bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Internet Cloud Platform To Characterize Neurosurgical Patients in an Emergency Hospital Admission Setting: Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Xiangkui , Li Xiangkui
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Neurosurgical patients are admitted to hospital via emergency department admissions is common; however, studies designed to describe their features are not available.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of patients admitted to the neurosurgery department in an emergency manner by using medical big data integration and application platform (internet cloud platform).

METHODS

We derived data from the internet cloud platform of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. The data of consecutive patients admitted to the department of neurosurgery as emergency admissions in a non-profit tertiary care university hospital was collected. Data on demographic information, clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected and evaluated through the platform. Patients were stratified into five disease groups (vascular disease, trauma, oncology, spine and others) according to their main diagnoses at the time of admission.

RESULTS

A total of 4,149 cases (median age 52 years, 54.5% male) were identified in this study. Vascular disease was the most common reason for emergency admission (73.5%). Significant differences were found among the five disease groups in sex (P<.001), age (P<.001), surgery (P<.001) and season (P=.009) but not in the length of stay (P=.784). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified male sex, older age, short length of stay, surgery not performed and disease type (particularly trauma) as independently associated with in-hospital mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

By using internet cloud platform, we identified significant demographic and clinical differences among neurosurgical patients admitted to the neurosurgery department as an emergency. These findings may assist health care practitioners in shifting tasks and clinical resources toward those patients who may benefit from particular intervention approaches.
Hasil Positif Palsu dan Negatif Palsu pada Pemeriksaan Cepat Antibodi SARS CoV-2
Authors: Naully Patricia Gita , Nursidika Perdina
Published: May 2021

Latar Belakang: Salah satu cara yang dilakukan Indonesia untuk mengendalikan dan mencegah penularan SARS CoV-2 sebagai penyebab COVID-19 adalah dengan menyediakan kit pemeriksaan cepat anti-SARS CoV-2. Metode pemeriksaan tersebut dapat mengatasi keterbatasan tenaga ahli dan alat laboratorium di Indonesia. Tujuan: Menentukan hasil pemeriksaan cepat anti-SARS CoV-2 pada masyarakat di Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah.Metode: Sebanyak 50 orang diambil sebagai sampel penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik quota sampling. Pemeriksaan cepat anti-SARS CoV-2 dilakukan dengan menggunakan imunokromatografi merek Lungene. Sampel penelitian yang reaktif diperiksa kembali dengan metode Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan dengan imunokromatografi, terdapat satu orang (2%) anti-     SARS CoV-2 IgM reaktif dan tiga orang (6%) anti-SARS CoV-2 IgG reaktif. Pemeriksaan dengan qRT-PCR menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda. Keempat orang tersebut dinyatakan negatif COVID-19. Selain itu, satu orang (2%) yang mendapatkan hasil non-reaktif pada pemeriksaan cepat justru dinyatakan positif terinfeksi SARS CoV-2.Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan cepat anti-SARS CoV-2 yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Cimahi Tengah kurang akurat karena terdapat empat (8%) hasil positif palsu dan satu (2%) hasil negatif palsu.
Implementasi Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) berbasis dalam Jaringan selama Pandemi Coronavirus Disease-19
Authors: Herlambang Penggalih Mahardika , Yana Dian Rudy , Riambodo Rido Muid , Sudaryanto Sudaryanto
Published: May 2021

Latar Belakang: Kebijakan Study from Home (SfH) dan Work from Home (WfH) selama pandemi Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19) berdampak pada proses pendidikan mahasiswa kedokteran, salah satunya dalam penyelenggaraan evaluasi keterampilan klinis atau Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Diperlukan sebuah model OSCE berbasis dalam jaringan (daring) agar uji kompetensi tetap berjalan dengan optimal.Tujuan: Mengembangkan model OSCE berbasis daring yang disesuaikan pada kondisi pandemi Covid-19.Metode: Metode observasional deskriptif digunakan melalui dua tahapan. Tahapan pertama meliputi proses pelaksanaan OSCE berbasis daring. Tahap kedua adalah evaluasi pelaksanaan melalui survei kuesioner online kepada 149 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Wahid Hasyim yang mengikuti OSCE berbasis daring  pada periode Agustus 2020.Hasil: Proses pelaksanaan OSCE berbasis daring meliputi tahap pra-OSCE, OSCE, dan pasca-OSCE. Pada evaluasi selama  pra-OSCE, 79,5% mahasiswa menyebutkan bahwa sarana telah dipersiapkan dengan baik dan 46,1% menyebutkan bahwa informasi yang disampaikan saat technical meeting jelas. Pada tahap pelaksanaan,  91,3% mahasiswa  menyebutkan soal OSCE jelas, 65,9% memiliki koneksi internet dan komunikasi berjalan lancar, 53% menyebutkan dukungan technical support baik, dan 88% menyatakan waktu pengerjaan cukup.Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan OSCE berbasis daring dapat diimplementasikan. Meskipun demikian, dukungan teknis dan persiapan yang matang diperlukan sehingga dalam pelaksanaannya tetap berlangsung secara efektif.
LEITURAS POÉTICAS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA SUBJETIVIDADE DOS ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Neves Cynthia Agra de Brito
Published: May 2021

Este artigo analisa práticas de leitura de poesias em voz alta em salas de aula do ensino médio no Brasil e na França. Ao se deixarem tocar pelas leituras poéticas, os alunos (re)encontram sua posição de sujeito, sua dignidade, sua condição humana, sua cidadania, um trabalho quase psicanalítico na (re)construção de si. Enfim, os alunos-leitores de poesias, ao (se)lerem, (se)dizerem, (se) escreverem, colocam-se no mundo.
FÁBULAS DOMESTICADAS: O PAPEL POLÍTICO E MORAL DA ESCOLA NAS ADAPTAÇÕES DIDÁTICAS DO TEXTO LITERÁRIO
Authors: Amparo Flávia Vieira da Silva do
Published: May 2021

De que maneira as fábulas de autores como Esopo e La Fontaine foram sofrendo adaptações no decorrer do tempo até se configurarem como modelo moralizante para crianças nos manuais didáticos do séc. XIX? Esse trabalho pretende analisar o processo de adaptação da fábula para fins didáticos e a obra ‘O filho do elefante”, de Kipling, como uma forma de refletir sobre as tensões da criança diante da temática da violência e do autoritarismo do universo adulto.
TRADIÇÃO REVISITADA: T. S. ELIOT E O CASO JOHN DONNE
Authors: Cechinel André
Published: May 2021

A partir da noção de ‘dissociação da sensibilidade”, exposta por T. S. Eliot no ensaio ‘Os poetas metafísicos” [‘The Metaphysical Poets”], de 1921, este artigo busca discutir o modo como o poeta desloca as posições ocupadas por John Milton e John Donne no cânone literário inglês por meio de um argumento que defende a necessidade de aliar o ‘talento individual” à tradição passada.
Leitura, recepção e construções significantes em textos de escritoras negras
Authors: Souza Taise Campos dos Santos Pinheiro de
Published: May 2021

O seguinte trabalho reflete sobre a importância do suÂ­jeito leitor na esfera da produção literária, a partir de autores como Jauss (1979), Eagleton (2006), Orlandi (2006), entre outros. Aliando a teoria à análise de textos das escritoras negras, Fátima Trinchão, Jocelia Fonseca, Mel Adún e Rita Santana, observamos como a leitura, por uma perspectiva cultural, significada pelos eixos do gênero e da raça, pode produzir efeitos significativos na construção social do sujeito leitor.
Minha mãe é belíssima: o elogio excessivo como estratégia de (im)polidez em negociação no contato intercultural entre duas estudantes de português brasileiro como segunda língua
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo Albuquerque
Published: May 2021

Neste estudo, propomos analisar, à luz da sociolinguístiÂ­ca interacional e da pragmática, como o elogio excessivo é avaliado pelos alunos falantes de espanhol no contexto de ensino de português brasileiro como segunda língua. Constatamos nos dados analisados que a participante Nora, ao contrário de Flora, avaliou positivamente o uso do elogio (desejava cumprir com a atividade pedagógica designada e destacar os atributos positivos da mãe).
Apresentação
Authors: Savedra Mônica Maria Guimarães , Pereira Telma Cristina de Almeida Silva
Published: May 2021

Apresentação ao número 53 dos Cadernos de Letras da UFF.
Origin Storytelling in Faculty Well-being: A Pilot Study
Authors: Nutting Ruth , Nilsen Kari , Walling Anne , Level Elaine
Published: May 2021

Background and Objectives: In 2020, approximately 47% of family physicians reported burnout. For physicians, professional burnout is implicated in damage to relationships, increased rates of alcohol and/or substance abuse, depression, and suicide. Professional isolation can be a major contributor to burnout. Organizational interventions targeted at promoting workplace community and collegiality have been effective in decreasing professional isolation. This study sought to decrease professional isolation and promote collegiality among family medicine faculty through an origin storytelling group. 
Methods: Family medicine faculty of a residency program in the Midwestern United States were invited to participate in an 8-week origin storytelling group. At the end of the study, individual interviews were offered for participants to reflect on the perceived impact of the process. Additionally, 1 year poststudy, open-ended email responses were invited to assess lasting effects of collegiality.  
Results: Fifty percent (12/24) of eligible faculty members participated in the study. Participants who completed one-on-one structured interviews shared their perspectives of the study, which allowed for the importance of the study and next directions to be identified. One-year postcompletion of the study, participants described continued changes they experienced from these groups, via open-ended, email response. 
Conclusion: Storytelling groups can provide acceptable, valuable, and easily-implemented contributions to initiatives that enhance physician faculty well-being.
Community security is the key to sustainable governance: Methods and functions of crime hotspot predictions
Authors: Wang Tien-Chin , Lee Bi-Chao
Published: May 2021

Forecasting is becoming increasingly important in corporate sustainability governance, as is government governance, and the prediction of police crime hotspots is related to human rights, so transparency is needed. There are many ways to predict hotspots of criminal activity in urban areas. Experts assume that if many crimes occur somewhere, even more, are likely to happen at subsequent times. Such predictions may rely on a state dependency model such as the Poisson distribution algorithm to formulate re-occurrence, its results can provide a visualized hotspot map with Q-GIS maps. Forecasting sets the threshold for re-occurrence and affects the distribution of the forecast. This paper studies the occurrence of criminal activity in urban areas, refers to the metrics set by the NIJ’s crime prediction contest and focuses on the presentation of the results by accumulating different historical data. It was determined that when the amount of cumulative data is greater, its prediction measures by the prediction accuracy index (PAI) insures that accuracy is improved, but the prediction efficiency index (PEI) that efficiency level is worse. Because threshold setting directly affects the performance of the forecast, it can be used differently. Here sets four different indicators, hit rate, useful rate, waste rate, and missing rate. It was determined that the hit rate, missing rate, the PAI value, and the PEI value are directly proportional to the threshold value, while the trend of useful rate and waste rate are inversely related. Concerned policymakers can set different thresholds dependent up the number and budgetary constraints of police forces, and they can work towards achieving crime prevention in urban hotspots. Importantly, Poisson’s approach can be simply implemented with Excel, be conducive to drive by the office practitioner, and elevate the transparency of crime prediction.
COVID-19 IN YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS. PREDICTORS OF POOR OUTCOME AND CLINICAL DIFFERENCES.
Authors: tabernero eva , Ruiz Luis Alberto , España Pedro Pablo , Mendez Raul , Serrano Leyre , Santos Borja , Uranga Ane , Gonzalez Paula , Garcia Patricia , Torres Antoni , Menendez Rosa , Zalacain Rafael
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Young and middle-aged adults are the largest group of patients
infected with SARS-CoV-2 and some of them develop severe disease.
Objective: To investigate clinical manifestations in adults aged 18-65
years hospitalized for COVID-19 and identify predictors of poor outcome.
Secondary objectives: to explore potential differences compared to the
disease in elderly patients and the suitability of the commonly used
community-acquired pneumonia prognostic scales in younger populations.
Methods: Multicenter prospective registry of consecutive patients
hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia aged 18-65 years between March and
May 2020. We considered a composite outcome of “poor outcome”
including intensive care unit admission and/or use of noninvasive
ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure or high flow nasal
cannula oxygen therapies and/or death. Results: We identified 513
patients <65 years of age, from a cohort of 993 patients. 102
had poor outcomes (19.8%) and 3.9% died. 78% and 55% of patients
with poor outcomes were classified as low risk based on CURB and PSI
scores respectively. A multivariate Cox regression model identified six
independent factors associated with poor outcome: heart disease, chest
pain, anosmia, low oxygen saturation, high LDH and lymphocyte count
<800/mL. Conclusions: COVID-19 in younger patients carries
significant morbidity and differs in some respects from this disease the
elderly. Baseline heart disease is a relevant risk factor, while anosmia
and pleuritic pain are more common and protective. Hypoxemia, LDH and
lymphocyte count are predictors of poor outcome. We consider that CURB
and PSI scores are not suitable criteria for deciding admission in this
population.
Deep learning approaches for improving prediction of daily stream temperature in data-scarce, unmonitored, and dammed basins
Authors: Rahmani Farshid , Shen Chaopeng , Oliver Samantha , Lawson Kathryn , Appling Alison
Published: May 2021

Basin-centric long short-term memory (LSTM) network models have recently
been shown to be an exceptionally powerful tool for simulating stream
temperature (Ts, temperature measured in rivers), among other
hydrological variables. However, spatial extrapolation is a well-known
challenge to modeling Ts and it is uncertain how an LSTM-based daily Ts
model will perform in unmonitored or dammed basins. Here we compiled a
new benchmark dataset consisting of >400 basins for across
the contiguous United States in different data availability groups (DAG,
meaning the daily sampling frequency) with or without major dams and
study how to assemble suitable training datasets for predictions in
monitored or unmonitored situations. For temporal generalization,
CONUS-median best root-mean-square error (RMSE) values for sites with
extensive (99%), intermediate (60%), scarce (10%) and absent (0%,
unmonitored) data for training were 0.75, 0.83, 0.88, and 1.59°C,
representing the state of the art. For prediction in unmonitored basins
(PUB), LSTM’s results surpassed those reported in the literature. Even
for unmonitored basins with major reservoirs, we obtained a median RMSE
of 1.492°C and an R2 of 0.966. The most suitable training set was the
matching DAG that the basin could be grouped into, e.g., the 60% DAG
for a basin with 61% data availability. However, for PUB, a training
dataset including all basins with data is preferred. An input-selection
ensemble moderately mitigated attribute overfitting. Our results suggest
there are influential latent processes not sufficiently described by the
inputs (e.g., geology, wetland covers), but temporal fluctuations are
well predictable, and LSTM appears to be the more accurate Ts modeling
tool when sufficient training data are available.
Respiratory outcomes at five-year follow-up in children with MBL deficiency: a cohort study
Authors: Ramphul Manisha , Poghosyan Anna , Afzaal Javairiya , Mcdermott Elizabeth , Cliffe Lucy , BHATT JAYESH MAHENDRA
Published: May 2021

Introduction Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) serum protein, is an important
molecule of the innate immune system that is involved in antimicrobial
recognition and clearing responses. There is no conclusive evidence that
MBL deficiency is associated with adverse respiratory consequences. Aim
We explored whether there is a difference in clinical, radiological and
microbiological characteristics in children with MBL deficiency
presenting with troublesome respiratory symptoms (frequent, recurrent,
persistent or very severe), as compared to those who are MBL-sufficient.
Methods We performed a retrospective study looking at MBL measurements
in children over a period of 10 years in a large teaching hospital, with
a minimum follow-up period of 5 years from the time of the MBL
measurement to the year 2019. Results 32% of children with MBL
deficiency and 30% of those with MBL sufficiency had positive
microbiology. 23% of children with MBL deficiency and 24% of those
with MBL sufficiency had radiological changes on plain radiographs. 28%
of children with MBL deficiency and 33% of those with MBL sufficiency
had suboptimal vaccine responses to primary immunisations. 67% of the
MBL-deficient children had suboptimal vaccine responses to booster
immunisations, compared to 40% of the MBL-sufficient group. Conclusion
We conclude that there is no difference at five year follow-up in
clinical, radiological and microbiological characteristics between
children who are MBL-deficient as compared to those who have sufficient
levels. These results add to the existing body of literature that shows
no statistically significant association between MBL deficiency and
susceptibility to recurrent respiratory tract infection in children.
Individual heterogeneity in fitness in a long-lived herbivore
Authors: Lohman Madeleine , Riecke Thomas , Williams Perry , Sedinger James
Published: May 2021

Heterogeneity in the intrinsic quality and nutritional condition of
individuals affects reproductive success and consequently fitness.
Understanding differences in energy allocation towards survival and
reproduction within and among years might help explain variability in
individual fitness. Black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) are
long-lived, migratory, specialist herbivores. Long migratory pathways
and short summer breeding seasons constrain the time and energy
available for reproduction, thus magnifying life-history trade-offs.
These constraints, combined with long lifespans and trade-offs between
current and future reproductive value, provide a model system to examine
the role of individual heterogeneity in driving life-history strategies
and individual heterogeneity in fitness. We used hierarchical Bayesian
models to examine reproductive trade-offs, modeling the relationships
between within-year measures of reproductive energy allocation and
among-year demographic rates of individual females breeding on the
Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska using capture-recapture and reproductive
data from 1988 to 2014. We provide evidence for relationships between
breeding probability and clutch size (posterior mean of β = 0.45, 95%
CRI = 0.33 – 0.57, SD = 0.06), breeding probability and nest initiation
date (posterior mean of β = -0.12, 95% CRI = -0.2 ¬– -0.04, SD =
0.04), and an interaction between clutch size and initiation date
(posterior mean of β = -0.12, 95% CRI = -0.2 – -0.04, SD = 0.04).
Average lifetime clutch size also had a weak positive relationship with
survival probability (posterior mean of β = 0.03, 95% CRI = -0.01 –
0.7, SD = 0.02). Our results support the use of demographic buffering
strategies for black brant; reductions in reproductive energy allocation
preserve high adult survival rates during years with poor environmental
conditions, maximizing future reproductive value. We also indirectly
show links among environmental conditions during growth, fitness, and
energy allocation, highlighting the effects of early growth conditions
on individual heterogeneity, and subsequently, reproductive investment.
Nevi and other skin lesions: a simplified procedure algorithm
Authors: Diamandis Dr. Carolina , Balaskas Alexandros , Lazar Marius
Published: May 2021

After reviewing the current literature and our systematically evaluated
experience gained in daily practice, we propose a simplified action
algorithm in case of nevi and other melanocytic skin lesions. Our
approach is less stressful for the patients and, according to our
conclusions, more economical, efficient and, above all, much safer than
the recommendations currently in effect.
Yield improvement of enediyne yangpumicins in Micromonospora yangpuensis through ribosome engineering and fermentation optimization
Authors: Wang Zilong , Sun Runze , Li Miao , Liu Ling , Duan Yanwen , Huang Yong
Published: May 2021

Yangpumicins (YPMs), eg. YPM A, F, and G, are newly discovered enediynes
from Micromonospora yangpuensis DSM 45577, which could be exploited as
promising payloads of antibody-drug conjugates. However, the low yield
of YPMs in the wild-type strain (~1 mg/L) significantly
hampers their further drug development. In this study, a combined
ribosome engineering and fermentation optimization strategy has been
used for yield improvement of YPMs. One gentamycin-resistant M.
yangpuensis DSM 45577 strain (MY-G-1) showed higher YPMs production (7.4
± 1.0 mg/L), while it exhibits delayed sporulation and slender mycelium
under scanning electron microscopy. Whole genome re-sequencing of MY-G-1
reveals several deletion and single nucleotide polymorphism mutations,
which were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing. Further Box–Behnken
experiment and regression analysis determined that the optimal medium
concentrations of soluble starch, mannitol, and pharmamedia for YPMs
production in shaking flasks (10.0 ± 0.8 mg/L). Finally, the total titer
of YPM A/F/G in MY-G-1 reached to 15.0 ± 2.5 mg/L in 3-L fermenters,
which was about 11-fold higher than the original titer of 1.3 ± 0.3 mg/L
in wild-type strain. Our study may be instrumental to develop YPMs into
a clinical anticancer drug, and inspire the use of these multifaceted
strategies for yield improvement in Micromonospora species.
Effect of preoperative erector spinae muscles mass on postoperative outcomes in patients with left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Sugimura Yukiharu , Sipahi Nihat , Immohr Moritz , Yilmaz Esma , Aissa Joel , Boeken Udo , Aubin Hug , Lichtenberg Artur , Akhyari Payam , Dalyanoglu Hannan
Published: May 2021

Background: Frailty influences the postoperative outcomes in patients
undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation; however,
a quantitative evaluation method has not been established. The purpose
of the present study was to evaluate whether preoperative ESM mass is
associated with short- and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with
LVAD. Methods: A total of 119 consecutive patients with LVAD were
enrolled between January 2010 and October 2017 at a single heart center.
The ESM index and Hounsfield units (HU) of the ESM were calculated by
computed tomography for preoperative ESM mass evaluation. We then
statistically evaluated the in-hospital mortality, major adverse
cardiovascular events (MACE), duration of hospital stay, and long-term
survival. Results: In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, ESM index
and HU of the ESM indicated no effect on the in-hospital mortality,
MACE, and long-term survival. In addition, the ESM index presented a
weak but significant negative linear correlation only with the duration
of hospital stay (r = -0.21, p < 0.05). In contrast, the model
for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and preoperative
venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (va-ECMO) were
significant predictive factors for in-hospital mortality (MELD score: p
< 0.001, hazard ratio [HR] 1.1; preoperative va-ECMO: p
< 0.01, HR 2.72) and MACE (MELD score: p < 0.001, HR
1.07; preoperative va-ECMO: p < 0.005, HR 2.62). Conclusion:
Preoperative ESM mass might predict the length of hospital stay in
patients undergoing LVAD implantation. In contrast, it had no effect on
MACE, in-hospital mortality, or long-term survival in this study.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Suardiana I Made
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Telaga semester II tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang melibatkan siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 12 orang siswa. Obyek penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar matematika. Dalam penelitian ini data hasil belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes hasil belajar, metode analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar matematika dinyatakan meningkat, hal dibuktikan dengan peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I (jumlah 820, rata-rata 68, daya serap 68%, ketuntasan belajar 75%) dan siklus II (jumlah 890, rata-rata 74, daya serap 74%, ketuntasan belajar 100%). Terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar antara siklus I dan siklus II, ditandai oleh kenaikan rata-rata daya serap 6% dan ketuntasan belajar mengalami kenaikan sebesar 25%. Kesimpulan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Telaga semester II tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika.
Excitation Dynamics and Losses in Solution Processed Disordered Semiconductors
Authors:   , Zarrabi Nasim
Published: May 2021

From a technological point of view, organic semiconductor-based devices are of significant interest due to their light weight, ease of processability, conformal flexibility and potentially low cost and low embodied energy pro-duction. Motivated by these quite unique selling points, the performance of organic semiconductors has been a subject of multi-disciplinary study for more than 60 years with steady progress in applications such as solar cells, transistors, light emitting diodes and various sensors. One of the main characteristics that governs the performance of organic semiconduc-tors is their low dielectric constants, meaning they are excitonic at room temperature. A second main feature that dictates the charge carrier recom-bination and transport properties is the disordered nature of these semicon-ductors causing low charge carrier mobilities. The work described in this thesis focuses on these defining elements, and particularly their implications on photovoltaic devices. The discussion will start with a review into the main electro-optical phenomena in organic solar cells. Subsequently, a new method is presented for measuring exciton diffusion lengths based upon a low-quencher-content device structure. An anomalously large quenching volume is observed that can be assigned to long-range exciton delocaliza-tion prior to thermalization. These ultra-low-impurity content organic so-lar cells are also very useful as model systems to study and engineer trap states. Using this approach, it is found that mid-gap trap states are a universal feature in organic semiconductor donor-acceptor blends and un-expectedly contribute to charge generation and recombination. This has a profound impact on the thermodynamic limit of organic photovoltaic de-vices. Having demonstrated this important new insight it is further shown that a definitive link exists between a reduced recombination rate compared to the Langevin rate in some exceptional, high performance material sys-tems and a significant increase in the dissociation rate of charge transfer states upon post-processing of the active layer. In sum, the work presented in this thesis delivers important new insight as to the underlying dynamics of exciton generation and diffusion, charge transfer state dissociation, and indeed the ultimate fate of photogenerated free carriers.
Perspectivas Transnacionais em História da Educação Matemática: entrelaçamentos com a New Education Fellowship
Transnational Perspectives in the History of Mathematics Education: entanglements with the New Education Fellowship
Authors: Rabelo Rafaela Silva
Published: May 2021

ResumoO presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta de agenda transnacional de pesquisa em história da educação matemática, tomando como exemplo as potencialidades de se adotar a new education fellowship (NEF) como lente para análise da educação matemática no âmbito do movimento internacional da educação nova. A discussão se desenvolve a partir de casos de educadores vinculados à NEF que publicaram sobre o ensino de matemática na primeira metade do século XX, e mobiliza o conceito de redes como forma de identificar as conexões. Articulando três eixos (sujeitos, espaços e artefatos), a discussão evidencia novas questões de pesquisa que emergem ao considerar a circulação de ideias/sujeitos/objetos e os entrelaçamentos resultantes.Palavras-chave: História da educação matemática, História transnacional, Educação nova, Redes.AbstractThe following article aims to present a proposal for a transnational research agenda in the history of mathematics education, taking as an example the potential of adopting the new education fellowship (NEF) as a lens for the analysis of mathematics education within the international new education movement. The discussion develops from the cases of educators linked to the NEF, who published on the teaching of mathematics in the first half of the 20th century, and mobilises the concept of networks to identify the connections. Articulating three axes (subjects, spaces, and artifacts), the discussion highlights new research questions that emerge when considering the circulation of ideas/subjects/objects and the resulting entanglements.Keywords: History of mathematics education, Transnational history, New education, Networks.ResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una propuesta para una agenda de investigación transnacional en historia de la educación matemática, tomando como ejemplo el potencial de adoptar la new education fellowship (NEF) como lente para el análisis de la educación matemática dentro del movimiento internacional de la nueva educación. La discusión se desarrolla a partir de los casos de educadores vinculados a NEF que publicaron sobre la enseñanza de las matemáticas en la primera mitad del siglo XX, y moviliza el concepto de redes como forma de identificar las conexiones. Articulando tres ejes (sujetos, espacios y artefactos), la discusión resalta nuevas preguntas de investigación que surgen al considerar la circulación de ideas/sujetos/objetos y los enredos resultantes.Palabras clave: Historia de la educación matemática, Historia transnacional, Nueva educación, Redes
Prática profissional de professores dos anos iniciais e o pensamento algébrico: contribuições a partir de uma formação continuada
Teachers’ Professional Practice in Early Years and Algebraic Thinking: Contributions from In-Service Training
Authors: Nobrega Ferreira Miriam Criez , Ribeiro Alessandro Jacques , Da Ponte João Pedro
Published: May 2021

ResumoNeste artigo analisamos como dois professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental planejaram e conduziram uma aula considerando aspectos do pensamento algébrico a partir de uma abordagem de ensino exploratório, tendo em conta sua participação em uma formação continuada. O estudo enquadra-se em uma perspectiva qualitativa-interpretativa de pesquisa, em que a recolha de dados foi proveniente do planejamento dos professores, de registros em áudio das aulas, com sua subsequente transcrição, e registro fotográfico das tarefas matemáticas realizadas pelos alunos. Os resultados mostram que como consequência da formação realizada, as ações de planejamento e condução das aulas dos professores consideraram as fases do ensino exploratório, bem como aspectos do pensamento algébrico.Palavras-chave: Pensamento algébrico, Prática profissional, Ensino exploratório, Anos iniciais, Formação continuada.AbstractThis article analyses how two teachers of the early years of elementary school planned and conducted a class considering aspects of algebraic thinking from an exploratory teaching approach, taking into account their participation in continuing education. The study fits into a qualitative-interpretative research perspective, in which the data collection came from the teachers' planning, from audio records of the classes, with their subsequent transcription, and photographic record of the mathematical tasks performed by the students. The results show that as a consequence of the training carried out, the actions of planning and conducting the teachers' classes considered the phases of exploratory teaching, as well as aspects of algebraic thinking.Keywords: Algebraic thinking; Professional practice; Exploratory teaching approach; Early years; In-service training.ResumenEste artículo analiza cómo dos profesores de los primeros años de la enseñanza primaria planificaron y llevaron a cabo una clase considerando aspectos del pensamiento algebraico desde un enfoque pedagógico exploratorio, llevándose en cuenta su participación en la educación continua. El estudio se enmarca en una perspectiva de investigación cualitativo-interpretativa, en la que la recolección de datos provino de la planificación de los docentes, de los registros de audio de las clases, con su posterior transcripción, y registro fotográfico de las tareas matemáticas realizadas por los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran que como consecuencia de la formación realizada, las acciones de planificación y conducción de las clases de los docentes consideraron las fases de la enseñanza exploratoria, así como aspectos del pensamiento algebraico.Palabras clave: Pensamiento algebraico, Practica profesional, Enseñanza exploratoria, Años iniciales, Educación continua
The Financing Decision, Size and Firm Value: A Conceptual Review
Authors: Hasnawati Sri
Published: May 2021

This study intends to conduct a non-systematic literature review on empirical and theoretical studies of capital structure policies in relation to firm value, as well as reviewing its nature and dimensions. Until now, no consensus has emerged, and the results cannot be concluded. This study also tries to include empirical of capital structure policies and firm value from various countries, which show that the phenomenon of capital structure policies and firm value differs from one country to another. Various discussions on capital structure policies and firm value have resulted in a literature review and its development over time. Another development is the link between capital structure and size. Size can determine the company's capital structure related to access to sources of financing. Generally, large companies are easier to obtain external financing sources than small companies.

 

Keywords: Capital Structure, Size, Firm value
Global Journey to Post-Pandemic Normalcy and Revival
Authors: Sankowski Andrzej
Published: May 2021

After a year of COVID-19, countries, societies, and individuals are longing for normalcy and beginning to consider what life will be like post-pandemic. Efforts and experiences of countries in the European Union, Asia, Asia-Pacific, Australia, Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and the United States are examined as they face challenges to end the pandemic and prepare for the post-pandemic reality. What will be the post-pandemic "new normalcy"? What changes caused by the pandemic are permanent in societies and the world? What are the necessary reforms that have to take place as part of normalcy? Reflections on the impacts of vaccinations, herd immunity, societal improvements and reorganizations, trends, and actions in the post-COVID-19 world are discussed.
Electronic commerce and its regulation in the European Union and China
Authors: Peiyuan Lin
Published: May 2021

The article provides a statistical analysis of the trends in the development of e-commerce in the world in general and in China in particular, a comparative legal analysis of the system of legal regulation of key aspects affecting the functioning of e-commerce in the European Union and in the People’s Republic of China (further PRC). The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and includes the methods of the general scientific group (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), as well as special methods: statistical analysis, content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic, the method of comparative legal analysis. As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that the legislation of China and the European Union regarding the regulation of e-commerce is aimed at fundamentally different goals: in the EU, legislation is aimed at protecting private transactions and trade, and for China, the priority is the development of legal norms that allow the state as much as possible control electronic commercial flows and procuring a cybersecurity in e-commerce sector.
TESTING PLANT FOR ENGINE WITH ENERGY EFFICIENT COOLING SYSTEM
Authors: Pokusaev Mikhail Nikolaevich , Trifonov Alexei Viktorovich , Kostyrenko Vasiliy Aleksandrovich
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on developing a new testing system for the Iveco 8041I06 55 R900 engine in the laboratory “Marine Diesels” under Astrakhan state technical university in the event of modernizing the test benches with ship engines. There has been considered creating an ex-perimental unit for conducting heat-balance tests of a marine engine using modern measurement and control tools. The unit consists of a converted engine powered by a generator. The engine will be tested according to the generator characteristic. There is given the data on the main technical parameters of the tested engine and on the potential configuration of the instrument base. As a load for the generator, it is planned to use a resistive load device. A fuel micro-meter will be used to measure the fuel consumption. Flow meters are selected for measuring the flow rates. Heat carriers and temperature sensors are selected for measuring temperature of the exhaust gases. The parameters of the engine under consideration are compared with the requirements of the Russian River Register for marine engines. The scope of work on converting an industrial engine into a marine engine in terms of the modernization of the cooling system has been described. The unit is designed to study the ship's cooling system operation, in which the control is carried out by changing the speed of the suspended pump depending on the temperature of the seawater. There was selected

a pump and a device to regulating its rotating speed. The positive effect is achieved by reducing the power consumed by the pump. It saves the fuel and reduces the environmental damage due to the lower carbon dioxide emissions
DEVELOPING INFORMATION PROCESSING UNIT USED IN SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPLEX MONITORING SHIP SHAFT LINE TORSIONAL VIBRATIONS
Authors: Sibryaev Konstantin Olegovich , Gorbachev Maxim Michailovich , Ibadullaev Adel Damirovich
Published: May 2021

The article considers torsional vibrations in combination with other technical factors, which remain a cause of damages and breakdowns of the ship's propeller shafts, intermediate shafts and crankshafts. Torsional vibrations inevitably occur in the ship plants. It can be explained by the uneven torque of the engine and the torque on the propeller (exposure of the propeller, uneven movement of the water flow, stormy weather, etc.), which leads to alternating twisting of the shaft. To reduce torsional vibrations, dampers are used, which require periodic performance testing by using the torsiography procedure. In contrast to the existing monitoring systems of the technical condition of the damper, it is planned to install an information processing unit for the software and hardware complex for monitoring torsional vibrations of the ship's shaft line and the parameters associated with them (vibration and temperature changes of the flexible elements of the connecting couplings). The unit under development will allow to constantly monitor the level of torsional vibrations and, if they increase, to signal the ship's mechanic to switch to another operational mode of the main engine, which will increase the reliability and automation of the ship power plants, the safety of navigation, and reduce the economic costs of ship operating
IMPROVING MARINE DIESEL ENGINE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE BY CARBURATION OF DIMETHYL ETHER IN INLET MANIFOLD
Authors: Grabarchuk Alexander Yuryevich , Robiuzzaman Shagor Muhammad
Published: May 2021

The article highlights the measures to be introduced in order to restrict the hazardous emissions from the marine vessels as a result of increasing attention of the global community to the air pollution problem. The most difficult for ship owners is to adhere to the requirements of MARPOL 73/78 in NECA Tier III. As a result of the analysis of modern widely used methods for reducing harmful emissions of nitrogen oxides from a marine ICE there have been determined the main advantages and disadvantages of these methods. A new method including the additional component supply system, which delivers additional component to an inlet manifold of a marine ICE, and the most suitable additional component were proposed. Main advantages of the proposed system over other systems were determined. The system operation diagram is presented and the academic novelty of the scientific work was determined. The academic novelty consists in using an adapted mathematical model for calculating the main parameters of the system developed. At the current stage of the work, the development of an electronic control unit for the system and additional electronic control unit is in progress. The next stage of the work consists of calculating the main parameters of the system and testing the system in various operating modes of marine diesel engine 3NVD 24
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PORT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CITY
Authors: Kivilev Maksim Eduardovich
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the history of the port's development and its relationship with the city. There has been analyzed the process of the port transformation into a separate structure, which specializes in cargo handling operations, as well as cargo storage, cargo consolidation and the provision of various services related to logistics. The relationship between the port and the city at all stages of their interaction is characterized. Methods of solving problems arising in the process of restructuring the urban and port territories at each historical stage of the development of the port and city are considered. There has been also noted the importance of the effective relationships between the port and the city in the process of their transformation and the need for their mutual influence at the current stage of economic development.
Representasi Profesionalitas Wartawan Pada Film Kill The Messenger (Analisis Semiotika John Fiske)
Authors: Jefferson Richard , Pancasiwi Hermawan , Nugroho Abraham Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Film dapat dimanfaatkan di dalam dunia pendidikan. Hal ini didasari karena film dapat menarik perhatian orang dan menyampaikan pesan secara unik. Film Kill The Messenger merupakan salah satu film yang diangkat dari kisah nyata dan memiliki pesan berkaitan dengan profesionalitas wartawan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profesionalitas apa saja yang diterapkan oleh seorang wartawan dalam melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya sebagai wartawan profesional dalam tingkat realitas, representasi dan ideologi pada film Kill The Messenger. Penelitian ini menggunkan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis semiotika John Fiske melalui teori The Code of Television. Analisis meliputi level realitas, level representasi dan level ideologi. Dari penelitian ini, peneliti menemukan tanda-tanda profesionalitas dalam Film “Kill The Messenger”, yang meliputi representasi berita yang faktual dan jelas sumbernya, memiliki rasa terpanggil dan melayani masyarakat, memiliki rasa otonomi dalam membuat keputusan, bertanggung jawab dan transparan terhadap hasil tulisannya, profesional mengatur dirinya sendiri, dan bersifat independen.
Persepsi Masyarakat Dieng Terhadap Ruwatan Rambut Gimbal: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Chrisanti Serafina Indah
Published: May 2021

Ruwatan Rambut Gimbal adalah salah satu ritual unik yang ada di Indonesia. Ritual ini masih dilaksanakan sampai sekarang karena masyarakat Dieng menghormati tradisi yang diwariskan oleh nenek moyang mereka. Sayangnya, persepsi masyarakat Dieng terhadap Ruwatan Rambut Gimbal berubah ketika ritual tersebut masuk kedalam rangkaian acara Dieng Culture Festival (DCF). Nilai budaya yang ada berubah menjadi nilai tukar karena adanya upaya komodifikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Ruwatan Rambut Gimbal dalam kacamata Masyarakat Dieng. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan paradigma literature review. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dokumentasi yang menggunakan buku dan jurnal sesuai tema penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Dieng memiliki dua kacamata yang berbeda dalam memandang Ruwatan Rambut Gimbal sebelum adanya DCF dan sesudah adanya DCF.
PENGUJIAN KINERJA ROBOT KENDALI PEMADAM API BERODA DENGAN PEMANTAUAN BLUETOOTH ANDROID
Authors: Ali Muhammad Haidar , Latubessy Anastasya , Maharani Rizkysari Mei
Published: May 2021

Memadamkan api dilakukan secara manual oleh manusia yang mana membutuhkan banyak tenaga dalam memadamkan apinya. Oleh karena itu, dengan seiring berkembangnya kemajuan elektronika dan teknologi informatika, manusia dapat menciptakan robot pemadam api untuk membantu manusia dalam memadamkan api yang dikendalikan melalui smartphone dengan pemantauan bluetooth android. Dengan menggabungkan penggunaan smartphone android dengan arduino uno atmega328 serta bluetooth yang berfungsi sebagai penerima dan pengirim perintah dalam memadamkan api pada robot pemadam api, sehingga kegiatan memadamkan api menjadi lebih ringan dan efisien. Robot pemadam api ini juga dilengkapi dengan sensor api sebagai pendeteksi api dan arduino fan module berfungsi untuk memadamkan api. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terciptanya robot pemadam api beroda dengan pemantauan berbasis bluetooth dapat mendeteksi api (pada sensor api) dan kipas menyala untuk memadamkan api secara otomatis, di mana dalam menggerakkan robotnya masih secara manual sesuai perintah melalui aplikasi yaitu dengan menggunakan bantuan smartphone yang terhubung dengan bluetooth HC-05 yang berada pada robot.
Ocena plonowania i jakości bulw po aplikacji dolistnej krzemu i mikroelementów
Authors: Trawczyński Cezary
Published: May 2021

W latach 2017–2019 przeprowadzono na glebie lekkiej badania polowe nad określeniem wpływu dolistnego dokarmiania roślin ziemniaka nawozem krzemowym (Krzemian) na wielkość plonu i wybrane cechy jakości bulw ziemniaka. Użyty do badań nawóz zawierał: Si(OH)4 – 2,5%; Cu – 1,0%; Zn – 0,6%; B – 0,3%; Mo – 0,2%. W każdym roku wykonywano od jednego do trzech zabiegów dolistnego dokarmiania w fazach rozwojowych roślin ziemniaka BBCH 19, 39, 70. Kontrolę stanowił obiekt bez dolistnego dokarmiania. Nawożenie mineralne stosowano w dawkach: 100 kg·ha–1 N; 26,2 kg·ha–1 P i 99,6 kg·ha–1 K. Pod wpływem nawozu uzyskano istotny przyrost plonu bulw, średnio o 12,9% w porównaniu z obiektem kontrolnym. Układ pogody w latach i liczba zabiegów wykonanych nawozem istotnie różnicowały przyrost plonu bulw. Istotnie największy przyrost plonu bulw uzyskano w roku suchym, o największej średniej temperaturze powietrza, stosując dwukrotnie w okresie wegetacji dolistne dokarmianie nawozem. Stwierdzono tendencję zwiększenia w strukturze plonu udziału bulw o średnicy powyżej 60 mm oraz malejącą bulw zdeformowanych po zastosowaniu nawozu Krzemian w porównaniu do obiektu kontrolnego. Wykazano korzystne oddziaływanie nawozu Krzemian na zawartość skrobi i witaminy C w bulwach.