bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phycoremediation Of Cd And Pb Contaminated Industrial Effluents Using Cladophora Glomerata And Vaucheria Debaryana
Authors: Khan Sara , Ullah Amin , Ayaz Tehreem , Hassan Neelma , Khan Amir Zeb , Lei Ming , Habib Mudassir , Amin Faiz Ul , Aziz Aamir
Published: March 2022

The rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization are regarded as the main source of environmental pollution, particularly aquatic pollution. This study was conducted to evaluate the pollution load of industrial effluents (IE) and to utilize algal species Cladophora glomerata (CG) and Vaucheria debaryana (VD) as cost effective and environmentally friendly bioremediators for the heavy metal (HM) contaminated IE. Samples of IE were collected from the main sewage line of Hayatabad Industrial Estate (HIE) and analyzed for physicochemical parameters using standard methods and HM concentration by Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry. The load of electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were found 5.03 mS/cm, 186 mg/L, 168 mg/L, 336 mg/L, 46.30 mg/L, 53.72 mg/L, 0.507 mg/L and 1.211 mg/L, respectively. The IE was then treated with algal species collected from Peshawar and were transplanted in four pots for 14 days where pots labeled as CTVD and CTCG were serving as control having tap water and VD and CG containers as treatment pots provided with IE. Results found a considerable decrease in EC (49.10–81.46%), DO (3.76-8.60%), BOD (7.81–39.28%), COD (7.81–39.28%), TSS (38.09-62.21%) and TDS (38.09–62.21%), Cd (41.02-48.75%) and Pb (48.72-57.03%). The One-Way ANOVA and T-test analysis revealed that HM concentrations were significantly (p≤ 0.05) reduced by the phycoremediation. The analysis found that C. glomerata removed 48.75% of Cd and 57.027% Pb from IE. The study concluded that phycoremediation using C. glomerata and V. debaryana is one of the environmentally friendly techniques. The procedure is cost-effective and can be utilized for the remediation of IE due to the algal efficiency in terms of HMs removal.
Carbon Stock And Spatial Dynamics In Natural Forests Of Awi Zone, Amhara Region, Northwestern Ethiopia: Implication For Climate Change Mitigation And Adaptation
Authors: Kassaye Melkamu , Derebe Yonas , Kibrie Wondwosson , Debebe Fekadu , Gedamu Bahiru
Published: March 2022

Background: As a mitigation measure of climate change, the natural forest plays a key role in controlling the carbon cycle and ecosystem stability through sequestrating the carbon dioxide. However, there have been limited scientific investigation and communication of the potential carbon stock potential of natural forest resources with the global community. Therefore, inventory and estimation of stocks and fluxes of carbon from natural vegetation under different forest communities and different environmental patterns should be done and communicated to the global community for conservation and to get appropriate credit. To do this, 9 forest communities in different agroecology were selected areas of Awi Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. To this end, 76 quadrates with 20meter*20meter quadrate size 200meter distance within quadrates and transect lines Diameter, height, and environmental gradient data were collected and analyzed with R Ver.3.1, XLSTAT, and SPSS Ver.25. Result: There was a significant difference (p < 0.029) of above and belowground biomass, carbon stock, carbon dioxide sequestration potential, and soil organic carbon across forests communities, slope, altitude, aspect, and agro-ecologies. ‘Saharakani’ forest has the highest carbon stock as the overall pool. Highland forest communities had a better overall carbon pool. In terms of slop gradient, low slope gradient has recorded the highest allover carbon pool followed by a steep slope and lower slope. In altitude gradient all over carbon, the pool has in decreasing order with increasing of altitude. South facing had the highest carbon stock as overall pools followed by east-facing and west-facing and the least is north facing. Lowland forests had better Soil organic carbon followed by highland and mid-altitude forests. Carbon stock as an overall pool is especially dynamics within environmental patterns. Conclusion: There is a huge amount of carbon stock in the natural forest in the study area which has a great potential in carbon dioxide sequestration which mitigates the crisis of climate change. However, appropriate credit was not given yet for this natural forest and the resources are continuously declining. Thus, first of all, urgent conservation is required, and then further plan-based sustainable conservation should work should be done for successfully ecologically climate change mitigation.
Phase separation modulates the assembly and dynamics of a polarity related scaffold-signaling hub
Authors: TAN Wei , Cheng Sihua , Li Yingying , Lu Ning , Sun Jingxian , Tang Guiyue , Yang Yujiao , Cai Kezhu , li xuefei , Ou Xijun , Gao Xiang , Zhao Guo-Ping , Childers William , Zhao Wei
Published: March 2022

Asymmetric cell division (ACD) produces morphologically and behaviorally distinct cells and is the primary way to generate cell diversity. In the model bacterium Caulobacter crescentus, the polarization of distinct scaffold-signaling hubs at the swarmer and staked cell poles constitutes the basis of ACD. However, mechanisms involved in the formation of these hubs remain elusive. Here, we show that a swarmer-cell-pole scaffold, PodJ, forms biomolecular condensates both in vitro and in living cells via phase separation. The intrinsically disordered and coiled-coil 4-6 regions of PodJ mediate biomolecular condensate generation and its signaling protein recruitment. Moreover, a negative regulation of PodJ phase separation by the staked-cell-pole scaffold protein SpmX is revealed and SpmX disturbs PodJ subcellular accumulation and affects its recruitment ability. Together, by modulating the assembly and dynamics of scaffold-signaling hubs, phase separation may serves as a general biophysical mechanism that underlies the regulation of ACD in bacteria and other organisms.
Which Organism is More Suitable As A Toxic Metal Accumulation Bioindicator – Fishes Or Diatoms: A Case Study Of An A Class Wetland In Northwest Türkiye Under Effect Of An Intensive Paddy Cultivation Stress?
Authors: Tokatlı Cem
Published: March 2022

In this research, “diatoms” as the first step and “fishes” as the last step of the food chain were compared as the toxic metal accumulation bioindicator in an A Class wetland in Turkey. Toxicant bioaccumulations were determined in liver, gill and muscle tissues of 2 commercially consumed fish species "Carassius gibelio" and "Cyyprinus carpio" and in frustules of epiphytic diatom communities living on submerged macrophytes. Samples were collected from the Gala Lake, which is among the best stopover habitats of birds migrating between Europe and Africa, seasonally considering the paddy harvest period, which is a major stress factor for the ecosystem. Also potential human health risks associated with the consumption of fishes and consumption – dermal contact of diatoms were evaluated both for summer – before paddy harvest (BPH) and autumn – after paddy harvest (APH) periods. As a result of this research, the investigated toxic metal bioaccumulation levels were increased significantly in diatoms in the APH period, while less significant exchanges were recorded in fish tissues, in general. The data showed that the diatoms are much more sensitive to changes in the environmental conditions than fishes and they are more effective biological tools as toxic metal accumulation bioindicators than fishes.
Relationship pain management and women´s satisfaction during labour. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Báez-Suárez Aníbal , Martín-Castillo Estela , García-Andújar Josué , García-Hernández José Ángel , Quintana-Montesdeoca María P. , Loro-Ferrer Juan Francisco
Published: March 2022

Background: The factors related to the satisfaction of women during labour vary widely. Pain relief is one of the fundamental weaknesses, so it could influence the rating of the rest of the satisfaction items. The use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), like a non-pharmacologic pain relief approach, is a safe and effective technique used during childbirth. Measure for Testing Satisfaction (COMFORTS) scale is a specific questionnaire that includes the most important factors associated with the relation between mother satisfaction and the childbirth experienceAim: to analyse factors influencing satisfaction in pregnant women during labour and its relationship with pain management. Design: A randomized and double-blind controlled trial was conducted. All participants completed the satisfaction scale immediately after childbirth. Methods: A total of 63 participants were randomly assigned to one Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) device to relieve the pain, with different dose in each patients group. This was measured with two scales; the satisfaction level was measured with the COMFORTS scale and pain was measured with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: the total satisfaction scale mean score was 171.03 (SD 19.69) with an individual item mean of 4.28. Women who expressed a low level of satisfaction had experienced severe pain. A lower degree of satisfaction was observed in women with severe pain (3.03 ± 1.1) than in women with moderate pain (4.53 ± 0.7). Women who have had more than one delivery presented the highest level of satisfaction, followed by nulliparous and those who have had a previous pregnancy. Conclusions: Overall, high level of satisfaction during labour was obtained; we recommend the use of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain relief to improve general satisfaction.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03137251.First registration: 02/05/2017Protocol: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03137251?term=baez+suarez&draw=2&rank=9
Comparison of Microleakage of Class V Composite Restorations in Primary Teeth prepared with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser and High Speed Diamond Bur associated with Three adhesive system
Authors: Pordel Edris , Sabeti Arghavan Kamali , Rezaei-Soufi Loghman , Roshanayi Gholamreza
Published: March 2022

Introduction
: Composite restorations have a high technical sensitivity and a high failure rate of them has been reported. The purposes of this study were to evaluate microleakage of cavity preparation in primary teeth made with an Er;Cr:YSGG and high-speed handpiece rotary, and also compare three types of bonding generations in class V composite resin restoration.
Methods
Ninety freshly extracted sound human primary posterior teeth were used in this study. The teeth were randomly divided into 6 groups with 15 teeth in each. The preparations were performed in groups 1, 2 and 3 with Er;Cr:YSGG laser, in groups 4 ,5 and 6 with a high-speed drill. Dye penetration associated with the occlusal and cervical margins of each restoration was then assessed by stereomicroscope at 40 magnifications. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a P < 0.05 level of significance.
Results
A higher degree of occlusal and gingival microleakage values was obtained for the group with bur preparation, compared to the group with laser preparation, and there were statistically significant differences in microleakage (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in microleakage of three types of bondings (P > 0.05). Overall, microleakage scores of gingival margins were significantly higher than those of occlusal margins (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
According to the results of this study, laser preparation of cavity in primary teeth by Er,Cr:YSGG, gives less microleakage of class V composite restorations compared to the conventional methods of bur preparation. There were no significant differences in microleakage of three types of bondings.
Comparative Transcriptomics Reveal Highly Conserved Regional Programs Between Porcine and Human Colonic Enteric Nervous System
Authors: Li Tao , Morselli Marco , Su Trent , Mulugeta Million , Larauche Muriel , Pellegrini Matteo , Taché Yvette , Yuan Pu-Qing
Published: March 2022

The porcine gut is increasingly regarded as a useful translational model. The enteric nerve system (ENS) in the colon coordinates diverse functions. However, knowledge of the molecular profiling of porcine ENS and its similarity to that of human is limited. We identified the distinct transcriptional programs associated with functional characteristics between inner submucosal and myenteric ganglia (ISG, MG) in porcine proximal and distal colon (p-pC, p-dC) using bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA-seq. Comparative transcriptomics of MG in corresponding colonic regions of porcine and human revealed highly conserved programs existing in p-pC and p-dC, which explained >90% of their transcriptomic responses to vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), suggesting that p-pC and p-dC could serve as predictors in translational studies. The conserved programs specific for inflammatory modulation were displayed in porcine with VNS. This study provides a valuable transcriptomic resource for understanding of human colonic functions and neuromodulation using porcine model.
Prioritizing the Selection of CMIP6 Model Ensemble Members for DownscalingProjections of CONUS Temperature and Precipitation
Authors: Longmate Julia M. , Risser Mark D. , Feldman Daniel R.
Published: March 2022

Given the mismatch between the large volume of data archived for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and limited personnel and computational resources, only a small fraction of the CMIP6 archive can be downscaled. In this work, we develop an approach to robustly sample projected hydroclimate states in CMIP6 for downscaling to test whether the selection of a single initial condition (IC) ensemble member from each CMIP6 model is sufficient to span the range of models over the conterminous United States (CONUS) and CONUS sub-regions. We calculate the pattern-centered root mean square difference of IC ensemble members relative to multi-model ensemble averages for shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) projections over 30-year time periods and compare the ratio of inter-model to intra-model variability for this metric. Regardless of SSP, inter-model variability is much greater than intra-model variability at both the scales of the CONUS as a whole and CONUS sub-regions, indicating that selecting a single IC ensemble member per model is sufficient to sample the range of projected hydroclimate states in the 21st Century. Regionally-resolved Taylor diagrams identify where more IC ensemble member downscaling efforts should be focused. Our results suggest that, with parsimonious sampling, the cost of downscaling temperature and precipitation fields over the CONUS for CMIP6 may have increased only marginally over previous CMIP activities in spite of greatly increased data volumes.
Detection and description of a novel Psychrobacter glacincola infection in some Red Sea marine fishes, Hurghada, Egypt
Authors: El-Sayed Mohamed Raafat , Emam Arafah M. , Osman Ahmed Elsayed , El-Galil Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Abd , Sayed Haitham Helmy
Published: March 2022

Background: Aquaculture is an important food-producing sector in Egypt, but several pathogenic microorganisms lead to high mortalities and significate economic losses, challenge this sector. The present study investigated the occurrence of Psychrobacter glacincola infection among 180 wild Snubnose emperor (Lethrinus borbonicus), Blackspot snapper (Lutjanus ehrenbergii), Marbled spinefoot (Siganus rivulatus), Haffara seabream (Rhabdosargus haffara), Blue-barred parrotfish (Scarus ghobban) and Broomtail wrasse (Cheilinus lunulatus) marine fishes collected from the Red sea at Hurghada, Egypt. The prevalence rate of disease was 6.7%. The recovered isolates were then subjected to bacteriological, biochemical, and molecular identification. The study also investigated pathogenicity and the antibiogram profile of the recovered isolates. Results: The clinical examination of the infected fish revealed various signs that included lethargy and sluggish movement, hemorrhages and ulcers on the body and the operculum, scale loss, fin congestion and rot, especially at the tail fin. In addition to, congestion of the liver, spleen, and kidney was observed during postmortem examination. Interestingly, 12 isolates were recovered and were homogenous bacteriologically and biochemically. Alongside the biochemical and bacteriological tests, the phylogenetic analysis based on 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene fragment confirmed that the MRB62 identified strain was closely related to members of the genus Psychrobacter and identified as P. glacincola. Furthermore, the recovered Ps. glacincola (MRB62) strain was pathogenic to Rhabdosargus haffara fish, causing 23.3% mortality combined with reporting a series of clinical signs similar to that found in naturally infected fishes. In addition, the recovered strain was sensitive to amikacin, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, chloramphenicol, tobramycin, and ofloxacin. Conclusions: Our findings add to the body of knowledge about the occurrence of pathogenic P. glacincola infection in Egyptian marine fishes and its potential effects on fish. The study also suggests future large-scale surveys for exploring this bacterium among other freshwater and marine fishes in Egypt that would be helpful for the implementation of effective strategies for prevention and control of this infection.
Common anti-cancer therapies induce somatic mutations in stem cells of healthy tissue
Authors: Kuijk Ewart , Kranenburg Onno , Cuppen Edwin , Hoeck Arne van
Published: March 2022

Comprehensive analyses of genome-wide mutation profiles has revealed that specific anti-cancer drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), are highly mutagenic to cancer cells and cultured cells. The systemic administration of these chemotherapies presents a potential genotoxic hazard to healthy tissues, however, the true mutational impact on normal cells of patients is not known. Here, we examined genome-wide somatic mutation patterns in healthy adult stem cells (ASCs) of the colon or the liver from 14 colorectal cancer patients that received first-line systemic chemotherapy and/or local radiotherapy. The platinum-based chemo-drug Oxaliplatin induced 500-1000 mutations in each colon ASC of all treated patients. The effects of 5-FU treatment were more variable between cells and patients, ranging from a complete absence of 5-FU mutagenesis to the accumulation of up to 500 mutations in individual colon ASCs. In contrast with the colon, normal ASCs from the liver escaped platinum and 5-FU mutagenesis after systemic treatment. Local radiation therapy resulted in the accumulation of 50-100 deletions between 5bp to 10kbp and structural rearrangements in colon ASCs. Thus, while 5-FU and platinum drugs are highly effective at killing cancer cells, their systemic use does also lead to a concomitant increase of the mutational burden in long-lived normal stem cells responsible for tissue renewal and thus pose a potential source for developing second cancers.
Habitat Quality Assessment, Optimization of Habitat Structure through Ecological Network Analysis and Graph Theory and Estimating Spatiotemprol Changes
Authors: Salehi Esmail , Sadat Mahdis , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Ehsani Amir Houshang
Published: March 2022

Context. Recently, the land use changes in Northern provinces of Iran have led to great damages to ecological systems and services provided by these areas. These changes effect on interconnectedness of green patches and habitats which enables animal movement and gene transfer.Objectives. This study aimed to provide a model for planning to increase habitat quality and to improve the structure and function and conservation of biodiversity by applying the principles of landscape ecology, graph theory, and ecological network. Methods. This study was performed on Phasianus colchicus in the part of north of Iran, where is the main habitat of this species. For this purpose, after extracting the ecological network of the highest quality habitats and the most important cores, corridors were determined to increase their function and structure. Finally, the habitats changes and corridors were anticipated in the future.Results. The results show that the foothill regions of studied where link Hyrcanian forests, farmlands, and tea farmlands are among the highest priorities for pheasant habitat in this region. However, the small number of bridges as corridors connecting habitats in this ecological network, the large number of main components and the extremely high percentage of isolated patches indicates the high disintegration of these habitats and therefore the poor condition of the habitat of this species.Conclusions. The methodology of this study can be used in different scale to identify potential corridors and manage them by taking long-term view and considering the continuation of the past trend.
Simulations of rate of genetic gain in dry bean breeding programs
Authors: Lin Jennifer , Arief Vivi , Jahufer Zulfi , Osorno Juan , McClean Phil , Jarquin Diego , Hoyos-Villegas Valerio
Published: March 2022

Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a nutrient dense legume that is consumed by developed and developing nations around the world. The progress to improve this crop has been quite steady. However, with the continued rise in global populations, there are demands to expedite genetic gains. Plant breeders have been at the forefront at increasing yields in the common bean. As breeding programs are both time consuming and resource intensive, resource allocation must be carefully considered. To assist plant breeders, computer simulations can provide useful information that may then be applied to the real world. This study evaluated multiple breeding scenarios in the common bean and involved five breeding strategies, three breeding frameworks, and four different parental population sizes. In addition, the breeding scenarios were implemented in three different traits: days to flowering, white mold tolerance, and seed yield. Results from the study reflect the complexity of breeding programs, with the optimal breeding scenario varying based on trait being selected. Relative genetic gains per cycle of up to 8.69% for seed yield could be obtained under the use of the optimal breeding scenario. Principal component analyses revealed similarity between strategies, where single seed descent and the modified pedigree method would often aggregate. As well, clusters in the direction of the Hamming distance eigenvector are a good indicator of poor performance in a strategy.
An Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma Patient Presented as Persistent Hypereosinophilia With a Novel RHOA Mutation Encoding p. Ala161Glu
Authors: Cao Lihong , Tong Hongyan , Liu Xing , Xu Yingqing , Wang Zhaoming , Yu Fang , Pan Qi , Lai Jin , Zheng Wenjun , Fan Cuihua , Fu Gongli , Wu Hao , Huang Jian , Yu Wenjuan , Jin Jie
Published: March 2022

Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) is a unique subtype of peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). Studies have shown that RHOA p. Gly17Val mutations contribute to the specific pathogenesis of AITL. Here we reported a case of AITL with a novel RHOA mutation encoding p. Ala161Glu. This case presented with persistent hypereosinophilia for more than 3 years prior to diagnosis. At the time of diagnosis, the patient manifested with B symptoms, multiple lymphadenopathies, liver and spleen involvement. A retrospective analysis of whole exome sequencing and digital PCR of previous pathological specimens at different periods showed that RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation and TP53 mutation occurred simultaneously. RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation was found to be less frequent or undetectable in early gastrointestinal tract and lymph nodes. In the intestine, lymph nodes and other involved tissues, it increased with the progression of the disease. Notably, it was significantly elevated at the time of diagnosis. We presumed that the RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation might be related to AITL pathogenesis. However, it needs further study to identify the specificity of RHOA p. Ala161Glu mutation in AITL.
Case Report: Alopecia Areata And Cannabis Use
Authors: AL-Lihabi Abeer
Published: March 2022

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease of the hair follicles that cause an unpredictable hair loss. The disease prevalence is estimated about 2% in general population though the lifetime. The disease is associated with various other concurrent disorders such as depression, thyroid diseases, and anxiety. Cannabis receptors especially (CB2Rs) are found on immune cells, including lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, natural killer cells, peripheral mononuclear cells, and microglia. In this Case, a 15 year-old girl had Alopecia Universalis and multiple psychiatric diagnoses. She was self-medicated for her symptoms by using Cannabis and as coincident her hair stated to grow back. In this case, I would like to grab attention for cannabis as a possible cure with eliminating its side effect
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD
for its 5’-genomic RNA elements
Authors: Korn Sophie , Dhamotharan Karthikeyan , Schlundt Andreas
Published: March 2022

The nucleocapsid protein (N) of SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role during the viral life cycle. It is involved in RNA transcription and accounts for packaging of the large genome into virus particles. N manages the enigmatic balance of bulk RNA-coating versus precise RNA-binding to designated cis-regulatory elements. Numerous studies report the involvement of its disordered segments in non-selective RNA-recognition, but how N organizes the inevitable recognition of specific motifs remains unanswered. We here use NMR spectroscopy to systematically analyze the interactions of N’s N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) with individual cis RNA elements clustering in the SARS-CoV-2 regulatory 5’-genomic end. Supported by broad solution-based biophysical data, we unravel the NTD RNA-binding preferences in the natural genome context. We show that the domain uses a set of flexible sensory residues to read the intrinsic signature of preferred RNA elements for selective and stable complex formation within the large pool of available motifs.
Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Diabetic Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk: an Expert-based Multidisciplinary Delphi Consensus
Authors: Mario Carlo , Genovese Stefano , Lanza Gaetano Antonio , Mannucci Edoardo , Marenzi Giancarlo , Sciatti Edoardo , Pitocco Dario
Published: March 2022

Background. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) shows in more detail the glycaemic pattern of diabetic subjects and provides several new parameters (“glucometrics”) to assess patients’ glycaemia and consensually guide treatment. A better control of glucose levels might result in improvement of clinical outcome and reduce disease complications. This study aimed to gather an expert consensus on the clinical and prognostic use of CGM in diabetic patients at high cardiovascular risk or with heart disease.Methods. A list of 22 statements concerning type of patients who can benefit from CGM, prognostic impact of CGM in diabetic patients with heart disease, CGM use during acute cardiovascular events and educational issues of CGM were developed. Using a two-round Delphi methodology, the survey was distributed online to 42 Italian experts (21 diabetologists and 21 cardiologists) who rated their level of agreement with each statement on a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus was predefined as more than 66% of the panel agreeing/disagreeing with any given statement.Results. Forty experts (95%) answered the survey. Every statement achieved a positive consensus. In particular, the panel expressed the feeling that CGM can be prognostically relevant for every diabetic patient (70%) and that is clinically useful also in the management of those with type 2 diabetes not treated with insulin (87.5%). The assessment of time in range (TIR), glycaemic variability (GV) and hypoglycaemic/hyperglycaemic episodes were considered relevant in the management of diabetic patients with heart disease (92.5% for TIR, 95% for GV, 97.5% for time spent in hypoglycaemia) and can improve the prognosis of those with ischaemic heart disease (100% for hypoglycaemia, 90% for hyperglycaemia) or with heart failure (87.5% for hypoglycaemia, 85% for TIR, 87.5% for GV). The experts retained that CGM can be used and can impact the short- and long-term prognosis during an acute cardiovascular event. Lastly, CGM has a recognized educational role for diabetic subjects.Conclusions. According to this Delphi consensus, the clinical and prognostic use of CGM in diabetic patients at high cardiovascular risk is promising and deserves dedicated studies to confirm the experts’ feelings.
Preparation of titanium alloy outer ring self-lubricating spherical plain bearing by two-step extrusion forming process
Authors: zhao song , Yang Xiao , Liu Changxin , Ezzaid Abderrahim , Fan Bingli , Sun Annan , Wang Heng , Qi Xiaowen
Published: March 2022

Self-lubricating spherical plain bearing is a key component widely used in aerospace field. The spherical plain bearing made of titanium alloy has lighter weight and better corrosion resistance. In order to manufacture the outer ring of self-lubricating spherical plain bearing with titanium alloy, a two-step extrusion forming process was proposed. Taking GE15DE1TK spherical plain bearing as an example, the finite element simulation model of the forming process was established, the forming test was carried out, and the outer ring of self-lubricating spherical plain bearing made by TC4 titanium alloy was successfully prepared. The results show that the forming defects such as over extrusion and insufficient extrusion can be improved by optimizing the die structure, the size of outer ring blank and the lubrication conditions. The forming parameters for GE15DE1TK spherical plain bearing are given. The prepared spherical plain bearing can be used directly without other processes to correct no load rotational breakaway torque.
The impact of severe plastic deformations obtained by hydrostatic extrusion on the machinability of ultrafine-grained Ti grade 2 intended for fasteners.
Authors: Skiba Jacek , Kulczyk Mariusz , Przybysz-Gloc Sylwia , Skorupska Monika , Niczyporuk Krzysztof
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to examine the effect of severe plastic deformation (SPD) using the hydrostatic extrusion (HE) method on the machinability of grade 2 titanium in the turning process.
An analysis of the deformation process was carried out involving a two-stage process of cold hydrostatic extrusion with cumulative true strain ɛ = 2.28. After the deformation, the Ti grade 2 microstructure was strongly defected and significantly refined, resulting in a clear increase in the mechanical properties, UTS strength by 190%, YS yield strength by 230%, and hardness by 50%. The average grain size was 100 nm.
Ti grade 2 in the initial state and after HE hydrostatic extrusion process was subjected to machining by turning analysis. Component cutting forces were analyzed at cutting depths a p = 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, the variables were cutting speed V c and feed rate f . The cutting speeds for the materials in the initial state and after the HE process were 20, 30, and 50 m/min, and the feed rates were 0.08 and 0.13 m/s.
Application tests of screws made of Ti grade 2 after HE were also carried out. The tests included the analysis of the surface roughness and the verification of the dimensional tolerance of the pitch diameter d2 required by standards for commercial screws.
Photothermal Bleaching of Nickel Dithiolene for Bright
Multi-colored 3D Printed Parts
Authors: Olubummo Adekunle , Zhao Lihua , Hartman Aja , Howard Tom , Zhao Yan , Wycoff Kyle
Published: March 2022

HP’s Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) 3D printing technology utilizes a carbon-based radiation absorber called the “fusing agent” in combination with a near infrared (NIR) light source to facilitate the fusion of polymer powder in a layer-by-layer fashion to generate 3D parts. Most available carbon-based and NIR radiation absorbers have an intrinsic dark color, which as a result will only produce black/gray and dark colored parts. To create white and bright colored parts with MJF, a visibly transparent and colorless radiation absorber is required. In this paper, we designed an activating fusing agent (AFA) that contains a red, strong NIR absorbing dye that can become colorless after harvesting irradiation energy during the MJF 3D printing process. Such a method will not only enable MJF 3D printing of white objects with good performance, but also provide a bright colored part when working with other color agents.
The predictive value of Pressure Recording Analytical Method for the duration of mechanical ventilation in children undergoing cardiac surgery with an XGboost based machine learning model
Authors: Zhang Hui , Li Mingwei , Wang Shuangxing , Chen Danlei , Zhang Hongtao , Wu Yongjie , Qu Xinpeng , Meng Bing
Published: March 2022

Background：Prolonged mechanical ventilation in children undergoing cardiac surgery is related to the decrease of cardiac output during the postoperative intense care time, which often induced serious complications. Pressure Recording Analytical Method (PRAM) is a minimally invasive system for continuous hemodynamic monitoring, which can timely record the presence of lower cardiac function. This study is aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the several hemodynamic parameters for the duration of mechanical ventilation (DMV).Methods：This retrospective study included 60 children under 1-year-old who underwent cardiac surgery between 2017 and 2021. CI, CCE and dp/dt max derived from PRAM was documented in each patient 0, 4, 8 and 12 hours (T0, T1,T2, T3 and T4 respectively) after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). A linear mixed model were used to deal with the repeated measurement on hemodynamic data. Correlation analysis and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to show the predictive value. XGBoost machine learning-based mode which produces a decision tree-heat map was used to find the key characteristics of the data in predicting the outcome. Results：There were 35(58%) children in DMV≤24 h group and 25(42%) were in DMV>24h. Prolonged DMV caused longer ICU stays and postoperative hospital stays. Linear mixed model revealed significant time and group effect in CI and dp/dt max. Prolonged DMV also have negative correlations with age, weight, CI at T2 and dp/dt max at T2. dp/dt max outweighing CI were the strongest predictors of prolonged DMV(AUC of ROC: 0.978 vs 0.811, respectively, p<0.01). The XGboost based learning machine model (Balance Accuracy=0.92, AUC of ROC=0.856) suggested that dp/dt max at T2 ≤1.049 or >1.049 in combination with CI at T0 ≤2 or > 2 can predict prolonged DMV.Conclusions：Hemodynamic monitoring in infants with PRAM after the cardiac surgery shows that the cardiac function can predict the prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation. CI measured by PRAM immediately after ICU admission and dp/dt max that 8h later are 2 key factors in predicting prolonged DMV with the application of XGboost based machine learning model.
Preliminary Study for the Application of Raman Spectroscopy for the Identification of Leishmania Infected Dogs
Authors: Acri Giuseppe , Falcone Annastella , Giannetto Claudia , Giudice Elisabetta , Piccione Giuseppe , Testagrossa Barbara , Cicero Luca , Cassata Giovanni , Pietro Simona Di
Published: March 2022

Raman spectroscopy is a rapid qualitative and quantitative technique that allows the simultaneous determination of several components in biological fluids. This methodology concerns an alternative technique to distinguish between non-healthy and healthy subjects. Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis of world interest, the most important agent is L. infantum. Dogs are the principal reservoirs affected by a broad spectrum of clinical features. During a clinical exam, blood samples were collected in tubes without anticoagulants, from twentytwo dogs. One aliquot was used for serological test for Leishmaniasis, one aliquot was subjected to the Raman spectroscopic analysis. Animals were divided into two equal groups, Leishmania group (LG) constituted by infected dogs, and control group (CG) constituted by healthy dogs. The acquired spectra were different in the region 1200–1370 cm− 1, in which it is possible to distinguish the amide III vibration (~ 1300 cm− 1). In LG, an evident shift to the shortwave region is observed in spectral frequencies of the band centered at ~ 1250 cm− 1. Our results distinguished between LD group and CG. Further studies are necessary to exclude the effect of metabolic modification due to disease on the recorded spectra changes and to consolidate the achievability of Raman spectroscopy as rapid and less expensive diagnosis of Leishmaniasis.
Characterization of genetic variation of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) verdc.] under different environmental conditions for yields and yield component performances
Authors: ESAN Vincent Ishola , OKE Grace Oluwasikemi , OGUNBODE Timothy Oyebamiji
Published: March 2022

Bambara groundnut has significant roles to play in terms of food security even though researchers have paid very little attention to the crop in the past. The aim of this study was to investigate the high yielding accessions in three environments. A total of 34 morphological, phenological and agronomic traits were measured and analyzed statistically with R software. There were significant differences in all the traits except for plant height, initial plant stand, panicle length per stem, and petiole length. Across the three environments, TVSU-455 gave the highest values for total number of pods (42.67 ± 13.37), final plant stand (7.67 ± 1.58), fresh seed weight of (45.83 ± 14.82), number of seed per plants of (46.62 ± 14.89), hundred seed weight with a value of (124.56 ± 18.99), dry seed weight (27.14 ± 8.91), fresh pod weight, a value of (92.65 ± 30.96), harvest index of (0.57 ± 0.25), yield per plot (45.83 ± 14.82) and unshelled yield per plot (550.26 ± 117.89). TVSU-455 was the only accessions in cluster I of the dendogram based on its superiority over other accessions. The clustering analysis produced a dendogram categorizing the 15 accessions into 4 groups based on the morphological, phenological and agronomic traits. There were significant differences among the correlations of the 34 traits. The first two principle components explained 56.16% of the total variation with each dimension accounting for 39.85% and 16. 31% variation, respectively. TVSU-455 can be used in breeding programs to improve Bambara groundnut.
Constructing Novel ceRNA Networks on MiR-616-3p Reveals LncRNAs as Potential Colorectal Cancer Prognostic Biomarkers
Authors: Abdolvand Mohammad , Chermahini Zahra Mohammadi , Heidari Ehsan , Emami Mohammad hassan , Fahim Alireza , Rahimi Hojjatolah , Amjadi Elham , Maghool Fatemeh , Rohani Fattah , Abdolvand Shirin , Darehsari Maliheh Roozbahani , Chehelgerdi Mohammad , Hemati Simin , Salehi Mansoor
Published: March 2022

Background. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to sponge microRNAs (miRNAs) lead to the advancement of cancer. In this work, we attempted to identify possible long noncoding RNA biomarkers as well as a new regulatory axis in colorectal cancer. This investigation was carried out in consideration of the critical oncogenic function played by miR-616-3p in many malignancies, as well as its regulatory involvement in several signaling pathways.Material and Methods: Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were identified from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Targeted mRNAs were recognized by the Targetscan database. ciBioPortal database and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis also were applied to identify mRNAs. CeRNA networks constructed via Cytoscape 3.7.1. QRT-PCR was utilized to verify these RNA molecules' expression levels in 30 CRC tissues compared to 30 adjacent tissue samples. Results: Three lncRNAs and three mRNAs were discovered to have the greatest interaction with miR-616-3p. QRT-PCR revealed overexpression of (Linc01282, lnc-MYADM-1:1, ZNF347, XIAP) and downregulation of (Lnc-atp12a-1:1, SIK1 and miR-616-3p). In CRC, bioinformatic research revealed many unique ceRNA networks centered on miR-616-3p that were previously unknown.Conclusion: This work reveals novel, previously unreported lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for CRC, as well as potential mRNAs as new therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers for CRC. Furthermore, our analysis identified novel ceRNA networks that need be investigated further in CRC.
Antibacterial CM-11 Peptide Potency against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacterial Membrane Models: A Molecular Dynamics Simulations Study
Authors: Mirnejad Reza , Fasihi-Ramandi Mahdi , Behmard Esmaeil , Najafi Ali , Moghaddam Mehrdad Moosazadeh
Published: March 2022

In the present study, a series of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations were applied to shed light on the molecular mechanism of the activity of CM11, a short cecropin–melittin hybrid peptide obtained through a sequence combination approach, against gram-positive (GP) and gram-negative (GN) bacterial membrane models. In addition, the peptide adsorption mechanism on the surface of the membrane models, the thermodynamic and structural contribution of each residue in the antibacterial activity of the peptide against both GP and GN bacterial membranes were investigated. Our findings showed that the peptide was strongly bound to the GP membrane type in comparison with the GN membrane and was stabilized quickly. These strong bonds are caused by the interactions between basic residues and POPG molecules, which have higher concentrations in GP than GN membranes. Calculation of binding free energies revealed that both electrostatic and van der Waals energy components were desired for the peptide binding and insertion in the membrane. Electrostatic interactions were the main driving force in the adsorption and surface localization of the peptide. Determining the contribution of each residue to the binding free energy indicated that W1, K2, K5, K6 and K9 residues played an important role in the activity of the peptide. These results can be used as a roadmap to provide in-depth insights into the design of appropriate peptides in the fight against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Effects of Bioelectricity Generation Processes on Methane Emission and Bacterial Community in Wetland and Carbon Fate Analysis
Authors: Liu Shentan , Xue Hongpu , Wang Yue , Wang Zuo , Feng Xiaojuan
Published: March 2022

Wetlands are an important carbon sink for greenhouse gases (GHGs), and embedding microbial fuel cell (MFC) into constructed wetland (CW) has become a new technology to control methane emission. Rhizosphere anode CW-MFC was constructed by selecting rhizome-type wetland plants with strong hypoxia tolerance, which could provide photosynthetic organics as alternative fuel. Compared with non-planted system, methane emission flux and power output from the planted CW-MFC increased by approximately 0.48 ± 0.021mg/(m2·h) and 1.07 W/m3, respectively. The methane emission flux of the CW-MFC operated under open-circuit condition was approximately 0.46 ± 0.024 mg/(m2·h) higher than that under closed-circuit condition. The results indicated that plants contributed to the methane emission from the CW-MFC, especially under open-circuit mode conditions. The methane emission from the CW-MFC was proportional to external resistance, and it increased by 0.669 + 0.012 mg/(m2·h) when the external resistance was adjusted from 100 Ω to 1000 Ω. High throughput sequencing further showed that there was a competitive relationship between electrogenic bacteria and methanogens in the system. The flora abundance of electricity producing bacteria was high, while methanogens mainly consisted of Methanothrix, Methanobacterium and Methanolinea. The form and content of element C were analysed from solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase. It was found that a large amount of carbon was consumed in each phase by microbial migration and conversion, the relative proportions of liquid phase, solid phase and gas phase accounted for 40.28%, 36.2% and 20.1% respectively. In conclusion, caron transformation in the CW-MFC could be properly regulated via competition of microorganisms driven by environmental factors, which provides a new direction and idea for the control of methane emission from wetland.
Adaptive Information Bottleneck Guided Joint Source-Channel Coding
Authors: Sun Lunan , Guo Caili , Yang Yang
Published: March 2022

Joint source channel coding (JSCC) has attracted increasing attentions due to its robustness and high efficiency. However, the existing research on JSCC mainly focuses on minimizing the distortion between the transmitted and received information under the constraint of the required data rate. Therefore, the transmitted bits may be far more than the minimal threshold according to the rate-distortion (RD) theory even though the transmitted information is well recovered. In this paper, we propose an adaptive Information Bottleneck (IB) guided JSCC (AIB-JSCC), which aims at achieving the theoretically maximal compression ratio for a given reconstruction quality. In particular, we first derive a mathematically tractable form of loss function for AIB-JSCC. To trade off compression and reconstruction quality, we further propose an adaptive algorithm that adjusts the hyperparameter of the proposed loss function dynamically according to the distortion during the training. Experimental results show that AIB-JSCC can significantly reduce the required amount of the transmitted data and improve the reconstruction quality and downstream artificial-intelligent task performance.
Ya'an Tibetan Tea Exerts Anti-tumor and Chemotherapy Sensitizing Effect against Human HepG2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: He Lang , Yang Yu , Deng Siwei , Yu Guoqi , Gong Yuping , Yuan Pei , Cao Shujuan , Zhu Haiyang , Hao Junli , Wang Dan
Published: March 2022

Chinese dark tea is post-fermented tea possessing various biological. Ya'an Tibetan tea, which is unique to China, is one of those dark tea. The purpose of this study was to observe the antiproliferative activity and chemotherapy sensitizing effect of Ya'an Tibetan tea water extract against human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2, so as to preliminarily explore the molecular mechanism of its anti-tumor effect. HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of Tibetan tea water extract and Tea-paclitaxel combination. The cytotoxicity was measured. The apoptotic features were detected by Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, flow cytometry and caspase activity assay kit of Caspase-3/8/9. Crystal violet staining method was adopted to observe the colony formation capacity of different treatment groups. The results revealed that Ya'an Tibetan tea water extract inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, it also enhanced the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel on HepG2 cells, while had no cytotoxic effect on human liver cells LO2. HepG2 cells exhibited obvious morphological changes of apoptosis after treatments. The enzyme activity of Caspase-3/8/9 in HepG2 cells were increased. Furthermore, compared with treatment alone, Tibetan tea in combination with paclitaxel significantly induced the cell apoptosis (P < 0.05) and inhibited the colony formation capacity of HepG2 cells (P < 0.05). This study provides an experimental basis for the further development and clinical application of Ya'an Tibetan. However, its anti-cancer potential needs further study.