bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construcción de resistencias comunitarias para la defensa territorial: repertorios de acción política en la Preparatoria José Martí en Oaxaca, México
Authors: Escalón Portilla María Edith
Published: July 2022

Este artículo presenta una aproximación a las matrices pedagógicas y repertorios de acción que le han permitido a un conjunto de actores sociales gestar, al interior del sistema educativo mexicano, un proyecto disidente enfocado a la defensa territorial. Mediante la etnografía escolar como perspectiva metodológica y el estudio de caso en dos planos simultáneos -diacrónico y sincrónico-, se realizaron entrevistas, observación y análisis documental para reconocer algunos elementos de la configuración atípica de la Preparatoria Comunitaria José Martí, una escuela que forma a jóvenes de entre 14 y 20 años de los pueblos originarios ikoots y binnizá en el Istmo de Tehuantepec, en Oaxaca, México. Considerando que la educación ambiental que ofrece el Estado -lejos de cuestionar- justifica y legitima con discursos asociados al “desarrollo sustentable” el despojo que promueve el “capitalismo verde” neo-extractivista, este estudio muestra cómo la rutinización de repertorios de acción colectiva antiextractivista, la articulación de la escuela al movimiento socioambiental regional, así como los discursos y prácticas específicas de fuerza contestataria, integran nuevos “marcos cognitivos” a la experiencia de lucha y resistencia como una forma de socialización, misma que ha sido paulatinamente internalizada por los jóvenes con mecanismos de afirmación identitaria. De este análisis, que forma parte de una investigación doctoral más amplia, se infiere que la conciencia histórica desplaza a la conciencia ambiental como recurso pedagógico, ampliando el rango de alternativas de los jóvenes para construir sus propias agendas de transformación social y sus propias rebeldías.
BİLİME KARŞI ALGININ METAFORLAR YARDIMIYLA ÖLÇÜLMESİ: SOSYOLOJİ VE İŞLETME ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÜLER Mürsel
Published: July 2022

Araştırmanın amacı işletme ve sosyoloji öğrencilerinin bilime olan bakış açılarının metaforlar yardımıyla incelenmesidir. “Öğrenme inşa etmektir” metaforundan hareketle eğitimin öğrencilerin üstbiliş ve öğrenme süreçleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için yorumlayıcı bir metodoloji ile yapılandırmacı bir çerçeve kullanılmıştır. Araştırma örneklemi olarak Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi’nde eğitim gören işletme ve sosyoloji bilimi öğrencileri olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcılardan “Bilimi ……. ya benzetirim; çünkü……… Bilimsel araştırma sürecini ……. benzetirim; çünkü…………… Bilim insanını ………. ya benzetirim çünkü……..” şeklinde metaforlar geliştirmesi istenmiştir. Metafor, yapılandırmacılıkla tutarlı öğrenme süreçleri hakkında öğrencilerle iletişim kurmak için kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin bilim hakkındaki düşüncüleri metaforlarla incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya 195 katılımcı katılmıştır. Örneklemin sadece Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi sosyoloji ve işletme öğrencilerden oluşması araştırımın sınırlılıklarıdır. Metafor geliştirirken işletme öğrencilerinin daha çok ekonomik süreçlerden, sosyoloji öğrencilerinin çevre ve doğa ile ilgili süreçlerden etkilendiği bulgulanmıştır. Metafor ile ilgili araştırmaların daha çok mesleki eğilimlere yöneldiği görülmektedir. Araştırma öğrencilerin aldıkları eğitimin bilim algılarına etkisine odaklanmaktadır. Öğrencilerin bilime karşı oluşturdukları algıda eğitimin büyük etkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Öğrencilerin kendi eğitim aldıkları sosyal bilimi doğayı anlamak için kullanabilecekleri görülmektedir.
TURİZMİN CO2 EMİSYONUNA ETKİSİ: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: SARITAŞ Tufan , AKAR Gökhan
Published: July 2022

Günümüzde fosil yakıt tüketiminin oldukça yüksek miktarlarda gerçekleşmesi, küresel ısınmanın temel nedeni olarak görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla karbon salınımı konusu akademik yazımda önemli bir araştırma konusu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda turizm de bir ülkenin ekonomik büyümesine katkı sağlarken aynı zamanda çevre kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektedir. Çünkü seyahat ve konaklama gibi faaliyetleri içeren bir sektörün, karbon emisyonlarında önemli bir artış yaratması muhtemeldir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada 1995-2018 periyodu ele alınarak dünyada en fazla turist alan 10 ülkede turizmin karbon salınımına etkisi panel veri analizi ile incelenmiştir. Turizmin, gelen turist sayısı ile temsil edildiği araştırmada, iki farklı model kullanılmıştır. Birinci modelde turizm bağımlı, karbon salınımı ise bağımsız değişkenlerdir. İkinci modelde de benzer şekilde turizm bağımlı, karbon salınımı bağımsız değişkenlerdir. Petrol tüketimi serisi, ikinci modele, kontrol değişkeni olarak dahil edilmiştir. Birinci model için elde edilen ampirik bulgularda; turizmin, karbon salınımını pozitif yönlü olarak etkilediği anlaşılmıştır. İkinci modelde de benzer bir sonuç elde edilmiş hem turizmin hem de modelde kontrol değişkeni olarak kullanılan petrol tüketimi serisinin, karbon salınımını pozitif yönlü olarak etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir.
KAMU İÇ BORÇ STOKU VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN NEDENSELLİK ANALİZİ
Authors: KAYA Levent , ÇADIRCI Çiğdem
Published: July 2022

Kamu borçlanması, kamu gelir ve gider dengesinin sağlanamadığı durumlarda önemli bir finansman aracı olarak kullanılmaktadır. İktisadi akımlar, borçlanma ve borçlanmanın ekonomiler üzerinde etkilerini farklı olarak değerlendirmiş ve ortak bir kanıya varamamışlardır. Bu nedenle ülkeler, hâkim olan iktisadi akımların etkisinde borçlanma kavramını değerlendirip ve bu doğrultuda kararlar almaktadırlar. Alınan kararların ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi, uygulanan politikalar çerçevesinde ülkeden ülkeye farklılıklar gösterebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de kamu iç borç stoku ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. 1998-2021 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişki Tsong vd. (2016) fourier eşbütünleşme testi ile incelenmiş ve kamu iç borç stoku ile ekonomik büyüme arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi Hacker-Hatemi nedensellik testi ile incelenmiş ve kamu iç borç stokundan ekonomik büyümeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik bulunmuştur. Elde edilen ampirik bulgular, Türkiye’de kamu iç borçlanmasının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde belirleyici olduğunu göstermektedir. Borçlanma ile elde edilen finansman kaynağının etkin bir şekilde kullanılması ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu bir etki sağlayacaktır.
A Geografia e a BNCC do Ensino Médio:
Authors: Bento Victor Régio da Silva , Almeida Lucilene Ferreira de
Published: July 2022

Reformas curriculares são importantes para entender os rumos da educação e a configuração dos sistemas de ensino. A implantação de uma nova estrutura curricular é um momento significativo para entender a relevância das diversas disciplinas na aprendizagem dos alunos. Consequentemente, os conteúdos disciplinares tornam-se suscetíveis às decisões impostas pelas Secretarias de Educação. Baseado nessas reflexões, o artigo em questão busca entender o papel da Geografia como disciplina escolar no contexto da implantação da BNCC do Ensino Médio, com enfoque nas decisões tomadas pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação do estado do Acre – SEE-Acre. Como recurso metodológico foram analisadas as Rotas de Aprofundamento e os itinerários formativos do novo currículo. Essa proposta de reformulação foi disponibilizada para consulta preliminar entre julho e agosto de 2020. Como conclusão verificou-se que a Geografia está perdendo espaço nos conteúdos que são de sua incumbência e necessita de uma maior interação com as disciplinas dos demais Arranjos Curriculares.
Palavras-chave
Geografia, Reformas curriculares, BNCC, Acre.
 
The Geography and the BNCC of High School: an analysis of the formative itineraries of SEE-Acre
Abstract
Curricular reforms are important to understand the direction of education and the configuration of education systems. The implementation of a new curricular structure is a significant moment to understand the relevance of different disciplines in students learning. Consequently, disciplinary contents become susceptible to decisions imposed by the Education Departments. Based on these reflections, this article seeks to understand the role of Geography as a school discipline in the context of the implementation of the BNCC of Secondary School, focusing on the decisions taken by the SEE-Acre. As a methodological resource, the Rotas de Aprofundamento and the formative itineraries of the new curriculum are analysed. This curriculum formulation proposal was made available for preliminary consultation between July and August 2020. As a conclusion, it was found that Geography is losing space in the contents that are its responsibility and it needs a greater interaction with the disciplines of the other Curricular Arrangements.
Keywords
Geography, Curricular Reforms, BNCC, Acre.
O uso do LATEX para realizar cálculos e simulações de circuitos elétricos
Authors: Carvalho Delmar Broglio , Carvalho João Vítor de Azambuja
Published: July 2022

Neste artigo estão apresentados a fundamentação teórica e os resultados obtidos com a utilização do pacote gráfico PGF/TikZ, na execução de cálculos matemáticos embutidos no documento que está em elaboração utilizando apenas o Sistema de Preparação de Documentos - LATEX. Foram implementadas novas interfaces de comandos, utilizando a estrutura do LATEX, as quais facilitam a inserção das operações matemáticas bem como a visualização dos valores numéricos. Os resultados obtidos das operações matemáticas são confiáveis, o que valida a utilização dos recursos propostos, permitindo a otimização do processo de elaboração do documento e ao mesmo tempo facilita a inserção dos valores calculados em qualquer parte do documento, bem como viabiliza a reutilização de tais valores em formulações matemáticas diretas ou através de funções.
Adjuvant Kemoterapi Almış FIGO 2014 Evre II Yüksek-Grade Seröz Over Kanseri Olan 49 Hastanın Klinikopatolojik Özellikleri
Authors: OKTAR Okan , KOCA Hande Esra , HANEDAN Candost , KOSE Caner , KAYIKÇIOĞLU Fulya , ÇAKIR Caner
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Evre 2 yüksek-grade seröz over kanseri tanısı alan ve cerrahi sonrasında adjuvant kemoterapi alan hastaların klinikopatolojik özellikleri ve nüks paternlerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Kliniğimizde 1993-2021 yılları arasında tedavi görmüş, yüksek-grade seröz over kanseri nedeniyle total abdominal histerektomi + bilateral salpingooferektomi + pelvik-paraaortik lenf nodu diseksiyonu +/- omentektomi yapılan, adjuvan kemoterapi alan, FIGO 2014 evreleme sistemine göre evre 2 olan, 49 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Hastaların evre dağılımı değerlendirildiğinde, evre IIA olan 27 hasta (%55,1), IIB olan 22 hasta (%44,9) idi. 49 hastanın 16’sında (%28,6) rekürrens gelişti. Rekürrens gelişen hastalarda nüks gelişen bölgelere bakıldığında sadece pelvik 3 (%6,1), sadece abdomen 12 (%24,5) iken abdominal + pelvik nüks 1 (%2) hastada gelişti. Nüks gelişen 7 hastaya kemoterapi verilirken, 1 hastaya sekonder sitoredüksiyon uygulandı. 8 hastaya ise sekonder sitoredüksiyona ek olarak kemoterapi verildi.

Sonuç: Kliniğimizde 1170 hasta seröz over kanseri nedeniyle opere edilmiş olup bunların sadece 49 (% 4,18) tanesi yüksek gradeli, FIGO 2014 evreleme sistemine göre evre 2 kanserdir. Çalışmamıza dahil olan hastalarda nüks oranı %28,6’ dır. Nüks gelişen 7 hasta evre 2A (%43,75), 9 hasta evre 2B (%56,25) idi. Hastalığın nüksü %75 oranında batında görülmüştür. Evre 2 hastalarda nüks oranı azımsanamayacak derecede yüksektir. Bu nüksler sağkalımı yakından ilgilendirmektedir.
Sistemik İnflamasyon Belirteçlerinin Foley Kateter ile Doğum İndüksiyon Başarısını Öngörmedeki Değeri
Authors: KINAY Tuğba , ATALAY MERT Şule , KOSE Caner , KARADENİZ Sinan , USTUN Yaprak
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Sistemik inflamasyon belirteçlerinin foley kateter ile doğum indüksiyonu başarısını öngörmedeki değerini araştırmak.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif kohort çalışmaya foley kateter ile doğum indüksiyonu uygulanan ≥ 37 hafta, tek, canlı, verteks geliş olan düşük riskli gebeler dahil edildi. Doğum indüksiyonu sonrası sezaryen ile doğumun gerçekleşmesi indüksiyon başarısızlığı olarak kabul edildi. Çalışma popülasyonu doğum indüksiyonu sonrası vajinal doğum yapanlar ve sezaryen doğum yapanlar olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. İki grubun demografik ve klinik özellikleri, prepartum tam kan sayımı değerleri, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı ve platelet/lenfosit oranı karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 308 gebe dahil edildi. Olguların 159’unda (%51,6) doğum indüksiyonu sonrası vajinal yolla doğum gerçekleşirken, 149’unda (%48,4) sezaryen doğum ile gebelik sonlandı. Nulliparite oranı sezaryen ile doğum yapan olgularda (%68,5) vajinal yolla doğum yapanlara (%54,1) göre daha yüksek bulundu (p=0,01). Vajinal yolla doğum yapan ve sezaryen doğum gereksinimi olan olguların lökosit sayıları (9804,9 ± 3283,4 h/mm3’e karşı 10437,1 ± 4439,8 h/mm3), nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (4,7 ± 4,1’e karşı 4,4 ± 3,9) ve trombosit/lenfosit (149,3 ± 67,0’e karşı 139,3 ± 50,1) oranı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Doğum indüksiyonu öncesi bakılan sistemik inflamasyon belirteçleri ile doğum indüksiyon başarısı arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmadı. Bununla birlikte nulliparitenin foley kateter ile doğum indüksiyon başarısızlığı için bir risk faktörü olduğu saptandı.
Duktus Venozus Agenezisinin Prenatal Tanısı: Olgu Serisi
Authors: ÇAYÖNÜ KAHRAMAN Neval , YUCEL CELİK Ozge , İSKENDER Cantekin
Published: July 2022

Amaç: Duktus venozus agenezisinin klinik önemini değerlendirmek

Gereç ve Yöntem: Ocak 2020 ve Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde duktus venosuz agenezisi (DVA) tanısı konulan hastaların kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. DVA olgularının ultrason bulguları, antenatal özellikleri ve postnatal sonuçları değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Çalışma süresi içinde 4 olgu DVA tanısı konulmuş olup, DVA insidansı 2,6/10000 olarak saptandı. Olguların ikisi intrahepatik tip, diğer ikisi ekstrahepatik tip DVA idi. İnvaziv testi kabul eden 3 ve 4 nolu olguların karyotipi normal olarak rapor edildi, 1 ve 2 nolu olgu ise invaziv testi reddetti. Hastaların prenatal ultrasonografisinde 2 ve 3 no lu olgularda artmış ense kalınlığı mevcuttu. 2 ve 4 numaralı olgularda hidrops fetalis saptandı ve bu olgular prenatal takipte intrauterin ex oldu. Olgu 1 ise 27 hafta 3 gün iken şiddetli preekalmpsi, plasental dekolman, fetal stres tanılarıyla acil sezeryan oldu ve doğumdan bir hafta sonra neonatal ölüm gerçekleşti. Olgu 3’ün gebeliği miada kadar ulaşmış, fakat gebe hastane takibimizden çıkmıştı.

Sonuç: DVA saptanan olgularda fetal anomali sıklığı artmıştır. Bu yüzden bu hastalara detaylı bir antenatal ultrasonografi yapılmalıdır. Duktus venozus, birinci trimesterden itibaren ense kalınlığı muayenesi ile birlikte fetal anatomiyi değerlendirilirken bakılması gereken bir oluşumdur.
Strategies of Overcoming Challenges in Travel Guides Translation (a Corpus-Based Study)
Authors: Mkhitaryan Irina , Grigoryan Tsoghik
Published: July 2022

The action research is a parallel corpus study that delves into the translation peculiarities of translated English travel guides and a few websites. The corpus is based on Newmark`s strategies which endorse the availability of effective analyses. The results of the findings have shown: (a) as a full expression of simplification, one of the translation universals, translated English tourism texts are more concise than their Armenian source texts through the omission of detailed information in listings and culture-specific information in the original ; (b) translated English tourism texts are more formal and detached in tone than that of Armenian original through the frequent adoption of nominalization; (c) translation strategies are of great avail to find out mistranslations and misinterpretations of the tourist texts. The very research instantiated intricacies between the translated English tourism texts and the source text in Armenian by highlighting the thematic and formal features of tourism discourse in translation, which may also become an essential pedagogic platform in translating tourism texts from Armenian into English.
Neurobehavioural Evaluation of Antidepressant and Anticonvulsant Potentials of Tizanidine in Balb/c Mice
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, Patrick Esther , Otimenyin Sunday ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, Bukar Bukata ,   Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria, Chindo Ben ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria, Mallam Danjuma ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
Published: July 2022

Tizanidine is a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that stimulates the central nervous system through the adrenergic pathway. This study evaluated the antidepressant and anticonvulsant activity of tizanidine in mice. The various limitations of currently available anti-depressive and epileptic drugs and the bidirectional relationship between the two neurological disorders warrant improved pharmacotherapy interventions. 125 Balb/c mice were divided into 75 and 50 for antidepressant and anticonvulsant stud-ies, respectively. Forced swim (FST), tail suspension (TST), and open field (OFT) antidepressant models were used. In each model, twenty-five mice were divided into five groups (n=5); 1 mL/kg dis-tilled water group (negative control), 15 mg/kg imipramine (positive control in FST and TST), 0.05 mg/kg diazepam (positive control for OFT) group, and 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, and 4 mg/kg tizanidine groups respectively. Anticonvulsant screening was conducted using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and picrotoxin models of seizure in which mice were treated with 2 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg tizanidine. Tizanidine at all the doses significantly reduced the immobility time of the mice in FST (p≤0.0001) and TST (p≤ 0.05). There was no significant increase in line crossing frequency between tizanidine and 0.05 mg/kg diazepam in the OFT (p˃0.05). Tizanidine significantly delayed the onset of myoclonic jerks (p≤0.001) in the PTZ model but not in the picrotoxin model (p˃0.05). This study showed that tizanidine possesses antidepressant-like activity, but little anticonvulsant activity.
Safety and Efficacy of Chloral Hydrate Sedation in Paediatric Sedation for Ophthalmic Procedures
Authors: Chan Amy MH , Tan Geok Koon , Loh Huey Peng , Lim Sock Huang , Chia Audrey WL
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Chloral hydrate (CH) sedation is routinely used in paediatric ophthalmic examination in Singapore as an alternative to examination under general anaesthesia. Despite CH’s traditionally high success rates and relatively low rate of adverse events, there is little data on its safety and efficacy as a sedative for ophthalmic procedures in an Asian population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed, including children who underwent CH sedation at the Singapore National Eye Centre from January 2012 to January 2015. Participants were given an initial dose of CH and a top-up dose if required. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on data collected. Results: CH sedation was successful in 144 of 153 children (94.1%). Of the 20 (13.0%) who required a top-up dose, 4 failed to sedate. The mean sedation onset was 29.4 minutes (SD: 24.3) and mean sedation duration was 56.5 minutes (SD: 24.0), with more than a third lasting more than 1 hour. The age of children, rather than initial dose of CH, was more relevant in determining success of sedation. Children who were >6 years old were 20.3 times more likely to fail sedation than those aged <2 years. During sedation, depression in the heart rate and a transient reduction of oxygen saturation was documented. All children recovered well post-sedation. Conclusion: CH is a very useful sedative for paediatric ophthalmic procedures, especially in younger children. Children over 4 years old were more likely to fail sedation and require top-up doses. Alternative means of sedation may need to be considered in these cases.

Key words: Adverse effects, Anaesthesia, Procedural sedation, Sedatives
Hearing Loss amongst the Elderly in a Southeast Asian Population – A Community-based Study
Authors: Lee Jek Chong , Danker Adrian Noel , Wong Yu Han , Lim Ming Yann
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hearing loss amongst the elderly population attending community services in Singapore. The usefulness of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening version (HHIE-S) in detecting hearing loss was also investigated. Materials and Methods: Pure-tone audiometry was carried out on a randomly recruited cohort of people (n = 338) over 60 years old and who were attending rehabilitation and social day care services for senior citizens at St Luke’s Elder Care centres located throughout the city. Prior to the hearing test, subjects were administered the HHIE-S questionnaire, which was translated into the language they were most conversant in. Results: The study cohort showed mean pure-tone average at speech frequencies (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz; 4-frequency average hearing level [4FA HL]) of the subjects’ better hearing ear that has worsened with age. The percentage of the elderly with disabling hearing impairment (4FA >40 dB HL) was 9.1% (60 to 69 years old), 22.0% (70 to 79 years old), 35.7% (80 years old and above). Across all age groups, males had significantly poorer thresholds at 4 kHz than females. When adjusted for the demographic profile of the country, the prevalence of hearing loss (4FA >25 dB HL) and disabling hearing impairment (4FA >40 dB HL) amongst the elderly in Singapore was 63.7% and 16.2%, respectively. We estimate that there are currently 422,000 elderly with hearing loss greater than 25dB HL and over 100,000 elderly with disabling hearing loss of over 40 dB HL. Of subjects with a disabling hearing impairment, only 7.5% used hearing aids. The use of self-reporting HHIE-S showed poor sensitivity in detecting hearing loss of various severities amongst the elderly. Conclusion: These data provide estimates of the prevalence and severity of hearing loss in older persons in Singapore and suggest that more can be done to help the elderly recognise, acknowledge and address hearing loss in the country.

Key words: Audiology, Epidemiology, Geriatric, Hearing Aids, Singapore
Outcomes of Dose-Attenuated Docetaxel in Asian Patients with Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ang Jia Wei , Tan Min-Han , Tay Miah Hiang , Toh Chee Keong , Ng Quan Sing , Kanesvaran Ravindran
Published: July 2022

Introduction: High levels of toxicities have been observed when docetaxel is administered at the standard dose of 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (Q3W) in the real-world treatment of Asian patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of 2 attenuated regimens more widely used in an Asian setting to minimise toxicity – 60 mg/m2 Q3W and weekly docetaxel (20 mg/m2 to 35 mg/m2). Materials and Methods: Medical records of 89 CRPC patients between December 2003 and April 2013 were reviewed. Pairwise statistical analysis was performed, comparing efficacy and safety outcomes of 75 mg/m2 Q3W and weekly docetaxel with 60 mg/m2 Q3W. Treatment endpoints used were prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response (decrease of ≥50% from baseline), pain improvement after cycle 2, overall survival, time to disease progression and radiological response. Results: Patients who received docetaxel at 75 mg/m2 Q3W were younger than those who received 60 mg/m2 Q3W (62 years and 66 years, respectively; P = 0.0489). Both groups had similar response rates. Compared with patients on 60 mg/m2Q3W, more patients on weekly regimens were symptomatic at baseline (63.2% and 87.5%, respectively; P = 0.0173). Longer overall survival was observed in the 60 mg/m2 Q3W arm than the weekly docetaxel arm (16.9 months and 10.6 months, respectively; P = 0.0131), though other measures of response did not differ significantly. Conclusion: Our data supports the use of 60 mg/m2 Q3W docetaxel which has similar efficacy and an acceptable toxicity profile compared to the standard 75 mg/m2 Q3W regimen. Weekly docetaxel has significant palliative benefits among symptomatic patients despite lower overall survival. Key words: Chemotherapy, Genitourinary, Toxicity
Comparison of the Proportion and Healthcare Utilisation of Adult Patients with Uncontrolled Severe Asthma versus Non-Severe Asthma Seen in a Southeast Asian Hospital-Based Respiratory Specialist Clinic
Authors: Tay Tunn Ren , Wong Hang Siang , Ihsan Rosna , Toh Hsiao Peng , Choo Xuening , Tee Augustine KH
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Understanding the burden of uncontrolled severe asthma is essential for disease-targeted healthcare planning. There is a scarcity of data regarding the proportion, healthcare utilisation and costs of patients with uncontrolled severe asthma in Asia. This study aimed to plug the knowledge gap in this area. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients with asthma managed in our respiratory specialist clinic were evaluated prospectively. Healthcare utilisation comprising unscheduled asthma-related primary care visits, emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions were obtained from the national health records system. We defined uncontrolled severe asthma as poor symptom control (Asthma Control Test score <20); 2 or more asthma exacerbations requiring ≥3 days of systemic corticosteroids in the previous year; 1 or more serious asthma exacerbation requiring hospitalisation in the previous year; or airflow limitation with pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) <80% predicted despite high dose inhaled corticosteroids and another controller medication. Results: Of the 423 study participants, 49 (11.6%) had uncontrolled severe asthma. Compared to non-severe asthma, patients with uncontrolled severe asthma were older and more likely to be female and obese. They had a median of 2 (interquartile range: 0 to 3) exacerbations a year, with 51% having ≥2 exacerbations in the past 12 months. They were responsible for 43.9% of the hospital admissions experienced by the whole study cohort. Mean annual direct asthma costs per patient was S$2952 ± S$4225 in uncontrolled severe asthma vs S$841 ± S$815 in non-severe asthma. Conclusion: Approximately 12% of patients with asthma managed in a hospital-based respiratory specialist clinic in Singapore have uncontrolled severe asthma. They account for a disproportionate amount of healthcare utilisation and costs. Healthcare strategies targeting these patients are urgently needed.

Key words: Cost, Exacerbations, Singapore
Predicting Pneumonia in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: Comparison of Five Prediction Scoring Models
Authors: Tu Tian Ming , Phua Sheena SH , Acharyya Sanchalika , Ng Wai May , Oh Daniel CT
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Although pneumonia is a major complication after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), pneumonia prediction scores have not been extensively validated. This study aimed to compare the discrimination performance of 5 pneumonia prediction scores in AIS patients. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all consecutive adult AIS patients whom presented to our emergency department within 4.5 hours of symptom-onset between January 2012 and February 2015. Diagnosis had to be made by a neurologist and infarcts confirmed by neuroimaging. We excluded patients with pneumonia on presentation. Pneumonia predictors were based on the 5 prediction scoring models: Kwon’s score, Chumbler’s score, Acute Ischaemic Stroke-Associated Pneumonia Score (AIS-APS), A2DS2 score and ISAN score. The definition of stroke-associated pneumonia was based on the criteria by the Pneumonia in Stroke Consensus Group. Analysis using area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was performed. Results: Forty (5.5%) out of 731 patients analysed had stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). A2DS2 score had the highest discrimination capacity (AUROC 0.88; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.92), followed by AIS-APS (AUROC 0.87; 95% CI, 0.83 to 0.91), Kwon’s score (AUROC 0.86; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.92), Prestroke Independence, Sex, Age and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (ISAN) score (AUROC 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.90) and Chumbler’s score (AUROC 0.79; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.84). However, there was no statistical difference of discrimination capacity among A2DS2 score, AIS-APS and Kwon’s score. Conclusion: A2DS2, AIS-APS and Kwon’s scores performed comparably in discriminating SAP in AIS patients.

Key words: Prognosis, Epidemiology, Retrospective studies, Validation, Singapore, Brain ischaemia/complications
Do Obstetric Patients Opt to Undergo General Anaesthesia to Avoid Being Conscious Despite Safer Alternatives?
Authors: Tan Daryl JA , Chan Melissa MH
Published: July 2022

There are various modes of anaesthesia available in the community today. This gives anaesthesiologists the freedom to select those that are safe, efficacious and most suitable for patients. However, patients may not always agree with their anaesthesiologist on the preferred mode of anaesthesia because they may have a different set of priorities, with many of them electing to have the lack of intraoperative awareness as the primary objective. Hence, disagreements between anaesthesiologists and patients may arise and could potentially disrupt doctor-patient relationship. This paper attempts to explore the possible reasons for obstetric patients championing for certain modes of anaesthesia and to provide an insight into the need for adequate patient education.

Key words: Ethics, Safety, Informed Consent, Patient Preference, Intraoperative Awareness, Preoperative Anxiety
Reasons and Factors Behind Post-Total Knee Arthroplasty Dissatisfaction in an Asian Population
Authors: Huang Yilun , Lee Merrill , Chong Hwei Chi , Ning Yilin , Lo Ngai Nung , Yeo Seng Jin
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Up to 20% of patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) reported dissatisfaction with surgical outcome. Despite the multiple studies looking into the factors contributing to patients' dissatisfaction, little research has been done to examine the subjective reasons and complaints patients have post-arthroplasty. This study aimed to look at an Asian patient population which underwent TKA and examine the factors contributing to patient dissatisfaction and the reasons they were dissatisfied with their surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 3069 TKAs were performed between January 2011 to April 2013 in a single institution. Preoperative and postoperative variables were prospectively captured, such as standardised knee scores, knee range of motion and patient satisfaction scores. These variables were then analysed with a multiple logistic regression model to determine the statistically significant factors that contribute to patients' satisfaction. Dissatisfied patients were individually interviewed to find the reasons for their unhappiness. Preoperative variables were then analysed to identify the statistically significant factors associated with these subjective complaints. Results: Minimum duration of follow-up was 2 years, with an overall patient satisfaction rate of 91.3%. Preoperative variables contributing to patient dissatisfaction included female gender and better knee flexion. Postoperative variables included lesser improvement in knee flexion at 6 months postoperatively, as well as poorer scores in various validated knee scores at both 6 months and 2 years postoperatively. The top reason for dissatisfaction was pain. Weakness, another reason for patient dissatisfaction, had statistically significant preoperative predictors of increased age and poorer Short-Form 36 Physical Component Score. Conclusion: Although TKA has an impressive patient satisfaction rate in this Asian population, factors contributing to postoperative dissatisfaction suggest a targeted group of patients would benefit from preoperative counselling. The top reason for postoperative dissatisfaction in the study was pain.

Key words: Outcomes, Quality of life, Satisfaction
How Decreased Level of Plasma Tryptophan Play Role in Diabetic Patients?
Authors:   WMO District Headquarters Hospital Narowal, Qudsia Hafiza Ayesha
Published: July 2022

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid found in many protein-based foods and dietary proteins including meats, dairy, fruits, and seeds. High-glycaemic index and -glycaemic load meals also increase the availability of tryptophan. The main objective of the study is to find the role of tryptophan in diabetic patients. Tryptophan metabolism has been reported highly associated with insulin resistance and diabetes risk. The activity of rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan-kynurenine, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), was enhanced significantly in T2D patients, thus downstream metabolites such as kynurenine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid and hydroxykynurenine, were higher in T2D than in non-diabetic subjects, although inconsistent observations of tryptophan levels. Returning to the question posed at the beginning of the review, these studies have shown that decreased level of tryptophan plays an important role in diabetic patients. decrease in plasma TRP levels in diabetic patients regardless of their gender and these patients also exhibited a greater incidence of memory dysfunction compared to the controls.
Empowerment as a generator of symbiosis of human resources and organizational objectives
Authors: Fonseca Camargo Fernando , Martinez Rangel Jennifer Vanessa
Published: July 2022

He Empowerment tool, considered at the organizational level as empowerment of organizational resources, has been a field little explored from the organizational perspective and the configuration of the company as a system in developing countries. This research establishes the level of influence of the Empowerment that collaborators can experience towards the organization for which they work and the impact of the tool as an institutional process. A model generated based on the description of Empowerment in three dimensions is used as a reference: meaning, competence, self-determination, and the process of abstraction and documentary deepening.
Keywords: Empowerment, commitment, organization, collaborators, competence.
Numerical investigation of precast reinforced concrete beam–to–column joints by replaceable damper
Authors: DEHQAN NEZHAD Yalda , NAİMİ Sepanta
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to investigate the precast reinforced concrete beam-to-column joints behaviors through the replaceable damper under cyclic loading. The precast concrete specimens have been embedded with steel reinforcement and specially shaped connectors. After the application of the replaceable damper under cyclic loading, the energy dissipation part has acted very well and increased the bearing capacity of precast specimens. The precast concrete beam–to–column joints were designed and analyzed to compare with the reinforced concrete (RC) specimen. The analysis result of the loading based on the controlled displacement method has illustrated that the precast specimen model with damper has shown a greater hysteric behavior than the RC frame. the PS-1 is passed the 2.8% chord rotation approximately, which showed better performance, and higher resistance than the RC specimen. The efficiency of the PS–1 specimen with a special connection has been elaborated with the finite element method (FEM) and simulated by ABAQUS software.
Effect of cement and lime on strength and high-temperature resistance of class F and C fly ash-based geopolymer mortars
Authors: ÖZKUL Işılay , GÜLTEKİN Adil , RAMYAR Kambiz
Published: July 2022

Geopolymers have advantages such as good high-temperature, acid and sulfate resistance. Recently, researchers have been working on cement-geopolymer hybrid materials. According to these studies, it is possible to adjust the setting times, to gain strength at ambient temperature and to increase the strength with the use of cement. However, it is known that the structural stability of cement deteriorates at high temperatures, lowering its strength. In this study, the effect of slaked lime and cement inclusion on the strength and high-temperature resistance of Class F and Class C fly ash-based geopolymer mortars was investigated. For this purpose, fly ash was replaced with 10, 20 and 30% cement or 5, 10, 15 and 20% slaked lime. The lime and cement substitutions decreased the compressive strength by 8.9-24.4% in Class F fly ash-based geopolymer mortars. In Class C fly ash, however, the cement addition increased the compressive strength up to 46.6%, but the lime inclusion decreased the strength slightly. There was no significant change in the high-temperature resistance of cement or lime-included Class F fly ash geopolymer mortars exposed to 900°C. However, serious decrease was recorded in the high-temperature resistance of Class C fly ash geopolymers upon partial replacement of the fly ash with either cement or lime.
لتدريس علم الصرف (Lectora Inspire) نموذج الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير
Authors: Puspita Dinda , Kamal Muhammad , Bahtiar Ihwan Rahman
Published: July 2022

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تطوير الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير (LectoraInspire) لدى الطلبة في قسم تربية اللغة العربية بجامعة جاكرتا الحكومية. يستخدم البحث الطريقة البحث التطوري على نموذج تطوير ADDIE الذي طوره ديك وكاري (1996) والذي يتكون من عدة مراحل مترابطة، وهي التحليل (Analysis)، التصميم (Design)، التطوير (Development)، التنفيذ (Implementation)، التقييم (Evaluation). ولكن حدد البحث ثلاث خطوات ADDIE من الخمسة على النحو التالي: (1) تحليل، تحليل الاحتياجات لطلبة لنموذج الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير(Lectora Inspire)، وزعت البحث أدوات الاحتياجات وأجرت مقابلات مع طلبة المستوى الثالث وحصلت على ردود من 33 طلبة تفيد بأن الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير(Lectora Inspire)كانت هناك حاجة إلى الوسيلة التعليمية. (2) تصميم وتطوير، في مرحلة تصميم وتطوير الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير (Lectora Inspire) تتكيف مع CPMKو Sub-CPMK. (3) بعد ذلك، تكون المرحلة الأخيرة هي استجابة الخبراء على الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير التي تم تطويرها، وقام البحث بتوزيع أدوات التقييم على خبير الوسيلة وخبير المواد لعملية تقييم المنتج. استنادًا إلى تحليل البيانات الذي تم إجراؤه، يعتمد مستوى جدوى نموذج الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير (Lectora Inspire) على التقييم: 1) من خبير الوسيلة حصلت على 90 من مقياس 80 – 100 على الدرجة "لائق جدّا"، (2) من خبيرة المادّة حصلت على 73،3 من مقياس 60 – 80 على الدرجة "لائق". بهذا أن الوسيلة التعليمية التفاعلية لكطورا اينسبير لتدريس علم الصرف مناسبة لاستخدام الطلبة كالوسيلة التعليمية
MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM ALQURAN
Authors: Siregar Idris
Published: July 2022

This study aims to find out how multiculturalism is in the perspective of the Koran, what is the opinion of the mufassir regarding the verses of multiculturalism. And how multiculturalism affects the substance of the season. This research is library research. By collecting data related to this research, then described based on the data obtained and analyzed. The data collection technique used is by collecting books, books and articles related to this title. There are three things that are the results of this research, First, that the Qur'an supports the concept of multiculturalism, because the Qur'an also talks about tribes and nations (Q.S. Al-Hujurat/48: 13), Allah swt., also makes humans not in one people (types of people). ) only (Q.S. Al-Maidah/5: 48), and the Qur'an commands Muhammad, peace be upon him, to be kind to all mankind (Muslim non-Muslims) (Q.S. Al-Anbiyā'21: 107). Second, the opinion of the commentators regarding the verses of multiculturalism is, indirectly that they believe in multiculturalism in the Qur'an, such as Abū Ja'far aṭ-Ṭabarī (d. 310 H) and Ibn Kathir (d. 774 H) interpret the word sawa' by treating anyone fairly regardless of the subject, whether he is Muslim or non-Muslim. Third, the indicators for the multiculturalism verse are, if found in the Qur'an, words that are (a) global interjections, such as 'yā ayyuhā an-nās', (b) equality/justice words, such as 'sawā', (c) ummah, such as 'ummatun.
TADARRUJ FI AT-TASYRI’ KEHARAMAN RIBA DALAM TAFSIR AL-MISBAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN LINGUISTIK
Authors: Haqiqi Muhamad , Ikhsan Muhammad , Fahruli Sehilana , Mahfudz Yusuf Nur , Saputra Okta
Published: July 2022

Riba adalah sesuatu yang dilarang keras dalam Islam, sebab riba dinilai sebagai bentuk pemerasan terhadap kaum tidak mampu. Pengharaman riba dalam syariat islam, diputuskan secara bertahap, kaidah ini dinamakan kaidah tadarruj fi at tasyri’. Riba dalam Al-Qur’an di bahas dalam empat surat, di antaranya QS. Ar-Rum ayat 39, An-Nisa ayat 161, Ali Imran ayat 130 dan Al-Baqarah ayat 275-279. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tadarruj fi at tasyri’ dan mengindikasi lafadz beserta ibrahnya yang menunjukkan perbedaan antar tahap-tahap pengharaman riba dengan tafsir Al misbah sebagai sumber referensi primer. Metode dari penelitian ini menggunakan metode library dengan pendekatan linguistic yang melihat data secara deskriptif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang didapat yaitu proses pengharaman riba beserta dengan indikasi dari setiap ayat yang membahas tentang tadarruj fi at tasyri’ keharaman riba.
ANALISIS MODEL KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI ABAD 21
Authors: Zakariyah Zakariyah , Muhamad Arif  , Nurotul Faidah
Published: July 2022

The Islamic religious education curriculum model in the 21st century underwent significant changes, especially in the massive 21st century by collaborating between the education curriculum and technology. This fact is based on the many researches that have been published with an emphasis on the Islamic religious education curriculum model. In line with the above situation, the researcher will conduct an in-depth analysis of several research results. The focus of this research problem is how to model the Islamic religious education curriculum in the 21st century. The research uses a qualitative method with a systematic literature review approach. Sources of research data using search results on Google Scholar, Publish and Perlish and Garuda Ristekbrin with a vulnerability of the last 5-7 years with the keywords "Islamic religious education curriculum design", "education curriculum development and design" and "Islamic religious education curriculum in the 21st century" specifically the study criteria selected by the researcher, including; curriculum design, Islamic religious education curriculum design, education curriculum in the 21st century. The results show that some research results of Islamic education curriculum want to give a new color without losing the initial foundation, by designing Islamic religious education curriculum which aims to increase faith and piety to Allah, and make students have a culture of noble character which is collaborated with the development of information technology in the 21st century. Thus, the core design curriculum presented by Murray Print can be a foundation through direct understanding and practice, so that students can absorb lessons optimally. So that the creation of two paths of education, namely vertical (relationship with God) and horizontal path (relationship with humans).
URGENSI LITERASI KEUANGAN BAGI GENERASI SANDWICH DI ACEH
Authors: Putri Mauliana , Maulida Aura , Husna Faizatul
Published: July 2022

Generasi sandwich ditandai dengan generasi yang harus menanggung hidup tiga generasi yaitu orang tuanya, diri sendiri, dan anaknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perspektif masyarakat tentang generasi sandwich, khususnya di Aceh dan memberikan solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi. Dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini melakukan penelusuran literature terkait dengan fenomena generasi sandwich dan wawancara dengan para infroman yang memiliki latar belakang berbeda. Pada akhrinya, manajemen literasi keuangan menjadi tema utama yang muncul dalam pembahasan dan menajadi solusi bagi para generasi sandwich saat  ini.
MUŞ İLİNDE UYUŞTURUCU MADDE KULLANIMI VE BAĞIMLILIĞINA YÖNELİK BİR FARKINDALIK ÇALIŞMASI OLARAK “GENÇLİĞİNE İYİ BAK PROJESİ"
Authors: KANTARCI BİNGÖL Zeynep
Published: July 2022

Son zamanlarda dünyanın her yerinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de uyuşturucu madde kullanımında bir artış yaşanmakta ve bu maddelere yönelik ilgi ve eğilim de giderek artmaktadır. Uyuşturucu maddeye başlama yaşının 15’in altına düştüğünden söz edilmekte ve özellikle 15-25 yaş arası gençlerin büyük bir risk altında olduğu bilinmektedir. Aslında tüm insanlık uyuşturucu maddenin tehlikeleriyle karşı karşıyadır. Çünkü uyuşturucu madde kullanımı başta sağlık olmak üzere birçok problemi beraberinde getirmekte, çeşitli sorunlar yaratmakta, büyük tehlikeler oluşturmakta ve bunlar sadece uyuşturucu madde kullanan kişiyi ilgilendirmemektedir. Uyuşturucu maddenin zararları önce onu kullanan bireyi ve akabinde onun yakın çevresinden başlayarak dalga dalga yayılıp tüm insanları etkisi altına almaktadır. Diğer bir deyişle herkes bu tehditlere açıktır ve bu nedenle uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ile mücadelede toplumun her kesimi sorumludur. Esasında mühim olan çocukları ve gençleri uyuşturucu maddenin tuzağına düşmeden önce koruyabilmektir. Bunun için uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığına yönelik önleyici faaliyetlerle çocukların ve gençlerin bilinçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda Muş ilinde faaliyetlerini sürdüren bir sivil toplum kuruluşu olan Muş Gençliği Uyuşturucu İle Mücadele Derneği meşakkatli bir işin sorumluluğunu üstlenmiştir. Dernek, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti İçişleri Bakanlığı Sivil Toplumla İlişkiler Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından desteklenen Gençliğine İyi Bak projesi ile Muş ilinde toplumun en önemli sorunlarının başında gelen uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığı ile alakalı gündem oluşturmayı amaçlamıştır. Proje boyunca aile ziyaretleri yapılmış, ilin işlek yerinde stand açılmış, sivil toplum kuruluşları ile çalıştay düzenlenmiş, din görevlileri ve mahalle muhtarlarıyla toplantı yapılmış ve satranç eğitimleri verilmiştir. Proje kapsamında veri toplamak için 650 görüşme yapılmış ve bunlar betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre merak, problemlerle baş edememe, rahatlama isteği ve ailevi problemler gibi sebeplerle uyuşturucu madde kullanımına başlandığı belirtilmiştir. Aile içi ilişkilerin uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve bağımlılık üzerinde çok etkili olduğu ve uyuşturucu maddenin zararlarından en çok yıprananın yine aile olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığının sebep olduğu olumsuzluklardan toplumun her kesiminin etkilendiği ve herkesin konuya karşı duyarlı olması gerekli görülmüştür. Sosyal, sportif, sanatsal ve kültürel faaliyetlerin uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığına karşı önleyici ve koruyucu olabileceğine dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu makalede de uyuşturucu madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığı ile mücadele kapsamında yapılan Gençliğine İyi Bak projesinin detayları incelenecektir.