bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kemampuan Strategis Matematis Siswa Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kuantum
Authors: Kurnadi Kurnadi , Safitri Prahesti Tirta
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menelaah peningkatan kemampuan kompetensi strategis matematis antara siswa yang memperoleh model pembelajaran kuantum, dengan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kuasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 10 Tangerang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih sebanyak 2 kelas dari kelas VII. Kelas eksperimen memperoleh pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran kuantum, dan kelas kontrol memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen penelitian meliputi tes kemampuan kompetensi strategis matematis. Pengolahan data peningkatan kemampuan kompetensi strategis matematis menggunakan uji-t dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah peningkatan kemampuan kompetensi strategis matematis siswa yang memperoleh model pembelajaran kuantum lebih baik daripada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional.
Menyeimbangkan Fungsi Otak Melalui Teknik Kreasi Lagu dalam Pencapaian Pemahaman Matematis Siswa SMP
Authors: Ramlah Ramlah , Hanifah Hanifah
Published: October 2021

Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika sekolah adalah menguasai kemampuan pemahaman matematis.Tetapi, faktanya kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa masih tergolong rendah.Dengan demikian, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah keefektifan TKL dengan menyeimbangkan fungsi otak kiri dan kanan  terhadap pencapaian kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa. Serta tingkat kepuasaan siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika menggunakan TKL. Penelitian dengan pendekatan perbedaan ganda, desain grup non-ekivalen kepercobaan-kuasi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP N kelas VII di Kecamatan Karawang Barat, dengan sampel sebanyak 30 siswa untuk masing-masing grup ( pembelajaran TKL) dan kelompok kontrol (pembelajaran langsung). Teknik analisis data menggunakan SPSS Versi 17. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa pencapaian kemampuan Pemahaman Matematis siswa yang memperoleh TKL dengan menyeimbangkan fungsi otak kiri dan kanan lebih baik daripada siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran langsung. Dan respon yang sangat baik  tehadap pembelajaran TKL. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Teknik kreasi lagu dengan menyeimbangkan fungsi oatak, efektif dalam pencapaian kemampuan pemahaman matematis siswa.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMP Kelas IX Pada Materi Bangun Datar
Authors: Bernard Martin , Nurmala Nuni , Mariam Shinta , Rustyani Nadila
Published: October 2021

Pemecahan masalah diartikan sebagai metode pembelajaran yang dapat mengasah kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan suatu persoalan. Dalam proses penyelesaian soal dan pembelajaran, siswa menggunakan pengetahuan prasyarat yang didapatkan. Metode pemecahan masalah seperti yang dikatakan polya ada 4 langkah fase penyelesaian masalah, yaitu : (1) memahami masalah (2) menyusun rencana penyelesaian (3) melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian (4) memeriksa kembali hasil pengerjaannya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa SMP kelas IX pada materi bangun datar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan populasi seluruh siswa kelas IX SMPN 1 Cihampelas dan Subjek penelitian adalah Kelas IX A dan tempat penelitian dilaksanakan di SMPN 1 Cihampelas. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan siswa pada indikator 3 dan 4 masih tergolong rendah pada materi bangun datar. Data didapat dengan cara memberikan soal tes pemecahan masalah dengan tahapan memberikan soal tes, siswa mengisi soal tes dan memeriksa hasil tes.
Promoting Pupils’ Achievement Towards Effective Cloud Computing in Mathematics Education: A Case of Using Virtual Magic Board for Teaching Surface Area
Authors: Ngozi Ukeagbu Merry , Unamba Eugene Chukwuemeka
Published: October 2021

The study investigated pupil’s achievement using virtual magic board manipulative in surface area. The quasi-experimental research approach of the pre-test-post-test non-equivalent control group design was adopted. Based on the objectives, two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The population comprises all primary six (6) pupils in all the private schools in Owerri Municipal Council of Imo state. A sample size of one hundred and sixty-four (164) pupils participated in the study using simple random sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection is researchers made Mathematics achievement test (MAT) that was validated by two expert’s judges from mathematics education and measurement and evaluation departments. The reliability of the instrument was determined using the Pearson Product Moment correlation method which yielded a value of 0.83. The data generated were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, t-test, and ANCOVA. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The results show that virtual magic board enhances primary school pupil’s achievement in a surface area and the enhancement does not significantly depend on gender. Based on the findings it is recommended that workshops and seminars should be organized for mathematics teachers on the virtual magic board.
Application of Logistic Differential Equation to Investigate The Extent of Emphasizing Stimulus Variation in Mathematics Instruction
Authors: Obasi Chinedu
Published: October 2021

The knowledge and skills in mathematics processes can be provided in an effective and systematic manner only by teaching mathematics in schools. Stimulus variation as a teaching skill is used to stimulate students’ interest and attract their attention to the lesson presentation.  Therefore, this study investigated the extent of emphasizing stimulus variation in mathematics instruction using logistic differential equation. The study adopted a developmental survey design where a cross-section of in-service mathematics teachers in Imo State numbering 94 were continuously observed and surveyed to decipher their extent of emphasizing stimulus variation in the classroom to promote teaching excellence. The observations were carried out for 14 days and the data were generated based on direct observational technique (using observation schedule). The result revealed inadequate and inconsistent emphasis of stimulus variation teaching skill in mathematics instruction. This implies that pre-service mathematics teachers seldom emphasize stimulus variation when teaching mathematics. It was recommended that mathematics teachers should always employ the skill of stimulus variation in class during instructional delivery so as to enhance students’ learning experience and satisfaction thereby promoting teaching excellence. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/rthj2
Pembelajaran Pemodelan Realistik dengan Fungsi Kuadratik Dua Variabel
Authors: Parhusip Hanna Arini
Published: October 2021

dalam melakukan optimasi produksi kedelai Jawa Tengah tahun 2000-2015.Siswa pada umumnya mengenal fungsi kuadratik satu variabel dimana parameter telah diketahui. Sedangkan novelty pada penelitian ini ditunjukkan bagaimana siswa mengenal langsung cara menyusun fungsi kuadratik multivariabel dan parameter fungsi harus dicari berdasarkan data. Proses dimulai dengan memberikan bentuk umum fungsi kuadratik dan kendala yang mungkin terjadi sebagai batasan. Demikian pula penyusunan fungsi Lagrange dijelaskan untuk memberikan penjelasan kepada pembaca cara memproses optimasi secara manual. Data merupakan luas panen,  luas produksi dan produktivitas kedelai pada periode 1, periode 2, periode 3 penanaman sepanjang tahun 2000-2015. Dengan menggunakan pengetahuan menyusun turunan dari fungsi Lagrange yang dibentuk dimana turunan harus nol pada solusi kritis, maka proses pencarian solusi optimal dapat dilakukan.
Reduksi Hambatan Belajar melalui Desain Didaktis Konsep Transformasi Geometri
Authors: Haqq Arif Abdul , Nur'azizah Nur'azizah , Toheri Toheri
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan suatu alternatif desain pembelajaran konsep transformasi geometri. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK Wahidin Kota Cirebon kelas XI AP 1 terhadap 32 siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Didactical Design Research. Hasil penelitian ini adalah suatu desain didaktis alternatif yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) pada konsep transformasi geometri.
Конические решетки в устройствах для обеззараживающей обработки зерна
Authors: Максименко Владимир Андреевич
Published: October 2021

Исходя из ранее выявленной эффективности применения комбинированных обеззараживающих воздействий для обработки семян зерновых культур предложено их выполнение в одном устройстве. Выполнен анализ возможных конструктивных вариантов установок для обеззараживания зерна на основе обработок низкочастотными магнитными полями или электромагнитными полями сверхвысокой частоты в сочетании с воздействием конвективного тепла, по результатам которого сделан выбор в пользу разработки устройства для этапа обработки зерна обеззараживающими газовыми агентами, оснащенного коническими решетками, с разработкой его технологической схемы.

Обоснована конструктивно-технологическая схема установки комбинированного обеззараживания семян зерновых культур и разработана методика определения параметров ее элементов и режимов функционирования.

Рассмотрены условия рационального соотношения газового и зернового потоков в устройстве и предложены основные математические выражения для определения их расходов. Считая определяющим расход потока зерна в зоне электрофизического воздействия по предложенным выражениям могут определяться основные размеры конических решеток и их расположение относительно друг друга, а также время пребывания зерна под воздействием обеззараживающего газового потока. На основе предложенных выражений возможно также решение обратных задач – подбора параметров потоков для рационального использования имеющихся размеров решеток.

Представленные зависимости и методические рекомендации могут применяться при проектировании оборудования для комбинированного электрофизического обеззараживания зерна с использованием конических решеток.
Оптимизация технологии получения вкусоароматического препарата из сливочного сыра
Authors: Борисова Анна Викторовна , Чалдаев Павел Александрович
Published: October 2021

Актуальность исследования и наличие пробелов в существующем знании на тему: Ферментно-модифицированный сыр (ФМС) широко применяют в молочной промышленности для производства ускоренно созревающего сыра, аналогов сыра и сырных продуктов, снековой продукции и др. При получении ФМС важно получить аромат соответствующего сыра. Аромат ФМС образуется целой группой веществ, включающих альдегиды, кетоны, летучие жирные кислоты, аминокислоты, лактаты и проч. На образование этих вкусоароматических компонентов влияют условия и глубина процесса ферментации. В данной работе проведена математическая оптимизация технологии получения ферментно-модифицированного сыра со сливочным ароматом. Планирование и анализ результатов эксперимента осуществляли с помощью системы статистического анализа – Statistica 10.0. В качестве плана эксперимента выбран трехуровневый полный факторный эксперимент, позволяющий оценить совместное влияние нескольких факторов при минимальном числе опытов. В качестве факторов, способных повлиять на качество сырного ароматизатора, выбраны дозировка ферментного препарата (0,2-1,0%), рН (4,5-6,5), температура (28-48 ºС) и продолжительность процесса ферментации (24-72 ч). Откликом служила органолептическая оценка получаемых в ходе эксперимента проб сырного ароматизатора, выраженная в баллах. Результаты и их обсуждение: В результате обработки экспериментальных данных получена математическая зависимость интенсивности запаха сырного ароматизатора (Y) от температуры (X1), рН среды (X2), продолжительности ферментации (X3) и дозировки фермента (X4). Получены графические интерпретации зависимости органолептической оценки от условий ферментации, профили предсказанных значений и функция желательности. С достаточной долей уверенности можно утверждать, что наиболее оптимальными параметрами процесса ферментации, позволяющими получить сырный ароматизатор наилучшего качества, являются следующие значения: температура ферментации – 48°С, рН – на уровне 4,5, продолжительность ферментации – 48 часов, дозировка фермента – 1 %.
Ингибирование липолитической активности в модельных пищевых системах
Authors: Лаврухин Михаил Александрович , Руденко Оксана Сергеевна , Кондратьев Николай Борисович , Баженова Алла Евгеньевна , Осипов Максим Владимирович
Published: October 2021

Липолитическая порча пищевых изделий часто становится причиной брака готовых кондитерских изделий. Это связано с несколькими основными факторами - использованием глазурей с заменителями масла какао лауринового типа и требованиями к пищевой продукции по увеличению сроков годности. При использовании заменителей масла какао лауринового типа может возникать органолептическая порча в процессе хранения кондитерских изделий, которая выражается в возникновении постороннего запаха, мыльного привкуса, прогорклого вкуса и т.д. Данные явления обусловлены гидролитическими процессами разложения жира, входящего в состав глазированных кондитерских изделий, под воздействием липолитических ферментов. Такие ферменты (КФ 3.1.1.3) обладают субстратной специфичностью по отношению к жирам. Целью работы было исследование возможных путей ингибирования липазы в модельных пищевых системах. Изучено влияние широко используемых в пищевой промышленности органических кислот, студнеобразователей и ионов металлов на липолитическую активность в модельных пищевых системах. Изменение активности липазы из поджелудочной железы свиньи в модельных образцах определяли методом, основанным на окислении индоксилацетата. Подтверждено, что при концентрации лимонной кислоты 0,5 моль/л и более происходит практически полное ингибирование липолитической активности. При использовании концентрации лимонной кислоты 0,15 моль/л выявлено подавление липолитической активности на 10% относительно контрольного образца. Установлено, что агар-агар, а также ионы кальция значительным образом увеличивают липолитическую активность. Полученные результаты способствуют разработке рецептур глазированных кондитерских изделий, содержащих жиры лауринового типа, с пониженным риском липолитической порчи и увеличенным сроком годности.
Использование информационных технологий для оптимального проектирования экструзионной техники при обработке семян рапса
Authors: Токарева Марина Афанасьевна
Published: October 2021

Описано преимущество использования экструзии для технологического процесса получения рапсового масла и жмыха с учетом требований к качеству. Приведена математическая модель процесса экструдирования с оттоком жидкой фазы.Представлены теоретические и практические исследования шнеков экструдера с различными геометрическими размерами. Приведенные результаты исследования проб образцов полученного нерафинированного рапсового масла показывают возможность его использования как качественного сырья для производства биодизельного топлива. С другой стороны, включение в рацион кормления сельскохозяйственных животных экструдированного рапса позволяет решить проблему низкой продуктивности сельскохозяйственных животных из-за  неполноценного кормления по белку и аминокислотам, так как жмых является эффективным источником энергии, аминокислот и минеральных веществ. Таким образом, экструзия является фактически идеальным безотходным технологическим процессом. Представлены результаты вычислительного эксперимента для получения технико-экономических параметров процесса экструдирования по определенным значениям конструктивных, геометрических и реологических параметров малогабаритного пресс-экструдера ПЭШ-30/4. Описан процесс оптимизации шнека экструдера по методу рабочих характеристик. На основании построенных зависимостей мощности от производительности и относительной производительности по маслу от производительности экструдера, зависимости кпд от производительности построены оптимальные области при изменении шага, высоты и толщины лопастей шнека. Эти области позволили обоснованно выбрать геометрические размеры и диапазон скорости вращения шнека для обеспечения максимального КПД работы одношнекового экструдера с учетом требований к готовой продукции. Использование разработанного программного обеспечения позволяет рассчитывать технико-экономические параметры процесса и проводить оптимизацию рабочих органов экструдера в целях повышения эффективности технологического оборудования.
Phase Noise Characterization in Phase-Sensitive OTDR Systems
Authors: Adeel Muhammad , Iqbal Saeed , Muaz Muhammad , Raza Aadil
Published: October 2021

Coherent detected phase-OTDR (CDPO) systems are mainly used in distributed vibration sensing and these systems are preferred over the direct detected phase-OTDR (DDPO) systems due to their inherent property of mitigating a certain type of phase noise. There is a possibility that the existing non-mitigated phase noise can be controlled in CDPO systems only after properly investigating the characteristics of both the CDPO mitigated and CDPO-non-mitigated noise types. Hence, the first and crucial step, i.e, the characteristics of two different phase noise types are determined in this paper. This determination will help in providing ease about finding the real sources of both of the phase noise types and hence can help in mitigating the existing phase noise further.
On the Topology of Nonlocal Field Theories of Material Continua
Authors: Mikki Said
Published: October 2021

A fairly general and unified approach to nonlocality in material continua is introduced here. This work aims at proposing new mathematical and conceptual foundations for the emerging topic of nonlocal metamaterials suitable for physicists, engineers, mathematicians, and materials scientists. The text develops an original rigorous theory, a detailed example involving nonlocal semiconductor metamaterials, and extensive literature review and discussion of possible applications of nonlocal metamaterials.
Statistical Evaluation and Synthetic Generation of Ultra-Wideband Distance Measurements for Indoor Positioning Systems
Authors: Schwarzbach Paul , Weber Richard , Michler Oliver
Published: October 2021

Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) radios provide high-precision distance measurements, however are still prone to ranging errors due to the environment. For localization system design and testing, this leads to cost-intense field trials in which localization methods are validated. As an alternative, publicly available UWB datasets exist, which however are also limited to only certain environmental conditions. In order to provide a more general evaluation basis, we present and discuss a procedure which allows the synthetic generation of UWB distance measurements with respect to theoretical error sources and parameterization based on a conducted measurement campaign. This contribution builds an understanding of commonly present errors for wireless distance measurements and their effects on ranging residual distributions in the distance domain. In addition, we discuss the influences of non-line-of-sight and multipath conditions. Based on this work, distance measurements with respect to the multipath richness of the propagation environment can be generated, helping to flexibly evaluate positioning methods for various emerging applications for telematics systems in the consumer, industrial, or transportation sector. These application fields are ranging from unmanned aerial vehicles, in-house parking systems, and intelligent freight wagons to connected aircraft cabins.
Lamination Curing Method for Inkjet Printed Flexible Angle Sensors
Authors: Türkmen Dila , Acer Kalafat Merve
Published: October 2021

In this paper we present the lamination curing as a stand-alone method to activate the silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) inkjet printed angle sensors on a 0.14 mm PET substrate, with a desktop printer. (With the term “lamination curing”, we refer passing the printed sample through a lamination machine, without any actual laminating purpose, only for curing.) We compared the method with the oven curing, which is the widest used method for the intended sensors, and found that lamination cured sensors give lower sheet resistance, lower fabrication uncertainty and more consistent angle sensing behaviors with higher sensing performance. Different curing parameters are inspected and a process under 3 minutes is achieved giving a 0.06 Ohm/square sheet resistance. For such a low sheet resistance, presented method has the lowest thermal curing time among all single layer Ag NP printing studies in the literature. An experimental model is presented for the sheet resistance - aspect ratio relation for both methods. Time dependent resistance shifts of the lamination cured sensors are also inspected and proved to be insignificant. We state lamination curing as an advantageous and reliable alternative to oven curing and other fast curing methods both for sensor and circuitry printing implementations.
Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e İntikal Eden Aydın Mirasına Bir İtiraz Denemesi: Şevket Süreyya Aydemir Örneği
Authors: ÇELİK Fikret , ŞAHBAZ Yunus
Published: October 2021

Bir aktör ve fenomen olarak Türk aydını Osmanlı’nın Batılılaşma sürecinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Osmanlı’daki Batılılaşma çabalarının en önemli amacı da hiç şüphesiz devleti kurtarmaktır. Devleti kurtarmak misyonu Batılılaşma sürecinin bir ürünü olan Türk aydınının en önemli fikrî ve siyasî gündemi olmuştur. Kendine biçtiği bu misyon yüzünden Türk aydını idealist ve fakat fikrî yönden zayıf bir profil çizmiştir. Türk aydını devletin modernleşme ve batılılaşma sürecindeki temel sorunlarına etraflı programlar üretmek yerine daha çok günlük ve kısa vadeli çözüm arayışında olmuştur. Bu misyon ve idealin şekillendirdiği fikrî ve siyasî bir ortamda politik bilinçlenmesini yaşayan Şevket Süreyya Aydemir de fikrî ve siyasî çizgisiyle bu trendin müşahhas bir örneğidir. Ancak Aydemir Cumhuriyet’in ilanından sonra, Türk aydının fikrî ve programatik yönden zayıflığının farkına varan ve buna itiraz edilmesi gerektiğini söyleyen bir aydındır. Bu yazıda Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e intikal eden bu aydın mirası içerisinde Şevket Süreyya Aydemir’in konumu ve bu mirasa ilişkin itirazları ele alınacaktır.
Análisis de vibraciones de un rodamiento rígido de bolas NSK 6302 mediante el Modelo de vibración CUE-03777 del laboratorio de Mantenimiento del ISTA
Authors: Eduardo Narváez Buestán Freddy , Emanuel Ojeda Ojeda Oscar , Criollo Ríos Adrián
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este proyecto es realizar la investigación del análisis de vibraciones en un rodamiento rígido de bolas (NSK 6302). El análisis de vibraciones, la termografía, el análisis de lubricantes, entre otras son parámetros de mantenimiento predictivo que permiten detectar las causas de posibles fallos, anticipándose a la avería de un elemento, conjunto o maquina en general. Además, se pretende generar una gráfica real de una máquina herramienta – Fresadora Universal CUE-03338, generada desde una parte que presenta mayor importancia al momento de realizar un mantenimiento preventivo como lo es el husillo.

 

La detección consiste en encontrar un problema en la maquinaria, para ello es imprescindible un seguimiento constante del nivel de vibraciones de la misma, los intervalos de mediciones pueden variar entre varios meses del año a una medición continua, según la importancia del proceso. La medición de vibraciones se realiza en puntos estratégicos y son aquellos lugares donde se alojan rodamientos, ventiladores, piñones, etc., en los puntos de medición se recabarán valores de velocidad, aceleración, desplazamiento en función de las características del banco de pruebas.
Calígula e seu império do nada
Authors: Mira Toledo Sandro
Published: October 2021

Este artigo é uma análise estética de como o absurdo é apresentado na dramaturgia Calígula de Albert Camus. Examino aqui como o autor franco-argelino discute esse tema numa composição artística e como suas teses filosóficas se articulam na estrutura de uma peça de teatro. O fio condutor da análise é o problema da negação, um problema que ocupou o filósofo-artista por todo o seu primeiro ciclo de obras e que encontra em Calígula a sua expressão mais significativa. Também apresento neste artigo algumas considerações a respeito dos recursos literários e dramáticos presentes na peça de Camus, elementos que a fazem se distanciar do típico Teatro do Absurdo.
Classification of the Asian non-marine Cretaceous System
Authors: Fuxiang Guo
Published: October 2021

The Asian non-marine Cretaceous System may be divided into two geographical provinces: a southern one, dominated by elastic red salt-bearing formations, and a northern one, dominated by elastic grey, yellowish green and black formations containing coal (kukersit). Vertically, on the basis of three trigonioi­dacean assemblages (bivalves), the System may be subdivided into Lower, Middle and Upper Cretaceous, three provincial series exhibiting this tripartite character. 4 zones and 6 subzones of the known trigonioi­daceans are tentatively presented.
The so-called Turonian-Coniacian boundary in Japan
Authors: Matsumoto Tatsuro
Published: October 2021

The Mikasa area of central Hokkaido provides a series of reference sections of an Upper Turonian and Coniacian mega-fossil sequence. There are four places within the area where continuous outcrops are visible and these are described in detail. There is considerable variation in the mode of occurrence of ammonite and inoceramid species from place to place, probably as a result of changes in environmental . conditions. A revised scheme of zonation is established for the Upper Turonian and the Coniacian in the Japanese province, as shown in Table 1. The boundary between the stages is tentatively drawn between the Zone of lnoceramus teshioensis-Mytiloides incertus-Subprionocyclus neptunibelow and the Zone of Inoceramus rotundatus-Forresteria (Reesideoceras) petrocoriensis above, and is very probably equivalent to the Turonian/Coniaccian stage boundary in the European standard sequence. Some species in the zonal assemblages recognized are useful for tracing the boundary into other regions.
Hunger improves reinforcement-driven but not planned action
Authors: van Swieten Maaike M.H. , Bogacz Rafal , Manohar Sanjay G.
Published: October 2021

Human decisions can be reflexive or planned, being governed respectively by model-free and model-based learning systems. These two systems might differ in their responsiveness to our needs. Hunger drives us to specifically seek food rewards, but here we ask whether it might have more general effects on these two decision systems. On one hand, the model-based system is often considered flexible and context-sensitive, and might therefore be modulated by metabolic needs. On the other hand, the model-free system’s primitive reinforcement mechanisms may have closer ties to biological drives. Here, we tested participants on a well-established two-stage sequential decision-making task that dissociates the contribution of model-based and model-free control. Hunger enhanced overall performance by increasing model-free control, without affecting model-based control. These results demonstrate a generalized effect of hunger on decision-making that enhances reliance on primitive reinforcement learning, which in some situations translates into adaptive benefits.
Responsabilidade do produtor e do vendedor por produtos defeituosos no direito português
Authors: Mello Alberto Sá
Published: October 2021

Este estudo centra-se na análise de um único diploma legal, o que versa, em Portugal, a responsabilidade do produtor e do distribuidor por produtos defeituosos colocados no mercado. Verifica-se que esta responsabilidade é, sobretudo, ditada pela necessidade de salvaguardar a saúde e segurança dos consumidores e pela responsabilização dos empresários que retiram vantagens da comercialização dos seus produtos pelos danos que esses produtos, quando defeituosos, causem. Cuida-se, também, de determinar em que medida o concurso do consumidor para os danos causados pelo produto pode excluir ou reduzir a responsabilidade do empresário produtor.
Descumprimento do dever de fidelidade recíproca e o julgamento do AgInt no AREsp 1673702/SP: conclusão da humilhação como isolada e extra causa configuradora do dano imaterial
Authors: Almeida Felipe Cunha
Published: October 2021

Estes comentários analisaram julgamento proferido pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça que ligou a existência da humilhação como critério para a condenação por danos imateriais em decorrência da violação ao dever de fidelidade recíproca.
A base sólida do direito médico construída após três décadas de lições do Prof. Miguel Kfouri Neto
Authors: Nogaroli Rafaella
Published: October 2021

Em setembro de 2021, o livro “Responsabilidade Civil do Médico” completa quase três décadas – mais precisamente, 27 anos –, desde seu lançamento pela editora Revista dos Tribunais, em 1994. Fruto da dissertação de Mestrado em Direito desenvolvida sob orientação do professor João Batista Lopes, na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Miguel Kfouri Neto oferece uma obra com importantes matizes, apta a subsidiar, com proficiência, os inúmeros debates relacionados ao referido tema. Com aceitação plena, por parte da comunidade jurídica e médica – haja vista a celeridade com que os exemplares se esgotaram, ao longo desses anos – esta nova edição, a décima primeira, assim como as demais que a precederam, foi revista e ampliada.
The acute problems of foreign direct investment and Western European integration: some cyclical factors
Authors: Tatuzov Viktor
Published: October 2021

This article examines some current problems of EU and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Also this article generalize and illustrate in new way long waves hypothesis. The author suggests a non-customary approach to the study and forecasting of the economic life within the framework of Kondratieff approaches. Cyclical patterns were successfully used by the author in the business and in the banking sphere. Taking into account long waves, in 2009 the author warned about the possible economic crises in Russia in 2014-2015, 2020 and such crises actually happened. The aim of this article is the systematization and the adaptation of long waves approaches to the study of many acute economic problems. The hypothesis of long waves was used by the author but only as a general empirical reference point. It touches on many actual problems of world development, including the decrease of global FDI and the growth of centrifugal forces in the EU. The question is raised about the large-scale spread of coronavirus. The rapid spread of COVID-19 could have been connected with high global instability in addition to other well-known factors. Taking into account Kondratieff’s waves and many years of the author’s experience in the Russian business and in the Russian banking sphere, the author touches on a long unfavorable period of economic instability in Russian economy. Some economic advices to regulators and business in Russia are provided. Also the author concludes that it is necessary to continue studying the Kondratieff long wave hypothesis with the aim of its further successful use in forecasting.
Scientific-technological progress and the advantages of socialism: the evolution of Soviet economic thought
Authors: Maslov Gleb
Published: October 2021

The article examines the development of Soviet economists' views on the scientific-technological progress consequences, the advantages of socialism associated with it, as well as the prospects for building the material-technical basis of communism. The author identifies four stages in the evolution of approaches to these problems. At the first stage, prior to the XXII CPSU Congress in 1961, as the scientific-technical revolution took shape, the emerging ideas had not yet been formalized into a single theoretical system. At the second stage, which took place in the first years after the XXII Congress, the key points were established and developed into widely recognized conceptions. Special attention was paid to automation, chemicalization, development of new types of energy. In the late 1960s - early 1980s maintaining the previous theoretical foundations, more attention was paid to local aspects. At the final stage, with the beginning of perestroika, a number of key provisions were revised. These included recognition of a greater importance of the second industrial revolution, highlighting the leap in the development of microelectronics in the 1970s (later called the information revolution), etc. Changes in research approaches at different stages are associated with economic practice, successes and difficulties in introducing elements of the scientific-technological revolution into production.
A question about the existence of Russian economic thought
Authors: Smirnov Igor
Published: October 2021

The article investigates Russian economic thought, the existence of which in modern domestic literature remains debatable. The author presents arguments of both sides in this dispute and argues that it is possible to view Russian economic thought of the late XIX - early XX century as an independent thought school in broad sense unified not so much by common creative principles as by specific scientific methods. Drawing on interdisciplinary approach, the article presents a comparative analysis of methodological and worldview characteristics of Russian school and Germany historical school. Of the determinants of Russian economic thought the author identifies two systemic elements-syncretism and philosophical orientation that embed it in the overall cultural context of the Silver Age.
Muntjaks (Muntiacus reevesi) in Schleswig-Holstein – Beginn einer Invasion, erfolgreiche Bekämpfung oder beides ein bisschen?
Authors: Schulz Björn , Borkenhagen Peter
Published: October 2021

In Schleswig-Holstein treten seit 2015 immer wieder Individuen der als invasiv eingestuften Chinesischen Muntjaks auf. Das Geschehen um die mutmaßlich il- legal freigelassene Population bei Kosel im Kreis
Rendsburg-Eckernförde konn- te von den Autoren intensiver begleitet werden. Sie beschreiben die möglichen Hintergründe einer Freilassung, den Verbleib der Tiere, dabei bisher eingesetzte Fangmethoden und
vorstellbare weitere Methoden sowie die potenziellen ökolo- gischen Auswirkungen von Muntjaks und die rechtlichen Hintergründe.
Retrospective Review of Blue Code Calls in Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital
Authors: EBEM Emre , SİLAY Emin , ATABEY Cevdet Gökmen
Published: October 2021

Objective: Blue code is a colorful code application that effectively and quickly intervenes in hospital cardiac arrest cases. The aim of our study was to retrospectively examine blue code management and blue code registration forms in our hospital.

Material and Method: After receiving approval from the ethics committee of Kayseri City Hospital, the data of 160 patients who were called for blue code between October 2019 and December 2019 were retrospectively examined. Data of the intervention process was analyzed with the SPSS 22 package program.

Results: In 91 of them (56.9%), in-hours work time crews, transportation time to the scene was determined as 1 minute and 48 seconds on average. 69 (43.2%) of the blue code calls were found to be out of-hours work time and teams transportation time to the scene averaged 2 minutes and 6 seconds.

Conclusion: Respect for human life, rules that must be followed legally, once again emphasizes the importance of the blue code system. Blue code teams should use indoor navigation systems to ensure that there are no transportation problems with the scene in large hospitals.
Trasladar, imitar e interpretar: la ‘Traducción y explicación del salmo 41’ de Fray Luis de León
Authors: GÓMEZ MARÍA MARTÍN
Published: October 2021

Según uno de los postulados más célebres de fray Luis de León todo proceso de traducción consta de dos momentos. En primer lugar está la traducción propiamente dicha que, como tal, debe ser fiel y ceñirse al original. Después, en un segundo momento, el traductor puede extenderse en comentar el texto y explicar tanto su propia traducción como el método utilizado. Aunque fray Luis sostuvo que él siempre prefirió la traducción literal, en nuestro estudio queremos probar que fray Luis no se atuvo tanto a la literalidad de los textos como él mismo declaró. Es más, nosotros añadimos un tercer momento, que identificamos con la imitación, que se produce cuando fray Luis traduce un texto y se aparta de él para hacerlo suyo. Para demostrar y verificar que fray Luis ejercitó estas tres formas de traducción, analizamos y examinamos su ‘Traducción y explicación’ en prosa del salmo 41.
The role of French private military companies in the security privatization sector
Authors: LUDVÍK Zdeněk
Published: October 2021

The realm of privatization of security and the consequent existence of private military companies is an important constitutive element of security with regard to international relations. This phenomenon is most strongly developed in the Anglo-Saxon world. However, in the case of the French Republic, we can observe significant developmental and functional disparities. This paper examines externalization processes in the context of the French approach to the legitimacy, legality and territoriality of the privatization of security functions of the state and explains the different causes of their development. It discusses the main aspects of externalization, defines the typical activities of French private military companies, describes their strengths and weaknesses and outlines the problems and possible solutions that lie before the French, which cannot be ignored in the future. Finally, this paper describes the most important French private military companies and their characteristics.
The Significance of Tu Gelu Traditional Medical Treatment: Sociological Case of the Lio People at Ngalukoja Village, Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Wula Zainur , Mboka Idris
Published: October 2021

This study aims to describe the meaning of
tu gelu
in the traditional medical treatment of Lio people in Ngalukoja Village, Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia.
Tu gelu
is a traditional healing method carried out by the Lio people by exchanging items that symbolize cattle such as bulls or pigs, to heal a person who is sick from supernatural disturbances or from fever. This method is mediated by a shaman, who carries out several stages in the healing process. It includes
paga
(where the shaman measures his chest to his right hand using the span of his left hand) to know the cause of the sickness. This is a descriptive qualitative research with the phenomenological paradigm. It uses the snowball technique to acquire information from informants. It uses symbolic interactionism and semiotics to analyze the research objects. The results show that from the symbolic interactionism analysis, material symbols are exchanged with the patient’s health. The semiotic theory shows that the figures serve as icons; kitchen ash, chicken feather, and spells serve as indexes; finally, the items prepared as the offerings to the genie serve as symbols. The Ngalukoja villagers of East Nusa Tenggara believe that using the tu gelu healing method that contains various signs, the patient will fully revive from the illness.
High STAT5A Expression is Associated with Major Molecular Response Achievement Failure of Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Receiving Hydroxyurea before Imatinib: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Rinaldi Ikhwan , Putri Anastasia , Louisa Melva , Koesnoe Sukamto
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: STAT5 is a transcriptional factor which when highly expressed in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells stimulate proliferation and mediate resistance from tyrosine kinase inhibitors, resulting in major molecular response (MMR) failure. STAT5 has two isoforms, STAT5A and STAT5B. However, prolonged use of imatinib appears to only upregulate STAT5A pathway. In addition, the resistance conferred by STAT5A does not extend to other drugs such as hydroxyurea. Hence, STAT5A and STAT5B might have different functions in CML cells.

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the association of STAT5A and STAT5B expression with MMR failure in CML patients.

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of CML patients in chronic phase with age ≥ 18 years old, receiving IM therapy ≥ 12 months, and previously given hydroxyurea. MMR status was evaluated and patients were categorized as achieved or failed to achieve MMR. Expression levels of STAT5A and STAT5B were conducted using RT-PCR methods. Associations between STAT5A expression, STAT5B expression, hydroxyurea duration, and imatinib duration with MMR achievement were calculated using logistic regression.

RESULTS: A total of 118 patients were analyzed; 71.1% failed to achieve MMR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant association between high STAT5A expression (odds ratio [OR]: 3.852; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.420–10.452; p = 0.008), STAT5A/STAT5B interaction (OR: 0.150; 95% CI: 0.038–0.593; p = 0.007), longer hydroxyurea administration (OR: 3.882; 95% CI: 1.023–14.733; p = 0.046), and shorter imatinib administration (OR: 0.333; 95% CI: 0.132–0.840; p = 0.020) with MMR achievement failure. After adjusting STAT5A expression with STAT5A/STAT5B interaction, high STAT5A expression independently increased the likelihood of MMR achievement failure only in high expression STAT5B patients (OR: 3.852; 95% CI: 1.420–10.452; p = 0.008).

CONCLUSION: High STAT5A expression which is induced by high STAT5B is associated with MMR achievement failure of chronic phase CML patients who received hydroxyurea before imatinib. Longer duration of hydroxyurea and shorter duration of IM confound of STAT5A expression to MMR achievement failure.
Long-term Safety of Rituximab in Primary Sjögren Syndrome: The Experience of a Single Center
Authors: Berardicurti Onorina , Pavlych Viktoriya , Cola Ilenia Di , Ruscitti Piero , Di Benedetto Paola , Navarini Luca , Marino Annalisa , Cipriani Paola , Giacomelli Roberto
Published: October 2021

Objective

This work aims to evaluate the long-term safety of rituximab (RTX) in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and to determine the safety and the efficacy of long-term treatment with B cell depleting therapy in pSS patients with active systemic disease.

Methods

A historical cohort study, enrolling 35 patients with pSS treated with RTX between 2008 and 2019 in a single rheumatologic unit, was performed. When patients experienced adverse events, the treatment was suspended and patients’ data were recorded.

Results

The included patients were mainly female (91%), with a mean age of 54 years. During the time of observation, 13 patients (37.1%) suspended RTX treatment (10 cases per 100 patient-years, 95% CI 0.06–0.17). Baseline demographics, disease characteristics, European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) values, and treatment were comparable across RTX-suspended and nonsuspended groups. Patients exposed to RTX had been followed for 35.82 ± 32.56 months, and the time of observation varied from 6 to 96 months. All the patients except one experienced a significant and persisting meaningful improvement of their ESSDAI (≥ 3 points) during the long-term follow-up. For the duration of the follow-up, 13 (37%) patients discontinued RTX treatment. Four out of 13 (30.8%) discontinued the treatment after the first administration due to infusion-related reactions. During subsequent RTX courses, the main cause of withdrawal was hypogammaglobulinemia onset (7 patients). In 2 patients, hypogammaglobulinemia was associated with severe infections.

Conclusion

Long-term RTX administration was shown to be a safe, well tolerated, and effective treatment in patients with active systemic disease, significantly reducing ESSDAI and controlling disease activity.
Observer et mesurer la maltraitance infantile : complexité de la démarche et données disponibles
Authors: Oui Anne
Published: October 2021

L’observation chiffrée des violences faites aux enfants est indispensable en vue d’améliorer la connaissance d’un phénomène lourd de conséquences pour la santé du public concerné et le pilotage des politiques nationales et locales de prévention et de prise en charge des mineurs victimes. Une observation rigoureuse nécessite de dépasser des éléments de complexité relatifs notamment à la maltraitance infantile et de résoudre plusieurs problèmes de méthode : qualification des formes de violences, détermination de l’unité de compte pertinente, périmètre du public étudié, temporalité du décompte. L’élaboration récente de divers dispositifs de mesures, en statistique publique, en épidémiologie et dans le système d’observation de la protection de l’enfance permet de bénéficier de données fiables éclairant la maltraitance infantile sous plusieurs aspects.
La Critical Race Theory confrontée à Marx
Authors: Aubert Isabelle
Published: October 2021

La Critical Race Theory a dans un premier temps largement refusé la théorie de Marx en y voyant une théorie concurrente desservant le projet de lutte antiraciste. Changeant de perspective au tournant du xxi e  siècle, certains race-crits invitent à convoquer le concept de classe sociale et le modèle de critique des idéologies de Marx pour renforcer le potentiel analytique et critique des théories antiracistes. Cet article confronte la CRT des juristes et celle des philosophes à la pensée de Marx selon trois perspectives. Il retrace tout d’abord l’histoire des rapports complexes entre ces deux traditions de théories critiques ; sur un plan méthodologique, il dégage des rapprochements et prolongements théoriques possibles entre les théories critiques antiracistes et Marx ; et enfin il esquisse la manière dont l’ontologie marxiste est de plus en plus investie par certains race-crits en vue d’une justice raciale.
La genèse des droits de propriété des auteurs de cinéma : une comparaison transnationale du droit d’auteur et du copyright
Authors: Pacouret Jérôme
Published: October 2021

Le droit d’auteur français et le copyright américain définissent différemment les auteurs de cinéma et ne leur reconnaissent pas les mêmes droits. Cet article conteste les explications existantes de ces différences, qui les attribuent à des traditions juridiques nationales ou à des particularités des mondes du cinéma français et américain. Il explique la différenciation du droit de propriété cinématographique français et américain en examinant les relations entre le champ cinématographique, le sous-champ des experts de la propriété intellectuelle et les champs politique et bureaucratique. Il objective également plusieurs interdépendances entre les processus de définition du droit d’auteur et du copyright, qui tiennent au développement du droit international et aux concurrences dont il fait l’objet.
Les départements d’Outre-Mer face aux défis du vieillissement démographique et des migrations
Authors: Breton Didier , Condon Stéphanie , Marie Claude-Valentin , Temporal Franck
Published: October 2021

La population des quatre départements français d’Outre-Mer (DOM) est plus jeune que celle de la métropole : en 2006, 35 % des habitants de La Réunion avaient moins de 20 ans, 31 % en Guadeloupe, 29 % en Martinique et 45 % en Guyane, contre 25 % en métropole. Mais la population y vieillit paradoxalement plus vite sous les effets combinés de l’allongement de la durée de vie, la diminution des naissances et l‘émigration des jeunes actifs (hommes et femmes). D’ici 2030, on prévoit un doublement de la part des plus de 60 ans dans les trois îles. Le chômage et la précarité de nombreux actifs font craindre des conditions difficiles pour les futurs retraités qui risquent de ne pas pouvoir bénéficier autant qu’aujourd’hui de la solidarité familiale.