bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystallization and X-ray analysis of 23 nm virus-like particles fromNorovirusChiba strain
Authors: Hasegawa Kazuya , Someya Yuichi , Shigematsu Hideki , Kimura-Someya Tomomi , Nuemket Nipawan , Kumasaka Takashi
Published: October 2017

Norovirusis a major causative pathogen of nonbacterial acute gastroenteritis. Despite the sequence similarity among various strains, noroviruses of different genotypes show different antigenicities and different binding profiles to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). To reveal the relationships between the structure of the capsid and the diversity in antigenicity and the HBGA-binding profile, virus-like particles (VLPs) of the Chiba strain that belongs to genogroup I, genotype 4 were crystallized for X-ray structural analysis. Diffraction data were collected and processed at 3.2 Å resolution. The crystal belonged to space groupI222, with unit-cell parametersa= 290.0,b= 310.4c= 350.4 Å. The possible packing model indicated that the diameter of the particle was 280 Å, which was much smaller than the 38 nm VLPs ofNorovirusNorwalk strain (NV) withT= 3 icosahedral symmetry and composed of 180 VP1 proteins. The structure was solved by molecular replacement using the structure of the VP1 pentamer of NV 38 nm VLPs as a search model, revealing that the VLPs were smaller particles: 23 nm VLPs withT= 1 icosahedral symmetry, the structure of which has not yet been analyzed at high resolution. The structure of 23 nm VLPs will enable the two different VLPs ofNorovirusto be compared, which will provide important information for understanding the structural basis of capsid formation.
Crystallization via tubing microfluidics permits both in situ and ex situ X-ray diffraction
Authors: Gerard Charline J. J. , Ferry Gilles , Vuillard Laurent M. , Boutin Jean A. , Chavas Leonard M. G. , Huet Tiphaine , Ferte Nathalie , Grossier Romain , Candoni Nadine , Veesler Stéphane
Published: October 2017

A microfluidic platform was used to address the problems of obtaining diffraction-quality crystals and crystal handling during transfer to the X-ray diffractometer. Crystallization conditions of a protein of pharmaceutical interest were optimized and X-ray data were collected both in situ and ex situ.
The relationship between universal network perceptions and dyadic network perceptions and their effect on employees’ behavioral reactions to organizational change
Authors: Hatjidis Dimitrios , Parker Andrew
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the relationships formed between the universal network quality perceptions and the dyadic network quality perceptions that an individual formulate through social ties at work and their effect on behavioral reaction toward organizational change.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from 91 full-time hotel employees through a self-report survey. Using regression models and mediation method three hypotheses referring to the relationship between the universal and the dyadic perceptions as well as the indirect effect of the dyadic network perception on behavioral reactions to change, through universal network perceptions, are tested.

Findings

The results show that universal network perception has a positive association with an individual’s behavior toward change, while the authors’ dyadic network perception hypothesis is not supported. Additional results highlight the indirect effect of dyadic network perception on behavioral reactions to change through universal network perceptions.

Research limitations/implications

Owing to the nature of the study, the inferences of causality might not be that strong as the authors’ findings are limited to the fact that the outcome variable is the behavioral intention toward a hypothetical organizational change rather than an actual change.

Practical implications

Although both types of perceptions are needed in affecting behavioral intentions, the universal network perceptions are the ones that need to be considered as indicators of the need for proactive non-conventional management planning with regard to the human element of change management.

Originality/value

The principal contribution of this study is that it brings greater clarity to how tie quality perceptions are constructed and their impact on employees’ behavior toward organizational change.
A posterioridietary patterns and risk of pancreatic and renal cancers
Authors: Alizadeh Shahab , Shab-Bidar Sakineh , Mohtavinejad Nasser , Djafarian Kurosh
Published: October 2017

Purpose

Dietary patterns have been used to explore the association between dietary factors and risk of pancreatic cancer (PC) and renal cancer (RC); however, the association remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively review these associations.

Design/methodology/approach

Pertinent studies published prior to March 2016 were systematically searched and retrieved through PubMed and Scopus databases. Adjusted risk estimates were derived by comparing the highest with the lowest categories of dietary pattern scores and were combined by using the fixed-effects model when no substantial heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, the random-effects model was used.

Findings

A total of nine studies, five for PC (including 2,059 cases and 41,774 participants/controls) and four for RC (with 1,327 cases and 53,007 participants/controls), were included in this meta-analysis. A decreased risk of PC was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of the healthy dietary pattern (OR = 0.72, 95 per cent CI = 0.51-0.94, random effects (p-value for heterogeneity = 0.004)), whereas no significant association with Western dietary was observed (OR = 1.16, 95 per cent CI = 0.87-1.44, fixed effects). In the overall analysis, a significant association was found between the healthy dietary pattern and reduced risk of RC (OR = 0.59, 95 per cent CI = 0.48-0.71, fixed effects (p-value for heterogeneity = 0.459)), whereas the Western pattern was positively associated with risk of RC (OR = 1.42, 95 per cent CI = 1.14-1.69, fixed effects). For both cancers, the reduced risk associated with the healthy pattern was restricted to case-control, but not cohort, studies. Furthermore, drinking pattern was significantly related to reduced risk of RC (OR = 0.68, 95 per cent CI = 0.42-0.94).

Originality/value

To the authors’ knowledge, the present study is the first English document to summarize systematically the findings from observational studies in response to this question whethera posterioridietary patterns are associated with susceptibility to the risk of renal and ovarian cancers.
Making meaning out of noise
Authors: Cegarra-Sánchez Jorge , Cegarra-Navarro Juan-Gabriel
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The environments provided by classrooms to facilitate learning among students can be seen as useful vehicles for making meaning out of gossip, lies, exaggeration and partial truths (i.e. counter-knowledge). This paper aims to focus on professional learning communities as a process to counteract the problem of counter-knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper has analysed the relationships between professional-learning communities and counter-knowledge using an empirical study of 210 undergraduate students to identify whether there is a significant impact on student achievement by professional learning communities. This study uses PLS-Graph software version 3.0 to conduct an analysis of the data collected.

Findings

Outcome findings support that professional learning communities provide a way of counteracting counter-knowledge and the noise heard through gossip, lies, exaggeration and partial truths.

Originality/value

Results also confirm that counter-knowledge is a variable that, when controlled, has the effect of strengthening the relationship between learning and student achievement.
The nitrate‐reduction gene cluster components exert lineage‐dependent contributions to optimization of Sinorhizobium symbiosis with soybeans
Authors: Liu Li Xue , Li Qin Qin , Zhang Yun Zeng , Hu Yue , Jiao Jian , Guo Hui Juan , Zhang Xing Xing , Zhang Biliang , Chen Wen Xin , Tian Chang Fu
Published: October 2017

Receiving nodulation and nitrogen fixation genes does not guarantee rhizobia an effective symbiosis with legumes. Here, variations in gene content were determined for three Sinorhizobium species showing contrasting symbiotic efficiency on soybeans. A nitrate‐reduction gene cluster absent in S. sojae was found to be essential for symbiotic adaptations of S. fredii and S. sp. III. In S. fredii, the deletion mutation of the nap (nitrate reductase), instead of nir (nitrite reductase) and nor (nitric oxide reductase), led to defects in nitrogen‐fixation (Fix–). By contrast, none of these core nitrate‐reduction genes were required for the symbiosis of S. sp. III. However, within the same gene cluster, the deletion of hemN1 (encoding oxygen‐independent coproporphyrinogen III oxidase) in both S. fredii and S. sp. III led to the formation of nitrogen‐fixing (Fix+) but ineffective (Eff–) nodules. These Fix+/Eff– nodules were characterized by significantly lower enzyme activity of glutamine synthetase indicating rhizobial modulation of nitrogen‐assimilation by plants. A distant homologue of HemN1 from S. sojae can complement this defect in S. fredii and S. sp. III, but exhibited a more pleotropic role in symbiosis establishment. These findings highlighted the lineage‐dependent optimization of symbiotic functions in different rhizobial species associated with the same host.
The Trade Effects of Border Controls: Evidence from the European Schengen Agreement
Authors: Felbermayr Gabriel , Gröschl Jasmin , Steinwachs Thomas
Published: October 2017

The Schengen Agreement is an important milestone in the European integration process. The purpose is to facilitate the flow of goods, services, and persons across intra‐European borders. How successful is it in achieving this goal? We apply an econometric gravity analysis to bilateral trade. Unlike earlier analysis, we acknowledge that Schengen treats different country pairs differently, depending on their relative geographical location. Moreover, we find it crucial to carefully control for other elements of European integration such as membership in the customs union, the single market or the currency union, and to factor in countries' trade with themselves. Schengen has boosted trade by about 2.81 per cent on average, on top of the EU's trade effects (equivalent to a drop in tariffs between 0.46 and 1.02 percentage points). Trade creation effects for services are stronger than for goods, but estimates feature larger parameter uncertainty. Peripheral countries benefit more than central ones. Other aspects of EU integration matter much more for trade than Schengen.
Legitimizing Europe in Contested Settings: Europe as a Normative Power in Turkey?
Authors: Aydin‐Düzgit Senem
Published: October 2017

This article aims to explore whether – and if so, how – the EU is perceived as a normative power (NPE) in Turkey in the context of deteriorating Turkey–EU relations. By adopting the Habermasian understanding that legitimacy is a prerequisite for NPE and through employing a focus group methodology novel to NPE research, the article finds that a certain segment of the Turkish public views the EU as a normative power, suggesting that claims for the existence of NPE need to be qualified both by the level of analysis and by the local context which comprises socio‐cultural factors as well as government/opposition dynamics. The article also shows that contestation of the EU's actorness takes place over moral and ethical‐political arguments rather than utility‐based debates, demonstrating that polarization is noticeably present as far as the EU's normativity is concerned, and not on the perceived costs and benefits of EU accession.
Coaxial hybrid perovskite fibers: Synthesis and encapsulation in situ via electrospinning
Authors: Murphy John P. , Andriolo Jessica M. , Sutton Nathan J. , Brockway Molly C. , Skinner Jack L.
Published: October 2017

In this study, a new method for producing fibers with hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIP) cores and hydrophobic polystyrene shells via coaxial electrospinning is introduced. The presence of the HOIP, CH3NH3PbI3, was verified through the use of ultraviolet to visible spectroscopy and x-ray diffractography to confirm successful synthesis in situ. Morphologies of the coaxial fibers were investigated using scanning electron microscopy to confirm the core/shell geometry and assess the fiber diameter. Finally, the interaction of liquid water and the fiber mats was studied to assess improvements to moisture resistance garnered from encapsulation in coaxial electrospun fibers.
The bandgap controlling by geometrical symmetry design in hybrid phononic crystal
Authors: Zhang Z. , Han X. K. , Ji G. M.
Published: October 2017

The effects of symmetries on the bandgap in a newly designed hybrid phononic crystal plate composed of rubber slab and epoxy resin stub are studied for better controlling of bandgaps. The point group symmetry is changed by changing the orientation of the stub. The translation group symmetry is changed by changing the side length and the height of adjacent stubs. Results show that the point group symmetry and translation group symmetry can be important factors for controlling of the bandgaps of phononic crystal. Wider bandgap is obtained by suitable orientation of the stub. Lower bandgap appears when the differences between the adjacent stubs become bigger in supercell.
Hydraulic Mineral Waste Transport and Storage
Authors: Pullum Lionel , Boger David V. , Sofra Fiona
Published: October 2017

Conventional mineral waste disposal involves pumping dilute concentration suspensions of tailings to large catchment areas, where the solids settle to form a consolidated base while the excess water is evaporated. Unfortunately, this often takes years, if ever, to occur, and the interim period poses a severe threat to the surrounding countryside and water table. A worldwide movement to increase the concentration of these tailings to pastes for disposal above and below ground, obviating some of these issues, has led to the development of new technologies. Increasing the solids concentrations invariably produces non-Newtonian effects that can mask the underlying nature of the suspension mechanics, resulting in the use of poor pipeline and disposal methods. Combining rheological characterization and analysis with non-Newtonian suspension fluid mechanics provides insight into these flows, both laminar and turbulent. These findings provide the necessary basis for successful engineering designs.
A TRPM4 Inhibitor 9-Phenanthrol Inhibits Glucose- and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1-Induced Insulin Secretion from Rat Islets of Langerhans
Authors: Ma Zuheng , Björklund Anneli , Islam Md. Shahidul
Published: October 2017

Pancreatic β-cells express several ion channels of the transient receptor potential family, which play important roles in mediating the stimulus-secretion coupling. One of these channels, the TRPM4 is a Ca2+-activated monovalent cation channel. This channel is inhibited by 9-phenanthrol, which also inhibits the TMEM16a Cl− channel, and activates the Ca2+-activated K+ channel, Kca3.1. The net effects of ion-channel modulation by 9-phenantherol on the insulin secretion remain unclear. We tested the effects of 9-phenanthrol on glucose- and GLP-1-induced insulin secretion from isolated rat islets in static incubations. When applied to the islets in the presence of 3.3 mM glucose, 9-phenanthrol caused a small increase in insulin secretion (~7% of the insulin secretion stimulated by 10 mM glucose). 10 μM 9-phenanthrol did not inhibit glucose- or GLP-1-induced insulin secretion. 20 μM and 30 μM 9-phenanthrol inhibited glucose-induced insulin secretion by ~80% and ~85%, respectively. Inhibition of the GLP-1-induced insulin secretion by 20 μM and 30 μM 9-phenanthrol was 65% and 94%, respectively. Our study shows that the major effect of 9-phenanthrol on the islets is a strong inhibition of insulin secretion, and we speculate that compounds related to 9-phenanthrol may be potentially useful in treating the pancreatogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia syndromes.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antifertility Efficacy of Heterobimetallic Complexes of Copper (II)
Authors: Chaudhary Ashu , Singh Anshul
Published: October 2017

Heterobimetallic complexes of the copper with remarkable antimicrobial and antifertility action have been synthesized by the conventional method by reacting CuCl2 and o-phenylenediamine in the methanolic medium forming the mononuclear complex of the type CuC6H8N22Cl2 which was further treated with group 4 or 14 organometallic dichlorides (Ph2M′Cl2, Me2M′Cl2, and Cp2M′′Cl2) [M′ = Sn, Si, and M′′ = Ti, Zr] leading to formation of heterobimetallic complexes. All the synthesized complexes were characterized in the light of various physicochemical techniques like elemental analyses, conductivity measurements, molecular weight determination, electronic and infrared spectra, electronic spin resonance, X-ray, and mass spectral studies. The in vitro antibacterial activity of synthesized complexes against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was tested to evaluate their inhibiting activities. The antifungal activities of mono- and heterobimetallic complexes were studied by screening the compounds against Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata. These complexes were then investigated to reveal their effect on the reproductive organs of male rats. The treatment has shown substantial decline in the sperm motility and density signifying the imperious antifertility activity.
The Urban Improvise
Authors: Kloeckl Kristian
Published: October 2017

In this article I draw a parallel between the responsive nature of urban environments in today's hybrid cities and improvisation in the performing arts. By drawing on material from the practice and study of improvisation, as well as the humanities and social sciences, I examine the nature of improvisation and its relationship with urban life. Based on this approach, four key positions are proposed as foundational elements for an improvisation-based model of urban interaction design. A brief analysis examines this model in relation to three existing projects, and by using responsive urban lighting as an example, I illustrate how improvisation techniques can be employed to put into action the proposed key positions to guide the design of responsive urban environments.
Imagination and the Political in Design Participation
Authors: Opazo Daniel , Wolff Matías , Araya María José
Published: October 2017

The different traditions in design participation have overlooked the relationship between imagination and the political when discussing the sources of legitimacy in participatory projects. Whether it is in architecture, planning, or design, many practitioners and scholars base their approaches to participation on what we consider an artificial exclusion between the what and the how of design, respectively understood as results and procedures. We suggest that there might be an interesting opportunity in avoiding this binary opposition, and in considering the construction of the design problem as the true what of design.
Thyroid hormone regulates hematopoiesis via the TR-KLF9 axis
Authors: Zhang Ying , Xue Yuanyuan , Cao Chunwei , Huang Jiaojiao , Hong Qianlong , Hai Tang , Jia Qitao , Wang Xianlong , Qin Guosong , Yao Jing , Wang Xiao , Zheng Qiantao , Zhang Rui , Li Yongshun , Luo Ailing , Zhang Nan , Shi Guizhi , Wang Yanfang , Ying Hao , Liu Zhonghua , Wang Hongmei , Meng Anming , Zhou Qi , Wei Hong , Liu Feng , Zhao Jianguo
Published: October 2017

Key Points

A severe hypothyroid pig model created by ENU mutagenesis manifests the clinical features of human patients. KLF9 acts as a critical mediator between the thyroid axis and hematopoiesis.
Reviewing the class of Al-rich Ti-Al alloys: modeling high temperature plastic anisotropy and asymmetry
Authors: Chowdhury Helal , Altenbach Holm , Krüger Manja , Naumenko Konstantin
Published: October 2017

In the last decades, the class of Ti-rich TiAl-based intermetallic materials has replaced many contemporary alloys till 900 °C. Due to higher oxidation resistance, 20% lower density and higher (about 150 °C more) operating temperature possibility of Al-rich TiAl alloys over Ti-rich side, phases from the Al-rich region of this alloy system are considered to be highly potential candidates for high temperature structural applications. Although there are a lot of works about Ti-rich alloys, however, investigation from the Al-rich side is very limited. This work reviews the class of Al-rich TiAl alloys in terms of phases, microstructures, morphology, deformation mechanisms, mechanical behaviors along with a possible micromechanical modeling approach. Single crystal like Ti-61.8at.%Al alloy from the Al-rich family has been chosen as an example for modeling high temperature anisotropy and tension-compression asymmetry. A possible comparison with Ti-rich side is also presented.
Does the cognitive therapy of depression rest on a mistake?
Authors: Gipps Richard G. T.
Published: October 2017

Cognitive therapy for depression is common practice in today's National Health Service, yet it does not work well. Aaron Beck developed it after becoming disillusioned with the psychoanalytic theory and therapy he espoused and practised. But Beck's understanding of psychoanalysis appears to have been seriously flawed. Understood rightly, the psychoanalytic approach offers a cogent theory and therapy for depression which, unlike the cognitive approach, takes us to its emotional-motivational roots. A clinically successful therapy can afford to eschew theory and rest on its pragmatic laurels. This is not the case for cognitive therapy. The time is right to re-examine the psychoanalytic theory and treatment of depression.
Risk of Cardiovascular Ischemic Events After Surgical Castration and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Dong-Yi , See Lai-Chu , Liu Jia-Rou , Chuang Cheng-Keng , Pang See-Tong , Hsieh I-Chang , Wen Ming-Shien , Chen Tien-Hsing , Lin Yung-Chang , Liaw Chuang-Chi , Hsu Cheng-Lung , Chang John Wen-Cheng , Kuo Chang-Fu , Huang Wen-Kuan
Published: October 2017

Purpose

Our aim was to determine whether cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) differs between those who receive androgen-deprivation therapy by surgical castration and those who receive gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy.

Patients and Methods

By using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we analyzed data from 14,715 patients with PCa diagnosed from January 1, 1997, through December 31, 2011. The patients were treated with bilateral orchiectomy or GnRHa therapy. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting with propensity scores to adjust for the imbalance in covariate baseline values between these two groups. Cox regression models were used to identify risk factors for myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), and cardiac-related complications.

Results

Overall, 3,578 patients with PCa (24.3%) underwent bilateral orchiectomy and 11,137 patients (75.7%) received GnRHa therapy. Both groups had a similar risk of CV ischemic events (ie, MI or IS; hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.38) during a median follow-up time of 3.3 years. However, during the first 1.5 years of follow-up, there were higher CV ischemic events in the orchiectomy group than in the GnRHa group (hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.88), particularly in patients who were ≥ 65 years of age, had hypertension, had a Charlson comorbidity index score ≥ 3, and had a previous history of MI, IS, or coronary heart disease.

Conclusion

Compared with bilateral orchiectomy, use of GnRHa does not increase the risk of CV ischemic events in patients with PCa. Nonetheless, orchiectomy is associated with higher rates of CV ischemic events in older patients and those with a history of CV comorbidities within 1.5 years of initiating androgen-deprivation therapy. These findings can help clinicians decide on the optimal castration strategy for individual patients.
Expanding Medicaid Access without Expanding Medicaid: Why Did Some Nonexpansion States Continue the Primary Care Fee Bump?
Authors: Wilk Adam S. , Evans Leigh C. , Jones David K.
Published: October 2017

Six states that have rejected the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act's (ACA) Medicaid expansion nonetheless extended the primary care “fee bump,” by which the federal government increased Medicaid fees for primary care services up to 100 percent of Medicare fees during 2013–14. We conducted semistructured interviews with leaders in five of these states, as well as in three comparison states, to examine why they would continue a provision of the ACA that moderately expands access at significant state expense while rejecting the expansion and its large federal match, focusing on relevant economic, political, and procedural factors. We found that fee bump extension proposals were more successful where they were dissociated from major national policy debates, actionable with the input of relatively few stakeholder entities, and well aligned with preexisting policy-making structures and decision trends. Republican proposals to cap or reduce federal funding for Medicaid, if enacted, would compel states to contain program costs. In this context, states' established decision-making processes for updating Medicaid fee schedules, which we elucidate in this study, may shape the future of the Medicaid program.
Fine-scale spatial and temporal heterogeneities in insecticide resistance profiles of the malaria vector, Anopheles arabiensis in rural south-eastern Tanzania
Authors: Matowo Nancy S. , Munhenga Givemore , Tanner Marcel , Coetzee Maureen , Feringa Wim F. , Ngowo Halfan S. , Koekemoer Lizette L. , Okumu Fredros O.
Published: October 2017

Background: Programmatic monitoring of insecticide resistance in disease vectors is mostly done on a large scale, often focusing on differences between districts, regions or countries. However, local heterogeneities in residual malaria transmission imply the need for finer-scale data. This study reports small-scale variations of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis between three neighbouring villages across two seasons in Tanzania, where insecticidal bed nets are extensively used, but malaria transmission persists.

Methods: WHO insecticide susceptibility assays were conducted on female and male An. arabiensis from three proximal villages, Minepa, Lupiro, and Mavimba, during dry (June-December 2015) and wet (January-May 2016) seasons. Adults emerging from wild-collected larvae were exposed to 0.05% lambda-cyhalothrin, 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.75% permethrin, 4% DDT, 4% dieldrin, 0.1% bendiocarb, 0.1% propoxur, 0.25% pirimiphos-methyl and 5% malathion. A hydrolysis probe assay was used to screen for L1014F (kdr-w) and L1014S (kdr-e) mutations in specimens resistant to DDT or pyrethroids. Synergist assays using piperonly butoxide (PBO) and triphenol phosphate (TPP) were done to assess pyrethroid and bendiocarb resistance phenotypes.

Results: There were clear seasonal and spatial fluctuations in phenotypic resistance status in An. arabiensis to pyrethroids, DDT and bendiocarb. Pre-exposure to PBO and TPP, resulted in lower knockdown rates and higher mortalities against pyrethroids and bendiocarb, compared to tests without the synergists. Neither L1014F nor L1014S mutations were detected.

Conclusions: This study confirmed the presence of pyrethroid resistance in An. arabiensis and showed small-scale differences in resistance levels between the villages, and between seasons. Substantial, though incomplete, reversal of pyrethroid and bendiocarb resistance following pre-exposure to PBO and TPP, and absence of kdr alleles suggest involvement of P450 monooxygenases and esterases in the resistant phenotypes. We recommend, for effective resistance management, further bioassays to quantify the strength of resistance, and both biochemical and molecular analysis to elucidate specific enzymes responsible in resistance.
Cast wedging: A systematic review of the present evidence
Authors: Gaukel S. , Leu S. , Fink L. , Skovgaard S. R. , Ramseier L. E. , Vuille-dit-Bille R. N.
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The objective of this systematic review was to summarise the outcome after cast wedging due to loss of angulation in conservative fracture treatment of children's fractures.

Methods

Electronic searches were performed using MEDLINE, PubMed, OVID, CENTRAL and EMBASE without language restrictions.

Results

Three studies comprising 316 patients (210 radius, 52 forearm/both bone forearm fractures and 54 tibia fractures) were included in the present analysis. Cast wedge failures occurred in 14 of 316 (4.4%) patients. Three patients (0.9%) needed surgical fixation and 11 patients (3.4%) ended up with a healed deformity. Furthermore, eight of 316 (1.8%) patients needed remanipulation and cast change.

Conclusion

Cast wedging reflects a reliable treatment option for secondary displaced long-bone paediatric fractures.
Media Ecology of Cable Television
Authors: Morrison James C.
Published: October 2017

In Laws of Media Marshall and Eric McLuhan propose a fourfold process of examination they call the tetrad, consisting of enhancements, obsolescences, retrievals, and reversals, which is applied here to cable television. Cable TV enhances the quality of the broadcast signal, obsolesces the physical antenna and ability (or need) to manipulate it for best reception, retrieves the penny press of the 19th century, and reverses into TiVo, ReplayTV, the World Wide Web, and eventually into the common carrier model of telephony. But the attendant social and cultural effects overshadow any effects deriving from content alone.
Migrance, sensorium et translocalité chez Ying Chen et Kim Thúy
Authors: Sing Pamela V.
Published: October 2017

Critical discourse addressing the question of ‘migrant writing’ has most often privileged phenomena related exclusively to movement, whence the tendency to characterize the intercultural subject in relation to concepts such as exile, deterritorialization and dispossession. This article, centred on the most recent novels of two Asian francophone writers, Ying Chen and Kim Thúy, seeks to broach the subject from another angle. The author postulates that the coexistence of prose and poetic expression in a same text produces a tension that may be interpreted as the attempt to portray the migrant figure as an emplaced mobile subject. The study’s theoretical bases are grounded in the notions or concepts of sensual imagination and translocality.

La perspective communément adoptée pour penser la question identitaire chez les écrivains migrants privilégie les phénomènes liés exclusivement à la mouvance, ce qui explique la tendance à parler du sujet interculturel en rapport avec des concepts tels que l’exil, la déterritorialisation et la dépossession. Cet article adopte une autre approche en s’intéressant au traitement de la question chez deux écrivaines asiatico-francophones, Ying Chen et Kim Thúy. L’auteure postule que la coexistence de la prose et de l’expression poétique chez ces écrivaines produit une tension, expression de la tentative de parler à la fois de mouvance et d’ancrage dans un ‘chez-soi’. La base théorique de son étude emprunte à l’anthropologie son intérêt pour l’imagination sensuelle et à la géographie, le concept de la translocalité.
La quête identitaire d’Ook Chung: Analyse thématique de La Trilogie coréenne
Authors: Kim-Bernard Kyeongmi
Published: October 2017

This review article analyses La Trilogie coréenne (2012) of Ook Chung. A Québécois writer born in Japan to Korean parents, Chung tells the stories of his uprooted and twice immigrated family in the wake of the stormy events that his home country experienced in the twentieth century. The challenging search for identity of one who claims to be ‘the offspring of chaos’ appears in these three stories. Marked by a strong autofictive flavour, La Trilogie coréenne enables us to explore a significant aspect of postcolonial migrant writing in Canada. The article examines Chung’s descriptions of the search for identity in such fictional settings as Canada, Japan, Korea and France. It aims to identity the particularity and the relevance of the trilogy in francophone literature. To achieve this, the ­article refers to theories developed in the field of postcolonial migrant writing by, for example, Simon Harel and Homi Bhabha.

Cet article analyse La Trilogie coréenne (2012) d’Ook Chung. Écrivain québécois né au Japon de parents coréens, Chung relate les récits de sa famille déracinée et doublement immigrante dans la foulée des événements houleux que son pays d’origine a traversés au vingtième siècle. Dans ces trois récits se lit la difficile quête identitaire d’un être qui se déclare être ‘le rejeton du chaos’. Marquée par une forte saveur autofictive, La Trilogie coréenne s’avère propice à explorer un aspect significatif de l’écriture migrante postcoloniale au Canada. Cet article examine l’écriture de Chung autour du thème de la difficile quête du moi en considérant la mise en décors romanesques aussi divers que le Canada, le Japon, la Corée et la France. Il identifie la particularité et la pertinence de la trilogie dans la littéraire francophone. Pour y arriver, l’article se réfère aux travaux qui ont des attributs dans le domaine de l’écriture migrante postcoloniale comme ceux de Simon Harel et de Homi Bhabha, entre autres.
Long-term impacts of artistled songwriting workshops with individuals in regional Australia: A pilot study
Authors: Baker Felicity A. , Jeanneret Neryl , Watt Bec
Published: October 2017

Young people in regional communities demonstrate poorer long-term economic, health and employment outcomes than do youth from urban areas. Active participation in creative arts has the potential to improve educational performance, enhance personal development and improve social cohesion in socially excluded communities. The Musomagic programme represents a creative arts partnership model between school, community and artist, engaging young people in regional and remote communities in songwriting and music video workshops. This retrospective study used inductive and iterative thematic analysis of interviews with seven Musomagic mentors to examine the long-term impacts on the lives of young people and the community. The results show that Musomagic can deliver long-term positive impacts. These impacts were most strongly apparent in personal and community themes, and somewhat less so in the school theme. The researchers discovered that development of confidence was perceived as a key enabler that led to the personal, school and long-term impacts.
Portugal’s strategy on brain gain: Its meanings and impacts in the making of a post-national language of citizenship
Authors: Carvalhais Isabel Eestrada
Published: October 2017

This article assesses the Portuguese position in regard to the challenges of brain circulation, from the analysis of a few set of public measures that have been implemented in the recent past. The management of brain circulation undertaken over the last years, along with the management
of scientific and technological production and dissemination, access to education and training resources, comprise a strategy that follows much of the international trends in regard to the states' empowerment through the reinforcement of scientific and technological knowledge. However, as
the text tries to show, such strategy in the Portuguese case, is also profoundly shaped by the country's semi-peripheral position. The text tries to provide some evidence of the obstacles that may menace and jeopardise the eventual success of the country's efforts to overcome its semi-peripheral
reality.

Finally, the text suggests we bring forward a new set of questions about the ethics underlying the assumption of certain forms of knowledge (in the case under scrutiny, scientific and technological knowledge) as superior to other forms.

The suggestion for this new set of questions
follows the analysis present in the text of how an economically selective policy of immigration like exists in Portugal also shelters the present regime that facilitates the legal entrance and residence of highly-skilled immigrants (HSI).
Searching for traces of the indexical within synthetically rendered imagery
Authors: Burford Sam
Published: October 2017

In this article I discuss the attribution of photographic indexicality to synthetic photorealistically rendered images. For some traditionalists the idea of photographic indexicality being associated with a synthetically produced digital image is heresy, while others who are more comfortable with the attribution will look to the underlying computational methods that lie behind this insight. An examination of the underpinnings of the software algorithms that produce these synthetic images points to a class of statistical methods based on Monte Carlo simulation, which employs nondeterministic randomness as a strategy to overcome the overwhelming complexity of the simulations. Expanding on a practice that uses the instrumental nature of these probabilistic algorithms as a means to examine the aesthetic qualities of simulated light, I suggest that these mathematically incomplete simulations capture a referential linkage between subject and image – equivalent to a form of indexicality.
The world unseen: Photography as a probe of particulate materiality
Authors: Doser Michael
Published: October 2017

This article examines the role of photography in the scientific discovery of cosmic radiation and antimatter, showing how a visual medium designed to react to photons was successfully coopted to detect invisible particles and antiparticles through traces left by their collision, so-called annihilation events. The continuous presence of cosmic radiation means that every photograph is always already a double image, carrying both a visible surface formed by photons and a latent image carrying traces of cosmic rays, the latter ‘image’ continuing in its perpetual state of ‘development’. It is the physical irregularity of the photograph exposed to the continuous and uniform shower of cosmic radiation that leads Doser to speculate on image formation not through an external referent but through the internal manipulation of the material substrate.
What is twenty-first-century photography?
Authors: Rubinstein Daniel
Published: October 2017

In the twentieth-century photography was the de-facto face of representation, as the visual arm of an industrial society that thought to reproduce the world as commodity for the consumption by individuals. However, in the twenty-first century this logic of mechanical reproduction is augmented by the (fuzzy) logic of algorithmic processing, which does not require individuals and commodities for its operation, but converts both to packets of data. The task of photography today is not to represent the world as an image, but to explore the conditions that make something like an ‘image’ possible.
Part 7
Authors: Davis Christine , Lyall Scott , Oiticia Helio , Rogers Kenneth , Sloterdijk Peter
Published: October 2017

Entries: Spectral Apostrophe, Toons, Stroop Test, Citizens in a Vat of Dye, Includes text by Christine Davis, Scott Lyall, Helio Oiticia, Kenneth Rogers, Peter Sloterdijk. Artworks by Barbara Balfour, Reena Spaulings, Ryan Ferko, Helio Oiticia, Pamela Rosenkratz, Namsa Leuba, Marc Camille Chaimowicz, Pieter Schoolwerth
Part 1: Introduction
Authors: Davis Christine , Lyall Scott
Published: October 2017

Introduction to issue on Colour
Entre, Dentro, Fuera/Between, Inside, Outside
Authors: Moreda Dannys Montes de Oca , Smith Royce W.
Published: October 2017

Dossier of art projects from the exhibition Entre, Dentro, Fuera/Between, Inside, Outside at the Wifredo Lam Contemporary Art Centre in Havana/ Twelfth edition of the Havana Biennial.

Artists: Pedro Lasch, Susana Delahante Matienzo, Elizabeth Stevenson, Levi Orta, Stephanie Syjuco, Omar Estrada, Adonis Ferro, Guillermo Ramírez Malberti, Agnes Chávez.
Mountains with a Broken Edge: A dossier
Authors: Delgado Gretel Medina , Lazo Direlia
Published: October 2017

Dossier of art projects from Mountains with a Broken Edge, a project that the authors curated with Wilfredo Prieto, in which artists from Japan to Serbia revitalize an abandoned bicycle factory in one of Havana’s new cultural hubs.

Artists: Abraham Cruzvillegas, Michael François, Ryan Gander, Pierre Huyghe, Gabriel Kuri, Tatiana Mesa, Helen Mirra, Navid Nuur, Roman Ondák, Shimabuku, Roman Signer, Ariel Schlesigner.
The Violence of the Image: Photography and International Conflict
Authors: Gray Christina
Published: October 2017

Review of Retracing the Expanded Field: Encounters between Art and Architecture (2014), Spyros Papapetros and Julian Rose (eds), Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 272 pp., ISBN: 9780262027595.
Miss Bienal inaugurates La Primavera del Amor: Genesis of a platform for research and intercultural artistic production in Cuba, June 2014–June 2015
Authors: Sicot Catherine
Published: October 2017

French curator Catherine Sicot on her France-Canada-Cuba project, La primavera del amor (‘The Springtime of Love’), an international experimental platform for research and artistic production in Cuba (Havana and suburbs), in development since the spring of 2014.
Expanded architecture
Authors: Ysla Nelson Herrera
Published: October 2017

Dossier of art projects from the twelfth edition of the Havana Biennial (2015).

Artists: Raúl Morilla, 2boys.tv, Tirzo Martha and David Bade, Shilpa Gupta, Héctor Zamora, Francisca Benítez, Víctor Ekpuk, Gilberto Esparza, Nikolaus Gansterer, Dr. Lakra, Didier Faustino, Stéphane Gilot, Ingrid Mwangi and Robert Hutter, Humberto Diaz, Peter de Cupere.
Introduction
Authors: Lord Susan , Moreda Dannys Montes de Oca , Zarza Zaira
Published: October 2017

Introduction to PUBLIC 52: Havana
‘The aesthetics of austerity’
Authors: Crow Liz , Zaiontz Keren
Published: October 2017

UK-based art-activist Liz Crow discusses the challenges of making socially engaged, political art and performance in a climate of austerity. She reflects on the euphoric moment of the 2012 Paralympics Games, and the contradictory experiences that resulted for people with disabilities who were simultaneously lauded as ‘superhumans’ and castigated as ‘scroungers’. Crow talks about the dialogic works she created to counter these unattainable – and implicitly discriminatory – categories including two durational works, Bedding Out (2012–2013) and Figures (2015). Figures, a mass sculptural durational performance, testifies to the far-reaching effects of austerity measures and also holds the potential of serving as an alternative ‘legacy’ archive of the London Summer Games. A foldout of selected images and text from the Figures project is printed in Part 4: ‘Suspending Freedom, Sustaining Spectacle’ of this special issue.
Calgary (1988): A cultural Olympiad avant la lettre
Authors: Bennett Susan
Published: October 2017

Bennett’s article reviews the Olympic Arts Festival at the 1988 Winter Olympic Games held in Calgary. She examines the importance of this event to the aspirations of a modestly sized prairie city and its implications for local artists. An exhibition at the city’s GlenbowMuseum, ‘The Spirit Sings’, serves as an important case study for considering the social, cultural and political rights of First Nations in Canada and provides key questions for challenging ideas of ‘legacy’ and ‘impact’ in the context of mega-event production.
‘Public Art as Collective Practice’: ‘Collective Breath Poster’
Authors: Gabie Neville
Published: October 2017

UK-based artist Neville Gabie discusses the turns his art practice has taken since his Olympic Park residency in the lead up to the 2012 London Summer Games. Gabie reflects on his counter-Olympic initiative, The Greatest Possible Distance (2012) as well as his more recent residency at the Cabot Institute, which led to a series of formally experimental works entitled, Experiments in Black and White (2012–2013). This series served as the impetus for Gabie’s ephemeral, socially engaged work, Collective Breath. A poster that documents the Collective Breath project is printed in Part 4: ‘Suspending Freedom, Sustaining Spectacle’ of this special issue.
Olympian performance: The cultural economics of the opening ceremony of London 2012
Authors: McKinnie Michael
Published: October 2017

The 2012 Olympic Games in London opened with a ceremony staged by theatre and cinema director, Danny Boyle. Its set-piece show, Isles of Wonder, was performed by a professional and community cast in the newlybuilt Olympic Stadium in the city’s east end. This article considers Isles of Wonder as both a theatrical and economic event that staged two models of political economy simultaneously: a theatrically Keynesian one and an infrastructurallyrentier one. It argues that the discomfiting pleasure of Isles of Wonderresulted, in large measure, from the spectatorial experience of watching this interplay happen.
Technology intensity and outward foreign direct investment from the Indian manufacturing sector: A firm-level analysis
Authors: Mehta Swati
Published: October 2017

Outward foreign investment from developing countries is not a new phenomenon. But its magnitude has increased in recent years. It was found that around 19% of FDI emanated from developing countries during the period 2011–2013. The share of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from India also increased from 0.01% during 1980–1982 to 0.48% during 2011–2013. As a percentage of GDP, OFDI from India was 0.37%, which increased to 5.68% in 2010 and to 6.23% in 2013. Thus, the aim of this article is to present the overall pattern and trend of OFDI from India. Second, the article tried to examine the factors that determine OFDI from different technology-intensive – high-technology (HT) and low-technology (LT) – industries from a developing country, India. To this end, two manufacturing industries – pharmaceuticals from among HT industries and metals and metal products from the LT subgroup – were chosen. Using firm-level data, the logit model was used to examine the effect of variables like imports, exports, sales, technology, etc. on OFDI. It was found that sales, followed by exports, investment in R&D and outsourced jobs in decreasing order of magnitude, has a prominent impact in determining the choice of OFDI for firms from pharmaceuticals industries, whereas sales and exports has a significant impact in determining the probability of OFDI from firms belonging to the metals and metal products industries. Thus, it could be inferred that the liberal policies since the 1990s, and more so after 2000, towards foreign investment by Indian firms have made more and more Indian firms multinational.
A Educação Inclusiva na Rede Municipal em Juazeiro da Bahia
Authors: Aguiar Francisco Carlos , Ferreira Leide Jane Carvalho , Rosa Adilton Marques , Ferreira Willian Carvalho , Alexandre Lucimara Araújo Campos
Published: October 2017

O presente estudo, trata da inclusão das pessoas com deficiência, na rede municipal na cidade de Juazeiro da Bahia. Em vista disto, ele irá identificar quais as principais barreiras encontradas para a integração das pessoas com deficiência, em uma de sala na rede pública de ensino. Os procedimentos metodológicos para constituição dos dados da pesquisa, foi de natureza quali-quantitativa e exploratória, mediante um questionário com perguntas abertas, e um outro questionário com perguntas fechadas, complementando mais o estudo pesquisado. A resultante dos dados, mostra que tanto os familiares como os docentes, reconhecem que as barreiras existem relacionados as pessoas com deficiência, mas eles têm buscados uma interação entre ambos para integrar a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência, em uma sala de aula na rede de ensino.