bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BƯỚC ĐẦU ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ CẤY MÁY TẠO NHỊP VĨNH VIỄN HAI BUỒNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN RỐI LOẠN NHỊP TIM CHẬM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA HÀ TĨNH
Authors: Văn Dũng Lê , Chí Hướng Lê , Hữu Đà Phạm , CS Và
Published: October 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả kỹ thuật cấy máy tạo nhịp tim vĩnh viễn (MTNTVV) 2 buồng. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu thuần tập tiến cứu trên 47 Bệnh nhânđược chẩn đoán các bệnh RLNT chậm có chỉ định cấy MTNTVV hai buồng được tiền hành cấy máy hai buồng nhĩ tphair và thất phải dưới màn tăng sáng tại bệnh viện đa khoa tỉnh Hà Tĩnh từ tháng 7/2017 - 4/2019. Kết quả: 47 bệnh nhân với 30 nam và 17 nữ, tuổi trung bình 61,4 ± 11,9. Các bệnh lý chỉ định cấy máy tạo nhịp tim vĩnh viễn 2 buồng: Block nhĩ thất cấp 2, cấp 3 chiếm tỉ lệ 42,6%; hội chứng suy nút xoang chiếm tỉ lệ 57,5%. Ngưỡng kích thích trung bình của điện cực tiểu nhĩ phải 0,9 ± 0,2 V; của điện cực thất phải 0,5 ± 0,2 V. Phân suất tống máu thất trái EF sau cấy máy 3 tháng trung bình đo được là 57,3 ± 8,5. Không có bệnh nhân nào có biến chứng như tràn máu màng ngoài tim, nhiễm trùng túi máy, sút dây điện cực. Kết luận: Kỹ thuật cấy MTNTVV 2 buồng là một phương pháp an toàn, hiệu quả, với tỉ lệ thành công cao vàbiến chứng thấp. Khi thực hiện thành công ở tuyến tỉnh, góp phần giảm tải cho các bệnh viện ở tuyến trên.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, ĐIỆN SINH LÝ THẦN KINH CƠ TRONG TỔN THƯƠNG THẦN KINH HÔNG TO VÀ CÁC NHÁNH DO CHẤN THƯƠNG
Authors: Văn Duy Ngô , Anh Tuấn Nguyễn
Published: October 2021

Mục đích: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng , điện sinh lý thần kinh cơ, đánh giá tỷ lệ, mức độ tổn thương  của bệnh nhân tổn thương thần kinh hông to do chấn thương. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 62 trường hợp có tổn thương thần kinh hông to và các nhánh do chấn thương  đến khám và làm điện sinh lý thần kinh cơ tại bệnh viện Việt Đức từ tháng 7/2020 đến tháng 7/2021. Kết quả: Tổn thương tại khớp gối chiếm 45,2%, 54,8% số ca có tổn thương dây thần kinh mác chung, 64,5% số ca có tổn thương hoàn toàn. Tỷ lệ có hoạt động điện tự phát là 95,2%. Kết luận: Triệu chứng lâm sàng và điện sinh lý thần kinh cơ trong tổn thương dây thần kinh hông to và các nhánh do tổn thương là rất đa dạng phụ thuộc vào vị trí, thời gian và hình thái tổn thương.
TÁC DỤNG CẢI THIỆN RỐI LOẠN TIỂU TIỆN CỦA VIÊN NÉN ÍCH NIỆU KHANG TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN CÓ HỘI CHỨNG BÀNG QUANG TĂNG HOẠT NGUYÊN PHÁT (OAB)
Authors: Thị Hải Yến Đỗ , Minh Hoàn Vũ , Thị Hải Vân Trần
Published: October 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tác dụng cải thiện rối loạn tiểu tiện của viên nén Ích Niệu Khang trên bệnh nhân có hội chứng bàng quang tăng hoạt nguyên phát (OAB). Đối tượng và phương pháp: Can thiệp lâm sàng, so sánh trước sau điều trị trên 50 bệnh nhân có hội chứng bàng quang tăng hoạt nguyên phát. Kết quả: Sau điều trị, tất cả các triệu chứng cơ năng đều có sự cải thiện cụ thể là: số lần tiểu tiểu gấp giảm từ 7.67 ± 5.00 xuống 5.82 ± 3.70, số lần đi tiểu ban ngày giảm từ 9.96 ± 4.04 xuống 8.00 ± 3.70, số lần đi tiểu ban đêm giảm từ 4.06 ± 1.53 xuống 1.14 ± 0.94, số lần tiểu són trong tuần giảm từ 0.92 ± 1.56 xuống 0.60 ± 1.02 (p<0.05). Điểm OABSS Homma giảm từ 9.31 ± 1.44 xuống 6.8 ± 2.21 (p < 0.05). Điểm chất lượng cuộc sống QoL giảm từ  4.41 ± 0.54 xuống 4.00 ± 0.72 (p > 0.05). Kết luận: Viên nén Ích Niệu Khang có tác dụng cải thiện rối loạn tiểu tiện trên bệnh nhân có hội chứng bàng quang tăng hoạt nguyên phát.
TÁCH LỚP LIPID MẪU CHUẨN TRONG DUNG DỊCH CÓ NỒNG ĐỘ MUỐI CAO BẰNG SẮC KÝ LỚP MỎNG VÀ CHIẾT PHA RẮN
Authors: Minh Việt Trịnh , Quốc Chiến Nguyễn , Tuấn Mến Đỗ
Published: October 2021

Các quy trình TLC, SPE đã công bố có thể tách tốt các phân lớp lipid từ mẫu sinh học trong tự nhiên như (lipid trong thực phẩm, lipid trong huyết thanh người…). Chúng tôi, đã ứng dụng phân tích lipid trong dung dịch có nồng độ muối kiềm cao (DDM: dung dịch bảo quản mô sinh học), bằng các quy trình TLC, SPE này; tuy nhiên quy trình SPE theo Kaluzny và Agren không lặp lại được đối với mẫu lipid chiết từ DDM, chưa thu được kết quả như tác giả công bố; Các kết quả TLC thu được phù hợp với một số công bố đã được chấp nhận rộng rãi, song rất khó nhận diện cholesterol với DG trong kết quả phân tích mẫu hỗn hợp. Đây rõ ràng là điểm hạn chế nếu thành phần đích là DG và cholesterol. Qua khảo sát, Chúng đã cải tiến TLC (Viện 69) một bước với hỗn hợp dung môi B (C6-DEE-methanol-acid acetic; 90:20:3:2) do đơn giản và tách khá tốt các lớp lipid chuẩn đơn cũng như hỗn hợp. Trường hợp cần tách thêm các thành phần MG, DG có thể khai triển thêm một bước với hỗn hợp chứa dung môi phân cực, chẳng hạn chúng tôi đã thu được kết quả có cải thiện khi khai triển thêm một bước bằng C6-DEE-aceton (60:40:5) đến 12 cm. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả tách thành phần lipid trong dung dịch muối kiềm  bằng phương pháp chiết pha rắn và sắc ký lớp mỏng, lựa chọn, tối ưu quy trình ứng dụng phân tích lipid trong dung dịch muối. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Tiến hành trên 6 mẫu chuẩn lipid gồm: FFA (C12:0 - C22:0; Sigma); các acyl glycerol gắn từ 1 đến 3 acid béo (C14:0 - C18:0) (Sigma); hỗn hợp 37 FAMEs (Supelco), hỗn hợp phospholipid PL gồm PC và PE; 6 mẫu lipid chuẩn, 6 mẫu lipid mô mỡ bảo quản trong dung dịch muối (DDM) được thực hiện lặp lại n=6 cho mỗi mẫu. Quy trình TLC sửa đổi tại Viện 69. Phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu trong thực nghiệm. Kết quả: Với phương pháp của Viện 69 cho kết quả ổn định, độ lặp lại cao và tách tốt các lớp lipip : Phospholipid; monoglycerid; diglycerid; cholesterol; acid béo tự do; triglycerid; cholesterol esthercó Rf lần lượt là : 0; (0,0 - 0,03); (0,11 - 0,28); (0,12 - 0,20); (0,33 - 0,52); (0,66 - 0,75); (0,80 - 0,90). Các lớp lipid từ bản TLC cũng thu lại được khá đơn giản cho phân tích tiếp. Cho phép áp dụng tốt để tách lớp các lipid trong DDM tại Viện 69. Kết luận: Ứng dụng phương pháp TLC sửa đổi tại Viện 69 có thể tách các lớp lipid hòa tan trong DDM một cách hiệu quả, đây là một bước quan trọng trong chuẩn bị mẫu cho các phân tích lipid chuyên sâu bằng sắc ký khí, sắc ký lỏng hiệu năng cao
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHỤC HỒI CHỨC NĂNG VẬN ĐỘNG CHI TRÊN Ở BỆNH NHÂN LIỆT NỬA NGƯỜI DO NHỒI MÁU NÃO BẰNG GĂNG TAY ROBOT GLOREHA
Authors: Huy Cường Lê , Văn Minh Phạm
Published: October 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phục hồi chức năng vận động chi trên ở bệnh nhân liệt nửa người do nhồi máu não bằng Găng tay robot Gloreha tại Bệnh viện Điều dưỡng Phục hồi chức năng Trung Ương năm 2020 - 2021. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng trên 32 bệnh nhân liệt nửa người do nhồi máu não bằng chương trình găng tay robot Gloreha. Đánh giá kết quả phục hồi chức năng chi trên sau 3 tuần và 6 tuần bằng chỉ số chức năng chi trên Fulg Meyer Arm Test và thang điểm vận động bàn tay HMS. Kết quả: Nhồi máu não gặp ở người cao tuổi >60 tuổi chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (56,2%), không có sự chênh lệch đáng kể giữa hai nhóm bệnh nhân có rối loạn cảm giác và không có rối loạn cảm giác, tỷ lệ bệnh  nhân có mức vận động khá và tốt sau 3 tuần và sau 6 tuần tăng rõ rệt, khác biệt có nghĩa thống kê sau 6 tuần (p< 0,05). Kết luận: Phục hồi chức năng vận động bàn tay bằng găng tay robot có kết quả tốt sau 6 tuần điều trị.
The role of management accounting practices in the success of Small and Medium-sized enterprises in Durban
Authors:   , Cele Sicelo
Published: October 2021

The sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in South Africa is important, mainly because of their contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country as a whole. Nonetheless, the high rate of SME failure in South Africa is largely attributable to lack of management skills by owners and managers of these SMEs. This study investigated the role of management accounting practices in the success of SMEs in Durban. The objectives were to identify the types of management accounting practices used in SMEs, to examine factors that affect the use of management accounting practices by SMEs, to examine the extent to which management accounting practices are used by SMEs and to examine the impact of management accounting practices in SMEs’ success. A quantitative approach was adopted in a form of self-administered questionnaires which were mailed to respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to summarise the opinions of the respondents from the data collected. The findings were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The findings of the study indicate that although the management accounting practices were not often used, the most used costing system was traditional costing as well as process costing. In terms of the decision support and investment appraisal tools, the most used tool was the accounting rate of return followed by the payback method and relevant cost and revenues. Planning and control techniques such as the sales budget and production costing were also used by SMEs in Durban. Factors that affect the use of management accounting practices are the lack of management accounting knowledge, lack of education and skills and the cost to employ management accountants. Management accounting practices were found to have a positive relationship with planning and performance. Challenges faced by SMEs are financial challenges, human resource challenges as well as technological challenges. The study recommended that SMEs’ owners and managers should attend management accounting training, employ management accountants or outsource the management accounting function. Implementing management accounting practices by SMEs may improve their business management in terms of cost controls and decision-making
Frequent new particle formation at remote sites in the temperate/boreal forest of North America
Authors: Andreae Meinrat O. , Andreae Tracey W. , Ditas Florian
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The frequency and intensity of new particle formation (NPF) over remote forest regions in the temperate and boreal zones, and thus the importance of NPF for the aerosol budget and life cycle in the pristine atmosphere, remains controversial. Whereas NPF has been shown to occur relatively frequently at several sites in Scandinavia, it was found to be nearly absent at a mid-continental site in Siberia. To explore this issue further, we made measurements of aerosol size distributions between 10 and 420 nm diameter at two remote sites in the transition region between temperate and boreal forest in British Columbia, Canada. The measurements covered 23 days during the month of June 2019, at the time when NPF typically reaches its seasonal maximum in remote mid-latitude regions. These are the first such measurements in a near-pristine region on the North American continent. Although the sites were only 150 km apart, there were dramatic differences in NPF frequency and intensity between them. At the Eagle Lake site, NPF occurred daily and nucleation mode particle concentrations reached above 5000 cm−3. In contrast, at the Nazko River site, there were only 6 NPF events in 11 days and nucleation mode particle concentrations reached only about 800 cm−3. The reasons for this difference could not be conclusively resolved with the available data; they may include airmass origins, pre-existing aerosols, and the density and type of forest cover in the surrounding regions. Our results suggest that measurement campaigns in the remote forest regions of North America to investigate the role of NPF with a more comprehensive set of instrumentation are essential for a deeper scientific understanding of this important process.
Technical note: Pyrolysis principles explain time-resolved organic aerosol release from biomass burning
Authors: Fawaz Mariam , Avery Anita , Onasch Timothy B. , Williams Leah R. , Bond Tami C.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Emission of organic aerosol (OA) from wood combustion is not well constrained;
understanding the governing factors of OA emissions would aid in explaining
the reported variability. Pyrolysis of the wood during combustion is the
process that produces and releases OA precursors. We performed controlled
pyrolysis experiments at representative combustion conditions. The conditions
changed were the temperature, wood length, wood moisture content, and wood
type. The mass loss of the wood, the particle concentrations, and light-gas
concentrations were measured continuously. The experiments were repeatable as
shown by a single experiment, performed nine times, in which the real-time
particle concentration varied by a maximum of 20 %. Higher
temperatures increased the mass loss rate and the released concentration of
gases and particles. Large wood size had a lower yield of particles than the
small size because of higher mass transfer resistance. Reactions outside the
wood became important between 500 and 600 ∘C. Elevated
moisture content reduced product formation because heat received was shared
between pyrolysis reactions and moisture evaporation. The thermophysical
properties, especially the thermal diffusivity, of wood controlled the
difference in the mass loss rate and emission among seven wood types. This
work demonstrates that OA emission from wood pyrolysis is a deterministic
process that depends on transport phenomena.
Pandemic Minecrafting: an analysis of the perceptions of and lessons learned from a gamified virtual geology field camp
Authors: Rader Erika , Love Renee , Reano Darryl , Dousay Tonia A. , Wingerter Natasha
Published: October 2021

Abstract. To mimic the 3D geospatial components of geologic mapping usually
spotlighted by field camp, we developed a virtual course based in the
sandbox video game Minecraft. Paired with audio/video conferencing and real
data, students practiced measuring strike and dip, orienteering with a
compass, matching landscape features with topographic maps, and tracing
geologic contacts within the team structure typically employed in field
camp. Open-source programs and tutorials freely available online assisted
with constructing the Minecraft worlds. Assignments were aligned to the nine
learning outcomes established for geology field camps by the National
Association of Geology Teachers (NAGT). A pre-survey and post-survey quantified
students' learning of the subject matter as well as perceptions towards
Minecraft and online learning. We also held feedback sessions and conducted
in-class, live observations to classify students' reactions and experiences
during virtual activities. Overwhelmingly, students indicated they would
have preferred an in-person field camp, yet they considered the Minecraft
assignments exciting, important, interesting, and valuable. Regardless of
perceived barriers, scores on subject matter questions increased from the
pre- to the post-survey. Finally, observations illustrated how students'
experiences in a virtual field camp recreated comparable components that
students experience during an in-person field camp (e.g., students
discussing career pathways, geological skills, and fostering interpersonal
relationships). Because this virtual course achieved the curricular goals as
well as the non-curricular goals and was relatively easy to construct, we
recommend the usage of Minecraft for virtual geology courses in the future.
Cosmogenic nuclide exposure age scatter records glacial history and processes in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
Authors: Christ Andrew J. , Bierman Paul R. , Lamp Jennifer L. , Schaefer Joerg M. , Winckler Gisela
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The preservation of cosmogenic nuclides that accumulated during periods of prior exposure but were not subsequently removed by erosion or
radioactive decay complicates interpretation of exposure, erosion, and burial ages used for a variety of geomorphological applications. In glacial
settings, cold-based, non-erosive glacier ice may fail to remove inventories of inherited nuclides in glacially transported material. As a result,
individual exposure ages can vary widely across a single landform (e.g., moraine) and exceed the expected or true depositional age. The surface
processes that contribute to inheritance remain poorly understood, thus limiting interpretations of cosmogenic nuclide datasets in glacial
environments. Here, we present a compilation of new and previously published exposure ages of multiple lithologies in local Last Glacial Maximum
(LGM) and older Pleistocene glacial sediments in the McMurdo Sound region of Antarctica. Unlike most Antarctic exposure chronologies, we are able to
compare exposure ages of local LGM sediments directly against an independent radiocarbon chronology of fossil algae from the same sedimentary unit
that brackets the age of the local LGM between 12.3 and 19.6 ka. Cosmogenic exposure ages vary by lithology, suggesting that bedrock source
and surface processes prior to, during, and after glacial entrainment explain scatter. 10Be exposure ages of quartz in granite, sourced
from the base of the stratigraphic section in the Transantarctic Mountains, are scattered but young, suggesting that clasts entrained by sub-glacial
plucking can generate reasonable apparent exposure ages. 3He exposure ages of pyroxene in Ferrar Dolerite, which crops out above outlet
glaciers in the Transantarctic Mountains, are older, which suggests that clasts initially exposed on cliff faces and glacially entrained by rock
fall carry inherited nuclides. 3He exposure ages of olivine in basalt from local volcanic bedrock in the McMurdo Sound region contain many
excessively old ages but also have a bimodal distribution with peak probabilities that slightly pre-date and post-date the local LGM; this suggests
that glacial clasts from local bedrock record local landscape exposure. With the magnitude and geological processes contributing to age scatter in
mind, we examine exposure ages of older glacial sediments deposited by the most extensive ice sheet to inundate McMurdo Sound during the
Pleistocene. These results underscore how surface processes operating in the Transantarctic Mountains are expressed in the cosmogenic nuclide
inventories held in Antarctic glacial sediments.
Optimization of Snow-Related Parameters in Noah Land Surface Model (v3.4.1) Using Micro-Genetic Algorithm (v1.7a)
Authors: Lim Sujeong , Gim Hyeon-Ju , Lee Ebony , Lee Seung-Yeon , Lee Won Young , Lee Yong Hee , Cassardo Claudio , Park Seon Ki
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The snowfall prediction is important in winter and early spring because snowy conditions generate enormous economic damages. However, there is a lack of previous studies dealing with snow prediction, especially using land surface models (LSMs). Numerical weather prediction models directly interpret the snowfall events, whereas the LSMs evaluate the snow cover fraction, snow albedo, and snow depth through interaction with atmospheric conditions. When the initially-developed empirical parameters are local or inadequate, we need to optimize the parameter sets for a certain region. In this study, we seek for the optimal parameter values in the snow-related processes – snow cover fraction, snow albedo, and snow depth – of the Noah LSM, for South Korea, using the micro-genetic algorithm and the in-situ surface observations and remotely-sensed satellite data. Snow data from surface observation stations representing five land cover types – deciduous broadleaf forest, mixed forest, woody savanna, cropland, and urban and built-up lands – are used to optimize five snow-related parameters that calculate the snow cover fraction, maximum snow albedo of fresh snow, and the fresh snow density associated with the snow depth. Another parameter, reflecting the dependence of snow cover fraction on the land cover types, is also optimized. Optimization of these six snow-related parameters has led to improvement in the root-mean squared errors by 17.0 %, 8.2 %, and 5.6 % on snow depth, snow cover fraction, and snow albedo, respectively. In terms of the mean bias, the underestimation problems of snow depth and overestimation problems of snow albedo have been alleviated through optimization of parameters calculating the fresh snow by about 45.1 % and 32.6 %, respectively.
Strategies for landslide detection using open-access synthetic aperture radar backscatter change in Google Earth Engine
Authors: Handwerger Alexander L. , Jones Shannan Y. , Amatya Pukar , Kerner Hannah R. , Kirschbaum Dalia B. , Huang Mong-Han
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Rapid detection of landslides is critical for emergency response, disaster mitigation, and improving our understanding of landslide dynamics. Satellite-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can be used to detect landslides, often within days of a triggering event, because it penetrates clouds, operates day and night, and is regularly acquired worldwide. Here we present a SAR backscatter change detection approach that uses multi-temporal stacks of freely available data from the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites to detect areas with high landslide density using the cloud-based Google Earth Engine (GEE). Importantly, our approach does not require downloading a large volume of data to a local system or specialized processing software. We provide strategies, including a landslide density heatmap approach, that can aid in rapid response and landslide detection. We test our GEE-based approach on multiple recent rainfall- and earthquake-triggered landslide events. Our ability to detect surface change from landslides generally improves with the total number of SAR images acquired before and after a landslide event, by combining data from both ascending and descending satellite acquisition geometries, and applying topographic masks to remove flat areas unlikely to experience landslides. Importantly, our GEE approach allows the broader hazards and landslide community to utilize and advance these state-of-the-art remote sensing data for improved situational awareness of landslide hazards.
Land-atmosphere interactions in sub-polar and alpine climates in the CORDEX FPS LUCAS models: I. Evaluation of the snow-albedo effect
Authors: Daloz Anne Sophie , Schwingshackl Clemens , Mooney Priscilla , Strada Susanna , Rechid Diana , Davin Edouard L. , Katragkou Eleni , de Noblet-Ducoudré Nathalie , Belda Michal , Halenka Tomas , Breil Marcus , Cardoso Rita M. , Hoffmann Peter , Lima Daniela C. A. , Meier Ronny , Soares Pedro M. M. , Sofiadis Giannis , Strandberg Gustav , Toelle Merja H. , Lund Marianne T.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. In the Northern Hemisphere, the seasonal snow cover plays a major role in the climate system via its effect on surface albedo and fluxes. The parameterization of snow-atmosphere interactions in climate models remains a source of uncertainty and biases in the representation of the local and global climate. Here, we evaluate the ability of an ensemble of regional climate models (RCMs) coupled to different land surface models to simulate the snow albedo effect over Europe, in winter and spring. We use a previously defined index, the Snow Albedo Sensitivity Index (SASI), to quantify the radiative forcing due to the snow albedo effect. By comparing RCM-derived SASI values with SASI calculated from reanalyses and satellite retrievals, we show that an accurate simulation of snow cover is essential for correctly reproducing the observed forcing over mid- and high-latitudes in Europe. The choice of parameterizations with first and foremost the choice of the land surface model but also the convection scheme and the planetary boundary layer, strongly influences the representation of SASI as it affects the ability of climate models to simulate snow cover correctly. The agreement between the datasets differs between the accumulation and ablation periods, with the latter one presenting the greatest challenge for the RCMs. Given the dominant role of land surface processes in the simulation of snow cover during the ablation period, the results suggest that the choice of the land surface model is more critical for the representation of SASI than the atmospheric model during this time period.
Characteristics of long-track tropopause polar vortices
Authors: Bray Matthew T. , Cavallo Steven M.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Tropopause polar vortices (TPVs) are closed circulations centered on the tropopause that form and predominately reside in high latitudes. Due to their attendant flow, TPVs have been shown to influence surface weather features, and thus, a greater understanding of the dynamics of these features may improve our ability to forecast impactful weather events. In this study, we focus on the subset of TPVs which have lifetimes of longer than two weeks (the ninety-fifth percentile of all TPV cases between 1979 and 2018); these long-lived vortices offer a unique opportunity to study the conditions under which TPVs strengthen and analyze patterns of vortex formation and movement. Using ERA-Interim data, along with TPV tracks derived from the same reanalysis, we investigate the formation, motion, and development of these long-lived vortices. We find that these long-track TPVs are significantly stronger, occur more often in the summer, and tend to remain more poleward than an average TPV. Similarly, these TPVs are shown to form at higher latitudes than average. Long-lived TPVs form predominately by splitting from existing vortices, but a notable minority seem to generate via dynamic processes in the absence of pre-existing TPVs. These non-likely split genesis events are found to occur in select geographic regions, driven by Rossby wave growth and breaking. Notable differences emerge between the lifecycles of long-lived vortices in the summer and winter, specifically with regards to equatorward progression and amplitude. These long-lived TPVs also appear as likely as any TPV to exit the Arctic and move into the mid-latitudes, though this often occurs late in the vortex lifetime, immediately preceding vortex lysis in most cases.
Maderuelo, Javier, El espectáculo del mundo. Una historia cultural del paisaje. Madrid: Abada, 2020.
Authors: Lesmes Daniel
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Maderuelo, Javier, El espectáculo del mundo. Una historia cultural del paisaje. Madrid: Abada, 2020.
Méndez Baiges, Maite, Las señoritas de Avignon y el discurso crítico de la modernidad, Editorial Universidad de Granada, Granada, 2021
Authors: Díaz Ruiz Carmen
Published: October 2021

Reseña de la obra de Méndez Baiges, Maite. Las señoritas de Avignon y el discurso crítico de la modernidad, Editorial Universidad de Granada, Granada, 2021.
Licensing and reporting in the U.S. pet insurance market
Authors: Bisco Jill M. , Fier Stephen G.
Published: October 2021

In this study, the authors discuss the pet insurance market and offer recommendations regarding licensing and reporting that they believe will better serve consumers and improve market transparency.
Health Promoting Special Schools for Children and Young People With Intellectual Disabilities in Poland: Development of Standards and Self-Evaluation Procedures
Authors: Woynarowska-Sołdan Magdalena , Danielewicz Dorota
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study was to present the process and results of developing standards and self-evaluation procedures for health promoting special schools (HPSS) for children with intellectual disabilities. The work was undertaken in order to address the needs of special schools interested in establishing a health promoting school (HPS). We used following methods: 1) Preparation: interviews with principals and teachers at 8 special schools, as well as regional HPS network coordinators, visits to 4 schools; 2) Development of HPSS project standards, self-evaluation procedures and tools: consultations with representatives of 8 schools and with regional coordinators; 3) Pilot study of HPSS the self-evaluation procedure and tools at 8 schools and development of a finalised version: direct observation, document analysis, interviews with selected participants, survey studies of school staff and students’ parents, testing students using one of the following methods: “Draw and write”, “Draw and tell”, conversation or written response. The study included people supporting HPS on a national and regional level, school principals and health promotion coordinators from special schools for students with intellectual disabilities. The pilot study was conducted on a group of 341 teaching staff, 148 non-teaching staff, 468 parents of students, and 435 students. The analysis of the study’s reports and consultations with school principals and health-promotion coordinators from participating schools guided the development of the final version of standards, in addition to the associated model of HPSS and self-evaluation procedure along with a set of tools to measure the accomplishment of the standards. The HPSS standards and self-evaluation procedure were approved by the Ministry of National Education and officially disseminated, with special schools gaining the opportunity to apply for the Health Promoting School National Certificate. The self-evaluation element of HPSS makes it possible to improve the activities of special schools with respect to health promotion while encouraging collaboration and exchange of ideas with regular schools.
The Effect of Training on Functional Behavioural Analysis on Teacher Self-Efficacy Among Special Education Teachers in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Ibigbami Olanrewaju , Adeniyi Yetunde , Omigbodun Olayinka , Ani Cornelius
Published: October 2021

Dealing with challenging behaviour is a source of stress and burnout among teachers of children with special education needs. Functional Behavioral Analysis (FBA) is useful for prevention and management of challenging behaviour, but the evidence-base among special education teachers is limited in Sub-Saharan Africa. Twenty teachers were recruited from two special needs schools (10 from each school), with one school designated ‘intervention’ and the other ‘control’. Two sessions of group-based training on FBA were conducted in the intervention school for the 10 teachers. All participants completed the ‘Teacher Self Efficacy Scale’ and ‘Professional Quality of Life Scale’ at baseline and again two weeks after the last intervention session. The intervention group completed a post-intervention ‘Client Satisfaction Questionnaire’. Controlling for baseline scores, the intervention group scored significantly higher on Self-Efficacy [F (1,18)=8.95, p=0.009, partial eta squared=0.36], and lower on Burnout [F (1,17) = 9.82, p=0.006, partial eta squared=0.380]. The intervention group’s mean score on the Burnout subscale of PQOLS was more than one standard deviation lower than the control group after the intervention [(29.30(2.58) vs 34.11(4.01)]. All participants in the intervention group rated the programme as good or excellent and over three-quarters (77.7%) would recommend it to their peers. To our knowledge, this is the first study of FBA training for special education teachers in Sub-Saharan Africa. The programme showed promising effectiveness, good feasibility and was highly accepted.
Teachers’ Instructional Interaction in an Inclusive Classroom: Interaction Between General Teacher and Special Assistant Teacher
Authors: Rasmitadila Rasmitadila , Tambunan Anna Riana Suryanti , Achmadtullah Reza , Nuraeni Yeni , Samsudin Achmad , Nurtanto Muhammad
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the categories of instructional interaction, the basic patterns of instructional interactions, and the functions of the basic model of instructional interaction that occurs between the English teacher (ET) and the special assistant teacher (SAT) to help the slow learner student (SLS), in terms of instructional interaction that occurs between two teachers in an English lesson. The researchers used single-case study method research. Data were collected through observation, as well as through semi-structured interviews with the two teachers. Findings from this study indicate that the category of instructional interaction that occurs between the two consists of academic and non-academic interactions. The instructional interaction basic patterns that are formed between ET and SAT in academic interaction are initiate-response-follow-up (IRF) and initiate-response (IR). The function of the basic pattern of academic interactions is to inform delegation of academic tasks from ET to SAT and to help SLS perform academic assignments. The instructional interaction basic pattern of non-academic interaction is initiate-response (IR). The function of the basic pattern of non-academic interactions is to enhance the provision of non-academic assistance from SAT to SLS, such as motivating, and focusing on learning. If instructional interactions between ET and SAT have not been carried out optimally, then the collaboration has not been well planned.
El uso de la tecnología en el tenis moderno: una mirada a la práctica del mejor tenista mundial
Authors: Novak Dario , Norman Magnus
Published: October 2021

La investigación de los perfiles de actividad física de la práctica deportiva individual y de la competición proporciona a los entrenadores una comprensión de los aspectos de la aptitud física que pueden incidir en el rendimiento durante el partido. En este estudio hemos realizado un seguimiento de (1) los perfiles de actividad de un tenista de alto nivel, en períodos de práctica de aproximadamente 30 minutos, (2) la intensidad de la actividad durante períodos pre-definidos de práctica de juego de partidos. El jugador llevó un dispositivo GPS (OptimEye S5, Catapult, Australia) durante su práctica en cancha. Se puede llegar a la conclusión de que el uso de la tecnología en el tenis moderno puede ser de gran ayuda para los entrenadores para evitar el sobre entrenamiento, y además, para mejorar la calidad de la retroalimentación que entregan a sus deportistas.
Ocorrência de Úlcera de Abomaso em Bovinos de Leite no Sudoeste do Paraná
Authors: Bedin Anderson , Catarina Alcione Santa , Bernardi Fabricio , Possa Marina Gabriela , Gobato Larisa , Gruchouskei Leonardo , Dercore Benevenuto Luíz Guilherme , Emiko Kobayashi Priscila , Faccin Mayane , Fonseca-Alves Carlos Eduardo , Elias Fabiana
Published: October 2021

A úlcera de abomaso, classicamente definida como um processo de autodigestão da mucosa abomasal, é uma das abomasopatias mais comuns no gado leiteiro. É uma doença multifatorial em que o principal fator desencadeante nem sempre é identificado; estando na maioria das vezes, relacionado com fatores predisponentes. No interesse de fomentar o acervo de informações sobre a ocorrência de abomasopatias, este manuscrito teve como objetivo descrever os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos e patológicos dos casos de úlceras de abomaso em bovinos leiteiros diagnosticados na área coberta pela Universidade Federal de Fronteira Sul, Realeza, PR. Foram avaliados 98 casos de bovinos leiteiros do sudoeste do Paraná a partir dos dados de necropsias registrados entre abril de 2009 e dezembro de 2019, de forma retrospectiva, sendo essa lesão relatada em 87,50% dentre os animais que apresentavam algum tipo de enfermidade digestória ou metabólica. A mediana de vida foi a de 60 meses, sendo apenas 9,52% criados em sistema intensivo. A ocorrência de úlcera abomasal foi determinante para a morte de 54,17% dos animais necropsiados que apresentavam enfermidade digestória e/ou metabólica, evidenciando a importância de informação sobre a ocorrência dessa enfermidade, que acomete principalmente o gado leiteiro, podendo levar ao óbito do animal.
Impact of M-Banking Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction with the Role of Trust and Customer Value Co-Creation Intentions
Authors: Toqeer Anam , Farooq Sadia , Abbas Syeda Fizza
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the impact of various dimensions of mobile banking service quality on customer satisfaction with the mediating role of customer value co-creation intentions in the banking sector of Pakistan. Theoretical foundations of this study lie in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Service-Dominant (S-D) logic. Data was collected using a questionnaire from a sample of 383 respondents from 25 banks. Mediation and moderation analyses were conducted to explore the role of trust in creating customer satisfaction through the mediating role of customer value co-creation. The findings showed that m-banking service quality dimensions have a significant impact on customer satisfaction. Also, it was found that co-creation has a significant impact on customer satisfaction. Mediation analysis was conducted to see if co-creation mediates the relationship between m-banking service quality and customer satisfaction. There was found to be partial mediation between all dimensions of m-banking service quality and customer satisfaction. Moderation analysis was also conducted to check the role of trust. The findings revealed that trust moderates the relationship for only perceived ease of use of m-banking; however, trust doesn’t moderate the relationship for other dimensions of m-banking. This study will be beneficial for bank managers to adopt the strategies that help in co-creation by customers and hence enhance customer satisfaction in the existing competition for better services. This study will add to the existing literature by its novel findings and knowledge in the extended technology acceptance model.
KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI DAN BIOAKTIFITAS TUMBUHAN OBAT KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA
Authors: Sinaga Alex , Adelya I Manalu
Published: October 2021

Traditional medicinal plants have the potential for health maintenance and alternative medicine as well as increasing the competitiveness of the national economy because Indonesia is one of the countries rich in biodiversity. This research was conducted in March-June 2021 in Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, 3 different villages that are part of the Parmonangan sub-district, namely, Aekraja Village, Hutatinggi Village, Sisordak Village. The objectives to be achieved are to find out how to use medicinal plants. The research method used includes selecting respondents for traditional healers, ethnobotanical surveys including field surveys, interviews and sampling of medicinal plants and preparing herbarium specimens. The results obtained were then analyzed descriptively by calculating the index values ​​of U, RFC and RI. Where the largest UV results are UV analysis, the Zingiber officinale value is found to have a value (the largest UV is 0.4), and the highest RFC use values ​​include: Zingiber Offiicinale (RFC 0.4), and the highest Relative Impotance values ​​include: Zingiber Offiicinale (RFC 0.67) then Based on the results of bioactivity observations; It can be seen that the use of Zingiber officinale contains glucan chemical and polygalacturonan with biactivity as an antitussive. This traditional utility is attempted to be linked to reports from previous scientific studies published electronically such as PubMed, Google Scholar, PubChem, and ScienceDirect
Interpersonal Networks of the First Ambassadors of Dubrovnik to the Sublime Porte
Authors: Šoštarić Valentina
Published: October 2021

In 1430, after the Ottoman sultan Murad II had been assigned the role of arbitrator in the conflict between the people of Dubrovnik and the Bosnian duke Radoslav Pavlović over the territory of Konavle, the authorities of Dubrovnik decided to send ambassadors to the Sublime Porte for the first time. For even though the city fathers possessed practical knowledge and information about the customs, traditions, and culture of the Muslim lands, preparing missions to present Dubrovnik's interests in person at the Sublime Porte was difficult. In the period between the establishment of these first official diplomatic contacts and the time Dubrovnik become a tributary state of the Sublime Porte in 1458, new political and sociocultural circumstances arose that required different approaches and practices. During this time, Dubrovnik's leadership was forced to search for help, protection, and advice from all who could support their pragmatic goals. Analysis of these relationships yields valuable information on sources of support for the ambassadors, what kind of support and advice they sought, how that support was proffered, what rewards were given for support, what role was played by emotions in forging ties to the Sublime Porte, and the power of emotions to shape historical events.
Genetic evaluation of the unknown contribution of stocked fish in angler catches: a case study using mulloway Argyrosomus japonicus
Authors: Taylor Matthew D , Premachandra HKA , Hurwood David A , Dammannagoda Sudath , Chan Kin Hang , Mather Peter B , Gray Charles A , Knibb Wayne
Published: October 2021

Stock enhancement involves the augmentation of wild populations with hatchery-reared recruits. Stock enhancement generally also includes a postrelease monitoring program which tracks stocked individuals within the fishery, and this relies on having a means to identify the likely origin
of recaptured fish (e. g., physical, otolith, or genetic tags). This study reports the application of sibship analysis to retrospectively infer the origin of mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus) within stocked estuaries when other means of identification were not available. Eight cohorts
of mulloway were stocked into two estuaries across a seven-year period, but only some of the fish released during the program were physically marked with chemical otolith stains. Fish were sampled from stocked estuaries (mostly through an angler-based sampling program) and genotyped for six
microsatellite loci, alongside 129 fish sampled from nonstocked estuaries. The presence of multiple sibs within the mixed populations in stocked estuaries was used to infer the origin of captured fish against a background of sibship for known-origin individuals (verified by otolith marks)
and sibship levels within unstocked estuaries. The analysis suggested hatchery-reared fish could have contributed 9% of individuals sampled from the augmented populations (7% when corrected for background sibship). The proportion of fish inferred to be of hatchery origin decreased with size
(likely due to mortality and migration), and the expected contribution rates for hatchery-reared fish differed among cohorts. The results highlight that sibship analysis may be useful for retrospective genetic evaluation of stocked estuaries.
Verification of TVS-2006 fuel rod design of VVER-AES2006 reactor under steady-state operating condition Using FRAPCON-3.5 code
Authors: Dinh Van Chien
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the independent verification of TVS-2006 fuel rod design used in VVER-AES2006 reactor (Novovoronezh NPP-2 Power, Unit 1), based on the acceptance criteria and the reference data given in the Preliminary Safety Analysis Report of the State Research, Design, Construction and Survey Institute “Atomenergoproekt” (PSAR) and the operation of VVER-1000 reactor. The calculations were performed using FRAPCON-3.5 code, including fuel temperature, cladding temperature, fission gas release, internal gas pressure, cladding stress and strain, fuel extension, fuel rod elongation, cladding creep rate, fuel swelling rate, cladding oxide thickness and hydrogen concentration. The results are compared with the calculated data using START-3 code in PSAR and the acceptance criteria required by Russian nuclear regulatory body. Despite some discrepancies, the results showed conformance with the calculated data given in the PSAR and meet the acceptance criteria.
Vivencia familiar de los hermanos de niños diagnosticados con Trastornos del Espectro Autista. Estelí, Nicaragua
Authors: Reyes Castillo Juana Sarahi , Noguera Valle Dayana Massiel , Torres Escoto Jeyson Ramón , Solís Zúniga Franklin Jesús
Published: October 2021

El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) se encuentra dentro de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo y se caracteriza por las alteraciones relacionadas con la comunicación y la interacción social, así como por presentar intereses fijos y conductas repetitivas (Kids Health, 2019). El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la vivencia familiar de los hermanos de niños diagnosticados con Trastornos del Espectro Autista, en la ciudad de Estelí. La metodología que se planteó fue en base a un estudio cualitativo de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo con un enfoque fenomenológico. El tipo de muestreo es no probabilístico intencional, se seleccionaron cinco familias que cumplieran con el criterio de muestreo. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron entrevista en profundidad y test de la familia. Los resultados demuestran que la vivencia familiar de los hermanos de niños diagnosticados con TEA, realizan el cumplimiento de deberes en la vida de su hermano tal como: cuidador, protector y facilitador de las relaciones sociales. Para los hermanos de niños autistas no todo ha sido negativo, a pesar del cambio que ha significado el nuevo diagnóstico en la familia, muestran una mayor empatía, tolerancia al estrés, capacidad para adaptarse y mayor sentido de responsabilidad de cuidado de la familia. Se demuestra que los padres y madres de familia han dado mucha responsabilidad a sus hijos sobre el cuido a su hermano con autismo. La mayoría de los hermanos que ejercen el rol de mamá o papá en el niño autista, se debe a la ausencia de la figura paterna o materna, este dato es uno de los factores que más inciden en el apego y sobreprotección hacia el hermano autista. Finalmente, se propone una estrategia de intervención psicológica aplicada a los hermanos de niños autistas, con el fin de mejorar la adaptación y disminuir su estrés.
Capacidad biocida de extractos de Capsicum annum sobre larvas de Spodoptera exigua (Lepidóptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Allen-Siezars Onosma Celine , Thomas Vanega Erick Ricardo , Ebanks Mongalo Billy Francis , Siu Estrada Eduardo Alexander , Flores-Pacheco Juan Asdrúbal
Published: October 2021

El uso indiscriminado de agroquímicos para el control de organismos plagas, especialmente las insectiles, genera problemas que van desde la resistencia a la molécula empleada, el empleo de mayores dosis y/o aumento de la toxicidad de los productos aumentando el riesgo a la vida silvestre y las personas que trabajan en los campos, así como los consumidores finales. En esta investigación se ha determinado la capacidad biocida de extractos de Capsicum annum sobre larvas Spodoptera exigua (lepidóptera: Noctuidae) en relación con la dosis empleada y a la mortalidad obtenida en función del tiempo. Por medio de la escala de Scoville se determinó el índice de picor de tres variedades de chile (habanero, cabro y pimentón). Tras seleccionar la variedad habanera por ser el de mayor grado de picor en base a las pruebas organolépticas se obtuvieron extractos concentrados de pulpa, semilla y fruto entero (factores) de los cuales se derivaron cinco dosis para confirmar la concentración letal 50 (CL50) en larvas de Spodoptera exigua. Los resultados se contrastan contra un testigo positivo y uno negativo por medio de un diseño de bloques al azar. La mayor mortalidad se registró en un lapso de tres horas en los extractos a partir de la semilla de chile habanero con CL50 80 ml L-1 de agua. En pruebas in vivo no se registraron daños a las láminas foliares de los cultivos donde se aplicó el ensayo. Es necesario la continuidad del experimento en distintas fases de desarrollo de cultivos varios, así como el monitoreo de los organismos plagas capaz de controlar.
Composição da malacofauna terrestre urbana de União da Vitória, extremo sul do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Cozer e outros Rafael Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

Composição da malacofauna terrestre urbana de União da Vitória, extremo sul do Paraná, Brasil