bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma visão psicanalítica do totalitarismo
Authors: López-Corvo Rafael E. , Pérez Morazzani Ana Milagros
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho representa uma tentativa de investigação sobre a fenomenologia de traumas ocorridos durante os primeiros anos em duas populações diferentes: uma, constituída de personalidades conhecidas dentro da história política do mundo pela sua responsabilidade em sistemas totalitários ou ditaduras, como Lênin, Stalin, Hitler, Mao, Castro e Hussein, além de um personagem como Che, que foi lutador de esquerda, porém não chegou a estabelecer uma ditadura. No segundo grupo, investigam-se personalidades como Beethoven, Gandhi, Einstein e Picasso. Como experiência traumática precoce, consideramos aquelas circunstâncias que fazem com que um evento temporal se transforme em um fato permanente, que logo se repete indefinidamente, determinando o que Bion chamou “a parte real da identificação projetiva”.
Asymmetric Directional Control of Thermal Emission
Authors: Yu Jianbo , Qin Rui , Ying Yunbin , Qiu Min , Li Qiang
Published: July 2023

Control over the directionality of thermal emission plays a fundamental role in efficient heat transport. Although nanophotonic technologies have demonstrated the capability for angular‐selective thermal emission, achieving asymmetric directional thermal emission in reciprocal systems with energy directed to a single output angle remains challenging due to symmetric band dispersion. In this work, a general strategy for achieving asymmetric directional thermal emission in reciprocal systems is presented. With periodic perturbation and broken mirror symmetry, metasurfaces behave as resonant metagratings whose resonances can be diffracted to symmetric output angles with distinct efficiency, allowing for high emissivity toward a single direction. An asymmetric directional thermal emitter is experimentally demonstrated at mid‐infrared wavelengths with high emissivity (ɛ = 0.61) at the observation angle of +30°, and low emissivity (ɛ < 0.3) at other angles. This work highlights the potential for manipulating the directionality of thermal emission, which holds promise for developing ultrathin customized thermal sources and impacts on various thermal‐engineering applications.
MDM2‐Targeting Reassembly Peptide (TRAP) Nanoparticles for p53‐Based Cancer Therapy
Authors: Li Fangzhou , Chen Delin , Sun Qianqian , Wu Jiale , Gan Yaling , Leong Kam W. , Liang Xing‐Jie
Published: July 2023

Gene mutations and functional inhibition are the major obstacles for p53‐mediated oncotherapy. For p53‐wild‐type tumors, the underlying mechanisms of functional inhibition of p53 during oncogenesis are unknown. The results reveal that the expression of the MDM2 inhibitor ARF is inhibited in p53‐wild‐type tumors, indicating that the restoration of ARF could be a potential oncotherapy strategy for p53‐wild‐type tumors. Therefore, ARF‐mimetic MDM2‐targeting reassembly peptide nanoparticles (MtrapNPs) for p53‐based tumor therapy is developed. The results elucidated that the MtrapNPs respond to and form a nanofiber structure with MDM2. By trapping MDM2, the MtrapNPs stabilize and activate p53 for the inhibition of p53‐wild‐type tumors. In most cases, reactivated mutant p53 is inhibited and degraded by MDM2. In the present study, MtrapNPs are used to load and deliver arsenic trioxide, a p53 mutation rescuer, for p53‐mutated tumor treatment in both orthotopic and metastatic models, and they exhibit significant therapeutic effects. Therefore, the study provides evidence supporting a link between decreased ARF expression and tumor development in patients with p53‐wild‐type tumors. Thus, the MDM2‐trap strategy, which addresses both the inhibition and mutations of p53, is an efficient strategy for the treatment of p53‐mutated tumors.
Interface‐Controlled Biomimetic Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Collagen: Effect of Ca2+/[PO4]3− Concentration Ratio
Authors: Amornkitbamrung Urasawadee , In Yongjae , Lee Jung Heon , Wang Zhen , Oh Sang Ho , Shin Heungsoo , Yoon Dae Sung , Shin Hyunjung
Published: July 2023

Mineralized fibrils are important building blocks in bone tissue, formed by the hierarchical assembly of collagen molecules and crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAp). The mineralization pathway of HAp is reported as a nonclassical‐crystallization, but the nanoconfined crystallization in collagen fibrils remains poorly understood. The mechanism of intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen‐PDA fibrils in modified‐simulated body fluid (m‐SBF) solution is studied. Collagen‐amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) fibrils are obtained by assembling collagen‐PDA fibrils with polyaspartic acid (pAsp) as a stabilizer. The ACP undergoes a phase transformation to HAp within the fibrils upon adjusting the phosphate concentration. It is found that the phase transformation of ACP to HAp in collagen fibrils can be accelerated with a 12 h incubation with 1/10 ratio of Ca2+ to [PO4]3−. A lower ratio of 1/1 and 1/5 results in a much slower phase transformation. This finding suggests that an elevated concentration of [PO4]3− is crucial for faster phase transformation. The relationship between the crystallization rate of HAp in the fibrils and the degree of mineralization is found to be linear in all cases, indicating an interface‐controlled process. This gives a better understanding of the mechanism of HAp mineralization in collagen fibrils, providing an effective approach to material design.
Smart and intelligent optical materials for sensing applications
Authors: Singh Ravindra Pratap , Singh Jay
Published: July 2023

This special issue (SI) entitled ‘Smart and intelligent optical materials for sensing applications’, published by Luminescence, Wiley focuses on the recent advancement of smart and intelligent optical materials for the fabrication of sensor technology for use in numerous fields such as pharmaceutical, biomedical, and environmental. Also, detailed highlights of their prospects in the fields, for example, of personalized health care, wearable devices, and plant stress monitoring are given. This SI includes 46 peer‐reviewed articles, of which 15 are reviews written by well established researchers with expertise in the field, and the remaining 31 are research articles from world‐leading scientists.
Suicide‐specific mortality among patients with treatment‐resistant major depressive disorder, major depressive disorder with prior suicidal ideation or suicide attempts, or major depressive disorder alone
Authors: Kern David M. , Canuso Carla M. , Daly Ella , Johnson Jonathan C. , Fu Dong Jing , Doherty Teodora , Blauer‐Peterson Cori , Cepeda M. Soledad
Published: July 2023

Background

The impact of treatment‐resistant depression (TRD) or prior suicidal ideation/suicide attempt (SI/SA) on mortality by suicide among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is not well known. This retrospective, observational, descriptive cohort study characterized real‐world rates of suicide‐specific mortality among patients with MDD with or without TRD or SI/SA.

Methods

Adult patients with MDD among commercially insured and Medicare enrollees in Optum Research Database were included and assigned to three cohorts: those with treatment‐resistant MDD (TRD), those with MDD and SI/SA (MDD+SI/SA), and those with MDD without TRD or SI/SA (MDD alone). Suicide‐specific mortality was obtained from the National Death Index. The effects of demographic characteristics and SI/SA in the year prior to the end of observation on suicide‐specific mortality were assessed.

Results

For the 139,753 TRD, 85,602 MDD+SI/SA, and 572,098 MDD alone cohort patients, mean age ranged from 55 to 59 years and the majority were female. At baseline, anxiety disorders were present in 53.92%, 44.11%, and 21.72% of patients with TRD, MDD+SI/SA, and MDD alone, respectively. Suicide‐mortality rates in the three cohorts were 0.14/100 person‐years for TRD, 0.27/100 person‐years for MDD+SI/SA, and 0.04/100 person‐years for MDD alone. SI/SA during the year prior to the end of observation, younger age, and male sex were associated with increased suicide risk.

Conclusions

Patients with TRD and MDD+SI/SA have a heightened risk of mortality by suicide compared with patients with MDD alone. Suicide rates were higher in patients with recent history versus older or no history of SI/SA, men versus women, and those of young age versus older age.
Comparative evaluation of the clinical and radiographic efficacy of 0.05% zoledronate gel as local drug delivery system in treating intrabony defects in stage III grade B periodontitis patients with and without type‐2 diabetes mellitus—A randomized split‐mouth clinical trial
Authors: Raj Subash Chandra , Mishra Asit Kumar , Mohanty Devapratim , Katti Neelima , Pattnaik Snigdha , Patra Laxmikanta , Pattanaik Abinash
Published: July 2023

Background

This 6‐month randomized split‐mouth and placebo‐controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic efficacy of adjunctive use of 0.05% zoledronate (ZLN) gel as local drug delivery to scaling and root planing (SRP) in stage III, grade B periodontitis patients with and without controlled type‐2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods

A total of 120 infrabony sites were divided into two groups: Group‐1 (non‐diabetic periodontitis) and Group‐2 (periodontitis + DM). A total of 60 sites in each group were randomized to receive treatment with SRP + placebo gel (control) or SRP + 0.05% ZLN gel (test). Plaque index (PI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), pocket probing depth (PPD), and relative attachment levels (RAL) were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months, and digital intraoral periapical and cone‐beam computed tomography imaging were used to measure the linear and percentage reduction of intrabony defect depth (DD, DDR%) after 6 months.

Results

Group‐1 showed significant reduction in PI (0.56 ± 0.15 and 0.52 ± 0.19 from 0.67 ± 0.17), mSBI (0.7 ± 0.60 and 0.47 ± 0.57 from 0.9 ± 0.48), PPD (4.6 ± 0.85 and 3.43 ± 0.63 from 6.5 ± 1.04) and gain in RAL (7.03 ± 0.85 and 5.93 ± 0.69 from 8.9 ± 1.09) in the ZLN‐treated sites than the placebo sites and also from Group‐2 sites after 3 and 6 months, respectively. A significant reduction in DD of 28.79% in Group‐1 and 22.20% in Group‐2 at ZLN sites was seen compared to placebo sites of both groups.

Conclusion

ZLN gel applied subgingivally in infrabony pockets resulted in significant clinical improvements evident by probing depth reduction and gain in attachment levels along with radiographic evidence of more bone fill seen in non‐diabetic patients compared to diabetic periodontitis patients.
Isolation, Structure Elucidation and in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Phytochemical Constituents of Goniothalamus wynaadensis Bedd. and Identification of α‐Tubulin as a Putative Molecular Target by in Silico Study
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Talimarada Doddabasappa , Dhuri Sundar N. , Sundaram Venkata Narayanan Naranammalpuram , Palanimutu Duraippandi , Holla Harish
Published: July 2023

The phytochemical analysis of ethyl acetate and methanol extract of Goniothalamus wynaadensis Bedd. leaves led to an isolation of eight (1–8) known molecules, among them seven (2–8) isolated for the first time from this species, which includes (+)‐goniothalamin oxide (2), goniodiol‐7‐monoacetate (3), goniodiol‐8‐monoacetate (4), goniodiol (5), (+)‐8‐epi‐9‐deoxygoniopypyrone (6) etc. The phytochemical modification by acetylation of 3 and 4 gave goniodiol diacetate (9) with absolute configuration (6R, 7R, 8R) confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Compounds 3–9 were cytotoxic against breast, ovarian, prostate and colon cancer cell lines with IC50<10 μM. Cell cycle analysis and Annexin‐V assay on MDA‐MB‐231 cell using goniodiol‐7‐monoacetate (3) exhibited apoptotic response as well as necrotic response and showed cell proliferation arrest at G2/M phase. An in silico target identification for these molecules was carried out with an α‐tubulin protein target by covalent docking. To gain an in‐depth understanding and identify the stability of these protein‐ligand complexes on thermodynamic energy levels, further assessment of the isolated molecules binding to the Cys‐316 of α‐tubulin was performed based on reaction energetic analysis via DFT studies which hinted the isolated molecules may be α‐tubulin inhibitors similar to Pironetin. Molecular dynamics reiterated the observations.
Changes in Temperature Alter the Toxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds to American Lobster (Homarus americanus) Larvae
Authors: Philibert Danielle , Marteinson Sarah , de Jourdan Benjamin
Published: July 2023

Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) present in the water column are considered to be one of the primary contaminant groups contributing to the toxicity of a crude oil spill. Because crude oil is a complex mixture composed of thousands of different compounds, oil spill models rely on quantitative structure–activity relationships like the target lipid model to predict the effects of crude oil exposure on aquatic life. These models rely on input provided by single species toxicity studies, which remain insufficient. Although the toxicity of select PACs has been well studied, there is little data available for many, including transformation products such as oxidized hydrocarbons. In addition, the effect of environmental influencing factors such as temperature on PAC toxicity is a wide data gap. In response to these needs, in the present study, Stage I lobster larvae were exposed to six different understudied PACs (naphthalene, fluorenone, methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene, and fluoranthene) at three different relevant temperatures (10, 15, and 20 °C) all within the biological norms for the species during summer when larval releases occur. Lobster larvae were assessed for immobilization as a sublethal effect and mortality following 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of exposure. Higher temperatures increased the rate at which immobilization and mortality were observed for each of the compounds tested and also altered the predicted critical target lipid body burden, incipient median lethal concentration, and elimination rate. Our results demonstrate that temperature has an important influence on PAC toxicity for this species and provides critical data for oil spill modeling. More studies are needed so oil spill models can be appropriately calibrated and to improve their predictive ability. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2389–2399. © 2023 SETAC

Abstract

Temperature alters the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds to Stage I American lobster larvae, and these temperature-based differences in toxicity are important data inputs for oil spill effects models.
Retirement age and disability status as pathways to later‐life cognitive impairment: Evidence from the Norwegian HUNT Study linked with Norwegian population registers
Authors: Zotcheva Ekaterina , Strand Bjørn Heine , Bowen Catherine E. , Bratsberg Bernt , Jugessur Astanand , Engdahl Bo Lars , Selbæk Geir , Kohler Hans‐Peter , Harris Jennifer R. , Weiss Jordan , Grøtting Maja Weemes , Tom Sarah E. , Krokstad Steinar , Stern Yaakov , Håberg Asta Kristine , Skirbekk Vegard
Published: July 2023

Background

Research shows that retirement age is associated with later‐life cognition but has not sufficiently distinguished between retirement pathways. We examined how retirement age was associated with later‐life dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for people who retired via the disability pathway (received a disability pension prior to old‐age pension eligibility) and those who retired via the standard pathway.

Methods

The study sample comprised 7210 participants from the Norwegian Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4 70+, 2017–2019) who had worked for at least one year in 1967–2019, worked until age 55+, and retired before HUNT4. Dementia and MCI were clinically assessed in HUNT4 70+ when participants were aged 69–85 years. Historical data on participants' retirement age and pathway were retrieved from population registers. We used multinomial regression to assess the dementia/MCI risk for women and men retiring via the disability pathway, or early (<67 years), on‐time (age 67, old‐age pension eligibility) or late (age 68+) via the standard pathway.

Results

In our study sample, 9.5% had dementia, 35.3% had MCI, and 28.1% retired via the disability pathway. The disability retirement group had an elevated risk of dementia compared to the on‐time standard retirement group (relative risk ratio [RRR]: 1.64, 95% CI 1.14–2.37 for women, 1.70, 95% CI 1.17–2.48 for men). MCI risk was lower among men who retired late versus on‐time (RRR, 0.76, 95% CI 0.61–0.95).

Conclusion

Disability retirees should be monitored more closely, and preventive policies should be considered to minimize the dementia risk observed among this group of retirees.
Liver fluke in cattle and sheep: getting ahead of a rapidly adapting parasite
Authors: Colston Matthew , Mearns Rebecca
Published: July 2023

Background: Liver fluke has a significant impact on the beef, dairy and sheep sectors in terms of disease and production losses, and thus also greenhouse gas emissions. The challenges in managing liver fluke are similar to those for other endoparasites of cattle and sheep, with the threat of resistance to some available actives and a need to focus on the ‘whole farm’ approach. This includes avoiding the challenge where possible and using the right treatment at the right time, by using the available diagnostic tests appropriately. Changes in climate and environmental conditions have led to changes in when snails are active, and therefore when infections are acquired. Treatments based on a set of assumptions as to when immature/adult fluke will be present in cattle and sheep are now likely to lead to unnecessary treatments and incorrect timing of treatment with actives, which may not be effective for the age of fluke in the liver at the time. Timing of treatment will vary on the same farm each year and between farms in the same year. Understanding the life cycle, snail habitats, diagnostic tests and treatments will allow better fluke control in herds and flocks.

Aim of the article: This article aims to shift the emphasis from treatments as the main method for control towards other critical control points relating to the mud snail's role as the intermediate host. This will allow an appreciation of risk periods for acquiring, avoiding and detecting infection within the ruminant host.
Autoimmune hepatitis and overlap syndrome among Alaska Native people: Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and remission
Authors: Johnston Janet M. , McMahon Brian , Townshend‐Bulson Lisa , Plotnik Julia , Jain Paarth , Judge Meggan , Rhodes Wileina , Homan Chriss
Published: July 2023

Background and Aim

High autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and overlap syndrome (OS) prevalence have been previously documented among Alaska Native people. The purpose of this project is to report changes in AIH/OS prevalence over time, clinical characteristics, and factors associated with biochemical remission.

Methods

We reviewed medical records for Alaska Native/American Indian (AN/AI) patients diagnosed with AIH/OS between 1984 and 2021. Point prevalence was calculated based on AIH/OS patients alive at the end of 2021 and at 5‐year intervals from July 1, 2000, to July 1, 2020.

Results

We identified 189 AN/AI persons diagnosed with AIH or OS (157 AIH, 32 OS). Of these 189, 137 were alive at the end of 2021 for a point prevalence of 91.2 per 100 000 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 77.2–107.8)—75.9 (95% CI: 63.2–91.2) for AIH and 15.3 (95% CI: 10.2–23.0) for OS. Prevalence for both AIH and OS has risen steadily since 2000. Eighty‐nine consented participants (62.7%) achieved biochemical remission with a median time from diagnosis to start of remission of 1.9 years (IQR 0.5–5.0 years). Consented patients with fatty liver were less likely to achieve remission, but their time to remission was shorter than for patients without fatty liver.

Conclusion

The AN/AI population in Alaska continues to have the highest reported prevalence of AIH/OS in the world, with prevalence rising steadily since 2000. High reported AIH/OS prevalence is likely due in part to strong referral networks for liver disease. Detection and treatment can lead to biochemical remission and improved health outcomes.
Switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide for maintaining complete virological response in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Ishido Shun , Tamaki Nobuharu , Uchihara Naoki , Suzuki Keito , Tanaka Yuki , Miyamoto Haruka , Yamada Michiko , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Nobusawa Tsubasa , Keitoku Taisei , Takaura Kenta , Tanaka Shohei , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Yasui Yutaka , Takahashi Yuka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Itakura Jun , Kurosaki Masayuki , Izumi Namiki
Published: July 2023

Background and Aim

Hepatocellular carcinoma development can be decreased by achieving and maintaining complete virological response (CVR) in chronic hepatitis B. However, it is unclear whether switching from entecavir (ETV) to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) could achieve and maintain CVR in patients with low‐level viremia (LLV; HBV DNA ≤ 3.3 log IU/mL) or occasional detectable HBV DNA during ETV treatment. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether the switching from ETV to TAF is effective in achieving CVR in patients with LLV or occasional detectable HBV DNA.

Methods

This study comprised 45 patients who switched from ETV to TAF. All patients received ETV and TAF for >2 years, and the HBV DNA levels were measured every 3 months. Maintaining undetectable HBV DNA during 2‐year period is defined as CVR. The primary endpoint is the CVR rate during ETV and TAF treatment.

Results

The CVR rate for each of the 2 years of ETV and TAF therapy was 33.3% (15/45) and 68.9% (31/45, P < 0.01), respectively, and the CVR rate increased by switching from ETV to TAF. In patients with occasional detectable HBV DNA during ETV treatment (22 patients), 15 achieved CVR and 7 maintained occasional detectable HBV DNA. In patients with LLV during ETV treatment (eight patients), three achieved CVR and five had occasional detectable HBV DNA.

Conclusion

Switching from ETV to TAF increases the CVR rate in patients with LLV or occasional detectable HBV DNA and could be an alternative treatment option.
Effect of perfluorotetradecanoic acid on the morphology of a photopolymerizable phospholipid monolayer at the air‐water interface
Authors: Yeboah Alfred , Paige Matthew F.
Published: July 2023

Fundamental physical chemical properties of a monolayer film comprised of the chiral, photopolymerizable phospholipid 1,2‐bis(10,12‐tricosadiynoyl)‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (Diyne PC) and the impact of a model perfluorocarbon, perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PF), on these film properties have been investigated, both with and without UV photopolymerization. Enantiomerically pure Diyne PC formed compact, stable monolayers at the air‐water interface, exhibited typical phospholipid phase transitions in surface pressure‐area isotherms and yielded micron‐scale, linear domains upon film compression. Photopolymerized films were significantly more expanded in comparison with the unpolymerized films and the resulting domains had a spiral morphology with a strongly preferred spiral direction. Mixing Diyne PC with PF altered the isotherm behavior, with the principal effects being a significant reduction in the plateau region associated with the characteristic LE‐LC phase transition and no larger‐scale spiral domain formation in the monolayers of the mixed films. Results are discussed in the context of interactions between the two different film components and the tendency of perfluorinated surfactants to disperse condensed phase regions of phospholipid‐based monolayer films. Overall, the tendency of PF to disperse condensed regions of the film makes patterning of films in mixed phospholipid‐perfluorocarbon monolayers particularly difficult.
Bacteriology of Different Phenotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Li Yu‐Ting , Huang Shuang‐Shuang , Ma Jia‐Hung , Hsieh Bing‐Han , Tsou Yung‐An , Lin Chia‐Der , Tai Chih‐Jaan , Shih Liang‐Chun
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) reduces the health‐related quality of life and subsequently causes a tremendous socio‐economic impact. Although many studies have been conducted, few have identified a relationship between bacteriological characteristics and different phenotypes or endotypes. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the recent trends in bacterial cultures from different types of CRS in the Asian population.

Methods

This retrospective case–control study recruited patients diagnosed with CRS who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan. The patients were classified into those with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP)/chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS)/non‐eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (NECRS), and central compartment atopic disease (CCAD)/lateral‐dominant nasal polyp (LDNP) groups. The demographic data and bacteriological characteristics of the groups were analyzed.

Results

We included 503 patients, identifying no significant difference between CRSwNP and CRSsNP for several common bacteria in CRS. The number of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates in culture was significantly higher in the NECRS group (50.46% vs. 32.56%, p = 0.0003) than that in the eCRS group. The number of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; 8.51% vs. 2.35%, p = 0.0221) positive isolates was significantly higher in the CCAD group than that in the LDNP group.

Conclusions

This was the first study in Asia to analyze the relationship between bacteriological characteristics and CCAD. MRSA is significantly higher in the CCAD group than that in the LDNP group. Recognizing the unique microbiology of CRSwNP, eCRS, and CCAD is crucial when selecting antimicrobial therapy to lessen the socio‐economic impact.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 134:1071–1076, 2024
Bifurcation and global stability of a discrete prey–predator model with saturated prey refuge
Authors: Mondal Chirodeep , Kesh Dipak , Mukherjee Debasis
Published: July 2023

This article aims to describe the qualitative behavior of a discrete‐time prey–predator model including prey refuge. It is assumed that the fraction of prey in refuge is a monotonically increasing but self‐limiting function of prey population. The fixed points of the system and their local stability are investigated. The criteria for Neimark–Sacker bifurcation and period‐doubling bifurcation are presented. The sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability of the interior fixed point are derived. The chaotic behavior of the system is stabilized by applying a hybrid control strategy. We conclude with a numerical simulation that strengthens our theoretical discussion and provides a way to observe the complex behavior of the system.
On designing and developing single‐step second‐order implicit methods with dissipation control and zero‐order overshoots via subsidiary variables
Authors: Li Jinze , Li Hua , Lian Yiwei , Yu Kaiping , Zhao Rui
Published: July 2023

Hilber and Hughes gave several competitive demands on the implicit methods in 1978. However, there are no such integration methods in the traditional algorithm design. Via imposing subsidiary variables, this article proposes two novel implicit methods to splendidly achieve these competitive demands without increasing computational costs. The two novel methods are self‐starting, unconditionally stable, single‐solve, identically second‐order accurate, controllably dissipative, and non‐overshooting. The novel methods achieve the maximal dissipation of auxiliary variables in the high‐frequency limit, although such the design is not a must. The first novel method uses auxiliary velocity and acceleration variables, whereas the second one employs two auxiliary acceleration variables. After embedding desired numerical characteristics, the novel methods employ four eigenvalues of amplification matrices in the high‐frequency limit as user‐specified parameters to flexibly control numerical high‐frequency dissipation. To reduce the number of use‐specified parameters, this article gives some recommended sub‐families of algorithms, such as optimal low‐frequency dissipation schemes. The article further refines the error analysis to analytically calculate amplitude and phase errors for some implicit methods. The error analysis technique can be applied to almost all direct time integration methods. Comparisons of amplitude and phase errors highlight the superiority of the novel methods over the published algorithms. In addition, some classical measures, such as numerical damping ratios and relative period errors, are analyzed and compared. Numerical examples are solved to show the novel methods' superiority.
Resonance Interaction Due to Quantum Coherence
Authors: Hu Jiawei , Yu Hongwei
Published: July 2023

The interaction energy between two atoms is crucially dependent on the quantum state of the two‐atom system. In this paper, it is demonstrated that a steady resonance interaction energy between two atoms exists when the atoms are in a certain type of coherent superposition of single‐excitation states. The interaction is tree‐level classical in the sense of the Feynman diagrams. A quantity called quantum classicality is defined in the present paper, whose nonzero‐ness ensures the existence of this interaction. The dependence of the interatomic interaction on the quantum nature of the state of the two‐atom system may potentially be tested with Rydberg atoms.
A Ferrimagnetic Order of CrSe2 Monolayer Under Strain and Charge Doping
Authors: Yang Xinlong , Li Menglei , Zheng Fawei
Published: July 2023

CrSe2 monolayer is a recently synthesized ferromagnetic material exhibiting remarkable environmental stability. By using first‐principles calculations, a comprehensive study on the magnetic phase diagram of CrSe2 monolayer under conditions of electron/hole doping and different strains is presented. It is demonstrated that applying compressive strain can induce a magnetic phase transition from the ferromagnetic order to a Hexagon ferrimagnetic order. Moreover, the results reveal that electron doping can attenuate the ferromagnetism in the monolayer. This work thus provides insights into the design of CrSe2‐based spintronic devices.
Facile Construction of Nanostructured Cermet Anodes with Strong Metal–Oxide Interaction for Efficient and Durable Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Wang Baisen , Yue Zhongwei , Chen Zhiyi , Zhang Yanxiang , Fang Huihuang , Ai Na , Wang Ruijing , Yang Fan , Guan Chengzhi , Jiang San Ping , Shao Zongping , Luo Yu , Chen Kongfa
Published: July 2023

Nanostructured anodes generate massive reaction sites to oxidize fuels in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs); however, the nonexistence of a practically viable approach for the construction of nanostructures and the retention of these nanostructures under the harsh operating conditions of SOFCs poses a significant challenge. Herein, a simple procedure is reported for the construction of a nanostructured Ni–Gd‐doped CeO2 anode based on the direct assembly of pre‐formed nanocomposite powder with strong metal–oxide interaction. The directly assembled anode forms heterointerfaces with the electrolyte owing to the electrochemical polarization current and exhibits excellent structural robustness against thermal ripening. An electrolyte‐supported cell with the directly assembled anode produces a peak power density of 0.73 W cm−2 at 800 °C, while maintaining stability for 100 h, which is in contrast to the drastic degradation of the cermet anode prepared using the conventional method. These findings provide clarity on the design and construction of durable nanostructured anodes and other electrodes for SOFCs.
Can the digital economy promote fiscal effort?: Empirical evidence from Chinese cities
Authors: Zhang Wei-Liang , Song Li-Ying , Ilyas Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Over the last few years, the governments’ fiscal revenue and expenditure have been significantly affected by the rapid growth of global digital economy. Despite the significant role that digital economy plays in improving the ability of the government to generate fiscal revenue, there is relatively little empirical evidence of this. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the impact of digital economy on the urban fiscal effort of China by analyzing the data recorded from 2011 to 2019. According to the empirical findings, digital economy can significantly improve the level of fiscal effort. Meanwhile, digital economy has a significant nonlinear effect on fiscal effort. As suggested by the results of expansion analysis, the effect of digital economy on fiscal effort shows significant regional heterogeneity and the spatial spillover effect is positive. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended to strengthen the construction of digital infrastructure, optimize the practice of fiscal revenue management under the context of digital economy, and improve the governments’ fiscal situation by paying attention to the coordinated development of digital economy among various regions.
Escherichia coli high-risk clone ST410 harboring blaNDM-13 isolated from hospital wastewater in China
Authors: Ju Xiaoyang , Wu Yuchen , Chen Gongxiang , Zhang Rong
Published: July 2023

A carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli strain C-SRM-3 was isolated from hospital wastewater effluent in Hangzhou city, China in March 2022. Analysis of the whole genome sequence showed that this blaNDM-13-positive strain belonged to an internationally recognized high-risk clone ST410 responsible for the dissemination of carbapenem resistance in E. coli. This isolate displayed a multidrug-resistant phenotype and carried a cassette of antibiotic-resistant genes. blaNDM-13 gene was successfully transferred to the recipient E. coli C600 via conjugation. WGS results revealed that blaNDM-13 gene was located on an IncI1 type plasmid replicon. The phylogenetic reconstruction showed that wastewater-sourced C-SRM-3 strain was located in a single branch, far removed from human-derived and animal-sourced isolates. The detection of blaNDM-13 in hospital wastewater suggests that continuous monitoring of antibiotic-resistant genes in the environment is critical for the prevention of carbapenem-resistant bacteria spreading.
Fed dairy cattle market reporting: Changing marketing methods, regional variation, and hedonic modeling
Authors: Schroeder Ted C. , Tonsor Glynn T. , Coffey Brian K.
Published: July 2023

Fed dairy cattle represent an important and growing component of the U.S. fed cattle market. However, little is known about factors affecting fed dairy cattle transaction prices. This study analyzes confidential transaction-level data collected by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural (USDA) Marketing Service (AMS) under Livestock Mandatory Reporting to determine how data collected for price reporting explains price variation. Hedonic models are developed to illustrate potential use to enhance fed dairy cattle price reporting. However, important price variation remains unexplained suggesting factors not available in AMS data are associated with fed dairy cattle price variation. We suggest AMS collect and utilize additional data to enhance price reporting.
How the Italian Formula 1 Grand Prix 2022 Mass Gathering Event Compares to the Arbon Model: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Paleari Andrea , Spina Stefano , Marrazzo Francesco , Ripoll Alba , Volontè Fabio , Greco Gianluca , Zoli Alberto , Sechi Giuseppe Maria , Saggiante Diego , Chiodini Gianluca , Stucchi Riccardo , Fumagalli Roberto
Published: July 2023

Objective:

To describe the health-care resources implemented during the Italian Formula 1 Grand Prix (F1GP) and to calculate the patient presentation rate (PPR) based on both real data and a prediction model.

Methods:

Observational and descriptive study conducted from September 9 to September 11, 2022, during the Italian F1GP hosted in Monza (Italy). Maurer’s formula was applied to decide the number and type of health resources to be allocated. Patient presentation rate (PPR) was computed based on real data (PPR_real) and based on the Arbon formula (PPR_est).

Results:

Of 336,000 attendees, n = 263 requested medical assistance with most of them receiving treatment at the advanced medical post, and n = 16 needing transport to the hospital. The PPR_real was 51 for Friday, 78 for Saturday, 134 for Sunday, and 263 when considering the whole event as a single event. The PPR_est resulted in 85 for Friday, 93 for Saturday, 97 for Sunday, and 221 for the total population.

Conclusions:

A careful organization of health-care resources could mitigate the impact of the Italian F1GP on local hospital facilities. The Arbon formula is an acceptable model to predict and estimate the number of patients requesting medical assistance, but further investigation needs to be conducted to implement the model and tailor it to broader categories of MGE.
Sustainability performance and sustainability reporting in SMEs: a love affair or a fight?
Authors: Galli Davide , Torelli Riccardo , Caccialanza Andrea
Published: July 2023

This research aims to analyse the links and potential limiting and supporting factors between sustainability actions and sustainability reporting. Comparing companies involved in sustainability actions and those whose reporting practices lack a formal reporting system, this analysis focuses on Italian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the meat and cured meat industry, identifying the perspective (formative) that links sustainability action to communication in these SMEs. The qualitative interpretative approach, based on semistructured interviews, highlights the relevant strengths and weaknesses concerning substantive sustainability actions and the effect of communication on them, providing implications for international and sectoral policies and management choices. Filling a gap in the SME literature concerning their approaches to sustainability reporting and action (and the relationship thereof), this study also introduces, as a widely used practice, ‘greenhushing’, i.e., the deliberate absence of or limited communication on effectively implemented sustainability practices or their salient results.
Session-by-session change in misophonia: a descriptive case study using intensive CBT
Authors: Gregory Jane , Foster Chloe
Published: July 2023

There is preliminary evidence that CBT may be helpful for improving symptoms of misophonia, but the key mechanisms of change are not yet known for this disorder of decreased tolerance to everyday sounds. This detailed case study aimed to describe the delivery of intensive, formulation-driven CBT for an individual with misophonia and report on session-by-session outcomes using a multi-dimensional measurement tool (SFive). The patient was offered 12 hours of treatment over five sessions, using transdiagnostic and misophonia-specific interventions. Reliable and clinically significant change was found from baseline to one-month follow-up. Visual inspection of outcome graphs indicated that change occurred on the ‘outbursts’ and ‘internalising appraisals’ SFive subscales following assessment, and on the ‘emotional threat’ subscale after the first treatment session. The other two subscales started and remained below a clinically significant level. The biggest symptom change appeared to have occurred after the second session, which included interventions engaging with trigger sounds. The results demonstrated the individualised nature of misophonia, supporting the use of individually tailored treatment for misophonia and highlighting the importance of using a multi-dimensional measurement tool.

Key learning aims

(1)

To understand misophonic distress from a CBT perspective.

(2)

To learn a formulation-driven approach to misophonia.

(3)

To apply transdiagnostic interventions to misophonia.

(4)

To learn about misophonia-specific interventions.

(5)

To consider the value of a multi-dimensional measure of misophonia.
Zusammenhang der Patientenzufriedenheit mit der Anwesenheitszeit Pflegender am Patientenbett
Authors: Zozman Martin , Stocker Reto
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Die Patientenzufriedenheit hat in vielen Spitälern eine hohe Bedeutung in der Qualitätssicherung. Der bestehende Pflegefachpersonalmangel und die damit einhergehende Mehrbelastung für die einzelnen Pflegenden reduzieren die zur Verfügung stehende Zeit für die Patientenbetreuung. Fragestellung/Ziel: Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, einen möglichen Zusammenhang der Patientenzufriedenheit mit der verbrachten Zeit durch Pflegende am Patientenbett und den Einfluss weiterer Prädiktoren zu eruieren. Methoden: In dieser Beobachtungsstudie wurde die pflegerische Anwesenheitszeit mittels Doppelkontrollverfahrens, kombiniert aus digitalen Lichtrufprotokollen und berufsfunktionsspezifischen Anwesenheitsnachweisen, erhoben und anschliessend mit Hilfe eines linearen Regressionsmodells unter Einbezug des „Outcomes“ der Patientenzufriedenheit ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Anwesenheitszeit zeigte keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die „Patientenzufriedenheit“ (p = 0.155). Die wichtigsten Variablen mit einem positiven Einfluss auf die „Patientenzufriedenheit“ waren: „keine vorbestehende Spitalerfahrung“ (p = 0.001), „Bedeutsamkeit der Pflege“ (p < 0.001) und „Geschlecht“ (Ausprägung männlich) (p = 0.001). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Anwesenheitszeit Pflegender ist als nicht ausschlaggebend genug zu betrachten, um die Patientenzufriedenheit eindeutig positiv zu beeinflussen. Es empfehlen sich Anpassungen in der pflegerischen Betreuung, welche einen ganzheitlichen Beziehungsaufbau und eine zielgerichtete, die Patientenzufriedenheit begünstigende, pflegerische Betreuung ermöglichen.
Enhanced Mixing and Reaction in Converging Flows: Theory and Pore‐Scale Imaging
Authors: Izumoto Satoshi , Heyman Joris , Huisman Johan Alexander , De Vriendt Kevin , Soulaine Cyprien , Gomez Francesco , Tabuteau Hervé , Méheust Yves , Le Borgne Tanguy
Published: July 2023

Mixing fronts at the interface of opposing flows are compressed at a constant rate. The resulting exponential stretching of fluid elements leads to enhanced chemical gradients and biogeochemical processes. This process is similar as what occurs in the pore space of 3D chaotic flows. However, it is so far not known how such fluid compression controls the amplitude of mixing and reaction rates in porous media. Here we derive analytical predictions for the mixing width, the maximum reaction rate and the reaction intensity in compressed mixing fronts as a function of the Péclet and Damköhler numbers. We developed an experimental setup providing pore scale measurements of mixing and reaction rates in mixing fronts at the interface of converging flows. The theory accurately predicts the scaling of mixing and reaction with the Péclet number both in porous micromodels and simple Hele‐Shaw cells. Additionally, we found that the presence of pore scale heterogeneities in the porous micromodels enhances reaction rates by a factor of 4 compared to the Hele‐Shaw cells. Using numerical simulations of pore scale velocity fields, we attributed this phenomenon to the enhancement of pore‐scale compression due to the presence of grains in accelerating flows. These findings provide new insights into the dynamics of mixing‐induced reactions in porous media.
Identification and fixing bottlenecks of a food manufacturing system using a simulation approach
Authors: Javadi Seyed Mahdi , Sadjadi Seyed Jafar , Makui Ahmad
Published: July 2023

In manufacturing systems, simulation modeling plays an important role in creating some changes instead of working on real systems. Manipulation in a real system is more costly than manipulation in a simulated model. In this research, we tried to use a simulation approach to recognize and minimize bottlenecks of a production line, which will decrease costs and improve productivity. To achieve our objectives, we chose a case and analyzed its production line. By using our case study strategy, we tried to collect our data and adapt a conceptual model of production processes drawing on an operation process chart (OPC). After that, we created a simulation model of the production processes by using the popular Arena simulation software 13.5. By running the Arena model, some bottlenecks were found. Ultimately, we proposed some solutions to obviate bottlenecks and reduce the total costs of production.
An amine decorated MOF for direct capture of CO2 from ambient air
Authors: Gupta Mayank , Daoo Varad , Singh Jayant K.
Published: July 2023

An interpenetrated Zn(ii) MOF with an amine pendant moiety synthesized under solvothermal conditions adsorbs CO2 and converts it to cyclic carbonates under ambient conditions.
Using spectral modeling to break light-curve degeneracies of type II supernovae interacting with circumstellar material
Authors: Dessart Luc , Jacobson-Galán W. V.
Published: July 2023

A large fraction of red-supergiant stars seem to be enshrouded by circumstellar material (CSM) at the time of explosion. Relative to explosions in a vacuum, this CSM causes both a luminosity boost at early times as well as the presence of symmetric emission lines with a narrow core and electron-scattering wings typical of type IIn supernovae (SNe). For this study, we performed radiation-hydrodynamics and radiative transfer calculations for a variety of CSM configurations (i.e., compact, extended, and detached) and documented the resulting ejecta and radiation properties. We find that models with a dense, compact, and massive CSM on the order of 0.5 M⊙ can match the early luminosity boost of type II-P SNe but fail to produce type IIn-like spectral signatures (also known as “flash features”). These only arise if the photon mean free path in the CSM is large enough (i.e., if the density is low enough) to allow for a radiative precursor through a long-lived (i.e., a day to a week), radially extended unshocked optically thick CSM. The greater radiative losses and kinetic-energy extraction in this case boost the luminosity even for modest CSM masses – this boost comes with a delay for a detached CSM. The inadequate assumption of high CSM density, in which the shock travels essentially adiabatically, overestimates the CSM mass and associated mass-loss rate. Our simulations also indicate that type IIn-like spectral signatures last as long as there is optically-thick unshocked CSM. Constraining the CSM structure therefore requires a combination of light curves and spectra, rather than photometry alone. We emphasize that for a given total energy, the radiation excess fostered by the presence of CSM comes at the expense of kinetic energy, as evidenced by the disappearance of the fastest ejecta material and the accumulation of mass in a dense shell. Both effects can be constrained from spectra well after the interaction phase.
Environmental Agenda: Risks of Maintaining the Status Quo
Authors: Agaev Murat , Shardan Saida , Magomaev Tamirlan
Published: July 2023

“Turn to nature” and the inextricable connection between nature and man, ensuring the well-being, security and development of the latter, should become an integral element of Russian identity and national idea, its mission for itself and for the world. The concepts of “nature” and the Motherland should become inseparable. At the same time, the inseparable connection between the protection of nature and human well-being, the development of human capital can become one of the most important tools for the internal consolidation of the country, an idea that unites the elite (regardless of political preferences) and society.