bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Voyager's Record
Authors: Paulina Brelińska
Published: May 2018

Point of departure.

The exhibition "The Voyager's Record" refers to traveling as such a form of mobility, which results from the
internal need to see inaccessible, undiscovered, lost and mysterious places. Its title refers to the name of two
gold-plated disks - The Voyager Golden Record - which was placed in the 1970s on board of spacecraft
launched as part of the Voyager program. There were some specific recordings and photographs on these disks
that were supposed to show the life cycle of the human species on Earth to the extraterrestrial viewers. The
exhibition showing the latest works created by young artists figuratively refers to the untamed dreams of seeing
unknown lands and what is more the cosmos. Artists’ projects pay attention to the images and elements of
nature that interest them during their “expeditions” (expedition is translated as “mobility organized for a specific
purpose”). Such concept situates the artist in the position of a researcher/explorer who archives/documents
reality and nature for a specific purpose. These objects are deprived of the features of the “artifact” (translated as
“incorrect element of the scientific research result”). On the contrary, they become a specific scientific record
depicting life on Earth.

During the nineteenth century, when the ideological trend called romanticism was developing, the author of the
book “COSMOS. Alexander Humboldt's physical description of the world” noticed that nature is a constant
object of the discoverer's fascination. When observing the works of contemporary artists, the aforementioned
glorification of nature seems to be still super important. Humboldt wrote: "Children's joy at the sight of the
particular figures of the countries and the closed seas, as geographical cards show us; the desire to see the
constellations of the southern sky that are not on our firmament; images of palm and Lebanon cedars in the holy
scriptures; they are all things as an example cited, and which are capable of awakening in the young soul
unreasonable desire to see distant lands.”
1

The exhibition is a story about spiritual travels, as well as about feelings that accompany the search for one's
own nature. Staying in a state of suspension, properly distant from reality, very credible memorabilia arise -
telling a lot about the Earth itself. However, it is not so much its scientific portrait that is important but the
presentation of our planet from the perspective of the internal experiences of its inhabitants.

Paulina Brelińska
El clima organizacional como estrategia de mejora en una organización / The organizational climate as an improvement strategy in an organization
Authors: Brito Laredo Janette
Published: May 2018

El clima organizacional es uno de los temas más estudiados debido a la importancia que representa para las empresas que buscan constantemente identificar oportunidades para mejorar e intervenir en su desarrollo. En tal sentido, el objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en diagnosticar del clima organizacional de una empresa perteneciente al ramo de la maquiladora en Baja California. El método empleado fue el modelo de desarrollo organizacional del ciclo continuo propuesto por Nadler, mediante la aplicación de las etapas necesarias para un correcto proceso de intervención (planeación, recopilación de información y seguimiento). Para recolectar la información se utilizó un cuestionario diseñado ex profeso, que evaluó catorce variables del clima organizacional, las cuales midieron la percepción de los individuos. Esto sirvió para constituir una explicación valorativa de la experiencia organizacional de los empleados. Entre los resultados más destacados se identificaron algunas de las fortalezas de la empresa, de las cuales sobresalen las siguientes variables: filosofía y valores, objetivos, funciones y responsabilidades, e innovación y creatividad. Por otra parte, en cuanto a las áreas de oportunidad de la empresa, se destacaron las variables de colaboración y trabajo en equipo, estilo de liderazgo, comunicación y estrés en el trabajo. Finalmente, se presentan propuestas de mejora mediante procesos de intervención que la empresa puede implementar; esto con el fin de proponer cursos de acción para mejorar su desempeño, así como estrategias de cambio para optimizar su clima organizacional.
Dilemmas of Inclusion
Authors: Dancygier Rafaela M.
Published: May 2018

As Europe's Muslim communities continue to grow, so does their impact on electoral politics and the potential for inclusion dilemmas. In vote-rich enclaves, Muslim views on religion, tradition, and gender roles can deviate sharply from those of the majority electorate, generating severe trade-offs for parties seeking to broaden their coalitions. This book explains when and why European political parties include Muslim candidates and voters, revealing that the ways in which parties recruit this new electorate can have lasting consequences. The book sheds new light on when minority recruitment will match up with existing party positions and uphold electoral alignments and when it will undermine party brands and shake up party systems. It demonstrates that when parties are seduced by the quick delivery of ethno-religious bloc votes, they undercut their ideological coherence, fail to establish programmatic linkages with Muslim voters, and miss their opportunity to build cross-ethnic, class-based coalitions. The book highlights how the politics of minority inclusion can become a testing ground for parties, showing just how far their commitments to equality and diversity will take them when push comes to electoral shove. Providing a unified theoretical framework for understanding the causes and consequences of minority political incorporation, and especially as these pertain to European Muslim populations, the book advances our knowledge about how ethnic and religious diversity reshapes domestic politics in today's democracies.
Conflicts in the organization: the generation gap
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of  Economics and Management, Chistyakova Darya Pavlovna
Published: May 2018

The study discusses the organizational conflicts in terms of generational problems. The importance of studying this aspect is highlighted with regard to understanding the human potential as a key asset of a prosperous organization. The concept of conflict in the organization is considered, and its inevitability is justified. Besides, the author presents the evolved views of scientists having led to the identification of the constructive functions of conflict. The main points of contention in the organization are revealed as well. It is proved that the generation gap makes it possible to study the nature of social and psychological conflicts, identify the underlying causes of conflicts in the workplace, in particular due to the disparities in labor values. Modern generations involved in labor activity are analyzed, their basic labor characteristics are examined. Recommendations have been developed based thereon to prevent generational conflicts in order to increase the efficiency of the organization as a whole.
Psychological representation of life space: understanding and unit of analysis
Authors:   Russian Academy of Education, Panyukova Yulia Gennadievna , Bolaeva Gerel Baatrovna ,   Russian State Agrarian University
Published: May 2018

The study reveals the features of theoretical understanding of life space phenomenon and interpretations of this construct in modern Russian psychology. The scope of domestic research in this field is determined. However, the international studies into this issue refer to environmental psychology. The basic units of analysis (formal, dynamic, and substantial ones) are identified. The focus is on the psychologically relevant aspects of interpreting the representation of life space. In the authors’ opinion, the psychologically relevant formal and dynamic features of life space representation include dimension (simple/complex), structure (homogeneous/multidimensional), and dynamics (dynamic/static). The substantive features involve self-reliance, emotional state, “benevolence/hostility” of the world, and “activity/inactivity” of an actor. Further research development implies the analysis of the relationship between the psychological well-being of actors and the features of their life space representation.
Professional motivation of comprehensive school teachers
Authors:   Baikal State University, Kozhevina Anna Pavlovna , Dubrovina Svetlana Valerievna ,   Irkutsk State Medical University of  the Ministry of Healthcare of  the Russian Federation
Published: May 2018

The authors present the results of the original research on the professional motivation of comprehensive school teachers. The study reveals that the level of motivation to achieve the goal and success of the majority of teachers is moderately high. The leading motivation guidelines are represented by the focus on power and money. Career aspirations and the need to achieve high social status and respect are the leading motives to work. Instrumental and economic types of work motivation are the dominant ones. Teachers of the instrumental type prefer to meet the challenges in the range of average and higher complexity while teachers of the economic type focus on material benefits rather than job content. It is concluded that the research findings based on the authors’ methodical toolkit will help school administration identify the priorities for enhancing teachers’ professional motivation.
The possibilities of psychodrama in the correction of the child’s interpersonal relations in the rehabilitation center
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Shelshakova Natalia Nikolaevna
Published: May 2018

The study discusses the possibilities of using psychodrama techniques when correcting interpersonal relationships in children from social risk families in the rehabilitation center. To meet the primary diagnostic challenges, the following research methods were selected: the Masks test, the Secret sociometric game, the Mittens (Rukavichki) technique, and the Subjective Evaluation of the Child’s Interpersonal Relations approach. In order to correct the interpersonal relations, a series of exercises based on psychodrama techniques were developed and implemented. The classes were formed according to the stages of psychodrama: warming-up, activity, and sharing one’s feelings. As a result, the number of favorable status categories in a group of children at social risk has risen, the level of well-being in group relationship has increased, the behavioral motives have become the activity-based ones, and the interest in a peer as an activity partner has appeared.
The relationship between psychological well-being and life space representation: gender and age peculiarities
Authors:   Russian State Agrarian University, Bolaeva Gerel Baatrovna
Published: May 2018

The study presents the empirical research results describing the relationship between psychological well-being and representation of life space. In the context of environmental psychology methods, the author analyzes the relations between the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being and the features of life space representation. The theoretical analysis of the issue highlights the formal and dynamic and the substantive features of representation presented in verbal, figurative and graphics units of analysis. The research compares the psychological well-being with the features of life space representation in different age and sex groups. The differences between the content and structural features of this relationship in such groups are detected. The study reveals the universal relationships of scales of psychological well-being with the features of life space representation which are typical for all groups of respondents and variable relationships which are common to particular groups of respondents.
TV INFOTAINMENT - A CASE STUDY: “ROMANIA DE LA A LA Z”
Authors: BOGDAN Rada
Published: May 2018

TV infotainment, a case study: Romania de la A la Z. The hypothesis of this study is that the XXI century has redefined journalism by the subjectivity with which several topics of national interest are addressed. The grounded principles of journalism are considerably losing their importance, converging to entertainment. We shall approach the problem of genre hybridization within the televisual press, insisting upon the emergent forms of news magazine proposed by some of the Romanian shows, especially the one hosted by Sabin Gherman on the Look TV channel. Hence, this case study plans to emphasize the conjunction of a serious genre (news magazine) with a non-serious one (satire), attempting to define an “ongoing journalistic genre“(infotainment).
REZUMAT. Infotainment televizat, un studiu de caz: Romania de la A la Z. Ipoteza acestui studiu este aceea că secolul XXI a redefinit jurnalismul prin subiectivitatea cu care se tratează subiecte de interes național, iar principiile de bază, „serioase” ale jurnalismului își pierd considerabil din importanță, alunecând spre divertisment. Vom aborda problematica hibridării genurilor în presa televizată, insistând asupra formelor emergente de revistă a presei propuse de unele emisiuni românești, în special cea prezentată de Sabin Gherman pe canalul Look TV. Astfel, studiul de caz efectuat își propune să evidențieze îmbinarea unui gen serios (cel al revistei presei) cu unul nonserios (satira), în încercarea de a defini un gen jurnalistic „în mișcare” (infotainment).
Cuvinte-cheie: revista presei, jurnalism de comedie, satiră, gen mediatic, hibridare, divertisment.
INDICES D’ORALITÉ ET LEUR FONCTIONNEMENT DANS DES PRODUCTIONS ÉCRITES EN PORTUGAIS DE LYCÉENS MOZAMBICAINS: ÉTUDE DE CAS
Authors: FUMO Paulino Paulo
Published: May 2018

Oral markers and their functions in Portuguese written texts of Mozambican secondary school students – a case study. The aim of this article is to study oral markers in texts written by Mozambican secondary school students. The goal is to see how oral discourse interferes in writing and its role in textual structure and meaning. Recent studies emphasize the differences between oral and written language, as well on miscegenation, taking into account communicational settings, textual codification (formal, informal, familiar) and discourse variations. The analysed corpus contains several oral traits: colloquial expressions, lexical choices, fixed sentences, interpellations, sound-spelling relations, repetitions, deictic expressions, ellipsis. Four categories are analysed in this paper: plurality of utterances, colloquial expressions, traces of interlocutors and the relationship sound versus spelling. We focus on the importance of the oral features in textual structure and textual meaning, taking into account the communicative intention of the students when writing the texts and the sociocultural context surrounding their production.
REZUMAT. Mărci ale oralității și funcții ale acestora în texte scrise în limba portugheză de către elevi de liceu mozambicani: studiu de caz. Obiectivul acestui text este studierea mărcilor de oralitate în texte scrise de elevi de liceu mozambicani. Ne propunem să vedem cum discursul oral interferează în textul scris și rolul oralității configuarea structurii și a sensului textual. Studii recente subliniaza diferențele între discursul oral și cel scris, precum și caracterul mixt, având în vedere cadrul comunicațional, codificarea textuală (formală, informală, familiară) și variațiile discursive. Corpusul analizat conține mai multe trăsături ale oralității: expresii colocviale, alegeri lexicale, propoziții fixe, interpelări, relații între sunet și grafie, repetiții, expresii deictice, structuri eliptice. Analizăm patru categorii în acest articol: pluralitatea enunțurilor, expresiile colocviale, mărci ale interlocutorului, relația sunet-grafie. Ne concentrăm asupra importanței trăsăturilor orale în configurarea structurii și sensulului textual, ținând seama de intenția comunicativă a studenților când redactează textele și de contextul sociocultural în care acestea sunt produse.
Cuvinte cheie: oralitate, scris, lexicon, structură sintactică, text.
TREINO DA ORALIDADE NA AULA DE PLE: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA COM CONVERSAS ORAIS INFORMAIS NO NÍVEL A
Authors: DUARTE Isabel Margarida , CARVALHO Ângela
Published: May 2018

Spoken language training in Portuguese as a Foreign Language class: an informal conversation experience at level A. The starting point of this paper are difficulties in listening in Portuguese as a Foreign/Second Language classes, especially at beginner levels. Using previous research carried out at the MA in Portuguese as Second/ Foreign Language at University of Oporto, we identified some barriers in listening. Difficulties stem either from characteristics of informal conversation or from particularities of European Portuguese. We selected transcribed informal conversations, whose topic is adequate to A level classes. Then we isolated some possible obstacles in understanding informal conversations that we consider feasible for this level of proficiency. To test the hypotheses formulated, a non-real but plausible conversation was produced, using some of the structures taken from the transcriptions of the oral corpus.
REZUMAT. Exersarea oralității în cursurile de portugheză ca limbă străină: un experiment cu conversații informale la nivelul A. Punctul de plecare al acestei lucrări îl constituie dificultățile în înțelegerea după ascultare în cadrul cursurilor de portugheză ca limbă străină/nematernă, în special la nivel de începători. Folosind cercetări anterioare făcute în cadrul masteratului Portugheză ca Limbă Nematernă/ Străină de la Universitatea din Porto, am identificat câteva bariere în înțelegerea mesajului oral. Dificultățile au drept origine fie caracteristicile conversației informale, fie trăsături ale portughezei europene. Am selectat transcrieri de coversații informale cu subiecte adecvate cursurilor de nivel A. Apoi am izolat câteva posibile obstacole în înțelegerea conversațiilor informale considerate fezabile pentru acest nivel de limbă. Pentru a testa ipotezele formulate, am produs o conversație non-autentică, dar plauzibilă, folosind structuri din transcrierile de corspus oral.
Cuvinte cheie: portugheza ca limbă străină; conversații informale; materiale autentice; materiale plauzibile, înţelegere orală; interacţiune orală.
L’ÉLABORATION CONCEPTUELLE AUX NIVEAUX MICRO ET MÉSO DANS LES INTERACTIONS EN CLASSE BILINGUE
Authors: VUKSANOVIĆ Ivana , GROBET Anne
Published: May 2018

Construction of concepts at micro and meso level in bilingual classroom interactions. In adopting an approach called multilingualism and cognition in discourse practices (Gajo 2014: 139), which brings together discourse analysis (Roulet et al. 1985; Roulet, Filliettaz & Grobet 2001), conversational analysis (Gülich & Mondada 2001) and research on multilingualism (Coste 1994; Gajo et al. 2008), this paper aims to describe specific features of the knowledge construction process in bilingual classroom interaction, on the basis of an analysis of the data collected in three bilingual classrooms and two subject disciplines (biology and history). The analysis will be undertaken at the micro and meso interactional level: the former focuses on the local, in situ organization of interaction and the later helps highlighting sequential organization of interaction and the relationship between planned and emergent didactic tasks and discourse activities. Since the relationship between planned and emergent aspects of knowledge in bilingual classroom is strongly affected by linguistic resources and their opacity (knowledge is constructed in a foreign language), the paper will concentrate on analyzing the relevance degree of language thematization, linguistic negotiation and metalinguistic activities in knowledge construction process.
REZUMAT. Elaborarea conceptuală la nivel micro și meso în interacțiuni din clase bilingve. Adoptând abordarea numită multilingvism și cogniție în practici discursive (Gajo 2014: 139), ce reunește analiza discursului (Roulet et al. 1985; Roulet, Filliettaz & Grobet 2001), analiza conversației (Gülich & Mondada 2001) și cercetări despre multilingvism (Coste 1994; Gajo et al. 2008), această lucrare își propune să descrie trăsături specifice ale procesului de elaborare a cunoștințelor în interacțiuni din clase bilingve. Studiul pornește de la un corpus constituit din interacțiuni din trei clase bilingve la două discipline, biologie și istorie. Analiza e efectuată la nivel interacțional micro și meso: primul se concentrează asupra organizării locale, in situ, a inteacțiunii, iar cel de-al doilea evidențiază organizarea secvențială a interacțiunii, precum și relația dintre sarcini planificate sau spontane și activitățile discursive. Având în vedere că în clasele bilingve relația dintre aspectele emergente și planificate ale cunoașterii este puternic afectată de resursele lingvistice și de opacitatea acestora (cunoștințele se construiesc într-o limbă străină), articolul se concentrează asupra gradului de relevanță a tematizării lingvistice, a negocierii lingvistice și a activităților metalingvistice în procesul de construire a cunoașterii.
Cuvinte cheie: construirea cunoașterii, rețea conceptuală, educație bilingvă, nivel de analiză interacțională micro și meso, code switching, cunoștințe lingvistice și despre subiect.
"JE TE RACONTE PAS! VRAIMENT C’EST…" DES CONSTRUCTIONS COURTES! ENTRE ORAL « AUTHENTIQUE » ET FICTIONNEL, IDENTIFICATION DE CERTAINES UNITÉS LANGAGIÈRES
Authors: TESTON-BONNARD Sandra
Published: May 2018

Je te raconte pas! vraiment c’est… short constructions. Between authentic and fictional spoken language, identifying some language units. The aim of this paper is to analyse a very frequent phenomenon in both spoken and written French: grammatically unfinished utterances. From a micro-syntactical point of view, these constructions lack a syntactic structure that one might expect from “finished” utterances. Using a two module syntactic approach (Deulofeu, 2009) – micro and macro syntax –, we argue that it is possible to interpret many of these constructions as macro-syntactic nuclei, that is autonomous structures, communicatively self-sufficient (Blanche-Benveniste, Bilger, Rouget, van den Eynde et Mertens, 1990: 112-114). Most of the times, interlocutors don’t mind the shortenings and accept the incompleteness of these constructions as it is. In these contexts autonomisation and recategorisation processes occur, as the lack of context would not allow proper interpretation of these constructions as macro-syntactic nuclei.
REZUMAT. Je te raconte pas! vraiment c’est… construcții scurte. Între limba vorbită „autentică” și cea ficțională, despre identificarea unor unități lingvistice. Această lucrare își propune să analizeze un fenomen foarte frecvent întâlnit în franceza vorbită și în cea scrisă: enunțurile neterminate din punct de vedere gramatical. La nivel micro-sintactic, aceste construcții nu au o structură sintactică pe care vorbitorii se așteaptă să o găsească în enunțurile „terminate”. Folosind o abordare sintactică bimodulară (Deulofeu, 2009) – micro și macro sintaxă –, susținem că e posibil să interpretăm aceste conscrucții drept nuclee macro-sintactice, adică structuri autonome, autosuficiente din punct de vedere comunicațional (Blanche-Benveniste, Bilger, Rouget, van den Eynde et Mertens, 1990: 112-114). De cele mai multe ori, interlocutorii nu sunt deranjați de structurile absente și acceptă construcția incompletă ca atare. În aceste contexte, au loc procese de autonomizare și de recategorizare, deoarece în lipsa contextului interpretarea acestor construcții ca nuclee macro-sintactice nu ar fi posibilă.
Cuvinte cheie: micro-sintaxă, macro-sintaxă, enunțuri neterminate, nucleu macro-sintactic, franceză vorbită.
"ALORS" EST-IL UN MARQUEUR DE THÉMATISATION DISCURSIVE?
Authors: PĂUNESCU Marina-Oltea
Published: May 2018

Could alors be a marker of discursive thematization? The article considers a particular case in the usage of “alors”, aiming to show that this lexeme has, in colloquial French, an original function. It cannot be transferred to any other type of formal marker – and a specific one –, while also activating the inherent anaphoric dimension of its semantics. Thus, “alors” has the particularity of linking the discursive sequence it precedes to a previous question. The anaphorization works, therefore, at the dialogical level (Q alors R), and not at the propositional level (q alors p). This confirms the problematological essence of the discourse while also emphasizing its (implicit or explicit) structural questions.
REZUMAT. Să fie oare alors o marcă de tematizare discursivă? Articolul ia în calcul un caz particular de utilizare al lui « alors », cu intenţia de a arăta că acest lexem are, în franceza colocvială, o funcţionare originală. Aceasta nu poate fi transferată asupra niciunui alt tip de marcă formală – şi specifică – în măsura în care activează dimensiunea anaforică inerentă semantismului său. Astfel, « alors » are particularitatea de a pune în legătură secvenţa discursivă pe care o prefaţează cu o întrebare prealabilă. Anaforizarea funcţionează prin urmare la nivel dialogic (Q alors/deci R), şi nu propoziţional (q alors/deci p), confirmând esenţa problematologică a discursului şi atrăgând atenţia asupra întrebărilor (implicite sau explicite) care-l structurează.
Cuvinte cheie: alors, problemă (întrebare), problematică, D-temă.
Persepsi kegunaan pengelolaan arsip digital menggunakan SIKD (sistem informasi kearsipan dinamis)
Authors: Tjiptasari Fitriana
Published: May 2018

The development of information technology has provided many changes in all aspects of online and offline life. This development requires the readiness of all lines to adjust to the needs of the changes, which are to support the realization of good government administration and the improvement of the quality of public services. This study aimed to determine the perceived usefulness of digital archive management using Dinamic Filing Information Systems (SIKD). The study used a descriptive quantitative approach. Data collection technique used questionnaires and was measured using the Likert scale. The instrument validity test used logical validity with expert judgment; reliability was measured using the Alpha Cronbach formula with coefficient value 0.796. Subjects of the study were a total of 19 educational staff of the Faculty of Education Yogyakarta State University. The result revealed that 78.9% of respondents claimed that Dinamic Filing Information Systems (SIKD) improved their performance. 94.8% of respondents stated that SIKD improved user productivity, and all respondents acknowledged that their perfomance increased due to the use of SIKD. Thus, SIKD provides the performance of an archive information system which is useful for archive management in Faculty of Education Yogyakarta State University and users are satisfied with this SIKD.
Ares y Dionisos: Discurso político y poesía trágica en Fenicias de Eurípides
Authors: López Saiz Brenda
Published: May 2018

En este trabajo, proponemos que en Fenicias de Eurípides se realiza una reflexión meta-dramática a partir de la oposición entre dos campos semánticos: por una parte, la guerra y la discordia, el poder político, el interés individual y el discurso público asociado a prácticas “sofísticas”; por otra, la paz y la concordia entre los miembros de la comunidad, los vínculos de philía, el bien colectivo y la mousiké coral, objeto a su vez de pasajes auto-referenciales. A través de ella, nos parece que la obra se plantea críticamente ante la situación política y bélica que Atenas enfrenta alrededor de 411-409 a.C –periodo en que se sitúa con mayor probabilidad su representación– y, a la vez, realiza una reflexión acerca de la función social de la poesía trágica, oponiéndola a las  nuevas formas discursivas que, codificadas y enseñadas por los “sofistas”, se imponen en el ámbito público ateniense.

Este trabajo se inscribe en el proyecto Fondecyt de Iniciación N°11140911, dedicado al estudio de la producción tardía de Eurípides.
Oralidad y escritura en el diálogo platónico
Authors: Verano Liaño Rodrigo
Published: May 2018

Este artículo aborda la relación entre oralidad y escritura que se da en los diálogos platónicos, desde una perspectiva lingüística. Con auxilio del marco proporcionado por los nuevos enfoques para el estudio de los ejes hablado y escrito de la lengua, se propone un modelo de análisis del diálogo platónico en sintonía con las dos situaciones comunicativas que constituyen, respectivamente, el proceso de emisión y recepción de la obra, y la ficción literaria. Se aporta como estudio de caso el análisis de las aposiciones parafrásticas en La República, construcción que se alinea entre los fenómenos que admiten una mejor explicación si se relacionan con la impronta oral del texto.
Simulation of spatial diffusion of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate beads by use of an agarose gelatin tissue phantom
Authors: Phillips Heidi , Maxwell Elizabeth A. , Schaeffer David J. , Fan Timothy M.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE To characterize spatial release of platinum from carboplatin-impregnated calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CI-CSH) beads by use of an agarose tissue phantom.

SAMPLE 3-mm-diameter beads (n = 60) containing 4.6 mg of carboplatin (2.4 mg of platinum)/bead.

PROCEDURES 18 L of 1% agarose was prepared and poured into 36 containers (10 × 10 × 10 cm), each of which was filled half full (0.5 L/container). After the agarose solidified, 1, 3, 6, or 10 CI-CSH beads were placed on the agar in defined patterns. An additional 36 blocks of agar (0.5 L/block) were placed atop the beads, positioning the beads in the center of 1 L of agar. The experiment was replicated 3 times for each bead pattern for 24, 48, and 72 hours. At these times, representative agarose blocks were sectioned in the x-, y-, and z-planes and labeled in accordance with their positions in shells radiating 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 cm from the center of the blocks. Agarose from each shell was homogenized, and a sample was submitted for platinum analysis by use of inductively coupled plasma–mass spectroscopy.

RESULTS Platinum diffused from CI-CSH beads at predicted anticancer cytotoxic concentrations for 2 to 5 cm.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results provided information regarding the spatial distribution of platinum expected to occur in vivo. Agarose may be used as a diffusion model, mimicking the characteristics of subcutaneous tissues. Measured platinum concentrations might be used to guide patterns for implantation of CI-CSH beads in animals with susceptible neoplasms.
Effects of three fentanyl plasma concentrations on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis)
Authors: Hawkins Michelle G. , Pascoe Peter J. , DiMaio Knych Heather K. , Drazenovich Tracy L. , Kass Philip H. , Sanchez-Migallon Guzman David
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine effects of 3 plasma concentrations of fentanyl on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MACiso) and cardiovascular variables in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).

ANIMALS 6 adult parrots.

PROCEDURES In phase 1, anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane; intermittent positive-pressure ventilation was provided. The MACiso was determined for each bird by use of a bracketing method and supramaximal electrical stimulus. Fentanyl (20 μg/kg) was administered IV, and blood samples were collected over time to measure plasma fentanyl concentrations for pharmacokinetic calculations. In phase 2, pharmacokinetic values for individual birds were used for administration of fentanyl to achieve target plasma concentrations of 8, 16, and 32 ng/mL. At each concentration, MACiso and cardiovascular variables were determined. Data were analyzed with mixed-effects multilevel linear regression analysis.

RESULTS Mean ± SD fentanyl plasma concentrations were 0 ng/mL, 5.01 ± 1.53 ng/mL, 12.12 ± 3.58 ng/mL, and 24.93 ± 4.13 ng/mL, and MACiso values were 2.09 ± 0.17%, 1.45 ± 0.32%, 1.34 ± 0.31%, and 0.95 ± 0.14% for fentanyl target concentrations of 0, 8, 16, and 32 ng/mL, respectively. Fentanyl significantly decreased MACiso in a dose-dependent manner. Heart rate and blood pressure significantly decreased at all fentanyl doses, compared with values for MACiso at 0 ng of fentanyl/mL.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Fentanyl significantly decreased the MACiso in healthy Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, but this was accompanied by a depressive effect on heart rate and blood pressure that would need to be considered for application of this technique in clinical settings.
Pharmacokinetics of fentanyl after intravenous administration in isoflurane-anesthetized red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) and Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis)
Authors: Pascoe Peter J. , Pypendop Bruno H. , Pavez Phillips Juan C. , DiMaio Knych Heather K. , Sanchez-Migallon Guzman David , Hawkins Michelle G.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE To compare the disposition of fentanyl citrate after a single IV injection in isoflurane-anesthetized red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) and Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis).

ANIMALS 6 adult red-tailed hawks and 6 adult Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.

PROCEDURES Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane; intermittent positive-pressure ventilation was provided. The minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane was determined for each bird by use of the bracketing method and a supramaximal electrical stimulus. Fentanyl (20 μg/kg) was administered IV. Arterial (red-tailed hawks) or jugular venous (Hispaniolan Amazon parrots) blood samples were obtained immediately before and 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 480 minutes (red-tailed hawks) and 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes (Hispaniolan Amazon parrots) after fentanyl administration.

RESULTS A 3-compartment and a 2-compartment model best described fentanyl pharmacokinetics in red-tailed hawks and Hispaniolan Amazon parrots, respectively. Median apparent volume of the central compartment and volume of distribution at steady state were 222 mL/kg and 987 mL/kg, respectively, for the red-tailed hawks and 5,108 mL/kg and 13,079 mL/kg, respectively, for the Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. Median clearance and elimination half-life were 8.9 mL/min/kg and 90.22 minutes, respectively, for the red-tailed hawks and 198.8 mL/min/kg and 51.18 minutes, respectively, for the Hispaniolan Amazon parrots.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Pharmacokinetic results for fentanyl in isoflurane-anesthetized red-tailed hawks and Hispaniolan Amazon parrots indicated large differences and should strongly discourage extrapolation of doses between these 2 species.
Comparison of ultrasound-guided and landmark-based techniques for central venous catheterization via the external jugular vein in healthy anesthetized dogs
Authors: Hundley Danielle M. , Brooks Aimee C. , Thomovsky Elizabeth J. , Johnson Paula A. , Freeman Lynetta J. , Schafbuch Ryan M. , Heng Hock Gan , Moore George E.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE To compare time to achieve vascular access (TTVA) between an ultrasound-guided technique (UST) and landmark-based technique (LMT) for central venous catheter (CVC) placement in healthy anesthetized dogs.

ANIMALS 39 purpose-bred hounds.

PROCEDURES Anesthetized dogs that were hemodynamically stable following completion of a terminal surgical exercise were enrolled in the study during 2 phases, with a 45-day intermission between phases. For each dog, a UST and LMT were used for CVC placement via each external jugular vein by 2 operators (criticalist and resident). The TTVA and number of venipuncture attempts and catheter redirections were recorded for each catheterization. Placement of the CVC was confirmed by contrast fluoroscopy. After euthanasia, a gross dissection was performed during which a hematoma score was assigned to the catheter insertion site. For each phase, nonlinear least squares estimation was used for learning curve analysis of the UST.

RESULTS Median TTVA, number of venipuncture attempts and catheter redirections, and hematoma score did not differ significantly between the 2 operators for either technique. Median TTVA for the UST (45 seconds) was significantly longer than that for the LMT (7 seconds). Learning curve analysis indicated that 8 and 7 UST catheterizations were required to achieve performance stability in phases 1 and 2, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that the UST was comparable to the LMT for CVC placement in healthy dogs. The extra time required to perform the UST was not clinically relevant. Additional studies evaluating the UST for CVC placement in clinically ill dogs are warranted.
Quantification and prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand-1 expression in dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Ambrosius Lisbeth A. , Dhawan Deepika , Ramos-Vara José A. , Ruple Audrey , Knapp Deborah W. , Childress Michael O.
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE To measure programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) mRNA expression in archived primary nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) specimens of dogs and determine whether that expression was associated with progression-free survival time (PFST).

SAMPLE Archived tumoral lymph node specimens from 42 dogs with DLBCL and lymph node specimens from 10 healthy dogs (controls).

PROCEDURES Archived tumoral and control lymph node specimens underwent multiplex qPCR analysis with probes and primers against canine PD-L1 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (housekeeping gene) to determine PD-L1 mRNA expression. The 2−ΔΔCt method was used to calculate the fold change in PD-L1 expression in DLBCL specimens relative to that in control lymph nodes. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to evaluate the association of various tumoral and clinical factors with PFST.

RESULTS The fold change in PD-L1 mRNA expression in DLBCL specimens relative to control specimens ranged from 0.21 to 7.44. Twenty-one of 42 (50%) DLBCL specimens had a PD-L1-fold change > 1, which suggested PD-L1 was overexpressed in those specimens. Median PFST was 249 days for dogs with DLBCL. The PFST was not associated with PD-L1 mRNA expression but was associated with thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis (hazard ratio, 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.28 to 5.15).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that tumoral PD-L1 mRNA expression varied among dogs with DLBCL and that PD-L1 MRNA was overexpressed in half the study population. Therefore, anti–PD-L1 therapies may be clinically beneficial for some dogs with DLBCL.
Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin following single-dose subcutaneous injection in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)
Authors: Eshar David , Wright Louden T. , McCullough Christina E. , Kukanich Butch
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE To determine plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin following single-dose SC administration to black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus).

ANIMALS 8 captive healthy 6-month-old sexually intact male black-tailed prairie dogs.

PROCEDURES Enrofloxacin (20 mg/kg) was administered SC once to 6 prairie dogs and IV once to 2 prairie dogs. A blood sample was collected from each animal immediately before (0 hours) and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Plasma enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations were quantified with ultraperformance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed.

RESULTS Enrofloxacin was biotransformed to ciprofloxacin in the prairie dogs used in the study. For total fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin), the mean (range) of peak plasma concentration, time to maximum plasma concentration, and terminal half-life after SC administration were 4.90 μg/mL (3.44 to 6.08 μg/mL), 1.59 hours (0.5 to 2.00 hours), and 4.63 hours (4.02 to 5.20 hours), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that administration of enrofloxacin (20 mg/kg, SC, q 24 h) in black-tailed prairie dogs may be appropriate for treatment of infections with bacteria for which the minimum inhibitory concentration of enrofloxacin is ≤ 0.5 μg/mL. However, clinical studies are needed to determine efficacy of such enrofloxacin treatment.
Performance Motivation of Bratislava University Students
Authors: Šmela Pavel , Pačesová Petra , Kraček Stanislav , Halačová Nina
Published: May 2018

The aim of the Study was to broaden the findings regarding the performance motivation of the students of the universities in Bratislava segmented according to university type. The research sample comprised 248 undergraduates (males: n = 141; 22.40 years of age ± 1.62 and females: n = 107; 21.78 years of age ± 1.49). A standardised performance motivation questionnaire (PMQ) was used to measure performance motivation (Pardel, Maršálová & Hrabovská 1992). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate data normality, while the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test were used to test the significance of the differences between individual independent selections. The results revealed significant differences in performance motivation (H(5) = 76.730, p = .000, η2 = .307), anxiety inhibiting performance (H(5) = 128.270, p = .000, η2 = .591) and anxiety supporting performance (H(5) = 95.754, p = .000, η2 = .331) among undergraduates of various types of schools. The students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Comenius University in Bratislava show significant differences (p < .001) in all of three dimensions of performance motivation in comparison with all of the other undergraduates segmented in accordance with various school types. Our findings can be explained by the more intensive sporting activity of the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University.
Exit School and its Outcomes on Health-Related Fitness
Authors: Zerf Mohammed , Hadjarkherfane Mohamed
Published: May 2018

School-based interventions are thought to be the most universally applicable and effective way to counteract low physical activity (PA) and fitness. Whereas Exit school it is not included.

Method: For purpose, this controlled study verified the effect of Leaving school on the health relate to fitness among the unschooled.

Results: Based on the validity of alpha health-related fitness test battery, the design of study and statistical processes applied within search limitation. Our results caution against school dropouts on levels of health relate to fitness among the unschooled. Admit in five motor abilities namely strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and coordinative abilities, according to present study. Reported in the benefit of student scholar as an active lifestyle.

Conclusion: our results recommended all the Algerian dropouts-students to know the overall impact of participating and being involved in outdoor sport activities, subjected in this study as getting positive effects regarding active lifestyle, which in turn helps dropouts-students, to achieve a health-enhancing level of physical fitness and preventing them from disorders like obesity, laziness and stress related to life and their complication. A truth that leads us to recommended our teachers to understand the benefits of outdoor education sport or pro-socials activities contents as part of young people's educational experiences, to structure their free time in beneficial activities, including recreation, academic and cultural enrichment, opportunities for pursuit of individual interests and volunteer activities, especially before being expelled from their school.
Intersubjectivity and the domains of social interaction: proposal of a cross-sectional approach
Authors: Stevanovic Melisa , Koski Sonja E.
Published: May 2018

Intersubjectivity is a concept central to human interaction, broadly understood as the sharing of minds. There is a rich diversity of conceptualizations of intersubjectivity, but detailed operationalization for its component processes in social interactions are scarce. We propose a novel approach to examine detailed variation in intersubjectivity in interaction. Our approach combines two previously formulated frameworks: the hierarchically organized developmental levels of intersubjectivity put forth in the field of developmental psychology, and three domains or orders of social interaction - affect, deontics, and epistemics - discussed in conversation analytic research literature. The interdisciplinary integration of these two frameworks allows a more crystallized view of intersubjectivity, which will benefit our understanding of the fine-scale social interaction processes as they vary in the course of the moment-to-moment unfolding of social action, across different stages of human social development, and between individuals belonging to different clinical groups and even to different species.
Avaliação do conhecimento sobre a bioequivalência dos fármacos em uma Universidade particular
Authors: Salles Amanda Caroline de Souza , Oliveira Brenda Ferreira de , Carvalho Matheus José Ferreira , Pereira Maury Luz , França Thayná Millena Nunes
Published: May 2018

A bioequivalência é definida pela ausência de diferença significativa na velocidade e extensão pela qual a substância ativa, presente em equivalentes ou alternativas farmacêuticas torna-se disponível no local de ação, quando administrado na mesma dose molar e sob condições similares em um estudo apropriadamente desenhado. É de suma importância avaliar o conhecimento das pessoas acerca deste assunto, haja vista que, no cotidiano, a bioequivalência dos fármacos é ignorada. Grande parte dos tratamentos com fármacos, inclusive a antibioticoterapia, não têm resultados efetivos devido à falta de informações dos pacientes. Neste sentido, este trabalho avaliou o conhecimento de homens e mulheres (funcionários, acadêmicos, professores e técnicos) sobre a bioequivalência dos fármacos. De acordo com os resultados previamente apresentados é possível concluir que a maioria das pessoas não sabe diferenciar medicamentos de referência, genéricos e similares. Homens e mulheres apresentam dificuldades para diferenciar embalagem de medicamento similar e de referência. O número de homens que compra medicamentos pela “qualidade” é menor em relação ao número de mulheres. Haja vista que em grande parte das perguntas, mulheres tiveram mais resultados positivos em relação ao conhecimento da bioequivalência dos fármacos, enquanto os homens entrevistados apresentaram mais resultados negativos em relação ao conhecimento da bioequivalência dos fármacos. Palavras-chave: Bioequivalência, Fármacos,Universidade Particular
Virulência de isolados clínicos de Candida tropicalis
Authors: Rocha Flaviane Maria Galvão , Rocha Carlos Henrique Lopes , Mendonça Aline Michelle Silva , Pereira Eduardo Willian De Alencar , Da Silva Francisco Marcelo Costa , Da Silva Amanda Romana Santos , Monteiro Silvio Gomes , Monteiro Cristina De Andrade
Published: May 2018

Resumo. Objetivos: verificar a produção enzimática e a capacidade de aderência e formação de biofilme em isolados clínicos de Candida tropicalis. Material e métodos: 14 isolados provenientes de amostras clínicas obtidas de um laboratório particular de São Luís- MA, foi realizada a identificação pelo sistema automatizado VITEK (bio Mérieux). Resultados: Todos os isolados foram aderentes ao vidro e a maioria apresentou aderência moderada, 42,9% foram positivas para proteinases, 78,6% para fosfolipases, com Pz variando de 0,47 a 0,9. Todos os isolados apresentaram atividade hemolítica em meio sólido e sete isolados mostraram IH ≥ 2.0. Conclusões: Os isolados de Candida tropicalis avaliados foram capazes de aderir a superfícies inertes com padrões distintos de organização celular, onde alguns destes tipos poderiam facilitar a formação de biofilmes por estas espécies, a propriedade de aderência não está diretamente relacionada ao sítio de infecção, mas provavelmente com fatores específicos destes microrganismos e com a resposta do hospedeiro.