bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association Between Playing Video Games, General Health and Academic Performance of Fasa Mid-Schools Boy Students
Authors:   Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran, Khiyali Zahra , Fereidouni Armin ,   Department of Operating Room Technology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Jafarzadeh Saeedeh ,   Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran, Dehghan Azizollah ,   Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran, Teymoori Esmaeil ,   Department of Operating Room Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Nowadays, children and teenagers are heavily influenced by video games. Excessive video games may affect children's physical and mental health as well as academic performance. Objectives: The present study aimed at determining the correlation between playing video games and general health as well as academic performance of Fasa mid-schools boy students at Iranian secondary school level. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 boy students at secondary school level in Fasa, Fars Province, Iran. The subjects were selected through multistage cluster random sampling method. The data were collected using a three-part questionnaire including demographic information, information about how to use video games. and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS22, descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, t-test, and Chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Findings revealed that there was a significant direct correlation between the amount of video game use and overall general health (r=0.25, P=0.03); a significant inverse relationship was also found between the amount of video game use and academic performance of the students in first (r=-0.41, P=0.002), second (r=-0.30, P=0.02) and third grade (r=-0.42, P=0.02) of mid school students. There was no significant difference in the general health between the two types of game played. There was also a significant relationship between students' academic performance categories and the type of video game (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that video games can play a crucial role in the general health and academic performance of students. Thus, it is vital that parents pay more attention to the duration of playing and type of games their children play.
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Safety Status in a Medical Centre: Experience from Implementing Standard Safety System
Authors:   Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Vatani Javad , Yousefzadeh Shahrokh ,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medical, Guilan Road Trauma Researches Center, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran., Mohammadjani Kumeleh Shiva ,   Department of Occupational Health and Safety, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Mehrabian Fardin ,   Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Davoudi-Kiakalayeh Ali ,   Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: An accident is an unforeseen occurrence that happens in all organs, including medical centers, due to unsafe conditions and practices which cause damage and sometimes irreparable injuries. Establishing safety system in the medical center seek to prevent harm to both patients and health care professionals. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess safety status in a medical center before and after implementing standard safety system. Materials & Methods: This case-study was carried out among the staff of a hospital in Guilan province, Iran in 2018-2019. The information was collected through observation and interview with staff and checking the observance of instructions and safety tips. Then, the possibility of needle stick injury was identified by calculating accident indices. human errors were assessed using risk assessment using Systematic human error reduction and prediction approach (SHERPA). Results: A total of 9 departments of a selected hospital were studied and the accident and human errors were identified. The recurrence rate of the accident in 2019 compared to 2018 had a decreasing rate from 11.36 to 4.09 (safe_T_score=-3.14). Risk assessment using SHERPA method in the gynecology ward revealed 4 important types of errors in this department. Conclusion: There was considerable reduction in frequency and severity of needle stick injuries after establishment of safety system in the hospital. The SHERPA method, detailed the task errors and specific remedial measure to correct the task. The results of this study can be helpful for medical staff, managers, employers, and safety experts in identifying and preventing the causes of the accident.
Stigma, Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life Among Patients With Hepatitis C in Iran
Authors:   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, Movahedi Masoumeh , Moshirpanahi Shiva ,   Department of Clinical psychology, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Mokhayeri Yaser ,   Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Rahimi Hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, Almasian Mohammad ,   School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran, Bastami Fatemeh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Hepatitis C is one of the most challenging viral infections worldwide. Patients with hepatitis C may experience some disease-related stigma. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate perceived stigma and its role in predicting anxiety, depression, and quality of life among patients with hepatitis C. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in behavioral counseling centers of three cities, i.e., Khorramabad, Boroujerd and Noorabad, located in the western part of Iran, from May to August 2019. Stratified multistage sampling was used to select 144 patients diagnosed with hepatitis C. The WHOQOL-BREF Scale, Stigma Impact Scale (SIS), Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory, Second Edition (BAI) were used to collect the data. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of covariates on stigma and quality of life. The Stata 16 software was used to analyze the data at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean perceived stigma was 66.805 ± 1.291 with social rejection and social isolation achieving the highest scores (23.409 ± 0.551, 20.208 ± 0.437). In the multivariate regression model, depression (B=0.7, 95%; CI: 0.5, 0.89) and anxiety (B=0.21, 95%; CI: 0.02, 0.41) had direct significant associations with stigma independent of age, sex, marital status, and occupation. Depression (B=-0.27, 95%; CI:-0.47, -0.07), anxiety (B=-0.33, 95%; CI: -0.5, -0.16), and stigma (B=-0.41, 95%; CI: -0.56, -0.26) were inversely associated with patients’ quality of life. Conclusion: This study found a high perceived stigma score among HCV patients. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with stigma. The quality of life of HCV patients were inversely associated with depression, anxiety, and stigma scores.
Prioritize the Dimensions of Agile Hospital Supply Chain with Combination of Interpretive Structural Modeling and Analytic Network Process
Authors:   Department of management, Economic and Accounting, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran, Siahkal Mahalleh Alireza Hatam , Mehregan Mohammad Reza ,   Department of Management, School of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Yousefzadeh Shahrokh ,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medical, Guilan Road Trauma Researches Center, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: Hospital supply chain management (SCM) agility requires finding the main and effective dimensions, prioritizing, communicating between them and analyzing these dimensions in relation to each other. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify different dimensions of the hospital SCM agility, proposing a model of the hospital SCM agility and determining the relationships between dimensions of agility, and prioritizing, analyzing, and interpreting dimensions of the hospital SCM agility. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on the physicians, nurses and staff working at public hospitals affiliated to Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Delphi technique was used to determine the dimensions of agility, interpretive-structural modeling approach was used for analysis. Network analysis was used to prioritize the dimensions of agility Results:‌ In the literature review 16 dimensions of agility were identified. The final model of agile supply chain management has 8 levels; cost reduction placed at the highest level and organizational leadership commitment was at the lowest level. Cost reduction dimensions were the highest priority and organizational culture was the lowest priority in the final network analysis. Conclusion: Agile supply chain management has very important and complex elements. Neglecting to monitor their changes can cause irreparable and profound damage to the medical sector. Interpretive-structural approach and network analysis create a constructive and effective method to model, analyze, and prioritize the dimensions of agile supply chain management.
Metacognitive Beliefs, Emerging Adulthood Identity, and Mediating Role of Mental Health: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Sadati Camelia , Namvar Hooman ,   Department of Psychology, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran., Nasrolahi Bita ,   Department of Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: November 2022

Background: The mental health of young people is highly influenced by the identity exploration processes, social origin of identity, and information processing styles. Objectives: The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of metacognitive beliefs on dimensions of emerging adulthood (EA) identity mediated by mental health in university students. Materials & Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the statistical population included all male and female, 18-25-year-old university students of the public universities of Tehran in 2020-21. The study sample consisted of 178 students selected through convenience sampling. The research instruments included Arnett's Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA), Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), and Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: Metacognitive beliefs was directly associated with mental health (β=0.61, P=0.001) and instability/negativity (β=0.24, P=0.010). Moreover, mental health had a significant positive association with instability/negativity (β=0.25, P=0.004) and a significant inverse association with possibilities/optimism (β=-0.23, P=0.018). The relationship between metacognitive belief with instability/negativity and possibilities/optimism was partly mediated by mental health. Conclusion: It is necessary to pay special attention to metacognitive beliefs as a factor affecting some EA dimensions such as instability/negativity and possibilities/optimism. Mental health should also be considered as the mediator in the association relationship between metacognitive beliefs and EA dimensions. Based on the results of the present study, it is recommended to hold training workshops on metacognitive strategies to improve their mental health and form identity styles.
The significance of coronavirus disease 2019 in dentistry: A scoping review
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pardis International Branch, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Masoudi Rad Nikou , Rabiei Maryam ,   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Samami Mohammad ,   Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Published: November 2022

Background: The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on dental profession, and COVID-19 prevention and control have been the topic of numerous investigations. Objectives: This study aimed to review and present the most effective strategies for prevention and control of COVID-19 before, during, and after dental procedures in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. Materials and methods: This scoping review was conducted according to the five stages of conduct proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The latest findings available in most accredited databases and scientific websites including Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar, and the guidelines recommended by the World Health Organization and Center for Disease Control and Prevention were searched using the following MeSH terms: “COVID-19”, “Dentistry”, “Infection Control”, and “SARS-CoV-2”. Irrelevant articles, duplicates, and those not meeting the eligibility criteria were excluded. The remaining 24 eligible articles were reviewed. Results: After data analysis, an efficient protocol for dental procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic was tabulated, which included emergency treatments only, preoperative rinsing of an effective mouthwash, patient triage, principles of personal protection for patients and the staff, aerosol elimination from the office, efficient disinfection of the environment, and specific measures for different dental procedures. Conclusion: Dental clinicians can play a pivotal role in prevention of COVID-19 transmission by precise adherence to the protocols, updating their knowledge, and educating patients prior to their visit. Accordingly, they can fulfill their professional responsibility in treatment of emergency cases and other patients. Despite the ongoing global vaccinations against the COVID-19, genetic mutations that occur in the viral genome over time can still challenge the future of dental profession.
Increased Bending Strength in Beam Samples Using Waste Textile Fibers
Authors: Özodabaş Aylin
Published: November 2022

High-ductility concrete has been found to lessen the number of fatalities during earthquakes since it absorbs more energy. In this study, the tensile strength region of the beam components in the constructions was enhanced by the use of waste textile fabrics, which also increased the ductility in that area. 10 x 10 x 50-centimeter concrete beam samples were filled with a predetermined number of waste textile fabrics that had been chopped into 2 cm long threads. Class C25 concrete was used according to TS 500 standard. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was used according to TS EN 12350 standard. It is understood that the results are somewhat improved by the bending values of the beam samples as compared to the prepared reference sample. Waste fibers are believed to help produce recyclable, ecologically friendly concrete by being used in concrete. Additionally, the ANSYS program's finite element method was used to examine the growing stress zones in beams.
The intersection between elected representatives and threatened species recovery
Authors: Kindler Gareth , Kearney Stephen , Kusmanoff Alex , Ward Michelle , Fuller Richard , LLoyd Thomas , Bekessy Sarah , Gregg Emily , Stewart Romola , Watson James
Published: November 2022

A core objective of the conservation movement is to motivate government decision-makers into delivering critical policy changes to abate the global species extinction crisis. Using Australia as a case study, we showcase a way of highlighting the intersection between a nation’s elected representatives and extant threatened species. We analyse the relationship between Australia’s 151 Commonwealth Electoral Divisions (CEDs) and the distributions of 1,651 nationally listed threatened species. We show all CEDs contain at least 14 threatened species and nearly half of the species analysed (n=801, 49%) are confined to just one CED (n=44), with 1345 (81%) species intersecting with < five CEDs. These findings demonstrate the importance of enumerating the crisis to better understand the responsibility elected representatives have to their local region and constituents. Linking species distributions to political geography creates data that can be used by the conservation movement to motivate environmental accountability and leadership.
SONO NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: Koenig de Lima Laíse , Ribeiro de Novais Júnior Linério , Bang Hannah , Luise Denicol Taís , Costa Bernades Gabriela , Vieira Scarlatelli Lima Bardini Aline , Lin Jaime
Published: November 2022

O sono é uma condição fisiológica da atividade cerebral dos humanos, em que ocorre alterações de mobilidade, motricidade e também no estado de consciência. Desta maneira, fez-se uma revisão sistemática de artigos sobre os distúrbios do sono, principalmente, focada na atenção primária em saúde. Os assuntos abordados foram  insônia, distúrbios respiratórios do sono, parassonia, tanto a Rapid Eye Movement (REM) quanto a não REM (NREM), hipersonia/narcolepsia e distúrbios sono-vigília do ritmo circadiano. Assim,  a revisão fornece características gerais das patologias, a busca diagnóstica e terapêutica das mesmas, com intuito não só de auxiliar os médicos da atenção primária no rastreio e intervenção adequada, mas também como parte da prática clínica ao ampliar o racicínio de diagnósticos diferenciais.
Guias sobre crises não epilépticas psicogênicas para pacientes e médicos
Authors: Knochenhauer André Enoch , Froehner Giullia Victória , Lunardi Mariana dos Santos , Schwarzbold Marcelo Liborio , Moreira Adriana Boschi , Lin Katia
Published: November 2022

As crises não epilépticas psicogênicas (CNEP) são classificadas como um transtorno conversivo e possuem uma etiologia psicogênica. Apesar de haver diferenças semiológicas claras entre as CNEPs e as crises epilépticas, ambas as condições são frequentemente confundidas e, geralmente, são inicialmente tratadas como epilepsia até que o diagnóstico seja corrigido. Ademais, há a possibilidade de um indivíduo apresentar ambas as condições. Desse modo, o diagnóstico errôneo é um fator de deterioro prognóstico dos indivíduos acometidos somente por CNEP em consequência do tratamento inadequado da condição, o que pode perdurar por anos. Assim, deve-se preconizar a difusão do conhecimento e a conscientização sobre o que são CNEPs, sua prevalência e sua importância, a fim de que haja um menor intervalo de tempo entre o início dos sintomas e seu diagnóstico, melhorando, por conseguinte, a qualidade de vida do paciente. Assim, é objetivo deste trabalho a criação de dois infográficos: um destinado à população geral e o outro, aos médicos, com a finalidade de fornecer informações e de conscientizar a população sobre os principais tópicos acerca das CNEPs, visando alcançar os objetivos supracitados.
Crises não epilépticas psicogênicas: um guia em vídeo
Authors: Knochenhauer André Enoch , Froehner Giullia Victória , Moreira Adriana Boschi , Lin Katia
Published: November 2022

As crises não epilépticas psicogênicas (CNEP) caracterizam-se como episódios de alterações de movimentos, sensações ou experiências bastantes similares a crises epilépticas. No entanto, elas não possuem uma causa neurológica bem estabelecida, nem estão associadas a alterações da atividade elétrica cerebral. As CNEP acometem uma parcela significativa da população brasileira que, de modo frequente, possui o diagnóstico errôneo de epilepsia ao invés de CNEP. Desse modo, os indivíduos com CNEP sofrem por anos pelos efeitos iatrogênicos de um tratamento inadequado com fármacos anticrises. É objetivo do presente trabalho, portanto, criar um infográfico digital informando os principais aspectos das CNEPs de forma clara e objetiva, em linguagem acessível, com a finalidade de conscientizar a população sobre esse tema. O resultado está disponível em https://youtu.be/yY_OLP9e3iE
Distanciamento Social
Authors: Almeida Fernanda Bagio , Ronzani Filipe Gonçalves , Klock Diurlhane Mainara , Coelho Iara Souza
Published: November 2022

Infográfico com orientações gerais para o distanciamento social durante a pandemia COVID-19
Tratamento da Pseudoartrose Congênita de Tíbia com Método de Ilizarov: Relato de Caso
Authors: Della Mea Vivian Pena Della Mea Pena , Costa Nascimento Karine Thamires , Costa Fernandes Aloisio Alan , Braga Iago Oliveira , De Souza Oliveira Larissa Feli , Santos Isabela Borges , Vasconcellos Amanda Rocha , Soares Barbosa Sabrina Suellem , Barbosa Kaio Soares , Gonçalves Moreira Kleber Henrique , Aguiar Daniel Oliveira , Almeida Felpe Braga
Published: November 2022

A Pseudoartrose Congênita de Tíbia (PCT) é uma falha de consolidação óssea com rara incidência, podendo se apresentar ao nascer ou nos primeiros meses de vida. Nesse relato de caso, a paciente apresenta PCT sem neurofibromatose associada e encurtamento de 12cm do membro inferior direito, sendo utilizado o fixador externo de Ilizarov para correção da imperfeição. Tal método, por possuir 32 elementos, constitui um excelente fixador capaz de se adequar a várias localizações e deformidades. Logo, o presente relato de caso visa demonstrar o resultado de uma correção de PCT com o método de Ilizarov.
Values-Based Leadership (VBL): Evidences from Selected School Leaders of Samar, Philippines
Authors: SABLAD ROSYBELLE
Published: November 2022

In the formidable tasks of school leaders during these years, their challenges encountered in managing schools, teachers, and students, and the dire need to successfully implement quality education underscored the application of values as they lead their respective schools towards the attainment of the national educational goal. Values-based leadership (VBL) generally guides them to overcome daily school operations. Hence, this study was conducted to explore the views and perceptions of school leaders of Samar on values-based leadership (VBL), to examine their experiences as they apply VBL, and to probe their coping mechanisms in difficulties encountered. With phenomenology as the main method of inquiry, all participants ascertained positive views of VBL as it influences and motivates teachers and other school stakeholders. VBL gives assurance to help teachers grow as it is achieved during a heart to heart talk with the concerned teachers. However, conflicting values of teachers and being misunderstood were disclosed as the difficulties they experienced while using VBL. Nonetheless, they manage to surpass challenges by treating everyone with impartiality and by being consistent in the decision-making. This research concludes that the personal values of selected school leaders in Samar have a greater influence on their daily journey as they lead their teachers, students, and other stakeholders. All participants’ narratives would certainly impart potential enlightenment among school leaders from various schools experiencing similar instances.
The Relevance of Non-verbal Communication in the Covid’19 Nigerian Environment
Authors: Okeke Fidelia Azuka , Chukwu Uche Ken , EMODI LIVINA NKIRUKA
Published: November 2022

Human beings, in their various environments, communicate their ideas, feelings, and life experiences through verbal or non-verbal means. The way people speak, move their bodies, gesticulate, and handle spatial relationships are important to all kinds of interpersonal communication. In most non-verbal communication situations, as experienced in the Nigerian environment during the Covid'19 pandemic, we observed that interlocutors, even in their silent states, use nonlinguistic forms to communicate meanings (through space and body language). This paper examined the imperatives of space and body language during the Covid'19 era. Much of what has occupied the interest of scholarship has been verbal (speaking and writing) rather than non-verbal communication. But the Covid'19 challenges have opened a fresh vista of attention to the other modes of communicating messages to a target audience. This paper wondered how easy and possible it was to employ appropriate multi-modal media of information dissemination targeted at controlling the ugly situation, saving the lives of people, and achieving fidelity of desired action in such a multilingual/cultural environment as Nigeria. This triggered the researchers' selection and evaluation of some of the communications made through space (proxemics), body language (kinesics), and other non-verbal symbolic modes, their imperatives, and challenges during this period. The analysis was anchored on the multimodal theory of discourse which is an approach that takes into account multiple modes of communication and how they interact with one another to produce meaning. The study is qualitative in nature and allows the interpretation of data according to the context of use. It is hoped that the findings of the paper shall not only expose the important place of non-verbal communication but will also add to the corpus of knowledge concerning the dynamics of human communication in general.
Three-dimensional Kinematic Analysis and Muscle Activation of the Upper Extremity in Ruesi Dutton Exercises
Authors: Chaowpeerapong Thanaphak , Jongjiamdee Ketmanee , Kerdsomnuek Pichitpol , Booranasubkajorn Suksalin , Vanadurongwan Bavornrat , Limroongreungrat Weerawat , Akarasereenont Pravit , Asavamongkolkul Apichat
Published: November 2022

Objective: To investigate 3-D upper extremity joint angles and muscle activities in selected Ruesi-Dutton exercises.Material and Methods: Twenty-six healthy participants (mean age of 25.65, mean height of 165.08 cm, and mean weight of 56.69 Kg) volunteered to take part in this study. 3-D motion analysis consisted of eight cameras synchronized with a wireless electromyography (EMG) system to collect kinematic data and muscle activity. Participants performed five postures, including the Kae Lom Kho Mue posture, Kae Puat Thong Kae Kho Thao posture, Kae Kiat posture, Kae Puat Thong Sabak Chom posture, and Kae Lom Puat Sisa. The upper extremity joint angles and range of motion (ROM) and EMG were analyzed.Results: Most postures were in the normal range of motion. The percentage of MVIC was more than 1% and the Trapezius muscle is the most active in all postures.Conclusion: The data in this research is useful to help select the correct posture and exercise for a specific condition.
Medial Closing-Wedge Distal Femoral Varus Osteotomy via Lateral Approach: The Modified Technique for Treating Valgus Osteoarthritic Knee as Case Series
Authors: Pornrattanamaneewong Chaturong , Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Narkbunnam Rapeepat , Chareancholvanich Keerati
Published: November 2022

Objective: The medial closing-wedge distal femoral varus osteotomy (MCW-DFVO) was an excellent operation for painful valgus lateral unicompartmental osteoarthritic (OA) knee, especially in the young patient. Originally, it requires a medial approach that has more precarious. On top of that, releasing of the iliotibial band that is the deforming force needs added incision. Therefore, this study aims to describe the modified surgical technique of MCW-DFVO that uses a lateral approach and lateral plating to treat the valgus OA knee. Additionally, we also reveal the outcomes of our technique as the case series.

Materials and Methods: Ten patients (12 knees) who underwent MCW-DFVO via a lateral approach were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were age 18-60 years, isolated lateral compartmental OA knee (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3-4), no significant patellofemoral pain, and range of motion (ROM) > 90 degrees. We excluded the inflammatory joint disease, unstable knee (femorotibial joint subluxation > 1 cm), and prior surgical procedure. Demographic data, pre- and postoperative ROM, radiographic outcomes, complications, and survivorship were recorded.

Results: The mean age, body mass index, and preoperative ROM were 55.3 ± 4.0 years, 25.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2 and 113.3 ± 11.5 degrees, respectively. The preoperative mechanical femorotibial angle was 162.3 ± 4.8 degrees, and the final post-operative alignment was 182.3 ± 2.6 degrees. Overall mean operative time of this technique was 92.5 ± 26.7 minutes. During the mean follow-up period of 8.3 ± 3.1 years, all osteotomy were united and the final postoperative ROM was decreased to 108.8 ± 11.7 degrees. One knee required plate removal due to hardware irritation, and another knee required subsequent total knee arthroplasty at 1 and 8.5 years after MCW-DFVO, respectively. The survivorship of this technique was 91.7% at the mean survival time of 13.8 years (95% confidence interval, 11.9 – 15.7 years).

Conclusion: This study proposed the modified surgical technique of MCW-DFVO via a lateral approach. This technique provided the excellent correction angle, union rate and survivorship.
Tissue Elimination of Large Vascular Corrosion Casting for Anatomy Education
Authors: Tounkhrua Chanagun , Ratanayotha Adisorn , Ratanalekha Rosarin , Chatthai Natipong , Piyaman Parkpoom
Published: November 2022

Objective: Vascular corrosion casting is crucial tool for three-dimensional study. Focusing on the casting for gross anatomy, large fatty tissue reacts with corrosive agents resulting in extensive saponification. Our study aimed to prevent saponification by a) finding the optimal corrosion temperature and concentration of corrosive agent and b) comparing the flow of the agent with conventional “non-flow” setting.

Materials and Methods: Phase I: pig fatty tissues, weighing 10 g each, were immersed in still (non-flowing) solution containing 0.5%, 1%, and 5% sodium hydroxide. Different temperatures were set to find the minimum soap-free temperature for each concentration. Phases II, III: 6 pig hearts were injected via the coronary arteries with polymethyl methacrylate. Three hearts were immersed in non-flowing 0.5%, 1%, and 5% NaOH solution, while another three were placed in a flowing solution. The flow was set in a vertical upward fashion in a specialized chamber while the outflow residue was collected from the system. The temperature was set at the minimum soap-free temperature. The durations of the corrosion were compared.

Results: The minimum soap-free temperatures for the 0.5%, 1%, and 5% concentrations were 55°C, 54°C, and 47°C, respectively. The corrosion times for the non-flowing 0.5%, 1%, and 5% concentrations were 216 h, 114 h, and 24 h, respectively. Flowing of the solution reduced the corrosion time by 25%-39% compared with the non-flowing.

Conclusion: The most efficient condition for soap-free coronary corrosion casting is 5% NaOH solution at a minimal temperature of 47°C.
Psychometric Properties of Scales for Assessing Experiential Avoidance
Authors: Sumalrot Thanayot , Phannajit Naphol , Phattharayuttawat Sucheera
Published: November 2022

Objective: To study and compare the psychometric properties, reliability, and validity of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II) and the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ), which were translated into Thai.

Materials and Methods: This study used the AAQ-II and MEAQ, which were back translated into Thai. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used in conjunction to collect data from 35 graduate students (females 77.1%) and 462 people from the general population of Bangkok (females 74.2%).

Result: Item Objective Congruence (IOC) of AAQ-II and MEAQ was 0.79 and 0.87, respectively. Both had high correlation coefficients with DASS-21 and SWLS, indicating criteria-related validity. Moreover, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was also carried out. The correlation coefficient to the original was high (0.96 for AAQ-II and MEAQ, and subscales ranging from 0.83-0.94). They also had high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha being 0.89 in AAQ-II and 0.92 in MEAQ, with high construct reliability (0.88 and 0.79-0.86).

Conclusion: The translated versions of AAQ-II and MEAQ have good psychometric properties. When comparing AAQ-II with MEAQ, it was noted that the correlation between AAQ and other scales was higher than MEAQ, which only had a moderate correlation. AAQ-II also tends to have a high association with distress variables. However, it is still possible to assess experiential avoidance. Thus, the use of each questionnaire will be depended on certain objectives.
Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis using LC-MSQTOF for Metabolite Profile Comparison between Patients with Myofascial Pain of Upper Trapezius Muscle versus Controls
Authors: Vannabhum Manmas , Harnphadungkit Kamontip , Akarasereenont Pravit , Tapechum Sompol
Published: November 2022

Objective: This study aims to identify different biomarkers of Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) using untargeted metabolomics screening.Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, serum samples from MPS patients (n = 19) and healthy controls (n = 10) were analyzed using reverse-phase liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (MS-QTOF). The resulted raw data was processed with Progenesis QI data analysis software. The HMBD database was used to identify the metabolites based on their fold change (>1.2), variable importance plot (>1) with P < 0.05. MetaboAnalyst 5.0 was used to generate metabolic network analysis for all identified metabolites.Results: The MPS group reported significantly higher pain on visual analog scale when compared with control while most of the other routine blood chemical profiles were not different. Twenty-seven metabolites were analyzed and identified with untargeted metabolomics analysis which could distinguish MPS patients from healthy controls. Inosine and chenodeoxycholic acid were abundant in the MPS group, whereas the others were low. Metabolites were divided into three categories: lipids, nucleotides, and organic compounds. Possible MPS metabolites included lysoSM (sphingomyelin), lysoPC (lysophosphatidylcholine), lysoPE (lysophosphatidylethanolamine), triglyceride, and inosine.Conclusion: These metabolite profiles, including glycerophospholipids mechanism and purine metabolism, indicate that the inflammatory process might be related to the mechanisms of MPS. A larger sample size, a different trigger point location, and modifications in therapy afterward should all be further explored.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING HYBRIDISATION IN CHEMISTRY
Authors: Abukari Moses Abdullai , Marifa Huaru Alhassan , Samari Jonathan Ayelsoma , Dorsah Philip , Abudu Fatao
Published: November 2022

The concept of hybridisation is one of the most difficult concepts for chemistry students to grasp at all levels of learning. Research showed the students conceptual difficulty ranged from their lack of the pre-requisite knowledge for grasping the topic hybridisation to chemical bond formation and orientations of atomic orbitals. This study investigated the difficulties Senior High School Students face in learning hybridisation. The study adopted a mixed-method approach using the sequential exploratory design. Purposive sampling was used to select six schools that offer elective chemistry subject. Simple random sampling was then used to select 120 Senior High School form 1 students to take part in the study. Convenient sampling was used to interview 24 students from the sample. Hybridisation Achievement Test (HAT) and Semi-structured interviews were self-constructed and used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and Content analysis were used to analyse the data. Results showed that, majority of students had difficulties in explaining the concept of hybrid orbitals, writing the electron configuration of 6C, explaining the effect of hybridisation on formation of chemical bonds in 6C, and type of hybridisation and shapes of compounds such as NH3, OF2, BCl3, CO2, SiO2, C2H2, BeF¬2 and C2H4. The study also showed that students had difficulties in explaining and demonstrating the formation of C = C double bond in ethene and other compounds. Equally students were challenged in demonstrating the differences between the formation of sigma and pi bonds in compounds. Students had difficulties in using electron orbital diagrams to explain the shape of CO2 as linear. The study concluded that Senior High School form 1 chemistry students in the Upper West Region of Ghana lacked the most basic and fundamental concept of hybridisation. Teachers need to use conceptual change instructional approaches to teach hybridisation in order to foster students’ understanding and reduce misconceptions.
Keywords: atomic orbitals; hybrid orbitals; hybridisation; mixed- method approach; sigma and pi-bonds;
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND EFL TEACHERS’ PRACTICES IN ACTIVATING LEARNERS’ ACQUISITION OF 21ST CENTURY SKILLS
Authors: Alzahrani Mona Abdullah , Nor Faizah M.
Published: November 2022

Teachers who teach English as a foreign language (EFL) should constantly develop their skills and knowledge by taking part in professional development programs (PDPs) which keep them aware of the most recent teaching trends. This mixed method study seeks to explore how PDPs influence EFL teachers’ teaching practices in activating 21st century skills, and therefore their students’ acquisition of these skills. It also examines the correlation between EFL teachers’ activation of 21st century skills and their students’ acquisition of these skills. The study used a sequential explanatory research design by utilizing questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that the two dimensions of 21st century skills that got the highest level of activation were the collaboration and communication skills. Furthermore, the results showed that the students acquire all 21st century skills with different levels of acquisition. Finally, the results showed that EFL teachers’ activation of 21st century skills had no significant direct correlation with students’ acquisition of these skills. These findings could provide insights on the area of PDPs that need to be researched more in different contexts. They also suggested that PDPs designers should incorporate all dimensions of 21st equally to be activated accurately by teachers in higher education institutions.
Keywords: professional development, EFL teachers, EFL learners, 21st century skills activation, 21st century skills acquisition
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DISTANCE EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF BRAZILIAN STUDIES
Authors: Durso Samuel de Oliveira , Arruda Eucidio Pimenta
Published: November 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the way people live in society. New technologies powered by AI have been applied in different sectors of the economy and the educational context is no different. AI has been considered a key to the development of learning strategies, especially in distance education. In this sense, this research aimed to identify the current state of Brazilian literature on AI applied to distance education. The Higher Education market in Brazil, which is the biggest in Latin America regarding the number of individuals able to enroll in a program, is still developing and distance education has grown rapidly. To reach the purpose of this paper, it was performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to find the research conducted in graduate programs that investigate the subject of AI applied to distance education. The final analysis used a total of 63 studies – 26 master’s theses and 37 doctoral dissertations. The main results show that most of the research on AI in distance education in Brazil was conducted in Computer Science (56%) and Engineering (27%). Only 6% of the studies reviewed are from masters’ or doctoral programs in Education. The result also shows that limited attention is paid to critical topics related to the growing introduction of AI in distance education, as such teachers’ employability and technological training or the ethical implications of using AI for the educational process. As a result of this SLR, it was possible to suggest research opportunities considering the international agenda on AI. Keywords: artificial intelligence, distance education, educational technology, systematic literature review
A MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING PERCEPTION SCALE FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY
Authors: Ersoy Mehmet , Dağyar Miray
Published: November 2022

Determining students' perceptions of problem-solving is an important step to improve their mathematical problem-solving skills. For this reason, the aim of this study was to develop a scale to determine secondary school students’ perceptions of mathematical problem solving. In the study conducted in a basic research model, a scale application, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The sample of the study consisted of 325 secondary school students. Validity and reliability analyses were made with the data obtained on the sample. Five sub-dimensions of the scale were determined through exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed for these 5 sub-dimensions, and the fit indices were found to range from acceptable to excellent. The explained variance of the “Mathematical Problem-Solving Perception Scale” was 66.15%, and the Cronbach alpha value for the whole scale was .93. It was concluded that the scale would reveal the perception levels of secondary school students towards mathematical problem solving in a valid and reliable way.
Keywords: mathematics, perception, problem solving, scale development, secondary school students
TOWARDS THE DIFFERENT: A CASE STUDY OF A SYRIAN ASYLUM SEEKER IN CROATIAN SCHOOL CONTEXT
Authors: Klasnić Irena , Đuranović Marina , Lucin Marina
Published: November 2022

Migrations and migrants have been in the focus of interest and activities of many governments, organizations, and institutions, both worldwide and in Croatia. According to international policies, children who seek or are under international protection have the right to education. To access the education system of the Republic of Croatia more easily, they are given the opportunity to attend Croatian language preparatory or remedial classes.
The research aim was to determine the needs and challenges posed by the inclusion of a Syrian asylum seeker in a Croatian primary school. The qualitative approach was applied. The case study presents a ten-year-old Syrian girl, attending a primary school in Zagreb. The data were gathered with the use of semi-structured interviews with the girl's sister, teachers in the primary school, and her classmates. In order to gain a deeper insight into the girl's functioning in the school context, notes made by teachers during observation of the girl’s performance in the course of the educational process were gathered and analysed. Guidelines and recommendations were developed that could have a positive impact on quality inclusion of children refugees and asylum seekers in the Croatian education system.
Keywords: children asylum seekers, educational process, qualitative research
DRIVERS OF CONTINUANCE INTENTION TO USE THE ONLINE LEARNING PLATFORM AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Pribeanu Costin , Gorghiu Gabriel , Santi Elena-Ancuța
Published: November 2022

With the start of the COVID-19 pandemic period, the need to continue the educational process imposed the exclusive move to the online environment - a new and insufficiently prepared experience, which generated controversies, but also reflections, and adaptation for teachers, students, decision-makers, and even parents. The major concern of the academic community was related to the quality of the educational process and how the student-centered education paradigm can be introduced in the online environment. The students and teachers of the post-pandemic generation are no longer the same, this period has strongly impacted society, mentalities, and the school's future. Analyzing online education from multiple perspectives, the advantages, and opportunities generated by the integration of ICT in the teaching process are obvious. However, many variables have an impact on the effectiveness of e-learning, and many unanswered questions, yet. This research aims to analyze the key drivers of technology acceptance and the role played by three external variables: content adaptation, facilitating conditions, and ease of access in the context of exclusive online education. For this purpose, an extended technology acceptance model has been conceptualized and tested on a sample of Romanian university students. The results illustrate that content adaptation represents an important predictor of both the perceived ease of use and usefulness. The model explained a lot of variance in the continuance intention which is due to the positive attitude towards using the online learning platform in the future. Keywords: distance education; TAM; COVID-19 pandemic; online learning platform; learning motivation;
The Adverse Effects of British Colonialism on the Culture and Psychology of the Indians: A Postcolonial Study
Authors: Ali Mohammad Arshad
Published: November 2022

Colonization implies an all-inclusive and all-pervasive process that brings under its occupation not only the land and wealth of the colonized country but exercises domination over all facets of the life of the people – economic, political, social, educational, cultural and psychological in their exteriors and interiors. With full knowledge of how to perpetrate the colonial rule on the colony permanently, the British colonizers went for superimposition of their own culture on the culture of the colonized with the colonized ultimate object of destroying the native age-old and proverbially rich culture of India. Education being the sure and certain weapon to win the battle of superimposition of a certain culture upon another, the colonialists clamped down an Education Policy on the Indians – a policy potent enough to subjugate the Indians under the yoke of colonialism. They propagated their culture through various cultural mediums including dramatic productions, particularly “promoting Shakespeare’s work in colonial Calcutta reproducing the metropolitan culture as a part of the civilizing mission of the British Raj (Sing, 1996, P. 122). The conquest of the civilizational mission of the British Raj so disrupted the cultural and psychological aspects of the life of the Indians (Bangalis) that the elite (so-called advanced section of the population) gloated in the thought that the colonizers had rescued them from backwardness and it was their duty to prop them in all ways possible to continue their regime free from opposition, intervention and rebellion. This was how colonialism throve on the subservient mindset of the privileged class resulting in the prolongation in the sub-continent of the British domination that had to be annihilated by waging tremendous struggle by the people who could not be gained over by the rosy picture of immense prospects hung up by the colonizers.

Green University Review of Social Sciences Dec 2021; 7(1-2): 22-34