bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of management and technological maturity levels of enterprises for their dynamic development
Authors: Shpak Nestor , Vytvytska Olga , Martynyuk Olena , Kylaec Maria , Sroka Włodzimierz
Published: October 2022

Currently, the market environment contains many factors influencing the enterprise’s competitiveness. Instability, the unpredictability of events, and insufficiently effective functioning of market mechanisms alter the management focus and processes engaged in an enterprise’s functioning. Some of them are intensive in terms of required resources and finance. Such a dynamic situation requires the enterprise management to build innovative solutions to flexibly respond and timely adapt to change. Therefore, this study aims to develop theoretical and applied approaches to determining the level of managerial and technological maturity of the basic set of technologies implemented in enterprises. In the context of this issue’s development and aiming to achieve the purpose, the study proposed a model approach where the introduction of individual technologies allows combining the rules for determining the enterprise’s management and the technological maturity level, i.e., its readiness for such changes. The construction of the model was based on the analysis and calculation of statistical data from four groups of technologies (corporate, industrial, decision support, and information technologies, which are divided into subclasses) and based on the theory of dynamic innovation development. The results were tested at seven food industry enterprises in Ukraine. Based on the study, the actual level of managerial and technological maturity of enterprises was determined, creating one complex set of technologies that depend on the level and structural changes in management and the level of technological maturity of enterprises. It can be used as a typical model for differently sized enterprises representing various industries.
Avatar-based virtual reality and the associated gender stereotypes in a university environment
Authors: Pröbster Monika , Soto Marina Velert , Connolly Cornelia , Marsden Nicola
Published: October 2022

Avatar-based virtual reality (VR) is becoming more prevalent in industry and educational settings. There is, however, limited research on the extent to which gender stereotypes are present in this environment. The university laboratory study presented in this paper was conducted in a VR environment with participants who were randomly assigned to male or female avatars and instructed to negotiate the role of a manager or member of staff. The results reveal differences in satisfaction regarding their roles and gender. Participants who embodied a female avatar were less happy when they were subordinates interacting with a male avatar, compared to participants embodying a male avatar in the staff role (interacting with a female avatar). Male avatars with staff roles were also more content with their avatar than male avatars with manager roles and also reported being more comfortable in the VR experience. Relevant for diversity management when integrating VR in education and business, the results are discussed in regard to self-similarity and social identity dynamics and provide insight into understanding the extent to which gender stereotypes may be present in avatar-based VR.
Corona virus disease-19 vaccine–associated autoimmune disorders
Authors: Awan Marriam Hussain , Samreen Saba , Salim Babur , Gul Haris , Perveen Shahida , Nasim Amjad
Published: October 2022

Coronavirus disease is a highly infectious viral disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS nCoV2). It was declared a pandemic within a few months of identification of its index case. The spread of COVID-19 across the globe was rampant, overwhelming healthcare systems and crippling global economies. Since the world was caught off guard by the pandemic, vaccine programs had to be rolled out in emergency to curb its spread. Ten vaccines have been granted Emergency Use Authorization thus far. Much of the side effects we know today are post-marketing adverse effects. Most of them are mild like myalgia and injection-site reactions, but a few of them such as post-vaccination autoimmune diseases have alerted the medical community. These include vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hepatitis, myocarditis, and Graves’ disease. We attempt to summarize the diverse autoimmune phenomena reported after COVID-19 vaccination, with an aim to sensitize the medical community so that they can be better equipped in management when confronted with these diseases. This review by no means refutes the potential benefit of COVID-19 vaccination which has consolidated its place in preventing infections and substantially reducing severity and mortality.
A preliminary study of frequency and clinical relevance of cytotoxic peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells in patients with anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis
Authors: Jia Fengyun , Jiang Shan , Zhang Jiamin , Fu Qiong , Zhang Xiaoming , Ye Yan
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+DM) is an autoimmune disease frequently accompanied by rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) with high mortality. T cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of MDA5+DM and this study aims to measure the frequency and clinical relevance of cytotoxic CD4 and CD8 T cells in this disease.

Methods

T cells expressing Perforin, Granzyme B (GZMB) and Granzyme K (GZMK) were analyzed by flow cytometry from peripheral blood of 19 patients with active MDA5+DM and 19 age- and sex-matched healthy donors (HDs). The frequency of CD4 and CD8 T cells and the cytotoxic subsets were compared between patients with MDA5+DM and HDs. Correlations within T cell subsets and between T cell subsets and clinical parameters of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Myositis Intention-to-Treat Index (MITAX) were evaluated.

Results

Compared with HDs, patients with active MDA5+DM significantly had increased frequency of CD4 T cells, and reduced frequency of GZMK+GZMB− CD8 T cells. Furthermore, the frequency of GZMK+GZMB− CD8 T cells positively correlated with serum ferritin levels in active MDA5+DM patients. Notably, the patients in the Dead group of MDA5+DM had a significant higher frequency of GZMK+GZMB− CD4 and CD8 T cells.

Conclusion

Substantial changes of cytotoxic T cell subsets are observed in active MDA5+DM patients. In addition, a high frequency of GZMK+GZMB− CD4 and CD8 T cells is associated with unfavorable prognosis in MDA5+DM. More studies are warranted to further explore the roles of cytotoxic T cells in MDA5+DM.
Diagnostic value of combination of exfoliative cytology with CA125, CEA, NSE, CYFRA21-1 and CA15-3 for lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Liang , Lei Jun , Xia Jing , Cai Ang
Published: October 2022

Background: To explore the diagnostic value of combination of exfoliative cytology with detection of tumor markers carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) and CA15-3 for lung cancer.

Methods: A total of 256 patients were enrolled, including 164 males and 92 females aged (64.51±22.68) years old. Among them, 189 patients (100 males and 89 females) were randomly selected as Tumor group, and the remaining 67 patients were used for validation. Another 514 healthy people receiving physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected, from which 397 cases (266 males and 131 females) were randomly selected as No Tumor group, and the remaining 117 cases were used for validation. The biochemical criteria were detected in all subjects. The diagnostic value of each index for lung cancer was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results: The results of ROC curve analysis revealed that in Tumor group, the area under curve (AUC) of exfoliative cytology, CA125, CYFRA21-1, CA15-3, CEA and NSE was ≥0.7, while that of CA72-4, CA19-9, TSGF, AFP, CA242, SCCAg and CA50 was <0.7. The indices in each factor were comprehensively assessed, and then exfoliative cytology, CA125, CA15-3, CYFRA21-1, CEA and NSE were screened to establish the lung cancer prediction model. The diagnostic value was comparable between the prediction model and the combined detection of 9 indices (Z=1.682, P=0.079).

Conclusions: The lung cancer prediction model balances sensitivity and specificity without reducing the diagnostic efficiency.
Diffusion of calcium ions in one-third of root canals after administration of high molecular Chitosan nanohydroxyapatite medicament (In Vitro)
Authors: AKMALIA Widya Nurul , ABIDIN Trimurni
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT Calcium hydroxide is currently the gold standard medicament. Still, it has the disadvantage of leavinga residue on the surface of the root canal wall. Hence, it can interfere with the setting time and adhesion of the sealermaterial to the root canal wall. This study aims to determine the ability of calcium ion diffusion in one-third of theroot canal after administration of nanohydroxyapatite medicament with a different vehicle than calcium hydroxide.This study used 24 mandibular premolars extracted, decorated, and prepared, then grouped into four treatmentgroups. Based on the paired T-test, the study results showed no significant effect of calcium ion diffusion in group B(p = 0.739) on the 7th and 14th days. The ANOVA test results showed no significant difference in calcium ion diffusion between groups A, B, and C. on the 7th day of testing (p=0.773) and the 14th day (p=0.661). In conclusion, there was no effect and difference in the diffusion of calcium ions in the apical third after administration ofmedicament nanohydroxyapatite vehicle bidisstilled water and nanohydroxyapatite vehicle nanochitosan compared tocalcium hydroxide on the 7th and 14th day KEYWORDS: diffusion, calcium hydroxide, ion calcium, nanohydroxyapatite, nano chitosan, vehicle
Effectiveness of online education about actions of 3G motions to maintain children's oral health in the new normality era of the COVİD-19 Pandemic
Authors: WULANDARI Reno Wiska , KUSTANTININGTYASTUTI Didin , RAHMASARI Suci , PUTRI Wulandani Liza , FAJRIN Fildzah Nurul , PRATIWI Riska Ananda , FAJRIATI Safira
Published: October 2022

The actions of 3G are three motions to maintain oral health: brushing teeth, using mouthwash, andchanging the toothbrush once in 3 months. People have to brush their teeth twice a day in the morning and nightbefore sleeping, using mouthwash, and evolving their toothbrush once in 3 months is the third movement of 3G.These actions can clean teeth from bacteria and viruses. This study aims at analyzing the effectiveness of onlineeducation about the actions of 3G to maintain oral health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This research is a crosssectionalanalytical study with data collection using a questionnaire conducted online through an electronicquestionnaire form held on June 17, 2021. Respondents in this study were 52 fourth-grade SD Kartika 1-11 Padangstudents selected by purposive sampling technique. The research data were processed with SPSS statistical software.This study reveals education about 3 G increase the knowledge of children about the importance of brushing teeth,using mouthwash, and changing toothbrush once in 3 months, besides the low effectiveness of online educationabout 3 G. This study concludes that online education was not effective to increase respondent's knowledge aboutactions of 3 G to maintain oral health during the Covid 19 pandemic.KEYWORDS: Oral health education, toothbrush, mouthwash, 3G, COVID-19 virus
Psycho-social impact of tooth loss among Teenagers
Authors: FAVIANOZAKI Raynor , HANIN Isya
Published: October 2022

Psycho-social is a reciprocal relationship between psychological and social aspects in humans, whichplays an essential role in the individual's cognitive abilities and social interactions. Psycho-social impacts arechanges in humans, including psychological and social aspects triggered by external changes such as changes indental aesthetics. Tooth loss certainly impacts one's aesthetics, especially among young adults living in the age ofsocial media, where aesthetics is necessary. This study describes the psycho-social impact of tooth loss in youngadults. This study is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted bydistributing the Psycho-social Impact of Dental Aesthetic Questionnaire to 120 people who suffered from tooth lossat Trisakti University, campus A, Jakarta. Of the 66 men and 54 women, the average PIDAQ score for men was 75.87and for women was 80.9. The psycho-social impact of tooth loss on young adult women is more significant than thatof men in the same age group.KEYWORDS: Psycho-social impact, PIDAQ, Young Adult, Tooth loss
The effectiveness of dental and oral health education for youth through online media
Authors: FITRI Haria , FAJRIN Filzdah Nurul , KASUMA Nila , WULANDARI Reno Wiska , SARI Suci Rahma , ERNESTO Giant
Published: October 2022

Dental and oral health is essential for human life and is part of general health. However, many still donot know that the oral cavity plays a critical role in health. The COVID-19 pandemic has hampered teaching andlearning in class, but this can be solved virtually through online media. This study aims to determine youth'sknowledge about dental and oral health problems. The research is a cross-sectional analytic study conducted on 57students of X1 IPA class - SMA Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP - Padang, which met the inclusion and exclusioncriteria. A purposive sampling technique was used to select respondents. The educational process was donevirtually with an online meeting application. The activity stages consist of answering the pre-test, the educationalprocess, and answering the post-test. Students' background knowledge was measured using a questionnaireconsisting of 10 closed questions, giving one score when the answer was correct and 0 when the answer wasincorrect. The research data were processed with SPSS statistical software. The results showed a significant increasein the average knowledge of respondents from 5.11 ± 2.059 at pre-test to 9.14 ± 1.453 (p 0.05). Based on thetreatment and effectiveness test/gain scores, the average gain score was 69.9%. This study concludes that dental andoral health education through online media is positively effective for youth.KEYWORDS: Dental and Oral Health, Educational process, Online
Biocompatibility of dental resin composites
Authors: AULIA Rahmi Khairani
Published: October 2022

Dental resin composites have become the first choice among the filling materials due to their aestheticpotential to suit a variety of therapeutic indications and can conserve the tooth structure. However, there areconcerns that this material may be toxic because of the possibility of releasing components after restoration.Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a primary material for dental resins that is a precursor for BisGMA as a natural resin, anddegradation of dental resins can leach BPA to the oral cavity. Despite the possibility of a leachable substance, manystudies concluded that the release of BPA from dental resin composites might not be absorbed systemically. Theyleached less than the toxic level that may cause adverse effects.KEYWORDS: BisGMA, BPA, resin composites,
ROMANIA'S SITUATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHALLENGE RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, LĂDARU Goergiana-Raluca , MARIN Florian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, POTÂRNICHE Marilena ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: October 2022

The article addresses the issues of the environment in the context of increasingly intense discussions on climate compliance. The article addresses the situation of Romania in comparison with other member states of the European Union, proceeding to the inventory of the main variables that characterize the situation of the environment and its influence on the economy such as the revenues collected from environmental taxes, the level of gas emissions, the productivity of resources or the consumption of resources depending on the Member State. The interpretation of the collected and analyzed statistical data has shown that Romania is one of the states with high consumption of resources and, at the same time, with low efficiency of the use of resources in terms of productivity.
“It’s all to do with the breath”: (Un)Sound in M. NourbeSe Philip’s “The Ga(s)p” and Zong!
Authors: Smith Kristen
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Diving into the politics of radical hospitality, the acceptance of alterity, and the erasure of black women’s bodies in “The Ga(s)p” (2018), m. NourbeSe Philip demonstrates reciprocal breath as a thread of connection that is central to human existence. Throughout this essay, Philip counters prominent, male-centric theories on receptive bodies through the emphasis on the ubiquity of contingent respiration. Philip contends that this “process of shared breath … and dependency becomes useful as a model of community and connectedness in a more female-centred, embodied symbolic universe” (36). Philip enacts this theory on the page in her book-length poem Zong! (2008).

            Using the court report of Gregson v. Gilbert as a source text, Zong! grapples with the November 1781 massacre of 150 Africans aboard the slave ship Zong on its passage from Ghana to England. Zong! is an erasure poem of 173 pages with movements that Philip describes as “the bones” and “the flesh.” The linguistic material of the poem and its arrangement reflect corporeality and respiration; the textual fragments are physically separated on the page—leaving room for breath. The body and breath of Zong! extends beyond the page to performance. In theory and praxis, Philip uses challenging linguistic material and arrangement to inscribe the body on the page; consequently, she causes the reader to interrogate their positionality and their relationship to the body, to language, and to performance.

 

Keywords:

erasure, erasure poetry, body, performance, breath, respiration, reciprocity, positionality
THEME IN THE VIETNAMESE CLAUSE SIMPLEX: A SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Authors: Van Hoang Van
Published: October 2022

This article is a functional description of an aspect of textual grammar of Vietnamese. The theoretical framework adopted for the description is Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) as developed by Halliday and other systemicists. The focus is on the description of Theme in the clause simplex. Two main questions which form the basis of this article are: (1) “what is Theme in the Vietnamese clause simplex and how is it recognised?”; and (2) “what are the delicate options available in the environment of THEME and how are they distinguished?” The study shows that Theme in Vietnamese is a system of the clause as a message; it can be defined as “the point of departure of the message” (Halliday (1967b, p. 212; 1970, p. 161; 1985b, p. 38), and can be recognized by first position in the clause; and the environment of THEME opens for a number of delicate options, and these options can be distinguished along the three metafuncions of language: the experiential, the interpersonal, and the textual. The study contributes to the application of SFG theory to the description of textual grammar of the Vietnamese clause, opening up potentials for a new approach to the description of a comprehensive SFG of Vietnamese for language teaching, learning, and research.
DIFFICULTIES FACING NOVICE TEACHER-RESEARCHERS IN TERMS OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND THE SUPPORT THEY NEED
Authors: Lan Le Thuy
Published: October 2022

The present study explores the difficulties that novice lecturers at one faculty in a university in Hanoi might face in conducting research as part of their job, especially those related to working conditions and further support they might need in this practice. The study used qualitative method of interview with six novice teachers. The outcomes show that the working conditions received mixed responses, with positive ones towards the availability of facilities/resources, information about research opportunities and negative ones towards research pressure, lack of time and lack of mentoring from experienced colleagues. Further support was then called for in the form of more financial aids and personal mentoring as well as reconsideration in research requirements on novice teachers by the school.
VIETNAMESE EFL COLLEGE STUDENTS’ SENSITIVITY TO THE ENGLISH MASS-COUNT DISTINCTION
Authors: Thi Quyen Nguyen
Published: October 2022

This paper examines how Vietnamese learners of L2 English interpret the English mass-count distinction. In a picture-based judgment experiment, sixty-two college students learning English as their L2 made judgments that reflect their sensitivity to the English mass-count distinction and morphosyntax-semantics mappings. The findings indicate that Vietnamese learners of L2 English correctly based their judgments on number for count nouns (e.g., cup) and object-mass nouns (e.g., furniture), and on volume for substance-mass nouns (e.g., milk). In addition, Vietnamese learners performed at chance level with English flexible nouns, i.e., nouns that are interpreted as count in the presence of the plural marker -s and as mass in its absence. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between learners’ L2 proficiency scores and their judgments. Taken together, these findings suggest that Vietnamese college students are insensitive to the morphosyntactic cues of English flexible nouns when interpreting their meaning. Such insensitivity might be due to L1 effects and can be independent of L2 proficiency.
ENGLISH TEACHERS’ READINESS FOR EMERGENCY ONLINE TEACHING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN VIETNAM
Authors: Anh Vo Thi Kim
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 pandemic has been widely spread to most countries in the world and its sudden appearance has seriously impacted the global education. The paper presents findings of a case study which investigated how English teachers responded to the new teaching context in the centre of Vietnam. How ready they were to deal with the abrupt switch from normal teaching to online teaching was presented in the article. The research employed the mixed method with a survey and in-depth interviews as the main instruments. Teachers of English from primary schools to high schools in the centre of Vietnam were invited for the survey. As revealed from the survey, these teachers of English were not well-prepared for sudden online teaching and the level of readiness varied according to the school levels. It is, therefore, recommended that teachers of English should update themselves with strategies used in online teaching, IT skills through training and self-study.
Cryopreservation of coconut plumule using droplet vitrification
Authors: Karun Anitha , Sajini K.K. , Muralikrishna K.S. , Rajesh M.K.
Published: October 2022

In the present investigation, four types of explants from mature zygotic embryos of coconut, viz., whole upper cotyledonary region without haustorium, half of the upper cotyledonary region without haustorium, plumule with a portion of radicle and exclusively plumular tissue, were cultured in 12 different media combinations to find a suitable explant which could be regenerated after cryopreservation. Explants were pre-cultured in medium with 0.4 and 0.5 M sucrose for three days followed by dehydration in PVS3 solution for different durations on a sterile aluminum strip after treating with loading solution. Strips were treated with liquid nitrogen inside a cryoflask until bubbling stopped and quickly transferred to a cryovial and stored for a minimum period of 24 hours in liquid nitrogen. It was observed that plumule alone or with a small portion of outer tissue was ideal for fast in vitro growth and recovery of whole plantlets of coconut in a medium supplemented with NAA alone. Addition of glutamine (5 mg L-1), TDZ (1 mg L-1) and NAA (18 mg L-1) aided the vigorous growth of plantlets. In control, the survival rate ranged from 60 to 90 per cent in plumule pre-grown in media containing 0.5 M sucrose after dehydration with PVS3 for various durations, whereas it was 14 to 75 per cent in cryopreserved ones. Considering the high survival (75%) and regrowth (35%) of cryopreserved plumule in the present study, there is much scope for further improvement of the procedure to find the right combination of factors so as to enhance complete recovery of plantlets without much injury to plumules during cooling and rewarming.
Parametric Validation of the Reservoir Computing–Based Machine Learning Algorithm Applied to Lorenz System Reconstructed Dynamics
Authors:   Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, PIIM, UMR 7345 Marseille, France, Mazzi Samuele ,   CEA, IRFM, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France, Zarzoso David ,   Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, PIIM, UMR 7345 Marseille, France,   Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Marseille, France
Published: October 2022

A detailed parametric analysis is presented, where the recent method based on the reservoir computing paradigm, including its statistical robustness, is studied. It is observed that the prediction capabilities of the reservoir computing approach strongly depend on the random initialization of both the input and the reservoir layers. Special emphasis is put on finding the region in the hyperparameter space where the ensemble-averaged training and generalization errors together with their variance are minimized. The statistical analysis presented here is based on the projection on proper elements method.
Elementary Cellular Automata along with Delay Sensitivity Can Model Communal Riot Dynamics
Authors:   Department of Information Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Roy Souvik , Das Sukanta ,   Department of Information Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Mukherjee Abhik ,   Computer Science and Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the potential of elementary cellular automata to model the dynamics of riot. Here, to model such dynamics, we introduce probabilistic loss of information and delay perturbation in the updating scheme of automata to capture sociological parameters—presence of anti-riot population and organizational presence of communal forces in the rioting society, respectively. Moreover, delay has also been incorporated in the model to capture the nonlocal interaction of neighbors. Finally, the model is verified by an event of riot that occurred in Baduria of West Bengal, India.
Las reformas liberales en el Cauca. Abolicionismo y federalismo (1849 - 1863)
Authors: Murgueitio Manrique Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2022

En correspondencia con su programa, los gobiernos liberales de la década de 1850 a 1860 se emprendieron dos ciclos de reformas que le dieron una primer ciclo reformista, que corresponde al legado del presidente liberal caucano José Hilario López (1849 - 1853), se caracterizó por impulsar transformaciones de corte radical en el comercio y las finanzas públicas del estado, así como la consagración de las libertades individuales y el voto universal masculino, consiguiendo, además, destruir el sistema tradicional de tenencia de tierras y la institución de la esclavitud. Fue además el momento en el que inició el camino de la descentralización administrativa, a través del debilitamiento paulatino del gobierno central y el fortalecimiento de la autonomía provincial. El segundo ciclo de reformas liberales vino a la fuerza como producto de al guerra civil iniciada en 1859 y finalizada en 1863. Las reformas emprendidas en este segundo mandato de Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera, caucano y converso a las filas del liberalismo, consistieron en la profundización de la querella contra la Iglesia, al impulsar la nacionalización y posterior venta de los bienes de las manos muertas, además de la exclusión de su participación de la educación, actividad que venía desempeñando desde la era colonial. Así mismo, Mosquera garantizó la apuesta hacia el modelo federal al proclamar en Rionegro una federación de estados soberanos, que había sido consagrada en la Constitución de 1858, pero que no había sido respetada por el gobierno conservador de Mariano Ospina Rodríguez. El segundo ciclo de reformas liberales vino a la fuerza como producto de al guerra civil iniciada en 1859 y finalizada en 1863. Las reformas emprendidas en este segundo mandato de Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera, caucano y converso a las filas del liberalismo, consistieron en la profundización de la querella contra la Iglesia, al impulsar la nacionalización y posterior venta de los bienes de las manos muertas, además de la exclusión de su participación de la educación, actividad que venía desempeñando desde la era colonial. Así mismo, Mosquera garantizó la apuesta hacia el modelo federal al proclamar en Rionegro una federación de estados soberanos, que había sido consagrada en la Constitución de 1858, pero que no había sido respetada por el gobierno conservador de Mariano Ospina Rodríguez.
الحرف والمهن في مكة قبل الإسلام من خلال مرويات ابن الكلبي (ت204 هـ/ 819 م)
Authors: Al-Jubouri Uday Salem Abdullah , AL-Deen Hemed Vian Fakhar
Published: October 2022

تحظى دراسة التاريخ الاقتصادي للعرب قبل الإسلام – في الفترة الأخيرة- باهتمام من جانب الباحثين، حيث يمكن من خلال دراسة هذا الحقل الحيوي من التاريخ التعرف على النشاطات الاقتصادية وتأثيرها على رُقيّ المجتمع منذ القدم، وأثرها على المستوى المعيشي للقائمين عليها، ومن أوجه هذا النشاط هي المهن والحرف التي شاعت في المجتمع العربي قبل الإسلام ومنها في مدينة مكة المكرمة، فجاءت أهمية الدراسة في الكشف عن أهم المهن والحرف التي شاعت في مكة المكرمة وأبرز من أمتهنها قبل الإسلام من خلال مرويات ابن الكلبي (ت 204هـ/819م).
اثر استراتيجيتي LEAD والتغيير المفاهيمي في اكتساب المفاهيم البلاغية عند طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Riad Maan Abbas , Al-Jubouri Falah Saleh Hussein
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي  التعرف على ( اثر استراتيجيتي LEAD والتغيير المفاهيمي في اكتساب المفاهيم البلاغية لدى طلاب الصف الخامس الادبي ) . لتحقيق هدف البحث اعتمد الباحث التصميم التجريبي ذا المجموعات المتكافئة , صاغ الباحث اربع فرضيات صفرية رئيسية ,  تحدد مجتمع البحث بطلاب الصف الخامس الادبي في المدارس الاعدادية والثانوية النهارية التابعة للمديرية العامة لتربية محافظة صلاح الدين - قسم تربية بلد للعام الدراسي (2019-2020) . بلغت عينة البحث (86) طالبآ بواقع (27) طالبآ للمجموعة التجريبية الاولى التي درست على استراتيجية LEAD  و (28) طالبا في المجموعة التجريبية الثانية التي درست على وفق استراتيجية التغير المفاهيمي و(31) طالبآ للمجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة الاعتيادية. كافأ الباحث بين مجموعات البحث في المتغيرات الاتية ( العمر الزمني محسوباً بالشهور , درجات الذكاء , التحصيل السابق في مادة اللغة العربية والتحصيل الدراسي لآباء وأمهات الطلاب ). كما حدد الباحث المادة العلمية وهي الموضوعات الخمسة الاولى كتاب البلاغة , أعد الباحث  اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم البلاغية , ويتكون من (24) فقرة, وبعد التحقق من صدقه الظاهري بعرضه على مجموعة من المحكمين المتخصصين في المناهج وطرائق التدريس, وقد جرى تطبيقه على عينتين استطلاعيتين إحداهما لمعرفة مدى وضوح الفقرات وزمن الإجابة و الأخرى لغرض تحليل فقرات الاختبار إحصائيا وحساب الخصائص السايكومترية له, إذ تم تحليل البيانات ومعالجتها إحصائيا باعتماد الحقيبة الإحصائية SPSS . درس الباحث مجموعات البحث بنفسه, واستمرت التجربة (13) أسبوعا من العام الدراسي(2019-2020),  وفي نهاية التجربة طبق الباحث أداتي البحث, اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم واختبار التفكير الاستنتاجي بعدياً, وبعد تصحيح النتائج وتحليلهما إحصائيا باستخدام اختبار (t-test) اظهرت النتائج الآتية :-

لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى ( 0,05 ) بين متوسطي درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الأولى الذين درسوا مادة البلاغة باستعمال استراتيجية ( LEAD ) ومتوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الثانية الذين درسوا باستعمال استراتيجية ( التغير المفاهيمي ) في اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم .

يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسطي درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الأولى الذين درسوا مادة البلاغة باستعمال استراتيجية ( LEAD ) ومتوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا باستعمال ( الطريقة الاعتيادية ) في اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم لصالح المجموعة التجريبية الأولى .
يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05 ) بين متوسطي درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الثانية الذين درسوا مادة البلاغة باستعمال استراتيجية (التغير المفاهيمي ) ومتوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا باستعمال ( الطريقة الاعتيادية ) في اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم لصالح المجموعة التجريبية الثانية . وفي ضوء نتائج البحث وضع الباحث مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات .
أثر استراتيجية دورة التعلم الخماسية في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة قواعد اللغة العربية وتنمية مهارات الحوار لديهن
Authors: SALMAN MOHSIN MAWLOOD
Published: October 2022

هدف البحث الحالي الى " التعرف على اثر استراتيجية دورة التعلم الخماسية في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة قواعد اللغة العربية وتنمية مهارات الحوار لديهن", تكونت عينة البحث من (50) طالبة, قسمت إلى مجموعتين أحداهما تجريبية والاخرى ضابطة, قام الباحث ببناء اختبار تحصيلي لمادة قواعد اللغة العربية وتكون من (41) فقرة  ، كما قام الباحث ببناء مقياس لمهارات الحوار وتكون من (30) فقرة ، اظهرت النتائج  تفوق طالبات المجموعة التجريبية على طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في الاختبار التحصيلي وفي مقياس مهارات الحوار, وخرج الباحث بعدد من الاستنتاجات والتوصيات واقترح عدد من المقترحات.
The inﬂuence of humic substances on the weathering of PGE in chromitite of the Bushveld Complex: An experimental simulation of the weathering environment
Authors: Kotzé E. , Schuth S. , Goldmann S. , Holtz F.
Published: October 2022

Organic acids, including humic acid, play a signiﬁcant role in the weathering of minerals containing metals such as Pt and Pd. They are also among the reactants which are under consideration for new hydrometallurgical methods of liberating unconventional PGE ores (such as the oxidised ores of the Great Dyke, Zimbabwe, and at locations in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa where PGE-bearing layers have been exposed to weathering). In order to better understand the processes operating during weathering of PGE-bearing chromitite seams of the Bushveld Complex, chromite concentrate originating from a South African chromium mine was subjected to reaction with different concentrations of synthetic humic acid. The results conﬁrm the greater mobility of palladium in the environment compared to platinum. Crushed chromite concentrate showed greater mobility of Cr, but not of Pd or Pt, compared to uncrushed concentrate. Increasing the concentration of humic acid increased the amount of Pd and Pt in solution. These experiments give insight into the processes that govern the weathering of chromitite in the Bushveld Complex. The main Pd– and Pt-bearing minerals are not enclosed within chromite but occur at grain boundaries. Thus, they can be liberated by disaggregation of chromite and inﬁltration of water along chromite grain boundaries. Once in solution, Pd is more mobile than Pt and is dispersed further. Organic acids play an important role during the weathering process as they are capable of enhancing the mobility of the PGE, particularly Pd.
PROPOZYCJA ZASAD I INSTRUMENTÓW POLITYKI MIESZKANIOWEJ JAKO NARZĘDZIA KOREKTY UŁOMNYCH MECHANIZMÓW RYNKOWYCH
Authors: Zaborowski Tomasz Piotr
Published: October 2022

Artykuł zawiera propozycję wybranych zasad i instrumentów wdrożeniowych polityki mieszkaniowej, traktowanej jako element zintegrowanej polityki przestrzennej. Na podstawie teorii ekonomii rozważono specyficzne cechy podmiotowe i przedmiotowe rynku mieszkaniowego, które mogą powodować zaburzenie jego działania. W tym celu przeanalizowano poszczególne składowe złożonego dobra ekonomicznego, jakim jest środowisko mieszkaniowe. Zidentyfikowanie ułomności rynku mieszkaniowego stanowiło podstawę do nakreślenia głównych problemów mieszkalnictwa w Polsce. Na podstawie przykładów dobrej praktyki instytucjonalnej z Hiszpanii i Niemiec zaproponowano wybrane zasady i instrumenty polskiej polityki mieszkaniowej, będące odpowiedziami na zidentyfikowane ułomności rynku oraz problemy polskiego mieszkalnictwa. Artykuł wieńczy dyskusja perspektyw wdrożenia zaproponowanych zasad i instrumentów w polskim systemie prawnym. Podstawowym wnioskiem płynącym z badań jest potrzeba usprawnienia mechanizmów poboru renty planistycznej powiązanej z działaniami urbanizacyjnymi (public value capturing)
CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS ULTRAPROCESSADOS E PERFIL NUTRICIONAL DA DIETA DE ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Nascimento Soares Anne Danieli
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o consumo alimentar de adolescentes segundo o grau de processamento e o impacto desse perfil sobre a qualidade nutricional da dieta. Foi aplicado o recordatório alimentar 24 horas, no período de março a novembro de 2019, em 256 adolescentes matriculados em escolas públicas de Barbacena-MG. Os alimentos relatados foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com o tipo de processamento: alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados, processados e ultraprocessados. Foram estimados os valores energéticos dos alimentos e as quantidades de açúcar, sódio, fibras alimentares, gorduras saturadas e gorduras trans. Os adolescentes que consumiram em média 1969,5 kcal/dia sendo 49,5% do valor energético proveniente de alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados, 10,8% de processados e 39,7% de ultraprocessados. O perfil nutricional da fração da dieta relativa a ultraprocessados apresentou maior densidade energética, maior teor de gorduras saturada, de gorduras trans e de açúcar e menor teor de fibras e de sódio quando comparado aos alimentos in natura ou minimamente processados. Então, o elevado consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados entre adolescentes contribuiu negativamente na qualidade nutricional da dieta. Tornam-se necessárias ações de promoção da alimentação saudável no ambiente escolar, com foco na redução do consumo de ultraprocessados.
Mythological image of the epic hero of the Evenkis in the tale of Chinanai
Authors: ДЬЯКОНОВА М.П.
Published: October 2022

Статья посвящена мифологическому образу Чинаная – герою эпического цикла этнолокальной группы витимо-олекминских эвенков и имеют собственные признаки и типологически отличаются от большинства сказаний фольклора эвенков. На основе теоретических трудов отечественных фольклористов, исследований тунгусоведения, посвященных образу эпического героя, а также фольклорных текстов о герое локального фольклора эвенков, предпринимается попытка раскрыть образ Чинаная через призму его функций. Тексты, служащие материалом исследования, отличаются небольшим объемом, в них практически отсутствуют художественные описания событий. Сказания также имеют нетрадиционную композиционную структуру, мотивы обладают этиологической функцией и т. д. Время, описываемое в эпосе, совпадает с периодом организации, устройства и усовершенствования мира. Двойственная природа мифологического образа Чинаная генетически исходит из мифологии и эволюционирует в эпического героя эвенков в образе культурного героя, первопредка. Вместе с тем, образ Чинаная характеризуется весьма нелицеприятными поступками, но при этом герой сохраняет черты культурного героя. Вероятно, возникнув в эпоху первобытного мифа, культурный герой становится центром циклизации и таких эпических форм, как животная сказка, бытовой анекдот, генеалогическая легенда и, наконец, героическое сказание. В них происходит не только прикрепление новых мотивов к сюжету о популярном герое, но и формируются новые сюжеты (вплоть до пародийного) о культурном герое путём трансформации и переосмысления сюжетов первобытных мифов. В результате анализа автор приходит к выводу о сложном генезисе образа, в котором воплощены черты первопредка, демиурга и трикстера.
Ritual and dance elements in the Azerbaijani epic and in the Nakhchivan ritual folklore
Authors: ДЖАФАРОВА А.Д.г.
Published: October 2022

Статья посвящена изучению ритуально-танцевальных элементов в азербайджанском эпосе и в нахчыванском обрядовом фольклоре. Цель настоящей статьи – выявить обрядовые элементы, в т. ч. традиционные народные танцы, в текстах азербайджанского эпоса («Книга моего деда Коркута», «Короглу», «Шах Исмаил», «Асли и Керем» и др.) и сравнить их с материалами фольклора в современном бытовании в регионе Нахчывана Азербайджанской Республики. Новизна работы заключается в том, что впервые рассматриваются обрядовые танцевальные элементы в азербайджанском эпосе и нахчыванском обрядовом фольклоре.Материалом изучения являются тексты азербайджанского эпоса («Короглу», «Шах Исмаил», «Асли и Керем» и др.) и современный нахчыванский обрядовый фольклор. В исследовании также используются материалы огузского эпоса «Книга моего деда Коркута». Проведен историко-сравнительный и функционально-семантический анализ обрядовых элементов, выявленных в азербайджанском эпосе и в современной традиции нахчыванского обрядового фольклора.Анализ подтверждает, что обрядовый фольклор носит в себе традиции народных танцев и их разнообразные формы, в т. ч. коллективные ритуальные танцевальные элементы. Обрядовые элементы хранятся в разных мотивах эпоса, функционируют в живой фольклорной традиции народа и, как духовные ресурсы, обогащают современную обрядовую культуру. Многие обрядовые элементы потеряли свою первичную семантику и ныне выполняют в основном функции эстетического элемента народного творчества. В эпосе же обрядовые элементы сохранились в более старых формах, и они дают нам возможность сравнительного изучения с материалами современного бытования и проследить изменения в структурно-функциональном направлении. Исходя из этого диахронического анализа, можно определить древние формы обрядового фольклора, в т. ч. традиционных обрядовых танцев, систематизировать и описать изменения в функционально-семантической структуре.В статье особо подчеркивается значение обрядов, в которых сохраняются песни и танцы и передаются будущим поколениям. Также приводятся описанияисполнений яллы и халайев, связанных с церемонией этих образцов. Отмечается, что яллы и халайи, как древние бытовые обрядовые танцевальные жанры и как одни из символов Нахчывана, очень ценны.Перспективы изучения обрядового фольклора видятся в исследовании функциональных изменений в развитии художественного облика обрядового явления в письменной и бытовой традициях народа.
Semantic types of causative verbs in the texts of the Khakas heroic tales
Authors: Чугунекова А.Н.
Published: October 2022

Рассматриваются семантические типы каузативных глаголов хакасского языка, нашедшие отражение в текстах хакасских героических сказаний «Алтын Арыг» и «Ах Чибек Арыг», записанных от популярного народного сказителя Хакасии С. П. Кадышева (1885–1977), «Ай Хуучын» и «Айдолай», записанных от сказителя П. В. Курбижекова (1910–1966), «Хара Хусхун», записанного от сказителя П. В. Тоданова. Актуальность данного исследования связана с тем, что каузативные глаголы активны в употреблении и представляют большой интерес для исследователей-лингвистов. Необходимость изучения семантических типов каузативных глаголов в текстах хакасских героических сказаний вызвана неразработанностью данного вопроса на сегодняшний день, чем и определяется новизна исследования. Целью статьи является выявление семантики и функционирования каузативных глаголов в текстах хакасских героических сказаний. В задачи исследования входит выявление всех каузативных глаголов, встречающихся в текстах героических сказаний; определение и анализ каузативных аффиксов, участвующих в образовании каузативных глаголов; выявление словообразовательных моделей каузативных глаголов, представленных в текстах героических сказаний. Анализ фактического материала проводился с использованием комплекса лингвистических методов и приемов. Наиболее перспективным при решении поставленных задач были признаны метод сплошной выборки примеров, предусматривающий подбор примеров для анализа и выписывание из текстов героических сказаний подряд всех встречающихся в нём примеров анализируемого типа, описательный метод для выявления каузативных глаголов и их последовательного описания с точки зрения их структуры и функционирования. Метод дистрибутивного анализа позволил выявить валентность каузативного глагола. В результате исследования выявлены и проанализированы семантические типы каузативных глаголов, а именно, фактитивный, пермиссивный и фактитивно-рефлексивный, пермиссивно-рефлексивный типы; определены актуальные для языка героического эпоса словообразовательные модели каузативных глаголов. Для глаголов с фактитивной семантикой выявлено пять словообразовательных моделей; для пермиссивной – три модели; фактитивно-рефлексивный и пермиссивно-рефлексивный по одной модели. Исследование также показало, что в текстах хакасских героических сказаний часто используется двойной каузатив, который выражает как фактитивное, так и пермиссивное значение. Полученные результаты могут найти применение при чтении лекционных курсов по хакасскому языку на филологических факультетах вузов, при составлении учебных и учебно-методических пособий, словарей. В перспективе интересные результаты могут дать исследования каузативных конструкций, характерных для текстов героических сказаний, в сопоставительном и сравнительно-типологическом освещении.
Acquisition of reindeer husbandry in the epic and worldview traditions of the Evenki
Authors: Варламов А.Н.
Published: October 2022

В междисциплинарном исследовании, основанном на эпических традициях эвенков, рассматривается проблема проникновения домашнего оленеводства в культурный комплекс северных тунгусов. Для решения задачи исследования используются методологические основы эпического историзма, подкрепляемые мировоззренческими традициями эвенков, а также результатами исследований по археологии и этнографии. До настоящего времени наиболее распространенная гипотеза о возникновении домашнего оленеводства складывалась из предположений В. А. Туголукова, Г. М. Василевич, Е. Н. Широкогоровой, согласно которым северные тунгусы приручили оленя в первых вв. н. э. Вместе с тем, фольклорные традиции эвенков свидетельствуют о более раннем историческом времени доместификации оленя предками современных эвенков и эвенов. В эпосе эвенков распространены два сюжета о приручении оленя. Согласно первому, оленя приручает первопредок-женщина. Второй, наиболее распространенный сюжет, свидетельствует о вхождении оленеводства в культурный комплекс эвенков в тесной связи с этногенетическими контактами к востоку от Байкала. Мифология и мировоззренческие традиции указывают на взаимосвязь культа оленеводства с культом медведя-предка, а также сохраняют культурные параллели с неолитическими традициями древних тунгусов-глазковцев. Содержание мировоззренческих и шаманских традиций эвенков также свидетельствуют о культурной взаимосвязи с содержанием писаниц Приамурья, которые по мнению А. П. Окладникова и А. И. Мазина, являются воплощением мировоззренческих традиций прямых предков современных эвенков-орочонов. В результате исследования, выдвигается предположение о том, что эпические, мифологические, ритуальные и этнографические традиции эвенков сопоставимы с результатами археологических исследований и свидетельствуют о высокой вероятности возникновения эвенкийского оленеводства в Приамурье во II тыс. до н. э. Работа представляет интерес для специалистов по фольклору, истории и этнографии, в круг научных интересов которых входят традиции устного народного творчества и история тунгусо-маньчжурских народов.