bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENILAIAN PRESTASI MANAJER PRODUKSI PADA PDAM KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Zuraidah Zuraidah
Published: January 2016

Abstract

 Report would assist management in assessing whether each responsibility center has carried out his duties in accordance with the predetermined budget. Implementation of good accounting would create a system of control and performance assessment which will assist management in decision making. Accounting can also provide the basis to conduct an evaluation of the ability of all levels of management within the company. Once the importance of accounting information for the management of production costs as a tool to assess the performance and production manager as well as an attempt to direct the company's activities so that the goal can be achieved. Responsibility accounting is one of the concepts of accounting and management accounting systems are linked and adapted to the responsibility centers that exist in the organization. Istliah responsibility accounting will lead to accounting reporting process to how best to responsibility center managers can manage the work under the direct supervision and responsibility or who is a system that measures and action plans of each responsibility center.

 Keywords : responsibility accounting, cost of production, the production manager

 

Abstrak

Laporan pertanggungjawaban akan membantu pimpinan dalam menilai apakah setiap pusat pertanggungjawaban telah melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai dengan anggaran yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Penerapan akuntansi pertanggungjawaban yang baik akan menciptakan suatu sistem pengendalian dan penilaian prestasi yang nantinya akan membantu pimpinan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Akuntansi pertanggungjawaban juga dapat memberikan dasar untuk mengadakan evaluasi atas kemampuan setiap tingkatan manajemen dalam perusahaan.     Begitu pentingnya keberadaan informasi akuntansi pertanggungjawaban biaya produksi bagi pimpinan sebagai alat untuk menilai prestasi manajer produksi dan juga sebagai upaya untuk mengarahkan kegiatan sehingga tujuan perusahaan dapat tercapai. Akuntansi pertanggungjawaban merupakan salah satu konsep dari akuntansi manajemen dan sistem akuntansi yang dikaitkan dan disesuaikan dengan pusat-pusat pertanggungjawaban yang ada dalam organisasi. Istilah akuntansi pertanggungjawaban ini akan mengarah pada proses akuntansi yang melaporkan sampai bagaimana baiknya manajer pusat pertanggungjawaban dapat memanage pekerjaan yang langsung dibawah pengawasannya dan yang merupakan tanggung jawabnya atau suatu sistem yang mengukur rencana dan tindakan dari setiap pusat pertanggungjawaban.

 

Kata kunci: akuntansi pertanggungjawaban, biaya produksi, manajer produksi.
FENOMENOLOGI PRAKTIK TAX PLANNING PADA WAJIB PAJAK BADAN
Authors: Farida Nurul , Ludigdo Unti , Irianto Gugus
Published: January 2016

Title: [The Phenomenology of Tax Planning Practice by Corporate Taxpayer]

This study aims to reveal the meaning of the tax planning practice undertaken by the taxpayer. The meaning excavations carried out not only on the taxpayer, but also carried on the tax consultant. This is done because the tax consultant besides as a taxpayer also serves more than one taxpayer, so the meaning of tax planning practice undertaken by the taxpayer who obtain able much deeper. Transcendental phenomenology research method used in this study to reveal the related phenomena to the reason for the tax payers do tax planning practice. The results found that there are five reasons tax payers do tax planning practice, tax planning is permitted by the Act, the preferred business goals is to maximize the operating profit after taxes, the lack of fairness in taxation, especially in collecting tax, the existing tax system that makes taxpayer less comfortable, and the dualism obligation make taxpayers more likely to run a religious charity than pay taxes.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Salman Putriana , Nurkholis Nurkholis , Mardiati Endang
Published: January 2016

Title: [Factors that Affect the Disclosure of Corporate Governance and its Impact on Corporate Performance]

This study aims to analyze factors that affect the disclosure of corporate governance and its impact on firm performance. The factors investigated include firm size, listing age, board size, proportion of independent directors and audit committee size. This study used 161 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange by using purposive sampling. The results show that company size, board size, proportion of independent directors, and audit committee size significant affect corporate governance disclosure. Furthermore, this study show that disclosure of corporate governance has significantly positive impact on firm performance as measured by Tobin’s Q. The firm performance as measured by ROA is not affected by the disclosure of corporate governance.
PENGARUH SIKLUS HIDUP DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP EARNING MANAGEMENT PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Kusumawati Endang , Cahyati Ari Dewi
Published: January 2016

Title: [Life Cycle and Company Size Effect on Earning Management of Corporates are Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange]

The study goal was to determine whether there is influence of the life cycle and firm size on earnings management in companies listed on the Stock Exchange Indonesia. Data tehnique collection is done by purposive sampling. The data used in this study is secondary data, engineering data collection is done by purposive sampling. The total sample of 78 manufacturing companies. The results showed that the life cycle variables significant positive effect on earnings management practices while the firm size variable is not significant effect on earnings management practices. In general it can be concluded that the only variable that has a life cycle just significant positive effect on earnings management. Subsequent researchers expected to add other factors influence earnings management as another independent variable, because it is possible that other factors not included in this study influence the practice of earnings management.
PERAN PENGAWAS KEPATUHAN DI BANK SYARIAH MANDIRI
Authors: Santoso Deddy Rahmat , Triyowono Iwan , Ludigdo Unti
Published: January 2016

This research try to capture a case that showing the ”Pengawas Kepatuhan” (PKP) character in commercial debt on Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) and also showing the conventional characteristics. This research is a kind of qualitative research that using case study method. This is also trying to capture the compliance division duties and all kind of action in commercial debt in BSM. The summery try to showing some of PKP’s characteristics when they guide in compliance function. Some of characteristics define in some phaseas: dealing phase, analyze phase, and debt withdrawal phase. The summery have captured some characteristics as general character on regulation, ex-ante agent character, auditor character and reporter character. In this characteristics, the conventional actions showing on some facts about the apathy attitude, the entertain action and also fraud action which direct some attitude on disobey actions in BSM. Disobey actions become a challenge in real characteristic of PKP which is the preventive ideology should be strive between the regulation idealism and also the sharia principal.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, INDEPENDENSI DAN UKURAN AUDITEE TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT
Authors: H. Dwi Agustina , Sudarna Made , Ludigdo Unti
Published: January 2016

This study examines and analyzes the influence of competence, independence and the size of the auditees on audit quality. Audit quality is defined as the probability that the auditor will both discover and report a breach in the client’s accounting system. Drivers of audit quality-a framework are : culture within the firm, the skills and personal qualities of audit partners and staff, the effectiveness of the audit process, the reliability and usefulness of audit reporting, factors outside the control of auditors. Competence of auditors is adequate professional proficiency to perform inspection tasks and professional proficiency in the preparation of examination report. In this study, the competence dimension of competence using Certified General Accountant (CGA) are leadership, professionalism and professional knowledge. The independence is the mental attitude and appearance that is free from private interference, and external organizations. The independence consisting of: a long relationship with the auditees and the provision of non audit services and the pressure of the auditees, peer review of auditors. Auditee size is total assets and revenue of each county/city in Java. Using the random sampling method, the research tries to collect some inportant information given by respondents. Questionaire is a tool used to measure the variables. The hypotheses were tested with SPSS. The sample of this study is the Chairman of the audit team LKPD 2010 on the BPK RI in Java. Data obtained by spreading 118 and a total of 110 questionnaires are returned and processed feasible. The results partially demonstrate competence and independence affect audit quality, while the size of the auditee does not affect audit quality. Researchers can then add other indicators in the variable size of auditees such as number of population and area, total spending, the number of programs and activities within one year.
Factores de riesgo asociados a incontinencia urinaria en una población de mujeres en edad fértil de Bucaramanga, 2011
Authors: Carreño Parra Lina Maria , Mora Karen Viviana , Urán Greys Johanna , Angarita-Fonseca Adriana
Published: January 2016

Objetivo: Establecer los factores de riesgo asociados a incontinencia urinaria en  mujeres en edad fértil de 10 a 49 años del barrio Girardot, Bucaramanga 2011. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio tipo transversal, se aplicó una encuesta mediante entrevista, entre marzo y mayo de 2011, a 80 mujeres seleccionadas por conveniencia (34±11,9 años). Se estableció la asociación mediante regresiones de Poisson simples y múltiples. La variable dependiente fue incontinencia urinaria definida como un puntaje mayor que cero en el cuestionario International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF). Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria de 63,75% (IC95% 52,24-74,21), la prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo fue de 50% (IC95% 38,8-61,2) y de urgencia de 11,3% (IC95% 4,2-18,3). En el análisis multivariado se encontró asociación entre fumadora activa e incontinencia urinaria [RP 1,6 (IC95% 1,3-2,1)]. Conclusión: La identificación de factores de riesgo asociados a incontinencia urinaria es importante para desarrollar intervenciones que disminuyan la carga de este fenómeno en la población general.
Insights From Ion Adsorption and Contact-Angle Alteration at Mineral Surfaces for Low-Salinity Waterflooding
Authors: Mugele Frieder , Siretanu Igor , Kumar Naveen , Bera Bijoy , Wang Lei , de Ruiter Riëlle , Maestro Armando , Duits Michel , van den Ende Dirk , Collins Ian
Published: January 2016

Most solid surfaces acquire a finite surface charge after exposure to aqueous environments caused by desorption and/or adsorption of ionic species. The resulting electrostatic forces play a crucial role in many fields of science and technology, including colloidal stability, self-assembly, wetting, and biophysics. Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is an example of a large-scale industrial process that hinges in many respects on these phenomena. In this paper, we present a series of experiments illustrating fundamental aspects of low-salinity waterflooding in well-defined model systems. We show how pH and ion content of the water phase as well as the presence of model polar components (fatty acids) in the oil phase affect the wettability (i.e., contact-angle distribution) of oil/water/rock systems. Specifically, we discuss high-resolution atomic-force microscopy (AFM) experiments demonstrating the preferential adsorption of multivalent cations to mineral surfaces such as mica and gibbsite. Cation adsorption leads to increased and, in some cases, reversed surface charge at the solid/liquid interface. In particular, the adsorption of divalent cations gives rise to charge reversal and thereby induces a transition from complete water-wetting in the absence to finite contact angles in the presence of such ions. Although already dramatic for pure alkanes as base oil, adding fatty acids to the oil phase enhances the effect of divalent ions on the oil/water/rock wettability even more. In this case, contact-angle variations of more than 70 ° can be observed as a function of the salt concentration. This enhancement is caused by the deposition of a thin film of fatty acid on the solid surface. AFM as well as surface plasmon-resonance spectroscopy measurement in a microfluidic continuous flow cell directly demonstrate that adsorbed Ca2+ ions promote secondary adsorption of acidic components from the oil phase. The combination of the effects discussed provides a rational scenario explaining many aspects of the success of low-salinity waterflooding.
Use of Hybrid Rice and the Proliferation of Weedy Rice: A Case in Jiangsu, China
Authors: Zhang Bang‐hua , Dong Er‐jia , Zhang Hu , Shi Zhi‐hua , Song Xiao‐ling , Qiang Sheng , Dai Wei‐min
Published: January 2016

Jiangsu Province, located between northern China and southern China, is a typically mixed area of conventional and three‐line hybrid rice without Oryza rufipogon Griff. and Oryza nivara S. D. Sharma & Shastry. In the recent decade, occurrence of weedy rice rapidly increased year by year since it was found and reported from 2000. The recent cloning of the CMS‐WA gene (wild abortive cytoplasmic male sterility) makes it possible to design a marker specific for the gene for testing large quantities of weedy rice samples in a single assay by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Through performing a BLAST search in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database using the sequence of the CMS‐WA gene cloned from ZS97A as a reference, the major difference between three‐line hybrid rice and conventional rice cultivars was found in the 287 to 439 bp region of the CMS‐WA gene. A specific marker, WA7, was designed and evaluated for this region of the CMS‐WA gene. This marker, in combination with RED4, a specific marker for the Rc red pericarp gene, was used to distinguish weedy rice, three‐line hybrid rice, and conventional rice in a single PCR assay. A total of 1232 accessions of weedy rice collected from 63 locations in Jiangsu Province, China, were evaluated using the red pericarp and CMS‐WA DNA markers. Only four accessions from three locations were found positive for the CMS‐WA gene, accounting for just 4.76 and 0.32% of all locations and accessions, respectively. These results indicate that the three‐line hybrid is likely a source but not the major source of weedy rice in Jiangsu Province.
Contribution of Reserves to Kernel Weight and Grain Yield Determination in Maize: Phenotypic and Genotypic Variation
Authors: D'Andrea Karina E. , Piedra Carlina V. , Mandolino Cecilia I. , Bender Ross , Cerri Ana M. , Cirilo Alfredo G. , Otegui Maria E.
Published: January 2016

Maize (Zea mays L.) kernel weight (KW) and grain yield depend on plant growth during active grain filling and reserves use. The objective of our study was to analyze the phenotypic and genotypic variation in these traits in a family of recombinant inbred lines (RIL). In two field experiments we measured plant grain yield (PGY) and its components (KW and kernel number per plant, KNP), biomass production per plant and per kernel during active grain filling, and apparent reserves use (ARU) per plant (ARUP, difference between PGY and plant biomass production during active grain filling) and per kernel (ARUK, difference between KW and plant biomass production per kernel during active grain filling). Heritability (h2) and phenotypic plasticity were computed for all traits. Large differences were always evident among genotypes, but phenotypic plasticity was (i) low for KW and plant biomass at R2 and physiological maturity; (ii) intermediate for KNP and PGY; and (iii) high for plant growth, plant growth per kernel after R2, and ARUs. Traits with highest h2 were KW (0.70), KNP (0.61), and ARUP (0.59). Final KW was related to plant growth per kernel (r2 = 0.64; P < 0.001) but not to ARUK, and ARUP was driven (r2 ≥ 0.49; P < 0.001) by KNP. Because of its positive relationship with KNP (main determinant of PGY), high h2 and high phenotypic plasticity, breeding must consider the increase in ARUP for improving grain yield, an objective that needs to be coupled with large reserves accumulation before silking to avoid the risk of lodging.
A Simple Greenhouse Method for Screening Salt Tolerance in Soybean
Authors: Ledesma Fernando , Lopez Cindy , Ortiz Diana , Chen Pengyin , Korth Kenneth L. , Ishibashi Tetsuaki , Zeng Ailan , Orazaly Moldir , Florez‐Palacios Liliana
Published: January 2016

Salinity is an important limiting factor for crop production. Over 800 million ha of land globally are salt‐affected. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is moderately salt‐tolerant; however, excessive salt reduces yield. Developing a quick, reliable, and inexpensive screening method is critical for soybean breeding programs. This study aimed to develop a rapid method for screening salt tolerance in soybean and to determine the best growing media and NaCl concentrations for screening. Four soybean cultivars, known as Cl– includers (‘Williams’ and ‘Dare’) or excluders (‘S‐100’ and ‘Lee 68’), were screened for salt tolerance. These four genotypes were grown in soil, sand, and potting mix and treated with 0, 80, 120, and 160 mM NaCl. Treatment was initiated at the first trifoliate leaf expansion in the second true node above the unifoliate leaves. Two weeks later, leaf scorch score on a 1–9 scale (1 = no chlorosis; 9 = necrosis) was taken. Additionaly, leaf and root Na+ and Cl− concentrations were analyzed. The clearest differences between tolerant and sensitive cultivars were obtained using 120‐mM NaCl in soil. Once the best conditions to evaluate salt tolerance were established, 14 cultivars were screened to identify those with the most contrasting response. The most sensitive cultivars were Williams and ‘Clark’; the most tolerant were ‘HBK R5525’ and ‘AG5905’. To validate this method, 97 genotypes were evaluated under these conditions with differential responses. The proposed screening methodology was effective in identifying a range of sensitive and tolerant genotypes, allowing confirmation of salt tolerance in some previously reported genotypes.
Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Alcea rosea flower extract as a new generation of antimicrobials
Authors: Ebrahiminezhad Alireza , Barzegar Yahya , Ghasemi Younes , Berenjian Aydin
Published: January 2016

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was developed by treating Ag+ with Alcea rosea flower extract. AgNO3 concentration, flower extract quantity, and reaction temperature were found to be significant factors in the bioreduction reaction. Synthesized AgNPs were almost spherical in shape with an average diameter of 7.2 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that oxygen-bearing functional groups in the A. rosea flower extract are responsible for reduction of Ag+. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNPs against a Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was determined to be 37.5 ?g/ml.
Interaction parameters of oxygen and deoxidants in liquid iron
Authors: Costa e
Published: January 2016

During decades before the evolution of more powerful computational tools,
simplified formalisms such as the Wagner dilute solution formalism, have been
successfully used in the study of deoxidation reactions of steel. This
formalism relies on the introduction of interaction coefficients to account
from deviations from Henry?s Law. With the evolution of thermodynamic
modeling and of the CALPHAD method, the fact that thermodynamic descriptions
using these parameters were derived to be used at relatively dilute solution
has been sometimes overlooked and the formalism has been criticized for
deviating from reality in non-dilute solutions. In this work, it is shown
that the interaction parameters used in this formalism correlate with
properties of the solutes and of the solvent. The work focuses on the
interactions in systems Fe-M-O, where M is a deoxidant. Correlations between
interaction coefficients and heats of formation of the corresponding oxides
and with the atomic number of the deoxidants are demonstrated. This not only
helps supporting the physicochemical soundness of the formalism but also
provides a way of checking the consistency of data presented in this formalism.
Complications in cochlear implantation at the Clinical Center of Vojvodina
Authors: Dankuc Dragan , Vlaski Ljiljana , Pejakovic Nemanja , Mrdjanov Vladimir
Published: January 2016

Introduction. The first modern cochlear implantation in Serbia was performed
on November 26, 2002 at the Center for Cochlear Implantation of the Clinic
for Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina. Objective.
The aim of the paper is the analysis of intraoperative and postoperative
complications. Major complications include those resulting in the necessity
for revision surgery, explantation, reimplantation, severe disease or even
lethal outcomes. Minor complications resolve spontaneously or can be managed
by conservative therapy and do not require any prolonged hospitalization of
the patient. Methods. In the 2002-2013 period, 99 patients underwent surgical
procedures and 100 cochlear implants were placed. Both intraoperative and
postoperative complications were analyzed in the investigated patient
population. Results. The analysis encompassed 99 patients, the youngest and
the oldest ones being one year old and 61 years old, respectively. The
complications were noticed in 11 patients, i.e. in 10.5% of 105 surgical
procedures. The majority of procedures (89.5%) were not accompanied by any
post-surgical complications. Unsuccessful implantation in a single-step
procedure (4.04%) and transient facial nerve paralysis can be considered most
frequent among our patients, whereas cochlear ossification (1.01%) and
transient ataxia (2.02%) occurred rarely. Stimulation of the facial nerve
(1.01%), intraoperative perilymph liquid gusher (1.01%), device failure and
late infections (1.01%) were recorded extremely rarely. Conclusion.
Complications such as electrode extrusion, skin necrosis over the implant or
meningitis, which is considered the most severe postoperative complication,
have not been recorded at our Center since the very beginning. Absence of
postoperative meningitis in patients treated at the Center can be attributed
to timely pneumococcal vaccination of children.
Changes in cervical lordosis and cervicovertebral morphology in different ages with the possibility of estimating skeletal maturity
Authors: Lazic Emira , Glisic Branislav , Stamenkovic Zorana , Nedeljkovic Nenad
Published: January 2016

Introduction. During growth, proportions of craniofacial and cervical
structures are changed. Craniofacial and cervicovertebral structures are
morphologically and functionally connected, but their each other?s influence
is still unknown. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the
changes in cervical lordosis and cervicovertebral morphology in different age
periods and the possibility of estimating skeletal maturity, based on the
percentage of anterior cervical vertebrae body height sum in the total
anterior C2-C5 height. Methods. The study included lateral radiographs of 120
patients of both sexes, divided into three different age groups: eight, 12-13
and 17-18 years of age. Five craniofacial and 15 cervical parameters were
measured and analyzed. Results. The results showed significant correlation
between cervical lordosis angle and age, gender, anterior and posterior body
height of C3, C4, C5, anterior C4-C5 and posterior C2-C3, C3-C4, C4-C5
intervertebral space, anterior body height of C2-C5. Overall values of all
cervical body heights were more present in the total height of the spine in
females, while all intervertebral spaces were more present in males. The
percentage of anterior and posterior C2, C3, C4, C5 body height sum compared
to total C2-C5 height increases with age. Conclusion. The cervical lordosis
becomes more curved and vertebral bodies occupy more space in females, while
intervertebral spaces occupy more in males. Skeletal maturity could be
estimated following vertebral percentage distribution in the total anterior
C2-C5 part.
Epidemiological surveillance of Leishmaniasis in Montenegro, 1992-2013
Authors: Medenica Sanja , Jovanovic Svetlana , Dozic Ivan , Milicic Biljana , Lakicevic Novak , Rakocevic Bozidarka
Published: January 2016

Introduction. The diseases caused by Leishmania are spread worldwide and
represent a significant public health problem. Objective. The aim of this
study was to present the results of epidemiological surveillance of
leishmaniasis in humans in Montenegro in the period from 1992 to 2013.
Methods. The study was planned and realized as a descriptive epidemiological
study. The sample included patients of leishmaniasis in Montenegro in the
period from 1992 to 2013. The health and demographic data were collected from
medical records. The disease was microbiologically proven in the patients.
For statistical analysis the ?2-test was used, which examined the
significance of the incidence rate. Results. During this period, 66 cases of
leishmaniasis were identified (40 men and 26 women) aged 0 to 62 (mean
15.61?16.76 years). A visceral form of the disease was diagnosed in 65 (98%)
patients, and one patient was diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The
average incidence rate for the abovementioned period is 0.48 per 100,000
inhabitants. The highest average incidence rate was identified in patients up
to seven years of age (3.50 per 100,000 inhabitants). The highest average
incidence rates of leishmaniasis were identified in the coastal region of
Montenegro, while seasonal distribution indicates that the disease occurs
throughout the year with predominance in late spring and summer. Conclusion.
The research has shown that Montenegro is among the countries with low
incidence of leishmaniasis. Nevertheless, because of leishmaniasis
re-emergence in the entire Mediterranean Basin, a comprehensive research of
ecological and epidemiological characteristics of leishmaniasis, including
better monitoring and notification system, is required.
Long-term treatment with olanzapine in hospital conditions: Prevalence and predictors of the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Popovic Irena , Ravanic Dragan , Jankovic Slobodan , Milovanovic Dragan , Folic Marko , Stanojevic Albina , Nenadovic Milutin , Ilic Milena
Published: January 2016

Introduction. The risk of metabolic abnormalities is greatly increased in
schizophrenic patients started on an atypical antipsychotic medication.
Patients with psychiatric disorders exceed mortality ranges resulting from,
among others, increased risk of cardiovascular events. Other factors
contributing to the development of metabolic syndrome include prolonged
duration of illness, increasing age, female sex and lifestyle factors.
Objective. This cross-sectional study was taken up to assess the prevalence
of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in schizophrenic patients receiving
olanzapine monotherapy for at least six months and to determine the most
important risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome presence in these
patients. Methods. A total of 93 long term hospitalized schizophrenic
patients (71 men, 22 women), had a screening of the following: case-history
data, psychiatric scales, anthropometric measures, blood (fasting glucose,
lipid status, C-reactive protein - CRP) and urine samples (microalbuminuria).
Results. Prevalence of MetS according to International Diabetes Federation
criteria in our study was 34.4%. The multivariate analysis distinguished the
following significant predictors of MetS presence (in order of appearance):
data about diabetes mellitus in family history (p=0.002), body mass index >25
kg/m2 (p=0.002), hyperlipidemia in family history (p=0.008), and elevated CRP
value (p=0.042). Conclusion. High rate of MetS in patients treated with
olanzapine in this study exceeds MetS prevalence in general population. Among
observed parameters, our study pointed to several ?high risk? predictors
associated with MetS presence. Regular monitoring of cardiometabolic risk
factors is highly recommended. Positive heredity distress mentioned above may
direct a psychiatrist to prescribe some other drug than olanzapine in the
long term treatment of schizophrenia.
Prevalence of internet addiction among schoolchildren in Novi Sad
Authors: Ac-Nikolic Erzebet , Zaric Dragana , Niciforovic-Surkovic Olja
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Internet use has increased rapidly all over the world.
Excessive Internet use tends to lead to the creation of a non-chemical
addiction, most commonly known as ?Internet addiction.? Objective. The aim of
this study was an assessment of the prevalence of Internet use and Internet
addiction among school children aged 14-18 years in the Municipality of Novi
Sad, Serbia, and influence of sociodemographic variables on Internet use.
Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Novi Sad among final-year
students from elementary and first- and second-year students from high
schools. The prevalence of Internet addiction was assessed by using Young?s
Diagnostic Questionnaire. Results. Out of 553 participants, 62.7% were
females, and the average age was 15.6 years. The sample consisted of 153
elementary school students and 400 high school students. Majority of
respondents had a computer in their household. Our study showed widespread
Internet use among adolescents. Facebook and YouTube were among most visited
web-sites. The main purpose of Internet use was entertainment. Estimated
prevalence of Internet addiction was high (18.7%), mostly among younger
adolescents (p=0.013). Conclusion. Internet addiction was found in every
fifth adolescent. Accessibility and availability of Internet use is
constantly growing and therefore it is necessary to define more sensitive
diagnostic tools for the assessment of Internet addiction and its underlying
causes, in order to implement effective preventive programs.
The first telephone line for the psychological support to oncological patients and their family members in Serbia
Authors: Klikovac Tamara
Published: January 2016

Introduction. In October of 2010, Serbian Association for Psycho-Oncology, in
collaboration with the Ministry of Health of Serbia and the National Health
Insurance has launched the first national telephone line for free
psychological counseling and support for oncology patients and their
families. Objective. The aim of this study was to present results of the
first national telephone helpline for psychological support for oncological
patients and their families. Methods. The telephone line for the
psychological help and support was available from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m., seven
days a week and on holidays. A total of 12 previously educated psychologists
were involved, with two on duty in the mornings and two in the afternoons.
The basic work principles of the Line were anonymity for users (if they
wished), free of charge service available to patients from all of Serbia,
careful listening, emphatic reflection on anything communicated by users and
adequate counselling. Results. Since the beginning of the project (October
2010 up to April 2011) we received a total of 2,748 calls from across Serbia.
Almost half of these calls were repeated calls, as patients asked for
continuous psychological counselling. Larger percent (63.9%) of women called,
when compared to men (35.4%) who used the Line. Most (52.4%) conversations
were categorized as ?psychological support and counseling,? and as continual
psychological counseling work (21.1%). Conclusion. The large number of calls
suggests that this kind of public, free service for psychosocial and
psychological support to cancer patients is necessary in Serbia.
Giant Vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm as a cerebellopontine angle mass
Authors: Zivkovic Nenad , Markovic Marko , Aleksic Vuk , Jovanovic Milan
Published: January 2016

Introduction. According to the literature, a fusiform aneurysm located in the
cerebellopontine angle (CPA) is an extremely rare condition. Case Outline. We
report a case of a 59-year-old patient with initial dizziness and left-sided
sensorineural hearing loss that had gradually developed over six months.
Vertebrobasilar fusiform aneurysm, with intraluminal thrombus, which was
displaced to the right cerebellopontine angle, creating mass effect, was
diagnosed using brain magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance
angiography. Conclusion. Atherosclerosis may be the essential factor in the
pathogenesis of a fusiform aneurysm of the basilar artery, especially in
elderly patients. The best treatment option is yet to be determined, but in
spite of numerous previous large studies, personalized approach is probably
the best.
Acute myocardial infarction during induction chemotherapy for acute MLL t(4;11) leukemia with lineage switch and extreme leukocytosis
Authors: Colovic Natasa , Bogdanovic Andrija , Virijevic Marijana , Vidovic Ana , Tomin Dragica
Published: January 2016

Introduction. In patients with acute leukemias hemorrhage is the most
frequent problem. Vein thrombotic events may appear rarely but arterial
thromboses are exceptionally rare. We present a patient with acute leukemia
and bilateral deep leg vein thrombosis who developed an acute myocardial
infarction (AMI) during induction chemotherapy. The etiology and treatment of
AMI in patients with acute leukemia, which is a rare occurrence, is
discussed. Case Outline. In April of 2012 a 37-year-old male presented with
bilateral deep leg vein thrombosis and malaise. Laboratory data were as
follows: Hb 118 g/L, WBC 354x109/L (with 91% blasts in differential leukocyte
count), platelets 60?109/L. Bone marrow aspirate and immunophenotype revealed
the presence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytogenetic analysis was as
follows: 46,XY,t(4;11)(q21:q23) [2]/62-82,XY,t(4;11)[18]. Molecular analysis
showed MLL-AF4 rearrangement. The patient was on low molecular weight heparin
and combined chemotherapy according to protocol HyperCVAD. On day 10 after
chemotherapy he got chest pain. Three days later AMI was diagnosed (creatine
kinase 66 U/L, CK-MB 13U/L, troponin 1.19 ?g/L). Electrocardiogram showed the
ST elevation in leads D1, D2, aVL, V5 and V6 and ?micro q? in D1. On
echocardiography, hypokinesia of the left ventricle and ejection fraction of
39% was found. After recovering from AMI and restoring left ventricle
ejection fraction to 59%, second course of HyperCVAD was given. The control
bone marrow aspirate showed 88% of blasts but with monoblastic appearance.
Flow cytometry confirmed a lineage switch from lymphoblasts to monoblasts. In
further course of the disease he was treated with a variety of
chemotherapeutic combinations without achieving remission. Eventually,
palliative chemotherapy was administered to reduce the bulk of blasts. He
died five months after the initial diagnosis. Conclusion. AMI in young adults
with acute leukemia is a very rare complication which may occur in patients
with very high white blood cell count in addition with presence of a CD56
adhesion molecule and other concomitant thrombophilic factors. The treatment
of AMI in patients with acute leukemias should include antiplatelet and
anticoagulant therapy, even with more aggressive methods depending on
patient?s age and clinical risk assessment.
A novel frameshift mutation of the IKBKG gene causing typical incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: Minic Snezana , Trpinac Dusan , Obradovic Miljana
Published: January 2016

Introduction. Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked dominant
genodermatosis. Mutations of the IKBKG gene are responsible for IP. A
deletion of exons 4-10 can be found in 80% of patients with IP. There are 69
different mutations of the IKBKG gene that have been reported. Case Outline.
A proband, female patient from a family without previously diagnosed IP is
reported. She had skin and dental changes typical of IP. The diagnosis was
made according to updated IP criteria. Pathohistological and ultrastructural
analysis of skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. However, the common deletion
of exons 4-10 in the IKBKG gene could not be detected. Sequencing revealed
the indel (deletion/insertion) mutation c.641_647delGCATGGAinsAT
(p.Arg214HisfsX38) in exon 5 of the IKBKG gene. Because this mutation could
not be detected in the unaffected mother of the proband, it seems to be a de
novo mutation. Conclusion. The registered novel frameshift IKBKG mutation
c.641_647delGCATGGAinsAT (p.Arg214HisfsX38) can be considered to be the cause
of IP in this case.
Critical review of the book The integrated medical curriculum by Raja Bandaranayake and strategies to implement integrated medical curriculum
Authors: Ille Tatjana , Muthukrishnan Ramprasad , Ille Mihailo
Published: January 2016

nema
Use of computed tomography for measurement of kidneys in dogs without renal disease
Authors: Hoey Seamus E. , Heder Brianne L. , Hetzel Scott J. , Waller Kenneth R.
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE To determine the size of the left and right kidneys by use of CT in dogs of various breeds without evidence of renal disease.

DESIGN Retrospective, observational study.

ANIMALS 21 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES Renal length, diameter of the abdominal aorta, and length of the L2 vertebral body were measured independently on multiplanar reformatted non–contrast-enhanced CT images by 3 observers at 3 time points. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement for renal length were determined. Associations of renal length with body weight, aorta diameter, and L2 vertebral body length were assessed by calculation of Pearson correlation coefficients and 95% confidence intervals. Renal measurements were normalized to patient size by calculating renal length-to-aorta diameter and renal length-to-L2 vertebral body length ratios for comparison with previously published radiographic and ultrasonographic measurements.

RESULTS All kidneys were identified and measured on CT images by all observers. Intraobserver and interobserver agreement were excellent. Body weight, aorta diameter, and length of the L2 vertebral body were significantly correlated with renal length. Renal length-to-aorta diameter and renal length-to-L2 vertebral body length ratios (7.4 and 2.7, respectively) fell within the ranges of previously published values for these measurements.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE As CT becomes more widely available in general practice, knowledge of typical renal measurements and anatomic ratios obtained with this modality in dogs may be useful. A prospective study with a larger population of dogs, ideally including formulation of a reference range, is needed.
Surgical management of vesicoureteral reflux with recurrent urinary tract infection after renal transplantation in a dog
Authors: Park Kyung-Mee , Nam Hyun-Suk , Hussein Kamal Hany , Woo Heung-Myong
Published: January 2016

CASE DESCRIPTION A 3-year-old male Cocker Spaniel renal transplant recipient was readmitted 39 weeks after transplantation because of acute clinical signs of pollakiuria, intermittent vomiting, decreased appetite, lethargy, and mild fever.

CLINICAL FINDINGS Hydronephrosis and hydroureter were observed with ultrasonography and contrast cystography, and a diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was made. Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli was also diagnosed on the basis of results of urine culture.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Despite treatment of the UTI with an appropriate antimicrobial for 6 weeks, the VUR persisted and the UTI recurred 9 weeks after cessation of antimicrobial treatment. Therefore, surgical correction by means of revision extravesicular ureteroneocytostomy was performed. Both VUR and hydronephrosis resolved after surgery. No recurrences of clinical signs of urinary tract complications were observed during the subsequent 22-month follow-up period.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that ureteral reimplantation with an extravesicular technique incorporating a long submucosal tunnel may be an effective treatment for VUR when medical management fails in canine renal transplant recipients with recurrent UTIs.
Factors in the Distribution of Successful Marriage
Authors: Dey Seema , Ghosh Jyotirmoy
Published: January 2016

Successful marriage is a dynamic growing relationship in which the personalities of both partner continue to develop to achieve personal satisfaction. The earlier the adjustments are made, the more likely is the marriage to be happy and the fewer the areas in which the couples fails to adjust, the better are the chances for happiness in the marriage. The findings of the study revealed that factors that emerged to be important for enhancing marital satisfaction were respect for emotion, attitude towards marriage, expression of love, regard for views and importance to the likings of the spouse, ignoring weaknesses of the spouse, sexual adjustment, temperament, value, taste and interest. The lower ranks of management of time, management of income, technological factors and job related factors reflect that these are not considered serious because couples are already enjoying labour saving and luxury items and frequently go for outings. With respect to conflict resolution avoidance was given higher rank in comparison to arbitration.Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-3, issue-1: 60-64
Soft bandage versus casting in the treatment of torus fracture of distal radius in children; a prospective randomized study
Authors: Thapa Prakash Bahadur , Marasini Rudra Prasad , Thapa Shrawan Kumar , Pradhan Nabeesman Singh , Giri Shreekrishna
Published: January 2016

Background & Objectives: Various methods of immobilization have been recommended for the treatment of torus fracture of distal radius in children. The purpose of this study is to determine if soft bandage is as effective and safe as below elbow circumferential casts in the treatment of torus fracture of the distal radius in the children.Materials & Methods: Children from 4 to 14 years of age, who presented to emergency and outpatient department of orthopaedics and trauma at National Academy of Medical Sciences with an isolated torus fracture of distal radius, were randomized and treated with either soft bandage or below-elbow plaster cast by the same investigators. Patients with associated neurovascular injuries, bilateral torus fractures, concomitant physeal injuries and associated musculoskeletal injuries were excluded. The patients were followed up at weekly interval for 4 weeks and analyzed with VAS, ROM and outcome questionnaire and data were analyzed by using SPSS 18.Results: Among the 114 patients analyzed, 57 patients were kept in soft bandage group and 57 in below-elbow cast group. The mean age in soft bandage group was 8.29 year and the mean age in below-elbow cast group was 8.55 years. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to patient demographics, initial fracture characteristics and mechanism of injury.Conclusion: Treatment of distal radius torus fracture with soft bandage is a cost-effective and safe in the children below 14 years of age. These minor fractures are stable and not subject to the risks of late displacement which can be very effectively treated symptomatically to provide pain relief by using soft bandage only and educating the parents about the nature of this paediatrics fracture.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, Vol.11(4) 2015: 3-8
Experience of one hundred cases of ASD closure
Authors: Reddy Jaypal , Sah Bijay
Published: January 2016

jdjdBackground & Objectives: Atrial Septal Defect is a common congenital heart disease and surgical closure is the treatment of choice in many cases. This article presents the diagnostic criteria, surgical technique and postoperative management of hundred consecutive patients operated by a single surgeon at single centre.Materials and methods: One hundred (100) patients having atrial septal defect (ASD) underwent surgery at Osmania General Hospital, OMC, Hyderabad between January 1990 and October 1998. Sixty eight percentages (68%) of the patients were females and 32% of the patients were male. Fifty nine percentages (59%) of patients were in the age group of 11-30 yrs. Majority of the patients (70%) were symptomatic and were in NYHA class II. 'O' Rh-positive blood group was found in 35% of patients. Associated cardiac lesions were present in 28% of cases. One case each of Cortriatrium, Lutembacher's syndrome and Holt-Oram syndrome were present in this series. Eighty nine percentages (89 %) were moderate sized defects repaired by direct closure where as rest of 11% needed patch repair. Cold crystalloid cardioplegia with moderate hypothermia (28°C) was employed in 83 cases, ventricular fibrillation at normothermia in 5 cases and normothermic warm blood cardioplegia with continuous perfusion of coronary arteries in 12 patients.Results: Total duration of cardiopulmonary bypass ranged from 21 minutes to 100 minutes (mean duration 54.4 minutes) and aortic cross clamp time ranged from 10 minutes to 68 minutes (mean duration 22.9 minutes). Blood transfusion requirement ranged from 1 unit to 10 units (mean 3.1 units). There was no hospital death. Postoperative complication rate was 15%.Conclusion: Atrial septal defect closure is a safe, simple and effective operation with excellent long term results.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, Vol.11(4) 2015: 9-13
Baux’s and Abbreviated Burn Severity Score for the Prediction of Mortality in Patients with Acute Burn Injury
Authors: Dahal Peeyush , Ghimire Sanjita , Maharjan Nirvana Kumar , Rai Shakar Man
Published: January 2016

jdjdBackground & Objectives: Prediction of outcome for patients with major thermal injury is important to inform clinical decision making, alleviate individual suffering and improve hospital resource allocation. Early prediction of outcome (i.e., survival or mortality) may help triage effectively, and to implement medical and surgical interventions efficiently as soon as possible. Burn mortality has decreased markedly with the improvement in burn management in the past 100 years, and multiple burn mortality prediction models have been developed over these times in response to that decline. But these services are still not enough to reduce the burn related injuries in low income country like Nepal. So we did a study to observe the effectiveness of two different but very popular models (Baux and ABSI) in our context.Materials & Methods: This was a prospective observational study where 92 cases of severe burn injury was selected and the results were compared with Baux and ABSI scoring system.Results: Total admission was 140 and mortality was 33. Out of these admission 92 cases of severe burn injury was selected for the study. Most (85.8 %) of were among the young group 16-40 years. It comprises 41.3 % in total. In total 63.7 % were female. Mortality with severe burn injury was 29.3%. No death had occurred below the Baux’s score 30 and there was more than 51% mortality above the score of 60. There was no mortality with ABSI scoring < 3 and mortality was high in ABSI scoring > 6.Conclusion: Baux and ABSI score systems are simple to calculate and ABSI is more accurate for prediction of acute burn injury.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, Vol.11(4) 2015: 24-27