bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Islam dan Ideologi dalam Pembangunan di Indonesia: Studi Terhadap Program Nawacita
Authors: Bin Mawazi Abd. Rahman , Hidayatulah Rizki Pradana
Published: August 2019

The Islamic political movement in Indonesia still leaves the battle of discourse regarding the formalization of Islamic Shari'a as an ideology and Pancasila as the ideology adopted by the current state. This discourse battle is also often a stumbling block of government programs because the modernization carried out by the government often clashes with the values set by the community. This paper would like to see the correlation between Islam as an ideology and the development program in the cabinet of Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla. In its program, infrastructure development is so dominant in the hope of being able to support the national economic movement. In an Islamic perspective, the concept of modernization chosen by the government is part of the program of maslahat al-ummah or the interests of the people and is already a government obligation to fulfill. However, the practice that occurs in Indonesia is as it is known in the deconfentialization theory, that is, the general values of religious teachings are the main values in the state but the state is not based on religion. In this case, the modernization practices applied by the cabinet of Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla were more likely to be secularized. This pattern is still similar to that applied by the previous government. In an effort to accommodate the ideological interests of Islamic groups, the Jokowi-JK government still cannot make an appropriate compromise. The efforts made by the government are merely proposing jargon, namely the Mental Revolution.
Kondisi Sosial-Ekonomi Masyarakat Kuna Tatar Sunda (Abad V –XVI)
Authors: Zakaria Mumuh Muhsin
Published: August 2019

Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat Tatar Sunda pada abad ke-5 hingga abad ke-16. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang meliputi empat tahapan kerja, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi.  Hasil dari kajian ini adalah bahwa wilayah Tatar Sunda memiliki potensi ekonomi yang  sangat tinggi. Hal ini dimungkinkan berkat faktor-faktor geografis. Tatar Sunda memiliki tanah yang sangat subur dan bisa ditanami oleh beragam jenis tanaman, termasuk tanaman ekspor yang sangat laku di pasar internasional. Di samping itu, wilayah Tatar Sunda pun cukup strategis karena memiliki banyak pelabuhan yang bisa dijadikan akses ke luar dan masuknya barang dan orang dari dalam dan luar Tatar Sunda.This article aims to analyze the socio-economic conditions of the Tatar Sunda community in the 5th to the 16th century.The method used is a historical method that includes four stages of work, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography.The result of this study is that the Tatar Sunda region has very high economic potential.This is possible because of geographical factors. Tatar Sunda has very fertile land and can be planted by various types of plants, including export crops needed on the international market.In addition, the Tatar Sunda region is also quite strategic because it has many ports that could be used as access to the outside and the entry of goods and people from inside and outside the Tatar Sunda.
Kedudukan dan Fungsi Bahasa dalam Permuseuman
Authors: Mahmud Erlina Zulkifli , Ampera Taufik , Risagarniwa Yuyu Yohana , Sidiq Inu Isnaeni
Published: August 2019

Kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi manusia mencakup seluruh bidang kehidupan termasuk ilmu pengetahuan antara lain terkait sejarah peradaban manusia; bagaimana manusia mempertahankan hidupnya, bagaimana manusia memperlakukan alam, bagaimana alam menyediakan segala kebutuhan manusia. Apa yang dilakukan manusia saat ini, saat lampau, dan apa yang dilakukan manusia jauh di masa prasejarah, bagaimana kondisi alam di masa-masa tersebut, apa perubahan dan perkembangannya, dapat didokumentasikan melalui bahasa, divisualisasikan kembali, lalu dipajang sebagai salah satu upaya konversai dan preservasi dalam satu institusi yang disebut museum. Penelitian ini membahas kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman. Bagaimana kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman baik dalam informasi yang disampaikan oleh pemandu wisata museumnya maupun yang terpajang menyertai benda-benda dan gambar-gambar merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah gabungan antara metode lapangan dan metode literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum kedudukan bahasa Indonesia berada pada urutan pertama setelah Bahasa Inggris dan keberadaan kedua bahasa dalam permuseuman ini melibatkan dua fungsi utama bahasa, yakni fungsi komunikatif dan fungsi informatif.The existence and function of language  as a medium of communication covers all fields of human life including knowledge, one of them is the history of human civilization; how humans survived, how human utilized nature for their lives, and how nature provides all the necessities for humans. What humans have been doing now, what they have done in the past and far before that in the pre-history time, how the conditions of the nature at those times were and what changes as well as progresses occurred are documented using language, then re-visualized,  displayed as one of conservation and preservation acts in an institution called museum. This research discusess the existence and function of language in museums. How important the existence of a language in museums and what language functions used in museums both in informations given by the museum guides and on the displays accompanying objects and pictures are the aims of this research. The methods used are the combination between field research and library research. The results show that generally the existence of Indonesian language plays more important role than English and both languages have two main functions; communicative function and informative function.
Perancangan Antena Mics Implanted Untuk Monitoring Detak Jantung Berbasis HFSS 13.0.
Authors: Yaser Muhammad , Priyanto Untung
Published: August 2019

The medical implantable communications system (MICS) is one of the emerging technologies in the health sector where the implant device, in this case the antenna, is inserted into the human body between the skin layer and the fat. One application is for monitoring patient conditions such as heart rate and blood pressure. Microstrip antennas in the MICS application work in 402-406 MHz frequency range. In this paper, design and simulation of implant antenna is presented. The implant antenna is simulated using High Frequency Simulator Software (HFSS) using miniaturization, biocompatibility and biomaterial techniques. The antenna will be implanted in the upper arm model. The antenna specifications are as follows: the physical size of the antenna is 32 x 40 x 4 mm with a working frequency of 403.03 MHz which corresponds to the MICS frequency standard of 402-405 MHz. The VSWR simulation result is 1.2, which has met the standard VSWR value ≤ 2 on the rectangular antenna, which is generally considered as good. The gain is -27 dBi, which is considered good according to the standard (-31.5 dBi) and the SAR is 12.7 W/kg per 1g. Medical implantable communications system (MICS) adalah salah satu teknologi yang sedang berkembang dalam bidang kesehatan. Dengan teknologi ini perangkat implan, dalam hal ini antena, dimasukkan ke dalam tubuh manusia di antara lapisan kulit dan lemak. Salah satu aplikasinya yaitu untuk memonitor kondisi pasien seperti detak jantung dan tekanan darah. Antena mikrostrip pada aplikasi MICS bekerja pada rentang frekuensi 402-406 MHz. Antena implan yang dirancang disimulasikan dengan menggunakan High Frequency Simulator Software (HFSS) dengan menggunakan teknik miniaturisasi, biokompatibilitas, dan biomaterial. Antena akan ditanamkan pada model lengan bagian atas. Dari hasil simulasi didapat spesifikasi antena sebagai berikut: ukuran fisik antena sebesar 32 x 40 x 4 mm dengan frekuensi kerja 403,03 MHz yang sesuai dengan standard frekuensi MICS sebesar 402-405 Mhz. Hasil simulasi VSWR sebesar 1,2 sudah memenuhi standar nilai VSWR ≤ 2 yang dianggap baik pada antena rectangular. Gain sebesar -27 dBi, yang telah memenuhi standar sebesar -31,5 dBi dan SAR sebesar 12,7 W/kg per 1g.
Pengolahan Citra untuk Perbaikan Kualitas Citra Sinar-X Dental Menggunakan Metode Filtering
Authors: Wilianti Alfia Septiana , Agoes Suhartati
Published: August 2019

Image is an  object that has characteristics in a visual form. Dental x-ray is one example of a digital image.Dental panoramic results have a weak lighting level, so image quality improvement is needed. Dentists still rely on visual observation in reading X-rays therefore the results are subjective. X-ray images do not always have good image quality, for example the results of dental x-rays that are dark or there are vague parts so that the imagesare difficult to be identified. This study uses a filtering method to improve the image quality of decentralized x-rays, namely unsharp filters, median filters, Wiener filters and Gaussian filters. The initial step is converting the image into gray image and continue with filtering process. The successful of filtering process was indicated by measuring the quantitatively using image quality parameters, namely mean square error (MSE) and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The best average MSE is obtained by using a Gaussian filter for jpg format  image that is equal to 0.685 with a PSNR of 49.935 dB.Citra merupakan sebuahobjek yang memiliki karakteristik dalam bentuk visual. Sinar-X dental merupakan salah satu contoh citra digital.Hasil citra dental panoramik memiliki tingkat pencahayaan yang lemah, maka diperlukan perbaikan kualitas citra. Para dokter gigi masih mengandalkan pengamatan visual dalam pembacaan fotorontgen sehingga hasilnya subjektif. Hasil citra rontgen tidak selalu memiliki kualitas citra yang baik, sepertimisalnya hasil citradental sinar-X yang gelap atau ada bagian yang samar sehingga sulit diidentifikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode filtering dalam meningkatkan kualitas citra dental sinar-X, yaitu dengan filter unsharp, filterMedian, filter Wiener, dan filter Gaussian. Tahap awal yang dilakukan adalah mengubah citra menjadi keabuan dengan format citra  yang berbeda-beda dan selanjutnya dilakukan tahap filtering. Pengukuran keberhasilan filtering diukur secara kuantitatif menggunakan parameter kualitas citra yaitu mean square error (MSE) dan peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). Nilai MSE rata-rata yang paling baik didapat dengan menggunakan filter Gausian untukcitra tipe format jpg yaitu sebesar 0,685 dan nilai PSNR rata-rata sebesar 49,935 dB.
GA-MIMO: Genetic Algorithm for Optimization of ESPAR Antenna on Beamspace MIMO
Authors: Rahmania Rissa , Nugroho Bambang Setia , Suratman Fiky Yosef , Wibowo Suryo Adhi
Published: August 2019

An electronically steerable passive array radiator (ESPAR) antenna can be used on a beamspace (BS)-multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system to reduce the device complexity. An ESPAR antenna has beamforming ability with single RF chain. However, antenna structure and channel conditions affect the number of orthogonal basis pattern which generated using Gram-Schmidt method. Based on this problem, reactance value at each parasitic element need to be optimized to form radiation pattern that required by the BS-MIMO. In this research, Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize reactance value which represented by the correlation between the desired and achieved radiation pattern, in different number of elements and different channel condition. GA is selected because this problem can be modeled as chromosome and several individual. Furthermore, the result shows in channel-ignorant and channel-aware, antenna with seven elements has a correlation in median value of 99.46% and 90.58%, respectively. Antena electronically steerable passive array radiator (ESPAR) dapat digunakan dalam sistem beamspace (BS)-multiple input multiple output (MIMO) dalam mengatasi kompleksitas perangkat. Antena ESPAR memiliki kemampuan untuk membentuk pola radiasi pada arah tertentu dengan menggunakan terminal tunggal, namun struktur antena dan kondisi kanal mempengaruhi pola dasar ortogonal yang dihasilkan melalui metode Gram Schmidt. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, nilai reaktansi pada setiap elemen parasit perlu dioptimasi sehingga dapat menghasilkan pola radiasi yang dibutuhkan oleh sistem BS-MIMO. Pada penelitian ini, Algoritma Genetika digunakan untuk mengoptimasi nilai reaktansi yang direpresentasikan melalui korelasi antara pola radiasi yang dibutuhkan dengan pola radiasi yang dihasilkan, dalam jumlah elemen yang berbeda dan kondisi kanal yang berbeda. AG dipilih karena permasalahan ini dapat dimodelkan sebagai kromosom dan beberapa individual. Hasil analisis pada kondisi channel-ignorant dan channel-aware menunjukkan bahwa antena dengan tujuh elemen memiliki korelasi nilai median sebesar 99,46% dan 90,58%.
Modeling the Structural Organization of Unified Information Space for the Microelectronics Design Center
Authors: Drozd O. V. , Chentsov S. V. , Kapulin D. V.
Published: August 2019

During the process of forming a unified information space (UIS) is widely used modeling of information exchange facilities and UIS infrastructure. Despite the large variety of approaches to modeling a UIS, in particular using the design structure matrix method, the proposed solutions do not provide a direct link between elements of the described
structure and hardware and software equipment. Also, existing approaches for modeling the UIS do not take into account possible external and internal constraints imposed on the placement of UIS components in the enterprise space.
The paper proposes an approach to formalizing the UIS structure of the microelectronics design center, which is intended to eliminate these shortcomings. The structure of the UIS according to a parallel organization model includes following main components: a product data management system, participants of the microelectronic system design process, data-processing hardware and software. The structure of the UIS as a dynamic system can be reduced to a generalized model that includes the set of subscribers – participants of the design process, primary and secondary data-processing tools and objects of information exchange. The mathematical description is made using elements of theory of sets, matrices and queuing systems. The proposed model takes into account the constraints that affect a form of implementation of the UIS structure, as well as many characteristics of software and hardware.
Simulation modeling of the UIS structural organization, presented as a set of multichannel queuing systems, helped to draw conclusions about bandwidth and reliability of considered variants for the UIS organization based on proposed hardware (the server solution) and software (the database management system) tools that are being used.
The System of Cataloguing and Monitoring of Geographically Distributed Computing Nodes in WPS Services Environment for Geological Problems Solving
Authors: Eremenko V. S. , Naumova V. V.
Published: August 2019

The study describes an approach for heterogeneous web services cataloguing of geographically distributed computing nodes in the computational and analytical geological environment. The approach of creation of web services monitoring system is proposed. In this study the approach for web services catalogue organization based on SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) protocol, with use of UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration) registries is reviewed. The scheme for heterogeneous web services description with an ability of further creation of catalogue is proposed. The catalogue includes functions for searching and receiving of metainformation about every web service in it. The study also describes an approach for computational and analytical geological environment creation. A number of web services for heterogeneous data processing used in geological research is described. The approaches for organization of cataloguing and web services monitoring provide a higher level of reliability of computational and analytical geological environment. They provide an information about web service reliability within environment.
Tendencia temporal y distribución espacial de la mortalidad por enfermedades tropicales desatendidas en Argentina entre 1991 y 2016
Authors: Macías Guillermo , Hernández Hernán
Published: August 2019

Objetivo. Conocer la mortalidad por enfermedades tropicales desatendidas (ETD) de Argentina entre 1991 y 2016 y su tendencia temporal general y para las causas más frecuentes por edad y sexo.

Métodos. Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad por ETD brutas, específicas por edad y ajustadas por edad de Argentina para el período 1991-2016. Se realizó el análisis de la tendencia temporal mediante modelos de regresión joinpoint.

Resultados. La mortalidad por ETD afecta principalmente a personas mayores de 50 años y a hombres. La tendencia de las tasas de mortalidad ajustadas por edad por ETD muestran un descenso estadísticamente significativo entre 1991 y 2016, con porcentaje medio de cambio anual (AAPC) para ambos sexos de -3,98 (IC 95%: -4,69; -3,25). Respecto a las enfermedades seleccionadas, la equinococosis muestra un descenso continuo de las tasas entre 1991-2016, mientras que en la enfermedad de Chagas pueden identificarse dos períodos, uno de descenso significativo (1991-2008) y otro no (2008-2016). En cuanto a la lepra, se observa un período de incremento brusco y significativo (1991-1998) seguido por otro período entre 1998-2016 de descenso significativo moderado. Las enfermedades seleccionadas se distribuyen fundamentalmente en el noroeste y noreste argentino, a excepción de la equinococosis.

Conclusiones. Es significativa la tendencia decreciente de la mortalidad por ETD para ambos sexos. Se pone de relieve que, pese al descenso de los últimos años, la mortalidad por ETD representa un importante problema de salud pública.
Changing Water Management Practice in Canterbury to Address Sustainability Limits
Authors: Jenkins Bryan
Published: August 2019

Irrigation expansion in Canterbury has led to sustainability limits being reached for water availability and cumulative effects of land use intensification. Increasing water availability through storage was proposed, but there was strong community opposition to impacts of storage and further intensification. Effects-based institutional arrangements proved inadequate to address these issues. The regional council introduced a strategic approach based on nested adaptive systems and collaborative governance. A regional water strategy was developed through a multi-stakeholder steering group under the Canterbury Mayoral Forum and with extensive community engagement. Zone committees were established to develop zone implementation programmes. Farmer collectives are being established for operational delivery of water management targets. Farmers develop farm management plans to meet property-level outcomes, which are independently audited. Strategy investigations demonstrated that focusing on new development would not achieve sustainable development; rather, existing users also had to improve. Water use efficiency improvements were more cost-effective than new storage. Furthermore, different forms of storage, such as managed aquifer recharge, were identified to avoid adverse effects on main stems of alpine rivers. Proactive measures were needed to address water quality degradation, biodiversity loss, Mäori involvement and ecological restoration. A systems perspective and a governance change from regulatory to collaborative have improved water management. However, they also identified issues concerning affordability of proactive measures, equity in allocation, and need for a public infrastructure agency. Uneven implementation of measures has led to some groups withdrawing from the collaborative process.
Three Perspectives on Canterbury Freshwater Management
Authors: Pham Lan , Lambie Tom , Taiuru Karaitiana
Published: August 2019

Freshwater management has attracted more public and media attention in Canterbury than in any other New Zealand region. Public interest peaked with the controversial 2010 dismissal of the elected regional council under special legislation (Environment Canterbury (Temporary Commissioners and Improved Water Management) Act 2010). For a range of views on these complex issues, we asked three people intimately involved in the process – elected councillor Lan Pham, appointed commissioner Tom Lambie and Ngäi Tahu cultural rights expert Karaitiana Taiuru – to contribute a short essay assessing the Canterbury Water Management Strategy.
Refreshing Water and Valuing the Priceless
Authors: Crampton Eric
Published: August 2019

The most promising way of reducing water use and nutrient load in overburdened catchments builds on the same kind of policy New Zealand is developing to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: cap-andtrade systems that operate at the water catchment level. Because cap-and-trade approaches are more cost-effective than other regulatory approaches, they allow us to do more good at less cost than other alternatives. Developments in smart-market technology and geospatial mapping allow for smart-market solutions that overcome barriers to success in existing trading arrangements. And, if initial rights allocations respect both the existing use rights of current users and incipient iwi water claims, they build a powerful constituency in favour of environmental management institutions that can withstand changes in government.
Learning from Water Footprints
Authors: Perry Chris
Published: August 2019

The ‘footprint’ concept is widely used as an indicator to assess CO2 emissions and the water embodied in crop production. A comparison of key features reveals that CO2 footprints are a global concern no matter their location or source; water footprints only have local relevance, being locally generated and impacting only at local levels. As such, addressing excessive water use is a local concern. Where excessive use is not managed, a process of ‘chaotic disallocation’ from irrigated agriculture ensues, resulting in reduced local production and, through market mechanisms, increased demand elsewhere. Those areas where water scarcity is managed sustainably will see more profitable opportunities for irrigated production, though the impact on prices will be of little concern to consumers in the developed world.
Listening to Voices of the Future
Authors: Coleman Andrew , Karacaoglu Girol
Published: August 2019

We would like to invite people to explore ways that public policies can be designed to facilitate the process of change. Our focus is specifically and deliberately on generational change – how society can best enable change when younger and older generations have very different views on what is important, what is possible and what is desirable. We want to explore how successive generations can shape the future so that it better reflects their issues and concerns. These changes do not concern just age, but can cover a broad canvas of themes related to issues such as gender or ethnicity, or the environment.
Analisis Perilaku Safe Sex pada Wanita Pekerja Seks dengan Kejadian Infeksi menular Seksual di Lokalisasi Tangkis Porong
Authors: Rahayu Esty Puji , Riski Lailatul Khusnul
Published: August 2019

Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) menyebabkanangka kesakitan dan kematian terutama di negara berkembang, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dalamÂ  mempermudah penularan infeksi seksual HIV. Kunjungan pasien dari kelompok beresiko IMS yang datang untuk memeriksakan dirinyaÂ  ke Puskesmas Porong pada bulan Maret 2016, hanya terdapat 5 orang. PenelitianÂ  merupakan eksplanatory research dengan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dan pendekatan crossectional. Populasi sebanyak 40 orang wanita pekerja seks, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 36 orang WPS. Data perilaku safe sex diperoleh denganÂ  menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan pemeriksaan IMS dilakukan degan swab vagina (pewarnaan gram dan gymse), dan pengambilan darah. Hasil analisa menggunakan chi Square didaptakan hasil safe seks, IMS (pewarnaan gram dan gymse ) dan kondiloma mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan p value 0,008. Sedangkan HIV dan syphilis tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku safe sex dengan p value 0,932 dan 0,76.Â  Perilaku safe sex yang buruk akan meningkatkan 4,47 kali kejadian IMS. Gejala Syphilis jarang disadari oleh WPS karena gejalanya cukup ringan. Pemeriksaan HIV menggunakann Tes Cepat dimana hasil tes keluar dalam 20-30 menit dan tidak dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan lengkap dengan metode ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays). Faktor faktor tersebutlah yang mungkin bisa menjadi penyebab tidak adanya hubungan safe sex dengan HIV dan syphilis. Dari penelitian ini diharapkanPuskesmas Porong khususnya tenaga kesehatan lebih giat lagi dalam melakukan upaya promotif, prefentif dan kuratif untuk menekan kejadian IMS terutama pada kelompok rentan seperti WPS.
Intervensi dukungan Kelompok Sebaya terhadap Kemampuan Menyelesaikan Masalah pada Remaja
Authors: Fuadah Dina Zakiyyatul , Hidayati Ratna , Fitriyah Aida
Published: August 2019

Masalah remaja cenderung sulit untuk diatasi oleh remaja sendiri, hal ini terjadi karena remaja belum terbiasa menyelesaikan masalahnya sendiri tanpa meminta bantuan orang lain. Ketika remaja dapat menghadapi masalah tersebut dengan baik, maka akan menjadi modal dasar dalam menghadapi masalah selanjutnya sampai dewasa. Kemampuan remaja dalam menghadapi masalah inilah disebut dengan Adversity Quotient. Salah satu faktor pembentuk kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah (Adversity Quotient) yakni motivasi melalui kelompok sebaya (peer group). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh peer support group therapy terhadap Adversity Quotient pada remaja usia menengah. Desain penelitian adalah pre experiment design dengan pendekatan one-group pre-post test design dengan populasi sebanyak 488 remaja usia menengah, dan jumlah sampel yang dijadikan penelitian sebanyak 32 siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan Î±=0,05. Pada pretest sebesar 46,9% memiliki Adversity Quotient tingkatan moderate dan 50% pada parameter origin and ownership masuk dalam tingkatan moderate high. Pada posttest sebesar 56,2% memiliki Adversity Quotient tingkatan moderate high dan 62,5% pada parameter control, origin and ownership masuk dalam tingkatan moderate high. Hasil uji wilcoxon (Ï=0,000<Î±=0,05) menunjukkan bahwa peer support group therapy berpengaruh terhadap parameter dan tingkatan Adversity Quotient pada remaja menengah. Tiga pendekatan dasar ekspresi perasaan, dukungan sosial, dan keterampilan kognitif yang dapat memberikan dorongan untuk mempelajari keterampilan koping dan merubah perilaku kearah yang konstruktif. Remaja dapat melakukan dukungan kelompok sebaya untuk memberikan dukungan agar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan beradaptasi terhadap situasi kehidupan, dan mengajarkan keterampilan penyelesaian masalah.
Peran Perawat dalam Assessment Pengenalan Dini untuk Meningkatkan Outcome Pasien Stroke di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Authors: Rachmawati Dewi
Published: August 2019

Stroke penyakit kegawat daruratan medis yang sangat tergantung waktu dalam penanganannya. Assessment menentukan diagnosis stroke adalah kunci pokok manajemen stroke. Tujuan literature ini mengatahui bagaimana peran perawat dalam assessment untuk meningkatkan outcome pasien stroke. Metode literature review adalah mengumpulkan dan analisa artikel tentang assessment, diagnosis dan manajemen stroke di IGD. Sumber literatur dari text book, artikel elektronik seperti ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane Library dengan kriteria dipublikasi periode 2000-2016, pencarian menggunakan kata kunciâ€recognition, assessment, stroke, emergencyâ€. Hasil penelusuran didapatkan 21 artikel tentang pengkajian/pengenalan gejala, diagnosis dan menajemen stroke, hanya 7 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Literatur review menunjukkan bahwa aktivasi protokol manajemen stroke segera dilakukan dengan pertama kali menentukan tipe atau diagnosis stroke pasien. Penentuan diagnosis penting untuk dilakukan sebagai dasar memberikan terapi. Penentuannya biasanya menggunakan CT-Scan untuk membedakan stroke akut atau gejala mirip stroke. Tidak semua rumah sakit tersedia CT-Scan sehingga sebagai alternatif dapat menggunakan ROSIER scale dengan sensitifitas 93% dan nilai prediksi positif 90% membedakan stroke akut dan bukan stroke. Terdapat 7 aitem penilaian yaitu kehilangan kesadaran atau sinkop, aktivitas kejang, kelemahan otot wajah/asimetris, kelemahan anggota gerak atas/asimetris, kelemahan anggota gerak bawah/asimetris, kesulitan bicara, gangguan lapang pandang. Total skor antara -2 sampai +5. Apabila pasien mendapat skor 1 atau lebih terdiagnosis stroke dan skor â‰¤ 0 maka bukan stroke kecuali skor total 0. ROSIER merupakan skala diagnosis simple, sensitif, spesifik dan cocok digunakan saat triage di IGD. Penggunaannya juga sangat cepat dan mudah sehingga semakin cepat identifikasi pasien stroke untuk mendapatkan tindakan yang dapat menurunkan angka kematian dan kecacatan.
Pengaruh Stigma Masyarakat terhadap perilaku Pasien Kusta dalam mencari Pengobatan: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
Authors: Anwar Nursanti , Syahrul Syahrul
Published: August 2019

Indonesia menduduki urutan ketiga setelah India dan Brazil dengan jumlah penderita kusta sebanyak 20.023 kasus. Prevalensi ini akan terus meningkat karena adanya stigma yang berkembang dimasyarakat yang membuat penderita kusta malu untuk mencari pengobatan. Sistematik review ini menggunakan sintesis artikel terkait dari empat database, yaitu : Pubmed,Â  Google Scholar, Proquest, dan Garuda, serta secondary search. Sebanyak 8 studi terkait stigma masyarakat terhadap pasien kusta yang telah diuji kualitasnya dengan berpedoman pada PRISMA dan dilakukan skrining oleh 2 orang dengan menggunakan standar CASP (Critical Appraisal Skill Program). Lima studi yang diulas menjelaskan bahwa masyarakat memiliki stigma terhadap pasien kusta dimana pasien kusta tidak boleh bergaul atau kontak langsung dengan lingkungan sekitar sehingga mereka harus dikucilkan, dua studi menjelaskan bahwa pasien kusta memiliki perasaan malu, sedih, bingung, takut dan tidak berdaya menghadapi masyarakat. Studi yang disertakan memberikan hasil yang sangat signifikan terhadap pola pengobatan pasien kusta terkait stigma masyarakat dimana terjadi penurunan minat pasien kusta untuk berobat dan mencari kesembuhan. Perlu diberikan intervensi pendidikan kesehatan dan informasi tentang penyakit kusta baik kepada pasien maupun masyarakat, namun keterlibatan semua pihak/lintas sektor perlu dipertimbangkan.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Merokok Anggota Club Motor PSFRB (Putra Sogok Family Racing Blitar)
Authors: Sunarianto Achmad Gatot , Wulandari Ning Arti , Darmawan Andri
Published: August 2019

Perilaku merokok mempunyai dampak yang negatifÂ  bagi perokok aktif, perokok pasif dan lingkungan. Bahan yang terkandung dalamÂ  rokokÂ  merupakan zat yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Berbagai faktorÂ  mempengaruhi peningkatan prevalensi perokok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan sikap dan perilaku merokok anggota club motor PSFRB (Putra Sogok Family Racing Blitar). Desain yang digunakan dalamÂ  penelitian ini adalah korelasional. Jumlah populasi sebanyak 25 dengan tekhnik purposive sampling dan didapatkan 16 sampel. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 23 Aprilâ€“7 Mei 2017 dibengkel Putra Sogok Blitar. Pengumpulan data denganÂ  menggunakan kuesioner sikap dan perilaku terhadap merokok. AnalisisÂ  data menggunakan uji Spearman Rho dan Kruskal Wallis dan Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara perilaku merokok dengan usia (p=0,004) dan sikap merokok dengan informasi (p=0,003), sedangkan pendidikan dan informasi tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku merokok, usia dan pendidikan tidak berhubungan dengan sikap merokok. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi masukan kepada tenaga kesehatan dalamÂ  melakukan intervensi yang tepat sesuai sasaran.
Algorithm of the Rehabilitation of Patients with Pigmentary Glaucoma
Authors: Volkova N. V. , Grischuk A. S. , Veselov A. A. , Shvets L. V.
Published: August 2019

Background. Irreversible changes in corneoscleral trabecula lead to persistent hydrodynamic disturbances not only in pigmentary glaucoma but also in pigmentary dispersion syndrome. In these cases isolated laser iridectomy cannot compensate ophthalmotonus and stabilize pathologic process.

Aim: to evaluate effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation algorithms for patients with pigmentary glaucoma, depending on irido-ciliary zone state and IOP level.

Materials and methods. 12 people with pigmentary dispersion syndrome in manifestation stage and 20 people with pigmentary glaucoma were examined.

Results. In pigmentary glaucoma, initial IOP level was 28.2 ± 3.79 mm Hg, coefficient of outflow easiness was 0.09 ± 0.03 (p < 0.001). In pigmentary dispersion syndrome at stage of manifestation, hydrodynamic shifts were latent with IOP of 19.03 ± 0.79 mm Hg: positive load test, reduced coefficient of outflow easiness 0.15 ± 0.07 (p < 0.001). Significant changes were found in nerve fiber layer, retinal ganglion complex and perimetric indices in both groups, but they were irreversible in patients with pigmentary glaucoma. Laser iridectomy was performed in 100 % of cases in pigmentary dispersion syndrome and in 75 % of cases in pigmentary glaucoma. Local medication therapy was prescribed in 100 % of cases for IOL decrease in manifestation stage of pigmentary dispersion syndrome, and in pigment glaucoma it was effective in 34 %. In remaining cases fistulizing operations were performed initially.

Conclusion. The algorithm of the rehabilitation of patients with pigmentary dispersion syndrome in stage of manifestation and with pigmentary glaucoma has character of not preventive, but therapeutic measures, including not only laser iridectomy, but also a hypotensive regimen in 100 % of cases. In pigmentary glaucoma, fistulizing operation can be considered as a starting hypotensive option.
Impaired Choroidal Blood Flow in Adolescents with Essential Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Savina Yu. N. , Zhukova S. I. , Korolenko A. V. , Averyanov D. A.
Published: August 2019

Arterial hypertension is a problem not only for adults, but also for children, but there are very few data on changes in the organ of vision under the influence of an elevated level of blood pressure in children.

The aim of the work is to identify disturbances of the choroidal blood flow in children and adolescents with essential arterial hypertension.

Methods. Fifty patients with essential arterial hypertension were examined. The age of patients ranged from 10 to 17 years, the duration of the disease ranged from 2 months to 8 years. All patients underwent color Doppler mapping of the orbital vessels, registration of the oscillatory potentials of the ERG.

Results. It was revealed that increased arterial pressure causes retinal and choroidal ischemia, which is accompanied primarily by impaired blood flow in the orbital vessels and is reflected in a decrease in the amplitude and deformation of the peaks of the ERG oscillatory potentials.

Conclusion. Hypertension causes and supports retinal and choroidal ischemia, which is accompanied primarily by impaired blood flow in the orbital vessels, functional depression of photoreceptors, ganglion cells and neuroglia of the retina, aggravating the identified changes as the experience of essential hypertension increases. A marker of chorioretinal ischemia is amplitude depression, a change in the shape of the teeth of the oscillatory potentials of the ERG, which indicates a decrease in the functional activity of the retinal ganglion complex.

That is, these changes can be considered as a predictor of hypertensive angioretinopathy in children and adolescents with essential arterial hypertension.
Eye Hydrodynamics after Combined Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Complicated Cataract
Authors: Sokolovskaya T. V. , Volodin P. L. , Yashina V. N. , Teplovodskaya V. V.
Published: August 2019

Aim: To study hydrodynamics of the eye after combined treatment – a combination of laser activation of trabecula and cataract phacoemulsification – in a comparative aspect.

Material and methods. The study included 65 patients (65 eyes) with initial and advanced stages (I–II stages) of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and complicated cataract. Among the patients there were 38 women (58.5 %) and 27 men (41.5 %), the average age was 68.8 ± 8.2 years. The follow-up period is 12 months after the treatment. The patients were divided into two groups: the main one – 33 patients (33 eyes) who underwent combined treatment – YAG-laser activation of trabecula (YAG-LAT) and phacoemulsification of cataract with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, the control group – 32 patients (32 eyes) who underwent only phacoemulsification.

Initially, the average intraocular pressure (IOP) (P0) in the main and control groups was 20.72 ± 3.39 mm Hg and 21.02 ± 3.55 mm Hg respectively. The average number of antihypertensive drugs used in the study group was 1.53 ± 0.64, in the control group – 1.34 ± 0.55.

Results. There were no intraand postoperative complications. By the end of the follow-up period, a significant decrease in the average IOP level compared to its preoperative value by 29.2 % was determined in the main group, and 9.8 % in the control. The average number of antihypertensive drugs used in the study group decreased from 1.53 ± 0.64 to 0.67 ± 0.59 (p < 0.05), in the control group of patients, on the contrary, the average number of antihypertensive agents increased from 1.34 ± 0.55 to 1.91 ± 0.70 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. In the long-term postoperative period after combined treatment (YAG-LAT + phaco), IOP normalization was achieved in 96.9 % of cases, as well as a significant increase in visual acuity of patients. The developed method of treatment is safe, has a minimal risk of complications and can be used for the treatment of patients with initial stages of POAG in combination with complicated cataracts with increased IOP level, inefficiency of antihypertensive therapy.
Effect of Ligand Peptides on Post-Burn Inflammation of Damaged Corneal Tissue in Experiment
Authors: Tereshchenko A. V. , Trifanenkova I. G. , Kodunov A. M. , Temnov A. A. , Sklifas A. N.
Published: August 2019

Background. In case of a corneal burn injury, cell transplantation into the damaged area must be performed within the first 12 hours, which makes it impossible to use autologous stem cells. One solution to this problem may be the use of peptides, derived from cultured stem cells in the treatment and prevention of complications in a burn eye disease. 

Aims: To study the dynamics of corneal tissue repair under the influence of a peptide solution on a corneal thermal burn model.

Materials and methods. The study included 20 rabbits (20 eyes) of the gray Chinchilla breed weighing from 2.5 to 3.2 kg with a corneal thermal burn model. Depending on the method of treatment used, the animals were divided in two groups of 10 rabbits (10 eyes). In the experimental group, instillations of a peptide solution were used to treat corneal thermal burns; in the control treatment was carried out with a solution of moxifloxacin and gel “Solcoseryl”. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 30th days in each group, two animals were sacrificed to conduct a morphological study of the cornea. Results. In the experimental group, by the 30th day, according to a histological study, the inflammatory process was completed both on the surface and inside the cornea, with a tendency to restore its normal structure. In the control group of animals, significantly longer periods of corneal recovery and preservation of inflammation, despite the received therapy, were observed.

Conclusions. The use of the peptide preparation is promising in the treatment of corneal thermal burn. Further research is needed in this area.
Gender Differences in Entrepreneurial Attitude & Intentions among university Students
Authors: Mansour Ilham Hassan Fathelrahman
Published: August 2019

This empirical study aims at assessing the attitudes, perception and intention of university students towards entrepreneurship and new venture creation with a focus on gender differences in entrepreneurial perceptions and intentions to start new business in the future. Data were collected using a questionnaire-based survey of 350 students at the University of Khartoum in Sudan. The target population was the students in the final year in the University of Khartoum. The stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample size because the population consisted of a number of subgroups that differed in their characteristics. The results showed significant differences between genders in entrepreneurial intentions and its antecedents. Thus, it is important that customized approaches based on gender are needed for developing entrepreneurial intentions among college students.
Patronage behavior of Islamic bank’s consumers: the importance of Shariah compliance within total Islamic banking system
Authors: Mansour Ilham Hassan Fathelrahman
Published: August 2019

This study aims to investigate the patronage behaviour of Islamic banks customers and the importance of Shariah compliance, within a total Islamic banking system, compared to other criteria in their selection decisions. The sample consists of 395 valid and complete responses of bank customers. Factor analysis is used to classify a set of 23 items submitted to participants for their opinion. Findings revealed that within a pure Islamic banking system Shariah Abidance of the Islamic bank is the most important factor in bank patronage. The study has many implications for marketers in designing and planning their marketing strategies and plans and future investments of their organizations, especially when intense competition exist in the industry. The study adds to the existing literature on consumer bank patronage behavior a pure Islamic banking system in the context of Sudan
Filantropi dan Keberlangsungan Ormas Islam
Authors: Jahar Asep Saepudin
Published: August 2019

Tulisan ini membahas tentang kontribusi filantropi Islam (ZISWAF) dalam menjaga eksistensi danperkembangan organisasi masyarakat (ormas) yang berbasis agama, seperti NU, Muhammadiyah dan MathlaulAnwar. Kehadiran lembaga ini menjadi pendamping pemerintah dalam pengembangan pendidikan, sosial dan keagamaan. Kekuatan filantropi ini telah berhasil menunjukkan perannya dan menjaga berkembangnya masyarakatsipil di Indonesia. Hubungan filantropi Islam dan ormas-ormas keagamaan ini merupakan satu kesatuan yang saling terkait. Dengan kata lain, filantropi Islam eksis dan tumbuh karena dikembangkan oleh masa ormas Islam, demikian juga sebaliknya. Perkembangan filantropi di masing-masing ormas ini terlihat berhubungan dengan ciri dankarakteristik ormas masing-masing. Khususnya pada masa reformasi di Indonesia, pengelolaan ZISWAF semakinsemarak di Indonesia, karena didorong oleh pengelolaan yang transparan dan akuntabel oleh lembaga-lembagaZISWAF. Konsekuensinya lembaga ZISWAF semakin berkembang dan mendapat kepercayaan yang sangat baikdari masyarakat.
Legislasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Dalam Bingkai Hukum Nasional Indonesia
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: August 2019

Legislasi hukum ekonomi syariah di Indonesia lahir sebagai konsekuensi logis dari dialog dan persinggungan ajaran Islam dengan lingkungan sosialnya. Oleh karena itu, formulasi, karakteristk dan ekspresilegislasi hukum ekonomi syariah mewujud dalam bentuk yang ragam, sebangun dengan dengan keragamannilai-nilai lokal (local wisdom) yang mengitari pertumbuhan hukum ekonomi syariah. Perkembangan sejarahlegislasi hukum ekonomi syariah di Indonesia menampilkan watak dinamis dengan khas ke Indonesiaan. Tatanilai, setting sosial politik dan budaya menjadi elemen penting yang mempengaruhi laju dan arah legislasihukum ekonomi syariah Islam di Indonesia.Tulisan ini membuktikan bahwa hukum ekonomi Islam telah menampakkan diri sebagai salah satu sub sistem dalam tatanan hukum nasional Indonesia dengan lahirnyaberbagai instrumen regulasi dalam bentuk undang-undang / qanun sebagai hukum nasional Indonesia
Sistem Penyiaran Syariah (Studi Eksploratif Konseptual)
Authors: Harmonis Harmonis
Published: August 2019

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti tentang Islam dan komunikasi sebagai sains. Di mana satu sama lainnya mempunyai ruang untuk menampung asas-asas kesamaan, hingga diyakini dapat membentuksatu pendekatan alternatif dalam kajian-kajian komunikasi. Hal ini disebabkan dalam ajaran Islam terdapatsains komunikasi, dan pada sisi yang lain, dalam studi komunikasi media juga terdapat sains Islam. Namundalam realitasnya, yang terjadi adalah terdapat pemisahan antara keduanya. Sejauhmanakah pentingnyakedudukan ini dalam realitas hubungan antara Islam dan komunikasi? Dengan tujuan untuk lebih beranimengemukakan dan menggalakkan penggunaan pendekatan baru dalam memahami ilmu komunikasi. Jawaban itulah yang diperlukan pada saat ini. Sementara, selama ini, para pakar belum memperlihatkan usahayang sungguh-sungguh dalam melaksanakan pendekatan tersebut. Meskipun mereka mungkin seringkali melihat kegagalan-kegagalan aplikasi dari teori yang bersifat saintifik dan bernuansa Barat untuk menyelesaikanmasalah-masalah yang berkaitan dengan masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat yang beragama Islam. Kajianini bersifat penelitian eksploratif konseptual dan teoritikal, dengan memfokuskan kajian terhadap (pada)penyiaran sebagai landasan argumentasi dengan mempergunakan perspektif falsafah Islam.
PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM KEMITRAAN PERHUTANI DI KECAMATAN NGANCAR KABUPATEN KEDIRI ( Studi Implementasi Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan No.P.83/MenLHK/Setjen/Kum.1/10/2016 Tentang Kemitraan Kehutanan)
Authors: Pramono Teguh , Bramantyo Rizki Yudha , Setiono Gentur Cahyo , Suwadji Suwadji
Published: August 2019

Penduduk terus tumbuh dan berkembang yang dibarengi dengan tumbuhnya berbagai sarana dan fasilitas, baik itu sebagai media tempat tinggal maupun fasilitas bekerja serta berbagai sarana prasarana.  Hal tersebut berdampat pada terus berkurangnya lahan pertanian dan kawasan hutan. Akibat selanjutnya adalah seringnya terjadi konflik antara masyarakat sekitar hutan dengan pihak perhutanan, khususnya kawasan hutan lindung dan hutan produksi. Oleh karena itu pemerintah mengeluarkan program kemitraan kehutanaan dengan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan di Kecamatan Ngancar Kabupaten Kediri serta apa yang menjadi kendalanya. Adapun Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan teknik penentuan informan dengan teknik purposive serta teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Data yang terkumpul dilakukan validasi data dengan teknik triangulasi. Setelah data diuji dengan validasi data maka dilakukan teknik analisis dengan teknik analisis interaktif.Menjawab permasalahan pertama dan fokus dari permasalahan pertama tersebut maka dilakukan kerjasama dengan Perhutani dalam bentuk PHBM dan LMDH “Lancar Jaya”. Akibat dari kerjasama tersebut petani memiliki lahan pertanian, pembagian lahan dilakukan secara random, tanaman pertanian meliputi nanas,cabai, jagung, dan kacang panjang (tanaman sayuran). Pemasaran dibantu oleh LMDH “Lancar Jaya”, dalam pengelolaaan lahan tidak diperbolehkan menggunakan insektisida. Dengan demikian terjadi peningkatan penghasilan dan atau kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Kemudian dapat meminimalisir kerusakan lingkungan dan konflik sosial. Kendala yang dirasakan dalam melaksanakan program kemitraan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat sekitar hutan, antara lain Kendala internal meliputi kurangnya motivasi, dan saratnya pembatsan dalam pengelolaan lahan. Akibatnya hasil panen kurang optimal, mengingat tidak diperbolehkannya penggunaan insektisida serta tiadanya penyuluhan pertanian. Kendala Eksternal antara lain pengaruh iklim/cuaca dan wabah penyakit tanaman.Kata Kunci : Peningkatan Kesejahteraan, kemitraan