bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on Serum Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide in Essential Hypertension Cases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal
Authors: Das Maumita Naskar , Chaudhuri Sayani , Ray Avas Chandra , Kumar Arun , Biswas Utpal Kumar
Published: July 2021

Background-Essential hypertension is a multifactorial disease of unknown etiology characterized by a chronic elevation of blood pressure without any secondary causes. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are vasodilatory gasotransmitters whose deficiency results in endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction and hence is one of the etiological factors in the development of hypertension. 
Aims and Objectives – The study aimed to estimate the serum levels of NO and H₂S and to find out their correlation in essential hypertension cases and normotensive controls.
Materials and Methods-  Serum levels of NO and H₂S were measured using chemical methods, in fifty patients with essential hypertension and compared with fifty age-matched controls.
Results- The mean serum NOx level in essential hypertension cases is 45.45 ± 11.09 µmol/L which is significantly lower (p-value <0.001) than that of controls where it is 166.40 ± 16.63 µmol / L. The mean serum H₂S level in essential hypertension cases is 45.61 ± 11.01 µmol/ L which is again significantly lower ( p-value <0.001) than controls in which it is 111.54 ± 9.60 µmol/ L. A statistically significant positive correlation exists between serum NOx and H₂S levels in overall study subjects.
Conclusion- This study demonstrates that both the serum levels of NO and H₂S decrease with an increase in BP in essential hypertension cases. There exists a positive correlation between NO and H₂S in overall study subjects. Thus, the simultaneous decline in bioavailability of both NO and H₂S is a significant underlying cause in the development of essential hypertension.
What is causing the Black fungus menace?
Authors: Bhattacharya Ambarish , Ghosh Kaushik
Published: July 2021

Even with the weaning of second wave of covid 19 epidemic the cases of Mucormycosis or black fungus, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition is on rise. By the order of central health ministry all states have put it in the list of notifiable disease under the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897. This sudden familiarization of the term black fungus both in media as well as in literature has causes a huge outcry and phobia in most certain terms. This is not only unjustified in most instances and added flavor to already panic-stricken minds of common people. We are noticing an effort of overnight infrastructure building as well as a rising demand for a superspeciality set up by ignoring the very basic needs of our overburden health care sector. Here we have tried to share our perspective regarding this menace by searching the facts and myths and suggested hypothesizes.
समकालीन नेपाली गजलमा बिम्ब [Images in the Contemporary Nepali Gajals]
Authors: उदासी Udasi टीकाराम Tikaram
Published: July 2021

प्रस्तुत लेख समकालीन नेपाली गजलमा प्रयोग भएका प्रमुख बिम्बहरूको खोजी गर्ने उद्देश्यले तयार पारिएको हो । यसमा वि.सं. २०३६ सालदेखि हालसम्मको नेपाली गजलयात्रालाई समकालीन नेपाली गजल मानिएको छ । गुणात्मक ढाँचामा संरचित यस लेखमा सोद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनौट विधि र दस्तावेज विश्लेषण गरेर तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । बिम्बहरूको छनौटको सैद्धान्तिक आधार बिम्बलाई बनाइएको छ । यस लेखमा उल्लिखित बिम्बहरू प्रायः आजका सबैजसो गजलकारका रचनाहरूमा भेटिन्छन् । यस अवधिका गजलमा दृश्यबिम्ब, स्वादबिम्ब, गन्धबिम्ब, ध्वनिबिम्ब, स्पर्शबिम्ब र गतिबिम्ब गरी ६ प्रकारका बिम्बहरू प्रयोग भएका छन् । यसरी बिम्ब प्रयोग समकालीन नेपाली गजलको एउटा महत्त्वपूर्ण प्राप्ति र विशेषता दुबै बनेको छ । यस लेखमा बिम्ब प्रयोग भएका केही गजलहरूको विश्लेषणबाट समकालीन नेपाली गजलमा बिम्बहरूको प्रयोगमा विविधता रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
संशयादिपदार्थविश्लेषणम् [Samshayadipadarthavishleshanam]
Authors: न्यौपानेः Neupane शिवप्रसादो Shiva Prasad
Published: July 2021

न्यायदर्श नस्य प्रतिपादको  महर्षि गौतमो ऽस्ति । न्यायदर्शने  विशेषतो  ग्रन्थकारेण निःश्रे यसप्राप्तिमार्ग प्रदर्शितो  विद्यत  । न्यायदर्श  नानुसारं  पदार्थानां तत्त्वज्ञान नै व मा क्षप्राप्तिर्भ वति । प्रमाणादिषा डशपदार्था नां तत्त्वज्ञानं यथार्थ ज्ञानं वामा क्षस्य मूलमार्गा   विद्यते  । अतो यमाले खः पदार्थानां मध्ये  संशयादिपदार्था  नां प्रमाणप्रमे याभ्यां पृथगुपदेशः कारणत्वप्रतिपादने , एतेषां लक्षणविश्ले षणेचकेन्द्रितो  विद्यते  । अस्मिन्नालेखे  सर्व प्रथमं न्यायाभिमतप्रमाणप्रमे ययो स्वरूपनिदर्श नपूर्व कं संशयादिपदार्थ स्वरूपविश्ले षणं क्रियते  । प्रमाकरणरूपाणां प्रमाणानां सहयो गितया तदङ्गरूपे ण संशयादिपदार्था नामप्यन्तरभावस्य कर्तु  शक्यत्वात् , अथवा प्रमायाः विषयबो धेषुप्रमे येषु मध्ये  सर्व मपिसंशयादिपदार्थ जातमन्तर्भू तं भवत्यवेति, कुतः पृ थक्तया सूत्रकारेणो द्दे शः कृ तः ? इति समस्यायाः समाधानार्थ  मयं प्रयत्नो  वर्तते  । सकारणसंशयादिपदार्थो  पदे शप्रतिपादने न  एतेषां स्वरूपस्य सम्यक्तया विश्लेषणमत्र विहितमस्ति । अन्तचैतेषां प्रमाणप्रमे यादिभ्यः पृथुगुपद्दे शस्य कारणत्वं प्रदश्र्य  निष्कर्ष :  प्रदत्तो  विद्यते  । अस्मान्निकर्षा न्न्यायनिर्दि ष्टानां षो डशपदार्था नामध्ययनाध्यापनाय सारल्यं भविते त्यपे क्षते  ।
[The term NyayaDarshan was first introduced by MaharshiGautam. The philosophy NyayaDarshan especially mentions the way to achieve Moksha. The philosophy categorizes each physical and non-physical element in 16 categories known as “Padartha”. According to NyayaDarshan, having the knowledge and perceiving these Padartha in their own original form, is the only way to achieve Moksha. This paper tries to investigate the reasons for separately discussing and defining 14 Padartha other than Praman and Prameya known as Smshayadi in Nyaya Sutra. In the initial section, the brief discussion on Praman and Prameya followed by SamshayadiPadartha of NayaDarshan has been mentioned. Praman being a medium of Prama and Samshayadi being a supportive concept of Praman; as a result Smashayadi itself can be included within Praman. Additionally, as all Smashayadi are Prameya or the subjects of Prama, Smashayadi also can be included within Prameya. We have theoretical evidence that Samshayadipadartha can be included either in Praman or Prameya. Hence, this paper attempts to investigate the question, “Why does Naya Darshan mention the Samshayadi Padartha separately?” The in-depth dialog and reasons for including Samshayadipadartha within the Nyaya Sutra has also been discussed. Article includes the reasons for separating these Padartha from Praman and Prameya and concludes with the expectation of understanding 16 padartha easily for simplifying the teaching-learning process.]
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Among College Students Toward Umbilical Cord Blood and its Banking
Authors: Yadav Namita , D'Souza Vita Leena , Geethamani T.
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a good source of haematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells. UCB stem cells are used in treatment of a variety of blood and bone marrow diseases, blood cancers, metabolic disorders and immune deficiencies.
Objective: This study aimed in investigating college students’ knowledge and attitude about UCB and UCB banking.
Methods: It is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in East West College of Management, Bangalore, India from September 2018 to August 2019. A total 80 college students were selected by random sampling techniques. There were self-structured questionnaires used to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding UCB and UCB banking. The data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS version 21.
Results: The maximum number of participants were from age group 19-21 years followed by age group 16-18 years. The overall knowledge score was 21.05±5.11 with mean percentage score of 60.14. The 71.25% (57) of subjects had moderately adequate knowledge; whereas, 25% (20) of subjects showed adequate knowledge. Similarly, the overall attitude score of subjects was 61.5±5.17 with a mean percentage score of 51.25%. Out of the total participants, 90% (72) had neutral attitude, 10% (8) exhibited positive attitude and none of the subjects exhibited negative attitude towards UCB banking. There was no association found between knowledge and sociodemographic variables and between attitude and sociodemographic variables.
Conclusion: The majority of the respondents had moderate knowledge and maximum had neutral atti­tude on umbilical cord blood and umbilical cord blood banking.
Dry Patriotism: The Chiniquy Crusade
Authors: Noel Jan
Published: July 2021

Between 1848 and 1851, thousands of French-speaking Catholics in the Province of Canada came forward in their parish churches to take the temperance pledge. As word of this conversion reached non-Catholics across North America, the reaction was one of pure astonishment. For several decades, evangelical Protestants had laboured long and hard to eradicate drunkenness; and now a Catholic priest was securing more converts in a single day than these earlier workers had won with years of steady effort. Contemporaries shook their heads and laid it down to the eloquent charm of Father Charles Chiniquy. Chiniquy in all likelihood helped to forge the new and lasting image of the church as guardian of the national destiny. His work embodied the new Catholicism championed by Bishop Bourget and Etienne Parent. This idea has stood the test of time; the full-length biography of Chiniquy published by Canadian historian Marcel Trudel in 1955 attributed the priest’s vast influence to “honeyed flattery” and other excesses of his oratory. In the 1840s Chiniquy’s promises of survivance won support for virtues more commonly associated with the Anglo-American, Protestant side of Canada’s heritage. Hoping to save itself, little Rome-on-the-St Lawrence crooked its knee to Samuel Smiles.
“A Mixed Assemblage of Persons”: Race and Tavern Space in Upper Canada
Authors: Roberts Julia
Published: July 2021

This tavern story about an 1832 Saturday night on the town in Brantford, Upper Canada, addresses the complexities of racialized relations in “public places” generally and the tavern’s bar room in particular. It juxtaposes tavern-goers who engaged in “heterogenous” sociability with the “‘high pressure’ prejudice” of a “‘Yankee’” barkeeper. It challenges us to understand what such moments of multiracial public life meant in a society permeated by racialized thought and practice. There was a strange contradiction between White settlers’ marginalization of Black and First Nations peoples and the sometimes easy accommodation afforded them in the public houses. Although accommodation to people of colour was also illegally, and sometimes violently, denied, tavern stories complicate historical interpretations focusing on conflict. Without questioning these analyses, or the evidence supporting them, the stories suggest that something more subtle was also going on. They invite serious attention to the colony’s many taverns as sites where people chose to relax racial boundaries as often as they chose to enforce them. Maybe it was just the whiskey and the wine; without comparable work on other public spaces, the typicality of a tavern-based history will remain an open question. But because “Indians” as well as the “blacks and whites” all went there, the taverns show how race, as one socially constructed category, shaped ordinary, everyday human interactions.
Canada Dry or High Times?: A Historiographical Look at Drugs and Alcohol in Canada
Authors: Dyck Erika
Published: July 2021

Drugs and alcohol have been featured in Canadian history as critical commodities that influenced legal decisions, social interactions, medical options, and even trade decisions. Canadian historians have examined alcohol, drugs, temperance reformers, and intoxicated Canadians in ways that deepen our understanding of how mind-altering products have influenced our Canadian values and how those ideas have changed over time. In this historiographical article, I examine how Canadian historians have responded to trends in historical scholarship that embrace a focus on social history, labour, women, medicine, colonialism, and culture. I argue that alcohol and drugs are ubiquitous in these historiographical shifts but that the uneven pace of decriminalizing intoxication has also led to new sources of information, new historical voices, and perhaps the need to rethink how our attitudes towards psychoactivity have affected our understanding of Canadian history.
SMART REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION - OPPORTUNITY OR OXYMORON OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
Authors:   University of National and World Economy, Student Town, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria, Botseva Desislava , Tsolov Georgi ,   University of National and World Economy, Student Town, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria, Tanakov Nikola ,   University of National and World Economy, Student Town, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: July 2021

The need to understand and characterize management approaches, especially in their modern context, is becoming particularly important, mostly to test small and medium-sized businesses' ability to adapt to modernization's high demands. According to the research team, several challenges generated by various constraints, external and internal to organizations of this type, are why they fail to reach their growth and development potential. However, such a statement must be a subjected to a severe analysis based on the methodology of a new, modern system of indicators to illustrate SMEs' real readiness and ability to be in line with development trends. The regional sector analysis successfully identifies the prerequisites for these enterprises' development and determines their specific regional potentials. The study analyzes the small and medium-sized enterprise sector in the Balkan countries and within the European Union. The research team identifies the predisposition for small and medium enterprises to regional specialization, application of innovations, technologies, entrepreneurial discoveries, digitalization and strategy, planning, and programming of a new generation.
INFORMATION AND CONSULTANCY CENTRES IN SLOVAKIA – PROMOTING PARTNERSHIP IN COHESION POLICY
Authors:   Faculty of National Economy of the University of Economics in Bartislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1 852 35, Slovakia, Jašurek Igor
Published: July 2021

Implementation of cohesion policy, as the major EU budgetary chapter, is subject to vast scholarship. Therefore, surprisingly enough, the principal-agent (P-A) framework has received little recognition in this academic field so far. The present paper contributes to the expansion of this increasingly popular approach also into cohesion scholarship by examining the operation of Information and Consultancy Centres (ICC) in Slovakia. The major finding shows limits of the P-A framework by suggesting that instead of a mutual conflict, it is a cooperative mode dominantly shaping dynamics of P-A relations due to the shared goals and interests. ICC operations and relations with the Government are interpreted via observational equivalence and ceremonialism as the recognized P-A framework tools.
SOCIAL ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal, Lopes António , Reis Leonilde ,   Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal
Published: July 2021

Social Engineering, in view of the current dependence of information systems and information and communication technologies organizations, is of great interest in creating conditions, in order to reduce the threats and vulnerabilities, to which organizations are exposed. Thus, Social Engineering is considered to have emerged as a serious threat in virtual communities and is an effective way of attacking information systems, by creating conditions in order to jeopardize business continuity. The article presents the problem in the field of Information Security, emphasizing concerns in the field of Social Engineering in view of the vulnerabilities to which the generality of organizations is exposed. The research methodology adopted is Design Science Research, given the specificity of the problem. The main results are the literature review in the field of Social Engineering, with special emphasis on attack models and a reflection of the real-world professional experience.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY AS A FACTOR IN IMPROVING BUSINESS EFFICIENCY
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences, Bulevar umetnosti 2a, Belgrade, Serbia, Bevanda Vuk , Živaljević Aleksandra ,   Higher Colleges of Technology, Department of Business, United Arab Emirates, Pejović Biljana ,   Faculty of Social Sciences, Bulevar umetnosti 2a, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: July 2021

In modern business conditions, companies must be ready to respond at any time to the challenges, requirements and limitations that come from the environment. The development of a company is often described as a set of changes, i.e. metamorphoses, which it experiences during the adaptation to the challenges and threats that come from the environment, which are constantly present in the business process of the company. Broadly speaking, the development of a company represents the totality of the changes that it experiences in its life cycle, during its existence and business. The growth of a company is a change in its size, which is reflected in the number of employees, profit size, size and strength of installed capacities, market opportunities, market share. The paper aims to analyze the role and importance of growth and development in the business of modern companies, as well as their impact on improving business efficiency.
SOME FACTORS OF CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL BUSINESS OPERATIONS
Authors:   Faculty of Economics in Priština, Kosovska Mitrovica, Bracanović Slobodan N.
Published: July 2021

Contemporary forms of funding business entities are developed. Financial instruments of the capital market are built. Optimal financial strategies and tactical-operational activities are a necessity. Financial managerial management and decision-making structures are of special significance. Financial capital is dominant in contemporary conditions. A credit-monetary policy is an important economic policy system.
INNOVATIVE DESIGN CONCEPTS FOR QUALITY HPO ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   School of Engineering management, Bulevar Vojvode Mišića 43, Belgrade, Serbia, Tomic Srdjan , Rajković Jelena ,   School of Engineering management, Bulevar Vojvode Mišića 43, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: July 2021

The business of organizations, in the conditions of globalization, radically changes the market, conditions, and strength of competition, requiring managers to change the way they react and solve problems using quality. The most successful business entities become those who continuously encourage creativity and create new knowledge. In order to be competitive in an uncertain and unpredictable market, high-performance organizations must be innovative, generating new knowledge and new technologies. These are organizations that, by managing quality, have the ability and skills of continuous recognition of challenges and changes. The paper is based on showing how an organization needs to manage change and apply concepts, methods, and techniques that can pave the way for us to design OVP. The concept of a synergistic approach to the design of OVP organizations is necessary for an unpredictable and uncertain global environment.
REGIONAL HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT – ASPECTS OF INTERACTION WITH THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY
Authors:   University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, Nikolov Georgi , Vasileva Elka ,   University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria, Lyubomirova Veselina ,   University of National and World Economy, Sofia, Bulgaria
Published: July 2021

The development and modernization of societies define new approaches in managing human resources and, in particular, their characteristic - human capital. There is a growing need for its study and characterization and analysis of the extent to which it is crucial for the economic development of European regions, particularly Bulgaria. Human capital is a specific public resource phenomenon that creates added value based on education, knowledge, skills, intelligence, acquired professional experience, and many other components. The object of study is the targeted promotion of these components through public policies, programs, and initiatives, which creates prerequisites for improving the regions' overall economic performance. The authors set the task to analyze the stated public policies presented in the integrated territorial strategies to develop the planning regions, emphasizing the specific dimensions of human capital management in the different territories.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGERIAL INNOVATIONS IN RUSSIA: DECISIONS’ BACKGROUND, MAJOR AREAS AND FREQUENCY
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya ulitsa, Moscow 101000 Russia, Guseva Natalia , Sovetkin Yaroslav ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya ulitsa, Moscow 101000 Russia
Published: July 2021

Unpredictable, complex and ambiguous business environments compel local and multinational companies to be more flexible and innovative in managerial practices. Nowadays managerial innovations (MI) are becoming a prevailing research area in management worldwide. This study investigates the key aspects of MI implementation in Russia from theoretical and empirical perspectives. The empirical study involved 1 025 employees from 791 companies operating in Moscow and the Moscow region as the major business centers of Russia. The results showed that companies operating in the Russian market base their decision to implement MI mostly on “proprietary investigation” (29% respondents). It was revealed that the major areas of MI implementation for such companies are “motivation” and “effective communication”, which are part of the “soft managerial practices”. Finally, the results of the study showed that in the majority of companies operating in the Russian market, the implementations of MI are made occasionally, without a systematic approach (39% respondents).
IMPACT OF METAPROGRAMS ON THE PURCHASE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
Authors:   Business academy Smilevski BAS, bul. Jane Sandanski N. 111/2, Skopje, North Macedonia, Galovska Biljana , Kochoska Maja ,   Business academy Smilevski BAS, bul. Jane Sandanski N. 111/2, Skopje, North Macedonia
Published: July 2021

Each of us processes our own experience in a special way. There is no right or wrong way to handle it. Different people have different thinking structures and often do not understand each other. But, on the other hand, exactly that complexity of the human being is one of the biggest challenges in communication as a universal process. Discovering and adapting the identity of individuals becomes the number one priority. Consumers are exposed to many stimulants that motivate them to behave positively or negatively, react and decide. As processes in our mind that clarify the decision-making structure, as well as how individuals are motivated to take action, are metaprograms that are unconscious schemes for ordering information. They act as filters and allow only what is important to the individual to be taken into account. The main goal of this paper is to emphasize the knowledge about the existence of metaprograms, their understanding, application in terms of motivation to achieve a result by recognizing them allows us to become more influential and more able to touch in a way that is appropriate for people around us.
THE IMPORTANCE OF BUSINESS CULTURE FOR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Authors:   University of Business Studies, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Grahovac Dijana , Rađenović-Kozić Biljana ,   University of Business Studies, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: July 2021

In modern, global economic relations, interstate borders are minorized by the strong influence of economic interest. National business is becoming almost negligible because modern economic activities are, in most areas, within the framework of international business. Knowledge of the elements of culture in international business has become increasingly important, and it's reflected in the fact that it is necessary to know and respect the rules of the manner of business entities in certain cultures, which is both theoretically and practically confirmed as the only path that permanently provides long-term stability and successful business development in an international framework. For successful business cooperation with foreign partners, it is necessary to know their culture and how to adapt to it. Empirical researches in this area emphasize that depending on the culture business entities belong to, there are different business goals, relationships, different ways of business negotiation, business culture itself, and the values that come from it. Knowing and respecting diversity affects understanding and attitudes to (potential) business partners, which is the first step of business cooperation, and therefore has a significant impact on achieving positive results in negotiations in international business.
J. A. SCHUMPETER, A THEORIST OF INNOVATION AND A HISTORIAN OF ECONOMIC SCIENCE
Authors:   College of Polytechnics Jihlava, Tolsteho 16, 58601 Jihlava, Czech Republic, Jiříček Petr , Dostálová Zdeňka ,   College of Polytechnics Jihlava, Tolsteho 16, 58601 Jihlava, Czech Republic
Published: July 2021

The paper commemorates the 70th anniversary of the death of Joseph Alois Schumpeter, the world-renowned economist of Czech-Austrian origin and creator of innovation theory. It analyses Schumpeter’s work from the perspective of two aspects, complementing each other in his work: historical economic analysis and entrepreneurial innovation theory. The introduction reveals the genesis of his relation to enterprise, innovation, and the historical economics concept. The historical approach to economics appears in his scientific works at the time of his work at the European universities in Chernivtsi, Graz and Bonn, as well as in his later work at Harvard University. The paper also studies the rise of his innovation theory, first appearing during his work in Graz, Styria, and its gradual reflection in his professional work. The paper shows how these approaches merge in his economic teaching, which is very specific and includes both purely economic and technological and social aspects.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS IN SERBIA AT THE END OF 2019 ON THE TOPIC ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors:   Videobolt, Bulevar Mihajla Pupina 10a, Belgrade, Serbia, Mirković Maksimović Olga
Published: July 2021

The Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the period from 2020 to 2025 has been adopted in Serbia and the strategy proposal states that one of the goals is the development of science and innovation in the field of AI. Some of the indicators being measured are the number of patents as well as the number of published papers in this field. The initial state is currently unknown. The aim of this paper is to establish how many dissertations at which University and faculty have been defended on this topic, who are the most common mentors and members of the commissions. The paper deals with publicly available data of doctoral dissertations in Serbia and makes a quantitative analysis of doctoral dissertations on the topic of AI.
Communications patterns and power dynamics in the digital public sphere: A case study of the conversation about Minimum Living Income on Twitter
Authors:   Pompeu Fabra University, Pérez Altable Laura , Serrano-Tellería Ana ,   University of Castilla La Mancha
Published: July 2021

In 2020, in the midst of the first wave of the pandemic, the Spanish Government approved the implementation of the Minimum Living Income, a non-contributory benefit under the Spanish social security system that guarantees a minimum income for those in need of one. Drawing on previous work of Stefania Vicari et al. (2018) about the use of political hashtag publics and counter-visuality on the Italian Twittersphere, we analysed patterns of communication among users on Twitter. Thus, this paper contributes to existing research on the deliberative process within the digital sphere, with a particular focus on power structures and communication patterns. Findings show that digital-born media, politicians and political parties play a central role in the discussion through mention and quoted tweets practices, but not in the production of new messages, while ordinary users are more likely to be retweeted. This would suggest a tendency towards retransmitting and disseminating content produced by ordinary users more than official sources.
Data Journalism as an innovation in social communication: The case in sports industry
Authors:   Ramon Llull University, Işıl Vural Zeliha , Masip Pere
Published: July 2021

Data analysis has always been an integral part of journalism but combining it with technology was a novelty for newspapers. Journalism’s combination with technology was an innovation because of processing, interpretation, and visualization of large datasets in a journalistic content. In recent years, newspapers have started to adapt data journalism and integrated it to sports for better storytelling and making sports more understandable for readers. This research aims to analyse sports data journalism practices in Spain with a quantitative approach with content analysis of 1068 data journalism articles published by 6 newspapers (Marca, Mundo Deportivo, AS, El Mundo, El Periódico, El Pais) between 2017-2019. Quantitative analysis focuses on how sports data journalism is being adapted in Spain, technical features of articles, and the similarities and differences between sports and national newspapers to identify integration of sports data journalism.
¿Desaparecidas o escondidas? Análisis de la presencia de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades en las versiones online de The Guardian, El País y Público
Authors:   University of the Basque Country, Eizmendi Iraola Maider
Published: July 2021

La histórica división y jerarquización de los distintos saberes se ha trasladado también al periodismo científico, que ha primado habitualmente ciertas áreas como la ciencia, la tecnología, la ingeniería o las matemáticas (CTIM). En este contexto, el objetivo de este estudio ha consistido en analizar la presencia de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades en los medios online, partiendo de la idea de que, dadas sus características, los cibermedios son herramientas idóneas para el periodismo científico y se prestan a incluir nuevos temas. Mediante el análisis de contenido, se han estudiado 208 informaciones sobre ciencia publicadas en El País (España), Público (Portugal) y The Guardian (Reino Unido). Los resultados indican que la presencia de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades es menor que la de las ciencias duras y asciende a una de cada tres informaciones analizadas, siendo la historia y la economía los temas más presentes. Los datos también indican que las noticias sobre las ciencias sociales y las humanidades tienden a utilizarse en mayor medida como fuentes de autoridad, con una presencia más dispersa en diferentes secciones del medio, frente a un mayor valor noticioso de los resultados de las investigaciones en las áreas de la ciencia, la tecnología, la ingeniería o las matemáticas, que tienden a aparecer con mayor frecuencia en la sección específica de cada medio. Por todo ello, el protagonismo de las ciencias sociales y las humanidades tiende a quedar diluido en las páginas de los medios de comunicación frente al resto de las disciplinas científicas.
“Quemar huesos es cosa del demonio”: la prohibición de quemar los restos óseos de las presas entre los lacandones del norte
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Balsanelli Alice
Published: July 2021

En la mayoría de las sociedades cazadoras indígenas está vigente el tabú que prohíbe quemar los huesos de las presas. El mismo se observó entre los lacandones de Chiapas, en el ámbito de mis estudios sobre la cacería lacandona entendida como un complejo ritual. Se buscará explicar las razones de esta prohibición: se introducirán brevemente las nociones escatológicas mayas y la significación simbólica atribuida a los huesos. Posteriormente, se evidenciará el paralelismo entre el manejo de los restos humanos y de las presas, demostrando que los huesos se consideran elementos activos, portadores de esencias anímicas y que, por lo tanto, no pueden ser manejados como desechos. Se acudirá a trabajos etnográficos realizados en otras sociedades cazadoras y a datos de campo inéditos para demostrar la importancia del tabú que nos concierne en el presente escrito.
El performance al Justo Juez se apropia del espacio. Teatralidad, religiosidad y estética en un lugar sagrado de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas
Authors:   Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, López Crocker Ricardo
Published: July 2021

Este artículo explora vínculos entre la teatralidad y la religiosidad para mostrar que los ritos al Justo Juez —prácticas performativas que serían consideradas extra–cotidianas por Barba (1992)— construyen un lugar antropológico de carácter sagrado en la capilla dedicada a esta advocación de Jesús en iglesia de La Merced de San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas. Se funda en una investigación etnográfica que permite analizar la configuración de un espacio social a través de sus prácticas performativas. Por último, pretende contribuir al ámbito epistemológico de los estudios sociales incorporando una perspectiva escénica.
¿Fortalecer la democracia o el régimen patrimonial en México? Dilemas en la esfera civil frente al ayuno del expresidente Salinas
Authors:   Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Arteaga Botello Nelson
Published: July 2021

Se analiza la competencia por significar el ayuno que realizó el expresidente Carlos Salinas de Gortari para exigir a las autoridades que lo exoneraran de cualquier responsabilidad en las investigaciones del asesinato de Luis Donaldo Colosio —candidato presidencial del partido oficial— y de la crisis económica de 1995. El ayuno se interpretó como una ruptura de las reglas no escritas del régimen y como una amenaza a la transición democrática. La disputa sobre la autenticidad/inautenticidad del ayuno sugirió al mismo tiempo la necesidad de fortalecer la figura presidencial y acelerar el proceso de democratización.
Las tarjetas de visitante por razones humanitarias: una política migratoria de protección ¿e integración?
Authors:   El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Torre Cantalapiedra Eduardo
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las tarjetas de visitante por razones humanitarias (TVRH) como instrumento de protección e integración de los migrantes extranjeros en México. Asimismo, se examina el carácter polivalente, discrecional y temporal de estas. Con base en datos de registros administrativos, así como en la revisión bibliográfica y documental, se analiza la manera en que los sucesivos gobiernos mexicanos pusieron en práctica las TVRH en el periodo 2014–2020, prestando especial atención a tres casos de entrega discrecional de estas tarjetas.
El agua en zonas rurales de México. Desafíos de la Agenda 2030
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Soares Denise
Published: July 2021

El limitado acceso a los servicios de agua en las zonas rurales de México pone en riesgo el cumplimiento de la Agenda 2030 en su Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible número seis, relativo al agua y su saneamiento. El presente estudio, realizado en dos localidades rurales del estado de Puebla, tiene como fin identificar el acceso al agua por las familias y las estrategias empleadas para tratar de resolver la carencia de disponibilidad del recurso hídrico. Entre los resultados, se identificaron diferentes formas de abastecimiento y que la responsabilidad de disponer de agua recae en las mujeres. Se concluye argumentando que se requieren cambios estructurales profundos en el sector hídrico gubernamental, poniendo el enfoque de los derechos humanos como eje de la lógica de gestión.
Transformasi Digital UMKM Sektor Kuliner Di Kelurahan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Makassar, Hasan Muhammad , Dzakiyyah Aisyah ,   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Kumalasari Diah Ayu ,   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Safira Nabela ,   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Aini Sri Nur ,   Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Published: July 2021

Adanya pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan kebiasaan masyarakat mengalami perubahan. Semua aktivitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan internet. Hal ini menuntut pelaku UMKM untuk dapat bertransformasi dari tradisional menjadi digital agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen. Selain memberikan kemudahan dan keuntungan kepada pelaku UMKM, manfaat transformasi digital juga dirasakan oleh konsumen. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji fenomena transformasi digital pada UMKM sektor kuliner secara mendalam, melalui eksplorasi dan elaborasi kedua kasus yang terdapat pada UMKM yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur, sehingga berdasarkan eksplorasi dan elaborasi tersebut, dapat diidentifikasi tahapan transformasi digital pada UMKM sektor kuliner. Kajian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui metode multi kasus. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara pemilik usaha Warung Nasi Bebek Mbak Tia dan Warung Jamu Air Mancur yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Jatinegara, Jakararta Timur. Hasil kajian ini mendeskripsikan tahapan transformasi digital pada UMKM yang dibagi ke dalam 6 (enam) tahap, diantaranya (1) memahami literasi digital; (2) merencanakan sumber daya yang dibutuhkan dan menganalisis kebutuhan konsumen digital; (3) mendesain ulang; (4) mempersiapkan anggaran; (5) melakukan kemitraan; dan (6) implementasi, sehingga melalui tahapan tersebut, UMKM sektor kuliner yang telah bertransformasi digital mendapatkan keuntungan.
Analisis Kinerja PDAM Di Sumatera Utara Ditinjau Dari Aspek Keuangan
Authors:   Universitas Simalungun, Purba Djuli Sjafei , Tarigan Vitryani ,   Universitas Simalungun, Tarigan Wico J ,   Universitas Simalungun
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh aspek keuangan yang terdiri dari return on equity, ratio operasi, ratio kas, efektivitas penagihan dan solvabilitas terhadap kinerja. Perusahaan daerah Air Minum yang ada di Sumatera Utara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 18 PDAM dan menggunakan data 2016, 2017 dan 2018. Pengujian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regressi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS 20. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam pengujian hipotesis adalah uji simultan (F) statistik dan uji partial (t) statistik. Sebelum uji simultan (F) statistic dan uji partial (t) statitik terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji asumsi klasik yaitu dengan uji normalitas, uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas dan uji autokorelasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis menyimpulkan bahwa return on equity, ratio operasi, ratio kas, efektivitas penagihan dan solvabilitas secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja. Berdasarkan uji partial (t) return on equity berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja, ratio operasi berpengaruh positif dan siginifikan terhadap kinerja; ratio kas berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja, efektivitas penagihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja, solvabilitas berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Pada Era Kebiasaan Baru Pada Hotel Berbintang Lima Di Surabaya
Authors:   Universitas Kristen Petra, Iskandar Vido , Kartika Endo Wijaya ,   Universitas Kristen Petra, Kristianto David ,   Universitas Kristen Petra
Published: July 2021

Cleanliness, hygiene, sanitation dan environment merupakan program dari pemerintah melalui Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif terkait protokol kesehatan yang digunakan pada era kebiasaan baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dampak dari penerapan Cleanliness, hygiene, sanitation dan environment sebagai faktor pembentuk kualitas layanan kepada kepuasan konsumen pada era kebiasaan baru pada hotel berbintang 5 di Surabaya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif kausal yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas layanan dari karyawan hotel yang diukur dengan 5 aspek yaitu tangible, empathy, reliability, responsiveness dan assurance. Penelitian ini melibatkan 69 responden masyarakat Surabaya yang pernah menginap di hotel bintang 5 pada era kebiasaan baru. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan aspek kualitas layanan yang berdampak positif signifikan kepada kepuasan konsumen adalah tangible, empathy dan assurance. Sedangkan responsiveness dan reliability berdampak positif tidak signifikan kepada kepuasan konsumen para era kebiasaan baru pada hotel berbintang 5 di Surabaya. Implikasi manajerial pada penelitian ini diharapkan pihak hotel dapat menerapkan protokol kesehatan dengan ketat serta menyesuaikan Standard Operational Procedure menjadi contactless. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan perubahan persepsi konsumen yang tidak terlalu memperhatikan aspek layanan terkait interaksi secara langsung antara karyawan dan konsumen seperti reliability dan responsiveness, tetapi lebih memperhatikan aspek lain seperti tangible, empathy dan assurance terkait dengan protokol kesehatan.
Sensitivity Analysis of Dam Breach Parameters for Variation Capacity Earthen Dams
Authors: Tran Chau Kim
Published: July 2021

Sensitivity analysis is an effective tool to determine the robustness of an assessment by examining the extent to which the results are affected by changes in input. In this study, the FAST method was applied to analyse the sensitivity to the earth dam failure process. Four (04) input variables were selected including breach development time, breach width, side slope, and initial breach position. The effects of these parameters on the two (02) outputs i.e., the maximum outflow, and rising time were assessed. The study was applied to 08 reservoirs with different capacities. The sensitivity analysis showed that the development time and initial breach location dominantly affect these outputs. Additionally, development time is the most important factor in rising time. The lateral slope has an insignificant effect on outputs. The effect of breach width can be neglected to rising time, however, its influence on maximum outflow is significant. The results of this study show the role of input variables in the flow hydrograph due to dam failure. Through this research, the workload of the breach parameter analysis process can be substantially reduced.
Polyelectrolytes as a Material of Value in Water Treatment: A Review
Authors: Jabin Shagufta , Gupta Priti , Sharma Mukta
Published: July 2021

The use of polyelectrolytes in the treatment of water/wastewater has been studied with special emphasis on the characteristic impurities, which should be removed and the types of polyelectrolytes commonly available. Much attention is being on using polyelectrolyte as primary coagulation, their application as a coagulant aid, including the use of dual polyelectrolytes in the treatment of complex industrial wastewater. The optimum dosage of polyelectrolytes in all kinds of water and wastewater is very low when they are used as coagulant aids in conjunction with inorganic polyelectrolytes. Hence, the quantification of remaining polyelectrolytes in the water after their treatment is ruled out in this case. Polymer toxicity in aquatic animals has been assessed and the presence of residual polyelectrolytes in the treated water has been discussed. Keeping in view the applicability of these polyelectrolytes for the removal of contaminants, it is expected that this technique can be applied for further investigation in various types of water from different origins.
Film thickness effect on structural, optical and electrical properties of indium oxide (In2O3) thin films grown via sol-gel method
Authors: Nouadji R. , Attaf A. , Derbali A. , Bouhdjer A. , Saidi H. , Aida M.S. , Zeribi F. , Benkhetta O. , Messemeche R. , Nouadji M. , Attaf N.
Published: July 2021

In this work, we investigated the effect of the thickness on structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of In2O3 thin films synthesized via by sol–gel spin coating technique. The prepared samples were characterized by various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra, UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer as well as the electrical measurements via the four-probe technique. The XRD analysis reveals that the films have a cubic crystalline structure, with (222) preferential orientation. The crystallite size values of the films were varied from 14 to 27 nm. The (SEM) images indicated that the homogenous and smooth surface with better adherent to the substrate surface. The EDX spectrum reveals the presence of In and O element necessary for In2O3 films for film formation. Excess of oxygen is observed due to the substrate contribution. The transmittance results exhibit that the films are highly transparent, more than 75% in the visible range from 400 nm to 800 nm is measured. The estimated band gap energy is found to increase with increasing film thickness (3.37–3.7 eV). The electrical resistivity of the In2O3 thin films substantially decreases with the increasing film thickness from 1.48×10-4 to 1.3×10-3 Ω.cm.
Immuno-histological detection of resistant columnar units and vulnerable networks in the rat retina after asphyxia-induced transient cardiac arrest
Authors: Keilhoff Gerburg , Titze Maximilian , Ebmeyer Uwe
Published: July 2021

Background:

Stroke-related loss of vision is one of the residual impairments, restricting the quality of life. However, studies of the ocular manifestations of asphyxia cardiac arrest/resuscitation (ACA/R) have reported very heterogeneous results.

Objective:

We aimed to evaluate the ACA/R-induced degeneration pattern of the different retinal cell populations in rats using different immuno-histological stainings.

Methods:

The staining pattern of toluidine blue and the ganglion cell markers β-III-tubulin and NeuN; the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin, indicating ganglion, amacrine, and horizontal cells; calretinin D28k, indicating ganglion and amacrine cells; calbindin, indicating horizontal cells; Chx 10, indicating cone bipolar cells; PKCα, indicating ON-type rod bipolar cells; arrestin, indicating cones; and rhodopsin, a marker of rods, as well as the glial cell markers GFAP (indicating astroglia and Müller cells) and IBA1 (indicating microglia), were evaluated after survival times of 7 and 21 days in an ACA/R rat model. Moreover, quantitative morphological analysis of the optic nerve was performed. The ACA/R specimens were compared with those from sham-operated and completely naïve rats.

Results:

ACA/R-induced effects were: (i) a significant reduction of retinal thickness after long-term survival; (ii) ganglion cell degeneration, including their fiber network in the inner plexiform layer; (iii) degeneration of amacrine and cone bipolar cells; (iv) degeneration of cone photoreceptors; (v) enhanced resistance to ACA/R by rod photoreceptors, ON-type rod bipolar and horizontal cells, possibly caused by the strong upregulation of the calcium-binding proteins calretinin, parvalbumin, and calbindin, counteracting the detrimental calcium overload; (vi) significant activation of Müller cells as further element of retinal anti-stress self-defense mechanisms; and (vii) morphological alterations of the optic nerve in form of deformed fibers.

Conclusions:

Regardless of the many defects, the surviving neuronal structures seemed to be able to maintain retinal functionality, which can be additionally improved by regenerative processes true to the “use it or lose it” dogma.