bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Çene Yüz Kırıklarının Demografik Özellikleri ve Etiyolojik Faktörleri: Retrospektif Çalışma
Authors: Özgül Özkan
Published: April 2018

Amaç:
Bu çalışmanın amacı bölgemizde görülen çene yüz kırıklarının demografik ve
klinik özelliklerini, etiyolojik faktörlerini ve tedavi protokollerini
retrospektif olarak analiz etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Çalışmamızda Nisan 2015- Kasım 2017 tarihleri arasında
kliniğimizde çene yüz kırık tanısı ile tedavi edilmiş hastaların medikal
kayıtları değerlendirmeye
alındı. Yaş, cinsiyet, etiyolojik neden, kırığın lokalizasyonu, uygulanan
tedavi yöntemi
belirlenerek veri dağılımı analiz edildi.Bulgular: Medikal
kayıtların incelenmesi ile, 40’ı erkek (%77), 12’si kadın olan 52 hastada 62 çene yüz kırığı tespit
edildi. Ortalama yaş 33.3 (9- 67), etiyolojik faktörler sırasıyla darp (%42),
trafik kazası (%33), düşme (%25) olarak bulundu. 62 kırığın %92’si mandibulada;
lokalizasyonlarına göre sırasıyla angulus (%34), simfiz  (%31), kondil (%14), korpus (%8), ramus (%5)
ve %8’i de maksillada görüldü. Sonuç: Çene yüz kırıklarının
etiyolojisi ve insidansı; sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik ve çevresel şartlara bağımlıdır. Farklı
coğrafik, ekonomik ve sosyal özelliklere sahip olan ülkemizde yapılacak  çok merkezli çalışmalara ihtiyaç
bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelime:
Travma; Çene yüz Kırıkları; Etiyoloji
A syntax-semantics interface for Tree-Adjoining Grammars through Abstract Categorial Grammars
Authors: Pogodalla Sylvain
Published: April 2018

We present a model of the syntax-semantics interface for Tree-Adjoining Grammars (TAGs). It is based on the encoding of TAGs within the framework of Abstract Categorial Grammars (ACGs). This encoding relies on a functional interpretation of the substitution and adjunction operations of TAGs. In ACGs, the abstract terms representing derivation trees are full-fledged objects of the grammar. These terms are mapped onto logical formulas representing the semantic interpretation of natural expressions that TAGs can analyze. Because of the reversibility properties of ACGs, this provides a way to parse and generate with the same TAG encoded grammar. We propose several analyses, including long distance dependencies, quantification, control and raising verbs, and subordinate clauses. We also show how this encoding easily extends to other phenomena such as idioms or scope ambiguities. All the lexical data for theses modellings are provided and can be run with the ACG toolkit, a software package dedicated to the development of ACGs that can use these grammars both for parsing and generation.
Influence of the herbaceous layer and litter depth on the spatial distribution of litter macrofauna in a forest plantation
Authors: Faly L. I. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: April 2018

The litter invertebrate community consists of species from different size, trophic and taxonomic groups. The distribution of the animal population of the litter horizon depends upon many factors, especially the content of the phytocoenosis, the projective herbaceous plant cover, moisture, litter thickness and the soil texture. This article analyses the variability of the main characteristics of litter invertebrate communities (total number, number of species, diversity according to the Shannon–Wiener and Pielou indices) on plots with different herbaceous plant composition and cover in plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia L. in the South steppe zone of Ukraine (territory of the “Tiligulsky” Regional Landscape Park). The taxonomic structure of the litter communities in the Robinia plantation was dominated by predatory groups of invertebrates (Carabidae, Aranea, Formicidae). The abundance of Julidae, Isopoda, Silphidae and Staphylinidae was relatively low. The studied forest plots were characterized by the simplified size structure of the litter macrofauna. The absence of species with body length of 16–20 mm and length over 20 mm indicates damage to the most significant trophic chains. The forest belt studied is in a highly disturbed condition, the plots being dominated by steppe species of herbaceous plants. The analyzed factors (diversity and extent of cover of herbaceous plants) do not determine the structure of the litter macrofauna community but affect it indirectly: a slight increase in the total number of invertebrates was observed in areas with minimal and maximum number of species of herbaceous plants. The relationship between the abundance of invertebrates and the percentage of herbaceous plant cover is manifested insignificantly. We noted a tendency for the number of invertebrate species to decrease along the gradient of herbaceous plant cover due to the concentration of dominant predatory species which exterminate other trophic groups of macrofauna.
Ethno-botanical and geo-referenced profiling of medicinal plants of Nawagai Valley, District Buner (Pakistan)
Authors: Zaman S. U. , Ali K. , Khan W. , Ali M. , Jan T. , Nisar M.
Published: April 2018

The prime objective of the research was to list the important ethnomedicinal plants of Nawagai village, District Buner. During the survey, 44 plant species from 27 families were observed and collected from the targeted area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Lamiaceae members were the most dominant (54%) followed by members of Asteraceae (30%), Poaceae (18%) and Solanaceae (12%). Relevant information such as field data, GPS coordinates family names, local names, therapeutic uses and plant habits were recorded for each species. For preservation purposes, specimens were mounted on herbarium sheets, and identified with the help of flora of Pakistan, flora of Australia and other relevant floristic records. During this research work all the collected specimens were preserved in the (BG&H, UOM) Botanical Garden and Herbarium, the data were also provided to the Department of Botany, University of Malakand Dir (Lower), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Students’ Perception of Public Health in Medical Education Training
Authors: Gerhard Juliana , Rossi Ribeiro Elaine , Sanson Zagonel Ivete Palmira , Machado Prado Maria Rosa
Published: April 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Since the implementation of the current Brazilian Health System (Sistema Único de Saude - SUS), there has been a trend to change medical school curricula regarding primary care and community-centered activities, in an attempt to replace the predominant hospital-centered teaching model, and to graduate more general practitioners. The current national guidelines for medical schools' curricula support this orientation; however, many medical schools present with difficulties to change their curricula, especially considering the lack of tradition that Public Health disciplines face as a primary field of practice, when compared to highly specialized fields. In the present study, which used qualitative methods with an exploratory-descriptive approach, field study, and data analyses by content analysis, a data collection instrument was administered to students of two different medical schools, aiming at understanding their perceptions regarding the importance Public Health disciplines have on their education; the characteristics of these disciplines on the two different schools; and the students' satisfaction with these disciplines. The results have demonstrated that students surely consider Public Health disciplines important for their medical education, acknowledging that concepts regarding the public health system and the physician's role in primary health care are invaluable to newly-graduated physicians. Satisfaction with the discipline varied between the two medical schools analyzed, with students of the school that prioritizes Public Health horizontally along the entire course being more satisfied and considering themselves capable of working within the public health system as soon as they are graduated. Data allows us to perform a critical analysis of the way Public Health disciplines are inserted in these two different medical schools, suggesting the need to more deeply insert them along the years of study, starting early, and prioritizing practical activities, aiming at sparking a higher degree of interest among the students, and consequently leading to a higher number of professionals seeking this field after graduation.
It’s time to train… How we combine high quality Urological training with service provision in a busy DGH setting
Authors: Siraj Mamoon , Mukherjee Rono , Lyttle Margaret
Published: April 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Introduction : With constrained training time, we must look for and optimise the educational opportunities within the "service" element of our workload. We proposed that In Patient referrals be used as educational cases. Methods : We reviewed these referrals over 5 years (2013-2017) and mapped the referrals against the curricula for Core Surgical Training (CST) and General Practice Trainees (GP). Results: Curriculum mapping against the Urology components of the curricula for GP found all but one of the topics was addressed. For CST all topics were covered. The topics mapped against the curricula were common reasons for referral, therefore we expect that even in a short attachment a Trainee could see most if not all of these. Conclusion : On average, 0.69 referrals were received per day. Therefore one training case takes relatively little time and should be achievable by even the busiest Trainers and Trainees.We demonstrate that using inpatient referrals from other teams as an educational resource effectively covers the breadth of the Urology components of both GP and CST curricula. We propose that this approach could be usefully employed by other units and specialities
Flower Development in Walnut: Altering the Flowering Pattern by Gibberellic Acid Application
Authors: HASSANKHAH Amin , RAHEMI Majid , MOZAFARI Mohamad Reza , VAHDATI Kourosh
Published: April 2018

The pattern of walnut flowering varies depending on genetic and environmental factors. This research was carried out to study the patterns by which pistillate flowers develop as a result of applying gibberellic acid (GA3). To study the effect of gibberellin on flowering, we used a factorial test. Factor A was the diameter of the tree trunks, and three levels were considered (10 to 12 cm, 12 to 14 cm and 14 to 16 cm). Factor B was comprised of four levels of GA3 (0, 50,100 and 200 mg/lit). Different levels of GA3 were sprayed twice on the ‘Chandler’ cultivar, i.e. 2 and 4 weeks after flowering. Also, a new (without using a microtome or scanning electron microscopy) method was used to study the development of pistillate flower buds.  Different stages of development included induction, initiation and differentiation of the pistillate flower bud which were observed respectively in late May, early June, September and March. The results of GA3 application showed that GA3 treatment can alter the flowering pattern of walnut. GA3 application significantly increased the number of male flowers, total flowers, and male: female flower ratio per branch. The number of female flowers increased as the diameter of the tree trunk increased. The highest number of female flowers (62.3) was observed in trees with trunk diameters between 14-16 cm and when GA3 was applied at 100 mg/liter. Also, a linear regression model was used in order to find a relationship between GA3 levels and the diameter of the trunk with flowering pattern.
EDWARD SAPIR: FORMA CULTURAL E EXPERIÊNCIA INDIVIDUAL
Authors: Gonçalves José Reginaldo Santos
Published: April 2018

Resumo: O artigo discute a perspectiva de Edward Sapir sobre a noção de cultura. O autor assinala que o fato de Sapir ser um linguista desempenha um papel crucial para o entendimento da singularidade dessa perspectiva. O artigo assinala ainda a importância que assume nessa perspectiva a noção de “forma” como uma dimensão fundamental na linguagem e na vida social. Isto permite a Sapir formular uma critica radical às concepções evolucionistas, difusionistas e funcionalistas da cultura. O autor mostra ainda que a noção de “autenticidade” parece desempenhar uma função significativa na concepção de cultura em Sapir, na medida em que, para esse autor, a cultura (as culturas autênticas) existe necessariamente por meio de experiências individuais singulares.
CULTURA: AUTÊNTICA E ESPÚRIA
Authors: Sapir Edward
Published: April 2018

Resumo: O artigo discute a noção de cultura e seus diversos usos, elaborando a partir deles uma concepção estruturalmente tensionada pelas categorias autenticidade e inautenticidade. Estas últimas oferecem meios comparativos para o reconhecimento de experiências socioculturais diversas. Numa perspectiva de crítica da cultura, o autor discute o modo pelo qual a inautenticidade distinguiria as modernas sociedades ocidentais, repercutindo a critica modernista da modernidade. O artigo tem como foco de sua crítica a sociedade norte-americana das primeiras décadas do século XX. Ele assinala, no entanto, que autenticidade e inautenticidade não se confundem com determinadas formas mais ou menos evoluídas de vida sociocultural; nem com níveis de desenvolvimento econômico e tecnológico. A inautenticidade não estaria exclusivamente associada à modernidade. As formas de cultura autêntica são pensadas como formas de vida coletiva que passam necessariamente pela experiência individual e passíveis de serem encontradas seja nas chamadas “sociedades primitivas” seja ao longo da história das sociedades ocidentais.
A SOCIOLOGIA DO TRABALHO NA AMÉRICA LATINA: SEUS TEMAS E PROBLEMAS (RE)VISITADOS
Authors: Leite Marcia de Paula
Published: April 2018

Resumo: Este texto trata das especificidades da sociologia do trabalho latino-americana vis-à-vis a europeia e a norte-americana, a partir da discussão de seus temas, bem como de suas abordagens teóricas e metodológicas. Para tanto, ele se debruça inicialmente sobre as diferentes etapas que marcaram a disciplina, tendo em vista as mudanças da realidade social, sustentando que embora tenha sempre se inspirado nos temas e problemas colocados pelas sociologias europeia e norte-americana, ela conseguiu manter suas especificidades; num segundo momento, ele problematiza as novas questões que as transformações econômicas e sociais ocorridas no novo século têm colocado para a disciplina, centrando-se especialmente na realidade dos países do Mercosul.
AZEVEDO AMARAL E O SÉCULO DO CORPORATIVISMO, DE MICHAEL MANOILESCO, NO BRASIL DE VARGAS
Authors: Gomes Angela de Castro
Published: April 2018

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo de fundo acompanhar o processo de circulação e apropriação de ideias sobre o modelo corporativista de organização do Estado e da sociedade, no Brasil dos anos 1930/40. Para tanto, escolheu trabalhar com a atuação de um dos mais importantes intelectuais desse período: Azevedo Amaral. Este intelectual se dedicou a traduzir para o português, o livro de Michael Manoilesco, O século do corporativismo, do qual escreve o prefácio, em 1938. Nos anos 1930, produz também vários livros, entre os quais, O Estado autoritário e a realidade nacional, igualmente datado de 1938 e publicado pela editora José Olympio, no qual faz uma aposta imediata no modelo autoritário e corporativista de Estado para o Brasil.
FDA Approval Summary: Tocilizumab for Treatment of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell-Induced Severe or Life-Threatening Cytokine Release Syndrome
Authors: Le Robert Q. , Li Liang , Yuan Weishi , Shord Stacy S. , Nie Lei , Habtemariam Bahru A. , Przepiorka Donna , Farrell Ann T. , Pazdur Richard
Published: April 2018

On August 30, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Actemra (tocilizumab, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA) for the treatment of severe or life-threatening chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in adults and in pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. The approval was based on a retrospective analysis of data for patients who developed CRS after treatment with CTL019 and KTE-C19 on prospective clinical trials. Evaluable patients had been treated with intravenous tocilizumab 8 mg/kg (12 mg/kg for patients <30 kg) for severe or life-threatening CRS; only the first episode of CRS was included in the analysis. The efficacy population for the CTL019 cohort included 24 male and 21 female patients (total 45 patients) of median age 12 years. The median time from the start of CRS to the first dose of tocilizumab was 4 days (range, 0–18 days). Patients were considered responders if CRS resolved within 14 days of the first dose of tocilizumab, if no more than 2 doses of tocilizumab were needed, and if no drugs other than tocilizumab and corticosteroids were used for treatment. Thirty-one patients (69%; 95% confidence interval, 53%–82%) achieved a response as defined. In an independent cohort of 15 patients with KTE-C19-induced CRS, 53% responded. Further study is needed to determine the optimal dose of tocilizumab and to confirm the safety of its use for treatment of patients with CAR T cell-induced CRS.

Implications for Practice

Severe or life-threatening chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell-induced cytokine release syndrome (CRS) requires urgent treatment to prevent fatal outcomes. In two independent cohorts, the majority of patients with severe or life-threatening CAR T cell-induced CRS responded to treatment with one or two doses of tocilizumab in addition to advanced supportive care. More research is needed to determine the optimal dose and schedule of tocilizumab for treatment of CAR T cell-induced CRS.
Predicting road traffic accidents using artificial neural network models
Authors: García de Soto Borja , Bumbacher Andreas , Deublein Markus , Adey Bryan T
Published: April 2018

As of 2015, Switzerland’s road network was among the safest when compared to other European countries. Nonetheless, the endeavour to further decrease the number of traffic accidents and road deaths remains part of the federal agenda. A proper assessment of the relevant risks is, therefore, of utmost importance. This paper presents a methodology for establishing an accident risk prediction model, which can be used as a decision-making tool in infrastructure management. The methodology allows for an appropriate handling of the available data, examines how it can be used to develop models using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and establishes a systematic ANN optimisation process to determine the optimal architecture of the ANN model. The methodology is implemented using data for accident counts on the Swiss national roads from 2009 to 2012. It has been found that ANNs can be used as a viable method to predict the frequency of road accidents. As accident occurrences are relatively rare events, the data are characterised by a large portion of zero observations. This poses a challenge for the training of the ANN. The results show that such models provide reliable results as indicated by the symmetric mean absolute percentage error, ranging from 17·5 to 32·7%.
TEORÍA CONTABLE: FUNDAMENTO DE ANÁLISIS EN EL EJERCICIO PROFESIONAL Y LA PRÁCTICA PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Ariza Angarita Yuleida , Villasmil Molero Milagros
Published: April 2018

El presente artículo de revisión bibliográfica, se realizó con el objetivo de analizar la teoría contable con fundamento en el análisis del ejercicio profesional y la práctica pedagógica en la formación integral del contador público. En su elaboración, se utilizó el método analítico, con una visión descriptiva, y la técnica investigativa de la revisión documental. Entre los hallazgos obtenidos, se destaca que en el proceso formativo del contador aún se encuentran poco desarrolladas las competencias de observación, reflexión analítica y predicción, por cuanto, al momento de tomar decisiones se le da más importancia a la parte cuantitativa de la información que a la parte cualitativa . Las razones obedecen en gran parte a débiles bases conceptuales acerca de su valor y su contribución al desarrollo de nuevas prácticas y pensamiento contable. Se concluyó que para que a la teoría contable le sea reconocido su valor proyectivo y predictivo, es imperativo una pedagogía particular para estudiarla, comprenderla e introducirla como fundamento de soporte esencial para el análisis financiero en el ejercicio de la profesión contable; ello es así porque las cambiantes visiones de la realidad exigen nuevas formas de observación fenoménica, que favorezcan la solución a problemas complejos que le son inherentes. Asimismo, se espera que el estudio bibliográfico constituya un asidero epistemológico para futuras investigaciones. ABSTRACTThis article literature review was conducted with the aim of analyzing accounting theory as a foundation in the analysis of professional practice and pedagogical practice in the formation of the CPA, in drafting the analytical method was used, with a descriptive view technical research is the literature review. Among the findings from the formative process of the counter are still lagging skills of observation, analysis and reflection-prediction, in that he gives more importance to the quantitative portion of the information that highlights the qualitative part for decision making , the reasons are due largely to weak conceptual basis about its value against the correct usage you have and its contribution to the development of new practices and accounting thought. It was concluded that for accounting theory is recognized its projective and predictive value, it is imperative to study a particular pedagogy understand and enter it as essential foundation for financial analysis support in the performance of the accounting profession; considering that this paradigmatic changing views of reality require new forms of phenomenal observation that favors the solution to complex problems that are inherent, also is expected to constitute an epistemological journey bibliographic handle foundation for future research.
LA GESTION DEL CONOCIMIENTO COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA LA INNOVACION Y EL CAMBIO INCREMENTAL EN LAS ORGANIZACIONES
Authors: Gomez Torres Alberto , Matinez Palomino Oriana S.
Published: April 2018

El presente articulo constituye una revisión bibliogrifica, cuyo objetivo fue identificar las necesidades de innovación en las organizaciones en un contexto lleno de incertidumbre y cambios acelerados. La metodologia consistió, inicialmente, en una revisión de la teoria y el disefio organizacional, para luego establecer las necesidades de cambio requeridas por una organización que aprende. A partir de esto, se plantea la necesidad de identificar y generar oportunidades de innovación en los conocimientos que se presentan dentro y fuera de la organización. El resultado obtenido fue la construcción de un Modelo Conceptual de la Gestión del Conocimiento. El trabajo se cierra con una discusión en la que se asume a la gestión del conocimiento como una herramienta para la innovación y el cambio incremental en las organizaciones. Se concluyó que las organizaciones deben favorecer la acción innovadora y entenderla como fuente de ventajas competitivas sostenibles ante las condiciones y requerimientos de los entornos socioeconómicos del mundo actual. ABSTRACTThis paper is a literature review, which aims to identify, from an analytical perspective, the need for innovation in organizations, arising from a full of uncertainty and rapidly changing context. The methodology consisted of a review of the theory and organizational design to establish needs change requiring a learning organization, then identify opportunities for innovation in the knowledge that flow inside and outside the organization. It closes with a discussion in which it is presented to the management of knowledge as a tool for innovation and incremental change in organizations. The result was the construction of a Conceptual Model of Knowledge Management. It concludes by identifying the needs of organizational structures in a planned, supportive of innovative action and preponderates as a source of sustainable competitive advantage, to know and understand the conditions and requirements of socio-economic environments of today.
FINANCIAMIENTO DE LAS MIPYMES DEL SECTOR INDUSTRIAL EN EL MUNICIPIO DE SINCELEJO
Authors: Salas Quintana Heberto
Published: April 2018

En este articulo se reportan los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo analizar las fuentes de financiamiento utilizadas por las micro, pequefias y medianas empresas (MIPYMES) del sector industrial del municipio de Sincelejo (Colombia) con el fin de caracterizar determinantes claves en su funcionamiento. La muestra fue conformada por 208 empresarios, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario tipo likert. La confiabilidad del mismo se hizo con el indice alfa de Cronbach, y se utilizaron tablas de contingencia para procesar la información, asi como el coeficiente Chi cuadrado para analizar la asociación entre las variables. Los resultados evidencian que las empresas de este sector utilizan en sus inicios recursos propios para el desarrollo de sus actividades y, luego, al requerir financiamiento, recurren al sector financiero o a la reinversión de sus utilidades. Se concluyó que el acceso al financiamiento sigue siendo un obstaculo para estas empresas y que el acceso a los creditos se les dificulta por causa de los requisitos solicitados como soportes de estos y por las garantias que se les exigen. Ademas, los recursos que obtienen son utilizados preponderantemente para compra de maquinaria o capital de trabajo. ABSTRACTTo analyze financing strategies and establish key aspects related to micro, small and big enterprises in Sincelejo (Colombia) were addressed in this research paper. 208 enterprises were sampled using a Liker questionnaire and its reliability is based on Cronbach's alpha index; to process information was used contingency tables and in order to analyze variable association the coefficient Chi-square test was used as well. The results show at the beginning that companies use their own financial resources for their business development and when they require funding, these companies resort to the financial sector or reinvest their own profits. As a conclusion, for these companies to access to finance remains an obstacle and bank credits become difficult as well because of the requirements they ask for, such as the required guarantees. On the other side, the resources obtained are predominantly used for purchasing machinery or working capital.
Frequency and turmoil: South Africa's community protests 2005-2017
Authors: Alexander Peter , Runciman Carin , Ngwane Trevor , Moloto Boikanyo , Mokgele Kgothatso , Van Staden Nicole
Published: April 2018

This article reports on the frequency and turmoil of South Africa’s community protests from 2005 to 2017, which, taken together, have been called a ‘rebellion’. It defines ‘community protest’ as protests in which collective demands are raised by a geographically defined and identified ‘community’ that frames its demands in support/and or defence of that community. It distinguishes between ‘violence’ and ‘disorder’, which has produced a novel three-way categorisation of turmoil, namely ‘orderly’, ‘disruptive’ and ‘violent’ protests. Drawing on the Centre for Social Change’s archive of media reports, the largest database of its kind, and by comparing its data with details gleaned from the police’s Incident Registration Information System (an unrivalled source of protest statistics), the article reveals a rising trend in frequency of community protests and a tendency towards those protests being disorderly, that is, disruptive and/or violent. In the process of advancing this position, the authors offer a critique of other attempts to measure the number and turmoil of community protests.
Nick Simpson and Vivienne Mentor-Lalu
Authors: Luwaya Nolundi , Moult Kelley , Jefthas Diane , Jere Vitima
Published: April 2018

Few Capetonians would argue against the claim that the City has been rocked by the current water crisis that many have dubbed the most severe in modern history. Discussions about water saving techniques, membership of the ‘Water Warriors’ club, dinner party comparisons of family daily usage figures, discussion of toilet habits (to flush or not to flush?) and frenzied buying to secure 25-litre water containers have become part of daily life for those of us faced by the imminent (but previously unconscionable) threat of our taps running dry. Even the ‘proudly oily’1 premier of the Western Cape has boasted that she only showers every three days to help beat back Day Zero. But the water crisis has not only raised important questions about residents’ rights to, and responsibility for, the water they use. It has also brought to the surface interesting issues about criminality and crime control, and our individual and collective relationship to water. Stories of violence and incivility at water collection points and in supermarkets have captured attention on social media, and city dwellers have hotly debated the threat of organised crime, laws against rebottling and reselling of municipal water, and the Western Cape government’s Water Disaster Plan, which gives the police and army responsibility for maintaining safety and order at water collection points.
Of course, while questions of water saving, risk and safety feel quite new to many Capetonians, scholars, activists and policymakers (including criminologists) have been writing about these issues for much longer. The Centre for Law and Society approached two scholars/activists to discuss the water crisis and its impact on questions of vulnerability, risk and security. Nick Simpson, an environmental and human development consultant (and post-doctoral scholar at the University of Cape Town), discussed questions of criminology in the age of the Anthropocene, and Vivienne Mentor-Lalu, a researcher/facilitator for the Women and Democracy Initiative at the Dullah Omar Institute at the University of the Western Cape, spoke to us about the gendered impact of the drought. Nolundi Luwaya, Kelley Moult, Diane Jefthas and Vitima Jere contributed to this piece.
Editorial: Change, Continuity, Challenges
Authors: Moult Kelley
Published: April 2018

Editorial for the March 2018 edition.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) 12S metabarcoding Illumina MiSeq NGS PCR Protocol v1
Authors: Closek Collin , Djurhuus Anni , Pitz Katie , Kelly Ryan , Michisaki Reiko , Walz Kristine , Starks Hilary , Chavez Francisco , Boehm Alexandria , Breitbart Mya
Published: April 2018

The 12S protocol is aimed at amplifying the hypervariable region of the mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA gene in eukaryotes. The primers (MiFish-U-F & MiFish-U-R) used in this protocol were developed by Miya et al., 2015 for metabarcoding environmental DNA (eDNA) from fishes. This work was supported by NASA grant NNX14AP62A ‘National Marine Sanctuaries as Sentinel Sites for a Demonstration Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON)’ funded under the National Ocean Partnership Program (NOPP RFP NOAA-NOS-IOOS-2014-2003803 in partnership between NOAA, BOEM, and NASA), and the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) Program Office. Citation Miya M et a .2015 MiFish, a set of universal PCR primers for metabarcoding environmental DNA from fishes: detection of more than 230 subtropical marine species. R.Soc.opensci. 2: 150088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150088
Preparation of chemically competent cells v1
Authors: Behle Anna
Published: April 2018

Standard protocol to prepare cells for highly efficient DNA uptake using CaCl2.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK EKSENİNDE MANİSA CELAL BAYAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ’NİN KARBON AYAK İZİNİN HESAPLANMASINA YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: BİNBOĞA Gül , ÜNAL Aylin
Published: April 2018

Dünyanın dönüşmesinde önemli bir kırılma noktası olan Sanayi
Devrimiyle başlayan süreçte artan dünya nüfusu ve refah talebine bağlı olarak
çevreye duyarlı olmayan üretim ve tüketim tarzı birçok çevre sorununun
doğmasına neden olmuştur. İnsanlık tarihinin en önemli çevre sorunlarından biri
olarak görülen küresel ısınmaya bağlı iklim değişikliği ve diğer çevre
sorunlarıyla mücadelede sürdürülebilir kalkınma anlayışı benimsenmeye
başlanmıştır. Dünya paralelinde sürdürülebilir kalkınma anlayışını ve yeşil
büyüme modelini benimseyen Türkiye’nin sera gazı emisyonlarının ve çevre
sorunlarının giderek artması karşısında çevreye duyarlı politika ve stratejilerin
hayata geçirilmesinin önemi giderek artmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, bilim üreten ve
yayan kurumlar olarak üniversitelerin sürdürülebilir bir dünyanın
sağlanmasındaki sorumlulukları ve rolleri oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada,
Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi’nin karbon ayak izini hesaplayarak kaynakların sürdürülebilir
kullanımına ve küresel iklim değişikliği ile mücadelede yapılması gerekenlere
dikkat çekmek ve geleceğin mimarı olan üniversitelerin sorumluluk ve rollerinin
önemini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Üniversitenin birincil karbon
ayak izi IPCC Metodolojisi Tier 1 yaklaşımıyla hesaplanmış ve 2016 yılı için 8.953,906
Ton CO2 emisyonunda bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.
CONCEPTUALISING COMMUNICATION MEDIA AND FARMER’S REACTION IN PROBLEM SOLVING
Authors: Ismail Idris Bin , Sabran Rosidayu , Ariffin Yahya Bin Mohamed
Published: April 2018

Purpose: Agricultural Extension Services (AES) under structural governance reform that aimed to curb AES situational problem like insufficient of information delivery, suggested communication media principally radio as a tool for farmers to keep up with newest idea and information about agriculture technology and practices. It shows that, radio role is still pertinent on delivery of information for production output. Beyond that, this study is to examine radio as new concept that allow feedback and influence farmer’s information behavior in dealing with AES problem.

Methodology: This study propose the reaction of Malaysian paddy farmers could be shape to view insufficient of information delivery within AES as being intervention in increasing farmers’ utilization of communication media such radio. Drawing upon Kim and Grunig (2011) Situational Theory Problem Solving (STOPS) as the framework, aside from looking at the perception of publics towards certain problem. This study  construct a quantitative measure of radio through exploratory factor analysis using principal components with varimax rotation to assess the performance of each item in measuring their respective variables and to be examined within STOPS. An extensive reviews of literature then produced preliminary factor and items that were tested through a survey distributed among 110 respondents.

Findings: Exploratory factor analysis found the items fell into common factor group and finalized with seven (7) items of measurement for future study.

Practical Implications: These results offer initial guidance into the relevance of radio effected farmer’s reaction in problem solving within the proposed model of the STOPS especially at local context.

Social Implications: Study forwarded the idea of communication method that assisted public to be connected towards identified problem. Radio can be used to create awareness, share information and give a voice to the community

Research Limitations: New research to further investigate other needs of famers through the use of combination of media not specifically on radio only.

Originality Value: Study examined the role of radio in farmer’s reaction in problem solving towards insufficient information delivery to fill the gap of knowledge within the framework of the STOPS.
Homomorphic Encryption Using Enhanced BGV Encryption Scheme For Cloud Security
Authors: Prasad S.V.Suriya , Kumanan K.
Published: April 2018

Fully Homomorphic Encryption is used to enhance the security incase of un-trusted systems or applications that deals with sensitive data. Homomorphic encryption enables computation on encrypted data without decryption. Homomorphic encryption prevents sharing of data within the cloud service where data is stored in a public cloud . In Partially Homomorphic Encryption it performs either additive or multiplicative operation, but not both operation can be carried out at a same time. Whereas , in case of Fully Homomorphic Encryption both operations can be carried out at same time. In this model , Enhanced BGV Encryption Technique is used to perform FHE operations on encrypted data and sorting is performed using the encrypted data
Design Of Wireless Sensor Networks For IOT Application : A Challenges and survey
Authors: Muruganandam Mr.K. , Balamurugan Dr.B. , Khara Dr.Sibaram
Published: April 2018

Internet of things (IOT) Can be defined in many ways  it encompasses many aspects of life such as connected homes, connected cities, connected cars and roads, roads to devices that track an individual’s behaviour. It is expected that one trillion Internet-connected devices will be available with mobile phones as the eyes and ears of the applications connecting all of those connected things. IoT made it possible for billions objects to communicate over worldwide over a public, private internet protocol network In 2010. In 2010 -11 the number of everyday physical objects and devices connected to the Internet was around 12.5 billion. The essential idea of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been around for nearly two decades, and has attracted many researchers and industries because of its great estimated impact in improving our daily lives and society. When things like household appliances are connected to a network, they can work together in cooperation to provide the ideal service  as a whole, not as a collection of independently working devices. This is useful for many of the real-world applications and services, and one would for example apply it to build a smart residence; windows can be closed automatically when the air conditioner is turned on, or can be opened for oxygen when the gas oven is turned on. The idea of IoT is especially valuable or persons with disabilities, as IoT technologies can support human activities at larger scale like building or society, as the devices can mutually cooperate to act as a total system. WSNs are integrated into the “Internet of Things”, where sensor nodes join the Internet dynamically, and use it to collaborate and accomplish their tasks. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are well suited for long-term environmental data acquisition for IoT representation. In this paper, it is proposed to implement a WSN platform that can be used for a range of long-term  environmental monitoring for IoT applications. This paper

presents functional design of WSN for IoT application. To provide a comprehensive overview of the IoT scenario and reviews its enabling technologies and the sensor networks. Also, it describes a six-layered architecture of IoT and points out the related key challenges
Survey on Design and Implementation of Indoor Environment Monitoring and control system
Authors: Haris Hashi
Published: April 2018

The ideology of the Internet of things has emerged due to the consolidation of multiple technologies. IoT devices are a part of the larger concept of  home automation, also known as domotics. The application of Internet of Things in indoor environment monitoring and control has become a major area as people paying more attention to quality of environment. Intelligent solutions are proposed by studying key technologies of IoT. The system provides a new application for IoT.
IOTA-Next Generation Block chain
Authors: M Divya , Biradar Nagaveni B.
Published: April 2018

IOTA is a revolutionary new, next generation public distributed ledger that utilizes a novel invention, called a “Tangle”, at its core. The Tangle is a new data structure based on a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG). As such it has no Blocks, no Chain and also no Miners. Because of this radical new architecture, things in IOTA work quite differently compared to other Blockchains.
Service Level Agreement (SLA) for Cloud Computing Compilation with Common and New Formats
Authors: Hadi Al Kim Haider Abdul Hassan , Barua Shouman
Published: April 2018

Future fit demand and flexible solutions combined with high quality of services that is what latest information technology by cloud computing stands for. In the last couple of years, many scientists and researchers have improved computing systems that result in it more users’ friendly day by day from all perspectives. Nowadays, computing system promises to fulfill maximum outcome using minimum efforts or resources from user’s point of view, and it comes from overcoming several technological eras like cluster computing, grid computing, etc. It is obvious that as more the technology advances, the complexity also increases in terms of privacy, security, and service quality. Recently business applications want services being delivered instantly. Pay-as-you-go is the latest trend for most of the business applications and to suit it precisely a process should be followed which might be the Service Level Agreement (SLA). In this paper, we started with defining cloud computing and how it defers from traditional computing system. We also compile the format and parameters of estimating SLA for cloud computing in order to be benefited maximum from it in terms of users’ as well as providers’ perspective
Evaluation of Free - Payment School Implementation at Senior High School / Islamic Senior High School and Vocational School in the Regency of Ogan Komering Ilir
Authors: . Taslim , Sujanto Bedjo , . Hamidah
Published: April 2018

This research is concerned on the evaluation of how the policy of free payment school at senior high school / islamic senior school and vocational school in the regency of  ogan komering ilir are implemented through CIPP model which was develop by Stufflebeam’s.  The aim of the research is to dig comprehensively the implementation of the above policy.

The findings of the evaluation obtained: (1) context, program is covering all the main needs, regulations, goals, are fulfill so that the program possibly to be implemented, (2) the input, human resources, budget, strategy, the structure of the organization, infrastructures, and procedure are available, (3) the process, communication, attitude of the program implementers, and bureaucracy are well built, (4) the product of the program are helping to ease the parent’s from the school cost and to improve the quality, welfare, and the school performance.
Assessment of the Water Quality Standard of Brahmani River in terms of Physico-Chemical Parameters
Authors: Kanungo Swati , Bhuyan Nirmal Kumar , Patra Hemanta Kumar
Published: April 2018

The present investigation is aimed at assessing the current water quality standard along the stretch of Brahmani river in terms of physico-chemical parameters. In the selected study area, river Brahmani is receiving a considerable amount of industrial wastes and witnessing a considerable amount of human and agricultural activities .Nine samples were collected along the entire stretches of the river basin during the period from September-2013 to August-2014 on the first working day of every month. Various physico-chemical parameters like pH,, EC, total hardness, total alkalinity sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, nitrate, sulphate  D.O., B.O.D. etc. were analyzed. The present study indicates that the water quality of Brahmani river is well within tolerance limit taking the physico-chemical parameters into considerations.
"A Completely New Approach" to Indigenous Cultural Heritage: Evaluating the Queensland Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act
Authors: O'Neill Mark E
Published: April 2018

The Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Act 2003 challenged the hegemony that Western, archaeological methodologies has held over Indigenous cultural heritage in Australia. By choosing to relinquish state control and authority over cultural heritage in favour of the expertise of Indigenous people, the Act created a unique and innovative heritage policy. Over the 10 years the Act has been in force, it has seen a variety of approaches adopted as part of myriad projects. This has created a mature field of practice for investigation and analysis. This article examines and critiques the Act to determine its successes and weaknesses. In doing so, it offers opportunities for other policy-makers to consider as part of policy review.
The Lived Experience: A Study In Teaching Online
Authors: Morgan Bobbette M.
Published: April 2018

A researcher with five years’ experience of teaching online classes shares what she has seen and experienced while working with her students. Through the evolution of working with Tegrity, Collaborate, and ZOOM the author shares the lived experience. The work of Max van Manen, a phenomenological researcher, serves as the framework. Descriptions are included of experiences from actual online classes. Research supports the findings: communication is essential in online classes; establishing a community of learners provides support to all involved; and students need to be accountable to themselves, the class and to the professors.
They’re Monstrous! Teaching Flashed Face Distortion To Improve Speaking Apprehension
Authors: Majocha Kristen L. , Mullennix John W.
Published: April 2018

Researchers have long established that people who believe they are attractive have higher self-esteem (Aronson & Linder, 1965).  Recent studies show that students with higher self-esteem have less speaking apprehension (Elfering & Grebner, 2012).  Teachers in higher education can help students rethink their attractiveness in an attempt to help boost their self-esteem through an in-class activity that demonstrates Flashed Face Distortion Effect. This improved self-appraisal can reduce speaking apprehension in any class that includes a public presentation element. This interpretive qualitative research presents a novel single-class activity that can be useful in any course that includes a public presentation element.  The objective of the activity is to lower student speaking apprehension when they publically present.
Indicadores De Resultados Universitarios: Un Estudio De Métodos Mixtos
Authors: De La Rosa Olga María Alegre , Angulo Luis Miguel Villar
Published: April 2018

In this study, university performance indicators (students’ success rates, efficiency, graduation, dropout and attainment) of different fields of knowledge are analyzed to compare them with the opinion of the quality commissions of the different university centers. Mixed methods were used: a quantitative analysis of percentage means of the different fields of knowledge for the five university performance indicators and a qualitative analysis by means of a SWOT (weaknesses, threats, strengths and opportunities) with the opinion of the quality commissions in six dimensions of content: training program, infrastructure and resources, students, teachers, and institutional elements. Health Sciences are shown as the only branch of knowledge that improves the success rate in three years, however Social Sciences and Law and Engineering and Architecture improve efficiency. The Arts and Humanities branch has the highest dropout rate. We find similarities with other studies in the success rates improvement in Health Sciences, which contrasts with the dropout rates of Engineering and Architecture, as well as the low rate of graduation in the History of Art degree. It is proposed a longitudinal review of the instructional methods, training in university teaching and a plan for improvement student learning progress and enhancing performance of trainees.