bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thickness of the eyelid structures in different age groups based on the ultrasound study
Authors: Gushchina M. B. , Nadtochiy A. G. , Tereshchenko A. V. , Afanasyeva D. S.
Published: December 2024

Most of the literature data on eyelid structures are based on the measurements in cadavers or histological samples. Nonetheless, such data can differ from the living tissues with interstitial fluid and filled vessels. In clinical work, specialists sometimes need to be aware of the in vivo parameters of eyelids tissue structures.

Information on live thickness of eyelid structures supports diagnostic process and surgery planning. Nonetheless, the eyelids are affected by age related changes as other facial soft tissues.

Purpose: To compare thickness of normal eyelid structures measured with ultrasound in various age groups.

Methods. This prospective observational study was comprised of intact eyelids of 37 patients with a mean age of 46 ± 13.13 years (aged 27–79 years; 28 women). All subjects were divided into 4 groups with an interval of 10 years from 20 to 60 years and a group of aged above 60 years. Same operator took measurements skin, circular eye muscle, conjunctiva, tarsus and their composition of both eyelids with B-scan ultrasonography.

Results. We established some age-related trends for all parameters, but two of them change the most significantly. The lower eyelid skin thickness in group of 31–40 years old people (1.2 [1.0;1.4] mm) significantly differed from the values in the groups of people aged 41–50 (1.65 [1.45;1.85] mm and 51–60 лет (2.05 [1.73;2.7] мм. Upper eyelid conjunctiva at the level of tarsal plate upper margin also tends to be thicker in people( older 60 years (0.97 [0.8;1.2] mm) than in younger adults, especially at the age of 21–30 (0.49 [0.44;0.55], p = 0.053) and 41-50 y.o. (0.58 [0.50;0.65] mm, p = 0.053).

Conclusion. Significant differences in the skin thickness of the lower eyelid were detected in the group of 31–40 years from the values in the groups of 41–50 years (p = 0.03) and 51–60 years (p = 0.05). In persons over 60 years of age, the conjunctiva of the upper eyelid at the level of the upper edge of the TP was significantly thicker than in younger age groups. It was noted that most of the structures of the upper eyelid (skin, conjunctiva, TP, conjunctiva-TP complex, orbicularis oculi muscle and the total thickness of the eyelid at the level of TP) in all age groups are much thinner (p <0.05) than the corresponding structures of the lower eyelid. The obtained data can serve as a guide for diagnosis and planning of surgical interventions.
Characterization of the structure of local complications of necrotic pancreatitis in the late phase using CT and MRI
Authors: Arablinskii A. V. , Titov M. Yu. , Buslavskaya A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Computed tomography is the most common imaging modality used to identify necrotic collectionsin acute pancreatitis. However, using CT alone, it can be difficult to differentiate necrotic residues from the liquid component, which plays an important role in planning the intervention and predicting the outcome.

Objective. To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the specifics of the use of CT and MRI in characterizing these complications. To characterize and structure local complications of pancreatic necrosis in the late phase using CT and MRI.

Materials and methods. The data of patients of the Botkin State Clinical Hospital for 2017–2022 with a diagnosis of necrotising pancreatitis, who underwent both CT and MRI after 2 weeks or more from the onset of the disease (2nd or late phase of necrotising pancreatitis), were analyzed. There are 57 people in total (34 men and 23 women), the age range is 18–71 years. CT was performed with intravenous four-phase contrast, images in the pancreatic phase were used for evaluation. MRI was performed using a standard protocol including T2-weighted images or the MRCP protocol.

Results. A total of 102 peripancreatic collectionswere identified, the minimum size for evaluation was 20 mm, one patient could have more than one collection. The data obtained were structured in pairs: one collection corresponded to its images on CT and on MRI. CT showed a sensitivity of 77% with respect to dense material in the structure, while MRI revealed sequestration in all cases, sensitivity of 100%. It was possible to visualize the communication of the main pancreatic duct with accumulation on MRI in 12% of cases, on CT in 4% of cases. The identified collectionswere classified into three types based on their structure.

Conclusions. CT remains the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and necrotising pancreatitis, however, it has limited sensitivity in characterizing the structure of local complications in the late phase of the disease. Due to its greater tissue contrast MRI allows to assess the composition of peripancreatic collections and determine their possible connection with the ductal system. The types of collectionswe have identified based on CT and MRI imaging contribute to a more objective assessment of the picture in order to select the most appropriate method of patient management and the type of possible surgical treatment.
Diagnostic imaging for oligo metastatic disease. General questions (a brief review of the literature)
Authors: Nudnov N. V. , Panshin G. A.
Published: December 2024

Brief Summary. Visualization of oligometastatic disease (OMD) is a complex diagnostic task, since it requires determining the exact loco-regional stage of cancer and assessing the condition of the patient's entire body in terms of possible detection of polymetastatic condition in the form of detection of disseminated metastases. Given this circumstance, quite often a combination of visualization methods is required.

Purpose of the study: to analyze the possibilities of modern diagnostic imaging methods for oligo metastatic disease and determine the further directions of their development.

Conclusion. Diagnostic imaging is extremely important in the implementation of standard methods of modern antitumor treatment (assessment of the response to special treatment of solid tumors using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and bone scintigraphy), as well as advanced imaging methods (functional, metabolic and radionuclide targeting) to identify and dynamically monitor patients with oligometastatic disease.
Comparative analysis of computed tomography techniques in assessing the topographic and anatomical condition of the gastric veins
Authors: Yagubova K. V. , Yudin A. L. , Afanas’eva N. I. , Yumatova E. A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Computed tomography is the most common diagnostic method for pathological changes in the abdominal organs in institutions providing routine and emergency medical care. Computed tomography is increasingly becoming a method for assessing the condition of blood vessels, including in patients with portal hypertension, which requires assessment of the condition of the veins of the esophagus and stomach.

The purpose of the study. Determination of the optimal technique for performing computed tomography to study the gastric veins.

Materials and methods. The results of studies of 1562 patients who underwent various computed tomography techniques in medical institutions in Moscow from December 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively assessed. The research results are archived in the unified radiological information system (RIS) in Moscow.

Results. 1051 patients were examined using the standard multiphase computed tomography technique. The topographic and anatomical characteristics of the gastric veins were determined just in 50.01% of cases due to the collapsed state of the stomach. 78 studies were carried out after taking oral contrast agents, veins were identified in 37.44% of cases. The difficulty of imaging is determined by the presence of hyperdense contrast agent in the gastric lumen. After gastric inflation with air, the results of a study of 52 patients were assessed. Positive visualization of gastric veins was obtained in 45% of patients. 381 patients underwent computed tomography with the stomach filled with water (hydro-CT). Normal veins measuring 1 or more millimeters in diameter were visualized and localized in 60.6–72.5% of patients, which is significantly better compared to the standard research method (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. Assessment of the condition of the gastric veins should be carried out using the hydro-CT technique, which significantly improves the assessment of the topographic and anatomical features of the vessels compared to the standard CT technique.
Echocardiographic assessment of the structural and functional properties of the left ventricle in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sokolov A. A. , Kozhanov R. S. , Egunov O. A. , Krivoshchekov E. V.
Published: December 2024

Aim. Analysis of the structural and systole-diastolic characteristics of the left chambers of the heart in children with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Materials and methods. A comprehensive retrospective comparative echocardiographic study of children with obstructive HCM aged 1–17 years (n = 52) and a control group (n = 1060) of healthy children of the same age was performed.

Results. The main indicators of the structural and systole-diastolic properties of the left chambers of the heart in children of two groups were analyzed. In addition, in patients with HCM, the correlation between parameters of systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle and the thickness of the interventricular septum was assessed. Most of the indicators characterizing the systolic properties of the LV had no correlation with an increase in the thickness of the IVS. Diastolic parameters – the rate of myocardial relaxation during the rapid filling phase, determined by tissue Doppler mode (e), and LV filling pressure – statistically significantly correlated with an increase in IVS thickness.

Conclusions. Echocardiography in children with obstructive HCM remains the gold standard for diagnosis, allowing a comprehensive assessment of the main structural characteristics of the heart chambers.
Ultrasound of accessory and cavitated uterine mass (ACUM): clinical cases and literature review
Authors: Esipova I. A. , Bulanov M. N. , Krasnova I. A.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is a review of literature and our own experience in diagnosing of Müllerian duct anomaly – accessory and cavitated uterine mass (ACUM). The lack of uniform approach to the terminology, classification, methods of diagnosis and treatment makes this anomaly relevant for a multidisciplinary evaluation.
Practical use of S-Detect Thyroid artificial intelligence-based program for automatic detection and characterization of thyroid nodules
Authors: Bulanov M. N. , Verkhovskaya O. I.
Published: December 2024

In order to assess the practical efficacy of the S-Detect Thyroid artificial intelligence-based program for automatic detection and analysis of thyroid lesions, the prospective assessment of 84 focal thyroid lesions was carried out. he risk of malignancy was stratified according to the EU-TIRADS at the same time. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed for all detected nodules of EU-TIRADS 3–5 category and a diameter ≥10 mm. Cytological examination was performed using the Bethesda classification. According to the cytology data, all patients were divided into two groups: 73 patients with benign thyroid nodules (Bethesda II) and 11 patients with malignant nodules (Bethesda V). Patients with “uncertain” Bethesda categories “I”, “III”, and “IV” were excluded from the study. The results of the study showed that the use of the S-Detect program based on artificial intelligence allows for differential diagnostics of benign (Bethesda II) and malignant (Bethesda V) thyroid nodules with a sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 94.5%, positive and negative predictive value of 71.4% and 98.6%, accuracy of 94%, and AUC 0.941. In our opinion, the best results of all program settings show the S-Detect “High Accuracy” mode, which we recommend for practical use. In some cases, there was disagreement between the S-Detect and the doctor's opinion in characterizing the nodule structure and echogenicity, as well as in determining the presence of macro- and microcalcifications. In our opinion, the use of the S-Detect benign/malignant criteria as indications for needle aspiration biopsy would avoid obviously unnecessary diagnostic interventions in some patients with thyroid nodules classified as EU TIRADS 3–5. However, the S-Detect artificial intelligence program cannot currently fully replace the doctor's intellect, erudition, and experience.
Standardization of the protocol of superficial lymph node ultrasound. Consensus of experts of the Russian association of specialists of ultrasound in medicine (RASUDM)
Authors: Fisenko E. P. , Allahverdieva G. F. , Bulanov M. N. , Busko E. A. , Vetsheva N. N. , Vozgoment O. V. , Gagonova V. E. , Danzanova T. Yu. , Zabolotskaya N. V. , Kapustin V. V. , Katrich A. N. , Kostromina E. V. , Lepedatu P. I. , Nadtochiy A. G. , Ryabikov A. N. , Sencha A. N. , Sinyukova G. T. , Khamzina F. T. , Sholokhov V. N.
Published: December 2024

A standard protocol for superficial lymph node (LN) ultrasound is presented. The document consists of a technological (1) and descriptive (2) protocols. The technological protocol describes the technique of superficial LN ultrasound. The descriptive protocol contains a detailed report of the results of superficial LN ultrasound, which ends with a conclusion. Modern domestic and foreign clinical and diagnostic recommendations that determine the indications for superficial LN ultrasound are analyzed.

The presented standard protocol for superficial LN ultrasound fully complies with current Russian clinical recommendations and does not contradict foreign clinical and diagnostic recommendations.
Trends and tools for the digital transformation of healthcare in the Republic of Crimea
Authors: MOISEENKO Vladislav A.
Published: December 2024

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the large-scale digital transformation of the economy of the Russian Federation and the problems of increasing labor productivity.
Objectives. The article aims to develop tools to improve the socio-economic efficiency of the healthcare system in the Republic of Crimea.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical and statistical analyses.
Results. The article determines that the formation of an information and technical base that ensures the effective distribution and use of resources while improving the quality and speed of medical care will contribute to the success of digital transformation in the healthcare sector of the Republic of Crimea.
Conclusions. Reducing the bureaucratic burden, improving the quality of interdepartmental cooperation, optimizing time and labor costs for the provision of medical care are the main tasks for the healthcare industry of the Republic of Crimea.
Prevalence and pattern of hearing loss associated with using earphones among medical students in Qassim Region
Authors: Alenezi Mazyad , Alanazy Sultan , Alharbi Bassam , Alharbi Mohammed , Alkhalifah Khalid , Alrumayh Jawaher , Alharbi Rayan , Musslem Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss among medical students in the Qassim region, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study, conducted over 6 months at Qassim University. Data were collected via an online questionnaire, adapted from a previous study.
Results: This study showed that 94.0% of medical students used headphones, predominantly dual earphones (92.8%). Common issues included hearing people around (54.0%), occasional volume adjustments (54.0%), and mild hearing problems (33.6%). Earphone usage reasons included lectures (33.2%) and music (33.1%). Concerningly, 40.9% had trouble in conversations and 15.7% felt worsening hearing. Gender (p-value = 0.015), age >23 years (p-value = 0.004), and medication use (p-value = 0.023) correlated with severity. Non-users had higher severity (p-value = 0.030), as did left-ear users (p-value = 0.048), and those using headphones more frequently (p-value = 0.034, p-value = 0.011).
Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of headphone-related hearing issues among Qassim University medical students. Factors such as gender, age, and medication use contribute to severity, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the development of osteoporosis in elderly individuals: a systematic review
Authors: Alshahrani ‏Faisal , Alothman ‏Norah , Alsuliman ‏Mudhawi , Alqahtani ‏Kholud , Qaed ‏Salwa , Alshahrani ‏Huda , Alqahtani ‏Manar , Asiri ‏Muzun
Published: December 2024

This review aimed to systematically review and analyze existing literature on the association of COPD with osteoporosis in elderly individuals. For this purpose, a comprehensive search was carried out using the four primary databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, to find the relevant literature. The summary tables that were created using information from relevant studies provided a qualitative assessment of the research findings and their constituent parts. A total of nine studies encompassing 3,957 patients were analyzed, of which 1,743 were diagnosed with COPD, and 2,228 (56.3%) were males. Among the COPD patients, 553 (31.7%) were found to have osteoporosis. The prevalence ranged from 18% to 65.7%. Osteoporosis was found prevalent in COPD patients and with higher prevalence when compared to other pulmonary diseases such as bronchial asthma. This prevalence was not related to systemic steroid treatment but multifactorial and associated with pathological fractures. Underweight, older participants, and anemic groups had a higher frequency of osteoporosis. COPD is a significant public health concern. According to the body of research, alarming datum was discovered about the prevalence of COPD by several measures. Therefore, government authorities need to control COPD as a top priority to reduce the global burden of this chronic respiratory disease. One risk factor that needs to be addressed by appropriate treatment and prevention measures is the development of permanent airway obstruction.
Management of pulmonary aspergilloma concomitant with pleural empyema post tuberculous infection: a case report
Authors: Alsubhi Shahad , Alismail Mohammed , Elbawab Hatem
Published: December 2024

Background: Aspergilloma is a common sequela of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), often forming in cavitary lesions left by the disease. Surgical intervention, such as lobectomy, is the standard treatment for symptomatic or complicated cases. However, this report presents a rare instance of complete resolution of a TB-related aspergilloma complicated by empyema without surgical resection.
Case Presentation: A 57-year-old female with a history of TB treated 10 years before, presented with short ness of breath, dry cough, and recurrent pleural effusions. Imaging revealed a right upper lobe aspergilloma and hydropneumothorax. She underwent chest tube drainage and received antifungal therapy with voriconazole alongside antibiotics. Despite initial improvement, the patient experienced hemoptysis and was advised to undergo surgical resection, but she refused. Over a 3-year follow-up period, the patient showed gradual improvement, and imaging revealed complete resolution of the aspergilloma, with residual scarring only.
Discussion: This case highlights the potential for spontaneous resolution of TB-related aspergilloma in the absence of surgical intervention. While surgical resection remains the standard for complicated aspergillomas, individualized treatment strategies incorporating medical management, drainage, and close monitoring may result in favorable outcomes in selected patients.
Conclusion: This case demonstrates the importance of personalized, patient-centered care in managing TB-related aspergillosis. Non-surgical strategies, when carefully implemented and monitored, may offer a viable alternative to surgery in appropriately selected cases.
Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas 2 Sekolah Inklusi SDN Wirolegi 1 Jember dan Implementasi Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi
Authors: Prawira Sophian Djaka , Wahyuni Eny Tri
Published: December 2024

Kemampuan membaca dengan memahami isi bacaan adalah hal yang sangat mutlak diperlukan di dalam pendidikan, di mana pendidikan merupakan salah satu faktor terpenting dalam meningkatkan sumber daya manusia dan taraf kehidupan bangsa. Kemampuan membaca merupakan kemampuan dasar dan menjadi prioritas untuk dikembangkan sejak dini, terutama di sekolah dasar. Salah satu jenis membaca di sekolah dasar adalah membaca permulaan yang diajarkan di fase awal kelas 1 dan 2 sekolah dasar. Membaca merupakan proses mengucapkan tulisan, serta menanggapi dan memahami isi bahasa tulisan. Setiap kelas memiliki kumpulan peserta didik yang unik dan beragam. Beragamnya minat, gaya belajar, dan latar belakang budaya peserta didik menggambarkan perbedaan karakteristik tersebut. Terutama pada kelas yang ada di sekolah inklusi. Salah satu sekolah inklusi di Jember adalah SDN Wirolegi 1. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive sampling dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 28 responden. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah raata-rata kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 2 SDN Wirolegi 1 Jember pada mengenal huruf dengan skor 66,43; aspek membaca kata bermakna dengan skor sebesar 62,5; aspek membaca kata tidak berarti dengan skor sebesar 59,29; aspek kelancaran membaca nyaring dan pemahaman bacaan dengan skor sebesar 61,07; dan aspek menyimak (pemahaman mendengar) dengan skor sebesar 62,86. Strategi yang dapat digunakan seorang pendidik pada kelas inklusi adalah pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi menunjukkan bahwa pendidik lebih mampu mengidentifikasi, menyelidiki, dan melayani kebutuhan belajar yang berbeda dari peserta didik yang beragam.
Passive Thermal Management of an Electric Trainer Aircraft Battery Pack Considering Aging
Authors: Veilleux Émile , Pasdarshahri Hadi , Rancourt David , Daoudji Doriane Ibtissam Hassaine
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the use of a passive in-flight battery thermal management system for an electric trainer aircraft. The proposed architecture employs a high-conductivity heat pipe coupled with a heat sink to provide cooling. Two different thermal management approaches are used for ground and flight operations. During charge, a ground-based air conditioning unit is used for thermal management. In flight, the system relies on preconditioning of the battery pack’s thermal mass to limit the temperature rise to acceptable levels, reducing the onboard weight and complexity associated with the battery thermal management system. To assess the performance of the proposed system over the entire lifetime of the battery pack, for both flight and ground operations, a coupled electrothermal-aging model based on semi-empirical data was created and validated experimentally for a notional touch-and-go training mission of a conceptual electric Cessna 172N. Resulting time-dependent performance diagrams presenting the evolution of maximum battery temperature, the ground turnaround time, and the capacity fade are used to determine operational constraints throughout the 2-year-and-a-half lifetime of the pack.
Análisis del humor en los cumplidos
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia (Colombia), Lopera Sergio
Published: December 2024

This article presents an interactional analysis of humor in compliments. The instruments used to gather data involved note-taking and discourse completion tests (DCTs). Results show that speakers use different linguistic strategies in humor that help increase the illocutionary force of the compliment: interjections in the initial position, words that belong to parlache, fixed expressions, and names of famous people. In the responses, the category “accepting” and the subcategory “thanking” are the most representative. Occasionally, speakers also use intentional and conscious self-politeness, accompanied by a smile in their responses. All these linguistic elements are used to increase the expressive intention of the compliment as a speech act. It is concluded that speakers use humor with an affiliate and supportive effect in their interactions.
El nacionalismo del nicaragüense Anselmo Fletes Bolaños: un análisis de su repertorio Regionales (1922)
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid (España), Martín Cuadrado Carmen
Published: December 2024

This work aims to contribute to the studies of Nicaraguan historical lexicography through an analysis of Anselmo Fletes Bolaños’s Regionales (1922). Its author was a nationalist who defended the value of the Nicaraguan language, confronting the purist and conservative trends of the 19th and 20th centuries. To expose his patriotism and his links to folklore, he used phraseological units and Nicaraguanisms. After presenting the author’s biography and historical context, these units are analyzed to show how the extralinguistic elements noticeably affect the linguistic ones. Eventually, the reasons why Fletes Bolaños published this text can be better understood.
Análisis de errores cometidos por grecófonos en el proceso de aprendizaje de ELE: la interlengua en el nivel C1
Authors:   Universidad Aristóteles de Tesalónica  (Grecia), Peramos Soler Natividad , Leontaridi Eleni ,   Universidad Aristóteles de Tesalónica  (Grecia), Gómez Laguna Isaac ,   Universidad de Zaragoza  (España)
Published: December 2024

This study presents an error analysis of Greek students at the C1 level of Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL). The research is based on a comprehensive corpus of written essays by adult learners whose native language is Greek. In addition to identifying errors, we propose potential underlying causes for these incorrect language choices. The results of this analysis, along with a detailed classification of errors from semantic, lexical, and morphosyntactic perspectives, provide insights into the development and nature of errors at an advanced stage of language acquisition. The goal of this research is to examine the progression of errors in the interlanguage of Greek learners of SFL, with the aim of generating objective data that can enhance language teaching practices.
Transforming orthodontics with artificial intelligence: A comprehensive review
Authors: Thakur Sanika Mukund , Shenoy Usha , Hazare Ananya , Karia Himija , Khorgade Pritam , Nandeshwar Nivedita , Bhattacharya Sangita
Published: December 2024

Orthodontics, the dental specialty dedicated to correcting misaligned teeth and enhancing dental aesthetics, has experienced notable progress with the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI). This article offers an in-depth review of AI’s role in the field, emphasizing recent advancements, current uses, and potential future developments. By leveraging AI, orthodontics has seen significant improvements in diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient outcomes. The discussion also explores the promising directions AI technology may take in further revolutionizing orthodontic care. AI is being applied across multiple aspects of orthodontic practice, with notable applications in image analysis, treatment planning, and outcome prediction. AI-powered software can analyze dental images, including X-rays, panoramic radiographs, and intraoral scans, to detect and diagnose orthodontic conditions with high accuracy. Furthermore, AI algorithms can assist orthodontists in creating personalized treatment plans by simulating tooth movements, predicting treatment outcomes, and optimizing treatment sequences. These systems also support remote monitoring of patient progress, enhancing treatment adherence, and facilitating timely interventions. Looking ahead, the future of AI in orthodontics holds immense promise for further advancements and innovations. Continued research and development efforts are expected to refine existing AI algorithms and expand the scope of AI applications in orthodontic practice. Areas of future exploration include the integration of AI with emerging technologies, such as 3D printing and virtual reality, to enhance treatment customization and patient engagement. In conclusion, AI is poised to revolutionize orthodontic practice, offering unprecedented opportunities to enhance diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient care. By harnessing the transformative power of AI, the orthodontic community can advance the field, improve treatment outcomes, and ultimately enhance the quality of care for patients worldwide.
Community Adaptation in Facing Landslide Risk in Bandungan District, Semarang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Tjahjono Heri , Hanafi Fahrudin , Nugroho Trisnu Brata , . Sunarno , Miftahurridlo Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Data from BPBD Semarang Regency shows that the increase in landslide disasters is always followed by an increase in losses in the form of casualties and property. From 2019 to 2022, the incidence of landslides in Semarang Regency continues to increase. In 2019, there were 69 landslides, in 2020 there were 122 landslides, in 2021 there were 141 landslides and in 2022 there were 147 landslides. In 2020, 6 landslides occurred in Bandungan subdistrict, while in 2021 there were 17 landslides. This needs serious attention from the Government and the community. The community not only faces threats before a disaster occurs, but also has to bear the risk of loss of life and property due to disasters, so it is necessary to make efforts to minimize disaster risks including “adaptation innovation” in the face of disasters.

This research is an observational study that was analyzed descriptively quantitatively. Data on landslide hazard, terrain vulnerability, community capacity in dealing with landslides and “adaptation innovation” in dealing with landslides were analyzed by scoring and map overlay analysis with ArcGIS technology. Based on data analysis, variations in the level of avalanche hazard/threat and “adaptation innovations” in dealing with avalanches were produced.
Impact of Neighbouring Excavation on Diaphragm Wall under Seismic Loading
Authors: Sneha Suruchi , Abbas Syed Mohammad , Sahu A.K.
Published: December 2024

The existing diaphragm walls may be affected by the new structure as well as any excavation work required for the surrounding projects. During an earthquake, this effect can be more pronounced. It is therefore, suggested to create the diaphragm wall and the neighbouring excavation models with the intention of researching the influence of excavation upon diaphragm wall under dynamic conditions. For the investigation, a case study involving a diaphragm wall located in Noida was taken into account. The diaphragm wall and nearby excavation were modelled utilizing the Plaxis 3D program. By altering the space between the excavation and the diaphragm wall and entering the time-history acceleration data from an earlier earthquake, it was possible to examine the impact of the nearby excavation for the new construction on the diaphragm wall under dynamic conditions. The outcomes of three-dimensional numerical analysis were compared.

The study has revealed that the wall's horizontal displacement increases with increasing the space between the wall and the excavation until it arrives at an approximate value that resembles the wall's horizontal deflection without nearby excavation. Graphs of shear force and bending moment were also compared and similar variations were found.
СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ ФАКТОРОВ, ПРЕДОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИХ ПЕРЕХОДНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В БУРОВЗРЫВНЫХ РАБОТАХ
Authors: Реготунов Андрей Сергеевич , Кутуев Вячеслав Александрович , Жариков Сергей Николаевич
Published: December 2024

Представлены результаты анализа основных влияющих факторов внешней и внутренней среды, предопределяющих необходимость в осуществлении переходных процессов для адаптации к сложившимся условиям как всей системы «горное предприятие», так и отдельных ее подсистем. Анализ факторов выполнен для подсистемы «буровзрывные работы». Для научного решения обозначенной задачи применен новый методологический подход чл.-корр. РАН, проф.¸ д.т.н. В.Л. Яковлева. На основе выполненного анализа получены и приведены результаты классификации и систематизации основных факторов, предопределяющих наступление переходных процессов в буровзрывных работах. Предлагаемый подход позволил выявить целостную картину основных взаимодействующих факторов в подсистеме «буровзрывные работы». Применение результатов систематизации основных факторов обеспечивает научную основу при планировании инновационного развития буровзрывных работ и позволяет спрогнозировать влияние на состояние подсистемы «буровзрывные работы» изменяющихся факторов внешней и внутренней среды, в том числе факторов, связанных с внедрением инноваций.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the main influencing factors of the external and internal environment that determine the need for the implementation of transient processes to adapt to the prevailing conditions as the entire system of the mining enterprise and its individual subsystems. The analysis of factors was performed for the subsystem «drilling and blasting». For the scientific solution of the designated problem, a new methodological approach was applied by Prof. V.L. Yakovlev, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Technical Sciences. Based on the performed analysis, the results of classification and systematization of the main factors determining the onset of transients in drilling and blasting operations are obtained and presented. The proposed approach made it possible to identify a holistic factors in the «drilling and blasting» subsystem. The application of the results of the systematization of the main factors provides a scientific basis for planning the innovative development of drilling and blasting operations and allows to predict the impact on the state of the «drilling and blasting» subsystem of changing factors of external and internal environment, including those related to the introduction of innovations.
Practical application of the immunocytochemical research method in the diagnosis of precancerous diseases of the cervix
Authors:   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Kirillina M.P. , Sofronova S.I. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Nikolaev V.M. ,   Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Golderova A.S. ,   M.K. Ammosov NEFU Medical Institute, Komzin K.V. ,   M.K. Ammosov NEFU Medical Institute
Published: December 2024

Patients with cervical pathology were analyzed by cytological, immunocytochemical and molecular genetic tests. Among the selected groups, 78 women were more likely to have low-grade dysplasia, or LSIL (16.3%). In more than half of the cases (60.2%) in women who were tested, positive HPV tests were observed. The majority of positive HPV tests in the were for high oncogenic risk (32%), with 16 (19.1%) and 31 (8.5%) being the most common types. It was found that the frequency of double staining of p16ink4a/Ki67 was noted in women with a high degree of intraepithelial lesion (37%), and the detection of HPV type 16 was prevailed - 19.1%. The number of cases in the group of women without pathology, but with latent HPV infection, cases with a positive HPV test and a negative result of p16/Ki67 protein expression prevailed was 94.1%. It was found that the number of p16-positive cells was higher in women of group 1 with LSIL (55.8%) and group 2 (44.4%) with HSIL. In the group of women without cervical pathology, but with latent HPV infection, indicators of weak expression of p16ink4a were most frequently recorded (57.1%).
Keywords: cytology, diagnostics, human papillomavirus, dysplasia.
The state of the adaptive potential of the working population in the zone of increased radiation exposure
Authors:   Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Olesova L.D. , Chevychelov A.P. ,   Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, Sobakin P.I. ,   Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, Okhlopkova E.D. ,   Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Popova T.E. ,   Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Sofronova S.I. ,   Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems, Romanova A.N. ,   Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical Problems
Published: December 2024

A radiological and medical-biological study of the population of Aldan and Tommot of the Aldan region of South Yakutia, located in the zone of increased natural radiation, was carried out. The annual individual effective exposure dose to the population turned out to be 2 times higher in the city of Aldan (6.22 mSv). The contribution of radon and its decay products in the city of Aldan was 59.5%, in the city of Tommot - 48.3%.
Assessment of the adaptive potential (AP) of the circulatory system of the population showed a high percentage of the occurrence of functional stress of adaptation mechanisms, especially among residents of the city of Aldan (86.5%). The correlation showed a negative role of an increase in the level of triglycerides, urea, the activity of LDH, CK, and a decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase on AP. The presence of GBL dysfunction and, especially, fatty hepatosis was also associated with a decrease in AP.
Keywords: radon, radiation, adaptive potential, Yakutia, fatty hepatosis.
Развитие системы электронного документооборота в судах общей юрисдикции
Authors: Балдин А.К. , Бровкина Е.А.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию вопросов внедрения и функционирования технологий электронного документооборота в деятельности судов общей юрисдикции. Развитие концепции «электронного судопроизводства» обусловлено тем, что в настоящее время возникла объективная потребность в организации взаимодействия между участниками судебных процессов без участия бумажных документов и личных встреч. Негативные внешнеполитические факторы, а также неоспоримые преимущества систем электронного документооборота способствуют переходу органов судебной системы на качественно новый уровень развития и использованию более продвинутых технологий при осуществлении правосудия. Авторами проанализированы преимущества электронного документооборота в сравнении с традиционным, рассмотрены правила работы с электронными документами в судах общей юрисдикции, а также изучены элементы концепции «электронное судопроизводство». В качестве основных методов при рассмотрении заявленной темы использовались теоретический анализ, синтез, сравнение, изучение нормативных правовых и методических документов; применялся также исторический метод. В результате проведенного исследования сделаны выводы о значительной роли электронного документооборота в деятельности судов общей юрисдикции при осуществлении правосудия и защите прав и законных интересов участников судебных процессов.

The article is devoted to the study of the implementation and functioning of electronic document management technologies in the activities of courts of general jurisdiction. The development of the concept of «electronic court proceedings» is due to the fact that at present there is an objective need to organize interaction between participants in court proceedings without the participation of paper documents and personal meetings. Negative foreign policy factors, as well as the undeniable advantages of electronic document management systems, contribute to the transition of the judicial system to a qualitatively new level of development and the use of more advanced technologies in the administration of justice. The authors analyzed the advantages of electronic document management in comparison with the traditional one, considered the rules for working with electronic documents in courts of general jurisdiction, and also studied the elements of the concept of «electronic legal proceedings». Theoretical analysis, synthesis, comparison, study of regulatory and methodological documents were used as the main methods when considering the stated topic, and the historical method was used. As a result of the conducted research, conclusions are drawn about the significant role of electronic document management in the activities of courts of general jurisdiction in the administration of justice and the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of participants in court proceedings.
К вопросу об уголовной ответственности за легализацию (отмывание) денежных средств или иного имущества, приобретенного преступным путем
Authors: Батюкова В.Е.
Published: December 2024

Преступность в сфере экономической деятельности представляет собой чрезвычайно сложное общественно опасное явление, которое способно вызвать дестабилизацию банковской, торговой и иной деятельности в экономической сфере и нанести огромный вред национальной и межнациональной экономике в целом. Автор рассматривает проблемы правоприменительной практики по делам о легализации преступных доходов (статьи 174 и 174.1 Уголовного кодекса РФ), анализирует судебную практику по таким делам и приводит позиции Пленума Верховного Суда РФ. Ключевые слова: экономическая безопасность, легализация преступных доходов, отмывание, предупреждение, преступные схемы, противодействие, правоприменительная практика.

Crime in the sphere of economic activity is an extremely complex socially dangerous phenomenon that can cause destabilization of banking, trade and other activities in the economic sphere and cause enormous harm to the national and international economy as a whole. The author examines the problems of law enforcement practice in cases of money laundering (Articles 174 and 174.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), analyzes judicial practice in such cases and cites the positions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation.
Расследование фактов коррупционного поведения должностных лиц в имениях Крестьянского поземельного банка на рубеже XIX—XX веков (историко-правовой анализ).
Authors: Фролов С.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье проводится исследование фактов корыстного злоупотребления властью в конце XIX века заведующим имениями Тамбовского отделения Крестьянского поземельного банка П.Ф. Троицким и нанятыми ему в помощь приказчиками. Анализ архивного материала свидетельствует, что, несмотря на принятые меры профилактики, в начале XX века также наблюдались факты присвоения денежных средств, получаемых с крестьян за аренду земли. Похожее корыстное поведение должностных лиц было характерной особенностью в деятельности и других отделений банка. Автор делает вывод о подрыве доверия крестьян к правовому порядку в Российской империи на рубеже XIX — XX веков. Подобное явление в целом создавало предпосылку для возникновения революционной ситуации в деревне.

The article examines the facts of selfish abuse of power at the end of the 19th century by the head of the estates of the Tambov branch of the Peasant Land Bank P.F. Troitsky and the clerks hired to help him. An analysis of archival material shows that, despite the preventive measures taken, at the beginning of the 20th century there were also cases of misappropriation of funds received from peasants for renting land. Similar selfish behavior of officials was a characteristic feature in the activities of other branches of the bank. The author concludes that peasants' trust in the legal order in the Russian Empire at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries was undermined. This phenomenon generally created the preconditions for the emergence of a revolutionary situation in the village.
Понятие «примирение» в международном праве
Authors: Ганиева А.Т.
Published: December 2024

Процессы интернационализации и глобализации международных отношений нередко сопровождаются столкновениями политических интересов первичных субъектов международного права, могущих перерасти в ситуацию возникновения международного спора. Организацией Объединенных Наций определены средства мирного разрешения международных споров, одним из которых выступает примирение. Необходимость тщательного, всеобъемлющего изучения механизма данного средства разрешения споров обусловлена политико-правовой природой деятельности международных согласительных комиссий, а также недооцененным мировым сообществом потенциалом их применения. В рамках данной статьи автором предпринимаются попытки определения правовой природы и специфики примирения как международного правового средства мирного разрешения споров посредством установления его дефинитивной составляющей. Анализируются проблемы эклектичности процедуры примирения, минимизации политического авторитета международных согласительных комиссий, а также декларативности принимаемых ими решений. На основе анализа международных правовых актов, отечественных и зарубежных доктринальных источников предлагается определение понятия «примирение» в узком и широком смысле, обосновывается также вывод о положительном аспекте гибридности данной процедуры.

The processes of internationalization and globalization of international relations are often accompanied by clashes of political interests of the primary subjects of international law, which can develop into a situation of international dispute. The United Nations has identified means of peaceful settlement of international disputes, one of which is reconciliation. The need for a thorough, comprehensive study of the mechanism of this means of dispute resolution is due to the political and legal nature of the activities of international conciliation commissions, as well as the underestimated potential of their application by the world community. Within the framework of this article, the author attempts to determine the legal nature, specifics of reconciliation as an international legal means of peaceful settlement of disputes by establishing its definitive component. The problems of eclecticism of the reconciliation procedure, minimization of the political authority of international conciliation commissions, as well as the declarativeness of their decisions are analyzed. Based on the analysis of international legal acts, domestic and foreign doctrinal sources, the definition of the concept of "reconciliation" in a narrow and broad sense is proposed, and the conclusion about the positive aspect of the hybridity of this procedure is also substantiated.
СУЩНОСТЬ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЯ СВОП-ДОГОВОРОВ
Authors: Рабият Абдулгашимовна Кутаева , Айна Мамедовна Шахбанова
Published: December 2024

в данной статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с определением понятия своп-договор. Раскрывается финансовая суть своп-договора и анализируются различные формулировки понятия своп-договор. Несмотря на распространенность своп-договоров, его понятие и содержание не являются однозначно определенными.
ТРУДОВАЯ МИГРАЦИЯ В РОССИИ
Authors: Нурова Гюльназ Шамильевна , Юсупова Муслимат Гасановна
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена проблемам трудовой миграции в современной России. Массовая категория иностранных граждан, носящий культуру и язык своей страны, часто вызывает негативную, а порой и агрессивную, реакцию коренного населения, что в значительной степени влияет на межнациональные отношения, ситуацию на рынке труда, нагрузку на инфраструктуры, на межнациональные отношения, на экологическую обстановку, на уровень преступности в стране. Ситуация будет усугубляться, если не принимать никаких мер. На данный момент актуальна весьма проблема социальной и культурной адаптации к российским условиям трудовых мигрантов, особенно граждан южных стран СНГ, которые приезжают в нашу страну.

The article is devoted to the problems of labor migration in modern Russia. The mass category of foreign citizens, who carry the culture and language of their country, often causes a negative, and sometimes aggressive, reaction of the indigenous population, which greatly affects interethnic relations, the situation on the labor market, the burden on infrastructure, interethnic relations, the environmental situation, the level of crime in the country. The situation will get worse if no action is taken. At the moment, the problem of social and cultural adaptation to the Russian conditions of labor migrants, especially citizens of the southern CIS countries, who come to our country, is very urgent.