bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Influencing Factors of Fertilizer Dropping Time for a Variable-rate Fertilizer Applicator
Authors: Hu Hao , Liu Gang , Huang Jiayun , Zhang Jiqin
Published: October 2022

Highlights

The influencing factors of the fertilizer dropping time are determined by simulation.

The relationship between the influencing factors and the fertilizer dropping time is explored on the VRF applicator.

A new method is established to calculate the fertilizer dropping time.

Abstract. Lag time is one of the main factors that affect the accuracy of the variable rate fertilizer (VRF) applicator. The key to correcting the impact of the lag time is to determine its influencing factors. This article focuses on the fertilizer dropping time, which is a part of the lag time, and hypothesizes that the rotational speed of the fluted roller, working length of the fluted roller, number of fertilizer particles, and the length of the fertilizer tube may affect the fertilizer dropping time. First, taking advantage of the simple and convenient setting of the working parameters and conditions of the simulation software, different working parameters were set by the EDEM software for simulation, and the simulation results were analyzed to determine that the rotational speed of the fluted roller and the length of the fertilizer tube are the main influencing factors of the fertilizer dropping time. Second, to explore the relationship between the two factors and the fertilizer dropping time in the actual work, experiments were performed on the VRF applicator. The experimental results are analyzed by ANOVA, and the analysis results show that: the correlation coefficient R2 between the rotational speed of the fluted roller and fertilizer dropping time is greater than 0.95, and there is a linear relationship between the factor and fertilizer dropping time; the fertilizer dropping time increases with increasing the length of the fertilizer tube. Finally, the rotation speed-the length of the fertilizer tube-fertilizer dropping time model was established through the multiple regression analysis. With the model, the fertilizer dropping time was accurately calculated according to the rotational speed of the fluted roller and the length of the fertilizer tube. The accuracy of the model is greater than 85%, which helps to calculate the fertilizer dropping time. This study helps to correct the lag distance by sending instructions in advance and improving the accuracy of the VRF applicator. Keywords: Fertilizer dropping time, Fertilizer tube, Rotation speed, VRF.
Potential of Dimensional Measurements of Individual Pellets for Evaluating Feed Pellet Quality
Authors: Pordesimo Lester O. , Cannayen Igathinathane , Bevans Basil D. , Holzgraefe David P.
Published: October 2022

Highlights

Pellet length but not width increased significantly with increasing inclusion of a pellet binder in a pelleted feed

Machine vision capably and rapidly measures pellet length

The narrow range in pellet length measurements prevents its use as an effective discriminator of pellet quality

Pellet durability index from aggressive pellet durability testing is the better discriminator of feed pellet quality

Abstract. Pellet durability index (PDI) detailed in ASAE Standard S269.4 (ASAE Standards, 2007) has been the widely accepted measure for pellet quality in the U.S. and, by extension, the measure for evaluating the effect of ingredients and pelleting process variables on the quality of pelleted feed products. The PDI is calculated as the mass percentage of intact pellets remaining after tumbling a 500 g sample in a tumbling can durability tester for 10 min. In the case where pellet quality is good, oftentimes the resulting PDI for different experimental treatments are very close in magnitude. In these situations, it is desirable to have another measurement that would allow for finer discrimination among treatments. It was hypothesized that the average linear dimensions of animal feed pellets in a unit mass sample would vary as a function of formulation and pelleting process variables for a consistent knife setting in the pellet mill. This hypothesis was tested in a study involving effectiveness testing of varying inclusion levels of a potential pellet binder in a typical corn-soy swine diet pelleted by both conventional and cold pelleting processes. Pellet lengths and diameters measured by a machine vision implemented in ImageJ matched to measurements taken manually and varied with treatments. Pellet length varied with treatments but could not be a good discriminator of pellet durability between pelleted products because of the narrow range in measurement numbers (8.53 to 11.15 mm by machine vision). With the wider range in numerical values of the PDIs obtained through aggressive durability testing (23.0% to 81.0% in a tumble can with steel hexagonal screw nuts versus 91.0% to 97.5% in a tumble can without hexagonal nuts), PDI from aggressive testing is the better discriminator of quality among pelleted products because of its greater resolution. Keywords: Animal feed, Durability, Linear dimensions, Machine vision, Pellet, Pellet binder, Pelleting, Quality.
InP integrated optical frequency comb generator using an amplified recirculating loop
Authors: Tough Euan J. , Fice Martyn J. , Carpintero Guillermo , Renaud Cyril C. , Seeds Alwyn J. , Balakier Katarzyna
Published: October 2022

A novel realisation of photonically integrated optical frequency comb generation is demonstrated on indium phosphide (InP) using a generic foundry platform. The architecture, based on the amplified recirculating loop technique, consists of cascaded electro-optic phase modulators embedded within a short waveguide loop. While an injected continuous wave laser signal is recirculated by the loop, the modulators are driven with a modulation frequency corresponding to the round-trip loop length frequency. This results in many phase coherent, evenly spaced optical comb lines being generated. The choice of InP as an integration platform allows immediate optical amplification of the modulated signal by embedded semiconductor optical amplifiers, enabling loop losses to be compensated and expanding the comb across broad optical bandwidths. This approach reduces the requirement for external, high-power optical amplifiers, improving the compactness and power efficiency of the full system. The system was modelled to identify off-resonance behaviour, outlining limits in matching both the modulation frequency and seed laser frequency to the round-trip loop frequency for optimal comb line generation to be achieved. The experimental device occupied a fraction of the 6 x 2 mm2 InP chip and operated at round-trip loop frequencies of 6.71 GHz to produce 59 comb lines within a 20 dB power envelope. All comb lines exhibited strong phase coherence as characterised by low composite phase noise measurements of -105 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz. A second device is also presented with a shorter loop length operating at ∼10 GHz which generated 57 comb lines. Both loop configurations included short waveguide phase shifters providing a degree of tunability of the free spectral range with a tuning range of 150 MHz for small injection currents of < 2.5 mA.
Metasurface around the side surface of an optical fiber for light focusing
Authors: Lei Yu , Xiong Yifeng , Xu Fei , Chen Zhuo
Published: October 2022

Optical fibers integrated with metasurfaces have drawn tremendous interest in recent years due to the great potential for revolutionizing and functionalizing traditional optics. However, in most cases, metasurfaces have been placed on the fiber end-facet where the area is quite limited. Here, by dressing a series of identical dielectric rings around the side surface of the microfiber and adjusting their positions along the microfiber axis, we extracted guided waves into free-space radiation with continuously controllable phase shift and achieved circular-arc-shaped line focusing. We demonstrated that the off-fiber foci could be rotated around the fiber axis by tuning the polarization of the guided waves. In addition, we demonstrated that the shape of the focus could be further tuned by introducing symmetry breaking into the dielectric rings. Our study provides a new dimension for the design of optical fiber devices decorated with metasurfaces.
Low-profile and wide-band RCS-reduction antenna array based on the metasurface polarization converter
Authors: Tian Ying , Gao Huotao , Yao Wang , Wu Jiong , Guo Linyan
Published: October 2022

Antenna elements with a low profile and high front-to-back (FB) ratio mean that no additional reflective cavity is required when forming the array, which greatly helps to simplify and lighten the entire array system. In this paper, we enhance the FB ratio of the antenna to 35 dB while maintaining an ultra-low profile of 0.05 λ0 by attaching the broadband polarization conversion metasurfaces (PCMs) as the parasitic patches to the surface of the radiating patch. Meanwhile, the array formed by the proposed antenna is arranged in a checkerboard form, which makes it have a lower radar cross section (RCS) in the X- and Ku- bands. Even with PCMs loaded, the antenna element maintains a small size of 0.58 λ0 × 0.58 λ0, which ensures the proposed array can achieve the ± 45° beam scanning, making it suitable for the phased array. For verification, we propose a low-sidelobe array composed of the proposed antenna elements, which exhibits a low profile, high FB ratio, and broadband RCS reduction through simulation and measurement.
Absolute frequencies of H13C14N hydrogen cyanide transitions in the 1.5-µm region with the saturated spectroscopy and a sub-kHz scanning laser
Authors: Hrabina Jan , Hosek Martin , Rerucha Simon , Cizek Martin , Pilat Zdenek , Zucco Massimo , Lazar Josef , Cip Ondrej
Published: October 2022

The wide span and high density of lines in its rovibrational spectrum render hydrogen cyanide a useful spectroscopic media for referencing absolute frequencies of lasers in optical communication and dimensional metrology. We determined, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the molecular transitions’ center frequencies of the H13C14N isotope in the range from 1526 nm to 1566 nm with 1.3 × 10−10 fractional uncertainty. We investigated the molecular transitions with a highly coherent and widely tunable scanning laser that was precisely referenced to a hydrogen maser through an optical frequency comb. We demonstrated an approach to stabilize the operational conditions needed to maintain the constantly low pressure of the hydrogen cyanide to carry out the saturated spectroscopy with the third-harmonic synchronous demodulation. We demonstrated approximately a forty-fold improvement in the line centers’ resolution compared to the previous result.
Dependence of autofocusing ability of a ring Airyprime beams array on the number of beamlets
Authors: Zang Xiang , Dan Wensong , Wang Fei , Zhou Yimin , Cai Yangjian , Zhou Guoquan
Published: October 2022

A ring Airyprime beams (RAPB) array, which consists of N evenly displaced Airyprime beamlets in the initial plane, is first introduced, to the best of our knowledge, in this Letter. Here, we focus on the effect of the number of beamlets N on the autofocusing ability of the RAPB array. With the given beam parameters, an optimal number of beamlets, which is the minimum number of beamlets to realize the saturated autofocusing ability, is selected. The focal spot size of the RAPB array remains unchanged before the number of beamlets reaches the optimal number of beamlets. More importantly, the saturated autofocusing ability of the RAPB array is stronger than that of the corresponding circular Airyprime beam. The physical mechanism of the saturated autofocusing ability of the RAPB array is interpreted by simulating the Fresnel zone plate lens. The influence of the number of beamlets on the autofocusing ability of the ring Airy beams (RAB) array under the same beam parameters with the RAPB array is also presented for comparison. Our findings are beneficial for the design and application of the ring beams array.
Actively manipulating the photonic spin Hall effect by bias-assisted light-induced carrier injection
Authors: Cheng Jie , Xiang Yinjie , Li Ruizhao , Liu Shengli , Dong Peng
Published: October 2022

In this work, we present a simple and active mechanism for manipulating the photonic spin Hall effect (SHE) of an InP-based layered structure by taking advantage of the alterable refractive index of InP via bias-assisted carrier injection. The photonic SHE of transmitted light for both H- and V-polarized beams is quite sensitive to the intensity of the bias-assisted light. The spin shift can reach its giant value under the optimal intensity of bias light, which corresponds to the proper refractive index of InP induced by the photon-induced carrier injection. Except for the modulation of the bias light intensity, there is another method to manipulate the photonic SHE by adjusting the wavelength of bias light. We found that this method of tuning the bias light wavelength is more effective for H-polarized light than for the V-polarized light.
The sustainable transformation of the Colombian cattle sector: Assessing its circularity
Authors: Parodi Alejandro , Valencia-Salazar Sara , Loboguerrero Ana María , Martínez-Barón Deissy , Murgueitio Enrique , Vázquez-Rowe Ian
Published: October 2022

Circular food systems are increasingly acknowledged for their potential to contribute to the transition towards sustainable futures. In a circular food system, the use of finite and limited resources is minimized, and nutrients in residual streams and inedible biomass for humans are reused as inputs in the bioeconomy. Livestock has become relevant in this narrative for upcycling nutrients contained in food by-products and grass resources into nutritious food for humans without using human-edible resources. Evaluating on-going national sustainability initiatives in the livestock sector is key to determine if circularity elements are already represented and to identify new opportunities and pathways for the future. In this paper we synthetize the environmental actions promoted by different initiatives driving the sustainable transformation of Colombian cattle production systems and assess the inclusion of circularity elements in these actions. The proposed environmental actions were concentrated in the conservation of remaining natural ecosystems, zero-deforestation and the sustainable intensification of cattle production through silvopastoral and paddock rotational systems. Circularity was addressed by some initiatives via the use organic fertilizers and the use of manure as fertilizers or feedstock for bioenergy generation. However, given that cattle farming is often practiced in low-input systems where the collection of by-products for reutilization (e.g., manure) is not always feasible, these actions are expected to have limited impact in the sector. Silvopastoral systems can positively promote circularity by creating the conditions for internal nutrient recycling via litterfall, biological nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and presence of beneficial insects. However, to avoid food-feed competition and to remain circular, these should only be installed in agricultural areas unsuitable for crop production. In areas where crops can grow, other production systems that prioritize the production of plant biomass for human consumption (i.e., agrosilvopastoral systems, mixed crop-livestock systems or forms of crop intercropping) should be considered.
TIAM-1 differentially regulates dendritic and axonal microtubule organization in patterning neuronal development through its multiple domains
Authors: Lin Chih-Hsien , Chen Ying-Chun , Chan Shih-Peng , Ou Chan-Yen
Published: October 2022

Axon and dendrite development require the cooperation of actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Microtubules form a well-organized network to direct polarized trafficking and support neuronal processes formation with distinct actin structures. However, it is largely unknown how cytoskeleton regulators differentially regulate microtubule organization in axon and dendrite development. Here, we characterize the role of actin regulators in axon and dendrite development and show that the RacGEF TIAM-1 regulates dendritic patterns through its N-terminal domains and suppresses axon growth through its C-terminal domains. TIAM-1 maintains plus-end-out microtubule orientation in posterior dendrites and prevents the accumulation of microtubules in the axon. In somatodendritic regions, TIAM-1 interacts with UNC-119 and stabilizes the organization between actin filaments and microtubules. UNC-119 is required for TIAM-1 to control axon growth, and its expression levels determine axon length. Taken together, TIAM-1 regulates neuronal microtubule organization and patterns axon and dendrite development respectively through its different domains.
Elevated congenital heart disease birth prevalence rates found in Central Vietnam and dioxin TCDD residuals from the use of 2, 4, 5-T herbicides (Agent Orange) in the Da Nang region
Authors: Giang Hoang Thi Nam , Hai Tran Thanh , Nguyen Hoang , Vuong Thanh K. , Morton Lois Wright , Culbertson Casey B.
Published: October 2022

Congenital heart disease (CHD) birth prevalence rate in Da Nang City and two adjacent provinces in Central Vietnam reported by Giang et al. in 2019 was 20.09/1000 births, much higher than any CHD birth rates previously reported. In this current study, three physicians trained in pediatric cardiology reanalyzed and reclassified the Giang et al 2019 cardiac anomalies data, eliminating singular small PDAs and separating cardiac defects into 27 contemporary CHD subgroups. These CHD subgroups were then statistically compared with Liu et al. 2019 Global CHD birth prevalence study of Asian Low-Middle Income Countries (LMIC) CHD subgroup rate of 9.34/1000 births (95% CI 8.07–10.70). Despite applying newer diagnostic criteria and refining the cardiac anomalies data, the Da Nang region continued to show significantly (p<0.0001) elevated total CHD birth prevalence rates at 14.71/1000 births (95% CI 12.74–16.69) compared to the Asian LMIC CHD birth prevalence rate 9.34/1000 births. This finding raises the question of whether environmental persistence of the contaminant dioxin TCDD from 2,4,5-T herbicides (Agent Orange) used during the Vietnam War (1961–1971) in the Da Nang region might be a factor associated with elevated CHD birth prevalence, as it is not present in other LMIC surrounding Vietnam. We recommend testing of soils and sediments in rural and agricultural areas in Central Vietnam that received high volume applications of contaminated herbicides to assess the relationship of the higher CHD birth prevalence rate and the presence of residual dioxin TCDD. Enhanced fetal cardiac echocardiograpy in the region to screen for CHD would enable early interventions and could improve outcomes for infants and children.
HDAC6 inhibitor ACY-1083 shows lung epithelial protective features in COPD
Authors: Horndahl Jenny , Svärd Rebecka , Berntsson Pia , Wingren Cecilia , Li Jingjing , Abdillahi Suado M. , Ghosh Baishakhi , Capodanno Erin , Chan Justin , Ripa Lena , Åstrand Annika , Sidhaye Venkataramana K. , Collins Mia
Published: October 2022

Airway epithelial damage is a common feature in respiratory diseases such as COPD and has been suggested to drive inflammation and progression of disease. These features manifest as remodeling and destruction of lung epithelial characteristics including loss of small airways which contributes to chronic airway inflammation. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to play a role in epithelial function and dysregulation, such as in cilia disassembly, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and oxidative stress responses, and has been implicated in several diseases. We thus used ACY-1083, an inhibitor with high selectivity for HDAC6, and characterized its effects on epithelial function including epithelial disruption, cytokine production, remodeling, mucociliary clearance and cell characteristics. Primary lung epithelial air-liquid interface cultures from COPD patients were used and the impacts of TNF, TGF-β, cigarette smoke and bacterial challenges on epithelial function in the presence and absence of ACY-1083 were tested. Each challenge increased the permeability of the epithelial barrier whilst ACY-1083 blocked this effect and even decreased permeability in the absence of challenge. TNF was also shown to increase production of cytokines and mucins, with ACY-1083 reducing the effect. We observed that COPD-relevant stimulations created damage to the epithelium as seen on immunohistochemistry sections and that treatment with ACY-1083 maintained an intact cell layer and preserved mucociliary function. Interestingly, there was no direct effect on ciliary beat frequency or tight junction proteins indicating other mechanisms for the protected epithelium. In summary, ACY-1083 shows protection of the respiratory epithelium during COPD-relevant challenges which indicates a future potential to restore epithelial structure and function to halt disease progression in clinical practice.
Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid and direct screening of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in commercial fish products
Authors: Ali Ashraf , Kreitlow Antonia , Plötz Madeleine , Normanno Giovanni , Abdulmawjood Amir
Published: October 2022

Tuna is one of the most widely consumed fish on the European market, being available in various consumable options. Among them, Thunnus albacares, also called yellowfin tuna, is a delicacy and is consumed by millions of people around the world. Due to its comparatively high cost and demand, it is more vulnerable to fraud, where low-cost tuna or other fish varieties might be replaced for economic gain. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and validated for targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene for fast and direct detection of Thunnus albacares, which is a valuable tuna species. The analytical specificity was confirmed using 18 target samples (Thunnus albacares) and 18 samples of non-target fish species. The analytical sensitivity of the LAMP assay was 540 fg DNA per reaction. In addition, a simple and direct swab method without time-consuming nucleic acid extraction procedures and the necessity for cost-intensive laboratory equipment was performed that allowed LAMP detection of Thunnus albacares samples within 13 minutes. Due to its high specificity and sensitivity, the LAMP assay can be used as a rapid and on-site screening method for identifying Thunnus albacares, potentially providing a valuable monitoring tool for food authenticity control by the authorities.
Estimation of Japanese encephalitis virus infection prevalence in mosquitoes and bats through nationwide sentinel surveillance in Indonesia
Authors: Diptyanusa Ajib , Herini Elisabeth Siti , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Satoto Tri Baskoro Tunggul
Published: October 2022

Indonesia belongs to endemic areas of Japanese encephalitis (JE), yet data regarding the true risk of disease transmission are lacking. While many seroprevalence studies reported its classic enzootic transmission, data related to the role of bats in the transmission of JE virus are limited. This current study aimed to identify the potential role of bats in the local transmission of the JE virus to aid the ongoing active case surveillance in Indonesia, in order to estimate the transmission risk. Mosquitoes and bats were collected from 11 provinces in Indonesia. The detection of the JE virus used polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Maps were generated to analyze the JE virus distribution pattern. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify risk factors of JE virus transmission. JE virus was detected in 1.4% (7/483) of mosquito pools and in 2.0% (68/3,322) of bat samples. Mosquito species positive for JE virus wereCulex tritaeniorhynchusandCx.vishnui, whereas JE-positive bats belonged to the generaCynopterus,Eonycteris,Hipposideros,Kerivoula,Macroglossus,Pipistrellus,Rousettus,ScotophilusandThoopterus. JE-positive mosquitoes were collected at the same sites as the JE-positive bats. Collection site nearby human dwellings (AOR: 2.02;P =0.009) and relative humidity of >80% (AOR: 2.40;P =0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for JE virus transmission. The findings of the current study highlighted the likely ongoing risk of JE virus transmission in many provinces in Indonesia, and its potential implications on human health.
Myoglobin regulates fatty acid trafficking and lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Armbruster Julia , Aboouf Mostafa A. , Gassmann Max , Egert Angela , Schorle Hubert , Hornung Veit , Schmidt Tobias , Schmid-Burgk Jonathan L. , Kristiansen Glen , Bicker Anne , Hankeln Thomas , Zhu Hao , Gorr Thomas A.
Published: October 2022

Myoglobin (MB) is known to bind and deliver oxygen in striated muscles at high expression levels. MB is also expressed at much reduced levels in mammary epithelial cells, where the protein´s function is unclear. In this study, we aim to determine whether MB impacts fatty acid trafficking and facilitates aerobic fatty acid ß-oxidation in mammary epithelial cells. We utilized MB-wildtype versus MB-knockout mice and human breast cancer cells to examine the impact of MB and its oxygenation status on fatty acid metabolism in mouse milk and mammary epithelia. MB deficient cells were generated through CRISPR/Cas9 and TALEN approaches and exposed to various oxygen tensions. Fatty acid profiling of milk and cell extracts were performed along with cell labelling and immunocytochemistry. Our findings show that MB expression in mammary epithelial cells promoted fatty acid oxidation while reducing stearyl-CoA desaturase activity for lipogenesis. In cells and milk product, presence of oxygenated MB significantly elevated indices of limited fatty acid ß-oxidation, i.e., the organelle-bound removal of a C2 moiety from long-chain saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids, thus shifting the composition toward more saturated and shorter fatty acid species. Presence of the globin also increased cytoplasmic fatty acid solubility under normoxia and fatty acid deposition to lipid droplets under severe hypoxia. We conclude that MB can function in mammary epithelia as intracellular O2-dependent shuttle of oxidizable fatty acid substrates. MB’s impact on limited oxidation of fatty acids could generate inflammatory mediator lipokines, such as 7-hexadecenoate. Thus, the novel functions of MB in breast epithelia described herein range from controlling fatty acid turnover and homeostasis to influencing inflammatory signalling cascade. Future work is needed to analyse to what extent these novel roles of MB also apply to myocytic cell physiology and malignant cell behaviour, respectively.
Data driven identification of international cutting edge science and technologies using SpaCy
Authors: Hu Chunqi , Gong Huaping , He Yiqing
Published: October 2022

Difficulties in collecting, processing, and identifying massive data have slowed research on cutting-edge science and technology hotspots. Promoting these technologies will not be successful without an effective data-driven method to identify cutting-edge technologies. This paper proposes a data-driven model for identifying global cutting-edge science technologies based on SpaCy. In this model, we collected data released by 17 well-known American technology media websites from July 2019 to July 2020 using web crawling with Python. We combine graph-based neural network learning with active learning as the research method in this paper. Next, we introduced a ten-fold cross-check to train the model through machine learning with repeated experiments. The experimental results show that this model performed very well in entity recognition tasks with an F value of 98.11%. The model provides an information source for cutting-edge technology identification. It can promote innovations in cutting-edge technologies through its effective identification and tracking and explore more efficient scientific and technological research work modes.
Factors influencing implementation of health-promoting interventions at workplaces: Protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Lwin Kaung Suu , Bhandari Aliza K. C. , Nguyen Phuong The , Saito Junko , Yaguchi-Saito Akiko , Ota Erika , Shimazu Taichi
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Health-promoting interventions at workplaces can be effective in modifying lifestyle-related behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the interventions are not always successful in the real-world setting, and the evidence for effective strategies to implement the interventions has been limited. We propose a scoping review to identify the topics in need of study and areas for future research on barriers to and facilitators of the implementation of workplace health-promoting interventions.

Materials and methods

This scoping review will explore these issues from the perspective of supply-side stakeholders, who have a direct role in the implementation of these interventions. An electronic systematic search of MEDLINE (using PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus databases from 1986 to 2022, in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, will be performed. Supplementary hand searching will be undertaken with reference lists from included articles and consulting with relevant stakeholders. Two authors will be responsible for individually screening the corresponding articles by first reading the titles and abstracts and then the full texts to assess whether they meet the inclusion criteria. Data extraction will be conducted using standardized data collection forms, and data analysis will be aligned to the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR), a determinant framework of factors affecting implementation, using a directed content analysis approach.

Discussion

We will present the findings from this review at national and international conferences and submit them to a peer-reviewed journal for publication. Future workplace interventions will significantly benefit from this comprehensive scoping review to identify factors that enable improvement of the implementation, and the barriers to improvement, of evidence-based health-promoting interventions at workplaces.
SERINC5 restricts influenza virus infectivity
Authors: Zhao Fei , Xu Fengwen , Liu Xiaoman , Hu Yamei , Wei Liang , Fan Zhangling , Wang Liming , Huang Yu , Mei Shan , Guo Li , Yang Long , Cen Shan , Wang Jianwei , Liang Chen , Guo Fei
Published: October 2022

SERINC5 is a multi-span transmembrane protein that is incorporated into HIV-1 particles in producing cells and inhibits HIV-1 entry. Multiple retroviruses like HIV-1, equine infectious anemia virus and murine leukemia virus are subject to SERINC5 inhibition, while HIV-1 pseudotyped with envelope glycoproteins of vesicular stomatitis virus and Ebola virus are resistant to SERINC5. The antiviral spectrum and the underlying mechanisms of SERINC5 restriction are not completely understood. Here we show that SERINC5 inhibits influenza A virus infection by targeting virus-cell membrane fusion at an early step of infection. Further results show that different influenza hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes exhibit diverse sensitivities to SERINC5 restriction. Analysis of the amino acid sequences of influenza HA1 strains indicates that HA glycosylation sites correlate with the sensitivity of influenza HA to SERINC5, and the inhibitory effect of SERINC5 was lost when certain HA glycosylation sites were mutated. Our study not only expands the antiviral spectrum of SERINC5, but also reveals the role of viral envelope glycosylation in resisting SERINC5 restriction.
Vision Machines, Peggy Ahwesh, curated by Robert Leckie and Erika Balsom
Authors: Houlton Lauren
Published: October 2022

Vision Machines, Peggy Ahwesh, curated by Robert Leckie and Erika Balsom

Spike Island, Bristol, 25 September 2021–16 January 2022
Robusta coffee extracts inhibit quorum sensing activity in Chromobacterium violaceum and reduce biofilms against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Tritripmongkol Porwornwisit , Sangkanu Suthinee , Boripun Ratchadaporn , Jeenkeawpieam Juthatip , Chuprom Julalak , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Pereira Maria de Lourdes , Paul Alok K. , Mitsuwan Watcharapong
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim: Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus cause foodborne intoxication in humans and animals. Pathogens can produce biofilms controlled by the quorum sensing system. The study aimed to investigate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum sensing activities of Coffea canephora P. ex Fr. (Robusta coffee) extracts against B. cereus and S. aureus.

Materials and Methods: Ethanol extracts of fruit peels and seeds of Robusta coffee were tested for antibacterial activity against B. cereus and S. aureus using a broth microdilution assay. Reduction of the biofilm formation and elimination of the viability of mature biofilm-grown cells of B. cereus and S. aureus were determined. Inhibition of quorum sensing activity in Chromobacterium violaceum by the extracts was investigated using the disk diffusion method and flask incubation assay.

Results: Fresh fruit peel extract showed the strongest antibacterial activity against B. cereus and S. aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 2 and 4 mg/mL, respectively. However, the extracts did not inhibit Escherichia coli, avian pathogenic E. coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 8 mg/mL. Significant inhibition of biofilm formation at 1/2 × MIC of the fresh peel extract was detected in B. cereus (56.37%) and S. aureus (39.69 %), respectively. At 8 × MIC of the fresh peel extract, a significant elimination of the mature biofilm viability was detected in B. cereus (92.48%) and S. aureus (74.49%), respectively. The results showed that fresh and dried peel fruit extracts at 1/2 × MIC significantly reduced violacein production with the highest percentage inhibition ranging from 44.53 to 47.48% at 24 h (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest the potential therapeutic benefits of Robusta coffee extracts in inhibiting the growth, biofilm, and quorum sensing of both B. cereus and S. aureus. The results put forward an alternative strategy to control the foodborne intoxications caused by both pathogens.
결혼이주여성의 사회적 자본이 자녀의 학교적응에 미치는 영향 및 자아존중감의 매개효과 검증
Authors: Kim Ha-Young , Ah Ah-Young
Published: October 2022

This study was designed to examine the effects of trust, network, and participation, which are social capital of marriage immigrant women, on their children’s school adjustment and the mediating of marriage immigrant women’s self-esteem. To address the goal, marriage migrant women residing in Busan or Gyeongnam and having children in the elementary school level or higher were chosen through random sampling and snowball sampling, and data were collected through the self-administered questionnaire. data of 188 marriage migrant women were adopted for final analysis, and path analysis was utilized to verify the hypotheses. According to the main results of this study, when marriage migrant women’s sociodemographic variables were controlled, trust, one of the variables of their social capital, was found to influence children’s school adaptation directly, but it did not influence school adaptation with the mediation of self-esteem. Meanwhile, their network and participation, the other variables of their social capital, did not influence children’s school adaptation directly but did influence it indirectly with the mediation of their self-esteem. The findings of the present study suggest that to enhance the school adaptation of marriage migrant women’s children, we can use strategies to improve trust among the variables of social capital they are equipped with and also enhance children’s school adaptation by elevating self-esteem through their network and participation.
Research on A Novel Reliable MEMS Bistable Solid State Switch
Authors: He Bo , Lou Wenzhong , Feng Hengzhen , Zhao Yuecen
Published: October 2022

As a result of the unpredictable nature of extreme environments (including temperature, humidity, impact, and other factors), micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) solid-state fuze control modules have an urgent requirement for a MEMS solid-state switch (MEMS-S3). In particular, this switch must remain stable without any energy input after a state transition (i.e., it must be bistable). In this paper, a MEMS bistable solid-state switch (MEMS-bS3) is designed that is based on the concept of producing a micro-explosion. The reliable state switching of the MEMS-bS3 is studied via heat conduction theory and verified via both simulations and experimental methods. The experimental results show that these switches can produce micro-explosions driven by 33 V/47 μF pulse energy. However, the metal film bridge (MFB) structures used in this switch with smaller dimensions (80×20 μm2, 90×30 μm2, and 100×40 μm2) could not enable the switch to realize a reliable state transition, and the state transition rate was less than 40%. When the MFB dimensions reached 120×60 μm2 or 130×70 μm2, the state transition rate exceeded 80%, and the response time was on the μs-scale.
Syncope in a Patient With Giant Left Main Coronary Aneurysm: Is There a Link With Ventricular Arrhythmias?
Authors: Papadopoulos Kyriacos , Christophides Theodoros , Eftychiou Christos , Eteokleous Nicos , Mitsis Andreas , Zittis Ioannis , Avraamides Panayiotis
Published: October 2022

Giant aneurysm of the left main coronary artery is exceedingly rare and accounts for less than 2% of patients undergoing coronary angiography. The etiology varies depending on the patient's age and geographic area, but half are of atherosclerotic origin. In most cases, coronary aneurysms are asymptomatic, however, symptomatic patients present with symptoms characteristic of coronary artery disease such as chest pain (angina pectoris), myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and even sudden death. Coronary angiography is considered the gold standard tool to determine the presence or absence of coronary artery disease, and if present, its size and location. Herein, we report a case of giant aneurysm of the left main coronary artery presenting as syncope and documented nonsustained ventricular tachycardia.
Efectos de la pandemia COVID-19 en la actividad asistencial de los laboratorios clínicos españoles, evolución 2019–2021
Authors: Lasierra Monclús Ana Belén , González Álvaro , Bernabéu Andreu Francisco A. , Caballé Martín Imma , Buño Soto Antonio , Ibarz Mercè , González Rodríguez Concepción , Puzo Foncillas José
Published: October 2022

Objetivos

Cuantificar el impacto de la pandemia en la actividad asistencial de los laboratorios clínicos españoles.

Métodos

Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo y multicéntrico.

Resultados

De marzo a diciembre de 2020 hubo un descenso estadísticamente significativo en el número de solicitudes (−17.7%, p=<0,001) y análisis totales (−18,3%, p<0,001) respecto al mismo periodo de 2019. Se redujo el número de solicitudes de Atención Primaria en un 37,4% (p<0,001) y el número de mediciones de sangre oculta en heces (−45,8%), análisis cualitativo de orina (−30,1%), antígeno prostático específico (PSA) (−28,5%), tirotropina (TSH) (−27,8%), colesterol total (−27,2%) y hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) (−24,7%), p<0,001. Se observó un aumento significativo del número de solicitudes de UCI (76,6%, p<0,001) y del número de mediciones de IL-6 (+22,350,9), dímero-D (+617,2%), troponina (+46,8%) y gasometría arterial (+35,9%), p<0,001. Durante los seis primeros meses de 2021, existieron diferencias significativas para análisis cualitativo de orina (−8,7%, p<0,001), PSA (−6,3%, p=0,009), IL-6 (+66.269,2, p<0,001), dímero-D (+603,6%, p<0,001), troponina (+28,7%, p<0,001), gasometría arterial (+26,2%, p=0,014) y ferritina (+16,0%, p=0,002).

Conclusiones

Los laboratorios clínicos españoles han sufrido un cambio en el origen de sus solicitudes y en la demanda de pruebas. Se han incrementado aquellas utilizadas en la evaluación y seguimiento de los pacientes COVID-19, y han disminuido las dirigidas al control de los pacientes no-COVID y a cribados poblacionales. El análisis a más largo plazo refleja una recuperación en las pruebas dirigidas al control de las enfermedades crónicas y se mantiene el aumento del número de mediciones de los biomarcadores utilizados en el manejo de los pacientes COVID-19.
Hematology profile analysis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
Authors: Setio Felisia , Muhadi Darwati , Nurulita Asvin , Arif Mansyur , Djaharuddin Irawaty , Seweng Arifin
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Some hematological parameters were reported as markers to assess severity of COVID-19 patients. Comorbidities were risk factors for severe COVID-19. Differences in hematology profile based on severity and comorbidity, and correlation between hematology profile and Ct value were never studied at Makassar, Indonesia. The aim of this study were to know the differences of hematology profile based on severity and comorbidity, and the correlation between hematology profile and Ct value in COVID-19 patients.

Methods

This study was retrospective, cross-sectional of confirmed COVID-19 patients who had been hospitalized at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo hospital, Makassar, since June to August 2020. Hematology profile, Ct value, comorbidity, and severity of COVID-19 patients were obtained from Hospital Information System Data.

Results

From 217 patients, subjects were 102 (47%) male dan 115 (53%) female, 127 mild-moderate patients (58.5%) and 90 severe patients (41.5%), 143 patients (65%) without comorbidity, 74 patients (35%) with comorbidity. White blood cells (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil and monocyte count, and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in severe patients than mild-moderate patients (p<0.05), besides RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte and thrombocyte count were significantly lower in severe patients than mild-moderate patients (p<0.05). Hematology profile was not different significantly based on comorbidity and was not correlated significantly with Ct value, except eosinophil count (r=0.161; p=0.018).

Conclusions

We suggest that hematology profile could predict the severity of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, eosinophil count could be considered to predict the infectivity of patient with COVID-19.
Modeling and prediction of the third wave of COVID-19 spread in India
Authors: Bandekar Shraddha Ramdas , Das Tanuja , Srivastav Akhil Kumar , Yadav Anuradha , Kumar Anuj , Srivastava Prashant K , Ghosh Mini
Published: October 2022

In this work, we proposed a simple SEIHR compartmental model to study and analyse the third wave of COVID-19 in India. In addition to the other features of the disease, we also consider the reinfection of recovered individuals in the model. For the purpose of parameter estimation we separate the infective and deaths classes and plot them against the cumulative counts of infective and deaths from data, respectively. The estimated parameters from these two are used for prediction and further numerical simulations.We note that the infective will keep on growing and only slow down after around three months. We have studied impact of various parameters on our model and observe that the parameters associated with mask usage, screening and the care giving toCOVID-19 patients have significant impact on the prevalence and time taken to slow down the infection.We conclude that better use of mask, effective screening and timely care to infective will reduce infective and can help in disease control. Our numerical simulations can explicitly provide a short term prediction for such time line. Also we note that providing better care facilities will help reducing peak as well as the disease burden of predicted infected cases.
Extended logistic map for encryption of digital images
Authors: Stanley Hanis , Ramachandran Amutha
Published: October 2022

A novel extended logistic map has been proposed and tested mathematically for security-based applications. Because the designed extended logistic map behaves chaotically across a wide range of logistic control parameters, it is extremely difficult to predict using even the most exhaustive search methods. The map overcomes a significant drawback of simple logistic mapping, which is commonly used in encryption algorithms. The chaotic map designed was also used as a key to shuffle the pixel position of the image for the image shuffling algorithm developed. The algorithm developed produced excellent results and is adequate for providing an encrypted image in resource-constrained systems. Performance results show that this map is highly chaotic and provides high security when applied in image encryption systems.
Atypical familial diabetes associated with a novel NEUROD1 nonsense variant
Authors: Mührer Julia , Lang-Muritano Mariarosaria , Lehmann Roger , Blouin Jean-Louis , Schwitzgebel Valerie M.
Published: October 2022

Objectives

We aimed to identify the origin of atypical diabetes in a family with four generations of diabetes from South Asia. The family members showed different clinical phenotypes. Members of generation one to three were presumed to have type 2 diabetes and generation four to have type 1 diabetes.

Case presentation

We performed a genetic analysis of the family using targeted high throughput sequencing.

Conclusions

We identified a novel nonsense variant in the neurogenic differentiation 1 (NEUROD1) gene, co-segregating with diabetes. The variant was located in the DNA-binding domain, altering a protein residue that was very well conserved among different species.
Migration und Diaspora in der Orthodoxie
Authors: Burlăcioiu Ciprian
Published: October 2022

Die Orthodoxie in Deutschland kann im engsten Sinne des Wortes als eine Migrationskirche betrachtet werden. Die religiöse Identität ihrer Mitglieder und die institutionelle Identität der einzelnen orthodoxen Diözesen baut sich im Raum zwischen der hiesigen Gesellschaft und der alten „Heimat“ im Sinne einer „Diaspora“ auf. Dabei sind verschiedene Prozesse am Werk, die diese Identität verändern können, ohne dass sie dadurch in die Heterodoxie abdriftet. Der Beitrag reflektiert über einige Umstände, die dazu führen und versucht, diese Veränderungen mit dem Begriff der „Hybridität“ zu erklären.
Migration aus interkultureller Sicht
Authors: Fischer Moritz
Published: October 2022

Migration impliziert stets interkulturelle Erfahrungen: auf der Seite der Migrierenden und auf der Seite der Residenzgesellschaft. Auch die christliche Religion entstand aufgrund wechselseitiger migrantischer Erfahrungen. Hier wird in drei Schritten untersucht, was das für das zeitgenössische, von interkulturellen Dynamiken herausgeforderte Christentum in Deutschland bedeutet: 1. Migration ist, interkulturell-theologisch gesehen, der Normalfall – längerfristige Residenz eher die Ausnahme. 2. Vom Skandal der sich robust innerkulturell einigelnden Volkskirchen. 3. Ende des klassischen Christentums in Deutschland – oder interkultureller Aufbruch durch konfessionelle Grenzöffnungen?
Migration aus religionssoziologischer Sicht im Spiegel interreligiöser Gemeindeforschung
Authors: Körs Anna
Published: October 2022

Der Beitrag begründet eine empirische interreligiöse Gemeindeforschung als ein wichtiges Desiderat religionssoziologischer Forschung. Dazu wird gezeigt, dass interreligiöse Kontakte ein relevantes Phänomen in einer zunehmend migrationsgeprägten, religiös pluralen Gemeindelandschaft sind. Diese ergeben sich jedoch nicht automatisch, sondern werden von der Position im religiösen Feld sowie der Integration der Gemeinde in die Gesellschaft beeinflusst und sind zu entwickeln und zu gestalten, wozu es weiterer Kenntnisse bedarf.
Migration – Konfessionelle und interkulturelle Dynamiken
Authors: Pickel Gert
Published: October 2022

Migration beschäftigt Religionen schon länger. Bereits früh dienten religiöse Konflikte als Push-Faktoren oder religiöse Gemeinschaften als Pull-Faktoren für Migrationsbewegungen. Heute bringen Migrationsprozesse religiöse Pluralisierung nach Europa. Diese ist eine interreligiöse und interkulturelle Herausforderung für die Konfessionskunde und erfordert eine Erweiterung bisheriger interkonfessioneller und ökumenischer Perspektiven.