bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Physical Quality of Peel-Oof Masks of Essential Oils of Galam Kalimantan Plants
Authors: Ayuchecaria Noverda , Karelius Karelius , Rosmainar Lilis , Aryzki Saftia
Published: April 2024

The Kalimantan galam plant (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp cajuputi) has been used for generations but its use is very limited, only as wooden piles which form the basis of buildings in swamps (cerucuk), pillars for building construction, stakes (supports for newly planted seedlings) and siring. Street. The use of galam essential oil as an active ingredient in peel-off mask preparations can be efficacious in reducing inflammation and infection of acne or other skin problems. Facial masks in the form of peel-off itself have many advantages, namely their practical use and are easy to remove or lift like elastic membranes compared to conventional masks which leave residue. This study aims to design a peel-off mask formulation by utilizing the active ingredient in the essential oil of the galam plant. The preparations were then tested for physical quality requirements including organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, pH tests, drying time tests, spreadability and adhesion tests. The results of the tests that have been carried out include the extraction of essential oils as the active substance. The yield of essential oil obtained was 0.12%. Organoleptic quality tests showed changes in color, smell and shape in the three formulations. The homogeneity test for formulas I and II remained homogeneous, while for formula III the consistency changed to 2 layers. The pH test showed that all formulations met the pH requirements for topical preparations, namely 4-8. The drying time test for formula I was more difficult to remove, formula II was not too stiff while formula III was stiffer. Spreadability test on formulas I, II and III 5-7 cm. The gel viscosity test decreased and the adhesion test on formulation I was easily released, formulas II and III were not easily released while the irritation test of 30 people did not experience redness in 3 formulas.
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Pregnant Antenatal Care Attendees in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Boshomane Itumeleng Tebele , Tshabalala Kontswi Donald , Mokoena Oratilwe Penwell , Ntuli Thembelihle Sam
Published: April 2024

Early screening for HIV infection provides an opportunity for mother-to-child transmission and optimizes the care of HIV-infected mothers and unborn babies to improve clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with HIV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the District Hospital and its feeder community health center of the Limpopo Province (LP), South Africa. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out over 2-months from 01 May 2019 to 30 June 2019.  A consecutive sample of pregnant women who attended antenatal care during the study period was asked to participate. In total, 211 pregnant women participated in this study.  Their mean age was 28.4±5.7 years, ranging from 18 to 41 years.  More than half (56.4%) were aged <30 years old, 51.7% had secondary education, 71.1% were unmarried, and 72.0% were unemployed. The majority (66.4%) of pregnant women had multiple pregnancies and 70.6% were in the third trimester. Few (0.95%, n=2) had a history of alcohol use. The HIV prevalence was 15.2%, and significantly high in illiterate, elementary school-educated and multiparous women. The HIV infection rate in this setting is relatively associated with the level of education and parity. The social risk factors of health in each municipality should be considered when local health authorities implement policies. Women should be continually provided with health education about modes of transmission of HIV prevention particularly those with lower levels of education and reproductive age.
Effect of Heavy Metal Polluted River Water on Body Weight and Hemoglobin Level in White Rats (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Hendriyono Franciscus Xaverius , Devi Wivina Riza , Rosida Azma , Hidayat Taufiq
Published: April 2024

Contamination of heavy metal on the South Kalimantan River has become a well thrived issue. In the Barito River watershed, it is reported that there are heavy metals in the form of Pb, Hg and Cd. Heavy metals can affect physiological anatomical changes and the hematopoietic system. This study aims to determine the impact of heavy metal contamination on changes in body weight and hemoglobin levels. The research method is a true laboratory experiment using a pre-post-test group design. The subjects used were healthy male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 2-6 months and weighing 250-300 gr. The research group was divided into two groups, the control group (K) was a group of experimental animals that were given distilled water while the treatment group (P) was a group of experimental animals that were given water contaminated with heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) ad libitum for 30 days. The results showed that there was no effect of giving Pb metal; 0.01 mg/l = 0.006 mg/kgBW, Cd; 0.003 mg/l = 0.018 mg/kgBW, Hg; 0.001 mg/l = 0.0006 mg/kgBW and Pb+Cd+Hg; 0.006 mg/kgBB + 0.018 mg/kgBB + 0.0006 mg/kgBB on body weight of white rats. There was a significant decrease in Hb levels in white rat hemoglobin after administration of Pb metal; 0.01 mg/l = 0.006 mg/kgBB. Pb metal in water can influence changes in decreasing Hb levels during sub-acute administration. It can be concluded that there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels before and after giving water containing Pb/lead metal, whereas in the other groups there was no significant difference, as did the Hb levels.
Epidemiology and Management of Distal Radioulnar Injuries at Hadji Boejasin General Hospital, Pelaihari
Authors: Pratama Yudha , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures, especially in the elderly. This fracture often followed by an ulna fracture, causing interference with the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). The aim of this study is to provide an overview of DRUJ trauma management along with its indications. This research is a retrospective descriptive study. Data collection was carried out from the medical record data of DRUJ trauma patients who were treated through the ED of H. Boejasin General Hospital. There were 19 samples that met the inclusion criteria, aged 18-60 years. A total of 7 patients (36.84%) underwent ORIF, 12 patients (63.16%) LAC (91.67%), and 1 patient underwent SAC (8.33%). Surgery is the main choice of treatment by orthopedic surgeons for DRUJ trauma patients due to high impact injuries, while conservative management is sufficient for low impact injuries.
Analysis of Education and Knowledge’s Relationship on Worker Behavior in Waste Processing and Disposal in The Sasirangan Home Industry in Banjarmasin
Authors: Skripsiana Nika Sterina , Heriyani Farida , Nursantari Widya
Published: April 2024

Sasirangan is a typical cloth from the South Kalimantan which is produced by the Banjarist people in home industries. The production of sasirangan has a very positive impact on the welfare of Banjarist people. However, the processing and liquid waste resulting from the production process can have a negative impact on workers' health and the environment because it contains synthetic dyes and heavy metals. This is caused by poor worker behavior in processing and disposing of liquid waste from sasirangan cloth. Worker behavior can be related to worker education and knowledge. This research aims to analyze the relationship between education, knowledge and the behavior of sasirangan workers in processing and disposing of waste in the home-based sasirangan industry in Banjarmasin. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach, carried out at 3 (three) sasirangan production locations: Sungai Jingah, Seberang Masjid Village and Surgi Mufti subdistricts. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 30 workers. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and statistical analysis using the Chi Square test with the alternative Fisher Exact Test. The results of data analysis show the p value of the education variables (p=0.032) and knowledge (p=0.049). There is a significant relationship between education and knowledge and worker behavior in processing and disposing of waste in the sasirangan home industry in Banjarmasin. This is in accordance with Lawrence Green's theory, the better the worker's education and knowledge, the better the worker's behavior. The existence of a significant relationship between education and knowledge and workers' behavior in processing and disposing of waste in the sasirangan home industry in Banjarmasin requires follow-up in the form of efforts to increase education and knowledge regarding the processing and disposal of sasirangan waste for workers in the sasirangan home industry in Banjarmasin.
SIMULASI CFD UDARA DI SEKITAR RUMAH TRADISIONAL BANJAR TIPE BUBUNGAN TINGGI
Authors: Ikhsan M. Rizki , Rizali Muhammad , Nugraha Bayu
Published: April 2024

Rumah Banjar tipe bubungan tinggi merupakan salah satu model rumah tradisional di Kalimanan Selatan, yang mempunyai bentuk atap yang curam dan tinggi. Untuk melestarikan tipe rumah tradisional ini, maka bangunan-bangunan modern dibangun mengikuti tipe bubungan tinggi. Tipe rumah bubungan tinggi mempunyai kekayaan lokal yang perlu diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan udara di sekitar rumah tradisional Banjar tipe bubungan tinggi, sebagai akibat dari angin di sekitar bangunan tersebut. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Simflow. Model rumah banjar berukuran panjang 37 m, dan tinggi 16 m. Arah angin divariasikan dari arah depan dan belakang dengan kecepatan aliran 5 m/s. Parameter yang diamati adalah profil tekanan dan kecepatan udara di sekitar bangunan secara horizontal dan vertikal. Dari simulasi yang dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa angin dari arah depan lebih berpengaruh pada parameter udara di sekitar rumah bubungan tinggi. Posisi konsentrasi kecepatan udara berada di bagian bawah atap bubungan tinggi. Hasil simulasi dapat digunakan sebagai pertimbangan dalam memposisikan ventilasi udara pada bangunan. The high ridge type Banjar house is one of the traditional house models in South Kalimantan, which has a steep and high roof shape. To preserve this type of traditional house, modern buildings are built following the type of high ridge. The type of high ridge house has local wealth that needs to be researched. This study aims to simulate the air around a traditional high-ridge type Banjar house, as a result of the wind around the building. The simulation was performed using Simflow software. The banjar house model measures 37 m long, and 16 m high. The wind direction is varied from the front and rear directions with a flow speed of 5 m/s. The parameters observed are the profile of pressure and airspeed around the building horizontally and vertically. From the simulations carried out, it was found that the wind from the front had more influence on the air parameters around the high ridge house. The position of the airspeed concentration is at the bottom of the roof of the high ridge. The simulation results can be used as a consideration in positioning the air vents in the building.
“I pray to God that greed never sets in”: Community health workers’ reflections on “care” during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mishra Arima , Santosh Sajana
Published: April 2024

Background: Care provision received renewed attention during the Covid-19 pandemic as several healthcare providers vied for the coveted title of “frontline warrior” while they struggled to provide care efficiently under varying health system constraints. While several studies on the health workforce during the pandemic highlighted their difficulties, there is little reflection on what “care” or “caring” itself meant specifically for community health workers (CHWs) as they navigated different community and health systems settings. The aim of the study was to examine CHWs’ care-giving experiences during the pandemic. Methods: Twenty narrative interviews with CHWs including ASHAs (Accredited Social Health Activists) and ANMs (Auxiliary Nurse Midwives) were conducted in different states between July and December 2020. Results: Our findings highlight the moral, affectual, and relational dimensions of care in the CHWs’ engagement with their routine and Covid-19 related services, as well as the “technical” aspects of it. In this article, we argue that these two aspects are, in fact, enmeshed in complex ways. CHWs extend this moral understanding not just to their work, but also to their relationship with the health system and the government, as they express a deep sense of neglect and the lack of “being cared for” by the health system. Conclusion: CHWs’ experiences demand a more nuanced understanding of the ethics of care or caring that challenges the binaries between the “technical” and moral aspects of care.
ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DA NEOPLASIA MALIGNA DA PELE NO BRASIL ENTRE 2019 E 2023: TENDÊNCIAS DE INTERNAÇÕES, ÓBITOS E CUSTOS DOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Uiz Cavalcante Emily , Sampaio Vargas Eduardo , Pereira de Souza Mariana , Sampaio Vargas Giovana
Published: April 2024

Introdução: O desenvolvimento descontrolado de células cutâneas, causado pela exposição à radiação ultravioleta, histórico familiar e outros fatores de risco, leva à formação de neoplasias malignas da pele, como carcinoma basocelular, espinocelular e melanoma. Este tipo de câncer é atualmente o mais prevalente em todo o mundo, com uma incidência crescente ao longo das últimas décadas. Objetivo: Investigar e analisar os dados relacionados à neoplasia maligna da pele no Brasil no período de 2019 a 2023. Metodologia: O estudo adotou uma abordagem epidemiológica para analisar dados de hospitalizações e óbitos por neoplasia maligna da pele entre 2019 e 2023 no Brasil, obtidos do DATASUS. Resultados: Entre 2019 e 2023, foram registradas 36.993 internações por neoplasia maligna da pele no Brasil, com flutuações anuais. São Paulo liderou as internações com 8.419 casos, contrastando com o Amapá, que teve apenas 22. Houve uma leve predominância de internações de pacientes do sexo masculino (18.933) em relação ao feminino (18.060). A faixa etária mais acometida foi 60-69 anos, com 9.119 casos, e os brancos tiveram mais internações (23.759). Quanto aos óbitos, 2.962 foram registrados, com variações anuais. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 8,01 por 100.000 habitantes, com custos hospitalares totais de aproximadamente R$ 41.209.370,73, com aumento progressivo ao longo dos anos. Conclusão: Ao observar as flutuações nas internações, óbitos e taxas de mortalidade ao longo desses cinco anos, fica evidente a complexidade envolvida na compreensão e no gerenciamento dessa condição de saúde.Palavras-chave: Neoplasias Cutâneas; Melanoma; Epidemiologia.
PANORAMA EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA HEMORRAGIA INTRACRANIANA NO TOCANTINS: UMA ANÁLISE DE 2013 A 2023
Authors: Pereira de Carvalho Jacob Ricardo , Brito Madeira João Pedro , Batista  Marinho Mahatma , Nader Ferreira Pedro Eduardo
Published: April 2024

RESUMOIntrodução: A hemorragia intracraniana (HIC) é uma condição neurológica aguda caracterizada pelo sangramento dentro do crânio, podendo ocorrer no parênquima cerebral, espaços subaracnoides ou ventrículos cerebrais, com alta incidência no Brasil, contribuindo consideravelmente para a carga de morbidade e mortalidade associadas a doenças neurológicas. Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar o panorama epidemiológico da hemorragia intracraniana no estado do Tocantins, abrangendo o período de 2013 a 2023. Metodologia: O estudo analisou dados da hemorragia intracraniana no estado do Tocantins entre 2013 e 2023, utilizando informações do Ministério da Saúde - Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS). Esses dados foram organizados em uma planilha eletrônica e analisados estatisticamente para identificar tendências e padrões como internações, óbitos e gastos. Resultados: Os dados abordam a hemorragia intracraniana (HIC) no Tocantins entre 2013 e 2023, totalizando 1.918 internações. Palmas lidera em casos com 948 internações, enquanto Araguaína registra 643. Observou-se aumento nas internações em 2023 (261 casos) e queda em 2018 (121 casos). A distribuição por gênero revela 882 internações masculinas e 1.036 femininas, com leve predominância feminina. Na faixa etária, destaca-se o grupo de 50 a 59 anos (435 casos). Quanto aos óbitos (376), Palmas registrou 209, seguida por Araguaína (103). A taxa de mortalidade variou de 13,66% a 28,48%. Os gastos totais atingiram R$ 6.534.201,09, com destaque para Palmas e Araguaína. Araguaçu e Cristalândia, embora com menos internações, apresentaram gastos médios por internação mais elevados. Conclusão: Estudo oferece uma visão abrangente da carga da HIC no Tocantins e destaca a necessidade contínua de pesquisa, intervenções em saúde pública e cuidados clínicos especializados. Palavras-chave: Hemorragia Intracraniana; Epidemiologia; Tocantins
INFLUÊNCIA DA ALIMENTAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA PUBERDADE PRECOCE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Bezerra Francisco Yudhi , Marques Benvindo Ana Flávia , Cavalcante Damasceno Ana Rute , Pereira de Freitas Antônio , Garcia de Almeida Vitória Emmanuele
Published: April 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A puberdade é um momento complexo da vida em que ocorrem transformações físicas e psicológicas no corpo da criança1, causadas pela ativação do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-gonadal (HHG)2, resultando na maturidade sexual3. A puberdade precoce ocorre quando os sinais hormonais desencadeados pela ativação do eixo HHG inicia antes dos 8 anos na menina e dos 9 anos no menino4, podendo gerar consequência à saúde5. Sabe-se que a prevalência da puberdade precoce aumenta mundialmente6, principalmente em meninas1, podendo estar relacionado com os hábitos alimentares7. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a relação dos alimentos consumidos na infância com o desencadeamento da puberdade precoce. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, feita a partir de buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS e Scielo, a partir dos descritores: “alimentação” e “puberdade precoce” e suas traduções no inglês, com o operador booleano AND. Foram encontrados 46 artigos, publicados entre 2018 e 2023, e foram excluídos os não apropriados. RESULTADOS: Obteve-se 46 artigos, destes, 35 foram excluídos, uma vez que 5 estavam duplicados, 4 eram pagos e 26 não se enquadraram na temática central e no foco de estudo proposto, resultando em 11 artigos para análise final. Os estudos em análise revelaram que alguns dos alimentos com alto teor lipídico, proteico e glicídico são os principais associados ao desenvolvimento da puberdade precoce. DISCUSSÃO: Ao analisar os artigos selecionados, observou-se que os hábitos alimentares têm grande influência no surgimento da puberdade precoce8. Nesse sentido, a associação entre a ingestão de gorduras9, principalmente ácidos graxos poliinsaturados8, e açúcares9, demonstrou relação com o aumento do índice de massa corporal10, elevando os níveis do hormônio leptina11 e ocasionando o estado de resistência insulínica12, sendo esses fatores críticos para a ativação do eixo HHG de maneira precoce13. Além disso, nota-se que o consumo aumentado de proteínas, sobretudo as de origem animal, e de soja transgênica também têm influência na maturação sexual5. Por fim, constatou-se que existem fatores protetivos para o não desenvolvimento da puberdade precoce, como o aleitamento materno14, desde que a alimentação da mãe seja balanceada, e o consumo de proteína vegetal8 e fibras7. CONCLUSÃO: Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento da puberdade precoce se associa a uma dieta desbalanceada1 e pode ser retardado pelo aleitamento materno15. Espera-se que, com os achados, pesquisas intensas sejam feitas para determinar, precisamente, a relação dos alimentos e hábitos alimentares no desenvolvimento da puberdade precoce, evitando consequências adversas à saúde relacionadas a isso.
Palavras-chave: Dieta; Comportamento Alimentar; Puberdade Precoce.
APLICAÇÃO DE METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS EM UMA INTERVENÇÃO EDUCACIONAL ACERCA DA SAÚDE MENTAL INFANTIL
Authors: Costa de Carvalho Araújo Maria Eliza , Guimarães Santos Ana Beatriz , Soares de Sousa Guilherme , Da Silva Moura Jade Maria , Ribeiro Martins Mariah
Published: April 2024

Introdução: São perceptíveis na educação moderna os benefícios da metodologia ativa no desenvolvimento de habilidades e fixação de informação. Dessa forma, dentro do público infantojuvenil, é essencial analisar o aprendizado relacionado à saúde mental aplicada a essa modalidade de ensino. Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada iniciou-se com uma capacitação para os participantes da Liga de Psiquiatria da UFNT, que envolveu ensino teórico e prático para uma melhor abordagem. A ação ocorreu em escolas para alunos tanto do ensino fundamental quanto do ensino médio e consistiu em uma apresentação com uso de slides sobre como a ansiedade pode estar relacionada ao nosso cotidiano e como ela pode tornar-se patológica, acompanhada de conversação entre ligantes e alunos. Posteriormente, foi realizado um ensino prático de técnicas de relaxamento baseadas na Terapia Cognitivo Comportamental, no qual foram utilizados estimulantes dos sentidos (limão, perfume e álcool em gel) para a exemplificação da técnica de aterramento, que consiste no desvio do foco da ansiedade para os sentidos corporais. Além disso, também foram trabalhadas outras técnicas da TCC como a Terapia de Exposição, o Relaxamento Progressivo de Jacobson e a aplicabilidade do Relaxamento Diafragmático. Discussão: Em geral, o debate sobre a saúde mental nas escolas, principalmente em relação à educação fundamental e média, é escasso. No decorrer da atividade, observou-se um progresso na conversação entre ligantes e alunos. Tal feito fica evidente na socialização após os debates, em que algumas crianças e adolescentes fizeram perguntas correlatas ao assunto, além de nos procurarem para relatar problemas cotidianos e como as técnicas repassadas poderiam lhes ajudar. Por isso, torna-se essencial a colaboração dos ligantes para a ampliação desse debate no meio acadêmico, especialmente com uma construção ativa, a fim de que tal interação não se torne bancária, mas sim interativa e com foco no dia a dia dos alunos. Considerações Finais: Diante da prática educacional realizada acerca da psicologia infantil e sua capacidade de aderir a certos assuntos em dinâmicas ativas, observa-se maior disposição, atenção e comunicação das crianças quando instigadas indiretamente a participar e fazer-se presentes nas discussões. Portanto, é notória a relação benéfica  entre a metodologia ativa, a compreensão e a fixação dos assuntos  pelas crianças com maior destreza quando postos na prática.
Palavras-chave: Educação em Saúde. Metodologias Ativas. Saúde Mental.
GUIA ALIMENTAR EDUCATIVO PARA APOIO AO TRATAMENTO DE PACIENTE COM DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO II.
Authors: Costa Freitas Gustavo , Soares de Sousa Guilherme , Holanda Vasconcelos Fernando
Published: April 2024

Introdução: A Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (2019) define o diabetes mellitus como um distúrbio metabólico multifatorial caracterizado por hiperglicemia persistente, decorrente de deficiência na síntese ou na ação da insulina ou por ambos. Há estimativa de surgimento de 132 mil casos novos por ano, com altas taxas de morbimortalidade, sobretudo por complicações crônicas micro e macrovasculares. Diante disso, são necessárias intervenções no estilo de vida, com ênfase na alimentação saudável, para reduzir a incidência da doença, manter o controle sobre os índices glicêmicos e, assim, auxiliar no tratamento e garantir qualidade de vida ao paciente.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, realizado a partir de uma ação de educação em saúde pautada na construção de um guia alimentar individualizado como estratégia de apoio ao tratamento da diabetes. A atividade foi realizada com uma paciente em tratamento para Diabetes Mellitus tipo II, acompanhada pela equipe de saúde da família da UBS Manoel Maria Dias de Brito, localizada no bairro Cimba, na cidade de Araguaína-TO. Essa intervenção partiu da aplicação do Arco de Maguerez na comunidade como requisito do estágio de práticas em saúde.
Discussão: A ideia principal dos autores com a criação do guia prático contendo os alimentos adequados para os pacientes diabéticos consumirem, seguindo a metodologia do Arco de Maguerez, é a promoção de uma mudança significativa no estilo de vida dos pacientes através da dieta e o controle dessa patologia, resultando no fortalecimento do sistema de saúde dentro da Rede de Atenção à Saúde e contemplando a implementação de ações relevantes para a melhoria da saúde da comunidade.
Considerações finais: O desenvolvimento desse trabalho despertou o processo de educação em saúde, motivando os pacientes diabéticos a realizarem a conscientização e o autocuidado, proporcionando uma assistência sistematizada com intuito de melhorar a qualidade de assistência, visando a promoção, prevenção e recuperação da saúde desses pacientes.
 
Palavras-chave: Educação Alimentar. Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2. Saúde do Adulto.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DAS HEPATITES B E C NO TOCANTINS NO PERÍODO DE 2010 A 2020
Authors: Ribeiro Oliveira Dâmarys Vitória , Bonaldo Giulia Lara , Rodrigues Bezerra Andressa , Figueredo Carvalho Victoria Régia , De Melo Ataides Vitor , Figueredo da Silva Sylla
Published: April 2024

Introdução: As Hepatites B (HBV) e C (HCV) são patologias virais sexualmente transmissíveis, sendo as principais causas de doença hepática crônica, cirrose hepática e carcinoma hepatocelular, provocando alta morbimortalidade. Essas infecções são consideradas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) um problema de saúde pública mundial. No Brasil, ambas são doenças de notificação compulsória que podem ser rastreadas a partir de Testes Rápidos (TR) na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). No entanto, os dados do Sistema de Informação em Saúde (SIS) ainda enfrentam obstáculos como o subdiagnóstico e a subnotificação. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico das hepatites B e C no estado do Tocantins de 2010 a 2020. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo com base na coleta de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) no Tocantins, entre os períodos de 2010 a 2020. Os casos foram filtrados por sexo, raça, região de saúde, escolaridade, faixa etária e forma de transmissão. Resultados: Constatou-se, no período analisado, 882 casos confirmados de HBV e 374 de HCV. O maior número de casos por ano ocorreu em 2011 para HBV (113) e 2017 para HCV (47). Em ambas infecções, o sexo masculino (HBV= 457 e HCV= 214), a raça parda (HBV=663 e HCV=265), a região de saúde Capim Dourado (HBV=337 e HCV=134) e a escolaridade Ensino Médio Completo (HBV= 232 e HCV= 92) foram predominantes. Referente à faixa etária, houve maior prevalência de 20 a 39 anos na HBV (444) e de 40 a 59 anos na HCV (185). Quanto à forma de transmissão, a sexual teve maior registros para HBV (278) e para HCV (126) ignorados/brancos. Discussão: Dessa forma, nota-se a importância de conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de HBV e HCV para que haja o desenvolvimento de ações de abordagem multidisciplinar com enfoque nos principais grupos afetados, reduzindo as infecções e a morbimortalidade. Por isso, destaca-se a importância da APS na prevenção - por exemplo, por meio da Educação Popular em Saúde -, rastreamento, diagnóstico - através dos TR - e no controle da doença. Conclusões: Evidencia-se, por fim, a relevância da inclusão no SIS de todos os casos identificados, bem como o correto preenchimento das fichas de notificação compulsória, facilitando o processo de investigação e registro.
Palavras-chave: Hepatite B. Hepatite C. Perfil Epidemiológico.
Development of a Real-Time Gas Concentration Measurement System Using Internet of Things-Based Monitoring
Authors: Suhendar Haris , Indrasari Widyaningrum , Ghina Muqita Saffanah , Isnaini I Gusti Ayu
Published: April 2024

Transportation and industrial activities have contributed to an increase in the concentration of pollutant gases such as CO, NO2, and SO2 in the air. High concentrations of these gases can adversely affect human health. One approach to addressing this issue is by measuring and monitoring gas concentrations in the air. The advancement of technology, specifically the Internet of Things (IoT), facilitates the monitoring process. Therefore, this research focuses on the development of a gas concentration measurement system, utilizing the MQ-7 sensor for CO, the MiCS-6814 sensor for NO2, and the MQ-136 sensor for SO2. Additionally, the system is integrated with a website as a platform for monitoring the sensor measurements. The research results indicate that the system has been successfully developed with relative errors of 0.286% for the MQ-7 sensor, 0.325% for the MiCS-6814 sensor, and 0.280% for the MQ-136 sensor. The system underwent testing at three different locations, conducting gas concentration measurements in the environment for 24 hours. The environmental testing revealed measured gas concentration ranges of 2.52-7.67 PPM for CO, 0.00450-0.103 PPM for NO2, and 0.0100-0.0652 PPM for SO2. The measurement data is accessible and observed in real-time through the website, presented in graphical form, indicating average concentration values of CO, NO2, and SO2 over a 3-hour period. Moreover, the website is equipped with indicator lights that serve as alarms if the environmental gas concentration exceeds predefined thresholds.
Evaluation of the Minimum Transportation Cost of Asymmetric/Symmetric Triangular Fuzzy Numbers with -Cut by the Row-Column Minima Method
Authors: Indira P. , Jayalakshmi M.
Published: April 2024

في هذه المقالة، الفكرة الرئيسية هي الحصول على الحد الأدنى من التكلفة الإجمالية الغامضة للنقل لمشكلة النقل الثلاثي باستخدام طريقة الحد الأدنى للصف والعمود  (RCM)  هنا، فإن سعة العرض ووجهة الطلب وتكلفة النقل كلها أرقام غامضة مثلثية بالكامل مع غير متماثلة أو متماثلة ولكن ليس مع الرقم الغامض الثلاثي السلبي  (TFN)  يلعب الغموض دورًا نشطًا في العديد من المجالات، مثل العلوم والهندسة والطب والإدارة وما إلى ذلك. في هذه الفكرة، تتحلل مشكلة TFN إلى مسألتين لنقل الأعداد الصحيحة الفاصلة  IITP) ) باستخدام طريقة α-cut، وذلك بوضع α= 0.5 و α=0 للحصول على مشكلة النقل الفاصل الزمني العلوي ومشكلة النقل الفاصل الزمني الأدنى. يتم تقسيم هاتين المسألتين الفاصلتين مرة أخرى إلى مشكلتين: مشكلة النقل إلى اليمين  RBTP   ومشكلة النقل إلى اليسار  LBTP)  ) . أولاً، قم بحساب الحل الأساسي الأولي الممكن لـ RBTP، ثم احصل أيضًا على الحل الأمثل بالطريقة الحالية؛ ليست هناك حاجة لحل LBTP مباشرة لأن حل RBTP هو الحل الأولي لـ LBTP  . قم بتطبيق طريقة RCM على LBTP، للحصول على حلول الفاصل الزمني لمشكلتي النقل الفاصل. ثم تم دمج وحساب الحد الأدنى لتكلفة النقل الثلاثي الغامض، حيث لا يتم تغيير مشكلة النقل الغامض الثلاثي غير المتماثل أو المتماثل   TFTP  إلى TP الكلاسيكية دون استخدام طرق التصنيف، وتم الحصول على نفس النتيجة باستخدام الطريقة الحالية. وقد تم توضيح بعض الأمثلة العددية، وهي مناسبة جدًا لتوضيح فكرة هذا المفهوم. هذه الفكرة هي طريقة سهلة لفهم حالة عدم اليقين التي تحدث في مواقف الحياة الواقعية.
Synthesis and Identification of Triorganotin (IV)-Tyrosine Complexes and Study Their Applications as Antioxidant by DPPH and CUPRAC Methods.
Authors: Ryyis Arraq Rafid , G. Hadi Angham
Published: April 2024

من خلال تفاعلات التكثيف بين التايروسين (ليكاند) واملاح القصدير الثلاثية العضوية في وجود هيدروكسيد الصوديوم، تم تخليق ثلاثة معقدات ثلاثية عضوية للقصدير- تايروسين بنجاح. وتم إذابة جميع المكونات في الميثانول والتصعيد لمدة خمس ساعات. تم تشخيص المعقدات الناتجة بجهازتحليل العناصر(CHN).واستخدم التحليل الطيفي بالأشعة تحت الحمراء والتحليل الطيفي للرنين المغناطيسي النووي ( 119Sn-NMR , 13C 1H,  ). بناءً على قياسات الطيف، تم تعيين هندسة ثثنائية الهرم المثلثي للمعقدات الناتجة بنسبة منتوج تتراوح بين 85-97٪. تم استخدام طرق DPPH و CUPRAC، لأختبار النشاط المضاد للأكسدة لمعقدات التايروسين الثلاثي . بسبب وجود الشق الفلزي، كان للمركبات العضوية (IV) نشاط مضاد للأكسدة أكثر من الليكاند في حين أظهر مركب ثلاثي ميثيل القصدير (IV) مستوى أعلى في النشاط المضاد للأكسدة من المعقدات الأخرى.
Deep Learning based Models for Drug-Target Interactions
Authors: Abdul Raheem Ali K. , N. Dhannoon Ban
Published: April 2024

يعتبر منهج تطوير الأدوية بطيئًا ومكلفًا ويحتمل الفشل - يختبر العلماء ملايين المركبات ، لكن القليل منها فقط ينجح في إجراء الاختبارات قبل السريرية أو السريرية. يعتبر التعلم الآلي وهو فرع من الذكاء الاصطناعي ، موضوعًا سريع التوسع تستخدمه العديد من شركات الأدوية بشكل متزايد. يمكن أن يساعد دمج تقنيات التعلم الآلي في عملية تطوير الأدوية في أتمتة عمليات المعالجة والتحليل المتكررة للبيانات ، ويمكن استخدام تقنيات ML في عدة مراحل من تطوير الأدوية ، بما في ذلك التفاعلات الدوائية المستهدفة. وهي عنصر مهم  في عملية تطوير الدواء. عندما يرتبط عقار (جزيء كيميائي) بهدف (بروتينات أو أحماض نووية) ، يُقال إنه يرتبط ، ويغير سلوكه / وظيفته البيولوجية ، ويعيده إلى طبيعته. يُعد تنبؤ DTI جزءًا أساسيًا من عملية DD لأنه قد يؤدي إلى تسريع التكاليف وتقليلها ، ولكنه يمثل تحديًا ومكلفًا لأن المقايسات التجريبية لا تستغرق وقتًا طويلاً فحسب ، بل تكون باهظة الثمن أيضًا. أظهرت الأساليب القائمة على التعلم العميق نتائج مشجعة في التنبؤ بالتفاعلات المستهدفة للأدويةDTI) )  في السنوات الأخيرة. في هذه الورقة ، نقترح هيكلين جديدين للتعلم العميق للتنبؤ بالتفاعلات المستهدفة للدواءDTI) ). يستخدم النموذج الأول الشبكات العصبية لتمرير الرسائل MPNN) ) لتشفير الأدوية والوحدات المتكررة ذات البوابات ثنائية الاتجاه  Bi-GRU)) لتشفير البروتين. بينما يستخدم النموذج الثاني Bi-GRU لتشفير الأدوية وترميز البروتين. تم تدريب النموذجين وتقييمهما على مجموعة بيانات معيارية. توضح نتائجنا أن نماذجنا تتفوق في الأداء على أحدث أساليب التنبؤ DTI وهي نهج واعد للتنبؤ ب DTI بدقة عالية.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF HIJRAS-A CASE STUDY FROM TARAKESWAR LOCAL TRAIN
Authors: Dr. Mili Acharya
Published: April 2024

Third gender – this is one of the most pertinent topics discussed today. The third gender includes a few different groups in South Asia; the most common are the Hijras. Hijras are often born male but look and dress in traditionally feminine ways. By 2014, India officially recognized third gender people with equal rights, “it is the right of every human being to choose their gender,” – initiated by Supreme Court. But the reality is different. They are deprived socially, economically as well as physically and are psychologically abused. Their livelihood especially during journey in local trains highlighting the problems faced by them is narrated here.
LITERARY REFLECTIONS OF TRIBAL ISSUES IN MAHASWETA DEVI’S ARJUN
Authors: Narendra Sonu Tayade
Published: April 2024

The short story, Arjun is written by Mahasweta Devi. The Arjun tree and tribal society that appear in the center of the story. The tribal people in the story cut trees to earn their means of livelihood. Cutting trees for money and other means was not their own choice but helplessness. In fact, the events of cutting trees stir their hearts within. The wood reminds them how its help caused them to live in the forest safely without any cost. The tribal man Ketu succeeds in his plan of declaring the tree as sacred one, a village God. He defeats Bishal Babu, a landlord and Ram Haldar a politician. The writer unravels the age-old relationship of tribal people with wood and Nature. They are living in the company of nature and wood since the time immemorial. The realization of this relationship between wood and the tribal communities is the focal point in the story. The connecting link between nature and the tribal people is the tree, Arjun. In Indian society almost all are well aware about tribal culture, its connectivity with woods and religious importance of trees. That is why the principal objective of the paper is to study the reflections of tribal issues in the story, Arjun
MONETARY POLICY AND ECONOMY OF INDIA
Authors: Dr.  Anita Meshram  , Manisha Bhimte
Published: April 2024

The Atmanirbhar Bharat scheme, meaning Self-Reliant India, aims to make Indians self-sufficient by relying on locally-made products instead of imports. This scheme includes a Rs 20 lakh crore package, equivalent to 10% of India's GDP, that will be implemented in five phases. Monetary policy planning has also been initiated to regulate and control the supply of currency and credit, with the government and the central bank taking measures to study and improve India's economy. The ultimate goal of Atmanirbhar India is to make its people self-reliant in every way possible.

The purpose of this research paper is to study the impact of monetary policy on the economy in the Atmanirbhar and Developed India campaigns. In the presented research paper, secondary data has been collected for the study which has been done based on various magazines, newspapers, economic survey reports and reports presented by the Central Bank of India RBI. To achieve the goal of self-reliance and development in India, monetary policy alone is not enough but coordination of fiscal policy is very important.  If both the Central Bank of India and the government decide their policies together, then India can move rapidly towards development.
WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT: REALITY, MYTH AND IDEAL
Authors: Ziaur Rahaman
Published: April 2024

WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT: REALITY, MYTH AND IDEAL
COMPREHENSIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR CANCER PATIENTS: BRIDGING GAPS IN TREATMENT AND AFTERCARE
Authors: Qaiser Saad
Published: April 2024

Cancer is an illness that has not only been widespread in its ramifications and reach but also diverse in its effects and presentation. Research has demonstrated that symptomology extends beyond only a physical toll but can also pose significant threats to mental well-being, constructing a complex profile of the multifaceted manifestations of its impact. Assessing the factors that contribute to mental health risks as well as how this translates to current support is imperative in potentially bolstering the development of new post-treatment plans. This literature review explores the currently available treatment options for symptom management as well as introduces a case study illustrating insight into the unique challenges that might be posed to a cancer patient as they traverse daily life. Based on preliminary findings, diversifying options and strengthening aftercare supports can enhance the patient experience as well as promote better long-term outcomes.
A STUDY OF THE EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING OF TEACHER EDUCATORS IN DELHI
Authors: Nisha Saini
Published: April 2024

The education system of a nation is pivotal in the development of its society. In today’s dynamic educational system, the role of the teacher educators is important for the future of teaching profession. In the present paper, the researchers focused on the emotional wellbeing of teacher educators teaching in Delhi and also made comparison between the type of institutions as one variable and teaching experience as another variable. An Emotional Wellbeing Scale prepared by Ed Diener and Robert Biswas-Diener (2008) was used and data was collected from 100 teacher educators through Google form. The findings revealed that the Teacher Educators are facing issues in balancing emotional well-being in life and the Teacher Educators who are in Government B.Ed. colleges and with less year of teaching experience have better emotional wellbeing as compared to their counterparts.
CHESS - FOUNDATION FOR MATHEMATICS: IN WHAT WAYS CAN CHESS IMPROVE A CHILD’S MATHEMATICAL SKILLS?
Authors: Aarush Patel
Published: April 2024

This paper aims to find and explore the positive correlation between chess and mathematics. It further discusses how the skills required for chess are also of great importance in mathematics. Moreover, chess problems that need to be solved using mathematical concepts are added to persuade children to try and come up with their own problems and solutions. Creative and critical thinking are two other important skills supported by chess. Through examples, the paper demonstrates how these skills correlate with chess. Towards the end, the paper advocates for the introduction of chess in schools, backed up by previous efforts to promote chess in schools. Chess is a game that requires the use of one's mental aptitude as well as strategic thinking skills. It was found that these abilities are useful in various areas of life, notably mathematics. It aids in the development of various skills: it strengthens basic calculations, improves memorization ability, enhances concentration power, develops foresight, and instills time management.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY OF CHAMPAKABEEJA KALKA AND CHAMPAKABEEJA TAILA IN PADADARI
Authors: Dr. Renju S.
Published: April 2024

Padadari is one of the commonest & most negligible diseases. It is observed that people are least bothered about their feet than their face. Padadari is a disease which hinders the free walking of the individual. In Ayurvedic classics, it is explained under Kshudra roga. Cracked feet also known as heel fissures is a common foot problem characterized by yellowish color of the skin on the heel of the foot, hard skin growth, hardening and cracks in the feet associated with pain, bleeding or itching. Champaka tree is highly venerated by the Hindus, and is dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It is celebrated for the exquisite perfume.  Flowers are used by ladies as adornments. The effect of champaka seeds in padadari is described in modern ayurveda texts. A randomized controlled clinical study has been conducted to compare the efficacy of Champaka beeja kalka and Champakabeeja taila in Padadari. In this study prevalence of the disease was seen more in farmers and house wife, mixed diet, vatapitta prakriti people. Working in muddy area and used to long walking daily with bare foot where the major causative factor for padadari noted in the study. Cracks associated with pain, discoloration and itching were found as common presenting complaints. Clinical study showed significant relief on both trail drugs in healing padadari. Statistical results showed highly significant in pain, bleeding and itching. But there was moderate improvement in reduction of length of the crack. Both the trial drugs were found effective clinically, but comparatively Champaka beeja taila is more effective than Champaka beeja kalka.
TRANSITIONING TO ELECTRIC VEHICLES - AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Dr. Bindhya M. S.
Published: April 2024

A conceptual framework is developed to measure innovativeness in adopting electric vehicles, considering technology ownership and various psychological and social factors. As fossil fuels deplete and prices rise, the automobile industry in India is turning to electric vehicles as a solution for both industry and the environment. For a sustainable environment, a shift from petrol and diesel vehicles to fully electric vehicles with zero emission through the tailpipe is immensely intrinsic.Electric vehicles possess a wide spectrum of investment opportunities and as a promising mode of mobility companies enhanced their research and development prominently to drive out petroleum as anenergy source (Wilberforce et al., 2017). To attain sustainable development government globally decided to focus on research for developing hybrid electric vehicles that can compete with fossil fuel-dependent (conventional) vehicles.Despite government policies promoting electric vehicles, their market penetration remains low. Transitioning to electric vehicles is essential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions gradually.  This study aims to explore and analyze consumer perceptions towards electric vehicles. The study focuses on the components and sources of information about electric vehicles that influence consumer buying decisions and explores the reasons for transitioning to electric vehicles.
SECURE CLOUD STORAGE WITH BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY USING MULTI-KEY AGGREGATION ALGORITHM
Authors: Nagamany Abirami  , Dr. M. S. Anbarasi
Published: April 2024

Cloud computing is an emerging technology which provides on-demand availability of system resources, especially data storage and computing power. Cloud computing technology helps for reducing maintenance cost, highly available across the globe, flexible and easy scalability. Even though the cloud computing has many useful services, still we have a security challenges on data integrity and privacy. Blockchain Technology is the most important security solutions for the protection of information stored on Cloud.The Internet uses a centralized method of monitoring, critical information in the database has been easily manipulated or disclosed by cyber criminals or cloud organizations.To address this limitation, researchers offer Chain Privacy, a blockchain-based access to information system.First, customers use blockchain network node account information as an identifier and also redefining cloud-based access control permissions, which would be encoded and retained on the blockchain.Subsequently, customer uses Chain Privacy to create network access, authorization, and cancel procedures.With a huge use of cloud services, information security issues still need to be addressed appropriately.Data security issues have always been an obstacle in the development of cloud computing, but they must be addressed.At the same time, Blockchain has established itself as a crucial method to ensure security, in particular in terms of consistency, validity, and confidentiality.This paper proposed the Multi-Key Aggregation Security (MAS) in Blockchain and cloud computing, to improve the performance of security.Finally, Enterprise Operating System (EOS) is used to create Chain Privacy. And the results suggest that Chain Privacy could not only protect cybercriminals and managers against unauthorized access to information, but also preserve approved confidentiality.
APPLIED ASPECT OF PACHAKA PITTA IN DIGESTION
Authors: Dr. Anshuman Pandey
Published: April 2024

Digestion and transformation are the main function of pitta dosha. Agni is the energy that is an important factor for this process. It works through the medium of pitta. This panchabhautic (physical) body is the outcome of the food. The health of a person depends upon proper digestion and assimilation of food. The digestion of food is the main function of the pachaka pitta. It digests the food and also separates sara bhaga from the kitta bhaga with help of samana vayu. All the digestive juices secreted by pancreas, small intestine, stomach and liver can be considered as pachaka pitta.  In this article, the applied aspect of pachaka pitta and its effect on digestion is reviewed.
Predestinación y reprobación en Santo Tomás
Authors: Forment Giralt Eudaldo
Published: April 2024

En filosofía y en teología, todas las cuestiones referentes a la predestinación divina son de las más difíciles. La solución de Santo Tomás, que se considera basada en las de San Agustín y de San Juan Damasceno, proporciona una respuesta racional, coherente y satisfactoria, pero sin desvelar totalmente el misterio. Para su adecuada comprensión es necesario tener en cuenta las concepciones de Santo Tomás de la libertad y de la gracia, tal como las expone él mismo.