bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Third-party risk management: Strategy to mitigate ‘on-premise’ and ‘cloud’ cyber security risks
Authors: Cissé Moh
Published: July 2024

This paper will attempt to exhaustively identify third-party partnership risks and describe requirements applicable to this relationship in the IT security business context. These entities have, either long-term or for an ad hoc period, occasional access to premises, infrastructures and/or data belonging to this organisation. These physical and logical accesses are a source of risk that all organisations should work to mitigate and avoid the materialisation of related threats and impacts that could jeopardise the achievement of their business objectives. Third-party risk management is the set of risk management practices and processes that adequately mitigate the risks inherent to the relationships between the company and its partners. These partners are identified by the designation of ‘third parties’. The mitigation of risks will be considered convenient if it ensures information assets security and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and security requirements policies and guidelines. Mitigating these risks requires a different strategy depending on the type of business relationship and the nature of the service. The strategy applied to services delivered by a partner during an ‘on-site’ or ‘on-premise’ relationship has features that are not applicable to cloud-based services. The increasing attraction for cloud services — even for companies considered historically as refractory — requires particular attention to risks associated with this new reality of services. In North America (Canada and US) the use of cloud computing is becoming increasingly important in the public sector (such as government, hospitals) and the private sector operating in sensitive environments (such as ICS/SCADA networks). This paper, which is intended to be a practical tool for developing an IT risk management strategy with third parties, is applicable specifically in technology environments for both on-premises and cloud deployment. It applies to risks related to technological components in multi-client environments as well as dedicated service to specific customers.
Successful public–private partnerships: The NYPD shield model
Authors: Amadeo Vincent , Iannone Stephen
Published: July 2024

This article will identify the challenges that post 9/11 law enforcement faces regarding privatepublic partnerships and describe in detail the NYPD Shield programme, created to combat those challenges. Recommendations made by the 911 Commission included the incorporation of the private sector into future homeland security strategies. One such strategy is NYPD Shield. This programme is a nationally recognized award-winning public-private partnership dedicated to providing counterterrorism training and information sharing with government agencies, non-government organizations, private businesses, and the community. Information is shared through several platforms that include a dedicated website, instruction of counterterrorism training curricula, e-mail alerts, intelligence assessments and the hosting of quarterly conferences. This article also details how the NYPD Shield is providing its successful template to other law enforcement agencies enabling them to initiate similar programmes in their respective jurisdictions, and in doing so joining a National Shield Network.
Online hotel reviews: Factors influencing how customers perceive their credibility and the likelihood of customer adoption
Authors: Abuhulaibah Talal , Chen Mccain Shiang-Lih , Lolli Jeffrey C.
Published: July 2024

Customer reviews are an increasingly important part of the travel and tourism industry. It is therefore important to understand how the perceived credibility of online reviews influence the likelihood of customer adoption. This study examines three factors that affect the credibility of online reviews and how those reviews influence customer adoption when booking hotel reservations, namely: argument quality, source credibility, and review consistency and quantity. The results show that these factors have direct and positive effects on review credibility and thus on review adoption. This has implications for both hotel managers and online booking and review websites. Hotel managers should assess all reviews for credibility by looking at the argument and source credibility, and then look for trends or patterns to uncover recurring issues. Most importantly, managers must respond to all reviews in a prompt, helpful and polite manner. This can influence not only the individual who has posted the online review, but also the many readers thereafter. Furthermore, online booking and review sites can do more to ensure fair postings and increase the credibility of online hotel reviews. These sites should not allow anonymous postings but rather require each reviewer to create a profile that includes ID verification.
Forecast of forecast: An analytical approach to stressed impairment forecasting
Authors: Skoglund Jimmy , Chen Wei
Published: July 2024

The new impairment reporting standards require banks to move from incurred loss models to sophisticated macroeconomic based expected credit loss models for current impairment estimation. While the impairment estimation is mainly focused on business as usual macroeconomic projections, there is a demand and expectation from regulators that the new impairment models should also be a foundation for the next generation stress tests. The expected credit loss models are the base for loss provisioning and hence are subject to stress testing. The use of impairment models in stressed situations of course have profound implications on banks model, calibration and validation approach. This paper proposes a forecast of forecast approach to stressed impairment estimation. The paper captures consistently the initial stressed macroeconomic development (which can, for example, be a regulatory mandated stress scenario), the bank specific assumptions about new business generated in the initial stress development and an estimation of the forward impairment forecast. After an initial motivating example of the forecast of forecast approach using a delinquency state transition model we show how an analytical and computationally tractable forecast of forecast approach can be simply implemented using only minor changes to the current impairment models calculation, especially for state transition models with no or limited state path history tracking, which covers the majority of models used by banks in practice.
Branding in urban regeneration
Authors: Eshuis Jasper , Edelenbos Jurian
Published: July 2024

Branding is becoming a popular instrument in urban regeneration. This paper discusses two main applications of branding in regeneration programmes: as a marketing instrument to create positive perceptions of regenerating areas, and as a planning instrument to direct and guide urban regeneration. In the latter case, a brand functions as a compass. On the basis of an analysis of two cases, the paper argues that effective branding requires collaboration between stakeholders: a brand tends to receive more support if it is a result of co-production by the stakeholders involved. Moreover, to be convincing, it is important that a brand corresponds sufficiently to concrete developments in the neighbourhood. A brand needs to be rooted in a common view on the desired development direction, and it needs to be closely connected with existing reality. Therefore, it is important to align the process of branding with the implementation of urban regeneration.
The true cost of brownfield land: Rethinking investment approaches
Authors: Gilbert Abigail , Hall Euan
Published: July 2024

This paper calls for a renewed approach to investment decision making for brownfield land. Conventional tools for investment decision making in relation to brownfield land reclamation fail to account for the social costs of its continued neglect. This paper highlights some of these costs via a review of international research, and reflects on the meaning of these findings for current planning practice in the UK. This short research report highlights the unacceptable consequences of leaving brownfield land in an ongoing state of dereliction, consequences that result in substantial costs for central and local government and for society as a whole. Further, it draws attention to the significant inequalities in health and well-being arising from the continued neglect of these sites, making suggestions for alternative approaches to non-intervention where sites are not suitable or appropriate for redevelopment.
Payments under Section 11(11) of the Party Wall etc. Act 1996
Authors: Rust Mikael
Published: July 2024

It is generally known and accepted that under the Party Wall etc. Act 1996 when ‘building owners’ make use of building works carried out previously by their neighbours, the ‘adjoining owners’, they will have to pay a ‘due proportion of the expenses incurred by (the neighbour) in carrying out that work’. This seems to be perfectly reasonable but complications can arise when there has been a change in ownership and where there is more than one owner under the Act of the property in respect of which the work was carried out. Some surveyors apply the principle that unless the current adjoining owner actually incurred expenses in carrying out that work no payment is due under 11(11). Others believe that if building owners wish to enclose on a party wall built as part of the original building they must pay the due proportion under 11(11). A typical example is when a building owner wishes to extend into the space beside the ‘back addition’ and make use of the type ‘a’ party wall that is the external wall of the neighbour's ‘back addition’. Neither of the established references on the workings of the Act have much to say on the matter, which may suggest that any complications are more to do with surveyors than the law itself.1 The position turns out to be relatively straightforward and is summarised in the comment on the sub-section in both editions of The Pyramus & This be Club's ‘The Green Book’.2
Places in common
Authors: Spiegal Bernard
Published: July 2024

The recent ‘riots’ or ‘disorder’ should not deflect us from creating a local, shared communal realm underpinned by the value, ‘Children and teenagers being seen and heard in shared public spaces is a hallmark of a society at ease with itself’. The emphasis here is on ‘shared’. This key value is honoured more in the breach than in the application. The local outdoors within social housing estates and regeneration schemes ‐ understood as potential venues for informal, unplanned sociability across the generations ‐ receive insufficient attention. Any attention given is too often governed by essentially negative criteria. Children, teenagers and adults are conceptually hived off from each other. Observation should create understanding of the potentialities inherent in the out of doors. It is out of doors that one learns through experience how values, beliefs and traditions are transformed into ways of life. This is a form of learning that cannot be taught/ acts of co-creation across generations.
‘Build it and they will come’ is a myth: Building a digital activation strategy
Authors: Herskovits Bryan
Published: July 2024

Although the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) is a worldwide leader in innovative mobile payment technology, front-line employees had never been trained on mobile capabilities. Agile development had taken root, and a deep series of agile product roadmap releases were set to come fast and furious for the foreseeable future. There was a need for a new methodology to support the bank’s digital fluency in what would be very rapid digital transformation. There was no method to accommodate just-in-time learning, let alone learning that was experiential and could take advantage of the latest in cognitive behavioural science. In this case study, readers will learn: 1) How RBC implemented a Celent Model Bank Award-winning digital activation strategy that may be the first financial industry mobile activation strategy in North America; 2) Why being a large organisation is no longer an excuse for inaction; 3) How to develop a model for digital activation that is straightforward for almost any organisation to adopt; 4) A way to quickly build an enterprise-wide interactive learning platform for employees and clients.
Commentary Towards a theology of urban regeneration
Authors: Jones James
Published: July 2024

Working in partnership with other faiths and a number of agencies including the RDA for the North West the author has set up Faiths4Change, which is an organisation working across the faith communities engaging local people in the holistic transformation of their local environment. Quoting the African proverb 'We have borrowed the present from our children', he believes that young people are much more alert to the need to create cleaner, safer and greener communities. He believes that there is a real tension between community-led regeneration and programmes that are centrally driven. He feels that these tensions are often revealed in the language that is used. People living in local communities tend to use organic language such as 'seeds, planting and renewal'; those who control the money tend to use mechanical language such as 'triggers, buttons, levers and targets'. He is convinced that one cannot have mechanical solutions to organic problems and that those with the money and the power need to understand more fully how communities die and live again. In this paper, he reflects on the experience and what was learned when he was Chair of Kensington Regeneration in Liverpool from 1999 to 2004.
`The Idea of the Digital University/ Ancient Traditions, Disruptive Technologies and the Battle for the Soul of Higher Education;` Edited by Frank Bryce McClusky and Melanie Winter
Authors: Uzwyshyn Ray
Published: July 2024

The Idea of the Digital University/ Ancient Traditions, Disruptive Technologies and the Battle for the Soul of Higher Education; Edited by/ Frank Bryce McClusky and Melanie Winter Reviewer/ Ray Uzwyshyn.
Catalysts for change: How partnerships and transparency created the Maryland Department of Emergency Management
Authors: Sierra Anna
Published: July 2024

The Maryland Department of Emergency Management was established in October 2021 after decades of reorganisation and relocation within state government. The elevation of the agency from under the Maryland Military Department to a cabinet-level department was a result of years of partnership building with stakeholders as well as two significant external pressures: the COVID-19 response and the interest in improving 911 delivery through the implementation of next-generation 911 technology. This case study examines the history of emergency management organisation in Maryland and highlights lessons learned and best practices for emergency managers seeking to elevate emergency management from a subagency level to a cabinet level or direct report to the highest elected official.
Delivering creative clusters and stimulating local economic growth: Collaboration, leadership and addressing regional disparities in Coventry and Warwickshire
Authors: Windrum Sarah
Published: July 2024

Creative clusters are attractive to regions for the same reason they are attractive to government: creative businesses are at low risk of automation and are experiencing significant growth — 6.5 per cent p.a. in Coventry and Warwickshire. Coventry and Warwickshire Local Enterprise Partnership (CWLEP) wanted to stimulate economic growth for their diverse creative industries to continue their successful track record. This record, delivering more growth than any other LEP geography, was initially built on a focused strategy for a key sector with strong roots in the region. Within this strategy, there was a recommendation to deliver key skills in creative thinking and digital application for the automotive sector and its supply chain. This provided regional stakeholders with a springboard to stimulate wider growth of the creative industries. The first task was to adopt the tried and tested model for delivering growth by scoping existing creative businesses in the region and finding a focus. ‘Blueprint for Growth: Strengthening the Games Sector’ was the catalyst — using the games industry as a gateway for the wider creative sector. Creative businesses saw the potential benefits to their own industries in ‘Blueprint’. Business engagement with the creative sector significantly increased and clusters took shape. To showcase the diversity of creative industries in all their glory, common threads were sought. These threads not only ran through the creative sector, they also started to form bridges to other clusters — including automotive. The idea of creativity as a way of thinking and a tool for all sectors began to surface and advances in technology became cross-cluster opportunities. The fertile ground between clusters allows for the growth of supporting professional services and provides a foundation for culture and place to thrive. This delicate ecosystem requires continual nurture best delivered by those ‘on the ground’.
Managing digital unpredictability and changing behaviour with reusable web-portable assets
Authors: Lewis Andrew
Published: July 2024

This paper considers the impact of ubiquitous digital connectivity and the proliferation of rapidly emerging new digital devices and how these change audiences’ lives and ultimately their behaviour and expectations. It discusses how this new unpredictability makes the design and development of front-facing content and features more difficult to do and how it has increased the risk that established services may suddenly become irrelevant or obsolete for target audiences. A simple management model is discussed to cope with digital unpredictability, based on separating core business knowledge-asset management from front-facing service development, in particular the importance of translating institutional data resources into web-portable digital assets. This model is based upon releasing multiple incremental features and services, rather than long-term continuous investment in services deeply coupled to back-end systems. This model underpins the data-driven strategies employed for delivering front-end digital services by the Digital Media Department of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. Examples of live services created using this approach are described to illustrate how the strategic model is translated in practice to create public services. The complexity of diverse legacy technology within large organisations is acknowledged and options are discussed for dealing with this. The practical implementation of specific services is described briefly to show how individual internal records can be harnessed in several diverse services, each of which is responding to a distinctly different audience need. The approach described is offered as a practical and efficient way for digital service managers to cope with unpredictable new audience expectations due to uptake of new digital consumer technology.
Evolutions in next-generation integrated facilities management (IFM) outsourcing contracts: Implications for corporate real estate, facilities management and procurement executives
Authors: Marcum Monte
Published: July 2024

As companies continue on the integrated facilities management (IFM) outsourcing journey, corporate real estate (CRE), facilities management (FM) and procurement executives must evolve their sourcing strategies from first-generation approaches to accommodate shifts in internal goals and objectives and respond to changes in the supplier industry. This paper explores what companies are doing in their next-generation IFM outsourcing efforts and how these strategies both influence and react to developments in IFM suppliers’ service offerings. Characterised by multi-regional approaches and simplified versions of their first-generation contracts, cornerstones of these shifting strategies include addressing innovation and a broader view of total facility operating costs. Practical insights drawn from companies’ experiences and lessons learned in overcoming issues will offer guidance to firms that are either considering starting the IFM journey or enhancing their existing programme.
Best practices in bank automated clearing house risk management
Authors: Listwan Laura
Published: July 2024

The extraordinary growth and evolving nature of automated clearing house (ACH) transactions in the US during the past few years have created a recipe for risk. Early detection and prevention of fraud and other risks in the ACH system will protect banks, corporations and consumers, and at the same time preserve the integrity of the ACH brand. Best practices in cheque fraud prevention can and should be leveraged to be instructive in averting ACH fraud. Timely progress is dependent upon teamwork among all constituencies. Certain prevention practices can be adopted immediately to begin addressing potential losses before they occur, rather than waiting until disaster strikes. These efforts include: educating the industry on ACH risks; integrating know-your-customer and risk management behaviours into sales strategies; integrating fraud control procedures and monitoring technology into existing systems; and prevention methods that reach beyond all these practices virtually to reinvent the ACH network. ACH risk management must immediately become a high priority to protect the future of the network and the credibility of electronic payments in the US.
Measuring performance for ‘long-horizon’ investing
Authors: Ringrose Kyle
Published: July 2024

There are many highly credentialed advocates of ‘long-horizon’ investment (LHI) performance measurement whose works are referenced throughout this paper. It is considered that LHI performance measurement can add value within a pension fund by adding another dimension to the investment performance measurement process, ie looking through to the underlying earnings of the investment assets in addition to the current appraisal of market-value movements. The most prevalent benchmark for pension funds in many countries is peer comparison; however, this misses the fundamental point that a pension-fund member cares deeply about ‘adequacy in retirement’ and very little (if at all) about how well their fund compares with its peers. While setting a benchmark of ‘adequacy in retirement’ for a defined contribution (DC) plan is problematic, many pension funds can and do set an absolute long-term objective of the cost performance index + (say) 4 per cent. The assumption here is that, over a member’s working life (and given appropriate contributions to the fund), this realistic investment objective will indeed provide ‘adequacy in retirement’. But the problem with performance measurement against such an absolute benchmark is how to measure performance in the short term. A trustee cannot wait 30–40 years to see if the investment objective will be met, they must be able to assess performance along the way. The trustee needs the answer to the question: ‘Was the absolute investment return a good or not so good outcome over the most recent short-term periods?’ The introduction of LHI performance measurement undoubtedly will help to provide an answer to this question.
Creating sustainable value from aviation assets in Asia Pacific
Authors: Baum Caspar
Published: July 2024

The Asia Pacific region, led by China, is set to dominate growth in the aviation sector for the next generation. Demand for aviation is at an all-time high, and is set to rocket over the coming decade. This is leading to a wealth of investment in the region's infrastructure assets: creating new airports and upgrading existing ones. This paper, based on a presentation given at the recent SMART Airport Conference in Hong Kong, explores ways in which owners and investors can obtain, maintain and grow value from their aviation assets.
Strategic innovation in payments systems: What are the next big things?
Authors: Vanetti Renzo
Published: July 2024

All market players, nowadays, agree that innovation is the utmost driver for economic improvements. However, in order to achieve truly innovative shifts, a fundamental change in perspective is required more than ever, as the financial crisis has clearly pointed out. With regards to payments innovation, the main drivers of which are real-time economy, the internet revolution and the digital generation, a new overall paradigm is needed for the payments systems industry not to miss the call — especially if we consider the recent substantial changes concerning the European Payments Area, with the introduction of groundbreaking initiatives such as the Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) and the Payment Services Directive (PSD). In this new scenario, featured by new rules, new services, new players and new business models, the SIA-SSB Group has been focusing its efforts on creating examples of innovative contributions, working side-by-side with the international banking system and with key European institutions, to develop and offer new solutions, sustainable in the long term. This paper provides an overview of the SIA-SSB Group’s continued commitment in understanding the new evolving needs of the payments industry.
Patient bias and discrimination towards providers
Authors: Kalina Peter
Published: July 2024

Patients and their families come with prejudices and biases that include how they view providers. Providers, in turn, must sometimes care for people whose beliefs, actions or words they may find objectionable. Discrimination against health-care providers, including refusing care from a provider and requesting another based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender, age or sexual orientation, is a complex issue for all involved, especially leadership. ‘The needs of the patient come first’ has historically meant respecting and yielding to patient requests and caring for everyone with professionalism, regardless of one’s personal opinions. Much more work is needed to effect meaningful change so that all may benefit from broad culture-changing responses, guidelines and formal anti-discrimination policy statements. Patient satisfaction and the needs of the patient have always been paramount, but providers should not have to tolerate a work environment fraught with racism, hostility, verbal abuse and threats. While the emphasis on patient-centred care remains steadfast, it is time to expand the conversation to include the importance of provider satisfaction and well-being: the ‘Quadruple Aim’.
Why user experience is crucial for procurement
Authors: Simko Stephen , Rozelle Brandon
Published: July 2024

Procurement touches every part of a company and the critical role that suppliers play in a company’s operations only increases its importance. For direct materials, the purchases are managed by dedicated experts whose focus allows them to develop expertise in using specialised, and sometimes complex, systems. On the other hand, indirect purchases can be made by anyone in the organisation, most of whom will be infrequent users who struggle to adapt to any system that is difficult to use. At the same time, procurement departments are looking for ways to increase the amount of spend under management to reduce costs and minimise the risks, such as information security, associated with uncontrolled buying. Solving this challenge requires that we expand our perspective of procurement systems to include the overall user experience (UX). This paper is a summary of our collective learnings on why UX is critical to any procurement and supply chain organisation, and the proven framework and techniques we deploy to help companies achieve their transformation and operations goals.
China’s university fundraising and institutionally related foundations: Development, current status and challenges
Authors: Gao Yang
Published: July 2024

Over the past decade, Chinese universities have been giving increased emphasis to institutional advancement through philanthropic fundraising. Private contributions received by China’s universities have increased rapidly. This study aims to understand the development, current status and challenges in China’s university fundraising by looking at the central actor: institutionally related foundations (IRFs). By presenting analyses and a case study on the organisation function, structure and fundraising practices of China’s leading university IRFs, this paper reveals and summarises some unique characteristics and development patterns of university fundraising and IRFs’ development in China, hoping to provide stakeholders with helpful reference and insights to understand China’s rising higher education fundraising.
`Kaye v Lawrence` revisited: The Party Wall etc. Act 1996 and the revolution of 1894
Authors: Rust Mikael
Published: July 2024

As the High Court itself anticipated, two-and-a-half years ago the judgment of Mr Justice Ramsey in Kaye v Lawrence [2010] EWHC 2678 (TCC) generated much interest among party wall surveyors, in particular the perceived extension of the availability of ‘security for expenses’ to an adjoining owner where a building owner is carrying out work entirely on his own land. The issue of security for expenses is to some extent merely the tip of the iceberg, being one logical outcome of a defining of the relationship of established common law rights with rights conferred by the Party Wall etc. Act 1996. The judgment is in fact a mine (some may say minefield) of long-awaited clarification on a number of matters that have sharply divided party wall surveyors for years. Mr Justice Ramsey's ruling gives clear guidance not only on the application of security for expenses but also rights of access onto an adjoining owner's land in order to carry out works on the building owner's land and the authority of surveyors to deal with insurance by the building owner and the design team. Uncertainty and differences of opinion between appointed surveyors on fundamental matters are unhelpful to parties caught up in the Act and can lead to significant unnecessary costs for the hapless building owner. Party wall surveyors of all persuasions would better serve the parties who appoint them and the intention of parliament by welcoming the clarity given by the few cases that reach the higher courts and then applying it with the practical even-handedness for which they are justly regarded by the judiciary.
UCITS V: Lessons from the crisis
Authors: Muller Charles , Zanetti Ludivine
Published: July 2024

One year after the entry into force of the UCITS IV Directive, the European Commission published a UCITS revision — called ‘UCITS V’ — which focuses on harmonising the role and liability of UCITS depositaries, the remuneration of UCITS managers, and sanctions. The aim of the proposal is to enhance investor protection in the wake of the financial crisis, the Lehman bankruptcy and the Madoff fraud. The proposal takes the form of a Directive. It will now go to the European Parliament and the Council for their consideration under the codecision procedure. Once they reach agreement, member states usually have two years to incorporate the provisions into their national laws and regulations, meaning that the new rules could apply, according to the European Commission, by the end of 2014. By this date, the necessary package of implementing measures should also be adopted.
Open Oregon Digital: Transforming metadata for the semantic web
Authors: Simic Julia , Seymore Sarah
Published: July 2024

Oregon Digital, the shared digital collections of the University of Oregon and Oregon State University, recently migrated its digital asset management systems to Hydra and its digital collection data to linked open data (LOD). The Hydra Project is an open source technical framework with a Fedora back-end for providing access, management and preservation of digital content. This paper outlines the steps taken by Oregon Digital to crosswalk data, standardise institutional and cross-institutional collections and publish URIs required for LOD implementation. It also discusses the future benefits of LOD for cataloguing, searching and discovery of the digital collections.
The future is micro: How to build an effective micro-influencer programme
Authors: Alampi Amanda
Published: July 2024

Influencers are in high demand because of their effectiveness in helping brands increase their return on investment. Recently, a new crop of influencers has begun to emerge, namely micro-influencers or ‘micros’. While these online tastemakers have modest followings, they are often reflective of their audience, and have a lot of trust, authority and authenticity — the perfect formula for powerful influence. This paper shows how Amnesty International experimented with a micro-influencer programme to educate Americans about family separation and detention. Amnesty International learned how these small influencers could be a powerful ally in educating audiences and inspiring them to take action.
Legal and regulatory update: Global identification standards for counterparties and other financial market participants
Authors: Grody Allan D. , Hughes Peter J. , Reininger Daniel
Published: July 2024

Financial regulators are focused on observing systemic risk across enormously complex interconnected global financial institutions. It is understood that without an ability to view the underlying positions and cash flows, valued in standard ways and aggregated by counterparty through common identifiers, neither risk triggers nor risk exposures can be observed nor can systemic threats be detected. It has been accepted by regulators that the very first pillar of global financial reform is a standard for identifying the same financial market participant to each regulator in the same way. Getting agreement on a globally unique and standardised legal entity identifier (the LEI) is the first step. This paper reports on past and current efforts to develop a global identification system for such a purpose. The authors argue for a government/industry partnership in which governance is shared and operating elements of the global identification system are compartmentalised for control, security and confidentiality purposes. The paper demonstrates a proposed global identification system that satisfies all known elements of regulators' requirements for the LEI and also lays the foundation for accommodating other attributes, such as business ownership hierarchical structures and contract and instrument identification.
New rules, new strategies: How the changes to lease accounting rules impact leasing decisions
Authors: Billing Michael
Published: July 2024

One of the biggest questions on the minds of corporate real estate (CRE) executives is: will leasing strategies need to change? The answer is ‘maybe’. Deciding on the right move will not be quick or easy, and the work must begin now. This paper will primarily examine leasing activity under new US GAAP rules, ASC 842.
What the European payments industry needs now
Authors: Fatier Bruno
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to assess the EU payments framework, as implemented in France, from the standpoint of the freedom of commerce and the vitality of the payments industry, to assess whether too much emphasis has been put on general interest such as consumer protection.
The Cabrinety-NIST Project: Preserving the legacy software media found in the Stephen M. Cabrinety Collection in the History of Microcomputing, c. 1975–1995
Authors: Thai Charlotte C. , White Douglas
Published: July 2024

Stanford University Libraries and the National Institute of Standards and Technology collaborated on a large-scale digital preservation project to fully migrate data from legacy software media formats (computer cassettes, floppy disks, videogame cartridges, etc) found in the Stephen M. Cabrinety Collection in the History of Microcomputing, ca. 1975–1995 into the Stanford Digital Repository and the National Software Reference Library for long-term preservation storage. This paper examines in detail how the project was managed, describes the distribution of responsibilities, and provides instruction on how to capture forensic disk images from obsolete media formats.
ISO 20022 and real-time domestic payments
Authors: Lindsay Stephen
Published: July 2024

ISO 20022 is making strong inroads in financial market infrastructures where an open international messaging standard is required. New developments indicate that ISO 20022 is rapidly gaining traction in domestic markets too, particularly for the next generation of real-time payments systems. This paper looks at the progress made by ISO 20022, the advantages it brings to the world of real-time payments, and the implications of a single standard emerging that replaces proprietary domestic standards and crosses the traditional boundary between value and volume.
Exploring the relationships among paid search budget, social media presence and online performance: An examination of the US e-commerce industry
Authors: Bicen Pelin , Gudigantala Naveen
Published: July 2024

Digital and social media marketing activities are vital to fostering consumer engagement, nurturing consumer–brand relationships and generating market intelligence. Yet the relationships among firms’ digital marketing investments (eg paid search budget), social media presence and online firm performance are not well understood. This study focuses on the US e-commerce industry, identifying segments of the top 500 US e-commerce firms based on their paid search budget, social media presence and e-commerce performance measures, such as their web traffic, web sales, conversion rates and average ticket sizes. It then explores the relative impact of paid search budget and social media presence on e-commerce performance. Results show that there are two clusters of e-commerce firms: high spenders with high presence and low spenders with low presence. While the former constitute only 5 per cent of the industry, they have 27 per cent more repeat customers, three times higher return on investment, and make half of the industry’s web sales. Results also show that compared with social media presence, paid search budget is three to four times more effective in driving web traffic and eight times more effective in driving web sales. The results provide important strategic implications for marketing and brand managers for their digital marketing investments and social media presence.
Crypto-assets: Commodities under European financial markets law?
Authors: Rirsch Ralph , Tomanek Stefan
Published: July 2024

This paper sheds light on the legal nature of crypto- assets in capital markets law. There is currently no generally accepted legal definition of the terms ‘crypto–assets’ or ‘cryptocurrency’ aside from the term ‘virtual currency’ in the 5th Anti-Money Laundering Directive. While it is clear that cryptoassets performing payment functionalities are not considered legal tender in the sense of government sanctioned currencies, the question remains whether or not crypto-assets should be considered goods in the context of the European fundamental freedoms and/or commodities in the sense of European capital markets law. This classification, however, bears significant ramifications in various legal areas that are explored in this paper. It will be shown that crypto-assets are goods subject to the freedom of movement of goods guaranteed by articles 28 to 37 TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union). On the other hand the authors propose that crypto-assets should not be considered to fall within the definition of commodities as used in capital markets law (eg, MIFID [Markets in Financial Instruments Directive] I and II, Benchmark-Regulation, etc) and are therefore not subject to the regulatory consequences of this qualification, such as potential regulation of market places as commodity exchanges or regulatory reporting obligations related to commodity derivatives.
Brand and legal sitting in a tree… Brand protection at Wounded Warrior Project
Authors: Reiner Abby V.
Published: July 2024

Nonprofits walk a fine line between wanting everyone to feel a part of the mission while protecting their trade marks from brand dilution or infringement. Sometimes the very well intentioned can do more harm than good. When a nonprofit protects the integrity of its brand and assets, it unfortunately must contend with the negative public relations ramifications, justified or not. So how can a nonprofit proactively walk that fine line? This paper describes the growing nonprofit sector, unique perceptions of nonprofit brand and brand management and one relatively young nonprofit's strategy on brand protection, specifically through a lens tinted with — not tainted by — the legal perspective.
Improving terminal fire safety with minor impact on operational continuity using performancebased design
Authors: Franco Michele Di , Cecchinato Diego , Andriotto Daniele
Published: July 2024

Bologna Airport is dealing with a significant increase in passenger flows. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic, traffic volume is rapidly growing and will soon exceed previous traffic records. Against this background, the airport has supported new infrastructure investments in order to both optimise existing terminal functional use and to comply with stringent fire safety requirements on terminal buildings, in line with new Italian airport safety legislation. In particular, Bologna Airport has planned a short-term investment specifically regarding the Terminal Smoke Management System, consisting of smoke vents and smoke extraction fans that work in coordination with fire detection systems and other fire suppression systems already installed into the building, and with the Terminal Fire Emergency Plan. For this kind of system, the Italian laws and standards set a basic prescriptive approach that simplifies the design phase with conservative solutions, with invasive, costly and time-consuming installations that are generally not compatible with operational continuity needs for terminal areas. As an alternative, a performance-based design approach is allowed for more customised solutions, focusing more closely on the design phase and terminal functional strategy. This case study shows how Bologna Airport implemented a performance-based design approach in order to minimise the impact of the new system installation throughout the terminal, optimising the engineering solutions with no constraints from the terminal functional flexibility point of view as well as saving over 75 per cent costs and construction time, compared to a traditional prescriptive approach.
`Urban Regeneration in the UK (2nd edition)` by Andrew Tallon
Authors: Leary Michael E. , Atkinson Rob
Published: July 2024

Urban Regeneration in the UK (2nd edition); By Andrew Tallon; Reviewed by Michael E Leary. Good Cities, Better Lives. How Europe Discovered the Lost Art of Urbanism; By P. Hall, with contributions from N. Falk; Reviewed by Rob Atkinson.
A shifting relationship: Digitisation standards and advances in display and capture technologies
Authors: Mindel David
Published: July 2024

Digitisation standards are an essential part of digital content production for libraries, archives and museums to ensure quality and accurate digital reproductions. Viewing environments, whether high-definition televisions, wide-gamut computer displays or mobile devices, play a central role in the user’s experience with digital collections. Digitisation standards and viewing environments have a shared history, along with photographic and digital capture technology. This paper examines the historical and current connections between digitisation standards and advances in viewing and digital capture technologies, and it suggests that although closely related, the impact of these technologies on digitisation standards has generally waned since the late 1990s and early 2000s.
The DAM Maturity Model: An interview with David Lipsey and Theresa Regli
Authors: Lipsey David , Regli Theresa
Published: July 2024

The Digital Asset Management Maturity Model (‘DAM3’) was launched in May 2012 as a means to help enterprises striving to align their business and technology efforts for improved digital asset management (DAM). Enterprises are now able to assess their existing readiness and guide their DAM roadmaps going forward using DAM3. The model was jointly developed by leading independent analyst firm, The Real Story Group, and the newly formed professional organisation, the DAM Foundation, and released under Creative Commons (see http://dammaturitymodel.org). Effective implementation of a DAM project includes addressing not just technology-related aspects, but also tackling those that relate to human, information and system dimensions. In fact, as with other large enterprise content management projects, a DAM implementation requires careful planning and development of a holistic strategy to address all such categories of challenge. The model suggests graded levels of capabilities, ranging from rudimentary information collection and basic control, to increasingly sophisticated levels of management and integration, finally resulting in a mature state of continuous experimentation and improvement. In this interview for the Journal, DAM3 architects Theresa Regli and David Lipsey discuss with John Horodyski the DAM3, how it came to maturity and how this will affect the practice and profession of DAM.
Effects of departure manager and arrival manager systems on airport capacity
Authors: Di Mascio Paola , Cervelli Damiano , Correra Alessandro Comoda , Frasacco Luca , Luciano Eleonora , Moretti Laura
Published: July 2024

At an international level, interest in airport capacity has been growing in the last few years because its maximisation ensures best performance of infrastructure. Infrastructure, procedure and human factor constraints, however, should be considered to ensure a safe and regular flow of the flights. The paper presents the values of airport capacity obtained from two methodologies: the Advisory Circular AC 150/5060-5 and the Air Traffic Optimisation (AirTOp) fast time simulator (FTS). Two scenarios have been analysed: the ‘Baseline’ scenario (ie the current procedural and infrastructural airport layout) and the ‘What if ’ scenario (ie the current layout managed with Departure MANager and Arrival MANager systems). The simpler approach of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) advisory circular (AC) cannot model both the complex layout of the three-runway airport and the effects of planning tools. Its potential is limited to fast and preliminary analyses. Therefore, under knotty geometrical and procedural conditions, the use of aircraft delay simulation models or (FTS) models is the only tool that meets the needs of airport-management bodies. In particular, the current traffic volume of the examined airport is far from its Baseline capacity (−30 per cent) and is 40 per cent lower than the ‘What-if ’ capacity. The obtained results refer to the specific layout examined, but the pursued approach could be implemented at different airports.