bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT CO-OPERATIVE BANK OF KENYA
Authors: Nderitu Miriam Wanjiru , Gakobo Dr. Thomas Waweru , Ochieng Prof. Isaac
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The general objective of the study was to examine the effect of human capital management on employee performance at Co-operative Bank of Kenya.  The study was guided by three specific objectives namely; to analyze the effect of employee skills, employee perception and employee engagement on employee performance at Co-operative Bank of Kenya.  The study was anchored on theories of human capital and resource based view.Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design. This enabled the use of multiple methods for data collection and data analysis and purposive stratified random sampling technique was used with a target population of 198 employees and a sample size of 132. Primary data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistics and presented using frequencies, percentages, tables and charts.Results: The study found out that human capital management has a strong influence on employee performance. The study therefore rejected the three null hypotheses and adopted the alternate hypothesis to indicate that there is statistical significance effect between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The findings revealed that employee skills have a statistical significant effect on employee performance. This was evident because the study found out that the bank develops its employees to take up more responsibilities and to improve on their performance.  The study also found out that the bank identifies the training needs of employees using a formal performance appraisal mechanism. The study also found out that employee perception also influence employee performance positively.  The study indicated that employees perceive that human capital management has a positive impact on skill development. The employees also perceive that they are recognized by the organization which has increased their self confidence ad as a result increased their performance. Employee engagement has also been proven to have a positive significant on employee performance. The employees feels that been engaged has increased their commitment. Engaging employees has helped the organization to achieve its objectives and goals. Contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that the organization should involve all the employees fully in decision making on decisions concerning development and conduct development on a yearly basis based on performance appraisal.
LEVEL OF ACCESS TO FINANCIAL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KENYA.
Authors: Njue Michael Njeru , Mbogo Marion
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to highlight the level of access to financial products and services for small and medium enterprises in KenyaMethodology:The research design was descriptive survey study. The target population was 46 commercial banks .The sampling frame was the list of commercial banks given at the Central bank of Kenya Website. A sample of 17 banks was selected using random sampling. The second stage of sampling involved the selection of the respondents using a stratified sampling approach. The strata were the various departments that interact with SMEs in a bank. The respondents were the head of departments of the respective departments that form the strata. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire that consisted of both open ended and close ended questions. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.Results: The study objectives were to establish the level of access to financial products and services offered by the banks to SMEs. Results from the bank manager’s perspective indicated that the level of access to finance was high, but the bank clients indicated otherwise, that it was low. The other objective of the study was to determine the factors that hinder the SMEs from accessing the financial products offered by banks. Results indicated that several factors influence access of SMEs to finance. These factors include gender, level of education, size of the business, age of the entrepreneur, collateral, and level of income for the entrepreneurs. All the factors had a negative effect on the access of finances from the banks by SMEs and hence indicate SMEs low access to financial products. Results also indicated that there are tools and systems put in place by banks to improve accessibility to financial products offered to small and medium enterprises.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy:The study recommended that training be emphasized to SME entrepreneurs on financial matters, all gender to be treated equally, the banks to introduce financial education programs for SMEs to improve their access to credit, banks to further make use of a credit scoring system to assess the credit worthiness of small businesses and to introduce the use of new credit bureau regulations to increase SME finances.
REGULATORY RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AND THE GROWTH OF MICROFINANCE SECTOR IN KENYA
Authors: Njuguna Dr. James Rurigi , Gakure Prof. Roselyn , Waititu Dr. Anthony Gichuhi , Katuse Dr. Paul
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine how the regulatory risk management strategies contribute to growth of MFI sector in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted a correlation survey research design. The population of this study was fifty seven (57) MFIs. The sampling frame was the list of MFIs provided in the AMFI website www.amfikenya.com. A sample of thirteen (17) MFIs was selected using the random sampling approach. A questionnaire and an interview schedule were the main data collection tools. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis whereas the quantitative data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) where descriptive and regression analysis were conducted to determine the relationship between enterprise risk management strategies and growth of MFIs.Findings: The study findings indicated that the MFI were compliant with all relevant regulations and that the regulatory environment provided an appropriate framework for the MFIs current and potential operations and legal status. The findings further indicated that the supervisory agency (CBK) provided adequate supervision of the MFI and the MFI has not in the past incurred heavy fines for violating regulations. Furthermore, the study findings indicated that the MFI has no cases pending in court over breach of contract. The regression results indicated that there was a positive effect on MFI growthUnique contribution to theory, practice and policy: it is recommended that the MFIs should continue practicing effective regulatory risk management practices such as development of appropriate regulatory framework for current and potential operations and legal status. This would significantly improve the growth of the MFI. The study also recommends that embracing supervision by the supervisory agency- CBK and honoring of contracts to avoid court cases and fines were good practices. It is recommended that compliance with all relevant regulations is crucial as it enhances the growth of MFIs. Study findings recommended that putting measures to prevent collection of illegal deposits and establishing a good working relationship with the regulatory authorities, will improve the growth of MFIs. The study recommends that encouraging open communication with regulators and provision of an opportunity to defuse any potential problems may be a crucial regulatory strategy as it improves the growth of MFIs
DETERMINANTS OF INTEREST RATE SPREAD AMONG COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA
Authors: Njoroge Leah , Dr.Chogii Dr.Chogii
Published: October 2020

Purpose: This study sought to find the determinant of interest rate spread among commercial banks in Kenya.Methodology: The study used a descriptive research design. The target population of this study included all the commercial banks in Kenya since the small number of population called for a census survey of all the banks. The study used secondary data which includes the governments’ publications, journals, banking survey reports, annual reports of the Commercial banks in Kenya and periodicals. Quantitative data was collected. Secondary data used to calculate interest rate spread was collected from the annual statements of the sampled commercial banks. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics included trend analysis, mean and standard deviation. The study used a pooled OLS regression model to analyze the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.Results: The regression results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between market structure and interest spread. This finding was supported by a regression coefficient of 0.200 (p value = 0.000). The reported p value was less than the critical p value of 0.05. The results also indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between credit risk and interest spread. This finding was supported by a regression coefficient of 0.096 (p value = 0.008). The reported p value was less than the critical p value of 0.05. This implies that an increase in credit risk by one unit would result to an increase in the interest spread by 0.096 units. Further, the results indicate that there is a positive but insignificant relationship between access to information and interest spread. The regression results also indicated that there is a negative and significant relationship between regulation and interest spread. This finding was supported by a regression coefficient of -1.309 (p value = 0.000). The reported p value was less than the critical p value of 0.05.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that commercial banks should be encouraged to use the information from the credit reference bureaus so as to maintain a lower interest spread among Commercial banks in Kenya. The study also recommended that the central  bank should licence more CRBs which would assist the commercial banks in lowering the credit risk. the study recommended that the central bank should review the monetary policy and lower the T- bill (91 days). This would help to lower the interest spread among Commercial banks in Kenya.
EVALUATION OF BANK PERFORMANCE MEASURES AND PROPOSES A COMMON MEASURE FOR COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY (EAC) COUNTRIES
Authors: Ketyenya Dr.  Rutto Peter
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to Evaluate bank performance measures and proposes a common measure for commercial banks in the East African Community (EAC) countries Methodology: The study used cross country data analysis of 100 commercial banks and collected secondary data from annual published audited financial statements for the period 1997-2011Results: The results indicate that the OPM which combines productivity and profitability captured a high percentage of similar banks when the top 20 commercial banks were ranked; 80% for return on assets, 60% for profit margin and 55% for net interest margin.Policy recommendation: The study recommended that OPM will enable central banks to assess the performance levels of banks and be able to detect those that are underperforming and take corrective measures to either improve productivity, profitability or both. For policy makers in the EAC secretariat, the measure will enable comparison on the performance of banks in East Africa for subsequent integration to the monetary union.
EFFECT OF CASH MANAGEMENT AUTOMATION ON FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN MERU COUNTY GOVERNMENT
Authors: Mugambi Bonface Mutuma , Gichohi Dr. Paul , Kambura Mrs Susan
Published: October 2020

Purpose The main purpose of the study was to find out if ICT adoption has a significant effect on financial management in the Meru County Government. Effective public financial management has attracted attention of many scholars in identifying the best practice and how to install fiscal disciplines. In search of good governance and sound financial management, the World Bank has been at the forefront in championing this aspect. Lack of effective financial management practices hinders effective service delivery.  Methodology: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) theory is one of the models used to explain how technology is accepted by users. Descriptive survey research design study was used. The population for this study composed of the Meru county government staff. The sample size was 70 respondents in total, a questionnaire was used as the research tool whose validity and reliability was measured accordingly. Mean and regression analysis was computed when analyzing data.Results: The findings established that Cash management automation enables county leadership to understand the true cost of service delivered by the county per activity; that Through Cash management automation, the county finance department is able to reconcile transactions data in real-timeOn Cash management automation the study concludes that successful cash management automation in any institution is essential due to difficulties that come with accessing credits whenever an organization is facing liquidity several constraints.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: From the findings on cash management automation the study recommends that automation systems should be fully implemented as it increases cash management. For Meru county Government to realize growth, investment in technology should be made in order to enhance service delivery and transparency in cash management.
COST AND ACCESSIBILITY RELATED FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION OF AREAS OF RESIDENCE IN KENYA: A SURVEY OF NAIROBI RESIDENTS
Authors: Kahura Grace W. Njoroge , Kamaria Prof. Joe K.
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose the study was to investigate the cost and accessibility related factors influencing the selection of areas of residence in Kenya in the case of Nairobi residents.Methodology: The researcher used descriptive research design. The scope of the study was limited to Nairobi County. The study identified a population of 985,016 households in Nairobi County out of which a sample of 150 respondents were used. Random sampling technique was used to select the respondents from each category. The study used primary data that was collected using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The data was then analysed in terms of descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages.Results: The results indicated that majority of the respondents found economic and accessibility factors as being important while choosing their places of residence.  The results indicated that the most important economic factor is income, followed by transfer costs, cost of living, price, and transport costs. Ease of qualifying for a mortgage, availability of mortgage, ease of qualifying for a mortgage, maintenance costs were least ranked.  The study also found that the most important accessibility factor was road network, followed by water, nearness to workplace, parking space, health centers, internal space, and electricity, and transport costs. The least ranked factors were drainage, parks and open spaces, availability of garden, and floor plans.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that cost related factors such as cost of living among others should be given a priority when making a decision on where to reside since such economic related factors touch on one’s disposable amount. It is also recommended that it would be significant for landlords to put into consideration such economic factors before concluding on either the rent prize or the prize of a piece of land since their potential tenants’ or buyers’ decision is most likely to be influenced by such factors. It is also recommended that landlords should put into consideration accessibility factors before building rental houses. Such factors as road network are very important and will obviously influence the tenants’ decision on residing in a certain area.
EFFECT OF STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT ON THE GROWTH OF CORPORATE BOND MARKET IN KENYA
Authors: Wanyama Dr. David W.
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how stock market development influences the growth of corporate bond market in Kenya.Methodology: The study used descriptive and causal research designs.  Secondary data was used. The sample of the study consisted of daily and monthly time series covering six years beginning January 2009 to December 2014. Unit root tests using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron tests were done. The study used Eviews econometric software to facilitate empirical analysis of data.Results: Regression of coefficients results shows that Stock market size and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.029, p=0.002), stock market liquidity and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=8.291, p=0.0008), Stock Market Concentration and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.014, p=0.017). Regression of coefficients results shows that Stock Market Volatility and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.000023, p=0.0001).Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study recommends study recommends for Policy makers to come up with measures to enhance the liquidity of the stock market which will in turn encourage investment in corporate bonds. The study recommends that concerted efforts should be made to improve market concentration in the corporate bonds market so that it can operate optimally. Policy makers should be aware of and monitor the level of stock market volatility that is appropriate for promoting the growth of the corporate bond markets and indeed other financial markets. Policy makers in Kenya should find ways and means of increasing the size of the stock market to reap the aforementioned benefits.
EFFECT OF STOCK MARKET CONCENTRATION ON THE GROWTH OF CORPORATE BOND MARKET IN KENYA
Authors: Wanyama Dr. David W.
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze how stock market concentration influences the growth of corporate bond market in Kenya.Methodology: The study used descriptive and causal research designs.  Secondary data was used. The sample of the study consisted of daily and monthly time series covering six years beginning January 2009 to December 2014. Unit root tests using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron tests were done. The study used Eviews econometric software to facilitate empirical analysis of data.Results: Regression of coefficients results shows that stock market concentration and corporate bonds are positively and significant related (r=0.014, p=0.017).Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that concerted efforts should be made to improve market concentration in the corporate bonds market so that it can operate optimally. The existing concentration affected the stock and corporate bond markets positively. However, policy makers should be careful not to allow a higher stock market concentration as this will adversely affect the financial markets (El-Wassal, 2013).
INFLUENCE OF MARKET RETURN ON THE PORTFOLIO RETURNS OF COMPANIES IN THE MIMS AT NSE
Authors: Otweyo Emmanuel , Onyango Prof. Silas
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of market return on the Portfolio returns of companies in the MIMS at NSEMethodology: The study adopted descriptive survey. The study population study was composed of the forty seven firms within Main Investment Market Segment (MIMS), which form the four sectors of Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). A census was carried out and so the research covered 45 companies, listed in the MIMS of NSE for the period 1st January 2009 to 31st December 2013. The study used the panel data analysis where pooled OLS model was used and diagnostic tests carried out. Since the tests failed to meet the assumptions of OLS, the fixed and random effects models were used.Results: The study findings revealed that portfolio return and market return were positively (r= 0.565) and significantly (p-value<0.000) correlated and further the random effects panel regression results indicated a positive (β=3.38) and significantly (p-value<0.05) related to market return and portfolio return.Policy recommendation: The study recommended that the investors who would want to maximize the returns from their portfolios should invest when the market return is favorable. This would ensure that they derive maximum returns from their investments
RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA
Authors: Kiarie Dr.David , Ngugi Dr. Patrick , Ogollah Dr. Kennedy
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine risk management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature. The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis. In trying to explain the relationship between different variables in the study, Odd ratio regression was adopted as an appropriate method of analyzing the relationship between multiple variables requiring simultaneous comparison.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.Further, most of the companies had risk analysis and evaluation management strategy in place. The study also concluded that the odds of observing better lead time and odds of improved quality were higher for those companies that conducted whole life costing of suppliers (p value- 0.023) and internal controls of suppliers (p value- 0.049)Policy recommendation: the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
MANAGERIAL CHALLENGES IN USING LEAN TECHNIQUES IN DESIGNING A COMPREHENSIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF ORGANIZATION LOGISTICS AND PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS
Authors: Kemokai Michael Boima
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the managerial challenges in using lean techniques in designing a comprehensive characterization of the organization logistics and physical distribution system. The study further sought to determine the extent to which these challenges impact the logistics and physical distribution of goods and informed managerial practices.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03)  Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: The results revealed that DFS did face various challenges in the implementation of lean strategies and that the operational difficulties experienced within its operations across field missions resulted in reduced customer satisfaction, increased supplier lead time and increased operational costs. The respondents indicated that they experienced a lack of understanding of the complexity of supply chain at the senior leadership level whereby most initiatives are tainted with personal agenda as a consequent the biggest hurdle to overcome is gaining enthusiasm and trust of the staff. They also indicated that there is a high risk of asset waste and loss due to assets remaining in stock for over one year without use. Further, they indicated that there are weaknesses in the management of construction or “self-constructed” projects; and weaknesses in the restructuring of the department of peacekeeping operations.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that     DFS should foster a continuous performance improvement mindset among staffs through planning, doing, checking and taking corrective actions on a balanced scorecard that integrates and aligns staff motivation and interest to the objectives of the organization. Also, objective and fair work plan and performance management are an ingredient to foster continuous improvement
PROCUREMENT PROCESS AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (MONUSCO) ENTEBBE SUPPORT BASE
Authors: Marius Gatta Ouyabaka
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between procurement process and service delivery in MONUSCO Entebbe Support BaseMethodology: The study employed a descriptive case study design. The target population comprised of 261 employees of MONUSCO Entebbe Support Base holding international, United Nations Volunteers (UNV) and National contracts. Random and purposive sampling techniques were specifically used to select samples for this study. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides. The quantitative data collected was further analysed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics while the qualitative data was analysed using content analysis.Findings: The study findings showed that procurement process contributed to effective and efficient service delivery in MONUSCO. However, the found relationship between procurement process and service delivery to be very weak. It was found that contracts were awarded to suppliers who met products/materials technical specifications which ensured clear meeting of product standards and service delivery in all MONUSCO user departments. Contracts were awarded to vendors who offer lower price which implied that the bidder with the lowest price is always considered for contract award in MONUSCO ESB. The study found that some vendors did not meet all the terms of contracts as agreed at the time of contract award at the MONUSCO ESB and that to some extent the organization had not taken full appropriate correction measures against non performing vendors. This has to some extent affected the service delivery levels of MONUSCO Entebbe Support Base. It was also found that to a larger extent most vendors had a delivery schedule as per the user department requirements. This meant that the vendors draw and share the supply delivery schedule with the user departments in MONUSCO ESB.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that the management needs to ensure that the procurement activities are accomplished in line with the outcome measures. MONUSCO Entebbe Support Base should focus on implementing strict procurement practices that must be followed with contract value thresholds dictating the procurement practices to be adopted by all MONUSCO sections.
STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT AND NATURE OF PROCUREMENT PROCESS IN THE UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO (MONUSCO) ENTEBBE SUPPORT BASE
Authors: Marius Gatta Ouyabaka
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the nature of procurement process followed by MONUSCO and the involvement of stakeholders in this process.Methodology: The study employed a descriptive case study design. The target population comprised of 261 employees of MONUSCO Entebbe Support Base holding international, United Nations Volunteers (UNV) and National contracts. Random and purposive sampling techniques were specifically used to select samples for this study. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides. The quantitative data collected was further analysed using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics while the qualitative data was analysed using content analysis.Findings: The study findings showed that there is procurement planning in most MONUSCO sections; that funds are available before planning; that staff are involved in procurement planning in their respective sections; and that procurement planning contributes to achieve the maximum value for expenditures on goods/services and works to be delivered at MONUSCO sections. The study found that procurement planning had led to improved levels of MONUSCO operations in the areas of humanitarian relief, peacekeeping, development assistance to affected communities. The study further found that staff are involved in the identification and definition of the needs of user sections and that the Statement of Requirements (SOR)/or Scope of Work (SOW) was important in their respective sections. These had aided in full scale involvement of relevant stakeholders in the procurement planning activities of MONUSCO ESB.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends a clear determination of specifications in terms of required quality and quantities by the end-user departments in MONUSCO ESB. Planning and determination of needs should be done early to allow enough time to initiate the procurement process. The study further recommends that the procurement department should always engage all concerned stakeholders in determining the materials and service specification for quality assurance during service delivery. This will enable the sections to always get the quantity of items as requested by end-users, in their right quantity, right quality and at the right time.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISKS MONITORING & CONTROL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA
Authors: Kiarie Dr.David Mburu
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risks monitoring and control management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in Kenya.Methodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.Further, most of the companies had risk analysis and evaluation management strategy in place.Policy recommendation:the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance.
AN ANALYSIS OF LOGICAL CONSISTENCY IN THE APPLICATION OF LEAN TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE BUSINESS PROCESSES AND SERVICE DELIVERY: A CASE OF DEPARTMENT OF FIELD SUPPORT (DFS), UNITED NATIONS
Authors: Kemokai Michael Boima
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the logical consistency in the application of lean techniques to improve the DFS business processes and service delivery and to create logistical pinch-points that improved the logistics and physical distribution of goods from the GSC and RSC to Field Missions.Methodology: The study employed a qualitative research design. The study targeted all the senior managers at Director Levels at the GSC and the RSC and all the senior operational staff from supply chain and service delivery pillars in three (03) large Field Missions. These field missions are namely United Nations Stabilization Mission in Congo (MONUSCO); United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS); and the United Nations Support Office for AMISOM (UNSOA). This study used purposive sampling technique. The researcher purposively sampled fifteen (15) personnel; with three (03) participants each from the GSC, RSC, and three (03) participants each from the three (03) Field Mission. Primary data was obtained from the original sources using questionnaires and interview.Findings: The respondents indicated that the logical consistencies observed needed an understanding, through measurement, a reordering model that included lead time, reorder point, and safety stock.  The respondents also indicated that the consistencies observed mainly relates to the overall approach of being more customer oriented while trying to optimize business processes and workflows. However, the respondents indicated that there were limitations in how the various organizations diversely applied lean concepts. There was no clear guidance provided on areas requiring higher prioritization; consistency throughout the departments, divisions and, missions when changes are applied (i.e. in structures, and functional organizational units). Additionally, lean analyzes were conducted mainly by internal resources that may not have been completely objective on areas being investigated, therefore bringing bias and subjectivity. Internal resources using lean techniques may not have been complete. Finally, the respondents indicated that there is no clear guidance yet. Policies and training have to be provided to staff prior implementing lean techniques.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that there is need to establish formal strategic plans to direct and align the work of the organization and supported by objectives and data-driven performance monitoring, analysis, and reporting. The study also recommends that there is a need for more efficient monitoring and evaluation of all GA resolutions and audit recommendations. The organization needs to monitor the manner of compliance with the provisions of the memorandums of understanding.
LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT FROM FIRMS’ PERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Bagshaw Karibo Benaiah
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The study was carried out to throw light on how effective logistics management has on on-time delivery and sales growth. Efficient and effective logistics management is viewed and regarded as competitive tool used as a means of increasing performance. This study empirically looked at the relationship between logistics management and performance of 122 selected firms across Rivers State, Nigeria. It focused on logistics management (using the dimension of transportation and physical distribution) on on-time delivery and sales growth.Methodology:  The research framework was examined by empirical analysis of primary data collected through the use of questionnaire; hence the study adopted the research survey method.Results: The outcome of the analysis revealed that effective transportation and distribution influences on-time delivery and sales growth respectively.Contributions: Therefore, organizations should establish and maintain standard and vanilla logistics management system, so that the right amount of stock is held and economic order quantity is achieved through proper physical distribution of the product to achieve higher performance. Also, to attain reasonable on time delivery firms in general and managers in particular should be properly equipped with the newest technology in transportation.
INFLUENCE OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT ON PERFORMANCE OF THE PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA
Authors: Kithae Samuel , Achuora Dr. John
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The goal of the study was to examine the influence of inventory management on performance of private commercial banks in Kenya, with an aim of making recommendations on proper use of inventory management practices.Methodology: This research study adopted a descriptive research design approach. The researcher preferred this method because it allowed an in-depth study of the subject. The target population was all the 220 procurement officers in the private commercial banks in Kenya. From the three strata, a sample of 142 respondents was selected using simple random sampling. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. The data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics. Multiple regression model was used to show the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables.Results: In regard to information technology, the regression coefficients of the study show that it has a significant influence of 0.752 on performance of private commercial banks. Second in regard to warehouse management system, the regression coefficients of the study show that it has a significant influence of 0.156 on performance of private commercial banks.With regard to the third objective, the regression coefficients of the study show inventory cycle counting has a significant influence of 0.06 on performance of private commercial banks. Lastly, in regard to the fourth objective, the regression coefficients of the study show warehousing management system  has a significant influence of 0.02 on performance of private commercial banks.Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that information technology, inventory control techniques, inventory cycle counting and warehousing management system have a positive relationship with performance in private commercial banks.Policy recommendation: the study recommended that private institutions should embrace inventory management practices so as to improve their performance and further researches should to be carried out in other private institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained.
ROLE OF SUPPLY CHAIN KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA
Authors: Kariuki Maina Samuel , Iravo Prof. Mike Amuhaya , Shale Dr. Noor Ismail
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of supply chain knowledge transfer on the performance of state corporations in Kenya. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey and descriptive research design was used in this study. Cross- sectional survey is a method that involves the analysis of data collected from a population, or a representative subset, at one specific point in time.Results: The results showed that supply chain knowledge transfer plays a significant role on the performance of state corporations by both reducing defects in products and services as produced and delivered and also making the business processes more efficient. Conclusion: The study concluded that supply knowledge transfer has a positive and significant relationship with performance of state corporations.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that all state corporations should identify their unique knowledge stocks and protect them as intellectual property to become both competitive and sustainable.
INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON PERFORMANCE OF PROCUREMENT AMONG PARASTATALS IN KENYA
Authors: Wawuda Jennifer , Mwangangi Dr, Patrick
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of ICT on performance of procurement with an aim of making recommendations on proper use of ICT.Methodology: This study adopted a descriptive research design approach targeting heads of procurement and ICT at the 187 parastatals. The study preferred this method because it allowed an in-depth study of the subject. To gather data, structured questionnaire will be used to collect data from a sample of one hundred and thirty (130) respondents, who were selected using simple random sampling, from the four strata. Once collected, data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The qualitative data generated was analyzed by use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.Results: The findings of the study indicated that inventory management systems, electronic vendor evaluation, electronic payments and electronic sourcing have a positive relationship with procurement performance among parastatals in Kenya.Conclusion: Based on the study findings, the study concludes that performance of procurement among parastatals can be improved by inventory management systems, electronic vendor evaluation, electronic payments and electronic sourcing.Policy recommendation: The study recommended that public institutions should embrace information communication technology so as to improve performance and further researches should to be carried out in other public institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained.
DETERMINANTS OF PROCUREMENT OPTIMISATION IN SELECTED COUNTY GOVERNMENTS IN KENYA.
Authors: Kinuthia Clare Wanjiku , Kihara DR. Allan
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The study was to determine the factors affecting procurement optimization in selected county governments in Kenya with an aim of making recommendations. The study sought to establish the effect of vendor management, risk management, information technology adoption and value for money effect on procurement optimization. To achieve this, the researcher reviewed both theoretical and empirical literature and proposed the research methodology that addressed the gaps identified in literature as well as answer the stipulated research questions. The study employed a descriptive research design.Methodology: The study targeted 136 respondents including the Chief Finance Officers in charge of Finance and Economic Planning, Heads of the Supply Chain Management Unit and Procurement staff at the departmental level. The researcher prefers this method because it allows an in-depth study of the subject. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. The target population was the procurement staff at each county government. Pilot study was carried out to establish the validity and reliability of the research instruments. The instruments were designed appropriately according to the study objectives. The data collected were analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The study used multiple regression and correlation analysis to show the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variables. The data generated were keyed in and analyzed by use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) to generate information which was presented using charts, frequencies and percentages.Results: The study found that vendor managed inventory systems, material resource planning and bar coding of items were deduced to play a significant influence in cost reduction, in lead time reduction and in increasing customer satisfaction. The study concluded that information technology adoption greatest effect on procurement optimization in selected county governments in Kenya followed by vendor management then value for money while risk management had the least effect on the procurement optimization in selected county governments in Kenya in Kenya.Contribution to policy and practice: The study recommended for the county governments to ensure that there is use inventory management system and automated recording, cycle counting Inventory control; use of E.O.G and that it’s important for the county governments to Identify and deal with risks proactively.
INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABILITY ON PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIES IN THE OIL INDUSTRY IN KENYA.
Authors: Ngugi Christine Afandi , Kihara DR. Allan
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of supply chain sustainability on performance of companies in the oil industry in Kenya with an aim of making recommendations on proper use of supply chain sustainability strategies. The study aimed at establishing how reverse logistics management, information technology adoption, early vendor involvement and green procurement adoption influences performance of companies in the oil industry. To achieve this, the study reviewed both theoretical and empirical literature and proposed the research methodology that addressed the gaps identified in literature as well as answer the stipulated research questions.Methodology: This research study adopted a descriptive research design approach targeting procurement staff at the 53 oil companies. This method is preferred because it allows an in-depth study of the subject. To gather data, structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 159 procurement officers, who were selected using simple random sampling, from the three strata. Once collected, data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative data was analysed using multiple regression analysis. The qualitative data generated was analysed by use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.Results: The response rate of the study was 75%. The findings of the study indicated that reverse logistics management, information technology adoption, early vendor involvement and green procurement adoption have a positive relationship with performance in companies in the oil industry.Contributions to policy and practice: The study recommended that companies in the oil industry should embrace supply chain sustainability so as to improve performance and further researches should to be carried out in other institutions to find out if the same results can be obtained.
FACTORS AFFECTING IMPLEMENTATION OF PREFERENCE AND RESERVATION DIRECTIVE ON GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN KENYA: A CASE OF THE CENTRAL BANK OF KENYA
Authors: Arunga Audrey Christine Awuor , Paul Dr. Samson Nyang’au
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine factors affecting implementation of preference and reservation directive on government procurement opportunities in Kenya: A case of the central bank of Kenya.Methodology: The investigation utilized stratified arbitrary inspecting, the adolescent, ladies and people with handicaps being the strata of particular elements prequalified with the Central Bank of Kenya in its mind office in Nairobi and the three branches (Mombasa, Kisumu and Eldoret). From that point straightforward arbitrary testing was utilized to choose 310 respondents from the strata whom were issued with surveys. Information was gathered utilizing self-regulated polls. The information gathered was broke down by utilization of illustrative and inferential measurements. Numerous relapse models were utilized to demonstrate the connection between the reliant variable and the free factors.Results: R square value of 0.768 means that 76.8% of the corresponding variation in implementation of the 30% preference and reservation directive on government procurement in Kenya can be explained or predicted by (regulatory framework and requirements, procurement opportunity awareness and sensitization, capacity of disadvantaged groups, ethical and compliance issues) which indicated that the model fitted the studyConclusion: The discoveries of the study demonstrated that administrative system and prerequisites, obtainment opportunity mindfulness and sharpening, limit of distraught gatherings, moral and consistence issues have a positive association with execution of the 30% inclination and reservation order on government acquirement openings in Kenya.Contribution to Policy and Practice: Open organizations should grasp administrative structure and prerequisites, acquisition opportunity mindfulness and refinement, limit of impeded gatherings, moral and consistence issues in order to improve usage of the 30% inclination and reservation.