bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contract Negotiation
Authors: Solomin S.K. , Solomina N.G.
Published: October 2024

The domestic doctrine of the contract over the past century and a half has been repeatedly revised, which, first of all, is associated with the development of property relations. However, any transformation of views on the legal categories established in civilistic doctrine must have a weighty argument based on an understanding of the essence of the relevant processes and phenomena of reality. In the past decade, the substance of some legal categories under the constant press of law enforcement practice has changed so much that they have lost their speciality in the absence of any sufficient prerequisites for this. One such legal category includes contract negotiations. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the concept of negotiations on the conclusion of a contract. To achieve this goal, tasks were set: to determine the nature of legal relations arising during negotiations; establish the connection of the negotiation process with the contract conclusion process; Investigate the scope of bona fide conduct of contract negotiators. Methodology. When writing the article, the modeling method and the formal-legal method were used. Results. As a result of the study, it was found that the negotiations on the conclusion of the contract are a set of actual actions of the participants in the negotiation process aimed at clarifying the possible options for establishing and developing a future contractual relationship between them;all actions of the participants in the negotiation process are performed within the framework of a single organizational legal relationship arising by virtue of the law (legal relationship on negotiations). Conclusion. The material proposed in this article is the result of a generalization of the knowledge accumulated in the domestic civilistic doctrine, and forms the basis for further scientific discussion about the essence of the negotiation process.
A.I. Sulotsky about the Christian Enlighteners of Siberia
Authors: Kotova Kristina I.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with A.I. Sulotsky as a historian. His works on the study of missionary activity in Siberia are analyzed. The main problems of his works are connected with the history of the Church and with the study of his native land. Several works are devoted to missionary activity in Western Siberia in the 17th - 19th centuries. One of them is the well-known monograph “Philotheus Leshchinsky, Metropolitan of Siberia and Tobolsk”, which most fully reveals the personality of Metropolitan Philotheus, including as an educator of the indigenous peoples of Siberia. A number of works less well-known, but no less significant: “Tobolsk archpastors: Similar cases from their lives: Anthony (Znamensky), Eugene (Kazantsev), and George (Yashchurzhinsky)”, “Conversion to Christianity of pagans of the Yenisei diocese”, tell about interesting and memorable cases from missionary practices of that period and their results. The texts of the author's articles published in the second volume “About the Siberian clergy” of his Essays in three volumes, containing articles about prominent representatives of the Siberian clergy of the 17th - 19th centuries, and letters from his personal correspondence, placed by the author of the publication in the third volume of the above-mentioned work. Together, these works by A. Sulotsky formed the source base of the proposed article. Based on the textual analysis, it is concluded that A. Sulotsky acts both as a missionary and as a historian. In his works we see a reflection of the established tradition of writing scientific texts, characteristic of the church historiography of the 19th century: references to historical documents and the work of predecessors, the system of formatting the subscript and notes, which speaks of him as a man of science.
Collisions of the “War Communism” Concept: From A.A. Bogdanov to Some Interpretations in Modern Historiography
Authors: Teplyakov Dmitry A.
Published: October 2024

The article, taking into account groundwork of the Soviet and modern historiography, unfolds collision of the “war communism” concept in interpretation of the universal public figure, “the greatest artist of thought” and “martyr of science” A.A. Bogdanov. The author dwells on the intriguing searches of A.V. Lutsenko, on the review of this topic in his doctoral dissertation, addressed to Bogdanov's tektological analysis of the economic, social and political history of Russia in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century. The definitions of Bogdanov's “war communism” proposed by Lutsenko are isolated, systematized and analyzed. Except for contradictory, voluntary, inaccurate and deforming definitions of Bogdanov's point of view, the Siberian Bogdanovologist also gives a number of interpretations corresponding to the tektologist. Lutsenko in his work makes a comparison between “war communism”, “financial capitalism” and socialism. Lutsenko, unlike Bogdanov, does not distinguishes “military state capitalism” from “peaceful state capitalism”, at the same time, the researcher is spoofing Soviet “war communism” with capitalist “war communism” - from the depths, inside the capitalist system. The contradictory provisions - confusion, inconsistency and illogicality - are partly related both to the prevailing “short-course” understanding in the previous after-NEP Soviet historiography, and to its mirror reflection (changing assessments without understanding the essence) in the post-Soviet modern historiography. The topic of “war communism” in Bogdanov's interpretation is very difficult and complex, debatable, not to mention its acute relevance today, requires further research.
Methodology of comparative studies on the relative effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review
Authors: Bolormaa Erdenetuya , Shim Jiae , Choi Young-Sook , Kwon Donghyok , Choe Young June , Choe Seung-Ah
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively outline the methodological approaches used in published research comparing the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines.Methods: A systematic search was conducted on June 13, 2024, to identify comparative studies evaluating the effectiveness of mRNA versus non-mRNA and monovalent versus bivalent COVID-19 vaccines. We screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, collecting data on publication year, country, sample size, study population composition, study design, VE estimates, outcomes, and covariates. Studies that reported relative VE (rVE) were analyzed separately from those that did not.Results: We identified 25 articles comparing rVE between mRNA and non-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, as well as between monovalent and bivalent formulations. Among the studies assessing VE by vaccine type, 126 did not provide rVE estimates. Comparative VE studies frequently employed retrospective cohort designs. Among the definitions of rVE used, the most common were hazard ratio and absolute VE, calculated as (1−odds ratio)×100. Studies were most frequently conducted in the United Kingdom and the United States, and the most common outcome was infection. Most targeted the general population and assessed the VE of mRNA vaccines using the AstraZeneca vaccine as a reference. A small proportion, 7.3% (n=11), did not adjust for any variables. Only 3 studies (2.0%) adjusted for all core confounding variables recommended by the World Health Organization.Conclusion: Few comparative studies of COVID-19 vaccines have incorporated rVE methodologies. Reporting rVE and employing a consistent set of covariates can broaden our understanding of COVID-19 vaccines.
Building a happy family: La vida perdurable, by Juan García Ponce
Authors: Pavón Alfredo
Published: October 2024

"Under the influence of androcentrism, La vida perdurable of Juan García Ponce was plotted. Although differently, each of the families and couples in this novel responded to this influence. According to the perspective of the Yucatecan narrator, androcentrism has a negative visage –exemplified by Virginia’s parents–, and a happy one –represented by the other families and couples–; that difference determined the dark or luminous destiny of each group, those of the latter awarded with lasting life.
Keywords: androcentrism; heterosexual couple; half century generation; enduring life; mexican novel"
Education system resilience in the face of inflationary pressures
Authors: Yurtseven Çağlar
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the detrimental impact of rapid inflation on the quality of private education in developing countries. By focusing on the financial challenges faced by private schools, the study highlights the tension between education policy and economic realities. While private schools often attract parents with smaller class sizes and specialized programs, the core motivation lies in investing in children’s future through quality education. However, this study demonstrates how inflation can cripple this sector. The case of Turkey exemplifies this challenge. Post-pandemic inflation created a financial stranglehold on private schools, as rising costs made it difficult to adjust teacher salaries. This, in turn, led to teacher demotivation and a mass exodus, ultimately compromising educational quality. Furthermore, government interventions aimed at protecting parents from high tuition fees, through limitations on fee increases, inadvertently sacrificed the very quality they sought to safeguard. The paper concludes by advocating for alternative policy approaches that prioritize direct support for education system during economic downturns. Such measures are crucial for ensuring a strong and resilient education system that benefits all stakeholders, including parents, students, and the nation as a whole.
Promoting climate action through youth empowerment and environmental education: Insights from Mohamed Bin Zayed University for Humanities
Authors: Aboukhousa Heba
Published: October 2024

Climate change is a pressing global challenge that requires immediate action. To address this issue effectively, it is essential to engage and empower the younger generation who will shape the future. This abstract presents the experience of Mohamed Bin Zayed University for Humanities (MBZUH) in UAE in promoting climate action through youth empowerment and environmental education. MBZUH has recognized the significance of incorporating environmental education into its curriculum to foster a generation of environmentally conscious individuals. Through a multidimensional approach, the university has developed innovative strategies to empower students, enabling them to become active participants in addressing climate change. These strategies encompass both formal and informal education, leveraging various platforms and partnerships to create a comprehensive learning environment. This study delves into the initiatives undertaken by MBZUH to empower youth in climate action. It explores the incorporation of environmental education across disciplines, integrating sustainability principles into existing courses, and offering specialized programs focused on environmental science and climate studies. Additionally, it highlights the university’s efforts in promoting hands-on learning experiences, such as field trips, research projects, and community engagement, to deepen students’ understanding of climate issues and inspire practical action. Furthermore, the study examines the role of MBZUH’s collaboration with local and international organizations, governmental bodies, and the wider community in fostering youth empowerment and climate action. It showcases successful partnerships that have resulted in impactful initiatives, including awareness campaigns, capacity-building workshops, and youth-led environmental projects. By sharing the experience of MBZUH, this study aims to provide valuable insights and best practices for promoting climate action through youth empowerment and environmental education. It underscores the importance of empowering the next generation with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to become effective agents of change in addressing climate challenges.
Interferencias intertextuales entre Lovecraft, Sartre y Cronenberg
Authors: Freire-Sánchez Alfonso , Fitó-Carreras Maria , Vidal-Mestre Montserrat
Published: October 2024

En 2002, el filósofo Eduard Punset entrevistó a David Cronenberg en el programa de televisión Redes. En dicha entrevista, el cineasta canadiense afirmó haber sido influenciado por una amalgama de escritores y pensadores, entre los cuales se encuentran Jean-Paul Sartre y H.P. Lovecraft. En este artículo analizamos las interferencias intertextuales así como las diferencias y similitudes entre la obra sartriana y los principios del horror cósmico lovecraftiano en el cine de Cronenberg. Del mismo modo, se trazan los preceptos ideológicos sobre los que esta intertextualidad ha podido influir en el body horror, el subgénero de horror del que el propio Cronenberg reniega, aunque sea considerado el pionero y principal exponente.
Comparaciones realistas: La isla de las mentiras de Paula Cons y La nostalgia de la mujer anfibio de Cristina Sánchez-Andrade
Authors: Leonardo Richard
Published: October 2024

En 2020 Paula Cons escribió y dirigió la película La isla de las mentiras. En 2022, Cristina Sánchez-Andrade escribió la novela La nostalgia de la mujer anfibio. Ambos textos, desde sus registros semióticos, se han encargado de representar el naufragio del vapor Santa Isabel, «el Titanic gallego», en las costas de Sálvora en 1921. El artículo analiza las similitudes y diferencias que presentan ambos textos en dicha representación. Mientras la retórica de Cons revela una intención realista (paradigma mimético-verosímil), la de Sánchez-Andrade trasciende esta y desborda lo poético y lo alegórico.
posguerra española en clave de western rural
Authors: López Fernández Álvaro , Molina Gil Raúl
Published: October 2024

El cine español contemporáneo sobre la memoria histórica ha renovado sus modelos con técnicas y motivos del western. Dos casos notables son las adaptaciones de Sordo (Alfonso Cortés-Cavanillas, 2018) e Intemperie (Benito Zambrano, 2019). De esta forma, el cómic de David Muñoz y Rayco Pulido (2008), sobre un soldado de la Operación Reconquista, devendrá en una persecución entre pistoleros por el Pirineo. A su vez, la película sobre Intemperie de Jesús Carrasco (2013) ubicará su trama en la Andalucía de posguerra para ofrecer una reflexión sobre la subalternidad y la violencia del franquismo. A continuación, analizaremos la suma de estas dos estructuras reconocibles para el público, y sus consecuencias formales.
Sally Faulkner, Adaptaciones literarias en el cine y la televisión españoles. Historia, espacio, género, trad. de Manuel Cuesta, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2023.
Authors: Carrandi Díaz Silvia
Published: October 2024

Reseña de  Sally Faulkner, Adaptaciones literarias en el cine y la televisión españoles. Historia, espacio, género, trad. de Manuel Cuesta, Madrid/Frankfurt am Main, Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2023.
FEN BİLİMLERİ DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMI İLE SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERSİ ÖĞRETİM PROGRAMININ SİSTEM DÜŞÜNCESİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Akyıldız Semanur , Aytar Ayşe
Published: October 2024

Sistem düşüncesi, olayları bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirmek ve eleştirel düşünmeye katkı sağlaması açısından önemlidir. Toplumun ihtiyaçları ve beklentileri doğrultusunda insanların bilgi üretme, problem çözme, girişimcilik gibi farklı becerilere sahip olması yönünde değişen rolleri, öğretim programlarına da yansımıştır. Buradan hareketle disiplinler arası bir yaklaşımla değerler, beceriler ve yetkinlikler ile bütüncül bir bakış açısı çerçevesinde güncellenen öğretim programlarının aynı özelliklerin gelişmesine destek sağlayan sistem düşüncesi açısından incelenmesinin gerekli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Mevcut araştırma, disiplinler arası içeriğinden ötürü Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı (FBDÖP) ile Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programının (SBDÖP) sistem düşüncesi açısından analiz edilmesi amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda her iki öğretim programı doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. FBDÖP ve SBDÖP’de yer alan kazanımlar Ben-Zvi Assaraf ve Orion (2005) tarafından geliştirilen ve sekiz beceri düzeyinden oluşan “Sistem Düşüncesi Hiyerarşik (SDH)” modeline göre analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, SDH modelinde yer alan beceriler, FBDÖP’de tüm sınıf düzeylerinde toplam 102 kazanımda, SBDÖP’de ise 23 kazanımda yer almaktadır. Her iki programdaki kazanımların da SDH modelinin çoğunlukla alt basamaklarındaki becerileri içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Öğretim programlarında, SDH modelinin üst basamaklarındaki becerilere ilişkin daha fazla kazanımlara yer verilmesi önerilebilir. Bu çalışma, ders kitapları içerikleri ve sınıfta yapılacak etkinlikler dikkate alınarak genişletilebilir.
Assessing Product Use Behavior and Exposure: Definitions and Methods
Authors: Yuki Dai , Giles Lesley , Scherer Max , Pluym Nikola , Ljung Tryggve , Mason Elizabeth , Newland Kirk , Chrea Christelle , Djoko Donatian Tafin , MaKena Patrudu , Cahours Xavier , Prasad Krishna
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the tobacco- and/or nicotine-containing product (TNP) portfolio has expanded to include products such as e-vapor products, heated tobacco products, and nicotine pouches. Although scientific papers and regulatory requirements/recommendations related to the assessment of product use behavior and exposure to product use have been published for these novel TNPs, there is great diversity in the terminology used to characterize and assess these types of products. The aim of this paper is to define the terms and methods used for assessing product use behavior and exposure, with the objective to suggest a uniform application of terms used by scientists working in this field of research. This publication is the work product of a cross-industry work item commissioned by the Cooperation Centre for Scientific Research Relative to Tobacco (CORESTA) Product Use Behaviour and Biomarkers Subgroups.
Determinants of Young Polish Consumers’ Food Product Purchases
Authors: Ozimek Irena , Szlachciuk Julita , Kulykovets Olena , Dąbrowska Anna
Published: October 2024

This article investigates the factors influencing food product purchases by young Polish consumers aged 18–25 – a group important for the development of the economy. In the process of deciding to purchase specific food products, consumers pay attention to various economic and non-economic factors, including marketing. We carried out survey in October/November 2020 using the CAWI method (Google Forms) to test the importance of 17 factors on young Polish consumers’ food purchases, applying factor analysis and cluster analysis to the resulting data. The results reveal that price and product expiration date are young Polish consumers’ primary concerns when purchasing food products. The study also found that environmental sustainability attributes, although less critical than price or product quality, are increasingly influencing young Polish consumers' purchasing decisions.
Sustainable Development of Corporations: Theory Evolution and Practical Implementation
Authors: Shulhina Liudmyla , Dong Qiao
Published: October 2024

This article examines the practical significance and growing relevance of the sustainable development concept (SDC). To support the hypothesis that SDC principles need to transition from being largely declarative to more practical applications, various desk-based research methods are employed. The historical method is used to trace out the emergence and evolution of the SDC, highlighting a shift from single to diversified development, short-term to long-term sustainability, and domestic to global cooperation. Logical and analytical methods further clarify the increasing global focus on economic, environmental, and social issues. The article also explores approaches to classifying the key aspects of modern sustainable development and identifies the latest trends in the field. It emphasizes the importance of integrating the SDC's economic, environmental, and social dimensions into corporate activities. Examples of successful corporate implementation are provided. However, the findings indicate that broader and more effective frameworks are necessary to move the SDC from theory to practice, enabling corporations to address global challenges more effectively.
Development of A Structural Equation Model of The Variables Affecting the Purchase Intention Innovation Solar Power Air-conditioning Systems of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise
Authors: Leetanan Thitakom , Saengnoree Amnuay , Teerawatananond Thapong
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This quantitative dissertation aimed 1) to investigate the impact of government policies, product innovation attributes, consumer innovativeness, and perceived value towards purchase intention,2) to construct a linear structural equation model that illustrates the influence of those factors on the purchase intention of innovative solar power airconditioning system of SMEs in the service sector.
 
Method: The sample group was 320 executives of SMEs in the service sector. Sampling was by specific and quota random sampling. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics, confirmatory component analysis, and structural equation model analysis.
 
Results: The findings of this study demonstrate significant direct effects of government policy, consumer innovativeness, and consumer’s perceived value on purchase intention of innovative solar power air conditioning systems. Moreover, government policy and consumer innovativeness also exerted indirect effects on purchase intention through their influence on consumers’ perceived value, serving as mediator variables.
 
Research Implication: Through the development of a structural equation model, consumer innovativeness had the greatest overall influence on the purchase intention of SMEs in the service sector, followed by consumer’s perceived value, government policy, and product innovation attributes, respectively.
 
Originailty/Value: Airconditioning SMEs can used government policy, consumer innovativeness, and consumer’s perceived value to motivate consumers on purchase intention of innovative solar power air conditioning systems.
Women and Artisanal Fishing in the Quilombola Community of Santiago do Iguape, Bahia: Historical Contributions and Current Challenges
Authors: Santos Lucas Silva Pacheco dos , Souto Francisco Jose Bezerra , Koch Elmo Borges de Azevedo , Costa Neto Eraldo Medeiros
Published: October 2024

Objective: To analyze the contributions of female fishers to the preservation of knowledge about local artisanal fishing, as well as the challenges they face in occupying these spaces.
 
Introduction and Theoretical Framework: Data on the importance of artisanal fishing is presented, highlighting its relevance in the intergenerational transmission of this knowledge by women. It also emphasizes the neglect and invisibility faced by women throughout history due to gender issues, which led to women achieving basic rights granted to "fishermen" only belatedly.
 
Method: The methodology adopted includes field data collection through semi-structured interviews with female fishers from the community, as well as direct observations. The interviews were conducted using the snowball sampling method, as described by Bailey (1994). The interviews were recorded and accompanied by photographic records, with proper authorization obtained through the signing of the Informed Consent Form (ICF), which was read and explained to each participant.
 
Results and Discussion: The results show that female fishers possess extensive knowledge about fishing techniques and equipment, fishing resources, and other environmental issues. These women face a triple workload and many difficulties in estuarine environments. They recognize the sea and mangroves as prosperous areas that allow them to raise their children and obtain resources for their subsistence. Fishing becomes more than just an economic activity; it shapes the identity and ways of being/living/inhabiting of these women. Thus, the quilombola women of Santiago do Iguape take on a leading role in an activity marked by gender issues and the pursuit of basic rights.
Implications of the Research: The research contributes to the recognition of fishing knowledge built by female fishers. These discussions may contribute to the improvement and implementation of new policies that address the current vulnerabilities faced by these fishers.
 
Originality/Value: This study is essential for highlighting social and governmental invisibility due to gender issues, as well as the changes in women’s self-perception regarding their importance in the construction and preservation of knowledge about artisanal fishing and their rights.
Оценка погрешности определения остаточных напряжений при упругопластическом нагружении толстостенных сферических оболочек при линейном упрочнении материала
Authors: Андрианов Иван Константинович , Феоктистов Сергей Иванович , Тхет Лин
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрена проблема оценки остаточных напряжений в толстостенных сферических оболочках, находящихся под внутренним давлением, при упругопластическом деформировании. Математическая модель упругопластического деформирования сферической оболочки строилась с применением положений деформационной теории пластичности. Новизна исследования обусловлена учетом сжимаемости материала и изменения геометрии оболочки в процессе нагружения при определении остаточных напряжений. Для кусочно-линейной модели материала представлены результаты расчета остаточных напряжений с помощью аналитических формул при использовании принципа «отвердевания» и метода переменных параметров упругости при изменении геометрии оболочки в процессе нагружения. Согласно результатам оценки решений, полученным аналитически и численно, с увеличением толщины стенки сферической оболочки и показателя упрочнения материала относительная погрешность расчета остаточных напряжений возрастает.

The study considers the problem of estimating residual stresses in thick-walled spherical shells under internal pressure during elastic-plastic deformation. A mathematical model of elastic-plastic deformation of a spherical shell was constructed using the provisions of the deformation theory of plasticity. The novelty of the study is due to the consideration of changes in the geometry of the shell during loading when determining residual stresses. For a piecewise linear model of the material, the results of calculating residual stresses using analytical formulas using the "hardening" principle and the method of variable elasticity parameters when changing the geometry of the shell during loading are presented. According to the results of the evaluation of solutions obtained analytically and numerically, with an increase in the wall thickness of the spherical shell, as well as with an increase in the hardening index of the shell material, the relative error in calculating residual stresses increases.
Конструктивные особенности судов на воздушной подушке для повышения эффективности разрушения ледяного покрова резонансным методом
Authors: Козин Виктор Михайлович , Верещагин Владислав Юрьевич , Евтушенко Сергей Вячеславович
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрены методы повышения эффективности разрушения ледяного покрова резонансным методом с использованием судов на воздушной подушке, оснащенных дополнительными конструктивными элементами. Дополнительные элементы позволяют создавать дополнительное физическое воздействие на ледяной покров, тем самым увеличивая разрушающую способность судов на воздушной подушке. Представленный обзор проведён на основании разработанных и защищенных авторами патентов PФ на изобретения.

The methods of increasing the efficiency of the destruction of the ice cover by the resonant method using hovercrafts equipped with additional structural elements are considered. Additional elements allow you to create additional physical impact on the ice cover, thereby increasing the destructive ability of hovercrafts. The presented review is based on the patents of the Russian Federation for inventions developed and protected by the authors.
Восприятие студентами регионального вуза уровня своих цифровых навыков и компетенций
Authors: Скивко Мария Олеговна , Развейкина Надежда Андреевна , Шиханова Елена Геннадьевна
Published: October 2024

Цифровая трансформация оказывает влияние как на профессиональную сферу деятельности, так и на сферу образования, где возникает необходимость не только внедрения новых образовательных технологий, но и пересмотра существующих. Цифровые навыки и компетенции становятся значимыми требованиями при трудоустройстве, а своевременность их освоения напрямую пересекается с образовательными процессами в высшей школе. Данное исследование ставит целью изучить восприятие студентами регионального вуза уровня своих цифровых навыков и компетенций, а также проанализировать, чего на сегодняшний день не хватает студентам для соответствия образовательного процесса цифровой повестке. По результатам онлайн-опроса составлен список рекомендаций и замечаний, которые могут быть использованы для практических улучшений образовательной среды.

Digital transformation has an impact on both the professional sphere and the educational sphere, where there is a need not only to introduce new educational technologies, but also to revise existing ones. Digital skills and competencies are becoming significant requirements for employment, and the timeliness of their development directly intersects with educational processes in higher education. This study aims to consider the perception of students at a regional university about the level of their digital skills and competencies, as well as to analyze what students currently lack to comply with the educational process of the digital agenda. Based on the results of the online survey, a list of recommendations and comments was compiled that can be used for practical improvements in the educational environment.
Human Rights During and After the Criminal Trial in India: Legal Discourse
Authors:   Advocate, India, Kartikeya Vaibhav
Published: October 2024

Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 (hereinafter 'CrPC') provides procedure for investigation
Bridging the gap: Political engagement and trust as mediators of racial health inequities and vaccine reluctance
Authors: Florent Nkouaga
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates how political engagement and trust can reduce health disparities in the context of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. It posits that active participation in the political process and trust in political institutions enable communities, especially marginalized ones, to advocate for equitable health policies, leading to more inclusive healthcare services. The study employs a multidisciplinary approach to understand how politics influence individual and collective health behaviors and decision-making. The research uses t-tests and logistic regression to analyze the relationship between political factors (like interest and participation) and trust in political and federal systems on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The t-test examines disparities in vaccine hesitancy across racial groups, revealing significant differences and emphasizing the impact of race on health behaviors. Logistic regression, controlling for variables such as partisanship and media influence, further explores these relationships, showing a consistent negative correlation between trust in federal institutions and vaccine hesitancy across racial groups. The study also finds that this correlation varies by race, with trust in the political system and political participation influencing vaccine hesitancy to different degrees among racial groups. These findings underscore the complex interplay between political engagement, trust, and health behaviors, highlighting the role of politics in shaping public health outcomes.
Thermal Integration in Sugar Production Using Pinch Analysis
Authors: Vidal Medina Juan R. , Rodríguez Valencia Andrés F. , Pérez Marín Julián A. , López Castrillón Yuri U.
Published: October 2024

Objective: the objective of this study is to conceptualize a network of heat exchangers designed to minimize energy waste and enhance the overall efficiency of the sugar production system.Methods: a systematic approach was adopted to analyze energy flows within the plant, identifying key areas for improvement, particularly in heating and evaporation processes. Heat accumulations in cascades and graphical analyses of composite curves were developed using specialized software to optimize heat exchange.Results: the results indicate a significant potential for energy savings, reducing the consumption of cooling and heating utilities in the plant by 7% and 30%, respectively. The developed computational tool allows for energy integration from simple processes to those with hundreds of streams. The pinch technology concept estimated an annual total savings of $464,850.08 in the selected process.Conclusion: this study demonstrates that thermal integration through pinch analysis not only improves energy efficiency in the sugar industry but also contributes to a considerable reduction in operational costs and environmental impact, providing a valuable tool for the industry’s sustainability and competitiveness.
Regional variance in alluvial sedimentation and revised stratigraphy of the Klipheuwel Group and Franschhoek Formation
Authors: Raath R.F. , Penn-Clarke C.R. , Kisters A.F.M.
Published: October 2024

The siliciclastic sediments of the Klipheuwel Group mark the transition from Pan-African tectonism and amalgamation of Southwest Gondwana to the shallow marine deposits of the Cape Supergroup in the Western Cape. The rocks are preserved in a number of seemingly isolated depositories and previous studies have mainly focused on selected occurrences. The lack of any integration of regional sedimentological or structural characteristics has, to date, resulted in only tentative stratigraphic correlations and subdivisions of the Klipheuwel Group. Lithological and structural data from the Klipheuwel Group indicate at least two separate depocentres that accommodated the post Pan-African peneplanation of the Saldania Belt and clastic detritus in distinctly different palaeoenvironments. A northern depocentre can be distinguished from a southern depocentre, each characterised by distinct architectural elements and facies associations that reflect topographic and structural controls. The northern depocentre, including Klipheuwel Group occurrences at Eendekuil, Redelinghuys and Elands Bay, show laterally persistent braided fluvial facies associations that developed multi-storey superimposed ‘braided sheet’ deposits. Here, the rocks show gentle dips and thicknesses range from 300 to 450 m. The southern depocentre, including the Klipheuwel and Klapmutskop localities, are characterised by much larger thicknesses (up to >2 000 m), steep dips of the rocks and laterally discontinuous braided fluvial facies associations that developed staggered channelised braided deposits. The lateral continuity of fluvial facies in the northern depocentre reflect sedimentation on a peneplained basement. The larger thickness, steep dips and strongly channelised deposits in the southern facies, in contrast, indicate deposition in actively subsiding half-graben structures that reactivated basement faults. The spatially closely associated Franschhoek Formation shares numerous characteristics with the Klipheuwel Group but preserves Pan-African strains similar to that of the underlying Malmesbury Group, that may indicate its formation as compressional piggyback basins with synorogenic sedimentation.
Mars 2020 Descent Stage Integrated Propulsion Subsystem: Changes and Flight Performance
Authors: Turner Daniel M. , Casillas Arturo R. , Jens Elizabeth T.
Published: October 2024

On February 18, 2021, NASA’s Mars 2020 mission successfully landed the Perseverance rover in Jezero Crater, the heaviest interplanetary rover ever built, on the surface of Mars. Following up on the successful entry, descent, and landing of the Curiosity rover of the Mars Science Laboratory mission in August 2012, the Mars 2020 mission Descent Stage Propulsion System was a build-to-print sequel. The Mars 2020 Descent Stage Propulsion System had a few minor low risk changes based on the flight performance of the Mars Science Laboratory System to improve performance. The in-flight performance of the Descent Stage Propulsion System was consistent with expectations with the exception of apparent higher than expected delivered thrust from the Mars Lander Engines, which occurred on both the Mars 2020 and the Mars Science Laboratory missions. The Descent Stage Propulsion System completed its mission with significant capability margin with respect to thruster life, maximum delivered thrust, and available propellant at touchdown.
Meta-Reinforcement Learning for Spacecraft Proximity Operations Guidance and Control in Cislunar Space
Authors: Fereoli Giovanni , Schaub Hanspeter , Di Lizia Pierluigi
Published: October 2024

Innovative lightweight and model-free guidance algorithms are essential to achieve full autonomy of spacecraft and address future space exploration challenges. In the near future, this type of technology will be essential for cislunar space proximity operations, such as NASA’s Artemis program and its Lunar Gateway project. In this scenario, a meta-reinforcement learning algorithm is employed to address the real-time optimal guidance problem of a spacecraft in the cislunar environment. Non-Keplerian orbits pose complex dynamics, where classic control theory may be less adaptable and more computationally expensive compared to machine learning approaches. Meta-RL stands out for its ability to learn how to learn through experience, training on various tasks to enhance efficiency, and effectiveness in tackling new ones. By modeling a stochastic optimal control problem within the circular restricted three-body problem framework as a Markov decision process, an LSTM-based network agent is trained using proximal policy optimization, considering operational constraints and stochastic effects for safety and robustness evaluation. Additionally, an MLP-based agent and an optimal control pseudo-spectral solution are assessed for comparison. The resulting tool autonomously guides spacecraft in cislunar proximity operations, approximating the optimal control solution with a versatile algorithmic framework. This ensures both robustness and computational efficiency.
Design and Implementation of a Ka-band Folding Rib Mesh Antenna for CubeSats
Authors: Sauder Jonathan F. , Chahat Nacer , Hodges Richard E. , Rahmat-Samii Yahya , Thomson Mark
Published: October 2024

In the past decade, CubeSats have undergone a revolution, moving from university research projects to enabling industry opportunities and government missions. In 2014, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology (JPL/Caltech) initiated a research and technology development effort to advance CubeSat communication capabilities. One of the critical thrusts was the Ka-band parabolic deployable antenna (KaPDA). This antenna started with the ambitious goal of fitting a 42 dB, 0.5 m, 35 GHz antenna in a 1.5U canister. At that time, there had been minimal development in high-gain CubeSat antennas, critical for high-data-rate communications and remote sensing science. A Ka-band high-gain antenna would provide a 10,000 times increase in data communication rates over an X-band patch antenna and a 100 times increase over state-of-the-art S-band parabolic antennas. This paper discusses designing, building, integrating, and operating the flight antenna from a mechanical perspective, its final performance, and lessons learned. KaPDA enabled the RainCube mission, the first Earth Science CubeSat to have an active instrument. RainCube was launched in May 2018, making KaPDA the second deployable parabolic antenna to fly on a CubeSat and the first to operate in Ka-band, enabling follow-on opportunities for high-rate antenna communications and remote sensing science.
Concussion Incidence by Type of Sport: Differences by Sex, Age Groups, Type of Session, and Level of Play An Overview of Systematic Reviews With Meta-analysis
Authors: Matias-Soto Javier , Infante-Cano Marta , García-Muñoz Cristina , Pineda-Escobar Saul , Martinez-Calderon Javier
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES: To (1) summarize pooled prevalence and incidence rates of concussion by type of sport and (2) synthesize the differences in prevalence or incidence rates of concussion by type of sports in terms of sex, age, type of session, and level of competition.

DESIGN: An overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis.

LITERATURE SEARCH: CINAHL, Embase, Epistemonikos, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched.

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Systematic reviews with meta-analyses reporting pooled incidence or prevalence of sport-related concussion.

DATA SYNTHESIS: AMSTAR 2 was used to assess the methodological quality of reviews. Overlap between reviews was calculated.

RESULTS: Ten systematic reviews with meta-analysis were included, all evaluating incidence rates of concussion. There were no meta-analyses of concussion prevalence. Concussions seem to have a higher incidence in rugby, snowboarding, ice hockey, and American football. In reviews that explored sex-based differences across subgroups, there was a higher incidence rate of concussion in baseball-softball, basketball, and soccer in females compared to males. There were no age subgroups analyzed. The incidence of concussions was higher during games compared to practice in American football, ice hockey, rugby, and soccer. Amateur rugby had higher concussion rates compared to professional rugby.

CONCLUSIONS: Rugby, snowboarding, ice hockey, and American football had the highest incidence rate of concussion when no other differences (eg, type of session) were considered. However, important methodological flaws were detected, such as the lack of use of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) system and subgroups for specific factors (eg, age groups). J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(11):702-710. Epub 15 October 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12677
Mental essence and specificity of Russian social ontology
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, GALANINA Natalia V. , ELAGINA Galina V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, DYACHENKO Natalia V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2024

The article examines the philosophical aspect of Russian social ontology peculiarity as the basis for the worldview of the Russian people. The main directions of criticizing the Western type of thinking by Russian philosophers are revealed. It is proved that Russian social ontology acquires its relevance in the context of forming new world, external challenges for Russia from the collective West and alien rational-utilitarian values. The compliance of Russian traditional ontology with the basic social and cultural values of the Russian society is traced. The ontological strategy is considered to be the basis for a constructive view on transforming social reality.
Diagnosing and building students’ versatile competencies at State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KIRICHEK Aleksander V. , KHODIKOVA Nina A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2024

The article describes a study conducted at State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia aimed at identifying the level of formation of a number of soft skills (or versatile competencies) among students of the Academy, which are particularly important for the activities of EMERCOM employees. Based on the analysis of the results of this study, the authors draw conclusions about further ways of diagnostic work to identify the level of students’ soft skills development at the Academy. Recommendations on the formation of students' necessary skills and personal qualities are also presented. The article can be used by the academic staff of the Academy in scientific and pedagogical activities.
Exploring the repeatability of pulse arrival time in healthy subjects: A test-retest approach
Authors: Jose Annie S. , Srivastav Shival , Mehta Bharati
Published: October 2024

Objectives:

Vascular ageing is increasingly being recognised as a vital marker of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Assessment of vascular stiffness is an important parameter in this context. Pulse arrival time (PAT) assessed using photoplethysmography (PPG) and digital electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is a feasible and cost-effective parameter for this assessment. However, there are few, if any, studies that have assessed the test-retest repeatability of this parameter over time.

Materials and Methods:

We computed PAT using finger PPG and Lead II ECG and measured it sequentially at five instances over a period of 1 month in 21 healthy adults (10 males and 11 females). Mean and diastolic blood pressure (MBP and DBP) and heart rate (HR) were also measured at each visit. A novel parameter, PAT normalised for HR of 75 (PAT-75), was also computed. PAT and PAT-75 were compared for these visits using repeated measures analysis of variance. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the test-retest reliability of this parameter.

Results:

MBP, DBP, and PAT values did not show any difference between the visits. HR was significantly different between the visits. PAT-75 was significantly lower for the afternoon of day 1 as compared to the forenoon. ICC demonstrated only moderate reliability of PAT (ICC = 0.57), with further reduction observed for PAT-75 (ICC = 0.38).

Conclusion:

PAT was only moderately repeatable on repeated evaluation over a 1-month period. This finding may have implications for the large-scale applicability of this technology, and therefore, we propose further investigation into the repeatability of this parameter in large cohorts.
Comparação de anotações AMR entre línguas: problemas e soluções
Authors: Baptista Jorge , Reis Sónia , Santos Pedro A. , Dias João
Published: October 2024

Este estudo apresenta uma adaptação do esquema de Representação
Abstrata de Significado (em inglês, Abstract Meaning Representation – AMR) para o português europeu. Esta adaptação, a que se chamou Representação Lexicalizada de Significado (Lexicalized Meaning Representation – LMR) foi considerada necessária para lidar com desafios específicos apresentados pela gramática da língua, mas também por várias questões linguísticas suscitadas pela versão atual das diretivas de anotação de AMR. Alguns destes aspetos foram uma consequência do uso de notação semelhante ao AMR para representar textos reais, do domínio jurídico, que permitisse o seu uso em aplicações de processamento de linguagem natural (PLN). Neste contexto, vários aspetos do AMR foram drasticamente simplificados, por exemplo, a representação de expressões multipalavra, entidades mencionadas e expressões temporais; enquanto outros foram introduzidos de novo, tendo sido feitos esforços para manter o esquema de representação o mais compatível possível com a notação em AMR padrão.