bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of carbon stock and radial growth of trees through tree ring analysis in pine forest of linga guthi in Bhaktapur, Nepal
Authors: Chhukan Saphalta , Karmacharya Siddi Bir , Maharjan Sanu Raja
Published: February 2020

Forests are the integral to the global carbon cycle. These ecosystems sequester carbon in the plant biomass and in the soil. The study was carried out in Linga Guthi Community Forest of Bhaktapur to estimate carbon Stock and radial growth of Pinus roxburghii through tree ring analysis. A total of 32 circular plots of 250 m2 area were laid down randomly. Subplots were made for study of saplings, Litter, herbs and soil. For tree ring analysis, tree core samples were collected from different blocks of forest. Ring widths were measured using TSAP-Win Software attached to a LINTAB measuring system. For tree ring analysis, COFECHA and ARSTAN program were used. The average carbon stock of Linga Guthi Community Forest was 272.22±17.36 t/ha. Similarly, it has storage of 206.87± 4.47 t/ha AGTC, 41.37±2.19 t/ha BGTC, 23.814±1.00 t/ha SOC. The carbon sequestration rate of the forest was 2.22 Ct/ha/year. The average radial growth of pine trees in the forest was found to be 2.06 ± 0.13 mm/year. The maximum radial growth was 4.47 mm/yr. The oldest tree recorded in this forest was158 years with 58 cm diameter. However the average age of the forest was 98 years. The ring width chronology of 158 years was prepared for pine tree extending from 1854 to 2013 A.D.
Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical screening of leaf extract of Mikania micrantha H.B.K
Authors: Devkota Anjana , Sahu Anita
Published: February 2020

Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical screening of leaves of Mikania micrantha was tested in laboratory against phytopathogenic fungi and human pathogenic bacteria. The leaves samples were extracted in distilled water and methanol. The crude extracts of leaves were assessed in-vitro for antimicrobial activity using different concentrations (50, 100, 150,200, and 250 mg/ml) against five fungal strains (viz. Sclerotium rolfsii, Phytopthora capsici, Alternaria brassicae, Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea) and six bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcusfaecalis and Staphylococcus aureus). Antifungal activity was tested by Poison Food Technique and Linear Mycelium growth Reduction (LMGR) percentage was determined. In crude extractof M. micrantha, the highest LMGR percentage was found in F. oxysporum in both distilledwater and methanol extract. Antibacterial activity was carried out by Disc Diffusion method. In the crude leaf extract of M. micrantha Gram negative bacteria was found more resistant than Gram positive bacteria. Methanol extract was found more effective in determining the Zone of Inhibition for all the strains of bacteria in all the concentrations. The plant extracts were found more effective in showing antibacterial activity than antifungal activity. The phytochemicalscreening revealed that the selected species contained tannin, saponins, alkaloid, flavonoid, cardiac glycosides and terpenoids. This result supports the potential of this plant species used as a new chemotherapeutic drug.
Students’ and parents’ attitude towards the SEE English test
Authors: Dawadi Saraswati
Published: February 2020

This paper reports on a study that explored students’ and their parents’ attitudes towards the fairness and accuracy of the Secondary Education Examination (SEE)English test- a high stakes test in the Nepalese context. It is most probably the first empirical study that has extensively explored this area. The data generated through a longitudinal survey among 247 SEE candidates and semi-structured interviews with six students and their parents in both the pre-test and post-test contexts indicates that students had mostly positive attitudes towards the test fairness and its accuracy in the pre-test context but mostly negative attitudes in the post-test context. However, parents had mostly negative attitudes towards the test in both contexts. Both students and their parents raised questions regarding the accuracy and fairness of the listening and speaking test in the post-test context. Having collected both the qualitative and quantitative data, this study has gained a comprehensive picture of the complexity of the test impacts within the Nepalese educational context, as perceived by students and their parents. The implications of the study have also been highlighted.
Students’ perspectives on technology integration in ELT
Authors: Singh Renu
Published: February 2020

Technology integration in English language teaching (ELT) has changed the mode of classroom instruction at school. The use of modern technologies at public secondary schools within Nepal is a big challenge. This study explores students ‘perspectives on technology integration in English language teaching at public secondary schools in Nepal. The study was framed under qualitative research design that used focus group discussion to gather data from the six groups of students in the Kathmandu valley. The thematic analysis of their views under different categories revealed that the ELT with technology integration is a dire need for developing students’ language proficiency. Additionally, the results show that the learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) are aware of the advantages of teaching with technology but the insufficient ICT infrastructure at school and the lack of EFL teachers’ professional skills and knowledge of integrating technology into their daily pedagogical practices are main obstacles of technology integration. The study points out implications for ELT practitioners, researchers, policy makers of ICT in education along with stakeholders.
English language teachers’ perspectives on learner autonomy
Authors: Panta Chetnath
Published: February 2020

This study explores the perceptions and practices of the English language teachers to create autonomous learning environment in the context of Nepalese secondary EFL classroom. The study further unpacks the role of the teachers in creating better learning opportunities for learners so as to promote learner autonomy. The research is based on interpretive paradigm to look into kaleidoscopic view of variety of perspectives, classroom practices and emerging dilemmas of the teachers. Based on the findings, the research showcases the deep rooted social practices and myths to bring tensions in the relation between teachers and students. The school environment has to be homely and autonomy supportive. It seems pertinent to think over the concept of learner autonomy globally and act locally adapting the global trends and issues of teaching and learning, and at the same time, there is a dire need to remain mindful of the translated concept of learner autonomy thinking contextually and pragmatically.
Right strategies enhance professional development of language teacher
Authors: Kharel Yogendra
Published: February 2020

Not available.
Editorial Message Vol.1(1)
Authors: Bhandari Babu Ram
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
A Hybrid Approach for Sarcasm Detection
Authors: Luintel S. , Sah R.K. , Lamichhane B.R.
Published: February 2020

There is an excessive growth in user generated textual data due to increment in internet and social media users which includes enormous amount of sarcastic words, emoji, sentences. Sarcasm is a nuanced form of communication where individual states opposite of what is implied which is done in order to insult someone, to show irritation, or to be funny. Sarcasm is considered as one of the most difficult problems in sentiment analysis due to its ambiguous nature. Recognizing sarcasm in the texts can promote many sentiment analysis and text summarization applications. So for addressing the problem of sarcasm many steps have been adopted for sarcasm detection. Different preprocessing techniques such as Hypertext markup language removal, stop words removal, etc. have been done. Similarly, conversion of the emoji and smileys into their textual equivalent has been performed. Most frequent features has been selected and a hybrid cascade and hybrid weighted average approaches which are the combinations of the algorithms random forest, naïve Bayes and support vector machine have been used for sarcasm detection. The comparison of these two approaches on different basis has been done which has shown cascade outperformed weighted approach. Moreover, comparison of cascade approaches in terms of the algorithm placement has also been performed in which random forest has proved to be the best.
Study and Analysis of Pounding Effect between Adjacent RC Buildings
Authors: Bhatt A.D. , Lamichhane G.P.
Published: February 2020

Pounding occurs when the adjacent buildings start vibration out of phase during the seismic activity which causes the collision between the adjacent structures. Due to higher cost of land in cities people have tendency to attach the buildings at property line. Earthquakes can cause pounding when adjacent buildings have little gap or no gap providing separation. Due to pounding effect structural and non – structural damage may occur in the adjacent buildings.

The main objective of this research is to assess the seismic response of common residential RC buildings that has been constructed with no gap with the adjacent structures and to find the minimum gap requirement for the commonly constructed buildings of Nepal.

For this study two different cases with varying separation distance between adjacent buildings have been considered. First case is the adjacent buildings having equal storey height but different number of stories. It includes models having 4 and 2 stories and 4 and 3 stories. Second case is the adjacent buildings having unequal storey height but same number of stories. It includes models having 3 and 3 stories and 4 and 4 stories. In both cases adjacent buildings have same material & sectional properties. Non-linear dynamic analysis is performed using El-centro earthquake data as ground motion. Gap element has been used to simulate the pounding force between buildings. Adjacent buildings having different overall height are modelled in SAP 2000 v 15 using gap element for pounding study. The seismic responses in terms of joint displacement, joint acceleration, pounding force are presented. Joint displacement and joint acceleration comparison for both pounding and no pounding cases are presented.

Gap calculation from NBC and IS code, ABS and SRSS method was compared with gap required to avoid pounding force between adjacent structures and appropriate gap was recommended.
Study on the Role of Project Manager in Improving the Project Performance
Authors: Giri Om Prakash
Published: February 2020

A project manager is the person who has the overall responsibility for the successful initiation, planning, design, execution, monitoring, controlling and closure of a project. Project manager is responsible to complete the project within time, cost and quality towards making the project a success. Construction industry plays an important role in the economy of the country. The industry, however, is beset with many challenges, including delivering projects within cost, time and quality. Therefore project manager is a critical resource in the project to achieve its objectives. Sadly, the role of the project manager is often overlooked. It is assumed that the leadership role of the project manager is measured against time, cost, quality, and customer satisfaction. The importance of this study is to find various roles that project managers ought to play for improving project performance. Good project management practices and competent project managers always deliver better result.
The role of differences of metabolism in the formation of disorder of function of the liver and the kidney in tetrachloride carbon intoxication
Authors: Tatarina O.V.
Published: February 2020

Currently, there is a steady tendency for the growth of diseases of the hepatobiliary system, which is caused by a complex of endogenous and exogenous influences. Therefore, treatment of chronic hepatitis remains one of the important and complex problems in the general medicine clinic. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the role of some regulatory mechanisms in the formation of liver and kidney disorders in carbon tetrachloride intoxication. The experimental studies were performed on 54 white Wistar rats of the autohybrid breeding line, which were divided into control and experimental groups. Within 7 days, the experimental group of animals was subjected to carbon tetrachloride intoxication by administering 0.5 ml CCl₄ subcutaneously. Kidney function status was assessed by changes in diuretic diuresis, glomerular filtration function, percent tubular reabsorption, serum creatinine and urea content, chloride excretion and urine pH. Liver function was assessed by ALT and AST activity, bilirubin in the blood, serum creatinine and urea content, total serum protein. The status of other aspects of metabolism was evaluated by MDA composition and catalase activity; NO content, uric acid, Na⁺/K⁺ and Ca⁺²/Mg⁺² activity — ATP-az. Changes in the overall blood count as well as the state of the regulatory components of the immune response by the content of circulating immune complexes and the content of heterogeneous antibodies were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to standard statistical processing using a coefficient of authenticity. As a result, changes in kidney and liver function, characteristic of the development of hepatorenal syndrome, have been established. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the systemic metabolism of the animal body changes due to the violation of the properties of cell membranes, slowing the flow of intracellular processes of life, which disrupts the elimination of xenobiotics and plays a negative role in the pathogenesis of hepatorenal insufficiency.
Clinical masks of somato-forms disorders in view of disorders from the gastrointestinal tract and urinary systems associated with affective states in children
Authors: Lysytsia Yu.N. , Bulat L.M. , Pypa L.V. , Svistilnik R.V. , Filik A.V.
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate the features of clinical manifestations of somatoform disorders (SD) from the side of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and urinary system (US) and their relationship with affective conditions in children. We examined 123 children with SD from the side of gastrointestinal tract and 52 children with SD from the side of the urinary system. The average age of children was 13.6±2.2 years (M±σ), of which boys were 33.2% (n=58) and girls were 66.8% (n=117). It was used the Spielberger test to investigate anxiety. The Child Depression Questionnaire M. Kovacs (1992) was used to diagnose depression. The probability was evaluated using the Student’s t-test. Functional dyspepsia (FD) occupies the first place with 60.1%, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with second place (20.3%), functional diarrhea in 3.25% and functional constipation in 16.2%. Elderly children are 1.7 times more likely to suffer from IBS. IBS with constipation was found 3.8 times more frequent than diarrheal type. The diarrheal type of IBS is 5.1 times more common in boys than in girls. FD was more common in girls — 2.7 times with prevalence in children aged 10–14 years. In 31.7% of children with SD from the part of the gastrointestinal tract was found depression and in 84.6% of children there is clinically expressed anxiety. Among the children with SD, the number of young adolescents was 69.2%. The hyperreflective form of the bladder was found in 34.6%, the hyperreflex — in 26.9% of children. Enuresis occurred in 38.5% of children. 38.4% of children were diagnosed with depression and 88.5% expressed anxiety in patients with US. Depressive disorders as well as anxiety disorders can be one of the key factors in the occurrence of SD in children and manifest themselves in a variety of somatic masks in the form of functional disorders of organs and systems complicating the diagnosis, disease course and effectiveness of treatment. There was significant prevalence of anxiety (2:1 and 1.8:1, respectively) and depressive (3.3:1 and 4:1, respectively) disorders in women on both the GIT and US. Accordingly, female gender can be considered one of the main risk factors for the development of SD and emotional disorders in children.
Biochemical markers and effectivity of the preventive therapy of the fetal distress and preterm delivery in pregnant women with polyhydramnios
Authors: Dubas L.G.
Published: February 2020

Polyhydramnios in pregnant women are one of the most frequent pathologies in obstetrics, which is caused by an increase in the use of ultrasound screening of pregnant women and ranges from 1–3 to 8%. The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in blood biochemical parameters, biophysical profile of the fetus and the health status of newborns in pregnant women with polyhydramnios during the prophylactic therapy of this pathology and to estimate the frequency of polyhydramnios occurrence under the influence of preventive therapy in pregnant women at risk of polyhydramnios. We examined 120 pregnant women at gestational age from 20 to 38 weeks between the ages of 20 and 39 years: 1 group consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women, 2 group — 90 pregnant women with chronic polyhydramnios, which was divided into two subgroups: 40 pregnant women without fetal distress in 1 subgroup and 50 pregnant women with fetal distress in 2 subgroups. 1 subgroup of pregnant women received prophylactic Magnerot, Tivortin, Larnamine, Lymphomyosot and vitamin D3. The 2nd subgroup of pregnant women received traditional treatment according to the clinical protocol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine №900 dated December 27, 2006, №782 dated December 29, 2005. Prenatal diagnosis was carried out by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: the metabolite level of vitamin D-25 OH(D) was determined, anti-inflammatory cytokines IL–10, IL–6, vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF, malonic aldehyde, carbonyl groups of proteins, superoxide dismutase, serum protein content. Conducted ultrasound examination of the fetus and dopplerometry of uterine-placental vessels, cardiotocography of the fetus, evaluated the biophysical profile of the fetus. The significance of the difference between the compared groups was determined using Student's t test. In pregnant women with chronic polyhydramnios, a decrease in endogenous glutathione antioxidant reserves, a decrease in the activity of the superoxide dismutase antioxidant enzyme, an increase in the activity of the pro-oxidant enzyme xanthine oxidase and the presence of cytokine imbalance have been found. It is shown that among all biochemical changes in the body of pregnant women with chronic polyhydramnios, vitamin D deficiency, inflammation and disturbance of angiogenesis play the most important role in the development of fetal distress. Pregnant women at high risk of polyhydramnios who received the proposed preventive therapy for fetal distress, improved fetoplacental blood flow, decreased the percentage of placental dysfunction by 1.8 times, fetal distress — by 1.5 times, premature birth — by 2 times, decreased asphyxia in newborns 1.7 times, the rate of perinatal morbidity in newborns decreased 1.9 times, compared with the group of pregnant women receiving traditional therapy. Thus, the positive effect of preventive therapy of pathology of pregnant women with polyhydramnios was confirmed clinically and biochemically.
Association of spinal instability due to metastatic disease with increased mortality and a proposed clinical pathway for treatment
Authors: Sullivan Patricia Zadnik , Albayar Ahmed , Ramayya Ashwin G. , McShane Brendan , Marcotte Paul , Malhotra Neil R. , Ali Zarina S. , Chen H. Isaac , Janjua M. Burhan , Saifi Comron , Schuster James , Grady M. Sean , Jones Joshua , Ozturk Ali K.
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE

Multidisciplinary treatment including medical oncology, radiation oncology, and surgical consultation is necessary to provide comprehensive therapy for patients with spinal metastases. The goal of this study was to review the use of radiation therapy and/or surgical intervention and their impact on patient outcomes.

METHODS

In this retrospective series, the authors identified at their institution those patients with spinal metastases who had received radiation therapy alone or had undergone surgery with or without radiation therapy within a 6-year period. Data on patient age, chemotherapy, surgical procedure, radiation therapy, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), primary tumor pathology, Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS), and survival after treatment were collected from the patient electronic medical records. N − 1 chi-square testing was used for comparisons of proportions. The Student t-test was used for comparisons of means. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A survival analysis was completed using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS

Two hundred thirty patients with spinal metastases were identified, 109 of whom had undergone surgery with or without radiation therapy. Among the 104 patients for whom the surgical details were reviewed, 34 (33%) had a history of preoperative radiation to the surgical site but ultimately required surgical intervention. In this surgical group, a significantly increased frequency of death within 30 days was noted for the SINS unstable patients (23.5%) as compared to that for the SINS stable patients (2.3%; p < 0.001). The SINS was a significant predictor of time to death among surgical patients (HR 1.11, p = 0.037). Preoperative KPS was not independently associated with decreased survival (p > 0.5) on univariate analysis. One hundred twenty-six patients met the criteria for inclusion in the radiation-only analysis. Ninety-eight of these patients (78%) met the criteria for potential instability (PI) at the time of treatment, according to the SINS system. Five patients (5%) with PI in the radiation therapy group had a documented neurosurgical or orthopedic surgery consultation prior to radiation therapy.

CONCLUSIONS

At the authors’ institution, patients with gross mechanical instability per the SINS system had an increased rate of 30-day postoperative mortality, which remained significant when controlling for other factors. Surgical consultation for metastatic spine patients receiving radiation oncology consultation with PI is low. The authors describe an institutional pathway to encourage multidisciplinary treatment from the initial encounter in the emergency department to expedite surgical evaluation and collaboration.
Safety assessment of spine MRI in deep brain stimulation patients
Authors: Boutet Alexandre , Elias Gavin J. B. , Gramer Robert , Neudorfer Clemens , Germann Jürgen , Naheed Asma , Bennett Nicole , Li Bryan , Gwun Dave , Chow Clement T. , Maciel Ricardo , Valencia Alejandro , Fasano Alfonso , Munhoz Renato P. , Foltz Warren , Mikulis David , Hancu Ileana , Kalia Suneil K. , Hodaie Mojgan , Kucharczyk Walter , Lozano Andres M.
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE

Many centers are hesitant to perform clinically indicated MRI in patients who have undergone deep brain stimulation (DBS). Highly restrictive guidelines prohibit the use of most routine clinical MRI protocols in these patients. The authors’ goals were to assess the safety of spine MRI in patients with implanted DBS devices, first through phantom model testing and subsequently through validation in a DBS patient cohort.

METHODS

A phantom was used to assess DBS device heating during 1.5-T spine MRI. To establish a safe spine protocol, routinely used clinical sequences deemed unsafe (a rise in temperature > 2°C) were modified to decrease the rise in temperature. This safe phantom-based protocol was then used to prospectively run 67 spine MRI sequences in 9 DBS participants requiring clinical imaging. The primary outcome was acute adverse effects; secondary outcomes included long-term adverse clinical effects, acute findings on brain MRI, and device impedance stability.

RESULTS

The increases in temperature were highest when scanning the cervical spine and lowest when scanning the lumbar spine. A temperature rise < 2°C was achieved when 3D sequences were modified to 2D and when the number of slices was decreased by the minimum amount compared to routine spine MRI protocols (but there were still more slices than allowed by vendor guidelines). Following spine MRI, no acute or long-term adverse effects or acute findings on brain MR images were detected. Device impedances remained stable.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with DBS devices may safely undergo spine MRI with a fewer number of slices compared to those used in routine clinical protocols. Safety data acquisition may allow protocols outside vendor guidelines with a maximized number of slices, reducing the need for radiologist supervision.

Clinical trial registration no.: NCT03753945 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI PUSKESMAS DANA DAN PUSKESMAS PASIR PUTIH KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Miarti Ni Ketut
Published: February 2020

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang umum terjadi dan tersebar luas. Sekitar 56 juta wanita di seluruh dunia mengalami anemia, dua pertiga di antaranya berada di Asia. Menurut WHO kejadian anemia pada wanita secara keseluruhan adalah 35%, sedangkan anemia pada ibu hamil secara global adalah 51%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan  Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil DI Kabupaten Muna. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional. Populasi adalah ibu hamil di Puskesmas Dana dan Puskesmas Pasir Putih Kabupaten Muna  sebanyak 205 orang dan sampel sebanyak 186 orang yang diperoleh secara Simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil uji chi-square untuk hubungan tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi Fe dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil  diperoleh nilai p value (0,004) dan OR=3,702, pola makan diperoleh nilai p value (0,015) dan OR=2,917, pendidikan ibu diperoleh nilai p value (0,145 dan OR=1,758, kunjungan ANC diperoleh nilai p value (0,000) dan OR=5,236, umur ibu diperoleh nilai p value (0,487) dan OR=1,143, Jarak Kehamilan diperoleh nilai p value (0,003) dan OR=3,833, Status Gizi diperoleh nilai p value (0,005) dan OR=3,514. Kesimpulan hasilmpenelitian ini ada hubungan tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi Fe, pola makan, kunjungan ANC, Jarak Kehamilan dan status gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Sedangkan umur ibu dan pendidikan ibu tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil.
Convergence and stochastic homogenization of a class of two components nonlinear reaction–diffusion systems
Authors: Anza Hafsa Omar , Mandallena Jean Philippe , Michaille Gérard
Published: February 2020

We establish a convergence theorem for a class of two components nonlinear reaction–diffusion systems. Each diffusion term is the subdifferential of a convex functional of the calculus of variations whose class is equipped with the Mosco-convergence. The reaction terms are structured in such a way that the systems admit bounded solutions, which are positive in the modeling of ecosystems. As a consequence, under a stochastic homogenization framework, we prove two homogenization theorems for this class. We illustrate the results with the stochastic homogenization of a prey–predator model with saturation effect.
Chemotherapy Plus Immune Check-Point Inhibitors in Metastatic Bladder Cancer
Authors: Soares Adriana , Carmo Rafael , Rodrigues Catarina , Grilo Inês Teles , Grande Enrique
Published: February 2020

Urothelial tumors are one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the standard first-line treatment for metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). After nearly three decades of limited advances in the treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are now available. Responses to immunotherapy (IO) may be long lasting and sustained but only occur in 20–30% of patients. Studies have shown that combining IO with different targeted therapies can lead to potentiating effects with promising results. The first result combining ICI plus chemotherapy shows positive outcomes over standard-of-care in first line mUC. The aim of this article is to review the results, the benefits and new challenges that the combination of chemotherapy and IO can bring to patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
18F-Flortaucipir PET Associations with Cerebrospinal Fluid, Cognition, and Neuroimaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Okafor Maureen , Nye Jonathon A. , Shokouhi Mahsa , Shaw Leslie M. , Goldstein Felicia , Hajjar Ihab
Published: February 2020

Background:

Tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is used in research, but its relation to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and other Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related clinical measures is unclear in mild cognitive impairment with AD biomarkers (MCI-AD).

Objective:

To determine associations between 18F-flortaucipir PET and CSF AD biomarkers, cognitive functioning, and neuroimaging measures in MCI-AD.

Methods:

In 29 participants 50 years or older with MCI-AD, 18F-flortaucipir PET, CSF total tau (T-tau), phosphorylated tau181p (P-tau), amyloid-β (Aβ), structural MRI, and neuropsychological testing were collected as baseline assessments of an ongoing clinical trial. 11C-Pittsburgh compound B PET was simultaneously conducted in 20 participants. Associations between 18F-flortaucipir PET and these measures were assessed by multiple linear regression adjusted for potential confounders and using global, lobar, and voxel-wise standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr).

Results:

Whole brain 18F-flortaucipir SUVr was significantly associated with CSF T-tau ( r = 0.68, p < 0.001) and P-tau ( r = 0.42, p = 0.04) after adjusting for age, sex, race, and education, with strongest associations in the temporal region (T-tau: r = 0.69, p < 0.001; P-tau: r = 0.49, p = 0.02). Voxel-wise analysis confirmed these regional associations. 18F-flortaucipir PET was also associated with CSF Aβ ( r = –0.45, p = 0.03), episodic memory ( r = –0.61, p = 0.001), visuospatial working memory ( r = –0.46, p = 0.02), and brain cortical thickness ( r = –0.44, p = 0.03) but not hippocampal volume. In the amyloid PET subset, although 11C-PiB PET associated strongly with 18F-flortaucipir ( r = 0.79, p≤0.001), associations were stronger between 11C-PiB and key outcomes, compared to 18F-flortaucipir.

Conclusion:

18F-flortaucipir PET is moderately associated with CSF AD biomarkers and other AD-related phenotypes. The associations in this MCI-AD sample are stronger than previously described in other populations.
A Systematic Review of Systemic Treatment Options for Advanced Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Osterman Chelsea K. , Rose Tracy L.
Published: February 2020

Introduction:

There have been a number of recent advances in the management of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the majority of these studies excluded patients with non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC), and optimal management of nccRCC remains unknown.

Materials and Methods:

A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to evaluate systemic treatment options in locally advanced or metastatic nccRCC between 2000-2019. Randomized controlled trials, single-arm phase II–IV trials, and prospective analyses of medication access programs were included. The primary outcome measures were progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Results:

A total of 31 studies were included in the final analysis. There was the highest level of evidence to support first-line treatment of nccRCC with sunitinib. Additional single-arm trials support the use of other vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors with axitinib and pazopanib, as well as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition with temsirolimus or everolimus +/–bevacizumab. Immune checkpoint inhibition has an emerging role in nccRCC, but optimal sequencing of available options is not clear. Prospective data to support the use of newer immunotherapy combinations are lacking. Treatment for collecting duct carcinoma remains platinum-based chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

The availability of randomized trials in nccRCC is limited, and most studies include outcomes for nccRCC as a group, making conclusions about efficacy by subtype difficult. This systematic review supports consensus guidelines recommending sunitinib or clinical trial enrollment as preferred first-line treatment options for nccRCC, but also suggests a more nuanced approach to management and new options for therapy such as immune checkpoint inhibition.
The diversity of religious life in Ukraine
Authors: Kolodnyi Anatolii M.
Published: February 2020

Ukraine is one of the largest countries in Europe. For three and a half centuries it was part of the colonial Russian Empire. Any manifestations of the independent national consciousness of Ukrainians were severely challenged by its imperial and later by the communist authorities. Russia's current imperial policy on Chechnya, in fact, is somewhat reminiscent of its past policy towards Ukraine. But in our territory, she was more sophisticated, sneaky and devious. That is why the world knew little about us until recently. And now he knows little. Ukraine was "glorified" except for Chornobyl, and then they learned about it after hearing the names of the Klitschko brothers and singer Ruslana, and the arrival of Pope John Paul II. In November 2004 - January 2005, Ukraine, with its national-democratic revolution, called the Orange, presented the world with an example of real democracy. Dissatisfied with their poverty, lawlessness, falsification of the consequences of the presidential election, neglect of national interests, the people peacefully went to power. However, his hopes were not fulfilled. The subsequent betrayal of the Maidan's aspirations and the actual transfer of power to the regions by Yushchenko also "glorified" Ukraine. Therefore, the "Maidan Undertaker" is not Yulia Tymoshenko, who has clearly defined the ways of the Ukrainian breakthrough, but the one who prevents it from realizing it, to establish Ukraine as a strong sovereign country.
Problems of the Islamic world of present-day Ukraine
Authors: Hazyr-Ogly T.
Published: February 2020

Modern Ukraine belongs to a group of European countries that have their own indigenous Muslim population. Islam has more than a thousand years of history in Ukraine. But for a long time, the Muslim religion existed in the Ukrainian territory illegally, which caused its decline.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MOTIVASI KERJA DI BCA KCU PANGERAN JAYAKARTA
Authors: HIDAYATI SYAFAATUL , RIPANDI RAJIB
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh upah terhadap motivasi kerja di BCA KCU Pangeran Jayakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang peneliti gunakan yaitu observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi kerja di BCA KCU Pangeran Jayakarta menunjukkan bahwa upah merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat berpengaruh dalam motivasi kerja karyawan. Pada saat ini upah yang diterima oleh karyawan sudah cukup namun ada beberapa karyawan yang masih merasa bahwa upah yang mereka terima masih kurang dan mereka menginginkan agar menendapatkan upah yang lebih tinggi. Disamping itu motivasi karyawan saat ini sudah tidak mengalami kendala. Untuk itu, maka disarankan bagi karyawan diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini dijadikan sebagai pandangan dan pengetahuan keilmuan bagi masyarakat khususnya para buruh/pekerja agar mengetahui begitu besar peran buruh/pekerja dalam perekonomian. Bagi KCU BCA Pangeran Jayakarta, supaya dapat meningkatkan motivasi kerja yang baik terhadap karyawan dengan meningkatnya motivasi tersebut dapat membangun perusahaan menjadi lebih baik. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya, untuk diadakan penelitian lanjutan dengan cakupan yang lebih luas tentang motivasi kerja.Kata Kunci: Motivasi Kerja, Upah
PENERAPAN MODEL NHT BERBANTU POWERPOINT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN PERENCANAAN PENGAJARAN PADA MAHASISWA KELAS 02PIEM001 PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI, UNIVERSITAS PAMULANG
Authors: ABDILLAH CANDRA
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Perencanaan Pengajaran dengan model NHT berbantu powerpoint pada mahasiswa kelas 02PIEM001 Pendidikan Ekonomi, FKIP, Universitas Pamulang. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix method, dengan metodologi Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Adapun desain PTK yang digunakan adalah Kurt Lewin yang terdiri 3 siklus. Subjek penelitian adalah dosen dan mahasiswa kelas 02PIEM001 Pendidikan Ekonomi, FKIP, Universitas Pamulang. Instrumen penelitian ini yaitu lembar observasi keterampilan dasar mengajar dosen, lembar observasi aktivitas mahasiswa, dan soal tes untuk mengetahui prestasi belajar perencanaan pengajaran mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistika deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menemukan perolehan skor keterampilan dosen pada siklus I yaitu 21 (baik), skor siklus II yaitu 24 (sangat baik), dan skor siklus III 29 (sangat baik). Skor aktivitas mahasiswa pada siklus I yaitu 16,0 (cukup), skor siklus II yaitu 21,7 (baik), dan skor siklus III yaitu 25,2 (sangat baik). Ketuntasan belajar mahasiswa siklus I adalah 50% (tidak tuntas), siklus II adalah 69% (tidak tuntas), dan  siklus III adalah 85% (tuntas). Simpulan penelitian adalah model NHT berbantu powerpoint telah meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Perencanaan Pengajaran yaitu melalui meningkatnya ketrampilan dosen, aktivitas belajar dan prestasi belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah perencanaan pengajaran kelas 02PIEM001 Pendidikan Ekonomi, FKIP, Universitas PamulangKata Kunci: kualitas pembelajaran, model NHT, media powerpoint,                          perencanaan pengajaran
POTRET PENDIDIKAN, UPAH DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA SERTA TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI KAMPUNG ANGGRIS KECAMATAN PAGEDANGAN KABUPATEN TANGERANG TAHUN 2016
Authors: ANWAR SAIFUL , HIDAYATI SYAFAATUL , HAERUDIN HAERUDIN
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini mengkaji secara mendalam beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kemiskinan di Kampung Anggris Kecamatan Pagedangan Kabupaten Tangerang  pada tahun 2016, penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kualitatif dalam hal ini peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen utama. Data yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun subjek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Kampung Anggris Kecamatan Pagedangan Kabupaten Tangerang pada tahun 2016 dimana penelitian ini dilakukan mulai bulan Februari 2016 sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara dengan 1  (satu) orang key informan dan 5 (lima)  orang informan, ditambah dengan observasi dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukan hal-hal sebagai berikut: Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan di Kabupaten Tangerang dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pendidikan yang rendah, beban keluarga, upah minimum, tingginya angka pendidikan yang rendah adalah masalah yang paling dominan yang terdapat di Kampung Anggris.Kata Kunci: tingkat kemiskinan, Masyarakat Kampung Anggris 2016
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI FINANCIAL LITERACY (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Pamulang)
Authors: GUNARTIN GUNARTIN , AFRILIANI FIQOH , ANWAR SAIFUL
Published: February 2020

Kesejahteraan seseorang tidak terletak pada berapa besar pendapatan yang dihasilkan setiap bulannya mealinkan bagaimana mengelola pendapatan tersebut seefektif dan seefisien mungkin sehingga semua kebutuhan dapat terpenuhi. Maka dari itu sangat penting seseorang memiliki kemampuan mengelola keuangan pribadinya untuk aman secara ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi literasi keuangan di kalangan mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Pamulang. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian agar dapat menggali informasi yang dibutuhkan dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan bersumber dari primer yang berasal dari informan, studi literature dan studi dokumen. Dari data yang terkumpul dilakukan analisa data secara mendalan dengan cara membaca secara berulang, mereduksi, dan menarik kesimpulan serta mendeskripsikan hasil analisa data sesuai dengan dilakukannya penelitian ini. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan seseorang mengelola keuangan pribadi (literasi keuangan) dikalangan mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi Universitas Pamulang yaitu: 1) tingkat pendidikan;, 2) tingkat pendapatan; 3) jenis kelamin; 4) usia dan 5) status bekerja. Pada penelitian ini yang dapat dideskripsikan terdapat lima faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Ekonomi untuk mengelola keuangan pribadinya.Kata Kunci:  literasi keuangan, keuangan pribadi, pendapatan
KESULITAN YANG DIHADAPI MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI DALAM MENYELESAIKAN READING SECTION PADA TOEFL
Authors: SESRIYANI LODYA
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi kesulitan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal pada reading section pada TOEFL. Penelitian ini menggunakan design penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dalam upaya untuk mencari tahu kesulitan apa saja yang dihadapi mahasiswa didalam TOEFL khususnya pada reading section. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi yang mengikuti tes TOEFL pada tanggal 25 Oktober 2019, total subjek adalah 30 mahasiswa. Didalam mengumpulkan data penelitian, peneliti menggunakan soal tes TOEFL yang mengadopsi soal TOEFL dari buku Deborah Philips. Peneliti melakukan analisa secara langsung dari jawaban benar dan jawaban salah mahasiswa pada soal tes tersebut, setelah itu peneliti mengkorfirmasi kesulitan mahasiswa dengan cara melakukan wawancara terhadap mahasiswa yang memiliki jawaban salah dan benar pada soal- soal tertentu untuk mengetahui penyebab kesulitan yang mereka hadapi. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa mahasiswa menemukan beberapa kesulitan didalam menyelesaikan soal TOEFL pada reading section. Kesulitan tersebut antara lain; (1) Mahasiswa tidak mempunyai cukup kosa kata dalam Bahasa Inggris, (2) mahasiswa merasa mengantuk saat membaca wacana yang panjang, (3) mahasiswa kesulitan mencari ide pokok dalam teks bacaan, (4) mahasiswa kesulitan menemukan informasi yang disampaikan pada teks bacaan.Kata Kunci: kesulitan, reading section, toefl
ANALISIS KUALITATIF PERMASALAHAN YANG DIHADAPI MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI UNIVERSITAS PAMULANG DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SKRIPSI
Authors: HIDAYATI SYAFAATUL
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengetahui permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam menulis skripsi dan (2) penyebab dari semua permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa dalam menulis skripsi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam rangka memperoleh data yang akurat, maka peneliti sangat teliti dengan tujuan menggali informasi dari informan dan key informan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dengan yaitu data reduction, data display dan data conclusion Drawing/Verification. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, diperoleh data bahwa permasalahan yang dialami mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan skripsi adalah faktor internal dan ekstenal dari mahasiswa. Ada banyak sekali permasalahan internal dan eksternal yang dihadapi oleh mahasiswa selama menyelesaikan skripsi. Akan tetapi peneliti disini menyimpulkan, bahwa sebagian besar masalah internal yang terjadi adalah 1)  kesulitan dalam penentukan topik atau permasalahan penelitian; 2) kesulitan dalam mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data penelitian; 3) pengalaman dalam menulis karya tulis ilmiah; 4) aktivitas mahasiswa di luar akademik; dan 5) lemahnya manajemen waktu. Sedangkan masalah eksternal yang banyak dialami mahasiswa ketika menyelesaikan skripsi adalah ketersediaan motivasi dari teman sebaya dan relasi antara dosen pembimbing dengan mahasiswa.Kata Kunci: permasalahan, skripsi, mahasiswa
洪湖市沙套湖及周边鱼塘底积物重金属评价
Authors: 刘 飞 , 李 治刚 , 陈 力 , 胡 斌 , 佘 建超
Published: February 2020

2018年6月在沙套湖及周边鱼塘进行了底积物样品采集,根据测试分析数据,采用了单因子评价法和潜在危害生态指数法对底积物中8种重金属进行了环境影响评价。评价结果显示,沙套湖及周边鱼塘底积物重金属污染风险低,底积物生态环境处于良好的状态。
学习成果导向的酒店管理专业实践能力体系设计研究
Authors: 夏 杰 , 司 莉娜
Published: February 2020

本文以学习成果为导向的改革路径,以应用型人才职业生涯发展典型阶段为逻辑起点,构建了酒店管理专业四能进阶式创新实践能力体系、五层进阶式创新实践能力培养目标体系、多元进阶的学习成果呈现体系以及多维协同的进阶式学习成果应用体系,突出了对酒店管理专业应用型人才专业实践能力的系统性培养,具有较强的实践价值。
数学应用意识与高职数学教育教学分析
Authors: 林 丽娟
Published: February 2020

当前阶段,素质教育现代教学理念在教育领域的全面落实,使得高职院校在开展数学课程时,逐步转变原有的理论为主、强调教学进度统一性的观念,将学生的核心素养与实践能力作为重点,增加了实践应用活动的比例,帮助学生逐步建立起学以致用的理念,进一步提升了学生对数学知识体系的应用意识。笔者希望通过本文从数学应用意识的角度去分析其在高职数学教育教学策略中的重要意义,旨在为我国广大高职类院校的数学教育工作者在开展教学时提供一些参考与建议。
尊重、鼓励和欣赏在中职艺术课中的作用
Authors: 陆 华茂
Published: February 2020

中职学校的学生基本都是初中阶段被老师忽视的对象,自信心不足是普遍情况。因而学生在课堂上很少出现和教师密切配合的情况。特别是艺术课,因为学生从来没有真正的的了解过,因而更是不敢发言。基于专业的情况,在我的课堂上,一方面我给予学生充分的尊重,另一方面放下身段,用鼓励来拉近教师与学生之间心与心的距离的同时,可以使学生变得自信美丽,并愿意最大限度的展示自己。
Garanzia del contraddittorio e testimonianza della sola vittima
Authors: Casiraghi Roberta
Published: February 2020

Se la presunzione d’innocenza non è violata da una condanna basata unicamente sulla testimonianza della vittima, purché la sua assunzione avvenga nel contraddittorio tra le parti e il giudice dia conto in motivazione delle conclusioni raggiunte, i diritti dell’accusato e il principio di parità delle armi sono compromessi qualora la vittima sia contemporaneamente parte processuale e testimone.
Fósiles de ballenas prehistóricas en el desierto: El Museo de Sitio de Sacaco
Authors: Dávila Rivera Marilda , Gálvez Marquina Mario
Published: February 2020

Los desiertos de los departamentos de Arequipa e Ica en Perú estaban bajo el mar durante el Neógeno.En esa época, el incremento de la flora marina en la región produjo el desarrollo de una gran variedad de especies que convirtió al mar de la costa peruana en uno de los siete más peligrosos del mundo.Como testimonio de la vida de esos años están los fósiles de ballenas que se puede encontrar en el Museo de Sitio de Sacaco, ubicado en el distrito de Bella Unión de la provincia de Caravelí del Departamento de Arequipa. Lamentablemente, la falta de presupuesto para mantener este valioso patrimonio natural ha puesto en peligro la conservación de los dos fósiles que se exhiben en el museo; uno de ellos, incluso, se encuentra al aire libre y expuesto al clima costero. El yacimiento de fósiles de Sacaco es uno de los más ricos del mundo y su adecuada preservación puede poner al Perú dentro los lugares más importantes para la paleontología mundial.
Implantes posextracción con regeneración ósea guiada
Authors: Verástegui Baldárrago Guiselle Andrea
Published: February 2020

La colocación de implantes en alveolos post-extracción regenerados es un tipo de tratamiento que ha dado buenos resultados postratamiento. Los factores clave para conseguir el éxito en este tipo de tratamientos se basa en realizar una extracción atraumática del diente para preservar el hueso alveolar, ausencia de infección activa y estabilidad primaria del implante. Este caso clínico describe a una paciente de 40 años de edad que se realizó la extracción de la pieza 2.5 y la colocación de un implante inmediato con regeneración ósea guiada. Una vez aplicada la técnica y el período posoperatorio, fue evidente la buena oseointegración del implante a los 3 meses y una mejoría en la estética y soporte perimplantario. Sin duda, la tasa de éxito para los implantes colocados posexodoncia era comparable con aquella en áreas edéntulas.