bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A deep learning-based framework for automatic analysis of the nanoparticle morphology in SEM/TEM images
Authors: Sun Zhijian , Shi Jia , Wang Jian , Jiang Mingqi , Wang Zhuo , Bai Xiaoping , Wang Xiaoxiong
Published: June 2022

A novel and smart three-stage framework having a powerful and light-weight NSNet to conduct high-throughput online real-time analysis of the nanoparticle morphology in complex SEM/TEM images.
Polymers with multiple functions: α,ω-macromolecular photoinitiators/chain transfer agents used in aqueous photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly
Authors: Jia Shuai , Zhang Li , Chen Ying , Tan Jianbo
Published: June 2022

A series of α,ω-functionalized polymers with a photoinitiator end group and a RAFT end group were synthesized and employed as macromolecular photoinitiators/chain transfer agents in aqueous photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly.
[Pt1Ag37(SAdm)21(Dppp)3Cl6]2+: intercluster transformation and photochemical properties
Authors: Zhen Yaru , Jin Shan , Kang Xi , Xu Chang , Fang Cao , Hu Daqiao , Zhu Manzhou
Published: June 2022

A novel [Pt1Ag37(SAdm)21(Dppp)3Cl6]2+ nanocluster is reported, and the reaction with PPh3 triggers an intercluster transformation into [Pt1Ag28(SAdm)18(PPh3)4]2+. Using chiral Bdpp, the enantiomeric Pt1Ag37(SAdm)21(R/S-Bdpp)3Cl6 can be prepared.
Potential transition and post-transition metal sulfides as efficient electrodes for energy storage applications: review
Authors: Kajana Thirunavukarasu , Pirashanthan Arumugam , Velauthapillai Dhayalan , Yuvapragasam Akila , Yohi Shivatharsiny , Ravirajan Punniamoorthy , Senthilnanthanan Meena
Published: June 2022

Electrochemical energy storage has attracted much attention due to the common recognition of sustainable energy development.
Aramid-wrapped CNT hybrid sol–gel sorbent for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Alhendal Abdullah , Almoaeen Randa Abd , Rashad Mohamed , Husain Ali , Mouffouk Fouzi , Ahmad Zahoor
Published: June 2022

This work describes the preparation of an analytical microextraction sorbent using a simple and versatile sol–gel hybrid composite, i.e., aramid oligomers wrapping multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) covalently bonded to a porous silica network.
A two-photon lysosome-targeted probe for endogenous formaldehyde in living cells
Authors: Cao Ting , Ma Hong
Published: June 2022

A turn-on two-photon lysosome-targeted probe based on the ICT mechanism has been synthesized and was successfully used not only to monitor and image formaldehyde exogenously but also endogenously with excellent performance in living cells.
Crack patterns of drying dense bacterial suspensions
Authors: Ma Xiaolei , Liu Zhengyang , Zeng Wei , Lin Tianyi , Tian Xin , Cheng Xiang
Published: June 2022

We explored mechanical instabilities developed during the drying of dense suspensions of bacteria with distinct motile behaviors, which is an ubiquitous process in natural and engineering settings.
Self-sustained three-dimensional beating of a model eukaryotic flagellum
Authors: Rallabandi Bhargav , Wang Qixuan , Potomkin Mykhailo
Published: June 2022

We develop a three-dimensional flagellum beating model based on sliding-controlled motor feedback accounting for bending and twist, and find a rich variety of beating patterns.
Introducing porosity into metal–organic framework glasses
Authors: McHugh Lauren N. , Bennett Thomas D.
Published: June 2022

Here we document the reduction in porosity observed in MOFs upon their glass formation, propose routes to improve this porosity, and speculate on prospective future adsorptive applications.
In situ grown MOFs and PVDF-HFP co-modified aramid gel nanofiber separator for high-safety lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Liu Jianwei , Wang Jianan , Zhu Lei , Chen Xin , Yi Gong , Ma Qianyue , Sun Shiyi , Wang Ning , Cui Xiangming , Chai Qinqin , Feng Jiangtao , Yan Wei
Published: June 2022

Safety-related issues have always been one of the most critical barriers hindering the large-scale popularization of high-energy-density storage systems.
Electron-redistributed Ni–Co oxide nanoarrays as an ORR/OER bifunctional catalyst for low overpotential and long lifespan Li–O2 batteries
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Cai Jinyan , Wan Hao , Cai Wenlong , Zhu Zixuan , Wang Chengming , Zhou Tiansheng , Hou Zhiguo , Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai
Published: June 2022

N-doped NiCoO2/CoO nanoarrays with an optimized electronic structure facilitate the formation/decomposition of flake-like amorphous Li2O2 synergistically in lithium–oxygen batteries.
A ratiometric pH probe for acidification tracking in dysfunctional mitochondria and tumour tissuein vivo
Authors: Zhang Yuming , Chen Yuncong , Fang Hongbao , Wang Yanjun , Li Shumeng , Yuan Hao , Yao Shankun , Qin Shuheng , He Weijiang , Guo Zijian
Published: June 2022

With an ideal pKa(7.4) for mitochondrial pH monitoring, CouDa could immobilize in mitochondria independent of MMP. Acidification tracking was realized in dysfunctional mitochondria and tumour tissue.
Tunable construction of electrochemical sensors for chlorophenol detection
Authors: Tian Qingyun , Chen Shuai , Yu Jiarui , Zhang Miao , Gao Nan , Yang Xiaomei , Wang Chuanyi , Duan Xuemin , Zang Ling
Published: June 2022

Construction of working electrodes relying on active materials for electrochemical chlorophenol sensors.
Getting the details right: optical, dielectric, and vibrational outcomes of structural phase transition in one-dimensional pyrrolidinium lead iodide and the role of defects
Authors: Fedoruk Katarzyna , Zelewski Szymon J. , Zaręba Jan K. , Ptak Maciej , Mączka Mirosław , Sieradzki Adam
Published: June 2022

Herein, we report the synthesis, dielectric and Raman spectroscopy, calorimetric properties, and linear and nonlinear optical behavior of a one-dimensional hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite with the pyrrolidinium cation (C4H8NH2PbI3, PyrPbI3).
Tumour invasion and dissemination
Authors: Lusby Ryan , Dunne Philip , Tiwari Vijay K.
Published: June 2022

Activating invasion and metastasis are one of the primary hallmarks of cancer, the latter representing the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Whilst many advances in this area have been made in recent years, the process of cancer dissemination and the underlying mechanisms governing invasion are still poorly understood. Cancer cells exhibit multiple invasion strategies, including switching between modes of invasion and plasticity in response to therapies, surgical interventions and environmental stimuli. The ability of cancer cells to switch migratory modes and their inherent plasticity highlights the critical challenge preventing the successful design of cancer and anti-metastatic therapies. This mini-review presents current knowledge on the critical models of tumour invasion and dissemination. We also discuss the current issues surrounding current treatments and arising therapeutic opportunities. We propose that the establishment of novel approaches to study the key biological mechanisms underlying the metastatic cascade is critical in finding novel targets that could ultimately lead to complete inhibition of cancer cell invasion and dissemination.
Demonstration of a general fault‐tolerant quantum error detection code for (2n + 1)‐qubit entangled state on IBM 16‐qubit quantum computer
Authors: Singh Ranveer Kumar , Panda Bishvanwesha , Behera Bikash K. , Panigrahi Prasanta K.
Published: June 2022

Quantum error detection has always been a fundamental challenge in a fault‐tolerant quantum computer. Hence, it is of immense importance to detect and deal with arbitrary errors to efficiently perform quantum computation. Several error detection codes have been proposed and realised for lower number of qubit systems. Here we present an error detection code for a (2n + 1)‐qubit entangled state using two syndrome qubits and simulate it on International Business Machines 16‐qubit quantum computer for a 13‐qubit entangled system. The code is able to detect an arbitrary quantum error in any one of the first 2n qubits of the (2n + 1)‐qubit entangled state and detects any bit‐flip error on the last qubit of the (2n + 1)‐qubit entangled state via measurements on a pair of ancillary error syndrome qubits. The protocol presented here paves the way for designing error detection codes for the general higher number of entangled qubit systems.
Energy management scheme of single‐phase electric energy router with two‐layer intelligent control combined with optimal scheduling of battery
Authors: Zhao Guopeng , Li Zheng , Zha Pengfei , Liu Jiaxing , Jiang Chao
Published: June 2022

As a key equipment in energy internet, the Electric Energy Router (EER) which takes the converter as the core device solved the problems of power diversity and multi‐directional flow of power. This paper designs a household single‐phase electric energy router (SPEER), and proposes an energy management scheme with two‐layer intelligent control combined with optimal scheduling of battery under isolated grid and grid‐connected conditions. The upper instruction layer mainly uses holistic intelligent decision‐making and the lower execution layer controls each converter to complete the energy management of the entire system according to the upper instructions. In the isolated grid, The SPEER operates in three modes based on AC/DC distributed generation, AC/DC load and energy storage status to maintain the stability of the system. When connected to the grid, according to the actual situation of a certain place and the peak‐valley price policy, the charging/discharging time and power flow direction of the battery can be optimized, which can improve the operating economy. Finally, the correctness of the proposed energy management scheme was verified through experiments.
A joint model and data driven track segment association algorithm for manoeuvring target tracking
Authors: Guo Yunfei , Zhu Junjie , Zhou Shuo , Yin Tianxiang
Published: June 2022

In the field of manoeuvring target tracking, track breakage is a common issue due to strong manoeuvrability, missed detection, large measurement error, and long sampling interval, etc. In order to improve the track continuity of manoeuvring targets, a joint model and data‐driven track segment association (JMDD‐TSA) algorithm is proposed. First, the interacting multiple model (IMM) smoother is invoked to pre‐process the track segments to obtain a smoothed state sequence. And the mode switching time (MST) is estimated by the IMM when a motion mode changing occurs in a track segment. Second, the estimated MST is used to select the partial smoothed states as the training data and the local Gaussian process (LGP) is proposed to predict and backtrack the track segments. Finally, a two‐step association strategy is designed to assign and mend the candidate track segment pairs. Compared with the model‐driven TSA and the data‐driven TSA, the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the average track life and tracking accuracy of strong manoeuvring targets.
Automatic power factor correction based on Pearson similarity for distribution networks
Authors: Mahmoud R. A.
Published: June 2022

In this paper, an online algorithm of automatic power factor correction (APFC) for distribution power grids is presented. The algorithm depends on Pearson similarity of voltage and current signals, which can easily be measured locally using voltage and current transformers, respectively. The proposed method not only evaluates the original power factor (PF), but also functions the APFC more quickly. In this work, the compensation index and reactive power compensation can be identified using new mathematical formulas based on the cross‐correlation coefficients calculated between the phase voltage and current signals. Moreover, the coefficients are useful for detecting any abnormal condition. The method performance is examined on a large‐scale network with real parameters’ data, which is simulated using the alternative transient program (ATP) environment, and the proposed algorithm is developed in MATLAB package. Numerous simulation results confirm the APFC relay feasibility, and the unity PF can be achieved. Besides, the proposed algorithm is characterized by its high operating speed, safety and accuracy for PF compensation, where its performance accuracy is greater than 99.7%. The approach offers novel operating/tripping curves based on the correlation coefficients for both power factor correction (PFC) and protection functions. Therefore, it is described with high level of functionality integration, and its security and sensitivity are controllable easily using the correlation settings.
Gas distribution from clusters to filaments in IllustrisTNG
Authors: Gouin C. , Gallo S. , Aghanim N.
Published: June 2022

Matter distribution in the environment of galaxy clusters, from their cores to their connected cosmic filaments, must in principle be related to the underlying cluster physics and its evolutionary state. We aim to investigate how radial and azimuthal distribution of gas is affected by cluster environments and how it can be related to cluster-mass assembly history. We first analysed the radial physical properties of gas (velocity, temperature, and density) around 415 galaxy cluster environments from IllustrisTNG simulations atz = 0 (TNG300-1). Whereas hot plasma is virialised inside clusters (<R200), the dynamics of a warm, hot, intergalactic medium (WHIM) can be separated in two regimes: accumulating and slowly infalling gas at cluster peripheries (∼R200) and fast infalling motions outside clusters (> 1.5 R200). The azimuthal distribution of dark matter (DM), hot, and warm gas phases is secondly statistically probed by decomposing their 2D distribution in harmonic space. Inside clusters, the azimuthal symmetries of DM and hot gas trace cluster structural properties well. These include their centre offsets, substructure fractions, and elliptical shapes. Beyond cluster-virialised regions, we find that WHIM gas follows the azimuthal distribution of DM, thus tracing cosmic filament patterns. Azimuthal symmetries of hot and warm gas distribution are finally shown to be imprints of cluster mass assembly history, strongly correlated with the formation time, mass accretion rate, and dynamical state of clusters. The azimuthal mode decomposition of 2D gas distribution is a promising probe to assess the 3D physical and dynamical cluster properties up to their connected cosmic filaments.
Energetic nuclear transients in luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies
Authors: Reynolds T. M. , Mattila S. , Efstathiou A. , Kankare E. , Kool E. , Ryder S. , Peña-Moñino L. , Pérez-Torres M. A.
Published: June 2022

Energetic nuclear outbursts have been discovered in luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) at unexpectedly high rates. To investigate this population of transients, we performed a search in mid-IR data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) satellite and its NEOWISE survey to detect and characterise luminous and smoothly evolving transients in a sample of 215 U/LIRGs. We report three new transients, all with ΔL >  1043 erg s−1, in addition to two previously known cases. Their host galaxies are all part of major galaxy mergers, and through radiative transfer model fitting we find that all have a significant contribution from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). We characterised the transients through measurements of their luminosities and resulting energetics, all of which are between 1050.9 erg and 1052.2 erg. The IR emission of the five transients was found to be consistent with re-radiation by the hot dust of emission at shorter wavelengths, presumably originating from an accretion event, onto the supermassive black hole. The corresponding transient rate of (1.6–4.6) × 10−3 yr−1 galaxy−1 is over an order of magnitude higher than the rate of large amplitude flares shown by AGN in the optical. We suggest that the observed transients are part of a dust-obscured population of tidal disruption events (TDEs) that have remained out of the reach of optical surveys due to the obscuring dust. In one case, this is supported by our radio observations. We also discuss other plausible explanations. The observed rate of events is significantly higher than optical TDE rates, which can be expected in U/LIRG hosts undergoing a major galaxy merger with increased stellar densities in the nuclear regions. Continued searches for such transients and their multi-wavelength follow-up is required to constrain their rate and nature.
An X-ray fading, UV brightening QSO at z ≈ 6
Authors: Vito F. , Mignoli M. , Gilli R. , Brandt W. N. , Shemmer O. , Bauer F. E. , Bisogni S. , Luo B. , Marchesi S. , Nanni R. , Zamorani G. , Comastri A. , Cusano F. , Gallerani S. , Vignali C. , Lanzuisi G.
Published: June 2022

Explaining the existence of super massive black holes (SMBHs) with MBH ≳ 108 M⊙ at z ≳ 6 is a persistent challenge to modern astrophysics. Multiwavelength observations of z ≳ 6 quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) reveal that, on average, their accretion physics is similar to that of their counterparts at lower redshift. However, QSOs showing properties that deviate from the general behavior can provide useful insights into the physical processes responsible for the rapid growth of SMBHs in the early universe. We present X-ray (XMM-Newton, 100 ks) follow-up observations of a z ≈ 6 QSO, J1641+3755, which was found to be remarkably X-ray bright in a 2018 Chandra dataset. J1641+3755 is not detected in the 2021 XMM-Newton observation, implying that its X-ray flux decreased by a factor ≳7 on a notably short timescale (i.e., ≈115 rest-frame days), making it the z > 4 QSO with the largest variability amplitude. We also obtained rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopic and photometric data with the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Surprisingly, comparing our LBT photometry with archival data, we found that J1641+3755 became consistently brighter in the rest-frame UV band from 2003 to 2016, while no strong variation occurred from 2016 to 2021. Its rest-frame UV spectrum is consistent with the average spectrum of high-redshift QSOs. Multiple narrow absorption features are present, and several of them can be associated with an intervening system at z = 5.67. Several physical causes can explain the variability properties of J1641+3755, including intrinsic variations of the accretion rate, a small-scale obscuration event, gravitational lensing due to an intervening object, and an unrelated X-ray transient in a foreground galaxy in 2018. Accounting for all of the z > 6 QSOs with multiple X-ray observations separated by more that ten rest-frame days, we found an enhancement of strongly (i.e., by a factor > 3) X-ray variable objects compared to QSOs at later cosmic times. This finding may be related to the physics of fast accretion in high-redshift QSOs.
The halo around HD 32297: μm-sized cometary dust
Authors: Olofsson J. , Thébault P. , Kennedy G. M. , Bayo A.
Published: June 2022

Context. The optical properties of the second generation dust that we observe in debris disks remain quite elusive, whether it is the absorption efficiencies at millimeter wavelengths or the (un)polarized phase function at near-infrared wavelengths. Thankfully, the same particles are experiencing forces that are size dependent (e.g., radiation pressure) and, with high angular resolution observations, we can take advantage of this natural spatial segregation.

Aims. Observations at different wavelengths probe different ranges of sizes; millimeter observations trace the larger grains, while near-infrared observations are sensitive to the other extreme of the size distribution. Consequently, there is a great synergy in combining both observational techniques to better constrain the optical properties of the particles.

Methods. We present a new approach to simultaneously model observations from“Spectro-Polarimetric High Contrast Exoplanet REsearch” (SPHERE) and the“Atacama Large Millimeter Array” (ALMA) and apply it to the debris disk around HD 32297, putting the emphasis on the spatial distribution of the grains with different β values. This modeling approach requires few assumptions on the actual sizes of the particles and the interpretation can therefore be done a posteriori.

Results. We find that the ALMA observations are best reproduced with a combination of small and large β values (0.03 and 0.42) while the SPHERE observations require several intervals of β values. We discuss the nature of the halo previously reported in ALMA observations, and hypothesize it could be caused by over-abundant μm-sized particles (the over-abundance being the consequence of their extended lifetime). We modeled the polarized phase function at near-infrared wavelengths, and fluffy aggregates larger than a few μm provide the best solution.

Conclusions. Comparing our results with comets of the Solar System, we postulate that the particles released in the disk originate from rather pristine cometary bodies (to avoid compaction of the fluffy aggregates) and they are then set on highly eccentric orbits, which could explain the halo detected at long wavelengths.
COMPTEL data analysis using GammaLib and ctools
Authors: Knödlseder J. , Collmar W. , Jarry M. , McConnell M.
Published: June 2022

More than 20 yr after the end of NASA’s Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory mission, the data collected by its Imaging Compton Telescope (COMPTEL) still provide the most comprehensive and deepest view of our Universe in MeV gamma rays. While most of the COMPTEL data are archived at NASA’s High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), the absence of any publicly available software for their analysis means the data cannot benefit from the scientific advances made in the field of gamma-ray astronomy at higher energies. To make this unique treasure again accessible for science, we developed open source software that enables a comprehensive and modern analysis of the archived COMPTEL telescope data. Our software is based on a dedicated plug-in to the GammaLib library, a community-developed toolbox for the analysis of astronomical gamma-ray data. We implemented high-level scripts for building science analysis workflows in ctools, a community-developed gamma-ray astronomy science analysis software framework. We describe the implementation of our software and provide the underlying algorithms. Using data from the HEASARC archive, we demonstrate that our software reproduces derived data products that were obtained in the past using the proprietary COMPTEL software. We furthermore demonstrate that our software reproduces COMPTEL science results published in the literature. This brings the COMPTEL telescope data back into life, allowing them to benefit from recent advances in gamma-ray astronomy, and gives the community a means to unveil its still hidden treasures.
Transpiration activity of leaves in buckwheat varieties of different breeding periods
Authors: Amelin Alexander , Fesenko Alexey , Zaikin Valery , Chekalin Evgeniy , Ikusov Roman
Published: June 2022

Genotypic aspects of leaf transpiration intensity manifestation in 22 buckwheat varieties from different periods of creation were studied in the field in real time on intact plants. It is shown that their ability to evaporate water has a high hereditary conditionality and plays an important role in increasing photosynthetic activity and crop productivity in the breeding process. Based on this, it is concluded that when creating new varieties, it is very important not only to carry out current control over the state of this process, but also to carry out targeted selection on it, considering photosynthesis activity. In this case, it is necessary to select forms that combine high intensity of leaf photosynthesis with moderate transpiration activity.
Assessment of the collection of sweet potato varieties (IPOMOEA BATATAS L.) in terms of suitability for cultivation and breeding in CRNZ
Authors: Bobkov Vitaly , Voronchikhin Viktor , Polyakova Maria , Meleshin Alexey , Voronchikhina Irina
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of a reconnaissance study of the suitability of sweet potato varieties collection for cultivation and breeding process in the conditions of the Central region of the Non-Chernozem zone. Sweet potato cuttings with 4-5 nodes were planted according to the scheme 70 x 40 cm with subsequent watering. During the growing season, sweet potato was watered as necessary. Each variant was tested in 4-fold repetition, 10 plants per plot. The varieties had a high variability of all economically useful traits within the repetitions. For most varieties, the sum of effective temperatures was not enough to accumulate a sufficient amount of plastic substances in the root tubers. As a result of our research, it was found that sweet potato varieties Vinnitskiy rozoviy and Manchzhurskiy are most suitable for cultivation in the CRNZ. They are characterized by a relatively high yield of commercial root tubers. The remaining varieties (Americanskiy begevy, Boregard, Yaponskiy, Germanskiy belyi and O'Henry) are not suitable for cultivation in this zone. Nevertheless, they are characterized by a high potential for the formation of root bulges, which can be used in sweet potato breeding. The possibility of breeding work with sweet potato in the conditions of the CRNZ is shown. Nevertheless, for successful work in this direction, it is necessary to use a greenhouse.
Assessment of the resistance of raspberry varieties and hybrids to abiotic factors for use in breeding
Authors: Evdokimenko Sergey , Podgaetsky Maxim
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the research was to identify genetic sources of resistance to abiotic environmental factors. The assessment of the raspberry source material was carried out in 2017-2021. The study included 40 varieties and 20 hybrid forms of raspberry. It is established that under simulated conditions, the selected form 1-188-1 has high resistance to temperature -35°C in the middle of winter (II component). Sources of resistance to frost -22oC after the thaw (III component) are varieties Ulybka, Meteor and forms 1-15-1, 1-4-2. The varieties Ivan Kupala, Ulybka and selections 1-188-1, 1-4-2, 6-125-4, 8-10x-1 with freezing up to 1.6-2.1 points were distinguished by the greatest resistance of the buds for the IV component of winter hardiness. The Penguin, Yubileynaya Kulikova varieties and selections 8-189-1, 3-40-14, 44-154-2, 1-180-2 with full ripening of the crop and a relatively short fruiting period (48-55 days) are of interest for further breeding for early ripening of the primocane raspberry. In breeding for high drought and heat resistance, the varieties Gusar, Ulybka, Poklon Kazakovu, Medvezhonok, Gerakl and selected forms 37-143-3, 11-107-1 are promising, combining several indicators of the water regime at the optimal level.
Biometric methods in studying the gene pool Indian pea
Authors: Zaitsev S.A. , Lyovkina A.Yu. , Volkov D.P. , Kameneva O.B. , Bychkova V.V. , Gudova L.A.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of using biometric methods for assessing the gene pool (using the example of the indian pea). The variation of traits of the model population of indian pea, as well as the correlation coefficients and factor loadings on the variables, is considered. The model population includes 25 samples of different ecological and geographical origin. The nursery was founded according to the scheme of a one-factor complex. Statistical indicators of the sample, coefficients of variation of signs were revealed: ˃20% - fat content in seeds, fat gather, fiber gather, 10-20% - height of attachment of the lower bean, number of twigs of the 1st order, number of beans per plant, number of seeds in a bean , number of seeds per plant, seed yield, pod width, gather of protein, ash, BEV per unit area, ˂10% - stem length, weight of 1000 seeds, plant productivity, pod length, content of protein, fiber, ash, BEV in seeds analysis of the experimental data, a matrix of correlation coefficients was calculated, including indicators of vegetative traits and the content of nutrients in the grain. In order to optimize the interpretation of the matrix of correlation coefficients, a factor analysis was performed using the method of principal components. Signs that determine the first, second and third hypothetical factors (stem length, lower bean attachment height, content of protein, fat, fiber, BEV, ash, number of seeds in a bean, weight of 1000 seeds, plant productivity, seed yield, gather per hectare of protein, fiber, ash, BEV, the number of seeds from one plant) determine 63,72% of the accumulated dispersion.
Varieties of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) as donors of large-fruitness in the breeding of Russian plum (Prunus rossica Erem.)
Authors: Eremin G.V. , Dedova A.E.
Published: June 2022

In the North Caucasus region, at the Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station, VIR Branch, as a result of breeding varieties of Russian plum (P. rossica Erem.) with varieties of Japanese plums (Angeleno, Larry Ann, Black Amber, Constanza), large-fruited elite hybrids with commodity-consumer qualities of fruits were obtained. A genealogical analysis of the varieties used in breeding with large-fruiting trait as donors of this trait was carried out.
Technology of accelerated breeding of new garden plum varieties (Prunus domestica L.)
Authors: Eremin G.V. , Tikhonova A.V , Gorelikova O.A.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the results of the technology of accelerated breeding of new garden plum varieties by grafting on dwarf rootstock BBA 1, which reduce the time of breeding and primary evaluation of varieties to 10 years. For stone crops, the staff of the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch branch offers a technology that allows to improve the methods of evaluating hybrid seedlings in the process of their growing in a breeding garden using intensification elements. The paper also shows the results of the source material evaluation – isolated hybrid forms of garden plum obtained at the station from directed crosses using parental forms combining in their genotype a number of positive traits: early maturity, large-fruitness, high yield and fruit quality. The technology of accelerated cultivation and evaluation of hybrid seedlings can be used in the breeding of various stone fruit crops.
Bioresource collection of flower crops in FRC SSC of RAS and its use in breeding research
Authors: Ryndin Alexey , Gutiyeva Nadezhda , Pashchenko Olga , Slepchenko Natalya
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with topical issues of introduction and breeding research in the framework of import substitution in the floriculture industry. An extensive gene pool of flower crops has been mobilized at the Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Sochi). On the basis of the Centre’s collections, apart from scientific purposes of conserving biodiversity, researching plants resistance and adaptability, as well as developing methods for studying cultivar samples, etc., there are practical tasks of obtaining planting material and cut flowers, including off-season periods, and using them in various forms of floral decoration, which are being solved. Bioresource collections include 1,499 cultivar samples, of which 34.29 % are perennial herbaceous plants, 20.61 % are bulbous and bulbotuberiferous, 16.94 % are irises, 14.34 % are pelargoniums, 9.47 % are species of natural flora, 4.34 % are chrysanthemums. The collections are also the basis for conducting breeding research in order to create highly ornamental, original, environmentally resistant and productive cultivars in the Centre with different flowering periods. Over the past 10 years, 85 cultivars of flower crops have been created (including 36 pelargoniums, 15 freesias and anemones, 12 chrysanthemums, 4 gerberas, 2 primroses, 1 tulip). The obtained cultivars are highly ornamental and resistant to bio- and abiotic factors. Freesia, anemone and pelargonium cultivars registered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation belong only to the FRC SSC of RAS.
Some clonal micropropagation features ofLonicera caeruleaL. cultivarsin vitro
Authors: Orlova Natalia , Raeva-Bogoslovskaya Ekaterina , Miroshnichenko Anna , Molkanova Olga
Published: June 2022

Lonicera caeruleaL. is one of the early temperate berry crops. Honeysuckle is a deciduous shrub up to 2.5 m high with edible blue fruits rich in vitamins and polyphenols. The work is devoted to the improvement ofin vitropropagation method of someLonicera caeruleacultivars. The differences in regeneration and formation of axillary shoots were revealed depending on the mineral medium composition. The optimal mineral composition of the nutrient medium for clonal micropropagation of the studied genotypes was determined. Cultivation on of Quoirin and Lepoivre medium contributed to the maximum reproduction coefficient (14.3) and height of microshoots (5.1 cm). The optimal concentration of auxin at the rooting stage has been established. The highest percentage of rooted microshoots (91%) was noted on a nutrient medium with 0.3 mg/l indoleacetic acid.
Wheat yield estimation based on analysis of UAV images at low altitude
Authors: Kozhekin Mikhail , Genaev Mikhail , Koval Vasily , Slobodchikov Andrey , Afonnikov Dmitry
Published: June 2022

Information about the yield of wheat crops makes it possible to correctly assess their productivity and choose apropriate agronomic procedures to maximize yield. However, determining yields based on manual ear counts is labor intensive. Recently UAVs demonstrated high efficiency for rapid yield estimation. This paper presents a software package WDS (Wheat Detection System) for ears counting in wheat crops based on RGB images obtained from UAVs. WDS creates the flight plan, for the acquired images carries out automatic georeferencing to the appropriate fragment of the field, counts ears using the neural network models, reconstructs the density of ears in the crop and visualizes it as a heat map in the interactive web application. Based on the field experiment the accuracy of ears counting in plots was assessed: Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients between the ears density counted manually and using WDS were 0.618 and 0.541, respectively (p-value < 0.05). WDS avaliable at https://github.com/Sl07h/wheat_detection.
Results of "Shin-Etsu" pheromone application on immune cultivars in the apple protection system to control of codling moth
Authors: Kashirskaya Natalia , Kuzin Andrei , Kochkina Anna , Kirina Irina
Published: June 2022

Codling moth is a very dangerous pest in apple orchards: the pest could damage up to 70-90% of pome fruits in the years of mass reproduction. The climate change increased the harmfulness of the pest during the last years. The aim of our study was the determination of “Shin-Etsu” dispenser application efficiency for codling moth disorientation comparing with conventional apple protection system. The experiment was done in apple orchards of JSC “Dubovoye” (Tambov oblast) in 2020-2021. The objects of the study were the scab immune cultivars Venyaminovskoye and Flagman grafted on B396 rootstock. Codling moth damaged 9.4-12.1% fruits in the control treatment after the first generation and 11.6-15.2% by the second generation. The application of the experimental protection system with dispensers decreased the fruit damage rate after the first generation up to 0.5-0.8% and second generation—0.9-1.1%. The biological efficiency of the experimental system in both cultivars was higher and reached 92.2-96.7% after the first generation and 90.5-94.0% after the second. The average yield in the “Shin-Etsu” protection system was 9.7-12.5 kg tree-1 where 87-90% fruits were premium quality.
Microbiological and bacterial diseases of apple fruits during storage
Authors: Balykina Elena , Ivanova Olga , Yagodinskaya Larisa , Korzh Dmitry , Rybareva Tatiana
Published: June 2022

During storage, fruits are affected by a complex of pathogens, from which one pathogen of bacterial origin and 11 of fungal etiology have been isolated. It was determined that the treatment of apple fruits before dispatch for storage with fungicides with the following rates of application: Luna Tranquillity, SC –1.0 l/ha, Geox, WDG–0.4 kg /ha, Zato, WDG–0.15 kg /ha allows to save up to 98% of the crop yield. At the same time, the waste contained fruits with mechanical damage affected by the mold fungus Penicillium roseum LK. Biological efficacy of Luna Tranquillity, SC, Zato, WSG and combinations of these fungicides against Penicillum roseum LK. were at the level of 81-95%, no other diseases were detected in these variants. It was found that fungi were found on fruits treated with a combination of fungicides Topsin - M, WP–1.5 kg/ha in combination with Merpan, WP–2.5 kg/ha and Medea preparation, ME–1.0 l/ha; such fungi were Fusarium avenaceum (fr.) Sacc, Gloeosporium fructigenum Berk, Penicillum roseum LK.
Formation of planned potato yield in the conditions of the Souther Urals
Authors: Vasilyev Alexander , Glaz Nikolai , Nokhrin Denis , Ufimtseva Larisa , Gordeev Oleg
Published: June 2022

The most important factor for obtaining planned potato yields in rainfed farming in the forest-steppe zone of Chelyabinsk region is the availability of moisture. The yield of tubers depends on the weather conditions of the growing season by 18.7%, the density of crops - by 17.3%, varieties - by 8.4% and the use of microfertilizer Forsage by 5.1%. The level of balanced nutrition determines 46.2% of total potato yield variation and is the main factor. The yields of the studied varieties under the conditions of 2019 (HTC = 0.91) was 1.15-1.23 times higher than in 2020 (HTC = 0.85) and 1.25-1.67 times more than in the drought conditions of 2021 (HTC = 0.39). Dense planting of potatoes ensured an increase in the yield of tubers and did not affect the content of starch in the tubers. The microfertilizer Forsage increased the yield of the variety Zakhar by an average of 2.5 t/ha, Rosara - by 2.1 t/ha, Kashtak - by 2.5 t/ha compared to the control. The influence of Forsage on the starch content of tubers depended on the variety and density. The best result is provided by a combination of a dense planting, the use of varieties Zakhar and Kashtak and the use of microfertilizer Forsage.
Agrobiological features of eggplant cultivation in protected ground
Authors: Terekhova Vera
Published: June 2022

The interest and spread of eggplant culture are defined worldwide due to the nutritional and dietary properties of the fruits. Nowadays, there is a rising trend towards increasing the areas under eggplant in plastic ground greenhouses. Nevertheless, the issues of the production of high-quality eggplants are essential. The studies were performed from 2018 to 2021 on the territory of the V.I. Edelstein Educational and Scientific Production Center for Horticulture and Vegetable Growing at the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. Two methods of plant formation (two and three stems), rationing of flowers in the inflorescences of eggplant plants (without rationing, rationing for a flower, rationing for 2 flowers), and eggplant hybrids were studied. As a result of the study, the agrobiological features of growing eggplant plants in plastic ground greenhouses were defined. The highest vendibility of the fruits of the studied hybrids was observed during the formation of plants in three stems, with rationing and preservation of the first flower in the inflorescence - 87.6%, rationing for two flowers – 82.8%, and without rationing of flowers – 77.2%.
Projet pratique de mise en œuvre de la plastronique
Authors: Gilmus V. , Gerges T. , Lombard P. , Charmeaux J.-Y. , Cabrera M. , Allard B.
Published: June 2022

Dans le cadre de la formation spécialisée en plastronique, il a été proposé aux étudiants de s’immerger dans la problématique alors qu’ils ne possédaient pas toutes les compétences ni connaissances idoines. Un travail pratique de 32h cumulées leur permet de toucher concrètement à la plastronique autour d’un cahier des charges évasif. Le livrable est double : un rapport de pré-étude, étayé par une bibliographie et des analyses simples, et un démonstrateur tangible. L’article décrit un projet d’étudiants pour mettre en lumière les ingrédients de cette démarche en mettant en avant les facettes de la réussite et les pièges d’une telle approche.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen,
Authors: Huizinga Oliver , Kiess Wieland
Published: June 2022

seit vielen Jahren wird hierzulande über die Rolle der Lebensmittelwerbung in
der Adipositas-Epidemie debattiert. Nun steht ein Paradigmenwechsel bevor. Erstmals
ist eine verbindliche Werberegulierung in Aussicht. Die Ampelkoalition aus SPD,
Grünen und FDP hat in ihrem Koalitionsvertrag festgehalten: „An
Kinder gerichtete Werbung für Lebensmittel mit hohem Zucker-, Fett- und
Salzgehalt darf es in Zukunft bei Sendungen und Formaten für unter
14-Jährige nicht mehr geben.“ Keine Frage: Es ist ein
großer Erfolg, dass sich die neue Bundesregierung zu diesem Schritt
durchgerungen hat. Medizinische Fachgesellschaften, Verbraucherschützer und
Krankenkassen haben diesen Erfolg gemeinsam errungen und jahrelang dafür
gekämpft. Ein Blick in die Historie lehrt uns, wie die
Lebensmittelwirtschaft eine wirksame Regelung jahrzehntelang verhindert hat
– und warum es in erheblichem Maß auf die Ausgestaltung der
geplanten Regelung ankommen wird.
Effekte von Lebensmittelmarketing auf das
Ernährungsverhalten
Authors: Holzapfel Christina
Published: June 2022

In Deutschland zeigt die Prävalenz von Übergewicht und Adipositas
ein hohes Niveau, was einen deutlichen Handlungsbedarf vor allem auf
Präventionsebene nötig macht. Die Prävention stellt eine
gesamtgesellschaftliche Aufgabe dar, bei der verschiedene Akteure eine
wesentliche Rolle spielen. Dies ist vor allem der Tatsache geschuldet, dass die
Entstehung von Übergewicht und Adipositas multifaktoriell ist. Die
Hauptursache ist eine positive Energiebilanz, für welche verschiedene
Faktoren ursächlich sind. Hierzu zählt das Angebot von
energiedichten Lebensmitteln, zuckergesüßten Getränken
und übermäßigen Portionsgrößen, die
über Marketingstrategien beworben werden. Es ist vielfach belegt, dass
sich die Lebensmittelwerbung vor allem an ungesunde Produkte richtet und die
Werbemaßnahmen vor allem bei Kindern einen deutlichen Effekt auf die
Auswahl der Lebensmittel und Getränke haben. Neben der
Eindämmung und des Verbots an Kinder gerichtete Lebensmittelwerbung sind
Anreize und Nudgingmaßnahmen für gesunde Lebensmittel und
Getränke nötig, um einen gesundheitsförderlichen
Lebensstil in allen Lebensphasen zu erleichtern.
Quercetin Augments Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis, DNA Damage Response, and MiR-22 Expression While It Prevents DNA Repair in Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Malakoti Faezeh , Majidinia Maryam , Ahmadi Yasin , Yousefi Bahman , Shanebandi Darioush
Published: June 2022

Background Osteosarcoma (OS) patients are commonly treated with chemotherapeutic agents like cisplatin (Cis). Quercetin with fewer side effects can improve the potency of chemotherapy and be used in combinational therapies. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Cis plus quercetin on DNA damage response (DDR), DNA repair, and apoptosis in Saos-2 cells.

Methods The effects of Cis and quercetin single or in combination on Saos-2 cell viability and the cytotoxicity of the drugs were measured by MTT assay. The expression of DDR and repair components including P53, ATM, ATR, RAD51, and H2AX, and also miR-22 were analyzed by real-time PCR. The rate of apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry.

Results Quercetin potentiated the cytotoxic effects of Cis in Saos-2 cells. The IC50 of Cis reduced from 6.12 µM to 4.25 µM. The combination of quercetin and Cis was associated with the up-regulation of miR-22 and DDR components, including P53, ATM, ATR, and H2AX as well as the down-regulation of RAD51. Moreover, this combined regimen significantly induced apoptosis in Saos-2 cells compared to mono drugs.

Conclusion The co-treatment of quercetin and Cis can accelerate DNA damage, DNA damage response, and apoptosis while interfering with the DNA repair process in Saos-2 cells. Moreover, this combination provokes the tumor suppressor miR-22 expression in these cells.
Adjuvante Therapie betagter Lungenkrebspatienten: Komparative Analyse von Indikationsstellung, Therapieadhärenz und Langzeitüberleben
Authors: Scheffold Ansgar , Eul Bastian , Degen Maria , Witte Biruta
Published: June 2022

Fragestellung Das Lungenkarzinom wird immer häufiger bei älteren Patienten diagnostiziert. Gerade in dieser Altersgruppe fehlen jedoch kontrollierte Daten zur Indikationsstellung und Durchführbarkeit multimodaler Therapien. Daher vergleicht die vorliegende Studie über und unter 70-jährige Patienten mit operiertem NSCLC-Stadium II bis IV (oligo) hinsichtlich Indikationsstellung, Therapieadhärenz und Überleben.

Patienten und Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden 316 Patienten, 115 davon 70 Jahre oder älter, mit NSCLC im Stadium II, III und oligometastatischem Stadium IV, die zwischen 2008 und 2018 in der Thoraxchirurgie am Universitätsklinikum Gießen in kurativer Absicht operiert wurden. Primäre Endpunkte waren Indikationsstellung und Therapieadhärenz. Sekundäre Endpunkte waren therapieassoziierte Morbidität und Langzeitüberleben.

Ergebnisse Ältere Menschen erhielten signifikant weniger Empfehlungen zur adjuvanten Therapie, sowohl Chemotherapie (OR=0,509) als auch Radiochemotherapie (OR=0,455). Im Vergleich zu den jüngeren Patienten beendeten weniger ältere Patienten die Behandlung vollständig (OR=0,423) und begannen seltener mit der Therapie (OR=4,49). Trotz einer über die Jahre angestiegenen Zahl indizierter adjuvanter Therapien im Gesamtkollektiv blieb die Zahl therapierter älterer Patienten gleich. Das 5-Jahres-Überleben älterer Patienten war nach adjuvanter Behandlung besser (Stadium II, 51,9 vs. 31,8%; Stadium III, 29,0 vs. 25,8%).

Schlussfolgerung Die stadiengerechte adjuvante Therapie des Lungenkarzinoms ist auch bei über 70-jährigen Patienten grundsätzlich sinnvoll und durchführbar. Sie wird bei älteren Patienten seltener indiziert und durchgeführt. Über die Jahre betrachtet blieb die Zahl therapierter älterer Patienten trotz Indikationsausweitung unverändert. Da postoperativer Verlauf, Komorbidität, Gebrechlichkeit und Toxizität eine große Rolle spielen, sollte statt des Alters die individuelle Einschätzung jedes Einzelfalls in einer interdisziplinären onkologischen Konferenz als Grundlage für Therapieentscheidungen dienen. Vielversprechend erscheinen neuere, potenziell besser verträgliche Medikamente wie bspw. Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren, die derzeit im Rahmen von Studien neoadjuvant in primär resektablen nodal-positiven Tumorstadien eingesetzt werden.
Evaluation of Biological Activity of a Diazocine Derivative against
Heart Failure Using an Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Model
Authors: Lauro Figueroa-Valverde , Marcela Rosas-Nexticapa , Maria López-Ramos , Magdalena Alvarez-Ramirez , Virginia Mateu-Armad Maria , Francisco Díaz-Cedillo , Alejandra Garcimarrero-Espino , Tomas Lopez Gutierrez , Montserrat Melgarejo-Gutierrez
Published: June 2022

Background There are studies, which suggest that some diazocine
derivatives can exert effects on the cardiovascular system; however, these
effects are not very clear.

Objective The aim of this research was to evaluate the biological activity
of a diazocine derivative against heart failure translated as area infarct.

Methods Biological activity produced by diazocine derivatives against
heart failure was determinate using an ischemia/reperfusion injury
model. Besides, to characterize the molecular mechanism of effect exerted by
diazocine derivative on left ventricular pressure (LVP) was determinate in an
isolated rat heart model using nifedipine, PINAME TXA2, and
quinalizarin as controls.

Results The results showed that diazocine derivative decrease the infarct
area and increase the LVP. However, the effect produced by diazocine derivative
on LVP was inhibited in the presence of quinalizarin.

Conclusions The results indicate that biological activity produced by
diazocine derivative on left ventricular pressure is through protein CK2
activation; this phenomenon could be translated as a decrease in both infarct
area and heart failure.