bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonionizing diagnostic imaging modalities for visualizing health and pathology of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues
Authors: Yeung Andy Wai Kan , AlHadidi Abeer , Vyas Rutvi , Bornstein Michael M. , Watanabe Hiroshi , Tanaka Ray
Published: July 2024

Radiographic examination has been an essential part of the diagnostic workflow in periodontology and implant dentistry. However, radiographic examination unavoidably involves ionizing radiation and its associated risks. Clinicians and researchers have invested considerable efforts in assessing the feasibility and capability of utilizing nonionizing imaging modalities to replace traditional radiographic imaging. Two such modalities have been extensively evaluated in clinical settings, namely, ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Another modality, optical coherence tomography (OCT), has been under investigation more recently. This review aims to provide an overview of the literature and summarize the usage of USG, MRI, and OCT in evaluating health and pathology of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues. Clinical studies have shown that USG could accurately measure gingival height and crestal bone level, and classify furcation involvement. Due to physical constraints, USG may be more applicable to the buccal surfaces of the dentition even with an intra‐oral probe. Clinical studies have also shown that MRI could visualize the degree of soft‐tissue inflammation and osseous edema, the extent of bone loss at furcation involvement sites, and periodontal bone level. However, there was a lack of clinical studies on the evaluation of peri‐implant tissues by MRI. Moreover, an MRI machine is very expensive, occupies much space, and requires more time than cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) or intraoral radiographs to complete a scan. The feasibility of OCT to evaluate periodontal and peri‐implant tissues remains to be elucidated, as there are only preclinical studies at the moment. A major shortcoming of OCT is that it may not reach the bottom of the periodontal pocket, particularly for inflammatory conditions, due to the absorption of near‐infrared light by hemoglobin. Until future technological breakthroughs finally overcome the limitations of USG, MRI and OCT, the practical imaging modalities for routine diagnostics of periodontal and peri‐implant tissues remain to be plain radiographs and CBCTs.
Why aquaculture needs immunology
Authors: Wiegertjes Geert F.
Published: July 2024

Health of farmed fish and shellfish deserves a top priority. To help prevent and fight the global disease crisis in aquaculture, it is high time to further explore immunology. And high time for immunologists specialized in aquaculture to start taking aquaculture more seriously. As a first step forward, find here some challenges and many opportunities.
A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study of mutual relations of six types of diets in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Wu Wenfeng , Zhang Zexin , Liu Qin , Dong Jindian , Li Hongyi , Yan Fenggen
Published: July 2024

Background

In the continuous endeavor to find safe and efficient treatments for Atopic Dermatitis (AD), there remains a considerable focus on dietary adjustments. Nevertheless, the limited availability of research and conflicting findings in the academic literature pose a hurdle in establishing conclusive recommendations.

Method

Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to the most comprehensive genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) data on tea intake (447 485), green tea intake (n = 64 949), flavored milk intake (n = 64 941), never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: Wheat products(n = 461 046), never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: Sugar or foods/drinks containing sugar (n = 461 046), never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: I eat all of the above (n = 461 046) and atopic dermatitis (n = 218 467). We used the inverse‐variance weighted method (IVW) as the primary method.

Results

The IVW analyses have demonstrated an increased tea intake was genetically associated with a reduced risk of AD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.646, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.430–0.968, p = 0.034). Furthermore, green tea intake was significantly negatively associated with AD (IVW OR: 0.986, 95% CI: 0.975–0.998; p = 0.024) in the IVW model. AD risk could be reduced by never eating wheat products (IVW OR: 8.243E‐04, 95% CI: 7.223E‐06–9.408E‐02, p = 0.003). There was no association between never eating eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: Sugar, or foods/drinks containing sugar, I eat all of the above and AD.

Conclusions

Our MR study suggests a causal relationship between tea intake, green tea intake, and the avoidance of eating wheat products with atopic dermatitis. Our findings recommend that preventing and managing atopic dermatitis may be achieved by never eating wheat products while increasing tea and green tea intake.
A novel flavobacterial phage abundant during green tide, representing a new viral family,
Zblingviridae
Authors: Guo Xiaoyue , Zhang Xinran , Shao Hongbing , McMinn Andrew , Liang Yantao , Wang Min
Published: July 2024

Flavobacteriia are the dominant and active bacteria during algal blooms and play an important role in polysaccharide degradation. However, little is known about phages infecting
Flavobacteriia
, especially during green tide. In this study, a novel virus, vB_TgeS_JQ, infecting Flavobacteriia was isolated from the surface water of the Golden Beach of Qingdao, China. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that vB_TgeS_JQ had the morphology of siphovirus. The experiments showed that it was stable from −20°C to 45°C and pH 5 to pH 8, with latent and burst periods both lasting for 20 min. Genomic analysis showed that the phage vB_TgeS_JQ contained a 40,712-bp dsDNA genome with a GC content of 30.70%, encoding 74 open-reading frames. Four putative auxiliary metabolic genes were identified, encoding electron transfer-flavoprotein dehydrogenase, calcineurin-like phosphoesterase, phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphohydrolase, and TOPRIM nucleotidyl hydrolase. The abundance of phage vB_TgeS_JQ was higher during
Ulva prolifera
(
U. prolifera
) blooms compared with other marine environments. The phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses revealed that vB_TgeS_JQ exhibited significant differences from all other phage isolates in the databases and therefore was classified as an undiscovered viral family, named
Zblingviridae
. In summary, this study expands the knowledge about the genomic, phylogenetic diversity and distribution of flavobacterial phages (flavophages), especially their roles during
U. prolifera
blooms.

IMPORTANCE

The phage vB_TgeS_JQ was the first flavobacterial phage isolated during green tide, representing a new family in
Caudoviricetes
and named
Zblingviridae
. The abundance of phage vB_TgeS_JQ was higher during the
Ulva prolifera
blooms. This study provides insights into the genomic, phylogenetic diversity, and distribution of flavophages, especially their roles during
U. prolifera
blooms.
Complete genome sequence of the type strain of
Mycobacterium montefiorense
, strain ATCC BAA-256
Authors: Komine Takeshi , Yoshida Mitsunori , Sato Mitsuhiko P. , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Hoshino Yoshihiko , Wada Shinpei , Fukano Hanako
Published: July 2024

Mycobacterium montefiorense
, a nontuberculous mycobacterium, is a causative agent of mycobacteriosis in aquatic animals, its type strain
M. montefiorense
ATCC BAA-256 being isolated from a moray eel. In this study, we report the complete ATCC BAA-256 genome sequence with a 5,693,452-bp-containing circular chromosome, 65.2% GC content, and 5,407 coding sequences.
Endosymbiont-derived metabolites are essential for tick host reproductive fitness
Authors: Cibichakravarthy Balasubramanian , Shaked Neta , Kapri Einat , Gottlieb Yuval
Published: July 2024

Ticks, like other obligatory blood-feeding arthropods, rely on endosymbiotic bacteria to supplement their diet with B vitamins lacking in blood. It has been suggested that additional metabolites such as L-proline may be involved in this nutritional symbiosis, but this has yet to be tested. Here, we studied the metabolite-based interaction between the brown dog tick
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
(Acari: Ixodidae) and its
Coxiella-
like endosymbionts (CLE). We measured amino acid titers and tested the effect of B vitamins and L-proline supplementation on the fitness of CLE-suppressed female ticks, displaying low titers of CLE. We found higher titers of L-proline in the symbiont-hosting organs of unfed ticks and in engorged blood-fed whole ticks. Supplementation of B vitamins increased the hatching rate of CLE-suppressed ticks; this effect appears to be stronger when L-proline is added. Our results indicate that L-proline is produced by CLE, and we suggest that CLE is essential in states of high metabolic demand that affects tick reproductive fitness, such as oogenesis and embryonic development. These findings demonstrate the broader effect of nutritional symbionts on their hosts and may potentially contribute to the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases.

IMPORTANCE

Coxiella
-like endosymbionts (CLE) are essential to the brown dog tick
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
for feeding and reproduction. This symbiosis is based on the supplementation of B vitamins lacking in the blood diet. The involvement of additional metabolites has been suggested, but no experimental evidence is available as yet to confirm a metabolic interaction. Here, we show that B vitamins and L-proline, both of which contribute to tick reproductive fitness, are produced by CLE. These findings demonstrate the importance of symbiont-derived metabolites for the host’s persistence and shed light on the complex bacteria-host metabolic interaction, which can be channeled to manipulate and control tick populations.
Extramammary breast cancer of the vulva
Authors: Wu Fiona , Andaleeb Uzma , Ahmed Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

A woman in her 70s was seen in the gynaecology outpatient clinic with a swelling on the right side of the vulva. Surgical excision of the lesion revealed unexpectedly an extensive ductal carcinoma in situ with a focus of a grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma arising in extramammary breast tissue of the vulva. Postoperative staging studies showed normal breasts, with no evidence of disease elsewhere. The patient underwent a wider excision of the right vulva and sentinel node biopsy of the right inguinal region, which revealed no further disease. The patient is currently taking adjuvant hormonal therapy and has remained disease free at 2-year follow-up. This case underscores the importance of considering rare presentations of vulvar malignancies and the necessity for a multidisciplinary approach in managing such cases.
Precise Localization for Anatomo-Physiological Hallmarks of the Cervical Spine by Using Neural Memory Ordinary Differential Equation
Authors: Zheng Xi , Yang Yi , Li Dehan , Deng Yi , Xie Yuexiong , Yi Zhang , Ma Litai , Xu Lei
Published: June 2024

In the evaluation of cervical spine disorders, precise positioning of anatomo-physiological hallmarks is fundamental for calculating diverse measurement metrics. Despite the fact that deep learning has achieved impressive results in the field of keypoint localization, there are still many limitations when facing medical image. First, these methods often encounter limitations when faced with the inherent variability in cervical spine datasets, arising from imaging factors. Second, predicting keypoints for only 4% of the entire X-ray image surface area poses a significant challenge. To tackle these issues, we propose a deep neural network architecture, NF-DEKR, specifically tailored for predicting keypoints in cervical spine physiological anatomy. Leveraging neural memory ordinary differential equation with its distinctive memory learning separation and convergence to a singular global attractor characteristic, our design effectively mitigates inherent data variability. Simultaneously, we introduce a Multi-Resolution Focus module to preprocess feature maps before entering the disentangled regression branch and the heatmap branch. Employing a differentiated strategy for feature maps of varying scales, this approach yields more accurate predictions of densely localized keypoints. We construct a medical dataset, SCUSpineXray, comprising X-ray images annotated by orthopedic specialists and conduct similar experiments on the publicly available UWSpineCT dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to the baseline DEKR network, our proposed method enhances average precision by 2% to 3%, accompanied by a marginal increase in model parameters and the floating-point operations (FLOPs). The code ( https://github.com/Zhxyi/NF-DEKR ) is available.
On subvarieties of degenerations of Fano varieties
Authors: Qu Santai
Published: June 2024

The goal of this work is to study geometric properties of geometrically irreducible subschemes on degenerations of Fano varieties (more generally, of separably rationally connected varieties). It is known that these geometrically irreducible subschemes exist when the ground field has characteristic zero or contains an algebraically closed subfield. We show that the dimension of this geometrically irreducible subscheme has a lower bound by the Fano index of the generic fiber.
Parameter estimation of fractional-order system with improved Archimedes optimization algorithm
Authors: Chen Yinbin , Yang Renhuan , Yang Xiuzeng , Yang Renyu , Huang Qidong , Chen Guilian , Zhang Ling , Wei Mengyu , Zhou Yongqiang
Published: June 2024

In this paper, aiming at the problems of slow estimation speed and low estimation precision of traditional fractional-order system (FOS) parameter estimation method, an improved Archimedes optimization algorithm (IAOA) is proposed to calculate the optimal value. By establishing the parameter estimation model and the cost function, the parameter estimation problem is formulated as an optimization problem. As opposed to the Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA), the IAOA introduces three improvements: leadership behavior, levy flight behavior and a new adaptive strategy. This paper verifies the performance of the IAOA by selecting 10 classic test functions. IAOA is applied to the parameter estimation problem of fractional-order unified system to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the algorithm. The simulation results prove that the IAOA has better global optimization ability and estimation accuracy than the original algorithm.
Two-level parallel load balancing strategy for accelerating DSMC simulations in near-continuum gases
Authors: Xiao Chenxiang , Zhang Chenchen , Zhang Bin , Xu Hui , Liu Hong
Published: June 2024

The Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) algorithm is widely employed for simulating rarefied gas flows and is increasingly applied in near-continuum regimes for research and engineering purposes. However, its computational demands, notably load imbalance and extended simulation time, hinder widespread adoption. Addressing these challenges, this paper introduces the Two-Level parallel load balancing strategy. This novel approach combines thread-level and multi-process parallelism to enhance load balancing and reduce simulation time. Key features include a thread-level load-decoupling strategy implemented via OpenMP and a multi-process load balancing mechanism employing distributed memory via MPI. Building upon our previous [Formula: see text] [L. Li, W. Ren and B. Zhang, J. Aeronaut. Astronaut. Aviat. Ser. A 46, 88 (2014)] approach, the load balancing mechanism utilizes Stop At Risk (SAR) criteria for repartitioning with METIS. Additionally, a specialized data transmission mechanism utilizing MPI nonblocking communication minimizes global communication between processes. Validation and evaluation are performed using four hypersonic flow cases around a cylinder and sphere, demonstrating significant improvements. Notably, the proposed strategy achieves [Formula: see text] enhancement over the [Formula: see text] strategy under 512 CPU cores compared to 16 CPU cores, and reduces between-process communication time with [Formula: see text]. These advancements contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of the DSMC algorithm in near-continuum aerodynamic simulations.
A Method of Multiple Targets and Sensors Track Association Analysis
Authors: Qu Shi , Meng Cangzhen , Jin Hongbin , Huang Xiaobin , Feng Lujun
Published: June 2024

In order to reduce the probability of leakage and improve detection accuracy, multiple radar equipment is required to perform multiple detections on the same airspace. Due to the overlap of airspace, there are multiple local tracks reported by various radar equipment that belong to the same target. The local tracks reported by each radar require track fusion to form a system track, and track association is a prerequisite for track fusion. This paper proposes a multi-target and multi-sensor track association analysis method, which can distinguish whether local tracks come from the same target and associate local tracks with the same target, providing conditions for track fusion to form system tracks. This method divides track association into two steps: Coarse association and fine association, which greatly improves the accuracy of track association.
Emergent universality of free fall from quantum mechanics
Authors: Cañas Juan A. , Martín-Ruiz A. , Bernal J.
Published: June 2024

Classical and quantum mechanical descriptions of motion are fundamentally different. The Universality of Free Fall (UFF) is a distinguishing feature of the classical motion (which has been verified with astonishing precision), while quantum theory tell us only about probabilities and uncertainties thus breaking the UFF. There are strong reasons to believe that the classical description must emerge, under plausible hypothesis, from quantum mechanics. In this paper, we show that the UFF is an emergent phenomenon: the coarse-grained quantum distribution for high-energy levels leads to the classical distribution as the lowest order plus quantum corrections. We estimate the size of these corrections on the Eötvös parameter and discuss the physical implications.
Simple Cracking of (Noise-Based) Dynamic Watermarking in Smart Grids
Authors: Yildirim Mehmet , Kenarangui Nasir , Balog Robert , Kish Laszlo B. , Singh Chanan
Published: June 2024

Previous research employing a conceptual approach with a digital twin has demonstrated that (noise-based) dynamic watermarking is incapable of providing unconditional security in smart electrical grid systems. However, the implementation of digital twins can be prohibitively costly or infeasible due to limited available data on critical infrastructure. In this study, we first analyze the spectral properties of dynamic watermarking and its associated protocol. Subsequently, we present a straightforward attack inspired by the digital twin method, which extracts and utilizes the grid noises and completely breaches the security of dynamic watermarking without requiring knowledge of the private watermarking signal. The attacker can fully expose the grid while evading detection by the controller. Our findings indicate that in the absence of secure and authenticated communications, dynamic watermarking offers neither conditional nor unconditional security. Conversely, when communication lines, sensors, and communicators are equipped with tamper-resistant and secure/authenticated links, dynamic watermarking becomes redundant for grid security.
Enhanced transmission and group delay in optomechanics with an optical parametric amplifier
Authors: Amghar M’bark , Amazioug Mohamed
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we investigate the phenomenon of optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) in a cavity that has a moving end mirror and is subjected to an external force. Furthermore, we place an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) inside the cavity. We show that the transmission intensity of the probe field and the group delay is enhanced by the parametric gain and phase of the OPA. We also show that this enhancement is influenced by external forces. We believe that these findings could be valuable in the area of quantum information processing.
Fractal Circuit Architectures for Spatially Controlled Heating and Multi-Modal Shape Programming of Electro-Active Shape Memory Polymers
Authors: Enferadi Alireza , Baniassadi Majid , Baghani Mostafa
Published: June 2024

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are commonly activated through external heating or rigid embedded heaters, which lack precise temperature control and restrict programmable shape transformations. This study demonstrates integrating thin films of hard electronic materials patterned in fractal designs into SMPs yields novel thermomechanical responses, enabling flexible implementation of stretchable electronic functionality. Space-filling Hilbert, Moore and Peano fractal curves generate distributed electronic circuitry patterns within the SMP matrices. To investigate the coupled electro-thermal-mechanical behavior, a multi-physics modeling approach is adopted. A nonlinear thermo-visco-hyperelastic constitutive model captures the SMP’s shape memory characteristics. Governing equations for the multi-physics problem are formulated. Experimental data validates the model’s predictions of the SMP’s nonlinear material response under uniaxial loading. This validated framework analyzes SMP composites with integrated fractal circuits. Findings reveal composites with higher-order fractal circuits’ exhibit faster, more uniform resistive heating and smaller electrical resistance changes during stretching, enabling consistent and predictable shape recovery under various deformations. Notably, these advantageous heating and resistance characteristics enhance the force recovery rate during the shape memory cycle. Furthermore, the composites demonstrate excellent shape recovery under bending. Remarkably, uniaxial stretching can induce controlled out-of-plane shape transformations, enabling novel actuation modalities. This work provides insights into leveraging fractal circuit integration to enhance SMP performance and expand capabilities, enabling multi-functional actuators, sensors and programmable soft grippers.
Control and Analysis of Swelling Deformation of Hydrogel Beams Through Multilayer Design
Authors: Nian Xiangchuan , Rao Wei , Liu Xia , Shang Junjun , Yang Qingsheng
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we suggest a design strategy for multilayer hydrogel beams with controllable swelling deformation and bending, which can be used in soft devices. We adopt a constitutive model that considers the entanglement chains of the hydrogel and an analytical method for solving multilayer hydrogel beams is developed. First, the reliability of the design strategy is provided by comparing analytical solutions and numerical results. Then, guided by the above design strategy, we quantitatively investigate hydrogel beams with gradient distribution and study the effects of material and distribution on the deformation and bending behavior of the structures. The results show that under non-gradient distribution, all structures with an odd number of total layers only undergo in-plane expansion, while all those with an even number of total layers undergo expansion and bending. However, this law will be broken at the gradient distribution. The introduction of entanglement chains and gradient distribution strategy increase the range of adjustment for deformation and bending. This work is expected to provide new insights into the design of multilayer hydrogel beams for material–structure–function integration.
Highly Stretchable and Adhesive Soft Vitrimers Based on N →B Coordination Structure
Authors: Li Shahao , Chen Yang , Li Xiaofeng , Yang Hongyan , Lu Mengze , Zhang Wei , Jiang Chuanxia , Cui Shuming , Liang Junkai , Tang Liqun , Sun Taolin
Published: June 2024

Recently, vitrimers with a reversible N[Formula: see text]B coordination dynamic structure have garnered interest not only for their self-healing and reprocessable properties but also for their hydrolytic stability. Reported vitrimers with N[Formula: see text]B internal coordination dynamic structure were excessively rigid, limiting their stretchability and toughness. This study synthesized a cross-linking agent (DNCB) with a cyclic nitrogen-boron coordination structure. This agent was then used in copolymerization with n-butyl acrylate (BA) and 4-vinylphenylboronic acid (BOH) to create soft vitrimers. By systematically tuning the composition, soft vitrimers exhibit water resistance along with high viscoelasticity, stretchability, toughness, and adhesive properties against various substrates. The observed mechanical behavior is attributed to the rapid relaxation of N[Formula: see text]B coordination bonds and slow relaxation of B-O bonds in boroxine within the polymer network. It is anticipated that these soft vitrimers will be applied in adhesives, flexible electronics, and soft robotics due to their favorable properties.
Population-toxicant models with stage structure and the psychological effects
Authors: Mo Rongli , Wu Xingmin , Wei Fengying
Published: June 2024

We propose single-species population models with the psychological effects and time delay in a toxicant environment in this study, of which the concentrations of toxicant nonlinearly affect the density of adults, linearly affect the density of juveniles. The models, consisting of a system of stochastic differential equations, govern the dynamics of juveniles and adults, as well as the concentrations of toxicant in the environment and organisms. First of all, the existence and uniqueness of the global solution to the models are derived, the sufficient conditions of the extinction and the time that the densities of adults and juveniles approach zero are investigated. Further, the sufficient conditions for the weak persistence in the mean are obtained around the pollution-free equilibrium point, and the stochastic permanence of adults and juveniles occurs around the pollution equilibrium points under moderate conditions. As a consequence, the corresponding numerical simulations reveal that higher psychological effects and less time delay create larger densities of juveniles and adults in the sense of weak persistence and stochastic permanence, and that less fluctuations of white noises and less psychological effects produce the earlier extinction time for adults and juveniles.
LUneXt: Simple and Efficient U-shaped Network Design for Medical Image Segmentation with Nonlinear Activation
Authors: Deng Guanghong , Yu Bing , Jing Wenlong , Li Yong , Zhao Xiaodan
Published: June 2024

Medical image segmentation has always been a challenging task. This paper proposes a new LUneXt medical image segmentation model based on the characteristics analysis of medical image data sets and testing of different nonlinear activation units. Both normalized activations for the original negative input image activation have good optimization capabilities for the tokenization module parameters proposed in the original UneXt model. Using different activation coefficients for different foreground and background areas has achieved better results. The experimental results of this paper on the Breast Ultrasound Images (BUSI) data set reached an intersection over union (IoU) value of 62.64%, a Dice value of 76.12%, and a single inference speed of 807.57[Formula: see text]ms. The experimental IoU value of the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC 2018) data set reached 82.95%, and the Dice value reached 90.50%. The single inference speed reached 842.58[Formula: see text]ms. The LUneXt model is more robust than other models. While improving model performance, it does not introduce higher computational complexity and does not have a major impact on the processing speed of a single image.
Collaborative Construction Method of Biomedical Knowledge Graph Based on Multi-Blockchain
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Xie Zhenxi , Xin Hui , Li Pengjun , Zhang Yuanyuan , Xiong Xiaoyun , Lin Jerry Chun-Wei
Published: June 2024

The collaborative construction method of knowledge graph based on blockchain is crucial for the safe and efficient construction of biomedical knowledge graph (BioKG), and has received widespread attention from the academic and medical circles. At present, the data sources of BioKG are very wide. While using multi-source data to collaboratively build a knowledge graph, data redundancy problems often occur. Once data from a large number of sources is available, it becomes difficult for the system to ensure data consistency in a reliable way. In addition, the increase in inconsistent and redundant data also reduces the efficiency of collaboration in the system. The traditional blockchain-based collaborative construction method of BioKG is difficult to effectively solve these problems. Multi-blockchain technology provides a new solution for the construction of collaborative knowledge graphs in the biomedical field, which is characterized by good scalability and diversified applications. To this end, we propose a multi-person collaboration construction method for BioKG based on multi-blockchain, named collaborative construction method chain (CCMC). CCMC uses the multi-chain structure and clock cycle control method of the blockchain to separate user operations and system verification, and uses the read-write separation function to improve the consistency of the collaborative version. In addition, we propose a semantic fusion method that effectively reduces data redundancy in the collaborative process and improves the efficiency of BioKG collaborative construction. Performance testing and comparative evaluation confirmed that compared with previous methods, CCMC significantly improves the creation of collaborative knowledge graphs and meets the requirements of multi-person collaborative construction.
The Expense of Unprotected Free Software
Authors: Kamp Poul-Henning
Published: July 2024

Until the big guns manage to sort things out, we're just going to need to take care of things however we can. The best we can hope for, of course, is to convince companies, institutions, and governments that it would be a really good idea to cut monthly checks for those people who maintain the software that these organizations absolutely depend upon.
Sustainability of Makerspaces: Developing a Framework for Sustainable Community Innovation Centers
Authors: Rahman Mizan , Best Michael
Published: June 2024

Innovation can play a vital role in economic freedom. However, innovation activities at the community level face numerous obstacles. Spaces like makerspaces and fabLabs vitalize innovation, education, and entrepreneurship within communities. Nevertheless, scarce research addresses the transient nature of these spaces; their premature cessation adversely affects their members and the surrounding community. In this study, we develop a novel sustainability framework for community innovation centers through the lens of makerspaces that helps reveal when some centers remain open and meet their objectives and how others close and fail to do so. These centers possess economic and social growth potential, aligning with HCI’s mission to unlock human potential. Building on established ICT4D (Information and Communications Technologies for Development) frameworks, we studied makerspaces across the USA. The resulting framework highlights the importance of fostering a community through the interactions between people and resources, supported by an integrated management, process, and finance infrastructure. This work provides an understanding of how to foster sustainable innovation at the community level.
Forkhead box M1 mediates metabolic reprogramming in human colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Li Po-Chen , Dai Sheng-Yu , Lin Yu-Shun , Chang Yu-Tsen , Liu Chen-Chia , Wang I-Ching , Lee Ming-Fen
Published: July 2024

Transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) regulates glycolysis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and cellular energy consumption, which, together, controls cell growth and patient prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Computer‐Integrated Monitoring Technology with Support‐Decision of Unauthorized Disturbance of Methane Sensor Functioning for Coal Mines
Authors: Vovna Oleksandr , Kaydash Hanna , Rutkowski Leszek , Sakhno Іvan , Laktionov Іvan , Kabanets Maryna , Zozulya Sergey
Published: June 2024

In longwall coal mining, high methane concentrations pose a challenge. Cyber‐physical air and gas protection systems ensure operational safety. However, safeguarding methane sensors from unauthorized interference is a key issue. This research aims to develop an intelligent method for detecting disturbances in methane sensor operation, preventing mining emergencies. The methodological basis for achieving the research goal is an integrated approach using proven scientific methods: analysis of existing scientific and practical results; computer modeling, development, and creation of prototypes of computer‐integrated stands for studying the processes of external influence on measurement results. The primary advantage of the proposed method is the software implementation of the specified approach on the existing computer‐integrated modules and sensor hardware platform. This allows for the identification of unregulated modes of operation without the need for hardware redundancy during the implementation of measurement modules for information processing in cyber‐physical systems. The structure of computer‐aided monitoring with decision support has been substantiated and developed, which implements the mathematical apparatus of the proposed method for detecting unauthorized interference with sensor operation modes. The implementation of the developed method of detecting unauthorized interference in the regulated mode of the methane concentration sensor made it possible to detect such interference from 15 seconds, if the concentration is more than 1.45%, to 20 seconds during the action of the minimum methane concentration of 0.24%. The specified time interval from 15 to 20 seconds is approximately equal to the time constant of the transition process, which varies depending on the degree of tightness of its sensitive element.
Study on the Effects of Dust Particle Size and Respiratory Intensity on the Pattern of Respiratory Particle Deposition in Humans
Authors: Zhou Gang , Liu Zengxin , Shao Wenqi , Sun Biao , Li Lin , Liu Jianguo , Li Gang , Lv Xueqiang
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, dust exposure pollution is receiving a lot of attention due to its significant impact on public health. To investigate the impact of dust particle size and human respiratory strength on respiratory particle deposition patterns, data was collected through on‐site surveys. The study analyzed the equivalent respiratory strength, dust environment characteristics, and bronchial particle escape and deposition patterns of humans in fully mechanized mining faces at various operating times. This was done using ergonomic energy consumption simulation experiments and a fluid–solid interaction method of CFD‐DEM. The findings revealed that as humans worked continuously for 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min, their respiratory intensity corresponded to 8, 18, 30, 42, and 50 L/min, respectively. According to the field investigation and particle size analysis, the particle size distribution of 1~5, 5~10, 10~20, 20~30, and 30~40 μm particles accounted for 36%, 26%, 15%, 11%, and 10%, respectively. In general, the deposition rate of dust was highest in the main bronchus of the respiratory tract, followed by the trachea area. Particles ranging from 5 to 10 μm in size were observed to have a higher likelihood of escaping from the tertiary bronchioles and entering the secondary bronchial regions. Conversely, particles larger than 20 μm exhibited a deposition rate of up to 80% in the tertiary bronchial regions. It was noted that the bronchial deposition rate of particles of varying sizes increased with respiratory strength, with smaller particles showing greater sensitivity to changes in respiratory strength in terms of the deposition fraction. Among the different particle sizes, the deposition rate of 5–10 μm particles exhibited the most variation with increasing respiration intensity, ranging up to 17%.
Evaluation of Cenozoic Geothermal Resources of the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Tu Shiqi , Zuo Yinhui , Yang Meihua , Zhang Tao , Zeng Jiancheng , Zhou Yongshui
Published: June 2024

Geothermal energy is a green and sustainable energy source. Rational development and utilization of geothermal energy can not only improve the living environment for local residents but also reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable economic development. Based on the thermal physical parameters and lithologic parameters, the volume method was implemented to comprehensively evaluate the thermal reservoir temperature, geothermal resource types, and resource potential of the Cenozoic Minghuazhen Formation, Guantao Formation, and Dongying Formations in the Dongpu Depression. The natural breakpoint method has been applied to categorize the resource intensity in the Dongpu Depression, thus clarifying the distribution of geothermal resources and favorable development areas in the study area. The results show that the reservoir temperature of the Minghuazhen Formation of the Dongpu Depression is 40–58°C, while the reservoir temperatures of the Guantao and Dongying Formations are 70–112°C and 70–140°C, respectively, primarily harboring medium–low‐temperature geothermal resources. Through calculation, it is found that the geothermal resources of the Cenozoic Minghuazhen, Guantao, and Dongying Formations in the Dongpu Depression are 3.70 × 1020 J, 2.23 × 1020 J, and 2.30 × 1020 J, respectively. Collectively, these amount to a total of 8.23 × 1020 J, equivalent to approximately 281.29 billion tons of standard coal. A comparative study of the calculated results of the three geothermal reservoirs in the research area reveals that the Dongying Formation exhibits the highest potential for geothermal resource exploration, particularly in the eastern Changyuan Sag and the Xuji Uplift. The Minghuazhen Formation follows closely. Notably, the geothermal resource potential is significant in the Gaopingji Slope, the East Changyuan Sag, the Xuji Uplift, and the Machang Uplift in the southwest. While the Guantao Formation has a relatively smaller potential, the eastern depression of the Changyuan and the middle section of the Xuji Fault, near the Yellow River Fault, do possess a certain degree of exploration value. The research can provide important basic support for the design of geothermal development in the Cenozoic of the Dongpu Depression.
Tumor de los cordones sexuales con estructuras túbulo anulares. Presentación de un caso no asociado a síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers.
Authors: Misad Saide Carlos , Urzúa Miguel Ángel , Brañez Jorge , Gejman Roger
Published: June 2024

El tumor de los cordones sexuales con estructuras túbulo anulares (TCSTA) es un tumor ovárico extremadamente infrecuente representando el 1%-2% de los tumores de los cordones sexuales. Cuando existe asociación con síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers (SPJ) el tumor generalmente tiene un comportamiento benigno, no así en la ausencia de esta asociación. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 18 años con sus características clínicas e histopatológicas.
Percepción de competencia bioética y deliberación ético-clínica conjunta medicina-enfermería en hospitalización pediátrica básica.
Authors: Rodriguez David , Strickler Prouvay Alexis , Arellano Pajaro Rosminia , Uherek Peters Alexandra , Brochero Mercado Clara , Quezada Encina Rossy , Silva Elgueta Maria Teresa
Published: June 2024

Introducción: las competencias bioéticas permiten abordar colectiva y críticamente, aspectos éticos involucrados en la práctica clínica. Pero, la deliberación ética simultánea de médico/as con enfermero/as, en pacientes no críticos, es inhabitual. Objetivo: constatar la percepción de médico/as y enfermero/as de un hospital de alta complejidad, sobre sus competencias bioéticas y deliberación sincrónica, en hospitalizados pediátricos sin riesgo vital. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal mediante encuesta, a médico/as y enfermero/as del servicio médico-quirúrgico infantil, sobre presencia, modalidad de enseñanza de bioética en pregrado, percepción de tener conocimiento bioético suficiente para aplicarlo clínicamente y si hubo análisis ético-clínico conjunto, en pacientes hospitalizados. Resultados: la mayoría de los encuestados 47/54 (87%) recibió formación teórica obligatoria en bioética durante el pregrado. De ellos, 19/29 (65,5%) médico/as y 11/18 (61,1%) enfermero/as reconocieron que esta formación fue insuficiente para aplicarla en el trabajo. 25/35 (71,4%) médicos, afirmó participar en deliberación ética antes de enviar un caso al comité de ética asistencial, pero esta deliberación ocasionalmente incluyó a enfermero/as ya que, sólo 2/19 (10,5%) de los enfermero/as señalaron intervenir en este tipo de deliberación. Conclusiones: médico/as y enfermero/as que trabajan en pediatría y cirugía infantil, perciben insuficiencias de formación en pregrado en bioética e impericia para aplicar contenidos a la práctica cotidiana. La deliberación ética sobre casos clínicos pediátricos de enfermero/as es esporádica respecto de médico/as en hospitalización médico-quirúrgica  básica.
Evaluation of the Immune Response within the Tumor Microenvironment in African American and Non-Hispanic White Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Trendowski Matthew R. , Watza Donovan , Lusk Christine M. , Lonardo Fulvio , Ratliff Valerie , Wenzlaff Angela S. , Mamdani Hirva , Neslund-Dudas Christine , Boerner Julie L. , Schwartz Ann G. , Gibson Heather M.
Published: July 2024

Background:

African Americans have higher incidence and mortality from lung cancer than non-Hispanic Whites, but investigations into differences in immune response have been minimal. Therefore, we compared components of the tumor microenvironment among African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites diagnosed with non–small cell lung cancer based on PDL1 or tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) status to identify differences of translational relevance.

Methods:

Using a cohort of 280 patients with non–small cell lung cancer from the Inflammation, Health, Ancestry, and Lung Epidemiology study (non-Hispanic White: n = 155; African American: n = 125), we evaluated PDL1 tumor proportion score (<1% vs. ≥1%) and TLS status (presence/absence), comparing differences within the tumor microenvironment based on immune cell distribution and differential expression of genes.

Results:

Tumors from African Americans had a higher proportion of plasma cell signatures within the tumor microenvironment than non-Hispanic Whites. In addition, gene expression patterns in African American PDL1-positive samples suggest that these tumors contained greater numbers of γδ T cells and resting dendritic cells, along with fewer CD8+ T cells after adjusting for age, sex, pack-years, stage, and histology. Investigation of differential expression of B cell/plasma cell–related genes between the two patient populations revealed that two immunoglobulin genes (IGKV2-29 and IGLL5) were associated with decreased mortality risk in African Americans.

Conclusions:

In the first known race-stratified analysis of tumor microenvironment components in lung cancer based on PDL1 expression or TLS status, differences within the immune cell composition and transcriptomic signature were identified that may have therapeutic implications.

Impact:

Future investigation of racial variation within the tumor microenvironment may help direct the use of immunotherapy.
Data from The Novel ATR Inhibitor Tuvusertib (M1774) Induces Replication Protein Overexpression and Broad Synergy with DNA-targeted Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Jo Ukhyun , Arakawa Yasuhiro , Zimmermann Astrid , Taniyama Daiki , Mizunuma Makito , Jenkins Lisa M. , Maity Tapan K. , Kumar Suresh , Zenke Frank T. , Takebe Naoko , Pommier Yves
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) checkpoint kinase inhibitors are in clinical trials. Here we explored the molecular pharmacology and therapeutic combination strategies of the oral ATR inhibitor tuvusertib (M1774) with DNA-damaging agents (DDAs). As single agent, M1774 suppressed cancer cell viability at nanomolar concentrations, showing greater activity than ceralasertib and berzosertib, but less potency than gartisertib and elimusertib in the small cell lung cancer H146, H82, and DMS114 cell lines. M1774 also efficiently blocked the activation of the ATR-CHK1 checkpoint pathway caused by replication stress induced by TOP1 inhibitors. Combination with non-toxic dose of M1774 enhanced TOP1 inhibitor-induced cancer cell death by enabling unscheduled replication upon replicative damage, thereby increasing genome instability. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics uncovered that M1774, in the presence of DDA, forces the expression of proteins activating replication (CDC45) and G2−M progression (PLK1 and CCNB1). In particular, the fork protection complex proteins (TIMELESS and TIPIN) were enriched. Low-dose of M1774 was found to be highly to be synergistic with a broad spectrum of clinical DDAs including TOP1 inhibitors (SN-38/irinotecan, topotecan, and exatecan), the TOP2 inhibitor etoposide, cisplatin, the RNA polymerase II inhibitor lurbinectedin, and the PARP inhibitor talazoparib in various models including cancer cell lines, patient-derived organoids, and mouse xenograft models. Furthermore, we demonstrate that M1774 reverses chemoresistance to anticancer DDAs in cancer cells lacking SLFN11 expression, suggesting that SLFN11 can be utilized for patient selection in upcoming clinical trials.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Metabolic Reprogramming of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Using Glutamine Antagonist JHU083 Drives Tumor Immunity in Myeloid-Rich Prostate and Bladder Cancers
Authors: Praharaj Monali , Shen Fan , Lee Alex J. , Zhao Liang , Nirschl Thomas R. , Theodros Debebe , Singh Alok K. , Wang Xiaoxu , Adusei Kenneth M. , Lombardo Kara A. , Williams Raekwon A. , Sena Laura A. , Thompson Elizabeth A. , Tam Ada , Yegnasubramanian Srinivasan , Pearce Edward J. , Leone Robert D. , Alt Jesse , Rais Rana , Slusher Barbara S. , Pardoll Drew M. , Powell Jonathan D. , Zarif Jelani C.
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure 4
Supplementary Figure 8 from PVRIG is Expressed on Stem-Like T Cells in Dendritic Cell–Rich Niches in Tumors and Its Blockade May Induce Immune Infiltration in Non-Inflamed Tumors
Authors: Alteber Zoya , Cojocaru Gady , Granit Roy Z. , Barbiro Inbal , Wool Assaf , Frenkel Masha , Novik Amit , Shuchami Adi , Liang Yu , Carmi Vered D. , Sabath Niv , Foreman Rob , Petrenko Natalia , He Jiang , Kliger Yossef , Levy-Barda Adva , Eitan Ram , Raban Oded , Sadot Eran , Sulimani Omri , Nathan Abraham Avi , Adewoye Henry , Ferre Pierre , Levine Zurit , Ophir Eran
Published: July 2024

Supplementary Figure 8
The space for artistic experimentation as a creative laboratory in the production of artists' books
Authors: Weiss Luise , Araujo Germana de , Grassano Fabiana
Published: July 2024

Este artigo apresenta a experiência de uma disciplina do curso de pós-graduação em Artes Visuais (2023), ministrada dentro de um laboratório de gravura para discentes de pós-graduação, que promoveu, de maneira orgânica e sem orientação regular, a experimentação artística na produção de livros de artista. Somado a isso, o objetivo é refletir acerca da prática artística dos estudantes em um ambiente plural e com a orientação de professores-artistas — docentes que atuaram também como artistas e, por isso, conseguiram compartilhar saberes teóricos e práticos em uma práxis contínua e coletiva. Após a análise processual do desenvolvimento de projetos dos discentes, busca-se examinar a relação do fazer artístico em laboratório e os resultados obtidos por eles. Entre as questões levantadas, estão: o ambiente propício ao compartilhamento de saberes, a relevância do processo para definição do enunciado e a importância do contato professor-artista no desenvolvimento das tarefas nas quais a prática impulsiona o teórico e vice-versa.