bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LAMA KERJA TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA PEKERJA YANG TERPAPAR ASAP KENDARAHAN BERMOTOR
Authors: INDWEK DEIIIN D
Published: July 2022

Kendaraan bermotor  merupakan penyebab utama polusi udarah di perkotaan.Hal ini menyebabakan para pekerja memiliki resiko tinggi terpapar karbon monoksida (CO), nitrogen oksida (NOx), hidrokarbon (HC), Sulfur dioksida (SO2), timbal  (Pb) dan karbon dioksida (CO) yang terdapat pada asap kendaraan bermotor. Zat toksin tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kadar  Hb sebab Kadar Hb berfungsi mengantar oksigen ke seluruh tubuh dimana Zat  yang terdapat pada asap kendaraan bermotor terhirup masuk melaluhi nasal passages, pharynx, lariynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli. di alveoli terjadi pertukaran gas   dengan darah untuk berikatan dengan Hb kemudian didistribusikan ke seluruh tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetauhi  pengaruh lama kerja terhadap kadar Hb pada pekerja yang terpapar asap kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Studi literature dengan disintesis menggunakan metode naratif. Kriteria artikel/jurnal yang digunakan adalah yang diterbitkan tahun 2015-2020 dan artikel/jurnal ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan mesin pencari seperti Scient Direct, e-resorces, proquest dan Scholar.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa  zat yang terdapat pada asap kendaraan bermotor memiliki  pengaruh terhadap kadar Hb dan semakin lama terpapar degan lama kerja  3 tahun dengan masa kerja 3-9 jam/hari beresiko tinggi mengalami penuruna kadar Hb hasil penelitian menurut 16 jurnal yang telah direview.  Diharapkan penggunaan APD (Masker) bagai pekerja yang beresiko terpapar asap kendaraan bermotor dalam waktu lama.
PENGARUH APLIKASI BERBASIS ANDROID AYO DEDIS UNTUK PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN GIZI SEIMBANG TERHADAP STUNTING PADA IBU HAMIL
Authors: SEKARWATI LENA
Published: July 2022

Abstrak

Sekarwati, Lena. 2021. The Effect of Android-Based Ayo Dedis Application on Increasing Knowledge of Balanced Nutrition on Stunting in Pregnant Women During a Pandemic in the Work Area of Karangploso Health Center, Malang Regency. Thesis. Nursing Study Program of Widyagama Husada School of Health. Advisors: (1) Frengki Apryanto, S.Kep., Ners., M.Kep. (2) Rosly Zunaedi, S.Kep., Ners., M.Kep.

 

Background: Stunting may occur in mother who are too young, too old, having many birth record and short birth interval. Today is an era where everyone uses social media to interact and find information. Therefore researchers are interested in conducting research using android-based applications for prevention and early detection of pregnant women in order to reduce stunting rates and get enough information with gadgets.

 

Objective: to examine the effect of the Android-based Ayo Dedis application on pregnant women.

 

Methods: The effect of pregnant women's knowledge about stunting before and after using the "Ayo Dedis" application was tested using the Paired T-Test which is a parametric test that can be used on two paired data. The purpose of this test is to see whether there is a difference in the mean between two paired or related samples, whether there is a significant relationship or difference in the study used with ordinal data.

 

Results: Based on data analysis, the paired sample test is an output table that shows the results of the tests carried out. This can be seen from the significance value (2-tailed) of 0.004 (p<0.05). So that the results of the pretest and posttest experienced a significant change. Based on descriptive statistics, pretest and posttest proved to be higher than posttest.

 

Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is effect of the android-based Ayo Dedis application on increasing knowledge of balanced nutrition in pregnant women before and after giving the application with results (p <0.05).

 

Literature : 32 References (2010-2021)

Keywords: Stunting, Application, Pregnant Women
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPATUHAN TERAPI HEMODIALISIS DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK
Authors: AGUS TIAR MOHAMAD
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Hemodialysis undertaken by patients can maintain survival while changing the patient's lifestyle. Adherence in hemodialysis is very necessary to maintain life. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between adherence to hemodialysis and quality of life in hemodialysis patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. This research is a descriptive analytic correlative research design with a cross sectional method approach. The sample in this study were 37 CKD patients who underwent hemodialysis in the Malahayati Hemodialysis Room, RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. There is a relationship between the level of compliance and the level of quality of life of chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis Room of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang (p value= 0.005). The relationship is positive by 0,451, the more positive the patient's compliance, the higher the quality of life of chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis Room of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang.

 

Keywords : Chronic Kidney Failure, Hemodialysis, Adherence, Quality of Life
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PEMANTAUAN INTAKE OUTPUT CAIRAN PENDERITA CKD DENGAN TERJADINYA OVERLOAD CAIRAN
Authors: DEWI AJENG RUVITA
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Monitoring fluid intake and output in patients with CKD is the main action to reduce the occurrence of fluid overload in patients with CKD. Fluid overload can cause shortness of breath, edema, and acites. Lack of attention to fluid intake and output will lead to more serious health problems. This study aims to determine the relationship between monitoring of CKD fluid intake output and the occurrence of fluid overload at RSU Karsa Husada Batu. The research design used was Correlative Study. Retrieval of data using Cross Sectional. The sampling method used was Purposive Sampling. The sample in this study amounted to 22 people. The intake output monitoring variable was assessed using the fluid intake output chart questionnaire, while the fluid overload variable was the head to toe observation sheet. The result of the Spearman Rank Correlation test shows a p value of 0.001 where the p value is smaller than alpha 0.05 (p value (0.001) <alpha (0.05), which means that there is a significant relationship between monitoring the fluid output intake of patients with CKD and the occurrence of fluid overload in RSU Karsa Husada Batu. The correlation coefficient of 0.661 is a number that is positive. So the relationship between Monitoring Intake of Fluid Output for CKD Patients with the Occurrence of Fluid Overload is unidirectional, thus it means that the better monitoring of fluid output intake for CKD sufferers, the risk of overload Also decreasing The effectiveness of limiting the amount of fluids in CRF patients depends on the patient's knowledge of the amount of fluids that can be drunk and efforts to create restrictions on fluid intake through monitoring the intake of fluid output per day . This is very necessary to be applied consistently in patients with CKD.

Keyword : monitoring of fluid intake, output, overload.
Gender, Sexuality, and Embodiment in Digital Spheres: Connecting Intersectionality and Digitality
Authors: De Vuyst Sara , Geerts Evelien , Rahbari Ladan
Published: July 2022

Gender, sexuality and embodiment in digital spheres have been increasingly studied from various critical perspectives: From research highlighting the articulation of intimacies, desires, and sexualities in and through digital spaces to theoretical explorations of materiality in the digital realm. With such a high level of (inter)disciplinarity, theories, methods, and analyses of gender, sexuality, and embodiment in relation to digital spheres have become highly diversified. Aiming to reflect this diversity, this special issue brings together innovative and newly developed theoretical, empirical, analytical, and critical approaches in the study of gender, sexuality, and embodiment in digital spheres. By connecting intersectionality and digitality to one another, it adopts an integrated approach that reflects the intricacy and interconnectedness of social categories and markers of difference, privilege, performance, and discrimination. The contributions explore a range of differently situated digital cultural practices, including intimate and sexual experiences with(in) digital media, online self-presentation, expressions of digital resistance, and forms of backlash and online attacks. What connects all these articles, is their critical approach to intersectional inequalities and privileges in relation to digitality, plus their nuanced perspective on gender, sexuality, and embodiment interferentially. The final article is based on a roundtable discussion and aims to encourage interdisciplinary connections and suggests ways of doing research that builds bridges between academia and activism.
Towards an Entrepreneurial Ethics of Desire? LGBTQ Location-based Dating/Hook-up Apps and the Configurations of Sexual-affective Relationships Among Gay Men in Brazil
Authors: Contente Renato , Gomes Gustavo
Published: July 2022

This article aims to reflect on how changes in digital sociability practices influence on the affective and sexual relationships among gay men in Northeast Brazil. We argue some of these changes are associated with an entrepreneurial ethics of desire, which is a set of desiring and sociability practices influenced by neoliberal imperatives, such as free competition, high selectiveness, meritocracy, economic rationale, utilitarianism, and self-entrepreneurship. In a mediatised reality under platform capitalism, we wonder: by taking on market-oriented practices, how do individuals constitute themselves as differentiated desiring subjects? We seek to elucidate this point by analysing seven in-depth interviews conducted with gay men whose affective-sexual trajectories have been impacted by communication technologies’ transformations in the last three decades. All respondents were gay men between 25-34 years old, residents in Recife’s metropolitan area and were contacted via Grindr. Focused on cultural scripts for sex mediated by digital media and on self-presentation in profiles, we investigate how these individuals negotiate homoerotic sociabilities simultaneously on different social platforms. In an attempt to constitute themselves as “desirable” subjects in digital spheres, these individuals experience several tensions that are triggered by social markers of desire, such as race, class, gender performativity and physicality. Based on an intersectional approach, we aim to identify aspects of what we define as an entrepreneurial ethics of desire. We also propose to investigate whether, in terms of resistance and indiscipline, we can think of an alternative sexual-affective ethics for sociability and desiring practices – namely a queer ethics of desire.
Pineapple Theorem ( A prime number formular and proof of Goldbach Conjecture)
Authors: Kawinga Gibbs
Published: July 2022

The pineapple theorem is a prime number formulae that generates prime numbers, prime factors,test for primality and prove the Goldbach Conjecture.
Computational Method for Combinatorial Geometric Series and Binomial Theorems
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: July 2022

Nowadays, the growing complexity of mathematical and computational modelling demands the simplicity of mathematical and computational equations for solving today’s scientific problems and challenges. This paper presents combinatorial geometric series, innovative binomial coefficients, combinatorial equations, binomial expansions, calculus with combinatorial geometric series, and innovative binomial theorems. Combinatorics involves integers, factorials, binomial coefficients, discrete mathematics, and theoretical computer science for finding solutions to the problems in computing and engineering science. The combinatorial geometric series with binomial expansions and its theorems refer to the methodological advances which are useful for researchers who are working in computational science. Computational science is a rapidly growing multi-and inter-disciplinary area where science, engineering, computation, mathematics, and collaboration use advance computing capabilities to understand and solve the most complex real life problems.
Genetic characterization and passage instability of a novel hybrid virulence plasmid in a ST23 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Fan Lin-Ping , Yu Yang , Huang Shanshan , Liao Wenjian , Huang Qi-Sen , Du Fang-Ling , Xiang Tian-xin , Wei Dan Dan , Wan La-Gen , Zhang Wei , Liu Yang
Published: July 2022

Hypervirulent variants of Klebsiella pnuemoniae (hvKP), which causes life-threatening infections, is a global priority pathogen and frequently harbours virulence plasmids. The virulence plasmids have emerged as the predominant vehicles carrying the major pathogenic determinants of hypermucoviscosity and hypervirulence phenotypes. In the present study, we characterized a novel virulence plasmid in AP8555, an ST23 hvKP strain, which induced a metastatic infection and fatal septic shock in a critically ill patient. The serum killing assay, the quantitative biofilm formation assay, the G.mellonella infection model, and the mouse lethality assay demonstrated that AP8555 was almost as virulent as the hvKP strain NUTH-K2044. The plasmid pAP855 could be conjugated to Klebsiella quasipneumoniae ATCC700603 and E. coli J53 at a frequency of 7.2× 10−5 and 8.7× 10−7, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis confirmed that the plasmid was novel, clustered to the incompatibility type of IncHI1B/IncFIB/IncFII and presented high similarity to the pK2044 plasmid. In contrast, a 130-kb large-fragment insertion was observed on the plasmid, which introduced a genetic hybrid zone with multiple conjugation-related genes of type IV secretion systems (T4SS) and CcdAB toxin-antitoxin systems (TAS) to the plasmid. In the transconjugants, the presence of pAP855 had a negative impact on bacterial fitness, but enhancing the virulence-associated phenotypes. In vitro evolution experiments showed that pAP855 in the transconjugants could not be stably inherited after 10 days of passage. Our study not only reports a novel hybrid plasmid but also highlights the putative pathway of conjugative virulence plasmid formation and evolution by means of genetic rearrangement through sequence insertion. These findings indicate that structural versatility could contribute to the dissemination of cointegrate virulence plasmid, although the plasmid incurred a fitness cost. Therefore, continuous monitoring the acquisition of conjugative virulence plasmids may have critical value for plasmid research and increase awareness of hvKP.
Insights into the roles of bacterial infection and antibiotics in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Sheng Shuo , Zhao Shuo , Zhang Feng
Published: July 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which is accompanied with the classical motor symptoms and a range of non-motor symptoms. Bacterial infection affects the neuroinflammation associated with the pathology of PD and various antibiotics have also been confirmed to play an important role not only in bacterial infection, but also in the PD progression. This mini-review summarized the role of common bacterial infection in PD and introduced several antibiotics that had anti-PD effects.
Lenalidomide potentially reduced the level of cell- associated HIV RNA and improved persistent inflammation in patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis a pilot study
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhu Xueling , Peng Xiaorong , Tao Ran , Wan Zhikai , Hui Jiangjin , Guo Yongzheng , Hang Ying , Zhu Biao
Published: July 2022

Background

The HIV-1 reservoir is a major barrier to curative strategies. Inflammation is an important factor for HIV-1 reservoir persistence. Lenalidomide regulates inflammatory cytokines efficiently. We examined whether lenalidomide could inhibit HIV-1 transcription and reduce systemic inflammation in people living with HIV.

Methods

Lenalidomide was administered orally for 48 weeks to patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (HIV-CM). A HIV-1 latency model was treated with or without lenalidomide ex vivo for 5 days. The primary endpoints were change in HIV reservoir markers and inflammatory cytokines in both the cohort and cell model.

Results

Thirteen participants were enrolled from May 2019 to September 2020. The median change in cell-associated (CA) HIV RNA between baseline and 48 weeks was 0.81 log10 copies/million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The CA HIV RNA decreased significantly in the cohort (P = 0.021). Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gradually diminished with lenalidomide treatment until 48 weeks (P = 0.007, P = 0.014, respectively). C-reactive protein/IL-6/TNF-α and CA HIV RNA were significantly correlated (P = 0.0027, 0.0496, and 0.0346, respectively). Lenalidomide also significantly decreased HIV core P24 (P = 0.0038) and CA HIV RNA in CD8-depleted PBMCs (P = 0.0178) ex vivo. TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly reduced in the CD8-depleted PBMC supernatant (P = 0.004, P < 0.0001, respectively) while IL-10 levels increased significantly on lenalidomide compared to no-lenalidomide treatment (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Lenalidomide was preliminarily confirmed to reduce the level of cell- associated HIV RNA and improve persistent inflammation in patients with HIV-Associated cryptococcal meningitis, which was a potential intervention for clinical use to inhibit viral transcription of the HIV-1 reservoir and reduced HIV-related inflammation in HIV-1 patients during ART.
Carbon Removal Using Coastal Blue Carbon Ecosystems Is Uncertain and Unreliable, With Questionable Climatic Cost-Effectiveness
Authors: Williamson Phillip , Gattuso Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2022

Mangrove forests, seagrass meadows and tidal saltmarshes are vegetated coastal ecosystems that accumulate and store large quantities of carbon in their sediments. Many recent studies and reviews have favorably identified the potential for such coastal “blue carbon” ecosystems to provide a natural climate solution in two ways: by conservation, reducing the greenhouse gas emissions arising from the loss and degradation of such habitats, and by restoration, to increase carbon dioxide drawdown and its long-term storage. The focus here is on the latter, assessing the feasibility of achieving quantified and secure carbon removal (negative emissions) through the restoration of coastal vegetation. Seven issues that affect the reliability of carbon accounting for this approach are considered: high variability in carbon burial rates; errors in determining carbon burial rates; lateral carbon transport; fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide; carbonate formation and dissolution; vulnerability to future climate change; and vulnerability to non-climatic factors. Information on restoration costs is also reviewed, with the conclusion that costs are highly uncertain, with lower-range estimates unrealistic for wider application. CO2 removal using coastal blue carbon restoration therefore has questionable cost-effectiveness when considered only as a climate mitigation action, either for carbon-offsetting or for inclusion in Nationally Determined Contributions. Many important issues relating to the measurement of carbon fluxes and storage have yet to be resolved, affecting certification and resulting in potential over-crediting. The restoration of coastal blue carbon ecosystems is nevertheless highly advantageous for climate adaptation, coastal protection, food provision and biodiversity conservation. Such action can therefore be societally justified in very many circumstances, based on the multiple benefits that such habitats provide at the local scale.
Who is adjusting to whom?: Differences in elephant diel activity in wildlife corridors across different human-modified landscapes
Authors: Adams Tempe S. F. , Leggett Keith E.A. , Chase Michael J. , Tucker Marlee A.
Published: July 2022

The global impact of increased human activities has consequences on the conservation of wildlife. Understanding how wildlife adapts to increased human pressures with urban expansion and agricultural areas is fundamental to future conservation plans of any species. However, there is a belief that large wild free-ranging carnivores and ungulates, cannot coexist with people, limited studies have looked at wildlife movements through differing human-dominated landscapes at finer spatial scales, in Africa. This information is vital as the human population is only going to increase and the wildlife protected areas decrease. We used remote-sensor camera traps to identify the movement patterns of African elephant (Loxodonta africana) through six wildlife corridors in Botswana. The wildlife corridors were located in two different human-dominated landscapes (agricultural/urban), with varying degrees of human impact. While we found that elephants use corridors in both landscapes, they use the urban corridors both diurnally and nocturnally in contrast to agricultural corridors which were only nocturnal. Our results provide evidence for temporal partitioning of corridor use by elephants. We identified that seasonality and landscape were important factors in determining the presence of elephants in the corridors. Our findings demonstrate that elephant diel patterns of use of the wildlife corridor differs based on the surrounding human land-uses on an hourly basis and daily basis, revealing potential adaptation and risk avoidance behaviour.
Ectopic fat is associated with cardiac remodeling—A comprehensive assessment of regional fat depots in type 2 diabetes using multi-parametric MRI
Authors: Edin Carl , Ekstedt Mattias , Scheffel Tobias , Karlsson Markus , Swahn Eva , Östgren Carl Johan , Engvall Jan , Ebbers Tino , Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist , Lundberg Peter , Carlhäll Carl-Johan
Published: July 2022

Background

Different regional depots of fat have distinct metabolic properties and may relate differently to adverse cardiac remodeling. We sought to quantify regional depots of body fat and to investigate their relationship to cardiac structure and function in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and controls.

Methods

From the SCAPIS cohort in Linköping, Sweden, we recruited 92 subjects (35% female, mean age 59.5 ± 4.6 years): 46 with T2D and 46 matched controls. In addition to the core SCAPIS data collection, participants underwent a comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging examination at 1.5 T for assessment of left ventricular (LV) structure and function (end-diastolic volume, mass, concentricity, ejection fraction), as well as regional body composition (liver proton density fat fraction, visceral adipose tissue, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, thigh muscle fat infiltration, fat tissue-free thigh muscle volume and epicardial adipose tissue).

Results

Compared to the control group, the T2D group had increased: visceral adipose tissue volume index (P < 0.001), liver fat percentage (P < 0.001), thigh muscle fat infiltration percentage (P = 0.02), LV concentricity (P < 0.001) and LV E/e'-ratio (P < 0.001). In a multiple linear regression analysis, a negative association between liver fat percentage and LV mass (St Beta −0.23, P < 0.05) as well as LV end-diastolic volume (St Beta −0.27, P < 0.05) was found. Epicardial adipose tissue volume and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume index were the only parameters of fat associated with LV diastolic dysfunction (E/e'-ratio) (St Beta 0.24, P < 0.05; St Beta 0.34, P < 0.01, respectively). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, only visceral adipose tissue volume index was significantly associated with T2D, with an odds ratio for T2D of 3.01 (95% CI 1.28–7.05, P < 0.05) per L/m2 increase in visceral adipose tissue volume.

Conclusions

Ectopic fat is predominantly associated with cardiac remodeling, independently of type 2 diabetes. Intriguingly, liver fat appears to be related to LV structure independently of VAT, while epicardial fat is linked to impaired LV diastolic function. Visceral fat is associated with T2D independently of liver fat and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Detection of left ventricular wall motion abnormalities from volume rendering of 4DCT cardiac angiograms using deep learning
Authors: Chen Zhennong , Contijoch Francisco , Colvert Gabrielle M. , Manohar Ashish , Kahn Andrew M. , Narayan Hari K. , McVeigh Elliot
Published: July 2022

Background

The presence of left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities (WMA) is an independent indicator of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We develop and evaluate the ability to detect cardiac wall motion abnormalities (WMA) from dynamic volume renderings (VR) of clinical 4D computed tomography (CT) angiograms using a deep learning (DL) framework.

Methods

Three hundred forty-three ECG-gated cardiac 4DCT studies (age: 61 ± 15, 60.1% male) were retrospectively evaluated. Volume-rendering videos of the LV blood pool were generated from 6 different perspectives (i.e., six views corresponding to every 60-degree rotation around the LV long axis); resulting in 2058 unique videos. Ground-truth WMA classification for each video was performed by evaluating the extent of impaired regional shortening visible (measured in the original 4DCT data). DL classification of each video for the presence of WMA was performed by first extracting image features frame-by-frame using a pre-trained Inception network and then evaluating the set of features using a long short-term memory network. Data were split into 60% for 5-fold cross-validation and 40% for testing.

Results

Volume rendering videos represent ~800-fold data compression of the 4DCT volumes. Per-video DL classification performance was high for both cross-validation (accuracy = 93.1%, sensitivity = 90.0% and specificity = 95.1%, κ: 0.86) and testing (90.9, 90.2, and 91.4% respectively, κ: 0.81). Per-study performance was also high (cross-validation: 93.7, 93.5, 93.8%, κ: 0.87; testing: 93.5, 91.9, 94.7%, κ: 0.87). By re-binning per-video results into the 6 regional views of the LV we showed DL was accurate (mean accuracy = 93.1 and 90.9% for cross-validation and testing cohort, respectively) for every region. DL classification strongly agreed (accuracy = 91.0%, κ: 0.81) with expert visual assessment.

Conclusions

Dynamic volume rendering of the LV blood pool combined with DL classification can accurately detect regional WMA from cardiac CT.
Analysis of the miRNA expression from the adipose tissue surrounding the adrenal neoplasia
Authors: Concistrè Antonio , Petramala Luigi , Circosta Francesco , Romagnoli Priscilla , Soldini Maurizio , Bucci Marco , De Cesare Domenico , Cavallaro Giuseppe , De Toma Giorgio , Cipollone Francesco , Letizia Claudio
Published: July 2022

Background

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by several metabolic changes such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and adipose tissue (AT) inflammation. Mi(cro)RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules known to be critical regulators in several cellular processes associated with AT dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of some miRNAs in visceral and subcutaneous AT in patients undergoing adrenalectomy for aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma (APA) compared to the samples of AT obtained in patients undergoing adrenalectomy for non-functioning adrenal mass (NFA).

Methods

The quantitative expression of selected miRNA using real-time PCR was analyzed in surrounding adrenal neoplasia, peri-renal, and subcutaneous AT samples of 16 patients with adrenalectomy (11 patients with APA and 5 patients with NFA).

Results

Real-time PCR cycles for miRNA-132, miRNA-143, and miRNA-221 in fat surrounding adrenal neoplasia and in peri-adrenal AT were significantly higher in APA than in patients with NFA. Unlike patients with NFA, miRNA-132, miRNA-143, miRNA-221, and miRNA-26b were less expressed in surrounding adrenal neoplasia AT compared to subcutaneous AT in patients with APA.

Conclusion

This study, conducted on tissue expression of miRNAs, highlights the possible pathophysiological role of some miRNAs in determining the metabolic alterations in patients with PA.
Case report: Primary cardiac angiosarcoma with multiple metastases
Authors: Li Xuan , Lan Lan , Hu Huijuan
Published: July 2022

This reports outlines a rare case of primary right atrial angiosarcoma with multiple metastases. Multimodality imaging and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of primary cardiac angiosarcoma and multiple metastases. We present the details of the presentation, multimodality imaging findings, and clinical management. The patient was followed up by cardiac MRI (CMRI) 2 months after therapy, the cardiac tumor and pulmonary metastases decreased markedly. Up to now, the patient has undergone four cycles of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Coupling of phagocytic NADPH oxidase activity and mitochondrial superoxide production
Authors: Dikalov Sergey I. , Dikalova Anna E. , Kirilyuk Igor A.
Published: July 2022

Superoxide radical plays an important role in redox cell signaling and physiological processes; however, overproduction of superoxide or insufficient activity of antioxidants leads to oxidative stress and contributes to the development of pathological conditions such as endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Meanwhile, the studies of superoxide in biological systems represent unique challenges associated with short lifetime of superoxide, insufficient reactivity of the superoxide probes, and lack of site-specific detection of superoxide. In this work we have developed 15N-and deuterium-enriched spin probe 15N-CAT1H for high sensitivity and site-specific detection of extracellular superoxide. We have tested simultaneous tracking of extracellular superoxide by 15N-CAT1H and intramitochondrial superoxide by conventional 14N-containing spin probe mitoTEMPO-H in immune cells isolated from spleen, splenocytes, under basal conditions or stimulated with inflammatory cytokines IL-17A and TNFα, NADPH oxidase activator PMA, or treated with inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I rotenone or complex III antimycin A. 15N-CAT1H provides two-fold increase in sensitivity and improves detection since EPR spectrum of 15N-CAT1 nitroxide does not overlap with biological radicals. Furthermore, concurrent use of cell impermeable 15N-CAT1H and mitochondria-targeted 14N-mitoTEMPO-H allows simultaneous detection of extracellular and mitochondrial superoxide. Analysis of IL-17A- and TNFα-induced superoxide showed parallel increase in 15N-CAT1 and 14N-mitoTEMPO signals suggesting coupling between phagocytic NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. The interplay between mitochondrial superoxide production and activity of phagocytic NADPH oxidase was further investigated in splenocytes isolated from Sham and angiotensin II infused C57Bl/6J and Nox2KO mice. Angiotensin II infusion in wild-type mice increased the extracellular basal splenocyte superoxide which was further enhanced by complex III inhibitor antimycin A, mitochondrial uncoupling agent CCCP and NADPH oxidase activator PMA. Nox2 depletion attenuated angiotensin II mediated stimulation and inhibited both extracellular and mitochondrial PMA-induced superoxide production. These data indicate that splenocytes isolated from hypertensive angiotensin II-infused mice are “primed” for enhanced superoxide production from both phagocytic NADPH oxidase and mitochondria. Our data demonstrate that novel 15N-CAT1H provides high sensitivity superoxide measurements and combination with mitoTEMPO-H allows independent and simultaneous detection of extracellular and mitochondrial superoxide. We suggest that this new approach can be used to study the site-specific superoxide production and analysis of important sources of oxidative stress in cardiovascular conditions.
Association of the triglyceride-glucose index and vascular target organ damage in a Beijing community-based population
Authors: Ji Wenjun , Gao Lan , Sun Pengfei , Jia Jia , Li Jianping , Wang Xingang , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Yan
Published: July 2022

Objective

We aimed to explore the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin resistance (IR), and vascular target organ damage (TOD) in a Beijing community-based population, China.

Methods

A total of 6,015 participants from an atherosclerosis cohort survey performed in the Shijingshan District in Beijing, China were included in our analysis. Vascular TOD, such as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were all evaluated.

Results

The overall mean age of all the participants was 62.35 years, 3,951 (65.69%) were female, and mean TyG index was 8.81. In univariable regression analyzes, an increased TyG index was associated with higher cfPWV, baPWV, lnUACR, and higher risk of cfPWV ≥ 10 m/s, baPWV ≥ 1,800 cm/s, and UACR ≥ 30 mg/g, respectively. Multivariable regression analyzes showed subjects with the TyG index in top tertile had a significant increase in cfPWV (β = 0.29 m/s; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.19–0.40; pfortrend < 0.001), baPWV (β = 69.28 cm/s; 95% CI 50.97–87.59; pfortrend < 0.001), lnUACR (β = 0.23; 95% CI 0.13–0.34; pfortrend < 0.001), and had a higher risk of cfPWV ≥ 10 m/s (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% CI 1.17–1.85; pfortrend < 0.001), baPWV ≥ 1,800 cm/s (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.48–2.17; pfortrend < 0.001), and UACR ≥ 30 mg/g (OR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.30–2.24; pfortrend < 0.001) after fully adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), self-reported coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, and lipid-lowering drugs. Consistent conclusions were obtained in the subgroups without hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering medications or aged younger than 65 years old.

Conclusions

The TyG index was positively associated with artery stiffness and nephric microvascular damage in a Beijing community-based population in China. This result provides evidence that the TyG index may serve as a simple and effective indicator to reflect vascular TOD.
Determinants of improvement of left ventricular mechano-energetic efficiency in hypertensive patients
Authors: Lembo Maria , Trimarco Valentina , Manzi Maria Virginia , Mancusi Costantino , Esposito Giovanni , Esposito Salvatore , Morisco Carmine , Izzo Raffaele , Trimarco Bruno
Published: July 2022

Background

Arterial hypertension, especially when coexisting with other cardiovascular risk factors, could determine an imbalance between myocardial energetic demand and altered efficiency, leading to an early left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, even in terms of echo-derived mechano-energetic efficiency indexed for myocardial mass (MEEi). We aim to analyse an improvement in LV MEEi, if any, in a population of hypertensive patients with a long-term follow-up and to identify clinical, metabolic and therapeutic determinants of LV MEEi amelioration.

Materials and methods

In total, 7,052 hypertensive patients, followed-up for 5.3 ± 4.5 years, enrolled in the Campania Salute Network, underwent echocardiographic and clinical evaluation. LV MEEi was obtained as the ratio between stroke volume and heart rate and normalized per grams of LV mass and ΔMEEi was calculated as difference between follow-up and baseline MEEi. Patients in the highest ΔMEEi quartile (≥0.0454 mL/s/g) (group 1) were compared to the merged first, second and third quartiles (<0.0454 mL/s/g) (group 2). METS-IR (Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance), an established index of insulin sensitivity, was also derived.

Results

Patients with MEEi improvement experienced a lower rate of major cardiovascular events (p = 0.02). After excluding patients experiencing cardiovascular events, patients in group 1 were younger (p < 0.0001), less often diabetic (p = 0.001) and obese (p = 0.035). Group 1 experienced more frequently LV mass index reduction, lower occurrence of LV ejection fraction reduction, and had a better metabolic control in terms of mean METS-IR during the follow-up (all p < 0.0001). Beta-blockers were more often used in group 1 (p < 0.0001) than group 2. A logistic regression analysis showed that younger age, lower mean METS-IR values, more frequent LV mass index reduction and therapy with beta-blockers were significantly associated with LV MEEi improvement, independently of presence of diabetes and obesity.

Conclusion

Metabolic control and therapy with beta-blockers could act in a synergic way, determining an improvement in LV MEEi in hypertensive patients over time, possibly confining cardiac damage and hampering progression toward heart failure.
User perceptions about sharing exposure notification information for communicable diseases
Authors: Schooley Benjamin , Feldman Sue S.
Published: July 2022

Background

The (GuideSafe™) Exposure Notification System (ENS) was built and deployed in (Alabama) for anonymous sending and receiving of COVID-19 exposure alerts to people who have been in close contact with someone who later reports a positive COVID-19 test. Little is known about how the demographic groups perceive recent privacy-preserving the ENS innovations, including their usability, usefulness, satisfaction, and continued interest in sharing COVID-19 exposure information. The purpose of this study was to investigate how users across the demographic groups perceive the sharing of exposure information with various types of organizations and to investigate how end-user perceptions of the ENS usability, usefulness, and satisfaction differ across the demographic groups within the context of a statewide deployment of an exposure notification system.

Methods

A survey was administered to (state residents blinded for review) (N = 1,049) to assess propensity to share COVID-19 infection data and evaluate end-user perceptions about usability, usefulness, and satisfaction with the (Alabama) ENS. The ANOVA and the Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post-hoc tests were conducted to assess the demographic group differences.

Results

The ENS survey participants had a high awareness of contact tracing, exposure notifications, and the (GuideSafe™) ENS and reported having downloaded the app. Survey results revealed the majority of participants rated the app as useful (n = 490, 79%), easy to use (n = 490, 79%), and reported satisfaction with its use (n = 546, 88%). Other results suggest that ethnicity and age may be important factors for trust in sharing exposure information.

Conclusion

The (GuideSafe™) system was one integrated component of comprehensive education and work re-entry strategy across (Alabama) that reached a broad user base. Users across the different demographic groups perceive the sharing of information about their communicable disease exposures differently. Furthermore, demographic factors play a role in which types of organizations individuals are willing to share their communicable disease exposure information. Public health institutions, employers, schools, healthcare providers, and technology designers may want to consider these findings as they construct technologies and perform outreach campaigns aimed at reducing infection rates with the ENS and related technologies.
GCTOF-MS Combined LC-QTRAP-MS/MS Reveals Metabolic Difference Between Osteoarthritis and Osteoporotic Osteoarthritis and the Intervention Effect of Erxian Decoction
Authors: Ma Zhenyuan , Wei Yibao , Zhang Li , Shi Xiaoqing , Xing Runlin , Liao Taiyang , Yang Nan , Li Xiaochen , Jie Lishi , Wang Peimin
Published: July 2022

Purpose

OP and OA are chronic bone diseases with high incidence in the middle-aged and elderly populations. The latest research shows that the pathological environment of OP may be involved in the aggravation of the pathological process of OA, and the pathological state of OP plays an important role in the aggravation of OA pathology. EXD is a traditional Chinese medicine decoction that has been used to treat osteoporosis. Therefore, we further study whether OA will be aggravated in the OP environment and whether EXD can alleviate OA by intervening in the OP environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of OP on OA metabolites by using metabolomic methods and to explore the intervention mechanism of EXD on osteoporotic OA.

Method

Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, OA group, OP-OA group, and EXD group. EXD was administered by gavage. Histopathological evaluation of cartilage tissue was performed using Saffron fast green and HE staining. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of chondrogenesis genes SOX9, COL2A1, and COMP in cartilage tissue. GC-TOFMS and LC-QTRAP-MS/MS metabolomics methods were used to analyze the changes of metabolites in serum samples of rats in each group.

Result

The slice results showed that the cartilage damage in the OP-OA group was more serious than that in the OA group, which was significantly relieved after EXD intervention, indicating that the cartilage damage in the OP-OA group was more severe than that in the OA group and further reduced the protein and gene expressions of cartilage markers SOX9, COL2A1, and COMP. Thirty-seven substances were identified, and gentiopicroside, emodin, quercetin, and diosmetin were analyzed as possible active components of EXD. EXD treatment significantly reduced cartilage damage and reversed the expression of these markers. Metabolomics showed that EXD attenuated cartilage destruction by modulating the expression of cystine, chenodeoxycholate, and D-Turanose, involving glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pantothenate, and CoA biosynthesis metabolic pathways.

Conclusion

The OP environment may promote the progression of OA through metabolic factors. The benign intervention of EXD in osteoporotic OA involves cystine, chenodeoxycholate, and D-Turanose, and their associated glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pantothenate, and CoA biosynthesis metabolic pathways. Therefore, we have a deep understanding of the metabolic-related intervention of EXD in osteoporotic OA and are eager to better understand the mechanism of multi-targeted intervention of EXD in bone metabolic lesions.
Transcriptome responses of RNAi-mediated ETH knockdown in Scylla paramamosain at different premolt substages
Authors: Chan Siuming-Francis , Wen Qi-Qiao , Ao Chun-Mei , Wang Wei , Wang Cheng-Gui , Zhao Yan-Fei
Published: July 2022

Ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH) plays an important role in molting, reproduction, and courtship behavior in insects. To investigate the potential downstream pathways and genes of ETH in Scylla paramamosain, RNA interference (RNAi) was conducted on crabs at early (D0) and late (D2) premolt substages, and the transcriptome profiles of each group were compared by RNA sequencing. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results showed a significant knockdown of ETH at D0 stage, whereas a significant increase was shown conversely in crabs at D2 substage after the injection of dsETH. A total of 242,979 transcripts were assembled, and 44,012 unigenes were identified. Transcriptomic comparison between crabs at D2 and D0 substages showed 2,683 differentially expressed genes (DEGs); these genes were enriched in ribosome and pathways related to transcription factor complex and cell part. Twenty DEGs were identified between dsETH-injected and dsGFP-injected crabs at D0 substage; these DEGs were involved in carbohydrate metabolism, one carbon pool by folate, and chitin binding. Twenty-six DEGs were identified between dsETH-injected and dsGFP-injected crabs at D2 substage; these DEGs were involved in calcium channel inhibitor activity, fat digestion and absorption, and cardiac muscle contraction. RT-qPCR verified the differential expression of the selected genes. In conclusion, crabs at D0 substage are more active in preparing the macromolecular complex that is needed for molting. Moreover, ETH has potential roles in carbohydrate metabolism, one carbon pool by folate, and chitin binding for crabs at D0 substage, while the role of ETH turns to be involved in calcium channel inhibitor activity, fat digestion and absorption, and cardiac muscle contraction at D2 substage to facilitate the occurrence of molting. The selected DEGs provide valuable insight into the role of ETH in the regulation of crustacean molting.
A maternal higher-complex carbohydrate diet increases bifidobacteria and alters early life acquisition of the infant microbiome in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sugino Kameron Y. , Hernandez Teri L. , Barbour Linda A. , Kofonow Jennifer M. , Frank Daniel N. , Friedman Jacob E.
Published: July 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with considerable imbalances in intestinal microbiota that may underlie pathological conditions in both mothers and infants. To more definitively identify these alterations, we evaluated the maternal and infant gut microbiota through the shotgun metagenomic analysis of a subset of stool specimens collected from a randomized, controlled trial in diet-controlled women with GDM. The women were fed either a CHOICE diet (60% complex carbohydrate/25% fat/15% protein, n=18) or a conventional diet (CONV, 40% complex carbohydrate/45% fat/15% protein, n=16) from 30 weeks’ gestation through delivery. In contrast to other published studies, we designed the study to minimize the influence of other dietary sources by providing all meals, which were eucaloric and similar in fiber content. At 30 and 37 weeks’ gestation, we collected maternal stool samples; performed the fasting measurements of glucose, glycerol, insulin, free fatty acids, and triglycerides; and administered an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to measure glucose clearance and insulin response. Infant stool samples were collected at 2 weeks, 2 months, and 4–5 months of age. Maternal glucose was controlled to conventional targets in both diets, with no differences in Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). No differences in maternal alpha or beta diversity between the two diets from baseline to 37 weeks’ gestation were observed. However, women on CHOICE diet had higher levels of Bifidobacteriaceae, specifically Bifidobacterium adolescentis, compared with women on CONV. Species-level taxa varied significantly with fasting glycerol, fasting glucose, and glucose AUC after the OGTT challenge. Maternal diet significantly impacted the patterns of infant colonization over the first 4 months of life, with CHOICE infants showing increased microbiome alpha diversity (richness), greater Clostridiaceae, and decreased Enterococcaceae over time. Overall, these results suggest that an isocaloric GDM diet containing greater complex carbohydrates with reduced fat leads to an ostensibly beneficial effect on the maternal microbiome, improved infant gut microbiome diversity, and reduced opportunistic pathogens capable of playing a role in obesity and immune system development. These results highlight the critical role a maternal diet has in shaping the maternal and infant microbiome in women with GDM.