bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDI KOMPARASI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA MATA PELAJARAN IPS ANTARA YANG DIAJARKAN DENGAN GAYA MENGAJAR EKSPOSITORI DAN CERAMAH PADA KELAS VIII SMPN 6 SEMARANG
Authors: Mukti Amir , Purnomo Arif , Ginanjar Asep
Published: February 2022

IPS not just learning the process of interaction between educators and learners with learning resources in a certain environment, with ekspositori learning strategies teachers were able to control the sequence and extent of learning material, he can know the extent to which students master learning materials delivered. Through the learning strategy ekspositori in addition to the students can be heard through the utterance of a learning material, also at once students can see or observing (through the implementation of the demonstration). Obstacles faced by IPS teacher at SMP 6 Semarang is the presumption IPS in the lessons students are always related to memorize and write so much. This resulted in students are not motivated to focus during the following lesson IPS. Although for most students still consider the lessons of IPS is the preferred lesson.

 

Pembelajaran IPS bukan sekedar proses interaksi antara peserta didik dengan pendidik dan sumber belajar dalam lingkungan tertentu, Dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori guru mampu mengontrol urutan dan keluasan materi pembelajaran, ia dapat mengetahui sampai sejauh mana siswa menguasai bahan pembelajaran yang disampaikan. Melalui strategi pembelajaran ekspositori selain siswa dapat mendengar melalui penuturan tentang suatu materi pembelajaran, juga sekaligus siswa bisa melihat atau mengobservasi (melalui pelaksanaan demonstrasi).Kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru IPS di SMPN 6 Semarang ialah anggapan para siswa dalam pelajaran IPS selalu berkaitan dengan menghafal dan menulis yang begitu banyak. Hal ini yang mengakibatkan siswa tidak termotivasi untuk fokus selama mengikuti pelajaran IPS. Walaupun bagi sebagian siswa masih banyak yang menganggap pelajaran IPS merupakan pelajaran yang disukai.
EFEKTIVITAS METODE SOSIODRAMA MATA PELAJARAN IPS KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 13 SEMARANG
Authors: Susanti Febri , . Tukidi , Putri Noviani Achmad
Published: February 2022

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of sociodrama learning methods, the activities of learners, the response of learners, and the learning outcomes of learners after using the method of sociodrama learning IPS material changes in Indonesian society in the period of colonialism and the growth of nationality spirit. This research type is pre experiment with research design one group pre test post test. The population of this research is all students of class VIII SMP Negeri 13 Semarang. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, observations, tests, documentation. The result of the research shows: (1) effective sociodrama method used with effectiveness level 82,35% in very good criterion, (2) student activity in sociodrama learning included in good category with score 884, (3) student response in good category with score 63,91 and (4) learners' learning result increase, initially only 7 students reaching KKM value with average score 58,6 to 34 students reach KKM value with average value 87,06.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan metode pembelajaran sosiodrama, aktivitas peserta didik, respon peserta didik, dan hasil belajar peserta didik setelah menggunakan metode sosiodrama pada pembelajaran IPS materi Perubahan Masyarakat Indonesia pada Masa Penjajahan dan Tumbuhnya Semangat Kebangsaan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pre test post test. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 13 Semarang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, observasi, tes, dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) metode sosiodrama efektif digunakan dengan tingkat efektivitas 82,35% dalam kriteria sangat baik, (2) aktivitas peserta didik dalam pembelajaran sosiodrama termasuk dalam kategori baik dengan skor 884, (3) respon peserta didik dalam kategori baik dengan skor 63,91 dan (4) hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat, awalnya hanya 7 peserta didik yang mencapai nilai KKM dengan rata-rata nilai 58,6 menjadi 34 peserta didik mencapai nilai KKM dengan rata-rata nilai 87,06.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI SMP NEGERI 34 SEMARANG
Authors: Pratiti Nolix , Purnomo Arif , Hermanto Fredy
Published: February 2022

Character education is highly emphasized in the education practice at schools as a major step in dealing with students' moral degradation and 21st-century challenges. The purpose of research is to know the planning, implementation, and evaluation phases conducted by social science teachers to implement character education. This research using descriptive qualitative study by setting the location of research at SMPN 34 Semarang. The results showed that: (1) Planning includes the teachersâ€™ understanding of the importance of character education; the selection of character values adapted to the Basic Competence and the studentsâ€™ conditions; and the inclusion of character values in learning media, (2) implementation of learning at the introduction stage is by warming up the students; the core stage is by using lecture method, discussion, role model by teacher, and reward punishment; (3) evaluation by the teacher to assess the studentsâ€™ characters is by observation and written in attitude evaluation journal.

 

Pendidikan karakter sangat ditekankan dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan di sekolah sebagai langkah utama dalam menghadapi degradasi moral pelajar dan tantangan abad 21. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi yang dilakukan guru IPS untuk mengimplementasikan pendidikan karakter. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan mengambil lokasi penelitian di SMP Negeri 34 Semarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perencanaan meliputi pemahaman guru tentang pentingnya pendidikan karakter; pemilihan nilai karakter yang disesuaikan dengan Kompetensi Dasar dan kondisi peserta didik; serta mencantumkan nilai karakter dalam perangkat pembelajaran, (2) pelaksanaan pembelajaran tahap pendahuluan dengan mengkondisikan peserta didik; tahap inti dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi, keteladanan guru, dan pemberian reward punishment; (3)evaluasi dilakukan guru IPS untuk menilai karakter peserta didik dengan pengamatan yang kemudian ditulis di jurnal penilaian sikap.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN IPS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TUTOR SEBAYA PLUS PADA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 7 SEMARANG
Authors: FAJRIN FITROTUL , Salam Rudi
Published: February 2022

The 2013 curriculum makes students the center of learning, but there are still many teachers becoming the center of learning in the classroom. Students have difficulty in studying social studies because they tend to feel bored, bored, and like listening to stories when the teacher explains. While students who catch lessons quickly, are lazy to share with their friends, for fear of competition. Researchers provide a peer tutoring learning model plus in learning social studies subjects. The experimental method used in this study is a quasi-experimental method. This design uses two groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Based on the analysis of peer tutoring learning models plus effective on social studies results of VIII grade students of SMP Negeri 7 Semarang with the indicators achieved as follows. (1) The ability of the teacher in managing social studies learning for the experimental class gets very good criteria with the number of points 73 while for the control class gets the number of pont 58. (2) The activity of students in social studies learning for the experimental class gets very active criteria with a number of 97% while for the control class to get the amount of 12.5%. (3) The average posttest score of the control class (8G) was 80.66 and the experimental class (8F) was 87.92. (4) Positive responses of students in social studies learning for the experimental class get very active criteria with a total of 94% while for the control class get a total of 56%.

Kurikulum 2013 menjadikan peserta didik sebagai pusat pembelajaran, akan tetapi masih banyak guru menjadi pusat pembelajaran dikelas. Peneliti memberikan model pembelajaran tutor sebaya plus dalam pembelajaran mata pelajaran IPS. Metode eksperimen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen semu. Desain ini menggunakan dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Berdasarkan analisis model pembelajaran tutor sebaya plus efektif terhadap hasil IPS peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Semarang dengan indikator yang dicapai sabagai berikut. (1) Kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran IPS untuk kelas eksperimen mendapat kriteria sangat baik dengan jumlah poin 73 sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol mendapatkan jumlah pont 58. (2) Aktivitas peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS untuk kelas eksperimen mendapat kriteria sangat aktif dengan jumlah 97 % sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol mendapatkan jumlah 12,5% . (3) Nilai rata-rata posttest kelas kontrol (8G) sebesar 80,66 dan kelas eksperimen (8F) sebesar 87,92. (4) Respon positif peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS untuk kelas eksperimen mendapat kriteria sangat aktif dengan jumlah 94 % sedangkan untuk kelas kontrol mendapatkan jumlah 56%.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMANFAATAN POSTER CANDI NGEMPON SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR IPS DI SMP NEGERI 1 BERGAS
Authors: Unnes Safitri , Salam Rudi
Published: February 2022

This research is a research that aims to determine the level of effectiveness of the use of Ngempon Temple posters as a learning source of social science studies in SMP Negeri 1 Bergas. The method in this study is quantitative. The results of this study is that using Ngempon Temple posters as a learning sources of social science studies can be implemented effectively, by the results of students learning activities are about 9.67% are included in the sufficient criteria, 61.29% are included in the high criteria, and 29.03% are included in the very high category. The outcomes of studentsâ€™ cognitive learning are high after the researcher gives a treatment, which is there are 15 students who can obtain the score of Minimum completeness criteria (KKM). The analysis of the students responses also classified in high criteria, namely 16.12% are very good, 74.19% are good, and only 9.67% are included in the sufficient criteria.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keefektifan pemanfaatan poster Candi Ngempon sebagai sumber belajar IPS di SMP Negeri 1 Bergas. Metode dalam penelitian ini yakni kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pemanfaatan poster Candi Ngempon sebagai sumber belajar IPS efektif diterapkan, dengan hasil aktivitas belajar peserta didik yaitu sebanyak 9,67 % termasuk dalam kriteria cukup, 61,29% termasuk dalam kriteria tinggi, dan 29,03% dalam kategori sangat tinggi. Hasil belajar kognitif peserta didik tinggi setelah diberikan treatment, yakni 15 peserta didik mampu mencapai nilai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM). Serta respon peserta didik yang tergolong tinggi,yaitu dengan hasil analisis respon peserta didik sebanyak 16,12% sangat baik, 74,19% baik dan hanya 9,67% yang termasuk dalam kriteria cukup.
SIKAP DAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DALAM MENERIMA KEBUDAYAAN BARU PADA MASYARAKAT PESISIR KECAMATAN AYAH KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Wulandari Erfina Ayu , Purnomo Arif , Hermanto Fredy
Published: February 2022

Coastal societies are defined as the unity of collective social people living in coastal areas. Coastal societies are still very thick with their culture. As time goes by, the times are growing so that lead to the development of new cultures, including the new culture in coastal societies. The attitudes of the coastal societies towards the new culture are to accept the new culture, but the coastal societies also reject new cultures that are deemed incompatible with the culture that already exist in coastal societies. The social skills of coastal societies towards a new culture are to keep upholding existing cultural values. So that, even though a new culture develops in coastal societies, coastal communities still keep upholding existing cultural values inherited from generation to generation.

 

Ayah District is one of the districts in Kebumen Regency. Ayah District is one of the districts whose southernmost border is the Indian Ocean. So that, some of the people in Ayah District are coastal societies. Ayah culture is very diverse, ranging from language, knowledge systems, social organizations, living equipment systems and technology, living systems, religious systems and arts are still very thick with old culture. As time goes by, the times are growing so that lead to the development of new cultures, including the new culture of coastal societies in Ayah District. The purpose of this study was to find out how the attitudes and social skills of coastal societies in the Ayah District towards the existence of a new culture that is increasingly developing.

The research method applied in this study is a qualitative method. The source of data in this study is the coastal society of the Ayah District considered and trusted to know the problem to be studied. Informants in this research are Village Heads, Community Leaders and Fishermen. Data collection techniques applied by using observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis applied was interactive model analysis.

Masyarakat pesisir didefinisikan sebagai kesatuan sosial kolektif masyarakat yang hidup di kawasan pesisir. Masyarakat pesisir masih sangat kental dengan kebudayaannya. Semakin berkembangnya zaman semakin berkembang pula kebudayaan baru, begitu juga dengan kebudayaan baru di masyarakat pesisir. Sikap masyarakat pesisir terhadap kebudayaan baru yaitu menerima kebudayaan baru tersebut, tetapi masyarakat pesisir juga menolak kebudayaan baru yang dianggap tidak sesuai dengan kebudayaan yang sudah ada pada masyarakat pesisir. Keterampilan sosial masyarakat pesisir terhadap kebudayaan baru yaitu tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kebudayaan yang sudah ada. Sehingga meskipun kebudayaan baru berkembang di masyarakat pesisir, tetapi masyarakat pesisir tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai kebudayaan yang sudah ada yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH MUHAMMADIYAH SRUMBUNG KABUPATEN MAGELANG
Authors: Suryaningsih Putri , Salam Rudi
Published: February 2022

MTs Muhammadiyah Srumbung is a school with strong Islamic teachings. Character education is delivered through two stages, namely the classroom culture and the culture of the school environment. This article aims to 1) Know the implementation of character education in social studies learning, 2) Know the students' responses to the implementation of character education in social studies learning, 3) Know the inhibiting and supporting factors for the implementation of character education in social studies learning. The results of the study found that 1) Implementation of character education in social studies learning through classroom culture and school environment. Class culture goes through the planning, learning and evaluation process, while school culture is through habituation and extracurricular activities in schools, 2) The response of students to the implementation of character education is positive, 3) The inhibiting and supporting factors are school (teachers and students), parents and the environment.

MTs Muhammadiyah Srumbung is a school with strong Islamic teachings. Character education is delivered through two stages, namely the classroom culture and the culture of the school environment. This article aims to 1) Know the implementation of character education in social studies learning, 2) Know the students' responses to the implementation of character education in social studies learning, 3) Know the inhibiting and supporting factors for the implementation of character education in social studies learning. The results of the study found that 1) Implementation of character education in social studies learning through classroom culture and school environment. Class culture goes through the planning, learning and evaluation process, while school culture is through habituation and extracurricular activities in schools, 2) The response of students to the implementation of character education is positive, 3) The inhibiting and supporting factors are school (teachers and students ), parents and the environment.
PERANAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN DALAM JARINGAN DI SMP N 2 CEPIRING KENDAL
Authors: Sari Tri Wulan , Hermanto Fredy
Published: February 2022

The aim of the research of this study was to determine the pedagogical competence of social studies teachers and student learning activeness in the social studies learning process and social studies teacher schools through online learning at SMP N 2 Cepiring Kendal. The results showed that the social studies teacher at SMP N 2 Cepiring Kendal has an important role in student learning activeness by continuing to implement the pedagogical components of the teacher that they must have, including the ability to master student material, the ability to master learning theory, the ability to develop curriculum theory, master potential abilities. learners, and take advantage of information and communication technology. The activeness of students in the learning process can be seen from the ability of students to capture learning material which can be seen from various things such as listening, discussing, and expressing opinions during the teaching and learning process.

Tujuan dilaksankannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kompetensi pedagogik guru IPS dan keaktifan belajar siswa dalam proses pembelajaran IPS dan kendala guru IPS mengajarkan materi melalui pembelajaran dalam jaringan di SMP N 2 Cepiring Kendal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru Guru IPS di SMP N 2 Cepiring Kendal memiliki peranan penting dalam keaktifan belajar siswa dengan tetap melaksanakan komponen pedagogik guru yang harus dimilikinya, antara lain kemampuan menguasai karakteristik siswa, kemampuan menguasai teori belajar, kemampuan mengembangkan teori kurikulum, kemampuan menguasai potensi peserta didik, dan kemampuan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dapat dilihat dari kemampuan siswa dalam menangkap materi pembelajaran yang dapat dilihat dari berbagai hal seperti menyimak, berdiskusi, dan mengutarakan pendapat selama proses belajar mengajar.
ANALISIS BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN IPS KELAS VII KURIKULUM 2013 DI SMP SEKECAMATAN NGARGOYOSO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Agustina Resa , Purnomo Arif
Published: February 2022

Buku teks merupakan salah satu sumber belajar yang penting, sehingga dapat mendukung tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran. Setiap mata pelajaran setidaknya memerlukan minimal satu buku teks yang relevan dan berkualitas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengembangan materi dan alat evaluasi yang dikembangkan pada buku teks pelajaran IPS yang digunakan di SMP Sekecamatan Ngargoyoso serta tanggapan guru terhadap buku teks yang mereka gunakan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku yang digunakan di SMP Negeri 1 Ngargoyoso dan SMP Negeri 2 Ngargoyoso masih menggunakan buku teks pelajaran IPS revisi tahun 2016, tetapi dari segi pengembangan materi masih relevan dengan KI dan KD terbaru, yaitu Permendikbud No. 37 Tahun 2018. Alat evaluasi yang digunakan pada kedua buku, yaitu pada ranah kognitif dan ranah psikomotorik. Soal-soal kognitif yang disajikan pada level medium. Serta tanggapan guru terhadap buku teks yang mereka gunakan menunjukkan bahwa buku teks mampu membantu peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran IPS dari segi materi, tingkat kesulitan soal, dan materi yang disajikan masih relevan dengan lingkungan peserta didik`. 

Textbooks are one of the important learning resources, so they can support the achievement of learning objectives. Each subject requires at least one relevant and quality textbook. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of materials and evaluation tools developed in the social studies textbooks used in SMP Sekecamatan Ngargoyoso and teachers responses to the textbooks they used. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Collecting datausing interview methods and study documentation. The results show that the books used in SMP Negeri 1 Ngargoyoso and SMP Negeri 2 Ngargoyoso still use the revised social studies textbooks in 2016, but in terms of material development, they are still relevant to the latest KI dan KD, namely Permendikbud number 37 of 2018. The evaluation tools used in the medium level. And the teacher’s response to the texts they use shows that the textbooks are able to help students ini the social studies learning process in terms of the material, the level of difficulty of the questions, and the material presented is still relevant to the students environment.
Inflammatory biomarkers in the evaluation of pediatric endogenous Cushing syndrome
Authors: Wurth Rachel , Rescigno Megan , Flippo Chelsi , Stratakis Constantine A , Tatsi Christina
Published: February 2022

Objective

Inflammatory biomarkers, such as absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet (PLT)-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), are associated with the progression and development of several disorders. Although patients with Cushing syndrome (CS) have immunosuppression with altered leucocyte counts, the profile of the inflammatory biomarkers in these patients has not been extensively studied.

Design

We compared a panel of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with active endogenous CS (n of complete blood count (CBC) reports = 319) and eucortisolemic subjects of similar age, gender and BMI (n of CBC reports = 93). Patients were divided into two age groups (6–12 years at the time of CBC and >12 years at the time of CBC) based on age differences in normal reference ranges.

Results

Patients with CS had higher NLR vs controls (6–12 years: 2.47 (1.86, 3.32) vs 1.35 (1.11, 2.27), P  < 0.0001; >12 years: 3.00 (2.23–4.17) vs 1.80 (1.23–2.31), P  < 0.0001). Similarly, absolute neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, MLR and PLR differed between patients with CS and controls. The inflammatory biomarkers correlated with indices of cortisol secretion, such as midnight serum cortisol, 24-h urinary free cortisol and morning cortisol. On receiver operating characteristic analysis, NLR showed high area under the curve (AUC) (6–12 years: cutoff of 1.72 had AUC: 0.77, >12 years: cutoff of 2.35 had AUC: 0.81).

Conclusions

We conclude that multiple inflammatory biomarkers differed between patients with CS and controls suggesting substantial effects of hypercortisolemia on the immune system.
Prognostic significance of hyperammonemia in neuroendocrine neoplasm patients with liver metastases
Authors: Refardt Julie , den Hoed Caroline M , Langendonk Janneke , Zandee Wouter T , Charehbili Ayoub , Feelders Richard A , de Herder Wouter W , Brabander Tessa , Hofland Johannes
Published: February 2022

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare, usually slow-growing tumors, often presenting with extensive liver metastases. Hyperammonemia due to insufficient hepatic clearance has been described in NEN cases; however, no systematic evaluation of risk factors and outcomes of NEN-associated hyperammonemia exists so far. This case report and retrospective review of NEN patients developing hyperammonemia from the years 2000 to 2020 at the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, aimed to describe these patients and determine prognostic factors to improve evaluation and treatment. Forty-four NEN patients with documented hyperammonemia were identified. All patients had liver metastases with 30% (n = 13) showing signs of portal hypertension. Patients who developed encephalopathy had higher median ammonia levels, but there was no association between the severity of hyperammonemia and liver tumor burden or presence of liver insufficiency. Eighty-four percent (n = 37) of patients died during follow-up. The median (IQR) time from diagnosis of hyperammonemia to death was 1.7 months (0.1–22.7). Hyperbilirubinemia, hypoalbuminemia, elevated international normalized ratio, presence of liver insufficiency, encephalopathy and ascites were associated with worse outcomes. Their role as independent risk factors for mortality was confirmed using the Child–Pugh score as a summary factor (P  < 0.001). No difference was seen concerning overall survival between our hyperammonemia patients and a propensity score-matched control stage IV NEN cohort. In conclusion, hyperammonemia comprises a relevant and potentially underdiagnosed complication of NEN liver metastases and is associated with worse outcomes. Assessment of signs of encephalopathy, risk factors and the Child–Pugh score could be helpful in selecting patients in whom ammonia levels should be measured.
Head/neck paragangliomas: focus on tumor location, mutational status and plasma methoxytyramine
Authors: Richter Susan , Qiu Bei , Ghering Mirthe , Kunath Carola , Constantinescu Georgiana , Luths Charlotte , Pamporaki Christina , Bechmann Nicole , Meuter Leah , Kwapiszewska Aleksandra , Deutschbein Timo , Nölting Svenja , Peitzsch Mirko , Robledo Mercedes , Prejbisz Aleksander , Pacak Karel , Gudziol Volker , Timmers Henri J L M , Eisenhofer Graeme
Published: February 2022

Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) are tumors of parasympathetic origin that occur at variable locations and are often secondary to germline mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit genes. Occasionally, these tumors produce catecholamines. Here, we assessed whether different locations of HNPGLs relate to the presence of SDHx mutations, catecholamine production and other presentations. In this multicenter study, we collected clinical and biochemical data from 244 patients with HNPGLs and 71 patients without HNPGLs. We clarified that jugulotympanic HNPGLs have distinct features. In particular, 88% of jugulotympanic HNPGLs arose in women, among whom only 24% occurred due to SDHx mutations compared to 55% in men. Jugulotympanic HNPGLs were also rarely bilateral, were of a smaller size and were less often metastatic compared to carotid body and vagal HNPGLs. Furthermore, we showed that plasma concentrations of methoxytyramine (MTY) were higher (P  < 0.0001) in patients with HNPGL than without HNPGL, whereas plasma normetanephrine did not differ. Only 3.7% of patients showed strong increases in plasma normetanephrine. Plasma MTY was positively related to tumor size but did not relate to the presence of SDHx mutations or tumor location. Our findings confirm that increases in plasma MTY represent the main catecholamine-related biochemical feature of patients with HNPGLs. We expect that more sensitive analytical methods will make biochemical testing of HNPGLs more practical in the future and enable more than the current 30% of patients to be identified with dopamine-producing HNPGLs. The sex-dependent differences in the development of HNPGLs may have relevance to the diagnosis, management and outcomes of these tumors.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ ЗАСОБУ ДЛЯ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ КОГНІТИВНИХ ФУНКЦІЙ ТА ЗНИЖЕННЯ РІВНЯ ГОМОЦИСТЕЇНУ
Authors: Романюк Світлана , Тихоненко Тетяна , Сіромолот Андрій , Гузик Михайло , Луговська Наталія , Галкін Олександр , Кучмеровська Тамара , Колибо Денис , Комісаренко Сергій
Published: February 2022

Вступ. Гіпергомоцистеїнемія є небезпечним метаболічним порушенням, що призводить до виникнення низки захворювань.Проблематика. Нагальним завданням є розроблення препаратів, які здатні знижувати рівень гомоцистеїну, не спричиняючи побічних ефектів.Мета. Розробити дієтичну добавку, що при мінімальному вмісті компонентів, які здатні викликати побічні реакції, знижує рівень гомоцистеїну; а також дослідити, чи впливає розроблена добавка на когнітивні здібності тварин, та впровадити її у виробництво.Матеріали й методи. До складу розробленої дієтичної добавки «Альфакогнітин» включено вітаміни В6, В9, В12, С і холін. Моделювання експериментальної гіпергомоцистенемії у щурів проводили шляхом утримання тварин наL-метіоніновій дієті. Вміст гомоцистеїну у крові визначали за допомогою іонообмінної рідинно-колонної хроматографії з використанням автоматичного аналізатору амінокислот. Поведінкові реакції та когнітивні здібності щурів досліджували за допомогою поведінкових тестів «Відкрите поле», «Електрична стимуляція кінцівки» і «Соціальнавзаємодія». Роботи щодо впровадження у виробництво виконано за участі компанії ТОВ «Нутрімед» (Київ).Результати. Показано, що у тварин із гіпергомоцистеїнемією «Альфакогнітин» знижував рівень гомоцистеїну, підвищував когнітивні здібності, ефективність соціальної взаємодії та комунікабельність, а також нормалізував функціональні порушення пам’яті та здатності до навчання. Затверджено технічні умови виробництва дієтичної добавки,відпрацьовано пілотну технологію отримання її капсульованої форми та виготовлено дослідну партію.Висновки. «Альфакогнітин» може знижувати рівень гомоцистеїну, що дозволяє використовувати його з метою нормалізації функціонального стану серцево-судинної та нервової систем за гіпергомоцистеїнемії, а також для покращення когнітивних функцій, зокрема після захворювання на COVID-19.
Orfandad, fragmentación y destrucción en un infierno terrenal: el triunfo del mal en el filme Satanás de Andrés Baiz
Authors: Tunjano Bautista Daniela Alexandra
Published: February 2022

En este documento se presenta un abordaje analítico del largometraje colombo-mexicano Satanás (Guerrero y Baiz, 2007)1. Con base en la propuesta teórica y metodológica del académico español Jesús González Requena, se desarrollan algunos conceptos y procedimientos de la teoría del texto y el análisis textual (González, 1996b, 2007, 2008, 2015, 2015a) pertinentes para la elaboración de una ruta metodológica que permita realizar una reflexión en torno a la experiencia estética del espectador a través de los tres registros del texto: semiótico, imaginario y real. Con el propósito de develar el tipo de experiencia que ofrece este filme, he seleccionado algunas secuencias que dan cuenta del punto de ignición, es decir, el lugar donde estalla el texto causando una afectación en el espectador. A partir del deletreo de los fotogramas, pretendo desarrollar algunos elementos y mecanismos fundamentales que, desde lo audiovisual y lo narrativo, dan cuenta de una lectura textual del filme seleccionado.
“Meu corpo, minhas regras”
Authors: Silva Josinaldo Monteiro da , Aguiar Ewerton Marinho de , Miranda Joseval dos Reis
Published: February 2022

Os Direitos Humanos constituem-se em um conjunto de direitos fundamentais básicos que servem para proteger e assegurar a dignidade da pessoa humana, fundamentado nos princípios da liberdade, justiça, equidade e paz social. Dentro dessa perspectiva, este trabalho tem como objetivos discutir e refletir sobre os Direitos Sexuais como parte dos Direitos Humanos e a luta do movimento LGBTQIA+ para garantir direitos igualitários, as diferentes expressões da sexualidade e a (re)construção de identidades. Para tanto, fundamentamos nosso estudo nas reflexões de Furlani (2016), Valadares e Almeida (2018), Facchini (2005), Green et al. (2018), entre outros(as), de maneira que possamos identificar alguns avanços, retrocessos e compreender a importância de tais direitos na promoção do respeito às diferenças e convívio harmônico entre os sujeitos. O caminho metodológico para a elaboração do artigo partiu da inspiração vinda da reflexividade da experiência como docentes, pesquisadores(as) e estudantes (LARROSA, 2011). Vale enaltecer que este trabalho se justifica pela urgente necessidade de pensarmos sobre as conjunturas governamentais da atualidade que tencionam invisibilizar aqueles(as) que expressam identidades de gênero e orientações afetivossexuais que diferem do padrão binário heterossexista hegemônico. Assim, desejamos que esse estudo possa contribuir, a partir das suas ponderações, para possíveis mudanças no comportamento dos indivíduos, levando-os a ampliar suas percepções acerca das diferenças e, possivelmente, lutar contra qualquer tipo de violência que afete à dignidade da pessoa humana.
QUEUEING SYSTEMS WITH TIME LAG
Authors: Tarasov V. N. , Bakhareva N. F.
Published: February 2022

Context. In the queuing theory of a research of the G/G/1 systems are relevant because it is impossible to receive decisions for the average waiting time in queue in a final form in case of arbitrary laws of distributions of an input flow and service time. Therefore, the study of such systems for particular cases of input distributions is important. The problem of deriving solutions for the average waiting time in a queue in closed form for systems with distributions shifted to the right from the zero point is considered.

Objective. Getting solutions for the main characteristics of the systems – the average waiting time of requirements in the queue for queuing systems (QS) of type G/G/1 with shifted input distributions.

Methods. To solve this problem, we used the classical method of spectral decomposition of the solution of the Lindley integral equation. This method allows to obtaining a solution for the average waiting time for the systems under consideration in a closed form. The method of spectral decomposition of the solution of the Lindley integral equation plays an important role in the theory of systems G/G/1. For the practical application of the results obtained, the well-known method of moments of probability theory is used.

Results. For the first time, spectral expansions are obtained for the solution of the Lindley integral equation for systems with delay, which are used to derive formulas for the average waiting time in a queue in closed form. The paper presents the final studies for the remaining eight delay systems.

Conclusions. It is shown that in systems with delay, the average waiting time is less than in in the usual systems. The obtained formula for the average waiting time expands and complements the well-known queuing theory incomplete formula for the average waiting time for G/G/1 systems. This approach allows us to calculate the average latency for these systems in mathematical packages for a wide range of traffic parameters. In addition to the average waiting time, such an approach makes it possible to determine also moments of higher orders of waiting time. Given the fact that the packet delay variation (jitter) in telecommunications is defined as the spread of the waiting time from its average value, the jitter can be determined through the variance of the waiting time.
Механізми регулювання підприємницької діяльності суб’єктів національної економіки на основі трансформаційних змін в сучасних ринкових умовах
Authors: Купріна Н. М.
Published: February 2022

Стаття присвячена дослідженню напрямів регулювання підприємницької діяльності такого ва-жливого суб’єкту національної економіки, як харчова промисловість, через застосування механізмустратегічної реструктуризації, яка враховує фактори впливу всього спектру глобалізаційних процесівта агресивних змін зовнішнього середовища на національну економіку. Обґрунтовано, що для забез-печення конкурентоспроможності та ефективності функціонування суб’єктів національної економікиУкраїни, необхідним є механізм застосування стратегічної реструктуризації на підставі дії принципуімпаритету. Розроблено концепцію імпаритетної реструктуризації суб’єктів харчової промисловостіУкраїни на базі системи принципів, головним з яких є принцип імпаритету (нерівність, захист від нега-тивного впливу дії всього спектру екзогенних і ендогенних факторів), відповідно до макроцілей, які за-безпечують вирішення загальнодержавних завдань економічного розвитку країни (економічна і про-довольча безпека, конкурентоспроможність національної економіки).
O desenvolvimento da indústria bélica no Brasil e seu processo de Spin-Off
Authors: FONSECA JOSÉ WLADIMIR FREITAS DA
Published: February 2022

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a cisão na indústria militar brasileira. Dois pontos importantes podem ser observados na literatura existente: primeiro, a verificação de que a cisão não ocorreu no caso brasileiro; e segundo, o número limitado de estudos de caso sobre esse assunto. Este artigo, que se baseia em grande parte no trabalho anterior do autor, argumenta que houve transferência de tecnologia da indústria militar brasileira para a indústria automobilística. Considerando o desenvolvimento da indústria militar brasileira, é possível identificar quatro fatores responsáveis pela promoção do spin-off: a origem da tecnologia; a maneira pela qual o desenvolvimento dessa tecnologia ocorre; a relação entre os setores militar e civil envolvidos na transferência de tecnologia; e finalmente a mobilização industrial.
Análise da concordância entre as informações reportadas pelas mães e dos cartões de vacina das crianças no Brasil (2013 e 2015)
Authors: Andrade Mônica Viegas , Noronha Kenya , Cardoso Clareci Silva , Oliveira Cláudia Di Lorenzo , Calazans Júlia Almeida , Souza Michelle Nepomuceno
Published: February 2022

Resumo Introdução Este trabalho discute a possibilidade de utilização de informações sobre a vacinação infantil reportada pelas mães em inquéritos domiciliares para a construção de indicadores de cobertura vacinal no Brasil. Objetivo Avaliar o potencial das informações declaradas pelas mães sobre a imunização das crianças em inquéritos domiciliares como uma fonte para o cálculo do indicador de cobertura vacinal. Método Analisaram-se os indicadores de confiabilidade (precisão) e validade (concordância) entre as informações disponíveis nos cartões de vacina das crianças menores de 2 anos e as informações reportadas pelas mães em pesquisas domiciliares realizadas nos anos de 2013 e 2015 no município de Santo Antônio do Monte, Minas Gerais. Resultados O principal resultado mostra que, em um contexto de alta cobertura, as mães tendiam a informar sobre a vacinação de seus filhos de forma aleatória, ou seja, informações reportadas pelas mães apresentavam baixa validade. Conclusão Embora a coleta de informações dos cartões de vacina das crianças seja um procedimento mais custoso, essa é a forma mais adequada e confiável de se mensurar a cobertura vacinal no contexto brasileiro.
Determinação de características mecânicas de folhas de papel utilizando a técnica de tomografia por coerência óptica, e suas aplicações na área forense
Authors: Ribeiro Lucas A. S. , Negrini Neto O. , de Freitas Anderson Zanardi
Published: February 2022

Apresentamos nesse trabalho, uma metodologia para avaliar a pressão de punho durante o processo de escrita manual. Utilizando a tomografia por coerência óptica, foi possível determinar a deformação sofrida pelo papel durante o processo de escrita manual. Foi realizada uma calibração da deformação sofrida pelo papel em função da pressão exercida pela caneta, tornando possível determinar vários parâmetros de interesse, como por exemplo, o raio da esfera da ponta da caneta R = 488 ± 2 μ m, o coeficiente de Poisson ν = 0,30 ± 0,02 e o módulo de Young efetivo do papel sulfite 75 g/m2. Para tal, desenvolvemos um método de determinação do módulo de Hooke para uma mola, com a qual construímos um dispositivo para aplicação de uma força conhecida a uma caneta esferográfica durante o processo de escrita manual. Realizamos também o estudo em função do tipo de substrato, sendo que cinco voluntários tentaram copiar a mesma assinatura em quatro tipos diferentes de papel. Com o auxílio da técnica de tomografia por coerência óptica demonstramos que é possível diferenciar a autoria de uma assinatura também pela profundidade da deformação no papel. O procedimento experimental tornou possível ainda determinar o coeficiente de Poisson e determinar o Módulo de Young efetivo do papel.
Desinstitucionalização e Renovação no Ensino Superior
Authors: McCowan Tristan
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Apesar de alguma heterogeneidade superficial, as instituições de ensino superior do mundo inteiro compartilham algumas estruturas centrais. De acordo com críticos como Ivan Illich, a ossificação destas formas institucionais terminou empobrecendo as práticas que originalmente pretendiam apoiar. Este artigo avalia as bases para essas afirmativas e a construção associada de alternativas. Identifica três aspectos significativos da instituição: portas de entrada – os controles sobre as admissões à universidade; funções – as diferenciações entre estudantes, docentes e outros atores; e carimbos – os processos e os artefatos de validação da aprendizagem e do conhecimento adquirido pelo estudante. Estes três aspectos se apresentam em diferentes formas, níveis de rigidez e pontos de controle, tendo impactos dúbios sobre a igualdade e a justiça social e sobre o propósito central da universidade de promover a compreensão humana. São apresentadas implicações para o futuro da universidade e para as atuais iniciativas que estão tentando subverter estas estruturas e criar modelos alternativos.
Hacia un Vínculo Decolonial Universidad-Escuela: problematizando nuestras microprácticas coloniales mediante cuidado epistémico
Authors: González Paulina Bravo , Ruz Felipe Acuña , González-Weil Corina , Aguilar Roberto Morales , Guerra Nina Ibaceta , Urzúa Bárbara González
Published: February 2022

RESUMEN Un principio del pensamiento abismal es que el conocimiento científico no se distribuye equitativamente. La relación universidad-escuela puede leerse bajo este principio donde existe un sujeto de conocimiento, el saber académico y un objeto de conocimiento, el saber docente-escolar. Más específicamente, conectamos el problema de la (de)colonialidad del poder y el saber con la educación en ciencias a través de un trabajo de cuidado epistémico. Se presenta el caso de CIDSTEM-PUCV como un centro experimental que desafía el rol tradicional de la investigación para incluir la diversidad epistémica y cultural que existe en escuelas y sus comunidades. Reflexionamos sobre los desafíos de una educación científica decolonial y latina capaz de reconocer la pluralidad de saberes con que se relaciona.
O Brasil Respeita o Direito dos Povos Indígenas à Educação Superior? Demanda, oferta e ensaios alternativos em São Gabriel da Cachoeira/AM
Authors: Pellegrini Diana de Paula , Ghanem Elie , Góes Neto Antônio Fernandes
Published: February 2022

RESUMO Abordamos a reivindicação indígena por educação superior no Brasil, um direito ambicionado mas de reconhecimento ausente na lei e na opinião pública. Interpretando essa demanda à luz do direito humano à educação ao longo da vida e na perspectiva da descolonização orientada pelo protagonismo intelectual indígena contemporâneo, traçamos um panorama exploratório das oportunidades de educação superior em São Gabriel da Cachoeira (noroeste amazônico), detendo-nos sobre duas licenciaturas que ensaiam modelos alternativos. Apontamos como o acesso de indígenas gradualmente tensiona a universidade hegemônica, ainda que a oferta, confirmando nossa hipótese, não esteja à altura da significância demográfica e política da demanda dos povos originários.
Colaboración externa de la innovación abierta y desempeño financiero de las PYMES en Tamaulipas, México
Authors: Alvarez-Aros Erick Leobardo , Bernal-Torres César Augusto , Tovar Yesenia Sánchez
Published: February 2022

RESUMEN La innovación abierta es un paradigma colaborativo que mejora el desempeño empresarial. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones abordan empresas grandes y multinacionales de economías desarrolladas, por lo que este trabajo analizó la relación de la colaboración externa de la innovación abierta con el desempeño financiero en pequeñas y medianas empresas en una economía emergente. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario a propietarios y directivos de 145 empresas localizadas en Tamaulipas, México. Los resultados procesados mediante ecuaciones estructurales en SPSS y AMOS indican ausencia de relación positiva y significativa entre la colaboración vertical de la innovación abierta (clientes, usuarios y proveedores) con el desempeño financiero. En contraste, se comprobó una relación positiva y significativa entre la colaboración horizontal de la innovación abierta (instituciones de educación, gobierno y competidores) con el desempeño financiero, con elementos como el codesarrollo de productos, entradas de conocimiento e ideas, adquisición de maquinaria, equipo, software e insumos.
A rede estrangeira de estudos sobre antropologia da educação pensada por meio da inscrição literária
Authors: Américo Bruno Luiz , Carniel Fagner
Published: February 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a prática por meio da qual a rede estrangeira de estudos sobre antropologia da educação adquiriu credibilidade para as suas escritas, utilizando a inscrição literária. A inscrição literária é um princípio metodológico que permite analisar redes intelectuais nas pesquisas educacionais acerca dos processos de aquisição de aprendizagem e conhecimentos. Os fios que conectam os componentes dessas redes são explorados por meio da análise de um livro seminal para o campo da antropologia da educação nos Estados Unidos e na Europa, mas que foi e segue sendo desconsiderado pela academia brasileira. Trata-se do livro Education and anthropology, editado por George D. Spindler, no ano de 1955, que descreveu de forma seminal as principais ideias, abordagens e filiações teórico-metodológicas que passaram a organizar as investigações sobre antropologia e educação no exterior. A obra é analisada para oferecer à academia brasileira a agenda de usos e interpretações da antropologia da educação fora do país. A partir do livro analisado, foi factível perceber a construção de uma agenda polissêmica de usos e interpretações do termo cultura pelo campo de estudos da educação. Desse modo, uma narrativa parcial da concepção do campo científico da antropologia da educação é oferecida, podendo ser conectada a outras versões locais, estaduais e/ou nacionais.
Performance evaluation of coronavirus closure on air quality over central, southern and northern parts of Iraq
Authors: Hason Mahir M , Al-Sulttani Ali Omran , Jasim Ammar A
Published: February 2022

When the number of confirmed coronavirus disease cases rose in Iraq in the middle of February 2021, the Iraqi government performed a closure approach to constrain mobility and factory operations and enforce social distancing. In this research, the concentrations of air components (PM2.5, PM10, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3)), which represent herein the degree of air quality index, were recorded, drawn and evaluated over central (Baghdad, the capital), northern (Kirkuk Province) and southern (Basra Province) Iraq before and during the closure. The experimental duration of this research was 6 months (from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2021), which included four periods: pre-closure, first closure (total and partial), second closure (total and partial) and third closure (partial). Moreover, the impact of total closure and partial closure on the quality of the atmospheric layer over Iraq was evaluated and assessed by using Sentinel-5P satellite/Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument and Giovanni–Earthdata images. The results revealed that air pollutant concentrations dropped during the closure periods except at the end of the third closure period due to the lack of people’s commitment by breaking the closure strategy based on economic reasons. It was observed that the lockdown is one of the best solutions to defeat the coronavirus pandemic and that it significantly improved the air quality index, although it has several disadvantageous effects on the economic front of the country. Eventually, since people stay at their residences, the concentration of air pollutants becomes low and the air quality index becomes better.