bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hsp from Lactobacillus plantarum Expression in Lactococcus lactis MG1363
Authors: Liu Peng , Jia Jundong , Wu Hanwen , Song Zihan , He Xi
Published: June 2023

Small heat shock proteins are protective proteins produced by organisms under thermal stress. They are widely present in living organisms. Here, Hsp18, Hsp18.55 and Hsp19.5 genes were cloned from Lactobacillus plantarum and heterologous expressed in Lactococcus lactis, and their potential functions under ethanol stress were investigated. The results showed that the recombinant strain over expressing Hsp19.5 gene had stronger stress resistance, which provided a basis for further study of the survival ability of other microorganisms under ethanol stress.
Recent trends in artificial photosynthetic system
Authors: Yang Chonghui
Published: June 2023

Solar energy is the most abundant and clean energy on the earth, and developing equipment or devices with high-efficiency solar energy conversion is an effective way to alleviate the energy crisis. The majority of redox enzymes require a coenzyme to provide the hydrogen source needed for the reaction process, and the most commonly used coenzyme is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). However, NADH is expensive and easily decomposed, which greatly limits its application of artificial photosynthetic systems. We review recent progress in the construction of artificial photosynthetic systems that mimic natural photosynthesis.
Advances in liposome research in the field of antitumor
Authors: Xu Xiaochuang
Published: June 2023

Liposomes, as biocompatible and safe nanocarriers with easily modified surfaces, can be well used in the field of antitumor. Their targeting properties have contributed to the reduction of drug dosage and non-target cell toxicity. To further exploit the targeting properties of liposomes, passive targeting liposomes, active targeting liposomes and physicochemical targeting liposomes have been constructed by surface modification. This paper summarizes the mechanisms of action of different types of targeted liposomes and describes the specific role of liposomes in overcoming tumor resistance, immunotherapy and helping drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, and summarizes the current development issues and future directions.
Prediction of Preoperative Scale Score of Dystonia Based on Few-Shot Learning
Authors: Chen Yumeng
Published: June 2023

As a neurological disease, dystonia mainly has symptoms including muscle stiffness, dyskinesia, tremor, muscle spasm, etc. Dystonia score plays an important role in targeted auxiliary diagnosis, treatment plan design, and follow-up evaluation of patients. In this paper, the feature information of brain lateralization is extracted from electroencephalography (EEG) signals by clustering method, while information on time domain, frequency domain, and time sequence are extracted from EEG signals and electromyography (EMG) signals. Various deep-learning models are used to predict dystonia scores. Experiments show that this method can effectively predict dystonia based on the quantitative indicators extracted from few-shot neural signals. The methodology in this paper can help doctors judge the disease more accurately, make personalized treatment plans, and assist in monitoring the treatment effect.
Bioactivity of Ganoderma lucidum and optimization of mycelial fermentation conditions
Authors: Li Zengmei , Ji Xiang , Yuan Chunmei , Ma Shengqun
Published: June 2023

Ganoderma lucidum is a very precious traditional Chinese medicine. It has good pharmacological effects because of its polysaccharides, triterpenoids and other biological activities. Ganoderma lucidum mycelium is rich in Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and other substances, but it is difficult to obtain under natural conditions, so it is generally obtained through artificial inoculation or fermentation. Therefore, it is imperative to optimize the mycelium fermentation conditions. The range of fermentation time, temperature and pH of response surface analysis was determined by single factor experiment. The optimal fermentation conditions were fermentation temperature 28℃, pH=7, fermentation time 7 days, and mycelium biomass of (7±0.1) g/L. The results provide data reference for better utilization and development of Ganoderma lucidum.
Review of Progress in New-Coronavirus Detection and Vaccine Research
Authors: Liu Tongtong
Published: June 2023

Since December 2019, new coronaviruses have been spreading in the population with rapid transmission and high incidence, which are not easy to prevent. In this paper, we compiled and summarized the current status and characteristics of new-coronavirus detection and vaccine development by reviewing literature databases such as China Knowledge Network and PubMed. Through the principle of action analysis, we focused on comparing the pros and cons of various routes of new coronavirus detection, and the advantages and disadvantages of several different types of new coronavirus vaccines. Through the comparison, we found that 1. different detection routes target different populations, and the integrated application of multiple detection routes can lead to more accurate conclusions about virus detection. 2.several of the new crown vaccines on the market do not have the same mechanism of action, and you will need to choose according to your specific needs.3. in addition, the mRNA NCC vaccine is a great advancement of NCC vaccines in China. With the advantages of a development cycle and low side effects, the mRNA vaccine will become an important trend in future vaccine development.
Retraction Note: Advances in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot with MSC-derived Exosomes
Authors: He Qiaoya
Published: June 2023

This paper has been formally retracted because it has been accidentally published twice in the same volume. Request approved by the proceedings Editor and the Publisher on June 26, 2023.
Study on Effects of salt stress on the Suberin Lamella of grapevine roots
Authors: Wang Pengrui , Wang Fengjie , Li Lanxin , Su Shuxin , Han Ning , Yang Zhen
Published: June 2023

Grape is one of the oldest tree species in the world which have a relatively high tolerance to salt stress. The function of Suberin Lamella is to control the transport of water and ions, which has a positive effect on salt tolerance. However, whether the suberin lamella of grape root is related to its salt-tolerance has not been revealed. In this study, suberin lamella in roots of two grape varieties, "Crimson seedless" and "1103p", were stained by FY0888. Results showed that salt stress induced the appearance and thickening of suberin lamella of grape root cortex. The induction effect was very obvious in salt-toerant "Crimson seedless", while the effect was weak in "1103P", indicating that the suberin lamella of grape was indeed involved in the salt tolerance of grape.
On the role of excipients and their future development
Authors: Li Zinan
Published: June 2023

Excipients are inactive substances that are included in pharmaceutical formulations alongside active ingredients. These substances are added to pharmaceutical products for various purposes, including improving stability, enhancing bioavailability, aiding in the manufacturing process, enhancing the appearance or taste, and facilitating administration or delivery of the active ingredient. We summarized a recent study published in science. This work suggests a systematic method to identify such active “inactive ingredients,” including the detection of allergenic and immunogenic properties. The examined excipient activity by combining large-scale computational screening with targeted experimental testing. They identified 38 excipients with activities against 44 targets. Although most excipients deserve their status as inert, many approved excipients may directly modulate physiologically relevant targets. This review increases our understanding of the relationship between drug excipients and active sites and provides more comprehensive theoretical support for future excipient selection.
Study on biosensor and its whole blood detection under the background of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine
Authors: Wu Wenqian
Published: June 2023

The quantitative detection of biomolecules related to various diseases in blood is the basis of clinical diagnosis, prognosis monitoring, early disease prevention and controllability detection. However, so far, it is difficult to detect whole blood by clinical detection methods. Biosensors can be widely used in detection and analysis in the fields of medicine, environmental protection and industrial and agricultural production. Under the background of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, countries all over the world have invested heavily in technical research and product development of biosensors. The starting point of this paper is that it is difficult to realize direct detection of whole blood by fluorescence immunoassay technology at present. Based on the research of biosensors with solid-phase optical fiber and glass slide as biosensors, innovative research has been carried out in new probes and sensing methods of biomarkers. The research shows that combining the advantages of nano-probe with optical fiber evanescent wave biosensor can effectively reduce the influence of spectral scattering, light absorption and autofluorescence background in whole blood on detection signals, improve the accuracy of whole blood detection, realize the rapid detection of hemoglobin by biosensor, and meet the needs of clinical detection of hemoglobin concentration range.
Leishmaniose canine : le point de vue de l’interniste
Authors: Canonne-Guibert Morgane
Published: June 2023

La leishmaniose est une maladie vectorielle zoonotique principalement décrite dans l’espèce canine et causée par Leishmania infantum. Chez le chien, l’expression clinique est variable et dominée par des signes cliniques cutanés. Néanmoins, la présence d’une atteinte rénale doit être systématiquement recherchée compte tenu des conséquences thérapeutiques et pronostiques qu’elle comprend : une protéinurie significative est ainsi présente chez au moins la moitié des cas et jusqu’à 40 % des chiens infectés sont azotémiques. Face à un chien infecté, l’évaluation exhaustive de la fonction rénale, la quantification d’une éventuelle protéinurie et la recherche d’une hypertension artérielle systémique doivent donc être automatiques. La confirmation d’une atteinte rénale conduit à une prise en charge médico-nutritionnelle spécifique en complément du traitement direct de l’infection parasitaire. Cette prise en charge spécifique est évidemment modulée en fonction de la gravité de la maladie rénale. Enfin, la programmation des suivis ultérieurs d’un chien infecté avec atteinte rénale secondaire doit respecter les recommandations IRIS.
Primär kutanes peripheres T-Zell Lymphom, nicht weiter spezifiziert (NOS), und erfolgreicher Einsatz von Brentuximab Vedotin
Authors: Makris Nikolaos , Finck Stefanie , Kirchner Kathrin , von den Driesch Peter
Published: June 2023

Das primär kutane periphere T-Zell-Lymphom, nicht weiter spezifiziert (pcPTCL-NOS), ist eine seltene, zügig fortschreitende, maligne Erkrankung, die sich in schnell wachsenden Plaques oder Knoten manifestiert. Hier berichten wir über den Fall einer 42-jährigen Patientin, bei der nach histologischem Nachweis des pcPTCL-NOS trotz relativ niedriger prozentualer Expression von CD30-Antigen ein erfolgreicher therapeutischer Einsatz von Brentuximab Vedotin erfolgte. Nach 6 Wochen gab es eine rasche Besserung des Hautbefundes. Neben einer therapiebedingten Grad-1-Neuropathie an den Akren war Brentuximab Vedotin sehr gut verträglich.
Akupunktur bei Erkrankungen des rheumatischen Formenkreis
Authors: Kramer Sybille
Published: June 2023

Auch Patienten mit rheumatisch-entzündlichen Erkrankungen äußern häufig den Wunsch nach einer Therapie mit komplementärmedizinischen Verfahren. Die Akupunktur kann hier eine geeignete Behandlungsform darstellen: Neben unzähligen randomisiert-kontrollierten Studien mit guten Ergebnissen in der Schmerztherapie, gibt es nun in der Literatur auch viele gute Hinweise auf eine Wirksamkeit in der additiven Therapie bei rheumatoider Arthritis. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick, wann sich eine Behandlung mit Akupunktur eignen kann.
Joint velocity and density reconstruction of the Universe with nonlinear differentiable forward modeling
Authors: Bayer Adrian E. , Modi Chirag , Ferraro Simone
Published: June 2023

Reconstructing the initial conditions of the Universe from late-time observations has the
potential to optimally extract cosmological information. Due to the high dimensionality of the
parameter space, a differentiable forward model is needed for convergence, and recent advances
have made it possible to perform reconstruction with nonlinear models based on galaxy (or halo)
positions. In addition to positions, future surveys will provide measurements of galaxies'
peculiar velocities through the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (kSZ), type Ia supernovae, the
fundamental plane relation, and the Tully-Fisher relation. Here we develop the formalism for
including halo velocities, in addition to halo positions, to enhance the reconstruction of the
initial conditions. We show that using velocity information can significantly improve the
reconstruction accuracy compared to using only the halo density field. We study this improvement
as a function of shot noise, velocity measurement noise, and angle to the line of sight. We also
show how halo velocity data can be used to improve the reconstruction of the final nonlinear
matter overdensity and velocity fields. We have built our pipeline into the differentiable
Particle-Mesh FlowPM package, paving the way to perform field-level cosmological
inference with joint velocity and density reconstruction. This is especially useful given the
increased ability to measure peculiar velocities in the near future.
Dark matter produced from right-handed neutrinos
Authors: Li Shao-Ping , Xu Xun-Jie
Published: June 2023

Right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) provide a natural portal
to a dark sector accommodating dark matter (DM). In this work, we
consider that the dark sector is connected to the standard model
only via RHNs and ask how DM can be produced from RHNs. Our framework
concentrates on a rather simple and generic interaction that couples
RHNs to a pair of dark particles. Depending on whether RHNs are light
or heavy in comparison to the dark sector and also on whether one
or both of them are in the freeze-in/out regime, there are many distinct
scenarios resulting in rather different results. We conduct a comprehensive
and systematic study of all possible scenarios in this paper. For
illustration, we apply our generic results to the type-I seesaw model
with the dark sector extension, addressing whether and when DM in
this model can be in the freeze-in or freeze-out regime. Some observational
consequences in this framework are also discussed.
Precision measurement of an electron pump at 2 GHz; the frontier of small DC current metrology
Authors: Giblin Stephen P , Yamahata Gento , Fujiwara Akira , Kataoka Masaya
Published: June 2023

A well-characterised sample of silicon tunable-barrier electron pump has been operated at a frequency of 2 GHz using a custom drive waveform, generating a pump current of 320 pA. Precision measurements of the current were made as a function of pump control parameters, using a blind protocol, over a 7 week campaign. The combined standard uncertainty for each

∼

10

 h measurement was in the range

0.16
−
0.18

 parts per million (ppm). The pump current exhibits a plateau along the exit gate voltage flat to approximately 0.15 ppm, but offset from ef by 0.2 ppm. This offset may be a sign of errors in the current traceability chain, indicating a limit to the accuracy of small current scaling using existing methods based on cryogenic current comparators.
Eco-concrete for obtaining “green” construction elements
Authors: Luca B I , Panțiru A , Timu A , Bărbuță M , Diaconu L I , Rujanu M , Diaconu A C
Published: June 2023

The building materials branch of the construction industry is continuously developing due to occurrence of new products which seek to improve the “green” character of buildings by using different types of wastes. Prefabricated products of different sizes such as blocks, panels, beams and other spatial elements can now be obtained with eco-materials. Concrete is the most used material in the building industry and thus it is necessary to diminish its environmental pollution. There are different ways for improving the “green” character of concrete, such as the addition of waste products of different types (fly ash, silica fume, slag, shredded tyre rubber, agricultural powder wastes, etc.) or by replacing some of the components (i.e. cement, aggregates) with eco-materials. Materials with pozzolanic properties (fly ash, silica fume, banana leaves powder, volcanic tuff, etc.) can, in certain proportions, replace the cement. In order to replace the aggregates, the substitution materials are obtained with sizes which are corresponding to the aggregate sort (polystyrene granules, shredded plastic recipients, agricultural wastes, etc). In the current article, the experimental results obtained on types of eco-concrete used for producing reinforced concrete beams are presented. The eco-concrete used for pouring the reinforced concrete beams contains the following materials: fly ash as replacement for the cement, metalic fibers, polyester fibers and hemp fibers. The beams models were tested in two point bending. The strength capacity and type of failure were analysed and compared as a function of the type of eco-concrete.
The 𝐧^{𝐭𝐡} iterate of a formal power series with linear term a primitive 𝐧^{𝐭𝐡} root of unity
Authors: Cohen Marshall , Monkam Galamo
Published: June 2023

We give a very short proof of the Theorem: Suppose that

f
(
x
)
=

a
1

x
+

a
2

x
2

+
⋯

f(x) = a_1x + a_2x^2 + \cdots

is a formal power series with coefficients in an integral domain, and

a
1

a_1

is a primitive

n

t
h

n^{\mathrm {th}}

root of unity

(
n
∈

N

)

(n \in {\Bbb N})

. If the

n

t
h

n^{\mathrm {th}}

iterate
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f Superscript left-parenthesis n right-parenthesis Baseline left-parenthesis x right-parenthesis identical-to f left-parenthesis f left-parenthesis midline-horizontal-ellipsis f left-parenthesis f left-parenthesis x right-parenthesis right-parenthesis midline-horizontal-ellipsis right-parenthesis">

f

(
n
)

(
x
)
≡
f

(

f
(
⋯
f

(

f
(
x
)

)

⋯

)

f^{(n)}(x) \equiv f\big (f(\cdots f\big (f(x)\big )\cdots \big )

satisfies
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f Superscript left-parenthesis n right-parenthesis Baseline left-parenthesis x right-parenthesis equals x plus b Subscript m Baseline x Superscript m Baseline plus b Subscript m plus 1 Baseline x Superscript m plus 1 Baseline plus midline-horizontal-ellipsis">

f

(
n
)

(
x
)
=
x
+

b
m

x
m

+

b

m
+
1

x

m
+
1

+
⋯

f^{(n)}(x) = x + b_mx^m + b_{m + 1}x^{m + 1} + \cdots

, with

b
m

≠
0

b_m \neq 0

and

m
>
1

m > 1

, then

m
≡
1

(
mod

n
)

m \equiv 1 \pmod {n}

.
Bimeromorphic geometry of LCK manifolds
Authors: Ornea Liviu , Verbitsky Misha
Published: June 2023

A locally conformally Kähler (LCK) manifold is a complex manifold

M
M

which has a Kähler structure on its cover, such that the deck transform group acts on it by homotheties. Assume that the Kähler form is exact on the minimal Kähler cover of

M
M

. We prove that any bimeromorphic map

M
′

→
M

M’\rightarrow M

is in fact holomorphic; in other words,

M
M

has a unique minimal model. This can be applied to a wide class of LCK manifolds, such as the Hopf manifolds, their complex submanifolds and to OT manifolds.
Gradings on block-triangular matrix algebras
Authors: Diniz Diogo , Galdino da Silva José , Koshlukov Plamen
Published: June 2023

Upper triangular, and more generally, block-triangular matrices, are rather important in Linear Algebra, and also in Ring theory, namely in the theory of PI algebras (algebras that satisfy polynomial identities). The group gradings on such algebras have been extensively studied during the last decades. In this paper we prove that for any group grading on a block-triangular matrix algebra, over an arbitrary field, the Jacobson radical is a graded (homogeneous) ideal. As noted by F. Yasumura [Arch. Math. (Basel) 110 (2018), pp. 327–332] this yields the classification of the group gradings on these algebras and confirms a conjecture made by A. Valenti and M. Zaicev [Arch. Math. (Basel) 89 (2007), pp. 33–40].
Equilateral and separated sets in some Hilbert generated Banach spaces
Authors: Koszmider Piotr , Ryduchowski Kamil
Published: June 2023

We study Hilbert generated versions of nonseparable Banach spaces

X

\mathcal {X}

considered by Shelah, Steprāns and Wark where the behavior of the norm on nonseparable subsets is so irregular that it does not allow any linear bounded operator on

X

\mathcal {X}

other than a diagonal operator (or a scalar multiple of the identity) plus a separable range operator. We address the questions as to whether these spaces admit uncountable equilateral sets and whether their unit spheres admit uncountable

(
1
+
)

(1+)

-separated or

(
1
+
ε
)

(1+\varepsilon )

-separated sets. We resolve some of the above questions for two types of these spaces by showing both absolute and undecidability results.

The corollaries are that the continuum hypothesis (in fact: the existence of a nonmeager set of reals of the first uncountable cardinality) implies the existence of an equivalent renorming of the nonseparable Hilbert space

ℓ
2

(

ω
1

)

\ell _2(\omega _1)

which does not admit any uncountable equilateral set and it implies the existence of a nonseparable Hilbert generated Banach space containing an isomorphic copy of

ℓ
2

\ell _2

in each nonseparable subspace, whose unit sphere does not admit an uncountable equilateral set and does not admit an uncountable

(
1
+
ε
)

(1+\varepsilon )

-separated set for any

ε
>
0

\varepsilon >0

. This could be compared with a recent result by Hájek, Kania and Russo saying that all nonseparable reflexive Banach spaces admit uncountable

(
1
+
ε
)

(1+\varepsilon )

-separated sets in their unit spheres.
Cell contractility drives mechanical memory of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Moon So Youn , de Campos Paloma Santos , Matte Bibiana Franzen , Placone Jesse K. , Zanella Virgı´lio G. , Martins Manoela D. , Lamers Marcelo Lazzaron , Engler Adam J.
Published: June 2023

Oral cancer cells sense and respond to matrix stiffness via myosin contractility. As part of their response, they use AKT and FAK signaling to retain and recall the ‘memory’ developed within the tumor core to remain highly migratory and mesenchymal in tumor adjacent epithelium, despite being significantly softer.
Serotonin 5-HT7 receptor slows down the Gs protein: a single molecule perspective
Authors: Petelák Aleš , Lambert Nevin A. , Bondar Alexey
Published: June 2023

The 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor type 7 (5-HT7R) has been shown to exhibit noncanonical inverse coupling with its cognate Gs protein. Here, using single-molecule imaging, we show that the presence of 5-HT7R, particularly in the inactive state, dramatically reduces the diffusion rate of Gs.
Operationalizing distribution as a key concept for public sphere theory. A call for ethnographic sensibility of different social worlds
Authors: Moe Hallvard
Published: June 2023

This article takes issue with public sphere theories’ lack of focus on the consequences of social inequality. Citizens divide the work of following politics between them, and we need a cohesive conceptualization of such divisions, through and beyond today’s intrusive media and with attention to social inequalities. Instead of ideals of fully informed individual citizens, I propose we take the empirical fact of distribution of citizens’ public connection as a starting point and anchor our theoretical ideals in the social world with an “ethnographic sensibility.” Doing so facilitates an operationalized concept of distribution of citizens’ public connection into four elements: issues, arenas, and communicative modes, which citizens variously rely on over time. With such an operationalization, we can assess when and for whom the distribution of public connection goes too far and disfavors certain citizens. This helps bring public sphere theory beyond the conundrum of our societies’ paradoxically uninformed citizens.
Bacteriophage-host interactions in Streptococcus thermophilus and their impact on co-evolutionary processes
Authors: Lavelle Katherine , McDonnell Brian , Fitzgerald Gerald , van Sinderen Douwe , Mahony Jennifer
Published: June 2023

Bacteriophages (or phages) represent a persistent threat to the success and reliability of food fermentation processes. Recent reports of phages that infect Streptococcus thermophilus have highlighted the diversification of phages of this species. Phages of S. thermophilus typically exhibit a narrow range, a feature that is suggestive of diverse receptor moieties being presented on the cell surface of the host. Cell wall polysaccharides, including rhamnose-glucose polysaccharides and exopolysaccharides have been implicated as being involved in the initial interactions with several phages of this species. Following internalization of the phage genome, the host presents several defences, including CRISPR-Cas and restriction and modification systems to limit phage proliferation. This review provides a current and holistic view of the interactions of phages and their S. thermophilus host cells and how this has influenced the diversity and evolution of both entities.
VSIG4 interaction with heparan sulfates inhibits VSIG4–complement binding
Authors: Ebstein Sarah Y , Rafique Ashique , Zhou Yi , Krasco Amanda , Montalvo-Ortiz Welby , Yu Lola , Custodio Luisaidy , Adam Rene C , Bloch Nicolin , Lee Ken , Adewale Funmilola , Vergata Dominic , Luz Antonio , Coquery Sebastien , Daniel Benjamin , Ullman Erica , Franklin Matthew C , Hermann Aynur , Huang Tammy , Olson William , Davis Samuel , Murphy Andrew J , Sleeman Matthew A , Wei Joyce , Skokos Dimitris
Published: June 2023

V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing 4 (VSIG4) is a complement receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is specifically expressed on tissue resident macrophages, and its many reported functions and binding partners suggest a complex role in immune function. VSIG4 is reported to have a role in immune surveillance as well as in modulating diverse disease phenotypes such as infections, autoimmune conditions, and cancer. However, the mechanism(s) governing VSIG4’s complex, context-dependent role in immune regulation remains elusive. Here, we identify cell surface and soluble glycosaminoglycans, specifically heparan sulfates, as novel binding partners of VSIG4. We demonstrate that genetic deletion of heparan sulfate synthesis enzymes or cleavage of cell-surface heparan sulfates reduced VSIG4 binding to the cell surface. Furthermore, binding studies demonstrate that VSIG4 interacts directly with heparan sulfates, with a preference for highly sulfated moieties and longer glycosaminoglycan chains. To assess the impact on VSIG4 biology, we show that heparan sulfates compete with known VSIG4 binding partners C3b and iC3b. Furthermore, mutagenesis studies indicate that this competition occurs through overlapping binding epitopes for heparan sulfates and complement on VSIG4. Together these data suggest a novel role for heparan sulfates in VSIG4-dependent immune modulation.
Predicting Pacific cod thermal spawning habitat in a changing climate
Authors: Bigman J S , Laurel B J , Kearney K , Hermann A J , Cheng W , Holsman K K , Rogers L A
Published: June 2023

Warming temperatures elicit shifts in habitat use and geographic distributions of fishes, with uneven effects across life stages. Spawners and embryos often have narrower thermal tolerances than other life stages, and are thus particularly sensitive to warming. Here, we examine the spatiotemporal variability of thermal spawning habitat for Pacific cod in the eastern Bering Sea. Specifically, we use bottom temperatures from downscaled global climate models coupled with an experimentally-derived hatch success and temperature relationship to predict how the spatial extent, mean latitude, and consistency of thermal spawning habitat has varied over time. Predictions are validated with observations of spawning adults and early larvae. We find that habitat availability has not increased in the past but is predicted to increase and shift northward in the future, particularly if no climate change mitigation occurs. Habitat hotspots are consistent across shorter time periods but do shift across the shelf by the end of the century such that highly suitable areas in the past and present are not predicted to be suitable in the future. This work highlights the importance of coupling experimental data with climate models to identify the complex and mechanistic dynamics among temperature, life histories, and ecology, particularly under climate change.
Foreword: Preventing COVID-19 Among the Immunocompromised Population
Authors: Willicombe Michelle
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic represented 1 of the more significant and unique public health challenges facing the global community, particularly afflicting those with compromised immune systems. These immunocompromised individuals were readily recognized as a group at high risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2 and the associated severe outcomes of COVID-19. Although preventive strategies such as vaccination are important, initial clinical vaccine trials did not enroll immunocompromised individuals; in-depth evaluations of the safety, immunogenicity, and real-world outcomes associated with these vaccines were conducted in this population thereafter. As immunogenicity data of COVID-19 vaccination among this disparate group of individuals emerged, vaccination strategies were adapted to address outstanding challenges and further protect the entirety of this population. This 8-part journal supplement characterizes in-depth the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination strategies across the spectrum of immunocompromised individuals, focusing on the ongoing approaches to challenges facing this group as the pandemic continues to evolve.
Incidence of Cytomegalovirus Primary and Secondary Infection in Adolescent Girls: Results From a Prospective Study
Authors: Paris Robert , Apter Dan , Boppana Suresh , D’Aloia Maria , De Schrevel Nathalie , Delroisse Jean-Marc , Grassano Luca , Guignard Adrienne , Panackal Anil A , Roman Francois , Yu Jing , Yunes Elsa M , Dieussaert Ilse
Published: June 2023

Developing a vaccine to prevent congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and newborn disability requires an understanding of infection incidence. In a prospective cohort study of 363 adolescent girls (NCT01691820), CMV serostatus, primary infection, and secondary infection were determined in blood and urine samples collected at enrollment and every 4 months for 3 years. Baseline CMV seroprevalence was 58%. Primary infection occurred in 14.8% of seronegative girls. Among seropositive girls, 5.9% had ≥4-fold increase in anti-CMV antibody, and 23.9% shed CMV DNA in urine. Our findings provide insights on infection epidemiology and highlight the need for more standardized markers of secondary infection.
Playing in the clinical decision support sandbox: tools and training for all
Authors: Soares Andrey , Afshar Majid , Moesel Chris , Grasso Michael A , Pan Eric , Solomonides Anthony , Richardson Joshua E , Barone Eleanor , Lomotan Edwin A , Schilling Lisa M
Published: June 2023

Objectives

Introduce the CDS-Sandbox, a cloud-based virtual machine created to facilitate Clinical Decision Support (CDS) developers and implementers in the use of FHIR- and CQL-based open-source tools and technologies for building and testing CDS artifacts.

Materials and Methods

The CDS-Sandbox includes components that enable workflows for authoring and testing CDS artifacts. Two workshops at the 2020 and 2021 AMIA Annual Symposia were conducted to demonstrate the use of the open-source CDS tools.

Results

The CDS-Sandbox successfully integrated the use of open-source CDS tools. Both workshops were well attended. Participants demonstrated use and understanding of the workshop materials and provided positive feedback after the workshops.

Discussion

The CDS-Sandbox and publicly available tutorial materials facilitated an understanding of the leading-edge open-source CDS infrastructure components.

Conclusion

The CDS-Sandbox supports integrated use of the key CDS open-source tools that may be used to introduce CDS concepts and practice to the clinical informatics community.
American Burn Association (ABA) Burn Care Quality Platform (BCQP) and Large Data Set Analysis Considerations: A Practical Guide to Investigating Clinical Questions in Burns via Large Data Sets
Authors: Galicia Kevin E , Thompson Callie M , Lewis Aislinn E , Joyce Cara J , Hill David M , Schneider Jeffery C , Nyygard Rachel M , Harrington David M , Holmes James H , Moffatt Lauren T , Shupp Jeff W , Kubasiak John C
Published: June 2023

The Burn Care Quality Platform (BCQP) consolidates data previously collected from the National Burn Repository and the Burn Quality Improvement Program into a single registry. Its data elements and their associated definitions are tailored to create consistency across other national trauma registries, namely the National Trauma Data Bank implemented by the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program (ACS TQIP). The BCQP now includes 103 participating burn centers and has captured data from 375,000 total patients as of 2021. With 12,000 patients entered under the current data dictionary, the BCQP represents the largest registry of its kind. On behalf of the American Burn Association Research Committee, the aim of this whitepaper is to provide a succinct overview of the BCQP, showcasing its unique features, strengths, limitations, and relevant statistical considerations. This whitepaper will highlight the resources available to the burn research community and offer insight on proper study design when preparing to conduct a large data set investigation for burn care. All recommendations herein were formulated through the consensus of a multidisciplinary committee and based on the available scientific evidence.
When does patent protection spur cumulative research within firms?
Authors: Arora Ashish , Belenzon Sharon , Marx Matt , Shvadron Dror
Published: June 2023

We estimate the effect of patent protection on follow-on investments in corporate scientific research. We exploit a new method for identifying an exogenous reduction in the protection a granted patent provides. Using data on public, research-active firms between 1990 and 2015, we find that firms respond to a decrease in patent protection by reducing follow-on research, as measured by a drop in internal citations to an associated scientific article. We study this effect across firms with varying commercialization capabilities and across varying thickness levels of markets for technology. We find that the effect is stronger in technologies where patents are traded less frequently. Our findings are consistent with a stylized model whereby patent protection is a strategic substitute for commercialization capability. Our results imply that stronger patents encourage follow-on research, but also shift the locus of research from big firms toward smaller firms and startups (JEL D22, O31, O32, O34).
Arthroscopic repair of knee cartilage defects with minced cartilage autograft: a 6-month follow-up case report study
Authors: Mitev Konstantin
Published: June 2023

Knee cartilage defects can cause significant pain and disability, leading to progressive degenerative changes if left untreated. Arthroscopic repair of these defects with minced cartilage autograft has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional surgical techniques. Articular cartilage was harvested from the edge of the osteochondral defect and from the edge of the supracondylar notch with a shaver. After that, the mixed cartilage was combined with prp in thrombinator were aplicated on the defect covered with fibrin glue. Postoperatively, the patient reported significant improvement in pain and function.
A crossroad between lexicography and terminology work: Knowledge organization and domain labelling
Authors: Costa Rute , Salgado Ana , Ramos Margarida , Almeida Bruno , Silva Raquel , Carvalho Sara , Khan Fahad , Tasovac Toma , Khemakhem Mohamed , Romary Laurent
Published: June 2023

MORDigital project aims to encode the selected editions of Diccionario de Lingua Portugueza by António de Morais Silva, first published in 1789. Our ultimate goals are, on the one hand, to promote accessibility to cultural heritage while fostering reusability and, on the other hand, to contribute towards a more significant presence of lexicographic digital content in Portuguese through open tools and standards. The Morais dictionary represents a significant legacy, since it marks the beginning of Portuguese dictionaries, having served as a model for all subsequent lexicographic production. The team follows a new paradigm in lexicography, which results from the convergence between lexicography, terminology, computational linguistics, and ontologies as an integral part of digital humanities and linked (open) data. In the Portuguese context, this research fills a gap concerning searchable online retrodigitized dictionaries, built on current standards and methodologies which promote data sharing and harmonization, namely TEI Lex-0. The team will further ensure the connection to other existing systems and lexical resources, particularly in the Portuguese-speaking world.
TBX and ‘Lemon’: What perspectives in terminology?
Authors: Piccini Silvia , Vezzani Federica , Bellandi Andrea
Published: June 2023

Different solutions are offered today for modelling multilingual terminological data. In this article, we focus on the description of two approaches: on the one hand, the model proposed in the context of ISO TC 37/SC 3, based on the adoption of the Terminological Markup Framework/TermBase eXchange standards; on the other hand, the ‘Lemon’ model and, more generally, the Ontology Web Language adopted in the framework of the Semantic Web. The aim of this study is to propose a contrastive multilevel analysis between these two paradigms, with the ultimate goal of highlighting their divergences and convergences. The terminological case study chosen to test the two approaches is represented by the pathology known as ‘body dysmorphic disorder’, which poses challenges in terms of conceptual and linguistic representation. Starting from the phenomena of reconceptualization and denominative variation of this disorder, we will show that the two models are based on diverging but complementary theoretical and methodological perspectives.
Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome refractory to conventional therapy: A single-arm, open-labelled multicentre clinical trial
Authors: Kaneko Kayoko , Tsutsumi Seiji , Fujita Daisuke , Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi , Mitsuda Nobuaki , Matsubara Keiichi , Atsumi Tatsuya , Inoue Eisuke , Takimoto Tetsuya , Murashima Atsuko
Published: June 2023

Objectives

The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy for obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) refractory to conventional treatment.

Methods

We conducted a single-arm, open-label multicentre clinical intervention trial. The enrolled criteria were patients with refractory APS who had a history of still or premature birth before 30 weeks of gestational age, even though they had been treated with conventional treatment, i.e. heparin and low-dose aspirin. After confirming the foetal heartbeats, a single course of IVIG (0.4 g/kg body weight daily for 5 days) was added to conventional treatment. The primary outcome was a live birth ratio of >30 weeks of gestational period, and the secondary outcome included improving pregnancy outcomes compared to previous pregnancy.

Results

Twenty-five per cent of patients (2 of 8 cases) achieved a live birth after the 30th week of pregnancy by IVIG-only add-on treatment, which is the same prevalence as the historical control. However, by adding other second-line therapy to IVIG and conventional treatment, further three patients (37.5%) achieved improvements in pregnancy outcome compared to previous treatments. In total, five patients (62.5%) were able to achieve preferable pregnancy outcomes through combination treatment including IVIG.

Conclusions

This clinical trial could not demonstrate the efficacy of IVIG-only add-on therapy at improving the pregnancy outcomes of patients with obstetric APS refractory to conventional treatment. However, the combination of IVIG with rituximab or statins adding to conventional treatment improved pregnancy outcomes and resulted in more live births. Further studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of multi-targeted therapy to treat obstetric refractory APS.
Insights into the Cognitive Abilities of Oldowan and Acheulean Hominins
Authors: Toth Nicholas , Schick Kathy
Published: June 2023

This chapter incorporates a personal retrospective on the authors’ development of experimental and other comparative approaches in researching the behavioral and cognitive evolution of early tool-making hominins. Over the past four decades, the authors have conducted experimental archaeological and other actualistic research bearing on the technology, adaptation, behavioral patterns, and cognitive complexity of Early Stone Age hominins in Africa and Eurasia (~2.5–0.5 million years ago). This research has primarily focused on the Oldowan Industrial Complex (Mode 1 or “pebble tool” industries) and the Acheulean Industrial Complex (Mode 2 or “handaxe and cleaver” industries). This actualistic research has included experimental replicative and functional studies of early stone artifacts, geoarchaeological investigations of site formation processes, teaching modern African apes (bonobos) to make and use stone tools, ethnoarchaeology, and brain imaging studies.
Toward an Understanding of Indigenous Rock Art from an Ideational Cognitive Perspective
Authors: Hampson Jamie
Published: June 2023

Many years before the so-called ontological and materialist turns in archaeological and anthropological theory, ideational cognitive archaeologists made progress towards understanding at least some of the meanings of—and motivations behind the creation of—rock art. Working closely with Indigenous groups, and tacking back and forth between ethnographic, neurological, and material-cultural data, researchers were able to challenge the nihilist assertion that “we will never know anything about the original significance of the art.” This chapter considers historiography, theoretical, and methodological developments, and in situ case studies from west Texas, western North America, and beyond. It shows that hermeneutic and cross-disciplinary research into rock paintings and engravings is one of the most effective and compelling ways of understanding archaeology, varied ontological outlooks, and cognitive approaches to material culture, and what happened in the past.
Cognitive Basis of the Acheulian Culture of the Hunsgi-Baichbal Basin, Deccan (India)
Authors: Paddayya K.
Published: June 2023

Following a statement from ancient Indian thought that renders consciousness as unique to humankind in the living world, this chapter provides an overview of cognitive archaeology studies in India. It then refers to theoreticians who ultimately had a profound influence upon the course of understanding and interpreting archaeological artifacts, particularly the Acheulian handaxe in India and elsewhere. These theoretical influences include Jean Piaget’s genetic epistemology, Thomas Wynn’s reinterpretation of Piaget’s work vis-à-vis stone handaxes, David Clarke’s four stages in the development of archaeological thought (stage of consciousness, stage of self-consciousness, stage of critical self-consciousness, and self-critical self-consciousness), and the writings of Gordon Childe. It also challenges the notion that the Acheulian culture in India was merely an industrial complex bereft of cultural implications. This position is illustrated with reference to the cognitive dimensions of the Acheulian hominin groups of Hunsgi-Baichbal basin of the Deccan region in India at different levels—habitat choice and site selection; raw material choice and knapping strategies; cognition of seasonal availability of surface water sources and wild plant and animal foods in the basin; and recognition of aesthetic attributes of natural and created objects. This chapter concludes with a tribute to Gordon Childe for his perspicacious observations about the cognitive and social aspects of the bifacial tool tradition.
Validation and Application of a Molecular Detection System for Fusarium Wilt of Banana in China
Authors: Yang Di , Du Chanjuan , Zhang Jin , Pan Lianfu , Wei Shaolong , Jiang Shangbo , Li Chunyu , San Cho Cho , Huy Nguyen Duc , Ye Yunfeng , Fu Gang
Published: June 2023

Fusarium wilt of banana is a devastating disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). It has restricted the development of the banana industry worldwide and is particularly serious in China because of the large planting areas and special planting patterns. However, there is no rapid and accurate approach to detect the Foc strains that specifically occur in China because of the rich genetic diversity observed in this pathosystem. In this study, we evaluated the performance of 10 previously published PCR primer pairs on 103 representative Foc strains in China and neighboring countries and screened out a set of primers (Foc-specific primer pair SIX9-Foc-F/R, Foc R1-specific primer pair SIX6b-210-F/R, Foc R4-specific primer pair Foc-1/2, and Foc TR4-specific primer pair W2987F/R) suitable for the detection of Foc strains in China and the surrounding Southeast Asian countries. Moreover, we developed a molecular detection system to accurately identify the different physiological races of Foc. The findings of this study provide technical support for preventing and controlling the spread of Fusarium wilt of banana in the field in China.
A Diagnostic Guide to Phytopythium helicoides and Phytopythium vexans Causing Root and Crown Rot Diseases
Authors: Ghimire Bhawana , Baysal-Gurel Fulya
Published: June 2023

Phytopythium vexans and Phytopythium helicoides are important waterborne plant pathogens causing root and crown rot disease in plants from different families ( P. vexans = 19 and P. helicoides = 18) worldwide. The main objective of this diagnostic guide is to provide detailed information about symptoms and signs of root and crown rot disease, host range, geographic distribution, pathogen isolation, conventional and molecular identification, storage, and pathogenicity testing, and present a reliable zoospore production procedure for these pathogens. This guide is aimed at facilitating the detection and identification of these pathogens in the field and laboratory, and the zoospore production procedure is anticipated to help in further investigations and development of different management strategies.

[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .