bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aproximación a la determinación social de la automedicación por antibióticos en Medellín 2012-2022
Authors: Ruiz Taborda Juan Paulo , Higuita Gutiérrez Luis Felipe
Published: May 2024

Objective: to describe the configuration of the processes of social determination that have influenced self-medication by antibiotics in the city of Medellín between the years 2012-2022. Methods: Descriptive interpretive study with an ethnographic approach from the perspective of the social determination of health. Results: structural processes such as the commodification of social security, few public health actions, and de-industrialization and subsequent loss of labor rights were identified as the main destructive processes that affect self-medication by antibiotics and that are reproduced in the private and private domains. singular respectively. The main protective process identified was family and community support. Conclusion: Self-medication by antibiotics is a practice that is determined by the social structure and the prevailing development model by maintaining barriers to health services that transcend the health system through different mechanisms. That is why the interventions that are carried out around this practice must be characterized by intersectorality and the articulation of different institutions and social actors so that they can be effective and have efficiency in the short, medium and long term.
Encefalitis hemorrágica como manifestación primaria de granulomatosis linfomatoide: reporte de un caso
Authors: Sepulveda Collazos Fabio Andres , Duque Montoya Daniela , Echeverri López Esteban
Published: May 2024

La granulomatosis linfomatoide (LYG), es un trastorno linfoproliferativo angiocéntrico y angiodestructivo, el cual afecta múltiples órganos y es más común en los pulmones. Se caracteriza patológicamente por estar asociado con una proliferación de linfocitos B, relacionado con el virus de Epstein-Barr. La granulomatosis linfomatoide (LYG), afecta al sistema nervioso central de forma secundaria en un 25% a 30% de los casos, pero LYG que involucra de forma primaria y únicamente al SNC (iCNS-LYG) es extremadamente raro con solo 49 casos reportados en la literatura. Presentamos el caso de un joven de 21 años con iCNS-LYG, el cual se presenta con una manifestación clínica de su patología, su abordaje diagnóstico se realizó por medio de imágenes diagnósticas y se confirmó por medio de biopsia.
Assessment of microbial properties, and heavy metals contents of surface water and ground water samples In Ureje and Ireje, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Authors: Abata EO  , Awolowo EK
Published: May 2024

Water is everywhere, · it is the most basic and necessary element of life, as well as the most important and abundant compound in the ecosystem. Standard methods were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties, microbial properties, and heavy metal content of river and well water samples in Ekiti State, South-West Nigeria. Important parameter like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, DO, BOD, turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness, heavy metals and microbial properties are determined. The research work indicated that temperature, odour, pH, alkalinity, TDS, biochemical oxygen demand, DO, chloride, nitrate and turbidity were within the range of WHO permissible limits for drinking water while color, Conductivity, iron and manganese were above the WHO permissible limits. The study also indicated that the microbial contents such as total viable count, yeast/mold and coliform were above the WHO permissible limits for drinking. These results show that the water sources were slightly contaminated and unsafe for human consumption. This water must be treated before it may be consumed or used for domestic application.
Project I-PASSED: An intervention program for Students-At-Risk of Dropping Out (SARDO)
Authors: Junjie Bueno Talatayod
Published: May 2024

Learners in developing countries like the Philippines have denied their right to education by dropping out for various reasons. This descriptive study was conducted to find out the common reasons why advisory students in the past three (3) years dropped out of school, and why students of GAS 1108 and GAS 1109 were categorized as Students-At-Risk of Dropping Out (SARDO) during the First Semester of School Year 2023-2024; to propose an intervention program based on findings; and to determine its effectiveness based on student-recipients’ perceptions, and the number of learners categorized as SARDO who remained in school. Data were obtained from anecdotal records of dropped-out students for the past three school years, and from the three sets of researcher-made survey questionnaires which undergone thorough validation by experts in the field. These were administered to 17 identified SARDO who were officially enrolled at Muntinlupa National High School – Senior High School during the School Year 2023-2024. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were utilized in analyzing the data. Findings revealed that the three prevailing reasons why students dropped out of school for the past three school years, and why student-respondents were categorized as SARDO were financial problems (7, 41%), teenage pregnancy and/or parenting (6, 35%), and personal problems (2,35%); Project I-PASSED (“Incorporating Partnership and Active Synergy between School and Stakeholders for the Effective Delivery of Student Services) was proposed based on the findings; and Project I-PASSED’s initiatives were “Very Effective” in terms of addressing students’ financial problems (), personal problems (), and teenage pregnancy and/or parenting () which were all supported by the testimonies of the student-recipients. There were 14 out 17 (82.35%) identified SARDO who remained in school at present, indicating that the main objective of the project was “Mostly Achieved”. Therefore, the initiatives of the project were helpful and beneficial in addressing the complex needs of students. Supporting and sustaining this project was highly recommended. The implications of this study are to empower students by bringing them back to school, and to contribute tangible solutions that may reshape the educational practices across the country.
Systemic iron overload: Review of pathophysiology and clinical-radiological diagnostic approach
Authors: Abel Enrique Manjarres Guevara  , Iván Alfredo De Ávila Consuegra  , Mariana Sofia Madrid Lewis
Published: May 2024

Systemic iron overload is a condition that carries significant implications for health, making it crucial to understand its pathophysiology and the precise clinical and radiological diagnostic methods. This article comprehensively reviews the pathophysiology of iron metabolism, highlighting its crucial role in multiple cellular processes and the regulatory mechanisms that maintain its balance in the body. Furthermore, the diagnostic approach to iron overload is analyzed in detail, reviewing the role of various imaging techniques; highlighting magnetic resonance imaging as a method to develop an accurate and non-invasive assessment of iron load in various tissues.
Analysis of Overcoming Cyberbullying through Digital Literacy Education
Authors: Amrullah Muhlasin , Wardana Mahardika D. K. , Hikmah Khizanatul , Cahyanti Novita Nur , Fatikha Salsabila
Published: May 2024

Understanding the use of technology is important, especially for the majority of children who are teenagers. Cyberbullying often becomes a scourge in itself when there is a lack of digital literacy education. This research aims to see the impact of strengthening and strengthening children's knowledge about the dangers of Cyberbullying as well as familiarizing the children with the importance of digital literacy in the Sidoarjo Orphanage. Descriptive qualitative research method with counseling stages regarding Cyberbullying, and digital literacy education which consists of collecting data through tests which will be carried out using perception questionnaires, and a pretest posttest at the end of the activity. In the research, the results showed that understanding cyberbullying and digital literacy education can improve the perception of children in orphanages regarding several events that will often be encountered in the environment. This is proven by the increase in children's knowledge regarding the impact of cyberbullying and digital literacy, which increased by 80 percent from a total of 14 children in orphanages through a perception test questionnaire.
Improving Statistics Learning Outcomes through a Differentiated Learning Approach for Students with Various Levels of Ability
Authors: Sulistyawati Wiwik , Fauziyah Nur , Niswati Niswati
Published: May 2024

Learning is a process of organizing, structuring the environment around students so that they can develop and encourage them to complete the learning process. The learning needs of students must always be the teacher's attention so that each learning process is carried out comfortably, happily and pleasantly, to be able to achieve and effectively implement the learning objectives to be achieved. Differentiated learning is an effort to adapt the learning process in the classroom to meet students' learning needs. Statistics allows students to understand and apply concepts relevant to data analysis, decision making, and problem solving in everyday life. A differentiation approach means providing assignments or activities with different levels of difficulty, providing additional reading materials or resources, and providing guidance or enrichment according to students' needs. Researchers found that the application of differentiated learning can help students to carry out learning activities more optimally. The aim of this research is to explain and evaluate the application of the learning differentiation approach in improving statistics learning outcomes for class VII students with various levels of ability. This research uses descriptive quantitative methods. The data collection methods for this research are observation, formative assessment and documentation. Data analysis uses simple statistical processing using the Sugiyono model. The results of this research show that there was an increase in the average achievement of students' learning objectives from pre-cycle by 71% to 80.65% in cycle I. In cycle II there was an increase in the average achievement of learning objectives by 88.71%. The differentiation learning approach can improve learning outcomes in statistics material in class VIIB UPT SMPN 14 Gresik with various levels of student ability.
Dynamics of clinical and echocardiographic parameters of patients with cardiovascular diseases 3, 12 and 26 months after COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Garanina V. D. , Shirokov N. E. , Krinochkin D. V. , Osokina N. A. , Korovina I. O. , Migacheva A. V. , Sapozhnikova A. D. , Petelina T. I.
Published: May 2024

Aim: to study the dynamics of clinical and echocardiographic parameters in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) at 3, 12, and 26 months after COVID-19 pneumonia.

   Material and methods. The dynamics of clinical and echocardiographic parameters were studied in 130 patients with CVD at 3, 12, and 26 months after COVID-19 pneumonia (57 ± 8 years old, 46.9 % males).

   Results. Between the 1st and 2nd visits, body mass index (BMI) increased (30.6 ± 5.1 kg/m2 vs. 31.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001), the number of patients with obesity of grades 2 –3 increased (14.6 % vs. 23.1 %, p < 0.001). Early diastolic septal mitral annular velocity decreased from the 2nd to the 3rd visit (7.0 [6.0; 8.0] cm/s vs. 6.0 [5.0; 8.0] cm/s, p = 0.023), as did the maximum diastolic lateral tricuspid annular velocity (12.0 [11.0; 14.0] cm/s vs. 8.0 [6.0; 9.0] cm/s, p < 0.001). Between the 2nd and 3rd visits, the average global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle increased ( –19.3 ± 2.6 % vs. –19.8 ± 2.2 %, p = 0.034), the frequency of detecting its reduced values decreased (34.9 % vs. 17.4 %, p = 0.003).

   Conclusion. In the long term after COVID-19 pneumonia, patients with CVD show an increase in BMI accompanied by worsening of diastolic ventricular function parameters without signifi cant progression in the frequency and severity of CVD.
Remote monitoring of the course of bronchial asthma in children
Authors: Fayzullina R. M. , Gafurova R. R. , Bogomolovа E. A.
Published: May 2024

Aim: to evaluate the eff ectiveness and satisfaction of patients with bronchial asthma (BA) using the remote monitoring software product “ASTMATEST”.

   Materials and methods. A specialized website “ASTMATEST” — ww.asthmatest.ru was developed for conducting remote and timely telemonitoring of the health status of patients with verifi ed BA. An open prospective comparative study was conducted at the pediatric department of the City Children’s Clinical Hospital in Ufa from November 2022 till April 2023. The study included 2 groups of patients, similar in age and demographic indicators: the main group consisted of 38 (57.8 %) children whose parents agreed to use the information system of the website “ASTMATEST” in combination with its traditional methods, the control group included 34 (43.2 %) children whose parents refused to use the software product due to various reasons. The effectiveness of remote monitoring was analyzed by comparing the morning and evening peak flow meter readings, symptom control report data. Satisfaction with the work and use of the remote monitoring technology of the website “ASTMATEST” by patients with BA and their parents was assessed through a sociological survey using questionnaires.

   Results. In the main study group, the proportion of patients with severe BA decreased to 18.42 % due to an increase in the proportion of patients with mild (up to 34.21 %) and moderate (47.37 %) severity of BA. In the control group, the proportion of patients with mild BA decreased to 40.74 %, due to an increase in the proportion of patients with moderate (up to 44.44 %) and severe (14.82 %) severity.

   Conclusion. During the survey of patients in the main group using a specially designed questionnaire, it was found that the majority of patients and their parents/legal representatives are willing to continue using the developed software product to assess the level of disease control and adherence to doctor’s recommendations and prescriptions.
Attacks against Cultural Heritage and Organized Crime
UNESCO’s Mobilization and Action
Authors: Planche Edouard
Published: May 2024

Through attacks on cultural heritage and the deliberate looting of archaeological sites on 5 continents, particularly in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Latin America and South-East Asia, terrorism thrives on fraudulent income and leaves behind the ruins of evidence from our shared history. This is the cultural haemorrhage that UNESCO and its partners face for decades and in a more prominent way nowadays.
Faces in the Stone. Rock Art in the Duhok Region (Kurdistan Region of Iraq)
A Seriously Threatened Cultural Heritage
Authors: Morandi Bonacossi Daniele
Published: May 2024

The Iraqi Duhok Region has a millenary history and encompasses an extraordinary heritage. Regrettably, since 2000, we have witnessed an increase in criminal acts perpetrated against the Assyrian and Neo-Assyrian rock reliefs scattered along the valley. Damages to these sculptures vary from spray-painting to demolition attempts. The challenging situation calls for the direct involvement of the centralised Government to ensure both control and protection of the region and effective initiatives of awareness-raising among the local communities.
Palmyrene Funerary Portraits: A 'Conflict Antiquities' Case
Authors: De Bernardin Michela
Published: May 2024

This paper delves into the issue of ‘conflict antiquities’, that is, the phenomenon of profiting from cultural goods looted in archaeological sites affected by wars or civil conflicts. The present research shows the increased number of Palmyrene funerary portraits of dubious provenance circulating on the antiquities market after the beginning of the so-called ‘Arab Spring’ in 2011. By analysing international war damage reports, the author established a chronology of the key events that have involved the ancient town of Palmyra, likely leading to the flood of portraits recently offered on sale.
The Holy See and the Question of Sending Observers to the World Conferences of the International Ecumenical Movement
Authors: Marotta Saretta
Published: May 2024

The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the attitude of the Holy See towards the international ecumenical movement during the pontificate of Pius XII, analysing in particular the debates triggered by the question of the participation of Catholic observers in the various international conferences and assemblies of the Faith and Order movement and the constituent Ecumenical Council of Churches. This analysis will be carried out through the study of Vatican documents, in particular from the archives of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, the Secretariat of State and the nunciatures, in order to trace the choices and strategies adopted by the Holy See in the face of the challenges posed by the growing importance of the World Council of Churches on the international scene.
The Importance of Diversity in the Physician Assistant/Associate Workforce: Examining the Profession's Growth and Trends in Demographic Composition
Authors: Kozikowski Andrzej , Bruza-Augatis Mirela , Morton-Rias Dawn , Quella Alicia , Fleming Shani , Bradley-Guidry Carolyn , Mauldin Sheila , Jeffery Colette , Puckett Kasey , Goodman Joshua
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Healthcare workforce diversity is essential for increasing access and reducing racial/ethnic health disparities. We examined the growth and trends in physician assistant/associate (PA) workforce demographic composition by initial year of certification.

Methods:

Drawing on data from the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, we aggregated gender, age (1975-2020), race/ethnicity, and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) (2000-2020). Descriptive statistics of demographics were calculated by the initial certification year and assessed for trends using the Cochran-Armitage test.

Results:

Analyses revealed an 11.7% annual growth rate in PAs earning initial certification and a change in gender composition (23.9% to 74.2% female) from 1975 to 2020. Between 2000 and 2020, we observed significant increases (all p<0.001) in the proportions of PAs who self-identify as Asian (5.7 percentage points), Hispanic/Latino(a) (3.5 percentage points), and multiracial (2.4 percentage points). However, there was a decline (all p<0.001) in the proportions of PAs who self-identify as Black/African American (1.2 percentage points), American Indian/Alaska Native (0.1 percentage points), Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (0.1 percentage points), and other race (1.1 percentage points). Trend analyses revealed that the proportion of PAs identifying as URiM decreased over the past 21 years.

Conclusion:

Ongoing assessment of the PA workforce demographics is essential to track the progress and effectiveness of diversification initiatives.
Sociologia da educação: uma outra aproximação
Authors: De Souza Iael
Published: May 2024

O artigo pretende servir de material complementar, de apoio, à disciplina de Sociologia da Educação para os cursos universitários de licenciatura. Aborda o surgimento da sociologia aplicada à educação, enfatizando o fato de que não há neutralidade na produção científica. Esclarece o significado da educação numa perspectiva ontológica e sua apropriação interesseira e interessada pelas classes sociais. Evidencia a atuação possível da sociologia da educação na perspectiva do capital e na perspectiva do trabalho, diferenciando-as. Procura, enfim, fortalecer a perspectiva do trabalho na sua luta contra-hegemônica e para além do capital mediante leituras sociológicas histórico-críticas da realidade, permitindo ações organizadas, mais conscientes e eficazes, para sua transformação radical.
PISA 2018 Türkiye Örnekleminde Okuma Becerisini Etkileyen Değişkenlerin Boruta Algoritması ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: Şehribanoğlu Sanem
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı öğrencilerin okuma beceri düzeylerine göre sınıflandırması üzerinde etkisi olan değişkenlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla yüksek ve düşük okuma becerisine sahip olarak belirlenen sınıflandırma gruplarını etkiyen değişkenler tespit edilmiştir. Çok sayıda değişkene sahip olan çalışmalarda hangi değişkenin daha etkin olduğunu tespit etmek için kullanılan değişken (öznitelik) seçim işlemi verilerin boyutlarının azaltılmasını ve ilgisiz değişkenlerin çıkarılmasını sağlar. Bu çalışmada Boruta algoritması kullanılarak okul türü, kariyer beklentisi, sosyo-ekonomik durum, BİT’e olan ilgi ve aşinalık, üst biliş stratejileri gibi değişkenlerin öğrencilerin okuma becerilerinde öne çıktığı belirlenmiştir.
Enhancing electromagnetic compatibility and energy efficiency of electric vehicle charging stations
Authors: Bahach Ruslan
Published: May 2024

Problem. The article proposes a single-link structure for an electric vehicle charging station utilizing an active four-square rectifier with power factor correction. A Matlab model of the proposed charging station is developed, taking into account parameters such as the power network, the switches of the active rectifier, its automatic control system, and an equivalent model of the battery compartment. Additionally, a mathematical model for calculating static and dynamic losses is created based on polynomial approximation of the energy dependencies of IGBT modules. The analysis investigates power quality parameters, components of energy losses, and efficiency of the charging station across various charge currents and PWM frequencies during a full battery charge interval. Goal. The aim of this study is to propose a single-link structure for an electric vehicle charging station using an active four-square rectifier with power factor correction. It includes an analysis of power quality parameters, components of energy losses, and efficiency of the charging station at different charge currents and PWM frequencies during a full battery charge interval. Methodology. To achieve the goal, several key steps are considered. These include theoretical substantiation of the scheme of the electric microgrid charging station for electric vehicles with one-stage energy conversion, analysis of the battery connection scheme in the Tesla Model S electric car, research and calculation of efficiency, modeling of the charging station, development of a Matlab model of a microgrid system for the charging station, SAC analysis of battery charge voltage and current of a three-phase AV with PWM, modeling of losses in IGBT modules by polynomial approximation of dependencies, distribution of losses in the charging station system, and analysis of energy efficiency parameters. Results. The study presents the energy efficiency parameters of an external DC EV charging station using an active rectifier. It reveals that maximum efficiency of the system is achieved at minimum charge current. However, decreasing the charge current prolongs the charge process and slightly affects power quality parameters. Originality. A mathematical model for calculating static and dynamic losses was developed based on polynomial approximation of the energy dependencies of IGBT modules. The analysis encompasses power quality parameters, components of energy losses, and efficiency of the charging station across various charge currents and PWM frequencies during a full battery charge interval. Practical value. This study contributes to the further development of electric vehicles by improving the energy indicators of electric vehicle batteries and converters of electric vehicle charging stations, enabling fast charging modes. Active development is observed in each of these directions.
Depression and recovery: study on the development dilemma of Harbin after the Russo-Japanese war and its countermeasures
Authors: Bocheng Zhang , Xiaoxiang Yi , Qinglian Wang , Jiayu Xie
Published: May 2024

The power of Russia in Northeast China had been greatly weakened along with the end of the Russo-Japanese war, and the cities and towns under its control had been decaying. In the face of such a series of problems as a capital loss, population reduction and economic recession, the Russian Empire had to make a timely adjustment to consolidate its dominance for the regions under its control. With the Grand Central Station of Chinese Eastern Railway, Harbin, as an example, the paper replays the recovery process of the township under control of the Russian through interpreting urban construction and planning history, such as urban economic recovery, urban population growth, public utility development, regional planning scheme and land transaction, trying to conclude the context and characteristics of urban development under this special historical background and enrich the research content of modern Chinese urban history, so as to provide a reference for relevant research.
The Curious Case of the RTT: AI-Assisted Well-Ordering of the Reals without the Axiom of Choice
Authors: Kamarei Arzhang
Published: May 2024

The Recursive Table Tree (RTT) is presented as a novel mathematical object which is capable of well-ordering the real numbers without the Axiom of Choice. Within the RTT, the Continuum Hypothesis and Generalized Continuum Hypothesis are shown to be true. Additionally, the RTT appears to be consistent with the Axiom of Determinacy. The RTT is also shown to be capable of injecting the infinitesimals and the hyperreals. At a logical level, the RTT seems to allow for the logical integration of both discrete and continuum mathematics and of aspects of determinacy and indeterminacy, due to its nature as a symbolic representation object between actual numbers and the variance of their representation.
The sociophonetically inscribed nonchalance of the non-standard 1SG and its mass media origins
Authors: Burnett Sophia
Published: May 2024

The re-emergence of the non-standard 1SG in English (“i”, herein NS1sg) suggests that the inclusion of the novel form as an online variant is indeed encoding sociophonetic variation; that it is deployed for its attenuative effects in a language with only one 1SG and no speech levels. The attenuation afforded by the variant is displayed in both a graphemic and—as suggested here—an acoustic reduction; a strong graphemic “I” becomes a weak graphemic “i”, and a diphthong /ɑɪ/ shifts to a monophthong /ə/ or /ɑː/. This pairing of phoneme-grapheme attenuation is socially useful. The very sound of /ɑɪ/ is salient and self-assertive, the sound of /ə/ is not. The perception of this phonetic variation relies on endophasia, but where do these vocal depictions come from, and are they faithful to the grapheme? This paper aims to demonstrate how vocal characterizations of nonchalant stance are being inscribed and enregistered in the NS1sg using personae, which are essentialized personifications of the imagined typical user. Enregisterment has been characterized as a social process whereby diverse behavioural signs (whether linguistic, non-linguistic, or both) are functionally re-analysed as cultural models of action, as behaviours capable of indexing stereotypic characteristics of incumbents of particular interactional roles, and of relations among them. Multiple tokens from 47 media sources, satisfy the prediction (p-value=<0.05) that the perceived NS1sg sits in the frequency area of high F2, and that as expected the 1SG personae reside in the low F2.
Preregistration of psychology meta-analyses: A cross-sectional study of prevalence and practice
Authors: Sandoval-Lentisco Alejandro , Tortajada Miriam , Lopez-Nicolas Ruben , López-López José A , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Sánchez-Meca Julio , Hardwicke Tom Elis
Published: May 2024

Considering their influential role in synthesizing the existing evidence on a particular topic, it is especially important that meta-analyses are conducted and reported to the highest standards, and the risk of bias is minimized. Preregistration can help detect and reduce bias arising from opportunistic use of ‘researcher degrees of freedom’. However, little is known about the prevalence and practice of the preregistration of meta-analyses in psychology. In this study, we first measured the prevalence of preregistration in all psychology meta-analyses published in 2021. Next, for 100 randomly selected preregistered meta-analyses, we evaluated the preregistration’s coverage of key meta-analytic decisions and the extent to which published meta-analyses deviated from their preregistered protocols. Of all 1403 eligible psychology meta-analyses published in 2021, 382 (27%) were preregistered. In our random sample, we found that key PRISMA-P decision items were often omitted from preregistered protocols — out of the 23 decisions items that were examined, the median number of items covered was 13 (interquartile range [IQR] = 11 to 14). We also found that all 100 preregistered meta-analyses contained at least one deviation from the preregistered protocol (median = 9 deviations, IQR = 6.75 to 11), and most deviations were undisclosed (median = 8 undisclosed deviations, IQR = 6 to 11). These findings show that, although preregistration is useful to detect the risk of bias, its infrequent use and poor implementation in psychology meta-analyses undermines its potential benefits of reducing bias and increasing transparency.
Inventory Management using BIG DATA and IOT
Authors: Aditi Kapil Agarwal  , Hrishika Ranjan  , Sumbul Hussain  , Priya Garg  , Vanshika Khatri
Published: May 2024

This review paper examines the application of big data analytics and the Internet of Things (IoT) to enhance inventory management practices in the food industry. The food sector faces unique challenges, such as short shelf-life, perishability, and the need for strict temperature and quality control, which necessitate a more sophisticated approach to inventory management. The paper explores how the integration of real-time data from IoT-enabled sensors, coupled with the power of big data processing and predictive analytics, can lead to improved demand forecasting, inventory optimization, and waste reduction. It delves into case studies and empirical evidence showcasing the benefits of this approach, including increased product availability, reduced spoilage, and enhanced supply chain visibility. The review also discusses the technological enablers, data management strategies, and decision-making frameworks that can drive the adoption of these innovative inventory management practices in the food industry. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research and practical applications in this domain, highlighting the potential for food businesses to gain a competitive edge through the strategic use of big data and IoT.
Do as I explain: Explanations communicate optimal interventions
Authors: Kirfel Lara , Harding Jacqueline , Shin Jeong Yeon , Xin Cindy , Icard Thomas , Gerstenberg Tobias
Published: May 2024

People often select only a few events when explaining what happened. What drives people's explanation selection? Prior research argued that people's explanation choices are affected by event normality and causal structure. Here, we propose a new model of these existing findings and test its predictions in a novel experiment. The model predicts that speakers value accuracy and relevance. They choose explanations that are true, and that communicate useful information to the listener. We test the model's predictions empirically by manipulating what goals a listener has and what actions they can take. Across twelve experimental conditions, we find that our model accurately predicts that people like to choose explanations that communicate optimal interventions.
Rethinking ostensive communication in an evolutionary, comparative, and developmental perspective
Authors: Sperber Dan , Wilson Deirdre
Published: May 2024

Ostensive communication (Sperber & Wilson, 1995) involves both an informative and a communicative intention: The communicator draws attention not only to the information she intends to convey but also to her intention to convey it. This elicits an expectation of relevance in addressees that guides them in interpreting the information communicated. This notion of ostensive communication has been influential in pragmatics, developmental psychology, and comparative psychology but also raises many questions. In the light of much relevant research, elaborations, and criticisms over the years, we put forward a revised, broadened, more explicit, and more explanatory account of ostensive communication and of the role played in it by cognitive expectations of relevance and social expectations of cooperativeness. We distinguish two forms of ostension: in basic ostension communicators give direct evidence of the information communicated; in mentalistic communication, they give indirect evidence of this information by giving direct evidence of their intention to convey it. We interpret relevant comparative psychology findings (such as Gómez 1986) as suggesting that a basic, non-mentalistic form of ostension evolved in great apes as a solution to the problems and opportunities presented by intentional communication. We discuss Csibra and Gergely’s (2009) “natural pedagogy theory” claim that ostension is specifically adapted for the transmission of general knowledge to children. Correcting earlier pragmatic theories inspired by Grice (1989) (including our own), we argue that typical verbal communication makes use of both basic and mentalistic ostension.
PERAN PENTING GURU SEBAGAI INOVATOR DALAM SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DI ERA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Apipah Nor
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini menjelaskan konsep inovasi secara umum dan bagaimana inovasi dapat diterapkan dalam konteks pendidikan. Inovasi adalah proses menciptakan dan menerapkan ide-ide baru yang membawa perubahan positif. Dalam pendidikan, inovasi berarti mengembangkan dan menerapkan metode, strategi, dan teknologi baru yang mengubah cara pembelajaran dilakukan. artikel ini menggambarkan peran penting guru sebagai inovator dalam menciptakan dan menerapkan inovasi pendidikan. Guru sebagai inovator memiliki kemampuan untuk mengenali tantangan dan peluang dalam proses pembelajaran, serta mengembangkan solusi kreatif yang relevan. Mereka mampu memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan sumber daya digital untuk merancang pengalaman pembelajaran yang menarik, interaktif, dan relevan bagi siswa. Guru sebagai inovator juga dapat mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam penilaian dan pemantauan perkembangan siswa, membuka jalan bagi pengembangan pendekatan evaluasi ya.ng lebih holistik dan personal. artikel ini menyoroti pentingnya inovasi dalam era teknologi informasi dalam konteks pendidikan. Teknologi informasi telah mengubah lanskap pendidikan dengan membawa perubahan yang cepat dan signifikan. Inovasi dalam pendidikan memungkinkan guru dan siswa untuk mengoptimalkan potensi teknologi informasi dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran. Selain itu, artikel ini juga menggarisbawahi pentingnya pelatihan dan dukungan yang tepat bagi guru agar dapat berperan sebagai inovator yang sukses dalam menghadapi tantangan era teknologi informasi.
Persistent and implications of Changing Livelihood in Hill Setting of Nepal: A Qualitative Inquiry of Vyas-10 of Tanahun
Authors: Sigdel Uddhav , Rijal Tulshi
Published: May 2024

Nepal has witnessed rapid change in political and socioeconomic dimensions in the last three decades. Migration and remittance are key factors for the changing livelihoods and it implies various forms of Hill settings in Nepal. The aim of the study is to identify the persistence and implications of livelihood changes in the Hill setting of Nepal from the emic perspective. As per the requirement of the study, 30 in-depth interviews were conducted Dumsi village of Vyas-10 of Tanahun district. The study identified that remittance is the key driver of the livelihood change in the Hill setting. The changing livelihood of the village people also changes the gender roles, the age structure of the working age population, change in the caste-based occupation and structural change of the caste-based system and the diversification of the income sources. Agriculture was seen as the main occupation three decades ago, it is a secondary source of livelihood in the villages due to migration and remittances.
Exploring Forms and Practices of Menstruation in the Changing Social System: A Study of Suryabinayak-05, Katunje, Bhaktapur
Authors: Adhikari Laxmi , Thapa Mahalaxmi
Published: May 2024

Menstruation forms and practices with restriction have a long history not only in a single culture and region but in various religions and cultures may vary according to the level of their cultural norms, values and superstitions. The aim of the study is to explore the forms of practices of menstruation in the changing Nepali society. The qualitative data were collected from the Suryabinayak-05, Katunje, Bhaktapur district. All total 10 potential research participants were selected for in-depth interview along with non-participant observation in the field. The study indicates that the women from Brahmin and Chhetri community affiliated to Hindu religion are practicing almost all forms of discrimination due to menstruation. Stay in a separate room, eating in a separate room, bathing in separate bathroom, be away from social activities and not participate in religious activities. This discrimination should be addressed through awareness programs in the community.
Daily Time Table of Students in Gurukul: A Study of Gurukul in Devghat, Tanahun
Authors: Adhikari Toya Nath
Published: May 2024

This study aims to show the timetable applied / practiced by the students in Gurukuls , especially with reference to Mahesh Gurukul located in Devghat, Tanahun. Gurukul has got credit in the development of an innate sense of concentration of students to involve them in their study. The students will be around the environment of a teacher so that they can develop physical, mental, cognitive and spiritual goodness in them according to their regular timetable.  Gurukul is an education system of receiving education under the full guidance of a guru/teacher. This system has been in practice since ancient times. In Gurukul education, Sanskrit language is considered as the first and oldest language used since the past time period. It has also got its own unique teaching style. Its value is that it reflects the culture in education system. There are around two hundred fifty Gurukuls in Nepal. The curriculum of traditional Gurukul education had been prepared by a guru/ teacher and would be completed within a fixed time. Furthermore, particular subjects would be completed by students within the given time period. In this context, the learners had to follow real time to complete the study of Bhagawat, Puranas or Vedas etc. It is to be understood that Gurukul education plays significant role  for children who have not access to another type of formal education. It is generally related to teacher-centered method of learning. Gurukul education system has been established on Hindu religious and cultural practices. There are only three ways to get education in Gurukul education system: knowledge gained through Guru's service, cooperation of skill and friendly environment. Gurukul education has followed particular and certain time table to promote their traditional norms and values. So, all students and teachers should follow the time table fixed by Gurukul. The methodology of this paper is opened ended interview with head teacher and teachers and focus group discussion was held with students.
Digital Banking in Nepal: Embracing the Potential During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Joshi Bhuwan Raj , Joshi Pusp Raj
Published: May 2024

The digital banking system was introduced with the innovation and advancement of information and communication technology but because of the hesitancy of customers and the lack of initiation from the banks, it did not keep pace in Nepal. In this context, the epidemic of COVID-19 seemed to have a noticeable impact on accelerating digital banking, even though it has caused great damage in other areas of social life. This study seeks to provide a comparative analysis of before and during COVID-19 on customer access and effectiveness of digital banking services, and changes in customer behavior. The research uses annual reports of NRB, newspapers, and article reviews as secondary data and semi-structured interviews with banking customers and bank employees as sources of primary data. This research examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected digital banking in Nepal, and it may also serve as a model for future studies in the area. This study found that in the post-pandemic scenario customer access to digital banking services has significantly increased and it consequently led to an increase in customer confidence and it is helpful to reduce the cost of digital transactions. This study will also be helpful to make digital banking more effective.
Examining the Socio-economic Viewpoint of Nepalese Women Residing in Tokyo, Japan: A Study on Women's Migration to Japan
Authors: Saud Padam
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the push factors and the pull factors driving Nepalese women to choose to work in Japan. It commonly occurs because of the push factor of fewer opportunities in the socio-economic situation and also because of pull factors in more developed areas. This study's general objective is to determine the socio-economic structure of female migrants from Nepal. Similarly, it also attempts to analyze the reasons, role, impact, and process of female migration, and the dynamics of foreign migration. This study adopts the qualitative design; data collection was done by interviewing 150 women and two focus group discussions (FGD) each of 10 informants in each group of 18-45 years old. The finding shows most importantly two types of factors: push and pull factors drive female migration. The finding indicates that poverty, unemployment, unequal wages, less importance of their role in the household, discrimination, poor health care, oppression, and socio-cultural barriers are the main push factors of female migration. More opportunities, equality, good education and health, high wages, technology, family and networks, safety and freedom, and empowerment through knowledge and income are the pull factors of Nepalese females.
Value Added Tax Registration and E-filling Status in Revenue Administration in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Raja Ram
Published: May 2024

Nepal has also improved the implementation of VAT since 1998 both legally and administratively due to liberalization. A key problem facing revenue administrations in many developing countries is operating manual paper-based recording systems henceforth e-filling systems address this issue (William & Huang, 2019). This research was designed descriptively and secondary data was used ranging from FY 2065/66 to 2078/79. The number of VAT registrations sharply increased during the study period. The main reason behind to rise in VAT registration is simplifying the VAT procedures, introducing or launching the ICT, and wide coverage of business in VAT and PAN by IRD. To sum up, both VAT and PAN registration numbers were rising during the study period. Similarly, the average VAT and PAN registration numbers were 170334 and 899714 respectively. Both VAT non-filers and income tax non-filers taxpayers were fluctuating during the study period with 27.04% and 48.6% on average. The non-filler taxpayers under VAT and income tax were the highest at 38.46% and 58.36% in FY 2076/77 and FY 2067/68 respectively during the study period. The non-filler VAT and income taxes were still 33% and 45% in the fiscal year 2078/79. The reason behind the rise from 25.10% of VAT non-filler to 2076/77 and last year was that due to COVID-19 international and national cases and lockdowns around all places of Nepal, almost all businesses were closed suffering from COVID-19. Hence, the implementation of the efilling system needs to be effective and tax-friendly for the taxpayer.
Legitimation of Linguistic Hegemony Through Language in Education Policy in Nepal: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Mouni Ram Bahadur
Published: May 2024

The constitutional provision of equal right to all languages as a medium of instruction claims that linguistic justice over all the languages has been maintained in Nepalese Education system. However, this 'positive self-representation' of the constitution and the government seem to implicitly marginalize the 'other languages' through legitimation of domination of powerful languages such as, English and Nepali. Based on this issue, this paper critically analyzes the discourse of Language in Education Policy (a part of National Education Policy 2019) in order to examine how hegemony of dominant languages such as, English and Nepali over other minority languages is legitimized through language in Education Policy in the context of Nepal. Critically analyzing the discourse of language in education policy of Nepal through the lens of ideology, power and double voicedness, the paper reveals that even though Nepalese language in education policy seems to adopt mother tongue-based multilingual education policy, hegemony of two dominant languages (English and Nepali) is still prevalent. The hegemony of these dominant languages is legitimized, reinforced and maintained by the nation through language in education policies.
'मेरो चोक' कविताका तत्व
Authors: बडू Badu भुवेश्वरी Bhuweshwari
Published: May 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा ‘मेरो चोक’ कविताका संरचक घटकहरूको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचामा संरचित यस अध्ययनमा विषयवस्तुको सङ्कलन पुस्तकालयीय कार्य र विषयवस्तुको विश्लेषण वर्णनात्मक विधिबाट गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनमा भूपी शेरचनद्वारा लिखित ‘मेरो चोक’ कवितालाई कविताका संरचक घटकहरूका आधारमा अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस लेखमा कविताका सबै संरचक घटकहरू नभई यहाँ प्रस्तुत कविताको विषयवस्तु र भाषाशैलीय विन्यासको मात्र अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । ‘मेरो चोक’ कविता कवि भूपी शेरचनको ‘धुम्ने मेचमाथि अन्धो मान्छे’ (२०२६) कविता सङग्रहमा राखिएको उत्कृष्ट कविता हो । सर्वप्रथम २०११ सालमा नयाँ झ्याउरेका माध्यमबाट एकैचोटि पुस्तकार कृति ल्याएर नेपाली कविताका फाँटमा देखा परेका कवि भूपी शेरचनले यस ‘मेरो चोक’ कवितामा साँघुरो गल्लीमा अव्यवस्थित चोक रहेको र त्यहाँ रोग, भोग र शोक व्याप्त रहेको कुरा उल्लेख गरेका छन् । म, मानिस र देवता गरी तीन थरी सहभागीको प्रयोग गरिएको यस कवितामा वर्णित चोकलाई ‘मेरो चोक’ भन्ने ‘म’ पात्र यस कविताको समख्याता वक्ता एवम् यस कविताका मानिस र देवता दुवै प्रमुख सहभागीका रूपमा आएका छन् । कवि भूपी शेरचनद्वारा लिखित ‘मेरो चोक’ कविताका संरचक घटक अन्तर्गत विषयवस्तु र भाषाशैलीय विन्यासलाई मात्र अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
‘सेतीको सुस्केरा’ कथामा सीमान्तीयता
Authors: बडू Badu प्रकाशचन्द्र Prakashchandra
Published: May 2024

यस लेखको मुख्य उद्देश्य ‘सेतीको सुस्केरा’ कथामा सीमान्तीय स्थितिको पहिचान र विश्लेषण गर्नु हो । यस लेखमा कथाकी प्रमुख पात्र सेतीको वर्गीय, जातीय र लैङ्गिक सीमान्तीय स्थितिको खोजी गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत आलेखमा सामग्री सङ्कलनका लागि पुस्तकालयीय कार्य र तथ्यको प्रस्तुतीकरणका लागि वर्णनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । समाजमा वर्ग, जाति, लिङ्ग आदिका आधारमा आवाजविहीन, पहिचानविहीन, पहुँचविहीन तथा सामथ्र्यहीन बनाइएका व्यक्तिहरू सीमान्तकृत वर्गमा पर्दछन् । यस कथाकी प्रमुख नारी पात्र सेती उच्च वर्गको शोषणबाट सीमान्तकृत बन्न पुगेकी छिन् । उच्च जाति मानिनेहरूबाट तिरस्कृत र बहिष्कृत बन्न पुगेकी उनलाई कथित माथिल्लो जातिका व्यक्तिहरूबाट पटक पटक शोषणको सिकार बन्नु परेको छ । त्यसै गरी पितृसत्तात्मक सामाजिक संस्कृतिले शासित र शोषित बनाएको छ । पुरूषवादी वर्चश्वको दमनबाट प्रताडित र आश्रयहीन बन्नु पर्दा उसले पुरूषको साथ खोज्नुपरेको देखिन्छ भने तिनै पुरूषबाट पुनः आश्रयहीन बन्न बाध्य भएकी छ । प्रस्तुत आलेखमा सेतीको सुस्केरा कथामा परम्परागत वर्गीय, जातीय र लैङ्गिक विभेदका कारण पात्रहरूले सीमान्तकृत बन्नु परेको निष्कर्ष प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।