bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFISSIONAL NUTRICIONISTA: SUA PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE AS COBRANÇAS EXTERNAS RELACIONADAS À SUA IMAGEM CORPORAL E ESTEREÓTIPOS
Authors: Dos Santos Lovato Cristina , Da Cruz Alice
Published: November 2020

Na constituição do perfil profissional, muitas pessoas deparam-se com estereótipos relacionados, na maioria das vezes, à aparência corporal considerada como um critério para a avaliação da qualidade profissional dos indivíduos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é verificar se há interferência dos padrões de beleza vigentes na sociedade na constituição do perfil do profissional da área de Nutrição. Trata-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo realizado por meio de respostas a questionários semiestruturados disponibilizados via Google drive e análises documentais de seletivas de emprego para nutricionistas. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que no imaginário social parece existir uma relação entre o padrão antropométrico e estético do profissional da área de Nutrição e o estereótipo social de magreza, culturalmente, entendido como uma qualidade desse profissional. Há um alinhamento entre a aparência física , em termos de padrão antropométrico, e a percepção sobre a área em conformidade com os padrões estéticos vigentes de magreza. Constata-se, por fim, que o estereótipo de magreza feminino parece ser um aspecto constitutivo da identidade do profissional da Nutrição, em função da profissão ser associada ao feminino.
La restitución perspectiva a partir de una imagen fotográfica. El palacio de Jura Real de Valencia
Authors: Ramón Constantí Amanda , Gómez-Gil Antonio
Published: November 2020

Se propone utilizar el método de restitución perspectiva, sobre una fotografía del desaparecido palacio valenciano de Jura Real, para reconstituir su fachada. El trabajo se ha establecido desde una búsqueda de material gráfico y fotográfico antiguo, en archivos públicos y privados. Afortunadamente se ha contado con la existencia de algunos elementos que pertenecieron al palacio demolido, teniendo así una referencia métrica real. Como resultado del proceso, que se detalla en el texto, se ofrece la fachada desaparecida, introduciendo la información en un programa de dibujo vectorial (Autocad).
Current Landscape of Teaching Diversity in Occupational Therapy Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Grenier Marie-Lyne , Zafran Hiba , Roy Laurence
Published: November 2020

Importance: Critical research in health professions education makes clear the role of educational institutions in perpetuating problematic discourses related to diversity, as well as their potential role in dismantling and rebuilding those discourses to reflect the realities of power relations that create systemic injustice.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive overview of current pedagogical practices and educational paradigms used by occupational therapy educators to teach concepts of, and skills for, equity and diversity.

Data Sources: Seven education and health care databases were searched for articles published between 2007 and 2018.

Study Selection and Data Collection: Consensually developed criteria were refined until an agreement rate of >80% was achieved among the authors. Inclusion criteria focused on entry-level occupational therapy education across the world and explicitly examined approaches to teaching diversity. All articles meeting the criteria were kept for full-text review (N = 87).

Findings: Diversity in professional occupational therapy education programs is taught within five main underlying educational paradigms and theories: competency-based (44%), social justice (29%), critical (11%), social accountability (10%), and constructivism (6%). Within these paradigms, 14 key pedagogical practices were applied, with community service learning (37%), international service learning (25%), and didactic or course-based practices (23%) making up the majority of pedagogical practices.

Conclusions and Relevance: Although current occupational therapy research demonstrates a trend toward critical paradigms and practices, problematic cultural competency theories and uncritical international service learning practices continue to dominate occupational therapy education for diversity. Educators should implement pedagogies and approaches within critical educational paradigms.

What This Article Adds: This article highlights the importance to occupational therapy education of attending to coherence across educational ethics, paradigms, and learning outcomes in teaching for diversity and health equity.
The characterization of Taklamakan dust properties using a multiwavelength Raman polarization lidar in Kashi, China
Authors: Hu Qiaoyun , Wang Haofei , Goloub Philippe , Li Zhengqiang , Veselovskii Igor , Podvin Thierry , Li Kaitao , Korenskiy Mikhail
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The Taklamakan desert is an important dust source for the global atmospheric dust budget and a cause of the dust weather in East Asia. The characterization of Taklamakan dust in the source region is still very limited. To fill this gap, the DAO (dust aerosol observation) was conducted in April 2019 in Kashi, China. The Kashi site is about 150 km from the western rim of the Taklamakan desert and is strongly impacted by desert dust aerosols, especially in spring time, i.e., April and May. According to sun–sky photometer measurements, the aerosol optical depth (at 500 nm) varied in the range of 0.07–4.70, and the Ångström exponent (between 440 and 870 nm) in the range of 0.0–0.8 in April 2019. In this study, we provide the first profiling of the 2α+3β+3δ parameters of Taklamakan dust based on a multiwavelength Mie–Raman polarization lidar. For Taklamakan dust, the Ångström exponent related to the extinction coefficient (EAE, between 355 and 532 nm) is about 0.01 ± 0.30, and the lidar ratio is found to be 45 ± 7 sr (51 ± 8–56 ± 8 sr) at 532 (355) nm. The particle linear depolarization ratios (PLDRs) are about 0.28–0.32 ± 0.07 at 355 nm, 0.36 ± 0.05 at 532 nm and 0.31 ± 0.05 at 1064 nm. Both lidar ratios and depolarization ratios are higher than the typical values of Central Asian dust in the literature. The difference is probably linked to the fact that observations in the DAO campaign were collected close to the dust source; therefore, there is a large fraction of coarse-mode and giant particles (radius >20 µm) in the Taklamakan dust. Apart from dust, fine particles coming from local anthropogenic emissions and long-range transported aerosols are also non-negligible aerosol components. The signatures of pollution emerge when dust concentration decreases. The polluted dust (defined by PLDR532≤0.30 and EAE355-532≥0.20) is featured with reduced PLDRs and enhanced EAE355−532 compared to Taklamakan dust. The mean PLDRs of polluted dust generally distributed in the range of 0.20–0.30. Due to the complexity of the nature of the involved pollutants and their mixing state with dust, the lidar ratios exhibit larger variabilities compared to those of dust. The study provides the first reference of novel characteristics of Taklamakan dust measured by Mie–Raman polarization lidar. The data could contribute to complementing the dust model and improving the accuracy of climate modeling.
Organic pollutants from tropical peatland fires: regional influences
and its impact on lower stratospheric ozone
Authors: Rosanka Simon , Franco Bruno , Clarisse Lieven , Coheur Pierre-François , Wahner Andreas , Taraborrelli Domenico
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The particularly strong dry season in Indonesia in 2015, caused by an exceptional strong El Niño, led to severe peatland fires resulting in high volatile organic compound (VOC) biomass burning emissions. At the same time, the developing Asian monsoon anticyclone (ASMA) and the general upward transport in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) efficiently transported the resulting primary and secondary pollutants to the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS). In this study, we assess the importance of these VOC emissions for the composition of the lower troposphere and the UTLS, and we investigate the effect of in-cloud oxygenated VOC (OVOC) oxidation during such a strong pollution event. This is achieved by performing multiple chemistry simulations using the global atmospheric model ECHAM/MESSy (EMAC). By comparing modelled columns of the biomass burning marker hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to spaceborne measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), we find that EMAC properly captures the exceptional strength of the Indonesian fires. In the lower troposphere, the increase in VOC levels is higher in Indonesia compared to other biomass burning regions. This has a direct impact on the oxidation capacity, resulting in the largest regional reduction in hydroxyl radicals (OH) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Even though an increase in ozone (O3) is predicted close to the peatland fires, particular high concentrations of phenols lead to an O3 depletion in eastern Indonesia. By employing the detailed in-cloud OVOC oxidation scheme Jülich Aqueous-phase Mechanism of Organic Chemistry (JAMOC), we find that the predicted changes are dampened and that by ignoring these processes, global models tend to overestimate the impact of such extreme pollution events. In the ASMA and the ITCZ, the upward transport leads to elevated VOC concentrations in the UTLS region, which results in a depletion of lower stratospheric O3. We find that this is caused by a high destruction of O3 by phenoxy radicals and by the increased formation of NOx reservoir species, which dampen the chemical production of O3. The Indonesian peatland fires regularly occur during El Niño years and contribute to the depletion of O3. In the time period from 2001 to 2016, we find that the lower stratospheric O3 is reduced by about 0.38 DU and contributes to about 25 % to the lower stratospheric O3 reduction observed by remote sensing. By not considering these processes, global models might not be able to reproduce this variability in lower stratospheric O3.
Sedapp: a non-linear diffusion-based forward stratigraphic
model for shallow marine environments
Authors: Li Jingzhe , Liu Piyang , Sun Shuyu , Sun Zhifeng , Zhou Yongzhang , Gong Liang , Zhang Jinliang , Du Dongxing
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The formation of stratigraphy in shallow marine environments has long been an important topic within the geologic community. Although many advances have been made in the field of forward stratigraphic modelling (FSM), there are still some shortcomings to the existing models. In this work, the authors present our recent development and application of Sedapp: a new non-linear open-source R code for FSM. This code uses an integrated depth-distance related function as the expression of the transport coefficient to underpin the FSM with more along-shore details. In addition to conventional parameters, a negative-feedback sediment supply rate and a differentiated deposition-erosion ratio were also introduced. All parameters were implemented in a non-linear manner. Sedapp is a 3D (2DH) tool while also capable of 2D (1DH) scenarios. Two simplified case studies were conducted. The results show that Sedapp can not only assist in geologic interpretation, but is also an efficient tool for internal architecture predictions.
VOXEL DATA MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS IN POSTGRESQL/POSTGIS UNDER DIFFERENT DATA LAYOUTS
Authors: Li W. , Zlatanova S. , Gorte B.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Three-dimensional (3D) raster data (also named voxel) is important sources for 3D geo-information applications, which have long been used for modelling continuous phenomena such as geological and medical objects. Our world can be represented in voxels by gridding the 3D space and specifying what each grid represents by attaching every voxel to a real-world object. Nature-triggered disasters can also be modelled in volumetric representation. Unlike point cloud, it is still a lack of wide research on how to efficiently store and manage such semantic 3D raster data. In this work, we would like to investigate four different data layouts for voxel management in open-source (spatial) DBMS - PostgreSQL/PostGIS, which is suitable for efficiently retrieving and quick querying. Besides, a benchmark has been developed to compare various voxel data management solutions concerning functionality and performance. The main test dataset is the groups of buildings of UNSW Kensington Campus, with 10cm resolution. The obtained storage and query results suggest that the presented approach can be successfully used to handle voxel management, semantic and range queries on large voxel dataset.
Tropical drought risk: estimates combining gridded
vulnerability and hazard data
Authors: Nauditt Alexandra , Stahl Kerstin , Rodríguez Erasmo , Birkel Christian , Formiga-Johnsson Rosa Maria , Marko Kallio , Hann Hamish , Ribbe Lars , Baez-Villanueva Oscar M. , Thurner Joschka
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Droughts are causing severe damages to water abundant tropical countries worldwide. Their resilience to water shortages tends to be low, often due to a lack of water infrastructure. Moreover, drought characteristics and risk in tropical catchments are poorly understood, which makes it difficult to select adequate adaptation measures. Thus, reliable methodologies to evaluate spatially distributed drought risk in data scarce tropical catchments are urgently needed. We combined drought hazard and vulnerability related information to assess drought risk in four rural tropical study regions, the Muriaé, subcatchment of the Paraíba do Sul in Southeast Brazil, the Tempisque-Bebedero in North Costa Rica, the upper part of the Magdalena basin, Colombia and the Srepok, a Mekong tributary shared by Cambodia and Vietnam. Drought hazard was defined based on three variables, daily river discharge and precipitation and vegetation condition. Conditions below defined thresholds were transformed into a cumulative drought index. To assess vulnerability, we reclassified and weighted globally and regionally available gridded socioeconomic data to represent the potential of a drought to cause damages in selected socioeconomic sectors of rural tropical regions. Besides illustrating the relative severity of each indicator value, we developed drought risk maps combining hazard and vulnerability severity for each grid cell. While for the Muriaé our results clearly identified the downstream area as being exposed to severe drought risk, the Tempisque showed highest risk along the major streams and related irrigation systems. Risk hotspots in the Upper Magdalena were found in the central valley and the dryer Southeast and in the Srepok in the agricultural areas of Vietnam and downstream in Cambodia. Plausibility of results was confirmed by local scientists and stakeholders, who evaluated the results for each indicator and risk hotspot. The presented risk assessment methodology for data scarce and rural tropical areas offers a holistic, science based and innovative solution to provide relevant drought related information. Being applied to individual catchments, the findings described in this article will enable the selection of data sets, indices and their classification - depending on basin size, spatial resolution and seasonality. At its current stage, the outcomes of this study provide relevant information for regional planners and water managers dealing with the control of future drought disasters in tropical regions.
The prediction of floods in Venice: methods, models and uncertainty
Authors: Umgiesser Georg , Bajo Marco , Ferrarin Christian , Cucco Andrea , Lionello Piero , Zanchettin Davide , Papa Alvise , Tosoni Alessandro , Ferla Maurizio , Coraci Elisa , Morucci Sara , Crosato Franco , Bonometto Andrea , Valentini Andrea , Orlic Mirko , Haigh Ivan D. , Nielsen Jacob Woge , Bertin Xavier , Fortunato André Bustorff , Pérez Gómez Begoña , Alvarez Fanjul Enrique , Paradis Denis , Jourdan Didier , Pasquet Audrey , Mourre Baptiste , Tintoré Joaquín , Nicholls Robert J.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in storm surge forecasting and its particular application in the northern Adriatic Sea. The city of Venice relies crucially on a good flood forecasting system in order to protect the extensive cultural heritage, their population, and their economic activities. Storm surge forecasting systems are in place to warn the population of imminent flood threats. In the future, it will be of paramount importance to increase the reliability of these forecasting systems, especially with the new MOSE mobile barriers that will be completed by 2021, and will depend on accurate storm surge forecasting to control their operation. In this paper, the physics behind the flooding of Venice is discussed, and the state of the art of European storm surge forecasting is reviewed. The challenges that lie ahead for Venice and its forecasting systems are analyzed, especially in view of uncertainty. Some extreme events that happened in the past and were particularly difficult to forecast are also described.
Anisotropic transport and frictional properties of simulated clay-rich fault gouges
Authors: Bakker Elisenda , de Bresser Johannes H. P.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. We aimed to evaluate various factors that control the frictional and transport properties of gouge-filled faults cutting carbonate-bearing shales or claystone formations. The research experimentally determined the effect of shear displacement, dynamic shearing, static holding, and effective normal stress on fault gouge permeability, both parallel and perpendicular to the fault boundaries, as well as on frictional behaviour. The simulated gouge was prepared from crushed Opalinus Claystone (OPA), on which we performed direct shear experiments. The direct-shear experiments (σneff = 5–50 MPa, Pf = 2 MPa, and T ≈ 20 °C) showed ~1 order of magnitude decrease in permeability with shear displacement (up to ~6 mm), for both along- and across-fault fluid flow orientation. Moreover, our data showed an initial, pre-shear permeability anisotropy of up to ~1 order of magnitude, which decreased with increasing shear displacement (maturity) to ~0.5, with the along-fault permeability being consistently higher. Our results have important implications for calcite-rich claystones and shale formations, and in particular any pre-existing faults therein, that seal hydrocarbon reservoirs and potential CO2 storage reservoirs, as the current results point to a higher leakage potential of pre-existing faults compared to the intact caprock.
The influence of training sample size on the accuracy of deep learning models for the prediction of soil properties with near-infrared spectroscopy data
Authors: Ng Wartini , Minasny Budiman , Mendes Wanderson de Sousa , Demattê José Alexandre Melo
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The number of samples used in the calibration data set affects the quality of the generated predictive models using visible, near and shortwave infrared (VIS–NIR–SWIR) spectroscopy for soil attributes. Recently, the convolutional neural network (CNN) has been regarded as a highly accurate model for predicting soil properties on a large database. However, it has not yet been ascertained how large the sample size should be for CNN model to be effective. This paper investigates the effect of the training sample size on the accuracy of deep learning and machine learning models. It aims at providing an estimate of how many calibration samples are needed to improve the model performance of soil properties predictions with CNN as compared to conventional machine learning models. In addition, this paper also looks at a way to interpret the CNN models, which are commonly labelled as a black box. It is hypothesised that the performance of machine learning models will increase with an increasing number of training samples, but it will plateau when it reaches a certain number, while the performance of CNN will keep improving. The performances of two machine learning models (partial least squares regression – PLSR; Cubist) are compared against the CNN model. A VIS–NIR–SWIR spectra library from Brazil, containing 4251 unique sites with averages of two to three samples per depth (a total of 12 044 samples), was divided into calibration (3188 sites) and validation (1063 sites) sets. A subset of the calibration data set was then created to represent a smaller calibration data set ranging from 125, 300, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 2700 unique sites, which is equivalent to a sample size of approximately 350, 840, 1400, 2800, 4200, 5600, 7000 and 7650. All three models (PLSR, Cubist and CNN) were generated for each sample size of the unique sites for the prediction of five different soil properties, i.e. cation exchange capacity, organic carbon, sand, silt and clay content. These calibration subset sampling processes and modelling were repeated 10 times to provide a better representation of the model performances. Learning curves showed that the accuracy increased with an increasing number of training samples. At a lower number of samples (< 1000), PLSR and Cubist performed better than CNN. The performance of CNN outweighed the PLSR and Cubist model at a sample size of 1500 and 1800, respectively. It can be recommended that deep learning is most efficient for spectra modelling for sample sizes above 2000. The accuracy of the PLSR and Cubist model seems to reach a plateau above sample sizes of 4200 and 5000, respectively, while the accuracy of CNN has not plateaued. A sensitivity analysis of the CNN model demonstrated its ability to determine important wavelengths region that affected the predictions of various soil attributes.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel by N, N’-(5,5- dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-diylidene)dianiline in acid media: Gravimetric and electrochemical evaluations
Authors: Ragi K. , Kakkassery Joby Thomas , Raphael Vinod P. , Paulson Binsi M. , Johnson Reeja
Published: November 2020

The corrosion inhibition efficiency of the Schiff base N,N’-(5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-diylidene)dianiline (DmChDa) on mild steel in 1M HCl and 0.5M H2SO4 was evaluated using gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical noise measurement. Experimental results established that DmChDa possess relatively high corrosion inhibition capacity. Langmuir and El-Awady adsorption isotherms were obeyed by the Schiff base in 1M HCl and 0.5M H2SO4 respectively. SEM analysis showed that DmChDa was adsorbed on the steel surface during corrosion inhibition. The variation of metal dissolution with temperature was also examined using gravimetric study.
Incorporating local foods into low-income families' home-cooking practices: The critical role of sustained economic subsidies
Authors: Gaddis Jennifer , Coplen Amy , Clark-Barol Molly , Martin Allea , Barrett Claire , Lubowicki Lauren
Published: November 2020

Alternative food practices, including farmers markets and CSAs, are often inaccessible to low-income families. Subsidized CSAs and fruit and vegetable prescription programs have the potential to decrease food insecurity, increase fresh fruit and vegetable consumption, and generate better health outcomes. However, several challenges can limit the success of such programs, including the logis¬tics of distribution and an inability to cook from scratch due to a lack of kitchen infrastructure, time, or skills. In this paper, we investigate two diet-related health programs conducted with commu¬nity partners in Madison, Wisconsin, and Portland, Oregon. We used photovoice to evaluate and enhance these programs, which supplied low-income participants with free or subsidized weekly shares of local food, addressed transportation bar¬riers associated with access, and offered recipes and cooking education. Drawing on social practice theory, we demonstrate how these programs altered food provisioning practices for low-income individuals and families by building their competence in the kitchen, fostering meaningful social relationships, and cultivating new meanings related to fresh, local food. The short-term gains were positive, and such community-based nutrition pro¬grams warrant continued support as part of a broader strategy to address poverty and food insecurity.
تنمية الأشكال الأرضية والمرتفعات الجبلية بحوض صنعاء
Authors: حمران محمد على أحمد
Published: November 2020

الملخص

تُعد عملية تنمية الأشكال الأرضية والمرتفعات الجبلية في منطقة حوض صنعاء من إحدى أهم الدارسات الجيومورفولوجية التي لها علاقة قوية بتطبيقات استخدامات الأرض أثناء التخطيط للتنمية الشاملة. إن معظم المخاطر والتحديات المتمثلة بالانزلاقات والانهيارات الأرضية المتعددة التي حدثت في هذة المنطقة كانت بسبب التفاعلات والعوامل والعمليات الطبيعية والبشرية التي أثرت في بناء الأشكال والظواهر الأرضية وتغيراتها مع مرور الزمن. إضافة الى ذلك، لقد أدت هذه المخاطر والتحديات إلى ظهور العديد من المشكلات البيئية كاستنزاف الموارد الطبيعية وخلل في التوزان البيئي، وهذا شكّل عائقاً أمام تحقيق التنمية المستدامة في هذه المنطقة. توصَّلت هذه الدراسة إلى أن هذه الانزلاقات والانهيارات الأرضية التي تتركز في جنوب غرب الحوض ترتبط بتفاعل العوامل والعمليات الطبيعية والبشرية أيضا، فقد أثّرت العمليات البشرية بنسبة عالية في تغير أشكال سطح الأرض خلال الفترة 1973-2019، وكانت لها علاقة طردية بتغيّر بعض الأشكال في مرتفعات صرف وجبل مرع ومرتفعات ذهبان. لذلك كان من الضروري إعادة النظر باستخدام التخطيط الحضري الاستراتيجي في اليمن بهدف التوزيع العادل للخدمات في جميع المحافظات، والحدّ من الهجرات المحلية إلى منطقة الدراسة، والاهتمام بفهم علم الجيومورفولوجيا، الخ. يُعد هذا العلم نظاماً متكاملاً لبناء قواعد البيانات من خلال البحوث التطبيقية الجيومورفولوجية التي تسهم في التخطيط وتنمية الأشكال الأرضية والمرتفعات الجبلية وتنميتها سياحيًا. علاوة على ذلك، يُمكّن هذا العلم من الاستفادة من الأشكال الطبيعية وتشجيع المجتمع المحلي على بناء مشاريع خدمية مستدامة مثل السدود والحواجز المائية وملجأْ في أمانة العاصمة. يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة الأشكال الأرضية والمرتفعات الجبلية والتعرف عليها في هذه المنطقة، وعرض أهم العمليات المؤثرة فيها والمشكلات والتحديات والمخاطر الناتجة عنها في منطقة حوض صنعاء. الغاية من ذلك، إيجاد حلول في تحقيق التنمية الشاملة والمحافظة على المظهر العام لأشكال سطح الأرض والتوازن البيئي وتحويلها إلى منطقة مستدامة اقتصاديا.
دراسة الخصائص الفيزيوكيميائية والبكتيريّة لمياه شاطئ البحر برجيش في مدينة المهديّة - تونس
Authors: عليبي سناء , محمدي سميحة , حسن وفاء , منصور الهادي بن
Published: November 2020

الملخص

إنّ الخصائص البكتيرية و الفيزيوكيميائية لمياه البحر لها تأثير مباشر في صحة الإنسان، لذا اهتمّت هذه الّدراسة بالكشف عن مؤشّرات التّلوّث بشاطئ رجيش، بمدينة المهديّة شرق السّاحل التّونسي، والتحرّي بخصوص حساسية البكتيريا المعزولة للمضادات الحيويّة. شمل هذا البحث عينات ّمن مياه البحر والرواسب خلال أربعة أشهر متتالية، وتبيّن أنّ إجمالي المواد الصلبة العالقة والمركبات العضوية المولدة، أعلى من المعايير المقبولة في تونس، كما جرى الكشف عن المكورات المعوية البرازية في جميع المواقع، مما يدل على التلوّث البرازي البشري والحيواني للماء. كانت جميع السلالات المعزولة شديدة المقاومة للريفامبيسين والجنتاميسين والكلورامفينيكول والأمبيسيلين والأزيثروميسين. أمام هذه الوضعيّة، يوصى بالانتباه إلى عمليّة معالجة مياه المصارف، واعتماد تقنية المعالجة الثّلاثيّة قبل تصريفها في البحر، للمحافظة على الصحّة العامّة والحدّ من التلوث المائي وانتشار الأمراض.
La actualidad de la historización
Authors: Romero Cuevas José Manuel
Published: November 2020

The following article intends to show the theoretical and political productivity of the Ellacurian conception of ideology criticism for the current debates of social philosophy. Ellacuría proposes the procedure of concept historization. It intends to make an ideological criticism of the political discourses. It overcomes successfully the problems of the conception of fake consciousness. The article shows the pertinency of this procedure in the current discussion on the normative meaning of economic market after the most recent works of Axel Honneth on social theory. From Ellacuría's proposal it is possible to propose a historization of the concept of market which contrasts its promise with its implementation in the unequal conditions of the Capitalist production regime, It also may demonstrate that such a promise is unrealistic in such conditions, thus, it is ideological. 
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 155, 2020: 67-86
Mi caminar con Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: Sobrino Jon
Published: November 2020

No abstracts available
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 155, 2020: 137-151
Ignacio Ellacuría, en las fronteras, de Óscar Arturo Castro Soto, Luis Mauro Izazaga Carrillo y Helena Varela Guinot
Authors: Izazaga Carrillo Luis Mauro
Published: November 2020

No abstracts available
Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 155, 2020: 153-163
Enhancement of Professional Behaviours and Perceptions of Critical Skill Job Preparedness through the Use of a Group Work Contract in Fourth-Year Nutritional Science Students
Authors: Cartwright Nadia M , Patil Payal , Liddle Danyelle M , Newton Genevieve , Monk Jennifer M
Published: November 2020

Collaborative group assignments in undergraduate education are important for promoting skill development and preparation for the workplace; however, they are subject to the challenges associated with group dynamics. We determined the effectiveness of a Group Work Contract to facilitate professional behaviours and positive experiences amongst fourth year nutritional science students (n=144) while working collaboratively to complete a Group Literature Critique Assignment designed to promote scientific literacy and critical thinking skills. Changes in students’ attitudes and approaches to group work were assessed before and after completion of the contract and the assignment via two online surveys (Pre- and Post-Group Work Surveys). Completion of the Group Work Contract improved group dynamics including i) frequency of communication, ii) distribution of effort between group members, iii) mutual reliability, iv) respectfulness and inclusivity. Students also reported fewer group problems and an improved ability to work collaboratively in problem solving (P<0.05). Importantly, students reported reduced feelings of anxiety related to group learning and perceptions of achieving a better outcome versus working alone and learning more as a result of working in a group (P<0.05). Additionally, students reported an improvement in their job readiness perceptions with respect to the development of their scientific literacy and critical thinking skills as a result of completing the Group Literature Critique Assignment (P<0.05). Collectively, this data demonstrates that structuring the group work process through the implementation of a Group Work Contract can support the development of positive and effective group dynamics resulting in reduced student anxiety about collaborative learning and perception of a better overall outcome.
Teachers’ Perceptions of Educational Administers’ Support for Inclusive Education
Authors: Asiri Abdullah Ali
Published: November 2020

This paper investigates the perceptions of teachers in Saudi Arabia About educational administers’ support of inclusive education. The goal of this study is to provide a baseline of information for the ministry of education to enhance their professional development plan for administers and teachers to adopting inclusive education for the purpose of increasing the number of students with disabilities in general education settings. The results in this study were almost converged between agreement and disagree with slightly more respondents agreeing that administrator support of inclusive education was present. The inferential results indicated a statistically significant difference between respondent degree area and recognition of administrator support of inclusive education. Significant differences occurred for both school and district administrators. Also, another statistical difference was found between respondent teaching grade and their recognition of administers’ support of inclusive education.
Shaping the collective transport system based on the metropolitan rail on the area of Silesia Metropolis
Authors: Karoń Grzegorz , Janecki Ryszard , Żochowska Renata , Sobota Aleksander , Kłos Marcin Jacek , Soczówka Piotr
Published: November 2020

The article presents a case study on the application of systems engineering in the development of a metropolitan railway transport system concept. Selected key elements of the design process of this system are presented, including logic of tasks and activities, system variants, products and results of individual variants, and recommendation of variants to be implemented.
Neural modeling of the truck vehicle operation system
Authors: Owczarek Paulina , Jóźwiak Katarzyna
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the work is to develop a model of a truck maintenance system using artificial intelligence methods. Based on a thorough analysis of the literature, criteria and characteristics have been defined that affect the maintenance system of vehicles. Trucks with a permissible total weight of 3.5 tons were tested, which provide transport services in Poland and constitute a fleet of transport companies from the SME sector. MLP (Multi-Layered Perceptron) neural networks were modeled by using computer software.
Sirtuins and their role as physiological modulators
of metabolism
Authors: Sygitowicz Grażyna , Sitkiewicz Dariusz
Published: November 2020

The sirtuins are a family of highly evolutionary conserved NAD+-dependent deacetylases
(SIRT1, 2, 3, 5). Certain human sirtuins (SIRT4, 6) have, in addition, an ADP-ribosyltransferase
activity. SIRT1 and SIRT2 are located in the nucleus and cytoplasm; SIRT3 exists predominantly
in mitochondria, and SIRT6 is located in the nucleus. The mammalian sirtuins have emerged
as key metabolic sensors that directly link environmental nutrient signals to metabolic homeostasis.
SIRT1 is involved in the regulation of gluconeogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, as
well as inhibiting lipogenesis and inflammation in the liver. In addition, they contribute to
the mobilization of fat in white adipose tissue, sense nutrient availability in the hypothalamus;
regulate insulin secretion in the pancreas; as well as modulating the expression of genes
responsible for the activity of the circadian clock in metabolic tissues. Sirtuins are implicated
in a variety of cellular functions ranging from gene silencing, through the control of the cell
cycle, to energy homeostasis. Caloric restriction, supported by polyphenols, including resveratrol,
which is the SIRT1 activator, plays a special role in maintaining energy homeostasis.
On a whole body level, the wide range of cellular activities of the sirtuins suggests that they
could constitute a therapeutic target to combat obesity and related metabolic diseases. In
addition, this work presents the current state of knowledge in the field of sirtuin activity in
relation to nutritional status and lifespan.
40-year-old Male with a Headache and Altered Mental Status
Authors: Rubenstein Rebecca , Alblaihed Leen , Dezman Zachary , Bontempo Laura
Published: November 2020

A 40-year-old man presents to the emergency department with headache, nausea and paresthesias, with subsequent fever and mental status change. Magnetic resonance imaging showed increased fluid-attenuation inversion recovery signal involving multiple areas of the brain, including the pons. This case takes the reader through the differential diagnosis of rhombencephalitis (inflammation of the hindbrain) with discussion of the unanticipated ultimate diagnosis and its treatment.
The Woes of a Stuffy Nose: A Case Report of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis
Authors: Lopachin Tyler , Landers Grace
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) is a relatively uncommon cause of sinus pain and congestion. Extreme cases may require specialty evaluation and surgical treatment.

Case Report: In this case, an otherwise healthy young man presented to the emergency department with sinus pain and congestion for two weeks and was admitted to surgery for resection of his AFS.

Conclusion: This case demonstrates how a thorough history and physical exam can help catch potentially serious diseases, such as allergic fungal sinusitis, from the frequently benign chief complaint of sinus pain.
Appropriate Evaluation of Psychiatric Patients Highlighted by Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Bartlett Kathryn , Kane Kathleen , Kane Bryan , Weaver Kevin , Barr Gavin
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Determination of medical stability for patients presenting with psychiatric complaints is common for emergency clinicians. A thorough history and physical examination is important.

Case Report: A 53-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) with depression, suicidal ideation, and decline in activities of daily living over six months. While his initial neurologic examination was non-focal, subsequent re-evaluations demonstrated significant changes, and he was ultimately diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Conclusion: This case demonstrates how a detailed history of the present illness could have led to a more accurate and timely medical disposition from the ED.
Giant Bladder Calculus in an Adult- A Persistent Problem in the Developing World: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Vidhyarthy Ajit , Hameed Tariq , Lal Rohit , Kumar Awadh , Sahni Shivanand , Mendoza Nanse
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Giant urinary bladder calculus in an adult is an uncommon entity. The number of patients with giant bladder calculi has decreased over recent years owing to wider availability of healthcare and better diagnostic modalities. Case Report: We present a case of a young adult without any history of recurrent urinary tract infections or bladder outlet obstruction with giant vesical calculus who presented to the emergency department with gross hematuria, abdominal pain, and dysuria. Investigations revealed a large calculus in the urinary bladder, and suprapubic cystolithotomy was performed. A large stone of 6.5×6×5.5 centimeters, weighing 125 grams, was removed. On follow-up, the patient was free of any symptoms and cystoscopy was normal. Conclusion: Urinary outflow obstruction must be ruled out in all patients with giant vesical calculus. Patients without any predisposing condition should be treated as a separate entity and evaluated accordingly. Multiple surgical treatment modalities are available for bladder calculus patients. Treatment is personalised as per size of stone, number of stones, and associated comorbidities.
A Case Report of a Novel Harm Reduction Intervention Used to Detect Opioid Overdose in the Emergency Department
Authors: Schreyer Kraftin , Malik Saloni , Blome Andrea , D’Orazio Joseph
Published: November 2020

Introduction: As over 130 people die daily from opioid overdose in the United States, harm reduction strategies have become increasingly important. Because public restrooms are a common site for opioid overdose, emergency department waiting room restrooms (EDWRR) should be considered especially high-risk areas. 

Case Report: We present the case of a patient found after a presumed opioid overdose in our EDWRR. Staff were alerted to his condition by a reverse motion detector (RMD), and rapidly treated him with naloxone. 

Conclusion: The RMD is a novel intervention that can save lives and should be considered in EDs with a high incidence of opioid overdose.
Immunocompromised Child on Infliximab: A Case Report of Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis
Authors: Halfman Camille , Slate Luke , Yamamoto Julienne , Jones Samantha
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Patients with naturally occurring, impaired cell-mediated immunity secondary to age and pregnancy are known to be at risk of developing severe and invasive Listeria monocytogenes infections. Immunosuppressant medications, particularly infliximab, are also known to increase this risk.

Case Report: We present the case of a seven-year-old female on infliximab who was diagnosed with culture positive L. monocytogenes meningitis after a negative cerebral spinal fluid polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Conclusion: Patients receiving infliximab who display signs of central nervous system infection should be suspected to have L. monocytogenes as an infecting agent, and empiric addition of ampicillin to their antibiotic regimen should be considered, with substitution of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in cases of penicillin allergy, regardless of initial PCR results.
Ureteral Stone Mimics Appendicitis: A Point-of-care Ultrasound Case Report
Authors: Shavor Cindy , Pagenhardt Justine , Sun YuanYuan , Kraft Clara , End Bradley , Minardi Joseph
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Abdominal pain is a common complaint in the emergency department. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a rapid modality to evaluate for the etiology.

Case Report: A teenage male presented with symptoms concerning for appendicitis. POCUS revealed a non-peristalsing, non-compressible, tubular structure containing an echogenic stone. This was determined to be a ureteral stone within a dilated ureter, not appendicitis.

Conclusion: We propose a syndromic sonographic approach to right lower quadrant pain (RLQ) that includes the gallbladder, right kidney, bladder, and right adnexa, in addition to RLQ landmarks. This case emphasizes the value of such an approach to avoid diagnostic error.
Sequelae of Anticoagulant Therapy in a Patient with History of Pulmonary Malignancy: A Case Report
Authors: Gilsdorf Christopher , Davis Hillary
Published: November 2020

Introduction: In patients with known malignancy and possible intracranial metastatic disease who are receiving treatment with therapeutic anticoagulation, limited data exist regarding risk of intracranial bleeding.

Case Report: We present a case of a 64-year-old female with known lung malignancy, evidence of possible metastatic disease, and bilateral deep vein thrombosis, who suffered severe intracranial hemorrhage following initiation of therapeutic anticoagulation. Current guidelines, available risk- stratification tools, and treatment options with their risks are discussed.

Conclusion: In patients with known or suspected intracranial metastatic disease, clinical decision tools can assist both the clinician and the patient in weighing risks and benefits of anticoagulation.
Colocutaneous Fistula after Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) Tube Insertion
Authors: Warner Matthew , Durrani Muhammad
Published: November 2020

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old-female presented to the emergency department with dislodgement of her percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube, necessitating bedside replacement. Replacement was done without difficulty and gastrografin radiography was obtained to confirm positioning. Radiography revealed contrast filling the colon at the splenic flexure and proximal descending colon suggestive of colocutaneous fistula formation.

Discussion: The patient required hospitalization with surgical consultation, initiation of parenteral nutrition, and conservative management of the fistula with surgical replacement of the PEG tube. Although rare, it is paramount for the emergency physician to be aware of this complication when undertaking bedside replacement of PEG tubes.
Apnea and Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Caused by Cocaine and Heroin Use: A Case Report
Authors: Logan Gideon , Robalino Ernesto , MacIntosh Tracy , Ganti Latha
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Drug overdose represents a growing reason for emergency department visits and hospitalizations in the United States. Co-ingestion of multiple substances is also on the rise, and toxidromes can be seen from any of multiple drugs in a single patient.

Case Report: We present a case of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to cocaine abuse in a patient who was apneic and unresponsive after heroin overdose. The patient responded to supportive care and was discharged with complete return to physical and mental baseline.

Conclusion: Clinicians must be vigilant for any number of concomitant toxidromes when a patient is brought in with complications following drug overdose.
Prolonged Duration of Viral Shedding of SARS-CoV-2: A Case Report
Authors: Fong Brandon , London Kory
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The literature on the clinical course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) suggests patients continue shedding viral particles typically for an average of 20 days until the body builds immunity against the infection. However, a few cases have shown prolonged duration in viral shedding and highlight the significant increased mortality in these patients. It has also been suggested that multiple strains of SARS-COV-2 exist, keying the possibility to reinfection.

Case Report: We present a case of a 57-year-old male who presented twice over 37 days with symptoms related to SARS-COV-2, and only on his second visit was found to be in hypoxemic respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. He also reportedly had a period of convalescence in between presentations.

Discussion: This case highlights the still unclear disease course of SARS-COV-2 and the need for diligence in providing strong follow-up instructions and evaluation for sequelae of the infection.
Cerebral Malaria in a Patient with Recent Travel to the Congo Presenting with Delirium: A Case Report
Authors: Roberson Megan , Smith Austin
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Cerebral malaria, a syndrome of altered consciousness, is a rare and severe neurologic complication resulting from Plasmodium falciparum.1 Historically, cerebral malaria has been seen more frequently in children rather than adults. To complicate the diagnosis, cerebral malaria has few specific symptoms and neurologic findings can vary with each case.

Case Report: We describe a case of a 61-year-old male who returned from the Democratic Republic of Congo and presented to the emergency department with dehydration, fatigue, and intermittent confusion. He was ultimately diagnosed with cerebral malaria caused by P. falciparum.

Conclusion: Even with close monitoring and appropriate treatment, cerebral malaria carries a severe risk of long-term neurocognitive deficits and a high mortality rate.
Female with Vaginal Bleeding
Authors: Quilon Mark , Glucksman Alec , Emmanuel Gregory , Greenstein Josh , Hahn Barry
Published: November 2020

Case Presentation: A 24-year-old pregnant female presented to the emergency department with lower abdominal cramping and vaginal bleeding. A point-of-care ultrasound demonstrated a calcified yolk sac.

Discussion: When identified, calcification of the yolk sac in the first trimester is a sign of fetal demise. It is important for an emergency physician to be aware of the various signs and findings on point-of-care ultrasound and be familiar with the management of these pathologies.
Sepsis-induced Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report
Authors: Edwards Zach , DeMeo Stephen
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Sepsis commonly brings patients to the emergency department (ED). Patient outcomes can vary widely. In some cases, rare complications of sepsis such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia can occur.

Case Report: A 68-year-old female presented with sepsis secondary to infected nephrolithiasis. The patient had signs and symptoms consistent with hemolysis upon arrival to the ED. Her hemolysis progressively worsened over a two-day period leading to a diagnosis of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. She responded well to treatment; however, her condition began to worsen due to a new infection caused by perforated colonic diverticula. The patient ultimately expired from complications of her perforated colonic diverticula.

Conclusion: It is crucial that emergency physicians understand the risk factors, symptoms, pathophysiology, and treatment of this rare complication of sepsis so that favorable patient outcomes can be achieved.