bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discriminant Power of Smartphone-Derived Keystroke Dynamics for Mild Cognitive Impairment Compared to a Neuropsychological Screening Test: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Park Jin-Hyuck
Published: October 2024

Background

Conventional neuropsychological screening tools for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) face challenges in terms of accuracy and practicality. Digital health solutions, such as unobtrusively capturing smartphone interaction data, offer a promising alternative. However, the potential of digital biomarkers as a surrogate for MCI screening remains unclear, with few comparisons between smartphone interactions and existing screening tools.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of smartphone-derived keystroke dynamics, captured via the Neurokeys keyboard app, in distinguishing patients with MCI from healthy controls (HCs). This study also compared the discriminant performance of these digital biomarkers against the Korean version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-K), which is widely used for MCI detection in clinical settings.

Methods

A total of 64 HCs and 47 patients with MCI were recruited. Over a 1-month period, participants generated 3530 typing sessions, with 2740 (77.6%) analyzed for this study. Keystroke metrics, including hold time and flight time, were extracted. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of keystroke dynamics in discriminating between HCs and patients with MCI. This study also explored the correlation between keystroke dynamics and MoCA-K scores.

Results

Patients with MCI had significantly higher keystroke latency than HCs (P<.001). In particular, latency between key presses resulted in the highest sensitivity (97.9%) and specificity (96.9%). In addition, keystroke dynamics were significantly correlated with the MoCA-K (hold time: r=–.468; P<.001; flight time: r=–.497; P<.001), further supporting the validity of these digital biomarkers.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the potential of smartphone-derived keystroke dynamics as an effective and ecologically valid tool for screening MCI. With higher sensitivity and specificity than the MoCA-K, particularly in measuring flight time, keystroke dynamics can serve as a noninvasive, scalable, and continuous method for early cognitive impairment detection. This novel approach could revolutionize MCI screening, offering a practical alternative to traditional tools in everyday settings.

Trial Registration

Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20220415002; https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20220415002
Improvement of Motor Imagination and Manual Ability Through Virtual Reality and Selective and Nonselective Functional Electrical Stimulation: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Santamaría-Vázquez Montserrat , Ortiz-Huerta J Hilario , Martín-Odriozola Aitor , Saiz-Vazquez Olalla
Published: October 2024

Background

Motor imagery (MI) is a cognitive process that has been shown to be useful in the rehabilitation process after brain injury. Moreover, functional electrical stimulation (FES) and virtual reality (VR) have also been shown to be effective interventions in many parameters, and there is some evidence of their contribution to the improvement of MI capacity.

Objective

This study aimed to compare the improvements in MI parameters, grip strength, and manual dexterity obtained using VR, FES, and selective FES based on multifield electrodes in healthy people.

Methods

This clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT)with 4 branches will involve 80 healthy university students, with blinded third-party assessment. Participants will be divided into 4 groups: control (no intervention), selective FES (Fesia Grasp), traditional FES (Globus Elite), and Virtual Rehab Hands (Leap Motion sensor). Each group will receive 5 daily sessions, and assessments will be conducted at baseline, postintervention, and follow-up. The Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-RS) and chronometry will be used to assess MI, strength will be measured with a digital dynamometer, and manual dexterity will be evaluated with the Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) and the Box and Block Test (BBT). Statistical analyses will include 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni correction to compare group differences over time, with nonparametric tests (eg, Kruskal-Wallis) being used if normality or variance assumptions are violated. The study will be organized into 3 phases: preparation, data collection, and analysis. The preparation phase will involve finalizing project protocols and obtaining ethical approvals. The data collection phase will consist of recruiting participants, randomizing them into 4 intervention groups, and conducting baseline assessments, followed by intervention sessions. Finally, the analysis phase will focus on evaluating the data collected from all groups and compiling the results for presentation.

Results

The study received approval in July 2023, with recruitment and data collection starting in September 2023. The recruitment phase was expected to conclude by July 2024, and the entire study, including the 2-week follow-up, was set to finish in September 2024. As of July 2024, we had enrolled 100% of the sample (N=80 students). We plan to publish the study findings by the end of 2024.

Conclusions

Improvements in MI and upper limb functionality are expected, particularly in the selective FES group. This RCT will identify which intervention is most effective in enhancing these skills, with potential benefits for patients with neurological motor disorders.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06109025; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06109025

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/63329
Evolution of the “Internet Plus Health Care” Mode Enabled by Artificial Intelligence: Development and Application of an Outpatient Triage System (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Lingrui , Pang Jiali , Zuo Song , Xu Jian , Jin Wei , Zuo Feng , Xue Kui , Xiao Zhongzhou , Peng Xinwei , Xu Jie , Zhang Xiaofan , Chen Ruiyao , Luo Shuqing , Zhang Shaoting , Sun Xin
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Although new technologies have increased the efficiency and convenience of medical care, patients still struggle to identify specialized outpatient departments in Chinese tertiary hospitals due to a lack of medical knowledge.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to develop a precise and subdividable outpatient triage system to improve the experiences and convenience of patient care.

METHODS

We collected 395,790 electronic medical records (EMRs) and 500 medical dialogue groups. The EMRs were divided into 3 data sets to design and train the triage model (n=387,876, 98%) and test (n=3957, 1%) and validate (n=3957, 1%) it. The triage system was altered based on the current BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) framework and evaluated by recommendation accuracies in Xinhua Hospital using the cancellation rates in 2021 and 2022, from October 29 to December 5. Finally, a prospective observational study containing 306 samples was conducted to compare the system’s performance with that of triage nurses, which was evaluated by calculating precision, accuracy, recall of the top 3 recommended departments (recall@3), and time consumption.

RESULTS

With 3957 (1%) records each, the testing and validation data sets achieved an accuracy of 0.8945 and 0.8941, respectively. Implemented in Xinhua Hospital, our triage system could accurately recommend 79 subspecialty departments and reduce the number of registration cancellations from 16,037 (3.83%) of the total 418,714 to 15,338 (3.53%) of the total 434200 (P<.05). In comparison to the triage system, the performance of the triage nurses was more accurate (0.9803 vs 0.9153) and precise (0.9213 vs 0.9049) since the system could identify subspecialty departments, whereas triage nurses or even general physicians can only recommend main departments. In addition, our triage system significantly outperformed triage nurses in recall@3 (0.6230 vs 0.5266; P<.001) and time consumption (10.11 vs 14.33 seconds; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The triage system demonstrates high accuracy in outpatient triage of all departments and excels in subspecialty department recommendations, which could decrease the cancellation rate and time consumption. It also improves the efficiency and convenience of clinical care to fulfill better the usage of medical resources, expand hospital effectiveness, and improve patient satisfaction in Chinese tertiary hospitals.
Evaluating the Implementation and Clinical Effectiveness of an Innovative Digital First Care Model for Behavioral Health Using the RE-AIM Framework: Quantitative Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Nordberg Samuel S , Jaso-Yim Brittany A , Sah Pratha , Schuler Keke , Eyllon Mara , Pennine Mariesa , Hoyler Georgia H , Barnes J Ben , Murillo Lily Hong , O'Dea Heather , Orth Laura , Rogers Elizabeth , Welch George , Peloquin Gabrielle , Youn Soo Jeong
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

In the United States, innovation is needed to address the increasing need for mental health care services and widen the patient-to-provider ratio. Despite the benefits of digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), they have not been effective in addressing patients’ behavioral health challenges as stand-alone treatments.

OBJECTIVE

This study evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of precision behavioral health (PBH), a digital-first behavioral health care model embedded within routine primary care that refers patients to an ecosystem of evidence-based DMHIs with strategically placed human support.

METHODS

Patient demographic information, triage visit outcomes, multidimensional patient-reported outcome measure, enrollment, and engagement with the DMHIs were analyzed using data from the electronic health record and vendor-reported data files. The RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was used to evaluate the implementation and clinical effectiveness outcomes of PBH.

RESULTS

PBH had a 47.58% reach rate, defined as patients accepting the PBH referral from their behavioral health integrated clinician. PBH patients had high DMHI registration rates (79.62%), high activation rates (76.54%), and high retention rates at 15 days (57.69%) and 30 days (44.58%) compared to literature benchmarks. In total, 74.01% (n=168) of patients showed clinical improvement, 22.47% (n=51) showed no clinical change, and 3.52% (n=8) showed clinical deterioration in symptoms. PBH had high adoption rates, with behavioral health integrated clinicians referring on average 4.35 (SD 0.46) patients to PBH per month and 90%-100% of clinicians (n=12) consistently referring at least 1 patient to PBH each month. A third (32%, n=1114) of patients were offered PBH as a treatment option during their triage visit.

CONCLUSIONS

PBH as a care model with evidence-based DMHIs, human support for patients, and integration within routine settings offers a credible service to support patients with mild to moderate mental health challenges. This type of model has the potential to address real-life access to care problems faced by health care settings.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Implementation of the Advocacy Intervention for Midlife and Older Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Weeks Lori , Allen Kathleen , Holtmann Catherine , Leger Joni , Dupuis-Blanchard Suzanne , MacQuarrie Colleen , Macdonald Marilyn , Moody Elaine , Stilwell Christie , Helpard Heather , Gagnon Danie
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Midlife and older women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) often have less access to supports and services than younger women. There is far less focus on research and supports for midlife and older women compared to younger women experiencing IPV, and often, neither elder abuse nor IPV services meet their needs. Few interventions are available to meet the needs of midlife and older women.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test the effectiveness of an advocacy intervention for midlife and older women who experience IPV and to learn from the experiences of those who implement and participate in the program.

METHODS

This trial is a 2-arm, unblinded, parallel, pragmatic randomized controlled trial with a qualitative component. Eligible participants will be women who live in the Maritime provinces of Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island), who are in midlife and older (aged approximately ≥50 years), and who are currently in a relationship with an abusive partner or have recently left an abusive partner. Facilitators will be trained to deliver the intervention. The intervention will be entirely virtual and will consist of 2 components: (1) an empowerment component, which will involve sharing resources and information with the women; and (2) a social support component, which will include providing support and encouragement to women for 12 weeks. Quantitative effectiveness data will be collected from all trial participants at baseline, 3 months after the intervention, and 9 months after the intervention about the incidence and severity of IPV, physical and mental health, and safety behaviors and strategies. Qualitative interviews will be conducted with the facilitators and intervention group participants. Control group participants will receive a static, nontailored version of the advocacy intervention for midlife and older women (AIM) intervention materials after baseline data collection.

RESULTS

A total of 12 facilitators have been trained to deliver the AIM intervention to trial participants. Participant recruitment and data collection will be completed in January 2025. Data analysis will continue throughout the data collection period, and the results will be disseminated by December 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This research will result in the adaptation and testing of a program to support and empower midlife and older women in the Maritime provinces of Canada who experience IPV.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Registry ISRCTN30646991; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN30646991

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/57886
Study of Foreign Business Language: A Curveball for Technical Professional
Authors: Srivastava Shraddha , Srivastava Deepshikha
Published: October 2024

Teaching is an art that needs articulation concerning the learner's ability and willingness to comprehend. A teacher is a facilitator who establishes a connecting link between the coursework content provided and the receiver. The facilitator is expected to grasp the cord of the learner and differentiate in his approach towards the technical professionals, who are individuals with specialized knowledge and skills in a particular field, as well as humanities pursuers. It is challenging for the teacher to develop an interest and guide these technical professionals to study the foreign language parallel to the running core courses. Technical professionals emphasize their core subject areas significantly, as they need help understanding the relevance of learning a foreign language during their training. Thus, developing the concept of advantages associated with learning a foreign language among the students lies entirely on the service provider. The cliché of the classroom should collaborate with the intelligent methodology of teaching adopted by the imparter and show his firm belief in the students. This article is an ardent effort to discuss the issues and deliver suggestions to enhance students' interest in foreign languages and evolve to explore the chain of learning experiences.
Acercamiento a la acción psicosocial
Authors: Aristizábal Murillo Iván David , Mayorga Ortegón Angela Ivethe
Published: October 2024

Este documento pretende realizar un acercamiento a las generalidades del concepto de acción psicosocial, a partir de la revisión de los postulados de algunos autores que lo han abordado desde la psicología social y psicología comunitaria latinoamericana, reconociendo de igual manera, la importancia de algunos exponentes europeos. De este modo, se considera la importancia que tiene la acción psicosocial para el ejercicio de formación del psicólogo unadista, tomando como punto de partida algunos elementos contextualizadores como algunos fundamentos teóricos que aportan a la comprensión de la acción psicosocial, y los alcances y limitaciones de la acción psicosocial en los algunos campos de aplicación disciplinar. Así las cosas, este documento se apoya en un estudio que según su fuente es de corte documental, que por su diseño se define como no experimental, y por su alcance se reconoce como exploratoria, con un enfoque cualitativo, realizado con la consulta de fuentes documentadas de tipo indexadas en Europa y Latinoamérica, analizando 17 documentos científicos, de los cuales el 6% obedecieron a artículos de reflexión, ensayos, ponencias y tesis respectivamente, mientras que los artículos resultados de investigación fueron el 41% de los documentos consultados y, documentos tipo libro el 35%, reconociendo en estos la importancia de la acción psicosocial, como transversal a cada uno de los campos de acción del psicólogo.
Bonus materials: To Start from Scratch
Authors: Karl Salzmann
Published: October 2024

This exposition contains bonus material (audio-visual) on the doctoral project "To Start from Scratch" by Karl Salzmann (ARC - Artistic Research Center, University of Music and performing Arts in Vienna, Austria, 2024).

It presents a selection of documented artistic works, prototypes, performances and materials developed during the research process.
A pilot study of AI-assisted reading of prostate MRI in Organized Prostate Cancer Testing
Authors: Thimansson Erik , Zackrisson Sophia , Jäderling Fredrik , Alterbeck Max , Jiborn Thomas , Bjartell Anders , Wallström Jonas
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of AI-assisted reading of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Organized Prostate cancer Testing (OPT).
Methods: Retrospective cohort study including 57 men with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ≥3 µg/L that performed bi-parametric MRI in OPT. The results of a CE-marked deep learning (DL) algorithm for prostate MRI lesion detection were compared with assessments performed by on-site radiologists and reference radiologists. Per patient PI-RADS (Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System)/Likert scores were cross-tabulated and compared with biopsy outcomes, if performed. Positive MRI was defined as PI-RADS/Likert ≥4. Reader variability was assessed with weighted kappa scores.
Results: The number of positive MRIs was 13 (23%), 8 (14%), and 29 (51%) for the local radiologists, expert consensus, and DL, respectively. Kappa scores were moderate for local radiologists versus expert consensus 0.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37–0.74), slight for local radiologists versus DL 0.12 (95% CI: −0.07 to 0.32), and slight for expert consensus versus DL 0.17 (95% CI: −0.01 to 0.35). Out of 10 cases with biopsy proven prostate cancer with Gleason ≥3+4 the DL scored 7 as Likert ≥4.
Interpretation: The Dl-algorithm showed low agreement with both local and expert radiologists. Training and validation of DL-algorithms in specific screening cohorts is essential before introduction in organized testing.
Effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the local management of hyperto-nia (spasticity and dystonia) in patients with cerebral palsy
Authors: Biedermann Villagra Tamara , Tur Segura Miriam , Gimeno Esteve Francisca , Jimenez Redondo Jordi , García Rodríguez Nicolás , Milà Villarroel Raimon
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the effect of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy on the reduction of local hypertonia in patients with cerebral palsy.
Design: Explorative pre-post intervention study.
Subjects/Patients: Forty-five patients with cerebral palsy.
Methods: All patients received 3 sessions of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy with a time interval of 1 week for each session. The outcomes were V1 and V3 of the Tardieu scale, the Timed Up and Go test, and the 10-metre walk test. The measurements were collected at baseline, immediately after the last session of shockwaves, at 12 and 24 weeks after baseline.
Results: The statistical analysis used was a mixed linear model of repeated measures. The degrees on the Tardieu scale increased significantly in all the treated muscles. The results of the Timed Up and Go test and the 10 m walk test confirmed a significant functional effect after the shockwave therapy (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Functional improvement in patients treated with extracorporeal shockwave therapy has been observed to last up to 24 weeks.
Ambulation recovery prediction after hip fracture surgery using the Hip Fracture Short-Term Ambulation Prediction tool
Authors: Adulkasem Nath , Chotiyarnwong Pojchong , Vanitcharoenkul Ekasame , Unnanuntana Aasis
Published: October 2024

Objective: To develop models for predicting postoperative ambulation recovery at 3 months following fragility hip fracture surgery.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Subjects: Fragility hip fracture patients aged ≥ 50 years who underwent operative treatment and completed a 3-month follow-up.
Methods: Potential predictors were collected from eligible patients, while ambulation at 3 months after injury was assessed using the modified functional ambulation classification. These factors were used to develop the Hip Fracture Short-Term Ambulation Prediction, consisting of 2 models: Model 1 for postoperative ambulation and Model 2 for preinjury status recovery.
Results: Among the 275 patients, 55 (20.0%) achieved good ambulation, and 59 (21.5%) returned to their preinjury status at 3 months. Age, preinjury ambulatory status, and discharge ambulatory status were identified as significant predictors of 3-month postoperative ambulation. The tool presented (Models 1 and 2) showed strong performance (area under the curve of 0.86 and 0.85, respectively) and good internal validity.
Conclusions: Age, preinjury ambulatory status, and discharge ambulatory status significantly predict postoperative ambulation and preinjury status recovery at 3 months after fragility hip fracture surgery. The tool presented may aid clinicians in identifying patients who could benefit from targeted rehabilitation interventions during this crucial period.
Новое условие для матриц Дирака.
Authors: Локтев Александр
Published: October 2024

В статье представлено новое найденное условие для матрицы γ0. Проведена проверка соответствия теории Дирака новому условию.
Börn með stuðningsþarfir í leikskóla margbreytileikans
Authors: Elídóttir Jórunn
Published: October 2024

Allir geta þurft á aðstoð að halda einhvern tíma á ævinni, sumir munu alltaf þurfa stuðning, aðrir tímabundið. Eitt af hlutverkum leikskólans er að koma til móts við börn sem glíma við einhvern vanda, en markviss stuðningur getur haft mikið að segja um framvindu þroska og líðan þeirra. Markmiðið með greininni er að lýsa hlutverki leikskólakennara við mat og greiningu á stuðningsþörfum barna og gildi snemmtækrar íhlutunar. Mati á stöðu barna er hér skipt í tvo hluta: Annars vegar grunnþætti sem þarf að hafa í huga við matið og geta haft mikið að segja um líðan og atferli barnsins og hins vegar mat á uppeldis- og kennslufræðilegum stuðningsþörfum þess. Í framhaldi af því er áhersla lögð á íhlutun og stuðning í gegnum leikinn þar sem leikurinn er öflugasta námsleiðin fyrir öll börn, óháð getu þeirra og þroska. Tilgangur greinarinnar er að varpa ljósi á hagnýtar áherslur í starfi með börnum og sýna fram á mikilvægi ítarlegs mats og markviss stuðnings við börn sem á slíku þurfa að halda. Greinin er byggð á fræðilegri nálgun, þekkingu, reynslu og áhuga höfundar á málefnum barna með stuðningsþarfir
Athuganir og skráningar í leikskólanum
Authors: Eiríksdóttir Helena Sjørup , Hreiðarsdóttir Anna Elísa
Published: October 2024

Athuganir og skráningar eru hugtök sem eru notuð yfir aðferðir við að safna markvisst gögnum í leikskólastarfi. Um er að ræða leiðir til að afla upplýsinga um nám, þroska og líðan barna svo dæmi séu tekin. Sumar leiðir við athuganir og skráningar eru staðlaðar en aðrar opnari, allt eftir því hvaða hugmyndafræði liggur að baki og að hvaða markmiði er stefnt. Í rannsókninni sem hér er kynnt var lögð spurningakönnun fyrir starfsfólk leikskóla til að fá skýrari sýn á það hvaða leiðir eru notaðar við skráningar og athuganir og hvernig þær eru nýttar í starfinu. Niðurstöður sýna að algengustu aðferðirnar eru atferlisathuganir og uppeldisfræðileg skráning. Staðlaðar leiðir þykja fljótlegri og gefa góða raun og starfsfólk finnur fyrir þrýstingi á að nota þær frekar en opnari aðferðir. Einnig kemur skýrt fram að margt í leikskólastarfinu virðist hindra að athuganir og skráningar fari fram, svo sem mannekla og álag, en almennt segist starfsfólk nota athuganir og skráningar töluvert til að bæta nám og líðan barna
A scoping review of street homelessness: What can Papua New Guinea learn from South Africa?
Authors: Ige Olugbenga A.
Published: October 2024

Homelessness is a global social issue that has affected various nations around the world, including South Africa. The instances of homelessness began during the apartheid era in South Africa and have since risen to alarming levels in provinces such as Gauteng, Western Cape, and KwaZulu-Natal, as reported in the 2022 census. Despite the lack of comprehensive research on homelessness in South Africa, this study conducted a scoping review to evaluate research completed on homelessness from independence to 2020 in the country. The scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and involved a systematic search of the Development Southern Africa and Urban Forum databases. A total of 72 research articles were identified, with 10 meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review, which were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The study identified several key themes, including homelessness as a reflection of patriarchal systems, gender-based conflicts leading to homelessness, proactive and reactive interventions by non-state actors for homeless individuals, and the quantitative focus of research on homelessness in South Africa from independence to the present day. The study presents the applicability of these findings to tackle homelessness in Papua New Guinea and recommends the use of mixed methods approaches to research homelessness in South Africa to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the various dimensions of homelessness in the country.
How to encourage more public participation in marine disaster risk management: Evidence from a survey experiment in China
Authors: Cui Qun , Dong Lisheng , Christensen Tom
Published: October 2024

Raising public awareness of maritime risk and disseminating information about disaster prevention and reduction are the most frequent ways that the government incorporates citizens in marine disaster risk management (DRM). However, these measures are deemed to be insufficient to drive the participation rate. This study aims to understand the participation trend of citizens in marine DRM. On the basis of the theory of citizen participation’s ladder, public participation within marine DRM is categorized into non-participation, tokenistic participation, and substantive participation. Using organization theory, the government’s strategies for encouraging participation are classified into common approach (raising awareness), structural approach (innovating instruments), and cultural approach (developing citizenship). Considering the vignette experiment of 403 citizens in a coastal city of China that has historically been subject to marine disasters, it was found that effectiveness of the strategies, from highest to lowest, are citizenship development, risk education, and instruments innovation. At the individual level, psychological characteristics such as trust in the government, past disaster experience, and knowledge of marine DRM did not significantly influence citizens’ participation preferences. At the government level, even when citizens are informed about new participatory mechanisms and tools, they still tend to be unwilling to share responsibilities. However, self-efficacy and understanding the beneficial outcomes of their participation in marine (DRM) can positively impact the willingness to participate. The results show that to encourage public participation substantively in the marine DRM, it is important to cultivate a sense of civic duty and enhance citizens’ sense of ownership, fostering a closer and more equitable partnership between the state and society.
The relationship effect of innovation on online organizational learning applications and employees engagement in Jordanian public sector
Authors: Megdadi Younes , Al-Ghalabi Ruba Risheed , Alghizzawi Mahmoud , Al Hawamdeh Tharwat , Banyhamdan Khaled , Alsheikh Ghaith Abdulraheem Ali , Megdad Zaid , Haddad Rami
Published: October 2024

The study’s purpose is to investigate the relationship effect of innovation on online organizational learning applications and employees’ engagement in the Jordanian public sector. Quantities and descriptive analytical approach were used, and the population was covered (10) Jordanian public departments in Amman capital. Convenience method was used, which covered all departments’ managers and assistances in the Jordanian public services department’s headquarters, with (284) employee. Electronic survey set used. The SPSS-V20 and AMOS-V24 were used for hypotheses statistical analysis testing. The study found a significant impact of online organizational learning applications in its dimensions (Zoom, Teams, Goto Meeting, and Google Meet) on employee’s engagement, and a significant relationship of innovation between online organizational learning applications and employee’s engagement in Jordanian public services departments. The study contributions show that employees are willing to engage with their occupied work to achieve work goals, and to control over of how they undertake the employees career development, empowerment, communication skills, and work completion competences. The study implications for organizations management to conduct more future studies concerning online organizational learning applications by other dimensions as well as social media and other digital workshop and training in different organizations environments.
Analysis of the determinants of success of maritime security and resilience strategies moderated by risk management and resources multiplier in the Indonesia’s Archipelagic Sea Lane II
Authors: Hidayat Abdiyan Syaiful , Khusaini Moh. , Widiarto Aan Eko , Solimun Solimun
Published: October 2024

Indonesia has ratified United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 1982) through Law No. 17 of 1985 concerning the ratification of the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention, thus binding Indonesia to the rights and obligations to implement the provisions of the 1982 convention, including the establishment of the three Northern-Southern Indonesia’s Archipelagic Sea Lane (ALKI). The existence of the three ALKI routes, including ALKI II, has led to various potential threats. These violations not only cause material losses but, if left unchecked and unresolved, can also affect maritime security stability, both nationally and regionally. The maritime security and resilience challenges in ALKI II have increased with the relocation of the capital, which has become the center of gravity, to East Kalimantan. The research in this article aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the success of maritime security and resilience strategies in ALKI II. The factors used in this research include conceptual components, physical components, moral components, command and control center capabilities, operational effectiveness, command and control effectiveness, and the moderating variables of resource multiplier management and risk management to achieve maritime security and resilience. This study employed a mixed-method research approach. The factors are modeled using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with WarpPLS 8.0 software. Qualitative data analysis used the Soft System Methodology (SSM). The results of the study indicate that the aforementioned factors significantly influence the success of achieving maritime security and resilience in ALKI II.
Cultural profiles evaluation and their impact on the performance of production systems in Colombian companies using data analytics
Authors: Rivera-León Gabriel , Ceballos Fernando , Muñoz-Guerrero Luis Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Strategically managing production systems is crucial for creating value and enhancing the competitive capabilities of companies. However, research on organizational culture within these systems is scarce, particularly in the Colombian context. This research aims to evaluate cultural profiles and their impact on the performance of production systems in Colombian firms. The regional focus is vital as cultural and contextual factors can vary significantly between regions, influencing organizational behavior and performance outcomes. To achieve this, we make a study in a sample of Colombian companies, with participation from working students of the Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (UNAD). We used a data analytics approach to collected data. The results will be relevant to both the scientific community and business practitioners. This research seeks to determine whether the perception of the work environment within a company influences the perceived performance of the company. The findings will provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between organizational culture and production system performance, offering a foundation for business decision-making and enhancing competitiveness in Latin American context.
Implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning-based fintech for the financial assets related traditional investment theories
Authors: Chowdhury Rubaiyat Shaimom , Islam Md. Aminul , Yuauf Dayang Hasliza Binti Muhd , Amin Mohammad Bin , Hassan Md. Sharif , Barua Suborna , Abdullah Masuk
Published: October 2024

New technologies always have an impact on traditional theories. Finance theories are no exception to that. In this paper, we have concentrated on the traditional investment theories in finance. The study examined five investment theories, their assumptions, and their limitation from different works of literature. The study considered Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) as representative of financial technology (fintech) and tried to find out from the literature how these new technologies help to reduce the limitations of traditional theories. We have found that fintech does not have an equal impact on every conventional finance theory. Fintech outperforms all five traditional theories but on a different scale.
Development of Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence for intelligent sanitation systems: A literature review
Authors: Jiang Yirui , Tran Trung Hieu , Collins Matt , Williams Leon
Published: October 2024

Adequate sanitation is crucial for human health and well-being, yet billions worldwide lack access to basic facilities. This comprehensive review examines the emerging field of intelligent sanitation systems, which leverage Internet of Things (IoT) and advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies to address global sanitation challenges. The existing intelligent sanitation systems and applications is still in their early stages, marked by inconsistencies and gaps. The paper consolidates fragmented research from both academic and industrial perspectives based on PRISMA protocol, exploring the historical development, current state, and future potential of intelligent sanitation solutions. The assessment of existing intelligent sanitation systems focuses on system detection, health monitoring, and AI enhancement. The paper examines how IoT-enabled data collection and AI-driven analytics can optimize sanitation facility performance, predict system failures, detect health risks, and inform decision-making for sanitation improvements. By synthesizing existing research, identifying knowledge gaps, and discussing opportunities and challenges, this review provides valuable insights for practitioners, academics, engineers, policymakers, and other stakeholders. It offers a foundation for understanding how advanced IoT and AI techniques can enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and safety of the sanitation industry.
Consumer in a Coalmine: Lax Security of IoT Video Devices Puts Corporations Before Users
Authors: Johnson Georgia
Published: October 2024

Many of the home video surveillance cameras of today are reliant on the “Internet of Things” (IoT). The IoT is a system of interconnected devices that are linked to the cloud. Examples of well-known IoT devices of today include voice assistants like the Amazon Alexa, robot vacuums, and smart thermostats. As the technology of IoT video devices has rapidly developed, sufficient security measures have lagged. Security standards for such devices have gone unregulated and unchecked, since there is no government oversight to mandate foundational security measures for consumer devices. The intersection of high demand for these videos and unregulated security measures is a perfect storm, and Ring is the best example. Ring is facing a class action lawsuit for allegedly failing to properly protect its users’ information when hackers compromised home video streams and threatened families across the U.S. Ring has responded to such incidents by shifting the blame to its consumers while quietly implementing increased security measures.
Ring’s example sets the precedent that the consumers are a canary in a coal mine—if there are security breaches, the consumer will ultimately suffer the consequences. This is unacceptable, particularly for sensitive devices like home video systems. This paper discusses several recent incidents of video device hacking and the harms that result from the security vulnerabilities of such devices. It begins by examining the origins of in-home video surveillance, the home-video surveillance device options today, and the advantages of modern home video devices. It then turns to the hackability and harms that may result when device security systems are easily breached and what can be done to secure these particularly sensitive devices to prevent future harms.
Trademarks, NFTs, and the Law of the Metaverse
Authors: Murray Michael D.
Published: October 2024

This Article discusses the early encounters of NFTs, trademarks, and the legal system. This work will examine the areas where NFT creators are getting into or are likely to get into trouble with the law and policy of trademark infringement, trademark dilution, and the related legal causes of action of false endorsement and false designation of origin. United States law is being applied in lawsuits that already are being adjudicated in the real world concerning subject matter that exists only in cyberspace, the pre-cursor to the metaverse.
Empowering Everyday Americans: The Algorithmic Choice and Transparency Act (The “ACT Act”)
Authors: Keller Brian K.
Published: October 2024

Two key problems afflict everyone in America—and for ten years, they have haunted our daily lives, and the daily news. First, Americans have no choice in whether algorithms are applied to their search engines and social media feeds. Nothing requires internet services or applications to allow consumers to easily “turn off” these algorithms that are used to profile and target us. And second, Americans don’t understand how these algorithms affect the lives they live increasingly online. Researcher access to social media company data has helped shed light on how these algorithms work—but the companies routinely limit or terminate access to the type of data that could help explain the effects of algorithms on society. Not only that: but the companies that use these algorithms to maximize their profit both decline to disclose information about their algorithms citing “trade secrets,” and often the companies cite a “black box problem”—that is, not even their computer programmers can explain exactly why the algorithms radicalize Americans, drive some to commit suicide, or cause any of the other harms that are so obviously caused by the mechanisms of our online world.
But some want to do nothing to change the status quo. They think this unchecked manipulation of and denial of choice to the American public, and keeping these algorithms and their machinations under the lock and key of social media companies and big tech businesses, is “good enough” for Americans. In spring 2023, Elon Musk’s Twitter decided to lift a prior ban and enable Twitter to again algorithmically promote Kremlin-, China-, and Iran-controlled state media to its over 350 million users—including millions of Americans. The Atlantic Council’s Digital Forensic Research Lab summed it up: “Twitter users no longer must actively seek out state-sponsored content in order to see it on the platform; it can just be served to them,” that is, “amplified” by Twitter’s algorithm, “as a way to help [the accounts] reach bigger audiences.” And while Facebook has temporarily adjusted its algorithms from time to time in response to elections and other events to dial-back the feeding of extreme content to users, the site invariably turns the algorithms back on.
We have waited long enough. Things need to change.
Support vector machine classification of patients with depression based on resting-state electroencephalography
Authors: Yang Chia-Yen , Chen Yin-Zhen
Published: October 2024

Background

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Although depression is typically diagnosed by identifying specific symptoms and through history, no recognized standard for depression diagnosis exists. This assures the development of objective diagnostic tools for depression.

Objectives

We investigated the differences in the resting-state electroencephalograms (EEGs) of patients with depression and healthy controls (HCs) to distinguish patients from HCs by using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier with the following two feature selection approaches: t test and receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Methods

We used the EEG data from the Patient Repository of EEG Data + Computational Tools; this study included 21 patients with depressive disorder (MDD) and 21 HCs. The relative frequency power, alpha interhemispheric asymmetry, left–right coherence, strength, clustering coefficient (CC), shortest path length, sample entropy (SampEn), multiscale entropy (MSE), and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) data were extracted to determine candidate EEG features associated with depression.

Results

With the t-test selection, the SVM classifier demonstrated the highest performance with the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 96.66%, 95.93%, and 97.550% for the eye-open condition and 91.33%, 90.59%, and 91.81% for the eye-closed condition, respectively. For comparisons of features in the 2 selection approaches, the most influential features were relative frequency power and left–right coherence.

Conclusion

Using this information to distinguish patients with MDD from HC subjects with the SVM classifier resulted in a mean accuracy over 90%. Although this result may not be robust enough for clinical applications, further exploration is necessary given the simplicity, objectivity, and efficiency of the classifier.
The Influence of a Practical Remediation Medium on the Relationship of Exchange Reaction in Soil to Hazardous Lead and Inorganic Forms of Nitrogen
Authors: Urminská Jana , Prokeinová Renáta Benda , Musilová Janette , Urminská Dana , Tančinová Dana , Mašková Zuzana , Barboráková Zuzana
Published: October 2024

The objective of this research was to analyse soil and garden compost as a  remediation medium at the  foothill´s locality of the Tribeč Mountains, Southwestern Slovakia, to determine the pH/KCl, Pb, NO3
−-N, NH4
+-N contents in soil and soil affected by compost (the ratio 1 : 1), to evaluate the statistical significance of pH/KCl in relation to Pb and inorganic forms of nitrogen, and to find whether garden compost affects the  monitored parameters. The  analyses were carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and Colorimetric and Potentiometric methods. Ascertained values of exchange reactions in soil ranged from 5.74 to 6.83 and exchange reactions in soil affected by garden compost ranged from 6.78 to 7.98. According to the calculated indices of dependencies, the development of pH/KCl values can be evaluated as moderately dynamic. The obtained results were evaluated statistically using the SAS 9.4 software method by the Spearman‘s correlation coefficient. The results in the observed three-year period showed that NO3
−-N contents in soil had reached 14.73 mg.kg−1, NH4
+-N 9.50 mg.kg−1, Nin 23.05 mg.kg−1, Pb 67.38 mg.kg−1, soil affecting by remediation medium – garden compost (the ratio 1 : 1) showed that NO3
−-N contents had reached 23.93 mg.kg−1, NH4
+-N 26.42 mg.kg−1, Nin 42.63 mg.kg−1, Pb 64.71 mg.kg−1 dry matter. Statistical dependence was high (P <0.01), which was demonstrated for soil pH : soil + compost Pb, soil + compost pH : soil + compost Pb. The garden compost influenced pH/KCl, reduced Pb levels, and increased the proportion of inorganic forms of nitrogen in soil.
Examination of the Effectiveness of Fruit Thinning in the Case of Idaho and Gala Must Early Apple Varieties
Authors: Gyalai Ingrid , Tóth Balázs , Nasirov Muhtor , Kholmirzaev Bakhrom , Bahriev Dostonjon , Makra László , Lantos Ferenc
Published: October 2024

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is the most important fruit in the EU. The total yield is more than 11 million tons.year-1, 15% of which is that of the early apple varieties. Several papers have already been published on the efficacy of crown and fruit thinning in the 20th century. Nowadays, hybrid varieties and intensive crown types are used in modernized systems. Our research was carried out in a Hungarian orchard during two cultivation periods. We studied two early apple varieties (Idaho, Gala Must) to determine how fruit thinning affected the quantity and quality of fruits. We found that the effectiveness of non-thinned technology is similar or slightly better compared to fruit thinning, after the second harvest. The average yield of Idaho apples per tree per harvest was 35.9 vs. 24.8 kg, while that of Gala Must was 50.8 vs. 59.2 kg (with thinning vs. without thinning). To assess quality, we measured water-soluble sugars, NO3
-, NO2 and vitamin C content. Immediately, after the harvest, a surprisingly high vitamin C content was found in the fruits (4.4 mg.100 g-1 on average), which, however, decomposed after 3 months of storage. We also determined the pathway of the decomposition of vitamin C.