bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MRI vs arthroscopy in the diagnosis of meniscal tears: A comparative study
Authors: Sajjanshetty Rajesh , Ranjolkar Rohit
Published: June 2024

The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for meniscal tears has not been adequately investigated, although it has been utilized extensively. By contrasting MRI results with arthroscopy findings, we hoped to gauge MRI's diagnostic precision.

  Investigating the incidence of ACL and meniscal tears; establishing a correlation between arthroscopy and MRI findings by calculating the specificity, sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values (with arthroscopy highly esteemed); grading the degree of subluxation; and ascertaining the minimal quantity of fluid that ought to be present in the knee.

 The MRI of forty patients in the age range of twenty to forty years old and twelve arthroscopic correlations was evaluated in the year 2021-2022.

 In percentage form, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were calculated. For MM, the ACL results were 87.87, 81.57, 80.55, and 88.57, whereas for LM, they were 77.77, 81.81, 72.41, and 85.71. One patient had anterior tibial subluxation, which accounted for 35.6% of all cases. Joint fluid was seen in 201 cases when the suprapatellar pouch appeared laterally with internal disruption.

 Patients with ACL injuries should be carefully evaluated during arthroscopy since preoperative MRI has a limited diagnostic accuracy.
The Kapandji pinning: Technique of closed reduction for distal end radius fracture in adults
Authors: Sanil Nibin , Sajan Alvin
Published: June 2024

: Fractures of the distal end of radius are characterized by varying degrees of comminution with volar or dorsal displacement, articular depression and angulation of major fragments with or without involvement of joints. The technique that has been discussed most frequently is the intrafocal (Kapandji) technique. Initially the technique was described using two pins for unstable extra-articular fractures in younger adults. The indications have since been expanded to include fractures with minimally displaced intra-articular fragments and use of third pin dorsoulnarly.

: 40 adults with distal radius fracture admitted to Sanjay Gandhi institute of trauma and orthopaedics. All patients will be evaluated at 4, 6 weeks intervals and once at 3 months post operatively and final outcome assessments at 3 months. For functional evaluation, the modified Gartland and Werley demerit point system. The results were evaluated as per Sarmiento’s Modification of Lindstrom criteria.

Restoration of anatomy was excellent in 71.8% (28.75) and 23.75% (9.5) had good anatomical outcome while 3.75% (1.5) had fair results. 40(n=sample size) were included in the study to analyse the articular angles. The mean value of radial inclination was 20.471 standard deviation 1.26, palmar tilt with mean value of 8.725 with standard deviation of 0.678 and radial length with mean of 10.625 with standard deviation of 1.169. The complication observed was 3 pintract infection. All patients achieved full wrist flexion and extension and forearm rotation. Mean time to achieve full wrist. ROM after immobilization was 2 weeks.
A prospective study of functional outcome and deformity correction after Total Knee arthroplasty in valgus deformity of knee
Authors: Mehta Darshan Ashokkumar , Hussain Taher Muzaffar , Dawoodi Batul
Published: June 2024

: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been particularly challenging in patients who present with valgus knee deformity, which constitutes about 10% of cases. The current study seeks to review the functional and radiological outcomes of patients treated with TKA.

: A total of 40 knees in 30 patients with valgus deformity were the subjects of the current study. Most of them (38 knees) had a medial parapatellar approach, while two underwent an anterolateral approach. We assessed the outcome with the Knee Society score (KSS), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, and the radiological alignment through the Hip Knee Ankle Axis (HKA). The measurements are done in 6-week, 3-month, 6-month, and months of an immediate post-operative.

: There is a very clear improvement in all these measures. The KSS knee scores improved from 54 preoperatively to 92 in one year (p < 0.01), and the KSS functional scores also improved significantly from 52 to 87 (p < 0.01). The pain intensity scores clearly decreased from the preoperative average of 5.30 to 0 postoperatively (p < 0.001). Radiologically, there was improved alignment, with HKA angles decreasing from 9.12 preoperatively to 6.25 postoperatively.

: TKA significantly improved the functional outcome and reduced pain among patients presenting with a valgus knee deformity. This resulted from a clear improvement seen in the KSS, VAS, and HKA measures. The study continues to show the effectiveness of TKA in improving clinical outcomes among these difficult groups of patients.
A rare presentation of mid shaft humerus fracture with axillary artery & brachial artery traumatic thrombus with brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Ganeshraj Prabhakar , Rajapandian Nalini
Published: June 2024

Humerus fractures account for 3% of all orthopaedic injuries and are common among adult population following trauma. With high velocity trauma we witness associated injury to nearby vessels, nerves or both. We present a rare case of mid shaft humerus fracture associated with brachial artery, axillary artery and brachial plexus injury, sustained at work place while operating the heavy hydraulic door of a lorry. Emergency CT-angio was done and site of vascular injury was identified, following which patient was taken up for surgery. Fracture was first fixed by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) through anterolateral approach with locking plate and it was followed by vascular reverse saphenous vein bypass graft from axillary artery to distal brachial artery through a median approach.
Reflexiones en torno al fraude a la ley en las propuestas concordatarias del derecho argentino
Authors: Marega Alexis Matías
Published: June 2024

El instituto del fraude a la ley no ha tenido un desarrollo sustancioso por parte de la doctrina concursalista, quien ha centrado todos sus esfuerzos en comprender y limitar el alcance del concepto de abusividad. En el presente trabajo nos proponemos evaluar cuándo, cómo y por qué se puede producir un fraude a la ley en una propuesta de acuerdo preventivo concursal para luego evaluar las alternativas con las que cuenta el juez concursal para abordarla. Para limitar el estudio, se propone trabajar con un caso específico de fraude: cuando un accionista de la empresa concursada se presenta como acreedor y la propuesta concordataria le ofrece igual tratamiento que al resto de los concurrentes.
Responsabilidad de personas jurídicas privadas en el comercio de armas en derecho interamericano
Authors: Guerrero Salgado Efrén Ernesto
Published: June 2024

El uso de armas de fuego provenientes de naciones extranjeras es determinante en la ampliación y aumento de resultados mortales en la dinámica de seguridad latinoamericana. Este documento busca explorar los debates teóricos existentes respecto a este tema en el marco del derecho internacional público. Se propone como hipótesis que, aunque existen elementos de soft law en el derecho internacional público, la implementación de una respuesta jurídico-institucional estaría sostenida únicamente a través del derecho a la seguridad colectiva, el cual no ha sido completamente definido en el derecho internacional. El texto propone que el deber de garantía de los Estados también se relaciona con las responsabilidades de las personas jurídicas de derecho privado en su deber de respetar la normativa, tanto nacional como internacional. Por lo tanto, cualquier esfuerzo futuro para controlar el flujo de armamento implica respuestas coordinadas e intraestatales para otorgar niveles de obligatoriedad al Derecho Internacional.
Seguridad como competencia complementaria de los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados: Caso del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito
Authors: Escobar Montalvo Cristina
Published: June 2024

La investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el alcance de la seguridad como competencia complementaria de los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados, con especial atención en el Municipio del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito. El trabajo se desarrolla desde un enfoque investigativo cualitativo, con principal énfasis en el análisis y revisión de material bibliográfico y normativo. Con base en la revisión bibliográfica, se concluye que la seguridad ciudadana, si bien está contemplada como competencia de los GAD, solo lo es a nivel de prevención, por lo que las acciones se limitan a políticas públicas, planes o proyectos. En tal sentido, el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito concibe en su normativa un Sistema Metropolitano de Seguridad y Convivencia Ciudadana, dentro de la competencia concurrente que posee en materia de seguridad. El presente trabajo analiza la razón de ser y alcance de la mencionada competencia; y, describe cual es el sistema implementado por el GAD del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito.
Enfoque crítico sobre la Carrera Espacial y la geopolítica global frente al Derecho Espacial Contemporáneo
Authors: Sepúlveda Estrada Javier , Sepúlveda Estrada Nicolás
Published: June 2024

La geopolítica en el ámbito espacial contemporáneo se caracteriza por una compleja red de actores con intereses diversos y capacidades variables. A diferencia de la carrera espacial del siglo XX, actualmente se observa un escenario multipolar con la participación de Estados Unidos (EE. UU.), Europa, Rusia, China, India, Japón y otros actores. Sin embargo, el Derecho Internacional Espacial históricamente ha tenido características de ser reactivo a los cambios, y no proactivo en su regulación. De tal manera, este artículo analiza cuáles son las actuales tendencias en materia de geopolítica espacial y sus implicancias en el Derecho.
Manual de Derecho de Familia
Authors: Verdugo Silva Julio Teodoro
Published: June 2024

En la sección de presentación del Manual de Derecho de Familia, el autor menciona que hace 25 años, a través de una investigación, buscaba responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Por qué el tratamiento jurídico a la familia? Respondiendo a dicha interrogante, Farith Simon destaca la importancia del estudio del Derecho de Familia en perspectiva histórica, comparada y teórica, precisando los conceptos mediante un debate normativo. Por lo tanto, aquella pregunta ha servido como catalizador de ideas y justificaciones para estudiar las diversas instituciones jurídicas que forman hoy en día parte del Derecho de Familia en Ecuador.
The Sera miRNA Pattern in Patients Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad Hossein , Chaleshi Vahid , Amiri Nazanin , Nasserinejad Maryam , Ghavami Shaghayegh Baradaran , Shahrokh Shabnam , Vosough Massoud Z , Aghdaei Hamid Asadzadeh , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis presents with periods of flares and remission. Many reports have identified different dysregulated miRNAs in patients with IBD. Finding new biomarkers in IBD patients can help to launch a novel non-invasive approach for diagnosis and prognosis for patients with UC and CD. This study aimed to evaluate the plasma expression pattern of the miRNAs panel in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals. 73 plasma samples were included; 58 patients with IBD (33 individuals in flare and 25 in remission phase) and 15 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The miRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR using miScript SYBR Green PCR Kit (QIAGEN). Our results showed the expression level of miR-16-5P was significantly increased in the active phase compared to the inactive phase (P=0.0138) and in CD patients compared to UC patients (P=0.0216). There was a significant difference in the expression of miR-29a in Crohn's patients compared to healthy subjects (P=0.04). Measuring the expression of mir-106a; a significant increase was observed compared to healthy individuals (P=0.03) and patients with CD (P=0.0143) in proportion of UC patients’ group. The miR-126 expression significantly increased in patients with active disease compared to patients in the inactive phase (P=0.0413) and healthy controls (P=0.0492). This study showed evidence for differential expression levels of plasma panel of miR-16, miR-29a, miR-106a, and miR-126 in IBD patients compare to healthy individuals. We illustrate that miRNAs in plasma correlate with disease activity and can be used as a practical and non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of the treatment protocol.
Effects of Levothyroxine and Liothyronine on Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy in Rats
Authors: Jafari Razieh Mohammad , Mohammed Dlshad , Tavangar Seyed Mohammad , Eftekhari Golnar , Shokrian Zeini Maryam , Khodadoostan Arash , Dehpour Ahmad Reza , Jazaeri Farahnaz
Published: June 2024

In liver cirrhosis, there is low T3 syndrome associated with a decrease in total triiodothyronine (T3) and free T3 concentrations and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) with chronotropic incompetence. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of eliminating T3 and thyroxine (T4) deficiencies on cardiac chronotropic dysfunction. Bile duct ligation (BDL) was used to induce cirrhosis in male Wistar rats. The chronotropic responses were studied through the Power Lab system in sham/saline, sham/T3T4, BDL/saline, and BDL/T3T4 groups. The serum T3 and T4, and T3 resin uptake (T3RU) levels were assessed. The atrial T3 receptor expression was investigated through a real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). The chronotropic responses were decreased in the BDL/saline group and raised in the BDL/T3T4 group. The serum T3 levels decreased in the BDL/saline group compared to sham group, but increased in the BDL/T3T4 group compared to the BDL/saline group. The serum T4 level increased in the BDL/saline and decreased in the BDL/T3T4 group. The serum T3RU level decreased in the BDL/saline and increased in the BDL/T3T4 group. The T3 receptor expression in atria increased in the BDL/saline group, nonetheless, it did not change in the BDL/T3T4 group compared to the sham/saline and the BDL/saline groups. T3T4 treatment did not increase the chronotropic response in the control group but the treatment improved the chronotropic hyporesponsiveness, and serum T4 and T3 RU abnormalities in cirrhosis, however, it is not related to the atrial T3 receptor expression.
The Effect of Gray Ramus Communicans Nerve Block on Radicular Pain in Patients With Lumbosacral Radicular Pain Who Underwent Transforaminal Epidural Block
Authors: Sanatkar Mehdi , Espahbodi Ebrahim , Sanatkar Mahsa
Published: June 2024

Lumbosacral radicular pain (LRP) is usually caused by herniation of intervertebral discs and is characterized by pain arising in the back and radiating to the lower extremities. The current study evaluated the efficacy of gray ramus communicans nerve block (GRCNB) in decreasing LRP in patients with intervertebral disc herniation who underwent transforaminal epidural block. Thirty patients with magnetic resonance imaging indicating a disc herniation on the L4-L5 level participated in this study. All patients were randomly divided into two groups: one whose members underwent GRCNB (n=15) after transforaminal epidural block, and a second group (n=15) whose members underwent only transforaminal epidural block on L4-L5 on the affected side. Follow-up after the procedure ran for a period ranging from 6 to 10 months (mean=8.2±2.1 months) for radicular pain score and the need for analgesics. The mean age of the patients was 54.8±18.4 years (range: 30-65 years). LRP duration in all patients before the procedure was 6-24 months (mean: 12±10.9 months), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. A greater reduction in the numerical rating scale (NRS) one week, 1, and 6 months after the procedure was observed in the group with GRCNB compared to the other group. The reduction in need for analgesics one week, 1, and 6 months after the procedure was statistically significant in the group with GRCNB compared to the group without GRCNB. No major complications were observed in any of the patients in either group. GRCNB is effective in reducing radicular pain and the need for analgesics in patients with lumbosacral radicular pain.
Morphometric Characteristics and Species Identification of Bed Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in Eastern Iran
Authors: Jadidoleslami Abbas , Moshaverinia Ali , Moghaddas Elham , Singham G. Veera
Published: June 2024

Background: The common bed bugs, Cimex lectularius, and tropical bed bugs, Cimex hemipterus are the primary spe­cies of public health importance in the family Cimicidae. This study aimed to determine the morphometric criteria and prevalent species of bed bugs in eastern Iran.
Methods: Bed bugs were collected from March 2021 to June 2022 from infested residential buildings and apartments in eastern Iran, including North Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi, and Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces. The morphological and morphometrical characteristics were used to identify collected bed bugs at inter- and intra-specific levels.
Results: A total of 34 isolates comprising 127 adult bed bugs were collected from Bojnord, Mashhad, Neishabur, Tai­bad, Sabzevar, Kashmer, Zahedan, Saravan, Rask, Pishin and Chabahar. Of these, 33 isolates (n=124) were found to be tropical bed bugs, C. hemipterus, and one population (n=3) was identified as C. lectularius. The index pronotal width/length ratio was calculated from 2.72 to 2.94 and 1.98 to 2.47 for C. lectularius and C. hemipterus, respectively. The length/width ratio of the hind femur was 3.365 in C. hemipterus and 4.267 in C. lectularius. The ratio of length/width of the third femur (F3 l/w) between populations of C. hemipterus was different, and this difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that C. hemipterus was the dominant bed bug species in the east of Iran and provided more morphometric criteria of C. hemipterus for researchers to identify the species and determine the in­traspecific variations in the present and future.
Investigation of Francisella tularensis Seroprevalence and Determination of Risk Factors for Tularemia among Hunters in Northern Cyprus
Authors: Güler Emrah , Güvenir Meryem , Korbay Berkem , Kiraz Aşkın , Süer Kaya
Published: June 2024

Background: Tularemia is a zoonotic disease (reservoir is usually rodents) caused by Francisella tularensis, especially seen in the northern hemisphere. Hunters are in the risk group for this disease. In this study, it was aimed to determine the seroprevalence of tularemia among hunters and determine the risk factors of tularemia in our country.
Methods: The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) is divided into four regions (Nicosia, Kyrenia, Famagu­sta/Trikomo, and Morphou/Lefka) and 100 volunteer hunters randomly selected from these regions were included in our study. Tube agglutination test (TAT) and F. tularensis IgG and IgM (ELISA method) were applied in all sera. All hunt­ers were filled with a pre-prepared questionnaire to determine risk factors for tularemia.
Results: TAT positivity was found in 11%. While F. tularensis ELISA IgG positivity was 17%, IgM positivity was not found in any hunters. Hunters with positive F. tularensis ELISA IgG test (17%) were accepted as seropositive in terms of tularemia. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean age of IgG-positive and negative hunt­ers (p= 0.915). Of the 86 hunters who kept at least one hunting dog in their garden, 15 (17.4%) were IgG-positive. There was no significant relationship between feeding hunting dogs and tularemia (p= 0.561).
Conclusion: Our study showed that the seroprevalence of tularemia was high (17%) among hunters, who are consid­ered a risk group, in our country. We think that more epidemiological research should be done on tularemia infection and it should not be overlooked in the clinic.
Pediculosis and Factors Affecting its Prevalence among Schoolchildren in Amol City, Northern Iran
Authors: Gholami Zohreh , Dayer Mohammad Saaid , Azarm Amrollah
Published: June 2024

Background: Head louse infestation, pediculosis, is a serious health problem worldwide. Infected children usually suf­fer from itching, allergies, and secondary infections besides psychological disorders such as depression and lack of self-confidence leading to school failure. This study aimed to investigate the status of pediculosis and its determinant factors among schoolchildren in Amol City, Northern Iran.
Methods: This study included 228 schools frequented by about 20017 students. Pediculosis was determined by careful examination of students’ hair on the scalp, back of the neck, and around the ears. The diagnosis was based on observa­tion of live adults, nymphs, and nits. A questionnaire was used to record the personal and demographic characteristics of participants.
Results: This study revealed that the prevalence of pediculosis among schoolchildren during all schooling seasons (au­tumn, winter, and spring) correlated with sex: the prevalence being higher among girls than boys (p= 0.00). In addition, the highest rates of pediculosis occurred during the autumn season (p= 0.00). The public schools accommodated higher numbers of louse-infected students than the private ones (p= 0.00). While head louse occurred at higher frequencies in long hair over the schooling year, dandruff had anti-louse effects (p= 0.00) during cold seasons, autumn, and winter. Socioeconomic status and educational level of parents played determinant roles in head louse prevalence (p= 0.00). Schoolchildren coming from socioeconomically well-situated families had lower rates of head louse infestation.
Conclusion: Our results showed that head pediculosis was a serious health problem among schoolchildren in Amol city and its prevalence and severity tended to be multifactorial.
Seroprevalence and Endemic Status of Babesia ovis by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in East Azerbaijan Province, North-West of Iran
Authors: Hashemzadeh-Farhang Hossein , Akbari-Shahkhosravi Nafis
Published: June 2024

Background: Babesia ovis, an intraerythrocytic parasite carried by ticks and one of the most common subclinical ovine illnesses, was studied to ascertain its seroprevalence and endemic status in ram and ewe populations in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, in lambs, yearlings, and adults of over two years of age.
Methods: A total of 960 sheep from 10 cities were selected from Jan 2018 to Nov 2019. Blood samples were collected from each animal and tested for the presence of B. ovis antibodies by applying a developed enzyme-linked immuno­sorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Checkerboard titrations were used to determine the optimal dilution of the antigen using negative and positive control sera. To determine whether the disease is endemically stable, inoculation rates for each age group were also calculated. Correlation coefficients were calculated between age and infection rates and also between age and inoculation rates.
Results: The results revealed an average infection rate of 49.4% in East Azerbaijan Province. There was a positive cor­relation between the age of animals and susceptibility to infection except for lambs and yearlings, whereas there was no meaningful difference in exposure to B. ovis between rams and ewes. The negative correlation between age and inocula­tion rates indicates increased disease instability with age. Inoculation rate results revealed the endemically instable sta­tus of B. ovis in the studied area.
Conclusion: High prevalence rates and endemically instable status of the disease suggest demand for vaccine develop­ment and implementation of appropriate control measures for ovine babesiosis to mitigate the associated economic loss­es.
Comparison and Analysis of CNN Models to Improve a Facial Emotion Classification Accuracy for Koreans and East Asians
Authors: Lee Jun-Hyeong , Song Ki-Sang
Published: June 2024

Facial emotion recognition is one of the popular tasks in computer vision.  Face recognition techniques based on deep learning can provide the best face recognition performance, but using these techniques requires a lot of labeled face data. Available large-scale facial datasets are predominantly Western and contain very few Asians. We found that models trained using these datasets were less accurate at identifying Asians than Westerners. Therefore, to increase the accuracy of Asians' facial identification, we compared and analyzed various CNN models that had been previously studied. We also added Asian faces and face data in realistic situations to the existing dataset and compared the results. As a result of model comparison, VGG16 and Xception models showed high prediction rates for facial emotion recognition in this study. and the more diverse the dataset, the higher the prediction rate. The prediction rate of the East Asian dataset for the model trained on FER2013 was relatively low. However, for data learned with KFE, the model prediction of FER2013 was predicted to be relatively high. However, because the number of East Asian datasets is small, caution is needed in interpretation. Through this study, it was confirmed that large CNN models can be used for facial emotion analysis, but that selection of an appropriate model is essential. In addition, it was confirmed once again that a variety of datasets and the prediction rate increase as a large amount of data is learned.
The Mixed MEWMA and MCUSUM Control Chart Design of Efficiency Series Data of Production Quality Process Monitoring
Authors: Devianto Dodi , Maiyastri  , Asdi Yudiantri , Maryati Sri , Sari Surya Puspita , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: June 2024

A control chart is a crucial statistical tool for tracking the average quality of the dispersion. A more sensitive control chart is also developed to detect minor changes in the efficiency monitoring process, along with the times when using multivariate and mixed models. The well-known multivariate control chart was introduced as T2 Hotelling; then, to achieve better sensitivity in multivariable, a control chart design was developed for MEWMA and MCUSUM. To find a more sensitive multivariate control chart, it is proposed the control chart MCUSUM type I (MC I) and MCUSUM type II (MC II), and their combination of efficiency as the Mixed MEWMA-MCUSUM type I (MEC I), and the Mixed MEWMA-MCUSUM type II (MEC II). This study was carried out to assess which multivariate control chart is more sensitive by focusing on the ability of the control chart to detect more out-of-control observations in a single control phase. This study used data on the manufacture of wheat flour with 1,380 observations, 30 subgroups, and 46 observations per subgroup. Moisture, ash, and gluten are the quality-related manufacturing data variables used. This study aims to develop the best-mixed control chart design of efficiency for production and quality process monitoring of flour production. Based on the study's findings, the MEC I control chart was shown to be the most sensitive, and this study also demonstrates that it is more sensitive than other multivariate control charts.
A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Approaches for Detecting Malicious Software
Authors: Yuanming Liu , Latih Rodziah
Published: June 2024

With the continuous development of technology, the types of malware and their variants continue to increase, which has become an enormous challenge to network security. These malware use a variety of technical means to deceive or evade traditional detection methods, making traditional signature-based rule-based malware identification methods no longer applicable. Many machine algorithms have attracted widespread academic attention as powerful malware detection and classification methods in recent years. After an in-depth study of rich literature and a comprehensive survey of the latest scientific research results, feature extraction is used as the basis for classification. By extracting meaningful features from malware samples, such as behavioral patterns, code structures, and file attributes, researchers can discern unique characteristics that distinguish malicious software from benign ones. This process is the foundation for developing effective detection models and understanding the underlying mechanisms of malware behavior. We divide feature engineering and learning-based methods into two categories for investigation. Feature engineering involves selecting and extracting relevant features from raw data, while learning-based methods leverage machine learning algorithms to analyze and classify malware based on these features. Supervised, unsupervised, and deep learning techniques have shown promise in accurately detecting and classifying malware, even in the face of evolving threats. On this basis, we further look into the current problems and challenges malware identification research faces.
Growth prospects for the silver economy in the market segment of residential care services provided to dependent elderly people
Authors: Iwański Rafał
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to characterise the determinants of the development of the silver economy in the field of care services provided in a residential form for dependent elderly persons in Poland. The analysis was carried out on the basis of statistical and financial background data, including those from the Ministry of Family and Social Affairs, the Ministry of Health, OECD, etc. Although the demand for care services will continue to grow in the coming years, the following barriers to the development of this segment of the silver economy can be identified: lack of employees, unattractiveness of monetary gratification, inefficient financing mechanisms, lack of public investment in the development of care facilities, and increasing costs of providing services in all forms.
Analyzing Student's Perceptions about the Values of Digital Citizenship
Authors: ALAwAmRAh Abdelsalam F. ,   Foundation of Education, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan, Al Ajmi Hadi , Darawsheh Najwa A. , Alrashdan Hanadi , Alkailanee Khaleda Kh , almheiri Abdulla sultan bin Hareb , Aldarmaki Ibrahim A. E. , Darawsheh O. , Urabi Ola A. ,   Educational Management, Arab Open University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Educational Foundations and Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan,   Department of Educational Foundations and Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan,   Department of Educational Foundations and Administration, Faculty of Educational Sciences, the Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan,   Department of Islamic Studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,   Department of Islamic Studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,   Business Management, Luminus Technical University College, Irbid, Jordan,   Department of English language and literature, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we examine the impact of the pandemic on university students in Jordan, focusing on their digital citizenship and attitudes towards distance learning. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey, with 780 participants. The findings reveal that distance learning is widely applicable, with 89.87% of students utilizing live online learning content. The majority of students exhibit responsible online behavior, respecting others and refraining from bullying. They also actively engage in digital activities, express their opinions, and share their expertise online. Additionally, many students use technology for legitimate purchases during the pandemic. However, 95% of participants are aware of the potential health issues caused by excessive digital device use. Finally, it is shown that the university students in Jordan demonstrate good knowledge and positive attitudes towards digital citizenship, highlighting the importance of digital literacy and responsible online behavior in the face of the COVID-19 crisis.
Bivariate Lomax Distribution Based on Clayton Copula: Estimation and Prediction
Authors: Fayomi A. ,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Refaey R. M. , AL-Dayian G. R. , EL-Helbawy A. A. , Mahmoud A. A. M. , Abd Elaal M. ,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Commerce, AL-Azhar University, (Girls’ Branch), Cairo, Egypt,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Commerce, AL-Azhar University, (Girls’ Branch), Cairo, Egypt,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Commerce, AL-Azhar University, (Girls’ Branch), Cairo, Egypt,   Department of Statistics, Faculty of Commerce, AL-Azhar University, (Girls’ Branch), Cairo, Egypt,   Department of Statistics, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11751, Egypt\\ Canal High Institute of Engineering and Technology, Suez, Egypt
Published: June 2024

Lomax distribution has been studied by many statisticians due to its important role in reliability modeling and lifetime testing. The bivariate Lomax distribution is an important lifetime distribution in survival analysis. In this article, a bivariate Lomax distribution is constructed based on Clayton copula. The joint probability density function and the joint cumulative distribution function are derived in closed forms. Some properties of this bivariate distribution are discussed. The maximum likelihood and Bayes estimators for the unknown parameters are derived. Also, the maximum likelihood and Bayesian two-sample prediction for the future observations are obtained. The performance of the proposed bivariate distribution is examined using a simulation study. Finally, one real data set under the proposed distribution is considered to illustrate its flexibility and applicability for real-life applications.
Plurilingualism
Authors: Fleming Douglas , Mbida Leilah , Bangou Francis , Fleuret Carole , Masson Marie-Emilie , Thibeault Joël , Arnott Stephanie
Published: June 2024

This article outlines a literature review of the current anglophone academic literature pertaining to plurilingualism. We summarize 24 of the most pertinent articles in terms of resistance to the adoption of plurilingual pedagogy; key factors in changing attitudes toward the approach; identified classroom options; and implications for teacher education. To us, it is clear that plurilingualism can make a difference in terms of facilitating gains in linguistic abilities, strengthening student self-confidence, and addressing issues related to social justice. Conceptually, language should be linked to multiple repertoires and identities that are living entities rather than things to be mastered. However, concrete institutional policy and material supports are key. We do note that much work within the previous literature also problematized decontextualized and standardized orientations toward language, especially in terms of the erroneous notion of the “native speaker.” Through this literature review, however, we argue that plurilingualism can potentially deepen this trend and add valuable conceptual insights and contribute to concrete pedagogical change as long as the concerns of classroom teachers arerespected. Thus, it is not completely a case of plurilingualism amounting to being “old wine in new bottles.”
Cet article présente une revue de la littérature scientifique anglophone actuelle sur le plurilinguisme. Nous résumons 24 des articles les plus pertinents sur le plan de la résistance à l’adoption d’une pédagogie plurilingue, des facteurs clés du changement des attitudes à l’égard de l’approche plurilingue, des options identifiées d’implantation en salle de classe ainsi que des implications pour la formation enseignante. Il est clair pour nous que le plurilinguisme peut faire une différence en facilitant l’acquisition de compétences linguistiques, en renforçant la confiance en soi des apprenants et en s’attaquant aux enjeux de justice sociale. D’un point de vue conceptuel, la langue devrait être liée à de multiples répertoires et identités qui constituent des entités vivantes plutôt que des objets à maîtriser. Cependant, des politiques institutionnelles concrètes et du soutien matériel sont essentiels. Nous constatons que de nombreux travaux dans la littérature existante ont également problématisé les orientations décontextualisées et standardisées envers la langue, notamment en ce qui concerne la notion erronée de « locuteur natif ». Dans le cadre de cette revue de littérature, nous soutenons toutefois que le plurilinguisme peut potentiellement accentuer cette tendance, apporter des éclairages conceptuels précieux et contribuer à des changements pédagogiques concrets, à condition que les préoccupations des enseignants soient respectées. Ainsi, l’enjeu du plurilinguisme ne se résume pas au fait de « mettre du vieux vin dans de nouvelles bouteilles ».
Prevalence of Amblyopia in 2018
Authors: Auf Rehab , Selim Mazen , Selim Emad
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Amblyopia is a leading cause of preventable visual impairment which can have consequences on psychosocial wellbeing. This study aims to find out the prevalence of amblyopia reported in 2018. Methods: PubMed was searched for amblyopia prevalence. Relevant articles were reviewed.
DEVELOPING ACTIVITY, INDEPENDENCE AND FINE MOTOR ASPECT USING THE DONAT MODEL OF GROUP B CHILDREN
Authors: Amelia Najma , Cinantya Celia
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this research is developing children’s fine motor skills in cutting according to patterns through the DONAT model (Direct instructiON and media Awan pinTar). The approach used is a qualitative approach with the type of Classsroom Action Research which is held in three meetings. The research subjects were the children of group B TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 36 Banjarmasin in the 2022/2023 academic year, which consisted of 18 children. The results showed that the teacher’s activity at the 3rd meeting obtained a score of 27 and reached the Very Good criteria. The activity of the 3rd meeting children obtained a percentage of 94% and reached the criteria for All Active Children. The independence of the 3rd meeting children obtained a percentage 0f 83% and reached the criteria for All Independent Children. The results of the child’s fine motor development obtained a percentage of 83% and reached the Very Good Development criteria.
Racial Discrimination and Resistance in Judas and the Black Messiah Film
Authors: Majid Deden Dailami
Published: June 2024

Judas and the Black Messiah reflects the real events focusing on O’Neal’s betrayal to Hampton in the late 1960s directed by Shaka King. This research aims to determine the racial discrimination towards the black characters and resistance strategies in the Judas and the Black Messiah (2021). In this research, the writer applied a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis technique in analyzing the data. Furthermore, in this research, the writer utilized Racial Discrimination theory proposed by Rebecca M. Blank and Marilyn Dabady to examine the racial discrimination against the black characters. The results show black characters facing racial discrimination on a daily basis in three forms, such as in Explicit Discrimination, Statistical Discrimination and Profiling, and Organizational Processes. The members of the Black Panther Party are labeled as a group of criminals by the government and stated as a threat to national security. Thus, this makes the black characters have to suffer on a daily basis through physical attack from the police and often receive racial slurs. Nevertheless, the result also portrays the black characters in utilizing the resistance strategies to fight against racial discrimination. There are several strategies utilized by the black characters, such as Political Education, Coalition Building, Direct Actions and Protests, and Empowerment Through Leadership. It attempts to fight back against injustice treatment and government oppression of minorities. Keywords: Black Characters, Racial Discrimination, Racism, Resistance Strategies
STUDENTS' INSIGHTS: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF KAMPUNG INGGRIS LC TIKTOK ACCOUNT ON VOCABULARY ENHANCEMENT
Authors: Hafid Al Ghozali Imam , Rizal Daviq
Published: June 2024

Digital platforms such as TikTok have become increasingly popular in language learning in recent years, especially for students studying English as a foreign language (EFL). With regard to the platform's influence on EFL learners' language acquisition, the study addresses Kampung Inggris LC TikTok Account's novel approach to vocabulary building. The research aimed to explore EFL students' perspectives on using the Kampung Inggris LC TikTok Account as a tool for learning English vocabulary. The study used quantitative survey to gauge users' perceptions and experiences with  Kampung Inggris LC TikTok Account. Out of the 126 participants in the study, 40 were students from UIN Walisongo and 86 were from Man 2 Tegal. Data collection was gathered through a Google Form. The findings of this study suggest that Kampung Inggris LC TikTok Account can be a valuable tool for EFL students to enhance their vocabulary skills. The videos' engaging and interactive nature make them appealing to a wide range of learners.
Validity of Student Worksheets Based on Multiple Representations of Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Materials
Authors: Syauqiah Nazwa , Rahmawati Helda , Irawati Ratna Kartika
Published: June 2024

Multiple representations can facilitate the understanding of abstract chemical concepts. Multiple representations can be incorporated into teaching materials, such as Student Worksheets, to create Multiple Representation-based Student Worksheets. This study aims to analyze the validity of Student Worksheets based on multiple representations of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions. The research utilized the Research and Development (R&D) model with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) development stages, reaching the development stage in this study. Data were obtained from material expert and media expert validators. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the validity results. The Student Worksheets based on multiple representations of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials achieved an average validity percentage of 84.37% from material experts and 95% from media experts, categorizing them as very valid. These worksheets, focusing on the validity aspect, are effective in assisting students in understanding chemical concepts.
The Development of Virtual Reality-Based Physics Learning Media on Kepler’s Law Topic
Authors: Ma'ruf Ma'ruf , Sultan Ana Dhiqfaini , Haerunnisa Suci
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine the validity and practicality of virtual reality-based physics learning media on the topic of Kepler's laws. The number of participants in this research was 32 students and two teachers. The research method used was the R&D research method and the ADDIE approach. Data analysis was conducted using the Gregory test and the results of the data analysis. The virtual reality-based physics learning media on the topic of Kepler's laws has high content validity, with an average score of 0.97, and the results show that both the teachers and students had a high level of cognitive, affective, and conative responses to the VR-based learning medium. The average cognitive response was 80%, the average affective response was 85%, and the average conative response was 80%. Overall, the high level of response from the teachers and students suggests that the VR-based learning medium is practical for teaching Kepler's laws to physics students. These results demonstrate that the virtual reality-based learning medium is an effective tool for teaching and learning about Kepler's laws interactively and visually.
Karakteristik dan Komposisi Minyak Atsiri dari Sampel Gabungan Daun-Ranting Limau Kuit Asal Astambul dan Aranio
Authors: Fitria Delfa Nayla , Irwan Azidi , Abdullah Abdullah
Published: June 2024

Limau kuit is believed to be a local orange from South Kalimantan. Limau kuit has a distinctive aroma different from other oranges and is thought from its essential oil. The essential oil from limau kuit has the potential to be extracted and produced into valuable goods. Limau kuit essential oil from a combination of leaves and twigs has never been reported before. The composition of essential oils is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The region producing limau kuit in Kabupaten Banjar is in Kecamatan Astambul and Kecamatan Aranio. These places geographically have different conditions, especially the altitude of the location, so it is thought to have a difference in the essential oils. This research aims to obtain essential oil from the leaves and twigs of limau kuit by hydrosteam distillation and determine the characteristics and composition of each plant's origin. Hydrosteam distillation was carried out for 6 hours at 60-70 °C. The essential oil of leaves and twigs of limau kuit is transparent pale yellow and has an aroma similar to the source with an average yield of 0.6027% (v/w) or 0.5062% (w/w). The specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation, and solubility in alcohol, respectively, of Astambul essential oil are 0.8540; 1.4792; (-14.05); and 1:6; and Aranio 0.8495; 1.4792; (+)0.16, and 1:7. Based on the results of GC-MS analysis, the components of Astambul and Aranio essential oils overall tend to be the same with a difference of 25%. Number of compounds in essential oil from Astambul was 32, while from Aranio was 38. The three main compounds in essential oils from Astambul and Aranio are g-terpinene, o-cymene, and (+)-bicyclogermacrene, with the respective %area in Astambul essential oil, was 25%; 13.22%, and 6.38%; and Aranio was 22.43%; 11.68%; and 5.88%.KEYWORD : Limau kuit leaves-twigs; essential oil; hydrosteam distillation; Astambul; Aranio.
Rancang Bangun Generator Termoelektrik Dengan Metode Efek Seebeck Sebagai Alternatif Pembangkit Energi Listrtik
Authors: Sari Nurma , Sugriwan Iwan , Sari Nor Dewi
Published: June 2024

One of the alternative technologies for generating electrical energy is a thermoelectric generator using the Seebeck effect method. This study aims to determine the effect of measuring angles and distances on the value of the Seebeck coefficient. This design consists of six peltier type TEC1-12706 in series and parallel, two digital multimeters to read voltage and current given a 10 ohm resistor, two DS18B20 sensors. waterproof to read the temperature from both sides of the thermoelectric with an aluminum plate on the hot side and a heatsink equipped with a 12 volt dc fan on the cold side, 20 x 4 character LCD, SD card module, RTC module and Arduino UNO R3 microcontroller. Tool temperature is made to get the comparison results obtained with an average error value with a range of 200C -100 0C of 1.330C sensor 1 and 1.150C sensor 2 and seen from the standard error value of the statistical test comparison of measuring instruments is 0.04 and 0.06. The design that has been made uses the Arduino IDE program to program and display data on the LCD and the RTC and SD card modules are used to display data in real time and store temperature data in the form of a notepad. Based on measurements of the thermoelectric output value with an angle of 600,900,1200,1500 and 1800 and distances of 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm using the heat source of the ironing elements positioned from the top, bottom and sides. The thermoelectric can produce a voltage of 0.22910 V and a current of 0.01238 A. The heater position from the side is connected in series and 0.05450 V, the current is 0.00261 A from the bottom in parallel which is obtained from the best angle of 600 at adistance of 5 cm.