bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pamięć krajobrazu
Authors: Majewska Anna
Published: October 2024

Pamięć. Krajobraz ma swoją własną.
Gruzowiska, które pozostały po domach, żeliwne krzyże na niewielkich cmentarzach chylące się ku ziemi pod upływem czasu, fragmenty porcelany, zardzewiała klamka, drzwiczki od kuchennego pieca, kruszące się kamienne schody, przewrócone sztachety drewnianego płotu… To pozostałości gwarnego życia niewielkich miejscowości, których nazwy już dawno wymazano z drogowskazów i map.
Książka jest opowieścią o wyludnionych wsiach, osadach, folwarkach, leśniczówkach i dworach Warmii, Mazur oraz Powiśla – terenów, które do 1945 roku stanowiły część Prus Wschodnich. Miejscowości opuszczone w konsekwencji zmian politycznych, społecznych i gospodarczych są dzisiaj integralną częścią pojeziernego krajobrazu. Na kamiennych pozostałościach zabudowań wyrosły drzewa, oplatając ruiny korzeniami. Wyludnione zagrody stanowią wyjątkowe zespolenie natury z kulturą, z którego już nie sposób wyabstrahować poszczególnych elementów, nie naruszając całego układu. Siły sprawcze zostały tu odwrócone – już nie człowiek kształtuje przestrzeń wsi, lecz rolę głównego aktora przejęła natura. Następuje intensywna sukcesja roślinności, a mury rozpadają się pod wpływem wietrzenia fizycznego. Jednocześnie to, co się zachowało, staje się częścią krajobrazu, nadal czytelne, choć wtopione w jego struktury dużo bardziej niż kiedyś.
Zdefragmentowane pejzaże dawnej pruskiej wsi są wyjątkowym materialnym nośnikiem pamięci. Będąc „w procesie rozkładu”, wciąż intrygują i budzą ciekawość. Co i dlaczego pozostało po niemal ośmiuset opuszczonych wiejskich jednostkach osadniczych dawnych Prus Wschodnich? Jeśli chcesz się tego dowiedzieć, ta publikacja jest właśnie dla Ciebie.
Są miejsca „zapomniane”, o których nie sposób zapomnieć!
Publikacja została sfinansowana ze środków projektu pt. „Pamięć krajobrazu zanikających miejscowości z terenu dawnych Prus Wschodnich – materialny wymiar przerwania ciągłości osadnictwa”, zrealizowanego w ramach grantu Preludium 15 Narodowego Centrum Nauki – nr projektu: 2018/29/N/HS3/01001 w latach 2019–2024
Restoration of the lacquer layer of TEM insulation fingers using a chamber-type infrared heating system
Authors: Lobycin Igor' , Dulskiy Evgeny , Baranov Nikolay , Kruchek Viktor
Published: October 2024

Purpose: based on an in-depth analysis of the causes of damage to the insulating fingers of traction motors of electric locomotives, it is necessary to develop a method for increasing their operational reliability. The most effective way to obtain the desired result is to use an improved technology for restoring the electrical insulating varnish layer of insulating fingers using thermoradiation heating. The implementation of a promising technology in depot conditions is possible with the use of a chamber-type infrared heating unit, the control unit of which contains the most optimal energy supply mode determined during experimental studies on a laboratory combined heating unit. Methods: the most significant results of the work were obtained thanks to experimental studies of the electrical and mechanical strength of the cured electrical insulating varnish layer of insulating fingers, in addition, in the process of determining the optimal energy supply mode, finite element modeling methods of thermal processes were used. Results: a design of a laboratory combined infrared heating unit has been developed, thanks to which the optimal drying mode of insulating fingers has been determined, embedded in the operation of an industrial chamber-type unit for drying a set of insulating fingers. Also, the dependence of the breakdown voltage and the hardness of the outer surface of the insulating finger, linking its mechanical and dielectric properties, was determined. Practical significance: the results of the work can be used to improve existing technologies for depot and factory repair of insulating fingers, in particular, to create a series of industrial infrared heating units in locomotive service depots. It is also worth noting that the obtained curve of the dependence of hardness and breakdown voltage, in the future, will allow assessing the electrical strength of insulating fingers indirectly by the hardness parameter of the outer varnish layer.
Dependence of rail potential on the resistance of the traction substation grounding device and rail line parameters
Authors: Basharkin Maksim
Published: October 2024

Purpose: to analyse the dependence of the potential on rails on the track coordinate at different values of conductivity of the grounding device of the traction substation (g0 = 0 S, 10 S, 25 S, 50 S). Methods: the analysis was carried out on the developed substitution diagram of the traction rail network section using the method of nodal potentials. The calculation was implemented in Mathcad 15 mathematical package. Selection of initial data was carried out taking into account the values established in the current normative documentation. Results: an equivalent substitution scheme of the traction rail network on a double-track section has been developed, in which each homogeneous section of the rail line is replaced by an equivalent U-shaped quadrupole. This allows to transform an electric circuit with distributed parameters into a circuit with concentrated parameters. If it is necessary to simulate transverse or longitudinal asymmetry of traction current in a section, such a section is replaced by a three-wire substitution diagram in which the earth conductor is taken into account. To improve the accuracy of the modelling results, the inter-track jumpers are taken into account, and the number of nodal potentials is increased to 7. It is established that the highest modulus value of voltage on rails is observed near the traction substation. It has been determined that the voltage value on rails near the traction substation decreases when the conductivity of the earthing device increases. Practical significance: values of rail-ground potential at different values of conductivity of grounding device of traction substation for tracks of both directions of traffic — even and odd tracks — are determined. The value of conductivity of the traction substation grounding device at which it is safe for the personnel to stay on the rails near the traction substation has been determined. The obtained results can be recommended for practical use in railway transport.
KARİKATÜR ÇEVİRİSİ BAĞLAMINDA ÇEVİRİ ALT EDİNÇLERİNE BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: Haldan Aykut , Yildiz Çisem
Published: October 2024

Karikatürler geçmişten günümüze kadar toplumların kültürlerinde önemli yere sahiptirler. Bir iletişim aracı olarak sevilerek okunan karikatürlerde yaşamın içinden çok farklı konular ele alınmaktadır. Yazılı çevirinin bir alanı olarak karikatür çevirisi yapmak isteyen çevirmenlerin kaynak ve hedef dile hakim oldukları kadar, kaynak ve hedef kültüre de hakim olması beklenmektedir. Karikatür çevirilerinin çeşitli sorunlar içermesi bu yüzden şaşırtıcı değildir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmanın amacı, mizah-kültür ilişkisini açıklayarak çeviri eğitimindeki çeviri ve alt edinçlerinin önemini vurgulamaktır. Çeviri eğitiminde çeviri edincini oluşturan tüm alt edinçleri: dil edinci, metin edinci, kültür edinci, aktarım edinci, araştırma edinci, uzmanlık edinci, iletişim edinci, teknoloji edinci kazandırmak amaçlanır. Çeviri öğrencilerinin bu alt edinçleri edinerek, çeviri edincine sahip bir şekilde mezun olmaları beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çeviri alt edinçlerden dil edinci, kültür metin ve aktarım edinçlerine odaklanılmıştır. Karikatür çevirisindeki değinilen sorunlar için çevirmenlerin bunlarla kültürel, teknik ve dilsel bağlamda nasıl yüzleştiği gösterilmiş ayrıca çeviri edinçleri arasındaki ilişki irdelenmiştir. Karikatür çevirisine çevirmen, sadece dil bilgisi ile çeviri yapamayacağı aynı zamanda çeviri, kültür ve diğer alt edinçlere de ihtiyacı olduğu açıktır. Çalışmada bu bağlamda çeviride çevirmenlerin rolü, çeviri eğitimi ve çeviri edinçlerinin önemi ve dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalara dikkat çekilmiştir. Uygulama bölümü için Trakya Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Almanca Mütercim-Tercümanlık bölümünde 3. Sınıf seçmeli dersi olarak verilen “Karikatür ve Çizgi Roman Çevirisi” dersi öğrencilerinin sınav kağıtlarındaki çevirileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Evaluation eines Pilotprojekts zur psychischen Stabilisierung von langzeitarbeitslosen Menschen: Die Bedeutung des internalisierten Stigmas
Authors:   , Probst Anna-Marie
Published: October 2024

Die Intervention Initiative für nachhaltige Gesundheitsfürsorge im Erwerbsleben (INGE) zielt darauf ab, die psychische Stabilität von Menschen in Langzeitarbeitslosigkeit mit psychischer Erkrankung oder Belastung zu fördern. Arbeitslosigkeit und psychische Erkrankung stellen stigmatisierte Identitäten dar, die zu sozialer Abwertung und systematischer Diskriminierung führen. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Auswirkungen der Internalisierung dieser Stigmata auf psychosoziale und rehabilitative Faktoren. Zur Evaluation potenzieller Vorteile einer Erweiterung der Intervention um Aspekte internalisierter Stigmata werden Untersuchungen der Interventionsgruppe (N = 37) über einen Zeitraum von sechs Monaten sowie im Gruppenvergleich mit einer Kontrollgruppe (N = 25) durchgeführt. Zusätzlich wird ein Zusammenhangsmodell zur Identifikation möglicher Einfluss internalisierter Stigmatisierung analysiert. Die Internalisierung von Stigmata hat signifikant negative Auswirkungen auf Selbstwert, berufliche Selbstwirksamkeit sowie die soziale Einbindung in der Zielgruppe und beeinflusst indirekt die psychische und berufliche Rehabilitation Betroffener. Die Implementierung von Ansätzen zur Bearbeitung internalisierter Stigmata könnte die deskriptiv vorgefundene Wirksamkeit der Intervention INGE optimieren.
Confrontos epistêmicos na percepção social das afasias e da doença de alzheimer por meio de metáforas
Authors: Morato Edwiges Maria , Freitas Nathália Luiz de
Published: October 2024

Este texto apresenta reflexões resultantes do projeto em desenvolvimento intitulado “O papel das metáforas e dos frames na ancoragem da referência discursiva - a conceptualização das afasias e da Doença de Alzheimer” – FAPESP processo 2020/00405-4. O enfoque deste artigo, cujos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos se filiam a perspectivas pós-lakoffianas de estudo da metáfora em uso (como Cameron, 2008; Charteris-Black, 2004; Kövecses, 2005; Vereza, 2007;  Silva, 2015; Semino et al., 2016)  está em dois dos três objetivos do estudo: (i) analisar, por meio de expressões referenciais metafóricas, a conceptualização da afasia e da Doença de Alzheimer por leigos, indivíduos diagnosticados e especialistas (médicos e terapeutas); e (ii) identificar tendências de conceptualização dessas condições clínicas quanto aos principais frames epistêmicos que procuram explicá-las, e suas virtuais variações, mudanças ou inter-relações. A partir da construção de um corpus em português brasileiro de expressões referenciais metafóricas extraído de dados linguístico-interacionais autênticos de trabalhos acadêmicos de pesquisadores da área de Neurolinguística do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem, Universidade Estadual de Campinas), bem como de acervos do grupo de pesquisa COGITES (Cognição, Interação e Significação), foram analisadas ocorrências metafóricas em situações de uso e determinadas esferas discursivas (como entrevistas semidirigidas com especialistas e familiares, conversações com indivíduos afásicos e com diagnóstico de doença de Alzheimer, discussões diagnósticas). Com as análises empreendidas até o momento, foi possível observar semelhanças e diferenças na conceptualização da afasia e da Doença de Alzheimer por diferentes atores sociais, bem como de indivíduos diagnosticados. Em geral, a metáfora atua como agente de conhecimento e poderoso recurso linguístico-cognitivo de conceptualização da doença, como já assinalado por muitos autores. Neste estudo, ela indica determinadas tendências de (re)construção de sentidos associados às duas realidades nosológicas como uma (nova) experiência a ser ainda compreendida e emoldurada em termos epistêmicos e sociocognitivos, com impactos e desafios de diversas ordens.
45 anos de Cadernos de Estudos Linguísticos
Authors: Tescari Neto Aquiles , Vivanco Karin , Albano Eleonora Cavalcante
Published: October 2024

Para comemorar os 45 anos da revista “Cadernos de Estudos Linguísticos”, convidamos alguns dos editores anteriores que, durante o tempo em que estiveram à frente dos trabalhos de nossa revista, contribuíram substancialmente! Os editores temos o prazer, então, de entrevistar agora a professora Eleonora Cavalcante Albano, titular aposentada do Departamento de Linguística do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
45 anos da Cadernos de Estudos Linguísticos
Authors: Tescari Neto Aquiles , Vivanco Karin , Cyrino Sonia Maria Lazzarini
Published: October 2024

Os editores da CEL — Karin Vivanco e Aquiles Tescari Neto — temos a satisfação de celebrarmos as “bodas de diamante” de nossa revista, entrevistando alguns ilustres colegas de nosso departamento (o DL), colegas esses que, ao longo desses 45 anos de nossa revista, dedicaram-se à importante tarefa de editor do periódico de nosso departamento. Hoje temos a satisfação de entrevistar a professora Edwiges Morato, que atuou como editora da revista nos anos de 2021 e 2022.
Volta ao mundo on-line
Authors: Braga Elisabete Rambo , Viali Lori , Lahm Régis Alexandre
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar o desenvolvimento de um projeto transdisciplinar, realizado de forma remota, em função da pandemia desencadeada pela Covid-19, no qual foi empregada a metodologia de aprendizagem baseada em projetos (ABP). Esta proposta objetivou a elaboração de um site com o planejamento de uma viagem para um local pré-definido com estudantes da 2ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola privada de Porto Alegre. Como fundamentação teórica aborda-se a ABP na perspectiva de Bender (2014). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, sendo que os fenômenos foram estudados em seu contexto. Os dados foram coletados a partir da análise dos sites construídos pelos estudantes e de um questionário aplicado no final do projeto. Ressalta-se, também, que foram apresentados alguns dados quantitativos de modo a complementar as informações coletadas. Na construção dos sites os discentes desenvolveram habilidades referentes à procura de informações na rede WWW (World Wide Web), à escrita sobre os elementos encontrados, à busca e edição de imagens, tomada de decisões frente às questões financeiras e organizacionais de itinerários, constituindo-se, assim, um espaço de aprendizagem e de trabalho colaborativo. Agrega-se a este cenário, o aprimoramento de habilidades relacionadas às questões históricas e culturais sobre os locais visitados e à compreensão quanto à flutuação da cotação de moedas estrangeiras em relação ao Real.
Escherichia coli Kaynaklı Gıda Enfeksiyonları
Authors: Gündüz Merve , Karabıyıklı Çiçek Şeniz , Bekteş Ahmet
Published: October 2024

Escherichia coli, gıda güvenliği ve gıda hijyeninin değerlendirme kriteri olarak kabul görmüş fekal kontaminasyon ve hijyen indikatörü olarak değerlendirilen bir patojendir. Birçok serotipi özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki çocuklarda görülen kronik diyareden ve ölümlerden sorumlu tutulmaktadır. E. coli kaynaklı gıda enfeksiyonları incelendiğinde, salgınların büyük çoğunluğuna hayvansal orjinli ürünlerin kaynak teşkil ettiği görülmektedir. Patojen bulaşışında rol oynayan başlıca gıdalar, et ve et ürünleri ve çiğ süt veya çiğ sütten elde edilen ürünlerdir. Hayvansal orjinli gıdalara uygulanan yetersiz ısıl işlemler enfeksiyonların meydana gelmesi için önemli bir kriterdir. Bunun yanı sıra ıspanak, marul, yonca filizi, karnabahar, tüketime hazır salatalar, un ve unlu mamuller, dondurulmuş gıdalar, yengeç ve karides eti, yumurta, meyve suları, elma şarabı ve restoran yemeklerinin kaynak gösterildiği salgınlar da meydana gelmiştir. E. coli’nin tanımlanması enfeksiyonların önlenmesi için önem arz etmektedir. Gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte geleneksel tanımlama yöntemlerine alternatif olması için hızlı ve güvenilir sonuç üreten sistemlerin kullanılması yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu derleme çalışmasında, E. coli’nin patojenitesi, E, coli açısından riskli gıdalar, E. coli’nin tanımlanmasında kullanılan bazı yenilikçi yöntemler ve son yıllarda meydana gelen E. coli kaynaklı gıda enfeksiyonları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
Electrochemical conversion of CO2 via C−X bond formation: recent progress and perspective
Authors: Jia Shuaiqiang , Dong Mengke , Zhu Qinggong , Kang Xinchen , Wu Haihong , Han Buxing
Published: October 2024

With the depletion of traditional energy sources and growing environmental concerns, it is becoming increasingly urgent to develop green, low-emission renewable energy technologies to replace fossil fuel-driven methods that emit carbon dioxide (CO2). Currently, the electrochemical production of high-value-added chemicals and fuels from CO2 has aroused great interest from scientists. However, to make full use of CO2 for the preparation of chemicals, it is necessary to expand the range of electrosynthesis methods, in particular by expanding reaction pathways through the reaction of CO2 with different substrates. In general, CO2 can form new covalent bonds with substrate molecules through the formation of C−X bonds, including C−H, C−C, C−N, C−O, and C−S bonds, which would expand the range of possible products by diversifying the reaction pathway. In this review, we focus on the research progress in electrochemical conversion of CO2 through C−X bond formation. We start by examining fundamentals of the reactions and summarizing the reaction modes. Next, we discuss the electrosynthesis of C−X bonds (C−H, C−C, C−N, C−O, C−S) using CO2 and different substrate molecules. Finally, (i) strategies for the design and activity optimization of catalyst materials and (ii) the future development of forming five types of bonds from CO2 and small molecules are discussed, along with an outlook on their future research prospects.
The Nature of the Administrative Relationships between the Shariʿah Board and the Stakeholders in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Hassan Mazin , Besar Azrin , Jaidin Halida
Published: October 2024

Corporate governance involves a set of administrative relationships between a company and other stakeholders. The shareholders and management should take part in protecting the interests of all stakeholders by making decisions and building policy framework processes that fulfill the stakeholders’ needs. As far as Islamic corporate governance (ICG) is concerned, the institution of the Shari’ah board comes into the picture and plays a crucial role in favoring the interest of the stakeholders by ensuring that all corporation activities are in line with the Shari’ah principles. This paper attempts to examine the administrative relationships between the SB and other stakeholders by looking at the duties, roles, and responsibilities of the SB toward other stakeholders and vice versa in Brunei Darussalam. For this purpose, it relies on doctrinal and Islamic worldview methodologies and uses both content and legal analysis methods. After the discussion, it is concluded that the administrative relationship between the Shari’ah board and other stakeholders may take the form of imamah (ultimate authority), wilayah (specific authority), taʿlimiyah (educational), or istishariyah (consultative) relationship, depending on the type of relevant stakeholder. Nonetheless, to align the administrative relationship between SB and other stakeholders with these notions, further legal and regulatory amendments need to be made to the Bruneian Shariah governance framework.
Exploring the Medical Knowledge Presented in the Quran: An Analysis of its Accuracy and Relevance
Authors: Saleem Sheikh Mohd , Jan Shah Sumaya
Published: October 2024

The Quran, the holy book of Islam, contains several references to medical concepts and practices. This study aims to review and analyze the medical knowledge presented in the Quran and its relevance in modern medicine. To this end, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify all the medical concepts discussed in the Quran. The accuracy and relevance of these concepts in light of modern medical knowledge were evaluated through critical analysis of current literature. The study found that the Quran contains references to several medical concepts, including disease prevention, hygiene, and healthy living. These concepts are still relevant and applicable in modern medicine. The Quranic emphasis on the importance of faith and prayer in healing, however, may not be sufficient in modern medical practice. While the medical knowledge presented in the Quran has been praised for its accuracy and relevance, it is important to recognize that the Quran was revealed during a specific time and cultural context. There may be some limitations to the medical knowledge presented in the Quran when viewed through a modern lens. The study thus concludes that the Quranic medical knowledge has made significant contributions to the development of medical knowledge and practices. However, it is important to view its teachings in the context in which they were presented and to consider the limitations of these teachings when applying them to modern medical practice.
Nurcholish Madjid's Ideas on Renewal of Islamic Education in Indonesia
Authors: Lidyaningsih Windy , Hanif Muh.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine Nurcholish Madjid's thoughts on the reforms of Islamic education in Indonesia. This paper uses library research method by collecting sources from documents related to the theme of Islamic education reform. The sources are triangulated to determine their credibility and authenticity and then analyzed using content analysis. The results of the research found that Nurcholish Madjid proposed several important renewal ideas that can be applied to Islamic education in Indonesia, including modernization and secularization. Modernization in Islamic education can be applied in terms of the materials delivered and the education system while secularization in Islamic education can be promoted to give the right to think freely for every learner as a human being who has freedom of thought.
Radiation therapy fractionation in the modern era of head and neck oncology towards an improved therapeutic window
Authors: Marcu Loredana G.
Published: October 2024

The importance of fractionation in radiotherapy has been known since the early days of radiobiology. Certain tumors, such as head and neck, are radiobiologically challenging because of several factors contributing to treatment failure, including hypoxia, cellular kinetics, and proportion of cancer stem cells. The management of the above factors often requires different, more aggressive approaches, which led to the design of altered fractionation schedules. Despite these unconventional treatment regimens, the clinical outcome of head and neck cancer patients has not significantly improved. Therefore, there is the need for combined modality treatments employing chemo- and/or immunotherapy. Furthermore, proton therapy and hadrontherapy are trialed in this patient group to elucidate their advantage over conventional techniques. This article discusses all the above aspects in the context of fractionation and also the evolution and impact of fractionated regimens on the clinical outcome of head and neck cancer patients.
Genotoxicity Of The Herbicide Picloram (TORDON ® 24K) on tadpoles of Boana pulchella (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae)
Authors: Riero Mariabelén , Pereira Gisela , Olsson Daniela , Lajmanovich Rafael , Maneyro Raúl
Published: October 2024

Picloram (PIC) is an herbicide widely used in Uruguay to control weeds, especially in forest crops. In the present study, we evaluate the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of formulated 24.9% PIC-based Tordon®24K on Boana pulchella tadpoles under standard laboratory conditions. In the acute toxicity test we use mortality as the endpoint and we obtained a 48-h LC50 of 16.5 mg/L, LOEC 14.5 mg/L, and NOEC 12.5 mg/L. We determined genotoxicity in GS36 tadpoles exposed to sublethal concentrations of 8.5 (NOEC/1.5) and 12.5 mg/L (NOEC) PIC using micronucleus frequency (MN) and occurrence of nuclear abnormalities (AN) as endpoints. We noticed a significant increase in the frequency of MN and AN in all treatments tested at sublethal concentrations. Our findings demonstrate the genotoxic effects of this herbicide, which represent a danger to amphibians that inhabit agroecosystems. Based on the results obtained and considering that Boana pulchella is not a threatened species and has a wide distribution in the Uruguayan territory and the Pampa Biome, it could be considered a reference organism in environmental monitoring programs in the region.
Minimizing Endothelial Cell Loss in Hard Nucleus Cataract Surgery: Efficacy of the Eight-Chop Technique
Authors: Sato Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To estimate the efficacy of the eight-chop technique in phacoemulsification surgeries for patients with hard nucleus cataracts by investigating corneal endothelial cell density (CECD) reduction post-phacoemulsification and intraoperative parameters.Setting: Sato Eye Clinic, Chiba-ken, Japan.Design: Prospective case series.Methods: Patients were categorized into three groups (Grade IV, IV plus, and V) according to the hardness of their lens nuclei. Surgeries were performed using the eight-chop technique. Key intraoperative metrics (operative time, phaco time, aspiration time, cumulative dissipated energy [CDE], and fluid volume used) were measured. Pre- and postoperative assessments included corrected distance visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell size variation, hexagonal cell percentage, central corneal thickness, and CECD.Results: Overall, 89 eyes from 67 patients with cataracts were evaluated. The mean operative time, phaco time, aspiration time, CDE, and fluid volume used across Grades IV, IV plus, and V were 10.5 min, 38.9 s, 135.6 s, 19.2, and 53.0 mL, respectively. At 19 weeks postoperatively, the CECD decreased by 0.2%, 6.8%, and 9.6% for Grades IV, IV plus, and V, respectively, with an average decrease of 3.7%. Significant reductions in postoperative IOP were observed across all groups compared with preoperative IOP (p < .01). Loss of CECD significantly correlated with phaco time, CDE, and fluid volume (p = .027, p < .01, and .034, respectively).Conclusions: The eight-chop technique in phacoemulsification for hard nucleus cataracts resulted in minimal CECD loss. It may provide an effective surgical solution for patients with hard nucleus cataracts.
Optical Properties, Thermal Stability, and Biological Activity of a Non-Centrosymmetric Hybrid Compound 3,4-Diaminopyridinium Perchlorate (3,4-DAPP)
Authors: Mtar Soulayma , Sellami Sameh , Chniba-Boudjada Nassira , Boujelbene Mohamed
Published: October 2024

In this work, a new hybrid compound3,4-diaminopyridinium perchlorate with the formula (C5H8N3)ClO4abbreviated 3,4-DAPP was synthesized in aqueous solution at room temperature by the slow evaporation method. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system,with a non-centrosymmetric space group P21with the following parameters: a=5.1261 (9), b=9.3003 (17),c=8.6659 (16) Å and β=102.595 (7) °. However, the supramolecular crystal structure was built from perchlorate anions (ClO4)- and organic diaminopyridinum cations (C5H8N3)+connected with hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectra indicate that the vibrational modes correspond to both inorganic and organic entities. According to Hirschfeld’s analysis, the crystal packing is mainly stabilizedby the presence of hydrogen bonds O⋯H (50%), as well as the crystal void analysis indicates the mechanical stability of the structure. Furthermore, the thermal behavior studied by thermogravimetric (TGA-DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) appears to have good stability up to 280°C. Finally, the optical properties were investigated by UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy along with density-functional theory DFT calculations, whichexhibit emission property, and a band gap energy of 3.9 eV.Additionally, biological activity tests revealed that 3,4-DAPP exhibited moderate antibacterial activity, particularly against Bacillus cereus, though it was less effective than 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DAP) against several other bacteria, indicating that the perchlorate group in 3,4-DAPP may reduce its antimicrobial efficacy.
A Comparative Review of Quantum Bits: Superconducting, Topological, Spin, and Emerging Qubit Technologies
Authors: Chohan Akash
Published: October 2024

Quantum computing operates using qubits, the basic units of quantum information, which enable quantum algorithms to solve complex problems that classical computers cannot efficiently handle. This review provides a comparative analysis of several promising qubit technologies, including superconducting qubits, topological qubits, spin qubits, photonic qubits, ion trap qubits, and nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds. We discuss the operational principles, key researchers and institutions in each field, current advancements, challenges, and future directions for these technologies. This paper aims to present a thorough overview of the different approaches in qubit technologies and their potential impacts on quantum computing’s future landscape.
MQTT Protocol-Based ESP-32 Smarthome with Multi-sensor Recognition
Authors: Makatita Febriansyah Dwicahya , Hakim Nurul Fahmi Arief
Published: October 2024

Rapid technological advancements are accompanied by a progressive increase in sophistication. Nonetheless, an issue that must not be overlooked in light of this progress pertains to the energy sources employed. One possible resolution to this issue involves the implementation of an automation system within the domestic setting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop an automation system for use in a smarthome or residential setting. In addition to this, the objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of the smarthome application and streamline the system in comparison to prior investigations. Following a literature assessment, the research methodology consists of system design, system development, and system testing. Based on the conducted research, it was determined that the temperature sensor employed exhibited a commendable accuracy rate of 98.12%. Positive outcomes were also obtained through the implementation of the MQTT protocol in this study; the MQTT Dashboard application exhibited an average delay of 0.725 seconds, while the node-red application demonstrated a delay of 0.67 seconds. It can be concluded from these results that the designed and implemented system functions as intended. Additionally, these results indicate that the implementation of a smarthome system can streamline the management of routinely utilized electronic devices. In addition to this, the implementation of the sensors yields favorable outcomes, thereby establishing their dependability for the regulation of automated systems. With any luck, this study will offer a comprehensive understanding of the potential of smarthomes as a sustainable alternative that will inspire greater attention to energy conservation in the home environment.
La persistente vieja antidemocracia
Authors: Pallares Cuevas Osiel
Published: October 2024

La transición democrática en México ha sido un prolongado proceso, de larga data, con características singulares y peculiaridades notorias, que la distinguen sustancialmente de los procesos de “retorno a la democracia” que se experimentaron en el resto de América Latina, así como sus consecuentes efectos de consolidación o “normalización democrática”. Decía Bertolt Brecht, extraordinario literato alemán, dedicado a la dramaturgia y la poesía, teorizando sobre la crisis, que ésta se produce cuando: “lo viejo no termina de morir y lo nuevonoacabadenacer”,talfraseenmarcada en el actual contexto de nuestra democracia, llamada por algunos “incipiente”, o bien inmadura, trae consigo un amplísimo sentido, clave para la comprensión de los fenómenos que hoy atestiguamos.
La controversia por examen de los jueces en Chihuahua
Authors: Camarillo Hinojosa Jesús Antonio
Published: October 2024

Mucha discusión causó toda la faena involucrada en la elaboración, aplicación y resultados del examen para la elección de jueces en el estado de Chihuahua. Según notas periodísticas y quizás en el acto más visible de la molestia desatada, el magistrado Luis Villegas Montes “acusó públicamente a la Consejera de la Judicatura, Luz Estela Castro Rodríguez, de no ser confiable y de hacer todo lo necesario para favorecer solamente a sus recomendados en el proceso de selección de jueces de primera instancia” (El Diario, 23/05/2018). Según el funcionario judicial la prueba de conocimientos tenía muchas fallas, “como preguntas repetidas, otras equivocadas, algunas confusas y otras capciosas”, aduciendo que se hizo prácticamente para no pasarla. Lo asentado por Villegas Montes fue apoyado por algunas Barras y Colegios de Abogados de la entidad, así como por personas que realizaron el controvertido examen.
Cholo: identidad y resistencia en la década los 80 en Ciudad Juárez.
Authors: González Rivas Andrea Alejandra
Published: October 2024

El texto aborda el fenómeno de los cholos en Ciudad Juárez dentro del contexto de los movimientos juveniles. Se analiza cómo el grupo emergió y destacó por su distintiva vestimenta, lenguaje, un fuerte sentido de identidad y pertenecia barrial. Los cholos con una fuerte influencia chicana, pudieron encontrar distintas formas de expresión dentro de la camaradería, arte callejero y la música, siendo esto una manera representativa de su resistencia ante las condiciones sociales y económicas que se vivían en la ciudad.
¡Muera Cantinflas! ¡Viva Tin Tan!:
Authors: Botello Mares Adrián
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo hace una invitación a cuestionar las influencias de la cultura dominante, particularmente al confrontar las propuestas de los dos cómicos más importantes de la historia de México: Tin Tan y Cantinflas. Mediante la polémica y provocadora consigna de “¡Muera Cantinflas! ¡Viva Tin Tan!”, se expone un grito catártico para invitar a despertar una consciencia crítica, social, política y cultural ante la intención de homogeneizar la hiper diversidad de lo que llamamos México.
The Strength and Minimum Wall Thickness of Wellhead Equipment for Ultrahigh-Pressure Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Shi Junlin , Lian Zhanghua , Ding Liangliang , Wan Zhiyong , Shi Taihe , Li Chaoming
Published: October 2024

As oil and gas wells are drilled to greater depths, wellhead pressure is expected to exceed the 20 ksi (138 MPa) limit specified by API SPEC 6A and other industrial standards, necessitating the development of 25 ksi (172.4 MPa) equipment. This paper focuses on the strength design and analysis of ultrahigh-pressure wellhead equipment, reviewing various wall-thickness calculation formulas and design criteria based on basic mechanical theory. It traces the flange wall thickness calculations in API SPEC 6A, discusses issues with 25-ksi equipment, and analyzes safety factors, methods, and allowable stresses in different standards. The findings of the research indicate that for high-pressure equipment with a pressure of 25 ksi (172.4 MPa), the optimal ratio of outer diameter to inner diameter is 2, and the structure can meet the requisite strength requirements. The wall thickness design method for structures such as flanges in traditional American Petroleum Institute (API) specifications uses the maximum principal stress criterion for calculation, which is not applicable to high-pressure equipment. For high-strength steel with high yield ratio used in high-pressure equipment, yield strength and tensile strength should be combined in design and use, fully utilizing the material’s properties. It is recommended to use finite element analysis for high- and ultrahigh-pressure complex structures, following the latest design concepts such as elastic-plastic ASME standards. The research provides a theoretical basis for designing ultrahigh-pressure wellhead equipment.
Surrogate Model of Shale Stress Based on Plackett-Burman and Central Composite Design
Authors: Mu Shuxing , Zhao Lianheng , Liu Yuxuan
Published: October 2024

Multifactor analysis and accurate prediction of dynamic stress in shale reservoirs are of great practical significance for designing hydraulic fracturing. In this paper, a surrogate model for the rapid prediction of shale stress is proposed by considering the geomechanical heterogeneity and multiscale seepage mechanism of shale gas. The Plackett-Burman method is used to compare the influence of different parameters on shale stress, and significant parameters are selected as decision variables for establishing a surrogate model. The surrogate model for predicting stress is obtained by central composite design fitting, and the interaction of significant factors on shale stress is studied. The results show that after considering the heterogeneity, the minimum horizontal stress fluctuation range is 20.25 to 44.03 MPa and the maximum horizontal stress fluctuation range is 26.46 to 49.77 MPa in the area controlling hydraulic fracture. The initial reservoir pressure, as well as the length and width of hydraulic fractures, are the key factors influencing reservoir stress. The analysis of variance demonstrates that the proposed method is effective for predicting shale stress. The research results are helpful for gaining a deeper understanding of the evolution mechanism of dynamic stress fields in shale reservoirs and provide guidance for treatment design and dynamic optimization of gas wells.
Mitigation of Axial Flow Turbine Losses by An Optimised Bump Hub Wall Treatment
Authors: Obaida Hayder Mahdi Baqer
Published: October 2024

The change in turbine stator 1 and rotor hub surface shapes has a significant effect on the reduction of the turbine secondary flow losses. This reduction was implemented by boosting the aeroderivative optimised bump hub wall treatment in both stator 1 and rotor hub surfaces that reduced results from the reduction of the turbine flow separation losses. This technique was compared with axisymmetric hub surface in Aachen Turbine that used in industry and the highest increased in turbine stage isentropic efficiency was used. This prevented the suction side branch and the pressure side horseshoe vortex from combining. The mixing plane between the turbine stator 1 and rotor experienced a drop in turbulent kinetic energy as a result. By using a hub shaped by the optimised bump, a 6.19% reduction in the total pressure loss coefficient predicted by openFOAM is expected as compared with axisymmetric hub in both stator 1 and rotor. A Kriging surrogate model is used to predict the best surface parameters for the optimised stator 1 and rotor hub surfaces. It is anticipated that the greater turbine stage isentropic efficiency will improve the profitability by 0.23%.
Plug-in Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energy Sources constrained Unit Commitment Problem using Cat and Mouse Based Optimization algorithm
Authors: Kamalanathan V. , Asokan K. , BalaKumar S.
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses the Cost-Based Unit Commitment (CBUC) problem by incorporating RES and PEVs. It proposes a novel optimization tool, the Cat and Mouse Based Optimizer (CMBO), designed to find the optimal solution for the CBUC problem. The CMBO algorithm divides the population into two groups: the Cat group and the Mice group. These groups work together in two phases—the cat's pursuit of the mice and the mice's escape to safety—continually updating their positions to converge on the best solution efficiently. The CMBO method was tested on a standard IEEE-39 bus system, which includes 10 generators and spans 24 hours, along with an equivalent PEV and Wind farm. The results showed that the CMBO approach effectively minimized the total operating costs across various test cases. Key outcomes such as the UC schedule, real power output of thermal, wind, and PEV units, fuel costs, startup costs, and total operating costs of the interconnected system were both numerically and graphically presented. Finally, the simulated results obtained using the CMBO algorithm were compared with other mathematical and intelligent computational approaches, demonstrating the efficiency and superior performance of the proposed CMBO technique.
Nitric oxide responsive NAD(P)-binding Rossman-fold superfamily protein NONBR negatively regulates the growth and immunity of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Azzawi Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al , Khan Murtaza , Hussain Adil , Shaffique Shifa , Khan Fahad Uallah , Lee Da-Sol , Lee In-Jung , Yun Byung-Wook
Published: October 2024

Background
Nitric oxide plays a pivotal role in governing various biological and physiological processes in plants, including growth, development, hormone signaling, and defense responses against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Here we investigate the role of the NO-responsive ATNONBR gene in influencing the growth and immunity of Arabidopsis thaliana atnonbr mutant plants in comparison to WT and other relevant control lines under oxidative (induced by H2O2 and methyl viologen), and nitro-oxidative (induced by the NO donors CySNO and GNSO) stress conditions.
Results
Our findings revealed that, under these conditions, the atnonbr plants exhibited longer roots and shoot lengths compared to WT plants. In addition, to elucidate the role of ATNONBR in basal defense, R-gene mediated resistance and SAR, plants were inoculated with the virulent strain of hemi-biotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato PstDC3000 as well as virulent strain (PstDC3000avrB). The atnonbr knockout mutant line exhibited a significantly resistant phenotype, elevated expression of AtPR1, AtPR2, AtG3dph, and AtAZI along with enhanced SA accumulation and reduced electrolyte leakage indicating that At1G07450 negatively regulates the basal defense, R-gene-mediated resistance, and SAR in A. thaliana. Further data mining was employed to determine the basal expression of ATNONBR in various plant parts which also indicated significant reduction in its expression in response to multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Furthermore, computational analysis predicted physical interaction of ATNONBR with two other proteins of the same family and several other proteins with high confidence. Besides, two cysteine molecules were detected with high confidence scores as potential targets of S-Nitrosylation by NO, closer to the NADP binding site as well as the substrate and active sites.
Conclusion
Our study indicates that ATNONBR negatively regulates root and shoot lengths in Arabidopsis thaliana under redox stress conditions, while also exerting a negative influence on its immunity. Additionally, computational analysis predicted its interaction with other proteins and has two cysteine residues as potential targets for S-Nitrosylation.
Association between unhygienic menstrual management practices and prevalence of lower reproductive tract infections in rural community of Kilolo District, Tanzania
Authors: Chilipweli Peter M , Idi Farida , Madelemo Vicent T , Sabuni Paul A , Mwambope Given
Published: October 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to determine whether poor menstrual hygiene practices were associated with common infections of the lower reproductive tract mainly Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and Candida.
Method: Methodology included non-pregnant women of reproductive age (14–45 years) attending the four selected health. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information on: MHM practices and socio-economic and demographic information. Specimens from posterior vaginal fornix were collected using swabs for diagnosis of BV and Candida infection.
Results: The results showed that; A total of 207 women were recruited for the study of whom 37.2 % were diagnosed with the tested lower reproductive tract infections. After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, women diagnosed with RTIs infection were more likely to use reusable absorbent material (P<0.001) and practice lower frequency of personal washing (P=0.004)On multivariate analysis finds point that being not married is associated with a higher likelihood of having an RTI and Changing absorbents only once a day is associated with a higher likelihood of having an RTI.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the study findings highlight the critical role of absorbent changing frequency in the incidence of reproductive tract infections (RTIs). Specifically, changing absorbents only once a day is significantly associated with a higher likelihood of developing an RTI compared to more frequent changes. This underscores the importance of proper hygiene practices in preventing RTIs.
Unravelling Emergence of Chirality in Click-Chemistry Polymers Down to the Single-Chain Level
Authors: Ruggeri Francesco , Li Xuecong , Pujari Sidharam , Gucht Jasper van der , Zuilhof Han
Published: October 2024

Chirality plays a critical role in the structure and function of natural and synthetic polymers, impacting their mechanical, optical, and electronic properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of the hierarchical emergence of chirality from monomers to macromolecular assemblies remains elusive, largely because of current limitations in studying their chemical-structural properties at the nanoscale. Here, we unravel the emergence of different forms of chirality from small molecules to their resulting polymers and supramolecular assemblies. We leverage bulk spectroscopic methods combined with the development of mechanical-acoustical suppressed infrared nanospectroscopy, to empower chemical-structural analysis of single-polymer chains for the first time. This unprecedented sensitivity allows identifying key functional groups as a signature for different forms of chirality: CH groups for central chirality in small molecules; C = O groups for backbone and supramolecular chirality in heterogeneous polymers. This work opens a new single-molecule chemical angle of observation into chirality and polymers for the rational design in materials science, biotechnology, and medicine.
Edge-guided inverse design of digital metamaterials for ultra-high-capacity on-chip multi-dimensional interconnect
Authors: Zhang Junwen , Sun Aolong , Xing Sizhe , Deng Xuyu , Shen Ruoyu , Yan An , Hu Fangchen , Yuan Yuqin , Dong Boyu , Zhao Junhao , Huang Ouhan , Li Ziwei , Shi Jianyang , Zhou Yingjun , Shen Chao , Zhao Yiheng , Hong Bingzhou , Chu Wei , Cai Haiwen , Chi Nan
Published: October 2024

The escalating demands of compute-intensive applications, including artificial intelligence, urgently necessitate the adoption of sophisticated optical on-chip interconnect technologies to overcome critical bottlenecks in scaling future computing systems. This transition requires leveraging the inherent parallelism of wavelength and mode dimensions of light, complemented by high-order modulation formats, to significantly enhance data throughput. Here we experimentally demonstrate a novel synergy of these three dimensions, achieving multi-tens-of-terabits-per-second on-chip interconnects using ultra-broadband, multi-mode digital metamaterials. Employing a highly efficient edge-guided analog-and-digital optimization method, we inversely design foundry-compatible, robust, and multi-port digital metamaterials with an 8×higher computational efficiency. Using a packaged five-mode multiplexing chip, we demonstrate a single-wavelength interconnect capacity of 1.62 Tbit s− 1 and a record-setting multi-dimensional interconnect capacity of 38.2 Tbit s− 1 across 5 modes and 88 wavelength channels. A theoretical analysis suggests that further system optimization can enable on-chip interconnects to reach sub-petabit-per-second data transmission rates. This study highlights the transformative potential of optical interconnect technologies to surmount the constraints of electronic links, thus setting the stage for next-generation datacenter and optical compute interconnects.