bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Audit-based corrective and preventive actions to reduce wastage of blood components at a single blood center: A quality improvement study
Authors: Gnanaraj John , Kulkarni Rajendra , Sahoo Dibyajyoti , Basavarajegowda Abhishekh
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The rate of discarded blood components or “wastage rate” reflects on the whole process, preparation, and production of blood and its quality control. It is the ratio of blood and blood components discarded to the total number of collections. The discard or unusability of blood products are many, and the ones that can be monitored and regarded as indicators to be improvised on are QC failure rate, transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) positivity, and component discards (other than TTI), including those that caused transfusion reactions. These were studied over four intervention cycles to see if they could be improved.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a clinical audit and quality improvement study. The clinical audit was conducted over four cycles over 16 months. Each cycle included three stages wherein the data required for calculating those key performance indicators (KPIs) of the blood center were studied and analyzed, and causes for the poorly performing ones were identified; a corrective plan was drawn and implemented, followed by data collection and interpretation of the same in the next cycle for improvement. The data were compiled using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS version 19 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA).

RESULTS:

The overall discard rates due to all cumulative causes mentioned were at about 5% at the start of the first cycle. The various factors comprising preparatory, preparation, and the management of inventory and issue were analyzed, and corrective interventions were performed in every cycle. The discard rates were reduced to about 3% by the end of the four cycles. The difference was statistically significant, with a P < 0.05.

CONCLUSION:

The implementation of Corrective and preventive action measures can rectify the deviations in KPIs. The blood center director, staff, and doctors should be responsible for maintaining and continuously improving the quality indicators.
Hemovigilance data: An effective approach for evaluating bacterial protection systems for platelet transfusions
Authors: Alabdullatif Meshari I.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Septic transfusion reactions due to bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates (PCs) are continually reported to hemovigilance (HV) programs. Worldwide, blood centers use different systems to avoid transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis in PCs. Herein, national HV data were gathered to compare bacterial protection systems and to assess the risk of bacterial contamination.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

HV data with definite transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis in PCs were obtained from Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom (U. K.), and Switzerland between 2006 and 2016. These data were reviewed to evaluate bacterial protection systems including early small-volume (ESV), early large-volume (ELV), and delayed large-volume (DLV) bacterial culture screening and pathogen inactivation (PI) treatment.

RESULTS:

Implementation of DLV bacterial culture screening in the U. K. and PI treatment in Switzerland resulted in significant reductions (P < 0.05) in transfusion-associated bacterial sepsis for the period of 2011–2016 compared to the prior 4 years (2006–2010). Approximately 1.86 million DLV bacterial culture-screened PCs and 0.21 million PI-treated PCs were issued with no reported septic fatalities nor cases of life-threatening sepsis. In Australia, two life-threatening septic transfusion reactions (1.923 per million) were reported out of almost 1.04 million ELV bacterial culture-screened PCs, and no septic fatalities were reported. Meanwhile, in Canada, four life-threatening septic transfusion reactions (3.6/million) and one fatality (0.9/million) were observed in about 1.11 million ESV bacterial culture-screened PCs.

CONCLUSION:

DLV bacterial culture and PI treatment significantly reduced the incidence of septic reactions. The advantages and disadvantages of both systems merit further investigation before implementation.
Aweak phenotype associated with novel ABO*A allele variant c.106delinsGG
Authors: Joshi Sanmukh Ratilal , Millard Glenda , Vekariya Mayuri , Radadiya Priya , Rajapara Manisha , Dhanani Hiren , Shastri Gaurav , Sharma Prabhat , Wilson Brett , Liew Yew-Wah
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Discrepancy between forward and reverse ABO grouping could be due to several reasons including genetic mutations of the alleles encoding group specific transferase. The healthy donors found with weak A antigen were investigated to ascertain the allele responsible for variation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Standard serological methods were employed using commercial antisera. The molecular sequencing was performed on DNA with enrichment library prep kit and a custom designed overlapping probe panel. Binary alignment mapping files, generated on board the Illumina MiSeq instrument and aligned to the GRCh37/Hg19 reference genome, were uploaded to the QIAGEN CLC genomics workbench software (version. 20) where variant call files were generated and analyzed.

RESULTS:

Red blood cells (RBCs) of six healthy donors, showing weak mix-field agglutination by anti-A and anti-A, B and plasma with absence or weakly reacting anti-A, were investigated serologically. The RBCs incubated with anti-A yield positive elution and their saliva lacked A but possessed H antigen thereby classifying as a historical known phenotype Aend. Family study on 4 probands showed inheritance of the trait. Molecular studies revealed presence of ABO*A allele carrying rare novel variant referred to as c.106delinsGG in line with HGVS recommendation that was thought to be responsible for the variant of A.

CONCLUSION:

Six cases serologically defined as Aweak were found to be associated with novel allele ABO*A (c.106delinsGG). The Aweak phenotype with the novel allele has not been displayed on International Society of Blood Transfusion database, though c.106delinsGG is listed in the UCSC genome browser under rs782544248.
Tailoring transfusion strategy using thromboelastogram in goal-directed massive transfusion: Impact on transfusion requirements and clinical outcomes
Authors: Prethika P. A. , Mohan Ganesh , Shastry Shamee , Balakrishnan Jayaraj Mymbilly
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

We compared the overall clinical outcome in formula-based protocol (1:1:1) and thromboelastogram (TEG)-guided goal-based massive transfusion (MT) in the resuscitation of patients with hemorrhagic shock.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a retro-prospective case–control study conducted over a period of 2 years among the patients who received MT using a 1:1:1 fixed ratio protocol (controls, Group A) and goal-based protocol (cases, Group B) guided through TEG. Patients were matched for the type and severity of the clinical conditions. Utilization of blood components, clinical outcomes, transfusion-related complications, and total mortality rates were compared between the groups.

RESULTS:

There were 113 patients in the formula-based group and 109 patients in the goal-based transfusion group who were matched for injury severity scores. The total blood components utilized were 1867 and 1560, respectively, with a 17.7% reduction associated with the use of TEG. Patients were divided into normal, hypo, and hypercoagulable based on TEG, and a higher transfusion rate was associated with hypocoagulable TEG (942 vs. 610). The prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, R time, and K time had a significant positive correlation with the need to transfuse more than 20 blood components, whereas platelet count, base excess, alpha angle, MA, and CI had a negative correlation (r = 0.268, P < 0.001). At the end of goal-directed transfusion, 75% of the patients were free of transfusion support (vs. 65.4%) and only 6.9% of the patients had coagulopathy (vs. 31.8%) compared to formula-based resuscitation with a 10% reduction in mortality.

CONCLUSION:

TEG-guided goal-based approach helped to reduce blood component utilization with a reduced incidence of coagulopathy at the end of the MT while improving patient survival.
Efficacy of Urinary Diversion in Gynecological Cases: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Referral Hospital
Authors: Azmi Rizza Maulana , Azmi Yufi Aulia , Tjokroprawiro Brahmana Askandar , Yadav Deepak Kumar , Khadga Ajit
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Gynecological malignancies are one of the most common cancers in women. Morbidity, in this case, can occur in patients with advanced cancer, and one of the causes is hydronephrosis. In the development of this case, a double-J stent (DJS) is usually used to treat urinary diversion. This research aimed to analyze the comparison of hydronephrosis patients from gynecologic oncology treated with DJS and without DJS.

Methods:

Retrospective research was conducted by reviewing 115 medical record data. Patients with hydronephrosis related to gynecologic oncology at a referral hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, from January to August 2023 were included in this study. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test for categorical data. For numerical data, they were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test.

Results:

Cervical cancer was found in almost half of the total patients. Most patients undergo a DJS procedure. Nearly half of the patients experienced moderate category hydronephrosis before treatment and mild category after treatment. More than half of patients experience hydronephrosis on one side. The statistical test results of patients who underwent DJS installation and those who were not installed with DJS regarding the length of treatment (length of stay), prediversion creatinine, postdiversion creatinine, cancer stage, side of hydronephrosis, and length of operation showed P < 0.05.

Conclusions:

The use of urinary diversion in cases of gynecological malignancies can support the management of hydronephrosis in gynecological cancer patients. There are differences between patients who undergo DJS installation and those who do not undergo DJS installation, which show specific indications.
Functional Outcome of Acetabular Fracture Using Majeed Score: A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Soetjahjo Bintang , Adriansyah Denny , Malik Ricat Hinaywan , Munoz Michael Del Rosario
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Acetabular fractures make a challenge for orthopedic trauma surgeons. The published data on acetabular fracture in Indonesia are very limited and there is no study to assess the functional outcome of acetabular fracture using the Majeed score. This study aims to report the functional outcome of an acetabular fracture using the Majeed score in one tertiary referral hospital (single center), Dr. Moewardi General Hospital.

Methods:

This is a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional design from patients who registered on January 1, 2017–December 31, 2021 (5 years) at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, a referral Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria included all acetabular fracture patients who registered and had complete data.

Results:

The most common type of acetabular fracture based on Judet-Letournel classification in this study is both columns (59.1%), most commonly treated by surgery. The most common surgical approach to treating an acetabular fracture is the anterior approach. The Majeed score shows the total of good and excellent outcomes after surgery (57.2%) is higher than fair and poor outcomes (42.9%), and the total of good and excellent outcomes after nonsurgical treatment (66.7%) is higher than fair and poor outcomes (33.3%).

Conclusion:

Using the Majeed score in a single center, the functional outcomes of acetabular fracture patients treated both surgically and conservatively are good to excellent.
Delayed Puberty, Eroticism, and Sense of Smell, a Psychological Study of Economic and Social Consequences (Kallmann’s Syndrome): A Rare Case Report
Authors: Azlansyah Azlansyah , Pakpahan Cennikon , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Ashari Faisal Yusuf , Rainato Gustavo Santos , Nathanael Kenley , Atmaja Maxwell Salvador Surya
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Kallmann syndrome is defined as the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia caused by abnormal migration of olfactory axons and neurons producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone. It is a nonlife-threatening disease with relatively good treatment. However, the effects of the condition persist throughout the affected individuals’ lifetimes, leading to significant economic and social consequences. A man presented with eunuchoid body proportions complains about the size of his penis, absence of hair throughout the body, micropenis, and small testicles. Associated findings included hyposmia and a high-pitched voice. The patient experiences psychosexual impacts as a result of this illness. The patient could not undergo treatment to alleviate his genital size concern due to financial constraints as the treatment was not covered by government insurance.
Emerging Coproduction of AmpC Beta-lactamase in Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates in Indonesia
Authors: Marzah Mohammad Agung , Sarassari Rosantia , Safari Dodi , Maladan Yustinus , Setyarini Wahyu , Sulistya Hanif Ardiansyah , Endraswari Pepy Dwi , Shirakawa Toshiro , Hirai Itaru , Kuntaman Kuntaman , Koendhori Eko Budi
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamase (AmpC-BL) in Enterobacteriaceae are a global threat. Coproduction of AmpC-BL and ESBL reduces therapeutic options, with more resistance against cephamycin and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. This study determines the proportion, incidence, and distribution of AmpC-BL-resistant genes in clinically isolated ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, completing its scarce data in Indonesia.

Methods:

The samples in this study were ESBL-producing E. coli from blood and urine specimens, confirmed by BD Phoenix semiautomatic examination combined with cefoxitin disk screening method. Confirmation tests of AmpC-BL used the AmpC-disk method and the polymerase chain reaction method.

Results:

Thirteen (27.8%) of 108 E. coli isolates were nonsusceptible to cefoxitin, and 3 (11.5%) isolates were confirmed to produce AmpC-BL and contained AmpC-BL CITM gene. Of the 3 AmpC-BL and ESBL coproduction isolates, one isolate was a copresentation of ESBL and AmpC-BL genes, namely blaTEM and CITM. Fisher’s exact test showed that the coproduction of AmpC-BL in ESBL-producing isolates was associated with reduced susceptibility to cefoxitin (P = 0.020) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (P = 0.048) compared to isolates producing ESBL alone. The effect of ESBL and AmpC-BL coproduction on reducing susceptibility to carbapenems needs further investigation.

Conclusions:

AmpC coproduction was found in 3 (2.8%) of 108 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, and one isolate copresented AmpC-BL and ESBL coding genes blaTEM and CITM. These three isolates were associated with widened antibiotic resistance to cefoxitin and amoxicillin--clavulanate compared to isolates producing ESBL alone.
Steven-Johnson Syndrome/ Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Overlap Complications
Authors: Ifamela Novita , Modi Abdul Hadi
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Steven–Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) overlap is a life-threatening disorder which can lead to mortality because of systemic complications. Here, we present a case of a 22-year-old female referred to the hospital with generalized epidermal detachment and necrolysis covering approximately 25% body surface area, and unstable vital signs were found. Laboratory examination results showed acute renal failure (ARF), anemia, and hypoalbuminemia. Comprehensive treatment of skin and systemic conditions must be carried out to avoid mortality and improve the outcome. This case highlights a case of SJS overlap TEN with shock, ARF, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia safely treated by a conservative treatment strategy.
Cobalamin Intake in North Indians by Food Frequency Questionnaire (COIN-FFQ) – A Development and Validation Study
Authors: Rawat Swapnil , Kumari Meena , Nagpal Jitender
Published: June 2024

Background:

Vitamin B12deficiency is widely prevalent in all age groups which is of major concern. However, there is no valid Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary vitamin B12estimation. Hence, we aimed to develop and validate an FFQ for the estimation of dietary intake of Vitamin B12.

Materials and Methods:

Commonly consumed B12-rich food items were selected from literature and filtered using a market survey. For concordant and discriminant validation, B12and homocysteine levels were estimated. To establish convergent validity, the Cobalamin Intake in North Indians by Food Frequency Questionnaire (COIN-FFQ) and 72-hour dietary recall (72HrDR) were both administered to the same subjects. The COIN-FFQ was readministered after initial administration for test–retest reliability. Internal consistency of the FFQ was then tested using Cronbach’s alpha.

Results:

We enrolled 115 adults with a mean age and weight of 31.9 ± 8.7 years and 66.0 ± 11.8 kg, respectively. In total, 19.1% were vegetarian. The dietary B12using COIN-FFQ (n= 60; mean = 4.3 ± 1.8 µg/d) was significantly correlated (r= 0.255;P= 0.049) with serum levels (mean = 120.1 ± 62.6 pmol/L) establishing concordant validity. A significant difference was noted between the dietary, serum B12, and homocysteine levels of vegetarians versus nonvegetarians establishing discriminant validity (mean diff 1.4 (0.5–2.4),P= 0.004; Z-statistic −2.182,Pvalue 0.029, and Z-statistic −2.438;Pvalue 0.015), respectively. FFQ was strongly correlated with 72HrDR and test–retest FFQ (n= 27;r= 0.814,P< 0.001 andr= 0.869,P< 0.001, respectively) establishing convergent validity and test–retest reliability. The internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha was in the acceptable range, 0.631 (n= 115).

Conclusion:

The newly developed COIN-FFQ is valid and reliable in estimating dietary B12intake.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Chronic Respiratory Symptoms among Street Sweepers in Bangkok, Thailand: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Chotigadachanarong Pleumjai , Sithisarankul Pornchai , Ratanachina Jate
Published: June 2024

Background:

Chronic respiratory diseases are becoming a more prominent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Street sweepers are commonly found in low- and middle-income countries. This job involves outdoor work that exposes workers to various health hazards and air pollution, particularly affecting respiratory health. There is still limited research focusing specifically on street sweepers. The study aims to examine the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and the associated factors in street sweepers in Bangkok, Thailand.

Materials and Methods:

We undertook a cross-sectional survey between February and April 2023. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed, stratifying the sample according to district locations within Bangkok, Thailand. Data were collected through a questionnaire assessing demographic characteristics, occupational and environmental factors, and respiratory symptoms using a modified version of the Medical Research Council questionnaire. Data analysis included bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression.

Results:

The response rate was 98.0% (n = 341). The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among street sweepers in Bangkok, Thailand, with at least one respiratory symptom was reported by 33.7% of the participants, specifically cough (22%), phlegm (20.2%), dyspnea (17.6%), and wheeze (7.0%). The average age of the sample group was 43.2 years, with a majority being female (85.9%). Among the participants, 88.3% were non-smokers, while 37.2% reported exposure to secondhand smoke. All participants reported the use of respiratory protective equipment, with face masks used at 78.9%. 7.3% of the participants lived near sources of pollution, and 12.0% were involved in household pollution activities. An average annual air quality index in the workplace area was categorized as ‘good’ at 57.8%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significant associations of chronic respiratory symptoms with the following factors: exposure to secondhand smoke [odds ratio (OR) =2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–4.2] and household activities (OR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.3–6.6).

Conclusion:

Exposure to secondhand smoke and indoor air pollutants in household environments are significant factors associated with the symptoms. Raising awareness about secondhand smoke hazards in household and environmental settings and promoting self-care practices related to various activities with potential exposure to indoor air pollution is crucial.
Does Upper Incisors Procline following Rapid Maxillary Expansion Facemask Therapy?
Authors: Abraham Aby , Peter Elbe , Philip Koshi
Published: June 2024

Background:

The present study is intended to evaluate the changes in upper incisor angulation, skeletal and dental parameters, soft-tissue and airway dimensions following rapid palatal expansion and maxillary protraction.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty class III subjects (mean age 11.3 years) were given bonded rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and facemask (FM) for 6 months. Pre- and posttreatment cephalogram were compared and dental, skeletal, soft-tissue, and airway changes were quantified.

Results:

The mean increase in SNA was 1.85° (P < 0.001) while SNB decreased by 1.85° (P < 0.001). Upper and lower face height increased (UFH 1.1 mm, P < 0.05; LFH 2.92 mm, P < 0.001). Upper lip moved forward (E line U/lip 1.27 mm, P < 0.001; S line U/lip 1.3 mm, P < 0.01). 1-SN decreased by 4.35° and 1-NA decreased by 4.50° with P < 0.01. Overjet improved by 3.07 mm (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

RME and FM therapy resulted in maxillary forward movement; mandible rotated downward and backward; UFH and LFH increased. The upper lip exhibited forward movement, resulting in a less concave profile. Upper incisor retroclined and there was increase in overjet and no changes in airway dimensions. The upper incisors following RME and FM does not always procline; it is decided by the interaction of four factors – mesial dental movement, rotation of maxillary/occlusal plane, amount of expansion with RME (expansion effect), and reverse twin block if incorporated with FM.
Residents’ Perspective of the WhatsApp and Videoconference-based Educational Programme
Authors: Gupta Mahima , Bakshi Sumitra G. , Rane Ashwini D. , Shrivastava Anjana , Patole Monali R. , Gaikwad Sheetal V. , Salunke Bindiya G.
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:

Training novices in anaesthesia include critical care, pain management and operating room procedures. Due to the vast curriculum and limited classroom teaching slots, an asynchronistic teaching programme for postoperative pain management was started. We aimed to understand the residents’ perspective of the WhatsApp and videoconference-based educational programme.

Methods:

All 30 1st-year residents admitted to the Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain in the batch 2020 were included in the study. Five consultants introduced each topic and posted questions in the dedicated WhatsApp group, encouraging active participation. Residents were supposed to post their responses within 2-week intervals, fostering a sense of responsibility. The doubt sessions were taken through videoconferencing, providing a platform for interactive learning. At the end of the program, all 30 residents were given a copy of the questionnaire, including quantitative questions (Likert-based) and open-ended questions, to gather their valuable feedback. Two non-faculty members captured the answers to the open-ended questions on blank sheets, ensuring their opinions were heard.

Results:

Almost 97% of the residents agreed that this online teaching programme was helpful during their bedside pain rounds. Fifty per cent felt optimally involved in the programme, whereas 76% of the residents realised that this mode of online teaching on WhatsApp is good for learning anytime and anywhere. However, 84% of the residents still believed that traditional education is superior to online.

Conclusion:

Most of the postgraduate residents realised that WhatsApp-based training helps improve knowledge and bedside patient management; the knowledge source was handy, available at any time they required and without any screen addiction. However, the residents preferred classroom teaching over WhatsApp-based learning as they were more attentive and grasped better.
Body mass index, socioeconomical status, and physical activity among school-going children: A correlational study
Authors: Desai Rajan , Jahangirpuria Zankhana , Patel Priyanshi , Shah Salvi , Diwan Shraddha
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Childhood obesity is currently one of the major concerns in the pediatric field. Socioeconomic status (SES) and physical activity (PA) are key factors in achieving efficient weight status and help them to prevent obesity in the future. Hence, the present study was undertaken to find out the relationship of body mass index (BMI), SES, and PA among school children.

METHODOLOGY:

A correlational study was carried out on randomly selected 120 children studying in the 6th, 7th, and 8th standards from two different schools in Surat city. The underweight, healthy weight, and overweight–obesity status were based on BMI percentiles for age and sex. SES was assessed using the Kuppuswamy scale based on parameters such as the head of the family’s educational status, occupational status, and overall aggregate income of the whole family. PA during the previous 7 days was assessed using the Gujarati version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C [G]). Spearman’s correlation test was applied to find out the correlation of BMI, SES and PA among all the students.

RESULTS:

Overall, boys have higher PAQ-C scores as compared to girls. Inadequate PA was noted among all children. Results of the present study showed that there was a statistically significant weak positive correlation of SES with BMI (r = 0.34, P < 0.05), a statistically significant moderate positive correlation of SES with PA (r = 0.65, P < 0.05) but a statistically significant moderate negative correlation was found for BMI and PA (r = −0.46, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:

The study concludes a significant relationship between BMI, SES and PA among school children.
Linear Regression Based Machine Learning Model for Cataract Disease Prediction
Authors: Premalatha B. , Nataraj Chandrasekharan
Published: June 2024

Blindness and visual impairment have become major health problems today, with one major source of impairment being the formation of cataract disease. Cataract disease affects around 20 million individuals worldwide, with three out of every four being above the age of 60. A cataract is a clouding of the lens that impairs vision and can lead to blindness. Accurate and convenient detection of cataracts is essential for improving this condition. This paper presents a model based on linear regression to predict the presence of cataracts from images of the human eye. Experiments were conducted to validate the model. Various image processing techniques have also been used to perform image preprocessing and contrast enhancement, with patients notified about their eye health via SMS.
Performance Assessment of Deep Learning Models on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Type Classification
Authors: Ezhilraja K. , Shanmugavadivu P.
Published: June 2024

In recent years, lung cancer incidents are very high with equally high mortality rate. The main reason for fatal incidences is the late diagnosis and confirmation of the disease at an advanced stage. Identification of the disease at an early stage using lung Computed Tomography (CT) offers tremendous scope for timely medical intervention. The article illustrates the use of deep transfer learning-based pre-trained models for the diagnosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). The datasets were chosen from Chest CT Scan Images and the Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC), containing over 3,179 images depicting three NSCLC types, namely, normal, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. The process is designed to measure the accuracy of NSCLC detection with an experimental dataset using approaches with and without pre-processing of lung images. The transfer learning models use deep learning and produce good results in prediction and classification. The image dataset was first handled by the convolutional neural networks DenseNet121, ResNet50, InceptionV3, VGG16, Xception, and VGG19. As a second phase, input images were subjected to contrast/brightness enhancement using Multi Level Dualistic Sub Image Histogram Equalization (ML-DSIHE). Enhanced images were further processed using shape-based feature extraction. Finally, those features input to CNN models and the results recorded. Among these models, VGG16 achieved the highest accuracy of 81.42% using the original dataset and 91.64% with the enhanced dataset. The performance of these two approaches was also evaluated using Precision, Recall, F1-Score, Accuracy, and Loss. It is confirmed that VGG16 gives highly reliable accuracy when trained upon enhanced images.
Management of a patient with an unusual trajectory of a temporary trans-venous pacing lead
Authors: Acharya Metesh , Kavanagh Ethan , Garg Sheena , Sef Davorin , de Robertis Fabio
Published: June 2024

Perforation of the right ventricle during placement of pacing wires is a well-documented complication and can be potentially fatal. Use of temporary pacemaker, helical screw leads and steroids use prior to implant are recognised as risk factors for development of post-permanent pacemaker effusion. We reported an unusual case of pacing wire perforating interventricular septum into the left ventricle that occurred during the implant procedure performed in another institution. After the preoperative work-up and transfer to our tertiary cardiothoracic centre, the patient underwent successful surgical management. In conclusion, early recognition and timely diagnosis using advanced multimodality imaging can guide surgical intervention and prevent unfavourable consequences of device-related complications.
Morbidade e mortalidade hospitalar de neoplasias malignas de lábio, cavidade oral e faringe no Brasil (2016-2021)
Authors: Franzin Lucimara Cheles da Silva , Aragão Luana Melo de , Lima Fernanda Ferruzi , Franzin Claudio Alberto , Hespanhol Hermes de Carvalho , Franzin Fernanda Mara
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a morbidade e a mortalidade hospitalar das neoplasias malignas de lábio, cavidade oral e faringe no Brasil (período de 2016 a 2021). Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, observacional, analítico e transversal de notificações de neoplasias malignas, utilizando informações do DATASUS (Base de Dados do Serviço Público de Saúde Brasileiro) e analisadas por meio de estatística descritiva. Foram analisadas 150.025 notificações de neoplasias malignas de lábio, cavidade oral e faringe no Brasil, de 2016 a 2021. Em 2016, a taxa nacional de neoplasias malignas de lábio, cavidade oral e faringe foi de 12,43 por 100 mil habitantes, diminuindo para 10,25 em 2021. Entre as regiões do país, as maiores taxas foram encontradas na região Sul, variando de 19,35 em 2016 a 16,40 em 2021. Quanto às características das internações, a maior incidência foi notada para o sexo masculino (73,76 %), a faixa etária estava entre 50 e 64 anos (45,56%) e a raça/cor branca (43%). Considerando os pacientes internados no período, faleceram 18.185, representando letalidade de 12,12%. No Brasil, a incidência de câncer bucal no período analisado diferiu nas diferentes regiões. Embora o número de internações por neoplasias malignas de lábio, cavidade oral e faringe continue elevado, houve diminuição no período analisado, com tendência de redução das internações por câncer bucal, enfatizando cada vez mais a necessidade de atuação precoce, tais como prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento por profissionais da Odontologia, além de políticas públicas para prevenção dessa doença.
THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF MEDIA COMPANIES AND THEIR WORKING STRUCTURE THROUGH THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
Authors: Gkanas Panagiotis , Antonopoulou Panagiota
Published: June 2024

The coronavirus pandemic formed a devastating condition that dramatically changed our lives, regarding our daily routine but also our business presence and state. Throughout the last years, media companies inGreece but also worldwide, faced a variety of challenging problems that cost them corporate earnings, employees, status and credibility. The increase of internet usage, affected the traditional media as Television and Newspapers, while the constant trap of Fake News and clickbait articles seem to alienate the users from mainstream websites. Covid 19 could be a deathblow for the Media Companies, as the lockdown and the social distancing measures, hold back the sales of newspapers from the newsstands andquite a few shows on Television were forced to stop their presence. During the pandemic, more than 36.000 media workers have been fired or had their salary reduced, only in the USA as New York Times state. Although citizens are demanding more and more information towards Covid-19 and the visitors of the websites keep rising, the main problem occurs through the advertising drop. Companies, frightened from the progression of the pandemic, ceased the advertising expenses, keeping stock for possible harder times. Unfortunately the media couldn’t influence businesses to attract more advertisements during the outbreak while also had to respond to a bigger challenge, with changing the working structure complying with the hygiene measures. Nonetheless, the media system appeared to have an alternative working modelfor each of the news and entertainment assets, starting immediately after the first shock of the pandemic. The newsrooms of the websites, replaced the physical presence of the journalists with remote work status as applications like Zoom, Telegram and Webex thrived helping the employees.
PREDICTIVE MODELLING TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Arora Saanvi
Published: June 2024

Predictive modelling has developed rapidly in the last decade and is now used in every industry, with predictive modelling algorithms governing almost every area of life from consumer industry to healthcare and transportation. From more basic techniques, predictive modelling has evolved into more complex structures such as neural networks, increasingly using artificial intelligence and machine learning. While acknowledging the benefits and ease these techniques have brought to society and increased innovation, this paper argues that the challenges and social implications of predictive modelling cannot be ignored. Increasing concerns regarding the lack of accountability of algorithms, unintended effects on human rights and opportunities as well as privacy concerns must be addressed for predictive modelling to be harnessed in a way that is transparent and serves the well-being of the greatest number of people. This paper examines these key arenas of challenges through case studies and proposes policy interventions to improve the framework of accountability for corporations and governments which make use of predictive modelling algorithms and decrease bias in the datasets which these algorithms are trained on.
THE ECONOMICS OF OBESITY
Authors: Bajaj Nishita
Published: June 2024

The "New World Syndrome" is a term used to characterise obesity. Its frequency is steadily increasing across all age groups in many developed regions across the world. It's not a societal problem; it's a sickness that's running rampant. Obesity is on the rise among younger generations, posing a serious danger to the economies of all countries. It is one of the deadliest diseases that, if not treated promptly, may have serious effects. As a result, childhood obesity prevention should be prioritised, as there is a danger of obesity persisting into adulthood. There are a number of variables that are hastening the spread of the disease among children and adolescents. These variables have to be made socially aware of individuals so that they may make an informed decision about how to avoid being influenced. Using statistical and collected data, this paper examines the factors that have led to its current prevalence, as well as how it is affecting people's education and daily lives. It also considers the economic impacts of obesity around the world, as well as the government's role in both its spread and control. The factors which are the main reasons driving Obesity in the citizens of the world.The possible treatments for obesity are also sparsely discussed in the paper. The paper comprises a comparative study of the results and economic cost of Obesity between Mexico and India as well. Government’s role in controlling and on the contrary even supporting certain drivers of obesity are being elaborated on in the paper.
Catalogación de bienes patrimoniales como servicio público y la participación social como necesidad: nuevos y viejos objetivos, retos y cauces tras treinta años de competencias de la Junta de Andalucía
Authors: Plata García Fuensanta
Published: June 2024

Se trata de un trabajo que expone con transparencia los ámbitos más necesarios de mejoras o de cambios en los servicios, abriendo cauces dado que la "participación es un derecho y una necesidad". Se analizan las legislaciones vigentes, tanto andaluza como estatal e internacional. Se analiza la tipología en cuanto a los bienes catalogados y declarados. Falta coordinación con otras administraciones y abrir cauces adecuados para fomentar la participación ciudadana.
Comparative analysis of the structural and compositional change of spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) gut microflora following Aeromonas veronii infection and the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on these changes
Authors: Lin Changhong , Qiu Lihua , Zhang Bo , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Bo , Yan Lulu , Zhao Chao
Published: June 2024

Growing evidence suggests a close relationship between gut microbiota and infectious diseases. However, the specific role of gut microbiota in host-pathogen interactions during aquaculture-related infections remains poorly understood. This study investigated the diversity and composition of gut microbiota communities in Aeromonas veronii-infected Lateolabrax maculatus using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed significant changes in the structure and composition of L. maculatus gut microbiota after A. veronii infection. Over time, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes decreased significantly, while Proteobacteria increased significantly after A. veronii infection. Most intestinal bacteria showed a decline in abundance over time, with probiotics (such as Lactobacillus) experiencing a significant decrease and pathogens (such as Aeromonas) showing a significant increase. Conversely, no differences were observed in the structure and composition of gut microbiota between healthy L. maculatus and those infected with A. veronii after treatment with Lactobacillus plantarum; no changes in relative abundances of other bacterial phyla or genera except for Aeromonas. Furthermore, intestinal flora’s structural diversity and composition differed significantly from untreated L. maculatus infected with A. veronii. These findings suggest alterations in the structure and composition of gut microbiota following A. veronii infection. L. plantarum can maintain a dynamic balance within the intestinal flora, reducing the potential risk of pathogen infections.
Geç Neolitik Dönem Halaf Kültürü’nde Sanat ve Sembolizm
Authors: İpek Bahattin , Şan Mehmet , Eksik Mekiye
Published: June 2024

Yakın Doğu'da Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem yerleşim yerlerinde ortaya çıkarılan anıtsal yapılar (Jeriko, Mureybet, Jerf el-Ahmar, Göbeklitepe, Karahantepe vb.), kil sıvalı kafatasları, taş veya kemikten yapılmış objelerin dönemin tasvir sanatını veya dini ritüellerini temsil ettiği düşünülmektedir. Fakat Neolitiğ’in geç evresi olarak bilinen Çanak Çömlekli Neolitik Dönem’de, Göbeklitepe ve yakın çevresinden de tanıdığımız baskın anıtsal mimari olarak anılan yapıların artık Yakındoğu'da kullanılmadığı görülmektedir. Kuzey Mezopotamya kültürleri olarak bilinen Hassuna, Samarra ve özellikle Halaf kültürleri Çanak Çömlekli Neolitik Dönem kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik yapıları hakkında önemli bilgiler vermektedir. Bu dönemde bilhassa çanak ve çömlekler veya mühürler üzerinde simgesel öğelerin yoğunlaştığı görülmektedir. Özellikle Halaf kültürüne ait kapların üzerindeki iki veya üç katlı yapıları betimleyen sahneler, başları gövdelerinden ayrık olan insanları içeren tasvirler, dans eden insan motifleri, boğa başları (bukranium) ve bitki motifleri Geç Neolitik Dönem sembolizmi ve sanatı hakkında daha detaylı bilgiler vermektedir. Bu çalışma, Kuzey Mezopotamya'daki Halaf kültürünün sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik yapısı, Halaf çanak çömlekleri üzerinde yer alan sahnelerin dönemin sanatı veya dinini temsil ettiği düşünülen öğeleri hakkında bilgi vermeyi ve yeniden yorumlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Differences in the implementation of physical education (pe) planning containing 21st-century skills based on period of work and gender
Authors: Komari Amat , Yuliarto Hari , Solikhin Muhamad Nanang , Sadewa Yanuar Rachman , Setyawan Hendra
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the implementation of PE planning incorporating 21st-century skills based on the length of service and gender of junior high school teachers in Yogyakarta. This research was conducted using a 2 x 2 factorial design with length of service and gender as factor variables, while the implementation of PE planning contains 21st-century skills as the dependent variable. The sample in this study was 68 junior high school PE teachers with a working period of 1 - 17 years and 18 - 32 years with male and female gender. The sampling technique uses probability sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to PE teachers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential. This research concludes that the first hypothesis shows no difference in the implementation of PE planning containing 21st-century skills when viewed from the work period. The mean difference in the performance of PE planning having 21st-century skills based on years of service is minimal, and it can be said that the implementation of PE planning containing 21st-century skills among teachers between working periods 1-17 and 18-32 tends to be the same. The second hypothesis shows no difference in the implementation of PE planning containing 21st-century skills regarding gender. The mean difference in the performance of PE planning having 21st-century skills based on gender is minimal. It can be said that the implementation of PE planning containing 21st-century skills for male and female teachers tends to be the same. The third hypothesis shows an interaction between length of service and gender in determining the implementation of PE planning containing 21st-century skills. This means that length of service and gender together influence the achievement of implementing PE planning and having 21st-century skills among junior high school teachers. This research recommends that each school's PE planning formulation team be assigned to competent teachers with sufficient teaching experience and consider gender in certain conditions and situations in each school.
Keywords: Planning, Physical Education, 21st Century Skills, Work Period, Gender
Leveraging Digitalization for Enhanced Publication and Marketing of Sports Services
Authors: Fathoni Abi Fajar , Adi Sapto , Mu'arifin Mu'arifin , Yunus Moch , Cholifah Puri Selfi
Published: June 2024

Sports institutions in Indonesia have yet to fully embrace digital channels for disseminating and promoting their services to the public. Despite some institutions engaging in digital publication through mainstream social media platforms, the existing features fail to comprehensively address the requirements of the sports sector. This study aims to assess the efficacy of publication and marketing efforts by digitizing sports institutions via the SHC app, purposefully designed for the sports sector's publication needs. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected from 108 sports institution managers utilizing the SHC app. Data collection entailed the use of a Likert scale questionnaire ranging from 1 to 5. Validity of the data was tested through Pearson Product Moment analysis, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach Alpha. Subsequently, the data underwent quantitative descriptive analysis and Spearman Rank correlation analysis. Findings reveal that all features within the SHC app significantly impact and foster strong relationships in the publication and marketing endeavors of sports institutions. In summary, the SHC app proves highly conducive to the digitalization of sports institutions, significantly enhancing their publication and marketing initiatives.
Keywords: digitalization of sports, publication, marketing, sports services, shc app
Examination of the Augmented Reality Exercise Monitoring System as an Adjunct Tool for Prospective Teacher Trainers
Authors: Omarov Bakhytzhan , Omarov Nurlan , Mamutov Quwanishbay , Kissebayev Zhanibek , Anarbayev Almas , Tastanov Adilbay , Yessirkepov Zhandos
Published: June 2024

This study explores the effectiveness of exercise monitoring systems in improving athlete performance and motivation within educational settings. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested: one positing that the utilization of exercise monitoring systems would reduce muscle injury rates among athletes, and the other suggesting that it would increase athletes' motivation levels. The experimental design involved dividing participants into experimental and control groups, with the former utilizing the proposed exercise monitoring system and the latter employing traditional teaching methods. Assessments were conducted post-session to measure comprehension and motivation levels, with evaluation criteria focusing on the accurate identification of course components. Contrary to expectations, the results did not support the hypotheses, indicating no significant reduction in muscle injury rates or increase in motivation levels among athletes exposed to the monitoring system. These findings underscore the need for a nuanced understanding of the complex factors influencing athlete development and performance outcomes. Future research should employ rigorous methodologies and objective outcome measures to further elucidate the role of exercise monitoring systems in athlete development and optimize their integration into training programs, thus contributing to advancements in athlete performance and motivation in educational contexts.
Keywords: exercise monitoring system, real-time feedback, athlete performance, innovative instructional approaches, motivation, muscle injury, educational technology, fitness training.