bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Value of in-vitro Local Ceftriaxone Interrupted Irrigation for Soft Tissue Autograft in Arthroscopic ACL Reconstruction
Authors:   University of Al Basrah Teaching Hospital, Basrah, Iraq., Naser Hasan H. , Mahdi Midhat Mohammed ,   University of Al Basrah, Collage of Medicine, Basrah, Iraq.
Published: January 2024

Background: Postoperative septic arthritis of the knee joint is an uncommon complication with serious consequences following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Systemic antibiotics received preoperatively and presoaking the soft tissue autograft with antibiotics result in a lower infection rate. Preoperative intravenous antibiotics may not be sufficient enough to reach minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels due to poor vascularity of hamstring tendons in addition the harvested graft is prone to infection from skin flora. Aim of the study: To assess the efficacy of local antibiotic (ceftriaxone drug 1g.) solution diluted in (500 mL 0.9% sodium chloride N/S) for invitro interrupted irrigation of harvested soft tissue ACL graft as prophylaxis in reducing the infection rate during knee joint arthroscopic procedure. Patients and Methods: A Prospective comparative study of forty patients fit for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were enrolled in the study. The timeline period from April 2022 to July 2023.patients divided into (group A), twenty patients (received local ceftriaxone irrigation 1gm. solution diluted in 500 mL 0.9% NaCl for presoaking soft tissue autograft) and (Group B), twenty patients received (plain NaCl 0.9% ) only for irrigation of harvested graft. All patients in both groups received intravenous ceftriaxone at time of induction of anesthesia. Patients with history of injury more than 2years, open procedure, intravenous drug abuse, alcoholism steroid use, revision cases, and a prior history of infection in the knee were excluded from the study. Patients were followed postoperatively by clinical, laboratory, and imaging studies. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of categorical data. A student T-test and ANOVA were conducted to demonstrate the differences in postoperative inflammatory markers. Results: Presoaking of soft tissue autograft with ceftriaxone was performed in 20 patients (the study group), while 20 patients (the control group) were soaked only with plain N/S. In the control group, two patients (10%) developed postoperative infection after 2 weeks postoperatively, while no case developed infection in the study group. There was no statistically significant difference (p >0.05) between the study and control groups in terms of demographic characteristics, type of graft (p = 0.34), associated arthroscopic procedure (p = 0.35), and Lysholm score (p = 0.58). In the study group, there was a significant decrease in ESR (P = 0.01) after 4 weeks, Total lymphocyte count (p = 0.04), and Polymorphonuclear (p = 0.03) after 6 weeks postoperatively. Conclusion: Presoaking of hamstring autograft with ceftriaxone intraoperative may be alternative for other antibiotics in reducing rate of infection following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
Effect of office hysteroscopy on in-vitro fertilization in a fertility centre in Abuja, Nigeria: A prospective study
Authors: Nyoyoko NP  , Wada I  , Mamiso J
Published: January 2024

Background: Fifteen percent of married couples worldwide experience infertility despite unprotected intercourse and approximately 50% of infertile women has uterine pathologies. The success of in vitro fertilization can be assessed using various measures including pregnancy rate, implantation rate and the most acceptable, live birth rate. Various modalities have been employed to investigate endometrial pathologies responsible for infertility.

Objectives: To determine and compare the incidence, and pathology in infertile women seen on hysteroscopy and TVS, and the effect on IVF success

Methods: This study had 41 participants, 24 had previous Assisted Reproductive Therapy while 17 had not undergone the process. The 41 participants included those that had both TVS and office hysteroscopy. Abnormal findings were recorded and management carried out based on the abnormality detected.

Result: Forty-one infertile women aged 26 to 45 years were included in the study. About fifty-eight percent had history of IVF attempts, while 41.46% had no history of IVF. TVS and hysteroscopic examinations were performed on all the patients. TVS findings indicated 26.83% normal findings and 73.17% abnormal pelvic findings. Hysteroscopic findings showed 90.25% patients had abnormal uterine findings

Conclusion: This study shows that Hysteroscopy is more sensitive and useful in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility than TVS. Diagnostic measures for hysteroscopic detection of uterine lesions revealed a sensitivity of 78.95% (95% CI 62.68- 90.45), 100% specificity and positive predictive value, with a Negative predictive value of 33.33% (95% CI 21.27 – 48.07) and diagnostic accuracy of 80.95% (95% CI 65.88 – 91.40). These are in keeping with other studies.
Knowledge and preventive practices related to Monkey pox among medical doctors in Sokoto metropolis of Sokoto State, Nigeria
Authors: Oche OM  , Abdulaziz MD  , Wali A  , Muhammad H  , Yusuf H
Published: January 2024

Background: For effective control of Monkey pox (Mpox), clinicians need to have adequate knowledge of the disease and adopt appropriate practices to contain it. This study sought to assess the knowledge and practices of medical doctors regarding Monkey pox.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized for the study and using a two stage sampling method, 210 medical doctors working in Sokoto metropolis were recruited into the study. A set of structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain relevant information from the study participants. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS computer software version 23 with level of statistical significance set at p<0.05

Results: All the respondents were aware of Mpox with more than half (52.3%) having the internet as their commonest source of information. The majority, ((72%) of the clinicians had good knowledge and only years of working experience was significantly associated with knowledge of the disease. Preventive practices were well exhibited by all the respondents with the majority (73%) having appropriate preventive practices.

Conclusion and recommendation: This study has demonstrated good knowledge towards Mpox by clinicians in Sokoto metropolis, with a greater majority exhibiting appropriate preventive practices. Sustained awareness and retraining of health care workers in general is necessary to maintain the tempo of high index of suspicion for outbreaks of Mpox and other potential epidemics and also regular use of personal protective equipment
Sonographic evaluation of the commonest sites of placental localization in pregnant women in Umuahia, Abia State
Authors: Obiozor AA
Published: January 2024

Background: The Placenta is an organ of pregnancy that provides nutrition, excretory functions and oxygen to the fetus.

Aim: The purpose of the study is to determine and provide information on the commonest sites of placental localization in pregnant women in their second and third trimesters in Umuahia, Abia state because there are few documented reports on the sonographic assessment of placental localization in Umuahia.

Methodology: Prospective study of pregnant women in their second and third trimesters was carried out trans- abdominally using an ultrasound scan machine with a 3.5 MHz transducer. Placental localization was classified into anterior, posterior, fundal and low-lying, Ultrasonography was used because it is non-ionizing, cheap and readily available. Exclusion criteria; pregnant women with a history of Caesarian section, uterine fibroids and multiple gestation.

Results: One hundred women between the ages of 20yrs and 42yrs with a mean age of 28.60±4.95 on their routine antenatal visit were used for the study. The women were in their second and third trimesters, and fetal gender distribution was 55 males and 45 females. Placental localization was classified into Anterior 44%, fundal 20%, posterior 30% and previa 3%.

Conclusion: Anterior placentation was the commonest, followed by posterior, then fundal with placenta previa being the least site of placental localization. There was no statistical significance between placental localization and maternal age, gestational age, fetal weight, gender, fetal presentation and heart rate. Evaluation for placental localization in the second and third trimesters is important to rule out placenta previa.
Assessment of patients’ knowledge, attitude and practice of cross-infection control in the dental clinic during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Okoromu MA  , Omokhua HA
Published: January 2024

Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly contagious disease that causes viral respiratory illness, has changed the lifestyle of humans worldwide. Dental practitioners and patients are at high risk of infection during their routine practice due to their exposure to saliva, blood, and droplet production.

Aim: To gain insight into the patient’s viewpoint regarding the practice, altitude, and knowledge of COVID-19 and its transmission and cross-infection in dental clinics.

Methods: This was cross–sectional analytic survey in dentistry during the COVID-19 pandemic. A self-administered close-ended questionnaire consisting of 32 variables was distributed among the study participants. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The level of significance was p ≤ 0.05.

Results: The age of the participants varied from 20 - 58 years, with a mean age of 34.6 ±5. The majority (89.3%) felt COVID-19 was a highly contagious disease, while 50.0% of the respondents believed that the most common route of COVID-19 transmission in dentistry is through aerosols. The majority, 78.6%, recorded good knowledge of infection control following the COVID-19 outbreak. The number of married patients who had good knowledge of cross-infection control was 118, which was statistically significant.

Conclusion: From the study, it is evident that the patients possess a good range of knowledge in both preventive and cross-infection protocols to follow during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the same cannot be said about the practice.
Ocular disorders among stroke patients in Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja, Nigeria
Authors: Megbelayin OE  , Ocheni SE  , Mahmoud AO  , Osayande OO
Published: January 2024

Objectives: To determine the pattern of ocular disorders among stroke patients in Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja (FTHL).

Materials and Methods: Consecutive new stroke patients seen at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja over a 3-month period were studied. Data was collected with the use of a structured questionnaire divided into four major sections: bio-data, visual history, results of ocular assessment and NEI VFQ-25 quality of life questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS for Windows, version 23.0. Univariate analyses were presented in the form of frequencies, percentages, means, ranges, and standard deviations, charts and tables.

Results: Eighty-three patients were recruited with an age range of 40-71 years, a mean age of 55.3(±7.1) years. Thirty-nine patients (47.0%) were between the ages of 51 and 60 years. Thirty-four (41.0%) patients were females while 49(59.0%) were males. Of 46 (55.4%) patients that had neuro-imaging, stroke was ischaemic in 37(80.4%) and haemorrhagic in 9(19.6%). Of the 63 patients with left sided stroke, 2 (2.4%), 4(4.8%) and 57(68.7%) had severe, moderate and mild and normal visual impairment respectively while of the 20 patients with right sided stroke, 3(3.6%) each had severe and moderate visual impairment and 14(16.9%) had normal or mild visual impairment. Other ocular abnormalities included corneal anaesthesia and macular hole in 2(1.2%).

Conclusion: Anterior and posterior segments, together with neuro-ophthalmic disorders were found among stroke patients in this study. Many of the ocular abnormalities are as a result of long-standing uncontrolled hypertension which caused the stroke. It is recommended that awareness should be created among the populace about uncontrolled hypertension. It is also advised that internists should refer hypertensive patients for routine ophthalmic screening.
Awareness of malocclusion and attitude towards orthodontic treatment among trainee dental surgery technicians in Nigeria
Authors: Otaren NJ
Published: January 2024

Objective: Malocclusion affects aesthetics, the physical, psychological and social life of a person. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of malocclusion and attitude towards orthodontic treatment among trainee dental surgery technicians in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among 68 final year (sixty-eight) trainee dental surgery technicians in Nigeria. The research instrument was a self-administered close ended questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. P value (P<0.05) was regarded as significant.

Results: Sixty-one (89.7%) of the respondents were females, while 7 (10.3%) were males. Fifty-seven (83.8%) have heard of the term malalignment of teeth, 53 (77.9%) of the students think malalignment is due to external habits. 61 (89.7%) are aware that few teeth may have to be removed for proper positioning of irregular teeth and 51 (75.0%) were aware that the irregular teeth can be corrected even after 40 years of age. More females were aware of malocclusion and had positive attitude towards orthodontic procedures when compared to the males, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Majority of the respondents in this study were aware of the term malalignment and had positive attitude towards orthodontic treatment. More females constituted the study population.
Frequency of Blood Donation and Malaria Occurrence among Blood Donors in a Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Olopade BO  , Ajeigbe AK  , Owojuyigbe TO  , Ajani AA  , Fayomi OD
Published: January 2024

Context: Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Transfusion transmitted malaria contributes significantly to the burden of malaria in SSA. The safety of blood transfusion as it relates to frequency of blood donation and malaria occurrence on the part of donors is an aspect that has not been properly investigated hence this study.

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the frequency of blood donation and occurrence of malaria among blood donors at OAUTHC, Ile-Ife.

Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Ethical approval was obtained. One hundred and thirty-three consenting blood donors aged between 18-50 years were recruited for the study. Two millilitres of blood were collected from each study participant and immediately transported to the laboratory for processing. Giemsa-stained films of the samples were viewed under the oil immersion objective of the microscope. Questionnaires were administered to the study participants to obtain relevant information. Data generated were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS software version 20. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results: The prevalence of malaria among the blood donors was 21.1% with the highest rate among commercial donors (33.3%) followed by family donors (12.9%) then voluntary donors (11.9%). Evaluation of the frequency of donation showed that malaria occurred more in recurring donors (77.78%) than first time donors (22.22%).

Conclusion: Malaria is highly prevalent among blood donors and occurs more in recurring blood donors than first time donors.
Pattern of Childhood malignant tumours in Umuahia South East Nigeria
Authors: Ekpemo SC  , Ezomike UO  , Ituen AM  , Isaac C
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Cancers in children should be incorporated as one of the childhood killer diseases in developing countries.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic and pathologic characteristics of childhood tumours in Umuahia. South East Nigeria

Methodology: The Operative records, histology request and report forms were studied and the clinico-pathologic information were retrieved and analysed using SPSS version 20.0

Results: A total of 50 cases of malignant diseases of children were clinically diagnosed and histologically confirmed. The mean age of the patients were 8 years with age range of 1 to 17 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1. The peak age of incidence falls in the 1-5 age groups which accounted for 40%. Wilm’s tumour was the commonest 25, Rhabdomyosarcoma 10 cases, Neuroblastoma 5cases, Oesteosarcoma 5cases, Teratomas 5 cases.

Conclusion: childhood cancer is increasing in our environment. However, late presentation, ignorance, poverty leads to poor outcome.
Congenital lung cyst: Report of two cases
Authors: Ogbudu SO  , Nwagboso CI  , Echieh CP  , Eze NJ  , Etiuma AU  , Bassey OO  , Ugbem TI  , Abdulrasheed J
Published: January 2024

Background: Bronchogenic cysts are lesions of congenital origin derived from the primitive foregut and are the most prevailing primary cysts of the mediastinum. Most commonly unilocular, they contain clear fluid or mucinous secretions or, less commonly, haemorrhagic secretions or air. They are lined by columnar ciliated epithelium, and their walls often contain cartilage and bronchial mucous glands. It is unusual for them to have a patent connection with the airway, but when present, such a communication may promote infection of the cyst by allowing bacterial entry. The first successful surgical excision of a bronchogenic cyst was reported by Maier in mid twentieth century leading to its classification based on Mailer postulation. No such reports have been described in South/South Nigeria.
Guillain – Barre syndrome associated with Helicobacter pylori isolates from rectal swabs of Four Patients: University of Benin Teaching Hospital Experience
Authors: Lofor PVO  , Ebeigbe E
Published: January 2024

Background: A Gram-negative bacteria known as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is thought to be the cause of autoimmune gastrointestinal diseases. Additionally, this pathogen has been connected to peripheral neuropathies and extra-gastrointestinal illnesses with autoimmune sequelae. H. pylori may be involved in the 30% of GBS cases that Campylobacter jejuni is blamed for. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) typically has a post-infectious aetiology. The Aim of the study is to show that rectal swabs to isolate Helicobacter pylori as a cause of Guillain - Barre syndrome should be a routine instead of gastric biopsy.
Methods: The study was a Retrospective Cross Sectional Study. It involved a review of Case notes of Patients that were admitted in the Neurology Unit of UBTH from 2014-2019, been managed for Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with H. pylori infection and also a review of their Medical microbiology laboratory test records during management especially their rectal swab Microscopy, Culture and Sensitivity results. It has never been the practice of the Neurology unit to do rectal swabs for patients with Guillain - Barre syndrome, this was done by the medical microbiology unit that co-managed the patient. Patients with incomplete or missing medical data were excluded from the study.
Results: Four case series of one male and three female patients, age ranged from 7 years to 23years with the mean age of 15 ± 8 years. The most common initial symptom was weakness in the extremities which was seen in all the patients. Motor deficit involved all four limbs in all the patients. The mode of onset was progressive in all the cases and ascending.
History of peptic ulcer disease was present in all four patient and H. pylori was isolated from rectal swabs from all the patients. Three (75%) of the patient showed marked improvement on commencement of Omeprazole and erythromycin, while one (25%) ,did well on amoxicillin and Omeprazole. One (25%) had complications of bilateral patchy lower limb skin exfoliation and desquamation. A case of death was recorded. On discharge complete functional recovery was noted in two (50%), while one (33%) had partial recovery.
Conclusion: This study of four case series highlights a relatively inexpensive and straightforward faecal specimen collection by rectal swab, and readily available faecal specimen compared with gastric biopsy specimen, in the laboratory diagnosis and isolation of Helicobacter pylori, a cause (among other causes) of Guillain-Barre Syndrome, which is a medical emergency in most cases.In addition Guillain-Barre Syndrome linked with H. pylori is not always a Post-infectious diseases because medications used to clear the gastrointestinal tract of Bacterial usually lead to recovery from the paralysis caused by Guillain-Barre Syndrome.
Giant juvenile fibroadenoma in a 15-year-old Nigerian female: A case report with review of literature
Authors: O.J. Uchendu  , U. Umeaku  , M.O. Ajagha  , E. Ejuvwevwo
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Breast mases in female adolescents are rare and consist mainly of developmental lesions and benign tumours.1 The benign tumours seen are mostly fibroadenoma which is the most common breast tumour seen in adolescent females.2 It may present as solitary or multicentric tumour.3 It may also vary in size and is designated as giant juvenile fibroadenoma “GJF” if it is greater than 5cm, 500g or replaces at least 80% of the breast tissue.3 GJF accounts for 1-8% of breast lesions in the adolescent population.3,4 Overall, giant fibroadenoma accounts for 0.5-2% of all fibroadenomas.4 We present a case of GJF in a 15-year-old female who was managed in our clinical setting.
Post circumcision Fournier’s gangrene in an infant: A case report
Authors: Udoh E  , Ebiekpi I  , Ituen AM  , Olalekan K  , Inyangudoh U  , Abudu EK
Published: January 2024

Fournier’s gangrene is a rare life-threatening condition that is characterized by rapid necrotizing spread from the scrotum and perineal area along facial planes to the abdominal wall, the flanks and the upper thighs. We present a case report of post-circumcision Fournier’s gangrene in an infant that was associated with spontaneous rupture of the lower pole of the left scrotum. This report highlights the need for practitioners of circumcision to be skillful in the procedure, use sterile instruments for it and adhere to standard infection prevention and control measures in health facilities.
Resolution of PIN syndrome following Physiotherapy: A case report
Authors: Nottidge BA  , Nottidge TE
Published: January 2024

This case report highlights the use of physiotherapy as monotherapy for non-traumatic posterior interosseus nerve palsy, which is a rare compression neuropathy that usually gets referred to a surgeon and for which the patient may undergo surgical decompression. However, in a resource limited setting, patients are often not able to afford advanced radiographic modalities like high resolution ultrasound and MRI scans. Hence the standard pathway to surgery is uncertain and they often get referred to physiotherapy while awaiting surgery. In this case, the patient was referred for Physiotherapy and the palsy improved. This suggests there was no defined surgical lesion, as has been found in many patients who have undergone ultrasound. This case highlights the need for robust research on the role of physiotherapy for PIN palsy in resource limited settings and a possible treatment algorithm that reserves investigations and surgery for patients whose PIN palsy does not improve with physiotherapy and for whom surgery is not clearly indicated from the outset.
Unusual presentation of peripheral artery disease
Authors: Uwanuruochi K  , Obiozoh AA
Published: January 2024

Peripheral artery disease usually presents as intermittent claudication, with leg pain associated with walking and relieved by rest. We report a 52 year old man with pains in the left arm and peripheral vascular disease was confirmed with Doppler ultrasound. This presentation which is unusual in sub-Saharan Africa should be recognized.
Assessment of dry eye using Schirmer test in patients attending a tertiary hospital eye clinic in Nigeria
Authors: Ibanga AA  , Udoh ME  , Etim BA  , Agweye CT  , Nkanga ED  , Echieh CI
Published: January 2024

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a frequently encountered ocular morbidity seen among adult patients attending ophthalmic clinics in Nigeria. It can be assessed using different methods although there is differing consensus on reliable tests for accurate diagnosis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess DED using Schirmer 1 without anaesthesia among adult patients attending the Eye Clinic in a tertiary hospital in Calabar.

Methodology: This was a cross sectional study among adult patients who attended the Eye Clinic of University of Calabar Teaching Hospital who were recruited consecutively from January 1st to March 31st, 2019. All consenting participants had comprehensive eye examination and were assessed for DED using the Schirmer 1 Test. Test values of less than 10mm were diagnostic of aqueous tear deficiency. Initial data categorization yielded frequencies, percentages and proportions. Categorical variables were analysed using Chi-square test and continuous variables using Student’s t-test. Statistical significance was found where p-values were <0.05 at one degree of freedom.

Results: Overall, 73 participants were included in the study 29 males and 44 females with male-female ratio of 1:1.5, and the prevalence of DED was 28.8%. Most participants had normal distance visual acuity in both eyes. There was a statistically insignificant inverse linear relationship between age and Schirmer 1 test. The relationship between gender and Schirmer 1 test values and consequently for dry eye was statistically significant, p 0.04.

Conclusion: This study showed no significant association between DED and age. Female gender was associated with a higher risk of DED but a significant association between DED compared to the male gender. Its assessment in persons with other ocular complains is important. Primary and secondary prevention strategies are recommended.
Reuse of Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants in Agriculture: Problem of Heavy Metals in Moshi Municipality Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Nyangwe P. B , Saria Josephat
Published: January 2024

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have the potential to play a significant role in a circular economy by adopting the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R). While the primary goal of a WWTP is to decrease the pollution in sewage, this process also produces various potentially valuable byproducts such as treated effluent, biogas, and sludge. The challenge in recycling beneficial nutrients from sludge to agricultural soil primarily arises from the presence of heavy metals, partly due to their toxicity and environmental persistence. This study aimed to examine the concentrations of specific heavy metal contaminants (Cd, Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cr) in sludge from the Moshi municipal WWTP, which is slated for use as fertilizer. The samples underwent analysis using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The examination of sewage sludge revealed a pH average indicating an acidic condition at 5.93 ± 1.05, while iron averaged at 53.32 ± 3.66 mg/kg and copper varied between 0.10 and 3.43 mg/kg, with an average of 1.63 ± 1.18 mg/kg. Environmental assessment involved the application of three pollution indices—Contamination Factor (CF), Index of Geo-accumulation (Igeo), and Pollution Load Index (PLI). These indices collectively confirmed the absence of contamination in the sludge regarding these elements. However, ensuring the elimination of environmental risks and evaluating potential impacts on human and animal health regarding the use of sludge from treatment plants necessitates comprehensive studies across various treatment facilities in the country, considering the chemical composition of these sludges.
Anaemia among schoolchildren; A narrative review
Authors: Maseta Elina  Jacob
Published: January 2024

Anaemia is a significant problem in the developing world, such as Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with the greatest burden of disease experienced in children. Although extensive research on anaemia has been done among the pre-schoolers, less is documented about schoolchildren. Thus, the current review intends to summarise recent data on the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among schoolchildren aged 5-18 years across SSA for planning mitigating interventions. A review was conducted on published English articles in Sub-Saharan countries providing estimates on anaemia prevalence and risk factors using databases from PubMed and Google Scholar from January 2010 to April 2021. A total of 41 articles were identified for review. Based on eligibility criteria, 18 articles were included in the current review. The review showed that the prevalence of anaemia among schoolchildren ranged from 11% (Ethiopia) to 83% (Nigeria). Generally, infection (56%), eating less protein and vegetables (33%),  age (22%)  and sex (16%) of the child were the significant risk factors for anaemia among schoolchildren. The current review established that anaemia is directly associated with infection, less consumption of protein and vegetables, age and sex of the child. Effective public health strategies such as biofortification of food are needed to improve micronutrient intake among older children.
Media pembelajaran pertumbuhan tanaman hidroponik menggunakan demonstrasi dan discovery learning berbasis Aplikasi Canva: Studi Kasus di Era Digital
Authors: Dahliani Lili
Published: January 2024

Perangkat seluler Mobile, bila digunakan sebagai alat pelengkap bersama dengan metode pembelajaran penemuan dan penemuan (juga dikenal sebagai pembelajaran setan-disco ), sangat penting untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam kursus budidaya tanaman hidroponik. Mata kuliah ini meningkatkan pemahaman dan kemahiran mahasiswa dalam budidaya tanaman, khususnya sayuran, dengan menggunakan teknik hidroponik dan perangkat mobile. Pemanfaatan aplikasi berbasis Mobile menawarkan pengalaman baru dalam hal teknologi informasi dan komunikasi serta peluang bagi siswa untuk terlibat dalam pembelajaran mandiri. Pendekatan pembelajaran yang dipilih meliputi pemberian informasi pemahaman, gambaran umum komponen dan varietas, serta penilaian berupa pertanyaan tentang budidaya tanaman hidroponik. Jadi, seorang guru harus merancang pembelajaran dengan menghasilkan materi untuk membantu siswa mengatasi permasalahan dalam beternak tanaman hidroponik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan riset dan pengembangan (R&D) dalam penciptaan produk, memanfaatkan tiga dari empat fase penelitian: pendefinisian (mengidentifikasi potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data), desain produk, dan pengembangan (memvalidasi desain, menyempurnakan desain, dan menguji produk). Ujicoba dilakukan dalam ujicoba skala kecil yakni dengan 10 siswa melalui desain pembelajaran Discovery Learning . Artikel ini akan membahas temuan penelitian dan langkah selanjutnya yang diambil untuk menerapkannya.
Kasih Dalam Membangun Keharmonisan Pada Keluarga Kristen Menurut Nasehat Rasul Paulus Dalam Kitab Efesus
Authors: Hutabarat Oditha R
Published: January 2024

Memiliki Keluarga yang harmonis adalah merupakan dambaan seluruh anggota keluarga. Rasul Paulus dalam nasehatnya di Kitab Efesus mengajarkan bagaimana seorang pria harus bersikap yaitu harus rendah hati, mengasihi istri, bijaksana dan dapat mendidik anak dalam kebenaran Firman Tuhan. Seorang istri juga diajarkan agar mempunyai sikap rendah hati, tunduk terhadap suami dan menghormati suaminya. Paulus juga mengajarkan seorang anak dalam keluarga agar taat dan menghormati orang tua. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui maksud nasehat Paulus dalam Surat Efesus terhadap pertumbuhan keharmonisan rumah tangga Jemaat. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian jenis kualitatif deskriptif. Kesimpulan dari data yang telah diperoleh bahwa nasihat Rasul Paulus tentang Keharmonisan Rumah Tangga Kristen dalam Surat Efesus yang diajarkan kepada jemaat dapat menjadi suatu pedoman keluarga Kristen untuk membina rumah tangga yang takut akan Tuhan. Dengan Dimensi yang paling mendorong nasehat Rasul Paulus tersebut adalah Sikap Istri dan Latar belakang yang paling tinggi mendorong nasehat tersebut adalah Pekerjaan jemaat.
Gaya Mengajar Interaksional Yesus Sebagai Pola Dalam Menyampaikan Firman Tuhan Di Sekolah Minggu
Authors: Samosir Lidya Octavia , Kristiana Pestaria Happy
Published: January 2024

This research is aimed at providing exposure to educators, in this case Sunday school teachers, about Jesus' interactional teaching style. It is hoped that by understanding Jesus' interactional teaching style, Sunday school teachers can be more effective in conveying the truth of God's Word. This research is important, considering that the aim of conveying God's Word is life change. However, this goal has not been achieved optimally. This is because individual educators do not understand teaching styles that can make the learning process in Sunday school more interesting and effective. To find this teaching style, researchers used qualitative research methods with literature studies and expositions from the Gospels about Jesus' teaching style. There are 5 principles of Jesus' interactional teaching style, namely: Dialogue, two-way delivery, situational problems, dominant role of students and teachers as facilitators.
Membawa Nilai-Nilai Kekristenan Kepada Masyarakat Hindu Di Bali Melalui Pendekatan Tradisi Panca Sraddha
Authors: Fransiska Ni Nyoman , Boki Edmund HP
Published: January 2024

Kemajemukan dalam bidang kepercayaan banyak menimbulak permasalahan yang cukup serius di negara Indonesia. Tidak terkecuali di propinsi Bali dimana mayoritas adalah kepercayaan beragama Hindu. Ke-Kristenan memang sudah lama masuk dan diterima di propinsi Bali tetapi sampai dengan saat ini masih banyak kendala untuk ke-Kristenan diambil menjadi milik masyarakat Bali menjadi kepercayaan mereka. Dengan sebuah metode pendekatan terhadap nilai-nilai inti masyarakat Hindu di Bali yaitu panca Sraddha, yaitu pendekatan kesamaan dengan nilai-nilai ke imanan Kristen diharapkan jalan yang lebih terbuka untuk pengenalan nilai ke-Kristenan bisa masuk kedalam kehidupan masyarakat hindu Bali, bahkan Gereja dan Pendidikan Agama Kristen bisa di terima dengan mudah ada dalam lingkungan masyarakat Hindu di Bali.
Peter Explains Spirit Baptism (Acts 11:13-18)
Authors: Glass Matthew
Published: January 2024

Spirit baptism is a commonly misunderstood doctrine. Typically, systematic theology provides an explanation of a doctrine by examining all the relevant texts on a topic and offering logical conclusions based upon those texts. However, systematic theology must be built upon sound biblical exegesis using a proper exegetical method. The modest aim of this article, then, is to use a proper exegetical method and provide sound biblical exegesis on one text that must be given its due weight in the debate about Spirit baptism.
Suatu Tanggapan Terhadap Pengajaran Hyper-Grace Dan Aplikasinya Bagi Orang Percaya
Authors: Sukadana I Gusti Ngurah , Fransiska Ni Nyoman
Published: January 2024

Pengajaran hyper grace merupakan suatu ajaran yang mengabaikan pentingnya pertobatan, karena menganggap Yesus sudah memberikan anugrah keselamatan dan menebus dosa manusia di atas kayu salib. Pemahaman ini dapat menjadi ancaman bagi pertumbuhan spiritualitas umat Tuhan. Penting sekali untuk ditanggapi dan mendapat penjelasan secara Alkitabiah. Tujuan penulisan ini agar jemaat Kristen tidak memiliki pandangan yang salah akan anugrah Keselamatan yang diterimanya. Adapun metode penulisan yang digunakan yaitu secara kualitatif deskriptif melalui peneliti terdahulu, dan literatur lainnya yang berkaitan dengan pokok pembahasan di atas. Maka dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Keselamatan yang diterima orang percaya bukan menjadi suatu alasan untuk tidak menjaga hidup kudus melainkan harus memiliki karakter yang kudus dan terus menerus mengalami pertobatan.
Morphea caused by COVID-19 infection, first polish case report
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, Cisoń Hanna , Białynicki-Birula Rafał
Published: January 2024

Morphea, a localized scleroderma variant, is a rare dermatological condition characterized by fibrosis and thickening of the skin. While its etiology remains unclear, there have been reports of its association with viral infections, including COVID-19. We present a case of morphea in a 26-year-old female patient with a history of two episodes of COVID-19. The patient exhibited cutaneous lesions on her left forearm, bilateral axillae, and groin, accompanied by abdominal wall induration Laboratory investigations revealed no significant abnormalities, except for positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) with various patterns. This case highlights the potential association between COVID-19 infection and the development of morphea, underscoring the importance of considering this relationship in patients presenting with dermatological manifestations following COVID-19. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies for such cases. Key words: COVID-19, Morphea, Post-COVID-19 Morphea, Skin diseases
From macular lymphocytic arteritis to cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa: A spectrum of the same disease? Two cases of the same clinical presentation yet different histopathological findings
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de Mexico, México, Corona-Herrera Judith Monserrat , Zepeda-Gutiérrez uis Asdruval , Falcon-Antonio Orlando Emmanuel , Barrera-Godínez Alejandro , Méndez Flores Silvia , Domínguez-Cherit Judith Guadalupe
Published: January 2024

Macular lymphocytic arteritis (MLA) is a type of indolent cutaneous vasculitis that affects small to medium-sized blood vessels. Histopathologically, it is characterized by a predominantly lymphocytic leukocytic infiltrate (unlike polyarteritis nodosa, in which neutrophils predominate) in the blood vessels of the deep dermis and superficial hypodermis. The disease mainly affects females (17:3), with a mean age of forty years. In general, this entity is considered benign with a variable clinical presentation. The importance of knowing this entity lies in the fact that the pathological findings are discordant with the clinic and an erroneous diagnosis may lead to unnecessary treatments. This vasculitis usually has a benign course and no progression to systemic disease. Herein, we present two cases of this rare vasculitis. Key words: Macular lymphocytic arteritis, Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, Vasculitis, Systemic lupus erythematosus
Revitalizing the hair ends: Formulation and evaluation of the elderflower (Sambucus nigra) hair mask for enhanced hair health
Authors:   CECAV and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University, Vila Real, Portugal, Gonçalves Sara , Gaivão Isabel
Published: January 2024

Background: Elderflower (Sambucus nigra) is esteemed for its historical use in traditional medicine and culinary applications, attributed to its rich content of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils. Recognizing its potential benefits for skin and hair health, elderflower has found its place in the cosmetic industry. This study ventured into developing and evaluating the elderflower hair mask, an innovative product tailored to nourish and rejuvenate hair ends. Materials and Methods: The formulation of the elderflower hair mask incorporates a blend of lemon and cedar hydrosols, BTMS (behentrimonium methosulfate, cetearyl alcohol), broccoli oil, elderflower powder, grapefruit essential oil, and laurel essential oil. The research encompasses the detailed preparation process and emphasizes the significance of equipment cleansing and disinfection protocols. A notable aspect is the use of freshly milled elderflower powder, ensuring the preservation of its potency. Comprehensive traceability worksheets are employed to meticulously record ingredients, batch numbers, and due dates, thereby ensuring product quality and traceability. The pH of the elderflower hair mask is at 6, harmonizing with the natural pH of healthy hair, thus facilitating effective conditioning without disrupting the structural integrity of the hair. Results: This study illuminated the distinctive attributes of each ingredient within the formulation. Lemon hydrosol contributes cleansing and clarifying properties, while cedar hydrosol offers soothing effects. BTMS demonstrates its prowess in hair conditioning, while broccoli oil aids in moisture retention. Grapefruit essential oil contributes an invigorating aroma, and laurel essential oil is recognized for its potential to promote hair strength and scalp health. Discussion: The elderflower hair mask embodies a holistic approach to hair care by carefully selecting and formulating these ingredients. The pH alignment with the hair’s natural pH underscores its effectiveness in conditioning. This innovative product has the potential to revitalize and nourish hair ends, offering a fusion of traditional wisdom and modern cosmetic science. Further research may delve into the mask’s specific benefits, supporting its role in enhancing hair health and overall well-being. Key words: Elderflower, Cosmetics, Natural ingredients, Hair mask
Cutaneous tuberculosis: A series of 10 cases collected at the Dermatology-Venereology Department of the Treichville University Hospital Center
Authors:   Dermatology and Venerology Department, University Teaching Hospital of Treichville, 01 BPV R03 Abidjan 01, Ivory Coast, Tchomdom Georgies Steve Tameu , Gbandama Koffi Kouame Pacôme , Feungue Ulrich Nguena , Ahogo Kouadio Célestin
Published: January 2024

Background: Cutaneous tuberculosis is a rare and under-diagnosed localization of tuberculosis due to its anatomo-clinical polymorphism and the infrequent isolation of mycobacteria. The general objective of our study was to identify its epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and evolutive particularities in our working environment. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of case series from January 2019 to July 2022. Any patient presenting suggestive clinical signs of cutaneous tuberculosis, as well as a histological and/or biological confirmation, was included. Results: Out of 26024 patients consulted, 10 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis were identified (0.03%), with a male predominance (M/F ratio of 9). The average age of the patients was 24 years, with an interquartile range of 23 years and extremes of 5 and 57 years. The main clinical forms identified were scrofulodermas (7 cases). We noted three exceptional cases in which several clinical forms were associated: gummas and verrucous tuberculosis, scrofulodermas and gummas, and scrofulodermas, gummas, and verrucous tuberculosis. Histopathology of skin fragments showed tuberculoid granuloma associated with caseous necrosis in 100% of the cases. Auramine staining found AFB in 67% while PCR revealed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 85.71%. HIV serology was negative in all patients. Conclusion: Cutaneous tuberculosis in Abidjan is dominated by multibacillary forms, namely gums and scrofuloderma such as other series in the West African subregion. The negativity of HIV serology in all our patients raises the question of the link between cutaneous tuberculosis and HIV as well as the favoring factors of cutaneous tuberculosis in our context. Key words: Abidjan, Ivory coast, Epidemiology, Cutaneous tuberculosis
Body hair removal: A cross-sectional survey among women in the north of Morocco
Authors: Al faker Ibtissam , Marraha Farah , Gourinda Adil , Bousgheiri Fadila , Chahoub Hanane , Rahmani Najlae , Najdi Adil , Gallouj Salim
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: Our study aimed to determine the prevalence and techniques of body hair removal. In addition, we also looked at the various complications that had arisen in our patient group. Materials and Methods: An online, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was conducted in the north region of Morocco to collect data that was sent to participants who live in one of the cities of northern Morocco. IBM SPSS, version 25, was employed to analyze the data with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A total of 660 randomly selected women responded to the questionnaire. The mean age was 31.02 ± 8.89 (SD). Pubic and axillary hair were the most often depilated areas (90–94%). The main reason was hygiene (46.9%). Age, income, family situation, and social status were significantly associated with body hair removal areas and methods. The complications that occurred in different parts of the body were minimal and similar to those already reported in the literature for pubic grooming. They were mainly associated with the technique of removal. Conclusion: Younger women were more likely to remove hair from the face, forearms, and legs when compared to the older. Traditional techniques such as waxing and shaving were still the most often employed. Key words: Body areas, Complications, Hair removal, Regional survey, Techniques What is known about this subject in regard to women and their families? Hair removal is above all a women’s issue. Although the practice is highly popular, there are still complications related to various hair removal methods. What is new from this article as messages for women and their families? There is no previously published data on the prevalence, techniques, and complications of body hair removal among women in our region. More effort is needed to educate women to choose the most appropriate technique with fewer complications.
Exploring medical students’ perceptions of dermatology and dermatologists
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland, Cisoń Hanna , Kostrzewska Paulina , Łątka Natalia , Krajewski Piotr , Białynicki-Birula Rafał , Konsur-Jankowska Alina
Published: January 2024

Background: Recent survey results highlight the need for increased awareness and recognition of dermatology as a medical specialty within the broader medical community. Methods: A survey was conducted among 852 Polish medical students using Google Documents, modelled after a similar study conducted in Germany. Results: The survey identified significant findings: many respondents lacked awareness and understanding of dermatology’s scope and significance, often associating it primarily with cosmetic procedures. Dermatology was perceived as less prestigious and intellectually challenging, leading to its underrepresentation in medical school curricula and career preferences. Conclusions: There is a pressing need for advocacy and awareness campaigns to showcase the depth and complexity of dermatology as a medical field. Key words: Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Career choice, Dermatologists