bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigations on fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete as repair material for pavements
Authors: Peter Cibi , Karthi Lathi
Published: August 2024

Geopolymer is a relatively new construction material which could be produced by the chemical action between alumino-silicate material such as fly ash and alkaline solutions like sodium silicate or sodium hydroxide. Geopolymer concrete(GPC)reduces the CO2emission by 9 % compared to the concrete made with ordinary portland cement. Fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete(FRGPC)has already been used as a repair material for different construction purposes such as for tunnel linings and sewage pipes repairs due to its improved tensile characteristics and crack control properties. This study involves the experimental investigations on FRGPC as a repair material for rigid pavements. A mixture of sodium silicate and 8M sodium hydroxide solution is used as the alkaline activator to prepare the fly ash based geopolymer concrete. To increase the mechanical properties at ambient temperature calcium additives in the forms of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide are added separately by replacing fly ash in the proportion 3%, 5% and 7% by weight of fly ash. Further to increase the low tensile strength of GPC,addition of polypropylene fibre in 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% by volume of concrete were also incorporated. The aspect ratio of the polypropylene fibres used is 300. The optimum values were determined based on the fresh concrete properties and mechanical properties. The results showed that the 7 day compressive and tensile strengths of FRGPC were increased by 36% and 14% respectively from fly ash GPC. The bond strength between the pavement substrate and the geopolymer repair material is also studied. The bond strength of the fibre reinforced repair material is found to be more than the permissible values as per relevant codes of practice. Abrasion resistance of the repair material is also tested as ameasure of durability aspects tocheck the suitabilityforusage on rigid pavements.
Investigations and comparison of a conventional sand filter and a modified sand filter for water purification.
Authors: Katragadda Leela Bhargavi , Ramadevi D.
Published: August 2024

Water being a depleting resource needs to be treated in a sustainable way. The oldest-natural method of purifying drinking water is to use sand filters, made by using layers of sand and gravel placed at proportional depths and sizes. A few drawbacks like requirement of further disinfection, bad odour, inefficiency in removing chemicals like cholrine, fertilizers etc,. does not allow the usage of conventional method. Hence in this research work a Modified Sand Filter is constructed by partial replacement of sand with Granulated Activated Carbon in order to overcome all possible drawbacks.GAC is a locally available material made from materials like coal, wood, coconut shell, nutshells or any carbonaceous materials, which makes it a “sustainable, cost efficient and eco friendly material” as it is a reuse material. The principle of water purification through GAC is adsorption of contaminants in the microscopic pores on its surface. GAC has small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions. Due to its high degree of micro porosity, one gram of activated carbon has a surface area in excess of 3,000 m2 allowing it to remove particles ranging from 0.5 –10 microns and therefore removes pesticides, chlorides and microplastics as well.It is observed from experimental results that various physical and chemical parameters (taste, odour, pH, turbidity, chloride and hardness) have been improved (IS 10500: 2012) after using the Modified Sand Filter. Therefore further experimentation can be done to check its efficiency in removal of other hazardous substances.
A review paper on partial replacement of fine aggregate by different allied materials.
Authors: Prasanna Shwetha , Pawan Arolkar , Kishan Arondekar , Shifa Gaunker , Fernandes Sheriton , De Melo Aristophanes
Published: August 2024

As results of the fast increase in construction activity, ancient construction materials reminiscent of cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate arein short supply. Concrete is the most significant part in building and is employed in massive quantities. It conjointly necessitates an enormous quantity of sand as a fine aggregate. Natural resources are being depleted by digging up sand from rivers, which poses a major threat to the ecosystem. Experts are therefore now focusing on developing a substitute to concrete and sand. In the manufacturing of concrete, however, a number of wastes and by-products from various industries are employed as substitutes or alternative materials.This paper reviews some significant attempts in the partial replacement of fine aggregate made by researchers in the last ten years.
The technique of writing a review article: Understanding the past for the management of future knowledge.
Authors: Rathi Meenakshi V.
Published: August 2024

A study of past, relevant material is a vital component of every academic research. In the era of rising numbers of research papers, review articles of good standard are often needed. A literature review aims to critically evaluate existing research data. Academic writing should not be shaped by technical jargon or limited to a series of tips and tactics aimed at a quick publishing. This brief contribution does not impose stringent regulations on academic publications, but rather helps potential authors prepare and improve their review papers to the advantage of a wide audience .Review articles might suggest new study directions and draw fresh conclusions from current data.Because reviews are important for evaluating results, the value of one is related to the results that have been discovered, as well as how these findings are presented. The issue of “why” is most crucial when writing a review, not “how.” One of the primary and essential reasons for composing a review is to assemble an informative synthesis of the mostsuperior resources.
A comparative study of acid water treatment by grasses
Authors: Soni Ranjeeta
Published: August 2024

Alkaline water and other alkaline products have gained popularity in recent years, becoming a new health trend alkaline drinks. Acidic environments in the body cause several chronic illnesses, which they claim could not persist in an alkaline environment. The thinking behind this is that drinking alkaline water helps the body itself to become more alkaline, which will treat a number of illnesses, including cancer. In general, alkaline water tends to be more alkaline because it has minerals and electrolytes in it. Due to this, drinking this water after a workout or while sick may help keep minerals and electrolytes balanced and prevent dehydration. Medicinal plants are rich in several potential drugs and it carries healthier and harmless alternate to synthetic system of drugs. Plant doob/ bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) family (Graminae/Poaceae) is one of them. Doob grass is a perennial grass circulated all over the world, and particularly it is native to the high temperate and tropical regions.. It has various medicinal values and it is used in the treatment of various types of diseases in the form of various dosage forms like powder, paste or extracts. The plant of C. dactylon has a variety of biological activities like antiviral, antibacterial, antimicrobial and specially wound healing properties (Virmani R et al. Hidden Potential of Doob Grass- An Indian Traditional Drug. Res Pharm Health Sci.2018; 4(3). Barley grass (Hordeum vulgare) family (Poaceae) and doob grass taken for study to reduce the acidity from water.
Critical success factors for quick commerce grocery delivery in India: an exploratory study.
Authors: Ganapathy Venkatesh , Dr Chithambar Gupta
Published: August 2024

On-demand delivery of groceries through quick commerce has gained traction after Covid-19 pandemic evincing the interest of regional and national level start- ups in India. This model of online grocery delivery has immense potential due to convenience for customers and speed of delivery. However, survival in this business needs infusion of funds for expansion, controlling costs and managing the efficient deployment of funds. Revenues cannot be earned only from delivery charges or from margins. Other sources of generating revenues are critical. Earlier, start-ups focused only on scaling up the business without an eye on profitability. But now earning profits from this model has become imperative. This has spurred consolidation among the market players. This research effort discusses these developments and attempts to identify critical success factors that can lead to long term sustainability of this business model. The paper also makes recommendations so that operations can be made profitable.
Concepts and trends of sustainable food security and its approach at global level.
Authors: Duraipandian  , M. Yuvarani  , G. Shiyamala  , M. Abdul Kapur
Published: August 2024

All living things have many problems are increasing and associated with poverty, food scarcity and diseases. However food is the primary and fundamental tool for every organism to survive and growth. The United Nations Organization main role and aim is to remove hunger from worldwide. In order to provide the right quality of food and a large amount of nutrients in food systems for all organisms are required by the application of new technologies and sustainable agriculture development. The new technological approach is used to find the new and advanced techniques are implemented through well equipped machines, etc for good food production against hungry and diseases. Developing nutritious food through sustainable agriculture for the production of highly nutritional, medicinal and disease-resistant varieties for society. The agriculture sustainable development also helps for poor people are easy to utilize and remove the hungry.
Formulation and standardization of herbal nutritious bar and their sensory evaluation specially reference to menopause women.
Authors: Saxena Dr Dipali , Dr Shweta Keswani  , Aditi Gupta
Published: August 2024

Women in the menopausal transition commonly report a variety of symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats, heart discomfort, sleeping problems, joint or muscular discomfort, imbalanced hormones etc. The objective of the current study is to formulate an herbal nutritious bar" specifically for women going through menopause utilizing a variety of components, including popped amaranth seeds, amaranth flour, shatavari and some spices. The ingredients were solely used to relieve menopausal symptoms while still giving women essential nourishment. The organoleptic qualities of the items on the 9-Point Hedonic Scale were assessed using the score card method. It was discovered that T8, T9, and T10 were the most successful therapies for all sensory aspects. acceptance of experimental T7 and T8 as minor components generally. It was found that functional meals made for women at risk of menopause with good nutrition not only assist them but also prevent menopause.
Designing an interior space of residence using recycling and sustainable materials and reduce the impact of hazardous materials
Authors: Rupasinghe Kasun Tharaka
Published: August 2024

Recycling materials and sustainable materials are two major aspects in Architecture. And when it comes to interior design this can affect more to the human being as well as the indoor environment.  It’s not just we can use materials in cheaper ways that we generate less pollution and produce good air quality to have well being life cycle around you. The basic output of this project is to identify and study the hazardousness of materials and to reduce its impact and to give solutions and alternatives to use them in a healthy way. The new design era has given energy to the design perspective, many of the modern designs has its own uniqueness, basically including shapes, forms and specially the selection of materials. And as designers we all must have a concern of its nature and how it effect to the health and also to increase the indoor air quality of the particular area. And as one of my main focuses of the project is to use recycle materials you need to have an idea about what kind of materials can be used in addition to the other perspective of the design. Hazardous of the materials has its own properties which can do a real harm and even cost the lives. So as this comes as a part of mine main objective of the project this study and the exercises are depend on the study of those materials and giving them better solutions with reducing the effect on the nature and the environment.
Assessment on fishery resources in Kottaipattinam coast, Palk Bay, Southeast Coast of India
Authors: Sathiya C. , Sesh Serebiah J. , Stella Chelladurai
Published: August 2024

The present study dealt with fishery resources in Kottaipattinam coast. The study was carried out for the period of one year from (April 2019 - March 2020) to assess the diversity and seasonal changes. 58 species belongs to 19 order were recorded in the present study. Among, nineteen species were collected from the order perciforms which showed highest species composition.  Eight species were collected in the order Carangiforms noticed to be second dominant order for species composition. Other orders showed least representations. Fifty three species were landed during post monsoon season followed by pre monsoon (50 Nos) and monsoon and summer seasons represented by equal numbers as 48. It was clearly found that the life history of many fishes in Palk bay are adapted to the seasonal changes. Hence it would be useful to design the capture strategies especially in Palk bay for sustainable resource utilization.
Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant activity of Solanum tuberosum peel using High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HR-LCMS) and FTIR *Deo S. K. and Sakhale B.K.
Authors: Deo Shrutika K , B K Sakhale , B K Sakhale
Published: August 2024

Potato peel (PP) is high in bioactive compounds and has an immense important in the nutraceutical sector, a wide spectrum of bioactive secondary metabolites produced by potato peel can be used to build novel medications and functional foods. It has been demonstrated that complex bioactive chemicals must be analyzed using analytical methods such as HR-LCMS. The current project's goal was to study the bioactive metabolites found in methanolic extract of potato peel (MEPP) using total pheolic (TPC), flavanoids (TFC), in vitro anti oxidant activity, HR-LCMS and FTIR. Using Q-TOF LC/MS and Agilent MassHunter Profiler software to investigate the bioactive components of PP, researchers discovered 28 bioactive chemicals such as 4,7-Dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one.4-Coumaroyl-2-hydroxyputrescine,6,8dihydroxypurine,6'-methoxypolygoacetophenoside, Alloxanthin, Butyl 3-O-caffeoylquinate, Chlorogenic acid, Cularicine, Feruloylputrescine, Feruloylputrescine, Feruloylputrescine, Feruloylputrescine, Feruloylput,  Quinic acid, Gerberinol, Grossamide, Quercetagetin that have anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activity. The current findings of this study reveal the presence of significant phytocompounds in PP and are valuable for future research into developing functional foods from PP to avoid a variety of diseases. Current study is aimed at discovering all-natural treatments for a wide range of ailments and conditions.
Keywords: Potato peel, HR-LCMS, FTIR, Bioactive compounds, TPC, TFC
A Narrative Review on Research Evidence of Homoeopathic Treatment in Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
Authors: Singh Mansi , Jadhav Arun B.
Published: August 2024

Background: In many developing countries, upper respiratory tract infections are a major public health issue, and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children and adults. Thus, the purpose of our narrative review was to assess the efficacy of homoeopathic medicines in upper respiratory tract infections.Methodology: A comprehensive computerized literature search was carried out to find clinical research articles. PubMed, Cochrane, Wiley, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Medline, Science Direct, and the Thieme -E-journal of homoeopathy were searched and relevant articles were used for reviewing purposes. This review only included clinical trials that involved humans. Pilot studies, animal experiments, and article abstracts were excluded. There were complete research articles. All prospective observational clinical research articles that were randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled wereincluded.Results: Sixty articles were found in a preliminary search. Total 43 research articles were studied for the review. Irrelevant and duplicated articles were removed. Total 24 articles were selected for the narrative review. 3 articles were found about acute respiratory tract infections and 21 articles were about upper respiratory tract infection. All the studies were very diverse in the methodology, type of homoeopathy used and outcome measurement. Different types of homoeopathy in terms of individualised, complex syrup and home medication were used in studies. Fourteen studies reported the role of homoeopathy in reducing the severity of symptoms, efficacy beyond placebo, superiority or non-inferiority over conventional medications, in lowering the consumption of antibiotics and as prophylaxis. On the other hand, three studies found little or no effect in reducing symptoms or number of visits.Conclusion: This systematic review concluded that homeopathic medicines are safe and effective in acute and upper respiratory tract infections. But more randomized placebo controlled studies should be conducted to strengthen the available evidence.
First identification of the microcystins – producing cyanobacterium Microcystis flos- aquae and Microcystis wesenbergi in Valankulam lake, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Mohan Bala , Prabha Duraiswamy , Priyadarshinee Sunder Sheela
Published: August 2024

Microcystis was major toxin-producing cyanobacterial species, may highly found in eutrophication water bodies. The cyanobacterial toxins are increase the aquatic stress, and may leads to nutrients load in aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, Microcystis flos-aquae, and Microcystis wesenbergi was recorded for the first in the valankulam lake, at Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India. In addition, some hydrographical characteristics viz., Water Temperature, pH , Salinity, DO, TDS, EC, Phosphate, Total alkalinity, and Nitrate was also analysed during the study period from September-2021 to May-2022.
Biodiversity and Distribution pattern of Hemipteran insect bugs associated with Rice field Ecosystem of Sivaganga, TamilNadu, India
Authors: Sangeetha M , Alaguchamy N
Published: August 2024

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the relative abundance of Hemipteran insects associated with the Rice Field Ecosystems in the selected study area of Sivaganga District, Tamil Nadu, India with an aim to identify the composition of Hemipteran insect fauna at species level and determine the diversity/ distribution pattern of Hemipteran insects. A total of 21 taxa belonging to Hemipteran (true bugs) insects were collected from the study area. The meanabundance (number/m 2 ) per month was ranged between 0 – 25. Shannon’s index value was 2.888, 2.853, 2.722, 2.853, 2.795, 2.767 for Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec respectively, while the Simpson’s index 0.9362, 0.9333, 0.9167, 0.9315, 0.9272,0.9274 for Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec respectively. There was no significant difference in the relative abundance of insects between taxa from the sampling sites.
A descriptive study on pathophysiology of causes in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nedumaran Vinoth , Manhas Sushma Suresh
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a metabolic disorder characterized by Hyperglycemia with clinical features Polydipsia, Polyuria, Polyphagia. DM is a sedentary life-style disorder where 79.4 Million individuals in India may have affect of Diabetes Mellitus by 2030. The DM is due to impaired insulin secretion and abnormal fat metabolism in obese person with BMI > 25Kg/m2.Also, the risk of DM is increased in individuals with familial tendency of DM, in persons whose physical activity is decreased. There are factors which also interfere with the recovery like stress, over alcohol consumption, smoking, improper nutrition etc; The cause which obstruct the prognosis is briefly explained with its physiology from different articles.
Present status of MSW generationin NCT-Delhi and managementin light of new waste management rules
Authors: Malakar Srikumar
Published: August 2024

Composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) varies in quantity and quality which includes food waste, household waste, market waste and commercial waste materials that are no longer useful. MSW generation in India have been heavily increased due to population explosion, fast industrialization and urbanization in the last decades. In 2036, population in India is expected to grow to 1.52 billion and urban population will be 39.06%. Urban India is expected to generate about 11,95,000 Tonnes Per Day (TPD) by 2050. National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, being India’s national capital and a metropolitan city having high population density facing tremendous task in managing collection, segregation, transport and disposal of solid wastes. Five Municipal bodies/ Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) are responsible for solid waste management in Delhi. Along with ULBs, profit-oriented private sectors, the non-profit voluntary organizations or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and numerous unorganized individuals engaged in collection, segregation, recycling and disposal of MSW. The existing MSW collection and handling systems in Delhi seems inadequate for compliance to the new Solid Waste Management Rules- 2016. The four sanitary landfills in Delhi are oversaturated and the MSW generated needs proper segregation and recycling of materials at source to minimize disposal. Decentralized methods of waste processing, reduction, recycle and reuse, which include composting, bio-methanation, fossilization are need of the hour. The informal sectors like the private companies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), waste collectors (rag pickers, kabadiwalas) and waste recyclers shall be integrated into the solid waste management system.
Removal of dye from textile wastewater using zero valent iron nanoparticle
Authors: Sumathy Victor V. Judia Harriet , Maran Sangeetha
Published: August 2024

Water is a precious commodity which is indispensable and is absolutely necessary for sustenance for life. Although 71% of the earth surface is covered with water which consists of nearly 97.5% salty water and 2.5 % of the freshwater and out of which only 0,007 % is available for drinking. The industrial wastes are a major source of the water pollution which contains various kinds of dyes and other pollutants. Among industries, textile dyeing industries have a wide range of color dyes and bright hues. Over 70,000 tons of approximately 10,000 types of dyes and pigments are annually worldwide disposed of which 20 to 30% industrial effluents are those which are released during the textile curing and finishing process. Dyes have been extremely used in textile, leather tanning, cosmetics, pigments and many other industries. The presence of these dyes in the hydrosphere possesses a significant source of pollution because of their visibility at very low concentration and their nature of recalcitrance which can be lead to undesirable danger to the visibility of aquatic life such as sunlight penetration and resisting photochemical reaction. This waste water generated during the dyeing process increases chemical oxygen demand (COD), and Biology oxygen demand (BOD) levels of aquatic source. The discharge of wastewater without any treatment has an impact on the receiving water bodies crying out for an effluent treatment process. The objective of this project was to identify a nanoparticle that is capable of removing color / dye from textile wastewater.
Synthesis of silver nanoparticles of indole acetic acid and its effect on seed germination of Lablab purpureus seeds.
Authors: Naik Juhi
Published: August 2024

Horticulture is that the branch of agriculture that deals with science and art of the event, sustainable production, marketing, and use of high-value, intensively cultivated food and decorative plants. Horticultural crops are diverse; they include annual and perennial species, delicious fruits and vegetables, and ornamental indoor and landscape plants. It is considered to be the foremost a part of the planet economy. Even though, one among the main challenges, seriously influencing the economic loss of horticulture is rooting of cuttings and root growth inhibiting plant pathogens. To deal this issue through nanobiotechnology, a concept has been built of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as “nano-bullets”. In this study AgNPs synthesis, using rooting hormones Indole Acetic Acid was done. Further, its effect on Seed Germination of Lablab purpureus seeds was studied with references to three parameters: Seed Germination (%), Root Length (cm) and Fresh Root Weight (gm). As a result, threefold enhacement was observed in seeds treated with AgNPs compared to the control on the sixth day of observation. This study can unravel the relevance, scope and current challenges at horticulture plants root development and disease management for the sustainable agricultural crop production.
Pharmacognosy of Azadirachta indica and possible use in COVID- 19: a review
Authors: Neelesh Kumar Maurya  , Yadav Latika
Published: August 2024

Neem is the most useful traditional medicine as a source of many medicinal agents in Indian society, and it grows well in tropical and semi-tropical countries. Any part of the neem tree is used in the indigenous medicine scheme, viz. Bark, berries, berries, seeds and extracts. Its extracts have antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, anti-allergic, anti-dermal and anti-inflammatory properties. Neem is also referred to as "Free Tree of India," "Wonder Tree," "Nature Drug Store," "Divine Tree," "Heal All" and "Panacea of All Diseases." In this period, special focus should be put on the prevention of both human and animal diseases using non-toxic herbal products. There is a lot of potential for greater use of this wonderful facility. Each part of the neem tree has certain medicinal properties. In the last five decades, apart from the chemistry of neem compounds, substantial development has been made concerning the biological function and medicinal applications of neem. It is now known to be a valuable source of specific natural products for the production of medicines against different diseases and also for the development of industrial products. this review tries to provide the importance of this ancient plant importance with the risk factor. Current time COVID -19 pandemic its use in sanitizers, hand wash but Azadirachta indica pharmacognosy ability does not completely utilize its beneficial properties.
Standardization of growing temperature and Bijamrita concentration for seed germination and seedling vigor in foxglove (Digitalis purpurea L.)
Authors: Tariyal Yashwant , Sadaf Ansari  , P. Prasad
Published: August 2024

Plants had been used for treating various ailments in various systems of medicine for a long time. Having varied agro-climatic conditions India has rich medicinal flora. Foxglove or tilpushpi, botanically known as Digitalis purpurea L. is one of the medicinally and economically important plant species due to the presence of cardiac glycosides used in life-saving medicines. Present study was carried out with different concentrations of bijamrita (an organic seed treatment) (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, 62.5%, 75%, 87.5% and 100%) in petridish under two different temperatures i.e. 15˚C and 25˚C to assess the germination percent and seedling vigor. It was found that, per cent germination, speed of germination, mean daily germination and germination value were highest in 75% concentration and peak value and seedling vigor index I were found highest in 100% concentration under 25˚C temperature whereas, seedling vigor index II was highest in 87.5%. Per cent germination, mean daily germination, peak value, germination value and seedling vigor index I were found highest under 100% of bijamrita whereas, speed of germination and seedling vigor index II were found highest in 87.5% concentration of bijamrita at 15˚C temperature. Under both the temperature condition higher concentration of bijamrita i.e. 75%, 87.5% and 100% were found best for major traits in both the methods. So, from this experiment it can be concluded that higher concentration of bijamrita increases the germination % as well as helps in the healthy growth of seedlings.
Packaging and shelf-life of dairy products.
Authors: Sivashree K. , Ravi Reethika , Abirami S.P.
Published: August 2024

Aim: The aim is to understand the packaging and shelf - life conditions required for dairy products. Objective: To give an overview of the packaging systems and shelf-life period of currently available dairy products. To study consumers’ choice in packaging of the everyday usage of dairy products. To understand the consumers’ awareness in determining the storage and shelf-life conditions of the product. Materials and Method: This study was done through google forms, where questions were raised about different packaging preferences and shelf-life period.Result and Conclusion: This study was focused on awareness and consumer preference on the available and subsequent needs in dairy packaging systems. It revealed that 93.5% people use dairy products everyday and prefer packet forms and bottle over any other packaging methods.
Antifungal Activity of Some Plant Extracts on Alternaria Burnsii: The Causal Agent of Alternaria Blight of Cumin
Authors: Jagani Bhavna , Parmar Minaxi , Patel Vallabh bhai , Vishwakarma Nutan Prakash
Published: August 2024

Cumin is a vital seed spice crop in India. The most dreaded disease in the cumin crop is Alternaria blight, caused by Alternaria burnsii. It is a significant production constraint for cultivating the cumin crop in Gujarat as in India. Eight different plant species were utilized for the eco-friendly management of this disease. The experiment on managing Alternaria blight of cumin was conducted at Atmiya University, Rajkot. Crude plant extracts were prepared in water, acetone, and cow urine as solvents at different concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%). The poisoned food technique determined the in vitro antifungal activity of these plant extracts. Based on in vitro studies, all the plants exhibited significant antifungal activity. During the research work, it was found that the highest inhibition was recorded for Azadirachta indica (78.15%) extract prepared in acetone, followed by Mimuspos elengi (67.75%) extract prepared in cow urine at 15% concentration (at p≤0.01). The lowest inhibition was recorded for Aloe barbadensis miller (40.24%), and Annona reticulata (43.48%) extract prepared in water at 15% concentration.
Characterization of selected fruit peel as biofertilizer
Authors: Krithika R. , Raajeswari P.A.
Published: August 2024

The primary goal of this study is popularization of probiotic farming in India. A cheap source of Lactic Acid Bacteria produced by fruit peels like pomegranate peel, sweet lime peel and orange peel powder, which are then used as biofertilizer in agriculture. Various characteristics features like observed the growth of lactic acid bacteria by spread plate techniques for 48 hours at 37°C, FTIR, instrumental color analysis and antioxidant DPPH assay of selected fruit peels were analysed and compared. The constant and stable growth of lactic acid bacteria is observed by pomegranate peel powder while compared to sweet lime and orange peel powder. FTIR confirms the presence of functional groups like water, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alkane, amines, aldehyde, anhydride, ester, ketone, amide, NO 2 , fluorine andchlorine in pomegrante peel, orange peel and sweet lime peel powder. The colour analysis L * a * b * shows that highest lightness and redness observed in pomegranate peel and highest range of yellowish color was noticed in orange peel powder. The comparison of fruit peel powder with standard ascorbic acid inferred that pomegranate peel powder extract shows more effective in lowest concentration and orange and sweet lime peel powder extract shows that increase in inhibition % as increase in concentration. The present study concluded that fruit peels with highest content of antioxidant and best source of probiotics can be used as biofertilizer to increase the quality and quantity of the food crops in agricultural field through probiotic farming practices.
Homoeopathic treatment on diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy [ddsp]: a systematic review.
Authors: Samdani Dr. Simran , Nadgauda Dr Sameer
Published: August 2024

Background: An epidemic of the disorders/ complications is paralleling the global epidemics of prediabetes and diabetes. The most frequent complication is neuropathy, of which distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DDSP) is very common. Diabetic neuropathy is characterised by pain and significant morbidity, as well as a loss of sensory function that begins distantly in the lower extremities. At least 50% of people with diabetes eventually develop diabetic neuropathy. In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, glucose control effectively slows the progression of diabetic neuropathy; however, the effects are less pronounced in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: To locate clinical research publications, a  computerised literature search was conducted. A thorough search of PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the Thieme-E-journal of homoeopathy was done. This review only included clinical studies that involved humans. Pilot research, animal experiments  were excluded. All prospective observational clinical research studies that were randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled were included. Conclusion: This systematic review concluded that homeopathic medicines are safe and effective in management of Diabetic Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy (DDSP). But more randomized placebo controlled studies should be conducted to strengthen the available evidence.
Homoeopathic Management in the cases of Lumbar Spondylosis
Authors: Turkar Puja , Jyoti Patil
Published: August 2024

Background - Lumbar spondylosis, also known as osteoarthritic spinal disease of the lumbar vertebrae, is a degenerative disease that usually occurs with age and is characterized by lower back pain that worsens with movement. It is a common problem seen in the general population. If left untreated, the disease can lead to disabilities and affect the quality of life. This study aims to demonstrate the usefulness of homeopathic medicines in patients with lumbar spondylosis using Murphy repertory as a tool for prescribing medicines.
Materials and method -To conduct this study, 30 patients in the age group of 30 to 70 years with a diagnosis of lumbar spondylosis were selected. Treatment response was determined by ROM, SLR and pain score before and after treatment. Repertorization was done with the help of Murphy repertory using the RADAR software, and the remedy was prescribed to the patients.
Result - The study found that the pain score before treatment was 7.00 ± 0.98, after treatment the pain score was reduced to 3.10 ± 1.37.7 Paired t-test was used to assess treatment efficacy. The statistical value of the test is 17.60 and the p-value (0.000**) is very small, suggesting that Murphy Repertory is useful in treating cases of lumbar spondylosis.
Conclusion - The medicines, which were selected and prescribed based on totality of symptoms considering sign and symptom of lumbar spondylosis, after the repertorization from murphy repertory, showed significant result in the treatment of lumbar spondylosis. The results support new avenues for future studies of lumbar spondylosis and homeopathic treatment.
Isolation, production, and application of fibrinolytic enzyme from fermented food sources: a review
Authors: Singh Nitika , Singh Shera Shailendra
Published: August 2024

The accumulation of the fibrin in bacterial fibrinolytic enzymes finds applications to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases which fail in hemostasis that leads to the formation of undesirable blood clots in the blood vessels leading to condition called thrombosis. The fibrinolytic enzymes from food grade organisms are useful for thrombolytic therapy. Conventional thrombolytic agents such as streptokinase, nattokinase etc. Nattokinaseis one such fibrinolytic enzyme with a wide range of applications in Pharmaceutical industry, health care and medicine etc. Hence,potent blood-clot dissolving protein used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseasesis produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis during the fermentation of soybeans to produce Natto. The health benefits of some fermented foods are synthesis of nutrients, prevention of cancer, diabetes due to presence of functional microorganisms, which possess probiotics properties, antimicrobial, antioxidant, etc. The first report of fibrinolytic enzyme production of cow dung used as a cheap substrate fromBacillusspeciesin SSFhas been given earlier. This review describes different isolation methods which enable the screening and selection of promising organisms for industrial production.The purification and properties of these fibrinolytic proteases is discussed, and the use of fibrinolytic enzyme. In order to obtain Bacillus species producing fibrinolytic enzymes, the fermented food sample such as sprouted grain and processed grain etc were used. The heat tolerant isolates initiallywere selected for catalase test. Fibrinolytic activity of the selected isolates was determined by using Fibrin plate assay. From the above work, it can be concluded that the fibrinolytic enzyme produced by Bacillus from fermented food samples had the ability to degrade the fibrin and hence can be used for functional food formulation
Correlation between female literacy and sex ratio in Rajasthan:a geographical analysis
Authors: Yadav Subhash Chandra
Published: August 2024

Education changes the awareness of the society, so literacy responsible for the changing pattern of sex composition of any region. The study triumphs that Literacy has vital effects on the sex ratio. Therefore, the present paper is aimed to analyze the Correlation between female Literacy and Sex Ratio in Rajasthan using data collected by the 2011 census. Spearman’s Rank Difference method is used to analyze the correlation between literacy and sex ratio. The study reveals that the correlation between female literacy and sex ratio is r= -295. It is a moderate negative correlation. The female literacy and sex ratio have moved the opposite direction in Rajasthan. The sex ratio has been found higher in districts, which have low female literacy. Kota district has registered the highest female literacy of (65.9%) but it has a very low sex ratio of 911.
Hospital Wastewater Sludge: An Unaddressed Environmental Reservoir for Emerging and Rare Nosocomial Pathogens
Authors: Bhatt Pallavi , Mathur Nupur , Singh Anuradha , Sarkar Priyanka , Bhatnagar Pradeep
Published: August 2024

Nosocomial infections cause significant mortality and financial losses each year. Most of these infections are caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) opportunistic pathogens and therefore are difficult to treat by standard therapies. Though hospitals are considered as ecological niches for nosocomial pathogens, environmental reservoirs for the same are still underexplored.The present study addressed this issue by systematically profiling the pathogenic diversity of hospital wastewater sludge hypothesized as an important reservoir for nosocomial pathogens within a hospital setting using Illumina Miseq Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)approach.The NGS data showed that i) nosocomial pathogens dominated the hospital sludge bacterial profile and majority of them fell in the category of either emerging or rare pathogens ii) Majority of the pathogens formed part of the low abundant microbiota represented by 3.56% of the reads iii) Nearly 14% of the reads were represented by the unculturable bacteria iv) Of the 580 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified in this study, 166 matched with potential human pathogens v) Enterobacter cloacae (56.45%) was the most dominant species followed byPseudomonas putida(6.07%), Fusobacterium ulcerans(3.08%) Acidaminococcus fermentans (2.03%) respectively.Aeromonas hydrophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pantoea agglomeransformed the less dominant species.This study points towards the catastrophic effect on public health and environment that may result from the co-treatment of hospital wastewater with domestic wastewater in municipal wastewater treatment plants and the use of resultant sludge in agriculture which is a common method of sludge disposal practiced in developing countries.
Climate change impact on insect pest prevalence and sustainable adaptation strategies for their management.
Authors: Tikadar Kumaresh S. , Kamble Rahul K.
Published: August 2024

Climate change has a pronounced impact on agriculture. A pan-India studyon climate change impact on insect pestprevalencewas conducted on paddy, cotton, pulses, wheat, mustard and barley cultivating marginalized farmers(n=280).The systematic random sampling methodology was adopted for sample population identification. A specially designed, developed and field tested questionnaire was used to elicit the information from the respondent.The findings revealed that during the crop growth stage insect pestprevalencehas increased, new types of insects affecting the crops, more weed growth affecting the crops, and the cost of insecticidesand pesticidesuse has increased several folds.To manage theseinsect pests,synthetic insecticidesand pesticidesare used which have the number of disadvantages associated with them. To overcome these, sustainable adaptation strategies for insect pestmanagementare identified from the literature and are described in this paper. These strategiesinclude intercropping,poly-culture, cover crop, rice-fish agriculture system, organic mulches, bio-fumigation, trap cropping etc. Farmers’ awareness, training, and workshops are required for the dissemination of these strategies for insect pestmanagementfor transforming subsistence farming into sustainable farming.
Role of urban forestry in the ecological development of Pune City.
Authors: Desai Gayatri , Nagapurkar Shilpa
Published: August 2024

The urbanization enhances the socio-economic and technological growth of the city.The society is benefited interms of employment opportunities, better lifestyle and healthcare facilities; however, the major drawback of urbanization is overcrowding and environmental degradation of the city. The need and importance of urban forestry isto be analyzed and various measures should be taken to utilize that knowledge in restoring the green cover for achieving the ecological development of a city. The growth pattern seen in the case of Pune city is the expansion of new settlements around the city core, without proper planning and understanding of urban forestry & green spaces. The scope of the research in this paper is limited to the identification of the existing issues in the urban forestry areas of Pune like the Lakes, Parks and gardens, hills, etc. and the solutions to mitigate those problems are mentioned herewith. The paper has anticipated future challenges and the scope for further research is the proposal of the areas identified for the development of urban forestry in Pune city to improve the urban greenery and create a livable space for the city dwellers.
Finding a strategic approach for application of biomimicry in architecture.
Authors: Pradhan Julliet , Choudhury Raj Sekhar
Published: August 2024

In the last few decades there has been an increasing interest in bio mimicry worldwide and has led to its emergence as animportant theory that looks up to nature as a mentor and model to find out innovative solutions for design. Through the concept of biomimicry, designers realize the organic structures in nature are not only beautiful but also durable, that can be applied to nature-inspired design interventions. As we are heading towards sustainability, biomimicry can be an innovative approach to achieve sustainable design. Here in this paper an attempt has been made to explore the concepts of bio-inspired design and its different methodologies, in order to derive at a systematic approach to design the built environment that mimics the techniques of nature into architecture.Biomimicry has three levels: organism, behavior and ecosystem, in order to generate form, selection of material, construction process, and establishing it to function. From the literature, 5 aspects of each level of biomimicry were identified and compared with 5 areas of architectural interventions. Opinions of industry experts and academicians were recorded through questionnaire survey on a 5-point Likert-type scale which were then analyzed using t-test. The aspects of each level of biomimicry were then ranked according to their favorability of applications with respect to the area of architecture. Thisranking system clearly explains the best suited aspect for each level of biomimicry in a concerned area of architecture as per the requirement.
An urbanscenario in Indiais deprecating human sensation and perception of neuro architecture: time to develop urban greens to heal.
Authors: Salvi Kalyani Amol
Published: August 2024

The National Commission on Population in India foreseesthat in the next 15 years, more than 35%of Indians will live in urban areas. In 2021, by this time,air, waterpollution, andwater supply, city drainage has reached beyond the implied limit. Reviseddevelopment draft 2034 is showing additional spaces for schools, hospitals, crematoriums, ceremony halls, roads, andrelated connectivity. This is encroaching on the remaining land of green areas and open plots. Urbanism has no choice for developing countries. Development intechnology is often associated with adverse costslike social defragmentation, environmental ruins, pollution, and waste management disorder.Thoughtful applicationisconstructive if done rightly from its micro-level and implementedby investigation, it can encourage health, wellness, and efficiency.Duringthepandemic, research studies are explainingmental sicknesswhich isfaced by citizens while living alone,isolatedwithin four vertical planes. Neuro-architecture can be defined as built spacesdesigned with neuroscience principles, which establishes spaces that boost memory, develop thinking abilities, escape anxiety, and encouragethebrain.Developing spaces for better mental health playsa key role inrising happiness while spending life in urban cities. Sensation and perception are two isolatedprogressionsthat are meticulouslylinked. The sensation is a responsetothe outer sphereattainedby humansensory physical receptors, and perception is the methodby which the brain picks, arranges, and understandsthese sensations. In other words, the senses are the functionalbasis of awareness. Urban life could be better by improvingtheability of sensory receptors by providing more, bigger, enormous green spaces around.