bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS TO ESTIMATE ONE PERSONALITY TRAIT FROM OTHERS WITH PARENTAL MENTAL HEALTH AS A LATENT VARIABLE
Authors: Sabharwal Alka , Goyal Babita , Dhingra Nidhi Arora
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Adolescence is a transformational but vulnerable age.Personality starts taking shape at this age and the traits developed during this
phase are likely to remain with a person for the whole life. Afavourable atmosphere at home and surroundings play a pivotal role in development in
different dimensions of personality. Lack of a support system may result in some psychiatric disorders among adolescents which might needs to be
addressed. Eysenck personality questionnaire is a psychiatric tool to assess various dimensions of personality. Methods: Structural equation
models with two and three layers were applied to estimate personality traits as identied by Eysenck personality questionnaire on two groups of
adolescents: (i) The 'Control' group whose parents were not reported any psychiatric disorder; and (ii) the 'Case' group whose parent(s) were
suffering from some psychiatric disorder as diagnosed by DSM-IV. Results: The conventional three-layer model for 'Control' group estimated
'Psychoticism' directly by 'Lie-scale' and indirectly by 'Extraversion' with p-values < 0.05. The two-layered model yielded no signicant difference
between the base and the proposed model for 'Control' and 'Case' group as p-values were more than 0.05. The variability of Neuroticism was
estimated up to 63.6% by a linear combination of Psychoticism, Lie-scale and Gender in Layer 1 of the model for the 'Control' group. Conclusion:
In this study either through the conventional three-layer model or the proposed two-layer models, we concluded that some information about one
dimension can be extracted from the other dimension with EPQ even if the correlation is not signicant. Also, the proposed two-layer model
established the effect of gender at 10% level of signicance in case of 'Control' group. Psychoticism and Neuroticism mean scores were higher for
the 'Case' groups than those for the 'Control' group thus establishing the effect of parental mental health on adolescents' personality
Endogenous hormone causes flower and fruit drop of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense cv. Citra)
Authors: Wukir Tini Etik , Dwi Haryanto T.A. , Sakhidin Sakhidin , Saparso Saparso
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to obtain information about the content of endogenous hormones that causes ﬂowers and fruit drop of wax apple. The variables observed in the six stages of ﬂower and fruit development that drop easily and retention of indole-­3-­acetic acid (IAA), cytokinin (zeatin and kinetin), gibberellins (GA3), 1­-amino cyclopropane­-1-­carboxylic acid (ACC), total sugar, and starch. Six stages of development of wax apple fruit: (1) Bud Development (initial ﬂowering) 0­-3 days before anthesis. (2) Anthesis (perfect blooming ﬂowers), 0­-7 days after anthesis. (3) Fruit set, 7­-14 days after anthesis. (4) Fruit development, 14-­28 days after anthesis. (5) Fruit Maturation, 28­-35 days after anthesis. (6) Fruit ripening, 35­-50 days after anthesis. The results showed that the content of IAA, zeatin, GA3, and total sugar of ﬂowers and fruit of wax apple at 6 stages that would fall smaller than those of retention and ACC content and starch was higher in ﬂower and fruits that drop easily than retention. The kinetin content in the ﬂower development that drop easily is smaller than the retention but in the fruit development the kinetin content is not signiﬁcantly diﬀerent between those that drop easily and retention.
The taxonomic circumscription of Aconitum subgenus Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) in Europe
Authors: Mitka Józef , Novikov Andriy , Rottensteiner Walter
Published: April 2021

In this article, we present a revised taxonomic circumscription of Aconitum subg. Aconitum (Ranunculaceae) in Europe. In total, the subgenus contains some 250 species with the major center of diversity in Eastern Asia. Altogether 94 taxa (species and infraspecific taxa, including hybrids) occur in Europe. Among them, 22 are native species, and 28 are nothospecies (including hybrid formulae). The research is based on former (since Linnaeus) and recent species diagnoses integrating herbarium and field studies carried out in the Alps, Carpathians, Balkans, Spanish Sierra Nevada, Sudetes, and Corsica. The subgenus includes three sections in Europe: the diploid sect. Cammarum, the tetraploid sect. Aconitum, and the monospecific, allopolyploid sect. Angustifolium. Additionally, a triploid, hybridogenous nothosection Acomarum (sect. Aconitum × sect. Cammarum) is presented. For each species, type citation, a concise morphological description, including infraspecific variation and hybridization, geographical distribution, and iconography sources are given. Also, a key to the determination of all taxa is presented. The proposed system scrutinizes former and recent species concepts and gives a base for further studies on the genus’ phylogeny and biotechnology.
A numerical approach to the taxonomy of some species of the Subtribe Cassiinae in Nigeria
Authors: Kolawole Opeyemi Saheed , Abdulrahaman Abdullahi Alanamu , Chukwuma Emmanuel Chukwudi , Jimoh Mahboob Adekilekun
Published: April 2021

Twelve morphological parameters from the leaves, fruits, and pedicel of fifteen (15) species of the subtribe Cassiinae were studied using the methods of numerical taxonomy. Characters such as leaflet length, leaflet width, and leaflet length/width ratio contributed significantly in the delimitation of the species studied. While C. italica and Ch. mimosoides are the most closely related taxa, C. fistula and C. singueana appear to be the most distantly related as reflected by the cluster coefficients. Further illustrations as revealed by the dendrogram and scatter plot generated placed the 15 studied species into three groups. While we acknowledge the relevance of phylogenetic analysis in taxonomic studies as it is in recent times, we strongly support the application of numerical taxonomy to compliment findings.
Typification and synonymy of the Atlantic Forest endemic species Napeanthus primulifolius (Gesneriaceae)
Authors: Da Costa-Lima James Lucas , Chagas Earl Celestino de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

During the nomenclatural revision of Acanthaceae names described by Friar J.M.C. Vellozo in his Florae fluminensis, we realized that Pedicularis acaulis Vell. was conspecific with Napeanthus primulifolius (Gesneriaceae), a Brazilian Atlantic Forest endemic species. This study presents the complete and updated synonymy of N. primulifolius, including two new synonyms: Pedicularis acaulis and Oreocharis notha C.B.Clarke. We also propose a lectotype for N. primulifolius based on G.Raddi’s specimens and P. acaulis based on Vellozo’s original plate.
BAHASA EMOTIF WARGA PETANI DESA PRAMBON KECAMATAN PRAMBON KABUPATEN
Authors: Sari Dewi Sartika
Published: April 2021

Bahasa merupakan alat untuk mengungkapkan perasaan yang ada dalam pikiran manusia.Perasaan itu bisa disebut emosi. Emosi yang muncul dari pikiran manusia dapat menciptakansuatu budaya. Suatu daerah memiliki budaya sendiri. Ekspresi emosi mereka berbeda-beda,dan memiliki ciri-ciri yang unik dalam mengungkapkan emosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmemahami bentuk ekspresi emosi atau bisa disebut bahasa emotif petani dan latar belakangbudaya masyarakatnya. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan ada sembilan jenis emosi yang digunakan oleh petani desa Prambon.Sembilan jenis itu adalah emosi marah, senang, sedih, kecewa, tidak suka, kagum, malu,kaget, dan pendapat. Emosi itulah yang biasa dimanfaatkan para petani desa Prambon dalamkesehariannya. Bentuk emosi bahasa dapat dilihat dari pengamatan petani di desa Prambon.
Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein: Is it an early diagnostic and prognostic marker in liver damage?
Authors: Gokcen Pinar , Cakmak Erol , Adali Gupse , Dogan Halef Okan , Yildiz Seyma Nur , Ozturk Oguzhan , Doganay Hamdi Levent , Ozdil Kamil
Published: April 2021

Objective: The majority of the liver function tests are not specific to the liver. The histological liver damage begins before patients are diagnosed with cirrhosis and continues afterwards. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for early and specific markers that are correlated with liver damage. This study aims to investigate if serum and urinary liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) levels could be used as an early diagnostic marker of liver cirrhosis.

Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, 27 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, and 30 healthy controls. The patients and healthy controls were tested for serum and urinary L-FABP levels.

Results: The serum and urinary L-FABP levels were higher in patients with cirrhosis than the healthy controls (both p<0.001). The cut-off value of serum and urinary L-FABP was computed as 721.78 ng/ml and 621.25 ng/ml, respectively. The sensitivity of serum and urinary L-FABP to detect cirrhosis at this cut-off was 99.8% and 98.9%. The specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of serum and urinary L-FABP at these cut-off levels were 100 %. There was no difference in terms of serum and urinary L-FABP between compensated and decompensated cirrhosis patients. Accordingly, no correlation was determined between serum/urinary L-FABP levels and cirrhosis complications.

Conclusion: L-FABP increases in serum and urine in response to hepatocyte damage that can result in liver fibrosis. We demonstrated that patients with liver cirrhosis had high L-FABP levels. L-FABP may be used as a predictive non-invasive marker of cirrhosis as it can be detected before the clinical symptoms of liver damage.
How does smartphone usage affect the severity of neck pain, neck-pain related disability, and cervical lordosis? A pilot study
Authors: Cankurtaran Damla , Aykin Yigman Zeynep , Yigman Fatih , Celik Gulnur
Published: April 2021

Objective: Long-term and repetitive use of smartphones may cause musculoskeletal symptoms such as neck pain. This pilot study aimed to examine the effect of smartphone usage on neck pain, disability, and cervical lordosis.

Material and Methods: Seventy-eight patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional pilot study. The level of smartphone use was evaluated with the Smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV). Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to assess pain and disability. Cervical lordosis angle was measured using the Cobb method.

Results: A positive significant correlation with low correlation coefficient (r= 0.277, p=0.014; r: 0.295, p=0.009) was determined between SAS-SV and NBQ, and NDI. However, no correlation was found between SAS-SV and cervical lordosis angle (p>0.05). When applying simple linear regression modeling to predict neck pain severity, the SAS-SV total score alone explained 7.7% of the variance of the NBQ and 9.0% of the variance of the NDI total score.

Conclusion: We concluded that it would be beneficial to question the frequency and position of smartphone use, to recommend to use it less, and to avoid prolongation in neck flexion for patients with chronic neck pain.
The Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Methicilline-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Various Clinical Samples
Authors: Özbek Erdal , Temiz Hakan , Özcan Nida , Akkoc Hasan
Published: April 2021

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro susceptibilities of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains to fluoroquinolone, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin as well as the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance phenotype.

Materials and Methods: A total of 94 MRSA strains isolated from various clinical samples in our hospital laboratory between January 2020 and September 2020 were included. The in-vitro susceptibilities of MRSA strains against fluoroquinolone, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion assay according to The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST).  The E test assay was used for evaluation of tigecycline susceptibility. The D-zone test was performed with erythromycin (15 μg) and clindamycin (2 μg) discs to determine the MLSB resistance. Besides, bacterial identification, antibiotic susceptibility tests including methicillin resistance and MLSB phenotype determination were performed by using VITEK 2 Gram-positive diagnostic kits (Bio-Mérieux/France).

Results: Results: Among 94 MRSA strains included, resistance rates to ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were found as 71% (67 isolates) 64% (60 isolates), 17% (16 isolates), and 2% (2 isolates), respectively. Resistance was not detected for linezolid. A total of 36 (49%) isolates showed cMLSB resistance phenotype, while 18(19%) had iMLSB resistance. The methicillin susceptibility (MS) phenotype – strains resistant to erythromycin and susceptible to clindamycin- was not detected.

Conclusion: Very little resistance was found to linezolid, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tigecycline. Therefore, these antibiotics may be beneficial for the proper treatment of infections caused by MLSB-resistant isolates.
Sexual Slavery as a War Crime: A Reform Proposal
Authors: Storchi Alessandro
Published: April 2021

For the first time in the history of international criminal law, the ICC Elements of Crimes included a statutory definition of sexual slavery as a war crime and as a crime against humanity. Such definition is derived from, and in fact almost identical to, the definition of enslavement in the same text. In July 2019, that language for the first time was adopted and applied in the conviction of general Bosco Ntaganda, the first ever conviction for sexual slavery as a war crime and as a crime against humanity at the ICC, as part of the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

This note argues for a reform in the language of the crime of sexual slavery as present in the ICC Elements of Crimes. The present formulation of such crime fails to correctly provide an independent standing for sexual slavery: that is, it does not adequately characterize the sexual nature of the crime as opposed to the broader category of enslavement. The note will focus on the drafting history that led to the present language, as well as on the problems arising from the Ntaganda decision.

The note highlights the theoretical and practical limits of the present formulation, and it will address the academic critiques the language already received. It will then provide for an alternative wording for the first element of the crime, a wording that is more reflective of the purpose arising from the negotiating history at Rome and that emphasizes the sexual nature of the offense.
Prosecuting Executive Branch Wrongdoing
Authors: Cook, III Julian
Published: April 2021

Attorney General William Barr’s handling of Robert Mueller’s Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election was undeniably controversial and raised meaningful questions regarding the impartiality of the Department of Justice. Yet, Barr’s conduct, which occurred at the conclusion of the Mueller investigation, was merely the caboose at the end of a series of controversies that were coupled together from the outset of the investigation. Ensnarled in dissonance from its inception, the Mueller investigation was dogged by controversies that ultimately compromised its legitimacy.

Public trust of criminal investigations of executive branch wrongdoing requires prosecutorial independence. To further this critical objective, an investigative and prosecutorial structure must be implemented that grants a prosecutor sufficient latitude to pursue independent investigations while reigning in the exercise of runaway discretion. Indeed, at no time since Watergate has there been such a clear need for reform.

This Article will explain why many of the controversies that beset the Mueller investigation can be sourced to the Special Counsel regulations—the rules that governed his appointment, as well as his investigative and prosecutorial authority. And it will explain why many of these ills can be ameliorated by enacting a modified and innovative version of the expired Independent Counsel Statute.
Publish, Share, Re-Tweet, and Repeat
Authors: Lavi Michal
Published: April 2021

New technologies allow users to communicate ideas to a broad audience easily and quickly, affecting the way ideas are interpreted and their credibility. Each and every social network user can simply click “share” or “retweet” and automatically republish an existing post and expose a new message to a wide audience. The dissemination of ideas can raise public awareness about important issues and bring about social, political, and economic change.

Yet, digital sharing also provides vast opportunities to spread false rumors, defamation, and Fake News stories at the thoughtless click of a button. The spreading of falsehoods can severely harm the reputation of victims, erode democracy, and infringe on the public interest. Holding the original publisher accountable and collecting damages from him offers very limited redress since the harmful expression can continue to spread. How should the law respond to this phenomenon and who should be held accountable?

Drawing on multidisciplinary social science scholarship from network theory and cognitive psychology, this Article describes how falsehoods spread on social networks, the different motivations to disseminate them, the gravity of the harm they can inflict, and the likelihood of correcting false information once it has been distributed in this setting. This Article will also describe the top-down influence of social media platform intermediaries, and how it enhances dissemination by exploiting users’ cognitive biases and creating social cues that encourage users to share information. Understanding how falsehoods spread is a first step towards providing a framework for meeting this challenge.

The Article argues that it is high time to rethink intermediary duties and obligations regarding the dissemination of falsehoods. It examines a new perspective for mitigating the harm caused by the dissemination of falsehood. The Article advocates harnessing social network intermediaries to meet the challenge of dissemination from the stage of platform design. It proposes innovative solutions for mitigating careless, irresponsible sharing of false rumors.

The first solution focuses on a platform’s accountability for influencing user decision-making processes. “Nudges” can discourage users from thoughtless sharing of falsehoods and promote accountability ex ante. The second solution focuses on allowing effective ex post facto removal of falsehoods, defamation, and fake news stories from all profiles and locations where they have spread. Shaping user choices and designing platforms is value laden, reflecting the platform’s particular set of preferences, and should not be taken for granted. Therefore, this Article proposes ways to incentivize intermediaries to adopt these solutions and mitigate the harm generated by the spreading of falsehoods. Finally, the Article addresses the limitations of the proposed solutions yet still concludes that they are more effective than current legal practices.
The Effects of Wordle Media on Students’ Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Pamungkas Nailul Author Restu
Published: April 2021

The incorporation of technology-based media and teaching English vocabulary is considered to be puzzling. Teachers should take into account the students’ learning style and their capabilities in operating the technology-based media. One of the practical technology-based media to teach vocabulary is Wordle. This study attempted to examine the effectiveness of an intervention using Wordle media to improve students’ vocabulary mastery. This study involved 74 students of a private vocational school in Bandung. A quasi experimental research study was employed as the design of research. The findings indicated that implementing Wordle media proves to be effective in enhancing the students’ vocabulary mastery. There is significance differences between experimental and control classes.
Humor as an Approach Used by Teacher to Evoke Students’ Motivation in EFL Online Learning
Authors: Nashruddin Nashruddin , Alam Fiptar Abdi
Published: April 2021

Covid-19 pandemic condition demands the learning activities to be conducted online. The current study aims to investigate the types of humor inserted by the teacher in the EFL online teaching-learning activities, and students’ responses toward the teacher’s humor. The participants of this descriptive qualitative research are an EFL teacher and 29 students of the 2nd grade at SMA Muhammadiyah Barru. To collect data about the types of humor used by the teacher, the researchers directly observe the online learning activities conducted by the teacher and his students. For gaining the deepest data about students’ responses toward the teacher’s humor, the researchers randomly interview 10 from those 29 students. The researchers found that in the online teaching-learning activities, the teacher inserted humorous words that based on the theory were classified into pun fan, joke, innuendo, malapropism, and absurdity. Besides that, the researchers also found new types of humor used by the teacher, which were then named as local humor and plesetan humor. From the interview result, it is found students’ responses towards the teacher’s humor indicate that humor maintains students’ focus in learning activities, stimulates students to solve problems quickly, and keeps students’ self-confidence in online learning.
Poor Sleep Quality Differences Among Adolescents With Smartphone Addiction Compared To Adolescents Without Smartphone Addiction
Authors: Silvanasari Irwina Angelia , Meldy Tursina Hella
Published: April 2021

Introduction: An adolescent aggregate is an age group with a high rate of smartphone addiction. Poor sleep quality in adolescents is one of the negative effects resulting from smartphone addiction Objective: To analyse poor sleep quality differences among adolescents with smartphone addiction compared to those without Methods: Analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach was used in this study, involving 165 secondary school students as the participants. Study variables include smartphone addiction and poor sleep quality. The instruments used for data collection are the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and the Smartphone Addiction Scale: Short Version (SAS-SV). The statistical analysis performed was the Mann Whitney test. Results: The statistical test results obtained a p-value < alpha (0,000 < 0,05), which means at a 95% confidence level, there was a difference in the poor sleep quality score between adolescents with smartphone addiction compared to those without. Adolescents with smartphone addiction have higher poor sleep quality scores compared to adolescents without smartphone addiction. Conclusion: Adolescents should be able to limit the use of the smartphone according to their needs and minimise smartphone use before going to bed at night.
Tabletop Tsunami Simulator In Tsunami Disaster Preparation To Make Schools Of Disaster Preparedness
Authors: Ekaprasetia Feri , Wirasakti Guruh
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Tsunami in Indonesia become a threat to society, especially for vulnerable groups. Primary school students are one of the vulnerable groups that should have adequate preparedness both in their knowledge and attitudes in facing the tsunami. To support the preparedness, a tabletop tsunami simulator has been developed. Objective: To describe the tsunami preparedness of school-age children and to assess the impact of the tabletop tsunami simulator on the knowledge and attitudes of school children towards tsunamis. Methods: The study design was a one group pre-test – post-test design with a total participant of 157 students. The research instrument used was a tabletop tsunami simulator and a questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitude towards tsunamis. The statistical test used was the Mann Whitney test. The inclusion criteria included primary school 5th and 6th grade students, had a smartphone, and were willing to be participants. The data was collected using Google form and had obtained ethical approval number 62/SDS/KEPK/TL/VI/2020. Result: The Mann Whitney test showed a significant effect between the tabletop tsunami simulator and the participants’ knowledge of tsunamis with a p-value of 0.000 (p-value <0.05). In the attitude variable, an increase in the attitude score between the pre-test and post-test was also observed. The average attitude score increased from 32.99 to 34.97, with a p-value = 0.000. Conclusion: There is a significant effect between the tabletop tsunami simulator with the participants’ knowledge and attitudes in facing the threat of a tsunami.
INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF PUBLIC FINANCIAL AND CONTROL ACTIVITY AS A TOOL FOR FIGHTING ECONOMIC CRIME
Authors: Grytsyshen Dymytrii Grytsyshen Dymytrii , Opanasiuk Andrii Opanasiuk Andrii
Published: April 2021

The essence of institutionalization of the state financial and control activity is defined in
the article. The activity of the Accounting Chamber as the highest audit body in Ukraine is studied. The normative legal acts regulating the activity of the State Audit Service of Ukraine are analyzed and generalized. The tasks and functions of the State Tax Service of Ukraine and the State Customs Service of Ukraine as institutional subjects of the state financial and control activity are defined. The institutional principles of the state financial and control activity in the focus of the fight against economic crime in the format of the activity of the State Treasury Service of Ukraine have been worked out. The functional directions and peculiarities of the activity of the State Financial Monitoring Service are analyzed. The matrix of institutionalization of financial control activity as a tool for combating economic crime has been formed.
Keywords: economic crime, institutionalization, state financial and control activity, institutional principles.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТЕХНІЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ПІД ЧАС СЛІДЧИХ (РОЗШУКОВИХ) ДІЙ ЯК ЕЛЕМЕНТ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО ВПЛИВУ
Authors: Сокиран Ф. М.
Published: April 2021

Мета статті полягає в науковому обґрунтуванні можливості психологічного впливу на учасниківкримінального провадження через застосування технічних засобів під час слідчих (розшукових) дій. Методологія. Достовірність отриманих результатів і висновків забезпечено сукупністю методів філософського,загальнонаукового і конкретно-наукового рівнів. Зокрема, з позиції матеріалістичної діалектики розглянутоможливість збирання «ідеальних» слідів, що залишилися в пам’яті людини в результаті події правопорушення, у вигляді показань. Із застосуванням методів формальної логіки (аналіз, синтез, аналогія, дедукція) доведено ефективність застосування тактичних прийомів психологічного впливу на учасників кримінальногопровадження з метою отримати правдиві показання. Завдяки методам аналогії та моделювання на реальнихприкладах продемонстровано ефективність застосування технічних засобів під час слідчих (розшукових) дійяк елемент психологічного впливу на осіб, причетних до вчинення кримінального правопорушення. Науковановизна. Ефективність застосування технічних засобів під час слідчих (розшукових) дій розглянуто з позиціїпсихологічного впливу на осіб, які беруть участь у проведенні таких процесуальних дій, що, по суті, являєсобою тактичний прийом, спрямований на отримання достовірної інформації. Висновки. Доведено ефективність використання технічних засобів під час слідчих (розшукових) дій із метою психологічного впливуна їх учасників. Сформульовано криміналістичні рекомендації щодо допустимості використання технічнихзасобів під час слідчих (розшукових) дій із метою психологічного впливу, дотримання яких сприятиме одержанню належних і допустимих доказів
Big Neuroscience
Authors: Larson Erik
Published: April 2021

Modern neuroscience depends on gigantic computer-generated models and network diagrams of neurons, neuron circuits, and brain regions. If Big Data can offer new insights, this field might be the place to look. Or not. Erik Larson criticizes claims about Big Data.
The Perfect Language
Authors: Chaitin Gregory
Published: April 2021

Mathematicians still believe in absolute truth and formal proof, though Gödel and Turing showed that no axiomatic theory includes all mathematical truths. Algorithmic information theory confirms this. Gregory Chaitin explores incompleteness and uncomputability, and reflects on his work in AIT.
Strangely Convergent Sequences
Authors: Kharazishvili Alexander
Published: April 2021

Mathematics involves an intriguing interplay between finite and infinite collections and between discrete and continuous structures. Discussing summation methods, Alexander Kharazishvili looks at the fascinating paradoxes of convergent and divergent sequences.
Materialism or Nothing
Authors: Cody Arthur
Published: April 2021

Brain research is intended to produce valuable results in medicine and information technology. All to the good. Nevertheless, the contentions made by both the BRAIN Initiative and the Human Brain Project are not only unproven, but indefensible. Their most egregious error lies in a doctrinal misconception of what the mind does. The mind is a matter of memory, belief, intention, desire, will, and the like—mentalities.
Mind and Image
Authors: Lambert Jean-François
Published: April 2021

The spectacular improvements in Positron Emission Tomography and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging over the last three decades have led researchers to a reconsideration of the brain and the mind. A form of neurophilia has made its way into contemporary culture. The brain is no longer envisaged as an organ a subject possesses, but as an entity with which he identifies, with which he is at one.
Genes Without Prominence
Authors: Baverstock Keith
Published: April 2021

Genes alone do not dictate phenotype. Applying dynamical systems theory to biological organisms, Keith Baverstock argues that natural selection is based on metabolic efficiency, not on genetic variation. Cellular phenotypes function as systems attractors, the real units of inheritance.
Across the Universe
Authors: Wheeler Steven
Published: April 2021

The recent detection of gravitational waves by LIGO made news worldwide. Steven Wheeler details the impressive technological achievement, looks back at the fascinating and contentious history of LIGO and its funding, and considers the future of gravitational astronomy.
Good God!
Authors: Barnes Luke
Published: April 2021

Even an atheist has to believe something. Luke Barnes reviews Sean Carroll’s The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning, and the Universe Itself, in which Carroll attempts to construct an atheistic worldview called poetic naturalism.
Super-Saturated Chemistry
Authors: Henry Marc
Published: April 2021

Is chemistry soluble in physics? Any reaction involves the movement of atoms or groups of atoms. Yet quantum mechanics cannot explain the periodic table, or other empirically-determined facts. Marc Henry argues that physics, for all its ambitions, will never be able to explain chemistry.
La Révolte du Roi
Authors: Lepage Henri
Published: April 2021

La doctrine économique conventionnelle peut constituer, en soi, un obstacle à la normalité économique. Économiste Henri Lepage critique The End of Alchemy: Money, Banking, and the Future of the Global Economy de Mervyn King.
Successful Science
Authors: Salmon Merrilee
Published: April 2021

Some would say that knowledge gained through use of the scientific method has a unique claim to truth and that science is the only path to real knowledge. Others might disagree. Merrilee Salmon reviews Scientism: The New Orthodoxy, edited by Richard Williams and Daniel Robinson.
The Dark Side
Authors: Kleitman Daniel
Published: April 2021

Why would a dark-matter alien being wish to plant life on our planet? A brief consideration of Caleb Scharf’s Nautilus article “Is Physical Law an Alien Intelligence?” by mathematician Daniel Kleitman.
Memaknai Nama sebagai Proses Pendidikan Kristiani dalam Keluarga Karo
Authors: Kaban Sri Rejeki Ulina , Hattu Justitia Vox Dei
Published: April 2021

Nama merupakan bagian penting dalam kehidupan manusia baik secara personal maupun komunal, termasuk bagi masyarakat Karo. Pemberian nama dalam masyarakat Karo dilatarbelakangi oleh harapan atau kenangan tentang suatu peristiwa yang berkaitan dengan kelahiran. Melalui nama yang diberikan, seseorang diharapkan menjadi pribadi yang mencapai nilai-nilai, cita-cita, atau doa yang menjadi makna nama tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggali makna nama sebagai sebuah model pendidikan Kristiani di tengah keluarga Karo. Proses memaknai nama dapat dikembangkan sebagai model pengajaran untuk mewariskan iman, khususnya dalam keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosio-budaya terhadap makna nama dalam masyarakat Karo tradisional. Untuk memaknai nama sebagai sebuah proses berefleksi teologis, penulis mempertimbangkan tiga elemen yang dikemukakan Jack L. Seymour, Margaret Ann Crain, dan Joseph Crockett, yaitu mempertimbangkan (considering), menggali (exploring), dan mencermati (discerning). Berdasarkan ketiga elemen tersebut, penulis mengusulkan tiga unsur yang dapat dikembangkan untuk membangun kesadaran tentang identitas diri melalui sebuah nama, yaitu narasi, rasa, dan komitmen.
Conditionally Specified Bivariate Kummer-Gamma Distribution
Authors: Nagar Daya K. , Zarrazola Edwin , Roldán-Correa Alejandro
Published: April 2021

The Kummer-gamma distribution is an extension of gamma distribution and for certain values of parameters slides to a bimodal distribution. In this article, we introduce a bivariate distribution with Kummer-gamma conditionals and call it the conditionally specified bivariate Kummer-gamma distribution/bivariate Kummer-gamma conditionals distribution. Various representations are derived for its product moments, marginal densities, marginal moments, conditional densities, and conditional moments. We also discuss several important properties including, entropies, distributions of sum, and quotient. Most of these representations involve special functions such as the Gauss and the confluent hypergeometric functions. The bivariate Kummer-gamma conditionals distribution studied in this article may serve as an alternative to many existing bivariate models with support on (0, ∞) × (0, ∞).
A KAHLER MANIFOLD ADMITTING SEMI-SYMMETRIC METRIC CONNECTION A.
Authors: Srivastava K. , Kankarej M. M. , Srivastava S. K.
Published: April 2021

In present paper we study the properties of Kahler manifold satisfying the semi - symmetric metric connection. Symmetric and skew-symmetric conditions for Nijenhuis tensor of the connection in Kahler manifold has been discussed. The paper also includes some properties of contravariant almost analytic vector field in a Kahler manifold.
BUFFON’S COIN AND NEEDLE PROBLEMS FOR THE SNUB HEXAGONAL TILING
Authors: Vassallo Salvatore
Published: April 2021

In this paper we consider the snub hexagonal tiling of the plane ($(3^4, 6)$ Archimedean tiling) and compute the probability that a random circle or a random segment intersects a side of the tiling.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSUMER DOUBT AND VALUE FOR MONEY ON PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Hareka Janice Ardelia , Wahyudi Alexander
Published: April 2021

This research is done to find out the relationship between consumer doubt and value for money on purchase intention. This research uses quantitative method by collecting data through questionnaires of 30 respondents, sample is done by purposive random sampling method. In this research, analysis of relationship was done between consumer doubt, and value for money on purchase intention to find out which variables affects purchase intention. What distinguishes this research from other researches is that there is a new product that has been owned yet by the more well-known brand of smartphones, namely the existence of the back screen that is used to take self- photographs by using the rear camera. Hypothesis is done to produces calculation statistics that the factor of purchase intention, that is consumer doubt affecting negatively on purchase intention, and value for money affecting positively on purchase intention.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOFT SKILLS AND HARD SKILLS FOR CLEANING STAFF: STUDY ON CLEANLINESS OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN SURABAYA
Authors: Soetedja Venny
Published: April 2021

Improving hard skills and soft skills can be done through appropriate and well-scheduled training. So, the purpose of this study is to look at differences in increasing the competence of hard skills and soft skills in cleaning staff at private universities through learning control classes and experimental classes. The method used is a quasi-experimental design with the Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. Respondents in this study were 50 cleaning staff of a private university in Surabaya, Indonesia. The results showed that the achievement of the experimental class assessment is significantly different compared to the achievement of the control class assessment regarding soft skills and hard skills.
The Effect of Product Innovation on Interest with Satisfaction as Mediation
Authors: Setiobudi Auditia
Published: April 2021

In the future, the food and beverage industry is very promising for industry players due to the trend growth of the food and beverage industry in Indonesia. The food and beverage business is starting to grow rapidly in Indonesia so that it attracts many people to innovate. One form of innovation is the frozen food industry. This study aims to determine the effect of product innovation on repurchase interest by looking at consumer satisfaction as a mediating effect on the frozen food industry. The population in this study were 147 people who were frozen food consumers. Sei. By using a purposive sampling approach and using the Slovin formula, it was determined that the number of samples in this study were 108 respondents. The results of this study indicate that product innovation has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Product innovation and customer satisfaction have a significant effect on repurchase interest. Consumer satisfaction can mediate the effect of product innovation on consumer repurchase interest.

Keywords: Product Innovation; Consumer Satisfaction; Repurchase Interest; Mediation; frozen food.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Cinsel Mitlere Bakış Açısı ve İlişkili Faktörler
Authors: ÖRÜKLÜ Canan , DAĞCI Destina Gizem , ÇAKMAK Sultan
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Sağlık Bilimleri Yüksekokulunda okuyan öğrencilerin cinsel mitler ile ilgili düşüncelerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışma bir vakıf üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 325 öğrenci ile yüz yüze görüşerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri “Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Cinsel Mitler Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U Testi, Kruskal-Wallis Testi ve Spearman rho korelasyon testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %69,5’inin kadın ve %97,5’inin bekâr olduğu, %69,8’inin şehirde yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Ailesi Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yaşayan öğrencilerin cinsel yönelim ve mastürbasyon alt boyut puan ortalamaları anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Erkeklerin cinsel yönelim, toplumsal cinsiyet, yaş ve cinsellik, cinsel davranış, cinsel ilişki, cinsel memnuniyet alt boyut puan ortalamaları ve toplam cinsel mitler puanı kadınlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyim yaşanmasını uygun bulmayan öğrencilerin cinsel yönelim, mastürbasyon ve cinsel şiddet alt boyut puan ortalamaları ve toplam cinsel mitler puan ortalamaları evlilik öncesi cinsel deneyimi uygun bulan öğrencilere göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Erkeklerin cinsel mitlere inanma düzeyi kadınlardan fazladır. Bireyin ailesinin yaşadığı coğrafi bölge cinsel mitlere inanma durumunu etkilemektedir. Cinsel bilgilerin topluma doğru aktarılması amacıyla düzenlenen cinsel sağlık eğitimleri planlanırken kültürel ve coğrafi farklılıklar göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Yara İyileştirme Özellikli Polimerlerin Yara Örtülerinde Kullanımı
Authors: UNER BAHAR Duygu
Published: April 2021

Yara, vücutta bir dış etki ile oluşan, doku yapı ve bütünlüğünü bozan her türlü lezyondur. Yara tedavisinde uygulanacak yöntemin etkinliği, yara tipine uygun olarak seçilmesine bağlıdır. Doğru yöntem, doğru materyal ve yara örtüsü uygulama süresi seçimi yara iyileşmesi için kritik parametrelerdir. Bu makalede yara örtülerinde kullanılan iyileştirme özellikli polimerler doğal ve sentetik polimerler olmak üzere iki ana başlık altında toplanarak incelenmiştir.
Hasta Ailesinin, Nöroloji Yoğun Bakım Hemşireleriyle İletişiminin Araştırılması
Authors: BAYKAL Dilek , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Aysel , ÖZTÜRK ERDEN Sevda
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Nörolojik hastalıklar akut ve progresif seyir göstermesiyle kronik dönemde en fazla yoğun bakıma ihtiyaç duyulan hastalıklardandır. Yoğun bakımda çalışan hemşireler hastayla olduğu kadar hasta ailesiyle de iletişim kurarlar. Özellikle yoğun bakımlarda hastada gelişen ani değişiklikler hasta yakınına yansıyabilmekte ve hemşirelerle iletişimlerinde sorunlar yaşanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada nöroloji yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan hemşirelerin hasta ailesiyle iletişimleri ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya en az altı aydır yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan ve çalışmanın amacı açıklandıktan sonra çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 10 nöroloji yoğun bakım ünitesi hemşiresi dâhil edildi. Hemşirelerle önceden telefonla görüşülerek randevu alındı. Literatürden yararlanılarak oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla görüşmeler gerçekleştirildi. Görüşmelerin gerçekleştirilmesi esnasında katılımcıların onamı alınarak sesli kayıt alındı, bire-bir dökümleri gerçekleştirildi. Görüşmelerin analizinde tematik analiz kullanıldı.Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaşları ortalama 37,3±4,5 ve çalışma süreleri 13,6±8,92 yıldır. Sekiz hemşire mesleğini kendi isteğiyle seçtiğini belirtirken, bir hemşire de yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışmayı kendisinin tercih ettiğini belirtti. Katılımcıların hasta yakınlarıyla iletişim problemi yaşadıklarında günlük yaşamlarının ve özel hayatlarının olumsuz etkilendiği anlaşıldı. Ayrıca katılımcılar hasta yakınlarının kendilerine davranışlarını “saygısızca” ve “empati yoksunu” olarak tanımladılar. Son olarak yoğun bakım ve hastane koşullarının da hasta yakınlarıyla iletişim problemi yaşamalarına katkıda bulunduğu anlaşılmaktadır.Sonuç: Genel olarak hemşirelerin hasta yakınlarının iletişim kurma şeklinden hoşnut olmadığı, hasta yakınlarının olumsuz davranışlarının iş motivasyonlarını azalttığı ve hasta yakınlarından saygı bekledikleri anlaşıldı. Hemşirelerin gözüyle hasta yakınlarının iletişim kurma biçimlerinin anlaşılması toplum sağlığına önemli katkı sağlayan hemşirelerin yaşadıklarına bakış sağlayacaktır.
Ungkapan Makna Yang Sulung Dalam Kolose 1:15 Sebagai Tanggapan Terhadap Pemahaman Kristologi Saksi Yehuwa
Authors: Timisela Jacob
Published: April 2021

From the mid-19th century until now Christians are confused and troubled by the movements and teachings of the Witnesses who have undermined the Superiority of Christ. In particular when they interpret the word prototokos in Colossians 1:15 which is very different, even contrary to Christian understanding and beliefs in general. The results of this study found that there are differences in the basic and background interpretations used by Jehovah's Witnesses with the basis and background for the interpretation of Christians in general of the word prōtotokos in Colossians 1:15. Jehovah's Witnesses use the word qanah (קנח) from Proverbs 8: 22,25 as the basis and background for the interpretation of the word prōtotokos in Colossians 1:15.
Pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa SMP di Balikpapan
Authors: Susilo Ganjar , Pertiwi Andi Bunga Wali Sari
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 9 Balikpapan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik random sampling dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar matematika dan kuesioner kemandirian belajar.  Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, normalitas, linieritas, dan heteroskedastisitas, selanjutnya di uji hipotesis penelitian dengan menggunakan uji t. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji t diperoleh nilai Sig. diperoleh 0,000 < nilai taraf signifikan (α) yaitu 0,05 sehingga dapat diketahui terdapat pengaruh kemandirian belajar matematika terhadap hasil belajar matematika kelas VII SMP Negeri 9 Balikpapan, dengan pengaruhnya sebesar  76,8% yang ditunjukkan dari perhitungan koefisien determinasi (R2), dan sisanya sebesar 23,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel-variabel lainnya.
Weed Species Composition of Agrophytocenoses in Altai Krai
Authors: Terekhina Tatiana A. , Nochevnaya Alyona V. , Ovcharova Natalia V. , Lapshina Irina A.
Published: April 2021

The article reviews the weed species composition of oat, sunflower, wheat, buckwheat, rapeseed and flax agrophytocenoses on 390 fields in 21 districts of Altai Krai: Aleyskiy, Bistroistokskiy, Baevskiy, Burlinskiy, Kamenskiy, Kosikhinskiy, Krutikhinskiy, Kytmanovskiy, Loktevskiy, Mamontovskiy, Novichikhinskiy, Pankrushikhinskiy, Rebrikhinskiy, Rubtsovskiy, Shipunovskiy, Sovetskiy, Tretyakovskiy, Troitskiy, Tyumentsevskiy, Zarinskiy, and Zonalniy. The studied fields were surveyed by the route method, which involved the study of the plot by examining it along two diagonals and four sides, when the area did not exceed 20.0 hectares. Larger fields were divided into plots of 20.0 hectares before the survey. The areas adjacent to roads were examined most carefully, since it is often from the road that the field becomes infested. We used the ArcGis program to compile original maps for the main weed plant species. It was found that out of 45 species encountered, only 10 play a significant role in weed infestation and have a high frequency rate: aboriginal Convolvulus arvensis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Euphorbia virgata, Lathyrus tuberosus, Chenopodium album, as well as such adventive species as Fallopia convolvulus, Setaria pumila, Panicum miliaceum subsp. ruderale, Avena fatua and Echinochloa crusgalli. The largest number of species accounts for the Poaceae family (33.3%). The Brassicaceae family is characterized by a slightly lower percentage of participation in the adventitious flora (27.7%). Other families are not so well represented (by 1-2 species each).