that there is insufficient evidence to conclude the benefit of omega‐3 fatty acids oral supplementation in reducing serum levels of CRP, IL‐6 and TNF‐α in patients with CKD.