bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodological recommendations for digital rating of economic indicators of enterprises
Authors: HRYHORIEV Oleksandr , PETRYSHYN Nataliia , TODOSHCHUK Andrii
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The introduction of the economic rating will contribute to the centralization of control over the activities of economic entities by various state bodies. On the other hand, the economic rating will allow to avoid subjectivity in the evaluation of the economic activity of enterprises by state bodies and other subjects of economic activity and to establish a transparent and understandable work of the state bodies themselves for subjects of economic activity and society as a whole.
Purpose. It consists in a careful study and analysis of the international and domestic experience of rating the economic activity of enterprises according to economic and economic indicators in Ukraine in order to develop agreed and unified methodological recommendations for the ranking of business entities in the process of European integration of Ukraine.
Results. To determine the rating of the company by economic indicators, it is necessary to evaluate the main indicators of the economic activity of the enterprise, minimizing and simplifying their calculation, and to introduce a digital rating of the economic indicators of the company. With two-way communication between the enterprise and other market participants, this will simplify relations between them. On the other hand, state bodies will be able to direct the development of enterprises in the right direction, according to the adopted policy of socio-economic development.
Conclusions. The proposed methodological recommendations on the digital rating of the economic indicators of enterprises will allow to improve the legal framework for determining the rating of the enterprise to obtain a scale of reliability of the enterprise as a business entity, to eliminate significant problems of corruption in the distribution of financial funds, to improve financial and credit discipline, first of all, in the central authorities , and secondly in industries, regions, cities and credit institutions, etc.
WTO agreement on government procurement: problems of correlation with national legislation on public procurement
Authors: HLOBA Anastasiia
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Bringing national legislation in line with the requirements of international agreements to which Ukraine is a party has been and remains an urgent problem of Ukrainian legislation. In addition to the problem of slow implementation of their provisions, in practice there are also situations when the norms of national legislation contradict the international obligations that Ukraine has assumed by ratifying the relevant agreements. The subject of research in this paper is the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement and its correlation with national legislation. Despite the fact that the issues outlined by us, namely, the correlation of the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement with the legislation of Ukraine, is extremely relevant, at the scientific level it has not been given sufficient attention. The purpose of the paper is to compare the legal analysis of the problems related to the correlation of Ukraine's international obligations under the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement and the national legislation of Ukraine to highlight the problematic aspects and provide possible solutions. Results. In the course of the study, the provisions of the WTO Agreement on Government Procurement were examined in detail, namely the main purpose, principles, and approaches that it expresses. The comparison with the norms of the national law on public procurement was made and it was concluded that the provisions on localization contradict the requirements of the Agreement, namely the principles of non-discrimination and national treatment. In addition, it was found that there are no exceptions to the application of the provisions of the Agreement in relation to Ukraine. Conclusion. In the course of the study, we came to the conclusion that the introduction of measures to stimulate the development of the national producers seems appropriate, but it is necessary that such measures do not contradict with the requirements of international treaties to which Ukraine is a party. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate this contradiction at the level of legislation, considering national interests and risks associated with introducing certain measures. Since the Agreement was ratified by Ukraine without any exceptions aimed at protecting national producers, this significantly limits the government's ability to support national suppliers through public procurement procedures. The situation when the norms of laws contradict the international obligations of Ukraine is unacceptable, so this problem must be resolved.
The right to exclude an dishonest participant from the limited liability company: the expedience of its inclusion in the Law of Ukraine "On limited and additional liability companies"
Authors: TSIUPRYK Volodymyr
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Previously, the Law of Ukraine "On Business companies" established the right of members of a limited liability company by decision of the general meeting to exclude a member of the company whose actions harm the interests of the company. Due to numerous abuses of this right, the Law of Ukraine "On Limited and Additional Liability Companies" does not establish such a right for company participants. However, the question remains open whether this approach is correct and whether it did not lead to more negative consequences than positive ones. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate this issue and find out the most appropriate way to solve it.
The purpose of the paper is to determine whether it is expedient in the Law of Ukraine "On Limited and Additional Liability Companies" to establish the right of company members to exclude an unscrupulous member from the company, as well as to determine the most effective way of legal regulation of this right in case it is established in law.
Results. The absence of such a right provided by law for members of an LLC makes it impossible for the company to operate in the event that one of its members is unscrupulous and hinders its activity, because the members do not have a legal mechanism that would protect them in such a situation. As a result, in practice the only way in this the situation is the liquidation of the company, which has negative consequences for the economy of Ukraine. On the other hand, during the period of validity of such a provision, which gave the right to society members to exclude an unscrupulous member until 2018, there were many abuses of this right, which overloaded the court system with such cases.
Conclusion. The paper suggests amending the law to allow for the possibility of specifying the reasons for a participant's exclusion from an LLC by the statute while also making it clear that the court has the authority to consider the issue of excluding a participant from the LLC for failing to perform his duties if the statute does not provide for another method of excluding an unscrupulous participant.
Cross-cultural business cooperation at enterprises engaged in foreign economic activities: challenges of implementation and optimal ways to overcome them
Authors: CHYRKOVA Yuliia , BORTNIKOVA Mariana
Published: December 2022

Rapid changes in internationalization are having a huge impact on how businesses operate and their work environments, connecting them with customers and colleagues around the world. This cross-cultural collaboration can promote the growth and development of corporations around the world, resulting in increased demand for a skilled, culturally diverse workforce. While there are many advantages and disadvantages to an intercultural workforce, this means that understanding the best way to manage the business of culturally diverse teams is more actual today than ever.
The purpose of the paper is reflected in the formation of measures to improve the cross-cultural business interaction of Ukrainian enterprises in the context of expanding foreign economic relations.
The world continues to retain a significant number of cultural differences. They become obstacles in the negotiation processes, the work of company employees. All this gives rise to problems of a cross-cultural nature (communication barriers of participants in business interaction, the inability of participants in negotiation processes with foreign partners or other areas of cross-cultural business interaction to use verbal and non-verbal means of communication in a timely and correct manner; leveling the importance of etic- and emic-elements in conditions of cross-cultural interaction; mistakes in interpreting the behavior of a partner in cross-cultural communication, etc.). As the result, the ways to solve existing problems at the enterprise were proposed as follows: the implementation of the cross-cultural management model at the enterprise in order to adapt its specialists to active business interaction in the foreign economic sphere, as well as the introduction of the concept of event management in order to improve methods and forms of cross-cultural business interaction of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of establishing new export-import operations.
Grouping of mechanisms of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border clusters
Authors: YEMELIANOV Oleksandr , MYSHCHYSHYN Olha
Published: December 2022

Introduction. At the current stage of development of Ukraine's economy there is an urgent need to intensify business and innovation activity of domestic enterprises. An introduction of new organizational forms of interaction between participants of economic processes, in particular, cluster structures, is an important direction of ensuring such intensification. The advanced domestic and foreign experience shows that the formation and development of economic clusters is a powerful tool for economic growth both at the level of individual regions and at the national level. This could be achieved through the establishment of long-term mutually beneficial relations between enterprises, organizations and institutions located in a certain area, in order to manufacture and sell competitive goods, works and services. This ensures both the reduction of certain types of specific expenditures and the reduction of economic risk level due to properly organized cooperation relations between the participants of the economic cluster within a common value chain.
The purpose of the paper is to grouping of mechanisms of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border cluster structures.
Results. The interpretation of the concept of the mechanism of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border cluster structures is presented. The types of these mechanisms have been grouped according to such features as: order of formation, place of origin of the initiative to form a cross-border cluster, participation of state (regional) authorities in the process of forming a cluster, method of formation, level of centralization, etc. Mechanisms of formation, functioning and economic development of cross-border clusters in three European macro-regions are analyzed.
Conclusions. The practical significance of the results of the study lies in the possibility of their use in the practice of enterprises, state and local authorities in: assessing the effectiveness of cross-border clusters, assessing the feasibility of certain enterprises to join these clusters, identifying areas for improving the formation and development of cross-border clusters.
Determining the level of innovation of high-tech products of industrial enterprises in their commercialization
Authors: MYROSHCHENKO Nataliia , ZARYTSKA Oksana
Published: December 2022

Introduction. In the process of high-tech products commercialization, in particular, as the level of diffusion of such products increases, it is inevitable to reduce the level of innovation. Identification of this level is important for the adequacy of decision-making on the promotion of products, setting prices, application of methods for protecting information related to the production technology, etc.
The purpose of the paper is to determine the level of innovation of high-tech products of industrial enterprises in the process to their commercialization.
Results. The level of innovativeness of high-tech industrial products in the process of their commercialization was determined. For this purpose, a classification of the types of such products is proposed according to the signs of innovation: purpose, functionality, quality, price, and materials used. As a result of the study, a methodological approach to assessing the level of innovation of high-tech products of the enterprise is justified, which, in particular, includes: establishing signs of innovativeness of high-tech products of the enterprise; specification of types of products within each of the features; identification of the number of signs of innovativeness of the enterprise's high-tech product; determination of the level of innovation of high-tech products.
Conclusion. As a result, a method of determining the innovativeness of high-tech products has been developed, which consists in establishing the signs of innovativeness taking into account the peculiarities of their objective reflection at various stages of commercialization. Using this method, enterprise managers receive a tool for tracking changes in the level of innovation of the company's high-tech products, which is important for justifying the need to make managerial decisions about investing in improving or modifying products or curtailing its production project.
Legislative changes in conduct of financial control by state authorities during the war
Authors: LEONTIEVA Lina
Published: December 2022

The paper provides a legal description of financial control (with regard to the activities of state bodies) as one of the means and methods of the state's controlling influence on the activities of the public sector in relation to subjects involved in various sectors of the economy. The problematic legal issues that arose during the introduction of martial law in Ukraine regarding the exercise of control over business entities are considered. The most effective means, measures and legislative acts adopted after February 24, 2022 are considered.
The state of war made it possible to understand that the issues of increasing the activity of the controlling bodies themselves, namely transparency, accountability and efficiency of their activities, are gaining special relevance. The joint activity of central state authorities, local self-government bodies, control bodies and business entities of state and communal forms of ownership is considered.
An effective system of financial control over the management of state (local) resources (public funds, non-current and other assets) and their use is not only a tool for guaranteeing the transparency, accountability and quality of the activities of state authorities, local self-government bodies and business entities, but also essentially an effective mechanism for ensuring the financial stability and security of the country during martial law, achieving the strategic goals of the state, the effectiveness of state policy, improving the quality of life of the population and, in particular, reforming the system of public finance management. Current legislation practically does not regulate the organization of internal (local) and public state financial control, which causes the absence of a unified system of financial control bodies at the level of territorial communities.
The following conclusions were made in the paper: financial control is an important factor in increasing the efficiency of economic activity of economic entities (of various branches). And it has been proven that precisely during the war, such control plays a major role in state regulation of the economy. When delimiting the powers of control bodies, one should not forget about their interaction with each other. It is their coordinated work, the introduction of changes in legislation during wartime that can contribute to bringing Ukraine's economy to a much higher level. More than ever, during the war, all bodies must act in a coordinated manner and their actions must be aimed at ensuring the economic growth of individuals and legal entities - entrepreneurs.
Peculiarities of accounting and taxation at agricultural enterprises
Authors: SHEVCHENKO Liubov , KULISH Anastasiia
Published: December 2022

The paper is devoted to determining the features of accounting and taxation at agricultural enterprises, principles, advantages and disadvantages for further improvement. Agriculture is one of the leading branches of our country's economy. In recent years, there have been significant changes in the organization of accounting of agricultural enterprises. A number of changes to the legislative and regulatory acts regulating accounting at these enterprises were put into effect. The taxation system on which agricultural enterprises can be subject to changes has also undergone changes, in particular, the system of fixed taxation, on which all agricultural enterprises have been for a long time, has been abolished, and a single tax for payers of 4 groups of agricultural producers has been introduced. Today, the agricultural industry in Ukraine is developing and needs improvement and optimization of its existing functions. However, as modern practical experience shows, the application of innovations in accounting and taxation in the agricultural sector requires a more detailed and qualitative study, since along with the changes there are many problems related to keeping and regulating accounting at agricultural enterprises. Market agriculture in Ukraine was built at the expense of good state support, which includes special tax conditions for subjects of this industry. Many scientists claim that the agricultural industry always needs state support. The tax model of the agricultural sector, which currently exists in Ukraine, was created as a temporary one because it was necessary to support agricultural enterprises, which were also in crisis conditions in the 90s. Today, the rural industry has many differences from the one that existed before, so it is necessary to improve and improve this direction according to generally accepted standards.
Statistical evaluation of the impact of education on changes in labor supply in the labor market
Authors: TARLOPOV Ihor
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The particular role of statistical evaluation of the impact of education on changes in the supply of labor resources in the labor market is corroborated in the presented paper. A comparative analysis is conducted related to the evaluation of the impact of the structure of competencies and education of accountants and auditors on meeting the demands of the labor market. The presented study employed the quantitative research design. It allows to provide replies to questions concerning the relationships existing between variables in order to elucidate, predict and control the respective phenomena.
The purpose of the paper is to investigate the sustainability of qualifications among accounting graduates in accordance with the demands of the labor market.
Results. The authors deem it necessary to conduct further research for the purpose of searching for modern tools, particularly in terms of quantitative and qualitative evaluation of human resources at every life cycle of an individual. A survey was carried out among 250 auditors - graduates of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was utilized for data analysis. The following statistical tools were employed: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality; Pearson correlation coefficient for validity; Cronbach's Alpha for reliability statistics; frequency and descriptive analysis; T-test.
Conclusion. The analysis of the data showed that the university’s contribution to improving the skills of accounting graduates is high, with the mean value (skills of accounting graduates) amounting to 3.86, the test value = 16.5 and P-value = 0. Furthermore, the results of the data analysis also identified positive feedback with regard to the university's contribution to the professional development of accounting graduates, with results showing that the university plays a prominent role therein, the mean value (suitability of accounting curricula) equals 3.67, test value=-12.5 and P-value=0. Recommendations were provided for the improvement of the educational process related to professional training of future accountants and auditors. Prospects for further research lie in the analysis of the compliance of accounting curricula employed in universities with the demands of the labor market.
Segment Reporting and Cost of Capital of Banks with International Authorization in Nigeria
Authors: Samuel Hope Udoma , Akpan Dorathy Christopher , Okpo Sunday Asukwo
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the effect of segment reporting on cost of capital of selected deposit money banks in Nigeria. The dependent variable of this study was cost of capital which was proxied by cost of debt, while segment reporting being the independent variable was proxied by business segment information, geographical segment information and external customer information. The research design adopted for the study was ex post facto, secondary data was employed, three hypotheses were also tested, and purposive sampling technique was employed. The data for the study was analyzed using ordinary least square technique and the statistical tool used was STATA 16. From the outcome of the analysis, it was found out that business segment information and geographical segment information has significant effect on cost of debt capital of selected banks in Nigeria. Thus it was concluded that reporting separate financial information about reportable segments have the likelihood to reduce the banks cost of debt. Based on the outcome of this study, it was recommended that banks should in addition to the disclosure requirement of IFRS 8 make other voluntary and non-financial information as this will completely eliminate information asymmetry and in both the short and long run reduce their cost of debt.
Regionalización de las Curvas de Intensidad-Duración-Frecuencia (IDF) en las Provincias de Santa Elena y Manabí
Authors: Corapi Pietro , Nuñez Neira Nedin Steven
Published: December 2022

Una baja densidad de estaciones pluviométricas en la costa del Ecuador, junto con registros discontinuos e incompletos, ocasionan que la estimación de las ecuaciones de las curvas de intensidad-duración-frecuencia (IDF) sea compleja, dando lugar a sobrestimaciones o subestimaciones de las precipitaciones en sectores sin datos. El propósito de la investigación es crear un mapa regionalizado de los parámetros para la ecuación de las curvas IDF en las provincias de Santa Elena y Manabí. Los datos de precipitación, de las estaciones meteorológicas disponibles, fueron empleados en un análisis estadístico con el objetivo de verificar si se ajustaban a una distribución probabilística. Posterior a esto, mediante regresión lineal múltiple, se determinó cada parámetro de las ecuaciones correspondientes a cada estación. Los parámetros obtenidos fueron distribuidos en el área de estudio por medio de métodos de análisis espacial como la Distancia Inversa Ponderada y Kriging Ordinario en el software QGIS. Se demostró la validez de cada método con estaciones que han sido excluidas en el análisis espacial, donde se ha comprobado un error menor al 10%. El método de Kriging Ordinario ha demostrado una distribución más adecuada, a partir de la cual se ha generado un mapa publicado en ArcGIS Online. Este mapa permitió la lectura de los parámetros de la ecuación de curvas IDF en cualquier coordenada dentro de las provincias de estudio.
Caracterización morfológica del cacao nacional “Theobroma cacao L.” del cantón Naranjal, Ecuador
Authors: Amador Sacoto Carlos , Alvarado Barzallo Arturo , Farah Asang Simón Ezequiel , Martillo Garcia Juan Javier
Published: December 2022

La investigación se realiza en una zona del cantón Naranjal y para este estudio participan 10 fincas aleatoriamente seleccionadas. Estas fincas se dedican a la producción del cacao nacional o fino de aroma. Adicionalmente, en estos lugares, se desarrollan las observaciones y mediciones destinadas a caracterizar morfológicamente este cultivo de cacao originado a partir de variedades de los tipos Forastero y Trinitario. Para su análisis se aplicaron parámetros de estadística descriptiva a un grupo de variables morfológicas como: peso, largo y ancho del fruto, rugosidad, grosor y coloración del pericarpio, y número de semillas por fruto. Se tomaron 10 mazorcas. Y de cada mazorca se describieron 5 semillas, de estas se tomaron determinaciones de variables como peso, largo ancho y espesor de la semilla, peso de la pulpa y testa. A más de ello, se escogieron 10 flores al azar de cada planta para medir sus estructuras. Luego de analizar cada una de estas variables de forma individual, se aplicó un análisis de regresión múltiple, para obtener información del grado de participación de las variables. Finalmente, se obtuvo variables de coloración de peso, forma y rugosidad del fruto para separar las plantas evaluadas por características fenotípicas similares, las que se sometieron a un ANDEVA para evidenciar cuál de los grupos tenía mayor variabilidad estadística. Se encontró una mayor participación del tipo forastero y menor del trinitario. Se constató que los caracteres de mayor importancia se encuentran en el fruto.
Roland Barthes Semiotics Analysis in Tokopedia Advertising Ramadhan Special
Authors: Nafiry Kezia , Wijaya Sheryn , Safiirah Zakiah Nuril
Published: December 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 yang telah melanda seluruh dunia termasuk negara Indonesia berdampak pada banyak faktor terutama mobilitas masyarakat dalam menjalankan kegiatan sehari-hari. Untuk membantu mengatasi masalah tersebut, Tokopedia yang merupakan salah satu e-commerce terbesar di Indonesia melakukan salah satu kegiatan komunikasi melalui iklan  yang berjudul “Dekatkan yang Jauh, Kirim yang Bermakna” edisi spesial Ramadhan. Iklan yang ditampilkan oleh Tokopedia sangatlah menarik, karena dalam iklan tersebut menceritakan atau menggambarkan kondisi masyarakat di masa pandemic COVID-19. Sehingga penulis melakukan analisis semiotika pada iklan Tokopedia yang berjudul Dekatkan yang Jauh, Kirim yang Bermakna” edisi spesial Ramadhan dari alur, ekspresi wajah, gestur, dan latar belakang dengan menggunakan pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes untuk membedah makna-makna dari tanda yang ditampilkan dalam iklan Tokopedia secara konotasi, denotasi dan mitos. Kesimpulan penulis dari analisa yang telah dilakukan adalah melalui iklan Tokopedia ingin menciptakan mitos bahwa ‘jauh’ mempunyai artian yang berbeda-beda tergantung dari bagaimana seseorang menagnggapinya, selain itu Tokopedia juga ingin menyampaikan pesan bahwa sejauh apapun jarak yang menjadi batas selama masa pandemi bisa dijangkau oleh Tokopedia. Melalui penelitian yang dibuat, dapat diketahui bahwa peran dari alur, ekspresi wajah, gestur, dan latar belakang dalam sebuah iklan sangatlah penting dalam penyampaian pesan kepada masyarakat sehingga, perlu direncanakan dan ditampilkan dengan baik.
Marketing Social Innovation Products with IMC
Authors: Dwinanto Kurniawan  , Nafiah Ariani
Published: December 2022

Cumin tea is an herbal product with myriad of benefits. This tea is produced in Tinumpuk Village, Indramayu Regency. Community-based organization that produces this tea belongs to the Ikatan Mantan Buruh Migran–Desa Tinumpuk (IBU TIN). This study aims to determine the application of integrated marketing communication by CBO IBU TIN, especially in marketing cumin tea. This research uses qualitative approach and case study method. The techniques used to collect data are observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis technique used Miles & Huberman interactive analysis, while triangulation of data sources was used to test the validity of the data. The results of the study shows that marketing of cumin tea products by CBO IBU TIN has used several elements in integrated marketing communication, namely advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations, event marketing, and packaging. This finding also shows that CBO IBU TIN does not use digital (interactive) communication in marketing the cumin tea products.

Keywords: Integrated Marketing Communication, Migrant Workers, Cumin Tea
The barycentric model of determining the sustainable growth determinants
Authors: Vasilyeva Tetyana , Yarovenko Hanna , Babenko Dariia , Kalicheva Natalia , Frolova Nataliia , Shylovtseva Nadiia
Published: December 2022

The authors investigate the issue of modelling the balance of sustainable growth determinants based on determining the center of mass. They have identified the most relevant factors that characterize countries' social, economic, and political spheres, digital capability, and cybersecurity to determine sustainable development and growth. The research has been carried out based on empirical values of the selected 17 indicators for 127 world countries in 2018. As a result, the four–pole barycentric models were built as quadrangles, the vertices of which are composite targets formed by the determinants of the four spheres. The models' calculations were carried out taking into account three components: the values of the composite targets (as a geometric mean), the level of pairs balance (as the sum of opposite pairs of quadrilateral angles), and all four targets (as the distance between the actual and standard value of the center of mass). According to the analysis result of the first component, developed countries have the most effective targets (top five – Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Finland, and the Netherlands). Research of the results of the second component has revealed an imbalance in target pairs for most countries. Determinants of socio–political development are the most effective for developed countries. The economic sphere is most unbalanced for the least developed countries. Various determinants can cause an imbalance for developing and new industrial countries. The analysis of the center of mass distances revealed that not only developed countries could be balanced, but also developing, new industrial and the least developed, which indicates a balanced development of their determinants, which is pretty slow. New Zealand, Mauritius, South Africa and Mali were the most balanced in each country's sustainable growth group.
Historia ławy przysięgłych i jej przyszłość w sprawach karnych
Authors: Żurko Jan
Published: December 2022

Tematem niniejszego artykułu jest instytucja ławy przysięgłych w ujęciu historycznoporównawczym, a także możliwość jej przywrócenia w polskiej procedurze karnej. Punktem wyjścia są podstawowe zasady funkcjonowania ławy przysięgłych. Zasady te cechują wszystkie instytucje omawiane w części historycznoporównawczej. Instytucjami tymi były rzymskie quaestiones perpetuae, angielskie thengs, kolegium świadków oraz petit jury i grand jury. Porównane zostają również wzorowane na angielskich ławy przysięgłych we Francji, Stanach Zjednoczonych, Rosji i w przedwojennej Polsce. Artykuł obejmuje nie tylko aspekty prawne, ale także praktykę orzeczniczą polskiej ławy przysięgłych. Finalnie artykuł zmierza do podsumowania wad i zalet ławy przysięgłych w kontekście jej w prowadzenia w Polsce.
Zasada lex retro non agit w orzecznictwie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego
Authors: Lis Magdalena
Published: December 2022

Zasada niedziałania prawa wstecz to jedna z istotnych zasad obowiązujących w systemie polskiego prawa, pomimo niewyrażenia jej expressis verbis w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. O zasadzie tej licznie wypowiadał się Trybunał Konstytucyjny, który wywiódł ją z klauzuli demokratycznego państwa prawnego. W swoim orzecznictwie sąd konstytucyjny określa przesłanki wedle których powinna być dokonywana ocena dopuszczalności nadania normie prawnej mocy wstecznej.
Aleksander Kakowski - Regent, Prymas, Ojciec Niepodległości
Authors: Daszczyszak Michał , Dunikowski Paweł
Published: December 2022

Obchodzone w ostatnim okresie czasu 100 lecie odzyskania Niepodległości szerokim echem w środkach masowego przekazu prezentuje początek naszej państwowości ukazując postacie Polaków,  których działalność społeczno-polityczna miała wpływ na przejecie władzy na ziemiach polskich po zakończeniu działań wojennych w 1918 r.
Sprawozdanie z Ogólnopolskiej Konferencji Naukowej – „Ład prawny w obliczu wyzwań XXI wieku” (Lublin, 14 czerwca 2022 r.)
Authors: Pietrzak Przemysław
Published: December 2022

Tematyka wystąpień była różnorodna, dotyczyła między innymi: uregulowań prawnych relacji państwo-Kościół, współczesnej roli prawa naturalnego, możliwości reform ustrojowych czy też zawiłości prawnych prawa i postępowania karnego. Poszanowanie podstawowych wartości jest bowiem warunkiem koniecznym spójności systemu prawnego i przejawem rozwiniętej kultury prawnej.
Ewolucja pozycji prawnej duchowieństwa w postępowaniu karnym na ziemiach polskich
Authors: Pietrzak Przemysław
Published: December 2022

Pozycja prawna duchowieństwa w postępowaniu karnym zmieniała się na przestrzeni lat. W zależności od kraju odgrywało ono też różną rolę. O ile ewolucja wynikała często z uwarunkowań społeczno-politycznych czy też postępu technologicznego, to jednak nie zawsze mogła być to zmiana w kierunku gwarantującym w dalszym ciągu realizację wolności obywatelskich.
Osobowość prawna kościołów i innych związków wyznaniowych oraz ich jednostek organizacyjnych w prawie polskim – przyczynek do rozważań
Authors: Bernaciński Łukasz
Published: December 2022

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wskazanie w przyczynkowy sposób kluczowych zagadnień związanych z funkcjonowaniem kościelnych osób prawnych w obrocie prawnym. Realizacji postawionego zadania służyć będzie przedstawienie krótkiego rysu historycznego dotyczącego wykształcania się osobowości prawnej podmiotów innych niż osoby fizyczne. Istotny wkład w ukształtowanie pojęcia osoby prawnej mieli nie tylko prawnicy rzymscy lecz także teolodzy i kanoniści, dla których oparte na wierze spojrzenie na Kościół było inspiracją dla powstania koncepcji osoby moralnej czy osoby prawnej. Z czasem  pojęcie osoby prawnej zaczęto wykorzystywać zarówno w prawie kanonicznym jak i państwowym. W artykule ukazane zostaną także fundamenty polskich regulacji dotyczących osobowości prawnej. Rozważania te staną się punktem wyjścia do omówienia szczególnych regulacji dotyczących osobowości prawnej kościołów i innych związków wyznaniowych w prawie polskim. Do stania się podmiotem praw i obowiązków w prawie polskim nie wystarczy posiadanie kościelnej osobowości prawnej. Jednostki organizacyjne wspólnot konfesyjnych muszą uzyskać osobowość prawną w prawie polskim, aby móc samodzielnie działać w przestrzeni publicznoprawnej. Wynika z tego, że w akcie prawnym rangi ustawowej musi znaleźć się podstawa prawna uznająca określony rodzaj kościelnej jednostki organizacyjnej za osobę prawną lub umożliwiająca jej nabycie osobowości prawnej we wskazany sposób. Dopełnieniem rozważań pozostanie zatem omówienie powstawania i warunków uczestniczenia w obrocie prawnym kościelnych osób prawnych w Polsce.
СОХРАНЕНИЕ И ПОПУЛЯРИЗАЦИЯ ЯЗЫКОВ И КУЛЬТУР (ИЗ ОПЫТА КАФЕДРЫ ЯЗЫКОВ НАРОДОВ СИБИРИ ТГПУ)
Authors: Ковылин Сергей Васильевич , Крюкова Елена Александровна
Published: December 2022

В статье рассматривается деятельность кафедры языков народов Сибири (ЯНС) Томского государственного педагогического университета по сохранению и популяризации языков и культур, исследованием научной проблематики которых в ТГПУ занимаются уже более 70 лет. В работе описывается социолингвистическая ситуация кетского, селькупского, вах-васюганского хантыйского, телеутского и чулымско-тюркского языков, обсуждается количество говорящих, функционирование письменности, а также практическое использование языков и их диалектов, что определяет общий контекст их существования. Представлены основные проекты языкового активизма, успешно реализуемые кафедрой, которые подразумевают диалог автохтонного населения с учеными-исследователями языков и культур, а также вовлеченность в проекты автохтонного и аллохтонного населения. Мероприятия включают в себя проведение научно-популярных лекций, круглых столов, открытых уроков и тематических вечеров. Одним из наиболее интересных проектов является издание «Сборников аннотированных фольклорных и бытовых текстов обско-енисейского языкового ареала» (7 томов) двойной направленности (для академических сотрудников и в помощь желающим изучать языки народов Сибири). Более того, практически каждая организация коренного малочисленного народа Сибири, а также институты, такие как кафедра языков народов Сибири, развивают свой творческий потенциал (в рамках исследуемой проблематики) на просторах сети интернет.
How do exchange rates affect the Big One? An empirical analysis of the effect of exchange rates on RCEP exports using the gravity model
Authors: Tancangco Jose Adlai
Published: December 2022

The often disparate and conflicting effects of exchange rate on bilateral exports reported by previous literature necessitate a further study of the relationship between monetary and trade variables. This study contributes to the stream of literature by analyzing monetary variables such as exchange rate volatility, exchange rate misalignment, exchange rate regimes, and real effective exchange rates with bilateral aggregate exports through a sample of 15 nations comprising the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) region for the years 1996 to 2017 using Ordinary Least Squares and Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood panel fixed effects regression. Results indicate that a country’s real effective exchange rate ratio and the exchange rate volatility for countries under a floating exchange rate regime reduce aggregate exports.
Energy Efficiency Study in Alor Gajah Municipal Council Buildings
Authors: Mohamad Shafie Taib  , Mohd Faizal Mohideen Batcha  , Shazarel Shamsudin  , Norashikin Sahadan
Published: January 2023

Energy efficiency in buildings plays a prominent role in the integrated urban development and environmental planning. By reducing the energy consumption of buildings, the environmental impact and carbon footprint are less, as well as costs for energy are reduced and optimized. The poor results from previous energy efficiency initiatives had forced the Malaysian government to launch National Energy Efficiency Action Plan for 10 years implementation period of 2016-2025 (NEEAP) after taking into account the socio-culture, policy, financial, and administration barriers. The objective of this study was to present and discuss the findings of the energy audit for the Alor Gajah Municipal Council (MPAG) building complex. MPAG will be able to save up to RM2,400,00.00 in energy spending between 2020 and 2030, should all the energy efficiency initiatives be fully implemented together with renewable energy. By investing in energy efficiency MPAG can achieve substantial energy cost savings throughout the facilities, demonstrate energy and environmental leadership, and raise self-awareness of the benefits of energy efficiency. This case study also summarises the recommendations for the implementation of energy efficiency in the building complex. Some suggestions are made in this paper as measures to improve the delivery mechanism. The Internet of Energy (IoE) is an implementation of the Internet of Things technology (IoT) will becoming a legal science tool to serve the purpose of a smart city.
Laser Intensity of Thermo-Responsive Nanoparticles Size Measurement Using Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Nur Fathin Amirah Shafie  , Syazwani Mohd Faizo  , Roshafima Rasit Ali  , Mohd Yusof Hamzah  , Naurah Mat Isa  , Zatil Izzah Tarmizi  , Mohd Shahrul Nizam Salleh
Published: January 2023

Dynamic light scattering (DLS) or photon cross-correlation spectroscopy (PCCS) is a very potent means for analyzing the diffusion behaviour of supramolecules in their solution form. The diffusion coefficient, probed from the scattered light by supramolecules underexposure to incident light, allows the hydrodynamic radii to be calculated. However, the scattering values were recently misled by an unexpected interaction between the incident light and thermo-sensitive nanogels. Hence, in turn, it resulted in a miscalculation of the size of the nanogels by more than 100% of their expected values. The study fulfills a vital knowledge gap by investigating the effects of laser intensity on the size of thermo-sensitive Poly(N-Isopropyl Acrylamide-Vinyl Pyrrolidone-Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate-(2-(Dimethyl Amino)Ethyl Methacrylate)), Poly(NIPAAM-PVP-PEGDA-DMAEMA) nanogels and subsequent count rates in DLS measurements. The Lower Critical Solution Temperature, LCST phase transition of Poly(NIPAAM-PVP-PEGDA-DMAEMA) nanogel can be observed using the DLS technique. The higher laser intensity was advantageous for measuring at high dilution more vigorously with varying laser intensities. Thus, a sufficient laser intensity should be chosen based on the light scattering characteristics of typical samples.
Numerical Study of Forced Convection Between Two Elliptical Cylinders with Variable ThermoPhysical Properties
Authors: Zerari Khalil  , Haddad Zakaria
Published: January 2023

This study presents a numerical simulation of the three dimensional laminar forced convection between two elliptical horizontal cylinders with variable thermophysical properties using a program generated in FORTRAN language. The inner cylinder is uniformly heated whereas the outer cylinder is adiabatic. The flow and thermal fields are modeled by the continuity, momentum and energy equations with appropriate initial and boundary conditions using an elliptical coordinate system. The model equations are numerically solved by a finite volume numerical method with second order accurate spatiotemporal discretization. The variations of axial velocity, temperature and Nusselt number have been studied in three cases of forced convection, which are 100, 200 and 300 of Reynolds values. The results obtained show that the change in flow regime with increasing Reynolds number value has a significant effect on the value of Nusselt number, rather the heat exchange coefficient. Where Re=300 gives the best heat exchange.
Development plan based on analyzing the actual conditions of Korea's defense base area
Authors: Jang Sangguk , Choi Giil
Published: December 2022

This study aims to derive a customized development plan for the defense base area centered on the Gyeongsangnam-do and Changwon special cities, which are representative bases in the domestic defense industry. The areas account for more than 40% of the defense sales and the number of employees based on domestic defense companies. Their status and importance increased as they were selected as the first defense innovation cluster pilot project in Korea by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration. For the research method, management performance (sales, R&D investment, number of employees, exports) and difficulties factors were analyzed by targeting 490 defense companies located in Gyeongnam from 2018 to 2021. Based on the results, considerable strengths and opportunity factors were derived in the fields of industry composition, defense supply chain, parts localization, workforce training, and cooperation networks, and the creation of a favorable management environment for defense SMEs was suggested. In the future, to facilitate the localization of defense materials and parts through the defense innovation cluster project, and to establish an effective mid- to long-term defense industry promotion strategy, an accurate analysis of the current situation and competitiveness of defense companies in the Gyeongnam region is required.
Comparison of Security Policies between the Trump and Biden Governments toward China
Authors: Yang Haesoo
Published: December 2022

The Trump administration, following the Obama administration, criticized previous administrations' security policies toward China, heralding the emergence of a groundbreaking strategy. Biden also criticized the Trump administration's security policy toward China from the time of his presidential nomination, implying the emergence of various containment policies. In this study, the Trump and Biden administration's China security policies were examined and compared with an emphasis on the integrated deterrence declared by the Biden government. The Trump and Biden administrations simultaneously pointed to China as a country that would undermine US interests. Accordingly, the two governments pursued a containment policy against China to maintain a US-centered international order. The Trump administration pursued a reckless alliance strategy based on the US-first principle as its integration policy and maintained multilateral security cooperation centered on the Indo-Pacific strategy as its deterrence policy. The Biden government maintained an ideological alliance strategy based on alliance priority as an integration policy and sought multilateral security cooperation by adding the NATO alliance to the Indo-Pacific strategy as a deterrence policy. The US anti-China policy can be divided into integration and suppression, and the detailed strategies applied at this time covered nonmilitary and military areas. Therefore, this study investigated the possibility of applying the entire military or nonmilitary domain to the scope of the analysis of the theory of integration and deterrence within the framework of international relations.
Development of a teaching competency diagnostic tool for army military school instructors
Authors: Park Jongok , Lee Sanghun , Kang Yongkwan
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop a teaching competency diagnosis tool for instructors working in army military schools to improve the quality of education and cultivate the competitiveness of the organization. To this end, previous research data related to the development of teaching competency diagnosis tools were collected and analyzed. Subsequently, focus group interviews and behavioral case interviews with excellent instructors at the Army Military School were conducted, and Delphi surveys were conducted with educational experts to organize teaching competency components and diagnostic tools temporarily. Next, to verify the validity of questionnaire items, a preliminary survey and a main survey were conducted with questionnaires administered to excellent instructors and ordinary instructors to confirm the validity and reliability of the teaching competency diagnosis tool. As a result of the study, four competencies (basic, class, organizational, and digital), 10 major competencies (attitude and attitude as educators, relationship formation, etc.), 25 sub-competencies (responsibility as instructors, initiative, etc.), and 65 behavioral indicators were selected. The diagnostic tools derived through this study are the competencies that instructors must have to perform their duties successfully in military schools. Therefore, our results not only provide information necessary for establishing instructor competency development policies but also contribute greatly to developing programs to strengthen teaching competency in military schools.