bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the application of machine learning for skin cancer image identification
Authors: Chen Shuyue
Published: September 2024

Cancer encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases marked by abnormal cell growth that can potentially spread throughout the body. Common types include breast, lung, colon, rectal, and skin cancers, among others. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment of skin cancer, which ranks among the prevalent forms of cancer. However, traditional diagnostic methods are time-consuming and depend on the expertise of dermatologists. This research aims to investigate the application of machine learning (ML) for identifying skin cancer from images, aiming to improve early detection and diagnosis. Various image preprocessing techniques, feature extraction methods, and ML algorithms are applied to a dataset of skin lesion images. Various machine learning models are assessed and compared based on relevant metrics for their effectiveness in detecting skin cancer. Preliminary findings indicate that ML algorithms can achieve high accuracy in skin cancer identification, potentially improving diagnostic efficiency and accessibility. However, the research also highlights obstacles such as imbalanced data and the need for model interpretability, which must be addressed for practical implementation. This research contributes to the expanding knowledge on ML applications in healthcare, particularly in dermatology. It highlights the potential of ML in skin cancer identification and provides insights into the challenges and limitations that need to be overcome for successful implementation. The study emphasizes the necessity for future research to refine these techniques and enhance their clinical applicability.
Which factors most strongly influence the popularity of facial recognition software on mobile device?
Authors: Zhu Dongheng
Published: September 2024

Facial scanning is becoming more common as the commercial use of facial recognition technology expands. Face recognition technology, can be widely used in public security, finance, subway, airport and other important fields of natural identification. Now, the technology has also been applied to the routine outbreak control and prevention, through the form of "face recognition" to bring more convenient, safer and more accurate experience. However, with the development of technology, the drawbacks of facial recognition are gradually revealed, and people's opinions on the technology are mixed. As facial recognition is widely used in the market, protecting users' privacy information and data is becoming an increasingly important issue. In this article, this paper will discuss the different factors contributing to the popularity of facial recognition among people from five aspects, respectively from the aspects of devices and people. This paper was covered a number of parts in this article to explore what factors influence the popularity of facial recognition, racially biased, Accuracy of identification, public acceptance, Personal experience with technology, public perception of face recognition technology and Alternatives to FRS. The conclusion is that the factors which most strongly impact on FR is accuracy.
To What Extent Does Wealth Influence on the Happiness of Residents in China?
Authors: Gu Jiachen
Published: September 2024

To better understand and consistently improve the public welfare, happiness and wealth have been discussed in the academia for ages, which deserves the researchers attention to reiterate such relationship when it comes to the case of China. This paper endeavors to briefly review what happiness and wealth are respectively, in what ways they can be measured, and describe the relationship between them. Then, the paper mainly uses second data analysis based on the survey of World Values Survey and National Bureau of Statistics of China to introduce the analytic foundation of this paper, which are key indicators that make up wealth like income, the status of a family's main source of income, expectations of future salary level, etc. and propose the meanings of subjective happiness. Besides, we also discussed the influence of these components of wealth on happiness, vice versa. During the process of research, we discover that although with the increase of wealth, the urgency of survival in China has significantly decreased, and people's happiness has also been on the rise. However, when wealth is no longer the main factor affecting Chinese, other factors such as educational level, and the gap between urban and rural areas have a very unignorable impact on happiness of Chinese people. Therefore, at the end of the paper, conclusions can be drawn upon the positive relevance between wealth and happiness. Whereas, their relationship is a complex and nuanced subject required of more thoughtful observation, and what lies ahead is the focus of extensive research in the fields of psychology, economics, and sociology to give a full picture of this relationship, for example, the negative impact of wealth on happiness in the long run.
To What Extent Does Lululemon Use Cultural Differences to Its Advantage in International Marketing in the Chinese Market?
Authors: Jiang Yasi
Published: September 2024

This paper mainly discusses the relationship between cultural differences and international marketing, and studies how to do international marketing well in the face of cultural differences, how to make proper use of cultural differences, and how to make the greatest use of the advantages brought by cultural differences in international marketing. In the case of the gradual saturation of the Chinese market, Lululemon's annual sales continue to grow and expand its market share, attracting more consumers. Therefore, this paper takes Lululemon as the research object, analyzes the current Chinese market as the background, discusses the strategy Lululemon has adopted in China, how to maintain and expand its consumer market, and whether it can further expand and extend in what aspects, to achieve better international marketing. Through literature research and empirical evidence, this paper concludes that cultural differences play an important role in international marketing. Put forward a reasonable way to make good use of cultural differences (do a good job in market research, understand regional demand and supply, understand consumer trends), seize the advantages of cultural differences, and achieve significant success in international marketing.
The Network Traffic of Social Media Platforms in the Internet Celebrity Economy: A Case Study of TikTok and Little Red Book
Authors: Liu Xinyue
Published: September 2024

The Information era began when mobile gadgets were widely introduced. People view numerous information on social media platforms, which consequently generates the concept called network traffic. To better understand the concept of network traffic in the Internet Celebrity Economy, it is crucial to examine how social media platforms function to prosper and thrive because they act as mediums to transfer information from place to place and earn profits from either live-streaming or advertisement based on the purchasing of online users. This paper conducts a case study of two prominent platformsTikTok and Little Red Bookto evaluate their internal systems and external environments using the classic SWOT analysis. The internal system will be analyzed in two aspects regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the current performing system of these platforms. In addition, the market environment and modern trend will be illustrated in the external environment analysis, which involves both opportunities and threats. The analysis will not only show how these platforms compete to overtake others depending on their unique preponderance, but will also demonstrate factors that may undermine their dominant positions in the market. Furthermore, this paper provides relevant and appropriate strategies to assist these firms in achieving further development by obtaining more market share and increasing international competitiveness worldwide.
Impact of Instagram on the Marketing Performance of Home-Based Businesses in the North Al Batinah Region, Oman
Authors: Bakheet Adil Hassan , Al Shezawi Abdullah Said
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of Instagram-based marketing strategies for home-based businesses (HBBs) in post-pandemic Oman by applying social selling and interaction theory. The research focuses on the dynamic relationships among interactivity, information content, and trendiness on Instagram, examining how these factors collectively influence the marketing performance of HBBs. Data were gathered from 100 HBB owners through a structured questionnaire. The findings reveal significant correlations between the use of Instagram and improved marketing performance for these businesses, demonstrating the platform’s importance in the current market landscape. Despite acknowledging certain research limitations, the study emphasizes Instagram's unique role as a powerful marketing tool for HBBs. The research suggests that future studies should include larger and more diverse samples to obtain more comprehensive insights. Ultimately, this study enhances the existing literature on Instagram marketing for HBBs and offers practical implications for business owners, contributing to a deeper understanding of social media marketing dynamics in this sector.
VALERŠTAJNOVA TEORIJA SVETSKOG SISTEMA: PERSPEKTIVA EKONOMSKE ISTORIJE ILI POGLED U BUDUĆNOST?
Authors: Praščević Aleksandra
Published: September 2024

U radu se razmatra teorija svetskog kapitalističkog sistema koju je razvio Imanuel Valerštajn tokom sedamdesetih godina XX veka, a u čijoj je osnovi bio pokušaj alternativnog objašnjenja dinamike istorijskog ekonomskog razvoja, u odnosu na dominantan pristup prema kome je model industrijalizacije Zapada i kapitalističkog razvoja predstavljen kao univerzalan i nereverzibilan proces. Valerštajn je ponudio objašnjenje međuzavisnosti prostora, vremena i faktora razvoja kao osnovnih elemenata za objašnjenje odnosa zavisnosti između razvijenih i nerazvijenih u svetskom sistemu, baziranog na hijerarhiji i hegemoniji centra u odnosu na periferiju i poluperiferiju, ali i objašnjenje u promeni položaja pojedinih zemalja i regiona unutar svetskog sistema. Valerštajnova teorija nudi objašnjenje zašto su pojedine zemlje i regioni razvijeni, dok ostale karakteriše nerazvijena privreda, koja je uloga ekonomije, a koja politike u tome i može li se to promeniti ako se u obzir uzme učvršćivanje odnosa zavisnosti kao ključnog strukturirajućeg faktora nerazvijenih privreda. Valerštajnov pristup prema kome se kao jedinica analize mora javiti svetski sistem, a ne pojedinačne države, dobiće u narednim decenijama u kojima dolazi do intenziviranja procesa globalizacije posebno na značaju, a time i na potvrdi. U radu će se navedene najvažnije karike Valerštajnove teorije razmotriti sa aspekta ne samo objašnjenja etapa razvoja u ekonomskoj istoriji, već i aktuelnih geopolitičkih tenzija i promena u okviru svetskog sistema, o kojima je on govorio kao o strukturnoj krizi svetskog sistema, ili kapitalističke svetske privrede, kojom se dovodi u pitanje postojeći svetski sistem uz neizvesnost da li će on biti zamenjen boljim ili lošijim sistemom, ili možda sistemima. Svakako, svet se prema Valerštajnovim navodima nalazi u procesu transformacije ili tranzicije postojećeg sistema čija je jedna od najznačajnijih karakteristika neizvesnost.
Patient Factors Associated With Reimplantation After Girdlestone Resection Arthroplasty for Treatment of Periprosthetic Joint Infections of the Hip
Authors: Okewunmi Jeffrey , Yendluri Avanish , Cordero John K. , Zubizarreta Nicole , Chen Darwin , Moucha Calin S. , Poeran Jashvant , Hayden Brett L.
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

For patients unsuitable for prosthesis reimplantation or temporary spacer placement, Girdlestone resection arthroplasty (GRA) is a suitable option to eliminate infection. Using a large-scale database, this study aims to determine factors associated with reimplantation.

Methods:

This study included patients who underwent GRA and subsequent total hip arthroplasty (2012 to 2015 Medicare Limited Data Set with ≥5-year follow-up). A mixed-effects model measured associations between patient characteristics and reimplantation. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported.

Results:

Among 2,772 GRA cases, 2,025 (73.1%) were reimplanted (median time to reimplantation 3.0 months). In multivariable analysis, patient factors associated with reduced odds of reimplantation were increased age (OR 0.96; CI, 0.94 to 0.97; P < 0.0001), Black race (OR, 0.58; CI, 0.37 to 0.90; P = 0.0149), obesity (OR, 0.74; CI, 0.58 to 0.94; P = 0.0150), and increased Deyo-Charlson comorbidities (1 comorbidity: OR, 0.78; CI, 0.61 to 0.99; P = 0.0453; two comorbidities: OR, 0.53; CI, 0.39 to 0.71; P < 0.0001; ≥3 comorbidities: OR, 0.69; CI, 0.49 to 0.95; P = 0.0244). Male (versus female) patients, however, had increased odds of reimplantation (OR, 1.64; CI, 1.32 to 2.02; P < 0.0001).

Discussion:

Age, race, and comorbidities influence the likelihood of reimplantation after GRA. Owing to variability in patients who undergo additional surgery, additional studies should be conducted to determine the rationale of patient selection.
Social Media Use by American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Members
Authors: Culp Hunter , Cieremans David , Schuett Dustin
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Social media offers physicians marketing opportunities previously unavailable. We sought to evaluate social media use and its correlation with public rankings among Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons members.

Methods:

A list of members and demographics was collected. Social media sites were reviewed for each surgeon, and a score was calculated based on active use. The US News and World Report (NWR) was used to determine rating and number of reviews. The Spearman correlation coefficient and independent samples t-test were used to measure correlation and compare means between the groups, respectively.

Results:

A total of 2436 members were analyzed. The average social media score was 4.14. The average US NWR score was 4.25. A strong correlation was observed between social media and US NWR scores (r = 0.74, P < 0.01) but not with the number of reviews (r = 0.40, P = 0.17). A strong association with US NWR rating (r = 0.74, P = 0.04) and a weak correlation with the total number of reviews (r = 0.61, P = 0.06) were found.

Conclusions:

Social media use is correlated with US NWR scores. Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons members may be underutilizing social media for the promotion of their practices. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether it affects patient volume and outcomes.
Concretes based on technogenic wastes formed during the mechanical processing of carbonate rocks
Authors: Nurymbetova Raushan , Ristavletov Rayimberdy , Suzev Nikolay , Kalshabekova Elmira , Kudabayev Ruslan
Published: September 2024

This article considers the possibility of using technogenic waste from the mechanical processing of Sastobe carbonate rocks as coarse and fine aggregates in the production of heavy concrete. X-ray diffractometric analysis CaCO3 d = (3.849-3.14-2.49-2.277-2.088-1.912-1.869 A0) and the endothermic peak in the temperature interval of 800-850°C in the differential-thermal analysis curve technogenic residues formed during mechanical processing of Sastobe carbonate rocks showed that it mainly consists of calcium carbonate. Studies have shown that fine and coarse aggregates based on carbonate rocks have a rough surface, which increases their specific surface area and ensures a strong bond with the cement stone. At the same time, technogenic waste contains 2-3% powder fraction up to 0.16 mm, this fraction serves as an active mineral mixture. As a result of research, the use of these wastes as fillers can reduce the consumption of traditional crushed stone and sand by 50% without reducing the physical and mechanical properties of concrete, replacing 50% of traditional fillers with technogenic fillers based on carbonate rocks, increasing the density of concrete (2490kg/m3), reducing its water absorption (0.66 %), strength (49.8 MPa) and frost resistance (F400) indicators made it possible to obtain concrete that is the same as the control sample and to reduce its cost without reducing the physical and mechanical properties of concrete and to improve the environmental conditions of the region.
The analysis of 15 inorganic elements across 8 components in Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San
Authors: Li Xi , Wang Xiaoxiao , Yao Yixin , Chen Jinpei , Zhang Peihua , Gao Shanshan
Published: September 2024

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; color: #0d0d0d; mso-themecolor: text1; mso-themetint: 242; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">This resarch aims to study the characteristics of fifteen inorganic elements in eight components of Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San by the ICP-MS method. An ICP-MS method is established to determine the content of 15 inorganic elements in the 8-component medicines of Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San. A characteristic profile for these 15 inorganic elements in the medicines is created. We use SIMCA-PCA to analyze the differences among the 8 components medicines, and principal component analysis (PCA) is also employed to identify the common inorganic elements responsible for the wind-dispelling and pain-relieving effects of Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Baizhi, Xixin, Jingjie, Fangfeng, and Bohe. The Student-Newman-Keuls is used to compare the differences in the common efficacy-related inorganic elements among these 7 herbs. We found that the characteristic profile of fifteen inorganic elements in the eight component medicine of Chuanxiong Cha Tiao San are strongly defined. From SIMCA-PCA, the 3D scatter plot shows a significant difference between Licorice and the other 7 herbs. By analysising the main component, it indicates that the common inorganic elements contributing to the wind-dispelling and exterior-releasing effects of Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Baizhi, Xixin, Jingjie, Fangfeng, and Bohe are Mg, K, and S. Among the 7 herbs, the differences in Mg and S were not statistically significant, while the difference in K was statistically significant. From this research, we can know that the ICP-MS method is accurate, reliable and reproducible, the difference in the inorganic element profiles among the 8 components is significant, and the common efficacy-related inorganic elements is Mg, K and S.
Analysis of inorganic elements in Vespa mandarinia Smith
Authors: Qiu Yong , Guo Yunjiao , Yang Qi , Li Zhaoyun , Yang Xinzhou
Published: September 2024

Objective: To analyze the inorganic elements of Vespula vulgaris Smith from different regions systematically, create an inorganic element fingerprint spectrum, and establish the basis to control the quality of Vespula vulgaris Smith. Methods: Microwave digestion with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was used to determine 20 types of inorganic elements in Vespula vulgaris Smith and create a fingerprint spectrum for inorganic elements, conducting analyses of metal elements. Results: The species of metal elements in Vespula vulgaris Smith are rich in P, K, Na, Mg, Ca, which account for 92.32% of the total. The content of harmful elements such as Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Cu meets the requirements of National Pharmacopoeia Standards. There are different metal elements in Vespula vulgaris Smith in different regions. According to the inorganic element spectrum, the content of inorganic elements exhibits a similar distribution tendency in the order of the atomic numbers. Conclusion: Vespula vulgaris Smith contains a rich variety of metal elements, including many beneficial microelements, and the content of harmful metal elements meets the requirements of the Pharmacopoeia. The inorganic element fingerprint spectrum of Vespula vulgaris Smith can provide a reference for the identification of Vespula vulgaris Smith.
Applied Chemical Engineering in crime laboratory
Authors: Hidalgo Priscila M.
Published: September 2024

The career of Chemical Engineering presents among the areas studied several analytical techniques in common within the laboratory field with the field of criminalistics, these techniques are used for the detection of foreign components within samples of biological and non-biological origin that alter the behavior of an individual or end with the death of the same, the results are analyzed by comparison with established patterns that allow to give a reliable interpretation to be presented to a judge. The objective of this study is to collect information to determine the areas within the criminalistic and forensic field where a chemical engineer can be of support, taking advantage of his knowledge in the different analytical techniques and helping in the interpretation of the results of these, thus allowing to contribute to the legal procedures that are carried out in the cases presented before the law.
Utilization of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in forensic toxicology analysis
Authors: Cui Wanying , Yu Zhongshan , Chang Jing , Zhao Peng , Wang Aihua , Wu Xiaojun , Li Jiayi , Zhang Yunfeng
Published: September 2024

Ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) is a technique that allows for the analysis of target analytes in samples at atmospheric pressure with minimal or no sample preparation. Its advantages, including simplicity, speed, non-destructiveness, and broad applicability, make it highly useful in forensic toxicological analysis. This article provides an overview of the ambient ionization (AI) technique, categorizes samples into two types—in vivo and in vitro test materials—and summarizes AIMS applications in poison analysis across various sample types. It also explores future directions for AIMS in forensic toxicology.
Preparation of gold nanoparticles and their use in detecting mercury ions
Authors: Wang Baodui , Li Tianrong , Hai Jun , Liang Yongmin , Yang Zhengyin
Published: September 2024

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) were prepared by reducing HAuCl4 with sodium citrate. The sensitivity and selectivity of the gold amalgam catalytic degradation system for rhodamine B (RhB) in mercury detection were assessed using fluorescence and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. This experiment aims to stimulate students' interest in scientific research and foster their exploratory spirit. It also enhances their comprehensive experimental skills and initiative, deepens their understanding and application of nanoparticle preparation, characterization, catalytic reactions, and metal ion analysis methods, and cultivates their innovative thinking and scientific mindset.
Assessing fibrous fractions in feedstuffs: A review of analytical techniques
Authors: A.N.A Anjos , C.R. Viegas , R.S. Gomes , J.C.C Almeida
Published: September 2024

This review examines key analytical methods for determining the nutritional value of forage and feedstuffs, focusing on the fibrous fraction's variability and its impact on animal nutrition. Traditional and modern techniques, including the widely used detergent system and enzymatic-gravimetric methods, are evaluated for their accuracy, reproducibility, and practicality. Despite improvements, challenges remain due to methodological variations and the high costs of advanced techniques. The review highlights the need for further research to enhance analytical methods, ensuring precise estimation of cell wall constituents for optimal diet formulation in animal production.
Determination of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in shellfish by HPLC-VWD/FLD
Authors: Yang Dandan , Han Feng , Shi Yongfu , Huang Xuanyun , Huang Dongmei , Cai Youqiong
Published: September 2024

A method has been developed to analyze 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in shellfish samples. The procedure involves ultrasonic extraction, separation using florisil and MIP-PAHs columns, concentration through vacuum evaporation and nitrogen blowing, and detection via HPLC-VWD/FLD. The pre-treatment method was optimized, and at spiked levels of 0.5, 1.5, and 2 μg/kg, the average recoveries of the 16 PAHs ranged from 58.1% to 89.6%, 60.6% to 88.1%, and 72.3% to 98.0%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.23% to 11%, 1.3% to 13%, and 1.5% to 14%, respectively, in Mytilus coruscus. The detection limit for the PAHs was 0.5 μg/kg. This method was also applied to analyze 16 PAHs in Ostrea gigas, Meretrix meretrix, and Sinonovacula constricta.
Quantification of chlorpyrifos in aqueous samples by liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography using a µ-ecd detector
Authors: Reyes Tatiana Garrido , Escobar Nicol Campos , Crisosto Jorge Mendoza
Published: September 2024

The evaluation of contaminants present in the environment is a recurring theme at the international level, which is why it is imperative to develop new methodologies for the extraction of analytes from matrices such as surface water, with a low impact on the environment. Chlorpyrifos (CP) is an organophosphate compound widely used for pest control, toxic to living organisms, which can be mobilized from soils to different water sources. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) can be considered as a methodology with green analytical chemistry characteristics, due to its low solvent and time consumption. The objective of this work was to optimize DLLME for the analysis of CP in water samples. For the extraction, methanol was used as dispersing agent and CS2 as extracting agent, and five extraction times were evaluated: 5, 10, 15, 15, 20 and 25 min. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with electron microcapture detector (GC-μECD). The results of the shaking time evaluation showed that, for the shaking times of 10 and 15 min, a CP recovery percentage of 108% and 88% was obtained, respectively, with a detection and quantification limit of 18.3 and 22.4 μg/L, respectively, and a precision expressed as relative standard deviation of less than 14.2%, which is acceptable for this type of extraction. It can be concluded that the DLLME methodology associated with GC-μECD is a suitable alternative for the quantification of CP in aqueous matrices with a low environmental impact.
Bisphenol-A: quantification in the urine of pregnant women by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Cases Gabriel Guillermo , Uicich Raul Eduardo , Gambarte Paula Kandel , Vázquez Marcela Liliam , Moix Claudio Fernando , Ferloni Analía , Vidal Flavia Alejandra , Otaño Lucas , Figar Silvana , Aragone Soledad , Giménez María Isabel
Published: September 2024

The use of bisphenol-A (BPA) in global industry has been increasing in recent years, with emerging markets driving this growing demand. BPA applications in the food and beverage industry account for only 3% to 4% of global polycarbonate consumption, but its use is being re-examined as several scientific papers have come to light indicating a direct link between BPA and adverse health effects. Contamination of food and beverages occurs by migration of BPA from the containers that contain it (canned foods, wines, etc.), and is the main source of human exposure. To evaluate such exposure, an analytical method by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the quantification of total BPA in urine of pregnant women attended at the Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires in 2013, with a limit of quantification of 2.0 ng/mL and a limit of detection of 0.8 ng/mL. Of the 149 urine samples analyzed, 66.4% were quantifiable, with the median total BPA of 4.8 ng/mL (4.3 ng/mg creatinine) and the geometric mean of 4.8 ng/mL (4.7 ng/mg creatinine).
Mensuration of natural vitamin A in fish liver using liquid chromatography
Authors: Huang Wenting , Cao Wenhong , Zhang Chaohua , Qin Xiaoming , Gao Jialong , Zheng Huina
Published: September 2024

To mensurate the content of vitamin A (vitamin A1, vitamin A2) in fish liver accurately, methods of sample pretreatment (including water bath saponification, room temperature saponification, and direct extraction) and detection methods (including normal phase chromatography and reversed phase chromatography) were screened and applied to the mensuration of vitamin A in the liver of 9 economic fish species. The results revealed that by reversed phase chromatography vitamin A1 and vitamin A2 were effectively divided, and showed good linear relationship within their respective linear ranges (R2 > 0.99).The content of vitamin A extracted by water bath saponification was distinctly higher than the contentof Vitamin A by room temperature saponification and direct extraction (p < 0.05). Its average recovery rates of vitamin A1 and vitamin A2 were respectively 104.52% and 90.94%. The total content of vitamin A in the livers of other freshwater fishes and marine fishes except for the freshwater snakehead and big mouth bass was more than 200 μg/100 g, and the total content of vitamin A in the liver of marine giant grouper is 14,413.78 μg/100 g, among the result was the highest. The water bath saponification method with reversed phase chromatography has good precision and is suitable for the mensuration of vitamin A in fish liver.
Single Sample per Class Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Aljarrah Inad , Ebrahim Maad
Published: September 2024

Recently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have shown a great significance in the field of computer vision and image recognition. However, they have two major difficulties to be addressed. The first one is the need to have too many samples per class for training. It is not always an easy task to have a huge number of labelled samples per class for every problem; actually, in some cases only one sample per class is all what is available. The second difficulty is the enormous computational power needed to perform the training task. In this paper, an experimental study of how to handle problems where the data available provides only one sample per class is carried out. The implemented technique utilizes proper data augmentation in solving the aforementioned problems. A database of the world countries flags with one flag sample per country is used to start with. One sample per class is the worst case for CNN training, but the proposed approach helps in enhancing the accuracy from being unfeasible at the beginning of training to above 99% of validation accuracy when the technique is applied. Promising results have been achieved without the need for a very deep CNN. Also, the findings reveal that the utilized type of data augmentation technique must be carefully selected for each application to avoid over-fitting while obtaining the best validation accuracy. As a solution, an adequate selection of different augmentation options is tried out to improve the network ability to generalize well to new testing samples.
APOIO PARA ACAMADOS EM PVC: TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA DE FÁCIL REPLICAÇÃO
Authors: Severino Ana Beatriz , Finhana Eleandro , Pengo Marcia Maria Shirley Boletti , Ventura Flávio Cardoso
Published: September 2024

Com o avanço da medicina e da tecnologia é muito importante estar atento às necessidades dos pacientes para preservar o bem-estar e a saúde deles, principalmente, aqueles que estão acamados. Normalmente, os pacientes acamados por algum motivo acabam sofrendo na hora de se locomover, até mesmo por ficarem muito tempo na mesma posição acabam sentindo mais dores. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar o processo de criação de um apoio para acamados, utilizando tubos de Policloreto de polivinila (PVC) como matéria-prima principal. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa experimental de caráter exploratório, por meio de um estudo de caso. Foi realizada uma parceria entre a Fatec Jahu e um hospital oncológico da Cidade de Jaú, Estado de São Paulo, entre as etapas metodológicas destacam-se as seguintes: visita técnica; análise dos produtos similares; entrevista semiestruturada com a terapeuta ocupacional do referido hospital, prototipagem e testes. Confeccionou-se um protótipo em PVC, o produto foi testado por 2 meses na área de cuidados paliativos dentro do próprio hospital. Os resultados foram satisfatórios segundo a Terapeuta Ocupacional (TO) do hospital participante de pesquisa.
CRIAÇÃO DE PADRÃO DE INSPEÇÃO PARA EQUIPAMENTOS DA PRODUÇÃO DE CALÇADOS EM REALIDADE AUMENTADA (RA)
Authors: Tricanico Maria Natalia Botelho , Dos Santos Gabriel Rossi , Bonifácio Marcos Antônio
Published: September 2024

A Realidade Aumentada (RA) vem tomando cada vez mais espaço das discussões no contexto industrial, podendo se tornar uma opção de apoio para diversas ações no contexto estratégico das empresas, neste artigo se propõe sua utilização em conjunto com ferramenta de Manutenção Autônoma (MA) como forma de estimular empresas na utilização dos operadores em atividades de inspeção (sensitiva) e conservação/limpeza dos equipamentos que operam, que é a proposta de base da MA. O trabalho partiu de padrões técnicos de inspeção já elaborados para serem executados por operadores não técnicos de manutenção, que operassem máquinas de Pesponto LanMax ou Balancim Ponte Rapid 27 e 28. Embora inúmeros aplicativos e softwares possam ser utilizados para a criação da RA, neste artigo foi testada a solução Ecostruxure Augmented Operator Advisor da empresa Schneider Electric, com a utilização de uma licença para o uso na versão “Trial” ou testes, gratuita. Ao final foi possível replicar os padrões de inspeção dos equipamentos para serem realizados em RA, descrevendo as etapas para sua criação e os testes em laboratório realizados, o que permitiu, que considerações pudessem ser feitas para ajustes e preparativos para novos testes, mas em campo. Com resultados espera-se avançar na disponibilização de um modelo que poderá beneficiar as empresas do Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) de Calçados Femininos de Jahu/SP.
Large-scale simulations of interactions between wind storms and bark beetle outbreaks.
Authors:   , Jeong Jina
Published: September 2024

Forests play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity, regulating the climate, and providing essential ecosystem services. However, they are increasingly vulnerable to natural disturbances such as windstorms, insect outbreaks, fires, and droughts, which are exacerbated by climate change. These disturbances are often interconnected, with one event triggering or amplifying another, leading to complex consequences for forest ecosystems. Understanding and predicting these interactions is vital for assessing the resilience of forests and their future role in the global carbon cycle. This thesis focuses on modeling the interactions between two major disturbances: windstorms and bark beetle outbreaks. It provides an preliminary evaluation of these interactions and proposes practical improvements for more refined assessments over both the short and long term. Using the ORCHIDEE land surface model, the study simulates how these disturbances interact and affect forest dynamics on a large scale. By incorporating bark beetle outbreaks into the model, the study demonstrates its potential to provide new insights into how bark beetle populations respond to changing climatic conditions, such as temperature and drought, and how these outbreaks interact with wind-damaged trees. It shows that disturbances can alter forest carbon dynamics, particularly in areas prone to multiple stressors. However, modeling these processes remains challenging due to uncertainties in climate data, forest structure, and disturbance feedbacks. The findings highlight the importance of improving models to better predict the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems. More accurate simulations of disturbance interactions will enhance our ability to forecast forest resilience and contribute to more effective forest management strategies in the face of escalating environmental changes.
Impact of Natural Polysaccharides Based Edible Coatings on Postharvest Physiology and Bioburden of Lycopersicon Esculentum
Authors: Hina Qaiser  , Mehlil Khalid  , Farah Noreen
Published: September 2024

Edible coatings are a promising postharvest quality management treatment for shelf-life enhancement and marketability of the agriculture products. This study aims to evaluate the effects of polysaccharide based edible coatings on the mean life of un-ripened tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum). Fruits were treated with three different edible coatings Aloe vera gel (T1), tragacanth gum (T2) and Aloe vera gel-tragacanth gum (T3) for postharvest preservation and the mean life was analyzed at 20ͦ C. They were then examined for various physiological, physiochemical and microbiological changes. The results revealed that all the applied formulations could retard the metabolic processes involved in tomato ripening. However, the combined effects of Aloe vera gel and tragacanth gum (T3) were most successful in positively maintaining the tomatoes since the fruits in this category recorded comparatively superior results for most of the analyzed parameters. They reached full maturity in 45 days compared to the control set which ripened in 14 days. This treatment led to a substantial postponement in weight loss, disease incidence, microbial growth and ripening index of tomatoes. A significant difference was observed in rate of color change among treated and untreated samples (P <0.05). For decay assessment, Uncoated samples decayed after 4 weeks while coated samples (T-3 tomatoes) remained healthy for 60 days. For weight loss assessment, the samples receiving treatments T1, T2, and T3 showed 16.23%, 14.45%, and 10.23 % weight loss at 20°C respectively. Thus, storage life and safety of tomatoes can be extended using Aloe vera-tragacanth gum based edible coating which has the potential to be used as natural preservative.
Ganoderma curtisii, Firstly Reported from Districts Lahore and Gujranwala of Punjab Province, Pakistan
Authors: Saeedullah Sadaf , Nawaz Maryam , Yousaf Nousheen , Rukhsar Saliha , Malhi Khadija , Hanif Muhammad
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT: The current study presents a Ganoderma sp., as a new record from three different localities of districts Lahore and Gujranwala of Punjab province, Pakistan. Based on morpho-anatomical characteristics, collected specimens were identified as Ganoderma curtisii. The macroscopic and microscopic features of G. curtisii include; semicircular to kidney shaped laccate pileus that is beautifully lacquered, duplex context, resinous bands, no concentric growth zones, pore surface white to cream brown and sub circular to circular pores, stipe lateral making an angle with the pileus (45-90 degrees), basidiospores 11.4 × 5.7 µm, ellipsoidal with the hyaline vesicular appendix double walled, trimitic hyphal system and club shaped cutis. The detailed study of different Ganoderma species from the published literature and comparisons with those species confirmed the identity of our specimen as G. curtisii. In this article, taxonomic descriptions, micrographs and illustrations elaborate the morphological and anatomical characters of Ganoderma curtisii, a distribution map of this species across Pakistan and a comparison table of morphoanatomical characteristics of Ganoderma curtisii reported from neighbouring countries is given. Conduction of molecular studies, investigation of ecological roles, development of conservational strategies, and exploration of biotechnological exploration are future perspectives for this taxon.
Bioactivity of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Acacia nilotica and Eucalyptus camaldulensis, against Coptotermes heimi
Authors: Qurat-ul-Ain  , Aihetasham Ayesha
Published: September 2024

Termite infestation poses a significant threat to structural integrity and agricultural productivity worldwide. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Acacia nilotica and Eucalyptus camaldulensis against Coptotermes heimi, focusing on mortality and repellency. The ethanoloic leaf extract of E. camaldulensis showed mortality of 79.33% at 30% concentration while A. nilotica at 30% of concentration revealed a mortality of 74.66%.  The LC50 value of E. camaldulensis was 7.70% while that of A. nilotica was 13.03%. Both plants were found repellent against C. heimi, but A. nilotica was non-repellent at 10% concentration. Additionally, an analysis of Gas-Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) was performed to identify and quantify the chemical constituents present in the plant extracts. The GC/MS analysis of E. camaldulensis revealed an important compound Eucalyptol, which has the highest percentage composition of 57.81 % while GC/MS of A. nilotica contains a high concentration of γ-Sitosterol along with Vitamin E and Behenic-alcohol. This study underscores the potential of A. nilotica and E. camaldulensis leaf extracts as ecofriendly alternatives for termite control.
ANÁLISE TEMPORAL DA INCIDÊNCIA DE SRAG EM CRIANÇAS DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Silva Luís Claudio Montes , Silva Marquisson Afonso Oliveira da , Mattei Marielba Borgonha Querino , Pereira Gabriel Rezende Abrahão , Carvalho Ludymilla Ferreira de , Godoy Eduarda Teixeira de , Pimenta Leonardo Victor Menezes
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Este estudo visa analisar a relação entre a vacinação infantil contra COVID-19 e a prevalência de síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) em crianças de até 12 anos atendidas pelo Hospital Regional de Taguatinga (HRT) no período de 2020 a 2023. Método: Estudo descritivo retrospectivo baseado em dados de notificação compulsória de SRAG em até 24 horas realizados pelo HRT, fornecidos pela Gerência de Vigilância das Doenças Imunopreveníveis e de Transmissão Hídrica e Alimentar (GEVITHA). Os dados incluem informações sobre idade, sexo, status de vacinação, comorbidades e desfechos clínicos. A análise estatística incluiu testes qui-quadrado para avaliar a associação entre a vacinação e a prevalência de SRAG e regressão logística para modelar a relação entre os fatores de risco e a incidência de SRAG, utilizando Excel e SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Resultados: Os resultados indicam um aumento significativo nos casos de SRAG entre crianças vacinadas a partir de 2022. O teste qui-quadrado revelou uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a vacinação e a incidência de SRAG (p < 0.001). No entanto, a maioria dos casos de SRAG ainda ocorre em crianças não vacinadas. Conclusão: Embora haja um aumento nos casos de SRAG entre crianças vacinadas após o início da vacinação, a análise sugere que esse aumento pode estar relacionado a uma maior cobertura vacinal e a fatores epidemiológicos adicionais. A vacinação permanece uma ferramenta crucial na prevenção de formas graves de COVID-19 e os achados reforçam a necessidade de monitoramento contínuo e estudos adicionais para compreender plenamente essa relação.
EM BUSCA DA EFICIÊNCIA: DESEMPENHO DE INDICADORES MATERNO INFANTIS EM CONTEXTOS LOCAIS
Authors: Simões Larissa da Silva , Rodrigues Andreza Pereira , Marinho Gerson Luiz , Teixeira Luiz Antonio da Silva
Published: September 2024

As regiões apresentam grau de implantação distintos da Rede Cegonha. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar três grupos de indicadores da Rede Cegonha a partir da Portaria nº 1.459, de 24 de junho de 2011, em um município de médio porte do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de análise documental e estatística descritiva com recorte temporal de 2013-2021. Utilizou-se como fontes os sistemas de informação, sites e documentos públicos do município e estado. As análises apontam que o município possui alta incidência de sífilis congênita, e taxa de óbito neonatal maior que a de pós-natal. Após 2016 houve uma queda na proporção da prematuridade apresentando valores em torno de 10%. A razão de morte materna teve maior valor no período pandêmico. Além disso, a maior parte dos nascidos vivos foram de pré-natal com mais de 7 consultas. A taxa de cesariana no município foi acima de 48% em todo período analisado. Por fim, em relação à capacidade hospitalar pública, os leitos para Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e Unidade são inadequados. Conclui-se que os indicadores analisados estão aquém das metas propostas e devem ser incorporadas melhorias. Este estudo aponta a importância de analisar a atenção materno-infantil em municípios de médio porte.
AUTO EXTERMÍNIO POR INGESTÃO DE PERÓXIDO DE HIDROGÊNIO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Machado Lucas Henrique de Carvalho , Dias Mariana Nunes Lima , Calomeni Guilherme Delfino
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O peróxido de hidrogênio é amplamente utilizado no ambiente doméstico, mas sua ingestão acidental ou intencional pode causar graves lesões gastrointestinais. Este estudo aborda o caso de um paciente que ingeriu peróxido de hidrogênio em tentativa de autoextermínio, destacando as condutas adotadas e as complicações subsequentes. Objetivo: Relatar o manejo clínico de um paciente que ingeriu peróxido de hidrogênio com finalidade suicida, contribuindo para o aprimoramento de condutas médicas em casos semelhantes. Métodos: A análise foi realizada a partir de dados extraídos do prontuário do paciente, complementada por uma revisão da literatura sobre os efeitos da ingestão de peróxido de hidrogênio e as melhores práticas de tratamento. Autorização foi obtida tanto da instituição quanto da família. Relato de Caso: Paciente masculino, 58 anos, foi admitido em estado grave após ingestão de peróxido de hidrogênio. Inicialmente, o paciente foi submetido à intubação orotraqueal e tratamento intensivo. Endoscopia digestiva posterior revelou lesões esofágicas graves e estenose inflamatória. Após evolução clínica inicial positiva, o paciente foi readmitido com broncopneumonia aspirativa e faleceu por sepse pulmonar. Discussão: A ingestão de peróxido de hidrogênio é uma emergência médica crítica. Dependendo da concentração, o composto pode causar desde irritações leves até lesões fatais no trato gastrointestinal. A endoscopia precoce é fundamental para avaliação das lesões, e a classificação de Zargar auxilia no prognóstico e tratamento. Apesar das intervenções, o caso teve desfecho desfavorável, ressaltando a importância de protocolos específicos para tais ocorrências.
SIMULAÇÕES NUMÉRICAS COM A TÉCNICA PGD E O MÉTODO DE GALERKIN DESCONTÍNUO
Authors: Schuh Luciane Inês Assmann , Mozolevski Igor
Published: September 2024

Devido ao crescente avanço no desenvolvimento de métodos computacionais para modelar os mais diversos fenômenos, a simulação numérica vem se tornando uma ferramenta cada vez mais presente na engenharia para previsões, análise e melhor compreensão dos fenômenos físicos, bem como para tomada de decisões. Isto permite lidar com problemas complexos de multiescalas ou multiparâmetros, que necessitam da modelagem com características cada vez mais próximas do mundo real. Ferramentas computacionais tradicionais tem limitações para lidar com problemas multidimensionais complexos com vários parâmetros, pois demandam um alto custo computacional para processamento e armazenamento, uma vez que o número de graus de liberdade cresce exponencialmente com o aumento da dimensão do problema modelado. Nesse contexto, torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de técnicas que visam reduzir a complexidade desses modelos. A técnica PGD (do inglês Proper Generalized Decomposition) é um método de redução que consiste em construir aproximações numéricas por meio de uma estratégia de enriquecimento sucessivo, baseada no conceito de separação de variáveis, o que permite lidar com problemas multidimensionais sem lidar com as limitações de dimensionalidade impostas por métodos clássicos, pois o número de graus de liberdade cresce linearmente com o número de dimensão do problema. Mas o principal diferencial desta técnica é a possibilidade de adicionar parâmetros do modelo como coordenadas extras do modelo. Neste trabalho ilustramos a aplicação do método PGD em conjunto com o método de Galerkin Descontínuo com penalização interior para um problema parabólico. Apresentamos resultados numéricos que ilustram a precisão e convergência do método, bem como seu potencial em resolver problemas multidimensionais complexos.