bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A phase I/II study of the combination of quizartinib with azacitidine or low-dose cytarabine for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Swaminathan Mahesh , Kantarjian Hagop M , Levis Mark , Guerra Veronica , Borthakur Gautam , Alvarado Yesid , DiNardo Courtney D , Kadia Tapan , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Ohanian Maro , Daver Naval , Konopleva Marina , Pemmaraju Naveen , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Andreeff Michael , Jain Nitin , Estrov Zeev , Jabbour Elias J , Wierda William G , Pierce Sherry , Pinsoy Maria Rhona , Xiao Lianchun , Ravandi Farhad , Cortes Jorge E
Published: April 2021

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor prognosis. We hypothesized that quizartinib, a selective and potent FLT3 inhibitor, with azacitidine (AZA) or low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) might improve the outcomes in patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated AML. In this open-label phase I/II trial, patients of any age receiving first-salvage treatment for FLT3-ITD AML or age >60 years with untreated myelodysplastic syndrome or AML were treated with quizartinib plus AZA or LDAC. Seventy-three patients were treated (34 frontline, 39 first-salvage). Among previously untreated patients, composite response (CRc) was achieved in 13/15 (87%, 8 CR, 4 Cri, 1 CRp) treated with quizartinib/AZA and 14/19 (74%, 1 CR, 8 CRi, 5 CRp) in quizartinib/LDAC. The median OS was 19.2 months for quizartinib/AZA and 8.5 months for quizartinib/LDAC cohort; RFS was 10.5 and 6.4 months, respectively. Among previously treated patients, 16 (64%) achieved CRc in quizartinib/AZA and 4 (29%) in quizartinib/LDAC. The median OS for patients treated with quizartinib/AZA and quizartinib/LDAC was 12.8 vs. 4 months, respectively. QTc prolongation grade 3 occurred in only 1 patient in each cohort. Quizartinib-based combinations, particularly with AZA, appear effective in both frontline and first-salvage for patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated AML and are well tolerated.
Diabetes and Hypertension - A Challenging Alliance
Authors: Haq M Maksumul
Published: April 2021

Abstract not available

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 5-7
Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome among Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Sarker Md Mokhlesur Rahman , Hossain Md Zakir , Saha Sumanta Kumar , Mondol Md Shariful Islam , Miah Md Helal , Haque Md Ashraful , Alam Md Shaifiul , Yusuf Md Ghulam
Published: April 2021

Background: The metabolic syndrome is quite common worldwide and can be found in approximately one­ third of patients with essential hypertension in whom it considerably increases the risk of cardiovascular and renal events, even in the absence of overt diabetes. The simple and easy identification of metabolic syndrome will help clinicians managing the patients in their daily clinical practice. National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III) criteria are now considered as the valid indicators for detecting the condition. But it has not yet been widely tested in our country. The present study was, conducted to find the frequency of metabolic syndrome and its risk factors in hypertensive individuals.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Hypertension & Research Center, Rangpur over a period of 2 years from January 2010 to December 2011. A total of 573 adult hypertensive  patients (18 years & above) who fulfilled the criteria of hypertension according to JNC-7 were consecutively included  in  the study as case and a total 206 non-hypertensive subjects were included as control. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined according to NCEP ATP-III criteria. Lipid profile and blood sugar level were investigated as laboratory parameters. Treatment history of the patients was also recorded.

Results: The study showed a 23% prevalence of metabolic syndrome among hypertensives. About 60% of the patients were in their 3rd and 4th decades of life with mean age being 49.5 ± 12.2 years. A male preponderance was observed with male to female ratio being 3: 2. Over 40% of the patients were overweight or obese. More than 10% of males and 40% of females had central obesity. Overweight & obese subjects were staggeringly higher in hypertensives with metabolic syndrome than that in patients without metabolic syndrome (74.8% vs. 30 .1%, p<0.001). The hypertensive patients with advancing age (50 years onwards), female sex, overweight or obesity, sedentary lifestyle were more likely to be associated with metabolic syndrome than those with age below 50 years, male sex, normal BMI and active life-style. The likelihood of having metabolic syndrome in hypertensives with age >50  years, females,  overweight/obese  and in patients accustomed to sedentary life-style were 1.4, 2.1, 6.9 and 2.2  times higher respectively  than the patients without having these conditions.

Conclusion: The study concluded that metabolic syndrome is a highly prevalent condition among hypertensive individuals. Older patients, females with overweight or obesity leading a sedentary life are at higher risk of developing the condition than males below 50 years with normal BMI and active life-style.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 24-30
Management of Disturbances of Calcium & Phosphate Metabolism in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Khan Md Masum Kamal , Yesmine Saquiba , Rashid MA , Chowdhury Rehnuma Tasmin , Mahmood Iqbal Hasan , Sumeet Shah Muhammad Tanvir
Published: April 2021

Management of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) can be difficult in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review aims to explain why the control of disturbed calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone and vitamin D metabolism is important in CKD patients. The available means to control these parameters include diet, phosphate binders, native Vitamin D, active Vitamin D derivatives and calcimimetics. However, no single measure is not enough and concerted efforts give the best result.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 37-40
Renal Sodium Handling in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Islam SM Shaheedul , Kabir CM Shaheen , Ahmad Farid , Rahman Md Mizanur , Mohammed Hanif -
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Neprhrotic Syndrome (NS) is a predictable complex with severe, prolonged increase in glomerular permeability for protein leading to hypo-albuminemia. Edema is the other major abnormality; but the underlying mechanism is incompletely resolved. Again during edema formation stage, some of these children express clinical symptoms of hypovolemia, while others do not. The purpose of the study was to identify the NS-children with hypovolemia by measuring the parameters of renal function in respect to their specificity and easy availability.

Methods: We studied renal function in 17 children with NS in full blown nephrosis who had come to the Nephrology-Follow up Clinic or the OPD in Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital (DSH) and got admitted into the hospital as nephrotic patients with relapses or 1st episodes. The period of study was July 2001 to December 2001 for total period of 6 months. Findings were related to presence or absence of symptoms suggestive of hypovolemia, and were compared to results of similar studies in the same children in remission.

Results: Nine children presented with hypovolemic symptoms, and 8 without such symptoms. Both groups displayed severe proteinuria, hypo-albuminemia and edema. Twelve (70.5%) children showed higher blood pressure values in comparision to those of remission. Symptomatic patients showed tendency for a low glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and significantly impaired urine dilution, lower urine-sodium (UNa/Ucr), decreased fractional sodium excretion (FENa), and elevated sodium-potassium exchange quotient, UK/(UK+UNa). In the non-symptomatic patients, these parameters were normal.

Conclusions: Among parameters of renal functions,UK/(UK+UNa)-sodium-potassium exchange quotient was found to be the most specific - higher values in hypovolemic patients and lower in patients with stable edema, and in remission too.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2013; 3(1&2): 15-20
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and Conventional Surgery in the Management of Chronic Sinusitis
Authors: Hossain Mohammod Jamal , Alam Md Morshed , Rahman Masroor , Ali Mohammad Idris , Sarwar SM
Published: April 2021

Background & objective: The interest in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in the management of chronic sinusitis is increasing day by day. The proponents of FESS for the treatment of chronic sinusitis claim that it is superior to conventional sinus surgery in the management of the disease, but there are limited studies addressing the issue. The present study was undertaken to make a comparative evaluation between FESS and conventional surgery in the treatment of chronic sinusitis.

Materials & Methods: This prospective study was conducted between October 2005 to March 2006 in the Department of ENT and Head-Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka. A total of 60 patients of chronic sinusitis with failed conservative treatment or chronic sinusitis with polyps admitted for surgical treatment were included. Selected patients irrespective of age and sex were randomly assigned to either FESS (n=30) or conventional surgery (n=30) followed by respective interventions. Baseline clinical characteristics, image findings and outcome variables were studied.

Result: Majority of the patients (around 70%) in either group was in their second and third decades of life. Males were a bit higher in the FESS group. Nasal obstruction was the predominant complaints (75%) followed by nasal discharge (68.3%) and headache (66.7%). X-ray of paranasal sinuses showed opacity in maxillary antrum and nasal fossa in 90% and mucosal thickening in maxillary antrum in 58.3% cases. CT scan showed isodense shadow in ethmoid region and nasal fossa (86.7%) with blocked osteomeatal complex (OMC) on both sides (73.3%) and mucosal thickening in maxillary antrum (46.7%). The indications for FESS were chronic sinusitis with ethmoidal polyp (73.3%), while that for conventional surgery was chronic sinusitis alone (56.7%). Majority (83.3%) of the FESS group and two-thirds (66.7%) of the conventional group had unilateral operation. Most (90%) of the FESS group required nasal or antral packing during procedure than that of the conventional group (43.3%) (p<0.001). Complete recovery was significantly higher in the former group (70%) than that in the latter group (40%) (p = 0.047). Shorter hospital stay (up to 2 days) was observed in majority of the former group patients (0.001). In terms of complications, periorbital oedema was appreciably lower and numbness of the cheek was completely absent in FESS group than those in the Conventional group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005 respectively).

Conclusion: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery offers higher success and lower morbidity than conventional surgery in the management of chronic sinusitis with or without polyp. However, proper training is mandatory to acquire proficiency in FESS.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(1): 16-21
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS): A Case History
Authors: Khatun Hazera , Rahman Tarannum
Published: April 2021

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) is an inherited X-linked recessive disease with a mutation in the Androgen Receptor (AR) gene resulting in - functioning of Y sex chromosome and abnormality on X sex chromosome, where affected individuals have male chromosomes and male gonads with complete or partial feminization of the external genitals. Recently a case of complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS) is reported at Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka. A 15 years old school girl was admitted with primary amenorrhea with bilateral inguinal hernia. Diagnosis of complete AIS is confirmed by discovering an adult male testosterone level, 46, XY karyotype, absence of axillary and pubic hair and a shallow vagina, with no cervix or uterus.

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(1): 33-37
Outcome of Short-Term and Long Term Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Colostomy Closure
Authors: Uddin Md Jamal Saleh , Chakrabarti Sukumar , Islam Md Shahidul
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Antibiotic prophylaxis is a common practice in children undergoing colostomy closure for anorectal malformation, Hirschsprung's disease. Traditionally, antibiotics are given for unnecessarily longer period of time, which consumes scarce health resources having alternate efficient use. The present study was undertaken to compare the outcome between short-term and long-term antibiotic prophylaxis in colostomy closure.

Materials & Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka over a period of 15 months from April 2001 to June 2002. Children admitted with anorectal malformation, Hirschsprung's disease for colostomy closures were the study population. However, immuno-compromised children or children already getting antibiotics were excluded from the study. A total of 46 such children were consecutively included and were randomly allocated to long-term group (n = 21) and short-term group (n = 25). The long-term group received antibiotic up to 5th postoperative day, while the short-term group received the same antibiotic up to 2nd postoperative day. Transverse colostomy was the main procedure employed in colostomy closure; however, a few patients required sigmoid colostomy. The outcome measures were incidence of wound infection, hospital stay and cost of treatment.

Result: Majority of the children were between 1 - 5 years of age (75% in short-term and 50% in long-term group) followed by under 1 year (10% in short-term and 40% in long-term group) and > 5 years (15% in short-term and 10% in long-term group). The overall male to female ratio was 3:1. Majority (85%) of the patients in both long­term and short-term groups belonged to lower income group. Over half (52.2%) of the children had anorectal malformations (ARM) and the rest (47.8%) had Hirschsprung's disease (HD). Children were generally malnourished according to Gomez classification. Majority (91%) was operated on by transverse colostomy and few (9%) by sigmoid colostomy. Three patients in each group developed postoperative wound infection. Blood culture of none of these patients yielded growth of any organism, though wound swab culture did so in 5 cases out of 6 infected patients. In 2 cases, the organism was E.coli, in 2 cases, it was Pseudomonas and in one case Staph. aureus. Total cost of antibiotics in short-term therapy was less than 50% of that required in long-term therapy. The outcome in terms of recovery, complications and postoperative hospital stay was no different between groups.

Conclusion: The study concluded that short-term antibiotic prophylaxis is as efficacious as long-term in preventing wound infection in patients with colostomy closure for anorectal malformation and Hirschsprung's disease. Short-term antibiotic prophylaxis is cost-effective

Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2014; 4(2): 43-48
Use of saturation diving technique for tunnel boring machine cutterhead intervention in the Tuen Mun–Chek Lap Kok Link Sub-sea Tunnel Project, Hong Kong
Authors: Chan A W Y , Yeung Charles H C , Westmoreland A J , Fok S W , Ng Conrad C W , Guedon F
Published: April 2021

The entire Tuen Mun–Chek Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL) was commissioned on 27 December 2020 and it comprises a 9km-long dual 2-lane carriageway between Tuen Mun and North Lantau, Hong Kong. Construction of the 5km-long sub-sea tunnels was carried out by two 14m diameter Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs). The tunnel alignment for the TM-CLKL sub-sea tunnel section is in mixed ground condition with the first 500 m in mixed geology of slightly to moderately decomposed granite and completely decomposed granite (CDG), followed by soft ground condition with CDG, alluvial sand, alluvial clay and marine deposit. This mixed ground geology requires regular TBM cutterhead interventions to change the worn-out cutting tools during the tunnelling operation. As the tunnel alignment is up to 55 m below the sea level with the deepest seabed level at -21 mPD, in order to maintain the cutting face stability during the intervention, the intervention pressure could be up to 6 bars. This paper describes different techniques used for TBM interventions under the sea such as trimix bounce mode and saturation mode that appears first time in Hong Kong under a high hyperbaric pressure to change the worn-out cutting tools at the TBM cutterhead.
Fatores associados à funcionalidade nas atividades instrumentais de vida diária em idosos brasileiros
Authors: Barbosa Felipe Douglas Silva , Melo Camilla Louise de , Silva Roberto Jerônimo dos Santos
Published: April 2021

Introdução: A redução da capacidade funcional nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária pode acompanhar o processo de envelhecimento, as quais permitem independência para participação na comunidade.  A avaliação dessas atividades parece ser mais sensível a processos iniciais de alterações na funcionalidade de idosos. Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados à funcionalidade nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária em idosos brasileiros. Metodologia: Foram utilizados os dados referentes à população idosa da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013. Utilizou-se como variável desfecho a “Capacidade funcional nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária” e dependentes as condições sociodemográficas, saúde e estilo de vida e, risco cardiovascular. Utilizou-se a regressão linear múltipla para amostras complexas para a análise estatística. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo 11177 participantes. Foi observada para ambos os sexos associação significativa entre a “Capacidade Funcional nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária” e as variáveis “Idade”, “Situação conjugal”, “Percepção de saúde”, “Queda nos últimos 12 meses”, “consumo de álcool” e “Nível de Atividade Física”. Para o sexo feminino, apenas a “Pressão arterial sistólica”. Conclusão: Estiveram associadas à funcionalidade nas Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária no idosos condições sociodemográficas, de saúde e estilo de vida e, relacionadas ao risco cardiovascular.
Nutritional plans for net energy of growing-finishing swine: economic evaluation
Authors: Silva Camilla Mendonça , Kiefer Charles , Brumatti Ricardo Carneiro , Nascimento Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento , Farias Taynah Vieira Aguiar , Fantini Leticia Emiliani , Caramori Júnior João Garcia , Corassa Anderson
Published: April 2021

The energy content is the most expensive component in the diet for production of swine. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the profitability of nutritional plans with different net energy (NE) levels for barrows and gilts through sensitivity analysis. Nutritional plans with variable levels of NE were evaluated (2300; 2380; 2460; 2540; 2620 and 2700 kcal of NE/kg) in diets of 144 swines. The carcasses gross profit was determined based on bonus system (CGPbs) and or based solely on live weights (CGPlw). A sensitivity analysis was performed for each NE nutritional plan with different simulations of price quotes for the ingredients in the diet. The simulations carried out for the price of corn for nutritional plans for barrows, indicate that higher levels of net energy provided the highest CGPbs and CGPlw. For degummed soybean oil, the increase in the concentration of net energy in diets provided an increase of up to 6% in CGPbs and CGPlw. For gilts, the increase of energy levels in the diets from 2460 to 2700 kcal of net energy improved the gross profit by 17% when carcasses were sold based on bonus system (CGPbs) and CGPlw was higher when fed with the diet containing 2540 kcal of NE. The increase in the net energy level from 2300 to 2700 kcal in the diet of both barrows and gilts during the growth-finishing phase generated improvements in economic gains, regardless of the way in which the animals are marketed (CGPbs and CGPlw).
Qualidade fenólica em cultivares de uva submetida a poda verde e regulador hormonal
Authors: Pessenti Isabela Leticia , Ayub Ricardo Antonio , Melo Heverton Fernando , Martins Warlyton Silva , Wiecheteck Lucia Helena , Botelho Renato Vasconcelos
Published: April 2021

A cor e estabilidade das antocianinas em frutas são amplamente influenciadas pela temperatura, luz e pH. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o manejo da desfolha e da aplicação do ácido abscísico (S-ABA) na qualidade fenólica das cultivares Primitivo e Malbec (Vitis vinifera L.). O experimento foi conduzido em um vinhedo comercial em Santa Catarina, Brasil, com duas cultivares de videira Primitivo e Malbec (V. vinífera L.), respectivamente, por dois ciclos consecutivos: 2015/2016 e 2016/2017. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, consistindo em seis tratamentos: 1) testemunha (sem tratamento); 2) desfolha manual no início da maturação (DIM); 3) desfolha manual quinze dias após a primeira desfolha (D15); 4) S-ABA 200 mg L-1 (ABA200); 5) S-ABA 400 mg L-1 (ABA400); 6) S-ABA 600 mg L-1 (ABA600), quatro repetições e três plantas por parcela. Com os dados obtidos, realizou-se o teste de normalidade por Kolmogorov-Smirnov ao nível de 5% de significância, empregando a análise de variância (ANOVA) e, posteriormente, a Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) com o objetivo de analisar a relação entre os parâmetros analisados, utilizando o software R. Após a discussão dos resultados, conclui-se que a aplicação exógena de S-ABA fornece níveis mais altos de flavonoides totais, luminosidade e cromaticidade em videiras cvs. Malbec e Primitivo e que a aplicação de S-ABA promoveu desfolha com 600 mg L-1, podendo ser uma alternativa para reduzir custos de produção. A desfolha forneceu um aumento na intensidade de cor e no ângulo Hue em bagas cv. Malbec e Primitivo, em que tal fator pode estar relacionado à maior incidência de radiação nos cachos, causada pela remoção das folhas.
Diagnóstico e adequações do sistema de resfriamento da água de beber para fêmeas suínas em lactação e gestação visando melhorias nos índices produtivos
Authors: Marques Lucas Barbosa , Marques Isabella Barbosa , Silva Leonardo França da , Matias Lindeneia de Jesus , Silva Bruno Alexander Nunes , Menegali Irene
Published: April 2021

Manejar as porcas em lactação adequadamente quando submetidas ao estresse térmico é fundamental para a indústria suinícola. A alta temperatura combinada com a umidade elevada faz com que o desempenho seja comprometido das matrizes em lactação, como efeitos desse estresse provocado pelo calor, as porcas diminuem a ingestão de alimento e consequentemente diminui a produção de leite na leitegada. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho adequar o sistema de resfriamento de água de beber existente em funcionamento na granja suinícola na Fazenda Experimental Professor Hamilton de Abreu Navarro, para que promova a recirculação da água utilizada para dessedentar as fêmeas suínas, visando manter a temperatura em níveis adequados para o consumo para os animais. O projeto foi constituído buscando melhorar de maneira econômica e eficiente. Instalou equipamentos, adicionou novas tubulações e uma motobomba com controlador de tempo para fazer a recirculação de água. Após implantação, a água da tubulação se manteve mais homogênea e em temperaturas inferiores a da água da rede e ao ambiente. Concluiu-se que houve melhoria no sistema, o que possibilitará estudos futuros sobre a influência da água resfriada nos índices zootécnicos.
Assistência de enfermagem à pacientes com úlceras venosas atendidos em um Hospital Universitário: Um relato de experiência
Authors: Ribeiro Aclênia Maria Nascimento , Costa Gabriela Oliveira Parentes da , Siqueira Roxana Mesquita de Oliveira Teixeira , Braga Francisca das Chagas Sheyla Almeida Gomes , Leite Yara Maria Rêgo , Rezende Verônica Elis Araújo , Gonçalves Pâmela Caroline Guimarães , Vale Carolina Silva , Santos Maria Lailda de Assis , Ferreira Ravena de Sousa Alencar , Jatobá Diana Nogueira Villa , Fernandes Ana Rachel Cavalcante Araújo , Castro Mara Cléssia de Oliveira
Published: April 2021

Introdução: Entre as doenças crônicas que mais acometem os adultos estão as úlceras venosas crônicas, que são consideradas uma síndrome que causa perda tecidual, capaz de atingir o tecido subcutâneo e adjacentes, principalmente nas extremidades dos membros inferiores. Essas lesões podem permanecer por muito tempo e ter uma recorrência frequente, levando de meses a anos, para que ocorra a epitelização tecidual.  Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência que descreve aspectos vivenciados por residentes de enfermagem, na oportunidade do ingresso em um Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde de uma Universidade Federal do Nordeste, cujas atividades práticas foram desenvolvidas em diversos setores de um hospital universitário, incluindo o ambulatório de estomaterapia. Resultados e discussões: As atividades desenvolvidas no ambulatório de estomaterapia pelas residentes foram diversas e variaram desde a realização dos curativos até o acolhimento ao paciente nas consultas de enfermagem, fornecendo orientações para o autocuidado e para o correto manejo das úlceras venosas, incentivo a alimentação saudável e manutenção do tratamento e apoio aos pacientes e familiares permitindo assim um atendimento integral. Conclusão: Assim, acredita-se que a experiência permitiu a consolidação de conhecimentos teóricos e práticos, ganho de autonomia, desenvolvimento de habilidades e destreza manual durante a realização dos curativos, avaliando e investigando os aspectos físicos e sistêmicos que interferem no processo de cicatrização, e ainda, constituiu-se como uma oportunidade favorável para a aplicação da SAE a nível ambulatorial.
Method of the equivalent photons for modulated electron beam
Authors: Feranchuk Ilya D. , Skoromnik Oleg D. , Nguyen Quang San
Published: April 2021

It is shown in this work that electromagnetic self-field of the periodically density modulated electron bunch can be considered as the beam of the equivalent photons (pseudo-photons), collimated along the electron velocity. Pseudo-photon spectrum includes both the incoherent contribution being proportional to number of electrons in the bunch and the coherent part with the sharp maximum corresponding the modulation frequency. Method of the equivalent photons can be applied for description of the interaction between the electron bunch and a crystal that leads to generation of the coherent parametric X-ray radiation by the modulated bunches exited from the undulator of the X-ray free electron laser. It provides the possibility to obtain the X-ray pulses directed at the large angle to the electron velocity where intensity of the background radiation essentially decreased. It is defined the conditions when the spectral and angular distributions of the coherent pseudo-photons can be compared with the analogous values for the pulses of the X-ray laser.
Effects of high energy on steel structure in deformation
Authors: Savenko Vladimir S. , Troitskiy Oleg A. , Hrushchov Mikhail M. , Stashenko Vladimir I. , Zernitsa Denis A.
Published: April 2021

The author of the article investigates how microwave radiation affects the processes of active deformation and mechanical stress relaxation in stressed stainless steel specimen under the electric current and when vector E (of microwave radiation) moves in different directions along the axe of the specimen. When vector E of microwave radiation was oriented in a longitudinalis way and electric current was passed, the softening of metal increased from 22 to 30 %. Multi-criteria analysis of steel samples with electric current and samples with no electric current was made. Analysis findings showed that external energy deposition influenced greatly on deformation of steel crystals. The action of high-density electric current pulses and microwave radiation on a sample loaded above the yield strength increases the ductility of stainless steel, and its strength characteristics, the microstructure is modified. Phase composition of steel was also investigated. The studies showed that the content of martensitic and austenitic phases in steel changed significantly. Moreover, the results showed that there was an additional mechanism of electroplastic deformation in the crossed fields of microwave radiation and magnetic field of current.
Influence of isotopic composition of silicon on local vibrational modes of vacancy-oxygen complex
Authors: Tolkacheva Ekaterina A. , Markevich Vladimir P. , Murin Leonid I.
Published: April 2021

Isotopic composition of natural silicon (28Si (92.23 %), 29Si (4.68 %) and 30Si (3.09 %)) affects noticeably the shape of infrared absorption bands related to the oxygen impurity atoms. The positions of local vibrational modes (LVMs), related to quasimolecules 28Si – 16OS – 29Si and 28Si – 16OS – 30Si (OS – substitutional oxygen atom) have been determined for the absorption spectra measured at Т ≅ 20 K and at room temperature (Т ≅ 300 K). An estimation of the isotopic shifts of corresponding modes in a semi empirical way has been done by the fitting the shape of the experimentally measured absorption band related to the vacancy-oxygen center in irradiated Si crystals. The LVM isotope shifts at Т ≅ 300 K are found to be (2.22 ± 0.25) сm–1 for 28Si – 16OS – 29Si and (4.19 ± 0.80) сm–1 for 28Si – 16OS – 30Si in relation to the most intense band with its maximum at (830.29 ± 0.09) cm–1 due to the vibrations of  28Si – 16OS – 28Si, and the full width at half maximum of the A-center absorption bands is (5.30 ± 0.26) cm–1. At Т ≅ 20 K the corresponding values have been determined as (1.51 ± 0.13); (2.92 ± 0.20); (835.78 ± 0.01) and (2.34 ± 0.03) сm–1. A model for the calculation of isotopic shifts in the considered case has been discussed. From an analysis of the observed isotopic shifts some information about the structure of the vacancy-oxygen complex in silicon at Т ≅ 20 K and at room temperature has been obtained.
Magnetic nanoparticles for components of MRI diagnostics and electronic devices
Authors: Korsakova Alina S. , Kotsikau Dzmitry A. , Livanovich Kanstantsin S. , Shutava Tatsiana G. , Haiduk Yulyan S. , Pankov Vladimir V.
Published: April 2021

The formation of single-phase solid solutions of iron oxide and manganese oxide with a spinel structure in MnxFe3 – xO4 system (x = 0; 0.3; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 1.2; 1.4; 1.8) has been established by methods of X-ray phase analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The maximum saturation magnetization was found for the composition Mn0.3 Fe2.7O4 (Ms = 68 A ⋅ m2 ⋅ kg−1 at 300 K and Ms = 85 A ⋅ m2 ⋅ kg−1 at 5 K), which is associated with a change in the cationic distribution over tetrahedral and octahedral voids. The materials obtained were stabilized in the form of colloidal solutions using a number of polyelectrolytes. It was found that poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) had the best stabilizing effect due to its structural features. A method for controlling the magnetic properties of magnetite by partial replacement of iron ions in the magnetite structure with manganese is proposed. Changing the magnitude of the magnetization and coercive force is possible by changing the degree of substitution. Relatively high values of specific magnetization, as well as uniformity of magnetic particles in size, can be of practical interest, for the manufacture of contrast agents in MRI diagnostics.
Application of surfactants for the synthesis of qualitative hydroxide and metallic cobalt nanopowders
Authors: Nguyen Van Minh , Nguyen Tien Hiep , Gorobinsky Stanislav V.
Published: April 2021

In this work, nanopowders (NP) Co(OH)2 were obtained by chemical precipitation from aqueous solutions of cobalt nitrate Co(NO3)2 and alkali NaOH (10 wt. %) using surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) (0.1 wt. %). It was shown that Co(OH)2 NP with 0.1% SDS is the best quality product, since its dispersion increases more than 2 times compared to the samples with 0.1% CPC and without surfactants. In this case, the Co(OH)2 NP has the form of flakes with an irregular shape and a nanometer size (about 100 nm) with an average thickness of 30 nm. It was found that the average particle size of Co NP obtained by hydrogen reduction of Co(OH)2 NP with 0.1% SDS at 280°C has a maximum on the distribution histogram shifted to the interval 41–50 nm, which is characterized by a narrow particle size distribution and represents spherical particles sintered with each other.
Nonlinear dynamics of radiation of high-current beams of charged particles in spatially periodic structures
Authors: Sytova Svetlana N.
Published: April 2021

Provided a review of physical processes underlying the functioning of vacuum electronic devices, namely, nonlinear processes of radiation of  high-current beams of charged particles during their passage through spatially periodic structures (resonators) and their interaction with an electromagnetic field. Principles of functioning of travelling wave tubes, backward wave tubes, multi-wave Cherenkov generators, free electron lasers and free electron masers, volume free electron lasers are considered. These devices operate in a wide spectrum range from microwave to X-ray, have high efficiency, and allow obtaining high radiation powers in narrow spectral ranges. Increase the performance and reliability of electronic vacuum devices is based on improving the complex electromagnetic structures in resonators. The article demonstrates a variety of such devices with an obvious generality of physical principles used in them. Nonlinear chaotic dynamics of their functioning is considered. Particular attention is paid to consideration of principles of operation of volume free electron lasers as well as their difference from other devices.
Theoretical description of the ligand function for ionoselective electrodes reversible to metal anion complexes. 3. Modeling of the electrode response in ligand and foreign ions solutions using the multi-species approach model
Authors: Egorov Vladimir V. , Siamionau Andrei V. , Novakovskii Andrei D. , Akayeu Yauhen B.
Published: April 2021

A description for the ligand function of the tetrathiocyanatozincate selective electrode, has been proposed, using a multi-species approach model. This model takes into account simultaneous phase-boundary, diffusion-controlled, processes of ion exchange between tetrathiocyanatozincate, thyocyanate and foreign ions unable to form zinc complexes, as well as distribution of the neutral zinc complex between phases, partial decomposition of quaternary ammonium tetrathiocyanatozincate salt and stepwise complex formation processes in water phase. The model is based on solving the system of equations describing several interphase and intraphase equilibria, assuming that diffusion flows of all membrane and solution components at the phase boundary are stationary. It provides the adequate description of tetrathiocyanatozincate selective electrode in solutions of the ligand, foreign ions and mixed solutions of the above, and predicts the effect of zinc chloride concentration in the sample solution upon electrode function slopes, lower detection limits and selectivity coefficients.
The state of infrastructure of the territories affected by the Chernobyl accident (in review of population and experts)
Authors: Vishniakova Marharyta V.
Published: April 2021

The article presents the assesment of satisfaction by the infrastructure of settlements located on the polluted lands in the context of achievement SDG 11 «Steady cities and settlements». On the basis of empirical data obtained during the implementation of the joint study of the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and the Belarus State Economic University, the level of provision of settlements of the transport, social and housing and utilities infrastructure was determined. The quality of their services is assessed by the population and experts living in the territory contaminated with radionuclides. Insufficient level of provision of rural settlements of household services, sports and recreational facilities and organisations of housing and communal services has been revealed. Vulnerable aspects of health facilities included the organisation of reception of patients, the possibility of examination and treatment by doctors of narrow specialisation, as well as diagnostic examinations. The population and experts negatively assess road-, roadside- and sidewalks-clearing work in winter. They are concerned about the construction of roads, bridges, and the state of road surfaces, pay attention to the insufficient number of playgrounds and sports fields. The key problem in the work of public transport is associated with inconvenient schedules (insufficient amount of transport on the route).
Small religious group in the urban environment: failure of the Bahá’i project
Authors: Ryazanova Svetlana V.
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the proselytising strategy of the Bahá’i community in the Perm Territory that reflects the situation with this religious group in the Russian Federation as a whole. Bahá’i s are seen as one of the new religious projects of the end of the last century, claiming a wide coverage of believers and being unable to fulfill the task. The main research question is to identify obstacles for effective proselytising activities of new religious movements as features of the religious groups. The aim of the work is to identify effective mechanisms for recruiting neophytes in the urban environment, which involves channels for transmitting teachings, main factors of the proselytic potential of religion, the connection between doctrine, cult practice and the success of the missionary activity. The article presents the first experience of a sociological analysis of the regional Bahá’i community as a new religious movement in the post-Soviet space. The study is built on a set of included observations, results from a survey of church members, a series of semi-structured interviews, an analysis of sacred literature and information from social networks. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of the spread of the Bahá’i faith in the country and the social characteristics of the neophytes. The main types of religious and near-religious activities of the community and ways of attracting new followers are analysed. The reasons and factors of the curtailment of activity and decline of the community, as well as the chosen development tactics at the present stage, are identified. The Bahá’i community is treated as uncompetitive in the religious space of the region and country. This is determined by the high value of the individual qualities of the followers, a low degree of external attractiveness, and poor adaptation to the religious needs of the population. The analysis of the community allows us to establish the place of new religious movements in the social and cultural space and the prospects for their development as local communities.
Massive Alveolar Haemorrhage Presenting During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Page Joseph , Morgan Caitlin , Hughes John , Fallon Janet
Published: April 2021

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged healthcare systems and has resulted in complex diagnostic processes for patients with non-COVID-19 pathology. Here, we demonstrate a case of massive alveolar haemorrhage secondary to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive vasculitis, presented to a district general hospital in the UK during the first wave of the global pandemic. This case highlights some of the difficulties clinicians may face when diagnosing life-threatening antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive vasculitis amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors place emphasis on the careful interpretation of chemical biomarkers such as troponin and D-dimer when assessing patients with acute respiratory distress. They also aim to highlight the importance of CT thorax imaging when seeking an alternate diagnosis to COVID-19.
The role of sports participation in the association between students’ body image concerns and disordered eating
Authors: Balčiūnienė Vaiva , Jankauskienė Rasa , Bacevičienė Miglė
Published: April 2021

Background. Body image concerns (BICs) negatively influence young people’s health as they mutilate psychosocial functioning and lifestyle. The present study aimed to compare BICs, socio-cultural attitudes towards appearance, and disordered eating (DE) in a large sample of student women and men of different body mass (BMI) and physical activity and to evaluate the mediating role of sports participation in the association between BICs and DE.

Methods. A total sample of 1850 students (1087 or 58.8% were women, average age 21.6 ± 5.0 years) participated in the study and completed a questionnaire measuring BICs, internalization of the socio-cultural appearance ideals, drive for muscularity, DE, physical activity (PA), and BMI. Two hundred eighty-two men and two hundred eighty-eight women reported leisure-time participation in sports. Two-way ANOVA was conducted to test gender, BMI group, and sports participation effects on study variables. Moderated leisure-time exercise at a sports club effects were tested in the association between body image concerns (BICs) and disordered eating behaviours (DE).

Results. Overweight/obese students reported greater BICs, internalization of the stereotyped appearance ideals, and DE compared to students of normal body weight. Participants of sports clubs demonstrated higher appearance evaluation and body areas satisfaction; however, they reported higher overweight preoccupation, internalization of socio-cultural ideals, drive for muscularity (men), and DE. A higher level of BMI, BICs, internalization of socio-cultural body ideals, and drive for muscularity (in men) were associated with greater DE in students. Participation in sports was not a significant moderator between BICs and DE. A significant interaction effect between BMI and exercising at a sports club was observed in women. Conditional effects demonstrated that female students with higher BMI and exercising at a sports club were at higher risk of DE (β = .18, p < .001) than women non-exercising at a sports club (β = .13, p < .001).

Conclusions. Overweight students of both genders reported greater BICs and DE. Sports-involved students (men and women) demonstrated more favourable body appearance evaluation. However, sports participants of both genders demonstrated greater BICs and DE compared to non-exercisers. Sports participation had no significant mediating power on the associations between BICs and DE; however, women with higher BMI and participating in leisure-time sports faced a greater risk for DE than women with higher BMI but not participating in sports. The promotion of a positive body image was important to students, especially female students with higher BMI and participating in leisure sports.

Keywords: body image concerns, disordered eating, physical activity, sport clubs, emerging adults.
Student’s Perception of Higher Education in Technical Universities and its Connection with Subsequent Professional Development (MSTU, MADI and MIREA - Comparative Analysis) (Continuation)
Authors: Nemtsov A.
Published: April 2021

This article is a continuation of the previous publication devoted to the presentation of the results of a comparative study of students of technical universities: University of Bauman, MADI and MIREA. These results were obtained using a sociological questionnaire with closed-type questions. The questionnaire contained nine main thematic blocks: 1. Professional choice; 2. Profession; 3. Study and education; 4. Educating; 5. Professional and personal competence; 6. Teachers; 7. Communication of students; 8. Humanitarian knowledge in the training of an engineer; 9. Intelligentsia. This article presets a theoretical approach to the problem under study. Some results obtained by the author earlier in the annual studies of MSTU students using the map of psychological and pedagogical monitoring, are presented and analyzed in detail. In particular, the data on relationship between personal characteristics and value orientation of students of technical specializations, (based on the material of the surveyed students of MSTU) with their attitude to study and ideas about their future career are presented.
Development of Scientific and Professional Creativity of Future Teacher
Authors: Murodova Z.
Published: April 2021

In this article, the author emphasizes that designing and planning the process of developing professional creativity in future teachers serves to ensure the effectiveness of this process.
Sex vs Gender: A Biological Location for Gender, not Sex.
Authors: Woodhill Bobbi , Samuels Curtis
Published: April 2021

The origins of bodily sex are well understood, but consensus on origins for gender is missing. While gonadal sex and sexual orientation are accepted as emanating from genetic and hormonal templates, gender’s existence, when acknowledged, currently has so far emanated from either social origins or a nebulous ‘somewhere’ in the brain. Although sex-related behavior characteristics relative to the physicality of reproduction are dimorphic, other cognitive behaviors relative to reproduction have not been explicitly identified and presented. This article synthesizes necessary research to present a biological location of gender as opposed to sex. These cognitive behaviors can be differentially linked with reproduction throughout the lifespan. A physiological location for gender in the human phenotype may help advance this research further.
Can Jellyfish Dream? Conceptual Representations in Unsupervised Generative Learning
Authors: Dolgikh Serge
Published: April 2021

Representations play essential role in learning of artificial and biologic systems by identifying characteristic patterns in the observed environment. In this work we examine unsupervised latent representations of image data with a collective of generative neural network models. A convolutional autoencoder with strong redundancy reduction was used to create low-dimensional latent representations of a dataset of geometrical shapes. The structure of the resulting latent representations was studied comprehensively with several methods, including density clustering, direct visualization, generative probing and scanning. It was demonstrated that latent representations have high level of consistency between individual learners and a well-defined geometrical and topological structure correlated with principal patterns in the observable data. The results of this work support the hypothesis that conceptual latent representations can emerge naturally in unsupervised generative learning under certain essential constraints and can be a natural platform for emergence of some intelligent functions and behaviors.