bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Accumulation of Electric Charge on Rain Drops
Authors: КРЫМСКИЙ Г.Ф.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Основной причиной атмосферного электричества является накопление заряда на дождевых каплях, которые выносят его из облака. Этот процесс создает электрическое поле, способное обеспечить пробой в воздухе и тем самым запустить грозовые явления. Большой электрический заряд земной поверхности также является следствием переноса заряда дождевыми каплями. Для правильного описания перечисленных явлений необходимо понять физический механизм, обеспечивающий каплямселекцию электрического заряда. Такой механизм рассматривается в статье. Водяные кластеры (микрокапли) в воздухе формируются вокруг ионов положительных и отрицательных зарядов. Известно, что отрицательно заряженные кластеры достигают более крупных размеров. Это связано с тем, что молекула воды в своейструктуре имеет один положительный заряд и два отрицательных, то есть она асимметрична относительно знака заряда. Отсюда более сильное притяжение молекулы к отрицательному иону. Подсчитаны размеры водяных кластеров, соответствующих порогам пересыщения. Отрицательно заряженные кластеры имеют порогпересыщения, равный 4, и их радиус составляет 5,7 ангстрем, а радиус положительных кластеров при этом пороге равен 3,5 ангстрем. Отрицательные кластеры указанного размера могут расти дальше. Различие в размерах кластеров коренным образом влияет на их взаимодействие с дождевой каплей. При движении дождевой капли под действием силы тяжести крупные водяные кластеры приходят в соприкосновение с ней и присоединяются, а мелкие сдуваются воздушным потоком. Произведен расчет эффективного сечения взаимодействия капли в зависимости от размера кластера. Кластеры радиусом около 10 микрометров имеют сечение, равное геометрическому сечению капли, а для радиуса 1 микрометр сечение в сто раз меньше. Этот механизм обеспечивает селекцию электрических зарядов и позволяет дождевой капле накапливать отрицательный заряд и уносить его из электрически нейтрального облака.
Myphoethetics of V. Garmaev’s Novel «Gold Diggers. in the Lower Reachers of the Clannsh River»
Authors: БУЛГУТОВА И.В.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью осознания закономерностей развития национальных литератур в новейшее время, осмысления роли мифосознания в выражении и воплощении традиционной картины мира. Для исследования функционирования мифа в романном мире привлекается произведение, отражающее диалог культур разных народов Сибири. Роман, посвященный теме судьбы эвенкийского народа в переломный период активного освоения Сибири, был написан бурятским писателем-билингвом на русском языке. Сочетание экологической проблемы с национальной определяет своеобразие и актуальность проблематики романа. Цель исследования – определение роли мифосознания в идейно-художественной структуре романа. Задачами поставлены выявление уровнейреализации мифологии в романном мире, определение мифологических кодов национальной литературы, соотношения универсального и национального. Методология сравнительно-исторического литературоведения позволяет определить истоки тех или иных явлений. Отправной точкой исследования становитсяопределение художественных традиций бурятской литературы, прежде всего это выстраивание авантюрного повествования и изображение авантюрных героев в качестве центральных персонажей, что обозначает слом традиционного уклада жизни. В развертывании проблематики романа, а именно конфликта природы ицивилизации, усматривается отсылка к опыту русской и мировой литературы. Постановка национальной проблемы объясняется в контексте всего творчества писателя, посвященного в целом исторической судьбе своего народа. В повествовании прослеживается совмещение точки зрения наблюдателя (отстраненной и рациональной) и внутренней точки зрения, в раскрытии которой некритическое воспроизведение мифомышления играет ключевую роль. В семантике заглавия и композиции романа выявляется особое значение образа реки как медиатора трех миров в мифологической системе эвенкийского народа, верховья реки – этосимволическое обозначение начала жизни, низовья – ее завершения, эта мифологема становится композиционным стержнем романа. Логика эсхатологического мифа позволяет писателю раскрыть трагическую суть разрушения цивилизацией естественного мира природы. Привлечение структурно-семиотического методапозволяет установить, что все эвенкийские слова, которые вводит писатель в художественный мир романа, становятся обозначением понятий национальной культуры, своеобразным мифологическим кодом, раскрывающим глубинное сопряжение природной жизни и человеческой. Выявляется организую-щая роль мифо-ритуального комплекса в выстраивании сюжетно-композиционной структуры романа, узловыми моментами которой становится сценическое воссоздание обрядов: инициации «блудного сына», сватовства, женитьбы, проводов душ в царство мертвых. Таким образом, общность мифологических верованийсибирских народов – бурят и эвенков, а именно культовое отношение к миру природы, позволяет бурятскому писателю создать свой «авторский» миф эвенкийской жизни с опорой на традиции мифологизирования, имеющие универсальный характер.
Catalytic Clearing of GAS Emissions from CO2
Authors: ИВАНОВА М.С. , ВИШНЕЦКАЯ М.В. , ТОМСКИЙ К.О.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Процессы сгорания углеводородных систем в двигателях транспортных средств и печах приводят к резкому увеличению СО2 в атмосфере. Сжигание нефти, газа и угля сопровождается выбросом до 5 млрд т в год углекислого газа. На фоне уменьшения площади лесов наблюдается рост концентрации СО2 в атмосфере (от 0,03 до 0,041%) [1]. Поэтому проблема очистки отходящих газов от диоксида углерода является на сегодняшний день одной из самых актуальных проблем. Недостаткамисуществующих на сегодняшний день способов удаления диоксида углерода являются недостаточно высокая степень очистки отходящих газов, высокие эксплуатационные затраты при их реализации, а также возможность их реализации только при высоких концентрациях загрязнителей в отходящих газах [2]. Возникает такжевопрос об утилизации СО2: куда девать вещество после того, как оно выделено из дыма? Целью исследования является определение оптимальных параметров каталитической очистки отходящих газов от двуокиси углерода в растворах трифторуксусной кислоты (ТФК). Поставленная задача достигается описываемым способомочистки дымовых газов, включающим прокачивание потока газов через емкость, заполненную 5,0-10,0 М водным раствором трифторуксусной кислоты, насыщенной кислородом, отделение образовавшихся побочных продуктов, утилизацию последних, регенерацию отработанного раствора трифторуксусной кислоты путемнасыщения кислородом и рециркуляцию регенерированного раствора на прокачивание. Исследовались абсорбционные способности растворов трифторуксусной кислоты в зависимости от концентраций растворов и значения pH. Абсорбцию диоксида углерода в растворах трифторуксусной кислоты исследовали при комнатной температуре и атмосферном давлении. TФК предварительно отгоняли (т. кип. 72,4 °C и чистоту контролировали методом УФ-спектроскопии. Непрореагировавший СO2 на выходе из системы поглощали в съемных ловушках раствором NaOH, рН которого непрерывно контролировали с помощью стеклянного электрода. Количество гидрокарбоната и карбоната натрия, образующихся при взаимодействии СО2 с раствором NaOH, определяли путем потенциометрического титрования. Количество прореагировавшего СO2 рассчитывали по результатам титрования за время пропускания отходящего газа через ловушку. Показано, что очистка дымовых газов от диоксида углерода при использовании растворов трифторуксусной кислоты как катализатора производится при комнатной температуре и атмосферном давлении с эффективностью 100%.
General and thematic characteristics translation activities of the “Cholbon” magazine
Authors: ОЛЕСОВА М.А. , СОБАКИНА И.В.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Перевод в Якутии имеет богатую историю, которая начинается еще с 1705 г., переводом занимались миссионеры, политические ссыльные, священнослужители, представители первой якутской интеллигенции и др. Позже к ним присоединились профессиональные переводчики и писатели, их работы печатались в литературных журналах «Чолбон» и «Полярная звезда», которые внесли неоценимый вклад в развитие перевода Якутии. Изданные в журнале «Чолбон» переводы являются неизученными образцами переводческой работы, в связи с чем актуальность их изучения не вызываетсомнения. Целью исследования является жанрово-тематический анализ переводных текстов, опубликованных в литературном журнале «Чолбон» с 1926 по 2018 гг. В соответствии с целью поставлены следующие задачи: извлечение путем сплошной выборки всех переводных произведений, опубликованных в литературномжурнале «Чолбон» с 1926 по 2018 гг; классификация и анализ собранного материала по жанрам, темам, авторам и переводчикам. При разработке предлагаемого исследования были применены следующие методы: метод сплошной выборки, описательный и сравнительно-сопоставительный методы. Как показали результаты исследования, в литературном журнале «Чолбон» было опубликовано 1391 переводное произведение. В жанровом плане преобладают стихотворения (1197), на наш взгляд, в силу особенностейпоэтического стиля и размера; рассказы (110) представлены разнообразием тем; в меньшем количестве представлены: поэмы (24), повести (17), романы (11), песни (9), сказки (9), пьесы (5), сонеты (4), драмы (3), письма (2). Опубликованные произведения посвящены темам войны, любви, борьбы добра и зла; в них воспеваются народ, родина, природа, человек, труд, дружба; описываются человеческие страдания в одиночестве, неволе, о смерти, радости и невзгоды жизни.
Some Aspects of Ecology of Water Biota of the Namana River Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: СОЛОМОНОВ Н.М. , СОБАКИНА И.Г.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Крупные мегапроекты по освоению запасов углеводородов оказывают большое влияние на состояние природных экосистем. При этом в связи с недостаточной изученностью территории часто возникают сложности при оценке степени негативного воздействия. Публикуемые материалы могут быть использованы при расчётах ущерба, наносимого нефтегазовым комплексом экосистемам региона. На данный момент в районе исследований активно осваиваются запасы углеводородов. Очевидно, что негативное антропогенное влияние будет иметь многофакторный характер и в целом будет существенно усиливаться. Целью работы является выявление некоторых аспектов экологии водной биоты реки Намана. Всего отобрано 40 проб на количественный икачественный состав зоопланктона. Материал по ихтиологии представлен 41 экземпляром рыб. Материал обрабатывался по общепринятым методикам. Установлено обитание восьми видов рыб, относящихся к одному классу, трем отрядам, шести семействам и восьми родам. В уловах преобладали такие виды, как хариус и ленок. Фауна рыб исследованного водотока состоитпреимущественно из оксифильных видов рыб, требовательных к чистоте воды, ее температуре и высокому содержанию кислорода. По опросным данным, осенний скат рыбы на зимовальные ямы проходил за короткое время в течение нескольких дней. На реке развито любительское рыболовство. В период проведения работнепосредственный вылов являлся наиболее сильным проявлением антропогенного влияния на ихтиофауну района. Видовое богатство организмов зоопланктона по станциям отбора проб было относительно низким, и они встречались в пределах 2-12 таксонов. Осенний зоопланктон бассейна р. Намана отличается относительнонизкими показателями видового разнообразия, численности и биомассы для полугорных рек Якутии. Современный фаунистический состав зоопланктона исследованных водотоков представлен 23 видами, принадлежащими к 3 классам, 13 семействам, 21 роду. Основу видового разнообразия составляют ветвистоусыеракообразные. Наиболее широко по числу видов представлено семейство Chydoridae. Особо подчёркивается, что в условиях усиливающегося антропогенного воздействия необходимо проведение комплекса природоохранных мероприятий, направленных на минимизацию негативного воздействия на водную биоту.
Systematics and Biological Characteristics of a Leuciscus Leuciscus Baikalensis (Dybowskii, 1874) in the Lower and Middle Reaches of the Sinyaya River (Left Tributary of the Lena River)
Authors: ТЯПТИРГЯНОВ М.М.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Территория Горного и Хангаласского улусов занимает южную часть Центрально-Якутской равнины и имеет абсолютные высоты 300-400 м. Синяя – река в Якутии, левый приток Лены. Длина – 597 км, площадь бассейна – 30 900 км². Берёт начало и течёт по Приленскому плато, по территории трёх районовреспублики – Верхневилюйского, Горного и Хангаласского. Впервые ихтиологические исследования на реке стали проводиться с 2017 г. Результаты исследований позволили выявить количественный и качественный состав рыб, а также экологическую характеристику ихтиофауны. В настоящее время ихтиофауна реки Синяя насчитывает в ее среднем и нижнем течении 15 видов и подвидов: сибирский осетр – Acipenser baerii (Brandt, 1869), ленок – Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773), сиг – пыжьян ̶ Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Linnaeus, 1758), тугун – Coregonus tugun (Pallas, 1814), обыкновенный валек – Prosopium cylindraceum (Pallas, 1784), обыкновенная щука – Esox lucius (Linnaeus, 1758), золотой карась – Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758), язь – Leuciscus idus (Linnaeus, 1758), сибирский елец – Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus, 1758), обыкновенный гольян – Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758), озерный гольян – Phoxinus perenurus (Pallas, 1814), плотва – Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758), налим – Lota lota (Linnaeus, 1758), обыкновенный ерш – Gimnocephalus cernuus (Linnaeus, 1758) и речной окунь – Perca fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758). Целью настоящего исследования является систематическая и биологическая характеристика сибирского ельца нижнего и среднего течения р. Синяя.
Creation and Annihilation Operators of Electron – Double Irreducible Tensor Operator
Authors: КЫЧКИН И.С. , СИВЦЕВ В.И.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Операторы рождения и уничтожения электрона могут быть неприводимыми тензорными операторами в двух пространствах – в пространстве момента j и в пространстве квазиспина. Так, оператор рождения  электрона в состоянии с моментом j и его проекцией m представляет собой неприводимыйтензорный оператор ранга j в пространстве момента. Аналогично неприводимым тензорным оператором ранга j в пространстве момента является оператор уничтожения  электрона в этом же состоянии, который получается из оператора рождения транспонированием. Оператор уничтожения  электрона, получающийся из оператора рождения эрмитовым сопряжением, не является неприводимым тензорным оператором. Из операторов рождения и уничтожения ,  электрона можно образовать оператор , обладающий свойствами, аналогичными свойствам оператора спина S, равного  в единицах постоянной Планка и который может быть назван квазиспином. Можно показать, что операторы рождения и уничтожения ,  электрона представляют собой + и - компоненты неприводимого тензорного оператора ранга в пространстве квазиспина. Таким образом, операторы рождения и уничтожения электрона могут быть объединены в один двойной неприводимый тензорный оператор, действующий в двух пространствах – угловом и квазиспиновом.
The Remythologization of the Trojan War in Postmodern Literature
Authors: АНИСИМОВ А.Б.
Published: October 2022

Аннотация. Мифы Древней Греции представляют собой огромный культурный пласт, который до сих пор будоражит умы не только историков и археологов, но и писателей и поэтов. Данная статья посвящена вопросу ремифологизации Троянской войны в постмодернистской литературе. Основные задачи исследования – рассмотреть репрезентацию Троянской войны в мировой литературе, начиная с античной исредневековой литературы и заканчивая современной постмодернистской литературой; проанализировать трилогию Дэвида Геммела «Троя» в контексте переосмысления троянского мифа в литературе постмодернизма. Предметом исследования выступают серия романов Д. Геммела «Троя» и ряд произведений мировойлитературы, в которых в той или иной степени представлены мифы о Троянской войне. В статье использованы культурно-исторические и сравнительно-типологические методы. Наиболее подробно сохранившееся изложение событий Троянской войны содержится в поэмах Гомера «Илиада» и «Одиссея». В XIX в. к троянскому мифу обращаются ряд французских поэтов и писателей. На основании общих тенденций, прослеживаемых в формировании литературы нашего времени, миф о Троянской войне активно используется писателями по всему миру. Этот миф неоднозначно воплощается в творчестве разных писателей эпохи постмодернизма. Жанры постмодернистской интерпретации мифа о Троянской войне достаточно разнообразны. Их можно разделить на псевдоисторические романы, приключенческие романы, женские романтические романы, фантастику и фэнтези. В этих произведениях особое внимание уделяется «очеловечиванию» персонажей. В трилогии Дэвида Геммела «Троя» все полубоги и легендарные герои описаны с человеческой, реалистической и даже современной точек зрения. Несмотря на совпадение черт характера, между мифологическимигероями и героями романов Геммеля автор переплетает психологические особенности современного человека с изображениями древнегреческих персонажей. Поэтому персонажи становятся более реалистичными. В романах мы также можем увидеть феминистские идеи. Если в классической традиции основное местоотводилось событийной канве и через нее же читателю давали понять, какие переживания приходятся на долю героя и какие внутренние изменения происходят в нем, то многие современные произведения ставят в центр внимания внутренний мир персонажей, их чувства и размышления. Мы надеемся, что данная статья послужит основой для дальнейших исследований процесса ремифологизации в художественной литературе.
Streamlined Access to Novel Activators and Degraders of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor through a Rewired Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Ghashghaei Ouldouz , Hartung Frederick , Pedrola Marina , Diaz Alejandro , Sánchez-Vera Ismael , Gil Joan , Hätälä Anna , Rolfes Katharina M. , Luque Francisco Javier , Haarmann-Stemmann Thomas , Lavilla Rodolfo
Published: October 2022

A rewired Yonemitsu multicomponent reaction was designed to readily synthesize a family of 6-substituted indolocarbazoles. In this approach, indole 2-carboxaldehyde and nucleophilic species directly yield the final adducts through a domino reaction. The scope of the new process was analyzed, and the range of the indole aldehydes and nucleophiles was established. Comparative studies with analogous compounds reveal important details on the reaction mechanism. Experimental and computational studies address the conformational behavior of representative adducts, determining their potential chirality. These novel structures are potent activating ligands of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor, importantly being non-toxic. Furthermore, the scaffold may be included in a 2-step synthesis of (homo)-PROTACs that efficiently and specifically degrade the receptor. Our approach allows the control of this important target in biomedicine through a designed new chemistry.
Denitrative hydroxylation of unactivated nitroarenes
Authors: Duff Lee , Meakin Harry , Richardson Adam , Greener Andrew , Smith George , Ocaña Ivan , Chechik Victor , James Michael
Published: October 2022

A one-step method for the conversion of nitroarenes into phenols under operationally simple, transition-metal-free conditions is described. This denitrative functionalisation protocol provides a concise and economical alternative to conventional three-step synthetic sequences. Experimental and computational studies suggest that unactivated nitroarenes may be substituted via an electron-catalysed radical-nucleophilic substitution (SRN1) chain mechanism.
Reactivity of Single-Atom Alloys as Easy as Counting to Ten
Authors: Schumann Julia , Stamatakis Michail , Michaelides Angelos , Réocreux Romain
Published: October 2022

Single-Atom Alloys (SAAs) have recently emerged as highly active and selective alloy catalysts. Unlike pure metals, SAAs escape the well-established conceptual framework developed nearly three decades ago for predicting catalytic performance. Here, based on high throughput density functional theory calculations, we reveal a 10-electron count rule for the binding of adsorbates on the dopant of SAA surfaces. A simple molecular orbital approach rationalises this rule and the nature of the adsorbate/dopant interaction. In addition, our intuitive model can accelerate the rational design of SAA catalysts. Indeed, we illustrate how the unique insights provided by the electron count rule help identify the most promising dopant for an industrially relevant hydrogenation reaction, thereby reducing the number of potential materials by more than one order of magnitude.
Positively bound: Remapping of Increased Positive Charge Drives SARS-CoV-2 Spike Evolution to Optimize its Binding to Cell Surface Receptors
Authors: Kim Sang Hoon , Kearns Fiona L. , Rosenfeld Mia A. , Votapka Lane , Casalino Lorenzo , Papanikolas Micah , Amaro Rommie E. , Freeman Ronit
Published: October 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineage contains a significant number of mutations in the spike protein relative to earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants. Most notably, these mutations significantly increased the positive charge of the spike protein that is postulated to confer increased infectivity, potentially through enhanced interactions with cell surface receptors, and an altered host-cell entry mechanism. While heparan sulfate (HS) was shown to be a key co-receptor in the host-cell entry of SARS-CoV-2, the effect of spike charge on its interactions with heparan sulfate has not been clearly elucidated. Here, we investigate the role of evolving spike positive charge in accelerating long-range interactions to heparan sulfate and ACE2 in the glycocalyx. We show that the positively charged Omicron evolved enhanced binding rates to the negatively charged glycocalyx. Moreover, we discovered that while the Omicron spike-ACE2 affinity is comparable to Delta, the Omicron spike interactions with heparan sulfate are significantly enhanced, giving rise to a ternary complex of spike-HS-ACE2 with a larger proportion of double-bound and triple-bound ACE2. Our findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 variants evolve to be more dependent on heparan sulfate in viral attachment and infection. We leveraged this understanding for the successful and sensitive detection of the Omicron variant. The evolving enhanced binding of SARS-Cov-2 to heparan sulfate presents new therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities.
MLRNet: Combining physics-motivated potential model with neural network for intermolecular potential energy surface construction
Authors: Li You , Zhai Yu , Li Hui
Published: October 2022

A physics-based machine learning model called MLRNet has been developed to construct the high-accuracy two-body intermolecular potential energy surface (IPES). The outputs of the neural network are integrated into the physically realistic Morse/Long Range (MLR) function, which ensures that the MLRNet has meaningful extrapolation at both short and long ranges and solves the asymptotic problem in common neural network potential (NNP) models. The neural network representation of the MLR parameters is more flexible and more efficient than the polynomials expansion in the conventional mdMLR model, especially for systems containing non-rigid monomer(s). The present work illustrates the basic framework of the current MLRNet model, including (i) how to combine the physically meaningful MLR function with different possible NN structures, (ii) the preservation of permutation symmetry, and (iii) the predetermination of the long-range function uLR. We choose two realistic systems to demonstrate the performance of MLRNet: the 3-dimensional IPES of CO2-He including CO2 anti-symmetric vibration Q3, and the 6-dimensional IPES of H2O-Ar system. In both cases, the fitting errors of the MLRNet are several times smaller than those of the conventional mdMLR model. Both the short-range and long-range extrapolation tests have been performed to illustrate the extrapolation ability of the MLRNet and its damping function version. Moreover, for the 6-D H2O-Ar system, the MLRNet only needs 1596 trainable parameters which are almost equal 5-D mdMLR model (1509) and half of the PIP-NN model (3501) with similar accuracy, which illustrates the model efficiency in high-dimensional IPES fitting.
Polystyrene Laboratory Analysis: A Hands-On Experience to Determine the Molecular Weight of Polystyrene Through Spin Casting in A University Laboratory Setting
Authors: Sood Sahil , Fang Sean , Wang Alexander , Luong Thomas , Kim Justin , Sinha Arkajyoti , Jerome John , Rafailovich Miriam
Published: October 2022

Hands-on learning is a staple in high school science education, as it provides students with a fast-learning curve and a great degree of field competency. However, due to the safety risks associated with high school students in university chemistry laboratory settings, high school students rarely engage in authentic hands-on chemical learning. To bridge the gap between the benefits and drawbacks, this study investigates a method to educate high school students (with no previous experience) about standard chemical laboratory practices. 98 high school students experimented throughout two days to determine the molecular weights and characteristics of various polystyrene samples, essential knowledge for polymer recycling. Students were split into 5 groups so that laboratory usage be organized and staggered. After laboratory safety training was administered, students created different types and concentrations of toluene-based samples and spin casted these samples onto silicon wafers, determining thickness through ellipsometry. With the data, each group calculated molecular weight, propagated error, and wrote laboratory reports. In order to evaluate the extent of learning through this process, students were given pre-training and post-experimentation assessments with the same questions pertaining to laboratory safety, equipment usage, and materials science related topics. On average, students displayed scores 63% higher on the post-experiment assessment compared to those of the pre-training assessment. The results suggest the experience not only taught students about the various materials science concepts, but also improved their laboratory logic. Therefore, our method is recommended to be implemented at the university level for motivated high school and first-year undergraduate students.
EFFICACY OF SOME BOTANICAL EXTRACTS AGAINST INFESTATION OF INSECT PESTS OF OKRA (ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS L.)
Authors: G. A. Idowu , R. O Oyewale , M. H Bolajoko , R. O. Ibrahim , C. Isah , A. A. Adejumo
Published: October 2022

The experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of some botanical extracts using Neem leaf extracts, Azadiracta indica, Moringa leaf extract Moringa oleifera, Jatropha leaf extract Jatropha gossypifolia and systemic insecticides (Cypermethrin) as treatments. The treatments were arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD), replicated three times. Data were collected on parameters such as, number of leaf, plant height, days to 50% flowering, fresh fruit weight and yield weight were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results showed that Moringa leaf extracts had the least insect pests’ damage (0.33), tallest plant height (44.00 cm), highest leaf number (8.00), heaviest fruits weight (46.94 g) and highest fruit yield among the botanicals used. Hence, the leaf of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) can be recommended to be used for managing insect pests of okra.
DRONES INTELIGENTES AUTÓNOMOS COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA LA CONTENCIÓN DE LA PANDEMIA PROVOCADA POR SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Beltrán Casanova Andrés Ricardo , Romero Álvarez Fran Ernesto
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo presenta el diseño y construcción de un Dron Inteligente con capacidades de Visión Artificial y Navegación Autónoma. Se describe en detalle los materiales, herramientas y procedimiento para el ensamblaje del artefacto, así como de sus funcionalidades incorporadas de Inteligencia Artificial. Dentro de las múltiples aplicaciones prácticas de la tecnología de Drones Inteligentes, se encuentra la de prestar apoyo en áreas relacionadas con la salud pública, específicamente para servir como instrumento de monitoreo del distanciamiento social, promovido a propósito de la pandemia causada por COVID 19.
Internet of Things and it's Applications
Authors: J Dr Naskatha
Published: October 2022

The Internet of Things is an emerging topic of technical, social, and economic significance. Consumer products, durable goods, cars and trucks.
A FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE PORTUGUÊS: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: SILVA ANDRÉA JANE , BEZERRA DE ARAÚJO SANTOS MARQUES IVONEIDE
Published: October 2022

Atualmente, no Brasil, a formação inicial do professor de Português ocorre em um contexto sócio-histórico complexo. Vivencia-se a “era” do produtivismo acadêmico, cuja ênfase recai nos projetos individuais que visam a fomentar os currículos em detrimento de projetos coletivos que  busquem fortalecer as práticas de formação docente. Ademais, há um conjunto de demandas para o professor universitário, que, conforme os documentos reguladores, precisa formar professores críticos, reflexivos, preparados para lidar com as exigências da contemporaneidade. Considerando tal contexto, objetivamos neste artigo discutir os principais problemas que circundam a formação inicial do professor de Português, com vistas a apontar alguns encaminhamentos. Para desenvolver a discussão aqui proposta, realizamos um estudo exploratório ancorado em dados construídos via pesquisa documental. Foram lidos projetos pedagógicos de instituições de ensino do RN que atuam na formação do professor de Português e respectivas literaturas: PPP-UFRN e PPC-UERN. A análise desses documentos se concentrou  em três grandes desafios para a formação inicial de professores de Português: a) formar professores para os desafios da contemporaneidade, como as novas tecnologias; b) formar professores para atender aos novos grupos sociais que passaram a fazer parte da escola; e c) correlacionar teoria e prática . A razão que justifica a escolha dessas três linhas de discussão decorre do fato de entendermos de serem os principais eixos orientados pelos documentos oficiais que regulam a formação inicial de professores. Ante os desafios que se nos apresentam, faz-se necessário, portanto, um processo constante de discussão nas instituições formativas para buscarem melhorias no processo formativo.
. IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DO ENSINO REMOTO EM MEIO À PANDEMIA DA COVID 19: DILEMAS, DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS.
Authors: FERREIRA DE CARVALHO MELO ANDRÉ LUIZ , BORGES DE CARVALHO MELO ANA VALÉRIA
Published: October 2022

Um dos grandes desafios da investigação em educação é o fato de pesquisar sobre as múltiplas relações entre o uso de tecnologias e a sala de aula. Ao levarmos em consideração o atual contexto de pandemia, percebemos que a busca por respostas às inquietações relativas à implementação das Atividades Remotas ganha ainda mais importância na comunidade científica. Tendo o que foi mencionado anteriormente, este trabalho apresenta como Objetivo Geral: Compreender os dilemas e desafios na implementação das Atividades Remotas de Ensino Aprendizagem no IFPI, Campus Floriano. Para tanto, o estudo consistiu de uma pesquisa qualitativa, documental, cuja forma de abordagem foi a Etnometodologia, tendo como procedimentos a Observação Participante, a Entrevista Narrativa e o Ciclo de Políticas, tendo como lócus o Instituto Federal do Piauí – IFPI, Campus Floriano e como interlocutores, três acadêmicos do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática. O trabalho evidenciou que o IFPI, embora tenha trabalhado para regulamentar as atividades não-presenciais e para buscar a diminuição das desigualdades apresentadas no acesso às atividades remotas o IFPI, por meio de instrumentos como o “auxílio conecitividade”, na prática, vivenciou o surgimento de muitos dilemas de cunho pessoal, social e pedagógico por parte dos alunos, bem como desafios didáticos por parte dos professores.
A EDUCAÇÃO SOB ATAQUE: ESCOLA SEM PARTIDO E O CONSERVADORISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Dantas Diego Fonseca
Published: October 2022

O tema deste ensaio é a relação ideologia e educação, e, como objeto concreto de suporte a essa relação, faz-se uma revisão crítica sobre o Movimento Escola Sem Partido (MESP). Criado em 2004 pelo advogado Miguel Urbano Nagib, o MESP é um movimento que foi criado na contracorrente da conjuntura política do país, quando um partido de centro-esquerda havia chegado ao poder executivo. O presente artigo desenvolve a ideia de que, apesar de a liderança tabaréu do MESP despontar como o principal difusor do irracionalismo anti-intelectualista no país, no plano político-ideológico hegemônico sua presença equivale às ações pautadas pelo moralismo cínico dos teólogos-empresários, jornalistas orgânicos e astrólogos-gurus a apresentar, como verdades absolutas, disparates anticientíficos, como o criacionismo e o terraplanismo, nas redes sociais e nas mídias tradicionais. Considera que a influência e penetração ideológica na sociedade de ambos são menores do que a dos conglomerados educacionais financeiros-rentistas como Lemann, Ayrton Senna, Abril, Pitágoras/Kroton/Cogma, dentre outros. Dado todo este quadro, o artigo conclui que, sem condições de promover um avanço civilizatório, tempo que se perdeu em meados dos anos 60, parte significativa do Brasil se entregou à intensificação da precarização em todos os níveis, sendo o MESP uma das gambiarras morais da atualidade contra o que se contrapõe à sua barbárie ética.
ENTRE VIVÊNCIAS E SOBREVIVÊNCIAS: A QUALIDADE DE VIDA DOS FORMANDOS EM PSICOLOGIA DURANTE O PERÍODO PANDÊMICO (2020-2021)
Authors: Gonçalves Neto José Umbelino , Menezes Queiroz Thiago Trévia , Machado Raimundo Ribeiro , Souza de Aguiar Junior Francisco das Chagas , Ribeiro Jéssica Aguiar Silva
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade de vida dos formandos de psicologia de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior particular de Sobral/CE durante o período pandêmico de COVID-19 (2020-2021). Não só analisar sua qualidade de vida, como também explorar as formas que eles utilizaram ou não utilizaram para cuidar de si próprios durante esse período, e averiguar a relação desses alunos com a própria instituição de ensino deles. Para tal, foram usados um questionário sociodemográfico e uma entrevista construída a partir da escala de qualidade de vida WHOQOLBREF da Organização Mundial de Saúde. Os dados foram analisados a partir da metodologia de análise temática dialógica, de modo que a qualidade de vida e seus respectivos domínios (físico, psicológico, social e ambiental) serviram de tema e subtemas sendo analisados a partir dos materiais teóricos coletados. Obtivemos então o resultado de que os participantes foram afetados em qualidade de vida no que diz respeito a qualidade de sono, alimentação e também tiveram uma fragilização em algumas relações sociais. Porém também percebemos a espiritualidade, e as próprias relações sociais como fatores protetivos durante o período da pandemia. Logo conclui-se que a qualidade de vida é um tema amplo, e que foi afetado de distintas formas durante o período da pandemia, tanto de forma negativa como positiva, o que destaca a importância de mais estudos na área.
MUNICIPALIZANDO A EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL PÚBLICA DE TERESINA: EDUCAÇÃO, HISTÓRIA E MEMÓRIA (1998-2007)
Authors: Melo Pedro , Carlos Sales Luis
Published: October 2022

A presente pesquisa é resultado de uma dissertação de mestrado em educação da Universidade Federal do Piauí, que analisou o processo de municipalização da educação infantil pública de Teresina, que ocorreu paralelamente ao entendimento dessa etapa da educação básica como vertente educacional entre os anos de 1998 e 2007. Para isso, utilizou-se o método histórico, a partir de fontes hemerográficas, documentais, fontes orais, censos escolares (através do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS), correlacionando com a historiografia do período. Pode-se constatar que mesmo com a promulgação da constituição brasileira de 1988, que garantiu o direito educacional das crianças a creches e pré-escolas e com a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional de 1996, que a colocou como integrante da educação básica, a posição da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Teresina (SEMEC) de institucionalizar o atendimento à infância para sua alçada se deu somente em 2007, pela decisão política do então secretário municipal de educação Washington Bonfim, consequência do surgimento do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação (FUNDEB/2006), por uma questão financeira, ocasionando o processo de municipalização.
The Role of ‘Modul Pembinaan Karakter (MPK)’ in Building a Superior Personality in Trainees: a Case Study
Authors: Darus Darwina , Ibrahim Abu Bakar , Dawi Amir Hassan , Selamat Abu Zarrin
Published: October 2022

Program Latihan Khidmat Negara (PLKN) is a national agenda that aims to train Malaysian youths to become a generation of more excellent heirs and the core of development and the backbone of the country's future. MPK is a module implemented to build prominent personality in trainees as an excellent and quality human development process. The implementation of MPK in the PLKN camp is focused on personality elements that form discipline and self-awareness of essential matters and exemplary personal qualities with noble values that are the core of community life. Thus, this study analyzed the role of MPK in building a distinguished personality in trainees: a study at the Tawau PLKN Camp, Sabah. The variables involved in this study were character building, prominent personality, trainee, and camp. All variables were examined for their manifestation through unity, character, leadership, confidence, self-strength, and national integration. The design of this study was conducted by combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, namely questionnaires and interview sessions. This study was conducted in Tawau for group 2 Series 9/2014. A total of 142 trainees were directly involved in the questionnaire study, and 90 respondents were involved in the interview session. The method used to analyze the collected data was to find the average score given by the respondents. Generally, the average score for all items studied ranged from 4.07 (agree) on a scale of 1-5. Overall, the findings from this study can be re-evaluated so that MPK can be reabsorbed in PLKN in the future to build healthy young people in terms of positive identity and physical and spiritual to form a national leadership that can compete in the eyes the world of the future.
Developing a Scale: Perceptions of High School Students About the Relationship Between Chemistry and Daily Life
Authors: Altundağ Canan Koçak , Mustafaoğlu Fatma Merve , Yücel Ayşem Seda
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to develop an instrument to measure the perception of high school students regarding the relationship between chemistry and daily life and to determine the validity and reliability levels of the developed measurement tool. The data were collected from 7308 high school students from 59 provinces in Turkey. After the exploratory factor analysis was carried out to get an idea about the structure of the Perception Scale for Chemistry and Daily Life Relationship, the structure obtained was checked by confirmatory factor analysis. Originally consisting of 35 items, the load factor of the scale was decreased to 26 items following the removal of 9 items which were understood to be at a low level in item-total correlation and reliability. The Perception Scale for Chemistry and Daily Life Relationship consisted of 26 items and four factors: Awareness, Development, Interest, and Consciousness. These findings concluded that the scale obtained was valid and reliable in determining student perceptions about the relationship between chemistry and daily life. Teacher educators and chemistry teachers can use the instrument to determine high school students' perceptions of the relationship between chemistry and daily life. In this way, it may contribute to training students with potential for chemistry-related professions by implementing appropriate ways.
The Development of a Virtual Laboratory on Qualitative Chemical Practicum Analysis
Authors: Widarti Hayuni Retno , Hakim Moh Ilmanul , Rokhim Deni Ainur
Published: October 2022

In practical activities, it is necessary to have media that can provide multi-representation explanations, namely macroscopic, microscopic and submicroscopic, especially in qualitative analytical chemistry for group I and II cations. It takes an innovation of practicum learning media that can explain multiple representations to prepare students for practical activities well. An alternative solution is to use learning media as a virtual laboratory. The objectives of this research and development were to develop a virtual laboratory in qualitative chemical analysis practicum for group I and II cations based on multiple representations with internet integration and describe the feasibility of a virtual laboratory in the practicum of qualitative chemical analysis of group I and II cations based on multiple representations with internet integrated. This research and development used the R & D (research and development) method with a 4D (four-D) development model. The results showed that media expert validation was 87.8% (very valid), and material validation was 82.7% (very valid). The readability test results obtained percentage values ​​of 91.1% and 92.3% (Very Valid). The virtual laboratory explained multiple representations that can help students in practical activities well.
A View of Time in Open and Distance Learning
Authors: Fang Jing Hoo , Mohd Noh Mohd Amin , Ibrahim Raihan , Ilias Mohd Faeez
Published: October 2022

Time is a significant and massive worry in behaviour that causes difficulties amongst instructors and learners in ensuring an effective process of teaching and learning in open and distance learning (ODL) environment. This study aimed to identify instructors’ and learners’ ability to allocate time in ODL. The study was conducted with 320 respondents, and the instrument used was questionnaires. The results showed that ODL instructors and learners were challenged with many obstacles to prioritizing tasks and allocating time accordingly in their teaching and learning. A close inspection of the role of time management is much required. The most reported challenges were managing the academic schedule on ODL and multitasking while teaching and learning on ODL. Lastly, it was deemed unnecessary to have additional time to satisfy the expectations of ODL. It was found that both instructors and learners from public and private higher education institutions needed effective educational practices to succeed in ODL and blended learning. In short, time allocation in prioritizing tasks is still an obstruction to achieving effective and balanced teaching and learning system with ODL that satisfies the desire of the instructors and learners. This research suggests investigating social, cognitive, teaching and emotional presence to successfully conduct the teaching and learning process.
Improving Language Skills Through Linguistic Intelligence Learning Design
Authors: Gunawan Dani , Musthafa Bachrudin , Wahyudin Dinn
Published: October 2022

This research aimed to determine the difference in students' language skills levels before and after using a verbal-linguistic intelligence-based learning design. This research was conducted in an elementary school in Garut Regency, Indonesia, using a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 22 sixth-grade elementary school students. The data were obtained by test. The test instrument was tested for validity and reliability. Then, the data were analyzed by inferential and descriptive tests. The inferential test was done through normality and homogeneity tests. Furthermore, the data were tested for the mean difference using SPSS 22 software. The results prove differences in students' language skills before and after applying the verbal-linguistic intelligence-based learning design. The acquisition sees the difference in scores of the average score of each skill after treatment increases with an n-gain score of 68.75. This proves that verbal-linguistic intelligence-based learning design can improve each student's language skills. The findings can be an insight for future researchers conducting research on learning design based on verbal-linguistic intelligence or language skills.
Deep learning-based vehicle detection from orthophoto and spatial accuracy analysis
Authors: BİYİK Muhammed Yahya , ATİK Muhammed Enes , DURAN Zaide
Published: October 2022

Deep Learning algorithms are used by many different disciplines for various purposes, thanks to their ever-developing data processing skills. Convolutional neural network (CNN) are generally developed and used for this integration purpose. On the other hand, the widespread usage of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) enables the collection of aerial photographs for Photogrammetric studies. In this study, these two fields were brought together and it was aimed to find the equivalents of the objects detected from the UAV images using deep learning in the global coordinate system and to evaluate their accuracy over these values. For these reasons, v3 and v4 versions of the YOLO algorithm, which prioritizes detecting the midpoint of the detected object, were trained in Google Colab’s virtual machine environment using the prepared data set. The coordinate values read from the orthophoto and the coordinate values of the midpoints of the objects, which were derived according to the estimations made by the YOLO-v3 and YOLOV4-CSP models, were compared and their spatial accuracy was calculated. Accuracy of 16.8 cm was obtained with the YOLO-v3 and 15.5 cm with the YOLOv4-CSP. In addition, the mAP value was obtained as 80% for YOLOv3 and 87% for YOLOv4-CSP. F1-score is 80% for YOLOv3 and 85% for YOLOv4-CSP.
A comprehensive analysis of different geometric correction methods for the Pleiades -1A and Spot-6 satellite images
Authors: ÖZCİHAN Buğrahan , ÖZLÜ Levent Doğukan , KARAKAP Mümin İlker , SÜRMELİ Halime , ALGANCI Ugur , SERTEL Elif
Published: October 2022

Satellite images have been widely used in the production of geospatial information such as land use and land cover mapping and the generation of several thematic layers via image processing techniques. The systematic sensor and platform-induced geometry errors influence images acquired by sensors onboard various satellite platforms. Thus, geometric correction of satellite images is essential for image pre-processing to extract accurate and reliable locational information. Geometric correction of satellite images obtained from two different satellites, Pleiades 1A (PHR) and SPOT-6, was performed within the scope of this study using empirical models and a physical model. The 2D polynomial model, 3D rational function model with calculated RPCs from GCPs, 3D rational function model with RPCs from satellite, RPC refinement model using GCPs, and Toutin's physical model were used. Several experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of various parameters on the performance of the geometric correction procedure, such as GCP reference data source, GCP number and distribution, DEM source, spatial resolution, and model. Our results showed that lower RMSE values could be achieved with the model that uses RPC from data providers for PHR and SPOT, followed by the RPC refinement method for PHR and Toutin method for SPOT. In general, GCPs from the HGM data source and ALOS DEM combination provided better results. Lastly, lower RMSE values, thus better locational accuracy values, were observed with the PHR image except for a single test.