bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Spectroscopic, DFT, HOMO-LUMO, MEP, Mulliken Analysis and
Antimicrobial Properties of Novel Arsenic(III) Dithiocarbamate Complex
Authors: Tamilvanan Sundaramoorthy
Published: October 2022

The novel arsenic dithiocarbamate complex was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,
NMR and FTIR. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate quantum mechanical
computations of a tris(N,N-difurfuryldithiocarbamato)arsenic(III) molecule employing the standard
B3LYP basis set with the GAUSSIAN 09 program. The molecular structure was confirmed using
geometrical parameters, vibrational analysis (FT-IR), 13C NMR and 1H NMR (GIAO technique). The
HOMO-LUMO energy gap, Mulliken population analysis, contour map and molecular electrostatic
potential (MEP) surfaces have all been determined using molecular orbital calculations. The minimal
HOMO-LUMO energy values shows that charge transfer is possible within the molecule. Gram-positive
and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungal species, were used to investigate the compound
antimicrobial susceptibility. The results demonstrated that even at high concentrations, the complex
was effective against the microorganisms.
Effect of Organomodified Bentonite/Silica Hybrid Filler Compound System on Mechanical
Properties and Sealing Performance of NR/NBR Rubber Seal for LPG Tube Valve
Authors: Handayani H. , Fathurrohman M.I. , Ramadhan A. , Sutisna N.A.
Published: October 2022

Organomodified bentonite and silica were used as hybrid fillers in natural rubber (NR)/nitrile butadiene
rubber (NBR) seal for liquified petroleum gas (LPG) tube valve compound to evaluate their interaction
and influence on mechanical properties and sealing performance. In this work, the NR-organomodified
bentonite were prepared by the in situ organomodified and latex compounding method with varying
amounts of bentonite then applied in the silica-NR/NBR rubber seal compounds with mixing process
held in two rolls open mill. Silanization reaction, Payne effect, curing characteristics, tensile properties,
compression set, hardness, uniaxial compression and sealing performance were assessed. The study
obtained that NR/NBR-silica/organomodified bentonite show improved silica dispersion physically,
as analyzed by Payne effect. The presence of organomodified bentonite decreases the vulcanization
reaction. The cure rate index, apparent crosslink density and hardness tend to decrease with addition
of organomodified bentonite, while tensile strength and elongation at break are enhanced with increasing
organomodified bentonite. With an appropriate amount of organomodified bentonite (organomodified
bentonite below 4 phr), the introduction of organomodified bentonite enhances the elastic response of
the material, as shown by increasing of tensile properties. The rubber seal’s sealing performance
analysis revealed that B4 (4 phr organomodified bentonite) performed the best, with contact stress
higher than the actual working pressure and Misses stress lower than the actual working pressure,
making it difficult to crack.
Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship and Antibacterial
Activity of Some Simple (E)-Chalcones
Authors: Thapa Hari Bagale , Bajracharya Najma , Thapa Sapana , Bajracharya Gan B.
Published: October 2022

In present work, 14 simple (E)-chalcones (1-14), synthesized via the Claisen-Schmidt condensation
between arylmethyl ketone and aromatic aldehyde in the presence of either in NaOH or H3BO3, were
tested for in vitro antibacterial activity against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus
subtilis) and three Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae)
bacterial strains. Among them, (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one
(8) was found most efficient, while (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (4)
and (E)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)-phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (14) were completely
ineffective. The rest of the (E)-chalcones have displayed moderate to good antibacterial activity,
particularly against Gram-positive bacteria, while E. coli was found resistant. From the structure-activity
relationship (SAR) analysis, it is revealed that the presence of a strong electron-withdrawing group
(NO2) in ring A and the presence of electron-donating group in ring B of (E)-chalcones could enhance
the antibacterial activity. The presence of hydroxyl and/or alkoxyl substituents in both 3 and 4 positions
of ring B proved beneficial.
Effect of Different Mixed Foods with Pomegranates, Raisins,
Stingless Bee Honey, Dates and Figs on Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Salbi Noorsabrina M. , Muhammad Norhayati , Abdullah Norazlin
Published: October 2022

Currently, pomegranates, raisins, stingless bee honey, dates and figs have been used in many products.
However, interactions between multiple ingredients in a product may have a synergistic or antagonistic
effect, which could improve or reduce functionality. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine
the interaction effect of different mixed foods from pomegranates, raisins, stingless bee honey, dates
and figs. The total flavonoid contents and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity
of 41 samples designed by simplex centroid mixture design was determined before interaction effect
and correlation were analyzed. As a result, only eight out of 41 mixed foods shown the synergistic
interactions. Moreover, antioxidant properties were correlated (R2 = 0.939) with flavonoid content. In
conclusion, the mixed food that shows synergistic interaction may be utilized in the future development
of functional food.
Effect of Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate on Oxidation of
Indigo Carmine with Potassium Peroxy Diphosphate: A Kinetic and Mechanistic Study
Authors: Mutnuru Kalyana Chakravarthy , Karipeddi Ramakrishna
Published: October 2022

The oxidative kinetic study of Indigo carmine (IC) with potassium peroxydiphosphate (PDP) in absence
and presence of cationic cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and anionic sodium dodecyl
sulphate (SDS) micelles was studied in an aqueous sulphuric acid medium by maintaining the ionic
strength at 3.0 mol dm-3 using sodium sulphate. The pseudo-zero-order constant was determined from
the linear plots of absorbance versus time under the conditions [IC] < [PDP]. The reaction obeys
zero-order kinetics with respect to varying [IC], first order kinetics with respect to varying [H+] and
[PDP] in the absence and in presence of micelles. The reaction rate was accelerated with varying
[CTAB] and [SDS] and reached a limiting value. The [surfactant] rate profile has limited nature since
the reaction is unimolecular on the micelle surface. The binding constant of peroxy diphosphate was
also determined with CTAB and SDS micelles by applying Berezin equation for the kinetic pattern.
A Greener, Versatile and Convenient Approach for Catalyst
Free Conversion of Pyrazole Aldehydes into Carbonitriles
Authors: Jayanthi Selvaraj , Pramesh Manickam , Monisha Periyasamy , Vetriselvan Moorthy , Venkatachalam Ragunathan
Published: October 2022

A new, efficient and catalyst-free synthetic strategy was developed for ten carbonitriles by the
combination of pyrazole aldehydes and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of green
solvent-glycerol. All the synthesized carbonitriles were confirmed from by 1H, 13C NMR and high
resolution mass spectroscopies. The proposed synthetic process was simple, effective with high product
yields and environmentally benign with mild reaction conditions.
Treatment of Organic Wastewater by Supercritical Water Oxidation
Authors: Hadi Al-Kaabi Falah Kareem , Al-Duri Bushra
Published: October 2022

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a robust process in removing the hazardous organic wastes.
Therefore, it is necessary to improve the SCWO process to eliminate the organic hazardous wastes. In
present work, SCWO process used cyclohexylamine (CHA) as the organic chemical model. The
co-oxidizers consisted of propylene glycol (PG), methanol and the oxygen source was hydrogen
peroxide. The experiments were conducted using at a laboratory scale. A plug-flow reactor was utilized
at different operating temperatures ranging from 425 to 525 ºC, the critical pressure was 25 MPa. At
working temperatures, the co-oxidizer and the oxidant ratios were also investigated . The results
indicated that the temperature had an impact on the removal efficiency of cyclohexylamine. The
maximum total organic carbon removal (TOC) in the presence of propylene glycol was achieved with
98% at 525 ºC and the residence time was 14 s.
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Process Related
Impurities of Mirabegron: A Beta-3 Adrenergic Agonist Drug
Authors: Reddy Gopa Sudheer Kumar , Brahman Pradeep Kumar , Mallu Usenireddy
Published: October 2022

In the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredient and the development of pharmaceutical products,
the impurities profiling plays a significant role. The control of impurities is essential for producing the
quality, safe and efficient drug products for therapeutic use. Few works reported for the synthesis of
potential impurities and further characterized to support the synthesis route and purity of the synthesized
compound. Hence in present study, five impurities of mirabegron such as impurity 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9
were synthesized and structural characterization was carried using NMR, IR and mass spectral studies.
Based on the results, it was confirmed that the route of synthesis established in the study was simple,
convenient and economical and can be useful for the products of potential impurities of mirabegron.
By characterizing each of these impurities, the regulatory need has been met. Additionally, the analytical
method development and validation studies have utilized the generated impurity standards. This effort
helped with the process development’s optimization stage and made it possible to identify the crucial
parts of the process. The production method for mirabegron was carefully adjusted to eliminate or
reduce the formation of impurities, which is helpful for the creation of safe pharmaceutical goods.
UV Light Photo-Degradation of Rhodamine B and
Methylene Blue Dyes using Gd2O3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Vinolia Thaninki Leena , Nesaraj Arputharaj Samson , Arunkumar Manasai
Published: October 2022

The detoxification of numerous harmful and toxic contaminants as well as water treatment is done
successfully by photocatalytic oxidation. The potential uses of metal oxide, which are defined as
charge carriers in electronic structure, enhance its light-absorbing qualities when exposed to a particular
type of radiation and enable its use as a photocatalyst. Metal oxide nanoparticles, as photocatalyst, are
used in waste-water treatment in removing pollutants and the degradation of dyes, thus can render
water reusable. In the current investigation, XRD and SEM studies were utilized to analyze the rare
earth Gd2O3 nanoparticles that were synthesized using the chemical precipitation approach. Additionally,
degradation of Rhodamine B and methylene blue in aqueous solution under UV light was used to
assess the photocatalytic activity. The results indicated that the synthesized Gd2O3 material exhibits
good photocatalytic activity.
Rapid and Stable Liquid Chromatographic Tandem Mass Spectrometric Method for
Simultaneous Estimation of Pioglitazone, Keto Pioglitazone and Hydroxy
Pioglitazone in Human Plasma: Application to Bioequivalence Study
Authors: Vig Nitin , Jain Gaurav Kumar , Bhatia Amit , Chopra Shruti
Published: October 2022

High performance liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination
of pioglitazone, keto pioglitazone (M-III) and hydroxy pioglitazone (M-IV) in human plasma has
been developed and validated using pioglitazone-D4, keto pioglitazone-D4 and hydroxy
pioglitazone-D5 as internal standards. Solid phase extraction was carried out for sample preparation
to extract analyte and internal standard from human plasma. The extracted sample was injected through
autosampler in HPLC connected with Hypersil Gold, 100 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm using mobile phase
consisting of methanol:solution A:solution B - 80:10:10 v/v/v). Pioglitazone, keto pioglitazone (M-III)
and hydroxy pioglitazone (M-IV) were chromatographically separated and detected using the MS detector.
The best-fit lines using weighting factor (1/concentration2) linear least square regression analysis were
obtained by peak area ratio of pioglitazone, keto pioglitazone (M-III) and hydroxy pioglitazone (M-IV)
with their internal standards pioglitazone-D4, keto pioglitazone-D4 and hydroxy pioglitazone-D5,
respectively. This report provides the results of various validation parameters including stability studies
and extended precision and accuracy which is required for long study samples batch analysis. This
analytical method is valid for the determination of pioglitazone in the range of 18.9 ng/mL to 2994.4
ng/mL), keto pioglitazone (M-III) (3.23 ng/mL to 512.60 ng/mL), hydroxy pioglitazone (M-IV) 10.1
ng/mL to 1603.8 ng/mL) and using pioglitazone-D4, keto pioglitazone-D4, hydroxy pioglitazone-D5,
respectively as internal standards in human plasma using a Hypersil Gold, 100 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm
column.
ILHAS DE CALOR URBANAS SUPERFICIAIS EM CAJAZEIRAS-PB
Authors: Martins Maria Iriany Braga , Souza João Victor Rocha de , Aires Telma Lucia Bezerra Alves , De Souza Junior Teobaldo Gabriel , Rodrigues Jacinta Ferreira dos Santos
Published: October 2022

O estudo teve como objetivo o diagnóstico de ilhas de calor urbanas por meio dos valores de temperatura de superfície terrestre (TST) e espacialização do índice de vegetação da diferença normalizada (NDVI), comparando o espaço intraurbano e arredores da cidade de Cajazeiras, estado da Paraíba. Foram utilizadas imagens do satélite Landsat 8, faixa do infravermelho termal (temperatura) e faixas do vermelho e infravermelho próximo (índice de vegetação). Com os resultados obtidos observou-se que os valores mais elevados de temperatura estão presentes na área central do perímetro urbano, e o entorno da cidade, que contém áreas mais vegetadas, apresentou temperaturas mais amenas.
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO E FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM GEOGRAFIA: UMA PROPOSTA GEOETNOGRÁFICA E EMANCIPADORA
Authors: Carneiro Rosalvo Nobre
Published: October 2022

Há quatro saberes de fundo consensuais do mundo da vida acadêmico: o estágio como prática de ensino; o estágio e a relação teoria e prática; o estágio e a relação universidade e escola; e o estágio e a formação da identidade docente. Diante deles, argumenta-se que a identificação com a docência implica na compreensão da formação profissional como exigente de interesses mais elevados do conhecimento. Objetiva-se destacar o primado do interesse emancipatório, valorizando-se o interesse prático e não negligenciado, o interesse técnico para a formação docente no estágio curricular supervisionado em Geografia. Associa-se a pesquisa geoetnográfica e a teoria do agir comunicativo do filósofo Jürgen Habermas, e descreve-se a sua organização e funcionamento no estágio curricular supervisionado em uma licenciatura. O modelo do percurso formativo geoetnográfico é direcionado mediante análise dos processos de reconstrução de imagens, de saberes e de conhecimentos acerca do mundo da vida da educação e da escola. Essa reconstrução amplia a autonomia formativa, do pensamento, do autoconhecimento e da autoconsciência dos estagiários, e se revela de modo fático, diante de seu trajeto formativo profissional e pessoal como emancipação.
EXPANSÃO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (Saccharum officinarum L.) E SUPRESSÃO DE VEGETAÇÃO NATIVA NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE SÃO RAIMUNDO DAS MANGABEIRAS E CAMPESTRE DO MARANHÃO (MA), BRASIL
Authors: Rodrigues Stênio Lima , Gomes Jaíra Maria Alcobaça , Cerqueira Emiliana Barros
Published: October 2022

A cana-de-açúcar obteve crescimento expressivo nas últimas décadas do século XX. Logo, reputa-se necessária a averiguação das consequências dessa expansão. Nesse ensejo, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar o efeito da expansão do cultivo da cana no uso e na cobertura da terra em municípios do Maranhão, de 1998 a 2018. Realizou-se um levantamento de dados, utilizando-se a produção agrícola do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), e as classes de uso e cobertura da terra do Projeto MapBiomas. Ademais, cumpriram-se visitas in loco para investigar a ocorrência de desmatamento de vegetação nativa para o cultivo da cana. Selecionaram-se como amostras, seguindo o critério não-probabilístico, por conveniência, os municípios de São Raimundo das Mangabeiras e Campestre do Maranhão, por serem os maiores produtores nesse estado. Realizou-se análise gráfica, tabular e cartográfica. Constatou-se expansão substancial na quantidade produzida e no cultivo da cana nos municípios. As modificações no uso da terra apontaram crescimento nas áreas agrícolas e de pastagens plantadas, demonstrando avanço da atividade agropecuária em ambos os municípios. Ocorreu redução de vegetação nativa, incluindo as formações savânicas, florestais e campestres. Concluiu-se que nos municípios em apreço a expansão canavieira ocorreu às custas de supressão de vegetação nativa.
Emergencia de las ecuaciones paramétricas en viète y descartes: elementos para repensar la actividad analítica-algebraica
Authors: López-Acosta Luis Alberto , Montiel Espinosa Gisela
Published: October 2022

La investigación en educación del álgebra ha señalado la importancia de los parámetros respecto a la actividad algebraica, sin embargo, establece también que hacen falta más estudios al respecto. Por ello, esta investigación tiene como finalidad problematizar el surgimiento de las ecuaciones paramétricas en Viète y Descartes, respecto al rol del tipo de actividad en la que ambos se involucraron en su renovación del análisis geométrico. Realizamos un estudio histórico-epistemológico, con sustento socio epistemológico, que como resultado develó la relevancia de cierto tipo de problemas geométricos, caracterizados por involucrar una gran cantidad de relaciones que no son perceptibles a partir del diagrama geométrico presente en el texto, algo no visto en la tradición algebraica previa, y que requería de un sistema prolijo para diferenciar las cantidades conocidas y desconocidas. Este hallazgo permite fundamentar una ruta didáctica basada en la práctica de algebrización de la geometría que no ha sido explícitamente explorada en las investigaciones relativas a esta noción. Esta práctica se sustenta en una justificación epistémica centrada en la conceptualización de que cualquier tipo de relación de equivalencia deviene en una ecuación, principalmente las proporciones, y refleja la intención de construir un álgebra para la geometría.
Fake science: proposta de análise
Authors: Borin da Cunha Marcia , Tilschneider Garcia Rosa Beatriz
Published: October 2022

A cada período da história do ser humano novas formas de pensar, acessar informações, modo de interagir com os diversos elementos da sociedade são alteradas ou inseridas. Dentre tantas informações disponíveis, estão as Fake News, um efeito da era da Pós-verdade. São notícias falsas sobre os mais variados assuntos e, dentre tantos, os assuntos relacionados com a Ciência e a Tecnologia (CT). Neste contexto aparece um novo termo “Fake Science”, que tem implicação no modo como os assuntos relacionados à CT chegam até a população. Conhecer e compreender as Fakes Sciences nos parece um caminho importante para futuras discussões relativas ao letramento informacional e midiático, necessário ao contexto do ensino de ciências na escola. É mais um caminho a ser trilhado na educação dos jovens (e adultos). Assim, esta pesquisa teve como questões norteadoras: como identificar uma Fake News de ciência, a Fake Science? Para tentar responder à essa indagação, o objetivo principal pode ser sintetizado em: selecionar algumas Fake Science e compará-las no sentido de estabelecer um possível padrão na forma composicional deste gênero de discurso. Apontamos, neste estudo, alguns “indicadores”, que estão presentes nas mensagens analisadas, e que indicam um padrão seguido neste gênero. Esta análise serve como subsídio para proposição de atividade de análise de mensagens, e pode ser utilizado por professores em aulas de Ciências, nos diferentes níveis de ensino.
Da nutrição à digestão: uma proposta contextualizada para o ensino do sistema digestório
Authors: Martho Flávia , Mendonça Duarte Rafael , Biscalquini Talamoni Ana Carolina
Published: October 2022

Aprender sobre o corpo humano é compreender sobre o funcionamento do próprio corpo, contemplando seus aspectos biológicos e socioculturais. Contudo percebe-se no ensino de ciências na educação básica dos anos finais, a prevalência de uma abordagem cartesiana em que o corpo é tratado de forma reducionista, restringindo-o a aspectos anatômicos e fisiológicos, muitas vezes desconexos. Esse é o caso do sistema digestório e da abordagem da educação alimentar e nutricional, considerada um tema contemporâneo transversal pela Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Tendo isso em vista, esta pesquisa realizou o levantamento das concepções prévias a respeito do tema norteador “nutrição” com alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental II de uma escola municipal de São Vicente/SP. A partir disso, elaborou-se e aplicou-se uma sequência didática visando promover conhecimentos anatômicos e fisiológicos do sistema digestório a partir da nutrição. Os resultados indicam que após a aplicação da sequência didática os alunos não só adquiriram conceitos a respeito da morfofisiologia do sistema digestório, mas também compreenderam que a nutrição é pautada por aspectos socioculturais.
The Influence of Water Hardness on the Agronomic Traits of Foreign Fibre Flax Varieties in the Republic of Croatia
Authors: Butorac Jasminka , Brunšek Ružica , Pospišil Milan , Augustinović Zvjezdana
Published: October 2022

The amount and quality of fibres depend on a whole range of factors, the most important being variety, agroecological conditions, agrotechnics and the degree of fibre flax plant maturity, the purpose for which flax is grown, retting and processing. The retting of fibre flax is the most complex stage in the processing of flax into fibre. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge about the acclimatization ability of foreign varieties that can potentially be adapted to climatic in Republic Croatia. Therefore, this paper presents the results of achieved agronomic traits (dry stem yield, dry stem after retting, total fibre yield, long fibre yield, share of total fibre and share of long fibre) of five foreign varieties of fibre flax. The selected varieties were retted in very soft, medium hard and hard water. Variety trials with fibre flax were set up over three years (2012–2014) at two locations (Zagreb) on anthropogenized eutric cambisol and (Križevci) on pseudogley on level terrain. The trials were carried out according to the RCBD in four replications. According to the results of the three-year research into the agronomic traits of fibre flax, significant differences were identified among the varieties studied. The varieties Agatha, Viola and Electra recorded the highest values of studied traits. Statistically significant differences were only recorded among different water hardness for long fibre yield in 2012 and share of total fibre in 2013 in Zagreb. The highest yields and share of fibres were recorded when the fibre flax was retted in very soft water.
Investigating Properties of Electrically Conductive Textiles: A Review
Authors: Shabani Aulon , Hylli Majlinda , Kazani Ilda
Published: October 2022

Electro-conductive textiles are mostly fabrics that have conductive elements or electronics integrated into them to achieve electrical characteristics. They have acquired considerable attention in applications involving sensors, communications, heating textiles, entertainment, health care, safety etc. To produce electro-conductive textiles, several techniques, e.g. chemical treating with conductive polymers on various textile materials, or using different technologies, e.g. knitting, weaving, embroidery techniques to include conductive threads into fabric interconnections etc., are being used. Electro-conductive fabrics are flexible enough to be adapted to quick changes in any particular application, beginning with wearable purposes and sensing needs as specified by many different groups. The ability of electro-conductive textiles to conduct electricity is the most essential property they must possess. In addition, the applications that may be worn should have stable electrical, thermal and mechanical qualities. The most recent developments in the field of electro-conductive textiles represent the aim of this review, which analyses these properties, including the investigation of methods that are used to obtain conductive textiles, their electrical properties, thermal properties, and beyond that, the scientific methods that are used to measure and investigate electro-conductive textiles. We also focused on the textile materials used in studies, as well as the technologies used to make them conductive, which may be a guide for different interested groups for use in a variety of smart applications.
Being Overweight Is Related to Neoaortic Sinus Dilatation After Arterial Switch Operation
Authors: Muneuchi Jun , Watanabe Mamie , Sugitani Yuichiro , Doi Hirohito , Furuta Takashi , Ezaki Hiroki , Kobayashi Masaru , Ochiai Yoshie
Published: October 2022

Background

Neoaortic sinus dilatation is a late comorbidity after an arterial switch operation in patients with dextro-transposition of the great arteries. We aim to explore whether neoaortic sinus dilatation is related to overweight or obesity, as these affect aortic remodeling in such patients.

Methods

We measured neoaortic diameters including those for the annulus, sinus, sinotubular junction, and ascending aorta by echocardiography and studied the relationship between these diameters and body mass index in patients aged 15 years and older after an arterial switch operation.

Results

A total of 45 patients were studied. Median (interquartile range) age, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure at echocardiography were 20 (17–28) years, 21.2 (18.4–24.2) kg/m2, and 120 (112–127) mm Hg, respectively. Echocardiogram revealed the following median values (interquartile ranges): neoaortic annulus diameter, 22.2 (19.8–23.8) mm; sinus diameter, 34.6 (31.8–39.8) mm; sinotubular junction diameter, 27.5 (22.4–30.0) mm; and ascending aortic diameter, 20.4 (19.4–22.7) mm. The neoaortic sinus diameter was significantly correlated with body mass index (r = 0.41, P = .004) and was significantly larger in patients with concomitant ventricular septal defect (P < .001) and those who were over-weight (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2; P = .006).

Conclusion

Neoaortic sinus dilatation after an arterial switch operation is associated with being overweight during adolescence and young adulthood. It is important to prevent obesity in patients after an arterial switch operation and educate them on a healthy lifestyle.
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Pancasila Dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari
Authors: Ardhani Marshandha Della , Utaminingsih Irma , Ardana Izzati , Fitriono Riska Andi
Published: October 2022

Minimnya penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila, khususnya di kalangan generasi milenial saat ini, menunjukkan lemahnya pengamalan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur dengan memanfaatkan fakta dan sumber pendukung, seperti ebook, artikel, dan sejumlah jurnal terkait. Makna Pancasila, penerapannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, dan contoh penerapannya dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan dijelaskan sesuai dengan fakta yang telah diketahui. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari bagaimana manusia mengatur kehidupan sehari-hari dengan menerapkan Pancasila sebagai pedoman hidup. Juga dapat menjadi pedoman bagi masyarakat tentang bagaimana menerapkan nilai-nilai Pancasila ke dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya Pancasila, sehingga dapat juga menjadi pedoman dalam mengamalkannya dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan.
Acquisition – Digitization - Edition: Reflections on the Premodern "Policey" Corpus
Authors: Wüst Wolfgang
Published: October 2022

The rapid progress in the digitization of early modern sources on an international level in recent decades has fundamentally improved the conditions for historical research. Whereas expensive and time-consuming archival and library studies used to limit the scope of some research projects, long-term editorial projects can now increasingly be tackled from the comfort of one's home. This also applies to the source genre of the “good” Policey. How did it come into being? In the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and its regions, institutions and chancelleries, councils and rulers relied on a form of conveying general standards of value that had been drafted in ancient times, was born in the Middle Ages and matured in the early modern period. This legislation was comprehensively designed before the nation-building of the 19th century. As early modern Policey, it was divided into “ordinationes speciales”, “imperiales” and “provinciales”. (1) The first group included dress and luxury ordinances; church and Sunday protection; bans for beer, wine and spirits; hunting, building, market, inn, health, mourning or marriage regulations as well as gambling and lottery bans. (2) The second group consisted of provincial and imperial ordinances, and (3) the third category included territorial, town, market, forest and village ordinances. Edition projects, such as those presented for the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in southern Germany, are increasingly, but by no means exclusively, based on digitized Policey specifications.
Kaempferol: A potential agent in the prevention of colorectal cancer
Authors: Nejabati Hamid Reza , Roshangar Leila
Published: October 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer in relation to incidence and mortality rate and its incidence is considerably increasing annually due to the change in the dietary habit and lifestyle of the world population. Although conventional therapeutic options, such as surgery, chemo‐ and radiotherapy have profound impacts on the treatment of CRC, dietary therapeutic agents, particularly natural products have been regarded as the safest alternatives for the treatment of CRC. Kaempferol (KMP), a naturally derived flavonol, has been shown to reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide ions, hydroxyl radicals, and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), especially peroxynitrite. Furthermore, this flavonol inhibits xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and increases the activities of catalase, heme oxygenase‐1 (HO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a wide range of cancer and non‐cancer cells. Based on several studies, KMP is also a hopeful anticancer which carries out its anticancer action via suppression of angiogenesis, stimulation of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Due to various applications of KMP as an anticancer flavonol, this review article aims to highlight the current knowledge regarding the role of KMP in CRC.
Ectopic foci do not co‐locate with ventricular epicardial stretch during early acute regional ischemia in isolated pig hearts
Authors: Zhang Hanyu , Yu Han , Walcott Gregory P. , Rogers Jack M.
Published: October 2022

Ectopic activation during early acute regional ischemia may initiate fatal reentrant arrhythmias. However, the origin of this ectopy remains poorly understood. Studies suggest that systolic stretch arising from dyskinesia in ischemic tissue may cause ectopic depolarization due to cardiac mechanosensitivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between mechanical stretch and ectopic electrical activation during early acute regional ischemia. We used a recently developed optical mapping technique capable of simultaneous imaging of mechanical deformation and electrical activation in isolated hearts. Eight domestic swine hearts were prepared in left ventricular working mode (LVW), in which the left ventricle was loaded and contracting. In an additional eight non‐working (NW) hearts, contraction was pharmacologically suppressed with blebbistatin and the left ventricle was not loaded. In both groups, the left anterior descending coronary artery was tied below the first diagonal branch. Positive mechanical stretch (bulging) during systole was observed in the ischemic zones of LVW, but not NW, hearts. During ischemia phase 1a (0–15 min post‐occlusion), LVW hearts had more ectopic beats than NW hearts (median: 19, interquartile range: 10–28 vs. median: 2, interquartile range: 1–6; p = 0.02); but the difference during phase 1b (15–60 min post‐occlusion) was not significant (median: 27, interquartile range: 22–42 vs. median: 16, interquartile range: 12–31; p = 0.37). Ectopic beats arose preferentially from the ischemic border zone in both groups (p < 0.01). In LVW hearts, local mechanical stretch was only occasionally co‐located with ectopic foci (9 of 69 ectopic beats). Despite the higher rate of ectopy observed in LVW hearts during ischemia phase 1a, the ectopic beats generally did not arise by the hypothesized mechanism in which ectopic foci are generated by co‐local epicardial mechanical stretch.
Activated partial thromboplastin time maybe associated with the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yanhai , Liu Luying , Zhou Pingting , Luo Xiaoli , Liu Han-Qing , Yang Hua
Published: October 2022

Objective

Hemostasis markers associated with tumors have been widely studied. However, the associations between the coagulation factors and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) prognosis remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate these associations.

Patients and methods

PTC patients treated at Shengjing Hospital between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into three groups. Clinical, ultrasound, and pathological patient characteristics were recorded. The blood routine, coagulation factors, and thyroid function data were compared.

Results

A total of 50 patients were selected and divided into Group 1 [complicated with second primary malignancies (SPMs)], Group 2 (with postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis), and Group 3 (control group). The ages of patients in Group 2 were significantly higher than those in the control group. The neutrophil ratio (%) in Group 1 was significantly higher than that in Groups 2 and 3, while its lymphocyte ratio (%) was significantly lower. The coagulation factor activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in the first and second groups was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group. There were no statistical differences in APTT between the first and second groups. Shorter APTT was associated with SPM and postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis.

Conclusions

Coagulation indicators, especially APTT, may be a new biomarker for predicting PTC prognosis and may provide a new molecular target, especially in combination with SPM and postoperative cervical lymph node metastasis.
Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: a review of existing literature
Authors: Kaur Lovedeep , Ahirwar Ashok Kumar
Published: October 2022

On November 24th, 2021 a case of a new viral variant of SARS-CoV-2 was reported by South Africa and Botswana to WHO, which later was designated as the variant of concern on 26th November 2021. It has around 60 mutations (50 non synonymous, 8 synonymous, and 2 non coding) as compared to the original parent strain of Wuhan. Different hypotheses have been put forward as an explanation for the origin like reverse zoonosis i.e. animal to human transmission, origin from an immune compromised patient or use of highly mutagenic drug like molnupiravir as treatment. A huge spike in cases around the globe is suggestive of a high rate of infectivity and transmissivity as compared to the previous known variants. With whatever cases have been documented so far, it is said that omicron causes mostly mild clinical illnesses and there is a less chance of hospitalization according to the clinicians. Among the reported cases, there were already vaccinated patients also. So there is a possibility that omicron might be able to evade the vaccine induced immunity due to a huge number of mutations (especially in the spike protein sequences). Until new vaccines specific to the pathogen are being developed, the coverage of the currently acceptable vaccines should be increased so that none is deprived of the mandatory doses and a third booster dose might help to reduce the chances of serious complications of this new strain beforehand. So an equal focus on the host and environment is required along with the pathogen.
Tribological behaviour of nano-sized beta phase silicon nitride: effects of the contact conditions
Authors: Charfi Amine , Aziz Ruttba , Kharrat Mohamed , Wani Mohd Farooq , Dammak Maher , Sehgal Rakesh
Published: October 2022

Friction and wear behaviour of nano-sized silicon nitride in beta phase (β-Si3N4) under dry conditions were studied. Flat β-Si3N4 samples were prepared by means of the spark plasma sintering method. Sliding tests were performed using a reciprocating ball-on-flat tribometer against silicon carbide (SiC) ball and silicon nitride (Si3N4) ball under various normal loads. The frequency was set at 1 Hz and the sliding distance at 20 mm. The morphology of the worn surfaces was analysed by scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results showed that for normal load ranging from 11 to 57 N the friction coefficient increases from 0.15 to 0.36 for the β-Si3N4/SiC tribo-pair and from 0.8 to 0.9 for β-Si3N4/Si3N4 tribo-pair. Whereas, for both tribo-pairs, the specific wear rate decreases with the increase in normal load to reach an asymptotic minimum for high loads whose value is 0.15 × 10−3 mm3 N−1 m−1 for β-Si3N4/SiC and 0.3 × 10−3 mm3 N−1 m−1 for β-Si3N4/Si3N4. The experimental results show also that depending on the tribo-pair and normal load, soft and hard wear mechanisms are activated.
Interlocutors’ judgment of Lx conventional expressions: An exploratory study
Authors: Beaulieu Suzie , Lundell Fanny Forsberg , Bejarano Javier
Published: October 2022

The present study is a perception study that investigates how French L1 speakers evaluate the speech produced by advanced French Lx users that deviates from the pragmatic norms of the local community. More specifically, this exploratory study investigates how conventional expressions that displayed pragmalinguistic or sociopragmatic deviances affected the raters’ (N = 62) evaluation of perceived communicative effectiveness and perceived likeability of the speakers in imagined intercultural encounters. Results from the study revealed that deviances were generally judged more severely on both evaluative dimensions than the target conventional expressions. Interestingly, however, findings also showed that deviances that partly included the pragmalinguistic or sociopragmatic resources preferred by target community members were evaluated positively. Methodological recommendations to pursue this new line of inquiry in the field of intercultural pragmatics are also discussed.
Multi-objective optimization of injection molding process parameters based on BO-RFR and NSGAⅡ methods
Authors: Cao Yanli , Fan Xiying , Guo Yonghuan , Ding Wenjie , Liu Xin , Li Chunxiao
Published: October 2022

Injection molding of thin-walled plastic parts with minimum deformation in warpage and volume shrinkage is crucial for part quality. Simulation combined Latin hypercube sampling approach was used to research the effects of different process parameters on deformation. Then, random forest regression (RFR) is used to construct the mathematical relationship between process parameters and defects, such as warpage and volume shrinkage. The gaussian process is used as probabilistic surrogate model, while the probability of improvement is used as acquisition function to construct a Bayesian optimization for RFR’s hyperparameters, and the performance of random search is compared. In addition, the gradient boosting regression (GBR) and support vector regression (SVR) were also adopted to establish the prediction models, respectively. Comparing all the above prediction models, it can be found that the Bayesian optimized random forest regression (BO-RFR) has the highest accuracy. The Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is interfaced with the predictive models to find the optimum design parameters for the purpose of effectively predicting and controlling warpage and volume shrinkage. The results show that warpage is reduced by 66.03% while volume shrinkage is 46.20% after optimizing. The final finite element simulation and physical tests indicate that this proposed method can effectively achieve the multi-objective optimization of injection molding.
Enjoyment in language teaching: a study into EFL teachers’ subjectivities
Authors: Thumvichit Athip
Published: October 2022

Although teacher enjoyment has been positively related to teacher well-being and performance, little is known about the combination of perspectives and experiences that contribute to it. This study uses Q methodology to identify, characterise and compare divergent viewpoints of tertiary-level English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers regarding enjoyment within their professional context. A Q sort of 44 statements reflecting enjoyment in foreign language teachers was administered to 40 participants. By-person factor analysis was conducted to identify common patterns across the Q sorts. Three viewpoints emerged, namely classroom engagement, career value and social interaction. The narratives show that the unique composites of experiences within these viewpoints characterise enjoyment for each group of EFL teachers. To boost or recover their enjoyment, EFL teachers are advised to clearly communicate their expectations for student behaviour, use positive reinforcement when teaching, seek opportunities for professional growth, establish career goals and embrace opportunities for collaboration.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia with a CYP21A2 deletion overlapping the tenascin-X gene: an atypical presentation
Authors: Ivo Catarina Rodrigues , Fitas Ana Laura , Madureira Inês , Diamantino Catarina , Gomes Susana , Gonçalves João , Lopes Lurdes
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic diseases characterized by impaired cortisol biosynthesis. 95% of CAH cases result from mutation in the CYP21A2 gene encoding 21-hydroxilase. TNX-B gene partially overlaps CYP21A2 and encodes a matrix protein called Tenascin-X (TNX). Complete tenascin deficiency causes Enlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). A mono allelic variant called CAH-X CH-1 was recently described, resulting from a CYP21A2 complete deletion that extends into the TNXB. This haploinsufficiency of TNX may be associated with a mild hypermobility form of EDS, as well as other connective tissue comorbidities such as hernia, cardiac defects and chronic arthralgia.

Case presentation

We report four patients heterozygous for a CAH-X CH-1 allele that do not present clinical manifestations of the EDS.

Conclusions

All CAH patients, carriers of these TNXA/TNXB chimeras, should be evaluated for clinical manifestations related to connective tissue hypermobility, cardiac abnormalities and other EDS features, allowing for better clinical surveillance management.
Predicting foreign language skills based on first languages: The role of lexical distance and relative morphological complexity
Authors: Berthelé Raphael , Lenz Peter , Peyer Elisabeth
Published: October 2022

Research on adult second language learning shows the importance of the linguistic proximity of acquired languages to the target language as a predictor of learning. Not much research has been done on the impact of linguistic distance in foreign language learning settings. We analysed the speaking, writing, listening, and reading skills of multilingual 14-year-old French learners (N = 409) in a German-speaking context who indicated at least one language other than German as (a) L 1. Using mixed-effect models, we tested associations between linguistic contrasts between French and the individuals’ first languages and their success on tests of French as a foreign language. The models also controlled for motivation, curriculum-related variables as well as social, economic and educational background information. Results show a small effect for lexical distance with all four skills, while relative morphological complexity seems negligible. The study therefore shows that the impact of lexical distance is measurable not only in immersive second language learning settings, but also in foreign language instruction settings with very limited exposure to the target language.
The syntax of plurals of collective and mass nouns: Views from Jordanian Arabic
Authors: Jaradat Abdulazeez , Jarrah Marwan
Published: October 2022

This research paper provides a syntactic account of the observation that plurals of non-count nouns (i.e., collective and mass nouns) in Jordanian Arabic (JA) may express different readings, namely a counting reading and paucity in quantity. We propose that availability of such readings or lack thereof depend crucially on whether or not Division Phrase (DivP) (Borer, 2005) projects in narrow syntax. When DivP projects over nP, a counting reading is available for the plural of singulatives. On the other hand, when DivP does not project, no counting reading is available, and alternatively a small-quantity reading is held. This implies that pluralization in JA is subject to the availability of functional projections that form the relevant DP, hence supplying evidence against the lexical hypothesis of plural formation. As for paucity in quantity, we argue that it is a product of (or a subtype of) the well-known paucal plural (cf. Ojeda 1992; Mathieu 2013).
Sōþes ne wanda. The Avoidance is Separation Metaphor in West-Germanic Argument Structure
Authors: Middeke Kirsten
Published: October 2022

In this paper I reconstruct two separative argument structure constructions for West Germanic: one involving a genitive of origin and one involving an instrumental in the process of being subsumed under the dative. Although neither genitives nor instrumentals/datives are typically used to refer to literal origins in space in any of the languages under consideration, a number of verbs attested with genitives and instrumentals/datives can be semantically related to each other as expressing different metaphorical extensions from the concept of separation. The fact that the expression of spatial origin itself is not a function of the genitive or the instrumental/dative can be explained diachronically with reference to a common evolutionary scenario in which adpositional phrases replace bare-case constructions in their concrete, spatial functions before they take over their derived, more abstract senses. The alternation between genitives, instrumentals/datives and separative prepositions is best modelled as a constructeme, a schema with various allostructions.
FARKLI PEYNİR ÇEŞİTLERİNİN YAŞAM DÖNGÜSÜ ANALİZİ
Authors: UYSAL İpek Gülçin , ÇOLAK GÜNEŞ Neslihan , KOCA Nurcan
Published: October 2022

Nüfus artışı, teknolojik gelişmeler ve ormanların azalması, dünyada hem ekolojik hem sağlıkla ilgili olumsuz sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Tarım-gıda sanayii tüm dünyadaki sera gazı emisyonlarının üçte birinden sorumludur. Bu nedenle, gıda ürünlerinin çevresel etkilerinin incelenerek üretimin daha sürdürülebilir hale getirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Süt sektöründe hem dünya genelinde hem de ülkemizde peynir üretim hacminin oldukça fazla olması, süt endüstrisindeki sürdürülebilirliğin peynir üretimi üzerinden değerlendirilebilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Yaşam Döngüsü Analizi (YDA), ürünlerin ve süreçlerin çevresel etkilerini inceleyen, küresel olarak kabul edilen, ISO tarafından standartlaştırılmış bir yöntemdir. Bu derleme çalışmasında, dünyada üretilen farklı peynir çeşitlerinin çevresel etkilerinin YDA ile incelendiği çalışmalar detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Çiğ süt üretimi, başta küresel ısınma potansiyeli olmak üzere pek çok çevresel etki kategorisinden sorumlu olarak ilk sırada yer alırken; arkasından enerji tüketiminin geldiğini ve ambalajlama, nakliye ve tüketici kullanımı gibi basamakların çoğunlukla minimum düzeyde katkısı olduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Ayrıca, peynir üretiminin çevresel etkilerinin azaltılması için çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.