bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tungsten Thin Films and Nanometer Powder by Low Pressure Plasma Spray
Authors: McKechnie T.N. , O’Dell J.S.
Published: December 2022

A new plasma chemical process has been found that produces tungsten thin films. Using fine powders or precursors as feedstocks, the process vaporizes the feedstocks and then deposits nanometer size grains. The deposition kinetics of structures produced with this technique vary greatly from classical plasma spraying methods. Equiaxed and columnar grains (30-150 nm) are formed instead of splat structures, although the grains may continue to grow after spraying.
Homogenization of Coating Properties in Atmospheric Plasma Spraying – New Results of a DFG (German Research Foundation)-Funded Research Group
Authors: Bobzin K. , Bagcivan N. , Parkot D. , Petkovic I. , Schein J. , Forster G. , Zimmermann S. , Marques J.-L. , Bach Fr.-W. , Möhwald K. , Prehm J. , Hartz K.
Published: December 2022

In order to homogenize the properties of APS sprayed coatings, the spray process was investigated using numerical simulations combined with innovative diagnostic techniques. The process was subdivided into three areas: the plasma torch, the free jet, and coating formation. By simulating these areas separately and combining the results, appropriate process parameters for homogenized coatings were obtained. For a comprehensive computation of coating formation which, besides the impact, flattening, and solidification of particles, includes the mechanical properties of the coating, a volume of fluid algorithm is coupled with a finite element model. In order to verify the modeling of the plasma jet and to provide input data for the coating formation, diagnostic efforts were concentrated on measuring the gas temperature of the plasma as well as particle shape, velocity, and temperature. The results of spatially resolved 3D analysis employing an innovative tomography system are presented and compared with the numerical results.
Development of Iron Based Wire Feedstocks and Their Processing by Electric Arc Spraying
Authors: Bobzin K. , Schläfer T. , Zhao L. , Kutschmann P.
Published: December 2022

Iron-based wire feedstocks represent a technical as well as economical alternative to carbide reinforced feedstocks for wear protection applications. To assess the potential of such feedstocks, iron-based cored wires were developed with up to 6 wt% boron. The feedstocks were deposited by electric arc spraying, forming hard, partially amorphous coatings with embedded nanocrystalline boride precipitations. To further improve wear resistance, chromium carbide was blended into the powder filling in some wires. Coatings produced from all feedstocks were evaluated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness measurements.
Microstructure and Properties of New Developed Fe-Cr-C-B Powders for Wear-Protection Purposes
Authors: Pelz A.
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses the development of Fe-Cr-C-B powder feedstocks for the production of wear-resistant coatings by HVOF spraying. Chromium content in the powder is in the range of 30 wt% and carbon content is about 5 wt%, yielding a unique powder structure that results in coatings with high and well distributed carbide content. Powder and coating microstructure are examined and the results of wear tests are presented. The extent to which the powders can substitute for conventional carbide coatings is discussed as well.
Comparison of In-Flight Particle Properties, Splat Formation, and Coating Microstructure for Regular and Nano-YSZ Powders
Authors: Elsebaei A. , Heberlein J. , Elshaer M. , Farouk A.
Published: December 2022

This work investigates the effect of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) parameters on in-flight particle properties, splat morphology, and coating microstructure for conventional and nano-size YSZ powders. Particle temperature and velocity were measured using a dual-slit velocimeter and individual splats and coating microstructures were examined in a scanning electron microscope. The results show that total porosity increases with decreasing arc current and increasing stand-off distance and that conventional powder coatings have higher total porosity at higher arc currents than coatings made from nanopowder. The effect of substrate temperature on splat formation was also assessed. Splat flattening and circularity increase with increasing substrate temperature, particularly for nanopowders.
Process Measurement and Data Storage Integrated in a Thermal Spray Gun
Authors: Rueedi U. , Kilchenmann A.
Published: December 2022

This paper introduces a gun monitoring device that measures thermal spray process variables directly inside the gun. It explains the advantages of measuring operating variables inside the gun and why it is important to have gun-relevant data stored within the gun itself.
Non-Linear Mechanical Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Coatings under Mechanical and Thermal Loading
Authors: Musalek R. , Matejicek J. , Vilemova M. , Kovarik O.
Published: December 2022

This study investigates the mechanical response of plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings to different levels of mechanical and thermal loading. Test samples were subjected to four-point bending and thermal cycling loads. Nonlinear behavior and significant hysteresis were observed, indicative of inelastic phenomena. Previous tests were complemented by structural examinations and bonded-interface testing. Relevant structural features and possible mechanisms underlying this behavior are discussed.
Characterization of Complex Thermal Barrier Deposits Pore Microstructures by a Combination of Imaging, Scattering and Intrusion Techniques
Authors: Ilavsky J.
Published: December 2022

This paper reviews some of the tools used to characterize the pore microstructure of thermally sprayed thermal barrier coatings. It describes the capabilities of optical and SEM analysis, intrusion porosimetry, high-flux X-ray and neutron imaging, small-angle scattering, and X-ray microtomography. It explains why it is often necessary to combine multiple techniques and provides examples showing where it has been done and what it can achieve. It also reviews commonly used porosity descriptors.
An Approach to Control the Interlamellar Bonding of Plasma-Sprayed Y2O3-ZrO2 Coatings through Deposition Temperature
Authors: Li C.-J. , Xing Y.-Z. , Li C.-X. , J. Yang G.-
Published: December 2022

Plasma-sprayed ceramic coatings exhibit a lamellar structure with a mean bonding ratio of less than 32%, which dominates coating properties and limits the performance that can be achieved. In this study, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings were plasma sprayed at different deposition (substrate surface) temperatures up to a maximum of 1100 °C. The lamellar mean bonding ratio, estimated from the ionic conductivity of the YSZ coatings, was found to increase from 32% in room temperature deposits to more than 75% in the deposits prepared at 1100 °C. Evidence of this improvement is also observed in fractured deposit cross-sections. The results show that controlling deposition temperature is an effective way to optimize lamellar interface bonding and, as a result, coating properties.
Three Years Corrosion Tests of Nanocomposite Epoxy Sealer for Metalized Coatings on the East China Sea
Authors: Chun-long Y. , Yun-qi A. , Ya-tan S.
Published: December 2022

Nanocomposite epoxies are novel sealants developed especially for sealing metalized coatings. In order to test the corrosion protection performance of arc-sprayed aluminum coatings plus this sealer, steel panels were coated and placed in a corrosion test site on the East China Sea. Test panels were mounted in a marine atmosphere zone, seawater splash zone, tidal zone, and full-immersion zone. Several tests were conducted including corrosion and coating adhesion tests. This paper presents the results obtained from composite-coated steel panels after three years of seawater exposure.
Thermal Spray Process Training – A New Perspective
Authors: Sauer J.P. , Carroll M.
Published: December 2022

This paper provides best practices along with a detailed example of how to effectively meet thermal spray training needs. It discusses the importance of giving students hands-on experience with real equipment and the many and varied problems they are likely to encounter with its use. It also discusses the value of allowing students to learn by exposing them to improper techniques, flawed approaches, and incorrect equipment repairs.
“Anna Karenina”: a Suicidological Study
Authors:   Moscow Psychiatric Research Institute, a branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology (a Federal Government-funded Institution) Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Chistopolskaya K.A. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Enikolopov S.N. ,   Mental Health Research Center (a Federal Government-funded Academic Institution); Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2022

Objective of the Review: to analyze one of the most popular L. Tolstoy’s works “Anna Karenina” by showing that it illustrates classic and contemporary theories of suicide, starting from the sociological study of suicide by E. Durkheim. Key Points. The novel depicts four episodes of suicidal behavior: ego-dystonic thoughts (Lewin), suicide attempt (Vronsky), completed suicide (Anna) and volunteer fighters (Vronsky and other men going to war). The article draws parallels with four types of suicide according to E. Durkheim: anomic, egoistic, fatalistic and altruistic. Besides, the paper points out changes in worldviews of the main characters that happen after their mortality was made salient, which corresponds to Terror Management Theory in social psychology and works of cultural anthropologist E. Becker. In the end, we look at Anna’s presuicidal state from the point of view of Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide by I. Galynker. Conclusion. Thus, the novel “Anna Karenina” can help specialists in studying various theories of suicidal behavior, as L. Tolstoy carefully depicted the phenomenology of suicidal feelings and mechanisms of psychological defense from the fears of death, even before suicidology was established as a science. Keywords: suicide, Durkheim, Terror Management Theory, Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide, Suicide Crisis Syndrome.
Catholic Social Teaching as a Source of Enrichment of the Moral Dimension of Social Enterprise Management
Authors: Zadroga Adam
Published: December 2022

Social enterprises perceive social and environmental issues as primary objectives of their hybrid socio-economic activities. They believe that financial stability is a prerequisite, not a goal. This approach is similar to Catholic social teaching (CST). The detailed content of the social encyclicals is a valuable means of deeper exploration and enrichment of the moral dimension of social enterprise management. The following article analyses social entrepreneurship from the point of view of the fundamental principles of CST and theological premises. The reference to the management of a social enterprise of the supreme personalistic standard and principles such as the common good, subsidiarity, and solidarity allows the moral dimension of this process to be understood more deeply. The paper was created based on a method appropriate to research focused on moral theology and CST. First, the content of selected literature on the subject (social entrepreneurship) and carefully selected theological-moral sources (especially papal documents and publications by CST researchers) were analysed. Subsequently, the results of the analysis were subjected to inference and conceptual work in relation to the adopted general research objective and specific research tasks: the phenomenon of social enterprises was described; the specific features and limitations of the social enterprise management process were identified; the fundamental principles of Catholic social teaching as normative criteria for social enterprise management were reviewed; the possibility of applying the aforementioned CST principles to social enterprise practice was discussed and presented, and the final conclusions were formulated.
WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN THE SOURCES OF DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY OF RURAL AREAS IN THE NORTH OF KALMYKIA
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Baklanova D. V.
Published: December 2022

Purpose: assessment of water quality in the source of centralized domestic water supply in the settlements of Bolshoy Tsaryn and Mirny in Oktyabrsky district of Kalmy-kia according to the main monitored indicators. Materials and methods. Water resources in the source of domestic water supply (before and after their treatment) in the settlements of Bolshoy Tsaryn and Mirny were considered as objects of study. The factual materials for the study were the protocols of laboratory studies of water quality in the distribution network of the settlement of Bolshoy Tsaryn, an explanatory note to the scheme of water supply and disposal of the settlements of Bolshoy Tsaryn and Mirny of Oktyabrsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia (2019), separate sections of the Scheme for the Integrated Use and Protection of Water Bodies of Endorheic Areas in the Interfluve of the Terek, Don and Volga (2014), as well as materials from previously published studies on the topic under consideration. Results. An analysis of the laboratory testing of samples shows that the water in the considered water supply source is suitable according to radiological indicators and the results of sanitary and hygienic analyzes, however, its quality does not meet the requirements of regulatory documents in terms of color (exceeds 20°) and turbidity (more than 2.6 FMU). Conclusions. When comparing analyzes of water samples taken from the network before and after treatment, it can be concluded that its organoleptic properties after purification are reduced by 15.9–26.2 % in terms of “color” and by 25.29–47.4 % in terms of “turbidity”, this is not always enough to meet the requirements of Sanitary Rules and Regulations. To address the issues of increased water color and turbidity, it is necessary to carry out deepening measures in the water intake area, as well as systematic cleaning of the canal's water supply network from sediment. In addition, it is necessary to consider the possibility of drinking water post-treatment through additional filtration.
REVIEW OF WATER DESALINATION METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR DRINKING WATER SUPPLY
Authors:   Russian Scientific Research Institute of Land Improvement Problems, Talalaeva V. F.
Published: December 2022

Purpose: review of existing technologies and methods of seawater desalination for drinking water supply. Discussion. Based on modern research methods using statistical data and a review of domestic and foreign literature, a review of methods and technologies for desalination and desaltation of highly mineralized natural waters was carried out. The use of sea water for domestic purposes is impossible due to the high content of minerals, however, after desalination, such water can be used for drinking. The choice of technologies and methods of desalination is primarily determined by the quality of source water, as well as the requirements for the quality of treated water, plant productivity and technical and economic calculations. For the drinking water supply purposes, the most efficient and cost-effective method is desalination using reverse osmosis technology, used for both sea and groundwater with high salinity. Reverse osmosis technology has significant advantages over thermal desalination, especially when applied to small-scale plants of small domestic water supply systems. The use of reverse osmosis plants will significantly increase productivity of drinking water output per watt of electricity consumed. Conclusions. The introduction of modern technologies and careful attention to water consumption play a significant role in maintaining water balance in different countries. The most cost-effective and efficient method is seawater desalination using reverse osmosis plants. Despite the fact that water desalination and desaltion plants are very expensive, the conservation of natural waters is a priority nowadays.
Okullarda Yapılan Denetim Uygulamalarının Öğretmenlerde Yarattığı Stres
Authors: ASLAN Hüseyin , BAYDIN Ayşe Hülya , GÜLMEZ Buket
Published: December 2022

Araştırmanın amacı okullarda yapılan denetim uygulamalarının öğretmenlerde yarattığı stres durumlarını belirlemektir. Denetimin öğretmenlerde yarattığı stres durumlarının belirlenmesindeki bu nitel araştırmada fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu maksimum çeşitlilik ile belirlenmiş ve toplam yirmi öğretmenin görüşleri betimsel analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda öğretmenler, denetim uygulamalarının öğretmende yarattığı stres kaynaklarını denetçinin davranışlarından kaynaklanan; iletişim dilinin sert ve soğuk olması, denetim kavramından kaynaklanan; izleme, kontrol durumunun telaş yaratması, denetimin değerlendirme kriterlerinden kaynaklanan streslerin; kriterlerinin net olmaması, kriterlere kişisel ilişkilerin yansıması ve denetlenenin kendisinden kaynaklanan stres durumları ise; aşırı heyecanlandıklarından performanslarını yansıtamayacaklarına ilişkin görüşleri ve denetimin anlamsızlığına ilişkin görüşlerini ifade etmişlerdir.
Фигурка животного из мергеля со Среднего Урала
Authors:   Институт истории, языка и литературы Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук, Котов Вячеслав , Непомнящий Александр ,   Центр развития  творчества им. Н.Е. Бобровой, Непомнящая Оксана ,   Центр развития твор-чества им. Н.Е. Бобровой, Вараксина Виолетта
Published: December 2022

Изучение находок первобытного искусства дает возможность получения разнообраз-ной и комплексной информации по материальной и духовной культуре древнего населения, а также о путях возможных миграций носителей тех или иных образов и технологий. В этой связи большой ин-терес представляет случайная находка скульптурки животного из мергеля. Она была найдена в 2018 г. во время бурения скважины на огороде с. Кленовское Нижне-Сергинского района Свердловской об-ласти, вблизи места слияния рек Пут и Бисерть, на уровне первой надпойменной террасы. Фигурка была выполнена на плоском куске плотного мергеля серо-желтого цвета. Скульптура была очищена от кальцитовых натеков и изучена с помощью микроскопа. Установлено, что она была создана каменными орудиями в эпоху камня. Статуэтка более похожа на фигурку молодого мамонта или молодого носо-рога. Аналогии данному изделию по стилистике и технике изображения присутствуют в материалах виллендорфско-павлово-костенковской общности древностью 25–30 тысяч лет. Место находки может маркировать стоянку этого населения на территории Среднего Урала.
История изучения энеолита Среднего Предуралья
Authors:   Пермский государственный гуманитарно-педагогический университет, Жижин Сергей , Лычагина Евгения
Published: December 2022

В статье рассматривается процесс становления представлений об энеолите Средне-го Предуралья – Верхнего и Среднего Прикамья. Авторы выделяют четыре этапа развития этих пред-ставлений. На первом этапе, в 1930-е гг., экспедицией ГАИМК были обнаружены первые памятники с пористой керамикой, которые были отнесены к позднему неолиту, и дано их описание. На втором этапе О.Н. Бадером была предложена концепция турбинской культуры эпохи бронзы, к которой были отнесены поселенческие памятники с пористой керамикой и памятники с плотной керамикой, орна-ментированной «флажком» по венчику. Все памятники были разделены на отдельные культурные типы – гаринский, борский, ольховский, частинский, новоильинский. Каждый культурный тип получил свое описание и культурно-хронологическую атрибуцию. На третьем этапе предложенная О.Н. Бадером концепция подверглась критике и была пересмотрена. Поселенческие памятники были отделены от могильников турбинско-сейминского типа и отнесены к энеолиту. Исследователи предложили выде-лять на территории региона три энеолитические культуры: новоильинскую, гаринскую и борскую. На современном этапе, благодаря проведению радиоуглеродного датирования материалов всех культурных типов, была уточнена хронологическая позиция каждой из описанных культур. Новоильинская культу-ра стала трактоваться как постнеолитическая – переходная от неолита к энеолиту. По-прежнему акту-альными и не до конца решенными остаются вопросы происхождения гаринской и борской культуры, соотношения памятников Верхнего (Чусовского) и Среднего (Осинского) Прикамья, слабо разработана внутренняя периодизация выделенных культур. Мы надеемся, что дальнейшие исследования помогут решить эти и другие вопросы.
Итоги археологического обследования верхнего течения р. Янгелька в горно-степной зоне Южного Зауралья
Authors:   Институт истории, языка и литературы Уфимского  федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук, Хурмаев Анвар
Published: December 2022

В статье приводятся данные о результатах археологического обследования верхнего течения р. Янгелька в Абзелиловском районе Башкортостана в 2021 году. Общая длина маршрута по обоим берегам реки составила 14 км. Ранее на этом участке было выявлено три разновременных памятника (стоянки Банное-1, Каран-4, могильник Аумышево-1). В результате разведочных работ выявлено 6 новых памятникови зафиксирована одна единичная находка. К однослойным памятни-кам неолита-энеолита относятсястоянки Елимбетово-5, Елимбетово-7 иЯкты-Куль-2,к однослойным памятникам эпохи бронзы– стоянка Елимбетово-6, к однослойным памятникам Нового времени – селище Якты-Куль-3,к многослойным памятникам – стоянка Елимбетово-8 (неолит-энеолит, эпоха раннего железаи Нового времени). К среднему палеолиту относится единичная находка нуклеуса на левом берегу р. Янгелька. Все памятники приурочены к берегамр. Янгелька и ее притока – р. Каран, располагаются на их слабовыраженных мысовидных возвышенностях. Выявленныепамятники эпохи камня представляют собой кратковременные стоянки охотников, что подтверждают собранные орудия. Это дополняет картину хозяйственного освоения округи озерной системы Банное-Сабакты-Карабалыкты и уже сейчас можно говорить о том, что население этой территории финального периода эпохи камня не ограничивалось лишь рыболовством на берегах озёр, но и уходило от них на значительные расстояния, активно осваиваявсе окружающие малые водотоки, в т.ч. и самый крупный из них – р. Янгелька. Применительно к Новому времени интересно селище Якты-Куль-3. Судя по собранному материалу конца XIX– начала XX вв., включающему в себя фрагменты гончарных глиняных сосудов, железных изделий, хозяйственного инструментария, а также по зафиксированным жилищным впадинам и искус-ственной плотине, можно говорить о небольшом стационарном поселенческом памятнике, на котором велась активная хозяйственная деятельность.
The Golden Years of the History of Physics at the S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Vizgin Vladimir
Published: December 2022

Based on the scientific biographical approach, the history of physics at the Institute for the History of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences is presented in the article as a succession of scientific biographies of prominent historians of physical science with their main scientific accomplishments and historiographic conceptions. About a dozen such leaders were singled out, including several physicists and philosophers of science. Scientific seminars, periodicals and main collective works of historians of physics as well as their participation in the international congresses on the history of science are considered. The period from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s is shown to be the “golden twenty years” of the history of physics at the Institute. The article includes the fragments of the author’s memoirs.
Zavod prije Zavoda
Authors: Kolić Marko , Seiweth Sven , Batelja Vuletić Lovorka
Published: December 2022

Autorima rada cilj je prikazati osnutak Zavoda za patologiju Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. U radu se analiziraju prve godine Zavoda za patologiju, odnosno razdoblje od 1918. do 1922. Naglasak je na izgradnji Zavoda i poteškoćama na koje se pritom nailazilo. U tekstu će biti govora i o osobama koje su bile ključne za pokretanje Zavoda za patologiju. U literaturi se do sada uglavnom navodilo kako je ključna osoba za pokretanje Zavoda za patologiju bio Sergej Saltykow, patolog ruskog podrijetla. Iako je Saltykowljeva uloga neupitna, cilj je rada prikazati još neke koji su u većoj ili manjoj mjeri pridonijeli osnutku Zavoda. Tako će ovdje više riječi biti o Vaclavu Neumannu, Đorđu Joanoviću, Walteru Berlingeru i drugima. Dan je i kraći kontekst s naglaskom na osnutak Medicinskog fakulteta i patologiju u Zagrebu prije osnutka Zavoda za patologiju. Svakako treba istaknuti Prosekturu javnih zdravstvenih zavoda grada Zagreba i zemaljskog zavoda u Stenjevcu te Ljudevita Juraka kao prvog predstojnika. Prosektura je imala ključnu ulogu za razvoj sudske medicine i patologije u Hrvatskoj. Osim dostupne literature, rad je većim dijelom napisan na temelju arhivske građe koja se pretežno nalazi u arhivu Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.
"Što vriedi elektricitet kao lijek"?
Authors: Fatović-Ferenčić Stella , Brkić Midžić Silvija
Published: December 2022

U razdoblju od 18. do 20. stoljeća elektroterapija se u različitim zemljama primjenjuje s različitom učestalošću i rezultatima. Primjena elektroterapije pokazatelj je usvajanja i prenošenja znanja iz temeljnih znanosti (fizike) u medicinu te prijenosa postupaka u liječenju iz stranih zemalja i njihova usvajanja u našoj sredini. Najranije informacije o elektroterapiji u Hrvatskoj odnose se na oglašavanje uređaja za elektroterapiju u medijskom prostoru, slijede ih poduke o elektricitetu i mogućnostima njegove primjene iz pera fizičara u publikacijama popularnog tipa, potom objave iskustava naših liječnika na stranicama strukovnih glasila. U ovom radu identificirani su sadržaji naših liječnika o elektroterapiji od 1897. i tijekom prve polovice 20. stoljeća. Od samih početaka ovu metodu prate rasprave o njezinoj učinkovitosti i opravdanju, koje traju do danas. Sačuvani elektroterapijski uređaji koji su prikazani u ovom radu važna su dopuna medicinskoj historiografiji i dragocjen segment medicinske materijalne kulture čiji su tragovi sačuvani i na području Hrvatske.
The "Neapolitan School of Electrotherapy" Between the Late Nineteenth and the First Decades of the Twentieth Century
Authors: Cascella Marco
Published: December 2022

Electrotherapy is the use of electrical energy as a medical treatment. In the nineteenth century, the “golden age” of electrotherapy, the development of this discipline was part of a historical-scientific context characterized by the affirmation of neurology as an autonomous branch and, finally, detached from psychiatry. After a period of limited scientific interest and development, in the second half of the 20th century, electrotherapy underwent a revival. Nowadays, the use of electrotherapy has been researched and accepted in various fields of medicine, including but not limited to rehabilitation, neurology, pain management, and oncology. From its first applications, electrotherapy joined neurology which used it for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In Italy, several scientists carried out experiments on the subject, and an important contribution to the development of the discipline was provided by the “Neapolitan school of electrotherapy”. This improvement was made above all by Francesco Vizioli (1834- 1899) and his pupil Francesco Paolo Sgobbo (1860-1936). Despite these premises, however, the decline of electrotherapy as an autonomous science soon came. Meanwhile, radiology, associated initially with electrotherapy, developed rapidly. When Mario Bertolotti (1876- 1957), former professor of Radiology at the University of Turin and one of the founders of Italian radiology, succeeded Sgobbo in 1935, the name (and the discipline) “electrotherapy” was deleted from the diction of the new chair, and from that of the department, which was indicated only as “Radiology”. Radiodiagnostic devices, supplies, and roentgen therapy equipment replaced the numerous devices used for electrotherapy. This manuscript is focused on the Neapolitan school of electrotherapy from the late nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth. The work of the leading figures who have given the greatest impetus to the study and application of electrotherapy is described. Finally, the electrotherapy devices used are briefly illustrated.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA TENTANG BATASAN CAIRAN DENGAN PENINGKATAN IDWG PADA PASIEN GGK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS DI RSUD RATU ZALECHA MARTAPURA
Authors: Rizani Khairir , Marlinda Evy , Suryani Muhammad
Published: December 2022

(a) Pendahuluan : Dukungan Keluarga pasien GGK merupakan terapi konseptual dimana akan terjadi hubungan interaksi  antara  pasein  dan  keluarga karena  pada  pasien  GGK  akan  mengalami  sejumlah  perubahan bagi hidupnnya sehingga menghilangkan semangat hidup pasien.  Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG) merupakan peningkatan volume cairan yang dimanifestasikan dengan peningkatan berat badan sebagai dasar untuk mengetahui jumlah cairan yang masuk selama periode interdialisis.

(b) Tujuan :  Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan keluarga tentang batasan cairan dengan peningkatan IDWG pada pasien gagal ginjal gronik yang menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura.

(c) Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif korelasi dengan teknik Purposive Sampling

pada 47 responden yang menjalani hemodialisis dengan analisis uji Spearman Rank Correlation.

(d) Hasil : Sebagian besar responden (89.6%) dengan dukungan yang baik dan sebagian besar pasien (74.5%) mengalami peningkatan IDWG normal (<5%). Hasil uji Spearman Rank Correlation menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga tentang batasan cairan dengan peningkatan IDWG pada pasien GGK yang menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura dengan hasil p-value 0.770. (e) kesimpulan : tidak ada hubunugan antara dukungan keluarga tentang batasan cairan dengan peningkatan IDWG pada pasien GGK yang menjalani Hemodialisis di RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN PASIEN HIV-AIDS DALAM TERAPI ANTITEROVIRAL (ARV)
Authors: Sari Yeni Kartika , Nurmawati Thatit , Putri Hidayat Aprilia
Published: December 2022

The level of patient adherence in the treatment of HIV-AIDS in Indonesia is very low. There are many factors that can affect it. The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship of family support, age, sex, education level, income and length of ARV’s program with the level of ARV therapy adherence in Poli Cendana Ngudi Waluyo Hospital.

This research is an observational analytic study with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all HIV AIDS patients in the Poli Cendana Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Hospital of 163 people. The sample in this study was 30 people suitable with inclusion criteria. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing the characteristics of respondents and an MMAS-8 questionnaire to identify respondent compliance. Analysis of data using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with p≤0.05.

The results showed that there was a relationship between family support, age, level of education, income and length of time following the ARV program with adherence. Whereas gender is proven to have no relationship with adherence. So it is recommended to the hospital to maximize assistance to HIV AIDS patients and improve health education to the patient's family so that patient compliance in undergoing ARV therapy increases.

 

Key words: family support, adherence, ARV
THE DESCRIPTIONS OF SALT CONSUMPTION AMONG FARMERS WITH HYPERTENSION IN PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES OF PANTI DISTRICT, JEMBER REGENCY
Authors: Andriani Indri , Rasni Hanny , Susanto Tantut , Susumaningrum Latifa Aini , Siswoyo Slamet
Published: December 2022

Farmers with hypertension need to restricting their sodium intake to have a better condition. The purpose of this study was describe the restricting sodium intake among farmers with hypertension in Panti District, Jember Regency. A cross-Sectional study design was conducted among 131 hypertensive farmers using consecutive sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to identify the socio-demography of farmers. Dietary Sodium Restriction Questionnaire (DSRQ-I) and Sphygmomanometer was used to measured restricting sodium intake and blood pressure among farmers with hypertension, respectively. One sample t test was used to analyze the objective of the study (p >0,05). Among 131 farmers with hypertension were experienced 75,6% of hypertension systolic stage I and 74,8% of hypertension diastolic stage I, respectively. Meanwhile, score of subjective attitudes and norms was 27,29 ± 4,602 among farmers with hypertension. Meanwhile, farmers with hypertension have a bad attitude toward limiting sodium intake. Furthermore, score of control of perceived behavior was 17,12 ± 4,237 among farmers with hypertension. Meanwhile, farmers with hypertension have many obstacles to limiting their sodium intake. Therefore, monitoring of blood pressure and regulating of restricting sodium intake among farmers with hypertension should be maintained regularly per month through Posyandu Non-Communicable Disease (PTM).
THE RELATION BETWEEN OBESITY AND HYPERTENSION AMONG FARMERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES OF PANTI DISTRICT, JEMBER REGENCY
Authors: Atika Dewi Negeri , Rasni Hanny , Susumaningrum Latifa Aini , Susanto Tantut , Siswoyo Slamet
Published: December 2022

Lack of physical activity and reducing resto f time among farmer has improved body safety. This condition affected increasing weight gain and risk for incidence of hypertension among farmers. The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation between obesity and hypertension incident to farmers at Panti Sub-District Jember Regency. A cross-sectional study desaign was conducted among 248 of farmers aged 20-55 using Stratified Random Sampling. Visual observation, scale, stature meter was used to measure obesity among farmers, and digital tensimeter was used to measure blood pressure. Chi-square test was performed to analyze relationship between Obesity and Hypertension incident. Among 248 of farmers, obesity of farmers were 27,4%. Hypertension among farmers were 36,3% of sistole and 36,7% of diastole. There were significantly relationship between obesity and Hypertension of sistole (p Value = 0,001), meanwhile there is no correlation between obesity and the hypertension incidence based on diastolic blood pressure (p Value = 0,779). Furtheremore, low obesity and hypertension among farmers are indicated health problems. Therefore, health workers should be more vigilant and can develop programs to reduce the incidence of these health problems.

Keywords: Hypertension, Obesity, Farmers
Multimodal interaction aware embedding for location-based social networks
Authors: Yu Ruiyun , Yang Kang , Wang Zhihong , Zhen Shi
Published: December 2022

Location-based social networks (LBSNs) have greatly promoted the development of the field of human mobility mining. However, the sparsity, multimodality and heterogeneity nature of the user check-in data remains a great concern for learning high-quality user or other entity representations, especially in the downstream application tasks, such as point-of-interest (POI) recommendation. Most existing methods focus on user preference modeling based on sequential POI tags without exploring the interaction between different modalities (e.g., user-user interactions, user-timestamp interactions, user-POI interactions, etc.). To this end, we introduce a multimodal interaction aware embedding framework to generate reliable entity embeddings on the heterogeneous socio-spatial network. At its core, first, multi-modal interaction sub-graph sampling techniques are designed to capture the heterogeneous contexts; then, a self-supervised contrastive learning technique is leveraged to extract intra-modality and inter-modality interactions in a light way. We conduct experiments on the next-POI recommendation tasks based on three real-world datasets. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our model over the state-of-the-art embedding learning algorithms.
Is There A Benefit of Restaging Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor Prior to Radical Cystectomy With or Without Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Authors: Mehr Justin P. , Bates Jenna N. , Lerner Seth P.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: One of the best predictors of positive outcomes in bladder cancer (BC) is pT0 following radical cystectomy (RC). Discordance between clinical and pathologic staging affects decision-making in patients with clinical absence of disease (cT0). OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether a restaging transurethral resection of bladder tumor (re-TURBT) improves clinical staging accuracy relative to pathologic stage RC in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) versus those who did not receive NAC. METHODS: We queried our prospectively maintained IRB approved institutional database to identify 129 patients who underwent RC from 2013 to 2019 with a re-TURBT prior to RC. 53 patients were treated with NAC between their initial and re-TURBT and 76 patients were not treated with NAC. RESULTS: The overall upstaging rate from re-TURBT to RC was 34.9%. There was no significant difference in the upstaging rate between the NAC and no-NAC groups - 31.0% vs. 37.0%, respectively. In patients who were cT0 on re-TURBT, the NAC group did not show a significantly greater rate of pathologic clinical CR (pT0) than the no NAC group - 38.5% vs. 37.5%, respectively. Re-TURBT with staging < rT2 as a predictor for absence of MIBC on pathologic staging (<ypT2) did not show a significant difference between the NAC and no NAC group, with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 69.0% and 66.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Re-TURBT after NAC does not show statistically significant improvement in staging accuracy relative to pathologic stage at RC compared to re-TURBT in patients not treated with NAC.
Assessing the effects of sway-back posture on global and regional spinal sagittal angles using inertial measurement units
Authors: Shin Sun-Shil , An Duk-Hyun , Yoo Won-Gyu
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Sway-back posture in the sagittal profile is a commonly adopted poor standing posture. Although the terms, definitions, and adverse health problems of sway-back posture are widely used clinically, few studies have quantified sway-back posture. OBJECTIVE: To investigate spinal sagittal alignment in sway-back posture while standing based on global and regional angles using inertial measurement units (IMUs). METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 30 asymptomatic young adults. After measuring the sway angle while standing, the participants were divided into sway-back and non-sway-back groups (normal thoracic group). Each participant stood in a comfortable posture for 5 seconds with IMUs at the T1, T7, T12, L3, and S2 levels. Then, we measured the global and regional lumbar and thoracic angles and sacral inclination in the standing position. RESULTS: Although there was no difference in the global lumbar angle, there was a difference in regional lumbar angles between the two groups. The normal thoracic group had balanced lumbar lordosis between the upper and lower lordotic arcs, whereas the sway back group tended to have a flat upper lumbar angle and increased lower lumbar angle. CONCLUSION: It is useful to assess the global and regional angles in the spinal sagittal assessment of individuals with sway-back posture.
Skeletal muscle tissue composition ratio in patients with hip fracture: Comparison of fractured side and non-fractured side
Authors: Takahiro Fujimoto , Shigeharu Tanaka
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The extent of asymmetry in the muscle tissue composition ratios with hip fractures has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a difference in the muscle tissue composition ratios between the fractured and non-fractured sides of the trunk and thighs immediate measurement. METHODS: Forty-four patients (84.6 ± 7.0 years) were included. Computed tomography images were used for measurements. The muscle tissue composition ratio was measured using muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and attenuation coefficient (Hounsfield units; HU). Defined each HU attenuation range as follows: low-density muscle (LDM), low-quality muscle tissue with fat infiltration, normal-density muscle (NDM), muscle contractor tissue, and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), fat infiltration tissue. The CSA of each muscle tissue was expressed as a percentage: %LDM, %NDM, and %IMAT. A paired t-test was performed for comparison. RESULTS: The %LDM on the fractured side was higher in the thigh and erector spinae. The %NDM on the fractured side was lower in the thigh. There was no significant difference in the %IMAT for all muscles. CONCLUSION: The thigh on the fractured side showed asymmetry with low %NDM and high %LDM. This characteristic captures a characteristic of muscle tissue that may have importance in hip fracture etiology.
Option price predictability, splines, and expanded rationality
Authors: Dong Huijian , Guo Xiaomin
Published: December 2022

The current practice of option price forecast relies on the outputs of various option pricing models. The expected value of the current option price is widely regarded as the best forecast for the future price, assuming the option prices evolve with a Brownian motion. However, volatility clustering, transaction illiquidity, and demand-supply imbalance drive the future option prices off the modeled price targets. Therefore, we suggest using the spline method to forecast option prices directly. The focus is the accuracy of the forecasted asset price in the next period, rather than if the pricing models correctly produce the current price. We use fifteen years of daily SPY American option contract prices to examine the spline model forecast accuracy. Among the 476,882 forecasts produced, the mean forecasting error size is $3.66 × 10-3, with a standard deviation of 1.33 and a median error of $5.54 × 10-17. The forecast accuracy is stable across contracts with different terms and moneyness. The spline forecast model incorporates the illiquidity issue and avoids the vital pitfalls in the current leading option pricing techniques.
Resource utilization and convalescent care cost in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome
Authors: Ronan K. , Hughes Driscoll C.A. , Decker E. , Gopalakrishnan M. , El Metwally D.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) is a growing public health problem associated with complex and prolonged medical care and a significant resource utilization burden. The objective of this study was to compare the cost of different convalescent care settings for infants with NOWS. METHODS: Retrospective comparison study of infants with NOWS discharged directly from NICU, transferred to an acute care pediatric floor (PPCU) or rehabilitation hospital (PRH). Primary outcomes were length of stay (LOS) and cost of stay (COS). RESULTS: Infants had 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1,1.6) times and 2.5 (95% CI: 2.1,3.1) times significantly longer mean LOS for PPCU and RH discharges compared to NICU discharges. NICU discharged infants had the lowest mean COS ($25,745.00) and PRH the highest ($60,528.00), despite PRH having a lower cost per day. PRH discharged infants had higher rates of methadone and benzodiazepine and less buprenorphine exposure than NICU/PPCU discharged. Infants born to mothers on marijuana and buprenorphine had a 28% lower mean COS compared to unexposed infants. Median treatment cumulative morphine doses were six-fold higher for PRH than NICU discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Infants transferred to convalescence care facilities had longer and more costly admissions and received more medication. However, there may be a role for earlier transfer of a subset of infants at-risk for longer LOS as those exposed to methadone and/or benzodiazepines. Further studies exploring differences in resource utilization, convalescent care delivery and cost expenditure are recommended.
Robot-assisted therapy for upper limb paresis after stroke: Use of robotic algorithms in advanced practice
Authors: Grosmaire Anne-Gaëlle , Pila Ophélie , Breuckmann Petra , Duret Christophe
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation of stroke-related upper limb paresis is a major public health issue. OBJECTIVE: Robotic systems have been developed to facilitate neurorehabilitation by providing key elements required to stimulate brain plasticity and motor recovery, namely repetitive, intensive, adaptative training with feedback. Although the positive effect of robot-assisted therapy on motor impairments has been well demonstrated, the effect on functional capacity is less certain. METHOD: This narrative review outlines the principles of robot-assisted therapy for the rehabilitation of post-stroke upper limb paresis. RESULTS: A paradigm is proposed to promote not only recovery of impairment but also function. CONCLUSION: Further studies that would integrate some principles of the paradigm described in this paper are needed.
Robot-assisted rehabilitation for children with neurological disabilities: Results of the Italian consensus conference CICERONE
Authors: Castelli Enrico , Beretta Elena , De Tanti Antonio , Arduini Francesca , Biffi Emilia , Colazza Alessandra , Di Pede Chiara , Guzzetta Andrea , Lucarini Ludovica , Maghini Irene , Mandalà Martina , Nespoli Maurizio , Pavarelli Claudia , Policastro Francesca , Polverelli Marco , Rossi Andrea , Sgandurra Giuseppina , Boldrini Paolo , Bonaiuti Donatella , Mazzoleni Stefano , Posteraro Federico , Benanti Paolo , Draicchio Francesco , Falabella Vincenzo , Galeri Silvia , Gimigliano Francesca , Grigioni Mauro , Mazzon Stefano , Molteni Franco , Morone Giovanni , Petrarca Maurizio , Picelli Alessandro , Senatore Michele , Turchetti Giuseppe , Saviola Donatella
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: The use of robotic technologies in pediatric rehabilitation has seen a large increase, but with a lack of a comprehensive framework about their effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: An Italian Consensus Conference has been promoted to develop recommendations on these technologies: definitions and classification criteria of devices, indications and limits of their use in neurological diseases, theoretical models, ethical and legal implications. In this paper, we present the results for the pediatric age. METHODS: A systematic search on Cochrane Library, PEDro and PubMed was performed. Papers published up to March 1st, 2020, in English, were included and analyzed using the methodology of the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine in Oxford, AMSTAR2 and PEDro scales for systematic reviews and RCT, respectively. RESULTS: Some positives aspects emerged in the area of gait: an increased number of children reaching the stance, an improvement in walking distance, speed and endurance. Critical aspects include the heterogeneity of the studied cases, measurements and training protocols. CONCLUSION: Many studies demonstrate the benefits of robotic training in developmental age. However, it is necessary to increase the number of trials to achieve greater homogeneity between protocols and to confirm the effectiveness of pediatric robotic rehabilitation.