bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ON ACADEMIC STAFF WELFARE IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA
Authors: Taiwo Ezekiel , Akinbode James , Akinrinlola Moronmubo , Olu-ogunleye Itunu
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of collective bargaining on the welfare of academic staff in federal universities located in South West Nigeria, focusing on six selected institutions.
 
Theoretical Framework: The research is framed within the context of labour relations theory, exploring how collective bargaining as a mechanism influences various welfare dimensions of academic staff.
 
Method: A quantitative research approach was adopted, utilizing a descriptive research design. The study's population comprised academic staff from the six universities, with a sample size of 377 participants determined through the Taro Yamane formula. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analysed using statistical techniques to assess the relationship between collective bargaining and staff welfare.
 
Results and Discussion: The results indicate a significant negative impact of collective bargaining on academic staff welfare (β=-0.494, p<0.05). Contrary to its purpose, collective bargaining has not adequately addressed welfare issues, potentially worsening existing challenges faced by academic staff in the studied universities. The discussion emphasizes the need for improved bargaining strategies to promote staff well-being.
 
Research Implications: The study's findings highlight the importance of developing more effective and collaborative collective bargaining processes. These are critical for enhancing welfare outcomes and addressing systemic challenges within federal universities.
 
Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature on collective bargaining by providing empirical evidence from the Nigerian higher education sector, revealing its counterproductive effects on academic staff welfare. It offers practical insights for policymakers and unions in designing more strategic negotiation frameworks.
GUIDELINES FOR THE COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINERS IN THE PLASTICS MOLDING INJECTION FACTORIES IN THAILAND
Authors: Dokchan Weerakarj , Roopsing Taweesak
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this research is to develop guidelines for the competency development of trainers in plastics molding injection factories (PMIF) in Thailand.
 
Theoretical Framework: A mixed-methods framework is adopted, integrating quantitative data through statistical analyses like means, standard deviations, and regression, alongside qualitative insights from interviews. The framework explores relationships by combining numerical trends with thematic patterns for a comprehensive understanding.
 
Method: The study population comprises 284 operators and 14 trainers. Data is collected through quantitative and qualitative approaches, including questionnaires and interviews, with statistical analysis applied using percentages, means, standard deviations, relationship analysis, and stepwise multiple linear regression.
 
Results and Discussion: Guidelines for trainer competency development in PMIF in Thailand focus on three key areas—knowledge, skills, and attitude. Four sub-competencies in the knowledge domain influence training success: knowledge in 1) Teaching Psychology, 2) Trainers' Attitudes, 3) Behavior and Work Analysis, 4) Training and Counseling. In the skills domain, significant sub-competencies include: 1) Teaching Skills, 2) Listening Skills, 3) Computer Proficiency, 4) Behavior and Work Analysis Skills. The significant sub-competencies of the attitude domain include: attitudes toward 1) Modern Research, 2) Trainees' Intentions, 3) Teaching Psychology, 4) Trainers' Attitudes.
 
Research Implications: Guidelines to enhance trainer competency in Thailand's plastics molding injection industry are provided. Findings influence training programs, workforce development, and industry productivity.
 
Originality/Value: Key sub-competencies that predict training success are identified in the areas of knowledge, skills, and attitude. Structured approaches to enhance training success are provided, impacting professional practice and training outcomes in industrial settings.
WHAT IS EMO-DECISION-MAKING CONTAGION? THE CONCEPT AND MECHANISMS
Authors: Chaabi Antar , Toukabri Maher
Published: November 2024

Objective: This article aims to present a new topic for the marketing literature: emo-decision-making contagion. This concept is developed from Hatfield et al.’s (2014, 1994) work and the research conducted by Pire-Lechalard and Van-Hoorebeke (2021) in the context of decision-making.
 
Theoretical Framework: The decision depends on emotion. However, emotion has a primordial characteristic, namely its contagiousness (Chaabi, 2023; Pire-Lechalard & Van-Hoorebeke, 2021). Hence the genesis of the concept of emo-decision-making contagion. Until now, the study of this concept has been ignored in the marketing field, and researchers focus, rather, on ad hoc concepts such as social influence. This article attempts, through a well-defined methodology, to define emo-decision-making contagion and establish its theoretical underpinnings, so that it is useful and beneficial for marketing practitioners.
 
Method: To penetrate the experiences of the respondents and explore the human constructions around emo-decision-making contagion, a qualitative study was conducted with a sample of 30 individuals. Therefore, we chose the interview as the data collection method. Similarly, to ensure greater consistency in this exploratory study, we limited our focus to a specific area: fashion products, specifically textile items.
 
Results: The results indicate that this concept is defined as the propensity of individuals to reproduce and copy the purchasing decisions of a group leader unconsciously and massively. These decisions are intended to serve as a lesson and are transmitted through the sharing of emotions with the members of the group and identification with them, to have a specific result or to be in conformity with this group.
 
Conclusions: As emo-decision-making contagion does indeed exist, it is suggested to focus on the study of this concept, which can be a very effective and attractive strategy in communication and advertising, and understanding the mechanisms underlying EDMC can help marketers improve their commercial approaches or develop better ones.
THE IMPACT OF IMPOSED COVID-19 MEASURES ON BELGIAN HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Vancaillie Selien , Gemmel Paul , Regge Melissa de , Meijboom Bert
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore how higher education students behave when they are confronted with imposed measures that provide temporal cues, also called organizational temporal structures, and how their behavior evolves with time.
 
Theoretical Framework: The Temporal Cognitive-Affective Processing System (T-CAPS), developed by Shipp and Richardson (2021) is used as the overarching theory to study the phenomenon. The theory describes five possible behavioral responses when individuals are confronted with organizational temporal structures.
 
Method: The study uses a mixed-method design including surveys and interviews during three large COVID-19 waves in Belgium. In total, 1246 students filled in the survey and 30 interviews were carried out.
 
Results and Discussion: The findings suggest that, in general, students mostly complied to the imposed measures. Especially in the beginning of the pandemic, resistance was almost non-existent. However, resistance increased over time, particularly when measures interfered with social life. Our qualitative data provides more insight into the reasoning behind indicated behavioral responses. Convenience appeared to be an important reason for compliance with remote learning and resistance towards the restrictions in social contact increased because of their deteriorating effect on mental health.
 
Research Implications: Our research gives rise to recommendations aimed at governments, educational institutions and people entrusted with educational policy making, as it provides better insight into when and why students comply to new regulations.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by applying the conceptually developed T-CAPS in an empirical setting and as a result validates propositions related to the theory.
DIAGNOSIS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS GROUPS WITH A VIEW TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PMOS IN A RESEARCH SUPPORT FOUNDATION
Authors: Carvalho Vaniele Guimarães , Barbalho Sanderson César Macêdo
Published: November 2024

Objetivos: Esse artigo apresenta a caracterização da gestão de projetos (GP) de uma Fundação de Apoio à pesquisa de uma Universidade brasileira de grande porte com vistas à implantação de um Escritório de Projetos (PMO - Project Management Office).
 
Quadro Teórico: Os escritórios de projetos são estruturas que visam dar uma melhor organicidade à gestão de projetos em uma empresa. Em uma Fundação de Pesquisa que gerencia projetos de inovação realizados por uma Universidade, os projetos apresentam nuances não caracterizadas na literatura internacional da área.
 
Método: O método utilizado nesta pesquisa foi o estudo de caso com levantamento de dados através de pesquisa documental e observação direta e participante.
 
Resultados e Discussão: Os dados demonstram que há diversas práticas de gerenciamento de projetos que não são desempenhadas pela fundação e o fato de o gerente de projetos ser o professor pesquisador implica em dificuldade real de implementar práticas de GP, uma vez que o professor é pesquisador em uma área específica e não gerente de projetos.
 
Implicações da Pesquisa: Nesse tipo de organização, pelo fato de o gerente de projetos ser um profissional não-versado nas funções tradicionais da GP, os PMO devem apresentar um perfil mais diretivo e prover suporte em treinamento para os GP.
 
Originalidade/Valor: A pesquisa demonstra que um referencial baseado no Guia PMBOK® pode ser aplicado com propriedade para diagnosticar as principais funções da GP em uma organização sendo útil para desenhar as funções dos PMO que complementam as práticas de GP já realizadas.
Influence of Financial Intermediation on Sustainability of Youth Owned Enterprises in Western region, Kenya
Authors: Hassan Busolo , Maingi Muli , Ben Oseno , Willis Otuya
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Despite the challenges besetting youth-owned enterprises in accessing funds from sources such as YEDF, county youth funds, Uwezo Fund, and Women Enterprise Fund, the financial sustainability of the enterprise remains an issue. This research investigates the influence of financial intermediation on sustainable youth-owned enterprises in Western Kenya. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research adapted a pragmatic approach and descriptive survey design based on the framed financial intermediation theory. It focused on chairpersons or owners of 443 registered youth-owned enterprises within Kakamega, Vihiga, Busia, and Bungoma counties and used Taro Yamane’s proportional sampling formula to arrive at 210 respondents. Both structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data, while financial data was obtained from secondary data sheets. Data analysis was done using SPSS (version 23) with descriptive and inferential statistics, and tables were used to present the results. Findings: The results of linear regression analysis revealed that financial intermediation (β = 0. 629) had a positive and significant (P≤0.001) relationship with sustainability. Implications/Originality/Value: Findings reveal that financial intermediation exerts a considerable influence on the survival of start-ups and businesses owned and operated by youth. This exploration appropriates financing policies, partnerships, financial training, risk management, planning services, networking, and capacities for enhancing sustainability.
ВЛИЯНИЕ АДАМАНТИЛЬНЫХ ГРУПП НА «ВЕРХНЕМ ОБОДЕ» МАКРОЦИКЛА НА КРИСТАЛЛИЧЕСКУЮ СТРУКТУРУ ГЕТЕРОВАЛЕНТНЫХ МАРГАНЦЕВЫХ {MnII2MnIII2} КОМПЛЕКСОВ НА ОСНОВЕ КАЛИКС[4]АРЕНА И 2,2’-БИПИРИМИДИНА
Authors: Стрельникова Ю.В. , Овсянников А.С. , Иова А.А. , Исламов Д.Р. , Самигуллина А.И. , Дороватовский П.В. , Соловьева С.Е. , Антипин И.С.
Published: November 2024

Взаимодействие каликс[4]аренов HCA и AdCA с катионами марганца(II) в присутствии молекул 2,2’-бипиримидина привело к образованию новых схожих по строению тетраядерных {MnII2MnIII2} кластеров, структура которых была охарактеризована в кристаллической фазе с помощью монокристального РСА. Рассмотрено влияние двух факторов на деформацию кластерного ядра, показано, что введение 2,2’-бипиримидина в качестве солиганда приводит к уменьшению расстояния MnII-MnII, а при введении объемных п-адамантильных групп в структуру каликс[4]арена наблюдается увеличение расстояния MnIII-MnIII. Кроме этого, наличие объёмных заместителей «верхнего обода» каликс[4]арена AdCA вызывает изменения во взаимном расположении молекул комплексов в кристалле, приводящие к образованию пористой кристаллической упаковки.
Efficient Biomedical Waste Management- Need of the Time: A Lesson Learnt From COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kanaparty Kiran Prakash , Vemu Deepti , Zia Syeda Fahada , Vyankatesh Mavatkar Munnaji , Sravani Gavireddy
Published: November 2024

Background: Medical waste management (MWM) is of concern to the medical and general com-munity. Adequate knowledge regarding the management of healthcare waste is an important precursor to the synthesis of appropriate attitudes and practices of proper handling and disposal of medical waste by healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, and housekeeping staff, regarding BMW management at a tertiary hospital in Telangana.Subjects and Method: This was a cross‑sectional study carried out at a tertiary health care center in Mahbubnagar district, Telangana, India. A stratified sampling technique was used to select the different cadre of healthcare providers from the hospital. A self‑administered questionnaire assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practices of 300 study participants was prepared. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data.Results: The majority of respondents were nursing staff 43% (143/300) followed by doctors, interns, sanitation workers, and lab technicians. About 3/4th of the HCWs had experience of more than 3 years. Only 65% of the doctors have correct knowledge of the colour coding of bags. About only 20% of the nursing staff practiced segregation of the waste on-site. The practice of hand washing was significantly higher among female HCWs (p = 0.010).Conclusion: This study showed that there is a clear lack of BMW management among the HCW especially class IV staff who handle a large. Thus ongoing training should be provided to HCWs on MWM, with more attention to knowledge of regulatory requirements, and involvement of HCWs in the development of MWM policies to enhance compliance.
Yetkin şəxslərdə sirroz: sirrozun ağırlaşmalarına ümumi baxış, ümumi idarə edilmə prinsipləri və proqnozu
Authors: Seyidov Nabil
Published: November 2024

Sirroz, qaraciyərin struktur quruluşunun pozulması və regenerativ düyünlərin meydana gəlməsi ilə xarakterizə olunan, proqressiv şəkildə inkişaf edən qaraciyər fibrozunun son mərhələsidir. İrəliləmiş mərhələlərdə adətən geri dönməz hesab olunur ki, bu zaman yeganə seçim qaraciyər transplantasiyası ola bilər. Erkən mərhələlərdə qaraciyər xəstəliyinin əsas səbəbinə yönəlmiş spesifik müalicə, sirrozlu xəstənin vəziyyətinin yaxşılaşmasına və hətta geriyə döndərilməsinə səbəb ola bilər. Sirrozu olan xəstələr müxtəlif ağırlaşmalara həssasdırlar və onların ömrü nəzərəçarpacaq dərəcədə qısala bilər.
Podaqra
Authors: İsmayilova Könül
Published: November 2024

Podaqra - hiperurikemiya və kəskin iltihabi artrit tutmalarına səbəb olan urat duzlarının yığınları; oynaqlar ətrafında tofus (podaqra düyünləri) və oynağın dağılmasının mümkünlüyü; böyrəyin yumaqcıq, boru və interstisial xəstəlikləri və sidik turşusu daşları ilə xarakterizə olunan sindromdur. Xəstəlik ən çox baş barmağa (podaqra), ayağa, topuğa, dizə, barmaqlara, bilək və dirsəyə təsir göstərir; ancaq bu, hər hansı bir oynağa təsir edə bilər.
Qızılca (rubeola) infeksiyasının menecmenti
Authors: Seyidov Nabil
Published: November 2024

Qızılca dünyanın hər yerində geniş yayılmış yüksək yoluxduruculuq xüsusiyyətinə malik virus mənşəli xəstəlikdir. İnfeksiya qızdırma, halsızlıq, öskürək, rinit və konyunktivit ilə xarakterizə olunur, bunun ardınca da ekzantemalar meydana çıxır. İnfeksion amilə məruz qaldıqdan sonra həssas şəxslərin təxminən 90%-də qızılca inkişaf edəcək. Səpgilərin meydana çıxmasından 5 gün əvvəldən başlayaraq, səpgilər meydana çıxdıqdan 4 gün sonraya qədər xəstəliyin yoluxdurucu dövrü hesab edilir. İctimai yerlərdə, hətta insandan-insana təmas olmadıqda belə, xəstəlik ötürülə bilər.
GEORGIA’S PLACE ON THE SCALE OF MODERN U.S. FOREIGN POLICY PRIORITIES
Authors:   Secondary school no. 50, Golava Gia G.
Published: November 2024

The article analyzes the evolution of Georgia’s role in the US foreign policy strategy in 2012–2022. The article is aimed at understanding the degree of importance of Georgia in the U.S. foreign policy, identifying the areas of cooperation and conflict, and establishing the nature of the relations between Georgia and the United States. The methodology of the study is based on a systematic approach, thanks to which it was possible to determine the most significant factors influencing the bilateral relations. The scientific novelty of the research consists in conducting a comprehensive analysis of the logic and dynamics of the 2012–2022 Georgian-American relations, the study of the anti-Western rhetoric of the modern Georgian government, as well as in attracting the relevant groups of sources that have not been used previously in the domestic studies on the Georgian-American relations (the U.S. reports on the state of democracy in Georgia, a complete list of the legislative materials of the U.S. Congress for Georgia, the data on the Georgia’s foreign trade from 2014 to 2022, the U.S. officials’ statements criticizing the “Georgian Dream”, etc.). The author comesto the conclusion that the Biden administration, unlike the previous administrations, faced an additional problem in determining the significance of Georgia: since the end of Bush’s presidential term, the American side had not had a clear strategic regional policy to which Tbilisi could have related. Thus, the undertaken research is relevant for the formation of Russia’s foreign policy strategy in the context of the toughened geopolitical competition in the South Caucasus in order to effectively protect its own national security.
COUNTERCULTURAL MOVEMENTS AT THE DAWN OF THE “LONG SIXTIES” IN A TRANSATLANTIC CONTEXT
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Rogovtseva Aleksandra S.
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the countercultural movements in the United States and Great Britain in the second half of the 1950s, when the nonconformist movements were being developed within their national borders. Applying the comparative method to compare the American “beat generation” and the British “angry young men” and using the discourse analysis to identify the repertoires of the meanings embedded in their works – the poem “Howl” by Allen Ginsberg and the play “Look Back in Anger” by John Osborne – the author determines the nonconformist characteristics inherent both to each separate literary movement and to the entire generation of the “long sixties”. The detection of common characteristic features made it possible for the author to test the hypothesis about the similarities between the two movements, and those similarities allowed for the movements’ mutual cultural influence in the 1960s
THE IMAGE OF THE PRESIDENT AND HIS CRITIQUE IN SUPERHERO COMICS IN THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS IN THE 1980S
Authors:   Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography, Sputnitskaya Nina Yu. ,   Herzen State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study is to determine the specifics of criticism of a politician and the institution of the presidency in popular culture using the example of the critique of Ronald Reagan in the comics during his tenure. The object of the analysis is the representation of the US President in the issues of the industry leaders of print superhero comics; the subject is the mechanisms of criticism of the institution of the presidency. The research methodology is based on a semiotic and iconological analysis of the visual material; a descriptive method is used to introduce the historical context. The image structures are analyzed using the film studies tools (analysis of dramaturgy, camera angles, film editing). The superhero comic book from the 1980s consistently deconstructs the image of the President, and particularly, the media component of that image. The article for the first time identifies the cinematic clichés that the comic book authors use in the construction of a critical narrative about Reagan, analyzes the ways of implementing the motive of the puppet nature of the institution of the presidency and studies the representation modes of the policy towards the USSR. The author concludes that by the end of the 1980s, a steady set of techniques and a repertoire of plots for the critical assessment of the US President had been formed in the superheroics.
“IMAGOLOGICAL RESTRUCTURING”: SPECIFICS OF THE CULTURAL POLICY OF THE USSR IN THE MID-1980S - EARLY 1990S
Authors:   Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Yudin Kirill A. ,   Herzen University
Published: November 2024

The article examines the phenomenon of “imagological restructuring”. The main sources were journalistic and audiovisual materials – books, brochures, periodicals and other popular science publications, as well as films. The novelty of the research lies in the qualitative rethinking and conceptualization of this source base through the imagological approach, the results of the latest research in the field of symbolic politics and the politics of memory. It is shown that the systemic factors of that process were: the internal political course of the USSR initiated by M.S. Gorbachev and being moved towards the loosening of the political control over culture and de-ideologization; negotiation process at the international level; transition to the “cool world”. The author has set the frames of a conditional periodization. At the first stage (1985–1987/88), journalism and cinematography retained the inertia of the “old” discourse; the media “Cold War” and the exposure of the “American imperialism” continued. At the second stage (1987/88–1991), there was a progressive change in the optics of perceptions and representations: the transformation of the image of the United States from an enemy to a partner, including through the transfer of the image of an ally from the countries of Eastern Europe to the United States – rehumanization and rehabilitation of the “former ours”/“strangers”. Conclusions are drawn that perestroika contributed to the improvement of the Soviet-American relations, the constructive renewal of a collective memory, the neutralization of stereotypes, and the end of the “Cold War”. Moreover, all that became a political and imagological defeat of the USSR, expressed in the delegitimation of socialism and the Soviet national-state identity.
AUSTRIA’S APPROACH TO THE SEPARATION OF SLOVENIA AND CROATIA FROM YUGOSLAVIA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Zelenov Dmitrii A.
Published: November 2024

Since the late 1980s, Austria, using and consistently widening its political-diplomatic and military-political set of instruments, has actively started to be involved in determining the further contours of Yugoslavia’s evolution. Slovenia and Croatia turned out to be the first polygon for this policy, within the framework of which the key parameters of the Alpine Republic’s approach to the further formation of the post-Yugoslavia space were established. The article analyses the general approach of official Vienna to the discussed issue in the period when Slovenia and Croatia separated from the SFRY. The author consistently studies the nature and dynamics of the bilateral contacts between Austria and both Republics. Special attention is paid to the determination of the main incentive motives in support of official Ljubljana and Zagreb; the paper also identifies the similar features and the specifics of such policy, carries out research on the mechanisms used, and the conclusion is made concerning the model of interaction.
Análisis del Registro Nacional de Personas Desaparecidas y no Localizadas en Nuevo León
Authors: Montaño-Borboa Ismael de Jesús , Arriaga-Avalos Leonardo David
Published: November 2024

La desaparición de personas es un fenómeno complejo y doloroso que afecta a comunidades de todo el mundo. La búsqueda de personas desaparecidas o no localizadas representa un desafío humanitario y social de gran magnitud, con implicaciones profundas para las familias, las comunidades y la sociedad en su conjunto. En este contexto, comprender las probabilidades de encontrar y proporcionar apoyo adecuado a las familias afectadas se convierte en una prioridad fundamental.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PRIVATE TUITION AND PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT AT THE PREPARATORY STAGE: INSIGHTS FROM INDIAN EDUCATION
Authors: Jha Sanjeev Kumar
Published: November 2024

This study investigates effectiveness of private tuition and parental involvement at the preparatory stage. This stage is critical as it establishes the foundation for academic path of the children. The decision between “private tuition” and “parental involvement” can significantly influence students’ educational experience, across the globe. This research aims to examine which of the approaches is more effective ‘private tuition’ or ‘parental involvement’ for the improvement of children’s academic achievement. The study used the survey method to collect background information and their school’s periodic examination scores as academic achievement. The study found that parental involvement has significantly more effective than private tuition in academic achievement of the students. It is crucial not only for a child’s academic development but also for the overall growth. The policy implication of the study is that in order to improve academic achievement and holistic development of children, it is recommended to promote parental involvement, especially during the preparatory stage.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCEMENTS IN VIGNA RADIATA RESEARCH: INSIGHTS INTO PHYSIOLOGY, AGRONOMIC, NUTRITIONAL, AND HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Acharjee Swagato , Sengupta Sudeshna , Bhattacharya Malavika
Published: November 2024

Aims: The primary aim of this research is to provide a better comparative understanding of the Physiology, Agronomic, Nutritional, and Health-modulating effects observed in the reviewed studies related to Vigna radiata consumption. The review paper typically highlights the antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of Vigna radiata (mung bean). The fact that there exist inconsistencies and gaps in evidence against certain effects of mung bean & places where further research is needed is also addressed in the review paperPlace and Duration of Study: Department of Biotechnology, Techno India University, West Bengal, India; between August 2023 and July 2024.Methodology: The paper has been prepared by conducting a comprehensive search of various mung bean-related scientific literature databases across the internet mung beans, followed by extracting relevant data from selected studies, evaluating quality assessment factors & finally summarizing and synthesizing the extracted data, including the main findings related to Vigna radiata's beneficial effects.Results: The review work seems to be beneficial for reaffirming the significance of Vigna radiata as a natural source of immunity support and summarizing the key takeaways from the review.Conclusion: The mung bean (Vigna radiata) is a leguminous fodder crop which is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, and polypeptides. Studies conducted in vitro and in vivo highlight the variety of mung bean's health benefits. It portrays antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. However, it is imperative to delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying their role in preventing diseases. There are substantial knowledge gaps regarding the bioactive compounds and biological functions of mung beans. Further investigation is crucial to pinpoint additional essential components responsible for their health advantages and underscore these various components' combined effects on biological processes.
Reassessing Thucydides' Style (on Tobias Joho, Style and Necessity in Thucydides)
Authors: Sutton Daniel
Published: November 2024

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Diagnostic accuracy study of magnetic resonance breast spectroscopy
Authors: Oliveira Ilse Franco de , Rahal Rosemar Macedo Sousa , Freitas-Junior Ruffo , Diniz Camila Leal , Ruiz Cristina Pinto Naldi , Vidal Luiza Louza Normanha Cortizo , Ruiz Lizzi Naldi , Lauar Marcelo Vilela
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of breast magnetic resonance spectroscopy in comparison to breast biopsy. Methodology: Diagnostic accuracy study of qualitative cross-sectional analysis to perform breast magnetic resonance spectroscopy was carried out on 215 women over 18 years of age who agreed to participate in the study. Data were verified using normalized Q-Q plot analysis and standardized residual histogram. To analyze the patients’ profile, the chi-square test, Student’s t-test, and kappa index were performed for agreement between observers. The sensitivity and specificity of the spectroscopy were tested using the ROC curve compared with the results of the biopsies using SPSS version 26.0. The significance level was 5% (p <0.05). Results: The most important findings were breast lumps with a total of 59.1%, followed by cysts with 18.1% of the total. Cho Ratio values in relation to creatine were found to be altered in 76.3% of results. The kappa index between observers was 99%. After biopsies, 74.4% of the results were malignant and 25.6% were benign. After analysis, 81.8% of the benign ones were BI-RADS® 3 and 41.3% of the malignant ones were BI-RADS® 4, with 19.4% of malignancies for BI-RADS® 4 and 12.5% for BI-RADS® 6, in this case, confirming the findings of previous exams. To evaluate the accuracy of the results found, an ROC curve analysis was performed in comparison with the breast biopsy which is considered the gold standard for diagnosing breast cancer. The Cho Ratio had an average sensitivity of 98% and an average specificity of 89%. Cho Integral also has a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 92%. Conclusion: As demonstrated in this study, after statistical analysis, the model was efficient in predicting breast diagnosis.
Suspicious mammographic findings out of the age range recommended by Brazilian Ministry of Health
Authors: Santos Eduarda Martins dos , Viana Karoline Nunes Rodrigues , Paz Cândida Verônica de Andrade , Duarte Ianny Keruly Damião Pessoa , Silva Jascyone Barbosa da , Camargo Rafael Pereira , Nascimento Tássia Aimê Teixeira , Anjos Fabiana Cândida Queiroz Santos
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate Brazilian’s data about the results of mammography screening obtained from the systematization of the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) in categories 4 and 5 in women between 40–49 years old and 70–74 years old, age range not contemplated by the current recommendation of Brazilian Ministry of Health. Methodology: This is an epidemiological descriptive, quantitative, and comparative study based on analysis of the data extracted from the System of Cancer Information (SISCAN), in the period between 2019 and 2023, analyzing the age range of 40–49 years old and 70–74 years old, seeking reports of mammographic findings: BI-RADS 4 and 5. Comparisons were made between the reports that suggested breast cancer in the age range recommended (screening between 50 and 69 years old) and not recommended by the current recommendation of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: In the period between 2019 and 2023, a total of 116,833 mammograms were performed obtaining the results in the categories BI-RADS 4 and 5. Considering the age range that was not elected by the Brazilian Ministry of Health for screening, a total of 31,393 (26.86%) cases between 40 and 49 years old and 8,298 (7.1%) between 70 and 74 years old were found, representing 33.96% cases of 116,833 mammograms performed in the last 5 years. Conclusion: In view of the verified data, this study shows the relevance of the expansion in the screening of breast cancer in women because 33.96% of findings that suggested breast cancer were not being diagnosed by following the Brazilian Ministry of Health recommendation, showing how necessary is to give attention into public politics targeting to reconsider the current established recommendations.
Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor as a promising prognostic biomarker in breast cancer
Authors: Lichtenfels Martina , Dalmolin Matheus , Marcolin Julia Caroline , Silva Camila Alves da , Farias Caroline Brunetto de
Published: November 2024

Objective: Previous studies indicated a positive correlation between gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) and estrogen receptor (ER) levels, suggesting a potential association between these receptors and tumor progression. This study aimed to verify the expression and prognostic implications of GRP and GRPR in breast cancer by analyzing multiple cancer-related databases. Methodology: The expression and prognosis of GRP and GRPR in breast cancer were assessed using different databases, including ONCOBD, Gent2, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed overexpression of GRPR in breast cancer compared with healthy tissue, while GRP level was similar in both samples. The expression of GRP and GRPR was positively correlated with estrogen receptor and grade 1 tumors (p <0.001). Among the breast cancer subtypes, Luminal A showed the highest levels of GRP and GPR, followed by Luminal B, HER2+, TNBC, and basal. Prognosis analysis using Gent2 indicated better outcomes for breast cancer patients with higher expression of GRP and GRPR, showing improved overall survival (OS) compared with those with low expression (p=0.004). However, in GEPIA, no difference was observed in OS in patients with high and low expression of the biomarkers. Additional studies are needed to elucidate these relationships. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that GRP and GRPR expression correlates with estrogen receptor positivity in breast cancer and may be associated with a good prognosis for breast cancer patients. Furthermore, the overexpression of GRPR in breast cancer suggests its potential as a novel prognostic biomarker and might be useful as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment.
Characterization of an epigenetic regulatory network on basal-like breast cancer subtype and its impact on signaling pathways and biological processes
Authors: Okano Larissa Miyuki , Azevedo Alexandre Luiz Korte de , Carvalho Tamyres Mingorance , Malta Tathiane Maistro , Castro Mauro Antonio Alves , Cavalli Luciane Regina
Published: November 2024

Objective: The main objective of this study was to identify DNA methylation at the distal cis-regulatory genomic regions associated with the basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) subtype, construct an epigenetic regulatory network, and determine its impact on cancer-associated signaling pathways and biological processes. Methodology: BLBC (n=134) and non- -tumoral breast (n=84) samples with DNA methylation, mRNA, and miRNA expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database using a pipeline of computational tools. DNA methylation patterns on cancer- -specific enhancers enriched for transcription factor (TF) binding sites and potential master regulators TFs were identified. An epigenetic network among these elements and miRNA expression was constructed and analyzed in relation to the involved signaling pathways, biological processes, and potential interaction with druggable targets. Results: The analysis revealed 152 differentially methylated genes (99 hypomethylated and 53 hypermethylated) between BLBC and non-tumoral breast samples, with alterations negatively correlated with gene expression. Additionally, 500 miRNAs (317 upregulated and 183 upregulated) were observed differentially expressed between these groups. The regulatory network constructed from these elements implicated major regulators of cancer-associated signaling pathways, including AR, ErbB, KRAS, mTORC1, NOTCH, PI3K, TGF-β, NF-κB, WNT-β, and P53. Based on the DNA methylation status, the biological processes involved were primarily related to the cell cycle, cell binding activities, and transcription signaling pathways. Finally, drug–target analysis interactions of the regulatory pairs revealed 24 drugs commonly used in cancer treatment, such as 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate, cisplatin, and tamoxifen. Conclusion: In summary, this study demonstrated the impact of DNA methylation on distal genomic regions of transcription sites, revealing a complex and intricate epigenetic regulatory network involving genes, miRNAs, and TFs, highlighting the molecular heterogeneity of the BLBC. Additionally, the identification of critical signaling pathways and the potential druggable targets and pharmacological compounds found to interact with this epigenetic network indicate their potential role as therapeutic targets for BLBC.
Understanding and adherence level of community health workers to breast cancer screening according to the protocol established in the Itaberaí Project
Authors: Silva Danúbia de Brito Rodrigues , Freitas-Júnior Ruffo , Carvalhais Laillyanne Luiza Pereira de Morais , Serra Silvania Maria Lino da , Rodrigues Danielle Cristina Netto , Corrêa Rosangela da Silveira , Costa Christina Souto Cavalcante , Tumeh Isabella Barros Rabelo Gontijo
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the level of understanding and adherence of CHW according to the protocol of the Itaberaí Project (PI), aiming at breast cancer screening. Methodology: This is a clinical, controlled, randomized, multicenter, phase III trial, where the unit of observation was the engagement of community health workers (CHW) in the PI. With randomization, CHW were randomly allocated to the control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). For evaluation and comparison between groups of CHW understanding and adherence levels to the Project, a specific questionnaire was developed, with closed questions, according to the Likert scale and filled out anonymously. Results: Out of the 74 CHW active in the Primary Health Care Network in Itaberaí, 65 participated in the research, with 34 (52.3%) in the CG and 31 (47.7%) in the IG. The average length of time working as a CHW was 17.09 years ± 7.15 in the CG and 16.38 ± 8.02 in the IG (p=0.69). There was no significant difference in educational level between groups (p=0.59). Regarding understanding, there was no significant difference between the Groups, as 100% of CHW understand that their role is to guide women on early detection and diagnosis, identify possible breast changes, and refer them to basic health units (BHUs). Regarding what could improve women’s adherence to the PI, 25 (73.5%) CHW from the CG and 29 (93.5%) from the IG reported that investing in greater Project publicity through media would be beneficial. Regarding the level of CHW adherence to the PI according to the Likert scale, a higher prevalence of “extremely committed” was observed, with 28 (82.3%) CHW from the CG and 24 (77.4%) CHW from the IG. Conclusion: The results suggest that CHWs have an understanding of their role in the PI and grasp its importance for breast cancer screening.
The role of tumor-associated macrophages in the prediction of sentinel lymph node involvement in breast cancer
Authors: Rocha Aline Carvalho , Andrade Victor Piana
Published: November 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the TAM density of breast tumor stroma and sentinel lymph node involvement. Methodology: The cohort consisted of patients with histopathological diagnosis of early-stage invasive breast cancer submitted to mastectomy or quadrantectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy between January 2007 and December 2012 at a Brazilian referral hospital (A.C.Camargo Cancer Center). Using tissue microarrays, 101 tumors were submitted to immunohistochemistry for total macrophages (CD68), M2 macrophages (CD163), M1 macrophages (HLA-DR), and proliferating macrophages (double staining for CD68 and Ki67). Results: The cut-off values for the macrophage markers were CD68 (110 céls/mm²), CD163 (25 céls/mm²), and HLA-DR (80 céls/mm²). No association was observed between the TAM density of breast tumor stroma and sentinel and lymph node involvement. Low CD68 and CD163 expression was associated with luminal tumors, while high CD68 and CD163 expression was associated with hormone receptor-negative tumors, histological grade III, and high mitotic indices. HLA-DR was not correlated with hormone receptor status, HER2, or anatomopathological variables. Most macrophages displayed no proliferation. Conclusion: Stromal TAMs are not predictive of axillary involvement in tumors of good prognosis.
Overall survival analysis of women with breast cancer: a 27-year historical cohort
Authors: Rocha Marina Elias , Rahal Rosemar Macedo Sousa , Soares Leonardo Ribeiro , Oliveira José Carlos , Freitas-Junior Ruffo
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the overall survival and prognostic factors of women with breast cancer in the city of Goiânia, based on a 27-year historical cohort. Methodology: This is a retrospective cohort study of overall survival carried out from 1988 to 2015. Data were collected from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Survival curves were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Multiple Cox regression analysis was also used. The significance level adopted was 5% (p<0.05). The research was approved by the Ethics Committee. Results: Among the 7395 women included in the study, there was a predominance of the age group of 50–69 years (45.4%), localized disease (62.4%), and pure luminal phenotype (50.1%). The median survival was 122 months, and the overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 83.1% and 65.5%, respectively. Regarding race/color, white women had a longer survival rate compared with black women (average of 120 vs. 110 months). In the Cox regression analysis, the following factors were associated with reduced overall survival: age greater than 70 years (HR 1.33; p <0.001), histological grade III (HR 1.21; p=0.042), recipient of negative estrogen (HR 1.26; p=0.010), negative progesterone receptor (HR 1.47; p=0.041), triple-negative tumor phenotype (HR 2.36; p=0.008), and regional disease extension (HR 1.73; p=0.023) or metastatic (HR 2.67; p=0.012). Conclusion: In the period analyzed, the overall survival of women with breast cancer was 83.1% in 5 years and 65.5% in 10 years. Several clinical, biological, and tumor factors influenced the prognosis in this population.
Physiotherapist action after surgical treatment of breast cancer via teleconsultation
Authors: Antonini Marcelo , Savi Isadora de Godoy Carvalho Braga , Salerno Gisela Rosa Franco
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of teleservice in the immediate postoperative period of breast cancer, considering pain, fatigue, quality of life, mobility of the upper limb, and presence of lymphedema. Methodology: This is a prospective longitudinal study with 10 women 15 days after surgery, treated individually for 10 consecutive weeks, “Zoom Platform.” Household resources were used for care, always with the help of a family member. They were evaluated regarding quality of life, pain, fatigue, presence of lymphedema, and range of movement. All were approached in the immediate post-operative period where initial guidance was given regarding skin care and arm movements. As a treatment, we use progressive exercises, including respiratory, metabolic, upper limb mobility, and myofascial mobilization associated with self-drainage based on complex decongestive therapy. Data were statistically analyzed with KS and t-test (p≤0.05). This study was approved by the Brazil Platform (CAAE: 56561222.9.0000.0084). Results: The participants were 65.4±10 years old and 25.08±3.9 kg/m2 , and 70% underwent quadrantectomy. Perimetry was maintained, and the pain and fatigue of the participants improved, with no edema/lymphedema occurring. In range of movement, there was a statistically significant increase in flexion (p=0.03) and abduction (p=0.03) movements, allowing a reduction in kinesiophobia; quality of life did not change. Conclusion: Teleconsultation made it possible to evaluate the participants’ symptoms and willingness to receive care. The proposed therapies demonstrated great improvements in shoulder range of motion, allowing the maintenance of functionality in daily activities. The early gain in the range of motion also prepared women to face future treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Analysis of the time interval between breast cancer detection and diagnosis in the Brazilian Unified Health System from 2008 to 2014
Authors: Reis Eler da Silva , Lucena Clécio Ênio Murta de , Cherchiglia Mariangela Leal , Reis Ilka Afonso
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to present an analysis of the time interval between the detection and diagnosis of breast cacer among women whose diagnosis was registered in the Unified Health System (SUS) between 2008 and 2014 in the five geographic regions of Brazil. Methodology: This study is part of the project “Evaluation of the epidemiological, economic and care trajectory of high-cost procedures in the SUS,” approved by the UFMG Research Ethics Committee. This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the “National Oncology Database,” analyzed using descriptive and exploratory statistics. The results, presented in tables and graphs, included medians and interquartile ranges (Q1 and Q3) stratified by sociodemographic variables, tumor staging, and occurrence of death during the study period. Women diagnosed with breast cancer registered with the SUS between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2014 (204,305 women), participated. The main reason for exclusion was not having undergone any breast cancer diagnostic exam through the SUS (125,480 women; 61.42%). After exclusions, data from 65,555 women (32.07%) were analyzed. Results: The time interval between detection and diagnosis of breast cancer varied depending on the geographic region, with a Brazilian median of 132 days (Q1=61; Q3=294); only 11% of women completed the diagnosis within 30 days. The majority of the population was made up of white women (59%) aged between 40 and 59 years; 75.5% of women had stage 2 or more advanced tumors. Women with stage 3 and 4 tumors had the shortest time intervals to diagnosis. Similar patterns were found among women who died from breast cancer, with a higher proportion of deaths among indigenous and black women. Conclusion: These results indicate the fragility of the care trajectory and highlight the challenge of implementing the diagnosis within 30 days, as determined by Law No. 13,896/2019, which came into force in Brazil in April 2020.