bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age is a significant biomarker for the selection of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Lin Yihong , Yu Xiongbin , Lu Linbin , Chen Hong , Wu Junxian , Chen Yaying , Lin Qin , Wang Xuewen , Chen Xi , Chen Xiong
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The optimal timing of combined chemotherapy with radiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) is undetermined. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by radiotherapy (RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS: Five hundred and thirty-eight patients diagnosed with LA-NPC and treated with NACT + RT or CCRT alone were enrolled in the study. Restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) was used to determine the relationship between age and the hazard Ratio of death. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate overall survival (OS) related to NACT + RT or CCRT alone. Cox proportional hazards models were used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: Compared with the CCRT alone regimen, the NACT + RT regimen showed a significantly better OS rate with a 62% decreased risk of death in a subgroup of patients aged ⩾ 45 years (hazard ratio, HR: 0.38; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.24–0.61). In patients aged < 45 years, the risk of death was significantly increased when NACT + RT was chosen compared with CCRT (HR: 4.10; 95% CI: 2.09–8.07). CONCLUSIONS: Age is a significant biomarker when selecting NACT + RT or CCRT alone in patients with locally advanced NPC.
MKRN1/2 serve as tumor suppressors in renal clear cell carcinoma by regulating the expression of p53
Authors: Yang Yun , Luo Yanyan , Huang Shuting , Tao Yonghui , Li Chuanyin , Wang Chengcheng
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) belongs to renal cell carcinoma which is a very aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. The MKRN family includes three members MKRN1, MKRN2 and MKRN3, which are closely related to cancers, and have been involved in many studies. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the roles of MKRN family in KIRC. METHODS: The expression of MKRNs was analyzed using the UALCAN database, prognostic analysis was performed with the GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier Plotter database, and correlation analysis was assessed by GEPIA2. The CCK-8 and colony formation assay were performed to detect cell proliferation, wound healing assays were performed to detect cell migration, cell cycles were detected by flow cytometry analysis, GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays were performed to detect the interaction of proteins, and the expression of MKRNs, p53 and other proteins were detect by immunoblotting analysis or quantitative PCR (qPCR). RESULTS: MKRN1 and MKRN2 were lowly expressed in KIRC samples compared to the corresponding normal tissues, and KIRC patients with high levels of MKRN1 and MKRN2 showed higher overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) rates. The overexpression of MKRN1 and MKRN2 inhibited the proliferation of human KIRC cells by arresting the cell cycles, but shows little effect on cells migration. The expression of MKRN1 and MKRN2 are correlated, and MKRN1 directly interacts with MKRN2. Moreover, both MKRN1 and MKRN2 were closely correlated with the expression of TP53 in KIRC tumor, and promoted the expression of p53 both at protein and mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that MKRN1 and MKRN2 serve as tumor suppressors in KIRC, and act as promising therapeutic targets for KIRC treatment.
Rs9679162 genotype predicts prognosis of real-world advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by sorafenib
Authors: Lin Chih-Lang , Chien Rong-Nan , Chen Li-Wei , Chu Yu-De , Yeh Chau-Ting
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Sorafenib and lenvatinib are tyrosine kinase inhibitors widely used in the targeted therapy to treat advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC). The GALNT14-rs9679162 genotype is a predictor of therapeutic outcome in multiple gastrointestinal cancers. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive role of the GALNT14-rs9679162 genotype in aHCC treated with sorafenib or lenvatinib. METHODS: Totally 350 real-world patients with aHCC received sorafenib or lenvatinib were enrolled for GALNT14-rs9679162 genotyping and outcome analysis. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were conducted to evaluate therapeutic outcomes. Cell-based assays were performed to determine the underlying mechanism. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis showed that the “GG” genotype was not associated with overall survival (OS) when all patients were included. However, it was associated with shorter OS in specific clinical subgroups, including anti-hepatitis C virus antibody-positive (n= 108; P= 0.005) and hepatitis B surface antigen-negative (n= 117; P= 0.002) patients. Intriguingly, hepatitis B virus X protein trans-suppressed the GALNT14 promoter, thereby reducing the elevated expression of GALNT14 in hepatoma cells, which partially contributed to the inability of the GALNT14-rs9679162 genotypes to predict the outcome of hepatitis B-related HCC. Finally, by analyzing the outcomes of 52 patients with aHCC treated with lenvatinib, patients with the “GG” genotype were associated with a favorable/shorter time-to-response (P= 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The GALNT14-rs9679162 “GG” genotype predicted shorter OS in patients with HBsAg-negative aHCC treated with sorafenib, but predicted a favorable response in all patients with aHCC treated with lenvatinib.
On the complexity of algebraic numbers, and the bit-complexity of straight-line programs
Authors: Allender Eric , Balaji Nikhil , Datta Samir , Pratap Rameshwar
Published: March 2023

We investigate the complexity of languages that correspond to algebraic real numbers, and we present improved upper bounds on the complexity of these languages. Our key technical contribution is the presentation of improved uniform [Formula: see text] circuits for division, matrix powering, and related problems, where the improvement is in terms of “majority depth” (initially studied by Maciel and Thérien). As a corollary, we obtain improved bounds on the complexity of certain problems involving arithmetic circuits, which are known to lie in the counting hierarchy, and we answer a question posed by Yap.
A 10 step checklist for starting FAIR discussions in your community: Call for contributions
Authors: Belliard Frédérique , Maineri Angelica , Plomp Esther , Ramos Padilla Andrés Felipe , Sun Junzi , Jeddi Maryam Zare
Published: March 2023

The article aims at starting a conversation around a 10-step checklist providing practical recommendations on how to facilitate community discussions around the creation of standards to implement FAIR.
Basic study on high precision positioning in electromagnetic valve drive system for improving internal combustion engine using linear actuator
Authors: Kuroda Jumpei , Majima Yuhei , Ogawa Kazuki , Ikeda Keigo , Kato Taro , Endo Ayato , Narita Takayoshi , Kato Hideaki
Published: March 2023

In recent years, further improvements in the performance of internal combustion engines to reduce environmental burden have been demanded. The combustion state of an engine is affected by the parameters of the dynamic valve system, such as the opening/closing timing and the lift of the intake and exhaust valves. Therefore, we investigate an electromagnetic valve-drive system in this study. Two models are created to improve the magnetic circuit and increase thrust. To investigate the thrust characteristics of these actuators, an electromagnetic field analysis is conducted using the finite element method. Meanwhile, to investigate the effect of the yoke material on the thrust, an electromagnetic field analysis is performed based on materials with different saturation magnetic flux densities and magnetic permeabilities.
Maximising Net Zero in Energy-Intensive Industries: An Overview of AI Applications for Greenhouse Gas Reduction
Authors: Saggar Atul , Nigam Bhawna
Published: March 2023

The impact of global warming on the environment is a significant concern, and finding effective ways to address climate change is a priority. This paper investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be utilised to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and support efforts to combat climate change, with a particular focus on the chemical industry. The study presents a theoretical framework and comparative analysis of both technological and non-technological solutions to achieve net-zero GHG emissions and establish a carbon-neutral status in the chemical industry. The aim is to assess the potential role of AI as a tool for reducing CO2 emissions from the chemical industry and contributing to the global goal of achieving net-zero CO2 emissions. The analysis will evaluate the efficacy of AI as a tool in reducing GHG emissions in the chemical industry and explore its potential for optimising processes, predicting and reducing emissions, and supporting the development of sustainable practices. By utilising AI, it may be possible to identify and implement effective solutions that may not have been possible through conventional methods. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to address climate change by highlighting the potential of AI as a tool for reducing GHG emissions in the chemical industry.
Evaluation model of green supplier selection for coal enterprises with similarity measures of double-valued neutrosophic sets based on cosine function
Authors: Liu Peng , Geng Xiaonan
Published: March 2023

Coal is a vital basic energy source for any economy in the world, and our country is no exception. Our coal resources are abundant, with high production and demand, not comparable to oil and natural gas. The coal supply chain plays an equally important role in economic production, but unfortunately, the current coal supply chain is not focused on greening while creating profits. Unfortunately, the current coal supply chain does not focus on green production and energy conservation and emission reduction while creating profits, which has caused irreversible harm and loss to resources and environment. This has caused irreversible damage and loss to resources and the environment. The green supplier selection for coal enterprises is affirmed as multiple attribute decision making (MADM). In such paper, motivated by the idea of cosine similarity measure (CSM), the CSMs are extended to DVNSs and four CSMs are created under DVNSs. Then, two weighted CSMs are built for MADM under DVNSs. Finally, a numerical example for Green supplier selection for coal enterprises is affirmed and some comparative algorithms are produced to affirm the built method.
Hematological and biochemical profiles in children with cerebral palsy: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khandelwal Rohit , Manjunath Vivek Vankalapati , Mehta Leeni , Mangajjera Shivalingappa Bussenahalli
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE: Cerebral palsy is a common pediatric neurological problem that has multiple comorbidities, including nutritional issues. Hematological and biochemical parameters significantly affect the health status of patients with cerebral palsy, and till now very few studies have analyzed these parameters. This study aimed to describe the hematological and biochemical parameters of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. METHODS: This four-year observational study included children with cerebral palsy who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of a medical college teaching hospital. Hemoglobin, platelet count, white blood count (WBC), red blood cells (RBCs), packed cell volume, RBC indices, and biochemical parameters (urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, electrolytes, calcium and alkaline phosphatase) were noted and values (mean, standard deviation, and interquartile range) presented. Age and gender-based analyses were performed. RESULTS: The average hemoglobin level was 11.48 mg/dl, platelet count was 301.24×109/L, and WBC count was 11.13 109/L. Anemia was observed more commonly in males younger than nine years of age. Of 282 patients, 14 (4.96%) had a platelet count of less than 150×109/L. Abnormal alkaline phosphatase levels were observed more commonly in patients who were younger than nine years of age and in females more than males, and the difference was statistically significant. Protein levels and calcium levels were similar between both age groups. CONCLUSION: Anemia was more common in younger patients and males with cerebral palsy. Abnormal bone turnover markers (alkaline phosphatase) were more common in young patients and females with cerebral palsy. Understanding the differential effect of age and gender on various investigational parameters will help improve care of children with cerebral palsy by initiating appropriate and timely clinical interventions, thereby providing a better quality of life.
Measuring violence in war-torn countries: A political challenge for development, peace and security
Authors: Pérouse de Montclos M.-A.
Published: March 2023

This article examines the data, indicators, statistical categories and tools used to measure levels of violence in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It shows that the methodologies used remain an area of contest and can distort the results, making the situation appear worse than it actually is. It therefore calls for a reconsideration of the link between development, peace and security.
An international survey of experiences and attitudes towards pacing using a heart rate monitor for people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Clague-Baker Nicola , Davenport Todd E. , Madi Mohammad , Dickinson Kathryn , Leslie Karen , Bull Michelle , Hilliard Natalie
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) is a complex, multi-system neurological condition. The defining feature of ME is post-exertional malaise (PEM) with over 30 symptoms triggered by physical, cognitive, emotional and social activity. The cause of PEM is unclear but one area of research using cardio-pulmonary exercise tests show a reduced ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) with repeated tests leading to PEM. Pacing with heart rate monitoring (HRM) provides feedback to maintain activity intensity below the VAT. There is only one piece of research investigating the use of HRM although a number of guidelines recommend it. OBJECTIVE: To identify the experiences and attitudes of people with ME towards HRM. METHODS: A 40 question online survey was devised and released on ME websites, Twitter and Facebook pages. People with ME read the information sheet and followed an online link to the survey. The survey was open for three weeks and all answers were anonymous. RESULTS: 488 people with ME completed the survey. Most participants were female, 35-50 years and with a reported illness of greater than 5 years. Over 100 types of HR monitor used. Over 30 benefits and over 30 negatives identified. HRM reduced severity of ME and severity and duration of PEM. CONCLUSION: Although there are limitations, HRM has many benefits including helping PwME to understand and manage their PEM and support them to increase their activities, including work. There is a need for more research and education of healthcare professionals in the safe use of HRM.
Worker role perceptions and work participation among people with mental health issues taking part in interventions focusing on everyday life
Authors: Eklund Mona , Bäckström Martin
Published: March 2023

Background: Knowing whether interventions addressing everyday life as a whole can affect work readiness for people with severe mental health issues would be important for how to develop support. Objective: To compare two groups of people with mental health problems, receiving either of two types of 16-week activity-based interventions, Balancing Everyday Life (BEL) or Care as Usual (CAU), regarding work readiness in terms of perceived worker role and satisfaction with recent work experience. Changes from baseline (T1) to completed intervention (T2) and a six-month follow-up (T3) and variables of potential importance to changes were also explored. Methods: This cluster RCT recruited participants for BEL (n = 133) and CAU (n = 93) from specialized and community-based psychiatry. Questionnaires addressing work readiness and potentially influencing variables (sociodemographic, clinical, type of intervention, work experience, non-work activity factors, social interaction and self-esteem) were used. Mixed model regression analyses were employed. Results: Positive changes occurred for both groups in one worker role aspect (resources for a future worker role) and in satisfaction with recent work participation. Satisfaction with non-work everyday activities, having valued activities, and self-esteem were important for change in the work readiness variables, whereas intervention type, age, sex or general activity level were not. Conclusion: Both interventions yielded equally positive work readiness outcomes. Support that emphasizes engagement in satisfying and valued everyday activities and boosts self-esteem would be a potential way to help people with mental health issues develop work readiness in terms of the worker role and satisfaction with work participation.
Investigating Effective Problem-Solving Techniques for Mathematics Used by Primary Students in Private Sector Schools of Islamabad
Authors: Saleem Tooba , Farooq Mahreen , Mahmood Nasir
Published: March 2023

Problem-solving occupies a significant place in the field of mathematics and math education. The main objective of the current study was to examine the effective problem-solving techniques used by the students in mathematics at primary level in private sector schools of Islamabad. This research was quantitative in nature. A cross-sectional survey design and survey questionnaire was used. The six-point rating scale was used to collect responses from the students. The validity of questionnaire was ensured by Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) whereas, the reliability of tools was checked through Cronbach’s alpha using SPSS. In order to conduct the current research, data was collected from the (n = 400) students of 16 campuses of Roots Millennium School. Students were selected through cluster random sampling technique. It was found through descriptive analysis that the students use metacognitive problem solving techniques more frequently as compared to heuristic techniques at primary level. Moreover, it was also investigated that the higher and lower achievers used different strategies under heuristic and metacognitive problem solving techniques. Higher achievers used more than one strategy sometimes related to heuristic techniques and sometimes used both. The results revealed that the male students preferred heuristic visualization of word problem strategy more frequently than female students.
Impact of Teachers' Instructional Techniques on Student Involvement in Class: A Case Study
Authors: Afzal Ayesha , Rafiq Shahid
Published: March 2023

The current research aimed to explore the relationship between university students' class involvement and teachers' instructional techniques. The major goal of this research was to identify the elements of university teachers' instructional techniques that are most important in ensuring that students participate in class to the maximum. Students from the University of Education, Lahore was the study's population. 300 students, chosen at random from the university's several faculties, made up the sample. To gather data, a standardized, structured questionnaire was utilized. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22nd, and multiple linear regression and correlation were used to determine the relationship between the variables. The findings showed that teachers' instructional strategies are critical in enhancing student involvement in class. In order to ensure that students participate in class, it was also discovered that different teachers use different instructional techniques. Teachers implement a variety of strategies to enhance student participation in class. The research indicates that supportive and concerned teachers are more successful than those who focus on content knowledge and challenging situation. Findings also showed that although students participate in class interactions, they make less attempts to start them. The study came to the additional conclusion that because teachers' instructional techniques positively impact students' class involvement, innovative instructional techniques learned by university teachers can optimize students' class involvement, which ultimately leads to excellent academic achievement for students.
Tackling Tradition in Education
Authors: Sage Rosemary
Published: March 2023

What do we mean by tradition in education? Why is the idea a travesty of reality? Is this important? With 60%+ students worldwide not reaching required educational standards to cope with life it is time to review policies and practices. Problems in achieving this, due to reliance on tradition and culture, are defined within the context of the history of education and a society changing more rapidly than ever before. We make mistakes, exaggerate, skew and suppress truths not in our interests to maintain a comfortable status quo. The Article clarifies these ideas and explain why there is urgent need for change if wanting world peace and progress.
The Effect Of Individual Counseling On Psychological Well Being Broken Home Students At High School Medan
Authors: Nur'aini Nur'aini
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of individual counseling on the psychological wellbeing of broken home students at high school Medan in the 2020/2021 academic year. This type of research is a quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test one group design. The subjects in this study were 4 broken home students with low levels of psychological wellbeing. The instrument used is the psychological wellbeing scale of broken home students. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test to see if there was an effect of individual counseling on the psychological wellbeing of broken home students. The results of the analysis of the average pre-test score obtained were 106, while the average post-test score was 198.25. then the difference in score changes is 92.25, meaning that of the four subjects, there is an increase in psychological wellbeing of 87.02%. From the results of the Wilcoxon test, it is obtained that Count = 4 while Jtable = 0. From the table of critical values J for the Wilcoxon marked level test with n = 4, = 0.05, the result is Jcount > Jtable, which is where n > 0, meaning the hypothesis that reads There is an acceptable effect of individual counseling on the psychological wellbeing of broken home students at high school Medan.
Phasmatodea of Jamaica, part II: a new genus of the Diapheromerini tribe (Phasmatodea, Occidophasmata, Diapheromeridae)
Authors: Bellanger Yannick , Jourdan Toni , Lelong Philippe , Penet Laurent
Published: March 2023

A new genus of stick insect from Jamaica is described, Jamanistria n. gen., which includes three species previously assigned to the genus Clonistria Stål, 1875, and one new species discovered by the authors in 2018, J. xerophila n. sp., described in both sexes and the egg. The previously unknown female and egg of Jamanistria annulipes (Rehn & Hebard, 1938) n. comb., male and egg of J. simplicitarsis (Gray, 1835) n. comb., female and egg of J. monticola (Rehn & Hebard, 1938) n. comb. are described here for the first time. A barcoding study based on COI gene of three species of the genus is presented and supports the species delimitations.
Hierodula transcaucasica continues its invasion of Western Europe (Mantodea, Mantidae)
Authors: Moulin Nicolas , Rouard Julien
Published: March 2023

Hierodula transcaucasica Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, is here reported for the first time in France. A well settled and probably widespread population of this species is discussed. Some considerations of the potential impacts on the local ecosystems and its future spreading in Europe as an invasive species are given.
Forced Marriage: The Authority of Custom Law in The Practice of Marriage In Kerinci, Jambi
Authors: Puspita Mega , Naf'an Abdul Wahab
Published: March 2023

This study discusses the authority of customary law in the practice of forced marriage in the community of Lekuk Limapuluh Tumbu Lempur, Kerinci, Jambi. Forced marriages were carried out against men and women who went out together and only returned after 20.00. They have to get married, even though they are not willing to do so, they are not even asked to be willing at all. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, and documentation. This study shows that the decision to implement forced marriages was issued by four elements holding customary authority, namely the depati, ninik mamak, alim ulama, and cerdik pandai. This punishment is enforced in order to maintain religious rules, because a man and a woman who travel together until late at night have the potential to commit various violations of religious norms, especially adultery. The application of the forced marriage rule is intended as a preventive measure against these violations. Here the role of adat is to make forced marriage as a customary punishment intended to maintain religious norms.
Penolakan Permohonan Itsbat Nikah Oleh Hakim di Pengadilan Agama Kelas 1A Padang
Authors: Ilham Aldianto , Azwar Zainal
Published: March 2023

This article explains the application for marriage certificate which was rejected by the Religious Court. This research is focused on what are the reasons that lead to the rejection of the application and what are the efforts, both legal and non-legal, made by the applicant whose application was rejected. This study uses a normative-empirical legal research method with a judicial case study approach. Data was collected from documents and from informants through interviews. The source of the document is in the form of a request document and a judge's decision at the Class 1A Padang Religious Court; while interviews were conducted with applicants whose applications were rejected, from officials at the Office of Religious Affairs, and from officers from the Population and Civil Registry Service. This study shows that there are five reasons for rejection by the Religious Court Class 1A Padang of filing a marriage certificate application, namely because the applicant is still married to another person, the guardian who is marrying is invalid, the marriage is still under public, witnesses cannot provide information that can accepted, and the applicant was not present at the trial. The efforts made by the applicant whose application was rejected were only in the form of non-legal efforts. Of all the cases examined, none of the applicants made further legal efforts in the form of cassation due to their ignorance. They made other efforts in the form of re-marriage at the Office of Religious Affairs and determining the origin of the children.
Politik Hukum Dispensasi Kawin: Membatasi Perkawinan Anak melalui Politik Batas Usia
Authors: Fadhli Ashabul , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Rahmi Fathur , Ramadhan Jelang
Published: March 2023

This study aims to find out the dialectic of formulating the age limit for marriage which took place from the pre-independence period until the issuance of Supreme Court Regulation Number 5 of 2019 concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Applications for Marriage Dispensation. The demand to determine the age limit was first voiced by the women's movement explicitly during the colonial period due to the large number of daughters being married off. Child marriage has been detrimental and has a bad impact on the lives of girls. This research is a normative legal research that uses a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a historical (historical) approach. The results of this study prove that the formulation of the politically negotiated age limit after the independence period did not receive special attention by the Government. Interests in other matters concerning the approval of the Marriage Law are generally more important. The issue of the age limit has received a lot of criticism after Article 7 of Law No. 1/1974 on marriage was judged to be casuistic in terms of legal material and judicial practice. With the promulgation of PERMA Number 5 of 2019 it becomes the determinant of the legal vacuum regarding the application of the age limit rule and the process of adjudicating marriage dispensation cases by judges in the Religious Courts.
Jam Hijriah: Konsep Permulaan Hari dalam Pemikiran E. Darmawan Abdullah
Authors: Zufialina Era , Agustar Armi , Aqilah Asiah
Published: March 2023

There are various views regarding the beginning of the day, both from the perspective of jurisprudence and astronomy. The study of the beginning of the day has long been of concern to previous researchers. The beginning of the day is closely related to the calendar, so existing writings always associate the beginning of the day with the calendar system. In particular, this paper seeks to explain the concept of the Hijriah Hour which is then analyzed in order to find out whether the use of the concept is possible and to find out how the concept of the Hijriah Hour is related to the concept of the beginning of the day. This research is a library research with qualitative analysis methods. The primary source in this study was the book Jam Hijriah by E. Darmawan Abdullah, which was supplemented by other supporting books and writings. After being analyzed, it was found that the Hijri Clock concept would be difficult to use globally. However, the concept of this Hijri Hour is in line with the view of the sunset in the concept of the beginning of the day. But the difference here is that in the Hijri calendar it only makes maghrib a change of day, not a change of hours. While the concept of the Hijri Hour requires that maghrib is the momentum of the change of day as well as the change of hours.
Dimensi Maqasid Syariah dalam Putusan Hakim Atas Perkara Cerai Gugat di Pengadilan Agama Jayapura
Authors: Adiem Muhammad , Yaqin Husnul , Wahib Moh. , Islamy Athoillah
Published: March 2023

This study is intended to look at the dimensions of maqashid sharia in the judge's decision at the Jayapura Religious Court. This aspect of maqasid sharia is important to look at considering that so far there has often been an assumption that judges' decisions in religious courts in Indonesia do not take this aspect into account. This study is a normative-empirical legal study with the type of judicial case study. The data source for this research is the judge's decision at the Jayapura Religious Court number 297/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Jpr. This study shows that the judge's decision at the Jayapura Religious Court already contains maqashid sharia values from the perspective of Jasser Auda. This can be seen from the broad scope of the judge's considerations which not only look at the formal and administrative aspects, but also the systemic implications for the parties, so that the fact of a fight is not only seen as a fight, but also has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of the parties. Likewise, the judge saw the fact of negligence towards the husband's responsibilities in the scope of the life of his wife and children in the future.
COMPONENT FORMATIONS OF PUBLICITY AND FINANCIAL TRANSPARENCY AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL
Authors:   Sumy State University, Zakharkina Liudmyla , Oliinyk Viktor ,   Sumy State University, Chukhno Ruslana ,   Sumy State University
Published: March 2023

The article examines the issues of ensuring information transparency of financial relations at the level of local authorities. The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing methodological and methodical approaches to assessing the level of transparency of local finances and to determine the factors affecting the integral indicator of such an assessment. The relevance of assessing the publicity and transparency of financial relations at the local level, as a component of the mechanism for implementing the control function of finances, is substantiated. An analysis of the latest research and publications on this issue was carried out, which demonstrated the presence of significant interest on the part of Ukrainian scientists in the problem of transparency of local finances. The regulatory and legal prerequisites for the implementation of the principles of financial transparency, which contributed to the emergence of information portals and services that allow monitoring the state of formation and use of financial resources at the national and local levels, have been analyzed. The goal and main tasks of the implementation of the project "Transparency, financial health and competitiveness of municipalities" were considered, within the framework of which the portal "Transparency and financial health of 50 largest cities and 24 regions" was created. The methodological bases of the operation of this project at the stages of information collection, processing, and publication of the results have been determined. The composition and content of the system of indicators, which form integral assessments of the transparency levels of the regions of Ukraine and the 50 largest cities, were analyzed. It was determined that the components of their information policy and the openness of the budgeting procedure have the greatest contribution to ensuring the transparency of the regions. A comparative analysis of the level of transparency of the Sumy region and the cities of the Slobojan region was carried out. The method of determining the transparency rating of TransparentCities, which was developed by the public organization "Transparency International Ukraine", was considered. Based on the research materials, relevant conclusions were drawn and their future prospects were outlined.
ДЕЯКІ АСПЕКТИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧНОГО РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Світовий Олександр
Published: March 2023

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей та деяких аспектів функціонування фармацевтичного ринку України в реаліях сьогодення. Проведено аналіз сучасного стану фармацевтичного ринку, виявлені чинники, які перешкоджають його розвитку. Акцентовано увагу на особливостях збуту фармацевтичних товарів і послуг у період дії воєнного стану на після його завершення. Наголошено на необхідності ухвалення державних цільових програм із підтримки вітчизняних виробників фармацевтичних товарів. Обґрунтовано, що для покращення конкурентоздатності вітчизняних фармацевтичних підприємств необхідно впроваджувати інноваційні продукти, проводити розробку та збільшити виробництво оригінальних ліків. Запропоновані шляхи стимулювання розвитку вітчизняного фармацевтичного виробництва та способи імпортозаміщення лікарських засобів.
ФІНАНСОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ КРАЇНИ
Authors: Чернега Вероніка
Published: March 2023

Фінансове забезпечення закладів вищої освіти є важливою передумовою соціального та економічного розвитку суспільства. Україна має розгалужену та потужну систему закладів вищої освіти, тому питання фінансового забезпечення закладів вищої освіти є особливо актуальним. Вища освіта як складова соціальної функції держави забезпечує ринок праці кваліфікованими спеціалістами, які працюють на розбудову економіки держави. Тож, необхідність забезпечення вищої освіти фінансовими ресурсами для організації освітнього процесу не викликає сумнівів. В умовах глобалізації вища освіта виходить за рамки держави, а отже стає одним з міжнародних інструментів суспільного розвитку. Система фінансового забезпечення вищої освіти повинна реагувати на виклики сучасності, постійно оновлюватись та удосконалюватись. У статті обґрунтовано підвищення ролі фінансового забезпечення вищої освіти як одного з найважливіших інструментів суспільного розвитку держави. Здійснено аналіз впливу вищої освіти на економічне зростання країни та сприянню суспільному розвитку. Окреслено ефективні напрями використання фінансових ресурсів закладів вищої освіти як інструменту соціально-економічного розвитку країни. У статті визначено проблеми та напрями удосконалення існуючої системи вищої освіти з метою підготовки конкурентоспроможних фахівців.
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІКО-МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДЛЯ ДІАГНОСТИКИ ФІНАНСОВОГО СТАНУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Михайлик Ольга
Published: March 2023

На основі узагальнення економіко-математичних методів розглянуто можливість застосування таксономічного аналізу для діагностування фінансового стану підприємства харчової промисловості (ТДВ «Яготинський маслозавод»). За використанням даного підходу проведено аналіз динаміки показників діяльності підприємства та показників, що характеризують фінансовий стан підприємства, визначено вплив даних показників на ефективність управління підприємством. Проведено розрахунки за чотирма групами показників, сформовано матрицю спостережень за період з 2016 року по 2020 рік, стандартизовано показники матриці, визначено координати точки-еталону, визначено «відхилення» між окремими спостереженнями та базовою порівняння, розраховано інтегральний (таксономічний) показник діагностування фінансового стану підприємства.
ОЦІНКА ПОТЕНЦІЙНИХ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ НА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ РІВНІ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ЗАСОБІВ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ
Authors: Франко Людмила
Published: March 2023

У статті розглянуто можливості використання засобів штучного інтелекту для багатовимірної кластеризації регіонів України в системі оцінювання інноваційної політики. Використовуючи базу даних з 25 об'єктів дослідження та 27 показників, у статті побудовано нейронну мережу інструментами самоорганізуючої карти Кохонена. Процес об'єднує етапи формування та первинної обробки вхідних даних, тестування та навчання даних, побудову самоорганізації карти Кохонена, формування описових характеристик кластерів і обґрунтування висновків. Описові характеристики отриманих кластерів дозволили виділити сильні та слабкі сторони інноваційної політики регіонів у кластері та обґрунтувати потенційні можливості інноваційного розвитку у перспективі. Результати кластеризації підтвердили, що головним завданням державної інноваційної політики у регіонах має бути створення сприятливого інноваційного середовища, поширення практики еко-інновацій, стимулювання цифрової трансформації всіх сфер діяльності, досягнення балансу між фінансуванням інноваційних досліджень і розробок та відповідним результативним споживанням цих коштів тощо.
Публічна служба в Україні : навч.-метод. посібник
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Біла-Тіунова Любов Романівна , Кубаєнко Андрій Володимирович , Стрельников Андрій Вікторович
Published: March 2023

Навчально-методичний посібник призначений для надання допомоги аспірантам, які вивчають дисципліни «Публічна служба в Україні» і «Децентралізація публічної влади». Він може бути використаний також під час вивчення відповідної теми дисциплін «Адміністративне право України», «Адміністративне процесуальне право України», дисциплін навчально-освітньої програми підготовки магістрів зі спеціальності «Публічне управління та адміністрування». Аспірантам запропоновано робочу програму дисципліни, плани семінарських занять, тестові та практичні завдання, питання для самостійної перевірки знань, список рекомендованої літератури.
The International Criminal Court as a 'Transitional Justice' Mechanism in Africa: Some Critical Reflections
Authors: Okafor Obiora C. , Ngwaba Uchechukwu
Published: March 2023

Much scholarly writing on the International Criminal Court (ICC) gives the impression that the Court can function effectively as a primary transitional justice mechanism in Africa, and that it should, indeed, be deployed more or less frequently, liberally and robustly as such. But to what extent can this manner and degree of utilization of the ICC advance the cause of transitional justice on the continent? What, in any case, does transitional justice mean when situated within the broad African context? The article argues that transitional justice orthodoxy in Africa, more so than elsewhere, tends to present itself as significantly more monolithic, stable and settled than it actually is. In addition, it argues that while the ICC’s increasingly central role in transitional justice can lead to some positive consequences, it can also lead to a number of negative effects. The article thus urges a deliberate and systematic attempt to reconceptualize and recalibrate the ICC’s role as a transitional justice agent on the African continent.

 
QUALITY ASSURANCE: A PRESSING PROBLEM FOR EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Almadani Khaled , Reid Norman , Rodrigues Susan
Published: March 2023

Quality assurance in secondary schools (ages about 12-18) and in higher education has been a growth industry for many years, with all kinds of agencies being funded. With apparently endless growth in education at all levels, with insistent demands on more resources, the political pressures in ensuring value for money have increased.
This study looks at what is meant by quality assurance, challenges some of the current procedures and points to some better ways forward for the 21st century. Specifically, it argues that quality assurance must focus on the key goals for education at each stage with the learner always at the focus of all procedures to assess quality. Finally, the study illustrates this approach by considering what 793 secondary students thought of their experiences at the point when they were almost completing their education journey in secondary schools in the Kingdom of Bahrain.
The research aim is to show how focussing on the actual learners can identify key issues that need addressed to enrich education provision. These issues include the emphasising understanding and not memorisation, the need for more groupwork and dialogue, restoring the visual-spatial aspects of learning, re-thinking curriculum balance, and re-examining national examination systems.
The most fundamental question of all is whether quality assurance has improved quality - a key issue for the 21st century?
Key words: national assessment, nature of learning, quality assurance, understanding-memorisation.
EDUCATION AND POVERTY, RELATIONSHIP AND CONCERNS. A CASE FOR KENYA
Authors: Julius Maiyo K. , Bawane Jyoti
Published: March 2023

Poverty has many dimensions and does not merely entail low levels of income or expenditure. According to Sen (1992), poverty is the lack of capability to function effectively in society. Inadequate education can thus be considered a form of poverty. Education is widely accepted as the main exit route from poverty. It is the backbone of growth and development of individuals and the nation. However, its achievement continues to elude many who are poverty stricken. This paper articulates the issues of education and poverty which is related to that of chicken-egg relationships. The study used secondary data from eight provinces in Kenya. The study correlated the poverty headcount with the educational indicators. It emerged from the data that provinces which had less poverty levels (Central-30.4% and Nairobi 29.5%) experienced high literacy rate, high enrolment and low dropout rate, while regions which had higher levels of poverty headcount (North Eastern-73.9% and Coast-69.7%) experienced low literacy rates, and poor academic performance. The study Concluded that extreme poor are denied access to education, poverty hampers learning in developing countries through poor nutrition, health, home circumstances, quality, costs and inadequate resources for education. The study recommends the government to introduce/re-introduce/strengthen school feeding programme, subsidize school uniform and address the issues of opportunity cost for the extreme poor among others.
Key words: education, economic growth, poverty, relationship.
Effects of Particulate Matter on Allergic Rhinitis and Possible Mechanisms
Authors: Jung Hahn Jin , Han Doo Hee
Published: March 2023

Health impacts of particulate matter (PM) have become a global concern. PM tends to affect patients with allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis (AR), more severely. Many epidemiological studies have shown that PM increases outpatient clinic visits as well as the prevalence and severity of AR, while decreasing the quality of life of AR patients. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects of PM on the development and exacerbation of AR are still poorly understood. Various mechanisms are involved in the effects of PM on AR, including immunological response, oxidative stress, epithelial barrier dysfunction, allergic sensitization, and epigenetic modification. This article reviews epidemiological and clinical studies on the effects of PM on AR, and the mechanisms by which PM aggravates AR.
Simulating fish farm enrichment and fallowing impacts reveals unequal biogeochemical recovery of benthic variables
Authors: Hale R , Depree C , Broekhuizen N
Published: March 2023

Finfish aquaculture is playing an increasing role in global food provision, with accompanying increases in benthic impacts under intensive pen production systems. Deposited faeces under and near fish pens affect the seafloor environment and biogeochemical functioning. To maintain healthy coastal environments, many fish farms operate by alternating input and fallowing periods to allow benthic coastal receiving environments to recover from excess organic matter inputs. Here, we used flow-through annular flume mesocosms to simulate sustained organic matter inputs to the benthos with a subsequent fallowing period of no inputs. To quantify the effects of excess organic matter loading on benthic receiving environments, we carried out repeated closed-system flux studies to quantify the benthic carbon mineralisation processes, with a focus on benthic oxygen, inorganic and organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphate, and sulphide fluxes, along with the redox state throughout the input and recovery period. We found that recovery periods were input-dependent, with parameters requiring longer fallowing periods to recover following larger inputs. While some benthic parameter fluxes such as dissolved organic carbon, sulphide, and ammonium returned to their pre-input state relatively rapidly (1-2 mo) following cessation of inputs, others such as sediment oxygen demand, ammonium, and redox required longer (>7 mo) to recover. Our results suggest that in situations where the benthic macrofaunal community has been severely impaired, extended fallowing periods may be required in order to permit the biogeochemical composition of the seabed to return to a more natural state, with implications for farm-consenting permits and planning as well as operational fallowing practices.