bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Cough Etiquette Counseling among People with Presumptive and Confirmed Tuberculosis
Authors: Prihanti Gita Sekar , Julianto Nilam Rizki , Sasmita Aditya Hendra , Nurfahmi Aldi , Setyautami Annisa , Rosyida Debby , Muslimawaty Tiara , Fatmawati Nur’aini
Published: February 2021

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most severe global health problems. The World Health Organization recommends the application of and compliance with infection control measures, one of which is cough etiquette to prevent transmission of pathogenic droplets. Purpose: The aim of the current research was to determine the effectiveness of cough etiquette counseling on changes in the knowledge, behavior, and awareness of patients with confirmed and suspected TB at Public Health Center (PHC) of C in K city. Methods: This research was designed as a pre-experimental study and was conducted in July 2018. The target population of the research comprised TB patients who were being treated in PHC of C in K city. The inclusion criteria were patients at PHC of C in K city with confirmed TB recorded between January and June 2018 and those with suspected TB reported between May and June 2018. This research was analyze based on univariable and bivariable analysis using T-testing and Wilcoxon testing. Results: There were significant differences in knowledge changes before and after cough etiquette counseling (mean difference = 3.72; p < 0.00). There was a significant difference in behavior before and after counseling (mean difference = 1.12; p = 0.04). There was also a significant difference in awareness before and after counseling (mean difference = 5.89; p < 0.00). Conclusion: Changes in knowledge, behavior, and awareness were observed in confirmed and suspected TB patients after cough etiquette counseling.
Risk Factors of Needlestick and Sharp Injuries among Health Care Workers at Sanglah Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Atmaja I Komang Widarma , Wirawan I Made Ady , Suarjana I Ketut
Published: February 2021

Background: Needlestick and sharp injuries (NSIs) remain one of the main occupational hazards among health care workers (HCWs) that lead to blood-borne pathogen exposure. Purpose: This study examined the risk factors for NSIs among HCWs at a tertiary referral hospital in Bali. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, involving 171 HCWs, divided into 81 cases and 90 control subjects. The sample was selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Results: The majority of respondents had experienced NSIs once, in the morning shift, and had affected an individual’s hands. The most frequent activity leading to NSIs was giving an injection and most of the situations causing NSIs involved accidental self-action, and recapping needles. Factors associated with the incidence of NSIs were work career or experience of <5 years (p < 0.01; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=5.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.04–12.42), non-compliance with working procedures (p = 0.01; AOR = 2.47; 95%CI= 1.26–4.82), female HCWs (p = 0.03; AOR = 2.21; 95% CI = 1.01–4.55), and unsafe workplace conditions (p = 0.04; AOR = 2.23; 95% CI = 1.01–4.92). Conclusion: Personal and environmental factors such as gender, work experience, compliance with working procedures, and workplace conditions are among the risk factors for NSIs. Occupational health and safety policies and programs focusing on the relevant factors, accompanied by adequate supervision, are necessary to reduce the risk of NSIs occurring.
TÜRK KÜLTÜRÜNDE GÜVERCİNLİK VE KUŞ EVLERİ VE GÜNÜMÜZE YANSIMALARI
Authors: ÖZÇAKI Meltem
Published: February 2021

Farklı medeniyetlerde tarih boyunca kuşlara önem verilmiştir. Uçabildikleri için kutsal sayılmış ve değerli görülmüşlerdir. Toplumların sanat eserlerinde, bayraklarında ve paralarında yer almışlardır. Kuşlardan düzenli ve sistematik olarak besin ve gübre elde edilmesi için güvercinlikler meydana getirilmiştir. Örnekleri Osmanlı Dönemi yapılarında görülen kuş evleri ise sadece kuşların barınması için yapılmaları ile güvercinliklerden farklıdır. İnsanlara ait yapıların cephelerinde yer alırlar. Cami, konut, köşk ya da saray gibi gösterişli yapılara benzer şekilde gerçekleştirilenleri vardır. Türk Toplumu’nun hayvanlara duyduğu önemi yansıtmış, dönemin mimari üslup özelliklerini göstermiş, mimari yapılar için ek belge niteliği taşımış ve yapıları estetik açıdan bütünlemişlerdir. Kuşlar için meydana getirilmiş yapılar, günümüzde bakımsızlık nedeniyle yok olmaktadırlar. Yeni yapılanlar ise sınırlı uygulamalar şeklindedir.
Makale kapsamında önce güvercinlikler ve kuş evlerinin yapım amaçları, çeşitleri, mimari özellikleri, yapımlarında kullanılan malzemeler, zaman içinde değişimleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından yurt dışı ve yurt içinde gerçekleştirilen güncel tasarımlar aktarılmıştır. Kuş evlerinin günümüzde yapılmama nedenleri, geçmiş ve günümüz koşulları üzerinden tartışılmıştır. Seri olarak üretilebilecek, yapım maliyetini arttırmayacak, bakım ve onarım masrafı olmayacak, mevcut yapım teknikleri ile uyumlu bir kuş evi önerisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Tasarım, İtalya’da 2012 yılında gerçekleştirilen Double Track, the Tenth International Trieste Contemporanea Design Contest (Onuncu Uluslararası Trieste Çağdaş Tasarım Yarışması’nda) özel mansiyon (special mention) ödülü almış ve çeşitli etkinlikler kapsamında sergilenmiştir.
THE SOCIAL TV PHENOMENON AND FAKE ONLINE RESTAURANT REVIEWS
Authors: Cruz Breno de Paula Andrade , Silva Susana C. , Ross Steven Dutt
Published: February 2021

Purpose – The social TV phenomenon has raised the interest of some researchers in studying the production of online reviews. However, little is known about the characteristics of reviewers that, without having had indeed a real experience of consumption, still dare to assess the service. The purpose of this research is to understand these reviewers better, using an experiment conducted in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach – Through a cluster analysis with 2547 reviewers of 7 restaurants that participated in a reality show in Brazil, we were able to create 4 fours. Using Spearman Correlation and Kruskal-Wallis Test, differences among groups were analysed in the search of behavioural changes among different types of reviewers. Findings – We conclude that social TV influence fake online reviews of restaurants that were involved in a tv show. Furthermore, we were able to verify that some reviewers indeed assess the service without indeed having tried the service, which strongly bias the influence they are going to cause in potential consumers. Four types of reviewers were identified: the real expert, the amateur reviewer, the speculator and the pseudo expert. The 2 latter types are analyzed through the anthropologic lens of the popular Brazilian culture and the TV influence in that country. Research limitations/implications – we were able to understand how TV can influence the construction of fake online reviews for restaurants. Practical implications – It is important for the restaurant and hospitality industry in general, to be able to be attentive to the phenomenon of fake reviews that can totally biased the advantages of this assessment system that was created to produce trust among consumers, but that can act exactly the other way around. Originality/value – This study highlights the relevance of taking into account cultural background of the country where the restaurant is located, as well as emphasizing the relevance of conducting a previous analysis of the decision of embarking on a reality show that it has high chances to biasedly influence consumers’ decisions.
CRITERIOS DE SELECCIÓN PARA UN SITIO DE DISPOSICIÓN FINAL DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS NO PELIGROSOS. REVISIÓN DE NORMAS AMBIENTALES LATINOAMERICANAS Y SU CONTRASTE CON LA NORMA ECUATORIANA
Authors: Cobos Mora Sandra Lucía , Solano Peláez José Luis , Gárate Rodríguez Paulo Cesar
Published: February 2021

En Latinoamérica, los sitios de emplazamiento de un relleno sanitario como tecnología de disposición final, se configuran como zonas altamente conflictivas desde una perspectiva socioambiental, lo que pudiera ser atribuible a los ineficientes procesos técnicos, administrativos y políticos que experimenta la región de forma generalizada. Además, al ser fuentes de contaminación en potencia generan una gran oposición ciudadana por las implicaciones en la salud pública y en los recursos naturales. Como consecuencia de las grandes cantidades de desechos que se generan por falta de empoderamiento en procesos de reutilización y reciclaje, para los países en vías de desarrollo aún es imperante contar con rellenos sanitarios en mayor número y superficie. En este contexto, cada país de la región ha desarrollado cuerpos legales anclados a sus respectivas políticas públicas, en donde establecen los criterios mínimos a cumplir para la implementación de un sitio de disposición final. El presente artículo realiza una revisión sistemática de 14 de estas normas latinoamericanas y su posterior comparación con las variables de la regulación ecuatoriana, con el fin de establecer oportunidades de mejora desde una perspectiva técnica y legal, que contribuyan a un desarrollo sustentable del Ecuador.
Laws of Gravity and Electrostatics Reduce Elementary Particles to Only Two: Positron and Negatron
Authors: Kirimi Misheck
Published: February 2021

I demonstrate that the macrocosmic gravitational interaction between two masses and the microcosmic electrostatic interaction between two charges unify in simple concepts and mathematical laws when electric charge and ordinary mass are interpreted in reciprocal terms. No previous research has ever attempted to unify charge and mass. The difficulty has been lack of an intelligible definition of charge. A three-point paradigm shift solves the problem, giving convincing evidence – for the first time – that positron and negatron are the ultimate elementary particles. That is, matter is pure positive and negative grains of electricity. Paradigm shift #1: Electron is a moving charge; a charge is static electron – ‘one entity two identities’. This implies that ordinary matter contains equal numbers of positive and negative electrons – observed in motion as ‘electrons’ and at rest as ‘charges’. In motion, a positron-negatron pair obeys the laws of electrodynamics and annihilates; at rest, the pair obeys the laws of electrostatics and neutralizes. Paradigm shift #2: Electron mass and electrostatic field are either positive or negative. Opposite masses and fields, rather than indefinable ‘charge’, make opposite electrons physically different. Paradigm shift #3: Electric charge and ordinary mass interconvert. Positive charge (e+) and negative charge (e-) neutralize to neutral charge (2e0), which is nature’s quantum of ordinary mass. Conversely, a quantum of ordinary mass splits to opposite charges e.g. in frictional electrification. The insights systematize the search, identification and classification of ‘elementary particles’, ending decades of confusion in the ‘elementary particle zoo’. They identify a new, stable subatomic particle – a third nucleon.
Impact Assessment of Whole Body Vibration and Physiological Stress Factors on Dumper Operator during Different Phases of Operating Cycle as per ISO 2631-1
Authors: Ramar Kaviraj , Kumaraswamidhas LA , BALAJI PS
Published: February 2021

Introduction: In the mining industry, the dumper vehicle plays a vital role in material handling tasks. During the various operations, the dumper operators are subjected to Whole-Body Vibrations(WBV) which also affects their physiological factors. The present study investigates the dumper operator discomfort during various dumper operations such as Material-Loading(ML), Loaded-Travel(LT), Material-Unloading(MU) and Unloaded-Travel(UT).

Methodology: The experimental study is carried out in iron ore opencast mine with a 25 number of operators volunteered to participate in this ergonomic assessment, and the evaluation is performed as per ISO 2631:1

Results: During the ML, and MU task, the measured crest factor value is greater than the recommended values. However, the measured aw(8) and VDV(8) magnitude are within the HGCZ limit. In the LT, it is observed that the VDV is within the limit of HGCZ, although the measured value is 4.08 times greater than MU task. The maximum WBV is observed during the UT, and the measured value of VDV falls above the HGCZ limit, and experience a greater amplification of source vibration at 1.6Hz. Moreover, the demand for the operation cycle increases the risk of neck pain and back pain among the study population. Further, operators immediately after the WBV exposure showed a significant increase in Heart Rate by 2.04 bpm. Whereas, no significant influence on the increase in blood pressure (SYS/DIA: 1.56/0.72 mmHg) and a decrease in oxygen saturation level (SpO2) by 1% was observed.

Conclusion: Therefore, the present study reveals that the prolonged sitting and constant experience of WBV force the operator to change the posture more frequent. The combined effect of WBV with asymmetric posture can lead to musculoskeletal disorders.

Practical Applications: The experimental findings support the health and safety officer to make a productive work plan for labour workforce to reduce health-related risk from WBV exposures.
Changes in Energy Status of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells During Dehydration and Rehydration
Authors: Kuliešienė Neringa , Žūkienė Rasa , Khroustalyova Galina , Chang Chuang-Rung , Rapoport Alexander , Daugelavičius Rimantas
Published: February 2021

Anhydrobiosis is the state of life when cells get into waterless conditions and gradually cease their metabolism. In this study, we determined the sequence of events in Saccharomyces cerevisiae energy metabolism during processes of dehydration and rehydration. The intensities of respiration and acidification of the medium, the amounts of Phenyldicarbaundecaborane (PCB-) bound to yeast membranes, and the capabilities of cells to accumulate K+ were assayed using electrochemical monitoring system, and intracellular content of ATP was measured using bioluminescence assay. Mesophilic, semi-resistant to desiccation S. cerevisiae strain 14 and thermotolerant, very resistant to desiccation S. cerevisiae strain 77 cells were compared. After 22 h of drying it was possible to restore the respiration activity of very resistant to desiccation strain 77 cells, especially when glucose was available. PCB- binding also indicated considerably higher metabolic activity of dehydrated S. cerevisiae strain 77 cells. Electrochemical K+ content and medium acidification assays indicated that permeabilization of the plasma membrane in cells of both strains started almost simultaneously, after 8-10 h of desiccation, but semi-resistant strain 14 cells were longer keeping K+ gradient and stronger acidifying the medium. For both cells, the fast rehydration in water was less efficient compared to reactivation in the growth medium, indicating the need for nutrients for the recovery. Higher viability of strain 77 cells after rehydration could be due to the higher stability of their mitochondria.
Automated Gold Grain Counting. Part 1: Why Counts Matter!
Authors: Girard Réjean , Trembaly Jonathan , Néron Alexandre , Longuépée Hugues
Published: February 2021

The quantitative and qualitative assessment of gold grains from samples of glacial till is a well-established method for exploring gold deposits hidden under glaciated cover. This method, widely used by the industry and which produced numerous successes in locating gold deposits in glaciated terrain, is still based on artisanal gravity separation techniques and visual identification. However, being artisanal, it is limited by inconsistent recoveries and the difficulty to visually identify the predominantly occurring small gold grains. These limitations hinder its capability to deceipher subtle or complex signal. To improve detection limits through recovery of small gold grains, a new approach has recently been introduced in the industry (commercially referred as “ARTGold” procedure) using an optimized miniature sluice box coupled with an automated scanning electron microscopy routine. The capabilities of this improved method are highlighted by comparing till surveys conducted around the Borden gold deposit (Ontario, Canada) using the conventional and improved methods at both local and regional scales. Relative to the conventional approach, the improved method recovered almost one order of magnitude more gold grains from samples (regional and down-ice mineralization), dominantly in small size fractions. Increasing the counts in low-abundance regional samples enables better discrimination between background signals and significant dispersions. The method offers an alternative to improve characterization of gold dispersal in glaciated terrain and the related gold deposit footprints.
An Improved SPSIM Index for Image Quality Assessment
Authors: Frackiewicz Mariusz , Szolc Grzegorz , Palus Henryk
Published: February 2021

Objective Image Quality Assessment (IQA) measures are playing an increasingly important role in the evaluation of digital image quality. New IQA indices are expected to be strongly correlated with subjective observer evaluations expressed by MOS/DMOS scores. One such recently proposed index is the SuperPixel-based SIMilarity (SPSIM) index, which uses superpixel patches instead of the rectangular pixel grid.The authors in this paper have been proposed three modifications of SPSIM index. For this purpose, the color space used by SPSIM was changed and the way SPSIM determines similarity maps was modified using methods derived from the algorithm for computing the MDSI index. The third modification was a combination of the first two. These three new quality indices were used in the assessment process. The experimental results obtained on many color images from five image databases demonstrated the advantages of the proposed SPSIM modifications.
Color Glass by Layered Nitride Films for Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) System
Authors: Gasonoo Akpeko , Ahn Hyeon-Sik , Lim Seongmin , Lee Jae-Hyun , Choi Yoonseuk
Published: February 2021

We investigated layered titanium nitride (TiN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) for color glasses in Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. AlN and TiN are among suitable and cost-effective optical materials to be used as thin multilayer films, owing to the significant difference in their refractive index. To fabricate the structure, we used radio frequency magnetron deposition method to achieve the target thickness uniformly. A simple, fast, and cheap fabrication method is achieved by depositing the multilayer films in a single sputtering chamber. It is demonstrated that a multilayer stack that allows light to move from a low refractive index layer to a high refractive index layer or vice-versa can effectively create various distinct color reflections for different film thicknesses and multilayer structures. It is investigated from simulation based on wave optics that, TiN/AlN multilayer offers better color design freedom and cheaper fabrication process as compared to AlN/TiN multilayer films. Blue, green, and yellow color glasses with optical transmittance of more than 80% was achieved by ITO coated glass/TiN/AlN multilayer films. This technology exhibits good potential in commercial BIPV system applications.
Plasma Proteomic Profiling in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients Before and After Surgical Myectomy Reveals Post-Procedural Reduction in Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Larson Amy , Libermann Towia A. , Bowditch Heather , Das Gaurav , Diakos Nikolaos , Huggins Gordon S. , Rastegar Hassan , Chen Frederick Y. , Rowin Ethan J. , Maron Martin S. , Chin Michael T.
Published: February 2021

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract (LVOT) obstruction occurs in approximately 70% of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients and currently requires imaging or invasive testing for diagnosis, sometimes in conjunction with provocative physiological or pharmaceutical stimuli. To identify potential biomarkers of LVOT obstruction, we performed proteomics profiling of 1305 plasma proteins in 12 HCM patients with documented LVOT obstruction referred for surgical myectomy. Plasma was collected at the surgical preoperative visit approximately one month prior to surgery and then at the post surgical visit approximately 3 months later. Proteomic profiles were generated using the aptamer-based SOMAscan assay. Principal Component Analysis using the highest statistically significant proteins separated all preoperative samples from all postoperative samples. Further analysis revealed a set of 25 proteins that distinguished the preoperative and postoperative states with a paired t-test p value of <0.01. Ingenuity Pathway analysis facilitated the generation of protein interaction networks and the elucidation of key upstream regulators of the differentially expressed proteins such as interferon-, TGF-1 and TNF. Biological pathways affected by the surgery included organ inflammation, migration and motility of leukocytes, fibrosis, vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, acute coronary events, endothelial proliferation, eicosanoid metabolism, calcium flux, apoptosis and morphology of the cardiovascular system. Our results indicate that surgical relief of dynamic outflow tract obstruction in HCM patients is associated with unique alterations in plasma proteomic profiles that likely reflect improvement in organ inflammation and physiological function.
Polymer Identification and Specific Analysis (PISA) of Microplastic Total Mass in Sediments of the Protected Marine Area of the Meloria Shoals
Authors: Castelvetro Valter , Corti Andrea , La Nasa Jacopo , Modugno Francesca , Ceccarini Alessio , Giannarelli Stefania , Vinciguerra Virginia
Published: February 2021

Microplastics (MPs) quantification in benthic marine sediments is typically performed by time-consuming and moderately accurate mechanical separation and microscopy detection. In this paper we describe the results of our innovative Polymer Identification and Specific Analysis (PISA) of microplastic total mass, previously tested on either less complex sandy beach sediment or less demanding (because of the high MPs content) wastewater treatment plant sludges, applied to the analysis of benthic sediments from a sublittoral area north-west of Leghorn (Tuscany, Italy). Samples were collected from two shallow sites characterized by coarse debris in a mixed seabed of Posidonia oceanica, and by a very fine silty-organogenic sediment, respectively. After sieving at <2 mm the sediment was sequentially extracted with selective organic solvents and the two polymer classes polystyrene (PS) and polyolefins (PE and PP) were quantified by pyrolysis-GC/MS. A contamination in the 8-65 ppm range by PS could be accurately detected. Acid hydrolysis on the extracted residue to achieve total depolymerization of all natural and synthetic polyamides, tagging of all aminated species in the hydrolyzate with a fluorophore, and reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) analysis, allowed to quantify within the 137-1523 ppm range the individual mass of contaminating Nylon 6 and Nylon 6,6, based on the detected amounts of the respective monomeric amines 6-aminohexanoic acid (AHA) and hexanediamine (HMDA). Finally, alkaline hydrolysis of the residue from acid hydrolysis followed by RP-HPLC analysis of the purified hydrolysate showed contamination by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in the 12.1-2.7 ppm range, based on the content of its comonomer, terephthalic acid.
Increasing the Quality Factor (Q) of 1D Photonic Crystal Cavity with an End Loop-Mirror
Authors: Haron Mohamad Hazwan , Zain Ahmad Rifqi Md , Yeop Majlis Burhanuddin
Published: February 2021

Increasing the quality factor (Q) of an optical resonator device has been a research focus to be utilized in various applications. Higher Q-factor means light is confined in a longer time which will produce a shaper peak and higher transmission. In this paper, we introduce a novel technique to increase further the Q-factor of a one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D PhC) cavity device by using an end loop-mirror (ELM). The technique utilizes and recycles the light transmission from the conventional 1D PhC cavity design. The design has been proved to work by using the 2.5D FDTD simulation with Lumerical FDTD and MODE softwares. By using the ELM technique, the Q- factor of a 1D PhC design has been shown to have increased up to 79.53 % from the initial Q value without the ELM. This novel design technique can be combined with any high Q-factor and very high Q-factor designs to increase more the Q-factor value of a photonic crystal cavity devices or any other suitable optical resonator devices. The experimental result shows that the device is measurable by adding a Y-branch component to the one-port structure and able to get the high-Q result.
Influence Maximization Algorithm Based on Reverse Reachable Set
Authors: Sun Gengxin , Chen Chih-Cheng
Published: February 2021

Most of the existing influence maximization algorithms are not suitable for large-scale social networks due to their high time complexity or limited influence propagation range. Therefore, a D-RIS influence maximization algorithm is proposed based on the independent cascade model and combined with the reverse reachable set sampling. Under the premise that the influence propagation function satisfies monotonicity and submodularity, the D-RIS algorithm uses automatic debugging method to determine the critical value of the number of reverse reachable sets, which not only obtains a better influence propagation range, and greatly reduce the time complexity. The experimental results on the two real data sets of Slashdot and Epinions show that D-RIS algorithm is close to the CELF algorithm and higher than RIS algorithm, HighDegree algorithm, LIR algorithm and pBmH algorithm in influence propagation range. At the same time, it is significantly better than the CELF algorithm and RIS algorithm in running time, which indicates that D-RIS algorithm is more suitable for large scale social network.
Biocompatibility and Effectiveness of a Novel Organic Olive Oil-Based Denture Adhesive: A Multicenter Randomized and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Azevedo Luís , Correia André , Almeida Carlos F. , Molinero-Mourelle Pedro , Correia Maria , Del Río Hisghsmith Jaime
Published: February 2021

To assess the clinical efficacy of a novel organic olive oil-based denture adhesive and its effect on Candida Albicans growth in maxillary edentulous individuals wearing complete dentures. Individuals were selected from two Dental Schools in Portugal and Spain. Twenty-eight complete dentures were relined, following a standardized protocol. The novel product (Test) was compared with a commercialized adhesive (Control) and Vaseline (Placebo) randomly assigned in a cross-study design. The retention resistance was measured with a Gnathometer and a dynamometer, the patient related outcome evaluations with a 5-points questionnaire and the Candida albicans growth in a Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium in order to evaluate differences between the placebo and experimental product. Twenty-three participants were included. Dynamometer evaluation showed significant differences between not using a denture adhesive and using either (experimental, p = .03; control, p = .04), no significant differences between the two adhesives (p > .05). In the subjective analysis, the experimental adhesive showed a significantly longer effectiveness (p = .001); the control reported better results at taste (p = .03) in chewing (p = .001). The test adhesive showed better (p < .001) Candida albicans growth inhibition. The experimental adhesive showed longer effectiveness than the control and placebo with a better inhibition capacity for the growth of Candida albicans, patients reported better abilities for speech, chewing, taste and retirement in the control adhesive.
RNA-sequencing Indicates High Hemocyanin Expression as a Key Strategy for Cold Adaptation in the Antarctic Amphipod Eusirus cf. giganteus Clade g3
Authors: Greco Samuele , D'Agostino Elisa , Manfrin Chiara , Gaetano Anastasia Serena , Furlanis Gael , Capanni Francesca , Santovito Gianfranco , Edomi Paolo , Giulianini Piero Giulio , Gerdol Marco
Published: February 2021

We here report the de novo transcriptome assembly and functional annotation of Eusirus cf. giganteus clade g3, providing the first database of expressed sequences from this giant Antarctic amphipod. RNA-sequencing, carried out on the whole-body of a single juvenile individual likely undergoing molting, revealed the dominant expression of hemocyanins. The mRNAs encoding these oxygen-binding proteins cumulatively accounted for about 40% of the total transcriptional effort, highlighting the key biological importance of high hemocyanin production in this Antarctic amphipod species. We speculate that this observation may mirror a strategy previously described in Antarctic cephalopods, which compensate the decreased ability to release oxygen to peripheral tissues at sub-zero temperatures by massively increasing total blood hemocyanin content compared with temperate species. These preliminary results will undoubtedly require confirmation through proteomic and biochemical analyses aimed at characterizing the oxygen-binding properties of E. cf. giganteus clade g3 hemocyanins, and at investigating whether other Antarctic arthropod species exploit similar adaptations to cope with the challenges posed by the extreme conditions of the polar environment.
Desain playing with conflict sebagai model pembelajaran resolusi konflik
Authors: Harmawati Yuni , Maftuh Bunyamin , Malihah Elly
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan suatu desain model pembelajaran resolusi konflik yang dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan untuk siswa sekolah menegah pertama maupun sekolah menengah atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan Research and Development, yang mana dalam penelitian ini hanya sampai kepada tahap perumusan design. Dari pengumpulan data dan sumber, akhirnya peneliti menyadur desain playing with conflict yang pernah ditulis oleh Richard B. Powers dan Kat Kirkpatrick, namun oleh peneliti disesuaikan dengan kondisi dan budaya masyarakat Indonesia. Sehingga cocok untuk diimplementasikan di Indonesia dengan sintaksis yang baru. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini dengan adanya desain playing with conflict diharapkan mampu untuk membentuk keterampilan resolusi konflik dasar, yakni belajar untuk mendengarkan orang lain, belajar berbicara namun menghormati orang lain, belajar mengambil keputusan.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to find a conflict resolution learning model design that can be applied in the learning of Pancasila and Citizenship Education for junior high and high school students. Research using Research and Development, which in this study only reached the design formulation stage. From analyzing the data and sources, the researcher finally adapted the play with conflict design that had been written by Richard B. Powers and Kat Kirkpatrick, but the researchers adapted it to the conditions and culture of the Indonesian people. So it is suitable to be implemented in Indonesia with a new syntax. The conclusion of this study with the play with conflict design is expected to be able to form basic conflict skills, namely learning to listen to other people, learn to speak but respect others, learn to make decisions.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Classroom untuk Meningkatkan Persepsi Pembelajaran Digital Mahasiswa
Authors: Ivan Ashif Ardhana
Published: February 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan meningkatkan persepsi pembelajaran digital mahasiswa menggunakan aplikasi Googleclassroom pada mata kuliah Kimia Fisika II dan Dasar Kimia Analitik. Sampel penelitian adalah 51 mahasiswa semester IV dari dua kelas yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Desain penelitian yang dilakukan adalah one-group pretest-postest design. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan menggunakan uji-t dengan bantuan program SPSS 21 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan persepsi pembelajaran digital mahasiswa yang dibelajarkan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi Googleclassroom yang meliputi (1) adanya peningkatan persepsi terhadap pendidikan tanpa menggunakan kertas (Paperless Education); (2) adanya peningkatan persepsi terhadap pembelajaran bervisi kimia hijau (Green Chemistry) (3) adanya peningkatan persepsi terhadap literasi digital individu (Individual Digital Literation); dan (4) adanya peningkatan persepsi terhadap stimulus lingkungan pembelajaran (Learning Environment Stimulus). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu pemangku kebijakan institusi pendidikan menengah maupun tinggi dalam memanfaatkan Googleclassroom sebagai penunjang pembelajaran digital di era pendidikan berbasis teknologi informasi.
Association between Intimate Partner Violence, Knowledge and Use of Contraception in Africa: Comparative Analysis across Five African Regions
Authors: Yusuf Rafeek A. , Dongarwar Deepa , Yusuf Zenab I. , Salihu Hamisu M.
Published: February 2021

Background Or Objectives: Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is common globally, and is associated with several adverse consequences. This study provides a comparative analysis of potential regional differences in the association between IPV and knowledge and use of contraceptives within Africa.

Methods: A multi-country cross-sectional study was conducted using data on women of reproductive age 15-49 years from the Demographic and Health Surveys covering five African regions. Exposure and outcome variables were IPV and reproductive literacy (comprising modern contraception knowledge and contraception usage) respectively. We used survey log-binomial regression models to generate prevalence ratios that estimated the association between IPV versus knowledge and usage of modern contraception.

Results: Overall IPV prevalence in Africa was 30.8% with notable regional differences. Demographic, socioeconomic, and reproductive history markers of IPV were more pronounced in younger women, rural residents, women of low socioeconomic status and those with copious knowledge but poor usage of modern contraception. The level of knowledge of contraception was 84% greater among African women who were victims of IPV compared to their counterparts who were not victims of IPV (p < 0.0001). IPV was not associated with actual usage of modern contraception (p = 0.21).

Conclusion And Global Health Implications: IPV against women in Africa may incentivize knowledge seeking of modern contraception as protective mechanisms. Regional variations notwithstanding, understanding the existing and new characteristics predictive of IPV may inform policy development, resource allocation and prevention of IPV globally.

Key words: • Violence • Women • Contraception; • Knowledge • Usage • Africa • Intimate partner violence • Demo graph ic and health surveys • Benin • Burundi • Egypt • Kenya • South Africa

 

Copyright © 2020 Yusuf et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Increasing the Efficiency Factor of Solar Power Plants Due to Solar Energy Localizing
Authors: Mironchuk V. I. , Velchenko A. A.
Published: February 2021

The article presents an analysis of the state of development of solar energy in Europe and  the  Republic  of  Belarus  for 2020.  An algorithm for increasing the efficiency factor of  solar power plants by localizing the solar trajectory depending on the latitude and longitude of the area has been proposed. In particular, taking into account the angle of the Sun position above the horizon and the azimuth angle of the Sun, the increase in the efficiency factor of solar power plants for the Republic of Belarus is calculated. Based on this algorithm, a program has been written that makes it possible to draw a diagram of the solar trajectory. An analysis has been made of the degree of localization of solar energy for solstice days in 6 oblast (regional) centers of the Republic of Belarus; it is found that the highest intensity of solar radiation is observed in Brest and Gomel, the average in Grodno, Minsk and Mogilev, while the lowest one – in the city of Vitebsk. A comparative analysis of the solar trajectory of the city of Berlin (Germany) with the city of Gomel and the city of Brest is carried out. Recommendations have been developed for the effective operation of solar power plants in the oblast (regional) cities of the Republic of Belarus during the year in an autonomous and combined mode of operation. The obtained numerical calculations of the solar trajectory make it possible to optimize the orientation of solar panels for permanently installed panels and for automated solar tracking systems, as well as to select the optimal configuration of the power plant equipment for any geographic area.
APLICAÇÃO DE DANOS MECÂNICOS E SEUS EFEITOS NA QUALIDADE DE PRODUTOS HORTÍCOLAS, SAFRAS 2019/2020
Authors: Nicolas Constante Guedert  , Júlia Lunardi  , Igor Ramos Lima  , Kauê Ramos Lima  , Patrick Constante Guedert  , Fernando Cerbaro Palhano  , Bruna Stefanie Maronessi Iglesias  , Jasmine Duarte de Souza  , Juliano Santos de Oliveira  , Leandro Lunardi  , Eduardo Seibert
Published: February 2021

Problemas sérios na fruticultura brasileira resultam em perdas e desperdício significativo napós-colheita, afetando a qualidade dos frutos e rentabilidade do produtor. Entretanto,problemas causados por danos mecânicos têm efeitos significativo na qualidade dos frutos, jáque eles causam sérios distúrbios fisiológicos e desencadeiam vários processos que atuam nometabolismo, como o aumento da taxa respiratória e transpiração, ocasionando uma maiordesidratação e perda de qualidade. Diante destes problemas, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliaro efeito de danos mecânicos sobre a qualidade de pós colheita de tangerinas ‘Ponkan’ epêssegos ‘Aurora’ em diferente período de armazenamento na safra de 2020. O experimentofoi conduzido no Laboratório de Pós-colheita do Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus SantaRosa do sul. Os frutos selecionados foram higienizados, selecionados e colocados embandejas de 15 frutos por tratamento. Cada fruto compôs uma repetição, totalizando 15repetições por tratamento para cada data de avaliação. Os tratamentos foram: testemunha,queda, corte e abrasão. As bergamotas ‘Ponkan’ foram armazenadas em frio a 7 oC por 15,30, 45 e 60 dias e para os pêssegos ‘Aurora a 0 oC por 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias. Avaliações foramrealizadas nas saídas de armazenagem para: perda de massa fresca (%), firmeza de polpa (N),sólidos solúveis (ºBRIX) e conteúdo de suco (%). O delineamento experimental foiinteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 4x5, referentes aos 4 tratamentos e 5 datas deavaliação, com 15 repetições determinado o fruto como uma unidade experimental. Os dadosforam submetidos à análise de variância (SISVAR) e para a comparação das médias, foiaplicado o teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A qualidade dos frutos Ponkan é afetadasignificativamente pelos danos mecânicos corte, queda e abrasão, que tendem a afetar asuculência e a acidez dos frutos, diminuindo o tempo de armazenamento dos frutos ediminuição da qualidade. Nos pêssegos ‘Aurora’ o tratamento queda apresentou maioresvalores de perda de massa fresca, mesmo não havendo diferença estatística entre ostratamentos. A firmeza diminuiu ao longo do armazenamento em todos os tratamentos, e otratamento testemunha apresentou maior firmeza. O conteúdo de suco objetivo diminuiu aolongo do armazenamento em todos os tratamentos, porém sem diferença estatística.
AVALIAÇÃO DE CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS E AGRONÔMICAS DE SELEÇÃO DE MUTANTES DE ARROZ (oryza sativa)
Authors: Bruna Luiza Correia  , Felipe José Estevão  , Marcela Leite  , Jamille Silva dos Santos  , Giselle Camargo Mendes
Published: February 2021

O trabalho é inserido dentro do projeto “macro” que visa a identificação de acessos desementes mutantes de arroz (Oryza sativa), obtidas em um banco de germoplasma, que mostratolerância e produtividade com o objetivo futuro de utilização da técnica de sequenciamentodo genoma (NGS - Next Genome Sequence) para identificar do local da mutação. Para isso, éimportante que tenhamos um conhecimento das técnicas de bioinformática, banco de dados ealinhamentos de sequência, e também técnicas de programação, a fim de conseguirmosmontar o genoma. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi utilização de ferramentas debioinformática, a partir de criação de uma ferramenta web, que permitisse as análises desequencias genômicas após a utilização do NGS em acessos mutantes de arroz de interesse. Afim de testar os conhecimentos em bioinformática foram selecionados os genes DREB(Dehydration Responsive Element Binding Proteins) em arroz e as sequencias genômicasforam procuradas utilizando o Genbank (site NCBI). Após a familiaridade com ferramentasbásicas da bioinformática, como banco de dados e alinhamento de sequências, foi utilizadolinguagens de programação para testar a ferramenta web para apoiar o sequenciamento ealinhamento genético, além da busca de mutações em uma sequência quando comparada auma sequência conhecida do mesmo gene em uma base online, pesquisou-se ferramentas jáexistentes que dessem suporte às essas operações como frameworks e bibliotecas. Com baseno referencial teórico, identificou-se que a biblioteca BioPython, para a linguagem deprogramação Python, é a mais completa e indicada para as análises genômicas necessárias.Durante a execução do projeto, foram feitos experimentos com a biblioteca, estudando suasconfigurações e ferramentas para realizar análises genômicas. Como a biblioteca é para alinguagem Python, não sendo esta linguagem ensinada no ensino técnico, o bolsista tambémestudou e aprendeu essa nova linguagem junto com a biblioteca para a realização do projeto.Como resultado dessas etapas foi desenvolvido um tutorial básico de uso do BioPython parasequenciamento e alinhamento genético apresentados nesse relatório.
CONCENTRAÇÃO SANGUÍNEA DE MINERAIS E PROTEINAS DE FASE AGUDA EM VACAS LEITEIRAS PRÉ-PARTO E SUA INFLUÊNCIA NA SAUDE DO NEONATO
Authors: Giovanne M. Araujo  , Manoela Furtado  , Dustin Hoffmann  , Lueli F. Bragança  , Vanessa Peripolli  , Fabiana Moreira  , Elizabeth Schwegler
Published: February 2021

É notado nos últimos anos uma crescente intensificação na cadeia produtiva do leite, sendo cada vez mais necessário o conhecimento e controle sobre as inúmeras variações metabólicas, principalmente as que ocorrem durante o período de transição e a sua influência tanto na saúde das vacas quanto sobre sua prole. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar quais marcadores pré-parto da vaca e a sua influência no metabolismo do pós-parto imediato, na qualidade do colostro e na imunidade da bezerra. O experimento ocorreu no período de setembro a novembro de 2019 em uma fazenda leiteira situada na cidade de Palma Sola, em sistema Compost Barn. Foram pré-selecionadas 52 vacas multíparas prenhas da raça Holandês. As que pariram gêmeos ou machos foram descartadas do experimento, restando 21 vacas e 21 bezerras. Nos dias -20 da data prevista do parto e 24 horas após o parto foram realizadas coletas de sangue, escore de condição corporal (ECC) e pesagem dos animais. Se não houvesse antecipação de parto era coletado no dia -5. As coletas de urina das vacas foram feitas no pré-parto para aferição do pH, e o colostro foi coletado logo após o parto, para determinar o percentual brix®. As coletas de sangue das bezerras foram realizadas 24 horas após a colostragem. O tempo que as bezerras levaram para receber o colostro foi registrado. O plasma das bezerras foi usado para estimar a eficiência da colostragem e imunidade pelo % brix e proteínas plasmáticas totais (PPT). Nas amostras sorológicas das vacas foramavaliados: cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg), ácidos graxos não esterificados (NEFA), beta hidroxi butirato (BHBA), paraoxonase (PON-1) e albumina. Nas amostras sorológicas das bezerras foram avaliadas PON-1, albumina, gama glutamil transferase (GGT), Ca e Mg. Os dados das variáveis metabólicas pré e pós-parto da vaca, bem como as variáveis metabólicas do bezerro, e as relacionadas a qualidade do colostro foram submetidas a análises de correlação, regressão, variância, componentes principais e regressão logística utilizando o programa SAS. O NEFA e BHBA no pós parto foram maiores em vacas com Ca menor no pré-parto. As vacas com maior NEFA e BHBA no pré e pós-parto foram as que tiveram colostro com menor % brix. O % brix do colostro da mãe influenciou diretamente o % brix e a PPT da bezerra. O NEFA no pré-parto da vaca, influenciou negativamente nos marcadores de imunidade, quanto mais alto o NEFA menor o % brix do colostro da mãe, % brix da bezerra e PPT. Nas análises de regressão multivariada foi demonstrado que o NEFA pré-parto foi o marcador que mais influenciou nos marcadores pós-parto da vaca e no % brix do bezerro. Com os resultados obtidos, se conclui que o NEFA pré-parto foi o marcador que mais influenciou no pós-parto imediato da vaca, assim como na imunidade da bezerra, influenciando diretamente sobre a calcemia e na imunidade respectivamente.
QUEBRA DE DORMÊNCIA DE GEMAS EM PESSEGUEIRO COM PRODUTOS ALTERNATIVOS NO ALTO VALE DO ITAJAÍ
Authors: Claudio Keske  , Josué Andreas Vieira
Published: February 2021

A produção de frutíferas de clima temperado em regiões de inverno ameno é possível através do uso de reguladores de crescimento para superação da dormência quando não há frio suficiente para que este processo ocorra naturalmente. O uso destas ferramentas é amplamente praticado pelos produtores brasileiros, que dispõem de poucas alternativas para o manejo, dentre as quais figuram insumos tóxicos e perigosos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter respaldo científico para o uso de tecnologias alternativas que representem menor risco ao ser humano e ao ambiente. Estudou-se, para tal, o efeito da aplicação de tratamentos para quebra de dormência com extrato industrial de alho em comparação com o tratamento convencional de cianamida hidrogenada em pessegueiros do cultivar ‘Della Nona’, de exigência em frio de400h. Durante o período do experimento, o número de horas frio atingido na localidade foi cerca de 180h. Os tratamentos a saber: 1. Testemunha; 2. Cianamida Hidrogenada 0,8%; 3. Extrato de alho 1%; 4. Extrato de alho 2%; 5. Extrato de algas 3% + 3% Nitrato de Cálcio e 6. Óleo mineral 2%, foram aplicados na mesma data em quatro blocos, contendo três parcelas experimentais, em um pomar comercial no município de Petrolândia, quando as gemas seencontravam no estádio fenológico de dormência. Após 20, 35, 50 e 80 dias da aplicação, avaliou-se 40 gemas por planta, anotando-se a frequência dos estádios fenológicos para cada período. Após o desenvolvimento dos frutos, procedeu-se a colheita escalonada em etapas, aos 133, 135, 138, 140 e 142 dias após a aplicação, analisando-se na primeira colheita aqualidade dos frutos. Constatou-se que todos os tratamentos aplicados tiveram efeito positivo na quebra de dormência, induzindo maior brotação do que as plantas não tratadas. Destacaram-se os tratamentos 2 e 4 para colheita e floração e o tratamento 5, quanto a renovação vegetativa. Não houve diferença na qualidade dos frutos entre os tratamentos.