bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Homeopathic Medicines on Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mohanty Niranjan , Sahoo Amulya Ratna , Gautam Pooja , Ghosh Priyanka
Published: March 2023

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders present worldwide. It increases with age and is prevalent among elderly people affecting their daily activities thus adding to the economic burden.

Objectives This clinical study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of homeopathic medicines in the treatment of OA.

Methods This single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients suffering from OA. Each patient was randomised into an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG). The IG (n = 60) received individualised homeopathic medicine (IHM) based on the symptom similarity of the case. The CG (n = 30) received an identical-looking placebo. Outcome assessment was done by assessing the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores at the baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. Paired t-test was used to determine differences between before and after treatment within groups.

Results The difference in the WOMAC index score before and after treatment in the CG was found non-significant (p = 0.96), while in the IG the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) at a 95% of confidence level. The most useful medicines indicated were Bryonia alba, Medorrhinum, Pulsatilla pratensis, Rhus toxicodendron, Arnica montana, Causticum and Sulphur.

Conclusion Patients with OA reported a significant decrease in WOMAC index score after 3 months of homeopathic treatment based on the totality of symptoms.
The benefits of tourism for rural community development
Authors: Liu Yung-Lun , Chiang Jui-Te , Ko Pen-Fa
Published: March 2023

While the main benefits of rural tourism have been studied extensively, most of these studies have focused on the development of sustainable rural tourism. The role of tourism contributions to rural community development remains unexplored. Little is known about what tourism contribution dimensions are available for policy-makers and how these dimensions affect rural tourism contributions. Without a clear picture and indication of what benefits rural tourism can provide for rural communities, policy-makers might not invest limited resources in such projects. The objectives of this study are threefold. First, we outline a rural tourism contribution model that policy-makers can use to support tourism-based rural community development. Second, we address several methodological limitations that undermine current sustainability model development and recommend feasible methodological solutions. Third, we propose a six-step theoretical procedure as a guideline for constructing a valid contribution model. We find four primary attributes of rural tourism contributions to rural community development; economic, sociocultural, environmental, and leisure and educational, and 32 subattributes. Ultimately, we confirm that economic benefits are the most significant contribution. Our findings have several practical and methodological implications and could be used as policy-making guidelines for rural community development.
Exploring the parameter space of MagLIF implosions using similarity scaling. III. Rise-time scaling
Authors: Ruiz D. E. , Schmit P. F. , Weis M. R. , Peterson K. J. , Matzen M. K.
Published: March 2023

Magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) is a z-pinch magneto-inertial-fusion concept studied at the Z Pulsed Power Facility of Sandia National Laboratories. Two important metrics characterizing current delivery to a z-pinch load are the peak current and the current-rise time, which is roughly the time interval to reach the peak current. It is known that, when driving a z-pinch load with a longer current-rise time, the performance of the z-pinch decreases. However, a theory to understand and quantify this effect is still lacking. In this paper, we utilize a framework based on similarity scaling to analytically investigate the variations in the performance of MagLIF loads when varying the current-rise time, or equivalently, the implosion timescale. To maintain similarity between the implosions, we provide scaling prescriptions of experimental input parameters defining a MagLIF load and derive the expected scaling laws for stagnation conditions and for various performance metrics. We compare predictions of the theory to 2D numerical simulations using the radiation, magneto-hydrodynamic code hydra. For several metrics, we find acceptable agreement between the theory and simulations. Our results show that the voltage φload near the MagLIF load follows a weak scaling law φload∝tφ−0.12 with respect to the characteristic timescale tφ of the voltage source, instead of the ideal φload∝tφ−1 scaling. This occurs because the imploding height of the MagLIF load must increase to preserve end losses. As a consequence of the longer imploding liners, the required total laser preheat energy and delivered electric energy increase. Overall, this study helps understand the trade-offs of the MagLIF design space when considering future pulsed-power generators with shorter and longer current-rise times.
Modeling nonlinear optical interactions of focused beams in bulk crystals and thin films: A phenomenological approach
Authors: Spychala Kai J. , Amber Zeeshan H. , Eng Lukas M. , Ruesing Michael
Published: March 2023

Coherent nonlinear optical μ-spectroscopy is a frequently used tool in modern material science as it is sensitive to many different local observables, which comprise, among others, crystal symmetry and vibrational properties. The richness in information, however, may come with challenges in data interpretation, as one has to disentangle the many different effects like multiple reflections, phase jumps at interfaces, or the influence of the Guoy-phase. In order to facilitate interpretation, the work presented here proposes an easy-to-use semi-analytical modeling Ansatz, which bases upon known analytical solutions using Gaussian beams. Specifically, we apply this Ansatz to compute nonlinear optical responses of (thin film) optical materials. We try to conserve the meaning of intuitive parameters like the Gouy-phase and the nonlinear coherent interaction length. In particular, the concept of coherence length is extended, which is a must when using focal beams. The model is subsequently applied to exemplary cases of second- and third-harmonic generation. We observe a very good agreement with experimental data, and furthermore, despite the constraints and limits of the analytical Ansatz, our model performs similarly well as when using more rigorous simulations. However, it outperforms the latter in terms of computational power, requiring more than three orders less computational time and less performant computer systems.
Exploring the Social Reinforcing Value of Brushing in Equine-Assisted Services: A Comparative Study with Food Reinforcement
Authors: Schroeder Katy , Arant Megan , Hekkert Cameron , Protopopova Alexandra
Published: March 2023

Brushing is one of the most common human-horse interactions in Equine-Assisted Services (EAS). Previous research has shown both positive and negative effects of brushing on horses’ behavior and physiological states. One of the primary reasons horses are included in services such as mental and behavioral healthcare is to provide human clients with positive relational experiences; however, more empirical research is needed to determine if horses also receive socially derived benefits from their interactions with human clients. Therefore, we set out to determine whether brushing can function as a social reinforcer for horses utilized in EAS in comparison to food reinforcement. Six EAS horses from a university-based Premier Accredited Professional Association of Therapeutic Horsemanship, International center in the Southwestern Region of the United States participated in a single-subject reversal ABCABC design experiment, in which stimuli (A: Brushing, B: Food, and C: Control [Extinction]) were provided contingent on an arbitrary behavior (nose touch to the experimenter’s closed fist). All horses exhibited maximal or near-maximal responding in the food condition, but low responding in the brushing and control conditions. Data indicated that brushing was not an effective reinforcer for horses compared to food, and this could suggest brushing is a low-value reinforcer. Alternatively, it is possible to access to food at relatively short intervals in time during the experiment may have impacted the reinforcing value of brushing. Human-animal interaction proponents are increasingly calling attention to the need to ensure that equine-inclusive healthcare services address horse welfare, including the promotion of positive welfare experiences. Results from this study support the need for more research on identifying optimal interactions that can promote mutual benefits to both humans and horses participating in EAS.
Research on the multimodal fusion calibration method of the binocular visual system in a large-scale FOV
Authors: Xia Zhongyuan , Xia Renbo , Zhao Jibin
Published: March 2023

Calibration is vital for the binocular visual system. The high-precision measurement volume of the traditional binocular visual system is very small; therefore, it is difficult to measure large objects accurately. Accurate calibration of the binocular visual system is also extremely difficult in a large-scale field-of-view (FOV). Several attempts have been made to calibrate the binocular visual system in a large-scale FOV without recognizing the importance of depth information. A new method based on multimodal constraints has been proposed to calibrate the binocular visual system in a large-scale FOV whose height-width-depth is 2*2*2 

m

3

. The method fuses multiple constraints, i.e. the distance error constraint, the reprojection error constraint, the epipolar error constraint, the spatial points error constraint, and the regularization constraint. An objective function that integrates the above constraints has been derived. The construction method of the global Jacobi matrix, the adaptive weight adjustment method, and the Levenberg–Marquardt iterative algorithm are used to minimize the objective function. Comparison experiments have been carried out to validate the performance of our proposed method by measuring a 1.4 m long calibration gauge. The results show that the root mean square (RMS) of the residual error of our method is 0.0929 mm, Zhang’s traditional method is 0.523 mm, and Xiao’s photogrammetric method is 0.348 mm. The RMS of our method is 82% less than that of Zhang’s method. Noise experiments show that the RMS of the residual error of our method is 45% less than Zhang’s method with 0.1 level noise inference, which verifies the stability and reliability of our method.
Approximate localised dihedral patterns near a turing instability
Authors: Hill Dan J , Bramburger Jason J , Lloyd David J B
Published: March 2023

Fully localised patterns involving cellular hexagons or squares have been found experimentally and numerically in various continuum models. However, there is currently no mathematical theory for the emergence of these localised cellular patterns from a quiescent state. A key issue is that standard techniques for one-dimensional patterns have proven insufficient for understanding localisation in higher dimensions. In this work, we present a comprehensive approach to this problem by using techniques developed in the study of radially-symmetric patterns. Our analysis covers localised planar patterns equipped with a wide range of dihedral symmetries, thereby avoiding a restriction to solutions on a predetermined lattice. The context in this paper is a theory for the emergence of such patterns near a Turing instability for a general class of planar reaction-diffusion equations. Posing the reaction-diffusion system in polar coordinates, we carry out a finite-mode Fourier decomposition in the angular variable to yield a large system of coupled radial ordinary differential equations. We then utilise various radial spatial dynamics methods, such as invariant manifolds, rescaling charts, and normal form analysis, leading to an algebraic matching condition for localised patterns to exist in the finite-mode reduction. This algebraic matching condition is nontrivial, which we solve via a combination of by-hand calculations and Gröbner bases from polynomial algebra to reveal the existence of a plethora of localised dihedral patterns. These results capture the essence of the emergent localised hexagonal patterns witnessed in experiments. Moreover, we combine computer-assisted analysis and a Newton–Kantorovich procedure to prove the existence of localised patches with 6 m-fold symmetry for arbitrarily large Fourier decompositions. This includes the localised hexagon patches that have been elusive to analytical treatment.
Oscillatory translational instabilities of spot patterns in the Schnakenberg system on general 2D domains
Authors: Tzou J C , Xie S
Published: March 2023

For a bounded 2D planar domain Ω, we investigate the impact of domain geometry on oscillatory translational instabilities of N-spot equilibrium solutions for a singularly perturbed Schnakenberg reaction-diffusion system with

activator-inhibitor diffusivity ratio. An N-spot equilibrium is characterized by an activator concentration that is exponentially small everywhere in Ω except in N well-separated localized regions of

extent. We use the method of matched asymptotic analysis to analyze Hopf bifurcation thresholds above which the equilibrium becomes unstable to translational perturbations, which result in

-frequency oscillations in the locations of the spots. We find that stability to these perturbations is governed by a nonlinear matrix-eigenvalue problem, the eigenvector of which is a 2N-vector that characterizes the possible modes (directions) of oscillation. The

2
N
×
2
N

matrix contains terms associated with a certain Green’s function on Ω, which encodes geometric effects. For the special case of a perturbed disk with radius in polar coordinates

r
=
1
+
σ
f
(
θ
)

with

0
<
ε
≪
σ
≪
1

,

θ
∈
[
0
,
2
π
)

, and

f
(
θ
)

2π-periodic, we show that only the mode-2 coefficients of the Fourier series of f impact the bifurcation threshold at leading order in σ. We further show that when

f
(
θ
)
=
cos
2
θ

, the dominant mode of oscillation is in the direction parallel to the longer axis of the perturbed disk. Numerical investigations on the full Schnakenberg PDE are performed for various domains Ω and N-spot equilibria to confirm asymptotic results and also to demonstrate how domain geometry impacts thresholds and dominant oscillation modes.
Saturation correction for a piezoelectric shunt absorber based on 2:1 internal resonance using a cubic nonlinearity
Authors: Shami Zein Alabidin , Giraud-Audine Christophe , Thomas Olivier
Published: March 2023

In this study, we present a theoretical and experimental analysis of an antiresonance detuning correction for a nonlinear piezoelectric shunt absorber based on a two-to-one internal resonance. Thanks to this purely nonlinear feature, the oscillations of the primary system become independent of the forcing at a particular antiresonance frequency, thus creating an efficient reduction of the vibration. Past works of the literature present the design of the piezoelectric shunt and show that it is subjected to a softening behavior that detunes the antiresonance frequency as a function of the amplitude and thus degrades the performance. It is also shown that this softening behavior is caused by some non-resonant terms present in the equations, linked to the piezoelectric coupling. To counteract this undesired effect, we propose in this work to add a cubic nonlinearity in the shunt circuit, in addition to the quadratic one already present. Its tuning is based on a normal form analysis already published, which shows how cubic nonlinearities can cancel the effect of quadratic non-resonant terms. The present article describes the main features of the theory and focuses on the experimental proof of concept of this antiresonance detuning correction as well as the analysis of its range of validity. It is applied to the damping of the first bending mode of a hydrodynamic foil structure.
Thermal expansion behavior of sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets with different Co contents and orientations
Authors: Meng Rui-Yang , Xu Ji-Yuan , Zhang Jia-Teng , Liu Jing , Fang Yi-Kun , Dong Sheng-Zhi , Li Wei
Published: March 2023

The thermal expansion behavior of sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets is a crucial parameter for production and application. However, this aspect has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, three different sintered Nd–Fe–B magnets with varying Co content (Co = 0, 6, 12 wt%) were prepared using the conventional powder metallurgy method, and four magnets oriented under different magnetic fields were prepared to compare. The thermal expansion behavior for the magnets was investigated using a linear thermal dilatometry in the temperature range of 20 °C–500 °C. It was found that, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) increases with the increase of Co contents, while the anisotropy of thermal expansion decreases. The introduction of Co leads to continuous changes from negative to positive thermal expansion in the vertically oriented direction, which is important for the development of zero thermal expansion magnets. The thermal expansion of non-oriented magnets was found to be isotropic. Additionally, the anisotropy of thermal expansion increases with the increase of orientation degree. These results have important implications for the development of sintered Nd–Fe–B with controllable CTE.
A ten-fold coordinated high-pressure structure in hafnium dihydrogen with increasing superconducting transition temperature induced by enhancive pressure
Authors: Wang 王 Yan-Qi 妍琪 , Zhang 张 Chuan-Zhao 传钊 , Zhang 张 Jin-Quan 金权 , Li 李 Song 松 , Ju 巨 Meng 濛 , Sun 孙 Wei-Guo 伟国 , Dou 豆 Xi-Long 喜龙 , Jin 金 Yuan-Yuan 园园
Published: March 2023

High pressure is an effective method to induce structural and electronic changes, creating novel high-pressure structures with excellent physical and chemical properties. Herein, we investigate the structural phase transition of hafnium dihydrogen (HfH2) in a pressure range of 0 GPa–500 GPa through the first-principles calculations and the crystal structure analysis by particle swarm optimization (CALYPSO) code. The high-pressure phase transition sequence of HfH2 is I4/mmm → Cmma → P-3m1 and the two phase transition pressure points are 220.21 GPa and 359.18 GPa, respectively. A newly trigonal P-3m1 structure with 10-fold coordination first appears as an energy superior structure under high pressure. These three structures are all metallic with the internal ionic bonding of Hf and H atoms. Moreover, the superconducting transition temperature (T
c) values of Cmma at 300 GPa and P-3m1 at 500 GPa are 3.439 K and 19.737 K, respectively. Interestingly, the superconducting transition temperature of the P-3m1 structure presents an upward trend with the pressure rising, which can be attributed to the increase of electron–phonon coupling caused by the enhanced Hf-d electronic density of states at Fermi level under high pressure.
Modulation of CO adsorption on 4,12,2-graphyne by Fe atom doping and applied electric field
Authors: Dong Yu , Shao Zhi-Gang , Wang Cang-Long , Yang Lei
Published: March 2023

Adsorption characteristics of CO adsorbed on pristine 4,12,2-graphyne (4,12,2-G) and Fe-doped 4,12,2-graphyne (Fe-4,12,2-G) are studied by first-principles calculations. It is shown that CO is only physically adsorbed on pristine 4,12,2-G. Fe atoms can be doped into 4,12,2-G stably and lead to band gap opening. After doping, the interaction between Fe-4,12,2-G and CO is significantly enhanced and chemisorption occurs. The maximum adsorption energy reaches −1.606 eV. Meanwhile, the charge transfer between them increases from 0.009e to 0.196e. Moreover, the electric field can effectively regulate the adsorption ability of the Fe-4,12,2-G system, which is expected to achieve the capture and release of CO. Our study is helpful to promote applications of two-dimensional carbon materials in gas sensing and to provide new ideas for reversible CO sensor research.
Non-destructive Elemental Analysis of Lunar Materials with Negative Muon Beam at J-PARC
Authors: Chiu I-Huan , Terada Kentaro , Takahito Osawa , Park Changkun , Takeshita Soshi , Miyake Yasuhiro , Ninomiya Kazuhiko
Published: March 2023

In the last decade, non-destructive elemental analysis using negative muon beams advanced significantly. This method can be used to determine the elemental composition of bulk materials without causing damage. In this study, we performed a negative muon irradiation experiment for a Northwest Africa 482 lunar meteorite (NWA482), which was installed in a stainless steel analysis chamber. The analysis chamber was filled with helium gas to suppress the background signals caused by air-scattering muons. The muonic X-rays from Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Si, and O in the samples were detected using six high-purity germanium semiconductor detectors arranged around the analysis chamber. To correct the X-ray self-absorption effect of the samples, a Monte-Carlo simulation using Geant4 toolkit was used. Based on the quantitative analysis for muonic X-ray measurement with the correction application from the simulation, we successfully investigated the analytical sensitivity of each element in meteorites based on the NWA482 data.
Design of the surface muon beamline of MELODY
Authors: Chen Cong , Bao Yu , Vassilopoulos Nikolaos
Published: March 2023

A Muon station for sciEnce, technoLOgy and inDustrY (MELODY) has been listed in the CSNS upgrade plan. Up to 5Hz of proton pulses will be extracted from the RCS ring to a stand-alone target station. One surface muon will be constructed during CSNS II and another decay muon beamline and more terminals are designed for the future. In this report, we describe the design of the surface muon beamline.
The Ultra-Slow Muon beamline at J-PARC: present status and future prospects
Authors: Kanda S , Teshima N , Adachi T , Ikedo Y , Miyake Y , Nagatani Y , Nakamura S , Oishi Y , Shimomura K , Strasser P , Umezawa T
Published: March 2023

At J-PARC MLF, MUSE provides the world-highest flux of pulsed muon beams. U-Line, one of the four beamlines in the facility, features an intense surface muon beam from Super-Omega and Ultra-slow muon generated by laser ionization of thermal muonium in vacuo. The Ultra-slow muon beam is characterized by variable energy from sub-keV to tens of keV and a time resolution of several tens of times better than that of ordinary pulsed beams. These features enable the study of interesting phenomena localized at surfaces and near interfaces and fast dynamics that cannot be observed with ordinary pulsed beams. Commissioning of the beamline and instruments is underway in preparation for the start of user programs. This paper presents an overview of the facility, its current status, and its prospects.
A simulation study of muon transport in the Ultra-Slow Muon beamline at J-PARC
Authors: Teshima N , Kanda S , Adachi T , Ikedo Y , Miyake Y , Nagatani Y , Oishi Y , Shimomura K , Strasser P
Published: March 2023

The Super-Omega beamline at J-PARC Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility provides an intense pulsed slow positive muon beam. Combined with a muonium production target and laser light for muonium ionization, the pulsed ultra-slow muon facility has been developed. At the facility, a spectrometer for muon spin rotation measurements using ultra-slow muons is under commissioning. In this paper, we will report on the current status of the beam optics optimization of slow muon transport and ultra-slow muon extraction to improve the intensity and quality of the ultra-slow muon beam.
Magnetic ground state of YbCo2Zn20 probed by muon spin relaxation
Authors: Higemoto Wataru , Satoh Kazuhiko , Ito Takashi U , Ohishi Kazuki , Saiga Yuta , Kosaka Masashi , Matsubayashi Kazuyuki , Uwatoko Yoshiya
Published: March 2023

The cubic compound YbCo2Zn20 has huge electronic specific heat coefficient γ=7900 mJ/molK2 and its ground state could be located in the vicinity of the quantum critical point. To investigate magnetic ground state, we have carried out muon spin relaxation measurements and confirmed non-magnetic ground state with fluctuating tiny magnetic moment.
Impact of Mn-Pn intermixing on magnetic properties of an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator: the µSR perspective
Authors: Sahoo M , Salman Z , Allodi G , Isaeva A , Folkers L , Wolter AUB , Büchner B , De Renzi R
Published: March 2023

We investigated the magnetic properties of polycrystalline samples of the intrinsic magnetic topological insulators MnPn2Te4, with pnictogen Pn = Sb, Bi, by bulk magnetization and µSR. DC susceptibility detects the onset of magnetic ordering at TN
= 27 K and 24 K and a field dependence of the macroscopic magnetization compatible with ferri- (or ferro-) and atiferro- magnetic ordering, respectively. Weak transverse field (wTF) Muon Spin Rotation (µSR) confirms the homogeneous bulk nature of magnetic ordering at the same two distinct transition temperatures. Zero Field (ZF) µSR shows that the Sb based material displays a broader distribution of internal field at the muon, in accordance with a larger deviation from the stoichiomectric composition and a higher degree of positional disorder (Mn at the Pn(6c) site), which however does not affect significantly the sharpness of the thermodynamic transition, as detected by the muon magnetic volume fraction and the observability of a critical divergence in the longitudinal and transverse muon relaxation rates.
The interaction between a positive muon and multiple quadrupolar nuclei
Authors: Bentley Nathan P , Blundell Stephen J
Published: March 2023

A positively charged muon implanted in copper sits at an octahedral interstitial site and experiences a magnetic dipolar coupling with six nearest-neighbour quadrupolar I = 3/2 copper nuclei. The resulting avoided level crossing resonance observed as a function of magnetic field provides a means of studying these interactions and understanding the effect of the electric-field gradient due to the muon acting on the quadrupolar nuclei. The effect is usually modelled by considering the interaction between the positive muon and a single copper nucleus, but the other five copper nuclei are equally important. By solving the problem in the full 2(2I + 1)6 = 8192-dimensional Hilbert space, we demonstrate the effect of these additional interactions.
Sodium Diffusion in Hard Carbon Studied by Small- and Wide-Angle Neutron Scattering and Muon Spin Relaxation
Authors: Ohishi Kazuki , Igarashi Daisuke , Tatara Ryoichi , Kawamura Yukihiko , Hiroi Kosuke , Suzuki Jun-ichi , Umegaki Izumi , Nishimura Shoichiro , Koda Akihiro , Komaba Shinichi , Sugiyama Jun
Published: March 2023

Hard carbon is the most common anode material for Na-ion battery. The structure of the hard carbon and the dynamics of Na-ion in hard carbon were studied with small- and wide-angle neutron scattering and muon spin relaxation technique. The neutron scattering revealed the increase of interlayer distance between graphenes and decrease of the size of nanopores with increasing sodium intercalation in hard carbon. The muon spin relaxation revealed that a systematic increase in the field fluctuation rate with increasing temperature evidenced a thermally activated sodium diffusion. Assuming the two-dimensional diffusion of Na-ion in the graphene layers, the self-diffusion coefficient of Na-ion was estimated to be 2.6 × 10−11 cm2/s at 310 K, with a thermal activation energy of 39(7) meV.
Comparison of the efficacy of different biodegradable membranes in guided bone/tissue regeneration: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Zili , Yun Jiahao , Li Jie , Chen Yimeng , Duan Tingting , Wang Liqiao , Han Jianmin , Jiang Heng Bo , Niu Guangliang
Published: March 2023

Guided bone/tissue regeneration (GBR/GTR) is commonly used in dental treatment. The desired bone/tissue regeneration is achieved by placing a barrier membrane over the defect to avoid the downward growth of faster-growing connective and epithelial tissue into the defect. This review aimed to evaluate osteogenic properties, degradation characteristics, and postoperative complications of eight biodegradable membranes in animal experiments, including non-crosslinked collagen membrane (NCCM), crosslinked collagen membrane (CCM), silk membrane (SM), polylactic-co-glycolic acid, polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol hydrogel, polycaprolactone (PCL), and magnesium alloys. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Wiley, Scopus and Google Scholar) were screened. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were made in duplicate. The SYRCLE assessment tool, CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research) tool and GRADE tool were used to grade the risk of bias and level of evidence. A total of 2512 articles were found in the electronic database. Finally, 94 articles were selected, of which 53 were meta-analyzed. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve showed the best results for new bone formation in the magnesium barrier membrane group, followed by SM, PCL, NCCM, and CCM. Qualitative analysis showed good biocompatibility for natural polymer membranes and a longer degradation time for synthetic polymer membranes. In addition, 34 studies all showed high bias risks, while other studies had unclear bias risks. Natural polymer membranes were more effective for bone regeneration and magnesium alloys were proved to be promising barrier materials that warrant future research.
3D printed hydrogel scaffold promotes the formation of hormone-active engineered parathyroid tissue
Authors: Gokyurek Mervesu , Guler Sumeyra , Gokyer Seyda , Yazihan Nuray , Akıncı Melih , Gülçelik Mehmet Ali , Yilmaz Kerim Bora , Yilgor Pinar
Published: March 2023

The parathyroid glands are localized at the back of the thyroid glands in the cervical region and are responsible for regulation of the calcium level in the blood, through specialized cells that sense Ca2+ and secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) in response to a decline in its serum level. PTH stimulates the skeleton, kidneys and intestines and controls the level of Ca2+ through specialized activities. Iatrogenic removal of the parathyroid gland, as well as damage to its vascular integrity during cauterization are some of the common complications of thyroid surgery. Therefore, regeneration and/or replacement of malfunctioning parathyroid tissue is required. Tissue engineering is an emerging and promising field for patients with organ failure with recent pioneering clinical applications. The success of tissue engineering strategy depends on the use of proper cells, bioactive factors that stimulate the activities of these cells and scaffolds that are produced to recapitulate the tissue structure and support the function of the engineered tissues. 3D printing is a developing strategy for the production of these scaffolds by providing a delicate control over their structure and properties. In this study, human primary parathyroid cells were successfully isolated and their viability and ability to secrete PTH upon stimulation with different levels of Ca2+ were shown in vitro. These cells were then seeded onto 3D printed alginate scaffolds and 3D bioprinted within alginate bioink, and cell viability as well as the ability to secrete PTH upon stimulation were also demonstrated. Therefore, functional hormone-active parathyroid tissue substitute was engineered in vitro through 3D printed hydrogels and autologous cells.
Nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen composite as scaffold material for bone regeneration
Authors: Kavitha Sri A , Arthi C , Neya N R , Hikku G S
Published: March 2023

Regenerative medicine is one of the applications of tissue engineering technology that has upsurged the hope of reforming defective organs, especially bones. Bone regeneration is a natural process but becomes complicated under trauma and disease conditions. Even though there are various conventional methods, the usage of scaffolds serves to be a promising technique where they act as the supporting material and the necessary nutrient factors are supplemented alongside, which facilitates the attachment and growth of cells over the scaffold’s surface. Human bone is mainly comprised of a hydroxyapatite (HA)/collagen complex. Recently, reports validated that the HA in the nano regime showed higher cell adherence and subsequent growth. Therefore, while using nano-HA/collagen complex as a scaffold material, the limitations of conventional routes of bone regeneration can be minimized. In this context, the present review focuses on the use and fabrication of nano-HA/collagen complex as a scaffold material for the bone regeneration process.
A possible deforestation-induced synoptic-scale circulation that delays the rainy season onset in Amazonia
Authors: Commar Luiz Felipe Sant’Anna , Abrahão Gabriel Medeiros , Costa Marcos Heil
Published: March 2023

The physical hydroclimate system of the Amazon functions on several spatial and temporal scales. Large-scale processes control the main seasonal patterns of atmospheric circulation and rainfall. Seasonal variability in solar forcing, associated with the low rainforest albedo, provides energy for continental heating, convection, and the onset of the South American monsoon. Mesoscale processes cause localized circulations such as river breeze and deforestation breeze. We assessed the impact of different deforestation scenarios for the mid-century last decade rainy season. Here we describe a yet unreported synoptic-scale circulation that delays the rainy season onset in southern Amazonia. This model-predicted circulation is driven by extensive (ca. 40%) deforestation patterns and may last as long as two months. This persistent anomalous circulation may result in a rainy season onset delay of 30–40 d compared to the historical period. Like other synoptic-scale phenomena, differences in surface heating drive this circulation. Given the unabated deforestation trends, the consequences for local ecosystems, agriculture, and power generation of delayed rainy season onset associated with this circulation may be difficult to revert.
A review on isoprene in human breath
Authors: Mochalski P , King J , Mayhew C A , Unterkofler K
Published: March 2023

We summarize the history and review the literature on isoprene in exhaled breath and discuss the current evidence and models that describe its endogenous origin and consequence for understanding isoprene levels and their variations in exhaled breath.
Maintenance process for the joint seismic-and-electromagnetic monitoring in low-ambient noise areas: the seismic gradient system
Authors: Nepeina K S , Rybin A K , Kaznacheev P A
Published: March 2023

The project of the joint seismic-and-electromagnetic monitoring in low-ambient noise areas is aimed at studying the phenomena associated with the deformation of the Earth’s crust. The arrangements set of the geophysical monitoring in low-ambient noise areas is proposed. The paper describes in detail the technological scheme being of monitoring of the modern geodynamic activity with a magnetotelluric soundings method and a small seismic array presented as the seismic gradient system (SGS). Technical explanations, safety rules, equipment calibration and maintenance, and the technological schemes of the method of obtaining and archiving data are given. Maintenance procedures using SGS with geophones in Tien Shan to determine the endogenous component of the seismic field are described. We investigate a common workflow chart for SGS and main programs for the data caption and data processing. The proposed scheme has been tested and requires the application and adoption to the passive geophysical monitoring routine.
Intelligent control System wide-reach Sprinklers circular action
Authors: Zhuravleva L A
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the introduction of intelligent control systems for agricultural machinery in the modern world is increasing every year due to the development of more and more global projects in the field of automation and robotics. The purpose of the research was to develop algorithmic software for an intelligent control system for wide-reach sprinkler machines for autonomous operation in the implementation of environmentally safe, high-quality irrigation. The article considers the possibility of matching the irrigation norm issued by the machine to the level of moisture reserves of the field for circular-acting machines, reducing the environmental load on the soil and preserving fertility. The use of an intelligent control system with the proposed algorithm of operation will improve the quality and environmental safety of irrigation, as well as ensure resource savings, in particular irrigation water savings.
Modeling the yield forecast for winter wheat based on the NDVI index
Authors: Ivanov A B , Petukhov D A
Published: March 2023

The article considers several approaches to forecasting the yield of winter wheat, based on the measurement of the NDVI index by satellite remote sensing. The result of a study of four regression models that make it possible to predict the yield of winter wheat is presented.
Biodiversity of the microbiome as an indicator of phytomeliorative soil transformation
Authors: Riksen V S , Korobova L N
Published: March 2023

40% of the territory of Western Siberia is occupied by solonetzes, used mainly for growing forage grasses. The phytomeliorative effect of yellow sweet clover (cultivated in crop rotation at the Siberian Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnologies (SFSCA) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) for 31 years), as well as post crop rotation grassing with a mixture of brome and alfalfa (the mixture was sown after twenty years of crop rotation) on the microflora of medium solonetz was studied. It is shown that the cultivation of phytomeliorants has led to an increase in the representation of classes and orders of bacteria in the microbiome of the medium solonetz, associated with nitrogen fixation and mineralization activity of the soil in relation to nitrogen-containing substances. In the post crop rotation grassing variant, a low bacterization of the soil with Verrucomicrobia and a high, as in virgin soil, Acidobacteria were found.
Fish fauna of North European Russia’s water ecosystems affected by artificially-induced pollution
Authors: Ilmast N V , Sterligova O P
Published: March 2023

The composition of the fish population of three water bodies in the Kenti River system (White Sea basin), polluted by waste from a mining concentration plant, was analyzed. Only four out of 12 fish species of the Kenti River system (pike, burbot, bleak and roach) occur in all the water bodies studied. The fish population is dominated by roach. Smelt and dace were shown to be most sensitive to industrial waste. The closer to the source of pollution, the smaller the number of fish species in the lake. The impoverishment of the fish fauna is largely due to its (alkaline) habitat and the loss of spawning and growing conditions for juveniles (small areas occupied by aquatic vegetation).
Probabilistic assessment of water quality by total hardness
Authors: Yalaletdinova A V , Malkova M A , Vozhdaeva Y S , Kantor E A
Published: March 2023

Monitoring of the total water hardness in the river was carried out by means of mathematical modeling and statistical processing. The distribution laws of the total hardness are found separately for each month, which more accurately reflects the impact on the seasonality index. It is determined that the obtained empirical distribution functions of the indicator do not correspond to normal and log-normal distributions, but are quite accurately described by polynomials, which is confirmed by Kolmogorov’s goodness-of-fit criterion. The resulting distribution functions of the total hardness of water make it possible to predict the probabilities that the indicator will take certain values.
Dynamics of landslide processes within the Borisov Plateau of the East Manchurian Highlands
Authors: Kvashuk S V , Bogdanov A I , Trapeznikov V S
Published: March 2023

The activation of unfavorable exogenous processes within the Borisov Plateau of the East Manchurian Highlands (landslides, which are the leading ones in the area, karst processes, ravine formations, etc.) is determined by the specific geological structure of the territory, in which eluvial-deluvial formations of the Quaternary age participate in the upper part of the section. They intensively change their physical and mechanical properties when moistened in a typical coastal climate, which causes unfavorable processes and phenomena that lead to deformations of artificial structures and subgrade. The currently used standard and innovative anti-landslide protection structures do not give a positive effect due to the deep bedrock. Recommendations are given for the development of anti-landslide measures.
A method for calculating the volume of an intermediate storage tank in storm sewer systems for management and treatment
Authors: Gudkov A G , Pavlov M V , Karpov D F
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to clarify and supplement the methodology given in the current regulatory and methodological framework for the purpose of engineering calculation of the storm flow management scheme for sewage treatment plants. The flow control scheme, including an intermediate tank, a pumping station and a separation chamber, is analyzed by mathematical modeling using a computer algebra system. Changes are proposed in the calculation formula for determining the volume of storage tank for the scheme of emptying the tank by pumps, taking into account all types of separation chambers. The dependence is established and graphs are shown showing the effect on the volume of the tank of the coefficient, which takes into account the variability of the flow diverted by the separation chamber into the collector.
Choice of method for determining the concentration and fractional composition of dust and gas flow
Authors: Lepikhova V A , Lyashenko N V , Yakovenko E A , Vyaltsev A V , Yu Ryabous A
Published: March 2023

The presence of industrial dust in concentrations exceeding the MPC leads to environmental pollution and threatens environmental safety. The article presents a method for determining the concentration and fractional composition of the dust and gas flow. The essence of the described method lies in the registration and analysis of vibroacoustic signals that occur due to vibrations of parts of the measuring system. The principle of operation of the system is based on the transmission of shock acts of oscillation generation along a chain that includes dust particles, a boundary layer, a dust pipeline wall, and, finally, a piezoceramic sensor of the system. The disperse composition of dust can be determined by two mathematical models (Fourier polynomials) - one reflects the energy spectrum, the other - the amplitude-phase. These polynomials are obtained by applying the Laplace transform to the signal and actually reveal the physical meaning of the process of formation of harmonics in the frequency subspectra. The processing of an acoustic signal on a computer by a fast discrete Fourier transform leads to an accurate description and calculation of the amplitude-frequency spectrum in real time. The main task is to isolate the frequency subspectra, consisting of the main and timbre harmonics for dust monofractions. The method of static moments is used to refine and form the frequency package of the main harmonics. The implementation of the method is carried out on a laboratory stand during the transfer of a dust-gas flow with pure monofractions and with a stepwise increase in concentration, the amplitudes of the main and timbre harmonics increase, which forms the frequency subspectrum of the analyzed dust monofraction. For further analysis and processing of AS spectra, a block diagram of an algorithm for determining the fractional composition of a moving dust and gas flow has been developed.
Hogweed Sosnowski as a useful plant for the production of bioethanol
Authors: Mezentsev Sergei Dmitrievich
Published: March 2023

The article explores the history of breeding hogweed Sosnovsky “Severyanin”, its cultivation for preparing silage and feeding cattle in the Soviet Union, the reasons for the refusal to grow it and its rapid spread in many regions of Russia, its capture of free spaces and the displacement of other plants. The scale of advancement of cow parsnip has become threatening in the European part of the country. As a result, it was deleted from the Russian State Register of Breeding Achievements and classified as a weed. The article emphasizes that an active fight against wild-growing hogweed is currently being carried out using various methods and means. But it does not give significant results. Since the measures taken to eradicate the hogweed turned out to be untenable, the question arises: what to do with Sosnowsky’s hogweed? The article proposes to solve this problem by cultivating it, mowing it and producing biofuel from it. The potential of hogweed as a useful plant is revealed, the technological scheme of its processing is given. The most important requirement is the creation of a closed, environmentally friendly production in order to prevent the uncontrolled spread of hogweed and protect people from skin burns caused by oils contained in it. The article formulates the tasks that consist in using Sosnowsky’s hogweed in solving the energy problem.
Methodology of a comprehensive risk assessment of the degree of geodynamic hazard of the state of the Earth’s crust block during the development of coal deposits
Authors: Solovitskiy A N
Published: March 2023

Geodynamic risks were studied during the development of coal deposits in the Russian Federation at the end of the last century, due to the difficulties in implementing green energy. The main directions of their development are established, their sectorial focus is noted, and a new methodological approach is proposed. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to develop a methodology for assessing the risk of geodynamic hazard of the earth’s crust block state in the areas of coal deposits’ development in the Russian Federation in order to ensure safety, which is a complex scientific task. The proposed risk assessment methodology includes an integrated approach taking into account geodynamic zoning, monitoring and industrial safety. The proposed risk assessment methodology includes a systematic approach, taking into account geodynamic zoning, monitoring and industrial safety. The practical use of the implementation of the proposed methodology is to expand the use of digital technologies for collecting information, as well as to gain new knowledge about the impact of geodynamic processes on safety and sustainable development of territories