bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell Type–Specific Quantification of Telomere Length and DNA Double-strand Breaks in Individual Lung Cells by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Fluorescent Immunohistochemistry
Authors: van Batenburg Aernoud A. , Kazemier Karin M. , Peeters Ton , van Oosterhout Matthijs F. M. , van der Vis Joanne J. , Grutters Jan C. , Goldschmeding Roel , van Moorsel Coline H. M.
Published: March 2018

Telomeres are small repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes which act as a buffer in age-dependent DNA shortening. Insufficient telomere repeats will be recognized as double-strand breaks. Presently, it is becoming more evident that telomere attrition, whether or not caused by mutations in telomere maintenance genes, plays an important role in many inflammatory and age-associated diseases. In this report, a method to (semi)quantitatively assess telomere length and DNA double-strand breaks in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is described. Therefore, a novel combination of quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization, tissue elution, and immunofluorescence staining techniques was developed. Caveolin-1 (type 1 pneumocytes), pro-surfactant protein C (type 2 pneumocytes), club cell-10 (club cells), and alpha smooth muscle actin (smooth muscle cells) markers were used to identify cell types. To visualize all the different probes, restaining the tissue by heat-mediated slide elution is essential. Fluorescent signals of telomeres and DNA double-strand breaks were quantified using the Telometer plugin of ImageJ. As example, we analyzed lung tissue from a familial pulmonary fibrosis patient with a mutation in the telomere-associated gene poly(A)-specific ribonuclease ( PARN). The protocol displays a novel opportunity to directly quantitatively link DNA double-strand breaks to telomere length in specific FFPE cells.
Panorama da produção científica do periódico JASIST - Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology - entre 2008 a 2016
Authors: Piquet Saboia de Mello Rodrigo , Bruno Luciana , Pui Yue Lee Patricia
Published: March 2018

O trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um panorama da produção científica do periódico científico norte-americano intitulado JASIST – Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, abrangendo o recorte cronológico entre 2008 a 2016. A pesquisa estará baseada nas keywords extraídos dos artigos dos periódicos científicos. Em seguida, correlacionaremos os termos extraídos com os grupos de trabalho da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação - ANCIB.
A relação entre a competência informacional e a estruturação da aula de Química nos professores de Serra Talhada - PE
Authors: Silveira Thiago Araújo da
Published: March 2018

Este trabalho trata de uma pesquisa realizada como sete professores de Química da rede pública de ensino de Serra Talhada – PE, onde se procurou investigar a relação entre as competências informacionais e a estruturação da aula que eles apresentavam. Os dados foram coletados num questionário, com perguntas abertas e fechadas, elaborado a partir dos padrões de competência informacionais para o ensino superior da ACRL (2000) e dos elementos estruturantes de uma aula (LIBÂNEO, 1994; CORDEIRO, 2007). Os resultados mostraram que o professor de Química da cidade apresenta dificuldades em formular objetivos gerais e específicos para aula, em organizar a informação, em selecionar os recursos a partir das fontes consultadas; além de forte apego ao livro didático como fonte de informação. Os dados informam também que competências como acesso competente à informação; seleção da informação e ética no uso da informação foram desenvolvidas.
Bibliotecas Universitárias como espaços de aprendizagem
Authors: Hubner Marcos Leandro Freitas , Kuhn Ana Carolina Araujo
Published: March 2018

As bibliotecas são espaços de preservação do patrimônio intelectual, literário, artístico e científico das sociedades e apresentam uma relação indissociável com as universidades. O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre as bibliotecas universitárias enquanto espaços de aprendizagem. Reflexão teórica acerca dos conceitos de biblioteca e aprendizagem, a partir de revisão bibliográfica. A fundamentação teórica sobre o processo de aprendizagem baseou-se nos estudos de Lev Vygotsky e as análises sobre a biblioteca como um espaço de aprendizagem sustentam-se em diversos autores das áreas da Biblioteconomia, Ciência da Informação e Educação. Biblioteca universitária relaciona-se intrinsicamente com a pesquisa e o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, através do desenvolvimento de atividades de mediação junto aos usuários na busca pela informação e na transformação desta em conhecimento. Dentre os diversos ambientes não formais de aprendizagem, a biblioteca universitária destaca-se, pois há intencionalidade no seu uso, ou seja, as pessoas que a frequentam, o fazem por vontade e iniciativa próprias.
Modelo para desenvolvimento Objetos de Aprendizagem: desenvolvimento de curso sobre sistema de publicação científica para editores
Authors: Fagundes de Brito Ronnie , Shintaku Milton , Fleury Andrea
Published: March 2018

conhecimentos, diante da evolução tecnológica. Entretanto, o desenvolvimento de cursos online ainda é um desafio, na medida em que requer uma variedade de profissionais, com perfis distintos. No sentido de facilitar esse desenvolvimento, o presente estudo descreve um modelo de desenvolvimento de objetos de aprendizagem, com aplicação em um curso voltado a ferramenta de editoração científica. Trata-se de um estudo aplicado, apresentando como resultado um material instrucional implementado utilizando técnicas que facilitam sua reprodução, sendo apresentada uma metodologia baseada na criação e utilização de rótulos (tags), comuns na informática atual. Tal abordagem facilita o desenvolvimento de objetos para aprendizagem por equipes diversas, de forma portável e iterativa. Com isso, contribui-se com a interdisciplinaridade no desenvolvimento de materiais aplicados em ambientes de ensino a distância.
Génesis y desarrollo del concepto de evolución
Authors: Sánchez Morales Hilde
Published: March 2018

La teoría evolucionista de Darwin, en la fecha de la publicación de El origen de las especies (1859), atrajo inmediatamente la atención, pero no recibió unánime aceptación. Muchos la consideraron contraria a la ortodoxia religiosa y una amenaza que atentaba contra el orden ideológico tradicional. Otros la aceptaron con restricciones y otros la tomaron como verdad absoluta. Hay que reconocer que la opinión culta de la época victoriana era fuertemente conservadora y hostil a todo lo que se desviara de la ortodoxia. A esto hay que añadir que el planteamiento de Darwin violaba el concepto de Naturaleza hasta entonces reconocido; de tal forma que por parte de amplios sectores de la iglesia la reacción fue muy agresiva. Los debates y publicaciones acerca de este tema han cobrado especial visibilidad con motivo de la celebración, en el 2009, del bicentenario del nacimiento de Charles Robert Darwin.
El emergentismo humanista de Javier Monserrat
Authors: Beorlegui Carlos
Published: March 2018

J. Monserrat constituye el representante más significativo y consistente del paradigma emergentista en nuestro entorno cultural, defendiendo un emergentismo humanista, que ha ido profundizando desde el nivel de los engramas neuronales hasta adherirse a las tesis de la neurología cuántica de Penrose y Hameroff. A lo largo de este artículo se presentan los principales planteamientos defendidos por J. Monserrat, dentro del horizonte del amplio paradigma del emergentismo sistémico, advirtiéndose como dicho paradigma le permite defender de un modo más adecuado un modelo antropológico humanista y creyente.
Implicaciones de la neurociencia. Psicofármacos e identidad: entre la cultura y la biología
Authors: Feito Grande Lydia
Published: March 2018

Los avances neurocientíficos abren la posibilidad de modificar las capacidades del ser humano, con afán de mejorarlo. Un ejemplo de estos cambios se encuentra en los neurofármacos. Alterar la memoria, la atención o el ánimo pueden suponer un cambio de identidad personal. Se analiza esta cuestión de la identidad y lo que pueda suponer de modificación de una naturaleza humana, lo que lleva a replantear el debate entre naturaleza y cultura, también desde la neurociencia actual. Se concluye que el dinamismo de la identidad narrativa humana es el resultado de esa interacción.
Identidad, alteridad y fantasía en un entorno tecnológico
Authors: Grané Terradas Francesc
Published: March 2018

La nueva personalidad posmoderna significa apertura, no fragmentación irrevocable. La modernidad tardía puede romper el orden simbólico de la sociedad, pero se reconstituye como una forma de apertura, como un espacio para la imaginación radical. Aquí, los procesos psíquicos de la fantasía se hacen centrales como elemento autoconstrucción personal. Tanto en el plano de la interioridad psíquica como en el mundo exterior, vivir en la sociedad-red significa vivir conscientes de la sobre-determinación que imprime la fantasía en los mundos personales y culturales. La fantasía, como flujo creativo de lo inconsciente, está ligada de manera directa con el conocimiento y con la experiencia del mundo, y no se puede evitar ni superar.
Regulating human genetic research in Latin America: a race to the top or a race together?
Authors: Isasi Rosario
Published: March 2018

Equilibrar la potencialidad terapéutica de la genética con la adopción de políticas que reflejen los valores sociales, ha demostrado ser una tarea formidable para los países latinoamericanos. Este ensayo presenta algunas reflexiones sobre la política de investigación genética humana en América Latina y explora un camino para el desarrollo de estas políticas.
La bioética global y la ética de la responsabilidad: una mirada fenomenológica a los orígenes y a los desafíos para el futuro
Authors: Lecaros Juan Alberto
Published: March 2018

El artículo muestra como las intuiciones originales que surgen en la fundación de la bioética por Fritz Jahr y Van Resselaer Potter, olvidadas en las primeras etapas de la evolución de la disciplina, vuelven a recuperarse por dos vías que conducen a una necesaria bioética para la era de la globalización. Por un lado, la bioética de Jahr y Potter es posible vincularla con la tradición de las éticas medioambientales y de las éticas de la responsabilidad. Por otro lado, la tradición bioética dominante en las últimas décadas comienza a superarse debido a los crecientes efectos sociales, económicos y medioambientales de la globalización. La recuperación de la concepción fundacional de la bioética de Jahr y Potter es tan sólo un punto de partida para la construcción de una bioética global. A partir de este reconocimiento, el autor propone un marco de principios para una bioética global.
The Effect of Financial Leverage, Employee Stock Ownership Program and Firm Size on Firm Performance of Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Bangun Nurainun , Tjakrawala F.X. Kurniawan , Andani Kurniati W. , Santioso Linda
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to examine and to obtain affected empirical evidence of financial leverage, firm size and employee stock ownership program (ESOP) to firm performance in manufacturing company in Indonesian Stock Exchange on 2013-2015. Independent variables in this research are Financial Leverage (DER), Firm Size and Employee Stock Ownership Program (ESOP). Dependent variables in this research are Return on Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE). The results Showed that the simultaneous test of three independent variables Significantly afftected to the ROA and ROE. The partial tests of Financial Leverage (proxy DER) and Firm Size Significantly affected to ROA and ROE. But, the results Showed that the Employee Stock Ownership Program (ESOP) did not Affect to ROA and ROE.
Financial Contagion and Globalization: Evidence from South Asian Countries
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Usman Sana , Haq Naveed Ul , Laeeq Hood , Raja Ammar Aftab
Published: March 2018

This study investigates the contagion and globalization between the South Asian (Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka) and five largest economies (US, UK, China, Japan and Germany) stock markets. Daily stock returns data from 1st July 1997 to 30th June 2015 consisting of total 4695 observation is analyzed.  DCC GARCH is applied to calculate the conditional correlation coefficients to overcome the issue of heteroscedasticity. Null hypothesis of no globalization got rejected eleven times out of twenty while the hypothesis of no contagion got rejected six times. Further analysis of conditional correlation coefficients confirmed the impact of 9/11 attacks, Subprime mortgage crises and Europeans debt crises on the Indian market. Impact of 9/11 attacks also found on Pakistani and Sri Lankan stock exchanges, while Dhaka stock exchange remained independent of all shocks. In sum, the South Asian stock markets remained isolated from the global shocks except India. Isolation of South Asian stock markets from the global shocks is due to their lower integration with the global markets. This study provides some useful recommendations to the investors and policy makers. Results suggests that Indian stock exchange  get  contagion impact from the major economies, so authorities of India should have to take measure to decouple the market from the global shocks. The markets of Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Pakistan are not properly integrated with global financial system, so the authorities of these countries should have to take proper steps to liberalize the markets. This paper presents the first empirical study on financial contagion and globalization of South Asian countries.
Prievolių vykdymo terminai ir jų pasibaigimo teisiniai padariniai
Authors: Driukas Artūras
Published: March 2018

Quite a few mistakes still occur in the interpretation and application of legal rules which regulate time-limits in law generally and time-limits for the performance of obligations specifically. The detailed analysis of time-limits for the performance of obligations in jurisprudence is lacking. This article examines the meaning of the time-limits for the performance of obligations, their kinds, the ways of defining these time-limits and legal effects of their extinction. Also, it analyses the parties‘ choices as regards the remedies in the case of breaches of obligations with a term and, finally, the meaning of additional time-limits and the period of grace. The analysis is extensively supported by the case-law which assists in the disclosure of the issues related to the time-limits for the performance of obligations.
Teen Pregnancy Risk Factors Among Young Women of Diverse Sexual Orientations
Authors: Charlton Brittany M. , Roberts Andrea L. , Rosario Margaret , Katz-Wise Sabra L. , Calzo Jerel P. , Spiegelman Donna , Austin S. Bryn
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVES:

Young women who are sexual minorities (eg, bisexual and lesbian) are approximately twice as likely as those who are heterosexual to have a teen pregnancy. Therefore, we hypothesized that risk factors for teen pregnancy would vary across sexual orientation groups and that other potential risk factors exist that are unique to sexual minorities.

METHODS:

We used multivariable log-binomial models gathered from 7120 young women in the longitudinal cohort known as the Growing Up Today Study to examine the following potential teen pregnancy risk factors: childhood maltreatment, bullying victimization and perpetration, and gender nonconformity. Among sexual minorities, we also examined the following: sexual minority developmental milestones, sexual orientation–related stress, sexual minority outness, and lesbian, gay, and bisexual social activity involvement.

RESULTS:

Childhood maltreatment and bullying were significant teen pregnancy risk factors among all participants. After adjusting for childhood maltreatment and bullying, the sexual orientation–related teen pregnancy disparities were attenuated; these risk factors explained 45% of the disparity. Among sexual minorities, reaching sexual minority developmental milestones earlier was also associated with an increased teen pregnancy risk.

CONCLUSIONS:

The higher teen pregnancy prevalence among sexual minorities compared with heterosexuals in this cohort was partially explained by childhood maltreatment and bullying, which may, in part, stem from sexual orientation–related discrimination. Teen pregnancy prevention efforts that are focused on risk factors more common among young women who are sexual minorities (eg, childhood maltreatment, bullying) can help to reduce the existing sexual orientation–related teen pregnancy disparity.
Predicting Teen Dating Violence Perpetration
Authors: Cohen Joseph R. , Shorey Ryan C. , Menon Suvarna V. , Temple Jeff R.
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVES:

With our study we aimed to (1) understand what factors uniquely conferred risk for physical and sexual forms of teen dating violence (TDV) perpetration and (2) create a screening algorithm to quantify perpetration risk on the basis of these factors.

METHODS:

A total of 1031 diverse public high school students living in Southeast Texas participated in our study (56% female; 29% African American, 28% white, and 31% Hispanic). Self-report measures concerning TDV and associated risk factors were completed annually for 6 years.

RESULTS:

Results suggested that family violence (domestic violence exposure, maltreatment) together with deficits in conflict resolution incrementally improved our forecasts above and beyond lifetime history of physical TDV perpetration (net reclassification improvement = 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30–0.59). Meanwhile, a violent dating history (TDV sexual perpetration, sexual victimization, and emotional perpetration) and acceptance of TDV incrementally improved our models for forecasting sexual forms of perpetration (net reclassification improvement = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.24–0.58). These models adequately discriminated between future perpetrators and nonoffenders (area under the curve statistic >0.70; 95% CI: 0.69–0.74). Overall, adolescents with positive test results on our algorithms were over twice as likely to perpetrate dating violence over the course of 6 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study represents one of the first applications of reclassification analyses to psychosocial research in a pediatric population. The result is a theoretically informed, empirically based algorithm that can adequately estimate the likelihood of physical and sexual TDV perpetration during vulnerable developmental periods. These findings can immediately aid emerging preventive initiatives for this increasing public health concern.
Common surface defects in asphalt road pavements and unexpected causes
Authors: Rolt John , Otto Andrew , Endale Alemayehu Ayele
Published: March 2018

Correct interpretation of the cause or causes of defects and deterioration of road pavements is important for the selection of the most appropriate maintenance or repair strategies and for the design of new pavements. However, identifying the cause of pavement defects is not as simple as merely looking for aspects of specifications that have not been fully met. The cause of failures is often attributed to a number of factors, one of which, if absent, would not necessarily result in any defects. This paper describes and analyses three case studies where three different mechanisms have caused the deterioration of both asphalt concrete and double chip sealed surfacings. The first mechanism is the peculiar formation of potholes below certain structures and trees, which can result in large-scale ravelling and potholing on certain road categories. The second mechanism is an unusual cause of the flushing of bitumen on both types of surfacing. The third mechanism results in the formation of potholes at roundabouts in tropical countries. The paper concludes by recommending the appropriate maintenance measures for the cause of each defect and appropriate designs to minimise the likelihood of their occurrence.
Çukurova’da Yeşilkurt [Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)]’un birinci dölünün pamukta meydana getirdiği zarar durumunun belirlenmesi
Authors: Özgür Okan , Aktura Tatlı Tülay , Güneş Mahmut
Published: March 2018

Çukurova’da pamuğun önemli zararlılarından biri de
Yeşilkurttur. Çok sayıda doğal düşmanı olan ve mücadelesinde fazla kimyasalın
kullanıldığı bu zararlı için, ülkemizde yapılmış bir ekonomik zarar eşiği
çalışması yoktur. Bu amaçla çalışma, 2004 ve 2005 yıllarında Çukurova Tarımsal
Araştırma Enstitüsü deneme alanlarında kontrollü şartlarda tülle kapatılmış
kafeslerde yürütülmüştür. Kafeslere salım yapma amacıyla laboratuvarda
Yeşilkurtun birinci dönem larva üretimi yapılmıştır. Beş larva yoğunluğu (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 larva) ile uygulama yapılmayan
kontrolden (0 larva) oluşan 3 metrelik pamuk sırası üzerindeki deneme
kafesleri, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine uygun olarak 4 tekerrürlü olarak
kurulmuştur. Dökülen tarak sayısı ve larva yoğunlukları arasında pozitif
önemli bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca larvaların oluşturduğu ekonomik
zarar incelenmiştir. Her iki yılda da kafeslere bırakılan larva sayısı arttıkça
ürün kaybı da artmış, aralarında yüksek derecede doğrusal olan pozitif
ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Elde edilen denkleme göre 2004 yılında ilaçlama
maliyetini karşılayan larva sayısı 2.37 larva/3 metre ve 2005 yılında 1.56
larva/3 metredir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, teknik talimatta ilaçlama
için verilen 2 larva/3 metre değerine oldukça yakın olarak bulunmuştur. Diğer
ülkelerde yapılan çalışmalarda bulunan sonuçlar ve pamuk bitkisinin erken
dönemdeki tarak zararını telafi etme gücü dikkate alındığında bu eşiğin
muhafaza edilebileceği kanısına varılmıştır.
Mardin ili bağ alanlarındaki Thysanoptera (thrips) türlerinin popülasyon değişimlerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Kaplan Mehmet , Bayhan Erol
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışma, Mardin ili bağ
alanlarında bulunan Thysanoptera türlerinin popülasyon değişimlerini belirlemek
amacıyla 2012-2013 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Bağ plantasyonlarındaki thrips
türlerinin popülasyon değişiminin belirlenmesinde, görsel yapışkan tuzak ve
darbe yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalar mart ve kasım ayları arasında bir
ilçede iki bağda bitki fenolojisine bağlı olarak haftalık yapılmıştır. Zararlı
thrips türlerinin nisan ayında ilk olarak doğada görüldüğü, mayıs ve haziran
aylarında bağlar fenolojik olarak çiçeklenme ve tomurcuklanma döneminde iken en
yüksek yoğunluk ve zararını oluşturduğu tesbit edilmiştir.
Gestión de calidad de leche de pequeños y medianos ganaderos de centros de acopio y queserías artesanales, para la mejora continua. caso de estudio: Carchi, Ecuador
Authors: De la Cruz Eloy Guillermo , Simbaña Díaz Paola , Bonifaz Nancy
Published: March 2018

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el seguimiento de las buenas prácticas pecuarias de pequeños y medianos productores de leche de la provincia del Carchi, con un proyecto de vinculación bajo convenio interinstitucional entre la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Fundación Alpinay el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Provincial del Carchi(GADPC). Se realizó dos muestreos a 630 unidades productivas para determinar la calidad higiénica, sanitaria y físico química de la leche. Con los resultados de la primera fase se realizó una intervención técnica a los productores mediante visitas de campo, charlas y asesoramiento técnico para el diagnóstico de la mastitis y calidad integral de la leche. En la siguiente fase del proyecto se procedió a realizar la segunda toma de muestras donde se aplicaron las pruebas de laboratorio como pH, crioscopía, lactofermentación y reductasa.Los resultados más relevantes del estudio fueron; en cuanto a calidad composicion al más del 90% de los productores cumplen la norma NTEINEN9 para leche cruda; se observó también que el 6.3% de los ganaderos mejoraron en la calidad higiénica con conteos bacterianos <600.000 IBC/ml; en la calidad sanitaria no hubo una mejora en la reducción del contenidos de células somáticas.
Procesos de jerarquización en secundarias universitarias en Argentina
Authors: Di Piero Emilia
Published: March 2018

This paper analyzes processes of legitimization of socio-educational inequalities in secondary schools fo-cusing on the production of asymmetries based on the affirmation of distances with respect to “the others” in prestigious institutions dependent on a National University in Argentina. The methodological approach was based on a multiple case study. Between 2012 and 2016 were made observations, documentary analy-sis, 13 in-depth interviews with “key” actors and 67 semi-structured interviews with teachers. The results show multiple and overlapping processes of “self-legitimization by distancing”: the “others” are the de-pendent schools of the Province of Buenos Aires, the private schools, the other undergraduate schools or the other specialty. Borders are mobile: a work of hierarchy consolidates these schools into an elite place.
Human Trajectory Sampling at the City-Day Scale v3
Authors: JRBP Palmer John
Published: March 2018

This is a protocol for sampling peoplein order to understandpatterns of mobility and activity-space segregation at the scale of city-days. The goal is to obtain a representative sample of the space-time paths that exist in a given city. Sampling points and times are choosen and then used to recruit participants. If participants consent to be part of the study, they (1) respond anonymously to a survey about their activity-spaces, and/or (2) use a mobile phone application to track themselves during a 1-week period and share their anonymized trajectory information with the research team.Thisprotocol has been developedthanks to funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 657956.
Investigando a robustez de uma metodologia para determinação do valor de base da frequência fundamental
Authors: Arantes Pablo , Linhares Maria Érica do Nascimento
Published: March 2018

Resumo: Este trabalho testa a robustez de uma metodologia proposta pelos foneticistas suecos Traunmüller e Eriksson para determinar o valor de base, um estimador estatístico do valor típico da frequência fundamental (F0) de um falante com base na média e no desvio-padrão da F0. A metodologia consiste em estimar uma constante, k, que indica quantos desvios-padrão abaixo da média de F0 do falante o valor de base está. O método para estimar a constante foi criado e testado em amostras de fala atuada. Verificamos neste trabalho se a aplicação da mesma técnica a amostras de fala não atuada produz resultados comparáveis aos reportados por Traunmüller e Eriksson. A investigação usou amostras de fala produzidas por falantes nativos de alemão, estoniano, francês, inglês britânico, italiano, português brasileiro e sueco, em três estilos de elocução: entrevista, leitura de frases e leitura de palavras. Os resultados indicam que a variabilidade causada pelos estilos de enunciação na F0 possibilita a aplicação da metodologia a amostras de fala não atuada. Os valores da constante derivados dos dados não atuados são próximos aos reportados pelos autores suecos, o que indica que ela é robusta tanto do ponto de vista dos falantes quanto das línguas.Palavras-chave: entoação; valor de base; frequência fundamental. Abstract: This paper probes the robustness of Traunmüller and Eriksson’s methodology to determine the base value of the fundamental frequency of speech, an estimator of a speaker’s typical F0 value. The methodology entails the estimation of a constant, k, indicating where the base value for a speaker lies in relation to F0 standard deviations below the F0 mean. The methodology was originally developed from acted speech samples. Here we test if k values can be successfully obtained from non-acted samples and how they compare to the ones reported by Traunmüller and Eriksson. A speech corpus of speech samples differing in speaking styles (spontaneous interview, sentence reading,  word list reading) from seven languages (English, Estonian, French, German, Italian, Brazilian Portuguese, Swedish) was used. Results show that k values estimated from non-acted speech are roughly the same as those reported in Traunmüller and Eriksson’s original paper. We speculate that deviations can be explained by the fact that some speakers make extensive use of non-modal register.Keywords: intonation; base value; fundamental frequency.
Lexicografía y combinaciones léxicas: presencia de las colocaciones verbo + sustantivoCD en diccionarios monolingües de inglés, francés y español
Authors: Martos García Paula
Published: March 2018

En este artículo se analiza el tratamiento lexicográfico recibido por las colocaciones en distintos diccionarios de las lenguas inglesa, francesa y española. Nos hemos servido de obras de carácter sincrónico y diacrónico. Las primeras son el Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary, Le Petit Robert: Dictionnaire alphabétique et analogique de la langue française, el Diccionario de la Real Academia y el Diccionario de Uso del Español de María Moliner. Los compendios históricos son el Oxford English Dictionary, el Trésor de la langue française: dictionnaire de la langue du XIXe et du XXe siècle (1789-1960) y el Diccionario Histórico de la Lengua Española (1960-1966). Concretamente, hemos seleccionado seis construcciones con la estructura verbo + sustantivo en función de complemento directo: pay attention, make mistake, faire attention, commetre erreur, prestar atención y cometer error. A partir del análisis, ofrecemos una serie de conclusiones en relación con la introducción de las colocaciones en estas obras
A Brief History of Education in the United States: An Interview with Alan Singer
Authors: Shaughnessy Michael F. , Code Greg
Published: March 2018

In this interview, Alan Singer provides a comprehensive review of the field of American education. He discusses it's beginnings and current concerns. He responds to questions about school reform and educational issues. 
Antidefacement
Authors: Urcuqui Christian Camilo , Peña Melisa García , Osorio Quintero José Luis , Navarro Cadavid Andrés
Published: March 2018

Internet connects around three billions of users worldwide, a number increasing every day. Thanks to this technology, people, companies and devices perform several tasks, such as information broadcasting through websites. Because of the large volumes of sensitive information and the lack of security in the websites, the number of attacks on these applications has been increasing significantly. Attacks on websites have different purposes, one of these is the introduction of unauthorized modifications (defacement). Defacement is an issue which involves impacts on both, system users and company image, thus, the researchers community has been working on solutions to reduce security risks. This paper presents an introduction to the state of the art about techniques, methodologies and solutions proposed by both, the researchers community and the computer security industry.
Options valuation analysis of the shares of Ecopetrol and Pacific Exploration between June 2013 and July 2016
Authors: Cangrejo Álvaro Javier , Cortés Christian Camilo
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we analyze the environment and the dynamics of the Black-Scholes model starting from a stochastic differential equation that explains the evolution of the future prices of an asset. With these defined guidelines, the data obtained by the daily closing prices between June 2013 and June 2016 of the shares of Ecopetrol and Pacific Exploration are normalized, by means of a Box-Cox transformation, to determine the volatility of each of them and apply this model to calculate the value of the asset with fixed time, and thus determine which of the two oil companies have a lower risk at the time of investing.
Telemedicine system based on ECG signals and in the TCP/IP protocol using a sparse space
Authors: Tuay Wilmar , Mendoza Luis , Jaimes Cerveleón Leonor
Published: March 2018

Telemedicine systems are revolutionizing applications in the health sector, to the point where people are monitored remotely. This article presents a telemedicine system for transmission of electrocardiographic data (ECG) using TCP/IP protocol in real time. The communication system consists of the stage of instrumentation that includes amplifiers and filters. TCP/IP communication system was used to transmit and tele-monitor the subjects. We performed tests with 30 subjects, in addition was determined by the percentage of error of information loss had an average value of 0.25%.
Design and construction of a prototype of an unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with artificial vision for the search of people
Authors: Espinal Rojas Andrés , Arango Espinal Andrés , Ramos Luis , Erazo Aux Jorge Humberto
Published: March 2018

This paper describes the development and implementation of a six-pointed Unmanned Aerial Vehicle [UAV] prototype, designed for finding lost people in hard to access areas, using Arduino MultiWii platform. A platform capable of performing a stable flight to identify people through an on-board camera and an image processing algorithm was developed. Although the use of UAV represents a low cost and quick response –in terms of displacement– solution, capable to prevent or reduce the number of deaths of lost people in away places, also represents a technological challenge, since the recognition of objects from an aerial view is difficult, due to the distance of the UAV to the objective, the UAV’s position and its constant movement. The solution proposed implements an aerial device that performs the image capture, wireless transmission and image processing while it is in a controlled and stable flight.
A benchmarking of the efficiency of supervised ML algorithms in the NFV traffic classification
Authors: Vergara Reyes Juliana Alejandra , Martínez Ordoñez María Camila , Caicedo Rendón Oscar Mauricio
Published: March 2018

The implementation of NFV allows improving the flexibility, efficiency, and manageability of networks by leveraging virtualization and cloud computing technologies to deploy computer networks. The implementation of autonomic management and supervised algorithms from Machine Learning [ML] become a key strategy to manage this hidden traffic. In this work, we focus on analyzing the traffic features of NFV-based networks while performing a benchmarking of the behavior of supervised ML algorithms, namely J48, Naïve Bayes, and Bayes Net, in the IP traffic classification regarding their efficiency; considering that such an efficiency is related to the trade-off between time-response and precision. We used two test scenarios (an NFV-based SDN and an NFV-based LTE EPC). The benchmarking results reveal that the Naïve Bayes and Bayes Net algorithms achieve the best performance in traffic classification. In particular, their performance corroborates a good trade-off between precision and time-response, with precision values higher than 80 % and 96 %, respectively, in times less than 1,5 sec.
MANET: Advantages, challenges and applications for education
Authors: Bernal María Alejandra , Cortés Wilfer Sneyder , Leguizamón Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2018

Presently, telecommunications are key for several human activities. However, there are some places where their use is not possible because of the absence of the required infrastructure: antennas, routers and switches. The Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks [MANET] has become a key tool for wireless networks because of its two major advantages: they do not depending on infrastructure and offers complete mobility. This paper aims to show their development; introduce their basic concepts, features, advantages, challenges and operation modes; and present how it can be useful, emphasizing in day to day activities, as education.
Implementation of an OBD-II diagnostics tool over CAN-BUS with Arduino
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Armando , Vento Álvarez José Raúl , Inouye Rodriguez Ricardo
Published: March 2018

Since its beginnings, the goal of On Board Diagnostics [OBD] standard has been to take control over gasses emission  in automotives and its effects in the environment. This project implements a system based on OBD-II diagnostic protocol over a CAN bus, which allows both, displaying real time variables and diagnostic the vehicle status to get codes about its functioning, failures and energy efficiency. On board diagnostic systems allow to obtain failure codes stored and several relevant variables as: speed, gas level and CO2 emission levels, in real time. An OBD-II system centered at the end of the bus, corresponding to the scanner or diagnostic unit, was implemented on an Arduino Mega 2560 board connected to a CAN transceiver-controller composite module. The scanner has a USB connection that makes it easy to view the data recovered in a versatile way on a PC through a graphical interface created in LabVIEW ™.
Acute myocardial infarction associated with the induction of general anesthesia
Authors: Küçük Murathan , Korucuk Necmettin , Tosun Veysel , Ertuğrul Fatma , Yıldırım Aytül Belgi
Published: March 2018

Perioperative acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) is the most common cause of postoperative morbidity and
mortality. It is a rare but important and fatal complication. Recognizing this
situation may be difficult due to the influence of general anesthesia. Early
diagnosis and treatment can decrease the morbidity and mortality of this fatal
complication. In this case we present a 56-year-old female planned nephrectomy.
After induction of general anesthesia acute inferoposterior myocardial
infarction occurred and coronary angiograhy showed the proximal portion of the
circumflex coronary artery (Cx) was occluded by thrombus, the left anterior
descending coronary artery and the right coronary artery were plaque.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and the stenting resulted in
successful dilatation of the Cx and she was discharged at the fifth day of
intervention without any complication.
La gestión educativa mirada desde otras experiencias
Authors: Jabif Liliana
Published: March 2018

Voy a utilizar este espacio para comentar algunos aspectos de las múltiples acepciones que encierra el término de gestión educativa a partir de una experiencia que viví en Suecia mientras realizaba estudios en la Universidad de Lund y trabajaba en el sistema educativo del mencionado municipio. Quisiera compartir uno de los ejes de problemas que caracterizan la situación de la educación en América Latina en general, del cual no escapa nuestro país, y que está vinculado con aspectos de gestión educativa. Me voy a referir a lo que tantas veces ha mencionado Tedesco: la escasa permeabilidad a la innovación y a la apertura que presentan los sistemas educativos de los países de la región, frente a la necesidad de desarrollar los cambios que exige un mundo altamente tecnificado y globalizado, en donde la renovación de las ideas y de las prácticas de dirección deberían constituir claves estratégicas.
Cultura institucional: aspectos y estrategias a trabajar
Authors: Cruz Cárdenas Ruth E.
Published: March 2018

Antes de abordar el tema, queremos poner el énfasis en la necesidad de entender que cuando estamos preocupados por la gestión, cuando deseamos actualizarla y mejorarla, cuando queremos innovar a través de ella, estamos iniciando un proceso que no se acaba en la incorporación de conocimientos, de técnicas, de un léxico determinado, de algunas acciones, en el marco de ciertos enfoques o concepciones acerca del centro educativo.Se trata de comprender nuestra acción en el marco de un paradigma diferente al que ha sido dominante hasta el momento. Paradigma que ha sido en el cual nos hemos educado, como escolares, y en los centros de formación docente. A nuestra historia profesional y personal está integrada una racionalidad, una lógica que se sustenta en nuestras vivencias y valores, en nuestras creencias y prioridades. Es preciso construir un referente que oriente nuestro pensamiento y nuestra acción, que promueva una gestión distinta: por ahí debiera ir nuestro mayor esfuerzo.Por eso es necesario situarnos en un nuevo paradigma, en una racionalidad, en una lógica distinta, que es preciso construir para cambiar realmente. Como ha expresado Aguerrondo, las acciones innovadoras son cambios realmente, cuando están orientadas e impactan en los aspectos estructurales. En este proceso de cambio, nuestro esfuerzo se orienta a modificar, en primer lugar, nuestro concepto de institución.
The influence of gut microbiome on developing immune and metabolic systems in the young pig
Authors:   University of Bristol, UK, Bailey Mick , Porter Emily ,   University of Bristol, UK, Francis Ore ,   University of Bristol, UK
Published: March 2018

The immune and metabolic systems of young piglets develop after birth, and the rate and type of development are strongly associated with the rate and type of colonisation of the intestine with bacteria. This chapter describes the enteric and mucosal immune systems of pigs and presents evidence from experimental studies of the links between the immune system and microbiota. The chapter describes the microbiome and metabolism of pigs and highlights its importance in the development of pig immune systems.
Welfare of gilts and pregnant sows
Authors:   Newcastle University, UK, Edwards Sandra
Published: March 2018

Mismatches between the evolutionary biology of the sow and current commercial production systems give rise to welfare challenges of stereotyped behaviour development in confined systems and aggression in group housing systems. This chapter describes the welfare issues associated with individual confinement systems and examines the nature and significance of stereotyped behaviour in gestating sows. The chapter addresses the issue of hunger in the pregnant sow and drivers to adopt group housing systems for pregnant sows. The chapter has a particular focus on the importance of social organisation in sows and looks in detail at the relationship between aggression in stable groups and the method of feed provision available. Finally, the chapter examines sows in extensive systems and looks ahead to future research trends in this area, providing extensive suggestions for further reading.
Welfare of weaned piglets
Authors:   Texas Tech University, USA, Garcia Arlene , McGlone John J. ,   Texas Tech University, USA
Published: March 2018

Demands for improved animal welfare and animal handling systems from governments, non-government organizations and consumers are increasing. The weaning period in pork production has particular potential to positively impact animals. This chapter focuses on current practices that can be detrimental to piglet well-being, improvements to these practices, and advances in technology that could improve animal well-being, profitability and sustainability.
Welfare of pigs during finishing
Authors:   Writtle University College, UK, Amory Jonathan , Wainwright Nina ,   British Pig Executive (BPEX), UK
Published: March 2018

Finisher pigs, those of a post-weaning age kept for slaughter, make up the majority of the world pig population of approximately 1 billion. The intensive production system for post-weaned pigs is characterised by higher animal density, larger farms, use of concentrated foods and control of the production environment, particularly temperature, humidity and lighting. This chapter explores the relationship between nutrition management and the welfare of finishing pigs and the links between physical and social environment and welfare of finisher pigs. The chapter addresses the importance of environmental enrichment and ways to avoid tail-biting behaviour. Finally, the chapter describes methods of practical welfare assessment of finisher pigs and looks ahead to future research trends in this area.
Transport and lairage of pigs
Authors:   North Dakota State University, USA, Young Jennifer M.
Published: March 2018

Defects in meat quality cost the swine industry millions of dollars each year. Reduction in stress prior to slaughter can help alleviate these costs. This chapter describes the main events that may contribute to pre-slaughter stress and their impacts on animal welfare and pork quality, from on-farm loading facilities and handling to transportation, lairage and handling at the slaughter facility. The chapter evaluates the effects of different pre-slaughter events on animal welfare and pork quality, and describes what producers, truck drivers and slaughter facilities need to do in order to mitigate these factors.
Influence of adhesive and bonding material on the bond strength of bracket to bovine tooth
Authors: Oliveira Bruna Lorena dos Santos , Costa Ana Rosa , Correr Américo Bortolazzo , Crepaldi Marcus Vinicius , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço , Santos Julio Cesar Bento dos
Published: March 2018

Aim: To evaluate, in vitro, the effect of adhesive and bonding materials on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic brackets bonded to bovine teeth. Methods: Bovine teeth were embedded with acrylic resin, etched with 35% phosphoric acid for 20 s, rinsed, dried for 20 s and divided into 8 groups (n=20), according to the bonding materials and adhesive: Groups 1 and 5 – Transbond XT; Groups 2 and 6 – Fill Magic; Groups 3 and 7 – Biofix; and, Groups 4 and 8 – Orthocem. One layer of adhesive 3 M Unitek (Group 1), and one layer of Single Bond Universal Adhesive (Groups 2, 3 and 4) were applied and light-cured with LED for 10 s. Brackets were bonded to the buccal surface with four bonding materials and light-cured with LED for 40 s. SBS was carried out after 24 h and thermocycling (7,000 cycles - 5°/55 °C). Data were submitted to two way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test (α=0.05). The Adhesive Remaining Index (ARI) was evaluated at 8×. Results: The adhesive was effective in increasing the SBS for all bonding materials (p<0.05). Significant difference (p<0.05) on the SBS was observed between bonding materials with or without adhesive. The ARI showed a predominance of scores 0 for all groups. Conclusions: The adhesive improved significantly the SBS of the brackets to teeth. Different SBS values occurred among the bonding materials. ARI index showed predominance of score 0 for all groups.
Sex estimation in brazilian sample: qualitative or quantitative methodology?
Authors: Ulbricht Viviane , Schmidt Cristiane Martins , Groppo Francisco Carlos , Daruge Júnior Eduardo , Queluz Dagmar de Paula , Francesquini Júnior Luiz
Published: March 2018

Aim: This study carried out cranial measurements (in mm) [Zygion-Zygion (Zy-Zy); Zygion-Glabella-right side (Zy-Ga-right); Zygion-Glabella-left side (Zy-Ga-left); Zygion-Glabella-mean (Zy-Ga-mean); Rhinion-Anterior Nasal Spine (Rhi-ANS); Nasal Width (Na Wid); Nasion-Anterior Nasal Spine (Na-ANS); Glabella-Anterior Nasal Spine (Ga-ANS); Glabella-Prosthion (Ga-Pr)], to verify whether they are dimorphic. Methods: We used skulls from the Eduardo Daruge Laboratory of Forensic Physical Anthropometry, which did not present growth abnormalities and belonged to the age range of 18 to 100 years. Linear measurements were performed by digital caliper, properly calibrated. Inter and intra-calibrator calibration was performed by obtaining as result the value of 0.98 (considered excellent). Results: We found that all measures carried out are dimorphic, and we were able to create a logistic regression model (logit: Sex = −33.6 + (0.15 × Zy-Zy) + (0.21 × Rhi-ANS) + (0.16 × Na-ANS)) to estimation the sex. Conclusions: We concluded that the developed quantitative method results in 85.2% sensitivity, 76.2% specificity, and 81.1% accuracy, being, therefore, more effective in the prediction of sex than the mere random hit.