bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hadendowa Political Entitlement and Territory Development with Special Reference to the Relations with Governments
Authors: Hayati Omer
Published: September 2022

This research is an attempt to trace the history and reality of Hadendowa political entitlement and territory development in relation to the successive Governments before and after Sudan independence (1965). Territory development has been dealt with within the context of livelihood stability. Famines history in Hadendwa area has been analysed within the Governments respond to famine situation. Special attention has been drawn to Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement singed between Government of Sudan (GOS) and Eastern Front (EF) on 15, Oct. 2006, in

Asmara, Eritrea, under the auspices of the Government of the State of Eritrea.

The research has reached the following conclusions; (ii) the role of Governments to develop, the Hadendowa area after Sudan independence seems to be generally limited; (ii) the Hadendowa requests to successive Governments to develop their area before and after Sudan independence bargain heartily with the socioeconomic, environment, and cultural  articles of Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement; (iii) Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement; and (iii) Eastern Sudan Reconstruction and Development Fund is expected to play a tangible role in developing and rehabilitating Eastern Sudan during the period from 2008 – 2011, if allocated resources are managed well
آراء حول قيام الدولة العثمانية
Authors: الكباشي أنعم محمد عثمان
Published: September 2022

تحاول هذه الدراسة أن تبحث في العوامل السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية التي لعبت دورا كبيرا في قيام الدولة العثمانية. وتركز بصورة كبيرة على العامل السياسي المتمثل في تفكك دولة السلاجقة نتيجة للهجمات المتتالية من طرف المغول، حيث قادت هذه الهجمات إلى ظهور كيانات سياسية جديدة متمثلة في الإمارات التركمانية. وتعتبر الإمارة العثمانية هي أهم هذه الإمارات على الإطلاق. وإثر ذلك تتناول الدراسة الإمارة العثمانية بشيء من التفصيل، وذلك من خلال التطرق إلى شخصية "عثمان" مؤسس الدولة، ودلالات مصطلح "عثماني"، والموقع الجغرافي ودوره الكبير في ظهور العثمانيين، وأخيرا تتعرض الدراسة إلى "أورخان" باعتباره يمثل الشخصية الثانية للعثمانيين في مرحلة الإمارة.
الحشرات من خلال أدبيات الرحالة القدامى في السودان
Authors: حامدين حماد محمد   
Published: September 2022

يحفل أدب الرحالة بمادة ثرة يمكن أن تشكل أهمية في الدراسات البيئية الآثارية و الأنثربولوجية والفلكلورية و اللغوية والتاريخية والطبية وغيرها ،كما يمكن أن تساهم في طرح أو إجابة أسئلة في ضروب تلك العلوم..وقد كان السودان منذ القدم منطقة جاذبة يحفها الغموض وقد وجد حظاً في كتابات  الكتاب الكلاسيكيين (الإغريق والرومان ) وفي القرون الوسطى و  المتأخرة.وتعتبر الحشرات أحدى مكونات البيئة ونجد أن بعض الرحالة قد ذكروا أنواع من الحشرات يمكن أن تساهم في فهم البيئة والإمراض والاقتصاد وغيرها. ومن أنواع الحشرات التى تم التعرف عليها نجد كل الجراد،النحل، الأرضة، الجعارين،البق، البعوض،الذباب، كما هناك بعض الحيوانات القريبة الشبة من الحشرات وهي العنكبوتيات وشملت كل من العناكب والعقارب.

وإذا استعرضنا الكتاب الكلاسيكيين والرحالة والمكتشفين والجغرافيين الذين كتبوا عن السودان في الفترات التاريخية المختلفة فهم كثر فمنهم من زار السودان فعلا ومنهم من كتب سماعا من الأخبار ، ولعلهم لم يقصدوا الكتابة عن البيئة ولكنهم ذكروا عرضاً العديد من المشاهد التي يمكن أن نستقي منها شكل البيئة في تلك الأزمان (1).وقد كانت هناك دراسات حول أهمية أدب الرحالة في البحوث الآثارية(2)  وأهميتها في معرفة البيئة القديمة(3) ومعرفة منابع النيل حيث كان لنيل أهمية في كتاباتهم(4).
منهج فنسنك في دراسة العلاقات بين الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم ويهود المدينة
Authors: عمر خليفة محمد
Published: September 2022

يهدف هذا  البحث لدراسة منهج  الذي اتبعة أرنت  فنسنك - احد أعلام المستشرقين بصفة عامة وأحد  أركان مدرسة الاستشراق الهولندي بصفة خاصة - لتفسير أسباب جلاء اليهود من المدينة  التي وردت في كتابه "محمد ويهود المدينة". كما يهدف إلى التأكيد على أن أي مسعى لبيان الخلل في الدراسات الاستشراقية لابد أن يصطحب في معيته نقد مناهج تلك الدراسات. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن فنسنك إلى  اتبع نهجاً انتقائياً  في تعامله مع النصوص والمصادر وأن بعض الاستنتاجات التي توصل لها الكاتب لم تبن وتستند على تحليل علمي للنصوص والمصادر وإنما انطلقت  من بعض القوالب او الاطروحات  الجاهزة  والمعدة مسبقاً التي حاول الكاتب الاستدلال عليها بكل ما يخدم النتيجة المحددة سلفا. كما جاءت الاستنتاجات في  بعض الأحيان ترديداً او اتباعاً لما اشارت له بعض الدراسات الاستشراقية السابقة. كما نوهت الدراسة إلى الأثر الواضح لآراء الكاتب على  بعض الدراسات الاستشراقية اللاحقة.
الطب في العصر العباسي
Authors: بشير  حياة محمد عثمان
Published: September 2022

تناولت الدراسة موضوع الطب في العصر العباسي ، واشتملت على تمهيد، استعرضت الدراسة فيه المسيرة الطبية ، من العصر الجاهلي، والنبوي ، إلى العصر الأموي.

وستبين الدراسة التطور الطبي في العصر العباسي من خلال حركة الترجمة والتأليف . وإنشائهم للمشافي والمدارس الطبية التي أنشئت ، وتتبع أطوار معالجة المرضى و النظر في التخصصات التي انتهت إليها تجربة المسلمين الطبية . بما في ذلك صناعة الأدوية واهتمامهم بالطب المخبري لتشخيص الأمراض ، كما تضمنت نماذج من سير أشهر الأطباء في الإسلام ، خاصة أولئك الذين أسهموا في تطوير مهنة الطب.
موسيقا الشعر عند محمد الثبيتي وعبد الله الزيد
Authors: سعد سعد عبد القادر العاقب
Published: September 2022

هذه دراسة موجزة للنظر في السمات العروضية الموسيقية في شعر عبد الله الزيد، ومحمد الثبيتي تناولت فيها أهم الظواهر  العروضية  التي اتسم بها ديوان الشاعرين ، وقد تعددت هذا الظواهر بسبب غزارة إنتاج الشاعرين  من الشعر بنوعيه )شعر البيت والتفعيلة(، وأبرز الشاعران  معرفة عميقة بفنون العروض وبحور الشعر والتفعيلات وما يصيبها من زحاف وعلة، ثم استخدم هذه المعرفة العروضية في تزيين ديوانهما  بالظواهر الموسيقية التي تتسم بها البحور والتفعيلات، فجاءت كثير من قصائدهما ترانيمَ متعددة النبرات متنوعة الإيقاع، خاصة عند استخدام تفعيلتين مرتبطتين عروضيا، واقعتين في دائرة واحدة، هذا الأمر أكسب إيقاعات الشاعرين في بعض الأحيان لونا موسيقيا غير مألوف، كما إن التنويع الموسيقي داخل النص الواحد أكسب القصيدة سعة موسيقية أثرت في شكلها، حتى صارت بعض القصائد أقرب إلى الفن المسرحي. يدخل هذا الأمر في تطور الشاعرين  وتأثرهما الأنماط الموسيقية التي تعد تطورا في موسيقا القصيدة العربية، فهما بجانب معرفتهما بالبحور ونظمه فيها، يطرقان أيضا ما جدَّ من أثر ثقافي عصري، تجنبا للجمود والتقليد العروض ي المطلق 

 في الدراسة إشارة لأكثر البحور والتفعيلات وقوعا في في دواوين الشاعرين ، وتحليل هذا الأمر من باب الذوق الذي يميز الشاعر وكذلك من باب التوافق  بين الغرض والوزن وهو توافق نسبي يختلف بين ناقد وآخر.

* شاعران سعوديان من رواد شعر التفعيلة في المملكة العربية السعودية، ولد  محمد الثبيتي )2891 وتوفي في  يناير 1022( تاركا عددا من الد واوين،  وولد عبد الله الزيد عام 2891م، ونال الإجازة الجامعية من كلية اللغة العربية بجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود، ولا يزال نشطا في الثقافة والأدب
نونية المثقب العبدي قراءة في المعاني والموضوعات
Authors: أحمد عبدالله محمد , حسب الكريم معني النور الأمين  
Published: September 2022

يشتمل هذا البحث على دراسة تحليلية لقصيدة المث قِّب العبدي النونيَّة المفضلية قام فيها الباحثان باستقراء ما كتبه علماء التاريخ والجغرافيا وعلماء الأنساب وسمات البيئة مُستعينين بها في تحليل الن  فتناول وصف المرأة والهودج والرحلة والراحلة وخطاب المث قِّب لعمر و بن هند في مدحه وعتابه له.

اشتهرت هذه القصيدة أكثر من غيرها من شعر المفضليات لما اشتملت عليه من رقَّة الألفاظ ولطيف المعاني، وكان أبو عمرو بن العلاء يستجيد هذا القصيدة، ويقول:" لو كان الشعر مثلَها لوجب على الناس ان يتعلَّموه" )ابن قتيبة ،1011ه ،1/ 181(. ويقول طه حسين عن شعر المث قِّب:" ... ولكني أراه جميلاً شديد التأثير في النفوس يثير كثيراً من الخواطر الشاحبة الحزينة، التي لا تللو من أن تُثير لذَّات شاحبة حزينة مثلها، وما رأيك في صوتٍ تحملُه القرون الطوال حتى تنتهي به إليك ")حسين ،1211، 1/ 160(.
أسلوب الإبدال في القرآن الكريم
Authors: قاسمي محمد
Published: September 2022

تهدف الدراسة إلى إيضاح مصطلح قرآني يسمى )الإبدال(، وهو عبارة عن أسلوب قرآني، وصورته: إبدال حرف أو اسم أو فعل بين آيتين متفقتين في الصياغة، كالإبدال بين حرفي )الفاء ـ ثم( في ق وله تعالى) )ومن أظلم ممن ذكر بآيات ربه فأعرض عنها(( وفي مكان آخر )ثم أعرض عنها(، ويرى الباحث أن هذا الأسلوب لم ينل حقه من الدراسة والوضوح والتصنيف، هذا الأسلوب يعتبر ظاهرة عامة في القرآن، وقد ذكره العلماء في ثنايا كتبهم، عند تعرضهم لإبراز وجوه الإعجاز في القرآن الكريم، لكن لا تجد في القديم ولا في الحديث من درس هذا الأسلوب القرآني دراسة مستقلة، بل ربما يستغرب هذا المصطلح كثير من الباحثين والدارسين، فمصلطح الإبدال في عرف الدراسات اللغوية موضوع نحوي يتعلق بالتراكيب النحوية عند الحديث عن البدل بأنواعه المختلفة، ويتعلق بالمسائل الصرفية المرتبطة بتغيرات حروف الكلمة، إبدالا أو إعلالا، أما الإبدال الذي هو أسلوب من أساليب القرآن فيختلف تماما عن سابقيه،  لذلك يتسم هذا الموضوع بالجدة، لا في اختراع المصطلح، بل في جمع متفرقاته، وتصنيف مسائله، وعرضه كموضوع مستقل، وفي هذه الدراسة المختصرة لهذا الموضوع سنحاول وضع تصور عام لهذا الأسلوب القرآني،  وسنسوق الأدلة التي تؤكد على وجوده وأحقيته في الوجود، وذلك من خلال تتبعه في مصنفات بعض العلماء المشتغلين بعلوم القرآن، ثم وضع تعريف عام لمصطلح )الإبدال(  من خلال فهمهم،  ثم الاستشهاد على ذلك ببعض النماذج التطبيقية من القرآن الكريم التي تؤكد أن أسلوب الإبدال ظاهرة قرآنية، له وجوه مختلفة، وصور متنوعة،  جديرة بأن تدرس وتجمع وتصنف تحت عنوان واحد مستقل، وهو: أسلوب الإبدال في القرآن الكريم، وهذه الخطوة ما هي إلا مساهمة متواضعة في وضع لبنة في قواعد هذه الموضوعات الأسلوبية القرآنية، التي نعتقد بأنها لا تزال تحتاج إلى دراسة  وبحث وتصنيف.
An Analysis of the Spelling Errors In the Written English of Saudi University Students
Authors: El-Hibir Babiker Idris , Al-Muhaidib Nouriya
Published: September 2022

This study investigates the spelling errors that characterize the writing of Saudi university students. The errors are analyzed with a view to finding their causes. The analysis shows that the errors fall into three categories- substitution (letter and word substitution), addition and omission. The authors conclude that the letter substitution error is a characteristic feature of the spelling of the subjects,. The authors also conclude that the subjects' Arabic dialect is responsible for causing such type of substitution. The other types, which occurred less frequently, are attributed to interference from both Arabic and English. The authors finally recommend a kind of instruction focusing on the learners' attested errors considering priorities.
السودان من خلال مداولات مجلس الوكلاء العثماني
Authors: الكباشي أنعم محمد عثمان
Published: September 2022

تتناول هذه الدراسة جزء من مداولات مجلس الوكلاء )مجلس الوزراء( العثماني الخاصة بالسودان خلال القرن التاسع عشر الميلادي، وعلى وجه التحديد في الفترة الممتدة من عام 2031 هـ/2881-2881م إلى عام 2031 هـ/2881م. وسوف نلاحظ من خلال مداولات مجلس الوزراء العثماني فيما يتعلق بالسودان أنه كان يناقش الأمور الداخلية للبلاد سواء كانت سياسية أو عسكرية أو غيرها. وفي الوقت نفسه كان يتطرق للمسائل الخارجية، وذلك باعتبار أن السودان خلال تلك الحقبة كان تابعا للدولة العثمانية، وبالتالي لابد لهذه الدولة أن تقف على كل ما يدور في السودان، إذ أن ذلك يعتبر شأنا داخليا بالنسبة لها .
جمعية ود مدني الأدبية ودورها السياسي و الثقافي و الاجتماعي
Authors: حميدة عمر عبد الله
Published: September 2022

Wad Medani society was one of Sudanese literary societies which was established after the failure of the 1924 Sudanese revolution against the Condominium rule ‘the Anglo- Egyptian‘ since its rise in all the fields ,political ,cultural and social the revolution extended to involve the whole Sudan. Politically and through the lecture presented by one of its members there had been the take off of establishing the idea of the Graduate Congress.the society contributed in all the cultural aspects through adopting and supporting the idea of the literary festival, as well as both the ideas of the education day and the village day. This study, however, aims to explain the reasons behind the rise of the society and cast shadow on some of the activities in the political and socio- cultural ideas which the society had adopted and including the Graduate Congress.
المعتقدات السودانية في الشعر السوداني
Authors: إبراهيم حمد النيل محمد الحسن
Published: September 2022

In any community, beliefs are formed according to ideological, historical, political, intellectual, social and environmental changes. Hence, the research aims at unmasking the role of these changes in forming beliefs in the Sudan and, thereof, showing the way they are reflected in Sudanese poetry. Accordingly, the problem of the research consists inherently in the following question: to what extent could the Sudanese poets highlight Suda- nese beliefs in their own poetry? In this context, a group of Sudanese poets have highlighted the images of those Sudanese beliefs which are distinguished from the beliefs of other countries. In this regard, the Sudanese poets are obviously strongly affected by the call of the late Sudanese critic, Hamza al-Malik Ṭambal (in early twentieth century), in which he called on the Sudanese poets to emancipate themselves from imitating the classic mode of old and contemporary Arab poetry. To Ṭambal, this style of the classic Arab verse has negatively impacted the Sudanese poem, the result of which is the lack of the distinctive character of the Sudanese poetry. Of the most important outcomes concluded by the researcher is that the Sudanese poets, in their portrayal of the Sudanese beliefs in their poetries, have been flagrantly been affected by the call of the Sudanese critic, Ṭambal. Therefore, the Sufi idiosyncrasy has predominantly prevailed over these images as a result of the overriding Sufi current over the Sudanese community. Likewise, before penetration of Islam into the Sudan, the indigenous Sudanese beliefs had had a clear role in forming those images, notwithstanding the incompatibility of the images to the Islamic faith. Moreover, the Sudanese social variation had its own obvious role in forming the images of those beliefs, particularly predilection for rapture and music rhythm. Also, of the ensuing outcomes, those icons came to be as closely resembling folkloric pictures
البنية الإيقاعية وأثرها في إذكاء عاطفة الحزن لدى الشاعر و المتلقي مرثيات الهادي ادم نموذجا
Authors: أحمد علي عبد الله إبراهيم
Published: September 2022

This study concerns with the clarification of the concept of rhythm stated by old and modern critics. It also concerns with the explanation of the relationship developed between the rhythm latenting in a poem and its general meaning. It, moreover, shows to what extent the rhythm can affect the psychological state of the poet at the time of composing an elegy.To achieve such goals, the study takes al- Hadi Adam's elegies as a model. It presents a brief speech about every single elegy in which information about the occasion on which it was composed, it's prosodic measure, the nature of both external and internal rhythm occurring in it is given, along with the impact of the two mentioned rhythms on the painful state of sadness reflected by such an elegy
الأثر النفسي و الوجداني في منهج عبدالقاهر الجرجاني النقدي و البلاغي
Authors: الريح صديق مصطفى
Published: September 2022

This study aims to reveal the reliance of Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani on the significance of the psychological and affective effect and the consideration assigned thereto in his critical and rhetorical method. The study consists of two themes – the first addresses the psychological effect in terms of its relationship to the critic, the care that the critic employs in tracing such effect in the texts considered and the extent to which the critic is affected by said texts and so, whereupon, electing the means by which to convey such effect. The second theme addresses the artistic effect on the recipient, the conditions required for the well reception of said effect and the methods to be employed by the critic to occasion such an effect. Adopting the descriptive and analytical method, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are:- The pillar of the recognition of rhetoric for Al-Jurjani is the faculty of sensitivity and psychical sense.- Al-Jurjani is the most prominent of the early critics to point out the connection between literature and the psyche.- Adroitness of analysis is a hallmark of Al-Jurjani's method.- In his presentation, al-Jurjani adopted a distinct literary style characterized by accuracy and clarity of notion when addressing texts.- Al-Jurjani's study of beauty and its effect is objective, i.e., by looking into its underlying reasons and causes.- Al-Jurjani is masterful at seeking out the abodes of beauty to affect the recipient.- Al-Jurjani is characterized by an aesthetically beautiful style to realize the two objectives of illustration and effect.- Al-Jurjani devotes attention to the recipient in terms of attempting to psychologically affect said recipient and induce in him a feeling of partaking in the author's and critic's appreciative enjoyment of the texts.- Al-Jurjani employs a number of means to engender the psychological effect on the recipient, such as: cultivating sensitivity and inviting to reflect, promoting the acquisition of knowledge, calling for an observance of practice following the attainment ofaptitude, and the practice of being conscious of the recipient's presence by various means in order to effectuate the psychological effect.
Development and Implementation of Violence against Women and their Children Report System Mobile Application
Authors: Balahadia Francis , Astoveza Zerah Jane , Jamolin Gelzen , Astoveza Nino Emmanuel Aldi
Published: September 2022

Mobile application is a powerful tool that reduces the communication gap between individuals or organizations, which can also integrate many features like e-reporting. This study aims to develop and implement a web and mobile application for reporting Violence Against Women and their Children (VAWC) in the Province of Laguna intended for women who experienced violence from their partners. The mobile application has an e-reporting mechanism to contact pre-selected people in times of emergency and VAWC-related information translated in a local language. Moreover, the system has five major features such as emergency module, tracking module, reporting module, awareness/information dissemination module, assessment module, job and shelter module that are connected to web application. The agile methodology was used in the software development that integrates different Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT) tools and follows stages in the model like planning, requirements, analysis and design, testing, evaluation, and deployment. All the system features are working and passed the series of test casing like functionality test, performance test, system test, portability, and sharing test. The developed system achieved its primary purpose to help the community especially the women and children through a web and mobile application.
Analisis Penerapan Imbalan Kerja Jangka Panjang Berdasarkan PSAK 24 Revisi 2013 Pada PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (PERSERO) Cabang Manado
Authors: Pangkei Friska , Tanor Linda. A. O
Published: September 2022

Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan imbalan kerja jangka panjang berdasarkan PSAK 24 pada PT. Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Cabang Manado. Dalam penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang sudah di dapatkan kemudian di analisis menggunakan model analisis menurut Miles dan Huberman sebagaimana dikutip di dalam Sugiyono  (2016), analisis data yakni reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menerapkan imbalan kerja jangka panjang sebagaimana ketidakhadiran jangka panjang, imbal cacat permanen, serta remunerasi tangguhan yang sudah sesuai. Akan tetapi pada penerapan penghargaan masa kerja beserta bagi laba dan bonus belum diterapkan oleh pihak bank. Berdasarkan pengakuan dan pengukuran, penyajian, serta pengungkapan sesuai PSAK 24 revisi 2013 dan dalam penyajian menggunakan PSAK 1 yaitu penyajian laporan keuangan.
Pengaruh Arus Kas Dan Laba Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Subsektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2015-2019
Authors: Veronika Esti , Kawulur Arie
Published: September 2022

This study aims to see how much influence cash flow and profit have on stock prices in food and beverage subsector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2019. This research uses quantitative methods. The data collection technique in this study was purposive sampling and used secondary data which included cash flow, profit and stock prices.            The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis, data processing using Eviews version 9. The results of this study indicate that cash flow has no effect on stock prices because tcount  0.05 so that Ho1 is accepted and Ha1 is rejected and profit has a significant negative effect on stock prices because tcount <ttable and probability value <0.05 so that Ho2 is rejected and Ha2 is accepted.
Evaluasi Penerapan Akuntansi Syariah Berdasarkan PSAK No. 101 Dan No. 105 Pada Bank Syariah Indonesia Cabang Manado
Authors: Sa'ban Susanti , Kawulur Arie
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the implementation of Islamic accounting based on PSAK no.101 and No.105 at Syariah Bank, Indonesia, Manado branch. The research method of this study is qualitative. The result indicated the implementation of Islamic accounting based on PSAK No. 101 and No. 105 at Syariah Bank, particularly in the financial statements, show the position of financial, income statement and other comprehensive income by the bank had been adjusted to the financial accounting standards in PSAK No. 101 and 105. This is evidenced based on the financial statement data that has been presented by the company and interview sources from several sources regarding Mudharabah Accounting.
Analisis Perencanaan Keuangan APBD Pada Badan Keuangan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe Tahun Anggaran 2018
Authors: Manumpil Andrias , Sumual Frida Magda
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses keuangan APBD, dan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menghambat perencanaan keuangan, Untuk mengetahui upaya-upaya dalam melakukan penanganan perencanaan pada Badan Keuangan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, informasi dihimpun secara langsung melalui wawancara pada kepala dan pegawai badan keuangan kabupaten kepulauan sangihe, Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis domain, taksonomi, komponensial dan tema kultural, Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perencanaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) dan pemerintah daerah, pemerintah pusat dalam hal ini Kementerian Dalam Negeri mengeluarkan peraturan Kementerian Dalam Negeri setiap tahun. nomor 13 tahun 2006 Tentang pedoman penyusunan apbd agar menjadi pedoman pemerintah daerah.
Understanding cell to cell communication in tumor microenvironment
Authors: Gupta Akshita , Sati Pallavi , Acharya Kirtish , Shingadia Hitesh , Joseph Anto Simon M. , Jaganathan Ravindran , Mukherjee Supriyo
Published: September 2022

The tumor microenvironment is an atmosphere that covers a tumor withinside the body. It consists of the extracellular matrix, immune cells, blood vessels, and different cells, like fibroblasts. Cell-to-cell communication is a vital procedure that continues the organic features and hemostasis of cells in microenvironmental, organs, and intact systems. The cell-to-cell communication complexity has been studied for many years and is now well-known because a part of the molecular mechanisms of complexity, organ disorder, and developmental biology. A tissue microenvironment of a growing tumor is constituted of the tumor stroma, proliferating tumor cells, infiltrating inflammatory cells, blood vessels, and quite a few related tissue cells. The tumor microenvironment offers all the vitamins, it desires to the tumor and also makes an area for the tumor to expand. Researchers are running to recognize its position in most cancer risk, improvement, and treatment.  While therapeutically focused on the tumor microenvironment is an appealing method for the remedy of most cancers, current FDA-permitted remedies have restrained efficacy. Immune checkpoint blockade remedy changed into the primary era of antibody-primarily based cures to target immune cells withinside the microenvironment of tumor (PD1 and CTLA4).
Awareness of nanotechnology among students of scientific departments at the University of diyala and its relationship to their technical enlightenment
Authors: Ahmed Bushra Khairallah , Karim Majed Abdel Sattar Abdel
Published: September 2022

Aim to search Present Identify on me "Awareness with technology nano I have students' sections Scientific in University Diyala and his relationship enlighten them technical "and knowing the differences between responses a sample search according to for college. adopted researcher curriculum descriptive Analytical, the study associative, and to achieve Goals search Lost It was completed Preparation Scale Awareness with technology nano and scale  technical, and be the society From students(College Education the basic and college Education for science pure and college Sciences to swear Sciences and science life), for the year school(2021-2022)and the adult their number(275)Student female student, so did researcher apply a tool the study on them distance making sure From honesty and constancy, Done Use packet stats(SPSS), to analyze the data and extract the results, and the search results showed the following: -1. that students Division Sciences in Education the basic and students Division Sciences life in College Education for science pure no they own Awareness with technology nano on me the opposite from students Division Sciences life in College Sciences They have consciousness Appropriate with technology nano. 2.
Neuroprotective effect of derris indica seed extract attenuates amyloid beta plaques induce Alzheimer’s in mice model
Authors: Kuruvella Sravanthi , Yellu Narsimha Reddy
Published: September 2022

The progression of Alzheimer's disease type dementia is carried on by the neurotoxic effects of amyloid beta (Aβ25-35) peptide accumulation. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis malfunctions and leads to higher levels of amyloid beta(Aβ) accumulation. In this work, we looked at how Derris indica extract affected mice brains that had undergone neurodegeneration caused by the Aβ. Derris indica seed extract(DISE) were administered to mice over the course of 21 days in two dosages (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg). On the 21st day, tests for spatial learning, habituation memory, short-and long-term memory, and stepdown inhibitory responses were carried out. Pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidants were assessed in brain tissues. A significant (p<0.01) improvement in habituation memory and the step-down inhibitory avoidance test was seen after receiving the DISE therapy, reduced escape delay considerably (p<0.01) enhanced cognitive progress in spatial learning. DISE may have an impact on neuroprotection as seen by the significant (p<0.01) decrease in proinflammatory and enhancement in IL-10 along with improved antioxidant indicators. According to investigations, the DISE enhance cognition by controlling neuro-inflammation and neuroimmune function, which are both controlled by the HPA axis, which mitigates stress. DISE might be promising therapeutics for neurodegeneration disorders such as AD.
Pulmonary function tests in people with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Kunti Ramakrishna , Togiti Rajeev Kumar , Kiran D. , Sravanthi Thodeti Chaitanya
Published: September 2022

Background:  Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardio- metabolic risk factors characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and chronic systemic inflammation. Objectives: i)To assess pulmonary function in people with metabolic syndrome ii)To assess whether  each  component  of  metabolic  syndrome  affects pulmonary function indices. Methodology: After a detailed history and physical examination, subjects underwent investigations like fasting lipid profile, fasting blood sugars, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, pulmonary function tests, 2D echocardiography. Results:In both groups majority had normal pulmonary function tests.In metabolic syndrome group, most common abnormal PFT reported was mild restriction.The pattern of pulmonary function tests is mild restriction in metabolic syndrome subjects.In the overall study group, hypertension, fasting glucose, body mass index, waist circumference have significant negative correlation with both FEv1 and FVC and triglycerides have significant negative correlation with FVC whereas total cholesterol has significant negative correlation with FEV1.Only HDL-c has strong positive correlation with FVC .Conclusion: The findings in this study highlight the notion that FVC and FEV1 are inversely associated with the accumulation of metabolic syndrome components and also independently associated with each component of metabolic syndrome.
SIDI AHMED'S EPIC "TASHUKNAMA" WRITTEN IN TURKIC LANGUAGE
Authors: G. Koshtayeva , Y. Chelik
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

 

 

            Works titled with the phrase “nama” is very popular in the literature of the medieval Turkic peoples. Garibnama, Nasikhatnama, Babyrnama, Mahabbatnama, Latafatnama, Tashuknama, Dahnama, etc. can be examples for the phenomenon. Although there are similarities between these works, the study examines some of the peculiarities and exceptions in the titles of these works.

            As a main research object, Sidi Ahmed's "Tashuknama", a valuable masterpiece of the nomadic nature and an integral part of world literature, was selected.

            The work was first introduced to the scientific community by the English scientist Charles Rieu. Scholars such as V. Bartold, A.N. Samoilovich, Aibek and P. Shamsiev, J. Ekman, S. Özkocher, T. Ganjevi, A.M. Shcherbak, E. Birnbaum, H. Mukhtorova, M. Zhamolova, K. Koktekin, A.G. Sertkaya and N. Rahmon studied it further too.

            In the main content of the article, the author analyzes the views and opinions of scholars, who has studied the epic "Tashuknama". Providing scientific evidence, the paper determines that "Tashuknama" is a work written in the Turkic language. The author tries to prove that in addition to the works that combined the word “nama” in the title, there were also works written in the genre of “nama” in the Middle Ages. Moreover, the article discusses the religious and mystical background of the ten letters of love, which are theoretically relevant today.
INTERPRETATION OF MAN AND THE WORLD IN THE CREATIVITY OF ALIKHAN ZHAKSYLYK
Authors: A.M. Akhmetova , G.M. Akhmetova
Published: September 2022

The article presents an overview of the main themes and literary processes taking place in contemporary Kazakh literature, for the first time in the literary aspect, the works of one of the Kazakh authors Alikhan Zhaksylyk are considered. The poetic specifics of the writer’s stories “Loneliness in hell”, “Heartache”, “Wingless dream” and “Six continents” are analyzed. On the basis of various methods, the problem of ideological continuity in the named stories and works of other authors, the process of revival of cultural, literary and artistic processes and the specifics of perception, vision, perception of the world by the writer are revealed. The influence of the novels of Dante Alighieri, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Yukio Mishima, Franz Kafka, Kozuo Ishiguro and Tolen Abdikuly in world literature on the compositional parts of the author’s stories, the creation of a system of characters, some artistic, philosophical reflections are reflected in a comparative aspect. Well-known motifs, characters and storylines left by the representatives of this literature in the history of fiction in the works of the author were analyzed. The main themes in the works of A. Zhaksylyk, which excite him as an author, and the influence of science and technology on strengthening the poetics of his works are determined. The phenomenon of science and technology, which is rapidly developing at the present time, the author’s judgments and assumptions regarding its activities in society, were discussed on the basis of the stories received in the study. In addition, the activities of mystical and science fiction elements in the writer’s stories “Heartache” and “Loneliness in hell” were analyzed. Throughout the work, the operational activity of the literary devices reflected in such a merger is explained. The levels of the source text referred to by the author, the system of characters and the category of pronouns are considered, which served as the basis for organizing the compositional units of the works. Very similar main characters and actions of the characters in the stories of the writers T. Abdikuly “The right hand” and A. Zhaksylyk “Heartache”, as well as other compositional parts, were compared in the form of tables. Artistic techniques characteristic of the author’s individual work and shortcomings associated with the organization of the work were noted.The main sources were revealed – samples of world literature and the works of the writer, studied by the writer in the process of developing his personal creativity. On the basis of such differentiation, forecasts were made of the main themes and literary processes taking place in contemporary Kazakh literature, poetic searches, directions of development of literature in general, its connections with world literature and phenomena that are of interest to authors. The article focuses on the creative connection between A.Zhaksylyk and representatives of the above-mentioned world literature.
The role of stage language in the development of an actor
Authors: O. Khamzabekuly , S.M. Akhmanov , E.T. Rakhymzhanov
Published: September 2022

The main goal of the actor is to preserve the artistic value of the production on stage and play the role assigned to him. He must convey this task through a stage image, using his acting techniques, the richness of language. While preserving the language culture, it is advisable to use the techniques of stage language in the implementation of the task of preserving the language of students. The attitude of people in society to culture and education is becoming more and more complex. In modern society, a new era is coming, characterized by character. The breath of the new time destroys the price of the main values. We are increasingly moving away from our language, traditions, culture, imitating other countries. When to comprehend the wonders of the Kazakh language through art and increase its price... Any profession, especially related to art, requires talent, curiosity, and an abundance of creative opportunities. In this regard, the main goal facing the hordes of art of the XXI century is to attract efforts for the development of cognitive activity and creative abilities through in-depth training in new requirements.The methods of teaching stage language are directly related to literature. In classical works that have reached the world level, the dignity of the word is clearly traced. In the course of the article, it was proposed to take as a basis all the data related to the stage language, and the functions that actors perform on the way to the correct formation of speech technique were determined. Melody, voice exercises, tone of voice, tempo, pause, prose works, poetry, monologues, etc. the techniques of stage language revealed the play of the hero on stage, investigated the connection of the word with its function of correct transmission of a specific text. It was noted that the specifics of the actors’ voices change through communication with the characters on stage. The article attaches great importance to the fact that an actor must be competent in mastering the stage language and apply theoretical knowledge together with practice. The techniques of mastering the technique of speech of characters playing in performances of all genres are described. The main weapon of an actor on stage is language, communication with the audience is carried out only through language, an actor needs to be able to create images using the purity of language, show all its features, transform and convey individually. It was investigated that all the techniques used by the actor have a special place.Observing the purity of the Kazakh language in all spheres, we improve the language culture and preserve national qualities. The Kazakh language has never lost its value. Our literature and culture can be called proof of this. The colorfulness of our language is not comparable to the language of any deep country. Therefore, if people of art observe the laws and rules of the Kazakh language and correctly convey them to the viewer, then the future generation will be especially respectful of their native language.
What are the Red Flags for Neural Network Suffering?
Authors:   University of Tuebingen, Hobbhahn Marius , Kirchner Jan ,   Max Planck Institute for Brain Research
Published: September 2022

Which kind of evidence would we need to see to believe that artificial neural networks can suffer? We review neuroscience literature, investigate behavioral arguments and propose high-level considerations that could shift our beliefs. Of these three approaches, we believe that high-level considerations, i.e. understanding under which circumstances suffering arises as an optimal training strategy, is the most promising. Our main finding, however, is that the understanding of artificial suffering is very limited and should likely get more attention.
Research on the Production Efficiency of Construction Industry in China's Provinces along the Belt and Road
Authors: Yi Xiaofeng
Published: September 2022

The proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has had a profound impact on the development of the construction industry. Based on the panel data from 2014 to 2020 in 18 China's provinces along the Belt and Road, we combined the data envelopment analysis (DEA) with the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) model to analyze the static production efficiency of the construction industry in these provinces in 2020 and the changes in production efficiency from 2014 to 2020. The results show that the production efficiency of the construction industry in China’s provinces along the Belt and Road in 2020 is relatively high, and nearly half of the provinces are effective for DEA. The production efficiency of the construction industry in the provinces along the Belt and Road declined from 2014 to 2020. During the period, the technical level of most provinces improved, while the technical efficiency declined. Finally, some suggestions were put forward based on the results.
Three new species of the pseudoscorpion genus Synsphyronus (Pseudoscorpiones: Garypidae) from semi-arid Western Australia
Authors:   Western Australian Museum, Harvey Mark S. ,   University of Western Australia
Published: September 2022

The pseudoscorpion genus Synsphyronus is widely distributed in the Australasian region, with 37 species described from Australia, two from New Zealand and one from New Caledonia. This paper describes three new species from semi-arid regions of Western Australia, Synsphyronus alisonae, sp. nov., Synsphyronus spatiosus, sp. nov. and Synsphyronus tenuis, sp. nov., which all inhabit saxicolous habitats.
La tarda età moderna. Il mestiere del notaio: molteplici professionalità tra percorsi differenziati, elementi comuni e… discredito verso un’arte utile e necessaria
Authors: Salvi Stefania T.
Published: September 2022

The contribution intends to illustrate some typical characteristics of the modern age notary, with particular reference to the Lombardy area, where the notary, in this period by no means marginal in terms of consolidating his functions, proves to be an extremely versatile professional. On the one hand, we want to highlight a series of different paths that the notary could take, specializing, as it were, in a wide range of professions, all having as a common denominator the role of editor of documents with publica fides, to then identify some common elements that can be seen between the different professional experiences. Finally, a not negligible aspect of the history of notaries in the modern age concerns the discredit surrounding those who practiced notaries, included, at the time, in the concept of “vile art” according to an ideology consistent with the hierarchical vision of the legal professions, which it markedly asserted itself after the aristocratic turning point that affected the colleges of jurists in the sixteenth century.
L’età contemporanea. Il Notaio, custode della parola
Authors: Balti Alessandro
Published: September 2022

Public Notaries are called upon to carry out several functions within the current Italian legal system. The regulatory body that disciplines the profession attributes three main activities to Public Notaries: certification, adaptation of the contents of Notary acts according to the desires of the parties and control of their compliance to Law. These activities are attributed by public power to the Notaries for the execution of several objectives. The role of the Notary guarantees the Government and citizens, in the era of norm-related complexity, consistent application of the law. The functions of a Notary are currently very similar to those that Ministries used to carry out in past decades, but their implementation moves more towards the original demands of a contemporary society. Therefore Notaries carry out their activities, more and more, with the help of information technology which, if wisely used, turns out to be a vital instrument for execution of this profession.
L’età medievale. Il notarius mediatore fra comunità e autorità
Authors: Bassani Alessandra
Published: September 2022

The essay aims to describe the characteristics of the documents drawn up by notaries in the early middle ages and the role they played to enlight the way they mediated between their communities and new born autorities of the communes during XIth and XIIth centuries. In fact, in italian towns their role as officials who ensured the authenticity of the documents made them leaders in social, economic and political life: Rolandino Passeggeri is a shining example.
Radiosensitivity of Populus deltoides middle aged clones (12 months) to gamma rays and its synergistic effects with stik
Authors: Chauhan P. , Singh S.
Published: September 2022

The middle-aged stem cuttings of Populus deltoides (chromosomes No. 38) were irradiated with different continuous and fractionated doses of gamma rays (500r, 01, 02, 04 krd.) during the month of September to observe sensitivity of sprouting and shoot growth behavior. Some irradiated cuttings were also treated with Stik 500ppm to observe its antagonistic and protagonistic effects on regeneration of cuttings. Maximum sprouting percentage was recorded under the 1KR-C (83.3%) followed by 4KR-F (54.5%) while control sprouted only (43.7%). Continuous doses proved to be most promising for mutation breeding, having abnormal size of leaf, increased number of leaves and enhanced length of the lateral branch. Maximum length of lateral branch was recorded under the treatment of 500 R-F (4.5 cm ± .15). Stik 500ppm, showing protagonistic effects at all the lower continuous and fractionated does while higher C&F doses indicating antagonistic effects on different parameters i.e. sprouting percentage, length of the lateral branch, number of leaves per cutting and size of the leaves. The mortality percentage of sprouted buds was recorded and it was maximum 85.8% in 4 KRC treatment.
Analisis Struktur Teks Pesan Dakwah dalam Novel Mencari Sebuah Titik Karya Torianu Wisnu
Authors: Soraya Serin Himatus , Maghfiroh Hanif
Published: September 2022

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pesan dakwah yang terkandung dalam novel berjudul Mencari Sebuah Titik karya Torianu Wisnu.Novel dapat dikatakan sebagai media dakwah yang usianya terbilang panjang karena bersifat dokumentasi, berbeda dengan dakwah yang dilakukan secara lisan. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk dilakukan pengkajian terhadap pesan dakwahnya untuk memudahkan pembaca dalam memahami isi yang hendak disampaikan penulis. Dengan menggunakan analisis wacana model Teun A. Van Dijk, penelitian ini akan menganalisis struktur teks berupa tematik, skematik, semantik, sintaksis, stilistik, dan retoris  untuk menemukan pesan dakwah di dalamnya. Hasil yang ditemukan yaitu terdapat tiga jenis pesan dakwah berupa pesan akidah yaitu tentang takdir, jodoh, serta kepercayaan terhadap ujian dan cobaan. Sedangkan pesan  syariah yang ditemukan berupa imbauan untuk senantiasa menjaga kesucian atau sering-sering berwudhu dan ajakan untuk menjadikan Al Qur’an sebagai pedoman hidup yang berkaitan dengan ibadah maupun muamalah. Adapun pesan akhlak di antaranya  tentang urgensi meminta maaf, serta menjelaskan tentang tawakal kepada Allah.

Abstract

This study wants to explore the da’wah messages in a novel Mencari Sebuah Titik by Torianu Wisnu. Novel can be said as a medium of da’wah that lasts a long time because it is documentary, different from da’wah does by spoken. Therefore, it’s important to review the da’wah messages on that novel in order to make easier for readers to understand the contents. Using the discourse analysis of Teun A. Van Dijk, this study will analyzing the text structure such as thematic, schematic, semantic, syntactic, stylistic, and rhetoric to find the da’wah messages. The results were found that there are three of da’wah messages types are akidah messages about destiny, mates, test and temptation. While the syari’ah messages are appeal to always keep the purity or wudhu frequently and asking to make Al Qur’an be the life guidelines in the worship or social problem. As for the akhlak messages such as the urgency of apologizing and surrender to Allah.
Strategi Promosi dalam Meningkatkan Kepuasan Jamaah di PT. Shofi Tour and Travel Lumajang
Authors: Fathulloh Ziaulhaq , Hadi HM Syamsul , Hotimah Khusnul
Published: September 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara berpenduduk mayoritas muslim, sehingga banyak antusiasme masyarakat untuk melaksanakan ibadah haji dan umroh. Bentuk peluang inilah yang dimanfaatkan oleh perusahan-perusahan, diantaranya adalah perusahaan tour and travel. Kajian ini difokuskan kepada Strategi Promosi yang dilakukan oleh PT. shofi tour and travel Lumajang untuk meningkatkan kepuasan jamaahnya serta factor penghambat dan pendukungnya. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui strategi promosi yang dilakukan dan factor-faktor yang bisa menghambat dan mendukung atas startegi promosi tersebut.

Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui proses editing. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Data yang terkumpul melalui ketiga teknik tersebut dianalisis secara berulang-ulang. Keabsahan data menggunakan tiga teknik yaitu perpanjangan keikutsertaan, ketekunan pengamatan dan triangulasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah temuan bahwa Strategi promosi yang dilakukan oleh PT. shofi tour and travel Lumajang dilaksanakan dengan tiga tahap, yaitu : 1) Perumusan, pada tahap ini perusahaan menggandeng beberapa mitra dan alumni jama’ah untuk berdiskusi dan dimintai masukan-masukan dalam menentukan sebuah strategi promosi di wilayah akar rumput. 2). Pelaksanaan, pada tahap ini perusahaan melaksanakan rumusan-rumusan yang telah dibuat, yaitu : penyebaran brosur, alumni jama’ah di harapkan bisa melakukan word to mouth, penggunaan website, pemberian fee 1 jamaah bagi yang mendapatkan 20 jamaah dan membentuk Koordinator di setiap Kecamatan dan desa. 3). Evaluasi, tahap ini sangat penting untuk mengetahui dan mengukur keberhasilan dari strategi yang telah ditetapkan, beberapa evaluasi yang dilakukan oleh perushaan yaitu : pencapaian penjualan, pangsa pasar, tingkat profitabilitas perusahaan dan solvabilitas perusahaan. Adapun factor yang dapat mendukung berjalannya perusahaan ini adalah adanya pelayaan prima dari seluruh karyawan perusahaan, sedangkan factor penghambatnya adalah persaingan harga antar perusahaan trevel.