bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Penyewaan Skuter Online Berbasis Mobile Menggunakan Metode Extreme Programming (Studi kasus: Skuterin Purwakarta)
Authors: Nurachman Muhamad Luthfi Aulia , Tamyiz Uus Muhammad Husni , Minarto Minarto
Published: February 2025

Saat ini, teknologi perangkat mobile telah menjadi kebutuhan utama manusia dan memudahkan berbagai pekerjaan di berbagai bidang melalui aplikasi mobile, termasuk sektor transportasi dan pariwisata, khususnya bisnis penyewaan skuter listrik. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Skuterin Purwakarta, sebuah perusahaan penyewaan skuter listrik yang masih menjalankan proses bisnis secara manual, seperti pemesanan melalui WhatsApp atau kunjungan langsung ke kantor, serta pencatatan yang dilakukan menggunakan buku. Proses ini dinilai kurang efektif dan tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan saat ini. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi penyewaan skuter berbasis Android yang memungkinkan pelanggan mengakses informasi skuter tanpa harus datang ke kantor, serta mempermudah pengelola dalam mendata skuter, pelanggan, dan transaksi penyewaan. Aplikasi ini akan dikembangkan menggunakan Android Studio dan database MySQL dengan metode extreme programming, dan seluruh proses dalam sistem akan berjalan secara online untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas operasional perusahaan.
Effectiveness of technology in midwifery education for enhancing knowledge and clinical skills
Authors: Ladjar Yohana Filiberta Lumu , Susanti Ari Indra
Published: February 2025

Multimedia has positively impacted knowledge transfer, emphasizing the importance of collaborative learning and interactive tools in improving educational outcomes. E-learning contributes significantly to knowledge transfer and skill enhancement among nurses and midwives. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of technology in midwifery education. This literature review uses a descriptive analysis approach. Article searches used keywords across three databases that met the inclusion criteria. As a result, 17 articles were selected as references for this study. The article specifically discusses the use of technology in education from three themes: knowledge enhancement, skill improvement, and clinical readiness of midwifery students. From the collected articles, six concluded that technology influences knowledge enhancement, ten agreed that technology can improve students' skills, and four believed that technology can increase students' clinical readiness. The study concludes that technology plays a vital role in equipping midwifery students with enhanced knowledge and skills and fostering their clinical practice readiness in maternal and child health care. AbstrakPemanfaatan multimedia menunjukkan dampak yang positif dalam transfer pengetahuan yang menekankan pentingnya pembelajaran kolaboratif dan alat interaktif dalam meningkatkan hasil pendidikan. E-learning memberikan kontribusi yang significan terhadap transfer pengetahuan dan peningkatan keterampilan diantara perawat dan bidan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan teknologi Pendidikan kebidanan. Literature review ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Pencarian artikel dengan kata kunci pada 3 database yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 17 artikel sebagai sumber rujukan dalam penelitian ini. Artikel ini membahas khusus tentang penggunaan teknologi dalam Pendidikan yang dilihat dari 3 tema yaitu peningkatan pengetahuan, peningkatan keterampilan dan kesiapan klinis mahasiswa kebidanan. Dari artikel yang dikumpulkan terdapat 6 artikel yang berkesimpulan bahwa teknologi mempengaruhi peningkatan pengetahuan, 10 artikel menyetujui bahwa teknologi dapat meningkatkan keterampilan peserta didik dan terdapat empat artikel yang meyakini bahwa teknologi dapat meningkatkan kesiapan klinis peserta didik. Simpulan penelitian ini teknologi berperan penting dalam mempersiapkan mahasiswa kebidanan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan, serta kesiapan praktik klinis dalam pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak.Kata Kunci: kemampuan; pengetahuan; pendidikan kebidanan; teknologi
Prinsip Kerja Sama dalam Kumpulan Cerita Pendek Teu Tulus Paéh Nundutan Karya Ki Umbara
Authors: Juliwandina Innasa
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan percakapan yang termasuk ke dalam prinsip kerja sama (kooperatif), maksim-maksim percakapan, dan tingkat kesesuaian maksim kerjasama yang ada  dalam kumpulan cerpen Teu Tulus Paeh Nundutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik menggumpulkan data dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dengan instrumen kartu data digital. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah percakapan-percakapan yang ada dalam kumpulan cerpen tersebut. Hasilnya: (1) ada 429 data percakapan yang termasuk ke dalam prinsip kerja sama (kooperatif); (2) maksim percakapan kerjasama didominasi oleh maksim kesesuaian atau relevansi; dan (3) data percakapan kebanyakan mematuhi prinsip kerjasama, karena percakapan atau informasi yang disampaikan oleh pembicara patuh terhadap salah satu maksim percakapan kerjasama, serta sesuai dengan permasalahan yang sedang diceritakan.
Workshop on Basil Extract Hand Wash [Workshop Sabun Cuci Tangan Ekstrak Kemangi]
Authors: Raafi'ah Nurul , Azizah Rahmah Salamah Nur , Wisman Restu Widyana
Published: February 2025

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mengatasi kurangnya ketersediaan sabun cuci tangan di lingkungan sekolah dengan memanfaatkan potensi alam, khususnya ekstrak kemangi serta memberikan pemahaman kepada peserta didik tentang pentingnya penggunaan sabun cuci tangan organik dan menumbuhkan jiwa kewirausahaan melalui kegiatan workshop. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan meliputi pelaksanaan kegiatan workshop dengan partisipan sebanyak 10 peserta didik sains klub di salah satu sekolah menengah pertama (SMP) di Jawa Barat. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner pra dan pasca workshop untuk menganalisis perubahan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kepuasan peserta didik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik menunjukkan ketertarikan dan keyakinan yang tinggi terhadap pembuatan sabun cuci tangan dari bahan alami. Evaluasi pasca workshop menunjukkan bahwa 90% peserta menilai kegiatan workshop ini efektif dan memberikan pengetahuan yang berguna. Diharapkan kegiatan workshop ini dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi peserta dan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya kebersihan dan kesehatan, serta memacu minat kewirausahaan di kalangan peserta didik.The goal of this community service activity is to address the shortage of hand-washing soap in schools by utilizing natural resources, particularly basil extract. Additionally, it aims to educate students about the importance of using organic hand-washing soap and to promote an entrepreneurial spirit through hands-on workshop activities. The community service approach involved conducting workshop activities with ten students from the science club at a junior high school (SMP) in West Java. Data were collected by having participants complete pre- and post-workshop questionnaires, which were used to analyze changes in student knowledge, skills, and satisfaction. The results indicated that students exhibited a high level of interest and confidence in making hand-washing soap from natural ingredients. The post-workshop evaluation revealed that 90% of participants found the workshop effective and believed it provided valuable knowledge. It is hoped that this workshop will positively impact both the participants and the community by raising awareness about the importance of cleanliness and health while also fostering entrepreneurial interest among students.
Training on Making Ecoprinting of Tote Bag to Teach Environmentally Friendly Lifestyle Gerustik (Plastic Waste Reduction Movement) [Pelatihan Pembuatan Ecoprinting Pada Tote Bag Untuk Mengajarkan Gaya Hidup Ramah Lingkungan Gerustik (Gerakan Pengurangan Sampah Plastik)]
Authors: Dewi Nurul Asrilia , Aprilia Ridha Ajeng
Published: February 2025

Pengabdian ini berupa pelatihan pembuatan ecoprinting pada tote bag yang bertujuan untuk membiasakan peserta didik dalam menerapkan gaya hidup ramah lingkungan GERUSTIK (Gerakan Pengurangan Sampah Plastik).  Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan di salah satu SMP Negeri Kota Bandung pada Semester Ganjil 2023/2024. Partisipan dalam pengabdian ini adalah peserta didik anggota Science Club semester ganjil yang berjumlah 11 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan pembuatan ecoprinting pada tote bag untuk mengajarkan gaya hidup ramah lingkungan GERUSTIK dapat melatihkan dan mengurangi penggunaan sampah plastik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari peserta didik.This community service involves training on eco-printing tote bags, aimed at encouraging students to adopt an environmentally friendly lifestyle as part of the GERUSTIK (Plastic Waste Reduction Movement). This community service activity was conducted at one of the Junior High Schools in Bandung City in the Odd Semester of 2023/2024. Eleven students from the Science Club participated in community service during the odd semester. The method used in this community service is descriptive qualitative. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The results of this community service activity demonstrate that training students in eco-printing tote bags can promote an environmentally friendly lifestyle and help reduce plastic waste in their daily lives.
A Step to be a Green School: As Addition Green Space to Support Sustainable Living [A Step to be a Green School: Sebagai Penambahan Ruang Terbuka Hijau guna Mendukung Hidup Berkelanjutan]
Authors: Nugraha Qatrunnada Widhia , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Riska Riska , Kadarohman Asep , Sriwulan Wiwin
Published: February 2025

A step to be  a green school ini bertujuan untuk membentuk kesadaran diri peserta didik dalam menjaga pelestarian lingkungan melalui kegiatan sosialisasi serta pembuatan taman sekolah. Tahapan kegiatan ini meliputi: 1) persiapan; 2) penyuluhan proyek dan pembuatan taman sekolah; dan 3) tindak lanjut. Subjek kegiatan ini sebanyak 27 peserta didik kelas VII di salah satu sekolah di Jawa Barat. Untuk mengetahui dampak kegiatan, digunakan angket sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan terkait kesadaran peserta didik terhadap lingkungan. Hasil pengolahan dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik merasakan keuntungan dengan adanya taman sekolah dan terjadi peningkatan rata-rata skor kesadaran lingkungan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan di semua aspek yang dievaluasi.This study aims to build students' self-awareness in preserving the environment through socialization activities and creating school gardens. This activity was conducted in several stages: 1) preparation; 2) project counseling and making school gardens; and 3) follow-up. After the implementation activities, the questionnaire results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The research subjects were 27 students from one of the schools in West Java. Data analysis revealed that students recognized a change in their environmental awareness before and after the implementation of the school garden. Students considered the benefits of the school garden, resulting in an increase in the average environmental awareness score across all evaluated aspects before and after the activity.
IMPLEMENTASI MODERASI BERAGAMA PADA MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTURAL DI MAN I JEMBRANA BALI
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi , Salwa Ahda Febzia , Safitri Nanda Amalia , Fakhizati Uzmatul , Noviana Dewi
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe existence of Islamic educational institutions in a predominantly Hindu society is both a challenge and an opportunity in implementing the values of religious moderation. The purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of religious moderation, especially in multicultural societies such as Bali through Islamic educational institutions. Through a qualitative approach, as well as descriptive analysis of MAN 1 Jembran as the research locus, the data collection technique uses open interviews, observation, and documentation. The data that has been collected is then analyzed through data presentation, development analysis (generalization), synthesis, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of religious moderation in MAN 1 Jembrana was carried out by understanding the context of religious moderation in a multicultural society, integrating religious moderation through the curriculum by emphasizing ukhwah wathoniyah and ukhwah basyariah, religious moderation became a shared spirit through school culture with the motto MANJADDAWAJADA which was manifested in various concrete actions such as the formation of GANTARA and various extracurricular activities. This research also confirms that Balinese Hindus as the majority are very tolerant of Muslims in Bali.Keywords: Religious Moderation, Multicultural, Educational Institutions, Islamic educational institutions, MAN 1 JembranaAbstrakKeberadaan lembaga pendidikan Islam di tengah masyarakat yang mayoritas beragama Hindu menjadi tantangan sekaligus peluang dalam menerapkan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi  implementasi moderasi beragama khususnya pada masyarakat multikultural seperti Bali melalui lembaga pendidikan Islam. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, serta analisis deskriptif terhadap MAN 1 Jembran sebagai lokus penelitian.Teknik pengumpulan data  menggunakan wawancara terbuka, observasi, dan dokumentasi Data-data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis yang dituangkan melalui penyajian data, analisis pengembangan (generalisasi), sintesis, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi moderasi beragama di MAN 1 Jembrana dilakukan dengan pemahaman konteks moderasi beragama di tengah masyarakat multikultural, integrasi moderasi beragama melalui kurikulum dengan menekankan ukhwah wathoniyah  dan ukhwah basyariah,  moderasi beragama menjadi spirit bersama melalui budaya sekolah dengan moto MANJADDAWAJADA yang diwujdukan dalam berbagai aksi nyata seperti pembentukan GANTARA dan berbagai kegiatan ekstrakulikuler. Penelitian ini sekaligus menegaskan bahwa masyarakat Bali yang beragama Hindu sebagai mayoritas sangat toleran terhadap pemeluk agama Islam di Bali. Kata kunci : Moderasi Beragama, Multikultural, Lembaga Pendidikan, Lembaga Pendidikan Islam, MAN 1 Jembrana
INTERNATIONAL REGULATION OF LEGAL AND ETHICAL ASPECTS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PIPCHENKO Nataliia , AKOPOV Artur ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The article examines the main international legal and ethical aspects of the regulation of artificial intelligence. Key issues related to legal uncertainty, ethical dilemmas and the need to protect human rights in the context of the rapid development of AI technologies are considered. The role of international organizations and countries, in particular the USA and Ukraine, in the formation of global standards and norms regarding AI is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the need to unify approaches to regulating AI and ensuring security at the international level.

The development of artificial intelligence has led to the emergence of new legal and ethical challenges that require the attention of the international community. The lack of generally accepted standards and regulatory mechanisms in AI creates risks for law enforcement, increases the likelihood of confrontations among states and may violate human rights. It has been established that ethical aspects, such as the transparency of algorithms, responsibility for decisions made by AI, and inequality in legal regulation, are critically important for ensuring the safety and ethics of the use of artificial intelligence systems; therefore, a promising task is the improvement of international legal norms that would regulate research questions.

The author’s generalizations regarding the creation of universal ethical principles, a global coordination centre, standards of responsibility, mechanisms for monitoring the observance of human rights, and ensuring transparency and accountability, can significantly contribute to forming an efficient legal framework for using AI. The joint efforts of the international community can ensure a balance between innovation and the protection of human rights, which will create an ethical and safe environment for the development of artificial intelligence technologies. Coordination of efforts will avoid legal disputes and contribute to the coherence of approaches to AI globally.
INFLATION AS A FACTOR OF US FOREIGN POLICY
Authors:   Cherkasy National University, Cherkasy, Ukraine, RATNIKOV Maxim
Published: February 2025

Background. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of inflation in world politics as an objective way of assessing the position of the hegemon by other participants in the international process. To do this, we will first organize the broad context of political reality on the basis of the theory of hegemonic stability, then briefly describe its white spots and ways to solve them, and then, based on the method from abstract to concrete, we will proceed to describe the problems of inflation for states that claim high status. Next, we will pay special attention to the analysis of the inflation factor for the American hegemon. For this, we will use materials of a social, historical and political and economic nature.

Methods. In the research process, analytical, sociological, abstract-to-concrete, comparative, systemic, functional and historical methods were used.

Results. The 2020 epidemic sharply intensified inflationary processes, as not all economies opened at the same time after quarantine, which complicated global supply chains, while the increase in debt levels to maximum values caused irreversible damage to future growth prospects. In essence, in modern conditions, inflation begins to work as a mechanism that allows arbitrarily and unfairly taking from some, while giving to others, which increases domestic political polarization. The emergence of revisionists like B. Sanders or D. Trump in the electoral field, who remove globalists from power through elections, can be seen as evidence confirming this theory.

Conclusions. As a conclusion, it is noted that inflation interferes with trust, and also destroys the society of the hegemonic country, which, therefore, incurs high costs in maintaining global stability. Inflation against the hegemon does not act directly, but contributes to an indirect limitation of opportunities. Although it is possible to live with high inflation for years - even decades - inflation can, however, lead to a highly unequal society that will begin to bring isolationist politicians to power, but in conditions of uncontrolled inflation, military budgets are reduced and make it difficult to fulfill political obligations to finance military activities, purchase new weapons and support military personnel.
THE IMPACT OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR ON GLOBAL LOGISTICS NETWORKS AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Authors:   Private higher educational institution "Kyiv University of Culture", Kyiv, Ukraine, MALIKA Anton
Published: February 2025

Background. The impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on global logistics networks and international economic relations is comprehensively analysed. The study focuses on the key economic consequences of the conflict, including disruptions in supply chains, changes in logistics routes, and the impact on energy markets, which has resulted in the need to diversify energy sources for Europe. Particular attention is paid to the international response to the conflict, including the imposition of sanctions against Russia and large-scale financial and military assistance to Ukraine.

Methods. The study used a comprehensive approach that includes an analysis of scientific literature, a review of international economic reports, and a comparative analysis of the impact of previous geopolitical conflicts on the global economy. The use of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods allowed us to identify patterns and features of the impact of military operations on global economic processes.

Results. The Russian-Ukrainian war has led to serious disruptions in global logistics networks, in particular due to the interruption of supply chains for critical goods and significant changes in the routes of transportation of products. The war has also caused significant disruptions in energy markets, which has resulted in a reduction in energy supplies from Russia and the need for Europe to urgently seek alternative energy sources. The sanctions imposed on Russia have had a significant negative impact on its economy, leading to its isolation on international markets. In response, the international community has mobilised significant resources to support Ukraine, which has become a key factor in maintaining its economic stability and military potential in the context of the conflict.

Conclusions. The Russian-Ukrainian war has become a catalyst for significant changes in international economic relations and global logistics networks. It has exposed weaknesses in the global economic system, forcing many countries to rethink their approaches to economic cooperation and security. The long-term consequences of the war may include further strengthening of regional economic blocs, the formation of new trade alliances and supply chains, and the development of more resilient and flexible economic systems at the global level.
GENETIC FEATURES OF SPONTANEOUS CORONARY ARTERY DISSECTION: POTENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC POSSIBILITIES
Authors: Tsybin Ilya A. , Khomutkov Alexey G. , Nasyrova Karina R. , Igbaeva Karina N. , Mullakhemetov Aidar G. , Pashaeva Sevda A. , Tagieva Sekinat R. , Dzyuban Anastasya A. , Shaikhutdinova Ilsiyar I. , Kostoeva Khyadi I. , Musaeva Alima R. , Gainetdinova Alina F. , Akhmetshin Ilshat A.
Published: February 2025

HighlightsSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SСAD) is recognized as an important cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially in young and middle-aged women. Polygenic assessment is currently limited due to the lack of diversity in most large-scale SСAD studies, which tend to have a significant bias towards patients of European origin or study exclusively individuals of European origin. Further studies involving larger and more diverse populations are needed to better understand the various vascular biological mechanisms underlying SСAD and CHD as two different causes of AMI.

AbstractSpontaneous coronary artery dissection (SСAD) is recognized as an important cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially in young and middle-aged women. Studies have revealed the complex genetic architecture underlying SСAD, with variants with different effect sizes playing a role. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current literature on the genetic and clinical factors of SСAD, highlighting those unique factors that distinguish SСAD from atherosclerotic lesions leading to AMI. The primary sources were searched in the electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary and Google Scholar. When identifying both rare and common genetic variations in patients with this pathology, a wide variety of potential genetic mechanisms associated with endothelial cells, extracellular matrix and blood coagulation cascade were revealed. A genetic study of DMCA has revealed important positive links between this disease and other systemic arteriopathies, as well as striking negative links with coronary heart disease and MI. The results have led to the emergence of a new clinical and genetic spectrum of AMI, which may be important for the treatment of AMI, especially in young female patients.
J-WAVES AND CARDIAC BIOMARKERS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-TERM CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES IN HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors: Gareeva Diana F. , Lakman Irina A. , Agapitov Alexander A. , Sadikova Liana F. , Timiryanova Venera M. , Zagidullin Naufal Sh.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

We propose serum biomarkers as risk assessment tools for patients with COVID-19.

J-waves are a common ECG finding, detected in 4–6% of the population, and are a risk factor for ventricular tachycardia and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

 

Aim. To evaluate the prognostic potential of a combination of cardiac-specific biomarkers and ECG J-waves regarding long-term mortality and cardiovascular complications after discharge in patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia.

Methods. Serum biomarkers sST2, VCAM-1 and hs-TnI were assessed at admission in 254 patients hospitalized with COVID-19-associated pneumonia. ECGs on admission were analyzed for the presence of J waves. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients, as well as biomarker concentrations and the presence of J-waves on the ECG, were correlated with mortality and cardiovascular complications after discharge at 12 months [FU: 347 (310, 449) days]. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify predictors of the risk of mortality and the composite endpoint up to one year after discharge.

Results. A high level of VCAM-1 was a significant predictor of the risk of a combined endpoint (MI, stroke, pulmonary embolism, sudden death): HR = 1.049, CI 95%: 1.016–1.083; and high sST2 level was a significant predictor of the risk of both death (HR = 1.006, CI 95%: 1.004–1.007) and the composite endpoint (HR = 1.005, CI 95%: 1.003–1.006). In the generalized multivariate model, when other influencing factors were combined, the presence of a J-wave on the ECG during hospitalization was statistically insignificant (p > 0.5) for predicting sudden death up to a year after discharge.

Conclusion. In hospitalized COVID-19 survivors, elevated hsTnI and sST2 levels on admission were strong predictors of CV events during long-term follow-up. On the other hand, the significance of the J-wave on the ECG in predicting long-term CV events remains borderline.
CURRENT CAPABILITIES AND PROSPECTS OF USING 3D MODELING TECHNOLOGIES IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE SURGERY
Authors: Manukian Sergei N. , Soynov Ilya A. , Khelimskii Dmitry A. , Voitov Alexey V. , Rzayeva Kseniya A. , Zhuravleva Irina Y. , Bogachev-Prokophiev Alexander V.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

3D modeling is a complex process that requires collaboration of specialists from various fields, such as radiologists, cardiologists, cardiac surgeons and engineers.

The use of 3D imaging systems is especially relevant in the field of congenital heart defects due to the diversity of anatomical variations.

To date, such systems are being actively introduced into the medical industry, in particular in the surgical treatment of congenital heart defects.

 

Abstract

Alongside traditional visualization methods, 3D modeling of the heart and blood vessels is an attractive tool that complements the assessment of congenital heart defect anatomy. With technological advancements, there is active integration of such systems into the medical industry. The use of 3D visualization systems is especially relevant in the field of congenital heart defects due to the diversity of anatomical variations. With advanced image post-processing technologies, it becomes possible to obtain realistic models and simulations of complex congenital heart defects in patients, which is crucial for both diagnosis and treatment planning. This review summarizes the current capabilities of 3D modeling in the field of congenital heart defect surgery, and describes the prospects of using such technologies in daily clinical practice.
LEFT CORONARY ARTERY STENTING AND TRANSAPICAL AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION IN PATIENT WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS WITH REDUCED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Kobzev Evgeny E. , Vorobieva Marina E. , Rosseikin Evgeny V.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Treatment of coronary lesion and severe aortic stenosis in patients with comorbidities remains a serious issue. Specialists are still debating the appropriate treatment strategy and number of stages of interventions. The uniqueness of the presented case lies in the fact that stenting and transcatheter implantation of the aortic valve were urgently performed in a patient with acute coronary syndrome and severe aortic stenosis. The presented case indicates it is preferable to perform a combined procedure.

 

Abstract

This paper presents a clinical case of successful treatment of a 72-year-old patient with left main disease and severe degenerative aortic valve stenosis with poor left ventricular ejection fraction. On the second day after admission to the hospital, the patient developed acute myocardial infarction. He underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention. However, hemodynamic instability and pulmonary edema persisted. Heart team performed emergency transcatheter transapical aortic valve implantation (MedLab-CT №27), which allowed specialists to stabilize the patient`s condition. The postoperative period proceeded without significant complications; the patient was discharged on the 12th day.
ALGORITHM FOR SELECTING PATIENTS FOR PULMONARY ARTERY ANGIOGRAPHY IN CASE OF SUSPECTED PULMONARY EMBOLISM
Authors: Semenyuta Vyacheslav V. , Kazakov Anton V. , Avdeev Eldar N. , Remnyakov Valentin V. , Kirshin Andrey A. , Musin Ramil R. , Anisimov Sergey V. , Osadchiy Andrey M.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

We have developed an algorithm for selecting patients for CT pulmonary angiography in case of suspected pulmonary embolism. The algorithm is based on the results of laboratory studies, duplex ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities and echocardiography. This algorithm makes it possible to reliably exclude pulmonary embolism in 21.2% of patients without performing CT pulmonary angiography.

 

Aim. To develop an algorithm for excluding pulmonary embolism and selecting patients for pulmonary angiography based on the results of laboratory and ultrasound studies.

Methods. The retrospective single-center study was conducted using the data of 113 patients admitted to the ICU with suspected pulmonary embolism. Patients underwent echocardiography and duplex ultrasound of the veins of both lower extremities, and computed tomography pulmonary angiography with contrast.

Results. We carried out comparative analysis of clinical and anamnestic data depending on the presence of pulmonary embolism. There were significant differences between the groups by gender (p = 0.008) and age (p = 0.042). The concentration of D-dimer in the group with pulmonary embolism was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the left ventricular ejection fraction was higher in the group with pulmonary embolism compared to controls (p < 0.001). According to ultrasound data, 59% of patients with pulmonary embolism showed signs of acute deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities, which was significantly more common compared to the control group (p < 0.001).

Pulmonary angiography should be recommended to patients with suspected pulmonary embolism and signs of prior or acute deep vein thrombosis. In the absence of these signs and a D-dimer concentration of less than 1 500 ng/mL, pulmonary embolism can be reliably excluded. In cases where the concentration of D-dimer is less than 10 000 ng/mL and pulmonary artery systolic pressure is no more than 30 mmHg, then pulmonary embolism can be excluded as well. In all other cases, we recommend to perform pulmonary angiography.

Conclusion. We have developed an algorithm for excluding pulmonary embolism and selecting patients for pulmonary angiography. The algorithm makes it possible to increase the specificity of the study from 45.1% to 57.3%. The algorithm is based on the concentration of D-dimer and the results of noninvasive ultrasound diagnostics. Ultrasound examination of the deep veins of the lower extremities and echocardiography allow differential diagnosis of cardiac pathology and other causes of symptoms. Moreover, these methods can become the basis for the selection of patients for pulmonary angiography.
ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSION OF VIRAL ANTIGENS AND CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL DATA IN ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE WITH ISCHEMIC AND NON-ISCHEMIC ETIOLOGY
Authors: Ryabov Vyacheslav V. , Kruchinkina Ekaterina V. , Vyshlov Evgeny V. , Stepanov Ivan V.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Patients with IHD and complete coronary revascularization in history suffering from ADCHF should consider EMB to clarify the etiology of decompensation.

According to the EMB results, concomitant myocarditis is diagnosed in the majority of patients with IHD and ADCHF.

The results of immunohistochemistry indicate that patients with IHD and ADCHF often have antigen expression toward cardiotropic viruses.

 

Abstract

Aim. To compare the clinical and morphological profile of patients with acute decompensated chronic heart failure (ADCHF) with ischemic and non-ischemic etiology with the following determination of the antigen expression toward cardiotropic viruses in myocardium.

Methods. The observational study included 56 patients with ADCHF and LV EF <40%, the patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) after complete coronary revascularization (n = 26) and patients without IHD (n = 30). All patients underwent standard clinical, instrumental and laboratory examinations (invasive coronary angiography and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) with morphological analysis and determination of the antigen expression toward cardiotropic viruses).

Results. Patients with ischemic ADCHF presented with fewer rates of shortness of breath during hospitalization compared with patients with non-ischemic ADCHF (12 vs 53%, p = 0.001), fewer rates of wheezing (54 vs 74%, p = 0.014), lower heart rhythm (76 vs 90, p = 0.047) and lower respiratory rate (18.5 vs 22, p = 0.031), lower N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels (403.1 vs 964.0 pg/mL, p = 0.019), and lower incidence of diffuse LV hypokinesis (58 vs 87%, p = 0.002), but ischemic ADCHF patients also presented with higher rates of edema of the lower extremities (46 vs 20%, p = 0.037) and atrioventricular blockade of varying degree (35 vs 7%, p<0.05). According to EMB data, concomitant myocarditis was diagnosed in 69% of patients with ischemic ADCHF and in 80% of patients with non-ischemic ADCHF. Patients in both groups were more likely to present with the expression of enterovirus antigens (77 and 80%), and less likely to present with the expression of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6, 50 and 53%) and Epstein-Barr virus antigens (EBV, 23 and 20%), respectively (there were no statistically significant differences).

Conclusions. Patients with ischemic ADCHF had less pronounced decompensation compared with patients with non-ischemic ADCHF. Patients with ischemic ADCHF have concomitant myocarditis in 69% of cases according to EMB. Enterovirus, HHV-6 and EBV antigens were the most commonly expressed antigens. Thus, the majority of patients with IHD and complete coronary revascularization in history had ADCHF due to a combination of IHD and viral myocarditis.
KEY TECHNICAL ASPECTS AND RESULTS OF RADICAL CORRECTION OF THE TETRALOGY OF FALLOT IN CHILDREN AFTER RIGHT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT STENTING: EMPHASIS ON THE PULMONARY ARTERY VALVE
Authors: Lyapin Anton A.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

The review describes the outcomes of right ventricular outflow tract stenting in children with the tetralogy of Fallot.

The features of stent explantation and further functioning of the pulmonary artery valve after surgery are analyzed.

 

Aim. To analyze the technical aspects related to the explantation of stents from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and repair of the pulmonary artery valve during radical correction (RC) of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and the results of subsequent surgical treatment of these patients.

Methods. The study included 25 children with a cyanotic TOF who received a two-stage correction of CHD (stage 1 – RVOT stenting, stage 2 – RC of TOF).

Results. Shortly after RVOT stenting, we noted positive changes in the condition of children. The median of arterial oxygen saturation rose from 80% to 95%, the gradient on RVOT decreased from 72 to 53 mmHg. After 3 months children underwent RC of TOF. Patients received palliative care in the form of RVOT stenting with a low complication rate, only 4% of patients had a fatal outcome. During RC of TOF, there were no technical difficulties regarding explantation of the stent from RVOT. The thirty-day survival rate was 96%. During RC 16% of patients avoided transannular repair procedure.

Conclusion. The patients were provided with effective palliative care such as RVOT stenting, which was reflected by improved oxygenation after the procedure and optimal growth of the pulmonary arteria and left ventricle by the time of RC. There were no technical difficulties regarding the explantation of the stent from RVOT during RC.
INDICATIONS FOR VALVE-SPARING AND RECONSTRUCTIVE AORTIC ROOT SURGERY: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Komarov Roman N. , Vasalatiy Ilya M. , Tkachev Maxim I. , Isaev Ruslan M. , Shumakhova Ariana O. , Murylev Daniil V. , Solenova Elena Y. , Rashidova Aminat M.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

The review presents the results of valve-sparing and reconstructive aortic root surgeries. The results of the analysis of patients` data can help specialists to compare and develop novel approaches to the treatment of patients with aortic root diseases. The presented “Russian conduit” procedure developed by the authors is an option for treatment of the aortic valve and aortic root defects.

 

Aim. To develop an optimal technique for surgical treatment of aortic root pathologies. The review presents data on modern surgical approaches in the management of the disease, including the Bentall-De Bono procedure, “classic” and “modified” David procedures, the “Russian Conduit” procedure, and the Ross procedure.

Methods. The retrospective study involved 183 patients who underwent surgeries for aortic root pathologies. Patients were divided into five groups based on the surgical techniques. Clinical and laboratory data were evaluated in the mid-term postoperative period. Statistical analysis included comparative methods using various criteria and tests.

Results. The David procedure was advantageous over the Bentall-De Bono procedure for patients with intact aortic valve leaflets. The “Russian conduit” procedure demonstrated safety and durability comparable to the classic David procedure, along with good hemodynamic performance. There was a higher frequency of residual aortic regurgitation following leaflet repair within the “modified” David procedure.

Conclusion. The results confirm that techniques using autologous tissues, such as the “Russian conduit” and “Protected Ross” are effective and safe alternatives to traditional replacement methods. The David procedure remains preferable for patients without leaflet damage, while procedures involving complete replacement are advisable for patients with severe valve pathology.
INFLUENCE OF PREVIOUS CATHETER ABLATIONS ON THE EFFICACY OF THORACOSCOPIC TREATMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Strebkova Elizaveta D. , Artyukhina Elena A. , Kadirova Madina , Revishvili Amiran S.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Despite the widespread use of thoracoscopic ablations in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, accurate predictors of recurrent arrhythmia have not been established, therefore, the effectiveness of this procedure varies significantly (from 38 to 83%). According to clinical guidelines, thoracoscopic ablation should be considered in patients after primary catheter ablation. Several studies have noted that patients with a catheter ablation in history have a significantly higher risk of recurrent atrial fibrillation after thoracoscopic ablation compared with patients without catheter ablation in the 5-year follow-up period. However, our study results indicated similar prevalence of recurrent arrhythmia in patients with and without catheter ablation. Taking into account all of the above, we have evaluated the impact of previous catheter ablations on the effectiveness of thoracoscopic ablation of atrial fibrillation in the long-term follow-up period.

 

Aim. To assess the impact of failed pulmonary vein catheter ablation (CA) on the efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic ablation (TSA) in the long-term follow-up period.

Material and Methods. “Box lesion” TSA with left atrial auricle (LAA) exclusion was performed in 47 patients with CA in history and 103 patients without CA. The procedure was considered effective in the absence on 24-h HM ECG of any atrial tachyarrhythmia of more than 30 seconds duration recorded at the examination checkpoints.   

Results. The efficiency of TSA in the group with CA was 61,5% and 77,5% in the group without CA, with a mean follow-up period of 2,6 ± 0,83 years. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses showed that prior CA statistically significantly increased the risks of atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence by 1,936-fold (95% CI 1,931–4,026, p = 0,037) and 1,917-fold (95% CI 1,913–4,098, p = 0,042), respectively. 

Conclusion. The study results revealed that previous unsuccessful pulmonary vein CA may reduce the effectiveness of TSA in the long-term follow-up period. However, this topic requires further research involving multivariate analysis on a larger cohort of patients.
Theoretical Foundations of the Removal of Enforcement Immunity from the only Debtor’s Home Suitable for Living
Authors: Koraev K. B.
Published: February 2025

Under the influence of judicial practice, the legal science has formed theoretical concepts designed to justify the removal of enforcement immunity from the debtor’s only luxury home. The accumulated material allows us to combine it into a single theory and refer to it as the theory of luxury. The basic elements of this theory show how difficult, if not impossible, it is to implement it in the current legislation. The paper concludes that this difficulty is caused by significant shortcomings of the theory of luxury, the main of which include the substitution of the constitutional right to housing by the right to «square meters». In addition, its implementation in legislation will inevitably generate inequality between individuals in terms of property and social status. In fact, it is a sanction for the luxury of debtors and a preference for the wealth of their creditors, rather than a way and condition for satisfying the claims of all creditors. As an alternative theoretical justification for the possibility of foreclosure on the debtor’s only home, the author proposes to apply the theory of abuse of the right, the main idea of which is that the removal of enforcement immunity should constitute a sanction for the debtor’s unscrupulous behavior. In addition, it is proposed to supplement the circumstances, the presence of which should entail the removal of enforcement immunity for economic reasons.
Conceptual Approaches to the International Legal Definition of the Concept of «Aggression» and the Problems of Improving Russian Legislation
Authors: Batyr V. A.
Published: February 2025

Based on the study of doctrinal sources, contractual legal regulation and judicial practice materials, the paper defines legal models for the establishment of acts of aggression: the Nuremberg-Tokyo model (as a contractual one, only stating the fact of aggressive war and to a certain extent functional for the purpose of establishing individual criminal responsibility) and the universal UN model (or a political and legal model related to the establishment of an act of aggression as a violation of the territorial integrity or political independence of states and with the subsequent transfer of the case to the International Criminal Court for prosecution to bring the perpetrators to justice). There is a tendency to overestimate the «internationality» in defining acts of aggression by removing national jurisdictions from the possibility of qualifying acts of armed attack by stating the statutory authority of the UN Security Council in determining the committed act of aggression (Article 39 of the UN Charter). The «regional» and «bilateral» models of countering acts of aggression within the framework of fulfilling allied obligations are considered. An objective model of suppressing an armed attack and its consequences is proposed as a subjective imputation by the injured state (group of states) of committing an act of aggression to the aggressor state (group of states), which can be implemented in the legislation and law enforcement practice of Russia. The paper reflects the main points from the speech delivered by Professor Batyr on May 28, 2024 at a round table in the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on the topic «The concept of aggression in international law and Russian doctrinal documents».
On the Issue of the Organizational and Legal Form of a Research Consortium
Authors: Soyfer T. V.
Published: February 2025

The implementation of state-significant tasks in the field of scientific and technological development implies the need to apply effective options for legal regulation of relations arising within the framework of innovative cooperation and technology transfer, as well as the search for optimal ways of legal registration of emerging structures and formations. The concept of technological development for the period up to 2030 provides for the consolidation of a new organizational and legal form in Russian legislation in order to integrate research and production and technological activities — a research consortium, which is entrusted with the mission of implementing large-scale projects. The article highlights the features inherent in such associations, and substantiates the insufficiency of existing civil law models for their adequate regulation. The possible means of legal support for research consortia are also considered, taking into account the possibility of their formation on a contractual basis and as a subject with the rights of a legal entity, including the directions for the development of legislation in order to adequately organize research consortia and effectively regulate their activities.
The Use of Blockchain Technologies in Transport Transactions
Authors: Anisimov A. V.
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the implementation of blockchain technology in transport transactions and the impact of this technology on the features of concluding and executing transactions in the transport sector. Blockchain technology is a key element of smart contracts, as a type of electronic transactions in the transport sector. Blockchain technology provides new opportunities for the security of concluding transactions, but the key issue in regulating such transactions is the identification of transaction subjects, as well as data protection from unlawful encroachment. A smart contract allows the full use of artificial intelligence technologies in the transport sector both for concluding and monitoring the execution of a transaction.

The problem with regulatory frameworks is that most countries do not have specific regulations, but allow the use of blockchain-based tools, such as smart contracts and electronic bills of lading. However, recent changes to digital asset legislation, allowing for settlements in cryptocurrency, indicate a trend towards permissive regulation of blockchain technology, which will lead to greater adoption of this technology in the transport sector.