bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grape Disease Evaluation Using a Mixed-Model Ensemble of Convolution Neural Network and Random Forest
Authors: Ishengoma Farian S. , Lyimo Neema N.
Published: February 2023

Identifying and detecting crop diseases before they spread is a critical task for any farmer. Deep learning and computer vision are both useful for learning image features used in image classification tasks; however, deep learning takes a long time to train. In this paper, we propose an ensemble model for detecting pests on grape leaf images that employs a convolution neural network (CNN) as a feature extractor and a random forest (RF) as a classifier. CNN-based models VGG16, InceptionV3, Xception, and ResNet50 are arranged in parallel of two- and three-pathway configurations to extract more features and given to the RF for classification, and their accuracy is compared to a one-way model. Using the same data, we found that arranging CNN-based models in parallel configurations improves accuracy by 3.43% for two-pathway models and 6.37% for three-pathway models. Moreover, the best model in the one-way setting achieved 89.22% accuracy, while the best models in the two- and three-pathways settings achieved 92.65% and 95.59% accuracy, respectively.
Cyclic Hypersequent System for Transitive Closure Logic
Authors: Das Anupam , Girlando Marianna
Published: February 2023

We propose a cut-free cyclic system for Transitive Closure Logic (TCL) based on a form of hypersequents, suitable for automated reasoning via proof search. We show that previously proposed sequent systems are cut-free incomplete for basic validities from Kleene Algebra (KA) and Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL), over standard translations. On the other hand, our system faithfully simulates known cyclic systems for KA and PDL, thereby inheriting their completeness results. A peculiarity of our system is its richer correctness criterion, exhibiting ‘alternating traces’ and necessitating a more intricate soundness argument than for traditional cyclic proofs.
Comparison of Schlieren-based techniques for measurements of a turbulent and wavy free surface
Authors: Bheeroo Vivek , Mandel Tracy
Published: February 2023

The free surface at an air-water interface can provide information regarding bathymetric complexities, as well as the subsurface flow. We present a comparison of the performance of two recent advances in light-based optical techniques for free surface measurements, Total Internal Reflection-Deflectometry and Moon-Glade Background Oriented Schlieren, with the more established method of Free-Surface Synthetic Schlieren. We make use of an optical flow algorithm over the more traditional Digital Image Correlation, in order to obtain higher spatial resolution data across the imaged free surface domain. The Optical flow algorithm presents additional benefits, such as computational efficiency and robustness in capturing large displacements and straining of tracked features. The three optical techniques are assembled in synchronization to image two free surface conditions: (1) a free surface being impinged upon by an underlying turbulent, free-shear flow and (2) a random and irregular wave field induced by a free jet. Using the high-resolution measurements, we provide insight on the emergence of multiple free surface dynamics for a turbulent free surface and dissect the local hydrodynamics of the free surface for several wave forcings. We present a comprehensive discussion on the benefits and drawbacks of each technique, including suggestions on the suitability of each technique for several experimental constraints.
Review of Delay Tolerant Networks Routing Protocols Employing Time-based Utility Measures
Authors: . Savita , Verma Ankita
Published: February 2023

Over the past decade, there is a pressing need for the network applications to be connected with peers in the variety of operating conditions such as unreliable networks, frequent node mobility, and resource constraints. Owing to these heterogeneous environments, the network devices face various challenges such as link disruptions, extensive propagation delays and unexpected dropping of packets. Such networks which are marked by the presence of disrupted end-to-end connections are termed as Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). As traditional routing protocols assume seamless connectivity, meager propagation delays and packet loss, their applicability to the delay tolerant networks are limited. Motivated to mitigate the challenges of DTNs, a plethora of routing protocols has been developed to specifically suit the extreme operating environment. The DTNs routing protocols estimate the likelihood of delivery of a message on each hop to select the most applicable relay nodes using various metrics such as frequency of contact, encounter history or duration of contact. The seminal objective of these protocols is to ensure decent reliability with less overhead in connection-disruptive and resource deficit networks. This article aims to begin with the general discussion of routing protocols which employs time-based utility measures and then diving in depth covering various aspects such as relay selection, energy requirements, message replication strategy and buffer management.
Clinical pharmacokinetics of ivermectin metabolites and their activity against Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes
Authors: Kern Charlotte , Mueller Pie , Chaccour Carlos , Liechti Matthias E , Hammann Felix , Duthaler Urs
Published: February 2023

Background
Ivermectin (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a: H2B1a) is an endectocide used to treat worm infections and ectoparasites including lice and scabies mites. Furthermore, survival of malaria transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes is strongly decreased after feeding on humans recently treated with ivermectin. Currently, mass drug administration of ivermectin is under investigation as a potential novel malaria vector control tool to reduce Plasmodium transmission by mosquitoes. A “post-ivermectin effect” has also been reported, in which the survival of mosquitoes remains reduced even after ivermectin is no longer detectable in blood meals. In the present study, we analyzed existing material from human clinical trials to understand the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin metabolites and performed feeding experiments in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes to assess whether ivermectin metabolites contribute to the mosquitocidal action of ivermectin and whether they may be responsible for the post-ivermectin effect.
Methods
Ivermectin was incubated in the presence of recombinant human cytochrome P450 3A4/5 (CYP 3A4/5) to produce ivermectin metabolites. In total, nine metabolites were purified by semi-preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetics of the metabolites were assessed over three days in twelve healthy volunteers who received a single oral dose of 12 mg ivermectin. Blank whole blood was spiked with the isolated metabolites at levels matching the maximal blood concentration (Cmax) observed in pharmacokinetics study samples. These samples were fed to An. stephensi mosquitoes, and their survival and vitality was recorded daily over three days.
Results
Human CYP3A4 metabolized ivermectin more rapidly than CYP3A5. However, 24-hydroxy- H2B1a (M9) was solely produced by CYP3A5, whereas ivermectin metabolites M1–M8 were predominantly formed by CYP3A4. Both 3’’-O-desmethyl-H2B1a (M1) and 4-hydroxy-H2B1a (M2) killed all mosquitoes within three days post-feeding, while administration of 3’’-O-desmethyl, 4-hydroxy-H2B1a (M4) reduced survival to 35% over an observation period of three days. Ivermectin metabolites that underwent deglycosylation or hydroxylation at spiroketal moiety were not active against An. stephensi. Half-lives of M1 (54.2 ± 4.7 h) and M4 (57.5 ± 13.2 h) were considerably longer than that of the parent compound IVM (38.9 ± 20.8 h).
Conclusion
In conclusion, both metabolites contribute to the activity of ivermectin against mosquitoes and could be responsible for the “post-ivermectin effect”.
Optimal path planning and data simulation of emergency material distribution based on improved neural network algorithm
Authors: Chen Min
Published: February 2023

With the development of computer technology today, data storage technology is also gradually improving. Various industries can store massive amounts of data for analysis. The global climate change and the bad ecology led to frequent occurrence of natural disasters. Therefore, it has become a reality to build a system for the optimal distribution of emergency materials. The processing of big data can realize the prediction of future emergency materials storage and transportation. In this paper, the neural network model is used to calculate and the optimal emergency distribution route is analyzed according to the historical information and the data. Considering backpropagation, this paper further disposing a method to further improve the calculation of neural network algorithm. From the perspective of the structural parameters of the neural network algorithm, Using genetic algorithms to construct predictions, and combined with the actual purpose of material distribution after disasters occur. Considering the capacity constraints of distribution centers, time constraints, material needs of disaster relief points, and different means of transportation, a dual-objective path planning with multiple distribution centers and multiple disaster relief points with the shortest overall delivery time and lowest overall delivery cost is constructed. By establishing an emergency material distribution system, it can maximize the prompt and accurate delivery after a natural disaster occurs, and solves the urgent needs of the people.
Modification of suitable electrolytes for high voltage lithium-rich manganese-based cathode with wide-temperature range
Authors: Zhang Long , Dong Xi , Wang Yutong , Wang Chunxia , Cao Tiantian , Wen Jiawei , Huang Guoyong
Published: February 2023

New high-voltage cathode materials have been gradually developed, and their discharge voltages can reach more than 5 V ( vs. Li+/Li), but there are very few electrolytes matched with this cathode. Here, we have designed a modified electrolyte containing both FEC and LiDFOB additives which has a high oxidation potential over 5.0V, which perfectly match for high voltage lithium-rich manganese-based cathode. When FEC and LiODFB were added to the basic electrolyte, at 25℃ and 40℃，lithium-rich manganese-based cathode has excellent cycling stability in the voltage range of 2.5-5V. The capacity retention rate of the LMR/Li battery after 200 cycles was 66.5% at 25°C, and 68.7% after 100 cycles at 40°C. The first cycle discharge specific capacity of each system exceeds 200 mAh/g. In contrast, the capacity retention rate of lithium-ion batteries using primary electrolyte is merely 53.6% and 67.6% after cycling at 25 °C and 40 °C. The high-temperature, high-voltage performance exhibited by this formulation is a perfect match for Li-rich manganese-based cathode materials.
A Pancreatic Neuroendocrine carcinoma with Super High Procalcitonin mimicking Sepsis Shock: case report and literature review
Authors: Qin Ling , Li Ningning , Jia Congwei , QIN XUZHEN , Wang Xiang , Bai Chunmei
Published: February 2023

Besides medullary thyroid cancer, a latent and relatively mild increase of serum procalcitonin (PCT) has been found in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Here we are aiming to supply more information about NENs related PCT elevation, in order to broaden the clinical experiences about diagnosis and treatment of shock in tumor patients. we reported an advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (pNEC) with liver and lung metastasis, in which a rare pseudo-sepsis shock with extremely high serum PCT level (exceeding 100 ng/ml) had been demonstrated. A series of screening tests to exclude bacterial infections, including blood culture, urine culture and even metagenomic NGS (mNGS), had been performed. Given negative evidence of bacterial infection and useless broad-spectrum antibiotics treatment, steroid was used to relieve the serious inflammation and its related shock. The patient’s condition was improved and discharged. In summary, despite the ubiquitous use of PCT used in bacterial infection and sepsis shock, pNEC could cause the high level of serum PCT and even result in severe inflammation accompanied by shock. As for diagnosis and treatment strategies, pNEC should be regarded as one of rare differential diagnosis when experimental antibiotics are not working. The potential mechanism of PCT elevation and its role in prognosis of pNEC still needed to be further studied.
The role of ZEB1 in regulating Tight junctions in Antrochoanal polyp
Authors: wu yisha , Hao Dingqian , Tu Yanyi , Chen Lin , Yu Liang , Yu Peng , Chen Aiping , Wan Yuzhu , Shi Li
Published: February 2023

Antrochoanal polyp (ACP) is a benign nasal mass of unknown etiology. Tight junctions (TJs) are essential to the epithelial barrier that protects the body from external damage. The samples were collected from 49 controls, 37 patients with ACP and 45 patients with nasal polyp (NP). qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were performed to analyze the expressions of TJs markers (ZO-1, Claudin-3 and Occludin) and ZEB1. The expression levels of TJs markers were analyzed in primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) transfected with IL-17A and ZEB1 small interfering RNA (si-ZEB1). The levels of ZO-1 and Occludin mRNA were significantly downregulated in the ACP compared with the control and NP groups, and the expression of Claudin-3 was markedly lower in the ACP than control group. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the staining intensity of TJs markers was significantly decreased in the ACP and NP groups, and there was no difference between NP and ACP groups. Meanwhile, ZEB1 expression was significantly upregulated in ACP group. In hNECs, The IL-17A group showed much weaker expression of ZO-1, Claudin3 and Occludin compared to the control group.IL-17A and si-ZEB1 group reversed the down-regulation of the expression of TJs-related molecules. In addition, we observed that the degree of disruption of tight junctions correlated with the severity of the disease. The tight junctions in the ACP were extremely damaged and were correlated with the severity of the disease. In conclusion, ZEB1 was involved in the pathogenesis of ACP mediated by IL-17A though regulating tight junctions.
The Beneficial Effects of Ivabradine Aganist Myocardial Damage induced by Isoproterenol in Rats
Authors: Polat Seyhan , Altuntas Miray , Gunata Mehmet , Polat Alaadin , Tanriverdi Lokman Hekim , Yildiz Azibe , Durhan Merve , Vardi Nigar , Cigremis Yilmaz , Parlakpinar Hakan
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the potential benefits of two doses of ivabradine against isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage in rats.
Methods: The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control (n=8); Saline was administered, Isoproterenol (ISO) (n=12); 150 mg/kg ISO was administered for 2 days, ISO+Low-dose IVA (ISO+LIVA) (n=12); 1 mg/kg IVA was administered for 4 days in addition to ISO. ISO+High-dose IVA (ISO+HIVA) group (n=12): 10 mg/kg IVA was administered for 4 days in addition to ISO. Thereafter, hemodynamic, histopathological, and biochemical studies were performed.
Results: In the ISO+LIVA and ISO+HIVA groups, ISO-induced myocardial changes including increase in density of granulation tissue and degenerated cardiomyocyte were equally decreased. HR was mildly reduced and arterial blood pressures were slightly increased in the IVA-treated groups versus the ISO group. In the hearts of IVA-treated groups, malondialdehyde level was significantly reduced and Glutathione (GSH) level and catalase (CAT) activity were mildly increased compared to the ISO group. Elevation of GSH and CAT activity were more pronounced in ISO+HIVA group.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that both 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg doses of IVA were effective against heart damage induced by ISO via its negative chronotropic, anti-oxidant (dose dependent), anti-inflammatory and anti-degenerative properties.
Decoding the Indian Economic Slowdown: An Insight into the Factors behind the Stumble
Authors: Baranidharan S.
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the economic challenges faced by the Indian economy in the past 12 years and the strategies implemented to overcome them, particularly in the context of the recent crisis and recession.
Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative research design was used, incorporating both secondary data sources, such as government reports, academic journals, and expert interviews. This approach provided a comprehensive understanding of the Indian economy during the past 12 years. The Economic statistics like the Consumer Price Index, GDP, Gross Savings and Investment Rates, Trade Ratio of GDP, Share of Manufacturing and Industry in GDP, and Bank NPA used to understand the causes of the slowdown.
Findings: The findings reveal that the Indian economy has faced significant challenges in recent years, particularly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in a decline in economic growth, consumer spending, investment, and exports. However, the study also discovered that the Indian economy has shown resilience in overcoming these challenges, with a rebound in 2021 due to government and monetary policy measures.
Research limitations/implications: The study has some limitations, including dependence on secondary data sources and a lack of comprehensive data on the pandemic's impact on the Indian economy. Further research is necessary to gain a more in-depth understanding of the challenges faced by the Indian economy and the efficacy of management strategies implemented.
Practical implications: The findings of this study have practical implications for policymakers and business leaders, highlighting the challenges faced by the Indian economy and the importance of effective management strategies to overcome them.
Social implications: The challenges faced by the Indian economy have significant social implications, affecting the livelihoods of millions and having a ripple effect on the wider economy. This study's findings provide important insight into the social impact of the recent crisis and recession on the Indian economy.
Originality/value: This study provides unique insights into the economic challenges faced by the Indian economy in the past 12 years and the strategies implemented to overcome them. It adds to the existing body of knowledge by offering a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the recent crisis and recession on the Indian economy.
JEL Codes: E32, E62, O23, O24.
Comparative Efficacy of Angiotensin Converting Enzymes Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Heart Failure in Tanzania: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mayala Mark , Mayala Henry , Khanbhai Khuzeima
Published: February 2023

Background

Heart failure has been a rising concern in Tanzania. New drugs have been introduced, including the group of drugs called Angiotensin receptor Neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), but due to their high cost, angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been mostly used in Tanzania. However, according to our knowledge, the efficacy comparison of the two groups is yet to be studied in Tanzania. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of ACEIs and ARBs among patients with heart failure.

Methodology

This was a hospital-based prospective cohort study done at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institution (JKCI), Tanzania, from June to December 2020. Consecutive enrollment was done until fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Clinical details were measured at baseline. We assessed the relationship between ARBs and ACEI users with N-terminal pro-Brain natriuretic peptide (NT pro-BNP) levels at admission and at 1-month follow-up using a chi-square test. A Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the survival time of the two groups.

Results

155 HF patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 48 years, whereby 52.3% were male, and their mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 37.3%. 52 (33.5%) heart failure patients were on ACEIs, 57 (36.8%) on ARBs, and 46 (29.7%) were neither using ACEIs nor ARBs. At least half of the patients did not receive a Guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT), with only 82 (52.9%) receiving a GDMT. A drop in NT pro-BNP levels was observed during admission and at 1-month follow-up on both groups, from 6389.2pg/ml to 4000.1pg/ml for ARB users and 5877.7pg/ml to 1328.2pg/ml for the ACEIs users. There was no statistical difference between the two groups when estimated by the Kaplan-Meier curve, though, more deaths were observed in those who were neither on ACEIs nor ARBs, with a calculated P value of 0.01.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that ACEIs have more efficacy and overall better clinical outcome than ARBs, but this should be taken under the patient-based case, considering the side effects of ACEIs and patients’ adherence.
The Effect of RAS/BRAF Mutation Status on Prognosis and Relapse Pattern in Early Stage Colon Cancers
Authors: Kunt Nazli , Araz Murat , Yildirim Mahmut Selman , Findik Siddika , Kocak Mehmet Zahid , Eryilmaz Melek Karakurt , Artac Mehmet
Published: February 2023

Purpose
It is known that the RAS and BRAF mutations are predictive for targeted therapies together with chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic colon cancer and affect negatively the prognosis of the disease. In early stage cancer, however, there are limited studies in the literature about the relationship of this mutational condition with prognosis and relapse pattern of the disease. In this study, in addition to classical risk factors, we evaluated the effects of mutational status on the clinical pattern at recurrence and survival in early stage colon cancer.
Methods
Patients who diagnosed with early-stage colon cancer and when following up recurrence or metastasis was detected were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups as positive and negative RAS/BRAF mutations. Mutation analysis was performed from the early stage tissue of the patients whose mutation was positive at the time of recurrence. The relationship between mutation status and progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and relapse pattern was analyzed.
Results
The number of patients with positive and negative mutations in the early stage were 39 and 40, respectively. 69% of the patients in the mutant group and 70% of the patients in the wild group were in stage 3. Both OS (47.27 months vs. 67.53 months; p = 0.02) and PFS (25.12 vs. 38.13 months; p = 0.049) were statistically significantly lower in mutant patients. Most patients had distant metastases at the time of recurrence on both sides (61.5% vs. 62.5%, respectively). There was no significant difference between mutant and non-mutant patients in terms of distant metastasis and local recurrence rates (p = 0.657). In the mutation re-analysis performed from the early stage tissue of the patients with mutations in the metastatic period, 11.4% of the patients were found to have no mutations.
Conclusion
Presence of mutation in early stage colon cancer is associated with shorter OS and PFS. The mutational status did not have a significant effect on the recurrence pattern. Because of the discordance of early-stage and late-stage mutational status, it is recommended to perform mutation analysis from tissue at relapse, if possible.
Prognostic value of preoperative circulating tumor cells for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Yu Jing-jing , Li Ya-ni , Shu Chang , Yang Hui-yuan , Huang Zhao , Tao Ran , Chen Yue-yue , Chen Xiao-ping , Xiao Wei
Published: February 2023

Purpose The role of circulating tumor cell (CTC) has not been fully understood in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).
Methods In this retrospective analysis, 316 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy and preoperative CTC detection were included. Forty-one pairs of matched HCC patients with/without PVTT were selected by a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. The preoperative CTC counts were compared in patients of full cohort and PSM model respectively. While their associations with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were further analyzed.
Results Before and after PSM analysis, the preoperative CTC counts in HCC with PVTT group were substantially higher than in HCC without PVTT group. In full cohort of patients and in PSM model, patients with CTC ≥ 2 showed significantly shorter OS and DFS than patients with CTC < 2. The outcome of HCC patients with PVTT could be well differentiated by preoperative CTC levels, HCC patients with CTC ≥ 2 had noticeably shorter OS (9.9 months vs. 24.6 months, P = 0.0003) and DFS (6.0 months vs. 12.3 months, P = 0.0041) than those with CTC < 2. Moreover, preoperative CTC ≥ 2 remained independent in all groups’ multivariate analysis.
Conclusion We discovered a link between preoperative CTC counts and the occurrence of PVTT, and confirmed the prognostic significance of preoperative CTC in HCC patients with PVTT. These findings suggested that preoperative CTC counts have the potential to assist in identifying patients with HCC and PVTT who may benefit from surgery.
TransitCrowd: Estimating Subway Stations Demand with Mobile Crowdsensing Data
Authors: Vitello Piergiorgio , Fiandrino Claudio , Connors Richard D. , Viti Francesco
Published: February 2023

Traditionally Public Transport (PT) demand estimation relies on manual survey-based or, where available, smartcard passenger data. However, even if these are precious data for researchers, providers and municipalities make it rarely available. The problem is poised to worsen accounting for the variety of formats and the low granularity in which such data is available. Only recently first steps towards the use of more advanced ICT-based data-driven approaches have started to emerge, which can provide new opportunities for generating more data and insights into transit demand patterns and behaviour.
In this paper, we tackle one specific instance of transit demand estimation, that of subway stations. We design and test the TransitCrowd tool, which estimates the transit users entering and exiting stations using as proxy the subway crowdness provided by Google Popular Times crowdsensed information that is available at sheer scale in any city. Then subway crowdness is mapped to the precise volume and temporal dynamics of entrances and exits profiles at the level of each subway station. TransitCrowd's key component is the one-time calibration which creates temporal signatures of the stations. We assess TransitCrowd's estimation accuracy for two cities across a two-months period, i.e., New York and Washington.
Transformationsprozesse und der Aufbau von (medialer) Gestaltungskompetenz zur nachhaltigen Entwicklung in Bildungsprozessen
Authors: Autenrieth Daniel , Nickel Stefanie
Published: February 2023

Der Beitrag präsentiert das Entwicklungsprojekt «Expo Zukunft der Nachhaltigkeit digital und partizipativ» (ExpoNaDig partizipativ) sowie erste qualitativ erhobene projektbegleitende Forschungsergebnisse. Im Zentrum steht ein virtuell-kreativer Raum, mit dem Ziel der gemeinschaftlichen und offenen Gestaltung einer erweiterbaren digitalen Weltausstellung für eine nachhaltige Zukunft. Es geht darum, jungen Menschen (national wie global) eine Plattform zu geben, um prospektiv ihre Ideen und Wünsche visualisieren zu können sowie um aus den Visionen der nachwachsenden Generation (Unterrichts-)Material und Aktivitäten zur Stärkung von Gestaltungskompetenzen zugunsten einer Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung abzuleiten. ExpoNaDig möchte für eine zukunftsfähige Entwicklung im Zusammenspiel von Ökologie, Sozialem und Ökonomie die in Grundsatz 21 der Rio-Deklaration angesprochene geistig-schöpferische Dimension stärken, in der es darum geht, «die Kreativität, die Ideale und den Mut der jungen Menschen auf der ganzen Welt» zu mobilisieren. Der Beitrag untersucht anhand des Projektbeispiels die Fragen danach, wie junge Menschen Nachhaltigkeits-Kompetenzen entwickeln können, und untersucht dabei (organisationslogische) Strukturen und deren Auswirkungen auf pädagogisches sowie kreatives und partizipatives Handeln.
O Hiato Salarial entre Homens e Mulheres na Administração Pública Brasileira
Authors: Vieira Marco Aurélio , Ceretta Paulo Sergio
Published: February 2023

A discussão sobre a dinâmica da relação de rendimentos dentro do setor público indica uma lacuna teórica de estudos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar a existência de discriminação salarial entre homens e mulheres no setor público brasileiro. O estudo é realizado a partir da base de dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua referente ao primeiro trimestre do ano de 2018. As variáveis utilizadas na pesquisa referem-se àquelas que podem afetar a renda do servidor: educação medida em nível de escolaridade, idade, cor (branco e não branco), sexo (feminino e masculino), residência (rural e urbano), horas trabalhadas. Utiliza-se o método de regressão com variáveis binárias para a estimação do hiato salarial entre os servidores públicos. Os resultados mostram que as mulheres obtêm rendimentos brutos em média 27% menores que seus colegas homens. Em contrapartida, as servidoras públicas alcançam incrementos salariais proporcionalmente maiores por meio do aumento do nível de escolaridade. Verificou-se uma dupla discriminação sofrida pelas mulheres nas três esferas de governo (Município, Estado e União) ao se evidenciar a diferença salarial auferida pelas mulheres comparadas aos homens e, também às mulheres não brancas comparadas àquelas de cor branca ao ter um acréscimo de 14% no Município e 16% no Estado em comparação com a mulher não branca. Conclui-se que há discriminação salarial no serviço público brasileiro, e o setor público não possui características de ser mais igualitário e propício às carreiras das mulheres.
A Criação de Valor na Teoria dos Stakeholders: Análise das Citações e Cocitações na Produção Científica Internacional
Authors: Cintra Renato Fabiano , Ribeiro Ivano , Lima Anderson Antonio de , Costa Benny Kramer
Published: February 2023

A investigação da criação de valor no contexto da teoria dos stakeholders (TS) é recente e uma tensão na perspectiva teórica. Diferente das pesquisas já realizadas, o artigo objetiva compreender a estrutura intelectual que conecta os autores que pesquisam a TS com o enfoque na criação de valor. Como forma de operacionalizar a pesquisa, buscamos por artigos publicados na base de dados Web of Science indexado ao termo “stakeholder theory” e na sequência refinamos pelo termo “value creat*”. A análise dos dados apresentou os 35 autores mais citados no campo, dentro de uma população de 2.058 referências. Por meio de técnicas quantitativas de escalonamento multidimensional (MDS) e da análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) analisamos as cocitações, o que nos permitiu identificar as relações teóricas do campo. Os resultados permitem inferir quatro correntes da criação de valor no contexto da TS: enfoque social da responsabilidade da empresa; gestão para ganhos e desempenhos; visão clássica da criação de valor; e visão contemporânea da discussão da TS e criação de valor. Como contribuição, tem a perspectiva distinta das pesquisas já realizadas e relacionadas a TS e criação de valor, pois busca demonstrar a estrutura intelectual que conectam os autores, bem como identificar as discussões e o desenvolvimento das pesquisas sobre criação de valor no contexto da TS. A pesquisa busca elucidar um campo comum e áreas que precisam de investigação, bem como contempla a discussão de duas das doze “tensões” da TS ao associar com a criação de valor.
A Estratégia de Diversificação Rural e o Acesso aos Capitais: O Caso da Propriedade Schaeffer no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Schaeffer Stefany Martha , Padilha Ana Claudia Machado , Secchi Morgana , Souza Marcelino de
Published: February 2023

A diversificação rural não se refere apenas em complementar as atividades dos agricultores com novas atividades não agrícolas, mas, também, cria uma nova base para a economia rural local. Nesse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar as alternativas de introdução de estratégia de diversificação para a Propriedade Rural Schaeffer, localizada em Tio Hugo (RS), a partir da plataforma de capitais disponíveis. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e exploratória por meio da técnica estudo de caso único. Além disso, utilizou-se da entrevista em profundidade por intermédio de um roteiro de perguntas com categorias determinadas a priori que emergiram da revisão da literatura, e as respostas foram gravadas em áudio, degravadas, tabuladas com a utilização do software Microsoft® Excel™ e analisadas a partir da técnica de análise de conteúdo. Como principais achados da pesquisa, identificou-se que os motivos mais destacados que levam a família a diversificar as atividades são a ampliação da renda e a exploração dos capitais disponíveis. Foram apontados fatores que modificam o acesso aos capitais (instituições e organizações) bem como os que interferem, como as tendências e choques. Por fim, conclui-se que as atividades de agroindústria e da piscicultura são alternativas viáveis para a execução da estratégia de diversificação rural de acordo com a plataforma de capitais disponíveis, especialmente no contexto da agricultura familiar.
Influenciadores digitais e o sistema de capitais como fator para contratação de serviços na cidade de Pelotas/RS
Authors: Waltzer Camila , Nesello Priscila , Rosa Barros Rasia Isabel Cristina
Published: February 2023

Com a democratização da internet e a facilidade de acesso aos meios de comunicação, as relações e a troca de informações passaram por uma mudança. O meio digital está em alta e, junto deste, surgiram os influenciadores digitais. Esses influenciadores são pessoas que detêm um grande público em redes sociais e utilizam deste espaço para promoção de publicidades para empresas. Diante da ascensão dos influenciadores digitais, este artigo buscou analisar de que forma ocorre a influência do sistema de capitais na decisão do lojista de contratar o serviço de um influenciador digital. Visando a alcançar uma melhor compreensão sobre a temática escolhida, a análise se deu a partir de entrevistas realizadas com lojistas e influenciadores digitais. Obteve-se quatro entrevistas, sendo duas com lojistas e duas com influenciadores digitais. Foi feita uma análise de conteúdo com o apoio do software NVIVO. Como resultado, encontrou-se que os capitais mais presentes nas atividades profissionais foram o Capital Identidade e o Capital Inteligência. Os capitais influenciam na decisão do lojista de contratar os serviços de influenciadores digitais, pois estes estabelecem uma conexão entre o público do influenciador (seus seguidores) com ele próprio e com a marca que este está apresentando.
Estrutura da Cadeia Produtiva e Transmissão de Preços Da Soja entre o Produtor e o Mercado Varejista no Brasil
Authors: Alves Lucilio Rogerio Aparecido , Sanches André Luis Ramos , Adami Andréia Cristina de Oliveira , Barros Geraldo Sant’Ana de Camargo , Osaki Mauro
Published: February 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o fluxo de transações ao longo da cadeia agroindustrial da soja, identificando todas as etapas desde a compra dos insumos, seguida de produção agrícola, armazenamento, processamento, usos industriais, consumo na alimentação humana e na alimentação animal, assim como o fluxo de disponibilização dos produtos que utilizam a soja e seus coprodutos para os mercados atacadista e varejista. Em seguida, por meio de modelos aplicados de séries temporais, identificou-se a direção e a intensidade de transmissão de choques nos preços da soja sobre os preços ao consumidor final de uma cesta de produtos que utilizam o grão e seus derivados como insumo no processo produtivo. Os produtos considerados na análise foram carne de frango, carne suína, carne bovina, ovos, pescados, óleo de soja, margarina e biodiesel. A base de dados compreende o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2018. Os resultados indicaram que choques nos preços da soja em grão influenciam positivamente e, de forma mais intensa, os preços do óleo de soja no mercado varejista, seguido dos impactos nos preços da carne suína, na carne de frango. Os impactos sobre os preços no varejo do óleo diesel, pescados, ovos, margarina foram menos representativos, mas também foram na mesma direção dos choques da matéria-prima.
Os 17 ODSs no Cenário Covid-19: Uma Revisão Sistemática sobre as discussões, os avanços e as novas perspectivas
Authors: Rodrigues Érica , Schwanke Jéssica , Peres Katiucia de Oliveira , Mallmann Logan , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste artigo foi revisar conceitualmente os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da ONU (17 ODSs), trazer um breve contexto da atual crise pandêmica trazida pela Covid-19, e, neste cenário, investigar quais são as discussões, avanços e novas perspectivas na gestão dos 17 ODSs. Baseado na pesquisa bibliográfica, o estudo consistiu numa revisão sistemática, construída a partir de buscas na plataforma Web of Science, em que, por meio de critérios preestabelecidos se chegou a dez artigos, que juntamente com outros materiais disponíveis sobre o tema, serviram de referencial teórico e na argumentação dos resultados por intermédio de análises e percepções. Verificou-se que existem ao redor do mundo diversas pesquisas que têm trazido contribuições significativas, como a gestão com foco na sustentabilidade e o planejamento estratégico apoiado pelas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs), a transição da economia linear para circular e o emprego de tecnologias digitais como a inteligência artificial, a chamada indústria 4.0. Além disso, destacou-se a necessidade da cooperação internacional, tanto para que as vacinas promissoras possam ser desenvolvidas e acessíveis a todas as áreas afetadas, quanto para que ocorram avanços na solução dos principais problemas sociais experimentados pelo mundo, como a erradicação da pobreza e da fome, o acesso à saúde e à educação de qualidade, à igualdade, ao pleno emprego e acesso a recursos básicos, como energia, água limpa, saneamento para todos, redução nas mudanças climáticas e na degradação ambiental, além do consumo consciente, tal qual preconizam os ODSs.
Factors influencing the use of rainwater for agricultural irrigation: the case of greenhouse agriculture in southeast Spain
Authors: López-Felices B. , Velasco-Muñoz J. F. , Aznar-Sánchez J. A. , Román-Sánchez I. M.
Published: February 2023

The availability and quality of water resources for agricultural irrigation are being increasingly compromised by different factors. In this context, the installation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems for use in agricultural holdings can contribute to mitigating this problem. However, the use of these systems by farmers continues to be very low. This paper analyses the factors that influence a farmer's decision to adopt these systems to take advantage of rainwater. Greenhouse agriculture in southeast Spain is the case studied. For this, a binary logistic regression model based on a survey administered to farmers was used. Among the variables found to be significant, the most important variables are the quantity of water in the pond, the pond capacity and environmental awareness. The variables that least affect the adoption decision are age, education level and income. These results have allowed the development of the main lines of action for policy-makers to intervene in order to promote the adoption of these systems. These measures focus on enhancing the training of farmers, providing them with financial support and boosting their environmental awareness. The results of this study lead to improved research on farmers’ behaviour and sustainable management of water resources in agriculture.
Distribution of multiple antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in potable water from hand-dug wells in Iwo, Nigeria
Authors: Atobatele Bukola Oyerinola , Owoseni Abimbola
Published: February 2023

The provision of potable water is a global challenge. Infections caused by drinking contaminated water are a regular occurrence in developing countries. This study was carried out to determine Gram-negative bacterial distribution and antibiotic resistance in potable water from hand-dug wells within Iwo, Nigeria. Thirty hand-dug wells were randomly selected within Iwo for sampling carried out between October and December 2018. Bacteria identification was carried out using standard methods. The most probable number (MPN) and antibiotic resistance profile as well as Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index (MARI) for these isolates were determined in addition to studying their haemolysis patterns on blood agar. Results showed that all the water samples from these hand-dug wells were highly contaminated. The highest value >1,100+ was recorded for 21 samples. In addition, 11 genera of bacteria were isolated: Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Morganella, Neisseria, Proteus, Providencia, Salmonella, Serratia and Pseudomonas. Antibiotic resistance to cefixime and cefuroxime were 92.6 and 90.9%, respectively. One hundred and sixty-nine (96.6%) isolates had a MARI greater than 0.2 and all showed haemolysis. Ingestion of this contaminated water has major public health implications. Hence, it is advisable that every individual should embark on in-house water treatment to avoid water-borne diseases.
Modeling climate change impact on the inflow of the Magat reservoir using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for dam management
Authors: Singson Czarimah L. , Alejo Lanie A. , Balderama Orlando F. , Bareng Jeoffrey Lloyd R. , Kantoush Sameh A.
Published: February 2023

Understanding the impact of climate change on watersheds using hydrologic models is timely and vital to dam management. The study predicts changes in the inflow of the Magat reservoir using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) under the two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios for future centuries. The monthly calibration process (18 years) and validation process (10 years) of the model resulted in an NSE of 0.73, R2 of 0.74, RSR of 0.52, PBIAS of 8.38, NSE of 0.56, R2 of 0.62, RSR of 0.66, and a PBIAS of 17.3, respectively. Under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, the model predicted that during the dry and normal years, there will be an average decrease of inflow of 18.56 and 5.41% but an increase of 19.25% during the wet years. Peak flow will likely occur in September for all the scenarios, with a maximum discharge of up to 342.46 m3/s. The study recommends the integration of the model results to update the dam discharge protocol on the forecasting of monthly and annual inflows of the Magat dam to aid the dam management in observing long-term changes in the flow of water going into the reservoir.
Linking Phenotypes and Genotypes with Matrix Factorizations
Authors: Li Jianqiang , Guan Yu , Xu Xi , Ma Zerui , Pei Yan
Published: February 2023

Aims:

We linked phenotypes and genotypes by PheGe-Net, a unified operation frame.

Background:

Genotype refers to the general name of all gene combinations of an individual. It
reflects the genetic composition of organisms. Phenotype refers to the macroscopic characteristics
of an organism that can be observed.

Objective:

Identifying the phenotype-genotype association assists in the explanation of the pathogenesis
and the progress of genomic medicine.

Methods:

PheGe-Net exploited the similarity net of phenotypes and genotypes and recognized
phenotype-genotype relationships to discover their hidden interactions.

Results:

By conducting experiments with a real-world dataset, the validity of our PheGe-Net is
verified. Our method outperformed the second-best one by around 3% on Accuracy and NMI
when clustering the phenotype/genotype; it also successfully detected phenotype-genotype associations,
for example, the association for obesity (OMIM ID: 601665) was analyzed, and among the
top ten scored genes, two known ones were assigned with scores more than 0.75, and other eight
predicted ones are also explainable.

Conclusion:

PheGe-Net is not only able to discover latent phenotype or genotype clusters but also
can uncover the hidden relationships among them, as long as there are known similarity networks
of phenotype, genotype, and acknowledged pheno-genotype relationships.
4-Nerolidylcatechol (4-NC) and Docetaxel Synergize in Controlling Androgen-
independent Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: da Silva Guimarães Gabriela , Cordeiro Antonielle Oliveira , Gazolla Matheus Coutinho , Vecchi Lara , Pereira Zoia Mariana Alves , de Vasconcelos Azevedo Fernanda Van Petten , Moreira Campos Igor , de Souza Costa Danilo , Soares  Mota Sara Teixeira , Alves Ribeiro Matheus , Goulart Luiz Ricardo , da Silva Filho Ademar Alves , Araújo Thaise Gonçalves
Published: February 2023

Background:

Effective cancer treatment still challenges medicine since the strategies employed so far are not sufficiently safe and capable of specifically eliminating tumor cells. Pros-tate cancer (PCa) is a highly incident malignant neoplasm, and the outcome of patients, especially those with advanced castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), depends directly on the efficacy of the thera-peutic agents, such as docetaxel (DOC).

Objective:

This study investigated the synergistic potentiation of 4-nerolidylcatechol (4-NC) with DOC in inhibiting androgen-independent PCa cells.

Methods:

The cytotoxic effect of 4-NC was evaluated against non-tumorigenic (RWPE-01) and PCa cell lines (LNCaP and PC-3), and the antiproliferative potential of 4-NC was assessed by flow cytometry and colony formation. The Chou-Talalay method was applied to detect the synergistic effect of 4-NC and DOC, and the mechanism of anticancer activities of this combination was inves-tigated by analyzing players in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Results:

4-NC significantly reduced the viability of PC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner, de-creasing colony formation and proliferation. The combination of 4-NC and DOC was synergistic in the androgen-independent cells and allowed the reduction of DOC concentration, with increased cy-totoxicity and induction of apoptosis when compared to compounds alone. Furthermore, when 4-NC was co-administered with DOC, higher expression levels of proteins associated with the epithe-lial phenotype were observed, controlling EMT in PC-3 cells.

Conclusion:

Collectively, these data demonstrated, for the first time, that the combination of 4-NC with reduced doses of DOC could be especially valuable in the suppression of oncogenic mecha-nisms of androgen-independent PCa cells.