bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Channels on Discharge Coefficient of Labyrinth Weirs
Authors: DANESHFARAZ Rasoul , GHADERI Amir , ABRAHAM John , TORABI Mohammadamin
Published: March 2020

In this study, the effect of channel-bed slope and non-prismatic converging channel on the discharge coefficient of labyrinth weirs is numerically investigated utilizing FLOW-3D model. Numerical simulation results show that modifying the labyrinth weir channel through both methods improves the discharge coefficient. Among the selected bed slopes and converging channel wall, the slope of β=4% and angle of θ=10° yielded the highest discharge coefficient. For a ratio HT/P=0.1, (HT: flow height, P: weir height) the discharge coefficient and discharge rate for bed slope and convergence angle case were 19.22%, 23.9% and 22.28%, 25.91% higher than for a conventional labyrinth weir in prismatic channel, respectively. Simultaneous application of a bed slope and convergence angle significantly increases the discharge coefficient and discharge value case were 28.64% and 30.42% higher than compared to the conventional case. Therefore, changing the bed slope and wall angle of the weir channel increases the discharge coefficient and in this type of weir and these design alterations should be considered in weir design.
THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGIOSITY ON INCOME AND PROSPERITY: THE INDONESIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Khoirul Anwar Moch. , Fahrullah A’rasy , Ajib Ridlwan Ahmad , Hasan Muzaki Muhammad , Canggih Clarashinta , Kautsar Achmad
Published: March 2020

Purpose of Study: Based on the Syari'ah of Islam, prosperity should equalize material and spiritual aspects. It aims to create benefits for people in their life and hereafter. Prosperity is attained when people meet the purpose of syari’ah (i.e., maqashid Syariah). Maqashid Syariah involves the maintenance of religion, soul, mind, posterity, and wealth. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the influence of Islamic religiosity on income and prosperity.

Methodology: The explanatory method was employed to know the effect among variables. Islamic prosperity was classified into an endogenous variable, while religiosity, income, and social factor were classified into the exogenous variable. The primary data analysis was collected through the interview by delivering a questionnaire to the respondents. The respondents of this study were the 85 lecturers and academic relatives of Universitas Negeri Surabaya that selected by the Structured Equation Model (SEM) sample selection method while PLS employs the analysis of data in SEM.

Main Findings: The result found that Islamic religiosity brought impacts on Islamic income and prosperity. Islamic religiosity also brought direct impacts on Islamic prosperity. Nevertheless, Islamic income was not a mediating variable between religiosity and Islamic prosperity.

Applications of this study: The finding of the study might assist financial planners and government/policymakers in identifying the drivers of people’s prosperity and how to create the product, service of the platform that meets the Muslim needs as the majority of the population in Indonesia.

Novelty/originality: While other studies focused on the impact of Islamic religiosity on the specific financial asset, such as Islamic bank accounts or insurance, the present study explores the impact of Islamic religiosity dimension on the increase in income and prosperity in a broader perspective.
IMPACT OF CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICES QUALITY: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF EMPLOYEES SATISFACTION
Authors: Ghazi Mahafzah Ahmed , Mohammad Aljawarneh Nader , Abdel Kader Alomari Khaled , Altahat Shadi , Saleh Alomari Ziyad
Published: March 2020

Purpose of the study: This study is carried out to investigate the mediating role of employee satisfaction in the relationship between customer relationship management and food and beverage services quality in the 5-stars hotels in Jordan.

Methodology: The survey method was used, which includes the use of the field method for collecting data from 5-stars hotels in Jordan, which employees numbered 9,657 and the number of 5-stars hotels is 33in Amman, 352 were effective for analysis and after analyzing the data using the statistical program AMOS.

Main Findings: The most important findings were as follows: There is a significant impact of employee satisfaction on the relationship between customer relationship management and food and beverage services quality.

Applications of this study: This study comes out to help hotel managers understand the impact of their actions on the ES in their hotels to raise the efficiency of the services provided in the field of FBSQ and to recommended researchers to do more studies in the field of food and beverage and link them in the behavior of employees and customer, which is a result of hotels profit, and also entertains them to the return on the local economy.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Food and beverages services are one of the essential services which business managers should consider if they have to retain their customers and improve the image of their business so this study came out to investigate the mediate role of employee’s satisfaction in the relationship between customer relationship management and food and beverage services quality in the 5-stars hotels.
Chorowanie na starość. Interpretacyjna analiza fenomenologiczna doświadczenia bólu psychicznego w relacjach społecznych kobiet w wieku senioralnym dotkniętych depresją i chorobą afektywną dwubiegunową
Authors: Bańbura Anna , Kowara Katarzyna , Opoczyńska-Morasiewicz Małgorzata
Published: March 2020

Starzenie się jest etapem widzianym przez wielu jako moment dopełnienia, w którym możliwe jest spokojne cieszenie się pozostałym czasem. Jest to zarazem okres, w którym dochodzi do kulminacji utrat (ważnych osób, aktywności zawodowej, zdrowia) mogących doprowadzić do znacznego pogorszenia psychospołecznego funkcjonowania, manifestującego się niekiedy jako depresja. Celem badania było zrozumienie doświadczenia bólu psychicznego przeżywanego przez kobiety w wieku senioralnym, które mierzą się zarówno z zadaniami właściwymi dla okresu starości, jak i kliniczną depresją. Drugim celem było zrozumienie tego, jakie znaczenie dla procesu zdrowienia lub przeciwnie – pogłębiania się stanu choroby – mają relacje społeczne.  Przeprowadziłyśmy pogłębione wywiady indywidualne z trzema kobietami w wieku senioralnym; każda z nich w przeszłości zaznała wielu utrat, a obecnie boryka się z psychicznymi zaburzeniami pod postacią depresji w przebiegu choroby afektywnej dwubiegunowej. Treść wywiadów poddałyśmy interpretacyjnej analizie fenomenologicznej.  Na podstawie analizy wyodrębniłyśmy trzy aspekty relacji badanych z otaczającym światem. Pierwszy obejmuje utraty, wobec których stają kobiety – śmierć bliskich osób, zakończenie pracy zawodowej, spadek sprawności. Kolejny dotyczy poczucia wyobcowania w obszarach, które są nadal dostępne, potęgowanego przez brak zrozumienia ze strony bliskich osób (zaprzeczanie cierpieniu, naleganie na szybką poprawę). Trzeci aspekt odnosi się do wspierających i dających nadzieję zachowań otaczających osób (uznawanie cierpienia, dawanie czasu na zdrowienie, okazywanie cierpliwości). Na koniec podjęłyśmy refleksję nad uwarunkowaniami zachowań bliskich wobec starszych osób dotkniętych depresją.
Designing Selection Criteria by Using Association Studies and Estimation of Genetic Diversity in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Germplasm
Authors: Bhatt Bhawana . , Raghav Manoj . , Prathapan K . , Singh Anita . , Jeena A. S. , Agrawal Sanjeev . , Bhardwa S. B
Published: March 2020

An investigation consisting of 36 fenugreek genotypes and one check (Pusa Early Bunching) was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications at Pantnagar Centre for Plant Genetic Resources (PCPGR) of the G.B.P.U.A and T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during rabi season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 and observations were recorded on sixteen different traits. The traits viz., number of pods per plant, thousand seed weight and leaf yield per plant exhibited high direct effects on seed yield per plant along with significant positive correlation indicating that these traits can be used as most important selection criteria for seed yield improvement. The diversity analysis leads to formation of nine different clusters and maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster IV (21.07) while highest inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster VII and IV (46.07). These clusters actually represent the different heterotic pools and genotypes from diverse pools can be crossed to obtain heterosis and transgressive segregants.
CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF AIDS-ASSOCIATED CRYPTOCOCCOSIS: DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Konkova-Reidman Alyona Borisovna , Veksei A. A. , Smirnova N. V. , Pischulova O. A.
Published: March 2020

Introduction Currently, cryptococcosis is among the three most life-threatening opportunistic infections in AIDS patients. Materials and methods. The analysis of cases of cryptococcosis in HIV-infected patients in the world, the Russian Federation and the Chelyabinsk region using the methods of descriptive and analytical epidemiology. Two clinical cases of verified cryptococcosis were analyzed in detail in patients in the phase of HIV infection progression in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Results. The manifestation of the disease was observed in the phase of progression of HIV infection in the absence of antiretroviral therapy with low immune status of patients (CD4 + lymphocyte level less than 100 cells in 1 μl of blood). The diagnosis is verified on the basis of a complex of clinical, instrumental, biochemical, immunological and mycological methods. Successful courses of treatment with antifungal drugs: amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole. Conclusions. The definition of cryptococcal antigen is not a method for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment due to its long-term persistence in CSF and serum, even with successful treatment. Prescribing antiretroviral therapy significantly increases the effectiveness of cryptococcosis treatment. In AIDS patients, antifungal therapy is stopped only after effective for 3-6 months ART (the number of CD4 + lymphocytes in the blood is more than 100-200 cells/μl).
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RISK: SYSTEMATIZATION OF TYPES AND THEIR ESTIMATED CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Savilov Eugeniy D. , Shugaeva S. N.
Published: March 2020

At present, the category “risk” becomes one of the main paradigms of epidemiology. A large number of applied studies on the specific characteristics of risk factors for individual nosological forms of the infectious and noninfectious morbidity have been published. At the same time, there is a minimum of publications of a general pattern concerning the theoretical basis for the application of this epidemiological category. The lack of integral classification system is one of “gaps” in epidemiology. In connection with this, the purpose of the submitted report is the theoretical systematization of types of epidemiological risk and presentation of their estimated characteristics. Authors systematized main types of epidemiological risk which are widely used in population and clinical studies. In this report estimated characteristics for each of separate types of epidemiological risk for use are provided in population studies.
IMPACT OF TUBERCULOSIS AND ANTITUBERCULOUS CHEMOTHERAPY ON LIPID COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD PLASMA
Authors: Riasensii Dmitri Sergeevich , Grishkina N. A. , Aseev A. V.
Published: March 2020

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by tuberculosis mycobacteria of human or bovine types and is characterized by multiple organs failure and chronic recurrent course. The blood plasma lipid spectrum state is one of the antituberculous chemotherapy toxic effect markers. The important role of the ratio of various fractions of general and blood phospholipids for the evaluation of the state of the organism in infectious pathology is proved. The purpose of this work is to study the features of the lipid spectrum of blood plasma in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis prior to treatment and at the end of the intensive phase of antituberculous chemotherapy. Three hundred and eight young and middle-aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined. The lipid and phospholipid spectrum of blood was determined prior to initiating the antituberculous chemotherapy and after the end of the intensive phase. The absolute content of general lipids and total phospholipids of blood plasma, as well as all their fractions, in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were higher than in healthy volunteers. In this regard, the representation of the lipid spectrum in absolute units does not reflect all the features of lipid metabolism disruption, which is primarily manifested in the plasma lipids main classes ratio violation. It is shown that the spectrum of lipid and phospholipid composition of blood plasma in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis differs significantly from the spectrum in healthy people. Antituberculous chemotherapy with bactericidal and bacteriostatic action comes with normalization of a number of lipid metabolism indicators such as free fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol esters and phosphatidylserine. However, such indicators as total phospholipids, free cholesterol and lysophospholipids show negative dynamics, which is probably caused by the antituberculous drug’s effect.
MULTI-FACTOR SIMULATION MODELING IN THE SHORT-AND LONG-TERM PROGNOSIS OF MEASLES INCIDENCE
Authors: Platonova Tatyana A. , Golubkova A. A. , Obabkov V. N. , Kolesnikova S. Yu. , Smirnova S. S.
Published: March 2020

The widespread increase in morbidity and the registration of major measles outbreaks in recent years require the development of new technologies to control the infection. Technologies should be based on the prognosis of morbidity. The aim of the study was to predict the development of the situation in the near and long term in order to determine the adequate technologies of infection control in the metropolis at the stage of its elimination on the basis of a mathematical simulation of the epidemic process of measles. Materials and methods. A simulation model to forecast the incidence of measles was developed using special software AnyLogic Professional 7.0. The model included the main determinants of the epidemic process, established by the results of their own research and literature data. The results of the epidemic process modeling were uploaded to the database. Further work was carried out in the database management system Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio. Analysis and graphical processing of the results are performed using comprehensive software for business intelligence Power BI. Results. It is established that at low (50-60%) coverage of vaccinations of children in the decreed ages and the population as a whole, the probability of measles outbreaks is high both in the short and long term. The increase in vaccination coverage to 90-95% leads to an increase in the period of epidemic well-being, but the likelihood of an outbreak remains. With revaccination every 10 years, at least 60% of the population remains stable for 30 years and the spread of infection does not occur. With the coverage of revaccinating vaccinations 80% of the population-the epidemiological situation remains stable for 50 years. Conclusion. The simulation model of measles morbidity forecast for the near and long term, built with the main determinants of the epidemic process, allows us to predict the development of the epidemic situation in the territory of a large industrial city. Also, the model allows to determine the priority areas for the elimination of measles infection, namely: strict control of the timeliness and completeness of vaccination coverage of children in the decreed age (at least 95%) and maintaining a high immune layer of the population as a whole, which can be provided during the planned revaccination against measles every 10 years.
CASES OF LEPTOSPIROSIS FOLLOWING INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL
Authors: Sayfullin Ruslan Faritovich , Zvereva N. N. , Karan L. S. , Petrov E. M. , Bazarova M. V. , Sayfullin M. A.
Published: March 2020

We present an analysis of 28 leptospirosis cases, associated with abroad traveling, and registered from 2011 to 2017 years. The relative ratio of leptospirosis with other imported infectious diseases is shown, and clinical and epidemiological features of imported leptospirosis cases were described
PROFESSOR NIL FEDOROVICH FILATOV (1847 - 1902) - PEDIATRIC-INNOVATOR, CLINICIAN AND TEACHERS (TO THE 170TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTHDAY)
Authors: Morgoshiia T. Sh.
Published: March 2020

The article contains the main milestones of life and career of professor Filatov. It was noted that during 25 years of scientific and teaching activity N.F. Filatov has made a significant contribution to the development of world Pediatrics. He is the author of over 70 scientific works, including “a Short textbook of pediatric diseases” (1893), aged 12 editions, and “Clinical lectures” (1900). His monograph “Lectures on acute infectious diseases” (1885) through 4 editions, “Semiotics and diagnosis of childhood diseases” (1890) - 9 editions, it is translated into German, Czech, Italian, Hungarian and French. In the monographs and manuals N.F. Filatov studied many of pokoleniya-pediatricians. He described the infectious disease named Filatov scarlatinal rubella. She was later described by the British physician Duxom; one of the presently used names of the disease - a disease Filatov-Dukes. In the first edition of “Lectures on infectious diseases” N.F. Filatov described is not known until the time of infectious mononucleosis, which he called idiopathic inflammation of the cervical lymphatic glands. The disease is now often called a disease Filatov. In 1895 N. F. Filatov, described an important diagnostic sign of measles is the appearance of catarrhal period of illness 1 - 2 days before appearance of rash spot grayish-white lesions on the mucosa of lips and cheeks. As was established later, this sign was first described by A.P. Belsky in 1890, then regardless of him. F. Filatov, and in 1896 Aplicom. In the literature, this symptom is known as spots Belsky-Filatova-Koplik. N.F. Filatov described the pathogenesis of some forms of edema syndrome in children, published works on prolonged afebrile forms of the flu. N. F. Filatov developed a clinical-physiological direction in Pediatrics. He created a large school of domestic pediatricians. Among his students were V.I. Molchanov and G.N. Speransky.
Improving Theory of Mind Skills in Down Syndrome? A Pilot Study
Authors: Comblain Annick , Schmetz Coraline
Published: March 2020

Effective communication requires an understanding of the interlocutor's perspective. Being able to infer someone else's knowledge about a situation is a critical skill in any communication and social interaction. These abilities are part of Theory of Mind (ToM) skills and are known to be impaired in Down syndrome (DS). It therefore makes sense to investigate ToM development in this population. In our pilot study, we explore the possibility of improving ToM abilities in participants with DS and typically developing (TD) children matched for nonverbal mental age. Participants were assessed with the French adaptation of the “ToM Inventory” before and after a 10-week training session. Results show that trained groups perform significantly better on ToM tasks than untrained groups, whose performances remain stable between pre- and post-test. These results are encouraging as they suggest that, with a specific training, children with DS can improve their ToM skills.
Implementing Health Policy Initiatives: An Effective Breastfeeding Teaching Strategy for Prelicensure Nursing Students
Authors: Folker-Maglaya Catherine , Pylman Maureen E. , Marzalik Penny R.
Published: March 2020

Background

Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is recommended by all health professional organizations. However, women cite lack of support from health professionals as a barrier to breastfeeding. Foundational nursing education does not prepare students (future nurses) to support breastfeeding women. Therefore, an evidence-based breastfeeding curriculum “toolkit” supporting health policy was developed and implemented.

Objective

The study was performed to determine the effectiveness of the toolkit education compared with standard education in an associate degree nursing program.

Methods

A pretest–posttest survey design with intervention and comparison groups was used. Students (N= 102) completed pre- and posttests. A 15-item survey derived from Marzalik's (2004) instrument was used to measure nursing student knowledge about breastfeeding.

Results

The mean number of pretest questions correct were statistically the same for the control and intervention groups. Both groups showed growth in their posttest scores, however the intervention group scored significantly higher on the posttest (intervention mean = 12.34, control mean = 10.73,tvalue (100df) = −4.12,p< .0001).

Conclusion

The toolkit provides a curriculum that demonstrated enhanced student learning about breastfeeding.

Implications for Nursing

Use of a reliable intervention like this breastfeeding toolkit is essential in the development of nurses who can provide effective breastfeeding support.
Validity of russian science policy’s instruments: what the world’s experience says?
Authors: Tambovtsev Vitaly L.
Published: March 2020

Basing on the analysis of large number of studies revealing the mainstream science policy’s consequences the paper shows that Russian state science policy includes the instruments preventing achieving the pronounced goals. It is established that at least following components are scientifically groundless: chosen mechanisms for increase public accountability of science; intentions to apply competitive research funding ubiquitously; tendency to concentrate research at the universities, and perform it mainly by efforts of professors; trend to amalgamate research organizations. The results of empiric research from different countries shows that in reality society’s accountability is bureaucrats’ accountability. Competitive research funding decrease probability of innovative researches that are far from mainstreams. Coercion of all academics to publish research papers especially in high-sited journals decrease time for increase lectures quality. Amalgamation of research organizations increase co-ordination costs, and not results to higher value scientific results.
The review of changes in the Russian science and technology legislation from October to December 2019
Authors: Vok Milena G.
Published: March 2020

This article reviews Russian legislation in science and innovation field adopted between
October and December 2019. It is divided into the following topics:
• science, technology and innovation policies;
• integration of science and education;
• intellectual property rights in science and innovation.
One of the noteworthy elements in the implementation of the country’s innovation policy is the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 490 dated 10.10.2019 “On the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation” and the National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence adopted in the country, which are aimed at ensuring the accelerated development of artificial intelligence in Russian Federation, conducting research in the field of artificial intelligence, and increasing the availability of information and computing resources for users. It is also planned to create two research and technology centers: Sirius and Mendeleev Valley in accordance with the Decree No. 1805 of 24.12.2019 and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1428 of 08.11.2019. Their adoption is Abstract. the attractiveness of research field, expanding the access of citizens and legal entities to participate in promising scientific and engineering projects. Another important event is the ratification of the agreement between the Government of Russia and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) on scientific and technological cooperation by Federal Law No. 366 of 12.11.2019. The agreement should contribute to the development of scientific and technological cooperation between the parties in areas of mutual strategic interest. Cooperation is conducted in the form of provision of human resources, information, know-how, equipment, materials, services, funds or any combination thereof. The documents were adopted in the forms of federal laws and subordinate acts, particularly, in the form of presidential decrees, government resolutions and ministerial decrees.
Market, science and higher education in American universities. Review of R Geiger’s book “Knowledge and money”
Authors: Sokolov Dmitry V.
Published: March 2020

The article considers the problem of the influence of market principles on the fields of science and higher education on a material provided by the United States’ experience in
the commercialization of education, which is reflected in R. Geiger’s book “Knowledge and Money”. Geiger emphasizes that the extension of market principles to the academia leads to paradoxical results: increased funding and the quality of the student audience while reducing the enlightening and cultural functions of the university. The book sequentially explores the main aspects of this paradox, as well as its historical dynamics and the causes of it. The concluding part of the article briefly substantiates the relevance of the research conducted in the book in the Russian context of educational reforms, which include a significant expansion of the commercial sector in universities.
ANALISIS USABILITY SISTEM INFORMASI LAYANAN MANDIRI DI PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
Authors: Pratiwi Kurniasih Yuni , Suprihatin Suprihatin
Published: March 2020

Information Technology makes things easier, the existence of a library in an institution of higher education is very important needed by all academicians, to realize a digital library and library services that are ideal for users is not an easy job. The Brawijaya University library has implemented a book lending independent service and book extensions for its visitors, so that users can feel comfortable and satisfied when utilizing the services available in the library. The independent service system in UB's Library as a form of transformation of the university library in improving the ideal service for visitors.

The purpose of this study was to determine the usability analysis of independent service information systems in the Brawijaya University Library. This research is a quantitative descriptive study, using the theory of usability to determine the evaluation of self-service systems, the method used is a survey with a sample of 100 students. Hypothesis testing and data processing in this study using Partial LeastSquares(PLS).

The results of this study indicate that there are 4 hypotheses that have been empirically proven to affect the usability of independent services in the Brawijaya University Library, namely the variables of Learnability, Efficiency, Memorability, Satisfaction (user satisfaction). 1 hypothesis is empirically proven to have no effect, namely the Few error variable (some errors), so that the UB library should innovate to improve services to users by submitting a mobile android based book loan application design. The intended application is intended so that the library user can borrow books independently only with the smartphone the user has.
Identifikasi Awal Perbedaan Karakter Morfofisiologi Antar Empat Kultivar Kopi Arabika
Authors: Dani Dani , Rokhmah Dewi Nur , Pranowo Dibyo
Published: March 2020

Arabica coffee is a perennial crop hence it has a long selection cycle.  Therefore, efforts to shorten the selection process is necessary, such as at seedling stage.  This study aims to identify morpho-physiological characters variability among Arabica coffee cultivars at seedling stage. The experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Garden of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from January to October 2017. Seeds collected from open pollinated trees of four arabica coffee cultivars (Ateng Super, P88, Gayo 1, and Gayo 2) were then sown on seedbed and newly-emerged cotyledonous seedlings were transferred immediately into polyethylene bag (polybag). Seedlings were arranged in randomized complete block with 5 replications, each consisted of 10 seedlings of each cultivar. Morpho-physiological characters observed and analyzed were shoot (plant height, lateral shoot formation, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, shoot’s dry weight); leaves (number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, L/W ratio, leaf area, stomata density , chlorophyll content); and root (root length, number of primary roots, root volume, root’s dry weight, root/shoot ratio). The result showed value of genetic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), and broad sense heritability (h2bs) of plant height characters are classified as high, each of which is 21.66%; 23.66%; and 0.84, respectively. The characters of the stem length and leaf width showed high h2bs value (0.97 and 0.67 respectively), while the KKG and KKF values were classified as moderate (19.60% and 19.88%, respectively and 10.71% and 13.10%, respectively). Those three characters could be utilized as distincitive markers of the four Arabica coffee cultivars.
Penentuan Karakter Tanaman Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Hasil Kemiri [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.]
Authors: Tresniawati Cici , Izzah Nur Kholilatul , Wicaksono Ilham Nur Ardhi , Sulistyorini Indah , Wardiana Edi
Published: March 2020

Candlenut [Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.] is a perrenial plant that has high economic value. Information about vegetative and generative characters, as well as yield components that influence the yield is needed in the early stages of selection process in plant breeding. Selection of these characters can be done using Sequential Path Analysis (SPA) according to the plant development cycle, and then confirm the model using the Structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The aim of this study was to determine the vegetative characters and yield components that influence the candlenut production. The research was carried out at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from January to December 2018. Plant materials used in this study was 129 candlenut trees at 9 years old which were planted with a spacing of 10m x 10m. The data were analyzed using SPA followed by model confirmation using SEM method. The results showed that the production of seed was directly and positively influenced by the leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, seed weight, and number of fruits per tree, while the effect of stem height character is indirectly. Based on these results, plant selection based on vegetative characters such as leaf petiole length, number of productive branches, stem height character, number of fruits per tree and seed weight can be used to obtain high-yielding candlenut plants.
Creating Effective Rural Policies: Rural Lenses and Their Effectiveness
Authors: Louis Helps
Published: March 2020

As part of an international trend in regional policy development towards “mainstreaming” rural issues, multiple national and regional governments have created policy lenses designed to ensure that legislation is formed with the needs of rural areas taken into account. Despite a relative lack of academic research on the effectiveness of rural lenses, the idea has been imported to multiple jurisdictions, including several Canadian provinces. This presentation will offer a comparative overview of rural lenses in jurisdictions in Europe and North America in order to achieve a better understanding of their commonalities and divergences in methods, circumstances, and effectiveness. The presentation will make use of a review of the government and academic literature conducted for an upcoming working paper by Louis Helps and Dr. Ryan Gibson. This research is the foundation of a larger project that will seek to understand the feasibility of implementing rural lenses at the provincial level in Canada.
Exchanging Locally Informed Recreational Trail Development Practices to Build a Better Trans Canada Trail
Authors: Timothy Hunting
Published: March 2020

The Trans Canada Trail is the world’s largest recreational trail network, spanning 24,000 km and connecting 15,000 diverse communities across Canada from coast, to coast, to coast. The research currently being undertaken is to investigate both barriers and solutions for best planning practices pertaining to recreational trail networks and, specifically, for the TCT. Using mixed methods of both semi-structured interviews and recurring surveys, the methodology of this research project pairs together key-informants from communities of both similar and diverse characteristics and provides them with a participatory outlet for knowledge sharing to occur. Applications of this research project has the potential to create synergies between various stakeholders and interest groups, such as active transportation coalitions, economic development practitioners, and conservation authorities. In rural Ontario, where safety and accessibility to the TCT is dramatically far from being consistent, research findings may have particular salience
Characterization of Heliothis Virescens Ascovirus 3h orf21 that Encodes a Virion Protein
Authors: Zhao Ying , Yu Huan , Li Ni , Huang GuoHua
Published: March 2020

Homologues of Heliothis virescens ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) orf21 are found in 9 completely sequenced members of the ascoviruses, but so far their functions are unknown. Here, orf21 (3h-21) was cloned in-frame into a pET-28a bacterial expression vector. The fusion protein produced by this construct was used for the preparation of a polyclonal antiserum. RT-PCR analysis showed a single transcript of 3h-21 of approximately 0.7kb was transcribed beginning at 24h post-infection in infected Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Western blot analysis of extracts from HvAv-3h-infected Helicoverpa armigera larvae detected a 25.6 kDa protein late in infection. This antiserum also reacted with a 25.6 kDa protein in purified virions of HvAv-3h. The protein was not extensively modified post-translation. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that the 3H-21 is associated with the structure of HvAV-3h virions.
An Analysis of The Relationship between The Maxillary Molars and The maxillary sinus floor in Adult Patient Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Li Lin , Fu Yifan , Huang Shihui , Lai Ziya , Ge Jianping
Published: March 2020

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the anatomical relationship between the maxillary molars and the maxillary sinus by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods A database of maxillary molars were obtained from 91 adult patients by means of images of CBCT. The internal angle, the alveolar bone width, and the distance between root apex and the wall of maxillary sinus were measured by CBCT. The vertical relationship between the maxillary molars and the maxillary sinus were analysed. Vertical relationship of the maxillary sinus was further evaluated. Results The value of the internal angle of maxillary third molar is 17.2 ± 11.5°. The width of the alveolar bone of third molar is 8.2 ± 1.7mm. Type III, IV and V were the most common relationship in the first and second molars. Type V and I were most frequently observed in the first and second molars. The inner angle of the second molar is larger than that of the first molar. The maxillary first molar had the smallest mean alveolar bone width, and the third molar had the largest average. Conclusion This study will provide reference for clinical practice, especially for root canal treatment and tooth implants.
BCG induced neutrophil extracellular traps formation and its regulatory mechanism
Authors: Sun Erlin , Liu Kangkang , Lei Mingde , Wang Lining , Nian Xuewu , Li Limin , Gao Jingda
Published: March 2020

Background Intravesical BCG is one of the most effective immunotherapies for bladder cancer. Our previous study showed that BCG induces the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which play an important role in bladder tumor treatment. To identify how BCG-induced NETs formation, we examined NETs formation induced by BCG in vitro and in a mouse model, then analyzed the effects of NETs on BCG and the relevant regulatory mechanism. Methods The formation of NETs was visualized using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). NETs quantitation was evaluated by the strength of extracellular DNA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NETs formation were determined by co-culturing with inhibitors of ROS, NADPH oxidase, and relevant pathways. FITC–labeled BCG was used to observe capturing by NETs. Finally, NETs formation was observed in mouse urine and subcutaneous tumors after BCG perfusion. Results BCG induced in vitro NETs formation in a time-dependent fashion, as well as urine and subcutaneous tumors in mice, which was inhibited by pretreatment with DNase I and protease. Interestingly, BCG was trapped but not killed in vitro by NETs, which was different from the effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, ROS was required for BCG-induced NETs formation, which was regulated by star pathways, such as the MEK, p38, PI3K, and PKC pathways. Conclusions By exploring how BCG induced the formation of NETs and the regulatory mechanism, we conclude that a novel immune reaction involving neutrophils exists in the early stages of BCG treatment.
Prevalence and determinants of modern contraceptive utilization among rural lactating mothers: Findings from the primary health care project in two northwest Ethiopian districts
Authors: Derso Terefe , Biks Gashaw Andargie , Yitayal Mezgebu , Ayele Tadesse Awoke , Alemu Kassahun , Debalkie Getu , Fekadu Hailab , Dellie Endalkachew , Azale Telake , Misganaw Bisrat , Kebede Adane , Fetene Destaw , G/medhin Tsegaye , Atnafu Asmamaw
Published: March 2020

Background: Contraceptive utilization is a guarantee to avert unwanted pregnancies. In Ethiopia however, more than half of the rural women have shorter birth intervals. Consequently, 17% and 8% of the births have been either mistimed (wanted at later date) or unwanted, respectively. Therefore, this study investigated modern contraceptive utilization and its predictors among rural lactating women. Methods: A community based-cross-sectional study was conducted from May 01 to June 29, 2019, in Dabat and Gondar zuria districts, northwest Ethiopia. Data from 603 lactating mother were collected through face to face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were fitted to identify the independent predictors of modern contraceptive utilization. Results: The overall prevalence of modern contraceptive (MC) utilization rate was 45.8% [95% CI: 38.01, 53.59]. The contraceptive method mix was dominated by Depo-Provera (39.8%) followed by implants (4.8%). The odds of utilization of contraceptive were 5.58 times higher among mothers of children with fully immunized [AOR=5.58, 95% CI: 3.45, 9.01] compared to mothers whose children were vaccinated partially or not at all. Mothers who received antenatal [AOR= 1.74, 95% CI: 1.13, 4.43] and postnatal care [AOR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.91) were 1.74 and 2.02 folds more likely to utilize modern contraceptives than mothers who did not receive such care, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization in this study area was lower than the planed national target. In the region, child immunization service is one of the promising platforms for reaching lactating mothers with modern contraceptive utilization. Our findings suggest that antenatal and postnatal care visits are the other key determinants of modern contraceptive utilization. Thus, in low-resource settings like ours, the health system approaches to improved antenatal and, postnatal care and child immunization services should be intensified with more effective advice on modern contraceptive utilization to reduce unwanted pregnancies. Key words: Contraceptive utilization, postnatal care, Child immunization
Luteal blood flow as a predictive factor for methotrexate treatment outcomes in women with unruptured tubal pregnancy
Authors: Wang Li , Pei Meili , Yang Ting , Zhao Juan , Yang Xiaofeng
Published: March 2020

Background: Blood flow in the corpus luteum is associated with luteal function. However, the impact of luteal blood flow on methotrexate (MTX) treatment in women with unruptured tubal pregnancy has not been reported. The aim of the present study was to observe the impact of luteal blood flow on the therapeutic effect of MTX in women with unruptured tubal pregnancy. Methods: A prospective observational study recruited 129 women with unruptured tubal pregnancy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from September 2016 to June 2018. One hundred and fifteen women were treated successfully with MTX, and women were divided into 2 groups according to luteal blood flow: the poor luteal blood flow group and the abundant luteal blood flow group. The therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results: Women in the abundant luteal blood flow group had a significantly higher serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) level 4 days, 1 week and 2 weeks after MTX treatment compared with women in the poor luteal blood flow group ( P <0.05). The average diameter of the ectopic mass 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after MTX treatment in women with abundant luteal blood flow was significantly larger ( P <0.05), and the time of serum β-hCG clearance and ectopic mass disappearance were significantly longer compared with those in women in the poor luteal blood flow group ( P <0.05). Conclusions: Luteal blood flow might be a predictive factor for MTX treatment outcomes in women with unruptured tubal pregnancy, and those with abundant luteal blood flow need a longer recovery time.
Inhibition of Carrageenan-induced Dental Inflammatory Responses Owing to Decreased TRPV1 Activity by Dexmedetomidine
Authors: Lu Gang , Zhu Guanhua , Xu Maohua , Ping Xinggao , Xiao Qingfeng
Published: March 2020

Background Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a highly selective agonist of the α2 adrenergic receptor and a common sedative; however, its anti-inflammatory effect has been studied. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Dex on inflammation in dental pulp cells was assessed. For this, the effect of Dex on inflammation induced by carrageenan (Car) in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) was evaluated. Car incubation induced a robust inflammatory response in hDPCs as well as activation of PKA–STAT3 and PKC–nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Results Dex reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of PKA, PKC, STAT3, and NF-κB as well as the nuclear accumulation of STAT3 and NF-κB were significantly increased in Dex-treated Car-induced hDPCs. Western blotting results also showed that the phosphorylation level of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) was downregulated as a result of Dex treatment. Furthermore, we found that administration of the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin (Cap) reversed the effects of Dex on proinflammatory cytokines; however, the expression and activation of PKA–STAT3 and PKC–NF-κB signals were not altered owing to Cap administration. Conclusions These results indicate that Dex plays a defensive role in dental pulp inflammation by regulating the TRPV1 channel and can be used as a potential target for human dental pulp inflammation intervention.
Influence of China’s 2009 healthcare reform on the utilisation of continuum of care for maternal health services: Evidence from two cross-sectional household surveys in Shaanxi Province
Authors: Fan Xiaojing , Kumar Meghan Bruce , Zhou Zhongliang , Lee Ching-Hung , Wang Duolao , Liu Haixia , Dang Shaonong , Gao Jianmin
Published: March 2020

Background: Continuum of care for maternal health services (CMHS) is a proven approach to improve health and safety for mothers and newborns. This study aims to explore the influence of China’s 2009 healthcare reform on improving the CMHS utilisation. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional quantitative study included 2332 women drawn from the fourth and fifth National Health Service Surveys of Shaanxi Province, conducted in 2008 and 2013 respectively, before and after China’s 2009 healthcare reform. A generalised linear mixed model (GLMM) was applied to analyse the influence of this healthcare reform on utilisation of CMHS. Concentration curves, concentration indexes and its decomposition method were used to analyse the equity of changes in utilisation. Results: This study showed post-reform CMHS utilisation was higher in both rural and urban women than the CMHS utilisation pre-reform (according to China’s policy defining CMHS). The rate of CMHS utilisation increased from 24.66% to 41.55% for urban women and from 18.31% to 50.49% for rural women (urban: χ 2 =20.64, P<0.001; rural: χ 2 =131.38, P<0.001). This finding is consistent when the WHO’s definition of CMHS is applied for rural women after reform (12.13% vs 19.26%; χ 2 =10.99, P=0.001); for urban women, CMHS utilisation increased from 15.70% to 20.56% (χ 2 =2.57, P=0.109). The GLMM showed that the rate of CMHS utilisation for urban women post-reform was five times higher than pre-reform rates (OR=5.02, 95%CL: 1.90, 13.31); it was close to 15 times higher for rural women (OR=14.70, 95%CL: 5.43, 39.76). The concentration index for urban women decreased from 0.130 pre-reform (95%CI: -0.026, 0.411) to -0.041 post-reform (95%CI: -0.096, 0.007); it decreased from 0.104 (95%CI: -0.012, 0.222) to 0.019 (95%CI: -0.014, 0.060) for rural women. The horizontal inequity index for both groups of women also decreased (0.136 to -0.047 urban and 0.111 to 0.019 for rural). Conclusions: China’s 2009 healthcare reform has positively influenced utilisation rates and equity of CMHS’s utilisation among both urban and rural women in Shaanxi Province. Addressing economic and educational attainment gaps between the rich and the poor may be effective ways to improve the persistent health inequities for rural women. Keywords: Healthcare Reform; Continuum of care for Maternal Health Services; Equity; National Health Service Surveys; China