bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable practices as a driver of brand value and satisfaction: is it the same for all guests?
Authors: MARÍN-GARCÍA Antonio , MOISE Mihaela Simona , BORDIAN Mariia , GIL-SAURA Irene
Published: December 2024

Purpose – This study examines the influence of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC)
for sustainability on sustainable practices within the hotel sector, and its impact on brand equity
and guest satisfaction. It further assesses the moderating effect of guests’ generational cohorts.
Methodology/Design/Approach – Employing a quantitative approach, the research analyzes
data from 280 guests at Spanish hotels using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression.
Findings – Findings highlight the significance of IMC for sustainability in driving sustainable
practices, which positively affect brand equity and guest satisfaction. The study also uncovers
generational differences in the impact of sustainable practices on brand equity.
Originality of the research – This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting
the strategic role of sustainability and IMC in the hotel industry, particularly in enhancing
brand equity and guest satisfaction. The examination of the moderating role of generational
cohorts provides new insights into the nuanced ways in which different age groups perceive
and value sustainability in their lodging choices. By doing so, it offers hotel managers a
valuable guide for tailoring their sustainability initiatives and marketing communications to
meet the diverse expectations of their guests, thereby achieving competitive advantages in a
rapidly changing environment.
FERRAMENTAS DE APOIO À FISCALIZAÇÃO CONTRATUAL DE SERVIÇOS CONTÍNUOS COM MÃO DE OBRA DE DEDICAÇÃO EXCLUSIVA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Dantas Isabela , Araújo Lima Danielli
Published: December 2024

O princípio da legalidade, expresso na Constituição Federal, é um dos grandes norteadores da atividade do gestor público. Dentro deste contexto, está a Lei Nº 14.133/2021, que traz regramentos para aquisição de mercadorias e para contratação de serviços. Um destes regramentos é a responsabilidade de fiscalizar o bom andamento dos serviços contínuos com mão de obra de dedicação exclusiva, bem como tutelar os direitos dos colaboradores terceirizados que desempenham estes serviços. A referida lei incumbe grande responsabilidade ao servidor público na condução desta atividade, que deverá ao mesmo tempo cumprir os ditames da Administração e do Direito Administrativo. Por meio de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, este estudo investigou a existência de ferramentas de apoio para fiscalização de serviços contínuos com cessão de mão de obra. A pesquisa identificou poucos estudos que tratam sobre ferramentas de apoio, além do mais, mapeou os principais instrumentos utilizados na atividade de fiscalização; e identificou carências inerentes à atividade e à formação dos fiscais.
INTERPRETAÇÃO PÓS-LIBERAL E CONSTITUCIONALISMO TRANSFORMADOR:A RELEVÂNCIA DOS DIÁLOGOS ENTRE OS TRIBUNAIS DOMÉSTICOS E A CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DIREITOS HUMANOS PARA A TUTELA ADEQUADA DA PESSOA
Authors: Prause Fontana Stanlei Ernesto , Cirino dos Santos Fontana Cássia Camila , Fonseca Gurniski Marcelo
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo investiga como a interpretação pós-liberal é necessária para que o constitucionalismo transformador efetive os direitos humanos e fundamentais. Analisa a importância dos precedentes da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos – Corte IDH na elaboração de propostas hermenêuticas. Aplicando-se o método hipotético-dedutivo e o procedimento de pesquisa bibliográfica verifica-se que o constitucionalismo transformador latino-americano se constrói a partir de interpretação pós-liberal que tem o escopo de instituir os pressupostos para as democracias, mediante a tutela adequada da pessoa humana. Estuda-se, também, os precedentes da Corte IDH como fontes importantes para que os tribunais e juízes internos aperfeiçoem a própria jurisprudência com o emprego de padrões decisórios que permitem julgar a validade dos atos normativos e materiais internos, a fim de conferir tutela satisfatória à pessoa humana em toda a região.
TEORIA DA MARGEM DE APRECIAÇÃO NACIONAL É UMA TEORIA PRAGMATISTA?
Authors: Silva Neta Elenita Araújo e
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como problemática central: a teoria da margem de apreciação nacional pode ser considerada uma teoria pragmatista em frente ao universalismo e ao relativismo dos direitos humanos, de acordo com o pragmatismo jurídico de Oliver Holmes Jr? Nesse sentido, o objetivo do artigo é identificar se a teoria da margem é uma teoria pragmatista ou não. Assim, para se atingir tal objetivo, foi utilizado um método dedutivo (com o estudo geral da teoria pragmatista de Holmes Jr, bem como as principais tratativas da teoria da margem para se chegar à análise das jurisprudências da Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos) e pragmático (com a classificação destas decisões como tendentes ao universalismo ou ao relativismo dos direitos humanos, através dos principais fundamentos usados pelo Tribunal Europeu para aplicar, ou não, a teoria da margem de apreciação nacional nos casos em concreto). Além disso, também foram empregados os principais autores que tratam sobre este tema, como Oliver Holmes Jr, Flávia Piovesan, André de Carvalho Ramos e Adrualdo Catão. Ao final do artigo foi possível concluir que a teoria da margem de apreciação nacional não é uma teoria pragmatista.
Energy Transformation in Gravitational Fields: A New Perspective on Four-Velocity
Authors: liu Qianyu , Liu XiaoLing
Published: December 2024

Incorporating the effective speed of light, rather than the conventional constant c, into the four-velocity vector leads to a more physically meaningful expression for the momentum and energy of stationary objects in Schwarzschild spacetime. This indicates that free-falling objects do not gain any energy in the gravitational field; instead, they experience a conversion of rest energy into kinetic energy within the specific spacetime structure. This innovative approach allows us to dispense with the traditional concept of gravitational potential energy, simplifying energy transformations within gravitational fields.
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing and Management Using Drone-Based Platforms for Next-Generation Wireless Networks
Authors: Patel Saurabh Hitendra
Published: December 2024

The rapidly evolving wireless landscape faces a critical challenge: managing limited spectrum resources in an increasingly connected world. This paper introduces a groundbreaking solution that combines the flexibility of drone platforms with the power of artificial intelligence to revolutionize how we manage wireless spectrum. Imagine a network that dynamically adapts to user needs, automatically optimizes coverage, and responds to emergencies within minutes - we have made this vision a reality. Our innovative framework leverages autonomous drones as intelligent agents that continuously monitor and optimize spectrum usage, achieving an impressive 62.4% utilization efficiency - nearly double that of traditional systems. Through extensive real-world testing and simulation, we demonstrate how our system thrives in challenging urban environments, handling up to 100 devices per square kilometer while maintaining superior performance. The results are transformative: 85% effective coverage with ultra-responsive 125ms decision-making, all while keeping interference below 12%. This research opens new possibilities for next-generation wireless networks, offering a practical path toward solving the spectrum scarcity challenge. For network operators, our solution provides a cost-effective, scalable approach to maximize existing spectrum resources. For researchers, we provide comprehensive insights into integrating aerial platforms with AI for wireless optimization, including detailed analysis of energy constraints, scalability considerations, and AI model behavior. This work establishes a foundation for future wireless networks where dynamic, intelligent spectrum management becomes the norm rather than the exception.
Concordant Patterns of Population Genetic Structure in Food-Deceptive Dactylorhiza Orchids
Authors: Wróblewska Ada , Ostrowiecka Beata , Jermakowicz Edyta , Tałałaj Izabela
Published: December 2024

Background: The patterns of inbreeding coeficient (FIS) and fine-spatial genetic structure have been evaluated regarding mating system and inbreeding depression of food-deceptive orchid populations, Dactylorhiza majalis, Dactylorhiza incarnata var. incarnata, and Dactylorhiza fuchsii from NE Poland. Methods: We used 455 individuals representing nine populations of three Dactylorhiza taxa and AFLP markers to estimate percent polymorphic loci (P%) and Nei’s gene diversity (H), calculated using the Bayesian method, FIS, FST, the spatial autocorrelation analysis with the pairwise kinship coefficient Fij, and AMOVA in populations. The genetic diversity parameters were discussed applying data from fruit set, in vitro seed germination and inbreeding depression of three Dactylorhiza. Results: We detected a relatively high proportion of polymorphic fragments (P = 40.4.5–68.4%) and Nei’s gene diversity indices (H = 0.140–0.234). The overall FIS was relatively low-to-moderate 0.071–0.312. The average Fij for the populations of three Dactylorhiza taxa showed significantly positive values, which were observed in the short-distance classes (1-10m (20 m)). FST values were significant in each Dactylorhiza taxon, ranging from the lowest values in D. fuchsii and D. majalis (0.080-0.086, p < 0.05), and the higher value (0.163, p < 0.05) in D. incarnata var. incarnata. The molecular variance was highest within populations (AMOVA: 76.5-86.6%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: We observed the concordant genetic diversity patterns in food-deceptive, allogamous and pollinator-dependent, although also self-compatible with the mix-mating system three Dactylorhiza. In our survey, FIS is often substantially higher than Fij at the first class of SGS, suggesting that selfing (meaning of geitonogamy) is at least responsible for homozygosity. The strong SGS may have additional and unexplored evolutionary consequences in Dactylorhiza, and combined with low inbreeding depression, may strongly influence establishing the inbred lines in the case of D. majalis and D. incarnata var. incarnata.
Comparative Study of Squalane Products as Sustainable Alternative to Polyalphaolefin: Oxidative Degradation Products and Impact on Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Pichler Jessica , Agocs Adam , Pisarova Lucia , Minami Ichiro , Frauscher Marcella , Dörr Nicole
Published: December 2024

The growing demand for sustainable lubricant solutions is driving the exploration of biobased materials that can deliver comparable performance to conventional, primarily fossil-based lubricant chemistries. This study focuses on squalane as sustainable base oil, which can be derived from different renewable sources. A total of three squalane products were evaluated for ther-mal-oxidative stability and benchmarked against a polyalphaolefin PAO4 of the same total carbon number. Oil samples subjected to artificial alteration in a closed reactor underwent standard lub-ricant analyses, including infrared spectroscopy, to determine the conventional degradation changes over time. Additional in-depth information, by direct infusion high-resolution mass spec-trometry and gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry were em-ployed to identify oxidation degradation products. The results revealed substantial variability in the stability of squalane products, suggesting that differences in raw materials and production processes have a profound influence on their performance, as well as rheological properties. Furthermore, detailed mass spectrometry analysis was applied to identify degradation products specific to poly-alphaolefin and squalane, respectively, and to understand their impact on the conventional phys-icochemical properties. While polyalphaolefin predominantly generated short-chain carboxylic acids as degradation products, squalane oxidation also produced several alcohols and ketones. Despite these differences, squalane demonstrates potential as a non-fossil hydrocarbon-based base oil, as squalane products matched and even outperformed stability of PAO4.
Supporting the Decision of the Road Manager Through Noise Mapping
Authors: Jaskowski Piotr , Koniak Marcin , Matijosius Jonas , Kilikevičius Artūras
Published: December 2024

Noise pollution poses significant challenges for urban infrastructure management, necessitating practical assessment tools such as noise maps. These maps facilitate the visualisation and geo-referencing of noise levels, enabling the identification of areas requiring immediate intervention and long-term strategic responses. Road sections with more than 3 million vehicles per year were selected for measurement. The article presents the results in the form indicated. It obtains an excess of the Long-term Day-Night Average Noise Level (LDWN), affecting approximately 1.899 km² and impacting around 1,200 residents within the exceedance zone. Similarly, the equivalent noise level (LN) exceeds acceptable limits over 1.220 km², affecting an additional 700 residents. At the same time, there were no exceedances of the key noise impact indicators such as a high annoyance (HA), high sleep disturbance (HSD), and ischaemic heart disease (IHD). For areas that exceed the applicable noise standards, a change in traffic organisation was introduced by banning heavy goods vehicles and introducing local speed limits. The changes made have eliminated the noise problem in the urban area. Further anti-noise measures are planned to involve planting plants in the road lane.
Parental Perspectives on How Special Schools Address the Needs of Learners with Special Education Needs
Authors: Sibuyi Makwena , Mathye Desmond , Mshunqane Nombeko , Tshabalala Muziwakhe , Mphahlele Komane
Published: December 2024

Background: The inclusion of learners with special education needs is often hindered by challenges such as an inflexible curriculum and lack of monitoring and evaluation over school policies. Despite the importance of parental insights in shaping inclusive education policies, there is limited research on parents' perspectives regarding how effectively special schools address the needs of these learners. This gap limits a comprehensive understanding of parental perspectives necessary to improve educational practices and policies in special education settings.Aim: The study explored perspectives of parents on how special schools responded and addressed the unique needs of their children with special education needs.Methods: A descriptive, qualitative exploratory design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with eleven parents of Grade 7 learners enrolled in three selected special schools. Participants were recruited using a purposive non-random sampling method through telephone calls and face-to-face. Transcripts were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed inductively using a six-step approach to thematic data analysis on ATLAS.ti version 9. A consensus agreement was used as a strategy to determine intercoder reliability between coders.Results: Three themes emerged with sub-themes. (1) Mismatch between child’s needs and curriculum. (1.1) Lack of curriculum adaptation to meet the childrens’ needs. (1.2) Learners repeat the same grade until they are progressed due to age. (1.3) Lack of skills projects. (2) Lack of collaboration between parents and educators. (2.1) Poor communication. (3) Limited availability of assistive technology. (3.1) Assistive devices pose a risk to learners’ safety whilst awaiting replacements. Conclusion: Many parents perceived that special schools were not responding well to the unique needs of their children in terms of the curriculum delivery. Lack of assessments resulted in learners being retained in inappropriate academic tracks instead of transitioning into vocational pathways.Contribution: Understanding parents' perspectives can inform policies on resource allocation, teacher training, and curriculum differentiation, ultimately improving special education support.
Algae-Bacteria Community Analysis for Drinking Water Taste and Odour Risk Management
Authors: Hooper Annalise Sara , Christofides Sarah , Windsor Fredric , Watson Sophie , Kille Peter , Perkins Rupert G
Published: December 2024

Geosmin and 2-MIB are bacterial secondary metabolites that create an earthy-musty taste and odour (T&O) in drinking water. Both compounds exhibit low odour thresholds and are leading causes of customer complaints to water companies worldwide. Water companies must predict spikes in T&O concentrations early to intervene before these compounds reach the treatment works. Cyanobacteria are key producers of T&O in open waters yet influences of broader microbial and algal communities on cyanobacterial T&O events remain unclear. This study identified T&O risk indicator taxa using next-generation sequencing of bacterial (16S rRNA) and algal (rbcL) communities in three reservoirs in Wales, UK. Ordination analysis of these communities revealed clustering according to assigned T&O concentration levels, identifying T&O signature communities. Random Forest (RF) analyses accurately classified samples for high and low concentrations of geosmin and 2-MIB, demonstrating the biological consortium’s predictive power. Based on shared ecological traits of significant bacterial and algal taxa, we propose five categories corresponding to different magnitudes of taste and odour risk. Indicator taxa in T&O risk categories can then be used to predict T&O events, empowering Water companies first to optimise a treatment response, but importantly to determine triggers before an event to evidence preventative intervention management.
Proving the Absence of Correlation Between Molecular Docking Predictions and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Study in Anti Breast Cancer Drugs Development
Authors: Megantara Sandra , Rusdin Agus , Budiman Arif , Puluhulawa Lisa Efriani , Ikram Nur Kusaira Binti Kahirul , Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
Published: December 2024

Background: In silico methods have transformed the field of drug development by allowing quick and cost-efficient assessment of prospective therapeutic substance. Nevertheless, these computational algorithms encounter constraints when it comes to predict the complex relationships existing at the quantum level, therefore requiring thorough validation using actual data. Aims of Study: The aim of this review was to investigate the correlation between in silico predictions of Gibbs energy (ΔG) and in vitro IC50 values throughout studies performed on the MCF7 breast cancer cell line. Methodology: This review provides a systematic approach to collect relevant literature by employing the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Experimental proof obtained from investigations on MCF7 cells indicate that, contrary to theoretical predictions of a direct relationship between ΔG and IC50 values, there is an absence of a consistent linear association among all the chemicals and protein targets that were examined. These contradictions arise due to factors such as variations in biology, particular responses to the target, and differences in conditions for experimentation. To enhance the accuracy of predictions and optimize drug development processes, it is crucial to employ integrated methodologies that combine computational predictions with empirical data. These approaches should take into account chemical metabolism, cellular permeability, and target selectivity. Conclusion: In conclusion, this review demonstrates no linear correlation between Gibbs energy values and IC50 values in MCF7 cell studies. Future studies should focus on specific cell lines and receptors, under well-defined experimental conditions and parameters, to enhance predictive accuracy and reliability in drug discovery.
Stressed Lysosome: Theoretical Model of Late Endosomal and Lysosomal pH Regulationapplied to Single and Mixed Stress Conditions
Authors: Nazarova Sofia , Alekhin Vadim , Pavlov Vladislav , Semenov Yury , Bukhalovich Siarhei , Tsybrov Fedor , Gizatullina Diljara , Bogorodskiy Andrey , Bagaeva Diana , Moiseeva Olga , Vlasova Anastasiya , Mikhailov Anatolii , Rogachev Andrey , Nesterov Semen , Borshchevskiy Valentin , Bregestovski Piotr , Gordeliy Valentin , Ilyinsky Nikolay
Published: December 2024

Lysosomes are important organelles of eukaryotic cells required for autophagy, endocytosis, protection against pathogens, maintenance of metabolic balance and cell signaling. A model of ion homeostasis and synchronised, interdependent operation of ion transporters in the lysosome allows one to predict the response to external influences and to design and interpret experiments correctly. Especially, with the advent of organelle rhodopsin optogenetics, there is a great need to predict cellular outcomes after light-driven specific ion transport in lysosomes and other organelles. At present, there are no models of lysosomal ion balance that fully match the current experimental data and allow simulation the organelle’s response to stress. Here we present an interactive model that provides near-lysosomal ion concentrations and adequate stress responses. The model is stable to lysosome maturation, transient organelle swelling, membrane permeabilization, deacidification by vATPase inhibition or additional proton efflux, accumulation of weakly basic, “proton sponge”-like cationic amphiphilic drug (CAD) in the lysosome. The model shows that at least one of the functions of lysosomal calcium could be attributed to the stress signal of organelle deacidification. As a major advance, our simulation provides the possibility to have the lysosome under mixed stress conditions. In addition to suggesting the dynamics of the stress response, the model also allows to study of purely selective effects, which can be experimentally induced using optogenetics. Understanding the mechanisms of stable, stress-resistant functioning of the lysosome provides ideas for the invention of anti-disease and anti-aging interventions.
Invasive Plants Do Not Exert Univocal Responses on Soil Abiotic and Biotic Characteristics
Authors: Zizolfi Monica , Maisto Giulia , Santini Giorgia , Memoli Valeria , Trifuoggi Marco , Di Natale Gabriella , Toscanesi Maria , Barile Rossella , Santorufo Lucia
Published: December 2024

Invasive plants are among the top five drivers of biodiversity loss, primarily due to competition and allelopathy. By releasing root exudates, they alter soil properties, influencing both soil abiotic and biotic characteristics. The effects of invasive plants on soil characteristics and biota remain underexplored, with findings often controversial and context-dependent. This study aimed to understand the impact of two invasive species—black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima Mill.)—on soil abiotic characteristics, microbial and Collembola com-munities. Comparisons were made with soils under two native vegetation covers, holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and herbaceous vegetation. In fall 2023, twelve sites within Vesuvius National Park (three per plant cover) were sampled to assess soil characteristics, microbial biomass and activities, and Collembola communities. The results demonstrated that tree of heaven increased soil pH, reduced organic carbon content, but enhanced bacterial biomass and activity, and Col-lembola density, being similar to holm oak soil. In contrast, black locust increased soil nitrogen content but decreased microbial biomass and activity, and Collembola density. Despite these differences, Collembola species composition was scarcely diversified and largely similar under both invasive species. In conclusion, the presence of invasive plants was associated with declines in soil organism biodiversity, underscoring their disruptive influence on soil ecosystems.
Towards High-Resolution Multipitch Estimation for Expressive Pipa Music Annotation Using Morphological Analysis of Photoelectric Signals
Authors: Wang Yuancheng , Li Xuanzhe , Zhang Yunxiao , Wang Qiao
Published: December 2024

The prosodic music signal physically exhibits non-linearity and non-stationarity driven by variations in pitch and amplitude, which pose a great challenge to pitch estimation under complex playing techniques. To address this issue, we revisit different single-pitch annotation algorithms and processes on the string displacement signal captured by optical sensors mounted on pipa, a Chinese traditional plucked string instrument with a high diversity of playing techniques. This signal demonstrates an arched form momentarily deviating from origin at plucks, which facilitates accurate boundary detection and avoids the impact of spurious energy peaks arose by pitch-shift playing techniques within vibration areas. Then we develop a novel amplitude-invariant sparse time-frequency representation termed by continuous time-period mapping (CTPM), which allows to extract pitch curves without signal shaping, even in cases where multiple oscillations occur within a single period. Playing techniques mixed of pitch-shift and tremolo are also covered by our proposed process. Evaluated on 4 renowned expressive pipa music pieces of varying difficulty levels, our proposed fully time-domain onset detectors outperform the 4 commonly-used short-time methods particularly during rapid-plucking and tremolo. Zero-crossing-based pitch estimator achieved an overwhelming computational efficiency and a performance comparable to short-time methods if provided the correct boundaries.
Spontaneous Assembly of Macromolecules in Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) Fruit into Nanocomplexes Under Cell Disrupting Conditions
Authors: Tiwari Krishna Raj , Chandrasekaran Ranu , Padmanabhan Priya , Natarajan Nagappan , Subramanian Kizhaeral S , Subramanian Jay , Paliyath Gopinadhan
Published: December 2024

Homogenization of sour cherry fruit in aqueous or alcoholic medium resulted in spontaneous assembly of cell wall components such as pectin, oligosaccharides linked to proteins, polyphenols and malic acid into spherical nanoparticles. These were detergent stable, uniform spherical structures ranging in size from 25–50 nm in solution and appear enlarged when dehydrated into a powder. A different type of nanostructure resembling fibers, ~5 nm in width, and several micrometers in length, was also isolated from ethanol-bleached cherry devoid of anthocyanins. The nanoparticles could be completely disrupted by treating them with polygalacturonase, indicating the presence of pectin among the constituent molecules. Also, treatment with cellulase and trypsin resulted in the removal of the outer fibrillar structures of the nanoparticles exposing an inner core. SDS-PAGE of nanoparticles revealed the presence of polypeptides of varying masses, co-migrating with pectin and anthocyanins. Both nanoparticles and nanofibers showed strong affinity to anti- arabinogalactan-protein complexes, and a far lower affinity to anti-extensin. The nanoparticles did not react with anti-homogalacturonan, while the nanofibers showed a very strong reaction. FT-IR spectra of the nanoparticles and the nanofibers showed absorption peaks characteristic to those of proteins and pectin. Both nanoparticles and nanofibers were internalized by cultured human cells efficiently. Treatment with nanofiber-paclitaxel adducts caused cytotoxicity in multidrug resistant colorectal cancer cells, suggesting that nanofibers may have applications in delivering bioactive molecules and materials with therapeutic potential into human cells.
Synthesis, Investigation, Biological Evaluation and Application of Coordination Compounds—A Review
Authors: Marinova Petya Emilova , Tamahkyarova Kristina Dimova
Published: December 2024

Coordination compounds, characterized by the coordination of metal ions with ligands, represent a pivotal area of research in chemistry due to their diverse structures and versatile applications. This review delves into the synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation, and practical ap-plications of these compounds. A variety of synthetic methodologies (traditional solution-based techniques) are discussed to highlight advancements in the field. Investigations into the structural, electronic, and spectral properties of coordination compounds are emphasized to provide insights into their functional attributes. The biological evaluation section focuses on their roles in anti-microbial, anticancer, and enzyme-inhibitory activities, underscoring their potential in therapeutic development. Аttention is paid to nanoparticles, which are increasingly used for the treatment of oncological diseases. The metal complexes have been shown to have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. Additionally, the review ex-plores their applications across domains such as catalysis illustrating their multifaceted utility. By synthesizing recent findings and trends, this article aims to bridge the gap between fundamental chemistry and applied sciences, paving the way for innovative uses of coordination compounds in both biological and industrial contexts.
Prolonged Survival with Dieting for the Improved Autophagy
Authors: Fukumoto Akari , Nakashima Moeka , Matsuda Satoru
Published: December 2024

Food is a crucial component affecting the health of individuals, which may have the potential to expand lifespan. It has been shown that the long lifespan may be related to the fine-tuned autophagy. In general, the suitable autophagy could play a significant role in an anti-aging biological exertion of the host. A member of serine and threonine kinases, AMPK, could play vital roles within the autophagy signaling pathway in various cells. In addition, alterations in the kinase activity of AMPK have been shown to be connected to several pathologies of aging related diseases. Therefore, autophagy could control the lifespan-related homeostasis within the host from cells to a body via the modification of AMPK. The design of the diet and/or nutrition targeting the AMPK would be a possibility to expand the lifespan. Some analyses of the molecular biology underlying the autophagy suggest that supplementation of accurate nutraceuticals as well as dietary restriction, mild fasting, and/or appropriate physical exercise could modulate the AMPK signaling which may be advantageous for the life-extension with the alteration of autophagy. Remarkably, it has been revealed that several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) might also play significant roles in the regulation of autophagy. In addition, the production of some ncRNAs may be associated with the alteration of gut microbiota with certain dieting. Therefore, the modulation of AMPK action with ncRNAs via choosing the relevant diets could be a therapeutic tactic for grasping the longevity, also accompanying with the reduced risk of several aging-related diseases.
Synergistic Effect of Ceftazidime-Avibactam, Imipenem-Relebactam, Meropenem-Varbobactam with Aztreonam, Colistin or Fosfomycin on Metallo-b-lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains
Authors: Kontopoulou Konstantina , Tsekoura Magdalini , Nakas Christos , Papazisis Georgios
Published: December 2024

Τhe objective of this study was to assess the in vitro synergy between the new antibacterial agents CZA, M/V and I/R combined with aztreonam (AZM), colistin (COL) and fosfomycin (FOS) against MBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. This was done to identify the most effective combination regimen that could offer alternative treatment options for infections caused by MBL carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.A total of 169 MBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae single clinical isolates (89 NDM, 66 NDM+KPC and 14 VIM) were included in the study, collected between 1 March 2023 and 30 September 2024. Of these, 86 were isolated from urine, 45 from blood, 27 from wound cultures and 11 from bronchoalveolar secretions. the strongest synergistic effects were observed with the combination of AZM plus CZA, MV, and IR, followed by combinations of FOS plus CZA, MV, and IR, suggesting promising therapeutic options for MBL-producing CRKP infections. Additionally, COL-based combinations with CZA, MV, and IR provided a better additive effect, emphasizing the need for tailored therapeutic strategies.
The Association of Dining Companionship with Energy and Nutrient Intake Among Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults
Authors: Minagawa-Watanabe Yuki , Ukawa Shigekazu , Fukumura Tomoe , Okabayashi Satoe , Ando Masahiko , Wakai Kenji , Tsushita Kazuyo , Tamakoshi Akiko
Published: December 2024

Background: Community-dwelling older adults are at risk of malnutrition due to age-related declines in energy and nutrient intakes. While the positive effect of dining companions on energy and nutrient intake has been suggested, evidence remains inconclusive. This study investigated the association between the number of dining companions and energy and nutrient intakes, as well as the contribution of specific food groups to higher intakes in the presence of dining companions. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2,865 community-dwelling older adults. The number of dining companions was assessed through self-administered questionnaires and categorized into three groups (none, 1, ≥2). Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and multivariable regression analyses were conducted to control for potential confounders. Results: Participants dining with two or more companions consumed significantly more energy (β 143.85; 95% CI: 30.05, 257.65; P for trend= 0.01), protein (β 6.32; 95% CI: 1.05, 11.59), fat (β 6.78; 95% CI: 2.44, 11.12; P for trend = 0.002), and carbohydrates (β 17.43; 95% CI: 1.48, 33.37; P for trend = 0.06) compared to those dining alone. They also consumed higher amounts of rice, fats and oils, meat, other vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms. Conclusions: Dining with two or more companions is associated with greater energy and nutrient intakes, particularly from energy- and nutrient-dense foods. Encouraging shared meals could serve as a potential approach to support dietary quality and address risks of malnutrition in older adults.
Comparative Real-World Adverse Drug Reactions of Fluoxetine and Sertraline in Outpatients with Depression
Authors: Werawattanachai Chompoonuch , Hadee Pattaramart , Sornsoongneon Jitapa , Boonlue Tuanthon
Published: December 2024

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including fluoxetine and sertraline, are widely prescribed for depression due to their favorable safety profiles compared to older antidepressants. However, these medications are associated with various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that may affect patient adherence and treatment outcomes. This study evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of ADRs in outpatients treated with fluoxetine and sertraline, comparing ADR rates in real-world clinical settings. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care psychiatric hospital from July to December 2018, involving 65 outpatients with depression who had been on fluoxetine (N=47) or sertraline (N=18) for at least four weeks. Data on ADRs were collected using a validated questionnaire, and comparisons were performed using Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests. The mean age of participants was 47.55 ± 16.14 years for fluoxetine and 45.16 ± 19.47 years for sertraline, with no significant differences in gender or treatment duration. Common ADRs included sedation, insomnia, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Anorexia was significantly more frequent in the fluoxetine group (21.28%, P=0.05), while nausea/vomiting was higher in the sertraline group (27.78%, P=0.001). Other ADRs, including sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular effects, were similar between groups. These findings underscore the importance of recognizing distinct ADR profiles to optimize treatment decisions for outpatients with depression.
Emerging Strategies in Cartilage Repair and Joint Preservation
Authors: Focsa Mircea Adrian , Florescu Sorin , Gogulescu Armand
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives. Cartilage repair remains a critical challenge in orthopaedic medicine due to the tissue's limited self-healing ability, contributing to degenerative joint conditions such as osteoarthritis (OA). In response, regenerative medicine has developed advanced therapeutic strategies, including cell-based therapies, gene editing, and bioengineered scaffolds, to promote cartilage regeneration and restore joint function. This narrative review aims to explore the latest developments in cartilage repair techniques, focusing on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, gene-based interventions, and biomaterial innovations. It also discusses the impact of patient-specific factors, such as age, defect size, and cost-efficiency, on treatment selection and outcomes. Methods. The review synthesises findings from recent clinical and preclinical studies published within the last five years, retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search targeted key terms such as "cartilage repair," "stem cell therapy," "gene editing," "biomaterials," and "tissue engineering." Key Findings. Advances in MSC-based therapies, including autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), have demonstrated promising regenerative potential. Gene-editing tools like CRISPR/Cas9 have facilitated targeted cellular modifications, while novel biomaterials such as hydrogels, biodegradable scaffolds, and 3D-printed constructs have improved mechanical support and tissue integration. Additionally, biophysical stimuli like low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have enhanced chondrogenic differentiation and matrix production. Treatment decisions are influenced by patient age, cartilage defect size, and financial considerations, highlighting the need for personalised and multimodal approaches. Conclusions. Combining regenerative techniques, including cell-based therapies, gene modifications, and advanced scaffolding, offers a promising pathway toward durable cartilage repair and joint preservation. Future research should focus on refining integrated therapeutic protocols, conducting long-term clinical evaluations, and embracing personalised treatment models driven by artificial intelligence and predictive algorithms.
Viscoelastic Memory Effects in Cyclic Thermomechanical Loading of Epoxy Polymer and Glass Reinforced Composite: Experimental Study and Modeling under Variable Initial Stress and Cycle Durations
Authors: Mishnev Maxim , Korolev Alexander , Zadorin Alexander , Alabugina Daria , Malikov Denis , Zyrianov Fedor
Published: December 2024

This article presents a study of the viscoelastic behavior of an epoxy polymer and a glass-reinforced composite based on it under cyclic thermomechanical loading. The goal is to model and explain the experimentally observed stress state formation, including the accumulation of residual stresses at various initial mechanical stress levels and durations of heating and cooling cycles. An improved material model implemented as a Python script is used, allowing the consideration of memory effects on thermomechanical loading depending on the level and nature (mechanical or thermal) of initial stresses. A Python script was developed to determine the viscoelastic parameters of mate-rials (elastic modulus E₁, elastic parameter E₂, viscosity) for the three-element Kelvin–Voigt model. The parameters of the polymer and the glass-reinforced composite used in the main modeling were determined at different temperatures. This makes the approach different from the one we previously used [1], where the parameters were determined only at one temperature. The accumulation of stresses under different ratios of mechanical and thermal stresses was also con-sidered differently. The experiment showed that high levels of residual stresses could form in the pure epoxy polymer, depending on the viscoelastic properties of the material, the parameters of the temperature cycles, and the initial stress state. In the case of the glass-reinforced composite, the effect of residual stress accumulation is significantly weaker, which may be due to reinforcement and high residual stiffness even at elevated temperatures (the studies were conducted from 30 to 180 °C for the composite and from 30 to 90 °C for the polymer). The modeling results qualitatively and quantitatively agree satisfactorily with the experimental data, offering a possible explanation for the observed effects. The proposed approach and tools can be used to predict the stress-strain state of polymer composite structures operating under cyclic thermomechanical loads.
The First Report About the Application of the Hinotori™ Surgical Robot System for Liver Resection: A Report of Initial Series of 10 Cases
Authors: Nakamura Kenichi , Koide Tetsuya , Higashiguchi Takahiko , Matsuo Kazuhiro , Endo Tomoyoshi , Kikuchi Kenji , Morohara Koji , Katsuno Hidetoshi , Uyama Ichiro , Suda Koichi , Morise Zenichi
Published: December 2024

Background: In Japan, the hinotori™ surgical robot system (Medicaroid Corporation, Japan) was approved for gastrointestinal surgeries in October 2022.
This report details our initial experience performing a liver resection using the hinotori™ system.
Methods: 10 patients, who were assessed as the cases with advantages from robot-assisted procedure, underwent liver resections using the hinotori™ system at Fujita health university Okazaki medical center between August 2023 and October 2024. Backgrounds (patient, tumor and liver functional conditions along with the surgical procedures) and short-term outcomes (operation time, blood loss, post-operative complications, open conversion, length of hospital stay, mortality) were evaluated.
Results: 8 cases of partial liver resection, 1 extended left medial sectionectomy, and 1 left hemi-hepatectomy were performed. 6 cases of hepatocellular carcinomas, 3 cases of liver metastases, and 1 case of hepatolithiasis were included. There were 7 males and 3 females with the age of 70, median. 3 physical status class III and 7 class II patients were included. The body mass index was 24. Five patients had previous upper abdominal surgical histories, and 5patients had liver cirrhosis.
Operation time was 419.5 minutes. Intraoperative blood loss was 276 ml. An open conversion in an HCC case was experienced due to the bleeding from collateral vessels in the round ligament. The length of hospital stay was 7.5 days. A grade IIIa complication (delayed bile leakage) was developed in one case. All patients with tumors underwent R0 resection. There was no mortality.
Conclusions: Liver resection using the hinotori™ system was feasibly performed. This report represents the world-first use of the hinotori™ system for liver resection.
Pharmaceutical Prescribing Privileges for Optometrists to Combat Childhood Myopia in Singapore: Public Health Policy Review and Analysis
Authors: Yap Tiong Peng , Mishu Masuma Pervin
Published: December 2024

Singapore’s national myopia prevention efforts have largely focused on school vision screening and public education on outdoor activities in the past two decades. Given the emergence of evidence-based myopia interventions, this policy review and analysis investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of optometrist prescribing privileges as it has been proposed to reduce the barriers to access effective interventions, such as combined therapy (e.g. orthokeratology treatment and low-dose atropine therapy). In this policy analysis, two policy options were identified to be feasible based on evidences from a systematic literature search and they were analysed along with status quo using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Policy Analysis Framework. This includes independent prescribing and supplementary prescribing, where the former entails autonomous clinical decision-making by optometrists, and the latter entails co-management with ophthalmological supervision. The policy review and analysis found independent prescribing most favourable. Public health impact is expected to be substantial due to increased patient access, reduced treatment costs, early interventions, improved treatment compliance, and reduced wait times and inconvenience. It is feasible to implement because treatment processes can be streamlined when optometrists have prescribing privileges. Economical and budgetary impact is also substantial given the direct savings generated, which can consequently help to reduce the disease burden.
Glioma Classification: A Comparative Analysis of Supervised and Ensemble Learning Methods
Authors: Kumar Teerath , Mohd Syukri Muhammad Shaqif Syauqi
Published: December 2024

The accurate differentiation between higher-grade gliomas (HGGs) and lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) is critical for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Despite the substantial research on glioma classification, most studies rely on conventional machine learning models or deep learning methods, often overlooking the potential of ensemble approaches. This study introduces a novel comparative analysis of various supervised learning models and ensemble learning strategies, specifically focusing on their application to glioma classification using clinical and molecular biomarkers. Utilizing three distinct datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), we trained and evaluated eight individual supervised machine learning models and nine ensemble models employing hard voting mechanisms. Notably, this study emphasizes the importance of ensemble techniques in achieving enhanced stability and robustness across datasets. The results demonstrate that the linear support vector machine (SVC) achieved the highest accuracy of 90.1% on TCGA 1, outperforming all other individual models. Ensemble learning strategies, particularly combinations including linear SVC, AdaBoost, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and random forest, consistently delivered superior performance across all datasets. Importantly, our analysis highlights that ensemble models not only outperform individual models but also provide more reliable classifications, especially in the context of class imbalances inherent in medical datasets. This work contributes to the growing body of research by demonstrating the potential of ensemble learning techniques for glioma classification and underscores their value in clinical decision-making, marking a step forward in the integration of machine learning with clinical oncology.
Persistence of the Immune Response to an Intramuscular Bivalent (GI.1/GII.4) Norovirus Vaccine in Adults
Authors: Leroux-Roels Geert , Atmar Robert L. , Cramer Jakob P. , Escudero Ian , Borkowski Astrid
Published: December 2024

Background: Major global economic and health burdens due to norovirus gastroenteritis could be addressed by an effective vaccine.
Methods: 428 adult recipients of various compositions of the norovirus-vaccine candidate, HIL-214, were followed for 5 years, to assess immune responses to its virus-like–particle antigens, GI.1 and GII.4c. Serum antibodies and peripheral-blood antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) were measured. This report focuses on the single-dose 15/50 (µg GI.1/GII.4c) composition, which had been selected for further clinical development.
Results: For single-dose 15/50 recipients (N=105), GI.1-specific and GII.4c-specific histoblood-group-antigen–blocking (HBGA) antibodies appeared to have persisted to 5 years, waning from a peak at 4-to-8 weeks, and plateauing above baseline after 3 years. From 3-to-5 years, GI.1-specific GMTs ranged between 53 (95%CI, 40–71) and 60 (95%CI, 46–77; N=69–97) and were approximately 2-fold above the baseline GMT (24 [95%CI, 20–28]; N=105). GII.4c-specific GMTs ranged between 103 (95%CI, 77–138) and 114 (95%CI, 86–152; N=70–97) and were above baseline, but by less than 2-fold (70 [95%CI, 53–92]; N=105). Similar kinetics were observed for pan-Ig titers and ASCs in a subset. Similar kinetics were also observed for HBGA and pan-Ig titers in recipients of other 15/50 dosages.
Conclusion: Immune responses to HIL-214 in adults appear to persist for 5 years.