Communication and swallowing training of stroke‐specialized health professionals using transdisciplinary knowledge in a patient–actor scenario: A case report
Authors: Coelho de Matos Maria da Assunção , Pinheiro Ana Rita , da Costa Isabel Maria Monteiro , Alvarelhão Joaquim 
Published: October 2023

Background

Most people with stroke exhibit a variety of impairments that need to be addressed by a multidisciplinary team. Communication and swallowing disorders are common and should be screened very early. To guarantee a patient‐centred approach, all patients, even those with speech and language disorders, must be actively engaged in the healthcare process. Effective communication is essential to success in many of the needed interventions. However, healthcare professionals often do not receive formal training in communicating with these patients, thus increasing the risk of preventable adverse events.

Aims

To describe the design, implementation and evaluation of a post‐acute stroke multidisciplinary team training using patient actors in a simulation approach.

Methods & Procedures

A 2‐day course focused on the transdisciplinary knowledge related to communication and swallowing that all members of the multidisciplinary stroke team should acquire was implemented. A case‐based learning methodology used simulation and resorting to patients’ actors. Learning outcomes were evaluated by comparing the results obtained in two knowledge tests, one for each topic, which participants performed before and after each day course. Reaction to the training was gathered concerning the content, teacher quality and course organization. The follow‐up was performed 6 months later to assess training skills transfer to the workplace environment.

Outcomes & Results

All the participants considered that the programme objectives were relevant or truly relevant and revealed that the programme's dynamic, rhythm and scenarios set were excellent. After the end of the programme, both communication and swallowing knowledge increased. Most participants had the opportunity to employ the acquired training skills in their work environment. The main barriers identified to implementing these skills were the ‘need for additional training’, the ‘lack of time’ or ‘the lack of opportunities’.

Conclusions & Implications

Simulation is a central method to increase and improve health professionals’ skills when intervening with stroke patients. Using simulation with patient actors allows flexibility and diversification of clinical situations under analysis, which can provide a multiplier effect of reflection and learning. The implemented training achieved its objectives.

WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS

What is already known on this subject

Simulation in the training of health professionals is increasingly used as a good practice, allowing the recreation of scenarios identical to those in the context of professional practice. This strategy is used not only in initial training but also for the development of advanced skills.

What this study adds to the existing knowledge

This study reports the use of simulation using actor patients for the development of transdisciplinary skills in the topics of communication and swallowing in people with stroke

What are the clinical and practical implications of this work?

The study demonstrates that in a short period of training, the use of simulation with actor patients favours the development of transdisciplinary skills in the topics of communication and swallowing in people with stroke. At the same time, the skills developed are transferable to professional practice.