bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis diagnóstico de las dotaciones de bomberos en la comarca de l’Alacantí: propuestas
Authors: Baeza Llaneras Carles
Published: December 2016

La comarca de l’Alacantí queda inserta en una zona en la que los riesgos naturales se manifiestan con asiduidad. En las últimas décadas se ha vivido un gran avance en cuanto a la prevención del riesgo se refiere, debido al aumento de legislación relacionada. Las organizaciones de bomberos representan una parte imprescindible de la gestión de emergencias al ser uno de los actores que intervienen directamente cuando aparece alguna. Por este motivo la situación de las infraestructuras desde donde operan tiene un valor determinante a la hora de pasar a la acción. Estableciendo una estimación del tiempo de respuesta aproximado de cada parque de bomberos en la comarca de l’Alacantí, se puede vislumbrar qué zonas reciben una menor cobertura. Este primer acercamiento permite advertir que dichas zonas requieren de un análisis más en detalle para mejorar su situación.
Hash-chain-based authentication for IoT
Authors: Pinto Antonio , Costa Ricardo
Published: December 2016

The number of everyday interconnected devices continues to increase and constitute the Internet of Things (IoT). Things are small computers equipped with sensors and wireless communications capabilities that are driven by energy constraints, since they use batteries and may be required to operate over long periods of time. The majority of these devices perform data collection. The collected data is stored on-line using web-services that, sometimes, operate without any special considerations regarding security and privacy. The current work proposes a modified hash-chain authentication mechanism that, with the help of a smartphone, can authenticate each interaction of the devices with a REST web-service using One Time Passwords (OTP) while using open wireless networks. Moreover, the proposed authentication mechanism adheres to the stateless, HTTP-like behavior expected of REST web-services, even allowing the caching of server authentication replies within a predefined time window. No other known web-service authentication mechanism operates in such manner.
Tricuspid Valve Replacement in an HIV-Infected Patient with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation Secondary to Remote Endocarditis
Authors: Myerson Merle , Armstrong Ehrin J. , Poltavskiy Eduard , Fefer Jose , Bang Heejung
Published: December 2016

Surgical intervention for severe tricuspid regurgitation secondary to remote infective endocarditis has been infrequent, especially in patients also infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We describe the case of a 62-year-old HIV-positive man, with a 24-year history of endocarditis caused by intravenous heroin use, who presented with severe tricuspid regurgitation. The patient was initially asymptomatic, was taking antiretroviral medications, and had a satisfactory CD4 count and an undetectable viral load, so we decided to manage the regurgitation conservatively. Two years later, he presented with biventricular heart failure and dyspnea. After surgical tricuspid valve replacement, his condition improved substantially. This case illustrates that HIV-infected patients with complex medical conditions can successfully undergo cardiac surgery.
Total Arch versus Hemiarch Replacement for Type A Acute Aortic Dissection: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Lio Antonio , Nicolò Francesca , Bovio Emanuele , Serrao Andrea , Zeitani Jacob , Scafuri Antonio , Chiariello Luigi , Ruvolo Giovanni
Published: December 2016

We retrospectively evaluated early and intermediate outcomes of aortic arch surgery in patients with type A acute aortic dissection (AAD), investigating the effect of arch surgery extension on postoperative results.

From January 2006 through July 2013, 201 patients with type A AAD underwent urgent corrective surgery at our institution. Of the 92 patients chosen for this study, 59 underwent hemiarch replacement (hemiarch group), and 33 underwent total arch replacement (total arch group) in conjunction with ascending aorta replacement.

The operative mortality rate was 22%. Total arch replacement was associated with a 33% risk of operative death, versus 15% for hemiarch (P=0.044). Multivariable analysis found these independent predictors of operative death: age (odds ratio [OR]=1.13/yr; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.23; P=0.002), body mass index >30 kg/m2 (OR=9.9; 95% CI, 1.28–19; P=0.028), postoperative low cardiac output (OR=10.6; 95% CI, 1.18–25; P=0.035), and total arch replacement (OR=8.8; 95% CI, 1.39–15; P=0.021) The mean overall 5-year survival rate was 59.3% ± 5.5%, and mean 5-year freedom from distal reintervention was 95.4% ± 3.2% (P=NS).

In type A AAD, aortic arch surgery is still associated with high operative mortality rates; hemiarch replacement can be performed more safely than total arch replacement. Rates of distal aortic reoperation were not different between the 2 surgical strategies.
Percutaneous Embolectomy of Serpentine Thrombus from the Right Atrium in a 51-Year-Old Man
Authors: Patnaik Soumya , Rammohan Harish Seetha , Shah Mahek , Garg Shivani , Figueredo Vincent , Janzer Sean , Shah Salil
Published: December 2016

Treatment of large, fresh thrombi in the vascular system can be challenging. AngioVac, a cardiopulmonary pump system, has been used to remove large thrombi and even some tumors by a percutaneous route. We report here a case of a 51-year-old man who presented with a large thrombus (7.5 × 1.5 cm) in his inferior vena cava, extending into his right atrium and right ventricle. Because the surgical risk was high, we attempted percutaneous embolectomy via the AngioVac aspiration system. We also review the literature concerning this emerging technique.
Inflammation and Rupture of a Congenital Pericardial Cyst Manifesting Itself as an Acute Chest Pain Syndrome
Authors: Aertker Robert A. , Cheong Benjamin Y.C. , Lufschanowski Roberto
Published: December 2016

We present the case of a 63-year-old woman with a remote history of supraventricular tachycardia and hyperlipidemia, who presented with recurrent episodes of acute-onset chest pain. An electrocardiogram showed no evidence of acute coronary syndrome. A chest radiograph revealed a prominent right-sided heart border. A suspected congenital pericardial cyst was identified on a computed tomographic chest scan, and stranding was noted around the cyst. The patient was treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and the pain initially abated. Another flare-up was treated similarly. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was then performed after symptoms had resolved, and no evidence of the cyst was seen. The suspected cause of the patient's chest pain was acute inflammation of a congenital pericardial cyst with subsequent rupture and resolution of symptoms.
Anesthetic Management in Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Deng Yi , Naeini Payam S. , Razavi Mehdi , Collard Charles D. , Tolpin Daniel A. , Anton James M.
Published: December 2016

Radiofrequency catheter ablation is increasingly being used to treat patients who have ventricular tachycardia, and anesthesiologists frequently manage their perioperative care. This narrative review is intended to familiarize anesthesiologists with preprocedural, intraprocedural, and postprocedural implications of this ablation.

Ventricular tachycardia typically arises from structural heart disease, most often from scar tissue after myocardial infarction. Many patients thus affected will benefit from radiofrequency catheter ablation in the electrophysiology laboratory to ablate the foci of arrhythmogenesis. The pathophysiology of ventricular tachycardia is complex, as are the technical aspects of mapping and ablating these arrhythmias. Patients often have substantial comorbidities and tenuous hemodynamic status, necessitating pharmacologic and mechanical cardiopulmonary support. General anesthesia and monitored anesthesia care, when used for sedation during ablation, can lead to drug interactions and side effects in the presence of ventricular tachycardia, so anesthesiologists should also be aware of potential perioperative complications. We discuss variables that can help anesthesiologists safely guide patients through the challenges of radiofrequency catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia.
Isolated Left Subclavian Artery, Complete Atrioventricular Block, and Tricuspid Atresia in a Neonate
Authors: Chaturvedi Kanupriya , Prasad Deepa , Ashwath Ravi , Strainic James P. , Snyder Christopher S.
Published: December 2016

Isolated left subclavian artery is one of the rarer aortic arch anomalies. It has been associated with other congenital heart diseases, typically tetralogy of Fallot, double-outlet right ventricle, and atrial and ventricular septal defects. Its significant clinical implications include a left-to-right shunt from the vertebrobasilar system, which causes pulmonary overcirculation and subclavian steal. We present an unusual case of a premature infant who was diagnosed prenatally with congenital complete atrioventricular block and tricuspid atresia and was found to have an isolated left subclavian artery postnatally. The patient underwent implantation of a permanent single-chamber epicardial pacing system. To our knowledge, this combination of lesions has not been reported—and in our case, it influenced our surgical planning.
Von der Defizitanalyse zur Potenzial förderung
Authors: Gellrich Angelika , Schack Korinna , Wehrspaun Michael
Published: December 2016

Bundesumweltministerium und Umweltbundesamt geben seit 1996 im Zweijahresrhythmus repräsentative Bevölkerungsumfragen zum Umweltbewusstsein in Deutschland in Auftrag. Seitdem wird kontinuierlich an einer Betrachtung gearbeitet, die statt der Defizite die vorhandenen Potenziale stärker in den Blick nimmt.
The Role of Dopamine in Anticipatory Pursuit Eye Movements: Insights from Genetic Polymorphisms in Healthy Adults
Authors: Billino Jutta , Hennig Jürgen , Gegenfurtner Karl R.
Published: December 2016

There is a long history of eye movement research in patients with psychiatric diseases for which dysfunctions of neurotransmission are considered to be the major pathologic mechanism. However, neuromodulation of oculomotor control is still hardly understood. We aimed to investigate in particular the impact of dopamine on smooth pursuit eye movements. Systematic variability in dopaminergic transmission due to genetic polymorphisms in healthy subjects offers a noninvasive opportunity to determine functional associations. We measured smooth pursuit in 110 healthy subjects genotyped for two well-documented polymorphisms, the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and the SLC6A3 3′-UTR-VNTR polymorphism. Pursuit paradigms were chosen to particularly assess the ability of the pursuit system to initiate tracking when target motion onset is blanked, reflecting the impact of extraretinal signals. In contrast, when following a fully visible target sensory, retinal signals are available. Our results highlight the crucial functional role of dopamine for anticipatory, but not for sensory-driven, pursuit processes. We found the COMT Val158Met polymorphism specifically associated with anticipatory pursuit parameters, emphasizing the dominant impact of prefrontal dopamine activity on complex oculomotor control. In contrast, modulation of striatal dopamine activity by the SLC6A3 3′-UTR-VNTR polymorphism had no significant functional effect. Though often neglected so far, individual differences in healthy subjects provide a promising approach to uncovering functional mechanisms and can be used as a bridge to understanding deficits in patients.
Noisy Spiking in Visual Area V2 of Amblyopic Monkeys
Authors: Wang Ye , Zhang Bin , Tao Xiaofeng , Wensveen Janice M. , Smith Earl L. , Chino Yuzo M.
Published: December 2016

Interocular decorrelation of input signals in developing visual cortex can cause impaired binocular vision and amblyopia. Although increased intrinsic noise is thought to be responsible for a range of perceptual deficits in amblyopic humans, the neural basis for the elevated perceptual noise in amblyopic primates is not known. Here, we tested the idea that perceptual noise is linked to the neuronal spiking noise (variability) resulting from developmental alterations in cortical circuitry. To assess spiking noise, we analyzed the contrast-dependent dynamics of spike counts and spiking irregularity by calculating the square of the coefficient of variation in interspike intervals (CV2) and the trial-to-trial fluctuations in spiking, or mean matched Fano factor (m-FF) in visual area V2 of monkeys reared with chronic monocular defocus. In amblyopic neurons, the contrast versus response functions and the spike count dynamics exhibited significant deviations from comparable data for normal monkeys. The CV2was pronounced in amblyopic neurons for high-contrast stimuli and the m-FF was abnormally high in amblyopic neurons for low-contrast gratings. The spike count, CV2, and m-FF of spontaneous activity were also elevated in amblyopic neurons. These contrast-dependent spiking irregularities were correlated with the level of binocular suppression in these V2 neurons and with the severity of perceptual loss for individual monkeys. Our results suggest that the developmental alterations in normalization mechanisms resulting from early binocular suppression can explain much of these contrast-dependent spiking abnormalities in V2 neurons and the perceptual performance of our amblyopic monkeys.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAmblyopia is a common developmental vision disorder in humans. Despite the extensive animal studies on how amblyopia emerges, we know surprisingly little about the neural basis of amblyopia in humans and nonhuman primates. Although the vision of amblyopic humans is often described as being noisy by perceptual and modeling studies, the exact nature or origin of this elevated perceptual noise is not known. We show that elevated and noisy spontaneous activity and contrast-dependent noisy spiking (spiking irregularity and trial-to-trial fluctuations in spiking) in neurons of visual area V2 could limit the visual performance of amblyopic primates. Moreover, we discovered that the noisy spiking is linked to a high level of binocular suppression in visual cortex during development.
The Origins and Evolution of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Trade Negotiations
Authors: Elms Deborah
Published: December 2016

The text of the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement and more than 5,000 pages of individual country schedules were released in October 2015 after five years of negotiations. Its transformation from a small agreement to one of the deepest and broadest trade deals ever, with 12 members, highlights the challenges of negotiating modern comprehensive trade agreements.
Disentangling genetic and epigenetic determinants of ultrafast adaptation
Authors: Gjuvsland Arne B , Zörgö Enikö , Samy Jeevan KA , Stenberg Simon , Demirsoy Ibrahim H , Roque Francisco , Maciaszczyk‐Dziubinska Ewa , Migocka Magdalena , Alonso‐Perez Elisa , Zackrisson Martin , Wysocki Robert , Tamás Markus J , Jonassen Inge , Omholt Stig W , Warringer Jonas
Published: December 2016

A major rationale for the advocacy of epigenetically mediated adaptive responses is that they facilitate faster adaptation to environmental challenges. This motivated us to develop a theoretical–experimental framework for disclosing the presence of such adaptation‐speeding mechanisms in an experimental evolution setting circumventing the need for pursuing costly mutation–accumulation experiments. To this end, we exposed clonal populations of budding yeast to a whole range of stressors. By growth phenotyping, we found that almost complete adaptation to arsenic emerged after a few mitotic cell divisions without involving any phenotypic plasticity. Causative mutations were identified by deep sequencing of the arsenic‐adapted populations and reconstructed for validation. Mutation effects on growth phenotypes, and the associated mutational target sizes were quantified and embedded in data‐driven individual‐based evolutionary population models. We found that the experimentally observed homogeneity of adaptation speed and heterogeneity of molecular solutions could only be accounted for if the mutation rate had been near estimates of the basal mutation rate. The ultrafast adaptation could be fully explained by extensive positive pleiotropy such that all beneficial mutations dramatically enhanced multiple fitness components in concert. As our approach can be exploited across a range of model organisms exposed to a variety of environmental challenges, it may be used for determining the importance of epigenetic adaptation‐speeding mechanisms in general.
Resonance mode detuning in rotor systems employing active and passive magnetic bearings with controlled stiffness
Authors: Martynenko G.
Published: December 2016

In the paper, the investigator offered a method of reducing the amplitude of vibrations of turbo machinery rotors with passive and active magnetic bearings in resonances and resonance zones corresponding to one of the critical speeds ranging from zero to operating rotational ones. The method was based on the ability to vary the nonlinear force characteristic and the damping properties of active magnetic bearings and passive magnetic bearings of a novel design by changing the electric parameters of electromagnet circuits. The offered design of a passive magnetic bearing with permanent ring magnets and a control winding enabled a short-time change of rotor bearing stiffness. Such rotor bearings can realise the method of detuning from critical speeds during rotor speed-up and run-down. Earlier, this method was feasible only when active magnetic bearings were used. However, a complete magnetic suspension of a rotor with the employment of two radial passive bearings and one axial active magnetic bearing was advantageous as compared to three active magnetic bearings. The feasibility of the detuning method had been substantiated by study results. The study presented the results of numerical analysis, which simulated the process of transition through resonances of the initial system with a significant reduction of vibration amplitudes. The nonlinear system of differential magnetic-mechanical equations was solved using the 5th-order Runge-Kutta method with a validation for the duality of solutions. The results were shown as 3-dimensional spectra of displacement of bearing points and amplitude-frequency responses. These results had been confirmed by experimental data obtained for a laboratory setup that implemented a combined passive-active magnetic suspension of a rotor. The overall total relative error of measurements was maintained at less than 0.5%. The discrepancy between the experimental and design data for amplitudes was within 2-3%, and for resonance frequencies, it was less than 0.2%. Hence, these studies substantiated the feasibility of passive magnetic bearings with controlled stiffness. They also confirmed the possibility of using passive-active magnetic suspensions for lightweight rotors (e.g., expanders and compressors) with the implementation of the suggested method of detuning from resonance modes.
Los Mapas Conceptuales como Estrategia de Aprendizaje en la Enseñanza Universitaria
Authors: Pérez-Albéniz Iturriaga Alicia , Lucas-Molina Beatriz , Solbes Canales Irene , Calderón López Sonsoles , Martín Seoane Gemma
Published: December 2016

El aprendizaje eficaz depende de un amplio conjunto de factores de tipo personal y contextual. Las estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas con más frecuencia son las de organización, ya que proporcionan estructura al material de estudio. Dentro de estas estrategias, se encuentran los mapas conceptuales (Novak y Gowin, 1988). El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar y evaluar un programa para enseñar a elaborar y valorar mapas conceptuales. El programa se llevó a cabo con un total de 216 alumnos de cuatro grupos de la asignatura Psicología de la Educación que recibieron instrucción específica en este ámbito. Los resultados señalaron que el programa diseñado para la enseñanza de la técnica era adecuado y que las puntuaciones obtenidas por el alumnado mejoraban de manera significativa con respecto a la situación inicial. Estos resultados confirman la importancia de desarrollar en el aula actividades dirigidas a favorecer las habilidades metacognitivas del alumnado. Enseñar a nuestros estudiantes mediante un entrenamiento técnico qué tipo de procesos deben ser activados y la manera en que esto debe hacerse favorecerá que nuestros alumnos sean aprendices activos, eficaces y protagonistas de su propio aprendizaje.
Luis F. Iglesias (1915-2010), pedagogo latinoamericano, Galicia e Nova Escola Galega, con Jesualdo ao fondo
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: December 2016

Ao longo do século XIX e ata 1936 en Iberoamérica exerceron como docentes varias decenas de profesores galegos. No presente caso, sen embargo, queremos referirnos a un fillo de pai e de nai galega, pero el xa nacido na Argentina, o profesor Luís F. Iglesias, destacado  e recoñecido pedagogo, mestre de escola rural inicialmente, impulsor da Escola Nova, didacta, creador de material didáctico, formador de profesores en diversos lugares da xeografía americana, relacionado con outros destacados educadores latinoamericanos, e con Galicia sempre no corazón, como aquí se pon de manifesto.
Use of Stem cells in Burn Wound Healing
Authors: Lim Michael T.
Published: December 2016

Stem cell research can open gateways to further development in science changing the way of healing process. It can prove to be a game changing factors both practitioners of medicine and patients. Patients suffering from burn wounds no longer have to face aesthetic issues when wounds are healed and the healing process will become more rapid and effective. More focus needs to be done on analyzing the way a body of experiments and their conclusions will affect humans since most of the trials have used animals as subjects. Controversial opinions regarding the use of stem cell research is presenting itself as a major hindrance in its application. To counter this, more awareness needs to be created amongst the general public regarding the ways in which stem cell research can be done. Adult cells can also be used to generate stem cells; hence the argument that embryos will be harmed in generating stem cells is futile. It is also important to note that some of the experiments have failed to provide consistent results, which need to be reviewed in order to see their feasibility in being applied to humans and provides an opportunity for stem cell researchers to take it up as a challenge.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF POSSIBILITIES OF USING LOW-ESTERIFIED AND AMIDATED PECTIN IN FERMENTED DAIRY PRODUCTS
Authors: Vlaseva Radka , Ivanova Mihaela , Hadjikinova Mima , Hadjikinov Dimitar , Dobreva Valentina , Petkova Nadezhda , Denev Panteley , Dimitrov Dimitar
Published: December 2016

The possibilities of using low-esterified amidated pectin isolated from Bulgarian plant cultures have been studied. The comparison between pectin extracted from celery and commercial low-esterified amidated pectin showed that celery pectin can be used successfully for preparation of functional fermented dairy products enriched with soluble dietary fibers. It was found that the addition of amidated pectin extracted from celery in an amount exceeding 1 g.kg-1 deteriorates the organoleptic characteristics of the product, but viscosity of the produced experimental dairy product remained unchanged in comparison with that of the control sample. Therefore, it is recommended that the concentration of low-esterified amidated pectin used in preparation of dairy products do not exceed the limits established in this study.
RAPID AND SIMPLE DETERMINATION OF MINIMUM BIOFILM ERADICATION CONCENTRATION BY A COLORIMETRIC MICROBIAL VIABILITY ASSAY BASED ON REDUCTION OF A WATER-TETRAZOLIUM SALT AND COMBINATED EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST MICROBIAL BIOFILM
Authors: Tsukatani Tadayuki , Kawaguchi Tomoaki , Suenaga Hikaru , Shiga Masanobu , Ikegami Takashi
Published: December 2016

Rapid and simple method for the determination of minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) using a colorimetric microbial viability assay based on reduction of a tetrazolium salt WST-8 and the biofilm formation method on 96-pegs on the lid of a microtiter plate was developed. The biofilms formed on the 96 pegs were challenged by antibiotics, and the MBEC was then determined from the microbial viability of the biofilms formed on the 96 pegs, assessed by the WST-8 colorimetric assay. The MBECs obtained by the proposed and conventional methods favorably agreed. The most effective inhibitors of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms were vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. In addition, we clarified that Staphylococcus aureus biofilm was maximally suppressed by a combination of vancomycin, daptomycin, and teicoplanin. The proposed method yields similar performance to conventional methods, but is faster and more easily implemented. Therefore, the proposed method alleviates the tediousness and time-consuming nature of conventional biofilm susceptibility assay.
EVALUATION THE RISK OF TOXIC COMPOUNDS FORMATION IN GRAPE AND FRUIT BRANDIES
Authors: Dimitrov Dimitar , Yoncheva Tatyana , Haygarov Vanyo
Published: December 2016

Study to determine the quantities of accumulating harmful to consumer health compounds in grape and plum brandies was conducted. Gas chromatographic assay of the volatile components in grape brandies founded that the amounts of methanol (compound with the highest index of danger for health) ranging from 12.44±0.03 – 54.40±0.10 mg/100ml a.a., which values are several times lower than the limits legalized in the EU Regulation - to 1000 mg/100ml a.a. The results for the second component which also represents a health hazard to the consumer (acetaldehyde) varied from 2.08±0.10 to 4.17±0.04 mg/100ml a.a. This concentration is low and comparable with the data obtained by other researchers which established it as harmless to the consumer health. Studies on the plum brandies founded higher values of methanol – 416.00±0.12 – 458.02±0.10 mg/100ml a.a., which is understandable in view of the higher pectin levels in the plum fruit, which are precursor for the formation of methanol. The obtained results for plum brandies were within the maximum permissible levels described in Regulation №110/2008 of the European Union. The analyzes on grape and plum brandies indicated that they were safe for consumption.
DETECTION OF MATERNAL COLONIZATION OF GROUP B STREPTOCOCCUS BY PCR TARGETING Cfb AND ScpB GENES
Authors: Fouad Marwa , Zakaria Sahar , Metwally Lobna , Aboul-Atta Hasan , Kamel Mahmoud
Published: December 2016

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Molecular based tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), can detect GBS within hours and can be used intrapartum allowing for selective intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) in women carrying GBS. The aim of this work was to evaluate PCR as a rapid screening method for detection of maternal colonization of GBS compared to culture. Vaginal/rectal swabs were collected from 120 pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation and cultured on CNA medium. GBS was identified by gram staining and catalase, hippurate and CAMP tests and confirmed by latex agglutination for GBS antigens. PCR was done using two assays; one targeting the cfb gene and the other targeting the scpB gene. Results revealed thatGBS colonization was detected in 15%, 23.3% and 21.7% of pregnant women by culture, cfb PCR assay and scpB PCR assay respectively. cfb PCR assay showed 100% sensitivity and 90.2% specificity whereas scpB PCR assay showed 94.4% sensitivity and 91.2% specificity. PCR could detect GBS genome at a concentration of as low as 10-2 for cfb PCR and 10-3 for scpB PCR. In conclusion, PCR is a rapid, specific and sensitive tool for detection of maternal colonization of GBS. PCR assay targeting scpB gene is more sensitive than that targeting cfb gene.
BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FERMENTED BAMBOO SHOOT FOOD PRODUCT
Authors: Qureshi Asifa , Itankar Yogeshwari B. , Saikia D. , Mandal M. , Purohit Hemant J.
Published: December 2016

Pure bacterial cultures were isolated from fermented products collected from two locations of North East India (Assam and Arunachal Pradesh). Forty four variants were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The dominant microbial genera found were Bacillus, Paenibacillus followed by Oceanobacillus and Lactobacillus in Assam and Bacillus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus in Arunachal-Pradesh food products. Bacillus isolates showed extracellular enzyme production (amylases, proteases and lipases) as analyzed through plate assay. GC-MS analysis showed beneficial chemical components like organic acids, esters, aminoacids, vitamins in fermented bamboo shoot products. Probiotic attributes of culturable bacterial isolates from bamboo fermentations gives promiscuity for human consumption. Beneficial microorganisms from bamboo shoot fermented food products of North-Eastern region of India were explored and compared using bioinformatics tools.
QUALITY EVALUATION OF ZOBO (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA) JUICE PRESERVED WITH MORINGA (MORINGA OLEIFERA) OR GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) EXTRACTS AT DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
Authors: Abolanle Ajayi Olasunmbo , Grace Lessor Arome , Oluwafunmilayo Akinwunmi Oluwabunmi
Published: December 2016

This study aimed to improve the storability of zobo juice naturally. Zobo juice infused with extracts of Moringa seeds or ginger at (0.5 and 1%), control (0% preservative) and, food vendor prepared (FVPZ) zobo were evaluated for 8 weeks. Samples were stored at ambient or refrigeration temperatures and physico-chemical, microbial load and sensory qualities of the juice were analyzed using standard methods. There were drops in pH values after pasteurization from (2.44- 2.75) to (2.31 - 2.58). Vitamin C increased with storage in preserved juice but reduced in control and FVPZ. There were significant (p
CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES AS A POTENTIAL BIOREGULATOR
Authors: Michalcová KatarÃ­na , Halenár Marek , Kolesárová Adriana
Published: December 2016

Natural substances which are considered to be a food that provides medical and health benefits are called bioregulator. Bioregulators can be used in medicine for preventing and treating migraine, hypertension, chronic inflammation, and other reaction source diseases. Amygdalin is considered for one of the most important bioregulator. It is a controversial nature cyanogenic glycoside abundant in the seeds of Rosaceae family. The family includes herbs, shrubs, and trees and most species are deciduous, but some are evergreen. In the past few years, has been a renewed interest about distribution of Rosaceae fruits because amygdalin has been used for many years in traditional and alternative medicine. Therefore, it is included in regulatory pathways and processes. Recent data indicate potential regulatory activity of amygdalin in signaling pathways of highly metastatic cells, suggesting that amygdalin might not only be an innovative tool to neutralize metastatic dissemination but also to complement mTOR-inhibitor based regimens.
THE STUDY OF SEASONAL STEROID HORMONES IN MALE SIBERIAN STURGEON (Acipenser baerii) FOR DETERMINING GONADAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES
Authors: Abbasi Najmeh , Noori Ahmad , Tolouie Guilani Mohammad.H. , Kalvani-Neitali Bita
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study is to investigate of steroid hormones of male Siberian sturgeon in different seasons. For this, blood sampling was taken seasonally from 11 male Siberian sturgeons (7 years old) and then steroid hormones including testosterone and 11-keto testosterone were analyzed by using ELISA. The results showed that testosterone had no significant differences during all the seasons (p>0.05) and the maximum level was in autumn. But 11ketotestesterone had significant differences between winter with other seasons (p
EXTRACELLULAR PECTINASE ACTIVITY FROM Bacillus Cereus GC Subgroup A: ISOLATION, PRODUCTION, OPTIMIZATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERISATION
Authors: Gophanea Shweta R . , C.N. Khobragadea , Jayebhayea Shilpa G.
Published: December 2016

A pectin degrading bacterium was isolated from a soil and identified as Bacillus cereus GC subgroup A based on its morphological, physiochemical and FAME-GC analysis. The Solid state fermentation at 37 °C for 72h, strain produced pectinase in different substrates; among the substrates orange peel powder and wheat bran powder were good for strain but mixture of orange peel powder and wheat bran powder enhanced enzyme production upto 804 IU/ml. The maximum pectinase production was studied at 370 C and pH 7 after 96h of incubation by Bacillus cereus. Regarding carbon sources, galactose (0.02%) was the best source for strain; while malt extract (0.1%) was found as the best nitrogen source for Bacillus cereus. The enzyme was partially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and dialysis was carried out to remove the excess salt. A Lineweaver-Burk analysis showed a Km value of 8.3 mg/ml and Vmax of 1428.5 IU/ml. The partially purified enzyme exhibited maximal activity at a temperature of 40°C and pH 6.0. The enzyme showed stability towards salts at different concentrations 1mM, 10mM, 50mM and 100mM. In addition to that CaCl2 has increased activity of enzyme at higher concentration too. The amino acid composition of pectinase was also determined by BIOEDIT software. The molecular weight of pectinase was 38304.27 Da (348 amino acids) and was rich in glycine and valine.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING FRUIT HARVESTING MATURITY
Authors: Bajcar Marcin , Saletnik Bogdan , Zardzewiały MiÅosz , Drygaś Barbara , Czernicka Maria , Puchalski CzesÅaw , Zaguła Grzegorz
Published: December 2016

Accurate identification of fruit harvest timing is quite a complicated issue. We know several methods of determining harvest maturity in climacteric fruits; these include measurement of: firmness, total solids contents, respiration rate, ethylene emission measurement as well starch tests. On the other hand non-climacteric fruits (no collective maturity phase) are identified as suitable for harvesting by evaluating their colour. The first three aforementioned basic methods can be combined into a single tool, the so-called Streiff index. All the characteristics identified herein, i.e.: starch assay, total solids (including sugars, tannins, vitamins, organic acids, etc.), as well as firmness, corresponding to protopectin-pectin conversion, produce caloric response. Hence, the correlation between fruit maturity and the caloric response of the material provides the basis for an innovative test enabling assessment of harvest maturity in fruit. Caloric response is largely impacted by the changing structure of fruit dry mass. The calorific content of fruit during maturation process decreases due to the conversion of the water-insoluble starch, with a calorific value of 4200 cal/g, into soluble monosaccharides 3750 cal / g. The study presents a novel calorimetric method of assessing harvest maturity in fruit and the presentation is based on fruit of selected varieties of apples, tomatoes and strawberries. The calorimetric maturity thresholds have been determined for these fruits at the following levels: apples – 3930 cal/g s.m., strawberries – 3880 cal/g s.m. and tomatoes - 3910 cal/g.
GROWTH AND BIOGENIC AMINE POTENTIAL OF Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, isolated FROM TURMERIC (Curcuma longa Linn.), WITH PROBIOTIC CHARACTERISTICS IN SKIM MILK
Authors: Priyadarshani Wadumesthri Deepika , Pianpumepong Plengpin
Published: December 2016

The growth and biogenic amines, (BA), (histamine and tyramine) potential of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis with potential probiotic characteristics isolated from turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) was studied in skim milk. Probiotic characteristics were determined in terms of acid and bile tolerance, hydrophobicity and antimicrobial activity. Fermentation of skim milk was followed for 48 hrs at 37 oC determining pH, cell counts and histamine and tyramine with qualitative screening for proteolytic activity. Isolate showed good acid and bile salt tolerance (˃90 %) with acceptable adhesion and antimicrobial activity. The maximum viable cell count (8.35 log cfu mL-1) was observed after 48 hrs of incubation in skim milk with corresponding low pH of 4.06. Histamine or tyramine was not detected throughout 48 h of incubation as determined by HPLC. These properties suggest Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolated from fresh turmeric is a safe potential probiotic in terms of BA production in milk.
La reflexión visual en Roberto Bolaño. Narración, dictadura y vanguardias en Estrella distante
Authors: Walker Carlos
Published: December 2016

Este artículo construye sus argumentos a partir de una lectura de la novela Estrella distante del escritor chileno Roberto Bolaño. Se trata de desarrollos que se detienen en los componentes visuales del relato, en las divergencias temporales con que se estructura la narración y en los vínculos que estos tienden con la historia política evocada en la ficción (el personaje principal tiene como proyecto demostrarle al mundo la afinidad entre el arte de vanguardia y la dictadura de Pinochet recién instalada en el país). Las variadas presencias de lo fotográfico son comprendidas como el núcleo de una reflexión visual que recorre la literatura de Roberto Bolaño. Este artículo toma en consideración una polémica que enfrentó a dos intelectuales chilenos en torno a la relación entre las prácticas artísticas de vanguardia que tuvieron lugar en Chile en tiempos de la dictadura y el Golpe de Estado de 1973. Esto es leído en relación con el diálogo soterrado que la novela de Bolaño establece con dichas prácticas de vanguardia.
Gift-giving and hospitality in Eritrean Tigrinya society
Authors: Tesfay Sába
Published: December 2016

In the present study, with the help of Eritrean examples, the author discusses how objects and visits become a means of expression for relationships and social connections. In Tigrinya society, kinship and friendly relationships have great significance, their preservation is secured by frequent visits, meetings and phone calls. They are completed by gifts, the sharing of food, contributions and loans, which move between the individuals within society, in the form of objects and money. Every transaction and exchange signifies the quality of a relationship and an event.

Starting with a summary of theories that has influenced her ideas of gift-giving, the author continues with a discussion of the types of gifts she has seen in her Eritrean field, and presents the argument that the movement of objects in society signifies the intensity and quality of social bonds and the relationship between the specific individuals involved. She also attempts to map patterns of commonality. This is followed by a discussion, in which — through interpreting objects, individuals, and occasions as signifiers —, she endeavours to outline some general characteristics of Tigrinya society.
Storytelling and Spiritual Care
Authors: Gilbert Judith
Published: December 2016

This article reports on the use of Berryman’s Godly Play (2002, 2006) with adult patients in a mental health inpatient hospital and also staff groups. Godly Play is being used as a tool in spiritual care, to enable adults to freely express their spirituality. The emphasis is about encouraging individuals to engage with a story by the use of imagination and freedom of thought. The report includes reflection, not only on using stories from the biblical narratives on which Godly Play is based but also on those from unknown sources. These stories are selected to address themes of personal concern raised by patients. The report indicates where the interest for this tool first began and how it relates to the daily work and “being” of a chaplain. It refers to the relatively small amount of evaluation or research conducted with adults so far and where the work may be developed in the future.
Knowing God in Dementia
Authors: Williams Patricia
Published: December 2016

Advanced dementia raises profound questions for what it means to be a person of faith. This article reflects on challenges which it brings, particularly to evangelical Christian faith, including the nature of personhood, cognitive assent to propositional truth and responsive relationship with God. The author concludes that relationality in the body of Christ is a significant key to understanding. Drawing on the writing of theologians, practitioners and Christian scriptures, the article argues that it is consistent with biblical theology, and affirmed by the experience described by those with dementia, that ‘knowing God’ is a relationship available for all, including those with memory loss. Whilst reflecting on the issue of dementia from the perspective of a particular faith tradition, it raises concerns which are relevant to a wide range of mental health disorders and other faith traditions.
Making Spiritual Sense of Disability
Authors: Snowdon Josephine
Published: December 2016

An earlier version of this article was presented at the Spiritual Care Australia National Conference held in Melbourne in 2016. The article explores the spiritual and relational significance of “felt sense” for children with special needs or “diffabilities” (Dubbeld 2015) in the context of Christian worship. “Diffabilities” is short for different abilities. There are three key areas used in this reflective article: (i) work by the Australian researcher, Hyde (2008) on the “felt sense” with regard to Christian understanding of spirituality and children; (ii) a neurophysiological perspective, the science of sensory integration in relationship to sensory processing difficulties (Kranowitz 1998) in children with “diffabilities”; (iii) and spirituality or the “multifaceted living of faith” (Schnieders 2003) in Christian worship for children with “diffabilties” whose experience and processing of sensory stimuli is significantly different to that of other children.
Longitudinalne badania modeli biznesu przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Jabłoński Adam
Published: December 2016

The business model has become an ontological being heavily explored in theory and frequently used in the practice of management. Multifaceted understanding is a challenge for today’s researchers. It is therefore important to determine how to explore the business model and which methods should be used. I believe longitudinal studies are a key method. The article describes and interprets these studies as an optimal research method for studying company business models.
Import Penetration and Domestic Innovation: A View into Dynamic Gains from Trade
Authors: Tito Maria
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we revisit the link between innovation activity, measured by the number of patent applications, and import flows.
Liberale Kannibalisierung
Authors: Müller Philipp
Published: December 2016

Eine bekannte Interpretation von Ludwig Wittgensteins "Philosophischen Untersuchungen" hat Kommentatoren vor die Frage gestellt, ob noch Wittgenstein oder allein sein Interpret zu Wort kommt. Aufgrund der scheinbar unlösbaren Frage, wem die vorgestellten Überlegungen und Thesen zuzuschreiben sind, wird Saul Kripkes Deutung von Wittgenstein in der Literatur unter dem Namen «Kripkenstein» diskutiert. Mit dieser Neubenennung ist eine zentrale Problematik jüngerer Untersuchungen zu einer globalen Ideengeschichte des ökonomischen Liberalismus umrissen – die Frage, inwieweit sie sich tatsächlich als eine Geschichte der weltweiten Verbreitung, Aneignung und Reinterpretation "eines" Liberalismus erzählen lässt.
Zum letzten Heller
Authors: Grünbein Durs
Published: December 2016

Eine ganze Zeit lang war das kleine Hellerau vor den Toren Dresdens Oase gewesen. Man nannte es Gartenstadt und war an alte Dorfgemeinschaften erinnert: ein Ensemble aus Kleinhäusern, die alle aussahen wie Geschwister einer großen, kinderreichen Familie.
Un empresario agrícola porfirista en Morelos. El caso de Luis García Pimentel
Authors: Moguel Pasquel María Carolina
Published: December 2016

El objetivo del artículo es presentar la vida y trayectoria del empresario agrícola Luis García Pimentel, reconocido representante de la elite regional porfiriana de Morelos, propietario de dos haciendas azucareras ubicadas al oriente de la entidad, la de Santa Ana Tenango y la de Santa Clara Montefalco. El personaje se estudió desde el ámbito de la historia económica, mediante una escrupulosa investigación en siete archivos, y en bibliografía concerniente y actualizada del tema. Cabe destacar que no existen estudios similares de empresarios porfiristas de Morelos y la importancia de documentos encontrados en el Archivo de Notarias de la Ciudad de México que aportan información relevante y desconocida en fuentes secundarias. La monografía muestra cómo antes de la revolución, García Pimentel se desempeñaba exitosamente en los negocios, conocía su entorno y lo aprovechaba para aumentar sus ganancias. Tras la lucha armada, sin embargo, no pudo recuperar el auge económico anterior.
Mark Healey, El peronismo entre las ruinas: el terremoto y la reconstrucción de San Juan, Buenos Aires, Siglo XXI, 2012, 384 pp.
Authors: Rosales María Del Carmen
Published: December 2016

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La restitución de tierras en Colombia expectativas y retos
Authors: Martínez Sanabria Claudia Margarita , Pérez Forero Andrea Carolina
Published: December 2016

Se pretende hacer un estudio de la obligación a cargo del Estado Colombiano de restituir las tierras que les han sido arrebatadas a los desplazados-víctimas del conflicto armado, como parte de la obligación de reparación integral.

Dentro de éste contexto se analizará el problema del desplazamiento forzado interno en Colombia a partir de sus antecedentes e identificación de los derechos de los desplazados y la regulación y jurisprudencia que se ha expedido en la materia. Así mismo, se analizará la normatividad que regula la reparación integral a las víctimas y específicamente la restitución de tierras, contenida en la Ley 1448 de 2011, con el fin de identificar sus principales componentes y las expectativas y retos que conlleva su aplicación práctica, para que no sea simplemente un derecho consagrado en la Ley como mera ilusión de las víctimas, sino una realidad que materialice la justicia.
La excepción preliminar falta de competencia de la corte interamericana ¿un mecanismo efectivo de defensa estatal?
Authors: González Serrano Andrés
Published: December 2016

El presente artículo demostrará que la excepción preliminar “falta de competencia en razón a la materia”, sí es un mecanismo de defensa estatal efectivo. Sin embargo, también se podrá evidenciar que este mecanismo se ha tornado ineficaz debido que los agentes estatales de los diferentes Estados Parte de la Convención, son quienes han restado importancia a la excepción, al interponerla de forma no adecuada ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. 
Conformación del poder judicial en Colombia a partir de las constituciones provinciales comprendidas en el periodo de 1810-1821
Authors: Herrán Pinzón Omar Antonio
Published: December 2016

El contenido de las diversas Constituciones en el período comprendido entre 1810-1821, se sintetiza en las circunstancias que ha vivido el pueblo Colombiano en el desarrollo constitucional del poder judicial en Colombia. Si se afirmase que no es posible una democracia sin un poder judicial democrático donde éste vele por el respeto de las libertades de los individuos en forma tal; el Estado tendría la obligación de proteger y respetar la organización estatal en la división de poderes como un proyecto jurídico - político en desarrollo en las constituciones provinciales.

Es decir, si no hay una estructura institucional que permita el ejercicio judicial de la solución de conflictos en forma autónoma e independiente, se terminaría en un mero enunciado institucional.