bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endothelial function changes in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and treatment with propafenone
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Tarzimanova A. I.
Published: September 2018

Aim. To evaluate the changes of endothelial function in arterial hypertension (AH) patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) in treatment with propafenone (Propanorm, PRO.MED.CS Praha a. s.) in comparison with bisoprolol.

Material and methods. To the study, 62 AH patients included with paroxysmal AH, age 45-63 y. o. (mean age 54,5±3,7 y. o.). Patients were randomized to 2 groups: 32 of group 1 (main) for rhythm-control were taking propafenone (Propanorm, PRO.MED.CS Praha a. s.) 450 mg daily, and 30 of group 2 (comparison) were taking bisoprolol for rate control. The groups were comparable by gender, age, severity of AH and duration of arrhythmia. Changes in endothelium vascular motion function and biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction were assessed at inclusion and in 12 months of therapy.

Results. Sinus rhythm retention in propafenone group facilitated the improvement of vascular motion function of endothelium — endothelium dependent vasodilatation of brachial artery showed tendency to rise significantly from 5,4±0,3% to 6,9±0,1% (р=0,01). In patients taking bisoprolol for pulse reduction during 12 months, there was negative tendency from 4,8±0,2% to 3,6±0,1% (р=0,003), that points on worsening of endothelial function with persistent AF. Repeat measurement of biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction revealed that in 12 months there is raise of endothelin concentration in both groups. Value of the collagen-binding activeness of von Willebrand factor in 12 months significantly reduced from 131±12 to 118±6 U/dL (р<0,05) in those retaining sinus rhythm with propafenone, and increased from 135±11 U/dL to 147±12 U/dL in those with rate control by bisoprolol.

Conclusion. In AH patients with paroxysmal AF retention of sinus rhythm with propafenone facilitated the improvement of vascular motion function of endothelium and decrease of collagen binding activeness of von Willebrand factor.
Cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Ostroumova O. D. , Goloborodova I. V. , Fomina V. М.
Published: September 2018

Cardiovascular diseases remain leading cause of high mortality in diabetes patients. The article is focused on the influence of diabetes on cardiovascular risks. The prevalence presented, as the significance of the main and additional risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in the development of macrovascular complications in diabetes. In the context of influence on cardiovascular risks, modern glucose lowering drugs are considered, the safety and efficacy properties. Advantages of dapagliflozin underscored, the novel oral drug of new generation, with safe and prominent antidiabetic effect and ability to correct the main factors of cardiovascular risk (obesity, hypertension).
Engineering modular systems for high-rise buildings: an update
Authors: Pan Wei , Su Ray , Cai Yancheng , Young Ben
Published: September 2018

Off-site manufacture of ‘plug and play’ modules is fast gaining ground in the plant and housing sectors. Wei Pan, Ray Su, Yancheng Cai and Ben Young of The University of Hong Kong outline the engineering challenges of modular high-rises and suggest some solutions.
Leptospiroza bağlı akut böbrek yetmezliği ve soğuk aglütinin hastalığı
Authors: KAYA Bülent , Paydaş Saime , Balal Mustafa , Doğan Ömer , Yılmaz Serdar
Published: September 2018

Leptospirosis, enfeksiyonlu hayvanların idrar yoluyla bulaşan bir zoonozdur. Leptospiroz; solunum, renal, hepatik ve hematolojik komplikasyonlar ile ilişkili olabilir ve tedavi edilmediğinde yüksek mortalite riski taşır. Bu yazıda  leptospirozise bağlı akut böbrek yetmezliği, akut hepatit, hiperbilirubinemi ve soğuk aglutinin hastalığı gelişen nadir bir vaka sunulmuştur. .
Frontal kavernoma cerrahisi sonrası fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon sonuçları
Authors: Ünal Ayşe , Kara Güzin , Tıkaç Gülsüm , Altuğ Filiz
Published: September 2018

Çalışmamız frontal kavernom cerrahisi sonrasında fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programına alınan hastanın fonksiyonel sonuçlarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada sol frontal lobda kortikal yerleşimli kavernom sebebiyle cerrahi geçiren ve ardından fizyoterapi programına alınan 23 yaşındaki bir olgu sunulmuştur. Olgu cerrahi sonrasında beşincigünde ve üçüncü ayda değerlendirilmiştir. Bu süreçte el becerilerini arttırmaya yönelik olarak kavrama eğitimi, yürüme eğitimi, merdiven çıkma-inme ve denge egzersizlerini içeren fizyoterapi programı uygulanmış ve ev programı verilerek taburcu edilmiştir. Fizyoterapi programından sonra hasta önemli gelişme kaydetmiştir. Frontal kavernoma cerrahisi sonrası hastaya uygulanacak fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon programının hastanın fonksiyonel geri dönüşüne katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.
Neurobehavioral, language, and speech disturbances in caudate infarction and recurrent artery of Heubner occlusion
Authors: AMİN Osama Shukir Muhammed
Published: September 2018

Ischemic strokes in the territories of the anterior cerebral arteries are rare and account for 0.5 to 3.0% of all ischemic strokes1. The recurrent artery of Heubner and medial striate arteries arise near the origin of the anterior communicating artery and supply the anteromedial portion of the caudate nucleus as well as the anterior limb of the internal capsule. The caudate nucleus receives an overlapping blood supply from the lateral lenticulostriate arteries (middle cerebral artery), anterior lenticulostriate arteries (anterior cerebral artery), and recurrent artery of Heubner (anterior cerebral artery)2.
Mental iş yükü ve uyanık olma durumunda kullanılan nöroergonomik yöntemler
Authors: KOÇ Gizem Gül , KOKANGÜL Ali
Published: September 2018

Nöroergonomi, insan beyninin iş
performansı ve günlük yaşam sırasında karşılaşılan beyin fonksiyonu ve
davranışları hakkında değerli bilgiler elde edebilme adına geliştirilen bir bilim
dalıdır. Teori ve prensiplerini ergonomi, sinirbilim ve insan faktörlerinden
alır. Nöroergonomi çalışmaları sırasında beyin yapılarını, mekanizmalarını ve
işlevlerini anlamak için nörogörüntüleme teknikleri kullanılır. Nörogörüntüleme
teknikleri, iki genel kategoriye ayrılır; bunlar, elektroensefalografi gibi (EEG) gibi uyaranlara cevapta nöronal
aktivitenin direkt göstergeleri ve pozitron emisyon tomografisi - bilgisayarlı
tomografi (PET-BT), fonksiyonel manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (fMRG), fonksiyonel yakın kızılötesi spektroskopi
(fNIRS), fonksiyonel Transkranyal Doppler (fTCD) gibi nöronal
aktivitenin endirekt metabolik göstergeleridir. Bu derlemede mental iş yükü ve
uyanık olma durumunda kullanılan nöroergonomik yöntemler gözden geçirilmiştir.
Administración de Justicia en Nariño
Authors: Goyes Moreno Isabel
Published: September 2018

Este artículo sintetiza los resultados obtenidos en el proyecto de investigación “Administración de Justicia en Nariño III Fase”, el cual se ocupó de indagar en los fallos proferidos en procesos de tutela, justicia contenciosoadministrativa, laboral, familia y equidad en el período 2007-2010, la naturaleza de los asuntos controvertidos, los accionantes y accionados más frecuentes, los derechos invocados, las pretensiones que motivan la acción judicial y las tendencias jurídicas de los administradores de justicia, a través del Observatorio de Justicia Regional, con miras al mejoramiento permanente de los operadores jurídicos, los litigantes y los programas de Derecho de esta región del país.
El Acuerdo de Asociación Colombia y Perú-Unión Europea
Authors: Álvarez José Manuel , Guerra-Barón Angélica
Published: September 2018

La intensificación de las relaciones comerciales a través de la consolidación de acuerdos comerciales regionales ha sido una tendencia constante a partir de los noventas. Valiéndose de la reciente firma del Acuerdo de Asociación entre la UE y dos de los países miembros de la CAN (Colombia y Perú), se muestra que el esquema de negociación bloque a bloque devino en una negociación multi-partes. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar el manejo dado por los países miembros de la CAN al derecho comunitario andino a partir de la iniciativa de negociar el Acuerdo de Asociación con la UE. A través de una metodología descriptiva, se analizará cronológicamente la dinámica negociadora de los andinos y la flexibilidad adoptada por los europeos. El artículo se divide en tres secciones. En el primer aparte se presentan las razones para la integración a la luz de la UE y la CAN, así como el panorama actual de proliferación de acuerdos comerciales regionales a nivel mundial; para pasar a analizar en la segunda sección las particularidades del pilar comercial, como parte del trípode que conforma los AA negociados por la UE. En la tercera sección se presentarán las dinámicas de la negociación de ese pilar entre los bloques y el manejo que desde el punto de vista del derecho comunitario andino se le dio al tema. Finalmente, se plantearán las conclusiones y recomendaciones.
La Axiomatización de la Teoría Garantista
Authors: González Ibarra Juan de Dios , Díaz Salazar José Luis
Published: September 2018

Las dos ramas principales de la lógica son la lógica formal (o lógica menor) y la lógica material (o lógica mayor). La lógica material se ocupa del contenido semántico de la argumentación. La lógica formal se interesa por la forma o estructura de los razonamientos, es la lógica clásica propiamente dicha. El libro tercero de Luigi Ferrajoli Principia iuris. Teoría del derecho y la democracia. 3. La sintaxis del derecho, es un esfuerzo congruente de xiomatización de su teoría conforme a la lógica simbólica o matemática.
Los tres nuevos procesos constituyentes en América Latina
Authors: Ortiz Jiménez William
Published: September 2018

En este artículo se estudian los procesos constituyentes de Venezuela, Bolivia y Ecuador a partir de un ejercicio problematizador sobre los cambios políticos en los que se inscriben. La metodología utilizada para su desarrollo consistió en una revisión de textos, artículos, discursos y una posterior triangulación de información mediante una técnica cualitativa y comparativa. Lo anterior permitió contrastar cada una de las constituyentes en mención y extraer la base fundamental del discurso que la sustenta, así como los cambios que ocurren a nivel político. La revisión de textos, la comparación de los discursos, la diferenciación de enfoques, permitieron obtener un texto que posibilitara un mayor conocimiento sobre los procesos constituyentes en los tres países objeto de estudio: Venezuela, Bolivia y Ecuador y, a la vez, contrastar sus procesos políticos. Ese fue precisamente el núcleo del problema y permitió indagar acerca de por qué los movimientos políticos que los conducen propusieron elaborar nuevas constituciones antes de haberse consolidado en lo estructural como procesos de cambio o sin haber completado aún una faz de modificaciones de fondo.
Movimiento sindical, el período de la violencia y la formación de la nueva izquierda colombiana, 1959-1971
Authors: Urrego Ardila Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2018

En el presente trabajo se analizan las dinámicas de la nueva izquierda colombiana en la década de 1960, período en el cual se formaron la mayor parte de las organizaciones de izquierda, tanto legales como ilegales. El artículo hace una síntesis del proceso histórico de constitución de la izquierda colombiana, ligado a la formación de la clase obrera y a las organizaciones sindicales y al vínculo entre partidos y clase social.
Origen y Evolución de las Teorías sobre la Responsabilidad Estatal
Authors: Jiménez William Guillermo
Published: September 2018

La aparición de una responsabilidad propia o particular del Estado es un fenómeno reciente dentro de la evolución de la disciplina jurídica que aparece solo al final del siglo XIX. El objetivo del artículo es presentar y analizar el origen y evolución general de las diferentes teorías y enfoques jurídico-políticos que a partir de las tesis provenientes del Derecho civil, permitieron la consolidación de un tipo de responsabilidad especial y autónomo dentro del Derecho público, en especial, el Derecho administrativo. Es una investigación socio -jurídica, con un tipo de estudio explicativo e histórico a la vez que utiliza el método dialéctico para observar el cambio a través del tiempo; se utilizaron fuentes tanto primarias como secundarias, especialmente documentos escritos y se aplicaron técnicas de producción de información como la revisión documental y la observación directa. Se concluye que la responsabilidad administrativa aparece como resultado de los siguientes procesos: a) El ascenso de las tesis iusnat istas que condujeron a la noción del contrato social, b) El decaimiento de los fundamentos teológicos sobre el origen del poder político; b) La mayor intervención del Estado en la vida social, lo cual complejizó su organización y maneras de actuar, pero sobre todo, incrementó las probabilidades de producir daños y perjuicios a los particulares.
Indexación por Colciencias de la Revistas Diálogos de Saberes
Authors: Matias Camargo Sergio Roberto , Estupiñán Achury Liliana
Published: September 2018

El actual Gobierno de la Prosperidad para todos, continua profundizando las políticas librecambistas y privatizadoras, de esencia neoliberal, que han tenido un impacto negativo para el sector agropecuario. Ha acelerado de manera particular la apertura comercial, suscribiéndose por Colombia antes de terminar 2013, 14 acuerdos entre comerciales, de alcance parcial y complementación económica con alrededor de 45 países, la mayoría en este Gobierno Nacional. Entre los más recientes, se destacan por su impacto negativo para la producción nacional el Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) con Panamá y la Alianza del Pacífico (México, Colombia, Chile y Perú).
Educación, conflicto y posconflicto en Colombia.
Authors: Moreno Trujillo Eduard Esteban
Published: September 2018

En el año 2016, el gobierno colombiano firmó un acuerdo de paz con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (FARC-EP), que puso fin a más de 50 años de conflicto armado interno. En este proceso, la escuela y sus actores han cobrado una relevancia evidente. Sin embargo, los caminos y las funciones de los diversos protagonistas del posconflicto armado aún no están bien definidos al interior de la escuela. El objetivo de este texto es reflexionar en torno al papel que debería desempeñar la escuela y específicamente el docente, en la construcción de una sociedad en transición del conflicto al posconflicto. El ejercicio investigativo se centra en un análisis documental e histórico-crítico del proceso en cuestión.
El debido proceso
Authors: Gaitán Reyes Julián Andrés
Published: September 2018

Este artículo establece una perspectiva especial del debido proceso en el contexto de la jurisdicción especial para la paz como garantía de doble naturaleza, como derecho humano en el ámbito internacional y como derecho fundamental en el nacional. El objetivo es analizar y evaluar el alcance de la carga de la prueba en el proceso jurisdiccional en la justicia transicional colombiana, en razón del carácter excepcional de esta, imbricado dentro de la perspectiva de la teoría constitucional actual. Como conclusión, el contenido de la carga de la prueba puede ser relativizado bajo el ejercicio de ponderación, cuando este resulte en ganancias mayores en términos de principios constitucionales como la obtención de la paz y la construcción de la verdad en un contexto de conflicto.
¿son los business angels la solución a los problemas de financiación de las empresas en las primeras etapas de su vida?
Authors: VERONA MARTEL MARÍA CONCEPCIÓN , GARCÍA CARDONA MONTSERRAT , DÉNIZ MAYOR JOSÉ JUAN
Published: September 2018

Los Business angels son inversores informales que aportan su propio dinero, sus conocimientos, sus contactos y su tiempo a empresas en las primeras etapas de su vida cuando más necesitadas están de ayuda. De ahí que constituyan una fuente de financiación que ha de ser fomentada por su gran contribución al tejido empresarial y a la economía en general.
Marcas del distribuidor: evolución y caracterización del concepto
Authors: MEDINA VALENCIA JAQUELINE , DUQUE OLIVA EDISON JAIR
Published: September 2018

En las últimas décadas es notable el auge que han experimentado las marcas del distribuidor, dejando como consecuencia un cambio sustancial en las preferencias de los consumidores y un cambio en las dinámicas del canal de distribución. Con ello la existencia de las marcas gestionadas por los distribuidores minoristas se pueden considerar como un fenómeno complejo que tiene múltiples y variadas implicaciones para cada uno de los actores involucrados: consumidores, fabricantes y distribuidores. Ante este panorama la presente investigación se centra en dilucidar tres cuestiones básicas: ¿Qué son las marcas del distribuidor?, ¿por qué los distribuidores gestionan sus propias marcas? y ¿cuáles son los factores que pueden incidir en el éxito o fracaso de las mismas?, con el fin de brindar desde una perspectiva general mayor claridad sobre el fenómeno en cuestión.
Comunicaciones de mercadeo en relaciones industriales
Authors: VILLAMARÍN GARCÍA JOSÉ MANUEL , RAMÍREZ ANGULO JULIÁN
Published: September 2018

El marketing industrial ha sido un campo que ha tenido un desarrollo relativamente bajo dentro de la teoría del marketing en general, esto en comparación con otras ramas de la materia. Pese a que sus principales desarrollos datan de varias décadas atrás, sus teorías y postulados siguen vigentes con el pasar de los años. Por esta razón es muy poco lo que a partir de ello se ha formulado en épocas más recientes. Con base en lo anterior, el presente artículo tiene el objetivo de inducir a los lectores a reflexionar sobre nuevas formas de llevar a cabo las comunicaciones en el sector industrial ya que, como se examinará, es un campo complejo que exige diferentes niveles de acercamiento y contacto con los actores interrelacionados. Todo ello partiendo de los avances tecnológicos y conceptuales que han permeado las comunicaciones durante los siglos veinte y veintiuno, representados por la era de la computación y por los desarrollos que esta ha traído consigo.
La cláusula fiscal
Authors: ZELMANOVITZ LEONIDAS
Published: September 2018

El propósito de este trabajo es evaluar si hay un argumento a favor de la “banca central” que no se pueda aislar de los terrenos económicos y morales. Para realizar esta investigación, se discutirá de manera filosófica si las instituciones privadas con libertad para contratar y buenas entradas tienen un mayor valor al de la defensa nacional puesto que es la última justificación vigente para las prerrogativas económicas analizadas por el gobierno. De igual forma, analizaremos si hay otras formas de proveer fondos para la defensa nacional menos propensas a crear problemas de acción colectiva que el intervencionismo en el dinero y la banca.
Capital social y empresas rurales: un estudio de caso
Authors: SAIZ VÉLEZ JORGE ENRIQUE
Published: September 2018

Peasant communities in the Colombian rural sectors face different economic, social and environmental challenges. Problems related to land ownership, income distribution, low parcel productivity and high production and commercialization costs, have taken peasant communities to an unacceptable state of marginality and poverty for a country with an incredibly high potential in the farming and livestock sectors. The formation and consolidation of close social networks between community members turns into a determining factor to achieve acceptable human integral and sustainable development levels.This article shows the results found in the farming cooperative stores regarding the social equity topic in the township of Lenguazaque (Cundinamarca) and neighboring areas (COOPALAC), where the associates and their families traditionally dedicate themselves to the production of milk and potato crops. Through surveys and role plays, it was found that trust and cooperation among the members of the dairy cooperative store are key elements for income growth and social well-being. However, the evident asymmetry in the information received, together with the absence of an effective leadership, are becoming factors that might eventually lead to a deterioration of the most important variables in the forming and consolidation of the established social networks
El diagnóstico en un momento de crisis
Authors: FARFÁN BUITRAGO DALSY YOLIMA , CASTRO FIGUEROA ANDRÉS MAURICIO
Published: September 2018

Being perdurable is all the companies’ objective, along with their financial and sustainable growth and everything related to stability and success of the economic entity. Even though this is the companies wish, difficulties and critical moments are part of their growth unleashing chaotic complex situations that are important topics for the corporate epidemiology studies. This article attempts to analyze the moments of crisis through which some Colombian companies went through seeking to identify the symptoms shown prior to the event, which didn’t allow the companies’ perdurability wish because when goals are not reached, the origin of the event must be searched for. This means identifying the causes and situations that lead to the companies’ disease, so called from the epidemiology perspective, starting with the analysis of symptoms, to the expert’s diagnosis to somehow determine which is the disease and how to turn these experiences into defense mechanisms for the prevention of corporate diseases in the future.
Selección de portafolios de renta variable: una propuesta a través de betas al alza y a la baja en el mercado colombiano
Authors: ARIZA GARZÓN MILLER , CADENA LOZANO JAVIER
Published: September 2018

This article presents a methodological proposal oriented to form portfolios based on using mixed stock betas, due to the need to make an efficient investment portfolio management, maximizing revenues and minimizing risk. These results are compared to portfolios based on traditional betas (CAPM model), thus concluding that during most part of the analyzed period, the portfolio’s optimization using the mixed betas methodology overcomes the option of the traditional betas in the return.
Análisis comparativo entre el impuesto a las ventas en colombia y el impuesto al valor añadido en España
Authors: AJARDO-CALDERÓN CONSTANZA LORETH F , SUÁREZ AMAYA DORA CECILIA , SANTA FAJARDO LAURA MICHEL
Published: September 2018

El estudio realizado sobre el Derecho Tributario comparado ha permitido abordar análisis desde el sistema tributario colombiano con otros países. En este proceso investigativo se conoce el marco histórico de los impuestos en Colombia; se comprenden los sistemas tributarios; se establece el estado del arte de los impuestos de carácter nacional; se construye un análisis comparativo de diferencias y similitudes en cuanto a los impuestos de carácter nacional, se complementa con el análisis del sistema de retención en la fuente y los convenios para evitar la doble imposición para prevenir la evasión fiscal en materia de impuestos.

El presente artículo da cuenta de uno de los objetivos propuestos, en donde se logra analizar los elementos básicos del impuesto a las ventas en Colombia con el impuesto al valor añadido en España. Con este análisis comparativo se sintetiza y se da a conocer una breve reseña histórica del impuesto a las ventas en Colombia hasta presentar el desarrollo de las normas vigentes que lo regulan, las características principales, los elementos tributarios, las formas de operar en ambos países y las obligaciones fiscales que genera no solo en Colombia sino también para España.

Lo anterior es de interés para la comunidad académica y profesional, para quienes puedan abordar los hechos económicos y fiscales en un ambiente competitivo que exige el mundo actual.
Efectos del conocimiento compartido y la seguridad psicológica en la eficacia de los equipos de trabajo
Authors: Borda Arias Maria Isabel
Published: September 2018

This research focuses on establishing the relationship that sharing knowledge behaviors and psychological safety have in the effectiveness inside the team. It is used a quantitative methodology with a descriptive-correlational design. It was worked with a sample group chosen intentionally, and integrated by 200 participants who belong to 39 working teams that made part of twenty organizations from Bogotá City. The instrument to measure the variables had 29 items and it was validated by four judges and gave a high internal consistency (.939). The results show positive correlations and significant results among sharing knowledge, psychological safety and team effectiveness.
Análisis de los diferenciales de tasas de interés y de cambio entre Colombia y Estados Unidos 2000-2013
Authors: Astaiza Gómez Jose Gabriel , Gómez Sánchez Andrés Mauricio
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to analyze the influence of the money market interest rates differential on the peso-dollar exchange rate between Colombia and the United States in light of the model of Frankel (1979). For this purpose, in the first instance it is implemented a cointegration model that captures the purchasing power parity assumed in the abovementioned model. Then, the hypotheses of the interest rate differentials on the exchange rate are tested. The results show that there is evidence that purchasing power parity holds in the long run but not in the short term, and that the difference between the nominal interest rates between two countries, as well as the expected longterm inflation, well explain the movements of the nominal exchange rate.
La poli-dimensionalidad de las relaciones. caso de estudio
Authors: Chaux Mayorga Carmen Elisa , Gualteros Galeano Cesar Augusto
Published: September 2018

This paper presents a preview of the results of the Research Program “Imaginary, choreography and mapping of travelling salesmen of the city of Ibagué, Colombia, located between carreras 2nd to 5th and streets 10 to 16, which comes ahead of the Research Group “Values Solidarity” of the Cooperative University of Colombia, Ibagué, linking from a complex perspective, the main components containing tissue relations peddlers in its various poly-dimensional, with the aim of opening new routes of thought and action – interaction that enable the emergence of new solutions to social problems as meaning that has been facing the city of Ibagué and it gets worse with the passage of time. The nine - dimensional poly relationships hawkers, evidence has been made, are important for the final document that might be drawn to achieve complete research input, which has been told not only with the willing cooperation of the members of this study population, but with the support of two students of Business Administration of the University, that this beautiful research experience were linked through their degree option “directed research”.
Gestión del conocimiento y principales aportes de la revista Criterio Libre
Authors: Ortiz Bojacá José Joaquín
Published: September 2018

La gestión del conocimiento se ha convertido en un poderoso instrumentopara auscultar y desarrollar parámetros en la producción de conocimiento, locual es vital para el sector educativo y para nuestro caso, el correspondientea la educación superior en los procesos investigativos y sus relaciones conla docencia y la proyección social. Por tal motivo en el presente artículo nosproponemos desarrollar un esquema integrador de la aplicación de esteimportante concepto, a la difusión y divulgación del conocimiento generadoen la investigación y la reflexión que se plasma en las revistas científicas,enfocándonos en el caso de la Revista CRITERIO LIBRE y específicamenteen el análisis de los contenidos y aportes al conocimiento emanados de laedición anterior (No. 20), como un modelo que se desarrollará continuamentea partir de ese número. La metodología utilizada es de tipo mixto, en dondelo cualitativo se fundamenta en los enfoques hermenéutico-interpretativo ylo cuantitativo en el enfoque bibliométrico. Se llega a la construcción de unmodelo que se propone a la comunidad de editores de revistas en nuestromedio, como un mecanismo que facilita la utilización productiva de este importante instrumento de difusión y divulgación del conocimiento como loson las revistas científicas.
Diseño de mecanismos como herramienta para alcanzar objetivos socialmente deseables
Authors: Estrada Cañas Ismael , Meneses Amaya Claudia Patricia , Palacio García Luis Alejandro
Published: September 2018

This article reflects on the importance of the theory of mechanism design as a tool to achieve socially desirable goals. The overall purpose is to explain how this advanced topic of economics allows optimal allocations of resources when the exchange is subject to the existence of asymmetric information between the parties. First, we present the conceptual foundations of mechanism design and theoretical contributions by which Leonid Hurwicz, Eric Maskin and Roger Myerson were awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2007. Secondly, we expose the methodological foundations of the theory. The literature shows that to guide transactions and achieve predetermined outcomes is necessary that the principal to implement institutional arrangements that induce agents to reveal their private information for reconciling their incentives.
La auditoría ambiental como función de la administración pública en la protección del bien público ambiental, para construir la empresa amigable con el ambiente como meta del desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Antúnez Sánchez Alcides Francisco
Published: September 2018

The environmental auditing, like appraising tool of the environmental step, part of the scientific conceived problem in: Insufficiencies in the juridical sorting of the environmental auditing in the public sector, incident in his purpose of environmental control in behalf of the friendly company with the environment and the sustainable development. It has as an aim to argumenting the theoretic assumptions of the environmental auditing as from his historic, doctrinal and exegetic assessment, in order to seek the perfecting of his juridical sorting. The utilized methods were the juridical theoretician, the historic logician, the exegetic juridical, the comparative law, the analysis and synthesis. As a main result the theoretic assumptions are formulated for future perfecting of the environmental auditing in the public sector and the other forms of management in the economic and social context. Its purpose is to achieve the sustainable development with the creation of companies friendly with the environment, that enable the equilibrium between progress and the nature.
Prácticas de gestión humana en empresas del sector servicios: hoteles, bares y restaurantes de la ciudad de Tunja
Authors: Rodríguez Moreno Diana Cristina , Granados Ávila Pilar Nathaly , Velandia Rodríguez Sandra Viviana
Published: September 2018

This research is approached from the functionalist paradigm in which the organization is understood as a set of elements organized for productivity. Within it, the human resource operates within defined parameters to optimize its scope and align their purposes to other social entities. These parameters are known as human management practices and this research identifies those occurring in service sector: hotels, bars and restaurants in Tunja city. To do this, quantitative and qualitative approaches with objective to determinate the characteristics of the human resource practices. The results confirm those of similar investigations at the national level in other sectors of the economy
La integración vertical en la cadena de abastecimiento de las instituciones de educación superior en Colombia
Authors: Forero Diana Elvira , Ramos Juan Carlos
Published: September 2018

Vertical integration is a strategy that makes it easier for higher education institutions to reduce their costs by increasing their effectiveness in managing their supply chain. In this article different findings that should be considered when making these types of decisions to integrate backwards, forwards or the center of its operations are explored. It is also shown an applicable supply chain model in institutions of higher education, which speaks to the quality model adopted by the national government and makes direct reference to the possibilities of vertical integration and the type of activities in which this might occur. Throughout the document examples of application of this strategy are displayed according to different theoretical and practical considerations for the management of educational institutions
Aplicación de los diagramas de control para el análisis e inspección de las variaciones derivadas del costo estándar: un estudio de caso
Authors: Alzate Castro Wilmar Alexander , Osorio Agudelo Jair Albeiro
Published: September 2018

A partir de la estructura de los costos bajo las IFRS, costos de adquisición, costos de transformación y otros costos, este trabajo documenta la aplicación de los diagramas  de control para facilitar la selección de las variaciones que han de ser examinadas  entre el costo real y el costo estándar, determinando sus causas,  y establecer  acciones  correctivas. Por ello, el escrito presentauna alternativa diferente al muestreo o al criterio subjetivo para hacer dicha selección.  El  tipo de  investigación trabajado fue el estudio de  caso  en una empresa  que produce  sacos  de papel  localizada en el municipio de Girardota, Antioquia, y se muestran cuatro ejemplos de diagramas  de control con sus respectivos análisis de patrones. Se concluye que los diagramas  de control no solo facilitan la escogencia de las variaciones sino que también aportan indicios sobre las causas que generaron dichas variaciones a través del análisis de patrones.
Imaginarios y realidades sobre los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje en el contexto de la formación de educadores infantiles del caribe colombiano
Authors: Múnera Cavadías Liris , Montes Miranda Alexander Javier , Alarcón Lora Andrés Antonio
Published: September 2018

The present article gives an account of the results of the research “Approaches of Teaching - Learning of the Teacher Educators of Infantile Educators in the State Universities of the Colombian Caribbean. 2013- 2016. “, Carried out with the objective of knowing the teaching - learning approaches of university professors in Early Childhood and / or Preschool Degrees, in the state universities of the Colombian Caribbean. The methodology used was non-experimental, based on the observation of phenomena as they occur in their natural context, and then analyzed. Among the most relevant results is a vision of teaching based on the learning of your student, as well as the evidence of pedagogical strategies, from this teaching approach, which allows the active participation of students, but in the same way They are open to changes that may occur in the development of a class
Effect of aceclofenac on pharmacokinetics of phenytoin sodium in epileptic patients
Authors: Kulkarni Rushikesh S. , Chandaliya Kantilal C.
Published: September 2018

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic disorder characterised by recurrent seizures/convulsions that affects people of all ages. Phenytoin sodium is an effective, cheaper, most commonly used first line drug for the treatment of epilepsy. As a result of sure encounter with various painful inflammatory conditions like chronic arthritis at some point of time the co administration of analgesics becomes inevitable in epileptic patients. Aceclofenac is a commonly prescribed, moderately COX-2 selective congener of Diclofenac. Because of similarity in some pharmacokinetic properties between Phenytoin sodium and Aceclofenac; the possibility of drug interaction between them is postulated.Methods: In this prospective randomized observational study diagnosed and stabilized patients of epilepsy of either sex of more than 18 years of age were included. Patient taking Phenytoin sodium 100mg BD and prescribed tab Aceclofenac 100mg bd for 7 days. Serum Phenytoin sodium levels were measured before and after administering Aceclofenac. Graph pad Prism software Version 6 used for statistical analysis.Results: At the end of the study, we found statistically significant effect (p = 0.0104) on serum Phenytoin sodium level. However, no statistical difference was found in any of the other parameters i.e., epilepsy outcome parameters and lab parameters - Urine routine microscopy, CBC, LFT, KFT and RBG.Conclusions: Findings in this study forms a platform for future researchers to explore this field of research by designing an interventional study with well scrutinised study population considering all pharmacokinetic parameters.
Vitamin D levels in systematic lupus erythematosus patients: association with disease activity index and interferon alpha
Authors: Enteshari-moghaddam Afsaneh , Ravaei Gholamreza , Azami Ahad
Published: September 2018

Background: In different studies the correlation between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and disease activity with vitamin D has been shown. The role of different interferons especially interferon alpha (IFN-α) in lupus pathogenesis have been previously shown. Considering the role of vitamin D and IFN-α, it is possible that these two could demonstrate the SLE activity. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and IFN-α with disease activity index in Ardabil city SLE patients.Methods: In this case control study, 50 SLE patients and 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects were recruited. Patients had serum 25-OH Vitamin D concentration and disease activity recorded. Vitamin D and IFN-α levels were compared between two groups and also, levels of anti-dsDNA, and SLEDAI in case group was measured. Statistical methods were used to determine the correlation between vitamin D and IFN-α with disease activity index at baseline.Results: Vitamin D deficiency (<40 nmol/L) was detected in 20% of SLE patients. Vitamin D level in case group significantly lower than control group (23.94±11.93 vs. 29.10±11.40 ng/ml, p=0.02). The IFN-α amount in case group significantly upper than control group (396.60±54.73 vs. 200.38±14.42, p=0.001). There was significantly negative correlation between vitamin D with IFN-α (r=-0.413, p=0.003), SLEDAI (r=-0.492, p<0.001) and anti-dsDNA (r=-0.417, p=0.003). There was positive correlation between IFN-α with SLEDAI (r=0.358, p=0.01) and anti-dsDNA (p=0.297, p=0.03).Conclusions: Results showed that the low vitamin D was associated with a higher disease activity in SLE patients. Also, it seems that, the improvement of vitamin D levels by decreasing IFN-α could help in controlling disease activity in future.
A prospective study of adverse drug reactions in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Daulat More Pankaj , V. J. Ambika Abhishake , Singh Prabhakar , Raj Bhupendra
Published: September 2018

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have become frequent cause for hospitalization and are coming up as an economic burden on health systems. Identification of ADRs and their reporting pattern can provide useful information for their management.Methods: This was an observational and prospective study. ADR reports of 130 patients were collected of the inpatient department of various clinical departments of Sanjay Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh (M.P.) The ADRs were collected during October 2014-September 2015, with ADR reporting form of Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), New Delhi. ADRs were assessed for their causality, severity, and preventability as per the standard scales. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and expresses in percentages.Results: Overall occurrence of ADRs was slightly more in males (55%). Maximum (26%) suspected ADR reported during study period was skin rash. Skin (44%) was the most commonly affected organ system. Antimicrobials (68%) were the drug group most commonly involved in ADRs. Most of the suspected ADRs were probable in causality assessment, moderate in severity and probably preventable.Conclusions: The study results revealed opportunities for interventions in ADR management to ensure safer drug use.
Off-label use of antibiotics in hospitalised children in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: . Puja , D. C. Dhasmana , Kohli Saurabh , Chander Vipin
Published: September 2018

Background: Children constitute one-third of the population and they suffer from a variety of infectious diseases and are commonly prescribed antibiotics. Most of the antibiotics lack sufficient information on safety and efficacy in children and are thus prescribed off-label. This study was envisaged to assess the off-label use of antibiotics in hospitalized children.Methods: Total 120 patients were included in the study. Off-label use was determined on the basis of product literature and National Formulary of India. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data i.e. percentage; proportions, frequency, mean and standard deviation using Microsoft excel worksheet.Results: A total of 791 drugs from different classes were prescribed to 120 patients with a mean of 6.6±2.68 drugs described per patient during their stay in the hospital. 100 out of 120 (83%) patients were prescribed at least one antibiotic during their stay in the hospital. Out of the 204 antibiotics prescribed, 43(21%) were prescribed off-label. Antibiotic dose was the most common reason followed by age (1month-1 year more than 2-6 years of age) and frequency in off-label use.Conclusions: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed to children with substantial off-label use. The same must be seriously addressed by the policy makers and stakeholders in order to promote their rational use.
Adverse drug reactions in hospitalized paediatric patients in a tertiary care center in Kerala, India
Authors: N. Shiva Murthy , Jose Praveen V. , S. Basalingappa , Ali Safeera K. , V. K. Mabel Elizabeth
Published: September 2018

Background: Drug safety information about children is scarcely available. This study aims to describe the ADRs in hospitalized paediatric patients under 12 years of age in paediatrics wards of DM WIMS Hospital, Wayanad, Kerala, a tertiary care center in southern part of India.Methods: A retrospective study based on data collected as per the ongoing pharmacovigilance program of India (PvPI) was conducted for twelve months period in order to study the ADRs in hospitalized paediatric patients under 12 years of age with at least one medication prescribed. The study was conducted in paediatrics wards of DM WIMS Hospital, Wayanad. WHO-UMC scale and Naranjo´s Algorithm was used to evaluate causality, the modified Hartwig and Siegel assessment scale was used to establish severity and the Schumock and Thornton criteria was used to determine preventability.Results: Forty-two children (42) who experienced 55 ADRs were included in the study. The frequency was higher in children under 1 year of age (47.62%). Emergence of ADRs was higher in male patients (59.52%), in those used three or more medicines together (71.43%) and in those with systemic antibiotics (58.18%).Conclusions: Being the first study from Kerala in paediatric patients, it is an important contribution to drug safety profile in children from this region of India. ADRs frequency and other descriptive characteristics are provided for the enrolled children under 12 years of age. ADRs are an additional burden of morbidity and risk, particularly in those who used several medicines, including antibiotics.
Analysis of drug related electrolyte disturbances in emergency medicine department
Authors: Shah Karan B. , Gupta Sapna D. , Rana Devang A. , Malhotra Supriya D. , Patel Pankaj R.
Published: September 2018

Background: Electrolytes play an important role in various physiological functions of the body. Electrolyte disturbances are one of the most common problems encountered in critically ill patients. Drugs are also known to cause adverse electrolyte consequences. These drugs could be anti-hypertensive agents, hormones, antipsychotics or steroids. There is paucity of published literature on electrolyte disturbances caused by drugs. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the electrolyte disturbances caused by various drugs in critically ill patients.Methods: Following approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee, data collection was started. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) presenting as an electrolyte disturbance in emergency medicine department or occurring in hospitalized patients in the Intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital was be collected. ADRs resulting into electrolyte disturbances were identified and analysed in detail for demographic details, types of electrolyte disturbances, seriousness, severity, causality and preventability of ADRs. Fisher's exact test was done to find out the statistical difference between the electrolyte disturbances and different drugs.Results: Total 58 ADRs were reported as an electrolyte disturbance. Mean age of the patients affected was 52.48 years. Highest number of ADRs were observed in the age group of 61 to 70 years. Hypokalemia constituted 32 cases (55.2%) followed by hyponatremia (25.9%), hyperkalemia (6.9%), hypernatremia (6.9%), hypocalcemia (1.7%), hypomagnesemia (1.7%) and hypophosphatemia (1.7%). Insulin was associated with maximum cases of ADRs (27.6%).Conclusions: Electrolyte disturbances constitutes a major chunk of ADRs especially in critically ill patients. The physicians must be well-versed with the dynamics of fluid-electrolyte balance.
A comparative study to assess the safety and efficacy of etoricoxib versus aceclofenac in osteoarthritis
Authors: Waraich Harsimrat S. , Kumar Vikas , Goel Ashok , Singh Jatinder
Published: September 2018

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is most common form of arthritis; also referred as degenerative joint disease or “wear and tear” arthritis. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors are effective for pain and inflammation in OA and gained importance over conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), as causes significantly less toxicity, particularly, in gastrointestinal tract. The objective of the present research was to study the short-term comparative clinical efficacy of aceclofenac and etoricoxib in patients with osteoarthritis and to compare the safety profile of the two drugs i.e. aceclofenac and etoricoxib.Methods: The present study was a prospective, open label, parallel, intention to treat 80 patients out of 102 screened for osteoarthritis in the Department of Orthopaedics, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital attached to the Government Medical College, Amritsar. Patients were randomly divided in two groups with 40 patients each. Group A patients received Tab etoricoxib 60mg once daily and Group B patients received Tab. Aceclofenac 100mg twice daily. Patients were followed up after three weeks and at six weeks for clinical efficacy and safety.Results: Both the groups found to have significant improvement in signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis. However, aceclofenac was superior to etoricoxib in terms of change in visual analogue scale score, osteoarthritic severity index, patients’ and physicians’ global assessment while, etoricoxib was superior in terms of WOMAC osteoarthritic index and safety parameters in terms of ADR.Conclusions: Etoricoxib was better than conventional NSAIDs for the symptomatic management of osteoarthritis in terms of safety profile and clinical efficacy.