bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of hypertextuality, multimedia, interactivity and updating on the websites of Spanish political parties
Authors: García-Rosales Daniel-Francisco , Abuín-Vences Natalia
Published: October 2022

This work presents the results of a research aiming to analyze the presence of the four cardinal points of the cyberspace (hypertextuality, multimedia, interactivity and updating) in the Spanish political parties’ websites. These parameters determine the effectiveness of the communication in a web space, and until what extent political formations use them to connect with their audiences in the digital environment. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the content of the websites of the political groups with parliamentary representation has been carried out. The results confirm the absence of tools and resources related to these characteristics in the web spaces under study. The use of hypertext, beyond its simpler structure, and the use of multimedia elements is scarce. The possibilities of interaction between different users and political parties are minimal. The information published and the level of updating of the contents is insufficient. The conclusions allow us to affirm that there is a lack of exploitation of the possibilities offered by the web to promote communication and interaction with users by different political groups.
Mediatization and epistemological otherness: a hermeneutic approach to the communication field of knowledge
Authors: Quiroga Tiago
Published: October 2022

This article focuses on otherness in the field of communications studies, within the social context of generalized mediatization. We argue that, on one hand, the new organizational dimension of communication, mediatization, based on information hybridism (Sodré, 2014), turns communication into a form of knowledge that is decisive for societal functioning. Yet, on the other hand, insofar as it integrates communication within information regimes –in particular, speed flows– mediatization seems to challenge the constitution of epistemological otherness within this field of knowledge. As a space in which synergy among different social fields is created, mediatization not only amplifies the discursive contiguity of knowledge-production and professional spheres, but also establishes the absence of duration as a common institutional premise. This phenomenon points to the retreat of time as a space of difference. Within the new regime of temporality, based on the virtual acceleration of time, a significant portion of communication theories seem to appear without any type of virtuality. In epistemological terms, one of the most acute consequences of dismantling time, as a space of intelligibility, is the constriction of the principle of autonomy that, at one time, more thoroughly grounded different fields of knowledge, especially within the humanities. Hence, the hermeneutic horizon becomes crucial to the development of social sciences. As a residual condition of discursive autonomy, hermeneutic resources shape an alignment of time and knowledge. In the end, understanding continues to constitute an existential quality
The disappearance of provincial printed press: analysis of the causes and consequences based on the case study of Castile-La Mancha
Authors: Galletero-Campos Belén
Published: October 2022

The current context and changes in the communicational paradigm in the last ten years lead to think we are experiencing a moment of transition that entails the end of mass media, like different studies have concluded. Among them, the most vulnerable product is the printed newspaper, which disappearance generates few doubts. However, immersed in this moment of change, we cannot yet evaluate what means to lose a journalistic model that has prevailed for over two centuries and a half as informational reference. From this perspective, the province of Cuenca, in Castile-La Mancha, one of the two in Spain which today no longer has a printed newspaper, offers us a unique scenario to approach what kind of medium positions as leader in its place. Using a mixed methodology, based on the review of documentary sources and contents analysis, we analyse a case study that aims to collect tendencies regarding proximity media. In this case, the switching from one platform to another has devaluated very relevant journalistic genres, such as the photo news or the editorial, but also some core practices in the journalism, like the editing task on the material that arriving to the editorial offices.
"Mística ojalatera" y realismo en la santidad de la vida ordinaria
Authors: Peña Vial Jorge
Published: October 2022

The article is centered in The Way's point: "Do you really want to be a saint? Carry out the little duty of each moment: do you ouht and concentrate on what you are doing" (n° 815) and specially be in the things you do. Whoever truthfully is in everything and entirely in all the things he or she does will do everything right, with passion and personal style. It is difficult to devote our mind and heart entirely to the things we are dealing with. We want to be "somewhere else", in a "different place", sorrounded by other circumstances. This is the "wishful misticism" (mística ojalatera): an insidious and subtle enemy for these who seek for sanctity in everyday life.
La posición en la existencia y la evasión del ser: las primeras reflexiones filosóficas de Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Urabayen Julia
Published: October 2022

This paper deals with the first works of Emmanuel Levinas. It shows that in these articles the first steps to his later philosophy are found and that the key notions of his thought are already in these short works: existence, being, position, evasion, time, the Other.
Autoritarismo y participación: el pensamiento político de Jaime Guzmán
Authors: Moncada Belén
Published: October 2022

The subject of this paper is to deep in the way that Guzmán planned to make effective social participation in an authoritarian context like Pinochet's Chile (1973-1990). We will see how Guzmán considered civil participation as an essential requirement in order to get a modern democracy which would be opened in Chile after the military dictatorship. He supported this idea through the concepts of subsidiarity State and liberal economy policy.
La doble aproximación de Kant a la cultura
Authors: González Ana Marta
Published: October 2022

This article explores one aspect of Kant's crucial contribution to the philosophy of culture. It does so by analysing two different approaches to the notion of culture, which are explicit in his work. The first, which may be called "genetical", presents culture almost as a result of a natural dialectic. The second, which I call "practical", regards culture as a task for the human being.
Wilhelm Dilthey y las categorías de la vida: La metamorfosis historicista del apriorismo kantiano
Authors: Fernández Labastida Francisco
Published: October 2022

After the collapse of the Hegelian philosophy, many thinkers returned to the main principles of Kantian transcendentalism. In this way, they initiated the neo-kantian movement. Wilhelm Dilthey was among them. Nevertheless, only in spirit his "Critique of the Historical Reason" can be called neo-Kantian. In fact, the core of Dilthey's project, the "Categories of Life", is a completely new gnoseological proposal that mediates between transcendental philosophy and empiricism.
La interpretación de la intencionalidad en la obra temprana de Heidegger
Authors: Di Silvestre Carlos
Published: October 2022

This article examines the Heideggerian interpretation of intentionality as documented in some university lessons related to Being and Time. In his interpretation, Heidegger determines the phenomenological sense of intentionality as the universal structure of the lived experiences and in terms of the mutual correspondence of intentio and intentum. He also understands the concept of intentum as related to "entity in itself", in the strict phenomenological sense that refers to an "entity in its mode of being intended". Besides, he offers indications wich allow us to understand the connection of the phenomenological concept of intentum with the ontological question about the mode of being of entities and with the origin of the ontological difference.
Las "Ideas" de Husserl y "Ser y Tiempo" de Heidegger
Authors: Thurnher Reiner
Published: October 2022

Speaking about the influence Husserl had on his early thinking Heidegger later on always referred to Husserl's 'Logische Untersuchungen' (1900/01), emphasizing the attitude of critical distance he had towards the "Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie" (1913) and Husserl's transcendental phenomenology pointed out there. Nevertheless, as shown in this paper, it is evident that in 'Being an Time' Heidegger took over some essential issues from Husserl's later work (as e.g. the transcendental attitude, the claim of phenomenology to be a "productive logic" and the conception of "regional ontologies"). But it is also clear that he was also essentially changing their character.
Hayden White y la naturaleza narrativa de la historia
Authors: Aurell Jaume
Published: October 2022

Western historiography experienced an important shift in the seventies due to the emergence of the theories associated with the linguistic turn, postmodernism and

postestructuralism. Hayden White was one of the historians who led this transformation in the historical discipline. He argued that a historical text could be compared to a literary artifact on the leven of the form, since both use the same instrument —narrative— to representation the truth —whose content is factual events in history and fiction in literature. This idea revolutionized contemporary approaches to the interpretation of historical texts. This paper analyzes White’s theories and its effects on contemporary historical writing.
"In dulcedine societatis quaerere veritatem": The Thomas Aquinas International Society (SITA)
Authors: Martínez Enrique
Published: October 2022

A discussion of the history and worldwide expansion of the Società Internazionale Tommaso d’Aquino.
La influencia sobre Wittgenstein de la obra de Weininger "Über die letzten Dinge"
Authors: Ariso José María
Published: October 2022

After making reference to the socio-cultural context of fin-desiècle Vienna —in which Otto Weininiger’s work appears— I describe in this paper the main characteristics of the influence that Weininger’s Über die letzten Dinge had on Ludwig Wittgenstein. I deal specifically with the way Wittgenstein’s work reflects Weininger’s remarks on criminality, animality, and madness.
El punto de partida de la filosofía en Risieri Frondizi y el pragmatismo
Authors: Pappas Gregory Fernando
Published: October 2022

The work of Risieri Frondizi (1910-1983) is an important historical and philosophical connection between the Hispanic world and American philosophy. Frondizi shares with the classical American pragmatists, especially with John Dewey, (1) the same criticism of the starting point of modern philosophy, and (2) a defense of ‘experience’ as the proper basis for any philosophical inquiry. Moreover, (3) Frondizi can be read as making significant and original contributions to the history of doctrines such as pragmatism, which take ‘experience’ as their starting point.
El pragmatismo en el pensamiento de Eugenio d'Ors
Authors: Torregrosa Marta
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the connections between Eugenio d’Ors and Pragmatism. Specific attention is devoted to showing the reception of Pragmatism in the philosophy of d’Ors, and to explaining a constant theme in his works: the characterisation of his thought as a post–pragmatic intellectualism.
"Pensar la guerra, Clausewitz": la interpretación aroniana del "Vom Kriege"
Authors: Elía Oscar
Published: October 2022

For the last two centuries “Vom Kriege” has been used to justify two different kinds of totalitarianisms: Marxism-Leninism and Nazism. However, during the 1950s liberal thinking also made use of that work. In line with liberal thinking, Raymond Aron’s “Penser la Guerre, Clausewitz” presents Clausewitz’s work as moderate and liberal and underplays its totalitarian connections.
Maquiavelo y la partitocracia: tumulto social y mantenimiento de la libertad
Authors: Saralegui Miguel
Published: October 2022

The political parties play the most influential role in our political society. An important trend in public opinion regrets this situation. But are really political parties always noxious? If they are, have not they been unavoidable for two centuries of liberal régime? Machiavelli developed for the first time a political theory that upholds that society could receive a great profit from political conflict through the maintenance of liberty. This paper deals with the peculiar meaning of this gain of liberty due to political conflict in Machiavelli's Discorsi and Istorie Fiorentine.
La vida humana entre la perfección y la caída según san Agustín
Authors: Calabrese Claudio
Published: October 2022

In this analysis of St. Augustine’s concept of natural law, the focus

will be on the way he presents, in a continuous development,

the ideas of moral compulsion and personal growth. In Augustine’s

interpretation of the biblical text, the foundations of natural

law are provided, such that morality is not simply the fruit of consensus. Man is seen not only as a product of history, even though he cannot be understood outside of it. The natural order and the supernatural order are this way tied together.
"Bien común" e "interés general" en la retórica de los poderes públicos: ¿conceptos intercambiables?
Authors: Marco Perles Ginés S.
Published: October 2022

En este estudio se presentan las líneas directrices de una investigación que se propone analizar el sentido y el significado que se otorga a los conceptos de “bien común” e “interés general” en la retórica de los poderes públicos de nuestro tiempo. A continuación, trata de dar respuesta al interrogante de si ambos conceptos son perfectamente intercambiables en el debate público o, por el contrario, estamos ante conceptos que proceden de presupuestos antagónicos.
Presentación. Razón práctica en la Ilustración Escocesa
Authors: González Ana Marta , Lázaro Cantero Raquel
Published: October 2022

Investigaciones recientes sobre la Ilustración escocesa han dirigido nuestra atención a la conexión entre filosofía moral y el surgimiento de las ciencias sociales en este periodo. Como testigos privilegiados del proceso de modernización, los filósofos escoceses desarrollaron un enfoque original de los problemas morales, planteando, entre tanto, cuestiones de orden epistemológico que son cruciales para entender el posterior desarrollo de la sociología. En la base de esas cuestiones epistemológicas se encuentra la referencia a la razón práctica que da título de este volumen.
La influencia de Newton en Adam Smith
Authors: Montes Leónidas
Published: October 2022

La literatura especializada reconoce la influencia de Newton en la obra de Adam Smith. Pero la naturaleza de esta influencia no ha sido tratada con la debida atención. En este ensayo argumentaré que la metodología científica de Newton no necesariamente corresponde a lo que comúnmente llamamos newtonianismo. Después de analizar el enfoque metodológico de Newton, se estudiará cómo Smith entiende el newtonianismo. Adam Smith fue un sofisticado intérprete de Newton, pero el contexto de la Ilustración Escocesa juega un rol fundamental en su comprensión del legado newtoniano. Si en general la tradición francesa interpretó a Newton como un precursor de una metodología axiomático-deductiva, la recepción e interpretación de Newton en Escocia durante el siglo XVIII nos ayuda a comprender la real naturaleza del Newtonianismo de Adam Smith.
El «self» narrativo en busca de fundamento en la filosofía contemporánea
Authors: Martínez Lucena Jorge
Published: October 2022

Los diferentes narrativismos que afirman la auto-constitución narrativa del self son acusados en ocasiones de círculo vicioso. Si un self es una historia que alguien podría contar, y ese self es autor de su propio relato, parece que entramos en un bucle irresoluble. Este artículo intenta evaluar diferentes respuestas a esta imputación que se dan dentro de los narrativismos contemporáneos basadas en la búsqueda de un fundamento de ese self narrativo externo al círculo vicioso.
Perspectiva, unidad y alcance de las críticas kantianas a dos interpretaciones de «existe»: "Kritik der reinen Vernunft" A 592-602 / B 602-630 (I)
Authors: Simian V. Rafael
Published: October 2022

Este ensayo interpreta KrV A592-602/B620-630 no sólo como la refutación al argumento ontológico, sino como el lugar donde Kant encara una cuestión más radical: cómo puede el entendimiento humano, considerado desde un punto de vista lógico-general, predicar la existencia. Esta primera parte analiza específicamente la refutación del argumento ontológico. Este análisis concluirá que se requiere de una facultad diferente del entendimiento para conocer lo existente como tal.
La causalidad en la creación según Thierry de Chartres
Authors: Reinhardt Elisabeth
Published: October 2022

Thierry (Theodoricus Brito o Carnotensis) fue canciller de la escuela catedralicia de Chartres de 1142-1150. Comentador de Boecio, su obra refleja sin embargo una síntesis personal de fuentes platónicas, neoplatónicas y aristotélicas. Está convencido del valor propedéutico de las artes liberales para la teología, dando amplia cabida también al quadrivium. Este estudio, centrado en su Tractatus de sex dierum operibus, pone de manifiesto que la causalidad es el eje de su comprensión ontológica de la realidad (rerum universitas):desde el punto de vista filosófico, la causalidad explica la existencia real de lo múltiple a partir del Uno, y en la perspectiva teológica muestra la creación como obra de Dios Uno y Trino. La causalidad implica, para Thierry, la participación y garantiza por tanto la capacidad causal de los seres naturales, con la consiguiente autonomía real en su orden, pero dependiente de la causa suprema, sin la cual nada existiría.
Sobre la subjetividad animal o de la animalidad del sujeto: un recorrido por la reflexión husserliana sobre los animales
Authors: Osswald Andrés Miguel
Published: October 2022

La indagación husserliana sobre los animales constituye un importante aporte para pensar tanto la relación del hombre con la naturaleza como el vínculo entre la actividad y la pasividad de la conciencia. Existen dos direcciones de investigación: por una parte, aquellas que toman al nóema “animal” como tema de una descripción fenomenológica y, por otra, las que encuentran en la animalidad un momento en el desarrollo teleológico de la monadología trascendental.
Razón afectiva y valores: más allá del subjetivismo y el objetivismo
Authors: Fernández Beites Pilar
Published: October 2022

En este artículo se reconstruye la propuesta ética de la “fenomenología clásica” desarrollada por E. Husserl y M. Scheler. En ella la noción de valor queda inscrita dentro del ámbito de la “razón”, pero de una razón ampliada, que es una auténtica “razón afectiva”, en la que se enlazan sentimientos (subjetivos) y valores (objetivos). Para ello se adopta la perspectiva husserliana de una fenomenología subjetivo-trascendental, que se aleja del objetivismo, evitando así una posible lectura objetivista de la teoría de Scheler.
La dimensión emocional de la amistad: notas sobre la consideración aristotélica de la «philia» en "Retórica II" 4
Authors: Rapp Christof
Published: October 2022

Este artículo se ocupa de dar una respuesta a la pregunta de si, y hasta qué punto, la philia (amistad), tal como es tratada por Aristóteles en Retórica II 4, puede considerarse una genuina emoción tal como son, por ejemplo, el miedo y la ira. El autor identifica y discute, en tal sentido, tres anomalías en la definición y el tratamiento de la philia (y el verbo asociado, philein) en este texto, que podrían inclinar hacia una respuesta negativa a la pregunta inicial. No obstante, cada una de estas anomalías es analizada y explicada en términos de las notas específicas de la philia, para mostrar que, en efecto, la presentación de Retórica II 4 permite considerar de todos modos a la amistad como una genuina emoción.
Técnica, modernidad y metafísica. Heidegger sobre Jünger
Authors: Ramas San Miguel Clara
Published: October 2022

En este artículo presentamos, a partir de ciertos escritos heideggerianos inéditos en castellano, un diálogo o discusión entre Martin Heidegger y Ernst Jünger, diálogo desde el cual podemos plantear la cuestión de la crítica a la Modernidad en el delicado momento de la experiencia de la Primera Guerra Mundial como escenario privilegiado de un mundo dominado por la técnica y el trabajo. Se trataría, para Heidegger, de pensar lo que vio y lo que no vio Jünger: el fundamento metafísico de una época que se expande en el modo calculador de la dominación técnica y que se manifi esta, especialmente, en sus fenómenos políticos, bélicos y técnicos. El diálogo entre ambos autores nos permite diagnosticar el nihilismo en el final de la Modernidad occidental.
La vida exige ser narrada
Authors: Peña Vial Jorge
Published: October 2022

La línea directriz de este trabajo la inspiran las obras de Paul Ricoeur en torno a la narración y, específicamente, su ensayo “La vida: un relato en busca de narrador”. Pretendo en este ensayo continuar lo que Ricoeur dejó inconcluso y para ello analizar: 1) la estructura teleológica de toda narración, la importancia decisiva del fin, tanto en toda narración como en el fin de la propia vida que se da en el momento de la muerte. 2) Mostrar cómo la organización y configuración de la trama se organiza en torno a lo que llamo actos de libertad radical, actos decisivos y relevantes de la propia vida, cargados de pasado y futuro, que son los que imprimen a la temporalidad orientación y sentido. El hombre necesita contar su vida para poder vivirla comprendiéndola.
"Theologia magistra philosophiae". Un ejemplo: la lectura teológica de la naturaleza y el naturalismo filosófico en el siglo XII
Authors: Lázaro Manuel
Published: October 2022

El presente artículo presenta la hipótesis de una relación dialogada y fecunda entre la filosofía y la teología, ante la situación de cierto descrédito de la tradición del pensamiento cristiano operado por cierto pensamiento postmoderno antihumanista. Se trata de mostrar como la teología ha actuado como ‘magistra’ de la fi losofía en el sentido socrático: ayudando de forma mayéutica al alma del filósofo. Esta realidad histórico-doctrinal se puede rastrear en no pocos tópicos de la filosofía a través de su historia, que tienen como interlocutor las realidades nacidas de la Revelación como la teología de la creación, la teología sacramental o el dogma de la Encarnación. En concreto se presenta como ejemplo la aportación que la teología ha hecho a la fi losofía a partir de la reflexión sobre la “naturaleza” en el siglo XII.
Estética e ironía. La recepción de la filosofía de Fichte por Friedrich Schlegel en el período de Jena
Authors: Serrano Vicente
Published: October 2022

El artículo analiza la recepción de la filosofía de Fichte por Friedrich Schlegel en el periodo de Jena. En particular se centra en el papel de la ironía en la interpretación del primer principio fichteano y su implicación con la concepción estética del programa romántico que F. Schlegel elabora en esos años. Frente a la concepción simplificadora de Hegel, se defiende que la ironía constituye, de acuerdo con F. Schlegel, el puente capaz de responder a las relaciones entre infinito y finito, así como el elemento integrador entre poesía y filosofía.
Karol Wojtyla and René Descartes. A comparison of the anthropological positions
Authors: Holub Grzegorz
Published: October 2022

This article takes up the problem of whether Karol Wojtyla can be called a dualist, as René Descartes is widely held to be. Detailed analyses of Wojtyla’s works lead us to the conclusion that he cannot be classifi ed in this way, although he is aware of a duality that marks human existence. Wojtyla presents us with an integrated and coherent understanding of the human person drawing upon the metaphysical concept of suppositum and a wide exploration of basic human experience as grasped by a phenomenological method.
Pequeña museografía sobre ilustraciones a la obra de Quevedo
Authors: Marigno Emmanuel
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo pretende modestamente brindarle al lector enamorado de esa contemplación y quietud que albergan los museos, una pequeña museografía sobre ilustraciones (1966-1982) a la obra de Quevedo.

Se ordenan dichas obras, principalmente estampas, según un criterio básicamente plástico: aguafuerte, litografía y xilografías. Un paseo, que se espera ameno, por el mundo del arte quevedesco.
Ecos gongorinos en la poesía astrológica de Quevedo: una respuesta tardía
Authors: Poggi Giulia
Published: October 2022

A partir de las pesquisas de Alessandro Martinengo acerca de la cultura científica en la obra de Quevedo, el artículo se propone rastrear las varias ocurrencias astrológicas de derivación gongorina presentes en ella. En particular se analizan tres sonetos amorosos y uno de argumento religioso de Quevedo, con el fin de subrayar su elaboración en clave conceptista de las célebres imágenes cronográficas del poeta de Córdoba.
La «Epístola satírica y censoria» de Quevedo. Una propuesta de traducción al italiano
Authors: Taravacci Pietro
Published: October 2022

El presente trabajo propone la primera traducción completa de la Epístola satírica y censoria de Francisco de Quevedo, con la intención de contribuir al estudio del género de la epístola moral, de impronta horaciana, que en el Siglo de Oro español tuvo una difusión relevante (desde Boscán y Garcilaso en adelante), al cual, sin embargo, la crítica sólo ha prestado especial atención en las últimas décadas. Tras una brevísima introducción, que pretende contextualizar la traducción dentro de un proyecto editorial más amplio iniciado por el traductor, al texto original y a la traducción le sigue un aparato de notas que tiene como objetivo el de ofrecer al lector la clave de interpretación del texto quevediano llevada a cabo mediante la traducción.
Felipe II y la geografía del «bivium»: los «Triunfos morales» de Francisco de Guzmán
Authors: Vuelta-García Salomé
Published: October 2022

El ensayo aborda el motivo clásico del bivium en relación con la figura de Felipe II y la literatura de su tiempo, ciñéndose al poema alegórico Triunfos morales de Francisco de Guzmán, publicado por primera vez en 1557 en Amberes y dedicado al rey. Se examina en particular la plasmación lírica del bivium en la obra de Guzmán a la luz de la tradición literaria e iconográfica, poniéndola en relación con la que delinearon algunos de los muchos escritores que trataron dicho motivo clásico durante el reinado de Felipe II.
Investigation on thin-layer drying kinetics of sprouted wheat in a tray dryer
Authors: M.R., Manikantan , D. Mridula  , Monika Sharma  , Anita Kochhar  , V.Arun Prasath  , Abhipriya Patra  , Pandiselvam R.
Published: October 2022

The thin-layer drying behavior of sprouted wheat (cv. PBW 550) was experimented at different drying periods, such as 24 h, 36 h and 48 h. The samples were dried in a tray dryer at 50–80οC at an interval of 10°C. The moisture ratio was fitted to the six thin-layer drying models, and the performance of the models was assessed by statistical parameters. The Wang and Singh model has accurately predicted the drying behavior of sprouted wheat for all sprouting periods and drying temperatures. In addition, the effective moisture diffusivity of grain sprouts at three drying periods (24 h, 36 h and 48 h) of sprouted wheat was increased from 1.79 × 10-9 to 2.58 × 10-9 m2 s-1, 1.921 × 10-9 to 2.781 × 10-9 m2 s-1 and 1.858 × 10-9 to 2.561 × 10-9 m2 s-1 with increase in drying temperature from 50oC to 80oC. Moreover, at the above-stated drying periods, the activation energy for sprouted wheat was 11.357 kJ mol-1, 11.428 kJ mol-1 and 9.427 kJ mol-1, respectively. Therefore, thin-layer drying of sprouted wheat was successfully simulated between 50°C and 80°C for various drying periods. This study provided imperative information to understand the drying behavior and relationship between various drying parameters of sprouted grains that could produce nutritive functional flour.
“Proto-Uralic” *waśke ‘metal, (? copper); decoration’ and Its “Derivatives” in the Permian and Ugrian Languages
Authors:   Perm State University, Napolskikh Vladimir V.
Published: October 2022

The traditional etymology of the PU *waśke ‘metal, (? copper)’ is of great importance for the reconstruction of Proto-Uralic culture and the time of the disintegration of Proto-Uralic. Continuing some older works and considering the results of the latest research, this etymology is considered as fictitious, breaking up into at least three etymological nests: Finnic-Mordv. *vaśa-kive ‘axe-stone’ (etymology of T.-R. Viitso, where *vaśa- denotes ‘axe, adze’, a borrowing from Aryan + PU *kive ‘stone’), Proto-Perm. *veś ‘non-ferrous metal; metal decoration’, Proto-Sam. *wesä ‘metal, metal decoration’. The last two words can be independent borrowings from a language close to Tocharian (*wəsa ‘gold’ < PIE). It is impossible to restore a Proto-Ugric word for metal associated with these etymologies, since Hung. vas ‘iron’ (s [љ] < *č), Khanty *waχ ‘metal; iron’ and Mansi *wes in *ǟϑ-wes ‘lead’ cannot be phonetically related to each other in any way. Mari βaћ ‘ore’ also cannot be considered a normal reflex of *waśke but is rather a semantic development of Mar. βaћ ‘root’ (< PFU). The names of silver in the Permian (Perm *özüś > Udm. azveś, Komi eziś) and Hungarian (ezьst) languages have a special history, they are in no way related to other Finno-Ugric names of metals and are loans from Alanian *жzvestж (> Osset. жvzīst ‘silver’), which can be dated to the second half of the I millennium BC — the first half of the I millennium AD. The names of tin / lead in the Permian and Mansi languages (Perm *os-veś ~ Mansi *ǟϑ-wes) are also etymologically unrelated to either the fictitious PU *waśke or the Permian-Hungarian name of silver, but represent a common innovation, where the second component is Proto-Perm *veś ‘non-ferrous metal; metal decoration’, and the first component is a color designation (? ‘grey metal’ cf. Hung. ősz ‘gray-haired’). The composite emerged in the second half of the I millennium BC — I millennium AD, in the region from the middle and lower Kama region in the west to the southern Trans-Uralian taiga forests in the east. Probably, this innovation relates to the development of the Perm and West Siberian “animal style” phenomenon. The article also discusses some features of conducting discussions in modern Finno-Ugric studies.
Social Status of Roman Senators According to the Theodosian Code: Legislation and Reality
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Zaitseva Еvgeniya S.
Published: October 2022

In 438, at the initiative of Emperor Theodosius II, one of the most significant legislative collections of the late Roman Empire, the Codex Theodosianus (Eng. Theodosian Code), was published, which is a valuable source on the social history of the Roman state in Late Antiquity. Based on the data of the Codex Theodosianus and Novellae of Emperors, the author of the article reconstructs the most important components of the social status of Roman senators of the fourth century BC. It is revealed that in the view of the emperor and the compilers of the Theodosian Code, the senatorial aristocracy was thought of as the highest class of the Roman Empire. Several factors influenced the status of Roman senators. Following a “suitable” way of life and proper performance of political functions determined the position of the senator in society and formed his reputation not only in the eyes of the emperor, but also in the eyes of his community, as well as other classes. The way a person got into the ranks of the senatorial aristocracy also affected the status. So, it was not so much the origin that was important, but the observance of legality in obtaining titles, and, in the case of decurions, the legitimacy of the transition from one estate to another. Finally, the possession of the patrimony and ensuring its proper functioning guaranteed the full and timely payment of taxes by the senators, and in the eyes of the ruler was important for maintaining the high status of the senatorial aristocracy. Unlike legislation, reality was more complex. Thus, the social status was influenced by a much larger number of components (for example, the acceptance or rejection of a Roman aristocrat by the city plebs), moreover, the proper fulfillment by the senator of all the requirements put forward by the imperial power did not always lead him to success in political activity.
Análise temporal da letalidade materna hospitalar no pós-parto segundo risco gestacional e via de parto, nas regiões do Brasil, 2010-2019
Authors: Michels Bruna Depieri , Marin Daniela Ferreira D'Agostini , Iser Betine Pinto Moehlecke
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: analisar a letalidade materna hospitalar pós-parto segundo risco gestacional e via de parto, no Sistema Único de Saúde, Brasil e regiões nacionais, 2010-2019. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal, com dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares; a taxa de letalidade materna hospitalar pós-parto considerou internações maternas com desfecho ‘óbito’ sobre o total de internações/ano, segundo risco gestacional e via de parto, nas regiões. Resultados: foram 19.158.167 internações para parto e 5.110 óbitos no período analisado; a letalidade materna subiu de 1,1 (2010) para 1,9 óbitos/10 mil internações (2019), em gestações de risco habitual após partos vaginais, e reduziu-se de 10,5 (2010) para 7,0 óbitos/10 mil internações (2019) em gestações de alto risco após cesarianas; Centro-Oeste expressou a maior e Sul a menor taxa de letalidade para gestações de alto risco. Conclusão: a letalidade hospitalar foi maior em gestações de alto risco, com diferenças segundo via de parto e regiões.
Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 (STIM1) is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhang Zichao , Wang Zhihui , Liu Yumeng , Zhao Li , Fu Weihua
Published: October 2022

Increasing evidence has shown that stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a key subunit of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), is closely associated with tumor growth, development, and metastasis. However, there is no report of a comprehensive assessment of STIM1 in pan-cancer. This study aimed to perform a general analysis of STIM1 in human tumors, including its molecular characteristics, functional mechanisms, clinical significance, and immune infiltrates correlation based on pan-cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene expression analysis was investigated using TCGA RNA-seq data, the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). Phosphorylation analysis was undertaken using the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CP-TAC) and the PhosphoNET database. Genetic alterations of STIM1 were analyzed using cBioPortal. Prognostic analysis was via the R package "survival" function and the Kaplan-Meier plotter. Functional enrichment analysis was via by the R package "cluster Profiler" function. The association between STIM1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune markers was by the R package "GSVA" function and TIMER. STIM1 was differentially expressed and associated with distinct clinical stages in multiple tumors. The phosphorylation of STIM1 at S673 is highly expressed in clear cell renal carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma tumors compared to normal tissues. STIM1 genetic alterations correlate with poor prognosis in several tumors, including ovarian cancer and lung squamous cell carcinomas. High STIM1 expression is associated with good or poor prognosis across diverse tumors. Overall survival (OS) analysis indicated that STIM1 is a favorable prognostic factor for patients with BRCA, KIRC, LIHC, LUAD, OV, SARC, and UCEC, and is a risk prognostic factor for BLCA, KIRP, STAD, and UVM. There is a close correlation between STIM1 expression and immune cell infiltration, immune-regulated genes, chemokines, and immune checkpoints in a variety of tumors. STIM1 functions differently in diverse tumors, playing an oncogenic or antitumor role. Moreover, It may serve as a prognostic biomarker and an immunotherapy target across multiple tumors.
Effects of morphological gene decay and mutation on the micro–macro mechanical behaviours of granular soils
Authors: Xiong Wei , Wang Jianfeng , Wu Mengmeng
Published: October 2022

Particle morphology is multi-scale in nature. To investigate the effects of particle morphology at a specific length scale on the macro–micro mechanical behaviours of granular soils, morphological gene decay and mutation was incorporated into discrete-element method (DEM) simulations through spherical harmonic-based principal component analysis. All DEM samples were subjected to axial compression and constant confining stress. The macro-scale and grain-scale behaviours of the granular assembly were investigated. It was found that particle morphology shows significant effects on macro-scale behaviours including initial stiffness, peak stress ratio, volumetric contraction and dilation, and shear band formation, as well as grain-scale behaviours including coordination number, particle rotation and granular skeleton sustaining the major contact force chains. Among the different length scales, local roundness contributes the most to stress ratio, volumetric strain and particle coordination number, while general form contributes the most to shear strain, particle rotation and fabric structure. Another interesting finding was that the particle morphological effects are well reflected in the granular skeleton sustaining the major contact force chains, which is featured with a strong variation of the degree of particle shape irregularity among different kinds of gene-mutated samples.
Analysis and intrinsic correlations of partially head-restrained piles under lateral loading: virgin sites and new-existing pile sites
Authors: Li Hongjiang , Tamura Shuji
Published: October 2022

Piles are commonly used under partial head-restraint conditions. Currently, quantification of the lateral capacity of partially head-restrained piles is an open problem. This paper reports the results of a comparative study on the partially head-restrained behaviours of single piles in virgin sites and new piles in sites with existing piles. The lateral performance of new piles affected by pile-head restraints was examined and compared with that of single piles in virgin sites, and the characteristics of new and single pile capacities with respect to pile-head restraints were evaluated. An intrinsic H–δδ correlation (the lateral pile capacity and the factor linking partially head-restrained piles to pure free- and fixed-head piles) is discussed, which enables the calculation of capacities of partially head-restrained piles based on those of pure free- and fixed-head piles. In addition, analytical models of the δδ–λ correlation (λ represents the pile-head restraint percentage) are deduced. By combining the δδ–λ and H–δδ correlations, the lateral pile capacities for arbitrary pile-head restraints in virgin sites and sites with existing piles are calculated. The proposed method is comprehensively validated by numerical and literature examples, showing significant advantages in the determination of the lateral pile capacity considering head restraints.
Infantile and Adult Scabies mimicking Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Clinically and Histopathologically
Authors: MANAV Vildan , İLHAN Dilara , ERGÜN Ecem , ERDİL Duygu , LEBLEBİCİ Cem , KOKU AKSU Ayşe Esra
Published: October 2022

Scabies is an infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei burrowing into the epidermis. Histopathologically scabies infestation may reveal Langerhans cell hyperplasia which might cause misdiagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in some cases. We presented an infant and an adult who had a misdiagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) histopathologically and responded well to antiscabietic treatments. Therefore, awareness of this phenomenon might help clinicans to differentiate these two diseases with distinct prognosis and treatments.
Evaluation of Teachers’ Knowledge in Tokat Province Before, Immediately After and 6 Months After Basic Life Support Training
Authors: BAYAZIT Elif , BAŞOL Nurşah , KARAMAN Serhat , HASGÜL Burak
Published: October 2022

Aim: In our study, it was aimed to determine the knowledge levels of teachers about BLS and the factors affecting them, along with detecting the short and long term effects of education with the evaluations made after the training.

Material and Method: This descriptive study’s sample consisted of 134 teachers working in Tokat province. Teachers were educated on BLS using CPR manikins. A total of 3 measurements were made; before, immediately after and 6 months after the training.

Results: It was determined that the teachers had considerable deficiencies in their level of BLS knowledge before the training and a statistically significant increase was observed in their level of BLS knowledge after the training compared to before the education. At the 6th month after the training, the level of BLS knowledge was found to be significantly higher than the pre-training scores .

Conclusion: There is a need for the training of BLS, which will be given to teachers and other saviors among the people, with the intention of raising awareness about BLS and informing society. In order to keep the information up to date, it is necessary to provide BLS training at certain intervals.
Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii Molecular Test Results in Patients Admitted to Ankara City Hospital: Three-Year Retrospective Analysis
Authors: DEMİREL Filiz , KIRCA Fisun
Published: October 2022

Aim: Toxoplasma gondii infects about 25-30% of the world population. Toxoplasmosis is generally asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, but the infection can be life threatening in congenitally infected children and immunocompromised individuals. In this study, it is aimed to analyse the molecular test results of patients suspected with toxoplasmosis, retrospectively. Material and Method: A total of 647 clinical samples investigated for T. gondii DNA with real-time PCR during the three-year period between 2019 and 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. For the qualitative detection of T. gondii, DNA isolation and DNA amplification were performed using commercial DNA extraction kit (Qiagen, Germany) and real time PCR kit (Sacace Biotechnologies, Italy), respectively. The data on the demographic and clinical parameters of the patients were obtained from the laboratory information management system. Results: Out of 647 patients investigated for T. gondii DNA with real-time PCR, 51.8% were female and the mean age of the patients was 37.03 years. Among all patients, five were positive for T. gondii DNA with real-time PCR and the frequency of a positive PCR result was found 0.8% of all samples analysed. The most frequently positive clinical sample was blood (80%). Among five patients with T. gondii DNA positivity, one was diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis, four were HIV-infection. Conclusion: Fast and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmosis especially in immunosuppressed patients is crucial for rapid and specific treatment. Further studies are needed to understand the importance of molecular tests, in addition to the serological tests, in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
Changes in Treatment Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients with Severe Asthma Receiving Biologic Agent Treatment
Authors: ATEŞ Hale , KOCA KALKAN İlkay , AKSU Kurtuluş , TOPEL Musa , YEŞİLKAYA Selma , DEMİR Şenay , NAZİK BAHÇECİOĞLU Sakine
Published: October 2022

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment adherence in patients with severe asthma who were receiving omalizumab and mepolizumab treatment in our clinic.

Material and Method: A total of 53 patients with severe asthma, 45 of whom were using omalizumab and 8 of whom were using mepolizumab, were included in the study. The medical records of the patients were recorded anonymously and retrospectively.

Results: It was seen that the rate of patients using omalizumab in the study population decreased during the pandemic period compared to the 1-year period before the pandemic. It was observed that approximately 51% of the patients using omalizumab missed routine treatment doses. The major factor in skipping treatment doses was the fear of contracting COVID-19 upon admission to the hospital. In the mepolizumab group, the rate of using biologic agents during the pandemic period increased compared to 1 year before the pandemic. Dose skipping was observed among 37.5% of the patients in this group and it was found that the major risk factor for skipping a dose was the fear of contracting COVID-19 upon admission to the hospital.

Conclusion: In this study, it was found that there was a decrease in the duration and rate of use of biologic agent therapies administered in a health institution under the supervision of a healthcare professional among patients with severe asthma during the pandemic.
Influence of polluting potential and history of environmental violations in Corporate Environmental Evidence
Authors: Leonardo dos Santos  Bandeira  , Ernani Ott  , Suliani Rover
Published: October 2022

The aim of this article is to explain the influence of sectors of high polluting potential and with a history of environmental infractions in corporate environmental evidence. To this end, the Financial Statements and Sustainability Reports for the period 2017 to 2019 of the publicly held companies listed in the Brazil Broad-Based Index (IBrA) were examined. From the content analysis of 225 Sustainability Reports published by 78 companies and based on the conceptual structure of Rover et al. (2012), it was possible to identify that most of the environmental information disclosed in the reports refers to information on environmental policy, impacts of products and processes on the environment and environmental financial information. On average, 68.2% of the companies released a Sustainability Report in the period, of which 92% adopted some international methodology in its preparation. The mean level of environmental evidence was 29.03% in 2017; 30.26% in 2018 and 30.41% in 2019 and the basic materials and oil, gas and biofuel sectors showed higher mean levels of environmental evidence. The regression model with panel data with random effects showed that the variables size, sector and history of infractions positively influenced environmental evidence at a significance level of 1% and that the variables indebtedness, profitability, audit and board size did not have significant influence. The two research hypotheses were not refuted, indicating that companies in sectors with high polluting potential (H1) and with a history of environmental violations (H2) have higher levels of environmental disclosure. These findings are consistent with the Legitimacy Theory and the Voluntary Disclosure Theory.