bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comment on “Theoretical Analysis and Circuit Verification for Fractional-Order Chaotic Behavior in a New Hyperchaotic System”
Authors: Singh Jay Prakash , Roy B. K.
Published: September 2016

Some comments on the paper “Theoretical Analysis and Circuit Verification for Fractional-Order Chaotic Behavior in a New Hyperchaotic System” (L. Liu and C. Liu, 2014) are pointed out in this letter. It is shown in this letter that the claimed hyperchaotic system exhibits a periodic behaviour for the chosen parameters and initial condition. However, the claimed hyperchaotic system exhibits chaotic behaviours for some other parameters.
The Fuzzy Feedback Scheduling of Real-Time Middleware in Cyber-Physical Systems for Robot Control
Authors: Tang Feng , Zhang Ping , Li Fang
Published: September 2016

Cyber-physical systems for robot control integrate the computing units and physical devices, which are real-time systems with periodic events. This work focuses on CPS task scheduling in order to solve the problem of slow response and packet loss caused by the interaction between each service. The two-level fuzzy feedback scheduling scheme is designed to adjust the task priority and period according to the combined effects of the response time and packet loss. Empirical results verify the rationality of the cyber-physical system architecture for robot control and illustrate the feasibility of the fuzzy feedback scheduling method.
Construction of Spectral Discoloration Model for Red Lead Pigment by Aging Test and Simulating Degradation Experiment
Authors: Liang Jinxing , Wan Xiaoxia , Li Chan , Li Junfeng , Liu Qiang , Cao Qian
Published: September 2016

The construction of spectral discoloration model, based on aging test and simulating degradation experiment, was proposed to detect the aging degree of red lead pigment in ancient murals and to reproduce the spectral data supporting digital restoration of the ancient murals. The degradation process of red lead pigment under the aging test conditions was revealed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and spectrophotometer. The simulating degradation experiment was carried out by proportionally mixing red lead and lead dioxide with referring to the results of aging test. The experimental result indicated that the pure red lead was gradually turned into black lead dioxide, and the amount of tiny particles of the aging sample increased faced with aging process. Both the chroma and lightness of red lead pigment decreased with discoloration, and its hue essentially remains unchanged. In addition, the spectral reflectance curves of the aging samples almost started rising at about 550 nm with the inflection moving slightly from about 570 nm to 550 nm. The spectral reflectance of samples in long- and in short-wavelength regions was fitted well with the logarithmic and linear function. The spectral discoloration model was established, and the real aging red lead pigment in Dunhuang murals was measured and verified the effectiveness of the model.
Dynamic Behavior of a Prestressed Concrete Bridge with a Switching Crack Subjected to Moving Trains
Authors: Fu Chunyu
Published: September 2016

Concrete bridges chronically exposed to the natural environment are vulnerable to cracking. Under prestressing forces, the crack may close, but it will open under large dynamic loads, such as heavy trains. So the crack state can switch during the vibration. This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamic behavior of the prestressed concrete bridge with such a switching crack subjected to moving trains. Firstly, the finite element method is adopted to formulate the motion equations of train-bridge system while the crack state remains constant. Then the displacement components are analyzed to investigate the effect of static loads at the switching instant. Finally, an iterative algorithm is adopted to calculate the nonlinear responses. The proposed method is verified by the calculation of an actual prestressed concrete bridge, and the results show that the crack switching can increase the peak of the bridge displacement during the vibration, cause an obvious nonlinearity between the displacement and the vehicle mass, and make the displacement become more variable with the train velocity.
The Relationship between Neurocircuitry Dysfunctions and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review
Authors: Zhu Yuncheng , Yang Daoliang , Ji Weidong , Huang Tianming , Xue Lianxue , Jiang Xixi , Chen Liangliang , Wang Fang
Published: September 2016

The prefrontal cortex is the superlative structure of brain that needs the longest developmental and maturational duration that highlights the region of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in neuroimaging studies. Prefrontal cortex functions generate enormously complex and its abundant feedback neurocircuitries with subcortical structures such as striatum and thalamus established through dual neural fibers. These microneurocircuitries are called corticostriatothalamocortical (CSTC) circuits. The CSTC circuits paly an essential role in flexible behaviors. The impaired circuits increase the risk of behavioral and psychological symptoms. ADHD is an especial developmental stage of paediatric disease. It has been reported that the CSTC circuits dysfunctions in ADHD are related to homologous symptoms. This study aimed to review the symptoms of ADHD and discuss the recent advances on the effects of the disease as well as the new progress of treatments with each circuit.
Crack Risk Evaluation of Early Age Concrete Based on the Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensing
Authors: Shi Nannan , Chen Yanyu , Li Zhenbao
Published: September 2016

Cracks often appear in concrete arch dams, due to the thermal stress and low tensile strength of early age concrete. There are three commonly used temperature controlling measures: controlling the casting temperature, burying cooling pipe, and protecting the surface. However, because of the difficulty to obtain accurate temperature and thermal stress field of the concrete, the rationality and economy of these measures are not assessed validly before and after construction. In this paper, a crack risk evaluation system for early age concrete is established, including distributed optical fiber temperature sensing (DTS), prediction of temperature and stress fields, and crack risk evaluation. Based on the DTS temperature data, the back-analysis method is applied to retrieve the thermal parameters of concrete. Then, the temperature and thermal stress of early age concrete are predicted using the reversed thermal parameters, as well as the laboratory test parameters. Finally, under the proposed cracking risk evaluation principle, the cracking risk level of each concrete block is given; the preliminary and later temperature controlling measures were recommended, respectively. The application of the proposed system in Xiluodu super high arch dam shows that this system works effectively for preventing cracks of early age concrete.
Some New Generalized Integral Inequalities for GA-s-Convex Functions via Hadamard Fractional Integrals
Authors: İşcan İmdat , Aydin Mustafa
Published: September 2016

We prove new generalization of Hadamard, Ostrowski, and Simpson inequalities in the framework of GA-s-convex functions and Hadamard fractional integral.
Chemotherapy Used to Halt Lower GI Bleeding in a Rare Case of Metastatic Choriocarcinoma to the GI Tract
Authors: Kamel Ralph , Seoud Talal , Oluwadamilola Teniola , Karass Michael , Grossniklaus Emily , Oprea-Ilies Gabriela , Goldstein Daniel A. , Jain Sanjay
Published: September 2016

Choriocarcinoma, a nonseminomatous germ cell tumor, is a rare type of testicular malignancy that tends to occur in young males. It is, however, exceedingly rare for choriocarcinoma to involve the GI tract. In this article, we present a rare case of a 31-year-old male, diagnosed with choriocarcinoma of the left testes, along with several metastases to distant sites. The patient presented with headaches and severe lower GI bleeding due to metastases to the GI tract, which was eventually controlled with systemic chemotherapy, while requiring several units of packed RBCs during his admission to the hospital. An extensive literature review found very few cases of the occurrence of GI bleeding as a consequence of choriocarcinoma due to metastases to the GI tract.
Finite Time Controller for Point Stabilization of a Spherical Underwater Roving Robot
Authors: Liu Zhimin , Sun Hanxu , Li Yansheng , Jia Qingxuan , Chu Ming
Published: September 2016

The finite time controller is proposed to solve the point stabilization problem for a novel underwater spherical roving robot (BYSQ-3) in two-dimensional space. The finite time design scheme is a new method; the main advantage of this control scheme is that it can steer the robot to the origin in fast converging times without excessive control effort. Firstly, the physical prototype of BYSQ-3 is introduced and the equations describing the kinematics and dynamics of BYSQ-3 are established. Secondly, the finite time controller is constructed based on the backstepping method; the explicit form of the finite time controller is more concise compared with the other finite time controllers; there is no virtual input in the design process and the stability analysis is simple; the designed controller is easy for engineering implementation. Thirdly, the hydrodynamic characteristics is analyzed by CFD simulation; the simulation and experiment results are presented to validate the shorter convergence time and better stability character of the controller.
A Simple PSA-Based Computational Approach Predicts the Timing of Cancer Relapse in Prostatectomized Patients
Authors: Stura Ilaria , Gabriele Domenico , Guiot Caterina
Published: September 2016

Recurrences of prostate cancer affect approximately one quarter of patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy. Reliable factors to predict time to relapse in specific individuals are lacking. Here, we present a mathematical model that evaluates a biologically sensible parameter (α) that can be estimated by the available follow-up data, in particular by the PSA series. This parameter is robust and highly predictive for the time to relapse, also after administration of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapies. We present a practical computational method based on the collection of only four postsurgical PSA values. This study offers a simple tool to predict prostate cancer relapse. Cancer Res; 76(17); 4941–7. ©2016 AACR.
NAD+ Kinase as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer
Authors: Tedeschi Philip M. , Bansal Nitu , Kerrigan John E. , Abali Emine E. , Scotto Kathleen W. , Bertino Joseph R.
Published: September 2016

NAD+ kinase (NADK) catalyzes the phosphorylation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) using ATP as the phosphate donor. NADP+ is then reduced to NADPH by dehydrogenases, in particular glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and the malic enzymes. NADPH functions as an important cofactor in a variety of metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. The demand for NADPH is particularly high in proliferating cancer cells, where it acts as a cofactor for the synthesis of nucleotides, proteins, and fatty acids. Moreover, NADPH is essential for the neutralization of the dangerously high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by increased metabolic activity. Given its key role in metabolism and regulation of ROS, it is not surprising that several recent studies, including in vitro and in vivo assays of tumor growth and querying of patient samples, have identified NADK as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we will discuss the experimental evidence justifying further exploration of NADK as a clinically relevant drug target and describe our studies with a lead compound, thionicotinamide, an NADK inhibitor prodrug. Clin Cancer Res; 22(21); 5189–95. ©2016 AACR.
RN927C, a Site-Specific Trop-2 Antibody–Drug Conjugate (ADC) with Enhanced Stability, Is Highly Efficacious in Preclinical Solid Tumor Models
Authors: Strop Pavel , Tran Thomas-Toan , Dorywalska Magdalena , Delaria Kathy , Dushin Russell , Wong Oi Kwan , Ho Wei-Hsien , Zhou Dahui , Wu Aidong , Kraynov Eugenia , Aschenbrenner Laura , Han Bora , O'Donnell Christopher J. , Pons Jaume , Rajpal Arvind , Shelton Dave L. , Liu Shu-Hui
Published: September 2016

Trop-2, also known as TACSTD2, EGP-1, GA733-1, and M1S1, is frequently expressed on a variety of human carcinomas, and its expression is often associated with poor prognosis of the diseases. However, it is also present on the epithelium of several normal tissues. A comprehensively designed Trop-2–targeting antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), balancing both efficacy and toxicity, is therefore necessary to achieve clinical utility. To this end, we developed a cleavable Trop-2 ADC (RN927C) using a site-specific transglutaminase-mediated conjugation method and a proprietary microtubule inhibitor (MTI) linker-payload, PF-06380101. Robust in vitro cytotoxicity of RN927C was observed on a panel of Trop-2–expressing tumor cell lines, with IC50 generally in the subnanomolar range. As expected for an MTI-containing ADC, RN927C readily induced mitotic arrest of treated cells in vitro and in vivo, followed by subsequent cell death. The in vivo efficacy of RN927C was tested in multiple cell line and patient-derived xenograft tumor models, including pancreatic, lung, ovarian, and triple-negative breast tumor types. Single-dose administration of RN927C at 0.75 to 3 mg/kg was generally sufficient to induce sustained regression of Trop-2–expressing tumors and showed superior efficacy over standard treatment with paclitaxel or gemcitabine. Administration of RN927C in nonhuman primate toxicity studies resulted in target-mediated effects in skin and oral mucosa, consistent with Trop-2 expression in these epithelial tissues with minimal, non–dose limiting off-target toxicities. On the basis of the combined efficacy and safety results, RN927C is postulated to have a favorable therapeutic index for treatment of solid tumors. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(11); 2698–708. ©2016 AACR.
Activating TCR Signaling to Thwart T-ALL
Authors: Lemonnier François , Mak Tak W.
Published: September 2016

Summary: Thymic negative selection is a process that aims to eliminate autoreactive T cells by inducing the apoptosis of thymocytes expressing a T-cell receptor (TCR) with high affinity for self-MHC. In this issue, Trinquand and colleagues demonstrate that TCR engagement or anti-CD3 stimulation of TCR-expressing T acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells results in their apoptosis. This cell death is reminiscent of thymic negative selection and has the potential for therapeutic exploitation. Cancer Discov; 6(9); 946–8. ©2016 AACR.

See related article by Trinquand et al., p. 972.
Appropriateness of Using Autism Spectrum Disorders Screening Tools in a Hearing Evaluation Service
Authors: Machado Fernanda Prada , Palladino Ruth Ramalho Ruivo , Damasceno Lilian Lobo , Cunha Maria Claudia
Published: September 2016

Objective: The aim was to test the appropriateness of using autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening tools in a hearing evaluation service. Patients and Methods: Forty-one children with a mean age of 2.8 years, of whom 33 (80.5%) were boys, were evaluated in an audiological diagnostic service using ASD screening tools that had been validated for use in Brazil and recommended by the Ministry of Health. Results: 82% of the subjects referred to the hearing diagnostic service over 18 months did not show any type of hearing loss, but 60% had early signs of autism. 10% had hearing loss and were at risk for autism. Conclusion: The data emphasize the importance of the awareness and the training of professionals working with young children in ASD screening. The data also suggest that screening young children in a hearing evaluation service may contribute to more timely identification of children at risk for ASD.
Preschoolers' Performance on the Brazilian Adaptation of the Preschool Language Assessment Instrument - Second Edition
Authors: Lindau Tâmara Andrade , Rossi Natalia Freitas , Giacheti Celia Maria
Published: September 2016

Purpose: The objective was to test whether the Brazilian version of the Preschool Language Assessment Instrument - Second Edition (PLAI-2) has the potential to assess and identify differences in typical language development of Portuguese-speaking preschoolers. Methods: The study included 354 children of both genders with typical language development who were between the ages of 3 years and 5 years 11 months. The version of the PLAI-2 previously translated into Brazilian Portuguese was used to assess the communication skills of these preschool-age children. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the age groups, and the raw score tended to increase as a function of age. With nonstandardized assessments, the performances of the younger groups revealed behavioral profiles (e.g., nonresponsive, impulsive behavior) that directly influenced the evaluation. Conclusions: The findings of this study show that the PLAI-2 is effective in identifying differences in language development among Brazilian children of preschool age. Future research should include studies validating and standardizing these findings.
Emotional Rejection of the Infant: Status of the Concept
Authors: Brockington Ian
Published: September 2016

Emotional rejection of the infant is a morbid, clinical phenomenon, central to mother-infant psychiatry. It occurs in about 1% of births in the general population, but much more often in mothers referred to specialist services. It has severe consequences for children, but responds well to treatment. It is now better recognized, but research is required, especially cohort studies and neuroscientific investigations.
Metastatic Gliosarcoma: Cytopathologic Characteristics with Histopathologic Correlations
Authors: Lee James , Rodriguez Fausto , Ali Syed Z.
Published: September 2016

Gliosarcoma is a rare variant of glioblastoma multiforme characterized by a biphasic pattern of glial and mesenchymal differentiation. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is routinely employed to diagnose a number of primary and secondary malignancies in a variety of clinical settings. Herein, we describe the cytomorphologic features of a gliosarcoma metastatic to an extracranial location accompanied by corresponding clinico-radiologic and histopathologic findings in a 51-year-old man with a posterior mediastinal mass. The cytologic smears displayed a pleomorphic tumor comprised of spindled and epithelioid malignant cells. This case illustrates the ability of FNA to adequately diagnose a rare malignancy in the appropriate clinico-radiologic setting.
Genomic and Cytogenetic Localization of the Carotenoid Genes in the Aphid Genome
Authors: Mandrioli Mauro , Rivi Veronica , Nardelli Andrea , Manicardi Gian Carlo
Published: September 2016

Data published in the scientific literature suggests a possible link between chromosomal rearrangements involving autosomes 1 and 3 and the presence of red morphs in the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer). In order to begin a study of this relationship, we analysed the genomic and chromosomal location of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in M. persicae and the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), since carotenoids are the basis of the colour in many aphid species. Genomic analysis identified a DNA sequence containing carotenoid genes in synteny between the 2 species. According to the results obtained using in situ PCR, carotenoid genes were located in a subterminal portion of autosome 1 in both species. The same localization has also been observed in the onion aphid Neotoxoptera formosana Takahashi that, as M. persicae and A. pisum, belongs to the tribe Macrosiphini, thereby suggesting a synteny of this chromosomal region in aphids. In situ PCR experiments performed on 2 M. persicae asexual lineages bearing heterozygous translocations involving autosomes 1 and 3 revealed that carotenoid genes were located within chromosomal portions involved in recurrent rearrangements. We also verified by bioinformatics analyses the presence of fragile sites that could explain these recurrent rearrangements in M. persicae.
Long-acting recombinant fusion protein linking coagulation factor IX with albumin (rIX-FP) in children
Authors: Chambost Hervé , Male Christoph , Lambert Thierry , Halimeh Susan , Chernova Tatiana , Mancuso Maria Elisa , Curtin Julie , Voigt Christine , Li Yanyan , Jacobs Iris , Santagostino Elena , Kenet Gili ,   the PROLONG-9FP Investigator Study Group
Published: September 2016

A global phase 3 study evaluated the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety of a recombinant fusion protein linking coagulation factor IX with albumin (rIX-FP) in 27 previously treated male children (1–11 years) with severe and moderately severe haemophilia B (factor IX [FIX] activity ≤2 IU/dl). All patients received routine prophylaxis once every seven days for up to 77 weeks, and treated any bleeding episodes on-demand. The mean terminal half-life of rIX-FP was 91.4 hours (h), 4.3-fold longer than previous FIX treatment and clearance was 1.11 ml/h/kg, 6.4-fold slower than previous FIX treatment. The median (Q1, Q3) annualised spontaneous bleeding rate was 0.00 (0.00, 0.91) and was similar between the <6 years and ≥6 years age groups, with a weekly median prophylactic dose of 46 IU/kg. In addition, patients maintained a median trough level of 13.4 IU/dl FIX activity on weekly prophylaxis. Overall, 97.2 % of bleeding episodes were successfully treated with one or two injections of rIX-FP (95 % CI: 92 % to 99 %), 88.7 % with one injection, and 96 % of the treatments were rated effective (excellent or good) by the Investigator. No patient developed FIX inhibitors and no safety concerns were identified. These results indicate that rIX-FP is safe and effective for preventing and treating bleeding episodes in children with haemophilia B with weekly prophylaxis. Routine prophylaxis with rIX-FP at treatment intervals of up to 14 days are currently being investigated in children with severe and moderately severe haemophilia B. Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01662531)
Anti-VLDL receptor monoclonal antibodies inhibit fibrin-VLDL receptor interaction and reduce fibrin-dependent leukocyte transmigration
Authors: Yakovlev Sergiy , Belkin Alexey M. , Chen Ling , Cao Chunzhang , Zhang Li , Strickland Dudley K. , Medved Leonid
Published: September 2016

Our previous studies revealed that the interaction of fibrin with the very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) promotes transendothelial migration of leukocytes and thereby inflammation, and localised the fibrin-binding site to CR-domains 2–4 of this receptor. In the present study, we tested interaction of three anti-VLDLR monoclonal antibodies, mAb 1H10, 1H5, and 5F3, with recombinant fragments of VLDLR containing various combinations of its CR-domains and found that the epitopes for mAb 1H10 and mAb 1H5 overlap with the fibrin-binding site of VLDLR. Based on these findings, we hypothesised that mAb 1H10 and mAb 1H5 should inhibit fibrin-VLDLR interaction and modulate leukocyte transmigration. To test this hypothesis, we first demonstrated that these monoclonal antibodies both have high affinity to the fibrin-binding fragments of the VLDL receptor and efficiently inhibit interaction between the VLDLR-binding fragment of fibrin and the fibrin-binding fragments of VLDLR. Next, in the in vitro experiments using leukocyte transendothelial migration assay we found that both monoclonal antibodies efficiently inhibit leukocyte transmigration induced by fibrin mimetic NDSK-II. Finally, in vivo experiments using mouse model of peritonitis revealed that mAb 1H10 and mAb 1H5 both significantly reduce infiltration of leukocytes into the peritoneum. Furthermore, our experiments using mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury revealed that both monoclonal antibodies significantly reduce myocardial injury induced by ischaemia-reperfusion. Thus, the results obtained indicate that monoclonal antibodies 1H10 and 1H5 are novel specific inhibitors of fibrin-VLDLR-dependent leukocyte transmigration pathway. They may represent potential therapeutics for treatment of fibrin-dependent inflammation including myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
Las escuelas críticas: Entre la socialización política y los procesos de subjetivación
Authors: Saldarriaga-Vélez Jaime Alberto
Published: September 2016

(analítico): Este artículo analiza prácticas escolares de socialización política fundamentadas en pedagogías críticas, derivadas en procesos de formación de subjetividades en jóvenes, aquí denominadas procesos de subjetivación. Es una investigación cualitativa desarrollada en cuatro instituciones educativas de Medellín, Colombia. Su objetivo es analizar experiencias inspiradas en pedagogías críticas ("Escuelas Críticasâ€), en sus posibilidades y límites de configurar procesos de subjetivación, para propiciar el encuentro de los sujetos consigo mismos y con otros, creándose líneas de fuga a la matriz escolar moderna. Estas experiencias formativas se configuran a partir de transacciones entre elementos de matrices pedagógicas críticas, liberales y pastorales.La investigación aplica el método de análisis estructural de contenido (Hiernaux), tanto a textos de autores de pedagogías críticas (Freire, Giroux), como a testimonios de educadores y fuentes documentales.
Cartografia digital geo-histórica: mobilidade urbana de São Paulo de 1877 a 1930
Authors: Oliva Jaime Tadeu , Fonseca Fernanda Padovesi , Dutenkefer Eduardo , Zoboli Luciano
Published: September 2016

No campo de uma cartografia digital geo-histórica o artigo apresenta mapas inéditos sobre a mobilidade urbana da cidade de São Pau­lo, produzidos no âmbito de pesquisa coletiva, re­lativos ao período entre 1877 e 1930. Em termos de metodologias, o destaque é para a aplicação do georreferenciamento relativo de mapas históricos passando pela vetorização de alguns elementos escolhidos, para, a seguir, trabalhar com uma cartografia analítica transformacional. Esses mapas em sua diversidade de métodos de repre­sentação podem permitir novos olhares sobre a mobilidade da cidade de São Paulo e seus refle­xos no quadro interacional da cidade. Algo que se procurou fazer no artigo mobilizando também algumas referências teóricas para avaliar esse elemento-chave (o quadro interacional) para a constituição da cidade e de sua sociedade urba­na.
Os mapas como “operadores espaciais” na construção da cidade de São Paulo do início do século XX
Authors: Kuvasney Eliane
Published: September 2016

Neste artigo busca-se compreender de que forma o ambiente de transformações do início do século XX influenciou e foi influencia­do pela produção cartográfica, no caso específi­co dos mapas que estavam sendo produzidos re­presentando a cidade de São Paulo e seu entorno. A hipótese deste trabalho é que a forma como a cartografia refletia as mudanças começou a par­ticipar da dinâmica da cidade e que os ingredien­tes dessa dinâmica (as ideias de crescimento e expansão, por exemplo) passaram a ser orienta­dos pelos mapas, ou seja, os mapas tornaram-se “operadores espaciais”. O objetivo principal da pesquisa é contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma geo-história cartográfica na perspectiva de analisar os mapas como fatos/fenômenos sociais e assim refletir sobre a extensão e duração des­ses fenômenos na organização e funcionamento dos espaços das sociedades.
Estado e empresariado nacionais na condução da política externa brasileira para a África no governo Lula
Authors: Puerari Gustavo Miranda
Published: September 2016

O artigo analisa interações entre membros do empresariado e o governo brasi­leiro durante o governo Lula, de 2003 a 2010, no âmbito das políticas públicas domésticas e ex­terna nacionais que teriam fomentado as rela­ções com países africanos com vistas a ganhos instrumentais. Defende-se que tanto atores pri­vados quanto estatais, por convergências e/ou associações de interesses, teriam obtido vanta­gens ao trabalhar sincronicamente. Enquanto o setor privado lograria diminuir seus custos políticos e financeiros com investimentos no exterior, o governo brasileiro, paralelamente, poderia utilizar-se desses investimentos priva­dos como meio de expandir sua influência in­ternacional e lograr seus objetivos. Nesse con­texto, foram analisados três casos de empresas brasileiras que realizaram investimentos na África no período indicado.
Eles devoraram tudo: primitivismo, barbárie e as vanguardas
Authors: Lima Bruna Della Torre de Carvalho
Published: September 2016

O primitivismo é um aspecto fun­damental do modernismo brasileiro e encon­tra na obra de Oswald de Andrade uma das suas mais importantes expressões. A “Poesia Pau Brasil” e a “antropofagia” mobilizavam o primitivismo para, como dizia Oswald de An­drade, acertar os ponteiros da literatura bra­sileira com o relógio da literatura universal. A ideia era superar o sentimento de atraso e a necessidade de uma identidade nacional; a antropofagia era uma metáfora para uma cul­tura que tinha como características a absor­ção e a transmutação constantes de modelos estrangeiros. O objetivo deste artigo é explorar os sentidos e ambiguidades que o primitivismo assumiu em alguns dos melhores momentos do modernismo de Oswald de Andrade em diálogo com a sua presença nas vanguardas europeias.
Dinâmicas de representações espaciais e dados cartográficos em Lyon no início do século XX: uma primeira abordagem
Authors: Biaggi Enali De
Published: September 2016

O mapeamento da cidade de Lyon no início do século XX parece ter sido pouco estudado quando comparado ao número de textos dedicados a mapas e cartógrafos do século XIX. Cartografia relacionada com a gestão urbana ou mapeamento militar, vários conjuntos de mapas concentram recursos va­liosos para compreender as transformações da cidade naquele momento. Este texto concen­tra-se em dois pontos principais que parecem emergir: o fortalecimento de um mapeamento detalhado – em escalas de 1:500 a 1:2.000; e um mapeamento “estendido” no momento em que a cidade se amplia num processo de metropoli­zação. Analisando as continuidades e descon­tinuidades nos mapas produzidos no período, que vai até ao final da Segunda Guerra Mun­dial, tenta-se propor novas linhas de pesquisa.
Blood Transfusion and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Karrowni Wassef , Vora Amit Navin , Dai David , Wojdyla Daniel , Dakik Habib , Rao Sunil V.
Published: September 2016

Background—

Acute kidney injury (AKI) complicating percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. To date, no studies have evaluated the association of blood transfusion with AKI in patients undergoing PCI.

Methods and Results—

We used a retrospective cohort study of all patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI from CathPCI Registry (n=1 756 864). The primary outcome was AKI defined as the rise in serum creatinine post procedure ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25% above baseline values. AKI developed in 9.0% of study sample. Patients with AKI were older, more often women, and had high prevalence of comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and advanced stages of chronic kidney disease at baseline. Blood transfusion was utilized in 2.2% of patients. In the overall sample, AKI developed in 35.1% of patients who received transfusion versus 8.4% of patients without transfusion (adjusted odds ratio, 4.87 [4.71–5.04]). In the subgroup of patients who sustained bleeding event and received transfusion, the rate of AKI was significantly increased across all preprocedure hemoglobin levels versus no blood transfusion. Similar findings were seen in the subgroup of patients with no bleeding event.

Conclusions—

Blood transfusion is strongly associated with AKI in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI. Further investigation is needed to determine whether a restrictive blood transfusion strategy might improve PCI outcomes by reducing the risk of AKI.
Pharmacoinvasive Strategy Versus Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sim Doo Sun , Jeong Myung Ho , Ahn Youngkeun , Kim Young Jo , Chae Shung Chull , Hong Taek Jong , Seong In Whan , Chae Jei Keon , Kim Chong Jin , Cho Myeong Chan , Rha Seung-Woon , Bae Jang Ho , Seung Ki Bae , Park Seung Jung
Published: September 2016

Background—

The Strategic Reperfusion Early After Myocardial Infarction trial and the French Registry of Acute ST-elevation or Non-ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction 2015 suggested that pharmacoinvasive strategy compares favorably with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We sought to assess the clinical impact of pharmacoinvasive strategy compared with PPCI in real-world patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results—

We used the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry to identify ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients receiving either pharmacoinvasive strategy defined as fibrinolysis followed by percutaneous coronary intervention (rescue/urgent or routine elective; n=708) or PPCI (n=8878). Patients receiving facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention within 3 hours from fibrinolysis were excluded. Propensity-matched 12-month clinical outcome was compared. In the propensity-matched cohort (n=706 in each group), the pharmacoinvasive group had shorter time to reperfusion therapy (165 versus 241 minutes;
P
<0.001) and higher rate of pre-percutaneous coronary intervention Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction grade 3 (50.4% versus 13.7%;
P
<0.001). Incidences of major bleeding and stroke during hospitalization were not different. Twelve-month rates of death and major adverse cardiac events (composite of death, recurrent myocardial infarction, target-vessel revascularization, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery) were similar between pharmacoinvasive strategy and PPCI: 4.4% versus 4.1% and 7.5% versus 7.8%, respectively. Equipoise between pharmacoinvasive strategy and PPCI for 12-month major adverse cardiac events occurred when percutaneous coronary intervention–related delay was ≈100 minutes.

Conclusions—

ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients receiving pharmacoinvasive treatment, compared with PPCI, had shorter time to reperfusion, higher culprit-vessel patency, and similar 12-month clinical outcome.
Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Short‐ and Medium‐Term Hospital Readmission Following Heart Valve Surgery
Authors: Pack Quinn R. , Priya Aruna , Lagu Tara , Pekow Penelope S. , Engelman Richard , Kent David M. , Lindenauer Peter K.
Published: September 2016

Background

Although models exist for predicting hospital readmission after coronary artery bypass surgery, no such models exist for predicting readmission after heart valve surgery (
HVS
).

Methods and Results

Using a geographically and structurally diverse sample of US hospitals (Premier Inpatient Database, January 2007–June 2011), we examined patient, hospital, and clinical factors predictive of short‐ and medium‐term hospital readmission post‐
HVS
. We set aside 20% of hospitals for model validation. A generalized estimating equation model accounted for clustering within hospitals. At 219 hospitals, we identified 38 532 patients (67 years, 56% male, 62% aortic valve surgery) who underwent
HVS
. A total of 3125 (7.8%) and 4943 (12.8%) patients were readmitted to the index hospital within 1 and 3 months, respectively. Our 3‐month model predicted readmission rates between 3% and 61% with fair discrimination (C‐statistic, 0.67) and good calibration (predicted vs observed differences in validation cohort averaged 1.9% across all deciles of predicted readmission risk). Results were similar for our 1‐month model and our simplified 3‐month model (suitable for clinical use), which used the 5 strongest predictors of readmission: transfused units of packed Red blood cells, presence of End‐stage renal disease, type of Valve surgery, Emergency hospital admission, and hospital Length of stay (
REVE
aL).

Conclusions

We described and validated key factors that predict short‐ and medium‐term hospital readmission post‐
HVS
. These models should enable clinicians to identify individuals with
HVS
who are at increased risk for hospital readmission and are most likely to benefit from improved postdischarge care and follow‐up.
The discovery of the impression of the ventral side of Eopelobates anthracinus Parker, 1929 holotype
Authors: Špinar Zdeněk V. , Roček Zbyněk
Published: September 2016

In the paleontological collections of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität of Bonn, F. R. G., the ventral counter-impression of the holotype of Eopelobates anthracinus Parker, 1929 was found. This enabled us to complete the description of the whole specimen, as well as to give full diagnosis of the genus and species. Some doubts are expressed concerning the validity of Eopelobates bayeri as an independent species.
The Facial Carotid Artery in Snakes (Reptilia, Serpentes): Variations and Possible Cladistic Significance
Authors: Groombridge B. C.
Published: September 2016

It is reported that in henophidian snakes examined, except Acrochordus, the facial carotid artery passes forward ventral to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve, and is typically of lesser diameter than the cerebral carotid. In contrast, in caenophidian snakes except Viperinae (not including Causus) and in Acrochordus, the facial carotid passes dorsal to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal, and is not of lesser diameter than the cerebral carotid. Viperinae except Causus show the ventral course. Because it also occurs in Scolecophidia, and is correlated with primitive states of many other characters, the ventral course seen in Henophidia except Acrochordus is interpreted as the primitive condition in snakes. The dorsal course seen in Caenophidia and Acrochordus is interpreted as a derived condition indicating that these two taxa form a monophyletic group. This is corroborated by presence of several other shared derived features in the group. The ventral course in Viperinae except Causus is interpreted as a derived reversal indicating the monophyly of 'true' Viperinae (ie. excluding Causus).
A taxonomic account of the Iranian ratsnakes of the Elaphe longissima species-group
Authors: Nilson Göran , Andrén Claes
Published: September 2016

In this paper available material of the Elaphe longissima species group from Iran, presented in museum collections or collected by the authors, has been studied. Statistical cluster analyses are applied to this material. Three different taxa (hohenackeri, persica, longissima ssp.) are recognized within this group from Iran. Of three specimens of Elaphe hohenackeri, collected in Iran, two have the "taurica" form of pattern. A comparison with E.hohenackeri from different parts of its range showed that this species is monotypic.

The phenetical distance between E.l.persica and non-Iranian E.l.longissma was of similar magnitude as between these two and E.hohenackeri, which motivates a specific rank for persica. Elaphe persica n.comb. is distributed in the Alburz mountains in northern Iran. A morphological description is given on the variable juvenile morph.

A recently discovered population of Elaphe longissima in western Iran (Azarbaijan) indicates the occurence of a new diverging morph which differs from E.l.longissima in size, number of ventrals in males, subcaudals in both sexes as well as in some colour pattern.
Fossorial behavior and ecology of the chorus frog Pseudacris ornate
Authors: Brown Lauren E. , Means D. Bruce
Published: September 2016

The chorus frog Pseudacris ornata is a fossorial species that uses its forelimbs to burrow in the substrate. This is highly unusual as the great majority of burrowing frogs dig backwards with their hind feet. Pseudacris ornata is quite similar in manner of forelimb burrowing to its nearest relative Pseudacris streckeri. However, P. ornata shows greater hesitancy to burrow and thus is intermediate between the highly fossorial P. streckeri and another species, Pseudacris triseriata, which is not known to burrow . In morphological adaptations of the forelimb for burrowing, P. ornata is also intermediate between the other two species. Pseudacris ornata spends much of its time underground outside its breeding season, and is associated with easily penetrated sandy soils. Pseudacris ornata occasionally communicates underground by vocalization. This type of communication may be of an aversive nature. Forward burrowing may have evolved in salientians to facilitate subterranean feeding or other behaviors requiring efficient orientation using sensory structures on the anterior half of the body.
Biogeografia de los Anfibios y Reptiles de Galicia, un Ensayo de Sintesis
Authors: López Santiago Bas
Published: September 2016

In this work the actual state of knowledge on biogeography of Amphibians and Reptiles from Galicia is exposed in a synthetical way based upon distributional data gathered during the last 10 years.

The geographic distribution of species and communities on latitudinal and altitudinal gradients indicates that climate and biotope are more important factors than latitude or altitude over sea.

The presence of relict populations of eurosiberian taxa and the geographic distribution of endemism point to the importance of climatic alterations during the Quaternary Age (Glaciarism). Thus, the eurosiberian taxa were driven towards Galicia following both the Cornice and the Cantabrian Chain as a mountains, giving rise to sub-especiation or speciation in allopatry of some endemisms.

As the present data are poor we must consider our conclusions as a first hypothesis.

En el presente trabajo se expone de forma sintética el estado actual de concocimientos de la biogeografia de Anfibios y Reptiles de Galicia, basándonos en una labor de prospección realizada en los último 10 años.

Distribucion geográfica de especies y comunidades en gradientes latitudinales y altitudinales conduce a considerar la importancia de los factores clima y biotopo, más que la latitud o altitud sobre el mar.

Presencia de problaciones relictas de taxones eurosiberianos y distribucion geográfica de endemismos señalan la importancia de las alteraciones climáticas del Cuaternario (Glaciarismo) ; impulsando el avance hacia Galicia de taxones eurosiberianos siguiendo la cornisa y cordillera Cantabrica y propiciando la subespeciacion o especiacion en alopatria de ciertos endemismos.

A la espera de una base más amplia, debemos considerar nuestras conclusiones como una hipótesis de p artida.
Notes on the Biology of the Tortoise Geochelone denticulate L. in Peru
Authors: Bayona Lily O. Rodriguez , Rylander Michael K.
Published: September 2016

The South American tortoise Geochelone denticulata was studied in the wild near Iquitos, Peru, and in enclosures in Lima. In the wild, specimens fed regularly on a variety of fruits that had fallen to the forest floor, as well as on mushrooms, dead animals and fæces. The reproductive behavior of the species is described. Captive tortoises consumed 100-125 g of food a day and experienced a weight increase of 43.3 g per day . Biometric data for 143 adult male and 57 adult female tortoises indicate that the length of the carapace is longer in males than in females, and that the length of the carapace and body weight were correlated (r2 = 80%) . A survey of 80 families in the area revealed the extent to which this species is utilized for food, as compared to fish and domestic animals. Problems associated with raising this species in captivity are discussed.
XX/XY-Sex Chromosomes in Gekko gecko (Sauria, Reptilia)
Authors: Solleder Eva , Schmid M.
Published: September 2016

The mitotic karyotype, chromosomal banding patterns and male meiotic chromosomes of Gekko gecko were studied in differentially stained preparations obtained from bone marrow and testes. A chromosome number of 38 was found with a heteromorphic chromosome pair in the male sex, which indicates a XX/XY-mechanism of chromosomal sex determination. The Y-chromosome was found to be larger than the X-chromosome.
Observations sur l'Ethologie et l'Evolution d'une Population de Vipera aspis (L.) au Nord du Jura Suisse
Authors: Moser Andréas , Graber Claudia , Freyvogel Thierry A.
Published: September 2016

The study of a small population of Vipera aspis (L.) in the northern part of the Swiss Jura hillsfrom 1976 to 1980 showed, that the annual cycle with its particular seasonal patterns of behaviour is similar to the one known from other habitats in plains and hills. A decrease of temperature and insolation during the years of observation is considered as a main reason for the interruption of re¬production and for the decrease of the number of adult Asp vipers. Climatic influences may evoke drastic consequences for populations of the northern periphery of the Asp viper's distribution and demonstrate the limits of ecological adaption-capacity such as it is suspected in the present case.

Une petite population de Vipera aspis L. a été observée au nord du Jura suisse entre 1976 et 1980. Le cycle annuel du comportement spécifique correspond à celui déjà connu dans d'autres habitats de l'espèce en plaine et en colline. La diminution de l'insolation et une altération des con¬ditions termiques lors des périodes d'activité des vipères au cours des années d'observation sont con¬sidérées comme facteurs responsables de la décroissance du nombre des vipères adultes et de l'inter¬ruption de la reproduction. Ces données climatiques défavorables pendant plusieurs années ont sans doute contribué à l'évolution de la population étudiée qui est située à l'extrémité septentrionale de l'aire de répartition de Vipera aspis en Suisse et donc déjà à la limite des possibilités de vie de l'espèce.

Beobachtungen einer kleinen Population von Vipera aspis L. im nördlichen Schweizer Jura von 1976 bis 1980 zeigten, dass das Verhalten der Vipern innerhalb ihres Jahreszyklus im wesentlichen den Verhältnissen in anderen Habitaten des Flach- und Hügellandes entspricht. Ein Absinken der Temperaturen und der Sonneneinstrahlungsdauer in den Aktivitätsperioden der Vipern während 5 Beobachtungsjahren wird als wesentlicher Faktor für die Unterbrechung der Fortpflanzung und die Abnahme des Bestandes adulter Vipern gewertet. Ungünstige Klimaveränderungen können an der Nordgrenze des Areals von Vipera aspis Rückgänge in den dort lebenden Populationen verursachen und sich als limitierender Faktor für die Art erweisen. Unsere Beobachtungen in einem solchen Areal-Grenzgebiet weisen auf eine derartige Entwicklung hin.