bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategic Ways to Modernize the Old Industrial Regions of Ukraine from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Liashenko V. , Petrova I. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The article defines the sustainable development of the old industrial regions of Ukraine (Slobozhanskiy, Prydniprovskiy, Donetsk Economic Area) using the methodology for determining the criteria and quantifying the processes and stages of their industrial, post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization. In the course of the study, a methodological toolkit was used to assess the level and conditions of industrial, post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization of the economy based on taking into account the quantitative parameters of the ecological, economic and social components of sustainable development. The results of assessing the stages of modernization of the regions of Ukraine in 2005-2019. confirmed the industrial development of Donetsk (Donetsk and Lugansk regions) and Prydniprovskiy (Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia and Kirovograd regions) Economic Area. According to the results of the assessment of post-industrial modernization, the Slobozhanskiy Economic Area (Poltava, Sumy and Kharkiv regions) received the highest index. This region is the undisputed leader in terms of indicators reflecting innovation in knowledge and knowledge transfer (the difference is tens of points in comparison with the corresponding indices of other regions). Assessment of the stage of neo-industrial modernization showed the existence of a negative trend that has developed in all economic regions – a steady decrease in funding for innovations in knowledge. As a result, the overall index of knowledge indicator groups showed no signs of growth, and even decreased in some areas. The Slobozhanskiy Economic Area became an optimistic exception. The development and implementation of a methodology for assessing modernization processes will increase the efficiency of management decision-making by state authorities, improve the quality of strategies and targeted comprehensive programs for socio-economic development. To ensure post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization of the economy based on sustainable development in the conditions of insufficient efficiency and effectiveness of the traditional instruments of state policy, it is necessary to form institutions of regional development. Analyzed the current state of the presence of regional development institutions in the areas of activity. It was determined that the institutional structure is heterogeneous, the regions are different in the quality of labor and natural resources, which actually determines the specialization of the regional economy, therefore, for them it is necessary to use differentiated support measures from the development institutions.
Conceptual Provisions on the Directions of Cost Optimization of Energy Industry Enterprises
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Reznikov R.
Published: December 2021

Conceptual provisions on the directions of cost optimization of energy industry enterprises on the basis of system, information and project approaches are proposed, which provide for the implementation of procedures for diagnosis and optimization of suboptimal costs and control of the implementation of relevant projects. Diagnosis of suboptimal costs of energy companies is proposed to be carried out using a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of suboptimal costs based on a combination of information-logical, descriptive-analytical and economic-mathematical models of enterprise analysis, as well as full analysis (vertical and horizontal) of financial statements including P&L, analysis of Cash Flow and financial balance of the enterprise. Applying the appropriate approach allows you to identify the costs that the company can optimize without affecting the quality of electricity and without violating other aspects of the company, which frees up the company to upgrade equipment, additional logistics, reduce electricity costs and implement other projects in within the portfolio. To optimize the costs of energy companies, an appropriate project-oriented approach is proposed, which is based on the use of the method of forming a portfolio of optimization projects using a combination of WSJF model and 6 sigma matrix. The uniqueness of the approach lies in the synergy of the proposed tools and methods and their implementation for energy companies. The proposed approach allows to form a portfolio of interconnected projects, which allows to achieve better financial results through synergies between projects and saves energy companies through more efficient use of its financial resources. Implementation of conceptual provisions on the areas of cost optimization of energy companies allows to reduce the cost of electricity, losses of enterprises and increase their profitability by reinvesting savings in cost optimization projects. Optimization is achieved by diagnosing those costs that can be reduced without affecting quality and in which it makes sense to invest from an economic point of view.
The effects of animal-assisted interactions on quality of life in children with life-threatening conditions and their parents
Authors: Walker Haley , Brisman Rebecca , Miller Mary Chapman , Cowfer Brittany , Akard Terrah , Gilmer Mary Jo
Published: December 2021

Background:

Children with advanced cancer and their primary caregivers may experience severe stress and anxiety in coping with their life-threatening condition. As a way to help reduce these stressors and increase overall quality of life, research suggests that animal-assisted interactions may be beneficial when integrated into palliative care.

Aims:

This pilot study aims to provide evidence for the feasibility and efficacy of a randomised clinical trial using animal-assisted interactions to help improve the quality of life for children with an advanced life-threatening condition and their primary caregivers. This protocol paper outlines the basis of the research, goals, experimental design and methodology.
Development of a low-cost electromechanical penetrometer to verify resistance to soil penetration
Authors: Marques Filho Aldir Carpes , Rauen Lucas , Lanças Kléber Pereira
Published: December 2021

Soil compaction is one of the great obstacles in modern agriculture. With the increase in size, weight and intensity of use of machines in crops in recent decades, the soil has suffered damage to its structure, compromising the productivity of vegetable crops. One of the ways to indirectly obtain the compaction state of the soil is through the resistance to penetration imposed by it on a standardized metal rod. Invariably, commercial equipment for this purpose is expensive. The objective of this study was to develop a low-cost system for evaluating the resistance to soil penetration, using a prototyping platform and specific sensors. The developed equipment, when compared with a calibrated standard equipment, presented a high correlation in the results of resistance to penetration in two soil conditions. The development cost of the proposed equipment was 800% lower than the average value of commercial equipment available on the market, so the measurements met the purpose of the project, showing the possibility of developing low-cost solutions through prototyping platforms, for the assessment of resistance to soil penetration.
Characterization of the soil compaction based on the mapping of the apparent electrical conductivity
Authors: Bottega Eduardo Leonel , Sari Eder Luís , Oliveira Zanandra Boff de , Knies Alberto Eduardo
Published: December 2021

Based on the measurement of soil penetration resistance (PR), it is possible to identify compacted soil layers, where root growth may be harmed, affecting crop development and yield. The objective of this work was to analyze the use of management zones (MZ), delimited on the basis of mapping of the spatial variability of the soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), in the differentiation of soil compaction levels. The work was carried out in a 25.8-ha no-tillage area, cultivated under a center pivot. The ECa was measured under two soil moisture conditions (13.7 and 16.45%), using the Terram® equipment. Soil penetration resistance (PR) was measured using the SoloStar PLG5500 penetrograph. Based on the spatial variability ECa mapping, management zones (2, 3, and 4 zones) were delimited. The mean PR values ??of each MZ were compared by the t-test of means. It was possible to differentiate mean values ??of penetration resistance (PR), which vary from 0.9 to 2.10 MPa, from the characterization of management classes generated on the basis of the ECa spatial variability. The highest stratification of PR values ??was obtained as a function of sampling directed at delimited management zones when the soil had lower moisture content (13.7%). The highest mean PR values ??were obtained for the split of the ECa map into at least three classes. It was identified that for the study area there is no need to perform any mechanical decompaction operation.
Random depolarization film design for real-color displays
Authors: Sasaki Shizuki , Udono Mariko , Koike Yasuhiro
Published: December 2021

Liquid crystal displays and organic light-emitting diode displays emit polarized light through polarizers and quarter-wave plates, which cause blackout and color change problems when the displays are viewed through polarizers, such as polarized sunglasses. Random depolarization films (RDFs) are polymer films doped with calcite particles, which randomize the polarization of light emitted from displays to resolve polarization problems. To realize displays without any color change, we investigate the retardation values and fabrication conditions required for RDFs. Analysis of the transmittance spectra and interference colors of different RDFs suggested that retardation values of approximately 600–1200 nm are sufficient to realize real-color displays. In addition, the color change measurements of displays with the RDFs revealed that an optimal dopant particle size exists and that the RDFs doped with 3.6 and 7.3 µm calcite particles achieved chromaticity changes of less than 0.02 for all 24 colors in the Macbeth chart.
A spatio-temporal model to reveal oscillator phenotypes in molecular clocks: Parameter estimation elucidates circadian gene transcription dynamics in single-cells
Authors: Unosson Måns , Brancaccio Marco , Hastings Michael , Johansen Adam M. , Finkenstädt Bärbel
Published: December 2021

We propose a stochastic distributed delay model together with a Markov random field prior and a measurement model for bioluminescence-reporting to analyse spatio-temporal gene expression in intact networks of cells. The model describes the oscillating time evolution of molecular mRNA counts through a negative transcriptional-translational feedback loop encoded in a chemical Langevin equation with a probabilistic delay distribution. The model is extended spatially by means of a multiplicative random effects model with a first order Markov random field prior distribution. Our methodology effectively separates intrinsic molecular noise, measurement noise, and extrinsic noise and phenotypic variation driving cell heterogeneity, while being amenable to parameter identification and inference. Based on the single-cell model we propose a novel computational stability analysis that allows us to infer two key characteristics, namely the robustness of the oscillations, i.e. whether the reaction network exhibits sustained or damped oscillations, and the profile of the regulation, i.e. whether the inhibition occurs over time in a more distributed versus a more direct manner, which affects the cells’ ability to phase-shift to new schedules. We show how insight into the spatio-temporal characteristics of the circadian feedback loop in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) can be gained by applying the methodology to bioluminescence-reported expression of the circadian core clock geneCry1across mouse SCN tissue. We find that while (almost) all SCN neurons exhibit robust cell-autonomous oscillations, the parameters that are associated with the regulatory transcription profile give rise to a spatial division of the tissue between the central region whose oscillations are resilient to perturbation in the sense that they maintain a high degree of synchronicity, and the dorsal region which appears to phase shift in a more diversified way as a response to large perturbations and thus could be more amenable to entrainment.
Insights from a comprehensive study of Trypanosoma cruzi: A new mitochondrial clade restricted to North and Central America and genetic structure of TcI in the region
Authors: Lima-Cordón Raquel Asunción , Cahan Sara Helms , McCann Cai , Dorn Patricia L. , Justi Silvia Andrade , Rodas Antonieta , Monroy María Carlota , Stevens Lori
Published: December 2021

More than 100 years since the first description of Chagas Disease and with over 29,000 new cases annually due to vector transmission (in 2010), American Trypanosomiasis remains a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). This study presents the most comprehensive Trypanosoma cruzi sampling in terms of geographic locations and triatomine species analyzed to date and includes both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This addresses the gap of information from North and Central America. We incorporate new and previously published DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, Cytochrome oxidase II (COII) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1). These T. cruzi samples were collected over a broad geographic range including 111 parasite DNA samples extracted from triatomines newly collected across North and Central America, all of which were infected with T. cruzi in their natural environment. In addition, we present parasite reduced representation (Restriction site Associated DNA markers, RAD-tag) genomic nuclear data combined with the mitochondrial gene sequences for a subset of the triatomines (27 specimens) collected from Guatemala and El Salvador. Our mitochondrial phylogenetic reconstruction revealed two of the major mitochondrial lineages circulating across North and Central America, as well as the first ever mitochondrial data for TcBat from a triatomine collected in Central America. Our data also show that within mtTcIII, North and Central America represent an independent, distinct clade from South America, named here as mtTcIIINA-CA, geographically restricted to North and Central America. Lastly, the most frequent lineage detected across North and Central America, mtTcI, was also an independent, distinct clade from South America, noted as mtTcINA-CA. Furthermore, nuclear genome data based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) showed genetic structure of lineage TcI from specimens collected in Guatemala and El Salvador supporting the hypothesis that genetic diversity at a local scale has a geographical component. Our multiscale analysis contributes to the understanding of the independent and distinct evolution of T. cruzi lineages in North and Central America regions.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and retrospective mortality in a refugee camp, Dagahaley, Kenya
Authors: Gignoux Etienne , Athanassiadis Frida , Garat Yarrow Ahmed , Jimale Abdullahi , Mubuto Nicole , Déglise Carole , Onsongo Mosoti Denis , Azman Andrew S. , Mwau Matilu , Luquero Francisco , Ciglenecki Iza
Published: December 2021

Background

Camps of forcibly displaced populations are considered to be at risk of large COVID-19 outbreaks. Low screening rates and limited surveillance led us to conduct a study in Dagahaley camp, located in the Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya to estimate SARS-COV-2 seroprevalence and, mortality and to identify changes in access to care during the pandemic.

Methods

To estimate seroprevalence, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among a sample of individuals (n = 587) seeking care at the two main health centres and among all household members (n = 619) of community health workers and traditional birth attendants working in the camp. A rapid immunologic assay was used (BIOSYNEX® COVID‐19 BSS [IgG/IgM]) and adjusted for test performance and mismatch between the sampled population and that of the general camp population. To estimate mortality, all households (n = 12860) were exhaustively interviewed in the camp about deaths occurring from January 2019 through March 2021.

Results

In total 1206 participants were included in the seroprevalence study, 8% (95% CI: 6.6%-9.7%) had a positive serologic test. After adjusting for test performance and standardizing on age, a seroprevalence of 5.8% was estimated (95% CI: 1.6%-8.4%). The mortality rate for 10,000 persons per day was 0.05 (95% CI 0.05–0.06) prior to the pandemic and 0.07 (95% CI 0.06–0.08) during the pandemic, representing a significant 42% increase (p<0.001). Médecins Sans Frontières health centre consultations and hospital admissions decreased by 38% and 37% respectively.

Conclusion

The number of infected people was estimated 67 times higher than the number of reported cases. Participants aged 50 years or more were among the most affected. The mortality survey shows an increase in the mortality rate during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. A decline in attendance at health facilities was observed and sustained despite the easing of restrictions.
Factors of parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A cross sectional study in Japan
Authors: Horiuchi Sayaka , Sakamoto Haruka , Abe Sarah K. , Shinohara Ryoji , Kushima Megumi , Otawa Sanae , Yui Hideki , Akiyama Yuka , Ooka Tadao , Kojima Reiji , Yokomichi Hiroshi , Miyake Kunio , Mizutani Takashi , Yamagata Zentaro
Published: December 2021

The eligibility of COVID-19 vaccines has been expanded to children aged 12 and above in several countries including Japan, and there is a plan to further lower the age. This study aimed to assess factors related to parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A nationwide internet-based cross-sectional study was conducted between May 25 and June 3, 2021 in Japan. The target population was parents of children aged 3–14 years who resided in Japan, and agreed to answer the online questionnaire. Parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (their intention to vaccinate their child) and related factors were analyzed using logistic regression models. Interaction effects of gender of parents and their level of social relationship satisfaction related to parental vaccine hesitancy was tested using log likelihood ratio test (LRT). Social media as the most trusted information source increased parental vaccine hesitancy compared to those who trusted official information (Adjusted Odds Ratio: aOR 2.80, 95% CI 1.53–5.12). Being a mother and low perceived risk of infection also increased parental vaccine hesitancy compared to father (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.57–3.74) and those with higher perceived risk of infection (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.04–2.32) respectively. People with lower satisfaction to social relationships tended to be more hesitant to vaccinate their child among mothers in contrast to fathers who showed constant intention to vaccinate their child regardless of the level of satisfaction to social relationship (LRT p = 0.021). Our findings suggest that dissemination of targeted information about COVID-19 vaccine by considering means of communication, gender and people who are isolated during measures of social distancing may help to increase parental vaccine acceptance.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Ethiopian healthcare workers
Authors: Mohammed Rihanna , Nguse Teklehaimanot Mezgebe , Habte Bruck Messele , Fentie Atalay Mulu , Gebretekle Gebremedhin Beedemariam
Published: December 2021

Introduction

COVID-19 poses significant health and economic threat prompting international firms to rapidly develop vaccines and secure quick regulatory approval. Although COVID-19 vaccination priority is given for high-risk individuals including healthcare workers (HCWs), the success of the immunization efforts hinges on peoples’ willingness to embrace these vaccines.

Objective

This study aimed to assess HCWs intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and the reasons underlying vaccine hesitancy.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March to July 2021. Data were collected from eligible participants from 18 health facilities using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression was performed to explore factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

A total of 614 HCWs participated in the study, with a mean age of 30.57±6.87 years. Nearly two-thirds (60.3%) of HCWs were hesitant to use the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants under the age of 30 years were approximately five times more likely to be hesitant to be vaccinated compared to those over the age of 40 years. HCWs other than medical doctors and/or nurses (AOR = 2.1; 95%CI; 1.1, 3.8) were more likely to be hesitant for COVID-19 vaccine. Lack of believe in COVID-19 vaccine benefits (AOR = 2.5; 95%CI; 1.3, 4.6), lack of trust in the government (AOR = 1.9; 95%CI; 1.3, 3.1), lack of trust science to produce safe and effective vaccines (AOR = 2.6; 95%CI; 1.6, 4.2); and concern about vaccine safety (AOR = 3.2; 95%CI; 1.9, 5.4) were also found to be predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

Conclusion

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy showed to be high among HCWs. All concerned bodies including the ministry, regional health authorities, health institutions, and HCWs themselves should work together to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake and overcome the pandemic.
Staphylococcus aureus in poultry, with special emphasis on methicillin-resistant strain infection: A comprehensive review from one health perspective
Authors: Abd El-Ghany Wafaa A.
Published: December 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus normally present on the skin and internal organs of animals, birds, and humans. Under certain conditions, S. aureus could produce septicemia and affection of the skin, joints, and heart, as well as sepsis and death. The pathogenicity of S. aureus is associated with the presence of some virulent surface proteins and the production of some virulent toxins and enzymes. This pathogen is considered one of the most important and worldwide foodborne causes as it is incriminated in most cases of food poisoning. The hazardous use of antibiotics in the veterinary field leads to the development of multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains that can be transmitted to humans. The incidence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains has increased globally. These resistant strains have been detected in live animals, poultry, and humans. In addition, retail animal products, especially those of avian origin, are considered the main source of MRSA strains that can be easily transmitted to humans. MRSA infection is regarded as nosocomial or occupational. Humans get infected with MRSA strains through improper handling or preparation of contaminated animals or poultry carcasses or improper cooking with contaminated meat. Live birds also can transmit MRSA to close-contact workers in poultry farms. Transmission of MRSA infection in hospitals is from an infected individual to a healthy one. Prevention and control of MRSA are based on the application of hygienic measures in farms as well as proper processing, handling, and cooking of retail poultry products. The cooperation between veterinary and human practitioners is a must to avoid the possibility of zoonotic transmission. Accordingly, this review focused on the sources and transmission of MRSA infection, virulence and resistance factors, incidence and prevalence in poultry and different products, antibiotic resistance, and prevention and control strategies.
Morphological evaluation of temporo-mandibular joint in indian population
Authors: Rawlani Shivlal , Bhowate Rahul , Kashikar Shivali , Khubchandani Monika , Rawlani Sudhir , Chandak Rakhi
Published: December 2021

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is one of the most complex joints in the body and its harmonious functioning is very important to maintain a normal masticatory system. The morphologic alterations and the asymmetrical position of the TMJ structures may lead the various clinicalsigns & symptoms. Morphology of the temporomandibular joint may be influenced by gender of patients, environmental factor and also food habits at various places. Objective: To evaluate the morphology of the temporomandibular joint using computed tomography, in order to determine the condyle shape, joint space and glenoid fossa roof thickness. Material and Methods: One hundred and six healthy patients (212 TMJs) who visited a private hospital (or the University’s Hospital) for CT brain scan were included to this cross-sectional study sample.The patients were aged between 20–50 years with an average age of 35.46 years. All the images were taken by positioning patients in supine position with 120kvp , 50ma,2.33minute exposure with 0.7mm thick slicesby computed topography machine in all three projection that is Axial, Coronal and Saggital view. Results: For all variables, the mean and standard deviation were calculated, based on gender, and TMJ sides. The Paired t-test was used and P<0.05 will be considered to be significant. Conclusion: Present study showed that thereis positive evidence of temporomandibular joint involvement in elderly patients. Change in morphology and position of condylar head with glenoid fossa and roof thickness are one of the most common cause of degenerative diseases.KeywordsTemporomandibular joint; Morphology; Condyle; Joint space.KeywordsTemporomandibular joint; Morphology; Condyle; Joint space
Amantadine resistance of clade 2.3.2 H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus from Waterfowl in Indonesia
Authors: Hewajuli Dyah Ayu , Dharmayanti NLP Indi , Wibawan I Wayan Teguh
Published: December 2021

The objective of this research was to know the sensitivity of H5N1 clade 2.3.2 AIV from Indonesia to antiviral drug (amantadine) through molecular and in vitro tests. The study was conducted by virus isolation and identification, nucleotide analysis, and susceptibility to the amantadine hydrocloride in MDCK cells. The study result represented that the mean EID50 isolates of H5N1 clade 2.3.2 AIV was determined of >108 EID50/ml. The analysis of phylogenetic tree of M2 gene from six viruses of H5N1 clade 2.3.2 AIV from Indonesia were closed with H5N1 clade 2.3.2 AIV avian influenza viruses from Vietnam, China, Hongkong. The substitution of M2 protein (V27I) was identified in six isolates H5N1 clade 2.3.2 AIV isolated from Indonesia. Avian influenza of clade 2.3.2 H5N1 subtype from Indonesia produced the formation of CPE and the positive HA reaction with non-toxic concentration of amantadine hydrochloride in MDCK cells. The result of genetic analysis of M2 gene for amantadine resistance was related with the results of HA test and the formation of CPE in MDCK cells. These results established that amantadine resistance have been identified in H5N1 clade 2.3.2 AIV viruses isolated from Indonesia
Effect of Protection of Soybean Meal Using Mahogany Leaf Extract in Ruminant Diet on Rumen Fermentation Products
Authors: Ifani Merryafinola , Rimbawanto Efka Aris , Suhartati Fransisca Maria
Published: December 2021

The study was aimed to examine effect of protecting soybean meal using mahogany leaf extract on rumen fermentation products in vitro. The material used was cow rumen fluid, basal ration consisting of concentrate and elephant grass with a ratio of 60:40%, and mahogany leaves. The research was carried out in three stages: mahogany extraction, protein protection using mahogany extract, and in vitro stages. The test was conducted in vitro based on a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments consisted of 4 kinds of soybean meal protection with 0% tannin concentration (T0); 1.5% (T1); 3% (T2); and 4.5% (T3). Data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and tested using orthogonal polynomials. Results showed that  addition of protected soybean meal with mahogany leaf extract had a cubical effect on partial VFA, methane gas and post-rumen dissolved protein, a quadratic effect on protozoa, and a linear effecton N-NH3, SPM, and RUDP. Giving extra mahogany leaves at a level of 1.5% produced a fermented product that was not different from the control while giving a level of 3% got the highest fermentation product. Giving mahogany leaf extract at a level of 4.5% resulted in the highest SPM, and RUDP but there was a decrease in soluble protein, which indicated the occurrence of overprotection. The addition of 3% mahogany leaf extract effectively increased rumen fermentation products, RUDP, and soluble protein without disturbing the activity of rumen bacteria.
The Cartography of Virtual Empires
Authors: Mukherjee Souvik
Published: December 2021

The Cartography of Virtual Empires: Video Game Maps, Paratexts and Colonialism», Souvik Mukherjee focuses on the persistence of colonial practices of space division and domination even in games that are not about the colonial past or take decidedly postcolonial perspectives. In analyzing, on the one hand, blanks and gaps in the maps, and on the other hand, the disregard of indigenous knowledge that could fill these gaps, he demonstrates «how map-interfaces may play a crucial part in the game's perpetuation of colonial ideas of power.
Freie Zeit
Authors: Ritschel Gregor
Published: December 2021

»Das Reich der Freiheit beginnt in der That erst da, wo das Arbeiten, das durch Noth und äußere Zweckmäßigkeit bestimmt ist, aufhört« - so einst Karl Marx. Und heute? Trotz weitgehender Automatisierung bleibt die Norm der Vollzeitarbeit bestehen. Das Motto »Sozial ist, was Arbeit schafft« wird von fast allen politischen Akteuren getragen. Zugleich wird die bisherige Form der Vollzeitarbeitsgesellschaft in vielen Momenten brüchiger und ungleicher: Pflegekrise, Gender-Pay-Gap, prekäre Jobs oder unregulierte Crowdwork auf digitalen Plattformen offenbaren nur einige der vielfältigen Bruchlinien. Mit Blick auf die politische Ideengeschichte der freien Zeit und die aktuellen Debatten um Automatisierung und Digitalisierung entwirft Gregor Ritschel ein Plädoyer für den schrittweisen Ausgang aus der bisherigen Arbeits- in eine »Multiaktivitätsgesellschaft« (André Gorz). Er zeigt: Eine Verkürzung der Arbeitszeit kann uns eine sozialere, kreativere und auch umweltschonendere Welt ermöglichen.
Mnemotopie im mexikanischen Film
Authors: Gordon Sergej
Published: December 2021

Im postrevolutionären Mexiko der 1930er Jahre war das Bedürfnis nach stabiler historischer Selbstverständigung groß und konnte vor allem durch das aufblühende Medium des Films weitläufig gestillt werden. Als besonders geeignet für die Modellierung eines kollektiven mexikanischen Geschichtsbewusstseins erwiesen sich Mnemotope - Orte, an welchen sich retrospektiv ein Gemeinschaftssinn konstituieren lässt. Sergej Gordon untersucht die als neuartige historische Quelle gefeierte Kinematographie der Época de Oro (1936-1956) und deckt dabei ihre Genialität als Traumfabrik und Setzkasten ortsgestützter Vergangenheitsbezüge auf.
Wer sucht, kann gefunden werden
Authors: Schrade Robin
Published: December 2021

Die Online-Suche provoziert Debatten über die Selbstbestimmung des Einzelnen. Denn wer sucht, kann nicht nur finden, sondern auch gefunden werden. Um diesem paradoxen Verhältnis auf die Schliche zu kommen, lohnt sich ein Blick in die Vergangenheit. Ausgehend von historischen Texten - insbesondere Hugo von Sankt Viktor, Michel de Montaigne, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Martin Schrettinger und Paul Otlet - lassen sich Probleme nachzeichnen, die sich in den gegenwärtigen Diskussionen zu den virtuellen Suchmaschinen wiederfinden. Robin Schrade geht der Frage nach, welche wissens- und subjektpolitischen Konstellationen sich in den Operationen des Suchens und Findens verbergen und zeichnet ihre Geschichte nach.
Das Begehren der Vielfalt
Authors: Frühauf Marie
Published: December 2021

Warum identifizieren sich Fachkräfte der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe leidenschaftlich mit dem Gerechtigkeitsideal der Vielfalt? Welche Verheißungen stecken im professionellen Ideal der Diversity-reflexiven Beziehung? Marie Frühauf nimmt in ihrer feministisch-lacanianisch angelegten Studie jenes Begehren in den Blick, das Fachkräfte an Vielfalt heften. Die damit verbundene Ausgestaltung der pädagogischen Beziehung deutet sie vor dem Hintergrund einer postödipalen und zugleich geschlechtsspezifischen Gesellschaftskonstellation, in welcher der Andere innerhalb der pädagogischen Beziehung paradoxerweise an Bedeutung zu verlieren scheint.
Wie über Sexualität sprechen?
Authors: Thuswald Marion
Published: December 2021

Marion Thuswald geht der Frage nach, wie der Begriff Sexualität in der sexualpädagogischen Fachliteratur sowie der Aus- und Fortbildungspraxis verstanden und verwendet wird. In Bezug auf Ergebnisse ihrer ethnografischen Forschung diskutiert sie unterschiedliche Begriffsverständnisse und fragt nach deren vielfaltsinklusiven und normenkritischen Potential. Der Text zielt darauf ab, Lust auf sexualpädagogische Begriffsarbeit zu machen und die Reflexion eigener Zugänge zu Sexualität anzuregen.
Rechtliche Aspekte in der Sexualpädagogik
Authors: König Heidemarie , Krem Adriane
Published: December 2021

Adriane Krem und Heidemarie König widmen sich in diesem Beitrag verschiedenen rechtlichen Aspekten, die in der sexualpädagogischen Arbeit häufig zum Tragen kommen. Von A wie Aufsichtspflicht über H wie Heilbehandlungen zu P wie Pornografie, von Sch wie Schwangerschaftsabbruch über S wie Sexting zu V wie Verhütung... Das Kapitel bietet einen Rundgang durch diverse juristische Themenbereiche, die für die Zielgruppe oder für die sexualpädagogisch tätige Person selbst relevant sein können.
Szenen des Lesens
Authors: Griem Julika
Published: December 2021

Viele beschwören das Lesen als unverzichtbare Kulturtechnik - aber was wissen wir eigentlich über diese soziale Praxis? In der Gegenwart kann man das Lesen in vielen Kontexten beobachten, die dieser Essay zu exemplarischen »Szenen« arrangiert: Wird schnell oder langsam, einsam oder gemeinsam gelesen? Suchen wir in Lektüren Neues oder Bekanntes; füllen wir Wissensspeicher oder überlassen uns dem Eigensinn von Textwelten? Und worin besteht für wen die Lust am Lesen? Julika Griem erprobt, wie sich Lesemotive, -fähigkeiten und -technologien zwischen Instagram und Proseminar, Bibliotherapie und Blinkist als soziale Anordnungen so beschreiben lassen, dass eingespielte Bewertungsmuster hinterfragt werden.
Global Curriculum Development
Authors: Friedrichs Linn
Published: December 2021

How can higher education empower students as agents of the social transformations that our societies need so urgently? Linn Friedrichs connects John Dewey's education theory, current research on globalization, and inclusive curriculum design approaches to propose a new educational model for our age of complexity, crisis, and innovation. Drawing lessons from NYU's efforts to globalize its research, pedagogy, and social impact, she presents building blocks for a new curricular core that is structured around the key challenges of our time and the competencies of »complexity resilience«. It becomes the essential foundation for action-oriented partnerships across cultural, disciplinary, generational, and institutional boundaries.
Folklore, identidades y (des)marcaciones sociales
Authors: Pacheco Gimena
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo tiene por objeto indagar en las representaciones sociales y los sentidos que se crean en y a partir de prácticas de un determinado tipo de música conocida y difundida popularmente como «folklórica», en el marco de festivales comerciales regionales–nacionales en el Noroeste Argentino (NOA). Específicamente aquí abordaremos las performances de determinadas artistas, llevadas a cabo en el festival folklórico Serenata a Cafayate, en su edición 2020, en la provincia de Salta.

De cara a ello, a partir del análisis de los usos de los soportes materiales que habilita la música folklórica —letras de canciones, instrumentos musicales, etc.— y aquellos vinculados a la performance y la espectacularidad —vestimenta, objetos dispuestos en el escenario, etc.—, se buscará examinar las estrategias performáticas que los/as artistas despliegan, en el mencionado espacio, en términos de (des)marcación identitaria dando lugar a diferentes articulaciones entre representaciones étnicas, regionales y nacionales.
«Memoria de rituales cotidianos» o el alfajor, el burrito, el cucú y el cuarteto
Authors: Yaya Aguilar Ana Gabriela
Published: December 2021

A continuación, se propone el análisis de dos obras electroacústicas muy cercanas entre sí, Retrato sonoro de Córdoba (1999) y Memorias de rituales cotidianos (2008) del compositor radicado en Córdoba Gonzalo Biffarella. La primera se trata de un montaje de sonidos grabados en la ciudad de Córdoba y que remiten «semánticamente» a ella. La segunda obra fue compuesta como elaboración de aquel montaje, sobre el que se realizan operaciones electroacústicas que, al tiempo de producir una obra que se incorpora sin fricciones al repertorio, atenúa los rasgos típicamente locales. Para pensar la relación entre estas obras, se ponen en tensión algunos debates en torno a la disputa entre nacionalismo–cosmopolitismo. Para esto retomamos algunas reflexiones sobre estos «ismos», especialmente en Argentina, analizando cuál es el lugar de la música contemporánea en el siglo XXI en nuestro territorio. Así, de las fricciones entre una escucha que se dirige a los aspectos técnico–compositivos y otra a lo «semán­tico», se apunta a mostrar cómo, en esta obra en particular, aparecen contradicciones singulares respecto de lo identitario.
Fenomenologia liturgii Jean -Yves’a Lacoste’a jako filozofia mistyki
Authors: ZGÓRECKI PRZEMYSŁAW
Published: December 2021

Fenomenologia liturgii to główny filozoficzny projekt Jean-Yves Lacoste’a, mało jeszcze w Polsce znanego współczesnego francuskiego myśliciela. Liturgię rozumie bardzo szeroko: to dla niego taki sposób życia, który jest trwaniem wobec Boga, którego pojmuje jako podmiot i obietnicę relacji. Wydaje się zatem, że jest ona zarazem doświadczeniem filozoficznym, jak i mistycznym, dlatego będzie tutaj poddana analizie jako filozofia mistyki. Przebadana zostanie przy tej okazji postawa Lacoste’a wobec zadania myślenia, jego droga do filozofii mistyki oraz sposób, w jaki opisuje relacje między doświadczeniem mistycznym a filozoficznym. Wreszcie na koniec pojawi się pytanie o to czy mistyka u swoich źródeł jest pewnym sposobem przeżywania czasu?
Miejsce sprawności językowych na zajęciach języka specjalistycznego (na przykładzie polskiego języka medycznego)
Authors: Oczko Paulina
Published: December 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników dwóch ankiet przeprowadzonych wśród trzydziestu ośmiu uczestników kursu polskiego języka medycznego dla osób z Białorusi, Rosji i Ukrainy. Pierwsze badanie ankietowe (przeprowadzone przed rozpoczęciem kursu) obejmowało następujące zagadnienia: (1) samoocenę znajomości języka polskiego ogólnego, a także specjalistycznego (medycznego), (2) oczekiwania uczestników wobec dwudziestogodzinnego kursu, w którym mieli wziąć udział, (3) świadomość językową na temat konieczności rozwijania czterech sprawności językowych na zajęciach z języka specjalistycznego. Druga ankieta obejmowała przede wszystkim ocenę efektywności zajęć oraz własnych postępów w nauce języka polskiego do celów zawodowych. Badania miały charakter diagostyczno-opisowy i zasygnalizowane w niniejszym artykule spostrzeżenia dały asumpt do szerszych rozważań na temat obecnego stanu badań nad opisem sprawności receptywnych i produktywnych w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego dla celów specjalistycznych.
The Good Friday Oration for Non-Christians in the Background of the 20th Century Liturgical Reforms
Authors: Mielnik Dawid
Published: December 2021

The paper is an attempt to compare the three versions of the Good Friday Solemn Intercessions for non-Christians. It was made possible by juxtaposing and analysing the prayers in the light of their particular phrases. The paper was divided into two parts. The first one shows the three prayers and their historical contexts, while the other analyses their contexts. As a result, the process of decreasing the pejorative way of presenting non-Christians could clearly be seen. There is also a tendency for emphasizing elements shared by Christians and non-Christians. Finally, the comparison of the versions emphasises the transition from the salvific dimension to temporality.
On the Notion of Person in Confucianism
Authors: Gacka Bogumił
Published: December 2021

The article presents the notion of person in Confucianism in the context of biographical background of Confucius (551-479 B.C.). As an itinerant sage Confucius taught the practical significance of moral values in the social and political life. His disciples collected his teachings in Analects, in which Confucius noticed that at his age of 50 he knew the will of Heaven (A 11:4). He began to teach Humanism with respect to Transcendence (T’ien).According to the great specialists, Prof. Tu Wei-Ming (Harvard University) and Prof. John Berthrong (Boston University), “the social dimension” of the human person in Confucianism is important and the person is conceived as “a center of relationships” and as a self of personal development (selfhood as creative transformation). There are five universal ways in human relations which are governed by five moral principles. The five ways are those governing the relationships between ruler and minister, between father and son, between husband and wife, between elder and younger brothers, and those in the intercourse between friends. The core of the human person is humanity (jen or ren).Just as “compassion” is the greatest Buddhist virtue, and “love” the Christian, jen is the ultimate goal of conduct and self-transformation for the Confucian. According to Confucius, education reforms a personal life as well as a social and political life in order to realize a universal love and a personal development of man (juncy).
Customary Gidar Marriage and Christian Tradition
Authors: Różański Jarosław
Published: December 2021

In Cameroon we are dealing with three types of marriage: traditional, universally practiced marriage; civil marriage, required by state law before entering into a religious marriage; and, finally, sacramental marriage. Most widespread is the traditional form of contracting marriage. This article will present this particular form, referring to Gidar traditions and also showing its similarities to, and differences from, the Christian tradition brought by the missionaries. It will also propose solutions which combine the two traditions.

A characteristic feature of marriage rites was their multi-stage nature. They were not single acts but events long prepared and celebrated with suitable gestures, symbols, words, and events. The individual, successive stages of “taking a wife” consisted of the choice of a spouse, accepted by both families; an engagement period; an act by both families of acknowledgement of the joining of the young persons as one in marriage; the conveying of the bride to her husband’s home; celebrating; and paying the matrimonial fee.

The Church in northern Cameroon recognized traditional marriages contracted outside of baptism as valid and licit, provided that local principles, e.g., payment of a marriage fee, were taken into account. If either of the parties accepted baptism, the marriage became for him or her sacramental.

If the other party also made the same decision later on, their union took on a sacramental character, without a need to renew the marriage vows. Controversy would however arise if attempts were made to contract a traditional marriage if one party was [already] baptized, or if both parties were baptized. These controversies mainly concerned the unity, indissolubility, and sacramentality of marriage.
Trinitologia picta na przykładzie polichromii w kościele pod wezwaniem Nawiedzenia NMP w Kaliszu. Program badań
Authors: Sprutta Justyna
Published: December 2021

Polichromia kościoła pobernardyńskiego w Kaliszu (obecnie jezuitów) bogata jest w tematykę trynitarną. Motywy i symbole trynitarne najobficiej występują w nawie. Malowidła ścienne prezbiterium i nawy wykonał bernardyn, brat Walenty Żebrowski. Pochodzą z późnego baroku. Kaliska polichromia to ostatnie dzieło tego zakonnika. Poza Kaliszem W. Żebrowski tworzył również dla bernardyńskich kościołów w: Poznaniu, Kadynach, Wschowie, Skępem, Warcie, Ostrołęce, Warszawie oraz przypuszczalnie w Owińskach, Ostrzeszowie i być może też w Łęczycy. Zasłynął zwłaszcza jako pejzażysta. Artykuł, mimo iż poświęcony został trynitarnym motywom w polichromii kościoła pobernardyńskiego w Kaliszu, prezentuje także artystyczną działalność W. Żebrowskiego w wymienionych powyżej wielkich i mniejszych miastach oraz wsiach.
“Confession Seals the Mouth” The cult of St. John of Nepomuk – a Martyr of the Sacramental Mystery – on the Example of 15 Songs from the Collection of Catholic Devotional Hymns for Church and Home Use, Published in Pelplin in 1871 Selected Theological and Musical Issues
Authors: Kaczorowski Robert
Published: December 2021

In the presented article, the author discusses 15 songs composed in honor of St. John of Nepomuk, coming from the Collection of Catholic Devotional Hymns for Church and Home Use, published in 1871 in Pelplin. The number of songs proves that the cult of St. John was widespread among Polish people. This Saint enjoyed extraordinary authority because he remained faithful to his priestly vocation until his martyrdom. He preferred to die than to reveal the secret of the holyconfession. Thus, St. John of Nepomuk remains the Patron Saint of Confessors until this day.
Introduction: Silence and Silencing in Children’s Literature
Authors: Druker Elina , Sundmark Björn , Warnqvist Åsa , Österlund Mia
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Silence and Silencing in Children’s Literature
Tove Janssons bildebok Vem ska trösta knyttet? som heltedikt
Authors: C. Takle Cecilie , S. Rustad Hans Kristian
Published: December 2021

Tove Jansson’s Picturebook Who Will Comfort Toffle? as a Heroic Poem

This article offers an analysis of Tove Jansson’s picturebook Vem ska trösta knyttet? (Who Will Comfort Toffle?) from 1960 as a heroic poem and dramatic monologue, representing an alternative reading to earlier studies of this picturebook as a coherent narrative. Drawing on theory about heroic poetry, poetry and picturebook analysis, we provide a reading that expands those interpretations of Vem ska trösta knyttet? that emphasize the romantic and psychological projects of the book when read as a narrative story. By reading Vem ska trösta knyttet? as a heroic poem, we explore the text as an uttered, ritualistic, and iterative event rather than solely a narrative with fictional characters. Read in the tradition of the heroic poem, Toffle is (still) the hero, where lyrical language and structures allow the reader to remember and retell the poem, letting Toffle’s deeds live on beyond the alleged time of events and the performative declaration by Toffle.