bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan aplikasi digital dalam penyusunan laporan keuangan pada usaha mikro: Studi kasus pada 7W Coffee
Authors: Pontoh Natasha Maria Angela , Gamaliel Hendrik , Kapojos Peter M.
Published: February 2024

Information technology has a significant impact on Accounting Information Systems (AIS) in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). One application that has been developed is "AkuntansiKu" which can assist in presenting financial reports programmed into the application system, such as the Income Statement, Statement of Changes in Capital, and Cash Flow Statement. This study aims to investigate whether the application of digital applications can facilitate the presentation of financial statements in accordance with standards. The analysis method used is descriptive qualitative analysis by collecting data through interviews. The results showed that the application of digital applications such a s "AkuntansiKu" can help MSMEs in presenting complete financial reports and in accordance with standards. This provides great benefits for companies in producing an easier recording process and accountable reporting.
Sterility of Ophthalmic Solutions as a Factor in the Evolution of Primary Packaging for Eye Drops: A Literature Review
Authors: Ivanov Ivan , Akhmedova Diana , Koroleva Yulia , Shatalov Denis
Published: February 2024

Preservatives in eye drops, while not always necessary, can lead to undesirable effects. Developing preservative-free solutions demands special measures for sterility, utilizing multidose or monodose primary packaging. This review explores the merits and drawbacks of these packaging types. A literature search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE until December 2023, using MESH terms, yielded 28 studies on multidose ampoules and 24 on monodose packaging. Heterogeneous data revealed advantages and disadvantages concerning patient use and manufacturing. Chronologically presenting the development of eye drop packaging, this study finds Droptainer® simple but unable to maintain sterility. Comod®, 3K®, ABAK®, Novelia®, and Ophthalmic Squeeze Dispenser show high sterility probability, with Comod® and ABAK® having a contamination risk. Novelia® excels with long-term sterility and better control. Ophthalmic Squeeze Dispenser, FDA-approved, boasts a smaller carbon footprint. Unit-dose systems preserve sterility and offer design flexibility. Proposing an alternative, blister technology maintains sterility, is convenient and safe, and holds promise for recycling. This comprehensive assessment aids in understanding the evolving landscape of eye drop packaging, emphasizing the importance of sterility, convenience, and environmental impact.
Olva Odlum BDS MSc LDS, the First Female Faculty Member in Manitoba and Dentist to the Indigenous Population.
Authors: Gelbier Stanley
Published: February 2024

Olva Odlum qualified as a dentist in England but went on to make a professional life in Canada. She became the first female member of the Manitoba dental faculty and provided care for many dentally deprived groups, including disabled patients, those with cancer and members of the First Nation tribes.
https://apollonia.histden.org/Presto/content/Detail.aspx?ctID=YWY2YjRhYWUtOGZmOC00OTI4LThiN2UtMjY0MWVmOWM2YzVi&rID=MTA3Mg==&qrs=RmFsc2U=&q=KEpIRF9BcnRpY2xlcy5Wb2x1bWU6KDcxIDIpKQ==&qcf=YWY2YjRhYWUtOGZmOC00OTI4LThiN2UtMjY0MWVmOWM2YzVi&ph=VHJ1ZQ==&bckToL=VHJ1ZQ==&rrtc=VHJ1ZQ==
Authors: Mascolo Gian Luca , Calabrese Nicolino , Eramo Stefano
Published: February 2024

Two prominent personalities in Medicine, Lorenz Heister (1683-1758) and Xavier Bichat (1771-1802), compete for the attribution of the discovery of the buccal fat pad (BFP). A careful reading of the original texts reported here, seems to identify Bichat as the first to describe the BFP. However, Heister most probably was the first to describe an accessory parotid gland.
History of Orthodontics in Brazil – Postgraduate Education
Authors: de Vasconcellos Vilella Oswaldo
Published: February 2024

Orthodontics in Brazil underwent significant transformations in the 1950s when several dentists returned to the country after completing advanced education courses in the specialty abroad. The first two orthodontic associations, in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, were constituted in 1955 and 1959. The specialty’s first event with characteristics of a professional meeting occurred in São Paulo in 1957, and Postgraduate Orthodontic education became available. This paper aims to describe the central insights of the constitution and evolving of the education of Orthodontics in Brazil.
Unusual Dentists’ Advertisements from the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics
Authors: Swanson Ben Z., Jr. , Croll Theodore P.
Published: February 2024

The 1932 Olympiad in Los Angeles was not only transformative to the City of Los Angeles but also successful due to the efforts of several dedicated men. The Games were promoted by selected publicity that involved certain types of print media including stamps produced by the United States Postal Service. Advertising “seals” involved a vast number of businesses and products and all this added up to make the depression era Olympic Games successful. Included in the advertising seals were some participating California dentists. Those known dentists are shown here.
Epidemiological Profile of Patients Presenting with Tibia Fractures in a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pandey NItesh Raj
Published: February 2024

Introduction: There is a lack of epidemiological studies on tibia fractures in our part of the world. This study aims to describe the epidemiological profile of the patients presenting with tibia fractures in a tertiary care center. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center between September 1, 2017, and October 30, 2019. Hospital records were screened, and patients admitted with the diagnosis of tibia fractures were included in the study. Records with missing information, incomplete diagnoses, and admissions for non-orthopedic problems were excluded. A convenient sampling method was used. Continuous data were reported as mean ± standard deviation and categorical data as frequency (percentage). Results: A total of 542 patients with 557 tibia fractures were included. The mean age of the patients was 32.61±14.98 years; 422 (77.85%) were males and 120 (22.15%) were females; 103 (19.01%) were less than 20 years, 271 (50%) were 20-40 years, 139 (25.64%) were 41-60 years, and 29 (5.35%) were more than 60 years. The mechanism of injury included Low-energy fall in 44 (8.12%) patients, High-energy fall in 22 (4.06%) patients, road traffic accidents in 440 (81.18%) patients, and others in 36 (6.64%) patients. Among road traffic accidents, pedestrians were 177 (40.23%), Motorbike accidents were 242 (55%), and Car/heavy vehicle accidents were 21 (4.77%). Conclusion: Most patients with tibia fractures were 20-40 years old. RTA, especially motorbike accidents, was the most common mechanism of injury. Most findings in this study were comparable to those reported by published epidemiological studies. Keywords: Epidemiological Studies, Motorbike Accidents, Prevalence, Road Traffic Accidents, Tibia Fractures
Functional and Radiological Outcomes of Double Endobutton Fixation for Acute Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Dislocation
Authors: Sitaula Jyoti
Published: February 2024

Introduction: There are various surgeries described in the literature for acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation. These surgeries have their own advantage and disadvantages. We routinely practice the double endobutton technique for acute AC joint dislocation for Rockwood type III-VI injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome using the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Rating Scale and also assess the biomechanical stability coracoclavicular distance (CC) distance radiographically. Methods: This was a prospective observational study done in twenty-five patients selected by convenience sampling method. The double endobutton was made using two 4.5 mm endobutton and fiber wire. The clavicular tunnel and coracoid tunnel were made, the endobutton was flipped underneath the coracoid, and the construct was tightened and secured. Results: The functional outcome was measured using the University of California and Laos Angle Shoulder rating scale (UCLA), which showed an average score of 30.24. The score was excellent in 80%and fair in 20% of the cases. The radiological outcome was measured using CC distance, and a comparison was made between uninjured and injured limbs, which was not statistically significant (p=0.57). The immediate postop CC distance was compared in one year, which also did not show any statistical significance difference (p=0.074). Conclusion: AC joint repair using double endobutton had excellent functional outcomes and radiological outcomes. Keywords: Acromioclavicular Joint; Coracoclavicular Distance; Endobutton.
C-reactive Protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Levels in Chronic Low Back Pain Patients
Authors: Dahal Saurav
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Lumbar disc degenerative disease, intervertebral disc herniation, lumbar stenosis, and arthritis are usual causes of chronic nonspecific low back pain. Patients with acute lumbosciatic pain usually have elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as highly sensitive C-reactive protein. However, studies that analyze the levels of Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive proteins in patients with chronic low back pain are insufficient. Hence, this study aimed to assess the value of these markers for the determination of inflammation in patients with chronic low back pain. Method: A cross-sectional, hospital-based, observational study was conducted after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. The study started on Feb 20, 2023, and lasted till Aug 10, 2023. Statistical analysis of the level of inflammatory markers was done by evaluating their mean values. Results: 120 patients who presented with nonspecific chronic low back pain were evaluated clinical-radiologically and sent for blood investigations. The mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 11.54 mm/h, and the mean C-reactive protein level was 5.90 mg/L. Blood sedimentation rate was found to have a significant positive correlation with increasing age and female sex. Conclusion: Chronic nonspecific low back pain does not elicit a systemic inflammatory response, as evidenced by normal ESR and CRP levels. Keywords: Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Low back pain
A Rare Combination of Clubfoot and Down Syndrome: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Gurung Yam Prakash
Published: February 2024

Down syndrome (DS) is commonly associated with pesplanovalgus among foot disorders due to hypotonia and joint laxity. Soft tissue contractures around the ankle and foot are implicated as the pathoanatomy in the case of Clubfoot, which is different from DS. Few cases of Clubfoot have been reported in association with DS. We report two cases of Clubfoot in association with DS, which were treated with the ponseti method and gave a good result. Keywords: clubfoot, CTEV, case report, downs syndrome, hyperlaxity
Mid-Term Functional and Radiological Outcomes in Patients with Rockwood Type III Acromioclavicular Dislocation Treated with Percutaneous Double Endobutton and Fibre Wire Technique
Authors: Gupta Mithilesh Kumar
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Surgical treatment for type III ACJ dislocation remains controversial among orthopedic surgeons, with wide options of techniques and devices. Our study aims to review the functional and radiological outcomes after percutaneous fixation for type III acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation using the double Endobutton and fiber wire device. Method: In this prospective study, 39 participants were intervened with percutaneous reconstruction of dislocated ACJ. Final evaluation was done by recording the DASH score, VAS, and Constant score and measuring the coracoclavicular (CC) distance before surgery and at the final follow-up (six-month postoperative period). Results: The mean time to return to work was 9.2 (range, 6–12) weeks. The mean final Constant score was 0.67±1.2. The VAS and DASH also diminished significantly by the final follow-up at six months. The CC distance decreased to 9.93±2.2 at six months. In two patients, conversion to open procedure was required. Conclusion: Percutaneous double endo button fiber wire fixation is quick, uncomplicated, and less expensive, with low complications and high functional satisfaction. Keywords: Acromioclavicular joint; Dislocation; Percutaneous fixation
Functional Outcome of Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Hamstring Autograft
Authors: Yadav Deependra
Published: February 2024

Introduction: There are many autograft and allograft options available for ACL reconstruction. The use of hamstring autograft has become popular nowadays due to ease of harvest and less donor site morbidity. We have routinely been doing arthroscopic ACLR with hamstring autograft in our center. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcome of arthroscopic ACLR with hamstring autograft. Method: This prospective study was done in National Trauma Center, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu from June 2019 to June 2020. Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction was done using hamstring autograft fixed with endobutton on the femoral side and bioabsorbable screw on the tibial side. Functional outcome was measured with IKDC score, Lysholm score, and return to pre-injury status. Results: A total of 28 cases were included in the study. At the final follow-up, mild to moderate pain was present in seven patients (25%). Nine patients had numbness around the knee. Seven cases (25%) had grade I laxity with a hard endpoint. 82% of the patients had excellent to good functional outcomes, and 93% of cases had normal to near normal IKDC scores. 79% of patients returned to pre-injury level. Conclusion: Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with hamstring auto-graft has good to excellent functional outcomes, with the majority of patients returning to pre-injury status following compliance with physiotherapy. Keywords: ACL, Arthroscopic Reconstruction, Hamstring Autograft, IKDC, Lysholm Score
Non-lethal multiple pterygium syndrome (Escobar syndrome) with bilateral radial club hands: A case report
Authors: Gurung Yam Prakash
Published: February 2024

Escobar Syndrome, the non-lethal variant of multiple pterygium syndrome (MPS), is a rare disorder. It is a subgroup of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita characterized by multiple webbing, fixed joint contractures, and distinctive facies like antimongoloid eyes, ptosis, micrognathia, low-set ears, high-arched palate, down-turned corners of lips, epicanthal folds, and long philtrum. Radial club hand is an uncommon congenital anomaly, and there is a loss of position on the radial aspect of the wrist because of the absence of the radius. This case has a very rare association between Escobar syndrome and bilateral radial club hands, and explores management strategies to improve function Keywords: Escobar syndrome, multiple pterygium syndrome, radial club hand
A simple but useful technique using artery forceps for reduction of difficult Type III supracondylar fractures in children: A descriptive study
Authors: KC Kapil Mani
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) is a gold standard technique for displaced Gartland type III supracondylar fractures of humerus in children. However, it is sometimes very difficult to have satisfactory closed reduction and may require open reduction which is inherently associated with a number of complications. The aim of our study is to introduce the artery forceps technique for reduction of difficult type III pediatric supracondylar fractures and assess the functional outcomes after surgery. Method: This was the descriptive analytical study conducted from from April 2021 to March 2023. All patients with Type III Gartland supracondylar fractures which were not reduced successfully after three unsuccessful attempts of closed reduction were included in the study. Study variables included age, sex, mechanism of injury, time to complete the surgery, Baumann’s angle, flexion and extension deficit of elbow and carrying angle (Flynn’s criteria). Results: Average time to complete the surgical procedure was 20.74±3.78 minutes. Mean Baumann’s angle at the time of removal of K wire was 73.09±1.77 degree. Final functional outcomes three months after surgery based on Flynn’s criteria showed that 25(80.64%) patients had excellent results, 5 (16.13%) patients had good outcomes while 1 (3.23%) patient had fair result. Conclusion: Artery forceps inserted into the fracture site through a small nick in skin which facilitates to reduce the distal fragment by levering the artery forceps at proximal fragment, is a simple, reliable and very effective technique for reduction of complicated type III supracondylar fracture of humerus in children which otherwise requires open reduction. Keywords: Artery Forceps; Children; Closed Reduction; Humerus; Type III Supracondylar fracture
Does intramedullary K-wire buried under the skin justify the treatment for both-bone forearm fracture in children? : A descriptive analytical study
Authors: KC Kapil Mani
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Surgical treatment including intramedullary K wire fixation is desirable for unstable pediatric both bone fracture to avoid angulation, rotational deformity and refracture ensuring optimal functional outcomes. However, it is debatable to leave free end of K wire exposed or to bury underneath the skin. The aim of the study is to assess the functional outcomes and complications after intramedullary K wire buried under the skin for pediatric both bone fracture. Method: This is a prospective analytical study performed from 15 August 2021 to 15 February 2023. This study included unstable closed diaphyseal forearm facture in children aged between 5 and 13 years treated with intramedullary K wires which were buried inside the skin. Study variables included demographical profiles, fracture pattern, time for surgical intervention, Modified Flynn et al criteria, time to unite the fracture and any associated complications). Results: Mean age of the patient in our study was 8.70±2.17 years. Average time required to unite the fracture was 3.15±0.62 months. Thirty-Four (97.2%) patients had excellent outcomes; one (2.8%) patient had good functional outcomes based on Modified Flynn et al criteria. Nine (25.7%) patients had bursa formation at proximal aspect of ulnar K wire while one patient (2.8%) had superficial infection at olecranon site. Conclusion: Intramedullary K wire for pediatric diaphyseal both bone fractures is excellent surgical technique. Even though controversy exist between exposed K wires and those buried underneath the skin, buried K wires have reasonable advantages and less side effects in terms of infection and overall functional outcomes. Keywords: Both bone; Bury; Forearm fracture; Functional outcomes; Intramedullary K wire
Assessment Of Witness Testimonials As Evidence In Civil Cases
Authors: Taru Padang Paulus Tiku
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate and explain the judge's judgment of witness testimony as evidence in the judge's decision. The study employed a normative legal research technique with primary legal sources. In accordance to the author, this judge's reasoning is incorrect due to the fact that there is an oral agreement between the plaintiff and the defendant, which is confirmed by testimony from witnesses and expert witnesses, it cannot be classified as a breach of contract because it does not meet the requirements set forth in Article 58 of the Indonesian Civil Code. The rules and regulations of Article 58 of the Indonesian Civil Code are coercive legal provisions (dwingend recht). Article 58 of the Indonesian Civil Code contains three conditions: 1. The vows of marriage must be registered in the civil registry; 2. Civil registration officials must declare the marriage plans on the notice board; and 3. Claims/lawsuits must be filed within 18 months of the marriage announcement. The judge's assessment that the defendant had broken his vow was incorrect. As a result, the participation of the witness in providing information in collaboration with other witnesses cannot be used to prove the marriage commitment.
Prospects of Sociology at Dhaka University: Linking SDGs and Other National Development Agendas
Authors: Nasir Rasheda Irshad , Amanullah ASM
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the background history of the origin and development of the Department of Sociology at the University of Dhaka. It examines how the department’s foundation in 1957 was the direct outcome of the modernization project adopted and implemented by western nations, universities, and social scientists. Moreover, this chapter will discuss how the department has contributed to understanding social change in Bangladesh, both theoretically and empirically. The authors of this chapter have further identified various academic traditions developed and nurtured by former faculty members and updated by the department’s current scholars. The chapter also links Sociology courses with 2030 SDG targets and discuss the potential of the department in the near future.
Democracy, State, and Interest Groups in Bangladesh: A Political Sociology Perspective
Authors: Uddin A.K.M. Jamal , Eyemoon Eashrat Jahan
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the democracy, state, and interest groups in Bangladesh from a political Sociology perspective. The authors argued that the democracy of a state should be characterized by high levels of political involvement, numerous political parties, a growing middle class, a dynamic civil society, and regular elections. Like many other countries, Bangladesh has been facing a crisis of democracy and democratic values. Though Bangladesh has made a global impression in terms of economic and developmental growth, the country still contains a violent political culture and an unstable administration beset by corruption and military autocracy. The chapter highlights the interrelationship among democracy, state, and vested interest groups in post-1990s Bangladesh. The focus of the chapter is to address the national and international trends and prospects of sociology on democracy and future academic research in these areas, strategies to reach international standards in teaching and research of nationalism and democracy, future activities to coordinate with the international arena, and support for national goals and interest.
Environmental Sociology and Sustainability Perspective in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossen M. Anwar
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the role of environmental Sociology from a sustainability perspective in Bangladesh. Environmental Sociology is one of the major branches of Sociology to explore the relationship between natural resources, development policy, and community livelihood in Bangladesh. More specifically, water development perspective performs a major role in natural resource management and has significance for sustainable development in terms of environmental and community sustainability. The author argues that since World War II, water development is dominated by Western technocentric perspective under the policy prescriptions of liberal and neoliberal development. This chapter focuses on five major sections. The first section, the introduction, provides an overview of the literature relevant to the chapter's main argument: environmental sociology and understanding the political ecology of water development in Bangladesh. The second section focuses on data analyses related to the Human Exceptionalism Paradigm (HEP) and the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) in the context of Bangladesh. More specifically, based on the data analyses, the third section specifies the subject matter of Environmental Sociology in Bangladesh. The fourth section describes the tasks ahead in promoting this sub discipline to address the ongoing thematic points of distributional justice, climate justice, and environmental justice.
Constraints of Teaching and Research in Sociology
Authors: Akter Tahsina
Published: February 2024

This chapter tries to understand the constraints of teaching and research in Sociology. In Bangladesh, teaching and research in social sciences are at a crossroads. The realities of social issues have emerged, which have attracted the attention of different disciplines. The Department of Sociology of the University of Dhaka being the largest and leading sociology program in the country has been instrumental in addressing social issues from its theoretical and empirical perspectives. The vibrant research and academic scholars in the department and the Social Science faculty have endeavored to transform the social science discipline into a dynamic body of knowledge. Adopting a home-grown approach based on practical and theoretical knowledge can boost the efforts of Social Sciences teaching and research in Bangladesh. This chapter addresses the constraints of teaching and research on social issues in Bangladesh and the possibilities of connecting development and underdevelopment issues in sociological studies. This chapter also addresses the strategies of quality teaching, research, and linkage possibilities of the Department of Sociology with other academic and industrial entities.
Rethinking Development and Development Sociology in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Khairul
Published: February 2024

This chapter follows contemporary post-structuralism theories and post-development scholars to rethink development strategies and pedagogy in Sociology in Bangladesh in a preliminary way, imagining Sonar Bangla, a just and egalitarian society that transcends modernization, Westernization, and the difficulty of unending economic progress. In what follows, first, the author critically reviews the theories of development and post-development to provide context and how post-development scholarship challenges mainstream development theories and their Eurocentric, colonial, and neoliberal qualities. Second, the author examines the meaning and practices of development in Bangladesh to date to understand the nature of Bangladesh's development perspectives. Next, the author deals with critical social and ecological challenges of development perspectives in Bangladesh. Finally, he explores and examines the roles and agenda of development Sociology at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, and the extent to which it is engaged with contemporary development practices in the country and, more importantly, with contemporary post-development theories and pedagogy.
Rethinking the Agrarian Question for Bangladesh: In Search of a New Frontier
Authors: Kundu Debasish Kumar
Published: February 2024

This chapter explores the recent agrarian question for Bangladesh. Why were peasant societies essential to study in sociology? How did sociology emphasize peasant studies? In this context, the author explores the dynamics of rural society and our striving for possible strategies to reach international standards in teaching and research. This chapter focuses on the nature of transformation in a peasant society in global and local literature by attempting a literature review. The author also explores the content and trends of peasant studies in global academia with a historical overview, and reviews the condition and research landscape upon which the emergence of peasant studies in Bangladesh was possible. Relying on global and local literature, this chapter follows some strategies based on what sociology can contribute to further development of peasant studies. The author also discusses the possible forms of collaboration with national and international partners and proposes a new manifesto for peasant studies in the age of the fourth industrial revolution in connection with SDGs. Finally, the concluding section of this chapter reflects on what would be the pertinent questions relating to prospects of peasant society in Bangladesh now and how these questions would be incorporated and translated into curricula and research to guide sustainable rural transformation.
Bangladesh’s Goal Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Cities: A Critical Investigation
Authors: Mondal Lipon
Published: February 2024

This chapter sheds light on Bangladesh’s Goal towards Inclusive and Sustainable Cities. In the author’s opinion, there are serious gaps between the existing urban problems created and sustained by the postcolonial state and neoliberal market and the solutions to those problems offered by the government’s plans and actions. This chapter explores such gaps by critically drawing on the theories of urban transformation, dispossession, and inclusive city, scholarly urban literature on Bangladesh, government’s policy and action reports, and empirical evidence collected from Dhaka. The author argues that unplanned urbanization and corrupt urban practices have made most Bangladeshi cities unequal, unsustainable, and unlivable. He shows that the government’s plans and actions since 1947 for building inclusive and sustainable cities are unrealistic and inadequate. The chapter further demonstrates how incumbent and future governments can achieve urban-related SDGs through re-planning and reorganizing cities for all. The author also proposed policies to create inclusive and sustainable cities in Bangladesh and concludes his chapter by highlighting the problems and prospects of urban life in 21st century Bangladesh.
Sociology of Development in Bangladesh: Discourses and Prospects
Authors: Islam S. Aminul
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses various discourses of sociology of development in Bangladesh. Sociology of development became an emerging field within Sociology in the 1960s as new nations began to appear within the global system punctuated by the Cold War. The author argues that the exploited and oppressed former colonies became the theater of poverty and underdevelopment, death, disease and political fragility. Social sciences set out to develop theories and paradigms to understand the dynamics of post-colonial societies or what became universally known as the Third World. The objective of this chapter is to encapsulate the progress achieved in this particular domain of knowledge under the constraints of historically entrenched, deep underdevelopment of a peripheral society like Bangladesh and the need for a new theoretical vision to revitalize the dying discourses of development sociology. Both underdevelopment and recent developmental spurts of the country make it a natural laboratory for making such an effort.
Contemporary Changes in Bangladesh Society
Authors: Ahmed A. I. Mahbub Uddin
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the contemporary changes in Bangladesh society. The author argued that Bangladesh, born in the womb of neoliberalism, has witnessed a sea change in cultural politico-economic practices since its birth. The transformation, hitherto unknown in its thousand years of existence, has witnessed the hegemonic rule of a “vampire-like” dead labor (capital), who only “lives by sucking living labour, and lives the more, the more labour it sucks” (Marx, 1867: 224). This sea change is inextricably intertwined with the emergence of a new accumulation regime—accumulation by dispossession under neoliberalism (Harvey, 2005: 159). Like Keynes (1930: 126), the writer is inclined to state that Bangladesh has been slow to realize that we are living in the shadow of great economic and social catastrophes of its history, the working of which the writer does not understand. Against this structural backcloth, the main objective of this chapter is to (a) identify the direction of contemporary social change in Bangladesh, and (b) locate the causes for change. A historical-analytic method is used to collect secondary data involving official documents and content analysis.
Institutionalization of Sociology in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Monirul I.
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the institutionalization of Sociology in Bangladesh, Which is examined here with two purposes, reviewing its present state of functioning and identifying the underlying causes that shaped it in the given form. Towards that goal, several concepts are brought into discussion in terms of their relevance, such as organic growth, diffusion, or structural preconditioning. For clarification, the historical origin of sociology is also taken into consideration in a very brief manner and a number of tentative observations are made to draw plausible inferences about its (sociology) state of functioning in Bangladesh. Although the observations on the state of functioning are not derived from a specific survey, they are empirically grounded in practical experiences and reflected in secondary literature.
Bangabandhu, Bangali National Identity, and Secular Bangladesh: Political Praxes and Challenges
Authors: Huda Zeenat
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses Bangabandhu, Bangali National Identity, and Secular Bangladesh and their Political Praxis and Challenges. It unveils the contribution of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to comprehend his imagination of Bangali National Identity and his doctrine of secularism in the light of Sociological discourse and paradigms. The chapter narrates how these Mujibian philosophical models and political praxes have been challenged in post-1975 Bangladesh by the military bureaucrats with the assistance of local and global religious actors. The importance of the Mujibian notion of secularism, pluralism, and inclusiveness has been narrated in the chapter to obtain quality education at the tertiary level of the university.
Health and Illness During the Pandemic: Theory to Practice
Authors: Habib Shah Ehsan
Published: February 2024

This chapter discusses the issues of health and illness during the pandemic period from theoretical and practical contexts. Infectious diseases are re-emerging as a public health threat in an increasingly globalized era. This chapter aims to give an insight into how Sociological concepts can explain the impacts of a pandemic. The author synthesized the evidence about Sociologists’ contributions to health and pandemic to an extent that usually goes unnoticed by us. The review shows that Sociologists have a significant role to play in our recovery from the pandemic, even though medical science has been at the forefront of the response to the pandemic itself. The analyses and insights Sociologists produce related to emerging health issues during the pandemic can generate support::aiding, directing, and focusing insights from the social sciences. Moreover, Sociologists have a critical role to play in making sure that relevant policymakers and stakeholders may participate in the decisions and choices that impact them and that the views of communities affected by a pandemic are heard in policy discussions.
Effect of Excessive Fluoride in Ground Water on Human Health and Fluorosis
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Bareilly College, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India., Gupta Shalini , Kumar Munish , Agarwal Ruchi , Begum Kahkashan , Jain Vikas , Siddiqui N. U.
Published: February 2024

The issue of fluoride in the geo-environment is one of the most important geo-environmental issues in the coming days. The excessive ingestion of fluoride causes the disease, is called fluorosis. The excessive ingestion of fluoride can result in the development of fluorosis, which is a disease that causes bone loss. The present study focuses on fluoride content in groundwater and its health effects.
ARCYRIA CINEREA (BULL.) PERS. (MYXOMYCETES, TRICHIACEAE) ENCONTRADA EM FEZES DE MOCÓ (KERODON RUPESTRIS WIED-NEUWIED, 1820, RODENTIA: CAVIIDAE)
Authors: Percilia Moura Parente Marcia , Cavalcanti Laise de Holanda
Published: February 2024

Kerodon rupestris Wied-Neuwied, 1820 (Caviidae, Rodentia), conhecido localmente como mocó, é um pequeno roedor nativo da região semiárida do Brasil e seu ambiente natural é a vegetação do domínio Caatinga. Foram realizadas 17 excursões, com quatro dias de duração cada, a fim de inventariar espécies coprófilas de mixomicetos no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, município de São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí, Brasil (8º26’-8º54’S, 42º19’- 42º45’W, 600 m alt.). As coletas foram realizadas em diferentes estações do ano em áreas de caatinga arbórea densa, caatinga arbustiva alta, caatinga arbustivo-arbórea densa baixa, caatinga arbustivo-arbórea densa média e caatinga arbustiva baixa. As amostras de fezes de mocó foram coletadas em buracos nas rochas e sítios arqueológicos e cultivadas em 100 câmaras-úmidas. Apenas 25% dos cultivos foram positivos para mixomicetos, resultando em 24 espécimes, todos eles pertencentes a Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. (Myxogastromycetidae, Trichiales). Este é o primeiro registro de mixomicetos em fezes de K. rupestris, assim como de A. cinerea em ambiente de caatinga no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara.
ESCORPIONISMO EM INDIGENAS DA REGIÃO NORDESTE DO BRASIL: ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DAS NOTIFICAÇÕES AO SINAN DE 2007 A 2014
Authors: Gomez Marcella , Lucena Emerson A.R.M de , Lima Artur Gomes Dias
Published: February 2024

No Brasil, acidentes por escorpiões são considerados de importância médico-sanitária, não só pela incidência, como também pela potencialidade do veneno de algumas espécies e sua letalidade. Objetivando analisar os dados disponíveis sobre a notificação de agravos escorpiônicos em indígenas da região Nordeste do Brasil, o presente estudo, através do Sistema Nacional de Notificação de Agravos (SINAN) realizou um estudo clínico-epidemiológico descritivo, dos dados secundários de notificações de acidentes escorpiônicos com indígenas na região Nordeste do Brasil entre o período de 2007 a 2014, disponíveis no Sinan Net na versão Sinan Web. Nesse banco de dados, entre os anos de 2007 e 2014, foram registradas no Brasil 1748 notificações, das quais 600 casos foram registrados para a região Nordeste. Entre os estados dessa região, Pernambuco e Bahia apresentam os maiores índices de notificação por agravo escorpiônico, leves e relacionados à pacientes masculinos. O uso do SINAN permitiu avaliar o estado epidemiológico relacionado ao escorpionismo em indígenas do Nordeste brasileiro e com isso refletir sobre a necessidade de políticas públicas mais sólidas que visem à qualidade de vida e bem estar dessas populações.
Enhancing the Decision-Making Process and Reliability through Measuring the Effects of Incorporating Social Requirements, New Solutions, and Sustainability Measurements
Authors: Haddad Eva , Wazani Khalid W. , Al-Freijat Saleh Yahya , Kilani Qais , Hanandeh Ahmad
Published: February 2024

In order to investigate and improve the decision-making process and reliability, the purpose of this study was to investigate and measure the effects of combining social requirements, new solutions, and sustainability measurements at private universities in Jordan. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which these components contribute to the enhancement of the decision-making process and the enhancement of reliability within the setting of higher education institutions. In order to examine the hypotheses that were proposed in this research, a total of 278 participants from private institutions in Jordan were involved, and the data that was obtained was subjected to in-depth analysis and debate following its collection. According to the findings of the study, the incorporation of social entrepreneurship components, such as paying attention to social needs or problems, developing innovative solutions, and utilizing sustainability indicators, had a beneficial effect on the decision-making processes and reliability within the context of the institution. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the identification and consideration of social requirements and problems included characteristics such as the scale of social needs, the sense of urgency and immediacy, as well as the underlying reasons and contributing variables. Innovative solutions, which are exemplified by technology integration, scalability and reliability, and collaborative collaborations, have shown themselves to be the second most important variable. The measurement of sustainability was the third key aspect, which included the examination of financial viability, the evaluation of outcomes and effects, as well as the evaluation of adaptation and learning. The study's concentration on Jordan's private universities which provides information that could improve Jordanian education and university efficiency. The study uses a creative approach to illuminate the numerous aspects of social entrepreneurship and their role in establishing Decision making process and reliability success in Jordanian private higher education institutions.
“Experimental Assessment Of Microstructure And Corrosion Properties Of Sg Iron (400/15 Grade) Under As-Cast And Nitrotec Treated Condition”
Authors: Ali Sadique , Husain Dr. Jakeer , Subhani Dr. Amir Raza
Published: February 2024

Spheroidal Graphite (SG) iron castings (conforming to IS 400/15 grade) are made in green sand moulds. Test specimens are then machined from the castings. One set of Specimens is then subjected to Nitrotec Treatment, treating the surface with nitrogen atmosphere which resulted in the formation of Fe3N layer.  The Nitrotec temperature selected is 5700C and 6300C. Specimen is held at this temperature for a fixed duration of 180 minutes and then quenched in quench bath (water based quenchant) maintained at 500C. The effect of Nitrotec Treatment on microstructure and corrosion is studied and compared with as-cast ones. The results of the research indicate the Graphite nodules are more or less uniform and distributed evenly in the ferritic matrix. The nodules count shows an average of 90 nodules/mm2. Corrosion or rusting is essentially a process of oxidation in which iron combines with water and oxygen to form rust, the reddish-brown crust that forms on the surface of the iron. Nitrotec treated specimen treated at 570º C exhibit lower corrosion rate compared with the ones treated at 630º C. This may be due to the higher hardness values obtained for low Nitrotec temperature treated ones. From the above investigation it is clear that the Nitrotec treatment has an effect on the microstructure and corrosion properties of SG iron castings leading to further investigation on Nitrotec treated SG iron by changing different parameters.
Nglangkahi Wedding Traditions in Lengkong Village, Bojong District, Tegal City Based on Urf and Sociology Study
Authors: Sulistiyowati Anita
Published: February 2024

Human behavior in choosing a life partner certainly has its own considerations. Sometimes considerations are not just material issues but also immaterial issues. In carrying out a wedding, there is a tradition that is still preserved and guarded by the community, even though this tradition is an unwritten law, it is certain that every region has living traditions that have been in effect for generations. This tradition must be obeyed by the local community because it is manifested in the form of taboos and even traditional ceremonies. Like the unique tradition in Lengkong Village, Bojong District, Tegal City, the people in this village have beliefs and traditions in a wedding which they usually call "nglangkahi Manten". In the research journal the problem formulation will be published, namely: What is the Ngangkahi tradition, How is the ngangkahi tradition practiced, How is the legal sociology review of the ngangkahi tradition. This researcher used field research located in Lengkong Village, Bojong District, Tegal City. The data source was obtained using interview techniques with several community leaders and practitioners of the ngangkati tradition. Which will contain various kinds of information about the Ngangkahi tradition. The factors that influence the existence belief in the prohibition of stepping over are: fanaticism in the teachings of ancestors, the influence of customs and culture, educational factors and the factor of respect for parental advice.
A Philosophical Study of the Weton Tradition Calculation in Javanese Marriage
Authors: Ratnasari Deshinta
Published: February 2024

This scientific work investigates the ingrained Javanese weton calculation custom, which determines the wedding day. The implication of this research is the need to understand the application of the weton calculation tradition in Javanese marriages. because with the application of the weton calculation tradition, it will make it easier for prospective brides who will marry in their new lives and be more sensitive to the problems that exist around their environment because in marriage, especially regarding the weton tradition, people are quite diverse in expressing their perceptions.  Weton calculation is also considered as an effort and a form to reduce doubts about the durability of the couple's relationship in the future because life is always spinning so the principle of caution must be applied. Three ancient calendars that are often used by Javanese people to calculate weton calculations include the Saka calendar, the Sultan Agung calendar, and the Pranatatani calendar. Weton is categorized as a munkar al-'urf al fasid custom or practice if it is considered an antidote to bad luck and a way to ward off bad luck. Islam uses the term "believing in bad luck" or tahayyur.
Marriage Taboos in the Month of Suro for The Batur People Village, Getasan Regency, District of Semarang
Authors: Muhammad Fahrizal Hakim
Published: February 2024

Javanese tradition has many customs, one of which is the abstinence from marriage in the month of Suro (Muharram). This custom also applies to the people of Semarang Regency, Central Java.  The month of Suro is a very sacred month, this tradition is still held firmly by the people in Central Java, so that people do not have the courage to hold an event, especially a wedding celebration. If you insist on doing a wedding in that month, it can be said to violate a Javanese tradition, so that it will cause misfortune and misery for the bride and groom in navigating the household ark. This research is classified as empirical research. The purpose of this article is to reveal what is behind the prohibition of marriage in the month of Suro and what the restrictions and risks are. This research approach is a case study approach.  The data analysis method used is qualitative data analysis. The Javanese traditional community believes that organizing a wedding in the month of Suro is a day that brings bad luck or bad luck, which when examined through the interview process to community leaders there is no religious rule that prohibits getting married in the month of Suro. The conclusion of this article is that the community still believes in the customs that have existed since the time of the ancestors until now. The community also still marks that the month of Suro is not good for doing anything.
Madureso Tradition Becomes a Marriage Taboo for Prospective Brides in Sucen Area, Bayan Sub-District, Purworejo City
Authors: Nurmala Sari Titik
Published: February 2024

This research is motivated by the culture of the community that still holds customs and is considered a hereditary tradition, they must preserve it should not be abandoned let alone removed. Although socially the current society is very modern, but in certain areas still find traditions that are held firmly by the community regarding the prohibition of madureso marriage which is still carried out until now. Madureso marriage is a prohibition of marriage where parents or elders do not allow their children to marry someone who has the same direction of the house facing mojok wetan or northeast of such a marriage prohibition. This research is a field rieserch and to collect information through interviews with the community and make observations to the place in order to know the implementation directly. The research uses descriptive-analytical analysis techniques. The conclusion is that the prohibition or restriction of marriage has actually been believed or has been followed by the residents of Sucen Purworejo from generation to generation from ancestors. Therefore, the residents of sucen Purworejo believe and do not marry if the bride and groom have a house facing each other. Because they believe that if they violate it, there will be a disaster in the marriage they do.