bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the E. faecalis antibiofilm efficacy of photoactivated curcumin, chlorophyll and riboflavin
Authors: Avianti Riski Setyo , Kunarti Sri , Subiyanto Ari
Published: June 2020

Background: Photosensitisers play a vital role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in diode laser 405 nm therapy. Curcumin, chlorophyll and riboflavin have been used and viewed in several studies as effective photosensitisers for the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), a persistent microorganism that may cause endodontic failure. While each has given valuable and promising results as an alternative endodontic irrigant, no study has compared the efficacy of these three natural dyes. Purpose: To prove that the photosensitiser curcumin in diode laser 405 nm therapy is more effective for E. faecalis biofilm degradation than chlorophyll and riboflavin, and that a duration of irradiation of 90 seconds is more effective than 60 seconds. Methods: The biofilm monospecies E. faecalis was divided into two microplates with 96-well according to the irradiation periods: 60 seconds (Group 1) and 90 seconds (Group 2). Each group contained one control (without a photosensitiser) and three treatments were carried out by adding the photosensitisers curcumin, chlorophyll and riboflavin, where each treatment contained eleven samples. After irradiation for 60 seconds and 90 seconds, a crystal violet assay was carried out for each group. Results: The one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between groups based on the irradiation period. Tukey’s test showed each treatment in each group also showed a significant difference (p<0.05) with curcumin as the best substance to cause biofilm degradation in both groups. The duration of the irradiation showed that the longer the biofilm was illuminated, the lower the absorbance value or optical density (OD). Conclusion: Curcumin irradiated for 90 seconds gives better biofilm degradation on E. faecalis due to its natural properties and molecular structure, highlighting its efficacy in photodynamic therapy
Tantangan Internal dalam Mewujudkan Indonesia Sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia
Authors: Latifah Latifah , Larasati Dinda
Published: June 2020

Abad ke-21 mengalami transformasi besar dimana pusat gravitasi geo-ekonomi dan geopolitikdunia perlahan bergeser ke Asia. Momentum ini mendorong presiden Joko Widodomengeluarkan politik luar negeri Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia didukung dengankondisi strategis Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan. Langkah ini diharapkan mampumeningkatkan eksistensi dan bargaining position Indonesia dalam lingkup regional maupuninternasional. Dengan menggunakan metode eksplanatif yang berbasis studi literatur,penulis ingin mengkaji berbagai permasalahan internal terkait pengelolaan kemaritimanyang menjadi tantangan besar bagi terwujudnya Indonesia sebagai poros maritim dunia.Fokus bahasan akan mengacu pada bagaimana tantangan internal yang menghambatterwujudnya poros maritim dunia. Mengacu pada pendekatan pengelolaan wilayah pesisirdan laut secara terpadu dan kepentingan nasional, hasil kajian penulis menunjukan bahwaterwujudnya cita-cita ini harus terhambat dengan kurang efektifnya pengelolaan maritimsebagai tonggak pendukung politik luar negeri ini ditunjukan dengan: 1) Tumpang tindihtupoksi instansi pengelola sumberdaya kemaritiman; dan 2) Minimnya fasilitas penunjangoperasional dan berbagai tindakan kriminal di wilayah laut. Tantangan internal menjadipenghambat bagi terwujudnya Indonesia poros maritim dunia.
Diplomasi Publik Indonesia terhadap Vanuatu Dalam Upaya Membendung Gerakan Separatisme Papua
Authors: Sabir Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Abstract This research explains Indonesia diplomacy to Vanuatu in the context of the Indonesian government's efforts to resolve separatism issue in Papua. The analysis conducted on this thesis uses the theory of Public Diplomacy by Leonard, Stead and Smewing (2002). The result of this research is the failure of Indonesian public diplomacy to shape Vanuatu political stance on Papua issue caused by the failure in optimizing the strategies of Indonesian public diplomacy. Vanuatu yet staunchly supports Papua separatist movement. There are at least three reasons that are closely related to the weakness of Indonesian public diplomacy towards Vanuatu: (1) the conduct of Indonesian public diplomacy has been dominated by state actor and less involve the role of non-state actors, (2) the three dimensions of Indonesian public diplomacy have not been optimazed, and (3) the existance of Melanesian Renaissance in Vanuatu domestic politics. Key words: Public Diplomacy, Indonesia, Vanuatu, United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP), Papua Separatist Movement.  Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang diplomasi Indonesia kepada Vanuatu pada konteks upaya pemerintah Indonesia menyelesaikan masalah gerakan separatisme Papua. Analisis yang dilakukan pada tesis ini menggunakan teori diplomasi publik dari Leonard, Stead dan Smewing (2002). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah gagalnya diplomasi publik Indonesia untuk mempengaruhi sikap politik Vanuatu atas isu Papua disebabkan karena belum optimalnya strategi diplomasi publik yang dijalankan Indonesia. Vanuatu tetap mendukung gerakan separatis Papua. Setidaknya ada tiga faktor yang menyebabkan lemahnya diplomasi publik Indonesia terhadap Vanuatu dalam isu Papua yaitu: (1) pelaksanaan diplomasi publik masih didominasi aktor negara dan kurang melibatkan aktor non-negara; (2) tidak optimalnya tiga dimensi diplomasi publik yang dijalankan Indonesia; dan (3) kuatnya pengaruh Melanesian Renaissance dalam perpolitikan domestik Vanuatu. Kata kunci: Diplomasi Publik, Indonesia, Vanuatu, United Liberation Movement for West Papua (ULMWP), gerakan separatisme Papua.
AMELİYATHANE VE YOĞUN BAKIMLARDA ÇALIŞAN SAĞLIK PERSONELİNİN ETKİLENDİĞİ KESİCİ DELİCİ ALET YARALANMALARININ ANALİZİ
Authors: KOTANOĞLU Mustafa Sırrı
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Hastanemiz ameliyathane ve yoğunbakımlarında çalışan personelin kesici delici aletle yaralanmalarının analizini yaparak alınabilecek önlemleri belirlemek ve tekrarını önleyecek planlamaları yapmak. Yöntem: 2016-2019 yılları arası Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma hastanesi ameliyathane ve yoğunbakımlarında bildirim yapılan kesici delici alet yaralanmalarının kayıtları analiz edilerek, elde edilen veriler sayı ve yüzdelik olarak değerlendirmeye alındı. Bulgular: Olayın meydana geldiği yerin; 2016 yılında %41,9 ameliyathane %58,1 yoğunbakım, 2017’de %29,6 ameliyathane %70,4 yoğunbakım, 2018’de %29,4 ameliyathane %70,6 yoğunbakım, 2019’da %33,3 ameliyathane %66,7 yoğunbakım olduğu, olaya maruz kalan meslek grubunun; 2016 yılında %3,2 doktor %29 hemşire, 2017 yılında %22,2 doktor %14,8 hemşire, 2018 yılında %17,6 doktor %41,2 hemşire, %23,8 doktor %33,3 hemşire olduğu, yaralanmaya sebep olan aletin; 2016 yılında %83,9 iğne ucu %16,1 diğer aletlerle, 2017 yılında %74,1 iğne ucu %25,9 diğer aletlerle, 2018 yılında %88,2 iğne ucu %11,8 diğer aletlerle, 2019 yılında %76,2 iğne ucu %23,8 diğer aletlerle olduğu, yaralanmaya sebep olan aletin; 2016 yılında %96,8 kirli %3,2 temiz, 2017 yılında %96,3 kirli %3,7 temiz, 2018 yılında %100 kirli, 2019 yılında %100 kirli olduğu, yaralanma esnasında personelin kişisel koruyucu ekipmanı; 2016 yılında %96,8 var %3,2 yok, 2017 yılında %96,3 var %3,7 yok, 2018 yılında %100 var, 2019 yılında %90,5 var %9,5 yok olduğu tutulan kayıtlardan anlaşılmıştır. Sonuç: Risklerin azaltılmasında önlem, kayıt ve bildirim önemlidir. Hastane idareleride riski az ve koruyucu ekipman bulundurmak için gerekli alt yapıyı sağlamalıdır. Personelin yaralanmalar ve sonuçları ile ilgili mutlaka eğitilmesi be bilgilendirilmesi gerekmektedir
Primer Hiperparatiroidi Tanılı Türk Hasta Popülasyonunda 25-Hidroksi (OH) Vitamin D Eksikliği Prevelansı
Authors: SENCAR Muhammed , ÇALAPKULU Murat , SAKIZ Davut , BOSTAN Hayri , ÖZTÜRK ÜNSAL İlknur , ÇAKAL Erman
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada primer hiperparatiroidi hastalarında 25-hidroksivitamin D (25(OH)D) eksikliğinin frekansını belirlemeyi ve mesimsel değişikliğin 25(OH)D düzeyine etkisi olup olmadığını araştırmaya çalıştık.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya primer hiperparatiroidi tanısı almış 156 hasta ve 80 kontrol hastası alındı. Demografik ve laboratuvar veriler kaydedildi

Sonuçlar: Primer hiperparatiroidi (PHP) hastalarının parathormon (PTH) (p
A (IM)POSSIBILIDADE DO HABEAS CORPUS COLETIVO NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Leles Fernandes Brunna , Archanjo Rocha Islane
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo tem como objeto a análise do instituto do habeas corpus na modalidade coletiva. O estudo girou em torno da possibilidade de proteção do direito à liberdade de locomoção de forma coletiva no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Muito embora o habeas corpus seja previsto na Constituição Federal e regulamentado pelo Código de Processo Penal, não há previsão em sua modalidade coletiva. Tendo em vista a sociedade atual, sendo ela caracterizada como sociedade de risco o qual se faz menção no devido trabalho, as ofensas aos direitos fundamentais são cada vez mais frequentes e atingem proporções coletivas, desse modo, é importante que haja um instrumento que seja compatível para a tutela de tais direitos. Logo, a partir dos estudos, foi possível concluir que a jurisprudência brasileira caminha em direção ao entendimento de que é cabível o referido remédio em defesa da coletividade. A temática é relevante pois demonstra que tal aplicabilidade diminuirá o percentual do encarceramento em massa de mulheres sob o pálio da prisão preventiva, uma vez aplicado o remédio na modalidade coletiva, assegurará a dignidade das mães de crianças até 12 anos, gestantes e crianças do precário e insalubre sistema prisional brasileiro.
DECISÃO SANCIONATÓRIA DE ÓRGÃO REGULADOR DO EXERCÍCIO DA PROFISSÃO E SUSPENSÃO DOS DIREITOS POLÍTICOS
Authors: Souza Marcelo José
Published: June 2020

O objetivo da reflexão aqui proposta é informar e esclarecer a implicação da decisão sancionatória de órgão regulador do exercício da profissão no pleno gozo dos direitos políticos. Muitas vezes, o próprio profissional, punido pelo respectivo órgão, desconhece o alcance e as consequências que o ato administrativo punitivo acarretará no exercício de seus direitos políticos em seu cotidiano. Deste modo, a reflexão caminha com a seguinte perspectiva: conceituação de direitos políticos; causa e período de suspensão dos direitos políticos por decisão sancionatória de órgão regulador do exercício da profissão; previsão constitucional e infraconstitucional das inelegibilidades; inelegibilidade e suspensão dos direitos políticos por decisão sancionatória do órgão profissional competente; comunicação à Justiça Eleitoral e lançamento no cadastro eleitoral; quitação eleitoral e inelegibilidade; forma de restabelecimento dos direitos políticos e considerações finais.
Evaluation of the quality of surface finish of messassa wood for three types of varnishes.
Authors: Bila Narciso Fernando , Trianoski Rosilani , Egas Andrade Fernando , Iwakiri Setsuo , Rocha Marcio Pereira da
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the messassa wood Brachystegia spiciformis and Julbernardia globiflora for three types of finishing products for use in the furniture and frames industries. Coating performance was assessed by adhesion strength, impact deformation resistance, abrasiveness, gloss and overall color variation tests based on technical standards. Copal painting application was higher for gloss, adhesion and lower abrasiveness compared to water based and polyurethane. The impact deformation was higher for polyurethane than water-based and copal for both species. The darkening of wood for Brachystegia spiciformis and a slight lightening of wood by Julbernardia globiflora characterize the overall color variation after application of the coating products. According to these results, the varnishes can be used to add value to the messassa wood as a finish in solid wood furniture and frames.
Teor de umidade dos pirênios de Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunt
Authors: Silva Renata Carvalho da , Aguiar Bruno Aúrelio Campos , Souza Flávia Bezerra , Silva Eduardo Tranqueira da , Ataide Yandro Santa Brigida , Souza Priscila Bezerra de
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho objetivou-se avaliar os teores de umidade presente nos pirênios de Byrsonima crassifolia logo após o beneficiamento (umidade inicial) e pós-beneficiamento (umidade final) utilizando o método de estufa (Brasil, 1992). Após a definição da umidade inicial, iniciou o procedimento de secagem intermitente, essa foi realizada com todos os pirênios logo após o beneficiamento por 15 vezes de 30 minutos na estufa a 40ºC em seguida pesados. Ao atingir o ponto de equilíbrio do peso (28,06 g), por conseguinte foi realizado o teste de umidade base seca. Os resultados obtidos na média das cinco repetições foi de 49,71% de umidade nos pirênios umidade inicial e 6,3% a umidade final, portanto os pirênios de Byrsonima crassifolia suportaram a desidratação de 43,41% atingindo níveis baixos de umidade, mas está dentro do padrão de normalidade, visto que é uma espécie do grupo das ortodoxas. Desta forma infere-se que os pirênios de Byrsonima crassifolia estão em condições adequadas para o armazenamento e submissão a testes de germinação.
MÉTODOS E EPISTEMOLOGIAS FEMINISTAS NOS ESTUDOS DE RELIGIÃO
Authors: Souza Carolina Bezerra de , Reimer Ivoni Richter , Schuchardt Ketlin
Published: June 2020

Este artigo procura, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, evidenciar o desenvolvimento do pensamento feminista, suas epistemologias e metodologias científicas, especialmente no que corresponde às abordagens da religião. Para isso, divide-se em três partes, que apresentam como eixos a interseccionalidade das opressões são colocadas sobre as mulheres e o foco da epistemologia feminista nas experiências diversas das mulheres, com suas possibilidades libertadoras e produtoras. A primeira parte aborda o desenvolvimento das epistemologias e categorias básicas dos estudos feministas. O segundo item trata da abordagem feminista da religião, com foco no Brasil. Por fim, a última parte versa sobre a teologia feminista que foi a base do desenvolvimento das abordagens feministas da religião.
Political and Socio-Economic Roots of Uprisings in the Arab World
Authors: Kurpebayeva Gaziza
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the research is to determine the political and socio-economic roots of the Arab spring and define its consequences. The article demonstrates similar and distinct features of revolutions in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Particular attention is paid to the transformational consequences in this region. The study results show that the Arab Spring has not brought optimistic changes but worsened socio-economic problems. The Arab Spring uprisings have led to riots, civil wars, social militarisation, the revival of terrorist organisations that affected the economy. The phenomenon of the Arab spring has appeared because of mass discontents with the ruling regimes. This phenomenon is associated with a wave of protests in MENA that have led to a transformation of political, social, inter-regional, economic and financial systems of the region. Revolutions and civil wars have forced migrations to Europe. In turn, this has destabilised the European labour market and drawn the attention of governments to the growing Islamisation of the cultural sphere. The study is interdisciplinary and assesses change of political regimes in Arabic societies.
Serverless GEO Labels for the Semantic Sensor Web
Authors: Graupner Anika , Nüst Daniel
Published: June 2020

As the amount of sensor data made available online increases, it becomes more difficult for users to identify useful datasets. Semantic web technologies improve discovery with meaningful ontologies, but the decision of suitability remains with the users. The GEO label provides a visual summary of the standardised metadata to aid users in this process. This work presents novel rules for deriving the information for the GEO label's multiple facets, such as user feedback or quality information, based on the Semantic Sensor Network Ontology and related ontologies. It enhances an existing implementation of the GEO label API to generate labels for resources of the Semantic Sensor Web. The prototype is deployed to serverless cloud infrastructures. We find that serverless GEO label generation is capable of handling two evaluation scenarios for concurrent users and burst generation. More real-world semantic sensor descriptions and an integration into large scale discovery platforms are needed to develop the presented solutions further.
A Flexible Genome-Scale SARS-CoV-2 Clone Resource
Authors: Kim Dae-Kyum , Knapp Jennifer J. , Kuang Da , Chawla Aditya , Cassonnet Patricia , Lee Hunsang , Sheykhkarimli Dayag , Samavarchi-Tehrani Payman , Abdouni Hala , Rayhan Ashyad , Pogoutse Oxana , Coyaud Etienne , van der Werf Sylvie , Demeret Caroline , Gingras Anne-Claude , Taipale Mikko , Raught Brian , Jacob Yves , Roth Frederick P.
Published: June 2020

The world is facing a major health crisis, the global pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, for which no approved antiviral agents or vaccines are currently available. Here we describe a collection of codon-optimized coding sequences for SARS-CoV-2 cloned into Gateway-compatible entry vectors, which enable rapid transfer into a variety of expression and tagging vectors. The collection is freely available via Addgene. We hope that widespread availability of this SARS-CoV-2 resource will enable many subsequent molecular studies to better understand the viral life cycle and how to block it.
Possible Role of Meteorological Variables in COVID-19 Spread: A Case Study from a Subtropical Monsoon Country, Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Neaz A. , Siddik Md. Sifat
Published: June 2020

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is responsible for widespread mortality and economic loss across almost 212 countries. The distribution of disease prevalence is, however, uneven and likely dependent on the range of human behavior and/or the pathogen and environmental variables. Here in this research we examined the correlation between daily and total COVID-19 case reports from Bangladesh and meteorological variables (average temperature, average humidity, and average wind speed) against one another using Spearman rank and Kendall correlation tests to highlight significant meteorological variables in relation to COVID-19. The tests revealed that both temperature and humidity had a non-significant correlation with COVID-19 transmission amid epicenter (EC) and non-epicenter (NEC) areas. However, a weak (KCC: 0.168, p < 0.05; SCC: 0.271, p < 0.05) correlation was found for temperature in ECs. Wind speed showed moderate to strong correlation in ECs with a very high statistical significance to both daily new cases [(KCC: 0.494, p < 0.01); (SCC: 0.689, p < 0.01)] and total cases [(KCC: 0.426, p < 0.01); (SCC: 0.617, p < 0.01)]. The COVID-19 transmission was found to have a weak (KCC: 0.354, p < 0.01) to moderate (SCC: 0.465, p < 0.01) correlation with daily new cases; however, a moderate (KCC: 0.497, p < 0.01) to strong (SCC: 0.712, p < 0.01) correlation with total cases was found in NECs. The results suggest that temperature and humidity have little influence on COVID-19 transmission, but wind speed may have some influence. Countries should prioritize social engineering to modify human behavior in order to combat the spread of COVID-19 and future pandemics.
Construction of the Type 2 Poly-Frobenius-Genocchi Polynomials with Their Certain Applications
Authors: Duran Ugur , Acikgoz Mehmet , Araci Serkan
Published: June 2020

Motivated by the definition of the type 2 poly-Bernoulli polynomials introduced by Kim-Kim, in the present paper, we consider a class of new generating function for the Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials, called the type 2 poly-Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials, by means of the polyexponential function. Then, we derive some useful relations and properties. We show that the type 2 poly-Frobenius-Genocchi polynomias equal a linear combination of the classical Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials and Stirling numbers of the first kind. In a special case, we give a relation between the type 2 poly-Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials and Bernoulli polynomials of order k. Moreover, inspired by the definition of the unipoly-Bernoulli polynomials introduced by Kim-Kim, we introduce the unipoly-Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials by means of unipoly function and give multifarious properties including derivative and integral properties. Furthermore, we provide a correlation between the unipoly-Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials and the classical Frobenius-Genocchi polynomials.
Controlling Water Hyacinth Infestation in Lake Tana Using Fungal Pathogen. In Case of Gondar Zuria Wereda, Lemeba Kebela
Authors: Admas Adugnaw , Melese Smegnew , Genetu Amare
Published: June 2020

Eichornia crassipes is one of the most dangerous aquatic weeds for Lake Tana and other water Bodies of Ethiopia .Use of natural enemies of the weed to discourage its propagation and impact is one of the best recommended options by scientific society.Among them, there are more fungi naturally a pathogen for water hyacinth and other plants. To use those pathogens to manage the highly water hyacinth infestation area of Lake Tana specfically Gondar Zuria woreda , Lemeba Kebela , infected water hyacinth plant material by fungi were collected from Goregora side of Lake Tana. The collection was done from infected water hyacinth leaves by fungi.All isolated fungi(Zygomycota .,Candidaalbicanaa,Trichoderma ,Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium s,Aspergillus niger,Pencillium and Rhizocotosolani spp) were attempted to infect the healthy water hyacinth in Lemeba Kebela by spraying 2ooo ml cultured mixed fungi in 20 metre square areas and after three weeks of exprement the fungi were severely affected the weeds and expanded in all wetland areas of lemba kebala that infested by water hyacinth but in some exprement areas the leaf of water hyacinth show disease symptoms after 7 days of fungi releasd on targeted area.This observational research shows that the fungi were high potential to attack healthy water hyacinth at high enviroment temprature and at less humidity
The Elementary Proof of the Riemann's Hypothesis
Authors: Feliksiak Jan
Published: June 2020

This research paper aims to explicate the complex issue of the Riemann's Hypothesis and ultimately presents its elementary proof. The method implements one of the binomial coefficients, to demonstrate the maximal prime gaps bound. Maximal prime gaps bound constitutes a comprehensive improvement over the Bertrand's result, and becomes one of the key elements of the theory. Subsequently, implementing the theory of the primorial function and its error bounds, an improved version of the Gauss' offset logarithmic integral is developed. This integral serves as a Supremum bound of the prime counting function Pi(n). Due to its very high precision, it permits to verify the relationship between the prime counting function Pi(n) and the offset logarithmic integral of Carl Gauss. The collective mathematical theory, via the Niels F. Helge von Koch equation, enables to prove the RIemann's Hypothesis conclusively.
The Maximal Prime Gaps Supremum and the Firoozbakht's Hypothesis No 30
Authors: Feliksiak Jan
Published: June 2020

The maximal prime gaps upper bound problem is one of the major mathematical problems to date. The objective of the current research is to develop a standard which will aid in the understanding of the distribution of prime numbers. This paper presents theoretical results which originated with a researchin the subject of the maximal prime gaps. the document presents the sharpest upper bound for the maximal prime gaps ever developed. The result becomes the Supremum bound on the maximal prime gaps and subsequently culminates with the conclusive proof of the Firoozbakht's Hypothesis No 30. Firoozbakht's Hypothesis implies quite a bold conjecture concerning the maximal prime gaps. In fact it imposes one of the strongest maximal prime gaps bounds ever conjectured. Its truth implies the truth of a greater number of known prime gaps conjectures, simultaneously, the Firoozbakht's Hypothesis disproves a known heuristic argument of Granville and Maier. This paper is dedicated to a fellow mathematician, the late Farideh Firoozbakht.
Detection of Fraud Transactions Using Recurrent Neural Network during COVID-19
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Samir , DUTTA SHAWNI
Published: June 2020

Online transactions are becoming more popular in present situation where the globe is facing an unknown disease COVID-19. Now authorities of Countries requested peoples to use cashless transaction as far as possible. Practically it is not always possible to use it in all transactions. Since number of such cashless transactions have been increasing during lockdown period due to COVID-19, fraudulent transactions are also increasing in a rapid way. Fraud can be analysed by viewing a series of customer transactions data that was done in his/her previous transactions. Normally banks or other transaction authorities warned their customers about the transaction If any deviation is noticed by them from available patterns. These authorities think that it is possibly of fraudulent transaction. For detection of fraud during COVID-19, banks and credit card companies are applying various methods such as data mining , decision tree, rule based mining, neural network, fuzzy clustering approach and machine learning methods. These approaches is try to find out normal usage pattern of customers based on their past activities. The objective of this paper is to find out such fraud transactions during such unmanageable situation.Digital payment schemes are often threatened by fraudulent activities. Detecting fraud transaction in during money transfer may save customers from financial loss. Mobile based money transactions are focused in this paper for fraud detection. A Deep Learning (DL) framework is suggested in this paper that monitors and detects fraudulent activities. Implementing and applying recurrent neural network on PaySim generated synthetic financial dataset, deceptive transactions are identified. The proposed method is capable to detect deceptive transactions with an accuracy of 99.87%, F1-Score of 0.99 and MSE of 0.01.
Temperature Extreme May Exaggerate the Mortality Risk of COVID-19 in the Low- and Middle-income Countries: A Global Analysis
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Islam Mahmuda , Shimanto Mehedi Hasan , Ferdous Jannatul , Rahman Abdullah Al-Nur Shanto , Sagor Pabitra Singha , Chowdhury Tahasina
Published: June 2020

We performed a global analysis with data from 149 countries to test whether temperature can explain the spatial variability of the spread rate and mortality of COVID-19 at the global scale. We performed partial correlation analysis and linear mixed effect modelling to evaluate the association of the spread rate and motility of COVID-19 with maximum, minimum, average temperatures and temperature extreme (difference between maximum and minimum temperature) and other environmental and socioeconomic parameters. After controlling the effect of the duration after the first positive case, partial correlation analysis revealed that temperature was not related with the spatial variability of the spread rate of COVID-19. Mortality was negatively related with temperature in the countries with high-income economies. In contrast, temperature extreme was significantly and positively correlated with mortality in the low-and middle-income countries. Taking the country heterogeneity into account, mixed effect modelling revealed that inclusion of temperature as a fixed effect in the model significantly improved model skill predicting mortality in the low-and middle-income countries. Our analysis suggest that warm climate may reduce the mortality rate in high-income economies but in low and middle-income countries temperature extreme may increase the mortality risk.
Самосогласованный расчет основного состояния водородоподобного атома углерода в решетке графена
Authors: Фрейнкман Борис Григорьевич , Freinkman Boris Grigor'evich
Published: June 2020

С открытия графена стартовала эра освоения принципиально новых материалов. Их уникальные свойства уже позволяют создавать множество полезных изделий в электронике, биомедицине и других высокотехнологичных отраслях промышленности. Однако изучение графена и его производных продолжается. До сих пор не до конца понятен механизм образования решетки графена и параметры состояния отдельных ее атомов. Причиной тому служит тот факт, что собственно графен невозможно получить, не положив атомы углерода на поверхность с определенными свойствами. Но в этом случае свойства графена существенно затеняются свойствами самой поверхности. Настоящая работа посвящена созданию модели графена в виде решетки водородоподобных атомов углерода. При этом используется модификация подхода Брандта-Китагавы с экранированными ионами, предложенная нами ранее. В приближении холодной решетки эта модель предполагает, что три валентных атома, ориентированных по линиям связи, принадлежат экранирующей оболочке иона. И только один валентный электрон определяет основное состояние атома решетки и неоднородное угловое распределение его поля.
Нелинейное уравнение Дирака для графена
Authors: Гладких Андрей Андреевич , Gladkikh Andrei Andreevich , Малинецкий Георгий Геннадьевич , Malinetskii Georgii Gennad'evich
Published: June 2020

Рассмотрена возможность введения нелинейной поправки в уравнение Дирака для
графена с целью адекватного описания коллективных электронных явлений. В отличие от ряда работ по указанной теме, нелинейный член включает в себя не разность, а сумму квадратов компонент спинора. Особое внимание уделено равноправности пространственных координат. Исследованы свойства полученного нелинейного уравнения, претендующего на описание высокотемпературного ферромагнетизма в графене без допущений о ключевой роли дефектов структуры в обеспечении эффекта. Проведено численное моделирование с использованием схемы Лакса-Фридрихса, в результате которого получены сведения о динамике электронной
плотности для ряда простейших начальных и краевых условий.
A Wi-Fi IoT prototype for ECG monitoring exploiting a novel Compressed Sensing method
Authors: Balestrieri Eulalia , Daponte Pasquale , De Vito Luca , Picariello Francesco , Rapuano Sergio , Tudosa Ioan
Published: June 2020

The paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT) prototype which consists of a data acquisition device wirelessly connected to Internet via Wi-Fi, for continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. The proposed system performs a novel Compressed Sensing (CS) based method on ECG signal with the aim of reducing the amount of transmitted data, thus realizing an efficient way to increase the battery life of such devices. For the assessment of the energy consumption of the device, an experimental setup was arranged and its description is presented. The evaluation of the reconstruction quality of the ECG signal in terms of Percentage of Root-mean-squared Difference (PRD) is reported for several Compression Ratios (CRs). The obtained experimental results clearly demonstrate the robustness and usefulness of the Wi-Fi based IoT devices adopting the considered CS-method for data compression of ECG signals. Furthermore, it allows reducing the energy consumption of the IoT device, by increasing the CR, without significantly degrading the quality of the reconstructed ECG signal.
SYMBIOSIS OF RUGOSE CORALS WITH THE CYSTOPORATE BRYOZOAN FISTULIPORA PRZHIDOLENSIS IN THE PRIDOLI (LATEST SILURIAN) OF SAAREMAA, ESTONIA
Authors: VINN OLEV , ERNST ANDREJ , WILSON MARK A. , TOOM URSULA
Published: June 2020

In the Silurian, the most common hosts of endobiotic rugose corals were stromatoporoids followed by tabulate corals. Here we describe the relationship between rugose corals and a bryozoan. Solitary rugosans and the cystoporate bryozoan Fistulipora przhidolensis Kopajevich, 1990 formed a symbiotic association in the late Silurian (Pridoli) of Saaremaa, Estonia. The syn vivo nature of the association is indicated by complete intergrowth of both organisms and the perpendicular orientation of the rugosans to the bryozoan growth surface. There are one to seven endobiotic rugosans per bryozoan colony. This is the first detailed study of coral-bryozoan symbiosis from the Silurian; all previous reports describe Late Ordovician, Devonian, or Cenozoic material. The lack of malformations and decrease in the size of bryozoan zooids near the rugosans suggest there were no strong negative effects of the rugosans on the bryozoan. The rugosans likely benefited from their association with the bryozoan, which served as an anchor to stabilize them in hydrodynamically active waters, and the bryozoan may have benefited by protection against some types of predators. The associations described here were most likely mutualistic.
An Integrated Linkage Map Of Interspecific Backcross 2 (Bc2) Populations Reveals Qtls Associated With Fatty Acid Composition And Vegetative Parameters Influencing Compactness In Oil Palm
Authors: Yaakub Zulkifli , Kamaruddin Katialisa , Singh Rajinder , Mustafa Suzana , Marjuni Marhalil , Ting Ngoot-Chin , Amiruddin Mohd Din , Leslie Low Eng-Ti , Cheng-Li Ooi Leslie , Sritha Kandha , Nookiah Rajanaidu , Jansen Johannes , Abdullah Meilina Ong
Published: June 2020

Background Molecular breeding has opened new avenues for crop improvement with the potential for faster progress. As oil palm is the major producer of vegetable oil in the world, its improvement, such as developing compact planting materials and altering its oils’ fatty acid composition for wider application, is important. Results This study sought to identify the QTLs associated with fatty acid composition and vegetative traits for compactness in the crop. It integrated two interspecific backcross two (BC2) mapping populations to improve the genetic resolution and evaluate the consistency of the QTLs identified. A total 1,963 markers (1,814 SNPs and 149 SSRs) spanning a total map length of 1793 cM were integrated into a consensus map. For the first time, some QTLs associated with vegetative parameters and carotene content were identified in interspecific hybrids, apart from those associated with fatty acid composition. The analysis identified 8, 3 and 8 genomic loci significantly associated with fatty acids, carotene content and compactness, respectively. Conclusions Major genomic region influencing the traits for compactness and fatty acid composition was identified in the same chromosomal region in the two populations using two methods for QTL detection. Several significant loci influencing compactness, carotene content and FAC were common to both populations, while others were specific to particular genetic backgrounds. It is hoped that the QTLs identified will be useful tools for marker-assisted selection and accelerate the identification of desirable genotypes for breeding.
The prognostic value of IDO expression in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Sen , Wu Jia , Shen Han , Wang Junjun
Published: June 2020

Background: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolism of tryptophan into kynurenine. It is considered to be an immunosuppressive molecule that plays an important role in the development of tumors. However, the association between IDO and solid tumor prognosis remains unclear. Herein, we retrieved relevant published literature and analyzed the association between IDO expression and prognosis in solid tumors. Methods: Studies related to IDO expression and tumor prognosis were retrieved using PMC, EMbase and web of science database. Overall survival (OS), time to tumor progression (TTP) and other data in each study were extracted. Hazard ratio (HR) was used for analysis and calculation, while heterogeneity and publication bias between studies were also analyzed. Results: A total of 31 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, high expression of IDO was significantly associated with poor OS (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.52–2.43, P<0.001) and TTP (HR 2.25 95% CI 1.58–3.22, P<0.001). However, there was significant heterogeneity between studies on OS (I2=81.1%, P<0.001) and TTP (I2=54.8%, P=0.007). Subgroup analysis showed lower heterogeneity among prospective studies, studies of the same tumor type, and studies with follow-up periods longer than 45 months. Conclusions: The high expression of IDO was significantly associated with the poor prognosis of solid tumors, suggesting that it can be used as a biomarker for tumor prognosis and as a potential target for tumor therapy.
Spatial distribution and associated factors’ of Early Marriage among Reproductive age women in Ethiopia: A Secondary Data Analysis of EDHS 2016.
Authors: Tadesse Zemenu Tessema
Published: June 2020

Background: Besides, the presence of national law, the country has to set up its own mid-term and long term goals to bring about a significant reduction in child marriages in Ethiopia. As my search concerned, there is no study conducted on the spatial distribution of early marriage in Ethiopia. Determining the spatial distribution of early marriage and factors associated is important for government, other concerned bodies, program implementers, and policy developers to end up early childhood marriage. Thus, this study aimed to assess the spatial distribution and associated factors of Early marriage among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods: This study analyzed retrospectively a cross-sectional data on a weighted sample of 11,646 women aged 15-49 years after requesting from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016. ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize spatial distribution for Early marriage. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify significant purely spatial clusters for Early marriage in Ethiopia multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with early marriage. Finally, variables with a p-value<0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: In this analysis, about 62.8% (95%CI: 61.9, 63.74%) of the study participants were married before they reached 18 years. The overall median age at first marriage was 17.1 with IQR 5 years. The high clustering of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella Regions. In spatial Scan statistics, 87 clusters (RR = 1.28) significant primary clusters were identified. The associated factors of early marriage were lesser among women’s attending primary (AOR=0.60; 95%CI: 0.51, 0.71), secondary (AOR=0.19; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.26) and tertiary education (AOR=0.11; 95%CI: 0.07, 0.18). Similarly, women found in Addis Ababa were at a lesser risk of early marriage compared to other regions of the country. Conclusion: Marriage below age 18 is high in Ethiopia. High-risk area of early marriage was located in Amhara, Afar, and Gambella. Governmental and non-governmental organizations should design an effective intervention in these regions to reduce Early marriage. Therefore, providing educational opportunities to young girls was important in addition to inhibiting the marriage of girls under 18 years.
Differential Mirror Neuron System (MNS) Activation During Action Observation with and without Social-Emotional Components in autism: A Meta-Analysis of Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Chan Melody M.Y. , Han Yvonne M.Y.
Published: June 2020

Background Impaired imitation has been found to be an important factor contributing to social communication deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It has been hypothesized that the neural correlate of imitation, the mirror neuron system (MNS), is dysfunctional in ASD, resulting in imitation impairment as one of the key behavioral manifestations in ASD. Previous MNS studies produced inconsistent results, leaving the debate of whether mirror neurons are “broken” in ASD unresolved. Methods This meta-analysis aimed to explore the differences in MNS activation patterns between typically developing (TD) and ASD individuals when they observe biological motions with or without social-emotional components. Effect-size signed differential mapping (ES-SDM) was adopted to synthesize the available fMRI data. Results ES-SDM analysis revealed hyperactivation in the right inferior frontal gyrus and left supplementary motor area in ASD during observation of biological motions. Subgroup analysis of experiments involving the observation of stimuli with or without emotional component revealed hyperactivation in the left inferior parietal lobule and left supplementary motor during action observation without emotional component, whereas hyperactivation of right inferior frontal gyrus was found during action observation with emotional components in ASD. Subgroup analyses of age showed hyperactivation of bilateral inferior frontal gyrus in ASD adolescents, while hyperactivation in the right inferior frontal gyrus was noted in ASD adults. Meta-regression within ASD individuals indicated that right cerebellum crus I activation increased with age, while left inferior temporal gyrus activation decreased with age. Limitations This meta-analysis is limited in its generalization of the findings to individuals with ASD by the restricted age range, heterogeneous study sample, and the large within-group variation in MNS activation patterns during object observation. Furthermore, we only included action observation studies which might limit the generalization of our results to the imitation deficits in ASD. In addition, the relatively small sample size for individual studies might also potentially overestimate the effect sizes. Conclusion The MNS is impaired in ASD. The abnormal activation patterns were found to be modulated by the nature of stimuli and age, which might explain the contradictory results from earlier studies on the “broken mirror neuron” debate.
Laboratory colonization by Dirofilaria immitis alters the microbiome of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Adegoke Abdulsalam , Neff Erik , Geary Amie , Husser Montana Ciara , Wilson Kevin , Norris Shawn Michael , Dharmarajan Guha , Karim Shahid
Published: June 2020

Background: The ability of blood-feeding arthropods to successfully acquire and transmit pathogens of medical and veterinary importance has been shown to be interfered with, or enhanced by, the arthropod’s native microbiome. Mosquitoes transmit viruses, protozoan and filarial nematodes, the majority of which contribute to the 17% of infectious disease cases worldwide. Dirofilaria immitis, a mosquito-transmitted filarial nematodes of dogs and cats, is vectored by several mosquito species including Aedes aegypti.Methods: In this study, we investigated the impact of D. immitis colonization on the microbiome of laboratory reared female Ae. aegypti. Metagenomic analysis of the V3-V4 variable region of the microbial 16S RNA gene was used for identification of the microbial differences down to species level.Results: We generated a total of 1068 OTUs representing 16 phyla, 181 genera and 271 bacterial species. Overall, in order of abundance, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were the most represented phylum with D. immitis-infected mosquitoes having more of Proteobacteria (71%) than uninfected mosquitoes (56.9%). An interesting finding in this study is the detection of Klebsiella oxytoca in relatively similar abundance in infected and uninfected mosquitoes, suggesting a possible endosymbiotic relationship, and has been previously shown to indirectly compete for nutrients with fungi on domestic housefly eggs and larvae. While D. immitis colonization has no effect on the overall species richness, we identified significant differences in the composition of selected bacterial genera and phyla between the two groups. We also reported distinct compositional and phylogenetic differences in the individual bacterial species when commonly identified bacteria were compared.Conclusions: In conclusion, this is the first study to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to understand the impact of a filarial infection on the microbiome of its mosquito vector. Further studies are required to identify bacteria species that could play an important role in the mosquito biology. While the microbiome composition of Ae. aegypti mosquito have been previously reported, our study shows that in an effort to establish itself, a filarial nematode modifies and alters the overall microbial diversity within its mosquito host.
Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study
Authors: Panfil Anca-Livia , Frandes Mirela , Nirestean Aurel , Hurmuz Marinela , Lungeanu Diana , Cristanovici Madalina , Lemeti Laura , Isac Andra , Papava Ion , Bredicean Cristina
Published: June 2020

Background: The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Our study aimed to explore both the coping strategies and defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results: The results of the study indicate that superior defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. Also, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem or the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with non-adaptative defense styles (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X2(34) = 64.324, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.07, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present a profile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.
Topical citicoline and vitamin B12 versus placebo in the treatment of diabetes-related corneal nerve damage: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.
Authors: Fogagnolo Paolo , Melardi Ettore , Tranchina Laura , Rossetti Luca
Published: June 2020

Background: To evaluate the effects of topical citicoline and vitamin B12 (Cit-B12; OMK2, Omikron Italia srl, Italy) on corneal innervation of patients with diabetic neuropathy.Methods: This prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study included thirty patients randomised with a 2:1 ratio to Cit-B12 or placebo 3 times daily for 18 months. At baseline and at months 4,8,12,18 patients underwent the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire (OSDI), tear break-up time, evaluation of corneal and conjunctival staining, Schirmer I test, Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry, and confocal biomicroscopy of corneal sub-basal plexus (SBP). Fiber lenght density (FLD) was calculated using NeuronJ and expressed in mm/mm2. Raw data and differences from baseline were analysed in the two groups. Results: 29/30 patients concluded the study. The two groups had similar FLD at baseline; it progressively improved up to month 18 in both groups (Cit-B12, p<0.0001; controls, <0.0001-0.03); improvement at month 18 vs baseline was higher in Cit-B12 than placebo (33% vs 15%, p=0.04). A progressive amelioration of corneal sensitivity (baseline, 28±18 mm; month 18, 52±10 mm, p<0.0001), conjunctival staining (P=0.04) and OSDI questionnaire (P=0.05) were shown on Cit-B12 group alone. Both treatments were well tolerated and adherence during the study was high.Conclusions: Cit-B12 ameliorated both morphology and function of corneal nerves in patients with diabetes, thus suggesting a neuroregenerative effect. Trial registration NCT03906513, retrospectively registered on 08 April 2019