bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTOTYPE ALAT PEMANTAU SUHU PASIEN COVID-19 BERBASIS IOT MENGGUNAKAN THINGSPEAK
Authors: Desintia Putri Rahmi
Published: May 2023

Pasien COVID-19 dengan gejala ringan lebih dianjurkan untuk melakukan isolasi mandiri, metode yang dilakukan dokter saat ini hanya melalui telemedecine. Metode yang digunakan pengujian pendeteksian suhu tubuh manusia yang bersuhu tubuh normal dengan menggunakan sensor suhu MLX90614 berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menggunakan thingspeak. Percobaan pengukuran suhu tubuh  yang dilakukan pada partisipan menggunakan alat pengukur suhu dan hasil pembacaan sensor MLX90614 akan muncul pada web thingspeak yang sudah terhubung internet. Hasil pembacaan pengujian suhu tubuh manusia yang telah dilakukan sebanyak 89 kali percobaan dengan 7 kali eror dan 82 kali berhasil.
EVALUASI PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PUSKESMAS (SIMPUS) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HOT FIT DI PUSKESMAS KEDUNGMUNDU SEMARANG
Authors: Maya Sari Destri
Published: May 2023

Penerapan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Puskesmas di Puskesmas Kedungmundu Semarang dimulai pada tahun lalu yaitu tahun 2019. Evaluasi sebagai sebuah proses menentukan hasil yang telah dicapai dari beberapa kegiatan yang direncanakan untuk mendukung tercapainya tujuan, yang artinya dalam penerapan SIMPUS selama ini di Puskesmas Kedungmundu cukup untuk melakukan evaluasi selama penerapan dan proses menentukan hasil yang telah dicapai dari beberapa kegiatan yang direncanakan untuk mendukung tercapainya tujuan Puskesmas selama satu tahun penerapannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi penerapan SIMPUS di Puskesmas Kedungmundu Semarang dengan metode HOT Fit yang meliputi karakteristik manusia, organisasi, dan Teknologi yang mempengaruhi penggunaan SIMPUS. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan wawancara dan Studi Dokumen. Subjek penelitian adalah 7 pengguna SIMPUS di Puskesmas Kedungmundu Semarang. Karakteristik manusia dan organisasi sudah sesuai dan sudah didukung sepenuhnya oleh organisasi, hanya saja dalam penerapannya teknologi kualitas jaringan sedikit mengganggu dalam proses pelayanan di Puskesmas Kedungmundu karena jika jaringan sedang bermasalah semua akan terhambat dan aksesnya akan menjadi lama. Selain itu, kondisi fasilitas di Puskesmas Kedungmundu Semarang sudah cukup memadai kecuali fasilitas yang ada di PKD/Pustu. Penerapan SIMPUS pada karakteristik teknologi secara umum sudah baik.  Akan tetapi, penambahan daya untuk kelancaran koneksi harus ditambah karena dapat mengganggu kelancaran akses SIMPUS.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT LAMPU INFRA MERAH YANG DAPAT MENYESUAIKAN INTENSITAS CAHAYA DENGAN JARAK BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Didik Iswanto Pradipta , Haris Kuspranoto Abdul , Rani Destri Maya
Published: May 2023

Terapi infra merah adalah salah satu jenis terapi dalam bidang fisioterapi yang menggunakan gelombang elektromagnetik infra merah dengan rentang panjang gelombang 750 nm-100 μm, dan frekuensi 400 THz-3 THz. Alat terapi infra merah yang ada saat ini masih dioperasikan secara manual, tidak terdapat jarak aman penyinaran. Lama waktu penyinaran adalah 10 – 30 menit, untuk jarak penyinaran 45 – 60 cm. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan merancang alat yang dapat menyesuaikan tingkat cahaya infra merah berdasarkan jarak, dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonic HC-SR04 sebagai sensor jaraknya, modul AC Light Dimmer sebagai control intensitas infra merah dan Arduino akan memproses data. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini berdasarkan 10 kali pengujian alat. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan penggaris dan multimeter untuk melihat jarak dan tegangan pada alat. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pengukuran jarak 45 cm dihasilkan simpangan error sebesar 0, untuk waktu terapi 30 menit dihasilkan error sebesar 0,014%.
ALAT MONITORING KONSENTRASI OKSIGEN DAN ALIRAN UDARA PADA REGULATOR OKSIGEN
Authors: Haris Kuspranoto Abdul
Published: May 2023

Oksigen merupakan suatu kebutuhan hidup yang sangat jarang dipikirkan meskipun memiliki nilai yang sangat tinggi bagi manusia. Untuk pasien dengan penyakit paru obstruktif kronis atau pasien dengan atelektasis oleh oksigenasi, risiko asidosis respiratori meningkat ketika oksigen diberikan sebebasnya tanpa terukur. Untuk menghindari asidosis ini, saturasi oksigen harus dijaga antara 88% dan 92% dan laju aliran oksigen. Karena itu keakuratan sistem pengiriman aliran oksigen penting. Alat ini mendeteksi kadar oksigen dan tekanan udara pada gas oksigen menggunakan sensor OCS-3F. Untuk memastikan tekanan udara / flow dan kadar oksigen yang akan diberikan ke pasien, maka munculah ide dari peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian ini. Dengan melakukan 5 titik pengujian di 2, 3, 5, 6, dan 7 Liter per menit serta masing masing titik pengujian dilakukan 5 kali pengukuran, dan juga melakukan pengambilan 3 titik pengukuran untuk nilai yang diambil di cocokan dengan regulator. Maka dari itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat monitoring konsentrasi oksigen dan laju udara pada regulator oksigen berhasil dibuat dan bekerja dengan baik, dimana pembacaan sensor yang baik dan hasil pengukuran akurasi laju tekanan udara dengan kesalahan lebih kurang 1%.
PELATIHAN PEMBELAJARAN SECARA DARING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SDN CURUG V
Authors: Ismaya Bambang , Miftahuddin Iif , Fahrudin Fahrudin
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has had quite a big impact on the lives of Indonesian people, one of which is in the aspect of education. The existence of this pandemic has prompted the government to issue policies regarding the implementation of learning in Indonesia, namely learning training that must be carried out online. This study aims to analyze the online learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic at SDN Curug V class VA. This research is included in the type of phenomenological research, as for data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study illustrate that the implementation of online learning at SDN Curug V class V A has been implemented well. In implementing online learning, the teacher has carried out lesson planning and carried out learning properly using learning media, strategies, methods and learning approaches that are adapted to students. Online learning has flexibility in its implementation and is able to encourage teachers to be more creative in teaching besides that students are required to be more independent. However, online learning has obstacles including unstable network conditions and students' difficulties understanding learning material which is a challenge in itself in online learning.
PELATIHAN PEMBERLAKUAN SISTEM AJAR JARAK JAUH (DARING) DI MIS NURUL ISLAM
Authors: Maryano Ano
Published: May 2023

This study aims to describe learning training and class teacher efforts in instilling noble character through religious activities in fifth grade students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Islam, Jatisari District, Karawang Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach which intends to understand what phenomena are experienced by research subjects. Collecting data using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the efforts made by the teacher in instilling noble character in students through religious activities in class V students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Islam, Jatisari District, Karawang Regency were through routine activities such as carrying out Dhuha prayers in congregation, Dhuhur prayers in congregation, tahfiz juz 30 program, and muhadharah program. These routine activities are supported by the existence of facilities and infrastructure, the collaboration of the school and parents of students. The problems of these routine activities are limited time, the lack of attention from parents to the development of student character, and the influence of the surrounding environment
Pelatihan Proses Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga Menjadi Pakan Ternak
Authors: Widjaja Warkianto
Published: May 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan di Desa Ciwidey, Kecamatan Ciwidey yang merupakan salah satu desa binaan dari  Program Studi Teknik Industri, Universitas Kebangsaan Republik Indonesa

Pelatihanpengelolaan kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat membantu masyarakat, khususnya ibu rumah tangga untukmemanfaatkan sampah rumah tangga menjadi sesuatu yang bermanfaat seperti membuat kompos denganmenggunakan metode komposting. Metode komposting merupakan teknik menghasilkan kompos yangdigunakan sebagai pupuk maupun penguat struktur tanah. Komposting digunakan untuk mempercepatproses degradasi bahan organik dengan bantuan mikroba. Dengan adanya pembinaan tentang sampah rumah tangga menjadi pupuk kompos, maka akan mengurangi volume sampah rumah tangga yang sekarangini semakin meningkat seiring bertambahnya jumlah penduduk.
PELATIHAN PERANAN KELUARGA DAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Ismaya Bambang , Gustiawati Resty , Riana Nancy
Published: May 2023

Learning Training and the primary source of education is family education. As every kid is born in the core of the family and receives the first education in the family, the family is considered to be the first educational institution. It is claimed largely because the education that arises and occurs in this household has a significant impact on the lives and later education of children. The function of the culture is also one of the most important in Islamic education since the kid is aware of his surroundings, both good and negative, and this environment has an influence on the role of Islamic education.
Criminal-legal significance of minority of the injured as an aggravating circumstance
Authors: Severskii Georgii Yurievich
Published: May 2023

The article considers the criminal law significance of signs of infancy and minority of the victim as an aggravating circumstance in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. Thus, the subject of research is the social relations that characterize the named circumstance. As part of the work, the author studies various doctrinal approaches to the definition of the concepts of "juvenile" and "minor" in the context of the issues under consideration. In addition, the study touches upon the law enforcement problems of taking into account the infancy and minority of the victim when qualifying a socially dangerous act. The author notes that the inclusion of the minority of the victim among the circumstances under consideration is dictated by the special danger of the person committing such an attack, his inhumanity, the baseness of the motives that prompt him to commit a crime. By analyzing the legal framework, statistical data and provisions of the theory of criminal law, controversial and problematic aspects of the application of the norms of the current criminal legislation in the context of taking into account the minor age of the victim as an aggravating circumstance are revealed. The paper notes that these signs affect the nature and degree of public danger of a crime, differentiating responsibility, being important for qualifying a criminal act and imposing a just punishment. The author proposes recommendations for changing the current criminal law in the relevant part. The author notes that the proposed changes will make it possible to improve the process of individualization of the punishment imposed on the guilty, and will also allow an objective assessment of the degree of public danger of the deed when the court decides the sentence.
Effect of external magnetic field on helix plasma plume
Authors: Hu Yang , Luo Jing-Yi , Cai Yu-Yan , Lu Xin-Pei ,   CETC Chips Technology Group Co., LTD, Chongqing 400060, China,   School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Published: May 2023

Electric phenomena and magnetic phenomena are inseparable. The magnetic field affects the ionization balance and spatial distribution of the plasma. A new type of plasma discharges has been found in nitrogen gas under sub atmospheric pressure condition without external magnetic field. Because of its regular helical propagation pattern, it is called helical plasma (HP) plume. Although a great deal of research has been carried out on the key characteristics of the HP plume, the formation mechanism of it remains unclear, which affects its applications in materials and nanotechnology.

By applying magnetic field to HP with different chirality, the regulation behavior of the external magnetic field on HP is studied. It is found that the external magnetic field will make the HP shrink or stretch. With the magnetic field intensity increasing from 0 mT to 200 mT, the left-handed HP plume stretches under the magnetic field of S-pole. Conversely, the left-handed chiral HP plume contracts when the magnetic pole changes to N-pole. However, when the chirality of HP plume is changed to being right-handed by adjusting voltage, phenomenon opposite to the previous one is observed. Moreover, the applied magnetic field also affects the divergence of HP. With the increase of S-pole external magnetic field, the HP plume stretches until the external magnetic field reaches to 80 mT. When the magnetic field intensity is 80 mT, the HP disappears. The plasma in the quartz tube appears in the divergent form. With the magnetic field intensity increasing to 160 mT, the plasma in the form of a helix appears again. Finally, in the process of changing the intensity of the magnetic field, the clarity of the HP plume will also change.

The radial electric field of HP is calculated by electromagnetic wave theory, and the mechanism of the influence of external magnetic field on the behavior of HP is clarified. It is found that the magnetic field force component of Lorentz force is responsible for the external magnetic field regulating the HP behavior. This study lays a theoretical foundation for understanding the motion behavior of HP, which is conducive to the practical applications in the field of materials and nanotechnology.
Dispersion management dual-pass self-phase modulation-enabled spectral selection
Authors: Wang Jing-Shang , Wang Dong-Liang , Chang Guo-Qing ,   Key Laboratory of Optical Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
Published: May 2023

Self-phase modulation-enabled spectral selection (SESS) technology can generate wavelength-tunable femtosecond pulses, and it is expected to replace traditional complex optical parametric oscillators, and thus has attracted much attention. However, the positive dispersion in the fiber leads the modulation depth of the spectral lobes to decrease, while optical wave breaking hinders the spectral broadening. In order to solve the two problems, we propose a dual-pass SESS technology based on dispersion management which optimizes the shape of the front edge and rear edge of the pulse prior to the second pass by introducing negative dispersion, and compresses the pulse width for increasing the peak power of the pulse. The resulting spectrum features broader spectrum with a deeper modulation depth. By numerical simulation, we find that adjusting the value of the second-order dispersion compensated after the single pass, a broader spectral lobe can be obtained than both the single-pass case and the double-pass case without dispersion compensation. To verify our numerical simulation, we conduct experiments by using a 2-cm-long LMA-8 fiber for spectral broadening and several chirped mirrors to provide negative dispersion, which controls the nonlinear evolution of the pulse in the second pass of the LMA-8 fiber. We study the spectral output corresponding to different amounts of dispersion compensation and find that an optimal dispersion value is required to produce a clear and broader spectral lobe. We also investigate the effect of input pulse energy on spectral broadening under the same dispersion compensation conditions. With 15-nJ input pulse energy and –420 fs2 dispersion compensation, the resulting SESS source delivers 6 nJ, 113-fs pulses with the peak wavelength at 920 nm.
One-color resonance enhanced two-photon ionization spectroscopy of phenylacetonitrile and its Franck-Condon simulation
Authors: Wang Lin , Li Shu-Xian , Li Jun-Wei , Jiao Yue-Chun , Yang Yong-Gang , Zhao Jian-Ming , Li Chang-Yong ,   State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China,   Xinfu District Weather Bureau, Xinzhou 034000, China,   Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
Published: May 2023

Phenylacetonitrile (PAN) is widely used in the synthesis of medicines, pesticides, dyes, optoelectronic materials and quinoline derivatives, and has attracted much attention in related fields. In this paper, we report the one-color resonance enhanced two-photon ionization spectra of PAN obtained with ultrasonic molecular beam technique for the first time. The band origin of the S1 ← S0 electronic transition is determined to be (37646 ± 2) cm–1. Density functional theory B3LYP/6-311G++(d, p) and B3LYP/aug-cc-pvtz are used to calculate the structures, energy and vibrational frequencies of the molecule. Based on these calculations Franck-Condon spectral simulations are performed. The measured vibrational frequencies are analyzed in detail. Combined with theoretical calculation, the spectral assignments are given as accurately as possible. Theoretical and experimental results are in good agreement with each other, and show that the spectrum in the low frequency region has a great signal-noise ratio and resolution, while in the high frequency region the spectrum shows opposite characteristics, revealing that the high background in high frequency region originates from dense and weak overtone and combined vibrations. Many spectral bands are found, and most of them may be assigned to the in-plane ring deformation, and theoretical calculations suggest that this is related to the expansion of the aromatic ring during the transition.
Genetic Variability of Floral and Agronomic Characteristics that Influence Outcrossing Rate Percentage of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Rice
Authors: Hossain M. S. , Ivy N. A. , Maniruzzaman S. , Raihan M. S. , Hossain M. S. , Ruma A. S. , Akter A. , Hasan M. R. , Kulsum M. U. , Uddin M. N. , Kabir K. F.
Published: May 2023

Developing high-yielding hybrid rice varieties is much needed to ensure food security to meet the requirement of the increasing population across the world. Cytoplasmic male genetic sterility system is a valuable technology for the exploitation of heterosis and production of high-yielding hybrid rice with better grain quality. Large-scale commercial exploitation of hybrid vigor in rice largely depends on the availability of good CMS (Cytoplasmic Male Sterile) lines. A total of eighteen traits of five CMS lines of rice were evaluated to study the variability and correlation between floral and other yield-contributing traits with outcrossing rate using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. High significant variation was observed among the genotypes for all the studied traits. High GCV (Genotypic Coefficient of Variance) and PCV (phenotypic Coefficient of Variance) coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance in percent of mean were observed for number of panicles per plant, filled grain, flag leaf breadth, stigma length and breadth, filament length and outcrossing rate which indicated the broad genetic base, less environmental influence, and these traits are under the control of additive gene action. character association and path analysis indicated that number of grains per panicle, filled grains per panicle, stigma length, and breadth possessed both positive significant correlation and positive direct effects on outcrossing rate therefore, selection for the traits mentioned above will certainly bring in the improvement of the outcrossing percentage of the lines, which in turn enhances the seed quantity of the hybrid.
Influence of Innovation Platform-based Learning on Farm- level Milk Losses among Smallholder Dairy Farmers in Mogotio Sub-county in Baringo County, Kenya
Authors: Joseah Siele , Nkurumwa Agnes O. , Maina Stephen W.
Published: May 2023

Smallholder dairy farmers make up to 80% of total dairy producers and produce 56% of total milk in Kenya. Income from milk is the main source of their annual recurrent revenue. The critical point in the milk supply chain where improvements can contribute to increased income is through the reduction of farm-level milk losses. An innovation platform-based capacity building programme is a programme that brings together all relevant actors to assist in addressing the gaps left by the conventional government extension services when minimising farm level milk loss among smallholder dairy farmers in Mogotio sub-county. This study used a tailor-made capacity building model at Mogotio innovation platform on proper milking techniques that would make milk production economical. The study assessed the current milking practices of suckling, non-weaning and overall milk production during the lactation time through interactive learning sessions in the platform. The study was conducted in Mogotio Ward of Mogotio sub-county in Baringo County, Kenya. The target population consisted of 840 accessible smallholder dairy farmers and a purposive sample of 120 dairy farmers were involved in the baseline survey. A group of 30 farmers was selected to participate in focus group discussions. Farmers were selected for the end of project survey to determine the influence of the innovation-based capacity building programme. The interactive learning in the study assisted in broadening the knowledge base of farmers leading to improved milking techniques, high yields, more income, improved food security and hence improved livelihoods. The results from this study helped in enhancing capacity of smallholder dairy farmers and may inform policy in the dairy sector.
Effect of Oil Palm Bunch Refuse Ash in Sustainable Production of Egusi-Melon (Colocynthis citrullus) in an Ultisol
Authors: Ikeh A. O. , Orji J. O. , Sampson H. U. , Akata O. R.
Published: May 2023

Soil fertility management is a major challenge in high humid tropical regions of Nigeria. Field experiment were conducted at National Cereals Research Institute, Uyo Out-Station in 2011 and 2012 to investigate the response of egusi melon (Colocynthis citrullus) to different rates of OBRA (1,2,3,4, 5 and 6 t/ha) and 200kg/haNPK as recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer for egusi in the study area. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated three times. Data collected on growth and yield of egusi-melon were subjected to analysis of variance. Significant means were compared using least significant difference at 5% probability level. Application of 6 t/ha OBRA produced significant seed yield of 243.40 and 253.10 kg/ha in 2011 and 2012. Treatment of 200kg/ha NPK produced seed yield of 193.60 and 201.75 kg/ha respectively. The control (no soil amendment) produced the least seed yield of 125.33 and 128.11 kg/ha in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Comparing with recommended rate of NPK (200kg/ha), treatment of 6t/ha OBRA had seed yield of 21 and 20% greater than the recommended rate of NPK. Soil chemical properties at harvest indicated high soil pH (7.80 and 7.90) and organic matter (3.50 and 3.55%) respectively compared with low soil pH (5.00 and 4.90) and organic matter (2.08 and 20.1%) observed in NPK treatment. The study therefore concluded that application of 4t/h OBRA could be cheap alternative means of sustainable production of egusi melon in acid coastal plain soils of Nigeria.
Determining Factors of Poverty in East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Prawoto Nano , Rompis Ellen Carlina
Published: May 2023

This study aims to examine and explain the effect of GRDP, Regional Minimum Wage, Open Unemployment Rate and Average length of schooling on the number of poor people in East Java Province. The analytical method used in this study is the panel data regression method using samples in 17 districts from 2017 to 2021. The results show that the Gross Regional Domestic Product and District Minimum Wage have a negative and significant effect on the Poverty Rate in East Java Province, while the Unemployment Rate Being open and the average length of schooling have a positive and significant impact on the number of poor people.
Processing and Sensory Quality of Dried Rebon Shrimps from the Katapang Doyong Coastal Area, Pangandaran Regency
Authors: Junianto  , Nurmalasari Nury , Nurhasanah Atik , Ramadan Rizki Yudha , Zakiyatunisa Justica Firda , Haq Muhammad Faiq Zhilalul , Alika Raj Surya
Published: May 2023

This research aims to analyze the production process and organoleptic quality of dried shrimp produced in Katapang Doyong, Pangandaran-West Java, Indonesia. The research method used was a survey method. The research procedure was conducted in two stages. The first stage observed the process of making dried shrimp products, and the second stage tested the organoleptic quality of the dried shrimp produced. The analysis of dried shrimp production was conducted by observing the production site and interviewing workers and business owners. The organoleptic quality testing was performed using scoring tests. The research results concluded that the production process of dried shrimp in Lapang Katapang Doyong, Pangandaran consisted of three stages, namely cleaning, drying through the sun-drying process, and packaging. The organoleptic quality of the dried shrimp produced averaged above 8. Overall, it meets the requirements of food quality and safety as stipulated in the National Standardization Agency, with a minimum organoleptic value of 7 for dried shrimp.
The Response of Local White Guinea Yam Cultivars to the Vine Cutting Propagation Technique Using Locally Available Rooting Substrates
Authors: Sayibu Ziblila , Yahaya Damba , Chamba Emmanuel B. , Darkwa Kwabena , Dauda Mariam , Agyapong Freda A.
Published: May 2023

Good quality planting materials for yam cultivation is a major challenge and adapting the most preferred local varieties to high ratio propagation methods such as the vine cutting could help ameliorate this constraint. An experiment was conducted in the screen house at CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute to assess the response of ‘Labako’, ‘Nyamenti’ and ‘Kpamyo’ (check) to vine cutting under different substrates. The experiment was 3 x 6 factorial arranged in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Single node cuttings were obtained from 3 months old plants and established in the various rooting substrates (carbonized rice husk; fermented rice bran; aged rice husk; top-soil ,cocopeat and carbonized rice husk + top-soil; 2:1).Highly significant differences (P<0.001) existed in main effects and interaction of the factors. All cultivars attained 100% survival in CRH (carbonized rice husk) and cocopeat. Kpamyo and Nyamenti had 89.6% regeneration in cocopeat, FRB (fermented rice bran) and CRH. Labako exhibited the maximum shoot growth (31 cm) in CRH whiles the minimum (10 cm) was observed in ARH (aged rice husk) for Kpamyo. Six nodes were produced by Nyamenti in CRH, whiles Kpamyo produced 3 nodes in the same substrate. Labako initiated 88% tuberization, higher than Kpamyo with 75%. Generally, the cultivars were successfully adapted to the vine cutting technique in CRH, FRB as well as cocopeat. CRH and FRB are locally available, hence less expensive to acquire and therefore recommended for cost-effective single node propagation of the popular local yam cultivars.
Fish Skin Mucus and Its Importance in Fish and Humans
Authors: Ranjan Devarshi , Singh Mayank Bhushan , Verma Priyanka , Pathak Anshika , Kanaujiya Shubham
Published: May 2023

The fish skin mucus contains innate immune components, secreted by goblet cells that provide the primary defense against various pathogenic microbes and act as a barrier between the fish and its immediate host. The main purposes of fish skin mucus include capturing and eliminating microorganisms. Additionally, a number of substances are found in mucus that support innate immunity, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), lysozymes, lectins, and proteases. The study of fish mucus is also expanding rapidly with the advent of high throughput technologies that allow concurrent examination of multiple genes and molecules, resulting in a better comprehension of the elements of fish mucus and its purposes. According to most studies, the mucus of fish skin has antibacterial properties that protect the fish from diseases. Due to these antibacterial properties, fish skin mucus is now being used in human medicine as a cheap drug to combat a variety of pathogens and treat clinical diseases. Seeing all this, today's article is based on fish skin mucus and its importance in fish and humans.
Economics of Potato cv. Kufri Lima under Different Planting Dates and Nitrogen Levels
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Panghal V. P. S. , Yugvinder  , Kumar Amit , Gola Sunil Kumar
Published: May 2023

The experiment entitled “Effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels on potato cv. Kufri Lima” was conducted at Research Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Choudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season of 2020-21. The treatments comprising of three planting dates (25th September, 10th October and 25th October) and four levels of nitrogen (0, 75, 100 and 125% of recommended dose of nitrogen, RDN) were laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications. Results of study revealed that significantly increase in growth and yield on 10th October planting as compared to earlier and late planting. Total marketable potato tuber yield was recorded with 10th October planting with 100% RDN application (408 q/ha), closely followed by 125% RDN application (407.7 q/ha) and minimum was recorded under control. It can be concluded that 10th October with application of 100% of RDN (150 kg N/ha) provided with highest marketable yield and benefit to cost ratio (1.82). This may be due to higher marketable and total tuber yield under this treatment.
Soil Carbon Sequestration: A Step towards Sustainability
Authors: Kaushal Shilpa , Sharma Nitish , Singh Inderveer , Singh Harshveer
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, sustainable agriculture is a major concern of the whole world, all leading agricultural countries like China, USA and India etc. are working together in several organizations such as FAO, World Food Organisation to overcome the problem of environmental health and food security in upcoming years to meet the food demand goal in 2050 in sustainable manner. Carbon present in soil naturally is termed as soil carbon which is directly related to organic matter present in soil, higher the soil carbon more will be the crop yield. Most of the soil carbon has been released in the atmosphere due to conversion of uncultivated land into cultivated agricultural land. Bringing back that released carbon back to the soil with several methods is known as soil carbon sequestration. In this paper, relation of soil carbon sequestration has been discussed with respect to organic farming, natural farming respectively. Changes carried out in traditional agronomical practices have potential in enhancement of soil carbon sequestration. Practices such as conservation tillage, growing cover crop, proper nutrient management, residue management etc. have significant capacity to sequester carbon in the soil, along with that various challenges which are being faced during carbon sequestration are also considered in this paper. Soil carbon sequestration is a temporary solution to Carbon dioxide enrichment, but it is challenging to operationalize due to obstacles such as measuring the soil's carbon stock, permanence, carbon pools, separation, and the soil's propensity to approach saturation levels. This chapter aims to raise knowledge of the capability of soils to absorb and store atmospheric carbon dioxide in long-lasting pools, reducing climate change.
Modal Analysis of Chushandian Gravity Dam
Authors: Jiabing Liu
Published: May 2023

This article uses the finite element software ABAQUS to establish a three-dimensional finite element model based on the overflow dam section 12 # ~15 # and surface outlet dam section of the Chushandian gravity dam. The stress and displacement distribution of the 12 # ~15 # dam section of the Chushandian gravity dam under normal water storage level are analyzed; On this basis, modal analysis is conducted on the 12 # ~15 # dam section to study the impact of the dam's own modal conditions on the normal operation of the dam. The research shows that: (1) Under the condition of normal height water level, there is a small tensile stress at the dam heel, and the compressive stress at the dam toe is within the normal range. There is significant stress at the intersection of the upper curved part of the overflow dam and the transverse joint. The dam body strength meets the requirements and can be considered safe for the reservoir. (2) Modal analysis of the model reveals that significant deformation can occur at the right side of the dam crest during lower frequency vibrations. With the increasing frequency, the easily deformed parts of the dam are still at the top of the dam, and the displacement of the easily deformed parts is increasing. The position of the easily deformed parts is moving along the Dam axis, and the deformation direction of the easily deformed parts will change regularly.
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella among Food and Food Vendors in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: S. A. Wemedo , Williams Janet Olufunmilayo , Ndem Doctor Ledum
Published: May 2023

Salmonella contamination in ready-to-eat food is seen as a health risk, and improper food processing puts customers at risk. This study therefore was carried out to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella isolated from food vendor’s hands and work bench in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Ninety (90) samples were collected for a period of three months from three different location in Port Harcourt with five sampling points in each locations. Samples were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella organism using standard microbiological procedure for enumeration and identification. Salmonella-Shigella (SSC) counts ranged from 1.9+4.9x103cfu/g to 3.8+1.4x103cfu/g for choba and Aggrey road respectively in cooked rice, 0.2+0.3x103cfu/g to 0.9+0.4x103cfu/g for Mile 3 and Aggrey road respectively in Moi Moi, 0.6+0.5x103cfu/g to 1.5+1.5x103cfu/g for Aggrey road and Mile 3 in Salad, and 1.6+0.7x103cfu/ml to 2.6+1.7x103cfu/ml for Choba and Aggrey road in Egusi soup. Six (6) Salmonella spp were isolated in Salad and workbench from Mile 3 and Choba respectively. Salmonella showed a decreasing trend of resistance in the order: Ceporex, Gentamycin and Augmentin (100%) > Nalidixic acid (83.3%) > Septrin and Streptomycin (66.7%) > Tarivid, Pefloxacin and Ampicilin (33.3%). The molecular identification of the Six (6) isolates using polymerase chain reaction confirmed 100% Salmonella spp isolates. The six (6) Salmonella isolates were identified with blaTEM and blaSHV gene 6(100%). Out of the Six (6) isolates, 100% had multidrug resistance index ≥ 0.2 while 0.00% had <0.2 as their Multidrug Resistance Index. Conclusively, this study revealed prevalence of Salmonella spp in food and food vendors in Rivers State, posing a serious threat to consumers. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics should be discouraged to reduce the prevalence of resistant strains of Salmonella.
Automated tracking of morphologic changes in weekly magnetic resonance imaging during head and neck radiotherapy
Authors: Aliotta Eric , Hu Yu‐Chi , Zhang Peng , Lichtenwalner Phillip , Caringi Amanda , Allgood Natasha , Tsai C. Jillian , Zakeri Kaveh , Lee Nancy , Zhang Pengpeng , Cerviño Laura , Aristophanous Michalis
Published: May 2023

Background and Purpose

Anatomic changes during head and neck radiotherapy can impact dose delivery, necessitate adaptive replanning, and indicate patient‐specific response to treatment. We have developed an automated system to track these changes through longitudinal MRI scans to aid identification and clinical intervention. The purpose of this article is to describe this tracking system and present results from an initial cohort of patients.

Materials and Methods

The Automated Watchdog in Adaptive Radiotherapy Environment (AWARE) was developed to process longitudinal MRI data for radiotherapy patients. AWARE automatically identifies and collects weekly scans, propagates radiotherapy planning structures, computes structure changes over time, and reports important trends to the clinical team. AWARE also incorporates manual structure review and revision from clinical experts and dynamically updates tracking statistics when necessary. AWARE was applied to patients receiving weekly T2‐weighted MRI scans during head and neck radiotherapy. Changes in nodal gross tumor volume (GTV) and parotid gland delineations were tracked over time to assess changes during treatment and identify early indicators of treatment response.

Results

N = 91 patients were tracked and analyzed in this study. Nodal GTVs and parotids both shrunk considerably throughout treatment (−9.7 ± 7.7% and −3.7 ± 3.3% per week, respectively). Ipsilateral parotids shrunk significantly faster than contralateral (−4.3 ± 3.1% vs. −2.9 ± 3.3% per week, p = 0.005) and increased in distance from GTVs over time (+2.7 ± 7.2% per week, p < 1 × 10−5). Automatic structure propagations agreed well with manual revisions (Dice = 0.88 ± 0.09 for parotids and 0.80 ± 0.15 for GTVs), but for GTVs the agreement degraded 4–5 weeks after the start of treatment. Changes in GTV volume observed by AWARE as early as one week into treatment were predictive of large changes later in the course (AUC = 0.79).

Conclusion

AWARE automatically identified longitudinal changes in GTV and parotid volumes during radiotherapy. Results suggest that this system may be useful for identifying rapidly responding patients as early as one week into treatment.
Yolk‐Shell Structured Zinc‐Cobalt‐Ruthenium Alloy Oxide Assembled with Ultra‐Small Nanoparticles: A Superior Cascade Catalyst toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Bishan , Luo Yan , Xiang Dong , Qin Jundi , Miao Kanghua , Wang Xiufang , Kang Xiongwu , Tian Yong
Published: May 2023

Structure engineering has proven to be an effective strategy for improving the catalytic performance and reducing the cost of ruthenium oxide‐based catalysts toward oxygen evolution reactions (OER). Herein, a polyhedron‐shaped yolk‐shell structure composed of zinc‐cobalt‐ruthenium ternary metal alloy oxide (ZnCo‐RuO2/C) is prepared, by taking advantage of the Kirkendall effect. The yolk‐shell frame and the ensembled metal oxide nanoparticles are 116.9 ± 25.9 nm and 3.1 ± 0.7 nm in diameter, respectively. The porous yolk‐shell structure of ZnCo‐RuO2/C exposes abundant active sites and facilitates mass transfer for OER. Theoretical calculations indicate that ZnCo‐RuO2 may break the linear scaling relationship for the OER intermediates and dramatically reduces the energy barrier of the potential determining step, which may be one of the factors that are responsible for the enhanced OER performance of ZnCo‐RuO2/C. In 1 m KOH aqueous electrolyte, ZnCo‐RuO2/C delivers an overpotential of only 180 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 63 mV dec−1, superior to that of single metal‐doped, pristine and commercial RuO2. As an anode catalyst of zinc‐air batteries, ZnCo‐RuO2/C exhibits improved power density and durability relative to commercial RuO2, very promising for practical application.
High‐Throughput Screening of Heterogeneous Transition Metal Dual‐Atom Catalysts by Synergistic Effect for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Shu Zheng , Chen Hongfei , Liu Xing , Jia Huaxian , Yan Hejin , Cai Yongqing
Published: May 2023

Nitrate reduction to ammonia has attracted much attention for nitrate (NO3‐) removal and ammonia (NH3) production. Identifying promising catalyst for active nitrate electroreduction reaction (NO3RR) is critical to realize efficient upscaling synthesis of NH3 under low‐temperature condition. For this purpose, by means of spin‐polarized first‐principles calculations, the NO3RR performance on a series of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐CN) supported double‐atom catalysts (denoted as M1M2@g‐CN) are systematically investigated. The synergistic effect of heterogeneous dual‐metal sites can bring out tunable activity and selectivity for NO3RR. Amongst 21 candidates examined, FeMo@g‐CN and CrMo@g‐CN possess a high performance with low limiting potentials of ‐0.34 and ‐0.39 V, respectively. The activities can be attributed to a synergistic effect of the M1M2 dimer d orbitals coupling with the anti‐bonding orbital of NO3‐. The dissociation of deposited FeMo and CrMo dimers into two separated monomers is proved to be difficult, ensuring the kinetic stability of M1M2@g‐CN. Furthermore, the dual‐metal decorated on g‐CN significantly reduces the bandgap of g‐CN and broadens the adsorption window of visible light, implying its great promise for photocatalysis. This work opens a new avenue for future theoretical and experimental design related to NO3RR photo‐/electrocatalysts.
Biomass‐Derived Inks with Tailored Pteridine Derivatives for Sustainable Printed Micro‐Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Tiansheng , Yu Wen , Wu Dong , Zhao Weiwei , Wang Mi , Xu Jie , Zhang Jiaheng
Published: May 2023

Using biological redox compounds holds great potential in designing sustainable energy storage systems, but it is essential for structure optimization of biological redox centers and in‐depth studies regarding their underlying energy storage mechanisms. Herein, a molecular simplification strategy is proposed to tailor the redox unit of pteridine derivatives, an essential component of ubiquitous electron transfer proteins in nature. The tailored pteridine derivatives can be combined with biomass holey graphene (BHG) to fabricate an ink with a micrometer‐scale resolution for printing flexible electrodes for micro‐supercapacitor (MSCs). The reversible tautomerism of pteridine derivatives from alloxazinic to isoalloxazinic structure is first unveiled in supercapacitors. Through molecular tailoring, printed MSC electrodes using pteridine derivatives/BHG ink demonstrate excellent charge storage, outstanding areal capacitance (95.3 mF cm−2 at 0.1 mA cm−2), energy density (16.3 µWh cm−2), power density (208 µW cm−2), long‐term cycling performance (90.5% retention after 10 000 cycles), easy integration, and exceptional flexibility (maintaining capacitance at various bending states). The non‐covalent interaction of tailored pteridine molecules with redox centers and biomass porous graphene suggests a mature screen‐printing technology for fabricating a sustainable energy storage system with a rational MSC configuration.
Lithium‐Oxygen Chemistry at Well‐Designed Model Interface Probed by In Situ Spectroscopy Coupled with Theoretical Calculations
Authors: Zhao Zhiwei , Guo Limin , Peng Zhangquan
Published: May 2023

The aprotic lithium‐oxygen (Li‐O2) battery has an extremely high theoretical specific energy and potentially provides a tantalizing solution to the renewable energy storage challenge encountered by contemporary and future societies. Nevertheless, the realization of practical Li‐O2 batteries currently meets with substantial challenges that include, but are not limited to, low energy capability and short longevity. To address these obstacles, unveiling the reaction processes and degradation mechanisms of Li‐O2 batteries is crucially important. Over recent years, the research paradigm of in situ spectroscopy coupled with theoretical calculations performed on well‐designed model interfaces, has proved to be indispensable for the fundamental study and performance optimization of various energy storage devices. In this contribution, first representative illustrations of this research paradigm are offered in the study of both primary and parasitic reactions of Li‐O2 batteries, which significantly simplifies, but not degrade, the complex reaction conditions and decouples multiple processes occurring simultaneously in Li‐O2 cells. Then, the perspective is provided on the remaining issues as well as uncertainties and discuss future research directions. Finally, wider research community is encouraged to tailor‐design versatile model interfaces to better bridge in situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations for the research and development of better Li‐O2 batteries and beyond.
High‐performance Poly(biphenyl piperidinium) Type Anion Exchange Membranes with Interconnected Ion Transfer Channels: Cooperativity of Dual Cations and Fluorinated Side Chains
Authors: Xu Guodong , Pan Ji , Zou Xiuyang , Jin Zhiyu , Zhang Jiale , Fang Pengda , Zhang Qiuhuan , Sun Zhe , Yan Feng
Published: May 2023

The performance of alkaline fuel cells is severely limited by substandard anion exchange membranes (AEMs) due to the lower ionic conductivity compared to the proton exchange membranes. The ionic conductivity of AEMs can be effectively improved by regulating the microphase structure, but it still cannot meet the practical use requirements. Here, enhanced microphase‐separated structures are constructed by the cooperativity of highly hydrophilic dual cations and highly hydrophobic fluorinated side chains. Meanwhile, the introduction of O enhances the flexibility of side chains and facilitates the formation of ion transport channels. The dual piperidinium cation functionalized membrane (PB2Pip‐5C8F) which is grafted with the ultra‐hydrophobic fluorocarbon chain exhibits a high conductivity of 74.4 mS cm−1 at 30 °C and 168.46 mS cm−1 at 80 °C. Furthermore, the PB2Pip‐5C8F membrane achieves the highest peak power density of 718 mW cm−2 at 80 °C under a current density of 1197 mA cm−2 without back pressure. A long‐term life cell test of this AEM shows a low voltage decay rate of 1.68 mV h−1 over 70 h of operation at 80 °C.
Polyphenol‐Mediated Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Magnetite Nanoclusters for Highly Stable Magnetically Responsive Photonic Crystals
Authors: Liu Yun , Luo Wei , Fan Qingsong , Ma Huiru , Yin Yadong , Long Yi , Guan Jianguo
Published: May 2023

Achieving high stability and excellent optical performance in complex environments is crucial for practical applications of magnetically responsive photonic crystals (MRPCs). It, however, remains a great challenge. This study demonstrates a polyphenol‐mediated strategy for synthesizing size‐controllable superparamagnetic magnetite (Fe3O4) colloid nanocrystal clusters (CNCs) that can be stably dispersed in various polar solvents to form MRPCs with brilliant structural colors for a long term. As tannic acid (TA) functions as a linker to robustly bind polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) chains to Fe3O4 surfaces, the MRPCs can maintain nearly constant diffraction wavelength and high reflectance for up to 4 years. The strong coordination between TA and Fe3+ inhibits crystal growth, ensuring the small primary crystal size and superparamagnetism of Fe3O4@TA‐PVP CNCs. Partial oxidation of TA accelerates the crystal nucleation and growth, reducing the overall CNC particle size, which can be utilized for controlling the particle size. Additionally, enhancing the dissolution of PVP before the solvothermal reaction improves the size monodispersity of the products, making the as‐constructed MRPCs ideal for practical applications in color display, sensors, anti‐counterfeiting, and camouflage. The Fe3O4@TA‐PVP CNCs with high stability and versatility for surface‐functionalization are also promising for magnetic resonance imaging, targeting drug delivery, recyclable catalysis, and magnetic nanomotors.