bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Justification for Criminalization of “Simple” Illegal Forest Plantation Felling (Part 1, Article 260 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation)
Authors: Shishko Irina V. , Starovatova Svetlana V.
Published: May 2021

Taking into account that the problem of illegal forest felling in Russia has not been solved so far, the article studies the justification for criminalization of illegal forest felling in considerable amount provided for under Part 1, Article 260 of the Criminal Code of the RF (“simple” illegal felling of forest plantations). According to the Criminal law theory de facto such offence aspires to complete or partial decriminalization, however, de jure such offence has been significantly criminalized. Referring to the theory of criminalization and decriminalization, the authors defined that criminal public danger possesses 2 subsystems (object and damage), “simple” illegal felling has got only one so-called subsystem, which is valuable object. The second subsystem (damage) is absent. The authors determined the significant amount of illegal felling by analyzing the judicial practice which in turn fails to meet the requirements of the legislation. In order to prosecute somebody for illegal felling it is enough to prove that the only one pine tree 26 cm in diameter and 16 meters high has been illegally cut down. Offenders are more often prosecuted for illegal felling in significant amount (Part 3, Article 260 of the Criminal Code of the RF) than for offence provided for under Part 1, Article 260 of the Criminal Code of the RF. As for the total number of verdicts rendered based on Part 2 and Part 3 of the given article, they are twice higher than the number of verdicts based on Part 1, Article 260. Nevertheless, the circumstances that are being introduced into this law as qualifying cannot go with the absolute majority of offences and become a kind of “standard norm” for them. The elements which characterize the overwhelming majority of the certain types of offences should be acknowledged as the essential elements of an offence. In this context authors assume that such indicator as the significant amount of felling should be considered as a criminalizing element of illegal felling. “Simple” illegal forest felling is to be decriminalized, so that sanctions of Part 1 and Part 2 of Article 8.28 of the Code of Administrative Offences are to be amended as well: fines should be increased, basic alternative kind of punishment should be implemented such as community service as well as supplementary punishment in a form of confiscation of work tool or the target of administrative offence
The European Central Bank and the German Constitutional Court: Police Patrols and Fire Alarms
Authors: Fontan Clément , Howarth David
Published: May 2021

In May 2020, a ruling of the German Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) questioned the legality of the Bundesbank’s participation in the European Central Bank’s (ECB’s) Public Sector Purchase Programme. Applying elements of a principal-agent analysis, this article analyses how the FCC ruling presents us with a new understanding of the relationship between the ECB, other EU institutions and Eurozone member states. Existing principal-agent analyses of the ECB focus upon its relations with other EU-level institutions and point to the limited ex ante control mechanisms and efforts to reinforce ex post control mechanisms—notably European Parliament oversight. The FCC ruling and the ECB’s reaction demonstrate the relative importance of national level controls over the ECB agent. This article understands the role of private plaintiffs in Germany as a form of ‘fire alarm’ on ECB policymaking against the background of weak ex post controls at the EU-level.
The Impact of Yoga on Inspiratory Muscle Performance in Veterans with COPD: A Pilot Study
Authors: DeLuca Nicole D. , Vajta Gomez Jackeline P. , Vital Isabel , Cahalin Lawrence P. , Campos Michael A.
Published: May 2021

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes respiratory muscle weakness that leads to disabling dyspnea and poor functional performance. Therapies are often geared to improve inspiratory muscle performance. Yoga has been shown to improve exercise capacity, quality of life, and some pulmonary function measures in COPD, but little research has examined the effects of yoga training on inspiratory muscle performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of yoga training on inspiratory muscle performance in military veterans using the Test of Incremental Respiratory Endurance (TIRE). A prospective pilot study examined a 6-week yoga training program consisting of asana (poses) and pranayama (controlled breathing). Subjects had baseline inspiratory muscle weakness. The TIRE measured inspiratory muscle performance via the PrO2 device, providing maximal inspiratory pressure, sustained maximal inspiratory pressure, and inspiratory duration. Secondary measures included 6-minute walk distance, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and spirometry. Mean age and BMI of subjects were 67 ± 3.6 years and 20.7 ± 3.3, respectively. The majority of subjects had severe (28.7%) or very severe (57.1%) COPD. Statistically significant improve m e n t s were seen in maximal inspiratory pressure (39.0 ± 14.1 cmH2O to 56.4 ± 20.6 cmH2O) and sustained maximal inspiratory pressure (244.1 ± 100.6 PTU to 308.1 ± 121.2 PTU). No statistically significant improvements we re observed in 6-minute walk distance, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, or spirometry. Yoga training has the potential in improve inspiratory muscle performance in veterans with severe to very severe COPD who present with inspiratory muscle weakness. This is of importance because improving inspira-tory muscle performance has been shown to improve COPD outcomes.
Hypersensitivity Reactions to Cancer Chemotherapy: Practical Recommendations of ARADyAL for Diagnosis and Desensitization
Authors: Vega A , Jimenez-Rodriguez TW , Barranco R , Bartra J , Diéguez MC , Doña I , Fernández-Rivas M , Gandolfo-Cano M , Gastaminza-Lasarte G , González-Mancebo E , de la Hoz Caballer B , Sánchez-Morillas L , Torres MJ , Berges-Gimeno MP , Muñoz-Cano R
Published: May 2021

Rapid drug desensitization has enabled first-line therapies in patients with drug hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs including monoclonal antibodies. Desensitization is a safe and highly effective procedure, not only for IgE-mediated reactions, but also for those mediated by non-IgE mechanisms. The likelihood of breakthrough reactions during desensitization is low, and most are mild; in fact, moderate-to-severe reactions are infrequent. In this document, 16 allergy departments belonging to the Spanish research network ARADyAL present a review of the available scientific evidence and provide general guidelines for the diagnosis and management of drug hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs and monoclonal antibodies. Emphasis is placed on the desensitization procedure.
Signer-Independent Sign Language Recognition with Adversarial Neural Networks
Authors:   Centre for Telecommunications and Multimedia, INESC TEC, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal, and also with Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal, and also with Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal, Ferreira Pedro M. , Pernes Diogo , Rebelo Ana , Cardoso Jaime S.
Published: May 2021

Sign Language Recognition (SLR) has become an appealing topic in modern societies because such technology can ideally be used to bridge the gap between deaf and hearing people. Although important steps have been made towards the development of real-world SLR systems, signer-independent SLR is still one of the bottleneck problems of this research field. In this regard, we propose a deep neural network along with an adversarial training objective, specifically designed to address the signer-independent problem. Specifically, the proposed model consists of an encoder, mapping from input images to latent representations, and two classifiers operating on these underlying representations: (i) the sign-classifier, for predicting the class/sign labels, and (ii) the signer-classifier, for predicting their signer identities. During the learning stage, the encoder is simultaneously trained to help the sign-classifier as much as possible while trying to fool the signer-classifier. This adversarial training procedure allows learning signer-invariant latent representations that are in fact highly discriminative for sign recognition. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and its capability of dealing with the large inter-signer variations.
A Conceptual Artificial Neural Network Model in Warehouse Receiving Management
Authors:   School of Engineering and Technology, CQUniversity, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia, Yang Judy X , Li Lily D , Rasul Mohammad G.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to explore a suitable Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method applying to warehouse receiving management. A conceptual ANN model is proposed to perform identification and counting of components. The proposed model consists of a standard image library, an ANN system to present objects for identification from the real-time images and to count the number of objects in the image. The authors adopted four basic mechanical design shapes as the attributes of images for shape analysis and pre-defined features; the joint probability from Bayes theorem and image pixel values for object counting is applied in this research. Compared to other ANNs, the proposed conceptual model is straightforward to perform classification and counting. The model is tested by employing a mini image dataset which is industrial enterprise relevant. The initial result shows that the proposed model has achieved an accuracy rate of 80% in classification and a 97% accuracy rate in counting. The development of the model is associated with a few challenges, including exploring algorithms to enhance the accuracy rate for component identification and testing the model in a larger dataset.
Evaluate the Use of Moodle Platforms for Education in University of Duhok Using Online Survey Application
Authors:   Computer Science Department, Duhok University, Dahuk, Iraq, Rasool Jihan A. , Dawood Sarhan S.
Published: May 2021

Development countries uses E-Learning as a form of education to cooperate with the challenges of globalization, the birth of the internet and so on. Moodle is a Learning Management System (LMS) which is a free open source platform designed to assist educators in creating online courses with opportunities for dynamic interaction. In this paper the meaning of Moodle was carried out, then the web form (Google Form) is created as a Database to store the answers, gathering feedback and as statistical software to provide analytics of the effect of using Moodle by the lecturer’s opinion or perspective in College of Engineering, University of Duhok (UoD), Kurdistan Region of Iraq; their questioners are completed on the internet. The study results point out that 72.55% of lecturers were interested in services provided by Moodle@uod, mostly utilized as a depot for getting the course’s materials but the interactive learning tools are not effectively invested. Where 29.73% used the application in making quizzes; 32.43% for communicating with their students this is because of the instability of internet services. For that, the authors suggest satisfying academic staff desires in taking training courses to be more familiar with using Moodle Platform.
Multiobjective Heuristic Scheduling of Automated Manufacturing Systems Based on Petri Nets
Authors:   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China, Yu Chong , Huang Bo , Hao Jiangen
Published: May 2021

In practice, automated manufacturing systems usually have multiple, incommensurate, and conflicting objectives to achieve. To deal with them, this paper proposes an extend Petri nets for the multiobjective scheduling of AMSs. In addition, a multiobjective heuristic A* search within reachability graphs of extended Petri nets is also proposed to schedule these nets. The method can obtain all Pareto-optimal schedules for the underlying systems if admissible heuristic functions are used. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is illustrated by some experimental systems.
Visual Analytics in Effects of Gross Domestic Product to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Using Tableau
Authors:   School of Computer Science & Technology, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA, Kim Eunbi , Huang Ching-Yu
Published: May 2021

As data becomes more accessible, visualization methods are needed to help make it easier to understand the information. Analyzing and visualizing data makes it easier to understand a dataset without having to read through it, and elucidate connections between two or more different datasets. Tableau is one of the most popular interactive data visualization software. By using Tableau, it is easy to find correlations between datasets, reorganize datasets through pivoting or joining them, and create visualizations such as geo map charts, geo bubble charts, table charts, line charts, pie charts, and treemap charts. This project aims to show the correlation between a country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through Tableau. Large data sets related to the GDP and HIV were gathered from open data sources. The data will be cleaned through Tableau and Excel, and correlations between datasets will be shown through variable charts with Tableau.
Warehouse Management Models Using Artificial Intelligence Technology with Application at Receiving Stage – A Review
Authors:   School of Engineering and Technology, CQUniversity, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, Australia, Yang Judy X , Li Lily D , Rasul Mohammad G.
Published: May 2021

This paper reviewed recent literature on inventory management technologies and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. The classical Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models and computer vision technology applications for object classification were reviewed in particularly. The challenges of AI technologies in industrial warehouse management, particularly the ANN for solving object classification and counting are discussed. Some researchers reported the use of face recognition, moving vehicle classification and counting, which are easy to recognise objects on the floor or the ground. Other researchers explored the object counting technologies which are used to identify the visible objects on the ground or in images. Although several studies focused on industrial component identification and counting problems, a study on the warehouse receiving stage remains a blank canvas. This paper reviews and analyses current industrial warehouse management developments around AI applications in this field, which may provide a reference for future researchers and end-users for the best modelling approach to this specific problem at the warehouse receiving stage.
An efficient Intelligent Cache Replacement Policy Suitable for PACS
Authors:   School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China, Wang Yinyin , Yang Yuwang , Wang Qingguang
Published: May 2021

An efficient intelligent cache replacement policy suitable for picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) was proposed in this work. By combining the Support vector machine (SVM) with the classic least recently used (LRU) cache replacement policy, we have created a new intelligent cache replacement policy called SVM-LRU. The SVM-LRU policy is unlike conventional cache replacement policies, which are solely dependent on the intrinsic properties of the cached items. Our PACS-oriented SVM-LRU algorithm identifies the variables that affect file access probabilities by mining medical data. The SVM algorithm is then used to model the future access probabilities of the cached items, thus improving cache performance. Finally, a simulation experiment was performed using the trace-driven simulation method. It was shown that the SVM-LRU cache algorithm significantly improves PACS cache performance when compared to conventional cache replacement policies like LRU, LFU, SIZE and GDS.
High-Performance FPGA-Based BWA-MEM Accelerator
Authors:   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology – VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, Kieu-Do-Nguyen Binh , Pham-Quoc Cuong , Pham Cong-Kha
Published: May 2021

There is no denying that Bioinformatics is one of the most important realms for our forthcoming development. As a demonstration of this fact, a plethora of new algorithms that were published over the last decade. Those significantly boost up the processes of biological analysis, especially for DNA alignment. Despite their undeniable contributions, it is still far more to state that DNA alignment has already achieved the ideal performance. In this work, we focus on the DNA alignment system which is based on our improved BWA-MEM algorithm that we have already published. Besides that, we also propose some optimization methods which was applied in order to improve the performance as well as the stability of our entire system. The system offers a speed-up by 46.52x when compared with the other computing platforms.
A study of effect of delayed and early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal haemoglobin status
Authors: Jaiswal Jyoti , Dehariya Krishna Kumar , Nagraj Devina
Published: May 2021

Background: Delayed cord clamping has been supported by physician because it allows for physiological transfer of blood from placenta to the infant and thus permits placenta to newborn transfusion and results in an increased neonatal blood volume at birth. At present there is no standard definition of delayed cord clamping. Clamping time varies significantly between studies and a wide range of parameters were used for clamping of cord.Methods: This was an observational study conducted in a public hospital among 200 uncomplicated full-term pregnancies where 100 each were present in early cord clamping (ECC) and delayed cord clamping (DCC) groups respectively and neonatal haematological parameters studied according to different cord clamping times.Results: There was a significant increase of mean haemoglobin level from 14.8 to 16.0 g/dl from 15 secs to 60 secs and gradual increase of mean haemoglobin level from 16.2 to 16.8 g/dl from 60 secs to 180 secs. There was a highly significant difference between ECC and DCC groups regarding mean haemoglobin level and MCH values. MCV and MCH values were also significantly different in both the groups.Conclusions: We concluded in this study that delayed cord clamping, resulted in improved haemoglobin and other haematocrit levels specially when cord was clamped after first 60 secs. Delayed clamping also reduced the prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age. In terms of maternal outcomes, delayed umbilical cord clamping did not increase the risk of postpartum haemorrhage or the need for blood transfusion.
A study of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome at tertiary care center
Authors: Kuntal Chelsae , Vyas Jyotsna , Chaudhary Asha , Hemani Sunita , Rajoria Lata
Published: May 2021

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age with prevalence of 6-10% which is characterized by hyper androgenic features and chronic oligo – anovulation and polycystic ovary morphology. Most women with polycystic ovary syndrome are also characterized by metabolic abnormalities like insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity, these forming risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The objective of the study was to compare the clinical, biochemical and hormonal profile of polycystic ovary syndrome patients with and without metabolic syndrome.Methods: A comparative cross- sectional study was undertaken on 79 PCOS women diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, in which the clinical data and hormonal profile of two groups of polycystic ovary syndrome women with and without metabolic syndrome was compared.Results: The mean age of 79 patients in this study group with and without metabolic syndrome was 26.17±3.18 and 25.57±3.41 years respectively. There were more patients from urban areas as compared to rural areas and maximum patients. Significantly higher number of PCOS women with metabolic syndrome had hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans than those without metabolic syndrome. Mean value of Waist circumference, systolic BP pressure, diastolic BP, S. Triglyceride and fasting glucose were higher and HDL levels were lower in women with metabolic syndrome than those without metabolic syndrome. Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values were significantly higher in PCOS women with metabolic syndrome in comparison to those without metabolic syndrome.Conclusion: PCOS is not only is the most frequent cause of anovulation, but it is also associated with characteristic metabolic disturbances that may have important implications for the long term health. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of endocrine disturbances, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. It is associated with a two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease and a five-fold increased risk of type 2 diabetes. This illustrates the importance of early detection of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome with subsequent application of preventive measures in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Assessment of physical and sexual quality of life in women undergoing planned hysterectomy in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kumari Archana , Malik Sunita , Kishore Jugal
Published: May 2021

Background: The objective of the study was physical and sexual quality of life (SQOL) in women undergoing elective hysterectomy following six months after surgery.Methods: This was a prospective observational study in which all women undergoing elective hysterectomies in the department and fulfilling inclusion criteria through any routes and benign indication were recruited after taking informed written consent. Women with endometriosis, previous pelvic surgery and emergency hysterectomies were excluded from study. Each woman was subjected quality QOL questionnaires-SF-36 and SQOL-F prior and six months after surgery. Questionnaires used were in their own language, validated and already tested in pilot study. The required sample size was 65 (taking 20% lost to follow up) by using Epi-info software, total 78 eligible women taken in the present study. All data was recorded on excel spread sheet and analysis done by SPSS-21.0 and Wilcoxon-test as appropriate.Results: All aspects of physical and sexual quality of life was found to have improved following hysterectomy. However, only emotional wellbeing worsened.Conclusions: Hysterectomy improves physical and sexual quality of life post-surgery but sexual quality of life improves more in abdominal route than vaginal route.
Unicornuate uterus: case reports of heterogenous presentations challenging clinical diagnosis and management
Authors: Trivedi Swati , Khokher Santosh , Rastogi Prasoon , Dhaka Vinod Kumar
Published: May 2021

Unicornuate uterus is an anomaly arising from defective lateral fusion of incompletely developed mullerian duct or paramesonephric duct with the contralateral duct. Pregnancy in non-communicating rudimentary horn can result in I and II trimester pregnancy losses along with maternal morbidity and mortality. Here we describe three such cases of unicornuate uterus with non-communicating rudimentary horn pregnancy, who presented to our hospital with pain in lower abdomen. Two of them with II trimester pregnancy landed in haemorrhagic shock owing to rupture of pregnant horn, though were revived by immediate intervention. Third patient who came with a definitive diagnosis of I trimester rudimentary horn pregnancy was managed electively by hemi-hysterectomy. Rupture of pregnant uterus can occur in II trimester when associated with uterine anomaly. Early sonographic diagnosis has a major offering in workup, management and prevention of mother from grave life threatening consequences.
Successful management of secondary postpartum haemorrhage due to post caesarean wound dehiscence with uterine artery embolisation
Authors: Kumari Pushplata , Abraham Anuja , Regi Annie , Navaneethan Preethi
Published: May 2021

Caesarean scar dehiscence usually presents as secondary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) with persistent spotting, fever or abdominal distension. The known management are either with laparotomy followed by resuturing of the scar or hysterectomy. However, most of the patient ultimately undergo hysterectomy due to the persistence of vaginal bleeding. We presented a case of PPH secondary due to scar dehiscence post lower segment caesarean section (LSCS), which was successfully managed with bilateral uterine artery embolization without hysterectomy. Our patient presented with vaginal bleeding on 16th post LSCS day and USG showed presence of a hyperechoic area measuring 5×6 cm more towards the right angle suggestive of the scar dehiscence with hematoma. She underwent bilateral uterine artery embolization and had decreased in the vaginal bleeding with gradual regression in the size of the hematoma over a period of time. Radiological intervention with bilateral uterine artery embolization (UAE) can be used as one of the modalities of management for the hemodynamically stable patient.
Sequential radiological and surgical management of tubo-ovarian abscess: a success story
Authors: Naredi Nikita , Prajapati Vipin Kumar , Mhaske Nilesh , Sahay Neha
Published: May 2021

A tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is a complex mass of infectious etiology in the adnexa forming as a sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). If the abscess ruptures, there is a risk of life-threatening infection. Thus, it requires great degree of suspicion for the correct diagnosis followed by prompt evaluation and treatment. This case is reported with the aim to describe the unusual presentation of TOA without a significant history of PID and the unconventional way of TOA drainage.
Study on pattern of consumption of fruits and vegetables and associated factors among medical students of Delhi
Authors: Khokhar Anita , Singh Sunil Kumar , Bharti Aakanksha , Sharma Manila , Mishra Suruchi
Published: May 2021

Background: Fruits and vegetables are a rich source of essential micronutrients i.e. vitamins/minerals and dietary fibers required for the normal daily functionality of the body. Young adults such as medical students are a particularly vulnerable population in terms of health issues and adequate diet. Objective of the study was to find the pattern of fruits and vegetables consumption in undergraduate medical students of Delhi.Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned among 300 undergraduate students from medical college in New Delhi. The questionnaire consisted of questions about identification data, pattern of fruit and vegetable consumption. Data was analyzed by SPSS software version 21.0 and for qualitative data analysis chi-square test was used.Results: Mean age of study subjects was 20.82±2.1 years and females (52.7%) were more as compared to (47.3%) males. Out of 300 participants, only one third (33.3%) of study participants consumed more than five servings of fruits and vegetables. More than half of study participants felt that unsafe use of pesticides, difficult to eat five servings in a day, poor handling and poor quality of fruits and vegetables were the most common barriers in consumption of FVs. Age and semester of study participants and education status of mothers were found significant predictors of consumption of recommended number of serving of FVs in day.  Conclusions: This study concludes that only one third of study participants consumed more than five servings of fruits and vegetables which is recommended number of serving in a day. So, there is a need to increase awareness about importance of fruits and vegetables consumption among study population.
Comparison of direct total iron binding capacity by light MgCO3 and heavy MgCO3
Authors: Debnath Chapal , Savaliya Niral G.
Published: May 2021

Background: The aim of the study is focused to measure TIBC by calculated method (TIBC using the magnesium carbonate- MgCO3 adsorption), measurement of TIBC by calculatory method from automated UIBC and automated Iron measurement. Latter these two values are to be added and would give an additive result of TIBC. The experiment would be performed by using the light MgCO3 powder and the heavy MgCO3 powder and check for any differences in their respective values. Regression analysis, Bland Altman analysis or histogram analysis of TIBC results obtained by calculated methods in patient samples to find correlation between the two methods is being performed.Methods: Samples received for analysis of tests, regardless of patient identification with sample volume serum were used for the study. After complete analysis and reporting of the sample, the leftover serum was used. Serum was kept at room temperature. Then the calculated TIBC from UIBC and the IRON were compared after doing batch calibration for UIBC and lot calibration of Iron.Results: It was found that, this study had positive bias by the usage of the heavy MgCO3 powder. Positive bias in unsaturated iron binding capacity observed by both methods is studied and further investigated using data obtained during the experiment.Conclusions: There is a higher yield of serum obtained with the heavy MgCO3 powder, TIBC calculated from iron and unsaturated iron binding capacity as compared to TIBC measured directly using the light MgCO3 powder.
Early diagnosis and treatment of hydatidiform mole in adolescent pregnant woman
Authors: Pramana Putu Harrista Indra , Kaspan Kaspan
Published: May 2021

Hydatidiform mole belongs to the spectrum of gestational trophoblastic disorders in which abnormal conception leads to excess placental tissue formation in the absence of fetal development. The incidence of hydatidiform mole is quite rare so that not all experienced clinicians handle this case in clinical experience. Therefore, we present a case of hydatidiform mole in an adolescent patient. A 14-year-old primigravida woman, unemployed, with elementary school education, with a gestational age of 16 weeks went to the ER with complaints of vaginal bleeding for 2 days. Physical examination found the fundal height at umbilicus, abdominal tenderness, accompanied by vaginal bloody discharge. Complete blood count found mild normochromic anemia with increased levels of T3 and decreased TSH. Ultrasound imaging found a typical vesicular pattern of a hydatidiform mole. Treatment of molar evacuation by curettage and drainage was carried out one day after presentation and obtained 600 grams of molar tissue. The patient underwent 24 hours of post-operative observation before being discharged in a stable state. The patient presented with a typical clinical appearance of hydatidiform mole. Ultrasound imaging reveals a typical complete hydatidiform mole accompanied by anemia and hyperthyroxinemic which may accompany hydatidiform mole. Evacuation was carried out according to clinical guidelines and the patient was discharged in a good condition.
Physicians as viral hepatitis advocates: empowerment through education
Authors: Rastogi Aayushi , Syed Sabin , Gupta Ekta , Bansal Akanksha , Varshney Mohit , Keshan Pranav
Published: May 2021

Background: Viral hepatitis is the most serious infections due to its asymptomatic nature for a long period and complications like liver cirrhosis and hepato cellular carcinoma. Also, available literatures suggest low vaccination status, poor to moderate knowledge about prevention and management of viral hepatitis. Moving forward, physicians can act as advocates in disseminating the correct knowledge about prevention and transmission of viral hepatitis. With this background one-day training program for physicians was conceptualised under project PRAKASH to educate and empower them about prevention and management of viral hepatitis.Methods: A pre-post study design was undertaken among the physicians who registered themselves for hepatitis induction program. An online link to the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire consisted of 59 questions of knowledge (35 questions), attitude (12 questions) and practice (12 questions) along with demographic variables was shared with the registered participants. Same knowledge questions were asked during post-test. Paired-t-test and Independent samples t-test were used in analysis using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) v-21. Level of significance was taken at p<0.05.Results: A total of 204 clinicians were trained over five training and pre-post was available for 170 participants. The mean knowledge, attitude and practice scores were found to be 25.11±4.85, 50.17±6.86, 20.18±3.90 out of total score of 35, 60 and 24 respectively. Post knowledge score had increased significantly when compared with pre-score. Pre-knowledge score was found significant with experience level.Conclusions: Overall, study observed significant improvement of knowledge among physicians which can be attributable to training program and this program can be up scaled and help in empowering the physicians on various health-related topics across the country.
Inter-American Development Bank Annual Report 1991
Authors:   Inter-American Development Bank
Published: May 2021

The Annual Report contains a review of the Bank's operations in 1991.
Contact Vitiligo Following Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Ruiz-Villaverde Ricardo , Navarro-Triviño Francisco J.
Published: May 2021

NONE
Caracterização fitoquímica do extrato aquoso da vagem da algarobeira (Prosopis juliflora)
Authors: GREISON SILVA SANTOS WILIAS , Eduarda Ramos Vanderley Shayenne , André de Araújo Silva Luiz , Valcácia Silva Sildivane
Published: May 2021

A algarobeira (Prosopis juliflora) é uma planta xerófila muito encontrada na região Nordeste do Brasil devido a sua facilidade em florescer em regiões áridas e produzir uma vagem de polpa doce muito apreciada na região e com alto potencial biotecnológico. Diversos trabalhos já demonstraram esse potencial, principalmente na produção de pães, aguardente, vinagre, bioetanol, dentre outros. Com isso, este trabalho objetivou caracterizar qualitativamente os compostos metabólitos secundários presentes no extrato aquoso da vagem da algarobeira. O extrato de algaroba foi preparado e 20 mL deste extrato aquoso foi rotaevaporado a vácuo, pesado e submetido às análises fitoquímicas, para verificar a presença de alcaloides, esteroides, flavonoides, glicosídeos, polifenóis, taninos, saponinas e terpenos. O peso final do extrato foi de 11,22 g. No extrato aquoso de algaroba não foi possível detectar a presença de alcaloides, esteróis, flavonoides, glicosídeos, polifenóis e taninos, apenas saponinas e terpenos. Estes achados podem estar relacionados à sensibilidade da técnica empregada. Outro possível fator é a obtenção do extrato, que comumente utiliza o álcool, que tem maior efeito extrativo comparado à água. Apesar dos achados serem satisfatórios, considerando a água como extrator, novas análises com metodologias mais sensíveis são necessárias para demonstrar o potencial dessa planta e sua utilização no setor industrial.
The Seasonal Variability of the Ocean Energy Cycle From a Quasi-Geostrophic Double Gyre Ensemble
Authors: Uchida Takaya , Deremble Bruno , Penduff Thierry
Published: May 2021

With the advent of submesoscale O(1km) permitting basin-scale ocean simulations, the seasonality in the mesoscale O(50km) eddies with kinetic energies peaking in summer has been commonly attributed to submesoscale eddies feeding back onto the mesoscale via an inverse energy cascade under the constraint of stratification and Earth’s rotation. In contrast, by running a 101-member, seasonally forced, three-layer quasi-geostrophic (QG) ensemble configured to represent an idealized double-gyre system of the subtropical and subpolar basin, we find that the mesoscale kinetic energy shows a seasonality consistent with the summer peak without resolving the submesoscales; by definition, a QG model only resolves small Rossby number dynamics (O(Ro)≪1) while as submesoscale dynamics are associated with O(Ro)∼1. Here, by quantifying the Lorenz cycle of the mean and eddy energy, defined as the ensemble mean and fluctuations about the mean respectively, we propose a different mechanism from the inverse energy cascade by which the stabilization and strengthening of the western-boundary current during summer due to increased stratification leads to a shedding of stronger mesoscale eddies from the separated jet. Conversely, the opposite occurs during the winter; the separated jet destablizes and results in overall lower mean and eddy kinetic energies despite the domain being more susceptible to baroclinic instability from weaker stratification.
A System for Monitoring the Environment of Historic Places Using Convolutional Neural Network Methodologies
Authors: Maria Massimo De , Fiumi Lorenza , Mazzei Mauro , V. Bik Oleg
Published: May 2021

This work aims to contribute to better understanding the use of public street spaces. (1) Background: In this sense, with a multidisciplinary approach, the objective of this work is to propose an experimental and reproducible method on a large scale. (2) Study area: The applied methodology uses artificial intelligence to analyze Google Street View (GSV) images at street level. (3) Method: The purpose is to validate a methodology that allows to characterize and quantify the use (pedestrians and cars) of some squares in Rome belonging to different historical periods. (4) Results: Through the use of machine vision techniques, typical of artificial intelligence and which use convolutional neural networks, a historical reading of some selected squares is proposed with the aim of interpreting the dynamics of use and identifying some critical issues in progress. (5) Conclusions: This work validated the usefulness of a method applied to the use of artificial intelligence for the analysis of GSV images at street level.
Evaluating the Performance of Cumulus Convection Parameterization Schemes in Regional Climate Modeling System
Authors: Nayak Sridhara , Maity Suman
Published: May 2021

In this study, we explored the performance of the cumulus convection parameterization schemes of Regional Climate Modeling System (RegCM) towards the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) of a catastrophic year through various numerical experiments conducted with different convection schemes (Kuo, Grell amd MIT) in RegCM. The model is integrated at 60KM horizontal resolution over Indian region and forced with NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. The simulated temperature at 2m and the wind at 10m are validated against the forced data and the total precipitation is compared with the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) observations. We find that the simulation with MIT convection scheme is close to the GPCC data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. Our results with three convection schemes suggest that the RegCM with MIT convection scheme successfully simulated some characteristics of ISM of a catastrophic year and may be further examined with more number of convection schemes to customize which convection scheme is much better.
Risk Factors Evaluation for Monitoring of Well Drilling
Authors: Islamov Shamil , Grigoriev Alexey , Beloglazov Ilya , Savchenkov Sergey , Gudmestad Ove Tobias
Published: May 2021

Drilling of wells for oil and gas production is a highly complex and expensive part of reservoir development. Thus, together with injury prevention, there is a goal to save cost expenditures on downtime and repair of drilling equipment. Nowadays companies have begun to look for ways to improve the efficiency of drilling and minimize non-production time with the help of new technologies. To support decisions in a narrow time frame, it is valuable to have an early warning system. Such a decision support system will help an engineer to intervene in the drilling process and prevent high expenses of unproductive time and equipment repair due to a problem. This work is describing a comparison of machine learning algorithms for anomaly detection during well drilling. Tested models classify drilling problems based on historical data from previously drilled wells. To validate anomaly detection algorithms, we use historical logs of drilling problems for 67 wells at a large brownfield in Siberia, Russia. Wells with problems were selected and analyzed. It should be noted that out of the 67 wells, 20 wells were drilled without expenses for unproductive time. Experiential results illustrated that a model based on gradient boosting can classify the complications in the drilling process best of all.
MANAGEMENT OF BIG DATA IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
Authors: Jinugu Anjaneyulu , Kodimela Sreechandana , V V Madhavi Laitha
Published: May 2021

It is strongly believed that technology can reap the best only when it can be tamed by all stakeholders. Big data technology has no exception for this and even after a decade of emergence, the technology is still a herculean task and is in nascent stage with respect to applicability for many people. Having understood the gaps in the technology adoption for big data in the contemporary world, the present exploratory research work intended to highlight the possible prospects of big data technologies. It is also advocated as to how the challenges of various fields can be converted as opportunities with the shift in the perspective towards this evolving concept. Examples of apex organizations like (IMF and ITU) and their initiatives of big data technologies with respect to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also cited for a broader outlook. The intervention of the responsible organizations along with the respective governments is also much sought for encouraging the technology adoption across all the sections of the market players.
Influence of Sociodemographic, Economic and Employment-Related Factors on Sick Leave Due To Mental Illness. A Retrospective Study in an Industrialized Region in Southern Europe
Authors: Fuertes-Guiro Fernando , Marqués-Gaspar Carmen , Amet Ajda , Fernández-Bengoa Luis
Published: May 2021

(1) Background: This study identifies and analyzes those variables that may influence sick leave due to mental illness, based on a retrospective descriptive study of a mutual insurance company in the industrialized region of southern Europe (Catalonia). (2) Methods: All workers who were on sick leave due to mental illness during the period 2009-2019 were included in the study. The relationships between sick leave due to mental illness and social/employment-related and economical and demographic factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and Cox regression model. (3) Results: The period studied included 34,764 workers. Anxious-depressive disorders account for 83.3% of the diagnosed mental disorders. The age cohorts between 30 and 50 years represent 60% of the affected workers. Highest income and high population density regions are the most affected. The levels of mental illness are higher in spring and summer. Professions related to manufacturing industry, automobile mechanics companies, the hospitality industry, education and healthcare and social service companies was more heavily affected. (4) Conclusions: Population density and GDP per capita, the age cohort, the season of the year, the type of payment, the type of contract, and the worker’s business and profession can predict the appearance of sick leave due to mental illness. Mutual insurance companies should plan interventions to minimize these factors and avoid the socioeconomic consequences.
Prolonged Infusion of ß-lactams Decreases Mortality in Patients with Septic Shock: A Retrospective Before-and-after Study
Authors: Richter Daniel Christoph , Dietrich Maximilian , Lalev Lazar Detelinov , Schmitt Felix C.F. , Fiedler Mascha Onida , Bruckner Thomas , Stoerzinger Dominic , Chiriac Ute , Klein Sabrina , Hackert Thilo , Brenner Thorsten , Brinkmann Alexander , Weigand Markus A
Published: May 2021

Septic shock substantially alters the pharmacokinetic properties of ß-lactams with a subsequently high risk of insufficiently low serum concentrations and treatment failure. Considering their pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) index, prolonged infusions (PI) of ß-lactams extend the time that the unbound fraction of the drug remains above the minimal inhibitory concentration MIC (ft >MIC) and may improve patient survival. The present study is a monocentric, retrospective before-and-after analysis of septic shock patients treated with ß-lactams. Patients of the years 2015-2017 received intermittent bolus application whereas patients of 2017-2020 received PI of ß-lactams. The primary outcome was mortality at day 30 and 90 after diagnosis of septic shock. Mortality rates in the PI group were significantly lower on day 30 (PI: 41%, n=119/290 vs. IB: 54.8%, n=68/114; p=0.0097) and day 90 (PI: 47.9%, n=139/290 vs. IB: 62.9%, n=78/124; p=0.005). After propensity-score matching, 30- and 90-day mortality remained lower for the PI group (-10%). PI further reduced duration of invasive ventilation. PI of β-lactam antibiotics led to a stronger decrease in SOFA scores within a 14d-observation period. PI of ß-lactams significantly reduces mortality in patients with septic shock and may have beneficial effects on invasive ventilation and recovery from sepsis-related organ failure.
Exercise Interventions for Adults with Burn Injuries
Authors: Burton Liz , Knight Carolyn , Malone Brittney , Rivers Lexie , Walker Rachel , Wright James
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this critically appraised topic (CAT) is to provide the highest quality of evidence available on the implementation of exercise interventions in the early burn rehabilitation phase in adult burn victims. This portfolio contains four peer-reviewed research articles from national and international journals. The study designs include one systematic review and meta analyses, one retrospective cohort study and two randomized control trials. These articles covered three types of exercise interventions including resistance training, mobility training, and physiotherapy. Overall, the clinical bottom line of this CAT is that exercise interventions in early burn rehabilitation may be effective in improving upper extremity function, muscle strength, range of motion, quality of life, and decreasing length of stay and inf lammation. Further research is needed to determine the effects of early exercise interventions in adults in the burn ICU.