bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slow dynamical modes from static averages
Authors: Devergne Timothée , Kostic Vladimir , Pontil Massimiliano , Parrinello Michele
Published: November 2024

In recent times, efforts are being made at describing the evolution of a complex system not through the, often impossible to obtain long trajectories, but via the study of distribution evolution. This more collective approach can be made practical using the transfer operator formalism and its associated dynamics generator. Here, we reformulate in more transparent way the result of [Devergne et al https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.09028] and show that the lowest eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of the dynamics can be efficiently computed using data easily available in biased simulations. We also show explicitly that the long time dynamics can be reconstructed by using the spectral decomposition of the dynamics operator.
Accelerated Diradical Character Assessment in Large Datasets of Polybenzenoid Hydrocarbons Using xTB Fractional Occupation
Authors: Wahab Alexandra , Gershoni-Poranne Renana
Published: November 2024

Polybenzenoid hydrocarbons (PBHs) have gar- nered significant attention in the field of or- ganic electronics due to their unique electronic properties. To facilitate the design and discov- ery of new functional organic materials based on these compounds, it is necessary to assess their diradical character. However, this usually requires expensive multireference calculations. In this study, we introduce a novel approach for rapidly identifying and quantifying open- shell character in PBHs using the fractional occupation number weighted electron density metric (NFOD) calculated with the semiempir- ical xTB method. We apply this approach to the entire chemical space of PBHs containing up to 10 rings, a total of over 19k molecules. Our findings reveal a strong correlation be- tween xTB-calculated NFOD and the more com- putationally expensive Yamaguchi y and DFT- calculated NFOD, validating the use of this effi- cient method for large-scale screening. Addi- tionally, we identify a linear relationship be- tween size and NFOD value and implement a size-dependent threshold for open-shell charac- ter, which significantly improves the accuracy of diradical identification across the chemical space of PBHs. This size-aware approach re- duces false positive identifications from 6.97% to 0.38% compared to using a single thresh- old value. Overall, this work demonstrates that xTB-calculated NFOD provides a rapid and cost- effective alternative for large-scale screening of open-shell character in PBHs.
Antigen-specific modulation of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in humanized mice by TCR-like antibody targeting autoreactive T-cell epitope
Authors: Goor Alona , Altman Efrat , Arman Inbar , Erez Shir , Haus-Cohen Maya , Reiter Yoram
Published: November 2024

The development and application of human TCR-like (TCRL) antibodies recognizing disease-specific MHC–peptide complexes may prove as an important tool for basic research and therapeutic applications. Multiple sclerosis is characterized by aberrant CD4 T-cell response to self-antigens presented by MHC class II molecules. This led us to select a panel of TCRL Abs targeting the immunodominant autoantigenic epitope MOG35-55derived from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) presented on HLA-DR2, which is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). We demonstrate that these TCRL Abs bind with high specificity to human HLA-DR2/MOG35-55-derived MHC class II molecules and can detect APCs that naturally present the MS-associated autoantigen in the humanized EAE transgenic mouse model. The TCRL Abs can block ex vivo and in vivo CD4 T-cell proliferation in response to MOG35-55stimulation in an antigen-specific manner. Most significantly, administration of TCRL Abs to MOG35-55-induced EAE model in HLA-DR2 transgenic mice both prevents and regresses established EAE. TCRL function was associated with a reduction in autoreactive pathogenic T-cell infiltration into the CNS, along with modulation of activated CD11b+ macrophages/microglial APCs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the combined action of TCRL Abs in blocking TCR-MHC interactions and modulating APC presentation and activation, leading to a profound antigen-specific inhibitory effect on the neuroinflammatory process, resulting in regression of EAE. Our study constitutes an in vivo proof of concept for the utility of TCR-like antibodies as antigen-specific immunomodulators for CD4-mediated autoimmune diseases such as MS, validating the importance of the TCR-MHC axis as a therapeutic target for various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Cyberformance and Children’s Theatre: a Contextual Examination of the Janelle and Joella Paradigm
Authors: Gana Emmanuel Tsadu
Published: November 2024

This article identifies cyberspace as an alternate theatre environment for audiences to see performances.  There is no doubt that the internet has had a tremendous influence on human society; the interconnectedness and easy access to information and resources which it enables is a testament to this. Theatre artists have recently tapped into cyberspace to create content for an expanding online audience. This article explores how performance can enhance children's theatre in this digital space. It examines the concept of children’s theatre and defines children-centered online content as performance. The article broadens the definition of "liveness" in cyberformance to include not just live events but also pre-recorded content that engages viewers continuously. It analyzes three videos from Janelle and Joella, two sisters addressing children's issues online. This content is positioned within the framework of children-for-adult children’s theatre and identified as cyberformance. It highlights the videos' themes and presentation styles as exemplary of children’s theatre. Also, the attributes of performance, which are interconnectedness, liveness, and engagement, were established within the Janelle and Joella children’s theatre paradigm. The article concludes on the note that cyberformance offers a veritable platform for the continuous exploration of theatre.
Evaluation of quality of life of women breast cancer survivors who received resistance training for 12 months
Authors: Santos Jessika Teodoro , Silva Naiany Pereira , Silva Rizia Rocha , Marques Vitor Alves , Alves Rafael Ribeiro , Damasio Nathan Muci Aguiar , Vieira Carlos Alexandre
Published: November 2024

Objective: The study aimed to assess the impact of a 12-month resistance training (RT) protocol on the quality of life (QoL) of woman breast cancer (BC) survivors. Methodology: This is an experimental study, lasting 12 months and involving 10 women (58.80±6.94 years) BC survivors. QoL was evaluated using the FACT B+4 (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – BC + Arm Subscale) composed of the domains: physical well-being (PWB), social/family well-being (SWB), well- -being emotional (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), BC specific aspects (BCS), Trial Outcomes Index (TOI), FACT-B, and FACT-G. To analyze the two dependent measurements (pre- and post-intervention), we used the paired student t-test (parametric data) described as mean and standard error (SE) and the Wilcoxon test (non-parametric) described as median and SE. Results: For QoL, there was a significant difference for SWB with an improvement of 6.10 (SE 2.11) points (t(9)=2.883, p=0.018; d=1.14 “large”) and FWB improvement of 7.60 (SE 2.77) points (t(9)=2.736, p=0.023; d=0.86 “large”). As for TOI, FACT-G, and FACT-B, there was a significant increase post-training, with gains of 13.60 (SE 4.02), 17.10 (SE 5.07), and 21.90 (SE 6.31) points, respectively, with significant differences for TOI (t(9)=3.376, p=0.008; d=1.06 “large”), FACT-G (t(9)=3.372, p=0.009; d=1.06 “large”), and FACT-B (t(9)=3.468, p=0.007; d=1.09 “large”). The Wilcoxon test indicated an improvement in BCS after the intervention, with a median of 4.00 (SE 2.14) points (W=3.500, p=0.027, rB=0.84 “large”). Conclusion: RT after 12 months of intervention is significantly beneficial in improving the QoL of women BC survivors.
Brazilian Society of Mastology Podcast: creation and consolidation of a new communication channel
Authors: Soares Leonardo Ribeiro , Oliveira-Junior Idam de , Marques Larissa Cabral , Polidorio Natalia , Heinzen Rebeca , Dassie Thamyse , Andrade Felipe , Oliveira Vilmar Marques
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to describe the creation and first year of operation of the SBM Channel, the official podcast of the Brazilian Society of Mastology (SBM – Sociedade Brasileira de Mastologia). Methodology: The SBM Channel was created in 2021 at the initiative of the SBM Board of Directors, with the aim of increasing communication and generating knowledge for members and the general population. To organize it, six associated mastologists were invited, of which four were women aged between 30 and 40 years. The channel has two programs: Breast Health in Focus (BHF), released weekly and aimed at the lay public, with an objective and didactic approach, and Point and Counterpoint (PCP), released monthly and aimed at physicians, in which specialists debate various topics related to mastology. Episodes were recorded monthly in an online studio, prepared, and made available on various podcast aggregator platforms. Results: In 1 year, there were 13 episodes of PCP, 56 episodes of BHF, and an additional 4 episodes covering the Congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). In total, 125 specialists were involved in the project, the majority of mastologists from all regions of the country. The Channel’s audience was over 10,000 listeners, predominantly composed of women (67%), aged between 35 and 44 years (43%), and accessed mainly through the Spotify platform (79%). Conclusion: The SBM Channel fulfilled its objective of spreading knowledge among members and the general population, constituting a new form of communication and access to reliable and quality information.
Management of physical therapy after chemotherapy extravasations: case report
Authors: Gomes Nádia Oliveira , Santana Magda Souza de , Farias Elaine da Silva , Barbosa Keyla de Paula , Barreto Tito Livio Cardoso
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to present the role of physiotherapy after chemotherapy extravasation. Patient G.M.M.S, 75 years old, diagnosed with breast cancer, during her first session of vesicant chemotherapy via port-a-cath, experienced a burning sensation in the breast. She reported this to the team who asked her to stay under observation. After 24 h, she developed swelling, redness, and pain in the region. Over the following days, her condition worsened, requiring hospitalization and antibiotic treatment. Due to the extravasation, she continued chemotherapy treatment intravenously. Six months after the incident, she sought physiotherapy reporting a sensation of hardening, swelling, and discomfort in the breast area. Upon physical evaluation, she presented with 14 cm of fibrosis in the breast, significant edema, dilated pores, red and purplish skin, and pain rated at 6 on the Numerical Rating Scale. Methodology: Ten physiotherapy sessions two times per week were conducted with the aim of reducing fibrosis, edema, and pain. The approach included manual therapy in the fibrosis region, infrared photobiomodulation, shockwave therapy, and compressive taping. Results: After 10 sessions, there was a reduction in fibrosis to 7 cm, decreased edema, and no more pain. The patient continues with treatment. Conclusion: Physiotherapy offers therapeutic resources that can help reduce the inflammatory process, remodel fibrosis, and provide analgesia in tissue changes caused by extravasation.
Development of Electronics Student Worksheets Based on the Nature of Science in the Organic Chemistry on Polymer Materials Course
Authors: Aulia Nanda Salwa , Susilawati Susilawati , Copriady Jimmi
Published: November 2024

This research is motivated by the need to provide teaching materials that can help students understand organic chemistry, especially polymer materials. Based on findings in the field, Organic Chemistry is one of the subjects whose material is difficult to understand. The development of the times and technology has brought developments in teaching materials in learning, namely technology-based. The purpose of this study is to produce E-LKM based on Nature of Science in the Organic Chemistry Course on Polymer Materials that can help students understand polymer materials more easily.The method used is the Research and Development (R&D) method, with the ADDIE model, which consists of 5 phases, namely the analysis phase, design phase, development phase, implementation phase and evaluation phase. The Nature of Science-based Electronics Student Worksheets developed on Polymer material was declared valid based on material and media validation with values ​​of 93% and 97% respectively. The Nature of Science-based Electronics Student Worksheets on polymer material that was developed received a very good response from lecturers and students with scores of 92% and 90% respectively. Electronic Student Worksheet was declared valid and received a positive response from users and can be used in classroom learning.
Forest History Association of Wisconsin
Authors: Ed Bauer
Published: November 2024

The Enterprise Radiation Forest (ERF) study was initially introduced as a topic of discussion at the Institute of Forest Genetics, USDA, USFS, in the late 1960s. During that period, a program was endorsed for investigating the impacts of radiation on the forest ecosystem. The rationale for this was to facilitate the prediction of potential outcomes in the occurrence of a nuclear disaster. The research location was situated within the forested lands in Enterprise of Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. The radiation source in question was a 10,000 curie source of Cesium-137, characterized by a halflife of 33 years. Furthermore, a study concerning lichens was also carried out, the data, photographs, and micrographs were meticulously gathered to illustrate the pre-irradiation activity of the species. This subject holds significant value for dissemination among peers in the scientific community, particularly considering the resilience exhibited by natural ecosystems in response to varying levels of radiation. The information is reviewed with the objective of the entire program to ascertain the potential consequences for a northern forest ecosystem in the event of a nuclear disaster, in addition to the two publications from the Atomic Energy Commission.
Customized Workflow for Proactive Geosteering in Thin Heterogeneous Carbonate Reservoirs Utilizing Deep Resistivity Inversion
Authors:   Aramco, Fateh Ahmed , Al-Haji Abdullah ,   Aramco, Elmasry Hesham ,   Halliburton, Bikchandaev Eduard ,   Halliburton
Published: November 2024

Well placement techniques have been evolving in the past years to improve reservoir exposure and optimize well placement. Although the traditional reactive geosteering methodology in thin reservoirs has improved reservoir exposure, it cannot anticipate sudden dip changes or potential exits. Thin reservoirs impose significant challenges for well placement to maintain the trajectory in the target zone, avoiding any potential exits. Reservoir exits may complicate completion designs, requiring isolation of specific zones, or may result in lower productivity in the case of exits into a poor-quality reservoir. A new approach has been adopted, integrating azimuthal deep resistivity inversion and shallow logging-while-drilling (LWD) measurements. The approach optimizes well placement by detecting distant bed boundaries based on their differing characteristics. This approach has provided better insight into the subsurface geology. The methodology incorporates prewell modeling using multiple offset wells. Preplanning is key for optimizing the well placement strategy and tool setup. Based on the available data, the model is updated in real time for improved decision making. The post-well analysis provides crucial data to update the model for future wells and capture the lessons learned from each well. The new process optimized the landing in thin reservoirs while mapping adjacent layers in the lateral section. The well trajectory was adjusted before any potential exit by mapping the reservoir boundaries and reacting to dip changes utilizing the deep azimuthal sensitivity. The methodology integrated other logs to update the geological model in real time. This has also improved well delivery time and reduced tortuosity by minimizing the number of inclination corrections. The completion design has also been optimized by minimizing the need for any zonal isolation Proactive geosteering using deep resistivity inversion in thin reservoirs has improved well placement significantly compared to traditional shallow azimuthal measurements. The technology and techniques have been tailored to the reservoir challenge to maximize reservoir exposure, minimize well construction time, and minimize completion cost.
CCUS Plume Monitoring: Verifying Surface CSEM Measurements to Log Scale
Authors:   KMS Technologies, Strack Kurt , Barajas-Olalde Cesar ,   EERC-University of North Dakota, Davydycheva Sophia ,   KMS Technologies, Martinez Yardenia ,   KMS Technologies, Paembonan Andri ,   Sumatra Institute of Technology
Published: November 2024

In carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) monitoring, dynamic plume monitoring and reservoir seal are key issues. Plume monitoring is best addressed with electromagnetics (sensitive to the resistivity contrast) and reservoir leakage with microseismics. A case history from North Dakota illustrates how we can tie surface-controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) measurements to the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropic models derived from the available logs. This allows us to certify baseline measurements within the context of the borehole information. The key to this workflow is to derive a 3D anisotropic model from the logs that include all the log responses and lithology. An initial 3D modeling feasibility has in-field noise measurements to determine the best survey operational parameters based on expected fluid substitution models and noise levels. For the acquisition, careful instrument calibration and verification of all acquisition parameters are essential. Concurrent with the acquisition, a near-real-time quality assurance is carried out, which includes the results in a feedback verification loop to influence the data quality of the acquisition positively. With this process, we are able to define the length of acquisition time that yields sufficiently good data quality that can then be used for unsupervised inversion. The only influencing component in the inversion is the data weights derived from the repeated measurements (stacking weight). The resulting sensitivities show us that the data are sensitive in our case history (North Dakota) to a depth of 3,000 m. We carried out magnetotelluric and CSEM measurements. All data are consistent and match the 3D response of the anisotropic electrical log as well as the seismic section available in the area. The entire process is data-driven with minimum human interaction or inclusion of model assumptions. Achieving log scale resolution from surface measurements is a significant breakthrough, and thus, we are able to verify baseline measurement before we actually do the repeat measurement and, based on the results, further fine-tune the repeat survey.
Zeuxias’ Monetary Deposits at the Sanctuary of Olympia
Authors: Pacheco Ascuy Jeremy
Published: November 2024

This bronze plaque, found in 1879, contains two monetary deposits made by an individual named Zeuxias at the sanctuary of Olympia in the second half of the fifth century BC. It constitutes one of the few preserved documents of this type, making it a valuable testimony of banking activities at Panhellenic sanctuaries. Due to the fragmentary status of the text, a comparison with other analogous inscriptions and literary testimonies is here offered, with the aim of casting some light on the reason behind the deposit, and the formulaic language used.
Kinematics, singularity, and workspace analysis of a spatial parallel robot with pure translational motion in a plane for pick-and-place operations
Authors: Adriyan Adriyan , Ridha Fauzi Muhammad , Anwar Zaki , Mutaqin Dimas Ahmad
Published: November 2024

This research presents a new spatial Parallel Manipulator (PM) with pure translational motion in a plane or 2-DOF PM for pickand-place operation. This spatial 2-DOF PM is constructed by the 2(RRR)-2(PRRR) kinematic chain and is named Ψ2. This Ψ2 PM offers simplicity in its architecture because each limb applies a 1- DOF joint. The applicability of Ψ2 for pick-and-place operations was investigated by performing kinematic and singularity analyses at the preliminary stage. The singularity of Ψ2 was determined by relying on its Jacobian matrices, where three kinds of singularity can be evaluated. Next, the singularity and Jacobian matrix hold a key to identifying the workspace in a regular geometrical shape required for the operation of such an application. The identified operational workspace must be free of singularity and good conditioning workspace. In this study, two predetermined values of Ψ2 kinematic parameters were used to evaluate the kinematic characteristics and singularity of the manipulator as well as to identify its operational workspace. According to the results, Ψ2 has a good prospect of being applied to high-speed pick-and-place operations.
Pemetaan Merajan Kawitan Arya Kepakisan Dauh Bale Agung, Desa Talibeng, Kecamatan Sidemen, Kabupaten Karangasem,Bali
Authors: Wibawa I Gede Sastra , Budiadi I Made , Suasira I Wayan , Sutapa I Ketut
Published: November 2024

Masyarakat Desa Talibeng ,  Kecamatan Sidemen , memiliki beberapa pura yang menjadi tempat persembahyangan. Salah satau  Pura  tersebut adalah Pura Merajan Kawitan Arya Kepakisan Dauh Bale Agung.  Meningkatnya kesadaran umat dalam menjalankan tugas dan kewajiban sebagai masyarakat yg senantiasa menjaga warisan leluhurnya. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah kurangnya rasa kenyamanan dan keamanan dalam melakukan persembahyangan pada hari hari tertentu seperti hari piodalan Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah menciptakan rasa kenyamanan dalam  melakukan persembahyangan, khususnya  di Pura  Kawitan Desa Talibeng. Metode yang dialksanakan dengan penataan lingkungan Pura . Karena area pura tidak begitu luas, maka diperlukan perencanaan dalam perluasan ini dengan  perencanaan yang matang. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian adalah gambar pemetaan lingkungan pura, pemberian nama pada setiap pelinggih, dan melakukan inventarisasi terhadap duwe pura. Untuk itu panitia bendesa adat pembangunan   pura meminta Tim Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Bali untuk merencanakan pemetaan Pura.
Pendampingan Bimbingan Teknis Penyusunan Qanun Gampong Kepada Masyarakat di Kampung Gayo Setie Kecamatan Gajah Puteh Kabupaten Bener Meriah
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani , Nasir Muhammad , Multazam Teuku , Basri Hasan , Yasir Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Kampung Gayo Setie, Kecamatan Gajah Puteh, Kabupaten Bener Meriah merupakan mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini di mana mitra menghadapi kendala dalam penyusunan qanun gampong karena kurangnya SDM. Dampaknya adalah minimnya qanun gampong yang tersedia, terutama yang berkaitan dengan sumber daya air bersih, adat istiadat kampung, pengelolaan aset desa dan juga beberapa qanun gampong yang lain. Qanun yang telah dibuatpun masih banyak kekurangan dan menyalahi format sebagaimana yang termaktub dalam Qanun Nomor 3 Tahun 2007 Tentang Tata Cara Pembentukan Qanun serta Qanun Kabupaten Bener Meriah Nomor 4 Tahun 2015 tentang Pemerintahan Kampung. Berdasarkan masalah itu, tim pengabdian dan mitra menyepakati supaya kegiatan pengabdian ini diarahkan pada bimbingan teknis dan pendampingan penyusunan qanun gampong, terutama yang berhubungan dengan sumber daya air bersih, pengelolaan aset kampung, adat-istiadat kampung dan lain-lain. Metode pelaksanaan  melalui sosialisasi kegiatan dan program kepada pihak mitra yang kemudian dilanjutan dengan pelatihan dalam bentuk workshop dan bimbingan sampai menghasilkan qanun gampong. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah melatih dan mendampingi mitra dalam penyusunan qanun gampong sehingga Kampung Gayo Setie selaku mitra menjadi lebih teratur, aman, tertib, dan tentram. Metode penyelesaian permasalahan dilakukan dengan dua kegiatan yaitu melakukan pelatihan dalam bentuk bimbingan teknis kepada mitra, berupa pelatihan teori, konsep tatacara penyusunan qanun dan pelatihan penyusunan qanun gampong, kemudian melakukan pendampingan kepada mitra. Target dan luaran dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah dari aspek pelatihan penyusunan qanun gampong adalah pengetahuan mitra tentang tatacara penyusunan qanun gampong meningkat dan tersedianya pedoman penyusunan qanun gampong. Dari aspek pendampingan adalah terwujudnya qanun-qanun gampong mitra yang sesuai dengan prosedur penyusunan peraturan desa dan mitra mampu membuat qanun-qanun tentang sumber daya air bersih, pengelolaan aset kampung, adat-istiadat kampung  dan qanun-qanun lainnya yang dianggap urgen.
Inovasi Pengolahan Sampah Organik Untuk Budidaya Lalat BSF Di Nagari Lawang Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Yusra Yusra , Ulfah Maria , Ethika Ethika , Desfitri Erda Rahmilaila
Published: November 2024

Sampah menjadi sumber masalah apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik, apalagi berasal dari aktifitas pasar yang kegiatannya selalu ada setiap hari. Yang menjadi mitra dalam kegiatan ini adalah Pokdarwis Manih Sarumpun dan kelompok ibu-ibu PKK bertempat tinggal dekat Pasar Lawang Kecamatan Matur, Kabupaten Agam, Sumatera Barat. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada mitra tentang bagaimana  cara mengelola sampah organik melalui kegiatan budidaya maggot. Metode yang dilakukan dalam PMM ini adalah penyuluhan dalam bentuk sosialisasi tentang cara memulai usaha budidaya lalat BSF, teknik budidaya, cara panen, penjualan sampai aplikasi ulat maggot sebagai pakan ikan dan ayam. Kegiatan ini memberikan dampak pada peningkatan pengetahuan mitra tentang pemanfaatan sampah organik untuk melakukan budidaya lalat BSF. Terjadi peningkatan pemahaman mitra terhadap prospek, manfaat ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan sehingga menjadi solusi alternatif dalam memperoleh penghasilan dan mereduksi masalah sampah organik di Nagari Lawang. Respon kegiatan diperoleh sebesar 89,7% sangat menambah pengetahuan, 7,2% cukup menambah pengetahuan dan 3,1% biasa saja
Artificial Influence: Comparing the Effects of AI and Human Source Cues in Reducing Certainty in False Beliefs
Authors: Goel Natasha , Bergeron Thomas , Lee-Whiting Blake , galipeau thomas , Bohonos Danielle , Islam Mujahedul , Lachance Sarah , Savolainen Sonja , Treger Clareta , Merkley Eric
Published: November 2024

People often resist updating their beliefs, even when confronted with strong evidence. While some research suggests artificial intelligence (AI) could be a solution to this problem, its persuasive capacity remains under-explored. This pre-registered study examines whether large language models (LLMs) can reduce belief certainty among a sample of N=1,730 Americans, all of whom held at least one false or unsupported belief. Treated participants engaged in up to five rounds of conversation with ChatGPT-4o, with the treatment manipulating who participants were told they were speaking with: ChatGPT, an expert on the topic, or a fellow survey respondent who disagreed with them. Across all conditions, we find that the conversation with AI reduced participants' certainty in their false or unsupported beliefs, with 29\% of participants even persuaded to switch to an accurate belief. However, ChatGPT as a source label did not contribute to this persuasive capacity. The reduction in belief certainty was not significantly greater for the ChatGPT label compared to a fellow survey taker label, though it was for the expert label. Our findings point largely to message effects—even when brief, multi-round conversations with AI have a clear influence, emphasizing the significance of both the content and interactive nature of these conversations. However, the role of source cues remains critical, with the appeal of a human expert source label over a ChatGPT label raising important questions with respect to the use of AI as a tool for persuasion.
Microbial Biofilms in the African Plastisphere Implications for Freshwater Ecosystems and Contaminant Degradation
Authors: Xu Lei , Hong Ziming
Published: November 2024

Microbial biofilms on plastic debris, collectivelyknown as the plastisphere, play a dual role in Africa’s freshwaterecosystems. These biofilms contribute to nutrient cycling andcontaminant degradation, yet they also serve as potential vectorsfor pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes. Plastic waste inaquatic systems disrupts microbial communities, raising concernsover water quality and ecosystem health. Biofilm adaptabilityenhances pollutant breakdown, particularly for heavy metalsand organic contaminants, while simultaneously increasing envi-ronmental contamination risks. This study emphasizes the needfor further research to manage biofilm interactions with plasticpollution, addressing critical ecological challenges in Africa’sfreshwater environments.
Gesture use among multilinguals and monolinguals in emotional autobiographical stories
Authors: Nicoladis Elena , Tunalı Elif Tutku , Volk Hunter J.
Published: November 2024

Previous studies have shown that multilinguals produce more gestures when speaking than monolinguals, particularly iconic gestures, gestures that resemble the referent. Most studies have elicited speech in relatively emotion-neutral contexts. This study tested whether positive/negative emotion interacted with multilingualism in participants’ gesture production. Monolingual and multilingual participants told events from their lives that were happy, sad, or traumatic. We coded their gestures as either representational (primarily iconic) or beats. The results did not show differences in gesture use between multilinguals and monolinguals, nor did emotional valence or intensity influence gesture production. These results suggest that language proficiency, rather than multilingualism alone, may be a key factor in gesture frequency. The absence of emotional effects on gesture use challenges prior assumptions about the role of emotions in gestural expression. Future research should focus on exploring how language proficiency, emotional context, and situational factors together influence gesture production across different linguistic populations.
Impact of Educational Attainment on Mental Health Among Thai Adolescents: A Comparative Study of Educated and Uneducated Adolescents
Authors: Changjai Wilandarin
Published: November 2024

The issue of mental health among youth in Thailand has seen a significant increase. Research by UNICEF indicates that most Thai youth aged 10-19 have experienced mental health problems and engaged in self-harm in recent years due to various factors. This study focuses on a key factor that most Thai youth should receive: “education.” According to Thai law, basic education is a right for all Thai youth. However, at a certain age, some youth decide to leave the education system due to personal issues. This raises the researcher’s question: does education, which all Thai youth are supposed to receive, affect the mental health issues of Thai youth? The study employed a survey conducted through Google Forms, with questions selected from the Department of Mental Health of Thailand to assess various skills that the researcher aimed to examine. The data were analyzed using the Independent Sample t-test to compare groups and determine significant differences (SPSS), presenting the findings in graphical format. The control variables for this study were the participants, who came from neighboring regions with similar income levels. The researcher interpreted and analyzed the collected data. The findings indicated that the group receiving education had better mental health, coping with academic pressure, and happiness results compared to the group not receiving education. However, both groups had similar stress results. The researcher further analyzed these findings, considering both internal and external factors.
Towards Flexible Spectrum Access: Data-Driven Insights into Spectrum Demand
Authors: Alkadamani Mohamad , Ghasemi Amir , Yanikomeroglu Halim
Published: November 2024

In the diverse landscape of 6G networks, wherewireless connectivity demands surge and spectrum resourcesremain limited, flexible spectrum access becomes paramount.The success of crafting such schemes hinges on our abilityto accurately characterize spectrum demand patterns acrossspace and time. This paper presents a data-driven methodologyfor estimating spectrum demand variations over spaceand identifying key drivers of these variations in the mobilebroadband landscape. By leveraging geospatial analytics andmachine learning, the methodology is applied to a case study inCanada to estimate spectrum demand dynamics in urban regions.Our proposed model captures 70% of the variability in spectrumdemand when trained on one urban area and tested on another.These insights empower regulators to navigate the complexities of6G networks and devise effective policies to meet future networkdemands.
Translation, Validation and Extended Factor Models of the German State Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (S-DERS)
Authors: Sicorello Maurizio , Elsaesser Moritz , Kolar David R.
Published: November 2024

Difficulties in emotion regulation are an essential transdiagnostic phenomenon of mental health. While there is extensive literature focusing on emotion regulation difficulties as trait-like constructs, it is inherently a dynamic process that unfolds over time. This raises the need for state-like measures to capture these temporal dynamics in both laboratory and real-world settings, such as the State Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (S-DERS). In the present study, we report the German translation and validation of the S-DERS and present a cross-sectional network analysis to stimulate novel hypotheses for pathways linking single discrete difficulties. A sample of 214 participants underwent a negative mood induction followed by an assessment of the 21-item S-DERS. The results confirm the four-factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the original English version. Consistent with previous studies on the trait-DERS, we find that an exploratory structural equation modeling approach with extensive cross-loadings is necessary to reach good model fit. Moreover, a model with four correlated factors outperformed a bi-factor and high-order model. This indicates there is no single latent construct of emotion regulation difficulties, but rather four distinct but related constructs for (a) Non-acceptance of Current Emotions, (b) Limited Ability to Modulate Current Emotional and Behavioral Responses, (c) Lack of Awareness of Current Emotions, and (d) Lack of Clarity about Current Emotions. These associations may imply a complex causal interplay between these factors.
Alcohol and Substance Use Differentially Impact Suicidal Ideation in a Longitudinal Cohort of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Sperry Sarah Havens , Smith Julia Louise
Published: November 2024

Background: Across bipolar disorders (BSDs), alcohol and substance use and suicidal ideation (SI) contribute to increased rates of morbidity and mortality. The goal of the present study was to investigate temporal relationships between the intensity/frequency (I/F) of use and impairment related to alcohol and substance use and SI in a longitudinal BSD cohort.Methods: Participants with BDI (n=565), BDII (n=162), and BD NOS (n=61) were included (median enrollment=72 months). Alcohol and substance use were measured using a modified version of the AUDIT administered every 6 months. SI was measured every 2 months using item 9 from the PHQ-9. Linear mixed effects models tested concurrent associations and Dynamic Structural Equation Models tested prospective associations between alcohol and substance use I/F and impairment with SI. Results: Cocaine I/F and alcohol and substance use impairment were concurrently associated with SI. When a person had more frequent and intense cannabis use compared to average, they had higher SI at the next timepoint. When individuals experienced more alcohol and substance use impairment than average, they had higher SI at the next timepoint. Conclusions: Both alcohol and substance use appear to increase SI for those with BSDs, though in different ways.
Strategi Kepemimpinan Islam Untuk Menumbuhkembangkan Karakter Nasionalisme Siswa sebagai Generasi Emas 2045
Authors: Susanto Yandri , Zamroni M. Afif
Published: November 2024

Students as the golden generation of 2045 are expected to be a superior generation to advance the civilization of the Indonesian nation. To realize the progress of the nation's civilization, a nationalistic character is needed. With the right Islamic leadership strategy, it will have a positive impact in developing the character of nationalism in students. Using qualitative research method, the case study approach of this research aims to find Islamic leadership strategies to develop the character of nationalism of students as the golden generation of 2045. The results of this research are Islamic leadership strategies in the form of: a) Strengthening the Vision and Mission of the institution which have implications for making students excel in religious knowledge, complete with general knowledge, and have a strong Nationalism character, b) Management of Recruitment of Educators and Education Personel which has implications for teacher recruitment policies that must have the ideology of the 4 Pillars of Nationality and have the understanding of Ahlus Sunnah wa Al-Jamaah Al-Nahdliyah, c) Regulating Teacher Regulations which has implications for the implementation of humanistic rewards and punishments, d) Implementing National and International Curriculum which has implications for the integration of Islamic Religious Subjects, Pancasila, and Citizenship Subjects, and the development of student communication competencies, e) Strengthening Student Organization Experience and Competition Assistance which has implications for the growth and development of Responsibility, Discipline, and Nationalism, f) Strict in the Process and Responsible for Learning Outcomes which has implications for the implementation of mastery learning and student acceptance in well-known universities
Influence of technological parameters on the air heater exergy efficiency of the heat recovery system boiler plant
Authors: Fialko N. , Stepanova A. , Navrodska R. , Meranova N. , Shevchuk S.
Published: November 2024

The analysis results of the technological parameters influence on the air heater exergetic efficiency of the heat recovery system a boiler plant with a heating capacity of 2 MW are presented. A comprehensive methodology based on the balance methods of exergetic analysis and the selection of the necessary evaluation criteria was used to evaluate the efficiency. Exergetic losses and heat-exergetic efficiency criterion, which characterizes exergetic losses per unit of heat output of the air heater, were chosen as these criteria. Using the developed methodology, the nature and regularities of the heating capacity the plate air heater influence on its exergetic efficiency were established. The local exergetic losses associated with heat transfer between heat-transfer agents, wall thermal conductivity, and heat-transfer agents motion, as well as their relative contribution to the total local exergetic losses, are investigated. It was established that the largest exergetic losses and the heat- exergetic efficiency criterion in the air heater for all values of its heat output are related with heat transfer from the wall to the air. The values of exergetic losses and the heat-exergy efficiency criterion for heat transfer from flue gases to the wall are 1.4-1.5 times less than the exergetic losses for heat transfer from the wall to the air. The values of exergetic losses and the heat-exergy efficiency criterion related with wall thermal conductivity and heat-transfer agents movement are, on average, an order of magnitude lower. It was established that to increase the air heater exergetic efficiency, it is advisable to reduce local exergetic losses by increasing the heat transfer coefficients, mainly by increasing the heat transfer coefficient from the wall to the air. The optimal values heating capacity of the air heater studied, which corresponds to its high exergetic efficiency, does not exceed 55 kW.
Branching and nonbranching intracranial aneurysms in the presence of a persistent stapedial artery and an aberrant internal carotid artery assessed with computational hemodynamics: illustrative case
Authors: Salaud Céline , Martin Tristan , El Hage Gilles , Bojanowski Michel W
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

The mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of bifurcation versus lateral wall aneurysms are not well understood. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can improve the understanding of these mechanisms and can consequently help identify patients at higher risk for developing aneurysms and monitor them more closely.

OBSERVATIONS

A 36-year-old man presented with a ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm, which was successfully treated with microsurgical clipping. Imaging also revealed a persistent stapedial artery with an elongated and tortuous posterior communicating artery (PComA). Fourteen years later, he was readmitted for a ruptured aneurysm on a PComA loop. CFD helped identify considerable collateral circulation due to the aberrant internal carotid artery (ICA). High flow rates trigger both types of aneurysms, but nuances exist in the hemodynamic mechanisms that drive their growth.

LESSONS

Berry aneurysms and lateral wall aneurysms initially start due to a high flow rate, a common underlying cause. However, the formation of true sidewall aneurysms is primarily characterized by locally increased wall shear stress, while the development of berry aneurysms is mainly linked to high local blood pressure at arterial bifurcations. An aberrant ICA can lead to supraphysiological compensatory flow in the anterior and posterior circulation, increasing the risk of intracranial aneurysm formation at both branching and nonbranching sites, underscoring the need for lifelong monitoring.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24421
Middle meningeal artery embolization and tranexamic acid therapy for subdural hematoma in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: illustrative case
Authors: Kushmakov Robert , Cazorla-Morales Ilona , Brenner Keith , Araten David , Shapiro Maksim , Raz Eytan , Placantonakis Dimitris G
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

Subdural hematoma is a rare manifestation of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler-Weber-Rendu disease. Here, the authors present a patient with HHT and a large chronic subdural hematoma, for whom nonsurgical management was pursued.

OBSERVATIONS

A 49-year-old right-handed male with a history of hypertension and familial HHT presented with complaints of mild confusion and left hemiparesis over several days. Noncontrast head computed tomography images demonstrated a large chronic right hemisphere subdural hematoma compressing the right cerebral hemisphere and causing a 1.3-cm midline shift. Due to concerns about surgical complications arising from hemorrhages of cryptic telangiectasias, the patient was treated conservatively with middle meningeal artery embolization and adjuvant tranexamic acid. There was clinical and radiological resolution several months later.

LESSONS

This case highlights the rarity of a subdural hematoma as a manifestation of HHT and the nonsurgical treatment strategy as a mechanism to avoid hemorrhagic complications of surgical evacuation.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24483
On trade in europe: anthropologists speak
Authors: Fais-Leutskaia Oxana D. , Novik Alexander A.
Published: November 2024

This article is an introduction to the issue’s special theme on “Humans Buying and Selling: Anthropology of Trade (People, Goods, Structures, Relationships)”, featuring contributions by Svetlana Sidneva, Alexander Novik, Armando Maxia, Oxana Fais-Leutskaia, Julia Butschatskaja, and Irina Kucherova. The authors discuss the current state of trade as economic activity in a number of European regions, examining the local specificities of trade operations and their functioning, the symbolism of goods, the preservation of archaic traditional elements of “old ways of trade”, the human relationships of participants in these “games of exchange”, and other aspects of trade as a cultural phenomenon. Due to the fact that trade, especially in the context of modern developed societies, is infrequently considered as an object of anthropological research, while available studies in the vein of economic anthropology are mostly concerned with realities of the “Global South” or societies with “mixed economy”, these contributions are based on actual fieldwork material and represent an attempt at ethnographic reconstruction and anthropological analysis of trade through particular cases of European regions, such as Greece, Kosovo, Sardinia, Sicily, Germany, and Iceland. The contributors employ novel approaches to demonstrate the ongoing relevance of this theme in the context of contemporary culture.
Trade as a factor of cultural change: the case of Sardinia
Authors: Maxia Armando
Published: November 2024

The article, based on field research materials, examines from the anthropological and historical standpoints the origins of trade in the inner mountainous regions of Sardinia, considering it as a factor in changing the worldview of the population of this closed pastoral area. I discuss the specifics of artisanal, domestic, and mainly small-scale commerce and its agents, as well as the range of goods, the attitudes of the locals towards the sellers, etc. I further analyze in comparative terms the aspects of the vision of space and movement in the eyes of the pastoral and peasant populations and the merchants. I argue that the differences between the former and the latter in many ways influenced both the perception of commercial activities in the peasant milieu and the relationship between this milieu and the commercial strata. The research offers novel interpretations, since the issue of endogenous metamorphoses of traditional society, such as that of Sardinia in particular, has not been thoroughly studied up to date in the light of trade processes. Moreover, the research outcomes are relevant due to the fact that many aspects of commerce that had originated in ancient times can be still observed in the present-day trade relations of the region.
Historical markets as special spaces of Italy
Authors: Fais-Leutskaia Oxana D.
Published: November 2024

The article undertakes an anthropological examination of Italian historical markets which are well known but, surprisingly, have been little studied to date. This ancient trade institution has not just survived through the present day, but in fact it has not lost its vitality and still enjoys unusually high popularity among the locals. I attempt to address the aspects of its existence that had not previously been given enough research attention: the human components of markets, their gender, ethnic, and social composition, the relationships between sellers and buyers, as well as the reasons these rather archaic trading structures continue to enjoy high social ratings. I argue that these markets are more than just places of trade; they represent special social and cultural spaces in the context of communal life – certain places of memory – which distinguishes them from regular markets in the usual sense. In this study, I make extensive use of field materials, given the lack of scholarly publications on the subject.