bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuenllana en los inicios de la Edad Moderna, según los libros de visita de la Orden de Santiago (1468-1550)
Authors: Moya García Concepción
Published: March 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es hacer un estudio de la población de Fuenllana a comienzos de la Edad Moderna, analizando su demografía, economía, sociedad y gobierno municipal. El trabajo incluye un estudio de los principales edificios de la localidad, como la casa de la encomienda, el horno de poya, el hospital, la iglesia parroquial y las ermitas, con su estructura, funciones y desarrollo, así como la religiosidad popular representada por las cofradías y capellanías.
Unmixing of Hyperspectral Data Using Spectral Libraries
Authors: Küçük Sefa , Yüksel Seniha Esen
Published: March 2020

In hyperspectral images,
pixels are found as a mixture of the spectral signatures of several materials,
especially when there is an insufficient spatial resolution. In recent years,
spectral libraries have provided spectral information of hundreds of materials
that allow the development of techniques to solve the problem of hyperspectral
unmixing in a semi-supervised fashion. These methods which are also known as
sparse regression techniques assume that mixed pixels are a sparse linear
combination of spectral signatures of materials in already available spectral
libraries. In this paper, the spectral mixing problem has been solved via
sparse separation methods. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) spectral
library is used to generate simulated hyperspectral data. A comparative
analysis is performed to determine which material signatures in the library are
mixed in the pixels by using the convex-relaxation-based sparse regression
methods. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Signal to Reconstruction Error (SRE)
and processing time of the algorithms are used as comparing criterions.
Moreover, Hinton diagrams are used to visualize which material signatures are
found in the library and the proportions of these found material signatures.
Heavy Metals Analysis of the Limpet Cellana Karachiensis (Winckworth 1930) from Two Rocky Shores of the Karachi Coasts of Pakistan
Authors: Zafar Fatima , Bat Levent , Mehmood Sidrah , Hussein Syed
Published: March 2020

In current years, observing the concentration of heavy metals in marine biota has received much awareness as the public are more aware about the healthy environment and food. Intensity of these metals in a huge range of finfish and shellfish would give baseline information for some of the toxic metals. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the presence and concentration of some heavy metals in the true limpet Cellana karachiensis a gastropod mollusk which is abundantly found at the intertidal to high tidal zones of different rocky shores of Sind and Baluchistan coasts of Pakistan. In the present study two distinct anthropogenic dynamic rocky shores i.e., Clifton and Mubarak village of Karachi coast was selected to analyse the heavy metals in soft tissues of C. karachiensis which accept as a good bio-indicator mollusk to observe heavy metal pollution awareness. The concentration of zinc (Zn), chrome (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in the soft tissue of the limpet C. karachiensis from two rocky shores in the Karachi coast has been measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (A Analyst 700) for monitoring metal contamination of samples. Accumulation of Zn was found highest followed by Cr, Cu, Pb and Cd in the months of July and August 2019 in Clifton shores. While at the same period the highest concentration was Zn followed by Cu, Cd, Cr and Pb at Mubarak village shore. It has been observed that, C. karachiensis at Clifton shore accumulated more than heavy metals that found at Mubarak village shore. The pattern of accumulation of Heavy metals at both sites of limpets did not exhibit much difference. ANOVA single factor and student t test was done for the statistical analysis of metal contents in soft tissues of C. karachiensis of both shores at (p<0.01) and observed statistically significant differences in the amounts of the Cu, Cd and Zn elements among the limpets of both rocky shores. Same as the significant result at p<0.01 and p<0.05 was observed in between the length size of limpets at Clifton and Mubarak Village rocky shores. Correlation studies carried out for the metal concentrations in limpet and shell length of the animal which did not show significant results except Cu at Mubarak village shore. The results were compared with previous studies and discussed.
Life Cycle Assessment of Construction of Water Supply Pipelines: A Case Study from Van, Turkey
Authors: Haidery Jaweed Ahmad , Baş Bilge
Published: March 2020

Pipelines that supply water from water resource to the reservoirs constitute an important part of water supply system construction. In this study, environmental impacts of construction of pipeline component of a water supply system in Van, Turkey are investigated using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. Construction of pipelines is executed using conventional open cut system. Life cycle inventory (LCI) of the study is generated using primary data gathered and GaBi Professional database is used for background processes. CML 2001 was the environmental impact assessment method used. According to the results, the main contributors to AP, FAETP, GWP, HTP, MAETP are raw materials used for the production of pipelines which are high density polyethylene granules and carbon black. Most of TETP is generated because of installation of pipelines and sand used for backfilling the pipe trenches is responsible of this. Production and installation of pipelines end up with ADP due to the used materials. Transportation activities executed during the construction of pipelines have environmental impacts in every category considered; however, their contribution is not significant compared to the other activities conducted.
Radiografía de tórax de control en pacientes con neumotórax postraumático asintomático
Authors: Correa Restrepo Julieta , Restrepo-Moreno Mónica , Peláez Luis Guillermo , Díaz Cadavid Rafael Díaz , López-Vasco Yuliana , Alejandra Rojas María , Mejía Toro David Alejandro , Morales Uribe Carlos Hernando
Published: March 2020

Introducción. El trauma de tórax tiene alta incidencia y el neumotórax es el hallazgo más frecuente. La literatura es escasa sobre qué hacer con los pacientes asintomáticos y con neumotórax por trauma de tórax penetrante.

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar cuáles son los hallazgos de la radiografía de control de los pacientes con trauma de tórax penetrante que no son llevados inicialmente a cirugía, y su utilidad para determinar la necesidad de un tratamiento adicional.

Métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de cohorte, incluyendo pacientes mayores de 15 años que ingresaron por trauma de tórax penetrante entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2017 y que no requirieron manejo quirúrgico inicial. Se analizaron los resultados de la radiografía de tórax, el tiempo de su toma y la conducta decidida según los hallazgos en los pacientes dejados inicialmente bajo observación.

Resultados. Se incluyeron 1.554 pacientes, cuya edad promedio fue de 30 años, 92,5 % del sexo masculino y 97% con herida por arma cortopunzante. Se dejaron 361 pacientes bajo observación con radiografía de control, de los cuales 186 (51,5 %) no presentaban alteraciones en su radiografía inicial, 142 tenían neumotórax menor del 30 % y 33 tenían neumotórax mayor del 30 %, hemoneumotórax o hemotórax. Se requirió toracostomía cerrada como conducta final en 78 casos, esternotomía o toracotomía en 2 casos y 281 se dieron de alta.

Conclusión. En pacientes asintomáticos con neumotórax pequeño o moderado y sin otras lesiones significativas, podrían ser innecesarios los largos tiempos de observación, las radiografías y la toracostomía cerrada.
Variational Bayes Inference for the DINA Model
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuhiro , Okada Kensuke
Published: March 2020

In this article, we propose a variational Bayes (VB) inference method for the deterministic input noisy AND gate model of cognitive diagnostic assessment. The proposed method, which applies the iterative algorithm for optimization, is derived based on the optimal variational posteriors of the model parameters. The proposed VB inference enables much faster computation than the existing Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, while still offering the benefits of a full Bayesian framework. A simulation study revealed that the proposed VB estimation adequately recovered the parameter values. Moreover, an example using real data revealed that the proposed VB inference method provided similar estimates to MCMC estimation with much faster computation.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Penyuluh Pertanian Terhadap Kepuasan Petani Dalam Pengembangan Usaha Tani Di Kabupaten Pidie
Authors: Mujiburrahmad Mujiburrahmad , Baihaqi Akhmad , Manyamsari Ira
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAgricultural activities still have a very strategic role in supporting national development, both for economic growth and equitable development. The strategic role of the agricultural sector for economic growth includes: food producers for the population of Indonesia, foreign exchange earners through exports, providers of industrial raw materials, increased employment and business opportunities, increased GDP, poverty alleviation and improvement of agricultural human resources through agricultural extension activities. The purpose of this study is to, (1) Knowing farmers' satisfaction with extension services in farming development in Pidie District, and (2) Knowing the relationship between the quality of agricultural extension services to the development of farming in Pidie District. This research was carried out in the Dayah Syarief Village, Mutiara District, Pidie District. The sample in this study were all farmers who numbered 90 people. The independent variables in this study are: (X1), Response (X2), Confidence (X3), Empathy (X4), Physical Evidence (X5) and Farmer Decision (Y) as the dependent variable. Data is collected using the survey method through a questionnaire filled out by Farmers. The data processing in this study will use the SPSS program (Statistical Package for the Social Science). The satisfaction of farmer with extension services in farming development in Busu Dayah Syarief Village, Mutiara District, Pidie District based on the results of research on Farmer Satisfaction variables obtained an average value of (4.18), so that respondents' assessment of the Farmer Satisfaction variable was influenced by variables of reliability, responsiveness , Belief, empathy and physical evidence. The relationship of the quality of agricultural extension services to the development of farming in Busu Dayah Syarief Village, Mutiara District, Pidie District, based on the results of the analysis concluded that of the five variables studied, it turns out the Confidence variable (X3) has the most dominant influence of 0.422% on Farmer Satisfaction. The relationship between the dependent and independent variables is each variable Reliability (X1), Responsiveness (X2), Confidence (X3), Empathy (X4), and Physical Evidence (X5) to Farmer Satisfaction with a correlation index of 0.978 or 97.8 % This means that the relationship is very strong. Then the index of determination of each variable Reliability (X1), Responsiveness (X2), Confidence (X3), Empathy (X4), and Physical Evidence (X5) is 0.957 or 95.7%, this means that the 5 variables have a significant effect towards farmer satisfaction in farming development, and by 4.3% which is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.Keywords: Extension, Farmers, Agriculture, Satisfaction.
‘Five patients at the early stage of the Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus outbreak’ - bacterial load is much higher than SARS-Cov2 load, Pseudomonas is a definite problem in one patient, and Prevotella is abundant in all patients
Authors: Chakraborty Sandeep
Published: March 2020

Here, I analyze the metagenome from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 5 Covid19 [1–3] patients from Wuhan (Accid:PRJNA605983, Table 1). There is no published study on this dataset yet.Very little viral loadThere is very little viral load (in the tens per million reads), similar to the metagenomic study in Brazil [4]. This is a very plausible cause for false negatives, as there is just not enough virus to detect. Thus, it is important to have a large set of RT-PCR primers to cover more of the genome.Much more bacterial loadWhile there are a wide range of bacteria, Pseudomonas has definitely colonized patient1, while patient5 seems to have have the least bacterial load. Pseudomonas is associated with several diseases, several of which (pneu- monia and septicemia) are relevant in Covid19 [5]. The bacterial species and their sequences are submitted in SI5patients on a per patient basis. These bacterial co-infections form the basis of hydroxychloroquine [6] and azithromycin working in clinical trials [7].
Nonlinear effects of linearly increasing perceptual load on ERPs to emotional pictures
Authors: Schindler Sebastian , gutewort laura , Bruchmann Maximilian , robert.moeck  , straube thomas
Published: March 2020

The prioritized processing of emotional as compared to neutral stimuli is reflected in enlarged event-related potentials (ERPs). However, perceptual load theory proposes that under conditions of high perceptual load, information processing is attenuated or abolished. The parametrical effects of load on ERPs to emotional pictures are unknown. To shed light on this question, the current preregistered ERP study (N = 30) systematically investigated effects of load on ERPs to task-irrelevant negative, neutral, and positive pictures. Crucially, while perceptual input was held constant, perceptual load increased linearly across four load levels, which was evident in behavioral data. In contrast, load effects on ERP differences to emotional vs neutral stimuli did not follow a linear function. For the N1, early posterior negativity (EPN), and late positive potential (LPP) a nonlinear function with even reversed emotion effects at the third load level provided the best fit. These findings do not only show that perceptual load attenuates emotional picture processing but also suggest that active processes are initiated to reduce distraction by emotional information. Moreover, these effects of perceptual load on emotional ERP components appear to deviate from theoretically expected functions.
A counterfactual simulation model of causal judgments for physical events
Authors: Gerstenberg Tobias , Goodman Noah D. , Lagnado David , Tenenbaum Joshua
Published: March 2020

How do people make causal judgments about physical events? We introduce the counterfactual simulation model (CSM) which predicts causal judgments in physical settings by comparing what actually happened with what would have happened in relevant counterfactual situations. The CSM postulates different aspects of causation that capture the extent to which a cause made a difference to whether and how the outcome occurred, and whether the cause was sufficient and robust. We test the CSM in several experiments in which participants make causal judgments about dynamic collision events. A preliminary study establishes a very close quantitative mapping between causal and counterfactual judgments. Experiment 1 demonstrates that counterfactuals are necessary for explaining causal judgments. Participants' judgments differed dramatically between pairs of situations in which what actually happened was identical, but where what would have happened differed. Experiment 2 features multiple candidate causes and shows that participants' judgments are sensitive to different aspects of causation. The CSM provides a better fit to participants' judgments than a heuristic model which uses features based on what actually happened. We discuss how the CSM can be used to model the semantics of different causal verbs, how it captures related concepts such as physical support, and how its predictions extend beyond the physical domain.
Interactions Between Methodological and Interindividual Variability: How Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) Task Contrast Maps Vary and Impact Associations with Behavior.
Authors: Demidenko Michael I , Karthik G , Weigard Alexander Samuel , Jang Hyesue , Jahn Andrew A. , Huntley Edward , Keating Daniel
Published: March 2020

Phenomena related to positive emotional valence and reward responsiveness have been extensively studied in psychology. These constructs have been linked to midbrain dopaminergic pathways central to the literature on psychopathologies and development, and their measurement is a key interest in task-based fMRI. One such task, used for almost twenty years, is the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task. By cueing and delivering performance contingent reward, this task has been demonstrated to elicit robust and distinct activation of neural circuits involved in different phases of reward responsiveness (e.g. anticipation and outcome). Despite the broad application of the MID task, systematic evaluations of common task contrasts have been limited to between study comparisons of mean level (or group level) activation maps. In this study, we systematically examine within-task and between-contrast differences in MID task activation maps and how these differences impact inferences about their correlations with psychological characteristics. In a sample of 104 participants (Age Mean = 19.3, SD = 1.3; Female 57%), we evaluate similarities between contrasts in group- and individual-level activation maps, region-of-interest activations and their correlations with psychological characteristics. Our findings demonstrate more similarities than differences between positive and negative cues during the anticipation contrast, dissimilarity between some positive anticipation contrasts, a robust deactivation effect in the outcome phase, and behavioral associations that are less robust than previously thought. This work has practical implications for helping researchers interpret prior MID studies and make more informed a priori decisions about contrasts to focus on in future work. Consistent with other recent findings from large neuroimaging samples, it also suggests that researchers using the MID to identify brain-behavior relationships may have to more carefully specify their contrasts in advance in order to reliably detect small, variable effects.
The Common Sense Model of Illness Self-Regulation: A Conceptual Review and Proposed Extended Model
Authors: Hagger Martin S , Orbell Sheina
Published: March 2020

The common sense model of illness self-regulation outlines the dynamic processes by which individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to health threats and illness-related information. An extended version of the model is proposed, which specifies additional constructs and processes to explain how lay perceptions of health threats impact coping responses and health-related outcomes. The extended model provides detail on: (a) the mediating process by which individuals’ illness representations relate to illness outcomes through adoption of coping procedures; (b) how illness representations are activated by presentation of health-threatening stimuli; (c) behavioral and treatment beliefs as determinants of coping procedures and illness outcomes alongside illness representations; and (d) effects of moderators of relations between cognitive representations, coping procedures, and illness outcomes. The extended model sets an agenda for future research that addresses knowledge gaps regarding how individuals represent and cope with health threats, and may inform effective illness-management interventions. We identify the kinds of research required to provide robust evidence for the extended model propositions. We call for research that employs incipient illness samples, utilizes designs that capture dynamic processes in the model such as cross-lagged panel and intervention designs, and adopts illness-specific measures of coping procedures rather than relying on generic instruments.
Book Review: Technically Together: Reconstructing Community in a Networked World
Authors: Rafalow Matthew H.
Published: March 2020

Social scientists know that technologies, new or old, do not inherently constitute community. A town hall is, after all, just a building; its walls take on meaning when people breathe social life through its doors, establish a shared purpose, and form relationships with one another. But so far scholars have not well evaluated existing theories of how digital technologies do, or do not, aid in the development of community. What’s missing is a reconciliation of contemporary manifestations of social interaction with classic sociological theories of community. Taylor Dotson tackles this challenge head-on, bolstered by a staunch critique of Barry Wellman’s theory of networked individualism, or the idea that digital technologies have transformed community life to sets of relationships are less local, more global, and centered on interests rather than local necessity. “Try getting a Facebook status update to help move a couch or stay for dinner,” Dotson huffs, in an early hook. Technically Together assembles a wealth of “technology” cases – not just digital devices or internet environs, but woodstoves, bars, cooperative business, and zoning structures – and applies a framework for evaluating whether each abets, or depresses, core tenets of community. Dotson denaturalizes assumptions of not only what counts as technologies (any structure, really) but also injects a perspective as to which are technologies of community.
Navigating the Tavern: Digitally-Mediated Connections and Relationship Persistence in Bar Settings
Authors: Rafalow Matthew H. , Adams Britni L.
Published: March 2020

The widespread adoption of digital communications technologies has provided new avenues for social interaction to occur. We build on the sociological literature of fleeting encounters in bar settings to show how patrons’ use of these technologies augments the bar experience and shapes the social networks that may develop through interaction. Using seven gay, lesbian, and heterosexual bars located in Southern California as research sites, we describe how patrons invoke digital technologies as props to aid the impression management strategies used to facilitate new connections. Second, we demonstrate how these encounters are subject to greater relationship persistence as a result of the way these technologies are used to quickly create a shared history. We conclude by arguing that fleeting encounters are no longer connections that either persist or completely fade away after face-to-face interaction. Rather, they often persist through technology-mediated communications in ways that result in, at minimum, the development of weak ties. This greater relationship persistence can permit more opportunity to get to know a potential partner in digitally mediated settings like Facebook or via texting, but it could also require new strategies to evade interested others given this new lack of ephemerality and the influx of weak ties.
La metodología «Análisis Envolvente de Datos» (DEA): Una aplicación a la producción de arroz en Uruguay
Authors: García Suárez Federico
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender cuáles son las prácticas que llevan a una chacra a estar en la frontera de producción de arroz e identificar las fuentes de ineficiencia productiva.La frontera se determinó utilizando la metodología «Análisis Envolvente de Datos» (DEA, por su sigla en inglés).Se determinaron cuatro tipos de eficiencia: técnica, de escala, de asignación y económica. En un segundo paso se estimó el efecto de las variables de manejo y ambientales sobre los resultados de eficiencia. La estimación se realizó mediante una regresión truncada debido a la naturaleza del proceso generador de datos. Los datos corresponden a 573 chacras de arroz de 26 productores diferentes y corresponden a las zafras entre 2004/05 y 2008/09. Son 10 las que chacras definen la frontera de producción considerando rendimientos constantes a escala (eficientes) y que el promedio de eficiencia técnica es de 0,6. Con rendimientos variables a escala el número de chacras eficientes aumenta a 25 y el promedio de eficiencia técnica aumenta a 0,74. Al considerar los precios de insumos y productos el número de chacras económicamente eficientes es tres y el promedio de eficiencia es 0,53. Los resultados de la regresión truncada sobre los distintos indicadores de eficiencia indican que los determinantes más importantes son la elección de variedades y el tipo de suelo. Tipo de siembra, tipo de laboreo y época de laboreo también tienen efectos significativos sobre algunos tipos de eficiencia.
Suplementación con glicerina cruda y afrechillo de arroz entero a vacas de carne pastoreando campo natural
Authors: Clariget Juan Manuel , Pérez-Clariget Raquel , Álvarez-Oxiley Andrea , Bentancur Oscar , Bruni María de los Ángeles
Published: March 2020

Con el objetivo de evaluar los efectos de la suplementación con glicerina cruda (GC) y afrechillo de arroz entero (AA) sobre la dinámica ruminal, la cinética de degradación de la materia seca (MS), el consumo de forraje y variables plasmáticas asociadas al balance energético en vacas de carne pastoreando campo natural, cuatro vacas fistuladas en el rumen fueron asignadas a un cuadrado latino 4 × 4 con un período adicional. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: suplementación con GC (550 mL/vaca/día), suplementación con AA (1kg de MS/vaca/día), suplementación con GC + AA (550 mL/vaca/día + 1 kg de MS/vaca/día) y sin suplementación (CON). La asignación diaria de forraje para todos los tratamientos fue 10 % del peso vivo. La GC asociada o no al AA disminuyó el pH ruminal en las primeras seis horas pos-suplementación, pero no afectó ningún parámetro de degradabilidad de la MS del forraje. Comparada con CON la suplementación con GC disminuyó el consumo de forraje pero no afectó el consumo de MS total ni de energía metabolizable (EM). Ni el consumo de forraje, ni el consumo total fueron diferentes entre la suplementación con GC + AA y AA, sin embargo el consumo de EM fue mayor para GC + AA en comparación con el resto. La suplementación con GC + AA aumentó la concentración plasmática de glucosa e insulina sin afectar la de B-hydroxibutirato. De los suplementos ensayados, la mezcla GC + AA (mayor nivel de suplemen-tación) logró los mejores resultados biológicos.
Uso de la radiación UV-C en el proceso de elaboración de hortalizas de IV gama*
Authors: Gutiérrez Diego , Ruiz López Gustavo , Sgroppo Sonia , Rodríguez Silvia
Published: March 2020

Uno de los principales factores que limita la vida útil de las hortalizas frescas es el crecimiento de microorganismos durante el almacenamiento refrigerado. Es por ello que durante la etapa de procesamiento de hortalizas de IV gama siempre se incluye una etapa de lavado y sanitización para reducir la contaminación microbiana inicial. El uso de radiación ultravioleta artificial (UV) a una longitud de onda de 190 a 280 nm (UV-C) tiene poder germicida y puede ser eficaz para la descontaminación de la superficie de frutas y hortalizas. Sin embargo, su eficacia antimicrobiana puede estar influenciada por las características y composición del producto. El tratamiento con UV-C ofrece varias ventajas a los procesadores de alimentos, ya que no deja residuos, no tiene restricciones legales, es fácil de usar, es letal para la mayoría de los tipos de microorganismos, y no requiere un equipo de seguridad complejo para ser implementado. Este trabajo evalúa la aplicación de la radiación UV-C en el proceso de elaboración de hortalizas de IV gama y concluye que podría ser una alternativa adecuada como agente sanitizante.
Psychometric Properties of the OSPRO–YF Screening Tool in Patients with Shoulder Pathology
Authors: Razmjou Helen , Palinkas Veronica , Robarts Susan , Kennedy Deborah
Published: March 2020

Purpose: The Optimal Screening for Prediction of Referral and Outcome Yellow Flag (OSPRO–YF) is a screening tool that incorporates many important psychosocial domains into one questionnaire to reduce the burden of completing multiple questionnaires. The objectives of this study were to examine the reliability and validity of the 10-item version of the OSPRO–YF with patients with shoulder conditions. Method: The study group consisted of injured workers with an active compensation claim for a shoulder injury. The control group consisted of patients with a complaint of shoulder pain but without a work-related shoulder injury. We examined reliability (internal consistency, test–retest) and validity (factorial, convergent, known groups). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand; and the short Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire were used for comparison. Results: Eighty patients had an active compensation claim, and 160 were in the control group. The intra-class correlation coefficient values for two observations of the domain scores varied from 0.91 to 0.94. The test–retest reliability of the dichotomous constructs was moderate to perfect for 8 of 11 constructs. The 10-item OSPRO–YF questionnaire had three distinct domains, as conceptualized by the developers: mood, fear avoidance, and positive affect–coping. The Cronbach’s a coefficients for these domains were 0.88, 0.94, and 0.94, respectively. The associations between the psychological constructs and domains and the similar theoretically derived scales were moderate to high and in the expected direction. Of the 11 constructs of the OSPRO–YF, 10 differentiated between patients with and without a work-related injury ( p-values ranging from 0.028 to < 0.001). Conclusions: The 10-item OSPRO–YF reduces the burden of using multiple questionnaires and has acceptable test–retest and internal consistency reliability and factorial, convergent, and known-groups validity.
The artificial morality of private law: The persistence of an illusion
Authors: Murphy Liam
Published: March 2020

In the public at large, property and contract law are commonly thought to reflect moral proprietary and promissory rights. Contemporary philosophers are mostly sceptical about natural property rights, though not about promissory rights. I argue at length that contract and promise, no less than property, can only be justified instrumentally – by appeal to the social good that these conventional practices produce. The aims of these practices need not be limited to social welfare but can include social justice and values more closely connected to the subject matter of the practices. The illusion that the law of the market reflects individual natural rights is harmful to public political discourse about institutional design. For example, it leads to ungrounded ideas about a right to freedom of contract and severely distorts the discussion of tax policy. The tenaciousness of this illusion deserves investigation. Promise and property are backed up and enforced by contract and property law. These legal orders necessarily take the form of a set of rules that specify legal rights and obligations. Living our lives in a social world structured in significant part by the law of the market, it is very hard to see those legal rights and obligations as not reflecting a deontological order of moral rights and obligations. We have here a case where misunderstanding the formation of legal normative orders leads us astray in our understanding of moral normative orders. This in turn hinders us in our ability to see clearly what the options for morally sound reform of the legal normative orders may be.
ДІАГНОСТИЧНІ КРИТЕРІЇ ЧОЛОВІЧОЇ ІНФЕРТИЛЬНОСТІ: ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ ТА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ВЛАСНИХ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕНЬ
Authors: Ломейко Олена Олександрівна
Published: March 2020

The main diagnostic criteria for determining male infertility are provided in the article. The authors considered the mechanisms of impaired spermogenesis under the influence of unfavourable professional factors on the example of the evaluation of endocrine status, spermogram indicators and ultrasound examination of blood flow in the main testicular vessels of 187 patients who were exposed to low (43) or high (38) temperatures during their professional activity, worked under conditions of prolonged stress (58 people), were in contact with agricultural fertilizers and toxic chemicals (48 people) and 25 healthy men (control group). The results of the study conducted by the authors indicate a number of disorders of the morpho-functional state of sperm in men, depending on the specific production environment. The data obtained can be further used to develop a scientifically proven algorithm for correction of the discussed pathology, which is of great practical importance for family doctors, specialists in reproductologists, urologists and doctors dealing with occupational diseases.
ИСТОРИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНО- ПРАВОВОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА В СФЕРЕ СПОРТА И СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО СПОРТИВНОГО ПРАВА КАК ОТРАСЛИ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПРАВА, ОТРАСЛИ НАУКИ И УЧЕБНОЙ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ
Authors: Фаррух Каюмов
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the development of international cooperation in the field of sports. The author studies the main factors that influenced the formation of cooperation in this direction and identifies the main stages in its development. The author considers the development of international sports law not only as a branch of law, but also as a branch of science and academic discipline.
Kelebihan dan Kekurangan Penerapan Family Numbering System di Puskesmas Dinas Kesehatan Kota Surakarta
Authors: Janti Harjanti , Wariyanti Astri Sri
Published: March 2020

The numbering system is one of the identification systems used to distinguish one patient's medical record file from another patient. Numbering system in the Surakarta Family Health Service Area Region Health Center Region. The implementation of the numbering system is experiencing problems, if there are patients who move or live separately the Head of the Family takes longer to register the patient, because the Officer will provide a new medical record number, create a new medical record document and a new folder for the patient. The research objective is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the implementation of the Family Numbering System. A qualitative analysis research method with a case study approach. Sample 16 health centers with saturated sampling techniques. Data collection is done by observation, interview and FGD. The results of the study are the advantages of saving storage space, ease of retrieval and return of documents, ease of access to family-based documents while the weakness of the registration time is longer in the event of separation of the head of the family or moving residence. It is recommended that policies be made for all Puskesmas if there are patients who move house or separate families, maximizing the use of tracers by adding information to the tracer including name, medical record number, date and borrower unit.AbstrakSistem penomoran merupakan salah satu sistem identifikasi yang digunakan untuk membedakan berkas rekam medis satu pasien dengan pasien yang lain. Sistem penomoran di Puskesmas Wilayah Dinas Kesehatan Surakarta Family Numbering System. Pelaksanaan sistem penomoran ini mengalami kendala yaitu jika ada pasien yang pindah tempat tinggal ataupun pisah Kepala Keluarga membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama dalam mendaftar pasien, dikarenakan Petugas akan memberikan nomor rekam medis baru, membuat dokumen rekam medis baru dan folder yang baru untuk Pasien.  Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi kelebihan dan kelemahan penerapan Family Numbering System. Metode penelitian analisis kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Sampel 16 puskesmas dengan tehnik sampling jenuh. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan FGD. Hasil penelitian yaitu kelebihan hemat tempat penyimpanan, kemudahan pengambilan dan pengembalian dokumen, kemudahan akses dokumen berbasis keluarga sedangkan kelemahan waktu pendaftaran lebih lama jika terjadi pisah Kepala Keluarga atau pindah tempat tinggal.  Disarankan adanya penentuan kebijakan untuk semua Puskesmas jika ada pasien yang pindah rumah atau pisah KK,  memaksimalkan penggunaan tracer dengan menambahkan informasi pada tracer meliputi nama, nomor rekam medis, tanggal dan unit peminjam.
Winthrop College in the Sixties: Campus Protests, Southern Style
Authors: Angulo A.J. , Graham Leland
Published: March 2020

This study will examine campus protests at Winthrop College during the 1960s in relation to three main developments. First, the paper will explore the topic of integration. Emphasis will be placed on student responses to the admission of Winthrop's first African American students. Second, the paper will examine how parietals came to an end. Attention will be given to the regulations that governed student life and the process that removed them from campus policy. And finally, the paper will describe events and crises, some of which were manufactured by the campus itself, leading to the decision to make Winthrop a coeducational institution. While the final decision came in the early seventies, students and administrators had taken unusual steps to press the issue since the very beginning of the sixties
The Narrow Window
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

This morning, the church bell rang for quite a long while, announcing the death of a notable from our village. It is the traditional call still used in many villages, although in many others it has been replaced by hanging obituary notes on walls.
For Your Library
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Accad, Evelyne: Des Femmes, Des Hommes et la Guerre: Fiction et Realite au Moyen-Orient (Women, Men and War: Fiction and Reality in the Middle East) Paris: Cote-Femmes Editions. 1993. ISBN 2-907883-55-0
Dr. Edma Abouchdid, 1909-1992
Authors: Akrawi Najla T.
Published: March 2020

Edma Abouchdid was only fifteen when, in 1923, she decided to pursue a medical career. The principal of the American School for Girls (ASG), an American woman from the Presbyterian Mission was astounded for since the foundation of that school in 1834, no graduate had ever aspired for higher education, let alone in a co-educational field.
Tunisiennes en Devenir
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Iami!a Binous, Fathia Harzallah, Samira Hamzaoui, Habiba Ben Romdhane, Dorra Mahfoud Draoui, Lea-Vera Tahar Bakoutiand Preface by Fatima Memissi. Comment Vivent Les Femmes. Tunisiennes En Devenir - AFTURD, Ouvrage Collectif. Tunis Ceres Productions. 1992. ISBN 9973-700-77-5 or 9973-700-74-0(1).
Patriarchy in Love Songs
Authors: Awar Nada
Published: March 2020

In this article I will discuss the romantic behavior of an Arab woman by analyzing the lyrics of two love songs and by studying the effects of such songs on both males and females.
Jerusalem and I, by Hala Sakakini
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

Jerusalem and I - Author: Hala Sakakini
Never Married Women
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

Success and happiness do not depend on marriage nor on single life, but on the ability of the individual to acquire a strong, balanced and self-relying personality.
Women Campaign Globally for an Equal Say at UN "Fate of the Earth" Conference
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Women Campaign Globally for an Equal Say at UN "Fate of the Earth" Conference
Who Should Define Freedom for University Female Residents?
Authors: Abul-Husn Randa
Published: March 2020

The war produced many observable changes in Lebanon. One obvious change is the deterioration of the country's infra-structure, such as tele-communication, roads, public transportation and socio-political demography. These facilities, if we may call them as such, acted as stimuli for other changes, positive changes?!
Participation of Women in the Profession of Judges in Lebanon: Judge Dr. Mohamad Ali Chekhaibe
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

In another interview, we approached Judge Dr. Mohamad Ali Chekhaibe as a Professor of Law in the Judge Institute. We asked him to share with us some of his observations about women in the profession of judges in Lebanon. We also asked him to describe the behavior of female students in his classrooms at the Judge Institute. His remarks were rather encouraging.
The False Hair-Piece
Authors: Al Amir Daisy
Published: March 2020

Daisy Al Amir is a well known Iraqi poetess, novelist and short story-writer. She was born in Iraq and educated in Lebanon.She served as press and Cultural Attache at the Iraqi Embassy in Beirut for several years. Some of her publications are: The Faraway Country that She LovesAnd the Wave Comes BackThe Cycle of Love and HatredPromises for SaleOn the Waiting List
Women's Image in Arabic Fiction
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

In a study of 80 middle sized pages, Dr. Latifeh ez-Zayyat, Head of the English Department at Ain-Shams University, Egypt, presents the image of woman in the Arabic novels and short stories which appeared during the second half of the 20th century, particularly between 1960 and 1980, i.e. the period which was marked by important political and social changes in the Arab East.
Position of Women in Korea
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Abstract of a paper prepared by the Korean Women's institute, Ewha Women's University, Seoul, Korea, May 1988.
New Books in IWSAW
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

New Books in IWSAW
Three Generations of Graduates
Authors: Hammoud Nuha Tabbara
Published: March 2020

Great painters are distinguished from ordinary ones by their inner vision, originality and innovation; they achieve this by years of strenuous work and experiments in the different media: charcoal, oil, water color, gouache, acrylic and others.
Psychological Differences Between Men and Women
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

In discussing differences between males and females, people are generally inclined to consider the existing physical differences as the chief source of their divergence in character and in social behavior. In this respect, scientists are divided into two groups: the first, headed by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), affirms the existence of a strong relationship between the biological and the psychological differences, making the latter a direct result of the former; while another group insists on denying that relationship and considers the differences in character as a result of non-biological factors.
Lebanese Women Came out of the War Stronger, More Self Confident and Assuming More Responsibilities
Authors: Samara Maha
Published: March 2020

The transfer of a large number of families from the village to the city by default, contributed to the change of image, first of the Lebanese woman and second of her role in society.
Fi Tareek-el-Hayat (Traversing the Road of Life)
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

First edition , Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World.(Beirut 1987) 268 pages.
Simone de Beauvoir
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Simone de Beauvoir is a prominent writer and feminist who was awarded the prize Goncourt in 1954 for her novel Les Mandarins (The Mandarins) . She passed away in April 1986 in France.
Unwinding Threads, by Charlotte Bruner
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Bruner, Charlotte. Unwinding Threads. London : Heinemann,1984.
Nabiha Ben Milad
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Interview with Nabiha Ben Milad
Women and Literature
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

The «gift of the tongue» has been generally acknowledged as one of women's chief aptitudes. In world mythology and history, women performed several roles requiring eloquence and fluency
Women and War in Lebanon
Authors: Stephan Wafa
Published: March 2020

One of the characteristics of war is that it unbalances or destroys the social and mental structures of the people it affects. This imbalance can vary from a partial to a total change in norms, customs, and social roles. The ultimate impact depends on the intensity and duration of the
Iman Khalifeh
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

Iman Khalifeh, initiator of the Peace Movement in Lebanon will be going to Stockhom on the 7th of December 1984 to receive, together with three other women from India, the Philippines and Kenya, the Right to Livelihood Alternative Nobel Prize for Peace.
Impressions, Cedres et Cendres, by Evelyne Accad
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Novelist, song -writer, poet and professor of comparative literature at Illinois University (USA), Evelyne Accad visited Lebanon on a Fulbright Grant to teach Women's Studiesat Beirut University College. From January to June 1984 and despite a heavy teaching schedule and worsening security conditions, Evelyne managed to write a sizeable part of her forthcoming novel «Cedars and Ashes» which is about thewar in Lebanon. Al-Raida is proud to publish the first excerpts of this book
Amina Shafiq: Women and labor Unions in Egypt
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Amina Shafiq is currently the onIy female board member of the Egyptian Press Syndicate, and the only journalist who has been elected for four consecutive times - since 1971 - to this post.
Parle Mon Fils, Parle a ta Mere, by Leila Sebbar
Authors: Accad Evelyne
Published: March 2020

Parle Mon Fils, Parle a ta Mere, by Leila Sebbar
European Women Criticise the Media
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

A Council of Europe seminar held on 21-23 June in Strasbourg, France met to discuss "The Contribution of the Media to the Promotion of Equality between Women and Men".
Woman Through 17 Stories
Authors: Ghurayyib Rose
Published: March 2020

This is the latest book wri tten by the Lebanese novelistEmily Nasrallah in Arabic. Its title is " Al Mar'a Fi Sabaata Ashara Quissa'. Nawfal Publishing House, 1984.
Miriam Cooke, Claire Gebeyli
Authors: Stephan Wafa
Published: March 2020

One of the highlights of the month of June at Beirut University College was the lecture given by Dr. Miriam Cooke of Duke University on "Women's Literary Responses to the LebaneseCivil War".
Population Problems in Egypt
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

The High Dependency Ratio, A Challenge for Economic Development
Tribute to Nadia Tueni
Authors: Gardiner Elaine
Published: March 2020

Nadia Tueni, a great woman poet of Lebanon was snatched away by death on the 20th of June 1983, after a long battle with illness. Those who knew her, and those who didn't, mourned her; for she knew how to perfectly express the often forgotten ties existing between people and their land, beauty and destruction, love and hatred, life and death .
Freedom Cannot Be One-Sided
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

I know a woman who tried to win her freedom by obtaining a divorce from a despotic husband and securing a job in a well-established firm. When I met her after a few years' work, she said she was still not happy because her boss was no less despotic than her husband. Though she found compensation in economic independence, she was morally enslaved.
Rest House "Oznam", Batroun, Lebanon
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

On the occasion of the International Year of the Elderly and the 150th Anniversary of the St. Vincent de Paul Society in Lebanon, the Batroun Section of this society has finished the elaboration of the project of a rest house for the elderly, named "Oznam",
Second National Conference On Demographic Policies
Authors: American University Lebanese
Published: March 2020

Organized by the Lebanon Family Planning Association, this conference was held on 1-3 April, 1982, at the A.U.B. Medical Library and attended by representatives of the Lebanese ministries, delegates of universities, of U.N. agencies, vocational and cultural institutions, research institutes, LFPA officers, observers and journalists.
Algerian Women in their Apartment
Authors: Tahite Claude
Published: March 2020

This is the title of six short stories recently published by Assia Djebar (21, in which she develops a single theme: the marginal status of Algerian women. Discovering the present through the past, she tries to detect the traditional " structure of the seraglio" or harem in the present way of life.