bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Treatment of Water Contaminated with Methylorange
Authors: Valica Martin , Hostin Stanislav
Published: August 2016

This study examines electrochemical degradation of water artificially contaminated by azo dye Methyl Orange (MO). Degradation is based on chemical electro-oxidation of MO molecules. Graphite was used as an electrode material for electrochemical oxidation of MO. In this work, the different operative parameters (electric current, NaCl content) and their effect on effectiveness as well as the treatment time/duration of MO degradation were tested. The highest dye removal (91.0 %) was obtained during the electrolysis at current density 3.032 mA/cm2, electrolyte with the content of NaCl 4 g/dm3 (NaCl) and the treatment time 35 min.
Improved Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for Rapid Staphylococcus Aureus Detection in Meat and Milk Matrices
Authors: Šramková Zuzana , Vidová Barbora , Godány Andrej
Published: August 2016

Staphylococcal food poisoning represents one of the most frequently occurring intoxications, caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE-s) and staphylococcal enterotoxin-like proteins (SEl-s). Therefore, there is a need for rapid, sensitive and specific detection method for this human pathogen and its toxin genes in food matrices. The present work is focused on Staphylococcus aureus detection by a nonaplex polymerase chain reaction, which targets the 23S rRNA gene for identification of S. aureus at the species level, genes for classical SE-s (SEA, SEC, SED), new SE-s (SEH, SEI), SEl-s (SEK, SEL) and tsst-1 gene (toxic shock syndrome toxin). Primers were properly designed to avoid undesirable interactions and to create a reliably identifiable profile of amplicons when visualized in agarose gel. According to obtained results, this approach is able to reach the detection sensitivity of 12 colony forming units from milk and meat matrices without prior culturing and DNA extraction.
Pediatric brain tumors – the importance of early identification of symptoms / Guzy mózgu u dzieci – znaczenie wczesnej identyfikacji objawów
Authors: Cybula-Misiurek Małgorzata , Kiczuk Krystyna , Czerwińska-Pawluk Iwona , Samardakiewicz Marzena
Published: August 2016

Introduction. Brain tumors account for 17-29% of all developmental age neoplasms. Most cases are noted in children aged 2-3 years and 5-10 years.

Aim. The study aims to determine the number of patients with brain tumors in children hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, University Children’s Hospital in Lublin in the years 2002-2015 and to present the most common early symptoms of the disease.

Material and methods. The study group comprised 58 children. The age of respondents ranged from 2 to 17.5 years of age. The study was based on retrospective analysis of medical records of patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, University Children’s Hospital in Lublin in the years 2002-2015. We analyzed medical history of patients whose hospital admissions were due to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness and the accompanying nausea, morning vomiting, walk on a broad basis, balance disorders, abnormal vision, nystagmus, strabismus, hemiparesis, seizures, behavioral changes, weight loss, and the duration of symptoms prior to hospitalization and location of the tumor.

Results. The surveyed group comprised 58 children with brain tumors, 29 girls (50%) and 29 boys (50%). The age of respondents ranged from 2 to 17.5 years. The symptoms, which dominated in patients on admission were: headache, dizziness, vomiting, especially in the morning. The time of occurrence of clinical symptoms varied from several days to several months before hospitalization.

Conclusions. The analysis showed the presence of a brain tumor in children of both sexes with a comparable frequency. Brain tumors in the studied population most often were found in children aged 5-10 years. The location of the tumor was associated with the age of the child. The most common early symptoms of brain tumors in the study group were headache, dizziness, nausea, blurred vision, impaired balance.
Jakość życia chorych na chorobę Alzheimera / The life quality of the people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kozak-Putowska Dorota , Iłżecka Joanna
Published: August 2016

Introduction. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by progressive dementia process. There’s no medicine available to hinder that process. In case, the ill individual is unable to diagnose early symptoms of the disease, they call a doctor in the moment when a neurotic atrophy is irreversible. The patient is gradually losing self-reliance in everyday activities, the ability to take care of themselves, loses touch with the reality and surrounding world, begins to experience distressing symptoms and becomes isolated from the society. All these factors affect the life quality of an individual suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.

Aim. The present article provides an analysis of literature on the quality of life in people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.
High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Latvian Male Kidney Transplant Recipients / Augsta Riska Cilvēka Papilomas Vīrusa Infekcija Vīriešu Dzimuma Nieru Transplantāta Saņēmējiem Latvijā
Authors: Čistjakovs Maksims , Sultanova Alina , Jermakova Olga , Čapenko Svetlana , Lesiņa-Korne Baiba , Rozentāls Rafails , Murovska Modra , Ziediņa Ieva
Published: August 2016

Kidney transplant recipients have higher incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related malignancies, but studies on the natural history of HPV infection are insufficient, especially regarding in male recipients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection after kidney allograft transplantation in male recipients: to estimate frequency and activity of HR-HPV infection under immune system suppression. Twenty male renal recipients (age 20 - 68) were enrolled in this investigation and examined in dynamics. Peripheral EDTA-blood samples and urine samples were collected from each patient 2 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after transplantation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with consensus primers was used for initial detection of high range HPV types, a commercial qPCR kit for detection of HR-HPV load in urine samples and ELISA for detection of serum IgG class antibodies to HR-HPV L1-capsid protein. Overall, combining molecular (HR-HPV genomic sequences detected by real-time PCR) and serological studies (IgG class antibodies to HR-HPV L1-capsids’ protein), high frequency of HRHPV infection among male kidney transplant recipients (9/20; 45%) was showed. However, the majority of HR-HPV positive recipients (7/9; 78%) showed signs of infection clearance. It means that, despite the applied immune suppressive therapy, the host’s immune system is capable of dealing with HR-HPV infection up to the 12th month after transplantation. However, the sample size should be increased to enable through statistical analysis before final conclusions are made.
Immunogenetic Manifestations of Lyme Borreliosis / Imūnìenģtiskās Izpausmes Laimboreliozes Gadījumā
Authors: Kovaļčuka Lilija , Eglīte Jeļena , Zīālīte Māra , Lucenko Irina , Vīksna Ludmila , Krūmiņa Angelika
Published: August 2016

In this study, we sought to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1 alleles that might be associated with Lyme borreliosis in Latvian patients. Case patients and control subjects were similar in age, sex, and ethnic heritage and differed only in the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. The frequency of HLA-DRB1*07 (OR 3.52; p = 0.001), HLA-DRB1*15 (OR 3.02; p = 0.001) and HLA-DRB1 *17 (03) (OR 2.63; p = 0.001) were significantly increased in the Lyme disease patients compared with the control groups. The frequency of the alleles -DRB1*11(OR 0.37; p = 0.005) and -DRB1*13 (OR 0.34; p = 0.002) was smaller in Borreliosis patients and significantly higher in the control group.
Hereditary angioedema - an otolaryngologist’s perspective
Authors: Vuzitas Alexis , Sarafoleanu Codrut
Published: August 2016

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare autosomal dominant disease consisting of recurrent angioedema attacks, varying in severity, possibly life-threatening and with frequent involvement of the head and neck areas. The patophysiology of HAE differs from histamine-mediated allergic angioedema. Three types of reduced quality or quantity in various complement or coagulation factors, leading to massive release of bradykinin, increase vascular permeability and produce capilary leakage. Clinical manifestations of HAE include swelling located predominantly in the head and neck area, hands, feet and urogenital area and abdominal pain caused by edema of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Diagnosis requires laboratory tests for complement components and genetic tests. A timely and correct diagnosis in the emergency room is of utmost importance, the medical treatment of HAE being substantially different from that of allergic angioedema. Although new therapies are available and in development, airway intervention and surgery are still life-saving procedures and the ENT surgeon is an important part of the multidisciplinary team managing an HAE attack.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the pterygopalatine fossa - A case report
Authors: Budu Vlad , Tusaliu Mihail , Coman Alexandru , Bulescu Ioan
Published: August 2016

The pterygopalatine fossa is an inverted pyramid-shaped space of the viscerocranium, protected by bony structures. Surgical access to this anatomical space is difficult, especially for tumor resection. There are numerous open surgical techniques for accessing this space, but nowadays, minimally-invasive endoscopic approaches are preferred in order to increase postoperative quality of life and reduce postoperative morbidities.

The tumors of the pterygopalatine fossa can be benign or malignant, and can occur primarily in the fossa or as secondary extensions from the surrounding regions through the multiple canals and foramina in its walls. Squamous cell carcinomas of this space have been described to appear as extensions from the nasopharynx, the paranasal sinuses or through perineural extension from the cutaneous branches of the maxillary nerve.

In this paper the authors present a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma of the pterygopalatine fossa, which was excised in an endoscopic transnasal approach after preoperative selective embolization.
IDEOLOGICAL FACTOR IN MASS COMMUNICATION: HISTORICAL AND THEORETICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Lylo Taras
Published: August 2016

The article examines the communication nature of ideology, its capacity to serve as a mediator between ideological principles (theory) and political practice. Apart from that, the author shows that the basic paradigms of communication research are ideologically marked and the dominant paradigm is based on the values of liberal democracy, while representatives of the alternative research paradigm mainly attempt at exposing the inadequacy of liberal pluralist ideology.
The frequency of occurrence of extreme and detrimental meteorological conditions for vegetation of crops in Poland (1971–2010)
Authors: Ziernicka-Wojtaszek Agnieszka
Published: August 2016

The frequency of occurrence of extreme and detrimental meteorological conditions for vegetation of crops in Poland (1971-2010). The subject, and aim of this study is the comparison of the frequency of occurrence of thermal, precipitation and pluvio-thermal conditions detrimental to agriculture in Poland during two periods: 1971-2000 and 1981-2010, constituting the former, and the current climate normal, respectively. Each month of the vegetation period (April-October) was, in accordance with the current accounts carried out by agriculture correspondents, assigned to one of the following categories: favorable for vegetation, dry, dry and cool, cool, cool and humid, humid, dry and hot. An identical classification of meteorological vegetation conditions was also carried out for months characterized by extreme air temperature and precipitation values. Extreme values were defined as those monthly temperature mean values, and monthly precipitation totals, the probability of exceeding of which is lower than 10%, i.e. their probability of occurrence, or the socalled recurrence interval, is once every 10 years. The differences existing between the analyzed 30-year periods, can be attributed to the present day climate change - a significant increase in air temperature in April, June, July, and August, with a lack of significant precipitation trends. In the two compared periods, an increase in the number of extreme months from 74 to 82 was stated. The biggest changes during the extreme months were observed for precipitation deficits combined with hot air temperatures, namely, an increase from 15 to 29 months. In general, all the analyzed months of the vegetation period showed an increase in dry months (90 to 105 cases) and a decrease in cool months (44 to 24 cases).
Potential effect of future climate changes on productivity of selected crops in Poland
Authors: Brzóska Barbara , Jaczewski Adam
Published: August 2016

Potential effect of future climate changes on productivity of selected crops in Poland. Future projections of selected climate indices have been used to assess potential effects of climate changes on productivity of selected crops in Poland. CMIP5 global climate models’ results for the future period (2006-2035) and historical one (1981-2010) are used in the study. Models predict decrease in count of days with extreme low temperatures and increase in count of days with extreme high temperatures. An increase in the number of days with very heavy precipitation is also predicted. Not all climate change effects have negative impact on crop productivity in Poland but all of them confirm requirements to put into practice mitigation and adaptation strategies for Poland’s agriculture.
On Semiregularization of Some Abstract Density Topologies Involving Sets Having The Baire Property
Authors: Hejduk Jacek , Wiertelak Renata , Wojdowski Wojciech
Published: August 2016

Some kind of abstract density topology in a topological Baire space is considered. The semiregularization of this type of topology on the real line in many cases is the coarsest topology for which real functions continuous with respect to the abstract density topology are continuous.
Comparison of Some Subfamilies of Functions Having The Baire Property
Authors: Ivanova Gertruda , Karasińska Aleksandra , Wagner-Bojakowska Elżbieta
Published: August 2016

We prove that the family Q of quasi-continuous functions is a strongly porous set in the space Ba of functions having the Baire property. Moreover, the family DQ of all Darboux quasi-continuous functions is a strongly porous set in the space DBa of Darboux functions having the Baire property. It implies that each family of all functions having the A-Darboux property is strongly porous in DBa if A has the (∗)-property.
Negative frequency‐dependent interactions can underlie phenotypic heterogeneity in a clonal microbial population
Authors: Healey David , Axelrod Kevin , Gore Jeff
Published: August 2016

Genetically identical cells in microbial populations often exhibit a remarkable degree of phenotypic heterogeneity even in homogenous environments. Such heterogeneity is commonly thought to represent a bet‐hedging strategy against environmental uncertainty. However, evolutionary game theory predicts that phenotypic heterogeneity may also be a response to negative frequency‐dependent interactions that favor rare phenotypes over common ones. Here we provide experimental evidence for this alternative explanation in the context of the well‐studied yeast GAL network. In an environment containing the two sugars glucose and galactose, the yeast GAL network displays stochastic bimodal activation. We show that in this mixed sugar environment, GAL‐ON and GAL‐OFF phenotypes can each invade the opposite phenotype when rare and that there exists a resulting stable mix of phenotypes. Consistent with theoretical predictions, the resulting stable mix of phenotypes is not necessarily optimal for population growth. We find that the wild‐type mixed strategist GAL network can invade populations of both pure strategists while remaining uninvasible by either. Lastly, using laboratory evolution we show that this mixed resource environment can directly drive the de novo evolution of clonal phenotypic heterogeneity from a pure strategist population. Taken together, our results provide experimental evidence that negative frequency‐dependent interactions can underlie the phenotypic heterogeneity found in clonal microbial populations.
Gene and Network Analysis of Common Variants Reveals Novel Associations in Multiple Complex Diseases
Authors: Nakka Priyanka , Raphael Benjamin J , Ramachandran Sohini
Published: August 2016

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies typically lack power to detect genotypes significantly associated with complex diseases, where different causal mutations of small effect may be present across cases. A common, tractable approach for identifying genomic elements associated with complex traits is to evaluate combinations of variants in known pathways or gene sets with shared biological function. Such gene-set analyses require the computation of gene-level P-values or gene scores; these gene scores are also useful when generating hypotheses for experimental validation. However, commonly used methods for generating GWA gene scores are computationally inefficient, biased by gene length, imprecise, or have low true positive rate (TPR) at low false positive rates (FPR), leading to erroneous hypotheses for functional validation. Here we introduce a new method, PEGASUS, for analytically calculating gene scores. PEGASUS produces gene scores with as much as 10 orders of magnitude higher numerical precision than competing methods. In simulation, PEGASUS outperforms existing methods, achieving up to 30% higher TPR when the FPR is fixed at 1%. We use gene scores from PEGASUS as input to HotNet2 to identify networks of interacting genes associated with multiple complex diseases and traits; this is the first application of HotNet2 to common variation. In ulcerative colitis and waist–hip ratio, we discover networks that include genes previously associated with these phenotypes, as well as novel candidate genes. In contrast, existing methods fail to identify these networks. We also identify networks for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, in which GWA studies have yet to identify any significant SNPs.
Discontinuation and Nonpublication of Randomized Clinical Trials Conducted in Children
Authors: Pica Natalie , Bourgeois Florence
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND:

Trial discontinuation and nonpublication represent potential waste in research resources and lead to compromises in medical evidence. Pediatric trials may be particularly vulnerable to these outcomes given the challenges encountered in conducting trials in children. We aimed to determine the prevalence of discontinuation and nonpublication of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted in pediatric populations.

METHODS:

Retrospective, cross-sectional study of pediatric RCTs registered in ClinicalTrials.gov from 2008 to 2010. Data were collected from the registry and associated publications identified (final search on September 1, 2015).

RESULTS:

Of 559 trials, 104 (19%) were discontinued early, accounting for an estimated 8369 pediatric participants. Difficulty with patient accrual (37%) was the most commonly cited reason for discontinuation. Trials were less likely to be discontinued if they were funded by industry compared with academic institutions (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27–0.77). Of the 455 completed trials, 136 (30%) were not published, representing 69 165 pediatric participants. Forty-two unpublished trials posted results on ClinicalTrials.gov. Trials funded by industry were more than twice as likely to result in nonpublication at 24 and 36 months (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.35–3.64; OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.6–6.08, respectively) and had a longer mean time to publication compared with trials sponsored by academia (33 vs 24 months, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this sample of pediatric RCTs, discontinuation and nonpublication were common, with thousands of children exposed to interventions that did not lead to informative or published findings. Trial funding source was an important determinant of these outcomes, with both academic and industry sponsors contributing to inefficiencies.
Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae, Phyllomedusa camba De la Riva, 1999: distribution extension and geographic distribution map
Authors: Santos Danusy Lopes , Andrade Sheila Pereira de , Castro Elias Gonzaga de , Vaz-Silva Wilian
Published: August 2016

This note reports a new record of Phyllomedusa camba De la Riva, 1999 in the municipality of Tangará da Serra, state of Mato Grosso, which represents the species easternmost known locality.
Epiphytic macroalgae from Boa Viagem Beach, Recife, Pernambuco state, Brazil
Authors: Soares Luanda Pereira , Fujii Mutue Toyota
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to carry out a taxonomic survey of epiphytic seaweeds that occur on reefs of Boa Viagem Beach, located in the metropolitan region of Recife – Pernambuco state, Brazil. The samplings were performed in the dry season (December 2009) and rainy season (April 2010) at intertidal reefs using 625 cm2 squares. Voucher specimens are deposited at the Herbarium of the Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil (SP). A total of 48 taxa were recorded of which 20 were Chlorophyta, 27 Rhodophyta and one Heterokontophyta. The most representative orders were Ceramiales and Cladophorales, with 17 and 10 taxa respectively. Nine species are new additions to the flora of Pernambucan coast. Gelidium pusillum (Stackh.) Le Jol. 1863 and Chondracanthus saundersii C. W. Schneid. and C. E. Lane 2005 had the highest number of epiphytic macroalgae. The majority of species was collected in the rainy season and on wave-exposed sites.
Effect of fire on the herpetofauna of the Koanaka Hills, Ngamiland, Botswana
Authors: Kennedy Alicia M. , Marais Johan , Bauer Aaron M. , Lewis Patrick J. , Thies Monte L.
Published: August 2016

Ngamiland is one of the most remote regions in Botswana, and its herpetofauna is largely under-surveyed. This study documents the herpetofauna of the Koanaka Hills (KH) in Ngamiland in 2009 following extensive fire destruction and compares it to the pre-fire herpetofauna collected in 2008. We also provide new records for the region for three amphibian and six reptile species, and document vouchers for two taxa that were sighted but not collected in 2008. During 2009, 14 reptile and three amphibian species were collected, bringing the total number of confirmed herpetofaunal taxa near the KH to three amphibian and 19 reptile species. For seven species this is the first published occurrence in quarter degree square 2021 Aa. Analyses measuring changes in the KH herpetofauna following the fire are inconclusive due to differences in collection effort and weather conditions. However, these data suggest that fire impact was minimal.
Sceloporus smithi Hartweg and Oliver, 1937 (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae): distributional range extension and a new elevation record from Oaxaca, México
Authors: Mata-Silva Vicente , Johnson Jerry D. , Ramírez-Bautista Aurelio , Hernández-Salinas Uriel
Published: August 2016

A male Sceloporus smithi was collected at Hierve El Agua, in the Municipality of San Lorenzo Albarradas, Oaxaca, México. This record extends the known distribution of the species by approximately 25 km N from the closest acknowledged locality and also represents a new upward elevational record. Even though the elevation at this site is almost 700 m higher than for previously documented localities, the subhumid forest and igneous rock association is similar to other inhabited localities at lower elevations.
First record of Baseodiscus mexicanus (Bürger, 1893) (Nemertea: Heteronemertea) from Japanese waters
Authors: Kajihara Hiroshi , Yoshida Ryuta , Uyeno Daisuke
Published: August 2016

The heteronemertean Baseodiscus mexicanus (Bürger, 1893) was previously known exclusively from the eastern Pacific, except for fragmentary records from Palau and Indonesia, which suggested a possible amphi-Pacific tropical distribution. A single specimen of B. mexicanus collected in Okinawa, Japan, represents the first record of this species from Japanese waters and provides additional evidence for the occurrence of the species in the western Pacific. Baseodiscus mexicanus is strikingly similar in appearance to a sympatric moray eel, Gymnomuraena zebra (Shaw, 1797) (Actinopterygii: Anguilliformes: Muraenidae), possibly indicating a relationship of mimicry between them.
Holothuria (Semperothuria) surinamensis Ludwig, 1875 (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea): Record of the species for the northeast coast of Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Jéssica Prata de , Christoffersen Martin Lindsey
Published: August 2016

Holothuria (Semperothuria) surinamensis Ludwig, 1875 (Holothuroidea: Holothuriidae) was recorded for the first time in northeastern Brazil, from reefs at Ponta Verde, Maceió Municipality, state of Alagoas, Brazil. The identified specimens are deposited in the Echinoderm Collection, Invertebrate Collection Paulo Young, Federal University of Paraíba.
Floristic composition of a freshwater swamp forest remnant in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Magalhães Júlio H. Ribeiro , Maimoni-Rodella Rita C. S.
Published: August 2016

The floristic composition in a freshwater swamp forest remnant located in the municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo state, Brazil, was studied. Only Angiosperms were collected in the area by means of random walks. A total of 92 species were registered. The families with greater species richness were: Orchidaceae (17 species), Rubiaceae (8) and Myrtaceae (5). The arboreal component was predominant. The profile diagram of the vegetation showed a well-defined stratification, with a continuous canopy and an inferior tree layer composed mainly by individuals of Euterpe edulis Mart.. A comparison among the angiosperms of the study area and those of ten swamp forests in São Paulo state suggests that the geographic position and other ecologic peculiarities of these forests, besides soil flooding, are factors that can influence their similarity concerning the floristic composition.
British Dam Society strategy: the future of the BDS
Authors: Williamson Tracey
Published: August 2016

The 2011 British Dam Society (BDS) Strategy has been reviewed and updated by a Working Group from the BDS Committee. This article summarises the process for agreeing the updates and the changes made. It describes the next steps that will be taken to achieve the five new objectives and to work towards the BDS's vision to be a growing, inclusive and vibrant society, sharing knowledge and improving reservoir safety.
SAJSM 1996 No.3
Authors: . .
Published: August 2016

SAJSM 1996 No.3
SAJSM 1998 No.1
Authors: . .
Published: August 2016

SAJSM 1998 No.1
Behavioural response to exercise in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: McKune AJ , Pautz J , Lomjbard J
Published: August 2016

SA Sports Medicine Vol.15(3) 2003: 17-21
LEARNING TASKS’ WHAT AND HOW: PERSPEKTIF DOSEN DAN MAHASISWA MENGENAI TUGAS PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Gusrayani Diah
Published: August 2016

Kemampuan untuk merancang tugas belajar otentik dan bermakna adalah salah satu dari ribuan prasyarat guru. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa guru sekolah dasar tidak dapat dapat merancang dan menerapkan tugas-tugas yang bermakna dalam dan setelah waktu mengajar. UPI PGSD sebagai lembaga yang mempersiapkan guru SD seharusnya lebih memperhatikan hal ini. Kurikulum yang dibuat selayaknya menggambarkan apa yang menjadi kebutuhan guru sekolah dasar terutama yang berhubungan dengan pemberian tugas. Objek penelitian ini terdiri dari 126 mahasiswa dan 28 dosen. Mereka diberi kuesioner mengenai: 1) bagaimana mahasiswa dan dosen mempersepsikan tugas belajar? 2) bagaimana siswa dan guru peran dalam mengumpulkan data untuk tugas-tugas belajar? 3) apakah tugas telah dirancang untuk memenuhi standar tugas otentik? 4) bagaimana dosen dan mahasiswa merasakan umpan balik untuk tugas-tugas belajar mereka? Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa persepsi mahasiswa dan dosen terhadap tugas-tugas belajar mempengaruhi bagaimana mereka bersikap terhadap hal itu.
PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKATIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA SISWA DI KELAS IV SD
Authors: Asiah -
Published: August 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa dalam berbicara. Peneliti menerapkan pendekatan komunikatif melalui metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan penerapan pendekatan komunikatif menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dalam keterampilan berbicara siswa kelas IV SDN Jatiroke I baik secara lisan maupun tulisan. Peningkatan ini dapat dilihat dari hasil observasi dan pelaksanaan tindakan perbaikan pada setiap siklusnya. Siklus I yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM 60 ada 16 siswa (61,53%) dengan rata-rata kelas 62,30 meningkat secara signifikan di siklus II menjadi 25 siswa (96,15%) dengan rata-rata kelas 80.
MENEMUKAN KEMBALI RUMUS LUAS PERSEGI PANJANG DENGAN KONSTRUKTIVISME (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA PGSD)
Authors: Isrok’atun -
Published: August 2016

Suatu pengetahuan merupakan hasil konstruksi siswa sendiri yang menyebabkan belajar akan lebih bermakna. Terkadang seorang pendidik lupa bahwa seorang siswa mempunyai pengalaman hidup dalam dirinya sebagai konsep awal siswa. Apabila diungkap konsep awal mereka, maka dengan mudah siswa tersebut dapat menerima pengetahuan/materi baru, karena siswa tersebut secara tidak langsung membangun pengetahuannya sendiri. Pandangan konstruktivisme dalam pembelajaran merupakan proses belajar mengajar sedemikian rupa sehingga siswa sendiri yang aktif secara mental membangun pengetahuannya, dilandasi oleh struktur kognitif yang telah dimiliki. Dalam hubungannya dengan penguasaan konsep geometri oleh siswa, yang harus diperhatikan adalah bagaimana anak membentuk konsep tersebut dalam struktur kognitifnya. Hafalnya siswa terhadap rumusan konsep belum menjadi jaminan bahwa ia telah belajar geometri dalam arti yang sebenarnya. Seperti halnya, rumus luas persegi panjang tidaklah instan, akan tetapi dapat ditemukan kembali, dengan cara mengkonstruksi melalui pengetahuan awal yang siswa miliki. Siswa diarahkan pada suatu kegiatan, sehingga siswa terlihat menyenangi dan tidak bosan, sampai menemukan rumus persegi panjang.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD PADA PEMBELAJARAN MENGIDENTIFIKASI JENIS MAKANAN HEWAN DI SD
Authors: Sukaesih Ocih
Published: August 2016

Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Jatiroke I Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang mengalami kesulitan dalam menyelesaikan pembelajaran mengidentifikasi jenis makanan hewan pada pembelajaran IPA. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe students teams-achievement divisions (STAD) melalui penelitian tindakan kelas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pada siklus 1 telah terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan dalam pembelajaran pembelajaran mengidentifikasi jenis makanan hewan, yaitu pemerolehan nilai dari 18 siswa yang mendapatkan nilai di atas 70 bertambah menjadi 10 siswa atau 55%. Pada siklus 2, semua siswa atau 100% siswa mendapatkan nilai di atas 70.
IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT KEJUJURAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR MELALUI GEROBAK KEJUJURAN DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Reffiane Fine , Saputra Henry Januar , Hidayat Taufik
Published: August 2016

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pentingnya sekolah mengetahui tingkat kejujuraan siswa di sekolahnya. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat kejujuran siswa Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2014 -Juni 2014 di Sekolah Dasar Kota Semarang. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Sumber data diperoleh dari observasi tersamar, wawacara terstruktur dan dokumen. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kejujuran siswa di Sekolah Dasar di Semarang, belum sepenuhnya mencapai 100%. Masih terdapat beberapa siswa yang belum bisa berperilaku jujur. Perilaku tidak jujur tersebut disebabkan oleh (1) adanya kesempatan; (2) kondisi lingkungan (siswa berasal dari lingkungan kurang baik dan tidak berpendidikan). Meskipun begitu dari data grafik batang menunjukan bahwa terjadi peningkatan tingkat kejujuran dari hari ke hari meskipun juga terjadi kondisi yang menunjukan bahwa tingkat kejujuran mengalami penurunan.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TRANSDISCIPLINARY TERHADAP KARAKTER SISWA PADA SEKOLAH DASAR INTERNASIONAL BERBASIS INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE
Authors: Sunaengsih Cucun
Published: August 2016

Pengembangan inovasi pembelajaran yang diwujudkan dalam model pembelajaran menjadi kebutuhan utama sistem pendidikan guna membentuk karakter siswa yang berkualitas. Ada banyak model pembelajaran yang dapat membentuk karakter siswa. Model pembelajaran yang dianggap dapat membentuk karakter siswa yang dikembangkan pada sekolah dasar internasional berbasis International Baccalaureate (IB) yaitu model pembelajaran Trandisciplinary atau transdisiplin. Model transdisciplinary dianggap paling dapat membentuk karakter siswa karena mengintegrasikan berbagai disipilin ilmu sehingga mampu menciptakan suatu pemahaman yang utuh. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian survei dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif. Adapun yang menjadi populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh guru yang ada pada Sekolah Dasar International Berbasis IB di Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Trandisciplinary berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap karakter siswa. Nilai korelasi keduanya berada pada posisi tinggi.
PENERAPAN MEDIA MONOSA (MONOPOLI BAHASA) BERBASIS KEMANDIRIAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Suciati Sri , Septiana Ika , Untari Mei Fita Asri
Published: August 2016

Penelitian ini menerapkan media pembelajaran Monosa (monopoli bahasa) berbasis kemandirian anak dalam pembelajaran di kelas. Penelitian pengembangan (RnD) ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan prototype media pembelajaran monosa berbasis kemandirian pada siswa SD. Berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan diperoleh draft produk monosa, yaitu media yang tidak hanya sekali pakai dan terbuat dari bahan yang anti air, berukuran sedang dan dapat diletakkan di meja. Media pembelajaran memuat materi yang beragam dan mencakup semua aspek keterampilan berbahasa. Media disertai gambar yang beragam sesuai dengan materi bahasa Indonesia SD kelas IV. Berdasarkan hasil validasi diperoleh hasil bahwa media pembelajaran Monosa layak digunakan. Selain dapat digunakan oleh peserta didik, media pembelajaran ini juga dapat menciptakan suasana menyenangkan serta tidak menjenuhkan karena pembelajaran dilakukan dengan bermain. Setelah dilakukan revisi berdasarkan uji ahli, media monosa diujicobakan pada kelas kecil. Didapatkan hasil bahwa media monosa memiliki keefektifan, keefisiensian, dan memiliki daya tarik kepada pengguna. Berdasarkan observasi yang dilakukan selama pembelajaran, media ini mampu memberikan kebermaknaan dalam pembelajaran, yaitu mengembangkan nilai karakter kemampuan bekerja sama, sportifitas, keaktifan individu siswa, kemandirian siswa, berpikir kritis, dan peduli.
PERSEPSI GURU MENGENAI SEX EDUCATION DI SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS VI
Authors: Panjaitan Regina Lichteria , Djuanda Dadan , Hanifah Nurdinah
Published: August 2016

Peranan teknologi, khususnya teknologi informasi di dalam membangun masyarakat Indonesia abad XXI. Indonesia sudah mulai masuk pada tahapan masyarakat telematika tentunya akan berdampak besar pada seluruh aras kehidupan bangsa Indonesia terutama pada anak-anak. Munculnya revolusi besar terhadap dunia bermain anak, kehadiran internet menggantikan ruang lapang terbuka untuk bermain anak, selain itu internet menghadirkan tayangan yang berbau pornografi serta kekerasan yang bisa merugikan perkembangan kepribadian anak-anak, yang mengarahkan perilaku seksual anak. Prilaku penyimpangan seksual di tingkat persekolahan cukup mengejutkan, tentunya ini merupakan tantangan bagi dunia pendidikan dan perlu dijadikan dasar pemikiran bagi perlunya pembaharuan dalam pembelajaran. Hal yang menjadi bahan pertimbangan adalah selama ini, pendidikan seks untuk anak usia dini dianggap tabu di kalangan masyarakat. Guru merupakan salah satu faktor penentu tinggi rendahnya mutu hasil pendidikan mempunyai posisi strategis dalam mentransformasikan sex education pada peserta didik oleh karena itu penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisis bagaimana persepsi guru terhadap sex education di tingkat sekolah dasar, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif.
RESENSI BUKU: MEMBUKA PEMIKIRAN BARU TENTANG BELAJAR DAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Syahid Aah Ahmad
Published: August 2016

Buku dengan judul Implementasi Belajar dan Pembelajaran ini hadir dengan memfokuskan pada perkembangan teori dan konsep belajar dan pembelajaran serta  implementasi keduanya. Sesuai dengan judulnya, buku ini banyak membahas bagaimana penerapan teori serta praktik pada implementasi belajar dan pembelajaran di ruang kelas dengan mengaitkan antara kompetensi guru dengan penerapan berbagai metode pembelajaran. Hubungan antara kedua tugas pokok guru tersebut pada pembelajaran abad ke-21 semakin tegas diperlukan dan semakin kompleks. Kaitannya dengan kurikulum terbaru yaitu kurikulum 2013, buku ini mengetengahkan contoh-contoh yang dapat diaplikasikan pada kegiatan pembelajaran saintifik. Berbagai variasi metode pembelajaran disajikan oleh Suyono dan Hariyanto dalam buku terbitan PT. Remaja Rosdakarya tahun 2015 ini untuk membantu para pembacanya menemukan kegiatan pembelajaran yang pas dan sesuai kebutuhan belajar peserta didik.
Cultural Imperialism in the Discourse of Globalization (Subjective Factors)
Authors: Zrazhevska Nina
Published: August 2016

In this research the subjective reasons for the expansion of global culture in local cultures are explored. The main objective is to analyze the subjective factors of the cultural imperialism and to show that psychological, marketing and technological factors are no less important than ideological and economic reasons of globalization.

The methodology of research is based on cultural approach to the process of cultural imperialism, which describes at least four main scenarios of globalization. The first scenario is a global homogenization and cultural unification under the influence of “cultural imperialism”. The second scenario, “peripheral corruption” is the expansion of the Western culture to the peripheral segments in a global world, where the peripheral cultures filtrate and adapt the global cultural products. The third scenario is a “mosaic” culture of the isolated competing cultures of the hostile civilizations. The fourth scenario is an open egalitarian world with intense cultural exchange.

We conclude that the subjective aspects of cultural globalization relate to the production of discourse, in which great narratives are challenged by the diversity of consumption practices. Given that globalization policy involves multiculturalism, the multiplicity of identities triggered by the virtualization technologies causes the new forms of cultural interaction and allows playing with different cultural contexts. The cultural imperialism is caused by the interpenetration of cultures resulting from the multicultural policy of the Western countries, that creates the effect of self-identity within the global cultural discourse.

Cultural imperialism takes place due to the media-globalization, since the media-culture dominates in contemporary cultural discourse. In the contemporary socio-cultural environment, the media acquired global significance and technologically expanded human capabilities. A distinctive feature of the modern technologies is their potential to not only extend human capabilities, but also to significantly influence humanity, change human’s perception of the world and of oneself.

Based on the cultural approach to the problem of globalization, we substantiate that in contemporary Ukraine the second scenario of cultural imperialism (“peripheral corruption”) dominates. It filtrates the globalized cultural products and adapts them for itself.
Ionic Liquids: from Neoteric Solvents to New Materials
Authors: Gómez Montserrat , Plaquevent Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2016

We are glad and proud to present this special issue of the French Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry, dedicated to the chemistry of ionic liquids.
O IMPACTO DOS SERVIÇOS AO CLIENTE NO MARKETING DE RELACIONAMENTO ENTRE MINIMERCADOS E SEUS FORNECEDORES
Authors: Meurer Aline Maura , Antoni Verner Luis , Cruz Cassiana Maris Lima
Published: August 2016

 

Em um ambiente de acirrada competição, a construção de relacionamentos sustentáveis entre os participantes de um canal comercial assume maior importância, tornando o desenvolvimento de parcerias estratégicas e cooperação mútua fundamental para as empresas aumentarem sua competitividade no mercado. Considerando esse contexto, com o estudo desenvolvido objetivou-se examinar as relações existentes entre os serviços ao cliente e o marketing de relacionamento nas transações entre minimercados e seus principais fornecedores. A mensuração do marketing de relacionamento foi feita por meio da escala proposta por Wilson e Vlosky (1997), e o nível de serviços ao cliente foi verificado pelos indicadores de serviços, gerados em uma etapa exploratória com gestores de minimercados. Utilizando-se Regressão Múltipla foi possível identificar que os serviços ao cliente apresentam influência no relacionamento do canal estudado. Os resultados também demonstram que o relacionamento entre minimercados e seus fornecedores é frágil, exceto na dimensão comprometimento.

Palavras-chave: Marketing de relacionamento. Serviços ao cliente. Canal de marketing. Minimercados.

 

The impact of customer service in marketing relationship between minimarkets and its suppliers

 

Abstract

 

In a tough competitive environment, building sustainable relationships between the participants of a commercial channel assumes greater importance, making the development of strategic partnerships and mutual cooperation essential for the companies that wish to improve their competitiveness in the market. Given this context, the study developed aimed to examine the existing relationship between customer services and relationship marketing in transactions between minimarkets and its main suppliers. The relationship marketing measurement was evaluated through the scale proposed by Wilson and Vlosky (1997), and the level of customer service was verified through service indicators generated in an exploratory stage with minimarkets owners. Through Multiple Regression it was found that customer services influence in this study channel. The results showed that the relationship between mini-markets’ owners and their suppliers is fragile, except on the commitment dimension.

Keywords: Relationship marketing. Customer services. Marketing channel. Minimarkets
Is Trying to Quit Associated With Tooth Loss and Delayed Yearly Dental Visit Among Smokers? Results of the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: ALHarthi Shatha S. , Al‐Motlag Sarah K. , Wahi Monika M.
Published: August 2016

Background: The rate of periodontitis in the US population has been estimated to be close to 50%. Patients with periodontitis, especially those who smoke, suffer from a high rate of tooth loss. The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate predictors of poor oral health and oral health habits among smokers and determine if trying to quit smoking is associated with better oral health or oral health habits in smokers in the United States.

Methods: Data from the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used in the analysis. After limiting the dataset to smokers, the designated exposure was respondent’s report of trying to quit smoking (yes/no). Two logistic regression models were developed. One model identified factors associated with having a most recent dental visit longer than 1 year before the survey. The second model identified factors associated with loss of six or more teeth. Both models were controlled for confounding factors.

Results: After controlling for confounding, among smokers in the 2014 BRFSS, trying to quit was associated with significantly lower odds of respondents having their most recent dental visit longer than a year before the survey (odds ratio [OR]: 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90 to 0.97) and was a significant risk factor for having lost six or more teeth (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.10).

Conclusions: Among smokers in the United States, trying to quit is associated with compliance with yearly dental visits and higher odds of lost teeth. Future research should investigate optimal approaches for providing smoking cessation services in the dental setting.
Perfil de resistência aos antimicrobianos e prevalência da produção de beta-lactamases de espectro estendido em cepas de Escherichia coli em um hospital terciário do Ceará, Brasil (2010 – 2013)
doi: 10.20513/2447-6595.2016v56n1p8-13
Authors: Augusto Kathiane Lustosa , Martins Andrea Goiana , Bezerra Leonardo Robson Pinheiro Sobreira , Neto Jose Ananias Vasconcelos , Vasconcelos Camila Teixeira Moreira , Karbage Sara Arcanjo Lino , Ferreira Thales Wellington Menezes , Façanha Nathália Cabó , Ogawa Erika Perdigão , Bilhar Andreisa Paiva Monteiro , Girão Evelyne Santana
Published: August 2016

OBJETIVOS: A resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos comumente utilizados na prática médica para tratamento das infecções do trato urinário (ITU) vem crescendo nos últimos anos, acarretando maiores gastos com a saúde da mulher. Os objetivos deste estudo são traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos uropatógenos e o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana desses microorganismos nas urinoculturas positivas de mulheres, acima de 18 anos, atendidas ambulatorialmente em um hospital terciário de Fortaleza entre os anos de 2010 a 2013, além de prover um perfil da produção da enzima beta-lactamase de espectro estendido (ESBL) nas cepas de E. coli isoladas nos anos de 2010 a 2012. METODOLOGIA: Realizado estudo retrospectivo transversal no Hospital Geral de Fortaleza (HGF), coletando-se um total de 2.852 urinoculturas e obtendo-se dados acerca da prevalência de uropatógenos e o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana destes microorganismos. A identificação das espécies bacterianas e testes de antibiograma foram realizados utilizando-se a metodologia automatizada Vitek 2 ( bioMérieux). A produção de betalactamases de espectro estendido também foi detectada pelo Vitek 2, seguindo os critérios do CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute).  RESULTADOS: Do total 2.852 urinoculturas positivas, 1.193 (41,8%) eram de mulheres com idade superior a 18 anos de demanda ambulatorial. Dessas amostras, Escherichia coli foi o agente mais prevalente (59,8%). Observa-se incidência crescente isolamento de E. coli durante o período estudado (p<0.001).  As cepas de E. coli encontradas  apresentaram  taxas elevadas de resistência para ampicilina (de 52 a 67%) , sulfametoxazol-trimetropim ( 43 a50%) , ciprofloxacino ( 26 a 35%) e cefalotina ( 22 a 30%) no período estudado. Do total de 713 cepas de E. coli isoladas, 71 (9,9%) foram produtoras ESBL. Observou-se importante  tendência  de crescimento  no período avaliado, variando de 10,7% em 2010 a 18,6% em 2012. CONCLUSÕES: E. coli foi o principal agente de infecção urinária em mulheres adultas na comunidade, com elevadas taxas de resistência aos antimicrobianos mais utilizados.As taxas crescentes de produção de ESBL por esse patógena são alarmantes, dificultando o tratamento dessas infecções.