bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Infectious Diseases from April-June 2024: Periodic Analysis
Authors: Luo Yi , Li Guodan , Lin Lin , Liu Dongliang , Sun Yinfu , Li Taihan , Wu Yufan , Xiang Qi , Yu Wenjin , Gu Dayong
Published: August 2024

Infectious diseases pose a huge threat to human health. Human infectious diseases, especially infections originating from zoonotic or vector-borne sources, are an important global challenge. With the rising number of humans that engage in international travel, infectious disease outbreaks can spread rapidly across continents and borders worldwide. It is therefore important to monitor the transmission of infectious disease efficiently to prevent epidemics. We obtained surveillance data from the Shusi Tech Global Epidemic Information Monitoring System and comprehensively analyzed the timing and location of outbreaks in infected populations from April-June 2024.
Black Lives Matter in Paris 1771 and 2021
Authors: Galili Anna Jörngården
Published: August 2024

This article reads the contemporary monument conflicts connected to the Black Lives Matter movement in France alongside the erection and destruction of fictional monuments in a bestselling utopian novel from three centuries ago: Louis-Sébastien Mercier’s L’An deux mille quatre cent quarante: Rêve s’il en fût jamais (1771). The article throws light on how contemporary BLM interventions in the cityscape respond to still unresolved issues regarding the meaning of liberté, egalité, and fraternité in relation to colonialism, nationalism, and race; examines the discursive mechanisms behind the history of slavery becoming notoriously unremembered in France; and, in conclusion, considers the unrealized utopian potentiality of Mercier’s novel in relation to the most recent projects to memorialize slavery in Paris.
Late diagnosis of partial 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 deficiency – characterization of a new genetic variant
Authors: Øzdemir Cagla Margit , Nielsen Mette Mølby , Liimatta Jani , Voegel Clarissa D , Elzenaty Rawda Naamneh , Wasehuus Victor S , Lind-Holst Marie , Ornstrup Marie Juul , Gram Stine Bjørn , Ousager Lilian Bomme , Flück Christa E , Gravholt Claus H
Published: August 2024

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is one of the most common inherited rare endocrine disorders. This case report presents two female siblings with delayed diagnosis of non-classical CAH 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (3βHSD2D/HSD3B2) despite early hospital admission and apparent CAH manifestations such as infections, hirsutism, menstrual disturbances, and PCOS phenotype. Initially, sister 1 was misdiagnosed with PCOS and then 11-hydroxylase deficiency (CYP11B1), based on ultrasound, biochemical findings, and negative genetic testing for 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CYP21A2). Additional diagnostic workup was performed when sister 2also presented with symptoms of androgen excess. Genetic testing for CAH/steroid disorders finally revealed that both siblings were compound heterozygous for two variants in the HSD3B2 gene: a frameshift variant, c.558dup, p.(Thr187Hisfs*17) and a novel missense variant, c.65T>C, p.(Leu22Ser). A Synacthen test showed an insufficient cortisol increase. In vitro studies of the variants in a cell model revealed loss of function for the p.(Thr187Hisfs*17) and partial activity for p.(Leu22Ser) confirming non-classic CAH. Overlapping symptomatology and lack of specialized knowledge on steroid biosynthesis and associated rarest forms of CAH may explain the delayed diagnosis. However, with newer diagnostic methods comprising a less biased approach, very rare forms of non-classical CAH may no longer be overlooked in the future.

Learning points

Non-classic 3βHSD2 is likely underdiagnosed.

Late diagnosis of mild non-classic 3βHSD2 does occur and one should be aware of this diagnosis.

Early diagnosis of NCCAH may prevent many consequences such as severe hirsutism, prolonged menstrual irregularities, infertility, or even adrenal crisis with severe infections.

Comprehensive steroid profiling and genetic testing should be used earlier, especially when in doubt about a diagnosis.
Prevalence and related factors for neck pain in military personnel: a systematic review
Authors: Tang Le , Zhang Yong-Hui , Du Shu-Hao , Wang Xue-Qiang
Published: August 2024

Purpose

In the military, neck pain is second to low back pain among musculoskeletal disorders. However, the prevalence and related factors of neck pain in military personnel have not been systematically investigated, which may lead to the lack of neck pain prevention and the generation of additional medical expenses, posing challenges to medical care. This review aimed to obtain the prevalence and related factors for neck pain in military personnel in an attempt to provide directions for prevention and intervention.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases in December 2021. Two researchers independently screened studies according to eligibility criteria and assessed study quality.

Results

We screened titles and abstracts of 503 articles, and 17 articles met the inclusion criteria. Sixteen articles received moderate to high-quality evaluations. Neck pain is common in the military, with 1-year prevalence as high as 83% and lifetime prevalence as high as 78%. Old age (OR = 5.0), poor neck mobility (OR = 3.61), shoulder pain (OR = 4.9), low back pain (OR = 2.3), high-G pilots (OR = 1.6), longer flight time (OR = 2.53), type of aircraft (OR = 3.93), and use of helmets and night vision systems (OR = 1.9) may be associated with the prevalence of neck pain.

Conclusion

Neck pain is highly prevalent in military personnel and exhibits a substantial lifetime prevalence rate. The high prevalence rate of neck pain in the military is related to many individual-related factors and work-related factors. The in-depth assessment and prevention of specific factors is an important direction of future research.
Efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid in spinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Hua , Zhang Xuelei , Xie Chengxin , Wu Luxia , Cai Guoping , Ren Yu
Published: August 2024

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the effects of topical tranexamic acid (tTXA) in spinal surgery to provide reliable clinical evidence for its usefulness.

Methods

The PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were comprehensively searched to identify randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of tTXA on blood loss during spine surgery. The observation indexes were intraoperative blood loss, total blood loss, output and duration of postoperative drainage, postoperative hematological variables, length of postoperative hospital stay, blood transfusion rate, and complication rate.

Results

A total of 21 studies involving 1774 patients were included. Our results showed that the use of tTXA during spinal surgery significantly reduced the total blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative transfusion rate, duration of postoperative drainage, and postoperative hospital stay, and increased the serum hemoglobin concentration, thereby providing better clinical outcomes for surgical patients. However, tTXA had no effect on intraoperative blood loss and associated complications.

Conclusion

On the basis of the available evidence, the present results provide strong clinical evidence of the clinical value of tTXA in spinal surgery and provide an important reference for future research and clinical decision-making.
La Habana. Una aproximación desde la visualidad de sus calles
Authors: Rodríguez Aguilar Jorge Luis
Published: August 2024

Havana is an old city that was once modern. For many scholars, cities,like their inhabitants, are born, develop and die. They die when there are no actions that rescue them, preserve them architecturally andmake them live. Visually, our city is dying today. Beyond the purposesof a group of works in the Historic Center, guarded by the memory of the city historian, Havana is much more than that perimeter declared by Unesco, in 1982, a World Heritage Site and a Wonder City, in 2016. Since then, little by little, its lights have gone out in a great sea of darkness, which urgently needs to be restored with a policy that truly reinforces the existing structures before it is too late.
La percepción de estudiantes ante la aplicación de metodologías activas en el curso de diseño asistido por computadora
Authors: Chung-Pinzás Alfonso Ramón , Inche-Mitma Jorge Luís , Cruz-Chuquizuta Consuelo
Published: August 2024

Aim. This study aims to determine the impact of applying active methodologies (flipped classroom teaching, collaborative, and discovery learning) on students’ perception of the development of a computer-aided design (CAD) course. Method. The research employed a mixed-method design (quantitative - qualitative). For the stimulus, a teaching-learning environment was prepared and applied based on the aforementioned methodologies. Subsequently, data was collected from a sample of 132 industrial engineering students, using a five-level Likert scale questionnaire, previously validated and complemented with interviews from delegates of three sections. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the sign test for inferential contrast, while qualitative data were examined through in-depth interviews with the delegates. Results. The students responded favorably to the applied methodologies. Likewise, methodologies encouraging students’ participation, making them the central actors and, at the same time, enabling them to construct their own paths to knowledge, were well received by students. Conclusions. The results showed a positive impact of the chosen active methodologies on student’s perceptions of the CAD course development. This research can be replicated in other CAD-related courses to gain a better understanding of the impact of those methodologies on students.
Асиметричний синтез як невід’ємний інструмент сучасної медичної хімії
Authors: Рассукана Юлія Вікторівна
Published: August 2024

У доповіді наведено результати фундаментальних досліджень із розроблення нових підходів до синтезу хіральних органічних сполук, які отримано в Інституті органічної хімії НАН України. Впродовж останніх десятиліть цей напрям органічної хімії є одним з найважливіших, оскільки сучасна медична хімія потребує синтезу обох енантіомерних форм хіральних субстратів.
Predictive Accuracy of Infant Clinical Sign Algorithms for Mortality in Young Infants Aged 0 to 59 Days: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shafiq Yasir , Fung Alastair , Driker Sophie , Rees Chris A. , Mediratta Rishi P. , Rosenberg Rebecca , Hussaini Anum S. , Adnan Jana , Wade Carrie G. , Chou Roger , Edmond Karen M. , North Krysten , Lee Anne CC
Published: August 2024

CONTEXT

Clinical sign algorithms are a key strategy to identify young infants at risk of mortality.

OBJECTIVE

Synthesize the evidence on the accuracy of clinical sign algorithms to predict all-cause mortality in young infants 0–59 days.

DATA SOURCES

MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Global Index Medicus, and Cochrane CENTRAL Registry of Trials.

STUDY SELECTION

Studies evaluating the accuracy of infant clinical sign algorithms to predict mortality.

DATA EXTRACTION

We used Cochrane methods for study screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. We determined certainty of evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation.

RESULTS

We included 11 studies examining 26 algorithms. Three studies from non-hospital/community settings examined sign-based checklists (n = 13). Eight hospital-based studies validated regression models (n = 13), which were administered as weighted scores (n = 8), regression formulas (n = 4), and a nomogram (n = 1). One checklist from India had a sensitivity of 98% (95% CI: 88%–100%) and specificity of 94% (93%–95%) for predicting sepsis-related deaths. However, external validation in Bangladesh showed very low sensitivity of 3% (0%–10%) with specificity of 99% (99%–99%) for all-cause mortality (ages 0–9 days). For hospital-based prediction models, area under the curve (AUC) ranged from 0.76–0.93 (n = 13). The Score for Essential Neonatal Symptoms and Signs had an AUC of 0.89 (0.84–0.93) in the derivation cohort for mortality, and external validation showed an AUC of 0.83 (0.83–0.84).

LIMITATIONS

Heterogeneity of algorithms and lack of external validation limited the evidence.

CONCLUSIONS

Clinical sign algorithms may help identify at-risk young infants, particularly in hospital settings; however, overall certainty of evidence is low with limited external validation.
Requerimientos de rendimiento e incidencia lesional del pádel: una revisión narrativa
Authors: Cifuentes Marín Juan Bernardo , Bluas Carrillo Maximiliano Alfonso , Ibar Avilés Manuel Nicolás
Published: August 2024

El pádel ha tenido un crecimiento exponencial en los últimos años, convirtiéndose en uno de los deportes de raqueta más populares en todo el mundo, acompañado con el consiguiente aumento de lesiones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica para conocer los requerimientos físico y técnicos-tácticos del pádel, así como su incidencia lesional. Se realizó una revisión narrativa, a través de la búsqueda en PubMed, Scopus y WOS, entre octubre y noviembre de 2023, de artículos de acceso libre. Se utilizaron como términos para la ecuación de búsqueda “Padel” OR “Paddel” AND “Performance” OR “Incidence”, con un marco temporal de 3 años, e idioma inglés, español, portugués y cualquier otro idioma que pueda traducirse mediante Deepl o cualquier otro traductor gratuito. Se incluyeron 9 artículos, cuatro de ellos profundizan sobre la incidencia, prevalencia y naturaleza de las lesiones. Tres sobre los requisitos físicos, técnicos y tácticos. Uno sobre requisitos fisiológicos. Tres sobre riesgos de lesión. Uno sobre programas de fuerza y acondicionamiento. Otro identifica el papel potencial del pádel como estrategia de promoción de la aptitud física y la salud, y dos realiza un análisis de la distribución y efectividad de los diferentes tipos de golpes o smash en el pádel sobre los cuales podrían utilizarse para diseñar tareas y ejercicios por parte de los entrenadores en jugadores profesionales. Se concluye que la caracterización de los requerimientos de rendimiento e incidencia lesional en el pádel están presentes para utilizarlos para la mejora de los jugadores. Las futuras investigaciones debiesen centrarse en programas preventivos de lesiones.
Relationships between agronomic traits and characterization of the white oat ideotype for cultivation with and without chemical fertilization
Authors: Loro Murilo Vieira , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Meggiolaro Junior Genesio Luiz , Pradebon Leonardo Cesar , Sangiovo Jaqueline Piesanti , Roza João Pedro Dalla , Bandeira Willyan Júnior Adorian
Published: August 2024

This paper aimed to characterize and verify whether the linear relationships between agronomic traits of white oat are different between crops with and without chemical fertilization; and identify the agronomic ideotype that enhances the agronomic performance of white oats. Two uniformity tests were carried out with and without chemical fertilization in the 2020 harvest. In each trial, on 285 plants, agronomic traits were measured. Pearson's linear correlation coefficients and the direct and indirect effects of the trial analysis were calculated. The regression tree algorithm and Kohonen map neural network were used to identify the agronomic ideotype. The linear relationships between agronomic characters of white oat are similar between crops with and without chemical fertilization. White oat genotypes with greater panicle grain weight can be selected indirectly by panicle weight, regardless of cultivation with or without fertilization. White oat genotypes measuring 114.57 cm in height, 97.41 cm in panicle insertion, 18.11 cm in panicle length, 1.31 g in panicle weight and 27.92 grains in the panicle characterize the agronomic ideotype that maximizes panicle grain weight.
Antimicrobial resistance of Serratia marcescens causing blood stream infections in a large University Hospital in Bulgaria, an 8-year analysis (2016–2023)
Authors: Radeva Stephanie , Niyazi Denis , Bozhkova Milena , Stoeva Temenuga
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive isolates of Serratia marcescens, associated with blood stream infections (BSIs) in patients hospitalized in Varna University Hospital, Bulgaria, as well as to identify the genetic mechanisms responsible for 3rd generation cephalosporin and carbapenem-resistance among these isolates. A total of 45 consecutive S. marcescens isolates, obtained from blood cultures of 45 patients with BSIs, hospitalized during an 8-year period (2016–2023) were included. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done by Phoenix (BD, USA) and Vitek 2 (BioMerieux, France) systems and the results were interpreted according to EUCAST guidelines. The genetic mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance were studied by PCR. During the study period, a total of 45 patients were diagnosed with S. marcescens-associated BSIs. All infections were defined as nosocomial, predominantly intensive care unit-acquired (42.2%) and 28.8% were central venous catheter-associated. The following antimicrobial resistance rates were found: ceftriaxone, piperacillin/tazobactam, 57.8%; ceftazidime, 55.6%; cefepime, trimethoprime/sulfamethoxazole, 53.3%; gentamicin, 48.8%; ciprofloxacin, 44.5%; amikacin, 15.6%; carbapenems, 2.2%. The blaCTX-M was identified in 88.9% of the tested 3rd generation cephalosporin resistant isolates. Among these, 50% were also blaTEM positive. The single carbapenem-resistant isolate harboured blaKPC, blaCTX-M1/9, blaCMY-2 and blaTEM. This study demonstrates S. marcescens as a problematic nosocomial pathogen and we report a KPC-producing S. marcescens clinical isolate from a BSI in Bulgaria.
Attentional bias to social media stimuli is moderated by fear of missing out among problematic social media users
Authors: Wang Yang , Elhai Jon D. , Montag Christian , Zhang Lei , Yang Haibo
Published: August 2024

Background and aims

Previous evidence has indicated that problematic social media use (PSMU) is characterized by an attentional bias to social media icons (such as Facebook icons), but not to social webpages (such as Facebook webpages). They suggest that there may be other factors influencing attentional bias like fear of missing out (FoMO). But it remains unclear how FoMO moderates attentional bias in PSMU. This study aims to investigate whether PSMU show attentional bias for stimuli associated with social media, and how FoMO moderates on attentional bias among PSMU through experimental methods.

Methods

Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study explored mechanisms of attentional bias to social media icons (such as WeChat) related to PSMU and further examined the role of FoMO in this relationship. Specifically, attentional bias patterns to social media icons of 62 participants (31 PSMU and 31 control group) were explored during a dot-probe paradigm combined with eye-tracking in Experiment 1, and attentional bias patterns to social media icons of another 61 individuals with PSMU with different FoMO levels was explored during a dot-probe paradigm combined with eye-tracking in Experiment 2.

Results

Results revealed that individuals with PSMU had an attentional bias toward social media icons, demonstrated by attentional maintenance, and such bias such bias was moderated by FoMO negatively, demonstrated by attentional vigilance and maintenance in PSMU/high FoMO.

Conclusion

These results suggest that attentional bias is a common mechanism associated with PSMU, and FoMO is a key factor on the development of PSMU.
Georg Eisenlohr (1881–1951). Starosta w Münsingen i wicegubernator w Krakowie
Authors: Birn Marco , Deigendesch Roland
Published: August 2024

Artykuł analizuje historię dr. Georga Eisenlohra (1881–1951). Ukazuje ścieżkę kariery niemieckiego urzędnika, od lokalnego starosty w Münsingen do wicegubernatora w okupowanym przez Niemców Generalnym Gubernatorstwie. Zwolniony przez von Burgsdorffa z tego stanowiska przeniesiony został na starostę do Przemyśla, a potem wyjechał do Rzeszy. Po wojnie był internowany i wydany Polsce w 1947 roku. Został skazany przez Okręgowy Sąd w Krakowie na pięć lat więzienia, zmarł w 1951 roku. Historia Georga Eisenlohra ukazuje uwikłanie urzędnika niższego szczebla w aparat terroru w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie, co więcej – jest to postać mało znana w polskiej historiografii.
A Collaborative Experience with Mathematical 3D Modeling and Printing
Authors: Nolla Álvaro , Ibiricu Ángela , Benito Angélica
Published: August 2024

In this paper we present a collaborative 3D modeling and printing experience within a Project Based Learning (PBL) activity, carried out with two different groups of participants: pre-service teachers at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), and school students of Primary and Secondary level taking part in an extra-curricular activity. Students worked in groups in different projects using the software Tinkercad in different sessions, where they could design, print, verify and redesign their 3D models several times. The main objective was to analyze students’ process of 3D modeling, keeping track of all the phases of the modeling cycle and evaluate the acceptance of this methodology. From the results obtained we highlight the good valuation of collaborative work in 3D modeling, the mathematical communication and threedimensional reasoning shown by students in 3D design and scaling problems, and the support for the inclusion of mathematical 3D modeling and printing activities in initial teacher training.
A New Engineering for the Perfect Compass and its Use in Mathematics Education
Authors: Martínez-Sevilla Álvaro , Alonso Sergio , Rodríguez José L.
Published: August 2024

In this paper we deal with a geometric machine that has gone somewhat unnoticed in mathematics education: the Perfect Compass. It allows conics to be drawn using a special twoaperture compass, based on Apollonius’ conic sections. Proposed in the 10th century, it seems that was never built in medieval times -at least no archaeological remains from the medieval period have been found‐ and later constructions have operational limitations. This machine has been reengineered by us to make it fully functional and thus become a suitable instrument for education. We have built it using Digital Manufacturing technology, such as 3D printing and laser cutting, so that it can be widely available in the service of mathematics education. We also show how its operation results in a machine where its manipulation allows direct knowledge of the method and concepts used.
Meta-analysis of the Correlation between Sport Achievement Goal Orientation and Sport Confidence in Korea
Authors: Lee Jonghwa , Kim Youngho , An Dojin
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to meta-analyze the correlation between sport achievement goal orientation and sport-confidence in Korea.METHODS Academic databases (DBpia, KCI, NAL, RISS) were used to search for literature for the metaanalysis. Based on the selection criteria, 22 journal articles and 12 dissertations were selected. The R program was used to calculate publication bias and effect sizes.RESULTS The correlation coefficients of sport achievement goal orientation and sport-confidence variables showed no publication bias, and the meta-analysis was analyzed with a random effects model due to high heterogeneity. The meta-analysis of the correlations between task-orientation achievement goals and sportconfidence variables showed large effect sizes, and among ego-orientation achievement goals and sportconfidence variables, proving skills showed a large effect size. A meta-analysis of the correlation between ego-orientation achievement goals and physical/mental preparation, coach leadership, and social support found moderate effect sizes.CONCLUSIONS Task-orientation achievement goals was more strongly associated with sport-confidence than ego-orientation achievement goals. However, setting goals that take into account both task-orientation and ego-orientation achievement goals may be more effective in improving sport-confidence.
Analysis of the ingredient composition and investigation of the quality and safety of solid shampoos based on plant macerate
Authors: Kotomenkova Olga , Koscheeva Elizaveta , Anna Vinogradova
Published: August 2024

The article develops formulations of three samples of solid shampoos based on plant macerate. The ingredient composition of the samples includes vegetable surfactants (sodium
coco-sulfate and sodium cocoyl isethionate), thickener (cetyl stearyl alcohol), aqueous phase (herbal decoctions), oil phase (macerate in olive oil and milk thistle oil with a variation of vegetable components — burdock root or nettle leaves, or flowers and leaves chamomile), additives (essential oils, black clay, CO2 extracts, D-panthenol, vitamins A and E, keratin, lactic acid). The technology of manufacturing samples of solid shampoos includes seven stages: preparation of plant maceration, hydrolate, detergent base, finished products, product molding, etching and drying.
Studies of organoleptic (appearance, color, smell) and physico-chemical (hydrogen pH, foaming ability, mass fraction of chlorides) indicators of quality and safety of developed samples of solid shampoos based on plant macerate and a control sample of solid shampoo of the trademark «MeelaMeelo» showed that all developed samples meet the requirements, at the same time, the best values of the indicators are typical for samples of shampoos based on plant macerate (mainly burdock root and nettle leaves).
Field studies of the quality indicators of solid shampoos (washing (cleansing) ability (cleansing effect, surface tension), washability (efficiency of dirt dispersion, solid content), wetting time), mainly. consumer properties of the products have shown that samples of solid shampoos based on plant macerates have a better washing (cleansing) ability and washability compared to the control sample of the shampoo of the trademark «MeelaMeelo», however, in terms of wetting ability (wetting efficiency), the developed samples of solid shampoos are inferior to the control.
Studies of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of solid shampoos based on plant macerate have shown that the developed shampoo samples have a pronounced antimicrobial effect on test cultures of microorganisms (mold fungi, mesophilic aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms).
Results of research on the morphological composition of solid municipal waste in residential buildings in southern regions of Russia
Authors: Abramov Yyacheslav
Published: August 2024

The relevance of obtaining reliable information on the composition of solid municipal waste is related to the choice of their disposal method and the type of organization of the system for collecting secondary resources (separate collection by components such as paper, glass, plastic, etc., or a «two-bin» collection system). References are provided to sources confirming the constant change in the morphological composition of solid municipal waste.
The paper presents the results of research on the morphological composition of solid municipal waste from residential buildings in the southern regions of the Russian Federation based on studies conducted from 2017 to 2022. The research was carried out in the Astrakhan region, Krasnodar Krai, Rostov region, Stavropol Krai, in 98 locations of waste accumulation, located in 31 municipal entities (urban district, urban or rural settlement).
According to the research results, differences in the composition of solid municipal waste from multi-apartment and individual residential houses in the southern regions of Russia are shown. Conclusions are drawn regarding the composition of solid municipal waste for multi-apartment and individual residential houses in the southern regions of the Russian Federation. It is determined that the main component of this type of waste is paper and cardboard, regardless of the type of housing conditions.
The main difference in the composition of solid municipal waste from multi-apartment and individual residential houses lies in the different percentage ratio of components such as «paper, cardboard», «garden and park waste», «screening waste», «miscellaneous». Changes in the composition of these waste materials are identified seasonally. It is shown that seven main components of solid municipal waste: food waste; paper, cardboard; garden and park waste; glass; screening waste (fine fraction, sweepings); miscellaneous; polymers make up about 90 % of their total mass.
Criterios de idoneidad didáctica en la argumentación práctica de formadores de profesores de matemática
Authors: Sol Telesofro , Ledezma Carlos , Breda Adriana , Font Vicenç
Published: August 2024

[Objetivo] El objetivo fue analizar los argumentos prácticos de un grupo de formadores de profesores de matemática durante la valoración del diseño de una unidad didáctica sobre funciones para estudiantes de educación secundaria (15–16 años). [Metodología] Se siguió una metodología cualitativa que consistió en un estudio de caso intrínseco, donde ocho formadores de profesores de matemática, que conocían el constructo Criterios de Idoneidad Didáctica, participaron en un ciclo de Estudio de Clases. En la etapa de reflexión de este ciclo, los participantes utilizaron este constructo para valorar el diseño de la unidad didáctica (planificación del profesor y dosier para los estudiantes). Los argumentos prácticos emergentes se estructuraron utilizando el modelo de Toulmin. [Resultados] Se destacan tres resultados: primero, la valoración de la unidad didáctica con los componentes de los Criterios de Idoneidad Didáctica permitió identificar los aspectos que favorecían y que requerían mejoras en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las funciones; segundo, estos componentes se utilizaron como datos, respaldos, y garantías en los argumentos prácticos elaborados por los participantes, debido a su conocimiento de este constructo; y tercero, los participantes utilizaron todos estos componentes para valorar la unidad didáctica y argumentaron sus propuestas de cambio basándose en tales componentes. [Conclusiones] El papel de los Criterios de Idoneidad Didáctica en la argumentación práctica de los participantes fue de generador de argumentos prácticos y de elemento central en la estructuración de estos argumentos. Finalmente, se proponen algunas consideraciones para futuras implementaciones de ciclos de Estudio de Clases.
Three New Species of Collinsia (Plantaginaceae) Provide Additional Evidence for Neoendemism in the Upper Merced River Watershed of the Central Sierra Nevada, California
Authors: Baldwin Bruce G. , Fawcett Susan , Armbruster W. Scott
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Field and phylogenetic studies of Collinsia previously resulted in discovery of the distinctive “metamorphica” clade from metamorphic scree of the upper Merced River drainage on the western slope of the central Sierra Nevada, California.
The three component lineages within this clade are described here as new species: C. metamorphica from the South Fork Merced River watershed, C. parkii from Trumbull Peak, and C. wakahlmae from the Merced River canyon in the vicinity
of El Portal. These new taxa, first collected in the 1980s, have been confused with C. childii, C. linearis, and C. rattanii. Collectively, the three new taxa can be distinguished from C. childii by their narrower mid- to distal-stem leaves, and, in fruit, their
much less recurved to erect calyx lobes that are not longer than the capsule, or not conspicuously so. They are distinguishable from C. linearis and C. rattanii by their non-revolute leaf margins and capsules with only two seeds. The three new taxa differ in part from one another
by a combination of corolla color, size, and shape, calyx length, and leaf blade shape. These morphologically and geographically distinctive taxa provide additional evidence for angiosperm diversification within the upper Merced River watershed and collectively have distributions similar to
those of some other endemics of the area that co-occur on metamorphic scree exposures. Further exploration of these habitats for undescribed plant diversity and any undiscovered populations of these rare new taxa is warranted, as is their immediate protection from potential threats.
Sertulum Ternstroemiacearum VI. Revisiting the Colombian Ternstroemia (Ternstroemiaceae): A Clarification of the Taxa Present in the Country and Four New Species
Authors: Fonseca-Cortés Andrés , Grande Allende José R.
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Ternstroemia is a genus with ca. 141 species, of which 87‐103 are present in the Neotropics. As part of the studies of the genus in Colombia, here we propose four new species: Ternstroemia pacifica (from Chocó), T.
fandango (Caribe-Cordillera Central transition), T. cachalu, and T. religiosa (both from Cordillera Oriental). Ternstroemia pacifica and T. fandango show morphological affinities with Amazonian species, T. cachalu with a Central Andean
species, and T. religiosa present no clear affinities. Since some species have been either excluded or included for the country in literature, we clarify how many species occur in Colombia. From a total of 21 recorded species, we exclude the presence of six. After the present revision,
Colombia harbors 18 species of Ternstroemia, nine (i.e. 50%) of which are endemic. Illustrations, color plates, distribution maps, and notes on ecology, habitat, and conservation status are provided for the four new species, as well as habitat, geographic distribution, biogeographic
province, and global distribution for the remaining ones. An actualized key for the taxa growing in the country is also included. Keywords—Andean Ternstroemia, Cachalú Biological Reserve, Colombian Andean oak forests, Colombian Pacific region, Colombian Páramos,
Pentaphylacaceae s.l.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF TRANSITION TO THERMOACOUSTIC INSTABILITY IN A RIJKE TUBE: IMPACT OF ENERGY INPUT AND TRIGGERING PARAMETERS
Authors: Kumar Subhash , Thakkar Kartikkumar , Sreedhara Sheshadri
Published: August 2024

In the present study, a horizontal Rijke tube is used to investigate the thermoacoustic instability. Twodimensional,
unsteady Reynolds-averaged numerical simulations are performed on the Rijke tube. To
trigger the instability, an oscillating pressure signal with a small time scale is applied at the inlet of
the Rijke tube. The effects of amplitude (1-30 Pa), frequency (100-250 Hz), and impulse time (10-20
ms) of the triggering pressure on the thermoacoustic instability are investigated. The heater is used
as a heating source to investigate the impact of heater temperature on thermoacoustic instability. The
results demonstrate that the temperature variation (800-5000 K) leads to concurrent variation in both
amplitude (0-6500 Pa) and frequency (177-186 Hz) of oscillation. At heater temperature of 2000 K,
beating-type instability is observed, with the main and beating cycle frequency of 183.64 Hz and 0.33
Hz, respectively. In a Rijke tube viable to thermoacoustic instability, the amplitude and frequency of
limit cycle pressure waves do not depend on the triggering pressure. An increase in the amplitude of
triggering pressure amplifies the amplitude of nonlinear oscillations and decreases the time taken to
attain limit cycle oscillation. The present study successfully identifies the tipping surface separating
the stable and unstable region of triggering parameters in a Rijke tube.
Analyzing TorrentLocker Ransomware Attacks: A Real Case Study
Authors: Kara İlker
Published: August 2024

Ransomware is malicious software that targets computers, mobile phones, tablets, and other digital devices. These types of software typically encrypt files on the target device, blocking access, and then demand a ransom. TorrentLocker attacks have become particularly popular in recent years, emerging as prominent threats in the realm of cybersecurity. TorrentLocker poses a serious threat to the digital data of users and organizations, exacerbating the financial and reputational damages stemming from cyberattacks. This study provides a framework to understand the target audience, attack strategies, and operations of TorrentLocker ransomware. Conducted through a real case analysis, this examination sheds light on the TorrentLocker attack strategy and elucidates the tracing and identification of the attacker post-attack. The aim of this study is to raise awareness among cybersecurity professionals, organizations, and individual users about TorrentLocker ransomware attacks, aiming to prevent such attacks and track down traces left by the attacker's post-incident. This detailed analysis of TorrentLocker ransomware attacks serves as a crucial resource to enhance protection against future ransomware attacks and contributes to the body of work in this field.
Effect of air pollution on the leaf morphology and anatomy of common plant species of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Devkota Anjana , Shrestha Sushila , Jha PK
Published: August 2024

The present study was mainly aimed to study the effect of air pollution on the morphological and anatomical characteristics of leaf of 6 common plant species viz., Bougainvillea glabra, Callistemon citrinus, Euphorbia pulcherrima, Jasminum mesnyi, Lagerstroemia indica and  Nerium oleander from different location of Kathmandu Valley. Results showed that all plant species exhibited significant (p<0.05) reduction at polluted site in their leaf length, width, and area when compared with the same plant species of non-polluted site. Results also showed that the overall reduction % in leaf length, width and area during different seasons at heavily  polluted sites with respect to those of  less polluted sites were found maximum during post monsoon than in pre-monsoon. Results also interpreted that maximum reduction in leaf length (25.  and leaf width(18.62%) was recorded in E. pulchirrima, and leaf area (28%) was recorded in L. indica.; while minimum decrease in leaf length (7.58%) in N. oleander  and width(11.3%) as well as area (13.90%) in  C. citrinus. was recorded. Likewise, the highest stomatal index (20.58%) and number of epidermal cells (30.4) were recorded  in Lagerstroemia indica; while highest stomatal density (134.8mm-2) and number of clogged stomata (8.33mm-2)  was recorded in Bougainvillea glabra and Nerium oleander respectively.
 Results further indicated that as the plants get ages, the reduction % of various leaf attributes of polluted plants also increased as compared with  less polluted plant species. This  could be mainly due to maximum exposure of plants to air pollutants come from various auto emission sources. This study showed that plants generally respond to air pollution with reduction
in foliar features and the response is species specific.
DNA extraction and genomic DNA cleanup protocol for soil and other environmental samples v1
Authors: J Philpott Timothy
Published: August 2024

This is a spin column based environmental DNA extraction protocol that has been validated with mineral soil and forest floor samples. The protocol starts with disruption and lysis in a chaotropic solution, followed by two PCR inhibitor removal steps, binding of DNA to a silica membrane, and is finished with wash steps. Guanidine carryover, which impedes PCR, is a common feature of these kinds of methods, so DNA cleanup is often required. A cost-effective magnetic bead clean-up step is recommended for samples with low 260/230 ratios, and a published protocol is provided for the magnetic bead solution. Overall, this protocol can reduce extraction costs to <$2 (CAD) per sample. The protocol can also be adapted to a high-throughput magnetic bead based setup.
EQUALITY OF LS AND AITKEN ESTIMATIONS OF THE HIGHER COEFFICIENT OF THE LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL IN THE CASE OF TRIDIAGONAL BISYMMETRIC COVARIANCE MATRIX
Authors: Savkina Marta ,   Institute of Mathematics NAS of Ukraine
Published: August 2024

At the paper a linear regression model whose function has the form f(x) = ax + b, a and b — unknown parameters, is studied. Approximate values (observations) of functions f(x) are registered at equidistant points of a line segment. It is also assumed that the covariance matrix of deviations is a tridiagonal bisymmetric matrix. In the theorem proved in the paper, in the case of an odd number of observation points, a necessary and sufficient condition for the elements of this covariance matrix is found, which ensures the equality of the LS estimate and the Aitken estimate of the a parameter of this model. With this type of covariance matrix of deviations, the estimates of Aitken and LS of parameter b will not coincide.
State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 4th Convocation and the Crisis of 1917
Authors: Sharapov R. D.
Published: August 2024

The paper explains the author’s position regarding the 4th convocation of the State Duma of the Russian Empire as the main representative legislative body of the Russian Empire, whose activities were highly affected by the First World War, elucidates the influence of the State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 4th convocation on the February Revolution of 1917, the October Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War in Russia. To identify the aforementioned influences, the paper considers the legislative initiative of the State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 4th convocation, provides an analysis of the texts of regulatory legal acts adopted by the State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 4th convocation, analyzes general information about the State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 4th convocation, which is of an explication nature. The paper provides links to the texts of contemporaries, researchers and specialists in this field of the history of law and the State of Russia. Examination of sources and analysis of information leads to the conclusion that the work of the State Duma of the Russian Empire of the 4th convocation, as well as the work of state bodies of that time, had a tremendous impact on the development of revolutionary ideas in the Russian Empire, subsequently expressed in the radicalization of Russian socialist movements and public support for the February Revolution of 1917 and the October Revolution of 1917. Nevertheless, contrary to popular belief, such influence was indirect, and the State Duma itself often acted blindly, trying, on the one hand, to maintain its positions limited by the imperial government, and on the other hand, not to enter into sharp confrontations with the emperor himself. The State Duma itself, as it turned out, with the beginning of the Revolution lost authority and, in fact, surrendered its position to a new body — the Provisional Committee of the State Duma. The paper examines how the momentary desire of the authorities led to the collapse of the great empire and to the beginning of a terrible period of Russian history — the February and October Revolution and the Civil War.
Effect of various anesthesia methods on surgical treatment outcomes in patients with proximal femur fracture: a narrative review
Authors: Teterina Darya S. , Silantyeva Valeria M. , Sakhibullin Ansel R. , Petrov Dmitriy S. , Dymkova Anna O. , Medzhidov Muhammed R. , Korneeva Yulia M. , Khachaturova Yana A. , Menyailo Sofia M. , Abramova Ksenia I. , Babaev Bakhrombek U. , Bychenkova Yulia S. , Chzhan-Zou-Min Valeriya V. , Grabko Olga S.
Published: August 2024

Fractures of the proximal femur (FPF) is an unclassified condition that involves fractures of the femoral head and femoral neck and transvertebral, intervertebral, and subvertebral femoral fractures. To date, the number of patients with FPF in Russia is continuously increasing. Most often, patients with FPF have several concomitant diseases that can have a noticeable effect on the choice of anesthesia method. This review aimed to analyze current literature data on the advantages, risks, and contraindications of traditional and novel approaches to anesthesia in surgeries for FPF and assess the impact of these approaches on postoperative outcomes. A search for publications in the electronic databases PubMed and eLibrary was conducted. It revealed 6 324 publications in PubMed and 520 in eLibrary. After selecting publications, 60 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Studies have shown that regional blockades are highly effective; however, the evidence requires additional confirmation. New local anesthesia methods, such as MAC-STILA, can reduce mortality, especially in patients with a burdened medical history. Although the results of the single-center pilot studies of MAC-STILA are promising, multicenter randomized trials are required to test the reproducibility of this approach and evaluate its effectiveness with respect to outcomes that are crucial for the elderly and their family members.
Composición fotográfica mediante el uso de un dron
Authors: Sánchez García Juan Miguel , Sánchez Moreno José , Moreno Salinas David
Published: August 2024

La composición fotográfica, conocida como mosaicos, es crucial en aplicaciones donde no es posible capturar toda la extensión de grandes superficies en una sola toma. Por ende, se requiere fotografiar secciones más pequeñas para luego componerlas y lograr una reproducción lo más precisa posible de la realidad. En este trabajo se presenta el resultado de aplicar los principios de las distintas etapas necesarias para crear un mosaico, complementado con el uso de un dron para la captura de las imágenes. La creación del mosaico implica técnicas avanzadas de procesamiento de imágenes que facilitan la detección de características, la transformación geométrica y la alineación de píxeles. Sin embargo, la experimentación con diferentes algoritmos ha revelado que no siempre es viable encontrar una transformación geométrica que produzca un mosaico de calidad, especialmente cuando las características de la fotografía no son óptimas, lo cual puede ser atribuible, en parte, a la resolución de los dispositivos fotográficos utilizados.
Integración en la industria del sistema robótico para ensamblar muñecas
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Daniel , Jara Bravo Carlos Alberto , Gomez-Donoso Francisco
Published: August 2024

Hoy en día, las pequeñas o medianas empresas se encuentran en una situación complicada a la hora de dar el salto hacia la robotización de sus procesos industriales, ya sea por motivos económicos o por desconocimiento de estas tecnologías. Es por eso que este sistema robotizado representa un avance significativo en la automatización industrial en un sector muy tradicional y manufacturero, el sector del juguete. Esta tecnología ofrecerá una solución eficiente, precisa y flexible al proceso de producción de juguetes, concretamente en el proceso de ensamblaje de la muñeca, mediante la optimización de recursos, lo que deriva en una reducción directa de costes y en una mayor adaptabilidad a los cambios en la demanda del mercado. Por último, el operario no será reemplazado en el proceso completo, únicamente en las tareas que requieran grandes esfuerzos o sean tediosas. La complejidad añadida a este proceso de ensamblaje es la manipulabilidad del producto, ya que tratamos con un plástico flexible y deformable.