bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration of Design Sprint Method into Mobile Development Application Life Cycle to Create MobilePQI Application Prototype
Authors: Muzayyana Agustin Fenty Eka , Thahir Nuriyah , Farida Ade Rina , Mayastika Kania
Published: May 2024

This study aims to create a mobile-based learning application that can be used to support blended learning. Blended Learning is carried out synchronously, either online using Zoom or Google Meet, or offline in the classroom. asynchronous learning is implemented using MobilePQI Apps. MobilePQI Apps was developed using the Kotlin programming tool and  MADLC methodology (Mobile Application Development Life Cycle). MADLC consists of seven stages: Identification; Design; Development; Prototyping; Testing; Deployment; and Maintenance. We use design sprint method and figma to create design prototype, and Kotlin development kit. The testing method used heuristics evaluation which tests 10 usability principles. The number of questions asked was 115, with 5 respondents consisting of 3 students and 3 lecturers. The results of the heuristics evaluation score were 89% of respondents answered YES. That it can be concluded that the 10 usability  principles of the prototype was acceptable. The SUS results show a score of 74, which means the application's user interface is in the Good and acceptable category.
Comparing Outcomes Between Direct and ED Admissions for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Slemmer Ashleigh , Klamer Brett , Schmerge Christine , Lauden Stephanie , Texler Cara , Fennell Meghan , Lowing Dena , Leyenaar JoAnna K. , Bode Ryan S.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES

Pediatric direct admissions (DA) have multiple benefits including reduced emergency department (ED) volumes, greater patient and provider satisfaction, and decreased costs without compromising patient safety. We sought to compare resource utilization and outcomes between patients with a primary diagnosis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia directly admitted with those admitted from the ED.

METHODS

Single-center, retrospective study at a large, academic, free-standing children’s hospital (2017–2021). Patients were between 24 hours and 14 days old with a gestational age of ≥35 weeks, admitted with a primary diagnosis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Outcomes included length of stay (LOS), time to clinical care, resource utilization, NICU transfer, and 7-day readmission for phototherapy.

RESULTS

A total of 1098 patients were included, with 276 (25.1%) ED admissions and 822 (74.9%) DAs. DAs experienced a shorter median time to bilirubin level collection (1.9 vs 2.1 hours, P = .003), received less intravenous fluids (8.9% vs 51.4%, P < .001), had less bilirubin levels collected (median of 3.0 vs 4.0, P < .001), received phototherapy sooner (median of 0.8 vs 4.2 hours, P < .001), and had a shorter LOS (median of 21 vs 23 hours, P = .002). One patient who was directly admitted required transfer to the NICU. No differences were observed in the 7-day readmission rates for phototherapy.

CONCLUSIONS

Directly admitting patients for the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a preferred alternative to ED admission as our study demonstrated that DAs had a shorter time to clinical care, shorter LOS, and less unnecessary resource utilization with no difference in 7-day readmissions for phototherapy.
Infant Feeding for Persons Living With and at Risk for HIV in the United States: Clinical Report
Authors: Abuogi Lisa , Noble Lawrence , Smith Christiana ,   COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT HIV, Rakhmanina Natella Yurievna , Abuogi Lisa , Gillespie Susan , Neilan Anne , Olivero Rosemary , Rodriguez Carina A. , Rosebush Julia , Siberry George , Nesheim Steven , Kapogiannis Bill G. , Kourtis Athena P. , Stob Heather ,   SECTION ON BREASTFEEDING, Feldman-Winter Lori , Bunik Maya , Long Sahira , Richter Monica , Hannon Emily , Kellams Ann , Mass Sharon , Noble Lawrence , St. Fleur Rose , Stellwagen Lisa , Thomas Jennifer , Meek Joan Younger , Beskin Kera
Published: May 2024

Pediatricians and pediatric health care professionals caring for infants born to people living with and at risk for HIV infection are likely to be involved in providing guidance on recommended infant feeding practices. Care team members need to be aware of the HIV transmission risk from breastfeeding and the recommendations for feeding infants with perinatal HIV exposure in the United States. The risk of HIV transmission via breastfeeding from a parent with HIV who is receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) and is virally suppressed is estimated to be less than 1%. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that for people with HIV in the United States, avoidance of breastfeeding is the only infant feeding option with 0% risk of HIV transmission. However, people with HIV may express a desire to breastfeed, and pediatricians should be prepared to offer a family-centered, nonjudgmental, harm reduction approach to support people with HIV on ART with sustained viral suppression below 50 copies per mL who desire to breastfeed. Pediatric health care professionals who counsel people with HIV who are not on ART or who are on ART but without viral suppression should recommend against breastfeeding. Pediatric health care professionals should recommend HIV testing for all pregnant persons and HIV preexposure prophylaxis to pregnant or breastfeeding persons who test negative for HIV but are at high risk of HIV acquisition.
A Review of Personalised Cardiac Computational Modelling Using Electroanatomical Mapping Data
Authors: Jaffery Ovais A , Melki Lea , Slabaugh Gregory , Good Wilson W , Roney Caroline H
Published: May 2024

Computational models of cardiac electrophysiology have gradually matured during the past few decades and are now being personalised to provide patient-specific therapy guidance for improving suboptimal treatment outcomes. The predictive features of these personalised electrophysiology models hold the promise of providing optimal treatment planning, which is currently limited in the clinic owing to reliance on a population-based or average patient approach. The generation of a personalised electrophysiology model entails a sequence of steps for which a range of activation mapping, calibration methods and therapy simulation pipelines have been suggested. However, the optimal methods that can potentially constitute a clinically relevant in silico treatment are still being investigated and face limitations, such as uncertainty of electroanatomical data recordings, generation and calibration of models within clinical timelines and requirements to validate or benchmark the recovered tissue parameters. This paper is aimed at reporting techniques on the personalisation of cardiac computational models, with a focus on calibrating cardiac tissue conductivity based on electroanatomical mapping data.
Immunohistochemical and Clinicopathologic Correlation of DNA Methyltransferase 3A and (C-X-C motif) Ligand 1 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ahmed Basma Abdelrahman , Mohamed Mai Hafez
Published: May 2024

DNA methyl transferase 3A (DNMT3A) is an enzyme acting by adding a new methyl group to DNA favoring DNA silencing and carcinogenesis. Cytokines were said to assist epigenetic switch and enhance the activation of methyltransferases in many cancer types. The role of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) in cancer development was proved in many reports. In this study, we suggested that CXCL1 might induce activation of  DNMT3A, affecting carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemical (IHC) scoring was calculated and statistical correlation was performed to evaluate the expression of epithelial DNMT3A in addition to epithelial and mesenchymal CXCL1 in OSCC and normal mucosal samples. DNMT3A, epithelial, and mesenchymal CXCL1 revealed a statistically significant increase in immune scoring from normal mucosa and between different tumor grades, besides a significant relation of the expressions with tumor size, stage, and lymph node involvement. Pearson’s correlation detected a statistically significant correlation of DNMT3A with epithelial and mesenchymal CXCL1. Thus, CXCL1 overexpression may be associated with DNMT3A upregulation.  DNMT3A, epithelial, and mesenchymal CXCL1 were associated with histological grades and advanced tumor characters suggesting them as reliable prognostic biomarkers in patients of OSCC.
Organization of hyaluronic acid molecules in solutions
Authors: Horkay Ferenc , Basser Peter J.
Published: May 2024

The organization of hyaluronic acid (HA) solutions was investigated by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). It was demonstrated that HA formed clusters greater than several hundred nanometers. The SANS response revealed a weak correlation peak, corresponding to ordering over a distance scale of about 80 nm. At higher wave vectors, the SANS response indicated the presence of rod-like structures. Addition of calcium ions only weakly affects the structure of the HA solution, but significantly reduces its osmotic pressure. The osmotic component of the SANS response is in good agreement with the intensity obtained from direct osmotic pressure measurements. The results are consistent with the rigid structure of the HA molecule.

Graphical abstract
Assessment of pulmonary embolism probability using a machine learning model
Authors: Gavrilov D. V. , Andreichenko A. E. , Ermak A. D. , Kuznetsova T. Yu. , Gusev A. V.
Published: May 2024

Aim. To develop and validate a machine learning model designed to identify suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) based on various clinical features from electronic health records (EHRs) of out- and inpatients.

Material and methods. Data from 19730 patients from 7 Russian regions were taken for analysis. EHR data were analyzed for the period from March 21, 2007 to February 4, 2022. Complaints, clinical and laboratory data, and concomitant diseases were used as diagnostic signs. PE was diagnosed in 1379 patients. Diagnosis of PE was based on ICD-10 codes. Seven machine learning algorithms were applied to diagnose pulmonary embolism: XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, Logistic Regression, MLP Classifier, Random Forest Classifier, Gradient Boosting Classifier.

Results. The Gradient Boosting Classifier-based model was selected for further prospective testing with the sensitivity of 0,899 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0,864-0,932), specificity of 0,875 (95% CI, 0,863-0,86), area under the ROC curve of 0,952 (95% CI, 0,938-0,964). The following signs had the greatest prediction value: cough, respiratory disorders, blood creatinine, body temperature, general weakness, heart rate, respiratory rate, edema, antihypertensive therapy, saturation and age.

Conclusion. The model is designed for the initial encounter of patients with complaints and suspected PE, regardless of the type of care.
Predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure and Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Tarzimanova A. I. , Ponomareva L. A. , Sokolova E. E. , Chinova A. A. , Popova E. N. , Ponomarev A. B. , Loria I. Zh. , Vargina T. S. , Sizova Zh. M. , Ziskina N. K.
Published: May 2024

Aim. To identify predictors of cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with heart failure (HF) and P. aeruginosa pneumonia.

Material and methods. The study included 92 patients with HF with mildly reduced or reduced ejection fraction and nosocomial pneumonia. Based on sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage microbiological examination, patients were divided into 2 following groups: group I — 51 patients with HF and P. aeruginosa pneumonia, group II — 41 patients with HF and pneumonia caused by other pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae). During the hospital stay, the following morbidities were assessed: cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, non-fatal cerebrovascular accident, pulmonary embolism, lower extremity venous thrombosis.

Results. CVEs were significantly more often observed in patients with HF and P. aeruginosa pneumonia — 30 (58,8%) than in patients with HF and pneumonia caused by S. aureus or S. pneumoniae — 5 (12,1%). Complete blood count in group I patients revealed a decrease in hemoglobin level to 114 [95; 133] g/l, when compared with patients in group II — 139 [118; 150] g/l (p<0,001) and an increase in white blood cell count (10,2×109/l and 6,96×109/l, respectively (p<0,001)). A biochemical blood test in group I patients revealed a significant increase in C-reactive protein (CRP) of 105 [60; 191] and 18 [14; 55,1] mg/l (p<0,001). Patients with P. aeruginosa pneumonia had more widespread lung involvement than patients with pneumonia of other etiologies.

Conclusion. There are following most significant predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with HF and P. aeruginosa pneumonia: decreased LVEF <40% (relative risk (RR) 1,833; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1,188-3,400; p=0,005), white blood cell count >11×109/l (RR 2,412; 95% CI 1,399-4,158; p=0,048), CRP >133 mg/l (RR 3,115; 95% CI 1,611-6,025; p<0,001) and hypoproteinemia <57 g/l (RR 5,225; 95% CI 1,249-21,854; p=0,012).
Selection of optimal revascularization tactics in patients with polyvascular disease: a literature review
Authors: Gaigiev T. I. , Kostanyan G. M. , Nikolaev N. A.
Published: May 2024

Patients with polyvascular disease (PVD), involving two or more vascular beds, are a difficult group for cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons and endovascular surgeons. The relevance of the problem is due to its widespread prevalence, rapid progression, and comorbidity, which worsens the prognosis in this cohort of patients. The problem of selecting the optimal revascularization tactics remains unresolved. The results of original research on this problem are analyzed. The need for an individual multidisciplinary approach to determine the best revascularization strategy is demonstrated. The use of various methods of optimal therapy, open and endovascular surgery in each specific case is the most acceptable tactic.
Review and targeted lipidomic biomarkers in atherosclerosis
Authors: Lomonosova A. A. , Gognieva D. G. , Abdullaev M. G. , Kostikova A. S. , Eroshchenko N. N. , Nartova A. A. , Silantyev A. S. , Suvorov A. Yu. , Komarov R. N. , Dzyundzya A. N. , Shchekochikhin D. Yu. , Syrkina E. A. , Kopylov F. Yu.
Published: May 2024

Ischemic cardiovascular events (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction) are the most common complications of cardiovascular diseases. One of the leading mechanisms of these complications is atherosclerosis. Lipids play an important role in plaque development. Recently, the lipidome has been of greatest interest, since it may have a prognostic value in atherosclerosis development. With an increase in the circulation of proatherogenic lipidomic biomarkers, the risk of atheroscle­rosis destabilization and ischemic complications increases.

The conducted studies made it possible to create additional risk stratification scales, for example, Cardiovascular Event Risk Test (CERT) 1 and 2. They make it possible to estimate the residual risk in patients taking statins. The lipidome examination in extracranial artery atherosclerosis can identify those plaques that have signs of instability, and therefore are dangerous for ischemic stroke development.

The review describes the features of plasma lipidome in various cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis.
Mature neutrophils as a marker of hypoechoic carotid plaques and a predictor of polyvascular disease progression
Authors: Genkel V. V. , Kuznetsova A. S. , Savochkina A. Yu. , Baturina I. L. , Nikushkina K. V. , Minasova A. A. , Pykhova L. R. , Sumerkina V. A. , Kudrinskaya Ya. I. , Shaposhnik I. I. , Dolgushin I. I.
Published: May 2024

Aim. To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating mature and aging neutrophils in relation to hypoechoic carotid plaques and short-term progression of carotid and multifocal atherosclerosis.

Material and methods. The study included 200 patients (89 males and 111 fe­males), aged 40-64 years. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound of the carotid and lower extremity arteries at the first visit and at a repeat visit after 12-24 months. Ultrasound morphology of carotid plaques was assessed using greyscale median analysis. Phenotyping and differentiation of neutrophil subpopulations was carried out using flow cytometry.

Results. The absolute and relative number of mature neutrophils directly correlated with ultrasound indicators of carotid atherosclerosis, while the number of aging neutrophils — with the degree of lower extremity artery stenosis. Patients with hypoechoic carotid plaques were characterized by a significantly higher absolute number of mature neutrophils (p=0,0340). An increase in the number of mature neutrophils over 3023,0 cells/μL made it possible to predict the hypoechoic carotid plaques with a sensitivity of 75,0% and a specificity of 69,5%. Patients with carotid atherosclerosis progression had a higher absolute number of mature neutrophils (p=0,0140), as did patients with progression of multifocal atherosclerosis (p=0,0162). An increase in the number of mature neutrophils more than 3223,0 cells/μL was associated with an increase in the relative risk of polyvascular disease progression by 3,09 times (95% confidence interval, 1,34-7,17; p=0,0082) after adjustment for baseline cardiovascular disease risk.

Conclusion. Among patients aged 40-64 years, increased numbers of circulating mature neutrophils are associated with an increased carotid plaque burden and hypoechoic carotid plaques. An increase in the number of mature neutrophils over 3223,0 cells/μL was associated with a 3,09-fold increase in the relative risk of polyvascular disease after adjustment for baseline cardiovascular risk.
Quantitative reliability measures determination of a steel-reinforced concrete beam taking into account fatigue damage accumulation in flexible pin stops
Authors: Kozak Nikolai , Syrkov Anton , Bystrov Vladimir , Yaroshutin Dmitry , Shestovitskiy Dmitriy
Published: May 2024

Reliability is one of the most important properties of road bridges due to their degree of responsibility and strategic importance for the transport system. For steel-reinforced concrete bridges, which are widespread nowadays, the question of their overall structure reliability dependence on the element’s condition of steel beam and reinforced concrete slab connection remains not fully studied. The authors have performed fatigue damage accumulation numerical modelling in the conjunction elements of steel-reinforced concrete beam from the cyclic temporary loads influence and analysed this process influence on the overall structure reliability. Based on the previous studies data, a relationship model between the conjunction element shear rigidity and the amount of damage accumulated by it is proposed. The nonlinear finite element calculation algorithm with regard to the conjunction element’s rigidity reduction is proposed and tested on the model of the steel-reinforced concrete superstructure. The selection method of the equivalent time load for modelling the accumulation of fatigue damage process from traffic flow is proposed. In order to optimise the computational resources used it is proposed to use loading process clusterization into enlarged cycles groups and the rational group size is determined. A numerical experiment on the simply supported steel reinforced concrete beam model with different loading cycles number (from 1 loading to 100 million loading cycles) to determine the reliability index β under the assumption of variability of two parameters — design steel resistance and the value of temporary load. FORM (First Order Reliability Method) was used for probabilistic analysis. The study results have shown that the accumulation of fatigue damage in the elements of steel-reinforced concrete superstructures has a significant effect both on the load-bearing capacity of the superstructure beams and on the quantitative indicators of structural reliability (increase in the probability of structural failure, decrease in the reliability index β).
Functional capabilities of the calculation methodology of railway approach embankment to engineering structures taking into account temperature effect and interaction of reinforcing piles with soil
Authors: Tserekh Stanislav
Published: May 2024

For the smooth operation of the railway infrastructure, it is necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the roadbed embankment and engineering structures (pipe-culverts, bridges and overpasses), which corresponds to the long-term development programme of the open joint-stock company «Russian Railways» approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated 19 March 2019 N 466-R. In the interface zones of nonhomogenous structures, namely roadbed embankments and engineering structures, ground distortion (soil settlement) occur, which leads to a change in the dynamic impact on engineering structures (pipe-culverts, bridges and overpasses) and, as a consequence, to their accelerated damage.

The timeliness of the topic is determined by the target programmes for railway transport infrastructure optimisation, ensuring uninterrupted operation, reliability of engineering structures and roadbed. When designing engineering structures, a number of solutions are used to ensure reliable functioning of the roadbed — engineering structure system (pipe-culvert, bridge substructure, tunnel, laying of communications). The problem is that their application is ineffective without scientific and regulatory support and is limited by the lack of effective solutions to ensure the rigidity of the roadbed structure on the approaches to the engineering structure. In this connection, new constructive and technical solutions development for the interface of the roadbed — engineering structure system is an urgent task.

The article considers railway transportations as a production process, the smooth functioning of which is ensured by smooth conjugation of approach embankments with engineering structures (bridges, pipe-culverts, underground communications). In the interface zone there are soil settlements, damage to the roadbed integrity, deformations leading to the appearance of additional dynamic forces and the emergence of irregularities and even destruction of the road pavement (on motorways), as well as damage to the engineering structures themselves.
Geosynthetic materials properties analysis suitable for controlling reflective cracks in asphalt concrete
Authors: Medvedev Dmitriy , Simchuk Evgeniy , Bochkarev Andrey
Published: May 2024

Reflective cracks appearing in the new asphalt concrete layer laid during reconstruction over the existing concrete or asphalt concrete pavement is the main cause of premature highways failure. Cracks of this type appear over defects in the old pavement and grow through the new pavement under the influence of vehicle loads and fluctuations in the temperature field. One of the common ways to combat reflective cracks is the use of an intermediate reinforcing layer made of special geosynthetic material, redistributing part of the loads. The paper proposes a multilayer pavement structural model and a temperature field change model based on the design documentation of the M-11 «Neva» highway and data from the temperature monitoring station. Temperature stresses сalculation arising in reinforced asphalt concrete layers in the existing crack vicinity of the old pavement is performed by the finite element method using the approximate method of Hills and Brien, reducing the calculation to the sequence of solving problems of linear elasticity theory. The dependencies of asphalt concrete rigidity modulus on temperature and time of load action are calculated on the basis of penetrative index and the binder softening temperature, taking into account the inevitable aging of the binder during paving and pavement operation. It is shown that significant reduction of dangerous tensile stresses in asphalt concrete is possible at reinforcement with geogrids with maximum tensile strength not lower than 100 kN/m, made on the basis of high-modulus glass or carbon fibers, under condition of joint work of asphalt concrete and reinforcing layers in the absence of mutual slippage.
Concrete strength criteria for biaxial and triaxial state of stress
Authors: Agapov Vladimir , Markovich Alexey
Published: May 2024

Based on the experiments conducted by the authors, a concrete strength criteria has been developed, which allows us to take into account biaxial and triaxial states of stress in strength calculations of massive concrete and reinforced concrete structures. The developed strength criteria is adapted to a spatial eight-node finite element (solid type) and implemented in the PrinCe programme. In order to conduct the developed criteria operational check, both experimental data and calculation results of other widely used strength criteria for concrete were compared. Thus, to verify the proposed criteria under triaxial compression, the calculation results were compared with experimental data as well as with the Willam-Warnke criterion and the modified Drucker-Prager criterion. The comparison shows that in the low hydrostatic stresses mode results of the above criteria converge both with each other and with the experimental data. In the medium hydrostatic stress mode , the criteria proposed by the authors and the Willam-Warnke criterion show close results, while the modified Drucker-Prager criterion, on the contrary, gives 20 % overestimation of concrete strength.

Comparison of the results of concrete biaxial tests shows good agreement with the criteria developed by the authors. Thus, for heavy coarse concrete the differences in strength values were not more than 3,5 %, for heavy fineconcrete and expanded clay concrete — not more than 4 %.
Analysis of modern approaches to the design and construction of arch bridges using tube-reinforced concrete
Authors: Astankov Konstantin
Published: May 2024

This article is a part of the author’s dissertation research. The paper discusses experience of application of tube-reinforced concrete structures in bridge construction on the example of facilities built over the last 30 years in the People’s Republic of China. The peculiarities of the bridge construction over the Xun River in Pingnan County, Guangxi Province, with a record span are considered.

The author has made a review of outstanding facilities built with the use of long span braced arches made of tube-reinforced concrete elements working mainly in off-centre compression. Various tube-reinforced concrete arch bridge spans erection techniques, advantages and disadvantages of each method are considered. The technology of tube concrete coating, designs and construction methods of facilities with the use of long span solid cross-section arches with a tie for the bridge constructions of medium and large spans are analysed in detail.

The review of modern research works in the field of bending arches operation is carried out, in comparison with the model assuming the operation of the
tube-reinforced concrete element as an off-centre compressed column is made, which in the future can provide more effective use of material properties in design. Modern approaches to the tube-reinforced concrete elements study are considered.

It is concluded that there is a large amount of research on the work of tube-reinforced concrete in off-centre compression with insufficient experimental data on the work of arch tube-reinforced concrete structures working in bending.

It is of interest to study the possibility of tube-reinforced concrete application for small spans in the bridge construction.

The author has established the prospect of using tube-reinforced concrete structures for arch spans in the construction of small soil-backfilled bridges, which is especially important in areas remote from the construction industry with a poorly developed network of motorways. The necessity of carrying out the bending tube-reinforced concrete structures research works for realisation of this purpose is revealed.
High workability cement materials
Authors: Zolotareva Svetlana , Ayubov Narman , Fediuk Roman , Klyuev Sergey , Liseitsev Yury
Published: May 2024

Analysing the main indicators of the territorial road network development level of our country, we come to the conclusion that it requires a large-scale re-equipment. A wide range of mixtures with high penetrating ability from composite binders ground to Ssw = 500 m2/kg has been developed. The viscosity characteristic of the developed materials testifies to their high penetrating ability, because the time of flow of the investigated materials through the Marsh viscometer is 33–39 seconds at a water-binding ratio of 0,62 and water consumption of 140 l/m3. The mixtures are characterised by P4 grade of workability (cone slump more than 30 cm). It is established that the strength enhancement effect of mixtures’ compressive strength increases at application of composite binder. In particular, at the age of 2 days the mixtures’ compressive strength on low water consumption binder increased by 56 % in comparison with the additive-free composition. The developed mixtures meet the requirements of GOST 59538-2021: specific surface of cement 450 m2/kg, compressive strength classes — B5–B10, stable and conditionally stable, water resistance grades — W6–W16, frost resistance grade — F2100. Studies of stress-related characteristics of mixtures (elastic modulus 8,92 GPa, prism strength 10,2 MPa), give grounds to conclude that on the basis of crushed stone from metamorphic slate stone, it is possible to obtain concrete for roadbed, corresponding to the normative documentation. The developed compositions make it possible to produce concrete of class B5–B10 when strengthening crushed stone bases and they can be used in the construction of bases of II category of motorways.
Accuracy of an artificial intelligence algorithm for detecting moderate-to-severe vertebral compression fractures on abdominal and thoracic computed tomography scans
Authors: Pereira Renata Fernandes Batista , Helito Paulo Victor Partezani , Leão Renata Vidal , Rodrigues Marcelo Bordalo , Correa Marcos Felippe de Paula , Rodrigues Felipe Veiga
Published: May 2024

Abstract Objective: To describe the accuracy of HealthVCF, a software product that uses artificial intelligence, in the detection of incidental moderate-to-severe vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) on chest and abdominal computed tomography scans. Materials and Methods: We included a consecutive sample of 899 chest and abdominal computed tomography scans of patients 51–99 years of age. Scans were retrospectively evaluated by the software and by two specialists in musculoskeletal imaging for the presence of VCFs with vertebral body height loss > 25%. We compared the software analysis with that of a general radiologist, using the evaluation of the two specialists as the reference. Results: The software showed a diagnostic accuracy of 89.6% (95% CI: 87.4–91.5%) for moderate-to-severe VCFs, with a sensitivity of 73.8%, a specificity of 92.7%, and a negative predictive value of 94.8%. Among the 145 positive scans detected by the software, the general radiologist failed to report the fractures in 62 (42.8%), and the algorithm detected additional fractures in 38 of those scans. Conclusion: The software has good accuracy for the detection of moderate-to-severe VCFs, with high specificity, and can increase the opportunistic detection rate of VCFs by radiologists who do not specialize in musculoskeletal imaging.
Partial recovery of tuberculosis preventive treatment in Brazil after pandemic drawback
Authors: Coutinho Iane , Alves Layana Costa , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro , Trajman Anete
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Brazil was heavily affected by COVID-19 both with death toll and economically, with absence of a centralized Federal Government response. Tuberculosis (TB) notifications decreased in 2020 but partial recovery was observed in 2021. We have previously shown a sharp (93%) reduction in TB preventive treatment notifications among five Brazilian cities with more than 1,000 notifications in 2021. We hypothesized TB preventive treatment would also recover. We updated the previous analysis by adding other cities that hold more than a 1,000 notifications until 2022. Data aggregated by 2-week periods were extracted from the Information System for Notifying People Undergoing Treatment for LTBI (IL-TB). Biweekly percentage change (BPC) of notifications until October 2022 and outcomes until July 2022 (in the two weeks of TB preventive treatment initiation) were analyzed using Joinpoint software. A total of 39,701 notifications in 11 cities were included, 66% from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We found a significant increase of TB preventive treatment notifications in the beginning of 2021 (BPC range 1.4-49.6), with sustained progression in seven out of the 11 cities. Overall, median completion rates were 65%. In most cities, a gradual and steady decrease of treatment completion rates was found, except for Rio de Janeiro and Manaus (Amazonas State, Brazil), where a BPC of 1.5 and 1.2, respectively, was followed by a sustained increase. Notifications and completion proportions of TB preventive treatment were heterogeneous, which partly reflects the heterogeneity in local response to the pandemic. We found that notifications were recovered, and that the sharp 2021 decrease was no longer observed, which suggests delays in notification. In conclusion, the sharp reductions in TB preventive treatment completion rates in most cities might have been caused by delays in reporting; however, the sustained and progressive decrease are a concern.
Social sustainability and reading promotion: linkages between public policies and quality education in Brazil
Authors: Camillo Everton da Silva
Published: May 2024

Abstract This paper was aimed at knowing to what extent the Brazilian public policiesPlano Nacional do Livro e LeituraandPolítica Nacional de Leitura e Escritamerge with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4 of quality education, namely Quality Education, from a social sustainability perspective. A mixed-methods approach was required for this purpose due to both quantitative and qualitative approaches to dealing with the data. We chose the Content Analysis research method to analyze them. Specifically, we used the categorical analysis technique and established a coding scheme. The policiesPlano Nacional do Livro e LeituraandPolítica Nacional de Leitura e Escritamerge with only three out of ten Sustainable Development Goal 4 targets, being: (a) to guarantee meaningful learning processes (4.1 target); (b) to offer scholarships for professional development (4.b target); and (c) to develop teacher training programs (4.c target). However, other linkages not related to the Sustainable Development Goal 4 were observed. They concern the following: (a) copyright and book economy matter; (b) social reading practices; (c) learning environments where to promote reading; (d) research and studies on the book production chain and information consumption market; (e) the use of technology to enhance reading promotion practices; and (f) symbolism during activities of reading promotion. The study concludes that despite the potential of Brazilian public policies for reading promotion to leverage quality education within the realm of social sustainability, the documents analyzed do not exhibit significant correlations with Sustainable Development Goal 4 of the 2030 Agenda. This suggests that the Plano Nacional do Livro e Leituraand Política Nacional de Leitura e Escrita should incorporate the seven missing requirements of the Quality Education Sustainable Development Goal (4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, and 4.a target), demonstrate all the ten targets, and establish a reading policy based on sustainable development until 2030.
Nutritional characteristics of distillers dried grains with solubles and their effects on performance and economic viability for pigs
Authors: Corassa Anderson , Santos Tatiane Izabel Silva , Silva Daniela Rocha , Straub Igor Willian Wrobel , Ton Ana Paula Silva , Sbardella Maicon , Kiefer Charles , Brito Claudson Oliveira , Teixeira Alexandre de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Abstract The chemical and nutritional characteristics of the four distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) were determined for dry matter (DM), mineral matter (MM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and gross energy analyzed (GEa), from which the values of gross energy (GE), digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE) were estimated. There were differences in the contents of EE, NDF, GEa, GE, DE, ME and NE between the lots. A total of 40 barrows with an initial weight of 72.69 ± 5.66 kg were assigned to a randomized block design, fed diets containing 0, 100, 200 and 300 g kg−1 DDGS for 28 days and were subjected to performance assessment. The inclusion of DDGS in the diets did not affect daily feed intake (DFI), daily weight gain (DWG) or feed conversion (FC) but linearly reduced the final weight. Based on the results of the performance and prices of ingredients in the local market, we calculated the costs of feed, revenue and gross operating profit (GOP). Inclusions of DDGS in pig diets reduced costs and revenues but did not affect GOP. DDGS presented chemical and nutritional variation between the lots. Levels of inclusion up to 300 g kg−1 DDGS do not affect finishing pig performance and profitability.
Características nutricionais de grãos secos destilados com solúveis e seus efeitos no desempenho e viabilidade econômica para suínos
Authors: Corassa Anderson , Santos Tatiane Izabel Silva , Silva Daniela Rocha , Straub Igor Willian Wrobel , Ton Ana Paula Silva , Sbardella Maicon , Kiefer Charles , Brito Claudson Oliveira , Teixeira Alexandre de Oliveira
Published: May 2024

Resumo As características químicas e nutricionais de quatro grãos secos destilados com solúveis (DDGS) foram determinados quanto a matéria seca (MS), matéria mineral (MM), proteína bruta (PB), extrato etéreo (EE), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e energia bruta analisada (EBa) dos quais os valores de energia bruta (EB), digestível (ED), metabolizável (EM) e liquida (EL) foram estimados. Houve diferenças no conteúdo de EE, FDN, EBa, EB, ED, EM e EL entre lotes. Um total de 40 machos castrados 72.69 ± 5.66 kg foram distribuídos em blocos ao caso, alimentados com dietas com 0, 100, 200 e 300 g kg−1 DDGS por 28 dias. A inclusão de DDGS não afetou consumo de ração diário, ganho de peso diário e conversão alimentar mas reduziu de forma linear o peso final. Baseados nos resultados de desempenho, preços de ingredientes e mercado local foram calculados os custos de ração, receita e lucro operacional bruto (LOB). Inclusões de DDGS em dietas para suínos reduziu custos e receitas mas não afetou LOB. DDGS apresentam variação química e nutricional entre lotes. Níveis de até 300 g kg−1 de DDGS não afetam desempenho e lucratividade com suínos em terminação.
Cinema, vídeo e opressão: o primeiro livro de Eisenstein por Arlindo Machado em meio à censura no Brasil
Authors: Moro Gláucio , Silveira Luciana Martha
Published: May 2024

Resumo Este artigo aborda a censura nos filmes e teorias cinematográficas do renomado cineasta russo Sergei Eisenstein. No intervalo de tempo que se estendeu de 1964 a 1985, o Brasil esteve sob o regime de governo conhecido como ditadura civil-militar, uma fase marcada por uma governança autoritária. Investigamos as ideias inovadoras de Eisenstein sobre montagem, composição visual e narrativa cinematográfica, que foram restringidas no contexto brasileiro devido às políticas de censura. Além disso, examinamos o papel crucial desempenhado pelo teórico brasileiro Arlindo Machado, uma autoridade em estudos de imagem, vídeo e cinema no país, na disseminação clandestina dessas teorias. Arlindo não apenas defendeu as ideias de Eisenstein, mas também desenvolveu análises relativas às metodologias técnicas de produção de imagens e às etapas envolvidas na criação cinematográfica, muitas das quais foram fundamentadas nas inovações do cineasta russo. Este ensaio explora um segmento da vida desses dois influentes teóricos e sua significativa contribuição para a disseminação das teorias cinematográficas em meio à censura governamental. Além disso, destaca os esforços de Arlindo Machado na promoção de uma educação voltada para o pensamento crítico e imagético relacionado ao vídeo e ao cinema no Brasil, apesar das restrições impostas pelo governo.
A mundialização do Estado de Exceção como ciclo imaginário dos filmes futuristas
Authors: Silva Eduardo Duarte Gomes da , Dantas Rafael
Published: May 2024

Resumo A imagem do futuro nos filmes de ficção científica é feita com base em contextos imaginários de cada época. Esses contextos elaboram ciclos temáticos que se apresentam ao longo do tempo. Este artigo visa discutir o surgimento da cultura de vigilância dos cidadãos presente em nosso tempo. Essa cultura é presença constante em filmes de ficção científica, especialmente em obras que se passam em futuros distópicos. Nos interessa suas implicações nos arranjos sociais, tendo como objeto de discussão os filmes THX 1138, Brazil – o filme e Minority Report. Tais filmes mostram possibilidades de vigilância e controle particularmente distintas entre si, porém, eles têm em comum sociedades em constante estado de emergência, cuja guerra, em última instância, é travada contra os próprios cidadãos. São filmes futuristas, mas espelhos de um presente em que os governos classificam seus cidadãos em diferentes condições de proteção política.
Modelo da Enunciação Algorítmica Marcária: a inteligência artificial e os algoritmos como actantes da enunciação publicitária de marca
Authors: Souza Lívia Silva de , Gonsales Flávia Igliori , Damasceno Alhen Rubens Silveira
Published: May 2024

Resumo A linguagem publicitária tem sido objeto de estudo no campo da comunicação com base em olhares diversos, em especial o da teoria da enunciação oriunda dos estudos do discurso. Barbosa e Trindade (2003) propuseram o modelo da enunciação publicitária, desdobrando-a em seis níveis na emissão e cinco na recepção, revelando uma enunciação coletiva na publicidade. Este artigo revisita tal modelo, identificando as marcas como o enunciador debreado, e localizando os algoritmos como actantes da enunciação publicitária. Propomos o Modelo de Enunciação Algorítmica Marcária na emissão, no qual os algoritmos se inserem em um fluxo ascendente em direção à marca. Ao final, convidamos os pesquisadores em comunicação a pensar as transformações na práxis publicitária em suas múltiplas instâncias.
Acontecimento, alteridade e iminência: percurso e desdobramentos de uma pesquisa sobre a Lei Aldir Blanc
Authors: Melo Sharine Machado Cabral
Published: May 2024

Resumo Este artigo discute as principais referências metodológicas, conceituais e estéticas que embasam uma pesquisa que vem investigando, desde 2020, as mobilizações da sociedade civil e as articulações políticas que levaram à Lei Aldir Blanc (Lei nº 14.017/2020), à Política Nacional Aldir Blanc de Fomento à Cultura (Lei nº 14.399/2022) e à Lei Paulo Gustavo (Lei Complementar nº 195/2022). São abordadas as noções de iminência (Canclini, 2012), alteridade (Foucault, 2011) e acontecimento (Deleuze e Guattari, 2015). Conclui-se que o entrelaçamento desses conceitos pode contribuir para a compreensão das relações entre a sociedade civil e a construção de políticas públicas, lançando luz sobre seu sentido utópico e sobre os anseios que impulsionam a participação democrática.
Favela, cartão-postal do Brasil? Representações ambivalentes sobre cultura e identidade nacionais na performance de Anitta em palco estrangeiro
Authors: Rodrigues Leonardo
Published: May 2024

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender como a cantora Anitta, na condição de estrela pop em ascensão internacional, promove a favela como cultura e identidade brasileiras e também discutir quais as implicações dessa abordagem ante as representações ambivalentes desse espaço, tratado ora como território da pobreza e da violência, ora como reserva de manifestações culturais autênticas. Para isso, descrevemos e analisamos uma apresentação da cantora no festival americano Coachella em abril de 2022 com referencial teórico baseado em estudos culturais (Hall, 1992, 2003, 2016; Martín-Barbero, 1995, 2015; García Canclini, 1998) e estudos de performance (Amaral; Soares; Polivanov, 2018; Pereira de Sá; Holzbach, 2010). Observamos que Anitta se apoia em referências consagradas da cultura e da identidade brasileiras, ao mesmo tempo que introduz o seu ponto de vista, relacionado a uma cultura urbana periférica. Consideramos que, ao explorar um espaço ambivalente como a favela, a artista provoca tensionamentos em torno dos símbolos nacionais e do que pode ou não ser considerado parte da cultura e da identidade brasileiras.
Insertion torque, flexural strength and surface alterations of stainless steel and titanium alloy orthodontic mini-implants: an in vitro study
Authors: PULS Gustavo Lopes , MARAÑÓN-VÁSQUEZ Guido Artemio , RAMOS Christian Andrew Vargas , REIS Caio Luiz Bitencourt , REIS Andréa Cândido dos , STUANI Maria Bernadete Sasso , ROMANO Fábio Lourenço , MATSUMOTO Mírian Aiko Nakane
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), flexural strength (FS) and surface alterations between stainless steel (SS-MIs) and titanium alloy (Ti-MIs) orthodontic mini-implants. Methods: Twenty-four MIs (2 x 10 mm; SS-MIs, n = 12; Ti-MIs, n = 12) were inserted on artificial bone blocks of 20 lb/ft3 (20 PCF) and 40 lb/ft3 (40 PCF) density. The maximum IT was recorded using a digital torque meter. FS was evaluated at 2, 3 and 4 mm-deflection. Surface topography and chemical composition of MIs were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). General linear and mixed models were used to assess the effect of the MI type, bone density and deflection on the evaluated outcomes. Results: The IT of Ti-MIs was 1.1 Ncm greater than that obtained for the SS-MIs (p= 0.018). The IT for MIs inserted in 40 PCF test blocks was 5.4 Ncm greater than that for those inserted in 20 PCF test blocks (p < 0.001). SS-MIs inserted in higher density bone (40 PCF) had significantly higher flexural strength than the other groups, at 2 mm (98.7 ± 5.1 Ncm), 3 mm (112.0 ± 3.9 Ncm) and 4 mm (120.0 ± 3.4 Ncm) of deflection (p< 0.001). SEM evidenced fractures in the Ti-MIs. EDS revealed incorporation of 18% of C and 2.06% of O in the loaded SS-MIs, and 3.91% of C in the loaded Ti-MIs. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this in vitro study, it seems that SS-MIs offer sufficient stability and exhibit greater mechanical strength, compared to Ti-MIs when inserted into higher density bone.
Sobre a história das práticas religiosas na socioeducação: a influência moderna das escolas cristãs, do século XVII, de Jean-Baptiste de La Salle
Authors: Fernandes Maria Nilvane , Toledo Cézar de Alencar Arnaut de
Published: May 2024

Resumo Apresentamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de cunho historiográfico, sobre a pedagogia implementada por Jean-Baptiste de La Salle (1651-1719) para o atendimento de adolescentes condenados pela justiça. Utilizamos como fontes, manuais pedagógicos e escolares produzidos no século XX, assim como os códigos e guias escritos por La Salle. O interesse pelo objeto de pesquisa está relacionado com a criação de uma das primeiras instituições para atendimento de infratores. O estudo se estrutura em cinco tópicos. Na introdução explicitamos informações atualizadas sobre o Instituto dos Irmãos das Escolas Cristãs - La Salle. Em seguida, apresentamos as fontes da pesquisa. No terceiro momento, o contexto de produção da vida material em que a Congregação foi criada. Para finalizar, explicitamos como se dava a metodologia de atendimento dos jovens no início do século XVIII. A pesquisa concluiu que algumas práticas realizadas pelos Irmãos lassallistas naquele período, ainda são verificadas no contexto atual.