bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Republican registry of primary immune deficiencies in the chuvash republic and description of postvaccinal immunity disorders in a pregnant patient with common variable immune deficiency
Authors: Karzakova L. M. , Muchukova O. M. , Lutkova T. S. , Kudryashov S. I. , Zhuravleva N. V. , Ukhterova N. D. , Gavrilova E. S. , Sidorov I. A. , Odintsova A. V.
Published: May 2021

In recent years, primary immunodeficiencies have turned from the class of rare diseases to the category of more common disorders which may be encountered by doctors of any clinical discipline. The first case of primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) in Chuvashia was detected in 1993. Since that time, the Department of Internal Diseases with the Course of Clinical Immunology at the I. Ulyanov Chuvash State University registered all the cases of PID diagnosed in the region, introducing them into the Republican Registry of PID. The study was aimed for searching epidemiological indexes, clinical and laboratory manifestations of PID in Chuvash region. The study was based on the patient data obtained by retrospective analysis of 85 case histories of PID patients, treated at different departments of the Republican Clinical Hospital, and the City Chuvash Pediatric Clinical Hospital of Public Health Ministry in 2000-2019, as well as on 49 outpatient records of the patients included into the Regional PID Registry. Various forms of PIDs were diagnosed according to the criteria developed by the European Society for Immunodeficiency and the Pan-American Group on Immunodeficiency (1999). The results of this study showed that the incidence of PID in the Chuivash Region is 3.4:100,000. The incidence of common variable immune deficiency (CVID), the most common form of PID in the region, was 1.58 per 100,000 population. The average age at the time of CVID diagnosis in Chuvash patients was 30.4±16.1 years, and the age of CVID debut was 11.3±15.0 years. The delay in proper diagnosis from the moment of clinical manifestation of CVID was, on average, 17.9 years in the region. At the time of CVID diagnosis, the patients showed marked decrease in the levels of 3 or 2 immunoglobulin classes (IgG and IgA), and T-helper cell contents (CD3+CD4+) in peripheral blood. Prevalence of selective IgA deficiency with сlinical symptoms was 0.83 per 100,000 population of the region, and the incidence of the asymptomatic form of this PID was 1 : 167. In patients with selective IgA deficiency, there were also disorders in the T cell system manifesting as decreased relative number of cytotoxic T-cells as well as elevated IgG and IgM levels. The age of diagnosis of X-linked agammaglobulinemia in the region was 3.5±3.0 years. In addition to disturbances of humoral adaptive immunity in children with this disease, a decrease in absolute T cell numbers was detected. In conclusion, the article describes disturbances of postvaccinal immunity in a pregnant patient with CVID, with asymptomatic clinical course, thus leading to false interpretation of the serological markers of TORCH infections and wrong strategy of pregnancy management.
A checklist of the bryophytes from Amapá State, Northern Brazil
Authors: Oliveira-da-Silva Fúvio Rubens , Macedo Luciana Priscila Costa , Ilkiu-Borges Anna Luiza
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT A checklist is a good base for gathering registers of biodiversity and supporting further studies. The aim of this paper is to present a checklist of the bryophytes from Amapá State, including the distribution data of the species. In total, 174 species (80 mosses and 94 liverworts) in 78 genera and 30 families are registered for Amapá State, northern Brazil, based on examined specimens and on a review of the literature. A table with the species, distribution data for all municipalities of Amapá State, and the first record for all species are presented.
Dysfunctional Renal Nitric Oxide Synthase as a Determinant of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension
Authors: BARTON MATTHIAS , VOS INGRID , SHAW SIDNEY , BOER PETER , D'USCIO LIVIUS V. , GRO[Combining Diaeresis]NE HERMANN-JOSEF , RABELINK TON J. , LATTMANN THOMAS , MOREAU PIERRE , LU[Combining Diaeresis]SCHER THOMAS F.
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the role of renal nitric oxide synthase (NOS), endothelin, and possible mechanisms of renovascular dysfunction in salt-sensitive hypertension. Salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) Dahl rats were treated for 8 wk with high salt diet (4% NaCl) alone or in combination with the ETA receptor antagonist LU135252 (60 mg/kg per d). Salt loading markedly increased NOS activity (pmol citrulline/mg protein per min) in renal cortex and medulla in DR but not in DS rats by 270 and 246%, respectively. Hypertension in DS rats was associated with renal artery hypertrophy, increased vascular and renal endothelin-1 (ET-1) protein content, and glomerulosclerosis. In the renal artery but not in the aorta of hypertensive DS rats, endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine was unchanged; however, endothelial dysfunction due to enhanced prostanoid-mediated, endothelium-dependent contractions and attenuation of basal nitric oxide release was present. Treatment with LU135252 reduced hypertension in part, but completely prevented activation of tissue ET-1 without affecting ET-3 levels. This was associated with a slight increase of renal NOS activity, normalization of endothelial dysfunction and renal artery hypertrophy, and marked attenuation of glomerulosclerosis. Thus, DS rats fail to increase NOS activity in response to salt loading. This abnormality may predispose to activation of the tissue ET-1 system, abnormal renal vasoconstriction, and renal injury. Chronic ETA receptor blockade normalized salt-induced changes in the renal artery and reduced glomerular injury, suggesting therapeutic potential for ET antagonists in salt-sensitive forms of hypertension.
Impaired Renal Blood Flow Autoregulation in Two-Kidney, One-Clip Hypertensive Rats Is Caused by Enhanced Activity of Nitric Oxide
Authors: TURKSTRA ERIKA , BRAAM BRANKO , KOOMANS HEIN A.
Published: May 2021

Increases in renal perfusion pressure will induce shear stress-mediated nitric oxide (NO) release, which could oppose autoregulation of renal blood flow (RBF). Although cardiac, cerebral, and mesenteric autoregulation is enhanced during nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibition, this has not been reported for renal autoregulation of blood flow. In the present study, the lower limit and efficiency of RBF autoregulation (as assessed by the degree of compensation) were studied before and during NO inhibition in normotensive Sprague Dawley rats (control; n = 9) and in the non-clipped kidney of two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive animals (2K1C; n = 9; 3 wk; 0.25-mm silver clip). In both groups, renal autoregulation curves were obtained before and during infusion of N
G -nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) (bolus 1.5 mg/kg intravenously, infusion 10 μg/kg per min intravenously), using a transit-time flow probe around the left renal artery. In control rats, mean arterial pressure (MAP) increased, RBF decreased, and renal vascular resistance (RVR) increased in response to L-NNA infusion. The lower limit of autoregulation in control animals did not significantly change during L-NNA infusion (78 ± 3 to 70 ± 2 mmHg). The degree of compensation in these rats slightly increased during L-NNA infusion, however, this was only significant below 90 mmHg. The 2K1C rats had elevated MAP under baseline conditions. L-NNA infusion resulted in a decrease in RBF and an increase in MAP and RVR. During L-NNA infusion, RVR in 2K1C rats greatly exceeded RVR in control rats. A significant decrease was observed in the lower limit of autoregulation from 85 ± 3 to 72 ± 5 mmHg (P < 0.05). In the contralateral kidney of 2K1C rats, the degree of compensation was lower than in control rats under baseline conditions. L-NNA infusion resulted in significantly higher degrees of compensation compared to baseline. In conclusion, the contralateral kidney displayed a high NO dependency, as RBF greatly decreased and RVR dramatically increased in response to L-NNA infusion. The contralateral kidney of 2K1C rats exhibited impaired RBF autoregulation, which was improved by NO inhibition, as judged from a decrease in the lower limit of autoregulation and an increase in the degree of compensation. This study indicates that perfusion pressure-dependent NO release can oppose autoregulation in the kidney. However, the enhanced influence of NO on pressure-dependent RBF may facilitate the preservation of renal function in the nonclipped kidney of 2K1C rats.
The interplay between task difficulty and microsaccade rate: Evidence for the critical role of visual load
Authors: Schneider Andrea , Sonderegger Andreas , Krueger Eva , Meteier Quentin , Luethold Patrick , Chavaillaz Alain
Published: May 2021

In previous research, microsaccades have been suggested as psychophysiological indicators of task load. So far, it is still under debate how different types of task demands are influencing microsaccade rate. This piece of research examines the relation between visual load, mental load and microsaccade rate. Fourteen participants carried out a continuous performance task (n-back), in which visual (letters vs. abstract figures) and mental task load (1-back to 4-back) were manipulated as within-subjects variables. Eye tracking data, performance data as well as subjective workload were recorded. Data analysis revealed an increased level of microsaccade rate for stimuli of high visual demand (i.e. abstract figures), while mental demand (n-back-level) did not modulate microsaccade rate. In conclusion, the present results suggest that microsaccade rate reflects visual load of a task rather than its mental load.
The Influence of Bias on the Outcome of Prospective versus Retrospective Cephalometric Twin-Block Trials
Authors: MJ Trenouth
Published: May 2021

Objective: This was to investigate whether a retrospective study inflates or deflates the treatment response compared to a prospective study.
A Review of Post-Burn Contracture Release Procedures at the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu
Authors: ON Aria , JT Gbeneol
Published: May 2021

Background: Contracture release surgeries are done to correct functional impairment, pain or discomfort, recurrent ulceration and cosmetic challenges associated with contractures across joints and mobile structures such as the eyelids.
Internet
Authors: MEUNIER Jean-marc
Published: May 2021

Avec le développement d'Internet nous sommes passé d'une distribution de l'information à un Web d'expression avec pour principale conséquence une circulation accrue des données et leur exploitation par des algorithmes. Dans cet essai, nous proposons de voir Internet comme un écosystème documentaire et informationnel dynamique dans lequel agents humains et algorithmiques interagissent. L'approche instrumentale permet de mieux comprendre la coopétition entre ces agents pour la régulation des contenus, leur production et leur diffusion. A la fois agent et instrument, les algorithmes interviennent dans (i) la caractérisation et la hiérarchisation de l'information et des documents; (ii) leur diffusion et l'affichage de celles-ci et (iii) la production de documents. Dans cet article, nous essayerons de développer l'idée que malgré des régulations algorithmiques fortes les agents humains peuvent faire contrepoids et reprendre le contrôle des règles de diffusion en développant des formes d'instrumentalisation de l'écosystème notamment avec le développement de communautés épistémiques.
Recent Update on Treatment and Management of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Byun Jung-Ick , Shin Won Chul
Published: May 2021

Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia that is characterized by dream-enactment behavior, which can often result in sleep related injury. RBD is strongly associated with neurodegenerative disease especially with alpha-synucleinopathy. More than 70% of the patients convert to neurodegenerative disease including Parkinson’s disease or diffuse Lewy body dementia with a median period of 7.5 years. Treatment for RBD is currently focused on symptomatic treatment to prevent the injury. First step is establishing safe sleep environment to avoid injury. Clonazepam and melatonin are most commonly used medication for symptomatic treatment for RBD, however, well-designed randomized clinical trials are lacking. Prognostic counselling with longitudinal follow-up is also crucial in managing patients with RBD, which should be individualized for each patient with regular systematic follow-up evaluation.
Protocol for determining MBC and Time kill curves of antimycobacterial compounds using auto-bioluminescent Mtb v1
Authors: Shetye Gauri , Cho Sanghyun , Bae Cho Kyung , Franzblau Scott
Published: May 2021

Luminescence-based MBC assay described in this protocol is non-destructive, the luminescence of the microtiter plate can be measured to get several desired time points from day 1 to day 21, allowing measurement of kill kinetics. MBC is defined as the lowest concentration of a compound that reduces the initial bacterial inoculum by 99 % (or 2 logarithm). A compound is generally considered bactericidal if it’s MBC/MIC is at least 4-fold or less (< 4), otherwise it is regarded as bacteriostatic (> 4).
Protocol: Investigating DOIs classes of errors v4
Authors: Santini Cristian , Massari Arcangelo , Boente Ricarda , Tural Deniz
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this protocol is to provide an automated process to repair invalid DOIs that have been collected by the OpenCitations Index Of Crossref Open DOI-To-DOI References (COCI) while processing data provided by Crossref. The data needed for this work is provided by COCI as a CSV containing pairs of valid citing DOIs and invalid cited DOIs. With the goal to determine an automated process, we first classified the errors that characterize the wrong DOIs in the list. The starting hypothesis is that there are two main classes of errors: factual errors, such as wrong characters, and DOIs that are not yet valid at the time of processing. The first class can be furtherly divided into three classes: errors due to irrelevant strings added to the beginning (prefix-type errors) or at the end (suffix-type errors) of the correct DOI, and errors due to unwanted characters in the middle (other-type errors). Once the classes of errors are addressed, we propose automatic processes to obtain correct DOIs from wrong ones. These processes involve the use of the information returned from DOI API, the January 2021 Public Data File from Crossref, as well as rule-based methods, including regular expressions to correct invalid DOIs. The application of this methodology produced a CSV dataset containing all the pairs of citing and cited DOIs in the original dataset, each one enriched by 5 fields: "Already_Valid", which tells if the cited DOI was already valid before cleaning, "New_DOI", which contain a clean, valid DOI (if our procedure was able to produce one), and "prefix_error", "suffix_error" and "other-type_error" fields, which contain, for each cleaned DOI the number of errors that were cleaned.
Cardiodynamic variables measured by Impedance Cardiography during a 6-minute walk test are reliable predictors of peak oxygen consumption in young healthy adults v1
Authors: Liu Fang , Tsang Raymond , YM YM YM Jones Alice , Zhou Minchao , Xue Kaiwen , Chen Miaoling , Wang Yulong
Published: May 2021

This study incorporates ICG, a non-invasive and simple technology, to measure cardiodynamic variables during 6MWT, for prediction of VO2peak. Our results suggest that inclusion of cardiac indices measured during the 6MWT more accurately predicts VO2peakthan using 6MWD data alone.
A Reassessment of the Influence of Igbo Segmentals and Their Implications on the Teaching and Learning of English Sounds
Authors: Ekwueme Joekin , Agbo Isaiah Ifeanyichukwu , Samaila Zubairu Bitrus
Published: May 2021

This paper reassessed the influence of Igbo segmentals on the teaching and learning of English sounds in the University of Nigeria Nsukka. It aimed to determine the extent to which phonological interference in Igbo language has negatively influenced the teaching and learning of the English phonemes. The study was anchored on Lado’s (1957) theory of Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH). The data for study were elicited from a ten-item questionnaire which was randomly distributed to 50 First Year students of the Department of English, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Again, the findings of previous researches were utilized to contrastively augment the primary data. Using both simple percentage system and Lado’s framework, the data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that the recommendations of previous researches were yet to be fully implemented because there are still cases of language transfer at the level of phonology, particularly, the segmental level. Thus a good number of suggestions and recommendations were made to alleviate the problem.
Cognitive Awareness of the EFL Learner of Contrastive Linguistics Between English and Arabic: A Case Study
Authors: Hashmi Uzma M , Rajab Hussam , Shah Sayyed Rashid Ali
Published: May 2021

Corpus-based contrastive linguistics has rarely been thoroughly explored with regards to cognitive awareness of the English as a Foreign Language (EFL), Arabic first language (L1) speaking learners. The current study, based on an intervention, quasi-experimental quantitative research design, aims at presenting a pedagogical implementation of learners’ awareness driven instructions on contrastive linguistics between English and Arabic languages interchangeably. A purposefully selected sample of 69 beginner level (A1 CEFR) Saudi EFL learners were placed into an experimental group (n = 35) and a control group (n = 34).  Learners in the experimental group were exposed to four grammatical contrastive linguistics criteria (between English and Arabic) over a 14-weeks semester duration, and the control group underwent a normal taught course with no intervention over the same teaching duration. Both groups were assessed via purposefully designed, 20-items grammar test before and after the 14-weeks duration. The gathered data was analysed with one sample and independent samples t-tests. The analysis revealed the outperformance of the experimental group compared to the control group in all four grammatical contrastive linguistics criteria. The study concludes with pedagogical implications on the principle of utilising contrastive linguistics as a pedagogical tool in an EFL context.
A Study of the Chinese-English Translation of Public Signs in Scenic Spots in Guangzhou From the Perspective of Skopos Theory
Authors: Zheng Shaohui
Published: May 2021

Public signs, as the name card demonstrating the cultural quality and spiritual outlook of a city, play a crucial role in the external publicity of Guangzhou, an International metropolis in South China. With more and more tourists travelling to Guangzhou, the translation quality of public signs in scenic spots has become increasingly important. This paper, focusing on the public signs in scenic spots in Guangzhou, first analyzes the Chinese to English translation of public signs and finds out the translation problems and corresponding causes, then gives some suggestions on the translation methods and strategies of the Chinese to English translation of public signs in scenic spots accordingly. It is hoped that this study can provide some implications for pedagogical application and be helpful for those who follow closely the translation of public signs.
An Investigation Into the Implementation and Selection of Literary Texts to Teach Reading Skills in EFL Classes: The Case of Preparatory Schools in Awi Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Belete Netsanet Haymanot , Mussa Sualih
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the selection and implementation of literary texts for teaching of reading skills in English as a foreign language classes in preparatory schools in Ethiopia. In doing so, descriptive survey design was employed. To collect data, observation, questionnaire, interview and text analysis were used as data collection tools. Using simple random sampling technique, 30 grade 11 English teachers for questionnaire and 6 teachers for observation and interview were selected. Text analysis was also used to evaluate the suitability of literary texts. The study revealed that literary texts designed in grade 11 English textbook are not suitable for the students’ age, interest, cultural background, social background, linguistic proficiency and literacy background. The reading tasks have almost no pre-reading activities, some while-reading activities and plenty of post-reading activities which are not well designed. Besides, EFL teachers perceived that literary texts are important to facilitate the students’ reading classes but they were limited in using literary texts meaningfully. The study also revealed that difficulty level of literary texts, unfamiliarity of the cultures from texts, lack of interest, lack of reading experience and students’ limited vocabulary were the major difficulties that  hindered the proper use of literary texts in reading lessons.
Translation and Spread of Guizhou Batik From the Perspective of 5W Mode of Communication —A Case Study of Splendid China • Guizhou Batik
Authors: Huang Jixin
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, because the mainstream culture occupies a large number of resources in the communication field, the spread of many intangible cultural heritage has been squeezed, and batik is one of them. Guizhou batik culture, in terms of its development space, in the collision with the mainstream culture, is in a relatively disadvantaged position. However, with the accelerating process of globalization and the rapid development of information technology, we can strive to improve the translation effect by means of the combination of translation theory and communication theory, taking the 5W mode of communication as the macro guidance and "function plus loyalty" proposed by Christian Nord as the principle. The 5W mode of communication proposed by Lasswell not only summarizes communication as five important factors, but also provides new inspiration for translation scholars. Taking the translation practice of Splendid China · Guizhou Batik as an example, this paper mainly expounds the infiltration of 5W mode of communication into the translation strategy and translation skills from five factors, namely, who (author and translator), says what (communication content), in which channel (media research) and with what effect, so as to enhance the spread of batik culture in Guizhou.
Teaching Features and Improvement Suggestions for Chinese Online Classes
Authors: Kong Yidan
Published: May 2021

The popularity of the Internet has influenced education profoundly. Teaching methods, teacher–student relationships, and the role of teachers have changed significantly due to changes in communication media. In the case of Chinese language learning, online classes have become a crucial tool to encourage and support international Chinese teaching. With the deepening of China's opening, exchanges between China and other countries are becoming increasingly profound. Against this backdrop, worldwide enthusiasm for learning Chinese has emerged, yet not every foreign learner of Chinese has had the opportunity to attend Chinese lessons and receive systemic training. To give more students the opportunity to study Chinese, online lessons are a viable option for various reasons, from acting as an effective channel for students to learn about both Chinese language and culture to offering classes of both short and long duration, and providing a range of different teaching styles and teaching methods depending on the needs of the students. This paper analyzes teachers and methods after observing many Chinese online teaching videos that have attracted a high “click rate” by users. Moreover, this paper focuses on analyzing MOOC and traditional online lessons published by the Confucius Institute and carries out a comparison between them and overseas online Chinese lessons. Finally, this paper evaluates online Chinese lessons and gives suggestions according to the 5C goals of language teaching.
ESTETIKA PERMAINAN MUSIK BARAT PADA BIG BAND SALAMANDER
Authors: Dirgualam Oki , Suganda Dadang , Wibawa Buky , Sufianto Kunto
Published: May 2021

This article describes the aesthetics of the big band jazz music by Salamander Big Band. Aesthetics is a study of the processes that occur in three basic elements: aesthetic objects, aesthetic subjects, and aesthetic values related to aesthetic experiences, aesthetic properties, and attractive and unattractive parameters. This paper presents the basic elements of western music aesthetics, especially big band jazz music, and how Salamander Big Band can implement the aesthetic values of western jazz big band music in the music played. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method. Through a process of appreciation, habituation, additional insight into jazz music and continuous and consistent practice, Salamander Big Band members can adapt to cultures from outside Indonesia's popular music culture, namely playing American big band music with the right aesthetic.
FUNGSI SINTAKTIS KATA JEONGMAL DALAM BAHASA KOREA: ANALISIS BERBASIS KORPUS
Authors: Putri Anastasia Hannas , Usmi Usmi
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the syntactic function of the word jeongmal (정말) analyzed through part of speech (품사). In the Korean language, a word can be classified into more than one parts of speech, which is called pumsa tongyong (품사통용) or conversion. An example of pumsa tongyong is the word jeongmal, which can function as an adverb, noun, and interjection. This research shows that such classification makes the word jeongmal has different functions in a syntactic unit, which are main component (predicate), attributive component (adverb), and independent component. In addition, the limitations of the word jeongmal as a noun and POS-tagging error in classifying the word jeongmal as an interjection in the corpus were found. The syntactic function of the word jeongmal is important to be understood because jeongmal is a basic vocabulary with a high frequency of use, both spoken and written. This research is using a quantitative-qualitative method by analyzing a corpus (corpus-based analysis), 21st Century Sejong Corpora (21세기 세종 말뭉치). POS-tagged written and spoken corpus data is used as the data source of this research.
Farklı ağaç türlerinde çeşitli tomruk hacim formüllerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: ŞAHİN Abdurrahman , KORKMAZ Salih Soner
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada, tomrukların hacimlendirmesinde kullanılan sekiz farklı hacim formülünün karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Orta Yüzey (Huber), Uçlardaki Yüzeyler Ortalaması (Smalian), Newton-Riecke, Uçlardaki Çaplar Ortalaması, Hossfeld, Bruce, Patterson-Doruska ve Centroid formüllerinden elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, üç farklı ağaç türünden (kızılçam (Pinus brutia), karaçam (P. nigra) ve sedir (Cedrus libani)) kesilmiş olan, 3’er metre (m) uzunluğundaki 115 adet tomruk kullanılmıştır. Tomrukların önce 0,5 m arayla çapları ölçülmüş; sonra her bir seksiyon hacmi Smalian formülü kullanılarak bulunmuş ve toplam tomruk hacmi elde edilmiştir. Ardından, 8 farklı formül ile hesaplanan tomruk hacimleriyle; gerçeğe en yakın olarak bulunan hacim değerleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, her ağaç türü için Huber, Newton-Riecke ve Uçlardaki Çaplar Ortalaması formüllerinin hata değerleri sıfırdan farksız (p>0,05) çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, karaçam tomruklarını hacimlendirmede Centroid ve sedir tomruklarını hacimlendirmede de Smalian formüllerinin hataları da sıfırdan farksız olup (p>0.05) kullanılabilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu formüller arasında, hacimlendirme hatasını minimize eden en uygun formüller ve hata değerleri sırasıyla (ortalama hata, ortalama mutlak hata yüzdesi ve toplam hata yüzdesi), kızılçam tomruklarında Newton-Riecke (0.441, 0,608 ve 0.111), karaçam tomruklarında Centroid (-0,444, 0.901 ve -0,141), ve sedir tomruklarında ise uçlardaki çaplar ortalaması (-0,104, 0,811 ve -0,038) şeklinde bulunmuştur.
Problems of Implementation of Principles of Transparency and Accessibility in the System of Scientific Personnel Certification in the Russian Federation
Authors: Bekin A. V. , Zbaratskiy B. A.
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to the implementation of the principles of transparency and accessibility in legal acts regulating the procedure of academic certification in Russia. The authors highlight two characteristic properties of legal principles of accessibility and transparency. The paper examines the manifestation of principles of transparency and accessibility in federal legislation and local regulations of organizations that have the right to award academic degrees independently. The authors have determined local regulations subject to mandatory official publication in order to have the principle of publicity implemented. The paper provides examples of violations of the requirements of the current legislation in local regulations on the issues of independent awarding of academic degrees. The conclusion is made about the need for additional study of local regulation in order to eliminate contradictions and bring it into line with the principles of transparency and accessibility.
The Value as a Basic Category of Domestic Constitutional Axiology
Authors: Burla V. M.
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to one of the most debatable issues of modern constitutional axiology, namely: the definition of the nature, essence and role of values. The author consistently reveals the significance of the category “value” in a philosophical discourse, in general axiology of law, and in the context of constitutional law. For constitutional axiology, the category of “value” appears as a multifaceted phenomenon, for which there is no common understanding today. The paper provides for differnt ways of solving this difficult task by philosophers of law and constitutionalists, i.e. to give an optimal definition of the category “a constitutional value”. Scholars determinate constitutional values through the categories of “purpose”, “priority”, “principle”, “ideal”, “idea”, “goal”, etc. On the basis of an assessment of existing approaches, the author defines her standing concerning the content of constitutional values and proposes her own definition of this basic category based on the attitude to values of the constitutional order as ideal models of the human, social and state development, acting as criterion used in the implementation and interpretation of the Constitution to achieve balanced constitutional protection of the human being, his rights and freedoms, the foundations of the constitutional order, morality, health, rights and legitimate interests of all members of the society, as well as defence of the country and security of the State.
Legal Regulation of the Activities of Operational Units of Law Enforcement Agencies in Maritime Spaces
Authors: Mikhaylova L. V.
Published: May 2021

The paper deals with the problems of control over crime in the sea, contradictions and gaps in regulations that determine the procedure for considering reports of crimes, conducting operational-search measures when committing criminal acts outside the Russian Federation. The existing legal regimes in the sea do not take into account the specifics of operational search activities and, therefore, are not applicable for detecting, suppressing and solving crimes, as well as making decisions on received messages and statements. The author formulates recommendations for law enforcement officers, as well as makes proposals for improving international tools and departmental regulations aimed at solving the problem associated with ensuring compliance with the rules of law in the sea. It is important to note that the improvement and expansion of law enforcement capabilities can be achieved through the adoption of effective measures that combine the introduction of relevant provisions into national legislation, as well as international cooperation of many states.
Breve apresentação da Formação de Formadores em Educação Ambiental e Política Pública brasileira: Potência de Agir ou Força de Existir estimulada pelo Coletivo Educador Ambiental de Campinas (COEDUCA)/Brasil
Authors: Buonavoglia Costa-Pinto Alessandra
Published: May 2021

Esse texto apresenta uma análise da formação de formadores em educação ambiental (EA) desenvolvida pelo Coletivo Educador Ambiental de Campinas (COEDUCA), estimulada por uma política pública no Brasil. O objetivo foi formar educadoras/es ambientais numa perspectiva crítica, libertária e emancipatória, buscando conferir maior poder de regulação da sociedade sobre o Estado, ou seja, formar cidadãs e cidadãos atuantes na defesa e ampliação de seus direitos e que se autodeterminam a agir para, assim, contribuir com a construção de sociedades sustentáveis. O foco analítico é o aumento e/ou diminuição da potência de agir.
A mudança climática global na perspectiva dos professores de ciências naturais e as potencialidades para a educação ambiental
Authors: De Oliveira Tozato Mariana , Andrade Torales Campos Marília
Published: May 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a mudança climática global no contexto escolar. Os dados foram coletados com um grupo de professores da rede pública do município de Curitiba/PR (Brasil). A pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar a relação que os professores de Ciências Naturais do 6º e 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental constroem entre conteúdos de sua disciplina (efeito estufa, camada de ozônio, dióxido de carbono) e a mudança climática global, considerando o potencial que estes conteúdos possuem para realização de ações no campo da Educação Ambiental.  Assim, definiu-se na base teórica o apoio de autores como: Artaxo (2014), González-Gaudiano e Meira-Cartea (2009) e Teixeira e Torales (2014). Adotou-se a metodologia qualitativa, com a coleta de dados feita por meio da realização de entrevista com os professores. Na análise dos dados percebeu-se que os participantes relacionavam os conteúdos que ministram com a mudança climática global, embora sem articulação com as demais áreas do conhecimento, o que restringe a interpretação do fenômeno que caracteriza-se como complexo, híbrido e requer um esforço interdisciplinar para sua compreensão.
Olhar para cima: como sensibilizar gestores públicos para a conservação da biodiversidade
Authors: Mayr Luiz Roberto , De Oliveira Faria Salema Claudia
Published: May 2021

A equipe de meio ambiente do Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia, no Brasil, tem por desafio sensibilizar a instituição para a importância da conservação da biodiversidade, quando percebe que a minimização dos impactos negativos das operações sobre o ambiente não é priorizada pela gestão. Ocorre que seu Campus de Laboratórios está bem no encontro de três unidades de conservação e promovem a conectividade entre remanescentes de Mata Atlântica, na paisagem periurbana fragmentada da periferia do Rio de Janeiro. Assim, questões como destinação de resíduos, tratamento de efluentes e manutenção de áreas externas não podem ser negligenciadas e devem incluir a recuperação de áreas protegidas degradadas às margens dos rios e nas encostas. Para ganhar espaço na mídia, e na agenda institucional, a equipe promove plantios, trilhas e palestras, abertas aos colaboradores, mas que visam sensibilizar os gestores quanto ao cumprimento da legislação. Com a divulgação do evento e seus resultados, alcança-se à todos, abaixo e acima na hierarquia da instituição. Espera-se assim maior empenho dos gestores nas questões ambientais. Este trabalho apresenta um panorama da Educação Ambiental no Inmetro, discute alternativas às práticas consolidadas e avalia sua aplicação, a permitir o seu futuro aperfeiçoamento.
A EA e os alunos com NEE: Atividades da Vida Diária (AVD), a água e sua utilização sustentável
Authors: Santos Olga , Gomes Carla , Oliveira Mário
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo dar a conhecer atividades desenvolvidas na disciplina de Ciências da Natureza, do 6º ano de escolaridade, com alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), tendo subjacentes Atividades da Vida Diária (AVD) relacionadas com o consumo de água, visando a consciencialização para a importância deste recurso, bem como da necessidade da racionalização do seu consumo. A água potável é um bem cada vez mais escasso, sendo a sua utilização e governança sustentáveis, cada vez mais, um propósito que deverá envolver Toda a comunidade, o que implica incluir crianças/jovens com NEE, as quais poderão/deverão também contribuir para alcançar tais desígnios. Considerando a Escola uma instituição de ensino e aprendizagem essencialmente formal, onde o conhecimento do recurso água, a sua gestão e utilização sustentáveis são conteúdos curriculares de abordagem obrigatória para todos os alunos, foi elaborado um conjunto de atividades práticas alicerçadas nas AVD, permitindo dessa forma o envolvimento direto dos alunos com NEE nas mesmas, tornando-os cidadãos de pleno direito, mais conhecedores e, consequentemente, mais interventivos na comunidade e ambiente que integram.
Crianças com NEE, Ensino Experimental das Ciências e Educação Ambiental: perspetiva integradora
Authors: Sousa Cátia , Pinto dos Santos Olga María , Oliveira Mario
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo tem como finalidade dar a conhecer algumas atividades desenvolvidas com alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), pertencentes a uma turma de 1.º ano de escolaridade, recorrendo à metodologia enformada pelo Ensino Experimental das Ciências e a temáticas ambientais pertinentes, como, por exemplo, a utilização da água enquanto recurso cada vez mais escasso, domínio em que a Educação Ambiental se revela preponderante.  Pretende-se que os alunos com NEE sejam cidadãos o mais autónomos e interventivos possível, numa sociedade cada vez mais complexa e consumista, onde as escolhas de todos em geral, e de cada um em particular, poderão fazer a diferença em termos de utilização racional e sustentável de recursos escassos e ameaçados pela má gestão do ser humano. Uma escola inclusiva tem a função, enquanto instituição, de criar condições para que todos os alunos aprendam juntos, independentemente das dificuldades e das diferenças, tal como preconizado pela Declaração de Salamanca. Sendo a temática da água um conteúdo curricular de abordagem obrigatória para todos os alunos, foi elaborado um conjunto de atividades práticas e experimentais com o intuito de os ajudar a tomar consciência da importância da correta gestão da água e do envolvimento de todos para alcançar tal propósito. Na sequência da participação dos alunos nestas atividades, verificou-se que conseguiram fazer conexões com outras realidades relacionadas com a temática, extrapolando para situações do quotidiano.
Programa Ecológico de Guimarães para a Aprendizagem do Desenvolvimento Ambiental Sustentável – PEGADAS
Authors: Ferreira Patrícia , Cristino Jorge , Ribeiro Carlos
Published: May 2021

Inserido no âmbito de um projeto municipal mais amplo que visa o desenvolvimento sustentável do território, o programa PEGADAS – Programa Ecológico de Guimarães para o Desenvolvimento Ambiental Sustentável pretendeu reforçar a educação e sensibilização ambiental num contexto de promoção dos objetivos mundiais consagrados na Agenda 2030 e que impõe como objetivo essencial a garantia da aquisição de “conhecimento e habilidades necessárias para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável por meio da educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável e estilos de vida sustentáveis”, ao mesmo tempo que coloca como prioritários os eixos da proteção ambiental, através do uso de energias renováveis, ação contra as alterações climáticas, proteção da vida marinha e terrestre, produção e consumos sustentáveis ou desenvolvimento de comunidades sustentáveis (Centro Regional das Nações Unidas para a Europa Ocidental, 2016). Tem como princípios a equidade, a transversalidade e a abrangência de ação nas suas interações com as escolas em particular e a comunidade alargada no geral.
A educação ambiental na sustentabilidade da vida em uma experiência de alfabetização de catadores
Authors: De Castro Gomes Dinorá , Lessa Catalão Vera Margarida
Published: May 2021

Inserido no universo da educação ambiental este artigo apresenta uma discussão, decorrente de uma pesquisa de doutorado, sobre a contribuição da Educação Ambiental para alfabetização e formação humana junto a uma turma de trabalhadores em uma cooperativa de catadores de resíduos sólidos na cidade de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. A experiência buscou interfaces entre a Educação Ambiental (EA) e a Educação Popular (EP), tendo como referência a transversalidade, conforme René Barbier, e a educação libertadora, na concepção de Paulo Freire. A observação participante, a roda de conversa e as entrevistas semiestruturadas foram procedimentos utilizados para construção dos dados. A experiência ampliou o olhar em relação ao papel socioambiental dos catadores e à relevância da educação ambiental como geradora da percepção de pertencimento do catador à sociedade humana. Enfatizou o reconhecimento do catador como um profissional, de acordo com a lei 12.305/2010, que institui a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, e favoreceu o enfrentamento do sentimento de marginalidade. Ressalta-se a importância da contribuição da EA para a efetivação de uma educação transformadora, fortalecendo os princípios da EP. Elos submersos emergiram ao articular o compromisso com as mudanças sociais e com a sustentabilidade da teia da vida em escala local e planetária.
Valores ambientais no Nordeste brasileiro: educação para a convivência no semiárido pernambucano
Authors: Camboim Lopes de Andrade Maria Waleska , Francelino Rodrigues Gerlânia , Lima da Silva Tamires
Published: May 2021

Estreitar relações entre as instituições que começaram a partilhar uma área geograficamente delimitada, dispondo-se a preservar suas características naturais e possibilitar o desenvolvimento sustentável é o problema que direcionou o estudo cujos primeiros resultados aquí se relata. O local é conhecido como Fazenda Saco, área de 3.200 hectares situada no Sertão do Pajeú, administrada pelo Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA). Dentre as instituições beneficiárias da partilha estão a Unidade Acadêmica de Serra Talhada, o Parque Estadual Mata da Pimenteira e o Assentamento Ivan Souto de Oliveira. Objetivou-se delinear a identidade cultural e ecológica da comunidade de moradores da Fazenda Saco, de maneira a, numa etapa subsequente, e fundamentado nos valores que os seus membros julgam importantes, adaptar um programa de treinamento sobre os valores Cooperação e Respeito, visando tornar a relação cultura/ambiente enriquecedora para todos. O método de pesquisa-ação possibilitou identificar dados socioeconómicos e o que orienta a preocupação ambiental da comunidade residente na Fazenda Saco (preocupação biosférica, altruista ou egoística). Essa metodologia permitiu establecer também um início de relação cooperativa entre as instituições envolvidas e o respeito mútuo.
O Método de Paulo Freire na Educação Ambiental com o uso de aplicativo de informática para dispositivos móveis
Authors: Dos S. Rocha Osilene , Da Silva Marta Luisa Alves , Lopes Isabel M.
Published: May 2021

O problema ambiental está relacionado ao comportamento humano, demonstrado na falta de consciência necessária à preservação da natureza. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é verificar a viabilidade do Método Paulo Freire na prática ensino-aprendizagem de educação ambiental, por meio da utilização de um aplicativo de computador, em dispositivos móveis, com o objetivo de conscientizar sobre a questão da preservação do meio ambiente. A pesquisa qualitativa utilizou o estudo de caso. A pesquisa baseou-se no Método Paulo Freire, considerando o princípio do diálogo no ato educativo. A metodologia, desenvolvida por meio da análise de práticas pedagógicas realizadas em uma escola de ensino fundamental, utilizou os jogos informatizados como ferramenta pedagógica. A pesquisa baseou-se no princípio do diálogo no ato educativo de Paulo Freire. Os resultados parciais confirmam as afirmações de Rabelo (2011) e Silva (2007) quando afirmam que o uso pedagógico do software, integrado às dimensões dialógicas do conhecimento adquirido, por meio dos círculos de cultura, gera a socialização dos alunos, transformando as concepções de alunos sobre o meio ambiente. Com base nos resultados, esta pesquisa propõe o método freiriano de ensino ao processo educacional, integrado ao uso de aplicativos para dispositivos móveis, sinalizando uma educação renovada e alinhada a novos contextos sociais.
Declaração Samé Nuna. Linhas de Reflexão e Ação
Authors: Samé Nuna Declaração
Published: May 2021

Dada a escala, riqueza e complexidade académica, social e cultural dos produtos que chegaram à comissão relatora, dando conta das visões, recomendações, propostas, desafios e reflexões, fruto dos painéis, da apresentação de comunicações, das conferências plenárias, das mesas redondas, dos eventos paralelos e outras atividades do congresso, estamos conscientes, pela nossa própria natureza humana que a proposta que aqui apresentamos é mais um conjunto de intuições que de conclusões.Na abertura o presidente do Príncipe colocou-nos uma pergunta que poderia fazer parte da filosofia da rede de educadores e educadoras ambientais dos países de Língua Portuguesa e Galiza: como poderemos, ainda, edificar a esperança, junto das nossas comunidades, depois do esgotamento de algumas certezas que, nalguns casos, supúnhamos intemporais e, até, tinham suporte cultural, aparentemente insubstituível, que suportavam a nossa velha ideia de progresso económico e social?A presente declaração aponta possíveis linhas para responder a essa questão. Neste sentido, partimos da necessidade de que a CPLP e todas as entidades envolvidas, apoiem os seguintes pontos gerais.
eSport como factor económico
Authors: Vargas-Olarte Carlos Eduardo
Published: May 2021

En el campo del entretenimiento deportivo, se presenta un hecho que es notorio debido a: 1. un crecimiento exponencial del número de practicantes, audiencias y aficionados 2. una alta rentabilidad de los negocios con perspectivas de un crecimiento significativo en los próximos años. Se trata del eSport (Deporte Electrónico), una actividad  que no es reconocida como disciplina deportiva por el Comité Olímpico Internacional, debido a dos factores: 1. Al énfasis que se le coloca al movimiento físico como atributo principal para ser considerada una disciplina deportiva. 2. Al rechazo general de los contenidos de violencia, agresividad y destrucción de algunos juegos (e-Gaming). Este artículo se propone dimensionar la importancia del eSport como un factor económico consecuencia de haber desarrollado un producto lo suficientemente atractivo para la población joven que por lo general representan intereses que no están  en pro de los deportistas, los aficionados y los diferentes grupos de interés. En el caso del eSport esta situación no afecta a los interesados quienes están dispuestos a seguir pagando para disfrutar de su entretenimiento.