bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio With Inflammation and Erythropoietin Resistance in Chronic Dialysis Patients
Authors: Pineault Jérôme , Lamarche Caroline , Bell Robert , Lafrance Jean-Philippe , Ouellet Georges , Leblanc Martine , Pichette Vincent , Bezzaoucha Sarah , Vallée Michel
Published: November 2017

Background:

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was widely studied as a prognostic marker in various medical and surgical specialties, but its significance in nephrology is not yet established.

Objective:

We evaluated its accuracy as an inflammation biomarker in a dialysis population.

Design setting:

Single-center retrospective study.

Patients:

The records of all 550 patients who were treated with hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) from September 2008 to March 2011 were included.

Measurements:

NLR was calculated from the monthly complete blood count.

Methods:

Association between NLR and markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP], serum albumin, and erythropoietin resistance index [ERI]) was measured using Spearman coefficient.

Results:

In total, 120 patients were eligible for the correlation analyses. We found a positive correlation between NLR and CRP (all patients: r = 0.45, P < .001; HD: r = 0.47, P < .001; PD: r = 0.48, P = .13). NLR and albumin were inversely correlated ( r = −0.51, P < .001). Finally, high NLR was associated with a nonsignificant increased ERI, but we have not demonstrated a direct correlation.

Limitations:

CRP and albumin are not measured routinely and were ordered for a specific clinical reason leading to an indication bias. Also, no relationship with clinical outcome was established.

Conclusions:

NLR seems to be a good inflammatory biomarker in dialysis in addition to being easily available. However, controlled studies should be conducted to properly assess and validate NLR levels that would be clinically significant and relevant, as well as its prognostic significance and utility in a clinical setting.
A Pilot Online Mindfulness Intervention to Decrease Caregiver Burden and Improve Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Tkatch Rifky , Bazarko Dawn , Musich Shirley , Wu Lizi , MacLeod Stephanie , Keown Karen , Hawkins Kevin , Wicker Ellen
Published: November 2017

Interventions to reduce caregiver burden are of great interest as the number of informal family caregivers continues to grow. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of an online mindfulness meditation intervention for community-dwelling older adult caregivers and to evaluate its impact on quality of life, caregiver burden, and psychological well-being. A total of 40 caregivers were recruited from 2 community center support groups to participate in an 8-week online mindfulness intervention. Pre and post surveys were administered. Retention rates were high with 55% completing the post surveys and attending at least 5 out of 8 sessions. Matched pairs t test indicated that the intervention reduced caregiver burden, perceived stress, anxiety, and loneliness and improved mental well-being. Online interventions offer flexibility for caregivers regardless of their responsibilities. Future research should expand this opportunity and explore the scalability of online mindfulness interventions.
Helping Students Make Informed Decisions About Transition Via Web-Based Resources
Authors: Rowe Dawn A. , McNaught John , Yoho Louise M. , Davis Mariya , Mazzotti Valerie L.
Published: November 2017

Although there are many transitions that occur in a young person’s life, transition from high school to adulthood can be one of the most challenging. This transition requires autonomy and decision-making skills. To support youth in having positive outcomes after high school, it is imperative for teachers to have strategies to guide students in making informed decisions as they begin the transition process. This article provides teachers with strategies and resources to help youth build autonomy, make informed decisions, and gain information via web-based resources to support the transition from high school into postschool life. Steps for building autonomy, evaluating web-based resources, and investigating web-based resources to support transition are included.
Pediatric Otogenic Sigmoid Sinus Thrombosis: Case Report and Literature Reappraisal
Authors: Scherer Andrea , Jea Andrew
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study was to review our experience with a single case of mastoiditis associated with sigmoid sinus thrombosis and increased intracranial pressure, and to review the experience of others through prior publications. We reviewed a case of a 6-year-old boy with an acute otitis media and mastoiditis, with associated ipsilateral sigmoid sinus and contralateral distal transverse sinus thrombosis. Based on the literature and our own experience, we conclude that most children with dural sinus thrombosis from acute otitis media and mastoiditis, in the setting of increased intracranial pressure, attain a good neurological outcome with a conservative neurosurgical approach. The mainstay of treatment seems to be appropriate antibiotic coverage and anticoagulation. Surgeries such as external ventricular drain, serial lumbar punctures, intracranial pressure monitor, and endovascular thrombectomy are reserved for patients with neurological deterioration despite maximal medical treatment.
Characteristics of Very Young Hispanic Children Referred for Obesity Management
Authors: Aguayo Liliana , Olave-Pichon Alicia , Ariza Adolfo J. , Binns Helen J.
Published: November 2017

Information on risks associated with obesity during infancy specific to Hispanic children is scarce. This retrospective medical record review describes characteristics and parenting practices of Hispanic children age <2 years referred for obesity care at a tertiary hospital over a 6-year period. Data on 29 Hispanic children collected from parent-completed assessment forms and clinician documentation were analyzed. Children were of mean age 16.2 ± 4.9 months; body mass index z scores ranged from 1.5 to 9.4 (mean 4.5 ± 1.7); 45% were male; 97% received public insurance; 38% were breastfed ≥6 months; and 93% had a parent who was overweight or obese. Parenting practices included bottle feeding in bed (50%), regularly drinking sweetened beverages (33%), ≥2 hours of screen time (60%), and having a TV in child’s bedroom (55%). Better understanding of factors that contribute to the development of rapid weight gain of Hispanic children can inform future clinical and public health interventions.
Hurricane Flooding and Environmental Inequality: Do Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Have Lower Elevations?
Authors: Lu Yuqi
Published: November 2017

Most research on environmental inequality studies whether poor and minority neighborhoods are more exposed to environmental hazards in the form of pollution and waste. However, natural disasters, such as hurricanes, and their aftermaths are also important forms of environmental hazards and may disproportionally affect disadvantaged neighborhoods. Using data from Google Maps API and the American Community Survey, this study shows that poor neighborhoods in the Houston area tend to have lower elevations and thus may be more vulnerable to flooding. Further analyses show that this association persists even after controlling for latitude, longitude, and population density. Additionally, other types of neighborhood disadvantage, such as poverty and high concentration of racial-ethnic minorities and noncitizens, are also associated with lower elevations. Moreover, these patterns are common among most of the 20 largest metropolitan areas in the United States. These findings reveal a new dimension of environmental inequality and the consequences of spatially concentrated disadvantages.
Human NOTCH4 is a key target of RUNX1 in megakaryocytic differentiation
Authors: Li Yueying , Jin Chen , Bai Hao , Gao Yongxing , Sun Shu , Chen Lei , Qin Lei , Liu Paul P. , Cheng Linzhao , Wang Qian-Fei
Published: November 2017

Key Points

NOTCH4 is a RUNX1 direct target the expression of which is negatively regulated by RUNX1 during human megakaryopoiesis. Inhibition of NOTCH4 by genetic approach or chemical inhibitors enhances MK production from human iPSCs and cord-blood CD34+ cells.
HRI coordinates translation by eIF2αP and mTORC1 to mitigate ineffective erythropoiesis in mice during iron deficiency
Authors: Zhang Shuping , Macias-Garcia Alejandra , Velazquez Jason , Paltrinieri Elena , Kaufman Randal J. , Chen Jane-Jane
Published: November 2017

Key Points

Erythroid eIF2αP and ATF4 are essential for iron-restricted erythropoiesis, and HRI-eIF2αP is responsible for microcytic hypochromic anemia. HRI activates integrated stress response and represses mTORC1 signaling in ID to mitigate ineffective erythropoiesis.
Deletion of Cdc42 in embryonic cardiomyocytes results in right ventricle hypoplasia
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Jian , Li Jieli , Wang Rui , Tharakan Binu , Zhang Shenyuan L. , Tong Carl W. , Peng Xu
Published: November 2017

Background

Cdc42 is a member of the Rho GTPase family and functions as a molecular switch in regulating cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity establishment. Inactivating Cdc42 in cardiomyocytes resulted in embryonic lethality with heart developmental defects, including ventricular septum defects and thin ventricle wall syndrome.

Findings

In this study, we have generated a Cdc42 cardiomyocyte knockout mouse line by crossing Cdc42/flox mice with myosin light chain 2a (MLC2a)‐Cre mice. We found that the deletion of Cdc42 in embryonic cardiomyocytes resulted in an underdeveloped right ventricle. Microarray analysis and real‐time PCR data analysis displayed that the deletion of Cdc42 decreased dHand expression level. In addition, we found evaginations in the ventricle walls of Cdc42 knockout hearts.

Conclusion

We concluded that Cdc42 plays an essential role in right ventricle growth.
Depth-conversion techniques and challenges in complex sub-Andean provinces
Authors: Velásquez Antonio J. , Alfonso Héctor
Published: November 2017

The reliability of depth conversion in complex land areas is particularly challenging. Accuracy and precision are usually difficult to achieve simultaneously because of the limited amount and quality of seismic data and sparse control from well data. Ideally, depth-migration methods would be the right tools to produce such data for interpreters. However, despite recent significant breakthroughs in seismic imaging, the ability to provide precise depths is not always achievable with depth-imaging techniques. Therefore, depth conversion remains a crucial tool for converting a seismic image and its interpretation to geologic depth. We have developed an overview of the techniques used for depth conversion through a carefully selected set of geologically diverse field examples. We determine the challenges faced while applying each methodology and, more importantly, share our own experiences and pitfalls. We also evaluate the steps taken to overcome these limitations. All these studies highlight the pragmatic application of techniques and their common pitfalls to improve the workflows that can be implemented to solve other depth-conversion problems. Depth-conversion techniques can be classified depending on the approach used for velocity model building (VMB) (i.e., time-depth and instantaneous velocity functions, layer-cake models, or geostatistical velocity interpolations) and also depending on the ray-tracing procedure (i.e., vertical stretching or image ray). To verify the reliability of the VMB, we establish the following criteria for an acceptable velocity model: (1) honors hard data, (2) integrates all the available sources of velocity information, and (3) makes geologic sense. We reinforce the latter in complex areas where geologic control drives the chosen approach. For instance, in cases with strong velocity gradients (e.g., basement-involved structures), vertical depth conversion may not be able to solve all possible scenarios, resulting in an incomplete assessment of the structural uncertainty. To model such situations, we use a time-to-depth conversion based on the image-ray concept.
Tectonic inversion of salt-detached ramp-syncline basins as illustrated by analog modeling and kinematic restoration
Authors: Roma Maria , Vidal-Royo Oskar , McClay Ken , Ferrer Oriol , Muñoz Josep Anton
Published: November 2017

Salt-detached ramp-syncline basins are developed in extensional settings and are characterized by wide synclinal sedimentary basins detached on salt and formed above the hanging wall of active ramp-flat-ramp extensional faults. They are rarely fault bounded; instead, they are bounded by salt structures that are in general parallel to the major subsalt structures. As such, the formation of these extensional systems requires the presence of (1) a subsalt extensional fault with significant dip changes and (2) an evaporitic unit above the extensional fault, which partially or completely decouples the basin from a subsalt extensional fault. Salt-detached ramp-syncline basins have a significant exploration potential when their extensional geometry is preserved and when they have undergone positive tectonic inversion and consequent uplift and fold amplification. However, in some cases, their subsalt geometry may not be fully recognizable, especially when subsalt seismic imaging is poor. To obtain a deeper understanding of the geometry and kinematic evolution of these salt-detached ramp-syncline basins, we performed a series of analog modeling experiments, in which the models’ cross sections had been sequentially restored. Analog models and restoration results reveal that the kinematic evolution of the salt-detached ramp-syncline basins during extension and inversion depends on the interaction of different factors that may function simultaneously. Our results are used to improve the interpretation of seismic sections in inverted Mesozoic salt-detached ramp-syncline basins on the Atlantic margins, where subsalt faults are not well-imaged, and thus the suprasalt geometries must be used to infer the subsalt structure.
Thyroid Hormone Receptor α– and β–Knockout Xenopus tropicalis Tadpoles Reveal Subtype-Specific Roles During Development
Authors: Nakajima Keisuke , Tazawa Ichiro , Yaoita Yoshio
Published: November 2017

Thyroid hormone (TH) binds TH receptor α (TRα) and β (TRβ) to induce amphibian metamorphosis. Whereas TH signaling has been well studied, functional differences between TRα and TRβ during this process have not been characterized. To understand how each TR contributes to metamorphosis, we generated TRα- and TRβ-knockout tadpoles of Xenopus tropicalis and examined developmental abnormalities, histology of the tail and intestine, and messenger RNA expression of genes encoding extracellular matrix–degrading enzymes. In TRβ-knockout tadpoles, tail regression was delayed significantly and a healthy notochord was observed even 5 days after the initiation of tail shortening (stage 62), whereas in the tails of wild-type and TRα-knockout tadpoles, the notochord disappeared after ∼1 day. The messenger RNA expression levels of genes encoding extracellular matrix–degrading enzymes (MMP2, MMP9TH, MMP13, MMP14, and FAPα) were obviously reduced in the tail tip of TRβ-knockout tadpoles, with the shortening tail. The reduction in olfactory nerve length and head narrowing by gill absorption were also affected. Hind limb growth and intestinal shortening were not compromised in TRβ-knockout tadpoles, whereas tail regression and olfactory nerve shortening appeared to proceed normally in TRα-knockout tadpoles, except for the precocious development of hind limbs. Our results demonstrated the distinct roles of TRα and TRβ in hind limb growth and tail regression, respectively.
SDHC Promoter Methylation, a Novel Pathogenic Mechanism in Parasympathetic Paragangliomas
Authors: Bernardo-Castiñeira Cristóbal , Valdés Nuria , Sierra Marta I , Sáenz-de-Santa-María Inés , Bayón Gustavo F , Perez Raúl F , Fernández Agustín F , Fraga Mario F , Astudillo Aurora , Menéndez Rafael , Fernández Belén , del Olmo Maribel , Suarez Carlos , Chiara María-Dolores
Published: November 2017

Context

Germline mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase A, B, C, and D genes (collectively, SDHx) predispose to the development of paragangliomas (PGLs) arising at the parasympathetic or sympathetic neuroendocrine systems. SDHx mutations cause absence of tumoral immunostaining for SDHB. However, negative SDHB immunostaining has also been found in a subset of PGLs that lack SDHx mutations.

Settings

Here, we report the comprehensive molecular characterization of one such a tumor of parasympathetic origin compared with healthy paraganglia and other PGLs with or without SDHx mutations.

Results

Integration of multiplatform data revealed somatic SDHC methylation and loss of the 1q23.3 region containing the SDHC gene. This correlated with decreased SDHC messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Furthermore, another genetic event found affected the VHL gene, which showed a decreased DNA copy number, associated with low VHL mRNA levels, and an absence of VHL protein detected by immunohistochemistry. In addition, the tumor displayed a pseudohypoxic phenotype consisting in overexpression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and miR-210, as well as downregulation of the iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme (ISCU) involved in SDHB maturation. This profile resembles that of SDHx- or VHL-mutated PGLs but not of PGLs with decreased VHL copy number, pointing to SDHC rather than VHL as the pathogenic driver.

Conclusions

Collectively, these findings demonstrate the potential importance of both the SDHC epigenomic event and the activation of the HIF-1α/miR-210/ISCU axis in the pathogenesis of SDHx wild-type/SDHB-negative PGLs. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a sporadic parasympathetic PGL that carries silencing of SDHC, fulfilling the two-hit Knudson’s model for tumorigenesis.
Dysglycemic states and hypertension: A relationship dependent on low-grade inflammation
Authors: Salazar Juan , Bermúdez Valmore , Torres Wheeler , Arias Víctor , Martínez María Sofía , Chavez-Castillo Mervin , Wilches-Durán Sandra , Graterol-Rivas Modesto , Villasmil Nelson , Navarro Carla , Graterol-Silva Rosemily , D´Addosio Rosanna , Hoedebecke Kyle , Velasco Manuel , Rojas Joselyn
Published: November 2017

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a prominent cardiovascular risk factor, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. Identification of closely associated cardiometabolic conditions may be crucial for its early detection. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with HTN and prehypertension (PHT) in an adult population sample from Maracaibo City, Venezuela.

Methods: A randomized multi-staged sampling cross-sectional study was performed in 2230 individuals from Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study database. PHT and HTN were defined according to JNC-7 criteria. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the main risk factors for each condition.

Results: 52.6% (n=1172) of the subjects were female, the prevalence of HTN was 32% (n=714), while the prevalence of PHT was 31.1% (n=693). The main risk factors for HTN were age ≥60 years (odds ratio [OR]: 40.99; 95%CI: 16.94-99.19; p<0.001) and the local indigenous ethnic group (OR: 3.06; 95%CI: 1.09-8.62; p=0.03). Adjustment for high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels increased the OR of these factors and diminished the impact of other factors. Meanwhile, age ≥60 years (OR: 3.39; 95%CI: 1.41-8.18; p=0.007) and alcohol consumption (OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.06-2.00; p=0.02) were the main risk factors for PHT.

Conclusion: There are significant differences in the risk factor profiles for HTN and PHT. Additionally, low-grade inflammation appears to link multiple metabolic factors and preexisting vascular characteristics.
The systemic quantums of technological processes in the production and construction of objects and complexes
Authors: Лебедев Владимир , Lebedev Vladimir
Published: November 2017

The book contains an analytical overview of the theory and practice of flow construction, network planning and management and their synthesis. Covers the basics of systems engineering, information technology and the functional system of construction industry. Examples of structural sitamaquine construction processes and objects. The book is intended for scientific and engineering personnel, as well as undergraduate and graduate students of construction specialties, can be used as a teaching tool.
UNDERGROUND AIR DUCT TO CONTROL RISING MOISTURE IN HISTORIC BUILDINGS: IMPROVED DESIGN AND ITS DRYING EFFICIENCY
Authors: Pazderka Jiří , Hájková Eva , Jiránek Martin
Published: November 2017

The underground air ducts along peripheral walls of a building are a remediation method, which principle is to enable an air flow along the moist building structure’s surface to allow a sufficient evaporation of moisture from the structure. This measure reduces the water transport (rising moisture) into the higher parts of the wall where the high water content in masonry is undesirable. Presently, underground air ducts are designed as masonry structures, which durability in contact with ground moisture is limited. The article describes a new design of an underground air duct, which is based on specially shaped concrete blocks (without wet processes, because the blocks are completely precast). The air duct from concrete blocks is situated completely below the ground surface (exterior) or below the floor (interior). Thanks to this, the system is invisible and does not disturb the authentic look of rehabilitated historic buildings. The efficiency of the air duct technical solution was verified by the results of tests (based on the measured moisture values) conducted on a laboratory model. The experimental study showed that the moisture in the masonry equipped with the presented underground air duct had decreased considerably compared to the reference sample, namely by 43 % on average. The experimental study was numerically validated through numerical simulations performed with the program WUFI 2D.
Jacob Moleschott - A Transnational Biography
Authors: Meneghello Laura
Published: November 2017

This is the first academic biography of the scientist and politician Jacob Moleschott (1822-1893). Based on a vast range of primary sources in German, Italian, Dutch, French, and Latin, it not only sheds new light on the history of materialism in the natural sciences, but also shows the deep entanglement of science, politics, and popularization in 19th-century Europe. Applying new methods from cultural history and the history of science, Laura Meneghello focuses on processes of knowledge circulation, transnational mobility, and the role of translation in 19th-century science.
Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) rs1799750 polymorphism is associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk
Authors: Cao L. , Li P. , Dong L.
Published: November 2017

A few studies suggested that matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) rs1799750 polymorphism was associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk. However, other studies did not confirm this result. Thus, we did this meta-analysis to evaluate the association between MMP-1 rs1799750 polymorphism and NPC risk. We searched PubMed and EMBASE. Five studies with 1497 cases and 1643 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Subjects with MMP-1 rs1799750 polymorphism had an decreased NPC risk (OR = 0.79; 95%CI, 0.69–0.91; P = 0.0007; I2 = 70%). In the subgroup analysis by smoking, a marginally significant association was found in non-smokers (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.52 – 1.04, P = 0.08; I2 = 0%) but not smokers (OR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.24 – 1.42, P = 0.24; I2 = 83%). In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that MMP-1 rs1799750 polymorphism was significantly associated with NPC risk.
Circulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels and its polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis
Authors: Bae S-C. , Lee Y. H.
Published: November 2017

The present study aimed to systemically review the evidence regarding the relationship between circulating macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as the associations between several polymorphisms in the MIF gene and SLE susceptibility. We performed a meta-analysis of serum/plasma levels of MIF in SLE patients and controls and evaluated evidence of associations between the MIF -173 C/G allele and -794CATT5-8 polymorphisms and the associated risk for SLE. Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis indicated that MIF levels were significantly higher in the SLE group than in the control group (SMD = 1.154, 95% CI = 0.369–1.938, P = 0.004). Stratification by ethnicity showed significantly higher MIF levels in the SLE group representing Asian populations (SMD = 1.911, 95% CI = 0.871–2.951, P < 0.001). MIF levels were significantly higher in the SLE group than in the control group in the age-and/or sex matched population, but not in the unmatched population (SMD = 1.236, 95% CI = 0.579–1.893, P < 0.001; SMD = 1.118, 95% CI = -0.027–2.263, P = 0.056). However, results of the meta-analysis showed no association between SLE and the MIF -173 C allele, the -794CATT7 allele, and the -794CATT7-MIF-173C haplotype with high heterogeneity. Our meta-analysis demonstrated significantly higher circulating MIF levels in patients with SLE, but no evidence of associations between MIF -173 C/G and -794CATT5-8 polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility.
Investigation of genotoxic effects of doripenem using cytogenetic and molecular methods
Authors: Aydin M. , Rencüzoğullari E. , Bozkurt O. , Genç A. , Bayram S.
Published: November 2017

The main aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of doripenem (DRP) using both cytogenetic and molecular test systems. Although there have been some studies reporting the effects of DRP, none of them has shown the genotoxic effects of DRP. In order to achieve the main aim of the study, the human peripheral lymphocytes were treated with 100 Î¼g/ml, 200 Î¼g/ml, and 400 Î¼g/ml concentrations of DRP for 24 and 48 hours, and the chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) methods were used as the cytogenetic tests and RAPD-PCR method was used as the molecular test to determine the genotoxic effects of DRP. DRP did not induce the chromosome aberrations and micronucleus frequencies at all concentrations and at all treatment periods. So, it was concluded that DRP did not show any cytotoxic effect. However, DRP increased the number of polymorphic bands and decreased the ratio of genomic template stability, especially at the 48-hour treatment period. In this study, according to the obtained results, it was determined that DRP failed to show any genotoxic risk at the therapeutic doses. This result also indicates that DRP could be a reliable antibiotics according to its rapid metabolism.
Organic chromium modifies the expression of orexin and glucose transporters of ovarian in heat-stressed laying hens
Authors: Ozdemir O. , Tuzcu M. , Sahin N. , Orhan C. , Tuzcu Z. , Sahin K.
Published: November 2017

In this study, the effect of the supplemental organic chromium (Cr) forms on the expression of ovarian orexin(hypocretin), glucose transporters (GLUTs), heat shock proteins (HSPs) andnuclear factor-kappaB (NF-ÎºB)were investigated in laying hens (HS). Laying hens (n=1800; 16-wk-old; Lohmann LSL-Lite) were allocated to 6 random groups according to a 2"‰í—"‰3 factorial trial scheme with two different environmental temperatures [Thermoneutral (TN groups; at either 22±2 °C 24 h/d)  and heat stress (HS groups; at 34±2 °C for 8 h/d, 08:00 to 17:00 h, followed by 22°C for 16 h for a period of 12 wks)], andhens reared under both environmental conditions were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 1.600 mg of chromium-picolinate (CrPic, 12.43% Cr) and 0.788 mg of chromium-histidinate (CrHis, 25.22% Cr) per kg of diet, delivering 200 µg elemental Cr per kg diet. HS groups showed decreased levels of orexin and GLUTs(GLUT1, GLUT4), and increased NFÎºB, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 levels compared to the TN groups in ovarian tissue of hens (P < 0.0001 for all).However, dietary chromium supplementation (CrPic–CrHis) increasedorexin and GLUTs levels and significantly reduced the NF-ÎºB and HSPs levels making them closer to those of thermoneutral group (P < 0.0001).In conclusion, CrPic and CrHis showed supported the relief and treatment of stress complications.
Clinical efficacy and mechanism of lymphoplasma exchange in the treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome
Authors: Luo M-C. , Wang W-F. , Yin W-F. , Li Y. , Li B-J. , Duan W-W. , Zeng Q-M. , Luo Y-B. , Yang X-S. , Yang H.
Published: November 2017

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease of the nervous system and is the most common acute polyneuropathy. Both cellular and humoral immunity are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of GBS, and various types of activated CD4+ T cells are thought to orchestrate the onset and progression of GBS. Lymphoplasma exchange (LPE) filtering out activated lymphocytes while exchanging plasma has been used for GBS treatment for years. However the treatment is still not yet optimal. In order to assess the efficacy of this treatment, we evaluate the effect of LPE and determine the appropriate frequency of LPE treatments for GBS patients through comparing the neurological deficit scores and the changes in related immunology indicators of GBS patients before and after LPE treatment. Twenty-four patients with GBS who received LPE were evaluated for immunologic indicants before treatment, on the second day, and the fourth day after the treatment. The immunoglobulin complement and CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were tested by flow cytometry. The patients' Medical Research Council sum scores were increased from 25.7±10.4 up to. 36.7±10.4 (P=0.019) and their Hughes scores decreased from 3.7±0.76 to 3.1±0.73 (P=0.027) at 7 days after LPE. In the peripheral blood from patients received LPE treatment, the levels of immunoglobulin, complement, monocytes and fibrinogen were significantly reduced. The percentages of Th1 and Th17 cells in the CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were significantly decreased, whereas the Th2 and Treg cells were increased in patients after treatment. The changes in CD4+T lymphocyte subsets were correlated with patient MRC score changes. Our data indicate that LPE is effective in treating GBS patients by directly removing immunoglobulin, complement, monocytes, and fibrinogen as well as regulating lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood.
Ziziphus Jujube: a review study of its anticancer effects in various tumor models invitro and invivo
Authors: Ebrahimi S. , Mollaei H. , Hoshyar R.
Published: November 2017

The growing rate of cancer incidences and inefficiency of current therapies have made scientists to find novel agents such as medicinal plants. Ziziphus jujube is one of these plants whose pharmaceutical effects have been studied for a long time. Recent investigations have proved that bioactive compounds of Ziziphus jujube including triterpenic acids, flavonoids, cerebrosides, phenolic acids, Î± tocopherol, Î² carotene, and polysaccharides have anti-proliferative effects on several cancerous cell lines and animals. The present study aimed to cover all previous invitro and invivo findings and some of molecular mechanisms of its anticancer property.
Interleukin-6 secreted by oral cancer- associated fibroblast accelerated VEGF expression in tumor and stroma cells
Authors: Mirkeshavarz M. , Ganjibakhsh M. , Aminishakib P. , Farzaneh P. , Mahdavi N. , Vakhshiteh F. , Karimi A. , Gohari N. S. , Kamali F. , Kharazifard M. J. , Shahzadeh Fazeli S. A. , Nasimian A.
Published: November 2017

Oral cancer represents the sixth most common cancer type worldwide. Patients with oral cancer express high levels of IL-6 which is associated with very poor prognosis. Previous studies illustrated that IL-6 cytokine induces angiogenesis. It has also been reported that the presence of Cancer- Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) is essential for angiogenesis. In this study, we examined the correlation between IL-6 and CAF and the role of this correlation on VEGF production. In this study, quantitative expression level of IL-6 and VEGF in CAF and Oral Cancer Cells (OCCs) examined through Real Time PCR and ELISA and western blot analysis. In addition, maintenance and retention of IL-6 and VEGF checked out in co-culture experiment of CAF and OCC cells. These experiments demonstrated that in oral cancer, CAF cell line secretes significantly more IL-6 than OCC. Also IL-6 is a factor that causes VEGF secretion in CAF cell line. CAF is the basic and the most essential source for producing IL-6 in patients with oral cancer. Secreted IL-6 is able to induce VEGF production in both CAF and OCCs. Correlation between CAF, IL-6 and VEGF could be considered as an approach for cancer therapy.
Effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice on kidney, liver, heart and testis histopathological changes, and the tissues lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in lead acetate-treated rats
Authors: Aksu D. S. , Sağlam Y. S. , Yildirim S. , Aksu T.
Published: November 2017

Pomegranate juice (PJ) contains relevant amounts of active biological compounds which alleviate the detrimental effects of chronic heavy metal exposure. This study investigated the protective potential of PJ against lead-induced oxidative stress. A total of forty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups. The animals were fed a standard pellet diet and tap water ad libitum. The rats were divided into four groups (n=10 for each group): control, lead asetat (2000 ppm), low-treated PJ- a daily dose of 2.000 ppm lead plus 30µl pomegranate juice (included 1.050 µmol total polyphenols, gallic acid equivalent), and high-treated PJ- a daily dose of 2.000 ppm lead plus 60µl pomegranate juice (included 2.100 µmol total polyphenols, gallic acid equivalent). The treatments were delivered for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, the tissues samples (kidney, liver, heart and testis) were collected. Tissue lead (Pb) and mineral amounts (copper, zinc, and iron), tissues lipid peroxidation level and antioxidant status, and tissues histopathological changes were determined. The results showed that the highest rate lead loading was in the kidney and the testis. Pomegranate juice was decreased the lead levels of soft tissues examined; increased Zn amounts in tissues of which the lead accumulation was higher (kidney and the testis); decreased the copper, zinc and the iron levels of the liver and heart tissues, without creating a weakness in antioxidant capacity of these tissues, restricted the oxidative stress by decreasing lipid peroxidation, improved both of the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalaz (CAT), and the level of glutathione (GSH) in all the tissues examined in lead-treated groups. As histopathological findings, the cellular damage induced by lead in the tissues of the kidney, liver and the heart were observed to have been partially prevented by PJ treatment. The protective effect of PJ was more pronounced in the testis compared to those others.
Cardioprotective effect of Pycnogenol in ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats
Authors: Xiao P. , Zhang K. , Tao Z. , Liu N. , Ge B.
Published: November 2017

Oxidative stress plays a critical task in the biochemical and pathological alteration linked with myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). This warrants identifying agents with a potential for preventing such damage in an effective way. A novel plant based product, Pycnogenol, obtained from the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster ssp. atlantica) bark extract was known for its tremendous antioxidant potential (both in vivo, in vitro). It was able to attenuate the symptoms of immune dysfunction through restoring a cellular antioxidant status in low micronutrient-induced immune deficient mice. Consequently, the present study was deals with the determination of protective effect of Pycnogenol in ischemic–reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats via Non-recirculating Langendorff's technique. The effect of Pycnogenol  on the level of various key biomarkers in the rat heart homogenate was determined, such as, myocardial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, a marker of lipid peroxidation), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) (a marker of tissue injury) and effect on endogenous antioxidants, e.g., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The activity of these biomarkers appreciably improved in Pycnogenol-treated group than IRI group (P < 0.05). The effect of Pycnogenol was further confirmed via histopathological examination of cardiac tissues, which suggests that, it considerably improved the injury related to tissue damage through suppression of edema and infiltration of neutrophil compared to IRI group. It also showed modulation of the expression of apoptotic factors, e.g. Bcl-2, bax and caspase-9 as confirmed by western blot analysis.
Genetic barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of dusky cotton bug (Oxycarenus hyalinipennis) using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene
Authors: Khan A. Z. , Amad I. , Shaheen S. , Hussain K. , Hafeez F. , Farooq M. , Noor Ul Ayan H.
Published: November 2017

Cotton dusky bug (Oxycarenus spp.) mostly attack on cash crops such as Gossypium, Cola and Hibiscus which affect the national economy therefore sustainable pest management is needed. Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene is utilized as marker gene for DNA barcoding, genetic and ecological study of insects. In present study insect (cotton dusky bug) samples were collected from cotton fields in Faisalabad. COI gene was amplified from genomic DNA of bug and cloned into pTZ57R/T vector (Fermentas). The clone was sent to Macrogen (South Korea) for Sanger sequencing. The phylogenetic analysis and pairwise multiple sequence alignment showed that our cotton dusky bug grouped with two species of Oxycarenus genus and highest sequence identity was 91.1% with Oxycarenus hylinipennis. This is the first report of genetic barcode of Oxycarenus hylinipennis from cotton from Pakistan.
Polyamide 1010/Polythioamide Blend Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelet for Automotive Part Application
Authors: Kausar A.
Published: November 2017

Novel polythioamide (PTA) was prepared and blended with polyamide 1010 (PA1010). Based on morphology, molecular weight, polydispersity index, thermal, and shear stress behavior, PA1010/PTA (90:10) blend was opted as matrix for graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) reinforcement. Inclusion of functional GNP resulted in crumpled gyroid morphology. T0 (502°C) of PA1010/PTA/GNP was increased by 145°C than unfilled blend (357°C). Limiting oxygen index measurement indicated better non-flammability of PA1010/PTA/GNP1-3 nanocomposites (53-55%) relative to PA1010/PTA1-3 (41-48%). PA1010/PTA/GNP1-3 also attained V-0 rating in UL94. Furthermore, PA1010/PTA/GNP3 nanocomposite revealed optimum tensile strength (40 MPa), impact strength (1.9 MPa), and flexural modulus (1373 MPa) to manufacture automotive part.
Inspection of Gas Pipelines Using Magnetic Flux Leakage Technology
Authors: Usarek Z. , Warnke K.
Published: November 2017

Magnetic non-destructive testing methods can be classified into the earliest methods developed for assessment of steel constructions. One of them is the magnetic flux leakage technology. A measurement of the magnetic flux leakage is quite commonly used for examination of large objects such as tanks and pipelines. Construction of a magnetic flux leakage tool is relatively simple, but a quantitative analysis of recorded data is a difficult task. Therefore, methods of magnetic flux leakage signal processing and analysis are still under development. A magnetic flux leakage in-line-inspection tool called FLUMAG 500 was constructed. FLUMAG 500 was designed for gas and oil pipelines inspection. In this paper principle of operation of FLUMAG 500 was described. Advanced algorithms of the signal processing and analysis was also developed. Results coming from the development stage as well as from the final construction of the tool were presented. Analysis of these results shows that FLUMAG 500 is a suitable tool for detection of corrosion defects in a pipeline wall.
Prosthetic Elements Made of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb Alloy by Selective Laser Melting
Authors: Seramak T. , Zasińska K. , Zieliński A. , Andryskowski J. , Andryskowska-Ignaczak A. , Motyl M.
Published: November 2017

The fabrication of the prosthetic foundations and bridges from the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy is described. The process was started from CAD/CAM design of 3D models of the foundations based on scanning of patient’s mouth. Next, 3D models were transformed into *.stl files for the manufacturing stage and then the manufacturing process by means of the selective laser melting with the SLM Realizer 100 equipment was made. The intrinsic structure of the obtained parts was investigated with X-ray microtomography. The observed imperfections in the foundation's internal structure can be eliminated by a proper setting of the laser melting process. The thermal stresses, which resulted of the temperature change during melting and caused the bending of titanium made bridges, were eliminated at a design stage.
Prediction of adsorption efficiencies of Ni (II) in aqueous solutions with perlite via artificial neural networks
Authors: Turp Sinan Mehmet
Published: November 2017

This study investigates the estimated adsorption efficiency of artificial Nickel (II) ions with perlite in an aqueous solution using artificial neural networks, based on 140 experimental data sets. Prediction using artificial neural networks is performed by enhancing the adsorption efficiency with the use of Nickel (II) ions, with the initial concentrations ranging from 0.1 mg/L to 10 mg/L, the adsorbent dosage ranging from 0.1 mg to 2 mg, and the varying time of effect ranging from 5 to 30 mins. This study presents an artificial neural network that predicts the adsorption efficiency of Nickel (II) ions with perlite. The best algorithm is determined as a quasi-Newton back-propagation algorithm. The performance of the artificial neural network is determined by coefficient determination (R2), and its architecture is 3-12-1. The prediction shows that there is an outstanding relationship between the experimental data and the predicted values.
Removal of 4-chlorophenol from aqueous solution by granular activated carbon/nanoscale zero valent iron based on Response Surface Modeling
Authors: Majlesi Monireh , Hashempour Yalda
Published: November 2017

The phenolic compounds are known as priority pollutants, even in low concentrations, as a result of their toxicity and non-biodegradability. For this reason, strict standards have been established for them. In addition, chlorophenols are placed in the 38th to 43th in highest priority order of toxic pollutants. As a consequence, contaminated water or wastewaters with phenolic compounds have to be treated before discharging into the receiving water. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) has been used in order to optimize the effect of main operational variables responsible for the higher 4-chlorophenol removal by Activated Carbon-Supported Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron (AC/NZVI). A Box-Behnken factorial Design (BBD) with three levels was applied to optimize the initial concentration, time, pH, and adsorbent dose. The characterization of adsorbents was conducted by using SEM-EDS and XRD analyses. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherm and kinetics of 4-chlorophenol on AC and AC/NZVI under various conditions were studied. The model anticipated 100% removal efficiency for AC/NZVI at the optimum concentration (5.48 mg 4-chlorophenol/L), pH (5.44), contact time (44.7 min) and dose (0.65g/L). Analysis of the response surface quadratic model signified that the experiments are accurate and the model is highly significant. Moreover, the synthetic adsorbent is highly efficient in removing of 4-chlorophenol.
Optimization of induced crystallization reaction in a novel process of nutrients removal coupled with phosphorus recovery from domestic wastewater
Authors: Zou Haiming , Wang Yan
Published: November 2017

Phosphorus removal and recovery from domestic wastewater is urgent nowadays. A novel process of nutrients removal coupled with phosphorus recovery from domestic sewage was proposed and optimization of induced crystallization reaction was performed in this study. The results showed that 92.3% of phosphorus recovery via induced Hydroxyapatite crystallization was achieved at the optimum process parameters: reaction time of 80 min, seed crystal loads of 60 g/L, pH of 8.5, Ca/P mole ratio of 2.0 and 4.0 L/min aeration rate when the PO43--P concentration was 10 mg/L in the influent, displaying an excellent phosphorus recovery performance. Importantly, it was found that the effect of reaction temperature on induced Hydroxyapatite crystallization was slight, thus favoring practical application of phosphorus recovery method described in this study. From these results, the proposed method of induced HAP crystallization to recover phosphorus combined with nutrients removal can be an economical and effective technology, probably favoring the water pollution control and phosphate rock recycle.
Microbial air contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant in Bydgoszcz (Poland) and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus spp.
Authors: Małecka-Adamowicz Marta , Kubera Łukasz , Donderski Wojciech , Kolet Katarzyna
Published: November 2017

The study was aimed at evaluating microbial contamination on the premises of the sewage treatment plant by determining the concentrations of selected groups of airborne microorganisms. Another objective was to determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolated strains of staphylococci. The research was conducted in a seasonal cycle, by the impaction method using Merck MAS-100 air sampler. Samples were collected at six sites, each representing a different stage of sewage treatment. The susceptibility of isolated staphylococci was assessed with the disc-diffusion method, following the recommendations of the EUCAST. The results indicate that the microbial population in the air of the investigated area was dominated by mold fungi, whose highest average concentration was recorded at site IV located near the final clarifier (7672 CFU•m-3). Heterotrophic bacteria and mannitol-positive staphylococci were the most numerous at locations where sewage undergoes primary treatment. In each subseuqent stage the number of microorganisms emitted into the air from the sewage was lower. Antibiograms show that more than 50% of Staphylococcus spp. exhibited resistance to penicillin and 20% to rifampicin. In addition, 90% of the analyzed strains were sensitive to other antibiotics. The fungal community included the following genera: Cladosporium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, and Acremonium.The highest air contamination with all studied groups of microorganisms was recorded at the locations where mechanical sewage treatment was performed. During the subsequent stages lower numbers of heterotrophic bacteria were emitted into the air. The air in the investigated sewage treatment plant did not contain multidrug-resistant staphylococci.
Aerosynoptic Conditions Favorable to Formation of Local Catabatic Wind Coşava in Oraviţa Depression (Romania). Case Studies
Authors: Ciprian Chiriac , Ovidiu Murărescu
Published: November 2017

In the southwestern part of Romania, in the Oraviţa Depression, which is included in the Banat historical region, there is a low altitude air circulation in the cold season. Under certain conditions of atmospheric pressure, it generates a catabatic wind (Coşava), with strong increases in speed at blast. The wind speed, which often exceeds 10 m / s, causes sometimes-massive damage to property.