bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proposing a Knowledge-based Model for Photovoltaic Modules Operating under Shading Conditions
Authors: Khosrojerdi Farhad , Gagnon Stephane , Valverde Raul
Published: December 2020

In a photovoltaic (PV) control system, the application of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method is the key factor that enables PV modules to operate efficiently under shading conditions. However, dealing with technical parameters of the MPPT-based controller requires expertise’s knowledge about MPPT methods. PV planning tools overlook to provide system design parameters needed for the control system. Ontologies, as knowledge-based models, provide improved representation, sharing and re-use of the relevant information that facilitate the process of decision-making. In this work, we propose a knowledge-based model representing key concepts associated with an MPPT-based control device. The ontology model is featured with Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) allowing the system planner to extract information about MPPT classifications and select an appropriate MPPT method. Moreover, technical recommendations and design information needed for the control system is delivered as well. Using the proposed ontology helps nontechnical practitioners and end-users to define design-related parameters correctly and plan efficient PV systems.
Clinical pharmacogenetics of angiotensin II receptor blockers
Authors: Sinitsina I. I. , Boyarko A. V. , Temirbulatov I. I.
Published: December 2020

This scientific review presents a current data on the effect of genetic polymorphism of CYP2C9 genes and genes encoding components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) on the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The data shows that genetic polymorphisms of these genes determine the large interindividual variability of the pharmacological response to ARBs. In this article, we carried out a comprehensive review of recent findings on interpatient variability in antihypertensive therapy response due to genetic factors and individualized treatment approach in ARBs therapy.
New opportunities of pharmacogenetics approach to personalized tamoxifen therapy (updated systematic review)
Authors: Savelyeva M. I. , Poddubnaya I. V.
Published: December 2020

Tamoxifen is the selective modulator of estrogen receptors. Nowadays, it is widely used in the treatment of ER(+) breast cancer and substantially decreases the risks of recurrence and disease progression. However, high interindividual variability in response is observed, calling for a personalized approach to tamoxifen treatment. Tamoxifen is metabolized by cytochrome P450, resulting in the formation of active metabolites, including 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen and endoxifen. The effectiveness and success of treatment depends largely on concentrations of the active tamoxifen metabolites in blood plasma. Polymorphisms in the genes encoding these enzymes are proposed to influence on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tamoxifen. Therefore, pharmacogenetic approach may form the basis of personalized treatment of breast cancer. In the updated systematic review, we analyze all current data about the potential use of genotyping of CYP2D6, CYP2С19, CYP3A4/5, CYP2B6 to predict an individual response on tamoxifen treatment.
EURASIAN SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL SPACE: CONCEPT, ESSENCE, DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Гурецкая Мария Вячеславовна
Published: December 2020

Статья рассматривает сущность евразийского научно-образовательного пространства. Целью анализа видится определение роли Российской Федерации в нем. Предпринимается попытка обсуждения перспектив развития научно-образовательного пространства.

The article considers the concept and the essence of the Eurasian scientific-educational space. The goal of the research is to determine the role of the Russian Federation in it. The study attempts to discuss the perspectives of the scientific-educational space.
DEVELOPMENT OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT COST ACCOUNTING AT ALL STAGES OF THE PRODUCT LIFECYCLE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Сибгатуллина Гульназ Ильдаровна , Соколов Андрей Юрьевич
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена изучению управленческого учета затрат по стадиям жизненного цикла продукта. Исследована сущность метода, предложена концептуальная модель управленческого учета затрат по стадиям жизненного цикла продукта и ее использование на практике.

The article is devoted to the study of management cost accounting at the stages of the product life cycle. The essence of the method is investigated, a conceptual model of management cost accounting for the stages of the product life cycle and its use in practice is proposed.
MEASURES OF SUPPORT FOR SMALL BUSINESS UNDER A PANDEMIC CONDITION: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE AND RUSSIAN PRACTICE
Authors: Дмитриева Ирина Евгеньевна , Милованова Екатерина Александровна
Published: December 2020

Целью исследования в статье является выявление и анализ форм налогового администрирования, реализуемых с использованием цифровых технологий. Основной метод, используемый в процессе исследования - метод экономической индукции, позволяющий сделать выводы на основе исследования частных экономических явлений. Результатом исследования являются сформулированные выводы о целесообразности использования и возможностях расширения использования цифровых сервисов в сфере налогового администрирования в России.

The aim of the research in the article is to identify and analyze the forms of tax administration implemented using digital technologies. The main method used in the research process is the method of economic induction, which allows to draw conclusions based on the study of private economic phenomena. The result of the study is the formulated conclusions about the feasibility of using and the possibilities of expanding the use of digital services in the field of tax administration in Russia.
INDUSTRIAL ESPIONAGE AS A THREAT TO BUSINESS INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Коробкова Оксана Константиновна , Гаврилова Анна Дмитриевна , Китаева Ирина Константиновна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются промышленный шпионаж как форма недобро-совестной конкуренции, его понятие, методы. В работе сформулированы направления борьбы с промышленным шпионажем.

The article deals with industrial espionage as a form of unfair competition, its concept and methods. The paper outlines the ways to combat industrial espionage.
MANAGEMENT FORMS OF A PRODUCTION COMPANY: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Сокиркин Дмитрий Николаевич
Published: December 2020

В представленном исследовании рассматриваются с точки зрения современной социологии различные формы осуществления управленческой деятельности в рамках структуры продюсерских организаций.

The presented study examines from the point of view of modern sociology various forms of management activities within the framework of the structure of production organizations.
ANALYSIS OF WORKING CONDITIONS OF ROLLING STOCK WASHERS-CLEANERS
Authors: Кузьмин Павел Андреевич
Published: December 2020

Проведено исследование рабочего места мойщиков-уборщиков подвижного состава с целью определения основных профессиональных заболеваний и причин их возникновения. Рассмотрены технологические этапы ручной мойки пассажирских вагонов и установлен ряд вредных производственных факторов на рабочем месте мойщиков-уборщиков подвижного состава.

Within the framework of the article, a study was made of the workplace of wheelchair washers for the purpose of determining the main occupational diseases and the causes of their occurrence. Within the framework of the article, the technological stages of manual washing of passenger carriages and a number of harmful production factors at the workplace of wheelchair washers are considered.
MODEL OF GROUP CLAIMS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN COMPARISON WITH FOREIGN ANALOGUES
Authors: Филатова Анастасия Александровна
Published: December 2020

В связи с принятием ряда изменений в ГПК РФ произошло реформирование в сфере коллективной защиты гражданских прав. В работе проведен анализ модели групповых исков Российской Федерации в сравнении с зарубежными аналогами. Выделены особенности групповых исков России. Также в работе выявлены преимущества и недостатки применения групповых исков как способа защиты прав.

In connection with the adoption of a number of changes in the Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, a reform took place in the field of collective protection of civil rights. The paper analyzes the model of class actions of the Russian Federation in comparison with foreign counterparts. The features of class actions in Russia are highlighted. The paper also reveals the advantages and disadvantages of using class actions as a way to protect rights.
CALCULATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF GASOSTATIC BEARINGS
Authors: Симаков Дмитрий Вадимович , Легаев Владимир Павлович
Published: December 2020

Одной из важнейших характеристик задачи моделирования поведения шпиндельного узла является статическое давление газа в зазоре. Испытание газового слоя на статическую жесткость позволяет судить о качестве проектируемого ШУ и в некоторой степени о характере его поведения при динамических испытаниях. Таким образом, характеристика статической жесткости газового слоя выступает в качестве первого критерия работоспособности.

One of the most important characteristics of the problem of modeling the behavior of the spindle assembly is the static gas pressure in the gap. Testing the gas layer for static stiffness makes it possible to judge the quality of the projected control box and, to some extent, about the nature of its behavior during dynamic tests. Thus, the characteristic of the static stiffness of the gas layer acts as the first criterion for performance.
ESTIMATION OF THE FLOW RATE EFFECT ON HEAT EXCHANGE IN THE WELLBORE USING A QUASI-STATIONARY THERMOGRAM
Authors: Закиров Марат Финатович , Рамазанов Айрат Шайхуллинович , Валиуллин Рим Абдуллович
Published: December 2020

В работе представлен способ расчета термограммы для квазистационарной работы скважины. Установлено влияние дебита потока на возникающий тепло-обмен с окружающими горными породами. Результаты работы могут быть использованы для анализа профиля температуры в зависимости от расхода скважины.

The paper presents a method for calculating a thermogram for quasi-stationary well operation. The influence of the flow rate on the resulting heat exchange with the surrounding rocks is established. The results of the work can be used to analyze the temperature profile depending on the well flow rate.
Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite nanoparticles in multiwall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Al-Khabouri Saja , Al-Harthi Salim , Maekawa Toru , Elzain Mohamed E , Al-Hinai Ashraf , Al-Rawas Ahmed D , Gismelseed Abbsher M , Yousif Ali A , Myint Myo Tay Zar
Published: December 2020

Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized regarding structure, surface, and electronic and magnetic properties. The preparation method of partially encapsulated manganese ferrite enables the formation of a hybrid nanoparticle/tube system, which exhibits properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles inside and attached to the external surface of the tubes. The effect of having manganese ferrite nanoparticles inside the tubes is observed as a shift in the X-ray diffraction peaks and as an increase in stress, hyperfine field, and coercivity when compared to free manganese ferrite nanoparticles. On the other hand, a strong charge transfer from the multiwall carbon nanotubes is attributed to the attachment of manganese ferrite nanoparticles outside the tubes, which is detected by a significant decrease in the σ band emission of the ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy signal. This is followed by an increase in the density of states at the Fermi level of the attached manganese ferrite nanoparticles in comparison to free manganese ferrite nanoparticles, which leads to an enhancement of the metallic properties.
Synthesis of tetrafluorinated piperidines from nitrones via a visible-light-promoted annelation reaction
Authors: Supranovich Vyacheslav I , Dmitriev Igor A , Dilman Alexander D
Published: December 2020

A method for the one-step construction of 3,3,4,4-tetrafluorinated piperidines from nitrones and readily accessible tetrafluorinated iodobromobutane is described. The reaction requires an excess amount of ascorbic acid as the terminal reductant and is performed in the presence of an iridium photocatalyst activated by blue light. The annelation is a result of a radical addition at the nitrone, intramolecular nucleophilic substitution, and reduction of the N–O bond.
Impact of a BRICS integrated payment system on cross-border e-commerce
Authors: Coelho Barbosa Daniel
Published: December 2020

This article examines what a BRICS integrated payment system can be and how it may affect the cross-border e-commerce dynamics. First, we show how the current international transaction system works, its geopolitical consequences and what a BRICS independent payment system implies. Second, we examine the current e-commerce scenario in BRICS, its main challenges, and what can be improved in it with the help of the proposed exclusive financial network. In conclusion, we review the current situation and make some necessary comments.
Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the Pech district
Authors: Kerveshi-Sulejmani Ardita , Selmanaj Aferdita , Isjanovski Igor , Isjanovska Rozalinda
Published: December 2020

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is the main clinical and public health challenge in the world, in the wake of urbanization, excess energy intake, increased obesity, sedentary lifestyle and habits. MS leads to a 5-fold increase the risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and 2 times the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) over the next 5 to 10 years. The aim of the research is to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome syndrome in the Pech District according to NCEP ATD III / 2001. Material and methods: Cross sectional study was carried out at the General Hospital in Pec, which represents a regional hospital for the Pec District. A total of 1667 patients from the Pech district were interviewed for a period of one year. Results: In the group, MS was present in 506 patients. In the majority of cases, we found the systolic blood pressure condition ≥ 130 mmHg -99.4%, followed by diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmH-96.4%, elevated triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol / l- 94.7%, waist circumference> 88 cm in women-94.0% , increased glycemia ≥ 6.1mmol / L in 80.0%, waist circumference > 102cm in men-65.5%, HDL values ​​<1.03mmol / L in men - 56.9%  and HDL values ​​<1.03mmol / L in females 51.5%. The mean value of systolic blood pressure in patients with MS is 151.1 ± 9.3 mmHg. The average value of diastolic blood pressure in patients with MS is 91.0 ± 4.7 mmHg. The average waist circumference of patients with MC was 103.6 ± 9.2 cm. The mean HDL of patients with MS is 1.1 ± 0.2 mmol / L. The average glycemic value in patients with MS is 6.5 ± 0.6 mmol / Average triglyceride value in patients with MS and is 2.5 ± 0.8 mmol / L. The most common in patients with MS is obesity / obesity - 70.8%, overweight is 27.8%, and 1.4% normal weight is registered. Conclusions: The prevalence of MS in the Pech district is 30.4% and was approximately as in Croatia 34% and Tetovo region with 28.25%, but it was dependent on the population and definitions used. The metabolic syndrome is one of the major public health problems, and a socioeconomic problem around the world and in  Kosovo, too.
Информираност на популацијата за глобалниот проблем со климатските промени
Authors: Stambolieva Aleksandra , Kocubovski Mihail , Ristovska Gordana , Kostova Aneta
Published: December 2020

Здравствената стратегија на ЕУ „Заедно за здравје“ ги призна климатските промени како закана за здравјето и ја нагласи улогата на Европската заедница да ги координира и брзо да одговори на заканите по здравјето на глобално ниво и да ги зајакне капацитетите на земјите (Европска комисија, 2008). Целта на трудот беше да се утврди степенот на свесност и информираност на популацијата околу глобалниот проблем со климатските промени и одговорноста на надлежните тела околу мерките за справување  со климатските промени. Материјал и методи: Беше спроведено пилот истражување во текот на декември 2018 година во Република Македонија, со применана прашалник кој беше адаптирана верзија од survey questionnaire (‘climate change’, version 1) преведен на македонски јазик и дистрибуиран на интерактивна онлајн платформа. На прашалникот добивме одговори од 130 испитаници. Резултати: Најголем процент (90,2%) од испитаниците одговорија дека аерозагадувањето е првото нешто што го поврзуваат со климатските промени, а потоа следуваат густината на сообраќајот (41,7%) и управувањето со отпадот (41,7%). Кога станува збор за одговорноста околу проблемот, според испитаниците националната влада (33,8%) има највисока одговорност, во однос на меѓународните организации (20%). Заклучок: Истражувањето покажа дека постои одреден степен на информираност кај населението за климатските промени и појавите поврзани со нив како што се: загадувањето на воздухот, густината на сообраќајот, поплавите, пожарите и слично, но исто така потребно е да се спроведат силни кампањи за подигање на јавната свест.
Rehabilitation treatment in patients with urinary incontinence
Authors: Gjerakaroska-Savevska Cvetanka , Nikolikj-Dimitrova Erieta , Koevska Valentina , Mitrevska Biljana , Gocevska Marija , Gecevska Daniela
Published: December 2020

Urinary incontinence is the inability to control urination with spectrum of disturbances from periodical urinary leaks to complete inability to retain urine. It occurs more often in elderly and in women. Urinary incontinence has a great impact on general health and may reduce the quality of life. There are several types: stress urinary incontinence, urgent urinary incontinence, neurogenic urinary incontinence, overflow urinary incontinence. Stress urinary incontinence is the most frequent one and is due to pelvic floor muscle weakness. For assessment and treatment of these patients the individual approach is warranted. The treatment of these patients includes medications, behavioral therapy, biofeedback, pelvic floor muscle training, electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation and surgery. Non-surgical treatment might be effective to prevent surgery. Rehabilitation treatment with pelvic floor exercises and physical modalities for patients with urinary incontinence is important for recovery of the urinary continence and improvement of quality of life in these patients.
Rhizobium radiobacter bacteremia in a two-year-old patient with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report
Authors: Kakaraskoska Boceska Biljana , Osmani Dugagjin , Petrovska Basovska Branka , Kakaraskoska Petreska Verica , Martinova Kata , Antevska Trajkova Zorica , Jovanovska Aleksandra , Kocheva Svetlana
Published: December 2020

Rhizobium radiobacter is a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium usually associated with diseases in plants. Infections due to R. radiobacter in humans are strongly related to the presence of foreign plastic materials, immunocompromised and chronically debilitated hosts with underlying conditions such as malignancies, human immunodeficiency virus as well as bone marrow transplant recipients. The aim of this paper was to present a rare blood infection with Rhizobium radiobacter in North Macedonia in a pediatric patient with underlying conditions. The treatment was successful with appropriate cephalosporin and aminoglycoside therapy without removing the central venous catheter
Influence of family socioeconomic status on practicing regular physical activity among young people
Authors: Trajanov Darijan , Kjosevska Elena , Zafirova Ivanovska Beti
Published: December 2020

Physical activity is one of the key factors in protecting and promoting peoples’ health of all ages around the world.Healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity,  healthy food and appropriate health education will creating healthy young people, who will have  a healthy and long life. The aim of the paper was to determine if there was a link between socioeconomic status in the family and practicing regular physical activity among young people. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study. It included 316 students in the second and third year of the study program for general medicine at the Faculty of Medicine at UKIM in Skopje. Results and Discussion: Students who practiced moderate physical activity came from families with monthly incomes higher than 30,000 denars or it was 48.4% compared to 34.65% of students who came from families with monthly incomes lower than 30,000 denars. There was a weak positive correlation between the monthly income of students' families and the practice of physical activity, R=0.21, p=0.002. Conclusion: The financial situation in the family has a main role in practicing physical activity. Therefore, with the increase of the family budget, the days when the students are physically active increase, too.
COVID-19 and ophthalmic manifestations: review of the literature
Authors: Gjoshevska-Dashtevska Emilija , Trpevska-Shekerinov Natasha , Ivanova Maja
Published: December 2020

The epidemics of COVID-19 started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared a pandemic in March 2020. COVID-19 can also affect the eyes.  Ophthalmic manifestations of the virus are not so frequent; the prevalence is about 3% up to now. Recognizing the possibility of ophthalmic transmission and manifestation of the virus is of significant importance for ophthalmologists and health workers. According to published studies, the most common ophthalmic manifestation is follicular conjunctivitis with all the symptoms and signs of viral conjunctivitis.  It is usually bilateral, and patients present adenoviral-like symptoms, discomfort, foreign body sensation, redness, or they have no subjective symptoms. The symptoms are more pronounced in patients with a more severe clinical picture of the disease. One of the described non-specific manifestations of COVID-19 as an initial manifestation is keratoconjunctivitis. The effects of the virus on the retina and blood vessels have not been fully investigated, yet. It has been proven that COVID-19 can be isolated from tears and from ocular surface by PCR conjunctival swab. The most common mode of transmission is through direct contact and through aerosols. Through the nasolacrimal system, the eyes can be the entrance for respiratory infection and hematogenous spread of the virus can occur through the lacrimal gland. Early recognition of the ophthalmic symptoms by ophthalmologists as well as the other health workers during this pandemic is necessary because sometimes they can be the only manifestation of COVID-19, and on the other hand, it will lead to greater protection and prevention of the virus spreading. Prevention measures should be focused on the application of administrative protocols, personal protection and environmental control.
Corrigenda: Cytogenetic markers as a tool for characterization of hybrids of Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 and Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann, 1907. Comparative Cytogenetics 14(2): 231–242. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i2.49513
Authors: Goes Caio Augusto Gomes , Daniel Sandro Natal , Piva Lucas Henrique , Yasui George Shigueki , Artoni Roberto Ferreira , Hashimoto Diogo Teruo , Foresti Fausto , Porto-Foresti Fábio
Published: December 2020

Astyanax Baird et Girard, 1854, is one of the largest genera in the family Characidae and comprises 177 valid species. This genus has been the focus of cytogenetic studies primarily owing to the presence of B chromosomes and high karyotypic diversity among different populations. The intense genetic variability in Astyanax is one of the factors responsible for the occurrence of species complexes, which are groups (1) with certain difficulties in establishing common genetic pools or (2) belonging to different cryptic species. To evaluate cytogenetic marker inheritance and the possibility of the identification of these hybrids, this study aimed to describe cytogenetic hybrids from three strains of species of the genera Astyanax and Hyphessobrycon Eigenmann, 1908. A. lacustris Lütken, 1875, A. schubarti Britski, 1964, A. fasciatus Cuvier, 1819, and H. anisitsi Eigenmann, 1907 were used to generate three hybrid lineages. The diploid number, heterochromatin sites, and ribosomal genes (18S and 5S rDNA) of the parental strains and the hybrids were analyzed. The results indicated that the three hybrid lineages had cytogenetic markers of both parents, presenting Mendelian inheritance. However, differences in distribution of heterochromatic blocks were observed between the hybrids and the parent strains. Our results allowed the identification of the hybrid strains based on the cytogenetic markers applied, reinforcing the efficiency of cytogenetic markers as tools for identification and indicating that such events may increase the karyotypic diversity in the genera Astyanax and Hyphessobrycon.
Michael Charles Day (1942–2020)
Authors: Noyes John S. , Else George R.
Published: December 2020

This article, in memoriam, provides details of the professional life of Michael Charles Day, researcher at the Natural History Museum, London and specialist in the taxonomy of aculeate Hymenoptera especially Pompilidae. It also includes a short account of his lifelong interest in caving.
Modern approaches to pharmacotherapy of Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Gavrilova Anna A. , Bontsevich Roman A. , Vovk Yana R. , Balabanova Anastasia A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The study presents current views on the pharmacotherapy of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This study also describes in general terms the current pharmacoepidemiological situation of the CAP in Russia and abroad, which can both help medical professionals make an informed choice when choosing a pharmacotherapy, and inspire them to follow-up research and observations.

The aim of the study is to conduct an analysis of the available research on the pharmacotherapy of CAP in order to accelerate the accumulation and assimilation of knowledge in the field of this pathology.

Materials and methods: The following databases of medical publications and electronic libraries were used to search for the relevant sources of information: PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Crossref, and eLIBRARY.RU.

Results and discussion: The choice of a rational antimicrobial therapy (AMT) for CAP is of high relevance due to the widespread of the pathology. The article highlights modern approaches to the pharmacotherapy of CAP in adults, including a review of promising new drugs, and presents the main problematic issues related to the emergence of anti­biotic resistance of pathogens, as well as methods to combat it.

Conclusion: The analyzed and generalized results of the conducted research allow the authors to make a conclusion about the feasibility of a more detailed study and raising the level of awareness of medical professionals in this pathology.
Innovative Opportunities for Civility: Professional Development in a Time of COVID-19
Authors: Opsahl Angela G. , Embree Jennifer L. , Howard Matthew S.
Published: December 2020

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing professional development has spurred innovative teaching efforts by educators. The application of new technology provided innovative support for participant engagement and allowed for evaluation of civility education learning outcomes. A technology expert provided necessary support in a live virtual environment. A planned dress rehearsal prior to the live event ensured the functionality of the virtual platform. The versatility of the new technology allowed breakout rooms and interactive software applications. Nursing professional development practitioners can use these tips to reimagine other face-to-face educational activities into a virtual platform.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(1):11–12.]
Triage Decisions Involving Pregnancy-Capable Patients: Educational Deficits and Emergency Nurses' Perceptions of Risk
Authors: Wolf Lisa A. , Delao Altair M. , Evanovich Zavotsky Kathleen , Baker Kathy M.
Published: December 2020

Background:

In areas where obstetric services are not available, emergency departments often become the default for unplanned obstetric care, yet emergency nurses are not universally trained in the identification and treatment of obstetric emergencies. The purpose of this study was to explore emergency nurses' perception of acuity in the triage of pregnant or postpartum patients presenting to the emergency department with high-risk complaints and to identify facilitators and challenges to the accurate identification and treatment of these patients.

Method:

A mixed-methods study was conducted using chart review data (
N
= 12,766) and focus group data (
N
= 39) from five emergency departments in the eastern United States.

Results:

In 86.5% of cases, pregnancy status was not documented. Ninety-four percent of pregnant patients with a systolic blood pressure over 140 mmHg were under-triaged. The overall theme of the qualitative data was acuity blindness, with identified barriers to assessment that included educational needs and triage processes and workflow issues.

Conclusion:

There are significant knowledge deficits in the care of patients presenting with high-risk conditions associated with pregnancy.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(1):21–29.]
Improving Safe Medication Administration in New RNs Using Simulation
Authors: Myroniak Katelyn , Elder Stacie
Published: December 2020

This study describes the use of simulation to increase medication administration knowledge and skill in new RNs enrolled in a residency program. The study sample consisted of 54 new RNs with less than 1 year of nursing experience who were enrolled in a nurse residency program, and it compared medication administration knowledge posttest scores between groups. The medication administration posttest scores for the simulation group were not significantly higher than the scores of the classroom-only group (
p
= .056), but the simulation group scored significantly higher on questions regarding timing and the rights of medication administration. Participants were also asked their perceptions of medication errors and why they think they occur. Simulation supported improved medication administration knowledge of some concepts; simulation participants were more satisfied with their learning experience; and the use of simulation helped to identify a consistent knowledge gap within the study sample. New RNs also desire earlier medication administration education in their career.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(1):30–33.]
Sepsis Awareness to Enhance Early Identification of Sepsis in Emergency Departments
Authors: Rajan Jesvin Jancy , Rodzevik Theresa
Published: December 2020

Background:

Early identification of sepsis continues to be a challenge for nurses in the acute care setting. Often, a gap exists between existing policies for sepsis identification and structured education to support these policies.

Method:

Using quantitative methodology and descriptive correlational design, this project explored the differences between emergency department nurses who received education on the early identification and treatment of sepsis and emergency department nurses who did not receive this education.

Results:

Descriptive statistics and independent
t
test were used to analyze and compare data between the control and implementation group. The
p
value was .018, which was statistically significant. The mean time to identify sepsis was decreased by 33 minutes.

Conclusion:

Using a sepsis standing order set combined with education helped to identify and elevate the care of sepsis patients. Resources such as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign screening tool to identify sepsis helped emergency department nurses to identify sepsis in a timely manner.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(1):39–42.]
New Graduate RN Perinatal Internship
Authors: Lesher Britney B. , Witt Justyn M. , Woodard Rachel M. , Haberyan April B.
Published: December 2020

Successful transition to perinatal practice and retention rates are affected due to nursing school education and support of graduate nurses when transitioning to the role of RN. A perinatal internship was developed to address the unique issues faced by new graduate nurses transitioning from school to practice and to ensure a successful transition to practice, strong foundation of knowledge, and an increase in retention rates. Through the development, implementation, and necessary redesign of the program, the authors found retention rates to be an average of 74% for the organization with ongoing program revisions being conducted to improve current retention rates. The use of agency nurses has also been dramatically reduced since the implementation of the program.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(1):47–52.]
The Feasibility of Outpatient Shoulder Arthroplasty: Risk Stratification and Predictive Probability Modeling
Authors: Steinhaus Michael E. , Liu Joseph N. , Gowd Anirudh K. , Chang Brenda , Gruskay Jordan A. , Rauck Ryan C. , Yadeau Jacques T. , Dines David M. , Taylor Samuel A. , Gulotta Lawrence V.
Published: December 2020

Whether shoulder arthroplasty can be performed on an outpatient basis depends on appropriate patient selection. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for adverse events (AEs) following shoulder arthroplasty and to generate predictive models to improve patient selection. This was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data using a single institution shoulder arthroplasty registry as well as the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database, including subjects undergoing hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), and reverse TSA. Predicted probability of suitability for same-day discharge was calculated from multivariable logistic models for different patient subgroups based on age, comorbidities, and Charlson/Deyo Index scores. A total of 2314 shoulders (2079 subjects) in the institutional registry met inclusion criteria for this study. Younger age, higher body mass index (BMI), male sex, and prior steroid injection were all significantly associated with suitability for discharge, whereas preoperative narcotic use, comorbidities (heart disease and anemia/other blood disease), and Charlson/Deyo Index score of 2 were associated with AEs that might prevent same-day discharge. Compared with TSA, reverse TSA was associated with less suitability for discharge (
P
=.01). On querying the ACS-NSQIP database, 15,254 patients were identified. Female sex, BMI less than 35 kg/m
2
, American Society of Anesthesiologists class III/IV, preoperative anemia, functional dependence, low pre-operative albumin, and hemiarthroplasty were associated with unsuitability for discharge. Males 55 to 59 years old with no comorbidities nor history of narcotic use formed the lowest risk subgroup. Transfusion is the primary driver of AEs. Strategies to avoid this complication should be explored. Risk stratification will improve the ability to identify patients who can safely undergo outpatient shoulder arthroplasty. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e215–e222.]
Comparing Outcomes for Female Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients Under Global Budget Revenue
Authors: Wilkie Wayne , Mohamed Nequesha , Remily Ethan , Etcheson Jennifer , Castrodad Iciar Dávila , Walker Aaron , Delanois Ronald
Published: December 2020

Maryland implemented the all-payer, rater-setting Global Budget Revenue (GBR) payment model in 2014 to reduce cost and improve quality. This study assessed the effect of GBR on total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes by sex. Specifically, the authors assessed (1) demographics and (2) outcomes of males and females undergoing TKA before and after GBR implementation. The Maryland State Inpatient Database was queried from 2011 to 2016. There were 71,066 TKAs (male, n=25,413; female, n=45,634). For continuous and categorical variables,
t
testing and chi-square analyses were used, respectively. Difference-in-difference analyses using multiple regression compared changes in sex from the pre-GBR period (2011-2013) with the post-GBR period (2014–2016). The female proportion decreased (−1.9%;
P
=.040). Proportionally more TKA patients were Hispanic and Asian, from high-income areas, using Medicare and Medicaid, and morbidly obese (all
P
<.001). The mean length of stay (LOS), charges, and costs were decreased after GBR implementation (all
P
<.001). More patients were discharged routine and had fewer readmissions (both
P
<.001). There were fewer complications, including deep venous thromboses/pulmonary emboli, urinary tract infections, and blood transfusions (all
P
<.001). The difference-in-difference analyses suggested more females were discharged with home health care and had longer LOS than did males (both
P
<.001). The GBR appears to meet its main objective of cost reduction and improvements in quality of care. However, the proportion of females receiving TKA decreased, and their LOS did not improve as much as that of males. As other states consider global budgets, more research is needed to ensure this all-payer, rate-setting, capitated system does not cause decreased access to care. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e266–e273.]
The Influence of Ibuprofen on the Healing of Nonsurgically Treated Colles' Fractures
Authors: Aliuskevicius Marius , Østgaard Svend E. , Vestergaard Peter , Rasmussen Sten
Published: December 2020

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can delay bone healing. This knowledge is mainly derived from retrospective and animal studies. The authors therefore conducted a human study to investigate whether ibuprofen affects radiological, functional, densitometrical, and biochemical outcomes following a Colles' fracture, as well as the analgesic effect of ibuprofen. This was a single-center, triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with a total of 96 patients. All of the patients received basic treatment with 1000 mg of acetaminophen 4 times daily. The placebo group received a placebo for 7 days. The 3-day ibuprofen group received 600 mg of ibuprofen 3 times daily for the first 3 days and a placebo for the following 4 days. The 7-day ibuprofen group received ibuprofen 3 times daily for 7 days. The primary outcome was the fragment migration for a period of 5 weeks. The secondary outcomes were changes in the wrist's range of motion; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score; bone mineral density of the injured wrist; changes in serum CrossLaps (Roche Diagnostics) and osteocalcin; and analgesic effects. Analyses were performed according to an intention-to-treat approach. No significant differences in radiological migration or functional, densitometrical, and biochemical effects were established among the treatment groups (.06≤
P
≤.9). During the first 3 days, the pain score was lower (
P
=.02) in the ibuprofen groups than in the placebo group. The findings of this study offer an indication for ibuprofen as a bone-safe analgesic treatment after Colles' fracture and may be translated into other fields of cancellous bone fracture treatment. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):105–110.]
Obesity, Angiotensin-Blocking Drugs, and Acute Kidney Injury in Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Hennrikus Matthew T. , Hennrikus William P. , Lehman Erik , Hennrikus Eileen F.
Published: December 2020

Postoperative acute kidney injury occurs in 7% to 11% of orthopedic surgeries. The effect of preoperative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on the development of postoperative acute kidney injury remains controversial. Adipose tissue has its own independently regulated angiotensin system. The primary aim of this study was to examine the effects of obesity and preoperative ACEIs and ARBs on postoperative acute kidney injury. Charts were reviewed of adult elective orthopedic surgery patients during a 2-year period when patients were instructed to take their ACEI or ARB on the morning of surgery. The patients were divided into an obese cohort (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m
2
) and a nonobese cohort (BMI <30 kg/m
2
). A multivariable model was created for the outcome of acute kidney injury, using obesity as a primary predictor and adjusting for demographics, medications, comorbidities, and intraoperative parameters in a logistic regression analysis. Obesity increased the likelihood of developing acute kidney injury after orthopedic surgery (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% CI, 1.07–3.22;
P
=.028). For every 5-unit increase in BMI, the odds of acute kidney injury were 1.43 (95% CI, 1.26–1.62;
P
<.001). When receiving ACEIs or ARBs, only the nonobese patients had a statistically increased likelihood of postoperative acute kidney injury (OR, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.12–9.70;
P
=.030). Obesity is an independent risk factor for postoperative acute kidney injury. Obesity appears to influence the effect that preoperative ACEIs and ARBs have on postoperative acute kidney injury. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(2):e253–e258.]
Innovations in HRM Practices in Indian Companies
Authors: Gupta Minisha
Published: December 2020

Innovation has become an integral part of every business organization because it provides sustainable competitive advantage to the company. In today's highly dynamic business environment every organization wants to succeed by leveraging their employees' talent. In order to leverage the employees' talent, it is important to follow relevant HRM policies or to continuously introduce innovative HR practices to meet the expectations of the employees. Reviewing the literature and previous research work, this study has tried to find out the various innovative HR practices initiated by Indian organizations till now. The findings will help in guiding how much more innovative practices are still to be initiated in order to attain employee confidence and loyalty for the company. The study is beneficial for business leaders, students, practitioners, and researchers.
The Impact of Social Media on Recruitment in New Age Organizations
Authors: Das Richa
Published: December 2020

The new age world, which has become part of our lives, is a world of rapid innovations and changing technologies. These changes bring new opportunities for organizations to exchange information, news, ideas, and work. Attracting and retaining best of employees has become the most crucial tactical problems for the people's department of companies all over the world. In the current scenario of high competition, the internet has substantially converted the features of recruitment and selection procedure of the businesses. The chapter presents an exploratory research on the impact of social media on recruitment in new age organizations.
An Econometric Overview on Growth and Impact of Online Crime and Analytics View to Combat Them
Authors: Roy Swagatam , Chatterjee Ahan , Sinha Trisha
Published: December 2020

In this chapter, the authors take a closer look into the economic relation with cybercrime and an analytics method to combat that. At first, they examine whether the increase in the unemployment rate among youths is the prime cause of the growth of cybercrime or not. They proposed a model with the help of the Phillips curve and Okun's law to get hold of the assumptions. A brief discussion of the impact of cybercrime in economic growth is also presented in this paper. Crime pattern detection and the impact of bitcoin in the current digital currency market have also been discussed. They have proposed an analytic method to combat the crime using the concept of game theory. They have tested the vulnerability of the cloud datacenter using game theory where two players will play the game in non-cooperative strategy in the Nash equilibrium state. Through the rational state decisions of the players and implementation MSWA algorithm, they have simulated the results through which they can check the dysfunctionality probabilities of the datacenters.
Statistics of an Appealing Class of Random Processes
Authors: Nagarsheth Shaival Hemant , Sharma Shambhu Nath
Published: December 2020

The white noise process, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and coloured noise process are salient noise processes to model the effect of random perturbations. In this chapter, the statistical properties, the master's equations for the Brownian noise process, coloured noise process, and the OU process are summarized. The results associated with the white noise process would be derived as the special cases of the Brownian and the OU noise processes. This chapter also formalizes stochastic differential rules for the Brownian motion and the OU process-driven vector stochastic differential systems in detail. Moreover, the master equations, especially for the coloured noise-driven stochastic differential system as well as the OU noise process-driven, are recast in the operator form involving the drift and modified diffusion operators involving an additional correction term to the standard diffusion operator. The results summarized in this chapter will be useful for modelling a random walk in stochastic systems.
The Universality of the Kalman Filter
Authors: Rathore Sandhya , Sharma Shambhu Nath , Nagarsheth Shaival Hemant
Published: December 2020

The universality of the Kalman filtering can be found in the control theory. The Kalman filter has found its applications in sophisticated autonomous systems and smart products, which are attributed to its realization in a single complex chip. In this chapter, considering the Kalman filter from the perspective of conditional characteristic function evolution and Itô calculus, three Kalman filtering theorems and their formal proof are developed. Most notably, this chapter reveals the following: (1) Kalman filtering equations are a consequence of the ‘evolution of conditional characteristic function' for the linear stochastic differential system coupled with the linear discrete measurement system. (2) The Kalman filtering is a consequence of the ‘stochastic evolution of conditional characteristic function' for the linear stochastic differential system coupled with the linear continuous measurement system. (3) The structure of the Kalman filter remains invariant under two popular stochastic interpretations, the Itô vs Stratonovich.
Web Usage Mining Issues in Big Data
Authors: Sharma Sunny , Malhotra Manisha
Published: December 2020

Web usage mining is the use of data mining techniques to analyze user behavior in order to better serve the needs of the user. This process of personalization uses a set of techniques and methods for discovering the linking structure of information on the web. The goal of web personalization is to improve the user experience by mining the meaningful information and presented the retrieved information in a way the user intends. The arrival of big data instigated novel issues to the personalization community. This chapter provides an overview of personalization, big data, and identifies challenges related to web personalization with respect to big data. It also presents some approaches and models to fill the gap between big data and web personalization. Further, this research brings additional opportunities to web personalization from the perspective of big data.
Future of Business Intelligence in Cloud Computing
Authors: Tuli Krishan
Published: December 2020

Cloud business intelligence can solve numerous management issues that are faced by many businesses. If it is used in a correct manner, it can substitute seamless utilization of crucial information in the growth of business. In the self-hosted environment, business intelligence will face resource crisis situation on the never-ending expansion of warehouses and OLAP's demands on the primary network. Today, cloud computing has instigated optimism for the prospects of future business intelligence. But thing to focus here is, how will business intelligence be implemented on cloud platform, and further, how will the traffic be managed and what will the demand profile look like? Moreover, in today's world, data generated on a daily basis from many different sources are numerous and valuable information for making effective decisions. This chapter focuses and tries to attempt these questions related to taking business intelligence to the cloud.