bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Accounting Information System for Cash Receipts and Disbursements to Improve Internal Control
Authors: Agustin Ririn Silvia , Rahayu Duwi
Published: December 2022

This research uses descriptive qualitative method with primary and secondary data sources. Sources of data obtained through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study stated that the application of accounting information systems at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 reinforcement had used a system designed by the school itself, this system was called SIA SMAMUGA. The cash receipt system at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Reinforcement comes from cash receipts and transfers. The procedure for implementing the cash receipt system has been going well, the staff just needs to log in through the application and then input data according to the receipt. The cash disbursement system at SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Tulangan comes from cash disbursements, transfers and checks. The procedure for implementing the cash disbursement system has been going well, the staff just needs to log in through the application and then input the data according to the receipt, this makes it easier to check the data that has been inputted and stored in the system. This system facilitates financial work, especially in cash disbursement. The element of internal control in the application of the cash receipts accounting information system was found to have several weaknesses including the presence of other empty sections so that there were still holding concurrent positions, namely the treasurer who doubled as cash receipts administration staff. The element of control in the application of the accounting information system for cash receipts and disbursements also has weaknesses, namely lack of supervision from the principal.
A Case Study Quantifying the Influence of Parent Wells on Children Wells in the Northern Midland Basin
Authors: Salts Gregory F. , Fernandes Roland A. , Li Huina , Alonzo Christopher J.
Published: December 2022

The phenomenon of child wells’ Estimated Ultimate Recovery (EUR) underperformance relative to that of parent wells has been well documented in industry papers and investor presentations for several years. The exact mechanisms for the differential performance between parent and child wells are difficult to resolve due to the large number of variables involved. In this case study, we share an engineering analysis on a large and consistent data set and summarize key drivers and learnings from the parent-child relationship.

A fit-for-purpose parent-child classification system was developed to consistently characterize wells as parents or children based on their spatial and development timing characteristics. A geospatial algorithm was then implemented to calculate depletion volumes around child wells prior to the start of the child well production. The results were then analyzed using a statistical approach to identify the key drivers of well performance.

The analysis yielded learnings on the relationship between cumulative oil production and variables reflecting parent-well impact. Studying this relationship led to identification of optimal timing for infill development based on depletion volumes. Additionally, we observed that long-term production performance can be reasonably inferred based on secondary performance indicators including early time GOR and Initial Pump Intake Pressure.

This case study is based on a uniquely consistent data set with a large well count in a highly developed, contiguous area. These wells were drilled at similar spacing, completed with similar fracture intensities and produced by the same artificial lift methods. Because the data set is consistent, the key drivers to child well performance, including depletion and well spacing are evident and quantifiable. All of these characteristics make for a high-quality statistical analysis and provide key learnings and rules of thumb to apply in developing future wells with the goal of improving well performance and economic results.
Results from a Collaborative Parent/Child Industry Study: Permian Basin
Authors: McClure Mark , Albrecht Magdalene , Bernet Carl , Etcheverry Kenneth , Fuhr Aaron , Gherabati Amin , Molina Claudia , Ponners Christopher , Ratcliff Dave , Rondon Janz , Sinha Rohit , Sung Anthony , Xu Jian
Published: December 2022

This paper summarizes results from a collaborative industry study involving seven operators and ten pad-scale datasets across four different shale plays (Delaware, Midland, Bakken, and Montney). This paper specifically focuses on a subset of the datasets from the Midland and Delaware Basins. The project had three main objectives: (a) compare/contrast observations between datasets and basins, (b) develop general insights into parent/child interactions and techniques for mitigating impact, and (c) provide customized economic optimization recommendations for each individual operator and dataset. Each dataset was a high quality ‘science pad,’ involving a full suite of high-quality diagnostics. For each dataset, the observations were synthesized into lists of ‘key observations’ that describe key properties, such as: (a) fracture length and height, (b) productive/drained length and height, (c) GOR, water cut, and RTA trends, (d) production allocations by layer, (e) parent well response to the frac hits, (f) relative performance of the wells, and (g) perforation efficiency and erosion. Next, using an integrated hydraulic fracturing and reservoir simulator, numerical models were constructed to match the key observations of each dataset. The history matching process involved varying formation properties such as permeability, relative permeability, and fracture toughness. After all the models were calibrated, a set of roughly 120 sensitivity analysis simulations was performed on each model. The results were interrogated to identify trends – similarities and differences between the datasets – and to explain ‘what happened and why.’ Finally, the calibrated models were utilized by an automated economic optimization algorithm to provide recommendations for future operations. The simulations do not reveal a ‘silver bullet’ for avoiding parent/child effects. However, they do identify specific changes that could improve performance. Economic performance can be optimized with customized selection of well spacing, job size, and landing depth, based on each company's objectives and price-deck.
Unmasking the Tissue-Resident Eukaryotic DNA Virome in Humans
Authors: Pyöriä Lari , Pratas Diogo , Toppinen Mari , Hedman Klaus , Sajantila Antti , Perdomo Maria F.
Published: December 2022

Background

Little is known on the landscape of viruses that have taken residence within our cells, nor on the interplay with the host imperative for their persistence. Yet, a lifetime of interactions conceivably have an imprint on our physiology and immune phenotype. Importantly, current metagenomics-insights on the healthy human virome are derived from bodily fluids, which are only a proxy of the true prevalence of human eukaryotic viruses within tissues. Most significantly, the virome’s systemic composition in an individual has thus far remained uncharted.

Results

In this work, we revealed the genetic make-up of the eukaryotic human DNA virome in the body and showed that each organ (colon, liver, lung, heart, brain, kidney, skin, blood, hair) has unique viral compositions. By integration of quantitative (qPCR) and qualitative (hybrid-capture sequencing) analysis, we identified the DNAs of 17 viruses, primarily herpes-,
parvo-, papilloma- and anello-viruses (>80% prevalence), typically persisting in low copies (mean 540 copies/ million cells). The within-sample diversities (a-diversity) were highest in the lung, liver, colon, and kidney. We assembled in total 70 viral genomes (>90% breadth coverage), distinct in each of the individuals, and identified high sequence homology across the organs. Moreover, we detected variations in virome composition and distribution in two individuals with underlying malignant conditions.

Conclusions

Our findings reveal unprecedented prevalences of viral DNAs in human organs. We showed that bodily fluids, although accessible to sampling, fail to deliver a comprehensive view of the numerous intracellular viruses colonizing our tissues. Our data demonstrate how a multi-organ approach is essential for analyzing differing virome compositions in various disease states. This atlas provides a fundamental ground for the studies of correlates to disease, and for the interpretation of next-generation sequencing data in clinical virology. Ultimately, our findings call for investigation of the crosstalk between human DNA viruses, the host, and other microbes, as it predictably has a significant impact on our health.
Virtual family-centered rounds: Adapting inpatient care during COVID-19
Authors: Buba Melanie , Dulude Catherine , O'Donnell Roisin , Rowan-Legg Anne , Sloan Megan , Nelson Matthew , King W. James
Published: December 2022

Background:
Family-centered rounds (FCR) are fundamental to pediatric inpatient care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we aimed to design and implement a virtual family-centered rounds (vFCR) process that allowed continuation of inpatient rounds while following physical distancing guidelines and preserving personal protective equipment (PPE).
Methods:
A multidisciplinary team developed the vFCR process using a participatory design approach. From April through July 2020, quality improvement methods were used to iteratively evaluate and improve the process. Outcome measures included satisfaction, perceived effectiveness, and perceived usefulness of vFCR. Data were collected via questionnaire distributed to patients, families, staff and medical staff, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Virtual auditors monitored time per patient round and transition time between patients as balancing measures.
Results:
Seventy-four percent (51/69) of health care providers surveyed and 79% (26/33) of patients and families were satisfied or very satisfied with vFCR. Eighty eight percent (61/69) of health care providers and 88% (29/33) of patients and families felt vFCR were useful. Audits revealed an average vFCR duration of 8.4 min (SD=3.9) for a single patient round and transition time between patients averaged 2.9 min (SD=2.6).
Conclusion:
Virtual family-centered rounds are an acceptable alternative to in-person FCR in a pandemic scenario, yielding high levels of stakeholder satisfaction and support. We believe vFCR are a useful method to support inpatient rounds, physical distancing, and preservation of PPE that may also be valuable beyond the pandemic. A rigorous process evaluation of vFCR is underway.
Psychosocial functioning in individuals with advanced oesophago-gastric cancer: a mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Ghiglieri Cara , Dempster Martin , Wright Sam , Graham-Wisener Lisa
Published: December 2022

Background
Oesophago-gastric cancer is an aggressive disease with a high rate of recurrence and mortality across the disease trajectory. Reduced psychosocial functioning has been evidenced amongst those with advanced disease, however little is known about the contributing factors. Determining these factors is an important clinical consideration to inform assessment and intervention. This review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the psychosocial functioning of individuals with advanced oesophago-gastric cancer and their carers.
Methods
A JBI mixed-methods systematic review. Four bibliographic databases, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, were searched. Quantitative and qualitative studies were screened for inclusion and critically appraised for methodological quality. Both types of data were extracted using JBI tools for mixed-methods systematic reviews. A convergent segregated approach to synthesis and integration was used. The findings of the synthesis have been configured according to JBI methodology.
Results
A total of 12 studies were included in this review, including 6 quantitative studies and 6 qualitative studies. The quantitative results provide preliminary indication of several physical, biological, psychological and macro-level contextual factors associated with psychosocial functioning in this clinical population. The qualitative findings shed light on a range of physical, psychosocial, and existential challenges faced by advanced oesophago-gastric cancer patients. These multiple and often persistent challenges appear to cause considerable distress; however, patients describe the importance of maintaining a sense of normality and control over their illness and its effects. Patients value continuity and structure, however many report shortcomings when accessing care. No findings reporting the experiences from the perspective of carers were found, therefore all findings represent the perspective of the patient.
Conclusions
Further high-quality research is needed to understand how best to support and manage the palliative care needs of individuals living with advanced oesophago-gastric cancer. Implications for practice are discussed, suggesting that psychosocial interventions, complex symptom management and continuity of care could improve the psychosocial functioning of individuals in this setting.
Pre-registration
The systematic review was pre-registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020181273) and the protocol can be viewed on the OSF (http://osf.io/exuzf)
Comparative Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention (M-Body) on Depressive Symptoms: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial in a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC)
Authors: Burnett-Zeigler Inger , Zhou Elayne , Martinez Jennifer H. , Zumpf Katelyn , Lartey Lynette , Moskowitz Judith T. , Wisner Katherine L. , McDade Thomas , Brown C. Hendricks , Gollan Jacqueline , Ciolino Jody D. , Schauer Jacob M. , Petito Lucia C.
Published: December 2022

Background.
Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to improve psychological outcomes including stress, anxiety and depression in general population studies. However, effectiveness has not been sufficiently examined in racially and ethnically diverse community based settings. We will evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a mindfulness-based intervention on depressive symptoms among predominantly Black women at a Federally Qualified Health Center in a metropolitan city.
Methods.
In this 2-armed, stratified, individually-randomized group-treated controlled trial, 274 English-speaking participants with depressive symptoms ages 18–65 years old will be randomly assigned to (1) eight weekly, 90-minute group sessions of a mindfulness-based intervention (M-Body), or (2) enhanced usual care. Exclusion criteria include suicidal ideation in 30 days prior to enrollment and regular (> 4x/week) meditation practice. Study metrics will be assessed at baseline, and 2, 4, and 6 months after baseline, through clinical interviews, self-report surveys, and stress biomarker data including blood pressure, heart rate, and stress related biomarkers. The primary study outcome is depressive symptom score after 6 months.
Discussion.
If M-Body is found to be an effective intervention for adults with depressive symptoms, this accessible, scalable treatment will widely increase access to mental health treatment in underserved, racial/ethnic minority communities.
Trial Registration.
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03620721. Registered on 8, August, 2018.
Bamboo rice: the potential for natural iron and zinc biofortification
Authors: Shao Ji Feng , Hu Qifang , Wang Rong , Hu Lin , Chen Rong , Yu Xuejun
Published: December 2022

Moso bamboo has been shown to accumulate high concentrations of iron and zinc in the seeds. However, the bioavailablity of iron and zinc in bamboo seeds is poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iron and zinc in bamboo seeds using an in vitro digestion protocol. The bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iron in bamboo seeds were 1.6- and 1.7-fold higher than in rice, respectively, and the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of zinc in bamboo seeds were 1.9- and 2.6-fold higher than in rice, respectively. Boiling process reduced both the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iron and zinc. In addition, bamboo seeds contained lower levels of phytic acid but higher levels of tannins. Iron and zinc were mainly concentrated in the embryo and the aleurone layer. These results suggested that Moso bamboo seeds are rich in iron and zinc and have potential as a food for iron and zinc biofortification.
Risk factors associated with acute kidney injury in a cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Contreras Kateir , Barbosa Oscar , Muñoz Ana Cecilia , Suárez Juan Sebastián , González Camilo A , Vargas Diana Carolina , Rodríguez Patricia , García Paola , Valderrama Carolina , Cortés Jorge Alberto
Published: December 2022

Background: Patients with COVID-19 have a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with mortality. The objective of the study was to determine the factors associated with AKI in patients with COVID-19.
Methodology: A retrospective cohort was established in two university hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia. Adults hospitalized for more than 48 hours from March 6, 2020, to March 31, 2021, with confirmed COVID-19 were included. The main outcome was the incidence of AKI during the 28 days following hospital admission.
Results: A total of 1584 patients were included: 60.4% were men, 738 (46.5%) developed AKI, 23.6% were classified as KDIGO 3, and 11.1% had renal replacement therapy. The risk factors for developing AKI during hospitalization were male sex (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.73-2.99), age older than 65 years (1.02, 1.01-1.03), HTN (OR 6.16, 1.98-19.2), the use of vancomycin (1.59, 1.06-2.39), piperacillin/tazobactam (OR 1.65, 1.19-2.28), and vasopressor support (2.36, 1.51-3.69). The gross hospital mortality for AKI was 45.5% versus 11.7% without AKI.
Conclusions: This cohort showed that male sex, age, history of hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD), presentation with elevated qSOFA, in-hospital use of nephrotoxic drugs and the requirement for vasopressor support were the main risk factors for developing AKI in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Targeted DNA demethylation of the ZNF334 promoter inhibits colorectal cancer growth
Authors: Yang Bin , Tang Haiyu , Wang Nan , Gu Jian , Wang Qin
Published: December 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Aberrant regulation of DNA methylation in promoters of tumor suppressor genes or proto-oncogenes is one of the fundamental processes driving the initiation and progression of CRC. Zinc-finger proteins (ZNFs) are one of the most abundant groups of proteins and function in many important biological processes related to tumorigenesis. Herein, we detected abnormal hypermethylation of the ZNF334 gene in CRC tissues compared with normal tissues, and this modification downregulated the expression of ZNF334. Furthermore, ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) was identified to be involved in regulating the methylation level of ZNF334. Next, a dCas9-multiGCN4/scFv-TET1CD-sgZNF334-targeted demethylation system was constructed to reverse the expression of ZNF334 through sgRNA targeting the ZNF334 promoter. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the targeted demethylation system upregulated ZNF334 expression and inhibited CRC growth. Collectively, targeted DNA demethylation of the ZNF334 promoter sheds light on the precise treatment of CRC.
Bayesian Spatial Modeling of Childhood Overweight and Obesity Prevalence in Costa Rica
Authors: Gómez Mario J. , Barboza Luis A. , Vásquez Paola , Moraga Paula
Published: December 2022

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity levels are rising and becoming a concern globally. In Costa Rica, the prevalence of these conditions has reached alarming levels. Spatial analyses showing geographical patterns and risk factors are required to develop tailored and effective public health actions.
Methods: A Bayesian spatial mixed model was built to understand the geographic patterns of childhood overweight and obesity prevalence in Costa Rica and their association with some socioeconomic factors. Data was obtained from the 2016 Weight and Size Census (school age children) and 2011 National Census.
Results: Average years of schooling increase the levels of overweight and obesity until reaching an approximate value of 8, then, they start to decrease. Besides, for every 10-point increment in the percentage of homes with difficulties to cover their basic needs and in the percentage of population under 14 years old, there is a decrease of 8 and 15 points, respectively, in the odds of obesity.Spatial patterns show higher values of prevalence in the center area of the country, touristic destinations, head of province districts and in the borders with Panama.
Conclutions: Especially for childhood obesity, the average years of schooling is a non-linear factor, describing a Kuznets curve phenomenon. Lower percentages of households in poverty and population under 14 years old are slightly associated with higher levels of obesity. Districts with high commercial and touristic activity present higher risk of prevalence.
Assessing Coastal Vulnerability Index using the geospatial technique for the coast of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Abijith Devanantham , Saravanan Subbarayan , Sundar Parthasarathy Kulithalai Shiyam
Published: December 2022

The objective of this study is to develop a spatial coastal vulnerability index (CVI) map for the Tamil Nadu (TN) coast of India. TN has a diversity of coastal and marine environments, which are ecologically fragile zones. Climate change is expected to increase the intensity and frequency of severe coastal hazards, such as those brought on by rising sea levels, cyclones, storm surges, tsunamis, erosion, and accretion, which will have a severe impact on the local environmental and socioeconomic conditions. This research employed expert knowledge as well as weights and scores from the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to create vulnerability maps includes the integration of various parameters such as geomorphology, Land use and Land Cover (LULC), Significant Wave Height (SWH), Sea Level Rise (SLR), Shoreline Change (SLC), Bathymetry, Elevation and coastal inundation. Based on the results very low 17.26%, low 30.77%, Moderate 23.46%, high 18.20% and very high 10.28%. The several locations tend to be high and very high due to coastal structures and land-use patterns, but few are high because of geomorphological features. This study establishes a framework for decision-makers to implement climate change adaptation and mitigation actions in coastal zones.
Anomaly detection from images in pipes using GAN
Authors: Yumoto Shigeki , Kitukawa Takumi , Moro Alessandro , Pathak Sarthak , Nakamura Taro , Umeda Kazunori
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the number of pipes that have exceeded their service life is increasing. Therefore, earthworm-type robots equipped with cameras have been developed to perform regularly inspections of sewage pipes. However, inspection methods have not yet been established. This paper proposes a method for anomaly detection from images in pipes using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). A model that combines f-AnoGAN and Lightweight GAN is used to detect anomalies by taking the difference between input images and generated images. Since the GANs are only trained with non-defective images, they are able to convert an image containing defects into one without them. Subtraction images is used to estimate the location of anomalies. Experiments were conducted using actual images of cast iron pipes to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Also validated using sewer-ml, a public dataset.
Risk factors for COVID-19 infection in a longitudinal statewide seroepidemiology cohort
Authors: McQuade Elizabeth T.R. , Becker Lea , Stroup Suzanne E. , Khan Fauzia , Shah Bhruga , Brush John , Goldsmith Gay , Mullin Rebecca , Guilliams Danielle , deFilippi Christopher , Barackman Kathleen , Mohr Andrea B. , Farrell Francis , Bearman Gonzalo , Peake Lilian , Houpt Eric R.
Published: December 2022

Background: Virginia is a large state in the USA, yet it remains unclear what percentage of the population has had natural COVID-19 infection and whether risk factors for infection have changed over time.
Methods: Using a longitudinal cohort, from December 2021-July 2021 we performed follow up serology and a questionnaire on 784 individuals from across Virginia who had previously participated in a statewide COVID-19 seroepidemiology study in 2020. Children were also invited to participate and an additional 62 children also completed the study. Serology was performed using Roche nucleocapsid and spike serological assays.
Results: The majority of participants were white (78.6%), over 50 years old (60.9%), and reported having received COVID-19 vaccine (93.4%). 28.6% had evidence of prior COVID-19 infection (nucleocapsid positive). Approximately 25-53% of COVID-19 infections were asymptomatic. Infection rates were lower in individuals >60 years old and were higher in Blacks and Hispanics. Infection rates were also higher in those without health insurance, in those with greater numbers of household children, and in those that reported a close contact or having undergone quarantine for COVID-19. Participants from Southwest Virginia had lower seropositivity (16.2%, 95% CI 6.5, 26.0) than other geographic regions. Boosted vaccinees had lower infection rates than non-boosted vaccinees. Frequenting indoor bars trended towards being a significant risk factor for infection, while frequently wearing an N95 mask trended towards protection. Infection rates were higher in children than adults (56.5% vs. 28.6%). Infection in the parent was a risk factor for child infection. Spike antibody levels declined with time since last vaccination, particularly in those that were vaccinated but not previously infected.
Conclusions: In this longitudinal statewide cohort we observed a lower than expected COVID-19 infection rate as of August 2022. Boosted vaccinees had lower infection rates. Children had higher infection rates and infections tracked within households. Previously identified demographic risk factors for infection tended to persist. Even after the omicron peak, a large number of Virginians remain uninfected with COVID-19, underscoring the need for ongoing vaccination strategies.
Laser pulse compression by a density gradient plasma for exawatt to zettawatt lasers
Authors: Hur MinSup , Ersfeld Bernhard , Lee Hyojeong , Kim Hyunseok , Rho Kyungmin , Lee Yunkyu , Song Hyung Seon , Kumar Manoj , Yoffe Samuel , Jaroszynski Dino , Suk Hyyong
Published: December 2022

We propose a new method of compressing laser pulses to ultra-high powers based on spatially varying dispersion of a plasma plume that has a density gradient. Here, compression is achieved when a long, negatively frequency-chirped laser pulse reflects off the density ramp of an over-dense plasma slab. As the density increases longitudinally, high frequency photons at the leading part of the laser pulse penetrate more deeply into the plasma region than lower frequency photons, leading to pulse compression in a similar way to that off a chirped mirror. Proof-of-principle simulations carried out using a one-dimensional (1-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation code demonstrate compression of 2.35 ps laser pulse to 10.3 fs, with a compression ratio of 225. As plasma is robust and resistant to damage at high intensities, unlike solid-state gratings commonly used in chirped-pulse amplification (CPA), the method could be used as a compressor to reach exawatt or zettawatt peak powers.
Why should we learn medicine?——A questionnaire survey based on 2338 medical freshmen in 3 local medical colleges
Authors: Zheng Yanan , Hu Die , Yin Mei
Published: December 2022

Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors with the willingness of desire to be doctors in medical freshmen from Chinese local medical colleges, and to provide references for the construction and improvement of courses, such as humanistic medicine courses and professional quality courses, for the formulation of the work plan of enrollment and employment departments, and student management.
Methods: In October 2021, 2338 freshmen majoring in clinical medicine from Gannan Medical College, Qiqihar Medical College, and Hunan University of Medicine were surveyed with the self-compiled questionnaire of medical freshmen's willingness to practice medicine and its influencing factors.
Results: In this sample, the medical freshmen had shown a high willingness with the desire to be doctors after graduation（58.04%）; the prevalence of willingness with the desire to be doctors after graduation among medical freshmen in urban areas（χ2=6.276， P=0.012） and medical staff in parents（χ2=10.154， P=0.001）was higher than that in rural areas and no medical staff in parents; The willingness of medical freshmen to practice medicine was affected by six factors: having medical staff in their parents (OR=1.630, P=0.001), thinking that doctors have high income (OR=2.878, P < 0.001), healing the wounded and rescuing the dying(OR=2.333, P < 0.001), and knowing the situation about resident physician normalized training policy in China (OR=1.430, P=0.001), teachers, relatives, and friends think medicine is a good major and suggest to study medicine (OR=0.480, P < 0.001) and COVID-19 (OR=1.561, P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The willingness of new medical students to practice medicine is affected by many factors and is different from the expectation. Medical colleges should take effective measures according to the influencing factors and enhance the effect of professional ideological education.
Proposal and application of indexes for dynamic evaluation of indoor humidity and thermal environment
Authors: HU JIALE , Wang Yingying , Wang Dengjia , Du Hu , Fan Jianhua , Liu Yanfeng , Sun Xin
Published: December 2022

Moisture sources release wet-components into and absorb from the indoor air, affecting the occupant health, air-conditioning energy-consumption, and building service-life. Considering the strong dynamic features of wet-component’s evaporation and diffusion, we propose indexes CRI(H)t and CRI(C)t, which can accurately describe dynamical effects of sources on the indoor-environment. Taking a humidifier as a source, we subsequently compare the indexes under various source-parameters and environmental conditions. The results show that according to the variation of CRI(H)t and CRI(C)t, the process of sources influencing humidity and temperature field can be subdivided into rapid-increase/stable-increase/stable stage and decrease/increase stage. The variability and time-ratio of indices can provide a comprehensive understanding of sources with various intensities and water-temperatures affecting the indoor environment at different atmospheric-pressures, temperatures, and humidity. This study will be beneficial for the establishment of transient indoor environmental models, regulation of air-conditioning systems, and sustainable control of indoor environment.
Emotion Regulation Skills Affect Working Memory Performance: a Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs) Study*
Authors: Kodak Rabia Nur , Yıldırım Erol
Published: December 2022

Emotion is a component of human psychology. Emotion regulation (ER) is called regulating the way that emotion is experienced and expressed. Emotion regulation can be done automatically and in a controlled manner. Working memory (WM) is an executive function necessary for the functionality of daily life. Working memory models are built on optimum emotional state. Previous studies have found that emotional state influences the WM. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of ER skill on WM. For this, a disturbing video was watched for emotional stimulation and with that, the difference between the 2-back pre-post tests and the 2-back performance was observed. ADFES-BIV was applied to measure the emotion regulation skills. The results show that the people with good ER have less impairment in WM than those with poor ER. The main hypothesis is supported by both behavioral data and neuroimaging results. During the working memory task, an hyperactivation was observed in the right/left dlPFC and mPFC regions of the group with high emotion recognition scores compared to the lower group. Furthermore, our results show that trait anxiety level is also related to the emotion regulation skills.
Initial Lactate Level Affects the Relationship between Early Lactate Measurement and mortality in Septic Patients: a Cohort Study Based on the eICU-CRD database
Authors: Chang Le , Lian Cheng , Chen Xinglin , Zhang Xiao-Ming
Published: December 2022

Background.
Previous studies have reported a negative association between early lactate measurement and mortality among septic patients with lactate levels > 2 mmol/L. However, this present association among septic patients with lactate less than 2mmol/L is unknown.
Methods.
This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the United States with 208 distinct ICUs. The original data were extracted from a public database (eICU Collaborative Research Database). Our study only focused on septic patients. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the association between the time of lactate measurement and 28-day mortality.
Results.
This study included 6334 participants (median [IQR] age, 67 [56–77] years; 3121 (49.3%) female) with the rate of 28-day mortality being 10.6% (671) after ICU admission. After full adjustment, logistic regression results found that the time to finish lactate measurement was associated with a higher risk of 28-day mortality among septic patients with lactate > 2 mmol/L (OR = 1.028 (95% CI, 1.004–1.053; P = 0.024). Similar results were observed among patients with lactate of 1–2 mmol/L (OR = 1.036,95%CI: 1.010–1.064; P = 0.007). In addition, for patients with remeasurement lactate > 2 mmol/L, the time to finish remeasurement of lactate was significantly associated with 28-day morality in the fully adjusted model (OR = 1.044; 95% CI, 1.016–1.073; P = 0.002.)
Conclusion.
Regardless of initial lactate 1–2 mmol/L or > 2 mmol/L, early lactate measurement could help to reduce the risk of 28-day mortality for septic patients. Repeating the measurement after the initial measurement is appropriate for patients whose remeasurement lactate was > 2 mmol/L. These findings need confirmation in other studies.
Stroke-like manifestation of a spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma with spontaneous resolution: A case report
Authors: Bi May Na Xue , Min Kathleen Khoo Swee
Published: December 2022

Background

This case reports presents the case of a man with no known coagulopathy or preceding trauma, who spontaneously developed a spinal epidural hematoma (SEH). This is an uncommon condition which can have variable presentations including hemiparesis mimicking stroke, resulting in the potential for misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.

Case presentation

A 28-year-old Chinese male with no past medical history presented with sudden onset neck pain associated with bilateral upper limbs and right lower limb subjective numbness but intact motor function. He was discharged after adequate pain relief but re-attended the emergency department with right hemiparesis. A magnetic resonance imaging of his spine revealed an acute cervical spinal epidural hematoma at C5 and C6. While admitted, he had spontaneous improvement of his neurological function and was eventually managed conservatively.

Conclusions

SEH, although uncommon, can be a mimic of stroke and it is important to avoid misdiagnosis as it is a time critical diagnosis, and administration of thrombolysis or antiplatelets can lead to unfavorable outcomes. Having a high clinical suspicion can help to guide us in the choice of imaging and interpretation of subtle signs to reach the correct diagnosis in a timely manner. Further research is required to better understand the factors that would favour a conservative approach as opposed to surgical treatment.
FK506 (Tacrolimus) can suppress the progression of colorectal cancer via the FKBP51 - NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Changliang , Xia Zhixiu , Cong Jinchun
Published: December 2022

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is very common and deadly tumors. FKBP51 was found had relateion to some cancers, but the role of FKBP51 in CRC is not clear. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between FKBP51 and CRC, and uncover the roles of FK506 to CRC.
Methods:
A total of 96 CRC patients were recruited. The expressions of FKBP51 in tumors and adjacent normal tissues was observed, and the relationship between the expression of FKBP51 and the prognosis of patients was analyzed by survival analysis and COX regression analyses. The mechanisms of FKBP51 and the roles of FK506 on CRC progression were clarified by immunohistochemistry, MTS, scratch assay, transwell and Flow cytometric analysis via in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Results:
FKBP51 was overexpressed in 77 cancer tissues compared to the matched normal tissues, and the overall survival (OS) rate of these patients was relatively shorter. The upregulation or downregulation of FKBP51 dramatically increased or decreased the abilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC cells. The expressions of NF-κB, IKKα, MMP-2, MMP-9 were positive related to FKBP51. FK506 can restrain the progression of CRC via FKBP51/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Conclusion:
Our study identified the regulatory role of FKBP51 in the progression of CRC. Targeting FKBP51 may provide novel treatment approaches for CRC. FK506 can inhibit the progression of CRC by restraining the FKBP51/NF-κB signaling pathway, and it is expected to become a new drug for the treatment of CRC.
The spirit of literature about the underlying problems facing patients’ health and rights caused by pharmaceutical businesses: A text mining based systematic review
Authors: Seddigh Mohammad Reza , Nourigheimasi Farnoush
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to discover the independent structures of pharmaceutical businesses that influence patients’ health and rightsin the literature review. As well as mechanisms of mistreatment.MethodologyThe method of this study is conducting literature review using textual mining with R. LDA as a three-level hierarchical Bayesian model was used in this essay.FindingsThis paper identified nine role players of the supply chain: suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, pharmacies, consumers, and patients (End user), physicians, insurance companies, governments and IT providers. The primary findings of literature were mechanisms of corruption, education and public awareness, insurance companies’ policies, pharmacies design and governments and relationship among governments. In a much deeper analysis this paper identified three independent root factors that are the major problems of the supply chain, including third party supported by government, governmental regulations and government supervised by the UN.OriginalityThis topic is a novel approach to identify the underline problems affecting patients’ health and rights. No study has conducted in-depth analysis on literature review to discover the hidden meaning of the authors.Paper type:Review Article
Long-term exposure of the red cherry shrimp Neocaridina davidi to diclofenac: impact on survival, growth, and reproductive potential
Authors: Zanitti Marina , Medesani Daniel A , Rodriguez Enrique M. , Greco Laura S López
Published: December 2022

The current study was aimed at studying the long-term effects of diclofenac on the freshwater shrimp Neocaridina davidi, concerning survival, somatic growth, and reproduction. To this study, both ovigerous females and males of this species were exposed for 63 d to 0 (control), 0.1, or 1 mg/L of diclofenac. At the highest concentration, significant mortality was detected, and the somatic growth of females was significantly decreased. The percentage of females with a second spawn, observable from day 45, significantly increased at 1 mg/L, while the time between spawns was significantly reduced at both concentrations assayed. However, the gonadal analysis made at the end of the assay in the surviving females showed a significantly lower proportion of advanced oocytes in females exposed to 1 mg/L, as compared to control. Concerning hatching, the percentage of ovigerous females that could have successful hatching was reduced at 1 mg/L of diclofenac, especially for the first spawn. For the second spawn, the number of juveniles hatched from females exposed to 1 mg/L was reduced compared to control; these juveniles also showed a significantly higher incidence of morphological abnormalities, such as hydropsy and underdeveloped appendages. Taken together, these results showed that even when diclofenac was able to produce earlier spawns, the reproductive output of each spawn was reduced. No differences in the spermatophore structure were seen in the distal vas deferens of surviving males.
Characterization of a novel mycotombus-like virus from the plant pathogenic fungus Phoma matteucciicola
Authors: Zhou Siyu , Chen Daipeng , Fu Yujia , Zhou Jingyi , Yang Yingqing , Xie Changping , Zheng Li
Published: December 2022

Here, we report a novel mycotombus-like mycovirus, tentatively named ‘Phoma matteucciicola RNA virus 2’ (PmRV2), derived from the phytopathogenic fungus Phoma matteucciicola strain HNQH1. The complete PmRV2 genome is comprised of 3,460 nucleotides (nts), a positive-sense single-stranded RNA (+ ssRNA) with a GC content of 56.71%. Sequence analysis of PmRV2 indicated the presence of two noncontiguous open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a hypothetical protein and a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively. PmRV2 contains a metal-binding ‘GDN’ triad in Motif C of RdRp while most + ssRNA mycoviruses contained a ‘GDD’ motif in the same region. Additionally, a BLASTp search showed that the RdRp amino acid sequence of PmRV2 was most closely related to the RdRp of Macrophomina phaseolina umbra-like virus 1 (50.72% identity) and Erysiphe necator umbra-like virus 2 (EnUlV2, 44.84% identity). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PmRV2 grouped together with EnUlV2 within the recently proposed family of ‘Mycotombusviridae’.
Selenium uptake, translocation, subcellular distribution and speciation in winter wheat in responses to phosphorus application combined with three kinds of selenium fertilizer
Authors: Hu Caixia , Liu Hongen , Shi Huazhong , Peng Hongyu , Li Guangxin , Li Chang , Nie Zhaojun
Published: December 2022

Background
Selenium (Se) deficiency caused a series of health disorders in human beings, and Se concentration in the edible parts of crops can be improved by altering exogenous Se species. However, the uptake, transport, subcellular distribution and metabolism of selenite, selenate and SeMet influenced by phosphorus (P) has not been well characterized.
Results
The resulted showed that increasing P supply enhanced photosynthesis and then increase the dry matter weight of shoots at selenite and SeMet, and appropriate P combined with selenite increased the dry matter weight of roots by enhancing root growth. At selenite, increasing P supply significantly decreased the concentration and accumulation of Se in roots and shoots. P1 decreased the Se migration coefficient, which could be attributed to the inhibited distribution of Se in root cell wall but increased distribution of Se in root soluble fraction, as well as the promoted proportion of SeMet and MeSeCys in roots. At selenate, P0.1 and P1 significantly increased the Se concentration and distribution in shoots and Se migration coefficient, which could be attributed to the enhanced proportion of Se(IV) in roots but decreased proportion of SeMet in roots. At SeMet, increasing P supply significantly decreased Se concentration in shoots and roots, but increased the proportion of SeCys in roots.
Conclusion
Compared with selenite or SeMet, appropriate P combined with selenite could promote plant growth, reduce Se uptake, alter Se subcellular distribution and speciation, and then affect the Se bioavailability in wheat.
Development of Toileting Behaviour Evaluation for Older Adults Using Wheelchairs: A Validation Study
Authors: Higashi Yasuhiro , Kaneda Toshikatsu , Yuri Yoshimi , Horimoto Takumi , Somei Yuta , Hirayama Kimiaki
Published: December 2022

Background
Ageing limits the activities of daily living (ADLs). Among ADLs, a lack of toileting independence causes a decline in the quality of life, mental health, and social participation. Studies have also shown that toileting dependence results in economic, mental, and physical burdens for not only patients but also their families and society. Therefore, occupational therapists spend considerable time assessing toileting disability based on various assessment methods. However, these methods are limited to stroke patients and have few grading levels and activity components for toileting. Therefore, they fail to evaluate toileting behaviour accurately and sensitively. Hence, this study developed a Toileting Behaviour Evaluation (TBE) on a 6-point ordinal scale for patients using wheelchairs, with 22 activity components for various diseases.
Methods
This study examined the reliability and validity of the TBE in acute and subacute hospitals in Japan. To this end, two occupational therapists assessed 50 patients for inter-rater reliability at different times and one assessed them twice within 7–10 days for intra-rater reliability using the TBE. Furthermore, one occupational therapist assessed 100 patients for internal consistency using the TBE and for concurrent validity using the TBE and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). The patients had been diagnosed with a stroke, musculoskeletal disease, or disuse syndrome.
Results
The minimum weighted kappa coefficients for the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability for each item were .67 and .79, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha was .98 for the 22 items. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between the mean scores on the TBE and FIM for toilet-related items was .74 (P < .01).
Conclusions
The TBE demonstrated good reliability and validity. This means that therapists can use it to identify impaired toileting behaviour. However, the relationship between impairments and each item of toileting behaviour should be explored in future studies. Additionally, studies should examine the creation of a specific index of functions of independence in each toileting behaviour.