bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-operative rehabilitation and nutrition in osteoarthritis
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe , Mobasheri Ali , Trovato Francesca Maria , Szychlinska Marta Anna , Imbesi Rosa , Castrogiovanni Paola
Published: April 2015

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative process involving the progressive loss of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation and structural changes in subchondral bone that lead to loss of synovial joint structural features and functionality of articular cartilage. OA represents one of the most common causes of physical disability in the world. Different OA treatments are usually considered in relation to the stage of the disease. In the early stages, it is possible to recommend physical activity programs that can maintain joint health and keep the patient mobile, as recommended by OA Research Society International (OARSI) and European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR). In the most severe and advanced cases of OA, surgical intervention is necessary. After, in early postoperative stages, it is essential to include a rehabilitation exercise program in order to restore the full function of the involved joint. Physical therapy is crucial for the success of any surgical procedure and can promote recovery of muscle strength, range of motion, coordinated walking, proprioception and mitigate joint pain. Furthermore, after discharge from the hospital, patients should continue the rehabilitation exercise program at home associated to an appropriate diet. In this review, we analyze manuscripts from the most recent literature and provide a balanced and comprehensive overview of the latest developments on the effect of physical exercise on postoperative rehabilitation in OA. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar, using the keywords ‘osteoarthritis’, ‘rehabilitation’, ‘exercise’ and ‘nutrition’. The available data suggest that physical exercise is an effective, economical and accessible to everyone practice, and it is one of the most important components of postoperative rehabilitation for OA.
Perception of physiological visual illusions by individuals with schizophrenia.
Authors: Ciszewski Słowomir , Wichowicz Hubert , Żuk Krzysztof
Published: April 2015

Postrzeganie wzrokowe przez osoby chore na schizofrenię należy do zagadnień relatywnie rzadko badanych. Celem niniejszego artykułu było przybliżenie zagadnienia postrzegania fizjologicznych złudzeń wzrokowych przez osoby chore na schizofrenię, odmienności potwierdzonej - co prawda niezbyt licznymi - publikacjami. Zwiększona lub zmniejszona podatność chorych na różne złudzenia wydaje się nie mieć związku z umiejscowieniem powstawania iluzji w aparacie wzrokowym, zjawisko występuje również w przypadku powiązania iluzji z innymi modalnościami. Zupełnie niezbadanym zagadnieniem, choć mówi się o potrzebie jego zgłębienia, jest podatność osób chorych na schizofrenię na iluzje haptyczne. Obraz, jaki wyłania się z zaprezentowanych badań, to pewna „oporność” tych chorych wobec niektórych z iluzji i niejako bardziej „rzeczowa” ocena zjawisk wizualnych, jakkolwiek pojedyncze złudzenia (np. Müller-Lyera) postrzegane są w sposób wzmożony. Jednak mimo to, zaburzenia postrzegania iluzji wzrokowych ani nie znalazły się w przesłankach diagnozowania ryzykownego stanu psychicznego, ani nie zostały wliczone do endofenotypu schizofrenii. Pomimo fragmentaryczności danych, czasami małej replikowalności wyników i braku „złotego standardu” badań, udało się dojść do pewnych wstępnych wniosków odnośnie kluczowych kwestii. Nieprawidłowości percepcji wzrokowej wykazują powiązanie z: wymiarem dezorganizacji, złym wyjściowym funkcjonowaniem społecznym, złym rokowaniem, oraz z postaciami, które można opisać jako neurorozwojowe. Zazwyczaj niepostrzegane przez chorych ze schizofrenią złudzenia to te, które wymagają uwagi wolicjonalnej, ponadto wykazują one niewrażliwość na kontrast figura/tło.
Confluent A -hypergeometric functions and rapid decay homology cycles
Authors: Esterov Alexander , Takeuchi Kiyoshi
Published: April 2015

We study confluent $A$-hypergeometric functions introduced by Adolphson. In particular, we give their integral
representations by using rapid decay homology cycles of Hien. The method of toric compactifications introduced
in our previous works will be used to prove our main theorem. Moreover we apply it to obtain a formula for the
asymptotic expansions at infinity of confluent $A$-hypergeometric functions.
The expected total curvature of random polygons
Authors: Cantarella Jason , Grosberg Alexander Y. , Kusner Robert , Shonkwiler Clayton
Published: April 2015

We consider the expected value for the total curvature of a random closed
polygon. Numerical experiments have suggested that as the number of edges
becomes large, the difference between the expected total curvature of a
random closed polygon and a random open polygon with the same number of
turning angles approaches a positive constant. We show that this is true
for a natural class of probability measures on polygons, and give a
formula for the constant in terms of the moments of the edgelength
distribution. We then consider the symmetric measure on closed polygons of
fixed total length constructed by Cantarella, Deguchi, and Shonkwiler. For
this measure, we are able to prove that the expected value of total
curvature for a closed $n$-gon is exactly ${\pi\over 2}n+{\pi\over
4}{2n\over 2n-3}$. As a consequence, we show that at least $1/3$ of
fixed-length hexagons and $1/11$ of fixed-length heptagons in ${\Bbb R}^3$
are unknotted.
Transitional Justice and Its Discontents
Authors: McCargo Duncan
Published: April 2015

The political-transition paradigm has been widely debated in the pages of the Journal of Democracy and elsewhere, but its idealistic younger sibling, the transitional-justice paradigm, has rarely been scrutinized so critically. This article argues that as the International Criminal Court runs out of steam, the heyday of transitional justice—with its clamor for more international tribunals and truth commissions—has passed. Whatever lawyers want us to believe, laws are made by people, and law cannot be morally superior to politics. In the aftermath of mass violence, we need a combination of serious historical research and pragmatic political solutions, not therapeutic legalism.
Lifestyle Transmigration: Understanding a Hypermobile Minority in Mérida, Mexico
Authors: Bantman-Masum Eve
Published: April 2015

Este artículo se centra en los transmigrantes de estilo de vida que se han trasladado al extranjero al menos tres veces, describiendo sus prácticas de movilidad y las respuestas que dan a las limitaciones estructurales, también se describen las trayectorias individuales que les han impulsado a vivir en muchos países. Estos inmigrantes hipermóviles han decidido vivir en el extranjero debido a preocupaciones sobre el estilo de vida. Mantener y aumentar su movilidad está entre sus principales preocupaciones, en marcado contraste con la mayoría de los migrantes de estilo de vida que son, en comparación, relativamente sedentarios. Por tanto, nuestros resultados apoyan la idea de que el estilo de vida de la migración ofrece un marco conceptual flexible que se aplica a diversos grupos de individuos que practican formas heterogéneas de movilidad geográfica.
A Sign on a Tree: A Case for “Public Knowledge”
Authors: Ma Lai
Published: April 2015

Can information be objective and/or subjective? Based on Patrick Wilson’s notion of public knowledge and a story of a sign on a tree, this paper argues that private information is not the same as subjective information , and that the very communicative process of making information makes information objective. It also argues that the objective sense of information—public knowledge—has been and will be most relevant to information science, hence questions concerning collective responsibility in collecting, preserving, and organizing information shall be considered.
Las “muchas (aunque bárbaras)” voces líricas de La Araucana y la índole poética de una “historia verdadera”
Authors: Valencia Felipe
Published: April 2015

En las partes II y III de La Araucana (1569-89), de Alonso de Ercilla, varias diversiones respecto a la materia principal de la guerra del Arauco presentan a una mujer araucana que le cuenta al poeta-protagonista la historia de sus amores desgraciados. Con especial atención a la teoría de la lírica en la época de Ercilla y al sentido que Garcilaso de la Vega le dio a la voz de Dido, el presente artículo propone una nueva lectura de estas diversiones de La Araucana como un desvío lírico con respecto a lo épico del resto del poema. Así, el artículo postula una interpretación de la tensión entre poesía e historia que articula La Araucana y contribuye a entender también el legado de Garcilaso a finales del siglo XVI y el alcance de su influencia en Ercilla. Por último, el trabajo aporta datos e ideas sobre la teoría de la lírica en el Siglo de Oro, teniendo en cuenta que en aquel entonces apenas existía una categoría clara de lírica y que además la crítica reciente ha puesto en tela de juicio nuestras propias ideas sobre la lírica del Siglo de Oro.
The civic classroom in higher education: Contested terrain
Authors: Cole Rose M. , Heinecke Walter F.
Published: April 2015

In order to better understand the college classroom as a site of potential citizenship education, this article connects the delimited literature of the contested purposes of citizenship in higher education with scholarship on education for citizenship and provides empirical evidence from an analysis of how macro contextual influences are worked out in the micro practices of pedagogy and curricular design. By analysing two interdisciplinary college classrooms both with civic aims, this research offers a potential typology for understanding citizenship education at institutions of higher education.
Explaining the naming of heavy metal from rock’s ‘Back Pages’: A dialogue with Deena Weinstein
Authors: Brown Andy R.
Published: April 2015

This article debates (with Deena Weinstein’s work, in particular) the origins of the adjectival phrase heavy metal, as it is seen to emerge from rock criticism in the early 1970s. Drawing on an extensive database of rock writing, sourced from the archives of Rock’s Backpages and Rolling Stone magazine, 1967–2007, I offer i) a quantitative analysis of the patterning of the deployment of the phrase over time, noting in particular negative, positive and comparative uses, and ii) a qualitative analysis of how such patterns indicate the process of discursive construction of the genre name, as it emerges from the reviews and think-pieces of key rock writers. On the basis of this evidence I suggest that the emergence of the genre name, superseding that of white blues and hard rock, reflects a profound lack of critical consensus (a dissensus) in North American rock criticism, to the extent that the popularity of ‘third-generation’ heavy metal bands negatively reflects upon the mature development of the counter-cultural youth movement and progressive or authentic rock styles.
Reviews
Authors: Coggins Owen , Riches Gabby , Savigny Heather , Penke Niels , Spracklen Karl
Published: April 2015

Hardcore Punk and Other Junk: Aggressive Sounds in Contemporary Music, Eric James Abbey and Colin Helb (eds) (2014) New York: Lexington Books, 228 pp., ISBN: 0739176054, h/bk, £49.95

The Metal Dictionary: A Compiled Lexicon of Exclusive and Musically-Related Terminology Unique to the Genre of Heavy Metal (Edition 1), Kinzic (2012) Philadelphia: Independent Publication,153 pp., p/bk, £7

Sounds and the City. Popular Music, Place and Globalization, Brett Lashua, Karl Spracklen and Stephen Wagg (eds) (2014) Basingstoke: Palgrave, ISBN: 9781137283108, h/bk, £65.00

Methoden der Heavy Metal-Forschung: Interdisziplinäre Zugänge/Methods of Heavy Metal Studies: Interdisciplinary Approaches, Florian Heesch, Anna-Katharina Höpflinger (Eds) (2014) Münster/New York: Waxmann, 200 pp., ISBN: 9783830930648, p/bk, 34.90 €

Le Guide Rock: Londra, Le Guide Rock: New York, Le Guide Rock: Berlino, Francesca Fabi (2012) Rome: Arcana, 160 pp., ISBN: 9788862311960 (London), ISBN: 9788862312684 (New York), ISBN: 9788862311977 (Berlin), p/bk, €12.00
Patrullando la ciudad: los negros curros de José Victoriano Betancourt
Authors: Camacho Jorge
Published: April 2015

En este artículo se explora la figura del escritor costumbrista José Victoriano Betancourt en su papel de paseante o flaneur. El objetivo principal es definir el impulso racionalizador de este personaje cuando describe las afueras de la ciudad donde vivían los afrodescendientes. En su viaje al otro lado de la ciudad, Betancourt descubre un mundo extraño, de seres mitológicos, que son descritos como los otros, los que no son blancos. Esto le permite a su vez señalar las diferencias entre las razas y los personajes que merodeaban en el bajo mundo habanero.
Motivos de son de Nicolás Guillén desde perspectivas teóricas sobre la representación del Otro en la novela testimonio latinoamericana y en la etnografía posmoderna
Authors: Arnedo-Gómez Miguel
Published: April 2015

Este artículo propone considerar la primera colección de poemas negros Motivos de son (1930) del escritor cubano Nicolás Guillén como un tipo de literatura etnográfica que supera algunos de los problemas formales y metodológicos en otras representaciones de la oralidad del subalterno en la literatura latinoamericana. El análisis incluye comparaciones entre Motivos de son y la fórmula tradicional para el testimonio latinoamericano, sobre todo con referencia a Cimarrón del autor cubano Miguel Barnet y a Me llamo Rigoberta Menchú y así me nació la conciencia de la autora venezolana Elizabeth Burgos. Se demuestra que Motivos de son es una obra innovadora para su época y en bastantes sentidos se aproxima a formas de representación del otro sugeridas por teóricos de la llamada etnografía posmoderna, como James Clifford. En el análisis también se moviliza el concepto de la polifonía literaria del pensador ruso Mijaíl Bajtín para dar cuenta del carácter polifónico de la colección y explicar su singularidad e importancia dentro de la obra poética de Guillén.
Raza y color: el dilema cubano
Authors: Rodríguez Pedro Pablo
Published: April 2015

El artículo ofrece ideas y prácticas culturales para proponer que la experiencia del afrodescendiente en Cuba no puede ser asumida por las ciencias sociales solamente desde una perspectiva de raza, sino que el asunto es más abarcador y posee notables singularidades en la Isla, al punto que es uno de los elementos básicos, definitorios e inexcusables a la hora de examinar la sociedad cubana, tanto histórica como cultural y sociológicamente, tanto en el pasado como en el presente y seguramente en el futuro. Por eso es imprescindible también ubicar tal examen en la perspectiva nacional, dada la importancia enorme que la formación de la nación ha tenido en la definición de la sociedad cubana, sobre todo durante los siglos XIX y XX.
Luis Palés Matos y Aimé Césaire: entre África y América en un barco libertario
Authors: López-Baralt Mercedes
Published: April 2015

A partir de la obra del jamaiquino Claude McKay, del martiniqués Aimé Césaire y del puertorriqueño Luis Palés Matos, Jean-Claude Bajeux propuso —desde una perspectiva comparatista— que la negritud antillana se rige por cuatro leyes: el ritmo y la sonoridad, la denominación (el inventario sistemático del mundo afroantillano), la inversión de los valores de la cultura oficial y la amplificación del sujeto (del yo al nosotros). López-Baralt propone un análisis de algunos textos poéticos de Luis Palés Matos y Aimé Césaire, ya que comparten, además de las cuatro leyes mencionadas, un símbolo plurivalente inserto en el campo semántico de la liberación y ligado históricamente a la diáspora africana en las Antillas: el barco.
A «África» con Aimé Césaire y Wifredo Lam
Authors: Arnold A. James
Published: April 2015

El artículo analiza el concepto de negritud en la obra poética de Aimé Césaire y su relación cultural con intelectuales europeos y caribeños, especialmente con el pintor cubano Wifredo Lam, cuya convergencia artística y personal duró más de cuatro décadas. A partir de composiciones de Aimé Césaire como el poema «A África», dedicado a Lam, y su análisis a la luz de cuadros como «La jungla,» Arnold analiza la representación del continente africano en el imaginario poético de Aimé Césaire.
‘Division of the Monochord’ and the science of harmonics in the Hellenistic era
‘Kanon’un Bölünümü’ yazması ve Helenistik dönemde müzikbilim
Authors: Baysal Ozan
Published: April 2015

This study will discuss the importance of the manuscript Division of the Monochord (Sectio Canonis in Latin, Katotomes Kanonos in Greek) in the history of Greek harmonic science. Estimated to be a work dating from the early years of the Hellenistic Era, Division of the Monochord remains to be the earliest full-text document that presents the Pythagorean approach to harmonics in a systematic framework. Starting with a discussion on the nature of sound which – as it states - is based on movement as well as the reasons of consonance and dissonance, the work continues relating the rules of concordance with arithmetic principles and re-examines these principles within a musical framework, ultimately leading to the final part which teaches to establish the Greater Perfect System on a monochord (kanon). Kanon which bears meanings as rule, rightness, truthful model and scale in ancient Greek, thus becomes a instrumental device in Pythagorean musical theory, reflecting the truth along with its visual and audible counterparts. Besides presenting a detailed examination of this manuscript, the aim of this study is to evaluate the text along with the historical, philosophical and scientific dimensions that surround it. Considered from this point, it will be revealed that Division of the Monochord is much more than a simple music theory manuscript for the Pythagoreans, but rather a “project of truth”.

Özet

Bu çalışmada Kanon’un Bölünümü yazmasının Antik Çağ müzik-teori tarihindeki önemi tartışılacaktır. Helenistik dönemin ilk yüzyılından kalma bir eser olduğu tahmin edilen Kanon’un Bölünümü, Pisagorcuların müzik teorisine yaklaşımlarının sistematik bir çerçevede ele alındığının tarihte tespit edilebildiği ilk tam metindir. Sesin doğası, sesler arası uyumluluğun nedenleri, bu nedenlerin aritmetik prensiplerle açıklanması ve daha sonra bu prensiplerin müzikal bağlamda tekrar ele alındığı Kanon’un Bölünümü yazması, son önermelerinde monokort (kanon) enstrümanı üzerinde iki oktavlık diyatonik sistemin kurulması ile sonlanır. Antik Yunan’da doğru bir model ve ölçek anlamında kullanılan kanon kelimesi, böylelikle Pisagorcu müzik kuramında da doğru’yu gösteren bir bilgi ve bu doğru bilginin görsel ve duyumsal yansımalarının deneyimlendiği bir ölçek enstrüman olacaktır. Çalışmanın amacı, bu yazmanın detaylı bir incelemesi olmanın yanı sıra, yazmanın Helenistik dönem müzik biliminde, onu çevreleyen tarihsel, felsefi ve bilimsel boyutları ile birlikte değerlendirilmesidir. Bu açılardan değerlendirildiğinde Kanon’un Bölünümü’nün Pisagorcular için basit bir müzik teorisi yazmasından çok bir “hakikat projesi” olduğu ortaya çıkacaktır. 
Positive and negative affect as predictors of family life satisfaction
Authors: Bakalım Orkide , Taşdelen-Karçkay Arzu
Published: April 2015

This study was conducted to predict the levels family life satisfaction by the positive and negative affect variables on high school students. Sample group consists of 456 students of various types of high schools in Uşak city center. In the study “Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)” and “Family Life Satisfaction Scale” were used as data collection tools. In order to predict the levels of Family Life Satisfaction by Positive and Negative Affect, Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis was performed. When the findings of the study were analyzed, the first predicator of the family life satisfaction was determined as the negative affect and the latter positive affect.
Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT): limitations on the way to become diagnosis
Authors: Kotsopoulou Ioanna , Tsoplou Panagiota , Mavrommatis Konstantinos , Kroupis Christos
Published: April 2015

With the discovery of existing circulating cell-free fetal DNA (ccffDNA) in maternal plasma and the advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, there is substantial hope that prenatal diagnosis will become a predominately non-invasive process in the future. At the moment, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is available for high-risk pregnancies with significant better sensitivity and specificity than the other existing non-invasive methods (biochemical and ultrasonographical). Mainly it is performed by NGS methods in a few commercial labs worldwide. However, it is expected that many other labs will offer analogous services in the future in this fast-growing field with a multiplicity of in-house methods (e.g., epigenetic, etc.). Due to various limitations of the available methods and technologies that are explained in detail in this manuscript, NIPT has not become diagnostic yet and women may still need to undergo risky invasive procedures to verify a positive finding or to secure (or even expand) a negative one. Efforts have already started to make the NIPT technologies more accurate (even at the level of a complete fetal genome) and cheaper and thus more affordable, in order to become diagnostic screening tests for all pregnancies in the near future.
The Influence of a Ventilation on the Level of Carbon Dioxide in a Classroom at a Higher University / Wpływ Wentylacji Na Poziom Ditlenku Węgla W Pomieszczeniu Uczelni Wyższej
Authors: Cichowicz Robert , Sabiniak Henryk , Wielgosińsk Grzegorz
Published: April 2015

Carbon dioxide can affect on human mood and working conditions in closed area. Knowledge about the level of air pollutants concentration in the room, should be a guideline to design a properly working ventilation system. For years carbon dioxide, appearing during human breathing, was not taken into consideration as a factor determining the process of ventilation systems design. At present the assessment of air quality in closed rooms is performed on the basis of measurement of concentration of carbon dioxide metabolically produced by humans that can be referred to the so-called hygienic minimum, eg the upper limit of CO2 concentration equal to 1000 ppm (0.1%).
The Development of Freshwater Deltas and their Environmental and Economic Significance / Rozwój I Znaczenie Środowiskowo-Użytkowe Delt W Zbiornikach Śródlądowych
Authors: Rzętała Martyna A. , Jaguś Andrzej , Machowski Robert , Rzętała Mariusz
Published: April 2015

The article presents the results of studies concerning the delta forms that arise as a result of the sedimentation of the debris fed to water bodies by watercourses. The study covered several dozen anthropogenic water bodies in the Upper Silesia region, which is well known for its high degree of urbanisation and industrialisation. Basic research work included morphometric measurements of deltas, analyses of the mechanical and chemical composition of delta sediments and analyses of the chemical composition of the common reed growing on the deltas. The research has demonstrated that the deltas exhibit certain characteristics typical of anthropogenic forms that result from the pollutants found in watercourses. In delta sediments, grains of sand usually dominate, but in many cases the share of the < 0.02 mm fraction is as high as ca. 30%. Sediments often contain fine coal and other organic pollutants, which is reflected by high weight loss on ignition. The content of trace elements in delta sediments is usually many times higher than the geochemical background for all types of sedimentary rocks. Deltas are an environment where pollutants accumulate and some of them are assimilated by plants. The content of macro elements in common reed tissues from different deltas does not vary widely while the content of trace elements often results from their content in the sediments. The material that forms deltas can be extracted and in some cases even used as fuel
Abel transforms of convolution operators
Authors: Atlıhan Özlem Girgin , Ünver Mehmet
Published: April 2015

The classical Korovkin approximation theory deals with the convergence of a given sequence

{

L
n

}

${\lbrace L_{n}\rbrace }$

of positive linear operators on
C[a,b]. When the sequence of positive linear operators does not converge to
the identity operator it may be useful to use some
summability methods. In this paper, we study some Korovkin type approximation
theorems for the sequences of convolution operators via the Abel method, which is a
sequence-to-function transformation. We also deal with the rate of Abel convergence.
Modeling of Water Flows around a Circular Cylinder with the SPH Method
Authors: Szmidt Kazimierz , Hedzielski Benedykt
Published: April 2015

The paper describes the SPH modeling of a plane problem of fluid flow around a rigid circular cylinder. In the model considered, the cylinder is placed in a rectangular fluid domain at a certain distance from a horizontal plane boundary, and it is subjected to fluid flow forces. The fluid motion is induced by a piston type generator. The generator - fluid system starts to move from rest at a certain moment of time. The work aims at a discrete description of the fluid flow around the cylinder and, at the same time, calculation of the pressure distribution along the circumference of the cylinder and the resultant of the pressure on the cylinder. In order to solve the initial value problem considered, a new SPH formulation of boundary conditions on the cylinder surface is proposed which match the physical condition for the fluid velocity at this boundary. For a viscous fluid, an approximate description of the stress tensor is formulated which allows to reduce the differentiation of field functions to the first order in calculating the shear forces in the SPH approach.
Philometroides khalili n. sp., a new philometrid nematode (Philometridae) from the operculum of the cyprinid fish Labeo rosae in Zimbabwe
Authors: Moravec F. , Halajian A. , Tavakol S. , Nyagura I. , Luus-Powell W. J.
Published: April 2015

A new nematode species, Philometroides khalili n. sp. (Philometridae), is described from female specimens recovered from the operculum of the freshwater cyprinid fish Labeo rosae Steindachner (Cyprinidae, Cypriniformes) caught in the Bubi River, Zimbabwe. Based on light and scanning electron microscopical examination, the new species mainly differs from the only other African congeneric species P. africanus Moravec et Van As, 2001 in the body shape (filiform), length of gravid female (56 - 71 mm), in possessing a large oesophageal gland with a conspicuously large cell nucleus and in the shape (transversely oval), size (up to 33 - 36 μm high) and distribution of cuticular bosses. From other congeners it differs by a combination of morphological and biometrical features
Clinical and etiological study of a small familiar outbreak of trichinellosis in Tibet, China
Authors: Wang Z. Q. , Ciren  , Ren H. J. , Li L. Z. , Cui J.
Published: April 2015

The diagnosis of trichinellosis is rather difficult because fever, myalgia and eosinophilia are nonspecific, and diagnosis may be delayed. We describe a small familiar outbreak of trichinellosis occurred in early 2009 in Tibet, southwestern China, due to consumption of raw pork. The patients with trichinellosis were diagnosed by muscle biopsy and serological tests (ELISA and IFA) early at 12 days after onset of disease. Both of the pre-encapsulated and encapsulated Trichinella larvae collected from biopsy muscles and residual pork were identified as Trichinella spiralis by multiplex PCR. This is the first species identification of Trichinella isolates from the biopsy muscles of patients with trichinellosis in China.
Helminth fauna and zoonotic potential of the European hamster Cricetus cricetus Linnaeus, 1758 in agrobiocoenoses from Vojvodina province (Serbia)
Authors: Bjelić-Čabrilo O. , Novakov N. , Ćirković M. , Čabrilo B. , Popović E. , Lujić J.
Published: April 2015

A total of 359 European hamsters (Cricetus cricetus) captured at four localities in Vojvodina Province were examined for the presence of helminths. The majority of the captured animals (88 %) were infected with nematode species Heligmosomoides travassosi and six species of cestodes (Hymenolepis diminuta, Rodentolepis fraterna, R. straminea, Paranoplocephala omphalodes and Mesocestoides sp. - in larval stages). Nematodes were the dominant group. The dominant cestode species was H. diminuta. All of the tapeworm species reported here represent new findings for the European hamster in Serbia. The tapeworms H. diminuta and Mesocestoides sp. are capable of infecting humans and causing pathological symptoms, making the hamster a carrier of zoonoses and a potential threat to public health. In order to uncover the full range of helminths utilizing the European hamster as a host in Serbia and understanding the scope of its zoonotic potential, further research on the subject must be carried out.
Three new host species of Plagiorchis micracanthos (Macy, 1931) (Trematodes: Plagorchiidae) among North American bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Heddergott M. , Steinbach P.
Published: April 2015

We report new records of the trematode, Plagiorchis micracanthos from three North American bats. For the first time, the parasite is reported to occur in the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), California myotis (Myotis californicus) and the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus). The western small-footed bat (Myotis ciliolabrum), little brown bat (M. lucifugus) and the western pipistrelle (Parastellus hesperus) are confirmed as host species. The trematodes were isolated from the small intestines of the host individuals. For the first time, we identified P. micracanthos in bats originating from Canada and Mexico. The results presented here suggest that the trematode P. micracanthos has a much larger host range and geographic distribution than previously recognised. It is likely that further studies will confirm this results and extent both host and geographic ranges even further.
If I Had Have Been… On the Web
Authors: Cehan Nadina , Cehan Anca
Published: April 2015

The paper looks at the nonstandard, so called ‘plupluperfect’, construction If [Subject] had have [past particple]. Based on inquiries in WebCorp and the BNC and COCA, the paper shows the relative incidence of this construction in the available corpora. The investigation concludes that the construction is more likely to be found in Internet texts and communications. This prompts a brief discussion on the general nature of Internet language and its main characteristics. Moreover, taking into consideration the morpho-syntactic make-up of the construction, certain theories about its occurrence are presented. It is also noted that the construction is by no means new, having been attested centuries ago. Thus, the paper tries to tie in history with present-day trends in language and linguistics.
Heart of Darkness – Heart of Redness: Heartache and Pain in two Commonwealth Novels
Authors: Ştefan Ana-Maria
Published: April 2015

Our study is conceived as a comparative analysis of Zakes Mda’s postcolonial and postmodern novel The Heart of Redness and Joseph Conrad’s canonical and colonial novella Heart of Darkness, from the viewpoint of a literarily encoded anthropology of the body. In both texts, body marks and body pain are prominent and recurrent motives, carrying along important cultural meanings, related to several classic themes of colonial and postcolonial literature: the birth and becoming of cultural identity and awareness, culture shock, cultural contacts, enculturation versus deculturation, and cultural memory, as a vehicle and repository of myths, history and (body) image stereotypes.
The Lecturer Coach
Authors: Catteeuw Paul
Published: April 2015

Teaching has experienced dramatic changes in the last few decades. From ex cathedra lectures to the use of social media in a classroom is a giant leap for both lecturer and students. Paul Catteeuw, lecturer of intercultural communication at Charlemagne University College in Antwerp (Belgium), has explored the boundaries of the newest methods in competence teaching, but did not forget the knowledge component of the tuition process. As he developed a framework of intercultural competence for business students, he rethought his role as a lecturer. He moved from the central omniscient rostrum position to a place at the side of the classroom as a facilitator, coaching students in a new creative learning environment making use of activating learning forms such as zoom sessions, teamwork and many others. At the same time he introduced different forms of assessment. In this article Catteeuw describes the intensive, sometimes laborious process of the lecturer coach.
English Language Teacher Education: Notes on The Past And Future
Authors: Cook Guy
Published: April 2015

The first part of this paper considers approaches to teacher education for EFL developed during the 1960s-1990s, drawing upon two sources: the taxonomy of three approaches proposed by Wallace (1991) and personal reminiscence. It discusses each of Wallace's approaches in turn: craft, 'applied science', and reflective practice.The second part considers whether these approaches are adequate models for teacher education now. I suggest that while they are still relevant, they are also too inward looking for contemporary needs.They need to be supplemented with a more outward looking approach, in which teachers are prepared to engage with four aspects of the contemporary context: new communication technologies, the new global linguistic landscape, the relationship between English and learners' own languages, and the rival political views of English language learning as promoting either a global neoliberal agenda or a global civil society.
The Circulation of Shakespeare Adaptations in Eastern Europe
Authors: Nicolaescu Mădălina
Published: April 2015

The paper discusses the stage adaptations of Shakespeare's Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet that were circulated in the German Länders and the Habsburg Empire in the late 18th and early 19th century. The various forms of re-writing Shakespeare are linked with processes re-contextualizing the text and are discussed as forms of localizing a transnational Shakespeare. The analysis zooms in on the contexts of performance of the German adaptations in two Transylvanian cities. The paper highlights the cultural and linguistic negotiations performed when further translating the already multilayered rewritings of the Shakespearean text and focuses on a Romanian translation of a German adaptation of Hamlet.
Peake House
Authors: Peake Mervyn
Published: April 2015

Three previously unpublished illustrations by Mervyn Peake for Bleak House by Charles Dickens.
Lagrangian simulation and analysis of the power-law fluid mixing in the two-blade circular mixers using a modified WCSPH method
Authors: Shamsoddini Rahim , Sefid Mohammad
Published: April 2015

In the present study, we introduce a robust modified Weakly Compressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (WCSPH) method in order to examine miscible mixing within a two-blade paddle mixer. Since it has a Lagrangian nature and it is based on particles, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is an appropriate and convenient method for simulating the moving boundary problems and tracking the particles in the mixing process. The present study thus introduces a convenient SPH method for modelling the mixing process for the power-law fluids. Two geometries for the mixer are examined and the effects of the power-law index on the fluid mixing are investigated. The results show that the geometric change from circular chamber to twin chamber considerably increases the mixing rate (by at least 49%). The results also indicate that the twin chamber mixer is more efficient for the fluids with higher power-law index.
Contestable motives of reporting sexual assault based on research conducted in the region of Silesia
Authors: Lach Bogdan
Published: April 2015

Contestable motives of filing reports comprise a set of factors which were not present in the origin of the reported criminal act, as stated by the reporting individual. The objective of such reports is to create circumstances which would lead to the either an imaginary or implicated perpetrator being brought to criminal justice. These types of reports generate a number of doubts and investigative problems. Recently, in the light of newly introduced legislative changes into the methods of investigative procedures in relation to sexual assault (at present these are investigated as an indictable offence - prosecuted ex-officio), this issue has become much more significant. The following publication includes a detailed description of the legal and psychological situation of an individual who has been classified as a victim in a case of sexual assault. The article includes an analysis of statistical data encompassing the period after the introduction of the aforementioned legislative changes in the type of investigative procedures as well as a qualitative analysis of the major factors influencing the process of filing contestable reports of such crimes. The research has been conducted on the basis of analysing a total of 50 cases. It is the opinion of the author that an expert court psychologist, whose presence is mandatory in these types of cases and whose opinion formulated in the course of preparatory proceedings ought to play a key role in the disclosure of false pretences accompanying such reports
Context-dependent effect of mood: the regulatory role of personality
Authors: Zajusz-Gawędzka Dominika , Marszał-Wiśniewska Magdalena
Published: April 2015

This study explored the influence of the context-dependent effect of mood as well as individual differences in neuroticism and action vs. state/volatility orientation on predecisional processing in a multiattribute choice task. One hundred and twenty participants acquired information about choice options after filling out personality questionnaires. Results showed that participants in a positive mood processed the information longer in enjoy than in done-enough context. In turn, participants in a negative mood processed the information more selectively in enjoy than in done-enough context. It also appeared that this effect is reinforced for participants with low neuroticism and volatility orientation, while it is weakened for those with low neuroticism and action orientation. Results were interpreted in accordance with the differential-processual approach.
QuEst for High Quality Machine Translation
Authors: Biçici Ergun , Specia Lucia
Published: April 2015

In this paper we describe the use of QuEst, a framework that aims to obtain predictions on the quality of translations, to improve the performance of machine translation (MT) systems without changing their internal functioning. We apply QuEst to experiments with:

i. multiple system translation ranking, where translations produced by different MT systems are ranked according to their estimated quality, leading to gains of up to 2:72 BLEU, 3:66 BLEUs, and 2:17 F1 points;

ii. n-best list re-ranking, where n-best list translations produced by an MT system are reranked based on predicted quality scores to get the best translation ranked top, which lead to improvements on sentence NIST score by 0:41 points;

iii. n-best list combination, where segments from an n-best list are combined using a latticebased re-scoring approach that minimize word error, obtaining gains of 0:28 BLEU points; and

iv. the ITERPE strategy, which attempts to identify translation errors regardless of prediction errors (ITERPE) and build sentence-specific SMT systems (SSSS) on the ITERPE sorted instances identified as having more potential for improvement, achieving gains of up to 1:43 BLEU, 0:54 F1, 2:9 NIST, 0:64 sentence BLEU, and 4:7 sentence NIST points in English to German over the top 100 ITERPE sorted instances.
Exact Expected Average Precision of the Random Baseline for System Evaluation
Authors: Bestgen Yves
Published: April 2015

Average precision (AP) is one of the most widely used metrics in information retrieval and natural language processing research. It is usually thought that the expected AP of a system that ranks documents randomly is equal to the proportion of relevant documents in the collection. This paper shows that this value is only approximate, and provides a procedure for efficiently computing the exact value. An analysis of the difference between the approximate and the exact value shows that the discrepancy is large when the collection contains few documents, but becomes very small when it contains at least 600 documents.
Heat Fluxes and River Energy Budget on the Example of Lowland Świder River
Authors: Łaszewski Maksym
Published: April 2015

The paper present the energy budget of the downstream part of lowland Świder River, right tributary of the Vistula River in Mazovian Lowland, Poland. Heat fluxes were calculated on the example of four days, representing different meteorological and vegetative conditions. Results confirmed the dominant role of radiation, which accounted for an average of 90.7% and 79.7% gains and losses of thermal energy. Participation of non-radiative components proved to be far less crucial; the average contribution of condensation, sensible heat transfer, bed conduction and friction in energy gains accounted respectively to 0.0%, 0.6%, 2.9% and 5.9%, while the average contribution of evaporation, sensible heat transfer and bed conduction in energy losses reached respectively 4.5%, 1.1% and 14.6%. The results showed significant effect of riparian vegetation and cloud cover on river heat fluxes
Hydrogeochemical and Biogeochemical Processes in Kaffiøyra River Catchments (Spitsbergen, Norway)
Authors: Borysiak Janina , Grześ Marek , Pulina Marian , Szpikowska Grażyna
Published: April 2015

The paper presents the results of hydrogeochemical and biogeochemical studies in the area of Kaffiøyra river catchments in the ablation season 2004. Vegetation, hydrological regime, mineralization and ionic composition of circulating waters, rate of annual chemical denudation and biogenic CO2 content in soil air in relation to the concentration of dissolved and transported HCO3 - ions were documented. The waters represented the type HCO3 - - SO4
2- - Ca2+ - Mg2+. Most of ions showed a good correlation with electrical conductivity. A good correlation between dissolved and transported mass and the discharge was shown. The value of the chemical denudation in non-glacierized catchments of the Kaffiøyra plain was 0.07 and 0.13 t km-2 d-1, in glacierized catchment - 0,21 t km-2 d-1. The biogenic CO2 concentrations in tundra soil air ranged from 0.03-0.08%, while the average was 0.046%. The mean rate of CO2 ionic transport was 3 kg d-1, while of HCO3 - - 0.63 t d-1. A low correlation between the concentration of biogenic CO2 in soil air and HCO3 - was found, which indicates the involvement of other, unexamined bio- and physico-chemical processes.
A survey on cationic polyelectrolytes and their applications: acrylamide derivatives
Authors: Rabiee Ahmad , Ershad-Langroudi Amir , Zeynali Mohammad Ebrahim
Published: April 2015

Cationic polyelectrolytes are water-soluble polymers bearing positive ionic groups along the backbone or in side chains. These cationic polymers are synthesized by free radical polymerization of acrylamide and their derivatives by the copolymerization method, which includes solution, precipitation, and emulsion techniques. The Mannich reaction is another important method by which the cationic polymers can be processed. In this review paper, the preparation methods, interaction mechanisms of these polymers, and their popular industrial applications are summarized. These polymers open a lot of applications in different fields such as paper-making processes, water and wastewater treatment, oil and drilling industries, mineral separation, paint and food industries, cosmetics, and pharmacy. In addition, these polymers are widely used as flocculants and rheology control agents. These polymers are especially employed in oil field operations as viscosity control agents for enhanced oil recovery, drilling fluid additives, and also for modifying flow and stability properties of aqueous solutions and gels. They are used as super-plasticizers, which affect the rheological properties of dense cement suspensions. Mining processes also benefit from the use of acrylamide derivative polymers to flocculate solids in aqueous dispersions. The cationic polymers may interact with different components in the system such as inorganic/organic particles in aqueous dispersions in several ways, which may result in the stability or instability of dispersion. The particles can be destabilized through three different main mechanisms which promote flocculation: polymer bridging, charge neutralization, and polymer adsorption.
The Role of Ferry and Ro-Ro Shipping in Sustainable Development of Transport
Authors: Kotowska Izabela
Published: April 2015

As far as sustainable transport development is concerned, transfer of cargo from road transport to short sea shipping, which, according to the common opinion, generates lower external costs, is one of the objectives of the European Union policy. However, the latest research results indicate that some Ro-Ro vessels and ferries generate higher external costs than road transport. In light of this, benefits resulting from transferring the cargo from road to sea seem to be questionable. The main aim of the article is answering the question whether, and if so, how ferry and Ro-Ro shipping contributes to development of sustainable transport? In order to answer this question, an analysis of ferry and Ro-Ro shipping lines functioning in European transport system has been conducted.

The article presents research results based on an analysis of approx. 900 ferry and Ro-Ro shipping lines considering the length and time of voyage compared to alternative road transport. Usually, the course of sea shipping route does not cover the route of the road transport, and therefore the lengths of both routes frequently considerably differ, which significantly affects the total external costs generated by them. On the basis of the analysis, the shipping lines have been classified according to the criterion of their substitutability to road transport and their role in sustainable transport development.
Temporal Integration of Auditory Information Is Invariant to Temporal Grouping Cues
Authors: Liu Andrew S.K. , Tsunada Joji , Gold Joshua I. , Cohen Yale E.
Published: April 2015

Auditory perception depends on the temporal structure of incoming acoustic stimuli. Here, we examined whether a temporal manipulation that affects the perceptual grouping also affects the time dependence of decisions regarding those stimuli. We designed a novel discrimination task that required human listeners to decide whether a sequence of tone bursts was increasing or decreasing in frequency. We manipulated temporal perceptual-grouping cues by changing the time interval between the tone bursts, which led to listeners hearing the sequences as a single sound for short intervals or discrete sounds for longer intervals. Despite these strong perceptual differences, this manipulation did not affect the efficiency of how auditory information was integrated over time to form a decision. Instead, the grouping manipulation affected subjects’ speed−accuracy trade-offs. These results indicate that the temporal dynamics of evidence accumulation for auditory perceptual decisions can be invariant to manipulations that affect the perceptual grouping of the evidence.
Extension of the known geographic distribution of Lampronycteris brachyotis (Dobson, 1879) (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae): first records from the Cerrado of the Brazilian Midwest, in the state of Mato Grosso
Authors: Oliveira Sérgio Lopes de , Faria Karina De Cassia
Published: April 2015

Lampronycteris brachyotis is known to occur at 12 localities in 11 Brazilian states, encompassing the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes. Here, we report the capture of two specimens in gallery forests within the Cerrado of the state of Mato Grosso. These records expand the known range of L. brachyotis into the Brazilian Midwest.