bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prosthetic liner-socket design for children with long congenital and amputated shoulder
Authors: Kruglov Anton V. , Lein Gregory A.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Traditional cosmetic prosthetic designs for a long shoulder stump in children have several disadvantages, such as a rigid uncomfortable receiving socket, the need to use a strap fastening, and the non-cosmetic product due to the disproportionate shoulder and forearm length compared with the preserved limb.
AIM: This study aimed to design, manufacture, and test a prototype of the shoulder stump liner-socket.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new liner-socket of a shoulder cosmetic prosthesis has been developed, confirmed by a Russian Federation patent for an invention, which for the first time, in the practice of domestic prosthetics, is made of two types of silicone and has been successfully used in cosmetic prosthetics for 17 children, of whom 10 previously used traditional long stump prosthesis. Satisfaction with new liner-socket prosthesis was analyzed using a psychometric scale compared with a conventional prosthesis.
RESULTS: The developed design combines both the inner socket function, which allows the elbow hinge to be attached to it and the liner properties, which ensures a comfortable stay of the stump in the receiving socket due to the properties of silicone and excludes the use of traditional bandages.
CONCLUSIONS: The presented medical and technical solution ensures the simplicity and reliability of fastening the cosmetic shoulder stump prosthesis, including on the long shoulder stump, without disturbing the relatively healthy limb proportions, as well as wearing comfort.
Spinal osteotomy for children with congenital scoliosis with unilateral unsegmented bar: Preliminary results
Authors: Vissarionov Sergey V. , Asadulaev Marat S. , Khardikov Michael A. , Shabunin Anton S. , Khusainov Nikita O. , Kartavenko Kirill A.
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Segmentation disorder of the lateral surfaces of the vertebral bodies leads to the development of progressive deformity of the spine. Surgical interventions in different variants are the only effective way of treatment. This study examines the use of corrective vertebrectomy in patients with congenital scoliosis with impaired segmentation of the lateral surfaces of the vertebral bodies.
Objective of the study. To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of children with congenital scoliosis with impaired segmentation of the lateral surfaces of vertebral bodies.
Materials and Methods. A single-center retrospective study on the basis of the Department of Spinal Pathology and Neurosurgery at the Turner Scientific and Research Center for Pediatric Traumatology and Orthopedics. G.I. Turner for the period from 2014 to 2020. Twenty-six patients were included in the study: 14 girls and 12 boys. The age range was 84 to 144 months. All patients underwent surgical intervention in the volume of a one-stage corrective wedge vertebrectomy. Statistical processing was performed by comparing the reliability of differences in distributions using Wilcoxon t-criterion.
Results and discussion. The median Cobb preoperative scoliotic deformity was 31, interquartile interval (IQR) = 30.5. The median preoperative lordotic deformity was 29 Cobb, IQR = 29.5. The magnitude of correction of the scoliotic component of the deformity was 84%, (median value after intervention: 5 according to Cobb, IQR = 14.5). The magnitude of correction of pathological lordosis of the thoracic spine was 41%, (median value after intervention: 17 according to Cobb, IQR = 14.5). The obtained results were statistically significant (p 0.05).
Conclusion. Corrective wedge vertebrectomy is an effective method for surgical treatment of children with congenital spinal deformity with impaired segmentation of the lateral surfaces of vertebral bodies. This method of treatment achieves an average of 84% correction of scoliotic deformity and 41% correction of pathological lordosis.
Andrey Ivanovich Krasnov. 29.04.1947–15.11.2021
Authors: Baindurashvili Alexey G.
Published: January 2022

On November 15, 2021, at the age of 75, an outstanding orthopedic traumatologist, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Candidate of Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Educational and Methodological Department of the FSBI "NMIC of Pediatric Traumatology and Orthopedics named after G. I. Turner" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, associate Professor of the Department of Pediatric Traumatology and Orthopedics of the I. I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia Andrey Ivanovich Krasnov passed away.
A Source Physics Interpretation of Nonself-Similar Double-Corner-Frequency Source Spectral Model JA19_2S
Authors: Ji Chen , Archuleta Ralph J.
Published: January 2022

We investigate the relation between the kinematic double-corner-frequency source spectral model JA19_2S (Ji and Archuleta, 2020) and static fault geometry scaling relations proposed by Leonard (2010). We find that the nonself-similar low-corner-frequency scaling relation of JA19_2S model can be explained using the fault length scaling relation of Leonard’s model combined with an average rupture velocity ∼70% of shear-wave speed for earthquakes 5.3 < M< 6.9. Earthquakes consistent with both models have magnitude-independent average static stress drop and average dynamic stress drop around 3 MPa. Their scaled energy e˜ is not a constant. The decrease of e˜ with magnitude can be fully explained by the magnitude dependence of the fault aspect ratio. The high-frequency source radiation is generally controlled by seismic moment, static stress drop, and dynamic stress drop but is further modulated by the fault aspect ratio and the relative location of the hypocenter. Based on these two models, the commonly quoted average rupture velocity of 70%–80% of shear-wave speed implies predominantly unilateral rupture.
Cartesian Meshing Spherical Earth (CMSE): A Code Package to Incorporate the Spherical Earth in SPECFEM3D Cartesian Simulations
Authors: Li Guoliang , Tao Kai , Chen Min , Li Jiaqi , Maguire Ross , Ma Xiaodan
Published: January 2022

The SPECFEM3D_Cartesian code package is widely used in simulating seismic wave propagation on local and regional scales due to its computational efficiency compared with the one-chunk version of the SPECFEM3D_Globe code. In SPECFEM3D_Cartesian, the built-in meshing tool maps a spherically curved cube to a rectangular cube using the Universal Transverse Mercator projection (UTM). Meanwhile, the geodetic east, north, and up directions are assigned as the local x–y–z directions. This causes coordinate orientation issues in simulating waveform propagation in regions larger than 6° × 6° or near the Earth’s polar regions. In this study, we introduce a new code package, named Cartesian Meshing Spherical Earth (CMSE), that can accurately mesh the 3D geometry of the Earth’s surface under the Cartesian coordinate frame, while retaining the geodetic directions. To benchmark our new package, we calculate the residual amplitude of the CMSE synthetics with respect to the reference synthetics calculated by SPECFEM3D_Globe. In the regional scale simulations with an area of 1300 km × 1300 km, we find a maximum of 5% amplitude residual for the SPECFEM3D_Cartesian synthetics using the mesh generated by the CMSE, much smaller than the maximum amplitude residual of 100% for the synthetics based on its built-in meshing tool. Therefore, our new meshing tool CMSE overcomes the limitations of the internal mesher used by SPECFEM3D_Cartesian and can be used for more accurate waveform simulations in larger regions beyond one UTM zone. Furthermore, CMSE can deal with regions at the south and north poles that cannot be handled by the UTM projection. Although other external code packages can be used to mesh the curvature of the Earth, the advantage of the CMSE code is that it is open-source, easy to use, and fully integrated with SPECFEM3D_Cartesian.
100 Years of Paper Seismograms from Denmark and Greenland, 1907–2008
Authors: Dahl-Jensen Trine , Lund Jacobsen Lif , Graulund Sølund Ann-Sophie , Larsen Tine B. , Voss Peter H.
Published: January 2022

The paper seismograms from 100 years of observations in Denmark and Greenland has since October 2021 been made available through the Danish National Archives. Five case stories illustrate the quality and variation of the seismograms, and the historical context of operation of the stations. (1) The earliest recorded earthquake in the archive is recorded at GDH station in Greenland, where the 1907 Mw 7.2 earthquake in Tajikistan is recorded on smoked paper. (2) The first Danish earthquake is a local event close to Copenhagen in 1930. (3) We have illustrated the 50 megaton nuclear explosion in Novaya Zemlya in 1961—the largest nuclear test explosion ever. (4) The M 9.2 earthquake in Alaska in 1964 recorded on several instruments at COP. (5) A local earthquake in northeast Greenland recorded both on paper on World-Wide Standard Seismographic Network instruments and digitally on a modern broadband instrument.
Shifting to Task-Switching
Authors:   , Abber Sophie Rose , Manasse Stephanie M
Published: January 2022

Though cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is moderately effective for the treatment of bulimia nervosa (BN), many patients continue to persistently engage in dietary restraint and compensatory behaviors after treatment. One explanation for this rigid persistence is an underlying impairment in cognitive flexibility (i.e., the ability to adapt behavior in response to the environment). Despite strong theoretical support for cognitive flexibility deficits in BN, prior findings have been mixed, most likely resulting from a combination of three factors: (1) a mismatch between construct and measurement; (2) insufficient accounting for potential confounding variables; and (3) the possibility that cognitive flexibility deficits are constrained to disorder-specific stimuli. Thus, the present study aimed to re-evaluate cognitive flexibility in BN by using a paradigm which can effectively isolate cognitive flexibility (i.e., a task-switching paradigm), accounting for confounding variables, and developing a novel food-specific cognitive flexibility measure. In Phase I, we developed and validated a novel food-specific task-switching paradigm in an undergraduate sample (N = 50). In Phase II, we compared BN (N = 28) and healthy control (HC; N = 39) performance on a general and food-specific task-switching paradigm, with the aims of assessing: 1) whether BN has poorer cognitive flexibility than HC in terms of switch costs (i.e., impaired ability to switch between tasks), mix costs (i.e., impaired performance on the same task after a switch), and switching between healthy and unhealthy food stimuli on the food-specific task; 2) whether BN has poorer food-specific versus general cognitive flexibility; and 3) whether self-reported behavioral flexibility mediates the relationship between BN status and cognitive flexibility. Findings did not support the presence of cognitive flexibility deficits in BN, but did tentatively support other neurocognitive impairments (e.g., goal maintenance, attention) though these effects were reduced when accounting for other, potentially confounding psychiatric disorders. While participants with BN performed more poorly than HC on the general and food-specific paradigms, this difference in performance was not attributable to increased switch costs, mix costs, or impaired switching between healthy and unhealthy food stimuli. Furthermore, BN did not perform more poorly on the food-specific versus general task. Findings also did not support the hypothesis that behavioral flexibility mediates the relationship between BN status and cognitive flexibility. Potential explanations for poor BN performance on task-switching paradigms in the absence of cognitive flexibility deficits and ideas for future iterations of the food-specific task-switching paradigm are discussed.
Meteorolojik Faktörler Yardımıyla Bazı Buğday Çeşitlerinde Verim Tahmini: Şanlıurfa Ceylanpınar Örneği
Authors: AKCAPINAR Muhammed Cem , ÇAKMAK Belgin
Published: January 2022

Buğday dünya genelinde açlığın izlemesinde temel gösterge kabul edilen en önemli ürünlerden biridir ve artan nüfusun ihtiyacını karşılayacak miktarda buğday üretiminin sağlanması bir zorunluluktur. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Şanlıurfa Ceylanpınar yöresinde meteorolojik faktörlerin kuru koşullarda yetiştirilen buğday çeşitlerinin verimleriyle arasındaki ilişkilerin büyüme dönemlerine göre ortaya konulması ve çeşit bazlı verim tahmin modellerinin geliştirilmesidir. Araştırmada buğday büyüme dönemleri; Çimlenme/Çıkış, Kardeşlenme, Sapa Kalkma, Başaklanma, Tane Oluşumu ve Olgunlaşma olarak ele alınmış, toplam vejetasyon süresi ortalaması Dinlenme periyoduyla birlikte 235 gün olarak belirlenmiştir. Yörede araştırma periyodu içinde en çok ekilen buğday çeşitlerinden bazıları olan Pandas, Fırat-93, Pehlivan ve Çeşit-1252 araştırmanın konusuna dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmada Pandas ve Fırat-93 çeşitlerinde vejetasyon süresi yağışlarının (sırasıyla r=0.74 ve r=0.73), Pehlivan çeşidinde ortalama rüzgâr hızının (r=0.74) ve Çeşit-1252 çeşidinde Çimlenme/Çıkış dönemi yağışlarının (r=0.88) verimler üzerinde en yüksek etkili değişkenler olduğu belirlenmiş, çeşit bazlı tahmin modelleri geliştirilmiş ve ilgili yıllar için verim tahminleri yapılmıştır.
FEATURES OF YOUTH CHINESE INTERNET SLANG
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, Prutckikh Tatiana А. , Balakina Milena Е. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Economics
Published: January 2022

В статье на основе анализа языкового материала, отобранного из электронных молодежных чатов китайской интернет-сети, представлены источники происхождения и способы образования интернет-сленга. Все характеристики иллюстрированы примерами, многие из которых сопровождаются лингвокультурологическими комментариями.
POETRY AND THE MEANING OF LIFE IN THE NOVEL "GLASS" BY THE MODERN CHRISTIAN WRITER BEI CUN
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, Dyshenov Alexander V.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются христианские мотивы в творчестве современного китайского писателя Бэй Цуня на примере его романа «Стекло». Предпринимается попытка представить поэзию и сам иероглиф 诗 с позиции христианского богословия, проводятся параллели с романом писателя, где два главных героя как раз являются поэтами.
CHINESE SOURCES ON THE SPIRITUAL CULTURE OF THE DAURPEOPLES
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies SB RAS, Tsybenov Bazar D.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена изучению источников на китайской языке, рассматривающих различные аспекты духовной культуры даурского народа. Автор, в частности, рассматривает жанры устного народного творчества, историю приобщения дау-ров к маньчжурской письменности, религиозные воззрения народа. В заключении работы отмечено современное состояние культурной жизни дауров.
TRANSCENDENTAL AND IMMANENT IN A LANGUAGE (by the example of Сhinese lingual sign龙 lóng)
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Plyaskina Ekaterina A.
Published: January 2022

Данная статья посвящена исследованию двух философских категорий — трансцендентного и имманентного применительно к языку. На примере китайского языкового знака 龙lóng (дракон) показано, что основой формирования значений знака могут быть как трансцендентные, так и имманентные факторы. Предполагается, что существо, впоследствии обозначенное знаком 龙lóng, первоначально представляло собой объект-медиатор, форму имманентизации трансцендентных принципов упорядочения в предметной форме.
CHINESE TEA TRADE HISTORY FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Wang Yu
Published: January 2022

В данной статье описана история становления и развития чайной торговли в Древнем и Средневековом Китае. Автор последовательно рассматривает чай как сельскохозяйственную культуру, как элемент товарно-денежных отношений, важный источник пополнения государственного бюджета и часть финансовой системы страны, а также как инструмент внешнеполитического давления на сопредельные кочевые народы. На протяжении всей истории Китая чай играл важную роль в культурной и хозяйственной жизни страны. Так, в Древнем Китае чай использовался в основном как подношение императору и способ поощрения императором высшей знати, а во времена династии Тан, после постройки Великого ка-нала, от чайной торговли уже напрямую зависело экономическое благосостояние империи и ее внешнеполитическая стабильность, так как чай был меновым товаром для пополнения армии лошадьми, а зависимость кочевников от потребления чая превратилась в инструмент контроля над кочевниками императорским правительством.
THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF VAJRAYANA BUDDHISM IN CHINA DURING THE TANG DYNASTY
Authors:   Dorzhi Banzarov Buryat State University, Vetluzhskaya Lidia L.
Published: January 2022

В центре исследовательского внимания буддизм ваджраяны в период правления династии Тан (618–907). Будучи не самым популярным направлением буддизма в Китае, именно в танскую эпоху эзотерический буддизм в Китае занял особые позиции и обладал рядом особенностей, не характерных для последующих династийных периодов в истории Китая. В статье рассмотрены и обозначены основные характеристики буддизма ваджраяны в Китае в период Тан. В частности, рас-смотрены аспекты организационного оформления школы ваджраяны Мицзун, переводческая и организационная деятельность основных патриархов школы, появление монастырских центров Мицзун, покровительство императоров школе Мицзун и ее деятелям.
A Prospective Study of Costs Associated With the Evaluation of Allergic Reactions to Radiological Contrast Media
Authors: Sobrino-García M , Muñoz-Bellido FJ , Moreno E , Gracia-Bara MT , Laffond E , Lázaro-Sastre M , Martín-García C , Dávila I
Published: January 2022

Background: The prevalence of hypersensitivity reactions to radiological contrast media (RCM) is increasing owing to the improved performance of diagnostic and therapeutic tests that require RCMs. Objective: We carried out a year-long real-life observational study to prospectively evaluate patients referred to the allergy department from primary care, the emergency department, and other specialties with suspected moderate-to-severe RCM hypersensitivity reactions. Methods: To study the costs of evaluating RCM hypersensitivity reactions, we systematically recorded direct and indirect costs.Results: Sixty-nine patients with previous reactions to RCM were evaluated in the allergy department from June 1, 2017, to May 31, 2018.Total direct health care costs were €10 715.84, with a mean (SD) cost per patient of €155.30 (77.08). Specifically, direct non–health care costs reached €1605.42 (mean, €23.27 [41.14]), and indirect costs were €6490.85 (mean, €94.07 [110.61]). In summary, the total cost was €18 812.11, that is, a mean cost of €272.64 (164.77). Conclusions: Our study shows that the costs of an elective evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions to RCM are low, thus confirming that correct and safe management of affected patients are cost-effective. Therefore, our efforts should be directed toward ensuring the necessary logistics.
Pre-analytical specimen labelling and processing errors in the ICU
Authors: Nguyen Long , Microys Sherissa
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Specimen rejections have been associated with increased in-hospital stay and cost. The majority of errors occur in the pre-analytic phase. Specimen rejection can lead to high rate of recollection, delay in result availability, and high rate of test abandonment. These factors affect patient care and safety.
Methods: This study conducted a retrospective review of Patient Safety Learning System (PSLS) reports for the intensive care unit (ICU) at The Ottawa Hospital General Campus (TOH) between 2010 and 2018, and a prospective review using interviews, surveys, and process mapping.
Results: From 2098 PSLS reports, 52.6% were related to laboratory specimen collection and processing (pre-analytic phase). Specimen mislabelling with the wrong patient identifier accounted for 9.8% of pre-analytical error reports, while 16.4% of errors were due to non-sufficient quantity (NSQ) of specimen. 12.2 % of pre-analytical error reports involved cytology specimens.
Conclusions: Pre-analytical errors are not only costly and resource draining, but may also place a burden on patients.  Areas where errors were found include labels and requisitions stored in bedside cabinets, inconsistencies between specimen labels and requisitions, out-dated and difficult to access laboratory manuals, and non-sufficient quantity specimen collection. In the future we hope to start new initiatives to tackle these issues to improve patient safety and hospital efficiencies. This includes the development of a website for the laboratory manual, so that it is more easily accessible and user-friendly. With a new electronic medical record (EMR) system at TOH in 2019, we will explore the affects of pre-analytical processing of specimens.
Placing Priority on Faith in Providing a Foundation for Children to Face Puberty
Authors: Yuniarti Falasifah Ani , Ismail Djauhar , Prabandari Yayi Suryo , Werdati Sri
Published: January 2022

Background: Children will experience puberty at the age of 9-15 years, influenced by several factors. Various changes require children to be ready to face them. Teachers carry out preparations, especially those who teach in elementary schools.Objective: This research is qualitative research that aims to explore the preparation made by teachers in preparing for puberty. A total of nine Islamic-based school teachers were interviewed at their schools.Methods:  In-depth interviews were conducted using structured open questions. The analysis employed Van Manen’s method.Result: This study raised three themes: the teacher's perception of student development, how the teacher prepares for puberty, and the problems faced in educating children to face puberty.Conclusion: it is necessary to develop a model that can prepare children to enter puberty.
Monitoring of bone fractured healing using biochemical markers among patients attending federal teaching hospital abakaliki and bone setter home in onueke ebonyi state, Nigeria
Authors: Okezie A O , Edeogu C O , Onweh D A , Ogbodo E C , Okebalama A A , Izuchukwu E C O , Aikpitanyi-Iduitua G A , Nwanguma D E
Published: January 2022

The monitoring of bone fractured healing using Alkaline phosphatase, calcium ion and inorganic phosphate was evaluated among patients with fractured bone in two different centers, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki and Bone Setters Home, Onueke, Ezza in Ebonyi State between August 2017 and September 2018.

: A total of 90 adults patients from 18 years to 78 years were examined using phenolphthalein monophosphate colorimetric end point method. Out of the 90 patients, 30 were healthy normal subjects, another 30 were patients in AE-FUTHA while the remaining 30 patients were in bone setter home.

: Patients without bone fracture had the least mean serum level of alkaline phosphatase, 28.5 ± 9.0µl followed by those admitted in bone setter home with a mean serum level of 38.2±17.9µl while patients admitted in AE-FUTHA had the highest mean serum level of 41.4±6.5µl (P<0.05). The mean serum level of calcium was significantly higher 10.9± 2.6mg/dl in healthy normal patients compared to mean serum level of 9.2 ± 3.3mg/dl and 7.4 ± 1.3mg/dl for patients admitted in AE-FUTHA and bone setter home respectively. The mean serum level of inorganic phosphate indicate that patients admitted in bone setter home had the highest mean of 4.1 ± 1.0mg/dl followed by patients admitted in AE-FUTHA 3.4 ± 0.2mg/dl while that of healthy normal individuals had the least mean serum level of 3.2 ± 0.5mg/dl.

: Out of the three parameters examined, alkaline phosphatase test was more precise, reliable and patient doctor friendly; hence it can be used as a veritable tool to monitor the process of bone fracture healing effectively.
Perception of 1 MBBS students about educational environment through ‘DREEM’ questionnaire
Authors: Rukadikar Atul R , Rukadikar Charushila , Jaiswal Nitesh
Published: January 2022

In an undergraduate (UG) medical education program, the educational environment is a critical factor of effective outcomes. Because it is a proven approach for this assessment in medical schools, the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) was employed in this study.

1. To assess the student’s perception of the educational environment using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire among 1st-year undergraduate medical students. 2. To identify the strengths and weaknesses in student’s educational environment.

A cross-sectional study was carried out among first-year medical students. To obtain student perceptions of the educational environment, a widely accepted DREEM questionnaire was employed. The DREEM questionnaire is divided into five sections, each of which has 50 statements that are rated on a five-point Likert scale (0–4). The questionnaire was distributed to consented individuals (n=150) after receiving ethical approval. The filled questions were collected and statistically evaluated. The data were presented as mean and standard deviation, frequency, and percentages. The responses were analyzed and interpreted using McAleer and Roff's practical recommendations.

There was a 100% response rate. The average DREEM score was 124.9 ± 50 (62.46%). Among the five DREEM dimensions, students' perceptions of learning received the highest score (65.63%), while students' perceptions of the environment received the lowest (59.31 %).Statements “I have good friends in this college”, “My social life is good” and “I am confident about passing this year” scored ≥ 3 of 4 points.

“A more positive than negative perception,” according to the total mean DREEM score. Student confidence, social life, instructor knowledge, encouragement to participate in a teaching session, teacher preparedness, and having excellent friends on campus received the most positive answers. However, there is space for development in areas where there is a lack of expertise, such as student ennui and creative teaching.
Evolución del programa música los viernes en las aulas hospitalarias de la Región de Murcia
Authors: Gambao González Aldara , López Melgarejo Alba María
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión histórica que permite dar a conocer la evolución del programa Música los Viernes desarrollado en dos hospitales de la Región de Murcia. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y recurre tanto al análisis documental como a las entrevistas abiertas. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian los beneficios que aportan el proyecto musical a nivel emocional en el alumnado hospitalizado y muestran como el proceso de institucionalización del mismo avalado durante sus dieciséis años de vigencia. Se ha determinado la tipología de actividades realizadas, los recursos materiales y el lugar de realización. A su vez, se ha observado un incremento significativo en el número de participantes de manera progresiva superando los ochenta maestros durante el último curso. Como conclusión, el programa de música ayuda a solventar los problemas emocionales y a reducir el estrés de los alumnos debido a la hospitalización.
Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos en Formación Profesional: la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías a la investigación de mercados en los ciclos de comercio y marketing
Authors: González-Ferriz Fernando
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo profundizar en la metodología del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) y su aplicación a los estudios de Formación Profesional. Para ello se describen los fundamentos teóricos que dieron origen a la disciplina y se detallan las fases de implementación de un proyecto centrado en la aplicación de las Nuevas Tecnologías a la Investigación de Mercados. Cobran especial atención dos aspectos: el trabajo colaborativo y el proceso de evaluación, aportando ambos las claves de un sistema de enseñanza centrado en el alumno. Esta metodología, si bien requiere cambios, va a contribuir a mejorar los índices de motivación del alumnado, así como el ambiente de trabajo.
The US-German Economic Relationship in 2021. Achievements and expectations
Authors: Ivanova Anna K.
Published: January 2022

In 2021, the authorities of the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States confirmed their intentions to restore the transatlantic partnership. Further changes in the global market depend on the relationship between J. Biden`s administration and the new government coalition in Germany and Germany`s EU-partners. The high level of German-American economic interpenetration, confirmed by the results of the analysis, determines the agenda of political and economic cooperation between the two countries. In this context, their existing contradictions and their determination for mutual concessions represent particular importance. The German economy is especially sensitive to the protectionism of its main economic partners, the United States and the China. The country is interested in maintaining its competitiveness, which can push it to more active participation in the development of the US-China relations and attempts to strengthen its position in the EU in the implementation of the economic development strategy. The article analyzes bilateral investment activity, trade, expectations of national business in the territory of a partner country; highlighted the main economic contradictions with the Federal Republic of Germany during the presidency of D. Trump and J. Biden. The aftermath of the pandemic has negatively affected bilateral trade. In the meantime businesses of both countries are planning expantion and not expected to quit the market, which suggests a return to the positive trend in trade in the mid- term.
Double Thresholding with Sine Entropy for Thermal Image Segmentation
Authors: Manda Manikanta Prahlad , Hyun Daijoon
Published: January 2022

Traditional thresholding methods are often used for image segmentation of real images. However, due to distinct characteristics of infrared thermal images, it is difficult to ensure an optimal image segmentation using the traditional thresholding algorithms, and therefore, sometimes this can lead to over-segmentation, missing object information, and/or spurious responses in the output. To overcome these issues, we propose a new thresholding technique that makes use of the sine entropy-based criterion. Moreover, we build a double thresholding technique that makes use of two thresholds to get the final image thresholding result. Besides, we introduce the sine entropy concept as a supplement of the Shannon entropy in creating threshold-dependent criterion derived from the grayscale histogram. We found that the sine entropy is more robust in interpreting the strength of the long-range correlation in the gray levels compared to the Shannon entropy. We have experimented with our method on several infrared thermal images collected from standard image databases to describe the performance. On comparing with the state-of-art methods, the qualitative results from the experiments show that the proposed method achieves the best performance with an average sensitivity of 0.98 and an average misclassification error of 0.01, and second-best performance with an average sensitivity of 0.99 and an average specificity of 0.93.
Color Enhancement of Low Illumination Garden Landscape Images
Authors: Zhang Qian , Lu Shuang , Liu Lei , Liu Yi , Zhang Jing , Shi Daoyuan
Published: January 2022

The unfavorable shooting environment severely hinders the acquisition of actual landscape information in garden landscape design. Low quality, low illumination garden landscape images (GLIs) can be enhanced through advanced digital image processing. However, the current color enhancement models have poor applicability. When the environment changes, these models are easy to lose image details, and perform with a low robustness. Therefore, this paper tries to enhance the color of low illumination GLIs. Specifically, the color restoration of GLIs was realized based on modified dynamic threshold. After color correction, the low illumination GLI were restored and enhanced by a self-designed convolutional neural network (CNN). In this way, the authors achieved ideal effects of color restoration and clarity enhancement, while solving the difficulty of manual feature design in landscape design renderings. Finally, experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed image color enhancement approach.
Evaluation of Logistics Service Quality: Sentiment Analysis of Comment Text Based on Multi-Level Graph Neural Network
Authors: Chen Wei , Zheng Xuan , Zhou Haijun , Li Zhe
Published: January 2022

The world is severely impacted by the coronavirus (COVID19). During the epidemic, logistics service, an often-overlooked pillar of the modern society, steps into the spotlight. However, the service capability is inevitably weakened by the epidemic. The fatigued service providers are increasingly unable to meet the high expectations of users, who therefore leave harsh comments on logistics services. It is important for managers to find information that helps to improve management, out of the biased and angry comments. Text sentiment analysis is a fundamental work in natural language processing (NLP). In recent years, graph neural network (GNN) has achieved excellent performance in various NLP tasks. Nevertheless, GNN only considers the adjacent words, as it updates graph nodes. The model thereby emphasizes local features over global features, and misses the intent of the comment text. This paper constructs a triple graph neural network (TGNN) to serve the sentiment analysis of service texts. Firstly, the corresponding node connection windows were applied on different network layers to consider both local and global features. Next, the graph attention network (GAT) was adopted as the message delivery mechanism to fuse the features of all word nodes in the graph. Experimental results show that, the TGNN can evaluate the comment texts on logistics service quality more accurately than the other models.
Peggio il rimedio del male? Argomenti e valori nelle controversie sulla vaccinazione contro il Covid-19
Authors: Załęska Maria
Published: January 2022

An interdisciplinary approach involving linguistics, rhetoric, and argumentation theory helps reveal how people argue their opinions and decisions. Although the pandemic is a common experience, its risks are perceived in different ways. For some, the real threat is Covid-19 and the remedy is vaccination. For others, however, the real risk is the vaccine and the “remedy” is refusal to get vaccinated. Justifying their opinions on the subject, Italian Internet users refer to common values (such as life, health, responsibility, etc.). However, since Internet users diagnose risks in different ways, they make use of shared values in differing ways. In this paper, the views of those for and against vaccination are analyzed from three complementary perspectives. The first one concerns the differences in which people conceive of various values. The second one shows how, using the same topoi, pro- and anti-vaccine advocates create different hierarchies of values that are fundamental to their respective decisions. Finally, the third one explores differences in the ways values are used in various argumentation schemes used in disputes on vaccination.
Психосоматический симптом как способ выражения и осмысления внутреннего конфликта
Authors: Романова Е.А.
Published: January 2022

Обращаясь к теме психосоматического симптома, автор вводит нас в пространство консультирования и психотерапии. С целью определения преимуществ, получаемых клиенткой от существования своей проблемы, он предлагает к использованию технику «Мой симптом». Рефлексии подлежат разные уровни – от воспоминания о первом появлении симптома через установление идентичности до завершающего обсуждения смысла симптома.
Естественное право в Древнем Риме и возможность его применения в Российской Федерации
Authors: Котова С.Г.
Published: January 2022

В статье исследовано естественное право в системе права Древнего Рима, а также изучена возможноть сфер общественных отношений, в которых возможно его применение в Российской Федерации.
О субсидиарной ответственности участников полного товарищества
Authors: Рабец А.П. , Новосёлова Д.И.
Published: January 2022

В настоящей статье автор характеризует понятие, виды хозяйственных товариществ, закреплённые Гражданским кодексом Российской Федерации, сравнивает ответственность их участников, а также выделяет особенности ответственности участника полного товарищества по долгам общества. Анализ судебной практики, а также особенностей правового регулирования ответственности, возлагаемой на участников полного товарищества в течение двух лет после выхода из его состава, а также сравнение объема ответственности участников полного товарищества и членов акционерного общества позволяет констатировать нецелесообразность сохранения такой организационно-правовой формы как полное товарищество в ГК РФ.
Математическое моделирование влияния диэлектрической проницаемости среды на сверхвысокочастотный нагрев
Authors: Егоров Г.И. , Гараев Т.К.
Published: January 2022

В работе исследуется влияние действительной и мнимой частей диэлектрической проницаемости, на нагрев диэлектрического материала при воздействии электромагнитной волной сверхвысокой частоты. Полученные результаты и проведенные исследования показали, что действительная и мнимые части значительно влияют температуру нагрева, а также на равномерность распределения температурного поля в материале.
Ролевая игра как коммуникативный метод обучения в юридическом вузе
Authors: Баишева З.В.
Published: January 2022

В статье обосновывается положение о целесообразности применения коммуникативного метода в процессе речевой подготовки студентов - будущих юристов. Автор делится опытом проведения ролевой игры «Судебные прения» / «Судебное заседание» на занятиях по речевым дисциплинам «Судебное красноречие» и «Юридическая риторика». Делается вывод о важности применения ролевых игр для профессиональной коммуникативной подготовки будущих специалистов в области юриспруденции.
Мотивирующие признаки концепта «зима» в лингвокультуре эвенов
Authors: Кузьмина Р.П.
Published: January 2022

В статье дается этимологический анализ лексем, репрезентирующих концепта зима в эвенской лингвокультуре. Представлено также семантическое содержание лексем, объективирующих данный концепт. В эвенском языке с дефиницией `зима` используется лексическая единица тугэни. В говорах и диалектах эвенов зафиксировано значительное количество фонетических вариантов лексемы с той же дефиницией.
Трансформация отношения немцев к классическим печатным СМИ в свете статистики
Authors: Ленкова Т.А.
Published: January 2022

Начиная с 90-х годов XX века отношение немцев к печатным газетам и журналам стало постепенно меняться. Причинами стали как идущие во всём мире научно-технические процессы, то есть визуализация и цифровизация, так и внутриполитические события, к которым можно отнести объединение Германии и миграционные волны с Ближнего Востока в последние десятилетия.
Семантические трансформации заимствованных слов в российском моложёном сленге (на материале «твиттер»)
Authors: Николаева В.М. , Степанова З.Б.
Published: January 2022

В современном российском сленге отмечается тенденция к увеличению числа иноязычных заимствований. В статье приведены сленговые слова и выражения, которые использует в своей письменной речи российская молодёжь. Цель исследования – выявить семантические трансформации в лексических заимствованиях. Установлено, что слова из других языков были интегрированы в русскоязычный сленг, не претерпевая значительных смысловых трансформаций
Антонимичные пары наречий в эвенском языке
Authors: Садовникова И.И.
Published: January 2022

Актуальность исследования связана с недостаточной изученностью явления антонимии в эвенском языке, хотя имеют место отдельные статьи и общие замечания в ряде учебников по этой проблеме, большинстве своем, поверхностного характера. Тем не менее, следует заметить, что специального монографического исследования, посвященного сложной природе антонимов, в эвенском языке до сих пор нет. Научная новизна заключается в том, что в статье впервые рассматриваются антонимичные пары наречных антонимов в эвенском языке, объединённые одной понятийной сферой. Цель данного исследования – выявление продуктивных групп синонимических наречий; определение особенностей передачи ими смысловых оттенков, установление антонимической связи между эмоционально-экспрессивными наречиями.
Антраценпроизводные, определение и анализ
Authors: Багаев Д.А.
Published: January 2022

Несмотря на то что каждый год на фармацевтическом рынке появляется несколько тысяч новых лекарственных препаратов на синтетической основе, препараты на основе лекарственного растительного сырья продолжают составлять им конкуренцию. Их преимуществами по сравнению с синтетическими препаратами явялется то, что они менее токсичны, имеют широкий спектр терапевтического воздействия и минимальное количество побочных эффектов. В данной статье будет обзор растений, содержащих антраценпроизводные. Целью является определение основных фармакологических и терапевтических свойств представленных растений.
Особенности конкурентоспособности в индустрии гостеприимства Республики Дагестан
Authors: Абачараева Х.А.
Published: January 2022

Статья посвящена изучению понятий и особенностей конкурентоспособности в индустрии гостеприимства республики Дагестан. Автор в своей статье поднимает вопросы конкурентоспособности гостиничных предприятий города Махачкала, проводиться анализ конкурентных преимуществ гостиничных предприятий, прошедших процедуру классификации и получивших «4» звезды. Отмечается, что в Республике Дагестан наибольшее развитие получили малые гостиничные предприятия. Проводится анализ общего рейтинга гостиниц в системах бронирования по таким показателям как: обслуживание, чистота, соотношение цена/качество, питание, проводиться исследование динамики развития гостиничной индустрии в Республике Дагестан. В условиях жесткой конкурентной борьбы гостиничным предприятиям необходимо приумножать свои конкурентные преимущества и разрабатывать мероприятия, которые будут способствовать их росту. В заключении отмечается, что формировании конкурентных преимуществ гостиниц во многом зависит от потребностей гостей, в активной работе гостиничных предприятий по выявлению их основных предпочтений, проведении работы по выяснению у потребителей как воспринимаются ими качество оказываемых гостиничных услуг по сравнению с другими участниками гостиничного рынка.
Седативные препараты. Достоинство и недостатки препаратов на основе растительного сырья
Authors: Галстян Н.В.
Published: January 2022

В настоящее время довольно стремительно растет количество заболеваний возникающих на фоне стрессовых ситуаций (неврозов). Встречаются неврозы весьма часто, но проявляются они не у всех одинаково. Причин для возникновения данных проблем огромное количество, ведь каждая небольшая проблема может служить толчком для возникновения нервного срыва. Самой главной причиной может послужить весьма длительное пребывание в конкретной или, так сказать определенной ситуации, которая не приятна человеку и приносит негативные эмоции. Как бороться с этим? Существует огромное количество лекарственных препаратов, которые несут положительную реакцию для организма в данной возникшей проблеме. Препараты основываются как на сырье синтетического, так и природного происхождения. У каждой группы препаратов существует большое количество, как плюсов, так и минусов. Препараты синтетического происхождения в свою очередь приносят больше вреда для здоровья человека, весь всем нам известно, что по сравнению с препаратами природного происхождения в них содержится больше вредных для нас компонентов. Препараты основанные на лек.сырье являются менее безвредными, ведь в них содержится минимум различных добавок, приносящих большое количество побочных реакций со стороны организма.
Анализ влияния пандемии COVID-19 на развитие банковского сектора России
Authors: Кенешбаев Д.К.
Published: January 2022

Период пандемии COVID-19 стал сложным этапом для функционирования большинства отраслей, как в России, так и на международном уровне. Особенность данного периода заключается в его нестандартности – большинство предприятий вынуждены были изменить формат работы, приспособиться к государственным регламентам в максимально короткие сроки. Банковская сфера также относится к перечню таких организаций. В связи с указанным, в статье проводится анализ опыта российских банков относительно изменения своего функционирования в период пандемии COVID-19, рассматриваются факторы, повлиявшие на работу банковской сферы, а также выявляются возникшие проблемы в данной сфере и определяются возможные перспективные пути решения их.
Сравнительный фармакоэкономический анализ государственных затрат на сахарный диабет 1 и 2 типа
Authors: Кухнина Л.С. , Хлынова А.Э. , Матясова О.М. , Монахова А.В. , Сорокина Ю.А.
Published: January 2022

Сахарный диабет (СД) - одно из самых распространенных заболеваний в мире, приводящее к значительному снижению качества жизни. Больные СД 1 и 2 типа не могут обходиться без жизненно важных препаратов, большинство из которых имеют высокую стоимость. В данной статье были проанализированы средние затраты на фармакотерапию СД1 и СД2. Результат нашего исследования показал, что стоимость терапии оказалась достаточно высокой. Однако, благодаря программе по осуществлению бесплатного снабжения нуждающихся больных жизненно важными лекарствами пациенты могут поддерживать качественный уровень жизни.
Integration of medical disciplines in a medical university
Authors: Makhinova O.V. , Semenikhina E.S. , Proskurina O.I. , Povalukhina D.A.
Published: January 2022

Latin language and basics of medical terminology is a discipline the study and mastering of which is closely interconnected with other disciplines. Learning Latin in medical school though is totally relevant and has its own specifics, as not the language is learned but its terminology. The lack of Latin terminology knowledge makes it impossible to master anatomy, histology pharmacology and other clinical disciplines.
To the Question of the Study of the Ecological State of Steppe Soils
Authors: Bolotin S.N. , Khalyapina A.V. , Mukvich E.S. , Semenova S.N.
Published: January 2022

This article presents conclusions about the ecological state of steppe soils, which were obtained as a result of the EPR (Electronic paramagnetic resonance) spectroscopy method and the microbiological method. The selection of soil samples for the study was carried out in the steppes of different territories: Voronezh region; Rostov Region; Volgograd Region; Republic of Kalmykia. It was revealed that free radicals were present in all soil samples.
To the Question of the Recreational Load on the Littoral Ecosystems of the Nature Monument «Salty Lake» (Veselovka settlement)
Authors: Lemeshko P.V. , Postarnak Yu.A. , Semenova S.N.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of the study devoted to the assessment of recreational load on littoral phytocenoses in the vicinity of the settlement of Veselovka (Temryukskiy district), confirming that the studied area is actively used for recreational purposes and is experiencing a high anthropogenic load. Violations of water and environmental legislation have been registered. It is necessary to develop a set of measures to optimize recreational environmental management, taking into account the maximum permissible levels of recreational use.
Особенности кормления животных
Authors: Шерстнева В.С. , Лопаева Н.Л. , Неверова О.П.
Published: January 2022

В данной статье рассматривается влияние полноценного кормления на организм животного. Влияние кормов на организм животного. В статье приведены данные состава кормов используемых при кормлении. Рассмотрение возможных изменений телосложений сельскохозяйственных животных.