bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fall and Rise of Diopatra In The Brazilian Coast
Authors: Paiva Paulo Cesar , Amaral Antonia Cecilia Zacagnini , Seixas Victor Corrêa , Petti Mônica A. Varella , Steiner Tatiana Menchini
Published: December 2022

Patches of Diopatra species from Brazilian sandy beaches were followed for ca. 50 years. Data were accessed from papers, gray literature, images and collections to verify time changes in the South Brazilian Bight (SBB) from 1974-2021. We modeled maximum density over time at 15 beaches, observing very high densities (> 100 ind.m-2) in 1974 followed by a decrease (~ 10 ind.m-2) of three species of Diopatra until 1995 and a strong decline (1996-2002) when populations were almost regionally extinct (0-1 ind. m-2). A slight recovery (3-4 ind.m-2) occurred after 2006 for a single species, D. marinae, associated with warmer northern waters, suggesting a range shift. This pattern was associated with a) heatwaves linked to an El-Niño event (1988) and gradual SST surface warming of ca. 1 oC since 1974. The usage of Diopatra spp. as fishing bait could also be associated with such a reduction. After 2016, D. neapolitana, a likely alien species, was established in the SBB in high densities. Projections based on Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) suggest a potential of invasion in the same range of the known species of D. cuprea complex along the Brazilian coast despite that there are no signs of competition between both species.
Design and Development of Instrumented Toys for Social Interactive Assessment of Infant Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Ramanathan Vishal , Ariffin Mohammad Zaidi , Goh Guo Dong , Goh Guo Liang , Rikat Mohammad Adhimas , Tan Xing Xi , Yeong Wai Yee , Ortega Juan-Pablo , Leong Victoria , Campolo Domenico
Published: December 2022

The first years of an infant’s life represent a sensitive period for neurodevelopment and see the emergence of nascent forms of executive function (EF), which are required to support complex cognition. Few tests exist for measuring EF during infancy, and the available tests require painstaking manual coding of infant behaviour. In modern clinical and research practice, human coders collect data on EF performance by manually labelling video recordings of infant behaviour during toy or social interaction. Besides being extremely time-consuming, video annotation is known to be rater-dependent and subjective. To address these issues, starting from existing cognitive flexibility research protocols, we developed instrumented toys as a new task instrumentation and data collection tool suitable for infant use. A commercially available device comprising a Barometer and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) embedded in a 3D-printed lattice structure was used to detect when and how the infant interacts with the toy. The data collected using the instrumented toys provides a rich dataset describing the sequence of toy interaction and individual toy interaction patterns, from which EF-relevant aspects of infant cognition may be inferred. Such a tool potentially provides an objective, reliable, and scalable method of collecting early developmental data in socially interactive contexts.
Design and Implementation of an Environmental Planning Analysis Platform based on the "Three Lines One Permit"
Authors: Zhang Xuya , Yuan Kuikui , Lv Hongdi , Yu Lei , Qin Changbo
Published: December 2022

Currently, an interactive environmental planning analysis system platform based on " Three Lines One Permit " (TLOP) is being developed to support environmental planning, construction project approval, and the application of TLOP outcome data in Guangzhou. The main objective is to provide governments, businesses and the public with environmental planning analysis tools to determine the site of construction projects. The platform is using the system architecture of the browser and server. Its core functions are interactive environmental planning analysis tool for construction project and the results display tool supporting map viewing. It provides users with a large number of detailed geospatial data and TLOP results data access and environmental planning analysis functions. This article describes the system architecture and implementation of the system platform and has a case study illustrating the system functionality. At present, the platform has been deployed and trial-operated. The content of the analysis framework is constantly expanding. This promotes the matching of environmental planning and analysis with local conditions. This will implement the application of TLOP and improve the efficiency of project construction and the level of ecological environment planning and management.
Coquaternions, Metric Invariants of Biologic Systems and Malignant Transformations
Authors: Davydyan Garri
Published: December 2022

Different hypotheses of carcinogenesis have been proposed based on local genetic factors and physiologic mechanisms. It is assumed that changes of the metric invariants of a biologic system (BS) determine general mechanisms of cancer development. Numerous data demonstrate an existence of three invariant feedback patterns of BS: negative feedback (NFB), positive feedback (PFB) and reciprocal links (RL). These base patterns represent basis elements of a Lie algebra sl(2,R) and imaginary part of coquaternion. Considering coquaternion as a model of a functional core of a BS, conditions of the system can be identified with the points of three families of hypersurfaces in R42: hyperboloids of one sheet, hyperboloids of two sheets and double-cones. Corresponding quadratic form relates negative and positive entropy contributions of base elements to the energy level of the system, so that anabolic states of the system will correspond to the points of a hyperboloid of one sheet, while catabolic conditions to the points of a hyperboloid of two sheets. Equilibrium states will lie in a double cone. Hypothetically anabolic and catabolic states dominate intermittently oscillating around the equilibrium. Deterioration of base elements increases positive entropy and causes domination of catabolic states which is the main metabolic determinant of cancer. Corresponding trajectory of a malfunctioning system will have a tendency to remain inside the double cone.
SMN Deficiency Destabilizes ABCA1 Expression in Human Fibroblasts. Novel Insights in Pathophysiology of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Gabanella Francesca , Onori Annalisa , Pisani Cinzia , Fiore Marco , Ferraguti Giampiero , Colizza Andrea , De Vincentiis Marco , Ceccanti Marco , Inghilleri Maurizio , Corbi Nicoletta , Passananti Claudio , Di Certo Maria Grazia
Published: December 2022

The deficiency of Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein causes Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), a rare neuromuscular disease that affects different organs. SMN is a key player in RNA metabolism regulation. An intriguing aspect of SMN function is its relationship with plasma membrane-associated proteins. Here, we provide a first demonstration that SMN affects the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1, (ABCA1), a membrane protein critically involved in cholesterol homeostasis. In human fibroblasts, we showed that SMN associates to ABCA1 mRNA, and impacts its subcellular distribution. Consistent with the central role of ABCA1 in the efflux of free cholesterol from cells, we observed a cholesterol accumulation in SMN-depleted human fibroblasts. These results were also confirmed in a SMA type I patient-derived fibroblasts. These findings not only validate the intimate connection between SMN and plasma mem-brane-associated proteins, but also highlight a contribution of dysregulated cholesterol efflux in SMA pathophysiology.
KAJIAN KUAT LEKAT PADA BETON BUBUK REAKTIF DENGAN SILICA FUME 15% DAN VARIASI PASIR KUARSA
Authors: Wibowo Wibowo , Purwanto Purwanto , Rizka Maulidah Nur
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan teknologi konstruksi menuntut kebutuhan material beton dengan durabilitas dan kinerja yang tinggi sehingga memiliki struktur yang tahan terhadap berbagai kondisi. Beton memiliki karakteristik dapat menahan kuat tekan yang tinggi namun lemah dalam menahan gaya tarik. Penambahan baja tulangan pada beton dapat menahan momen pada bagian penampang yang rawan akan keretakan dan meningkatkan kuat tarik pada beton. Beton bertulang harus memiliki nilai kuat lekat yang tinggi antara beton dan tulangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek penambahan silica fume 15% dan variasi pasir kuarsa pada kuat lekat beton bubuk reaktif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental. Benda uji pada penelitian ini beruba kubus dengan sisi 20 cm dan tulangan ulir berdiameter 10 cm. Pengujian kuat lekat dilakukan pada beton berumur 28 hari dengan melakukan pull out test dan mencatat beban yang terbaca pada Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Hasil pengujian kuat lekat beton saat beban maksimum pada benda uji kubus berukuran 20 cm dengan variasi pasir kuarsa 0%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, dan 40% masing-masing adalah 19,80 MPa; 21,35 MPa; 21,78 MPa; 22,55 MPa; 22,97 MPa; 22,82 MPa, dan 22,13 MPa.

Kata Kunci : beton bubuk reaktif, kuat lekat, silica fume, pasir kuarsa
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENT BOREDOM LEARNING DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: Nafiah Maratun , Lestari Ika , Zahra Afnitya
Published: December 2022

Almost all sectors of life have felt the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Education is one of the sectors that feel the effect. Schools conduct distance learning to minimize the spread of the COVID-19 virus. As a result, many students experience various emotions, one of which is boredom. This study analyzes learning boredom between male and female elementary school students in Jakarta, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The research method used is descriptive quantitative with data in the form of a closed questionnaire where respondents are given five alternative answers. Furthermore, it is investigated whether there is a difference in boredom between men and women. This research was conducted with 23 male students and 20 female students in elementary school. The results showed boredom in male and female students caused by psychological factors, situational factors, and cultural factors. There are differences in learning boredom between male and female students, but not statistically significant.

 

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; distance learning; boredom learning; elementary school.
DISCIPLINE ATTITUDE OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Hadi Waluyo , Lestari Ika , Nafiah Maratun , Hidayah Siti Nurul
Published: December 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has hit Indonesia for about a year, and many activities have shifted online. No exception in the field of education. Learning is done online or in distance learning. The existence of distance learning does not rule out the possibility of bringing a change, including student discipline. This study has a purpose, namely to determine the field of elementary school students during distance learning. Descriptive quantitative is used as a method in conducting this research. Respondents in this study were 41 students at the State Elementary School 02 Pagelaran, Pemalang, Central Java. Filling out the questionnaire was used as a way to collect data. The results showed that at the time of distance learning, students' discipline was included in the moderate category with 46%, and the results could not be generalized to all elementary school levels in Indonesia.
Stratigraphic Drilling in the Northern Kara Sea: First Case and Preliminary Results
Authors: Malyshev N.A. , Verzhbitskii V.E. , Skaryatin M.V. , Balagurov M.D. , Ilyushin D.V. , Kolyubakin A.A. , Gubareva O.A. , Gatovskii Y.A. , Lakeev V.G. , Lukashev R.V. , Stupakova A.V. , Suslova A.A. , Obmetko V.V. , Komissarov D.K.
Published: December 2022

—Until recently, the sedimentary cover age and composition of the marginal North Kara Basin (northern part of the Kara Sea, Russian Arctic) remained uncertain because of the absence of direct data from parametric and exploration wells. Taking into consideration the absolute importance of these issues for understanding the regional geology of the Arctic shelf and evaluating its petroleum potential, Rosneft Oil Company, together with AO RosGeo, drilled ten shallow stratigraphic wells in fall 2020 using the research vessel (RV) Bavenit to reveal the complete stratigraphic range of the North Kara Basin. The ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) seismic survey was carried out by the RV Kapitan Voronin to adjust the well site locations and integrate the well sections into the regional geological model based on 2D seismic data during the drilling campaign. As a result, 300 m core was recovered from 11 Paleozoic and two Mesozoic stratigraphic units, previously investigated by 2D seismic and outcrop studies of the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago. Lab analyses (biostratigraphy, lithology, sedimentology, geochemistry, and other types of core analysis) were performed at Lomonosov Moscow State University. We present obtained lab results confirming that the main part of the North Kara Basin section belongs to the Paleozoic; late Cambrian–Late Devonian rock ages have been derived. Several Paleozoic units tend to be older than those in previously published models. Core samples include mainly terrigenous rocks with insignificant carbonate presence. Paleozoic units are overlain by a thin Mesozoic terrigenous section dated from Middle Triassic to Middle Jurassic above a distinct angular unconformity. After a thorough analysis of all the lab results, we will obtain data on the ages of sedimentary units, as well as their lithology and depositional environments, and establish elements of the hydrocarbon system (source rocks, reservoirs, and seals) to evaluate the North Kara Basin petroleum potential with lesser uncertainty. We suppose that our results will significantly contribute to establishing a stratigraphic framework, reconstructing the basin history, and evaluating the petroleum potential of the whole Arctic region.
Globalização e transportes: Estabelecendo conexões e ordenamento do espaço geográfico para alunos do Ensino Médio.
Authors: Rocha Gustavo , Boligian Levon
Published: December 2022

Este plano de aula tem por objetivo relacionar o processo da globalização e a interligação dos modelos de transportes, ele é voltado ao aluno do 2º Ano do Ensino Médio, utilizando aplicativos comuns entre o estudante desta faixa etária, (Google Maps, Mindomo e Canvas). Enfatizando a escala global de análise e objetivando que o estudante reflita sobre a produção e o consumo no mundo globalizado e relacione-os com a evolução tecnológica das redes de transportes, através dos diferentes modelos e tipos de transportes disponíveis.
The role of Sonic Hedgehog pathway in the development of spinal cord injury in rat model
Authors: Zhang Gensheng , Chen Weiting , Wang Hongyang , Chen Jianping , Tang Min , Lin Bin , Lin Aini , Lin Xiaoyan , Wang Yesong
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore whether and how the Shh pathway exert a neuroprotective effect in SCI. The SCI model of rat was established by a Allen's weight-drop method. Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: Control, Sham, SCI model, SCI + Shh activator, and SCI + Shh inbibitor. Rats in group of Shh activator or inbibitor were administrated with purmorphamine (10 mg/kg) or cyclopamine (10 mg/kg) respectively daily within one week after establishment of SCI model. Scores of BBB and Reuter were evaluated at the time-points of 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day. The pathological injury, the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α and the protein and mRNA expressions of Gli1, Shh and Smoothened in spinal cord tissue were assessed on 7th day, respectively. Rat treated with purmorphamine exhibited a significant increase in BBB score in comparison with SCI group. Interestingly, purmorphamine treatment declined SCI-induced increases in the levels of IL-1 β and TNF-α, whereas cyclopamine administration up-regulated their expressions of these inflammatory cytokines. The pyknotic neuronal cells in gray matter area of the spinal cord and the area of cavity in white matter area were reduced in purmorphamine treatment when compared with SCI group, whereas treatment with cyclopamine elicited an opposite changes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Shh activator plays an important protective role in the development of SCI in rat model, which might provide a new strategy via targeting Shh pathway to prevent or treat SCI in the future.
An Untargeted Genome-Wide SNP Investigation of Chemical Intolerance
Authors: Palmer Raymond F , Almeida Marcio , Perales Roger B. , Rincon Rudy , Miller Claudia S.
Published: December 2022

Background
Chemical Intolerance (CI) is characterized by multi-system symptoms initiated by exposures to environmental toxins. Symptoms include fatigue, headache, mood changes, musculoskeletal pain, gastro-intestinal issues, difficulties with memory/concentration. With mixed results, researchers have used targeted genetic approaches to understand the genetic pathways associated with CI. This study is the first to apply a genome-wide untargeted exploratory approach.
Methods
A high-density genotyping platform was used to perform a hypothesis-free search for genetic variants associated with CI in a set of 200 participants. Each CI patient was verified using a validated survey. The association between CI and SNPs was obtained using SOLAR (Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines). Gene-Chemical-Disease interactions were determined using the DisGeNET Database.
Results
Several associated SNPs/genes were identified with either increased or decreased risk of CI. Four chemicals were found to alter gene expression (bisphenol A, valproic acid, aflatoxin B, and benzo(a)pyrene). There were common adverse health effects associated with the genes and the chemicals that influence them, including inflammation, gastrointestinal and immune system disorders, nervous system diseases, and intellectual disabilities.
Discussion
This study supports evidence of novel genetic components associated with CI that may interact with common ubiquitous chemical and drug exposures affecting gene expression. The identified health consequences are common to individuals with CI and implies gene/chemical exposure interactions that may influence the development or exacerbation of symptoms associated with CI. The identified chemicals affecting these genes are ubiquitous environmental toxins, entering the body through air, food, and water, suggesting the need for greater public health policy efforts.
Clinical XLNet-based End-to-End Knowledge Discovery on Clinical Text Data using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Pagad Naveen S , N Pradeep , Chakrabarti Tulika , Chakrabarti Prasun , Elngar Ahmed A. , Margala Martin , Nami Mohammad , Sharma Neha , Frimpong Samuel
Published: December 2022

A modern framework for assessing patient histories and conducting clinical research has been developed as the number of clinical narratives evolves. To discover the knowledge from such clinical narratives, clinical entity recognition and relation extraction tasks were performed subsequently in existing approaches, which resulted in error propagation. Therefore, a novel end-to-end clinical knowledge discovery strategy has been proposed in this paper. The clinical XLNet was used as a base model for handling the discrepancy issue. To predict the dependent clinical relation association, the multinomial Naïve Bayes probability function has been incorporated. In order to improve the performance of the proposed strategy, it takes into account entity pairs presented consecutively through the multi-head attention layer. Tests have been conducted using the N2C2 corpus, and the proposed methodology achieves a greater than 20% improvement in accuracy over existing neural network-based and transformer-based methods.
Multi-Task Mixture Density Graph Neural Networks for Predicting Cu-based Single-Atom Alloy Catalysts for CO2 Reduction
Authors: Zou Xiaolong , Liang Chen , Wang Bowen , Hao Shaogang , Chen Guangyong , Heng Pheng-Ann
Published: December 2022

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have drawn more and more attention from material scientists and demonstrated a strong capacity to establish connections between the structure and properties. However, with only unrelaxed structures provided as input, few GNN models can predict the thermodynamic properties of relaxed configurations with an acceptable level of error. In this work, we develop a multi-task (MT) architecture based on DimeNet++ and mixture density networks to improve the performance of such task. Taking CO adsorption on Cu-based single-atom alloy catalysts as an example, our method can reliably predict CO adsorption energy with a mean absolute error of 0.087 eV from the initial CO adsorption structures without costly first-principles calculations. Further, compared to other state-of-the-art GNN methods, our model exhibits improved generalization ability when predicting catalytic performance of out-of-domain configurations, built with either unseen substrate surfaces or doping species. The proposed MT GNN strategy can facilitate the catalyst discovery and optimization process.
FAM3 family genes are associated with prognostic value of human cancer: a pan-cancer analysis
Authors: Dong Qing-Tai , Ma Dan-Dan , Gong Qi , Lin Zhen-Yu , Li Zhong-Hu , Ye Jia-Xin , Qin Chun-Hui , Jin Wei-Dong , Zhang Jian-Xin , Zhang Zhi-Yong
Published: December 2022

Background: Family with sequence similarity three member (FAM3) plays a crucial role in the malignant development of various cancers of human. Our study aimed to investigate the role of FAM3 family genes in prognosis, immune subtype, tumor immune microenvironment, stemness score, and anticancer drug sensitivity of pan-cancer.
Methods: The expression, survival, immune subtype, tumor microenvironment, stemness score, and anticancer drug sensitivity analysis data of FAM3 family genes associated with pan-cancer from UCSC Xena GDC and CellMiner databases. Furthermore, we investigated the tumor cellular functions and clinical prognostic value FAMC3 in pancreatic cancer (PAAD) using cellular experiments and tissue microarray.
Results: The results revealed that FAM3 family genes are significantly differential expression in tumor and adjacent normal tissues in 7 cancers (CHOL, HNSC, KICH, LUAD, LUSC, READ, and STAD). The expression of FAM3 family genes were negatively related with the RNAss, and robust correlated with immune type, tumor immune microenvironment and drug sensitivity. Meanwhile, overexpression FAM3C promoted PAAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion and suppressed PAAD cell apoptosis. While knockdown of FAM3C triggered opposite results. High FAM3C expression was associated with duodenal invasion, differentiation and liver metastasis.
Conclusion: This study provided a new perspective on the potential therapeutic role of FAM3 family genes in pan-cancer. In particular, FAM3C may be a new marker for PAAD, providing a new idea for the treatment of PAAD.
Spatial landslide risk assessment in a highly populated Rohingya refugee settlement area of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Sami Md. Shamsudduha , Hoque Muhammad Al-Amin , Moniruzzaman Md. , Pradhan Biswajeet
Published: December 2022

In recent time, landslide has become the major concern in the southeast part of Bangladesh. The study aims to develop comprehensive landslide risk mapping by applying the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geospatial techniques in Ukhiya and Teknaf Upazilas (highly populated Rohingya Refugee Settlement area) located in the southeast part of Bangladesh. To assess the landslide risk, 12 influencing criteria of hazard, vulnerability and exposure such as precipitation intensity, landslide inventory, distance to fault line, stream density, distance to stream network, elevation, aspect, slope, geology, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), landuse-landcover (LULC), and population density have been selected under the relevant components of risk. The spatial criteria were weighted using AHP, and the weighted overlay techniques were used to produce the risk map. The findings demonstrate that 2.19% of the total area is classified as a very-high risk zone and 12.74% is categorized as a high-risk zone. Moderate risk areas cover 23.08% of the total area. The risk map is validated by the landslides inventory. The outcomes can be used by any of the concerned authorities to take the necessary steps to reduce the impact of landslides.
Social satisfaction evaluation in urban physical examination — a case study of Qingdao
Authors: Ding Kexin , Xu Jun , Yang Hui , Yang Wenqing
Published: December 2022

On the occasion of the fourth anniversary of General Secretary Xi Jinping's visit to Shandong, this paper takes the case of Qingdao city health examination and adopts the social satisfaction evaluation system to highlight the idea of "people-oriented". The purpose of city health examination is to identify "urban illnesses" and suggest the appropriate treatment. Qingdao City introduced the social satisfaction evaluation index system in the city health examination, and summarized the problems in the city construction and management through the satisfaction evaluation results, and found that the overall satisfaction score and satisfaction performance of the residents were relatively low, primarily due to: 1) the unbalanced spatial layout of infrastructure and public service facilities in each district in the city; and 2) the unbalanced spatial layout of infrastructure and public service facilities in each district in the city. 3) Housing price polarization and a lack of housing inclusion. 4) The issue of problematic parking remains unresolved. The article makes a suggestion
Drug discovery-based approach identifies improved nitrification inhibitors
Authors: Beeckman Fabian , Drozdzecki Andrzej , De Knijf Alexa , Corrochano-Monsalve Mario , Bodé Samuel , Blom Pieter , Goeminne Geert , Gonzalez-Murua Carmen , Lücker Sebastian , Boeckx Pascal , Stevens Christian , Audenaert Dominique , Beeckman Tom , Motte Hans
Published: December 2022

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is crucial to sustain global food security, but fertilizer N production is energy-demanding and subsequent environmental N losses contribute to biodiversity loss and climate change. To mitigate the environmental impact of N-fertilizers, nitrification inhibitors can be applied to produce so-called enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs), which effectively reduce nitrogen pollution. However, current nitrification inhibitors have limitations and do not target all nitrifying microorganisms. Hence, to identify broad-spectrum nitrification inhibitors, we adopted a drug discovery-based approach and screened 45,400 small molecules on different groups of nitrifying microorganisms. Although a high number of potential nitrification inhibitors were identified, none of them targeted all nitrifier groups. However, co-applying different types of inhibitors resulted in a synergistic effect, both in the reduction of ammonium consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, beyond what is achieved with currently applied nitrification inhibitors. This advocates for combining different types of nitrification inhibitors in EEFs to render agriculture more sustainable.
Synthesis, Characterization and Enhanced Electrical Properties of Polyaniline-Tungsten Oxide Composites by in-situ Polymerization Technique
Authors: Manjunatha B , Shweta.C.Gumma  , Nagajyoti  , Rahul Jabnoor , SunilKumar A , Sangshetty Kalyane , Anilkumar G.Bidve
Published: December 2022

The conducting polyaniline (PANI) and PANI doped with tungsten oxide (WO3) with varying wt% of WO3 are prepared by using in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The X-ray diffraction it clearly reveals that pure PANI is amorphous whereas PANI/WO3 composites are in crystalline in nature. The electrical conductivity studied by four probe technique at 30–200°C. All the composites showed increase in conductivity values with the increase in WO3 content where the composite with 45% WO3 content showed highest value of 0.12 S/cm while the lowest conductivity of 0.06 S/cm was found in 5% WO3 content composite. The dielectric constant shows unusual response with respect to frequency with very high dielectric constant of 4.191X103 at 3X106 Hz for 45 wt% of WO3 in PANI, which attributes to the stronger localization of charge carriers and electrical relaxation processes.
PM2.5 concentration forecasting in the area of Jing-Jin-Ji using models based on RF, RR, SVM, and ExtraTrees
Authors: Ma Xin , Chen Tengfei , Ge Rubing , Xv Fan , Cui Caocao , Li Junpeng
Published: December 2022

In this paper 4 types of machine learning models, i.e., Random forest mode, Ridge regression model, Support vector machine model, and Extremely randomized trees model were adopted to predict PM2.5 based on multi-sources data including air quality, and meteorological data in time series. Data were fed into the model by using rolling prediction method which is proven to improve prediction accuracy in our experiments. The comparative experiments show that at the city level, RF and ExtraTrees models have better predictive results and on season level 4 models all have the best prediction performances in winter time and the worst in the summer time and RF model have the best prediction performance with the IA ranging from 0.93 to 0.98, with an MAE of 5.91 to 11.68 ug/m3. Consequently, the demonstration of models’ different performances in each city and each season is expected to shed a light on environmental policy implications.
Usefulness of texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) in early gastric cancer found after Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Shijimaya Takuya , Tahara Tomomitsu , Uragami Tomio , Yano Narumi , Tokutomi Yutaro , Uwamori Atsushi , Nishimon Shuhei , Kobayashi Sanshiro , Matsumoto Yasushi , Nakamura Naohiro , Okazaki Takashi , Takahashi Yu , Tomiyama Takashi , Honzawa Yusuke , Fukata Norimasa , Fukui Toshiro , Naganuma Makoto
Published: December 2022

Early-stage gastric cancer (EGC) found after Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication is often difficult to diagnose using conventional white light (WL) endoscopy. We aimed to evaluate whether Texture and Color Enhancement Imaging (TXI), a new image-enhanced endoscopy enhances the EGC lesions after Hp eradication. We also compared diagnostic accuracy and lesion detection time between WL and TXI in trainee endoscopists. 58 EGC lesions after successful Hp eradication were enrolled. Using endoscopic images in WLI, TXI mode 1 (TXI1), and TXI mode 2 (TXI2), visibility of EGC was assessed by six expert endoscopists using a subjective score. Mean color differences (Δ E) of four matched adjacent and intra-tumoral points were examined. Using randomly allocated images, diagnostic accuracy and lesion detection time were evaluated in three trainee endoscopists. Visibility score was unchanged (Score 0) in 20.7% (12/58) and 45.6% (26/57), slightly improved (Score 1) in 60.3% (35/58) and 52.6% (30/57), obviously improved (Score 2) in 45.6% (26/58) and 1.8% (1/57), in TXI1 and TXI2 compared to WL, respectively. Mean ΔE ± SEM in TXI1 (22.90 ± 0.96), and TXI2 (15.32 ± 0.71) were higher than that in WL (1.88 ± 0.26, both P < 0.0001). TXI1 presented higher diagnostic accuracy compared to WL, in two of three trainees (94.8% vs. 74.1%, 100% vs. 89.7%, P = 0.003; <0.005, respectively). Lesion detection time was shorter in TXI1 in two of three trainees (P = 0.006, 0.004, respectively) compared to WL. TXI improves visibility of EGC after Hp eradication that may contribute to correct diagnosis.
Assessment of birth preparedness and complication readiness and associated factors among reproductive age women in Wonago district, Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Mathewos Nebiyou , Shaka Mohammed Feyisso , Tesfaye Solomon Hailemariam
Published: December 2022

Background: Pregnancy related complications cannot be reliably predicted. Hence, it is particularly important that all births are planned as well as attended by skilled attendants as timely management and treatment can make the difference between life and death.This study was aimed to assess the current status of birth preparedness and complication readiness in Wonago district, Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia from May 01-27, 2017
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was employed using multi-stage sampling technique to recruit a total of 462 women. Interview was done using semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire. A woman was considered prepared for birth and its complications if at least three of the five items (Identify place of delivery, saving money for childbirth, identify a mode of transport, identifying a potential blood donor, skilled provider at birth) were identified by the women Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was also done to assess factors independently associated with the outcome variable.
Result: Among the total 459 respondents, 130(28.3 %%) of them identified their place of birth, 298(64.9%) had saved money, 85(18.5%) had identified a skilled provider, 145(31.6%) had arranged a mode of transportation and 8(1.7%) of them prepared a blood donor in case of emergency before partum. Only 73(15.9%) women were well prepared for birth and its complications as per the recommendation. Regarding pregnancy related risks, 122(26.6%), 114(24.8%) and 73(16%) of them had good knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy, labour and post-partum periods respectively. Antenatal care follow up, knowledge of key danger signs during labour and husband’s income were significantly associated with birth preparedness practice.
Conclusion: This study revealed a very low practice of birth preparedness (15.9%) in the area with better preparedness in identifying place of birth. Community based education about birth preparedness with special emphasis on knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy, labour and postpartum periods and associated factors is needs further emphasis.
Water quality parameters as early warning indicators in earthquake risk management: A case of study Mount Kinabalu in the district of Ranau, Sabah in Malaysia
Authors: Anuar Aznah , Ros Faizah Che , Ghalehteimouri Kamran Jafarpour
Published: December 2022

On June 5, 2015, a 6.0 magnitude earthquake shook Mount Kinabalu in the region of Ranau, Sabah. By integrating and increasing synergies among the components of effective early warning systems, impact-based forecasting and warning services aim to bridge the gap between warning information producers and users. This study evaluates the water quality of the Liwagu River, which is located in the earthquake zone of the 2015 Ranau Earthquake, to see if it may be used as an early warning indicator for earthquake risk management in the area. From 2013 to 2019, data on 11 parameters was gathered and recorded monthly to assess their impact on water quality before, during, and after the 2015 Ranau earthquake. This is done by computing the mean value for each water quality parameter for the whole year under normal conditions, as well as for a set period before and after the June 2015 Ranau earthquake. The data is tabulated and projected onto a graph to look for any patterns, and it can be seen that some parameters, such as Aluminum, Color, Dissolved Oxygen, Iron, Manganese, Nitrate, and Turbidity, showed clear patterns. Data from the aforementioned parameters were then fitted to any seismic activities on relevant dates and tested using mathematical and computational methods to predict an event, in this case, an earthquake. By making time-based modifications to the model inputs, which are the water quality parameters that show promising patterns after screening, a mathematical model is utilized to forecast earthquakes. To accurately calculate a dynamic system reaction to water quality data, a NonLinear AutoRegresive with the eXogenous model is first identified (NLARX). All parameters must fulfill at least 89% of the best-fit data for modeling and validation. As a result, the formulated model based on all factors can be utilized as an early warning system for earthquake prediction in the future with high confidence, limited to the parameters and the area.
Effect of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning on Prediction of Hip Fracture Risk: Systematic Review
Authors: Cha Yonghan , Kim Jung-Taek , Kim Jin-Woo , Lee Sang Yeob , Yoo Jun-Il , Seo Sung Hyo
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Worldwide, 158 million people over the age of 50 are estimated to have high risk of osteoporotic fractures. It is important to prevent the occurrence of primary fractures by diagnosing and treating osteoporosis at an early stage. Dual energy absorptiometry (DEXA) is one of the preferred modality for screening or diagnosis of osteoporosis and can predict the risk of hip fracture to some extent. However, the DEXA test may be difficult to implement easily in some developing countries and fractures have been observed before patients underwent DEXA. The purpose of this systematic review is to search for studies that predict the risk of hip fracture using AI or ML, organize the results of each study, and analyze the usefulness of this technology.
Methods: PubMed Central, OVID Medline, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and AHRQ databases were searched to identify relevant studies published up to June 2022 with English language restriction. The following search terms were used ("hip fractures"[MeSH Terms] OR ("hip"[All Fields] AND "fractures"[All Fields]) OR "hip fractures"[All Fields] OR ("hip"[All Fields] AND "fracture"[All Fields]) OR "hip fracture"[All Fields]) AND ("artificial intelligence"[MeSH Terms] OR ("artificial"[All Fields] AND "intelligence"[All Fields]) OR "artificial intelligence"[All Fields]).
Results: 7 studies are included in this study. The total number of subjects included in the 7 studies was 330,099. There were 3 studies that included only women, and 4 studies included both men and women. One study conducted AI training after 1:1 matching between fractured and non-fractured patients. The AUC of AI prediction model for hip fracture risk was 0.39–0.96. The accuracy of AI prediction model for hip fracture risk was 70.26–90%.
Conclusion: We believe that predicting the risk of hip fracture by the AI model will help select patients with high fracture risk among osteoporosis patients. However, in order to apply the AI model to the prediction of hip fracture risk in clinical situations, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of the dataset and AI model and use it after performing appropriate validation.
Brief Discussion on the Mathematics Behind Extinctions A Detailed Statistical Assay on the Population Density of Northern White Rhinoceros
Authors: Choudhury Manan Roy , Banerjee Ishan
Published: December 2022

Species extinctions have been a significant part in disturbing the biodiversity. This creates an importance in trying to simulate the populations of the species of interest to get an idea when its population looks threateningly low. We will try to get an idea regarding the mathematics working behind the prediction of the extinction time of a creature. We will briefly overview the associated ideas and how the predictions work mathematically. We will also take a real - life example to understand the idea better. A detailed statistical assay is being carried out using deterministic and non-deterministic approaches to study the Northern White Rhinoceros population curve. Probability heuristics is used along with its terminologies to analyze the extinction of Northern White Rhinoceros.
Role of adrenal venous sampling in the differential diagnosis of ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome with bilateral adrenal mass
Authors: An Xingxing , Chen Tao , Mo Dan , Wu Nianwei , Shen Sikui , Zhang Dan , Zhang Tingting , Tian Haoming , Li Yuanmei , Li Jianwei , Zhu Yuchun , Ren Yan
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The diagnosis and management of corticotropin-independent Cushing’s syndrome (AICS) with bilateral adrenal mass remain challenging. Some studies have explored the value of adrenal vein sampling (AVS) in patients with AICS; however, more investigations are needed to assess its benefits for diagnosis and treatment planning in this population.
Methods: Ten patients with imaging and biochemical evidence of AICS received AVS at our institution from 2017-2021, and their data, including demographics, laboratory results, adrenal mass and clinical characteristics, were analyzed. Serum cortisol and plasma aldosterone concentrations of the adrenal vein and inferior vena cava were measured. AVS-guided adrenalectomy was performed. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the adrenal tissues were analyzed. The prognosis was evaluated based on symptomatic improvement, serum cortisol normalization or both.
Results: Bilateral adrenal mass were noted via computed tomography imaging in ten patients. The mean (± SD) maximal diameter of the adrenal mass was 1.84±0.93 cm (0.4-3.4 cm). Blood samples were successfully collected from both adrenal veins and inferior vena cava in seven patients, with lateralization index values ranging from 1.00-3.38. Blood from the right adrenal vein was not collected in three patients; instead of the lateralization index, their left adrenal vein to inferior vena cava cortisol gradient was analyzed. The AVS and postoperative pathological results were consistent. During the mean follow-up of 45.7 months, all ten patients achieved clinical improvement.
Conclusion: Our study suggested that AVS helps distinguish unilateral disease from bilateral disease and localize autonomous hypercortisolism glands, thereby improving therapeutic strategy selection for patients with AICS and bilateral adrenal mass.
Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus and other glycemic traits with the risk of NAFLD
Authors: Guo Ziwei , Kong Deming , Du Hongbo , Yun Zhangjun , Zhang Jiaxin , Li Xiaoke , Ye Yong'an
Published: December 2022

Extensive observational evidence has proposed an association between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the causal relationship between these two diseases requires further investigation. Therefore, we assessed the potential causal relationship between NAFLD and T2DM and other glycaemic traits using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR).We selected fasting insulin, T2DM, fasting glucose and Hemoglobin A1c(Hb1Ac) from meta-analyses of four genome-wide association studies (GWASs). GWAS data for NAFLD were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. MR analysis was accomplished using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median (WM) method, and MR-Egger regression analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy.The results showed that only fasting insulin and T2DM were significantly causally related to the risk of NAFLD when combined with the FinnGen consortium [fasting insulin, odds ratio (OR): 9.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.66–34.16; P = 0.0005, T2DM :OR: 1.20; 95% CI 1.00- 1.45; P = 0.0497]. No significant association was observed between fasting glucose and HbA1c and the risk of NAFLD.This study supports the independent causal role of fasting insulin and T2DM in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, both of which are risk factors for the development of NAFLD.
FNDC5/irisin mediates hallmark brain alterations and cognitive impairment in acute intestinal injury/disease
Authors: Tan Yafang , Chen Ye , Bai Yiping , Zhang Shun , Yang Chengjie , Feng Jianguo , Jia Jing , Wang Xiaobin , Zhou Jun
Published: December 2022

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury is a highly-lethal clinical problem and communication between intestine-brain axis is vital. Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying the changes are yet unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether FNDC5/irisin plays a role in the progressive cerebral injury and cognitive deficit following II/R and reveal the mechanisms. Herein, the II/R-treated FNDC5/irisin knockout mice models demonstrated that FNDC5/irisin deficiency aggravates cognitive deficit, the pro-inflammation microglia activation, oxidative injury, inflammatory response, and neuronal apoptosis, while recombinant FNDC5/irisin promotes the beneficial phenotype polarization of microglia and improves the 7-day survival rate, cognitive deficit, and cerebral injury after II/R. Mechanistically, TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway was activated in the II/R-induced cerebral injury and was deteriorated in FNDC5/irisin knockout mice. However, supplementing with recombinant FNDC5/irisin suppressed the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway. The in vitro results showed that FNDC5/irisin promotes the M2 microglial phenotype in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated BV2 cells, thereby alleviating the LPS-induced neurotoxic effects of BV2 cells on hippocampal HT22 neurons. Furthermore, the overexpression of TXNIP abolished the recombinant FNDC5/irisin-mediated improvements, in vivo and in vitro. These data provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of II/R-induced cerebral injury and cognitive deficit, and defined FNDC5/irisin as a promising therapeutic target for improving II/R-mediated acute neuropsychiatric phenotypes.
Extracellular vesicle-associated microRNA signatures related to vascular invasion in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shimada Yoshihisa , Yoshioka Yusuke , Kudo Yujin , Mimae Takahiro , Miyata Yoshihiro , Adachi Hiroyuki , Ito Hiroyuki , Okada Morihito , Ohira Tatsuo , Ochiya Takahiro , Ikeda Norihiko
Published: December 2022

Vascular invasion (VI) is a fundamental step toward the spread of cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) promote cellular communication by shuttling cargo, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). However, whether EV-associated miRNAs serve as biomarkers for VI remains unclear. This study aimed to identify EV-associated miRNAs related to VI and validate the miRNA levels from patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LADC). Blood samples were collected from patients undergoing pulmonary resection for stage I LADC before surgery. The patients were classified into three groups according to the presence of VI and postoperative recurrence. Serum-derived EVs in the derivation cohort were used for small RNA sequencing, while the selected VI miRNA candidates were validated via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using 44 patient and 16 healthy donor samples as the validation cohorts. Five miRNAs (miR-99b-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-93-5p, miR-30d-5p, and miR-365b-3p) were assessed, and miR-30d-5p (p = 0.036) levels were significantly downregulated in the VI-positive group. MiR-30d-5p levels in healthy donors were lower than those in LADC patients. Patients with high miR-30d-5p levels had favorable survival compared to those with low miR-30d-5p levels. MiR-30d-5p level in EVs may serve as a promising biomarker for detecting VI in patients with early-stage LADC.
Investigation of the inverse problem for the Arrhenius equation using the example of thermal degradation of spongin-based scaffolds
Authors: Żółtowska Sonia , Ciałkowski Michał , Alejski Krzysztof , Jesionowski Teofil
Published: December 2022

A mathematical description of the thermal degradation of spongin-based scaffolds is given. The Arrhenius integral was evaluated using the inverse problem approach, in which the unknown values were the activation energy EA, the pre-exponential factor A, and the model function f(α) characterizing the physical process. The form of f(α) was determined and the values of the parameters EA, A and TS were evaluated in detail. Moreover, the function f(α) assessed in this study was compared with classical solid-state model functions. Finally, the mean square minimization approach was used to solve the inverse problem with unknown function f(α) and pre-exponential constant A. Likewise, the approximation of f(α) with 6th- and 7th-degree polynomials was used to obtain numerical values of EA and A. This study evaluated the inverse problem approach for the Arrhenius equation. These investigations provide new insight into the description of the thermal degradation of spongin-based scaffolds.