bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suverenitet Bosne i Hercegovine i bosanski identitet
Authors: Lavić Senadin
Published: October 2024

Država je pravno-politički okvir zajednice ljudi koji se primarno definiraju kao građani ili državljani. Svijest o pripadanju jednoj internacionalno priznatoj državi osnova je državljanskog nacionalnog identiteta i bitno se razlikuje od narodne ili etničke svijesti koja je definirana kao pripadanje određenoj narodnoj grupi i imaginariju njezinog kulturno-psihološkog identiteta. Distinkcija između državljanskog (nacionalnog) i narodnjačkog (etničko-religijskog) identiteta često je negirana i ignorirana jer je navika bila da se navodno može samo na homogenoj monoetničkoj i monoreligijskoj osnovi praviti politička zajednica, što je pokazivalo i otkrivalo religijsku isključivost koja je ordinirala u pozadini balkanskih identitetnih procesa i ostavila svoje duboke i usmjeravajuće tragove. Proces sekularizacije i modernizacije društvenih sadržaja nikada nije proveden dosljedno i formativno u mentalitetu ljudi, niti je ispunio sadržaj političkih koncepcija koje su dubinski ostale pod uticajem religijske svijesti i mitova o porijeklu. U takvom povijesnom kontekstu otpočinje proces ustanovljavanja bosanskog državljanskog identiteta kao izraz svijesti o postojanju nezavisne bosanskohercegovačke države koja je nemilosrdno napadnuta od dva hegemonijska velikodržavna nacionalizma.
Novi geopolitički okvir za razvoj Bosne i Hercegovine u 21. stoljeću
Authors: Turčalo Sead
Published: October 2024

U uvjetima složenog i brzo evoluirajućeg geopolitičkog regionalnog i globalnog okruženja, Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH) se nalazi pred nizom izazova i prilika. Cilj ovog rada je da izloži novi geopolitički okvir za razvoj BiH, smješten u šire kontekste euroatlantskih integracija, regionalne stabilnosti i globalnih odnosa moći. Koristeći teorije klasične geopolitike rad tvrdi da strateški položaj BiH na raskrižju istočne i zapadne Evrope državu ne čini samo ranjivom nego da nudi i prednosti. U članku se koristi multidisciplinarni pristup, uključujući uvide iz političke geografije, teorije međunarodnih odnosa i studija sigurnosti. Kritički ispitujemo dugoročnu održivost Dejtonskog sporazuma, tvrdeći da je, iako je zaustavio rat, institucionalizirao etničke podjele i perpetuirao stanje političke inercije što skriva dugoročan konfliktni potencijal. Rad istražuje ulogu vanjskih aktera, poput Evropske unije, Rusije, Kine i Turske, u oblikovanju geopolitičke putanje BiH. Sugerira da su euroatlantske integracija i dalje najizgledniji put za političku i ekonomsku stabilnost BiH, ali upozorava na zamke nedostatka koherentne politike unutar EU prema BiH te sugerira stavljanje većeg fokusa na transatlantsku dimenziju integracija. Suprotno tome, analizira rastući utjecaj Rusije i Kine i Turske u regiji, kako kao potencijalnu protutežu, tako i kao komplicirajući faktor u euroatlantskim aspiracijama BiH. Rad razvija tri geopolitička okvira/scenariji za Bosnu i Hercegovinu u 21. stoljeću. To uključuje reforme usmjerene na uravnoteženu vanjsku politiku koja navigira kroz složenu mrežu regionalnih i globalnih saveza.
Mir kao pretpostavka razvitka i integracije Bosne i Hercegovine
Authors: Marković Ivo
Published: October 2024

Daytonski mirovni sporazum zaustavio je rat i omogućio pomirenje, liječenje traume i početak političke konsolidacije države BiH. Pomirenje se odvijalo uglavnom po obrnutoj skali rasta konflikta. Na bazičnoj društvenoj razini nakon 30-ak godina mira bh. je društvo dosta zdravo i konsolidirano, no politička konsolidacija države predvođena pretežno ratnicima i nacionalistima razara društveno biće države i ometa društvenu integraciju BiH. Unatoč političkim podjelama i sukobima, mir se pokazuje kao blagoslovljen ambijent života u BiH. Rat u BiH je izvorno internacionalan i BiH država se ne može riješiti izvan internacionalnog okvira. Perspektiva integracije BiH u Europsku Uniju je najbolji rezultat 30-godišnjeg mira u BiH jer, zbog vrhunske organizacije društva i zbog obveze BiH da prihvati te standarde EU, otvara mogućnost da ožive najbolja integralna iskustva BiH te da ona postane zdravo društvo koje može biti model same EU. Unatoč svim iskušenjima kroz koja BiH prolazi u miru nakon rata, mir se pokazuje kao jedini adekvatan ambijent i najveća vrednota bez koje nitko u BiH nema šansu išta postići, pa narušavanje mira provokativnim sukobima dezintegrira BiH na štetu svih, osobito onih koji te sukobe pokreću. BiH kao žarište rata i poratne nestabilnosti ima šansu iz pasivne mirovne pozicije prijeći u aktivnog promotora rješenja sukoba, mira i međuvjerskog razumijevanja.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONCEPT IN EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK LAW
Authors: Dimitrijević Marko B.
Published: October 2024

The subject of this paper is the introduction of the environmental protection concept in the central banking law to preserve natural resources and contribute to ensuring sustainable economic development. In that sense, the author will attempt to describe the potential contribution of green central bank legislation in managing and mitigating environmental issues, aiming to identify the ecological dimension of the European Central Bank (ECB) mandate, as the supreme monetary institution of the European Union (EU). The following text focuses on the functional analysis of the ECB’s potential legal mandate for environmental activities, their scope, limitations, and practical justification where the introduction of these new activities must be carefully managed without creating a collision with its primary task of maintaining monetary and financial stability.tability.
EVOLUTIVE INTERPRETATION WITH REFERENCE TO RECENT EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS CLIMATE CHANGE CASE LAW
Authors: Kotlo Rebeka , Tomić Ivan
Published: October 2024

Evolutive interpretation is one of the most important principles of interpretation that has enabled the Court to interpret the Convention in the light of present-day conditions, expanding the scope of protection under the Convention, and at the same time, raising the question of the permissible limits of interpretation. In the recent climate change case law, the Court has found a violation due to the failure of the respondent state to develop and implement a normative framework that would mitigate the consequences of climate change. The Court has applied evolutive interpretation considering that the Convention does not guarantee the right to a healthy environment or a similar right. The authors use the normative and casuistic methods to determine whether the Court’s recent climate change case law provides clearer parameters for the application of the evolutive interpretation. The research results indicate that judicial case law is not coherent with regard to these conditions, and consequently, the limits of the Convention’s evolutive potential remain unclear.
Organization and Implementation of a Common Space for the Promotion of Local Products in Côte d’Ivoire: The Case of the Boutique Paysanne
Authors: Flore – LAGO KOUASSI Dja , COULIBALY Lacina
Published: October 2024

This article explores the implementation of an institutional innovation carried out in the agricultural world. By questioning the aspects relating to the creation of the common space for the promotion of local products, the identification of members, the development of the operating and governance strategy, the implementation of this space, monitoring and administration of advice to cooperators, the author aims to present an innovation that contributes to the empowerment of women processors of local agricultural products. This requires both primary and secondary data to be collected. The results obtained draw their source from the field survey which used techniques (documentary research and semi-directed interview) and a tool (interview grid) for data collection. The data collected was analyzed using rational choice theory.
Analyzing the University Library's Budget Utilization over the Past Five Years: A Case of Navsari Agricultural University in Navsari, Gujarat, India
Authors: Dhimar Rakesh N.
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted on the assessment of budget preparation, utilization, and evaluation in the case of Navsari Agricultural University in Navsari, Gujarat. This paper is study about library budget of University Library, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat during the last Five Years. This paper study various resources have been purchased by library during last five years. This paper also highlights the amount spent and utilization of this budjet by all different resources like books, e-books, print journals, e-database etc. This study gives the brief background of the university library, NAU, Navsari budjet allocation and their uses by students, faculty and research scholar. This paper compares five years Budget (i.e. April-2019March-2024) in this particular institutes. This paper also indicatevarious reading materials and resources made available to their users, faculty and scientific staff of this university. Most of the University library are suffering for less budjet, so this study is done for evaluate budget of University library, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat was done. I have collect data for this research through annual report of Navsari Agricultural University and also with their concern staff. Target audience of his study in all agricultural university of india, their users, faculty, research scholar and authority.
Assessing Socio-economic Dynamics and Willingness to Pay for Improved Ecosystem: A Study of Coastal Communities of Korapuzha Estuary, Kerala, India
Authors: Abhijith Ramya , K.Vinod  , P.K. Asokan , M.T. Shilta
Published: October 2024

The present study delved into the socio-economic condition of Korapuzha estuarine community, Kerala, India. The work focused on familiarization of the concept willingness to Pay (WTP) among the respondents and determined significant influence of socio-economic dynamics of respondents with their WTP. A survey covered 425 households, comprising of 1713 individuals. The study signified a high educational status of the respondents (97 %). Despite this, only 7% were initially familiarized with the concept of WTP. It was observed that younger generation and men showed more response of positive WTP. Little influence noticed from lower-income households and women community, justifying with their financial constraints and no role in financial implications. The study observed a significant impact of income earning on WTP with higher income earners willing to contribute more in ecosystem revival.
Being a fishing village, a gradual shift noticed in respondent’s livelihood preferences from traditional fishing practices to other subsidiaries (86%). A positive response noticed among respondents (60%) towards the WTP after detailing. The respondents (98.2%) showed strong awareness on the estuary’s declining health and 99% of respondents advocated for immediate government intervention for estuary revival activities.
The present study highlighted the formulation of gender-inclusive policies, generation of subsidiary income for livelihood enhancement and more concentration on environmental education and awareness, can result in increased involvement of community in conservational and management measures. The study recommends to uplift the socio-economic dynamics of community and ecosystem sustainability leading to a balanced community development along with sustaining ecological health.
Peran Museum Zoologi sebagai Sarana Edukasi dan Daya Tarik Wisata
Authors: Yuniati Anik , Setiawan Alex , Mardiyanto Ari , Yulianti  , Toro Sahlan , Suzana Yanti
Published: October 2024

Indonesia selain kaya akan budaya Indonesia juga kaya akan keanekaragaman fauna, khusunya ikan, terdiri dari 8500 jenis, 1300 jenis hidup di ekosistim air tawar, merupakan 45% dari jumlah jenis global di dunia. Kehilangan habitat adalah ancaman utama bagi kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia. Beberapa kawasan alami yang tersisa, baik di dalam kawasan lindung ataupun di luar, menunjukan kondisi yang mengkhawatirkan, bahkan cenderung tidak dapat dipulihkan. Ekosistim perairan air tawar paling banyak mendapat tekanan. Untuk lebih mengetahui kekayaan keanekaragaman ikan, harus banyak belajar dan mencari informasi ilmiah yang lebih intensif. Koleksi sistematik di Museum Zoologi Bogor menyediakan informasi mengenai materi acuan dasar akan inventaris keanekaragaman dan monitoring di Indonesia. Museum Zoologi berperan aktif dalam menyediakan bahan acuan koleksi ilmiah dan dapat diakses, data lain yang terhimpun berupa data habitat, geografi dan lingkungan. Hal tersebut merupakan suatu komponen yang terintegrasi dari strategi konservasi keanekaragaman hayati Indonesia.
Application of Importance Performance Analysis Method for Service Identification in the Learning Process
Authors: Sumampouw Michael George , Wikarsa Liza , Rumondor Axl Marselino
Published: October 2024

The learning process is a series of activities and interactions that occur as individuals acquire new knowledge, skills, attitudes or understanding through various means. Responses and feedback in the context of the classroom, practical experience or other learning resources are integral to this process. The Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method is used to identify, measure, and evaluate the importance and performance of components in a system or organization. This study proposes a web-based application, namely Application of Importance Performance Analysis Method, to digitize the process of identifying service attributes in learning at the Faculty of Engineering, De La Salle Catholic University Manado. Using the IPA method, this application assists decision makers in formulating effective strategies and policies to improve the quality of education. The method used to develop this application is the Rapid Application Development method. This solution overcomes complicated data processing problems and provides convenience in compiling reports on the learning process every semester.
The Meaning of Sign in Political Advertising of the Indonesian Presidential Election
Authors: Hartanto Arief
Published: October 2024

Political advertising is part of a political campaign used by presidential and vice-presidential candidates for taking voters a voice. Every political advertising is produced that creates a certain meaning through a sign or symbol which contains a message from presidential and vice-presidential candidates. Message in political advertising can describe the image of candidate pairs of leadership candidates with the appropriate character and related to the issues they want to build. This research is qualitative research using semiotic analysis. The object of research is the political advertising of the presidential and vice-presidential candidate pair Jokowi Amin in 2019. This political advertising was taken from the social media account of Youtube KPU-RI. This paper was aimed to conduct an analysis of signs in Jokowi Amin political advertising in the 2019 election and to find out the political advertising category in the positive or negative advertising. Jokowi, who is a presidential candidate and incumbent that has a special strategy for created political advertising used in his campaign. Overall, political advertising Jokowi Amin has a communication style that features several signs as his trademark and is in a positive category.
Preacher as Communicator: The Role and Credibility in Delivering Da'wah to the Converted Community in the Karomba Mountains Area, Pinrang Regency
Authors: Tahir Aswar , Cangara Hafied , Arianto Arianto
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the role and credibility of preachers as communicators in conveying the message of da'wah to the converted community in the Karomba Mountain Area Pinrang Regency. This research uses qualitative methods to understand and analyze the role and credibility of preachers in conveying the message of da'wah. data collection techniques are carried out with in-depth interviews, direct observations, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this research are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study found that the role of preachers in conveying the message of da'wah to the converts, namely preachers as mentors or coaches. preacher as an extension of Islam and preacher as the problem solver. While the credibility of preachers as communicators in conveying the message of da'wah can be seen from communication skills, knowledge related to the values of Islamic religious teachings, attitudes, and socio-cultural systems.
Social Media “Bali Clarify” as an Antidote to Hoaxes in Pandemic of Covid-19
Authors: Iswara Agus Ari , Larasati Ajeng
Published: October 2024

The pandemic of the Covid-19 Virus was used by hoax producers as momentum to spread false information. It has also happened in Bali Province. All parties must cooperate to stop the spread of hoaxes and additional media were needed to verify the correctness of the information and convey facts to the public. This research examined the category of hoaxes related to Covid-19 and the use of the “Bali Carify” social media account as a medium for publishing fact-checking results as well as educating the public about the 7 categories of hoaxes. This research used two data sources: reports were released by Bali Province Office of Communication, Information, and Statistic (Diskominfos) and social media monitoring results. Data collection techniques use secondary data in the form of journals, books, and mass media that were relevant to the problems in the study. The object of this research was hoaxes related to Covid-19. This research applied the theory of classification hoaxes into seven categories and theory to verify the correctness of the information. Data analysis was performed inductively.  The data period was limited to only from January to June 2020 (six months). From 14 samples of hoax data that content was related to the Covid-19 phenomenon in Bali, one data was taken that can represent the hoax in the specified category. The results found that there were six categories of hoaxes circulating in Bali, namely parody, misleading content, fake content, fake content, false context, and manipulated content.
“How Green Do We Have to Be?” Reading Laudate Deum in the Lenses of Inclusivity
Authors: Piscos James Loreto
Published: October 2024

Reading Laudate Deum in the Lenses of Inclusivity is not just an academic exercise. It is a commitment to walk with Pope Francis’ call to act immediately to address the issues of climate change and global environmental crisis. The paper aims to present the key concepts of his apostolic exhortation that advance the theme of inclusivity. It shall include a trace in the development of his concepts of inclusivity in his writings and programs, identify them in the text itself of Laudate Deum, and examine them within the framework of intersectionality. Pope Francis has been highly vocal about the technocratic paradigm that dominates and causes havoc to the harmony that the people of this world can enjoy. He urges world leaders to do something since his encyclical is at the best time to influence the United Nations Climate Summit (COP28). But beyond the rhetoric are issues that need to be responded to. The call is for everyone regardless of background and we are all united to work together to take care of our earth, our home.
Unpacking Province Creation in The Philippines
Authors: Tumanut Michael
Published: October 2024

To enhance service delivery and local democracy, legislators have tinkered with size or status of local governments in the Philippines. This elasticity in local borders has been more evident at the province level, the highest local government tier. Since 1987, a new province is birthed roughly every three years. As the determinants and mechanisms of contemporary province fragmentation are under-examined, this article investigates, at several policymaking levels and dimensions, attempts to redraw borders of Philippine provinces. Framed by an institutional framework and a case-study approach, and employing a veto-player analysis, heuristic cases of two provinces (Quezon and Zamboanga del Sur) were unpacked and compared. Findings reveal that there is a large and fragmented veto-player group in the area of territorial rescaling of provinces. Congruence of preferences among veto players was observed to be influenced by territorial leveraging, pivot on networks and reciprocity norm, and mirroring of preferences. The tenacity and strategic actions of reform agent or policy entrepreneur (usually the congressman), sometimes assisted by social movement, is likewise found crucial in the pathways leading to reform outcomes. In a simple cross-case analysis of recent reform attempts, findings also suggest that the provinces’ core-periphery location pattern, and proposed type of spatio-jurisdictional partition are associated with reform outcomes.
Recordações Especiais de Uma Ex-Presidente
Authors: Medeiros Claudia Bauzer
Published: October 2024

Este artigo não possui um resumo.
Avaliação de Usabilidade do CoderBot como Recurso Pedagógico no Ensino de Programação
Authors: Miranda Andre L. M. , Garcia Renato , Oran Ana Carolina , Guedes Gilleanes T. A. , Santana Brenda S. , Silva Davi G. , Valle Pedro H. D. , Silva Williamson
Published: October 2024

A programação é um dos primeiros conteúdos ensinados nos cursos de Engenharia de Software. No entanto, esses conteúdos frequentemente são percebidos como complexos pelos estudantes. Diante dos avanços na aprendizagem mediada pela tecnologia, surgiram novas soluções potenciais, como os agentes conversacionais baseados em texto, ou chatbots. Neste trabalho, apresentamos o CoderBot, um agente pedagógico educacional fundamentado na Aprendizagem Baseada em Exemplos, projetado para auxiliar estudantes iniciantes na compreensão de conteúdos de programação. Realizamos um estudo exploratório para avaliar a usabilidade do CoderBot utilizando o questionário System Usability Scale (SUS). Os resultados indicam que o nível de satisfação na utilização do CoderBot é aceitável.
Inovação através do Uso de Bots no Tribunal de Justiça do Amazonas: Um Relato de Experiência
Authors: Anderlin Neto Amadeu
Published: October 2024

Com o advento da transformação digital as organizações, públicas ou privadas, devem repensar a forma de conduzir suas operações. Nesse sentido, o uso de RPAs (também chamados de bots) se torna um forte aliado que proporciona maior produtividade e efetividade, além de reduzir a taxa de erros na realização de atividades repetitivas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um relato de experiência durante o desenvolvimento de dois bots para uma organização do setor público. São descritas as etapas de desenvolvimento, bem como os resultados alcançados com o uso dos bots. Outrossim, dificuldades e lições aprendidas são discutidas a fim de auxiliar futuros desenvolvedores de bots.
EU’s Digital Diplomacy
Authors: Nisch Stefan
Published: October 2024

This book analyses the EU's digital diplomacy through Ursula von der Leyen's Twitter communications. The reader is given an insight into the EU's communication strategies during the Ukraine crisis and its role as a global actor. The study includes an analysis of over 2500 tweets and uses methods such as VADER Sentiment Analysis and LDA Topic Modelling to capture themes and emotional nuances. The results show how political communication in social media influences public perception and political discourse. In addition, the analyses of Ursula von der Leyen's communications are compared with studies on Olaf Scholz.
Objective Monitoring of Pain Using High Frequency Heart Rate Variability—A Narrative Review
Authors: Hum Bill , Shibly Yusef , Christophides Alexa , Jin Zhaosheng , Elias Murad , Bergese Sergio
Published: October 2024

Managing pain when a patient cannot communicate, during anesthesia or critical illness, is a challenge many clinicians face. Numerous subjective methods of evaluating pain have been developed to address this, for instance, the visual analog and numerical rating scale. Intraoperatively, objective monitoring of pain in anesthetized patients is assessed through hemodynamic parameters; however, these parameters may not always accurately reflect pain perception. The high-frequency heart rate variability index (HFVI), also known as analgesia nociception index (ANI), is a commercially available device developed by MDoloris that objectively assesses nociception based on patient electrocardiogram, sympathetic tone, and parasympathetic tone. The monitor displays a value from 0–100, where <50 indicates nociception and >50 indicates anti-nociception. Given its potential to objectively monitor pain, numerous studies have utilized this device in clinical and non-clinical settings. As such, we conducted a literature review using various search terms in PubMed and selected HFVI studies based on our inclusion criteria for this review. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which numerous available nociception monitors assess pain along with the results of clinical and non-clinical HFVI studies to provide a comprehensive summary for clinicians interested in or considering the use of novel pain monitoring.
Soil Contamination, Risk Assessment, and Remediation
Authors: Mal Meena Pooran , Aggarwal R.K. , Meena Ramu , Singh Rathore Madhurjit
Published: October 2024

Soil amendment” refers to the alteration of soil properties driven by human activities. This includes actions such as spreading, compaction, erosion and fertility loss, which reshape the land and necessitate qualitative and quantitative risk assessment methods to address associated risks. Soil pollution, resulting from the excessive use of agrochemicals, waste materials, and toxic elements, disrupts soil organisms and fertility. Agrochemicals can contaminate soils through agricultural practices, impacting soil health. Irrigation water quality, indicated by salinity and soluble sodium percentage, also plays a crucial role in soil contamination. Additionally, emerging concerns arise from microplastics due to their persistence and potential ecological impacts. Remediation strategies for heavy metal-contaminated soils involve. Physical methods like soil replacement and thermal desorption address contamination by removing or treating soil on-site or off-site. Chemical fixation immobilizes contaminants using specific chemicals, while biological remediation, such as phytoremediation and bioremediation. Risk assessment, crucial for understanding the extent and severity of soil contamination, aids in effective remediation by considering factors such as contaminant concentrations, exposure pathways, and potential ecological and human health impacts. Overall, safeguarding soil health against pollution, erosion, and urbanization is essential for maintaining food and grazing resources.
Blueprints for Sustainability: An In-Depth Study of Construction
Authors: Ntakana Khululekani , Ahmi Aidi
Published: October 2024

This study systematically explores sustainable construction, a crucial intersection of environmental stewardship and the built environment. It aims to map the scholarly landscape, analyzing publications from 1996 to 2024 sourced from Scopus, using robust bibliometric methods including keyword co-occurrence, trend analysis, and multiple correspondence analyses. This approach identifies key thematic developments over time, such as material innovation, environmental impact assessment, and emerging technologies, highlighting an expanding trajectory in research evidenced by increasing publications and citations. Significant research contributions with high citation metrics are pinpointed, emphasizing their influence in advancing sustainable methodologies. However, the study’s scope is constrained by reliance on a single database, potentially limiting the breadth of global research coverage. Nonetheless, it offers valuable insights for academia, industry, and policymakers, suggesting future interdisciplinary inquiries and regional research explorations. This research distinguishes itself through its comprehensive temporal and thematic mapping of sustainable construction, using advanced bibliometric analyses to inform stakeholders about the field’s dynamic contours and future research directions crucial for sustainable development in construction.
Regenerative Medicine for the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis: Current Progress and Future Challenges
Authors: Kawata Miho , Nagasaki Hiroshi
Published: October 2024

The hypothalamus is composed of heterogenous cell populations and contains highly complex neural circuits that regulate the autonomic nervous system. In particular, the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is the command center for the secretion of hormones that act throughout the body, and its dysfunction leads to severe endocrine disorders. Stem cell therapy is a promising tool for the treatment of hypothalamic-pituitary disorders. To date, several groups have reported the differentiation of hypothalamic neurons from mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) or pituitary cells from mESCs or human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). In addition, several studies have shown that ectopically transplanted in vitro-generated hypothalamic neurons and pituitary cells function properly in vivo. This paper reviews the current status and future prospects of hypothalamic and pituitary transplantation, including the results of our hypothalamic organoid transplantation.
Methodological Competence as a Success Factor for Apprenticeship
Authors: Seyffer Silke , Hochmuth Melanie , Ulrich Angela , Nadine Geßler Alina , Frey Andreas
Published: October 2024

Transferable competences in vocational education and training are becoming increasingly important due to the highly dynamic labor market. They contribute to enabling apprentices to adapt quickly to new requirements. While previous studies have taken a deficit approach and examined reasons for dropouts, this study focuses on determinants of successful completion of apprenticeship. Using a German sample based on the self-assessment of 16,839 apprentices in vocational training programs from 2011 to 2018, this study examines the effect of transferable competences on subjective apprenticeship success with a particular focus on methodological competence. Besides the assessment of social competence, methodological competence also proves to be a relevant determinant for apprenticeship. Gender differences can be observed in this context. Recommendations for supporting transferable competences during vocational training are provided. Furthermore, innovative learning cultures in companies for the adaptation of training to the changed demands on the competences of apprentices will be addressed.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Triggered Innate Immune Response and Its Therapeutic Implications
Authors: He Yinghong , Shen Boyuan , Zhou Xiang
Published: October 2024

Mitochondria are essential organelles that play a pivotal role in a variety of biological processes, including energy production, metabolism, cell death, and inflammation. Interestingly, within these organelles lies a hidden component with the potential to activate the innate immune system: mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Pathogenic microorganisms invasion or danger signals can cause mitochondrial structures to become abnormal or dysfunctional, leading to the release of mtDNA into the cytoplasm, which in turn triggers the innate immune response. The leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, which results in the production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, when mtDNA is oxidized, it can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the initiation of various cell death mechanisms, such as pyroptosis. In this review, we delve into the role of mtDNA released from dysfunctional mitochondria as a potent activator of the immune system, which can lead to a cascade of inflammatory reactions. The engagement of the STING and NLRP3 inflammasomes is intricately linked to the development of inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Targeting these pathways with specific agonists or inhibitors holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for a range of immune-related diseases and cancer.
Numerical Methods for the Viscid and Inviscid Burgers Equations
Authors: Baccouch Mahboub
Published: October 2024

The Burgers equation is the simplest equation combining both nonlinear propagation effects and diffusive effects. It describes a weak shock phenomena in gas dynamics. This equation has been a center of interest for researchers studying various physical phenomena such as theory of shock waves, fluid dynamics, turbulent flow and gas dynamics. In this chapter, the viscid and inviscid Burgers equations are studied. Two important mathematical models described by the Burgers equations are presented. Then a very brief review of theoretical results for conservation laws are provided. In particular, the characteristic method is used to demonstrate the development of shocks. Furthermore, the notion of weak solutions, state the Rankine-Hugoniot jump condition, and introduce the notion of an entropy condition are introduced. Finally, several important numerical methods to approximate the solution to the viscid and inviscid Burgers equations are developed. For the inviscid Burgers equation, the classical finite difference and finite volume methods are presented in details including Up-wind nonconservative, Up-wind conservative, Lax-Friedrichs, Lax-Wendroff, MacCormack, Godunov methods. In addition, the discontinuous Galerkin method is described in details. For the viscid Burgers equation, a finite difference method, a Chebyshev collocation method, an ultra-weak discontinuous Galerkin method, and a local discontinuous Galerkin method are presented.
Modern Strategies in Treatment of the Most Common Central Nervous System Tumors in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Vukić Miroslav , Pašalić Ivan
Published: October 2024

Primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) represent 20% of all solid pediatric tumors. In this chapter, we want to present the latest approaches in the treatment of the most common CNS tumors that occur in the pediatric population. Those are pilocytic astrocytomas, medulloblastomas, ependymomas, and craniopharyngiomas. CNS tumors can be benign or malignant. Their clinical manifestations, in the form of a focal neurological deficit, an epileptic seizure, or simply symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, are the reason for establishing a working diagnosis and indications for active treatment. While in the case of benign CNS tumors, complete surgical resection generally leads to a cure, in the case of malignant tumors, surgery is frequently only one of the stages in the treatment process. In addition to the open surgical approach, radiosurgery (RS) as well as oncological treatment that includes radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) are often part of the treatment scheme for the abovementioned CNS tumors. Also, it is important to highlight that in the treatment of craniopharyngiomas, due to damage to the pituitary stalk, hormonal therapy (HT) is often necessary. Therefore, the treatment of CNS tumors is often complex and with a questionable outcome.
Bioinformatics in Green and Sustainable Technologies
Authors: Rathod Sapna , Patel Nisarg , Prajapati Bhupendra
Published: October 2024

The widespread issues with environmental deterioration have compelled society to reconsider its methods of growth and to develop the idea of sustainable development. A new field called bioinformatics that integrates computational biology allows scientists to exploit biological data in great detail for the growth of their field. In bioinformatics, computers are used to store, process and analyse enormous volumes of data as well as to retrieve it. The study of bioinformatics has attracted considerable attention recently. In order to deduce the information and make discoveries, bioinformatics creates algorithms and appropriate data analysis tools. When different bioinformatics tools are used in biological research, the results can be stored, retrieved, analysed, annotated, and visualised, which aids in a more thorough knowledge of biological systems. Sustainability is a key focus in environmental science and the expansion of the world economy, and sustainable technology is frequently associated with the design and analysis of complex, integrated management systems and sustainable development. This has improved understanding of complicated phenomena like evolution, adaptation, and ecology and made it possible to retrieve information about the evolutionary relationships among all living things. We give an overview of some of the informatics, genomic, and metabolomic methods being utilised, created, or currently under development for the study of microbial diversity and ecology.
Micellar Polymer Flooding
Authors: El-Hoshoudy Abdelaziz
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses one of the crucial chemical-enhanced oil recovery systems associated with a combination of micellar and polymer flooding during the tertiary recovery process. Generally, polymer flooding relies on increasing displacing fluid viscosity to improve mobility ratio and sweeping efficiency. on the other hand, micellar flooding aims to decrease O/W interfacial tension, so improve displacement efficiency. The combination of both techniques and investigating their synergistic effect during the flooding process is a crucial issue that helps petroleum engineers assign the optimum flooding technique through reservoir management. The current trends and updated technologies in this field as well as previous literature will be discussed highlighting the sides of their advantages and limitations.
GOODBRA(i)NDS: “I don’t Want to be Loved, I Want to be Preferred”
Authors: Boutié Philippe , Janić Milan , Ćirović Marko
Published: October 2024

The concept of “doing good” in business has become increasingly important, not only for ethical reasons but also for gaining a competitive edge. In today’s economy, where corporate social responsibility (CSR) plays a significant role, businesses that prioritize ethics often find themselves ahead of the curve. However, simply acting ethically is not always enough. Brands must go beyond mere compliance and actively engage their stakeholders to join them on the journey toward positive change. This is where the GOODBRA(i)ND model comes into play. Based on a powerful Nobel Prize-winning psychology model and previous research in NeuroCSR, GOODBRA(i)ND offers a neuroscience-based approach to building brands that prioritize brain-friendly communications for a better world. It provides a framework for brands to transition from simply acting good to becoming leaders in ethical business practices. By embracing the principles of GOODBRA(i)ND, brands can not only foster positive change within their own operations but also inspire their stakeholders to join them in creating a brighter future. By doing so, they can reap the rewards of good karma and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Biosafety of Implantoplasty in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis
Authors: Toledano-Serrabona Jorge , Camps-Font Octavi , Gil Javier , Valmaseda-Castellón Eduard , Gay-Escoda Cosme , Ángeles Sánchez-Garcés Mª.
Published: October 2024

Dental implantology has transformed modern dentistry, providing long-lasting solutions for patients with various types of edentulism. However, the increased use of dental implants has led to more complications. Peri-implantitis, an inflammatory disease affecting tissues around implants, causes bone loss and can lead to implant failure if untreated. The shift from mechanical to treated (roughened) implant surfaces has improved osseointegration but complicated decontamination. Various methods, such as sprays, electrolysis, and techniques like titanium brushes or implantoplasty, have been proposed to address these challenges. Implantoplasty, which involves smoothing and polishing the implant surface to remove bacterial biofilm and reduce roughness, is effective in treating peri-implantitis. However, it generates metallic particles that could adversely affect peri-implant tissues and systemic health. This chapter evaluates the biosafety of implantoplasty, examining the physicochemical characteristics of released metal particles, their impact on cellular health, the inflammatory and osteogenic response, and systemic effects observed in animal model studies.
HIV and Lymphoma
Authors: Niilonga Kalambi-Matengu Esther , Botsile Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

The global HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a burden in the health sector, with endemicity in some parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The risk for lymphoma development in the HIV-positive population surpasses that of the HIV-negative population. The pathogenesis of HIV-associated lymphoma is multifactorial, owing to, but not limited to, the inherent oncogenicity of HIV, dysregulation of the immune system and increased opportunistic infections with oncoviruses. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for more than 80% of HIV-associated lymphomas and is considered an AIDS-defining event. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, although not considered AIDS-defining, is well documented in persons living with HIV (PLWH). These lymphomas often arise from the B-cell lineage, presenting with an aggressive clinical course. Before combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), the prognosis was dismal. With the advent of effective cART, improved immune function, and more robust chemoimmunotherapeutic options, clinical outcomes have improved significantly.
Of Hackers and Privateers: The Possible Evolution of the Problem of Cyber-Attribution
Authors: Vostoupal Jakub , Uhlířová Kateřina
Published: October 2024

The escalating severity of the cyber-attribution problem (a problem with attributing cyberattacks to states that ordered them) poses a significant challenge to international law and cyberspace security. However, amidst worsening international relations, a viable solution remains elusive. To address this predicament, the authors turn to a historical echo of the contemporary practice of employing hacker groups – namely, privateering. After an in-depth examination of this analogy’s suitability, they focus mainly on the factors that contributed to the decline of privateering. Their goal is to uncover parallels potentially applicable to mitigating modern challenges posed by state-sponsored cyberattacks and the exploitation of cyber-attribution problem. Among the key identified factors, the most crucial were the emergence of professional cyber-capacities (akin to post-Napoleonic emergence of professional navies) and the disruption of hackers’ safe havens. The paper concludes by introducing three prospective scenarios reflecting potential pathways for the future of the cyber-attribution challenges.
Conceptualizing digital transformation in the energy and oil and gas sector
Authors: Enobong Hanson  , Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Yetunde Adenike Adebayo  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

Digital transformation in the energy and oil & gas sector is increasingly pivotal for optimizing operations, enhancing efficiency, and ensuring alignment with industry standards. This abstract explores how the integration of digital technologies—such as real-time data analytics, cloud-based systems, and automation—can revolutionize energy and oil & gas operations. By leveraging real-time data analytics, companies can monitor and adjust production processes with precision, leading to reduced operational downtime and optimized resource management. Cloud-based systems provide a scalable platform for storing and processing large volumes of data, facilitating better decision-making through enhanced collaboration and access to insights across multiple sites. Automation technologies streamline repetitive tasks, improving operational safety and minimizing human error, which contributes to cost savings and increased productivity. This study presents a conceptual framework for deploying digital tools to achieve operational excellence in the sector. The framework emphasizes aligning digital initiatives with core operational goals, ensuring compliance with industry standards, and fostering a data-driven culture to support continuous improvement. Additionally, it highlights the role of predictive maintenance in reducing equipment failures by analyzing historical data, thereby preventing costly unplanned downtimes. The paper also addresses the importance of cybersecurity measures in safeguarding digital infrastructure, given the increased exposure to cyber threats in a more interconnected operational environment. Ultimately, the integration of these digital technologies not only enhances efficiency but also supports sustainability efforts by optimizing energy use, reducing emissions, and advancing the shift towards greener energy solutions. By examining case studies and best practices, this abstract underscores the transformative potential of digitalization in driving long-term success and competitive advantage for energy and oil & gas companies.
A conceptual framework for sustainable energy practices in oil and gas operations
Authors: Chukwuebuka Nwakile  , Enobong Hanson  , Yetunde Adenike Adebayo  , Andrew Emuobosa Esiri
Published: October 2024

The global energy sector faces mounting pressure to adopt sustainable practices, particularly in the oil and gas industry, where emissions and resource depletion are critical concerns. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for sustainable energy practices in oil and gas operations, emphasizing emission reduction, resource optimization, and environmental stewardship. The framework integrates key sustainability principles into energy-intensive activities, guiding companies toward greener operational models while maintaining efficiency and profitability. Central to this framework is the implementation of real-time monitoring systems and predictive analytics to manage emissions and enhance operational performance. By leveraging advanced technologies, oil and gas companies can gain actionable insights into energy consumption, identify inefficiencies, and anticipate equipment failures, significantly reducing their environmental footprint. Predictive analytics enables companies to optimize resource utilization, minimize waste, and align their activities with broader environmental goals. The framework also promotes a proactive approach to environmental stewardship by encouraging the adoption of cleaner energy sources, such as renewable energy, within oil and gas operations. This includes exploring hybrid energy solutions that combine traditional fossil fuels with renewable alternatives to balance reliability with sustainability. Additionally, the framework advocates for a robust regulatory and compliance mechanism, ensuring that companies meet or exceed environmental standards while fostering transparency in reporting emissions and sustainability metrics. By aligning operational strategies with green energy objectives, the proposed framework facilitates the transition toward more sustainable practices in the oil and gas sector, addressing the industry's long-standing environmental challenges. This model offers a pathway for companies to contribute to global efforts to mitigate climate change while ensuring long-term viability in an increasingly environmentally conscious market.
Support for neurodivergent children and young people
Authors:   Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Vo Sam , Webb Laura
Published: October 2024

This POSTnote considers support available for neurodivergent children and young people in healthcare and education, and barriers to accessing that support.
Eroxon — An OTC Gel for Erectile Dysfunction
Authors:   Editors from The Medical Letter
Published: October 2024

The FDA has authorized over-the-counter (OTC) sale of a nonmedicated alcohol-based gel (Eroxon – Futura) for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in males ≥22 years old. Eroxon is the only FDA-approved OTC and topical treatment for erectile dysfunction. It is also available in the UK and the EU.