bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Donald J. Trumps desaströse Präsidentschaft: Eine anhaltende Zerreißprobe für die US-Demokratie
Authors: Horst Patrick
Published: November 2021

Donald J. Trumps desaströse Präsidentschaft wurde entscheidend von seiner autoritären Persönlichkeit, seiner demagogischen Rhetorik und seinem despotisch-chaotischen Regierungsstil bestimmt. Die politischen Errungenschaften des 45. Präsidenten waren bescheidener als angepriesen, seine Versäumnisse dafür umso grandioser. Die beiden größten Fehlleistungen vollbrachte Trump im letzten Jahr seiner Präsidentschaft, als er zunächst bei der Bekämpfung der Coronavirus-Pandemie eklatant versagte und dann im Angesicht der drohenden Niederlage bei der Präsidentschaftswahl zum Schlag gegen die Demokratie ausholte. Die Weigerung, seine Wahlniederlage zu akzeptieren und die Aufstachelung seiner Anhänger zum Sturm auf das Kapitol setzen die amerikanische Demokratie über die Amtszeit Trumps hinaus einer anhaltenden »Zerreißprobe« aus - mindestens solange, wie Trump weiterhin die Republikanische Partei kontrolliert.
Zwischen Globalismus und Demokratie
Authors: Link Werner
Published: November 2021

Wolfgang Streecks Konzept einer neuen nationalen und internationalen Ordnung (die an die Stelle des gegenwärtigen, von der »Hyperglobalisierung« geprägten Systems treten soll) ist eine theoretische Konstruktion, basierend auf dem Modell »Keynes-Polanyi-Staat«. Mehrere Sachverhalte (die im einzelnen erörtert werden) zeigen jedoch, dass die notwendigen Voraussetzungen für die Realisierung des Konzepts nicht vorhanden und in absehbarer Zeit nicht zu schaffen sind. Vor allem fehlen auf der nationalen und internationalen Ebene die Akteure, die für die Systemtransformation notwendig wären. Die Hoffnung auf die große »Umkehr« dürfte sich nicht erfüllen.
Materie über Geist? COVID, der antipopulistische Reflex und Theoriebildung in den Internationalen Beziehungen
Authors: Lambach Daniel
Published: November 2021

Ist die COVID-Pandemie eine »Rache der Natur«? Dieser verbreitete Topos greift die Pandemie auf, um in einem antipopulistischen Reflex eine vermeintliche Rückkehr des Materiellen zu postulieren, das über die Flüchtigkeit von Sprache und Diskurs obsiege. In diesem Beitrag kritisiere ich diese Sichtweise, insbesondere ihre Tendenz zu unnötigen Dualismen und Determinismen, und diskutiere COVID im Speziellen sowie Materialität im Allgemeinen als Herausforderung für eine sozialkonstruktivistische Theoriebildung in den Internationalen Beziehungen. Hierzu skizziere ich ein relationales Bild der Gesellschaft als soziomaterielles Beziehungsgeflecht, in dem Akteure untereinander sowie mit Dingen verbunden sind. In diesen Beziehungen kommen Ideen, Repräsentationen und Identitäten zum Tragen. Abschließend werden die Implikationen dieses Ansatzes für die Interpretation der Pandemie ausgeführt.
Sozialplanung und Gerechtigkeit
Authors: Kretzschmar Jens
Published: November 2021

Planung als Teil öffentlicher Problemlösungsstrategien ist kein rein rationaler Prozess, sie enthält immer auch politische und normativ geprägte Elemente. Da demokratische Gemeinwesen Transparenz und Nachvollziehbarkeit öffentlicher Vorgänge voraussetzen, um Vertrauen in die öffentliche Hand und in Politik gewährleisten zu können, besteht für Sozialplanung die Notwendigkeit, ihre normative Seite zu reflektieren und ggf. zu explizieren.
Magda Kelber – Pionierin der Gruppenpädagogik
Authors: Berger Manfred
Published: November 2021

Magda Kelber hat die gruppenpädagogische Arbeitsweise (social group work) in Theorie und Praxis maßgebend befördert und dadurch entscheidende Impulse zur Modernisierung und Professionalisierung der Sozialen Arbeit gesetzt. Von 1949-1963 war sie Leiterin von »Haus Schwalbach«, in dem Formen demokratischer Erziehung eingeübt und vermittelt wurden. Ihre vielfältigen Veröffentlichungen zu gruppenpädagogischen Fragestellungen avancierten zu Standardwerken der Sozialen Arbeit.
Audience Gatekeeping in der Wirtschaftskommunikation: der Fall Greensill
Authors: Gürtler Stefan
Published: November 2021

Soziale Medien ermöglichen es ihrem Publikum, Informationen zu liken, zu kommentieren und zu teilen. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer werden so selbst zum Informations-Gatekeeper, der Aufmerksamkeiten im Netzwerk auf bestimmte Themen und Ereignisse lenkt. Solche „Audience Gatekeeping“-Vorgänge wurden bisher in der Politik, kaum aber in der Wirtschaft untersucht. Gelegenheit dazu bietet die Insolvenz des Lieferkettenfinanzierers Greensill Capital im Frühling 2021. Anders als es politische Untersuchungen nahelegen, führte Audience Gatekeeping bei diesem Wirtschaftsereignis nicht zu einer alternativen Themendarstellung, die von der journalistischen Berichterstattung abwich, sondern stärkte die bestehende Informationshierarchie mit wenigen internationalen Leitmedien, die das Thema strukturierten. Gemeinsam mit den politischen Untersuchungen ist jedoch der Befund, dass Suchmaschinen und deren hierarchische Informationsauflistungen das Audience Gatekeeping beeinflussen und dass sich aus der Aufmerksamkeitslenkung qua Verlinkung eine extreme Ungleichverteilung zugunsten einer Handvoll Titel ergibt: Von insgesamt 943 verlinkten Medien erhielten drei Medientitel ein Viertel aller Links, während die Hälfte aller Quellen nur einmal verlinkt wurde. Einer proportionalen Power-Law-Verteilung, wie sie in verschiedenen Studien zur Medienaufmerksamkeit festgestellt wurde, folgt dieses Verteilmuster jedoch nur in abgeschwächter Form.
Die Figuration des Pionierjournalismus in Deutschland: Akteure und Experimentierbereiche
Authors: Hepp Andreas , Loosen Wiebke , Kühn Hendrik , Solbach Paul , Kramp Leif
Published: November 2021

Gegenstand des Beitrags ist ein Mapping der Figuration des deutschen Pionierjournalismus. Als Pionierjournalismus bezeichnen wir solche Formen des Journalismus, die durch experimentelle Praktiken und Imaginationen einer zukünftigen Entwicklung des Journalismus auf eine Neudefinition des Feldes abzielen. Dies schließt Journalismus in etablierten Medienorganisationen und Start-ups ebenso ein wie deren Unterstützung durch Akzeleratoren und das Engagement individueller Pionierjournalist:innen. Nach einer Abgrenzung des Pionierjournalismus als Forschungsfeld und der Erläuterung unseres figurationstheoretischen Zugriffs stellen wir unser typologisierendes Mapping als Methode vor. Im Mittelpunkt unseres Vorgehens stehen folgende Fragen: Wer sind die Pionierakteure in Deutschland? Was sind ihre Experimentierbereiche? Welche Figuration des Pionierjournalismus wird so greifbar? Mit Blick auf die Akteurskonstellation des Pionierjournalismus unterscheiden wir individuelle, korporative und kollektive Akteure, die wiederum verschiedene Formen annehmen können wie z. B. Gründer:innen, Start-ups, oder Netzwerke. Als Experimentierbereiche unterscheiden wir Produkte, Arbeitsweisen, Finanzierungsformen und Publikumsbeziehungen. Dies führen wir in unserem Fazit zusammen zu einer Gesamtbetrachtung der Figuration des Pionierjournalismus.
Camp Culture – Verhandlungen von Sexualitäten, (Peer-)Gewalt und Schutz in transnationalen Workcamps der internationalen Jugendarbeit
Authors: Schmitz Alina Marlene , Fixemer Tom , Brauner Lisa
Published: November 2021

Dieser Beitrag fokussiert das Bildungsformat Workcamp im Feld der internationalen Jugend- arbeit. Zentral ist dabei die Frage, wie Sexualitäten, (Peer-)Gewalt und Schutz unter jungen Menschen in den Workcamps der internationalen Jugendarbeit verhandelt werden. Dabei besteht die These, dass das transnationale Setting des Workcamps gekennzeichnet ist durch eine spezifische Camp Culture, in der eine Diversität von Differenzen sowie Grenzziehungen verhandelt werden, und damit verbunden auch Themen wie Sexualitäten, (Peer-)Gewalt und Schutz. Dabei verortet sich das Format der transnationalen Workcamps zwischen Jugend- alltag und Angebot in internationaler Jugendarbeit, kennzeichnet sich durch die Beteiligung junger Menschen und changiert zwischen Diversität und Heteronormativität. Die Analysen beziehen sich auf die quantitative Onlinebefragung und die qualitative Peer-Forschung im Feld der internationalen Jugendarbeit aus der BMBF geförderten partizipativen Verbundfor- schung „SchutzNorm - Schutzkonzepte in der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit“. Als Ausblick erfol- gen Hinweise auf partizipative Schutzkonzepte.
Energierecht
Authors: Kühling Jürgen , Rasbach Winfried , Busch Claudia
Published: November 2021

Das Energierecht
ist zu einer komplexen und vielschichtigen Materie geworden, mit der sich nicht nur Juristen, sondern auch immer mehr Unternehmer beschäftigen müssen. Insbesondere für all jene, die sich erstmals entweder im Studium, in der Fortbildung oder in der Praxis mit dem Energierecht zu befassen haben, bietet der Band einen facettenreichen Überblick über das Rechtsgebiet. Der Band stellt die Rechtslage kompakt und eng an der Gesetzessystematik orientiert vor.
Die 5. Auflage
basiert auf dem neuen Energierecht nach der EEG-Novelle 2021 und der EnWG-Novelle 2021. Ausführlich geht sie auf praktisch besonders relevante Fragestellungen ein, wie die des Netzzugangs, das Ausschreibungsregime und die Entgeltregulierung. Erstmals werden überblicksartig die Grundzüge der immer ausdifferenzierter werdenden energierechtlichen Planfeststellung skizziert.
Related Party Transactions mit kontrollierenden Aktionären
Authors: Roth Andreas
Published: November 2021

With the adoption of the new Shareholder Rights Directive, the European legislator has, after an intensive debate, enacted harmonized rules for the regulation of Related Party Transactions, which have been incorporated into German law with the implementation of the ARUG II. This thesis takes a critical look at the new regulatory concept by first elaborating the over-positive aspects of the regulation of Related Party Transactions and then evaluating the European rules and their national implementation against the background of a comparative legal analysis of previous institutions under German and British law.
Die Erfindung der ökonomischen Rechtswissenschaft
Authors: Vesco Stephan
Published: November 2021

Das neuzeitliche Privatrechtsdenken ist einem Wandel unterworfen: weg von der Betonung begrifflicher Rationalität, von Freiheit und Gleichheit, hin zur theoretischen Vorherrschaft einer ökonomischen Zweck- und Effizienzlogik. Das Privatrecht wird für sich, was es an sich schon gewesen ist. Anhand der Arbeiten von Rudolf von Jhering, Friedrich August von Hayek und Richard Posner schlüsselt Stephan Vesco diese Dialektik als dreischrittigen Prozess auf. Seine Studie verbindet mit diesem Vorgehen den kritischen Anspruch, eine ökonomisch orientierte Rechtstheorie anders zu denken: nach Maßstäben der Umverteilung und sozialen Gerechtigkeit.
Push-Dose Pressors During Peri-intubation Hypotension in the Emergency Department: A Case Series
Authors: Bakhsh Abdullah , Alotaibi Leena
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Emergency physicians frequently encounter critically ill patients in circulatory shock requiring definitive airway procedures. Performing rapid sequence intubation in these patients without blood pressure correction has lethal complications. Questioning the efficacy and fearing side effects of push-dose pressors (PDP) has created an obstacle for their use in the emergency department (ED) setting. In this case series we describe the efficacy and side effects of PDP use during peri-intubation hypotension in the ED.
Case series: We included 11 patients receiving PDPs in this case series. The mean increase in systolic blood pressure was 41.3%, in diastolic blood pressure 44.3%, and in mean arterial pressure 35.1%. No adverse events were documented in this case series.
Conclusion: The use of push-dose pressors during peri-intubation hypotension may potentially improve hemodynamic status when used carefully in the ED.
Pheochromocytoma Leading to Multiorgan Failure in a Pregnant Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Myatt Toby , Barker Margot
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Pheochromocytoma, a neuroendocrine tumor that secretes catecholamines, can present with episodic sweating, diaphoresis, headaches, and hypertension, as well as cardiac and pulmonary involvement. In a pregnant patient, it must be differentiated from preeclampsia, a leading cause of maternal mortality in the developed world, which can similarly present with hypertension and multiorgan involvement. Both conditions require early diagnosis and treatment to reduce
maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
Case Report: We discuss the case of a pregnant patient at approximately 24 weeks’ gestation presenting with chest pain and shortness of breath who was found to have a left adrenal mass and hypertensive urgency. The patient acutely decompensated during the course of evaluation. She ultimately suffered pregnancy loss and multiorgan failure requiring percutaneous heart pump placement and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy for support before fully recovering. The adrenal mass was confirmed to be a pheochromocytoma after excision and contributed to the development of hypertensive emergency with multiorgan failure.
Conclusion: Pheochromocytoma during pregnancy is a rare condition but must remain on the differential until ruled out to improve patient outcomes as much as possible. Obtaining blood pressure control is imperative to reducing maternal and fetal mortality. Preeclampsia is similarly serious, and early diagnosis is essential for adequate management of the condition until delivery can occur.
Gastric Pneumatosis After Accidental Ingestion of Concentrated Hydrogen Peroxide: A Case Report
Authors: Pham Christine , Graves Casey , Uttaburanont Michelle , Singh Karan , Witkos Maciej
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Hydrogen peroxide is a common oxidizing agent that if ingested may cause injury to the gastrointestinal tract or embolic events. Although therapy is primarily supportive, gastric perforation is a rare but serious complication of corrosive ingestion that may require surgical treatment.
Case Report: We report the case of a 77-year-old male who presented for nausea and vomiting after accidentally ingesting approximately 150 milliliters of 35% hydrogen peroxide. Computed tomography revealed gastric pneumatosis and extensive portal venous air. The patient was admitted for observation with plans for endoscopy; however, due to the limitations of our small community hospital, he was transferred to a tertiary care center due to concern for a potential gastric perforation.
Conclusion: The presence of portal venous air as a result of peroxide ingestion may be treated conservatively depending on presenting symptoms; however, severe injury such as gastrointestinal perforation may necessitate surgical intervention.
Is Relaxed Realism a Genuinely Novel View?
Authors: Karimi Paiman ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: November 2021

In this paper I argue that relaxed realism can answer questions about normative language and thought without collapsing into one of the familiar views in the literature or becoming implausible. More specifically, contrary to Michael Ridge, I argue that relaxed realists can use an inferentialist approach to metasemantics without their view collapsing into naturalism or quasi-realism. The inferentialist account that I propose is that the role of normative expressions involves language-entry transitions construed as rational intuitions and language-exit transitions explained in terms of rational agency. I argue that this account fits with relaxed realism and keeps the view distinct from naturalism, quasi-realism, and other familiar views in the literature.
Fungal diseases of beans and green beans
Authors: Bulajić Aleksandra , Vojvodić Mira , Tanović Brankica
Published: November 2021

The Leguminosae plant family comprises a large number of agricultural species, including important crops of field, vegetable and staple plants. According to the biological characteristics and significance for human consumption, the most prominent crop is bean, traditionally grown in Serbia either as dry bean or as a vegetable - green beans. Production of dry and green beans in our country have the trend of reduction of sowed areas, with small average yields and enormous international trade deficits. Due to these reasons and high domestic demand, there is great potential for dry and green bean production in Serbia. In many parts of the world, plant pathogenic fungi and fungi-like organisms cause high, and in some cases total, annual yield losses. On the other hand, mycoses of bean in our country are greatly understudied, even on basic levels such as presence and distribution of fungal pathogens. In this paper, we summarize the current knowledge on the most important pathogenic fungi infecting beans worldwide, particularly related to losses, symptomatology, survival and dispersal means. Furthermore, appropriate and available disease control measures are discussed as an encouragement and support for domestic production in obtaining high and safe yields.
Economically significant pests of beans in Serbia
Authors: Gvozdenac Sonja
Published: November 2021

Insects represent a limiting factor in the cultivation of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in most of the production regions, and often are the main cause of low productivity. During the vegetation, beans, as well as other legumes, are susceptible to the attack of numerous pests. The most significant are soil-dwelling, such as wireworms (fam. Elateridae), and storage pests like the bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say). In addition to these two groups of insects, during the season, pests of the aboveground part such as aphids, thrips, stink bugs, and in dry years, mites, often occur causing significant losses.
Marketing and change management in the services sector
Authors: Dašić Dejan , Ristić Predrag , Zlatković Miodrag
Published: November 2021

The service sector is a key driver of the modern economy, but the area of marketing is still not sufficiently researched. Services differ from products in many characteristics, so their planning, organization and control deserve great attention. On the other hand, many marketing experts state that product brands are increasingly taking on elements of services, because customers do not view the product only as a product, but a compilation of products and services that goes with the product. The needs of modern customers are changing rapidly, and innovating services that meet the wishes and expectations of customers is a key issue.
Challenges and problems of food producers in the conditions of the COVID 19 virus pandemic
Authors: Lukić Aleksandar , Bulatović Dragan , Misirača Dalibor
Published: November 2021

The current pandemic of the COVID-19 virus will cause great consequences for the overall world economy. The global pandemic requires a global response and it is already clear that economic policy makers will need to implement significant targeted fiscal, monetary and social measures to help the affected population and economy. Within the framework of support measures for the economy, the focus should be on supporting the sectors most affected. The agri-food sector is one of the most endangered sectors of the economy, and for that very reason, the subject of this paper are the challenges and problems of food producers in the conditions of a pandemic.
The importance of organizational culture for humanitarian operations
Authors: Milošević Nikola , Mišić Milan , Matić Nemanja
Published: November 2021

The humanitarian setting poses a number of challenges to organizations, so it is important to respond in an adequate way. Organizational culture is a significant factor in organizational performance and can be a deciding factor between success and failure. Every organization has its own unique culture, whether management is aware of it or not. In order to perform in the most efficient way and to be able to carry the strategy into effect properly, humanitarian organizations need an adequate and strong organizational culture. Then, to strengthen the team's sense of purpose and help it move in a unified direction humanitarian principles and standards are developed. For the development of the organization timely establishment of value systems and patterns of behavior is very important. Organizational culture is important for internal structure as well as for external bonds among participants.
Determining success factors for business tourism destinations: Evidence from Zlatibor (Serbia)
Authors: Pavluković Vanja , Vuković Stojan , Cimbaljević Marija
Published: November 2021

Business tourism is an important and fast-growing sector in the global tourism industry. It is often positioned as a crucial part of an economic development strategy, particularly in emerging destinations, such as Serbia. As there is a growing number of destinations that recognized benefits of business tourism development, tourism professionals and destination management must be aware of key success factors for business tourism destinations, namely factors that influence the choice of host destination for a business event. Serbia has been one of the growing meeting destinations in Europe in the last decade, and Zlatibor is a desirable tourist destination in the country, with a good reputation in hosting meetings primarily in the field of medicine. This study aims to examine the success factors for business tourism destination and the attractiveness of Zlatibor for holding business events from destination stakeholders' perspective. The results could be of interest to all stakeholders in business tourism.
Correlation of implementation of principles and functions of management in hospitality business
Authors: Knezević Natalija , Grubor Biljana , Kalenjuk Bojana , Šmugović Stefan , Banjac Maja , Radivojević Goran
Published: November 2021

Hospitality organizations of today keep up with the trends to remain competitive in a changeable market. For that reason, organizations must continuously work on their development and sustainability, and quality and good management is a precondition for successful business operations. Management is a universal process implemented in different production and service activities of the economy and different organizations regardless of the size and structure. Accordingly, food and beverage managers in hospitality have a task to combine fundamental principles and functions of management to achieve the company goals and bring success to the business. The subject of this paper is a review of principles and functions of management with the aim to make a correlation between individual functions and principles and their codependence in a restaurant business.
Hybrid laser arc welding: State of the art in technology
Authors: Petreski Martin , Runchev Dobre , Vrtanoski Gligorche
Published: November 2021

Hybrid laser arc welding is complex process where two heat sources act simultaneously in a common weld pool. The synergy effect of laser beam and electric arc offers several advantages over other individual technological processes, such as: higher welding speed, increased productivity, deeper penetration, better gap bridging ability, stable process, less heat input to the welding material, etc. However, the combination of two heat sources in a single welding process leads to large number of parameters that need to be synchronized and optimized in order to obtain a perfect weld. This paper presents the current state of hybrid laser arc welding in terms of its development, industrial application and scientific research. The introduction part contains a general overview of the hybrid laser arc welding process, its advantages and operating principles, and chronological development. In the second part, welding parameters that directly influence on the hybrid process have been discussed. The third part presents the performance and weld qualities achieved by hybrid welding process in accordance with previous research. In the final part, examples of industrial application and conclusions for further research and development related to hybrid laser arc welding are given.
¿Es el discurso religioso odioso por razones de género, orientación e identidad sexual un discurso de odio?
Authors: Sanjurjo Rivo Vicente A.
Published: November 2021

En la actualidad se constata una creciente demanda de diversos sectores sociales, políticos y jurídicos que reclama una intensificación de la persecución penal de determinadas expresiones dirigidas contra minorías y grupos vulnerables. En particular, en este trabajo se examinan discursos o escritos que, aun cuando prima facie gozarían de la cobertura de las libertades religiosa y de expresión, podrían incitar al odio por razón de género, orientación e identidad sexual y, en consecuencia, resultar penalmente perseguibles. En el trabajo se sostiene, sin embargo, que la nueva configuración del tipo penal previsto en el artículo 510 CP, la orientación jurisprudencial seguida por el Tribunal Constitucional y por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos podrían ocasionar una contracción de los márgenes de las libertades religiosa y de expresión de dudosa constitucionalidad.
La red de encuentros restaurativos en casos de terrorismo. Eco social de un proyecto internacional
Authors: Varona Martínez Gema
Published: November 2021

Desde el significado de la justicia restaurativa en delitos de terrorismo, se contextualiza la red internacional de «encuentro de encuentrosrestaurativos» para efectuar un análisis temático del círculo de diálogo que tuvo lugar en San Sebastián, en 2019, cuando participantes de diversos países, que realizaron encuentros restaurativos en este ámbito, debatieron sus implicaciones personales, interpersonales y sociales. Finalmente se alude a los programas actuales de justicia restaurativa en el ámbito penitenciario.
La justicia restaurativa desde la práctica penitenciaria
Authors: Rivera González Guadalupe
Published: November 2021

En el momento actual y en el entorno europeo, uno de los principales referentes que marcan la práctica de la justicia restaurativa, es la reciente Recomendación 2018 del Comité de Ministros del Consejo de Europa referente a la Justicia Restaurativa en asuntos penales. En ella, se anima a los Estados Miembros al uso de programas restaurativos y a la inclusión de los mismos dentro de los sistemas de justicia criminal. Igualmente propone una definición por la que entiende la justicia restaurativa como cualquier “proceso que permite a aquellos afectados por el delito y aquellos responsables del daño, si aceptan voluntariamente, a participar activamente en la resolución de los asuntos derivados del delito, a través de la ayuda de un tercero entrenado e imparcial denominado facilitador.

Ya en el año 2015, el Foro Europeo de Justicia Restaurativa, EEFRJ, publicó la guía “Orientación para el desarrollo de la justicia restaurativa. Procesos de apoyo al desistimiento. Practicas prometedoras”, surgida gracias al estudio de los relatos de 90 ex infractores juveniles y adultos que habían participado en mediación o conferencia víctima-delincuente en Austria, Bélgica e Irlanda del Norte. El objetivo de la investigación fue descubrir los factores y dinámicas que contribuyen para que las personas que participan de los programas de justicia restaurativa desistan de volver a delinquir (Hofinger, Lauwaert y Marsh, 2015).

En demasiadas ocasiones, el procedimiento judicial tradicional, desatiende a todas las personas participantes del delito; a la víctima como primera afectada, por supuesto, la cual no se siente escuchada, reparada o ni siquiera atendida dentro de este proceso formal. También a la persona que infringe la ley y a la que únicamente se le aplican consecuencias a su conducta delictiva, como manera de resolver tal hecho. Además, el entorno social en el que el delito ha sido cometido no tiene papel ninguno aquí.

 La posibilidad de diálogo y de encontrar fórmulas alternativas y compartidas de gestión de esta conducta delictiva da espacio para que entren en juego estos otros procesos personales y sociales transformativos, responsabilizadores y reparadores, los cuales son capaces de cambiar la experiencia de participar en la gestión del delito.
Management of complex surgical wounds of the back: identifying an evidence-based approach
Authors: Zolper Elizabeth G. , Saleem Meher A. , Kim Kevin G. , Mishu Mark D. , Sher Sarah R. , Attinger Christopher E. , Fan Kenneth L. , Evans Karen K.
Published: November 2021

Background Postoperative dehiscence and surgical site infection after spinal surgery can carry serious morbidity. Multidisciplinary involvement of plastic surgery is essential to minimizing morbidity and achieving definitive closure. However, a standardized approach is lacking. The aim of this study was to identify effective reconstructive interventions for the basis of an evidence-based management protocol.

Methods A retrospective review was performed at a single tertiary institution for 45 patients who required 53 reconstruction procedures with plastic surgery for wounds secondary to spinal surgery from 2010 to 2019. Statistical analysis was performed for demographics, comorbidities, and treatment methods. Primary outcomes were postoperative complications, including dehiscence, seroma, and infection. The secondary outcome was time to healing.

Results The overall complication rate was 32%, with dehiscence occurring in 17%, seroma in 15% and infection in 11% of cases. Median follow-up was 10 months (interquartile range, 4–23). Use of antibiotic beads did not affect rate of infection occurrence after wound closure (P=0.146). Use of incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) was significant for reduced time to healing (P=0.001). Patients treated without iNPWT healed at median of 67.5 days while the patients who received iNPWT healed in 33 days. Demographics and comorbidities between these two groups were similar.

Conclusions This data provides groundwork for an evidence-based approach to soft tissue reconstruction and management of dehiscence after spinal surgery. Timely involvement of plastic surgery in high-risk patients and utilization of evidence-based interventions such as iNPWT are essential for improving outcomes in this population.
The effects of surgical treatment and sclerotherapy for intramuscular venous malformations: a comparative clinical study
Authors: Kim Yun Hyun , Ryu Jeong Yeop , Lee Joon Seok , Lee Seok Jong , Lee Jong Min , Lee Sang Yub , Huh Seung , Kim Ji Yoon , Chung Ho Yun
Published: November 2021

Background Venous malformations (VMs) are the most common type of vascular malformations. Intramuscular venous malformations (IMVMs) are lesions involving the muscles, excluding intramuscular hemangiomas. The purpose of this study was to compare clinical outcomes between patients with IMVMs who were treated with sclerotherapy and those who were treated with surgical excision.

Methods Of 492 patients with VMs treated between July 2011 and August 2020 at a single medical center for vascular anomalies, 63 patients diagnosed with IMVM were retrospectively reviewed. Pain, movement limitations, swelling, and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated subjectively, while radiological outcomes were assessed by qualified radiologists at the center. Complication rates were also evaluated, and radiological and clinical examinations were used to determine which treatment group (sclerotherapy or surgical excision) exhibited greater improvement.

Results Although there were no significant differences in pain (P=0.471), swelling (P=0.322), or the occurrence of complications (P=0.206) between the two treatment groups, the surgical treatment group exhibited significantly better outcomes with regard to movement limitations (P=0.010), QOL (P=0.013), and radiological outcomes (P=0.017). Moreover, both duplex ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging showed greater improvements in clinical outcomes in the surgical excision group than in the sclerotherapy group.

Conclusions Although several studies have examined IMVM treatment methods, no clear guidelines for treatment selection have been developed. Based on the results of this study, surgical excision is strongly encouraged for the treatment of IMVMs.
Clinical and preclinical tolerance protocols for vascularized composite allograft transplantation
Authors: Yang Jerry Huanda , Johnson Ariel C. , Colakoglu Salih , Huang Christene A. , Mathes David Woodbridge
Published: November 2021

The field of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) has undergone significant advancement in recent decades, and VCAs are increasingly common and accepted in the clinical setting, bringing hope of functional recovery to patients with debilitating injuries. A major obstacle facing the widespread application of VCAs is the side effect profile associated with the current immunosuppressive regimen, which can cause a wide array of complications such as infection, malignancy, and even death. Significant concerns remain regarding whether the treatment outweighs the risk. The potential solution to this dilemma would be achieving VCA tolerance, which would allow recipients to receive allografts without significant immunosuppression and its sequelae. Promising tolerance protocols are being studied in kidney transplantation; four major trials have attempted to withdraw immunosuppressive treatment with various successes. The common theme in all four trials is the use of radiation treatment and donor cell transplantation. The knowledge gained from these trials can provide valuable insight into the development of a VCA tolerance protocol. Despite similarities, VCAs present additional barriers compared to kidney allografts regarding tolerance induction. VCA donors are likely to be deceased, which limits the time for significant pre-conditioning. VCA donors are also more likely to be human leukocyte antigen–mismatched, which means that tolerance must be induced across major immunological barriers. This review also explores adjunct therapies studied in large animal models that could be the missing element in establishing a safe and stable tolerance induction method.
Resurfacing the donor sites of reverse sural artery flaps using thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps
Authors: Oh Se Won , Park Seong Oh , Kim Youn Hwan
Published: November 2021

Background The reverse sural artery (RSA) flap is widely used for lower extremity reconstruction. However, patients sometimes suffer from donor site complications such as scar contracture and paresthesia, resulting in dissatisfaction with the aesthetic outcomes. This study investigated the characteristics of donor site morbidity associated with RSA flaps and described our experiences of dealing with complications by performing resurfacing surgery using thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flaps.

Methods From April 2008 to August 2018, a total of 11 patients underwent contracture release and resurfacing surgery using TDAP flaps due to donor morbidity associated with RSA flaps. All affected donor sites were covered with a skin graft, the most common of which was a meshed split-thickness skin graft (six cases).

Results Eight of the 11 patients (72.7%) suffered from pain and discomfort due to scar contracture, and seven (63.6%) complained of a depression scar. The donor sites were located 6.3±4.1 cm below the knee joint, and their average size was 140.1 cm². After resurfacing using TDAP flaps, significant improvements were found in the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) scores and the active and passive ranges of motion (AROM and PROM) of the knee joint. The LEFS scores increased from 45.1 to 56.7 postoperatively (P=0.003), AROM increased from 108.2° to 118.6° (P=0.003), and PROM from 121.4° to 126.4° (P=0.021).

Conclusions Planning of RSA flaps should take into account donor site morbidity. If complications occur at the donor site, resurfacing surgery using TDAP flaps achieves aesthetic and functional improvements.
Long-term follow-up of a severely traumatized leg treated with ipsilateral fracture-united fibular transfer in a patient with amputation of the contralateral leg: a case report
Authors: Kim Eon Su , Yang Chae Eun , Kim Jiye , Kim Sug Won
Published: November 2021

Extensive bone loss associated with severe vascular injury remains a challenge for lower extremity reconstruction. The fibular free flap has been utilized for many decades to reconstruct long-segment tibial defects. We present an unusual scenario of unilateral weight-bearing, wherein we salvaged the sole lower extremity by transfer of the fractured ipsilateral fibula and a bipedicled skin flap. A 38-year-old man sustained a severe crush injury in the right leg with loss of circulation. His left lower leg had a soft tissue defect measuring 20×15 cm with an exposed comminuted fracture and a 17-cm tibial defect, along with a segmental fracture of the fibula. Subsequently, we reconstructed the tibial defect by transferring a 17-cm-long section of the ipsilateral fibula. We covered the soft tissue defect with a bipedicled skin flap. The patient eventually began to ambulate independently after surgery.
Advances in surgical treatment of lymphedema
Authors: Beederman Maureen , Chang David W.
Published: November 2021

An estimated 250 million people worldwide suffer from lymphedema. In the past, the firstline option for treatment was nonsurgical management, either in the form of compression garments or wrapping, or comprehensive decongestive therapy, with debulking surgery reserved for the more advanced cases. However, with improvements in microsurgical techniques and imaging modalities, surgical intervention is increasingly being utilized. This review highlights recent advancements in the surgical treatment of lymphedema, specifically focusing on improvements in imaging, surgical techniques, and prevention of lymphedema.
Prospecção científica e tecnológica: uso de nanopartículas de goma do cajueiro, avaliação das atividades anticolinesterásicas e antioxidantes da espécie vegetal barbacenia blanchetii para aplicação na terapia da doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Silva Viviane Lima
Published: November 2021

A nanotecnologia é uma ciência que tem ganhado espaço nos últimos anos, principalmente na área médica, farmacêutica e química, pois esta ciência permite a manipulação da matéria na escala atômica e molecular, assim criando novos materiais e desenvolvendo novos produtos na escala nanométrica. No domínio médico-farmacêutico, a nanotecnologia aborda a caracterização, manipulação, preparação e aplicação de estruturas biológicas, em especial as nanopartículas. Sabendo-se que doença de Alzheimer, trata-se de uma afecção neurodegenerativa que acomete cerca de 35,6 milhões de pessoas no mundo todo sendo na maioria idosos, os medicamentos anticolinesterásicos são os mais indicados para o tratamento desta doença, existindo atualmente no mercado 5 fármacos aprovados pela Food and Drug Administration (FDA) para a comercialização e tratamento da doença de Alzheimer, com exceção da memantina. As outras 4 drogas permitidas no tratamento da DA se baseiam na atividade anticolinesterásica, sendo que dessas 4, 2 desses fármacos, a galantamina (Reminyl, Razadyne) e a rivastigmina (Exelon) são de origem natural. No contexto fitoquímico, a espécie vegetal Barbacenia blanchetii que ocorre nos campos rupestres da Chapada Diamantina no Estado brasileiro da Bahia, é rica em flavonoides, onde estudos realizados com esta planta mostraram resultados consideráveis frente à ação anticolinesterásica, principalmente sob a enzima butirilcolinesterase. Diante dessas informações, investigou-se se há o uso de extratos incorporados em nanopartículas, obtidas a partir da goma do cajueiro, e também do óleo essencial extraído dessa espécie vegetal, a Barbacenia blanchetii e suas aplicações na terapia da doença de Alzheimer, por meio de uma prospecção tecnológica nas principais bases de patentes e periódicos, onde não foram encontrados documentos de patentes relacionados a esse vegetal e apenas 1 artigo disponível nos periódicos PubMed e Web of Science.
Atuação do enfermeiro como gestor na rede básica de saúde
Authors: Araújo Kezia dos Santos , Reis Lucimar Dias , Figueredo Rogério Carvalho de , Pereira Reobbe Aguiar
Published: November 2021

Um dos mais graves problemas sociais do Brasil é a má qualidade da saúde pública. O objetivo desta pesquisa é ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o gerenciamento da enfermagem quanto o tempo de espera por atendimento nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa do tipo revisão literária. Foram utilizados artigos e textos científicos indexados nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online (SCIELO), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e BIREME. A insatisfação dos usuários do sistema público de saúde fomenta a necessidade de compreender a dinâmica dos serviços de saúde e na implementação de novos modelos de organização. Foi evidenciado que a atenção primária, necessita de enfermeiros capacitados quanto as suas atribuições gerenciais e organizativas, principalmente quanto ao processo de trabalho para atender a demanda, enfrentando os desafios apontados por este sistema cheio de deficiências.
Doenças sistêmicas e interdisciplinaridade: a importância do diálogo entre o cirurgião dentista e o médico no tratamento e prognóstico de pessoas com enfermidades sistêmicas
Authors: Oliveira Iasmyn Paranhos de , Leão Marcos Lorran Paranhos , Alcântara Carlos Eduardo Pinto de
Published: November 2021

Nas últimas décadas, tem ficado mais evidente a associação entre doenças sistêmicas e alterações orais. Portanto, é imprescindível que haja comunicação constante entre profissionais médicos e odontólogos, visando um atendimento integral e humanizado e, assim, melhor prognóstico e qualidade de vida do paciente. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é elucidar a importância da abordagem interprofissional entre esses profissionais, com enfoque no tratamento de pessoas com histórico de doenças sistêmicas, como Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) e cardiopatias. Sendo assim, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, com artigos em português e espanhol, entre os anos de 2016 e 2020. Constatou-se que, na DM, é possível observar associação com alterações na cavidade oral como doença periodontal (DP), alteração do paladar, candidíase oral, xerostomia e halitose. Adicionalmente, constatou-se forte evidência tanto entre a DP e DM quanto com a HAS/cardiopatias apresentando uma interação benéfica a ambas as patologias. Enquanto, por um lado, a hiperglicemia pode predispor o surgimento e agravamento da DP, esta, por outro, possui influência na piora do controle glicêmico. O processo inflamatório sistêmico promovido pela DP mostrou-se associado ao desenvolvimento ou agravamento de doenças cardiovasculares e pacientes que não respondem ao tratamento periodontal, possuem alto risco de doença cardiovascular.
Existe associação entre artrite psoriásica e obesidade em adultos?: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Barreto Tácio Vinícius Almeida Montalvão , Silva Denison Santos
Published: November 2021

A artrite psoriásica (AP) é uma doença musculoesquelética crônica com característica inflamatória imunomediada que se apresenta de forma heterogênea. Ela está relacionada a fatores genéticos, ambientais e estilo de vida, como a obesidade. Nos últimos anos, as taxas de sobrepeso e obesidade aumentaram consideravelmente a ponto de um terço da população ser classificada como com sobrepeso ou obesidade. O objetivo é verificar nas evidências mais recentes a ocorrência entre a AP e a obesidade em adultos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, na qual foi realizada uma busca de artigos publicados entre os anos 2015-2020 nas bases de dados PubMed e LILACS através dos descritores artrite psoriásica e obesidade nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. Dentre os 334 artigos encontrados inicialmente, foram selecionados 12 artigos para compor a amostra final após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A obesidade se mostrou frequente e contribuiu para a piora da atividade da doença em pacientes com AP. Além disso, a alimentação baseada em baixa ingesta calórica e cirurgia bariátrica por bypass gástrico mostraram resultados benéficos nesses pacientes. A apresentação tardia da AP também se relacionou a uma maior prevalência da obesidade. As evidências recentes sugerem uma associação comum entre a artrite psoriásica e a obesidade em adultos.
Análise temporal e espacial do número de casos e incidência de diarreia no Brasil no período de 2003 a 2016
Authors: Santos Claudiomir da silva dos , Rita Fabrício Santos , Silva Monise Martins da , Barbosa Ronei Aparecido
Published: November 2021

O conhecimento acerca dos dados epidemiológicos do registro e incidência de diarreia no país é fundamental o dimensionamento das operações e processos envolvidos na cadeia de gerenciamento de saúde pública no âmbito nacional. Deste modo, o presente trabalho objetivou levantar o número de casos registrados de diarreia nos estados brasileiros, e calcular a incidência desta doença, no período de 2003 a 2016. Para isto, os dados necessários para esta pesquisa foram coletados em base de dados apropriadas e submetidas a análise temporal e espacial. Os resultados apontam que o perfil de diarreia no Brasil passou por transformações ao longo do período analisado, sendo que em 2003 poucos estados apresentavam registro desta doença, entretanto, com o passar dos anos todos os estados brasileiros apresentavam registro de casos, com destaque para os estados da região norte e nordeste, além dos estados de Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro São Paulo e Santa Catarina que nos últimos anos apresentarem números elevados. Em relação a incidência foi apontado que o estado Amazonas era o estado que apresentava maior incidência de diarreia nos anos de 2003 (78%) e 2004 (41%), entretanto, a prevalência desta doença nesta região foi reduzindo e nos últimos anos analisados (2009 a 2016) a taxa de incidência de diarreia se tornou mais equilibrada entre os estados brasileiros. Sendo que o maior índice desta afecção nos últimos anos foi encontrado no estado de Santa Catarina, com incidência em torno de 4 a 12% do total de registros no país.
Reduced-scale compartment gaseous fuels backdraft experiments
Authors: Brown Christopher U , Falkenstein-Smith Ryan , Cleary Thomas G
Published: November 2021

This report documents the design and construction of a reduced-scale compartment and summary data for a set of gaseous fuel experiments to study the backdraft phenomenon. In these experiments, a fire was enclosed in a compartment with modified configurations (e.g., fire size, fuel-off time, spark ignition location, spark delay time, and front opening) to identify precursors to a backdraft event. A moderate fire size of 25 kW was studied using methane, propane, and propene as individual fuels. A 16.7 kW propane fire and 37.5 kW methane fire were also studied. Temperature readings in the upper and lower layers of the compartment, pressure, external heat flux measurements, and heat flux measurements at the compartment floor were recorded during each experiment. For experiments where a backdraft occurred, flame size measurements and ignition times relative to the doorway opening were obtained from video recordings during the experiments. Experiments were repeated at least once for each set of selected experimental conditions. Fuel flow conditions for each fuel and fire size produced events ranging from no ignition to backdrafts for the range of compartment configurations studied. In general, the transition from no ignition to increasingly larger backdrafts was observed for each fuel as its flow time was increased.
Ten Years On: CSR Motivations and Engagements in French Managers’ Perceptions 2007-2017
Authors: Hudson Sarah , Descubes Irena
Published: November 2021

We investigate how managers in French companies report their engagements and motivations regarding corporate social responsibility (CSR) in 2007 and 2017. We conducted and analysed 14 in-depth structured interviews with managers in 2007 and again in 2017. Thematic analysis shows that in 2007, managers focused on instrumental motivations for CSR, citing economically driven artefacts and pro-environmental efforts. In 2017, most managers reported increased and reinforced environmental and social engagements with a parallel shift in the expression of their motivations; seeing CSR as a responsibility to society and future generations, or as a normal, natural activity.