bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lactancia humana y sus implicaciones en el desarrollo
Authors: Márquez Silva Julio César
Published: September 2021

La posibilidad de crecimiento y desarrollo en el individuo no es adecuada sin un buen aporte nutricional en donde la lactancia humana es el principal sustrato para la obtención de nutrientes. La leche humana está perfectamente adaptada a los requerimientos de cada niño, según las características en cada caso y en cada individuo, cambiando incluso en el tiempo y de acuerdo con cada necesidad del desarrollo. Partiendo de que es una continuidad nutricional, la leche humana se adapta al cumplimiento del objetivo básico de la naturaleza que es llevar al individuo a un buen desarrollo integral.
Kontribusi dan Dinamika Kehidupan Muslim di Republik Yaman (Kajian Sejarah Dakwah)
Authors: Faridah Faridah , Yusuf Muhammad , Wahyudi Raden Firdaus
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini mengungkap tentang Kontribusi dan Dinamika Kehidupan Muslim di Republik Yaman (Kajian Sejarah Dakwah), ada tiga aspek yang menjadi bahan analisis dalam hal ini yakni sejarah kedatangan Islam di Republik Yaman, terjadinya konflik di Republik Yaman dan kontribusi peradaban Islam Republik Yaman bagi dunia. Kedatangan Islam di Yaman terjadi pada masa pemerintahan Gubernur Persia Badhan . Islam masuk ke Yaman bermula pada tahun 630 M. Nabi Muhammad SAW mengutus Ali bin Abi Thalib RA saudara sepupu sekaligus menantunya ke Sana'a dan sekitarnya untuk menyampaikan syiar Islam. Namun, kehidupan di Republik Yaman diwarnai oleh konflik yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor dan kepentingan termasuk ekonomi, sosial, agama dan politik. Meskipun demikian Republik Yaman memberikan kontribusi yang sangat besar bagi peradaban dunia yakni mentransfer banyak pengetahuan, berpartisipasi dalam mendirikan kota dan membangun benteng, serta pembangunan istana dan keterampilan lainnya. Di samping itu penduduk Republik Yaman terlibat aktif di kancah kemiliteran pada masa kekhalifahan, mereka turut berpartisipasi dalam ekspedisi perluasan wilayah Islam yang berakhir sukses.
Retroactividad de la Ley Penal
Authors: RICRA MAYO HEBERT GREGORIO
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo académico, tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis respecto de la eficacia de las medidas de protección, específicamente en temas de violencia intrafamiliar, las consecuencias que trae consigo un mal uso de las medidas de protección y la falta de un seguimiento oportuno por parte del Estado ecuatoriano. Es importante recalcar que, el Estado como garante de derechos es el encargado de velar por la seguridad y la integridad de la familia ecuatoriana, así como, de resguardar sus derechos y garantías constitucionales; pues, es evidente que en nuestro medio la violencia familiar es un tema que crece a pasos agigantados día a día, y es por ello precisamente que se hace necesaria la oportuna actuación del Estado ecuatoriano.
Research on Operating Efficiency of Security Companies Based on Super-Efficiency DEA-Malmquist Index
Authors: He Lu , Huang Guohui , Xie Wenjing , Zeng Qianling , Pan Dr. Wen-Tsao
Published: September 2021

In China’s economic system, security companies are important participants, and their high operating efficiency can improve the country’s economy. Based on the traditional CCR-DEA model, this paper uses super-efficiency DEA model and MALMQUIST index model to analyze the operational efficiency of 10 listed security companies in China from 2016 to 2020, it is found that the operating efficiency of security companies as a whole has a slight upward trend, and the improvement of business efficiency depends on technical efficiency, and relates to pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.
BIOMECÂNICA DO MOVIMENTO: CONCEITOS APLICADOS NA PRÁTICA
Authors: Godoy Barros Regis , Meneghetti Luciana , de Oliveira Gonçalves Karina
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a elaboração e aplicação do componente curricular Eletiva - Biomecânica do Movimento. A eletiva é uma componente curricular pertencente a parte diversificada do currículo que, combina conhecimentos de áreas distintas, promovendo a interdisciplinaridade. A Biomecânica do Movimento relaciona conhecimentos e habilidades de Física e Educação Física, promovendo a experimentação e ao aprofundamento dos objetos do conhecimento.  Para a elaboração da eletiva, foram levantadas as habilidades que poderiam ser relacionadas as duas áreas do conhecimento, como a biomecânica, além da tecnologia envolvida nos esportes, mostrando também a física aplicada. As aulas foram ministradas para os estudantes do ensino médio de uma escola estadual pertencente ao Programa de Ensino Integral (PEI). A formação da eletiva contou com a participação de estudantes das três séries do ensino médio, agrupados de maneira mista. Os estudantes optaram por estudar os conceitos de biomecânica e velocidade  fazendo o uso da bicicleta, equipamento muito utilizado por eles como meio de transporte e lazer. A eletiva foi realizada entre os meses de abril e julho de maneira online (videoconferência), com um encontro presencial em meados do mês de maio, para coleta de dados e registros fotográficos. Os resultados obtidos foram importantes, pois motivaram os estudantes e promoveram uma aprendizagem significativas dos objetos educacionais selecionados na eletiva.
DESAFIOS NA COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DE PRODUTOS DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR PARA O PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE ALIMENTAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Maciel de Sousa Cardoso Elizabete , Resende Gonçalves de Carvalho Cecília Maria , Morais Elaine Carvalho de , Sousa Mickael de Paiva , Rebêlo Sampaio da Paz Suzana Maria , Santos Marize Melo dos
Published: September 2021

Esse estudo analisou os desafios enfrentados pelos atores sociais do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar na comercialização de gêneros da agricultura familiar em Territórios Piauienses. Estudo transversal incluindo quinze municípios que integram os territórios, Serra da Capivara e Vale do Sambito. A seleção dos municípios se baseou nos percentuais de compras da agricultura familiar, nos exercícios, 2017 e 2018. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas, com gestores e/ou nutricionistas, secretário de agricultura e agricultores. Os dados foram digitados em planilha do programa Microsoft Office Excel e analisados no pacote estatístico Stata versão 12. A análise de associação entre os territórios e as variáveis independentes foram avaliadas por teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson (x2) e teste exato de Fisher. Foram destacadas como dificuldades enfrentadas por gestores e/ou nutricionistas, a articulação entre os atores sociais, cumprimento do cronograma de entrega dos gêneros e elaboração do projeto de venda por parte dos agricultores. Identificou-se que os gestores conhecem a produção local, no entanto, a consideram insuficiente e com pouca variedade de produtos. Foi destacado pelos agricultores entraves no funcionamento do Selo de Inspeção municipal, ausência de Projeto de Lei e/ou Decreto de Criação, na maioria dos municípios, além de baixa produtividade ou irregularidade da oferta dos gêneros, seguida de burocracias e escassez de informações para aderir ao programa. Torna-se necessária atuação conjunta entre os atores e a execução de ações intersetoriais para a oferta e demanda de produtos da agricultura familiar, que favoreça o alcance dos objetivos do PNAE.
MODO DE APLICAÇÃO E DOSES DE ADUBO DE SEMEADURA EM MILHO SEGUNDA SAFRA
Authors: Cadore Ederson , Lima Sebastião Ferreira de
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar modos de aplicação e doses do adubo de semeadura no milho de segunda safra. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo 2 doses (207 e 320kg ha-1) do formulado (09-26-12) e quatro modos de distribuição do adubo: semeadora adubadora com disco duplo na profundidade de 17 cm, haste com 27 cm de profundidade, cano condutor do adubo direcionado sobre o sulco de semeadura aberto e adubação a lanço. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento e da espiga, componentes de produção e produtividade de grãos de milho. A dose mais alta do formulado proporcionou maior massa de mil grãos, massa de grãos por espiga e produtividade de grãos. A menor dose do formulado proporcionou as maiores médias na massa de mil grãos e massa de grãos por espiga quando o adubo foi distribuído a lanço. A maior dose do formulado resultou nas maiores médias para massa de mil grãos, massa de grãos por espiga e produtividade de grãos, com o uso de haste de 27 cm de profundidade. Conclui-se que o uso do sistema de distribuição a lanço associado com as maiores doses de adubo formulado, proporcionou plantas com maior altura e diâmetro de espiga. O uso de haste com 27 cm de profundidade associado a maior dose de formulado aumentam componentes de produção e produtividade na cultura do milho segunda safra.
PELATIHAN PEER COUNSELOR DAN PENGENALAN MEDIA PROMOTIF UNTUK PEER COUNSELOR
Authors: Akbar Resti Rahmadika , Triyana Rahma , Adelin Prima
Published: September 2021

Medical students as early adults have different challenges from high school, especially medical students. Based on the results of the previous study, it was found that medical students experienced anxiety, stress, and even depression with various levels. Ranging from mild to moderate-severe. Various efforts have been made, starting with increasing early detection of students from the first year, to the training stage to increase the role of academic advisory lecturers, to solving student problems that are sent to the counseling guidance section. The purpose of this training is that peer guidance services can be used as a form of guidance and counseling services provided to adolescents or early adults who have low social interaction. Before the training, it was started with the selection stage for peer counselors using an empathy questionnaire, based on the results of the questionnaire 28 students were found to be candidates for peer counselors. The training begins with a pretest then presentation material and case discussions then end with a post-test. Based on the results of the pre-test and post-test, there was an increase in knowledge about peer counselors, their roles, the benefits of counseling, and media that can be used as promotions as part of the peer counselor's duties. It is hoped that from this training, students can increase the role of assistance to students from the early stages so that severe cases experienced by students both in terms of academic and non-academic can be resolved.
PENYULUHAN PENTINGNYA KONSUMSI BUAH DAN SAYUR PADA MASA PENDEMI COVID-19 DI SDI AL-AZHAR 2 JAKARTA
Authors: Dianah Rosyda Dianah , Naufal Rosyidi Muhammad , Adhanuraina Annisa
Published: September 2021

Sayur dan buah adalah  sumber  utama  dari  vitamin  dan  mineral  bagi tubuh yang berguna untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh karena mengandung antioksidan. Beberapa vitamin dan mineral yang mempunyai peran sebagai antioksidan, di antaranya adalah vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, zat besi, dan zinc. Zat  tersebut  penting untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh di masa pandemic COVID-19 sebagai pencegahan tubuh terhadap virus. Tujuan kegiatan  ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan dan kesadaran tentang pentingnya penerapan Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang terutama dalam mengonsumsi buah dan sayur untuk mewujudkan Gizi Seimbang pada siswa Sekolah Dasar Islam Al Azhar 2. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan secara online dengan materi power point, menampilkan video, memberikan e-Booklet serta pengisian kuesioner pre dan post. Penyuluhan diikuti oleh 8 orang guru dan 110 orang murid dengan antusias dan mengisi kuesioner dengan lengkap. Hasil penyuluhan ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil post-test para peserta mengalami peningkatan nilai sebesar 11,75 % dibanding hasil pre-test sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya  perubahan peningkatan kognitif dan antusiasme dari peserta penyuluhan. Murid-murid pun menjadi lebih semangat untuk mengonsumsi sayur dan buah.
Literature Review on Cloud Application
Authors: Swetha N. , Divya Dr. V.
Published: September 2021

The software that runs its processing logic is a cloud application. In this the data is stored between two systems: client-side and server-side. End-users local hardware and remote server is also a part where some processing is done. However, most data storage exists on a remote server which is one of the major perk of using cloud application. In some cases a local device with no storage space is built with cloud application. Using web browser cloud application interacts with its users; this facility makes the organizations to switch their infrastructure to the cloud for gaining the benefit of digital transformations. In cloud applications it is easier for the clients to move or manage their data safely and it also provides the flexibility required for the emerging organizations to sustain in the digital market. As the cloud applications are emerged with sophistication many papers were employed on its branches. This research paper emphasizes on the evolution and long-term trends of cloud applications. Findings from the paper enable the enterprise with perplexity to decide on adopting cloud.
Women Participation in Physical Education and Sports: An Overview
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Dr. Kishore
Published: September 2021

The status of women in society has been at the center of conversations for decades. The concepts of women’s empowerment, gender mainstreaming, gender equality, and gender equity have been identified as key drivers for promoting women’s quality of life. In the ancient Olympic games women were not permitted to participate, even they were not allowed to watch the games. The total concept has changed now a days. The summer Olympic and Paralympic Games appear to be settings where female athletes have reached near parity with men. At the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio, female athletes accounted for 45% of the participants, an all-time high, achieving the goal set by former International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Jacques Rogge, which he predicted would occur by 2008. The present history based article deals with various corner of women participant in competitive sports till now.
Metal Oxide Thin Film Transistor with Nano Inorganic Gate Dielectric : Material Chemistry, Nanoscience, Solution Processing and Electronics
Authors:   School of Freshman Engineering, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Raj A. Kanni
Published: September 2021

Indium Lead Oxide (ILO) based Metal Oxide Thin Film Transistor (MOTFT) is fabricated with Lead Barium Zirconate (PBZ) gate dielectric. PBZ is formed over doped silicon substrate by cheap sol-gel process. Thin film PBZ is analysed with X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultra-Violet Visible Spectra (UV-Vis) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). IZO is used as bottom gate to contact Thin Film Transistor (TFT). This device needs only 5V as operating voltage, and so is good for lower electronics <40V. It shows excellent emobility 4.5cm2/V/s, with on/off ratio 5×105 and sub-threshold swing 0.35V/decade.
Risperidone for Extended-Release Injectable Suspension (Perseris)
Authors: Reimbursement Team
Published: September 2021

CADTH recommends that Perseris should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults if certain conditions are met.

Perseris should be covered by public drug plans in a similar manner to other long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of adults with schizophrenia.

Perseris should only be reimbursed if the total monthly dose is not more than 120 mg and is not used in combination with other long-acting injectable antipsychotic drugs. Perseris should not cost more than other long-acting injectable (LAI) atypical antipsychotic drugs.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN POWER OF TWO SISWA DI KELAS X SMA NEGERI 1 NA IX – X TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: SURYATININGSIH F. FAJAR
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan peserta didik kelas X IPA-2 SMA Negeri 1 NA IX – X Aek Kotabatu melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Power Of Two . Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas 2 (dua) siklus yang setiap siklus terdiri atas 4 (empat) tahapan. Siklus I dan II masing-masing terdiri dari 5 kali pertemuan . Hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Power Of Two menjadi meningkat . Sebelum dilaksanakan tindakan kelas nilai rata-rata mata pelajaran siswa di kelas X adalah 60,01 dengan simpangan baku 12,80 . Setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I nilai hasil belajar siswa rata-rata menjadi 7 1,50 dan standar deviasi 7,25 . Demikian pula pada siklus II rata-rata hasil belajar siswa terjadi peningkatan , yaitu 80,07 berada pada katagori baik dengan simpangan baku 7,21 . Sebelum dilakukan tindakan kategori rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada katagori rendah dengan tingkat ketuntasan 37,5% dari 40 orang siswa ada 15 orang yang tuntas . Pada siklus I setelah dilakukan tindakan hasil belajar siswa yang berada pada katagori sedang dengan tingkat ketuntasan 85% , dari 34 orang yang tuntas dari 40 siswa . Pada siklus II setelah dilaksanakan tindakan lebih lanjut sebagai hasil dari refleksi siklus I hasil belajar siswa berada pada katagori tinggi , nilai rata-rata menjadi 80,07 dengan presentase tingkat ketuntasan 97,5 %
Laboratory and field studies of ice-nucleating particles from open-lot livestock facilities in Texas
Authors: Hiranuma Naruki , Auvermann Brent W. , Belosi Franco , Bush Jack , Cory Kimberly M. , Georgakopoulos Dimitrios G. , Höhler Kristina , Hou Yidi , Lacher Larissa , Saathoff Harald , Santachiara Gianni , Shen Xiaoli , Steinke Isabelle , Ullrich Romy , Umo Nsikanabasi S. , Vepuri Hemanth S. K. , Vogel Franziska , Möhler Ottmar
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In this work, an abundance of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) from livestock
facilities was studied through laboratory measurements from cloud-simulation chamber experiments and field investigation in the Texas Panhandle. Surface
materials from two livestock facilities, one in the Texas Panhandle and
another from McGregor, Texas, were selected as dust proxies for laboratory
analyses. These two samples possessed different chemical and biological
properties. A combination of aerosol interaction and dynamics in the
atmosphere (AIDA) measurements and offline ice spectrometry was used to
assess the immersion freezing mode ice nucleation ability and efficiency of
these proxy samples at temperatures above −29 ∘C. A dynamic
filter processing chamber was also used to complement the freezing
efficiencies of submicron and supermicron particles collected from the AIDA
chamber. For the field survey, periodic ambient particle sampling took place
at four commercial livestock facilities from July 2017 to July 2019. INP
concentrations of collected particles were measured using an offline
freezing test system, and the data were acquired for temperatures between −5 and −25 ∘C. Our AIDA laboratory results showed that the freezing spectra of two
livestock dust proxies exhibited higher freezing efficiency than previously
studied soil dust samples at temperatures below −25 ∘C. Despite
their differences in composition, the freezing efficiencies of both proxy
livestock dust samples were comparable to each other. Our dynamic filter
processing chamber results showed on average approximately 50 %
supermicron size dominance in the INPs of both dust proxies. Thus, our
laboratory findings suggest the importance of particle size in immersion
freezing for these samples and that the size might be a more important factor for immersion freezing of livestock dust than the composition. From a
3-year field survey, we measured a high concentration of ambient INPs of 1171.6 ± 691.6 L−1 (average ± standard error) at −25 ∘C for aerosol particles collected at the downwind edges of
livestock facilities. An obvious seasonal variation in INP concentration,
peaking in summer, was observed, with the maximum at the same temperature exceeding 10 000 L−1 on 23 July 2018. The observed high INP
concentrations suggest that a livestock facility is a substantial source of
INPs. The INP concentration values from our field survey showed a strong
correlation with measured particulate matter mass concentration, which
supports the importance of size in ice nucleation of particles from
livestock facilities.
Intercomparison of O2 ∕ N2 ratio scales among AIST, NIES, TU, and SIO based on a round-robin exercise using gravimetric standard mixtures
Authors: Aoki Nobuyuki , Ishidoya Shigeyuki , Tohjima Yasunori , Morimoto Shinji , Keeling Ralph F. , Cox Adam , Takebayashi Shuichiro , Murayama Shohei
Published: September 2021

Abstract. A study was conducted to compare the δ(O2/N2)
scales used by four laboratories engaged in atmospheric δ(O2/N2) measurements. These laboratories are the Research
Institute for Environmental Management Technology, Advanced Industrial
Science and Technology (EMRI/AIST); the National Institute for Environmental
Studies (NIES); Tohoku University (TU); and Scripps Institution of
Oceanography (SIO). Therefore, five high-precision standard mixtures for the
O2 molar fraction gravimetrically prepared by the National Metrology
Institute of Japan, AIST (NMIJ/AIST) with a standard uncertainty of
less than 5 per meg (0.001 ‰) were used as round-robin standard mixtures. EMRI/AIST,
NIES, TU, and SIO reported the analyzed values of the standard mixtures on
their own δ(O2/N2) scales, and the values were compared
with the δ(O2/N2) values gravimetrically determined by
NMIJ/AIST (the NMIJ/AIST scale). The δ(O2/N2) temporal
drift in the five standard mixtures during the intercomparison experiment
from May 2017 to March 2020 was corrected based on the δ(O2/N2) values analyzed before and after the laboratory
measurements by EMRI/AIST. The scales are compared based on offsets in zero
and span. The relative span offsets of EMRI/AIST, TU, NIES, and SIO scales
against the NMIJ/AIST scale were -0.11%±0.10%, -0.10%±0.13%,
3.39 %±0.13 %, and 0.93 %±0.10 %, respectively. The largest
offset corresponded to a 0.30 Pg yr−1 decrease and increase in global
estimates for land biospheric and oceanic CO2 uptakes based on trends
in atmospheric CO2 and δ(O2/N2). The deviations in
the measured δ(O2/N2) values on the laboratory scales from
the NMIJ/AIST scale are 65.8±2.2, 425.7±3.1, 404.5±3.0, and 596.4±2.4 per meg for EMRI/AIST, TU, NIES, and SIO,
respectively. The difference between atmospheric δ(O2/N2)
values observed at Hateruma Island (HAT; 24.05∘ N,
123.81∘ E), Japan, by EMRI/AIST and NIES were reduced from -329.3±6.9 to -6.6±6.8 per meg by converting their scales
to the NMIJ/AIST scale.
Les ailes de Calomnie. L’actualisation de l’allégorie de la Fama antique dans la scène 8 de l’acte II du Barbier de Séville de Beaumarchais
Authors: Triquenaux Maxime
Published: September 2021

Pourquoi la tirade dite « de la calomnie », prononcée par Don Bazile à la scène 8 de l’acte II du Barbier de Séville, est-elle devenue l’une des plus célèbres du théâtre de Beaumarchais ? On cherchera à répondre à cette question en montrant comment ce texte parvient à traiter d’une thématique résolument d’actualité dans le dernier quart du xviiie siècle tout en s’appuyant sur une figure allégorique appartenant au répertoire esthétique le plus traditionnel. La calomnie peinte par Bazile apparaît en effet comme l’actualisation de la Fama antique telle qu’elle a été forgée par Virgile ou Ovide au siècle d’Auguste. En inscrivant son propos dans cette très ancienne grammaire formelle, Beaumarchais semble réinscrire ce grand mal du xviiie siècle dans une histoire bien plus longue, et donner d’autant plus de puissance expressive à son propos.
The role of thyroid stimulating hormone in the timing of thyroxin supplement after thyroid operations
Authors: Al-Khayyat Basil A. S. , Ghali Anmar Jumaa , Al-Yasseri Berq J. Hadi
Published: September 2021

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels can be measured accurately down to a very low serum concentration with an immunoassay. When the serum TSH level is in the normal range, measuring the T3 and T4 levels is redundant. The objective of this study is to study the relation of TSH levels postoperatively in thyroid surgeries with the timing for thyroxin treatment as a supplemental and suppressive therapy. A prospective cohort study was done on 84 patients underwent thyroid operations in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital from March 2010 through November 2012. Patients underwent different thyroid operations (lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy) for different thyroid pathology. Later, they were followed up by TSH assay in periods of 2, 4, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Variables were compared by using the analysis of variance, ANOVA test. P – values equal or less than 0.05 and 0.01 were considered to be statistically significant and highly significant, respectively. The mean age of patients was 43.30 ± 10.19 years. The females made the vast majority of study sample (85.7%). Patients were divided into six groups: simple colloid goiters (17 patients), multinodular goiters (32 patients), solitary thyroid nodules (11 patients), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (8 patients), Graves’ disease (8 patients) and papillary and follicular carcinomas (8 patients). The study revealed that all patients with malignant thyroid nodules (i.e. those with total thyroidectomies) and the vast majority of patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were in definite need for thyroxin treatment post-operatively. Other patients were variable in their need and timing of treatment according to the histopathological results and the type of operations. In conclusion; measurement of TSH level postoperatively is a good indicator for need of thyroxin treatment and for dose adjustment with the help of pathological results and the type of surgery.
Topical Problems of New Georgian Literature
Authors: Baladze Malkhaz
Published: September 2021

The history of new Georgian literature begins with Romanticism. Its origin was facilitated by the historical process that developed in Georgia at the beginning of the 19th century, in particular, the loss of the country's independence. The Georgian man left the field of action, he became dependent on others. Sadness and despair, in turn, gave rise to a certain spiritual loneliness in Romantic writers. Loneliness even added more judgmental character to their creativity. Questions arose about human life, destiny, its essence and purpose, which in itself gave the creations of the Romantics a philosophical character. Thus, Georgian literature has already responded to the world historical-philosophical proces, Where the problem of the place of art, starting from the era of Romanticism, permeated the entire humanitarian self-knowledge of European culture. The subject of research is also the question, what philosophy means in literature, What is the difference between philosophy and the philosophy of literature and what do they have in common, When philosophy thinks in categories, literature in artistic forms and these two forms of conveying truth are important to man. Georgian classical romanticism begins with Alexander Chavchavadze and he laid the foundation for the artistic-philosophical understanding of the events and carried out the philosophical contemplation of the essence and existence, purpose and origin of human life in excellent artistic forms;The elements of philosophical reasoning in the work of Gregory Orbeli are faint, but still appear in the last period of creation.The peak of Georgian romanticism, Nikoloz Baratashvili, takes the philosophical character of Georgian literature of that time to the highest level. The difference is that the internal philosophical discourse with Nikoloz Baratashvili goes to the highest level and not only philosophically prepares us for certain events, but, in many cases, responds to them.In the second half of the 19th century, realism further deepened the process of depicting these important issues in a highly artistic form, which is the subject of a separate study.
Literary Reception of War in the Contemporary Georgian Women’s Poetry
Authors: Gogiashvili Nino
Published: September 2021

War has been reflected in national cultures and literature of every country, as it is related to sharp and turbulent emotions. The fear of death, tension, heroic pathos and suffering, following every war, gives it esthetic value and certain romantic touch too. Georgian-Ossetian conflict, war in Abkhazia, civil war and Georgian-Russian war have clearly been reflected in the literature created at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, both in prose and poetry. In the presented report I will discuss Georgian women’s poetry, in which war is a literary reception and poems are the space for the reflection of emotions caused by war. In 2020, were published 2 volumes of the Almanac – Without Limits – which include texts by Georgian woman poets and writers, dedicated to war. Accordingly, the main literary material when preparing the report was the first, poetry volume of the aforementioned Almanac. The thesis does not consider discussion of war reception in general, in contemporary poetry, but only in the works by contemporary woman poets. There are radically different opinions on whether or not anthologies must differ according to gender and that art and its creator – artist – do not have an art-gender. It is true that art is universal and stands above any ethnic, race, religious, gender or age affiliations; however, we cannot ignore the fact that all these criteria are revealed themselves in literary works. Therefore, women’s poetry is specific and woman is always seen in its invisible nuances. In view of the research, it appeared to be very interesting and essential, how the war topic has been accepted and processed by contemporary women’s poetry. Contexts of Russian occupation, Georgian-Abkhazian and Georgian-Ossetian ethnic conflicts, civil wars, formed as the new, post-soviet stereotypes, have clearly been reflected in Georgian women’s poetry; while postmodernism has appeared to be the favorable space for ignoring the Soviet clichés.
Tolerance in Akaki Tsereteli’s Poems
Authors: Shioshvili Irma , Kakhashvili Nino
Published: September 2021

XIX century Georgian literature is quite versatile and diverse. It is the transitional period from Romanticism to Realism that is continuously accompanied by the national motive. Though, many other topics were also emphasized in literature of the mentioned period. Georgian literature beginning with its first works guards the morality. Works of XIX century Georgian creators are distinguished in that regard as well. Different ideal characters created by them are the special examples for society even today. This time the given work deals with Akaki Tsereteli’s poems. It is worth of interest as how the ideology of realist, warrior poet is compatible with the tolerant approaches, when Akaki Tsereteli is tolerant and if their characters can forgive and gain a victory over themselves. Tolerance as the moral phenomenon and its philosophical definition are also emphasized in the given work in an interesting way. All of the abovementioned matters are quite acceptable for Akaki. Great humanism and tolerance are revealed in poet’s words. After analyzing the poems given in the work it becomes clear that the poet is tolerant not only with neighbors, but also he turns out to be the most gracious one with enemies. His characters find ways for showing courage even in the war. His characters are not only heroic warriors, the poet also gives them quite a tender temper and that is the reason for becoming worthy brave man. His characters are separated from the natural things, defeat selfish forces and make such decisions in a specific moment that helps them remain humans with morality, they are right with their own conscience and it is the expression of their free will. The given work allows to conclude that Akaki Tsereteli’s poems reveal the greatest examples of tolerance and offer society the samples of humanism and morality.
Arthur Zuttner's Novel “Adjarians” and the Chorokhi Navigation Area
Authors: Chokharadze Malkhaz
Published: September 2021

Chorokhi is the main river of historical southern Georgia. Interesting background knowledge about sailing on Chorokhi was preserved by the press and the records of travelers of the last quarter of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, as well as by the collective memory of the population living by the edge of the river. Interestingly, the Chorokhi navigation area has almost never been reflected in fiction. Therefore, the work “Adjarians” by Arthur Zuttner is undoubtedly of great importance.Arthur Zuttner, an Austrian writer, lived in Georgia with his wife Bertha from 1876-1885. “Adjarians” was published in Germany in 1888, and the Georgian translation by Rusudan Ghvinepadze was published in 2007.“Adjarians” reflects the reality of southern Georgia before the Russo-Ottoman war of 1877-78. The action takes place mainly in the Chorokhi basin. The author describes the Chorokhi boat and sailing in only a few episodes, though, quite extensively. The work deals with the navigation images described by Zuttner in the novel, especially how the Chorokhi navigation area is reflected in the work and what is the relationship between the relevant episodes of the novel and the objective reality. It is obvious that the writer has deep insight into the life of the Chorokhi sailors and the local specifics of the river sailing. Obviously, Suttner's text is an artistic interpretation of reality, but it must also be noted that the navigational narrative in Suttner’s novel, with a few exceptions, accurately depicts a number of 19th century details of the Chorokhi navigation artery. Consequently, the images depicted in the novel are undoubtedly interesting for the literature lovers and the readers of fiction interested in the history or details of life.
Managing the Motivation of Customers of International Tourism Services
Authors: Aladashvili Manana
Published: September 2021

The desires and needs of tourists are often considered to be the motivation for travel. The International Tourism Survey showed that there are four main factors: culture, destinations, social contact and adventure, which influence the decision of tourists to travel in international tourism.The paper discusses the rational and emotional motives that influence tourists' travel choices and the selection of the tourism industry sector. Rational motives represent economic; Minimize risks, stability, life safety, health, property, financial resources; Comfort when arriving at the destination and compatibility of service quality with price.Emotional motives are no less important, include knowledge acquisition, success, respect and recognition, consideration of fashion trends, reputation and status.Based on the motivations of the consumers and the behavior of the people, a list of types of leisure has been formed, which is preferred by a large number of consumers:

1) rest, which has the character of restoration of rest;

2) active recreation (possibly with sports activities);

3) educational and cultural recreation;

4) Spectacular, entertaining, light rest;

5) Medical and recreational rest.

We can say that the rapid development of the travel industry today is largely due to the transformation of public consciousness. Today, in the structure of modern human values, there is a quality rest that meets his individual needs. These requirements of the modern consumer of tourism services should be taken into account in the development of tourism-related infrastructure and the tourism industry in order to develop their tourist attractiveness in different regions of the world.
New Educational Technologies and Tools in Future Teachers’ Preparing for Professional Activities in a Multicultural Society
Authors: Boychuk Yuriy , Berezhna Svitlana , Yuryeva Kateryna
Published: September 2021

Ethno-cultural diversity of the population of Ukraine actualizes the problem of preparing future teachers and educators for professional activities in a multicultural society. The legislative, normative, and conceptual framework of intercultural education in Ukraine is listed. The achievements of international organizations have been taken into account and creatively developed: UN, UNESCO, UNICEF, The Council of Europe. The author’s approach to the interpretation of the essence of intercultural competence is revealed, which provides the teacher with the ability to understand and respect the cultural diversity of modern Ukrainian society, understand its value as a resource for the development of personality and society, and use in practice the educational and socializing potential of cultural diversity. The structure of the intercultural competence is outlined, which combines personal-psychological, cognitive, procedural-activity components. The model of the formation of future teachers’ intercultural competence was developed and implemented at the H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. The model assumes the construction of the content of the process of forming intercultural competence on the basis of a comparative acquaintance of future teachers with the traditional culture of different peoples and its implementation in the educational process, pedagogical practices, extracurricular and research activities of students; the use of innovative forms, methods and techniques of work: interactive, training, game, project; purposeful impact on the emotional sphere of the student's personality (work with moral dilemmas and multimedia resources); creation of an educational environment for intercultural communication in a pedagogical university. The media resources used in the process of forming the intercultural competence of future teachers (films of the Docudays festival, cartoons of the “Lullabies of the Worldˮ project, clips of the video project “Made in Ukraineˮ, etc.), as well as digital tools (virtual interactive whiteboards Padlet, Google Jamboard, service for creating presentations and instant polls Mentimeter, an online tool for creating interactive Wordwall games).
Legal Requirements and Procedures for the Establishment and Sustainability of the Educational Space of Georgian Universities
Authors: Gigilashvili Nino , Tatulishvili Salome
Published: September 2021

Georgia’s involvement in the Bologna process has completely changed and redefined the orientation of its development and, therefore, its strategic goals. Initially, the Law of Georgia on Higher Education was drafted (adopted December 21, 2004) which regulates the process of carrying out educational and scientific-research activities by higher education institutions in Georgia, and the principles and procedures of administering and financing higher education; it also defines the procedures for establishment, reorganization of the activities and for the liquidation of all the higher education institutions, as well as principles of the authorization and accreditation of higher education institutions. The given law has set minimum standards and requirements for the establishment of higher education institutions in the education system of Georgia. On the whole, the changes made and defined in the Law on Higher Education has laid the foundation for the authorization and accreditation of higher education institutions as an essential requirement for their existence and sustainability in the common European educational area.
Internet for English Teaching
Authors: Gogilashvili Mariami
Published: September 2021

The advance of technology has made the emergence of the Internet become more and more important in language teaching and learning. For this reason, this paper addresses its discussion on the importance of the Internet use in English language teaching. this current study aims at describing how Lessons in English online can solve a number of didactic tasks: develop reading skills and abilities, using global networking materials; Improve students’ writing skills; Complete students' vocabulary; Develop students' motivation to learn English.
Development of Inclusive Education and Theoretical Concept of Values in the Higher Education System (cross-case analysis)
Authors: Chanturia Gvanca , Khatiashvili Khatia
Published: September 2021

The study of inclusive education has an early history in EU countries. It has gone through many stages in its formation from ancient times to the present day. At first the persons with disabilities were excluded from society, but today almost every country in the world agrees, that people with disabilities should live integrated in our society as it is possible. Therefore, we decided to conduct a cross-case analysis on the example of two European countries – France and Sweden.Involving persons with special educational needs in the educational process of HEI on the example of inclusive education model is not an easy process. It requires the development and application of new regulations at both, theoretical and practical levels.Authorities were interested in the problem of access to the HEI primarily in the late 20th century. However, this was accompanied with many problems. This led the public to think about who could get a higher education and who could not. It was necessary to train staff and administration, to equip universities with special equipment and prepare textbooks. This is still in the process of refinement, as not all countries can boast of a complete solution to this problem. Much has been done, but much more remains to be done.An important element in the education system is still the school, the basic level. Students come from school and get the bulk of their education there. It is noteworthy, what they got from school and what we could give them in the high school.
Impact of COVID-19 on Surgical Residency Training: Indian Perspective - A Review
Authors: Kantharia Chetan V , Pujari Sharvari , Jain Kishor
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the health delivery system. The residency training program has had a major setback, with a maximum impact on Surgical residency training. This study attempts to explore the extent of impact of COVID-19 on Surgical Residency training and the corrective measures to be taken from the trainee’s perspective.
Methods: A Questionnaire was made and response was sought from the surgical trainees. The aspects of surgical training assessed were; the impact on hands on surgical training, bed-side clinical teaching, efficacy of the alternative virtual academic program and the OSCE based assessment. Suggestions were also sought with regards to the remedial measures needed to be taken. The responses were compiled and conclusion was drawn. Statistical analysis was made using SPSS software programme.
Results: A total of 68 residents participated in the survey. Of these, 17 (25.37%) were first year residents (6 from Govt and 11 from private institute), 26 (38.23%) second year (9 from Govt and 17 from private institute), and 25 (36.76%) third year residents (10 from Govt and 15 from private institute). The responses were analysed. All respondents reported decrease in clinical workload ranging from 50 to 90 %. The reported loss of surgical experience too ranged from 50-90% depending on the seniority of the residents. Operative autonomy too was experienced by only 13.23% of respondents. Reported decrease in the Bed side clinical training ranged from 50 to 95% All the respondents reported increase and benefits of online academic sessions with overall score >5 on a scale of 1-10. All the respondents (100%) approved of the OSCE pattern of exams held by the NBE board.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted surgical training. There is a need to assess the future training program advancement, with the need to include remedial measures, and adopting an individualized approach. The OSCE pattern of examination conducted has been accepted by all and recommended to be integrated as a part of the practical exams in future too. The virtual learning and telemedicine embraced in the time of pandemic, has had a great impact in enhancing surgical education

Keywords: COVID 19-infection, Impact on Residency training Program
Correlation of Urine Dipstick Test with Spot Urine Protein-Creatinine Ratio in Women with Preeclampsia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Rani K. Rekha , Reddy Tulasi
Published: September 2021

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes for the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Increase level of proteinuria is worsening condition for the pregnant women with hypertension.
Objective: Our study aimed to compare urine dipstick method with P/C ratio to know the proteinuria level in hypertensive pregnant women.
Material and Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 antenatal women with preeclampsia in Department of obstetrics and gynecology, CAIMS Karimnagar. Antenatal cases with pre-eclampsia of more than 20 weeks gestation were included in the study and Urinary Tract Infection, Diabetic, renal function disorder were excluded from study. After getting patients consent detailed history were taken, general physical and systemic including obstetric examination was done Association between the variable analyzed by using chi-square or fisher exact test and quantitative variable compare using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. P-value<0.05 considered as significant
Result: Among 100 patients admitted, there are 50 cases having mean age was 25±3.266 Years, systolic blood pressure was 156.5±21.94mmhg. Association between P/C ratio and urine dipstick was statistically significant and also correlation between urine dipstick and P/C ratio was moderately correlated (r= 0.564) and highly significant (p-value <0.05)
Conclusion: Our study conclude that Urine dipstick method and P/C ratio has strong correlation between them with high accuracy, at 2+or greater level it can used to estimate significant proteinuria or spot urine P/C ratio for screening pregnant women with suspected preeclampsia. Also, this method is convenient and cost effective for patient.

Keywords: Preeclampsia, Proteinuria, Urine Dipstick, Antenatal.
Thermoregulation Practices among Mothers with New-Born Babies Attending Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya
Authors: Wanjiru Jemimah Wangari , Makworo Drusila , Simba Justus Maingi
Published: September 2021

Thermal protection is a major challenge for new-born survival in most developing regions. Despite continued emphasis on correct thermoregulation care practices, suboptimal care still persists. This study therefore sought to determine the practices for maintenance of optimal neonatal body temperature among mothers with new-born babies attending Kenyatta National Hospital. The study adopted a mixed methods cross sectional design using qualitative and quantitative methods. The study population comprised of mothers with new-born babies attending the postnatal clinic and paediatric emergency unit at Kenyatta National Hospital. Slovin’s Formula was used determine a sample size of 200 respondents. The study used primary data through questionnaires, focus group discussion and observation. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were conducted with the help of SPSS. Results showed that majority 66.5% (n=133) had good thermoregulation practices. Age (p=0.001) and level of education (p=0.000) were significant. Thermoregulation practices among mothers with new-born babies attending Kenyatta National Hospital were good. All the same, mothers should therefore be sensitised on covering their baby well during movement and checking of wet diapers and clothing to ensure that the baby is kept warm at all times.

Keywords: Thermoregulation Practices, Thermal protection, new-born care, neonatal body temperature.