bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NaXChannel Is a Physiological [Na+] Detector in Oxytocin- and Vasopressin-Releasing Magnocellular Neurosecretory Cells of the Rat Supraoptic Nucleus
Authors: Salgado-Mozo Sandra , Thirouin Zahra S. , Wyrosdic Joshua C. , García-Hernández Ubaldo , Bourque Charles W.
Published: October 2023

TheScn7Agene encodes NaX, an atypical noninactivating Na+channel, whose expression in sensory circumventricular organs is essential to maintain homeostatic responses for body fluid balance. However, NaXhas also been detected in homeostatic effector neurons, such as vasopressin (VP)-releasing magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCVP) that secrete VP (antidiuretic hormone) into the bloodstream in response to hypertonicity and hypernatremia. Yet, the physiological relevance of NaXexpression in these effector cells remains unclear. Here, we show that rat MNCVPin males and females is depolarized and excited in proportion with isosmotic increases in [Na+]. These responses were caused by an inward current resulting from a cell-autonomous increase in Na+conductance. The Na+-evoked current was unaffected by blockers of other Na+-permeable ion channels but was significantly reduced by shRNA-mediated knockdown ofScn7Aexpression. Furthermore, reducing the density of NaXchannels selectively impaired the activation of MNCVPby systemic hypernatremia without affecting their responsiveness to hypertonicityin vivo. These results identify NaXas a physiological Na+sensor, whose expression in MNCVPcontributes to the generation of homeostatic responses to hypernatremia.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we provide the first direct evidence showing that the sodium-sensing channel encoded by theScn7Agene (NaX) mediates cell-autonomous sodium detection by MNCs in the low millimolar range and that selectively reducing the expression of these channels in MNCs impairs their activation in response to a physiologically relevant sodium stimulusin vitroandin vivo. These data reveal that NaXoperates as a sodium sensor in these cells and that the endogenous sensory properties of osmoregulatory effector neurons contribute to their homeostatic activationin vivo.
A Black Hole in Ink
Authors: Skulberg Emilie , Sparre Martin
Published: October 2023

Half a century before black hole images based on observations were released, physicists used calculations and simulations to depict what they thought the surroundings of black holes would look like. We focus in particular on the framing and reception of a 1978 image by French astrophysicist Jean-Pierre Luminet. This handmade drawing was described as “realistic” even though black hole shadows had not yet been observed. Using his image to convince astronomers of the existence of black holes, Luminet argued for the accuracy of his image by emphasizing the physical effects taken into account in the simulation he used for his drawing and made references to photography in descriptions of it. At the same time, he presented the appearance of light near a black hole, as seen by a distant observer, as “optical distortions.” Like Nobel Laureate Roger Penrose, Luminet was a creator of images used in General Relativity who had found inspiration in Dutch artist M. C. Escher’s work. But unlike the plays on perspective that Escher was known for, black hole images were not used to confound the beholder or to make the beholder aware of their role as an interpreter of contradictory images. Luminet instead used apparent “optical distortions” to further intuition about black holes. Focusing on what light near a black hole looked like, Luminet explained why his image looked the way it did to communicate the nature of what was invisible.
Study the radiation attenuation properties of MgO/barite composite ceramics for photon shielding applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia, Alorain D. A. , Elsafi M. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511 Alexandria, Egypt, Almuqrin A. H. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia, Yasmin S. ,   Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chattogram, Bangladesh, Sayyed M. I. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman – Jordan
Published: October 2023

Five ceramic samples have been considered termed as S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 on the purpose of radiation shielding. Ceramic sample S1 specifies pure MgO (100 wt %) with no other addition of Barite (BaSO4), yet another samples S2, S3, S4, and S5 have been considered 10 wt %, 20 wt %, 30 wt %, and 50 wt % of Barite (BaSO4) instead of MgO. Few shielding parameters such as linear attenuation coefficients (LAC), effective atomic number (Zeff), equivalent atomic number (Zeq) and radiation absorption ratio (RAR) were calculated through Geant4 code and experimental technique for the interest of evaluating the radiation shielding strength of the considered ceramic samples. The value of LAC of the considered ceramic samples via Experimental and Geant4 code were found a negligible difference. Considered ceramic samples S5 presents the most suitable radiation shielding capacity comprising rest of the ceramic samples according to the value of LAC for low energy. Considered ceramic sample S5 with the composition of [MgO (50%)- BaSO4 (50%)] were provided lowest value of HVL, TVL, and MFP. Hence, the obvious concern is that greater amount of Barite (BaSO4) lift up the shielding ability MgO ceramic in place of MgO.
Structural and magnetic effect of bismuth substitution on Li-Co ferrite synthesized through microemulsion method
Authors:   Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan, Saleem A. , Shifa M. S. ,   Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Buzdar S. A. ,   Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Asghar H. M. N. ul H. K. ,   Department of Physics, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan, Mustaqeem M. ,   Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Gilani Z. A. ,   Department of Physics, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences, Quetta 87300, Pakistan, Ali S. M. ,   Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, P.O. BOX 2455, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia, Shar M. A. ,   Department of Mechanical & Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom, Khan A K. ,   Department of Physics, University of Central Punjab, Bahawalpur Campus, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Published: October 2023

Li-Co spinal ferrites were synthesized in pure and doped form by substituting/doping a post transition metal, bismuth in varying concentrations using micro-emulsion technique. Effect of bismuth substitution was studied by investigating the structural and magnetic properties in detail. X-ray diffractometer results confirmed the creation of single phase along with a slight occurrence of orthophase in prepared ferrites. Average crystallite size increased from 14 to 28 nm by increase in bismuth concentration. SEM micrographs were in complete agreement with XRD results showing spherical to cubic grains which was a confirmation of cubic spinal structure. Average estimated grain size of 52 nm showing agglomeration was also a good testimony of XRD results. VSM technique was employed to study magnetic properties of prepared samples within applied magnetic field strength of -10,000Oe to 10,000Oe. Ms and Hc values were observed to be decreasing with increasing bismuth content. Lower Ms and Hc values made our newly synthesized material fit for transformer cores and induction purposes.
Hypoxia activates SREBP2 through Golgi disassembly in bone marrow‐derived monocytes for enhanced tumor growth
Authors: Nakahara Ryuichi , Aki Sho , Sugaya Maki , Hirose Haruka , Kato Miki , Maeda Keisuke , Sakamoto Daichi M , Kojima Yasuhiro , Nishida Miyuki , Ando Ritsuko , Muramatsu Masashi , Pan Melvin , Tsuchida Rika , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Yanai Hideyuki , Takano Hiroshi , Yao Ryoji , Sando Shinsuke , Shibuya Masabumi , Sakai Juro , Kodama Tatsuhiko , Kidoya Hiroyasu , Shimamura Teppei , Osawa Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2023

Bone marrow‐derived cells (BMDCs) infiltrate hypoxic tumors at a pre‐angiogenic state and differentiate into mature macrophages, thereby inducing pro‐tumorigenic immunity. A critical factor regulating this differentiation is activation of SREBP2—a well‐known transcription factor participating in tumorigenesis progression—through unknown cellular mechanisms. Here, we show that hypoxia‐induced Golgi disassembly and Golgi‐ER fusion in monocytic myeloid cells result in nuclear translocation and activation of SREBP2 in a SCAP‐independent manner. Notably, hypoxia‐induced SREBP2 activation was only observed in an immature lineage of bone marrow‐derived cells. Single‐cell RNA‐seq analysis revealed that SREBP2‐mediated cholesterol biosynthesis was upregulated in HSCs and monocytes but not in macrophages in the hypoxic bone marrow niche. Moreover, inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis impaired tumor growth through suppression of pro‐tumorigenic immunity and angiogenesis. Thus, our findings indicate that Golgi‐ER fusion regulates SREBP2‐mediated metabolic alteration in lineage‐specific BMDCs under hypoxia for tumor progression.
Intratumoral co‐injection of NK cells and NKG2A‐neutralizing monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Melero Ignacio , Ochoa Maria C , Molina Carmen , Sanchez‐Gregorio Sandra , Garasa Saray , Luri‐Rey Carlos , Hervas‐Stubbs Sandra , Casares Noelia , Elizalde Edurne , Gomis Gabriel , Cirella Assunta , Berraondo Pedro , Teijeira Alvaro , Alvarez Maite
Published: October 2023

NK‐cell reactivity against cancer is conceivably suppressed in the tumor microenvironment by the interaction of the inhibitory receptor NKG2A with the non‐classical MHC‐I molecules HLA‐E in humans or Qa‐1b in mice. We found that intratumoral delivery of NK cells attains significant therapeutic effects only if co‐injected with anti‐NKG2A and anti‐Qa‐1b blocking monoclonal antibodies against solid mouse tumor models. Such therapeutic activity was contingent on endogenous CD8 T cells and type‐1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). Moreover, the anti‐tumor effects were enhanced upon combination with systemic anti‐PD‐1 mAb treatment and achieved partial abscopal efficacy against distant non‐injected tumors. In xenografted mice bearing HLA‐E‐expressing human cancer cells, intratumoral co‐injection of activated allogeneic human NK cells and clinical‐grade anti‐NKG2A mAb (monalizumab) synergistically achieved therapeutic effects. In conclusion, these studies provide evidence for the clinical potential of intratumoral NK cell‐based immunotherapies that exert their anti‐tumor efficacy as a result of eliciting endogenous T‐cell responses.
Problems and ways of improving project-oriented learning in Ukraine
Authors: Valentina M. Molokanova , Inna O. Hordieieva
Published: October 2023

Project-based learning is a student-centered learning process that provides opportunities to explore and combine theory and practice. This study aims to examine student responses after their participation in project-based learning and identify the skills that students have improved after completing the project-based learning process, using its 4 stages. An experimental verification of the possibilities of applying project-based learning project-based learning for students to acquire project competencies through the development and implementation of their own projects was conducted. A total of 70 students who studied at the faculties of management under the educational program "Project Management" participated in the study. The results showed a positive reaction of students to their experience of participating in project-based learning, which combines elements of theory and practice. In addition, the results of this study showed that project-oriented learning has a positive impact on the development of behavioral competencies of students and their further professional orientation. Students responded that thanks to project-based learning they have improved their thinking skills, problem-solving skills, gained a sense of self-realization, as well as teamwork skills. The work has further developed the iterative learning method by applying it to assess professional competencies in project management in different ways of learning: on personal experience, the experience of other lecturers and students, or combined learning in the first and second way. The proposed mathematical method for calculating the time for students to acquire project management competencies allows you to calculate whether a graduate, if included in a group, will have time to master the reference set of professional competencies, as those that are laid down in the educational program. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the application of project-based learning for students to acquire project competencies. The results of the study are confirmed during the experimental verification of the impact of project-based learning on students during the development and implementation of their own projects. The practical value of the study lies in helping educators to improve the quality of education. The study showed that project-based learning is an effective method for students to acquire project competencies. The article may be of interest to educational workers, scientists, and practitioners in project management.
Data preprocessing and tokenization techniquesfortechnical Ukrainian texts
Authors: Sergii V. Mashtalir , Oleksandr V. Nikolenko
Published: October 2023

The field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has witnessed significant advancements fueled by machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence, expanding its applicability and enhancing human-computer interactions. However, NLP systems grapple with issues related to incomplete and error-laden data, potentially leading to biased model outputs. Specialized technical domains pose additional challenges, demanding domain-specific fine-tuning and custom lexicons. Moreover, many languages lack comprehensive NLP support, hindering accessibility.In this context, we explore novel NLP data preprocessing and tokenization techniques tailored for technical Ukrainian texts. We address a dataset comprising automotive repair labor entity names, known for errors and domain-specific terms, often in a blend of Ukrainian and Russian. Our goal is to classify these entities accurately, requiring comprehensive data cleaning, preprocessing and tokenization.Our approach modifies classical NLP preprocessing, incorporating language detection, specific Cyrillic character recognition, compounded word disassembly, and abbreviation handling. Text line normalization standardizes characters, punctuation, and abbreviations, improving consistency. Stopwords are curatedto enhance classification relevance. Translation of Russian to Ukrainian leverages detailed classifiers, resulting in a correspondence dictionary.Tokenization addresses concatenated tokens, spellingerrors, common prefixes in compound words and abbreviations.Lemmatization, crucial in languages like Ukrainian and Russian, builds dictionaries mapping word forms to lemmas, with a focus on noun cases. The results yield a robust token dictionary suitable for various NLP tasks, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of applications, particularly in technical Ukrainian contexts. This research contributes to the evolving landscape of NLP data preprocessing and tokenization, offering valuable insights for handling domain-specific languages.
Factors Influencing the Intention to Commit Unethical Behaviour Among Youth in Pahang
Authors: Tenku Sulaiman Tengku Intan Nabilah , Mahmud Fatimah , Haron Hasnah , Johari Fuadah , Jalil Suhaili , Salleh Zalailah
Published: October 2023

Integrity refers to the qualities that exist in everyone based on the and high moral practices. Therefore, youth as the catalyst of the nation, need to be ethical in their actions and make ethical values as a culture in their daily lives. Recognizing the importance of integrity, this study is expected to help the public sector mainly in pahang plan strategies to instill the culture of integrity among youth. Thus, the main objective of this study is to identify the factors that influence the intention to commit unethical behavior among youth in Pahang. The objective of the study is to examine whether attitudes (love of money and greed), subjective norms (parental influence and peer influence) and perceived behavioral control (financial stress and capability) and religiosity will have a relationship with Intention to commit unethical behaviour . The study was conducted using a survey. A total of 148 respondents who are youths between the ages of 18 to 40 who work in government agencies participated the results of this study revealed that religiosity shows a significant and negative relationship with intention to commit unethical behaviour.​​ This study adds to the body of knowledge about intention to commit unethical behavior. It is intended that this study would improve awareness of youth in ensuring that they are able to perform their duties with integrity.
Conceptualizing Customer Experience in Organic Food Purchase Using Cognitive-Affective-Behavior Model
Authors: Hussin Harniyati , Abdul Wahid Nabsiah
Published: October 2023

Researchers have shifted their focus to investigating the cognitive, emotional, and behavioural elements of the customer’s consumption experience following the application of a customer-centric approach by businesses in their operations. This review paper attempts to conceptualize the role of customer experiences (CE) of retail organic foods using the lens of the Cognitive-Affective-Behaviour (C-A-B) theory. C-A-B is chosen as it is a widely used theory to explain an individual’s comprehensive evaluation of an object, which represents their personal cognitive, emotional, and behavioural responses. Particularly, the C-A-B model reflects the direct effect that cognition has on emotional responses, which then drives collective behaviour, which in turn works as the motivation for a person to participate in a certain behaviour. From the review, CE is suggested to show positive and negative influences respectively on green experiential satisfaction and retail organic food repurchase intention. The links suggested amongst the variables would help to extend the cognition-affection-behavioural framework to the green retail contexts by testing a novel relationship of understanding consumers’ green behaviour. The findings may also demonstrate the importance of promoting sustainable store strategies that create favourable customer experiences of themselves. It is also expected that this insight will help to improve, both practically and theoretically, the customer experience measurement tools used in the green retail service industry, as well as to broaden and deepen our understanding of The Theory of Cognitive-Affective-Behaviour (CAB).
The Use of Behavioristic Techniques for Building Schoolchildren’s Ability to Accept Themselves and Others without Judgment
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Savelyeva Olga E.
Published: October 2023

The prevailing methods of character education in the Russian school are now methods of a rationalistic nature, appealing to reflection, analytical and critical thinking. However, K. Kawakami’s research shows that spontaneous and instinctive behavioral acts of individuals cannot be tackled solely by means of consciousness-based methods of building value attitudes. The manifestation of judgmental behavior by a person is often a spontaneous behavioral-emotional act. In this regard, the author turns to the study of irrational (including behavioristic) methods of character education and ways to use them in the educational process in order to implement the recommendations of the Federal State Educational Standard on developing the ability of schoolchildren to accept themselves and others without judging. In the course of the research, the author relies on theories of classical and operant conditioning, acquisition, anchoring techniques and social imprinting. The author proposes a set of practical behavioristic techniques for use in the school educational process. Some of them are already used in the pedagogical process in Russia or abroad, and some have been developed by the author. Among them are: rhymed or rhythmic educational slogans of an affirmative structure (the role of which can also be played by proverbs and sayings used according to a number of requirements), emotional training technique based on anchor images, as well as bonus rewards for positive social behavior. The conclusions of the article can be used for further theoretical conceptualization of introducing irrational methods into the school process of character education, as well as for developing programs for emotional or moral education, programs for the formation of tolerance, empathy and emotional intelligence with the inclusion of behavioristic and other irrational techniques.
Current Areas of Activity of the Adviser to the Director for Education and Interaction with Childrenʼs Public Associations
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Skrypnikova Ekaterina M.
Published: October 2023

Modern challenges to the implementation of education in a general education organization have led to the emergence of a new position – adviser to the director for education and interaction with childrenʼs public associations. Relevant is the scientific understanding and justification of the activities of the education adviser to identify key competencies, functions and areas of his work, in order to subsequently ensure high-quality training of these specialists. The purpose of the article is to characterize the features of the current areas of work of the adviser to the director for education and interaction with childrenʼs public associations. At the moment, in the field of activity of an adviser in education, such issues are being investigated as: socio-pedagogical technologies of interaction between an adviser and childrenʼs public associations, a competence model of an adviserʼs activity, a methodology for researching the activity of advisers, an adviserʼs work with the parent community, the strategic status of an adviser, a study of the professionalism of advisers, environmental direction in the adviserʼs work, etc. In our opinion, the priority directions of the adviserʼs work are: interaction with childrenʼs and youth public associations, interaction with parents of students, involvement of children in socially significant activities. The article also reveals the main types of pedagogical activity carried out by the adviser: prognostic, design, organizational, communicative, coordinating and reflective.
The small intestinal microbiome: vibing with intestinal stem cells
Authors: Poplaski Victoria , Sawyer Faith , Blutt Sarah E
Published: October 2023

The epithelial lining of the small intestine mediates its absorptive and secretory function and thus is a critical component of human health. Regeneration and renewal of the epithelium is the result of proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Many cell types and molecular factors are known to regulate the ability of ISCs to proliferate, including adjacent neighboring epithelial cells and the underlying, supportive stromal cells. The microbiome resides in the lumen of the small intestine and is in close contact with the epithelium. Due to its proximity to ISCs, it has been hypothesized that species within the microbiome have the capacity to regulate ISC proliferation and differentiation. This review highlights research that probes interactions between ISCs and the microbiome in the small intestine to detail the current understanding of microbial regulation of ISCs. Results from these studies provide important knowledge that can be exploited to identify therapeutic targets or develop novel preventative treatments to treat intestinal diseases.
Invirtiendo la clase de matemáticas en los últimos cursos de secundaria mediante el uso de videos enriquecidos
Authors: Jiménez Hernández Cristina , Jordán Lluch Cristina , Magreñán Ruiz Ángel Alberto , Orcos Palma Lara
Published: October 2023

Uno de los principales retos del profesorado en los tiempos que corren es el de motivar al estudiantado y buscar metodologías que faciliten el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El crecimiento de la tecnología y su uso en el aula ha permitido evolucionar las metodologías. En este estudio se presenta el uso de EdPuzzle como herramienta para trabajar matemáticas siguiendo el modelo de clase invertida. Para poder medir los resultados se ha realizado un pretest y se ha tomado la nota del examen de evaluación del primer trimestre, como postest. Para hacer esto se han considerado dos grupos en tercero, y otros dos en cuarto, de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO), definidos a partir del aprovechamiento que han tenido de los vídeos. A pesar de que, en un inicio, los dos grupos de tercero eran homogéneos, en términos de conocimiento previo, y los de cuarto también en los mismos términos, la comparación de las medianas de las calificaciones obtenidas por ambos grupos muestra que estas son, en líneas generales, superiores en los grupos que han aprovechado los vídeos que en aquellos que no los han aprovechado, lo que contribuye a considerar el uso de EdPuzzle como una muy buena herramienta para invertir la clase. Por último, la satisfacción del estudiantado con respecto a su uso ha mostrado ser muy elevada, y este aspecto también contribuye a que se considere como una herramienta a considerar en el aula de matemáticas.
Nuevas citas de helechos escasos en Galicia
Authors: Martínez-Veiga Eva , Rodríguez-Buján Iván
Published: October 2023

En este trabajo se aumenta y actualiza el conocimiento de la distribución de siete especies de helechos raros y/o amenazados (Cystopteris diaphana (Bory) Blasdell, Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh., Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P.Fuchs, Leptogramma pozoi (Lag.) Heywood. y Dryopteris guanchica Gibby & Jermy en Galicia con la aportación de 19 nuevas citas. Las localidades donde se realizaron los muestreos se concentran en la provincia de A Coruña en los ayuntamientos de Arteixo, Carral, Cambre, Cerceda, Oleiros, Ordes y Sada y las provincias de Lugo (Sober) y Pontevedra (Pontevedra). Junto a los datos de localización, se aportan datos sobre su ecología, hábitat, estado de conservación, demografía, taxonomía, y observaciones personales de las especies citadas junto a información de las comunidades acompañantes.
Lo feo de las mujeres
Authors: Parra Amaya Angela Mayerly
Published: October 2023

El propósito de este artículo es ahondar en la comprensión de las mujeres, a partir de sus comportamientos inconsecuentes en relación al ideal femenino, y cómo estos eran abordados por la prensa, en el marco de la consolidación de la república durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.  La investigación se basa en tomar voces femeninas y masculinas de publicaciones de la época, con énfasis en la prensa literaria y política, filtrando las fuentes por la categoría: lo feo, desarrollada por Karl Rosenkranz. Leemos el reverso del estereotipo femenino para identificar una serie de variables que amplía la discusión de la naturaleza de las mujeres en relación a sus virtudes y cualidades. El diálogo entre los malos comportamientos y la inadecuada apariencia física constituyen un modelo de mujer mediado por diversas formas de crítica, control, burla y rechazo.
Los tutús célebres de Solesmes, Machines, and the Limits of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Cabello Llano Ignacio
Published: October 2023

En este artículo exponemos los resultados de un pequeño experimento llevado a cabo en febrero de 2023 con dos herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial recientemente desarrolladas por la empresa OpenIA motivado por una experiencia real en un seminario de Historia medieval. Tras presentar el problema de interpretación que nos planteaba un texto («1. El problema: les tutus célèbres de Solesmes»), mostramos primero aquello de lo que es capaz la Inteligencia Artificial («2. El experimento: Machines and the Limits of Scientific Knowledge») y, para acabar, exponemos la solución a la que hemos llegado haciendo uso de la razón humana («3. Las conclusiones: La raison contre les robots»). Además de resolver —satisfactoriamente, a nuestro entender— el problema de interpretación que planteaba el texto, pretendemos animar a la reflexión sobre los riesgos y límites del uso de este tipo de herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial, que, si bien pueden realizar operaciones complejas en cuestión de segundos, nunca podrán sustituir a la razón y la intuición humanas.
Impact Collision Operator for Unbounded Electrons in a Magnetized Plasma Model
Authors: Guerrida H. , Chenini K. , Meftah M.T. , Douis S. , Zenkhri D.E. , Arif K.
Published: October 2023

The shapes of spectral lines in plasmas contain information about plasma parameters and can be used as a diagnostic tool. We have obtained a theoretical expression involving a Meijer function for the plasma collision operator for electrons in the presence of an external magnetic field. We have used the semiclassical theory and the impact approximation which concern the interaction between the emitting systems (hydrogen-like ions in this study) and the plasma electrons. We have calculated the collision operator amplitude for some hydrogen-like ions such as Ar+17, V+22, Cr+23, Fe+25, and Ag+46 for high density intervals between 1018 cm−3 to 1026 cm−3 and at high temperatures between 106 K to 1010 K in a very strong magnetic field between 100 T to 10,000 T. We have applied our results to the Lyman-alpha line, and the comparison with experimental data and some theoretical results gives a good agreement.
Surfaces with Lowered Electron Work Function: Problems of Their Creation and Theoretical Description. A Review
Authors: Strikha M.V. , Goriachko A.M.
Published: October 2023

Experimental studies devoted to the creation of the modern photocathodes or efficient field emission cathodes with lowered work function or low/negative electron affinity are reviewed. We present theoretical models, where the electron affinity lowering is associated with the influence of electrically charged layers at the semiconductor/insulator interface. Modern experimental techniques of measuring the work function or the electron affinity and technologies aimed at fabricating the surfaces with low work function/electron affinity are described. In the framework of a simple theoretical model developed by the authors, it has been demonstrated that the presence of a dipole layer (e.g., composed of negatively charged oxygen ions and positively charged rare earth ions) at the semiconductor surface can lower the electron affinity by up to 3 eV provided equal concentrations of oppositely charged adsorbate ions. It is also shown that if the surface concentration of negatively charged oxygen ions is higher than the surface concentration of positively charged metal ions, the lowering of the electron affinity becomes smaller due to the upward band bending in the space charge region in the semiconductor; otherwise, the lowering of the electron affinity becomes larger due to the downward band bending. This effect allows technological proposals to be formulated for obtaining surfaces with minimum work function values in modern field-emission-based electronic devices. In the framework of the proposed model, the work function was evaluated for the OH-functionalized MXene. The corresponding value for the unfunctionalized MXene equals about 4.5 eV, being practically independent of the number of Ti and C layers (from 1 to 9 layers). The OH-functionalization lowers it down to about 1.6 eV, and this value is also practically independent of the number of atomic layers in MXene. Experimental approaches to obtain cathodes with low work function/low electron affinity are described. They are aimed at creating a spatial separation of electric charges in the near-surface cathode region perpendicularly to the surface plane. The corresponding spatial distributions of positive and negative charges are characterized by their localization either in two different atomic planes or in one plane and an extended space region (the latter variant is typical of semiconductor substrates). The technologies for producing such surfaces are based on various methods of adsorbate deposition onto the metal or semiconductor substrate: physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, liquid phase deposition, diffusion from the substrate bulk, and so forth. Particular attention is paid to the experimental works dealing with the adsorbtion of rare earth metals (Ce, Gd, Eu) and the coadsorbtion of oxygen onto the Si, Ge, and Mo surfaces (in a nano-structured state as well), which results in the dipole layer formation and the work function reduction.
New combinations in Helichrysum simpsonii Kottaim. for the taxa described as H. selago var. acutum Cheeseman and H. selago var. tumidum Cheeseman (Asteraceae) from Aotearoa / New Zealand
Authors:   School of Environmental & Animal Sciences, Te Pūkenga – New Zealand Institute of Skills and Technology, Auckland, New Zealand, de Lange P.J. , Blanchon D.J. ,   Auckland War Memorial Museum, Auckland, New Zealand
Published: October 2023

New variety- and subspecies-rank combinations in the Aotearoa / New Zealand endemic Helichrysum simpsonii Kottaim. are provided for the taxa described as H. selago var. acutum Cheeseman and H. selago var. tumidum Cheeseman, and lectotypes of these names are designated.
Пріоритети в охороні природи в умовах війни: ситуація з Великим Лугом і Великим Степом
Authors: Загороднюк Ігор Володимирович
Published: October 2023

У статті розглянуто природоохоронне і біогеографічне значення комплексу екосистем Великого Лугу і Придніпровського Степу у системі природних комплексів, знищених або суттєво порушених внаслідок гідробудівництва Каховського водосховища і системи водогінних магістральних та іригаційних каналів, що йдуть від нього. Руйнація водосховища внаслідок воєнних дій у червні 2023 р. стала новою, вже другою (після його створення) екологічною катастрофою, за якою меліоратори починають планувати третю — повторне перекриття водотоку Дніпра і відновлення первинних функцій водосховища. Докладно проаналізовано цінність територій, вивільнених від води (заплава) та іригації (степ), перспективи відновлення екосистем, підстави та засади такого відновлення, а також комплекс мінімально необхідних біотехнічних заходів для каналізації і корегування процесів відновлення природи й подолання наслідків девастації внаслідок виголення дна водосховища, а також припинення зрошення значних територій Степу.
Щодо стратегії післявоєнного відновлення кадрового потенціалу науки України
Authors: Попович Олександр Сергійович , Костриця Олена Петрівна
Published: October 2023

У статті продемонстровано можливість більш точного, ніж у попередніх роботах, розрахунку методом ендогенного прогнозування еволюції кадрового потенціалу науки, впливу на темпи його відновлення збільшення притоку молоді в науку. Показано, що, незважаючи на властиву кадровому потенціалу унікальну інерційність, цілком реально організувати такий варіант посиленої державної підтримки розвитку науки, за якого її конструктивний вплив на відродження України може відчутно зрости вже в перші 2—3 роки післявоєнного відновлення. Такі заходи не лише забезпечать прискорення інноваційного розвитку країни, а й сприятимуть оздоровленню вікової структури наукової спільноти, досить швидкому подоланню тенденції до її вимирання, яка намітилася в останні роки.
Прикладні проблеми механіки неоднорідних тіл: сучасний стан та перспективи розвитку
Authors: Токовий Юрій Владиславович
Published: October 2023

Структурно неоднорідні тіла, для яких характерною є залежність усіх або деяких властивостей матеріалу від просторових координат, становлять інтерес як для науковців в академічних колах, так і для інженерів-виробничників. Більш як 100-річний період досліджень механічної поведінки неоднорідних тіл спонукає до спроб математичного моделювання та розроблення адекватних методів аналізу. У доповіді простежено основні етапи розвитку досліджень з механіки неоднорідних структур, виокремлено найголовніші напрацювання та проаналізовано сучасні виклики. Розглянуто отримані в Інституті прикладних проблем механіки і математики ім. Я.С. Підстригача НАН України найвагоміші результати за цим напрямом та окреслено перспективи розвитку цих досліджень.
Pengaruh Penggunaan E-LKPD Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Tradisi Nyadran Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Melestarikan Budaya Lokal
Authors: Putri Annisa Febrianti , Prasetyo Ketut , Prasetya Sukma Perdana , Imron Ali
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan E-LKPD berbasis kearifan lokal terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran menumbuhkan IPS dan mengembangkan semangatnya serta perbedaan menganalisis hasil belajar antara penggunaan E-LKPD dan LKPD non elektronik dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan Pretest-postest nonequivalent control group design (menggunakan dua kelas) .  Subyek penelitian ini peserta didik kelas VIII dari SMP Negeri 2 Sidoarjo. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tiga teknik, yaitu Observasi, Tes, dan Dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji validitas, uji N-gain, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji independent t-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan E-LKPD cukup efektif dari hasil penelitian yang telah diterapkan pada peserta didik di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Sidoarjo dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menghasilkan budaya lokal. Sedangkan di kelas pembanding menunjukkan hasil dari data penelitian yang kurang efektif dari hasil penelitian dalam penggunaan non E-LKPD. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian nilai post-test kedua kelas menunjukkan adanya perbedaan dengan menggunakan E-LKPD dalam meningkatkan kemampuan mengatasi budaya lokal. Maka,
Impact of Antidepressant Treatment on Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Depression - A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: M V Raghav , A Geetha , Panchaksharimath Praveen , Raj Nivetha
Published: October 2023

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive index of cardiac autonomic regulation. HRV is reduced in depression, which indicates decreased Autonomic Nervous System flexibility. It is associated with an increase in the frequency of cardiac co-morbidities. Depression medications usually take six months for complete remission, but no data on patients on antidepressants for more than six months. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine if anti-depressants have a better impact on HRV. The current study focused on analyzing the correction of HRV parameters after six months of antidepressant therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to September 2021 at the AFT lab inpatients. They were recruited from the Psychiatry department, Victoria Hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. The sample size was calculated to be 40 (20 Patients and 20 Healthy controls). AFT was done on all participants using Power Lab equipment and analyzed using Lab Chart 8 software. Heart rate variability parameters (AFT results) were analyzed using statistical software. The results with a p-value of >0.05% were considered statistically significant and taken up for the study. 55% of the patients with depression in our study were in the age group of 18-25 years, and the mean Ham-D (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) score was found to be 9.8.  There is a reduction in autonomic function flexibility among patients who are on antidepressants when compared to healthy controls, even after six months of treatment. No conclusion could arrive on the class of antidepressant which was more beneficial owing to its effect on autonomic functions. Hence, randomized controlled studies comparing various classes of antidepressants to assess efficacy in reducing autonomic complications of depression should be taken up
Cristianismo e mídia: das “redes” às redes sociais
Authors: De Gouveia José Geraldo , Ferreira Borges Rosana Maria
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o cristianismo enquanto religião que nasce da Palavra e nela se fundamenta. Mostrar a dinâmica do anúncio cristão, comunicação/comunhão, que através da “mídia” localizada e contextualizada em “Redes de pesca” se tornou globalizada, situada em território indefinido, as redes sociais. Evidenciar os desafios presentes neste processo, suas peculiaridades originárias que exigiam uma mídia ligada ao martírio às exigências hodiernas, com obstáculos não menos adversos. Reafirmar os valores da cultura midiática enquanto facilitadora do anúncio cristão, dentro do multiculturalismo religioso e como proposta integradora da pessoa humana. Sinalizar novas possibilidades no campo midiático cristão sem perder a conexão com a rica experiência originária, fundamentada na Palavra que se fez carne e tornou-se polissemia de vida.
Rozwój lokalny na obszarach wiejskich Pomorza Zachodniego w świetle wskaźnika rozwoju wspólnot terytorialnych w latach 1997–2020
Authors: Durka Włodzimierz
Published: October 2023

Reforma samorządowa z 1990 r. przywróciła w polskim życiu publicznym samodzielność gminom, które z mocy prawa stały się wspólnotami samorządowymi posiadającymi podmiotowość prawną, polityczną i ekonomiczną. Reforma uruchomiła pokłady aktywności obywatelskiej, wprowadziła do polskiego życia publicznego zasadę pomocniczości, przyspieszyła rozwój gospodarczy, a także umożliwiła pełną rozmachu rozbudowę infrastruktury technicznej i społecznej. W niniejszym artykule zostaną przedstawione wyniki analizy rozwoju lokalnego gmin Pomorza Zachodniego w latach 1997–2020. W analizie posłużymy się wskaźnikiem rozwoju wspólnot terytorialnych (WRWT), który pozwoli na zaobserwowanie dokonujących się zmian w rankingu rozwojowym gmin. W dalszej części zostaną scharakteryzowane korelaty zaobserwowanych w tym czasie zmian.
Support of micro-enterprises by the ERDF at a regional level – evaluation of the Polish experience
Authors: Poteralski Jarosław
Published: October 2023

When Poland acceded to the European Union, it became a beneficiary of financing from the structural funds, in particular from the European Social Fund (ESF) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). One of the main objectives of EU structural policy is to improve the competitiveness of regional economies – aid beneficiaries, which is possible, inter alia, thanks to the support of the competitiveness of business entities. The sector of MSME (micro-, small and medium enterprises) is a particular focus of such support. This paper constitutes an attempt at summarising the experience of Polish regions within the scope of support provided to micro-enterprises from the ERDF funds, with a particular focus on the West Pomeranian Province.
About the nonlinear vibration equation of the beam
Authors: Khang Nguyen Van , Huong Nguyen Thi Van , Quyen Nguyen Van , Chung Pham Thanh
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we present the establishment the vibration equation for the study of nonlinear beam effects. A illustrative example allows us to derive equations und use nonlinear vibration for calculating vibration of beams.
Micromechanical model to predict the effect of temperature on the behavior of unsaturated porous media
Authors: Tran Bao Viet , Chateau Xavier
Published: October 2023

The homogenization method is used to investigate temperature effects on the water content-capillary pressure relationship and on the poro-mechanical behavior of unsaturated porous media. Two different phenomena have been considered: the temperature variations of surface tensions and the thermal dilatation of the solid phase in the framework of micromechanical models that are proposed in order to highlight the influence of the deformability of the solid phase on the macroscopic behavior. The result show that taking into account the coupling between the deformation of the porous space and the capillary effects can radically modify the prediction of the temperature influence on the capillary curve.
Konsolidacja systemu politycznego jako źródło rosyjskich zachowań politycznych w środowisku międzynarodowym
Authors:   Uniwersytet Gdański, Potulski Jakub
Published: October 2023

The contemporary Russian Federation is undergoing a process of democratic regression and a return to the socio-political authoritarianism, traditional to the Russian political system. The detachment of decision-making processes from the will of the citizens means that elites follow their own logic of action while remaining outside democratic control. Thus, all decisions are taken in the interests of the elites, most of whom come from the secret services and the military. The consolidation of the political regime, the regression of democracy in Russian conditions, promotes a return to great power thinking and thus encourages aggressive behaviour. In the article, the author points out that the aggression against Ukraine, undertaken in January 2022, was preceded by a long-term process of consolidation of the political system and elimination from its structure of any check and balance mechanisms allowing democratic control over political decision-making processes.
Imigracja a bezpieczeństwo wewnętrzne państwa
Authors:   Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego, Janik Krzysztof
Published: October 2023

This article deals with the impact of immigration on the multifaceted internal security of Poland. The considerations are based on the assumption that immigration is an inevitable phenomenon, and the future will bring its increase, also in relation to our country. This will result in the growth of various types of conflicts – from economic, through cultural and religious to political. Some of these conflicts are exaggerated, others can be resolved by appropriate political decisions. Importantly, the increase in immigrants in Poland does not translate into the state of public security. Foreigners do not pose a significant threat to this security, but this situation may change. It is necessary to prepare services responsible for security for such an eventuality, to ensure their interoperability and effectiveness of operation.
How Outrage Can be Quantified in Risk Assessment
Authors:   The Main School of Fire Service, Wolanin Jerzy , Kępka Paweł ,   The Main School of Fire Service, Telak Oksana ,   The Main School of Fire Service
Published: October 2023

In the article the problem how an emotional state influences quantitative risk profile is discussed. Risk as a concept enhances two equivalent dimensions. The first dimension relates to experts’ risk assessment. The second one is related to public risk perception, named outrage. One can understand outrage as the emotional state concerning risk. Five different degrees of hazardous situations are described and public emotional attitude towards them is analyzed by structured interview. A correlation between the emotional attitude and readiness to act is calculated to describe amplification of risk by the emotional state. Then a risk profile is constructed.