bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O MARCO CIVIL DA INTERNET NO BRASIL: DIREITOS, DEVERES E PROGRAMAS
Authors: Mendes Marcelo Doval
Published: September 2021

O artigo objetiva analisar a Lei n� 12.965/2014, que disciplinou o uso da Internet no Brasil. Com base na interpreta��o de seus dispositivos, na revis�o da literatura e na observa��o da jurisprud�ncia, o estudo centra-se em tr�s aspectos do denominado marco civil da Internet: os direitos garantidos, os deveres institu�dos e os programas almejados. Quanto aos direitos, o foco est� nos usu�rios, tra�ando um panorama geral e abordando especificamente as d�vidas quanto � inviolabilidade das comunica��es via Internet face �s disposi��es constitucionais pertinentes. Quanto aos deveres, os objetos s�o a manuten��o dos registros pelos servidores e sua responsabiliza��o civil, estabelecendo-se compara��o com o quadro jurisprudencial anterior ao diploma legal. Finalmente, quanto aos programas, o cerne da discuss�o � o desejado sopesamento legislativo de princ�pios constitucionais, com o debate sobre a preval�ncia da liberdade de express�o. Na conclus�o, destacam-se a boa hora em que veio a legisla��o e sua feitura no melhor espa�o para regula��es desse tipo, o Parlamento. Sem preju�zo, s�o apresentadas as preocupa��es quanto a poss�veis restri��es de direitos, quanto a formas de fiscaliza��o do cumprimento dos deveres e quanto � necess�ria densifica��o de conte�dos das normas ainda abertas do diploma.

Palavras-chave: Internet. Marco civil. Brasil

Abstract: The article analyzes the Law No. 12.965/2014, which regulates the use of the Internet in Brazil. Based on the interpretation of its provisions, the literature review, and observation of jurisprudence, the study focuses on three aspects of the called civil rights framework for Internet: guaranteed rights, imposed obligations and targeted programs. With regard to rights, the focus is on users, tracing an overview and specifically addressing questions concerning the inviolability of Internet communications under the related constitutional provisions. With respect to obligations, the objects are the maintenance of records by servers and their civil liability, comparing the new law and the previous jurisprudential framework. Finally, regarding the programs, the core of the discussion is the desired legislative assessment of constitutional principles, paying attention to the debate over the prevalence of freedom of expression. In conclusion, the highlights are the good time of the legislation and the fact that it was made in the best space for such regulations, the Parliament. Notwithstanding, the article presents concerns about possible restrictions of rights, forms of the enforcement of obligations and required densification of the contents of the law.

Keywords: Internet. Civil Rights Framework. Brazil.
O DIREITO � IDENTIDADE GEN�TICA COMO BIODIREITO FUNDAMENTAL IMPL�CITO NA P�S-MODERNIDADE
Authors: Oliveira Cheila Aparecida
Published: September 2021

Esta pesquisa versa sobre a prote��o da integridade da estrutura gen�tica do ser humano e de sua diversidade, objetivando a imposi��o de limites morais, �ticos e jur�dicos aos diagn�sticos gen�ticos, �s informa��es deles advindas e �s manipula��es gen�ticas seletivas em busca da perfei��o, a fim de garantir a n�o descaracteriza��o do genoma humano como patrim�nio da humanidade. Conclui-se pela defesa deste direito � identidade gen�tica como biodireito fundamental impl�cito de quarta gera��o, direito transindividual integrante da Bioconstitui��o, decorrente do princ�pio da dignidade da pessoa humana, do direito fundamental � vida, � intimidade, da preserva��o do patrim�nio gen�tico do pa�s, e da paternidade respons�vel. Real�ando-se que os embri�es n�o s� s�o titulares desse direito, n�o podendo ser discriminados por sua dota��o gen�tica, como do direito � vida, por terem a mesma ess�ncia das pessoas humanas nascidas, a fim de perpetuar a vida no planeta. E, para que isso ocorra, ainda � for�oso manter o equil�brio ecol�gico do meio ambiente e a diversidade de esp�cies e genes.
O Ass�dio Moral e a Identidade das Trabalhadoras
Authors: Pereira Ricardo Jos� Mac�do de Britto , Borges Lara Parreira de Faria
Published: September 2021

O ass�dio moral � uma pr�tica de viol�ncia t�o antiga quanto o pr�prio trabalho. Entretanto, o seu reconhecimento como um problema ou uma disfun��o a ser tratada somente ganhou a aten��o dos estudiosos ao final do s�culo XX. O atual contexto neoliberal surge com um modo de gest�o pela incita��o, o qual se vale de pr�ticas de ass�dio moral para garantir a conformidade dos trabalhadores a um modelo de identidade empresarial que busca efici�ncia e lucratividade � custa da elimina��o de toda dissid�ncia. Nesse sistema forjado no sofrimento psicol�gico para extrair das v�timas a maior rentabilidade poss�vel, verifica-se que o �ndice de ass�dio moral � mais frequente entre mulheres. O ass�dio moral, em si, j� � uma forma de desqualificar a igual considera��o e respeito para com a sua v�tima. Quanto se verifica que essa pr�tica de viol�ncia � mais recorrente contra mulheres, observa-se que a opress�o ganha contornos de dupla discrimina��o. Para um Estado Democr�tico de Direito, a igual considera��o e respeito pela vida de todos os indiv�duos representam o norte de atua��o de todos os setores governamentais de forma a preservar identidades, coibir toda forma de discrimina��o, inclusive discrimina��es cumuladas.
CONCRETIZA��O DA JUSTI�A, EFETIVIDADE DOS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS E COMPLEXIDADE DAS SITUA��ES S�CIO-JUR�DICAS CONTEMPOR�NEAS: DI�LOGOS ENTRE �REAS DO CONHECIMENTO OU PR�TICA DE ATIVISMO JUDICIAL?
Authors: Villas B�as Regina Vera , Fernandes Francis Ted
Published: September 2021

O presente texto se reporta ao denominado ativismo judicial, que vem sendo discutido com frenesi na sociedade e comunidade jur�dica. A quest�o nuclear do debate diz respeito ao avan�o das decis�es do Poder Judici�rio na esfera dos demais poderes constitu�dos. O presente estudo enfrenta a tem�tica a partir de enfoque que admite a complexidade na rela��o entre os poderes constitu�dos, acolhendo a exist�ncia de uma dif�cil linha demarcat�ria de compet�ncias entre tais poderes: Judici�rio, Legislativo e Executivo. Admite que quando o Poder Judici�rio � chamado para decidir - no caso de omiss�o ou de pr�tica de atos ilegais pelo Legislativo ou Executivo -, deve agir com a finalidade de concretizar o exerc�cio de sua fun��o t�pica. A pesquisa reconhece que a interpreta��o do direito � um fen�meno complexo, que n�o se limita � subsun��o de fatos �s normas, mesmo em ambiente de muita certeza, e que os m�todos fundamentados na l�gica cl�ssica, muitas vezes, n�o s�o suficientes ao int�rprete na solu��o adequada de casos concretos. Extrai-se que o int�rprete pode navegar nos mares incertos da l�gica do razo�vel, fundamentando os resultados de suas investiga��es na argumenta��o jur�dica, e admitir que a complexidade e a indetermina��o s�o vari�veis que podem contribuir para a evolu��o do sistema s�cio jur�dico, com a finalidade de dar efetividade ao Direito e concretizar a Justi�a Social. Ora, tal concep��o doutrin�rio-filos�fica discutida pode ser adotada pelos julgadores/aplicadores do Direito, com a finalidade de solucionar - com Justi�a - os conflitos que lhes s�o apresentados � aprecia��o, consideradas as hip�teses de omiss�o da lei e da pr�tica de atos ilegais pelos poderes Legislativo ou Executivo. Isso ocorre porque, n�o cabe ao Judici�rio manter a neutralidade nos casos referidos - omiss�o ou ato ilegal dos poderes Legislativo ou Executivo -, sob pena de contrariar o postulado da Justi�a e de negar sua principal fun��o dentro do Estado Democr�tico de Direito.
O valor constitucional dos protestos populares - o fim dos �inocentes do Leblon�
Authors: Dimoulis Dimitri , Lunardi Soraya
Published: September 2021

O direito � livre manifesta��o do pensamento e � apresenta��o de cr�ticas e propostas pol�ticas em reuni�es e passeatas � um componente central de uma sociedade que pretende ser democr�tica. Qual � a finalidade da exist�ncia de ruas e demais espa�os p�blicos sen�o a sua utiliza��o pela popula��o inclusive para manifesta��es individuais e coletivas? Ser� que as ruas deixaram de ser um espa�o p�blico para se tornarem um duto de escoamento de riquezas? Seriam as ruas corredores onde passam carros em um fluxo cont�nuo que ningu�m pode interromper? Um lugar para se instalar o com�rcio e qualquer outra atividade lucrativa? Na verdade, os espa�os p�blicos s� fazem sentido como pontos de encontro, de comunica��o, de delibera��o e de protesto.
O PAPEL DA FAM�LIA NA EDUCA��O PARA O USO DA INTERNET: PROTE��O � CRIAN�A E AO ADOLESCENTE
Authors: Andrade Santos Mirian
Published: September 2021

O acesso a internet teve reconhecimento como sendo essencial ao exerc�cio da cidadania, assim cada vez mais as pessoas est�o em contato com esta ferramenta para variadas finalidades, tais como: aprimoramento intelectual, manten�a de rela��es intersubjetivas, comunica��o, distra��o, entre outras. Neste artigo pretendemos abordar a import�ncia da fam�lia no processo educativo como instrumento eficaz para prote��o da crian�a e o adolescente no uso internet, por meio da regulamenta��o, fiscaliza��o e orienta��o por parte dos pais do conte�do que seus filhos acessam na internet. Busca-se demonstrar a responsabilidade dos pais em conjunto com a sociedade e o Estado para fins de resguardar a exposi��o, o direito � privacidade, bem como para evitar a ocorr�ncia de crimes sexuais cometidos contra a crian�a e o adolescente na internet, que por vezes, em havendo sua ocorr�ncia, pode afetar e criar danos irrepar�veis ao desenvolvimento saud�vel destes.

Palavras-Chave: Privacidade. Internet. Educa��o. Fam�lia. Crimes sexuais.

ABSTRACT

The internet access was recognized as being essential to the exercise of citizenship and increasingly people are in contact with this tool for different purposes, such as: intellectual improvement, maintenance of interpersonal relations, communication, distraction, among others. This article aims to address the importance of the family in the educational process as an effective tool for the protection of children and adolescents use the internet, through regulation, supervision and guidance by the parents of the content their children access on the internet. Seeks to demonstrate the responsibility of parents together with society and the state for the purpose of protecting the exposure, the right to privacy and to prevent the occurrence of sexual crimes committed against children and teenagers on the Internet, which sometimes , upon its occurrence, can affect and create irreparable damage to the healthy development of these.

Keywords: Privacy. Internet. Education. Family. Sexual crimes.
BUSINESS AND THE POLITICS OF HUMAN RIGHTS: The Protection of Human Rights Defenders by State and Business as an Opportunity to Build Up a Democratic Society in Brazil
Authors: Terto Neto Ulisses
Published: September 2021

Abstract

This paper considers the interplay of international law, politics and national law in the protection of human rights defenders (HRDs) that are challenging businesses practices in Brazil. It argues that the Brazilian State and transnational and domestic businesses have a responsibility to protect HRDs and should adopt robust means of doing this, embracing their work as opportunity rather than a threat in building up a democratic society. To demonstrate the validity of this claim, this paper highlights the role of HRDs in promoting corporate responsibility and in exposing and remedying the adverse human rights (HR) impacts of business in Brazil. It further explains how HRDs working on issues of corporate responsibility and accountability are under threats and attacks from both state and non-state actors as a result of their work. The paper then analyses some of the responses from the organized civil society, business, and the Brazilian State in order to tackle violence against HRDs. The paper considers that the relationship between business and the Brazilian State is dialectical and complementary and, as such, should be arbitrated by the international HR system. In this process, the paper calls for a binding instrument to regulate the activities of transnational corporations and other business enterprises to be adopted at the UN level and argues that it could potentially influence the rhetoric and practices in the politics of HR in Brazil. The final section provides an explanation for how the Brazilian State and transnational and national businesses should protect HRDs.

Keywords: Business. Human Rights. Human Rights Defenders.
TERRORISMO E O DIREITO INTERNACIONAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Rodrigues Jos� Welhinjton Cavalcante
Published: September 2021

Este artigo trata do conceito de terrorismo internacional no contexto do compromisso dos governos com o Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos, o que se revela importante por ser uma perspectiva que favorece a coopera��o internacional e evita a pr�tica de abusos no combate ao terrorismo.
OS EFEITOS DAS MOBILIZA��ES SOCIAIS, CONECTADAS �S NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS, NAS DEMOCRACIAS CONTEMPOR�NEAS
Authors: Piaia Thami Covatti , Pereira Gustavo De Lima
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo visa contextualizar e problematizar os efeitos das mobiliza��es sociais, conectadas �s novas tecnologias, no anseio social por transforma��es nas democracias contempor�neas. Com o avan�o tecnol�gico, novas formas de intera��o social permeiam os interesses de acesso ao espa�o p�blico, onde a internet, as redes sociais e a globaliza��o, dentre outras vari�veis, al�m de viabilizarem uma maior amplitude cr�tica da popula��o mundial, em face da pluralidade das vias de comunica��o e intera��o, ampliaram tamb�m o espectro de empoderamento da popula��o que reivindica por um aprimoramento democr�tico. Em que pese sejam question�veis os efeitos positivos de fen�menos como a Primavera �rabe, a t�tulo exemplificativo, ineg�vel � o fato de que as intensifica��es das conex�es sociais perpassam pelas novas tecnologias e sua rela��o com a democracia, sendo este o centro principal do debate desenvolvido neste artigo.
AS CONTRIBUI��ES DO DIREITO DO TRABALHO E DO SINDICALISMO PARA A CONSTRU��O DE UM MODELO HERMEN�UTICO CONSTITUCIONAL-TRABALHISTA CONTEMPOR�NEO
Authors: Hazan Bruno Ferraz , Poli Luciana Costa
Published: September 2021

O trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar propostas para a constru��o de um modelo hermen�utico pautado na l�gica democr�tica do pr�prio Direito do Trabalho, em especial a partir da an�lise de sua consolida��o por meio das a��es coletivas sindicais. Inicialmente, investiga-se o arcabou�o hist�rico e jur�dico do Direito do Trabalho, a fim de identificar os elementos que permitem sua reconfigura��o hermen�utica, com �nfase no sindicalismo e perpassando pelos paradigmas liberal, social e democr�tico. Em sequ�ncia, investigar-se-� a consagra��o da liberdade sindical como direito humano e sua rela��o com os par�metros democr�ticos e pluralistas do Estado Democr�tico de Direito. Essa correla��o permitiria, ao inserir os trabalhadores � e suas organiza��es sindicais � nos centros de poder, n�o apenas efetivar o princ�pio, mas repensar o papel dos sindicatos, agora que fundamentalizados e atrelados aos pr�prios paradigmas do Estado. Ao final, prop�e-se um novo caminho para a reconstru��o interpretativa do Direito do Trabalho, baseado em seu potencial de mutabilidade � constitucionalmente assegurado � que permitiria corrigir eventuais transgress�es ao ordenamento jur�dico brasileiro.
O amicus curiae e a democratiza��o e a legitima��o da jurisdi��o constitucional concentrada
Authors: Ferraz Anna Candida da Cunha
Published: September 2021

Cuida este texto de, em breves considera��es, tra�ar as caracter�sticas gerais do amicus curiae e seu relevante papel na fun��o de democratiza��o e de legitima��o da jurisdi��o constitucional concentrada no Brasil.
Reflexos da garantia constitucional da prova l�cita no processo
Authors: Anibal S�rgio Shimura
Published: September 2021

Prova � todo elemento que pode levar o conhecimento de um fato a algu�m. No processo, significa todo meio destinado a convencer o ju�zo a respeito da ocorr�ncia de um fato. A Constitui��o Federal prev� certos direitos e garantias fundamentais que interferem na amplitude probat�ria. Preceitua que s�o inadmiss�veis, no processo, as provas obtidas por meios il�citos. Contudo, � certo que, dependendo dos interesses em lit�gio, uma garantia constitucional pode conflitar com outra, podendo o juiz flexibilizar tais regras, analisando o direito de cada parte. A presta��o jurisdicional deve ser exercida de modo eficaz e c�lere, o quanto poss�vel, de maneira mais fiel e pr�xima �quela existente antes da viola��o da norma. Em raz�o disso, exige-se a participa��o e a colabora��o de todos na demonstra��o dos fatos.
O direito de resgate do valor de contribui��es na previd�ncia complementar fechada
Authors: Ferreira S�rgio De Andr�a
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo trata de um dos assuntos b�sicos em rede de fundos de pens�o: o resgate das contribui��es paga pelos participantes.
A dignidade da pessoa e os fundamentos dos direitos humanos
Authors: Ascens�o Jos� Oliveira
Published: September 2021

Este trabalho aborda a constru��o hist�rica dos direitos humanos e sua fundamenta��o, ou seja, o Cristianismo, o Iluminismo e a abordagem de Kant. Analisa as diversas abordagens: o Direito Internacional e os Direitos Humanos, a Constitui��o e os Direitos Fundamentais, e o Direito Civil e os Direitos de Personalidade, com base no Direito Portugu�s e, em menor escala, o Direito Alem�o. Tamb�m sugere uma nova abordagem do Direito Civil.
O devido processo legal das execu��es fiscais e a reforma da execu��o extrajudicial
Authors: Machado Ant�nio Cl�udio da Costa
Published: September 2021

O prop�sito do presente trabalho � o de discutir a medida da interfer�ncia da Reforma da execu��o extrajudicial (da Lei n. 11.382/2006) sobre o procedimento previsto pela Lei n. 6.830/1980, o que acaba por prejudicar o formato original do devido processo legal das execu��es fiscais, em afronta � garantia da seguran�a jur�dica.
San��es pela pr�tica do ato de improbidade administrativa
Authors: Shimura S�rgio
Published: September 2021

A Constitui��o Federal exige que a presta��o do servi�o p�blico seja balizada pelos princ�pios legalidade, impessoalidade, moralidade, publicidade e efici�ncia, em qualquer esfera e n�vel de Poder. Independentemente de outros mecanismos de controle, o jurisdicional pode ser feito por meio de a��o de improbidade administrativa, situa��o em que incidem diversas san��es, com ou sem car�ter pecuni�rio, vari�vel no aspecto qualitativo e quantitativo.
A gratuidade assegurada pelo art. 5�, xxxiv, b, da Constitui��o Federal e os atos do of�cio registral
Authors: Ferreira S�rgio De Andr�a
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo trata da abrang�ncia de direito individual constitucionalmente assegurado: aquele da gratuidade na obten��o de certid�es.
A experi�ncia da justi�a ambiental: a c�mara especial de direito ambiental do TJ-SP
Authors: Nalini Jos� Renato
Published: September 2021

Este artigo pretende apresentar um relato sistematizado da experi�ncia da Justi�a Ambiental, a partir de dados coletados na C�mara Especial de Direito Ambiental do TJ-SP, da qual o autor � integrante. Para isso, ap�s introdu��o proped�utica, apresenta as ementas dos julgados relatados pelo autor, de forma a publiciz�-los e indicar seu fio condutor reflexivo. Espera-se como resultado reiterar a urg�ncia da Justi�a Ambiental e de uma nova consci�ncia, despertada para os riscos da degrada��o desenfreada do meio ambiente.
Sobre o direito fundamental de acesso � Justi�a
Authors: Tesheiner Jos� Maria
Published: September 2021

Trata-se, neste ensaio, do direito fundamental de acesso � justi�a, com destaque para as restri��es decorrentes do monop�lio do jus postulandi outorgado aos advogados; da institui��o das Comiss�es Pr�vias de Concilia��o, pela Lei 9.958/2000, e da arbitragem, especialmente quando decorrente de mera cl�usula compromiss�ria. Examina-se,

por fim, a possibilidade de atribuir-se � senten�a proferida nas a��es coletivas relativas a direitos individuais homog�neos, efic�cia pr� e contra.
ANALISIS CSR DAN HUBUNGANYA DENGAN PROPITABILITAS MASA COVID-19 PADA PERUSAHAAN KONSUMSI
Authors: Sari Rafika
Published: September 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) merupakan suatu prinsip kemanusian atau kepedulian perusahaan terhadap steakholdernya atau lingkungan sosialnya dimana etika perusahaan dinilai dari cara perusahaan memperlakukan steakholdernya , Penelitian ini akan menganalisis tentang Corporate social responsibility dan pengungkapanya serta pengaruhnya terhadap propitabilitas , metode analisis data dengan megunakan regresi sederhanana hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa Corporate social responsibility berpengaruh secara positif signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan atau profitabilitas pada perusahaan manufaktur sektro barang konsumsi yang terdaftar dibursa efek dindonesia tahun 2019hal ini sejalan dengan teori steakholder yang menyarakan perusahaan tidak hanya dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya jika perusahaan dapat peduli pada seuam steakholdernya termasuk lingkungan sosialnya. Penelitian ini berkonstribusi pada perusahaan agar dapat meningkatkan etika kepedulian social dan melakaukan pengungkapan terhadap kegiatan sosialnya agar dapat meningkatkan kinerja perusahaan .
DETERMINAN INDEKS SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Fathurrahman Ayif , Widiastuti Rahma Aprilia
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted to determine and analyze the effect of inflation, exchange rates, and the BI Rate on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). The method used in this research is the Error Correction Model (ECM). The data used are 55time series. Based on the analysis that has been done, the research results show that in the short term only the BI Rate has a significant negative effect on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). Meanwhile, in the long term, the Exchange Rate and BI Rate variables have a significant negative effect on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI). Variable inflation has no effect on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI).
A novel methodology for the efficient synthesis of 3-monohalooxindoles by acidolysis of 3-phosphate-substituted oxindoles with haloid acids
Authors: Liu Li , Li Yue , Huang Tiao , Kong Dulin , Wu Mingshu
Published: September 2021

A novel method for the synthesis of 3-monohalooxindoles by acidolysis of isatin-derived 3-phosphate-substituted oxindoles with haloid acids was developed. This synthetic strategy involved the preparation of 3-phosphate-substituted oxindole intermediates and SN1 reactions with haloid acids. This new procedure features mild reaction conditions, simple operation, good yield, readily available and inexpensive starting materials, and gram-scalability.
Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Kompetensi Pemeliharaan Kelistrikan Kendaraan Ringan dengan Alat Peraga Di Kelas XI Teknik Kendaraan Ringan 6 SMK Nahdlatul Ulama Lasem Kabupaten Rembang
Authors: Aziz Makmuri Abdul , Suyitno Suyitno
Published: September 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa. Prestasi belajar yang dimaksud adalah hasil belajar siswa dari setiap pembelajaran yang dibuktikan dengan data data nilai setelah evaluasi dilakukan .Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI TKR 6 SMK Nahdlatul Ulama Lasem Kabupaten Rembang, yang berjumlah 32 siswa laki-laki semua. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu hasil belajar siswa. Data yang diperoleh berupa data kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase.Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan alat peraga dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini ditandai dengan meningkatnya persentase keberhasilan belajar siswa dari prosentase hasil belajar siswa dari kondisi awal sebesar 39,48 %, pada siklus I menjadi 68,43 %, dan pada siklus II menjadi 100 %, dengan nilai rata-rata 76,84 pada kondisi awal, 79,36 pada siklus I, dan 83,05 siklus II
SISTEM OVERLOAD DETECTION SENSOR PADA SUSPENSI SEPEDA MOTOR BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Nurul Hadi Asyhar Syarief , Herlambang Galang , Pratama Galih Ardy , Nasrullah Hamid
Published: September 2021

Sistem peringatan beban maksimal pada sepeda motor berbasis arduino bertujuan untuk memperingatkan kepada pengguna sepeda motor agar tidak berkendara dengan membawa beban yang terlalu berlebihan serta dapat memelihara kesehatan motor khususnya pada shock breaker. Metode penelitian ini menerapkan jenis penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan nama alat yang digunakan adalah Overload Detection Sensor (ODS). Tahapan pengembangan didefinisikan, merancang, mengembangkan, dan menyebarluaskan. Komponen yang dibutuhkan adalah baterai, arduino, modul mp3 player, sd card, relay, sensor ultrasonik, speaker mini. Hasil pengujian alat ini menggunakan sensor ultrasonik dan sudah di program sehingga dapat bekerja ketika berat pada suatu kendaraan melebihi batas maksimal dengan ketentuan berat standar pabrik 150 kg, sensor ini akan bekerja efektif jika beban kendaraan melebihi batas maksimal dan jarak antara sensor dengan objek yaitu kurang dari 10cm.
Adapting to Political Activism in Destination
Authors: Thomas Toney K. , Jose Diya
Published: September 2021

The
way of protest through hartal (general strike) has sparked heated debates about
its impact on the tourism industry in Kerala. This paper is aimed in the
viewpoint that political activism has adverse consequences on tourism in the
state of Kerala which is seamlessly propagated through the Media. Through a
thematic analysis of online texts published on trip advisor, this paper
explores tourists’ perceptions and opinions of the implication of hartal on
tourism in Kerala. Overall, our analysis reveals that hartal would not
discourage tourists to visit Kerala, although many regarded that certain level
of challenges at the destination will enhance the visitor experience.
Importantly, our study also contends that the narratives about the ‘hartal’
produced and propagated online were often representative of political
structures of power, which linked tourism to hartal irrespective of the real
impact on tourism.
The Trade-Off Between Tourism and Pollution
for Japanese Economic Growth
Authors: Bella Giovanni , Massidda Carla
Published: September 2021

This paper proposes a vector error correction
model to investigate the relationship between polluting emissions and GDP
levels in Japan, in the period 1970-2014, and tests the validity of the
Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis driven by tourist arrivals. Our
results validate the existence of two different causality channels among the
selected variables. In particular, we find that a trade-off might exist between
increasing the number of tourists, which drives economic growth, and the
pattern of a sustainable development, due to the increase of polluting
emissions. The analysis allows us to propose appropriate policy strategies to
promote a robust and sustainable long run economic growth.
The Temporal Dimension of Tourist Attraction
Authors: Ćorluka Goran , Vitezić Vanja , Peronja Ivan
Published: September 2021

Tourist
attractions are vital sub-elements in the tourism system. Despite drawing
considerable attention in the tourism literature, most studies suffer from a
lack of in-depth analysis of the theoretical foundation. This research aims to
analyze the temporal nature of tourist attraction, thereby linking the
cognitive and organizational perspective of tourist attraction classification
by its temporal dimension. From the organizational perspective of tourist
attraction classification, a further purpose is to classify tourist attractions
regarding their temporal dimension. This paper shows the organizational
influence of time regarding when and how long an attraction occurs. The
cognitive and organizational perspective typologies of tourist attractions are
linked by a common unit of measurement: time. With regard to their temporal dimension,
tourist attractions are classified as STA - Stationary attraction and SEA -
Seasonal attractions. This study contributes to the literature by providing an
insight into the temporal dimension of tourist attractions and the
understanding of the cognitive and organizational perspective and their interconnection
within tourist attraction typology. The defined framework can be applied in the
comparison and evaluation of tourist attractions providing the basis for
further discussion on the nature of tourist attractions.
The Rasulullah's Way of Business: as the Best Example for Student
Authors: Uyuni Badrah
Published: September 2021

Doing business is one way to earn sustenance. As in a hadith Rasulullah PBUH states that ninety percent of sustenance lies in business, while the remaining ten percent is livestock. The point is that doing business will open nine doors to get wealth, while another door of sustenance is opened by breeding this shows how important business is in meeting the needs of human life, from the material side. Because ninety percent of the income obtained comes from business. A successful business cannot be separated from several things, one of which must be done based on trust, related to ethics, and related to profit. In practice, doing business according to Islamic law has been carried out by the Prophet Muhammad as a guide for Muslims, so that if a businessman does business according to the teachings of the Prophet, it is the same as carrying out the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad. More and more entrepreneurs are implementing the behavior of the Prophet in their business, including customer-oriented by maintaining customer satisfaction, openness to customers by applying honest aspects of commerce, conducting healthy competition in the economic market, must pay attention to aspects of justice so that no party is oppressed. Feel disadvantaged when doing business. This study aims to determine the correct implementation of business based on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and examine the messages conveyed by the Prophet Muhammad on the aspect of muamalah. This research uses a descriptive qualitative research method with secondary data or library research. Islamic business behavior that is free of usury (interest), gharar (uncertainty), and maysir (gambling) is considered better because of the value requirements. Therefore, extracting the values ​​of Islamic economic philosophy through the business behavior of Muhammad SAW is expected to be a solution for today's business behavior.
The Mean Overabundance of Manganese over the Surface of 21 Com from its Midultraviolet Spectra Recorded by IUE
Authors: Monier Richard
Published: September 2021

The coaddition of 21 mid ultraviolet spectra of 21 Com taken over the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) mission reveals three strong lines of Mn ii at 2576.10, 2593.72 and 2605.68 Å. The synthesis of these lines consistently yields a sizable overabundance of manganese about 10 times the solar manganese abundance. Inspection of the 10 individual spectra taken over the 24 hr monitoring of 21 Com with IUE on 1991 April 17 does not reveal convincing variations of these lines between rotational phases 0.18 and 0.65 of the 2 days period.
Impact of unilateral eyestalk ablation on Callinectes arcuatus (Ordway, 1863) under laboratory conditions: behavioral evaluation
Authors: Vargas-Téllez Irma , Escamilla-Montes Ruth , Arzola-González Juan F. , Diarte-Plata Genaro , Luna-González Antonio , Armenta-Leal Idalia , Verduzco-Chávez José R. , Román-Reyes José C. , Ignacio-Borrego Martín
Published: September 2021

Eyestalk ablation allows the removal of neurohormones that inhibit early reproduction and decreases the time to complete the molting cycle. The present study evaluated the impact of unilateral eyestalk ablation on the behavior of blue crab breeders Callinectes arcuatus in the short term under laboratory conditions. Immature male and female crabs and individuals in the intermolt stage were collected in Ohuira Bay, Ahome, Sinaloa, Mexico. Three bioassays were performed: males, females, and male-females each with three treatments; control + xylocaine (50 μL, 5%), squash ablation + xylocaine (50 μL, 5%), ablation by string ligation + xylocaine (50 μL, 5%), each with three replicas and three periods of evaluation after the ablation procedure (10 min, 2 h, and 24 h). Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to evaluate significances (P < 0.05) in the behavior of C. arcuatus. The sizes of blue crab C. arcuatus were 9.72 ± 1.0 cm of carapace width. The feeding behavior of the male-females bioassay was significant at 2 h (P < 0.05). The results obtained were satisfactory using two techniques, unilateral eyestalk ablation by squash and ligation in which pain and aggressiveness indicators were mitigated. Disorientation and aggressiveness in males were significant at 2 h (P < 0.05), and in females after 10 min, and 2 h after ablation (P < 0.05). In the male-females bioassay, aggressiveness was significant at 2 h (P < 0.05). Courtship and copulation were recorded in those crabs subjected to unilateral eyestalk squash ablation (13 and 8, respectively).
Digestible protein requirements for maintenance, growth, and efficiency of protein utilization in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) juveniles: an exponential nitrogen utilization model
Authors: Mansano Cleber F.M. , Da Silva Edney P. , Khan Kifayat U. , Macente Beatrice I. , Nascimento Thiago M.T. , Sakomura Nilva K. , Fernandes João B.K. , Takahashi Leonardo S.
Published: September 2021

The present study aimed to estimate digestible protein (DP) requirements for maintenance and growth and assess the efficiency of protein utilization in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) juveniles. A complete randomized design consisted of seven treatments, and five replicates (tanks) per treatment was used. After a one-week acclimation period, 350 pacu juveniles of 27.48 ± 1.8 g (initial average body weight - BW) were equally distributed among 35 tanks (10 fish per tank) of 450 L. Fish were fed with seven graded digestible protein levels (64.5, 111.8, 164.6, 217.1, 264.4, 316.2 and 369.5 g kg-1) three times a day until apparent satiation for 120 days. The monomolecular model parameters including nitrogen maintenance requirement (NMR) (37.76 mg BW0.67 kg-1 d-1), daily nitrogen deposition (ND) (194.8 mg BW0.67 kg-1 d-1), and protein intakes (based on metabolic BW) of 1638, 1902, and 2241 mg kg-1BW0.67 d-1 for 75, 80 and 85% maximum theoretical nitrogen retention (NRmaxT), respectively and the efficiency of protein utilization (529×10-6) were estimated through the relationship between nitrogen intake (NI) and ND. The digestible protein requirements for 75, 80, and 85% of NRmaxT were estimated as 187, 217, and 256 g kg-1 respectively by the monomolecular model based on the daily feed intake of 2% of live BW of pacu juveniles.
The Prevalence and Prognostic Impacts of Nucleophosmin Mutations in Adult Patients with De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Mostafa Hassan Naglaa , El-Sayed Noha , Aboul-Enein Khaled , Nabeeh Al-Fadally Lamyaa , Nabil Reem
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is known as cancer of the blood and bone marrow (BM) and is regarded as the commonest acute leukemia in adult patients.

AIM: In this study, the aim to investigate the nucleophosmin mutations and their prognostic impacts in patients that were recently diagnosed with AML.

METHODS: We have included patients who were newly diagnosed with AML and presented to the medical oncology clinics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, during the period from August 2016 to December 2018. To assess the laboratory and hematological outcomes of our patients, total RNA was extracted from BM and converted to cDNA then the expression of nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) type A mutation was done by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Comparative analysis was also conducted to study outcomes between the gene mutation groups.

RESULTS: We have included 89 AML patients in our study with a median age of 43 years (18–77). NPM1 gene mutation was detected in 37.1% of our patients by conventional PCR technique and agarose gel electrophoresis, of which 18% were NPM1 type A mutation. No significant differences were noticed between our patients based on their NPM1 gene mutation status (wild and mutant) in terms of sex, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and complete remission (CR). Lymphadenopathy was the only significant factor (p = 0.023). Surprisingly we found 9/33 patients had NPM1 mutation with recurrent cytogenetic abnormality. We found no statistical significance between mutation A and mutation non-A groups in any of the studied outcomes as sex, clinical and laboratory data, and CR.

CONCLUSION: NPM1 gene mutation A was relatively low among our population but did not significantly affect the outcomes.
The Role of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding in the Duration of the Third Stage of Delivery and the Amount of Blood Loss in the Fourth Stage in Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Lumbanraja Sarma , Marpaung Wardy Susanto , Ichsan Teuku Mohammad , Adenin Ichwanul , Simanjuntak Roy Yustin
Published: September 2021

Aims: To determine the effect of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF) in the third stage of labor and the amount of blood loss in the forth stage of delivery.
Methods: An experimental study comparing the duration of 3rd stage and the amount of blood loss in 4th stage in Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (EIBF), oxytocin administration, and Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IBF) given oxytocin at spontaneous vaginal delivery in delivery room of H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Sundari Hospital and Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital starting from March 2019 until the minimum sample was met.
Results: The data analysis results of the comparison of duration demonstrated p-value of 0.001The comparison among groups with post hoc analysis showed a meaningful comparison in this analysis with p value of 0.001, while duration of the3rd stage in group B compared to group C statistically did not show any significant difference with  p value of 1.00. The mean of amount of blood loss among groups A, B, and C respectively were 139 ± 11.8, 141.8 ± 12.4 and 132.1 ± 14.4 with p value 0.048.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the amount of blood loss in the fourth stage among the groups was not significantly different in each group. Comparisons of the amount of bleeding in group A vs. B, A vs. C and B vs. C are indicated by the p value of each group i.e. 1.0; 0184 and 0.059.
Epidemiological Trends of Rheumatoid Arthritis and PADI4, PTPN22, and HLA-DRB9 Genes Distribution in the Kazakhstan Population
Authors: Issilbayeva Argul , Kushugulova Almagul , Meiramova Assel , Kozhakhmetov Samat , Akhmetova Zhanar , Nurgaziyev Madiyar , Chulenbayeva Laura , Babenko Dmitriy , Kunz Jeannette , Ainabekova Bayan
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is 1% in the global population. The lack of epidemiological studies in developing countries makes it difficult to obtain a complete global epidemiological picture of RA. RA develops due to the interaction of multiple genetic and environmental factors, though the contribution of these factors to the various disease occurrence seen in different populations is unclear.

AIM: The aim of our study was to analyze the dynamics of the general prevalence and incidence of RA among the population of Kazakhstan in 2017–2019 as well as to investigate the three most common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of RA in the Kazakhstan population.

METHODS: The analysis of statistical data on Form 12 “On the health of the people and the health care system” was carried out. Prevalence and incidence rates were calculated according to generally accepted rules. Demographic data for the Republic of Kazakhstan were obtained from the official website stat.gov.kz. Our study included 70 RA patients and 113 control subjects. Blood samples were collected and genotyped for peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4), protein tyrosine phosphatase 22, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB9 SNPs by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS: The prevalence of RA in Kazakhstan in 2017–2019 was 0.36–0.38%, with an incidence rate of 0.085–0.087%, which can be comparable to data of other countries in Central Asia. The allele and genotypes frequency analyses were carried out between patients and controls. The HLA-DRB9 showed significant association of the G allele odds ratio (OR) 1.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.252–3.081), p= 0.0025 and G/G genotype OR = 3.67 (95% CI: 1.58–8.54), p = 0.00162 with RA in our sample. Strong association between anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) profile and PADI4 (OR 12.19 [95% CI: 2.19–67.94], p = 0.00115) was found.

CONCLUSION: There was an increase in RA prevalence with age among females and a higher crude prevalence and incidence of RA in the southern regions of Kazakhstan. HLA-DRB9 prevailed in Kazakhstani patients with RA, PADI4 showed association with ACPA-positive RA. Further studies on larger samples are required to confirm our obtained results.
Immunohistochemical Expression of Retinoblastoma Gene Product and p53 Protein in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder and its Relationship to Different Clinicopathological Parameters
Authors: Yahya Alaa , Rajab Alhamadani Zina A. , Mundher Mohanad
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Carcinoma of urinary bladder is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and constitutes a major health problem. Multiple risk factors are associated with this tumor and its prognosis will depend on different clinicopathological parameters. Over expression of P53 protein and mutant Rb gene is associated with more aggressive clinical and histopathological features of the tumor such as advanced stage and higher grade. AIM: The immunohistochemical expression of Rb gene and P53 gene will be assessed through their protein products in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder and then will be correlated with other well-known risk factors and prognostic parameters of bladder TCC, such as grading, tumor size, smoking, alcohol drinking, and family history. METHODS: Patients were recruited from the uro-surgical department/Surgical Subspecialties Teaching Hospital during the period from November 2020 through April 2021. In this study, patients enrolled were those suspected to have bladder carcinoma. The work up included a full history and clinical examination. Surgical samples were taken from the patients for histopathological evaluation; the study’s samples represented either endoscopic cup biopsy, transurethral resection of the tumor, or radical cystectomy. Sections obtained from these samples were stained with the conventional hematoxylin and eosin stain. Then, immunohistochemical staining for P53 and pRB was applied only for patients diagnosed with TCC. RESULTS: The differences between low-grade and high-grade tumors regarding pRb percentage score were statistically significant (p = 0.026), but were not significant regarding the intensity score (p = 0.094). There were significant correlations between tumor stage and both pRb intensity and percentage scores (p = 0.044 and 0.042, respectively). Differences between low-grade and high-grade tumors regarding p53 intensity score were significant (p = 0.022). The differences between low-grade and high-grade tumors regarding p53 percentage score were significant (p = 0.049). The differences between different tumor stages regarding p53 intensity score were significant (p = 0.018). The differences between different tumor stages regarding P53 percentage score were significant (p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Tumor’s grade was found to be correlated with the tumor stage with no correlation with the age, gender, smoking, family history of TCC, history of urinary tract infection, bladder stones, nor the recurrence of the tumor. The pRb intensity and the percentage scores were correlated to each other and to tumor’s grade and stage, except for the pRb intensity which showed no correlation with the tumor’s grade. The P53 intensity and percentage scores were correlated to each other and also to tumor’s grade and stage, so that P53 is over-expressed in tumors with higher grade and stage.
A Comparison between The Incidence of Paresthesia in Median and Paramedian Approaches of Intrathecal Anesthesia in Parturients Undergoing Cesarean Sections: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mahrous Reham , Alalfy Mahmoud , Hassan Hatem , Nagy Omar , Mandour Omnia , Yehia Amera , Hakeem Amr K. Abdel
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Paresthesia with intrathecal anesthesia occurs when the entry of the needle causes an uncomfortable pain, burning, or electric sensation that usually radiates to the buttocks or legs. The importance of avoiding paresthesia is to lower the risk of postoperative neurological problems, in addition to reducing the incidence of that unpleasant sensation. The majority of reported occurrences of nerve injury caused by spinal anesthesia were preceded by paresthesia during the spinal anesthesia needle insertion. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have been done to compare the incidence of paresthesia in cesarean sections using median and paramedian routes to provide spinal anesthetic.

AIM: Our study aimed to compare the incidence of paresthesia in the median and paramedian approaches of intrathecal anesthesia to predict its association with nerve injury.

METHODOLOGY: Two hundred-ninety-six parturients scheduled for elective cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia were in the study from November 2020 to January 2021. They were divided into two groups. The median group (n = 157) and the paramedian group (n = 135) according to the approach used for providing spinal anesthesia. The incidence of paresthesia was compared between both groups. The number of trials in each approach and the occurrence of postoperative neurological complications (for example: nerve injury, paraplegia, or foot drop) were also documented.

RESULTS: The sample size was calculated based on a pilot study that was conducted before the original study. The calculated sample size was based on an alpha error of 0.05 and 90% power. The incidence of paresthesia was higher in the median group (10.7%) than the paramedian (3.7) group with statistical significance (p = 0.039). In both groups, no postoperative neurological problems were noted in any groups.

CONCLUSION: The median group has significantly more incidence of paresthesia than the paramedian group. The significance of this finding is that the paramedian approach is expected to be less likely to cause neurologic problems during spinal anesthesia.