bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a strategy for the identification of surface proteins in the pathogenic microsporidianNosema bombycis
Authors: ZHAO WEIXI , HAO YOUJIN , WANG LINGLIN , ZHOU ZEYANG , LI ZHI
Published: March 2015

Parasite–host interactions mediated by cell surface proteins have been implicated as a critical step in infections caused by the microsporidianNosema bombycis. Such cell surface proteins are considered as promising diagnostic markers and targets for drug development. However, little research has specifically addressed surface proteome identification in microsporidia due to technical barriers. Here, a combined strategy was developed to separate and identify the surface proteins ofN. bombycis. Briefly, following (1) biotinylation of the spore surface, (2) extraction of total proteins with an optimized method and (3) streptavidin affinity purification of biotinylated proteins, 22 proteins were identified based on LC-MS/MS analysis. Among them, 5 proteins were confirmed to be localized on the surface ofN. bombycis. A total of 8 proteins were identified as hypothetical extracellular proteins, whereas 7 other hypothetical proteins had no available function annotation. Furthermore, a protein with a molecular weight of 18·5 kDa was localized on the spore surface by western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis, even though it was predicted to be a nuclear protein by bioinformatics. Collectively, our work provides an effective strategy for isolating microsporidian surface protein components for both drug target identification and further diagnostic research on microsporidian disease control.
Families, Funerals and Facebook: Reimag(in)ing and ‘Curating’ Toraja Kin in Trans-local Times
Authors: Adams Kathleen M.
Published: March 2015

The Sa'dan Toraja of upland Sulawesi, Indonesia have long been celebrated in the anthropological literature for their elaborate procession-filled mortuary rituals, which draw vast networks of kith and kin to mourn, memorialise, and reaffirm familial bonds and obligations. Whether residing in the homeland or abroad, most Torajans underscore funeral rites as the most vital expression of Toraja familial and cultural identity. Although some estimates suggest that more Torajans now reside off-island and overseas than remain in the homeland, extended familial funerals in the homeland continue to have a centripetal physical, economic and emotional pull. While various scholars have documented the ways in which remittances from Toraja migrants or the presence of international tourists have transformed Toraja funerals in recent decades, this article focusses on the role of social media in navigating global familial relationships and rituals. Indonesia has the largest number of Facebook subscribers in the world, and this study offers the first exploration of the ways in which Facebook interweaves far-flung familial relationships. This study also examines house-society orientations in the Toraja highlands and addresses the use of Facebook by Torajans in the homeland to cultivate continued allegiances to ancestral houses (around which extended Toraja families are oriented). Finally, this article also examines a large-scale 2012 Toraja funeral in order to spotlight the contours of the Toraja family in the current era of neoliberalism and cyber-technologies. The article offers insights into the ways in which various Torajans navigate social media and non-local corporations to image, reimagine and negotiate familial identities for various audiences (local, national and transnational).
Transition von der Kindheit zur Adoleszenz – eine qualitative Studie zum Erleben von Adoleszenten mit Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus und ihren Müttern
Authors: Gabele Angela , Budde Jörg , Spichiger Elisabeth
Published: March 2015

Hintergrund: In Deutschland erkranken jährlich etwa 2 200 Kinder unter 14 Jahren an Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Bei Kleinkindern führen die Eltern das Diabetes-Management durch, später übernehmen Kinder einzelne Aufgaben. Während der Transition von der Kindheit zur Adoleszenz, im Alter von 8 – 13 Jahren, lernen Kinder selbstständiger zu werden. Kinder mit T1DM bewältigen eine weitere Transition im Diabetes-Management. Bislang fokussierte die Forschung jedoch auf die Transition Adoleszenz – Volljährigkeit. Fragestellung: Mit der Studie wurden das Erleben von Jugendlichen mit T1DM und ihrer Mütter während der Transition von der Kindheit zur Adoleszenz und die Bedeutung von Selbstständigkeit exploriert. Methode: Die interpretierende phänomenologische Studie fand in zwei süddeutschen Diabetes-Ambulanzen statt. Sechs Jugendliche und ihre Mütter nahmen an Interviews mit offenen Fragen teil. Daten wurden mittels Fall- und thematischer Analyse ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Jugendliche erlebten die Übernahme der Diabetes-Aufgaben für immer längere Zeiträume und die damit verbundene größere Selbstständigkeit als befreiend. Mütter lernten ihren Kindern dies zuzutrauen. Ihre größte Sorge blieb eine mögliche Hypoglykämie. Familienmitglieder und Lehrer(innen) waren unterschiedlich in das Diabetes-Management involviert. Die kontinuierliche Betreuung durch dieselben Ärzte/Ärztinnen der Ambulanzen wurde als unterstützend erlebt. Schlussfolgerung: Eine kontinuierliche Betreuung durch dieselben Fachpersonen kann sich positiv auf die Transition Kindheit – Adoleszenz von Kindern mit T1DM auswirken.
Arbeitgeberattraktivität
Authors: Lohaus Daniela , Rietz Christian
Published: March 2015

Aufgrund des Fachkräftemangels intensivieren Unternehmen ihre Maßnahmen zur Steigerung der Arbeitgeberattraktivität im Rahmen der Rekrutierung neuer Mitarbeiter. Entscheidend ist dabei, was die gesuchten Fach- und Führungskräfte als attraktiv bewerten. In zwei Experimenten, in denen Studierende der Betriebswirtschaftslehre die Attraktivität von Stellenangeboten bewerteten, wurden instrumentelle und symbolische Faktoren der Arbeitgeberattraktivität variiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das symbolische Merkmal Bekanntheit des Unternehmens die Attraktivität signifikant beeinflusst. Die instrumentellen Merkmale (ein Label, erfolgreich an einem Arbeitgeberwettbewerb teilgenommen zu haben, sowie ein Label, das eine positive Unternehmenskultur signalisiert) hatten keinen Einfluss. Die Ergebnisse werden als Beleg dafür interpretiert, dass Faktoren, die symbolischen Nutzen darstellen, wichtiger sind als Hinweise auf gelebte Werte.
Pay for Performance Does Not Always Increase Performance
Authors: Dorn Michael , Messner Claude , Ouertani Jasmin
Published: March 2015

Pay for performance can have a positive or a negative influence on actual performance. The aim of this study was to give an explanation for this contradiction. We demonstrated that the variability of the payment can act as a stressor. According to the transactional model of stress, the influence on performance depends on the subjective interpretation of the variability as challenge or threat. Therefore we manipulated the degree of variability. The data showed decreasing performance for participants who preferred less-variable payments. They performed better under a less-variable rather than more-variable payment. The participants who preferred more-variable payment schemes showed the opposite pattern. These participants showed a higher performance under a more-variable rather than less-variable payment scheme.
Interior Department Issues Fracking Standards
Authors: Showstack Randy
Published: March 2015

The Department of the Interior has issued new standards on hydraulic fracturing, including measures to protect groundwater and disclose chemical use.
End-targeting proteomics of isolated chromatin segments of a mammalian ribosomal RNA gene promoter
Authors: Ide Satoru , Dejardin Jerome
Published: March 2015

The unbiased identification of proteins associated with specific loci is crucial for understanding chromatin-based processes. The proteomics of isolated chromatin fragment (PICh) method has previously been developed to purify telomeres and identify associated proteins. This approach is based on the affinity capture of endogenous chromatin segments by hybridization with oligonucleotide containing locked nucleic acids. However, PICh is only efficient with highly abundant genomic targets, limiting its applicability. Here we develop an approach for identifying factors bound to the promoter region of the ribosomal RNA genes that we call end-targeting PICh (ePICh). Using ePICh, we could specifically enrich the RNA polymerase I pre-initiation complex, including the selectivity factor 1. The high purity of the ePICh material allowed the identification of ZFP106, a novel factor regulating transcription initiation by targeting RNA polymerase I to the promoter. Our results demonstrate that ePICh can uncover novel proteins controlling endogenous regulatory elements in mammals.
Giant oscillating thermopower at oxide interfaces
Authors: Pallecchi Ilaria , Telesio Francesca , Li Danfeng , Fête Alexandre , Gariglio Stefano , Triscone Jean-Marc , Filippetti Alessio , Delugas Pietro , Fiorentini Vincenzo , Marré Daniele
Published: March 2015

Understanding the nature of charge carriers at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface is one of the major open issues in the full comprehension of the charge confinement phenomenon in oxide heterostructures. Here, we investigate thermopower to study the electronic structure in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 at low temperature as a function of gate field. In particular, under large negative gate voltage, corresponding to the strongly depleted charge density regime, thermopower displays high negative values of the order of 104–105μVK−1, oscillating at regular intervals as a function of the gate voltage. The huge thermopower magnitude can be attributed to the phonon-drag contribution, while the oscillations map the progressive depletion and the Fermi level descent across a dense array of localized states lying at the bottom of the Ti 3d conduction band. This study provides direct evidence of a localized Anderson tail in the two-dimensional electron liquid at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface.
Improving the extraction of headspace volatile compounds: development of a headspace multi-temperature solid-phase micro-extraction-single shot-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (mT-HSSPME-ss-GC/MS) method and application to characterization of ground coffee aroma
Authors: Lee Changgook , Lee Younghoon , Lee Jae-Gon , Buglass Alan J.
Published: March 2015

mT-HSSPME-ss-GC/MS compensates for temperature bias during extraction.
Membrane adhesion and the formation of heterogeneities: biology, biophysics, and biotechnology
Authors: Gordon V. D. , O'Halloran T. J. , Shindell O.
Published: March 2015

How membrane adhesion links to lipid and protein heterogeneities is not well-understood and is an understudied area ripe for development.
Tetrapeptide unfolding dynamics followed by core-level spectroscopy: a first-principles approach
Authors: Taioli Simone , Simonucci Stefano , a Beccara Silvio , Garavelli Marco
Published: March 2015

An apparatus set-up for performing time-resolved synchrotron measurements of core level shifts in a model bio-molecule.
Energetics of atomic scale structure changes in graphene
Authors: Skowron Stephen T. , Lebedeva Irina V. , Popov Andrey M. , Bichoutskaia Elena
Published: March 2015

An overview of theoretical and experimental studies concerned with energetics of atomic scale structure changes in graphene, including thermally activated and electron irradiation-induced processes.
Comparative transcriptome analysis between csrA-disruption Clostridium acetobutylicum and its parent strain
Authors: Tan Yang , Liu Zi-Yong , Liu Zhen , Zheng Hua-Jun , Li Fu-Li
Published: March 2015

This study represented the first attempt to investigate the global regulation of CsrA through transcriptome analysis in Gram-positive bacteria.
High surface area and oxygen-enriched activated carbon synthesized from animal cellulose and evaluated in electric double-layer capacitors
Authors: Gao Yuan , Yue Qinyan , Gao Baoyu
Published: March 2015

Mechanism diagram for the synthesis of activated carbons from crab shell wastes.
The role of hydroxyl channel in defining selected physicochemical peculiarities exhibited by hydroxyapatite
Authors: Uskoković Vuk
Published: March 2015

Physicochemical peculiarities of hydroxyapatite are explained referring to its essential crystallographic feature: a hydroxyl channel passing through the center of theP63/mhexagons.
Green detection of the olive fruit fly pest by the direct determination of its sexual pheromone
Authors: Alcudia-León María del Carmen , Cárdenas Soledad , Valcárcel Miguel , Lucena Rafael
Published: March 2015

Bactrocera oleaeGmelin, the olive fruit fly, is considered a serious pest in the cultivation of olive trees since the larvae feed on the fruit damaging the productivity and quality of the final products (olive fruit and olive oil).
Rh(iii)- or Ir(iii)-catalyzed ynone synthesis from aldehydes via chelation-assisted C–H bond activation
Authors: Ai Wen , Wu Yunxiang , Tang Huanyu , Yang Xueyan , Yang Yaxi , Li Yuanchao , Zhou Bing
Published: March 2015

A simple and practical synthesis of ynones directly from readily available aldehydes was developed for the first time under mild reaction conditions via a Rh(iii)- or Ir(iii)-catalyzed formyl C–H bond activation.
Prussian blue without coordinated water as a superior cathode for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Dezhi , Xu Jing , Liao Xiao-Zhen , Wang Hong , He Yu-Shi , Ma Zi-Feng
Published: March 2015

Prussian blue without coordinated water delivered super-high electrochemical performances with sufficient redox reactions when employed as a cathode in sodium ion batteries.
A hybrid adsorbent/visible light photocatalyst for the abatement of microcystin-LR in water
Authors: Długosz M. , Kwiecień A. , Żmudzki P. , Bober B. , Krzek J. , Bialczyk J. , Nowakowska M. , Szczubiałka K.
Published: March 2015

A hybrid adsorbent/photocatalyst was obtained and used for the removal of microcystin-LR, a potent toxin, from water via adsorption and photocatalyzed oxidation with singlet oxygen.
Rhodium-catalysed synthesis of multi-substituted silylindenes from aryl alkynes and hydrosilanes via C–H bond activation
Authors: Sueki Shunsuke , Kuninobu Yoichiro
Published: March 2015

We successfully developed rhodium-catalysed synthesis of multi-substituted silylindenes from 2 equivalents of aryl alkynes and 1 equivalent of hydrosilanes in moderate to good yields via C–H bond activation for the first time.
Catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of quinoline carbocycles: unusual chemoselectivity in the hydrogenation of quinolines
Authors: Kuwano Ryoichi , Ikeda Ryuhei , Hirasada Kazuki
Published: March 2015

A chiral PhTRAP–ruthenium catalyst selectively hydrogenates the quinoline carbocycles to afford 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolines with up to 91 : 9 er.
In situ Raman mapping for identifying transient solid forms
Authors: Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Burley Jonathan C.
Published: March 2015

In situRaman surface mapping on a trihydrate sample provides evidence for the existence of a transient phase X on the route to its stable anhydrous polymorph I. The phase transformation events are observed in the order trihydrate → transient phase → form I.
Electrocapillary coupling at rough surfaces
Authors: Deng Qibo , Gosslar Daniel-Hendrik , Smetanin Maxim , Weissmüller Jörg
Published: March 2015

The surface roughness of an electrode has a strong impact on the apparent value of electrocapillary coupling coefficient, ςeff, which relates the response of electrode potential to tangential strain.
Environmental applications of graphene-based nanomaterials
Authors: Perreault François , Fonseca de Faria Andreia , Elimelech Menachem
Published: March 2015

A critical assessment of recent developments in environmental applications of graphene and graphene-based materials.
Assessing the impacts of climate change and socio-economic changes on flow and phosphorus flux in the Ganga river system
Authors: Jin L. , Whitehead P. G. , Sarkar S. , Sinha R. , Futter M. N. , Butterfield D. , Caesar J. , Crossman J.
Published: March 2015

Anthropogenic climate change has impacted and will continue to impact the natural environment and people around the world.
Assessment of radical scavenging capacity of antioxidants contained in foods and beverages in plasma solution
Authors: Morita Mayuko , Naito Yuji , Yoshikawa Toshikazu , Niki Etsuo
Published: March 2015

Amount and rate of scavenging radical by antioxidants contained in foods and beverages are assessed in plasma solution.
Design and fabrication of magnetically functionalized flexible micropillar arrays for rapid and controllable microfluidic mixing
Authors: Zhou Bingpu , Xu Wei , Syed Ahad A , Chau Yeungyeung , Chen Longqing , Chew Basil , Yassine Omar , Wu Xiaoxiao , Gao Yibo , Zhang Jingxian , Xiao Xiao , Kosel Jürgen , Zhang Xi-Xiang , Yao Zhaohui , Wen Weijia
Published: March 2015

We present a rapid and controllable microfluidic mixing strategy with magnetically functionalized PDMS micropillar arrays triggered via an on/off magnetic field stimulus.
Divergent, stereoselective access to heterocyclic α,α-quaternary- and β2,3,3-amino acid derivatives from a N-Pmp-protected Orn-derived β-lactam
Authors: Núñez-Villanueva Diego , García-López M. Teresa , Martín-Martínez Mercedes , González-Muñiz Rosario
Published: March 2015

A uniqueN-p-methoxybenzyl Orn-derived (3S,4S)-β-lactam was divergently transformed into (3S,4S)-2-oxoazepane-α,α- and (2S,3S)-2-oxopiperidine-β2,3,3-amino acid derivatives.
Synthesis and quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) study of C7-oxime ester derivatives of obacunone as insecticidal agents
Authors: Yu Xiang , Shi Danfeng , Zhi Xiaoyan , Li Qin , Yao Xiaojun , Xu Hui
Published: March 2015

Some compounds exhibited more promising insecticidal activity than toosendanin (a positive control). QSAR model suggested that five descriptors (RDF100v, RDF105u, Dm, Mor15m and R1u) were likely to affect the insecticidal activity of these compounds.
One-pot synthesis of 2,3-substituted benzo[b]thiophenes via Cu(i) catalysed intramolecular cyclisation from dithioesters
Authors: Sandhya Nagarakere. C. , Nandeesh Kebbahalli. N. , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal. S. , Ananda Sannaiah.
Published: March 2015

The novel route involves CuI catalyzed C–S bond formation using dithioesters. This approach is valuable for synthesis of rolaxifene analogues.
Nanoparticles of Cu–Co alloy supported on high surface area LaFeO3—preparation and catalytic performance for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas
Authors: Liu Guilong , Pan Dongming , Niu Ting , Cao Ang , Yue Yizhi , Liu Yuan
Published: March 2015

Cu–Co-alloy/La2O3–LaFeO3materials with high surface area and mesoporosity were obtained. The prepared catalysts showed excellent catalytic performance for higher alcohol synthesis.
Robust reduced graphene oxide paper fabricated with a household non-stick frying pan: a large-area freestanding flexible substrate for supercapacitors
Authors: Huang Yang , Zhu Minshen , Meng Wenjun , Fu Yuqiao , Wang Zifeng , Huang Yan , Pei Zengxia , Zhi Chunyi
Published: March 2015

Graphene papers facilely fabricated in non-stick frying pans were demonstrated to possess great potential in flexible and robust all-solid supercapacitors.
Green preparation and characterization of a novel heat stabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride)–hydrocalumites
Authors: Wen Xing , Yang Zhanhong , Yan Jie , Xie Xiaoe
Published: March 2015

Hydrocalumites are successfully prepared by using Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3 and Na2CO3 with different reaction times and crystallization times.
Reversible photo-responsive vesicle based on the complexation between an azobenzene containing molecule and α-cyclodextrin
Authors: Liu Jianjia , Yan Liang , Wang Jie , Li Tao , Zhao Hanqing , Li Li , Lincoln Stephen F. , Prud’homme Robert K. , Guo Xuhong
Published: March 2015

Reversible spherical vesicles were constructed by the self-assembly of an amphiphilic molecule (Azo-Cl). With equimolar α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), the vesicles formation and destruction could be controlled by alternating UV-vis irradiation.
N/Si co-doped oriented single crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorods for photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Zhang Xiaofan , Zhang Bingyan , Zuo Zhixiang , Wang Mingkui , Shen Yan
Published: March 2015

N/Si codoping can largely increase the TiO2 nanorod activity for water splitting, achieving an overall solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 1.1%.
Improving the permeance of hybrid polymer/metal–organic framework (MOF) membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) – development of MOF thin films via interfacial synthesis
Authors: Campbell James , Davies R. P. , Braddock D. Christopher , Livingston A. G.
Published: March 2015

Films of HKUST-1 were fabricated, via interfacial synthesis, on polymer supports. MOF thin film composite membranes (MOF-TFCs) have similar solute retentions as in situ growth (ISG) membranes; but permeances are over 3 times higher.
Hierarchical mesoporous anatase TiO2nanostructures with efficient photocatalytic and photovoltaic performances
Authors: Kim Hyung-Bae , Kim Harkjin , Lee Wan In , Jang Du-Jeon
Published: March 2015

Hedgehog-like hierarchical mesoporous anatase TiO2nanostructures show highly efficient photocatalytic and photovoltaic performances.
Effect of Al/Si substitution on the structure and luminescence properties of CaSrSiO4:Ce3+ phosphors: analysis based on the polyhedra distortion
Authors: Miao Shihai , Xia Zhiguo , Molokeev Maxim S. , Chen Mingyue , Zhang Jie , Liu Quanlin
Published: March 2015

The polyhedra distortion originating from the variation of [(Si,Al)O4] induced a red-shift of the Ce3+ emission in CaSrSi1−xAlxO4:Ce3+,Li+ phosphors.
The Influence of Reading on Vocabulary Growth: A Case for a Matthew Effect
Authors: Duff Dawna , Tomblin J. Bruce , Catts Hugh
Published: March 2015

Purpose

Individual differences in vocabulary development may affect academic or social opportunities. It has been proposed that individual differences in word reading could affect the rate of vocabulary growth, mediated by the amount of reading experience, a process referred to as a
Matthew effect
(Stanovich, 1986).

Method

In the current study, assessments of written word–reading skills in the 4th grade and oral vocabulary knowledge collected in kindergarten and in the 4th, 8th, and 10th grades from a large epidemiologically based sample (
n
= 485) allowed a test of the relationship of early word-reading skills and the subsequent rate of vocabulary growth.

Results

Consistent with the hypothesis, multilevel modeling revealed the rate of vocabulary growth after the 4th grade to be significantly related to 4th-grade word reading after controlling for kindergarten vocabulary level, that is, above average readers experienced a higher rate of vocabulary growth than did average readers.

Conclusions

Vocabulary growth rate differences accumulated over time such that the effect on vocabulary size was large.
The Aphasia Communication Outcome Measure (ACOM): Dimensionality, Item Bank Calibration, and Initial Validation
Authors: Hula William D. , Doyle Patrick J. , Stone Clement A. , Austermann Hula Shannon N. , Kellough Stacey , Wambaugh Julie L. , Ross Katherine B. , Schumacher James G. , St. Jacque Ann
Published: March 2015

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure and measurement properties of the Aphasia Communication Outcome Measure (ACOM), a patient-reported outcome measure of communicative functioning for persons with aphasia.

Method

Three hundred twenty-nine participants with aphasia responded to 177 items asking about communicative functioning. The data were analyzed using a categorical item factor analysis approach. Validity of ACOM scores on the basis of their convergence with performance-based, clinician-reported, and surrogate-reported assessments of communication was also assessed.

Results

Fifty-nine items that obtained adequate fit to a modified bifactor measurement model and functioned similarly across several demographic and clinical subgroupings were identified. The factor model estimates were transformed to item response theory graded response model parameters, and the resulting score estimates showed good precision and moderately strong convergence with other measures of communicative ability and functioning. A free software application for administration and scoring of the ACOM item bank is available from the first author.

Conclusions

The ACOM provides reliable measurement of patient-reported communicative functioning in aphasia. The results supported the validity of ACOM scores insofar as (a) factor analyses provided support for a coherent measurement model, (b) items functioned similarly across demographic and clinical subgroups, and (c) scores showed good convergence with measures of related constructs.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170312
Item Response Theory Modeling of the Philadelphia Naming Test
Authors: Fergadiotis Gerasimos , Kellough Stacey , Hula William D.
Published: March 2015

Purpose

In this study, we investigated the fit of the Philadelphia Naming Test (PNT; Roach, Schwartz, Martin, Grewal, & Brecher, 1996) to an item-response-theory measurement model, estimated the precision of the resulting scores and item parameters, and provided a theoretical rationale for the interpretation of PNT overall scores by relating explanatory variables to item difficulty. This article describes the statistical model underlying the computer adaptive PNT presented in a companion article (Hula, Kellough, & Fergadiotis, 2015).

Method

Using archival data, we evaluated the fit of the PNT to 1- and 2-parameter logistic models and examined the precision of the resulting parameter estimates. We regressed the item difficulty estimates on three predictor variables: word length, age of acquisition, and contextual diversity.

Results

The 2-parameter logistic model demonstrated marginally better fit, but the fit of the 1-parameter logistic model was adequate. Precision was excellent for both person ability and item difficulty estimates. Word length, age of acquisition, and contextual diversity all independently contributed to variance in item difficulty.

Conclusions

Item-response-theory methods can be productively used to analyze and quantify anomia severity in aphasia. Regression of item difficulty on lexical variables supported the validity of the PNT and interpretation of anomia severity scores in the context of current word-finding models.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6170306
Geometric error correction of convergent multi‐view images
Authors: Kang Yun‐Suk , Ho Yo‐Sung
Published: March 2015

A geometric error correction of convergent multi‐view images is proposed. Shape factors and camera parameters of the captured multi‐view image are used to estimate an ideal multi‐camera arrangement and its camera parameters. A correction transform of each viewpoint to reduce the geometric error is calculated based on the original and estimated camera parameters. The error‐corrected multi‐view image is obtained by applying the transform to the captured images. The experimental results show that the proposed method efficiently reduces the geometric error of the convergent multi‐view images.
Analysis and convergence theorem of complex quadratic form as decision boundary for data classification
Authors: Cordero R. , Suemitsu W.I. , Pinto J.O.P.
Published: March 2015

The application of the complex quadratic form as the decision boundary for complex‐valued data classification is described. This function is always real when its matrix is Hermitian. Thus, a simple sign function to classify the input data is used. This matrix is obtained through an iterative learning process similar to the Rosenblatt algorithm. The concept of the Frobenius matrix norm is used to prove that the proposed learning algorithm converges if a solution exists. This approach is different from other complex‐valued neural networks that use optimisation techniques or feature mapping. An artificial neuron that uses a complex quadratic form as the decision boundary is called a complex quadratic neural unit.
Bag‐of‐binary‐features for fast image representation
Authors: Lee Suwon , Choi SuGil , Yang Hyun S.
Published: March 2015

The possibility of integrating binary features into the bag‐of‐features (BoFs) model is explored. The set of binary features extracted from an image are packed into a single vector form, to yield the bag‐of‐binary‐features (BoBFs). The efficient BoBF feature extraction and quantisation provide fast image representation. The trade‐off between accuracy and efficiency in BoBF compared with BoF is investigated through image retrieval tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that BoBF is a competitive alternative to BoF when the run‐time efficiency is critical.
Finite‐signal‐to‐noise ratio diversity‐multiplexing‐delay tradeoff in half‐duplex hybrid automatic repeat request relay channels
Authors: Farès Haïfa , Langlais Charlotte
Published: March 2015

In this study, the authors consider a delay‐limited hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocol that makes use of incremental redundancy over the three‐node decode‐and‐forward relay fading channel where one source cooperates with a relay to transmit information to the destination. They provide an estimate of the diversity‐multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) at finite signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) based on tight bounds on outage probabilities for two channel models. The results for the long‐term quasi‐static channel highlight the distributed diversity, that is, the cooperative space diversity, and the HARQ coding gain, achieved by soft combining the successive transmitted punctured codewords via incremental redundancy. On the other hand, the results for the short‐term quasi‐static channel illustrate the diversity gains obtained, thanks to cooperative space diversity and time diversity, along with the HARQ coding gain. Using the DMT formulation, they show that equal power partitioning between the source and the relay nodes provides close to optimal performance. Furthermore, thanks to the extension of the finite‐SNR DMT to the finite‐SNR diversity‐multiplexing‐delay tradeoff, they show that, unlike the asymptotic SNR analysis, the ARQ delay, defined as the maximum number of retransmissions rounds, impacts the performance of the HARQ relay protocol for high effective multiplexing gain.
Physical layer security of multiple‐input–multiple‐output systems with transmit beamforming in Rayleigh fading
Authors: Ammari Mohamed Lassaad , Fortier Paul
Published: March 2015

This study analyses the physical layer security in the wiretap channel for multiple‐input–multiple‐output transmit‐beamforming (TB) systems with maximal ratio combining (MRC) receivers. The TB is designed to maximise the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) at the main receiver output. The authors assume that both legitimate and eavesdropper receivers have the knowledge of their own channel state information (CSI). Furthermore, they consider that the transmitter has the full CSI of the main channel and does not have the CSI of the eavesdropper's channel. At the eavesdropper, two combining methods are considered: (i) MRC technique and (ii) selection combining method. They derive closed‐form expressions for the exact secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity. Expressions of the asymptotic SOP and the asymptotic ε‐outage secrecy capacity are also derived. The secrecy diversity order and the secrecy SNR gain are then obtained.
Achievable rate regions of multi‐way relay channel with direct links
Authors: Su Yuping , Li Ying , Song Guanghui , Liu Lei
Published: March 2015

Rate regions of a multi‐way relay channel with direct links (MWRC‐DLs), where K users exchange their messages via a relay terminal and all users can overhear each other directly, are studied in this study. Under the assumption that a restricted encoder is employed at each user, the cut‐set outer bound on the capacity region is derived first. Then, achievable rate regions of the MWRC‐DLs with decode‐and‐forward (DF) and compress‐and‐forward (CF) strategies are characterised. Meanwhile, the explicit expressions of the outer bound and the achievable rate regions for the Gaussian MWRC‐DLs are also derived. It is shown that the rate regions of the DF and CF strategies for the two‐way relay channel and the multiple‐access relay channel can be obtained from those of the MWRC‐DLs. To give more insights on the two strategies of the MWRC‐DLs system, the common rates of a symmetric Gaussian network are analysed. It is shown that the CF strategy achieves common rates within 1/2(K − 1) bits of the capacity when the relay's power is at least (K − 1) times as large as the user power. Numerical examples are also provided to verify the theoretical analysis.
Spectral analysis of intensity modulation schemes in free space optical communications
Authors: Gopal Pooja , Jain V.K. , Kar Subrat
Published: March 2015

In this study, power spectral densities (PSDs) of intensity modulation schemes used in free space optical communications namely, on‐off keying (OOK), pulse‐position modulation (PPM), digital pulse interval modulation (DPIM), pulse amplitude and position modulation (PAPM) and differential amplitude pulse interval modulation (DAPIM) have been derived. The bandwidth requirements of these schemes are determined from the occurrence of the first null in the PSDs. For comparison we have considered OOK, 8‐PPM, 8‐DPIM, 2 × 4‐PAPM and 2 × 4‐DAPIM. Among all the schemes considered, the bandwidth requirement of 2 × 4‐DAPIM is the least. Although 8‐PPM has the least effect of baseline wander and the maximum detected optical power among all the schemes considered, the bandwidth requirement is very high. This may not be desirable in certain cases. The PSD curves are quite important in the link design as these will give information on how the signal power is changing with the bandwidth. If the noise PSD is also known then these curves can be used to determine the optimum bandwidth for maximum signal‐to‐noise ratio. The results are helpful in the selection of modulation scheme for free space optical links and to determine how the power content of the signals is affected by filters and other devices in the link.
Robust amplify‐and‐forward relay beamforming for security with mean square error constraint
Authors: Gong Xiangwu , Long Hong , Yin Hao , Dong Feihong , Ren Baoquan
Published: March 2015

In this study, security schemes at the physical layer are proposed for an amplify‐and‐forward relay system in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. We focus on maximising the transmit power of the artificial noise (AN) to degrade the minimum mean square error (MMSE) level at the eavesdropper, while achieving MMSE constraint for the desired receiver. Assuming that the desired receiver and the passive eavesdropper possess perfect channel state information (CSI), AN is designed to lie in the null space of legitimate channels. However, the available CSI is impossible to be perfect in practice. Therefore the authors present a robust beamforming scheme which maximises the worst‐case transmit power of the AN under the condition of imperfect CSI and recovers a large fraction of the performance in the perfect CSI case. A classical alternating optimisation algorithm is proposed to obtain the relay beamforming weights, and simulation results show the benefit of proposed schemes.
Quality‐relevant fault monitoring based on efficient projection to latent structures with application to hot strip mill process
Authors: Peng Kaixiang , Zhang Kai , You Bo , Dong Jie
Published: March 2015

In this study, a new statistical monitoring technique based on efficient projection to latent structures (EPLS) is proposed for quality‐relevant fault detection in multivariate processes that exhibit collinear measurements. The algorithm decomposes process variables into three subspaces according to singular value decomposition (SVD) and principal component analysis. This method effectively solves the problems of real‐time and effectiveness in the quality‐relevant fault diagnosis of industrial processes. EPLS takes full advantage of good nature of SVD. As a result, the calculation of the projection process is greatly reduced. It is reasonable that the process data space was projected to three subspaces, a quality‐relevant subspace, a quality‐irrelevant subspace and a residual subspace. EPLS algorithm not only effectively avoids the tedious iterative calculation, but also makes more explicit spatial resolution. The framework of quality‐relevant fault monitoring based on EPLS algorithm was proposed as well in this study. A challenging problem, real industrial hot strip mill process, is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Singularity‐conquering tracking control of a class of chaotic systems using Zhang‐gradient dynamics
Authors: Zhang Yunong , Xiao Zhengli , Guo Dongsheng , Mao Mingzhi , Yin Yonghua
Published: March 2015

This study investigates the tracking‐control problems of the Lorenz, Chen and Lu chaotic systems. Note that the input–output linearisation method cannot solve these tracking‐control problems because of the existence of singularities, at which such chaotic systems fail to have a well‐defined relative degree. By combining Zhang dynamics and gradient dynamics, an effective controller‐design method, termed Zhang‐gradient (ZG) method, is proposed for tracking control of the three chaotic systems. This ZG method, with singularities conquered, is capable of solving the tracking‐control problems of the chaotic systems. Both theoretical analyses and simulative verifications substantiate that the tracking controllers based on the ZG method can achieve satisfactory tracking accuracy and successfully conquer singularities encountered during the tracking‐control process.
Fast and accurate multi‐view reconstruction by multi‐stage prioritised matching
Authors: Ylimäki Markus , Kannala Juho , Holappa Jukka , Brandt Sami S. , Heikkilä Janne
Published: March 2015

In this study, the authors propose a multi‐view stereo reconstruction method which creates a three‐dimensional point cloud of a scene from multiple calibrated images captured from different viewpoints. The method is based on a prioritised match expansion technique, which starts from a sparse set of seed points, and iteratively expands them into neighbouring areas by using multiple expansion stages. Each seed point represents a surface patch and has a position and a surface normal vector. The location and surface normal of the seeds are optimised using a homography‐based local image alignment. The propagation of seeds is performed in a prioritised order in which the most promising seeds are expanded first and removed from the list of seeds. The first expansion stage proceeds until the list of seeds is empty. In the following expansion stages, the current reconstruction may be further expanded by finding new seeds near the boundaries of the current reconstruction. The prioritised expansion strategy allows efficient generation of accurate point clouds and their experiments show its benefits compared with non‐prioritised expansion. In addition, a comparison to the widely used patch‐based multi‐view stereo software shows that their method is significantly faster and produces more accurate and complete reconstructions.
Incorporation of protection system failures into bulk power system reliability assessment by Bayesian networks
Authors: Eliassi Mojtaba , Seifi Hossein , Haghifam Mahmoud‐Reza
Published: March 2015

Although protection failures have critical influence on the reliability of power systems, the methodology of assessing composite power system reliability including protection failures has not gone far enough yet. In this study, a Bayesian network (BN)‐based analytical methodology is proposed for modelling and analysis of the impact of protection system failures on bulk power system reliability. Initially, basic BN model of composite power system reliability is constructed based on its minimal cutsets (MCs) and logical relationships between components, MCs and system failure. Then, different failure modes of protection system and the interactions among components caused by protection system failures are conveniently incorporated into the basic BN model and the reliability calculations. By using the presented method, several restrictive assumptions, implicit in the other methods, can be removed. Moreover, applying BN provides additional capabilities at modelling and analysis levels. The proposed method is applied to the IEEE reliability test system and the results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective and is flexible in applications.
Reliable/cost‐effective maintenance schedules for a composite power system using fuzzy supported teaching learning algorithm
Authors: Subramanian S. , Abirami M. , Ganesan S.
Published: March 2015

With the increasing electricity power consumption and time‐varying load demands, maintaining system reliability and economic operation has become a challenging task for power system operators during the scheduled outages. Nevertheless, very few publications in the current literature tackle this maintenance schedule problem by means of evolutionary algorithms, and, when they do, they focus only on generators. In the proposed model, the authors have considered coordinated maintenance scheduling (CMS) with cost minimisation and reliability maximisation as a multi‐objective criterion, and fuzzy‐based teaching learning‐based optimisation is used as an optimisation tool for solving the formulated maintenance model. The proposed model solves the CMS along with security‐constrained unit commitment (SCUC) over 1‐year planning horizon and the final SCUC solution prescribes an economic and secure operation for composite power systems. The method is demonstrated on the IEEE 30‐bus, IEEE reliability test system (single and three areas) and practical Indian utility 19‐unit power systems, and the results are presented.
Wavelet‐artificial immune system algorithm applied to voltage disturbance diagnosis in electrical distribution systems
Authors: Lima Fernando P.A. , Lotufo Anna Diva P. , Minussi Carlos Roberto
Published: March 2015

This study presents a new approach to detecting and classifying voltage disturbances in electrical distribution systems based on wavelet transform and artificial immune algorithm. This proposal unifies the negative selection artificial immune algorithm with the discrete wavelet transform concept. Thus, the measurements obtained in a distribution substation by the supervisory control and data acquisition acquisition system are transformed into the wavelet domain. Afterward, a negative selection artificial immune system realises the diagnosis, identifying and classifying the abnormalities. The principal application of this tool is to aid the system operation during faults as well as to supervise the protection system. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, two distribution systems were modelled in EMTP software: an 84‐bus test system and a 134‐bus real system. The results show a good performance, emphasising the precision of the diagnosis.
Fast three‐dimensional video coding encoding algorithms based on edge information of depth map
Authors: Kuo Pin‐Chen , Lu Kuan‐Hsing , Hsu Yun‐Ning , Liu Bin‐Da , Yang Jar‐Ferr
Published: March 2015

The high‐efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard for three‐dimensional (3D) video, which is called 3D‐HEVC, improves the compression efficiency for high resolution 3D video sequences. In this study, three coding time reduction algorithms, namely fast coding unit partition, fast prediction unit (PU) partition and search range reduction, are proposed for inter‐prediction of 3D‐HEVC by referring to the depth edge information. The pixels in one object should have the same motion characteristics. By detecting depth edge, we can easily classify the regional pixels if they are in the same object. Thus, in the encoding stage, the sizes of coding and PUs can be determined by the proposed fast coding unit partition and fast PU partition methods, respectively. Furthermore, the range of motion search can be effectively reduced by the proposed search range reduction method. Experimental results show that the proposed depth edge‐based motion search algorithms can reduce the coding time of inter‐prediction by up to 62% on average with negligible quality degradation.
Energy performance in railway services: a calculation methodology and the influence of operation parameters
Authors: Coviello Nicola , Bruno Fabrizio
Published: March 2015

This study proposes a methodology for assessing the energy performance of railway service based on a micro‐simulation of how trains run. In particular, the analysis focuses on the influence on energy consumption of three parameters, namely: line speed, stops frequency and timetable period. The performance assessment methodology aims to monitor the trend of two output variables: motion technique efficiency and specific consumption of the trains. The study has been developed on two levels. The first analysis concerns the assessing of the run of a single train; subsequently a timetable‐based analysis is performed for a specific time window. At this level, it is also possible to consider the effects of regenerative braking on the entire consumption. This part of the article reports the results of run simulations and the related energy consumption of a regional train on a theoretical line, subsequently extending assessments to the timetable level. The second part describes the results of simulations of a run of the same train on a real line, as well as an analysis of the energy performance of a current timetable.
Microstrip patch antenna miniaturisation techniques: a review
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umar , Sharawi Mohammad Said , Mittra Raj
Published: March 2015

The microstrip patch antenna (MPA) has been in use and has been studied extensively during the past three decades. This antenna, which consists of a metallic patch printed on a dielectric substrate over a ground plane, offers several advantages including ease of design and fabrication; low profile and planar structure; and ease of integration with circuit elements. The minimum dimension of a conventional MPA is in the order of half a wavelength. In recent years, with the advent of new standards and compact wireless devices, there has been a need to reduce the size of this type of antenna. This study discusses some of the principal techniques that have been reported in the literature to reduce the size of an MPA. These miniaturisation techniques include material loading, reshaping the antenna, shorting and folding, introducing slots and defects in the ground plane and the use of metamaterials. The major features and drawbacks of each of these approaches are highlighted in this study along with their effects on the antenna performance metrics.
Pattern synthesis with constrained excitations for transceiving arrays
Authors: Wan Chuan , Han Yubing , Sheng Weixing , Ma Xiaofeng , Zhang Renli
Published: March 2015

A new synthesis algorithm for arbitrarily shaped patterns generated by transmitting and receiving arrays is proposed in this study. First, according to the radar range equation, the authors vividly present the definition of the joint pattern of the transceiving array. To solve the joint optimisation problem, the projectors over pattern and excitation constraints are provided based on alternating projection method. In many traditional methods, the excitations are obtained by solving the (weighted) least mean squares (WLMS) problem. Nevertheless, in this study, WLMS problem is rewritten as a constrained WLMS problem, which introduces an effective proximal splitting method to improve the convergence and stability. Besides, to make full use of transmitting module, the excitation dynamics of transmitting array is enforced to be 0 dB. To validate the good applicability of the proposed method, two arrays in different shapes are applied. Five examples with embedded patterns including phase‐only synthesis, pattern with unbalanced sidelobe levels etc., are presented to highlight the various aspects of the method. In general, the new method not only can restrict the pattern shape, also can constrain the excitations of transmitting and receiving arrays, respectively.