bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About not separating art and writing: The unfinished public artwork that studies finished public artwork in New York
Authors: Hackemann Rebecca
Published: January 2015

This article articulates an example of the relationship between practice and theory that utilizes the Freudo-Lacanian approach, of a researching art object. The artwork and the writing are not separate entities, but rather ask the same questions and intervene into public space in New York, and the academic world simultaneously. The Public Utteraton Machines, which will be installed on pavements in New York in 2014, are not finished when installed, because they ask questions.

This article furthermore synthesizes arguments for the relinquishment of traditional notions of the creative magus or genius figure, disengaged with society, in favour of artistic research as a means to forge a coherent connection to the world outside the artists own life world. It argues that the separation between practice (making art) and art history (writing about other art), i.e. an art historical approach to interpreting art, is not the only way to create or interpret public art and writing. Therefore in this case, intervening into the public art discourse in New York where my research takes place, through an unfinished object in space is most appropriate.
Locating culture in precarious times: A study of culture-led regeneration and artistic production in Manchester
Authors: Kidd Daisy
Published: January 2015

The aim of this article is to critically examine a culture-led regeneration project in Manchester. Through specific case studies I am aiming to contribute to the broad discourse around the nature of artistic production and cultural activity in this post-industrial city. This article outlines a new direction for artistic production in the ‘new maker’s economy’ which I am discussing with the intention of drawing out potential issues regarding the future of independent art organizations.
Boundary, Antonio Gramsci, Polyphony: Critical art today
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroki
Published: January 2015

This article explores what the ambiguous notion of ‘critical’ art implies, using the following three terms which I think are important to address the inquiry: ‘boundary’, ‘Antonio Gramsci’ and ‘polyphony’. In this article, I will consider various efficacies of critical art and discuss works that have critical significance. Critical art and projects can be works that aim to draw a new frontier in relation to political issues by interrogating both the visible and the invisible, or it may be that art projects provide an alternative model of sensibility and subjectivity in order to enable us to become subjects, creating another possible society.
The visual representation of queer Bollywood: Mistaken identities and misreadings in Dostana
Authors: Dasgupta Rohit K.
Published: January 2015

Tarun Mansukhani’s Dostana/Friendship (2008) is the first commercial popular feature film from India to exclusively engage in a queer dialogue using the device of ‘mistaken identity’ and ‘misreading’ (Ghosh 2007). This film provides a rich site for studying the traffic between discourses of sexuality, Indian-ness, diaspora and performativity. This article will address the queer representation of these fictional characters and queer framing, analysing the concepts of ‘dosti’ (friendship) and ‘yaarana’ (friendship) and the trope of the homo-social triangle in Hindi cinema. Indian popular cinema unlike European cinema has received quite scant attention within arts criticism and this article attempts to look at both the aesthetic underpinnings of a popular Indian cinema such as Dostana which is also ushering in a new queer cinematic aesthetic within the global cinema discourse. This article was presented at the Global Queer Cinema Network at the University of Sussex and has benefited from the advice and feedback of B. Ruby Rich, Deborah Shaw, John David Rhodes, Nguyen Hoang, Samar Habib, Cuneyt Cakirlar, Juan Suarez and the organizers Rosalind Galt and Karl Schoonover. Finally it has also benefited from intense discussions and debates with fellow Bollywood writer, Steven Baker.
Reviews
Authors: Bird Jon , Dennis Jeffrey , Maclean Mary , Thomas David , Chua Dr Kevin , Hill Dr Peter
Published: January 2015

‘The Show Is Over’, Gagosian Gallery, London 15 October–30 November 2013

‘I Cheer a Dead Man’s Sweetheart: 21 Painters in Britain’, De La Warr Pavilion, Bexhill-on-Sea, 15 March–29 June 2014

Rudolf Stingel at the Palazzo Grassi, Venice 7 April–31 December 2013

‘Paul Boston: Stone Clouds’ at Niagara Galleries, Melbourne, Australia 4 February–1 March 2014

‘Painting in Singapore’, Equator Art Projects, Singapore 2 August–8 September 2013

‘Melbourne Now’, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne 22 November 2013–23 March 2014
Visual Essay
Authors: Reed David
Published: January 2015

This visual essay explores the themes discussed in the accompanying essay, Jackson Pollock and Piero della Francesca Ride Lonesome and in particular the relationship between David Reed’s painting and the cinematic practice and space in Budd Boetticher’s film Ride Lonesome from 1959.
‘All that is behind colour’: Antonioni and painting (three case studies)
Authors: Benci Jacopo
Published: January 2015

This article explores how painting was an important visual source in the films of Michelangelo Antonioni (1912–2007), through case studies dealing with three painters whose work he was interested in and whom he was personally acquainted with: Renzo Vespignani (1924–2001), Giorgio Morandi (1890–1964) and Mark Rothko (1903–1970). The question of when and how contacts occurred between the director and the artists has been carefully analysed, by way of a detailed examination of published sources as well as unpublished eyewitness accounts.
The unscripted image
Authors: Talbot Emma
Published: January 2015

The article compares and discusses Ken Loach and Mike Leigh’s very different and distinct strategies for realist film-making. Loach’s use of the script is compared to the use of photography in painting with reference to ‘The Painting of Modern Life’ exhibition at the Hayward Gallery (2007), and Mike Leigh’s experimental, improvised and unscripted approach is compared to Carel Weight’s painting The Friends (1968) that uses observation and experience.
Polycentrism in contemporary dance
Authors: Nelson Matthew
Published: January 2015

The concept of a single embodied centre is an important part of modern dance training and aesthetics, and is particularly applicable to spinal movement. Polycentrism, a concept that has arisen though analysis of Africanist dance aesthetics, can also be identified in contemporary dance. Polycentric aspects of spinal connectivity are supported by somatic and biomechanical studies, and offer additional possibilities for movement aesthetics, efficiency and health. How might our pedagogies, aesthetics and world-view integrate polycentric approaches to spinal connectivity?
Landscapes of loss: Moving and mourning – An autobiographical account
Authors: Poynor Helen
Published: January 2015

This reflective autobiographical essay written from an experiential perspective investigates how closely kinaesthetic, emotional and spiritual experiences can be interwoven through movement, encompassing embodied practice, intense feeling and personal ritual. As a movement artist and therapist the author explores how her personal experience of loss was embodied and expressed in a series of moments of movement that took place both in the studio and in the wider environment, in the context of her ongoing practice of non-stylized and environmental movement. It includes detailed analysis of these moments in terms of the movement and actions undertaken and the symbolic and personal significance of them as part of a broader process of grieving. It provides insight into how an embodied expression of mourning might offer a alternative to our English culturally acceptable expressions of grief, a kinaesthetic equivalence of the poetic expression of authors such as T. S. Elliot and Rainer Maria Rilke.
Reviews
Authors: Cacalano Vincent , Roche Jennifer
Published: January 2015

Process-Product: International festival of improvised dance (2013)

Body and Performance, Sandra Reeve (2013) Devon: Triarchy Press, 185 pp., ISBN: 978-1-909470-16-3, p/bk, £20.00
Collage, montage and the composer Pierre Henry: The real, the concrete, the abstract in sound art and music
Authors: Dack John
Published: January 2015

In his book Theory of the Avant-Garde ([1974] 1984) Peter Bürger claims that the technique of ‘collage’ introduced ‘reality fragments’ into paintings. He went on to emphasize the fundamental importance of both ‘collage’ and ‘montage’: ‘A theory of the avant-garde must begin with the concept of montage that is suggested by the early cubist collages’. For Bürger the consequences of using ‘reality fragments’ were profound: the artwork was transformed and, as a result, the ‘organic’ nature of art itself was challenged. In many ‘collages’ the artist ensures that ‘reality fragments’ coexist (uneasily perhaps) with painted, abstract representations of the world. This article explores these topics within the context of teaching a module on the undergraduate Fine Art course at Middlesex University. The teaching is seminar-based in groups of up to fifteen students with a particular emphasis on understanding the relationships between practical work and underlying theoretical assumptions. In order to tease out these relationships I introduce examples from the works of the French composer Pierre Henry who collaborated with Pierre Schaeffer at the very beginnings of musique concrète. Henry’s work is chosen as an example of the tension between the ‘real-world’ sounds and their possible meanings. The split between Henry and Schaeffer was in hindsight inevitable given the former’s insistence on exploiting the significance and intrinsic beauty of ‘real-world’ sounds. By using terminology from Fine Art critiques of the avant-garde I shall demonstrate in this article that many of Henry’s later compositions can be examined by means of formal concepts such as ‘collage’ and ‘montage’ within a pedagogical framework. Problematic terms such as ‘abstract’ and ‘concrete’ will also form part of this enquiry.
Displaying the beauty: The beachcomber-bowerbird approach to composition
Authors: Whistlecroft Lisa
Published: January 2015

The ‘call for papers’ for the conference From Tape to Typedef: Compositional Methods in Electroacoustic Music, held at the University of Sheffield in January 2013, described a number of possible compositional methods, of which the very first was: ‘In some cases, composers rely upon serendipity – sounds are “found”, processing is inherently experimental, and the electroacoustic work emerges gradually, without predetermination or planning’. This article proposes a name for this method, drawing parallels between the author’s methods in musical composition and her ‘window ledge practice’, illustrated with photographs. Questions discussed include: is ‘searching’ a necessary prerequisite for ‘finding’? If sound processing is used less as a compositional process and more as a realm in which the same ‘finding’ process takes place, how does this change the composer’s approach to tools? Are the aesthetic decisions involved in selection (defined as effective rejection) similar to those assumed to act in ‘creation’? Can the compositional process, as well as the sound selection process, be ear-led rather than pre-planned? Is an intuitive, un-formalized practice academically valid? How can knowledge and skills be developed? Can it be taught or only mentored? Discussion is rooted in an account of the author’s own practice and is presented informally in the first person.
Tracking production strategies: Identifying compositional methods in electroacoustic music
Authors: Moore Adrian , Moore Dave , Pearse Stephen , Stansbie Adam
Published: January 2015

In recent years, electroacoustic theorists have drawn attention to the experiences and interpretations of listeners; well-known examples include the writings of Stéphane Roy, Luke Windsor, Christiane Ten Hoopen and Denis Smalley. During the same period, relatively little has been said about the methods and techniques employed by composers during the creation of their works. This article starts by considering some of the reasons why methods have been overlooked within the existing body of literature. It goes on to discuss the existing software tool developed at the University of Sheffield, and explains how this software documents the process chain and affords an interaction with the compositional process. The software is then contextualized within a proposed research project, which aims to further develop the software tools, and deliver a series of complete compositional traces by a number of composers, offering these for compilation and comparison. It finishes by proposing ways in which compositional methods might be identified and analysed.
The ‘religion’ of Christmas
Authors: Deacy Christopher
Published: January 2015

The aim of this article is to query the established wisdom that the celebration of consumerist values, as exemplified in many Christmas films, is evidence of a decline of religious significance in the modern world. Rather, I argue that the celebration of consumerism is itself a repository of ‘sacred time’ and that Christmas is one of the most fertile embodiments of religious activity in the world today. I interrogate the way in which Eliade, Tillich and Durkheim understand the relationship between religion and culture, the sacred and the profane, to present a more subtle understanding of the interplay between material and spiritual configurations, to the point that Christmas is a religion because of rather than in spite of its material and commercialized teleology. The intention is to move away from conventional binary language in order to develop a more sophisticated and realistic understanding of where religion can be encountered.
Thematic segmentation and acting style in Journey to the Christmas Star
Authors: Antunes Luis Rocha
Published: January 2015

Reisen til Julestjernen/Journey to the Christmas Star, released in Norwegian cinemas in 1976, was first broadcast by the Norwegian public service television station NRK in 1993, almost twenty years later. In 1996 came a repeat broadcast; since then it has been shown every year, becoming part of Norwegian Christmas ritual. What explains that an apparently dated film has attracted renewed and ongoing interest from audiences and media programmers decades later? This short subject investigates thematic segmentation and physical acting as a partial answer to this question. This approach establishes that the complexity and depth of the film’s themes contrast with the simplicity of the plot and acting style, allowing profound meanings to be expressed through discrete and exaggerated body language.
The tradition of Christmas Day and Boxing Day film premieres in Sweden, 1913–2012
Authors: Gustafsson Tommy
Published: January 2015

This short subject discusses the 100-year-old Swedish tradition of special film premieres on Christmas Day and Boxing Day.
One really sick TV Christmas calendar: Negotiating identity in ‘Yallahrup Ferry Town’
Authors: Tangherlini Timothy R.
Published: January 2015

The 2007 television Christmas calendar, Yallahrup Færgeby/‘Yallahrup Ferry Town’, upsets the normal conventions of Danish television Christmas specials, shifting attention away from the cosy aspects of the holiday season, and towards unsettling aspects of the contemporary urban Danish landscape. The 24-episode series, which uses puppets as part of an easily recognized satire of the classic 1974 Jullerup Færgeby/‘Jullerup Ferry Town’ calendar, focuses on the social challenges confronting two adolescents, Ali and Hassan, as they negotiate life in a dysfunctional urban school. The two boys, whose ethnic heritage is ‘other than Danish’, cycle through nearly all the Orientalist stereotypes of the immigrant in Danish culture, yet manage to emerge at the end of the series with an evolving sense of self that neither plays into the assimilationist policies of the Danish government nor aligns with the crippling stereotypes of criminal immigrant youths unable to find meaningful positions in Danish society.
Satanic Santa: An apocalyptic Christmas in Rare Exports
Authors: Copier Laura
Published: January 2015

Rare Exports: A Christmas Tale deploys a combination of two apparently conflicting narratives: the Christmas and Santa Claus story on the one hand and an apocalyptic story, including the presence of a Satan-like figure, on the other. This results in a film that questions the origins of the Santa Claus story and adds a darker, apocalyptic influence to it.
Generosity and hospitality in Christmas Story
Authors: Laine Tarja
Published: January 2015

This short subject discusses what might be understood as Santa Claus’ essence, which is the logic of and limits to his overarching generosity, as depicted in the film Christmas Story (Wuolijoki, 2007). The plot centres on the orphan Nikolas, who grew up to be Santa Claus. Young Nikolas moves to a new home every Christmas Day, and every Christmas he crafts presents for the children of the family he has left. Thus, at the core of the film lies an interesting vision of the relationship between hospitality and generosity, which is the film’s greatest merit. For many theorists hospitality and generosity are self-contradictory notions, which is why they need to be rethought every time they are put into practice. The article examines the relationship between the two concepts as it emerges from close analysis of Christmas Story.
The social impact of the Acclamation War: Elvas from 1641 to 1668
Authors: FONSECA TERESA
Published: January 2015

This article examines the social changes brought about by the Acclamation War in Elvas, the principal military stronghold of the Portuguese province of the Alentejo, regarded as being key to the defence of the kingdom during the era. Reference is made to the burdens borne by local people
owing to the war, which were made all the heavier in the case of Elvas due to the huge number of soldiers billeted in the city and also because of the geographical proximity of the Spanish military stronghold of Badajoz. Relations between soldiers and civilians are examined: at times there
was hostility and conflict; but there was also co-operation and mutual respect, friendships were forged and family ties were created.
Do parties represent the people? Left-right party congruence across Europe
Authors: BELCHIOR ANA MARIA
Published: January 2015

How ideologically congruent are deputies and voters within European political parties? And which variables best explain left-right party congruence? These are the main questions in this article, which connect to two objectives: describing the left-right congruence situation generated
by European political parties, providing an individual characterization of deputy-voter’s congruence; and providing an explanation that helps account for parties’ ideological congruence. The article aims to empirically update previous research. Supported by data from the European
Representation Studies, it includes political parties from 11 European countries in the sample. The findings reveal that, in respect to the first goal, ideological congruence is more or less similar across countries and parties, showing in particular that the left-wing does not exhibit higher
levels of congruence. On the second goal, it was found that deputies’ ideological position on the right-wing appears to be the most important explanatory variable for left-right party congruence.
Public relations strategies applied to the implementation of a ‘countrybrand’ in the Galicia-north Portugal Euro-region
Authors: SOUTO ANA BELÉN FERNÁNDEZ , GESTAL MONTSE VÁZQUEZ
Published: January 2015

The Galicia-north Portugal Euro-region looks like a future space for university students in Portugal and Galicia. Our research, which is supported by the Spanish ministry of education and science, is about the knowledge they have of it. In it, we present our findings that will be used
to develop a communications strategy that can empower this European structure.
Reviews
Authors: Delicado Ana , Remoaldo Paula Cristina
Published: January 2015

HEADHUNTING AND COLONIALISM: ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE CIRCULATION OF HUMAN SKULLS IN THE PORTUGUESE EMPIRE, 1870–1930, RICARDO ROQUE, (2010) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 342 pp., ISBN: 9780333919088

SOBRE A POBREZA, AS DESIGUALDADES E A PRIVAÇÃO MATERIAL EM PORTUGAL/POVERTY,
INEQUALITIES AND MATERIAL DEPRIVATION IN PORTUGAL, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTATÍSTICA, (2010) Lisbon, Instituto Nacional de Estatística, 200 pp., ISBN: 9789892500812, 5 euros.
The organization of household work in same-sex couples
Authors: Nico Magda Lalanda , Rodrigues Elisabete
Published: January 2015

In response to the predominance of heteronormativity in the studies on household work, this article explores how this work is organized and shared in same-sex couples. For this purpose, a qualitative study (twenty interviews with homosexual couples) was carried out, examining the imbalances,
negotiation process, level of satisfaction and gendered family legacy in the current organization of household work. It was concluded that the absence of the difference in sex in the couple contributed to a more flexible and egalitarian form of negotiating the organization of the tasks. The
women tend towards greater specialization in the tasks and the men towards greater delegation – a reflection of gender socialization.
Generalized social trust in Greece and its association with demographic and socio-economic predictors
Authors: Rontos Kostas , Roumeliotou Myrsine
Published: January 2015

Social or generalized trust has been identified as one of the most important attitudinal elements of social capital and social cohesion, or even described as a social lubricant, which allows the wheels of society to run smoothly. An attempt is made in this article to measure levels
of generalized trust in Greece and explore its association with various demographic and socio-economic factors.

Data draw upon a specific survey conducted in 2007, where a sample of 822 inhabitants of Greece, men and women aged 18 and above, were interviewed. For the purposes of this article,
the ‘generalized trust’ question was explored and associated with various demographic and socio-economic variables. Responses were analysed by Chi-square tests, where the relationship between control variables and the dependent one was explored. At the second stage of data analysis,
a Logistic Regression Model was used.

Statistical analysis of the generalized trust question revealed significant association of generalized social trust with educational level and marital status. More specifically, better-educated individuals tend to exhibit higher levels of trust and
the same seems to apply for the divorced, widowed or those living in cohabitation. As far as age is concerned, results partly confirmed prior surveys, where generalized trust follows a U-curve pattern, with the youngest and the oldest individuals exhibiting higher levels of distrust. In particular,
a simple Chi-square test reveals nuclear statistical significance between age and social trust, while a Logistic Regression Model excludes the former from the final equation. On the other hand, no significant effects were found for other control variables, i.e. gender, employment status and
income.
Communism and the end of the world
Authors: Flisfeder Matthew
Published: January 2015

Drawing on Fredric Jameson's thesis that it is easier to imagine the end of the world than the end of capitalism, this article examines recent representations of communism, anti-communism, and the end of the world, in popular film and television, and argues that both work towards re-enforcing the utopian view that there is no viable alternative to liberal democracy and capitalism. In the context of the ongoing financial crisis and global political uprisings, representations of the apocalypse are being paralleled with a return to images of the 'communist threat'. Here, it is argued that such images aim to dissuade people from thinking about alternatives to the existing system. This article concludes with a discussion of recent reconsiderations of the 'communist hypothesis'.
Ori Gersht: History Repeating: Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Authors: Glessing Jill
Published: January 2015

Review of: Ori Gersht: History Repeating Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Artificial Hells: Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship by Claire Bishop
Authors: Korte Christine
Published: January 2015

Review of: Artificial Hells: Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship by Claire Bishop
The end of the world (as we know it)
Authors: Žižek Slavoj
Published: January 2015

This public lecture by SlavojŽižek was delivered in Toronto's City Hall Council Chambers on 29 September 2012 as part of the Until the End of the World symposium (coorganized by Christine Davis, Scott MacKenzie and Janine Marchessault on behalf of the Public Access Collective), as part of the site-specific Nuit Blanche exhibition 'The Museum for the End of the World'.
The end of the humanities
Authors: Miller Toby
Published: January 2015

'The end of the humanities' is clearly a silly title. It risks mockery for several reasons, the most obvious one being that it is easily disproved by history. Tomorrow you will wake up and there will still be humanities. And there may be many tomorrows. But I actually think the end is coming, at least in the United States. The US version of the humanities is dying, if not rhetorically (it's hard to shut them up) then numerically.
All that's frozen melts into air: Arctic cinemas at the end of the world
Authors: MacKenzie Scott , Stenport Anna Westerståhl
Published: January 2015

Drawing on the concepts of the sublime and the spectacle, this article examines the ways in which global cinemas have often mobilized the trope of the Arctic as the end of the world. Drawing on a radically disparate set of films, including examples from Swedish and Danish art cinema; Cold War documentaries made or supported by the Danish and American governments for both general release and television; 1950s 'True Life Adventures' nature documentaries made by the Disney studio; Creation, a work by American avant-garde film-maker Stan Brakhage; and To the Arctic, a recent IMAX 3D film. We argue that most of these works eradicate the material, cultural and geographical specificity of the Arctic for political and ideological reasons.
A beautiful movie about the end of the World. Director's Statement
Authors: Von Trier Lars
Published: January 2015

The statement below by Lars von Trier on his end of the world film Melancholia (2011) is one of a long line of manifestos, statements, and proclamations von Trier has issued before the release of each of his films. While proclaiming that he wanted to embrace German Romanticism, von Trier's main character Justine (Kirsten Dunst) is far more enveloped by a sense of ennui about the world ending.
OFFSHORE: Extreme oil and our disappearing future
Authors: Longfellow Brenda
Published: January 2015

As we enter the age of the Anthropocene where human activity is fundamentally altering our relationship with the bios, the promise of the future that had been heralded by modernity is rapidly being undermined. The article reflects on our diminishing sense of the future, the end of petroleum and an interactive website entitled OFFSHORE that explores our dark addiction.
The Barrio Mobile Art Studio: The history of an art education programme for Chicanas/os and Mexican immigrants in Los Angeles
Authors: Katzew Adriana
Published: January 2015

The Barrio Mobile Art Studio, an educational outreach programme created in 1975 by the art centre Self Help Graphics, predominantly served Chicano/a and Mexican immigrant populations in East Los Angeles. The paper examines the creation of this programme, its philosophy and pedagogy in the context of the Civil Rights Movement and an agenda for equity and social justice. By examining the training of the artists who became the teachers for the programme, and its impact on the population it served, it brings to light a significant aspect of the history of Self Help Graphics: its innovative educational outreach programme, which has particular relevance to Chicano/a studies, as well as to the broader history of art education in the United States.
Hit with a brick: The teachings of Hoyt L. Sherman
Authors: Torlen Michael
Published: January 2015

This article discusses the pedagogy of Hoyt L. Sherman, a fine arts professor at The Ohio State University from 1932 to 1974, whose approach to art education utilized the psychology and physiology of visual perception as presented in his three pedagogical books – Drawing By Seeing (1947), The Visual Demonstration Center (1951) and Cézanne and Visual Form (1952). The article describes Sherman’s innovations, The Visual Training Laboratory (aka Flash Lab) and the Visual Demonstration Center, comments on two of the demonstrations, and summarizes several of Sherman’s key ideas, arguing that recent studies in neuroscience confirm his thinking. A review of Hoyt Sherman’s pedagogical legacy concludes the article. His most notable student, Roy Lichtenstein, credited Sherman’s ideas on perception and visual unity as a major influence.
Insulin degludec/insulin aspart is the first co-formulation of basal and prandial insulin analogues
Authors: Dedov Ivan Ivanovich , Shestakova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: January 2015

Achievement of glycemic control is the major therapeutic aim to prevent or delay the onset and progression of diabetes related complications. Insulin therapy represents a cornerstone in the treatment of diabetes and has been used widely for achieving glycemic goals. The aim for insulin therapy is to mimic the physiological profile of insulin secretion seen in nondiabetic patients. Development of the insulin analogs has offered new opportunities in the diabetes management to achieve greater safety and tolerability of diabetes treatment. Insulin degludec/insulin aspart(IDegAsp) (Ryzodeg?, Novo Nordisk, Denmark) is the first soluble co-formulation of 70% ultra-long acting insulin degludec and 30% rapid-acting prandial insulin aspart, providing both basal insulin coverage and a prandial insulin bolus in a single injection. This review discusses data regarding the efficacy, safety, tolerability and clinical benefits of IDegAsp. According to the clinical development program IDegAspprovides an achievement of similar glycemic control with superiority in lowering FPG with using less number of injections and lower daily insulin dose, and also associated with numerically lower rates of confirmed and nocturnal confirmed hypoglycaemia in comparison with premixed or basal insulin analogues, as well as a basal component for basal?bolus therapy with supplementary mealtime insulin aspart.Trial results suggest that IDegAspQD or BID maybe an appropriate and reasonable option for initiating insulin therapy in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled on maximal doses of oral antidiabetic drugs,and also a simple alternative to basal?bolus treatment in patients who require intensification of insulin therapy, especially when adherence to more complex regimens is challenging.
In memory of Vitaly R. Klyachko
Authors: Kutuzova Maryana Evgen'evna
Published: January 2015

One hundred and five years ago was born a prominent Russian clinician, scientist and professor Vitaly Klyachko (1909-1977). For eleven years he headed the Department of Diabetology at the Institution for Experimental Endocrinology and Chemistry of Hormones (now Endocrinology Research Centre) and made an enormous contribution to the development of national endocrinology.
Pleiotropic effects of fenofibrate: focus on type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ametov Alexander Sergeevich , Prudnikova Marina Alexandrovna
Published: January 2015

Aims. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of chronic low-grade inflammation in the development of the diabetic neuropathy and the possibility of its medical treatment with fenofibrate (145 mg/day). Materials and Methods. This trial included 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The serum levels of several factors were measured: tumour necrosis factor-? (TNF-?), interleukin-1? (IL-1?), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde levels), haemostasis, uric acid, glycaemic and lipid profile and the peripheral status (electromyography, total symptom score [TSS] and neuropathy impairment score in the lower limbs [NIS-LL]). Follow-up was at 24 weeks. Results. A significant negative correlation was found between the excitation rate of the sural nerve and levels of TNF, IL-6 and CRP (p
Modern diagnostic and treatment aspects of diabetic macular edema
Authors: Doga Alexander Viktorovich , Kachalina Galina Fedorovna , Pedanova Elena Konstantinovna , Buryakov Dmitriy Anatol'evich
Published: January 2015

Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is the leading cause of vision loss and disability in working-age people with diabetes mellitus. This literature review describes pathogenetic mechanisms, concepts, diagnostic techniques and capabilities of novel laser technologies in the treatment of DMO. In recent years, the role of cytokines and growth factors in retinal neurodegeneration has been actively investigated. Modern diagnostic techniques for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema, in addition to conventional techniques, include optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence and microperimetry. These techniques allow the visualization of retinal structures and its functional condition, and they can be used to detect DMO at early stages and to provide the most effective treatment. The evolution of laser technology resulted in the formation of new approaches to DMO treatment. Subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) treatment, in conjunction with conventional photocoagulation, has pronounced therapeutic effects. SML shows high selectivity towards retinal pigment epithelium while avoiding neurosensory retina injury. Owing to the chronic nature of DMO and pathogenetic mechanisms recently discovered, further elaboration of the SML technique appears to be a very promising treatment.
Criteria of immobilization duration of the affected foot in diabetic Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy
Authors: Demina Anastasia Gennad'evna , Bregovskiy Vadim Borisovich , Karpova Irina Al'bertovna
Published: January 2015

Long-term offloading is the key factor in the treatment of the acute stage of Charcot foot. The indication for remobilization and transition of the affected foot to weight-bearing activities is believed to be based on two factors: the absence of the clinical signs of inflammation and results of the objective diagnostic tests. At the present time, consensus about appropriate methods sufficient for initiating weight-bearing activities after immobilization is absent. This paper discusses current data on clinical and laboratory tests and methods and describes their advantages and disadvantages.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of a New Method for Pressure Off-load for Patients with Diabetic Foot Syndrome: Ankle-foot Pneumoorthosis with TM Orlett
Authors: Strakhova Galina Yur'evna , Gorokhov Sergey Valentinovich , Ul'yanova Irina Nikolaevna , Galstyan Gagik Radikovich
Published: January 2015

Aim. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy, safety and consumer properties of ankle-foot pneumoorthosis with a HAS-337 TM Orlett compared with non-removable total contact cast (TCC) immobilization. Materials and methods. Our study included 40 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) with neuropathic diabetic foot syndrome and chronic uninfected wounds of the plantar surface of the forefoot, with wound duration of at least 3 weeks, wound areas not less than 1 cm2 and wound depths not more than stage II based on Wagner?s classification. We excluded patients with infected wounds, osteomyelitis, Charcot osteoarthropathy or peripheral vascular disease. Our test group included 20 patients who received pressure off-load using ankle-foot pneumoorthosis with a HAS-337 TM Orlett. For a control group (n = 20), pressure off-load was achieved using TCC immobilization. Both groups were comparable with regard to age, gender, duration and degree of diabetes compensation and by original wound defect sizes (p >0.05). The study duration was 6 months. Plantar pressure was measured inside the orthosis or TCC and was compared with test shoe measurements. Our major criteria for pressure relief were reduced pressures in the wound area and the whole foot and the rate of wound healing. Results. At the end of the 6-month period, complete healing of all ulcers was achieved. The average healing time was 46.1?19.0 days for the test group and was 48.3?20.5 days for the control group (p >0.05). Two patients who wore pneumoorthosis with HAS-337 were discontinued upon patient request. With pneumoorthosis, the maximum peak pressure on the foot and wound defect areas was reduced by 26% and 57%, respectively. The pressure/time integral decreased on average by 41% (p >0.05). Furthermore, in the midfoot area with pneumoorthosis, the maximum pressure increased by 48% and the pressure/time integral increased by 47%. Conclusions. Using pneumoorthosis with HAS-337 was an effective and safe method for pressure off-load, resulting in 100% healing of uninfected neuropathic ulcers of the plantar surface of the forefoot. However, pneumoorthosis with HAS-337 is not recommended for those patients with wound defects in the midfoot and heel areas.
Initial investigation of efficacy and safety of a new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, gosogliptin, for type 2 diabetes in Russia
Authors: Nedosugova Lyudmila Viktorovna , Petunina Nina Alexandrovna , Galstyan Karina Oganesovna
Published: January 2015

Current treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are based on using safe and effective hypoglycaemic agents for preventing diabetic vascular complications and reducing the risks associated with weight gain and hypoglycaemia. These goals may be achieved using new agents with a fundamentally new mechanism of action: inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4i). However, the wide distribution of this enzyme in the body is associated with extraglycaemic DPP-4i effects, both positive and negative. Thus, it is important to develop and implement new DPP-4i agents for clinical practice. Aim. To investigate the efficacy and safety of a novel DPP-4i, gosogliptin, for use as monotherapy and in combination with metformin vs. vildagliptin as monotherapy and in combination with metformin for patients with drug-naive type 2 diabetes in a multicentre, open, randomized clinical trial. Materials and methods. We enrolled 299 drug-naive type 2 diabetes patients; 149 patients were randomized to receive gosogliptin and 150 patients received tovildagliptin. These groups had similar baseline characteristics. After randomization, 12 weeks of monotherapy was administered to both groups. Further, it was decided to continue the monotherapy or in combination with metformin, depending on each patient. The results after the first 12 weeks are presented in this paper. Results. After 12 weeks of monotherapy, HbA1c levels decreased significantly from 8.61% to 7.41% (p
Clinical characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease in adolescents with diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy
Authors: Kostyakov Sergey Evgen'evich , Alimova Irina Leonidovna
Published: January 2015

Aim. We evaluated the clinical and functional characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in adolescents with a cardiac form of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Patients and methods. Fifty-two adolescents, aged 12?17 years, with type 1 diabetes were studied. Patients were divided into two groups according to the results of two autonomic tests (cardiointervalography and Valsalva test). Group 1 included 14 adolescents with a cardiac form of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Group 2 included 38 controls. Oesophageal pH parameters were monitored over 24 h using a Gastroscan-24. The 24-h period was divided into day-time (08:00?22:00) and night-time (22:00?08:00) periods to eliminate the influence of exogenous factors (such as eating, physical activity and change of body position) on the oesophageal kinetic function. Results. Pathological gastroesophageal reflux occurred more frequently in Group 1 (78.5%) than in Group 2 (36.8%; p=0.018). Heartburn was experienced by 14.3% of the patients in Group 1 and generally occurred with similar frequency in the two groups (p=0.91). The daily amount of pathological acid reflux in Group 1 (86 [62?141]) was higher versus Group 2 (52.5 [24?108]; p=0.047) that was associated with night-time reflux in Group 1. A correlation analysis demonstrated the increase of frequency and intensity of the acid reflux due to development of parasympathetic insufficiency. Conclusion. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes appears to be a significant risk factor for the development of pathological subclinical GERD with altered daily pattern.
A frame for a computer aided inspection planning system
Authors: Polini Wilma , Moroni Giovanni
Published: January 2015

Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) inspection planning is an activity performed by well-trained operators, but different measurement techniques, using the same data analysis algorithms yield in different measurement results. This is a well-recognized source of uncertainty in coordinate measurement. A CMM, provided with an automatic inspection planning (CAIP) system, permits to implement more accurate and efficient operating procedures and to fit higher quality assurance standards and tighter production timings.In this paper we present a frame of a CAIP system, able to deal with almost all the decisional stages of CMM inspection. Moreover, original approaches have been developed and presented in inspection feature selection, part set-up, probe configuration, and path planning.
Being a Muslim in Animistic Ways
Authors: Maarif Samsul
Published: January 2015

This paper examines religious practices of Ammatoans professed to be “Islamic” by practitioners, but ethnocentrically understood as “animistic” in Tylorian sense by scholars. Scholars have argued that Ammatoans’ practices are incompatible with Islam. Islam and animism are mutually exclusive. This paper, in contrast, argues that Islam and animism are all encompassing. To build the argument, this paper firstly elaborates scholars’ revisited theory of animism that argues for the (indigenous) notion of personhood as not limited only to human beings, but extended to non-human beings: land, forest, trees, animals and so forth. Secondly, this paper reviews the Quranic verses that explicate the personhood of non-human beings, and finally Ammatoans’ practices –visits to forest, refusal of electricity installation and others– as ethically responsible and mutually beneficial acts that ensure the well-beings of both human and non-human beings (interpersonal relations). These presentations show how Ammatoans exemplify being Muslim in animistic ways.

[Artikel ini membahas praktik keagamaan masyarakat Ammatoa, yang menurut pelakunya disebut “Islamic”, tetapi menurut ahli etnografi sering disebut animistik, karena tidak sesuai dengan ajaran Islam. Islam dan animisme saling menafikan. Namun hasil penelitian ini membuktikan lain, Islam and animisme saling terkait dan saling mengisi. Untuk mengawali pembahasan, dipaparkan pandangan para ahli mengenai konsep “baru” anismisme yang memandang konsep dasar tentang diri tidak hanya terbatas pada manusia, tetapi juga mencakup selain manusia: tanah, hutan, pohon, hewan, dan lain-lain. Ayat-ayat al-Quran juga memperkenalkan adanya konsep diri bagi selain manusia. Baru kemudian dibahas mengenai praktik-praktik masyarakat Amatoa, seperti masuk hutan, menolak instalasi listrik, dan lainnya, yang merupakan tanggung jawab moral serta bermanfaat bagi kehidupan, baik bagi manusia maupun selain manusia dalam konteks hubungan interpersonal. Paparan ini menunjukkan corak khas masyarakat Ammatoa untuk menjadi seorang muslim dalam cara yang animistik.]
Progressive Salafism in Online Fatwa
Authors: Rusli R.
Published: January 2015

This paper deals with the construction of progressive Salafism in online fatwa, particularly in the site of Islam Online. This website is established by Yūsuf al-Qarāḍāwī and his colleagues within the European Council for Fatwa and Research, which has been influenced by reformist-salafists, such as al-Shawkānī, al-Afghānī, ‘Abduh, and Riḍā, who underline the role of text and modernity. The site’s approach is progressive-substantialist (combining teks and reality), which is built on the principles of Islamic law on minorities (fiqh al-aqalliyyāt), like taysīr (facilitation), wasaṭiyyah (moderation), and i’tidāl (equilibrium), that are seen as universal values contributing to the creation of a global-pluralist society. Because of its moderate nature, the language used by the site tends to emphasize not on prohibiting and labelling “heretic”, but on a solution to the problems people encounter. In relation to socio-political language, the concept of ummah is understood in an inclusive way. Ummah is built and based on the principles of belief (īmān) and Islam, and tied by the solidarity of the Quranic messages about Islamic monotheism (tawḥīd) and divine justice (‘adl). The concept of ummah refers to the Quranic concepts such as ummah wasaṭ or ummah muqtaṣidah, which means “moderate community”.

[Artikel ini membahas tentang konstruksi Salafisme progresif dalam fatwa online, terutama situs Islam Online. Website ini didorong oleh Yūsuf al-Qarāḍāwī dan para koleganya dalam European Council for Fatwa and Research, yang dipengaruhi oleh salafi-reformis, seperti al-Shawkānī, al-Afghānī, ‘Abduh, dan Riḍā, yang menghargai teks dan modernitas. Pendekatan situs ini adalah progresif-substansialis (menggabungkan teks dan realitas), yang dibangun pada prinsip-prinsip fikih minoritas (fiqh al-aqalliyyāt), seperti taysīr (memberikan kemudahan), wasaṭiyyah (moderat), dan i’tidāl (keseimbangan),yang dilihat sebagai nilai-nilai universal yang memberikan kontribusi bagi penciptaan masyarakat global yang pluralis. Karena watak modernnya, bahasa yang digunakan oleh situs ini cenderung tidak menekankan pada pengharaman dan pelabelan “bidah”, namun menekankan pada solusi terhadap masalah-masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat. Terkait dengan bahasa sosial-politik, konsep umat dipahami dalam cara yang inklusif. Umat didasari pada prinsip iman dan Islam, dan diikat oleh solidaritas pesan Alquran tentang monoteisme Islam (tawḥīd) dan keadilan (‘adl). Konsep umat mengarah kepada konsep Alquran seperti ummah wasaṭ atau ummah muqtaṣidah, yang berarti “komunitas yang moderat”.]
Polarizing and angle-sensitive color filter in transmittance for security feature applications
Authors: Lochbihler Hans
Published: January 2015

Subwavelength gratings comprising a stack of two thin metallic wire gratings embedded in a dielectric exhibit distinctive color properties in transmittance. Its angle-dependent coloring can be easily noticed by human observers in ambient light. Moreover, it has pronounced polarizing properties in the visible wavelength range. The optical properties of these gratings have been numerically studied. The results have been confirmed by manufactured samples replicated by a simple nanoimprint process on plastic foils. The manufacturing process is predestined for industrial mass production. Applications as authentication devices are given.