bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost awareness of radiological studies among doctors at Universitas Academic Hospital in Bloemfontein, South Africa
Authors: Mrwetyana Khanyisa N. , Janse van Rensburg Jacques , Joubert Gina
Published: September 2021

Background: South Africa has high healthcare expenses. Improving cost-consciousness could decrease government expenditure on healthcare.Objectives: To determine cost awareness of radiological studies among doctors at a tertiary hospital. The objective was met by assessing the accuracy of cost estimation according to the level of training and speciality, whether participants had received prior education/training related to cost awareness and if they had a desire to learn more about the cost of radiological imaging.Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in six clinical departments at Universitas Academic Hospital using an anonymous questionnaire that determined doctors’ cost awareness of five radiological studies. Each radiological study was answered using six different cost ranges, with one correct option. Costs were based on the Department of Health’s 2019 Uniform Patients Fee Schedule (UPFS).Results: In total, 131 (67.2%) of 195 questionnaires distributed to registrars and consultants were returned. Overall, low accuracy of cost estimation was observed, with 45.2% of the participants choosing only incorrect options. No participant estimated all five costs correctly. Only the Internal Medicine clinicians demonstrated a significant difference between registrars and consultants for the number of correct answers (median 0 and 1, respectively) (p = 0.04). No significant differences were found between specialities stratified by registrars/consultants. Most participants (88.6%) would like to learn about imaging costs. Only 2.3% of the participants had received prior education/training related to cost awareness of radiological studies.Conclusion: Doctors were consistently inaccurate in estimating the cost of radiological studies. Educating doctors about the cost of radiological imaging could have a positive effect on healthcare expenditure.
Building research capacity in India
Authors: Gadgil Durga , Sengar Manju , Pramesh C. S. , Badwe Rajendra , Ranganathan Priya
Published: September 2021

Clinical research is an essential part of evidence-based medicine. The conduct of high-quality clinical research requires the backing of strong infrastructure, especially well-trained clinical research professionals. Tata Memorial Centre is the largest public cancer center in India and has been offering a Masters degree in Clinical Research since 2014. In this article, we look at the need for clinical research training, the evolution of this course and the impact it has had on clinical research capacity in India
Tailored ADAS Functions Fulfilling Local Market Expectations - Time Saving Approach without Compromising the Performance Quality
Authors: Quinz Philipp , Scheidel Stefan , Hasenbichler Gernot , Ramschak Erich
Published: September 2021

Modern safety and comfort features must behave country specific to the local environment and traffic conditions in order to gain end consumers’ trust and strengthening OEMs market success respectively. In order to achieve this, a new methodology was developed. In this paper, the approach for designing advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) with a tailored controller behavior optimized for country specific market expectations like in India is described. Furthermore, the definition of objective performance and calibration targets with automated evaluation of target fulfillment will be deeply discussed. The method is focused on saving time at calibration and validation without compromising the quality of ADAS features. Local market specific driving behavior is investigated and measurement data from real-world driving collected. Data clustering via maneuver detection is performed automatically, which is saving time and effort. The target values for the performance KPIs are extracted from scenarios detected in the measurements by using techniques of design of experiments and empirical modelling. Based on the calculated performance KPIs, multidimensional models representing the ideal driving behavior are created and target values as well as upper and lower limits are set. The methodology will be described on the example of an adaptive cruise control (ACC) designed for the Indian market where ADAS performance targets for the whole operation range of the feature were defined. Since the whole process of data collection, clustering and KPI calculation is mainly automated, the potential for saving time in verification and validation on proving ground as well as in real-world testing of fleets is enormous. The strengths of the current approach as well as future challenges will be shown.
Improvement of Rear Seat Vibrations of Passenger Bus by Tuning Damper Characteristics
Authors: Debnath Sarnab , Lad Abhishek , Achanta Krishna , Bisht Devendra
Published: September 2021

Passenger vehicles are used as one of the frequently used and versatile mode of transport. Commercial buses cater to short to long distance travel for city as well as highway applications. Thus, passenger ride comfort becomes paramount for the salability of the vehicle. Generally, it is observed that the rear seat experiences the worst ride comfort characteristics due to rear overhang and pitching characteristics of buses. Therefore the objective of this project is to improve the rear seat vibrations of passenger bus by tuning damper characteristics. Shock absorbers, being a low cost and easily interchangeable component is tuned first before optimizing other suspension parameters. The methodology is as follows: first, a 4 degree of freedom mathematical model is created on MATLAB Simulink R2015a environment. Time domain data is obtained by road load data analysis and used as an input for the mathematical model. An experimentation was carried out on the bus at speeds of 20 km/h over a single hump to obtain actual acceleration time domain data. The model is then correlated with actual test over a single hump.

After setting up baseline results, tuning of damper is carried out. First low speed compression range is tuned to obtain better ride comfort characteristics over Class A road and results are observed. This is done by varying the damping force from 5kgf to 100kgf in speeds between 0.05 m/s to 0.25 m/s in compression. Thereafter, high speed rebound range is tuned over a single hump by varying the damping force between 1000 kgf to 4000 kgf in speeds between 1m/s to 3 m/s in rebound travel and results are obtained. Finally, fitment of data in Ride Comfort Index is carried out as per ISO 2631. Therefore a comprehensive and parametric damper tuning sheet is prepared considering the natural frequency, critical damping coefficient and damping ratio.
Reimagining Transportation: Bio-Mobility
TM
Authors: Utgikar Ravindra , Deshpande cEng Ghanshyam , Padmanabhan PhD Sasisanker , Joshi Chaitanya Prakash
Published: September 2021

India has a huge opportunity to fulfil its commitment towards global GHG emissions reduction by 30-35%. This can be achieved by maximizing the share of renewable energy in India’s overall energy mix, currently is dominated by fossil fuels. After industry and transportation sector comprising of air, water and surface modes is the second largest contributor of GHG emissions. Ever since the evolution of mobility, the transportation landscape continues to be occupied mostly by internal combustion engines (ICE) that employs fossil fuels. These fossil fuels are majorly import dependent and cause of huge foreign exchange outflow. Therefore, the need of the hour is to leverage captive alternative energy sources that can help mitigate risk of climate change besides positively impacting economy and society. Biofuel - a renewable transportation fuel, both in gaseous & liquid form, is a very promising, alternate clean energy source. Biofuels are environment friendly and help improve the rural economy. Besides facilitating energy self-reliance, biofuels utilize existing infrastructure and ecosystem of ICE automotive industry. Praj Bio-MobilityTM platform envisions the use of bio-based renewable feedstock for the production of low-carbon transportation fuels for all modes of transportation. This unique platform also works in tandem with e-mobility solutions. Bio-MobilityTM platform comprises of established solutions such as 1st generation bio-ethanol, Biodiesel and fast emerging advanced biofuel solution such as 2nd generation bio-ethanol, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), compressed bio-gas (CBG), Bio-hydrogen, marine bio-fuels, etc. This paper deals with the adoption of Bio-MobilityTM platform for transportation as they can create winners in the social, economic and environmental areas. This includes entrepreneurship and employment opportunities for farming community, boosting rural economy, minimizing air pollution resulting in curbing GHG emissions. It also aligns with the Government of India’s vision of doubling the farmer’s income and contributing towards India’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan.
Implementation of Lean Operation User Manual
Authors:   Automotive Quality and Process Improvement Committee
Published: September 2021

SAE J4001 provides instruction for evaluating levels of compliance to SAE J4000. Component text (Sections 4 to 9) from SAE J4000 is included for convenience during the evaluation process. Applicable definitions and references are contained in SAE J4000.

SAE J4000 tests lean implementation within a manufacturing organization and includes those areas of direct overlap with the organization’s suppliers and customers. If applied to each consecutive organizational link, an enterprise level evaluation can be made. SAE J4001 relates the following approximate topic percentages to the implementation process as a whole:

SAE J4001 is to be applied on a specific component basis. Each of the 52 components tests part of, one, or multiples of the specific requirements of lean implementation. Implementation throughout an organization may be measured by evaluating all of the components. The level of compliance for each component relative to best practice may be used as a reference by an organization to compare itself to current best practice in establishing lean operation. Examples of current best practice are available in SAE publication RR003.

An organization may evaluate only selected components without affecting validity of results.
MESIODENS BILATERALLY TO MIDLINE: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Universidade do Grande Rio, Lessa Paloma de Souza , Miasato José Massao ,   Universidade do Grande Rio, de Oliveira Leila Maria Chevitarese ,   Universidade do Grande Rio, da Silva Luciana Alves Herdy ,   Universidade do Grande Rio
Published: September 2021

Mesiodens is the more frequent supernumerary tooth, located between the upper central incisors and can be found in deciduous or permanent dentition, with greater predominance for males, which can cause functional, aesthetic and psychological changes. Aiming to report a clinical case that presents two mesiodens bilaterally in the anterior maxillary region, causing impaction of the permanent upper central incisors. A non-syndromic, male, 5-year-old patient sought care accompanied by his legally responsible at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the Universidade do Grande Rio, referred by the private clinic because it was believed that the procedure could only be performed with the use of conscious sedation. The treatment plan was carried out through imaging exams and clinical evaluation. It is concluded that a good evaluation, diagnosis, and adequate planning are fundamental in therapeutics. Therefore, they have allowed the eruption of the central incisors, contributing to a better quality of life and self-esteem.
Oil Price–Stock Market Nexus During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From China
Authors: Shi Zheng , Kong Dongmin
Published: September 2021

This study focuses on the relation between the fluctuation of international oil prices and China’s energy stock market during the COVID-19 pandemic, using a dynamic conditional correlation generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model. We confirm the spillover effect of volatility between oil price returns and energy stock returns and determine that price leadership has been heavily influenced during the pandemic.
Conceptual Frameworks for Firm Strategy: An Information Systems Perspective
Authors:   PROFESOR ORDINARIO DE SISTEMAS DE INFORMACIÓN Y DIRECCIÓN GENERAL, IESE, Andreu I Civit Rafael , Jáuregui Kety ,   DIRECTORA ASOCIADA DEL PROGRAMA DOCTORAL ESADE-ESAN
Published: September 2021

El concepto de estrategia y formación de estrategia puede ser analizado desde diferentes perspectivas. Mintzberg (1990) ha identificado diez escuelas básicas de pensamiento con relación a este tema. La estrategia es concebida como un proceso de visión, diseño, planeamiento o posicionamiento; como un proceso de conocimiento o aprendizaje, sujeto a influencias políticas, culturales o ambientales, o más propiamente como un proceso centrado en la transformación. A través de los años, los sistemas de información han venido a jugar un papel crecientemente estratégico en los negocios, capaz de apoyar la formulación e implementación de estrategias y, particularmente, la reformulación de estrategias. Este trabajo ofrece una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema y relaciona los sistemas de información con las diez escuelas de estrategia mencionadas, permitiendo la discusión de la utilidad de los diferentes tipos de sistemas de información.
Modelo de desarrollo de comercio electrónico B2C en los países menos desarrollados: el caso peruano
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Díaz Andrade Antonio
Published: September 2021

Esta investigación propone un modelo de desarrollo para el comercio electrónico de empresa a consumidor (B2C) en los países menos desarrollados, a partir de la situación del en el Perú. Para hallar características comunes que permitan definir el modelo, se realizan entrevistas semiestructuradas a tres sectores de profesionales vinculados al desarrollo del comercio electrónico en el Perú: los responsables de la definición de políticas y normas sobre comercio electrónico, los proveedores de servicios de Internet (ISP), y los gerentes y directores de empresas inmersas en las actividades de comercio electrónico. Se propone a priori que el modelo contemple la situación de la infraestructura tecnológica nacional, la difusión de los medios de pago, la situación de la distribución física y la cultura de compra en línea en el Perú.
La capacidad innovadora de las pymes peruanas en el universo del APEC
Authors:   PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ, Velasco Gálvez Dennis , López Vargas Kristian ,   PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL PERÚ
Published: September 2021

La globalización, las reformas estructurales y los procesos de apertura e integración han aumentado las presiones competitivas que deben enfrentar las unidades económicas, en especial las de menor tamaño relativo. Dado que la experiencia internacional muestra que existe una estrecha relación entre la capacidad exportadora y el desarrollo de actividades innovadoras en las empresas, es relevante investigar el grado de avance de las actividades innovadoras en las pymes, con el fin de evaluar su impacto en la competitividad y en la consecuente capacidad exportadora de estas empresas dentro del universo de la Cooperación Económica Asia Pacífico (APEC). El objetivo de este trabajo es elaborar un Índice de Capacidad Innovativa (ICI) que permita establecer el grado de búsqueda de eficiencia y de nuevos mercados, elementos que pueden determinar el potencial exportador y el nivel de utilidades de las pymes. Además, se evalúa la incidencia de los servicios de desarrollo empresarial sobre el nivel de utilidades y de producción.
Estudio semiótico de la relación entre estilo de comunicación y liderazgo: el caso del presidente Alejandro Toledo
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Brown Gutiérrez Ofelia
Published: September 2021

A través del análisis semiótico, es posible conocer la simbología que un sujeto realiza de su interpretación de las relaciones con el universo. Este estudio es una primera aproximación al análisis del mundo simbólico de Alejandro Toledo, expresado en su lenguaje verbal y no verbal. Se ha buscado establecer las relaciones entre liderazgo y estilo de comunicación, así como el rol que cumple el lenguaje administrativo en el ejercicio de la autoridad y el poder. Para ello se han analizado fragmentos de los discursos del mandatario, desde la fase preelectoral hasta julio de 2003, y de las constantes encontradas se ha podido deducir su simbología e identificar aquellos aspectos que afectan la percepción que de él tiene la ciudadanía.
Percepción y expectativa de los ciudadanos peruanos frente al gobierno electrónico
Authors:   ESADE-UNIVERSIDAD RAMÓN LLULL, BARCELONA, ESPAÑA BECARIO CÁTEDRA UNESCO, Cardona Diego
Published: September 2021

Presenta cómo los ciudadanos peruanos evalúan los esfuerzos gubernamentales por implementar iniciativas de gobierno electrónico. Primero se describen los conceptos básicos usados en el artículo, luego se expone brevemente la política peruana de gobierno electrónico y se termina midiendo cómo perciben los ciudadanos el gobierno electrónico y qué esperan de éste, mediante un modelo desarrollado por el autor durante su investigación doctoral (Cardona, 2004). El modelo incluye cinco constructos latentes e independientes: actitud, aptitud, confianza, relevancia y satisfacción, que afectan dos constructos latentes y dependientes: la percepción y la expectativa ciudadanas frente a su interacción con la administración pública a través del uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación, bajo el efecto de variables ilustrativas relacionadas con los ciudadanos, las instituciones y el entorno.
Café de especialidad: alternativa para el sector cafetalero peruano
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Castro Pilar , Contreras Yabed ,   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Laca Delia ,   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Nakamatsu Keiko ,   Universidad ESAN, Perú
Published: September 2021

Si bien el café en general es un commodity, en los últimos años se ha identificado un nicho de mercado rentable: el del café de especialidad. Para acceder a este mercado, el café debe ser de la más alta calidad, ser producido en microclimas geográficos específicos, tener un sabor particular y ser extraído siguiendo estándares rigurosamente establecidos. El Perú cuenta con ventajas comparativas para obtener café de especialidad porque tiene una de las mejores variedades botánicas de café, condiciones climáticas y geográficas adecuadas y disponibilidad de agua en zonas tropicales de altura. Sin embargo, para lograr competitividad es necesario superar limitaciones en cuanto a recursos, tecnología, organización y gestión, así como formular estrategias de largo plazo en las que se consideren los intereses de toda la cadena productiva, desde los agricultores hasta los exportadores, en una relación de «ganar-ganar» basada en el conocimiento profundo de la realidad actual del sector y del mercado internacional.
Movida de piso
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Gastañaduy Alfonso
Published: September 2021

Cometa S.A., una pequeña empresa de distribución de productos para soldadura ubicada en Huancayo, logra posicionarse ventajosamente en el mercado durante algunos años vendiendo principalmente a centros mineros, mientras sus competidores limitaban sus operaciones a la ciudad de Huancayo. El producto más vendido es el electrodo de la fábrica Trikón, que ninguna otra empresa distribuye en el centro del país. Los problemas empiezan cuando los dueños de Cometa se enteran de que su principal competidora en Huancayo, que años antes había dejado de vender los productos de Trikón por un serio conflicto con este fabricante, volverá a distribuir este producto.
Integridad: respuesta superadora a los dilemas éticos del hombre de empresa
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD AUSTRAL (ARGENTINA), Paladino Marcelo , Debeljuh Patricia ,   UNIVERSIDAD ARGENTINA DE LA EMPRESA (UADE), Del Bosco Paola ,   UNIVERSIDAD AUSTRAL (ARGENTINA)
Published: September 2021

The various scandals that have shaken the corporate world have shown the need to analyze once again the ethic foundations of the corporation. It is not enough to issue a simple negative judgment; we must learn from failure and reflect on its causes. Why didn’t these companies fulfill their missions? What happened to their fundamental values? What happened to the personal convictions of their general managers, with their vision of the future, with their contributions for the country and the community? Experience shows that it is not enough to merely propose worthy goals, guiding values or policies in favor of the environment and the community. It is necessary that all these propositions originate in the personal convictions of each individual, so that each action will have a distinctive, personal mark. Integrity must be found in the center of each individual and corporation. This paper presents integrity as a superior concept amongst the values and virtues which are normally mentioned; it implies that management must adopt the enabling attitudes and abilities they need to carry out their work properly.
Persona ética y organización: hacia un nuevo paradigma organizacional
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA (ESPAÑA), Rodríguez Alfredo , Aguilera Juan Carlos ,   UNIVERSIDAD ADOLFO IBÁÑEZ (CHILE)
Published: September 2021

In many corporations, the importance of ethics does not go further than just good intentions. Philosopher Josef Pieper warned about this situation when he wrote about prudence, a virtue that is at the basis of outstanding management and thus, also of company ethics and corporate social responsibility, an issue included in the problem as there are many ways to understand its significance. However, before any consideration on the importance of company–social relationships or on the values and moral actions of organizations, we must bear in mind that the type of corporation depends on the type of individual we represent in our minds. Without an anthropological vision it is not possible to ascertain the actions of people in the corporation or their attitudes towards its goals. Our work will try to contribute a proposal in which the corporation is explained and organized from the point of view of the people
Integración de la ética en la gestión de las personas y los medios para lograr la sostenibilidad del cambio
Authors:   CENTRO DE DESARROLLO DE ÉTICAS APLICADAS Y PROMOCIÓN DE CAPITAL SOCIAL (BOLIVIA), Pou Munt Guillermo
Published: September 2021

Ethics is a key concept in management, yet it’s meaning is reduced to signify just goodwill. Ethics must be an important part of management, as companies should take actions based on objective and conclusive principles. Activities related to ethics should be included in all areas of the company. This is an important omission not only because decisions and actions must be guided by sound and objective principles but also because of the multiple benefits deriving from sustained and consistent work aimed at including ethics as a field of management activities and which therefore deserves management’s time and aimed at including ethics in all areas of people management within organizations. This paper will address elements and criteria on how to include ethics in company management from a general perspective and how this can add social value to communities.
Clima ético corporativo: una aplicación del modelo de Víctor y Cullen en las empresas del estado de Sao Paulo
Authors:   UNIMEP-PIRACICABA, BRASIL, Ferrato Elio , Coutinho de Arruda Maria Cecilia ,   FGV-EAESP, BRASIL
Published: September 2021

Victor and Cullen (1988) developed an empirical survey in order to measure the ethical climate in the organizational bases of 872 employees of four North-American companies. Based on some of the parameters pointed out by these authors, this study had the objective of analyzing ethical corporate climates in nine Brazilian organizations, located in the São Paulo State, Brazil, involving 2573 employees. The Brazilian survey suggested the existence of distinct types of ethical climate and a differentiation in function of norms spread out by the board of directors in the organizations. It was not the purpose to establish a theory about ethical climate, as done by Victor and Cullen, nevertheless, implications of ethical corporate climate in organization theories have been discussed.
Responsabilidad social corporativa: qué se hace y qué debe hacerse
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Solano David
Published: September 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility has caught the attention of the business community worldwide because consumer and capital markets now champion or punish a company for its relationship with its environment. But this approach is still new and has several defects: it’s reactive, excessively focused on mass media, it’s not specialized, it confuses Public Relations with Social Responsibility, etc. This shows not only little knowledge of the basic concepts but also of the main reason underlying any Social Responsibility process: a sustainable improvement in the relationship with the population as a foundation for sustainable development. In order to achieve this it is necessary to have clear objectives, an clear definition of the target audience, and well designed action plans. Only then will we be able to assess the success or failure of our intervention.
Oro de los Andes
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Morán María Rosa
Published: September 2021

This case study poses the problem of a mining company and their activities in the Ancash Department. Despite the vast quantity of natural and cultural resources in the region, the communities are not developed, lacking government services and access routes. In this context, the company decides to enact a program that would increase tourist activity, with the intention of generating more wealth in the region, and as a means to develop competitive advantages and a sustainable source of income and employment for the community.
Una misión educativa
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Perú, Brown Ofelia
Published: September 2021

This case study describes an initiative by a computer engineer to develop an innovative teaching method. The company providing financial support has as their sole motivation the altruistic purpose of improving education in Peru. After enacting the program, the people involved decided to form a non-profit association in order to collect donations and assure the resources that will allow the project’s expansion. The story unfolds in the city of Lima, Peru, in May of 2005.
Obstáculos al desarrollo de las pequeñas medianas empresas en América Latina
Authors:   FUNDACIÓN PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN AMÉRICA LATINA, Zevallos V. Emilio
Published: September 2021

This document reports progress made in compared research about the environment, barriers and prospects facing small and intermediate size companies in eight Latin American countries, although only six are presented in this paper, namely Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Chile, El Salvador and Panama. The first section briefly presents each country’s business environment in terms of prevailing concepts, the overall business universe and its trouble spots. It also aims at establishing a general typology of companies. The second section reviews the study’s methodology while the third chapter deals with the elements for doing business in each country (this paper deals only with the financing, human resources and technology components). Finally, it presents some reflections about the condition of small and intermediate companies and some guidelines for public policy actions.
Influencia de los corredores económicos en la producción de limón de exportación en la región Piura
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD DE LIMA, Soto Plasencia Mercedes
Published: September 2021

This paper uses the approaches and concepts of competitive and comparative advantage models and the principles of economic corridors, including production chains, clusters and conglomerates, to analyze the potential for improved lime production in Peru’s northern regions for export to Asia Pacific markets. The first section discusses the relevance of adopting a strategy based on economic corridors as an efficient alternative to combine scale of production and efficient logistics costs, in particular for the Sullana-Tambogrande-San Lorenzo-Ayabaca and ChulucanasMorropon-Huancabamba corridors. The second section adopts a systemic view of agro-industrial competitiveness to identify the barriers to and ex ante conditions that have a positive impact on lime production, namely adoption of technologies, growers’ associations, access to financing, adoption of mechanized planting and harvesting techniques, and others.
Instrumentos de análisis para identificar operaciones de lavado de dinero
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Vera José Carlos
Published: September 2021

Money laundry is the process that hides the origin of resources obtained through illegal activities like drug traffi cking, smuggling, corruption, tax fraud, white-collar crimes, public misappropriation, extortion, illegal work, and, lately, terrorism. The resources are presented as coming from legal activities, and are freely traded in the fi nancial system. However, thanks to the ongoing efforts of international organisms, the countries have established regulations, institutions and organisms to fi ght this crime. In Peru, the entity created for this purpose is the Financial Intelligence Unit, and several legal provisions have been set forth in this regard. This document presents a methodology aimed at generating analysis instruments, indicators and procedures to allow fi nancial institutions to detect money laundry operations. The information used to generate said indicators is provided by INEI’s annual economic survey database, and the information to generate the analysis instrument comes from satellite accounts
Plan de negocios para la insdusrialización y exportación de lúcuma de seda
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Álvarez Huamani Zoila , Bravo Cárdenas Luis Enrique ,   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Tagami Oshita Richard ,   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru
Published: September 2021

The authors evaluate the best alternatives to offer eggfruit in foreign markets, by stressing the fruit’s advantages and looking for an appropriate by-product attractive for exportation. Their evaluation is based on a research on eggfruit, its types, characteristics, uses, growing in Peru and industrialization methods, and also on statistical data collection, and production and exports projections. Italy was found to be the most appropriate destination, because of its traditional ice cream market, where freeze-dried eggfruit powder can be used as main fl avoring input. Taking these fi ndings into account, the authors propose a 10-year business plan which includes a strategic proposal for installation and business growth, both at the production integration level and the product development level. It is about the search for a feasible, profi table and sustainable business opportunity
Riesgo-país y tasas de descuento para empresas latinoamericanas
Authors:   Esade, Sabal Jaime , Sarmiento Aleida ,   Universidad ESAN
Published: September 2021

This paper identifi es the Latin American companies for which the beta calculation is possible and consequently their corporate discount rates with an acceptable degree of confi dence. The selection is based on companies whose shares are listed with suffi cient liquidity in both local stock markets as well as the New York Stock Exchange. At the time of the sample, 88 companies had qualifi ed for the direct beta calculation. The instability of the liquidity indicators and the market dynamics themselves make it necessary to update the analysis often.
Desarrollo, sostenibilidad y capacidades: una trilogía indesligable
Authors:   Universidad ESAN, Lima, Peru, Solano David
Published: September 2021

The difference between economic growth and development has been debated for long. Classical economists hold that the most important challenge for a country was to create wealth. However, as time goes by, other important and complementary concepts have arisen such as development, sustainable development and social capital, stressing out the need for creating human, institutional and natural capacities to generate lasting well-being. Capacities do not come besides investment; we need to create them. However, some examples show that many public and private decision-makers in Peru do not take into account such need; they prioritize economic capacities and neglect social, environmental and institutional ones. Development is not be possible without capacity building, and once the proper capacities are built may sustainable development be created.
Recursos actuales y necesidades futuras: el caso de Santiaguito
Authors: del Castillo Carlos
Published: September 2021

Santiaguito is a district in Peru’s northern Andes. In this paper we identify a number of opportunities to channel efforts towards its development. However, and as it is often the case, only the most explicit and obvious variables guide the development planning and management cycle. A non factual prospective analysis exercise allows to imagine a future situation that can be totally different from the originally proposed long-term vision. The available information is used with certain diagnosis and planning tools and then the outcome is compared with reality and hypothesis for the future.
Engineering and geological zoning of the territory of the city of Bendery
Authors: Гребенщиков В.П. , Гребенщикова Н.В. , Капитальчук И.П.
Published: September 2021

Землетрясения являются одной из главных опасностей глобального масштаба. Территория города Бендеры попадает в зону с сейсмичностью 7 баллов, что определяет необходимость инженерно-геологического районирования территории города. В данной статье представлены результаты инженерно-геологического райони рования города Бендеры, послужившие основой для сейсмического микрорайонирования его территории. Авторами были выполнены сбор и обработка материалов изысканий прошлых лет, маршрутные наблюдения, обобщение сведений по инженерно-геологическим условиям территории, составление карты инженерно-геологического районирования. Инженерно-геологическое районирование рассматривалось как один из методов систематизации знаний об инженерно-геологических условиях территории города, оценки их однородности и сложности, а именно: выявление в сложной и многосторонней геологической среде, на основе совокупности теоретических положений и методических приемов, системы территориальных единиц (районов и подрайонов), обладающих какими-либо общими инженерно-геологическими признаками, их систематизация, картографирование и описание. В ходе исследования авторами было выделено четыре инженерно-геологических района территории г. Бендеры. Приведено краткое описание основных особенностей инженерно-геологических районов и подрайонов. Сделаны выводы о благоприятности инженерно-геологических условий территории г. Бендеры для наземного строительства.

Earthquakes are one of the main dangers on a global scale. The territory of the city of Bendery falls into a zone with a seismicity of 7 points, which determines the need for engineering and geological zoning of the city’s territory. This article presents the results of engineering and geological zoning of the city of Bendery, which served as the basis for seismic micro-zoning of its territory .The authors carried out the collection and processing of survey materials from previous years, route observations, generalization of information on the engineering and geological conditions of the territory, drawing up a map of engineering and geological zoning. Engineeringgeological zoning was considered as one of the methods of systematization of knowledge about the engineering-geological conditions of the city territory, assessment of their homogeneity and complexity, namely: identifi cation in a complex and multilateral geological environment, based on a set of theoretical provisions and methodological techniques, a system of territorial units (districts and subdistricts) that have any common engineering-geological features, their systematization, mapping and description. In the course of the study, the authors identifi ed four engineeringgeological areas of the territory of the city of Bendery. A brief description of the main features of engineering-geological areas and subdistricts is given. Conclusions are made about the favorable engineering and geological conditions of the territory of Bendery for ground construction.
Land and interethnic relations in the North Caucasus in the XIX - early XX centuries
Authors: Дзидзоев В.Д.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются сложнейшие проблемы взаимоотношений коренных народов Северного Кавказа в дореволюционный период. Особенно выделяются этнополитические противоречия между казаками и коренными народами, включая также так называемых иногородних, под которыми здесь следует понимать русских, украинцев и представителей других славянских народов. Основное внимание уделяется ущербной внутренней политике Российской империи, которая, как показано в статье, создавала большие привилегии для казачества, наделяя их лучшими земельными участками, а коренные народы, которые в советской литературе традиционно назывались горцами, лишались элементарных земельных прав.

The article deals with the most complex problems of relations between the indigenous peoples of the North Caucasus in the pre-revolutionary period. The ethnopolitical contradictions between the Cossacks and the indigenous peoples, including the so-called nonresidents, which should be understood as Russians, Ukrainians and representatives of other Slavic peoples, are particularly highlighted. The main attention is paid to the fl awed internal policy of the Russian Empire, which, as shown in the article, created great privileges for the Cossacks, giving them the best land plots, and the indigenous peoples, who were traditionally called highlanders in Soviet literature, were deprived of elementary land rights.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan UMKM Tempe di Desa Sepande Kecamatan Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Dinda W.R Prahastiwi , Balafif Mohammad , Wahyuni Susi Tri
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pengamatan penulis mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan UMKM di Desa Sepande Kecamatan Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penulis mengambil lokasi penelitian di Desa Sepande karena memiliki jumlah pengusaha tempe terbanyak di Kecamatan Candi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manakah dari Modal Usaha, Tenaga Kerja, Bahan Baku dan Lama Usaha yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan UMKM tempe di Desa Sepande. Teknik pengumpulan data ini menggunakan data primer. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian bahwa Modal Usaha berpengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan UMKM Tempe di Desa Sepande. Tenaga Kerjaberpengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan UMKM Tempe di Desa Sepande. Bahan Baku berpengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan UMKM Tempe di Desa Sepande. dan Lama Usaha tidak berpengaruh secara parsial dan signifikan terhadap pendapatan UMKM tempe di Desa Sepande. Modal Usaha memiliki pengaruh dominan terhadap pendapatan UMKM tempe di Desa Sepande Kecamatan Candi Kabupaten Sidoarjo.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Daya Beli Masyarakat di Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Silvia Deby , Balafif Mohammad , Rahmasari Anggraeni
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Daya Beli Masyarakat di Kabupaten Sidoarjo Tahun 2010-2020. Pengambilan data dilakukan  di Badan Pusat Statistika Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Menggunakan data sekunder, yaitu data Inflasi, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, Upah Minimum Kabupaten dan Daya Beli. Teknik pengujian data dan metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji autokorelasi, uji heterokedastisitas dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis regresi linear memperoleh persamaan Y= 10,654+0,015 INFLASI +0,299 PDRB+0,015 UMK dengan perhitungan : a) Nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000<0,005 artinya Inflasi, Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten berpengaruh simultan terhadap tingkat daya beli masyarakat. b) Nilai signifikan Inflasi sebesar 0,294>0,05 artinya secara parsial Inflasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap daya beli masyarakat. c) Sedangkan nilai signifkan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten sebesar 0,015 dan 0,26 artinya Produk Domestik Regional Bruto dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap daya beli masyarakat di Kabupaten Sidoarjo.
Prevalence and factors associated with lupus nephritis in Venezuelan patients
Authors: Aponte Isabel F. , García-Francis María V. , García-Becerra Javier A. , Fuentes-Silva Yurilis J , Tovar-Bastidas Daniela B. , Nieto - Barrios Jessica C. , Al Snih Soham , Rodriguez Martin A.
Published: September 2021

There are scarce data on lupus nephritis from single Latin American countries. We have assessed the prevalence and factors associated with lupus nephritis in a sample of Venezuelan patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING APPLICATIONS İN ENGINEERING AND TEACHER EDUCATION: A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: EKINCI Mithat
Published: September 2021

Problem-based learning (PBL) is an alternative instructional method used to help students acquire scientific and technical knowledge. It has various uses in different disciplines ranging from language learning to nursing. Considering the effectiveness and common usage of problem-based learning, this study is a brief literature review that focused on the use of PBL in two different disciplines, namely, in engineering and teacher training. To this end, the researcher chose 4 articles that are among the most cited studies on Google scholar's web page. The review was conducted to identify the research areas such as scope, research questions, methodologies, common emergent features and overall implications of those studies. As for analysis, coding and categorizing the themes were done in all studies to find common aspects. The emergent themes were discussed, and implications were examined successively. The results showed that applications and utilization of PBL in engineering and teacher training were proven to be beneficial both for the educators and the students of the target area. The study also demonstrated that while analytic thinking, quick decision making, and synthesizing were the primary targets of the use of PBL in engineering, collaboration and comprehension skills are targeted by the practice of PBL in teacher training.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENDER PATTERNS AND TOY SELECTION OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN AGED 3-8 LIVING IN ISTANBUL
Authors: ŞEKERCİ Neşe , ACUNER Deniz , AYDOĞAN Şevval Nur , DOĞAN Yağmur , EROĞLU Meryem
Published: September 2021

The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between children and their parents' gender stereotype judgments and toy choices. The study is descriptive and relationship-seeking research using quantitative methods. The universe of the study is that of children aged 3-8 and their parents living in Istanbul. The sample was composed of 360 parents and 360 children selected by the purpose-built sampling method. The study was conducted by researchers through online platforms with a literature review and a survey created with expert opinion. In accordance with the purpose of the study, two forms were created, aimed at parents and aimed at Children. There are 21 Questions in the parent question form and 14 questions in the child question form. Consent was obtained from the participants at the beginning of the survey. The question form includes questions about parents' perceptions of toy choices, gender stereotypes, children's gender stereotypes, and children's toy choices. Research data was collected in April 2021. Data on sociodemographic features were obtained by frequency, number and percentage analysis. It was found using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test whether gender stereotype judgment score and toy selection scores showed normal distribution. It was found that the scores did not show normal distribution, and non-parametric tests were used. Difference analyses between the groups were obtained using the Mann Whitney U test, and the existence of a relationship between the data was obtained using the Spearman correlation analysis. As a result of this research, it was found that sociodemographic characteristics that parents have influence on gender stereotypes, as well as on their and their children's toy choices. It was concluded that the children of parents with high educational status have more egalitarian gender stereotypes and non-gender-specific toy choices compared to children of parents with low educational status. In parents who had a profession and a job where they worked, the results were found to have more egalitarian gender stereotypes than in those who did not have a profession, similar to educational status. On the other hand, parents who have a job, have more egalitarian gender stereotypes than non-working parents. Gender stereotypes for parents with low educational status and non-working and the importance of toy selection for children should be organized.
SEYITOMER MOUND MİDDLE BRONZE AGE LİNE DECORATİON SPİNDLE WHORLS
Authors: KARAOĞLAN Hülya
Published: September 2021

Since prehistoric times, human beings have decorated their daily items such as tools, utensils, pots and fugitives by applying ornaments with various techniques. These decorations are not only haphazardly but also systematically and as works of art. Seyitömer Mound is located 30 km northwest of Kütahya Province in the north of Afyon-Altıntaş-road in Seyitömer Town of Kütahya. Nine years of uninterrupted excavations were carried out by the Kütahya Dumlupınar University Archeology Department in Seyitömer Mound. During the excavations carried out in Seyitömer Mound , spindle whorls dating back to the Middle Bronze Age and used in rope spinning are quite common. Decorations in various compositions were applied on these finds using the scraping technique. These decorations are divided into groups as Mixed Composition, Bow, Line, Angle, Zigzag and Star, Point, Nail, Ring, Wave, Radial Decoration. In this study, in Seyitömer Mound spindle whorl finds BC. twenty one spindle whorls belonging to the 2nd millennium and decorated (marked) with "arc-shaped" decoration were studied. In this spindle whorls group, many compositions have been created from arc-shaped lines. These compositions were mostly made in groups of nested double-triple-quadruple arcs, four-five. In the study, drawings of Seyitömer Mound bow-shaped spindle whorls, their location, dimensions and descriptions were added as a catalog. In addition, its contemporaries and similar peripheral centers are specified with a compared bibliography. The aim of the study is to include this group of finds, which is important for archaeological research, into the literature.