bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Aia tempayang on total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde
level against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer in rats
Authors: Widyastuti N. , Anjani G. , Muniroh M. , Tsani A.F.A. , Nissa C. , Ardiaria M. , Junita D.E. , Nasihah A. , Almira V.G.
Published: October 2023

Breast cancer occurs due to the abnormal growth and proliferation of cells derived from
breast tissue that is caused by continuous stimulation by carcinogenic factors. Breast
cancer can be prevented by consuming food that contains antioxidants, such as Aia
tempayang. Aia tempayang is a traditional drink originating from West Sumatra. It is
made from sappan wood, pangdahai, and basil seeds. Each of its ingredients contains
compounds such as antioxidants that can help prevent breast cancer. This study aimed to
prove the effectiveness of the administration of Aia tempayang in preventing breast cancer
in rats induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Healthy female Sprague
Dawley rats (35 days old, 150 – 300 g, n = 30) were divided into five groups (n = 6 rats/
group): normal control group (K1); control groups induced by DMBA without treatment
(K2); treatment group induced by DMBA + sappan wood 0.072 g + pangdahai 0.012 g +
basil seeds 0.045 g (X1); treatment group induced by DMBA + sappan wood 0.144 g +
pangdahai 0.024 g + basil seeds 0.09 g (X2); and treatment group induced by DMBA +
sappan wood 0.288 g + pangdahai 0.048 g + basil seeds 0.18 g (X3). All rats were gently
palpated in the mammary glands to detect the development of any abnormal mass after 5
weeks of intervention. A significant increase in TAC levels was observed in the X1, X2,
and X3 groups compared with the K2 group after the treatments (p = 0.000). In addition,
there was a significant decrease in the MDA levels in the X1, X2, and X3 groups
compared with the K2 group after the treatments (p = 0.000). In conclusion, the
administration of Aia tempayang increases the TAC levels and decreases the MDA levels
in breast cancer rats induced by DMBA.
The challenging concept of diversifying non-rice products from cassava by
changing Indonesian people's behavior and perception: a review
Authors: Harlina P.W. , Fitriansyah F.A. , Shahzad R.
Published: October 2023

Cassava is a popular crop in Indonesia and is known as local food from east Indonesia. It
has gained popularity across the country due to its widespread cultivation and abundant
carbohydrate content. In contrast to its potential, the Indonesian populace continues to
predominantly consume rice, which is associated with health risks like diabetes, high
blood pressure, and heart attacks due to its high glycemic index. This review aimed to
assess the feasibility of a diversified approach to address this issue by capitalizing on
cassava's versatility. Through a comprehensive analysis, we explore how strategic
collaboration between the government, farmers, food scientists, and society could foster a
shift from rice-centric diets to a broader range of cassava-based products. Advanced
technological methods are examined as enablers of efficient food diversification. By
highlighting the significance of internal and external strategies, including the introduction
of novel cassava products such as kasoami, kaopi, tiwul, and cassava flour, we propose a
multifaceted approach to decrease rice dependency while promoting dietary diversity and
improved health outcomes for the Indonesian population.
Análisis de la diversidad en la programación de la televisión abierta en Ecuador
Authors: Merino Rosero Gerardo , Ortega Játiva Edith
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo parte de la observación de las parrillas de cinco canales de televisión ecuatoriana de señal abierta, cobertura nacional y alta audiencia durante una semana, el objetivo planteado fue el de determinar la diversidad de la programación en cuanto a los públicos meta, el origen geográfico de las producciones y los géneros audiovisuales. Se analizó la diversidad vertical de cada canal durante la semana regular (de lunes a viernes) y en el fin de semana; también se estudió la diversidad horizontal en los canales de la muestra durante el horario estelar de lunes a viernes.

Los resultados mostraron que la programación de los canales estudiados tiende a la homogeneidad. En cuanto a la diversidad vertical, la parrilla de estos canales se caracteriza por una variedad mediana en cuanto a públicos meta, procedencia geográfica y géneros audiovisuales. Respecto al balance, existe una concentración de programas dirigidos a público adulto y origen geográfico local; además, se destina mayor tiempo para los noticieros y las telenovelas de lunes a viernes y series de ficción y telemercadeo durante los fines de semana. Esta homogeneidad en la programación se ve acentuada al analizar la diversidad horizontal, ya que, en comparación con la diversidad vertical, disminuye la variedad en cuanto a públicos meta y géneros audiovisuales y existe una concentración aún mayor de los programas dirigidos a adultos, de las telenovelas y de las producciones locales. Se concluye que los canales estudiados planifican su programación en función de un público consumidor, con el fin de incrementar sus niveles de audiencias y, por lo tanto, las pautas publicitarias y sus réditos económicos.
Tendencia de la audiencia desde la llegada de la TDT e Internet a los televisores españoles
Authors: Forteza Martínez Aurora , Conde Manuel Antonio , Andrade Martínez César Miguel
Published: October 2023

La televisión ha sufrido una gran transformación desde la llegada de la TDT e Internet. Esta situación ha influido enormemente en la audiencia y en el consumo de los contenidos audiovisuales; asimismo, la inclusión de las plataformas Over the top (OTT), así como las de pago han contribuido a este cambio. El presente trabajo de investigación tenía como objetivo general conocer la evolución de la audiencia en España desde la llegada de la TDT en 2010, analizando estos datos por años, meses y Comunidades Autónomas, así como dar a conocer el perfil de la audiencia. Esta investigación se basa en una metodología de carácter observacional prospectivo, tanto descriptivo como analítico, con unos resultados que constatan la bajada de la audiencia en España, una transformación en los consumos de la programación y el cambio de las plataformas de pago tradicional a las nuevos OTT, siendo una de las conclusiones que los estudios de audiencia en España no tienen una gran presencia, tanto en el consumo en diferido como en el lineal.
Improving Coffee Processing Towards Community-Based Agritourism
Authors: I Gede Pasek Mangku  , I Made Astu Mahayana
Published: October 2023

The quality and flavor of coffee products are influenced by the processing used. Good processing methods can increase coffee products' quality, flavor, and bioactive content. Better coffee quality can support the agritourism development program in the Harapan Maju group. This community service aims to improve the knowledge and skills of the Harapan Maju group on processing coffee and to increase communication skills in English to sell and promote their products. The methods used in this program are surveys, observation, and transfer of knowledge and skill. mentoring, documentation, as well as practicing. There are 28 participants from the group were joined in this activity. The result showed that the knowledge and skill of the group members are increasing; therefore, the Harapan Maju group can produce coffee products with good quality and flavor to support agritourism programs. Otherwise, the ability of English communication skills also increases and can support agritourism development in the future. However, the group continuously needs mentoring and guidance from the University and government.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION INTO GERMAN LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: BİLGİ Aslıcan ÇOPUR
Published: October 2023

The approach of Differentiated Instruction (DI) has emerged from the need for genuine need of the evolution in education. In this study, the Differentiated Instruction approach is discussed especially in the context of German teaching
in Turkey. If the historical development process of foreign language teaching in Turkey is reviewed, it is seen that many teaching approaches and methods aim to make students more competent in the target language. When considered
in Turkey, methods such as grammar translation method, direct method, communicative method and physical response method have been adapted to improve the quality of foreign language teaching (Demirel, 2014). Unfortunately, such
adaptations lose their effectiveness over time in Turkey and in the world. It forces changes in teaching method and techniques in order to keep up with the developing and changing world. This situation has led some researchers
and educators to investigate the reasons for the inadequacy of such practices. Differentiated instruction can be defined as the presentation of the course content by formatting it in accordance with the learners. It is believed
that there will be significant improvements in student achievement as a result of the implementation of the differentiated learning approach in foreign language teaching in Turkey. Considering that it is a newly recognized approach
in our country, descriptive research method was used in our study to show that differentiated instruction is more understandable and applicable. In our study, the integration of differentiated education into German language education
is mainly discussed. It is emphasized that a differentiated approach can be applied in lessons according to the data obtained from studies in the field by conducting literature research. It is thought that the use of this approach,
which is accepted worldwide, in the field of education will have positive reflections in our country.
USE OF SERVICE-LEARNING APPROACH OVER UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS FOR REAL-LIFE EXPERIENCES
Authors: ATAN Abdullah , AYKIRI Kudret
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, gerçek yaşam deneyimleri için lisans öğrencileri üzerinde hizmet ederek öğrenme yaklaşımına dayanan bir ders modelini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Nitel yöntemlerin olguyu tanımlamak ve karakterize etmekte daha yararlı olabilmesi
nedeni ile yeni tasarım önerilerinin karmaşıklığını yakalamak için bu çalışmada eylem araştırması yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Çalışma yedi lisans öğrencisi ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler görüşmeler ve dokümanlar aracılığı ile toplanmıştır.
Verilerin analizi için, tümevarımsal analiz tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın önemi ve özgünlüğü, lisans öğrencilerinin özel ilgiye ihtiyaç duyan çocuklarla ilgilenme yeterliklerinin nasıl geliştirileceğini keşfetmesidir.
Çalışmanın sonucunda; lisans öğrencilerinin özel gereksinimli çocukların eğitimine ilişkin gerçek yaşam deneyimleri yaşayabilecekleri bir ders modeli ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bulgular doğrultusunda çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Factors Affecting Purchase Intention on Roasted Coffee Beans (Study Case: Caracal Coffee Roasters)
Authors: Fajri Rizha Al , Purwanegara Mustika Sufiati
Published: October 2023

This research investigates the effect of product attributes, brand awareness, advertising, sales promotion, and Word of mouth on coffee products' purchase intention. In this case, the coffee products used are Caracal coffee roasters. This research conducted preliminary interviews and a questionnaire for gathering the data. Then, the data is analyzed using narrative analysis for the data from the interview and SEM (structural equation modeling) for the data from the questionnaire. Based on the results of the interviews, most of the respondents agree that Price, Origin, Post-harvest process, and Tasting notes are the essential attributes of coffee beans for consumers. Based on the SEM analysis, all five variables, except advertising, significantly influence the Caracal coffee roaster products. Future studies should pursue more variables, especially digital marketing factors and influencers done massively in this era.
PEMBUATAN DAN INSTALASI INVERTER OTOMATIS SEBAGAI LISTRIK CADANGAN UNTUK MUSHOLLA AL HUDA
Authors: Darmawan Budi , Okta Muvianto , Cahyo Mustiko , Ariessaputra Suthami , Ch Syafaruddin
Published: October 2023

Mushalla Al-Huda di Dusun Kapek Atas, Desa Gunungsari, Kecamatan Gunungsari, Kabupaten Lombok Barat menawarkan berbagai kegiatan seperti pengajian rutin, membaca dan menghafal Al-Quran dan masih banyak kegiatan sosial lainnya yang membutuhkan listrik untuk mendukung operasionalnya. Mushalla Al-Huda hanya menggunakan listrik dari jaringan PLN dan belum memiliki sistem listrik cadangan. Artinya, jika aliran listrik dari jaringan PLN padam, maka kegiatan diliburkan. Untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut, pada kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan instalasi inverter otomatis sebagai sumber listrik cadangan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diawali dengan pemasangan inverter otomatis yang telah selesai dilaksanakan pada 27 September 2018. Selanjutnya pada 13 November 2018, dilaksanakan pelatihan penggunaan inverter yang diikuti oleh jamaah di mushalla Al-Huda. Inverter yang telah dipasang berfungsi dengan baik seperti yang diharapkan. Dengan terpasangnya inverter pada mushalla al-huda maka kegiatan rutin mushalla seperti pengajian, baca Al Quran dan hafalan yang biasanya diselenggarakan pada malam hari, dapat tetap berjalan dengan lancar walaupun terjadi pemadaman listrik PLN.
IMPLEMENTASI DAN OPTIMALISASI MITIGASI BENCANA GUNA MENINGKATKAN KESIAPSIAGAAN MASYARAKAT DESA MEKAR SARI KECAMATAN PRAYA BARAT, KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Joniarta I Wayan , Najwasyah Farah , Lalu Banu Samudera , Dwi Astuti Tiara , Mandalika Nabilla
Published: October 2023

Desa Mekar Sari Kecamatan Praya Barat berpotensi mengalami bencana gempa bumi, tsunami, tanah longsor, kekeringan, serta kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Metode penyuluhan mitigasi bencana dan simulasi tanggap bencana sangat penting dilakukan. Risiko ancaman bencana di desa Mekar Sari termasuk tinggi, tetapi tingkat pendidikan penduduk desa Mekar Sari terbilang rendah. Kehadiran mahasiswa KKN Tematik Unram bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan dan kesadaran masyarakat terkait mitigasi bencana. Serangkain kegiatan yang telah dilakukan yaitu sosialisasi mitigasi bencana  di kantor desa, sosialisasi door to door, dan simulasi tanggap bencana di sekolah. Pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif untuk menggambarkan dan menjelaskan perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi pada masyarakat. Hasil pengolahan data 48 responden menunjukkan, sebelum diadakan sosialisasi mitigasi bencana, 85% masyarakat menyatakan bahwa penyuluhan kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana alam tidak perlu dilakukan dan 15% menyatakan sangat diperlukan, hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terkait dengan bencana dan mitigasi bencana. Setelah mengadakan penyuluhan maka terjadi perubahan yang sangat besar dimana sebanyak 73% responden menyatakan pentingnya tindakan kesiapsiagaan tanggap bencana, sisanya 27% menyatakan tidak perlu.
SOSIALISASI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PERNIKAHAN USIA DINI DAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI DI DESA SENANGGALIH, KECAMATAN SAMBELIA, KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR
Authors: Rubi'ah Siti , . Sultan , Rahmansyah Arif , Nugraha Lalu Pitra , Malida Malida , Hamdalah Hamdalah
Published: October 2023

Pernikahan usia anak masih menjadi masalah serius di Indonesia. Siswa sekolah sebagai generasi pada kelompok umur tersebut perlu memiliki pengetahuan komprehensif terkait penyebab dan akibat pernikahan usia anak sebagai upaya preventif. Kegiatan sosialisasi ini penting dilakukan dengan tujuan mengubah persepsi siswa terhadap penyebab dan dampak dari pernikahan usia dini. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi dan bertempat di Yayasan Ponpes MTs/MA NW Sambelia. Sebanyak 45 peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan tersebut. Pernikahan usia anak akan memberikan dampak yang sangat serius terhadap psikologi, mental maupun fisik anak tersebut. Ditinjau dari segi kesehatan, perkawinan usia anak akan meningkatkan resiko kehamilan karena organ reproduksinya belum siap. Dari segi pendidikan, mereka yang melakukan pernikahan dini banyak mengambil konsekuensi putus sekolah. Akibatnya mereka kehilangan kesempatan untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi sehingga semakin sulit untuk mengakses lapangan pekerjaan. Hal ini kemudian akan berdampak pada pola pikir mereka dalam menjalani hidup dan kehidupan ini. Emosi mereka cenderung tidak stabil dalam menyelesaikan setiap persoalan sehingga rawan terjadi konflik dan berujung pada perceraian.
Influence of Nutrient and Green Manure Applications on Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Rice
Authors:   Assitant Professor, Dept.of Soil Science and Agrl,Chemistry  University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, P.P RAMASWAMI , D RAJZ ,   Cheif Scientist Regional Research Station Kovilpatti
Published: October 2023

A pot culture experiment was conducted on four soil groups to study the effect of application of nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum and green manure on the uptake of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium by grain, straw and root and on the yield of rice grain and straw and root growth. Application of nitrogen, phosphorus and green manure increased grain yield. Straw yield was increased by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization and root growth was increased by nitrogen application alone. Nitrogen and green manure application increased nitrogen uptake by grain; nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum and green manure application increased phosphorus uptake and nitrogen and phosphorus application increased potassium uptake by grain. Siginificant correlations were obtained between grain, straw and root growth and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by grain, straw and root.
lacmocyte Changes in Larvae of the Tobacco Caterpillar Spodoptera litura F.. Infected with a Nuclear-Polyhedrosis Virus
Authors:   Assitant Entomologist Dept of Entomology Agricultural College  Kerala Agricultural University Vellavani, JACOB ABRAHAM , T.R SUBRAMANIAM ,   Professor and Head Department of Entomology, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute, Coimbatore
Published: October 2023

Haemocyte changes in the larvae of Spodoptera litura during the course of a nuclear polyhedrosis are described. Early fourth instar larvae were inoculated with 10 polyhedra each. The number of circulating haemocyles (THC) was significantly higher in infected larvae at 24 hour after inoculation. But at 48, 72, 96 and 120 hour following inoculation the THC was significantly lower than in the corresponding healthy larvae. Further the THC de- creased progressively from 48 hour onwards in infected larvae as against a general increa sing trend in healthy ones.
Granular Insecticides for the Control of Pod Borers in Red Gram
Authors:   Instructor of Entomology Agricultural Polytecnic Pondicherry, A MOHAMED HANIFA , G BALASUBRAMANIAM ,   Instructor Department of Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, A LEELA DAVID ,   Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, T.R SUBRAMANIAM ,   Head Professor, Department of Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Two field experiments were conducted during 1971 and 1972 with granules and dust formulations for the control of rodgram pod borers with 11 treatments in Experi- ment No 1 and 12 treatments in Experiment No. 2. The granules were incorporated in the soil at the rate of 1.25 kg a.l/ha as a side dressing 45 days after sowing of the crop. The dusts were applied at the same rate on the plant at the time of flowering of the crop. The mean injury percentage to pods ranged from 25.0 to 44.0 in experiment No. 1 and was statistically significant. Treatments with phorate 10% gr. bux 10% gr.. dime- thoate 1% gr. fensulphothion 5% gr. and aldicarb 10% gr. registered a marked reduction in infestation of 43.2. 36,1. 28.4, 26.6 and 21.4 per cent respectively. In experiment. No. 2 treatments with bux 10% gr.. fensulfothion 5% gr., disulfoton 5% gr.. carbophenothion 5% dust and cytrolano 10% gr. recorded lower infestation 25.6. 23.2. 20.6, 20.6 and 18.2% less than control respectively. Regarding yield. cytrolane 10% gr., disulfoton 5% gr.. bux 10% gr.. fensulfothion and phorate registered consistantly higher yield in both the experiments.
Studies on the Root Rot of Groundnut Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc
Authors:   Deputy Agricultural Officer Director of Agriculture Trivendrum Kerala, P ANANDAVALLY AMMA , N SHANMUGAM ,   Associate Professor of Plant Pathology, Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore
Published: October 2023

From a study to fix the exact site of infection, it was found that the hypocotyl at groundnut was the most vulnerable site of infection as this region yielded the pathogen more frequently than other parts near the soil surface. In a pathogenicity experiment, maize seeds as a medium of inoculum was found to be better than barley seed and wheat seed inoculum and was superior to send maize inoculum in causing quick and high mortality. On evaluating four systemic fungicides and PCNB against S. rolfsit, vitavax at 10 rpm and plantvax at 25 ppm inhibited the fungus growth to the maximum and prevented sclerotial formation. As regards control, plantvax 25 ppm followed by vitavax 10 ppm were highly efficacious.
A Study into Economics of Adopting a Technological Change in Agriculture
Authors:   Intructor, Department of Agricultural Economics, ,Tamilnadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641 003, P ZEAUDEEN , M SRINIVASAN ,   Formerly Professor of Agricultural Economics, ,Tamilnadu Agricultural University Coimbatore 641 003
Published: October 2023

A study undertaken to ovalute the economics of cultivating Hybird Bajre-1 strain in Coimbatore taluk revealed that there was a general tendency for the adodter farms to invest more on various input factors than the non-adoptors. Adopter farms realised a higher income due to the cultivation of hybird Cumbu and the gross income and profit per acre were higher in adopter farms.
Effect of Gamma Radiation on certain Microbial and Chemical Propertics of Two Soil Types
Authors:   Senior Research Fellow D A E Project, G ARUNACHALAM , G OBLISAMI ,   Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Microbiology,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003 Tamilnadu, G RANGASWAMI ,   Vice Chancellor Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003
Published: October 2023

Studios on the changes in the microbiological and chemical properties of red and black soils due to varying doses of gamma-irradiation indicated that complete eradication of micro- organisms was possible at 1500 kr and 2000 kr for rod and black soils, respectively: fungi were eliminated at 250kr to 1000 kr, actinomycetes at 1500kr and bacteria at 1000 to 2000kr indicating differential radio-sensitivity of the microbes present in the two soils. A marked decrease in organic carbon content, an increase in available N, marginal incr- ease in available P and a decrease in available K of both the soils due to gamme-radiation were recorded. The soil pH was lowered slightly in the red soil whereas no such change was observed in the black soil by the gamma-radiation. Autoclaving resulted in more significant changes in the above characteristics of both the soils than due to gamma radiation.
The effect of monthly mean global horizontal solar radiation and sunshine duration on vitamin d levels in young women
Authors: TAŞÇI KARAGÖL Şükriye , TURHAN Sevil , COŞKUN Hülya , KIR Seher , BOSTAN Yusuf Emre. , YILDIZ Raziye
Published: October 2023

Aim: The most important reason for vitamin D deficiency is the lack of synthesis in the skin. The synthesis of vitamin D can be affected by many variables such as geographical region, race, season, monthly average daily sun exposure (MADSD), monthly average daily global horizontal solar radiation (MADGHSR). In this study, we aimed to investigate possible association between vitamin D levels and MADSD and MADGHSR in young women.

Methods: This is a retrospective study evaluating the levels of Vitamin D classified by age, seasons, months, MADGHSR and MADSD in women aged between 15-45 years admitted to a secondary state hospital.

Results: All of the women involved were at reproductive age and approximately 94.6% of them had vitamin D levels below 30 ng/mL. The median (minimum-maximum) vitamin D level was 16.1 (3.6-49.4) ng/mL in summer and 14.3 (3.2-49.8) ng/mL in winter (p=0.001). The rate of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 68.1% in summer and 75.1% in winter (p<0.001). The median MADGHSR was 4.6 (3.4-5.7) hours in winter and 6.9 (5.2-7.2) hours in summer and the median MADSD was 3.3 (1.6-3.5) watt/m²/day in winter and 15.2 (12.2-15.8) watt/m²/day in summer. Vitamin D level was weakly correlated with age (r=0.082, p=0.002), MADSD (r=0.075, p=0.001) and MADGHSR (r=0.062, p=0.006).

Conclusion: We found that MADGHSR and MADSD had an effect on vitamin D synthesis in addition to factors related with personal and environmental situations. We suggest that routine optimal dose vitamin D replacement is necessary in geographies similar to the population in our study.
Apoptosis Induction Through Increased TRPV1 Activation by Synergic Effect of Melatonin and Doxorubicin in Human Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Cell Lines
Authors: KOÇAK Ahmet , GÜLCÜ Anıl , ÖVEY İshak Suat
Published: October 2023

Aim: We aimed to reveal the role of doxorubicin (Dox), melatonin (Mel) and transient receptor potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels in bone and cartilage cancer cells during the treatment process. Human Bone Osteosarcoma (Saos-2/An1) and Human Chondrosarcoma (Hs 819.T) cell lines were used to prepare in-vitro experiment models.

Methods: Both cell lines were cultured at 37°C. We have separated each cell line into five groups as follows: Controls, Dox, Dox+Capsazepine (Cpz), Dox+Melatonin (Mel), and combined Dox+Mel+Cpz given group. Capsaicin and capsazepine were added to cell culture mediums to activate or inactivate the TRPV1 channels, respectively. Cytosolic calcium, apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen, mitochondrial depolarization, caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels were measured.

Results: Increased apoptotic activity was detected in doxorubicin given cell lines (Group II) when compared with the controls (p˂0.001). There was also a significantly higher apoptotic level in Dox+Mel group (Group IV), when compared with only Dox given group (p˂0.001). TRPV1 inhibition applied groups (Group III and V) have had lower apoptotic levels than other drug administered groups (p˂0.001).

Conclusion: This study has indicated that apoptotic effects of Dox and Mel on both osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma were strictly associated to TRPV1 channels, and that TRPV1 channels played an important role in whole mitochondria dependent pathways of apoptosis, which in turn may lead to increased intracellular Ca+2 levels and mitochondrial depolarization.
Prognostic significance of PNI, SIRI and LIPI in non small-cell lung cancer
Authors: BALÇIK Onur Yazdan , AYTAÇ Ali , AVCI Tugay , DEMİR Bilgin , İLHAN Yusuf , KARAKYA Gökhan , ERDOĞAN Atike Pinar
Published: October 2023

Aim: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the 3 most common and deadly cancers. The aim of the current study is to investigate whether Prognostic Nutritional Index /PNI), Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SIRI), Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI) has a prognostic significance in patients with metastatic NSLCL.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with pathologically confirmed metastatic NSCLC in 5 different hospitals in Turkey between 2016-2022 were included in our study and analyzed retrospectively. overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were recorded.

Results: The median PFS was 5.50 months, while the median OS was 16.03 months. Median OS was 14.86 months for the PNI-Low group and 17.2 months for the PNI-High group (p: <0.121). The median OS of the PNI-Low group was shorter than the PNI-High group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Median OS was 19.86 months for the SIRI-Low group and 14.23 months for the SIRI-High group (p: <0.112). Median OS was 17.76, 15.13, 13.73 months for the LIPI-Low, LIPI-intermediate group and LIPI-high group, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p: <0.391)

Conclusion: In conclusion, PNI and SIRI may be significant in a prospective study in a specific patient group to be performed with a larger number of patients to predict the prognosis of patients with metastatic NSCLC.
Which scapula fractures should we operate on and what are the functional outcomes?
Authors: ETLİ İbrahim
Published: October 2023

Aim: In this study we reported the functional results and complications of patients with scapula fractures who underwent open reduction and internal fixation.

Methods: The study included 16 patients with scapula fractures who were treated with open reduction and internal fixation(ORIF) between September 2015 and March 2022. Radiologic examination (AP in the scapular plane, lateral and axillary radiography) and computed tomography (CT) scans were performed in all patients. Fractures were classified according to the revised (AO/OTA) classification system. The patients underwent deltopectoral and posterior approaches described by Judet. Functional outcomes were measured using Constant-Murley scores.

Results: Ten patients had a scapular neck fracture, or glenoid fossa fracture, five patients had a scapular trunk fracture affecting the glenohumeral joint, and one patient had a scapula process fracture. It was accompanied by clavicle shaft fracture in five patients. The mean follow-up period after injury was 42 months (6-92 months). The mean Constant-Murley score (CMS) for the shoulder with scapula fracture was 93.8 (±8.93).

Conclusion: Open reduction and internal fixation of displaced scapular fractures is an effective treatment option in terms of union rate and functional outcome.
Effect of tarpaulin pond on the growth and haematology of catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Oyedele Elliot Seyifunmi
Published: October 2023

The present comparative study investigated the haematological and growth parameters of catfish reared in both earthen and tarpaulin ponds. The growth response of the fish in both ponds such as overall weight gain, production index, survival rate, daily weight gain and length gain in the fish samples were determined. The overall weight gain in the catfish grown in earthen pond was higher (800 – 1000 g) than those from tarpaulin ponds (600 – 800 g). The production index of fish from earthen pond was higher than those of tarpaulin pond. The survival rate was higher in earthen pond (100%) than tarpaulin pond (80%). Moreover, daily weight gain and length gain were higher in earthen pond (12.50 g and 50 cm) than tarpaulin pond (10.00 g and 30 cm) respectively. Also, the haematological parameters such as the packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HB), Red Blood Cell (RBC), White Blood Cell (WBC) count and other blood parameters of each of the blood sample, were determined using 5-part differential Haematology Auto-analyzer (Mindray BC 5300 model).Catfish from earthen pond recorded the highest haemoglobin value (8.68±0.15 g/dL) than that of tarpaulin pond (7.78±0.03g/dL) this means that the oxygen carrying capacity of blood of catfish from earthen pond is higher than those of tarpaulin pond. Packed cell volume (PCV) value was recorded the highest in earthen pond (25.00%) again than that of tarpaulin pond (23.50%). Earthen pond recorded the least white blood cell (WBC) count (5268.30±54.03 x 103/L) compared to that of tarpaulin pond (6170.50±37.09 x 103/L). Red blood cell (RBC) count was recorded the highest in earthen pond (2.74±0.01 x 106/L) than that of tarpaulin pond (2.18±0.01x 106/L). Blood of catfish from tarpaulin pond recorded the highest neutrophils (60%) than that of earthen pond (53%). Earthen pond recorded the highest leucocytes (40%) than that of tarpaulin pond (37%). Also, monocytes counts are higher in earthen pond (7%) than tarpaulin pond (3%). In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that the type of pond material used to rear fish can alter growth and haematological parameters.
Unlocking the power of digital marketing: Strategies for successful international brand management
Authors: Deepesh Sheth
Published: October 2023

Brand internationalization can change domestic consumers' attitudes towards self-owned brands, as international brands are generally considered premium brands that can successfully meet global needs. Brand internationalization is a challenge for businesses, which requires targeting, positioning, and segmentation strategies to succeed. Companies must promote brand authenticity by demonstrating transparency and humanizing brands to build consumer trust. This study discusses successful strategies for brand internationalization in the contemporary global marketplace. It highlights the importance of perceived brand authenticity, its impact on domestic consumers' attitudes towards self-owned brands, and factors influencing their purchase intention. The article proposed effective strategies such as leveraging the country of origin effect, forming emotional connections, strengthening brand authenticity, incorporating influencer marketing, and localizing brands. Two case studies illustrate how Huawei and TikTok utilized these strategies to manage their international brands successfully.
Antimicrobial effects of blue vitriol and brimstone on dental caries isolates
Authors: Onyekachukwu Izuchukwu Udemezue  , Uchechi Mercy Njoemena  , Euphemia Afoma Ikegwuonu  , Chijioke Obinna Ezenwelu  , Ikechukwu Kingsley Ojeah
Published: October 2023

Natural compounds are organic products synthesized by living organisms or found in nature. The natural compounds of interest were blue vitriol and brimstone. Caries is a chronic, multifactorial disease, which causes destruction and demineralization of hard tissues of teeth by acid production occurring from bacterial fermentation of food. The antimicrobial activity of brimstones and blue vitriol (blue stone) against isolates from dental caries was evaluated. Eighty-five dental swab specimens were aseptically collected from dental caries patients. The isolates were identified based on their microscopic, macroscopic, biochemical and molecular characteristics. They include Candida tropicalis, Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus sppand Staphylococcus aureus. Agar-well diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. The test showed that the isolates were susceptible to some of the natural stones as zones of inhibition were observed. Blue stone gave the highest inhibition zone diameter of 46.20±1.10 mm against Lactobacillus spp at 200 mg/ml. Brimstones showed no zone of inhibition on all the isolates. The Minimal Inhibition Concentration of bluestone was 50 mg/ml; and 200 mg/ml for brimstone against Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum bactericidal concentration of bluestone was 50 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and 200 mg/ml against the other isolates. Thus, natural stones can be used as antimicrobials in the production of dental care products and in treatment of dental caries.
Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy in People Living with Diabetes Mellitus (PLWD): A Hospital-based Cross-sectional study
Authors: Joyce Jiji Mepurathu  , Sumit Grover
Published: October 2023

Title: Knowledge and awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy in People Living with Diabetes Mellitus (PLWD): A Hospital-based Cross-sectional study. Purpose: To assess knowledge and awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) among adults with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) visiting the hospital. Results: Out of 218 participants about 77.5% were aware that DM could affect the eye. However, only 34.4% were aware that it could cause blindness. About 54 (24.8%) had their HbA1c levels tested regularly while 107 (49.1%) tested only when asked. About 33.5% of the patients were not aware of any of the treatment modalities for DR such as laser photocoagulation, surgery, intravitreal injection. While the rest (66.5%) had heard about at least one of these treatment modalities. 32.6% of patients thought that the control of blood glucose is enough to control DR without any further intervention. Conclusion: The study concluded that diabetes, as a global epidemic, requires attention from patients and health care professionals. Furthermore, the survey found that the majority of people with diabetes are fully aware of the need of eye screening and the fact that diabetes can affect the eye, but had little knowledge of diabetic retinopathy and its effects. To reduce visual impairment caused by diabetes, it is vital to increase community awareness about diabetic retinopathy and the necessity of retinal screening. It is necessary to conduct awareness programs aimed primarily at rural populations. Screening services should be improved at the community health centre level as well.
Dying with the enemy: Interrogating the roles of religion in social support for suicide terrorism
Authors: UNACHUKWU Ugochukwu Vitus
Published: October 2023

Suicide terrorism seemingly employed to settled conflicts between the Shiite and the Sunnis, mixed with the Salafis ideology of violence is also seen used for demand for State of Islam, national liberation, and propagation against democracies, mis-governance, and secularism amongst others. Terror cells groups could be seen aggravating suicide terrorism by substituting suicide for martyrdom. It was against this background that this study engage religious belief hypothesis to interrogate the roles of religion in garnering social support for suicide terrorism. The study decomposes roles of religion in suicide terrorism into crises between the Shiites and the Sunnis, substitution of suicide with martyrdom. The study employed desktop research design with reliance historical and secondary data from extant literature. The study concludes that the manipulation of the religious injunctions, extremist interpretation of religious teachings, as well as advancement of religion facade for economic gains stronger motivation for people who support suicide terrorism. Finding from the study showed that there would be no successful suicide terror campaign without the support of the society where the suicide terrorists reside and whose interest they claim to be defending. The study recommends that distorted ideology driven by religion can only be countered by respected Islamic clerics and leaders, especially from the Arab world with covert Western support to circumvent the perverted narrative of martyrdom as sacrifice for the good of the land, people or God, and rather brand it as common suicide and an honourless venture.
The role of R-plasmids in hospital strains of Proteus
Authors: Magda Davitashvili  , Lamara Zuroshvili  , Darejan Margalitashvili  , Gela Azikuri
Published: October 2023

The antibiotic sensitivity of Proteus strains isolated between 2017 and 2021 was investigated. A total of 85 Proteus strains were analyzed, revealing the widespread presence of poly-resistant forms of this pathogen. The examination of the antibiotic susceptibility spectrum in these strains demonstrated that those isolated from 2017 to 2021 exhibited similarities in their resistance profiles, with an expanding range of resistance observed towards gentamycin, kanamycin, carbenicillin, and others. The study identified that hospital-derived Proteus strains possess both conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids, distributed across different compatibility groups. It was shown that 55% of Proteus strains have conjugative R-plasmids, determining stability to streptomycin, gentamycin, carbenicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, refer to T, J, M, N groups of incompatibility and have molecular masses 53.0; 33.0; 38.0; 49.0 MDa, respectively. In Proteus strains plasmids belonging to Inc-PI group of incompatibility were found. Furthermore, non-conjugative R-plasmids were identified in Proteus strains, conferring stability to tetracycline and streptomycin, with molecular masses of 7.2 and 5.8 MDa, respectively. Thus, the investigation of Proteus strains isolated in two clinics highlighted the participation of both conjugative and non-conjugative resistance plasmids in the development of hospital-associated Proteus strains.
A study on the mythological references of the ancient Chaturvarnya system and social balance
Authors: Aditya Hemantrao Akolkar
Published: October 2023

An ancient system of social stratification called the Chaturvarnya system, sometimes referred to as the caste system, has had a profound impact on the development of Indian society and culture for millennia. This research examines the mythical underpinnings of the Chaturvarnya system's development and justification as well as its effects on the harmony of society in ancient India. The research tries to trace the legendary roots of the Chaturvarnya system through a thorough analysis of ancient scriptures, religious books, and epics including the Rigveda, Puranas, Manusmriti, Mahabharata, and Ramayana. The four varnas (classes)—Brahmins (priests and academics), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and traders), and Shudras (laborers and service providers)—are assigned various societal responsibilities in these writings, which frequently include tales of divine origins. The study critically evaluates how the varnas and their responsibilities are portrayed in these mythological narratives.
Current regulatory requirements and regulation on submission of ANDA in India comparison with Singapore
Authors: Ashok Kumar P  , Renu GM  , Suhas S Gowda  , Tejaswini HU  , Vinay Kumar  , Yashwanth HN
Published: October 2023

Developing a new drug requires great quantity of research work in chemistry, manufacturing, controls, preclinical science and clinical trials. Drug reviewers in regulatory agencies around the world bear the liability of evaluate whether the research data support the safety, efficacy and quality control of a new drug product to serve the public health. Every country has its own regulatory authority, which is responsible to enforce the rules and regulations and issue the guidelines to regulate the marketing of the drugs. This article focuses on history, regulatory policy and organization, and related issues with respect to different countries like, India and Singapore.
A rare occurrence of acne fulminans and erythema nodosum complicating isotretinoin therapy successfully treated with oral dapsone and light-emitting diode
Authors: Hajar Moata  , Fouzia Hali  , Soumiya Chiheb
Published: October 2023

Isotretinoin has revolutionized the treatment of acne. Paradoxically, it can induce acne fulminans, a severe variant of inflammatory acne. We report a rare case of acne fulminans and erythema nodosum both complicating isotretinoin therapy, successfully managed with oral dapsone and light-emitting diode as a therapeutic alternative to isotretinoin.
A late-onset leg rash, unique Janeway lesions or Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction? A case report
Authors: Andrew Kim  , Cristian Valdez  , Tony Alarcon  , Elizabeth Benge  , Blerina Asllanaj  , Aaron Singh  , Elvin Colon Martinez  , Derek Oh
Published: October 2023

Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions typically manifest as a response to antimicrobial therapy for spirochete infections, although these reactions have also been documented following treatment of other microbes. Almost always occurring within 24 hours of treatment initiation, Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions can cause hypotension, fevers, chills, headaches, myalgia, skin rashes, and exacerbations of existing skin lesions, among others; the most feared complication from such reactions is shock. They are usually transient and self-limiting but can cause significant discomfort and concern for patients. Treatment is usually supportive, consisting mostly of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids, and intravenous fluids. Reactions with delayed onset are exceedingly rare, and to our knowledge, have been documented only one other time in literature. In this clinical vignette, we present a case in which a patient developed what we initially suspected to be Janeway lesions; however, the presence of systemic symptoms suggest that what was observed was delayed-onset Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction 16 days after initiation of antibiotics.
Factors associated with perioperative blood transfusion in women who had postpartum haemorrhage following caesarean delivery
Authors: Peter Abiye Awoyesuku  , Simeon Chijioke Amadi  , Linda Anucha Dublin-Green  , Chinweowa Ohaka  , Hannah Emmanuel Omunakwe
Published: October 2023

Background: Caesarean delivery is associated with intraoperative blood loss and is a common risk factor for blood transfusion in obstetric practice. Delayed diagnosis and management of obstetric haemorrhage contributes greatly to maternal morbidity and mortality, but patient safety can be enhanced by identifying those at risk. Objective: To evaluate postpartum haemorrhage patients at greater risk for perioperative blood transfusion at caesarean delivery. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted over a two-year period from 1st June 2021 to 31st May 2023. The study population were all consecutive women who underwent caesarean delivery after 28 weeks of gestation, diagnosed as having postpartum haemorrhage (estimated blood loss ≥1000 ml). Women were considered as having the primary outcome if they had intraoperative blood transfusion and/or postoperative transfusion within 24 hours. Data were analyzed with SPSS for Windows version 23. Association between variables were determined using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate, and a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the study population, 55.6% had blood transfusion (43/76). These women received a total of 72 pints of whole blood, with 58.1% (25/43) receiving only one pint. There was a significant relationship between blood transfusion and the type of pregnancy, whether singleton or multiple gestation (P=0.032), placenta previa (P=0.002), and abruptio placenta (P=0.033). Conclusion: Among women who underwent caesarean delivery and had postpartum haemorrhage the prevalence of blood transfusion was high, and placenta previa and abruptio placenta were associated factors for perioperative blood transfusion.
An overview of dermatophytosis and treatment in specific patient population
Authors: Jeya priya S  , Jency C  , Michel shyla  , Mohamed Askar A  , Santhanakumar M
Published: October 2023

Dermatophytosis is the most common fungal infection that occupies the epidermal layer and causes infection in various regions of our body. Causative agents that are responsible for causing superficial fungal infections are Microsporum, trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. Based on their natural habitat, they are classified into three species. Anthropophilic dermatophytes usually infect humans, and T. rubrum is the most common human-infecting dermatophyte. Zoophilic dermatophytes commonly affect animals. Geophilic dermatophytes live in soil and rarely infect humans and animals. Based on the site of infection, they are classified as Tinea pedis, Tinea unguium, Tinea corporis, Tinea faciei, Tinea manuum, etc. Symptoms may vary depending on the site and type of infection. Inflammation with an erythermatous sign is the most common feature of dermatophytosis. Treatment for elderly patients, children, and pregnant women varies based on the patient's comorbidities, drug characteristics, and immune response. Fluconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine are the drugs that should be avoided during pregnancy.