bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“SE VOCÊ NÃO FOR MINHA, NÃO SERÁ DE MAIS NINGUÉM”: O FEMICÍDIO E O FEMINICÍDIO EM PAUTA
Authors: Alves Rahyan de Carvalho , Caroline Vidal Victória , França Iara Soares de
Published: November 2024

A violência contra a mulher está inclusa no rol de crimes que violam os Direitos Humanos e denota, sobremaneira, o desprezo do homem agressor à dignidade, autonomia e liberdade da mulher. Diz respeito a uma violência perpetrada pelo fato de ser mulher e ocorre independente da raça, etnia, classe social ou orientação sexual. Nesta direção, este artigo discorrerá a respeito da violência contra a mulher, em específico, o feminicídio. Para alcançar o escopo da pesquisa, tecemos reflexões sobre os termos femicídio e feminicídio, esclarecendo a definição e conceituação, diferenciando-os; apresentamos o Caso Ciudad Juarez, México, que suscitou os debates sobre a especificidade do crime em comento e a primeira implementação da Lei do Feminicídio; em seguida, concedemos ênfase à inovação legislativa brasileira de   2015; analisamos os dados da incidência do crime à luz do Monitor da Violência, de 2017 a 2023, e realçamos as discussões em torno da categoria gênero na educação. Apesar dos avanços, há uma trajetória longa a ser vencida para logramos a prevenção, proteção e punição à altura da gravidade dos crimes, que perpassa a maior eficiência e efetividade das esferas jurídicas, assistencial, de segurança e saúde pública, de modo a não ficar restrito ao aparato legislativo
MISOGINIA ONLINE: A RED PILL NO AMBIENTE VIRTUAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Weselovski da Silva Ana Carolina , Hennigen Inês
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo aborda questões relacionadas a alguns grupos que fazem parte da chamada manosfera, ou machosfera, que atuam principalmente por intermédio da internet. Este trabalho apresenta um trecho de uma pesquisa cartográfica que se deu por meio das redes sociais e páginas usadas pelos grupos que fazem parte da manosfera. Através desta cartografia buscamos produzir reflexões críticas acerca dos afetos que perpassam esses grupos, da sua defesa à masculinidade hegemônica e a forma como as mulheres são apresentadas nesse meio. Vemos que, por mais que dentro deste ambiente esses sujeitos se digam à princípio apenas preocupados com problemas e adversidades enfrentadas pelos homens na atualidade, o que trazem à tona e tornam evidente é muito da misoginia e do desprezo às mulheres ainda presentes no meio social.
MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS, PROTAGONISMO DE MULHERES E A LUTA CONTRA A FOME NA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Daltro Ferreira Camila , Jesus Pimentel Alline , Leão Campelo Brito Alves Luire , Sardenberg Cecilia M. B.
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho trata dos ativismos em torno das lutas por transferência de renda e de combate à fome na pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil, entre 2020 e 2021. Investigamos as estratégias utilizadas por ativistas para a conquista da renda emergencial e para o funcionamento de brigadas de solidariedade de combate à fome. Analisamos a ação dos movimentos sociais, em especial na campanha “Renda Básica que Queremos”. Para nossa análise, realizamos entrevistas e examinamos documentos dos movimentos sociais e de institutos de pesquisa governamental. A nossa hipótese é que o contexto político autoritário do governo Bolsonaro, assim como a profunda crise econômica e social do país, impulsionou movimentos sociais de origens e tradições diversificadas a se unirem em torno do combate à profunda injustiça social no Brasil. Como resultado, observamos que as lutas por transferência de renda e combate à fome na pandemia da Covid-19 no Brasil articularam um afrontamento significativo ao autoritário governo Bolsonaro.
APRESENTAÇÃO DO DOSSIÊ MULHERES E MÚSICAS: DE CANTOS E ENCANTOS
Authors: Cavalcanti Vanessa Ribeiro Simon
Published: November 2024

O dossiê tem como finalidade descrever, analisar e divulgar estudos, obras,comunidades musicais e expressões de meninas e mulheres que ocuparam/ocupam ocampo da produção e educação musical como instrumento de experiências individuais ecoletivas, refletindo contextos, além de assinalar as múltiplas territorialidades.Destacar produções, intervenções e performances de e para mulheres, criandointerfaces relações de gêneros, sexualidades, classe, raça/etnia, intergeracionalidade,territórios e religiões e ações culturais e históricas foi objetivo desse dossiê.
GÊNERO, MASCULINIDADES E TERRITÓRIO: A EXPLORAÇÃO SEXUAL DE MENINAS E MULHERES RACIALIZADAS COMO MANIFESTAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA NO ARCO MINEIRO DE ORINOCO
Authors: Stolz Sheila , Blanco Victoria Toto
Published: November 2024

Este artigo aborda a violência de gênero no Arco Mineiro do Orinoco (AMO). Destaca-se o crescimento paralelo da exploração sexual com o desenvolvimento da mineração na região. A pesquisa analisa a relação entre a atividade mineradora masculinizada e patriarcal e a violência de gênero, utilizando metodologia de revisão bibliográfica e análise de dados qualitativos. São explorados os fatores socioculturais que contribuem para a exploração sexual das mulheres e examinada a interligação entre a apropriação do território e a exploração dos corpos femininos, evidenciando como ambas as dinâmicas convergem. Em conclusão, destaca-se a necessidade de uma abordagem abrangente que englobe a geografia feminista e decolonial e desafie a dinâmica patriarcal e a violência estrutural.
ENTRE A CAPITAL E O SERTÃO DE PERNAMBUCO: AS RESSONÂNCIAS DOS RELACIONAMENTOS AMOROSOS ABUSIVOS EM MULHERES NOS TEMPOS LÍQUIDOS
Authors: Alves Marta Janaina , Oliveira Lea Carla
Published: November 2024

A partir da compreensão sobre a modernidade líquida, os laços humanospassam a ser entendidos como frágeis e artificiais, demarcando a transição das relaçõesde sólidas, para líquidas. Nesse sentido, apesar de transformações significativas frente aosparadigmas sociais, as atribuições sociais de homem e mulher, ainda hoje são orientadospor uma visão cultural sexista e machista-patriarcal, que alimentam uma hierarquia entreos gêneros, numa prática de dominação masculina em relação ao feminino. Assim, estapesquisa buscou investigar através da perspectiva teórica fenomenológica existencial,com uma pergunta disparadora, de que maneira os relacionamentos amorosos abusivosexperienciados pelas mulheres em tempos líquidos repercutiram ou repercutem em suasvidas, traçando um paralelo entre as mulheres residentes na capital e no Sertão do Moxotóde Pernambuco.
VIVÊNCIAS DE MULHERES LÉSBICAS NA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA EM PSICOLOGIA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Gonzaga Jamyle Maria de Sousa , Nunes Larissa Ferreira , Benicio Luís Fernando de Souza , Barros João Paulo Pereira
Published: November 2024

Este estudo objetiva analisar como a produção científica do campo da psicologia brasileira tem debatido vivências de mulheres lésbicas. Trata-se de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL), utilizando-se do método PRISMA. Os resultados, analisados a partir de diálogos da Psicologia Social com estudos feministas, decoloniais e interseccionais, organizam-se em três blocos: a) Estudos que não demarcam o termo "lesbianidade” tendem a focar principalmente na vivência de homens gays, mesmo se propondo a estudar a realidade de toda a comunidade LGBTQIA+; b) A constituição da mulher lésbica em que famílias heteronormativas atuam como reguladoras da sexualidade de suas filhas e a violência familiar se intensifica contra as lésbicas por elas romperem com a subordinação das mulheres em relação aos homens; e c) As vivências de mulheres lésbicas são invizibilizadas na medicina e na psicologia, o qual acarreta processos de saúde-doença-cuidado invisibilizados nas políticas públicas e nas produções científicas.
“TODAS NÓS JUNTAS CONSTRUÍMOS FEMINISMO” – ENTREVISTA COM CARMEN SILVA
Authors: Silva Carmen , Rosa Hevelyn
Published: November 2024

A entrevista aborda temas centrais para o campo dos direitos das mulheres no Brasil, sobretudo na área da saúde, a partir da narrativa de Carmen Silva. Militante feminista negra, oriunda de São Luís do Maranhão e estabelecida em Recife, Pernambuco, Carmen Silva é socióloga, educadora e integrante da organização SOS Corpo e do Fórum de Mulheres de Pernambuco. O balanço histórico do campo da saúde da mulher é articulado a uma perspectiva imersa na experiência da construção coletiva da militância e destaca o protagonismo do feminismo popular na história dos movimentos feministas no Brasil.
Small-mass effects in heavy-to-light form factors
Authors: Engel T. , Gnendiger C. , Signer A. , Ulrich Y.
Published: February 2019

Abstract

We present the heavy-to-light form factors with two different non-vanishing masses at next-to-next-to-leading order and study its expansion in the small mass. The leading term of this small-mass expansion leads to a factorized expression for the form factor. The presence of a second mass results in a new feature, in that the soft contribution develops a factorization anomaly. This cancels with the corresponding anomaly in the collinear contribution. With the generalized factorization presented here, it is possible to obtain the leading small-mass terms for processes with large masses, such as muon-electron scattering, from the corresponding massless amplitude and the soft contribution.
Right-handed neutrinos and R(D(∗))
Authors: Robinson Dean , Shakya Bibhushan , Zupan Jure
Published: February 2019

Abstract

We explore scenarios where the R(D
(∗)) anomalies arise from semitauonic decays to a right-handed sterile neutrino. We perform an EFT study of all five simplified models capable of generating at tree-level the lowest dimension electroweak operators that give rise to this decay. We analyze their compatibility with current R(D
(∗)) data and other relevant hadronic branching ratios, and show that one simplified model is excluded by this analysis. The remainder are compatible with collider constraints on the mediator semileptonic branching ratios, provided the mediator mass is of order TeV. We also discuss the phenomenology of the sterile neutrino itself, which includes possibilities for displaced decays at colliders and direct searches, measurable dark radiation, and gamma ray signals.
The R-parity violating decays of charginos and neutralinos in the B-L MSSM
Authors: Dumitru Sebastian , Ovrut Burt A. , Purves Austin
Published: February 2019

Abstract

The B − L MSSM is the MSSM with three right-handed neutrino chiral multiplets and gauged B − L symmetry. The B − L symmetry is broken by the third family right-handed sneutrino acquiring a VEV, thus spontaneously breaking R-parity. Within a natural range of soft supersymmetry breaking parameters, it is shown that a large and uncorrelated number of initial values satisfy all present phenomenological constraints; including the correct masses for the W
±, Z
0 bosons, having all sparticles exceeding their present lower bounds and giving the experimentally measured value for the Higgs boson. For this “valid” set of initial values, there are a number of different LSPs, each occurring a calculable number of times. We plot this statistically and determine that among the most prevalent LSPs are chargino and neutralino mass eigenstates. In this paper, the R-parity violating decay channels of charginos and neutralinos to standard model particles are determined, and the interaction vertices and decay rates computed analytically. These results are valid for any chargino and neutralino, regardless of whether or not they are the LSP. For chargino and neutralino LSPs, we will — in a subsequent series of papers — present a numerical study of their RPV decays evaluated statistically over the range of associated valid initial points.
Searching for dark matter in final states with two jets and missing transverse energy
Authors: Haisch Ulrich , Polesello Giacomo
Published: February 2019

Abstract

We reemphasise the usefulness of angular correlations in LHC searches for missing transverse energy (E

T

miss
) signatures that involve jet (j) pairs with large invariant mass. For the case of mono-jet production via gluon-fusion, we develop a realistic analysis strategy that allows to split the dark matter (DM) signal into distinct one jet-like and two jet-like event samples. By performing state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulations of both the mono-jet signature and the standard model background, it is shown that the dijet azimuthal angle difference

$$ \Delta {\phi}_{j_1{j}_2} $$

Δ

ϕ

j
1

j
2

in 2j + E

T

miss
production provides a powerful discriminant in realistic searches. Employing a shape fit to

$$ \Delta {\phi}_{j_1{j}_2} $$

Δ

ϕ

j
1

j
2

, we then determine the LHC reach of the mono-jet channel in the context of spin-0 s-channel DM simplified models. The constraints obtained by the proposed

$$ \Delta {\phi}_{j_1{j}_2} $$

Δ

ϕ

j
1

j
2

shape fit turn out to be significantly more stringent than those that derive from standard E

T

miss
shape analyses.
Fermion zero modes for the mixed-flux AdS3 giant magnon
Authors: Varga Adam
Published: February 2019

Abstract

We explicitly construct the four and two fermion zero modes for the mixed-flux generalization of the Hofman-Maldacena giant magnon on two of the AdS3 backgrounds with maximal amount of supersymmetry, AdS3×S3×T4 and AdS3×S3×S3×S1. We also show how to get the

$$ \mathfrak{p}\mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{u}{\left(1\Big|1\right)}^4 $$

p
s
u

1
|
1

4

and

$$ \mathfrak{s}\mathfrak{u}{\left(1\Big|1\right)}^2 $$

s
u

1
|
1

2

superalgebras from the semiclassically quantized fermion zero modes.
Timing of Parathyroidectomy Does Not Influence Renal Function After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: van der Plas Willemijn Y. , El Moumni Mostafa , von Forstner Philipp J. , Koh Ezra Y. , Dulfer Roderick R. , van Ginhoven Tessa M. , Rotmans Joris I. , Appelman‐Dijkstra Natasha M. , Schepers Abbey , Hoorn Ewout J. , Plukker John Th. M. , Vogt Liffert , Engelsman Anton F. , Nieveen van Dijkum Els J. M. , Kruijff Schelto , Pol Robert A. , de Borst Martin H. ,   The Dutch Hyperparathyroidism Study Group
Published: February 2019

Background

Parathyroidectomy (PTx) is the treatment of choice for end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with therapy‐resistant hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The optimal timing of PTx for ESRD‐related HPT—before or after kidney transplantation (KTx)—is subject of debate.

Methods

Patients with ESRD‐related HPT who underwent both PTx and KTx between 1994 and 2015 were included in a multicenter retrospective study in four university hospitals. Two groups were formed according to treatment sequence: PTx before KTx (PTxKTx) and PTx after KTx (KTxPTx). Primary endpoint was renal function (eGFR, CKD‐EPI) between both groups at several time points post‐transplantation. Correlation between the timing of PTx and KTx and the course of eGFR was assessed using generalized estimating equations (GEE).

Results

The PTxKTx group consisted of 102 (55.1%) and the KTxPTx group of 83 (44.9%) patients. Recipient age, donor type, PTx type, and pre‐KTx PTH levels were significantly different between groups. At 5 years after transplantation, eGFR was similar in the PTxKTx group (eGFR 44.5 ± 4.0 ml/min/1.73 m2) and KTxPTx group (40.0 ± 6.4 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.43). The unadjusted GEE model showed that timing of PTx was not correlated with graft function over time (mean difference −1.0 ml/min/1.73 m2, 95% confidence interval −8.4 to 6.4, p = 0.79). Adjustment for potential confounders including recipient age and sex, various donor characteristics, PTx type, and PTH levels did not materially influence the results.

Conclusions

In this multicenter cohort study, timing of PTx before or after KTx does not independently impact graft function over time.
Translational Preclinical Pharmacologic Disease Models for Ophthalmic Drug Development
Authors: Shah Mihir , Cabrera-Ghayouri Sara , Christie Lori-Ann , Held Katherine S. , Viswanath Veena
Published: February 2019

Preclinical models of human diseases are critical to our understanding of disease etiology, pathology, and progression and enable the development of effective treatments. An ideal model of human disease should capture anatomical features and pathophysiological mechanisms, mimic the progression pattern, and should be amenable to evaluating translational endpoints and treatment approaches. Preclinical animal models have been developed for a variety of human ophthalmological diseases to mirror disease mechanisms, location of the affected region in the eye and severity. These models offer clues to aid in our fundamental understanding of disease pathogenesis and enable progression of new therapies to clinical development by providing an opportunity to gain proof of concept (POC). Here, we review preclinical animal models associated with development of new therapies for diseases of the ocular surface, glaucoma, presbyopia, and retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We have focused on summarizing the models critical to new drug development and described the translational features of the models that contributed to our understanding of disease pathogenesis and establishment of preclinical POC.
Characterization of AlN Inclusion Particles Formed in Commercial Purity Aluminum
Authors: Wang Feng , Fan Zhongyun
Published: February 2019

The detailed characterization of nitride inclusion particles formed in the commercial purity Al melt has been carried out using advanced analytical electron microscopy assisted with pressure melt filtration and focused ion beam sample preparation techniques. It is found that the nitride inclusion particles have short rod-like morphology with an average length of 375 nm and an average width of 104 nm. Moreover, these nitride particles are identified to be hexagonal wurtzite AlN particles with the most close-packed plane, {0001}, as the exposed broad plane. Based on the crystallographic information, the potency of AlN as nucleation substrate for α-Al grain has been theoretically estimated from the lattice matching point of view. It is revealed that the interatomic spacing misfit along the close-packed directions on the close-packed planes between AlN and Al is 6.66 pct, indicating relatively strong potency of AlN as nucleation substrate for α-Al. However, it is suggested that AlN particles would rarely be involved in the nucleation and initiation of α-Al grains when competing with other oxide and boride inclusion particles normally present in the Al melt because AlN particles have larger misfit with Al, comparable or even smaller size, and lower number density than oxides and borides.
The Polish adaptation and further validation of the Fear of Being Single Scale (FBSS)
Authors: Adamczyk Katarzyna , Trepanowski Radosław , Celejewska Agata , Kosińska Joanna , Mamot Anita , Palczewska Martyna , Rodziejczak Klaudia
Published: February 2019

The article discusses the results of the validation and psychometric parameters of the Polish-language version of the Fear of Being Single Scale (FBSS), originally developed by Spielmann and colleagues (2013). The study participants included 175 Polish respondents aged 18 to 67 (M = 27.19, SD = 8.63). The findings confirmed the one-dimensional structure of the Polish FBSS, convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity, reliability of the Polish FBSS, and its high test–retest reliability over a lag of six months. The obtained results make it possible to assess the Polish FBSS as a reliable and valid measure of fear of being single in a Polish non-clinical sample of adults.
Metal–Oleate Complex-Derived Bimetallic Oxides Nanoparticles Encapsulated in 3D Graphene Networks as Anodes for Efficient Lithium Storage with Pseudocapacitance
Authors: Cao Yingying , Geng Kaiming , Geng Hongbo , Ang Huixiang , Pei Jie , Liu Yayuan , Cao Xueqin , Zheng Junwei , Gu Hongwei
Published: February 2019

In this manuscript, we have demonstrated the delicate design and synthesis of bimetallic oxides nanoparticles derived from metal–oleate complex embedded in 3D graphene networks (MnO/CoMn2O4 ⊂ GN), as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. The novel synthesis of the MnO/CoMn2O4 ⊂ GN consists of thermal decomposition of metal–oleate complex containing cobalt and manganese metals and oleate ligand, forming bimetallic oxides nanoparticles, followed by a self-assembly route with reduced graphene oxides. The MnO/CoMn2O4 ⊂ GN composite, with a unique architecture of bimetallic oxides nanoparticles encapsulated in 3D graphene networks, rationally integrates several benefits including shortening the diffusion path of Li+ ions, improving electrical conductivity and mitigating volume variation during cycling. Studies show that the electrochemical reaction processes of MnO/CoMn2O4 ⊂ GN electrodes are dominated by the pseudocapacitive behavior, leading to fast Li+ charge/discharge reactions. As a result, the MnO/CoMn2O4 ⊂ GN manifests high initial specific capacity, stable cycling performance, and excellent rate capability.
The implicit midpoint rule for nonexpansive mappings in 2-uniformly convex hyperbolic spaces
Authors: Fukhar-ud-din H. , Khan A.R.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the implicit midpoint rule (IMR) of nonexpansive mappings in 2- uniformly convex hyperbolic spaces and study its convergence. Strong and△-convergence theorems based on this algorithm are proved in this new setting. The results obtained hold concurrently in uniformly convex Banach spaces, CAT(0)spaces and Hilbert spaces as special cases.
Comparison of Pittsburgh compound B and florbetapir in cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies
Authors: Su Yi , Flores Shaney , Wang Guoqiao , Hornbeck Russ C. , Speidel Benjamin , Joseph‐Mathurin Nelly , Vlassenko Andrei G. , Gordon Brian A. , Koeppe Robert A. , Klunk William E. , Jack Clifford R. , Farlow Martin R. , Salloway Stephen , Snider Barbara J. , Berman Sarah B. , Roberson Erik D. , Brosch Jared , Jimenez‐Velazques Ivonne , van Dyck Christopher H. , Galasko Douglas , Yuan Shauna H. , Jayadev Suman , Honig Lawrence S. , Gauthier Serge , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek R. , Masellis Mario , Brooks William S. , Fulham Michael , Clarnette Roger , Masters Colin L. , Wallon David , Hannequin Didier , Dubois Bruno , Pariente Jeremie , Sanchez‐Valle Raquel , Mummery Catherine , Ringman John M. , Bottlaender Michel , Klein Gregory , Milosavljevic‐Ristic Smiljana , McDade Eric , Xiong Chengjie , Morris John C. , Bateman Randall J. , Benzinger Tammie L.S.
Published: February 2019

Introduction

Quantitative in vivo measurement of brain amyloid burden is important for both research and clinical purposes. However, the existence of multiple imaging tracers presents challenges to the interpretation of such measurements. This study presents a direct comparison of Pittsburgh compound B–based and florbetapir‐based amyloid imaging in the same participants from two independent cohorts using a crossover design.

Methods

Pittsburgh compound B and florbetapir amyloid PET imaging data from three different cohorts were analyzed using previously established pipelines to obtain global amyloid burden measurements. These measurements were converted to the Centiloid scale to allow fair comparison between the two tracers. The mean and inter‐individual variability of the two tracers were compared using multivariate linear models both cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.

Results

Global amyloid burden measured using the two tracers were strongly correlated in both cohorts. However, higher variability was observed when florbetapir was used as the imaging tracer. The variability may be partially caused by white matter signal as partial volume correction reduces the variability and improves the correlations between the two tracers. Amyloid burden measured using both tracers was found to be in association with clinical and psychometric measurements. Longitudinal comparison of the two tracers was also performed in similar but separate cohorts whose baseline amyloid load was considered elevated (i.e., amyloid positive). No significant difference was detected in the average annualized rate of change measurements made with these two tracers.

Discussion

Although the amyloid burden measurements were quite similar using these two tracers as expected, difference was observable even after conversion into the Centiloid scale. Further investigation is warranted to identify optimal strategies to harmonize amyloid imaging data acquired using different tracers.
Screening of Egyptian obese children and adolescents for insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in angiotensin-converting enzyme gene
Authors: El-Kabbany Zeinab A. , Hamza Rasha T. , Shinkar Dina M. , Kamal Tarek M. , Abdelmageed Reham I. , Said Mina S. , Abdel-Hamid Mennatullah I.
Published: February 2019

Background: /aims:

The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism in the development of obesity and hypertension in children has not been widely studied. We aimed to screen Egyptian obese children and adolescents for insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the ACE gene.

Methods

One hundred forty-two children and adolescents were included (70 with simple obesity and 72 controls). Blood pressure was measured, and anthropometric parameters were assessed in all included children and adolescents. Fasting lipid profile, fasting glucose, and insulin were measured. DNA extraction and ACE I/D polymorphism genotyping were also performed.

Results

Obese children had a higher frequency of DD genotype (30% in obese versus 11.1% in controls, P = .01) and D alleles (61.8% in obese versus 48.6% in controls, P = .01). Obese children with hypertension and prehypertension had higher frequency of DD genotype than II genotype and higher D alleles than I alleles. DD genotype and D allele were independently associated with hypertension (OR: 9.86 and 11.57, respectively, P < .001), while dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were not associated with the ACE I/D gene polymorphism.

Conclusion

DD genotype and D-allele of the ACE gene polymorphism were associated with obesity and with hypertension and pre-hypertension in Egyptian children.
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 increases radioresistance of lung cancer cells by enhancing the DNA damage response
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Jin Guanghui , Cai Fangfang , Chen Xiao , Cao Nini , Zhang Xiangyu , Liu Jia , Chen Fei , Wang Feng , Dong Wei , Zhuang Hongqin , Hua Zi-Chun
Published: February 2019

Radiotherapy is a frequent mode of cancer treatment, although the development of radioresistance limits its effectiveness. Extensive investigations indicate the diversity of the mechanisms underlying radioresistance. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) on lung cancer radioresistance and the associated mechanisms. Our data showed that ERK5 is activated during solid lung cancer development, and ectopic expression of ERK5 promoted cell proliferation and G2/M cell cycle transition. In addition, we found that ERK5 is a potential regulator of radiosensitivity in lung cancer cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that ERK5 could trigger IR-induced activation of Chk1, which has been implicated in DNA repair and cell cycle arrest in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Subsequently, ERK5 knockdown or pharmacological inhibition selectively inhibited colony formation of lung cancer cells and enhanced IR-induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis. In vivo, ERK5 knockdown strongly radiosensitized A549 and LLC tumor xenografts to inhibition, with a higher apoptotic response and reduced tumor neovascularization. Taken together, our data indicate that ERK5 is a novel potential target for the treatment of lung cancer, and its expression might be used as a biomarker to predict radiosensitivity in NSCLC patients.
Blood pressure risk factors in early adolescents: results from a Ugandan birth cohort
Authors: Lule Swaib A. , Namara Benigna , Akurut Helen , Lubyayi Lawrence , Nampijja Margaret , Akello Florence , Tumusiime Josephine , Aujo Judith C. , Oduru Gloria , Mentzer Alexander J. , Smeeth Liam , Elliott Alison M. , Webb Emily L.
Published: February 2019

We aimed to investigate life-course factors associated with blood pressure (BP) among Ugandan adolescents. Between 9th April 2003 and 24th November 2005, 2507 pregnant women from Entebbe municipality and Katabi sub-county were enrolled into a deworming trial. The resulting 2345 live-born offspring were followed to age 10 or 11 years, when between 20th May 2014 to 16th June 2016, BP was measured following standard protocols. Factors associated with BP were assessed using multivariable linear regression. BP was measured in 1119 adolescents with a median age of 10.2 years. Mean systolic BP and diastolic BP was 105.9 mmHg (standard deviation (SD) 8.2) and 65.2 mmHg (SD 7.3), respectively. Maternal gestational body mass index (BMI), higher maternal education status and family history of hypertension were positively associated with adolescent BP. Childhood (age ≤5 years) malaria was associated with lower adolescent systolic BP. Factors measured at time of BP measurement positively associated with systolic BP were age, BMI, waist circumference and Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) infection; higher vegetable consumption was associated with lower systolic BP. Results for diastolic BP were similar, except higher fruit, rather than higher vegetable consumption was associated with lower diastolic BP and there was no association with waist circumference or Trichuris trichiura infection. In summary, life-course exposures were associated with adolescent BP in this tropical birth cohort. Malaria early in life could impact later BP. Interventions initiated early in life targeting individuals with family history of hypertension, aiming to reduce adiposity (in pregnancy and adolescence) and promoting fruit and vegetable consumption might contribute to reducing the risk of high BP and subsequent cardiovascular diseases.
A tunable Josephson platform to explore many-body quantum optics in circuit-QED
Authors: Puertas Martínez Javier , Léger Sébastien , Gheeraert Nicolas , Dassonneville Rémy , Planat Luca , Foroughi Farshad , Krupko Yuriy , Buisson Olivier , Naud Cécile , Hasch-Guichard Wiebke , Florens Serge , Snyman Izak , Roch Nicolas
Published: February 2019

The interaction between light and matter remains a central topic in modern physics despite decades of intensive research. Coupling an isolated emitter to a single mode of the electromagnetic field is now routinely achieved in the laboratory, and standard quantum optics provides a complete toolbox for describing such a setup. Current efforts aim to go further and explore the coherent dynamics of systems containing an emitter coupled to several electromagnetic degrees of freedom. Recently, ultrastrong coupling to a transmission line has been achieved where the emitter resonance broadens to a significant fraction of its frequency, and hybridizes with a continuum of electromagnetic (EM) modes. In this work we gain significantly improved control over this regime. We do so by combining the simplicity and robustness of a transmon qubit and a bespoke EM environment with a high density of discrete modes, hosted inside a superconducting metamaterial. This produces a unique device in which the hybridisation between the qubit and many modes (up to ten in the current device) of its environment can be monitored directly. Moreover the frequency and broadening of the qubit resonance can be tuned independently of each other in situ. We experimentally demonstrate that our device combines this tunability with ultrastrong coupling and a qubit nonlinearity comparable to the other relevant energy scales in the system. We also develop a quantitative theoretical description that does not contain any phenomenological parameters and that accurately takes into account vacuum fluctuations of our large scale quantum circuit in the regime of ultrastrong coupling and intermediate non-linearity. The demonstration of this new platform combined with a quantitative modelling brings closer the prospect of experimentally studying many-body effects in quantum optics. A limitation of the current device is the intermediate nonlinearity of the qubit. Pushing it further will induce fully developed many-body effects, such as a giant Lamb shift or nonclassical states of multimode optical fields. Observing such effects would establish interesting links between quantum optics and the physics of quantum impurities
Dynamic gravity compensation does not increase detection of myocardial ischemia in combined accelerometer and gyro sensor measurements
Authors: Krogh Magnus Reinsfelt , Halvorsen Per Steinar , Elle Ole Jakob , Bergsland Jacob , Remme Espen Wattenberg
Published: February 2019

Previous studies have shown that miniaturised accelerometers can be used to monitor cardiac function and automatically detect ischemic events. However, accelerometers cannot differentiate between acceleration due to motion and acceleration due to gravity. Gravity filtering is essential for accurate integration of acceleration to yield velocity and displacement. Heart motion is cyclic and mean acceleration over time is zero. Thus, static gravity filtering is performed by subtracting mean acceleration. However, the heart rotates during the cycle, the gravity component is therefore not constant, resulting in overestimation of motion by static filtering. Accurate motion can be calculated using dynamic gravity filtering by a combined gyro and accelerometer. In an animal model, we investigated whether increased accuracy using dynamic filtering, compared to using static filtering, would enhance the ability to detect ischemia. Additionally, we investigated how well the gyro alone could detect ischemia based on the heart’s rotation. Dynamic filtering tended towards lower sensitivity and specificity, using receiver operating characteristics analysis, for ischemia-detection compared to static filtering (area under the curve (AUC): 0.83 vs 0.93, p = 0.125). The time-varying gravity component indirectly reflects the heart’s rotation. Hence, static filtering has the advantage of indirectly including rotation, which alone demonstrated excellent sensitivity to ischemia (AUC = 0.98).
Death of female flower microsporocytes progresses independently of meiosis-like process and can be accelerated by specific transcripts in Asparagus officinalis
Authors: Ide Mayui , Masuda Kiyoshi , Tsugama Daisuke , Fujino Kaien
Published: February 2019

Asparagus officinalis (garden asparagus) is a dioecious perennial crop, and the dioecy (i.e., sex) of A. officinalis can affect its productivity. In A. officinalis, flower anthers in female plants fail to accumulate callose around microsporocytes, fail to complete meiosis, and degenerate due to cell death. Although 13 genes have been implicated in the anther development of male and female flowers, it is unclear how these genes regulate the cell death in female flower anthers. The aim of this study was to narrow down factors involved in this process. TUNEL staining and Feulgen staining of female flower microsporocytes suggest that female microsporocytes enter a previously undetected meiosis-like process, and that the cell death occurs independently of this meiosis-like process, excluding the possibility that the cell death is caused by the cessation of meiosis. RNA sequencing with individual floral organs (tepals, pistils and stamens) revealed that several genes possibly regulating the cell death, such as metacaspase genes and a Bax inhibitor-1 gene, are differentially regulated between female and male flower anthers, and that genes involved in callose accumulation are up-regulated only in male flower anthers. These genes are likely involved in regulating the cell death in female flower anthers in A. officinalis.
Quantum Fisher information of atomic system interacting with a single cavity mode in the presence of Kerr medium
Authors: Zidan N. , Abdel-Hameed H. F. , Metwally N.
Published: February 2019

The quantum Fisher information of an atomic system interacting with a single cavity mode in the presence of Kerr medium is discussed. It is shown that quantum Fisher information for an initial separable atomic system is larger than that depicted for the initial entangled atomic system. For initial vacuum state of the cavity mode, the quantum Fisher information with respect to the Kerr medium and the phase decoherence parameter is larger than that displayed for the detuning parameter. Both phase decoherence and Kerr medium have the same effect on the decay of quantum Fisher information, while they have an opposite effect on its maximum values.
WRINKLED1 transcription factor orchestrates the regulation of carbon partitioning for C18:1 (oleic acid) accumulation in Siberian apricot kernel
Authors: Deng Shuya , Mai Yiting , Shui Lanya , Niu Jun
Published: February 2019

WRINKLED1 (WRI1), an APETALA2 (AP2)-type transcription factor, has been shown to be required for the regulation of carbon partitioning into fatty acid (FA) synthesis in plant seeds. To our knowledge, the regulatory network of WRI1 remains unknown inPrunus sibiricakernel (PSK), a novel woody biodiesel feedstock in China. In this study, based on the transcriptional data from developing oilseeds of multiple plant species, we identified 161WRI1-coexpressed genes using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The major portion ofWRI1-coexpressed genes was characterized to be involved in carbon partitioning and FA biosynthesis. Additionally, we detected the temporal patterns for oil content and FA compositions in developing PSK from two different germplasms (AS-85 and AS-86). The major differences between the two germplasms are higher contents of oil and C18:1 in AS-85 than in AS-86 at a mature stage. Thus, AS-85 and AS-86 are desirable materials to explore the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of oil accumulation in Siberian apricot. Expression analysis in developing PSK of AS-85 and AS-86 indicated that the expression level ofP.sibirica WRI1(PsWRI1) was closely correlated to accumulative rate of oil. Also, the comparison of expression profiles in developing PSK of AS-85 and AS-86 displayed that thepPK,E1-α,E2,TAL,BC,MCMT,BS,SADandFAD2have a high correlation withPsWRI1. Transient expression showed that ProSAD- and ProBS-driving GUS expression showed no substantial difference between AS-85 and AS-86, while the expression level of ProPEPCK-AS-85 driving GUS was significantly higher than that of ProPEPCK-AS-86 driving GUS. Additionally, transient co-transformation withPsWRI1revealed that ProSAD, ProPEPCKand ProBSactivity could be specifically up-regulated by PsWRI1. This regulatory mechanism of PsWRI1 may create a steep concentration difference, thereby facilitating carbon flux into C18:1 accumulation in developing PSK. Overall, all our findings imply a versatile mechanism of WRI1 to optimize carbon allocation for oil accumulation, which can provide reference for researching the woody biodiesel plants.
Differential effects of coral-giant clam assemblages on biofouling formation
Authors: Guibert Isis , Bonnard Isabelle , Pochon Xavier , Zubia Mayalen , Sidobre Christine , Lecellier Gaël , Berteaux-Lecellier Véronique
Published: February 2019

To prevent the settlement and/or the growth of fouling organisms (i.e. bacteria, fungi or microalgae), benthic sessile species have developed various defense mechanisms among which the production of chemical molecules. While studies have mostly focused on the release of chemical compounds by single species, there exist limited data on multi-species assemblages. We used an integrative approach to explore the potential interactive effects of distinct assemblages of two corals species and one giant clam species on biofouling appearance and composition. Remarkably, we found distinct biofouling communities suggesting the importance of benthic sessile assemblages in biofouling control. Moreover, the assemblage of 3 species led to an inhibition of biofouling, likely through a complex of secondary metabolites. Our results highlight that through their different effect on their near environment, species assemblages might be of upmost importance for their survival and therefore, should now be taken into account for sustainable management of coral reefs.
Preserved multisensory body representations in advanced age
Authors: Riemer Martin , Wolbers Thomas , Kuehn Esther
Published: February 2019

The internal representation of the body emerges via the integration of multisensory body cues. Sensory signal transfer and the ability to integrate multisensory information deteriorate significantly with increasing age. However, there is little empirical evidence on age-related changes in body representations based on multisensory integration. Here, we used a standard paradigm for evaluating body representations based on multisensory integration, the rubber hand illusion, and compared the amount of proprioceptive drift and changes in perceived body ownership triggered by the integration of visual, tactile, and proprioceptive cues between younger and older adults. To account for potential age-related differences in the temporal stability of the illusion, proprioceptive drift was measured at five different time points. Our results show that older adults used synchronous visuo-tactile cues similarly to younger adults to update both the position of their own hand, and their feeling of ownership over the artificial hand. Independent of visuo-tactile synchrony, older adults perceived their hand as closer to their body than younger adults did, and showed a less stable representation of this in-depth hand position. This proprioceptive bias towards the body did not correlate with the strength of the illusion. Our results indicate that the integration of visual and tactile cues is largely preserved in advanced age when used to update limb position, whereas proprioception worsens with age. This may be linked to two different pathways that underlie changes in body representations over the life span.
Fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) as convenient probes for metal ion detection in aqueous medium
Authors: Ahmed Mukhtiar , Faisal Muhammad , Ihsan Ayesha , Naseer Muhammad Moazzam
Published: February 2019

Fluorescent organic nanoparticle (FON)-based chemosensors are emerging as a valuable tool for the fast and accurate detection of metal ions in aqueous media. In this review, we highlight the recent developments in this field.
Crystallisation in printed droplets: understanding crystallisation of d-mannitol polymorphs
Authors: Buanz Asma , Gurung Monica , Gaisford Simon
Published: February 2019

Crystallising d-mannitol in printed droplets provides new insights into understanding the effect of foreign surfaces on the formation of its polymorphs.
Crystal-plane effect of Cu2O templates on compositions, structures and catalytic performance of Ag/Cu2O nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Song Rui , Yu Zongyou , Huang Weixin
Published: February 2019

The compositions, structures and catalytic performance of acquired Ag/Cu2O nanocomposites are strongly dependent on the crystal plane of employed Cu2O solid templates.
Tin-oxide nanoparticles deposited from a beam: what happens to the composition?
Authors: Tchaplyguine M. , Wright C. , Shavorskiy A. , Zhu S. , Mikkelä M.-H. , Zhang C. , Björneholm O. , Mårsell E. , Mikkelsen A. , Sorensen S. , Hetherington C. J. D. , Wallenberg L. R.
Published: February 2019

Tin-oxide nanoparticles fabricated by vapour-aggregation were deposited and studied by PES in situ and after air-exposure by PES and TEM.
Influence of side chain isomerism on the rigidity of poly(3-alkylthiophenes) in solutions revealed by neutron scattering
Authors: Hong William D. , Lam Christopher N. , Wang Yangyang , He Youjun , Sánchez-Díaz Luis E. , Do Changwoo , Chen Wei-Ren
Published: February 2019

Using small-angle neutron scattering, we conducted a detailed conformational study of poly(3-alkylthiophene) solutions in deuterated dichlorobenzene.
Micromechanical exfoliation of graphene on the atomistic scale
Authors: Sinclair Robert C. , Suter James L. , Coveney Peter V.
Published: February 2019

We report the exfoliation mechanism of graphene nanoflakes with different adhesive tapes, using molecular dynamics and a new forcefield for graphene: GraFF.
Time-resolved radiation chemistry: femtosecond photoelectron spectroscopy of electron attachment and photodissociation dynamics in iodide–nucleobase clusters
Authors: Kunin Alice , Neumark Daniel M.
Published: February 2019

The pump pulse initiates intracluster charge transfer, creating transient nucleobase anions that model DNA damage pathways induced by low-energy electron attachment.
A facile synthesis of FePS3@C nanocomposites and their enhanced performance in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Miao , Tang Kaibin
Published: February 2019

FePS3@C nanocomposites are successfully synthesized by a facile two-step route.
Metallopolymers cross-linked with self-assembled Ln4L4cages
Authors: Yan Qian-Qian , Zhou Li-Peng , Zhou Hai-Yue , Wang Zhuo , Cai Li-Xuan , Guo Xiao-Qing , Sun Xiao-Qi , Sun Qing-Fu
Published: February 2019

Herein, we report a metallopolymer based on a polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) matrix cross-linked by tetranuclear Ln4L4cages.
A critical review on the analysis of lignin carbohydrate bonds
Authors: Giummarella Nicola , Pu Yunqiao , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Lawoko Martin
Published: February 2019

This review highlights the challenges of analyzing lignin–carbohydrate bonds, which are hypothesized to contribute to the recalcitrance in biomass fractionation.
Probing the absence of third phase formation during the extraction of trivalent metal ions in an ionic liquid medium
Authors: Venkateswara Rao Ch. , Rout Alok , Venkatesan K. A.
Published: February 2019

In contrast to molecular diluents, diglycolamide (T2EHDGA) and carbamoylmethyl-phosphine oxide (CMPO) extractants diluted in an ionic liquid diluent minimize aggregation upon nitric acid extraction and prevent third phase formation during the course of solvent extraction.
Fluorescence signal amplification assay for the detection of B. melitensis 16M, based on peptide-mediated magnetic separation technology and a AuNP-mediated bio-barcode assembled by quantum dot technology
Authors: Li Xinxin , Zhao Chao , Liu Yi , Li Yue , Lian Fengnan , Wang Dan , Zhang Ying , Wang Juan , Song Xiuling , Li Juan , Yang Yanming , Xu Kun
Published: February 2019

Members of the Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular bacteria that can cause global brucellosis, a zoonotic disease.
Molten metal closo-borate solvates
Authors: Møller Kasper T. , Paskevicius Mark , Andreasen Jacob G. , Lee Junqiao , Chen-Tan Nigel , Overgaard Jacob , Payandeh SeyedHosein , Silvester Debbie S. , Buckley Craig E. , Jensen Torben R.
Published: February 2019

Li2B12H12 is reported in the molten state for the first time, which enables a range of new research opportunities.
Magneto- and photo-responsive hydrogels from the co-assembly of peptides, cyclodextrins, and superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Nowak Benedikt P. , Ravoo Bart Jan
Published: February 2019

A hydrogel with dual response to magnetic fields and light is obtained from the co-assembly of peptides, cyclodextrins, and superparamagnetic nanoparticles.
Cobalt-catalyzed synthesis of N-containing heterocycles via cyclization of ortho-substituted anilines with CO2/H2
Authors: Ke Zhengang , Yu Bo , Wang Huan , Xiang Junfeng , Han Juanjuan , Wu Yunyan , Liu Zhenghui , Yang Peng , Liu Zhimin
Published: February 2019

The CO2-involved synthesis of chemicals is of great significance from the green and sustainable chemistry viewpoint.
Correction: Engineering of a TiO2 anode toward a record high initial coulombic efficiency enabling high-performance low-temperature Na-ion hybrid capacitors
Authors: Kang Meiling , Wu Yingying , Huang Xin , Zhou Kaiqiang , Huang Zhigao , Hong Zhensheng
Published: February 2019

Correction for ‘Engineering of a TiO2 anode toward a record high Initial coulombic efficiency enabling high-performance low-temperature Na-ion hybrid capacitors’ by Meiling Kang et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 22840–22850.