bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arteriovenous blood metabolomics: An efficient method to determine the key metabolic pathway for milk synthesis in the intra-mammary gland
Authors: Wang Bing , Sun Huizeng , Wu Xuehui , Jiang Linshu , Guan Le Luo , Liu Jianxin
Published: March 2018

The present study aimed to identify metabolic signature changes of the arteriovenous metabolome and the new metabolites that involved in mammary biological process during milk synthesis. GC/MS-based metabolomics profiling of arteriovenous plasma from 30 lactating dairy cows fed three diets identified a total of 144 metabolites. Phenylalanine and tyrosine, involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism, were shown higher expression in the artery than in the vein based on both GC/MS and targeted analysis for cows fed both alfalfa hay diet and rice straw diet. Mammary uptake or clearance of citric acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, fructose, β-mannosylglycerate, 4-hydroxybutyrate, and D-talose were significantly correlated with milk performance or feed intake, indicating that these metabolites might be newly identified precursors or indicators of milk synthesis. This comprehensive assessment of metabolic changes in the arteriovenous metabolome will provide a fundamental understanding of the key metabolites involved in milk synthesis and shows implications of how metabolites from arteriovenous plasma across MG are involved in biological processes or physiological functions for milk synthesis. The newly identified metabolites from the present study provide potential new targeted insights into the study of physiological process for milk synthesis in the MG.
NRF2 regulates the glutamine transporter Slc38a3 (SNAT3) in kidney in response to metabolic acidosis
Authors: Lister Adam , Bourgeois Soline , Imenez Silva Pedro H. , Rubio-Aliaga Isabel , Marbet Philippe , Walsh Joanne , Shelton Luke M. , Keller Bettina , Verrey Francois , Devuyst Olivier , Giesbertz Pieter , Daniel Hannelore , Goldring Christopher E. , Copple Ian M. , Wagner Carsten A. , Odermatt Alex
Published: March 2018

Expression of the glutamine transporter SNAT3 increases in kidney during metabolic acidosis, suggesting a role during ammoniagenesis. Microarray analysis of Nrf2 knock-out (KO) mouse kidney identified Snat3 as the most significantly down-regulated transcript compared to wild-type (WT). We hypothesized that in the absence of NRF2 the kidney would be unable to induce SNAT3 under conditions of metabolic acidosis and therefore reduce the availability of glutamine for ammoniagenesis. Metabolic acidosis was induced for 7 days in WT and Nrf2 KO mice. Nrf2 KO mice failed to induce Snat3 mRNA and protein expression during metabolic acidosis. However, there were no differences in blood pH, bicarbonate, pCO2, chloride and calcium or urinary pH, ammonium and phosphate levels. Normal induction of ammoniagenic enzymes was observed whereas several amino acid transporters showed differential regulation. Moreover, Nrf2 KO mice during acidosis showed increased expression of renal markers of oxidative stress and injury and NRF2 activity was increased during metabolic acidosis in WT kidney. We conclude that NRF2 is required to adapt the levels of SNAT3 in response to metabolic acidosis. In the absence of NRF2 and SNAT3, the kidney does not have any major acid handling defect; however, increased oxidative stress and renal injury may occur.
Combined maternal and postnatal high-fat diet leads to metabolic syndrome and is effectively reversed by resveratrol: a multiple-organ study
Authors: Sheen Jiunn-Ming , Yu Hong-Ren , Tain You-Lin , Tsai Wan-Long , Tiao Mao-Meng , Lin I-Chun , Tsai Ching-Chou , Lin Yu-Ju , Huang Li-Tung
Published: March 2018

This study aimed to study the impact of a combination of maternal and post-weaning high-fat diets and whether resveratrol was beneficial. Sprague-Dawley dams were fed either chow or a high-fat diet, before mating, during pregnancy, and into lactation. At weaning, their offspring were randomly fed chow or a high-fat diet. Four experimental groups were generated: CC (maternal/postnatal chow diet), HC (maternal high-fat/postnatal chow diet), CH (maternal chow/postnatal high-fat diet), and HH (maternal/postnatal high-fat diet). A fifth group consisted of HH plus resveratrol. The 4 month-old offspring of HH group had higher body weight, higher levels of plasma triglycerides, leptin, angiotensin I and angiotensin II and abnormal intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test results, which fulfilled the features of metabolic syndrome. The dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system was seen in multiple organs. Sirtuin 1 expression/abundance was reduced by a maternal/postnatal high-fat diet, in all the organs examined. Resveratrol ameliorated most of the features of metabolic syndrome and molecular alterations. The administration of a high-fat diet in both periods showed interactive metabolic effects in the plasma and many organs. Our results suggest that a maternal high-fat diet sensitizes offspring to the adverse effects of subsequent high-fat intake on multiple organs.
Opportunistic migration and habitat use of the giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata (Teleostei: Elopomorpha)
Authors: Arai Takaomi , Chino Naoko
Published: March 2018

Freshwater eels have fascinated biologists for centuries due to the spectacular long-distance migrations between their freshwater habitats and their spawning areas far out in the ocean. Although freshwater eels originated in the Indonesian region, remarkably little is known about the life history of tropical freshwater eels. The diverse migratory patterns and habitat choice between marine and freshwater environments by the giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 were examined by analysing the otolith strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) concentrations collected in Asian waters. The wide range of otolith Sr:Ca ratios indicated that the habitat use of A. marmorata was opportunistic among fresh, brackish, and marine waters. The present study first confirmed the occurrence of marine-resident eels that have never migrated into a freshwater habitat in A. marmorata. A. marmorata may have the same behavioural plasticity as temperate and other tropical anguillid species regarding whether to enter freshwater or to remain in estuarine and marine environments. Freshwater eels migrate flexibly among freshwater, brackish water, and seawater environments and it is now evident that their movement into freshwater is not an obligate migratory pathway but should be defined as an opportunistic catadromy, with marine and estuarine residents as ecophenotypes.
Toxigenic effects of two benthic diatoms upon grazing activity of the sea urchin: morphological, metabolomic and de novo transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Ruocco Nadia , Costantini Susan , Zupo Valerio , Lauritano Chiara , Caramiello Davide , Ianora Adrianna , Budillon Alfredo , Romano Giovanna , Nuzzo Genoveffa , D’Ippolito Giuliana , Fontana Angelo , Costantini Maria
Published: March 2018

Diatoms are unicellular algae playing a key role as photosynthetic organisms in the world’s ocean food webs. The chemical ecology of planktonic diatoms is well documented, but few studies have reported on the effects of benthic diatoms on their consumers, also due to difficulties in the collection, quantification and massive culturing of benthic species. Here for the first time we investigate the effects of feeding on two abundantly occurring benthic diatoms, Nanofrustulum shiloi and Cylindrotheca closterium, isolated from the leaves of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica, on the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Adult P. lividus were fed for one month on diets of either one of the two diatoms and on the green alga Ulva rigida, used as a feeding control. By combining morphological, metabolomic and de novo transcriptomic approaches, we demonstrate toxigenic effect on embryos generated by females fed with these benthic diatoms. Furthermore, chemical analysis reveal the presence of polyunsaturated aldehydes only for N. shiloi, and a high production of other oxylipins (cytotoxic compounds on their grazers and on cancer cell lines) for both diatoms, including some additional peaks not correlated to the canonic oxylipins commonly observed in planktonic diatoms. These findings open new perspectives in the study of diatom secondary metabolites influencing their grazers.
Flat-Field Super-Resolution Localization Microscopy with a Low-Cost Refractive Beam-Shaping Element
Authors: Rowlands Christopher J. , Ströhl Florian , Ramirez Pedro P. Vallejo , Scherer Katharina M. , Kaminski Clemens F.
Published: March 2018

Super-resolution single-molecule localization microscopy, often referred to as PALM/STORM, works by ensuring that fewer than one fluorophore in a diffraction-limited volume is emitting at any one time, allowing the observer to infer that the emitter is located at the center of the point-spread function. This requires careful control over the incident light intensity in order to control the rate at which fluorophores are switched on; if too many fluorophores are activated, their point-spread functions overlap, which impedes efficient localization. If too few are activated, the imaging time is impractically long. There is therefore considerable recent interest in constructing so-called ‘top-hat’ illumination profiles that provide a uniform illumination over the whole field of view. We present the use of a single commercially-available low-cost refractive beamshaping element that can be retrofitted to almost any existing microscope; the illumination profile created by this element demonstrates a marked improvement in the power efficiency of dSTORM microscopy, as well as a significant reduction in the propensity for reconstruction artifacts, compared to conventional Gaussian illumination.
Novel Approach for Enhanced Scandium and Titanium Leaching Efficiency from Bauxite Residue with Suppressed Silica Gel Formation
Authors: Alkan Gözde , Yagmurlu Bengi , Cakmakoglu Seckin , Hertel Tobias , Kaya Şerif , Gronen Lars , Stopic Srecko , Friedrich Bernd
Published: March 2018

The need of light weight alloys for future transportation industry puts Sc and Ti under a sudden demand. While these metals can bring unique and desired properties to alloys, lack of reliable sources brought forth a supply problem which can be solved by valorization of the secondary resources. Bauxite residue (red mud), with considerable Ti and Sc content, is a promising resource for secure supply of these metals. Due to drawbacks of the direct leaching route from bauxite residue, such as silica gel formation and low selectivity towards these valuable metals, a novel leaching process based on oxidative leaching conditions, aiming more efficient and selective leaching but also considering environmental aspects via lower acid consumption, was investigated in this study. Combination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was utilized as the leaching solution, where various acid concentrations, solid-to-liquid ratios, leaching temperatures and times were examined in a comparative manner. Leaching with 2.5 M H2O2: 2.5 M H2SO4 mixture at 90 °C for 30 min was observed to be the best leaching conditions with suppressed silica gel formation and the highest reported leaching efficiency with high S/L ratio for Sc and Ti; 68% and 91%; respectively.
Green synthesis of balsam pear-shaped BiVO4/BiPO4 nanocomposite for degradation of organic dye and antibiotic metronidazole
Authors: Yan Yunhui , Ni Tianjun , Du Jinge , Li Li , Fu Shuai , Li Kun , Zhou Jianguo
Published: March 2018

A novel balsam pear-shaped BiVO4/BiPO4 composite photocatalyst for a highly efficient degradation of organic dye and antibiotic was fabricated.
Friction and work function oscillatory behavior for an even and odd number of layers in polycrystalline MoS2
Authors: Lavini Francesco , Calò Annalisa , Gao Yang , Albisetti Edoardo , Li Tai-De , Cao Tengfei , Li Guoqing , Cao Linyou , Aruta Carmela , Riedo Elisa
Published: March 2018

We report on a new oscillatory behavior of nanoscopic friction in continuous polycrystalline MoS2films for an odd and even number of atomic layers, related to the different in-plane polarization of crystalline grains and different capability of absorbing charged molecules.
The flexoelectric effect in Al-doped hafnium oxide
Authors: Celano Umberto , Popovici Mihaela , Florent Karine , Lavizzari Simone , Favia Paola , Paulussen Kris , Bender Hugo , di Piazza Luca , Van Houdt Jan , Vandervorst Wilfried
Published: March 2018

After the observation of ferroelectric HfO2, interest in ferroelectric-based nanoelectronics has been renewed. However, ferroelectrics also show coupling between the electrical polarization and the deformation gradient, defined as flexoelectricity. Here we show the flexoelectric effect in Al-doped hafnium oxide.
Nano-assemblies of cationic mPEG brush block copolymers with gadolinium polyoxotungstate [Gd(W5O18)2]9− form stable, high relaxivity MRI contrast agents
Authors: Ly Joanne , Li Yuhuan , Vu Mai N. , Moffat Bradford A. , Jack Kevin S. , Quinn John F. , Whittaker Michael R. , Davis Thomas P.
Published: March 2018

Nano-assemblies of gadolinium polyoxotungstate and cationic mPEG brush block copolymer demonstrated good stability and enhanced relaxivity at physiological pH.
A rapid and concise setup for the fast screening of FRET pairs using bioorthogonalized fluorescent dyes
Authors: Petrovics Réka , Söveges Bianka , Egyed Alexandra , Knorr Gergely , Kormos Attila , Imre Tímea , Török György , Zeke András , Kocsmár Éva , Lotz Gábor , Kele Péter , Németh Krisztina
Published: March 2018

Fluorescent dyes for bioorthogonal labeling were paired (Cy1A, Cy3T, Cy5T, CBRD1A) based on spectral characteristics, and high efficiency FRET application is reported.
Metal-free iodine(iii)-promoted synthesis of 2,5-diaryloxazoles
Authors: Yang Xueying , Guo Xin , Qin Mingda , Yuan Xinglong , Jing Huanwang , Chen Baohua
Published: March 2018

An efficient nonmetal-catalyzed reaction for 2,5-disubstituted oxazoles from chalcone under mild conditions with highly atom-economical transformation.
Stereoselective and regioselective 5-exo-dig cyclization of 8-alkynylnaphthalen-1-amines for the synthesis of (E)-2-(arylthio)alkylene-1,2-dihydrobenzo[cd]indoles
Authors: Bi Cheng , Zhang Lianpeng , Qiu Guanyinsheng , Li Xiaofang , Yao Jinzhong , Zhou Hongwei
Published: March 2018

A palladium and iodine-cocatalyzed 5-exo-dig aza-thiocyclization of 8-alkynylnaphthalen-1-amines for the synthesis of (E)-2-alkylene-1,2-dihydrobenzo[cd]indole thioethers is reported.
A nitroreductase and acidity detecting dual functional ratiometric fluorescent probe for selectively imaging tumor cells
Authors: He Zhaoshuai , Chou Yajie , Zhou Hanxin , Zhang Han , Cheng Tanyu , Liu Guohua
Published: March 2018

A dual functional ratiometric fluorescent probe can obviously distinguish acidity, nitroreductase, and nitroreductase in an acidic environment. Confocal fluorescence imaging of A549 cells indicates the probe can detect acidity and expressed nitroreductase in living cells.
Synthesis of an indacenodithiophene-based fully conjugated ladder polymer and its optical and electronic properties
Authors: Yin Yuli , Zhang Shiying , Chen Daoyuan , Guo Fengyun , Yu Gui , Zhao Liancheng , Zhang Yong
Published: March 2018

A fully conjugated ladder polymer (PFIDT) based on the indacenodithiophene unit was synthesized via a simple strategy.
Selective remote C–H trifluoromethylation of aminoquinolines with CF3SO2Na under visible light irradiation in the absence of an external photocatalyst
Authors: Zhao Lulu , Li Pinhua , Xie Xiaoyu , Wang Lei
Published: March 2018

A selective remote C–H trifluoromethylation of aminoquinolines with sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate (CF3SO2Na) under visible-light irradiation without an external photocatalyst was developed.
Bio-distribution and bio-availability of silver and gold in rat tissues with silver/gold nanorod administration
Authors: Wu Meiyu , Chen Liang , Li Ruiru , Dan Mo , Liu Haining , Wang Xinsheng , Wu Xiaochun , Liu Ying , Xu Liming , Xie Liming
Published: March 2018

Along with the increasing applications of nanomaterials in medical fields, to know the systemic distribution of nanomaterials in the body through a precise method is required for the biosafety assessment of nanomaterials.
Computational investigations of click-derived 1,2,3-triazoles as keystone ligands for complexation with transition metals: a review
Authors: Hosseinnejad Tayebeh , Ebrahimpour-Malmir Fatemeh , Fattahi Bahareh
Published: March 2018

1,2,3-Triazole based ligands and their complexes with transition metals are used in pharmaceuticals and catalysis. Here we assess recent computational research on the structural, electronic and spectroscopic properties of these complexes.
Bimetallic carbide of Co3W3C enhanced non-noble-metal catalysts with high activity and stability for acidic oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Li Bolin , Zhou Jianmin , Zhang Ling , Li Zesheng
Published: March 2018

Bimetallic carbide enhanced nitrogen/phosphor co-doped graphite (Co3W3C/NPG) with high performances were first demonstrated for oxygen reduction reaction in acidic medium.
Gravitational collapse of colloidal gels: non-equilibrium phase separation driven by osmotic pressure
Authors: Padmanabhan Poornima , Zia Roseanna
Published: March 2018

Delayed gravitational collapse of colloidal gels is characterized by initially slow compaction that gives way to rapid bulk collapse, posing interesting questions about the underlying mechanistic origins.
Dynamics of liquid crystalline phase transition in sedimenting platelet-like particles
Authors: Sui Jize , Ding Yiming , Doi Masao
Published: March 2018

When a suspension of platelet-like particles sediment in a closed container, the particles undergo isotropic–nematic phase transition (I–N transition), and there appears a clear interface between the isotropic phase and the nematic phase.
Solar chromospheric emission and magnetic structures from plages to intranetwork: Contribution of the very quiet Sun
Authors: Meunier N.
Published: March 2018

Context. We need to establish a correspondence between the magnetic structures generated by models and usual stellar activity indexes to simulate radial velocity time series for stars less active than the Sun. This is necessary to compare the outputs of such models with observed radial velocity jitters and is critical to better understand the impact of stellar activity on exoplanet detectability.

Aims. We propose a coherent picture to describe the relationship between magnetic activity, including the so-called quiet Sun regions, and the chromospheric emission using the Sun as a test-bench and a reference.

Methods. We analyzed a long time series of Michelson Doppler imaging (MDI) magnetograms jointly with chromospheric emission time series obtained at Sacramento Peak and Kitt Peak observatories. This has allowed us to study the variability in the quiet Sun over the solar cycle, and then, based on available relations between magnetic fields in active structures and chromospheric emission, to propose an empirical reconstruction of the solar chromospheric emission based on all contributions.

Results. We show that the magnetic flux covering the solar surface, including in the quieted regions, varies in phase with the solar cycle, suggesting a long-term relationship between the global dynamo and the contribution of all components of solar activity. We have been able to propose a reconstruction of the solar S-index, including a relationship between the weak field component and its chomospheric emission, which is in good agreement with the literature. This allows us to explain that stars with a low average chromospheric emission level exhibit a low variability.

Conclusions. We conclude that weak flux regions significantly contribute to the chromospheric emission; these regions should be critical in explaining the lower variability associated with the lower average activity level in other stars as compared to the Sun and estimated from their chromospheric emission.
The VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey: Emerging from the dark, a massive proto-cluster at z ~ 4.57
Authors: Lemaux B. C. , Le Fèvre O. , Cucciati O. , Ribeiro B. , Tasca L. A. M. , Zamorani G. , Ilbert O. , Thomas R. , Bardelli S. , Cassata P. , Hathi N. P. , Pforr J. , Smolčić V. , Delvecchio I. , Novak M. , Berta S. , McCracken H. J. , Koekemoer A. , Amorín R. , Garilli B. , Maccagni D. , Schaerer D. , Zucca E.
Published: March 2018

Using spectroscopic observations taken for the Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph (VIMOS) Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS) we report here on the discovery of PCl J1001+0220, a massive proto-cluster of galaxies located at zspec ~ 4.57 in the COSMOS field. With nine spectroscopic members, the proto-cluster was initially detected as a ~12σ spectroscopic overdensity of typical star-forming galaxies in the blind spectroscopic survey of the early universe (2 < z ≲ 6) performed by VUDS. It was further mapped using a new technique developed which statistically combines spectroscopic and photometric redshifts, the latter derived from a recent compilation of incredibly deep multi-band imaging performed on the COSMOS field. Through various methods, the descendant mass of PCl J1001+0220 is estimated to be log (Mh/M⊙)z=0 ~ 14.5–15 with a large amount of mass apparently already in place at z ~ 4.57. An exhaustive comparison was made between the properties of various spectroscopic and photometric member samples and matched samples of galaxies inhabiting less dense environments at the same redshifts. Tentative evidence is found for a fractional excess of older galaxies more massive in their stellar content amongst the member samples relative to the coeval field, an observation which suggests the pervasive early onset of vigorous star formation for proto-cluster galaxies. No evidence is found for the differences in the star formation rates (SFRs) of member and coeval field galaxies either through estimating by means of the rest-frame ultraviolet or through separately stacking extremely deep Very Large Array 3 GHz imaging for both samples. Additionally, no evidence for pervasive strong active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity is observed in either environment. Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope images of both sets of galaxies as well as their immediate surroundings provides weak evidence for an elevated incidence of galaxy–galaxy interaction within the bounds of the proto-cluster. The stacked and individual spectral properties of the two samples are compared, with a definite suppression of Lyα seen in the average member galaxy relative to the coeval field (fesc, Lyα = 1.8−1.7+0.3% and 4.0−0.8+1.0%, respectively). This observation along with other lines of evidence leads us to infer the possible presence of a large, cool, diffuse medium within the proto-cluster environment evocative of a nascent intracluster medium forming in the early universe.
Reignited star formation in dwarf galaxies that were quenched during reionization
Authors: Ledinauskas E. , Zubovas K.
Published: March 2018

Context. Irregular dwarf galaxies of the Local Group have very varied properties and star formation histories. Some of them formed the majority of their stars very late compared to others. Extreme examples of this are Leo A and Aquarius, which reached the peak of star formation at z < 1 (more than 6 Gyr after the Big Bang). This fact seemingly challenges the ΛCDM cosmological framework because the dark matter halos of these galaxies on average should assemble the majority of their masses before z ~ 2 (<3 Gyr after the Big Bang).

Aims. We investigate whether the delayed star formation histories of some irregular dwarf galaxies might be explained purely by the stochasticity of their mass assembly histories coupled with the effect of cosmic reionization.

Methods. We developed a semi-analytic model to follow the accretion of baryonic matter, star formation, and stellar feedback in dark matter halos with present-day virial masses 109 M⊙ < Mdm,0 < 1011 M⊙ and with different stochastic growth histories obtained using the PINOCCHIO code based on Lagrangian perturbation theory.

Results. We obtain the distributions of observable parameters and the evolution histories for these galaxies. Accretion of baryonic matter is strongly suppressed after the epoch of reionization in some models, but the galaxies continue to accrete dark matter and eventually reach enough mass for accretion of baryonic matter to begin again. These “reborn” model galaxies show delayed star formation histories that are very similar to those of Leo A and Aquarius.

Conclusions. We find that the stochasticity caused by mass assembly histories is enhanced in systems with virial masses ~1010 M⊙ because of their sensitivity to the photoionizing intergalactic radiation field after the epoch of reionization. This results in qualitatively different star formation histories in late- and early-forming galaxies, and it might explain the peculiar star formation histories of irregular dwarf galaxies such as Leo A and Aquarius.
Effect of Cement Variation on Properties of CLC Concrete Masonry Brick
Authors: Sutandar Erwin , Supriyadi Asep , Andalan Cek Putera
Published: March 2018

One of the methods used to reduce the weight of a construction is by reducing the weight of the walls of the building. In such a case, a wall made of red brick has a volume weight of 1,500–2,000 kg/m3, and concrete masonry bricks made of CLC have a volume weight of 400–1,800 kg/m3. So, in comparison, concrete masonry bricks have a volume weight that is ≤ 50% of that of red brick. In the manufacturing of concrete masonry bricks, one variant is CLC (Cellular Lightweight Concrete), produced using a mixture of cement, sand, chemical admixture and water, with the filler material in the form of air generated as microscale soap bubbles (microbubbles), also known as foam agent. In the manufacturing of concrete masonry bricks, the cement as a binder material clearly affects the physical and mechanical properties of the bricks produced. This research is conducted to investigate the effect of the amount or composition of the cement used on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete masonry bricks. The composition is varied among 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 kg/m3 of cement usage.
Comparison of Genetic Algorithm and Harmony Search Method for 2D Geometry Optimization.
Authors: Ghozi Mohammad , Budiati Anik
Published: March 2018

There are many applications of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Harmony Search (HS) Method for solving problems in civil engineering design. The question is, still, which method is better for geometry optimization of a steel structure. The purpose of this paper is to compare GA and HS performance for geometric optimization of a steel structure. This problem is solved by optimizing a steel structure using GA and HS and then comparing the structure’s weight as well as the time required for the calculation. In this study, GA produced a structural weight of 2308.00 kg to 2387.00 kg and HS scored 2193.12 kg to 2239.48 kg. The average computational time required by GA is 607 seconds and HS needed 278 seconds. It concludes that HS is faster and better than GA for geometry optimization of a steel structure.
Project Cost Estimation Based on Standard Price of Goods and Services (SHBJ)
Authors: Arif Ghuzdewan Toriq , Petra Kartika Narindri Brigitta
Published: March 2018

Cost estimation is determining the probable cost of a project, which is critical in project development. For government projects in Indonesian construction industry, it is common to use a standard price of goods and services (called SHBJ) publised by the government as a cost reference. This research examines whether the SHBJ provide sufficient and reliable data. A case study from a contractor’s bidding document (RAB) and the SHBJ from the city of Yogyakarta are employed. The result shows that cost estimation based on the SHBJ and the contractor’s RAB gives 12% difference. Using SHBJ data from years 2010 – 2016 a regression equation is obtained as Yi = 62,156 X + 2,003,962 which can be used to estimate project cost in the future. This research also suggests some improvments for the SHBJ.
River Conservation Using SECEEL Approach: A Case Study on East Flood Way River, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sriyana Ignatius
Published: March 2018

Current practices on river conservation are solely depending on social engineering, cultural, economic and environmental approaches without taking law enforcement into account. This issue becomes critical because river conservation is frequently experiencing conflict without assertive law enforcement. One of the cases is the presence of abundant structures on river bank despite of rules against such practices. This violation is rooted on law enforcement aspect. Therefore, integrated approach incorporating law enforcement is important to be studied. The purpose of this study is to test the effect of this integrated approach named Social Engineering, Culture, Economic, Environment comfort and Law enforcement (SECEEL) against river conservation on river bank. The analysis method is quantitative approach using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS – SEM) program involving 150 respondents as a sample of approximately 400 habitants in East Flood Way river, Semarang. The result shows that higher social engineering value and economic expediency together with lower rule of law are creating higher environment comfort level along the river bank. Meanwhile, more positive cultural values will decrease the level of environment comfort on the area. Interestingly, the higher the comfort level of the environment along the river will decrease the value of conservation.
Optimization of irrigation water use to increase the benefit of agricultural products
Authors: Soentoro Edy Anto , Perwira Erlangga , Suryadi Yadi , Winskayati
Published: March 2018

Shortage of irrigation water supply in dry season prevents many farmers from growing their crops, and the annual benefit from agricultural products will decrease as much as the area of irrigation fields which have lack of water. The objective of this study is to determine the maximum benefit from agricultural products based on water availability, by determining the appropriate cropping pattern and maximum planting areas through linear programming. The case-study location is at Leuwi Kuya Irrigation Region. Planting schedule is selected based on minimum water shortage from simulation of 6 alternative planting schedules. Then, the best pattern of cropping (planting method and the total area) is determined using linear programming. Optimization is carried out in 3 scenarios with various planting methods (conventional and SRI), minimum irrigation water demand (class-area system), and schedule for beginning of the 3-growing seasons annually. Result of this study is the optimal area of the irrigated region that can be planted based on the water availability. The maximum benefit is 89 billion rupiahs, using SRI planting method and distribution of three groups of irrigation fields in water supply schedule.
Life-Cycle Assessment of Crude Palm Oil Produced at Mill J, PT XYZ, Sumatera Island using Eco-indicator 99
Authors: Andarani Pertiwi , Dwi Nugraha Winardi , Sawitri Desinta , Budiawan Wiwik
Published: March 2018

The Crude Palm Oil industry has now become the largest agricultural industry in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the growth of CPO industry could also bring negative impacts on the environment if the company does not control their emissions and discharges properly. Life-cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the tools that can assess the environmental impacts due to CPO production activities. This study aims to assess the potential environmental impacts arising from the CPO production system at Mill J, PT XYZ, Sumatera Island by using Eco-indicator 99. Based on this study, in 2015, the process in plantation and mill contributed to climate change category was 0.013 DALY or after normalized 202 Pt. Meanwhile, the land use category has 395 PDF*m2yr or 30.8 Pt. Meanwhile, all of the other categories were less than 30.8 Pt, hence, the highest impact of this CPO production system is climate change at the activities in industrial estate (fertilizers usage) and industry (emitted from waste water of palm oil mill).
Application of Aquifer Vulnerability Index (AVI) method to assess groundwater vulnerability to contamination in Semarang urban area
Authors: Putranto Thomas Triadi , Santi Narulita , Widiarso Dian Agus , Pamungkas Dimas
Published: March 2018

An approach to assess groundwater to contamination is developing groundwater vulnerability map. Groundwater vulnerability is formulated as an intrinsic relative, the dimensionless property of a groundwater system that depends on its sensitivity to unfavourable human and natural impacts. Thus, to assess groundwater vulnerability to contamination in Semarang urban area is the objective of this research by using Aquifer Vulnerability Index (AVI). This method considered of two parameters related to the unsaturated zone, i.e. thickness (d) of each sedimentary layer in the unsaturated zone and Estimated hydraulic conductivity (K) of these sedimentary layers. There are five levels of groundwater vulnerability by using AVI method, i.e. extremely low, low, moderate/medium, high, and extremely high. The thinner the layer covers the aquifer, and the higher the value of the hydraulic conductivity of sediment layers will be increasingly vulnerable to pollution.
The Influence of Fault and Stress Contributed On Overpressure Mechanism For Neogen Formation (Mundu, Wonocolo, Ngrayong) East Java Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Fahrudin  , Nugroho Hadi , Winarno Tri , Hayuddin Zul , Suprayetno Joko , Firmansyah Rully , Muhajir  , Kadarusman Ade
Published: March 2018

Rembang Madura Kangean Sakala (RMKS) fault zone and W-E structures of Kendeng Zone are the main structural elements in back arc basin, East Java, Indonesia. There are many perspectives about the overpressure zone at the basin. This research focus on the overpressure zone that related with formation and tectonic evolution. The study infer that high overpressure is explained by regional and local mechanisms. The results of analysis of log derived porosities at Karang Mudi-1 (KM-1) well indicate that high overpressure and overpressure was Neogen Formation (Mundu, Wonocolo, Ngrayong). Pore pressure prediction at KM-1 exerted Eaton’s method. There are two overpressure zones at depth 2.680 – 4.900 fTVD (B Zone) and 5.600 – 8.400 fTVD (D Zone). High overpressure D Zone are regionally caused by flexural structure (anticline and fracture) from transpression setting (West – East RMKS). High overpressure in KM-1 is transpression setting early which the overpressure follow the pop-up boundary. Area of high overpressure always related with fault thrust. Static mechanism is possible in the present day interplate stress field. Present the maximum horizontal stress was NEE – SWW. Local mechanisms occurs illitization at D zone from depth 6.800 – 8.400 fTVD. D Zone is unloading mechanism (illitization and lateral transfer open fracture).
Characteristics of Lateritic Nickel Mineralization In Mid Part of Madang and Serakaman Areas, Sebuku Island, South Kalimantan
Authors: Aribowo Yoga , Syahputra Yudi , Agus Widiarso Dian
Published: March 2018

The research was conducted in Madang and Serakaman Tengah area, Sebuku Island Subdistrict, Kotabaru Regency, South Kalimantan Province which is one of the nickel potential areas in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to know the characteristic and distribution of laterite nickel mineralization. The rocks present in the study area are serpentinized dunite, serpentinized harzburgite, gabbro, silicified gabbro, tuff, and basalt. Methods used in this research were surface geological mapping, rock observation and sampling from outcrop and drill core representing each laterite horizon from limonite horizon to bedrock. Laboratory analysis consist of X-Ray Fluorescene (XRF) analysis is used to determine the abundance of certain chemical elements and compound which characterized the mineralization stage zonation in the laterite profile. The laterite deposite in the study area can be divided based on physical and chemical properties into four zones; red limonite, yellow limonite, saprolite, and bedrock. Saprolite is dominated by a group of hydrocylicic minerals (serpentine) so it can be predicted that the laterite types are developing laterite oxide and laterite silicate types.
Spatial Studies and juridical utilization of vacant land and abandoned land control in efforts of regional authority in semarang city
Authors: Subiyanto Sawitri , Janu Amarrohman Fauzi
Published: March 2018

In the constellation of regional autonomy, regional land management problems that substantially contains the local authorities in the land sector is still not getting the understanding and implementation of a satisfactory response. These issues are then more prominent at the time of issue of PP 11/2010 on Control and Utilization of Abandoned Land. In accordance with the description above, this study aims to conduct a study Spatial And Juridical Vacant Land Utilization and Abandoned Land Control in Semarang City. Spatial information about vacant land and abandoned land information is required. In identifying vacant land used high-resolution imagery that QuickBird Satellite Imagery in 2010 and Pleides for 2016. Juridical studies carried out on the abandoned land to find out the status of the land and how many years of neglect by using secondary data from BPN and equipped with field surveys. For data processing was performed using methods of remote sensing and Geographic Information System. The results of this study can be used to determine how widespread availability of vacant land and abandoned land including amendments as an indicator of the direction of regional growth. Statistical testing conducted to determine the correlations between vacant and abandoned land Semarang.
Coordination and Collaboration Functions of Disaster Management Centers for Humanitarian Logistics: A Case Study at Merapi Eruption
Authors: Handayani Naniek Utami , Mustikasari Anita
Published: March 2018

Although the humanitarian logistics coordination model in Indonesia is fairly effective, the role of each player remains unclear. For example, some of the activities that are sufficient to be done by one agency are in fact done by other institutions as well. This has resulted in inefficiency and ineffectiveness regarding on the handling of disaster relief goods. Therefore, it is essential to determine the role of each stakeholder involved in the management of natural disasters in order to improve the model. This study was conducted to provide the proposed model of humanitarian logistics coordination for developing the framework of coordination between stakeholders in the management of natural disasters, with the involvement of logistics players through the RASIC Chart method.
Synthesis of barium sulfate in the variation of temperature and additive concentration
Authors: Ali Waleed , Putranto Wahyu , Muryanto Stefanus , Bayuseno Athanasius
Published: March 2018

Barium sulfate (BaSO4) with fine sizes is important for many applications. Barium Sulfate (BaSO4) is suitable for applications as diverse as whiteness, inertness and high density. Many different approaches have been reported for the preparation of nanoparticles BaSO4 including the addition of different additives. Aims of this study to synthesize barium sulfate (BaSO4) from natrium sulfate and barium chloride with the modification of the mixing speed, temperature and additive concentration variations. This study conducted in Diponegoro University Laboratorium. The sample were characterized by a number of different methodologies, including XRD and SEM-EDS. The higher the temperature of the mass of the crust that formed more and more. The results showed a temperature of 40°C was obtained crust mass greater than at 30°C. The addition of the additive citric acid to 20 ppm does not have enough influence to lower the formation of crust mass. From the SEM image, it is clear that the particle size is less than 10 μm.
Influence of hull entrance angle “Perintis 750 DWT”, toward ship resistance: the case study for design development “Perintis 750 DWT.”
Authors: Hadi Eko Sasmito , Manik Parlindungan , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: March 2018

Geographically Indonesia which most of its territory consists of the sea, causing the necessity of strengthening maritime facilities and infrastructure to conduct activities of distribution of goods and sea transportation facilities, especially ships as a vehicle of sea transportation to maintain inter-island connectivity. Indonesian government builds national connectivity (sea tolls) by the development of pioneer ship design “Kapal Perintis.”. In this study, the vessel Perintis 750 DWT is still lacking in the EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index) aspect as required by IMO, so it is necessary to modify the hull part of the vessel to reduce the resistance. The modified hull is carried out by varying the angle of entrance bow of the ship ± 12° in step of 3°. Modifications were made using Delftship software, Computational Fluid Dynamic, called TDyn and verified by towing tank test at Indonesian Hydrodynamics Laboratory (IHL) Surabaya. Every change of the angle of entrance bow in 3 degrees, the ship's resistance will change more and less 3.5%. The smaller angle of entrance bow of the vessel the smaller ship's resistance.
Design studies of inner and outer embedded Permanent Magnet for hybrid electric vehicles
Authors: CV Aravind , Kannan Ramani , Lei Heng Jing , Setiawan Joga Dharma
Published: March 2018

Hybrid vehicles require high torque for propel, hence permanent Magnet machines are highly suiting for the improvement in the torque density. The paper focus on designing built-in interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machine for hybrid electric drive. With the permanent magnet switched from rotor to stator and the characteristics over a wide range of speed operation is studied. The results obtained though performance analysis shows that at 130 rpm high torque with power peaking at around 900 rpm. Both the inner and outer machine are studied using numerical study tool for performance analysis for the application mentioned above. The inner magnet rotor design has provide a better magnetic flux flow due to the larger flux linkage between the permanent magnet and stator pole. Both type of machines are evaluated for torque where the machine with inner magnet provide a higher torque density of 4.94% as compared to the outer magnet machines.
Fault Diagnostic System Bearing Centrifugal Pump Using K-Means Method For Thermography Image And Signal Analysis Vibrations
Authors: Yudhistira Hidayat Agung , Widodo Achmad , Dwi Haryadi Gunawan
Published: March 2018

Numerous studies reported that infrared thermography and vibration are condition monitoring technology that is important and effective for doing a condition diagnostic of bearing centrifugal pump health without destructing or disturbing machine operational. This paper focuses on thermography image processing based on K-Mean color segmentation which will produce normal and abnormal condition features. Health diagnostic of bearing by processing of digital image, image clustering, segmentation and extraction. Extraction of image pattern is done by calculating the area of heat point and color feature bearing condition of RGB colour space and active contour segmentation in order to process and differentiate between normal and abnormal bearing image by statistical technique. The parameters that can be used as reference to classifying conditions are standard deviation, Mean, Variance, Skewness, Kurtosis, Vibration (RMS) and Shape features (area). Final step is determining the boundary condition between normal and abnormal using statistical logic method.
Adomian decomposition method for solving initial value problems in vibration models
Authors: Mungkasi Sudi , Ekaputra I Made Wicaksana
Published: March 2018

A number of engineering problems have second-order ordinary differential equations as their mathematical models. In practice, we may have a large scale problem with a large number of degrees of freedom, which must be solved accurately. Therefore, treating the mathematical model governing the problems correctly is required in order to get an accurate solution. In this work, we use Adomian decomposition method to solve vibration models in the forms of initial value problems of second-order ordinary differential equations. However, for problems involving an external source, the Adomian decomposition method may not lead to an accurate solution if the external source is not correctly treated. In this paper, we propose a strategy to treat the external source when we implement the Adomian decomposition method to solve initial value problems of second-order ordinary differential equations. Computational results show that our strategy is indeed effective. We obtain accurate solutions to the considered problems. Note that exact solutions are often not available, so they need to be approximated using some methods, such as the Adomian decomposition method.
Performance prediction of magnetorheological valves under various type of fluid and flux path
Authors: Idris Muhammad Hafiz , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Imaduddin Fitrian
Published: March 2018

Magnetorheological (MR) valve is one of the key components in regulating the control flow of MR fluid flow in MR devices. Due to MR rheological properties enabling magnetic modifications, many MR valve designs have been introduced and are widely utilized in MR devices. The main objective of this article is to compare the pressure drop generated by each types of MR valves. Five different configurations of MR valves were analyzed in this study. To provide a fair comparison, several parameters were fixed; which is the size of the MR valves, gap size, number of coil turns and power consumption. In order to demonstrate the MR valve performance, the pressure drops were calculated based on the mathematical equations derived from MR valve models and the magnetic fields derived from finite element method based software. The results of the simulations were compared to each type of MR valve and, then, discussed.
Analysis of chip geometry and surface roughness at low speed turning in various commercial steels
Authors: Mudjijanto  , Sulistyo  , Rusnaldy
Published: March 2018

Rapid development of technology in manufacturing facilitates the industry to produce mass, high quality and affordable products. The challenge for small industries in manufacturing is to compete for product quality. Small manufacturing industries in controlling the quality of product deal with financial problems. Chip and surface roughness of low speed machining were tested to control the quality of material mechanical properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between chip characteristic and surface roughness with material hardness. This study used a conventional lathe with low rotation, cutting depth of 1 mm, dry turning process with variations of feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev, 0.2 mm/rev and 0.3 mm/rev, test material of AISI steel (1020, 1045, 1090, D2 and 4340) and tool material from carbides. Stereoscopic Optical Microscopy (SOM) was used to measure temporary shear angle while surface roughness tester was used to measure surface roughness. The results show that the shear angle of the chip and the surface roughness correlated with the hardness of the material.