bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case report of exogenous lipoid pneumonia associated with avocado/soybean unsaponifiables
Authors: BOUTROS Jacques , MUZZONE Marine , BENZAQUEN Jonathan , LEVRAUT Michael , MARQUETTE Charles-Hugo , ROCHER Fanny , DIASCORN Yann , PADOVANI Bernard , HOFMAN Véronique , LEROY Sylvie
Published: December 2019

Background

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a rare disease resulting from intra-alveolar accumulation of lipids of mineral, vegetal, or animal origin, that induce a foreign body type of inflammatory reaction in the lungs. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and other esophageal abnormalities have often been associated with this disease.

Case presentation

We herein report the case of an 83-year-old patient in whom a follow-up chest computed tomography scan, for a lingular consolidation, showed multifocal ground glass and consolidative opacities with areas of low attenuation, suggestive of exogenous lipid pneumonia. The patient had been on piascledine capsules (avocado/soybean unsaponifiables) for 20 years and had a hiatal hernia with documented gastroesophageal reflux disease. After thorough history taking, no other predisposing factors were found. The diagnosis was confirmed using oil red staining of bronchoalveolar lavage showing lipid-laden macrophages and extracellular lipid droplets.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first case of ELP secondary to avocado/soybean unsaponifiables in the literature.
Effectiveness of a chat-bot for the adult population to quit smoking: protocol of a pragmatic clinical trial in primary care (Dejal@)
Authors:   the Group Dej@lo, Avila-Tomas J. F. , Olano-Espinosa E. , Minué-Lorenzo C. , Martinez-Suberbiola F. J. , Matilla-Pardo B. , Serrano-Serrano M. E. , Escortell-Mayor E.
Published: December 2019

Background

The wide scale and severity of consequences of tobacco use, benefits derived from cessation, low rates of intervention by healthcare professionals, and new opportunities stemming from novel communications technologies are the main factors motivating this project. Thus, the purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an intervention that helps people cease smoking and increase their nicotine abstinence rates in the long term via a chat-bot, compared to usual practice, utilizing a chemical validation at 6 months.

Methods

Design: Randomized, controlled, multicentric, pragmatic clinical trial, with a 6-month follow-up. Setting: Healthcare centers in the public healthcare system of the Community of Madrid (Madrid Regional Health Service). Participants: Smokers > 18 years of age who attend a healthcare center and accept help to quit smoking in the following month. N = 460 smokers (230 per arm) who will be recruited prior to randomization. Intervention group: use of a chat-bot with evidence-based contents to help quit smoking. Control group: Usual treatment (according to the protocol for tobacco cessation by the Madrid Regional Health Service Main variable: Continuous nicotine withdrawal with chemical validation (carbon monoxide in exhaled air). Intention-to-treat analysis. Difference between groups in continuous abstinence rates at 6 months with their corresponding 95% confidence interval. A logistic regression model will be built to adjust for confounding factors. Results: First expected results in January 2020.

Discussion

Providing science-based evidence on the effectiveness of clinical interventions via information technologies, without the physical presence of a professional, is essential. In addition to being more efficient, the characteristics of these interventions can improve effectiveness, accessibility, and adherence to treatment. From an ethics perspective, this new type of intervention must be backed by scientific evidence to circumvent pressures from the market or particular interests, improve patient safety, and follow the standards of correct practices for clinical interventions.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, reference number NCT 03445507.
Challenges and practices in promoting (ageing) employees working career in the health care sector – case studies from Germany, Finland and the UK
Authors: Merkel Sebastian , Ruokolainen Mervi , Holman Daniel
Published: November 2019

Background

The health and social care sector (HCS) is currently facing multiple challenges across Europe: against the background of ageing societies, more people are in need of care. Simultaneously, several countries report a lack of skilled personnel. Due to its structural characteristics, including a high share of part-time workers, an ageing workforce, and challenging working conditions, the HCS requires measures and strategies to deal with these challenges.

Methods

This qualitative study analyses if and how organisations in three countries (Germany, Finland, and the UK) report similar challenges and how they support longer working careers in the HCS. Therefore, we conducted multiple case studies in care organisations. Altogether 54 semi-structured interviews with employees and representatives of management were carried out and analysed thematically.

Results

Analysis of the interviews revealed that there are similar challenges reported across the countries. Multiple organisational measures and strategies to improve the work ability and working life participation of (ageing) workers were identified. We identified similar challenges across our cases but different strategies in responding to them. With respect to the organisational measures, our results showed that the studied organisations did not implement any age-specific management strategies but realised different reactive and proactive human relation measures aiming at maintaining and improving employees’ work ability (i.e., health, competence and motivation) and longer working careers.

Conclusions

Organisations within the HCS tend to focus on the recruitment of younger workers and/or migrant workers to address the current lack of skilled personnel. The idea of explicitly focusing on ageing workers and the concept of age management as a possible solution seems to lack awareness and/or popularity among organisations in the sector. The concept of age management offers a broad range of measures, which could be beneficial for both, employees and employers/organisations. Employees could benefit from a better occupational well-being and more meaningful careers, while employers could benefit from more committed employees with enhanced productivity, work ability and possibly a longer career.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Circular RNA ITCH suppressed prostate cancer progression by increasing HOXB13 expression via spongy miR-17-5p
Authors: Wang Xuegang , Wang Rong , Wu Zhun , Bai Peide
Published: December 2019

Background

Circular RNA Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Circ-ITCH) is significantly down-regulated in various kinds of tumors, however, the mechanisms of action and functions of circITCH gene in prostate cancer (PC) are still under investigation. The mail goal of this research was to study the functional role of Circ-ITCH gene in prostate cancer and to illuminate the function role of circ-ITCH gene in prostate cancer by targeting miR-17-5p/HOXB13.

Methods

RT-qPCR was applied to measure the expression level of circ-ITCH and miR-17-5p in PC cell lines and tissues. CCK-8, colony formation, Brdu incorporation labeling and flow cytometry assays were applied to detect the effects of circ-ITCH and miR-17-5p on proliferation and cell apoptosis. Target gene prediction and screening, luciferase reporter gene assays were utilized to assess downstream target genes of miR-17-5p and Circ-ITCH. The protein and expression of HOXB13 gene were measured by Western blotting and RT-qPCR.

Results

CircITCH was significantly reduced in PC cell lines and tissues. Low circITCH expression level was highly related with preoperative PSA, tumor stage and Gleason score. Overexpression of circITCH can inhibit the malignant phenotype of prostate cancer. There was a high negative relationship between the expression level of microRNA-17-5p and circITCH in PC tissues, however, there existed a positive relationship between the expression of HOXB13 and circITCH. CircITCH acted as a sponge of miR-17-5p to increase HOXB13 gene expression. In addition, miR-17-5p overexpression or HOXB13 silencing can reduce the carcinogenic effects of circICCH in prostate cancer.

Conclusion

CircITCH promoted prostate cancer progression by regulating the HOXB13/miR-17-5p axis, and circITCH have a potential usage as therapeutic target for PC tumors.
Combining RANK/RANKL and ERBB-2 targeting as a novel strategy in ERBB-2-positive breast carcinomas
Authors: Zoi Ilianna , Karamouzis Michalis V. , Xingi Evangelia , Sarantis Panagiotis , Thomaidou Dimitra , Lembessis Panayiotis , Theocharis Stamatios , Papavassiliou Athanasios G.
Published: December 2019

Background

ERBB-2 is overexpressed in about 20% of breast cancers (BCs), indicating poor prognosis. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) pathway is implicated in ERBB-2 (+) BC. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of this interaction and the beneficial impact of dual targeting of RANK and ERBB-2 pathways.

Methods

We used SKBR3, MCF7, MDA-MB-453, and BT-474 human BC cell lines. We examined RANK and RANKL expression using RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. The evaluation of RANK expression in a cohort of BC patients was performed using immunohistochemistry. The interaction between RANK and ERBB family members was detected using proximity ligation assay (PLA), which enables the visualization of interacting proteins. We used inhibitors of both pathways [trastuzumab (T), pertuzumab (P), denosumab (D)]. NF-κB pathway activation was studied using Western blot. Cell growth and viability was evaluated using XTT, flow cytometry, and clonogenic assay. For cell migration evaluation, scratch assay was performed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA.

Results

Cell lines express RANK and RANKL. RANK immunostaining was also detected in human BC tissue samples. RANK receptor dimerizes with ERBB family members. RANK/ERBB-2 dimer number seems to be associated with ERBB-2 expression (SKBR3, 5.4; BT-474, 8.2; MCF7, 0.7; MDA-MB-453, 0.3). RANK/ERBB-2 dimers were decreased in the presence of the inhibitors D, T, and P, while they were increased after RANKL (R) treatment in SKBR3 (m, 5.4; D, 1.2; T, 1.9; DT, 0.6; TP, 1; DTP, 0.4; R, 11.8) and BT-474 (m, 8.2; D, 3.1; T, 4.3; DT, 0.7; TP, 3.4; DTP, 3.2; R, 11.6). Combination targeting of SKBR3 further decreased NF-κB pathway activation compared to single targeting. In SKBR3, RANKL and ERBB-2 blockage resulted in reduced cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and lower metastatic potential compared to mock cells (m) and reversed values in RANKL presence. The combination treatment of SKBR3 with D, T, and P had an advantage in functional traits compared to single targeting. Denosumab suppressed NF-κB signaling and diminished proliferation rate in MDA-MB-453 cells. MCF7 did not correspond to inhibitors.

Conclusions

The results indicate a novel physical and molecular association between ERBB-2 and RANK pathways that affects ERBB-2 (+) BC growth. We also present data suggesting that the combination of anti-ERBB-2 agents and RANKL inhibitors have a potential direct anti-tumor effect and should be further tested in certain BC patients.
Fetal liver mesenchymal stem cells restore ovarian function in premature ovarian insufficiency by targeting MT1
Authors: Huang Boxian , Qian Chunfeng , Ding Chenyue , Meng Qingxia , Zou Qinyan , Li Hong
Published: November 2019

Background

With the development of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering technology, almost all stem cell therapy is efficacious for the treatment of premature ovarian failure (POF) or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) animal models, whereas little stem cell therapy has been practiced in clinical settings. The underlying molecular mechanism and safety of stem cell treatment in POI are not fully understood. In this study, we explored whether fetal mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) from the liver restore ovarian function and whether melatonin membrane receptor 1 (MT1) acts as a regulator for treating POI disease.

Methods

We designed an in vivo model (chemotherapy-induced ovary damage) and an in vitro model (human ovarian granulosa cells (hGCs)) to understand the efficacy and molecular cues of fMSC treatment of POI. Follicle development was observed by H&E staining. The concentration of sex hormones in serum (E2, AMH, and FSH) and the concentration of oxidative and antioxidative metabolites and the enzymes MDA, SOD, CAT, LDH, GR, and GPx were measured by ELISA. Flow cytometry (FACS) was employed to detect the percentages of ROS and proliferation rates. mRNA and protein expression of antiapoptotic genes (SURVIVIN and BCL2), apoptotic genes (CASPASE-3 and CASPASE-9), and MT1 and its downstream genes (JNK1, PCNA, AMPK) were tested by qPCR and western blotting. MT1 siRNA and related antagonists were used to assess the mechanism.

Results

fMSC treatment prevented cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced follicle loss and recovered sex hormone levels. Additionally, fMSCs significantly decreased oxidative damage, increased oxidative protection, improved antiapoptotic effects, and inhibited apoptotic genes in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, fMSCs also upregulated MT1, JNK1, PCNA, and AMPK at the mRNA and protein levels. With MT1 knockdown or antagonist treatment in normal hGCs, the protein expression of JNK1, PCNA, and AMPK and the percentage of proliferation were impaired.

Conclusions

fMSCs might play a crucial role in mediating follicular development in the POI mouse model and stimulating the activity of POI hGCs by targeting MT1.
Identification and denitrification characteristics of a salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium Pannonibacter phragmitetus F1
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Zhu Hui , Shutes Brian , Fu Baorong , Yan Baixing , Yu Xiangfei , Wen Huiyang , Chen Xin
Published: December 2019

A salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium F1 was isolated in this study, which has high nitrite (NO2−–N) and nitrate (NO3−–N) removal abilities. The salt tolerance capacity of strain F1 was further verified and the effects of initial pH, initial NaNO2 concentration and inoculation size on the denitrification capacity of strain F1 under saline conditions were evaluated. Strain F1 was identified as Pannonibacter phragmitetus and named Pannonibacter phragmitetus F1. This strain can tolerate NaCl concentrations up to 70 g/L, and its most efficient denitrification capacity was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0–10 g/L. Under non-saline condition, the removal percentages of NO2−–N and NO3−–N by strain Pannonibacter phragmitetus F1 at pH of 10 and inoculation size of 5% were 100% and 83%, respectively, after cultivation for 5 days. Gas generation was observed during the cultivation, indicating that an efficient denitrification performance was achieved. When pH was 10 and the inoculation size was 5%, both the highest removal percentages of NO2−–N (99%) and NO3−–N (95%) by strain Pannonibacter phragmitetus F1 were observed at NaCl concentration of 10 g/L. When the NaCl concentration was 10 g/L, strain Pannonibacter phragmitetus F1 can adapt to a wide range of neutral and alkaline environments (pH of 7–10) and is highly tolerant of NaNO2 concentration (0.4–1.6 g/L). In conclusion, strain Pannonibacter phragmitetus F1 has a great potential to be applied in the treatment of saline wastewater containing high nitrogen concentrations, e.g. coastal aquaculture wastewater.
Innovation and The Israel Journal of Health Policy Research
Authors: Rosen Bruce , Israeli Avi , Schoenbaum Stephen
Published: December 2019

The Israel Journal of Health Policy Research (IJHPR) is a peer-reviewed, on-line, open access journal, sponsored by Israel’s National Institute for Health Policy Research. We believe that it is both an innovative platform and a platform for innovation. Within just 2 years of its launch in 2012, the IJHPR was accepted into the prestigious Web of Science – primarily because of its innovative positioning as a journal that is simultaneously national and international. This positioning has contributed to annual growth of over 20% in both submissions and publications and to the IJHPR being ranked among the top half of public health journals, just 6 years after its launch date.

The IJHPR has also served as a platform for numerous innovations, including:

Sharing with the international community information about Israeli innovations in public health, health policy, health care delivery, and more.

Enhancing the impact of empirical studies by Israeli scholars via commentaries by leading scholars from abroad – including 18 commentaries from scholars based at Harvard and one commentary by a Nobel laureate in economics.

Developing a new genre of articles for Israel, namely, broad policy analyses focused on major challenges facing Israeli health care.

Creating dynamic, constantly growing, article collections in such fields as digital health, pharmaceutical policy and health care equity, to highlight areas of excellence as well as important issues in Israeli health care and health policy.

Disseminating to a wide audience the essence of major Israeli health policy workshops and conferences.

We feel that the IJHPR has significant potential to contribute more, and in new ways, in the years ahead. We look forward to your suggestions for innovative enhancements of the IJHPR.
Dengue fever and chikungunya virus infections: identification in travelers in Uganda – 2017
Authors: Kayiwa John T. , Nankya Annet M. , Ataliba Irene , Nassuna Charity A. , Omara Isaac E. , Koehler Jeffrey W. , Dye John M. , Mossel Eric C. , Lutwama Julius J.
Published: November 2019

Arboviruses are (re-) emerging viruses that cause significant morbidity globally. Clinical manifestations usually consist of a non-specific febrile illness that may be accompanied by rash, arthralgia and arthritis and/or with neurological or hemorrhagic syndromes. The broad range of differential diagnoses of other infectious and non-infectious etiologies presents a challenge for clinicians. While knowledge of the geographic distribution of pathogens and the current epidemiological situation, incubation periods, exposure risk factors and vaccination history can help guide the diagnostic approach, the non-specific and variable clinical presentation can delay final diagnosis. This case report summarizes the laboratory-based findings of three travel-related cases of arbovirus infections in Uganda. These include a patient from Bangladesh with chikungunya virus infection and two cases of dengue fever from Ethiopia. Early detection of travel-imported cases by public health laboratories is important to reduce the risk of localized outbreaks of arboviruses such as dengue virus and chikungunya virus. Because of the global public health importance and the continued risk of (re-) emerging arbovirus infections, specific recommendations following diagnosis by clinicians should include obtaining travel histories from persons with arbovirus-compatible illness and include differential diagnoses when appropriate.
Effect of etoposide on grass pea DNA topoisomerase II: an in silico, in vivo, and in vitro assessments
Authors: Samanta Aveek , Maity Tilak Raj , Das Sudip , Datta Animesh Kumar , Datta Siraj
Published: December 2019

Background

Etoposide is one of the most potential anti-cancerous drugs that targets topoisomerase II (topoII) and inhibits its activity by ligation with the DNA molecule.

Results

In silico study confirmed that the etoposide-binding sites of topoII are conserved among the plants and human. The efficacy of the drug on plant system was initially assessed using germinated grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) seedlings (in vivo) in relation to radicle length and mitotic index. The callus system (in vitro) was also used to elucidate the effect of etoposide on callus growth kinetics. Furthermore, it was observed that etoposide able to inhibit the division of polyploid cells induced by colchicine treatment (0.5%, 8 h). To determine the molecular interaction, topoII was isolated from young grass pea leaves using polyethylene glycol fractionation and ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by column chromatography on CM-Sephadex (C-25). The plasmid linearization assays by isolated plant topoII in the presence of etoposide significantly revealed the functional similarity of plants and human topoII. Results indicated that the effect of etoposide on plant topoII is significant.

Conclusions

This study may pave the way to develop a plant-based assay system for screening the topoisomerase targeted anti-cancerous drugs, as it is convenient and cost-effective.
Mental health burden and unmet needs for treatment: a call for justice
Authors: Dakić Tea
Published: December 2019

The massive burden of mental disorders adversely affects global health, economy and human rights situations. Yet research investments are shifting from psychiatry toward other more cost-effective fields of medicine. This editorial calls for conscious capitalism and prioritisation of mental health by reflecting on mental health disparities through the prism of justice.
Supporting mental health disclosure decisions: the Honest, Open, Proud programme
Authors: Scior Katrina , Rüsch Nicolas , White Chris , Corrigan Patrick W.
Published: December 2019

The stigma associated with mental health problems leaves many feeling they have to ‘hide’ their difficulties. Supporting them in making disclosure decisions can potentially improve well-being, reduce self-stigma and support recovery processes. In this editorial we discuss the case for interventions designed for this purpose and present one prominent programme: Honest, Open, Proud.
Molecular Characterization of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a North American Cohort
Authors: Garg Abhimanyu , Fazio Sergio , Duell P Barton , Baass Alexis , Udata Chandrasekhar , Joh Tenshang , Riel Tom , Sirota Marina , Dettling Danielle , Liang Hong , Garzone Pamela D , Gumbiner Barry , Wan Hong
Published: November 2019

Background

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) confers a very high risk of premature cardiovascular disease and is commonly caused by mutations in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB), or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and very rarely in LDLR adaptor protein 1 (LDLRAP1) genes.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of pathogenic mutations in the LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 in a cohort of subjects who met Simon Broome criteria for FH and compare the clinical characteristics of mutation-positive and mutation-negative subjects.

Methods

Ninety-three men and 107 women aged 19 to 80 years from lipid clinics in the United States and Canada participated. Demographic and historical data were collected, physical examination performed, and serum lipids/lipoproteins analyzed. Targeted sequencing analyses of LDLR and PCSK9 coding regions and exon 26 of APOB were performed followed by detection of LDLR deletions and duplications.

Results

Disease-causing LDLR and APOB variants were identified in 114 and 6 subjects, respectively. Of the 58 LDLR variants, 8 were novel mutations. Compared with mutation-positive subjects, mutation-negative subjects were older (mean 49 years vs 57 years, respectively) and had a higher proportion of African Americans (1% vs 12.5%), higher prevalence of hypertension (21% vs 46%), and higher serum triglycerides (median 86 mg/dL vs 122 mg/dL) levels.

Conclusions

LDLR mutations were the most common cause of heterozygous FH in this North American cohort. A strikingly high proportion of FH subjects (40%) lacked mutations in known culprit genes. Identification of underlying genetic and environmental factors in mutation-negative patients is important to further our understanding of the metabolic basis of FH and other forms of severe hypercholesterolemia.
A Novel TBX1 Variant Causing Hypoparathyroidism and Deafness
Authors: Alghamdi Malak , Al Khalifah Reem , Al Homyani Doua K , Alkhamis Waleed H , Arold Stefan T , Ekhzaimy Aishah , El-Wetidy Mohammed , Kashour Tarek , Halwani Rabih
Published: November 2019

Background

The TBX1 gene encodes the T-box 1 protein that is a transcription factor involved in development. Haploinsufficiency of the TBX1 gene is reported to cause features similar to DiGeorge syndrome. The TBX1 gene is located within the DiGeorge syndrome region, and studies support that the TBX1gene is responsible for most of the features of the phenotype of hemizygous deletion of chromosome 22q11.2. In this study, we report a family of 4 (a father with 3 children) who presented with congenital hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia, facial asymmetry, deafness, normal intelligence, and no cardiac involvement.

Methods

We performed whole genome sequencing, computational structural analysis of the mutants, and gene expression studies for all affected family members.

Results

Whole genome sequencing revealed a paternal inherited novel heterozygous variant, c.1158_1159delinsT p.(Gly387Alafs*73), in the exon 9 isoform C TBX1 gene, causing a loss of nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and transactivation domain (TAD) with no change in gene expression and resulted in a DiGeorge-like phenotype.

Conclusion

A pathogenic variant in the TBX1 gene exon 9 C that predicted to cause a loss in the NLS region and most of TAD leads to variable features of hypoparathyroidism, distinctive facial features, deafness, and no cardiac involvement. In addition, our report and previous reports indicate the presence of a wide phenotypic spectrum of TBX1 genetic variants and the consistent absence of cardiac involvement in the case of pathogenic variants on exon 9 isoform C TBX1 gene.
Mitochondrial and Metabolic Myopathies
Authors: Cohen Bruce H.
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

This article provides an overview of mitochondrial and metabolic biology, the genetic mechanisms causing mitochondrial diseases, the clinical features of mitochondrial diseases, lipid myopathies, and glycogen storage diseases, all with a focus on those syndromes and diseases associated with myopathy. Over the past decade, advances in genetic testing have revolutionized patient evaluation. The main goal of this review is to give the clinician the basic understanding to recognize patients at risk of these diseases using the standard history and physical examination.

RECENT FINDINGS

Primary mitochondrial diseaseis the current designation for the illnesses resulting from genetic mutations in genes whose protein products are necessary for mitochondrial structure or function. In most circumstances, more than one organ system is involved in mitochondrial disease, and the value of the classic clinical features as originally described early in the history of mitochondrial diseases has reemerged as being important to identifying patients who may have a primary mitochondrial disease. The use of the genetic laboratory has become the most powerful tool for confirming a diagnosis, and nuances of using genetic results will be discussed in this article. Treatment for mitochondrial disease is symptomatic, with less emphasis on vitamin and supplement therapy than in the past. Clinical trials using pharmacologic agents are in progress, with the field attempting to define proper goals of treatment. Several standard accepted therapies exist for many of the metabolic myopathies.

Mitochondrial, lipid, and glycogen diseases are not uncommon causes of multisystem organ dysfunction, with the neurologic features, especially myopathy, occurring as a predominant feature. Early recognition requires basic knowledge of the varied clinical phenotypes before moving forward with a screening evaluation and possibly a genetic evaluation. Aside from a few specific diseases for which there are recommended interventions, treatment for the majority of these disorders remains symptomatic, with clinical trials currently in progress that will hopefully result in standard treatments.
Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty for isolated pyloric stricture caused by corrosive ingestion in children
Authors: Soomro Muhammad Aqil , Aftab Maryam , Hasan Maria , Arbab Hana
Published: November 2019

Corrosive ingestion in children is a common problem in low income countries. These agents cause injuries and later strictures of esophagus and stomach. Gastric outlet obstruction is known complication of acids and surgery is the mainstay of treatment. There are multitude of surgical options for these strictures depending on the involved segment of the stomach and experience of the surgeon. Here we present three cases of children who accidentally ingested acid stored in soda bottles and subsequently developed isolated pyloric strictures. These cases presented between August 2018 and April 2019 to our facility, a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. All three patients had an initial latent period of one to two weeks following corrosive ingestion, after which symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction appeared. Intraoperatively, all three had normal esophagus and antrum but scarred and strictured pylorus. Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty was done in these cases without complications and the outcomes were satisfactory.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.ICON-Suppl.1714

How to cite this:Soomro MA, Aftab M, Hasan M, Arbab H. Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty for isolated pyloric stricture caused by corrosive ingestion in children. Pak J Med Sci. Special Supplement ICON 2020. 2020;36(1):S87-S90.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.ICON-Suppl.1714

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Acknowledgement
Authors: Shaikh Quratulain
Published: November 2019

Acknowledgement
The state of cancer in Meru, Kenya: a retrospective study
Authors: Kobia Francis , Gitaka Jesse , Makokha Francis , Kamita Moses , Kibera Joshua , Mwenda Cynthia , Mucee Gladys , Kilingo Bactrin
Published: December 2019

Background: It is projected that by 2030, 70% of all cancer related deaths will occur in low-middle income countries. However, data on the state of cancer in most African countries is scanty. Cancer estimates for Kenya are based on the Nairobi and Eldoret cancer registries, leaving most parts of the country unrepresented. Lacking national coverage, these data do not accurately reflect Kenya’s cancer burden. The paucity of reliable data impedes formulation of effective cancer control strategies and cancer research prioritization. Here, we report the findings of a retrospective study of the cancer state in Meru County, Kenya.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patient files at Meru hospice was carried out. 2349 cancer cases seen at the Meru hospice between 2003 and 2018 were analyzed. Data abstracted from the records included patient age, gender and cancer type. The abstracted data was analyzed by descriptive statistics.

Results: Our results indicate that cancer is almost evenly distributed across genders, with men accounting for 49% and women 51%. Stomach cancer rates are strikingly elevated and equal to those in countries with the highest stomach cancer rates globally – making it the commonest cancer in this region (14%). Among men, the most common cancers affect the prostate (18%), stomach (17%), esophagus (14%), head & neck (12%), liver (8%) and colorectum (5%). Among women, the commonest are cancers of the breast (22%), cervix (20%), stomach (11%), esophagus (8%), head & neck (6%) and liver (5%). Breast cancer occurs at a notably early age, with 20% of those affected aged below 40. Lung cancer rates are notably low in this region (1.3%) relative to world estimates.

Conclusion: Cancer distribution in Meru is nearly even between sexes. Our analysis suggests that the Meru region is a stomach cancer hotspot and that it also experiences elevated esophageal cancer levels.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Existing Methods for Managing Receivables of an Enterprise
Authors: Виноградова Татьяна , Vinogradova Tat'yana
Published: November 2019

The article contains a description and analysis of existing methods of managing and controlling the accounts receivable of an enterprise. Methods are grouped into subgroups. In total, the author distinguishes four groups of methods that are used universally in both Russian and foreign practice. For each group of methods, their advantages and disadvantages in practical application are described. The article also presents the results of a study conducted by the author. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of receivables management in Russian companies. According to the results of the study, the reasons for the low efficiency of this process are identified and described. As well as factors affecting the likelihood of overdue receivables. The conclusion of article describes the recommendations that must be considered when managing the receivables of an enterprise and building relationships with debtors. These recommendations will be useful to the heads of financial services of the enterprise if it is necessary to improve the business process of working with debtors.
On the occurrence of Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha: Belostomatidae) in Rhodes (eastern Mediterranean Sea)

Authors: CORSINI-FOKA MARIA , KONDYLATOS GERASIMOS , KATSOGIANNOU IOANNA , GRITZALIS KONSTANTINOS , INSACCO GIANNI
Published: December 2019

The finding in 2017 of a female of Lethocerus patruelis, a species rarely collected in the Aegean Islands, is documented from Rhodes (Greece), more than 160 years after its first record in the same island. The general distribution of the giant water bug and its occurrence in the area are briefly discussed.Keywords: Belostomatidae, giant water bug, Lethocerus patruelis, Aegean Sea, Rhodes, Greece
Strategies for economical next-generation 50G and 100G passive optical networks [Invited]
Authors: van Veen Doutje , Houtsma Vincent
Published: December 2019

This paper discusses whether scaling current time-division-multiplexed passive optical network technology based on intensity modulation with direct detection with on–off-keying to even higher bit rates can continue to meet future bandwidth demands in a cost-effective way or if other strategies like alternative modulation formats, transmission technologies, digital signal processing, and/or expansion of capacity via multiple wavelengths are required to enable economical next-generation 50G and 100G passive optical networks.
Introduction to the OFC 2019 Special Issue
Authors: Simmons Jane M.
Published: December 2019

This special issue includes extensions of invited and top-scored optical networking papers that were presented at the Optical Fiber Communication (OFC) Conference, held in San Diego, CA, March 10–14, 2019. We present an overview of the array of topics covered in the papers, tied in with some perspective on what drives optical networking research.
Staat, Sicherheit und Gewalt in Kamerun
Authors: Ketzmerick Maria
Published: December 2019

Der Staatsbildungsprozess in Kamerun entwickelte sich trotz internationaler Beobachtung und UN-mandatierter Treuhandsituation gewaltvoll. Zentral war der Konflikt um die Übergabe des Gewaltmonopols und die Kommunikation von Sicherheit, Unsicherheit und Bedrohung, da anti-koloniale Kräfte, lokale Eliten und internationale Verwalter ihre Ansprüche an den zukünftigen Staat über Sicherheitssprechen vermittelten. Im Zusammendenken von postkolonialen Theorien und Sicherheitsforschung entwickelt Maria Ketzmerick eine Verlaufsperspektive auf den Staatsbildungsprozess, die Erklärungsgehalt für aktuelle Konfliktlagen in Kamerun hat, und ermittelt darüber hinaus Narrative von Sicherheit, die im postkolonialen Staat eine Fortschreibung erfuhren.
Quality of silage produced from intercropped corn RR and soybeans RR
Authors: Cardoso Isabella Sichierski , Jakelaitis Adriano , Marques Karolyna Oliveira , Guimarães Katia Cylene , Pereira Leandro Spíndola
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study was to produce silage from intercropped RR glyphosate tolerant corn (RR - Roundup Ready) and RR soybeans under Brazilian Cerrado conditions. The research was carried out in off-season between February and June 2015, in Rio Verde, Goiás (Brazil). In the experimental period the rainfall was 865 mm and the average temperature of 23.7°C. Two trials were performed. The first had corn rows spaced in 1 m with a row of soybeans in the interrow. The second had double corn rows interspersed with one row of soybeans, all spaced in 0.50 m. In both trials, we used a randomized block design, in a 2x2+3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Primary factor consisted of two types of pre-sowing fertilization: one only in corn rows and the other over the total area. The secondary factor corresponded to two soybean varieties: medium and late cycle variety. In addition, three control treatments were made: one of corn and two of soybeans. The corn cutoff point was at the hard farinaceous stage when the milk line reaches half the grain, and in the sole crop soybean at the R5.5 final phase of grain filling. Silage was stored in PVC experimental silos for 60 days. The intercropped treatments, in both spatial arrangements, promoted increases in neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents. Soybean monoculture presented high values of crude protein and ethereal extract. There were higher effluent losses in medium-cycle soybean variety silage when it was grown in single cropping. However, the lowest effluent losses were recorded for silages of medium-cycle soybean intercropped under a double row pre-sowing corn fertilization system. The soybeans mixed silages produced together with corn under off-season conditions did not yield satisfactory results.
Photoperiodic effects in blood glucose, cortisol, hematological parameters and reproductive indexes of gift lineage reversed male tilapia
Authors: Bizarro Yvonaldo wladimir saldanha , Navarro Rodrigo Diana , Ribeiro Filho Oswaldo Pinto , Navarro Fernanda Keley Silva Pereira , Navarro Rodrigo Diana
Published: December 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the photoperiod on the physiological, hematological and reproductive parameters of tilapia males of the GIFT lineage. The treatments differed in the simulations of emeral photoperiods T1 = 0L: 24E T2 = 24L: 0E, T3 = 12L: 12E. Each aquarium was considered an experimental unit. In the present study, tilapia males under different photoperiods did not present significant differences in gonad weight and gonadosomatic index. At the end of the experiment, there were also no significant differences in hepatosomatic indexes (IHS) of Tilapia males under different treatments. In the present experiment, it was observed that the 0L: 24E treatment obtained a shorter testicular length in relation to the other treatments. In addition, the Tilapia submitted to 24L: 0E presented significant difference for the glucose levels, and did not present significant difference for cortisol levels and survival rate compared withthe other treatments. There were no statistical differences for hematological values. Exposure to different light regimes has shown that for GIFT tilapia, the photoperiod that promotes better reproductive index and well-being conditions is the photoperiod (12L: 12E).
Germination and osmotic adjustment in Salvia hispanica L. (Lamiaceae) seedlings under water and thermal stress
Authors: Paiva Emanoela Pereira de , Torres Salvador Barros , Oliveira Renata Ramayane Torquato , Sá Francisco Vanies da Silva , Leite Moadir de Sousa , Alves Tatianne Raianne Costa , Oliveira Daniela Marques de
Published: December 2019

Salvia hispanica seedlings have stood out for their potentialities in nutrients for agri-food industries. Nevertheless, studies related to this species are still scarce, especially with respect to agronomic factors that enable its propagation and development. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate germination, vigor and osmotic adjustment of S. hispanica seeds and seedlings subjected to water and thermal stress. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments arranged in factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) (0.0; -0.1; -0.2; -0.3 and -0.4 MPa) and five temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 20-30 °C), with four replicates of 50 seeds in each treatment. Germination test was set on blotter paper, moistened with PEG 6000 solutions at the previously mentioned potentials, under 8-h photoperiod. The following variables were analyzed: germination, germination speed index, seedling shoot length, seedling root length, seedling dry matter and contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids, amino acids, proline and sugars. Polyethylene glycol levels of -0.4 MPa at all temperatures and -0.3 MPa at 30 °C and 20-30 °C enable germination and vigor of S. hispanica seedlings. S. hispanica seedlings are able to perform osmotic adjustment under water stress conditions up to the level of -0.3 MPa, when grown from seeds germinated at temperatures of up to 25 ºC.
Effect of packaging materials and storage environment on fennel seedling growth
Authors: Rubim Raquel Fialho , Freitas Silvério de Paiva , Vieira Henrique Duarte , Oliveira Anna Christina Sanazário de , Lemos Gloria Cristina da Silva
Published: December 2019

The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of the packaging material (cotton cloth bag, multifolium paper and glass container) and storage environment (laboratory and cold chamber conditions) on fennel seedling growth. Seeds were placed in different packaging materials and exposed to the two environments for twelve months. Assessments were made before storage and at every two months and the following were determined: total emergence, emergence speed index, seedling fresh and dry matter. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replications in a 2 x 3 x 6+1 factorial design in split split plots, where the plot was the storage environment (laboratory and cold chamber conditions); the split plot was the storage (cotton cloth bag, multifolium paper and glass container) and the split plot was the storage periods (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months) and plus an additional treatment (before storage). The results showed that the fennel seedlings had superior growth when their seeds were placed in the glass packaging material, regardless of the storage environment.
Genetic parameters and path analysis of traits of upland cotton for the brazilian semi-arid region
Authors: Queiroz Damião Ranieri , Farias Francisco José Correa , Cavalcanti José Jaime Vasconcelos , Carvalho Luiz Paulo de , Neder Diogo Gonçalves , MELOde Melo Gérsia Gonçalves , Costa Djayran Sobral , Farias Filipe Cavalcanti , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo
Published: December 2019

Upland cotton fiber is one of the most used natural fibers in the production of textile materials worldwide. For this reason, the selection of genotypes that meet the industry’s requirements is one of the main goals of cotton breeding programs. This study aimed to estimate the phenotypic and genotypic correlations among fiber traits and identify the direct and indirect effects of these traits on seed cotton yield of upland cotton genotypes in the semi-arid Brazilian Northeast. This study assessed 21 upland cotton genotypes from a complete diallel cross without reciprocals. The design was randomized blocks, with three replications and 21 treatments. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Patos - PB, in 2015. The statistical analysis consisted of analysis of variance by the F test, phenotypic and genotypic correlation analysis, and path analysis. The studied materials revealed genetic variability for all traits. Path analysis has shown that the traits fiber elongation, fiber strength, and fiber fineness have a direct positive effect on seed cotton yield.
Soil attributes and weed seedbank spatial correlation
Authors: De Avila Ígor Araujo Menezes , Hurtado Sandro Manuel Carmelino , De Jezus Gabriel Camargo , Silva Gustavo Costa , Rezende Matheus Mendes
Published: December 2019

The crop yield potential is affected by the crop-weed competition and their control create a dependence on herbicide use who brings, as consequence, soil impacts. Knowing the weed’s spatial distribution on the field is a feasible alternative for improving the crop yield. The goal of this paper is the identification of the spatial variability on physical and chemical attributes of soil as well as the weed’s seedbank so that, when correlated, may find standards to help on field management. The experiment was conducted on Uberlandia Federal University premises at soybean no-till area. Using georeferenced soil samples, were analyzed the physical and chemical attributes as well as the weed’s seedbank. The weed population on controlled environment was quantify, sorting out broadleaf and grassy weeds species. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and geostatistics for a semivariogram modeling, interpolation by the kriging methodology and the spatial variability maps achievement. The average value, coefficient of variation (CV%), asymmetry, kurtosis coefficient and the significant linear correlations interfered on data spatial variability which we concluded by the spatial dependences on the attributes that had a linear correlation between them. The semivariograms presented varied range between 202 to 752 meters. Using the maps, verified two different regions for the broadleaf and grassy weeds seedbank. For both situations there was influence by the soil attributes on infestation level, which makes it possible to target the herbicide management reducing costs and the environmental impact. From the analyzed data we conclude that there is a spatial dependence for the physical and chemical soil attributes and their spatial distribution explains the weed seedbank spatial variability.
Performance no aplicativo Tinder: a percepção das mulheres acerca das narrativas dos usuários homens na plataforma
Authors: Costantino Fernanda Angelo
Published: December 2019

O trabalho busca discutir a performance de si no aplicativo Tinder, com foco principalmente no conceito de gerenciamento da impressão elaborado por Erwing Goffman (2002), e a partir de um recorte metodológico e teórico voltado para como as mulheres recebem as narrativas dos usuários homens no programa. Para a elaboração deste trabalho, foram analisados 100 perfis de usuários homens e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito usuárias mulheres, a partir de uma perspectiva etnográfica.
Perspectivas literarias en la cuentística para niños de Carballido, Hinojosa y Molina
Authors: Casas Sosa Daniela , Rayo Montealegre Carolina
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo reflexivo se enfoca en las características de la literatura infantil mexicana y cómo a través de estas se puede desarrollar un lazo más significativo relacionado con las vivencias de los niños. Para ello, se tuvo en cuenta algunos referentes teóricos que permitieron analizar la obra (cuentos) de tres escritores mexicanos, con el objetivo de demostrar cómo desde diferentes perspectivas literarias se puede brindar una mirada más amplia sobre lo que deberían ser las narraciones contemporáneas para niños. A su vez, proponemos romper con el imaginario de lo que ha sido la literatura infantil, enmarcada en gran parte en tópicos preestablecidos que poco han ahondado en las situaciones reales y cotidianas de los más pequeños.
Transición entre lo instituido e instituyente en las teorías sexuales infantiles
Authors: Camacho Ordóñez Leidy Bibiana
Published: December 2019

Las perspectivas infantiles frente a los componentes de la sexualidad corresponden a un discurso plural y antagónico, alimentado por constructos sociales e históricos de carácter instituido, que tiende a perpetuar el predominio de lógicas tradicionales respecto al tema; y de carácter instituyente, pues contempla emergentes formas de percibir la identidad de género, rol de género y orientación sexual. Lo anterior, es el resultado de un estudio realizado para comprender las teorías que han elaborado 12 niños y niñas de Buenos Aires, Argentina, entre los 5 y 6 años sobre la sexualidad, mediante el empleo de una metodología cualitativa, con técnicas lúdicas enmarcadas dentro del método clínico piagetiano. Estos resultados podrían constituirse en insumo para la consolidación de proyectos educativos en sexualidad desde temprana edad.