bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professional Development for Classroom Teachers
Authors: Maiden Jeffrey
Published: December 2020

The professional development of teachers in instructional technology is of paramount importance. This chapter provides an overview of the topic, beginning with adult learning as a foundation. Teachers are adults, and any type of professional development, whether related to technology or not, should meet the needs of adult learners. The chapter subsequently provides a review of professional learning communities (PLCs), which may provide a venue for impactful, sustainable technology professional development. Next, teacher-led technology professional development and peer coaching are addressed, followed by a discussion of the use of the community, corporate, and university partnerships that may enhance professional development through symbiotic relationships. The chapter concludes with a discussion of virtual professional development, which may serve a dual purpose of enhancing professional development sustainability as well as modeling technology use for instructional purposes.
Learning Communities
Authors: Robinson Heather , Kilgore Whitney , Bozkurt Aras
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this chapter is to present the similarities and differences of three learning communities: communities of practice (CoPs), professional learning communities (PLCs), and professional learning networks (PLNs). For this purpose, researchers adopted a qualitative phenomenological approach and interviews with three connected educators and content area experts were conducted regarding their views, perceptions, and experiences of the various learning communities and how technology (specifically Twitter) is used as part of their learning in an open community. Additionally, the interviews helped explain the current practices in community development and support, the evolution from a lurker to a contributor to a community leader, and the evolution from a community to a network.
Achieving Rural Teachers' Development Through a WeChat Professional Learning Community
Authors: Zheng Xue , Liu Haixia , Lin Dongmei , Li Jiacheng
Published: December 2020

WeChat group is a new network communication platform, which gradually influences rural teachers' development and brings some specific issues into schooling. This chapter focuses on two rural banzhurens, Ms. Liu and Ms. Lin, from Guangdong Province, to explore WeChat groups' influences on rural teachers' development. On the basis of interviews and data analysis, the authors summarize the main activities that the two rural banzhurens have taken part in; outline the development they have obtained in three areas, including courage, benevolence, and wisdom; examine how rural teachers achieve their development based on the WeChat group; and discuss the limitations of this online tool.
The “Co-Creation-Wheel”
Authors: Ehlen Corry , Hennissen Paul
Published: December 2020

This case history reflects on a long-term change and development project in the Netherlands, undertaken in communities of practice (CoP) of 20-36 professional development schools for primary education. The initiators were 10 boards of groups of elementary schools and the University for Teacher Education for primary education. The project leader was Dr. Paul Hennissen, and Dr. Corry Ehlen of CoCreata Consulting and Research was invited as external consultant. For 8 years, several methods of in-service quality improvement were used to strengthen the self-management ability of teachers, teams, and head teachers. The case history especially demonstrates the application of “Co-Creation-Wheel” as a guiding tool in an innovation team. This instrument stimulates the individual CoP members and the CoP as a group to co-creative innovation. The digital tool of “Co-Creation-Wheel” proves to be suitable for a bigger number of participants. Complexities of the project and success factors are shown.
Using Online Writing Communities to Teach Writing MOOCs
Authors: Colby Rebekah Shultz
Published: December 2020

The immense enrollment capacity of massive open online courses (MOOCs) radically decenters student and teacher authority in the writing classroom. However, online writing communities teach each other how to write effectively within that community, a type of writing instruction which could be leveraged in a MOOC. The author qualitatively coded the types of writing questions and feedback posted on a technical writing forum, Technical Writing World and discovered that writing questions focused on technical writing genres, style guides, documentation practices, lower order concerns, and revision or outsourcing of work. Responses often directed the original poster to research the rhetorical situation within a specific company. The author then outlined three pedagogical approaches for writing MOOCs: students could ask writing questions from professionals on similar writing websites, conduct qualitative studies of similar online writing communities to learn their underlying writing values, and participate in MOOCs that were organized to be communities of practice.
Peer Review in Online Professional Communities to Support Elementary Disciplinary Literacy Planning
Authors: Colwell Jamie , Taylor Valerie
Published: December 2020

This chapter reports the results of a qualitative case study focused on elementary pre-service teachers' perspectives on planning for disciplinary literacy using peer review in an online professional community (OPC). Seven pre-service teachers enrolled in an eight-week asynchronous, online content literacy course served as participants. Results indicated pre-service teachers' valued extended opportunities for reflection in the OPC and appreciated diverse backgrounds and experiences offered by their OPC colleagues. However, perceived challenges remained that are important to consider when incorporating peer review cycles into online asynchronous coursework. This study considers these perspectives in light of designing and planning online coursework in elementary disciplinary literacy.
Sustaining a Teacher Professional Learning Community in China Through Technology
Authors: Fleener Jayne , Lu Lianfang , Dun Jian , Mingquan Yang
Published: December 2020

This study explores the evolution of a professional learning community (PLC) of Chinese teachers over a multi-year period. A group of 16 teachers participated in a three-semester PLC over the 2008-2009 school years to develop master mathematics teachers in a school district in Beijing, China. The goal of the PLC, as identified by the teachers, was to improve instruction for greater student autonomy, creativity, and problem solving as they developed their master capacity building skills and networked relationships. This paper explores what has happened to these 16 teachers six years later, specifically considering how they may have used technology to further their development as master teachers. This study shows the potential of a PLC for self-adaptive, emergent behaviors and understandings that are instructional for transforming teaching practices, sustaining changes in teaching practices and preparing students for 21st century engagements.
Connecting the Dots Between Human Factors and Software Engineering
Authors: Sánchez-Gordón Mary
Published: December 2020

Software engineering (SE) is a human-intensive activity where human factors play a fundamental role. As such, SE is an inherently sociotechnical endeavor on which different social and technical aspects are involved. In fact, it is recognized that successful SE not only depends on technical or process issues, but also it is influenced by human factors. They have been proved to have impact on software process and their study is a growing research field. The summary presented in this chapter highlights the results obtained in a five-year effort research aiming at understanding the role that human factors play in SE. As a result, a holistic view of human factors on software process is given.
Railway Engineering
Authors: Berbey Alvarez Aranzazu , Guevara-Cedeño Jessica
Published: December 2020

This chapter is a case study of the dissemination of railway engineering research in Latin America developed by a railway engineering research group. The leader of the group is a female researcher. The authors aim to inspire to other women researchers in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries who are trying to develop research in IT areas, many times facing serious difficulties, incomprehension, and great challenges. This chapter is divided in set sections like introduction, background, development of railway engineering research. This third section is divided into subsections like timetable planning and trains control, characterization of Panama metro line 1, dwelling times, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence, social-economics railway externalities, and environmental railway externalities. The fourth section presents the results of the relationship between research activity and teaching of railway engineering obtained in this case study. Finally, the authors present a brief vision about future and emerging regional trends about railway engineering projects.
Notes écologiques sur Agrypnus fairmairei (Candèze, 1889) de Madagascar (Coleoptera: Elateridae)
Authors: Pedroni Guido
Published: December 2020

Des notes écologiques sont présentées sur le Coléoptère Elateride Agrypnus fairmairei (Candèze, 1889), trouvé dans la forêt tropicale humide de ranomafana à Madagascar, dans le bois d’Eucalyptus sp. en décomposition plus ou moins avancée.
Lathrobium pivai sp. n. from the Altopiano di Asiago (Veneto, Vicenza) and new records for L. freyi Koch, 1938 and L. pacei Piva, 1995 (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae)
Authors: Bordoni Arnaldo
Published: December 2020

Lathrobium pivai sp. n., anophthalmous, apterous and depigmented species from Veneto (Altopiano di Asiago), is described and illustrated. Some new records are listed for Lathrobium freyi Koch, 1938 and Lathrobium pacei Piva, 1995.
Previous Traditional Medicine Use for Sore Throat among Children Evaluated for Rheumatic Fever in Northern Uganda
Authors: Stein Elizabeth , Pulle Jafesi , Zimmerman Meghan , Otim Isaac , Atala Jenifer , Rwebembera Joselyn , Oyella Linda Mary , Harik Nada , Okello Emmy , Sable Craig , Beaton Andrea
Published: December 2020

Timely diagnosis of group A streptococcal (GAS) sore throat coupled with appropriate antibiotic treatment is necessary to prevent serious post-streptococcal complications, including rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Traditional medicine (TM) is a known common adjunct to formal medical care in sub-Saharan Africa. A better understanding of health-seeking behavior for sore throat both within and outside the formal medical system is critical to improving primary prevention efforts of RF and RHD. A prospective mixed-methods study on the use of TM for sore throat was embedded within a larger epidemiological study of RF in Northern Uganda. Children presenting with symptoms of RF were interviewed about recent TM use as well as health services use for sore throat. One hundred children with a median age of 10 years (interquartile range: 6.8–13 years) completed the TM interview with their parent/guardian as part of a research study of RF. Seventeen, or 17%, accessed a TM provider for sore throat as part of the current illness, and 70% accessed TM for sore throat in the past (73% current or past use). Of the 20 parents who witnessed the TM visit, 100% reported use of crude tonsillectomy. Penicillin was the most frequently prescribed medication by TM providers in 52% of participants who were seen by a TM provider. The use of TM among children presenting with symptoms of sore throat in northern Uganda is common and frequently used in tandem with diagnostic services offered through the formal healthcare system. Engagement with TM practitioners may provide an important avenue for designing effective primary prevention and management strategies of RF and reduce the global burden of RHD.
Case Report: The First Case of Genotypically Confirmed Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 Propeller Mutation in Sri Lanka and Its Implications on the Elimination Status of Malaria
Authors: Fernando Deepika , Weerasekera Chamarika Jayanetti , Gunasekera W. M. Kumudunayana T. de A. W. , Hapuarachchi H. Chanditha , Koo Carmen , Munas Muzrif , Ranaweera Prasad
Published: December 2020

This case report discusses recrudescence of imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria, in the presence of P. falciparum Kelch13 (PfK13) propeller mutation, in a patient diagnosed and fully treated with artemether–lumefantrine under direct observation in Sri Lanka. This patient presented with a history of 5 days of fever following his arrival from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). He had visited Rwanda 1 week before arrival to Sri Lanka. Treatment was commenced with artemisinin-based combination therapy, artemether–lumefantrine, which is the first-line drug recommended for uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Blood smears were negative for parasites by the third day of treatment. Approximately 2 weeks later, he developed fever again and was diagnosed as having a recrudescence of falciparum malaria. He was treated and responded to the second-line antimalarial dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine. Molecular testing of blood taken from the first infection revealed the presence of amino acid substitutions K189T and R561H within the PfK13 gene. R561H mutation is associated with delayed parasite clearance in Southeast Asia. Although seldom reported from DRC, an emergence and clonal expansion of parasites harboring R561H allele has been reported from Rwanda recently; thus, it is likely that this patient may have got the infection from Rwanda. Sri Lanka eliminated malaria in 2016. However, in the backdrop of continuing imported malaria cases, early diagnosis and prompt treatment is essential to prevent the re-establishment of the disease.
Optional Pass-Thru Features
Authors:   Vehicle E E System Diagnostic Standards Committee
Published: December 2020

SAE J2534-1 defines a standard vehicle network interface that can be used to reprogram emission-related control modules. However, there is a need to support vehicles prior to the 2004 model year, as well as non-emission related control modules.

The SAE J2534-2 document meets these needs by detailing extensions to API version 04.04 of the SAE J2534-1 specification. It is not required for an interface to be fully compliant with API version 04.04 of the SAE J2534-1 specification to implement some of the features specified in this document. Together, these extensions provide the framework for a common interface to protect the software investment of the vehicle OEMs and scan tool manufacturers.

Only the optional features will be described by this document and are based on the December 2004 publication of SAE J2534-1.
The Western United States has Greater Antibiotic Resistance Among Salmonella Recovered from Intestinal Cecal Samples of Food Animals.
Authors: Nyirabahizi Epiphanie , Tyson Gregory H. , Tate Heather , Strain Errol
Published: December 2020

As part of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) activities, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) collected cecal samples from food animal slaughter facilities throughout the country between 2014 and 2018. Of the 26,780 cecal samples from cattle, swine, chicken and turkey , 6,350 (23.71%) tested positive for Salmonella . NARMS tested Salmonella for susceptibility to aminoglycosides, folate pathway inhibitors, macrolides, phenicols, quinolones, beta lactams, and tetracyclines. Using the regional subdivisions defined in the USDA Office of Investigation, we used chi-square test to assess potential association between the region from which the samples were collected and both Salmonella prevalence and susceptibility. The results show a significant association between region and Salmonella prevalence, when accounting for source and establishment size, with the southeast region having the highest probability of finding Salmonella . However, the western region had the highest resistance probability across all antimicrobial classes except for macrolides, which showed no regional association. This association between region and resistance was strongest among isolates from cattle. Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data indicated that a significantly higher prevalence of Salmonella Newport in cattle in the western region (accounting for 9.52% of cattle isolates, compared to 3.44% in other regions) may account for the greater resistance to multiple drug classes. Approximately 90% of Salmonella Newport in the west exhibited the MDR-AmpC phenotype encoded by aph(3'')-Ib/aph(6)-Id , bla CMY-2 , floR , sul2 , and tetA. . Thus, differences in resistance across regions may be due to geographical differences in the prevalence of specific Salmonella serotypes and their accompanying resistance genes.
Mapa Situacional do Marketing: Um condensado das bibliometrias publicadas na área
Authors: Aparecida de Freitas Dias Correio Gilmara , Veloso Coura Correio Karla , Luiz Mendes Athayde André
Published: December 2020

Resumo: Objetivos: A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar as bibliometrias da área de marketing, tendo como base de dados a Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library (Spell). Para tanto, buscou-se identificar elementos como temáticas, demografia, estatísticas textuais, especificidades de grupos, Classificação Hierárquica Descendente e Nuvens de Palavras no corpus textual construído com os dados dos artigos. Método: Este estudo se baseou na aplicação do método bibliométrico em 37 bibliometrias com conteúdo de marketing disponibilizadas na Spell. A análise dos artigos dividiu-se em dois blocos: o primeiro abordou os artigos da amostra e o segundo resumiu as informações dos artigos tratados no primeiro. Resultados: Os resultados retrataram que as temáticas ‘consumo’ e ‘estratégia’ foram as mais estudadas e os artigos foram escritos de forma conjunta em sua maioria.  Os estudos foram majoritariamente teórico-empíricos e com abordagem qualitativa. Adicionalmente, a sociometria desenvolvida na presente pesquisa revelou a formação de três clusters, além de serem analisadas a Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e a Análise Fatorial de Correspondência (AFC). Conclusões: caracterizou-se a área de estudo até então, embasando os pesquisadores para futuras investigações por meio de uma agenda de trabalho em pesquisa.
ON THE ONE NONSTANDARD PARAMETER OF A ROUGH SURFACE PROFILE
Authors:   Tver State Technical University, IZMAILOV V.V. , NOVOSELOVA M.V. ,   Tver State Technical University
Published: December 2020

A dimensionless profile parameter of a rough technical surface μ is proposed, which characterizes its operational properties, including tribotechnical ones. The parameter characterizes the relative location of the profile mean line along the height of the rough layer and is equal to the ratio of the maximum profile valley depth to the maximum height of the profile within the sampling length. For a symmetrical profile, μ = 0,5. Values μ > 0,5 correspond to a surface with a predominant location of the material in the upper sections of the rough layer and individual deep valleys. Such a surface has increased rigidity and wear resistance, good oil absorption, i.e. has a combination of positive tribotechnical properties. The advantages of the proposed parameter are visibility, ease of calculation and low variability.
Science Fun: Theory of Optics
Authors: Desiriah Eka , Afifah Nurul , Choirunnisa Jelita Puspita Ningrum
Published: December 2020

We, as budding researchers, try to present science in the form of comics. We present the theory of optics by Christiaan Huygens and Sir Isaac Newton in a short comic strip. As we know, the Huygens principle explains that each wavefront can be considered to produce new wavelets or waves with the same wavelength as the previous one. A wavelet can be likened to a wave generated by a rock dropped into the water. The Huygens principle can be used to explain the diffraction of light in small slits. When passing through a small gap, the wavefront will create an infinite number of new wavelets so that the waves do not just flow straight, but spread out. By doing so, Huygens discovered his telescope. In this paper, we then illustrate his telescope through a simple comic.
Study of Relativity Theory of Einstein: The Story of Ashabul Kahf and Isra’ Mi’raj
Authors: Celina Fitria Mercyta , Suprapto Nadi
Published: December 2020

Al Qur’an is the greatest miracle that used as a guide for Muslims in the world. In it contains several verses that are relevant to physics. The study aims to examine Einstein’s Theory of Relativity in the story of Ashabul Kahf and Isra’ Mi’raj of Prophet Muhammad SAW. A qualitative approach is used with the library research method by analyzing related books and journals. The result show that the relativity time of angles and humans can be explained by Einstein’s Theory of Relativity. Einstein’s Theory of Relativity has nothing to do with the Ashabul Kahf event. However, for the events of Isra’ Mi’raj of prophet Muhammad SAW, Einstein’s Theory of Relativity is not sufficient to prove it.
Peculiarities of intercultural competence in teaching foreign languages
Authors: Bakhronova Dilrabo , Abduvakhitovna Muminova Dilshodakhon , Rustamovna Khodjakulova Feruza , Sabohat Hashimova , Ibrohimovna Musaeva Shahzoda
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the issues related to intercultural competence in teaching foreign languages. The modern world and society are increasingly in need of people who can think creatively, analyze, and understand others. And a foreign language is one of the best tools to develop these skills. Comparison of countries, people, customs, traditions, cultural heritage stimulates and motivates the desire to increase and deepen the knowledge about other countries and their own country. At the center of the modern personality-oriented concept is the personality of the student, his needs, and interests. The main goal of teaching a foreign language is seen in the formation of communicative and intercultural competencies among pupils. In the process of teaching foreign languages, both competencies are formed interconnected intercultural competence is formed based on communicative and in the process of its development. Each lesson of a foreign language is a crossroads of cultures this is the practice of intercultural communication because each word reflects a foreign world and a foreign culture.
V como violencia, V como venganza
Authors: Cagnolati Antonella
Published: December 2020

Paola Drigo (1876-1938) fue una voz importante y original de la literatura italiana, considerada por muchos críticos una de las escritoras más importantes de la primera mitad del siglo XX. Los temas principales de su obra abarcan campos muy diferentes: se pasa de una fase inicial, en el que prevale la descripción de los ambientes brillantes y vacuos de la acaudalada burguesía en los que vivía, a una fase más madura, en la que las protagonistas de las historias son mujeres humildes, pobres y marginadas, debilitadas por el destino y abatidas por las desgracias.

La publicación en 1936 de la novela Maria Zef causó un gran revuelo entre la comunidad literaria italiana, porque trataba temas, considerados tabú, de forma cruda y sin tapujos, con un deseo evidente de denuncia y una sencillez, a veces, desarmante (Boccelli, 1937).

El argumento, en realidad bastante descarnado, gira en torno a tres figuras femeninas que se encuentran en el centro de la trama narrativa y de cuyas relaciones se originan las dinámicas fundamentales de la novela. Sin embargo, esta sencillez es solo aparente, ya que la novela procede de forma inteligente a través de la presentación de algunos indicios y pistas que conducirán a una epifanía final, al que sigue un gesto destructivo y resolutivo, acto ampliamente justificado por las premisas. El final es digno de una tragedia griega: domina la fatalidad, los destinos intricados protagonizados por humanos ignorantes e, inevitablemente, la muerte se torna necesaria para saciar la sed de una venganza justa.
Donde habitan los sonidos olvidados
Authors: Martínez Cárceles Ibán
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo tiene como principal objetivo mostrar las tramas sociales de algunas de las fábricas de conserva vegetal de la Región de Murcia durante el primer franquismo (1939-1959) y reflexionar cómo han sido ocultas por la memoria institucional. Para ello, se tienen en cuenta los aspectos legislativos pero sobre todo se parte de la memoria oral de algunas de las trabajadoras. De ese modo relatamos la amalgama de alegrías y penas de las trabajadoras, mostrando las violencias ejercidas por aquellos que ejercen el poder. También expondremos cómo a través del canto las obreras podían realizar determinadas réplicas a algunos de los discursos sostenidos por quienes ejercían la violencia. Por último, en las conclusiones reflexionaremos sobre cómo han sido ocultados algunos lugares en los relatos históricos.
Música para una venganza. Racismo, violación y asesinato
Authors: Pérez García Lucía
Published: December 2020

El western del director americano John Sturges, El último tren de Gun Hill (1959), cuenta la historia de la venganza de un hombre por la violación y asesinato de su mujer, perteneciente a una tribu de indios norteamericanos. En él, la música compuesta por Dimitri Tiomkin -en su tercera colaboración con el cineasta- juega un papel fundamental a la hora de configurar la narrativa. Para ello, el compositor utiliza de nuevo el sistema monotemático que tanto éxito le reportara en la década de los cincuenta y en el anterior western dirigido por Sturges, Duelo de titanes (1957), convirtiéndolo en referente de la música cinematográfica del género del Oeste desde su trabajo en Solo ante el peligro (Fred Zinnemann, 1952). A través del análisis musical de la partitura y el guion, y de su comparación con la música de otras dos películas en las que el compositor se enfrentó musicalmente al tema de la violación, se comprueba como la totalidad de la partitura de El último tren de Gun Hill pone voz a la mujer ultrajada, siendo ella la que guía, a través de las diferentes características y variaciones del tema principal, las acciones del protagonista masculino. De esta forma, se confirma la capacidad de Dimitri Tiomkin para resaltar a los personajes femeninos de sus películas, ya sean estos secundarios o protagonistas; así como la posibilidad de tratar cuestiones tan graves como la violación, el asesinato, la venganza e incluso el racismo, desde diferentes puntos de vista a través de la música cinematográfica.
El género del Uruguay en disputa entre el avance del feminismo y su reacción
Authors: Cortés Inés
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo intenta poner al descubierto una discusión ideológica solapada en torno a las conquistas en materia de derechos vinculadas a la agenda de género en el Uruguay contemporáneo. Frente al avance de los movimientos feministas y sus discursos, y como contrapartida se han dado visibilidad en la arena pública, medios e instituciones de gran impacto social los discursos pertenecientes a la reacción antifeminista: el denominado backlash antifeminista en términos de Faludi  (1991). 

Frente a la discusión concreta en torno a la Guia Sexual de Primaria de Uruguay, y tomando a ésta como punto de partida mostraré cómo los discursos de reacción antifeminista nunca se fueron, no se encuentran en posiciones subalternas y de hecho se siguen ejerciendo desde lugares de gran poder social como lo es la Iglesia católica y los medios de prensa, ambos ámbitos donde las condiciones de escucha de los interlocutores son muchas veces “obligadas”. Por último, es interesante cómo estos actores se refieren a las cuestiones referidas al feminismo y la denominada “nueva agenda de derechos” con el término ideología de género, y el intento de “demonización” de estos movimientos.
Putas, histéricas y maricones
Authors: Terrón Barroso Antonio
Published: December 2020

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es denunciar la presencia de diferentes formas verbales de violencia de género en reseñas cinematográficas publicadas en Filmaffinity.com por las personas usuarias de esta web que se han identificado como españolas en sus perfiles. Además, se pretende explorar el uso y la frecuencia de construcciones peyorativas, insultos y apodos ligados a la identidad de género. Para ello se ha compilado y analizado cualitativa y cuantitativamente un corpus de 376.285 palabras procedentes de 1.472 reseñas. Todas las reseñas están basadas en 20 largometrajes de ficción coproducidos por España junto a Reino Unido y/o Estados Unidos entre 2005 y 2015 que cuentan en su reparto con al menos una actriz o actor españoles. De las 1.472 reseñas analizadas, 105 (7,1%) contienen al menos un ejemplo de construcción peyorativa, de insulto o de apodo ligados a la identidad de género. Por categorías, se han encontrado insultos en 18 reseñas (1,2%), apodos en 32 (2,2%) y construcciones peyorativas en 56 (3,8%). Los insultos más comunes califican a los sujetos femeninos como prostitutas (83,3%) y a los masculinos como homosexuales (16,7%). Las construcciones peyorativas giran en torno a la concepción de la homosexualidad como anormal (10,7%) y, en el caso de sujetos femeninos, como carentes de valor, seriedad y control (67,8%) por un lado y como objetos (21,4%) por el otro. La fuerte carga misógina, homofóbica y heteronormativa encontrada en este estudio pone de manifiesto la necesidad de seguir impulsando políticas activas que consigan erradicar cualquier forma de violencia de género de la sociedad española. Además, sería necesario crear mecanismos de control que impidieran que este tipo de violencia siguiese encontrando en el anonimato que ofrecen Internet y las redes sociales un canal mediante el que seguir normalizando su discurso discriminatorio, especialmente entre los sectores de la población más expuestos a sus mensajes como los y las jóvenes.
Violencia, amor romántico y perversión en “Baviolada” de Rocío Silva Santisteban
Authors: Leonardo-Loayza Richard
Published: December 2020

Rocío Silva Santisteban (Lima, 1963) es autora del poemario Las hijas del terror (2007). Este libro aborda la situación complicada que las mujeres tuvieron que afrontar como víctimas de la violencia política que arrasó el Perú en la década de los 80. En dicha situación las mujeres se vieron violentadas tanto por los movimientos subversivos como por los aparatos de represión estatal. Silva Santisteban se propone narrar este horror desde la perspectiva de las propias mujeres, posicionadas como víctimas en estos enfrentamientos políticos. Un ejemplo de lo que se afirma es “BAvioLADA”, poema integrante del mencionado libro. El propósito de este artículo es analizar «BAvioLADA», uno de los poemas más representativos de Las hijas del terror. La hipótesis que se desea demostrar es que en este texto se presenta una puesta en escena del tratamiento que experimentó la mujer en el contexto de la guerra interna, en la que fue reducida a un objeto sexual, no solo por los miembros de los movimientos subversivos, sino por los integrantes de las Fuerzas Armadas del Perú.
Paisaje y videoarte en la era del Antropoceno: el paisaje ecologista
Authors: Sanz Martín Cristina
Published: December 2020

Desde los sesenta, el paisaje ha experimentado un resurgimiento en el arte, sin embargo, se sigue representando e interpretando, principalmente, a través de los códigos pictóricos heredados de la tradición paisajística moderna. Tras analizar el panorama artístico contemporáneo, y, en particular, las propuestas videoartísticas, hemos detectado el surgimiento de un nuevo paisaje que se adapta a los códigos formales y conceptuales que representan a la sociedad de su tiempo, como, por ejemplo, la imagen en movimiento, el lenguaje audiovisual o la sensación inmersiva. Así como a las preocupaciones que turban a la sociedad contemporánea. Este trabajo trata sobre las prácticas que aúnan videoarte y paisaje, particularizando en aquellas que se centran en el –que hemos denominado– paisaje “ecologista”.
Fray Agustín de Otero. Monje cisterciense y arquitecto en la Galicia del Barroco
Authors: Gómez Darriba Javier , Pita Galán Paula
Published: December 2020

Fray Agustín de Otero (ca.1675-1730) fue un monje cisterciense perteneciente al monasterio de Santa María de Sobrado (A Coruña) que ejerció como arquitecto y aparejador en Galicia durante el primer tercio del siglo XVIII. Inició su carrera de lego constructor trabajando para su propio cenobio. En 1717 fue reclamado en Mondoñedo por el obispo fray Juan Muñoz y Salcedo para diseñar la renovación de la fachada de la catedral. A partir de entonces el prelado le confió otros proyectos en la ciudad como la reforma del palacio episcopal, la traza de una traída de aguas y de una fuente monumental, y también la de su propio sepulcro. Puesto que su figura apenas resulta conocida por la historiografía, en el presente trabajo abordaremos su biografía, carrera profesional y personalidad artística.
A Real-world Experience of the Safety and Efficacy of Non-vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation— A Single-centre Retrospective Cohort Study in Singapore
Authors: Tiew Wen Jun , Wong Vivien LX , Tan Vern Hsen , Tan Yong Chuan , Lee Elena MS
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were shown to have better outcomes than warfarin for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Given limited local real-world data, this study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NOACs versus warfarin for NVAF in Singapore. Methods: This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 439 patients ≥ 21 years old that were newly prescribed with oral anticoagulants (OACs) for NVAF in 2015. Follow-ups for patients upon OAC initiation lasted either for 2 years or until the occurrence of bleeding or thromboembolism event or death (whichever was earlier). Primary endpoints included major bleeding and stroke, while secondary endpoints included overall bleeding and thromboembolic events. Time-to-events was evaluated via Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Data on time in therapeutic range (TTR) and compliance were analysed. Results: Patients were assigned to 4 groups: warfarin (157, 35.8%), rivaroxaban (154, 35.1%), apixaban (98, 22.3%) and dabigatran (30, 6.8%). With a mean age of 70.8 (±10.8) years old, the population were predominantly males (56.5%) and comprised Chinese (73.8%), Malays (18.7%) and others (7.5%). The rates of stroke per year were 0.7%, 1.7%, 2.2% and 0% for warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban and dabigatran, respectively (P=0.411), whereas those of major bleeding were 2.7%, 1.4%, 2.2% and 0% (P=0.560). As compared to warfarin, no significant differences were observed for risks of stroke and of major bleeding for rivaroxaban (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 4.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68–26.05, P=0.124 and adjusted HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.12–1.59, P=0.207) and apixaban (adjusted HR 5.33, 95% CI 0.85–33.34, P=0.074 and adjusted HR 1.54, 95% CI 0.39–6.15, P=0.538). Mean TTR was 68.8% (±24.3%) for warfarin. Compliance rates for rivaroxaban, apixaban, and dabigatran were 56.6%, 59.2%, and 44.8% respectively (P=0.177). Conclusion: NOACs were associated with similar stroke and major bleeding rates as warfarin for NVAF. Keywords: Anticoagulant, Asian, atrial fibrillation, compliance, haemorrhage, thrombosis
Trends and Clinical Outcomes in Young-onset Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Goh Serene SN , Loo Edith XL , Lee Daniel JK
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Young individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) tend to be diagnosed at advanced stages and are not routinely included in screening programmes. This study describes the incidence, disease pattern and factors affecting overall survival in young- onset CRC. Methods: A retrospective study of young-onset CRC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2017 in a tertiary hospital was conducted. Results: There were 99 patients, 69.7% had left-sided while 30.3% had right-sided CRC. The mean age was 43.3 years (43.3±5.0) and 62 patients (62.6%) were male. The incidence of young-onset CRC has been on the rise since 2014. Out of 99 patients, 65 (65.7%) underwent elective surgery, 30 (30.3%) underwent emergency surgery and the remainder 5 (4.0%) were palliated. The most common presenting complaints for patients who underwent elective surgery were abdominal pain, per-rectal bleeding and altered bowel habits. For patients who required emergency surgery, 20 (66.6%) presented with intestinal obstruction and 10 (33.3%) had intestinal perforation. There were 42 (42.4%) stage III CRC and 20 (20.2%) stage IV CRC. The most frequent metastatic site was the liver (20/20, 100%). Five patients had signet ring cells (5.1%) in their histology while 15 (15.2%) had mucinous features. The overall 5-year survival of young-onset CRC was 82.0%. Advanced overall stage (hazard ratio (HR) 6.1, CI 1.03–3.62) and signet ring histology (HR 34.2, CI 2.24–5.23) were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Young-onset CRC tend to be left-sided with advanced presentations. However, their 5-year survival remains favourable as compared to the general population. Keywords: Colorectal screening in the young, early-onset colorectal cancer, signet ring cell colorectal cancer
CONSTITUCIONALIDADE DA LEI 12.970, DE 8 DE MAIO DE 2014
Authors: Barreto Régis Vinícius Silva , Mesquita Ivan Muniz de
Published: December 2020

Partindo-se do pressuposto que a ocorrência de um acidente aéreo tem impacto sobre muitas pessoas em território nacional e que as investigações para fins de prevenção de acidentes aeronáuticos têm um caráter especial pela capacidade de preservar vidas humanas, obviamente sem excluir a importância das demais investigações que também representam o interesse Estatal e/ou particular, os dados factuais obtidos nas investigações Sistema de Investigação e Prevenção de Acidentes Aeronáuticos (SIPAER) podem e devem ser compartilhados com as demais autoridades interessadas. As prerrogativas dadas ao SIPAER pela Lei 12.970/14 geraram questionamentos quanto à sua validade constitucional, o que ensejou a feitura deste trabalho, com o objetivo de analisar em que aspectos a doutrina jurídica aplicável ao SIPAER contribuiu para sustentar a constitucionalidade da Lei 12.970/14, perante o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, entre o seu surgimento e o final do ano de 2017. Desta feita, o método utilizado foi a identificação na doutrina jurídica brasileira dos fundamentos principiológicos aplicáveis à atividade do SIPAER, bem como a observância do critério de dissociação entre regras e princípios de Ávila (2015), chamado de “natureza do comportamento prescrito” para explicar o “estado de coisas” idealizado e a ponderação normativa, quando eventualmente ocorrer um conflito de interesses entre as autoridades investigativas. Como resultado da pesquisa que ora se apresenta, foi visto que há adequação aos ditames constitucionais pela obediência a princípios do direito pátrio, o que corroborou a hipótese proposta e permitiu concluir que simples coordenações interinstitucionais são suficientes para harmonizar o bom andamento dos trabalhos investigativos de quaisquer dos ofícios, sem prejuízo a nenhum deles.
IMPORTÂNCIA DA REFORMA GOLDWATER-NICHOLS PARA A EVOLUÇÃO DA INTEROPERABILIDADE NAS FORÇAS ARMADAS DOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMÉRICA
Authors: Pires Gustavo Calero Garriga , Honorato Hercules Guimarães , Costa Rejane Pinto
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem o propósito de analisar a importância da Reforma Goldwater-Nichols, aprovada em 1986, visando identificar elementos que se sobressaem na evolução da interoperabilidade das forças armadas dos Estados Unidos da América. O problema que nos norteou foi: em que medida a Reforma em lide proporcionou a evolução da interoperabilidade das Forças Armadas dos Estados Unidos da América? Esta é uma pesquisa teórica de cunho qualitativo, de caráter descritivo, bibliográfico e documental. O estudo aborda as razões históricas pelas quais os Estados Unidos realizaram tão profunda reorganização em seu Departamento de Defesa, com o advento da Reforma Goldwater-Nichols, uma vez que ela foi originada fora do âmbito castrense, especificamente no Congresso dos EUA. Espera-se que essa pesquisa seja relevante à Defesa Nacional, uma vez que são expostas características marcantes do processo de interoperabilidade dos EUA, nação amiga e que detém as forças armadas mais poderosas da atualidade. Devido ao seu caráter ímpar de ser uma iniciativa parlamentar, contrária aos interesses dos militares na ocasião, é demonstrada sua gênese e, posteriormente, seus quatro principais pontos de atuação: (i) o papel da Junta de Chefes de Estado-Maior; (ii) o reforço na autoridade dos Comandantes Combatentes Unificados; (iii) a criação de um sistema educacional próprio para o desenvolvimento dos oficiais e subalternos para atuação na arena conjunta; e (iv) a valorização dos militares que servem em comandos conjuntos.
SUBMARINOS E SUBMARINISTAS
Authors: Moura José Augusto Abreu de , Baptista Ana Fernanda Moreira
Published: December 2020

A capacidade de operar invisível e silenciosamente torna os submarinos uma das armas mais valiosas do mundo contemporâneo. Possuir uma força de submarinos poderosa é uma demonstraçāo da existência de um Poder Naval forte e estruturado. Contudo, grande parte do valor de um submarino reside nas pessoas que o tripulam, assegurando o correto e oportuno funcionamento dos sistemas. Considerando que muitas atividades nele realizadas são de extrema complexidade e interdependentes, cada membro da tripulação tem um papel relevante a ser desempenhado. Assim, faz-se o seguinte questionamento: Em que medida os estressores devidos às condições e à organização do trabalho em submarinos provocam sofrimento psíquico nos tripulantes, apesar da compensação exercida pelo "ethos militar", sendo este um conceito que envolve a dedicação, o espírito de equipe e a disciplina, e do qual resulta uma maior resiliência. Em face do exposto, o presente artigo buscou analisar as condições e a organização de trabalho no ambiente confinado de um submarino, visando estimar o impacto delas sobre o comportamento dos sujeitos. Para atingir tal objetivo, utilizou-se a Escala de Avaliação do Contexto de Trabalho (EACT), que é composta pelos fatores organização do trabalho, condições de trabalho e relações socioprofissionais e a Escala de Avaliação dos Danos Relacionados ao Trabalho (EADRT) que fazem parte do Inventário sobre Trabalho e Riscos de Adoecimento (ITRA), além de terem sido realizadas entrevistas não estruturadas. Como resultado, obteve-se a percepção de que o ethos militar favorece o profissional submarinista a apresentar um forte espírito de cooperação e abnegação, que o habilitam a superar desafios por meio da contínua preparação e capacitação. Houve uma baixa percepção da existência de agentes estressores no momento da pesquisa, o que permite concluir a presença de estratégias adequadas de enfrentamento (coping) que, alinhadas ao ethos militar proporcionam um melhor modo de lidar com esses estressores.
LOGÍSTICA BASEADA EM PERFORMANCE E A LOGÍSTICA MILITAR DO EXÉRCITO BRASILEIRO
Authors: França Rodrigo Lima , Checheliski Alexandre , Paim Rodrigo
Published: December 2020

O trabalho visa responder à seguinte pergunta: em que medida a Logística Baseada em Performance (PBL) pode contribuir para a otimização da logística empreendida pelo Exército Brasileiro? A necessidade de se manter o grau de operacionalidade e prontidão da Força Terrestre, considerando o quadro político e econômico desfavorável que o Brasil atravessa, sugere uma observação na forma como outros países têm feito para manter os setores de defesa alinhados com seus objetivos nacionais. O trabalho pretende, a partir do entendimento da relação entre as logísticas militar e empresarial, do conceito de PBL e das considerações para seu emprego, observadas pela adoção por outros países, atingir o objetivo geral, que é identificar os aspectos positivos e negativos que devem ser observados para adoção da Logística Baseada em Performance, servindo, assim, como mais uma ferramenta de análise desse modelo, contribuindo com os debates levados a efeito dentro do Exército Brasileiro para a interiorização dessa prática logística na Instituição militar.
The Analysis of COVID-19 Prevention Experience Using DEMATEL-Based ANP
Authors: Lee Cheng-Wen , Hu Yi Tang
Published: December 2020

This research uses the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory and Analytic Network Process (DEMATEL-Based ANP) analysis to examine the Taiwan’s experience for preventing COVID-19. We use the eight factors to fight COVID-19 as listed by Taiwan’s Ministry of Health and Welfare such as SARS experience, Central Epidemic Command Center, Information Transparency, Good resource allocation, Timely border control, Smart community transmission prevention, Advanced medical technology, Good etiquette of a citizen. The result findings present the key factors for success and their interrelationships with each other. This study would be expected as a reference for suggesting other countries those are working together to fight COVID-19.
JEL classification numbers: A10, D71, H51.
Keywords: Key success factors, COVID-19, DEMATEL-based ANP.
What a Philosopher Learned at an AI Ethics Evaluation
Authors: Brusseau James
Published: December 2020

AI ethics increasingly focuses on converting abstract principles into practical action. This case study documents nine lessons for the conversion learned while performing an ethics evaluation on a deployed AI medical device. The utilized ethical principles were adopted from the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI, and the conversion into practical insights and recommendations was accomplished by an independent team composed of philosophers, technical and medical experts.
COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes
Authors: Stall Nathan M. , Brown Kevin A. , Jones Aaron , Costa Andrew P. , Allen Vanessa , Brown Adalsteinn D. , Evans Gerald A. , Fisman David N. , Johnstone Jennie , Juni Peter , Malikov Kamil , Maltsev Antonina , McGeer Allison , Rochon Paula A. , Sander Beate , Schwartz Brian , Sinha Samir K. , Smith Kevin , Tuite Ashleigh R. , Hillmer Michael P.
Published: December 2020

Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19.
Hadis İlmi Açısından "Men Hafiza" Rivâyeti ve Manzum Kırk Hadis Geleneğine Tesiri
Authors: YÜCEER Mustafa
Published: December 2020

Hz. Peygamber’den (s) nakledilen rivayetler dine ait hükümleri bildirmekle beraber toplumsal ve kültürel bağları da etkilemiştir. Rivayetlerin tedvini ile birlikte ortaya çıkan hadis edebiyatı dinin bütün konularını kapsayan eserlerin yanında belirli konuları veya özellikleri barındıran metinler etrafında gelişmiştir. Bu eserlerden kırk hadisler, zayıf hükmü verilen bir rivayette geçen Hz. Peygamber’in şefaatine ulaşma ve fakih olarak diriltilme düşüncesiyle yaygınlık kazanmıştır. Özellikle Abdurrahman Câmî’nin etkisiyle kırk hadisler tam veya kısmî iktibasla ya da tercüme yoluyla nazma çekilerek Osmanlı döneminde manzum kırk hadis geleneği oluşmuştur.

Bu makalede zikri geçen ve zayıf kabul edilen "men hafıza" rivayeti hadis ilminin kriterlerine göre incelenmiş tespit edilen 13 sahabiden 41 farklı tariki değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca rivayette yer alan idrac ve lafız farklılıkları ile muhaddislerin bu rivayetle ilgili görüşleri dile getirilmiştir. Rivayetin muhtevasına dair yapılan tahlillerin yanı sıra Osmanlı şairleri özelinde rivayetin kırk hadis geleneğine etkisi ortaya konmuştur.