bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing state anxiety and mindfulness between mindfulness and loving-kindness meditation whilst controlling for the effect of altruism and boredom
Authors: Ilies Iris-Anda , Egan Helen , Mantzios Michail
Published: June 2019

Background

Although it has been determined that mindfulness meditations are positively related to personality constructs such as conscien-tiousness, there is no clear evidence of whether personality can influence the effectiveness of mindfulness intervention. The aim of the current research was to investigate the immediate effects of single sessions of mindfulness meditation (MM) and loving-kindness meditation (LKM) on state anxiety and state mindfulness and establish whether there is a difference between the out-comes of the two practices. Altruism and boredom were used as covariates to observe whether they have a significant impact on the final results.

Participants and procedure

University students (N = 80) were randomly allocated to either the MM or LKM condition and were asked to complete the scales before and after they listened to audio guided meditation instructions. Prior to the meditation participants completed state mindfulness and state anxiety scales. Post-meditation participants again filled in state mindfulness and state anxiety scales, and trait scales on altruism and boredom.

Results

The results indicated that both types of mindfulness-based practices successfully decreased the initial levels of anxiety and ele-vated state mindfulness. Non-significant differences between the outcomes of the meditative practices were observed when con-trolling for altruism and boredom.

Conclusions

Alternative practices appeal more to some participants than to others. Clinical implications are discussed with a focus on the beneficial effects of both MM and LKM.
Revisiting particle sizing using greyscale optical array probes: evaluation using laboratory experiments and synthetic data
Authors: O'Shea Sebastian J. , Crosier Jonathan , Dorsey James , Schledewitz Waldemar , Crawford Ian , Borrmann Stephan , Cotton Richard , Bansemer Aaron
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In situ observations from research aircraft and instrumented
ground sites are important contributions to developing our collective
understanding of clouds and are used to inform and validate numerical
weather and climate models. Unfortunately, biases in these datasets may be
present, which can limit their value. In this paper, we discuss artefacts
which may bias data from a widely used family of instrumentation in the field
of cloud physics, optical array probes (OAPs). Using laboratory and synthetic
datasets, we demonstrate how greyscale analysis can be used to filter data,
constraining the sample volume of the OAP and improving data quality,
particularly at small sizes where OAP data are considered unreliable. We
apply the new methodology to ambient data from two contrasting case studies:
one warm cloud and one cirrus cloud. In both cases the new methodology
reduces the concentration of small particles (<60 µm) by
approximately an order of magnitude. This significantly improves agreement
with a Mie-scattering spectrometer for the liquid case and with a holographic
imaging probe for the cirrus case. Based on these results, we make specific
recommendations to instrument manufacturers, instrument operators and data
processors about the optimal use of greyscale OAPs. The data from monoscale
OAPs are unreliable and should not be used for particle diameters below
approximately 100 µm.
A GENERIC RIGOROUS SENSOR MODEL FOR PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCESSING OF PUSHBROOM PLANETARY IMAGES
Authors: Geng X. , Xing S. , Xu Q.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Currently, each planetary exploration mission team always develops its own software modules to support the photogrammetric processing of planetary images, and as a result of that the main drawbacks are lacking software reusability and the high cost of software development and maintenance. This is mainly due to that there is lack of a highly universal sensor model in the planetary mapping community. This paper presents a generic rigorous sensor model (RSM) for the photogrammetric processing of pushbroom planetary images. The main contributions of this paper include: (1) the implementation details of the generic RSM; (2) the optimized coordinates transformation methods between 3D ground points and 2D image points for linear pushbroom images; (3) a pipeline to acquire exterior orientation (EO) parameters for each planetary image. The generic RSM is developed based on the methodology used in airborne linear scanners ADS40. Specifically, the generic RSM comprises of a camera file and an orientation data file for each image. The camera file stores each detector’s calibrated image coordinates and the orientation data file contains each scan line’s EO parameters, such that the RSM can perform coordinates transformation among pixel coordinates, focal plane coordinates and ground coordinates. Furthermore, the generic RSM supports varying exposure time, summing mode and image distortions, which are typical problems that need to be solved in planetary mapping. We tested the generic RSM with Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Narrow Angle Camera (NAC), Chandrayaan-1 Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) and Mars Express (MEX) High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) images. The geometric accuracy and computational efficiency of the developed generic RSM were compared with the famous planetary mapping software, namely Integrated System for Imagers and Spectrometers (ISIS). The experimental results demonstrate that the generic RSM has the merits of processing various types of pushbroom planetary images with a unified way and decreasing the software development and maintenance burden. Moreover, the developed generic RSM significantly improves the computational efficiency of orthophoto generation and tie points extraction for pushbroom planetary images.
CLASSIFICATION OF TREE SPECIES ON THE BASIS OF TREE BARK TEXTURE
Authors: Ganschow L. , Thiele T. , Deckers N. , Reulke R.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Forest inventory is an important topic in forestry and a digital solution which works on the basis of tree images is looked for. Implementing a system which automatically classifies tree species is the overall goal. In this paper the implementation of a convolutional neural net for solving this classification problem is executed and evaluated. The objective is creating a system which works well on unseen data and deriving guidelines and constraints to guarantee good accuracy results. Images including tree segmentation and the corresponding labels are provided as training data. The tree species classification takes the segmentation results of a stereo vision based image segmentation algorithm as input. The basic idea consists of cropping the tree images into quadratic boxes before feeding them into the neural net. First, each box is classified separately and then the results are evaluated to get a classification for the whole tree. Methods for result improvement include altering box size, using overlapping boxes, artificially enlarging the training set, pretraining and finetuning. Cropping a tree image into boxes of a specific size and accumulating the single results to get a classification of the whole tree leads to an accuracy of 96.7% provided that specific constraints like minimum box number and the projected size of the tree on image plane are considered. Finally, ways to further improve performance are pointed out.
COMPARISON OF OBJECT BASED MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATIONS OF PLANETSCOPE AND WORLDVIEW-3 SATELLITE IMAGES FOR LAND USE / COVER
Authors: Tuzcu A. , Taskin G. , Musaoğlu N.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The purpose of the study was to compare performance of the classification methods, that are Rule Based (RB) classifier and Support Vector Machine (SVM), of Planetscope and Worldview-3 satellite images in order to produce land use / cover thematic maps. Six classes, which are deep water, shallow water, vegetation, agricultural area, soil and saline soil, were considered. After performing the classification process, accuracy assessment was employed based on the error matrices. The results showed that, both of the classification methods and satellite data were adequate to classify the area. Besides, classification accuracy was improved when Worldview-3 satellite and SVM method were used. The classification accuracies of RB classification of Planetscope and Worldview-3 were %87 and %94 respectively and the classification accuracies of SVM classification of Planetscope and Worldview-3 were %93 and %96 respectively.
Los hipocorísticos griegos en –ις: contribución a la interpretación semántica del tema en –ι
Authors: Monzó Gallo Carlos
Published: June 2019

Los antiguos antropónimos truncados griegos en –ις muestran una serie de rasgos formales compartidos con los nombres hipocorísticos de otras lenguas del mundo, entre los cuales destaca la presencia del sufijo expresivo–afectivo /–i/. Mediante un análisis interlingüístico y comparativo de los nombres propios griegos truncados en –ι, nos proponemos aislar un valor para el sufijo /–i/ constitutivo del tema con el fin de abrir nuevas vías para la interpretación semántica de la categoría nominal griega del tema en –ι.
Approximation of signals by general matrix summability with effects of Gibbs Phenomenon
Authors: Jena B. B. , Mishra Lakshmi Narayan , Paikray S. K. , Misra U. K.
Published: June 2019

In the proposed paper the degree of approximation of signals (functions) belonging to $Lip(\alpha,p_{n})$ class has been obtained using general sub-matrix summability and a new theorem is established that generalizes the results of Mittal and Singh [10] (see [M. L. Mittal and Mradul Veer Singh, Approximation of signals (functions) by trigonometric polynomials in $L_{p}$-norm, \textit{Int. J. Math. Math. Sci.,} \textbf{2014} (2014), ArticleID 267383, 1-6 ]). Furthermore, as regards to the convergence of Fourier series of the signals, the effect of the Gibbs Phenomenon has been presented with a comparison among different means that are generated from sub-matrix summability mean together with the partial sum of Fourier series of the signals.
Unified integrals involving product of multivariable polynomials and generalized Bessel functions
Authors: Nisar K. S. , Suthar D. L. , Purohit Sunil Dutt , Amsalu Hafte
Published: June 2019

The aim of this paper is to evaluate two integral formulas involving a finite product of the generalized Bessel function of the first kind and multivariable polynomial functions which results are expressed in terms of the generalized Lauricella functions. The major results presented here are of general character and easily reducible to unique and well-known integral formulae.
Foundational Frames: Descartes and Rand
Authors: Boydstun Stephen
Published: June 2019

This article closely compares the opposing foundations of theoretical philosophy in René Descartes and Ayn Rand. The developmental course of Rand's foundations, with their continual opposition to Descartes, is tracked. Arguments particularly against Descartes are assembled in this article, and the bountiful contemporary scholarship on Descartes is engaged.
The Return of the Arbitrary: Peikoff's Trinity, Binswanger's Inferno, Unwanted Possibilities—and a Parrot for President
Authors: Campbell Robert L.
Published: June 2019

Leonard Peikoff brought into Objectivist epistemology the doctrine that what is asserted arbitrarily (without adequate evidence) cannot be true or false. In 2008 the author gave a detailed critique of the doctrine; it has not received a published response. But there have been restatements by Harry Binswanger, Ben Bayer, and Gregory Salmieri. Their re-presentations do not refute any old arguments; their new arguments make the doctrine worse. The doctrine is being used to justify ignoring known possibilities, and to “prove” that the current president of the United States has a parrot's mind in a human body. Its public retraction is overdue.
Sistema de salud de Estados Unidos: ¿por qué no son los mejores?
Authors: Chilena de Salud Pública Revista
Published: June 2019

Extractos de Temas de Coyuntura  N° 56 Noviembre 2012, Asociación de Clínicas AG (disponible en http://www.clinicasdechile.cl/Coyuntura_56.pdf,
Caracterización de las propiedades diagnósticas de médicos generales del Servicio de Salud Araucanía Sur para el diagnóstico radiológico de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad
Authors: Godoy Marcelo , De Grazia José A. , Otárola Ávaro , Serón Pamela
Published: June 2019

Objetivos: Caracterizar las propiedades diagnósticas de un grupo de médicos generales (MGs) del Servicio de Salud Araucanía Sur para el diagnóstico radiológico de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC). Método: 201 pacientes adultos del Hospital de Gorbea fueron seleccionados según la presencia de cuadro clínico compatible con NAC. Se evaluó la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos de la interpretación de radiografía de tórax para el diagnóstico de NAC, obtenidas del consenso de 5 MGs, comparándolo con la interpretación radiográfica de médico radiólogo (gold standard). Resultados: La evaluación de radiografías por MGs informó 89 casos con diagnóstico de NAC (44%); en la evaluación realizada por radiólogo fueron 51 casos (25%). El valor Kappa encontrado fue de 0,46 [0,34-0,57], considerado una concordancia moderada. La sensibilidad de los MGs para el diagnóstico radiológico de NAC fue de 86,5% [74-94], la especificidad fue de 70,4% [62-77]. El valor predictivo positivo fue de 50,6% [39-61] y el valor predictivo negativo fue de 93,7% [87-97]. Conclusiones: Los MGs presentan una buena sensibilidad para el diagnóstico radiológico de NAC; la especificidad es más baja, determinando un alto número de falsos positivos. La mayor utilidad del uso de radiografía de tórax por MGs para la evaluación de pacientes con sospecha de NAC, radica en su alta capacidad para detectar casos negativos, pero fallan en el 50% de los casos al afirmar ver una condensación.
Evaluación de conocimientos en comunidades intervenidas por el “Programa de Promoción y Prevención en Salud Bucal para Preescolares” Región Metropolitana
Authors: Revello Víctor , Isler Macarena
Published: June 2019

En Chile la caries afecta a gran parte de la población, comprometiendo su calidad de vida desde temprana edad, particularmente en los sectores más vulnerables de la sociedad. La Educación para la salud es la estrategia que utiliza el "Programa de Promoción y Prevención en Salud Bucal para Preescolares" para motivar e incorporar hábitos saludables en preescolares, sus padres y funcionarios a cargo de su cuidado. Este estudio descriptivo, tuvo por objetivo determinar el nivel de conocimientos en Salud Bucal de funcionarios y apoderados de jardines JUNJI e INTEGRA, según su participación en talleres educativos del programa durante 2010, para lo cual se realizó un test tipo encuesta autoaplicada. Se obtuvo una muestra de 558 encuestas válidas (261 funcionarios y 297 apoderados). Resultados: Un 56% los de funcionarios y un 22,8% de los apoderados encuestados declaró haber participado en los talleres de salud bucal realizados en los jardines infantiles. Los funcionarios y apoderados capacitados en los talleres educativos presentaron un mayor porcentaje de aprobación del test de conocimientos en salud bucal respecto que sus pares no capacitados. Conclusión: La capacitación mediante talleres educativos en salud bucal mejora sustancialmente los conocimientos en funcionarios y apoderados. Con ello, aportando a los objetivos del programa de Promoción y Prevención en Salud Bucal para Preescolares.
Evaluación económica del programa de fluoración del agua de beber en Chile
Authors: Mariño Rodrigo
Published: June 2019

Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue realizar un Análisis Costo-Efectividad (ACE), desde  el punto de vista social, de añadir fluoruros al agua de beber para prevenir caries dentales en niños de 12 años de edad, versus el status-quo, en la realidad chilena. Método: En un ACE, los costos de programas alternativos se miden y los resultados se valoran en unidades de efectividad. Para el caso, dientes con historia de caries dental, usando el índice de dientes cariados, obturados o perdidos debido a caries dental (COPD). La comparación se hizo respecto de un grupo no expuesto a fluoruración del agua. Todos los costos y los beneficios se calcularon desde una perspectiva de análisis económico social. Los datos sobre efectividad se obtuvieron de la literatura. Los costos de tratamientos dentales se calcularon usando aranceles de referencia. Costos en gastos a nivel familiar en términos de pérdida de producción, viajes hacia/desde el dentista se tomaron en cuenta. Los costos y beneficios se descontaron usando una tasa de descuento del 3%. Resultados: El costo de la intervención, sobre la estrategia de no intervención se comparó con los beneficios obtenidos por la intervención. El cociente costo-efectividad indica que, en promedio,  este programa dio lugar a ahorros en Pesos Chilenos (2009) (RCH$) de 8.930,49 por diente afectado por caries evitado. Esta mejora se alcanzó a un costo anual de RCH$ 841,33 por niño. Conclusiones: Considerando nuestros supuestos y para situaciones equivalentes a las que prevalecen en Chile, un programa de fluoruración del agua representa un uso eficiente de los recursos de la comunidad.
Efectividad del Policlínico Antitabaco en Red del Servicio de Salud de Talcahuano (2002 – 2004)
Authors: Bass del Campo Camilo , Tapia Sergio , Valenzuela María Teresa , Tapia Mario
Published: June 2019

El policlínico antitabaco en red se crea con el objetivo de otorgar apoyo a los pacientes y funcionarios de los establecimientos del Servicio de Salud Talcahuano, debido a la necesidad de contar con atención especializada en el intento de cesación del hábito tabáquico, evidenciada con ocasión del Concurso "Déjalo y Gana Chile 2000". Objetivo: Medir la efectividad del Policlínico Antitabaco en Red del Servicio de Salud de Talcahuano entre junio de 2002 y mayo de 2004.Material y Metodo: Estudio descriptivo de pacientes que ingresaron a tratamiento en policlínico antitabaco en red entre junio de 2002 y mayo de 2004. Del total de 325 pacientes consultantes, se consideraron en el análisis los pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión (edad igual o superior a 18 años, fumador habitual y tener motivación para intentar dejar de fumar y requerir ayuda en proceso de cesación tabáquica).Resultados: De los 191 pacientes, el 44,5% se mantuvo con abstinencia tabáquica durante más de tres meses; el 29,3% con abstinencia de más de seis meses y el 14,1% con abstinencia por más de un año. El 35,6% de los pacientes sufrió recaída durante el periodo de tratamiento. Conclusión: El resultado del Policlínico Antitabaco en Red se debería a la existencia, en nivel primario, de un equipo multidisciplinario capacitado y sensibilizado en la atención de estos pacientes, así como haber contado con los recursos terapéuticos y el apoyo de atención secundaria.
Gestión clínica para el manejo apropiado de antibióticos
Authors: Concha Rodrigo
Published: June 2019

Las enfermedades infecciosas bacterianas con un adecuado diagnóstico y tratamiento apoyado en un apropiado antibiótico, permiten una alta eficacia en la reducción de la morbilidad y mortalidad. Esta situación sitúa los antibióticos como un grupo particular de medicamentos, de amplio uso por los clínicos, desde la medicina general a prácticamente todas las especialidades, y únicos con efectos ecológicos cuya utilización puede contribuir a la selección de cepas resistentes, con la consiguiente diseminación de este atributo. Dado el aumento de la resistencia bacteriana, este artículo busca actualizar el problema, con la finalidad de potenciar la creación de programas de optimización de uso de antibióticos en la red pública de salud de Chile y su implementación a través de la gestión clínica.
Aplicación de estrategias tecnológicas en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en las ciencias sociales
Authors: Peña Almanza Rossny
Published: June 2019

Esta investigación tiene como propósito valorar las Estrategias tecnológicas aplicadas por los docentes en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje para la comprensión de las Ciencias Sociales particularmente la historia. Siendo un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, con algunas implicaciones cuantitativas. En donde se refleja en el estudio realizado Por Peña y Pineda (2015) en donde aplicaron entrevistas y encuestas tanto a docentes como a estudiantes de la carrera de ciencias Sociales de la UNAN- Managua reflejo que los docentes de Historia de Nicaragua tienen muy poco dominio de las Tic’s y por consiguiente no utilizan los recursos tecnológicos que la institución les brinda para aplicar en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, también se detectó que solo utilizan la metodología tradicional al aplicar el discurso oral y las exposiciones en el aula de clase. En donde se debe capacitar constantemente para la aplicación de las Tic’s en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje y motivar a los estudiantes a hacer uso de los recursos tecnológicos para comprender mejor la asignatura superando así las debilidades en este contexto.
Foliar application of nitrogenous compounds and elicitors to Tempranillo grapevines: Microbiological implications
Authors: González-Arenzana Lucía , Portu Javier , Gutiérrez Ana R. , Santamaría Pilar , López-Alfaro Isabel , López Rosa
Published: June 2019

This study was aimed to analyze the effects of the nitrogen foliar application, and elicitation used on microbial populations of musts. The nitrogenous compounds were raw and treated wastewater from mushroom industry and a commercial yeast derivate; the elicitors were methyl jasmonate, chitosan and one commercial elicitor from a yeast source. Those six products were sprayed as pre-harvest treatment over the leaves of Tempranillo grapevines for improving quality and maturity of grapes. The applications of raw and treated wastewaters from mushroom industry, chitosan and methyl jasmonate elicitation did not cause changes in microbial diversity of must samples. In contrast, spraying commercial yeast derivate products made the must microbiota reach a high richness of species that would be positive in ecological terms. This research succeeded in establishing the impacts of foliar applications in the grapevines on the microbial community, and in any case, negative impacts were observed so that, presumably, these foliar applications can be perfectly implemented as agronomic practice.
Positive clinical and financial outcomes of patient-management accountable metrics contract among hospitalists
Authors: Yi David , Davidyock John M. , Haywood Deborah
Published: June 2019

Background: Studies have shown positive outcomes for patients treated by hospitalists, however, the impact of Patientmanagement Accountable Metrics (PAM) contract among hospitalists on financial and clinical outcomes is unclear. This study intends to determine the impact of PAM contract among hospitalists on these outcomes.Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted in a 7-hospital health system in southeast U.S. region included 93,037 adult inpatients treated by 264 hospitalists and discharged in 2018. It measures the impact of PAM contract among hospitalists on total cost, variable cost, contribution margin, length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission and mortality per inpatient discharge. Univariate and multivariable regression analysis were used for measuring outcomes.Results: When compared with non- PAM contracted hospitalists, PAM contracted hospitalists were estimated per case to have $437 ([95% CI: $326 to $548]) lower in total cost, $123 ([95% CI: $73 to $173]) lower in variable cost, $361 ([95% CI: $241 to $481]) higher in contribution margin, 0.37 days ([95% CI: 0.33 to 0.42]) shorter in LOS, and lower 30-day readmissions probability with an odds ratio of 0.82, ([95% CI: 0.79 to 0.86]). The impact of PAM contractual status was not significant on mortality rates. Study hospital system projected $17 million annual cost reduction, $14 million contribution margin and 14,000 patient days savings if all hospitalists were PAM contracted.Conclusions: This study indicates that PAM contract had positive financial and clinical impact among hospitalists. These findings may help hospitals improve clinical outcomes while reducing costs and improve margin.
Condutividade elétrica como indicador de danos por temperaturas baixas em folhas de feijão
Authors: Rosisca Juliandra Rodrigues , Oliveira Carolina Maria Gaspar de , Sartori Altamara Viviane de Souza , Stolf-Moreira Renata , Silva Marcelo Augusto de Aguiar e , Morais Heverly
Published: June 2019

The electrical conductivity test indirectly evaluates cell membrane disorganization by quantifying the electrolytes released into the water after tissue imbibing. The objective of this work was to evaluate methodological variations in the electrical conductivity test, for it to serve as an indicator of low temperature-induced damages and estimate the cold tolerance of bean plants. Cultivar IPR Uirapuru plants were subjected to minimum temperatures of 4 °C, 2 °C, 0 °C, -1 °C, -2 °C, -3 °C, and -4 °C for 1 h in a growth chamber under controlled conditions. After the treatment period, the response of plants to cold stress was evaluated by determination of the total protein content, and catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymatic activities, and evaluation of photosystem II (Fm/Fv) efficiency and leaf anatomy. These results were compared with those obtained in the electrical conductivity test, which was performed in plants under cold stress as well as under a non-stress environment, with 2, 4, 6, and 8 leaf discs immersed in 30 mL of distilled water for 24 h in BOD, at temperatures of 25 °C, 30 °C, and 35°C. Analysis of variance was performed using a completely randomized design, and for electrical conductivity, a number of discs × cold stress temperature combinations were used for each soak temperature. The averages were compared using the Turkey's test at 5% and 10% probability. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between the conductivity averages and other cold stress evaluation data was also performed. The results showed a marked reduction in the ratio (Fv/Fm) only in the treatments at -3 °C and -4°C, which indicated tissue death. At temperatures below 0°C, there was a collapse of the leaf blade tissues, and it was not possible to differentiate the palisade parenchyma from the spongy parenchyma in the treatments at -2°C, -3°C, and -4°C. There was an increase in the protein content since the temperature -3°C. The enzyme activity of CAT decrease at -4°C whereas that of APX increased. In the electrical conductivity test, there was a significant interaction between soak temperature and the number of discs, and an increase in conductivity of the solution with a decrease in temperature was verified in several treatments, among which, the combination that best correlated with the other tests was 25°C with six leaf discs. It was concluded that the electrical conductivity test presents results similar to those obtained from other physiological, biochemical, and anatomical tests, and therefore, it can be used to evaluate the damage caused by low temperatures in bean plants.
Comparison of water consumption estimates for tropical and winter forages by FDR probes and weighing lysimeters
Authors: Sanches Arthur Carniato , Souza Débora Pantojo de , Jesus Fernanda Lamede Ferreira de , Mendonça Fernando Campos , Gomes Eder Pereira , Pezzopane José Ricardo Macedo
Published: June 2019

Soil moisture determination is essential for a good use of available water resources. In this regard, the use of frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) probes has as advantages mobility and practicality in relation to lysimeters. The experiment was carried out between April and June 2016 at the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ/USP), located in Piracicaba, SP at the geographical coordinates 22°42?14.6? S and 47°37?24.1? W and altitude of 546 m. This study aimed to assess these FDR probes to estimate water consumption in comparison to measurements by weighing lysimeters (ETcLys) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in Mombaça and Bermuda grass pastures under single cultivation and overseeded with oat and ryegrass. Soil moisture was assessed daily by FDR probes by estimating crop evapotranspiration (ETcFDR probe) from soil water balance calculation, which was correlated with ETcLys and ETo (Penman-Monteith, FAO 56). For all treatments, FDR probes presented the highest water consumptions when compared to the other two evapotranspiration methods, with accumulations of 126.5 and 125.6 mm for single and overseeded Mombaça grass, respectively. For Bermuda grass, water consumption was 123.4 mm in the single cultivation and 128.5 mm when overseeded. The method of estimating evapotranspiration by FDR probes showed good correlations with ETo and ETcLys.
Occurrence of anemia in Holstein calves in the first month after birth
Authors: Benesi Fernando José , Lisbôa Júlio Augusto Naylor , Leal Marta Lizandra do Rêgo , Shecaira Carolina de Lara , Santos Rogerio Batista dos
Published: June 2019

The high mortality rates of calves has encouraged research of the physiological mechanisms that control birth and adaptation of newborns to extrauterine life, to allow early identification of the presence of disease characteristics during the neonatal period. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anemia in Holstein calves in the first month after birth and address the lack of information on the subject in neonates raised under national conditions. In total, 385 animals, 199 from refrigerated type A raw milk producing and 186 from refrigerated raw milk producing dairy farms, were surveyed. Anemia was observed in 14.3 % of the heifers (55/385), with a higher frequency in the farms producing type A milk (18.6 %, 37/199). It was concluded that the frequency of anemia is significant in neonates of the studied breed, particularly in those with more technified properties (type A milk), with this condition being, in most cases, a possible etiology of iron-deficiency.
Agronomic and productive characteristics of maize and Paiaguas palisadegrass in integrated production systems
Authors: Guarnieri Analu , Costa Katia Aparecida de Pinho , Severiano Eduardo da Costa , Silva Alessandro Guerra da , Oliveira Suelen Soares , Santos Charles Barbosa
Published: June 2019

Currently, mixed systems for growing annual crops with forage plants of the Brachiaria genus represent an excellent alternative for the cultivation of maize by using the area for agricultural and livestock farming, which provides higher income to the grower and sustainability to the agricultural systems of the Cerrado. However, little is known about the best means for sowing such intercropped plants. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of maize (Zea mays) as well as the productive and nutritional characteristics of Paiaguas palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguas) as the second crop in integrated production systems. The experimental design used randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments consisted of the following forage systems: monocropped of maize, monocropped of Paiaguas palisadegrass, maize intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in rows, maize intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass between rows, and maize with oversown Paiaguas palisadegrass. The results showed that intercropping of maize with Paiaguas palisadegrass does not interfere with the agronomic characteristics or grain yield of maize, regardless of the system that was adopted. Regarding the production of forage, low production of dry matter was found for Paiaguas palisadegrass oversown in maize, though the nutritional value was better. Intercropping maze and Paiaguas palisadegrass is relevant to integrated production systems, as it allows for of a third harvest in the same crop year, which maintains sustainability especially because a smaller arable area is used compared to conventional systems.
Non-carcass component yield of lambs finished in distinct production systems
Authors: Silva Daniel Gonçalves da , Macedo Vicente de Paulo , Silveira Magali Floriano da , Fluck Ana Carolina , Costa Olmar Antonio Denardin , Piran Filho Francisco Antônio , Bortoluzzi Claudio , Franzosi Patricia
Published: June 2019

Abstract: The aim was to assess the effect of the production system on the yield of non-carcass components of Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred lambs. The study was carried out at the teaching and research unit of sheep and goats of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos - PR using 24 uncastrated Dorper x Santa Inês crossbreed lambs (8 animals per treatment). The experimental design was completely randomized using three treatments with eight replicates. The treatments were: Panicum maximum cv. Aruana pasture, no shade, and no concentrate supplementation (PAss); Panicum maximum cv. Aruana pasture in the shade of Louro-Pardo Nativo trees (Cordia trichotoma) and with concentrate supplementation (PAcs); feedlot pens (COp). Carcass weight did not differ between treatments (p > 0.05). However, sheep in feedlot pens showed higher average daily weight gain. The non-carcass components differed significantly (p < 0.05), apart from the empty gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and reproductive organs. Blood and external body components (head, skin, and limbs) showed higher weight in COp animals. The full gastrointestinal tract showed a significant difference between the treatments with the highest weight in sheep in the two pasture systems. Blood yield and weight of liver, kidneys, spleen, and heart were higher in COp animals. The production systems thus affected the total mass of non-carcass components in Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred lambs.
Fermentation times and feed additives improve the quality of olive bagasse silage
Authors: Kasper Neliton Flores , Tadielo Leonardo Ereno , Altermann Othon Dalla Colletta , Rosa Fabiane Quevedo da , Echeverria Antônio Dias , Azevedo Eduardo Bohrer de , Segabinazzi Luciane Rumpel , Castagnara Deise Dalazen
Published: June 2019

This research aimed to measure the microbiological, chemical composition profile and fermentative characteristics during storage of fresh olive bagasse, in natura and incorporated with corn, soybean and rice brans, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized, with the plots constituting the four main treatments (olive bagasse in natura or with added corn, soybean and rice brans, respectively), and the subplots allocated the three sampling times, which corresponded to time zero (at the ensilage moment) and 28 and 56 days of ensilage. The fermentative characteristics (dry matter content [DM], pH and ammoniacal nitrogen [NH3-N], microbiological profile (populations of filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, enterobacteria and Clostridia) and chemical composition profile (mineral matter, organic matter, crude protein [CP], ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) were determined. The corn grain and rice meal treatments, which demonstrated pH 4.08 and 3.96 at 28 days of fermentation, respectively, provided the best fermentation profile. After storage for 56 days, the samples with added soybean and rice meal reached the highest levels of CP (166.15 and 93.78 g kg-1 DM), respectively. Increasing the storage period reduced the pH of the obtained silages but increased the losses of DM, NH3-N and contributed to the losses of some nutrients. Rice meal and corn grain have been recommended to be used as additives in olive bagasse storage. However, the choice of additives studied is dependent on their commercial availability in each region.
Spray-dried porcine plasma in dog foods: implications on digestibility, palatability and haematology
Authors: Andrade Talita , Lima Daniele Cristina , Domingues Lidiane Priscila , Félix Ananda Portella , Oliveira Simone Gisele de , Maiorka Alex
Published: June 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate food palatability, digestibility and blood parameter of dogs fed diets containing increasing levels of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDP). We also aimed to evaluate the SDP digestibility for dogs. We used 36 dogs distributed in 3 experiments. In the digestibility assay (Experiment 1), eight adult Beagles were distributed according to a double Latin square design (4 x 4). The following diets were evaluated: 0, 4, 8, and 12% SDP of diet. In the palatability trial (Experiment 2), 20 adult dogs were used. Diets containing 0 and 4% SDP were pair-wised compared. Blood parameters (Experiment 3) were evaluated in eight adult Beagles. Dogs were fed the diet with 0% for 10 days and then the diet with 12% SDP for further 10 days. Dietary SDP inclusion promoted a linear increase (P0.05). In conclusion, SDP shows high digestibility of CP and DM, being feasible its use in diets for dogs. However, it is important to study the effects of inclusion levels lower than 4%, in order to do not compromise diet palatability.
Can silicon (Si) fertilization influence the production and nutritional value of Urochloa Convert HD364?
Authors: Sarto Jaqueline Rocha Wobeto , Neres Marcela Abbado , Nath Caroline Daiane , Bassegio Doglas , Sarto Marcos Vinicius Mansano
Published: June 2019

Tropical soils are highly weathered, acidic, and low in silicon (Si) availability for plants. Si has been considered an essential nutrient for many grasses. Urochloa Convert HD364 is classified as a forage plant that accumulates Si, but the accumulation of this nutrient in the leaf can influence qualitative characteristics, fiber quality, plant architecture, and development of forage. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the production and nutritive value of Urochloa hybrid cultivar Convert HD364 (CIAT 36087) grown from soils collected in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using 8-L plastic pots and three types of soil. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 3 × 5 factorial: three soils [Rhodic Acrudox (Ox1), Rhodic Hapludox (Ox2) and Arenic Hapludult (Ult)] and five silicate rates (0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 Mg ha-1 of calcium/magnesium silicate), with four replications. Application of CaSiO3 to the soil increases the concentration of Si in the leaves of Urochloa Convert HD364. The dry matter, crude protein and mineral matter, fiber quality, and digestibility of Urochloa were not influenced by the increase in Si levels in the leaves until 45 days after seeding. Forty-five days after planting, CaSiO3 did not interfere with the growth characteristics and production of Urochloa Convert HD364. There is no evidence that the increased Si levels in the leaf affected the production and nutritive value, especially fiber quality of Urochloa Convert HD364 until 45 days after sedding.
Medulloblastoma in a calf of the flemish breed
Authors: Cristo Thierry Grima de , Pinto Maicon Gaissler Lorena , Valente Thais Coelho , Hack Ana Karina Couto , Fonteque Joandes Henrique , Fernandes Natalia Coelho Couto de Azevedo , Borges Cinthya dos Santos Cirqueira , Casagrande Renata Assis
Published: June 2019

Medulloblastomas are neuroectodermal tumors of embryonic origin developing in cerebellum and spinal cord and have an unusual occurrence. When occurs in cattle, it is observed in neonatal cases, leading to multiple neurological clinical signs. Flemish cattle are considered at risk of extinction and the rare specimens of Brazil are in Lages, Santa Catarina. The case of a two-month-old calf with difficulty to remain in a standing position, imbalance, opisthotonus, strabismus, and broad-based gait is described in this study. The animal was euthanized and the necropsy showed an irregular, whitish pink, and friable mass in the cerebellar vermis region, measuring 5×6×3.8 cm associated with the dilation of the lateral ventricles, which extended through the interventricular foramen, midbrain aqueduct, and fourth ventricle. Histologically, it presented elongated triangular neuronal cells arranged in a dense sheet that sometimes encircled small areas of neuropil to form Homer-Wright pseudorosettes. These tumor characteristics were compatible with a medulloblastoma. The immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation of the tumor demonstrated a positive staining for vimentin in neoplastic cells and glial fibrillary acidic protein in neoplastic stromal cells, non-reactive for synaptophysin, and negative for S100 protein and pan-cytokeratin. The histological and topographical characteristics were paramount for determining the medulloblastoma diagnosis and the IHC panel is similar to that observed in other studies. Tumor growth is limited by skull bony structures, allowing determining that the clinical signs expressed by the animal were directly related to the compression of important functional structures due to tumor expansion. Medulloblastoma is an unusual tumor in all animal species, not previously reported in Flemish cattle, and necropsy followed by histopathological examination is essential for diagnosis.
Best Practice Guidelines for Hip Arthroscopy in Femoroacetabular Impingement: Results of a Delphi Process
Authors: Lynch T. Sean , Minkara Anas , Aoki Stephen , Bedi Asheesh , Bharam Srino , Clohisy John , Harris Joshua , Larson Christopher , Nepple Jeffrey , Nho Shane , Philippon Marc , Rosneck James , Safran Marc , Stubbs Allston J. , Westermann Robert , Byrd J.W. Thomas
Published: June 2019

Background:

Treatment algorithms for the arthroscopic management of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome remain controversial because of a paucity of evidence-based guidance. Consequently, notable variability in clinical practice exists between different practitioners, necessitating expert consensus. The purpose of this study is to establish best practice guidelines (BPG) using formal techniques of consensus building among a group of experienced hip arthroscopists driven by the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. The scope of these guidelines includes preoperative recommendations, intraoperative practices, and postoperative protocols.

Methods:

The validated Delphi process and the nominal group technique (NGT), used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the peer-reviewed orthopaedic literature, were used to formally derive consensus among 15 surgeons in North America. Participants were surveyed for current practices, presented with the results of a meta-analysis and systematic literature review, and asked to vote for or against the inclusion of nonleading, impartially phrased items during three iterative rounds while preserving the anonymity of participants' opinions. Agreement greater than 80% was considered consensus, and items near consensus (70% to 80% agreement) were further queried using the NGT in a moderated group session at the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine annual meeting.

Results:

Participants had a mean of 12.3 years of practice (range: 1 to 29 years) and performed an annual mean of 249 (range 100 to 500+) hip arthroscopies, with a combined total of approximately 52,580 procedures. Consensus was reached for the creation of BPG consisting of 27 preoperative recommendations, 15 intraoperative practices, and 10 postoperative protocols. The final checklist was supported by 100% of participants.

Conclusion:

We developed the first national consensus-based BPG for the surgical and nonsurgical management of FAI. The resulting consensus items can serve as a tool to reduce the variability in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative practices and guide further research for the arthroscopic management of FAI.
Orthopaedic Osseointegration: State of the Art
Authors: Zaid Musa B. , O'Donnell Richard J. , Potter Benjamin K. , Forsberg Jonathan A.
Published: June 2019

Osseointegration is a surgical approach that permitted the direct attachment of an external prosthesis to the skeleton in some select patients with amputation, who had failed to tolerate conventional sockets, thereby obviating related issues such as discomfort, skin breakdown, and poor fit. In this specific population, osseointegration offers the potential for enhanced biomechanical advantage and rehabilitative potential. Multiple percutaneous implant systems exist for clinical use internationally, each attempting to create a stable bone-implant interface while avoiding complications such as infection and loosening. Prospective clinical trials are now underway in the United States. This article will review the history and biology of osseointegration, indications and contraindications for use of currently available implant systems, and reported outcomes. Future directions of orthopaedic osseointegration technology, including electronic systems capable of biomimetic bidirectional volitional motor control of, and sensory/proprioceptive feedback from, external prosthetic devices, will also be discussed.
Stress or help, how does the grey heron Ardea cinerea L. modify the vegetation structure of the forest floor?
Authors: Hryń Wiktoria , Czarnecka Joanna , Kitowski Ignacy , Bartmiński Piotr , Zubel Robert
Published: June 2019

The grey heron (Ardea cinerea) is a good example of an engineering species that forms nesting colonies (called heronries) composed of up to a few hundred nests during the breeding season. It exerts strong pressure on surrounding vegetation, mainly because of the heavy input of organic matter and high eutrophication. The birds also alter light conditions through direct tree damage. We aimed to examine the influence of a grey heron breeding colony on the soil properties and functional composition of the herb layer in two different forest communities: a suboceanic pine forest and a riparian mixed forest. We also wanted to establish whether these changes would make the forest ecosystem more vulnerable to colonization by nonforest species with higher light and trophic demands. Small-seeded, light demanding eutrophic species showed a tendency to be more abundant under the nests in both forest types. The calculated odds ratio (OR) showed that the probability of the presence of nonforest species under the nests was 29.5 times higher than that in the control plots (56 plants species were analyzed). Additionally, the nonforest species appeared to have high light and trophic demand (OR of 12.3 for light demand; OR of 7.0 for trophic demand), which explains the species turnover observed in the bird-affected microhabitats.
The Silence of Movement
Authors: Sheets-Johnstone Maxine ,   Semiotic Society of America
Published: June 2019

The kinetic silence of movement has formidable powers. Observations of a film critic, poet, professor of political history, and medical doctor attest to the fact that that silence is replete with meanings. Those meanings in turn testify to a movement-anchored corporeal semiotics that resounds not merely functionally but experientially in animate forms of life. It does so consistently and directly in kinesthesia, the ever-present sense modality by which we experience the qualitative dynamics of movement and synergies of meaningful movement. Phylogenetic and ontogenetic perspectives attest to these dynamics and synergies. So also does Aristotle’s description of movement as a sensu communis. Because a movement-anchored corporeal semiotics discovers and describes what is existentially meaningful in the lives of animate organisms, such a semiotics is the foundation of a cognitive semiotics. It is so in a number of everyday ways, most notably in terms of thinking in movement and of cognition itself.