bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Soil Salt and Ion Contents Based on Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data: A Case Study of Baidunzi Basin, China
Authors: Wang Libing , Zhang Bo , Shen Qian , Yao Yue , Zhang Shengyin , Wei Huaidong , Yao Rongpeng , Zhang Yaowen
Published: February 2021

Soil salinity due to irrigation diversion affects regional agriculture, and the development of soil composition estimation models for the dynamic monitoring of regional salinity is important for salinity control. In this study, we evaluated the performance of hyperspectral data measured using an analytical spectral device (ASD) field spec standard-res hand-held spectrometer and satellite sensor visible shortwave infrared advanced hyperspectral imager (AHSI) in estimating the soil salt content (SSC). First derivative analysis (FDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to the data using the raw spectra (RS) to select the best model input data. We tested the ability of these three groups of data as input data for partial least squares regression (PLSR), principal component regression (PCR), and multiple linear regression (MLR). Finally, an estimation model of the SSC, Na+, Cl−, and SO42− contents was established using the best input data and modeling method, and a spatial distribution map of the soil composition content was drawn. The results show that the soil spectra obtained from the satellite hyperspectral data (AHSI) and laboratory spectral data (ASD) were consistent when the SSC was low, and as the SSC increased, the spectral curves of the ASD data showed little change in the curve characteristics, while the AHSI data showed more pronounced features, and this change was manifested in the AHSI images as darker pixels with a lower SSC and brighter pixels with a higher SSC. The AHSI data demonstrated a strong response to the change in SSC; therefore, the AHSI data had a greater advantage compared with the ASD data in estimating the soil salt content. In the modeling process, RS performed the best in estimating the SSC and Na+ content, with the R2 reaching 0.79 and 0.58, respectively, and obtaining low root mean squared error (RMSE) values. FDA and PCA performed the best in estimating Cl− and SO42−, while MLR outperformed PLSR and PCR in estimating the content of the soil components in the region. In addition, the hyperspectral camera data used in this study were very cost-effective and can potentially be used for the evaluation of soil salinization with a wide range and high accuracy, thus reducing the errors associated with the collection of individual samples using hand-held hyperspectral instruments.
La déréalisation pharmacogénique en tant qu’EMC paradigmatique
Authors: González Juan C.
Published: February 2021

Pharmacogenic Derealization as a Paradigmatic ASC. Although the concept of altered state of consciousness (ASC) is problematic regarding its definition, scope and limits, there is no doubt that ASCs exist. As a concrete example of this I here bring about the case of drug-induced derealization. I first describe, mainly in a phenomenological perspective, the effects that certain so-called hallucinogenic substances have on the human psyche. I specifically focus on the effect of derealization, which we can define as the feeling that the external world is unreal, distant, strange or devoid of sense. Then I approach both the phenomenology and the epistemology of perception through the analysis of the relationship between the content of sensory experience and its conceptualization. This should allow us to understand derealization in terms of a deficient or inadequate relation holding between the experience of the world and its conceptualization, as the latter renders meaningful the former. Lastly, I will sketch a theory of Kantian and enactivist inspiration in an effort to explain how we acquire and maintain the feeling that the external world is real (this is to say, our sense of reality), and how we may lose it. More generally, in this article I endeavor to show that mental phenomena produced by the ingestion of psychedelic substances are an optimal way to study ASC in a rigorous and prolific manner, whether scientifically or philosophically.
La kinéflexion : produire, exhiber, partager des actes vivants de pensée
Authors: Lapaire Jean-Rémi
Published: February 2021

Tout énonciateur qui s’engage dans un processus de réflexion ou de narration orales produit des gestes d’idéation et d’argumentation (McNeill, 1992 ; 2005 ; Calbris, 2011). Ce faisant, il ou elle accomplit des actes corporels de conceptualisation. Les idées formulées ne sont donc pas seulement « exprimées » mais jouées (mises en acte) sur la scène sociale (Lapaire, 2014a). Concepts et raisonnements « prennent forme » (Arnheim, 1969) au travers de mouvements calibrés et coordonnés. Le regard, les mains, le corps tout entier, participent ainsi à la réalisation d’ « actions conceptuelles » (Streeck, 2009). La fabrication et l’exhibition physiques de significations abstraites confèrent un haut degré de «palpabilité » (Talmy, 2000) à des processus mentaux qui resteraient sinon intangibles. Le terme de kinéflexion (ou kiné-pensée) que nous proposons renvoie à tout processus d’union du mouvement corporel et de la réflexion, ancré dans le langage mais dépassant ce dernier. L’hypothèse avancée ici est que les mécanismes de la kinéflexion, une fois nommés et montés en conscience, sont exploitables en situation d’enseignement-apprentissage. Des stratégies peuvent être conçues qui reposent sur une coordination étroite d’actions physiques et d’actions mentales ou symboliques (Goldin-Meadow, 2003 ; Kendon, 2004). Des actes «vivants » de réflexion (Jousse, 1974), «orchestrés et chorégraphiés par le corps humain » (Asher, 1972) méritent d’être encouragés. Une pédagogie kinéflexive doit être en phase avec la cognition ordinaire, puisque «la mise en acte corporelle de concepts et de connaissances » (Lindgren & Jonson-Glenberg, 2013) est inscrite dans l’être humain et le fonctionnement de son langage. Cependant, la mise au point de stratégies incarnées et énactées de compréhension, sollicitant volontairement des «formes chorégraphiées de la pensée » (Forsythe, 2013) n’est pas sans présenter de défis, ainsi qu’en attestent un ensemble de micro-expérimentations en pédagogie universitaire, dans des domaines aussi diversifiés que la biologie cellulaire et l’astrophysique (Rollinde, 2015a), la médecine (Roze, 2016), la grammaire, la pragmatique et la morphologie (Lapaire & Masse, 2006 ; Lapaire 2016 ; 2018).
Competing Frames in Global Health Governance: An Analysis of Stakeholder Influence on the Political Declaration on Non-communicable Diseases
Authors: Suzuki Mao , Webb Douglas , Small Roy
Published: February 2021

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are increasingly recognized as a significant threat to health and development globally, and United Nations (UN) Member States adopted the Political Declaration of the Third High-level Meeting (HLM) on the prevention and control of NCDs in 2018. The negotiation process for the Declaration included consultations with Member States, intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), and non-state actors such as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the private sector. With NCD responses facing charges of inadequacy, it is important to scrutinize the governance process behind relevant high-level global decisions and commitments. Methods: Through a review of 159 documents submitted by stakeholders during the negotiation process, we outline a typology of policy positions advocated by various stakeholders in the development of the Declaration. We document changes in text from the draft to the final version of the Declaration to analyse the extent to which various positions and their proponents were influential. Results: NGOs and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) generally pursued ‘stricter’ governance of NCD risk factors including stronger regulation of unhealthy products and improved management of conflicts of interest that arise when health-harming industries are involved in health policy-making. The private sector and high-income countries generally opposed greater restrictions on commercial factors. The pattern of changes between the draft and final Declaration indicate that advocated positions tended to be included in the Declaration if there was no clear opponent, whereas opposed positions were either not included or included with ambiguous language. Conclusion: Many cost-effective policy options to address NCDs, such as taxation of health-harming products, were opposed by high-income countries and the private sector and not well-represented in the Declaration. To ensure robust political commitments and action on NCDs, multi-stakeholder governance for NCDs must consider imbalances in power and influence amongst constituents as well as biases and conflicts in positioning.
Enhancing the Understanding of Resilience in Health Systems of Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Grimm Pauline Yongeun , Oliver Sandy , Merten Sonja , Han Wai Wai , Wyss Kaspar
Published: February 2021

Background: A country’s health system faces pressure when hit by an unexpected shock, such as what we observe in the midst of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The concept of resilience is highly relevant in this context and is a prerequisite for a health system capable of withstanding future shocks. By exploring how the key dimensions of the resilient health system framework are applied, the present systematic review synthesizes the vital features of resilient health systems in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this review is to ascertain the relevance of health system resilience in the context of a major shock, through better understanding its dimensions, uses and implications. Methods: The review uses the best-fit framework synthesis approach. An a priori conceptual framework was selected and a coding framework created. A systematic search identified 4284 unique citations from electronic databases and reports by non-governmental organisations, 12 of which met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and coded against the pre-existing themes. Themes outside of the a priori framework were collated to form a refined list of themes. Then, all twelve studies were revisited using the new list of themes in the context of each study. Results: Ten themes were generated from the analysis. Five confirmed the a priori conceptual framework that capture the dynamic attributes of a resilient system. Five new themes were identified as foundational for achieving resilience: realigned relationships, foresight and motivation as drivers, and emergency preparedness and change management as organisational mechanisms. Conclusion: The refined conceptual model shows how the themes inter-connect. The foundations of resilience appear to be critical especially in resource-constrained settings to unlock the dynamic attributes of resilience. This review prompts countries to consider building the foundations of resilience described here as a priority to better prepare for future shocks.
The Use of Intersectional Analysis in Assessing Women’s Leadership Progress in the Health Workforce in LMICs: A Review
Authors: Zeinali Zahra , Muraya Kui , Molyneux Sassy , Morgan Rosemary
Published: February 2021

Background: Human resources are at the heart of health systems, playing a central role in their functionality globally. It is estimated that up to 70% of the health workforce are women, however, this pattern is not reflected in the leadership of health systems where women are under-represented. Methods: This systematized review explored the existing literature around women’s progress towards leadership in the health sector in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) which has used intersectional analysis. Results: While there are studies that have looked at the inequities and barriers women face in progressing towards leadership positions in health systems within LMICs, none explicitly used an intersectionality framework in their approach. These studies did nevertheless show recurring barriers to health systems leadership created at the intersection of gender and social identities such as professional cadre, race/ethnicity, financial status, and culture. These barriers limit women’s access to resources that improve career development, including mentorship and sponsorship opportunities, reduce value, recognition and respect at work for women, and increase the likelihood of women to take on dual burdens of professional work and childcare and domestic work, and, create biased views about effectiveness of men and women’s leadership styles. An intersectional lens helps to better understand how gender intersects with other social identities which results in upholding these persisting barriers to career progression and leadership. Conclusion: As efforts to reduce gender inequity in health systems are gaining momentum, it is important to look beyond gender and take into account other intersecting social identities that create unique positionalities of privilege and/or disadvantage. This approach should be adopted across a diverse range of health systems programs and policies in an effort to strengthen gender equity in health and specifically human resources for health (HRH), and improve health system governance, functioning and outcomes.
Idle Vehicle Detection and Traffic Symbol Analysis using Artificial Intelligence and IoT
Authors: K Arun Kumar , D Ashwin , M Surendar , N Manju Parkavi , P Banumathi , T.K.P. Rajagopal
Published: February 2021

The emerging development in smart vehicles has improved transportation seamlessly. This paper deals with incorporating the modern technologies like Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things(IoT) with the traditional transportation system. It states how AI algorithms can be integrated with IoT powered vehicles to manage and avoid crashing with idle vehicles on a speedway and assists for safer driving using the traffic symbol analysis to reduce accidents. Several communication standards for data transmission between the vehicle and control system has been stated. It also provides additional features like emergency or assistance for vehicles in speedway. It uses complex learning and analysis algorithms to improve the efficiency of driving and reduce rear-end collisions. This paper hence gives a comprehensive survey of the enabling technologies, protocols, and architecture for IoT powered transport.
Enhanced Security for ATM Machine with OTP and Facial Recognition Features
Authors: B Manikandan , R Kishore , K Saran Kumar , S Suriya , K V Vivek
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this paper is to reinforce security of the conventional ATM model. We have developed a new concept that enhances the overall experience, usability and convenience of the transaction at the ATM. Features like face recognition and One-Time Password (OTP) are used for the enhancement of security of accounts and privacy of users. Face recognition technology helps the machine to identify each and every user uniquely thus making face as a key. This completely eliminates the chances of fraud due to theft and duplicity of the ATM cards.
Implementation of Smart Vehicle Parking System
Authors: S Hebziba Jeba Rani , P Soundarya , D Susmitha
Published: February 2021

In today’s era one of the most common problems which the world is facing is an exponential increase in population. This has indirectly increased a lot of other issues; one of them being the quantity of vehicles on the road. The increased number of vehicles results in shortage of parking areas. This project aims to present an intelligent parking system for vehicles that identifies the parking slot automatically through sensors and displays it without making the drivers to circle around the parking area. The availability of parking slots will be displayed to the drivers at the  entrance.  It also captures the number plate of vehicles by using camera and recognises the number using image processing and stores it in the server at the entrance and also at the exit of parking area for ease of payment purposes. All the information’s will be simultaneously updated in the IoT server and can be used for future use. It is found that the system decreases the manual work and provides high efficiency and high accuracy.
Intelligent System for Accurate Prediction and Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: K Anusha Nambirajam , T Siva Subramanian , R Priyadharshini
Published: February 2021

Image processing is a process of converting an image into digital form and achieve some maneuvers on it, in order to get an enhanced image or to mine some useful information from it. It is a type of signal dispensation in which the input is an image, like video frame or photograph and output, may be image along with its characteristics and features associated with that image. An image is defined as a two-dimensional function F(x,y), where x and y are spatial coordinates, and the amplitude of F at any pair of coordinates (x,y) is called the intensity of that image at that point. When x, y, and amplitude values of F are finite, we call it a digital image. Image processing mainly consists of three basic steps. They are as follows: Initially, the image will be imported by using an optical scanner or by high-digital photography. Then the captured image will be subjected to the analyzation and manipulation process. These process also includes compression of data, enhancement of the image and spotting the patterns that are not visible to human eyes like satellite photography. Finally, the output will be obtained as an alternative image or any other essential feature extraction of the pre-processed image. Image Processing consists of two major types. They are  Analog Image Processing and Digital Image Processing. Digital Image Processing is a process in which a digital system is developed for processing a digital image and extracting feature form of results. Digital Image Processing works on the basis of an algorithm. An Intelligent System for Accurate Detection and Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease mainly uses the k-nearest neighbor algorithm. Alzheimer’s  Disease is a type of disease in which the brain cells tend to die away and cause memory loss. In our proposed model we predict the accuracy of the amount of memory loss occurred in an affected brain. This system is mainly developed for helping the doctors and psychologists to obtain a maximum level of accuracy of the patient’s affected brain.
Coordination Control of Microgrid using Sliding Mode Controller
Authors: T Geetha , S Chitra
Published: February 2021

Traditional power generation and consumption are undergoing major transformation. One of the tendencies is to integrate microgrid into the distribution network with high penetration of renewable energy resources. A synchronous generator and a PV farm supply power to the system’s AC and DC sides, respectively. A DC/DC boost converter with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function is implemented to maximize the energy generation from the PV farm. In the existing system a model predictive power and voltage control (MPPVC) method is developed for the AC/DC interlinking converter this has a drawback in smooth grid synchronization. But in the proposed system a sliding mode controller is used to link the AC bus with the DC bus while regulating the system voltage and frequency and it ensures smooth power transfer between the DC and AC sub grids. Meanwhile, smooth grid synchronization and connection can be achieved. Proposed constant frequency sliding mode control retains the advantages of good dynamic response as in hysteresis control, better reference tracking switching frequency and less sensitivity to parameter variations and non liner loads.  From the Simulation results it is verified that the proposed topology is coordinated for power management in both AC and DC sides under critical loads with high efficiency, reliability, and robustness under both grid-connected and islanding modes.
Design and Fabrication of Semi-Automatic Sole Cleaner
Authors: P Ramesh , M Anish , J Bala Sundar , A Deepak Raj
Published: February 2021

In recent years’ people especially students most probably clean their shoes manually using brush, which somehow takes a long time to get clean. It is even hard for them to clean it by their own especially for primary students because it requires a lot of energy, which is out of their physical ability. Therefore, with the new shoe cleaner machine, this will be definitely benefited on the user’s desire. With the small machine, which is can be perfectly fitted with the size of the shoes and it can be useful enough as the important role is to clean the shoes. The shoes can be cleaned in much less time with no effort. An attempt has been made to design and fabricate a sole-cleaning machine to make the shoe cleaning process simpler. This work focuses on automation of the shoe cleaning process without any human involvement in the process. As all the employees, faculty, Students etc., are required to wear clean shoes before entering their work place, School, College laboratories etc., The shoe sole cleaner is designed, considering all the parameters with respect to customer need in terms of portability and economically available to them. Thus, not only providing clean environment but also the style quotient to the person with polishing effect.
Smart Metering System with Google Assistant
Authors: Jaison Ann Maria , P Julian Benadit , Kukatlapalli Pradeep kumar
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a unique research problem in the area of automation system by using IoT. The mentioned approach utilizes Google assistant, which is incorporated within Google home which uses voice-controlled inputs and voice feedbacks. This paper discusses a new method to develop a smart energy meter at a distributor level and to make use of this technology to monitor the power consumption of each device individually which can help the user to monitor the electricity usage in real time and thus helps to save electricity and reduce cost on your electricity bill.
A Review on Flood Prediction Algorithms and A Deep Neural Network Model for Estimation of Flood Occurrence
Authors: Ullah Tabassum Farhana , O.S. Gnana Prakasi , P Kanmani
Published: February 2021

Flood occurs as often as possible happens due to many environmental changes in our planet in the present years. The occurrence and damages caused by flood is very high. Major cause of flood is due to heavy rainfall which in turn increases the water level of the rivers and other water bodies. The various factors that play a major role in the occurrence of rainfall are rise in temperature, humidity level, dew point, pressure in and around the area of concern, wind speed, etc. In order to reduce the number of victims due to flood it is necessary to have a system to predict flood occurrence. In this paper, we classify and analyzed the various prediction algorithms which show usage of Deep Neural Network produces better results. In addition, a design model has been proposed to predict the flood by training the Deep Neural Network with the above-mentioned factors.
Orphanage Helping System
Authors: K Santhosh Kumar , P Ashish Kumar , V.K.G. Kalaiselvi
Published: February 2021

An orphanage is a residential institution devoted to the care of orphan-children whose parents are unwilling or unable to take care of them. The problem of orphan is acute due to urbanization and industrialization. Need for each of the orphanages varies in different categories such as food, money, clothes, medicine. Most of the people would like to help the orphanages but the major problem is that they have any idea on how to approach these orphanages.  The main objective of this application is to develop a centralized site for orphanages. In our proposed system we try to create an interface between Orphanages\Old age Homes which are in need of charity and people/Volunteers who are willing to help these people. Volunteers can also approach the Orphanage managers regarding the help that they can afford. People can donate through Internet Banking or Online Money Payment applications.
Studies on Effect of Silica Fume on Workability and Strength of Concrete
Authors: V Preetha , Priyadharshini Sathya , R Sarguna , Selvan Senthamil
Published: February 2021

Silica fume is an industrial by product during the production of silicon metal or silicon alloys. Silica fume is known to improve the mechanical characteristics of concrete. The principle physical effect of silica fume in concrete is that of filler, because of its fineness can fit into space between cement grains in the same way that sand fills between particles of coarse aggregates and cement grains fill the space between sand grains. As for chemical reaction of silica fume, because of high surface area and high content of amorphous silica in silica fume, this highly active pozzolans reacts more quickly than ordinary pozzolans. The use of silica fume in concrete has engineering potential and economic advantage. This paper presents the optimal percentage of silica fume from the results of an experimental investigations carried out to for sustainable and economical production of concrete. It is observed that the optimum dose of silica fume is 15% (by weight), when used as part replacement of OPC. The silica fume inclusion decreases the workability and increases the strength of concrete considerably.
A highly secure Multi- Factor authentication system using biometrics to enhance privacy in Internet of Things (IOT)
Authors: M Vijay , G Indumathi
Published: February 2021

Authentication is becoming critical in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment because of its many applications and services have been emerging in the areas such as smart city, healthcare, industry etc. Security and privacy plays a vital role in IoT because their services can be accessed through smart device applications by the user from everywhere and at any time. Hence a multi-factor based authentication can provide high security in IOT environment. This security system incorporates most of the valuable methods such as cryptography, steganography and pattern recognition for authentication process. Among various biometric traits, palm vein is more efficient because it has essential sufficient features points for individual unique identification. The system employs registration phase and authentication phase.  The registration phase enrolls person privacy data with their biometric and the obtained data’s are encrypted with the help of Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) and this confidential information is embedded into person palm print image using bits substitution procedure. In authentication phase, recognition will be performed through three levels such as password, palm print and One Time Password (OTP). Using these three levels the matching can be done. The texture features can be obtained by using Multi Block Local Binary Pattern (MB-LBP) and Gabor filter. To afford high authentication, OTP method is also appended. This system provides better information security and texture analysis rather than previous approaches. Thus this multiple level approach ensures a fool proof and a reliable way for data access. Results are in terms of some validation parameters like false acceptance ratio, false rejection ratio and recognition rate. Observing from results, it is clear that the proposed approach outperform many existing methods. As a result, the proposed scheme has strong security, reliability and enhanced computational efficiency.
Experimental Study on Various Mineral Admixtures in Fibre Reinforced Concrete
Authors: E Kavitha , S Karthik , B Eithya , M Seenirajan
Published: February 2021

The quantity of fly ash produced from thermal power plants in India is approximately 80 million tons each year, and its percentage utilization is less than 10%. An attempt has been made to utilize these cheaper materials in concrete production. This thesis aims at investigating the characteristics of fresh concrete and various strengths of hardened concrete made with various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS, silica fume. Rice husk ash along with polypropylene fibres in various proportions.  M20 grade concrete is considered for experimental studies with 53grade Ordinary Portland Cement blended with varying percentages of mineral admixtures. The maximum size of coarse aggregate used is 20mm.  Various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS.Silica fume. Rice Husk Ash were added concrete in various percentages by partially replacing cement and the optimum percentage of the mineral admixtures will be found.  Based on the obtained values, the admixture with maximum mechanical strength is determined and to this polypropylene fibre is added by varying 0 to 0.5 % by weight of cement to the mix.  The test results obtained were compared and discussed with conventional concrete.
Silica fume as Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete
Authors: R Selvapriya
Published: February 2021

In the recent past, there have been considerable attempts for improving the properties of concrete with respect to strength and durability, especially in aggressive environments. High performance concrete appears to be better choice for a strong and durable structure.  A large amount of   by-product   or   wastes such as fly-ash, copper slag, silica fume etc.  Are generated by industries, which causes environmental as well as health problems due to dumping and disposal. Proper introduction of silica fume in concrete improves both the mechanical and durability characteristics of the concrete. This paper present literature review on replacement of Cement by Silica Fume which includes current and future trends of research.
Study on Strength Properties of Concrete by Using Bottom Ash and Foundry Sand as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate
Authors: P Easwaran , M Kalaivani , S Ramesh , R Ranjith
Published: February 2021

The management of solid industrial waste is of big global concern nowadays. The majority of industries are not interested in the treatment and safe disposal of industrial waste due to its high cost involvements, causing environmental and other ecological impacts. The disposal of waste foundry sand is of prime importance due to the big volume produced from the metal casting industries all over the world as well as the waste bottom ash produced from the thermal power plant. The possibility of substituting natural fine aggregate with industrial by-products such as bottom ash and foundry sand offers technical, economic and environmental advantages which are of greater importance in the present context of sustainability in construction sector. Concrete is the most important engineering material and the addition of some other material may change the properties of concrete. Studies have been carried out to investigate the possibility of utilizing the board range of material as partial replacement material for cement and aggregate in the production of concrete. Natural fine aggregate are becoming scarcity because of its huge utility in various constitution process the possibility of substituting natural fine aggregate with industrial by product such as waste foundry sand and bottom ash in concrete. This study investigate the effect of waste of bottom ash and foundry sand is equal quantities as partial replacement of fine aggregate in 0%, 20%, 30%, 40% on concrete properties such as compression strength and split tensile strength. This study also aims to encourage industries to start commercial production of concrete products using waste bottom ash and foundry sand.
Solar Powered Electric Smart Skate Scooter with IoT
Authors: D Sri Vidhya , S Gomathi , T Venkatesan
Published: February 2021

Pollution due to fuel-based vehicles can be controlled by renewable energy-based vehicles. In this project solar based electrical skate scooter was proposed. Solar based electrical skate scooter was designed with a motor coupled with wheel Motor runs with a help of a battery.  Battery was charged with the solar power from solar panel fitted in the scooter. Use of a smart energy management system with solar power charging the battery reduces the pollution. The whole setup was interconnected with ARDUNIO for monitoring. The parameters such as speed, battery level and battery status (Charging/Discharging/low power/full power) was sensed and monitored by ARDUNIO. Data was processed and was transferred to the cloud with using the NodeMCU module. The data is stored in the cloud which can be received by the receiver section, which is mobile phone or laptop.
Role of B. Licheniformis in bio mineralization of calcium carbonate and its biological applications
Authors: Arumugam Balakrishnan , Elangovan Brinda
Published: February 2021

Bio mineralization is a significant process carried out by living organisms in which minerals are produced through the hardening of biological tissues. Herein, the current study focus on calcium carbonate precipitation, as part of bio mineralization, to be used in applications for CO2 sequestration, material technology, and other fields. A strain B. licheniformis, isolated from marine water, was investigated for its ability to produce urease and induce calcium carbonate precipitation in a metabolic process. It was discovered that B. licheniformis, resisted high concentrations of urea up to 60 g/L. In order to optimize the calcification process of B. licheniformis, the Calcium carbonate precipitation media is used respectively, pH of 10, and culture time of 96 h. Using X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, the calcium carbonate polymorphs produced by B. licheniformis, were proven to be mainly calcite. The results of this research provide evidence that B. licheniformis can biologically induce calcification and suggest that B. licheniformis may play a potential role in the synthesis of new bio minerals and in bioremediation or bio recovery.
Physiochemical Analysis of Ground Water used for Domestic needs in the Area of Perundurai in Erode District
Authors: M Suganthi , N Ramesh , C.T Sivakumar , K Vidhya
Published: February 2021

Water is indispensable for all the life forms on earth. But the comprehensive quality of water such as free from chemical pollutants and microbial contaminants is vital. The present circumstance of industrialization and urbanization has taken a toll on environment, polluting the soil, air, and water. Pollution as well as global warming has exhibited detrimental effects on our natural resources of which water becomes the inexplicable. Failing monsoon rains due to climatic changes, population explosion, and depletion of natural water resources such as groundwater, ponds, and lakes as well as intentional man-made pollution of rivers has lead to water scarcity. Even the scarcely available water is loaded by contaminants and pollutants which include mutagens, carcinogens, and pathogenic microbes affecting all the life forms affecting the ecological balance. Considering the above mentioned problem criteria, a part of the present work has been designed to analyze the quality of ground water around the industrial premises. For this objective, we have collected ground water samples from various locations in and around Perundurai area in Erode District focusing on quite far away from Industrial premises considering the concepts of leaching. Basic physio-chemical properties of the collected ground water samples have been analyzed by APHA standards. Comparative data analysis for the samples based on the analyzed parameters has been made. Highest possibility of water quality issues which affects the day to day consumption of ground water for the domestic needs of the people has been emphasized.
НЕКОЛИКО ЗАПАЖАЊА О БИЦИ НА МОРАВИ
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE BATTLE OF MORAVA
Authors: Коматина Ивана
Published: February 2021

У раду се анализирају византијски и западни извори који посредно или непосредно говоре о бици на Морави. Како битка у изворима није датирана, пре свега анализом извора, али и представљајући досадашња мишљења и претпоставке понудили смо хронологију тог догађаја. Он се, наравно, не може одвојити од историјских догађаја који су му претходили и следили, те су и они описани и умногоме су допринели проналажењу изгледног решења.

The paper analyses Byzantine and Western sources which directly or indirectly testify to the Battle of Morava. As the Battle is not dated in historical sources, we have offered the chronology of this event, primarily through the analysis of sources, but also by presenting hitherto opinions and assumptions. As, of course, this event cannot be separated from the preceding and subsequent historical events, they have also been described, significantly contributing to finding a reasonable solution.
QUIS ERGO PRESBYTER DIOCLEAS? РАНА ДУБРОВАЧКА ИСТОРИОГРАФИЈА И ЛЕТОПИС ПОПА ДУКЉАНИНА QUIS ERGO PRESBYTER DIOCLEAS? EARLY RAGUSAN HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE CHRONICLE OF THE PRIEST OF DIOCLEA
Authors: Коматина Предраг
Published: February 2021

У раду се, у светлости новог тумачења да је у питању плод хуманистичке историографије, а не аутентичан средњовековни спис, истражује порекло података у тзв. Летопису попа Дукљанина кроз дела дубровачке хуманистичке историографије, почев од Лудовика Цријевића Туберона, који се први позива на „писца Дукљанина“, до Мавра Орбина, који први објављује наводни текст „Дукљаниновог“ списа на италијанском. In the light of the new interpretation that the so-called Chronicle of the Priest of Dioclea is a product of humanist historiography, rather than an authentic medieval source, the origin of its data is examined through the works of Ragusan humanist historiography, starting from Ludovicus Cerva Tubero, who first referred to the “author Diocleas”, up to Mauro Orbin, who first published the purported text of the work of "Diocleas" in Italian.
ПОЛИТИЧКИ ЖИВОТ У БОСАНСКОМ ЕЈАЛЕТУ (1815–1822) – СРПСКО И АУСТРИЈСКО ТУМАЧЕЊЕ
POLITICAL LIFE IN THE BOSNIA EYALET (1815–1822) – SERBIAN AND AUSTRIAN INTERPRETATION
Authors: Теиновић Братислав
Published: February 2021

У раду, који се у свом највећем делу темељи на извештајима аустријског конзула у Травнику барона Симбшена, приказан је седмогодишњи политички живот у Босанском ејалету за време везировања: Али-паше Даренделија, Хуршид Ахмед-паше, Сулејман-паше Скопљака, Морали Бећир-паше, Дервиш Мустафа-паше Макранеџија, Мехмеда Ружди-паше и Али Џелалуддин-паше. Консултована архивска грађа из Архива Србије у Београду допринела је бољем сагледавању политичких односа између босанских везира са контроверзним српским кнезом Милошем.

The paper, which largely relies on the reports of Austrian consul in Travnik baron Simbshen, outlines the political life in the Bosnia Eyalet over the seven-year period of viziership of Ali Pasha Darendeli, Hurshid Ahmed Pasha, Suleiman Pasha of Uskoplje, Morali Becir Pasha, Dervish Mustafa Pasha Makranedzi, Mehmed Rushdi Pasha and Ali Dzhelaluddin Pasha. The consulted archival material from the Archive of Serbia in Belgrade helped gain a deeper insight into the political relations between Bosnian viziers with the controversial Serbian prince Miloš.
БОРБА ПРОТИВ КОЛЕРЕ У СРБИЈИ КРАЈЕМ 19. ВЕКА STRUGGLE AGAINST CHOLERA IN SERBIA IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY
Authors: Јовановић Владимир
Published: February 2021

Епидемије су одувек представљале велику опасност по човечанство, како својом непредвидивом појавом, тако и великим људским жртвама које су изазивале. Свакако најопаснија болест која је десетковала становништво током претходних векова била је куга, позната у литератури и као црна смрт. Ништа мање опасна није била ни колера, која је представљала болест урбаних средишта, преношена употребом загађене воде. Овај рад посвећен је анализи развоја здравственог система у Србији, као и начинима борбе против епидемије колере током 19. века. Настојање српских званичника да спрече појаву епидемије колере на тлу Србије, током 1892, средишњи је део овог рада. Показало се да су надлежни током претходних деценија прикупили значајно искуство и применили врло делотворна средства у циљу сузбијања тог опасног противника. Масовна дезинфекција санитарних чворова, као и брзо проналажење и изолација оболелих, учинили су да се опасност од избијања масовне епидемије колере у Србији успешно избегне. Тај значајан резултат скромног санитетског система Краљевине Србије био је утолико већи уколико се узму у обзир трагична искуства оних земаља у којима се колера развила у масовну и незадрживу заразу, попут Русије и појединих већих градова Немачке. Epidemics have always posed a great danger to mankind, both in terms of their unpredictable outbreaks and huge human losses. The most dangerous disease which decimated the population in the past centuries was certainly plague, also known in literature as the black death. Nothing less dangerous was cholera, which was a disease of urban centres, transmitted by use of contaminated water. This paper examines the development of the healthcare system in Serbia, and methods of struggle against the cholera epidemic in the 19th century. The main emphasis is placed on the attempts of Serbian officials to prevent the cholera epidemic in Serbia in 1892. It was ascertained that the official authorities in the earlier decades gained significant experience and applied highly efficacious means to suppress this pernicious enemy. The mass disinfection of sanitary blocks, and fast tracing and isolation of the diseased helped successfully avoid the danger of the outbreak of a mass cholera epidemic in Serbia. This significant result of the modest sanitary system of the Kingdom of Serbia was all the more important given the tragic experiences of those countries where cholera flared into a mass and unfettered infection, such as Russia and bigger towns of Germany.
The Acceptability of Tempeh Based Sausage Formulations with Natural Preservatives Addition
Authors: Sihite Nathasa
Published: February 2021

Sausage is a popular food for both children and adults. The main problem in sausage processing is their short shelf life. Synthetic preservatives such as nitrites are often added to sausage dough to extend the shelf life of sausages. Preservatives such as nitrites, if consumed too often can have harmful effects on health. The content of active compounds found in jasmine flowers is expected to be used as a source of natural preservatives in the processing of tempeh sausage in this study. This study aims to determine the acceptability of sausage formulations with the addition of natural preservatives. This study consisted of 3 treatments, namely tempeh sausage with extract variations of 0%, 0.1%, and 0.25%. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). The concentration of jasmine flower extract had a significantly different effect on the taste of tempeh (p <0.05), where the higher the concentration of jasmine flower extract added to the tempeh sausage, the panelists' preference for the taste of the tempeh sausage would decrease. This is because the two basic ingredients of sausage, namely tempeh and jasmine flowers, already have a specific basic taste. The selection of preservatives made from natural ingredients can be a choice in developing food products, to minimize the use of synthetic preservatives in food products that are carcinogenic.

Keywords: Sausage, tempeh, preservatives
Partial Thickness Sclerectomy for Uveal Effusion Syndrome in nanophthalmic eyes
Authors: Khadka Simanta , Byanju Raghundandan , Pradhan Sangita , Piya Saurav , Singh Sweta , Shah Ritesh , Chaudhary Santosh
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Nanophthalmos characterized by short axial length, high lens-to-eye ratio and thick sclera, is more prone to develop uveal effusion syndrome (UES). This rare entity can result in idiopathic exudative detachment of the choroid, ciliary body and retina. Abnormality in the scleral thickness with resultant obstruction of the vortex veins and reduced trans-scleral drainage of fluid is responsible for exudative retinal detachment (ERD).

Methods: A retrospective study of UES in nanophthalmic patients treated with partial thickness sclerectomy in tertiary eye care centre from January 2015 to June 2019.  Five eyes of five patients (four males and one female) with a diagnosis of nanophthalmos suffered from angle closure glaucoma associated with ERD. Raised intra-ocular pressure (IOP) not amenable to conservative medical management were subjected to surgery. Lamellar sclerectomy was performed in two or more quadrants without drainage which was judged on the basis of maximum amount of exudative fluid present in the subsequent quadrants.

Results: The average age at surgery was 39.2 years and the mean follow-up duration was 9.2 months (6 to 18 months). Revision sclerectomy was required in 2/5 (60%) eyes. The serous fluid gradually resolved and retina remained reattached at the end of final follow up. The useful vision was preserved and IOP was normalized.

Conclusion: Nanophthalmic UES remains a challenging clinical entity. Partial thickness sclerectomy may be an effective option in the treatment of nanophthalmic UES, not amenable to the conventional medical management in a low resource setup.
Danza y escuela
Authors:   , Merlos Lucía Belén
Published: February 2021

En el siguiente trabajo de investigación indagamos las perspectivas educativas y el lugar de la danza en la escolaridad argentina, particularmente en la provincia de Buenos Aires. Centrando nuestro análisis en documentos y diseños curriculares de educación primaria, con especial interés en el período 1983-2018, destacando qué educación del cuerpo se ha propuesto y propone para la enseñanza de la danza en el nivel primario. Nos interesa singularizar momentos que resultan fundantes, y por ello decidimos analizar también legislaciones bonaerenses, junto con perspectivas nacionales que den cuenta de la presencia de la danza en el sistema educativo argentino. Incluyendo instancias que anteceden y que influencian fuertemente la construcción de dicha trayectoria. Entendemos que en las propuestas curriculares de educación artística, particularmente de la danza, no sólo subyacen propósitos pedagógicos, contenidos y modos de evaluación establecidos de forma prescriptiva, sino una fuerte tradición e historia que es necesario develar para comprender una identidad que le es propia. Serán nodales, en tanto fuentes de nuestro trabajo: textos y prescripciones de contenidos, publicaciones oficiales, documentos curriculares, y entrevistas realizadas a diferentes actores del campo de la danza y la educación, educadores y educadoras, curricularistas y personas involucradas en la gestión estatal de esta especialidad. En un recorrido de cinco capítulos desarrollamos los diferentes momentos a partir de los cuales construimos nuestro relato, destacando también las principales tensiones dentro de dicho campo.