bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical technique for treating unstable os acromiale in athletes
Authors:   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Milenin O.N. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Badtieva V.A. ,   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Egiazaryan K.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Pimanchev O.V. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Arkov V.V. ,   Moscow Centre for Research and Practice in Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine, Moscow, Ratyev A.P. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow
Published: December 2024

Rationale. Os acromiale is a variant of nonunion of the apophysis of the acromial process, occurring in 6–8% of cases in the adult population. Symptomatic os acromiale may be accompanied by pain and decreased muscle strength during active sports.

Target. The main goal is to develop an effective method for of treatment of symptomatic os acromiale in athletes.

Materials and methods. A technique for surgical treatment of unstable os acromiale in athletes has been proposed, including mobilization of a free bone fragment of the acromion, formation of bone tunnels using a double-barreled guide for parallel drilling of bone canals and osteosynthesis using two cannulated screws.

Conclusion. Thus, our proposed technique allows us to achieve reliable fixation of an unstable fragment of the acromial process without the use of additional grafts with simultaneous correction of the shape of the acromial process of the scapula to prevent the subsequent development of impingement syndrome and disruption of the congruence of the acromioclavicular joint.
Immanuel Kant: the influence of his critical philosophy on the development of medical theory (on the 300th anniversary of his birth)
Authors:   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Shevchenko Yu.L. , Matveev S.A. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Zayniddinov F.A. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Dzhalaev F.Sh. ,   Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow
Published: December 2024

A brief biography of Immanuel Kant is given, and the influence of the scientist’s philosophical works on the development of medical theory and education is shown.
Life–saving surgery for persistent paresis of the small intestine in the wounded in the abdomen — suspended enterostomy according to S.S. Yudin (to the 80th anniversary of the description of the method)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Khanevich M.D.
Published: December 2024

Sergey Sergeyevich Yudin, at the height of the Great Patriotic War in 1943, in his work “How to reduce postoperative mortality among those wounded in the stomach in the war?”, described in detail the method of forming a suspended enterostomy proposed by him to eliminate persistent paresis of the small intestine. This operation was performed in more than 12% of the wounded in the abdomen and received wide support from military field surgeons. Until the mid-60s, it remained the main method in the arsenal of surgeons for resolving persistent paresis of the small intestine in peritonitis and intestinal obstruction.
Results of surgical treatment of acute dissection of the ascending section and the aortic arch with PSM
Authors:   A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Mamilov M-B.T. , Mironenko V.A. ,   A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, Garmanov S.V. ,   A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow
Published: December 2024

Objectives: comparison of the results of surgical intervention with and without aortic arch dilation in patients with acute type I aortic dissection.

Patients and methods: The study included 157 patients (from 2011 to 2021) with acute type I aortic dissection. The average age of patients in the general group was 51 [49.8–65.0] years, the most part of patients were men n = 127 (81%). The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 104 (66.2%) patients who underwent surgery only on the ascending section (supracoronary prosthetics of the ascending aorta and Bentall DeBono surgery); in the group 2, n = 53 (33.8%) patients with prosthetics of the ascending aorta in combination with interventions on the aortic arch, of which n = 14 (8.9%) patients with complete prosthetics of the aortic arch according to the “elephant trunk” type. After pseudorandomization (PSM), 70 patients with acute aortic dissection of type I aorta were included in the analysis. 35 (50%) patients underwent surgery on the ascending aorta (group Asc. A) 35 (50%) patients underwent extended surgery (group Asc. A+arch), including 26 (37.1%) — on the ascending aorta and hemiarch, 9 (12.9%) — on the ascending aorta and total arch.

Results: Statistically significant differences were revealed in group II (Asc. A+arch) with a longer time of surgery, time of the CPB, cross clamp time of the aorta and less hypothermia, also in this group, perfusion through the right subclavian artery was statistically significantly more often performed and less often perfusion of the left common femoral artery. In the postoperative period, complications were assessed in patients in both groups: cardiac arrhythmias, acute respiratory and heart failure, acute kidney injury, bleeding, multiple organ failure syndrome and 30-day mortality. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups. In comparing groups of patients with intervention only on the ascending aorta and with the extension of the intervention to the arch, no statistically significant difference in mortality was revealed (17.1% vs. 5.7%. p = 0.1572). The hospital mortality after PSM was 11.4%.

Conclusion: This study showed possibility of expansion scope of surgery with prosthetics of the aortic arch without increasing the risk of death.
Comparative results of various principles of staged hybrid myocardial revascularization in patients with preliminary coronary artery stenting and percutaneous coronary intervention after coronary bypass graft
Authors:   St. George thoracic and cardiovascular surgery clinic Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Shevchenko Yu.L. , Ermakov D.Y. ,   St. George thoracic and cardiovascular surgery clinic Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Vakhrameeva A.Yu. ,   St. George thoracic and cardiovascular surgery clinic Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow, Baranov A.V. ,   Medical school of the Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov
Published: December 2024

Background: Staged hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) is an effective treatment method for patients with CAD. At the moment, the optimal procedure for performing the surgical and endovascular stages of intervention within the framework of HCR in patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary artery (CA) has not been determined.

Purpose: To compare the immediate and long-term results of staged HCR in the scope of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with previous CA stenting and PCI followed by CABG.

Methods: On a retrospective basis, the study included 97 patients with CAD who underwent staged HCR at the Pirogov Center (Moscow, Russia) from 2014 to 2020. In group I, 48 patients underwent CABG followed by PCI (CABG+PCI); in group II, 49 patients first underwent coronary artery stenting, then CABG (PCI+CABG). The average time interval between the 1st and 2nd stages of breastfeeding was 87.5±10.6 days, the total observation period was 36.9±5.8 months.

Results: The CABG+PCI cohort showed slightly better 3-year outcomes compared to the PCI+CABG cohort in terms of relapse of myocardial ischemia (20.1% vs. 24.5%, p = NS) and TLR (18.5% vs. 22.3 %, p = NS). The number of registered cases of VGF in patients of groups I and II was similar — 23.1% versus 24.0% (p = NS). The incidence of MI, stroke, death from all causes did not differ significantly in both groups and was 3 (6.3%), 2 (4.2%) and 3 (6.1%), and 3 (6.1%), 3 (6.3%) and 2 (4.1%) cases in cohorts I and II, respectively (p = NS). The overall proportion of MACE after 36.9±5.8 months of follow-up was 16.7% versus 16.3% in patients with CABG+PCI and PCI+CABG (p = NS).

Conclusion: The approach to HCR with CABG performed as the first stage before PCI shows slightly greater effectiveness and provides similar safety compared to the “PCI before CABG” strategy.
Complex surgical treatment of extensive wounds with subsequent dynamic monitoring of patients using computer and remote technologies
Authors:   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Vladimirova O.V. , Korablina S.S. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Minaev S.V. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Vergasov M.M. ,   Stavropol Regional clinical hospital, Stavropol, Terekhin A.V. ,   Regional clinical hospital 2, Tyumen, Vladimirov V.I. ,   Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Gobedzhishvili V.K. ,   Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Karaeva A.A. ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan
Published: December 2024

Rationale: Wounds that do not progress through normal phases and remain in an unregulated inflammatory state are reclassified from acute to chronic. One of the serious consequences of complicated wound healing is the development of gross pathological scars, which sharply impair the quality of patients life, reduce mobility, and worsen treatment results. Such patients require long-term observation and anti-scar therapy for the entire period of healing and scar formation.

Goal: Improving the results of treatment of extensive granulating wounds in patients through the use of a set of intraoperative and postoperative measures to stimulate healing and prevent wound healing disorders, followed by dynamic monitoring using computer, including remote technologies.

Materials and methods: Subject of the study: 98 patients aged 30 to 65 years of both sexes. The study group included 50 patients who underwent necrectomy with autodermoplasty and complex intra- and postoperative stimulation of healing. The second group (control) consisted of 48 patients who underwent traditional surgical intervention to a standard extent. The effectiveness analysis was carried out using anauthor’s PC program. Outpatient observation with remote monitoring enabled in the «Scar Diary» application.

Results: In the study group, intensive dynamics of subsidence of signs of inflammation was noted, the median of which was 4 days, while in the control group the median was 7 days. The median reduction of the inflammatory process was 5.0 and 10, and epithelization in the groups was 7.0 and 10.0 days, respectively.

Conclusion: Carrying out intraoperative complex treatment of wounds and postoperative use of cold plasma flow can reduce the incidence of complications, reduce wound healing time, shorten the length of hospital treatment and the recovery period. The use of remote and modern computer technologies is certainly effective and convenient for assessing the dynamics of healing and improving the quality of patient management in the postoperative and recovery period.
تدريس المواد العلمية باللغات الأجنبية في السلك الثانوي بالمغرب: مقتضيات مرجعية وتنظيمية وبيداغوجية وإجرائية نحو تجويد التعلمات
Authors: الكمري يوسف , امحميد عمر , رقيبي يونس , فاكهاني عبدالحليم , يزيدي محمد , رزوقي بوشرى , راسو خديجة قائد , ويزة السعدية , سرار وفاء
Published: December 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى تقييم تدريس المواد العلمية باللغات الأجنبية في التعليم الثانوي بالمملكة المغربية، باستخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي. اعتمدت الدراسة على تحليل المراسلات الوزارية الرسمية والمذكرات والتقارير الوطنية والدولية المتعلقة بالموضوع، وركزت على مقتضيات مرجعية وتنظيمية وبيداغوجية وإجرائية لتحسين جودة التعلمات. اشتملت الدراسة على أربعة مباحث؛ تناول الأول قضايا البكالوريا الدولية المغربية من حيث الأهداف، والفئة المستهدفة، وشروط الترشيح. وخصص الثاني للبناء التشريعي والهيكل التنظيمي للبكالوريا الدولية، حيث عالج الأطر المرجعية وتجربة إنشاء المسالك الدولية. وناقش المبحث الثالث قضايا المدرسين والمتعلمين والمقررات الدراسية، مع التركيز على برامج التكوين والتوجيه التربوي وتوزيع المواد والحصص. أما المبحث الرابع، فتطرق إلى إجراءات التقييم والاختبارات، وتوصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج رئيسة، منها: (1) ربط تطبيقات الهندسة اللغوية بمراجعة شاملة للمناهج والبرامج، (2) إعداد أطر تربوية بمهارات لغوية متعددة، (3) تطوير الموارد التعليمية، (4) مراجعة نظام التوجيه، و(5) إصلاح أنظمة التقييم والاختبارات، أوصى الباحثون بإرساء مناهج وبرامج مواكبة للمستجدات التربوية الدولية، وتعزيز تكوين الأطر التربوية المتخصصة في المواد العلمية بهدف تحسين إتقان اللغات الأجنبية والارتقاء بجودة التعليم في المسالك الدولية. كما اقترحوا إجراء دراسات مستقبلية معمقة حول الموضوع.
أسباب ضعف مهارة القراءة في اللغة الإنجليزية لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية من وجهة نظر معلمات اللغة الإنجليزية بالمرحلة الابتدائية بمدينة الرياض
Authors: الجريجير شماء سليمان
Published: December 2024

هدف البحث إلى تحليل الأسباب الكامنة وراء ضعف مهارة القراءة في اللغة الإنجليزية لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية ومظاهر الضعف والحلول المقترحة لتحسين الوضع القائم؛ من وجهة نظر معلمات اللغة الإنجليزية بالمرحلة الابتدائية بمدينة الرياض، واعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم جمع البيانات من معلمي اللغة الإنجليزية في مدارس المرحلة الابتدائية بمدينة الرياض من خلال استبانة تم توزيعها على عينة بلغت (240) من معلمات اللغة الإنجليزية بالمرحلة الابتدائية بمدينة الرياض. أظهرت النتائج أن هناك عدة عوامل تسهم في ضعف القراءة، بما في ذلك عدم اهتمام المعلمين، نقص الدعم التعليمي، ضعف استراتيجيات التدريس، والمشاكل المتعلقة بالمناهج. كما كشفت الدراسة عن مظاهر ضعف القراءة مثل صعوبة النطق، التهرب من القراءة، وعدم الاهتمام بالمذاكرة. بناء على النتائج أوصت الباحثة بتعزيز البيئة التعليمية لتكون أكثر تشجيعاً وتفاعلاً، وتطوير طرق تدريس القراءة لتحفيز التلاميذ، وتحديث المناهج بما يتناسب مع احتياجات الطلاب التعليمية. تهدف الدراسة إلى تقديم حلول عملية تسهم في رفع كفاءة التعليم وتعزيز قدرات التلاميذ، مما يعكس أهمية البحث في تحسين مهارات القراءة في اللغة الإنجليزية.
مدى تضمين مهارات التفكير المستقبلي في محتوى مقرر المهارات الرقمية للصف الرابع الابتدائي بالمملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: النفيعي أماني منير , المحمدي نجوى عطيان
Published: December 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى معرفة مدى تضمين مهارات التفكير المستقبلي في كتب المهارات الرقمية للصف الرابع الابتدائي في المملكة العربية السعودية. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة أتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي بأسلوب تحليل المحتوى لملائمته لطبيعة الدراسة، حيث تم تحليل محتوى مقرر المهارات الرقمية الذي يدرسه طلاب الصف الرابع في المرحلة الابتدائية للثلاثة فصول الدراسية، لطبعة العام الدراسي 1445 ه- 2023 م، باستخدام بطاقة تحليل محتوى مشتملة على (4) مهارات رئيسة تبعها تضمنت (24) مؤشرا لقياس الأداء توزعت في أربع مهارات رئيسة لمهارات التفكير المستقبلي وهي: مهارة التوقع المستقبلي، مهارة التنبؤ المستقبلي، ومهارة التصور المستقبلي، ومهارة حل المشكلات. وأظهرت النتائج أن تضمين مهارات التفكير المستقبلي في مقرر المهارات الرقمية للصف الرابع الابتدائي بالمملكة العربية السعودية كان بنسبة منخفضة بلغت (25%)؛ وفي ضوء النتائج أوصت الدراسة بتطوير مقررات المهارات الرقمية للصف الرابع الابتدائي في المملكة العربية السعودية في ضوء مهارات التفكير المستقبلي نظرا لأهمية هذه المهارات في إعداد فرد قادر على مواجهة التحديات التي قد تواجهه في المستقبل والتغلب عليها.
Understanding the Role of Energy Transfer Processes in Chemical Reactions at Plasma-Liquid Interfaces
Authors: Bloomquist Casey , Naumov Daniel , Yang Ahrin , Mathison Ricardo , Herzog Benjamin , Tenn William , Modestino Miguel , Aydil Eray
Published: December 2024

Electrochemistry can enable sustainable chemical manufacturing but is limited by the reactions possible with conventional metal electrodes. Plasma electrochemistry, which replaces a conventional solid electrode with plasma in electrochemical cells, offers new avenues for chemical synthesis by combining charge transfer with alternative energy transfer processes at the plasma-liquid interface. To understand how plasma electrochemistry differs from conventional electrochemistry, we investigated plasma reactions with acrylonitrile, an industrially relevant molecule used as the precursor in the well-characterized electrosynthesis of adiponitrile. We demonstrate that non-charge transfer processes dominate plasma-driven chemistry through systematic variation of plasma polarity, current, and reactant concentration, combined with comprehensive quantitative analysis of solid, liquid, and gas products. Most notably, we observed no adiponitrile formation (the desired electrochemical product) while total product yields exceeded the theoretical charge-transfer maximum by up to 32-fold. Substantial polyacrylonitrile formation occurred under all conditions, a product not typically seen in conventional electrochemistry. The plasma anode yielded consistently higher products than the plasma cathode, producing hydrogen and propionitrile at 21 and 2 times the charge-transfer maximum, respectively. Electron scavenger experiments confirmed these transformations occurred primarily through non-Faradaic processes rather than charge transfer. These results demonstrate that plasma electrochemistry is primarily driven by energy transfer at plasma-electrolyte interfaces, providing fundamental insights for harnessing these interactions in chemical synthesis.
Sample preparation methods for elemental analysis in electronic cigarette aerosols: a critical review
Authors: Dill Maarten , Barhdadi Sophia , Vanhee Celine , Deconinck Eric
Published: December 2024

In the last decade, e-cigarettes have been marketed as a less harmful alternative to classical tobacco smoking and are currently being used by millions of people. An e-cigarette consists of an e-liquid and a heating device, generating an aerosol that the user can inhale. Recently, several studies have shown that metals and metalloids (=elementals), including As, Cd, Cr, and Pb, known carcinogens, were present in these aerosols. To ensure the accuracy of dose-toxicity estimations, it is essential to have access to reliable and reproducible methods for estimating the dose in question. Although more standardization methodologies were introduced in the analysis of elementals from aerosols, a huge divergence in sample preparation can be found in the literature. This work aimed to provide an overview of the scientific literature. Therefore, a literature search was conducted in September 2024, that followed the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 51 articles were selected for analysis and large variability in the sample preparation, specifically variations in aerosol generation characteristics and collection techniques could be observed. Despite the widespread use of methods as filters and impingers, many studies failed to validate critical steps such as aerosol recovery, blank corrections, and the extent of matrix effects. Therefore, further standardization of methodologies is urgently needed to improve the reliability of metal quantification in e-cigarette aerosols, which could potentially enhance regulatory frameworks and facilitate the routine analysis of e-cigarette emissions.
El elefante en la habitación del Código civil peruano: una aproximación necesaria a la prueba del daño moral
Authors: Daza Lozada Carlos Adrián
Published: December 2024

Las instituciones del derecho suelen recibir un tratamiento endógeno que se expresa en dos niveles distintos. Por un lado, es recurrente que las instituciones jurídicas se conceptualicen desde el derecho y sus operadores, sin mirar a otras áreas del conocimiento que pueden dar luces más específicas respecto de la materia que se trate. Por otro lado, dentro del mismo derecho, muchas veces las instituciones de una materia se gestan sin mirar a las demás: las instituciones del derecho material son desarrolladas por sus estudiosos, pero sin pensar en las implicancias procesales y probatorias que supone definirlas de una u otra forma. La institución del daño moral dentro del Código Civil peruano, ciertamente, no es ajena a ninguno de estos problemas. Así, este ensayo, en primer lugar, busca destacar la forma poco satisfactoria en la que se ha tratado al daño moral, pues las definiciones y aproximaciones a dicha institución han sido propuestas de forma desligada a su prueba y a su vinculación con otras ciencias como la psicología. Y, en segundo lugar, pretende presentar algunos puntos de partida para una conceptualización consciente de la institución del daño moral, que tenga en cuenta los factores probatorios, pues resultan determinantes para que esta pueda hacerse efectiva para los efectos resarcitorios.
OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEM FEN EĞİTİM SÜRECİNE YÖNELİK ÖĞRETMEN GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Günşen Gülşah , Uyanık Gülden
Published: December 2024

Araştırmanın amacı okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin fen eğitim sürecine yönelik görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseni kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan ve araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 21 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırma kapsamında geliştirilen ve uzman görüşü alınarak son hali verilen “Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Fen Eğitim Sürecine Yönelik Görüşlerinin Belirlendiği Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin fen alan bilgisi konusunda kendilerini yeterli, bilgi-uygulama sürecinde ise yetersiz hissettikleri, fen eğitim sürecine yönelik bir desteğe ihtiyaçları olduğu, fen içerik standartlarına ve STEM yaklaşımına yönelik bilgilerinin yetersiz ve yanlış olduğu görülmektedir. Fen eğitim sürecinde en çok yeryüzü ve uzay alanı ve yaşam alanı ile ilişkili konulara yer verdikleri, en çok gösteri deneyi yaptıkları, malzeme ve uygulama ortamı sıkıntısı yaşadıkları, aile katılımlarının yetersiz ve çocukların seviyesinin üzerinde planlama yaptıklarına yönelik problemlerle karşılaştıkları tespit edilmiştir.
İŞ YAŞAMINDA SCHADENFREUDE (BAŞKASININ TALİHSİZLİĞİNE SEVİNMEK)
Authors: Güler Mukaddes
Published: December 2024

İnsanlar, duyguları ile var olan ve onları deneyimleyen sosyal varlıklardır. İşletmeler ise insanların etkileşimde bulunduğu olumlu ve olumsuz davranışların sergilediği sosyal ortamlardır. Özellikle bu alanlarda rekabetin yoğun yaşanması, performansa dayalı karşılaştırmaların etkin olması ve sosyal statüyü artırma isteği gibi durumlar çalışanlar arasında kıskançlık, öfke, sempati gibi sosyal duyguların oluşmasına neden olabilmekte veya insanlık tarihi kadar eski ama araştırmalara yeni konu olan schadenfreude’yi de ortaya çıkarabilmektedir. Başkasının talihsizliğine sevinme anlamına gelen schadenfreude, birçok araştırmacı tarafından ahlaki açıdan tartışmalı ve olumsuz olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Diğer araştırmacılar ise deneyimleyen kişiyi duygusal anlamda tatmin ettiği için olumlu olarak kabul etmiştir. Bu tartışmalar ışığında psikoloji, sosyal psikoloji ve sosyoloji alanında çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Ancak iş yaşamı schadenfreude’nin ortaya çıkması için en uygun ortamlar olmasına rağmen bu kavram örgütsel davranış alanında yeterince ilgi görmemiştir. Doküman analizi yöntemine dayalı olarak yürütülen bu çalışma, schadenfreude kavramının daha iyi anlaşılması sağlamak ve örgütsel davranış alanında çalışılması gereken bir kavram olduğunu vurgulamak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. İlerleyen süreçlerde bu alanda çalışmak isteyen araştırmacılara yol göstermesi açısından özgün nitelikte ve alana katkı sunan önemli bir çalışmadır.
DOĞUŞTA BEKLENEN YAŞAM SÜRESİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: DALGACIK DÖNÜŞÜMLÜ FOURİER KANTİL TODA-YAMAMOTO NEDENSELLİK TESTİ
Authors: Yağış Onur
Published: December 2024

Doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresi, doğumu yeni gerçekleşmiş bir bireyin hayatı boyunca var olan sağlık şartlarına göre yaşaması tahmin edilen ortalama yıl olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu süre toplumların refah ve sağlık düzeyinin en önemli göstergelerinden birisidir. Yaşam beklentisi ve doğum oranı beşeri sermaye ve ekonomik büyüme performansını etkileyen önemli demografik belirleyicilerdir. Türkiye’de ilk uygulanan kalkınma planından onuncu kalkınma planına kadar geçen süreye kadar doğum oranını azaltıcı politikalar uygulanmıştır. Bu sayede nüfus artış hızının düşürülmesi ve ekonomik performansın artırılması hedeflenmiştir. Literatür araştırıldığında konunun önemli bir konuma sahip olmasına rağmen yaşam beklentisi ile iktisadi ve diğer değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri araştıran yeterli çalışmanın bulunmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye için 1961-2021 dönemi yıllık verileri ile doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresi ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi dalgacık dönüşümlü Fourier Kantil Toda-Yamamoto Nedensellik tekniğiyle araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, dalgacık dönüşümü sonrasında orijinal seriye göre doğum oranından doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine doğru nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur. Ekonomik büyümeden doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine doğru ve doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresinden ekonomik büyümeye doğru çift yönlü nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur. Kısa dönemde kentleşmeden doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine doğru ve doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresinden kentleşmeye doğru çift yönlü nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur. Orta dönemde doğum oranından doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine doğru nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur. Ekonomik büyümeden doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine doğru ve doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresinden ekonomik büyümeye doğru çift yönlü nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur. Uzun dönemde doğum oranından doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresine doğru ve doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresinden doğum oranına doğru çift yönlü nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur. Doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresinden ekonomik büyümeye ve kentleşmeye doğru nedensellik sonucu bulunmuştur.
GALA VE PAMUKLU GÖLLERİ SU YÜZEYİ DEĞİŞİM ALANLARININ UZAKTAN ALGILAMA TEKNİKLERİ İLE BELİRLENMESİ VE ÇEVRESEL ETKİLERİN İZLENMESİ
Authors: Bitek Deniz , Uludağ Musa , Kurban Ertuğrul Alper
Published: December 2024

Göl ekosistemlerinin doğal yaşam ile sosyo-ekonomik anlamda sürdürebilir olabilmesi için göllerin ve çevresinin izlenmesi ve değişimlerinin saptanması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu doğrultuda uydu görüntüleri ve uzaktan algılama teknikleri günümüzde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Gala Gölü Milli parkı sınırları içinde yer alan, Gala ve Pamuklu gölleri yüzey alanlarında 1985-2022 yılları arasında meydana yüzeysel alan değişimin ortaya çıkarılması ve bu değişim üzerinde etkili olan süreçleri belirlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Gala ve Pamuklu göllerine ait Landsat uydu görüntüleri 1985-2022 yılları arasındaki dönemlerde her on yıl için temmuz ayları dikkate alınarak seçilmiştir. Landsat-5 TM ve Landsat-8 OLI uydu görüntüleri kullanılarak sınıflandırmalar yapılmıştır. Sınıflandırmalarda Modifiye Edilmiş Normalize Fark Su İndeksi (MNDWI), kontrolsüz (IsoDATA) ve kontrollü sınıflandırma (Maximum Likelihood) yöntemleri ile göllerin çevresindeki arazi kullanımı değişimi belirlenmesi için Normalize Edilmiş Fark Bitki Örtüsü İndeksi (NDVI) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlarda göllerin yüzey alanlarının %40-60 oranında genişlediği tespit edilmiştir. Sınıflandırmalar için doğruluk analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir ve karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır. Genel Doğruluk, Kappa ve F-1 Score istatistik metrikleri kullanılarak yapılan doğruluk analizlerine göre en yüksek değere kontrollü sınıflandırma sonucunda ulaşılmıştır. Genel Doğruluk değerlerinin 0,95-0,96 arasında, Kappa istatistik değerlerinin ise 0,88-0,92 değerleri arasında, F-1 Score değerlerinin 0,93-0,94 aralığında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Kullanılan yöntemlerin su yüzey alanlarının tespitinde kullanılabilir olduğu, aynı zamanda göllerde meydana gelen değişimlerin daha çok su kullanım tercihlerinin bir sonucu olduğu belirlenmiştir.
A Note on Pseudofinite Acyclic Graphs
Authors:   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Markhabatov N. D. ,   Kazakh-British Technical University, Baissalov Ye. R. ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: December 2024

Acyclic graphs approximated by finite acyclic graphs are considered. It is proved that any countably categorical acyclic graph is smoothly approximable. An example of pseudofinite acyclic graph theory is given, which has an even, odd, and infinite number of rays.
On Generation of the Group PGLn(Z + iZ) by Three Involutions, Two of which Commute
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Nuzhin Ya. N. , Shaipova T. B. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: December 2024

The results of the paper relate to the following general problem. Find natural finite generating sets of elements of a given linear group over a finitely generated commutative ring. Of particular interest are coefficient rings that are generated by a single element, for example, the ring of integers or the ring of Gaussian integers. We prove that a projective general linear group of dimension n over the ring of Gaussian integers is generated by three involutions two of which commute if and only if n is greater than 4 and 4 does not divide n. Earlier, M. A. Vsemirnov, R. I. Gvozdev, D. V. Levchuk and the authors of this paper solved a similar problem for the special and projective special linear groups.
https://mathizv.isu.ru/en/article?id=1516
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Rimatskiy V. V.
Published: December 2024

Setting the basic rules of inference is fundamental to logic. The most general variant of possible inference rules are admissible inference rules:in logic L, a rule of inference is admissible if the set of theorems L is closed with respect to this rule. The study of admissible inference rules was stimulated by the formulation of problems about decidability by admissibility (Friedman) and the presence of a finite basis of admissible rules (Kuznetsov) in Int logic. In the early 2000s, for most basic non-classical logics and some tabular logics, the Fridman-Kuznetsov problem was solved by describing an explicit basis for admissible rules.

The next stage in the study of admissible inference rules for non-classical logics can be considered the concept of a globally admissible inference rule. Globally admissible rules in the logic L are those inference rules that are admissible simultaneously in all (with finite model property) extensions of the given logic. Such rules develop and generalize the concept of an admissible inference rule.

The presented work is devoted to the study of bases for globally admissible rules of logic S4. An algorithm for constructing a set of inference rules in a reduced form was described, forming the basis for globally admissible inference rules in S4 logic.
On the Collocation Method in Constructing a Solution to the Volterra Integral Equation of the Second Kind Using Chebyshev and Legendre Polynomials
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov, Germider O. V. , Popov V. N. ,   Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes a matrix implementation of the collocation method for constructing a solution to Volterra integral equations of the second kind using systems of orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind and Legendre polynomials. The integrand in the equations considered in this work is represented as a partial sum of a series for these polynomials. The roots of the Chebyshev and Legendre polynomials are chosen as collocation points. Using matrix and integral transformations, properties of finite sums of products of these polynomials and weight functions at the zeros of the corresponding polynomials with degree equal to the number of nodes, integral equations are reduced to systems of linear algebraic equations for unknown values of the sought functions at these points. As a result, solutions to Volterra integral equations of the second kind are found by polynomial interpolations of the obtained function values at collocation points using inverse matrices, the elements of which are written on the basis of orthogonal relations for these polynomials. In the presented work, the elements of integral matrices are also given in explicit form. Error estimates for the constructed solutions with respect to the infinite norm are obtained. The results of computational experiments are presented, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the collocation method used.
Uniqueness of Solution of the Inverse Problem with Overdetermination of the Raised Type for an Abstract Second-order Differential Equation
Authors:   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Almohamed M.
Published: December 2024

We consider a linear inverse problem for a second-order abstract differential equation in a Banach space. The inhomogeneous term of the equation does not depend on time and is unknown. At the initial moment of time, the standard Cauchy conditions are given. An additional condition is specified at the final moment of time. This is a value of the second derivative of the main evolutionary function. For the studied problem, a uniqueness criterion of a solution is established. It is expressed in spectral terms. A simple sufficient condition for the solution uniqueness is noted. An example of the inverse problem for Poisson’s equation in a cylindrical domain is considered.
Integration of the Loaded Negative Order Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation in the Class of Periodic Functions
Authors:   Urgench State University, M. M. Khasanov , I. D. Rakhimov ,   Urgench State University, D. B. Azimov ,   Urgench State University
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we consider the loaded negative order nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NSE) in the class of periodic functions. It is shown that the loaded negative order nonlinear Schrodinger equation can be integrated by the inverse spectral problem method. The evolution of the spectral data of the Dirac operator with a periodic potential associated with the solution of the loaded negative order nonlinear Schrodinger equation is determined. The results obtained make it possible to apply the inverse problem method to solve the loaded negative order nonlinear Schrodinger equation in the class of periodic ones. Important corollaries are obtained about the analyticity and period of the solution concerning the spatial variable.
AI-Based Medical Data Mining
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, GNIOT, Greater Noida, INDIA, Mishra Pawan , Srivastav Preeti ,   Department of Information Technology, GNIOT, Greater Noida, INDIA, Sharma Priyanshu ,   Department of Information Technology, GNIOT, Greater Noida, INDIA, Atif Mohd ,   Department of Information Technology, GNIOT, Greater Noida, INDIA
Published: December 2024

The analysis of real-time medical data is a transformative approach that combines machine learning, natural language processing, and web scraping technologies to offer timely, accurate, and relevant information for healthcare decision-making. This paper presents a system that, when given a medical keyword as input, system retrieves the top Google links, assesses the content for accuracy, and organizes the data into a structured way. The system also summarizes the information into concise, digestible points for quick reference. This work provides healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers with a powerful tool for retrieving, analyzing, and synthesizing real-time online medical data.
Advancing Multi-Robot Path Planning through Nature Inspired Algorithms
Authors:   Dept. of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of technology, Noida, INDIA, Kumar Abhijeet , Saini Ankur ,   Dept. of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of technology, Noida, INDIA, Prajapati Anushka ,   Dept. of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of technology, Noida, INDIA, Mishra Pawan ,   Dept. of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of technology, Noida, INDIA
Published: December 2024

In multi-robot systems, robots need to move efficiently without colliding with each other, which is called path planning. The challenge is to find the best way for multiple robots to reach their destinations while avoiding obstacles and each other. Traditional methods can struggle with complex environments, so researchers are turning to nature-inspired computing and machine learning algorithms to solve this problem. Nature-inspired algorithms, like those based on the behaviour of ants, bees, or birds, Firefly Algorithm (FA)[1], Bat Algorithm [2]help robots make decisions similar to how animals navigate in the natural world. These techniques can optimize robot paths by mimicking processes found in nature, such as how ants find the shortest route to food or how birds flock together without crashing [3]. Machine learning algorithms, on the other hand, enable robots to learn from their environment and past experiences [4]. By continuously learning, robots can adapt and improve their path planning over time [5]. Combining these two approaches – nature-inspired computing and machine learning – offers a powerful way to tackle the complex problem of multi-robot path planning. This study explores how these advanced techniques can work together to make robot teams more efficient, reducing travel time, avoiding collisions, and navigating through dynamic environments.
IoT Enabled Intelligent Load Balancing System for Railway Wagons through Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   Head, Dept of Information & Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Singhal Prof.(Dr.)Vikas , Rai Sajal ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Raj Rishav ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Karim Raza ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Mishra ManojKumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Raj Ritik ,   Department of Information Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India
Published: December 2024

This research paper presents an innovative system that integrates IoT (Internet of Things) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) technologies to address the critical issue of load balancing in railway wagons. Traditional systems focus on post-event detection of overloading or under loading, which poses safety risks and inefficiencies. In contrast, our solution leverages IoT-enabled load cells to continuously monitor wagon loads in real-time and utilizes AI-driven algorithms such as Genetic Algorithms and Reinforcement Learning—to optimize load distribution dynamically. The system ensures balanced loading across wagons, preventing overloading and underutilization, improving safety, fuel efficiency, and operational effectiveness. The IoT sensors provide real-time data that is processed by AI models to predict and balance load allocation, thus minimizing the risk of infrastructural damage and enhancing wagon capacity utilization. Initial testing shows a 95%reduction in load imbalances, a 20% decrease in loading time, and improved fuel economy by 10%. This research contributes to railway freight logistics by offering an AI- powered solution for intelligent load management, ensuring safety, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
Estimation of the RUL of Alkaline Batteries in EV by using Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors:   Dept of Information & Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Yadav Abhijeet , Kumar Aman ,   Dept of Information & Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, . Mayank ,   Dept of Information & Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India, Mangal Deepak ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of Information & Technology, Greater Noida Institute of Technology, Gautam Buddh Nagar, India
Published: December 2024

The attention on battery longevity and performance has increased due to the quick uptake of electric cars (EVs) as a sustainable substitute for conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. The foundation of EV technology, batteries control the vehicle's dependability, efficiency, and range. With their distinct chemical characteristics, alkaline. Batteries are one of the various battery varieties that may be advantageous for specific EV applications. However, a variety of variables, including charge-discharge cycles, temperature fluctuations, and usage patterns, affect their life cycle and efficiency. To maximize performance, lower maintenance costs, and guarantee user safety, it is crucial to precisely calculate these batteries' Remaining Useful Life (RUL). Conventional approaches to RUL prediction frequently depend on statistical methods or empirical models, which might not take into consideration the intricate relationships between the factors influencing battery deterioration. For a potential solution to this issue machine learning (ML) algorithms, which can examine big datasets and reveal hidden patterns. This study intends to provide a reliable framework for forecasting the RUL of alkaline batteries in EVs by utilizing cutting-edge machine learning models. This will ultimately help to enhance battery management systems and encourage the wider use of EV technology.
Startup AYUSH Portal
Authors:   Head, Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Singhal Dr.Vikas , Rawal Neera ,   Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Asif Mohd. ,   Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA, Azeem Mohd. ,   Department of Information Technology Greater Noida Institute of Technology (Engg. Institute), Greater Noida, INDIA
Published: December 2024

The AYUSH Portal is designed to promote the incorporation of India's traditional medicinal systems Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy into the nation's healthcare ecosystem. Recognizing the increasing global acceptance of AYUSH practices, the Government of India has initiated Centers of Excellence to support prominent institutions involved in research and education and drug development. Notable initiatives include collaborations with premier institutions such as AIIMS and IIT Jodhpur to explore integrative health research and address key public health challenges. Programs like the Ayurgyan and Ayurswasthya Schemes prioritize research in the AYUSH sector, promoting innovations in preventive and integrative health care. The establishment of the AYUSH-ICMR Advanced Center for Integrative Research seeks to create a vibrant ecosystem for scientific validation of traditional practices. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of AYUSH demonstrated the efficacy of traditional medicine by releasing clinical management protocols and guidelines based on Ayurveda and Yoga, highlighting their role in public health emergencies. This paper discusses the methodology adopted in the AYUSH Portal, emphasizing collaborative research efforts, intellectual property rights, and the integration of AYUSH therapies in mainstream healthcare to achieve the goal of "One Nation, One Health."
Effective techniques for developing advanced vocabulary skills in English language
Authors: Kovalenko Yu.
Published: December 2024

The present paper is dedicated to developing advanced vocabulary skills in English. Mastering vocabulary is paramount for English language learners who strive for fluent and accurate communication. This article examines the importance of advanced vocabulary skills for language acquisition and the challenges of students’ vocabulary development. Based on current research results from prominent scientists, the article summarizes insights into effective techniques for developing advanced vocabulary skills. The study highlights the diverse role of vocabulary in language mastery and its impact on academic and professional success. It highlights the importance of tailored strategies for vocabulary teaching, including contextual learning, semantic mapping, morphological awareness, incidental learning, and vocabulary games and activities. Additionally, the article examines cutting-edge technology-enhanced vocabulary learning strategies, such as online resources, mobile applications, and adaptive learning platforms, designed to improve students’ vocabulary proficiency. Through a comprehensive review of the literature and analysis of current research, the article explains the challenges of vocabulary acquisition and the need for further investigation of its dimensions, reasons, and consequences. It emphasizes the need for educators to employ effective techniques that facilitate the development of advanced vocabulary skills in English language students. In summary, recognizing the importance of vocabulary in language acquisition and adopting innovative strategies for vocabulary development are essential steps to enable students to realize the full potential of language, promote academic and professional excellence, and embark on a journey of lifelong learning and personal growth.
The Teaching Mode Reform and Innovation of “Specialized English for Environmental Design” in the Context of Educational Internationalization
Authors: Jiang Yuxin , Zhou Hongqi
Published: December 2024

As informatization and globalization continually deepen, the demand for internationally qualified talents increases, so the globalization of higher education is an inevitable trend in today’s society. As a first-line course that is directly connected with internationalization, “Specialized English for Environmental Design” is now offered in many universities in China. However, there are many problems in the combination of the course design and teaching objectives, so this paper takes the course in XDSISU as an example, analyzing the series of teaching reforms and innovations that have been carried out, hoping to provide a certain reference value for related courses.
Research and Practice of English Classroom Teaching in Applied Undergraduate Universities Based on Code-Switching Strategies
Authors: Lin Ruisen
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the vital role of code-switching strategies in English language teaching within applied undergraduate universities, focusing on the context of an increasingly globalized world where proficiency in English has become essential for academic success and future employability. As globalization intensifies, the demand for skilled English speakers is growing, further amplifying the significance of effective English language education. In this landscape, code-switching—often perceived negatively in traditional linguistic frameworks—emerges as a powerful pedagogical tool that can promote comprehension, engagement, and overall proficiency among students. This study delves into the theoretical underpinnings of code-switching, examining its roots in sociolinguistics and its implications for language acquisition. Specifically, it highlights how strategic code-switching allows educators to bridge the gap between students’ native languages and the target language, fostering a richer, more inclusive learning environment. Through an empirical of classroom practices, the paper captures diverse stakeholder responses, including students’ perceptions of code-switching as a supportive mechanism in their learning process and educators’ attitudes towards its integration into teaching methodologies. Furthermore, the study discusses the practical applications of code-switching strategies, offering insights into how educators can effectively implement these techniques to improve instructional effectiveness and student outcomes. The findings underscore the need for professional development programs that equip teachers with the skills to utilize code-switching strategically, thus paving the way for a more culturally responsive pedagogy. By addressing both theoretical and practical dimensions, this paper aims to enrich the understanding of code-switching in English language teaching and advocate for its recognized value as an essential component of modern pedagogical practices.