bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ICE GENESIS: Synergetic Aircraft and Ground-Based Remote Sensing and In Situ Measurements of Snowfall Microphysical Properties
Authors: Billault-Roux Anne-Claire , Grazioli Jacopo , Delanoë Julien , Jorquera Susana , Pauwels Nicolas , Viltard Nicolas , Martini Audrey , Mariage Vincent , Le Gac Christophe , Caudoux Christophe , Aubry Clémantyne , Bertrand Fabrice , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Jaffeux Louis , Coutris Pierre , Febvre Guy , Pichon Jean Marc , Dezitter Fabien , Gehring Josué , Untersee Aude , Calas Christophe , Figueras i Ventura Jordi , Vie Benoit , Peyrat Adrien , Curat Valentin , Rebouissoux Simon , Berne Alexis
Published: February 2023

An international field experiment took place in the Swiss Jura in January 2021 as a milestone of the European ICE GENESIS project (www.ice-genesis.eu/), which aims to better measure, understand, and model the ice/snow particle properties and mechanisms responsible for icing of rotor-craft and aircraft. The field campaign was designed to collect observations of clouds and snowfall at a prescribed range of temperatures (−10° to +2°C). The suite of in situ and remote sensing instruments included airborne probes and imagers on board a SAFIRE ATR-42 aircraft, able to sample liquid and ice particles from the micron to the millimeter size range, as well as icing sensors and cameras. Two 95 GHz Doppler cloud radars were installed on the SAFIRE ATR-42, while six Doppler weather radars operating at frequencies ranging from 10 to 95 GHz (and one lidar) were ground based. An operational polarimetric weather radar in nearby France (Montancy) complements the coverage. Finally, observations of standard meteorological variables as well as high-resolution pictures of falling snowflakes from a multiangle snowflake camera were collected at the ground level. The campaign showed its full potential during five (multihourly) flights where precipitation was monitored from cloud to ground. The originality of this campaign resides in the targeted specific temperature range for snowfall and in the synchronization between the ground-based remote sensing and the aircraft trajectories designed to maximize the collection of in situ observations within the column above the radar systems.
Citizens’ Satisfaction with the Digital Land Services of Upazila Land Office: A Study of Barishal Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Marufa
Published: February 2023

At present, Upazila land offices are designated to provide digital land services for reducing the complexity of land-related services and increasing the satisfaction of citizens in Bangladesh. The government has planned to extend the digital land management framework to all Upazila’s land offices for improving the state of land service delivery. The study has tried to explore the extent of satisfaction, trust and knowledge of citizens about the digital land services delivered by the Upazila land offices. The study has applied qualitative methodology approach. The data have been collected through in-depth interviews and key-informant interviews, both from service-receivers and service providers. Content analysis has also been used to analyse secondary data. The findings of the study suggest that lack of responsiveness, insincerity and non-cooperation of the staff in service delivery as well as lack of knowledge and awareness of citizens about digital land services are major constraints to achieve satisfaction in digital land administration.
A Randomized Cross-Over Analysis of the 6-Minute Step Test When Administered in Different Music Listening Conditions to Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Felekoğlu Elvan , Köprülüoğlu Melissa , Kinik Merve , Naz İlknur
Published: February 2023

The 6-Minute Step Test (6-MST) is a simple, inexpensive field test that is increasingly used to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness. Whether sufficient performance is revealed by this test and the effect on it of motivational factors such as music is unknown. In this cross-sectional, randomized, and crossover research design, we aimed to analyze 6-MST performance and test outcomes in different music-related auditory conditions of non-musical/non-rhythmic [NM/NR], musical/non-rhythmic [M/NR], and musical/rhythmic [M/R]). We had 38 healthy young adults (M age = 21.21, SD = 1.21 years; 60% male) complete all tests, and we measured their number of steps taken, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, perceived dyspnea, and fatigue on the modified Borg scale. We recorded individually calculated submaximal values according to heart rate reached after three tests. The number of steps increased in the M/R condition relative to other conditions ( p = 0.003), and the amount of change in perceived leg fatigue was also higher in the M/R condition ( p < 0.017). Despite variable test performances in different auditory conditions, we found no statistically significant difference in cardiovascular fitness and symptoms ( p > 0.05). We concluded that the 6-MST is a useful tool for assessing maximum cardiac tolerance, especially if administered while listening to rhythmic music.
Enhancement of properties of walnut shell/attapulgite/polyvinyl chloride composites with ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatment
Authors: Chen Dongsheng , Zhang Keping , Yang Junqian , Zhang Xi , Zhang Yanan
Published: February 2023

The effects of ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatment on the physical, mechanical, wear resistance, water absorption and thermal stability of the walnut shell (WS)/attapulgite (ATP)/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite and its enhancement mechanism were investigated. WS was treated by ultrasound and hydrothermal treatment and mixed with PVC and ATP, and the WS/ATP/PVC composites were prepared by melt extrusion. The properties of composites were characterized, and the results showed that after ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatment, the main chemical structure of composites was not changed significantly. Compared with untreated composites, the wear resistance after ultrasonic treatment for 10 min is the best. After ultrasonic treatment for 15 min, the bending strength, tensile strength and impact strength of the composite are increased by 8.9%, 10.3% and 46.2%, respectively. Hydrothermal treatment at appropriate temperatures also improved some properties of the composites. The composites after hydrothermal treatment at 110°C had the best thermal stability and highest hardness, and the bending strength and tensile strength values were increased by 5.9% and 5.2%, respectively. The impact strength of the composite increased with the increase of hydrothermal treatment temperature. The results showed that ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatments have the potential to improve the performance of wood–plastic composites as environmentally friendly pretreatment methods.
TsEDM: A two-steps event detection model for Chinese event detection
Authors: Wang Zhihong , Yang Ying , Wang Yongjian , Liang Binhong
Published: February 2023

Event detection (ED) consists of two phases – trigger identification (TI) and trigger classification (TC). Traditional ED adopts a unified model to process the above two-stage tasks at once. We argue that there are certain differences in the contextual semantics required and the goals of these two phases in ED. In which, TI remains suffers from the word-trigger mismatch problems in languages without natural word delimiters such as Chinese. And the TC is facing challenging problems of trigger ambiguity and multiple triggers in a sentence. In this article, we propose a brand-new two-steps event detection model (TsEDM), which attempts to alleviate above-mentioned problems. Specifically, a novel ‘head-tail dual-pointer’ (HT-DP) labelling strategy is developed to obtain more candidate triggers to overcome the problems of continuous labelling, nested labelling and independent labelling in the first step (TI). Besides, an ‘entity–topic–candidate–trigger’ interaction graph (E2T-IG) is constructed in the second step (TC) to consider the interaction relationship between candidate triggers and core information inter or in all event sentences, which enhance the representation of each candidate trigger. Last but not least, a shake-gated and residual-based atrous convolution neural network (SGR-ACNN) is proposed as the common framework of these two steps, which dynamically integrates various representations as model inputs. Experiments on the ACE2005-CN show that TsEDM significantly outperforms state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods.
Duration of androgen deprivation with radiotherapy for high-risk or locally advanced prostate cancer: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Petrelli Fausto , De Stefani Agostina , Vavassori Ivano , Motta Federica , Luciani Andrea , Trevisan Francesca
Published: February 2023

Objective:

To evaluate various outcomes of different lengths of androgen deprivation therapy in high- and very-high-risk prostate cancer, we conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized trials. The treatment of high-risk PC comprises the use of radical radiotherapy associated with various durations of androgen deprivation therapy, with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues initiated during or immediately before the beginning of radiation.

Methods and Materials:

This study followed the PRISMA extension statement to report network meta-analyses. We systematically searched online databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, for all randomized trials published up to April 2022. The primary outcomes were overall survival, prostate cancer-specific mortality, and metastasis-free survival. Network meta-analyses were performed under a Bayesian framework using the “gemtc” package ( https://gemtc.drugis.org ).

Results:

The network meta-analysis included 12 studies (10 treatments) on overall survival outcomes. None of the arms showed superiority to radiotherapy alone with respect to overall deaths. Nine studies and 10 treatment arms had prostate cancer-specific mortality data. Overall, 36 months of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy resulted in a better outcome than radiotherapy alone, three months of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy, or 12 or 24 months of adjuvant androgen reprivation therapy, and it was the better treatment (73%) in terms of cancer mortality. Treatment involving luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues for 6 months before and during radiotherapy ranked the highest in reducing distant metastases (42%).

Conclusions:

We found that 36 months of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy after radiotherapy was the optimal duration of endocrine treatment with regard to cancer mortality for high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer.
Histopathological survey of free-ranging neotropical bats with dermatitis
Authors: de Souza Suguiura Igor M. , Bracarense Ana P. F. L. , de Carvalho Ishiuchi Giovana G. , Sano Ayako , Branco Kelvin S. , Itano Eiko N. , Ono Mario A.
Published: February 2023

Bats have a fundamental ecological role, and no wildlife disease has decimated more individuals than white-nose syndrome (WNS). This impactful mycosis has raised the importance of monitoring disease threats to bat populations. In this study, we aimed to investigate gross skin lesions in neotropical bats by histopathology to survey the occurrence of dermatitis that could resemble WNS cases in Brazil. Eleven species of free-ranging bats were sampled from the rabies surveillance program in 9 municipalities of Northern Paraná. Members of the Molossidae family were the most frequent ones among the 126 analyzed individuals, and 4 cases of dermatitis in 2 black mastiff bats ( Molossus rufus), 1 great fruit-eating bat ( Artibeus lituratus), and a big free-tailed bat ( Nyctinomops macrotis) were detected. Gross lesions included alopecia, macules, discoloration, and hyperkeratosis. Among the bats with gross lesions, dermal thickening and mild inflammation were observed histologically. Two M. rufus bats had dermal fungal invasion; however, none resembled WNS.
Effect of High School Showcase Exposures and Timing of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear on Professional Baseball Careers in Elite Pitchers
Authors: Kriz John P. , DeFroda Steven , Staffa Steven J. , Kriz Peter K.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Showcase participation has been considered a risk factor for elbow injuries. It remains unclear whether high school (HS) showcase volume negatively affects pitchers’ career paths. Because pitchers are achieving 90 mph thresholds at younger ages, it is unknown whether shorter time intervals between achieving 90 mph thresholds and dates of ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCL-R), known as time to tear (TTT), may affect career trajectory.

Hypothesis:

Elite pitchers with higher HS showcase volumes would be less likely to reach Major League Baseball (MLB) level compared with elite pitchers with fewer HS showcase appearances. Elite pitchers with longer TTT intervals would be more likely to achieve MLB level.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

Demographic, HS showcase and professional performance, and injury data from pitchers selected in the first 5 rounds of the MLB draft (2011-2017) were gathered from publicly available databases. Continuous and categorical variables were compared for the following subgroups: UCL-R group and pitcher group not undergoing UCL-R; “early” and “late” UCL-R groups; and pitchers achieving and pitchers not achieving MLB level. Multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. Standard deviations of ±1 SD were used to define early career versus late career UCL-R subgroups after normal distribution was confirmed (Shapiro-Wilk test; P = .227). The early UCL-R group was defined as those pitchers undergoing UCL-R ≤−1 SD from the mean age at first injury (group mean age, 19.43 years), whereas the late UCL-R group was defined as ≥+1 SD from that age (group mean age, 25.19 years).

Results:

Of 611 pitchers, 455 (74.5%) had HS showcase performance data, and 608 (99.5%) had professional performance data. In total, 184 (30.1%) pitchers underwent UCL-R. Fewer pitchers who underwent early UCL-R achieved the MLB level compared with pitchers who underwent late UCL-R (48.1% vs 86.2%; P = .006). Elite pitchers who pitched in ≥10 showcases in HS had half the odds of achieving the MLB level compared with pitchers who participated in <10 HS showcases (adjusted odds ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.29-0.86; P = .012). For every year longer that an elite pitcher did not tear his UCL after achieving the 90 mph threshold at an HS showcase (TTT after 90 mph [per year]), the likelihood of achieving the MLB level increased by 24% (adjusted odds ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02-1.52; P = .032).

Conclusion:

Higher HS showcase volume in elite pitchers was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving MLB level. A longer TTT after 90 mph (per year) was significantly associated with achieving MLB level in elite pitchers.
Determinants of Alliance Formation and Dissolution Among International Health Organizations: The Influence of Homophily and Institutional Power in Affinity Communication Networks
Authors: Wang Rong , Shin Jieun
Published: February 2023

Guided by institutional theory, this study examines how homophily and institutional power influence the tie formation and dissolution of interorganizational collaboration networks. The analysis focuses on longitudinal network data collected from 174 international non-governmental organizations and inter-governmental organizations (IGOs) whose mission and main activities revolved around HIV/AIDS and other related health topics such as substance use, alcohol use, and smoking. This study conceptualizes collaboration as an affinity communication network and uses Separable Temporal Exponential Random Graph Modeling to investigate the effects of organizational and sector level attributes. The results reveal the important role that homophily plays in terms of geolocation and topic alignment. Furthermore, the results show IGOs’ role in driving these global partnerships. Implications on how to sustain global health alliances are discussed.
Dynamic modeling and vibration analysis for defect identification of single-stage gearboxes in the joints of industrial robots with six DOF
Authors: Frej Anis , Chiementin Xavier , Fakher Chaari , Bolaers Fabrice , Haddar Mohamed
Published: February 2023

In the age of the future industry, many industrial activities have been entrusted to robots due to their ability to improve both accuracy and production. However, during the manufacturing process, the occurrence of defects in the manipulators transmissions can lead to a significant degradation of the product quality, and consequently financial losses. Hence, this paper aims to present a novel methodology to elaborate a robot dynamic model allowing the detection of the defects arising from the transmissions and more precisely the gears faults. First, a geometric model of the robot was developed based on the Modified Denavit-Hartenberg (MDH) approach, to derive the transfer matrices required to model the different components of the robot. Secondly, thanks to these matrices, to the Euler-Lagrange convention and taking into account the assumption of the joint flexibility, the deduction of the global equation of motion of the robot has been performed. The ability of the developed model to detect defects will then be investigated by a series of numerical simulations performed in the case of healthy gears and in the case where a tooth-cracking fault has been introduced, and also under various velocities. Finally, an experimental study and vibration analysis were conducted to validate the results of the numerical simulations and consequently the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Sanitation challenges in Dar es Salaam: the potential of Simplified Sewerage Systems
Authors: Yap Christopher , Mcfarlane Colin , Ndezi Tim , Makoba Festo D
Published: February 2023

In the context of growing urbanization, sanitation in many cities is in acute crisis with severe social and environmental consequences. The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of sanitation for all by 2030 is increasingly elusive. Municipalities have been experimenting with a range of lower-cost sanitation solutions. Simplified Sewerage Systems (SSS) have emerged in different cities as one response, but with mixed results. This paper evaluates an SSS project in an informal settlement in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Drawing on a combination of a survey and focus group discussions, the paper examines the social and economic impacts of the SSS and identifies a set of key concerns for future urban sanitation interventions: affordability, maintenance and governance. We conclude by considering the implications for future research and practice on urban sanitation, including the limits of technology-based approaches and the necessity to focus on the diverse needs of residents in place.
The transition from an Indigenous to a European influenced fire regime at Lake Werri Berri, south-east Australia
Authors: Constantine Mark , Zhu Xiaohong , Cadd Haidee , Mooney Scott
Published: February 2023

The drivers of fire regimes prior to the European occupation of Australia are still contentious, with some advocating regimes dominated by anthropogenic ignitions and others advocating a climate source or mixture of these elements. Here, we examine an 850-year history of fire regimes at Lake Werri Berri in south-east Australia, prior to and following European occupation. Macroscopic charcoal and FTIR spectroscopy were used to infer broad changes of the fire regime in proximity to the lake. We found little change through much of the 850-year period and most interesting, no apparent change following the initial displacement of Indigenous peoples and the introduction of farming and woodcutting to the region by Europeans. From the mid-20th Century onwards, there was an increase in both area burnt and fire severity or intensity, likely the result of increased fuel load and connectivity following an extended period of increased precipitation and heavier recreational land usage, which likely led to an increase in anthropogenic ignitions.
Data-dependent early completion of dose-finding trials for drug-combination
Authors: Kojima Masahiro
Published: February 2023

Context summary

I propose a data-dependent early completion of dose-finding trials for drug combinations. Early completion is determined when the dose retainment probability using both the trial data and the number of remaining patients is high. An early completion method in which the dose retainment probability is adjusted by a bivariate isotonic regression is also proposed. Early completion is demonstrated for a virtual trial. The performance of the early completion method is evaluated by simulation studies with 12 scenarios. I have shown that, compared with non-early completion designs, the proposed early completion methods reduce the number of patients treated while maintaining similar performance. The number of patients for determining early completion before a trial start is determined and the program code for calculating the dose retainment probability is provided.

Abstract

Purpose

Model-assisted designs for drug combination trials have been proposed as novel designs with simple and superior performance. However, model-assisted designs have the disadvantage that the sample size must be set in advance, and trials cannot be completed until the number of patients treated reaches the pre-set sample size. Model-assisted designs have a stopping rule that can be used to terminate the trial if the number of patients treated exceeds the predetermined number, there is no statistical basis for the predetermined number. Here, I propose two methods for data-dependent early completion of dose-finding trials for drug combination: (1) an early completion method based on dose retainment probability, and (2) an early completion method in which the dose retainment probability is adjusted by a bivariate isotonic regression.

Methods

Early completion is determined when the dose retainment probability using both trial data and the number of remaining patients is high. Early completion of a virtual trial was demonstrated. The performances of the early completion methods were evaluated by simulation studies with 12 scenarios.

Results

The simulation studies showed that the percentage of early completion was an average of approximately 70%, and the number of patients treated was 25% less than the planned sample size. The percentage of correct maximum tolerated dose combination selection for the early completion methods was similar to that of non-early completion methods with an average difference of approximately 3%.

Conclusion

The performance of the proposed early completion methods was similar to that of the non-early completion methods. Furthermore, the number of patients for determining early completion before the trial starts was determined and a program code for calculating the dose retainment probability was proposed.
Breaking the rules? Informal housing, urban deregulation and secondary dwellings in Australia
Authors: Shrestha Pranita , Gurran Nicole
Published: February 2023

Secondary dwellings, from ‘backyard’ and basement units to converted garages or ‘granny flats’ are increasingly viewed as a potential source of lower cost rental accommodation. However, in many cities of the so-called global north, secondary dwellings are restricted under local planning rules designed to maintain lower density residential neighbourhoods. This article examines the outcome of planning reform to legalise secondary dwellings as a housing solution, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Traditionally, secondary dwelling production has been seen as a form of unregulated/informal dwelling type. In response to a chronic shortage of affordable renting supply, this paper considers how the state has undertaken a process of deregulation of planning controls to permit secondary dwelling production. We call this an example of ‘calculated informality’. We examine the case with reference to data on the geography and scale of secondary dwelling production, as well as interviews with secondary dwelling industry groups and local council officers responsible for enforcing planning regulation. Our analysis shows that deregulatory reform enabled an informal rental market in secondary dwellings to grow at scale; however, affordability and secure private rental outcomes remain unclear.
Corporate Research and Development Expenditures in Saudi Arabia: Does CEOs’ Power Matter?
Authors: Hamza Fadhila , Gamra Souha Ben
Published: February 2023

This article investigates the impact of the chief executive officer’s (CEO’s) power on research and development (R&D) expenditures in Saudi Arabia. Mainly, it studies the influence of CEOs’ power (ownership power, structural power and expert power) on their risk-taking behaviour. Empirically, we used a panel model with data from a sample of 60 Saudi firms listed from 2016 to 2019. We developed five models to examine both the direct and moderating effects of the power indicators on R&D expenditures using OLS regression. Findings demonstrate that Saudi firms promoting insider CEOs with short tenure and no ownership are more innovative. These results have great implications for researchers and investors to understand what kind of power they should consider when selecting leaders to carry out innovation plans and thus ensure long-term firm growth.
Effect of Adolescent Body Mass Index Trajectories on Working Memory: A Prospective Birth Cohort in Brazil
Authors: Soares Pedro San Martin , Leão Otávio Amaral de Andrade , Dias Mariane da Silva , Wehrmeister Fernando César , Menezes Ana Maria Baptista , Gonçalves Helen
Published: February 2023

Most research on the association between high body mass index (BMI) and working memory (WM) has been cross-sectional in design, limiting conclusions about long-term effects of overweight and obesity on WM. The aim of this study was to examine the association of BMI trajectory from 11 to 22 years with WM at 22 years of age. Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study were analyzed ( N = 3,010). Information on BMI was collected at ages 11, 15, 18, and 22 years. Group-based trajectory modeling was used separately for each sex to identify BMI trajectories. Working Memory performance (Digit Span backward score) was examined at age 22. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between BMI trajectory from 11 to 22 years and WM at age 22. In both sexes, the trajectory groups were: stable normal weight, stable overweight, and stable obesity. In the adjusted analyses, women in the stable-obesity group had lower WM at 22 years (β = −.49; 95% CI: −0.75, −0.23; p < .001) than those in the stable-normal weight group. No associations were found between BMI trajectories and WM in men. This study may contribute to future investigations of possible explanatory avenues for the association between high BMI and WM.
Qualitative Analysis of Onsite Sanitation Challenges in an Urban Setting: The Case of Jimma Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Donacho Dereje Oljira , Tucho Gudina Terefe , Soboksa Negasa Eshete , Faro Mekonnen Haile , Hailu Abebe Beyene
Published: February 2023

On-site sanitation is the most popular sanitation option for households in many African countries, including Ethiopia. Despite the option being common, there are challenges attributed to the sustainability of those facilities. This community-based exploratory study aimed to explore the challenges in the provision of safe urban on-site sanitation in Jimma town, Ethiopia. Data were collected through key informant semi-structured interviews, transit walks through the village, and focus group discussion (FGD). The FGD was audio recorded and notes were taken by experts. Records and notes were transcribed separately and thematically analyzed. Three major themes or challenges were discovered. Accordingly, the first theme was the community’s perception and taboos surrounding human waste. The second theme was urban land use and informal settlements. Ensuring standards separately for sanitation facilities is difficult because of the expansion of illegal settlements. The third theme was poor sanitation planning, operation and maintenance, and institutional setting. Urbanization without infrastructure generally has a complex nature that leads to a fragile sanitation situation in the future. The results suggest the need for multi-dimensional system development and a collaborative sanitation master plan. Furthermore, interventions aimed at breaking the taboo on human waste as a sanitation platform may turn challenges into opportunities.
A systematic review of client’s perspectives on the cultural and racial awareness and responsiveness of mental health practitioners
Authors: Sadusky A , Yared H , Patrick P , Berger E
Published: February 2023

Culturally and racially responsive practice continues to be a common challenge among Mental Health Practitioners (MHPs). To the authors’ knowledge, this systematic review was the first to collate and synthesize clients’ perspectives of MHPs’ cultural and racial awareness and responsiveness from around the world. Original studies that were published between 2010 and 2021 reporting on qualitative data about clients’ perspectives regarding MHPs’ cultural-racial awareness and responsiveness were included in the review. The studies’ key findings that addressed this review’s question were synthesized and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. This review found 48 papers that met inclusion criteria, which represented the views of 652 clients across 10 countries. Three major themes and eight subthemes were established that concerned characteristics of the MHP, the client, and the therapeutic alliance. The results of this review indicate individual and systemic factors that influence mental health access for people from culturally and racially marginalized groups. Ongoing training of MHPs, increased racial and cultural representation among MHPs, inclusive physical settings, and reduced discrimination by MHPs are among the key findings and directions based on the results of this review.
An RGB-D camera-based indoor occupancy positioning system for complex and densely populated scenarios
Authors: Wang Huan , Wang Guijin , Li Xianting
Published: February 2023

The dynamic changes in occupants’ presence, movements and other behaviours could affect the actual operation and energy consumption of buildings. The design and operation of buildings can be adjusted to be more energy efficient by thinking over the actual distribution of occupants and application scenarios. Nevertheless, accurate, nonintrusive and applicable occupancy positioning systems, especially for complex and densely populated scenarios, have not yet been established. Herein, we propose a novel indoor positioning system based on a red green blue-depth (RGB-D) camera (CIOPS-RGBD). This system utilizes multiple RGB-D cameras to capture colour and depth images from different views. A data fusion algorithm is developed according to the result from a human pose estimation method. Then, the proposed CIOPS-RGBD system was setup and verified within a multifunction room for steady and dynamic accuracy estimation. The accuracy was verified within 10 cm in most cases. Finally, the system was tested under different application scenarios with more than 25 occupants in an 86 m2 space. The results demonstrate that the system can provide high-quality occupancy positioning and body orientation information for these scenarios in almost real-time, providing a solid basis to improve the actual operation and design of indoor environment creation systems.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Beliefs About Neuroscience and Education—Do Freshmen and Advanced Students Differ in Their Ability to Identify Myths?
Authors: Deibl Ines , Zumbach Jörg
Published: February 2023

Addressing and creating awareness on the topic of neuromyths in educational sciences has increased in recent years. We know very little about how widespread the belief in neuromyths is among pre-service teacher students and whether this belief affects their subsequent approach to teaching and consequently possibly also the performance of their students. The aim of the study was to analyze students’ belief in neuromyths, focusing on differences between freshmen ( N  = 82) and advanced students ( N  = 74) studying in pre-service teacher education. Using a questionnaire approach, students had to judge whether given statements were objectively wrong (i.e., “Neuromyths”) or objectively correct (i.e., “Neurofacts”). They could also choose the option “I don’t know”. For each statement, we asked students to indicate how self-confident they were about their answer. Furthermore, students’ self-assessment of their need for cognition and ability-related academic self-concept was measured. Results reveal no significant difference between freshmen and advanced students for identifying the myths correctly, but a significant difference for identifying the facts correctly, showing that freshmen identified slightly more facts correctly than advanced students. Self-confidence plays an important role here, as we see that within the master students, students with high self-confidence values identified more facts correctly.
The Genesis of Iconographic Exegesis
Authors: Klein Cardoso Silas
Published: February 2023

The article presents the genealogy and maps Iconographic Exegesis or Biblische Ikonographie. From social-material lenses, it addresses the foundation and development of the perspective, often construed as the explanation of the Bible with contemporary pictorial material. Starting with Othmar Keel and the Fribourg Circle's works and reaching scholars from other academic environments, such as South Africa, Germany, the United States, and Brazil, the paper describes the transformation of the perspective from research interest to research circle and its formalization as a subspecialization within Biblical Studies. The outlook highlights commonalities and particularities of the perspective and its enabling factors and comments on its characterization and definition.
Learning from the past: An historical perspective on indoctrination and citizenship
Authors: Humes Walter
Published: February 2023

This paper shows how a significant, but short-lived, episode in Scotland's educational history – the rise and decline of Socialist Sunday Schools (SSSs) in the first half of the twentieth century – provoked controversial debates about issues that continue to have relevance today. The first half of the paper explains the origins of SSSs, their links to adult political groups, the form and content of their meetings, and publications designed to advance their agenda. It also describes the criticisms they received from religious leaders and Conservative politicians, on the grounds that they undermined faith and preached revolution. This leads into the second part, which considers whether SSSs might be regarded as agencies of indoctrination, promoting a version of citizenship that sought to subvert existing institutions and disrupt the social order. It is argued that complete neutrality in educational systems is not possible and that a study of the SSS movement has considerable potential as an educational resource, particularly for teachers of history, politics and social studies.
Exploring the impact of panoptic heteronormativity on UK primary teachers advocating for LGBTQ+ inclusive education
Authors: Johnson Ben
Published: February 2023

Since the repeal of Section 28 in 2003, research and policy reform has explored how to reduce homo/bi and transphobia to make schools more LGBTQ+ inclusive places. However, heteronormativity continues to manifest in increasingly subtle ways. This article argues that teachers must remain vigilant towards the ‘Panopticon of Heteronormativity’ which subtly impacts efforts to foster LGBTQ+ inclusivity. An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was undertaken to capture the experience of 12 participants who advocate for LGBTQ+ inclusivity in UK primary schools. This article finds that teachers advocating for LGBTQ+ inclusivity still reinforce heteronormativity through discourses which regulate children’s exposure to ‘appropriate’ identities, express concern about pushing an ‘agenda’ and LGBTQ+ teachers can experience a ‘double consciousness’ which complicates their efforts to disrupt heteronormativity. Recommendations include improving teacher training and practitioner awareness to critically reflect upon the subtle ways heteronormativity manifests in the classroom.
Emphysematous gastritis in a patient with neutropenic sepsis: A case report and literature review with comment on management
Authors: Jenkins Julia Kathryn , Georgiou Andrew , Laugharne Matthew , Meisner Sarah , Cook Tim
Published: February 2023

Emphysematous gastritis is a severe form of gastritis caused by gas-forming infectious organisms and is most frequently encountered in critically unwell patients. Diagnosis rests on the radiographic appearances of air within the gastric wall, which may extend into the portal venous system. Not previously described in the context of neutropenic sepsis, our case involves a 77-year-old patient with emphysematous gastritis who was admitted to the intensive care unit with a neutrophil count of 0.1 × 109/L and managed successfully with conservative treatment. Presenting complaints usually include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and occasionally haematemesis, in the context of systemic upset. Predisposing factors may include diabetes and immunosuppression, ingestion of corrosive substances, alcohol abuse, and abdominal surgery. The historical approach to management which previously involved urgent exploratory laparotomy with gastrectomy, has largely been replaced with conservative therapy, including broad-spectrum antimicrobials, gut rest and parenteral nutrition, with improved outcomes. Previously considered a commonly terminal diagnosis with mortality rates as high as 60%, this recent shift in approach to management has contributed to mortality rates being halved. The role of oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy has not been established and is unlikely to be indicated in every case. Longterm complications may be of concern and include fibrosis and gastric contractures.
The HER2-low revolution in breast oncology: steps forward and emerging challenges
Authors: Nicolò Eleonora , Boscolo Bielo Luca , Curigliano Giuseppe , Tarantino Paolo
Published: February 2023

Approximately half of breast cancers (BCs), historically categorized as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, have low expression of HER2 defined as an immunohistochemical (IHC) score of 1+ or 2+ with negative in situ hybridization. Retrospective evidence suggest that HER2-low BC does not represent a distinct subtype from a biological and prognostic perspective. Nonetheless, it currently constitutes an essential biomarker to guide treatment selection and its introduction has led to reconsidering the binary classification of HER2 status according to which only patients with HER2-positive BC were thought to derive benefit from anti-HER2 therapies. Trastuzumab deruxtecan has recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with HER2-low metastatic BC based on the results of the DESTINY-Breast04 phase III trial, and other antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting HER2 are showing promising results. Treatment paradigms for both triple-negative and hormone receptor-positive BCs exhibiting HER2-low expression are thus rapidly evolving. Given its therapeutic implications, it is essential to accurately recognize the level of HER2 expression, and the development of more sensitive and reliable methods for HER2 testing and scoring is warranted, especially since the minimum threshold of HER2 expression required for T-DXd efficacy is currently under investigation. Given the signs of activity of T-DXd even in patients with HER2-0 (IHC 0) disease, an evolution in the way we define HER2-low is anticipated. Considering the expansion of the therapeutic armamentarium for BC patients, with several ADCs approaching the clinic, research efforts are needed to clarify whether the expression level of targets can enrich for responders to a given ADC as well as to understand mechanisms of resistance with the goal of optimizing the sequencing of ADCs.
Incidence of hyperthyroidism in patients with bipolar or schizoaffective disorder with or without lithium: 21-year follow-up from the LiSIE retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lieber Ingrid , Ott Michael , Lundqvist Robert , Eliasson Mats , Werneke Ursula
Published: February 2023

Background:

Lithium-associated hyperthyroidism is much rarer than lithium-associated hypothyroidism. Yet, it may be of substantial clinical significance for affected individuals. For instance, lithium-associated hyperthyroidism could destabilise mood, mimic manic episodes and impact physical health. Only few studies have explored incidence rates of lithium-associated hyperthyroidism. Even fewer studies have compared incidence rates according to lithium exposure history.

Objectives:

To determine the impact of lithium treatment on the incidence rate of hyperthyroidism in patients with bipolar or schizoaffective disorder and assess its aetiology.

Design:

This study is part of the LiSIE (Lithium – Study into Effects and Side Effects) retrospective cohort study.

Methods:

Between 1997 and 2017, patients in the Swedish region of Norrbotten with a diagnosis of bipolar or schizoaffective disorder were screened for all episodes of overt hyperthyroidism in form of thyrotoxicosis or thyroiditis. Incidence rates of episodes of hyperthyroidism per 1000 person-years (PY) were compared in relation to lithium exposure; concurrent, previous, or no exposure ever (lithium-naïve patients)

Results:

In 1562 patients, we identified 16 episodes of hyperthyroidism corresponding to an incidence rate of 0.88 episodes per 1000 PY. Ninety-four percent of episodes had occurred in women. Patients who had concurrently been exposed to lithium, had an incidence rate of 1.35 episodes per 1000 PY. Patients who had previously been exposed to lithium had an incidence rate of 0.79 per 1000 PY. Patients who had never been exposed to lithium had an incidence rate of 0.47 per 1000 PY. There were no significant differences in the risk ratios for patients with concurrent or previous exposure compared with lithium-naïve patients, neither for hyperthyroidism overall, thyrotoxicosis, or thyroiditis.

Conclusion:

Lithium-associated hyperthyroidism seems uncommon. The risk of hyperthyroidism does not seem significantly higher in patients with current or previous lithium exposure than in lithium-naïve patients.
The effect of pregabalin on postoperative pain after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Kazemi Seyyed Morteza , Kouhestani Emad , Hosseini Seyyed Mehdi
Published: February 2023

Background

Despite the enormous success of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, acute neuropathic pain can develop postoperatively and is both distressing and difficult to treat once established. Pregabalin, an anticonvulsant agent that selectively affects the nociceptive process, has been used as a pain relief agent. The purpose of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the pain control effect of pregabalin versus placebo after ACL reconstruction.

Method

A search of the literature was performed from inception to June 2022, using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane and EBSCO. Studies considered for inclusion were RCTs that reported relevant outcomes (postoperative pain scores, cumulative opioid consumption, adverse events) following administration of pregabalin in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction.

Result

Five placebo-controlled RCTs involving 272 participants met the inclusion criteria. 75 mg and 150 mg oral pregabalin was used in included trials. Two studies used a single dose of pregabalin one hour before anesthesia induction. Two studies used pregabalin 1 hour before anesthesia induction and 12 hours after. One study used daily pregabalin 7 days before and 7 days after surgery. Out of five papers, three papers found significantly lower pain intensity and cumulative opioid consumption in pregabalin group compared with placebo group. However, a decrease in pain scores was found in all trials. Pregabalin administration was associated with dizziness and nausea.

Conclusion

The use of pregabalin may be a valuable asset in pain management after ACL reconstruction. However, future studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up period are required.
Counselling of path_BRCA carriers who are considering risk-reducing oophorectomy
Authors: Manley Kristyn , Ryan Neil , Jenner Abigail , Newton Claire , Hillard Timothy
Published: February 2023

path_ BRCA 1/2 increases a woman’s lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Interventions can be offered which manage cancer risk; annual breast screening from age 30, chemoprevention and, once a woman’s family is complete, risk-reducing surgery. The latter is the most effective method of reducing cancer in path_ BRCA carriers; salpingo-oophorectomy reduces breast and ovarian cancer, respectively, by up to 50% and 95%. Factors affecting a woman’s decision to undergo risk-reducing surgery are complex; dominant factors include risks of surgery, effect on cancer outcomes and menopausal sequelae. Specific information relating to hormone replacement and non-hormonal alternatives are an important consideration for women but, are often overlooked. Informative counselling is required to enable satisfaction with the chosen intervention whilst improving survival outcomes. This review paper outlines the current data pertaining to these decision-making factors and provides a proforma to enable effective counselling.
Research Trends of Written Corrective Feedback in L2 Writing: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Miao Jia , Chang Jiangmei , Ma Li
Published: February 2023

Written corrective feedback in Second Language Writing is one of the most important parts in L2 Acquisition and Language Teaching. CiteSpace is a convenient and effective bibliometric analysis tool which is widely used by researchers to explore the development tends of a certain field. The Web of Science core collection database was used as the primary source for data collection. There were 272 effective articles were selected from 2001 to 2021. The hot research topics in recent 20 years and emerging trends were showed. It was found that the research of written corrective feedback has entered a period of rapid development after the accumulation of basic knowledge in the early stage. Many empirical studies have been carried out. The distribution, cooperation, development trends and hotpots of current research are presented through visual map analysis in this study. In the future, the written corrective feedback research could try to concentrate on the psychological process and feedback providers, and it is also suggested to combine interdisciplinary knowledge such as education, psychology, neurology, etc., and use new research and measurement methods to promote the development of written corrective feedback.