bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secuenciación de Nueva Generación: ¿Es Factible su Implementación en el Ámbito Forense Colombiano?
Authors: Gaviria Vélez Diego Luis , Calderón Hernández Juan Alejandro , Gil-Villa Aura María
Published: December 2021

Esta revisión realiza una aproximación metodológica cercana a los retos que enfrentan las instituciones de nuestro país involucradas en el estudio genético-forense, relacionado con el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en lo referente al análisis de los marcadores genéticos empleados para la identificación de tipo forense, como filiaciones o uni-procedencias, utilizadas comúnmente por los laboratorios del país. En la actualidad, se utilizan sistemas de identificación por medio de ADN de tipo microsatélite (STR), que aportan máximo 45 marcadores autosómicos y sexuales, que entregan información suficiente para realizar una identificación veraz de un individuo; no obstante, se presentan situaciones en que los resultados esperados no son los óptimos, debido a la degradación que pueden presentar las muestras, contaminaciones y bajo contenido de ADN. Hoy por hoy, se trabaja en una modificación al empleo y manejo de estos marcadores para dar mejor rendimiento en la obtención de perfiles genéticos en todo tipo de muestras, generando resultados basados en secuencias específicas de nucleótidos, mejorando los perfiles genéticos a estudiar, ya que se amplía el número de marcadores genéticos, se reduce el tiempo de análisis y la fiabilidad de los resultados obtenidos para realizar los respectivos cotejos de interés forense.
Upaya Pengembangan Softskill Pengelola Keuangan pada Kelompok Usaha Rahmatan lil’alamin Bandar, Batang
Authors: Ningtyas Jilma Dewi Ayu , Darutama Ardiyan , Kurniasih Ulfa
Published: December 2021

KU Rahmatan Lil’alamin ingin mengembangkan usaha jual beli tapi terkendala pengetahuan yang minim mengenai bagaimana mengelola asset dan pencatatanya serta pengelompokannya sesuai dengan peraturan. Mengetahui asset atau harta terlebih dahulu merupakan salah satu cara untuk mendukung strategi berbisnis apa yang akan dikembangkan, apalagi disaat pandemic covid-19 sangat memberi dampak negative terhadap banyak sector di Indonesia (Marasabessy, 2021). Kendala ini akan mempengaruhi terwujudnya visi dan misi dari KU Rahmatan Lil’alamin apabila tidak segera diselesaikan. Berdasarkan uraian latar belakang di atas, maka kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan melalui pendampingan dengan edukasi dan pelatihan internal organisasi. Tujuan utama membantu mengelola, mencatat dan mengelompokkan asset Kelompok Usaha Rahmatan lil’alamin, Bandar berdasarkan jenis-jenis harta yang disesuaikan dengan peraturan Menteri keuangan no. 96/PMK.03/2009. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pendampingan terhadap pengelola keuangan. hal ini diharapkan pengelola mampu dan memahami bagaimana mengelola, mencatat dan mengelompokkan asset yang dimiliki oleh Kelompok Usaha Rahmatan lil’alamin, Bandar.  Kegiatan dilaksanakan selama 3 hari yaitu hari pertama persiapan, hari kedua pengenalan materi dan praktikum dengan menggunakan laptop. Dan hari ketiga evaluasi pelaksanaan kegiatan. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi kegiatan dapat disimpulkan bahwa setelah mendapatkan pelatihan mengenai pengelolaan, pencatatan dan pengelompokan asset berdasarkan peraturan Menteri keuangan no. 96/PMK.03/2009, pengelola Kelompok Usaha Rahmatan lil’alamin, Bandar terjadi peningkatan pemahaman mengenai bagaimana mengelola asset, mencatat asset dan mengelompokkan asset yang sesuai dengan peraturan.
Establishment and Management of Mutual aid Learning Platform for University Students Based on Internet Plus
Authors: Lu Xiaoqian , Chen Xiaofeng , Li Yanjing , Sheng Yan , Zhou Zejiong
Published: December 2021

In light of the advantages and disadvantages of various learning support platforms in universities and the needs of students in schools, we have launched a learning platform based on Internet plus. This is an APP for college students. Firstly, this paper introduces the products, services and business model of the learning platform. Secondly, PEST method and SWOT method are used to analyze the market competition of the learning platform. Thirdly, it analyzes the marketing strategy and financial situation of the learning platform. Finally, it analyzes the risks faced by the learning platform and preventive measures.
Feeding Behaviour of Tank Goby, Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton) and Its Rearing Feasibility in Upper Assam
Authors: Sonowal Monjeet , Nayak Nipen , BIswas S P
Published: December 2021

Feeding behaviour and rearing feasibility of a multipurpose wild goby fish, Glossogobius giuris in backyard ponds has been discussed. The fish shows inclination towards animal diet with wide range of food preferences at various trophic levels. Specimens collected from natural habitat and also from rearing pond indicate its preference towards small sized fishes. The fish is a voracious feeder and exhibit somewhat aggressive behaviour when kept in fasting mode for a period of 12 to 24 hour. Further, the fish prefers mostly in live food, be it small fish, earthworm or mosquito larvae but exhibit little interest towards homemade and commercial fish feed.
Community managed Drinking water in Lapalang village: A challenge from Coliform Contamination
Authors: Massar Bashida
Published: December 2021

The present communication is the result of the analysis of drinking water of Lapalang village in Pynursla Block, East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya performed in order to rule out the unscientific claims by villagers that the village drinking water is likely to have high concentration of lime. Water samples collected from the source (spring), storage tank and tap are analysed. The study shows that spring water is fit for consumption, however the same water supply collected from storage tank and tap is highly contaminated with coliform bacteria.
Inter and intra-seasonal, variation of thermodynamic parameters of the atmosphere over coastal Tamilnadu during northeast monsoon
Authors: RAJ Y.E. A.
Published: December 2021

The thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere over coastal Tamilnadu during the northeast monsoon season has been studied in detail based on the daily 0000 UTC upper air data between 1000  and 500 hPa levels of Madras for October-January for the l0 year period 1976-77 to 1985-86. Normal upper  air soundings have been computed for dry and wet spells of northeast monsoon and for the brief period of southwest monsoon prior to northeast monsoon onset. The moisture flux crossing  Madras and the liquid  water content over Madras have been computed for various categories of monsoon activity. It has been shown that the onset of easterlies over Madras is accompanied by a cooling of 1C of the atmosphere over Madras at all levels upto 500 hPa. An east to west moisture flux of 21.1 x 108 metric tons per day across one degree wall over Madras has been found to cross coast during typical wet spell of northeast monsoon. The moisture flux crossing coast for good northeast monsoon and also the normal flux computed for the period of study compared fairly well with the moisture flux crossing west coast during southwest monsoon obtained in various other studies. The energy of an air column over coastal Tamilnadu was found to decrease subsequent to the onset of northeast monsoon. Analysis of variation of liquid water content revealed that even during deficit rainfall years there was considereable amount of low level moisture in  the atmosphere. Neither during dryspells of northeast monsoon nor after its retreat was there any clear sign of spreading of continental air mass over coastal Tamilnadu.
A comparative study of differences in the averages of temperatures and rainfall over the Indian stations during the periods 1931-60 and 1961-90
Authors: CHHABRA B. M. , RAO G. S. PRAKASA , JOSHI U. R.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. The differences in the averages of surface temperature and rainfall during the periods 1931-60 and 1961-90 are studied for 166 individual stations covering major parts of India. To test the significance of the difference, student’s ‘t’ test has been applied. The fall in air temperatures in the north Indian stations is mainly due to the significant fall in minimum temperatures and rise in air temperatures in the south Indian stations is due to the significant rise in maximum temperatures. No significant change is observed in rainfall. However, over hill stations the rainfall has decreased and over urban/industrialized cities the rainfall has increased.
A numerical typhoon track prediction model and its application on the real-time operation
Authors: WANG SHIWEN , CHENG DEHUI , LI JIANJUN , MA SHUHONG
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT. Recently a nested numerical model for typhoon track prediction (MTP) with a higher horizontal resolution and a complex physical package has been developed by the National  Meteorological Center (NMC, Beijing). For its improvement of initialization, a modified typhoon bogus scheme (Iwasaki 1987) also has been applied. The design of the M1TP had been determined by the end of 1992 and the forecast capability of this model was tested firstly with a series of experiments for the selected typhoon cases in 1993 (Wang and Li 1994). After it was examined in real-time forecast in the next year, further improvements were made in 1995 including a higher horizontal resolution increased from about 100 to 50 km, a package of complex physics instead of the simple one and a scheme for removal of analyzed vortex. With the improved forecast capability, the MTP run in quasi-operation from the date of 1 June 1995. Its products were also used by the forecasters during the past two years and the results were very encouraging.
Recovery of Muscle Atrophy and Fatty Infiltration in Patients With Acetabular Dysplasia After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kawano Takumi , Nankaku Manabu , Murao Masanobu , Hamada Ryota , Goto Koji , Kuroda Yutaka , Kawai Toshiyuki , Ikeguchi Ryosuke , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Hip osteoarthritis (OA) with acetabular dysplasia negatively affects pelvic alignment and muscle function. We aimed to investigate the changes in muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the hip and trunk muscles 1 year after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with hip OA with acetabular dysplasia.

Methods:

This study included 51 female patients who underwent THA for unilateral hip OA with acetabular dysplasia. The cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle density of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, iliopsoas, rectus abdominis, and abdominal oblique muscles using computer tomography and pelvic inclination angle using radiographs were assessed before and 1 year after THA.

Results:

At the 1-year follow-up, the CSA and muscle density of the gluteus medius (2,078 to 2,522 mm2 and 30.3 to 39.4 hounsfield units [HU]), iliopsoas (715 to 901 mm2 and 40.3 to 50.8 HU), and rectus abdominis (336 to 363 mm2 and 28.6 to 30.6 HU) of the affected limb had increased significantly (P < 0.05). The CSA and muscle density of the gluteus maximus (2,429 versus 2,884 mm2 and 23.7 versus 32.6 HU), gluteus minimus (636 versus 785 mm2 and 14.3 versus 37.1 HU), piriformis (505 versus 607 mm2 and 23.4 versus 31.6 HU), and iliopsoas (901 versus 997 mm2 and 50.8 versus 54.5 HU) in the affected limb were lower than those in the unaffected limb (P < 0.01). Postoperatively, the CSA and muscle density of the rectus abdominis were not significantly different between the limbs, and the pelvic inclination angle (35.2° to 32.1°, P < 0.01) was significantly decreased.

Discussion:

Compared with the nonoperated limb, substantial atrophy and fatty infiltration of most hip muscles persisted in the operated limb 1 year after THA in patients with acetabular dysplasia; asymmetry in the rectus abdominis muscle fully resolved. In patients with acetabular dysplasia, the surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation should be further considered to optimize hip muscle recovery.
Utility of WBCT to Diagnose Syndesmotic Instability in Patients With Weber B Lateral Malleolar Fractures
Authors: Bhimani Rohan , Ashkani-Esfahani Soheil , Lubberts Bart , Kaiser Philip , Kerkhoffs Gino M.M.J. , Waryasz Gregory , DiGiovanni Christopher W. , Guss Daniel
Published: December 2021

Background:

Diagnosing syndesmotic instability accompanying Weber B ankle fractures can be challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT) to diagnose syndesmotic instability using one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional measurements among patients with unilateral Weber B lateral malleolar fractures with symmetric medial clear space (MCS) on initial radiographs and yet demonstrated operatively confirmed syndesmotic instability.

Methods:

The treatment group included 23 patients with unilateral surgically confirmed syndesmotic instability accompanying Weber B ankle fractures who underwent preoperative bilateral foot and ankle WBCT. The control group included 18 unilateral Weber B ankle fracture patients without syndesmotic instability who underwent bilateral WBCT. Measurements on WBCT images included the following: (1) syndesmotic area, (2) anterior, middle, and posterior distal tibiofibular distance, (3) fibular rotation, (4) distance from fibular tip to plafond, (5) fibular fracture displacement, and (6) MCS distance. In addition, the following volumetric measurements were calculated: (1) syndesmotic joint volume from the tibial plafond extending to 3 and 5 cm proximally, (2) MCS volume, and (3) lateral clear space volume. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Delong test were used, and optimal cutoff values to distinguish between stable and unstable syndesmosis were determined using Youden J statistic.

Results:

Among patients with unilateral syndesmotic instability and Weber B ankle fractures, all WBCT measurements were significantly greater than uninjured side, except MCS distance, syndesmotic area, and anterior and posterior tibiofibular distances (P values <0.001 to 0.004). Moreover, syndesmosis volume spanning from the tibial plafond to 5 cm proximally had the largest area under the curve of 0.96 (sensitivity = 90%; specificity = 95%), followed by syndesmosis volume up to 3 cm proximally (area under the curve = 0.91; sensitivity = 90%; specificity = 90%). Except for MCS volume and distal fibular tip to tibial plafond distance, the control group showed no side-to-side difference in any parameter.

Conclusion:

Syndesmotic joint volume measurements seem to be best suited to diagnose syndesmotic instability among patients with Weber B ankle fractures, compared with other two-dimensional and three-dimensional WBCT measurements.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative diagnostic study
Gasdynamic Effects of Periodic Pulse Energy Supply in Widening Channel With Consideration of Air Real Properties
Authors: Zamuraev Vladimir , Kalinina Anna
Published: December 2021

The impact of molecular (thermodynamic) gas properties on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of gasdynamic effects in a widening channel (with supersonic flow) at periodic pulse energy supply has been studied. As thermal equation of state and other gas thermodynamic properties equations for real gas have been used (with air parameters) with consideration of excitation of oscillation, dissociation and single ionization. We show that qualitatively the effects do not depend on taking molecular properties into account, but the existence of inner degrees of freedom leads to losses in tractive force of about 30 per cent for both periodic pulse and steady modes of energy supply.
Modelling of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes and Emulsion Stratification Under the Influence of Electric Fields
Authors: Zakirjanova Galiya , Kovaleva Liana , Nasyrov Nur
Published: December 2021

The influence of the radio-frequency (RF) and law-frequency (LF) electric fields and their joint impact on processes of heat and mass transfer and emulsion stratification on oil and water are theoretically investigated. At modeling the effect of ponderomotive forces on the medium from electromagnetic (EM) field and also heat and mass transfer cross effects arising at nonisothermal current of liquid are considered. Comparison of calculation results with known experimental data is carried out.
The Investigation of Catalytic Methanol Oxidation on Pt(111) and Pd(111) by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Mass-Spectrometry
Authors: Miller Aleksandr , Kaichev Vasily , Prosvirin Igor , Bukhtiyarov Valeriy
Published: December 2021

Oxidation and dehydrogenation of methanol over Pt(111) and Pd(111) single-crystals were studied using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and mass-spectrometry. It was found that for both metals the methanol dehydrogenation proceeds via two routes: dehydrogenation to CO and hydrogen, and decomposition of methanol with C–O bond scission [1–3]. The rate of the second route is several times lower, however, carbon production in this case leads to formation of carbon deposits, which block the surface and hinder the catalytic reactions. Even in the presence of O2 in the gas phase, the main route of methanol conversion over Pd is dehydrogenation to CO and H2. Hydrogen is partially oxidized to water, and CO is oxidized to CO2. The reactions start at temperature above 450 K when surface carbon depositions are removed by oxygen. In contrast, over Pt in presence of O2, the main reaction products are CO2 and water. Reaction also starts above 450 K when the surface carbon deposits are removed. We suppose that the reaction comes via two stages: at first, methanol dehydrogenates to CO and H2, and then total oxidation of these intermediates occurs. At the same time we detected by in situ XPS the formation of formates on the Pt surface. It means that methanol over Pt partially oxidize via non-CO-involved route when the formation and following decomposition of surface formates lead to CO2 and H2 yield. The difference in product distribution over Pt and Pd in the methanol oxidation is in a good agreement with the fact that Pt is more active in the CO oxidation than Pd. In both cases, the active state in the methanol oxidation is Pt or Pd in the metallic state.
Assessment of Knowledge of Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Students about Home-Isolation Guidelines of COVID-19
Authors: Vaghela Jinalben , Vyas Sheetal
Published: December 2021

Background: COVID-19 patients can stay at home if isolated from others. The present study was carried out for assessment of knowledge of home-isolation (HI) guidelines.
Method: Cross sectional descriptive study was done amongst 289 Undergraduate (UG) and Postgraduate (PG) medical students. The data collected through Google form were analysed and calculation of percentages, proportion, mean, SD etc. was done.
Results: Response rate was 61.49%. Mean age was 21.32 ± 2.27 years. Female to male ratio was 1.4:1. 93.42% and 6.57% were UG students and PG students respectively. 80.97% had performed COVID duty. There is no significant difference between boys and girls in performing COVID-19 duties. (z=1.46, p>0.05). 38.06% correctly defined HI, 50.52% knew when to discontinue HI, and 66.09% knew eligibility criteria for HI. 18.68% had knowledge about hand washing, 20.07% knew about COVID 19 helpline numbers. The mean score of the UG students was 6.84±2.17 whereas same as for PG students was 7.79±2.07.
Conclusions: Students had higher level of correct knowledge about, when to seek medical attention for home isolated person; infection control practices followed by hand hygiene, use of mask by care giver. There is less knowledge about other aspects of home isolation.
Is Adequate Sleep Becoming Outlandish Among Healthcare Professionals? - A Review on Its Toll on Their Health
Authors: AY Nirupama , Chellaiyan D Vinoth Gnana , Ravivarman G
Published: December 2021

Sleep deprivation has been hinted to have a deleterious effect on health workers who are involved in multitude of life saving tasks, which often require more attention and concentration. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the national health portal (Government of India) have now recognized sleep deprivation as a public health epidemic. The main effects of sleep deprivation include physical effects (sleepiness, fatigue, or hypertension), cognitive impairment (deterioration of performance, attention, concentration and intellectual capacity and increase of the likelihood of accidents) and mental health complications. Rotational night shift work is often accompanied by insufficient sleep and disruption of circadian phase, each related to repeated errors on task performance as a result of lapses in attention and increased reaction time. Maintaining good quality of sleep is vital for the establishment of positive health and physical/mental well-being; nonetheless, lifestyle and environmental factors are progressively causing hitches in sleeping. Individuals with shift work sleep disorders need a customized and comprehensive therapy that includes counselling, yoga/meditation and behavioural therapy along with requisite pharmacological management, as and when warranted.
Investigation of Hunger and Satiety Status During Eyes Open and Closed Using EEG Signals
Authors: Cetin Egehan , Bilgin Gurkan , Bilgin Suleyman , Bicer Gomceli Yasemin , Kayikci Alparslan Melik
Published: December 2021

Surface EEG measurements that can be performed in hospitals and laboratories have reached a wearable and portable level with the development of today's technologies. Artificial intelligence-assisted brain-computer interface (BCI) systems play an important role in individuals with disabilities to process EEG signals and interact with the outside world. In particular, the research is becoming widespread to meet the basic needs of individuals in need of home care with an increasing population. In this study, it is aimed to design the BCI system that will detect the hunger and satiety status of the people on the computer platform through EEG measurements. In this context, a database was created by recording EEG signals with eyes open and eyes closed by 20 healthy participants in the first stage of the study. The noise of the EEG signal is eliminated by using a low pass, high pass, and notch filters. In the classification, using Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT) with Coiflet 1 and Daubechies 4 wavelets, 77.50% accuracy was achieved in eyes closed measurement, and 81% in eyes open measurement.
Electrospun Nanofibers on Applications of Nerve Guide Channel
Authors: Gunes Cansu , Avci Ahmet , Ozic Muhammet Usame
Published: December 2021

Therapeutic methods developed for the repair of damaged nerves often do not provide adequate recovery. Along with the application of tissue engineering principles in the nerve tissue regeneration, many researches have been made and are still in progress to develop an ideal nerve guide channel. Promising studies are ongoing for the use of nano-sized fibrous scaffolds for nerve tissue repair, which can mimic the topography of the natural extracellular matrix. With the electrospinning method, nanofibers can be produced and the nanofiber nerve channels enabling neuron development and regrowth can be placed in the nerve gap that has lost its function. This study summarizes nerve tissue engineering strategies and clinical practices, including biomaterials and tissue scaffold production techniques to produce a structure that allows neurons to adhere, multiply, and eventually form nerves.
Acil Serviste Çalışan Hemşirelerin Öz Etkililik-Yeterlik İnançları ile Problem Çözme Becerilerinin Araştırılması
Authors: SANÇAR Behire , ANÇEL Gülsüm , ERKAL İLHAN Sibel
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırma hastanelerin acil servislerinde çalışan hemşirelerin öz-yeterlik inançları ile problem çözme becerileri arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Bu araştırma, Ankara'daki hastanelerin acil servislerinde görev yapan 336 hemşirenin katılımıyla Haziran 2017 - Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Veri toplama araçları olarak Öz Etkililik-Yeterlilik Ölçeği ve Problem Çözme Becerileri Envanteri kullanıldı. Acil serviste çalışan hemşirelerin öz-yeterlik inançlarının orta düzeyde (62.50 ± 9.64), problem çözme becerileri algılarının ise oldukça düşük (109.31 ± 16.41) olduğu bulundu. Problem çözme envanterinde en yüksek ortalama puan aceleci yaklaşım alt boyutundan (32,36 ± 7,05) alınmış ve genel olarak hemşirelerin olaylara aceleci yaklaştıkları algısına sahip oldukları belirlendi. Hemşirelerin yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, çocuk sayısı, öz-yeterlik-yeterlik inançları ve problem çözme becerileri arasında fark bulunmazken, hastane türü ile eğitim düzeyi arasında fark saptandı (P
‘Denkfouten, die heb ik niet’
Authors: Coffeng Tessa , van Steenbergen Elianne F. , de Vries Femke , Ellemers Naomi
Published: December 2021

‘Denkfouten, die heb ik niet’. Aandacht voor de blinde vlek van toezichthouders

Een denkfout (of bias) ontstaat wanneer mensen op basis van aannames onbewust een verkeerde conclusie trekken. Onder toezichthouders (Ntotaal = 339) is onderzocht in hoeverre zij een potentiële ‘blinde vlek’ vertonen voor hun eigen denkfouten en hoe deze blinde vlek kan worden beïnvloed. Uit dit onderzoek bleek dat toezichthouders inderdaad inschatten dat denkfouten meer bij anderen voorkomen dan bij henzelf, en dat zelfwaargenomen objectiviteit deze blinde vlek kan vergroten. Ook bleek dat toezichthouders die waakzamer zijn in mindere mate een blinde vlek hebben voor hun eigen denkfouten. Toezichthouders geruststellen over het risico op denkfouten in de besluitvorming maakte hen juist minder waakzaam.
A educação do campo: um estudo sobre as condições das escolas dos assentamentos de reforma agrária
Authors: Machado Vitor , Tsuchiya Amanda Matheus
Published: December 2021

A Educação do Campo surge no Brasil como resultado do processo de luta dos movimentos sociais do campo, especialmente do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Assentados (MST) Assim, esse trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar que apesar das políticas públicas para a educação do campo ter representado grandes avanços, a realidade atual das escolas rurais revela a existência de um abismo entre tais políticas e os desafios educacionais a serem enfrentados pelas escolas da zona rural. Análises realizadas à luz do Censo da Educação Escolar de 2018 (BRASIL, 2019) revelam a grande precarização da infraestrutura dessas escolas e o fechamento de um número significativo delas nos últimos anos. Todos esses problemas apontados, como resultado do abandono dos nossos governantes, causam grandes dificuldades ao processo de ensino aprendizagem dos alunos do campo e contribuem também para que um significativo número de crianças e jovens da zona rural permaneça fora da escola.
DETERMINING ROBUST PARAMETERS IN STABILIZING SET OF BACKSTEPPING BASED NONLINEAR CONTROLLER FOR SHIP COURSE KEEPING
Authors: Zhang X K , Zhang G Q
Published: December 2021

In order to solve the problem that backstepping method cannot effectively guarantee the robust performance of the closed-loop system, a novel method of determining parameter is developed in this note. Based on the ship manoeuvring empirical knowledge and the closed-loop shaping theory, the derived parameters belong to a reduced robust group in the original stabilizing set. The uniformly asymptotic stability is achieved theoretically. The training vessel “Yulong” and the tanker “Daqing232” are selected as the plants in the simulation experiment. And the simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
A FUZZY NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR ANALYZING BALTIC DRY INDEX IN THE BULK MARITIME INDUSTRY
Authors: Chou C C , Lin K S
Published: December 2021

Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is one of the important indexes in the dry bulk shipping market. BDI analysis and forecasting is one of important activities of shipowners, charterers, shipping carriers, importers and exporters, and banks in the dry bulk shipping market. Based on the accurate BDI analysis and forecasting , the shipowners, charterers, shipping carriers, importers and exporters, and banks in the bulk shipping market could make many important decisions of shipping operation, management and financial invest such as building a new bulk carrier, chartering-in or chartering-out a second-hand bulk carrier, demolishing an old bulk carrier, and providing funding for shipowners. Thus, this paper adopts a fuzzy neural network model to analyze the relationship between the BDI in the international bulk shipping market and the major economic indexes in the global financial market. Finally, the proposed fuzzy neural network model is tested by empirical data during the period of 2000-2015. The results show that the fuzzy neural network model has high accuracy of forecasting. The fuzzy neural network model in this study seems to be promising and the model could help the shipowners, charterers, shipping carriers, importers and exporters, and banks forecast future BDI points in the bulk shipping market, and then make important decisions and operation strategies of shipping operation, management and financial invest.
THE ECONOMICS OF A LONG TERM COATING
Authors: Willemen R , Verstraelen H , Meskens R , Luyckx D , Vastmans K , Lenaerts S , Potters G , De Baere K
Published: December 2021

An important challenge during ship construction is the protection against corrosion of the ballast tanks. These tanks have many compartments, contain multiple structural elements and play a critical role in the seaworthiness. The majority of the ballast tanks are prepared and coated according to IMO Performance Standard for Protective Coating regulations (PSPC), using a light colored epoxy coating that, when maintenance is being performed by the crew, must remain in a “good” condition for 15 years. This method is set next to a protection system applied by a given owner who keeps its ships in an excellent condition for their complete lifetime using a long term coating. More attention is paid to the preparation and application of the coating and consequently it protects the ballast tanks for more than 25 years. These coating strategies are compared in an economic analysis, supplemented with a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the outcomes due to variable parameters. The results indicate that a long term coating only pays off for owners willing to keep the ballast tanks of their vessels in a good condition for the complete lifetime. The decisive factor is that a long term coating entails no recoating in dry dock. The latter results less toxic components in the atmosphere.
SLIDING MODE BASED PREDICTIVE CONTROLLER OF A SPHEROIDAL UNDERWATER VEHICLE
Authors: Prasad M P R , Swarup A
Published: December 2021

The following key points are made after reading this research paper: 1) The approach taken in the paper looks interesting and innovative; 2) The problem and solution are well motivated; 3) The design of proposed hybrid controller (Sliding Mode & Model Predictive Controller) is a new and robust technique. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis and stability analysis are discussed in this paper; and 4) The proposed flowchart for MPC looks interesting. MPC tuning is given in a standard and systematic way.
VISCOSITY IN SEAKEEPING
Authors: Pawłowski M
Published: December 2021

Application of strip theory for the prediction of ship motions in waves relies on sectional hydrodynamic coefficients; i.e. the added mass and damping coefficients. These coefficients apply to linearised problems and are normally computed for inviscid fluids. It is possible to account for viscosity but this cannot be done by the RANS equations, as in linear problems there is no room for turbulence. The hydrodynamic coefficients can include the effect of viscosity but this can be done rightly through the classic Navier–Stokes equations for laminar (non-turbulent) flows. For solving these equations commercial RANS software can be used, assuming no Reynolds stresses.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL MODAL ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE LAMINATED SHELLS WITH CUT-OUT
Authors: Mandal A , Ray C , Haldar S
Published: December 2021

The presence of cutouts at different positions of laminated shell component in marine and aeronautical structures facilitate heat dissipation, undertaking maintenance, fitting auxiliary equipment, access ports for mechanical and electrical systems, damage inspection and also influences the dynamic behaviour of the structures. The aim of the present study is to establish a comprehensive perspective of dynamic behavior of laminated deep shells (length to radius of curvature ratio less than one) with cut-out by experiments and numerical simulation. The glass epoxy laminated composite shell has been prepared in the laboratory by resin infusion. The experimental free vibration analysis is carried out on laminated shells with and without cut-out. The mass matrix is developed by considering rotary inertia in a lumped mass model in the numerical modeling. The results obtained from numerical and experimental studies are compared for verification and the consistency between mode shapes is established by applying modal assurance criteria.
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Prevalence of blaOXA-51, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaCTX, tetA and tetB Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clinical Specimens of Hospitals in Tabriz city, Iran
Authors: Jafari Sales Abolfazl , Naebi Sara , Bannazadeh-Baghi Hossein , Saki Morteza
Published: December 2021

Background: Nowadays, the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics has become a global problem. Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. Acinetobacter baumannii plays a significant role in antibiotic resistance. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the blaOXA-51, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaCTX-M, tetA and tetB genes and antibiotic resistance pattern of A. baumannii isolated from hospitals in Tabriz city, Iran. Methods: This study was descriptive cross-sectional research, performed on 129 isolates of Acinetobacter from different clinical specimens. The Isolates were identified using standard laboratory methods and culture in selective mediums. The antibiotic resistance pattern of isolates was also determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. Phenotypic and genotypic detection of blaOXA-51, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaCTX-M, tetA and tetB genes in the isolates was carried out by a combined disk test (CDT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. Results: The highest resistance of isolates was determined to cefotaxime (100%) and ceftazidime (100%). The results of CDT showed that 14 (12.96%) isolates could produce extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs). However, the PCR results blaOXA-51, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaPER, blaVEB, blaCTX-M, tetA and tetB genes showed that these genes were in 100%, 18.51%, 16.66%, 32.40%, 16.66%, 31.48%, 32.40% and 21.29% of isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in strains, rapid and timely detection of antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii strains is necessary for the selection of an appropriate therapeutic approach and prevention of their prevalence.
Association of Microalbuminuria and Bevacizumab Therapy Outcomes in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients
Authors: Rasoulinejad Seyed Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a visual impairment-related eye disease developed by long-term hyperglycemic status. Diabetic condition in DR patients leads to diabetic organopathies (e.g., renal failure). Albuminuria, as a hallmark of renal failure, can be correlated with visual indicators in DR patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of albuminuria status in visual acuity (VA) and bevacizumab therapy outcomes in DR patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, 48 DR patients were admitted to the Ophthalmology Center of Ayatollah Rouhani Hospital, affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. The retinopathy status and VA were identified before and after treatment through 45 days of bevacizumab therapy. In addition, fast blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, urine albumin, and urine creatinine were evaluated using standard laboratory methods. Results: The VA value before treatment in microalbuminuric DR patients (0.106 ± 0.036) was significantly lower than non-microalbuminuric DR patients (0.347 ± 0.286; P < 0.001). Furthermore, VA value after treatment in microalbuminuric DR patients (0.115 ± 0.071) was significantly lower than non-microalbuminuric DR patients (0.355 ± 0.272; P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the percentage of VA increase between microalbuminuric and non-microalbuminuric patients. Moreover, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was correlated with a lower VA level before and after treatment (P < 0.001 for both). There was no correlation between the percentage of VA increase with ACR, albumin, and creatinine. Conclusions: The current study results showed that different VA before and after bevacizumab therapy status was correlated with microalbuminuria status. Additionally, microalbuminuria status did not affect the percentage of VA increase in the treatment of DR patients.
Low Frequency of Adenovirus, Rotavirus, and Norovirus in Pediatric Diarrheal Samples from Central Iran
Authors: Abbasi Elnaz , Mondanizadeh Mahdieh , van Belkum Alex , Ghaznavi-Rad Ehsanollah
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute viral gastroenteritis is a disorder that affects children globally but mostly in developing countries. Adenoviruses, rotaviruses, and noroviruses are the leading viral causes of childhood gastroenteritis. Objectives: This study is the first to investigate the frequency of these viruses in diarrheal samples from pediatric patients living in central Iran. Methods: A total of 173 samples of pediatric diarrhea, from May 2015 to May 2016, were included in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The samples were analyzed using in-house developed PCR and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR methods to investigate the frequency of adenoviruses, rotaviruses, and noroviruses. Results: Out of 173 samples of pediatric diarrhea, eight were shown to contain enteric viruses (4.6%): (1) four with adenoviruses (2.3%); (2) three with rotaviruses (1.7%); and (3) one with a genogroup II norovirus (0.6%). Most of the positive samples were obtained from children under the age of seven. The most common additional clinical symptoms in pediatric patients with viral agents were fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Conclusions: In central Iran, adenoviruses and rotaviruses were rarely found as agents responsible for gastroenteritis. Although viral gastroenteritis in this area had less frequency than bacterial gastroenteritis, we need to monitor all enteropathogenic agents for longer periods to understand better real endemicity and the possibility of unexpected viral enteritis outbreaks.
Preclinical Efficacy and Clinical Feasibility of a Novel Aerosol-Exposure Protection Mask for Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Authors: Makiguchi Mai Ego , Abe Seiichiro , Okagawa Yutaka , Nonaka Satoru , Suzuki Haruhisa , Yoshinaga Shigetaka , Oda Ichiro , Ryuta Okamoto , Saito Yutaka
Published: December 2021

Background/Aims: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel aerosol-exposure protection (AP) mask in preventing coronavirus disease in healthcare professionals during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and to evaluate its clinical feasibility.Methods: In Study 1, three healthy volunteers volitionally coughed with and without the AP mask in a cleanroom. Microparticles were visualized and counted with a specific measurement system and compared with and without the AP mask. In Study 2, 30 patients underwent endoscopic resection with the AP mask covering the face, and the SpO2 was measured throughout the procedure.Results: In Study 1, the median number of microparticles in volunteers 1, 2, and 3 with and without the AP mask was 8.5 and 110.0, 7.0 and 51.5, and 8.0 and 95.0, respectively (p<0.01). Using the AP mask, microparticles were reduced by approximately 92%. The median distances of microparticle scattering without the AP mask were 60, 0, and 68 in volunteers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In Study 2, the mean SpO2 was 96.3%, and desaturation occurred in three patients.Conclusion: The AP mask could provide protection from aerosol exposure and can be safely used for endoscopy in clinical practice.
Calculating capital requirements for operational risk
Authors: Waschbusch Gerd , Kiszka Sabina
Published: December 2021

Operational risks have become increasingly important for banks, especially against the background of growing IT dependency and the increasing complexity of their activities. Further-more, the corona pandemic contributed to the increased risk potential. Therefore, banks have to back these risks with own funds. There are currently three measurement approaches for determining the capital requirements for operational risk. In recent years, and especially during the Great Financial Crisis of 2007/2008, however, some of the weaknesses inherent in these approaches have become apparent. Thus, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision revised the current capital framework. Therefore, this article examines the various measurement approaches, addresses inherent weaknesses and moreover, presents the future measurement approach developed by the supervisory authorities.
insomniac links the development and function of a sleep-regulatory circuit
Authors: Li Qiuling , Jang Hyunsoo , Lim Kayla Y , Lessing Alexie , Stavropoulos Nicholas
Published: December 2021

Although many genes are known to influence sleep, when and how they impact sleep-regulatory circuits remain ill-defined. Here, we show that insomniac (inc), a conserved adaptor for the autism-associated Cul3 ubiquitin ligase, acts in a restricted period of neuronal development to impact sleep in adult Drosophila. The loss of inc causes structural and functional alterations within the mushroom body (MB), a center for sensory integration, associative learning, and sleep regulation. In inc mutants, MB neurons are produced in excess, develop anatomical defects that impede circuit assembly, and are unable to promote sleep when activated in adulthood. Our findings link neurogenesis and postmitotic development of sleep-regulatory neurons to their adult function and suggest that developmental perturbations of circuits that couple sensory inputs and sleep may underlie sleep dysfunction in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Four Ways to Experience Augmented Reality at Museums / Neli võimalust liitreaalsuse kogemiseks muuseumis
Authors: Ossmann Jakob , Seirafi Kasra , Doppler Carina
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Augmented reality (AR) is a prevalent topic in the museum space as it promises to bridge the gap between the physical exhibition space and digitised information. The present paper introduces a framework of four distinct experience-based categories that outline which kind of AR applications are possible inside the museum: 1) object annotation, 2) object visualisation, 3) guiding, and 4) data visualisation.

 

Liitreaalsus (LR) on muuseumides levinud, kuna see lubab ületada lõhe füüsilise näituseruumi ja digiteeritud teabe vahel. Vastav tehnoloogia on nüüdseks küpsuse saavutanud ja muutunud tootmisvahendiks mitmetes tööstusharudes. Käesolevas artiklis vaadeldakse, millised on muuseumides rakendatavad konkreetsed kasutusviisid.

            Muuseumides kasutatava LR-i põhjalikuks mõistmiseks on mitmeid teoreetilisi ja tehnoloogilisi lähenemisviise. Käesolev artikkel täiendab olemasolevat kirjandust, ühendades LR-i teoreetilisi kontseptsioone ja selle tegelikke rakendusi. Selleks võetakse kasutusele neli liitreaalsuse kategooriat, mis ei tulene mitte tehnilistest kirjeldustest, vaid hoopis kasutajakogemuse seadistustest muuseumides. Need kategooriad on 1) objekti annotatsioon, 2) objekti visualiseerimine, 3) vaataja suunamine (LR giid) ja 4) andmete visualiseerimine. Artiklis järgneb kategooriate lühikirjeldustele analüüs, milles vaadeldakse nende rakendamist eri riikide muuseumides.

            Peale nende nelja kategooria rakendamist eri riikide muuseumide parimatele rakendustele väidame, et iga kategooria sobib ideaalselt konkreetsete narratiivsete eesmärkide saavutamiseks: 1) objekti annotatsioon – pidev, 2) objekti visualiseerimine – eraldiseisev, 3) vaataja suunamine – dialoogipõhine ja 4) andmete visualiseerimine – ühendav narrativiseerimine.

            See parimate rakendustega seotud kategooriate kogum aitab muuseumispetsialistidel ja otsustajatel paremini mõista LR-i kasutusvõimalusi ning saavutada vahendamise ja narrativiseerimisega seotud soovitud eesmärke.
Transcriptome analysis of ovary culture-induced embryogenesis in cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.)
Authors: Deng Ying , Fu Wenyuan , Tang Bing , Tao Lian , Zhang Lu , Zhou Xia , Wang Qingqing , Li Ji , Chen Jinfeng
Published: December 2021

Background.

Ovary culture is a useful technique used to generate double haploid (DH) cucumber (Cucumis sativusL.) plants. However, cucumber ovary culture have a low rate of embryo induction and plant regeneration. Moreover, the cucumber embryogenesis mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we explored the molecular basis of cucumber embryogenesis in order to establish a foundation for a more efficient ovary culture method. Using transcriptome sequencing, we also investigated the differential expression of genes during the embryogenesis process.

Methods.

Cytological and morphological observations have divided cucumber ovary culture into three stages: early embryo development (T0), embryo morphogenesis (T1, T2, T3 and T4), and shoot formation (T5). We selected six key time points for transcriptome sequencing and analysis: T0 (the ovules were cultured for 0 d), T1 (the ovules were cultured for 2 d), T2 (the embryos were cultured for 10 d), T3 (the embryos were cultured for 20 d), T4 (the embryos were cultured for 30 d), and T5 (the shoots after 60 d culture).

Results.

We used cytology and morphology to observe the characteristics of the cucumber’s developmental transformation during embryogenesis and plant regeneration. The differentially expressed genes(DEGs) at developmental transition points were analyzed using transcriptome sequencing. In the early embryogenesis stage, the cells expanded, which was the signal for gametophytes to switch to the sporophyte development pathway. RNA-seq revealed that when compared to the fresh unpollinated ovaries, there were 3,468 up-regulated genes in the embryos, including hormone signal transduction genes, hormone response genes, and stress-induced genes. The reported embryogenesis-related genesBBM, HSP90andAGLwere also actively expressed during this stage. In the embryo morphogenesis stage (from cell division to cotyledon-embryo formation), 480 genes that functioned in protein complex binding, microtubule binding, tetrapyrrole binding, tubulin binding and other microtubule activities were continuously up-regulated during the T1, T2, T3 and T4 time points. This indicated that the cytoskeleton structure was continuously being built and maintained by the action of microtubule-binding proteins and enzyme modification. In the shoot formation stage, 1,383 genes were up-regulated that were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylalanine metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism. These up-regualted genes included six transcription factors that contained a B3 domain, nine genes in the AP2/ERF family, and two genes encodingWUShomologous domain proteins.

Conclusions.

Evaluation of molecular gynogenesis events may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of cucumber ovarian culture.