bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LITERATURE RIVIEW: PENERAPAN PRINSIP TERMODINAMIKA, PEMUAIAN TERMAL DAN PERPINDAHAN KALOR DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI
Authors: Amira
Published: August 2024

Termodinamika termasuk ke dalam kelompok ilmu fisika yang berisikan materi tentang  kalor dan perpindahanny (Eli Trisnowati et al., 2023). Konsep termodinamika, pemuaian termal, dan perpindahan kalor tidak hanya dijumpai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari namun prinsip termodinamika juga dipakai dalam penggunaan alat industri dan teknologi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui alat-alat, bidang, serta aktivitas apa saja yang menggunakan prinsip termodinamika, perpindahan kalor dan pemuaian dalam penerapannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah literature review dengan menganalisis 30 artikel yang relevan dan berfokus pada penerapan prinsip termodinamika, pemuaian termal dan perpindahan kalor dalam kehidupan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa termodinamika, pemuaian termal, dan perpindahan kalor berperan penting dalam berbagai aktivitas seperti pembuatan kerupuk, tahu, genteng, dan batu bata, serta dalam penggunaan alat elektronik seperti kulkas, hair dryer, dan hand dryer. Selain itu, prinsip termodinamika diterapkan dalam teknologi industri seperti generator mini, pembangkit listrik tenaga uap, dan industri keramik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hukum termodinamika secara luas diterapkan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan, baik dalam skala rumah tangga maupun industri.
Potensi Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia Dalam Pola Dasar Manajemen dan Dana Pihak Ketiga
Authors: Pasrizal Himyar , Zetria Fauza Dwi
Published: August 2024

This article aims to examine the potential of sharia banking in Indonesia in terms of basic management patterns and third party funds. The method used in this research is the library research. The research results explain that  sharia bank management is reflected in the annual financial report published by the OJK and contains the Third Party Funds of the sharia bank concerned. The potential for sharia banking in Indonesia shows a positive value, this is reflected in the total assets as of January 2023 owned by Sharia Commercial Banks and Sharia Business Units  reaching IDR 765.36 trillion. This is also supported by an increase in Third Party Funds by 12% which is able to make BSI one of the largest sharia banks in Indonesia in the position of the sixth largest bank in Indonesia and the fourteenth position of the largest sharia bank in the world with Third Party Funds of 261. 49 Trillion
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBINAAN NAZHIR WAKAF DI PERWAKILAN BADAN WAKAF INDONESIA PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT
Authors: Helva Mita Monica , Firdaus Rahmat , Emrizal Emrizal
Published: August 2024

Abstrak  Perwakilan Badan Wakaf Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat merupakan sebuah lembaga independen yang bertugas dalam pembinaan nazhir untuk mengembangkan dan pengeloaan harta benda wakaf. Pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini bagaimanakah efektivitas pembinaan nazhir di Perwakilan Badan Wakaf Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan Bagaimanakah Manfaat pembinaan yang dilakukan perwakilan Badan Wakaf Indonesia kepada para nazhir yang telah di bina. Jenis Penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah (field research) penelitian lapangan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang penulis lakukan adalah observasi, wawancara dengan pengurus Perwakilan Badan wakaf Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat, para nazhir yang telah dibina dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data adalah display data, reduksi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Efektivitas pembinaan nazhir di Perwakilan Badan Wakaf Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat yaitu menambah wawasan nazhir dan ilmu pengetahuan nazhir tentang pengadministrasian, pengelolaan dan pengembangan harta wakaf, baik wakaf uang, wakaf melalui uang dan wakaf benda tidak bergerak secara produktif.Kata kunci: Efektivitas, Nazhir Wakaf, Perwakilan Badan Wakaf Indonesia
Analisis Metode Perhitungan Zakat pada Bank Syariah Indonesia
Authors: Asrida Asrida , Amor Atika
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the zakat calculation method carried out by Bank Syariah Indonesia. The zakat calculation method used by Bank Syariah Indonesia will be compared with the method issued by AAOIFI and BAZNAS. This type of research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The document used in this research is the financial report of Bank Syariah Indonesia which was published in 2023. The data analysis technique in this research is content analysis technique. The research results show that Bank Syariah Indonesia uses a profit account before zakat and tax multiplied by 2.5% as the basis for calculating zakat. Bank Syariah Indonesia zakat potential if calculated using the AAOIFI and BAZNAS methods reaches 3 to 4 times the amount of zakat currently issued. Bank Syariah Indonesia zakat has the potential to be greater using the Net Invested Fund method, namely Rp 859,696 billion.
Analisis Manajemen Risiko Pengelolaan Wakaf Pada Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Payakumbuh Timur (Studi Pengelolaan Wakaf Tanah)
Authors: Ningsih Tesa Dwi , Rizal Rizal , Sari Chitra Indah , Nopiardo Widi
Published: August 2024

The main problem in this research is the source of risk that occurs in the management of waqf at the East Payakumbuh District Religious Affairs Office. The type of research that the author uses is field research with a qualitative approach research method. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique is by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that there are 13 risks faced in the management of land waqf in the KUA of East Payakumbuh District and the form of control by conducting outreach to the wakif so that the wakif understands land waqf, holding meetings between the Head of the KUA of East Payakumbuh District and his Deputy. East Payakumbuh District KUA recommends to the wakif that the documents be completed. and the KUA takes the documentation at the time of the waqf pledge, keeps the documentation so that it is not lost and the KUA also advises the wakif to make a land certificate to the land institution so that the waqf land can be donated.
Connexin 43 regulates pyroptosis by influencing intracellular calcium levels in X-ray induced vascular endothelial cell damage
Authors: Li Chen , Jia Yong-Rui , Gou Qiao , Ju Zhong-Jian
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVE: Our prior research has established that X-ray exposure induces pyroptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), with Cx43 playing a regulatory role in this process. However, the precise mechanism by which Cx43 regulates pyroptosis remains unclear. The objective of this study is to assess the involvement of the calcium signaling pathway in Cx43-mediated regulation of X-ray-induced pyroptosis in HUVECs. METHODS: HUVECs were exposed to 10 Gy X-ray radiation either alone or combined with Cx43 overexpression or knockdown. Calcium ions (Ca2+) were stained using Fluo-4/AM and analyzed via flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Pyroptosis was assessed through flow cytometry by staining with FLICA (fluorescent-labeled inhibitor of caspase) and propidium iodide (PI). Calcium signaling was inhibited using BAPTA/AM, 2-APB, or nifedipine. Protein expression levels were assessed by western blotting. RESULTS: X-ray irradiation induced an increase in intracellular calcium levels in HUVECs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The results demonstrated that regulating calcium release with BAPTA/AM, 2-APB, or nifedipine significantly reduced pyroptosis. Also, the overexpression of Cx43 significantly attenuated the increase in intracellular calcium. Conversely, Cx43 knockdown via siRNA significantly increased the intracellular calcium levels. Also, interfering with calcium signaling using BAPTA/AM, 2-APB, or nifedipine reduced the raised pyroptosis levels induced by Cx43 knockdown. CONCLUSION: Individual HUVECs exposed to high-dose X-ray irradiation exhibited an increase in intracellular calcium, leading to pyroptosis. Also, upregulating Cx43 expression reduced the pyroptosis levels by inhibiting intracellular calcium concentration. This study introduces new concepts for identifying targets for the prophylaxis and therapy of radiation-induced damage.
Advancing computational thinking education: Insights from systems thinking applications
Authors: Hamidi Ali
Published: August 2024

Background

In today’s world, acquiring essential skills is crucial for empowering individuals, particularly children, to handle everyday challenges and tasks in a technologically advanced society. Among these skills, computational thinking (CT) plays a vital role in problem-solving and adapting to the complex and evolving demands of the 21st century. However, it is necessary to explore the role of other thinking skills alongside CT, considering that CT cannot be improved and applied in isolation.

Objective

This paper aims to address the gap in knowledge regarding the application of systems thinking to CT development and its integration into education settings.

Methods

Results from two studies, focusing on CT development using educational robotics and maker technologies, form the basis of this paper. The research findings are synthesized and consolidated using the systemic FMA (framework of ideas, methodology, and area of concern) model.

Results

The research findings illustrate that utilizing a diverse set of approaches, methods, and tools can improve CT skill development across different educational settings.

Conclusions

The adapted FMA model promotes methodological pluralism and facilitates a critical examination of CT development boundaries, leading to both conceptual and practical changes. This approach enables the recognition of emergent properties, the design of interventions, and the incorporation of multiple perspectives.
Slow Gait Speed Predicts Incident Dementia, Mortality, and Long-Term Functional Outcome in Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease
Authors: Hosoya Megumi , Toi Sono , Yoshizawa Hiroshi , Kitagawa Kazuo
Published: August 2024

Background:

Gait impairment is observed in patients with small vessel disease (SVD); however, the association between gait function and long-term outcome remains unclear.

Objectives:

This study aimed to clarify the predictive value of gait function on incident dementia, survival and functional outcome.

Methods:

Data were derived from a Japanese cohort of patients with SVD. This study included 522 participants who underwent 3-m timed up and go test (TUG), and gait speed, TUG time, was divided into tertiles. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate severity of white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, and medial temporal atrophy. Primary outcome was dementia. All-cause death and functional outcome by modified Rankin scale at the last visit was also evaluated.

Results:

The median age was 71 years, and median TUG time was 9.91 s. During follow-up period of 4.8 years, 32 cases of dementia occurred. Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that slow gait speed (TUG time >  10.88 s) was associated with a significantly higher risk of incident dementia than fast (TUG time <  9.03) and middle (TUG time, 9.04–10.87 s) speeds after adjusting risk factors, Mini-Mental State Examination, SVD severity and brain atrophy (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–6.42, p = 0.022). Slow speed was also associated with mortality and poor functional outcome compared with other speeds (adjusted odds ratio, 4.19; 95% confidence interval 1.92–9.18, p <  0.001).

Conclusions:

Gait function was associated with incident dementia, mortality and poor functional outcome independently of cognitive function, brain atrophy, and SVD severity.
Association of Young-Onset Dementia with Pre-Existing Peripheral Vestibular Disorders
Authors: Hung Shih-Han , Chang Alison H. , Cheng Yen-Fu , Lin Herng-Ching , Chen Chin-Shyan
Published: August 2024

Background:

The relationship between young-onset dementia and peripheral vestibular disorders remained largely unknown although this association was observed in the older population.

Objective:

This case-control study aims to investigate the association of young-onset dementia with a pre-existing diagnosis of peripheral vestibular disorders using a population-based data from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010.

Methods:

This study included 989 patients with young-onset dementia and 2967 propensity-score-matching controls. Differences in baseline characteristic between patients with young-onset dementia and controls were investigated using chi-square tests or t-tests. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to assess the association of young-onset dementia (outcome) with pre-existing peripheral vestibular disorders (predictor).

Results:

Compared to patients without young-onset dementia, those affected by this condition exhibited a statistically significantly higher rate of peripheral vestibular disorders (18.3% versus 8.2%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, our analysis found notable between-group disparities in the rates of Meniere’s Disease (3.5% versus 2.0%, p= 0.015), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (2.4% versus 1.1%, p= 0.006), and vestibular neuritis (2.4% versus 1.1%, p= 0.003). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of prior peripheral vestibular disorders increased the odds of young-onset dementia [2.603 (95% CI = 2.105∼3.220)] after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, geographic location, urbanization level, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hearing loss, and hypertension.

Conclusions:

The study findings demonstrate a notable association between young-onset dementia and pre-existing peripheral vestibular disorders, suggesting that vestibular malfunction could play a role in the development of young-onset dementia.
Enlarged Perivascular Spaces Are Independently Associated with High Pulse Wave Velocity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kinjo Yoshino , Saji Naoki , Murotani Kenta , Sakima Hirokuni , Takeda Akinori , Sakurai Takashi , Ohya Yusuke , Kusunose Kenya
Published: August 2024

Background:

Recent studies have demonstrated an association between pulse wave velocity (PWV), cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), and cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, the association between brachial-ankle PWV and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS), one component of cerebral SVD remains controversial.

Objective:

To investigate the relationship between brachial-ankle PWV and EPVS severity in participants without dementia.

Methods:

We performed a cross-sectional study of data of 74 participants from sub-analysis of ongoing research. We assessed cognitive function, brachial-ankle PWV, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Using brain MRI, EPVS were separately assessed as basal ganglia (BG)-EPVS or centrum semiovale (CSO)-EPVS on the basis of their location. The relationship between EPVS severity and brachial-ankle PWV was evaluated using multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses.

Results:

We analyzed 74 participants (women: 47%, mean age: 73 years, mild cognitive impairment [MCI]: 74%). Compared with participants with normal cognition, those with MCI were more likely to have both severe BG-EPVS and severe CSO-EPVS. In multivariable analyses, high brachial-ankle PWV and age were independently associated with BG-EPVS severity (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.19 [1.02–1.38], 1.09 [1.01–1.17], respectively), whereas only age was independently associated with CSO-EPVS severity. A causal mediation analysis under a counterfactual approach revealed a significant pure natural indirect effect of brachial-ankle PWV on MCI that was mediated by BG-EPVS (estimate: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12, p = 0.006).

Conclusions:

Brachial-ankle PWV was associated with BG-EPVS severity. High PWV may cause cerebrovascular pulsatility, which accelerates BG-EPVS and may worsen cognitive impairment.
Cognitive Effects of Three β-Adrenoceptor Acting Drugs in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Eijsvogel Pepijn P.N.M. , Borghans Laura G.J.M. , Prins Samantha , Moss Laurence , van Kraaij Sebastiaan J.W. , van Brummelen Emilie , Klaassen Erica , Martin Renee S. , Bautista Edgar , Ford Anthony P. , Kremer Philip H.C. , Groeneveld Geert Jan , Vargas Gabriel A.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Noradrenergic signaling declines in Parkinson’s disease (PD) following locus coeruleus neurodegeneration. Epidemiologic studies demonstrate that β-acting drugs slow PD progression.

Objective:

The primary objective was to compare the safety and effects of 3 β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) acting drugs on central nervous system (CNS) function after a single dose in healthy volunteers (HVs) and evaluate the effects of multiple doses of β-AR acting drugs in HVs and PD-patients.

Methods:

In Part A, HVs received single doses of 32 mg salbutamol, 160 μg clenbuterol, 60 mg pindolol and placebo administered in a randomized, 4-way cross-over study. In Part B (randomized cross-over) and Part C (parallel, 2:1 randomized), placebo and/or clenbuterol (20 μg on Day 1, 40 μg on Day 2, 80 μg on Days 3–7) were administered. CNS functions were assessed using the NeuroCart test battery, including pupillometry, adaptive tracking and recall tests.

Results:

Twenty-seven HVs and 12 PD-patients completed the study. Clenbuterol improved and pindolol reduced the adaptive tracking and immediate verbal recall performance. Clenbuterol and salbutamol increased and pindolol decreased pupil-to-iris ratios. Clenbuterol was selected for Parts B and C. In Part B, clenbuterol significantly increased performance in adaptive tracking with a tendency toward improved performance in immediate and delayed verbal recall. In Part C trends toward improved performance in immediate and delayed verbal recall were observed in PD-patients. Typical cardiovascular peripheral β2-AR effects were observed with clenbuterol.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates the pro-cognitive effects of clenbuterol in HVs with similar trends in PD-patients. The mechanism of action is likely activation of β2-ARs in the CNS.
Effect of lower limb resistance exercise with abdominal draw-in on stroke survivors: A pilot study
Authors: Cho Myunggi , Lee Miyoung , Jeong Taewoong , Chung Yijung
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based guidelines are needed to inform rehabilitation practice including the effect of non-paralytic lower limb resistance exercise with abdominal drawing-in technique (ADIM) on recovery of trunk control, balance and daily living after stroke survivors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of trunk control strengthening performed in non-paralytic lower limb resistance exercise with ADIM on trunk control, balance, daily living in stroke survivors. METHODS: The 24 participants with stroke were randomly divided into three groups: lower limb resistance exercise group (LRAG; n = 8), lower limb exercise group (LAG; n = 8), and control group (CG; n = 8). The training sessions were conducted three times a week for four weeks. Outcome measures included the Korean version Trunk Impairment Scale (K-TIS), Postural Assessment Scale of Stroke (PASS), Modified Functional Reach Test (mFRT), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Foot print and Modified Barthel’s Index (MBI). RESULTS: The results showed that the LRAG had a significant effect on the K-TIS, PASS, mFRT, Foot print and MBI than the LAG and CG (p < 0.05). The BBS results showed a significant difference the CG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed that repeated non-paralytic lower limb resistance exercises with ADIM can be used clinically as a training method for general physiotherapy in patients with reduced postural control, balance and daily living.
Valves materials for internal combustion engines
Authors: Rushchits S. V. , Sozykina A. S.
Published: August 2024

The main strategy for improving the efficiency of internal combustion engines is to increase the cylinder pressure, which inevitably leads to increased mechanical and thermal stress on key engine components, including the intake and exhaust valves. However, traditional materials used for engine valves today are being pushed to their limits. Thus, increasing the efficiency of the next generation internal combustion engines requires the development of new valve materials with a higher set of performance properties at elevated temperatures. The article discusses the operating conditions of engine valves and the requirements for valve materials. A comparative analysis of traditional Russian and foreign valve materials that are widely used today (martensitic and austenitic steels, nickel-based alloys) has been performed. It is noted that Russian standards for valve materials contain recommendations for the use of certain steels for engine valves, which have long lost their market positions abroad due to their inherent shortcomings. On the other hand, some foreign materials specially developed for exhaust valves of diesel engines are not produced by Russian industry. A review of new generation valve materials developed by leading foreign companies in this field to replace expensive nickel-based alloys was carried out. It is noted that the development of new domestic cost-effective valve materials capable of operating under conditions of higher temperatures and pressures in more aggressive environments is an important scientific and technical problem, the solution of which is necessary for the accelerated development of the Russian engine industry
Environmental prospects for galvanizing steel technologies
Authors: Radionova L. V. , Glebov L. A. , Bykov V. A. , Sosedkova M. A.
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the main technologies for applying zinc coatings, which make it possible to protect steel products from corrosion and thereby reduce the harmful impact on the environment. The technological features of hot, galvanic, thermal diffusion, cold and gas-thermal galvanizing are described. A comparative analysis of the considered galvanizing technologies was carried out from the point of view of their harmful effects on the environment and human health. The analysis made it possible to establish that hot-dip galvanizing is applicable to protect steel strips and wires, which has minimal impact on the environment, but the surface preparation processes for it cause significant harm to the environment and human health. Electroplating production is one of the most dangerous sources of environmental pollution, due to the fact that both in the surface preparation process and during the coating itself, reagents and electrolytes are used that have a harmful effect on both the environment and human health. Thermal diffusion, cold and gas-thermal galvanizing during surface preparation allows mechanical cleaning using abrasive materials, which significantly increases the environmental friendliness of these methods. Thermal diffusion and gas-thermal galvanizing are by far the most environmentally friendly processes and allow the application of corrosion-resistant coatings to products of complex shapes. The use of wire in gas-thermal galvanizing makes it possible to increase the economic efficiency of the process compared to powder technologies. The equipment used for thermal spraying is universal and can be used to apply various protective coatings, as well as restore worn parts. The impact of this galvanizing method on the environment is minimal and is today one of the most effective and promising methods of protecting steel products from corrosion.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE SPATIAL MODEL OF THE DAMAGED NINE-STORY BUILDING FOR STRENGTH AND RIGIDITY ASSESSMENT BASED ON SURVEY RESULTS
Authors: Koshevyi Oleksandr , Lazareva Maryna , Iansons Maryna , Chubarev Anton , Marchuk Oleksandr , Smolensky Artur
Published: August 2024

The paper presents the main ideas and possibilities of creating a complex spatial numerical model, research and analysis of the stress-strain state, strength and stiffness of a damaged nine-story building with the help of our own software, using the modified method of straight lines, and the calculation software complex LIRA from the action of a complex load based on the results of an engineering survey by experimental methods. The created complex model of the building based on BIM technologies is used for further adoption of optimal project decisions and significantly accelerates project work. The results of a numerical study of a complex spatial model and conclusions about the strength characteristics of structures and the building as a whole significantly expand the possibilities in making project decisions and creating promising developments based on them.
LOAD-LOADING CAPACITY AND CRACK FORMATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE CYLINDRICAL SHELL WHEN CHANGING ITS THICKNESS
Authors: Surianinov Mykola , Neutov Stepan , Soroka Mykola , Metlizkiy Vitalii
Published: August 2024

The results of experimental studies of long cylindrical shells with the aim of determining their stress-strain state, load-bearing capacity and crack resistance when the thickness of the shell changes are described. A special stand was developed by the authors to implement the task. 4 models of a cylindrical shell made of reinforced concrete (samples RC1-RC4) were manufactured and tested. The thickness of the samples was 45, 50, 55, 60 mm, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the side elements were changed accordingly. The distributed load (vertical) was applied in four strips, each 13 cm wide, and only the body of the shell, i.e. the side members were not loaded. The shell hinges from the corners on 100x100mm plates. Inside each side element are two reinforcing rods with a diameter of 10 mm. In order to obtain a complete and reliable picture of the deformation of the shell surface, 4 hour-type indicators are attached to each of the three zones located between the load chains. In addition to indicators, strain gauges were pasted on the shell, which were used to monitor deformations on the upper and lower surfaces. The loading process ended when the tested shell lost its ability to resist the external load. The magnitude of the load corresponding to this moment was taken as the bearing capacity of the shell. Simultaneously with the shell samples, control samples of prisms and cubes were made to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete. Graphs of the dependence of the relative deformation on the load were constructed. The bearing capacity of the shells and the load at which the first crack formed were determined. By the time of loss of bearing capacity, cracks with the same initial opening width of 0.05 mm had formed in all shells. The final crack opening width, as well as the load-bearing capacity, slightly increased with increasing shell thickness. However, the load at the beginning of crack formation turned out to be the largest for the two average values of the shell thickness – 50 and 55 mm. The general pattern of cracking of all samples is almost the same. The test methodology and the developed stand are universal in nature and will be used for further research.
BEARING CAPACITY OF BEAMS UNDER SHORT-TERM LOADS USING THE DIAGRAM OF CONCRETE DEFORMATION IN THE APPEARANCE OF THE FIFTH DEGREE POLYNOM
Authors: Surianinov Mykola , Fomin Volodymyr , Vyhnanets Marina
Published: August 2024

The theoretical determination of the load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams under short-term loads using the concrete deformation diagram in the form of a fifth degree polynomial and its comparison with the results of experimental studies is considered. In the calculations of reinforced concrete structures using the deformation model of sections, the bending moments are calculated relative to the neutral line, which is located at a distance from the extreme fiber of the compressed concrete and limits its height. In the DBN of Ukraine, it is proposed to describe the concrete deformation diagram by a polynomial of the fifth degree or by a fractional-rational dependence, which was proposed and substantiated by the State Research Institute of Building Structures. Under these conditions, the theoretical bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete beam was obtained, which was also found experimentally.
The authors conducted experimental studies of the load-bearing capacity of three series of beams of different types (three identical samples in each series): Series I - beams made of ordinary concrete; II series - steel-reinforced concrete beams; III series - beams of combined section, in which the lower (stretched) height zone is made of steel fiber concrete, and the upper (compressed) zone is made of ordinary concrete. Fiber, the total volume of which was 1%, was uniformly added to the composition of the concrete mass for the II and III series of samples during mixing.
A comparison of the theoretical bearing capacity of a reinforced concrete beam with its value obtained experimentally shows that the theoretical value is quite significantly (1.36 times) higher than the experimental value.
PECULIARITIES OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE UNITED NATIONS COMMITTEE OF EXPERTS ON GLOBAL GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION MANAGEMENT (UN-GGIM): UKRAINE'S EXPERIENCE
Authors: Maliuk Oleksandr
Published: August 2024

This article examines the activities of the United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM), namely: the structure of the organisation, programmes and areas of work; resolutions adopted by the Committee and strategies for the development of geospatial information.
The aim of this paper is to research the peculiarities of the UN Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management (UN-GGIM) and analyse the results of the active participation of Ukrainian scientists and civil servants in this organisation.
It analysed what role Ukraine plays by actively participating in the projects of the UN-GGIM Committee, and how the results obtained affect the topographic, geodetic and mapping activities and the sphere of the National Geospatial Data Infrastructure of Ukraine (hereinafter referred to as NGDI). 11 programmes of the UN-GGIM Committee were separately analysed for the participation of the Ukrainian side in the working groups.
The results obtained allowed us to conclude that Ukraine, represented by the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre, continues to overcome the path of NSDI development and creation of high-quality, reliable, up-to-date, interoperable geospatial data that will meet the current level of development of geographic information systems and global trends of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It should be noted that in most programmes of the UN-GGIM Committee, the Ukrainian side is not represented as a team member, although it implements these topics at the national level in terms of research and development.
LAND PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF LAND TASKS WITHIN AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS: SUCCESSFUL PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Prokopenko Nataliia , Dets Tetiana , Rozhi Tomas
Published: August 2024

The development and implementation of innovative technologies and methods in land planning and management can become the key to solving these problems, offering new opportunities for the sustainable development of agricultural landscapes. The research aims to analyze successful practices and identify challenges in the field, which is extremely important for the development of effective strategies for sustainable land management at the local, national and international levels. The purpose of the article. assessment of modern approaches, methods and innovative solutions in land planning and management used in agro-landscape projects to ensure their environmental sustainability, economic efficiency and social justice. Research methods. 1). Geoinformation analysis for the collection, analysis, management and visualization of data on land resources in order to improve planning and management processes; 2). System analysis to determine the relationships between various components of agro-landscape systems, including the impact of agricultural technologies on natural resources; 3). Project approach to agro-landscape projects, with the aim of developing and implementing land planning and management projects. The results. Successful land planning and management requires an integrated approach that involves environmental, economic, and social aspects. This promotes a balance between production needs and conservation of natural resources. Prospects. Study of the effectiveness of the latest technologies in land planning and management, in particular artificial intelligence, blockchain and remote sensing, to identify promising directions for their use in agricultural landscapes. Development and testing of integrated land management models that take into account environmental, economic and social aspects in order to ensure sustainable development.
CREATION AND USE OF GEOSPATIAL DATA FOR MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Tretiak Vladyslav
Published: August 2024

The modern urban environment requires an integrated approach to management and development that takes into account various aspects of urban development and quality of life. This article discusses the use of geoinformation technologies for the creation and use of a geospatial database in the context of urban development analysis and morphometric indicators. It emphasises the importance of collecting, analysing and using geodata for effective urban planning and development.
The article discusses various aspects of the use of geographic information systems in urban planning, including remote sensing for collecting geospatial data, analysis of morphometric indicators of urban development, development of recommendations for improving the urban environment and creation of urban plans based on the analysis of these data. The article highlights the main advantages of using geoinformation technologies in urban planning, such as increased accuracy and speed of data processing, the ability to comprehensively analyse geospatial information and simplify decision-making.
The results of the study can be useful for city authorities, architects, planners and other stakeholders involved in the development and management of the urban environment. The use of geoinformation technologies in urban planning can contribute to the sustainable development of cities and improve the quality of life of their residents by making the planning process more efficient and transparent.
The role of geoinformation technologies in the creation and use of a geospatial database for the analysis of urban development and morphometric indicators was investigated. In particular, the main aspects of creating a geospatial database, the use of geographic information systems in the collection and processing of geodata, as well as the analysis and application of morphometric indicators in urban planning were considered.
INFLUENCE OF HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES ON PLANNING CHANGES IN PRODUCTION AREAS
Authors: Lepeshko Anatolii
Published: August 2024

The article provides a historical chronology of the development of technologies on the basis of which industrial enterprises were formed. Each revolutionary discovery that affected the technological process made changes in the reorganization of industrial activity and, accordingly, in the formation of the functional and planning organization of production areas. Technological structures in different historical periods are analyzed and the historical development of certain types of activities is depicted, which helps to understand the formation of industry and production territories over a long period of time.
Due to constant various fluctuations that affect industrial activity, there is a need to look for approaches to its reorganization and reconstruction in order to create greater flexibility and adaptability to such changes. Thus, consideration of flexibility and adaptability may allow for easier reorganization and reconstruction when industrial capacity increases and decreases, technologies or activities change. Accordingly, flexibility indicators should take into account various models of functional and planning organization.
The conducted analysis shows that the influence of historical events on the formation of industrial activity is quite strong, which is ultimately reflected in the functional and planning organization of production areas. This article examines changes in industrial activity in the historical period of the 17th - 21st centuries. thereby drawing attention to periodic changes that require reconstruction and reorganization of production areas.
It should also be noted that each level of industrial activity with the appropriate capacity can be implemented as a full-fledged, balanced planning model based on the calculation of the number of employees in an urban or rural settlement. The main recommendations provided in this article are the consideration of historical experience over several centuries to understand possible chronological changes in the future. Thus, the reorganization and reconstruction of production areas can take into account prospective needs for increasing or decreasing industrial capacity.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and α-Amylase Inhibitory Potential of Melilotus indicus Ethanolic Extract: An In Vitro and In Silico Study
Authors: Al.Fadal Sabaa , Abdul-jabar Rafeef
Published: August 2024

Building upon the long history of plants as natural remedies, this study investigated the presence and content of flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, in an ethanolic extract of Melilotus indicus. The antioxidant activity of the extract was also evaluated. The Melilotus genus is renowned for its diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic effects. As anticipated, flavonoids were the primary phenolic constituents identified in M. indicus. The extract exhibited a flavonoid content of 0.49 mg/g ± 3.818 and demonstrated comparable antioxidant activity (IC50 = 1.6 mg/mL) to vitamin C (IC50 = 0.01 mg/mL). A docking study revealed promising binding scores for chlorogenic acid and kaempferol (-6.09196091 and -5.45953274 kcal/mol, respectively) compared to the acarbose drug (-8.8864727 kcal/mol). These findings suggest that M. indicus may be a valuable source of natural antioxidants with potential health benefits.
Analyzing competencies in creating and using educational videos in students of different educational programs
Authors: Chusavitina G. N. , Zerkina N. N. , Kagarmanova L. A.
Published: August 2024

In modern science, it is generally accepted that the video format is more effective than other forms of presentation. Video content for educational purposes corresponds to human physiology, is on­trend and pedagogically proven. The authors analyze the scientific literature and personal professional experience of teachers and educational resources developers, and conclude that it is necessary to form competencies in the sphere of video content creation and application in university students of different educational programs, and present a model of these competencies. To obtain a comprehensive and up­to­date point of view regarding the formation of university students’ competencies in the sphere of application and creation of educational video content and their experience in developing educational videos, a project was initiated in which students created an educational video and then filled out a questionnaire where they evaluated not only the features of video content in education but also their personal experience of video creation and their competencies. The students’ questionnaires provide a rich material for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the formation of competencies that are necessary for creation of educational videos. The presented results may be of practical interest to teachers of educational organizations planning to create video content and apply it to improve the efficiency and quality of education, as well as to implement the formation of relevant competencies in students.
KEGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Subiyantoro Singgih , Mulyani Sri
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan Multimedia Interaktif dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Pada Siklus I siswa hanya diberikan media CD Interaktif, sementara pada Siklus II diberikan media tambahan berupa lagu dan video. Capaian dari penelitian ini diantaranya peningkatan persentase minat belajar siswa, dari 65% pada Pra Siklus, menjadi 76,7% pada akhir Siklus I, dan menjadi 86,7% pada akhir Siklus II. Peningkatan lainnya terjadi pada keaktifan siswa dan guru. Persentase keaktifan siswa mengalami peningkatan dari 72% pada Pra Siklus,  menjadi 82% pada Siklus I, dan menjadi  86% pada akhir Siklus II.  Sementara aktivitas guru meningkat dari 76% pada Pra Siklus,  menjadi 78% pada Siklus I, dan menjadi  85% pada akhir Siklus II.  Peningkatan ini tentu dikarenakan adanya perbaikan-perbaikan selama proses pembelajaran oleh guru dan kolaborator selama dua Siklus. Berdasarkan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan penggunaan multimedia interaktif secara tepat mampu meningkatkan minat belajar Bahasa Inggris.
KEEFEKTIFAN MEDIA ARTIKEL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS NASKAH PIDATO
Authors: Setyorini Nurul , Rizqiana Suci
Published: August 2024

Masalah penelitian ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan menulis. Tujuan umum penelitian  meningkatkan kemampuan menulis naskah pidato mengunakan media artikel. Metode penelitian deskriptif.  Bentuk  penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjeknya mahasiswa semester 1, Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Hasil penelitianpeningkatan rata-rata kemampuan kognitif dalam menulis naskah pidato yaitu:awal siklus rata-rata kelasnya 22, siklus I rata-rata kelasnya 29, dan siklus II rata-rata kelasnya 34. Dari hasil observasi rata-rata siswa telah menulisdengan benar. Pada prasiklus peningkatkan motivasi20,8 %, siklus I 70,90 %, dan siklus II 90,20 %. Dari hasil  obsevasi Padasiklus I dan siklus II terjadi peningkatan yang drastis yang disebabkan mahasiswa telahmampu menulis dengan latihan dan praktik.. Hasil pengamatan siklus I, dansiklus II, terjadi kenaikan rata-rata kelas pada setiap siklus. Penelitian tindakankelas ini  dengan media artikel dapat meningkatkankemampuan menulis naskah pidato.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN KEBIASAAN BELAJARMAHASISWA
Authors: Nugroho Panggih Wahyu
Published: August 2024

Proses pendidikan di berbagai jenjang pendidikan tidak terlepas dari proses belajar. Dunia pendidikan belajar merupakan hal yang sangat penting, karena menyangkut proses belajar dan membelajarkan. Dalam proses belajar perlu adanya latihan, semakin dilatih maka dapat diprediksikan hasilnya akan lebih baik. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang baik metode dan strategi belajar tidak hanya dilakukan sekali, akan tetapi dilakukan secara teratur dan berkesinambungan yang pada akhirnya akan menjadi suatu kebiasaan belajar. Oleh karena itu perlu disusun suatu instrument yang dapat mengukur kebiasaan belajar mahasiswa. Instrument tersebut diharapkan dapat mendeteksi permasalahan-permasalahan mahasiswa terkait dengan kebiasaan belajar mereka. Dengan masalah yang telah terdeteksi maka dosen pembimbing akademik dapat membantu permasalahan mahasiswa tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan instrumen kebiasaan belajar. Produk dari penelitian ini berupa  skala kebiasaan belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menghasilkan skala kebiasaan belajar mahasiswa. Perancangan produk dilakukan melalui 4 tahap yaitu penelitian awal, perencanaan, dan pengembangan produk awal, uji kelayakan dan revisi produk. Hasil penelitian  berupa alat ukur yang digunakan untuk melihat kebiasaan belajar siswa adalah alat ukur yang berisisi tentang merencanakan belajar, melaksanakan belajar, evaluasi hasil dan proses belajar dan kedisiplinan belajar. Instrumen ini terdiri dari 72 item yeng mewakili setiap indikator dari variable kebiasaan belajar.
MANAJEMEN METODE PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER BAGI ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Ita Efrida
Published: August 2024

Persoalan yang krusial diperbincangkan akhir-akhir ini adalah persoalan karakter. Karakter anak bangsa yang semakin hari semakin memprihatinkan dapat dilihat dari berbagai kasus yang terjadi antara lain perilaku remaja Indonesia yang gemar mencontek, kebiasaan bullying di sekolah, tidak disiplin, tawuran, pornoaksi, konsumsi minuman keras, penyalahgunaan narkoba, termasuk perilaku orang dewasa yang juga senang dengan konflik dan kekerasan, dan perilaku korupsi yang merajalela. Krisis karakter tersebut perlu disikapi secara serius oleh berbagai pihak, baik dari pemerintah, sekolah, keluarga maupun lingkungan masyarakat.
Pendidikan karakter akan sangat tepat jika diimplementasikan sejak dini, yaitu sejak anak belajar di lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) seperti Kelompok Bermain (KB), Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) atau Raudhatul Athfal (RA) dikarenakan masa ini adalah masa emas yang akan menentukan bagaimana seseorang di masa yang akan datang.Pendidikan karakter bagi anak usia dini dapat diterapkan melalui kegiatan pengembangan karakter. Pengembangan dalam hal ini adalah membesarkan potensi karakter yang sudah ada pada diri anak ke tingkat yang lebih tinggi karena pada diri anak usia dini sudah terdapat potensi karakter. Pengembangan anak harus diterapkan secara sistematis dan berkelanjutan dengan mengaplikasikan manajemen metode pengembangan karakter yang tepat.Karena dengan proses manajemen antara lainmelalui tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan dan tahap evaluasi dapat diketahui keefektifan dari metode-metode tersebut.
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha dan Titik Impas Agroindustri Tape Singkong
Authors: Setiawan Imam , Arifin Samsul
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the cost, revenue, and income, determine the R/C value and break-even point of the cassava tape agro-industry business in Gandamekar Village, Kadungora District, Garut Regency. The research using the census method. The number of cassava tape craftsmen is 12 people. The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively and carried out in one production process. The results showed that: The cost of the cassava tape agroindustry in Gandamekar Village in one production process averaged IDR. 440,313.83 and the average revenue was Rp. 628,333.33 so that the average income earned by the artisans was Rp. IDR. 188,035.35 in one production process. The R/C value of the cassava tape agro-industry business in Gandamekar Village is R/C ratio = 1.42 for every cost incurred of IDR 1, you will get a profit of IDR 0.42. (3) The break-even point for the cassava tape agroindustry  revenue point is IDR. 10,421.06, the price break-even point is IDR.5,857.36 and the average production volume break-even point is 52.67 kg.