bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Fight for Labor Equity
Authors: McClearen Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Chapter 5 delves into the unionization efforts by former UFC fighter Leslie Smith and the fighters’ association she cofounded, Project Spearhead. Smith has legally challenged the UFC’s classification of fighters as underpaid independent contractors--a classification that makes these athletes a relatively inexpensive and expendable investment for the UFC. The chapter considers potential solutions for gendered labor inequity in sports media by centering political visibility as a viable avenue for illuminating labor inequalities and improving workers’ rights within the UFC. While a union might benefit all fighters, those who stand to gain the most from a fighters’ union are White women and women of color because historically the most disenfranchised identities recuperate the most rights when unions collectively advocate for the equal treatment of all workers.
Coda
Authors: McClearen Jennifer
Published: December 2021

The conclusion of Fighting Visibility meditates on the tensions between love and violence in MMA and its largest promotion. Rather than framing MMA as an inherently violent pursuit, the coda upholds consent and mutual respect as essential values that differentiate combat sports from violence. Athletes enter the cage with mutually agreed upon rules when they consent to the competition. They also sign contracts with the UFC in good faith that the promotion will uphold their commitments to its athletes. Thus, the real violence in the UFC is labor practices that violate the trust the athletes place in them while the promotion exploits the fighters’ love for MMA and willingness to labor for the sport’s visibility. Neoliberal labor practices are the central form of violence that should be eradicated in combat sports.
1 “The circle in which you move”
Authors: Bailey Candace
Published: December 2021

The use of music as a sign of prestige extended across a wide spectrum, from enslaved women of color to the white daughters of affluent planters, and Part 1 reveals this social diversity by demonstrating how women employed binder’s volumes, etiquette guides, and other signs of cultural capital in the parlor to position themselves within a particular social class. Although it includes the historical actors who confirm currently-held views about social class and music in this period (the white middle-class), it juxtaposes these with examples across race and occupationally-defined status (barbers, farmers, mechanics, and planters) to bring to the fore a fuller view of women’s musical practices.
Application of two-bit dithered Discrete Fourier basis functions in electricity measurement
Authors: Đorđević-Kozarov Jelena , Juhas Atila , Pejić Dragan , Sovilj Platon , Vujičić Vladimir
Published: December 2021

The paper defines an algorithm for generating two-bit dithered discrete Fourier basis functions (DDFBF) used in a Stochastic Digital Discrete Fourier Transformation (SDDFT) processor. Based on the theoretical criterion of upper limit precision of norm and orthogonality, the orthonormality of DFT with 32 harmonics is explored by simulation and experimentally. The experiment was detailed and comprehensive, both for norm and for both types of orthogonality. It is performed in 236,8 million points in each of three variants of orthonormality. The matching of theoretical and experimental precision is very acceptable and it can be said with great confidence that the proposed algorithm for generating DDFBF is correct. The DDFBF approach plays a key role in electricity measurement, which is emphasized in the paper.
The application of IoT solutions in greenhouses with the aim of reducing electrical energy consumption
Authors: Šaš Milan , Pejić Dragan
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we will show a prototype of a system designed based on Internet of Things solutions with the aim of optimizing electrical energy consumption in order to achieve desired conditions for the growth and development of plants located in the greenhouse. The physical parameters that this system monitors are temperature, relative humidity, soil humidity and luminescence levels. In this prototype, we have three measurement nodes with the task of collecting parameter data, processing them and sending resulting data, via wireless communication, to a receiver. The receiver forwards data to the application on PC. The application processes the data and displays it to the end user who can choose to automatically or manually control the devices that are inside of the greenhouse. Systems placed inside the greenhouse are heating, irrigation, lighting and ventilation systems.
EVELINA SCAGLIA (ed.). Una pedagogía dell’ascesa. Giuseppe Lombardo Radice e il suo tempo
Authors: Canales Serrano Antonio Francisco
Published: December 2021

Reseña
MAESTRO ESTERIORE E MAESTRO IMMAGINATO IN UN’OPERA POCO NOTA DI IBN ʻARABĪ
Authors: Marconi Maurizio
Published: December 2021

Riassunto: In questo breve studio viene esposto ciò che Ibn ʿArabī ha scritto riguardo al Maestro immaginato in un’opera redatta per rispondere ai quesiti che gli erano stati posti da un suo compagno, Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm al-Kurdī, in merito all’insegnamento ricevuto dal suo Maestro ʿAlī al-Kurdī. Nel suo chiarimento Ibn ʿArabī prende spunto da quella che era l’iniziale comprensione di Yūsuf per portarlo gradualmente a capire come la questione sia assai più complessa.

Abstract: In this short study deals with what Ibn ʿArabī wrote about the imagined Master in a work written to answer the questions posed by his companion, Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm al-Kurdī, regarding the teaching received from his Master ʿAlī al-Kurdī. In his clarification Ibn ʿArabī takes inspiration from what was Yūsuf ’s initial understanding to gradually make him understand how the question is much more complex.
OSCILLANDO TRA METODO JAHRĪ E KHĀFĪ NELLA VALLE DEL FERGANA
Authors: De Zorzi Giovanni
Published: December 2021

Riassunto: Questo articolo prende in esame i metodi di realizzazione spirituale di alcuni dervisci detti naqsbandī jahrī incontrati nella valle del Fergana (Uzbekistan), i quali impiegavano sia lo zikr khāfī (“silente, interiore”) che quello jahrī (“sonoro, manifesto”). Più in generale, in Asia centrale il modo di esecuzione dello zikr connota e distingue due scuole dette, significativamente, khāfīyya e jahrīyya, ognuna delle quali prevede, oltre allo zikr, una serie di pratiche che le sono tipiche e che vengono qui isolate, descritte e analizzate partendo dalle informazioni raccolte durante una ricerca sul campo svolta secondo i metodi dell’etnomusicologia, dell’antropologia e dell’orientalismo. In particolare, vengono trascritti e analizzati alcuni peculiari tipi di zikr, sia khāfī che jahrī, e un inedito cerimoniale detto raqs-i samā‘ (raqs-u samo) per il quale si ipotizza, in base a diversi elementi, un ricollegamento con i dervisci naqshbandī āfāqī, attivi sin dal XVIII secolo sui territori dell’attuale Xinjiang cinese. L’articolo termina, infine, con alcune osservazioni dei dervisci intervistati sui valori funzionali di alcuni tipi di zikr.

Abstract: This article takes into exam the methods of spiritual realisation of some dervishes called naqsbandī jahrī I’ve met in the Fergana valley (Uzbekistan), who used both the zikr khāfī(“silent, inner”) and the zikr jahrī (“loud, manifest”). More generally, in Central Asia the way of performing the zikr connotes and distinguishes two schools, significantly called khāfīyya and jahrīyya, each of which includes, in addition to their specific zikr, a series of practices that are typical of the same school. Such practices are isolated, described and analysed here on the basis of information gathered during fieldwork carried out according to the methods of ethnomusicology, anthropology and orientalism. In particular, some peculiar types of zikr are transcribed and analysed, as well as an unpublished ceremonial called raqs-i samā‘ (raqs-u samo) for which, on the basis of various elements, I suppose a connection with the naqshbandī āfāqī dervishes, who lived since the 18th century in the territories of present-day Chinese Xinjiang. The article ends with some observations of the interviewed dervishes on the functional values of some types of zikr.
Un cómic ilustrativo sobre el tránsito intracelular de los virus.
Authors: Alemán-Iñiguez Juan Miguel
Published: December 2021

El mecanismo de cómo los virus atraviesan las estructuras intracelulares son el modelo que ejemplifica el tránsito intracelular por el sistema de endomembranas, el mismo que es utilizado en la descripción de los diferentes aparatos intracelulares. El objetivo fue desarrollar un método didáctico que explique un mecanismo de la biología molecular, como lo es la tira cómica en el tránsito y la señalización intracelular de los virus. Se diseñó una historia cómica-ilustrativa donde una estructura viral es personificada por un espía encubierto, el eje fundamental de la trama es la obtención de las moléculas de información genética a nivel del núcleo, para ello tiene que pasar por los varios departamentos de la célula que representan las organelas intracitoplasmáticas con sus características funcionales, la secuencia obedece a la comunicación que tienen las diferentes organelas desde la membrana celular hasta el núcleo. La elaboración de comics o historietas pueden recrear eventos y fenómenos estudiados en las ciencias médicas como la biología, teniendo los siguientes resultados: aumentar el interés, la comprensión, la creatividad, la necesidad de conocimientos y generación de nuevas ideas en los estudiantes. El cómic es una herramienta didáctica útil en la enseñanza del tránsito intracelular a partir de la narración gráfica de un modelo viral que se transporta al interior de la célula.

The mechanism of how viruses cross intracellular structures is the model that exemplifies intracellular transit through the endomembrane system, the same that is used in the description of the different intracellular apparatus. The objective was to develop a didactic method that explains a mechanism of molecular biology, such as the comic strip in the transit and intracellular signaling of viruses. A comic-illustrative story was designed where a viral structure is personified by an undercover spy, the fundamental axis of the plot is obtaining the genetic information molecules at the nucleus level, for this it has to go through the various departments of the cell that represent the intracytoplasmic organelles with their functional characteristics, the sequence obeys the communication that the different organelles have from the cell membrane to the nucleus. The development of comics or comics can recreate events and phenomena studied in medical sciences such as biology, having the following results: increase interest, understanding, creativity, the need for knowledge and generation of new ideas in students. The comic is a useful didactic tool in teaching intracellular transit from the graphic narration of a viral model that is transported inside the cell.
“La hora de la verdad”: un análisis de las emisiones del noticiero 60 Minutos, antes, durante y después de la Guerra de Malvinas (1982)
Authors: Sticotti Joaquín
Published: December 2021

El propósito de este artículo es analizar un conjunto de emisiones de 60 Minutos, noticiero creado en 1979, durante la última dictadura militar en Argentina (1976-1983). El objetivo principal es analizar la narrativa y la estética del noticiero antes, durante y después del conflicto argentino-británico por las Islas Malvinas (2 de abril-14 de junio de 1982). Durante el conflicto, el noticiero se volvió el programa más visto de la televisión argentina interrumpiendo su formato habitual para dedicarse casi por completo a lo que ocurría en el Atlántico Sur. La hipótesis principal es que, durante el conflicto, el noticiero no mantiene una narrativa homogénea. Mientras que antes de los primeros enfrentamientos armados predomina un triunfalismo asociado al espíritu cristiano y a la virtud intrínseca del ser argentino, luego de la declaración oficial de la guerra esta narrativa se transforma en la preparación de un escenario de derrota digna que destaca el esfuerzo realizado por los soldados nacionales y la vileza del enemigo extranjero. Luego de la rendición, el noticiero busca volver lentamente a la miscelánea temática habitual. Las emisiones analizadas forman parte de la colección del Archivo Histórico de Radio y Televisión Argentina (TV Pública).
Objetos del destiempo en el exilio republicano. Materialidad y recuerdo en el género memorístico contemporáneo
Authors: Vigna Gaetano Antonio
Published: December 2021

La presente contribución se propone introducir y plantear algunas cuestiones relativas al estudio de lo material en el contexto de la cultura española durante el franquismo. El punto de partida será la relación de apego que los exiliados del régimen tuvieron con los objetos. Y, más concretamente, objetos cotidianos que los acompañaron en el marco ajeno del exilio. Asimismo, se analizarán todas aquellas piezas de la cultura material que los desterrados tuvieron que dejar atrás en el espacio peninsular y que, sin embargo, siguen ejerciendo su poderío a través del recuerdo. Tales objetos, además de presentar unos meros valores prácticos, se cargan de un fuerte simbolismo, convirtiéndose no solo en soporte de la construcción identitaria de su poseedor, sino también en santuario de la memoria y en un verdadero refugio emocional. Todas estas aproximaciones se presentarán a partir del análisis de los libros de memorias de cuatro memorialistas españoles: Isabel García Lorca, Jaime Salinas, Francisco Ayala y, finalmente, Manuel Fernández-Montesinos. ¿Por qué las piezas de la cultura material que sobresalen en sus textos cobran este protagonismo?; ¿de qué manera logran convertirse en fetiches emocionales? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que se barajan en este trabajo.
Deber de memoria. El informe por entregas "Miseria de la prensa del proceso" de la revista Humor. Periodismo, ética y denuncia en la escena postdictatorial argentina (1984)
Authors: Raíces Eduardo
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo analiza el informe “Miseria de la prensa del Proceso”, dedicado a denunciar las actitudes oportunistas de la prensa gráfica entre la última dictadura militar argentina (1976-1983) y la nueva etapa democrática. Fue realizado por Carlos Gabetta y Sergio Joselovsky y publicado en nueve entregas por la revista Humor durante varios meses de 1984. Se contempla el modo en que Humor se atribuyó autoridad para evaluar la conducta de los actores de prensa; el estilo y criterios de selección y cobertura de varias de las principales publicaciones de la época; y en particular las formas propuestas para evidenciar cambios en la línea editorial de los medios denunciados. Sirviéndonos del enfoque de estudios de memoria social fue posible señalar que el informe evaluó las actitudes periodísticas como “cómplices”, “victimizadas” y “heroicas”. Con ello, si bien evidenció oportunismos y resistencias, no logró dar cuenta acabada de los cambios y ambigüedades del funcionamiento mediático a lo largo del periodo. Pese a estas limitaciones, “Miseria…” supuso una estrategia de denuncia pionera durante la inmediata posdictadura de los dudosos valores democráticos de gran parte de la prensa, planteada en términos ético-profesionales y políticos desde un medio independiente con reconocimiento local e internacional.
LA ENSEÑANZA DE ESPAÑOL COMO LENGUA DE HERENCIA EN ESTADOS UNIDOS: RAZONES SOCIOECONÓMICAS Y EDUCATIVAS QUE JUSTIFICAN SU DOCENCIA UNIVERSITARIA EN LA DÉCADA DE 2020
Authors: Garabaya Casado Erik
Published: December 2021

La pedagogía del español como lengua de herencia es una disciplina académica con cada vez mayor demanda universitaria en Estados Unidos. Esto se debe a una serie de motivos sociales, económicos y educativos que presentan una realidad nacional muy distinta a la que imperaba a finales del siglo pasado. En este artículo repasamos algunas de las razones que consideramos más relevantes, como lo son el aumento demográfico de la población hispana, la mejora de su poder adquisitivo, una mayor aceptación social en lo referente al bilingüismo y un gran desarrollo en la investigación y docencia de las lenguas de herencia. En una coyuntura en la que la comunidad hispanoestadounidense ha sobrepasado los 60 millones de personas, ha superado el PIB de España y que está más presente que nunca en la educación superior, resulta indispensable promover una instrucción universitaria dirigida a recuperar la competencia en castellano de este perfil de hablantes si queremos mantener y potenciar su desarrollo lingüístico durante los próximos diez años.
Makerspace – Flipped classroom og skapende prosesser
Authors: Haakonsen Peter , Skjønneberg Gitte
Published: December 2021

OsloMet Makerspace ble i 2019 introdusert i Faglærerutdanningen i design, kunst og håndverk ved Institutt for estetiske fag (EST) ved OsloMet som del av et utviklingsprosjekt. Makerspace ble her prøvd ut i undervisning på tredje studieår, og den teoretiske opplæringen tilbudt som flipped classroom. Sentrale premisser var studentaktiv undervisning og at emneplanens læringsutbyttebeskrivelser ble ivaretatt. Aktuelle læringsutbyttebeskrivelser sorteres i artikkelen under skapende prosesser, og diskuteres ut fra gjennomført- og erfart læreplannivå. Basert på observasjon, studentevalueringer og evaluerende samtale, framkommer det at gjennomføringen på et makerspace går raskt og produktene blir presise, noe som igjen gir produktene et profesjonelt uttrykk. Studien indikerer at makerspaces åpner opp for nye måter å ivareta læringsutbyttebeskrivelsene på. Det er samtidig relevant med kritisk refleksjon over kjennetegn på kvalitet på produktene når en ser forbi fascinasjonen studentene uttrykker over produktenes profesjonelle preg.
Introduction
Authors:   University of Oxford, Parkin Robert
Published: December 2021

This edition of the Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies focuses on discussion and ongoing research presented to an academic community of scholars in Balkan and Baltic Studies at a conference held on 9-11 June 2020 in Riga, Latvia, organized by the International Society of Balkan and Baltic Studies. This annual conference was hosted by the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology at the University of Latvia and was jointly supported by the Bulgarian, Lithuanian, Estonian and Latvian Academies of Sciences, the Centre of Excellence in Estonian Studies; the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with the Ethnographic Museum, the Estonian Literary Museum and the Lithuanian Institute of History. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the conference was held over Zoom. In spite of the physical distance that had to be maintained, however, academic discussions were vibrant and fruitful, resulting in this joint edition of the Yearbook. Scholars from various countries and academic schools presented their research on spirituality, religion, identity and culture in the Baltic and Balkan regions and analysed the dynamics of religious and national transformations. The conference also examined the impact of globalization on religious communities and spiritual processes, and touched on aspects of social and cultural transformations in the modern era and their challenges. This necessitated a focus on migration, transnationalism, secularization and the search for the new spiritual means and models. Our academic community also analysed developments regarding the place of belonging and transformations of the historical memories of religious communities in the Baltic and Balkan regions.
Places of Memory: Holocaust Memorials in Vidzeme and Their Symbolic Language
Authors:   University of Latvia, Krūmiņa-Koņkova Solveiga
Published: December 2021

In analysing the symbolic language of Holocaust memorials, the author uses the concept of lieux de mémoire, elaborated by the French historian Pierre Nora. Nora highlights the essential differences, even rupture, between history and memory and the growing importance of lieux de mémoire, places of memory that lie between memory and history. The task of these places is to return the event to the present, reviving it in both the individual memory and the memory of society. Therefore, a memorial can also be considered a lieu de memoire. Moreover, the memorial is a more complicated case with material, symbolic and functional significance, a lieu de mémoire and a historical text with changing relations between them. The paper will briefly describe the basic principles of Holocaust iconography and the history of the development of Holocaust memorials as a new genre of commemorative art. The author will look at the development of this genre in Latvia using the example of memorials dedicated to victims of Nazism in Vidzeme. The monument’s symbolic language and whether it has been influenced by the specific place and events or whether artists have followed a specific iconographic canon will be explained. The examples will also be considered from the point of view of the dialectics between a place of memory and a historical text, mentioned above.
The Balkan Concept of the Phenomenon of Odessa Culture
Authors:   Odessa National I. I. Mechnikov University, Stoyanova Halyna
Published: December 2021

This article explores manifestations of the Balkan concept as a component of the phenomenon of ‘Odessa culture’. The research aims to reveal the concept’s specific components, how they were formed in Odessa’s sociocultural environment and how they are manifested today. These tasks are solved by means of retrospective analysis, one of the key methods of Historical Urban Studies. This form of analysis enables investigation of the issues of city development and functioning in a comprehensive fashion and implies an interdisciplinary approach. The process of populating Odessa and its ethnic composition shaped the ‘Odessa culture’ phenomenon. Its unique nature involves a harmonious blend of various social, ethnic and religious layers. Since Odessa was established as a city, the Balkan peoples have become an integral part of this process. The Balkan component is now cemented in the city’s culture and is strongly reflected in its toponymy and social and cultural practices. The public activities of individuals and cultural communities contribute to the positive image of Balkan ethnicities. For example, the Balkan culinary tradition is an integral component of Odessans’ everyday culture. All the investigated aspects (demographic, toponymic, personal, sociocultural, culinary) enable the process whereby the Balkan concept synthesizes with the ‘Odessa culture’ phenomenon to be revealed. Odessa culture today is unimaginable without its Balkan component.
Festive and Daily Interaction between Neighbours in Contemporary Lithuania and Bulgaria
Authors:   Lithuanian Institute of History, Lithuania, Paukštytė-Šaknienė Rasa
Published: December 2021

The article is based on data from ethnographic field research that was conducted in Vilnius and the Vilnius are in 2017–2020 and in Sofia in 2019. To meet the aims of this research comparing interactions between neighbours in the cities of Sofia and Vilnius respectively, I analysed two types of neighbourhood: the formal, which is determined by territorial proximity and the necessity of mutual assistance; and the informal, which is based on friendly feelings and the desire to spend leisure time and celebrate together. However, the specific features of field research in these cities highlighted another aspect of the neighbourhood, namely, how it functions in public and private spaces. A majority of respondents associated friendship with visiting one another at home, while birthdays were the most common celebration for spending time together. Older respondents, mostly those who were from villages, remember how neighbours would interact in the village environment and how they brought this concept of neighbourhood to the city, naturally comparing it with the situation there and pointing out generational differences. However, in the opinion of the majority, the city environment changed the nature of interactions between neighbours and created a unique concept of neighbourhood that was based on close social links, which sometimes developed into friendship.
National and Confessional Features of Festivals and Holidays: Structure of the Ritual Year in Modern Lithuania and Bulgaria
Authors:   Lithuanian Institute of History, Vilnius, Lithuania, Šaknys Žilvytis
Published: December 2021

The article aims to answer the question of whether different confessions and nationalities are an important factor in structuring a nation’s ritual year. People’s attitude towards state holidays (non-work days) is analysed based on research carried out by the author in 2012-2019 in Sofia (Bulgaria), Vilnius (Lithuania) and the towns and villages of Vilnius County. The study revealed that citizens of both states hold similar of state holidays. More popular are traditional holidays spent mostly with the family than modern holidays, which are often related to the nation’s history and are celebrated with friends. The study also showed that there was little correlation between a holiday being a day off and its popularity. The ethnic and confessional structures of the two states do not constitute significant discrepancies differences with regard to the popularity of traditional and modern holidays.
Culture of (Dis)trust in Bulgaria: Anthropological Perspectives
Authors:   South-West University ‘Neofit Rilski’, Blagoevgrad, Benovska Milena
Published: December 2021

The concept of social trust is located at the intersection of a broad field of meaning, including various theoretical tools in the social sciences: social capital, social networks, political power. It cannot be said that ethnology in Bulgaria has never studied socio-cultural phenomena in this light. Certainly, however, the work of Ana Luleva is the first systematic, competent, consistent and comprehensive study of the issue. In this sense, the book Culture of (dis) trust in Bulgaria: Anthropological Perspectives is not just innovative or makes a contribution. Undoubtedly it is, but more importantly, we have before us a serious and, I would say, a staged theoretical contribution in the field of social trust research. In itself, even just the introductory part of the work represents a serious theoretical effort.
Understanding the transmission dynamics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 super-shedding infections in feedlot cattle
Authors: Antaki-Zukoski Elizabeth M. , Li Xunde , Hoar Bruce , Adaska John M. , Byrne Barbara A. , Atwill Edward R.
Published: December 2021

Background

The presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) super-shedding cattle in feedlots has the potential to increase the overall number (bio-burden) of E. coli O157:H7 in the environment. It is important to identify factors to reduce the bio-burden of E. coli O157 in feedlots by clarifying practices associated with the occurrence of super-shedders in feedlot cattle.

Methods

The objective of this study is to (1) identify host, pathogen, and management risk factors associated with naturally infected feedlot cattle excreting high concentrations of E. coli O157:H7 in their feces and (2) to determine whether the ingested dose or the specific strain of E. coli O157:H7 influences a super-shedder infection within experimentally inoculated feedlot cattle. To address this, (1) pen floor fecal samples and herd parameters were collected from four feedlots over a 9-month period, then (2) 6 strains of E. coli O157:H7, 3 strains isolated from normal shedder steers and 3 strains isolated from super-shedder steers, were inoculated into 30 one-year-old feedlot steers. Five steers were assigned to each E. coli O157:H7 strain group and inoculated with targeted numbers of 102, 104, 106, 108, and 1010 CFU of bacteria respectively.

Results

In the feedlots, prevalence of infection with E. coli O157:H7 for the 890 fecal samples collected was 22.4%, with individual pen prevalence ranging from 0% to 90% and individual feedlot prevalence ranging from 8.4% to 30.2%. Three samples had E. coli O157:H7 levels greater than 104 MPN/g feces, thereby meeting the definition of super-shedder. Lower body weight at entry to the feedlot and higher daily maximum ambient temperature were associated with increased odds of a sample testing positive for E. coli O157:H7. In the experimental inoculation trial, the duration and total environmental shedding load of E. coli O157:H7 suggests that the time post-inoculation and the dose of inoculated E. coli O157:H7 are important while the E. coli O157:H7 strain and shedding characteristic (normal or super-shedder) are not.

Discussion

Under the conditions of this experiment, super-shedding appears to be the result of cattle ingesting a high dose of any strain of E. coli O157:H7. Therefore strategies that minimize exposure to large numbers of E. coli O157:H7 should be beneficial against the super-shedding of E. coli O157:H7 in feedlots.
Raising the Accuracy of Shadow Economy Measurements
Authors:   University of Milan, Ríos Vicente , Gómez Antonio ,   INARBE and Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pascual Pedro ,   INARBE and Universidad Pública de Navarra
Published: December 2021

This article estimates the size of the shadow economy in a Spanish region (Navarre) for the period 1986- 2016. To this end, we employ indirect macro-econometric methods such as the Currency Demand approach, Electricity Consumption (Physical Input) methods and the multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) approach. A differential feature of our empirical analysis is that we incorporate various methodological innovations (e..g. Bayesian Model Averaging, a Time-Varying Parameter model, normalization of the latent variable) to refine and increase the measurement accuracy of each of the indirect methods considered. The temporal pattern of the shadow economy’s size that emerges from the different approaches is similar, which suggests that the estimates obtained are robust and capture the underlying dynamics of the hidden sector. After quantifying the shadow economy, we analyze its determinants by means of Bayesian Model Averaging techniques. We find that the evolution of the shadow economy in Navarre can be explained by a small and robust set of factors, specifically the tax burden, the share of employment in the construction sector, the inflation rate, euro area membership and the ratio of currency outside the banks to M1.
Eleições no Brasil em 2018: discursos e práticas da violência.
Authors: Aparecido Gonçalves Israel , Prado Atassio Aline
Published: December 2021

Este artigo versa sobre os discursos e práticas de violência realizadas na campanha presidencial de 2018. Neste pleito uma parte dos militares apoiaram abertamente o candidato Jair Messias Bolsonaro filiado na época ao partido Social Liberal (PSL) e este saiu vitorioso, no segundo turno. A pesquisa analisa o contexto político de 2018, as falas do presidente eleito e as práticas de violência ocorrida na época. Foram reunidos para este trabalho matérias de jornais, obras e artigos científicos que abordam a temática pesquisada. O apoio dos militares e os discursos proferidos pelo eleito provocaram um clima tenso no processo político eleitoral e consequentemente estimulou atos de violências em várias regiões do país.
“O MISTÉRIO EM TORNO DE NOSSAS IDENTIDADES”: AS MULHERES ARTISTAS DO PASSADO QUE INSPIRAM AS GUERRILLA GIRLS
Authors: Bourguignon de Lima Camila
Published: December 2021

Este artigo emerge da necessidade de reconhecer a criação artística do Guerrilla Girls ao esconderem suas verdadeiras identidades e considerando os registros deixados pelo grupo desde o início de seu percurso de ativismo. O foco é apresentar as mulheres artistas do passado que têm seus nomes apropriados pelo grupo Guerrilla Girls, tomando como critério de escolha dois aspectos: o quantitativo e o qualitativo. O aspecto quantitativo abarca Eva Hesse (1936-1970, pós-minimalismo) e Georgia O’Keeffe (1887-1986, modernismo americano), nomes percebidos como sendo os mais frequentes em entrevistas dadas pelas Guerrilla Girls à imprensa escrita; e o aspecto qualitativo incluem Frida Kahlo (1907-1954, surrealismo mexicano) e Käthe Kollwitz (1867-1945, expressionismo alemão), nomes das artistas usadas pelas lideranças, as componentes mais antigas do grupo e integrantes fundadoras que ainda estão em atividade. Estas quatro representantes respondem pelo grupo em diversas situações, como entrevistas, palestras, viagens, exposições de arte, lançamentos, entre outras situações. Trata-se de compreender a trajetória pública empreendida pelo coletivo a partir da adoção dos nomes de mulheres históricas famosas e negligenciadas nas artes visuais.
The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction and Brand Trust between the Relationship of Perceived Value and Brand Loyalty
Authors: . Ikramuddin , . Mariyudi
Published: December 2021

Aims: This study aims to determine the mediating effect of customer satisfaction and brand trust between perceived value and brand loyalty of telecommunications services.
Study design: Research paper.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted on telecommunication service product users in Aceh province, between 2019 to 2021.
Methodology: The population in this study are telecommunication service customers in Aceh Province. Meanwhile, the sampling method used a purposive sampling approach, with a total sample of 304 telecommunication service users. The data analysis method used in this study is a quantitative approach consisting of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Amos 2.2 and Sobel Test for testing the mediating effect.
Results: This study finds that perceived value significantly influences customer satisfaction and brand trust (P-Value 0,000), which means that telecommunications service providers must always provide products with values that exceed customer expectations to increase customer satisfaction and trust. Then, customer satisfaction and brand trust have a significant effect on brand loyalty (P-Value 0,000 and 0,013). It means that telecommunications service providers must always evaluate the conditions of customer satisfaction and increase customer trust in the brands of telecommunications service to increase customer loyalty to the brand. Besides, perceived value also affects directly and indirectly on brand loyalty through customer satisfaction and brand trust.
Conclusion: The results showed that perceived value, customer satisfaction, and brand trust had a significant effect on brand loyalty to telecommunication services in Aceh Province. Furthermore, customer satisfaction and brand trust can mediate the relationship between perceived value and brand loyalty of telecommunication services in Aceh Province.
Awareness of Saudi Population about Causes, Diagnosis and Management of Depression: Review Article
Authors: Mohamed Solaiman Diaa-Aldin , N. Alenazi Manal Salamh , M. Alenezi Maryam Mohammed , J. Alenezi Noof Saud , Khulayf Alenzi Hajar Salah
Published: December 2021

Depression is one of the most concerning psychological disorderS of our modern world., That problem with depression seems to the high incidence of the disease especially among the young population between 20-40 and females. Depression incidence has been increasing in the last decades and is widespread in developed countries as it is in the undeveloped ones, Saudi Arabia is no exception., The awareness about the disease is not enough, some of the patients who have the disease are not also aware of it, and even if they do, little they do to combat it.The self-heal methods that traditional healers tryis problematic, because it’s also based on supernatural non-scientific beliefs which sometimes leads to further complications of the patient case, on the other hand the population must be aware of the importance of seeking the help of professional well trained doctors instead.

Conclusion: We need more awareness about the disease, and it’s symptoms and how to deal with probably and when to see a doctor, depression is hazardous because it can lead to some serious social and health issues, and can cause death due to suicide.
Exploring the Genetic Variability for Yield Attributing Traits among the Indigenous and Exotic Collection of Wheat in Cis-Himalayan Region of West Bengal, India
Authors: Nath Sahanob , Das Saikat , Basak Debojyoti , Rout Sanghamitra , Hembram Satyajit , Roy Suvendu Kumar , Debnath Manoj Kanti , Mandal Rupsanatan
Published: December 2021

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, during the 2018-19 rabi season to study the genetic components and genetic variability based on eleven number of quantitative traits in 254 bread wheat lines, which were collected from NBPGR, New Delhi. Analysis of variance for treatment showed high significance for all the traits except grain yield polt-1. Estimated GCV and PCV were high for awn length, peduncle length, plant height and AUDPC. Plant height (97.83), awn length (95.49), peduncle length (94.88), test weight (90.98), days to 50% flowering (87.66), number of grains spike-1 (70.33) and spike length (62.3) showed high heritability along with a high degree of genetic advance. Finally, 254 wheat accessions were grouped into three clusters based on the dendrogram analysis using the ward method.
The Use of Zinc Oxide in a Public Healthcare Organization in Riyadh Region
Authors: Ahmad Nehad J. , Ansari Mohammad Javed
Published: December 2021

Aim: The present study aimed to describe the use of zinc oxide in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Region.

Methodology: This is a retrospective study that includes reviewing the electronic prescriptions of zinc oxide among outpatients in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Region.

Results: More than 52% of the patients who received zinc oxide were males and the age of 79.41% of them was less than 10 years. More than 55% of the patients received zinc oxide for 1 week and 17.65% of them received zinc oxide for 2 weeks. All of the prescriptions were prescribed by residents (100.00%). Most of the prescriptions were written by emergency department (76.47%).

Conclusion: The present study showed that zinc oxide was uncommonly prescribed in Al-Kharj. Additional studies are needed to explore the frequency of and the pattern of using it in different settings.
INSTAGRAM PANAHAN KOREA SELATAN PADA OLIMPIADE TOKYO 2020 DALAM PERSPEKTIF DETERMINISME TEKNOLOGI
Authors: Putranto Teguh
Published: December 2021

Seksualitas pada diri individu cenderung disembunyikan dan tidak dibagikan. Penelitian ini fokus pada pengalaman dan pemaknaan subjek akan seksualitas sehingga dapat melakukan pengungkapan diri (self-disclosure) pada media sosial Instagram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, jenis penelitian deskriptif, serta metode penelitian fenomenologi dimana peneliti membiarkan subjek secara aktif membentuk makna melalui sisi intersubyektifnya yaitu pengalaman yang pernah terjadi terkait seksualitas. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam untuk memperoleh hasil dari sudut pandang orang pertama, yakni Sisil. Dalam penelitian ini berhasil ditemukan bahwa Sisil memandang seksualitas sebagai kesenangan dan kenikmatan, sehingga ia berani melakukan pengungkapan diri dengan menceritakan pengalaman seksualitasnya di media sosial. Sisil melakukan pengungkapan di media sosial Instagram sebagai bentuk ekspresi diri untuk memenuhi kepuasannya dalam berbagi pengalaman Prestasi Korea Selatan pada cabang olahraga Panahan sudah tidak diragukan lagi dalam berbagai kompetisi olahraga tingkat internasional. Atlet Panahan Korea Selatan baik di sektor putra maupun putri mendominasi di setiap kompetisi yang diikuti. Bahkan di setiap Olimpiade sebagai ajang olahraga multi event empat tahunan, keberadaan Korea Selatan pada cabang olahraga Panahan tidak bisa dipandang remeh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan Instagram Panahan Korea Selatan pada Olimpiade Tokyo 2020 dalam perspektif determinisme teknologi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah content analysis Krippendorff dengan pendekatan kuantitatif pada postingan Instagram @koreaarchery_official periode 23 Juli 2021 sampai 31 Juli 2021. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Instagram @koreaarchery_official digunakan untuk memberikan apresiasi kepada para pemanah Korea Selatan dan memunculkan sportivitas masyarakat digital dan masyarakat Korea Selatan pada khususnya selama penyelenggaraan Olimpiade Tokyo 2020
IMPLEMENTASI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROGRAM “POJOK BACA” PT PERTAMINA EP DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN REPUTASI PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Widiyanti Dena Intan , Lovett Margareta Manalu
Published: December 2021

Public Relations memiliki fungsi agar masyarakat dapat menghargai, mendukung, dan memberikan simpati dan penilaian­nya terhadap suatu perusahaan. Penilaian perusahaan yang berdasarkan dari kepercayaan masyarakat dapat dikatakan sebagai reputasi. Salah satu tugas Public Relations yang dapat membentuk reputasi adalah dengan melakukan program Corporate Social Responsibility. Corporate Social Responsibility sebagai bentuk komitmen yang dilakukan perusahaan diharapkan mampu mempertahankan dan meningkatkan reputasi perusahaan. Pada penelitian ini, kita akan melihat salah satu program Corporate Social Responsibility PT Pertamina EP yaitu program “Pojok Baca.” Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi Corporate Social Responsibility program “Pojok Baca” dalam mempertahankan reputasi perusahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif konstruktivis. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data yang digunakan adalah data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara langsung dengan penerima program Corporate Social Responsibility “Pojok Baca” di SDN Karet Kuningan 01. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Corporate Social Responsibility program “Pojok Baca” dapat mempertahankan reputasi PT Pertamina EP. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari respon penerima program “Pojok Baca” sebagai informan yang semakin menganggap positif reputasi PT Pertamina EP karena bentuk komitmennya dan kepeduliannya dalam melakukan perbaikan di bidang pendidikan.
Mapeamento de políticas públicas destinadas a pessoas LGBT:
Authors: Costa Brenda Motta , Lima Maria Lúcia Chaves
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar as principais políticas públicas brasileiras voltadas à população LGBT, analisando seus avanços e limitações, assim como apresentar um mapeamento dos serviços públicos do município de Belém como exemplo da incipiente rede de atenção a essa população. A análise dos programas e equipamentos municipais e nacionais de garantia de direitos das pessoas LGBT pode indicar que, embora o avanço de tais políticas seja visível, o que se tem ainda é irrisório diante da demanda existente. A vulnerabilidade da população LGBT exige estratégias de atenção preventiva e remediativa que garanta um atendimento adequado no que tange aos direitos à saúde, segurança, moradia etc. Todavia, o cenário político atual parece caminhar no sentido oposto à garantia dos direitos daqueles que não correspondem à heteronormatividade, o que ameaça a continuidade das poucas políticas existentes voltadas a LGBT, assim como a criação de novas políticas públicas.
UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE OS INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO DO BALANCED SCORECARD E PRÊMIO NACIONAL DA QUALIDADE NA VISÃO DA CONTROLADORIA
Authors: Hofer Elza , Silva Wagner Dias da , Parisi Cláudio
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo elaborar uma pesquisa bibliográfica, acerca dos indicadores de performance estabelecidos pelo Balanced Scorecard (BSC) e os critérios de excelência propostos pela Fundação do Prêmio Nacional de Qualidade (FPNQ), para o Prêmio Nacional de Qualidade (PNQ). Apresenta também, uma análise comparativa entre as duas ferramentas analisadas. Conclui-se que os critérios de excelência estabelecidos pela FPNQ corrobaram com os interesses da sociedade, pois, contemplam atitudes e padrões que valorizam o ser humano e o meio ambiente, tornando as empresas mais preparadas para assegurar a sua sustentabilidade a longo prazo, por estarem sincronizadas com as novas dinâmicas que afetam a sociedade e o mundo empresarial. Portanto, à luz da Controladoria, tanto o BSC quanto o PNQ podem ser considerados como ferramentas que permitem o controle através de indicadores de performance dos eventos que compõem as diversas perspectivas, estabelecidas no processo de planejamento da empresa e colocadas em prática no processo de gestão.
The dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine stabilizes neurotoxic α‐synuclein oligomers
Authors: Lima Vanderlei de Araujo , Esquinelato Rodrigo , Carmo‐Gonçalves Phelippe , Nascimento Lucas Alex do , Lee Hudson , Eliezer David , Romão Luciana , Follmer Cristian
Published: December 2021

The misfolding and aggregation of the protein α‐synuclein (aSyn) into potentially neurotoxic oligomers is believed to play a pivotal role in the neuropathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Herein, we explore how apomorphine (Apo), a nonselective dopamine D1 and D2 receptor agonist utilized in the therapy for PD, affects the aggregation and toxicity of aSyn in vitro. Our data indicated that Apo inhibits aSyn fibrillation leading to the formation of large oligomeric species (Apo‐aSyn‐O), which exhibit remarkable toxicity in mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons in primary cultures. Interestingly, purified Apo‐aSyn‐O, even at very low concentrations, seems to be capable of converting unmodified aSyn monomer into neurotoxic species. Collectively, our findings warn for a possible dangerous effect of Apo on aSyn misfolding/aggregation pathway.
Assessment of Cultural Knowledge
Authors: Madden Elizabeth Stallman
Published: December 2021

This entry examines how cultural knowledge is defined and assessed. Based on Paige's culture categories, five cultural knowledge dimensions are relevant for assessment: intercultural development, cultural identity, cultural values, cultural adjustment, and culture learning. Four instruments are presented to illustrate how these categories can be assessed: the Intercultural Development Inventory; the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure‐Revised; the Sociocultural Adaptation Scale‐Revised; and the Cultural Intelligence Scale. Each instrument is based on an explicit theoretical foundation that provides a good basis for the categories of cultural knowledge being assessed. In addition, each instrument has been investigated to provide evidence for reliability and validity, as well as generalizability to a broad and culturally diverse audience.
Assessment of Reading
Authors: Koda Keiko
Published: December 2021

Reading is a process of meaning making that entails a large number of diverse skills. As a complex construct, reading ability has been conceptualized from multiple perspectives, including psycholinguistic, sociocultural, and educational. Beyond the general agreement that learning to read in a second language is a major undertaking, little consensus exists as to what this ability entails, how it develops, and how progress in development can be monitored and fostered. This entry provides the essential foundations for assessing second language reading by first describing the brief history of reading research. The unique nature of reading ability in a second language is then outlined, and the challenges for second language reading assessment are explained. Future directions in reading assessment research include a move away from exclusive focus on language‐specific skills in the target language to encompass nonlanguage‐specific resources available in the learner's first language as well as the knowledge and interests of the learners.