bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virginia Tech Optical Inlet Sensor for Particle Detection: Rolls Royce M250 Turboshaft Demonstration
Authors: Antous Brittney , Byun Gwibo , Lowe K. Todd , Smith C. Fred
Published: September 2023

Propulsion systems are exposed to environmental ingestion hazards that can cause significant damage and decrease performance. Particles are ingested in a wide range of flight environments that can cause immediate engine failure or long-term damage. An accurate measurement technique has been developed to quantify particle ingestion and aid engine health monitoring. This sensor utilizes scattering and extinction techniques along with machine learning models to measure particle characteristics based on a robust and versatile library. The capabilities of this sensor have been demonstrated using solid quartz particles on the Rolls-Royce M250-C20B particle ingestion turboshaft test engine. To the authors' knowledge, this work presents the first demonstration and validation of optical solid particle sensing in a turbine engine. CSPEC sand (Mil-E-5007C) was ingested for the validation test at two different feed rates using a sand feeder. The sand concentrations were 45 mg/m3 and 22 mg/m3. The sensor outputs the particle characteristics of aspect ratio (AR), size distribution (σ), Sauter mean diameter (D32), and the particle mass flowrate. The Sauter mean diameter and mass flowrate of ingested sand were calculated using the machine learning model outputs and validated by independent measurements. The sensor produced a 0.1 g/min RMS error compared to the validation measurement.
The Hybrid Pathway to Flexible Power Turbines, Part II: Fast Data Transfer Methods Between Varying Fidelity Simulations, to Enable Efficient Conjugate Thermal Field Prediction
Authors: Baker Mark , Rosic Budimir
Published: September 2023

The global drive toward renewable energy is imposing challenging operating requirements on power turbines. Flexible load-leveling applications must accept more frequent and demanding start-stop cycles. Full transient analyses are too computationally expensive for real-time simulation across all operating regimes so monitoring relies on sparse physical measurements. Alone, these sparse data lack the fidelity for real-time prediction of a complex thermal field. A novel hybrid methodology is proposed, coupling data across a range of fidelities to bridge the limitations in the individual analyses. Combining several fidelity methods in parallel; low-order models, corrected by real-time physical measurements, are calibrated with high-fidelity simulations. A newly developed low-order thermal network code is used to predict the thermal field in real-time. High-fidelity flow characteristics are routinely transferred to the decoupled low-order solution. A critical enabling feature of this hybrid approach is the fast data interpolation between differing fidelity numerical simulations. This paper evaluates a spatial Kriging method for robust data transfer between two different fidelity mesh, tested in the case of thermal profile prediction of a power turbine. Additionally, a novel coordinate-based hash mapping process is demonstrated for the fast high-to-low fidelity data transfer. Localized hashing allows independent, parallel, nearest neighbor search at significantly reduced computational cost. The demonstrated method facilitates fast mesh pairing, necessary to support the real-time hybrid method for thermal field prediction during turbine transient operation.
Future Innovations in Novel Detection for Atrial Fibrillation (FIND-AF): pilot study of an electronic health record machine learning algorithm-guided intervention to identify undiagnosed atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nadarajah Ramesh , Wahab Ali , Reynolds Catherine , Raveendra Keerthenan , Askham Deborah , Dawson Richard , Keene John , Shanghavi Sagar , Lip Gregory Y H , Hogg David , Cowan Campbel , Wu Jianhua , Gale Chris P
Published: September 2023

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a fivefold increased risk of stroke. Oral anticoagulation reduces the risk of stroke, but AF is elusive. A machine learning algorithm (Future Innovations in Novel Detection of Atrial Fibrillation (FIND-AF)) developed to predict incident AF within 6 months using data in primary care electronic health records (EHRs) could be used to guide AF screening. The objectives of the FIND-AF pilot study are to determine yields of AF during ECG monitoring across AF risk estimates and establish rates of recruitment and protocol adherence in a remote AF screening pathway.

Methods and analysis

The FIND-AF Pilot is an interventional, non-randomised, single-arm, open-label study that will recruit 1955 participants aged 30 years or older, without a history of AF and eligible for oral anticoagulation, identified as higher risk and lower risk by the FIND-AF risk score from their primary care EHRs, to a period of remote ECG monitoring with a Zenicor-ECG device. The primary outcome is AF diagnosis during ECG monitoring, and secondary outcomes include recruitment rates, withdrawal rates, adherence to ECG monitoring and prescription of oral anticoagulation to participants diagnosed with AF during ECG monitoring.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has ethical approval (the North West—Greater Manchester South Research Ethics Committee reference 23/NW/0180). Findings will be announced at relevant conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals in line with the Funder’s open access policy.

Trial registration number

NCT05898165.
Physical viability of exponential entropy on charged AdS black hole through thermodynamic geometries
Authors: Jawad Abdul , Yasir Muhammad , Raza Hussnain
Published: September 2023

A detailed discussion on phase transition, stability and microscopic structure of a charged black hole in anti-de Sitter (AdS) by using exponential entropy is presented. For this black hole, the thermodynamic characteristics such as the Hawking temperature, specific heat and the $$P-v$$

P
-
v

curve will be developed and investigated with the variation of black hole horizon radius and monopole parameter. We also study the scalar curvatures of this black hole by using several thermodynamic geometry formulations, such as the Ruppeiner, Weinhold, HPEM, Quevedo in view of exponential entropy. Moreover, we extract the HPEM and Quevedo formulations of the charged AdS black hole which may provide more data on the phase-transition than the Weinhold and Ruppeiner techniques.
Effect of electric interaction on the deflection and gravitational lensing in the strong field limit
Authors: Zhou Shangjie , Chen Muchun , Jia Junji
Published: September 2023

The deflection angle$$\Delta \phi $$Δϕof charged signals in general charged spacetime in the strong deflection limit is analyzed in this work using a perturbative method generalized from the neutral signal case. The solved$$\Delta \phi $$Δϕnaturally contains the finite distance effect and takes a quasi-power series form with a logarithmic divergence at the leading order. The coefficients of the series contain both the gravitational and electric contributions. Using the Reissner–Nordström spacetime as an example, we found that an electric repulsion (or attraction) tends to decrease (or increase) the critical impact parameter$$b_c$$bc. If the repulsion is strong enough, then$$b_c$$bccan shrink to zero and the critical particle sphere$$r_{0c}$$r0cwill disappear. These results are applied to the gravitational lensing of charge signal, from which we solved the image positions, their magnifications and time delays. It is found that in general, the electric repulsion (or attraction) will decrease (or increase) the image apparent angles, the black hole shadow sizes as well as their magnifications but increase (or decrease) the time delays.
Yang–Mills–Stueckelberg theories, framing and local breaking of symmetries
Authors: Popov Alexander D.
Published: September 2023

We consider Yang–Mills theory with a compact structure group [Formula: see text] on a Lorentzian 4-manifold [Formula: see text] such that gauge transformations become identity on a submanifold [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] (framing over [Formula: see text]). The space [Formula: see text] is not necessarily a boundary of [Formula: see text] and can have dimension [Formula: see text]. Framing of gauge bundles over [Formula: see text] demands introduction of a [Formula: see text]-valued function [Formula: see text] with support on [Formula: see text] and modification of Yang–Mills equations along [Formula: see text]. The fields [Formula: see text] parametrize non-equivalent flat connections mapped into each other by a dynamical group [Formula: see text] changing gauge frames over [Formula: see text]. It is shown that the charged condensate [Formula: see text] is the Stueckelberg field generating an effective mass of gluons in the domain [Formula: see text] of space [Formula: see text] and keeping them massless outside [Formula: see text]. We argue that the local Stueckelberg field [Formula: see text] can be responsible for color confinement. We also briefly discuss local breaking of symmetries in gravity. It is shown that framing of the tangent bundle over a subspace of spacetime makes gravitons massive in this subspace.
Boundary triples and Weyl functions for Dirac operators with singular interactions
Authors: Behrndt Jussi , Holzmann Markus , Stelzer-Landauer Christian , Stenzel Georg
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we develop a systematic approach to treat Dirac operators [Formula: see text] with singular electrostatic, Lorentz scalar, and anomalous magnetic interactions of strengths [Formula: see text], respectively, supported on points in [Formula: see text], curves in [Formula: see text], and surfaces in [Formula: see text] that is based on boundary triples and their associated Weyl functions. First, we discuss the one-dimensional case which also serves as a motivation for the multidimensional setting. Afterwards, in the two- and three-dimensional situation we construct quasi, generalized, and ordinary boundary triples and their Weyl functions, and provide a detailed characterization of the associated Sobolev spaces, trace theorems, and the mapping properties of integral operators which play an important role in the analysis of [Formula: see text]. We make a substantial step towards more rough interaction supports [Formula: see text] and consider general compact Lipschitz hypersurfaces. We derive conditions for the interaction strengths such that the operators [Formula: see text] are self-adjoint, obtain a Krein-type resolvent formula, and characterize the essential and discrete spectrum. These conditions include purely Lorentz scalar and purely non-critical anomalous magnetic interactions as well as the confinement case, the latter having an important application in the mathematical description of graphene. Using a certain ordinary boundary triple, we also show the self-adjointness of [Formula: see text] for arbitrary critical combinations of the interaction strengths under the condition that [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-smooth and derive its spectral properties. In particular, in the critical case, a loss of Sobolev regularity in the operator domain and a possible additional point of the essential spectrum are observed.
Quantum conditional entropy based on local quantum Bernoulli noises
Authors: Han Qi , Wang Shuai , Gou Lijie , Zhang Rong
Published: September 2023

Quantum noise has always been an important issue in the field of quantum information transmission. As the localization of quantum noise, local quantum Bernoulli noises (LQBNs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. In this paper, the quantum conditional entropy based on LQBNs is deeply discussed, and a new definition of quantum conditional entropy is given. Then we find that this quantum conditional entropy has some basic properties such as concavity, conditional reduced entropy and unitary invariance. This research is of great significance to the field of quantum information, which can help us to understand the influence of local quantum noises on quantum information transmission.
On the supersingular locus of the Shimura variety for GU(2,2) over a ramified prime
Authors: Oki Yasuhiro
Published: September 2023

We study the structure of the supersingular locus of the Rapoport–Zink integral model of the Shimura variety for [Formula: see text] over a ramified odd prime with the special maximal parahoric level. We prove that the supersingular locus equals the disjoint union of two basic loci, one of which is contained in the flat locus, and the other is not. We also describe explicitly the structure of the basic loci. More precisely, the former one is purely [Formula: see text]-dimensional, and each irreducible component is birational to the Fermat surface. On the other hand, the latter one is purely [Formula: see text]-dimensional, and each irreducible component is birational to the projective line.
CodeGen-Search: A Code Generation Model Incorporating Similar Sample Information
Authors: Li HongWei , Kuang JiangLing , Zhong MaoSheng , Wang ZhiXiang , Liu Gen , Liu GanLin , Xiao YingJian
Published: September 2023

Code generation has a positive significance in supporting software development, reducing labor intensity, and improving development efficiency. Some scholars use similar code information to enhance the quality of code generation. However, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of programming in daily development tasks, developers often search for similar samples as references. They get the code’s syntactic structure and semantic information from similar samples to assist in programming development. Inspired by this, we argue that similar samples are helpful for code generation. This paper proposes a CodeGen-Search model to improve code generation quality by incorporating similar samples. To fully utilize the information of similar samples, the model adopts the “pre-training [Formula: see text] fine-tuning” pattern. The model uses a minimum edit distance algorithm to find some similar samples with natural language (NL), and uses different encoders to extract the features of the NL and the code in similar samples. Experimental results show that our model efficiently improves the quality of the generated code. Compared to the state-of-the-art model, the CodeGen-Search model improves the BLEU by 1.5%, the Rough by 0.8% on the HS dataset, and the StrAcc by 0.5% on the ATIS dataset.
Analytical models of hyperbolical gravitational sources
Authors: Yousaf Z. , Bhatti M. Z. , Asad H.
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to conduct an extensive examination of hyperbolically symmetrical static fluid distributions, wherein a precise analysis of their physical characteristics is carried out in the background of modified [Formula: see text] gravity, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] stands for Gauss Bonnet invariant and energy-momentum trace, respectively. The outcomes reveal that the energy density exhibits negative value, thus implying that any utilization of such fluids necessitates extremely demanding circumstances where quantum effects would be significantly influential. Furthermore, it has been determined that these fluid distributions cannot take the vicinity surrounding their central point of symmetry and leave behind an empty vacuum cavity in its place. Additionally, an appropriate definition for mass function and the complexity factor is determined. Eventually, we exhibit a broad strategy for accomplishing particular solutions and showcase several instances of exact analytical solutions in the presence of [Formula: see text] correction terms.
Production cross-sections and radiative decay widths of heavy quarkonia in magnetized matter
Authors: Mishra Amruta , Kumar Ankit , Misra S. P.
Published: September 2023

We study the production cross-sections and radiative decay widths of heavy quarkonia (charmonia and bottomonia) in magnetized nuclear matter. The production cross-sections of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], from the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] scatterings, respectively, are studied from the medium modifications of the masses and partial decay widths to open charm (bottom) mesons, of these heavy flavor mesons. Within a chiral effective model, the masses of the vector and pseudoscalar charmonium (bottomonium) states are calculated from the medium modification of a dilaton field, [Formula: see text], which mimics the gluon condensates of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The effects of the Dirac sea (DS) and the anomalous magnetic moments (AMMs) of the nucleons are taken into consideration in this study. In the presence of a magnetic field, there is mixing of the pseudoscalar (P) meson and the longitudinal component of the vector (V) meson (PV mixing), which leads to appreciable modifications of their masses. The radiative decay widths of the vector (V) heavy quarkonia to the pseudoscalar (P) mesons ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the charm sector and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], for the bottom sector) in the magnetized asymmetric nuclear matter are also investigated in this work. The difference in the mass of the transverse component from the longitudinal component of the vector meson, arising due to PV mixing, is observed as a double peak structure in the invariant mass spectrum of the production cross-section of [Formula: see text]. This is observed to be appreciably more pronounced as the value of the magnetic field is increased. For the bottomonium ([Formula: see text]) production cross-section, the effect of the PV mixing effect is observed to be marginal, and there is observed to be a downward shift in the peak position due to the DS contributions. The modifications of the production cross-sections as well as the radiative decay widths of the heavy quarkonia in the magnetized matter should have observable consequences on the production of these heavy flavor mesons resulting from ultra-relativistic peripheral heavy ion collision experiments, where the created magnetic field can be extremely large.
OSS Sustainability Assessment Based on the Deep Learning Considering Effort Wiener Process Data
Authors: Tamura Yoshinobu , Miyamoto Shoichiro , Zhou Lei , Yamada Shigeru
Published: September 2023

This paper focuses on the sustainability based on the effort by using the fault big data of open source software (OSS). The fault detection phenomenon depends on the maintenance effort, because the number of software fault is influenced by the effort expenditure. Actually, the software reliability growth models with testing-effort have been proposed in the past. In this paper, we apply the deep learning approach to the OSS fault big data. Also, we propose the reliability assessment measure of sustainability. Then, we show several sustainability assessment measure based on the deep learning. Moreover, several numerical illustrations based on the proposed deep learning model are shown in this paper.
On Estimation of Generalized Process Capability Index Cpy for One Parameter Polynomial Exponential Family of Distributions and Its Natural Discrete Version
Authors: Maiti Sudhansu S. , Bhattacharya Amartya , Choudhury Mriganka Mouli , Gupta Arindam
Published: September 2023

Estimation of generalized process capability index (GPCI), [Formula: see text] defined as the ratio of the proportion of specification conformance (or process yield) to the proportion of desired (or natural) conformance, is considered under study. The index covers normal as well as nonnormal and continuous as well as discrete quality characteristics. It can be assessed under either unilateral or bilateral specifications. Its expressions have been derived for one parameter polynomial exponential (OPPE), and natural discrete one parameter polynomial exponential (NDOPPE) distributed quality characteristic. Two estimators, maximum likelihood (ML) and uniformly minimum variance unbiased (UMVU), have been derived. Theoretical comparison of these estimators is made with respect to mean squared error (MSE) through a simulation study since the closed-form expression of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of the distributions’ parameter is not available. Three data sets are analyzed for illustration purposes; the estimates are compared in respect of estimated variances as MSEs cannot be computed.
Reliability and Sensitivity Analysis of an Insured System with Conditional Warranty Duration Lengthier than Insurance Duration
Authors: Sachdeva Kajal , Taneja Gulshan , Manocha Amit
Published: September 2023

The terms reliability, warranty and insurance are interwoven in some ways. The warranty of system and insurance coverage offered by the manufacturer or third party reflects its potential reliability. In certain situations, the insurance may expire before the warranty time. To address this issue, the reliability and sensitivity analysis of a single-unit insured system has been carried out. The system may functions in warranty period with or without insurance cover whereas no insurance cover is given during nonwarranty period. If faults are covered under warranty or the insurance terms, the manufacturer or insurance company is liable to pay all the repair/replacement costs; otherwise, the user must pay the entire cost. The reliability metrics of the system and factors impacting system profitability are derived using Markov and regenerative processes. Profit equations and sensitivity functions are established for all stakeholders. The sensitivity function for system availability is also derived for all the possible considered periods. Exponential distribution is used to illustrate the developed model numerically.
Size-Dependent Frequency Analysis of Higher-Order Microplates with FGP Core and Polymeric CNTRC Faces Considering Piezoelectricity
Authors: Wang Xiaonan , Kumar Abhinav
Published: September 2023

The present study examines a microplate with a porous structure and two nanocomposite piezoelectric layers. All the layers’ properties are graded functionally, bonded to each other, and supported by an elastic foundation that can withstand both normal and shear loads. Additionally, carbon nanotubes are used to increase the electro-mechanical performance of the piezoelectric patches, which are exposed to an externally applied electric voltage. Using a higher-order trigonometric shear deformation theory and von Karman’s assumptions, the kinematic relations are demonstrated. The governing motion equations are derived using Hamilton’s principle and variational technique, and the modified couple stress theory is employed to take the scale effect into account. An analytical method based on Fourier series functions is used to solve the differential motion equations, and the impact of diverse factors such as porosity percentage, pore distribution patterns, carbon nanotubes distribution patterns, and other key parameters on the normalized frequencies of the model is analyzed after verifying the accuracy of the results. The findings of this research may aid in the development and production of smart structures and devices with increased efficiency.
Division in the plactic monoid
Authors: Monico Chris
Published: September 2023

In [D. R. L. Brown, Plactic key agreement (insecure?), J. Math. Cryptol. 17(1) (2023) 20220010], a novel cryptographic key exchange technique was proposed using the plactic monoid, based on the apparent difficulty of solving division problems in that monoid. Specifically, given elements [Formula: see text] in the plactic monoid, the problem is to find [Formula: see text] for which [Formula: see text], given that such a [Formula: see text] exists. In this paper, we introduce a metric on the plactic monoid and use it to give a probabilistic algorithm for solving that problem which is fast for parameter values in the range of interest.
HYPERMATRIX ALGEBRA AND IRREDUCIBLE ARITY IN HIGHER-ORDER SYSTEMS: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: ZAPATA-CARRATALÁ CARLOS , SCHICH MAXIMILIAN , BEYNON TALIESIN , ARSIWALLA XERXES D.
Published: September 2023

Theoretical and computational frameworks of complexity science are dominated by binary structures. This binary bias, seen in the ubiquity of pair-wise networks and formal binary operations in mathematical models, limits our capacity to faithfully capture irreducible polyadic interactions in higher-order systems. A paradigmatic example of a higher-order interaction is the Borromean link of three interlocking rings. In this paper, we propose a mathematical framework via hypergraphs and hypermatrix algebras that allows to formalize such forms of higher-order bonding and connectivity in a parsimonious way. Our framework builds on and extends current techniques in higher-order networks — still mostly rooted in binary structures such as adjacency matrices — and incorporates recent developments in higher-arity structures to articulate the compositional behavior of adjacency hypermatrices. Irreducible higher-order interactions turn out to be a widespread occurrence across natural sciences and socio-cultural knowledge representation. We demonstrate this by reviewing recent results in computer science, physics, chemistry, biology, ecology, social science, and cultural analysis through the conceptual lens of irreducible higher-order interactions. We further speculate that the general phenomenon of emergence in complex systems may be characterized by spatio-temporal discrepancies of interaction arity.
Concentrating solutions for a fractional p-Laplacian logarithmic Schrödinger equation
Authors: Alves Claudianor O. , Ambrosio Vincenzo
Published: September 2023

We consider the following fractional [Formula: see text]-Laplacian logarithmic Schrödinger equation: [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is the fractional [Formula: see text]-Laplacian operator, [Formula: see text] is a continuous potential satisfying a local condition. By applying suitable variational arguments, we analyze the existence and concentration of solutions as [Formula: see text] for the above problem.
Enhancing Near-Infrared Photoresponsivity of MoS2-Based Photodetectors Through MWCNTs Integration
Authors: Ravan Bahram Abedi
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we present a novel hybrid material consisting of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS[Formula: see text] with enhanced photoresponsivity in the near-infrared (NIR) region. MoS2 nanosheets are obtained through chemical exfoliation in NMP solvent, and MWCNTs are grown on these nanosheets using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. The combination of the NIR transparency of MWCNTs and the high UV light absorption of MoS2 leads to a substantial increase in the photoresponsivity ([Formula: see text] of the MoS2@MWCNTs hybrid compared to bare MoS2 specifically in the NIR region. Experimental results demonstrate a remarkable enhancement of [Formula: see text] from 18.6 [Formula: see text]A/W to 155.7 [Formula: see text]A/W in the hybrid material, whereas the opposite trend is observed in the case of bare MoS2.
Impact of Showing Robot Demonstration on Introducing Social Robotics Field to University Students
Authors: Baihaqi Muhammad Yeza , Xu Sendren Sheng-Dong
Published: September 2023

Despite the social robotics’ potential to revolutionize human life, the field of social robotics has been less appealing and less popular than other robotics fields in both industrial and research domains. Therefore, many students are unfamiliar with this field. To expedite the development of the social robotics sector, numerous efforts must be made, including introducing students to the topic. In this study, we developed teaching materials and a procedure for introducing university students to the topic of social robotics. A robot demonstration was also utilized to provide participants with a more engaging experience and a deeper knowledge of the importance of social robotics. The ultimate objective of this paper is to provide a reference for lecturers and instructors in introducing social robots to students in the hope that they will become interested in the field, whether for the purposes of research or simply to learn more about this topic. We evaluated the proposed teaching materials and procedures for a small class size based on behavioral and subjective measurements. We also compared the outcome of presentations with and without a robot demonstration. In addition, we performed semi-structured interviews with 10 random participants who wanted to expand our qualitative analysis. Both presentations, with and without robot demonstration, successfully delivered the material. The experimental findings indicated that the robot demonstration had a significant impact on students’ satisfaction with the presentation and their desire to participate in similar presentations in the future.
Characterizations of GRW spacetimes admitting Ricci–Yamabe solitons
Authors: Sardar Arpan , De Uday Chand
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we investigate Ricci–Yamabe solitons (RYSs) and gradient Ricci–Yamabe solitons (gradient RYSs) in generalized Robertson–Walker (GRW) spacetimes. At first, we prove that if a GRW spacetime admits a RYS, then it becomes a perfect fluid spacetime (PFS) and the divergence of the Weyl tensor vanishes. Also, a GRW spacetime admitting a RYS is of Petrov type [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] and in case of four dimension, the spacetime turns into a Robertson–Walker spacetime. Next, we show that if a GRW spacetime of constant scalar curvature admits a gradient RYS, then it becomes a PFS and the divergence of the Weyl tensor vanishes.
Clinical application of intrapulmonary percussive ventilation: A scoping review
Authors: Hassan Anwar , Takacs Sidney , Orde Sam , Alison Jennifer A. , Huang Stephen , Milross Maree A.
Published: September 2023

Impaired respiratory function secondary to acute or chronic respiratory disease poses a significant clinical and healthcare burden. Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is used in various clinical settings to treat excessive airway secretions, pulmonary atelectasis, and impaired gas exchange. Despite IPV’s wide use, there is a lack of clinical guidance on IPV application which may lead to inconsistency in clinical practice. This scoping review aimed to summarise the clinical application methods and dosage of IPV used by clinicians and researchers to provide guidance. A two-staged systematic search was conducted to retrieve studies that used IPV in inpatient and outpatient settings. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google scholar were searched from January 1979 till 2022. Studies with patients aged ≥16 years and published in any language were included. Two reviewers independently screened the title and abstract, reviewed full text articles, and extracted data. Search yielded 514 studies. After removing duplicates and irrelevant studies, 25 studies with 905 participants met the inclusion criteria. This is the first scoping review to summarise IPV application methods and dosages from the available studies in intensive care unit (ICU), acute inpatient (non-ICU), and outpatient settings. Some variations in clinical applications and prescribed dosages of IPV were noted. Despite variations, common trends in clinical application and prescription of IPV dosages were observed and summarised to assist clinicians with IPV intervention. Although an evidence-based clinical guideline could not be provided, this review provides detailed information on IPV application and dosages in order to provide clinical guidance and lays a foundation towards developing a clinical practice guideline in the future.
Seismogram Synthesis of Multi-Scale Layered Transversely Isotropic Saturated Half-Space Using a Revised Stiffness Matrix Method
Authors: Ba Zhenning , Niu Jiaqi , Liang Jianwen , Zhang Ji , Fu Zhanyuan
Published: September 2023

Seismogram synthesis for a multi-scale transversely isotropic (TI) saturated layered half-space subjected to seismic dislocation source is studied by a revised stiffness matrix method in this paper. First, based on Biot’s theory of wave propagation in a fluid-saturated porous solid, the governing equations of motion in TI saturated medium are transformed by Fourier–Hankel integral transform. Next, the contribution of the seismic dislocation source can be imposed in the form of body forces. Then, the global stiffness matrix with well-conditioned properties is obtained by assembling each layer’s exact stiffness matrix, which can avoid accumulating errors in the matrix transmission. By extracting the divergence exponent terms of the stiffness matrix concerning thickness and wavenumber, the bottleneck of simulating the wave propagation process in multi-scale half-space, where the layer thickness and velocity vary sharply from the near-surface region to the crustal zone, could be overcome, and a fast and accurate seismogram synthesis could be achieved. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified by comparing the calculated results with those of published literature. Finally, the method is applied to the multi-scale system with realistic superficial fine layers. Numerical examples regarding thickness, TI properties and porosity are presented to illustrate the effects of superficial layers on ground motion. The numerical results show that the surface properties affect the wave propagation and energy distribution, leading to variable impacts on the surface response in different directions; this phenomenon is more pronounced in the case of high-frequency ground motions.
Module Structures on Hoops
Authors: Borzooei R. A. , Sabetkish M. , Aaly Kologani M.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we apply the theory of modules on hoops and introduce two concepts of modules on hoops and provide special examples and interesting results. Both concepts are correct and logical. The first concept is very close to the definition of module in abstract algebra. In this case, we investigate some important results in modules such as sub-modules and quotient structures. But if we want to investigate the relationship between hoop-modules and other modules on logical algebraic structures such as [Formula: see text]-modules and [Formula: see text]-modules, we need to define the second definition of hoop-modules. In this case, we can get that a [Formula: see text]-modules and an [Formula: see text]-module from any hoop-module.
Simultaneous Solution of a Fuzzy Global Optimization Problem Using a Fixed Point Method
Authors: Bhandari Samir Kumar , Saha P. , Guria S. , Das P. , Choudhury B. S.
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we adopt a fixed point approach towards a problem of finding fuzzy distance between two subsets of a fuzzy metric space. This is accomplished simultaneously by determining two different pairs of points which are obtained by finding an optimal approximate solution of a coupled fixed point equation for an appropriate coupled contractive operator. By its nature, the problem is a global optimization problem. The coupled contraction defined here has certain properties suitable for applications to the optimization problem considered in this paper. The main result is illustrated with an example. By applications of the main theorem, a new coupled fixed point result is derived in fuzzy metric space and a new coupled proximity point result is obtained in metric spaces. This work is a continuation of a newly emerged line of research on global optimization in the context of fuzzy metric spaces.
Relationship Between L-Fuzzy Quasi-Proximity and L-Fuzzy Closure (Interior) Operators
Authors: Ramadan Ahmed A.
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to study a new relationship among [Formula: see text]-fuzzy quasi-proximity spaces, [Formula: see text]-fuzzy closure spaces and [Formula: see text]-fuzzy interior spaces and their properties are considered, where [Formula: see text] is a complete residuated lattice. Moreover, the Galois connections between [Formula: see text]-fuzzy quasi-proximity spaces, [Formula: see text]-fuzzy closure spaces and [Formula: see text]-fuzzy interior spaces are investigated. We present an example through fuzzy information system which confirms the feasibility of using the proposed approaches.
Biogenic Synthesis and Characterization of Biocompatible Iron Oxide Nanoparticles:In VitroStudy of Selective Antiproliferative Efficacy Against MCF-7 Cells and Antibacterial Potential
Authors: Buvana S. , Charles Julie , Subashini R.
Published: September 2023

The accelerating fatality rate of breast cancer patients has led to the idea of unconventional therapeutic approach in this work. Here, we report the facile, eco-benign and economically advantageous route for producing iron oxide nanoparticles employing triphala extract (TR-IONPs). MTT assay was used to assess the in-vitro anticancer effectiveness of TR-IONPs against the multi-drug-resistant breast malignant cell (MCF-7). TR-IONPs revealed a concentration-dependent effect on MCF-7 viability, with an IC[Formula: see text] value of 6.8[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL for a 24-h treatment. Thus, the cytotoxic ability was established at a much lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration. As the TR-IONPs did not show remarkable toxicity toward L929 fibroblast cells, they can be trusted as a biocompatible material for real-time biomedical applications. Apoptotic death of MCF-7 cells caused by the release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) was affirmed by DCFH-DA staining, DNA fragmentation assay and cell cycle analysis. Through Kirby–Bauer Disk Diffusion assay, TR-IONPs were found to hold potent antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacterial pathogens. With the demonstrated favorable results, TR-IONPs may serve as a reliable multi-functional material in the field of nanobiotechnology.
On Rabotnov fractional exponential function for bi-univalent subclasses
Authors: Al-Hawary Tariq , Frasin Basem Aref , Wanas Abbas Kareem , Oros Georgia Irina
Published: September 2023

Considering the interesting results obtained recently by studying Rabotnov function, a new investigation is presented in this paper related to the topic of introducing new classes of bi-univalent functions. Using the normalized Rabotnov function and the concept of subordination, a new class of bi-univalent functions [Formula: see text] is defined and studied regarding coefficient estimates. Bounds of the Taylor–Maclaurin coefficients [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are given and using those estimates, Fekete–Szegö problem is also investigated for the newly introduced class. For particular values of the parameters involved in the definition of the class [Formula: see text], certain particular classes are obtained and investigated in the corollaries associated to each result proved for the class [Formula: see text].
On the semisimplicity of twisted group rings and generalized Maschke’s theorem
Authors: Thomas Alanka , Romeo P. G.
Published: September 2023

Classical Maschke’s theorem gives a condition for the semisimplicity of group algebras over a field. As group algebras are a particular case of twisted group rings, we extend Maschke’s theorem to twisted group rings over division rings by proving that if the characteristic of a division ring [Formula: see text] does not divide the order of a finite group [Formula: see text], twisted group ring [Formula: see text] is semisimple. Then we prove the converse of this theorem for twisted group rings arising from split extensions of [Formula: see text] by [Formula: see text]. As there is a one-to-one correspondence between twisted group rings and group lattices over division rings, we conclude with the consequence of the semisimplicity of twisted group rings on group lattices.
A novel automatic Siamese neural network for hyperspectral image classification
Authors: Yuan Qing
Published: September 2023

Hyperspectral image is gradually becoming the main medium in satellite observations. It provides rich spectral information of different channels to help explore various gas states. Its classification problem is among the most significant tasks on the hyperspectral image processing and application. But the classification often faces the difficulty of imbalanced data and differentiated intra-class/inter-class difference. A lot of deep learning methods have attempted to solve this problem by designing different kinds of networks, but they suffer from the query of whether the network is optimal. This paper provides an automatically framework to deal with the above problem. First of all, we introduced siamese framework to reduce the impact of imbalanced data and various intra-class/inter-class difference. Then, we designed a multi-branch search space with several convolutional operators, especially a gradient-based updating rules to search the architecture. After using ”time [Formula: see text] performance” criterion, we obtain the model on two public hyperspectral image dataset. The experimental results outperformed all other compared algorithms.
Carbon Emissions and Its Relationship with Foreign Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Salman Asma , Razzaq Muthanna G. Abdul , Chang Bisharat Hussain , Wong Wing-Keung , Uddin Mohammed Ahmar
Published: September 2023

Previous research has investigated the connections between foreign direct investment (FDI), carbon emissions (CO2), and foreign trade openness. However, these past studies did not specifically focus on industrial sectors in China and their carbon emissions, thus leaving a gap in understanding this relationship. In our study, we aim to contribute to the existing body of knowledge by employing a threshold regression model with a threshold variable. This model calculates how strongly carbon emissions are produced to assess the impact of the industrial sector on carbon emissions. Our findings reveal that foreign trade openness and FDI have a threefold threshold impact on industrial carbon emissions. The effect of FDI on carbon emissions in the industrial sector shows a pattern of initially lowering and then increasing the emissions, indicating potential harm. Conversely, the impact of foreign trade openness on carbon emissions exhibits both positive and negative effects. While foreign trade openness exacerbates carbon emissions in economic sectors with lower carbon intensity, it helps mitigate emissions in sectors with high- carbon emission levels. Furthermore, our study identifies that the intensity of economic activity, per capita GDP, and the number of employees all significantly influence the industrial sector’s carbon emissions. By employing the latest cutting-edge methodology, our research opens the door for extrapolating these findings to other nations for a comprehensive analysis.
Dielectric spectroscopy characterization of Na+ ion-conducting polymer nanocomposite system PEO–PVP–NaIO4–TiO2
Authors: Hadjichristov Georgi B. , Kovacheva Daniela G. , Marinov Yordan G. , Karashanova Daniela B. , Vlakhov Todor E. , Scaramuzza Nicola
Published: September 2023

We studied the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) on dielectric behavior of Na[Formula: see text] ion-conducting salt-complexed polymer nanocomposite system formed from a binary polymer blend of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), with the addition of both sodium metaperiodate (NaIO4) at concentration 10[Formula: see text]wt.% and TiO2 NPs of size ∼10[Formula: see text]nm, at concentrations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5[Formula: see text]wt.%. Free standing nanocomposite PEO/PVP/NaIO4/TiO2 films (150[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m) were characterized at room-temperature by analyzing their complex electrical impedance and dielectric spectra in the range 1[Formula: see text]Hz–1[Formula: see text]MHz. At the concentration of 3[Formula: see text]wt.% of TiO2 NPs, both ion conductivity and dielectric permittivity of the PEO/PVP/NaIO4/TiO2 ion-conducting dielectrics reach an enhancement by more than one order of magnitude as compared to nanoadditive-free case.
Factors Affecting the Crude Oil Prices Volatility: A Case Study of the USA, China, Japan, Germany and India
Authors: Ajmal Alia , Sahi Chaudhry Abdullah Imran , -Wong Wing-Keung , Ali Ramzan , Rasheed Abid
Published: September 2023

This paper investigates the determinants of crude oil in the world’s top five economies, including the USA, China, Germany, Japan and India. To examine the impact of the exchange rate, oil imports, oil demand by the commercial sector, oil demand by the transport sector, oil demand by the power sector, industrial production and oil inventory on crude oil prices of the top five economies have been studied from 1990 to 2020. We applied the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for the analysis of the research. Panel results showed a significant impact of the exchange rate in the long and short run on crude oil prices. On the other hand, in case of Germany’s Industrial production, exchange rate, oil imports, and demand for oil by the power sectors have a significant effect on the prices of crude oil. In the case of India, industrial production, exchange rate, oil consumption, investment in oil, import of oil and demand for oil by the transport sectors have a significant effect on the prices of crude oil. In the case of the USA, crude oil inventories have a significant impact on crude oil prices in the long run. In the case of Japan’s exchange rate, oil consumption has a substantial effect on crude oil prices in both the long run and short run. We found that the exchange rate is the most significant factor which influences crude oil prices in all five countries.
Comparing Flood Damages to an Industrial Region in Turkey Using Several Methods
Authors: Spor Pınar , Doğan Emrah
Published: September 2023

Floods are one of the disasters that cause the greatest damage to social life, living health, economy and environment. This paper reveals the calculation of the economic damage of the commercial areas located near the creek due to floods in Sakarya, Dinsiz Stream. In this study, first, flood propagation maps were produced according to 50, 100, 200 and 500 years of flood flow periods that may occur in the study area. The HECRAS program was used to produce the flood maps and a 2D model was created from these maps, water level maps were obtained and then depth damage curves were used to figure out the economic losses leading to flood. In addition to the Huizinga, van Eck and Kok, ICBR, Pistrika and Jonkman flood damage assessment methods, which are frequently used in the literature, the HAZUS-MH method was used to calculate the economic losses that may occur in commercial areas. While HAZUS has functions that make separate calculations for each commercial sector, in other methods, calculations are made over the total area without sector discrimination. In addition, HAZUS has more detailed ranges of flooding water depths and therefore the calculation of damage rates corresponding to water depths can be done with higher precision than other methods. According to the data obtained as a result of the study, the losses exceeded million euros in all methods, while the highest values were in the Pistrika and Jonkman methods.
Modeling of Complex Moving Sound Sources Using a Cut Finite Element Method Approach
Authors: van Ophem Sjoerd , Desmet Wim , Deckers Elke
Published: September 2023

While acoustic analysis with the finite element method is commonly done under the assumption that the source location is stationary, this is not always a valid assumption. This paper derives a method to simulate moving sound sources using an unfitted mesh approach, where the source boundary is described by cutting through elements, known as the cut finite element method (cutFEM). By using such an approach the mesh stays static during simulation, even for large source movements, thus avoiding expensive re-meshing or mesh morphing steps. To be able to describe a wide variety of acoustic sources, both sources with a large and thin thickness are considered. Several time integration schemes are assessed and a method to determine the stability of the resulting time-varying system of equations is derived. The paper concludes by demonstrating the derived methods with two examples, where it is shown that the unfitted mesh approach is a viable way to simulate moving sources.