bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dualismo pulsional e a constituição do Eu
Authors: Beckenkamp Luciene Menegaz
Published: July 2023

Muitos têm se debruçado sobre o pensamento freudiano após o ano de 1920 no que se refere à constituição do eu alicerçada na dualidade pulsional, marcadamente sobre manifestações da intrincação das duas pulsões fundamentais ambientada no tempo do masoquismo erógeno primário. Este ensaio propõe tecer enlaces entre as construções metapsicológicas freudianas a respeito dos desdobramentos da segunda tópica (Freud, 1920/1996b, 1923/1996c,1924/2007a, 1925/2007b, 1930/1996d) e as contribuições de André Green (1988, 1990, 2008) sobre esses processos primordiais constituintes do psiquismo, bem como seus impedimentos ou limitações, recorrendo-se também às revisões e construções conceituais de Benno Rosenberg (2003) e René Roussillon (2019). Partindo de Freud e tomando emprestados os modelos teóricos de Green e Rosenberg sobre como se vai configurando o masoquismo erógeno primário através da intrincação pulsional primeira, o artigo revisita o tempo-espaço onde o Ego de Prazer Purificado, paulatinamente, promoverá a complexização da vida psíquica e o asseguramento da vida como um todo. Valendo-se da dimensão temporal de espera/esperança promovida pela erotização da dor, esse eu primitivo vai adquirindo a possibilidade de desviar uma parte da pulsão de morte e dela servir-se para complexizar-se, possibilitando o encontro com o objeto e a correlata construção de si enquanto sujeito psíquico. Situando nesses processos de construção egóica o trabalho do negativo (Green, 2010), exploram-se os movimentos de ligação-desligamento-nova ligação que podem se dar das mais variadas formas, desde negações instauradoras dos lugares-função psíquicos até os processos de negação promotores das patologias mais severas. Assim, fazendo trabalhar as ideias sobre o masoquismo erógeno primário e o narcisismo primário, pensamos expandir o fazer analítico, convocados que somos por diferentes formas de ser e de sofrer que dizem de uma clínica do não erógeno, do não representado e suas manifestações sem palavra, em ato no corpo e no mundo.
Editorial
Authors: Fróes Garcia Ana Cristina Bechara Barros
Published: July 2023

Tempos de incertezas e mudanças! Quantos momentos diferentes, e muitas vezes difíceis, estamos vivendo na família, no trabalho e nos relacionamentos para adaptação à nova rotina?
Análise da Transgeracionalidade da Violência Intrafamiliar em Mulheres Alcoolistas
Authors: Guimarães Ana Beatriz Pedriali , Brasiliano Silvia , Hochgraf Patricia Brunfentrinker
Published: July 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a existência de abuso físico, psicológico e sexual e identificar as vítimas e abusadores intrafamiliares ao longo de três gerações: atual (companheiros e filhos), dos pais e irmãos e dos avós paternos e maternos de mulheres dependentes e não dependentes de álcool a partir de seus relatos. Por meio da comparação do genograma, avaliou-se a presença de violência em 30 famílias de mulheres alcoolistas e 32 famílias controles. Observou-se que as mulheres alcoolistas pertenciam a famílias nas quais existia mais violência psicológica, física e/ou sexual e também se envolveram mais com parceiros psicologicamente violentos. Os resultados sugerem associação entre as famílias de mulheres alcoolistas com os tipos de violência estudados não só na sua geração atual como em gerações anteriores. As alcoolistas participavam dessa violência não só como vítimas, mas também como perpetradoras dela.
Alocação orçamentária e o desempenho: análise dos critérios de distribuição orçamentária das unidades da SESAI/MS
Authors: Pinto Douglas Ferreira , Ribeiro Alex Mussoi
Published: July 2023

A evolução da Administração Pública, promovida pela New Public Management e New Public Governance, trata da modernização dos serviços e os aspectos relacionados aos agentes como influenciadores no processo decisório. Os instrumentos de gestão previstos na CF/88 e demais legislações determinam os elementos à aplicação do orçamento público e a comprovação da utilização dos recursos para sua finalidade. O Sistema Único de Saúde utilizou como fatores de planejamento orçamentário os registros históricos e o custo per capita, após a Lei nº 8.080/90 passou a ser por meio das metas e indicadores de desempenho firmados no planejamento do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. As hipóteses validadas que influenciam a alocação orçamentária: H1 – Gastos históricos; H2 – Desempenho das metas físicas em relação ao exercício anterior; H3 – Aspectos demográficos; H4 – Fatores regionais. A Análise de Variância e Regressão Múltipla em Painel confirmaram diferenças regionais e individuais com seus efeitos ao longo do tempo. As diferenças regionais influenciam na distribuição orçamentária e quanto maior o desempenho das metas físicas no ano anterior, mais afetará o recebimento de recursos de forma negativa no ano seguinte e, quando isso ocorre, o orçamento é utilizado para reforçar as metas físicas que não foram atingidas no ano anterior e/ou reforçar o funcionamento administrativo das unidades etc. A pesquisa limita-se aos dados de 34 unidades gestoras no período de 2012 a 2019. Sugere-se futuras pesquisas por meio de outras técnicas e o detalhamento da ação 20YP com as metas.
Modeling of a Series of Dihydropyrazole Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity by Quantum Chemical Methods
Authors: Koné Mamadou Guy-Richard , Dembélé Georges Stéphane , Ouattara Bafétigué , Niaré Adama , Kouamé N’nan Akau Amandine , Karamanis Panaghiotis , Ziao Nahossé
Published: July 2023

Cancer is any disease characterised by the rapid proliferation of abnormal cells in normal body tissue.

Recent years have been marked by an increase in the number of cases of cancer, particularly that of the prostate. Cancer can affect any part of the body. Despite the efforts made in the fight against cancer in recent years, the objectives set by the WHO and the various supervisory centers in the countries have not been achieved, because the technical strategy for the fight against cancer in no way guarantees a cure without risk of relapse for patients in general, regardless of the continent. Today, we can offer models of molecules for therapeutic purposes using quantum chemical methods such as molecular modeling to predict better activity or by designing new molecules that are more active than existing ones. To this end, our work consists in setting up a mathematical model between the potential of the inhibitory concentration (pIC50) and the descriptors such as the frequency of vibration υ(N-N), the angle of valence α(N-N-C) and the standard entropy of formation (ΔfS0). This model is confirmed by very good indicators displaying the following values (R2= 0.9108; S= 0.1044; F=20.425) for the MLR model and (R2=0.920; S=0.1393; F=92.823) for the MNLR model. Moreover, these models allowed us to conclude that the vibration frequency υ(N-N) is the priority descriptor in the prediction of the antiproliferative activities of dihydropyrazole derivatives.
Addressing Health Care’s Administrative Cost Crisis
Authors: Istvan Brooke , Schulman Kevin A. , Zenios Stefanos
Published: January 2025

This Viewpoint argues that standardizing and streamlining administrative tasks could decrease health care costs and have a direct positive effect on patients and clinicians.
Treatment of a Buschke-Löwenstein Tumor With Radiotherapy and Cemiplimab
Authors: Farach Andrew M. , Paradise Elleana , Kieser Ryan B.
Published: January 2025

This case report describes a woman in her late 60s with progressive enlarged painful groin masses spreading from the labia to the perianal area, bleeding, and weight loss.
Preferred and Actual Location of Death in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer
Authors: Odejide Oreofe O. , Cernik Colin , Uno Hajime , Fisher Lauren , Xu Lanfang , Laurent Cecile A. , Cannizzaro Nancy , Munneke Julie , Cooper Robert M. , Lakin Joshua R. , Schwartz Corey M. , Casperson Mallory , Altschuler Andrea , Wiener Lori , Kushi Lawrence , Chao Chun R. , Mack Jennifer W.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with advanced cancer often die in hospital settings. Data characterizing the degree to which this pattern of care is concordant with patient goals are sparse.

Objective

To evaluate the extent of concordance between the preferred and actual location of death among AYA patients with cancer.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This multicenter retrospective cohort study included AYA patients (aged 12-39 years) with cancer who died between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2019, after receiving care at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Kaiser Permanente Northern California or who died between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2019, after receiving care at Kaiser Permanente Southern California. Data were analyzed from January 12 to July 1, 2024.

Exposure

Death due to cancer.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Medical record documentation of discussions about preferred location of death, actual location of death, and concordance between preferred and actual location of death.

Results

The analytic population included 1929 AYA decedents, of whom 1049 (54.4%) were female; 227 (11.8%), Asian; 157 (8.1%), Black; 514 (26.6%), Hispanic; and 1184 (61.4%), White. Median age at death was 32 (IQR, 25-37) years. A total of 1226 AYA patients (63.6%) had a documented discussion about preferred location of death. Among those with a documented discussion, 594 (48.5%) did not have a documented preference, 402 (32.8%) wanted to die at home, 177 (14.4%) preferred a hospital death, and 48 (3.9%) desired inpatient hospice. Eight hundred and thirty patients (43.0%) died in acute care settings (256 [13.3%] intensive care unit [ICU], 548 [28.4%] hospital [non-ICU], and 26 [1.3%] emergency department), while 643 (33.3%) died at home and 47 (2.4%) in an inpatient hospice. Among the 528 patients with both a documented preferred death location of home, hospital, or inpatient hospice and documented death in one of these locations, the concordance between preferred and actual location of death was 401 (75.9%). One hundred and sixty-four of 172 patients (95.3%) who preferred a hospital death died there; 224 of 317 (70.7%) who preferred a home death died at home, and 13 of 39 (33.3%) who desired to die in inpatient hospice did so.

Conclusions and Relevance

Although many AYA patients with cancer died in their preferred location, over one-quarter of those who desired to die at home did not realize this goal. These findings highlight the need for effective solutions to enable goal-concordant care for this population.
Prevalence of and Inequities in Poor Mental Health Across 3 US Surveys, 2011 to 2022
Authors: Wright Emily , Dore Emily C. , Koenen Karestan C. , Mangurian Christina , Williams David R. , Hamad Rita
Published: January 2025

This survey study uses 3 nationally representative US surveys to evaluate the prevalence of poor mental health overall and by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.
Multicomponent Deimplementation Strategy to Reduce Low-Value Preoperative Testing
Authors: Antunez Alexis G. , Kazemi Ruby J. , Richburg Caroline , Pesavento Cecilia , Vastardis Andrew , Kim Erin , Kappelman Abigail L. , Nanua Devak , Pediyakkal Hiba , Jacobson-Davies Faelan , Smith Shawna N. , Henderson James , Gavrila Valerie , Cuttitta Anthony , Nathan Hari , Dossett Lesly A.
Published: January 2025

Importance

Routine preoperative blood tests and electrocardiograms before low-risk surgery do not prevent adverse events or change management but waste resources and can cause patient harm. Given this, multispecialty organizations recommend against routine testing before low-risk surgery.

Objective

To determine whether a multicomponent deimplementation strategy (the intervention) would reduce low-value preoperative testing before low-risk general surgery operations.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This study had a pre-post quality improvement interventional design using interrupted time series and difference-in-difference analytic approaches. The setting was a single academic, quaternary referral hospital with 2 freestanding ambulatory surgery centers and a central preoperative clinic. Included in the study were adult patients undergoing nonurgent outpatient inguinal hernia repairs, lumpectomy, or laparoscopic cholecystectomy between June 2022 and August 2023. Eligible clinicians included those treating at least 1 patient during both the preintervention and postintervention periods.

Interventions

All clinicians were exposed to the multicomponent deimplementation intervention, and their testing practices were compared before and after the intervention. The strategy components were evidenced-based decisional support, multidisciplinary stakeholder engagement, educational sessions, and consensus building with surgeons and physician assistants staffing a preoperative clinic.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary end point of the trial was the rate of unnecessary preoperative tests across each trial period.

Results

A total of 1143 patients (mean [SD] age, 58.7 [15.5] years; 643 female [56.3%]) underwent 261 operations (23%) in the preintervention period, 510 (45%) in the intervention period, and 372 (33%) in the postintervention period. Unnecessary testing rates decreased over each period (intervention testing rate, −16%; 95% CI, −4% to −27%; P = .01; postintervention testing rate, −27%; 95% CI, −17% to −38%; P = .003) and within each test category. The decrease in overall testing was not observed at other hospitals in the state on adjusted difference-in-difference analysis.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this quality improvement study, a multicomponent deimplementation strategy was associated with a reduction in unnecessary preoperative testing before low-risk general surgery operations. The resulting changes in testing practice patterns were not associated with temporal trends within or outside the study hospital. Results suggest that this intervention was effective, applicable to common general surgery operations, and adaptable for expansion into appropriate clinical settings.
Effect of Ni–Bi Alloying on the Microstructure and Self‐Lubricating Properties of CoCrNi‐Based Coatings Across a Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Zhang Pu , Cao Silong , Ma Wen , Chen Furong , Wang Lingqian
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the use of bismuth (Bi) as a lubricating additive in laser cladding Co‐based composite coatings, addressing the issue of Bi segregation and agglomeration through Ni–Bi alloying. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and tribological properties of composite coatings with varying Ni–Bi contents are systematically evaluated at temperatures between 30 and 800 °C. Analysis reveals that Ni and Bi elemental powders are successfully alloyed to form BiNi and Bi3Ni intermetallic compounds following vacuum sintering. Incorporation of Ni–Bi alloying powder significantly enhances the friction coefficient and wear rates of the composite coating across the temperature range. Adhesive wear and abrasive wear are identified as primary wear mechanisms. Notably, the formation of BiNi, multiple oxides, and Bi16CrO27 compounds on the surface of the 85:15 (at%) Bi:Ni composite coating at 600 °C created a self‐lubricating friction layer, synergistically reducing friction. Consequently, compared to Co‐based alloy coatings without Ni–Bi alloying, the composite coating exhibited a three‐fold reduction in friction coefficient and a two‐order‐of‐magnitude improvement in wear rate, demonstrating exceptional tribological properties.
Hammerhead Shark‐Inspired Microvillus‐Structured Ionic Elastomers for Wet Gas Sensing Based on Solvated Ion Transport
Authors: Li Chunyan , Liu Hongyang , Xu Lingyun , Zhao Fanrong , Zhu Jiujuan , Wu Lijuan , Yu Chengyue , Chen Yupeng , Zhu Zhongpeng , Tang Cen , Jiang Lei
Published: January 2025

Water molecules are ubiquitous disruptors of conventional gas sensing materials, often leading to diminished sensing performance in materials that are reliant on electronic signal transmission. This creates the pressing need for efficient gas sensing materials with anti‐humidity interference properties. Here, a hammerhead shark‐inspired microvillus‐structured ionic elastomer based on ionic signal transmission in nanoconfined space is constructed by incorporating ionic liquids into a polymer matrix. The ionic elastomers with optimized microvillus structure demonstrated a 1.68‐fold higher response than that of the flat ones, short response time (9 s) toward 30 ppm triethylamine (TEA), excellent selectivity and low limit of detection (LOD) (104.56 ppb). Such sensing performance serves as a proof‐of‐concept for effectively combining solvated ion transport in nanoconfined space with microvillus structure design to develop advanced sensing systems. With such sensing materials, an evident response (23.52%), a similar response time (12 s), low LOD (498.05 ppb), and long‐term stability (at least 30 days) are achieved at the relative humidity of 70%. Mechanistic investigations revealed that effective transport of solvated ions is facilitated after sequential water and TEA surroundings while the microvillus structure significantly enhanced gas transport. Furthermore, the utility of such a sensing system is demonstrated in shrimp decay monitoring under wet conditions.
An Eco‐Friendly and Multifunctional Textile Integrating Radiative Heating and Cooling for Large‐Temperature‐Variation Personal Thermal Management
Authors: Zhang Jiankang , Dong Huilin , Yu Yian , Yin Shiqi , Cao Mengyao , Li Cuihuan , Shen Xiaoying , Li Junying , Xu Yanglei , Chen Sheng , Xu Feng
Published: January 2025

Radiative heating or cooling textiles offer a sustainable means for personal thermal management (PTM). However, textiles that can realize efficient PTM under both large indoor and outdoor temperature variations are still lacking. Herein, guided by a heat transfer model, an eco‐ and user‐friendly bilayer textile (i‐textile) integrating radiative heating and cooling is developed. The i‐textile is composed of an MXene layer and a cellulose acetate (CA) layer with asymmetrical spectral characteristics. This textile provides heating when the MXene layer faces outward and cooling by wearing the textile inside out when the CA layer faces outward, thus enabling a decreased skin temperature variation range (7.3 and 6.8 °C lower than those when wearing cotton textiles) under large temperature variations indoors (12.6 °C) and outdoors (19.6 °C), respectively. Moreover, the i‐textile presents excellent wearability (breathability and washing resistance), recyclability, and biodegradability and can save≈30% of the building heating and cooling energy if widely deployed in China.
Tumor‐Resident Intracellular Bacteria Scavenger Activated In Situ Vaccines for Potent Cancer Photoimmunotherapy
Authors: Lv Bai , Zhao Yifan , Li Gang , Jiang Huimei , Zhang Min , Li Zequn , Cao Jie
Published: January 2025

In situ tumor vaccines, which utilize antigens generated during tumor treatment to stimulate a cancer patient's immune system, has become a potential field in cancer immunotherapy. However, due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME), the generation of tumor antigens is always mild and not sufficient. Tumor‐resident intracellular bacteria have been identified as a complete tumor microenvironment component to contribute to creating ITME. Herein, a tumor‐resident intracellular bacteria scavenger is designed to induce enhanced antitumor photoimmunotherapy‐driven in situ vaccines for treating hypoxic tumors. This scavenger is developed by integrating photosensitizer CyI and antibiotics Doxycycline (Doxy) into thermal‐sensitive tumor‐derived exosomes fused liposomes (ECDL). In vitro and in vivo results showed that ECDL could homologous target to cancer cells and restrict the respiration of mitochondrial to reduce tumor hypoxia, thus providing continuous oxygen to eliminate both tumor cells and tumor‐resident intracellular bacteria, which could induce in situ vaccines for ablating the primary tumor and inhibiting the tumor metastasis and recurrence. Moreover, eliminating tumor‐resident intracellular bacteria neutralizes the ITME and triggers the production of bacterial‐related neoantigens, which could further strength the immunotherapy. This study provided versatile and effective in situ vaccines that are promising for local, abscopal, and metastatic tumor treatment.
Efficient and Scalable Direct Regeneration of Spent Layered Cathode Materials via Advanced Oxidation
Authors: Chen Wen , Li Junfeng , Ji Haocheng , Shi Ruyu , Wang Junxiong , Zhu Yanfei , Liu Jiachang , Zhang Ruixuan , Wu Zhiyun , Xiao Xiao , Wei Zhining , Zhou Guangmin
Published: January 2025

Among direct recycling methods for spent lithium‐ion batteries, solid‐state regeneration is the route with minimal bottlenecks for industrial application and is highly compatible with the current industrial cathode materials production processes. However, surface structure degradation and interfacial impurities of spent cathodes significantly hinder Li+ replenishment during restoration. Herein, we propose a unique advanced oxidation strategy that leverages the inherent catalytic activity of spent layered cathode materials to address these challenges. This strategy decomposes H2O2 to generate •OH and •O2− free radicals, facilitating oxidation reactions with the surface of the spent cathode. As a result, this approach effectively elevates the Ni valence state, modifies the surface microstructure, and eliminates fluorine‐containing interface impurities, thereby promoting the solid‐state regeneration process. The regenerated LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 cathodes demonstrate a specific capacity of 206 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C, comparable to commercially available cathodes. Meanwhile, this advanced oxidation strategy proves adaptable and scalable for treating industrial dismantled LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 black mass. A 3.1 Ah pouch cell assembled with the regenerated LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 exhibits impressive capacity retention of 74% after 500 cycles. Additionally, a techno‐economic analysis reveals that this strategy possesses low energy consumption, minimal environmental footprint, and high economic viability, suggesting its suitability for the battery recycling industry.
Bioinspired Electrostatic Capture‐and‐Release System for Precise Microdroplet Manipulation
Authors: Li Ning , Yang Peng , Bai Ziyi , Shen Tao , Liu Zhaoqi , Qin Siyao , Hu Jun , Yu Cunlong , Dong Zhichao , Chen Xiangyu
Published: January 2025

The application of physical fields is crucial for droplet generation and manipulation, underpinning technologies like printing, microfluidic biochips, drug delivery, and flexible sensors. Despite advancements, precise micro/nanoscale droplet generation and accurate microfluidic reactions remain challenging. Inspired by the liquid ejection mechanisms in microscopic organisms, an electrostatic manipulator for the precise capture, emission, and transport of microdroplets is proposed. This approach enables the controlled and periodic emission of nanoscale daughter droplets from microscale parent droplets, achieved through dielectric pinning on surfaces and electrostatic field‐driven forces. Results show precise nanoscale droplet release on inert polymer surfaces, enabling directional, contamination‐free liquid manipulation. Moreover, leveraging surface treatment techniques and robust electrostatic force‐driven transportation, a versatile strategy for droplet generation and manipulation, spanning from microfluidic devices to chemical reaction operations. The novel droplet manipulation phenomena and control strategies can advance the fields of electrostatic‐based microfluidics, materials fabrication, and beyond.
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Perturbs the Brain‐Wide Excitation‐Inhibition Balance: Associations with Microcircuit Organization, Clinical Parameters, and Cognitive Dysfunction
Authors: Xie Ke , Royer Jessica , Rodriguez‐Cruces Raul , Horwood Linda , Ngo Alexander , Arafat Thaera , Auer Hans , Sahlas Ella , Chen Judy , Zhou Yigu , Valk Sofie L. , Hong Seok‐Jun , Frauscher Birgit , Pana Raluca , Bernasconi Andrea , Bernasconi Neda , Concha Luis , Bernhardt Boris C.
Published: January 2025

Excitation‐inhibition (E/I) imbalance is theorized as a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, with ample research focusing on elucidating its cellular manifestations. However, few studies investigate E/I imbalance at the macroscale, whole‐brain level, and its microcircuit‐level mechanisms and clinical significance remain incompletely understood. Here, the Hurst exponent, an index of the E/I ratio, is computed from resting‐state fMRI time series, and microcircuit parameters are simulated using biophysical models. A broad decrease in the Hurst exponent is observed in pharmaco‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), suggesting more excitable network dynamics. Connectome decoders point to temporolimbic and frontocentral cortices as plausible network epicenters of E/I imbalance. Furthermore, computational simulations reveal that enhancing cortical excitability in TLE reflects atypical increases in recurrent connection strength of local neuronal ensembles. Mixed cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses show stronger E/I ratio elevation in patients with longer disease duration, more frequent electroclinical seizures as well as interictal epileptic spikes, and worse cognitive functioning. Hurst exponent‐informed classifiers discriminate patients from healthy controls with high accuracy (72.4% [57.5%–82.5%]). Replicated in an independent dataset, this work provides in vivo evidence of a macroscale shift in E/I balance in TLE patients and points to progressive functional imbalances that relate to cognitive decline.
Nanotherapy for Neural Retinal Regeneration
Authors: Yu Chuyao , Dong Li , Lv Yujia , Shi Xuhan , Zhang Ruiheng , Zhou Wenda , Wu Haotian , Li Heyan , Li Yitong , Li Zhou , Luo Dan , Wei Wen‐Bin
Published: January 2025

Retinal diseases can severely impair vision and even lead to blindness, posing significant threats to both physical and mental health. Physical retinal regenerative therapies are poised to revolutionize the treatment of various disorders associated with blindness. However, these therapies must overcome the challenges posed by the protective inner and outer blood‒retinal barriers. Nanotechnology applications in ophthalmology have shown great potential in addressing the issue of drug delivery to the eye. Moreover, nanotechnology‐based therapeutics can have profound clinical impacts on retinopathy, particularly retinal regeneration, thereby improving patient outcomes. Continuous advancements in nanotechnology are being applied to regenerate lost or damaged eye tissues and to treat vision loss and blindness caused by various retinal degenerative diseases. These approaches can be categorized into three main strategies: i) nanoparticles for delivering drugs, genes, and other essential substances; ii) nanoscaffolds for providing biocompatible support; and iii) nanocomposites for enhancing the functionality of primary or stem cells. The aim of this comprehensive review is to present the current understanding of nanotechnology‐based therapeutics for retinal regeneration, with a focus on the perspective functions of nanomaterials.
Meta‐Device for Field‐of‐View Tunability via Adaptive Optical Spatial Differentiation
Authors: Zhou Yin , Li Lin , Zhang Junhao , Cheng Jialuo , Liu Xiaoyuan , Gao Yunhui , Geng Zihan , Li Lei , Zhou Junxiao , Chen Mu Ku
Published: January 2025

Optical edge detection is a crucial optical analog computing method in fundamental artificial intelligence, machine vision, and image recognition, owing to its advantages of parallel processing, high computing speed, and low energy consumption. Field‐of‐view‐tunable edge detection is particularly significant for detecting a broader range of objects, enhancing both practicality and flexibility. In this work, a novel approach—adaptive optical spatial differentiation is proposed for field‐of‐view‐tunable edge detection. This method improves the ability to acquire spatial information and facilitates edge detection over a wider angular range. The adaptive optical spatial differentiation meta‐device relies on two core components: the spatial differentiation dielectric metasurface and the adaptive liquid prism. The meta‐device is shown to function as a highly efficient (≈85%) isotropic spatial differentiator, operating across the entire visible spectrum (400 to 700 nm) within a wide‐angle object space, expanding up to 4.5 times the original field of view. The proposed scheme presents new opportunities for efficient, flexible, high‐capacity integrated data processing and imaging devices. And simultaneously provides a novel optical analog computing architecture for the next generation of wide field‐of‐view phase contrast microscopy.
The Type III Secretion System (T3SS) of Escherichia Coli Promotes Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhang Yao‐Yuan , Chen Song‐Tao , Chen Gang , Zhou Le , Zhou Guo‐Liang , Yu Xin‐Yuan , Yuan Long , Deng Wei‐Qian , Wang Zhen‐Bo , Li Jing , Tu Yi‐Fu , Zhang Da‐Wei , li Yuan , Sammad Abdul , Zhu Xiao , Yin Kai
Published: January 2025

Large‐scale studies indicate a strong relationship between the gut microbiome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Here, a higher abundance of the type III secretion system (T3SS) virulence factors of Enterobacteriaceae/Escherichia‐Shigella in patients with T2DM‐related‐ASCVD, which correlates with their atherosclerotic stenosis is reported. Overexpression of T3SS via Citrobacter rodentium (CR) infection in Apoe‐/‐ T2DM mice exacerbated atherosclerotic lesion formation and increased gut permeability. Non‐targeted metabolomic and proteomic analysis of mouse serum showed that T3SS caused abnormal glycerophospholipid metabolism in mice. Proteomics, RNA sequencing, and functional analyses showed that T3SS induced ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, partly due to increased expression of ferritin heavy chains (FTH1). This findings first demonstrated that T3SS increases ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, via disrupting the intestinal barrier and upregulation of phosphatidylcholine, thereby exacerbating T2DM‐related ASCVD.
Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystals Showing High Birefringence
Authors: Song Yaohao , Huang Xiang , Zhang Xinxin , Deng Minghui , Aya Satoshi , Huang Mingjun
Published: January 2025

High birefringence nematic liquid crystals are particularly demanded for adaptive optics applications in the infrared spectrum because it enable a thinner cell gap for achieving fast response time and improved diffraction efficiency. The emerging ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals have attracted widespread interest in soft matter due to their unique combination of ferroelectricity and fluidity. However, the birefringence, which is one of the most important optical parameters in electro‐optic devices, is not large enough (<0.25) in most ferroelectric nematic materials. Here, a polar liquid crystal molecule library containing more than 60 molecules with a highly rigid and fluorinated nature is developed. The introduction of triple bonds constructs a long π‐electron conjugated mesogen skeleton, significantly improving the birefringence of polar liquid crystal phases. The birefringence and dispersion properties are systematically studied, demonstrating a strong dependence on chemical structures and the type of polar phases. Furthermore, through multi‐component mixing, polar liquid crystal mixtures with ultra‐wide temperature range and excellent stability at or near room temperature are obtained. They possess much higher birefringence than the existing ferroelectric liquid crystal materials. The unique combination of high birefringence and fluidic ferroelectricity is expected to promote the application of polar liquid crystals in electro‐optic technologies.
Tuning Hydrogen Binding on Ru Sites by Ni Alloying on MoO2 Enables Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution for Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Lee Goeun , Jun Sang Eon , Lim Jiheon , Kim Jaehyun , Lee Hyeryeon , Cheon Woo Seok , Ryoo Geun Woong , Cho Byeong‐Gwan , Lee Sooheyong , Kwon Min Sang , Park In‐Hyeok , Jang Ho Won , Park Sun Hwa , Kwon Ki Chang
Published: January 2025

Ruthenium (Ru)‐based electrocatalysts have shown promise for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) due to their ability to facilitate water dissociation in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, their performance is limited by strong hydrogen binding, which hinders hydrogen desorption and water re‐adsorption. This study reports the development of RuNi nanoalloys supported on MoO2, which optimize the hydrogen binding strength at Ru sites through modulation by adjacent Ni atoms. Theoretical simulations reveal that substituting Ni atoms for adjacent Ru atoms reduces the high hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy on Ru while maintaining a low energy barrier for water dissociation. As a result, the RuNi/MoO₂ catalyst shows excellent HER performance with a low overpotential of 51 mV at a current density of 100 mA cm⁻2, outperforming commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, RuNi/MoO₂ demonstrates high turnover frequency (7.06 s−1), mass activity (13.4 A mg−1), and price activity (1030.77 A dollar−1). In an AEMWE cell, RuNi/MoO₂ as the cathode catalyst achieves a current density of 1 A cm−2 at 60 °C with just 1.7 V using 1 m KOH. This work highlights the potential of RuNi/MoO₂ for ultra‐high mass activity in efficient AEMWE applications.
Association Between Self‐Reported Lactose Intolerance, Additional Environmental Factors, and Bone Mineral Density in Young Adults
Authors: Falbová Darina , Švábová Petra , Beňuš Radoslav , Hozáková Alexandra , Sulis Simona , Vorobeľová Lenka
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study examines the relationship between self‐reported lactose intolerance (LI), environmental factors, and their effects on bone mineral density (BMD) in young adults from Slovakia.

Methods

We assessed 985 adults aged 18–30 years, with an average age of 21.61 ± 2.32 years, who were enrolled in this pilot cross‐sectional study during the period 2019–2023. Individual environmental factors (smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, milk and milk product intake, and calcium intake) and self‐reported LI were assessed using a detailed questionnaire. BMD was analyzed using the QUS device (Sunlight MiniOmni), and total weight was measured with the InBody 770 bioimpedance analyzer.

Results

Linear regression analysis showed the independent influence of age, total weight, and the presence of LI on the speed of sound in meters per second (SOS; m/s) and Z‐score parameters in women (p < 0.05), whereas in men, age and smoking status were significant predictors of SOS (p < 0.05), and age and LI status significantly influenced the Z‐score (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

In the present study of young Slovak adults, the presence of self‐reported LI and smoking had a negative effect on BMD, resulting in lower BMD in the radius.
Synthesis of a Bis‐Boron/Sulfur Doped Ullazine and Direct Comparison with Its Boron/Nitrogen and Boron/Oxygen Analogues
Authors: Jiang Ruijun , Qin Tingting , Wang Yiping , Cui Huicong , Shi Yanping , Zhang Lei , Liu Xuguang
Published: January 2025

Ullazine, a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with a 14 π‐electron nitrogen‐containing core, has garnered significant attention due to its excellent performance in optoelectronics applications. Integration of heteroatoms into the frameworks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a well‐established strategy for modifying molecular characteristics and functionalities. In this study, heteroatom‐doped ullazine congener Bis‐BS‐U containing two boron‐sulfur bonds was synthesized. The structures and properties of Bis‐BS‐U were systematically compared to those of the previously reported bis‐boron/nitrogen doped ullazine (Bis‐BN‐U) and bis‐boron/oxygen doped ullazine (Bis‐BO‐U). Notably, the absorption and fluorescence spectra of Bis‐BS‐U exhibited a pronounced red shift relative to those of Bis‐BN‐U and Bis‐BO‐U. Theoretical calculations suggest that the boron/sulfur six‐member ring in Bis‐BS‐U exhibits very weak antiaromaticity. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity of Bis‐BS‐U showed an initial increase upon addition of Hg2+, followed by gradual decrease over time. This study expands the family of ullazine and provides valuable insights for the future development of heteroatom‐doped ullazines.
Predicting Alzheimer's disease subtypes and understanding their molecular characteristics in living patients with transcriptomic trajectory profiling
Authors: Huang Xiaoqing , Jannu Asha Jacob , Song Ziyan , Jury‐Garfe Nur , Lasagna‐Reeves Cristian A. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Johnson Travis S. , Huang Kun , Zhang Jie
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION

Deciphering the diverse molecular mechanisms in living Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is a big challenge but is pivotal for disease prognosis and precision medicine development.

METHODS

Utilizing an optimal transport approach, we conducted graph‐based mapping of transcriptomic profiles to transfer AD subtype labels from ROSMAP monocyte samples to ADNI and ANMerge peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Subsequently, differential expression followed by comparative pathway and diffusion pseudotime analysis were applied to each cohort to infer the progression trajectories. Survival analysis with real follow‐up time was used to obtain potential biomarkers for AD prognosis.

RESULTS

AD subtype labels were accurately transferred onto the blood samples of ADNI and ANMerge living patients. Pathways and associated genes in neutrophil degranulation‐like immune process, immune acute phase response, and IL‐6 signaling were significantly associated with AD progression.

DISCUSSION

The work enhanced our understanding of AD progression in different subtypes, offering insights into potential biomarkers and personalized interventions for improved patient care.

Highlights

We applied an innovative optimal transport‐based approach to map transcriptomic data from different Alzheimer's disease (AD) cohort studies and transfer known AD subtype labels from ROSMAP monocyte samples to peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples within ADNI and ANMerge cohorts.

Through comprehensive trajectory and comparative analysis, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying different disease progression trajectories in AD.

We validated the accuracy of our AD subtype label transfer and identified prognostic genetic markers associated with disease progression, facilitating personalized treatment strategies.

By identifying and predicting distinctive AD subtypes and their associated pathways, our study contributes to a deeper understanding of AD heterogeneity.
Dendritic Platinum Nanoparticles Shielded by Pt‐S PEGylation as Intracellular Reactors for Bioorthogonal Uncaging Chemistry
Authors: Garcia-Peiro Jose I. , Ortega-Liebana M. Carmen , Adam Catherine , Lorente-Macías Álvaro , Travnickova Jana , Patton E. Elizabeth , Guerrero-López Paula , Garcia-Aznar J. Manuel , Hueso Jose L. , Santamaria Jesus , Unciti-Broceta Asier
Published: January 2025

Beyond their classical role as cytotoxics, Platinum (Pt) coordination complexes recently joined the selected group of transition metals capable of performing bioorthogonal reactions in living environments. To minimize their reactivity towards nucleophiles, which limit their catalytic performance, we investigated the use of Pt(0) with different forms, sizes and surface functionalization. We report herein the development of PEGylated Pt nanodendrites with the capacity to activate prodyes and prodrugs in cell culture and in vivo. Their dendritic morphology together with their surface shielding through Pt‐S‐bonded PEGylation synergistically contributed to create catalytic nanoreactors compatible with the highly‐crowded and reductive environment of the cell cytoplasm, thereby facilitating in situ bioorthogonal drug uncaging in cancer cells in 2D and 3D culture, including in microfluidic systems, and xenografted in zebrafish.
A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (+)‐Febrifugine via Azide and Azide‐Free Pathways
Authors: Uipanit Suwanan , Lamyong Kanyapat , Yakhampom Sujitra , Kongkathip Boonsong , Ngernmeesri Paiboon , Chuanopparat Nutthawat
Published: January 2025

(+)‐Febrifugine, a natural antimalarial compound with a promising therapeutic profile, has become a hot target for synthetic chemists seeking to optimize its biological activity and expand its therapeutic applications. In this research, we present a stereocontrolled synthesis of (+)‐febrifugine using both azide and azide‐free approaches. Starting from the commercially available chiral pool precursor, d‐glucose, the synthesis was completed in 20 steps for both approaches. Key reactions included the Zn‐mediated Bernet‐Vasella reaction, Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons reaction, and cyclization for constructing the chiral substituted piperidine ring. Additionally, α‐bromoketone alkylation of quinazolinone was employed to assemble the (+)‐febrifugine core structure.
Unveiling the Magnetized Nature of X‐Ray Binaries: Cyclotron Line Insights Title
Authors: Tayem Mohammad , Abu‐Saleem Mohammad , Taani Ali
Published: January 2025

Studying the variations of measured cyclotron lines plays a crucial role in gaining insights into the physical processes of accretion in magnetized neutron stars. Our research focuses on the formation and distribution of magnetic fields in various high‐mass x‐ray binaries (HMXBs). Comparing these sources reveals valuable information about their origin and evolutionary history. It is worth noting that the presence of varying cyclotron lines can be attributed to the influence of accretion dynamics, which provides valuable information about the characteristics of the magnetic field. In addition, by visualizing data, we employ the Kernel Density Estimation method, to provide a robust framework for understanding the distribution of magnetic fields. We observed clear patterns of clustering in the energy range of (10–35) keV, which corresponds to magnetic fields of around G. This clustering indicates a shared magnetic field characteristics across these systems, suggesting a possible common origin or similar environmental and accretion condi tions. Finally, our research investigates the behavior of cyclotron lines in HMXBs, illuminating the accretion process and magnetic field properties to better understand their role as indicators of dynamical evolution.
The impact of preoperative venous thromboembolism on patients undergoing TURBT: Perioperative outcomes and healthcare costs from US insurance claims data
Authors: Tresh Anas S. , Del Giudice Francesco , Li Shufeng , Basran Satvir , De Berardinis Ettore , Carino Dalila , Santarelli Valerio , Rocco Bernardo , Shighinolfi Maria Chiara , Mayr Roman , Ferro Matteo , Autorino Riccardo , Bignante Gabriele , Crocetto Felice , Barone Biagio , Pichler Renate , Subiela José Daniel , Velasco Jorge Caño , Moschini Marco , Mari Andrea , Gallioli Andrea , Soria Francesco , Albisinni Simone , Krajewski Wojciech , Łaszkiewicz Jan , Nowak Łukasz , Szydełko Tomasz , Challacombe Benjamin , Nair Rajesh , Chung Benjamin I.
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To assess the impact of a positive history of venous thromboembolism (VTE) on perioperative outcomes, including length of in‐hospital stay, readmission rates, 90‐day postoperative complications, and healthcare costs in bladder cancer (BCa) patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) in the United States.

Patients and Methods

Patients aged ≥18 years with a BCa diagnosis undergoing TURBT were identified in the Merative® Marketscan® Research de‐identified databases between 2007 and 2021. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted by relevant perioperative confounders was used to investigate the association between diagnosis of VTE before TURBT and 90‐day complication rates, new postoperative VTE events, re‐hospitalization, and total hospital expenditures (2021 US dollars). Sensitivity analyses on VTE severity (pulmonary embolism [PE], deep venous thrombosis [DVT] or superficial thrombophlebitis/phlebitis [SVT]), as well as TURBT extent (minor vs. major) were additionally examined.

Results

In total, 139 800 patients were identified, with 5.3% having preoperative VTE, including DVT (n = 3112, 42.20%), PE (n = 2046, 27.74%) and SVT (n = 2217, 30.06%). A history of preoperative VTE predicted higher rates of any complication (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.28, 95% CI 1.14–1.43) and also higher rates of infectious and haemorrhagic complications. Additionally, preoperative VTE increased the risk of novel VTE events following TURBT (aOR 17.30, 95% CI 16.05–18.65), hospital length of stay (aOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.90–2.62), readmissions (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.39–1.56), and hospital associated costs (aOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.12–1.23). DVT and non‐minor TURBT procedures did not increase the risk of any, infectious, or haemorrhagic complications, but other associations were maintained regardless of the severity of VTE (PE, DVT, SVT) or TURBT extent (minor/major).

Conclusions

A history of VTE before undergoing transurethral procedures for BCa is associated with significantly worse perioperative outcomes and higher healthcare costs. These findings may help us to counsel on the risks of the intervention and hopefully improve our ability to mitigate such risks.
Multiple Contrast Tests in the Presence of Partial Heteroskedasticity
Authors: Hasler Mario , Birr Tim , Hothorn Ludwig A.
Published: January 2025

This paper proposes a general approach for handling multiple contrast tests for normally distributed data in the presence of partial heteroskedasticity. In contrast to the usual case of complete heteroskedasticity, the treatments belong to subgroups according to their variances. Treatments within these subgroups are homoskedastic, whereas treatments of different subgroups are heteroskedastic. New candidate as well as already existing approaches are described and compared by ‐simulations. Power simulations show that a gain in power is achieved when the partial heteroskedasticity is taken into account compared to procedures which wrongly assume complete heteroskedasticity. The new approaches will be applied to a phytopathological experiment.
Post‐COVID Hypertension With Hyperreninemic Hyperaldosteronism in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Shi Vivian , Trinka Teresa , Faizan Mohammed
Published: January 2025

COVID‐19 infection may predispose patients to long‐term renovascular complications. Early recognition and management are crucial for optimal outcomes. This case report underscores the importance of thorough follow‐up care for children recovering from COVID‐19, with a focus on monitoring blood pressure and renal function to mitigate long‐term renovascular disease.
Tolane‐Based Phosphino‐ and Arsino‐Ruthenium Complexes in Three Different Oxidation States: Ru(I), Ru(II) and Ru(III)
Authors: Rudin Benjamin , Stein Carolin A. M. , Ballmann Joachim
Published: January 2025

Targeting Ru(III) and Ru(I) η2‐alkyne species, 2,2’‐(iPr2E)2‐substituted diphenylacetylenes (1‐E, E=P, As) were employed for the preparation of [ECCE]‐coordinated ruthenium complexes. The reactions between 1‐E and cis‐(MeCN)2(COD)RuCl2 led to the required Ru(II) starting materials cis‐[ECCE]RuCl2(MeCN) (3‐E). Upon oxidation of 3‐E with PhICl2, the Ru(III) target complexes [ECCE]RuCl3 (7‐E) were detectable for E=P and E=As, but only the arsa‐derivative 7‐As was obtained in a pure form, namely via oxidation of cis‐[AsCCAs]RuCl2(THT) (THT=tetrahydrothiophene). Upon reduction of compounds 3‐E, a hitherto unprecedented Ru(I) η2‐alkyne complex, [PCCP]RuCl (9), was obtained for E=P. The former square planar Ru(I) complex (9) was characterized comprehensively and examined in detail by means of DFT and CASSCF calculation. Upon treatment of 9 with TlPF6, a diamagnetic μ‐Tl‐bridged compound (10) with a nearly linear Ru−Tl−Ru array was formed and isolated in high yields. Careful analysis of the bonding situation suggested that the Ru−Tl−Ru moiety in 10 is best interpreted in terms of a 3c–4e− bond.