bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lanscape Element Identification on Tourism Site Parking Area in Bengkulu City to Reducing Urban Temperature
Authors: Seftyarizki Debby , Nugroho Mohammad Nur Dita , Bahri Samsul
Published: February 2025

As an open space, parking area have potential to reducing the urban temperature in micro scale through its landscape elements, especially the softscape and vegetations. This study will identify the potential of 2 tourism parking areas in Bengkulu city in contributing to reducing urban temperature through their landscape elements arrangement. Site observation was conducted to collect all landscape physical elements, as well as vegetation (trees) dimension which then will be simulated through ecotect software to calculate the shadow area. Result of the study showed that landscape condition in both of parking area is in good condition but does not have the potential in reducing urban temperature. It can be happened because the shading area provided from the arrangement of big trees in both parking areas is still deficient. However, Pantai Panjang BIM parking area have a bigger chance in reducing urban temperature if some softscape elemenst were added and other hardscape elements were equipped to be a well design landscape for parking area.
Elemen-Elemen Lansekap Taman Ghairah dalam Bustanussalatin
Authors: Fakriah Nurul , Fadhil Muhammad Naufal
Published: February 2025

Bustanussalatin is a well-known work of Nuruddin Ar-Raniry, which contains detailed descriptions of a garden called Taman Ghairah. The manuscript was written in the seventeenth century in Aceh. This study aims to identify and enlist the landscape elements in Taman Ghairah, as mentioned in Bustanussalatin. The methods used in this study were content analysis of the copy of the Bustanussalatin manuscript and classified them according to the current knowledge of landscape architecture classification. The result shows that the landscape elements of Taman Ghairah, as written in Bustanussalatin, can be classified into soft elements, hard elements, and buildings. The findings of this research can be used as a reference for landscape design based on the history or locality in Aceh.
Perencanaan Lanskap Ekowisata Bendungan Karinga dengan Pendekatan Budaya Sumba Timur
Authors: Wulandari Desi Tri , Franjaya Eduwin Eko , Hutriani Ina Winiastuti
Published: February 2025

Ekowisata merupakan suatu kegiatan mengunjungi tempat-tempat yang masih alami dan belum tercemari atau terpengaruhi oleh aktivitas manusia, dengan tujuan untuk menikmati pemandangan alam, flora dan fauna, serta budaya masyarakat yang ada, baik dari masa lampau maupun masa kini. Mengacu pada Permendagri Nomor 33 Tahun 2009, bahwa di Sumba Timur terdapat wilayah yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan perwujudan pengembangan destinasi ekowisata yang menarik salah satunya, yaitu kawasan Bendungan Karinga berbasis budaya air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi serta masalah dalan perencanaan lanskap ekowisata pada Bendungan Karinga, menyusun konsep rencana, dan merencanakan lanskap ekowisata pada Bendungan Karinga dengan pendekatan budaya daerah Sumba Timur. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif – deskriptif Gold yang terdiri dari tahapan persiapan, inventarisasi, analisis, sintesis, dan perencanaan lanskap. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kawasan Bendungan Karinga memiliki kendala pada perekonomian masyarakat yang rendah, curah hujan yang rendah, tetapi memiliki potensi alam serta nilai budaya berbasis air. Konsep yang digunakan pada perencanaan lanskap ekowisata Bendungan Karinga yaitu li humba, tana marappu, li karinga. Konsep ini menekankan nilai penting masyarakat, budaya, dan lingkungan Sumba Timur. Perencanaan lanskap yang di olah terdapat  tiga rencana struktur untuk pusat kegiatan, yaitu : zona marappu wanno (penerima), zona li humba (budaya)  dan zona tana beri ina mu (konservasi).
Peningkatan Layanan Aplikasi Spotify Menggunakan Naïve Bayes
Authors: Wahyuni Era , Suhartana I Ketut Gede
Published: February 2025

Spotify merupakan platform yang menyediakan layanan untuk mendengarkan musik secara digital yang dapat diunduh melalui Google Play Store dan The App Store juga dapat diunduh untuk PC. Saat ini, Spotify memiliki 433 juta pengguna. Dengan banyaknya pengguna tentunya tidak terlepas dari review atau rating yang diberikan pada aplikasi Spotify yang juga akan berdampak pada platform. Untuk meningkatkan pelayanan menjadi lebih baik, review tersebut perlu ditinjau ulang agar pengguna lebih nyaman dalam menggunakan aplikasi. Melalui penelitian ini akan diketahui kinerja algoritma Naïve Bayes dalam melakukan analisis sentimen pada review pengguna aplikasi Spotify di Google Play Store. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai akurasi penggunaan Naïve Bayes sebesar 85% dari rasio 70:30 data training dan data testing menggunakan music dataset dari tanggal 1 Januari 2022 sampai dengan 9 Juli 2022, terdapat 61586 review dari pengguna yang diambil dari situs web Kaggle.
Authors: Dwi Putra I Made Paramadhika , Santiyasa I Wayan
Published: February 2025

Sejak pertama kali menyebarnya covid-19 di negara indonesia membuat perkembangan teknologi di indonesia memasuki era industri 4.0. dimana hal ini menyebabkan adanya perubahan dalam kebiasaan khususnya berbelanja dimana saat ini fenomena online shopping membuat pelanggan dengan mudah membeli barang ataupun jasa melalui mobile ataupun website sehingga perlahan menggantikan keberadaan pedagang konvesional. Akibatnya pelaku usaha UMKM di era digital ini memerlukan sebuah iinovasi yang tidak hanya menarik pelanggan baru namun juga dapat membuat pelanggan baru tersebut menjadi pelanggan tetap sehingga dapat meningkatkan retensi pelanggan selama masa pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan memperkenalkan sistem loyalti. Walaupun begitu, sistem loyalti yang ada saat ini masih memiliki kekurangan diantaranya sistem loyalti dengan kartu dimana pelanggan tidak dapat melihat poin yang sudah terkumpul, tidak adanya informasi lengkap mengenai benefit yang didapat, kurang beragamnya loyalti dan lain-lain. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis functional requirement aplikasi loyalti point agent app yang digunakan untuk mengenalkan sistem loyalti kepada pelanggan usaha UMKM. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Design Thinking dan hasil dari penelitian ini adalah rancangan desain UI/UX dari aplikasi loyalti point agent.
Authors: Yasa I Ketut Gede Udha Krisna , Dwidasmara Ida Bagus Gede , Arya Kadyanan I Gusti Agung Gede
Published: February 2025

Alat musik tradisional merupakan salah satu wujud representasi identitas budaya dari tiap-tiap daerah. Alat musik tradisional diciptakan dalam bentuk dan fungsi yang berbeda-beda dalam setiap penggunaannya. Kegiatan memainkan alat musik tradisional bagi masyarakat merupakan salah satu bentuk kesenian yang lahir dari dalam diri. Kesenian itu sendiri merupakan salah satu warisan budaya, yang lebih dikenal dengan kesenian daerah yang secara turun temurun diwariskan. Alat musik tradisional memiliki ciri khasnya masing-masing seperti contoh alat musik Kendang Bali. Kendang bali merupakan salah satu instrumen musik yang sangat erat kaitannya dengan seni karawitan. Seni karawitan secara singkat adalah seni suara dengan mengolah bunyi benda atau alat musik (instrumen) secara gamelan tradisional. Kendang dimainkan dengan cara ditepak menggunakan telapak tangan. Instrumen kendang termasuk ke dalam golongan madya, yang berfungsi sebagai pemimpin dari sebuah barungan gamelan. Di Bali instrumen kendang biasanya dimainkan secara berpasangan dan individu. Jika dimainkan secara berpasangan maka kendang itu dinamakan kendang lanang dan wadon. Di era yang serba digital seperti sekarang ini banyak masyarakat khususnya masyarakat Bali hanya sebatas mengenal istilah kendang bali tanpa mengetahui jenis atau makna lain yang terkandung di dalamnya. Seiring perkembangan zaman, banyak masyarakat yg lebih tertarik dengan alat musik modern sehingga alat musik tradisional perlahan mulai dilupakan.  Penggunaan ontologi sebagai teknik dokumentasi atau representasi ini menjadi solusi dalam permasalahan ini, Ontologi dalam web semantik adalah sebuah katalog dimana skema yang dibuat menggunakan ontologi. Ontologi diperlukan karena berguna untuk meningkatkan pengembangan aplikasi web semantic. Ontologi untuk warisan budaya daerah Bali, instrumen atau gamelan Bali khususnya Kendang Bali, dapat digunakan untuk mendokumentasikan dan merepresentasikan pengetahuan yang melingkupi domain Kendang Bali dan juga membuat pengetahuan tentang Kendang Bali tidak hanya secara tacit namun secara eksplisit.
Speed Performance Analysis of Big Data Processing with Micro Batching at the ETL Process for Event-Data
Authors: Pasuatmadi Putu Audi , Mahendra Ida Bagus Made
Published: February 2025

Speed performance in Big Data Processing is one of the key aspect of presenting a real-time data for a real-time analysis in various use cases. One of such data is an Event-Data or an Activity Data that is often used for making analysis and business decisions in real-time. This research focuses on analyzing the speed performance of Big Data Processing in the Load stage of Extract, Transform, Load using Micro-Batching. The speed performance is evaluated using Load-Testing with K6 and the configuration of 10 VUs and 10000 data. The Load-Testing results of the speed performance shows that implementing Micro-Batching results in 63.63% faster in performing all the request, 59.03% faster in HTTP Request Duration, and 62% faster in HTTP Request Waiting duration.
PENERAPAN MARKETING MIX UNIVERSITAS WIRARAJA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT MAHASISWA BARU
Authors: Wijaya Nur Qoudri
Published: February 2025

The development of science and technology requires people to make the changes so that they can keep abreast of the times. The role of knowledge is significant for any society that wants to improve its ability to follow the competitive rivalry in the multidimensional crisis. Thus, Wiraraja University as a Higher Education institution has a task that is noteasy, it needs a good management system. This is so that educational institutions become one of the services in the field of education that has contributed to the development of the Nation and State. This research aims to analyzes the factors supporting and inhibiting factors as well as the concept of Marketing Mix to increase interest in new students at the University Wiraraja Sumenep. This research is descriptive quantitative research, the technique used in data collection are interviews, observation, Documentation and the questionnaire.The results of the group of dataare analyzed using methodsForce Field Analysis. Marketing Mix in the University Wiraraja in an effort to increase student interest in new approaches 7 P yaituProduct (products), Price (price), people (human resources), Place (location / place), Promotion (promotion), Physical Evidence (Physical Infrastructure) , Proces (Service) has not run optimally. Need for strategy development to increase interest in new students, skill soft equip the students, increased educational qualifications for lecturers, do not raise the cost of education, the provision of entrepreneurial provision for students. And to increase the number of new students is required new student recruitment agency aims to increase the number of new students.
First-generation Latina college students’ reflections of Mexican immigrant parent engagement in their college-going experiences
Authors: Martinez-Cortes Janeth , Romo Harriett
Published: February 2025

This qualitative study examines how first-generation Latina undergraduate students perceive their Mexican immigrant parents’ engagement in their college experiences. Employing a community cultural wealth framework (Yosso, 2005), this study challenges deficit views on Mexican immigrant parent engagement in higher education. Through semi-structured interviews with first-generation Latina undergraduate college students at two Hispanic-Serving Institutions in South Central Texas, we analyze the consejos (advice) conveyed by Mexican immigrant parents to support their children’s college persistence and success. Findings revealed that these consejos were integral to the students’ persistence and resilience, as participants recognized their parents’ active role in fostering educational aspirations. Our analysis underscores the aspirational, familial, and resistant capital embedded in these messages, affirming the value of parental engagement in Latina students’ college journeys. We conclude with recommendations to enhance university programs to foster an inclusive and affirming campus climate for Latina/o/x students and their families.
Breaking Barriers by Enhancing Collaboration Between Schools, Communities, and Spanish-speaking Immigrant Parents
Authors: Batarse Aidee
Published: February 2025

There are barriers that interfere with parental involvement in their children's education in many schools in the U.S. However, additional barriers are often encountered by immigrant parents across our country. This investigation proposes practices that will better serve this population and reduce the barriers that affect their school engagement. One guiding question for this study is:  What actions could be implemented to foster more effective collaboration between schools, communities, and Spanish-speaking immigrant parents? The objective of this study was to create a proposal for school personnel and Spanish-speaking immigrant parents to collaborate more effectively in terms of their children's education. The theoretical framework was guided by Epstein’s (1987) overlapping spheres of influence theory and Epstein’s and Sheldon’s (2022) framework of the six types of involvement. These theories provided a solid foundation and guided this study to create a proposal on how to alleviate the barriers that immigrant parents face when trying to engage in their children's education. The methodology used a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach that examines the experiences of eight participants using semi-structured interviews. The proposed actions are directed at educators and administrators to improve immigrant parents' collaboration and promote a more inclusive and enriching educational environment, generating a positive impact on their children's education.
μ-Centralizers with Commutativity Results of Prime and Semiprime Γ-Rings
Authors: Ahmad Maalim Salam , Majeed Abdulrahman H.
Published: February 2025

Let A be a 2- torsion free prime Γ- ring, and L be a square closed Lie ideal of A i.e. xβx∈L for all x∈L and β∈Γ, suppose that  μ is an endomorphism of A, and  f  is a right μ- centralizer which is not the identity map on L, satisfying f([x, b]_γ )=〖∓[x,b]〗_γ ( or f(xδr)=∓xδr)  for all x,b∈L , γ∈Γ, then L⊆Z(A).
Investigating Rijndael-Based Algorithms for Audio Ciphering
Authors: Mohammed Sajaa G. , Al-Mothafar, Nuhad Salim
Published: February 2025

Voice encryption is crucial to protecting data during transmission and storage due to the widespread problem of document fabrication and forgery. Various methods have been used to protect important data, including encryption. Voice data encryption is a way to encrypt important messages within transmissions. Therefore, it needs a strong and efficient encryption algorithm, using the standard encryption algorithm known as Rijndeal. This method is reliable, secure and efficient, because the Rijndael algorithm is characterized by its key lengths and blocks of different sizes. The Rijndael algorithm is a method of decrypting audio files, making it a powerful tool for protecting sensitive information. This paper presents a method for encoding WAV audio files using the Rijndael algorithm that is compatible with many audio formats. This study converts audio data into a 256-bit audio sample that has been used to encode using the Rijndael algorithm, as this algorithm is known for its robustness and has won many awards. The working principle of this algorithm is to create multiple blocks with different sizes and keys (128 bits, 192 bits or 256 bits). The algorithm creates keys for the purpose of encryption, and they are combined into the audio files using the Rijndael algorithm and decrypted that has been noted as the return of the original text. The goal of this proposed methodology is to protect audio data from attacking people and reduce the chances of this data being disclosed. This methodology is used for the purpose of transferring, storing and keeping confidential audio files securely with security aspects. One of the most important features of this research is the strength of the encryption, which is represented by the Rigndael algorithm, which led to the file being broken and restored at a record rate of up to 100%. It also provides a cutting-edge and innovative methodology. For the purpose of securing, transmitting, storing and protecting audio data in all modern digital fields.
A Hybrid Model of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Methods to Detect Deepfake Videos
Authors: Alzurfi Noor K. , Altaei Mohammed S.
Published: February 2025

The deepfake videos were spread in the last few years and were created by different deepfake techniques (i.e., faceswap, face2face, etc.). These techniques have a terrible impact on society and would give anyone a chance to create videos with fake faces. The objective of this paper was to develop a model that detects deepfake videos to reduce their negative impact. Two hybrid models of machine learning and deep learning were proposed. The first model used a convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature extraction and different machine learning classifiers (support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), logistic regression, and naive bayes (NB)). In contrast, the second model used a transfer learning concept developed by the VGG16 (Visual Geometry Group) pre-trained model and the same machine learning classifiers as the first model. Both models were evaluated on the FaceForensics++ video dataset, which includes four different deepfake techniques (Deepfake, Faceswap, Face2Face, and Neuraltexture). The results showed good accuracy, which proved the effectiveness of the proposed models, which may be used as a detection deepfake application. While the first model can obtain the highest accuracy with the SVM classifier on the four deepfake techniques sequentially: 0.96, 0.87, 0.90, and 0.64. In contrast, the second model achieved the highest accuracy with the KNN classifier on Deepfake and Face Swap techniques: 0.95 and 0.91, and with SVM on Face2Face and Neural Texture techniques: 0.86 and 0.77.
Dehydrogenase, Cortisol, Dopamine, Zinc, and Vitamin D3 in Iraqi Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Mohammed Noor A. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Alabassi Hazima M.
Published: February 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) comprises a multiplex hormone-based disorder that is typically accompanied by several complications, including irregularity of menses, excessiveness of hair growth in face and body, acne, obesity, diminished fertility, and higher probability of developing diabetes. Many hormones and enzymes may undergo changes in PCOS patients. This study involved 138 women who were separated into two groups: PCOS women (n=90) with an age range of (22-45) years, and apparently healthy women (n=48) representing the control group with age being matched to the patient group. All patients attended to Al-Kadhimiya Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrical and Gynecology and diagnosed by a consultant physician. Following peripheral blood withdrawal (5 ml) from participants, serum was isolated and placed in an Eppendorf tube until used. ELISA kit was used to determine serum levels of some biochemical parameters (Lactate dehydrogenase, cortisol, dopamine, zinc, and vitamin D3). The results showed that LDH level was significantly elevated (P<0.0001) in PCOS patients (2.55±0.70) compared with the control (1.16±0.18). While, significantly lower levels of cortisol, dopamine, zinc and vit D3 (P<0.0001) were demonstrated in PCOS group (4.30±1.62, 48.45±26.27, 5.21±1.85 and 271.19±36.07, respectively), compared with the control (9.40±0.76, 252.52±47.47, 8.26±1.42, and 328.82±21.33, respectively). The study found an elevation in the serum level of LDH in PCOS patients compared to control, while cortisol, dopamine, zinc, and Vit D3 recorded a significant decrease in patients as compare to control.
ADASYN Oversampling and SGB Ensemble Algorithm for Migraine Classification
Authors: Hassoon Israa Mohammed
Published: February 2025

A migraine is a neurological disorder that causes severe headaches. Although it is not life-threatening, it greatly affects people's lives. Migraine classification is considered a complicated research area. Early detection and accurate classification help in determining the appropriate care, speeding recovery from the disease, and avoiding its effects. So, developing a migraine classification system is very necessary. The aim of this work is to suggest a migraine classification model based on a stochastic gradient-boosting ensemble algorithm. First, the dataset is pre-processed. Adaptive Synthetic (ADASYN) is used to balance a migraine dataset that contains seven groups of migraine patients. Twenty-three migraine attributes were extracted from 400 patients. The ANOVA feature selection method is applied to select the most relevant features. Four experiments have been carried out based on apply/not apply ADASYN or ANOVA. The SGB model is trained using the number of hyperparameter tunings used in the four experiments in order to improve model performance. The SGB model is evaluated in terms of precision, recall, f1-score, and accuracy. The results showed that SGB achieved outstanding outcomes in the fourth experiment when applying ADASYN and ANOVA. The model achieved 97.01% accuracy, 0.970905 precision, 0.966250 recall, and a 0.967278 f1-score.
Enhanced Medical Image Steganography Using Improved LSB With Conditional MSB Based on Color Vector Variety
Authors: Hassan Yasmin Alaa , Rahma Abdul Monem S.
Published: February 2025

Image steganography involves concealing various forms of information, such as text, images, or videos, within an existing image. The hidden data is embedded in a manner that remains imperceptible to human observers. In this paper, a stego image that successfully hides the secret information and renders it undetectable to others is created by embedding a hidden message into an original image. The secret message may be text (the doctor’s report of the patient’s case) or maybe a secret image (chest x-ray) or encrypted secret image to increase security and guarantee the patient’s privacy. The cover images may be brain, breast, and lung images. An enhanced LSB technique is introduced, incorporating common LSB and conditional MSB, with a focus on the lowest energy (blue channel) in the RGB spectrum. This approach aims to maintain image quality and imperceptibility. The innovation lies in strategically combining conditional MSB with the selective use of the blue channel, enhancing security. The method demonstrates superior concealment of secret information, surpassing conventional LSB techniques. Additionally, the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) reports a high value of 0.998, affirming the technique's success in concealing information while preserving image quality. Performance metrics show positive results due to minimal changes (2 LSB bits at most). The experiments demonstrated positive outcomes in comparison to prior studies in this field.
Extremism Detection in the Iraqi Dialect Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Sabri Redhaa Fadhil , Abdullah Nada A. Z.
Published: February 2025

Extremism detection is an important area of natural language processing (NLP). It is used to detect hate speech, sectarianism, and terrorism on social media. This field has been discussed and studied in many international languages, especially Arabic and English, as many studies touched on languages in particular, but dialects were not addressed even though users of social networking sites write in their dialect. One of the most difficult Arabic dialects is the Iraqi dialect. Because the Iraqi dialect has few sources on the Internet regarding available data that can be used by researchers, this research aims to detect extremism in Iraqi texts using machine learning. The data was pre-processed by deleting suffixes and prefixes for Iraqi words, deleting repeated letters in the word, and deleting Iraqi stop words. Pre-trained embedding as well as embedding using Gensim Word2vec and FastText were used to represent the words in the embedding step. Also, four learning classifiers were used: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB). The experiments were conducted on two Iraqi datasets collected from social media platforms related to extremism: the Iraqi Facebook Comments Dataset (IFCD) and the Iraqi Tweets Dataset (ITD). The performance of all models was evaluated using accuracy, macro-average precision, macro-average recall, and macro-average F1-score; the best F1-score is 0.9521, while recall and precision are 0.95 and 0.955, respectively. In addition, the models presented in this research were tested on an Iraqi data set related to hate speech available on the Internet, and the results obtained were compared with the results of the work that provided this data set.
Multi-Classification Brain Tumor by Mixed Transform with ResNet34
Authors: Dihin Rasha Ali
Published: February 2025

Brain tumors pose a significant global health concern, imposing substantial social and economic burdens. Accurate classification of tumor types (gliomas, meningiomas, and pituitary tumors) from MRI data is essential for aiding radiologists and avoiding invasive biopsies. This paper presents a new method for brain tumor classification that has excellent accuracy when compared with existing methods. The proposed method provides improvements for feature extraction and classification. This new method comprises MRI image preprocessing, feature extraction, and image classification. Preprocessing includes resizing and data augmentation. Following this, features are extracted from MRI images using a mixed transform approach involving a mix of methods like DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform), FAN (FAN Transform), and DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform). Classification employs the ResNet34 model. Where the outcomes demonstrate a training accuracy of 0.9439, a validation accuracy of 0.9195, and a best accuracy of 0.9397 when distinguishing between different brain tumor tissues in MRI images.
Effects of Porous Media on the Convective Heat Transfer in Nanofluid-Based Photovoltaic/Thermal System
Authors: Alzamili Hanan S. , Hussain Hazim H. , Mahdi Raed Abed
Published: February 2025

The convective heat transfer and nanofluid flow through porous media within the Photovoltaic/Thermal system (PV/T) under maximum air temperatures of 10, 25, and 52 οC in Baghdad city were investigated numerically. The PV/T system was filled with porous media and nanofluid, where the porous media consisted of open-cell aluminum foam (6101-T6 alloy) with a pore density of 20 PPI and a porosity of 0.9353-0.92%. The nanofluids were composed of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles suspended in water and ethylene glycol (EG) with a volume fraction of 1-3 % and a nanoparticle diameter of 25 nm. A high-efficiency solar panel with a thermal collector was used at tilt angles of 0ο, 10ο, 30ο, 45ο, and 90ο. The Finite-Volume Method (FVM) was employed to solve the governing equations of momentum, continuity, and energy. The study examined the effects of porous media and nanofluid properties, as well as tilt angles, on the performance of the PV/T system. The findings indicate that the highest heat transfer coefficient was attained when employing Al2O3-water nanofluids and aluminum foam at a PV/T tilt angle of 90ο. The heat transfer coefficient increased with the PV/T tilt angle, nanoparticle volume fraction, and Reynolds number, while it demonstrated a decrease with porosity. An increase in the Reynolds number from 600 to 1700 resulted in a 6% enhancement in the heat transfer coefficient. Conversely, an increase in porosity led to an approximate 1% decrease in the average heat transfer coefficients. Using water as the base fluid improved the heat transfer coefficient by 6% compared to EG. Additionally, as the tilt angle increased from 0⁰ to 90⁰, the heat transfer coefficient experienced a 2.5% enhancement. The combination of nanofluid with aluminum foam improved the thermal efficiency compared to nanofluid and base fluids alone. Moreover, the thermal efficiency remained consistent with an increase in heat flux.
R*-Small Submodules and -Hollow Modules
Authors: Jasim Mustafa Mohammed , Khalid Wasan
Published: February 2025

The purpose  of this study is to present  a new concepts on a module M over a ring, these concepts is called R*-small sub module, R*-hollow module which present generalizations of the small submodule and hollow module, respectively. Key characteristics of these concepts such as the image and direct sum of R*-small sub module, R*-hollow module are R*-small submodule, R*-hollow submodule,  respectively.
Evaluate the Economic Value of the Recreational Services of the Hon Yen Complex in Phu Yen Province
Authors: Thanh Pham Viet , Ngoc Dang Thi , Van Truong Tran , Cao Huan Nguyen , Vu Viet Quan Du
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on assessing the economic value of recreation and tourism services of the Hon Yen complex. From that, this researchdetermine the potential of recreation and tourism services and estimate the value of recreation and tourism services from domestic tourists in the study area. Authors used 135 random questionairs of tourists, 20 questionnaires of business households in the Hon Yen complex and statistical data of the working-age population of 15 provinces and cities in the country. The zonal travel cost method (ZTCM) was applied to construct demand curves, calculate the value of recreation and tourism services and quantify the total economic value of the resources and environment of the Hon Yen complex. The result showed that the recreation and tourism service value of the Hon Yen complex is 389.349,5 million VND. The value of recreation and tourism services from coral reef alone is 233.609,7 million VND. The demand curve of tourism was represented by the function VRi = 23,934 - 0,00001358*TCi. The tourists'willingness to pay for conservation and tourism development is 56.277 VND. The total of tourists' willingness to pay for the Hon Yen complex is 5.064,9 million VND. The results are the basis for proposing solutions for sustainable tourism development associated with the protection, conservation and development of the Hon Yen complex ecosystems.
PRODUCTION OF BISMUTH COMPOUNDS FOR MEDICINE FROM LEAD BISMUTHITE
Authors:   Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Sheina O.D. , Daminov A.S. , Yukhin Yu.M. ,   Rare Metals Plant, LLC, Koltsovo
Published: February 2025

The possibility of obtaining bismuth compounds for medicine from bismuth lead obtained during the processing of lead, copper, tin and tungsten-molybdenum concentrates by dissolving it in nitric acid, purification of bismuth by precipitation in the form of
basic nitrate [Bi6
O5
(OH)3
](NO3
)5
∙3H2
O and obtaining compounds of high purity by its interaction with solutions of mineral or organic
acids was investigated.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEW HALOPHILIC STRAIN VREELANDELLA TITANICAE 3SOL FROM HYPERHALINE LAKE DUNINO (SOL-ILETSK, ORENBURG REGION)
Authors:   1 Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms RAS, Pushchino, Shustova M.N. , Kaparullina E.N. , Doronina N.V. ,   Pushchino Branch of Russian Biotechnological University (BIOTECH University)
Published: February 2025

A novel halophilic strain Vreelandella titanicae 3Sol from the hyperhaline Lake Dunino (Sol-Iletsk, Orenburg region) was
isolated and characterized in detail.
HALONITRO-TRITERPENOIDS — PROMISING AGENTS OF COVALENT INTERACTION WITH PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS
Authors:   Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Yamansarov E.Y. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University,   Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center RAS, Kazakova O.B.
Published: February 2025

The development of new methods and reagents for selective interaction with cysteine residues is an urgent task in bioconjugation, medicinal chemistry, and chemical biology. To develop a new approach of covalent modification with thiols, we synthesized
halonitro derivatives of triterpenoids — promising agents with a reactive electrophilic center.
Relationship between protein intake and nutritional status with response therapy of intensive phase in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Dili and Oecusse
Authors: Marques Lafo Merita , Chandra Dian Novita , Nurwidya Fariz , Sequeira Ercia Maria da Conçeição
Published: February 2025

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) infection triggers a decrease in appetite and disrupts protein metabolism. Protein provides the main source of amino acids for immune system formation and tissue repair, both of which are impaired in tuberculosis patients. Intensive phase anti-tuberculosis therapy aims to boost immunity, reduce bacterial load, and improve nutritional status. Pulmonary TB is the leading cause of death in Timor Leste (94% mortality rate by 2021), yet few studies have explored the relationship between nutrition and treatment response. This study investigated the relationship between protein intake, nutritional status, and treatment response in pulmonary TB patients undergoing intensive therapy in Dili and Oecusse.
Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, 104 participants were recruited using consecutive sampling. Data collection included both primary and secondary data. Analyses were conducted using the independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney, and Fisher's Exact Test.
Results: There are 66.3% at risk of malnutrition based on upper arm circumference, a mean body mass index of 17.86 kg/m². The median daily protein intake was 1.07 g/kgBW/day, with lower intake of animal protein compared to plant protein (0.44 g/kgBW/day vs. 0.59 g/kgBW/day). The study found no significant relationship between protein intake and nutritional status in response to the intensive phase therapy (p>0.05).
Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between protein intake and nutritional status in response to the intensive phase therapy. Further research with a case-control study design is needed to confirm findings and evaluate factors affecting unbalanced therapy response.
Leucine-included liquid diet as medical nutrition therapy improved handgrip strength and mid-upper circumference in clinically malnourished pulmonary tuberculosis patient with high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Singal Anna Maurina , Afifa Nadhira Nuraini , Wardhani Wahyu Ika , Baskoro Hario
Published: February 2025

Background and objectives: Muscle weakness delays clinical improvement in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Higher neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, low handgrip strength, mid-upper arm circumference indicates bad clinical outcome. Weight loss must be managed from the start of treatment. Good muscle condition has benefits to the recovery rate. Leucine provides benefits in increasing the synthesis of muscle mass so as the clinical conditions. Unfortunately, leucine has not been the routine part of medical nutrition therapy in tuberculosis patients.
Methods: This is a case report of a female patient with body weight 42 kg and height 150 cm, admitted to Universitas Indonesia Hospital, with lung tuberculosis. Leucine given, started from 1.95 g/day to the maximum amount of 7,34 g/day through the hospital tailored-made liquid food. There was an improvement of clinical signs and symptoms during 14 days of hospitalization. Mid-upper arm circumferences at day 1, 8, and 15 were 21.1, 21.4, and 12.9 21.9 cm in a row. The right and left handgrip strength at day 1, 8, and 15 were 9.7 kg and 8.1 kg, 10.9 kg and 8.9 kg, 15.1 kg and 13.4 kg, respectively. While the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio at day 0, 6, and 9 were increasing, at 6.89, 6.89, and 13.8, in a row.
Conclusions: Leucine 1.95–7.34 g/day, in tailored-made liquid food, as part of tuberculosis management therapy, though the NLR 13.8, can improve the mid-upper arm circumference, handgrip strength, clinical signs and symptoms in 14 days of hospitalization.
Socio-demographic, exercise, and anthropometric profiles of adults participating in fitness exercise programs in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Ramashidzha Rendani Raymond , Makuse Sefora Hazel , Masoga Sylven
Published: February 2025

Introduction Adults in Vhembe district participate in fitness exercise programs for optimal health. However, the nutritional profiles of these participants remain unknown.
Aim: To assess the socio-demography, calculate BMI and measure WC of adults participating in fitness exercise programs around Vhembe district, Limpopo Province.
Method: A cross–sectional study design was conducted to assess socio-demographic and anthropometric profiles of 112 adults participating in fitness exercise programs around Vhembe district, Limpopo Province. Ethical clearance was obtained from TREC and written consent by the participants. Socio-demographic profile included, for example, age, education status, duration and frequency of training. Anthropometry included weight and height to calculate BMI, and waist circumference. Data were analyzed using SPSS (v29). The Chi-square test, with a p-value of <0.05, was used to determine the association among variables.  
Results: Males were aged 36.3±9.3 and females 32.1±8.7 years; training three times per week for two hours in aerobics and bodybuilding programs. Most participants had bachelor’s degrees (males, 35.5%; females, 29.8%) and diplomas (males, 32.3%; females, 27.7%). Unemployment was higher (57.4%) among females compared to males (38.5%). Aerobic participants were overweight (males, 27.8±4.7; females 28.8±4.8 kg/m²) whereas those in bodybuilding were obese (31.0±16.9, males and 37.5±0.0 kg/m², females). Participants in both programs had optimal waist circumferences (<102 cm, males and <88 cm, females). Anthropometry was associated (p<0.05) to demography among the aerobic exercise participants.
Conclusion: Participants trained once per day, three times a week for two hours. The majority had higher education qualifications, however, unemployed. Participants were overweight with acceptable waist circumference values
The link between serum vitamin D levels and bronchial asthma: A case control study
Authors: Kumar Pavan N , Amirullah Amirullah , Kumar R Deepak
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Asthma is a common long-term respiratory condition that considerably increases morbidity worldwide. Because of its immunomodulatory properties, vitamin D may have an impact on the severity of asthma. This case control study explores the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and bronchial asthma.

Material and Methods

There were 70 participants in all, 35 of whom were matched controls and 35 of whom were asthma patients. Measurements of IgE and serum vitamin D were made to look for associations with asthma.

Results

Patients with asthma had higher IgE levels, suggesting heightened allergic reaction and substantially less vitamin D in their blood (13.83 ± 9.34 ng/mL) than control (27.34 ± 8.19 ng/mL) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study highlights that individuals with bronchial asthma tend to have lower serum vitamin D levels and higher IgE levels, suggesting a link between vitamin D deficiency and asthma severity. Addressing vitamin D deficiency may offer a supportive role in asthma management, though further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Management of Newborn Respiratory Distress Using CPAP: Capacity and Readiness of Public Health Facilities in High-Focus Aspirational Districts of India
Authors: Alwadhi Varun , Joshi Naresh Chandra , Saboth Prashant Kumar , Mishra Raghavendra Narayan , Martolia Kuldeep , Bhargava Saurabh , Gupta Sachin , Kumar Harish
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective

Adequate respiratory support is crucial for managing respiratory distress in hypoxic newborns. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices are widely recommended for this purpose, but their availability and functionality in district-level healthcare facilities in India are unclear. This study aims to assess the capacity and readiness of public health facilities in high-focus Aspirational Districts of India to manage respiratory distress using CPAP and oxygen support.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 15 functional Special Newborn Care Units (SNCUs) across 14 Aspirational Districts in five Indian states. Data were collected using a semi-structured tool developed in collaboration with state health authorities, aligned to national and global newborn care guidelines. The study focused on assessing the status of infrastructure, human resources, oxygen supply, CPAP utilization, and staff practices.

Results

Pulse oximeters were available in all SNCUs, with most units using monitor-based devices. Oxygen supply was available at 89% of SNCU beds. Different sources of oxygen supply at SNCUs included oxygen concentrators (93%), manifold rooms (33%), and oxygen plants (13%). CPAP devices were available in only 20% of SNCUs. Oxygen concentrators emerged as the predominant method for oxygen therapy (66.7%), followed by central oxygen supply via manifold room or oxygen plant (26.7%). Monitoring of the oxygenation status of newborns on respiratory support was done at a frequency of at least every 3 hours in 66.7% of units.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications

The study identified significant gaps in the use of CPAP devices for managing hypoxic newborns in special newborn care units (SNCUs) of Aspirational Districts, reflecting broader healthcare challenges. There is an urgent need to improve oxygen delivery systems and increase CPAP availability in secondary health facilities. These findings call for targeted interventions, capacity building, and strategic resource allocation to enhance neonatal health outcomes in resource-limited settings.
How does ChatGPT 4omni perform in consenting for common orthopedic and musculoskeletal interventional procedures?
Authors: Hussein Aadin , Hussein Mohsin , Shirodkar Kapil , Kanani Amar , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh
Published: February 2025

Objectives

ChatGPT 4omni is OpenAI’s newest multimodal software featuring improvements in speed, cost-efficiency, and capability over previous versions such as GPT-4 and GPT-4 Turbo. This article looks at the performance of ChatGPT in consenting patients for ten commonly performed orthopedic and musculoskeletal interventional procedures at our tertiary cold orthopedic center.

Materials and Methods

ChatGPT 4omni was asked to consent for these procedures. The results were compared against existing guidelines and clinical knowledge by a fellowship trained orthopedic surgeon and interventional radiologist. A 5-point Likert scale was used to grade the response across four parameters: (i) description of the procedure, (ii) benefits, (iii) risks, and (iv) overall impression of the document.

Results

A Likert scale score of 5 was given to the domains of benefits and risks in all surgical and intervention orthopedic procedures. For description of procedure, a score of 3 was given in total hip and knee replacement, and score of 4 for image-guided trochanteric bursal injection, by one scorer, due to a lack of procedural description. Overall, impression was scored as 4 for these procedures. These procedures received a score of 5 for all other parameters.

Conclusion

ChatGPT 4omni demonstrates promising results in obtaining consent, compared to the gold-standard of consent being obtained by a surgeon/radiologist, for commonly performed cold surgical and interventional orthopedic procedures. It may have a role in supporting patients, clinicians, and healthcare systems in the future although certain ethical, governance, and medicolegal challenges still need to be addressed.
A standalone minimally invasive presigmoid retrolabyrinthine suprameatal approach: A cadaveric morphometric study
Authors: Hoz Samer S. , Palmisciano Paolo , Muthana Ahmed , Doyle III Edward J. , Johnson Mark D. , Ismail Mustafa , Forbes Jonathan A. , Prestigiacomo Charles J. , Samy Ravi , Zuccarello Mario , Andaluz Norberto
Published: February 2025

Background

Presigmoid approaches provide access to several structures anterior to the sigmoid sinus (SS) and may be intended for the treatment of lesions located in the middle and posterior fossa. We conducted a morphometric cadaveric study investigating the infratentorial presigmoid retrolabyrinthine suprameatal approach (PRSA) as a unique operative corridor. The typical anatomic-radiological characteristics and variations were evaluated and analyzed to predict surgical accessibility.

Methods

A total of 10 surgical dissections were performed on both sides of five adults, injected, and cadaveric heads. Fifteen morphometric parameters were measured, analyzed, and categorized into pre-procedural, intra-procedural, and additional parameters.

Results

Preoperative anatomic-radiological parameters provide valuable information to select patients with favorable anatomy that may offer appropriate surgical accessibility to the medial part of cerebellopontine angle cistern, lateral pons, and prepontine cistern through a PRSA corridor. An obtuse petroclival angle of ≥144° with a more horizontally oriented petrous bone, a posterior SS position, and a large mastoid cavity provided the greatest surgical accessibility through the PRSA corridor. The superior petrosal sinus drainage and the degree of petrous apex pneumatization were important factors affecting surgical fluency and speed. However, they were not determinant factors for selecting the most appropriate patients eligible for the PRSA.

Conclusion

The PRSA represents a minimally invasive modification of the trans-labyrinthine approach that may be offered in patients with lesions medial to the internal auditory canal or anterior/lateral to the brainstem, with the goal of preserving vestibulocochlear functions. Preoperative anatomic-radiological parameters are mandatory for a patient-tailored selection of the most effective surgical approach.
Pediatric third ventricular glioependymal cyst: A case report
Authors: Bui Nicholas Edward , Tran Diem Kieu
Published: February 2025

Background

Glioependymal cysts are rare lesions, especially in children.

Case Description

The authors treated a well-developed 12-year-old male who presented with 1 week of acute-onset headache. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thin-walled third ventricular cyst obstructing the foramen of Monro. Endoscopic fenestration of the cyst with biopsy and endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed. Histopathologic examination revealed a glioependymal cyst. At 13-month follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic without evidence of recurrence.

Conclusion

This case represents the first glioependymal cyst reported in an adolescent.