bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The magicity, the radii of neutron orbits 1f7/2, 2p3/2 and halo-like structure of 52,54Ca nuclei
Authors: Bespalova O. V. , Klimochkina A. A.
Published: October 2024

The evolution of neutron single-particle spectra of isotones with N = 32 and 34 new magic neutron numbers in the region 16 ≤ Z ≤ 32 was calculated in the dispersive optical model. It was shown that the minimum of the difference between the Fermi energy and the half-sum of the energy levels of the last predominantly occupied state and the first predominantly unoccupied state is achieved in the magic isotones with N = 32 and 34. The calculated root-mean-square radius of the neutron halo-like state 2p3/2 in double magic 52Ca nucleus exceeded the radius of the underlying 1f7/2 state by 0.8 fm. It is consistent with the recent experimental data and theoretical predictions that explain ‟unexpectedly” large root-mean-square charge radius of this nucleus.
Theoretical study of the deuteron + deuteron radiative capture
Authors: Solovyev A. S.
Published: October 2024

In the present work, the d + d radiative capture process is studied. This process is of significant interest for astrophysical applications. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the microscopic cluster approach in the oscillator representation. The total and partial cross sections for the reaction in terms of the astrophysical S factor are calculated. A good agreement with experimental data is achieved. The tensor force of the nuclear interaction is shown to play a key role in describing the low-energy dependence of the total cross section (astrophysical S factor).
Origin of the signals registered on february 23, 1987 in gravity antennas
Authors: Agafonova N. Yu. , Malgin A. S.
Published: October 2024

During the SN1987A outburst on February 23, 1987, four underground neutrino detectors and two gravitational antennas in Rome and Maryland detected signals associated with the gravitational collapse of the star’s core. Since it is impossible to detect direct gravitational radiation from the collapse of SN1987A with antennas, it is still not clear what events were recorded by gravitational antennas. In this work, an amplitude analysis of the signals from gravitational antennas in Rome and Maryland in the vicinity of the signals from neutrino detectors during Supernova SN1987A was carried out. It is shown that the amplitude distributions in all antenna signals are consistent with the distribution of fluctuating energy losses of atmospheric muons crossing the antennas. A conclusion has been made about the muon origin of signals detected by “Weber” type antennas — aluminized cylinders with a mass of 2–3 tons.
Anode process on gold in KF–AlF3–Al2O3 melt
Authors: Nikolaev А. Yu. , Suzdaltsev A. V. , Zaikov Yu. P.
Published: October 2024

In the conditions of resource saving and carbon footprint reduction, the development of oxygen–releasing anodes for technologies of production of important metals and alloys by electrolysis of molten salts seems to be an urgent task. To determine the degree of “inertness” of a particular anode material, data on the kinetics and mechanism of the anode process on a material not subject to oxidation are required. In this connection, the anodic process on gold in the KF–AlF3–Al2O3 melt for electrolytic aluminum production was investigated by cyclic and square–wave voltammetry methods. The influence of temperature (715 and 775 оC) of the melt, the content of Al2O3 in it (from 0.1 to saturation), as well as the polarization rate (0.05–1 V/s) on the kinetics and some features of the mechanism of the investigated process was determined. An assumption is made that oxygen release on gold without dissolution of the substrate takes place in the region of overvoltages from 0 to 0.8 V. It is shown that the process includes the stages of electrochemical adsorption and desorption of the intermediate product, the first of which is limited by the diffusion of electroactive anions to the anode.
Investigation of high-temperature oxide-metal melts during induction melting in a cold crucible
Authors: Lopukh D. B. , Vavilov A. V. , Martynov A. P. , Almyashev V. I. , Svinolupova A. S.
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is high-temperature oxide-metal melts obtained in furnaces of induction melting in a cold crucible (IMCC). The results of pilot tests in IMCC furnaces at melt temperatures of more than 2200 оC in air, conducted to study the distribution of components between the oxide and metal phases of a two-phase melt with limited miscibility of components, are presented. The results of physicochemical studies of materials obtained by quenching crystallization of a high-temperature melt are presented, confirming the reduction of silicon and the oxidation of iron with the redistribution of these components between the oxide and metal phases. This experimental result contradicts the well-known Ellingham diagrams and thermodynamic calculations, but a similar effect is observed experimentally in the U–O–Fe system. Thus, the IMCC method allows for the inversion of redox processes in a number of oxide-metal systems, which can be used to obtain new materials and create technologies for high-temperature extraction of target components.
In the LiCl-KCl melt at 500оС depending on the content of Li2О и LiOH
Authors: Seliverstov K. E. , Nikitina E. V. , Karfidov E. A. , Dedyukhin A. E.
Published: October 2024

Molten alkali metal chlorides used in pyrotechnologies are aggressive corrosive agents. The high operating temperature of the process, the heterogeneity of the environment, and the significant corrosion activity of the molten salt necessitate both the search for stable structural materials and the development of methods for protecting the structural elements of high-temperature technological devices. Corrosion loss reduction techniques traditionally used in low temperature environments are not applicable at high temperatures.
The article examines the influence of oxygen-containing impurities (lithium oxide and hydroxide) on the corrosion behavior of metallic nickel (grade NP1) – the main component of candidate structural alloys, a thermodynamically and structurally stable material in the melt for the process of electrolytic refining of spent nuclear fuel. A method for preparing the LiCl–KCl salt electrolyte and obtaining lithium oxide by thermal decomposition of anhydrous lithium hydroxide under vacuum is described, and the concentrations of impurities in the electrolyte and the synthesized lithium oxide are determined. An installation for conducting corrosion tests in an inert atmosphere of a glove box is presented.
To assess the corrosion resistance of the material, the following were used: gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis of the surface and cross-sectional sections, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the surface of the samples. The dependences of the corrosion rate of the material on the concentration of oxygen-containing additives Li2O and LiOH were obtained. Based on a combination of gravimetric, X-ray microspectral and X-ray phase analysis data, it was established that metallic nickel samples demonstrate high corrosion resistance in the studied melts with the introduction of Li2O and LiOH additives.
Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems: Ethical Dilemmas and Legal Compliance in the Era of Military Disruptive Technologies
Authors: Marsili Marco
Published: October 2024

Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS) have emerged as one of the most significant advancements in military technology, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to execute missions without direct human control. As these systems become central to modern warfare, they raise critical questions about their compliance with International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and International Human Rights Law (IHRL). This paper delves into the legal and ethical debates surrounding LAWS with particular attention to the discussions within the Group of Governmental Experts on LAWS (GGE on LAWS). We analyze whether these technologies can adhere to fundamental human rights while maintaining their operational efficacy. Through the application of the Autonomy Spectrum Framework to real-world scenarios, the study highlights both the strategic advantages of LAWS and the risks of dehumanizing warfare. The need for robust legal frameworks to ensure accountability and human oversight remains paramount.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ НЕУРЯДОВИХ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙ ПІДТРИМКИ БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: СМОЛИЧ Дарія
Published: October 2024

The article considers the main areas of management of non-governmental organizations: strategic planning; program development; financial management; human resources management; implementation of projects; involvement of interested parties; communications and advocacy; impact assessment. It has been established that the management process in non-governmental business support organizations is dynamic and operational, aimed at adapting to changing business needs. Effective governance ensures that these organizations can effectively fulfill their mission of supporting business and promoting sustainable economic development and prosperity. The components of the management of a non-governmental business support organization are characterized.
The peculiarities of managing the activities of non-governmental business support organizations through the prism of taking into account the interests of members and stakeholders in the management of such organizations are highlighted. The typical organizational structure of non-governmental business support organizations was studied. Despite the fact that the structure may differ depending on the size, activities and goals of a specific non-governmental business support organization, as a rule, it consists of such components as: senior management, executive management and functional departments, the key aspects of their work are considered.
Documents defining management in non-governmental business support organizations were considered, in particular: charter; internal regulations (determine relations with members); principles, rules and policies; strategic plan («road map» of the organization's functioning); annual budget The resource provision of non-governmental business support organizations and the management aspect of such provision are characterized, namely: management of material, human, and financial resources; time, technology and information management; risk management; strategic management.
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ ТОВАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: КУЗЬМИНЧУК Наталія , ШУБА Тетяна , ЛЯШЕВСЬКА Вікторія , ПАРФЬОНОВА Катерина , БОЛОТНА Оксана
Published: October 2024

Стаття присвячена проблемам удосконалення маркетингової товарної політики транспортних підприємств Охарактеризовано особливості маркетинг-міксу. Виділено напрямки розвитку сучасних підприємств.
МІЖНАРОДНЕ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНЕ СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВО ТА ЙОГО РОЛЬ У ПОВОЄННОМУ ВІДНОВЛЕННІ ПРИМОРСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: БЄЛЯК Ілля
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the scientific and theoretical foundations of international investment cooperation and the analysis of its impact on the economic development of the coastal areas of Ukraine. It is conducted the critical review of existing definitions of the studied concept. It is proposed the proper definition that considers the socio-economic nature of such cooperation. International investment cooperation should be understood as economic relations formed as a result of international investment and mediating the movement of international investments.
 It is defined the main purpose of the investigated phenomenon, which consists in making a profit. It is emphasized  the key difference between international investment cooperation and other forms of cross-border movement of capital by the presence of a commercial basis that accompanies this process in one way or another. It is considered previous developments in formulating the principles of investment cooperation. It is proposed own list of principles for its implementation: economic expediency, freedom and equality of parties, fair distribution of benefits and risks, regulatory and tax coordination, social, environmental and ethical responsibility, strategic, transparent and contractual nature.
By constructing polynomial regression equations of the dependence of the gross product of the coastal regions of Ukraine on direct foreign investment, the regularities of the influence of international investment cooperation on the economic development of the respective territories are investigated. It is determined that such cooperation is characterized by its fundamental importance for the economic growth, its direct impact on the regional economic complex, the marginal possibilities of rational placement of international investments and the unevenness of the positive effect they generate. It is substantiated the practical advantages and limitations of the potential increase in the volume of international investment in the post-war period.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЕКСПОРТУ АГРОПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ З УКРАЇНИ ДО КРАЇН АЗІЇ
Authors: ПУГАЧОВ Микола , ДУХНИЦЬКИЙ Богдан
Published: October 2024

The article considers current state of Ukraine's export of agri-food products to Asian countries, detailing its commodity and geographic structure. General socio-economic characteristics of the Asian region have been carried out. The main principles of the functioning of the agro-food sector in Asia in relation with its production and foreign trade are given. The largest exporters and importers of food among Asian countries have been determined according to the latest available data. Total agricultural trade of our country with China, India and Turkey highlighted. The dynamics of bilateral sectoral trade between partners and the key products of Ukrainian production supplied to their markets are considered. Further emphasis placed on the import needs of those food groups or commodity items by the specified countries, which Ukraine is already able to satisfy to a certain extent. An assessment of the impact of war and its negative consequences on the actual exports indicators from Ukraine to Asia during 2022-2023 was carried out. The importance of finding new sales markets and consolidating existing partner trade relations by concluding agreements on free trade was emphasized. It is pointed out the actual impossibility for our exporters to fully use the transport and logistics infrastructure, which affects the quantitative and qualitative indicators of foreign sales. In fact, against the background of the final decline in export revenues, the redirection of products from Asia to the markets of European Union does not have the proper effect and does not compensate for the losses incurred. Development prospects and opportunities for optimizing Ukrainian agri-food exports to Asian markets were given, taking into account the sector's limited resources, short- and medium-term priorities of our industry producers, and existing requests of specific importing countries.
THEORIES OF ECONOMICS AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF ALTRUISM IN “TWINNING” THE EGYPTIAN TOURISM AND TEXTILE INDUSTRIES
Authors: ELNASHAR Elsayed Ahmed , LIUBOKHYNETS Larysa , TANASIIENKO Nataliia
Published: October 2024

Theories of economics and the philosophy of altruism in “twinning” this paper studies the endogenous formation of interfiling altruism. The theory suggests that incentive to foster tourism and textile industries is positively related to efficiency gains from more human capital investment in the more gifted tourism and textile industries. The empirical analyses explore the plausibly exogenous within-twin difference in for the development of Matrouh governorate, Egypt, consistent with the theory, the estimation results show that a larger difference in tourism and textile industries. Leads to more intensive you win-to to be-win practice to tourism and textile industries and that when such practice is more intensive, the heavier tourism and textile industries obtains more investment relative to the other tourism and others industries as the philosophy of altruism in “twinning”.
ПАРАДИГМА ЦИФРОВОГО МАРКЕТИНГУ
Authors: ДІДЕНКО Євген
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of features and essence of digital marketing, and in particular the content of the modern paradigm of digital marketing. The interpretation of the concepts of digitalization (there is a process of application of digital, information and communication technologies and information on income, improvement of entrepreneurial activity, transformation of business processes, formation of the digital business environment, digitization of possible procedures and operations, etc.) and digital marketing (a set of marketing actions of the modern world. At the same time, digital marketing is a dual phenomenon, as it has a hybrid character: a certain share of functions is implemented online, and the rest - in an offline environment). The content of the modern paradigm of digital marketing is clarified - a set of ways and tools for promoting services or goods in markets using various technologies. The main advantages of digital marketing are allocated: interactivity in attracting consumers for active interaction with business structures, elimination of territorial restrictions in the implementation of the marketing goal, facilitating access to the Internet resources of the enterprise, opportunities to assess the effectiveness of marketing mechanisms and activities, use of marketing in management activities in real time. The main components of digital marketing are defined: content - chats, blogs, research, electronic newsletters, publications, electronic manuals, social networks, copies of sales pages, SEO; design - photos, images of content, diagrams, videos, infographics; statistics - leading performance indicators, analytics, conversion channels, etc.
ВПЛИВ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ КОНКУРЕНЦІЇ НА СТРАТЕГІЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ЕКОНОМІКИ КРАЇНИ
Authors: МИКИТИН Олег
Published: October 2024

The study draws attention to the problems and prospects of sustainable strategic development of the national economy. That is why the purpose of the article is the further development of methodological and applied principles and approaches to analyzing the impact of international competition on the strategic development of the country's economy. Scientific views on the interpretation of international competition are summarized, in particular, according to the geopolitical, economic, resource, political and institutional approach. The main factors of the influence of international competition on the strategic development of the national economy have been determined, namely in terms of the possible rapid accumulation of economic resources by the country, the availability of information about prospective and current needs of potential buyers, ensuring the country's competitiveness on the international market, the favorability of the national system of economic support and the development of factor competitive advantages.
The trends of international competition and expected changes in the strategic development of the country's economy have been identified and characterized, in particular in terms of such components as the technologicalization of the world economy, the blurring of global industry boundaries, the globalization of international competitive relations, the polarization of world market segments, the deregulation of world market segments. The most significant manifestations of international competition have been identified, which relate to the global nature of international competition, its multifacetedness, dynamism and aggressiveness of competitive rivalry, which leads to violations in stability and balance in the economies of competing countries. The directions of the strategic development of the national economy are determined, depending on the influence of factors of international competition on it.
СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ СЕКТОРА ІКТ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: ПРОЦИКЕВИЧ Арсен , ПРОЦИКЕВИЧ Ксенія
Published: October 2024

The article emphasizes the priority role of the ICT sector in building a highly developed and competitive national economy. Attention was drawn to the ability of the ICT sector to improve the country's adaptation to globalization and neo-industrial challenges. The role of the ICT sector in the course of our country overcoming hybrid risks and threats and challenges of a full-scale military invasion and subsequent post-war recovery is increasing. An economic and statistical analysis of the number of enterprises (business entities) by type of economic activity «Information and telecommunications» in Ukraine in 2010-2022 was carried out and their absolute growth, growth rate, absolute value of 1% of growth, average annual value, average annual absolute growth and growth rate. It was established that during the analyzed period, the number of subjects of this type of economic activity increased by 5.3 times, while the annual increase was 20 units or 14.9%. If in 2010 there were 55.9 thousand business entities in the field of information and telecommunications, then in 2022 their number was 295.9 thousand units. The shares of enterprises (business entities) by the type of economic activity «Information and telecommunications» in the total number of enterprises (business entities) in Ukraine in 2010-2022 were calculated. It was concluded that the share of entities of this type of economic activity in the total the number of enterprises in Ukraine is constantly increasing and in 2022 was equal to 4.5%, which is by 1% more compared to 2010. It was emphasized that in order to increase the intensity of the development of the ICT sector, it is necessary to change the state’s approach to ensuring the digitalization of the economy and the development of the information society, while providing support, guarantees, broad opportunities for businesses to realize their own economic interests.
Using opinion polls and vignettes to generate robust data to measure public opinion/attitudes on female genital mutilation in Isiolo County, Kenya: A pilot study
Authors: Matanda Dennis , Obare Francis , Kizito Stephen , Undie Chi-Chi
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted as part of the efforts of the Council's FGM Data Hub to address measurement challenges encountered by programme implementers in measuring change and the effect of social desirability in the context of FGM. The study involved piloting a simple opinion poll survey using a combination of direct (self-report) and indirect (vignettes) questioning methodologies to generate robust data to measure public views on FGM. While opinion polls have been widely used in market research and to measure public views on other stigmatised or illegal behaviours such as abortion, they have rarely been used in the FGM context. Several studies have used vignettes to explore FGM, but the combination of vignettes with a quantitative approach is less common. The study aimed to improve the measurement of social attitudes/opinions toward FGM using this novel method. Findings suggest that indirect questioning methods allowed respondents to be more objective in their responses compared to direct questioning methods, thus leading to more robust data.
Gender and education practice in Kenya
Authors: Kozak Meredith , Muluve Eva , Nanjekho Wafubwa Ruth , López-Lalinde Lina
Published: October 2024

The Kenya Gender and Education Roadmap is a series of four evidence briefs designed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the gender and education landscape in Kenya. Drawing from a variety of key data sources, including the Population Council’s Evidence for Gender and Education Resource (EGER) Database, DHS and national-level datasets, and recent literature from East Africa the series provides data-driven insights into gender-related barriers to schooling, especially for girls. By combining needs assessments, current evidence, and practice-based research, the series sheds light on the alignments and gaps in Kenya’s efforts to achieve gender equity in education.
In Indonesia, Hope For The Omnibus Law Method As A Solution To Hyper Regulation
Authors: Amirullah Amirullah , SN Tunggul Anshari , Prasetyo Ngesti Dwi
Published: October 2024

This study aims to describe the expectations of the Omnibus Law Method as a solution to regulatory problems in Indonesia. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with statutory and conceptual approaches. Analytical tools based on the SWOT framework are used to examine primary, secondary, and tertiary sources of law. Due to the overwhelming volume of federal and state laws, the government has chosen to implement sweeping "omnibus" legislation. It's true that rules may be streamlined using the Omnibus approach. One of the goals is the organization of rules, which cannot be achieved if the Formation of Legislation using the Omnibus Law approach is not executed correctly. The success and advantages of the enacted Omnibus Law will determine the future of the method's acceptance in Indonesia's legal system. The regulatory framework is inseparable from the legal underpinnings, apparatus, culture, infrastructure, information technology, and funding that sustain it. The concepts of transparency, caution, and promoting public engagement are essential in Indonesia for applying the Omnibus Law.
INTEGRITY ZONE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIC POLICY AS LEGAL MEASURES FOR CORRUPTION PREVENTION AT UIN SALATIGA
Authors: Mahrus Ali , Sudibyo Desiderius Priyo , Erlin mulyadi Asal Wahyuni
Published: October 2024

The aims of this study are 1) to find out what factors have caused the failure and success of the construction of the Integrity Zone at IAIN Salatiga in achieving the title of a Corruption-free Region; 2) To find out the Integrity Zone development policy in an effort to prevent corruption at IAIN Salatiga. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The stages that the researcher will go through include: the data reduction stage, data presentation, and conclusion drawing (verification). The results of the research are: 1) The most significant cause of failure is due to budget refocusing caused by the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic, which results in sudden budget revisions or the emergence of rules that require changing the program of activities that have been set at the beginning; 2) There are 6 aspects of success in the development of the Integrity zone at IAIN Salatiga including change management, management arrangements, management system arrangements, strengthening supervision, strengthening the quality of public services and making one-stop integrated services; 3) With the establishment of an integrity zone policy at IAIN Salatiga, it can make agents of change in work units, because ZI is not only a matter of orderly administration but also how to work units can serve the community.
Electronic Commerce and Trademarks: Overview of Civil Legal Responsibilities in the Digital Age
Authors: Limbong Ferry Susanto , Nasution Lily Maryam
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze electronic commerce and trademarks in terms of civil law responsibilities in the digital era. In this study, the normative juridical research method was used, namely an approach in legal research that focuses on the analysis of written legal sources, such as laws, statutory regulations, court decisions, and other legal documents. The results of the study show that electronic commerce (e-commerce) and trademarks are two aspects that have implications for civil law responsibility. First, electronic commerce is the activity of buying and selling goods and services carried out electronically via the internet or other electronic media. In this context, civil law responsibilities relate to obligations and responsibilities between parties involved in e-commerce transactions, namely as follows: 1) Contracts and Obligations; 2) Consumer Protection; 3) Product Responsibility: Second, a trademark is a symbol or sign used to differentiate the products or services of one company from another. Trademark protection is part of the civil law that protects the rights of brand owners against the use or infringement of said mark as follows: 1) Trademark Registration; 2) Trademark Infringement; 3) Brand Dispute Resolution.
The Beneficial Aspects of Implementing Ifrad Pilgrimage for Indonesian Pilgrims
Authors: Saragih Sokon , Asmuni Asmuni , Tanjung Dhiauddin
Published: October 2024

Ifrad pilgrimage is a form of Hajj where an individual intends only for Hajj upon entering the state of Ihram. The pilgrim declares Labbaik Bahaj and performs Tawaf Qudum after entering Mecca, remaining in the state of Ihram until the designated Hajj period. Subsequently, the pilgrim follows all the Hajj rituals, including the standing at Arafah, staying at Muzdalifah, casting stones at Jamarat Al-Aqabah, performing Tawaf Ifadhah, Sa'i between Safa and Marwa, and spending the night at Mina for stone throwing on the days of Tashriq. After completing all the Hajj rituals, the pilgrim performs the second Tahallul, exits Mecca, and begins the second Ihram with the intention of Umrah if planning to undertake Umrah rituals. Tamattu' pilgrimage involves initially intending to perform Umrah upon entering the Miqat by saying Labbaik in Umrah. Upon entering Mecca, the pilgrim completes all Umrah rituals such as Tawaf and Sa'i, then shaves or trims the hair, concluding the state of Ihram. On the 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah, the pilgrim enters into the Hajj Ihram, performs Hajj rituals like standing at Arafah, Tawaf, Sa'i, and others comprehensively. Qiran pilgrimage is when an individual intends to perform both Hajj and Umrah simultaneously upon entering Ihram by uttering specific words. The individual remains in the state of Ihram until completing the Hajj rituals. During the Hajj, there is no need for additional Tawaf and Sa'i for Umrah; performing the Tawaf and Sa'i for Hajj is sufficient. Among these three types of pilgrimage, the Ifrad model is considered the least burdensome for pilgrims. This model does not incur penalties, and the greater benefit in performing the Hajj pilgrimage is achieved through the Ifrad model.
CHILD PROTECTION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW AND THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF CHILDREN IN MEDAN CITY
Authors: Muazzul Muazzul , Asmuni Asmuni , Harahap Mhd Yadhi
Published: October 2024

In particular, handling children's problems is included in the social rehabilitation sector which is under the Social Rehabilitation Section for Children and the Elderly Outside of Homes and/or Institutions, although it is also related to other sections within the Medan City Social Service. The importance of this study is to carry out integration between the concept of human rights in the global context and human rights in Islam. It still needs to be reduced to an integrated child protection concept, so that it can be implemented in the form of policies in the local context, especially in the field of social welfare. To derive these two concepts, a systems approach is needed that can explain the position and role of the CRC and Islamic law in child protection and the role of the Medan City Government, especially within the Medan City Social Service, in implementing existing policies. This research uses a qualitative approach to describe and analyze how Islamic law and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) view child protection from their respective perspectives and will then be analyzed as a whole. The role of the Medan City Social Service relating to the field of child protection is carried out through the duties of the Social Rehabilitation Sector, in point (g) that "Guidance, development and control of social service efforts in the field of social rehabilitation services for street children, abandoned children, delinquent children and service provision for neglected elderly people and social rehabilitation of delinquent children.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ARBITRATION AS AN EXPENSIVE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Authors: Rahmatsyah Rahmatsyah
Published: October 2024

Arbitration is an alternative non-litigation dispute resolution which has great demand but it has many weaknesses including the high cost of arbitration and decisions that cannot be executed immediately if registration has not been made at the District Court. Thus, the purpose of the analysis are 1) to analyze the juridical value of arbitration when compared to dispute resolution by litigation and 2) to analyze the effectiveness of arbitration as an effort to settle disputes outside of the court system. This study employed a normative legal methodology. The following are the outcomes of this study: Arbitration is a form of alternative dispute resolution that is widely utilized by individuals, individuals and legal entities, between legal entities, etc. in the context of commercial law. Arbitration is widely chosen because dispute resolution is carried out in a closed, flexible and faster way than litigation and has binding legal force. Arbitration has more value, if the process is carried out correctly, observant in analyzing the problems and fulfilling the elements of the rules regarding the execution of the arbitral award. 2) The arbitration will be legally binding if the parties comply with the arbitration rules in the country where the matter will be executed.. Conclusion: arbitration remains an effective non-litigation dispute resolution option but must pay attention to the arbitration process and provisions so that the parties' awareness will arise to register the results of the arbitration decision and comply with the arbitration law applicable in each country.
CIVIL LAW AND CRIMINAL LAW ASPECTS OF HOAX NEWS IN ELECTRONIC MEDIA
Authors: Rafiqi Rafiqi , Maswandi Maswandi , Marsella Marsella
Published: October 2024

The advancement of information technology (internet) and all
forms of benefits in it brings its own negative consequences which
are increasingly troubling the community. The abuse that occurs
in this cyber space is what is then known as cyber crime or
Information Technology and Electronic other regulators use the
term computer crime. The formulation of the problem in this study
is how the aspects of Civil Law and Criminal Law of Hoax news
Electronic Media How Efforts in Identifying the Spread of Fake /
Hoax News as a Form of Cyber Crime in Indonesia. The research
method in this writing uses Normative Juridical, the nature of this
research is prescriptive research. The results of the discussion in
this study are aspects of civil law and criminal law Electronic
Media Hoax News In Article 1372 of the Civil Code states that
civil suits regarding defamation are aimed at obtaining
compensation and restoration of honor and good name. The
measure used to determine whether a person's actions have
offended honor is very broad. The difference between the regulation
of fake news in Law Number 1 of 1946 concerning Criminal Law
Regulations and the regulation of fake news regulated in Law
Number 11 of 2008 and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning
Information and Electronic Transactions is that Articles 14 and
15 do not mention what kind of fake news, while the Information
and Technology Law is more detailed in mentioning fake news in
the context of electronic transactions and speech that causes
hatred. Efforts to Identify the Spread of Hoaxes as a Form of Cyber
Crime in Indonesia The Chairperson of the Indonesian Anti-Hoax
Society, Septiaji Eko Nugroho provides 5 simple steps that can help
in identifying hoaxes and which are real news, the following
explanation Be careful with provocative titles, Look at the site
address, Check the facts, Check the authenticity of photos
Participate in anti-hoax discussion groups.
I. Introduction
The advancement of internet technology has led to new
Wapwapek Ambover Traditional Wisdom of the Napa People in Dispute Resolution
Authors: Pondayar Yustus
Published: October 2024

This research aims to understand Wapwapek Ambover: the traditional wisdom of the Napa People (Subetnik Biak) used in dispute resolution which can be adopted as a contextual model that is considered suitable for resolving disputes effectively, thoroughly and with dignity. The method used in this exploratory research is supported by two empirical research methods, namely exploratory and descriptive methods to obtain ethnoscientific data on the Napa People, which is still relevant in dispute resolution supported by triangulated interview and observation techniques. The results of the research found that Wapwapek Ambover is the wisdom of the Napa people in dispute resolution efforts, namely the traditional court called fuknuser under the Kankain Kakarara Vyak institution, and four forms of violence: structural (political), resolved with material fines, which ends with the sacred ritual of Wapwapek Ambover " reed-cutting oath', as a model for achieving harmony and peace. Wapwapek Ambover is a model of effective dispute resolution, according to Napa people.
Delaying the Implementation of Carbon Tax in Indonesia: A Critical Review of the Harmonization of Tax Regulations
Authors: Gunawan Edy
Published: October 2024

The implementation of carbon tax has been postponed twice by the government based on the mandate of Articles 13 and 17 of Law No. 7/2021 on Harmonization of Tax Regulations. However, it is unclear how long these delays will last, raising questions about compliance with existing regulations. The postponement of carbon tax implementation based on existing regulations in the Harmonization of Tax Regulations raises concerns regarding compliance with the mandate of the law. The reason for the delay given by the government also needs to be further evaluated to ensure policy consistency and transparency in decision-making. This research aims to analyze the postponement of carbon tax implementation based on the regulations listed in the Taxation Regulations Harmonization Act, as well as identify the reasons for the postponement given by the government. This research method uses normative juridical, qualitative methods by reviewing literature, related rules, and regulations,Reasons for the delay given by the government include caution against a fragile economic recovery and a spike in energy prices. However, these reasons were also used to postpone the increase in the value-added tax (PPN) rate, potentially raising questions about compliance with regulations.
Economic and Corporate Criminal Responsibility Policy in Renewing National Criminal Law
Authors: Melinda Elvina , Setiyono Joko
Published: October 2024

There needs to be a realignment of arrangements regarding corporate criminal liability which concerns regulation of when a corporation is said to have committed a crime, who within the corporation can be held accountable and the provision of appropriate sanctions for corporations that commit crimes, so that there is alignment of rules that have an impact on achieving legal objectives. Based on this background, this study uses two problem formulations, the first is how to regulate corporate criminal responsibility in economic crimes and how to reform the law on corporate criminal responsibility in economic crimes in Indonesia? This research method uses a normative method that departs from differences in criminal liability arrangements for corporations that commit criminal acts under Indonesian law which will result in weak law enforcement against corporate crimes. The results of this study are first, Corporate Responsibility has been regulated in several laws and regulations in Indonesia, but each law and regulation that regulates corporate crime in terms of scope, definition and subject matter varies, therefore there is a need codification and harmonization. provisions regarding corporate crime in order to create legal certainty. 
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEGAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN COMPANIES RELATED TO EARNINGS MANAGEMENT OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN THE CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRY SECTOR LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Pasaribu Dompak , Sinaga Silvia Shania
Published: October 2024

This study adopts a socio-legal approach, which is a non-doctrinal method in legal research, to explore the role of Directors in implementing legal risk management and earnings management post-COVID-19 pandemic. The research method integrates various disciplines to gather empirical data needed to address research questions focused on practical issues, policies, and legal changes. This non-doctrinal research combines qualitative and quantitative aspects using empirical data to analyze the impact of effective legal risk management on the financial performance and reputation of manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through comprehensive empirical data collection, this study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the role of Directors in managing legal risks and earnings management and their impact on the financial performance and reputation of companies during the pandemic crisis. Findings from this research are expected to provide valuable insights for legal practitioners, corporate management, and researchers to develop effective strategies in addressing challenges faced by manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector during the COVID-19 pandemic.
THE ROLE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT IN TESTING THE PRESIDENTIAL THRESHOLD LAW FOR THE 2024 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
Authors: Marzuki Abdul Ukas , Harmono Harmono , Solichin Solichin
Published: October 2024

Objective study This is for know The Role of the Constitutional Court in Reviewing the Presidential Threshold Law for the 2024 Presidential Election As for the method study This is a qualitative study, and research qualitative is a research method used to understand social phenomena in depth. As for the type of research used by the researcher, i.e., studies, usage studies, because the researcher can understand in a way the deep context, process, and complexity of the phenomenon researched. The research results show that the Constitutional Court has the responsibility to ensure that the presidential threshold requirements are in accordance with the constitution and the basic principles of democracy. Controversial cases in various countries and the challenges associated with presidential threshold testing demonstrate the complexity and controversy involved in these arrangements

Keywords: Constitutional Court, presidential threshold, election
Harmonization of Carbon Exchange Regulations Towards a New Era of Capital Markets in Indonesia
Authors: Waileruny Serlly , Kardinata Henes , Yovinka Revianty
Published: October 2024

This article aims to analyze the legislation in relation to carbon exchanges in Indonesia. furthermore, this article seeks to explain the regulation of carbon exchanges in welcoming the new era of capital markets. The type of research used in this legal writing is normative legal research. This research is prescriptive research. Analysis of legal materials using the deductive method where general formulations are drawn to things that are specific. The result of this research is that the regulation on carbon exchange in Indonesia is regulated through the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 14 of 2023 concerning Carbon Trading through Carbon Exchange (POJK 14/2023). This POJK is certainly very loaded with welcoming a new era of capital market law in Indonesia, although it is unfortunate that carbon exchange organizers need to obtain OJK permission and not automatically obtain permission from the stock exchange. The conclusion of this research is the need to separate the organizers between the stock exchange and the carbon exchange.
Res Ipsa Loquitur: Evidence in Civil Law and Islamic Law; Viewed from a doctrinal point of view
Authors: Putri Windy Virdinia , Ichsan Muchammad , Prasetyoningsih Nanik
Published: October 2024

In cases of suspected medical malpractice, it is tough to prove that there is an element of negligence because access to evidence is within or under the perpetrator's control, making it difficult for the victim to access it. In the legal field, the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur was introduced, which makes it easier for victims to prove who is guilty by showing indirect evidence, namely evidence of a fact or several facts from which a reasonable conclusion can be drawn. This research examines the application of res ipsa loquitur in terms of doctrine, civil evidence law, and Islamic law. This research is a literature study using a normative approach that refers to civil evidence law and Islamic law provisions. The legal analysis used is a conceptual, comparative and case study approach. This research found that applying res ipsa loquitur in judicial practice, as long as it is not regulated in procedural law, is a principle that becomes a source for judges to find the law. In civil evidence law, res ipsa loquitur can be implemented through presumptive evidence concluded by the judge. Meanwhile, in Islamic law, there are dalil (instructions) for qarinah, which are equated with presumptive evidence, so that res ipsa loquitur, which can be enforced through presumptive evidence, can also be enforced through qarinah evidence.
Strategies to Increase the Competence of the Police Propam Division in Enforcing Discipline, the Police Professional Code of Ethics, and Criminal Offenses Committed by Members within the Police Headquarters
Authors: Imawan Achmad Husni , Nita Surya , Gani Yopik , Fadillah Firman
Published: October 2024

This research aims to understand the system and methods of internal law enforcement and the strategies for enhancing the competence of the Indonesian National Police's Division of Professionalism and Security (Divpropam) in enforcing discipline, the professional code of conduct, and handling criminal acts committed by its members within the National Police Headquarters (Mabes Polri) environment. With the increasing complexity of police duties, this research is crucial to ensuring the professionalism and quality of the Indonesian National Police members and providing insights into concrete efforts to strengthen the Divpropam. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results show that: 1) The system and methods of internal law enforcement among members within the Mabes Polri environment exhibit complexity and challenges that need to be addressed. The process of handling disciplinary violations, the professional code of conduct, and criminal acts tends to be time-consuming and often ineffective and inefficient, with the main obstacles being overlapping issues and time discrepancies; and 2) Competence enhancement strategies through adequate training provision, comprehensive curriculum development, and the establishment of the Divpropam Training Center (Pusdik Propam) are key to improving the competence of Divpropam members. With these measures, it is hoped that the Divisi Propam Polri can carry out its duties more professionally and effectively, thus strengthening internal law enforcement within the Mabes Polri environment.