bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A propensity-adjusted comparison of endoscopic endonasal surgery versus transcranial microsurgery for pediatric craniopharyngioma: a single-center study
Authors: Wu Jie , Pan ChengBing , Xie ShenHao , Tang Bin , Fu Jun , Wu Xiao , Tong ZhiGao , Wu BoWen , Yang YouQing , Ding Han , Li ShaoYang , Hong Tao
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVE

When comparing endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) and transcranial microsurgery (TCM) for adult and mixed-age population craniopharyngiomas, EES has become an alternative to TCM. To date, studies comparing EES and TCM for pediatric craniopharyngiomas are sparse. In this study, the authors aimed to compare postoperative complications and surgical outcomes between EES and TCM for pediatric craniopharyngiomas.

METHODS

The data of pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas who underwent surgery between February 2009 and June 2021 at a single center were retrospectively reviewed. All included cases were divided into EES and TCM groups according to the treatment modality received. The baseline characteristics of patients were compared between the groups, as well as surgical results, perioperative complications, and long-term outcomes. To control for confounding factors, propensity-adjusted analysis was performed.

RESULTS

Overall, 51 pediatric craniopharyngioma surgeries were identified in 49 patients, among which 35 were treated with EES and 16 were treated with TCM. The proportion of gross-total resection (GTR) was similar between the groups (94.3% for EES vs 75% for TCM, p = 0.130). TCM was associated with a lower rate of hypogonadism (33.3% vs 64.7%, p = 0.042) and a higher rate of growth hormone deficiency (73.3% vs 26.5%, p = 0.002), permanent diabetes insipidus (DI) (60.0% vs 29.4%, p = 0.043), and panhypopituitarism (80.0% vs 47.1%, p = 0.032) at the last follow-up. CSF leakage only occurred in the EES group, with no significant difference observed between the groups (p > 0.99). TCM significantly increased the risk of worsened visual outcomes (25.0% vs 0.0%, p = 0.012). However, TCM was associated with a significantly longer median duration of follow-up (66.0 vs 40.5 months, p = 0.007) and a significantly lower rate of preoperative hypogonadism (18.8% vs 60.0%, p = 0.006). The propensity-adjusted analysis revealed no difference in the rate of recurrence, hypogonadism, or permanent DI. Additionally, EES was associated with a lower median gain in BMI (1.5 kg/m2 vs 7.5 kg/m2, p = 0.046) and better hypothalamic function (58.3% vs 8.3%, p = 0.027) at the last follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with TCM, EES was associated with a superior visual outcome, better endocrinological and hypothalamic function, and less BMI gain, but comparable rates of GTR, recurrence, and perioperative complications. These findings have indicated that EES is a safe and effective surgical modality and can be a viable alternative to TCM for pediatric midline craniopharyngiomas.
Wydatki i fundusz 500+ w rodzinnych gospodarstwach domowych uczniów wybranych szkół średnich w województwie lubelskim
Authors: Kawczyńska-Butrym Zofia , Pantyley Viktoriya , Mącik Radosław , Smalej Olga
Published: December 2021

Celem artykułu jest ocena struktury wydatków oraz wykorzystania funduszu 500+ w rodzinnych gospodarstwach domowych uczniów II klas wybranych szkół średnich, ogólnokształcących i techników w województwie lubelskim. Badanie przeprowadzono za pomocą metody CAWI, na podstawie losowej próby badawczej 223 uczniów w wieku 17–18 lat. Stwierdzono, iż w gospodarstwach domowych uczniów dominuje rodzicielski model podejmowania decyzji ekonomicznych, jednak uczniowie deklarowali bardzo duży i duży wpływ na konkretne wydatki realizowane w rodzinach, zwłaszcza w przypadku podstawowych potrzeb własnych. Wprowadzenie świadczeń z programu „Rodzina 500+” zmieniło nieco układ decyzyjny w rodzinach na rzecz większej aktywizacji uczniów. W badaniu wyróżniono trzy główne kategorie wydatków gospodarstw domowych z tego programu: finansowanie edukacji dzieci, zakup odzieży i obuwia oraz żywności. W opinii badanej młodzieży część środków z programu 500+ jest przeznaczana na oszczędności (33,2%), rzadziej na finansowanie inwestycji (7,9%).
Negatywne konsekwencje imperializmu ekonomii na przykładzie ekonomicznej analizy prawa karnego
Authors: Żuk Andrzej Jakub
Published: December 2021

Celem pracy było ukazanie negatywnych skutków imperializmu ekonomii w obszarze prawa karnego, na płaszczyźnie teoretycznej i praktycznej. Przejawem tego imperializmu jest ekonomiczna analiza prawa karnego opierająca się na podejściu ekonomicznym i utylitarnym. W części teoretycznej ukazano ograniczenia dwóch głównych filarów ekonomicznej analizy prawa: racjonalności instrumentalnej (kalkulacyjnej) jednostki oraz efektywności ekonomicznej (utylitarnej) działania prawa, na tle tradycyjnej teorii prawa karnego (retrybutywizmu). Następnie w części praktycznej przeciwstawiono się ekonomicznie motywowanemu postulatowi legalizacji narkotyków, wykazując słabości takiej argumentacji oraz przedstawiając alternatywny, choć również ugruntowany ekonomicznie, scenariusz negatywnych konsekwencji społecznych i ekonomicznych końca prohibicji narkotykowej.
Growth and/or development: specificity of the Russian economic model
Authors: Buzgalin Alexander
Published: December 2021

The article provides a systematic description of the main features of the post-Soviet economy. The methodology and categorical apparatus of classical political economy, classical institutionalism, as well as of other directions of heterodox economic theory are the basis for identifying the content, the structure and the peculiarities of Russian economy. The authors demonstrate the influence of climatic, spatial, and historical characteristics of Russia on the formation of these characteristic features.
The main stages of the evolution of Russian economy are highlighted, as well as the particularities of their growth / decline as shown by macroeconomic quantitative indicators. Special attention is paid to qualitative indicators characterizing social results and contradictions in the development of the main sectors of the economy. On this basis, conclusions are formulated that reveal the reasons for the deep recession in the 1990s, extensive development in the 2000s and stagnation in the 2010s. The author comes to the conclusion that nonrandom the presence of two main concepts for the further development of Russia - a neoliberal concept and a concept focused on enhancing social regulation and social orientation of development (and not just economic growth) – is not accidental.
TRANSCREATION AS A NEW APPROACH TO TRANSLATION OF ADVERTISING TEXTS AND SLOGANS
Authors: Boichuk Anastasiia , Oleksyshyna Larysa
Published: December 2021

The commercial success of any business enterprise in the age of globalization and internationalization depends on the choice of marketing strategy. To remain competitive, all industries must follow new trends and face new challenges. In the context of the current market requirements, a new strategy for translating advertisements and slogans called transcreation has been attracting more attention and is an emergent trend for the Ukrainian market. In this study, we examine the phenomenon of transcreation and present an analysis of texts resulting from the application of the translation strategy. The problem of advertisement translation has been attracting attention of the modern linguists as the main task of a translator is 1) to choose the appropriate translation strategy so as 2) to clearly convey to the recipient the intended information of the original text considering all implicit as well as explicit shades of original message. One of the challenges in translating advertisements is the preservation of the communicative functions embedded in the original text or slogan. In our work, we covered the concept of "transcreation", analysed the translation of advertising slogans of world-famous German companies, as well as conducted a psycho-linguistic experiment using an online Google Forms questionnaire. Fifty-two informants evaluated nuances of the meanings on which advertising slogans and their translations were focused by transcreation. The results of our study can be used in training programs for future translators.
Key words: translation, translation strategy, translation of advertising texts, advertising slogans, transcreation, adaptation, psycho-linguistic experiment.
Ukrainian Traditional Embroidery in Clothes of the 50s of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Varyvonchyk Anastasiia
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to highlight fashion trends in clothing using traditional Ukrainian embroidery in the 50s of the twentieth century. The methodological foundations of the study are based on historical, art and cultural observations and analysis. Scientific novelty. The article examines historical sources, artifact finds, indicating the presence of embroidered ornamental elements in the decoration of the clothes of the Ukrainians of the indicated period. The manufacture of clothing, including embroidery, on the territory of Ukraine is associated with artisanal and industrial production. The article analyzes the state of embroidery using modern fashion trends in clothing of the 50s of the twentieth century. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of the art of making clothes of Ukrainian fashion of the 50s. XX century, we can state that the creation of compositionally complete collections of clothes, including those developed using national traditions, was possible due to the unification of the creative efforts of various industries of light industry. Mainly, in the fashion of the 50s, there were cardinal changes in silhouettes and shapes, in accordance with the change in the ideal of beauty. Skirts, straight and flared, came into fashion, pleated skirts, dress-coats, coats, suits made of shaped, overcoat fabrics, which were decorated with metal, leather, wooden buttons, were introduced, taking into account folk ornamental traditions. New styles of dresses were created on a fitted basis with the use of a variety of embroidered ornaments: «roosters», «flowers», embroidered with «nets», «satin stitch», with elements of sewing fabrics along the entire product, etc. The implementation of thematic, original artful designs directed and coordinated the activities of the textile, clothing, knitwear industries. Elements of national clothing with common motives of traditional Ukrainian embroidery attracted special attention in the fashion of that time.
PKM Konveksi Sebagai Sarana Pengembangan Industri Kreatif Di Desa Kebonagung Kecamatan Pakisaji Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Andajani Kusubakti , Andayani Endang Sri , ST., MT Retno Wulandari,
Published: December 2021

UMKM convection is a business that must be strengthened in relation to the implementation of the MEA. Srawung Convection UMKM which are partners for the Community Partnership Program have existed in Kebonagung Village, Pakisaji District, Malang Regency since 2014. The existence of Srawung Convection UMKM is very much felt by Vocational High Schools (SMK) in the City and District of Malang as an internship place to train clothing making skills t-shirts/t-shirts. Thus indirectly the existence of Srawung Convection UMKM helps overcome unemployment in the City and Regency of Malang through the creation of new t-shirt convection business actors. The problems that were agreed with Srawung Convection UMKM were: 1) Production aspects and 2) Economic aspects. Based on the results of the meeting and joint coordination with the Srawung Convection UMKM, it was agreed that the above problems were resolved by the following methods: 1) Convection UMKM Productivity Improvement Program which included: procurement and training of single needle sewing machines, procurement and training of chain sewing machines, and cloth cutting machines and 2) Convection UMKM Management Aspect Improvement Program which includes: business management training, production management training, marketing training, production planning training, financial management training, inventory training, marketing training, and HR management training. The results of the implementation of the PKM program: 1) The productivity of Srawung Convection UMKM increased by 100%, 2) The ability of the management aspects of Srawung Convection UMKM increased by 100%
Generalplaner – all in one
Authors: Diggelmann Peter , Lenherr Ivo
Published: December 2021

Generalplaner sind in der Baubranche eine vergleichsweise junge Erscheinung. Entsprechend vage wird der Begriff in der Praxis eingesetzt und entsprechend breit ist das Aufgabenprofil. Ein Blick zurück in die Baugeschichte wirft die Frage auf, wer früher diesen Aufgabenbereich innehatte: War es der Architekt, der klassische Baumeister? Der Blick in die Zukunft wiederum macht eines klar: Die künftigen Herausforderungen im Baubereich – insbesondere die zunehmende Komplexität der Aufgaben – werden dem Modell des Generalplaners zu noch mehr Auftrieb verhelfen. Die Definition wird deshalb geschärft, der Aufgabenbereich genauer umschrieben und die rechtlichen sowie die finanziellen Rahmenbedingungen werden geklärt werden. Dieses Buch eröffnet die Diskussion und gibt Denkanstösse für Generalplaner und ihre Auftraggeber.
Multirationales Management. Ansätze eines relativistischen Umgangs mit Rationalitäten in Organisationen
Authors: Schedler Kuno
Published: December 2021

Als Reaktion auf die steigende Komplexität der Umwelt entwickeln sich in öffentlichen Organisationen multiple Rationalitäten. Das heisst, dass innerhalb derselben Organisation gleichzeitig und auf Dauer unterschiedliche Handlungslogiken bestehen, die eine Kommunikation in der Organisation erschweren und latent Konflikte verursachen. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet das Konzept der (multiplen) Rationalitäten und stellt dar, wie die Organisationstheorie sie erfasst. Wir zeigen, dass die multirationale Organisation als Tatsache aufgenommen wurde, allerdings fehlt eine vertiefte Auseinandersetzung mit den Herausforderungen, die sich dadurch für das Management ergeben. Erste mögliche Ansätze werden aufgezeigt.
Extra-vertragliche Zumutungen im New Public Contractualism: Die doppelte Logik der Eingliederungsvereinbarung und die Rechtsstellung des Klienten im Sozialgesetzbuch II
Authors: Weinbach Christine
Published: December 2021

Der vorliegende Beitrag bemüht sich um eine institutionalistische Perspektive auf den subordinationsrechtlichen Status des Klienten bzw. der Klientin im Rechtskreis des SGB II, indem er den Verwaltungsvertrag Eingliederungsvereinbarung, über den die Integration des Klienten bzw. der Klientin in den Arbeitsmark gesteuert werden soll, als ein Regulationssystem im New Public Contracting begreift. Aus dieser Perspektive gilt der subordinationsrechtliche Status des Klienten bzw. der Klientin als konstitutiver Bestandteil eines doppelgleisigen Regulationssystems, das aus einem administrativen Vertragsrahmen aus Zielvereinbarungen und aus einer Sozialvertragsbeziehung0 zwischen Behörde und Klienten bzw. Klientin besteht. In der Interaktion zwischen Integrationsfachkraft und Klient bzw. Klientin treffen somit Erwartungen aus zwei unterschiedlichen Verwaltungskontexten aufeinander, die bei der gemeinsamen Auswahl einer Eingliederungsleistung zur Deckung gebracht werden müssen. Dabei muss sichergestellt sein, dass die administrative Zielsetzung nicht aus dem Blick gerät und auch notfalls gegen die Einwilligung des Klienten bzw. der Klientin an diesen bzw. diese adressiert werden kann.
Islam, Staat und Demokratie
Authors: Antes Peter
Published: December 2021

Die Frage, ob der Islam mit der Vorstellung vom modernen Staat und der Demokratie vereinbar ist oder nicht, ist seit Jahrzehnten diskutiert worden. Viele Islamgegner wie konservative Muslime kommen zu einer negativen Antwort, moderne Theologen im Islam dagegen sehen keinen Widerspruch zwischen dem Islam einerseits und dem modernen Staat und der Demokratie andererseits. Sie behaupten, der Koran sage wenig zur Herrschaftsform und Muslime haben historisch mit unterschiedlichsten Herrschaftsformen gelebt. Was diesbezüglich überrascht, ist die Tatsache, dass diese Diskussion während des "Arabischen Frühlings" 2011 keine Rolle gespielt hat, sondern die Menschen einfach Demokratie forderten und so jegliche autoritäre Herrschaft ablehnten. Dies zeigt eine tiefe Kluft zwischen der theologischen Führung und den konkreten Erwartungen des Volkes. Hierin sieht José Casanova eine Parallele zum Westlichen Christentum, das Ende des 19. und zu Beginn des 20. Jhs. die Demokratie ablehnte und dann Parteien hervorbrachte, die für sie eintraten.
Severe Gestational Low-Protein Intake Impacts Hippocampal Cellularity, Tau, and Amyloid-β Levels, and Memory Performance in Male Adult Offspring: An Alzheimer-Simile Disease Model?
Authors: Grigoletti-Lima Gabriel Boer , Lopes Marcelo Gustavo , Franco Ana Tereza Barufi , Damico Aparecida Marcela , Boer Patrìcia Aline , Rocha Gontijo José Antonio
Published: December 2021

Background:

Maternal undernutrition has been associated with psychiatric and neurological disorders characterized by learning and memory impairment.

Objective:

Considering the lack of evidence, we aimed to analyze the effects of gestational protein restriction on learning and memory function associated with hippocampal cell numbers and neurodegenerative protein content later in life.

Methods:

Experiments were conducted in gestational low- (LP, 6% casein) or regular-protein (NP, 17% casein) diet intake offspring. Behavioral tests, isolated hippocampal isotropic fractionator cell studies, immunoblotting, and survival lifetime were observed.

Results:

The birthweight of LP males is significantly reduced relative to NP male progeny, and hippocampal mass increased in 88-week-old LP compared to age-matched NP offspring. The results showed an increased proximity measure in 87-week-old LP compared to NP offspring. Also, LP rats exhibited anxiety-like behaviors compared to NP rats at 48 and 86-wk of life. The estimated neuron number was unaltered in LP rats; however, non-neuron cell numbers increased compared to NP progeny. Here, we showed unprecedented hippocampal deposition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), and tau protein in 88-week-old LP relative to age-matched NP offspring.

Conclusion:

To date, no predicted studies showed changes in hippocampal morphological structure in maternal protein-restricted elderly offspring. The current data suggest that gestational protein restriction may accelerate hippocampal function loss, impacting learning/memory performance, and supposedly developing diseases similar to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in elderly offspring. Thus, we propose that maternal protein restriction could be an elegant and novel method for constructing an AD-like model in adult male offspring.
Clinical applications of spectroscopic techniques in conjunction with multivariate analysis in virus diagnosis
Authors: Santos Marfran C. D. , Mariz João V. M. , Silva Raissa V. O. , Morais Camilo L. M. , Lima Kássio M. G.
Published: December 2021

In view of the global pandemic that started in 2020, caused by COVID-19, the importance of the existence of fast, reliable, cheap diagnostic techniques capable of detecting the virus even in the first days of infection became evident. This review discusses studies involving the use of spectroscopic techniques in the detection of viruses in clinical samples. Techniques based on mid-infrared, near-infrared, Raman, and molecular fluorescence are explained and it was demonstrated how they can be used in conjunction with computational tools of multivariate analysis to build models capable of detecting viruses. Studies that used real clinical samples from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. The results demonstrate the potential of the techniques in detecting viruses. Spectroscopic techniques, as well as chemometric techniques, were also explained. Viral diagnosis based on spectroscopy has interesting advantages compared to standard techniques such as: fast results, no need for reagents, non-destructiveness for the sample, no need for sample preparation, relatively low cost, among others. Several studies have corroborated the real possibility that, in the near future, we may have spectroscopic tools being successfully applied in viral diagnosis.
Studying APOE ɛ4 Allele Dose Effects with a Univariate Morphometry Biomarker
Authors: Wang Gang ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Zhou Wenju , Kong Deping , Qu Zongshuai , Ba Maowen , Hao Jinguang , Yao Tao , Dong Qunxi , Su Yi , Reiman Eric M. , Caselli Richard J. , Chen Kewei , Wang Yalin
Published: December 2021

Background: A univariate neurodegeneration biomarker (UNB) based on MRI with strong statistical discrimination power would be highly desirable for studying hippocampal surface morphological changes associated with APOE ɛ4 genetic risk for AD in the cognitively unimpaired (CU) population. However, existing UNB work either fails to model large group variances or does not capture AD induced changes. Objective: We proposed a subspace decomposition method capable of exploiting a UNB to represent the hippocampal morphological changes related to the APOE ɛ4 dose effects among the longitudinal APOE ɛ4 homozygotes (HM, N = 30), heterozygotes (HT, N = 49) and non-carriers (NC, N = 61). Methods: Rank minimization mechanism combined with sparse constraint considering the local continuity of the hippocampal atrophy regions is used to extract group common structures. Based on the group common structures of amyloid-β (Aβ) positive AD patients and Aβ negative CU subjects, we identified the regions-of-interest (ROI), which reflect significant morphometry changes caused by the AD development. Then univariate morphometry index (UMI) is constructed from these ROIs. Results: The proposed UMI demonstrates a more substantial statistical discrimination power to distinguish the longitudinal groups with different APOE ɛ4 genotypes than the hippocampal volume measurements. And different APOE ɛ4 allele load affects the shrinkage rate of the hippocampus, i.e., HM genotype will cause the largest atrophy rate, followed by HT, and the smallest is NC. Conclusion: The UMIs may capture the APOE ɛ4 risk allele-induced brain morphometry abnormalities and reveal the dose effects of APOE ɛ4 on the hippocampal morphology in cognitively normal individuals.
Administration of miR-195 Inhibitor Enhances Memory Function Through Improving Synaptic Degradation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction of the Hippocampal Neurons in SAMP8 Mice
Authors: Gao Zhaoyu , Zhang Rui , Jiang Lei , Zhou Huimin , Wang Qian , Ma Yingxin , Zhang Di , Qin Yushi , Tian Pei , Zhang Nan , Shi Zhongli , Xu Shunjiang
Published: December 2021

Background:

Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and miR-195 is involved in mitochondrial disorder through targeting MFN-2 protein in hippocampal neurons of AD.

Objective:

To clarify if administration of miR-195 inhibitor could enhance the memory deficits through improving hippocampal neuron mitochondrial dysfunction in SAMP8 mice.

Methods:

The expression of miR-195 was detected by RT-qPCR in primary hippocampal neurons and HT-22 cells treated with Aβ1–42. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to assess the learning and memory function in SAMP8 mice administrated with antagomir-195. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to determine the morphological changes of synapses and mitochondria of hippocampus in SAMP8 mice. Mitochondrial respiration was measured using a high-resolution oxygraph.

Results:

The expression of miR-195 were upregulated in the primary hippocampal neurons and HT-22 cells induced by Aβ1–42. Inhibition of miR-195 ameliorated the mitochondrial dysfunction in HT-22 cells induced by Aβ1–42, including mitochondrial morphologic damages, mitochondrial membrane potential, respiration function, and ATP production. Administration of antagomir-195 by the third ventricle injection markedly ameliorated the cognitive function, postsynaptic density thickness, length of synaptic active area, mitochondrial aspect ratio, and area in hippocampus of SAMP8 mice. Finally, antagomir-195 was able to promote an increase in the activity of respiratory chain complex CI and II in SAMP8 mice.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated that miR-195 inhibitor ameliorated the cognitive impairment of AD mice by improving mitochondrial structure damages and dysfunction in the hippocampal neurons, which provide an experimental basis for further exploring the treatment strategy of AD.
A plague epidemic disease optimizing approach
Authors: Zhou Ya , Gao Jinding
Published: December 2021

In order to solve some optimization problems with multi-local optimal solutions, a plague infectious disease optimization (PIDO) algorithm is proposed by the dynamic model of plague infectious disease with pulse vaccination and time delay. In this algorithm, it is assumed that there are several villagers living in a village, each villager is characterized by some characteristics. The plague virus is prevalent in the village, and the villagers contract the infectious disease through effective contact with sick rats. The plague virus attacks is the few characteristics of the human body. Under the action of the plague virus, the growth status of each villager will be randomly transformed among 4 states of susceptibility, exposure, morbidity and recovery, thus a random search is achieved for the global optimal solution. The physical strength degree of villagers is described by the human health index (HHI). The higher the villager’s HHI index, the stronger the physique and the higher the surviving likelihood. 9 operators (S_S, S_E, E_E, E_I, E_R, I_I, I_R, R_R, R_S) are designed in the PIDO algorithm, and each operator only deals with the 1/1000∼1/100 of the total number of variables each time. The case study results show that PIDO algorithm has the characteristics of fast search speed and global convergence, and it is suitable for solving global optimization problems with higher dimensions.
Challenges in setting permitted daily exposure limits for pharmaceuticals: A review
Authors: Ahuja Varun , Krishnappa Mohan
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: When more than one drug is manufactured at a shared facility or equipment in pharmaceutical manufacturing, the potential carry-over of the retained residue of existing drug product on product contact parts of the equipment to the next product can be a source of cross contamination. Permitted daily exposure (PDE) is derived based on the complete nonclinical and clinical data available and is a dose that is unlikely to cause adverse effects if an individual is exposed, by any route, at or below this dose every day over a lifetime. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to present a comprehensive review of available scientific knowledge for derivation of PDE. METHODS: PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched using keywords “PDE” and “pharmaceuticals” and all the relevant literature up to March 2021 was reviewed. We have also calculated PDEs for Tobramycin (CAS No. 32986-56-4) and Acetyl Salicylic Acid (ASA, CAS No. 50-78-2). RESULTS: This research will be useful for scientists working in the PDE domain. The given examples emphasize the importance of use of human data in calculating PDE. CONCLUSION: The duty of the risk assessor entrusted with setting PDEs is to derive a data driven, scientifically justified value that is safe for patients, while avoiding unjustified conservativeness that puts unnecessary burden on manufacturing.
Is it chicken or the egg: Obesity, anxiety and depression in hospital workers
Authors: Akkaya Demir Sema , Akder Rana Nagihan , Meseri Reci
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:

Healthcare workers are susceptible to obesity, anxiety and depression.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the prevalence and association of obesity, anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals working in a hospital.

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional study all of the employees of a hospital were invited to participate ( n = 150). Anxiety (via Beck Anxiety Scale) and depression symptoms (via Beck Depression Scale) and obesity were dependent and independent variables. Obesity was determined both with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal obesity (Waist circumference-WC). Data were collected with face-to-face interviews and anthropometric measurements were done. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 with student t-test, chi-square and correlation tests. Significance was set at a p-value < 0.05.

RESULTS:

Among the participants who agreed to participate ( n = 131, 64.1% females), 35.1% were obese and 50.4% were abdominally obese. The 35.9% had moderate-severe anxiety symptoms, 19.1% had moderate-severe depression symptoms. Both BMI and WC had positive, moderate and significant correlation with anxiety and depression scores. After adjusting for socio-demographic variables obesity (both with BMI and WC) was an independent factor for anxiety and depression symptom presence, whereas after adjusted for these variables anxiety and depression symptom presence was an independent factor for obesity and abdominal obesity ( p = 0.001 for all).

CONCLUSIONS:

There is a correlation between anxiety, depression and obesity. In addition to nutrition interventions in combating obesity, services that will improve mental health should be provided together as teamwork.
Non-invasive brain microcurrent stimulation therapy of long-COVID-19 reduces vascular dysregulation and improves visual and cognitive impairment
Authors: Sabel Bernhard A. , Zhou Wanshu , Huber Frank , Schmidt Florentina , Sabel Kornelia , Gonschorek Andreas , Bilc Mirela
Published: December 2021

Background:

An effective treatment is needed for long-COVID patients which suffer from symptoms of vision and/or cognition impairment such as impaired attention, memory, language comprehension, or fatigue.

Objective:

Because COVID-19infection causes reduced blood flow which may cause neuronal inactivation, we explored if neuromodulation with non-invasive brain stimulation using microcurrent (NIBS), known to enhance blood flow and neuronal synchronization, can reduce these symptoms.

Methods:

Two female long-COVID patients were treated for 10–13 days with alternating current stimulation of the eyes and brain. While one patient (age 40) was infected with the SARS CoV-2 virus, the other (age 72) developed symptoms following AstraZeneca vaccination. Before and after therapy, cognition was assessed subjectively by interview and visual fields quantified using perimetry. One patient was also tested with a cognitive test battery and with a retinal dynamic vascular analyser (DVA), a surrogate marker of vascular dysregulation in the brain.

Results:

In both patients NIBS markedly improved cognition and partially reversed visual field loss within 3–4 days. Cognitive tests in one patient confirmed recovery of up to 40–60% in cognitive subfunctions with perimetry results showing stable and visual field recovery even during follow-up. DVA showed that NIBS reduced vascular dysregulation by normalizing vessel dynamics (dilation/constriction), with particularly noticeable changes in the peripheral veins and arteries.

Conclusions:

NIBS was effective in improving visual and cognitive deficits in two confirmed SARS-COV-2 patients. Because recovery of function was associated with restoration of vascular autoregulation, we propose that (i) hypometabolic, “silent” neurons are the likely biological cause of long-COVID associated visual and cognitive deficits, and (ii) reoxygenation of these “silent” neurons provides the basis for neural reactivation and neurological recovery. Controlled trials are now needed to confirm these observations.
An Interdisciplinary Partnership Approach to Improving the Digital Literacy Skills of Nursing Students to Become Digitally Fluent, Work-Ready Graduates
Authors: Lokmic-Tomkins Zeruba , Cochrane Lindy , Celeste Tania , Burnie Morag
Published: December 2021

Digital transformation and the development of a digitally fluent nursing workforce are necessary for engagement with digital technologies in healthcare settings. For this purpose, educators aim to develop workforce-ready graduates equipped with disciplinary knowledge, expertise, and digital capabilities supportive of further professional development. Having identified a subset of nursing students with low levels of digital literacy, the nursing faculty engaged with library services and the academic skills unit to develop and embed a sustainable Nursing Digital Literacy Module in the graduate entry to practice nursing program. This paper reports on the model created and early evaluation of the student uptake of the module.
Exploring Nursing Students’ Learning Experiences in Improving Their Health Information Technology Competency in Interdisciplinary Cooperation: An Innovative Pilot Study
Authors: Chia-Jung Hsieh , Tzu-Chi Hsu , Pei-Chang Hsu
Published: December 2021

This study aims to explore nursing students’ learning experiences in improving their health information technology competency in interdisciplinary cooperation. Through the nursing student training for designing thinking focused on smart health, we revealed the profound learning experience through interdisciplinary cooperation as well as the practice of problem solving, not only strengthens the students’ health information technology competency, but ignites their creative thinking and creativity, altogether enhances their competitiveness in health care industry.
Supporting the Development of Informatics Competencies Among Senior Nurse Leaders in Canada
Authors: Strudwick Gillian , Nagle Lynn , Kennedy Margaret Ann , White Peggy , Lo Brian , Currie Leanne
Published: December 2021

This poster will provide an overview of the various initiatives completed to support the development of informatics competencies among senior nurse leaders in Canada. These initiatives have included a literature review to uncover competencies of relevance to the Canadian context, and a Delphi study to achieve consensus on the competencies for Canada. Current and future plans will be discussed to translate these competencies into practice among senior nurse leaders.
Disparity in Access to Care Impacts Liver Transplant Mortality
Authors: Lentobarros Danielle , Karp Sarah , Simon Gyorgy J , Pruett Timothy , Schold Jesse , Pruinelli Lisiane
Published: December 2021

This study aims to analyze how access to care influences patient mortality rates after liver transplants in adults by analyzing the relationships between insurance coverage, income, geographic location, and mortality rates post-transplantation. It was hypothesized that a sociodemographic variable, such as insurance type, geographical location, and income level would impact mortality rates post-liver transplant. Results showed that unknown insurance coverage increased the likelihood of mortality post-transplant, income level was not found to be a significant indicator, and patients living in the Northeast region of the United States were more likely to die post-liver transplant.
Application of Anti-Stigma Design Heuristics for Usability Inspection
Authors: Abdulai Abdul-Fatawu , Howard A Fuchsia , Noga Heather , Yong Paul J , Currie Leanne M
Published: December 2021

User interface evaluation has become important in developing usable health care technologies. Although usability engineering methods have been applied in the design and evaluation of health care software, available heuristics focus on task-work aspects and do not address stigma associated with many health conditions. We used a previous set of heuristics and propose a new set of anti-stigma heuristics to evaluate stigmatization in health care websites. The extended set of heuristics were concurrently applied in a heuristic evaluation and a cognitive walkthrough to evaluate an endometriosis and sexual pain website. The walkthrough involved 5 tasks that required 21 actions to execute. Twenty-six usability problems were identified and recommendations for re-design were made to the design team before end-user testing. The anti-stigma heuristics received worse ratings than the traditional heuristics, resulting in several design changes that might otherwise have been missed. Thus, the new anti-stigma heuristics were a valuable contribution.
Nursing Informatics Research Trends: Findings from an International Survey
Authors: Peltonen Laura-Maria , Nibber Raji , Block Lorraine , Ronquillo Charlene , Lozada Perezmitre Erika , Lewis Adrienne , Alhuwail Dari , Ali Samira , Georgsson Mattias , Jeon Eunjoo , Tayaben Jude L , Lee Ying-Li , Kuo Chiu-Hsiang , Shu Shao-Hui , Hsu Hanjen , Sommer Janine , Sarmiento Raymond Francis R. , Jung Hyunggu , Eler Gabrielle J. , Badger Martha K. , Zhao Rui , Zhou Tong , Deforest Haley , Atique Suleman , Topaz Maxim , Pruinelli Lisiane
Published: December 2021

This follow-up survey on trends in Nursing Informatics (NI) was conducted by the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Student and Emerging Professionals (SEP) group as a cross-sectional study in 2019. There were 455 responses from 24 countries. Based on the findings NI research is evolving rapidly. Current ten most common trends include: clinical quality measures, clinical decision support, big data, artificial intelligence, care coordination, education and competencies, patient safety, mobile health, description of nursing practices and evaluation of patient outcomes. The findings help support the efforts to efficiently use resources in the promotion of health care activities, to support the development of informatics education and to grow NI as a profession.
Development and Application of Nursing Risk Management Evaluation System
Authors: Xiaoyu Li , Jinxue Li , Fengqiong Jiang , Yan Zhu , Qiaohua Ye
Published: December 2021

Objective: to construct an integrated nursing risk management assessment system, standardize nursing risk assessment and management process, and improve the implementation rate of nursing risk assessment and nursing safety quality. Methods: a special team was set up to construct an integrated nursing risk management and assessment system, including management personnel, clinical nurses and information engineers, to analyze the problems existing in the old nursing risk assessment and design an integrated nursing risk management and assessment system. Results: the integrated nursing risk management assessment system was applied in all wards of the hospital from July 2019 to September 2019, and 25,778 cases were evaluated. It has the advantages of intelligence, integration, convenient operation, historical score query, guiding standard management of high-risk patients. Conclusion: the intelligence, integration and standardization of the integrated nursing risk management assessment system can improve nursing efficiency, standardize nursing risk management, improve nursing staff satisfaction, and reduce the incidence of nursing adverse events in high-risk patients.
Development and Implementation of Pediatric Nursing-Clinical Decision Support System for Hyperthermia: A Pre- and Post-Test
Authors: Zhao Yongxin , Hu Jing , Gu Ying , Wan Yanmin , Liu Fang , Ye Chengjie , Zhang Xiaobo
Published: December 2021

Firstly, we form the Pediatric Nursing-Knowledge Base for Hyperthermia, which combines publicly clinical practice guidelines and nursing routines of hyperthermia management. Then, following the nursing process framework, the system is developed by clinical decision support technology. Finally, a pre- and post-test is adopted to examine the effectiveness, usability and feasibility before and after using the system. Its effectiveness is examined by nursing records quality including completeness of nursing assessment, timeliness of nursing diagnosis, individualization of nursing interventions, and timeliness of nursing evaluation. Its usability and feasibility are assessed using the Clinical Nursing Information System Effectiveness Evaluation Scale. There is a significant difference between the two groups in effectiveness, usability and feasibility. Although the system is developed specifically for our hospital workflow and processes, the Pediatric Nursing-Knowledge Base for Hyperthermia and workflow for hyperthermia management in this study can be used as a reference to other hospitals.
Towards Developing “Oops! Solver” for Elderly Care
Authors: Nishimura Satoshi , Oshiyama Chiaki , Oota Yuichi
Published: December 2021

Long-term care costs, burdens of caregivers, and their resultant shortage are prevalent concerns in an increasingly aging society. Use of information and communication technologies is one possible solution to expedite human resource development; however, there are few knowledge resources that are interpretable by computers. In this study, we present Example of structured manuals for elderly care as a knowledge resource for question-answering systems. We conducted semi-structured interviews with caregivers in a care facility and retrieved information from an open data set to collect “Oops” incidents in daily caregiving. Based on the collected incidents, we created questions worded in natural language and corresponding computer-interpretable queries. Consequently, we obtained 150 Oops incidents and 33 computer-interpretable queries and confirmed the queries can retrieve relevant knowledge from the knowledge resource.
Enhancing Safety via Medication Self-Management and Timely Reporting
Authors: Jiang Yun , Gong Yang
Published: December 2021

Medication errors have been a major threat to patient safety. Current research on medication errors is largely dependent on in-hospital reports. With the rapid shift of health care to chronic condition management, there is an urgent need to investigate medication errors in the community. In this paper, we discuss that the model of medication self-management developed for outpatient settings may be used to guide the development of prevention strategies for medication errors beyond hospitals. Further, timely reporting medication errors from patients in the communities may be helpful in mitigating the severity of side effects and reducing preventable safety events.
Finger Tapping Measures for Parkinson’s Disease: Preliminary Evaluation of an Android Application for Data Collection in Australia
Authors: Suominen Hanna , Manocha Mehika , Desborough Jane , Parkinson Anne , Apthorp Deborah
Published: December 2021

Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a progressive chronic disorder with a high misdiagnosis rate. Because finger-tapping tasks correlate with its fine-motor symptoms, they could be used to help diagnose and assess PD. We first designed and developed an Android application to perform finger-tapping tasks without trained supervision, which is not always feasible for patients. Then, we conducted a preliminary user evaluation in Australia with six patients clinically diagnosed with PD and sixteen controls without PD. The application could be used in research and healthcare for regular symptom and progression assessment and feedback.
Maximizing Opportunities for User-Centered Design in Acute-Care: Introducing the Focal Wall
Authors: Risling Tracie , Baerg Krista , Tupper Susan , Chartier Lori
Published: December 2021

Digital health is a promising development in the pursuit of patient centered care. Technological developments, like patient portals, are providing new opportunities for patients to engage in their own healthcare journeys, increasing access to health data and practitioners in many cases. The primary objective of this research is the establishment of an in-patient portal for a new children’s hospital through a collaborative design process. This paper details experiences from the first phase of this multi-year project and in particular methodological solutions that have been developed in order to meet the challenges of engaging acute care patients, families, and practitioners in user-centered design within such a demanding context.
The impact of disease duration in persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) on the quality of life, dizziness handicap and mental health
Authors: Teh Carren Sui-Lin , Prepageran Narayanan
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic functional disorder which interferes with the way individuals experience their personal, social and work life. OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of disease duration in PPPD on the quality of life (QOL), dizziness handicap and mental health on the patients. METHODS: A prospective study comparing the EQ-5D for QOL, Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and DASS-21 between 27 patients with PPPD and 27 of those who have recovered from an acute vestibular event. Similar parameters between PPPD patients with symptoms less than one year and more than a year were compared. RESULTS: The PPPD patients were predominantly females and middle-aged with significantly higher DHI scores (mean 48.3 + 25.7, p = 0.00002), higher total mean scores in the DASS-21 (mean 21.6 + 13.7, p = 0.009) and poorer QOL with mean EQ-5D VAS of 67.9 + 17.3 (p < 0.00001). PPPD patients with symptoms for more than a year had significant increase in physical handicap (p = 0.041) as well as anxiety levels (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: PPPD is predominantly seen in females and middle-aged which significantly reduces the QOL, increases dizziness handicap and increases depression, anxiety and stress levels. The increase in duration of illness further increases the anxiety levels and physical handicap.
Physical therapists’ knowledge and implementation of best practices in the outpatient physiotherapy department during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Ahmad Akasha , Ashraf Ayesha , Imtiaz Zara , Albalwi Abdulaziz , Hussain Muhammad Nouman
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapists (PTs) play an important role in the well-being and physical rehabilitation of patients with long term health problems. It is important that PTs follow recommended practices that minimize the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in providing Outpatient Physiotherapy services. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of COVID-19 among the PTs and evaluate the state of implementation of best practices in Outpatient Physiotherapy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections during the ongoing pandemic. METHODS: A self-administered online questionnaire consisting of three sections, including section one on demographic information, section two on evaluating knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 and section three on implementing best practices as a survey tool for collecting data from PTs working in Lahore and Faisalabad in Punjab, Pakistan. RESULTS: A total of 216 completed surveys were received. Correct responses to different questions devised to test the participants’ knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 varied from 58.3% to 99%. The implementation of best practices to prevent the infection transmission in the Outpatient Physiotherapy ranged from 22.7% to 92.1% for different domains. The age of the PTs and OPD setting were associated significantly with the PTs’ knowledge of COVID-19 and also with the state of implementation of recommended practices to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Outpatient Physiotherapy (p < .05). CONCLUSION: The majority of the PTs, particularly those working in the clinic setting, possessed a good knowledge of COVID-19 and implemented best practices in their Outpatient Physiotherapy at a good level. However, efforts should be directed towards further improving the knowledge of PTs and ensuring implementation of best practices in Outpatient Physiotherapy, particularly in government and private hospitals.