bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety and Tolerability of Low-Dose Radiation and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy + Sintilimab for Treatment-Naïve Stage IV PD-L1+ Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Zhou Xiaojuan , Zhou Laiyan , Yao Zhuoran , Huang Meijuan , Gong Youling , Zou Bingwen , Zhu Jiang , Liu Yongmei , Peng Feng , Zhang Yan , Yu Min , Li Yanying , Na Feifei , Wu Yijun , Kang Kai , Xiu Weigang , Zhang Xuanwei , Zhou Lin , Xu Yong , Wang Jin , Wang Yan , Yang Xue , Wu Yuanjun , Li Rui , Zhang Yu , Yang Zhenzhou , Zhou Zhipeng , Bai Jing , Yi Xin , Tong Ruizhan , Yin Limei , Chen Chong , Niedermann Gabriele , Lu You , Xue Jianxin
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

Low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) may enhance the synergistic antitumor effect of combined immunotherapy and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). The safety and efficacy of this novel triple-combination therapy were evaluated for the first time as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients and Methods:

This prospective phase I study enrolled 29 patients and included a dose-escalation and dose-expansion phase. Patients received SBRT [30 Gray (Gy)/3f] to small lesions and LDRT (2 Gy/1f, 4 Gy/2f, or 10 Gy/5f) to a large lesion concurrently, followed by sintilimab (a programmed death-1 inhibitor). The primary endpoint was safety and tolerability; secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results:

No dose-limiting toxicities were observed during the dose-escalation phase; 4 Gy/2f was the recommended LDRT dose. Median follow-up was 15.6 months. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) occurred in 96.6% (28/29) of patients [grade ≥ 3; 20.7% (6/29)]; 2 patients (6.9%) discontinued due to TRAEs. Seven patients experienced pneumonitis (grade 2, n = 6; grade 3, n = 1). Immune-related adverse events were noted in 58.6% (17/29) of patients. In patients with tumor assessment (n = 28), ORR and confirmed ORR were 60.7% and 57.1%, respectively. Median PFS was 8.6 months (95% confidence interval, 3.7–16.5), and median OS was not reached. Exploratory analyses suggested both expanded and newly emerging T-cell receptor clonotypes were associated with better PFS.

Conclusions:

The findings indicate that the novel SBRT + LDRT + sintilimab therapy is safe and promising in patients with programmed death ligand-1–positive, driver gene–negative primary metastatic NSCLC.
Abstract A019: Development and characterization of novel pre-clinical models of SFPQ-TFE3-driven renal cell carcinoma
Authors: de Aragao Mendes Adrianna Amaral , Liu Hans , Woo Juhyung , Asrani Kaushal , Rosenberg Avi , Argani Pedram , Lotan Tamara
Published: August 2023

This abstract is being presented as a short talk in the scientific program. A full abstract is printed in the Proffered Abstracts section (PR001) of the Conference Program/Proceedings.

Citation Format: Adrianna Amaral de Aragao Mendes, Hans Liu, Juhyung Woo, Kaushal Asrani, Avi Rosenberg, Pedram Argani, Tamara Lotan. Development and characterization of novel pre-clinical models of SFPQ-TFE3-driven renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Kidney Cancer Research; 2023 Jun 24-27; Austin, Texas. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(16 Suppl):Abstract nr A019.
Abstract B004: Serine promotes invasive phenotype through enhanced translation of SNAIL in ccRCC
Authors: Karki Suman
Published: August 2023

Background: Metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of renal carcinoma with a median survival rate of about 13 months and is refractory to chemotherapy. ccRCC is fundamentally a metabolic disease characterized by extensive reprogramming in amino acid metabolism. Serine is a nonessential amino acid (NEAA), and the serine biosynthetic pathway has been shown as an essential source of metabolic intermediates in many cancers. Analysis of the TCGA database reveals that ccRCC tumors have reduced levels of PHGDH, the first enzyme in the de novo serine biosynthesis pathway, and makes serine conditionally essential amino acid in these tumors. The role of serine in tumorigenesis is well established; however, its role in promoting invasive phenotype and metastasis is not explored. Methods: To gain insight into the role of nonessential amino acids in proinvaisive phenotypes, we performed wound healing and migration assays in the presence of individual NEAAs. The importance of serine synthesis for promoting invasive phenotype was also assessed by restoring PHGDH in low PHGDH ccRCC. Results: In an unbiased approach, we found that serine is required for the increased migratory and invasive phenotype in ccRCC. We also demonstrate that in low PHGDH ccRCC cells, exogenous serine is to maintain SNAIL expression and the enhanced migratory and invasive phenotype. We also show that serine depletion induces translational inhibition in low PHGDH ccRCC. Conclusion: The role of serine in tumorigenesis and cell proliferation is well established; however, its role in supporting invasive and metastatic phenotypes is previously unknown. Our data highlights a novel role for serine in promoting EMT through enhanced translational maintenance of SNAIL, which may be therapeutically targeted in ccRCC.

Citation Format: Suman Karki. Serine promotes invasive phenotype through enhanced translation of SNAIL in ccRCC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Kidney Cancer Research; 2023 Jun 24-27; Austin, Texas. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(16 Suppl):Abstract nr B004.
Abstract B023: Using hypoxia to improve tumor infiltrating lymphocytes therapy in different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Potez Marine , Alkhouli Mohammed , Ali Johannes , Carter Michael , Beatty Matthew , Pilon-Thomas Shari , Chahoud Jad
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: Improving the long-term efficacy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains challenging after progression on first line therapy. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is a promising personalized immunotherapeutic approach to treating solid tumors. Previously, TIL therapy for clear cell RCC patients showed moderate success but did not account for the distinct immune microenvironments in different subtypes of RCC such as clear cell (ccRCC), papillary (pRCC) or unclassified (uRCC) known to have different response to immunotherapy. In addition, hypoxia plays a critical role in tumor progression and therapy resistance in RCC. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate TIL expansion from different subtypes of RCC under varying oxygen concentrations. METHODS: Tumor types collected from 48 patients included ccRCC (81.25%), pRCC (16.7%) and uRCC (8.3%). Tumors were minced into fragments and cultured for 4 weeks in media supplemented with high dose IL-2 (6000 IU/mL). At the end of the 4 weeks, TIL were further expanded using a rapid expansion protocol (REP) in either 20% or 5% oxygen. TIL expansion, reactivity to autologous tumor, and phenotype were evaluated in pre-REP and post-REP samples. RESULTS: Among the ccRCC, 91.7% of the samples expanded, while 100% of the pRCC and uRCC expanded. pRCC expanded more TIL than ccRCC (1.05e8 vs 6.7e7 total TIL expanded, respectively) while uRCC expanded less than the other subtypes (2.03e7). Pre-REP reactivity against autologous tumors was high for all the subtypes (88.3%, 75% and 100% for ccRCC, pRCC and uRCC respectively). The T-cell phenotype across subtypes showed a tendency of more CD4+ T-cells and less CD8+ T-cells for pRCC and uRCC, compared to ccRCC. All subtypes that underwent REP were able to expand in both 20% and 5% O2 (hypoxia) conditions. TIL expanded in hypoxia had a significantly higher percentage of tissue resident memory T-cells (CD69+CD103+; 15.1%, p<0.0001) when compared to the pre-REP TIL population (2%) or TIL expanded at 20% O2 (3.1%). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate the feasibility of expanding tumor-reactive TIL from different subtypes of RCC for the first time, and highlight the advantage of exposing TIL to hypoxic conditions to enhance the differentiation of resident memory T-cells in TIL products.

Citation Format: Marine Potez, Mohammed Alkhouli, Johannes Ali, Michael Carter, Matthew Beatty, Shari Pilon-Thomas, Jad Chahoud. Using hypoxia to improve tumor infiltrating lymphocytes therapy in different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Kidney Cancer Research; 2023 Jun 24-27; Austin, Texas. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(16 Suppl):Abstract nr B023.
Figure S4 from Clinical benefit of autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma patients achieving undetectable minimal residual disease after induction treatment
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Yan Wenqiang , Fan Huishou , Xu Jingyu , Li Lingna , Du Chenxing , Mao Xuehan , Yan Yuting , Xu Yan , Sui Weiwei , Deng Shuhui , Yi Shuhua , Anderson Kenneth C. , Qiu Lugui , Zou Dehui , An Gang
Published: August 2023

Subgroup analyses for prognostic impact of ASCT
Supplementary Figure 5 from Kinase Inhibitor Pulldown Assay Identifies a Chemotherapy Response Signature in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Based on Purine-binding Proteins
Authors: Wang Junkai , Saltzman Alexander B. , Jaehnig Eric J. , Lei Jonathan T. , Malovannaya Anna , Holt Matthew V. , Young Meggie N. , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Anurag Meenakshi , Kim Beom-Jun , Ellis Matthew J.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Figure 5
Data from Kinase Inhibitor Pulldown Assay Identifies a Chemotherapy Response Signature in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Based on Purine-binding Proteins
Authors: Wang Junkai , Saltzman Alexander B. , Jaehnig Eric J. , Lei Jonathan T. , Malovannaya Anna , Holt Matthew V. , Young Meggie N. , Rimawi Mothaffar F. , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Anurag Meenakshi , Kim Beom-Jun , Ellis Matthew J.
Published: August 2023

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) constitutes 10%–15% of all breast tumors. The current standard of care is multiagent chemotherapy, which is effective in only a subset of patients. The original objective of this study was to deploy a mass spectrometry (MS)-based kinase inhibitor pulldown assay (KIPA) to identify kinases elevated in non-pCR (pathologic complete response) cases for therapeutic targeting. Frozen optimal cutting temperature compound–embedded core needle biopsies were obtained from 43 patients with TNBC before docetaxel- and carboplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. KIPA was applied to the native tumor lysates that were extracted from samples with high tumor content. Seven percent of all identified proteins were kinases, and none were significantly associated with lack of pCR. However, among a large population of “off-target” purine-binding proteins (PBP) identified, seven were enriched in pCR-associated samples (P < 0.01). In orthogonal mRNA-based TNBC datasets, this seven-gene “PBP signature” was associated with chemotherapy sensitivity and favorable clinical outcomes. Functional annotation demonstrated IFN gamma response, nuclear import of DNA repair proteins, and cell death associations. Comparisons with standard tandem mass tagged–based discovery proteomics performed on the same samples demonstrated that KIPA-nominated pCR biomarkers were unique to the platform. KIPA is a novel biomarker discovery tool with unexpected utility for the identification of PBPs related to cytotoxic drug response. The PBP signature has the potential to contribute to clinical trials designed to either escalate or de-escalate therapy based on pCR probability.
Significance:
The identification of pretreatment predictive biomarkers for pCR in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy would advance precision treatment for TNBC. To complement standard proteogenomic discovery profiling, a KIPA was deployed and unexpectedly identified a seven-member non-kinase PBP pCR-associated signature. Individual members served diverse pathways including IFN gamma response, nuclear import of DNA repair proteins, and cell death.
High-Impact Actions to Reduce the Carbon Dioxide Footprint in an Ophthalmic Operation Room: A Narrative Review
Authors: Weisheit Christina K. , Geerling Gerd , Holz Frank G. , Coburn Mark
Published: August 2023

Germany’s health care footprint accounts for 5.2% of the national emissions footprint which results in 0.71 tons of CO2 emission per capita. Thus, the health sector has a responsibility to take climate action. Surgery is a resource-intensive health care activity, requiring expensive equipment, sterilization procedures, advanced operative technologies, and obligatory life support systems. We spotlight the situation in a department of ophthalmology with frequent anesthesia services and highly standardized procedures. This narrative review discusses high-impact actions which result in a major reduction of the CO2 footprint according to the global road map for health care decarbonization, considering both the ophthalmic and anesthesiologic point of view.
STICH3C: Rationale and Study Protocol
Authors: Fremes Stephen E. , Marquis-Gravel Guillaume , Gaudino Mario F.L. , Jolicoeur E. Marc , Bédard Sylvain , Masterson Creber Ruth , Ruel Marc , Vervoort Dominique , Wijeysundera Harindra C. , Farkouh Michael E. , Rouleau Jean-Lucien , Karkhanis Reena , Arora Rakesh , Graham Michelle , Healey Jeff , Howlett Jonathan , Kiss Alex , Ko Dennis , Lee Doug , McGillion Michael , Sun Louise , Swartz Richard , Voisine Pierre , Bax Jeroen , Crea Filippo , Doenst Torsten , Jolly Sanjit , Koeber Lars V. , Lamy Andre , Lansky Alexandra , van der Meer Peter , Milojevic Milan , Omerovic Elmir , Petrie Mark , Reid Christopher , Sandner Sigrid , Sousa-Uva Miguel , Velazquez Eric , Verma Subodh , Stone Gregg W. , Spertus. John
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND:

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the recommended mode of revascularization in patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction (iLVSD) and multivessel disease. However, contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) outcomes have improved with the integration of novel technologies and refinement of revascularization strategies, and PCI is often used in clinical practice in this population. There is a lack of evidence from randomized trials comparing contemporary state-of-the-art PCI versus CABG for the treatment of iLVSD and multivessel disease. This was the impetus for the STICH3C trial (Canadian CABG or PCI in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy), described here.

METHODS:

The STICH3C trial is a prospective, unblinded, international, multicenter trial with an expected sample size of 754 participants from ≈45 centers. Patients with multivessel/left main coronary artery disease and iLVSD with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% considered by the local Heart Team appropriate for and amenable to revascularization by both modes of revascularization will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to state-of-the-art PCI or CABG.

RESULTS:

The primary end point is the composite of death from any cause, stroke, spontaneous myocardial infarction, urgent repeat revascularization, or heart failure readmission, summarized as a time-to-event outcome. The key hierarchical end point is time to death and frequency of hospitalizations for heart failure. The key safety outcome is a composite of major adverse events. Disease-specific quality-of-life and health economics measures will be compared between groups. Participants will be followed for a median of 5 years, with a minimum follow-up of 4 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

STICH3C will directly inform patients, clinicians, and international practice guidelines about the efficacy and safety of CABG versus PCI in patients with iLVSD. The results will provide novel and broad evidence, including clinical events, health status, and economic assessments, to guide care for patients with iLVSD and severe coronary artery disease.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/
; Unique identifier: NCT05427370.
Seeing the Biblical World of Sodom-Mamre Through Surveillance
Authors: Alsen Carolyn
Published: August 2023

Genesis depicts a world of tension and collaboration among the groups and families that constitute the stories of the formation of early Israel. The obedience and behaviour of characters within the narrative determine covenantal inclusion or exclusion. The narrative of Sodom-Mamre can be interpreted as a story of surveillance, wherein characters observe each other and act based on their desire for knowledge and control. Though surveillance promises omniscience, knowledge ultimately remains limited. The divine character yearns to witness human experience, while the human characters act as mirrors to this impulse. Lot’s wife highlights the chasm between the desire to see and know and the limits of a gaze. Ultimately, this desire begets violence as the surveillant gaze produces cognitive dissonance and narcissism. This essay references surveillance studies, critical biblical scholarship, psychoanalytic and philosophical traditions concerning desire, particularly the desire of the eyes, the gaze, and ancient imperial surveillance practices.
Gossea Spence Bate & Westwood, 1862 (Amphipoda) and Gossea Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): reversal of presumed precedence and review of the complicated nomenclatural history
Authors: Boyko Christopher B. , De Grave Sammy
Published: August 2023

Gossea Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and Gossea Spence Bate & Westwood, 1862 (Crustacea: Amphipoda) are homonyms and Agassiz’s genus has long been considered the senior name. Discovery of copyright information for Agassiz’s book shows that the presumed order of precedence is incorrect and that Spence Bate & Westwood’s genus name is the senior homonym. A detailed history of both genera is given with the recognition that Apherusa Walker, 1891 is an unnecessary replacement name for Gossea Spence Bate & Westwood, 1862 and that Octobulbacea Zamponi, 1983, as the only available junior synonym, is the name that should be used for Gossea Agassiz, 1862.
Inland fishes of the Arabian Peninsula: Review and a revised checklist
Authors: ESMAEILI HAMID REZA , HAMIDAN NESHAT
Published: August 2023

The Arabian Peninsula comprises the seven countries of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen (including the Socotra archipelago), covering an area of more than 3 million km²). Although arid habitats cover most parts of the Arabian Peninsula, the region has several freshwater systems and comprises all or parts of four freshwater ecoregions basins that support a variety of inland aquatics including fishes. The current checklist provides all fish species in inland waters of the Arabian Peninsula including all recognized and named taxa, documenting recent changes and controversies in nomenclature, records, taxonomic status, occurrence, synonyms, common English name, range distribution, and conservation status based on several field surveys throughout the area and available articles. The confirmed inland ichthyodiversity of the Arabian Peninsula comprise 48 species belonging to 25 genera, 14 families, nine orders, and a class. Among these, 10 species (20.8%) are alien, and 21 species (52.3%) are considered endemic to the Arabian Peninsula. Favonigobius reichei is a new record for inland waters of the Arabian Peninsula. The most diverse order is Cypriniformes (19 species, 39.6%), followed by Cyprinodontiformes and Gobiiformes (eight species, 16.7% in each), Cichliformes (four species, 8.33%), Mugiliformes (three species, 6.25%), Anguilliformes and Siluriformes (two species, 4.17% in each), and Centrarchiformes and Gonorynchiformes (one species, 4.2% each). Saudi Arabia and Oman with 23 species (47.9% each) rank first in fish diversity (both native and exotic), followed by Yemen (15 species, 31.25%), UAE (seven species, 14.58%), Bahrain (two species, 4.17%), and Qatar and Kuwait (one species, 2.1% each). Of 21 endemic species of the Arabian Peninsula, six, six, and four species are restricted to the territories of Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen, respectively. No endemic fish have been reported from Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. The list also includes two subterranean species belonging to the genus Garra. The provided data will be necessary to take action for effective conservation management strategies and policies.
Machine Learning–Adjusted WRF Forecasts to Support Wind Energy Needs in Black Start Operations
Authors: Hugeback Kyle K. , Gallus William A. , Villegas Pico Hugo N.
Published: August 2023

The push for increased capacity of renewable sources of electricity has led to the growth of wind-power generation, with a need for accurate forecasts of winds at hub height. Forecasts for these levels were uncommon until recently, and that, combined with the nocturnal collapse of the well-mixed boundary layer and daytime growth of the boundary layer through the levels important for energy generation, has contributed to errors in numerical modeling of wind generation resources. The present study explores several machine learning algorithms to both forecast and correct standard WRF Model forecasts of winds and temperature at hub height within wind turbine plants over several different time periods that are critical for the anticipation of potential blackouts and aiding in black start operations on the power grid. It was found that mean square error for day-2 wind forecasts from the WRF Model can be improved by over 90% with the use of a multioutput neural network, and that 60-min forecasts of WRF error, which can then be used to adjust forecasts, can be made with an LSTM with great accuracy. Nowcasting of temperature and wind speed over a 10-min period using an LSTM produced very low error and especially skillful forecasts of maximum and minimum values over the turbine plant area.
Does Corporate Cash Holding Level Explain Mutual Fund Flow? Global Evidence
Authors: Alsubaiei Bader Jawid , Alomran Abdulaziz Ahmed
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the influence of corporate cash holdings on the flow of open-end equity mutual funds. Building on the economic mechanisms that drive investors’ decisions when they construct their portfolio, the study analyses a comprehensive global dataset that includes 13,674 firms and 58,406 funds from 23 countries for the period from 2008 to 2017. Multiple regression models (pooled and fixed effect) are implemented to explore this relationship. The results show that there is a negative relationship between mutual fund flow and corporate cash holdings which indicates the significant role corporate cash holding policies have on the mutual fund industry. This article contributes to the literature by adding a new factor that can explain mutual fund investors’ behaviour. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first study to examine the relationship between corporate cash holdings and mutual fund flow, and one of the few studies to examine the influence of corporate-level decisions on the mutual fund industry. The results could help fund managers to better forecast future fund flow by considering corporate-level policies, namely cash holdings.
The Materiality of Space: Infrastructuring the Border Space in Arunachal Pradesh
Authors: Pattnaik Jajati K. , Panda Chandan K.
Published: August 2023

The materiality of space refers to the material constituents determining the space. The spatial imagination of the borderland, characterised by critical spatiality, is materially constituted. The fact of being materially constituted means to be infrastructurally configured. The infrastructures here include hydro projects, highways, railroads, bridges, tunnels, airports, digital connectivity and other defence-related installations. These projects combine a two-pronged approach: security and development. The security challenges that the border space embodies compel the state to adopt an approach of competitive infrastructure building. The nature of this competition is determined by the competing other’s approach towards the border space. Arunachal Pradesh is a very critical border state that shares its crucial border space of 1,080 km with China, 160 km with Bhutan and 440 km with Myanmar. China’s increasing geopolitical clout in the region intensifies its spatial and material prominence. India under its Act East Policy (AEP) formulation in 2014 has taken up a very determined approach to accelerating infrastructure growth in the northeast and more particularly in Arunachal Pradesh for its border spatiality. Therefore, the border space loses its inferential, conjectural and abstract character and becomes materially determined. This imperative for materiality embodies, on the one hand, development, modernity, capitalist social space and mainstreaming of the neglected and, on the other hand, protectionism and upgradation of security architecture along critical geography known as the border space. Therefore, this study examines the development of materiality, meaning infrastructure, in a complex border space like Arunachal Pradesh. It decodes the economic logic of the systematic development of border space by the Indian nation-state from the point of view of the growth of the region and security urgency. It uses Henri Lefebvre’s theoretical formulations of spatiality to understand the convoluted category of border space and the introduction of material forces to achieve security and developmental objectives.
Sphoța Theory of Knowing and Its Implications for Higher Education
Authors: Prabakaran Madhu
Published: August 2023

The article’s central theme is that knowing cannot be equated with knowledge because knowing is an innate process and knowledge is a product. Knowing as an intuitive process is an inalienable experience, whereas knowledge is an alienable property. Knowledge is a discursive construct of human political economy, whereas knowing is the very character of existence. Knowing arises as we interact. It involves awareness, understanding and the experience of intelligence. Knowledge, on the other hand, is a commercial product of the class-ridden world. The argument has its implication for higher education, that is, higher education should primarily focus on nourishing the knowing quotient without being lost in knowledge production. The article traverses various realms of knowing, such as knowing subjects, learning beings, ontologies and epistemologies of knowledge and knowing, as they glimmered from the ancient to the modern both in the east and the west. Towards the end of the article, the arguments culminate with the philosophical narratives of an Indian philosopher Bhartṛhari, especially his sphoța theory, known as sphoța sidhantham.
Arthroscopic Repair of an Anteroinferior Capsular Tear in the Shoulder of a Throwing Athlete
Authors: Moran Thomas E. , McGuire Brian , Gwathmey F. Winston
Published: August 2023

Background:

Anterior capsular tears are often associated with traumatic glenohumeral instability episodes; however, there are not many previous descriptions in the literature without occurrence of frank dislocation. This video will discuss the presentation of a throwing athlete with an anteroinferior capsular tear in his dominant shoulder who underwent successful arthroscopic repair.

Indications:

Based on the patient's clinical symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging arthrogram findings, and failure to return to play despite attempts at conservative management, he was determined to be a candidate for arthroscopic repair.

Technique Description:

Arthroscopic repair consisted of reapproximation of the avulsed capsular tissue to its attachment point medially using suture anchors in the glenoid and a side-to-side repair of the mid-substance extension of the capsular split.

Results:

Arthroscopic repair of the anteroinferior capsular tear allowed the patient to return to his previous level of sport.

Discussion/Conclusion:

In the present case and a previous case series, surgical repair of anterior capsular tears, whether arthroscopic or open, can yield good results in throwing athletes aiming to return to prior levels of performance.

Patient Consent Disclosure Statement:

The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
High pressure facilitates delignification of Japanese cedar in supercritical methanol
Authors: Yilin Yao , Minami Eiji , Kawamoto Haruo
Published: August 2023

Supercritical methanol is a tool for decomposing woody biomass and dissolving the products under relatively mild conditions. Thus, the use of supercritical methanol—in combination with catalytic hydrogenolysis—in industrial production of biochemicals has been widely studied. However, the contribution of specific methanol properties to wood decomposition remains unclear. In this study, the effect of the pressure on the decomposition of Japanese cedar in supercritical methanol was investigated in a semi-flow reactor. Delignification progressed better at higher pressure, attributable to the ability of methanol to dissolve high molecular weight, lignin-derived oligomers at high pressure. This solubility was strongly correlated with the methanol density. Methanol pressure also affected the product yields, with higher pressure resulting in higher coniferyl alcohol and sugar yields. This is attributable to the fact that the higher pressure facilitated rapid dissolution of the decomposition products and recovery from cell walls, protecting the products from further degradation. The findings of this study will contribute to the establishment of supercritical methanol in industrial production of biochemicals.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of Dmrt genes in bivalves
Authors: Wang Quanchao , Cao Tiangui , Wang Chunde
Published: August 2023

In recent years, some common themes in the development of sex-specific traits in different animal lineages have started to emerge since the discovery of the Dmrt (doublesex-mab3-related transcription factor gene) genes. Bivalves are characterized by a diversity of sexual systems, including simultaneous hermaphroditism, sequential hermaphroditism, and strict gonochorism. However, to date, no research has focused on the genome-wide characterization and analysis of Dmrt genes in bivalves. In this study, the identification and analysis of Dmrt genes in 15 bivalves were performed using bioinformatics methods. A total of 55 Dmrt genes were retrieved in the studied bivalve genomes. The number of Dmrt genes in different species ranged from 3 to 5. The phylogenetic tree showed that Dmrt genes in bivalves can be subdivided into 5 classes: the Dmrt2-like class, Dmrt3-like class, Dmrt4/5-like class, Dsx-like class, and scallop-specific Dmrt class. The Ka/Ks ratios suggested that all Dmrt classes underwent purifying selection pressure. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal expression of Dmrt genes in four bivalve species suggested that different Dmrt genes may have different functions, and scallop-specific Dmrt genes may play a key role in sex determination/differentiation. In general, this study provides a molecular basis for in-depth examination of the functions of Dmrt genes and phylogenomic analyses in bivalves.
Management and follow-up of uveal effusion syndrome: a case report
Authors: Gao Yane , Wu Qiuxin , Xu Jing , Tian Qingmei , Xie Xiaofeng , Du Xiujuan , Bi Hongsheng
Published: August 2023

Background

We present the management and follow-up of a case of uveal effusion syndrome (UES).

Case presentation

We study the relevant recent literature reports and review the aetiology, clinical classification, pathogenesis, diagnostic characteristics, treatment methods, and prognosis of this disease. When we encounter UES patients clinically, we can classify them according to their clinical characteristics and adopt different treatment plans for different types. The retina of this patient reattached 5 months after receiving eight periocular injections of triamcinolone acetonide (TA).

Conclusions

For type III UES patients, local hormone therapy can be applied, and follow-up should be done to optimize the clinical outcome.
Protocol for the development of joint attention-based subclassification of autism spectrum disorder and validation using multi-modal data
Authors: Ko Chanyoung , Kang Soyeon , Hong Soon-Beom , Park Yu Rang
Published: August 2023

Background

Heterogeneity in clinical manifestation and underlying neuro-biological mechanisms are major obstacles to providing personalized interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite various efforts to unify disparate data modalities and machine learning techniques for subclassification, replicable ASD clusters remain elusive. Our study aims to introduce a novel method, utilizing the objective behavioral biomarker of gaze patterns during joint attention, to subclassify ASD. We will assess whether behavior-based subgrouping yields clinically, genetically, and neurologically distinct ASD groups.

Methods

We propose a study involving 60 individuals with ASD recruited from a specialized psychiatric clinic to perform joint attention tasks. Through the examination of gaze patterns in social contexts, we will conduct a semi-supervised clustering analysis, yielding two primary clusters: good gaze response group and poor gaze response group. Subsequent comparison will occur across these clusters, scrutinizing neuroanatomical structure and connectivity using structural as well as functional brain imaging studies, genetic predisposition through single nucleotide polymorphism data, and assorted socio-demographic and clinical information.

Conclusions

The aim of the study is to investigate the discriminative properties and the validity of the joint attention-based subclassification of ASD using multi-modality data.

Trial registration

Clinical trial, KCT0008530, Registered 16 June 2023, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index/index.do.
Study on the daily dose and serum concentration of clozapine in psychiatric patients and possible influencing factors of serum concentration
Authors: Liu Taixiu , Gao Peng , Xie Chuange , Zhang Heng , Shi Zheng , Chen Ruirui
Published: August 2023

Background

Clozapine is the most effective drug for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, and the dosage and concentration of clozapine in the treatment of mental illness vary greatly in different populations and are affected by many factors.

Methods

The serum clozapine concentration of 3734 psychiatric patients was detected, and data on daily dose, sex, age and other medical records were collected for statistical analysis.

Results

The mean daily dose, mean serum concentration and mean C/D (concentration/dose) ratio of clozapine were 191.02 ± 113.47 mg/day, 326.15 ± 235.66 ng/mL and 1.94 ± 1.25 ng/mL per mg/day, respectively. There was difference in daily dose between sexes, and females had higher daily dose (p <0.01), higher serum clozapine concentrations (p < 0.01) and higher C/D ratios (p < 0.01). There were significant differences in daily dose (p < 0.001), serum drug concentration (p < 0.001) and C/D ratio (p < 0.001) among different age groups. The daily dose decreased with age (p for trend < 0.001), and the C/D ratio increased with age (p for trend < 0.001). Inpatients and outpatients had no difference in daily dose, but inpatients had higher serum concentration (p < 0.001) and C/D ratio (p < 0.001). There was no difference in daily dose among different occupations, but there were significant differences in serum concentration (p < 0.001) and C/D ratio (p < 0.001), and unemployed patients may have higher serum concentration and C/D ratio. Duration of disease, comorbidity, marital status, and psychotic type may influence the daily dose and serum concentration.

Conclusions

The effective daily dose and serum concentration of clozapine in the study area may be lower than recommended levels, and women have higher serum concentrations and slower metabolic rates. With increasing age, the daily dose decreases, and the metabolic rate slows. Inpatient status and occupation of patients may influence the serum concentration and metabolic rate of clozapine.
“It’s ok that I feel like this”: a qualitative study of adolescents’ and parents’ experiences of facilitators, mechanisms of change and outcomes in a joint emotion regulation group skills training
Authors: Holmqvist Larsson K , Thunberg M , Münger A-C , Andersson G , Falkenström F , Zetterqvist M
Published: August 2023

Background

Emotion regulation difficulties underlie several psychiatric conditions, and treatments that focus on improving emotion regulation can have an effect on a broad range of symptoms. However, participants’ in-depth experiences of participating in emotion regulation treatments have not been much studied. In this qualitative study, we investigated participants’ experiences of a joint emotion regulation group skills training in a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient setting.

Methods

Twenty-one participants (10 adolescents and 11 parents) were interviewed about their experiences after they had participated in a seven-session transdiagnostic emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents. The aim of the skills training was to decrease emotion regulation difficulties, increase emotional awareness, reduce psychiatric symptoms, and enhance quality of life. The skills training consisted of psychoeducation about emotions and skills for regulating emotions. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results

The analysis resulted in three overarching themes: Parent – Child processes, Individual processes, and Group processes. The result showed that participants considered an improved parent-child relationship to be the main outcome. Increased knowledge, emotion regulation skills and behavioural change were conceptualised as both mechanisms of change and outcomes. The group format, and the fact that parents and adolescents participated together, were seen as facilitators. Furthermore, the participants experienced targeting emotions in skills training as meaningful and helpful.

Conclusion

The results highlight the potential benefits of providing emotion regulation skills training for adolescents and parents together in a group format to improve the parent-child relationship and enable the opportunity to learn skills.
Assessing self-stigma levels and associated factors among substance use disorder patients at two selected psychiatric hospitals in Egypt: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Elkalla Ibrahem Hamdey Rashed , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Baklola Mohamed , Terra Mohamed , Aboeldahab Mostafa , Sayed Samir El , ElWasify Mohammed
Published: August 2023

Background

Substance use disorder is a growing problem worldwide, and the stigma associated with it remains a significant barrier to treatment and recovery. This study aimed to assess the perceived stigma among individuals with substance use disorders and its correlation with their socio-demographic characteristics and clinical history Parameters.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 552 patients with substance use disorders admitted to the outpatient clinics of Mansoura University Hospital, Addiction Treatment Unit of the Psychiatry Department, and Port Said Mental Hospital, Addiction Department. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, which included demographic information, clinical history parameters, and the Perceived Stigma of Substance Abuse Scale (PSAS).

Results

The study found that almost half of the participants were aged 29 or younger, married, and had a median stigma score of 20. The vast majority of participants were male, had no previous legal problems, and had a median stigma score of 19. The most common type of substance used was opioids, and more than half of the participants were still using drugs. The highest mean stigma scores were for the items “Most people think less of a person who has been in treatment for substance use” and “Most employers will pass over the application of someone who has been treated for substance use in favor of another applicant.“ The perceived stigma score was significantly correlated with the severity of use but not with age or duration of use.

Conclusion

Our study investigates self-stigma in substance use disorder (SUD), revealing its variance across demographics and clinical groups. We found that self-stigma correlates with use severity and possibly decreases with abstinence. Notably, societal bias contributes significantly to self-stigma, necessitating societal interventions. The impact of self-stigma on patient well-being highlights the need for personalized treatments and stigma reduction strategies.
Improved outcome in penile cancer with radiologically enhanced stratification protocol for lymph node staging procedures: a study in 316 inguinal basins with a mean follow-up of 5 years
Authors: Kumar Vivekanandan , Kumar Prakrit R , Juette Arne , Pawaroo Davina , Ball Richard Y , Sethia Krishna K
Published: August 2023

Background

Lymph node metastasis is the main determinant of survival in penile cancer patients. Conventionally clinical palpability is used to stratify patients to Inguinal Lymph node dissection (ILND) if clinically node positive (cN +) or Dynamic sentinel node biopsy (DSNB) if clinically node negative (cN0). Studies suggest a false negative rate (FNR) of around 10% (5–13%) for DSNB. To our knowledge there are no studies reporting harder end point of survival and outcomes of all clinically node positive (cN +) patients. We present our outcome data of all patients with penile cancer including false negative rates and survival in both DSNB and ILND groups.

Methods

One hundred fifty-eight consecutive patients (316 inguinal basins), who had lymph node surgery for penile cancer in a tertiary referral centre from Jan 2008 to 2018, were included in the study. All patients underwent ultrasound (US) ± fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and then MRI/ CT, if needed, to stage their disease. We used combined clinical and radiological criteria (node size, architecture loss, irregular margins) to stratify patients to DSNB vs ILND as opposed to clinical palpability alone.

Results

11.2% i.e., 27/241 inguinal basins had lymph node positive disease by DSNB. 54.9% i.e., 39/71 inguinal basins (IBs) had lymph node-positive disease by ILND. 4 inguinal basins with no tracer uptake in sentinel node scans are being monitored at patient’s request and have not had any recurrences to date.

With a mean follow-up of 65 months (range 24–150), the false-negative rate (FNR) for DSNB is 0%. Judicious uses of cross-sectional imaging necessitated ILND in 2 inguinal basins with non-palpable nodes and negative US with false positive rate of 6.3% (2/32) for ILND. The same cohort of DSNB patients might have had 11.1% (3/27) FNR if only palpability criteria was used. 43 (28%) patients who did require cross sectional imaging as per our criteria had a low node positive rate of 4.7% (p = 0.03). Mean cancer specific survival of all node-positive patients was 105 months.

Conclusion

The performance of DSNB improved with enhanced radiological stratification of patients to either DSNB or ILND. We for the first time report the comprehensive outcome of all lymph node staging procedures in penile cancer.
Prediction of 5-year overall survival of tongue cancer based machine learning
Authors: Li Liangbo , Pu Cheng , Jin Nenghao , Zhu Liang , Hu Yanchun , Cascone Piero , Tao Ye , Zhang Haizhong
Published: August 2023

Objective

We aimed to develop a 5-year overall survival prediction model for patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma based on machine learning methods.

Subjects and methods

The data were obtained from electronic medical records of 224 OTSCC patients at the PLA General Hospital. A five-year overall survival prediction model was constructed using logistic regression, Support Vector Machines, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boosting, and Light Gradient Boosting Machine. Model performance was evaluated according to the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. The output of the optimal model was explained using the Python package (SHapley Additive exPlanations, SHAP).

Results

After passing through the grid search and secondary modeling, the Light Gradient Boosting Machine was the best prediction model (AUC = 0.860). As explained by SHapley Additive exPlanations, N-stage, age, systemic inflammation response index, positive lymph nodes, plasma fibrinogen, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, neutrophil percentage, and T-stage could perform a 5-year overall survival prediction for OTSCC. The 5-year survival rate was 42%.

Conclusion

The Light Gradient Boosting Machine prediction model predicted 5-year overall survival in OTSCC patients, and this predictive tool has potential prognostic implications for patients with OTSCC.
Influence of high-irradiance light curing on the marginal integrity of composite restorations in primary teeth
Authors: Frank Janina , Tauböck Tobias T. , Zimmermann Marcus , Attin Thomas , Hamza Blend
Published: August 2023

Background

Reducing the necessary time to restore primary teeth improves the cooperation of paediatric patients. This study aimed to investigate the marginal integrity of restorations prepared with a bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) containing additional fragmentation chain transfer (AFCT) compared to a conventional RBC when light cured with a rapid high-irradiance (3 s) and a regular (10 s) curing mode.

Methods

Forty class-II cavities were prepared in 40 primary molars. The molars were randomly divided into four groups based on the applied light-curing modes (regular: 10 s @ 1200 mW/cm2 or high-irradiance: 3 s @ 3000 mW/cm2) and the used restorative material (AFCT-containing bulk-fill RBC “Power Fill” or AFCT-free conventional RBC “Prime”). After thermo-mechanical loading, the marginal integrity was analysed using scanning electron microscopy. A beta regression model and pairwise comparisons were used to statistically analyse the data.

Results

The mean marginal integrity (% ± SD) of the restorations for each group was as follows: Power Fill (10 s: 79.7 ± 15.6) (3 s: 77.6 ± 11.3), Prime (10 s: 69.7 ± 11.1) (3 s: 75.0 ± 9.7). The difference between the RBCs for the same light-curing mode was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). The difference between the light-curing modes for the same RBC was not statistically significant (p ˃ 0.5).

Conclusions

AFCT-containing bulk-fill RBC “Power Fill” achieves similar marginal integrity when light-cured with either high-irradiance or regular light-curing modes. “Power Fill” achieves better marginal integrity than the conventional RBC “Prime” regardless of the applied light-curing mode.