bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthocyanin Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Varieties Blueberries
Authors: Li Ying Chang , He Yu Tang
Published: December 2012

Fresh fruits and vegetables are rich sources of nutrients and phytochemicals for health. Thus, consumer has increased the demand for them, particularly blueberries. Two varieties of cultivated blueberries and a wild blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosumL.) were selected in order to determine their antioxidant activity as related to their anthocyanins. Anthocyanin content of different varieties of blueberries was determined by pH differential method. Anthocyanins from different varieties blueberries were assayed for their antioxidant properties in vitro systems, including inhibiting activity on lipid peroxidation, scavenging activity on hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical. The results showed that anthocyanin content of wild blueberry was the highest and anthocyanin content of Northland blueberry was the lowest among different varieties blueberries. Blueberries anthocyanins were effective antioxidants, and there was a dose-dependent relationship between anthocyanins content and antioxidant activity. The overall antioxidant capacity ranked on the order of Blomidon blueberry>wild blueberry>Northland blueberry. The result also showed that antioxidant property was not only correlated with anthocyanins content but also related to their composition and structure. Blueberries anthocyanins was a rich source of natural antioxidant and potential used as a food additive.
Effects of Sand Burial Depth on Seedling Growth of Caragana microphylla
Authors: He Yu Hui , Liu Xin Ping , Zhao Ha Lin
Published: December 2012

Caragana microphylla is a pioneer leguminous shrub species, and plays an important role in sand fixing and desertification control in the Horqin Sandy Land of Northern China. In this study, seedlings were buried by sand to depths of 0 (control), 1/3, 2/3, 1 and 4/3 of their mean height, and the effects of sand burial depth on seedling growth of Caragana microphylla were tested. Results show that with increasing burial depth, biomass allocation to leaves decrease, while stem biomass allocation increase, and both shoot and root growth of C. microphylla are stimulated and seedling biomass is the highest when burial depth is 2/3 of seedling height. Therefore, moderate burial could facilitate seedlings growth of C. microphylla
Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Aqueous Solution by the Fenton Process
Authors: Yang Ji Feng , Chen Hong Hui
Published: December 2012

The present study provides results describing the degradation performance of ciprofloxacin antibiotic via Fenton treatment. The effect of reaction conditions including the initial pH value, and dosages of ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide on ciprofloxacin and COD removal was investigated. Ciprofloxacin removal efficiency of more than 90% was achieved under optimum reaction conditions of pH value of 2, dosages of 0.75 mmol/L of ferrous ion, and 2.0 mmol/L of hydrogen peroxide after 10min. However, the change of COD in aqueous solution was not obvious and further study about intermediate products during oxidation process should be carried out in the future.
A Concept Model about Allometric Scaling of Hierarchical Energy Flow through Plant Biosystems
Authors: Yang Xin Guo
Published: December 2012

Ecologists have long sought a general metabolic scaling law (e.g., the 3/4 power law), although the size-independent mass-special metabolic ratemay have been selected for over evolutionary time. Here, we outline four hierarchical energy processes along the path of energy flow. These processes are represented as the scaling exponents of mass-dependent energy flow (e.g., a 1/4-scaling rule for individuals and a 1/3-scaling rule for populations). Individuals and populations have evolved as the conduits of energy flow. Interestingly, the mass-dependent hierarchical energy flow can help explain the development of a tree population. Our theory highlights that mass-dependent hierarchical energy flow may act as a metabolic integrator and suggests an energetic explanation of the evolution of plant biosystems from the individual to the community level.
Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Mycelia Materials of Several Mushrooms on the Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme
Authors: Yan Pei Sheng , Gao Xiu Jun
Published: December 2012

ACE inhibitory activities of water extracts from mycelia of 6 kinds of mushrooms in liquid fermentation were investigated. All strains cultivated in shaking flask containing liquid medium, and yield of mycelia ranged from 0.051 to 1.392 g mycelia/day/L liquid medium in average. Resulting mycelia were extracted with distilled water at 50°Cfor 200 min, and the yield of water extracts from mycelia ranged from 287.475 to 490.088 mg/g dried mycelia. These water extracts were used to assay their ACE inhibitory activity. Results showed that their IC50 values ranged from 1.277 to 5.250 mg/ml. The difference among IC50 values of these water extracts were significant (p<0.05 or p<0.001). Lactarius camphorates (IC50: 1.646±0.061mg/mL) was the specie which had relatively lower IC50 value than others, as well as relatively higher water extract yield. The results highlighted the potential for making antihypertensive functional foods or drugs from liquid cultured mycelia of Lactarius camphorates.
The Occurrence and Biological Characters of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus in Fujian, China
Authors: Huang Zhi Hong
Published: December 2012

R. ferrugineus is one of exotic insects attacking Palmae plants，especially to Phoenix canariensi, am important ornamental trees.The symptom of morphological characters of R. ferrugineus were described，the effect of the temperature on the development of this insect was studied. Based on the capture of R. ferrugineus adults by bait, we investigated the happen of the pest in Fujian.
Impact of Glycerol Concentration on Lactic Acid Fermentation
Authors: Malee Wilawan , Pisutpaisal Nipon , Boonyawanich Siriorn
Published: December 2012

Lactic acid was fermented from glycerol under condition of 37oC, pH 7 and varying glycerol concentration range of 10-85 g L-1 using 3 different pure cultures, Lactobacillus leichmanii, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Corynebacterium glutamicum. In 45 g L-1 glycerol–containing MRS medium, L. delbrueckii and L. leichmanii produced maximum lactic concentration of 32.6 and 23.5 g L-1, respectively. Concentration of lactic acid increased with the increase of glycerol concentration range of 0-45 g L-1. No lactic acid was produced at glycerol greater than 45 g L-1.
Microbial Flora Variation in Process of Jackfruit Peel Ensiling
Authors: Yang Jin Song , Cai Yi Min , Tan Hai Sheng
Published: December 2012

Three samples of jackfruit peel were prepared, which were processed through adding no additives, adding lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and adding both LAB and pectinase respectively. In order to find out the regular pattern of microbial flora, microbial flora of each sample was analyzed during ensiling. It was found out that growth of LAB reached its peak of 1.2×109～4.5×109 CFU/g FM in the 7th day of ensiling, growth of aerobic bacteria reached its peak of 3.5×105～1.8×106 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling, and growth of yeast reached its peak of 2.8×105～4.6×105 CFU/g FM in the 3rd day of ensiling. All of the samples with different way of processing showed the same trend that growth of microbial flora number were increased gradually and then decreased. It were also found out that decrease of pH value had relation with LAB number, and decrease of pH value were lagged behind the peak number of LAB, and number of aerobic bacteria and yeast were decreased with reproducing of LAB and decline of pH value. Quality of silage added with LAB, and both pectinase and LAB were better than that with no additives.
Spectrum Classification of Easily Confused Ground Objects in ALI Remote Sensing Image Based on Texture Features
Authors: Zhang Ling Ling , Lai Ge Ying , Zeng Xiang Gui , Yi Fa Zhao
Published: December 2012

According to the problem that the classification result of shrub and forest land was easy to confuse when used spectrum of Advanced Land Image (ALI) to classify. This paper used the Meijiang River watershed as the study area. Used the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce dimension, taken the Contrast, Second moment, Mean and Dissimilarity as the texture values, and extracted the texture by Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). The texture features extracted from different window sizes were used the Maximum likelihood method to classify, and chosen the texture features extracted by the most suitable window size to join the classification. The research result shows that the texture features extracted by window size of 11×11 can distinguish well the two easily ground objects; moreover, the overall accuracy of classification used texture and spectrum features reached to 87.55%, which is 4.4% higher than the classification with spectrum.
Construction and Information Management of Lianyungang Emergency Shelters for Earthquake Disaster Based on GIS
Authors: Dou Chang E , Jia Yan Hong , Xie Hong Quan
Published: December 2012

Emergency shelters for earthquake disaster (ESED) is an important part of the prevention system for earthquake and other sudden-onset natural disasters. ESED plays an important role in the reduction of earthquake disasters and emergency evacuation to a safe place for resettlement of affected people. It is important to use GIS technology to establish earthquake emergency shelter planning, construction and information management. We briefly introduce the status quo of the ESED construction and planning of Lianyungang after an analysis of the necessity and feasibility of the establishment of planning, construction and information management, then outline main functions of the ESED, and finally some suggestions for planning, construction and information management are provided.
Study on the Change of Vegetation Cover in Eastern Jilin Province Based on RS and GIS Technology
Authors: Lin Nan , Jiang Qi Gang , Zhang Hong Hong
Published: December 2012

Based on the GIS technology, NDVI indexes have been used as main data source in this paper. Spatiotemporal change principle have been analyzed in order to realize the vegetation cover spatial distribution and changing trend in eastern Jilin during the 10 years. The results show that the vegetation cover in eastern jilin, in the past 10 years, vegetation coverage is obviously the volatility of the whole the increasing trend, but change small scale, basically in a stable state. The areas with increased vegetation coverage is mainly distributed in the northeast and north, the areas with decreased vegetation coverage is mainly distributed in the southeast and southwest. The areas with increased vegetation coverage is more than the areas with the decreased vegetation coverage. Improvement of trends in the area are mainly distributed in the Yanbian area of eastern and southern, central Tonghua, Baishan area of Northwestern and other places, the trend of degradation in the region are mainly distributed in the eastern part of Jilin , the East Yanbian and southeastern Baishan region.And the areas with significantly changed vegetation coverage are comparatively small and scattered throughout the study area.
The Application of GIS Techniques in Soil Testing and Fertilizer Recommendations: Part III the Distribution of Soil Organic Matters in Hainan, China
Authors: Wei Zhi Yuan , Qi Zhi Ping
Published: December 2012

There are more and more concerns of researchers on the spatial distribution of organic carbons. Accurate estimate of organic carbon stock of arable land soil is significant to cutting down release of carbons. The study, taking Hainan arable land as the study case, has analyzed the distribution and variation characteristics of organic matters content of arable land soils in this area by applying GIS spatial analysis. The results indicate that for nearly three decades, the contents of soil organic matters decreased significantly in Hainan, and the effective measures should be taken to increase the contents of soil organic matters, i.e. increase application ratios of organic fertilizers. GIS raster calculation can identify the areas, of which the soil organic matters changed most significantly during the two periods.
Research on Properties of Nano-Fe3O4-Based Coagulation Complex Ligand
Authors: Jia Ruo Kun , Yang Peng , Lin Song Zhu , Bai Na
Published: December 2012

A new pharmaceutical for water treatment will be introduced in our paper.The pharmaceutical was prepared with polypropylene amide and nano-Fe3O4 synthesized by co-precipitation. For dealing with simulated wastewater of high turbidity, the water treatment effect of this nano-Fe3O4 coagulation complex ligand was compared with that using simply nano-Fe3O4. The result showed that the new pharmaceutical has a better treatment effect on simulated wastewater of high turbidity with removal efficiency can reach up to 96.7% while the dosages of nano-Fe3O4 and polypropylene amide were 0.3g and 0.05mg respectively.
Spatio-Temporal Variation of Vegetation NDVI in China from 2001 to 2011
Authors: Lin Qing Hui , Sun Li Ran , Wang Xue Zhi , Hu Liang Lin
Published: December 2012

In this paper, Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dataset, a global dataset with 1km spatial resolution and one month temporal resolution, was selected as the data source. The spatio-temporal variation of vegetation NDVI in China and the seven regions of China during the period from 2001 to 2011 were studied by using maximum value method, average method and linear regression trend analysis method. Results show that: Over the past 11 years, the change of China Annual NDVI was insignificant. The variation of mean NDVI of different regions was obvious. Trend analysis shows that vegetation NDVI in China had an increasing trend from 2001 to 2011.
An Exploration on the Land Replacement Village Migration Model in Coal Areas and the Construction Land Index Coordination Mechanism – Take a Coal Mine in Shandong Province as a Case
Authors: Yang Yao Qi , Hu Zhen Qi , Zhao Ke Ke , Wang Lin , Wang Xin Jing , Wang Pei Jun , Gao Yang
Published: December 2012

At present, the construction land of replacement area in coal villages is in rather tight supply and the great shortage of construction land has made land as the toughest problem in village relocation. In order to lessen the pressure of the contradiction between supply and demand of construction land and meet the needs of normal economic and social development, this these attempts to analyze the current situation and existing problems of the traditional village migration model, and employ the new modern model of land replacement village migration to explore how it helps to revitalize the construction land index, which is of greater significance to maintain the balance between occupying and supplying. The present paper takes the coal village in a mine of Shandong Province as a case and uses the land replacement village migration model to calculate and analyze the area of the village’s new site to obtain the new conditions of construction land index balance and annual turn-over index. It is believed from the angles of land-saving, economic and ecological benefits, the land replacement village migration model can not only help the mining enterprises to get and increase the construction land index, but can enhance the sustainable development of the economic environment.
Dynamic Changes of Landscape Pattern in Coastal Urban Belt in Liaoning
Authors: Hu Hai De
Published: December 2012

Based on field investigation and social-economical data, in combination with the 1992 and 2007 Landsat TM remote sensing images of Coastal Urban Belt in Liaoning, this paper analyzed the dynamic changes of landscape pattern at both class and landscape levels and their driving forces in the study area. From 1992 to 2007, the landscape pattern in the study area experienced a significant change. At class level, the area of farmland, forestland, wetland, grassland, and abandoned land decreased, while the area of residential area, salt pan, and water area increased. At landscape level, both total number of patches and patch density increased significantly, while the largest patch index decreased, and the complication of landscape shape intensified.
Research on Optimal Layout of Rural-Urban Construction Land Used Based on GIS Spatial Treatment in Foshan
Authors: Chen Xuan , Zhang Jian , Yang Zai Gui
Published: December 2012

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization process in our country, the conflict between demand of urban-rural construction land and limitation of land resources in area with rapid economic development is becoming sharper. Therefore, the research for planning and layout of urban-rural construction land is particular important. This paper takes Foshan City, Guangdong Province as an example. With GIS spatial analysis, divide the researched area into grids of some standard dimensions (20 m×20 m) through setting a group of construction permission elements; calculate the construction permission index of each grid (evaluation unit) and determine the proper land construction degree of different grids (evaluation unit) according to size of construction permission index; define areas with different construction degrees and strengths hierarchically; establish the guide rules of construction permission for each area to realize the reasonable spatial layout of construction land, so as to arrange reasonable space for newly increased urban-rural construction land in general planning of land use, achieving economical and intensive land use.
Research on the Public Transport Integration of Major Western Region Cities – A Case Study on Bus Connection with Subway Line 6 in Chonqing
Authors: Wei Ling Hong , Wu Hong Yang , Li Huan
Published: December 2012

The major western cities of China are beginning to suffer the growing traffic congestion problems, which eastern cities of China has experienced. Learn lessons from eastern cities on traffic issues as soon as possible, dealing with the diversified modes of public transportation problem of convergence effectively, providing condition for integration development of urban public transport in the west is the main goal in this paper. This paper takes Subway transit Line 6 in Chongqing as a bus connection example. On the basis of passenger volume forecast, integrated public transport optimization theory and method are used to study Chongqing subway transit Line 6 along the feeder site optimization program , it can provide the theoretical foundation and technical support for the public transport network optimization of Chongqing.
LIDL®: the Implementation and Operation Environment of Spatial Arrangement of Urban and Rural Land Resources
Authors: Ren Ping , Wu Fen Na , Zhou Jie Ming
Published: December 2012

Currently, urban development needs more construction land, and food security requires the guarantee of a certain farmland. This causes a sharp contradiction between the lack of urban construction land and the protection of farmland. Meanwhile, rural construction land was extensively used. So, the solution of this contradiction is allocating urban and rural construction land. Taking Xindu district of Chengdu as an example, this paper proposed the implementation method and operation environment of linking the increase in land used for urban construction with the decrease in land used for rural construction (hereinafter referred to as the “link”). It is proven by research that the farmland increased 11.4 mu, the land of farmers centralization residence saved 438.7 mu and the land of urban construction increased 533.2 mu. The link realized the goal of without increasing the total amount of construction land and decreasing the farmland, and improving quality at the same time.
The Effect of Drying-Rewetting on Soil Nitrogen Nitrification
Authors: Zheng Ying Ying , Song Xin Shan , Zhao Xiao Xiang
Published: December 2012

More frequently drying-rewetting is likely to be expected for soils this century, with strong effect on nitrogen transformation. Experiments were conducted in semi-disturbed soils which were incubated under 4 different moisture regimes (dry wet\constant wet\constant dry\constant flooded) for 71 d. The results show that the dry soil has a rapid NO3--N increase after rewetting. Drying-rewetting increases soil nitrification which shows a "pulse" increasing. The drying and rewetting soil has the highest nitrification intensity when the soil moisture content (g/g) ranging at 15.82% ~ 17.06%. Drying-rewetting contributes to the accumulation of NO3--N.
Screening of the Bacterium for Chlorobenzene Degradation and its Enzymatic Properties
Authors: Niu Xian , Ding Cheng , Yan Jin Long , Yang Bai Ren
Published: December 2012

A dominant bacterium (LW13) for the degradation of chlorobenzene was selected from maturity sludge in a novel combined bio-filter polluted by chlorobenzene gas. Based on the morphological characteristics observation, physio-biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence homology analysis, strain LW13 was identified as Lysinibacillus fusiformis. Crude enzyme from the fermentation was extracted and their enzymatic properties were also investigated. Results showed that the degradation enzyme produced by the bacteria belong to extracellular enzymes. The purity of the enzyme was determined by SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis and the molecular weight was found to be 52 kDa. The optimum pH value was about 8.0 with the optimum temperature of 45° C. Throughout the purification process, 85-fold of enzyme purification was achieved with the recovery of 20.69%.
Electrochemical Reduction Behavior of Nitrobenzene in Binary Composite Ionic Liquids Mixtures
Authors: Chen Song , Chen Liang , Bai Yun Shan , Mao Xin Biao , Chu You Qun , Ma Chun’an
Published: December 2012

The electrochemical reduction behaviors of nitrobenzene in composite ionic liquids were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the electrochemical reduction characteristics of nitrobenzene in binary composite ionic liquids was improved in comparing with pure ionic liquids BMimBF4 and BMimPF6. The reaction velocity of nitrobenzene in composite ionic liquids was controlled by diffusion. With increasing temperature or the concentration of nitrobenzene, the peak current was increased and the peak potential was varied complicated.
Effect of Ca2+ and Fe3+ Addition on Nitriﬁcation-Denitriﬁcation Process in a Membrane Bioreactor
Authors: Sun Mo Jie , Wang Hong Hong , Zhang Hai Feng
Published: December 2012

Study on the effect of Ca2+and Fe3+addition on nitriﬁcation-denitriﬁcation process in a submerged membrane bioreactor was conducted. The removal rate of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen was investigated. The result indicated that the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rate increased from 75% to 85% and 55% to 75%, respectively, as the calcium concentration ranging from 0 to 150 mg/L, which indicated that the nitrification and denitrification process were promoted. Ferric ion of 50 mg/L obtained a considerable increase in TN removal from 55% to 70% ,with an increase of ammonia nitrogen removal rate from 75% to 83%. However, ferric ion concentration ranging between 100 mg/L and 150mg/L caused a decrease of both total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, indicating that the activity of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria was inhibited.
Synergistic Effect of Xylanase and Chemical Bleaching Agent on Bleaching Properties of KP Pulp
Authors: Pang Zhi Qiang , Yang Chao , Chen Jia Chuan , Yang Gui Hua
Published: December 2012

Synergistic effect of xylanase and bleaching agent on bleaching properties of KP pulp was investigated. The combination of ClO2 chlorination, alkali extraction and ClO2 bleaching with xylanase was applied. Results showed that X/DED bleaching process could make full use of xylanase, xylan was degraded and the role of bleaching agent was accelerated which enhancing the chemical accessibility of xylanase. The coordination of the two parts improved bleaching effect significantly. But for DX/ED bleaching process, the brightness of bleached pulp treated with different xylanase treating time was very low or a little low, indicating the role of xylanase on pulp was very important for improving bleaching properties, and residual xylanase had little effect on improvement of alkaline extract. Effect of xylanase in ClO2 stage had little effect on bleaching effect of pulp, and brightness are near each other. When xylanase and ClO2 were added together, xylanase almost did not show its role in bleaching, and bleaching result was neat to that of DED process
Compatibilization of Polypropylene/Corn Starch Plasticized with Diethanol Amine
Authors: Qiu Jia Hao , Song Pin Gan , Fu Shen Yuan , Ge Xian Xun , Huang Bing , Feng Jia Bing
Published: December 2012

In the presented paper, diethanol amine is employed to plasticize corn starch, and plasticized starch is incorporated into polypropylene to create semibio-based composites with the aid of compatibilizer, maleic anhydride-grafted PP (PPMA). Compared with PP/starch blend, the presence of diethanol amine changes the morphology and increases the plasticity of starch due to the reduction effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. Adding PPMA could reduce the dispersed size of starch granules in the polymer matrix due to in situ reactive compatibilization. Addition of 30 wt% PPMA decreases the starch granules size from ~10 μm to ~5 μm, and increases the tensile strength from 16 MPa for PP/plasticized starch to 30 MPa, increased by 87.5%. Thus, as-created bio-composites with improved mechanical properties will find many potential applications such as packaging.
Study on Flushability Testing of Wood Pulp Composite Spunlaced Nonwovens
Authors: Tang Yao , Jin Xiang Yu
Published: December 2012

Wood pulp composite spunlaced nonwoven is a new environment-friendly material that can disintegrate in toilet system. It could be easily flushed into septic or sewer systems, thus avoids the risk of clogging the pipes. In this study, the flushable wood pulp composite spunlaced nonwoven was prepared and the flushability testing method was developed. The effects of testing parameters and conditions on the flushability were studied through laboratory experiment and theoretical analysis. It was found that the size of sample, liquid volume, shaking speed and shaking time were directly related to the disintegration ratio. A medium sample size, a higher liquid volume, a higher shaking speed and shaking time can result in a good disintegration. These factors should be taken into serious consideration when testing the flushable or disintegrating properties.
Density Functional Theory Study of Interaction between CO and Oxygen Carrier Fe2O3@SBA-15
Authors: Li Wen Yan , Chen Qiu Luan , Mi Teng Ge
Published: December 2012

Fe2O3@SBA-15 oxygen carrier models were built to investigate the reaction stoichiometry mechanism between the fuel gas CO and oxygen carrier Fe2O3in chemical-looping combustion system. The binding energy of CO adsorption on Fe2O3@ SBA-15 is -0.402 eV, and the atomic structures, electronic proper of the CO/Fe2O3@SBA were also analyzed. The calculation results for the oxidation CO have an important understanding of the process of scientific significance, which will promote the fundamental understanding and applications of the oxygen carrier Fe2O3.
Material Election and Ecological Design for Furniture Products Based on the Principles of Green Manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Qiu Mei , Zhang Wei Mei
Published: December 2012

Based on the principles of green manufacturing, the ecological system of furniture design consists of the ecological furniture design analysis, implementation, evaluation, as well as supporting and maintenance. Compared to the traditional furniture material election, the material election subject to the green manufacturing presents a new philosophy. The principle of furniture material election subject to the green manufacturing involves the combination of technical principle, economical principle and environmental principle. This article also discusses the minimization of life-cycle cost of furniture material election subject to green manufacturing.
Strength Enhancement of Sludge Based Geopolymer by Si/Al Ratio Variation
Authors: Yang Z.X. , Zhao J.M. , Hwang Kyu Hong , Shin S.J. , Lee H.R.
Published: December 2012

To obtain a new type of construction material with lower CO2emission and energy consumption, fly ash was used as the main components. Solution of NaOH/KOH and water glass were applied as alkaline activator. The amount of water glass and the ratio of alkaline/water glass were varied to adjust Si/Al ratio to reach an optimal value. The specimens were cured in air and oven, then their mechanical properties such as compressive strength and bending strength were measured and their microstructures were investigated.
Screening and Degradation Characteristics of Anthracene-Degrading Strains
Authors: Liu Shan Shan , Liu Xiao Yan , Liang Xia , Liu Fa Hui , Zou Jun Chen , Wei Jing
Published: December 2012

Two efficient anthracene-degrading strains are isolated from pollution sludge collected from sewage treatment plant and identified by sequencing their 16S rDNA genes, one is Pseudomonas nitroreducens and the other is Bacillus sp.. The proper growth conditions of each bacterium was measured and presented for anthracene-degrading. The optimum growth condition is pH 7.5, 30°C. Biodegradation assays revealed that the degradation rates of two bacterial strains are 82.3% and 80.7% in 7 days. Respectively, the two bacteria had played important roles in the degradation of anthracene.
Influence of pH Value and Dispersants on the Alumina Suspension Stability
Authors: Liu Hong Yu , Zhao Wen Kai
Published: December 2012

Alumina microparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method with aluminum isopropoxide as raw material, octanol and acetonitrile as solvent. The influence of pH value and three kinds of dispersants on the alumina suspension stability were discussed in water system. We find that The optimal pH value range of application for alumina suspension is 4-5 or 10-11, which has the biggest absolute value of Zeta potential, and alumina suspension has a good dispersion when Span-20 used as dispersant.
The Photocatalytic Activity of Bi20TiO32 for Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Different Water Quality
Authors: Sun Xu Hui , Yu Xi , Sun Lin , Wang Lei
Published: December 2012

In order to test the photocatalytic activity of Bi20TiO32under different conditions, experiments were done to compare its performance for degrading organic pollutants in water. The results are as following. Higher light intensity will increase the reaction rate. Ions in water will affect adversely the photoreaction. Temperature has little effect on the reaction. High concentration of H2O2helps to degrade organic pollutants in water.
Dispersion Prediction Model for Instantaneous Release of Hazardous Chemicals under Variable Wind Conditions
Authors: Ren Ling , Chen Jianguo , Du Zheng , Bai Jing Guo
Published: December 2012

A modified Gaussian puff model, which is applicable to multiple changes of wind direction and wind speed, is put forward based on the coordinate transformation for the instantaneous release of hazardous chemicals. In addition, a specific implementation method of the model is discussed. Furthermore, the velocity correction is applied to the modified model. The trajectory of the puff center which represents puff motion is analyzed by the linear and quadratic velocity correction methods respectively. It is depicted that the trajectory of puff motion is smooth and the smooth transition sections exist after the change of wind direction and wind speed based on the velocity correction method, showing good agreement with the real conditions.
Three Parallel Rivers World Natural Heritage Hongshan District Ecological Security Assessment
Authors: Li Hui , Wang Si Qi , Wang Wen Xi , Duan Qiuchen , Li Guo Yan
Published: December 2012

Hongshan district is a typical region in Three Parallel Rivers World Natural Heritage site of China. In recent years, human factors lead to series ecological security problems. Ecological safety assessment is an important basis to study regional ecological security situation. Using 2006 and 1990 time image interpretation data, we have built Driving forces- Pressure- State- Impact- Responses (DPSIR) model by GIS and structured ecological safety evaluation index system. Using Spss17 etc software and according to the weight and ecological safety factor calculation evaluated ecological safety in the area, and got the ecological security level space differences. The results show that three towns in the area 1990 to 2006 ecological safety evaluation, Gezan Village ecological security synthetical index reduced from 0.3335 to 0.4550, and the ecological security level dropped from 4 to 5, and in extremely insecurity state; Dongwang Village increased from 0.5252 to 0.5707, level keep 4, belong to quite insecurity state; Jiantang Township increased from 0.6438 to 0.6672, level keep 3, belong to insecurity state. We proposed ecological safety protection suggestions.
Study on Modelling in Biosphere for Performance Assessment on HLW Disposal Repository in China
Authors: Qiu Guo Hua
Published: December 2012

Based on BIOMASS methodology, FEPs analysis and data preparation, the biosphere model for Beishan, China (BIOMOBEIC) for performance assessment on high level radioactive waste(HLW) disposal repository has been developed by utilizing AMBER which is an efficient compartment modeling tool in order to evaluate dose rate to individual due to long-term release of nuclides from the HLW repository. From the result of mathematical simulation, the biosphere dose conversion factors (BDCFs) are obtained which are critical factors for conversion of release rates from the geosphere to individual doses in biosphere assessment and performance assessment.
Fault Tree Analysis on Ship Dangerous Chemicals Leakage Emergency in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Li Hai Yan , Wu Guo Bin
Published: December 2012

This paper conducts the fault tree analysis on Ship Dangerous Chemicals Leakage emergency of Three Gorges Lock with the method of safety system engineering, draws a map of fault tree analysis, representing intuitively the basic events which can bring about top events as well as the logic relationships between them, obtains the minimum cut set, minimum path set and structure importance through qualitative analysis of FTA, and points out the possible ways to prevent the occurrence of accidents.
Dynamic Simulation on Longitudinal Temperature Distribution of Tunnel Ceiling Based on Moving Fire Source
Authors: Deng Jun , Li Shi Rong , Yan Zheng Xin
Published: December 2012

Several tunnel fires were caused by the fire source loaded in moving vehicle. The physical model was designed based on real road tunnel to simulate the distribution of longitudinal temperature. Through fire dynamic simulation software FDS, the fire processes when moving vehicle stabilized and traveled at 10m/s and 15m/s in tunnel were simulated under natural ventilation of 2.7m/s. The purpose of research includes three aspects, first, the temperature field in the early stage when moving fire travels into tunnel; second, influence of moving fire on the longitudinal temperature distribution; third, explores the change of temperature peak and its influential factors when vehicles stops and combustion stabilizes. Simulation indicates that the airflow filed movement induced by moving fire to certain degree blocks the spread of heat released in the direction opposite to fire movement and it also entrains high temperature airflow into its movement. When ventilation direction is accordant with vehicle moving direction, the stabilized value of highest temperature point of ceiling tends to be higher than that when the directions are opposite.
Fault Tree Analysis on Radiation Hazards in Underground Uranium Mines and Prevention Countermeasures
Authors: Ye Yong Jun , Ding De Xin , Li Feng , Wang Shu Yun
Published: December 2012

Workers in underground uranium mines work chronically in the opening radiation environment, the radiation hazards they suffered has attracted public’s attention. So some effective measures must be carried out to control worker’s received radiation dose. Fault tree analysis is a deductive system safety analysis method, which can offer decision basis for accident prevention and safety management. Based on the above two advantages, firstly, the paper analyzes the radiation hazards in underground uranium mines and their influencing factors. Then, the fault tree of radiation hazards is established in underground uranium mines, five groups of minimal path sets and the structure importance degree of each basic event are obtained. Finally, according to the results of fault tree analysis, some prevention countermeasures are putted forward to prevent radiation hazards.
On the Application of FLUENT for Numerical Simulation NG Dispersion
Authors: Zhang Bin , Wu Wan Qing , Zhang Jian Wei , Yu Gui Feng , Feng Xing , Wu Wen Feng
Published: December 2012

Aiming at studying liquefied natural gas discharging on water and evaporated natural gas dispersion, based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory, using FLUENT to simulate the Coyote series 3 and 5. It is validated that FLUENT simulation results closer to experimental values than SLAB and DEGADIS model simulation results. And it is simulated the NG dispersing on water by setting higher wall heat conduction rate and simulated LNG discharging on ground by using lower LNG evaporation rate. By comparing the results, it is proved that LNG spilling and dispersion on water would get higher volume concentration than which occurs on ground.
The Application of Fuzzy Delphi Expert Method on Urban River Ecosystem Assessment
Authors: Wu Ching I , Wang Pi Fen
Published: December 2012

A river is a water container. Moreover, rivers and riverside green spaces are both important ecological gene pools. The functions of water, drainage, and ecological conservation are under serious consideration because of increasing global water issues. However, an assessment method that is integrated with multiple thinking is lacking. An urban river ecosystem quality assessment model cannot be viewed only with a hydraulic engineering perspective because a river ecosystem combines economic, social, and natural aspects. In this study, a literature review is developed and the basic architecture is indexed to increase the objectivity of the index system. The goal of sustainable urban river assessment is to establish an initial questionnaire containing assessment model indexes. A total of 23 indicators are identified by using fuzzy number calculations of expert questionnaires. These are divided into six categories: water quality, biological, sediment, stream conditions, vegetation, and river type.
Evaluation of Environment Impact of PCDL Aliphatic Hyperbranched Polyurethane
Authors: Wang Xue Chuan , Fu Yu Qiao , Li Juan
Published: December 2012

Biodegradability was adopted to evaluate the environment impact of PCDL type of aliphatic hyperbranched polyurethane which was used as the substrate of microorganism. The main results obtained by the method of respiratory curves were as follows. When the concentration of substrate was 0~500mg/L, the respiratory curves of the substrate were under the curve of endogenous, which showed that the substrate has inhabiting effect on microorganism. When the concentration of the substrate was 300mg/L, the utilization of the substrate by microorganism was the most. The main results obtained by the method of COD30 were as follows. When sludge concentration was 1000mg/L and pH was 7, the biodegradation rate of 300mg/L PCDL aliphatic hyperbranched polyurethane was only 5.78%. Under above condition, the biodegradation rates of PCDL aliphatic hyperbranched polyurethane with other concentrations were much smaller. Moreover, as indicated in the respiratory curves, the effect of sludge concentration and pH on the biodegradability of the substrate was not very obvious. Under the experimental conditions, when the concentration of the substrate was 300mg/L, the sludge concentration was 3000mg/L and pH was 9, the biodegradability of the substrate was the best.
Effect of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene on Soil Microbial Populations and Enzyme Activities
Authors: Liang Hui Xing , Li Zhao Xia
Published: December 2012

The potential effect of 1,4-dichlorobenzene(1,4-DCB) on Microbial Populations and enzyme activities was investigated in a flooded wetland soil. The results showed that the number of actinomycetes declined significantly after the treatment of 1,4-DCB at different concentrations, and the amout of bacteria and fungi were significantly decreased in soil samples treated with higher than 200 mg/Kg. 1,4-DCB at over the range of selected concentrations could completely inhibit urease activityin the first 28 days.1,4-DCB at the concentration lower than 100 mg/Kg dried soil stimulated the activity of catalase , while the others showed an inhibition during period of incubation. Results indicated that these two enzymes are sensitive to 1,4-DCB contamination.
Research on Assessment and Classification for Major Hazard Installation of Dangerous Chemicals
Authors: Luo Ze Min
Published: December 2012

Based on death radius classification method for major hazard installation, this assay utilize “the principle of maximum danger” and “the principle of probability summation” as the principles to calculate property losses and casualties, and use the Classification Standards of Major Hazard Installation (exposure draft) as the standard, to classify the major hazard installation of dangerous chemicals. Thus, it could take property losses and casualties of surrounding environment into consideration, which ensure the considered factors of major hazard installation classification of dangerous chemicals more comprehensive, and ensure the classification results more closely with the real situation. The research result of this essay would provide certain reference value on major hazard installation assessment and classification of dangerous chemicals.
Field Measurement and Analysis of the Micro Climate of a Campus Square
Authors: Huang Yan Yan , Deng Shi Chao
Published: December 2012

A square is an important multi-functional public space on campus, which can be used as a venue for traffic, gathering, recreational activities and cultural events, and thus the thermal environment of the campus square will directly influence the overall environmental quality of campus. This paper studies a campus square in the summer-hot and winter-cold region, selects typical positions to conduct actual measurement of parameters, such as temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation, which indicate the thermal environment. Based on data collection and analysis, it is concluded that the thermal environment of the campus square is affected by microclimate factors such as the square underlying surface properties, vegetation and building and road orientations. This paper is aimed at exploring the regularity of the correlation between microclimate factors and thermal environment in order to facilitate the improvement of the thermal environment of the campus square, make it more comfortable and provide ideas for the landscape and architectural environment design.
The Comprehensive Evaluation on Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction about the Efficiency on Industry of Jiangsu Province
Authors: Wang Geng , Gao Fang Fei
Published: December 2012

From the perspective of city, Jiangsu province enterprise energy conservation and emission reduction in the evaluation of performance is studied. First, the energy conservation and emission reduction of performance comprehensive evaluation index system is established. Second, using the principal component analysis method to 13 major cities have the empirical analysis and comparative study. Finally, a comprehensive and three classification evaluation list is given.
An Optimal Model for Carbon Dioxide Emission Control in the Low-Carbon Urban Agglomeration Based on Sustainable Development of Economy, Society and Environment (1): Modeling Construction
Authors: Pang Tian Yi , Sun Zhao , Li Zhuang , Zhao Wen Jin , Li Yu
Published: December 2012

Based on an urban agglomeration regional planning in the latest five-year plan, balanced urban agglomeration regional net carbon emissions and economic development space, this paper developed a net carbon emissions index system. On this basis, the minimum of regional urban agglomeration net carbon emissions as the optimized object, selected two indicators of carbon intensity, energy intensity that were required by the regional planning, this paper developed an optimal model of low-carbon urban agglomeration on the base of sustainable development of economy, society and environment, analyzed and studied the consumption of different fossil fuels, biomass energy and the carbon sinks area of agricultural land in the end of 12th Five-Year Plan, provided more decision-making space for the sustainable development of low-carbon urban agglomeration.
Case Study of Voltage Sag in Customer Substation
Authors: Lv Zhi Sheng , Tan Meng
Published: December 2012

This paper presents the main results of a work aimed at resolving voltage sags in customer substation, by measuring and analyzing the power quality problem. The work is based on a power quality monitoring system built in the customer substation. A large number of power quality events are recorded to pick up the voltage sag performance, the voltage sag characteristics and the number of sags issummarized. SARFI-curve method according to IEEE P1546 is used to analyze the sag influence on customer’s sensitive electrical equipment. Combined with the specific situation, a set of solution to voltage sag problem is proposed to improve power conditioning for sensitive loads and reduce economy losses.
The Application of Heterogeneous Integrated Network and Security Mechanism Research in High Voltage Transmission Line Monitoring System
Authors: Zhang Shu Hao , Gong Gang Jun , Ni Xiang Ping , Zhang Ya Di , Fang Xi
Published: December 2012

In order to meet the requirement of high voltage transmission lines monitoring system, this paper presents a heterogeneous integrated network which contains Optical Ethernet, broadband wireless communication networks and wireless sensor networks in high voltage transmission line monitoring system. Moreover, considering the characteristics of the heterogeneous integrated communication network and analyzing the features of service security mechanism in communication network, this paper proposes an authentication and encryption security system, which has certain value in the authentication and encryption aspects to electric power system communication.
Partial Discharge DOA Estimation Based on Ultrasonic Array Sensor and Genetic MUSIC
Authors: Ji Wei , Xie Qing , Wang Cheng Qiang , Hou Shan Shan , Lv Fang Cheng
Published: December 2012

The partial discharge direction of arrival (DOA) estimation based on ultrasonic array sensor is the basic of partial discharge’s accurate positioning. The precision and searching success rate of traditional MUSIC direction finding algorithm is low. So this paper presented a new method based on ultrasonic array sensor and genetic MUSIC algorithm in partial discharge DOA estimation. The genetic MUSIC algorithm constructed fitness function by spatial spectrum estimation formula, searched the spectral peak of azimuth based on the idea of genetic iterative searching in order to obtain the global optimal solution. This paper carried out a large number of simulation experiments through the establishment of signal model and array model, then used three indicators of searching precision, searching success rate and searching time as the basis, to compare the direction finding results of classical MUSIC and genetic MUSIC. The results show that the optimization precision and searching success rate based on the genetic MUSIC algorithm is improved greatly, can obtain higher accuracy of partial discharge DOA angle.