bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Act Tough and Soft: Video Monitoring, Hongbao Gifts, and the Job Satisfaction of Domestic Workers
Authors: Yang Anuo , Fu Shuangle , Liu Linping , Fan Changyu , Jilili Maitixirepu
Published: March 2022

There is a rapidly growing demand for domestic services among urban families in China. However, domestic work remains a low-status occupation with a high turnover rate. Focusing on the job satisfaction of domestic workers is useful to interpret this phenomenon. We investigate how the job satisfaction of domestic workers in China is affected by to two distinct labor control strategies used by their employers: the installation of video-monitoring devices in employers' homes (a “tough” control strategy), and the Chinese custom of giving monetary gifts, or “hongbao” (a “soft” control strategy). By analyzing data from surveys of domestic workers in four cities in China (N = 699), we find that video monitoring in employers' homes negatively impacts domestic workers' job satisfaction, and that hongbao gifts from employers significantly promote domestic workers' job satisfaction. The analysis of the causal mechanism based on a structural equation model suggests that video monitoring can increase the discrimination that domestic workers perceive, which in turn reduces their job satisfaction. In particular, we find that domestic workers' perception of discrimination completely mediates the effect of video monitoring on their job satisfaction. However, we also find that hongbao gifts significantly reduce domestic workers' perceptions of discrimination, and thus promote their job satisfaction; that is, the relationship between hongbao gifts and job satisfaction is partially mediated by discrimination. Our study provides a more comprehensive understanding of Chinese employers' labor control strategies and their effects on the job satisfaction of domestic workers.
Estimating Successful Internal Mobility: A Comparison Between Structural Equation Models and Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Bossi Francesco , Di Gruttola Francesco , Mastrogiorgio Antonio , D'Arcangelo Sonia , Lattanzi Nicola , Malizia Andrea P. , Ricciardi Emiliano
Published: March 2022

Internal mobility often depends on predicting future job satisfaction, for such employees subject to internal mobility programs. In this study, we compared the predictive power of different classes of models, i.e., (i) traditional Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with two families of Machine Learning algorithms: (ii) regressors, specifically least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) for feature selection and (iii) classifiers, specifically Bagging meta-model with thek-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN) as a base estimator. Our aim is to investigate which method better predicts job satisfaction for 348 employees (with operational duties) and 35 supervisors in the training set, and 79 employees in the test set, all subject to internal mobility programs in a large Italian banking group. Results showed average predictive power for SEM and Baggingk-NN (accuracy between 61 and 66%; F1 scores between 0.51 and 0.73). Both SEM and Lasso algorithms highlighted the predictive power of resistance to change and orientation to relation in all models, together with other personality and motivation variables in different models. Theoretical implications are discussed for using these variables in predicting successful job relocation in internal mobility programs. Moreover, these results showed how crucial it is to compare methods coming from different research traditions in predictive Human Resources analytics.
Temporary Urban Projects: Proposing a Multi-Positional Framework for Critical Discussion
Authors: Skytt-Larsen Christine Benna , Busck Anne Gravsholt , Lamm Bettina , Wagner Anne Margrethe
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to create fertile ground for critical discussion of the discursive field of temporary urban projects (TUPs), their multiple positionings and governance potential in urban and metropolitan development. TUPs constitute short-lived or temporally restricted spatial interventions and social activities in otherwise vacant urban settings. Often made from cheap materials and simple construction methods, TUPs activate urban spaces in transition. Through spatial appropriations, TUPs can explore new uses and potentials in these transforming urban areas. Despite aesthetic and spatial similarities, the discursive field of TUPs is diverse and covers a plethora of uses and understandings of space, actors, activities, intentions and strategies. A critical discussion that recognizes the multiple positionings of the discursive field of TUPs can deepen and nuance our understanding of the governance potential of TUPs contributing to metropolitan urban development. Because of the diversity in actors, strategies and impacts of TUPs and thus, variations in rationales and positions, we suggest that the phenomenon of TUPs to be perceived as a new urban genre that can be approached from several interrelated perspectives reflecting a diverse discursive field with multiple positionings: (1) a spatial-architectural perspective; (2) an urban-economic perspective; (3) a socio-cultural perspective; (4) a local-social perspective; and (5) a political-planning perspective. This multifaceted and critical approach mirrors the different discursive positionings, initiating rationales, and accompanying practices of TUPs and helps us comprehend and critically discuss the governance perspectives that TUPs bring into the design and planning of urban and metropolitan regions.
A Study on Pyrolysis of Pretreated Automotive Shredder Residue—Thermochemical Calculations and Experimental Work
Authors: Vijayan Sandhya Kuruvalan , Kibria Mahmud Arman , Bhattacharya Sankar
Published: March 2022

The automotive shredder residue (ASR) is generated as an inevitable waste after the shredding process of end-of-life vehicles. Typically, the ASR ends up in a landfill in the absence of any existing processing options. The ASR comprises rubber, wood, plastics, textile, metals, and other materials, such as paint and glass (10%), which can be recycled and reused. Given these attributes, the ASR is a potential feedstock for energy production and metal recovery. In this study, ASR was first pretreated because untreated ASR (as received) is fluffy and heterogeneous and, therefore, is difficult to feed into a reactor. Subsequently, the pyrolysis process was conducted with this pretreated ASR for energy recovery. From the thermochemical calculations, an optimized temperature of 500°C was chosen for pyrolysis of the pretreated ASR to ensure that metals would not be further oxidized and polymers could be separated from the metals in the form of volatile gases, oil, and char. Bench-scale pyrolysis tests were conducted on an integrated continuous stirred tank reactor–distillation column pyrolysis system. The product gas composition had hydrogen and methane content of 30% and 26% (v/v), respectively, contributing to the heating value of the gas obtained. The pyrolysis oil was further distilled using fractional distillation apparatus for gasoline and diesel-grade products. The physicochemical characterization of the pretreated ASR pyrolysis oil and its distillates was also carried out. The thermochemical equilibrium predictions showed a similar trend with the experimental pyrolysis results. In addition, the residual char analysis indicated the presence of a significant amount of metals—silicon, titanium, aluminum, and iron. Thus, this work generated information on processing pretreated ASR for the production of fuel and insights on metal recovery that can be recovered from the residual pyrolysis char.
Personal Spaces and Communal Consequences: Navigating Geographical Tensions With the Socially Responsible Behavior through Embodied Thinking (SORBET) Project
Authors: Lim Kenneth Y. T. , Li Samuel C. X.
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted societies in different ways. This variation is inherently geographical with patterns across space and time reflecting underlying societal inequalities. This study describes a learning intervention designed to afford participants opportunities to experience the diffusion of a (virtual) virus within a community, albeit in a safe way. The intervention was enacted in March 2021 among nine undergraduate teachers-in-training at a teacher-education institute in Singapore. Participants were invited to reflect on the connections between their personal decision-making and its impact on the broader community, after having first undertaken a collaborative task in a virtual environment. The Socially Responsible Behavior through Embodied Thinking (SORBET) Project draws on the learning sciences in terms of embodied cognition and projective identity, and in this study, seeks to apply them to geographical understandings of diffusion. Responses from post-activity interviews are reported along three themes, as structured by the cultural–historical activity theory. Through encouraging reflection on authentic experience, the authors hope to catalyze a more grounded appreciation of the need to practice positive social habits in the context of a pandemic and by extension, contribute to the fight against the virus through the application of geographical thinking at local and global scales.
Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of PVP and PKP Combined With Triple Medication on Mild and Moderate Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture in the Elderly
Authors: Zhou Yi , Jiang Jiang , Gu Fulong , Mi Daguo
Published: March 2022

Objective

To compare and analyze the therapeutic effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) combined with triple therapy on elderly patients with mild to moderate osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).

Methods

A total of 114 cases of elderly patients with mild to moderate osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were identified as research subjects in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018, and a total of 136 vertebrae were included. The patients who underwent PVP operation were included as the control group with 67 injured vertebrae, and the patients who underwent PKP operation were included as the experimental group with 69 injured vertebrae.

Results

The operation time and bone cement injection volume of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. The visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the two groups at 3 months and 6 months after operation were lower than those before operation, with lower VAS scores observed in the experimental group at 3 months and 6 months after operation. The anterior height of the vertebral body in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. The experimental group outperformed the control group in the incidence of postoperative complications. The postoperative Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) scores of the two groups were lower before the operation, in which the experimental group had lower scores than the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

PVP and PKP combined with postoperative triple therapy can achieve a promising analgesic effect. PKP has a higher volume of bone cement injection volume, and a lower incidence of complications, which gives rise to a better vertebral body recovery height than that of PVP, with rapid postoperative body function recovery and good quality of life.
Suitable Electrode Choice for Robotic-Assisted Cochlear Implant Surgery: A Systematic Literature Review of Manual Electrode Insertion Adverse Events
Authors: Van de Heyning Paul , Roland Peter , Lassaletta Luis , Agrawal Sumit , Atlas Marcus , Baumgartner Wolf-Dieter , Brown Kevin , Caversaccio Marco , Dazert Stefan , Gstoettner Wolfgang , Hagen Rudolf , Hagr Abdulrahman , Jablonski Greg Eigner , Kameswaran Mohan , Kuzovkov Vladislav , Leinung Martin , Li Yongxin , Loth Andreas , Magele Astrid , Mlynski Robert , Mueller Joachim , Parnes Lorne , Radeloff Andreas , Raine Chris , Rajan Gunesh , Schmutzhard Joachim , Skarzynski Henryk , Skarzynski Piotr H. , Sprinzl Georg , Staecker Hinrich , Stöver Timo , Tavora-Viera Dayse , Topsakal Vedat , Usami Shin-Ichi , Van Rompaey Vincent , Weiss Nora M. , Wimmer Wilhelm , Zernotti Mario , Gavilan Javier
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective

The cochlear implant (CI) electrode insertion process is a key step in CI surgery. One of the aims of advances in robotic-assisted CI surgery (RACIS) is to realize better cochlear structure preservation and to precisely control insertion. The aim of this literature review is to gain insight into electrode selection for RACIS by acquiring a thorough knowledge of electrode insertion and related complications from classic CI surgery involving a manual electrode insertion process.

Methods

A systematic electronic search of the literature was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science to find relevant literature on electrode tip fold over (ETFO), electrode scalar deviation (ESD), and electrode migration (EM) from both pre-shaped and straight electrode types.

Results

A total of 82 studies that include 8,603 ears implanted with a CI, i.e., pre-shaped (4,869) and straight electrodes (3,734), were evaluated. The rate of ETFO (25 studies, 2,335 ears), ESD (39 studies, 3,073 ears), and EM (18 studies, 3,195 ears) was determined. An incidence rate (±95% CI) of 5.38% (4.4–6.6%) of ETFO, 28.6% (26.6–30.6%) of ESD, and 0.53% (0.2–1.1%) of EM is associated with pre-shaped electrodes, whereas with straight electrodes it was 0.51% (0.1–1.3%), 11% (9.2–13.0%), and 3.2% (2.5–3.95%), respectively. The differences between the pre-shaped and straight electrode types are highly significant (p < 0.001). Laboratory experiments show evidence that robotic insertions of electrodes are less traumatic than manual insertions. The influence of round window (RW) vs. cochleostomy (Coch) was not assessed.

Conclusion

Considering the current electrode designs available and the reported incidence of insertion complications, the use of straight electrodes in RACIS and conventional CI surgery (and manual insertion) appears to be less traumatic to intracochlear structures compared with pre-shaped electrodes. However, EM of straight electrodes should be anticipated. RACIS has the potential to reduce these complications.
Clinical and Histological Features of Ovarian Hypoplasia/Dysgenesis in Alpacas
Authors: Arroyo Eduardo , Patiño Cristian , Ciccarelli Michela , Raudsepp Terje , Conley Alan , Tibary Ahmed
Published: March 2022

Alpacas have a high incidence of congenital reproductive tract abnormalities, including ovarian hypoplasia/dysgenesis. Diagnosis of this condition is often challenging. The present study describes the clinical, ultrasonographic, and histologic features of ovarian hypoplasia/dysgenesis syndrome in 5 female alpacas. Additionally, serum AMH levels were compared between female alpacas diagnosed with ovarian hypoplasia/dysgenesis and a group of reproductively sound females (n= 11). The syndrome was suspected based on the presence of an infantile uterus and lack of ovaries by ultrasonography and laparoscopy. All females had normal female karyotype (n= 74 XX), but one presented a minute chromosome. The ovaries from these cases showed 3 main histological classifications: hypoplasia (n= 2), dysgenesis (n= 2), and dysplasia (n= 1). Serum AMH levels in affected females were significantly lower (P< 0.05) than those of reproductively sound control females. In conclusion, Serum AMH level may be helpful in the rapid diagnosis of ovarian hypoplasia/dysgenesis syndrome in alpacas. Furthermore, this syndrome in alpacas presents a variety of histological features. Different mechanisms may be involved in the derangement of ovarian differentiation. Further studies are needed to elucidate the causes of the syndrome.
Maternal Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supply in Combination With or Without Essential Fatty Acids During Late Pregnancy and Early Lactation: Investigations on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of the Jejunal Content and Jejunal Microbiota in Neonatal Calves
Authors: Liermann Wendy , Wissing Katrin Lena , Reyer Henry , Trakooljul Nares , Dannenberger Dirk , Tröscher Arnulf , Hammon Harald Michael
Published: March 2022

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) modulate the fatty acid composition in dairy cow milk, which represents the most important nutrient source of neonatal calves. In turn, dietary fatty acids are known to influence the gut microbiota. The current preliminary study investigated effects of a maternal fatty acid supplementation (MFAS) during transition period with coconut oil (CON, control), CLA (Lutalin®), or CLA + EFA (Lutalin® + essential fatty acids–linseed oil; safflower oil) on physico-chemical characteristics of jejunal content and microbiota of 5-day-old calves. MFAS of CLA + EFA increased α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and n-3 fatty acid proportions in jejunum compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). Proportions of n-6 and polyunsaturated fatty acids increased by MFAS of CLA + EFA compared to CON (P < 0.05). Most abundant phyla in the jejunum were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota. CLA + EFA decreased the relative abundance of Diplorickettsiales (Proteobacteria) compared to CON and CLA (P < 0.05). CLA calves showed a lower abundance of Enterobacterales (Proteobacteria) compared to CON calves (P = 0.001). The abundance of Veillonellales-Selenomonadales and RF39 (Firmicutes) decreased in CLA + EFA calves compared to CON calves (P < 0.05). Bacteroidales (Bacteroidota) decreased in CLA + EFA calves compared to CLA calves (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria and Euryarchaeota decreased and the abundance of Chloroflexi increased in CLA + EFA calves compared to CON and CLA calves (P < 0.05). MFAS alters the fatty acid composition and microbial milieu in the intestinal content of neonatal calves due to their ability to modulate colostral fatty acid composition of dams.
Measuring How Recombination Re-shapes the Evolutionary History of PRRSV-2: A Genome-Based Phylodynamic Analysis of the Emergence of a Novel PRRSV-2 Variant
Authors: Pamornchainavakul Nakarin , Kikuti Mariana , Paploski Igor A. D. , Makau Dennis N. , Rovira Albert , Corzo Cesar A. , VanderWaal Kimberly
Published: March 2022

While the widespread and endemic circulation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 2 (PRRSV-2) causes persistent economic losses to the U.S. swine industry, unusual increases of severe cases associated with the emergence of new genetic variants are a major source of concern for pork producers. Between 2020 and 2021, such an event occurred across pig production sites in the Midwestern U.S. The emerging viral clade is referred to as the novel sub-lineage 1C (L1C) 1-4-4 variant. This genetic classification is based on the open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene. However, although whole genome sequence (WGS) suggested that this variant represented the emergence of a new strain, the true evolutionary history of this variant remains unclear. To better elucidate the variant's evolutionary history, we conducted a recombination detection analysis, time-scaled phylogenetic estimation, and discrete trait analysis on a set of L1C-1-4-4 WGSs (n = 19) alongside other publicly published WGSs (n = 232) collected over a 26-year period (1995–2021). Results from various methodologies consistently suggest that the novel L1C variant was a descendant of a recombinant ancestor characterized by recombination at the ORF1a gene between two segments that would be otherwise classified as L1C and L1A in the ORF5 gene. Based on analysis of different WGS fragments, the L1C-1-4-4 variant descended from an ancestor that existed around late 2018 to early 2019, with relatively high substitution rates in the proximal ORF1a as well as ORF5 regions. Two viruses from 2018 were found to be the closest relatives to the 2020-21 outbreak strain but had different recombination profiles, suggesting that these viruses were not direct ancestors. We also assessed the overall frequency of putative recombination amongst ORF5 and other parts of the genome and found that recombination events which leave detectable numbers of descendants are not common. However, the rapid spread and high virulence of the L1C-1-4-4 recombinant variant demonstrates that inter-sub-lineage recombination occasionally found amongst the U.S. PRRSV-2 might be an evolutionary mechanisms that contributed to this emergence. More generally, recombination amongst PRRSV-2 accelerates genetic change and increases the chance of the emergence of high fitness variants.
O PAPEL DA EDUCAÇÃO NA LUTA ANTICOLONIAL: UM MOVIMENTO CONTRA-HEGEMÔNICO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Lins Bruno Teixeira , Lima Caio Gonçalves Silveira , Oliveira Ilzver De Matos , Timóteo William
Published: March 2022

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer uma análise acerca da necessidade de um modelo educacional dialógico e crítico para o processo de luta anticolonial e contra-hegemonico. Para tanto, visa inicialmente delimitar a evolução teórica dos direitos humanos, definindo como os movimentos liberais, apesar de combater a dominação exercida pelo poder público em face do indivíduo, se limitam a uma concepção individualista e hegemônica dos direitos, pois restou-se inerte frente às relações de escravidão e dominação presentes em sua época. A concepção hegemônica dos direitos humanos gera numa mesma nação um pluralismo jurídico originário dos sistemas colonialistas, onde um regime de direitos seria aplicado ao colono, considerado sujeito humanizado, enquanto ao colonizado, visto enquanto um selvagem a ser civilizado, aplicaria-se um regime de violência e segregação. A pesquisa então busca analisar a ideologia colonial e seu papel no desenvolvimento de um sistema opressor que persiste até a atualidade, sendo necessário questionar de que forma são realizados os processos de luta anticolonial e se tem a participação do oprimido ou se simplesmente comandados por uma oligarquia. Por fim, demonstra-se de que maneira um sistema educacional fundada numa hierarquia entre o professor e o aluno tem por escopo a manutenção de um sistema de hegemonia, sendo uma prática educacional dialógica que respeite os saberes do educando necessária para que atinja-se a conscientização do oprimido. A metodologia utilizada para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi de cunho bibliográfico e dialético no tocante à contradição apresentada entre diferentes métodos educacionais.
Эффективность и безопасность различных доз гимекромона у больных, перенесших холецистэктомию
Authors:   A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Bordin D.S. , Dubtsova E.A. , Selezneva E.Ya. , Kukoleva E.O. , Lashko M.L. , Chebotareva M.V. , Nikolskaya K.A. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry,   Tver State Medical University,   Scientific Research Institute of Healthcare and Medical Management of the Moscow City Health Department
Published: March 2022

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the leading method of treatment of cholelithiasis. Often, postcholecystectomy syndrome develops after cholecystectomy. In most cases, its manifestations are of a functional nature and are associated with dysfunction of the Oddi sphincter. A study of the effectiveness of the drug Odeston (hymecromone) at doses of 600 mg and 1200 mg per day in patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome was conducted. 36 patients were randomized into two groups: the first group consisted of 18 patients receiving the drug hymecromone at a dosage of 600 mg per day (200 mg three times a day), the second group of 18 patients receiving the drug hymecromone 1200 mg per day (400 mg three times a day). The duration of therapy was 21 days. When assessing the pain syndrome on a visual analog scale, statistically significant dynamics (Chi2; p < 0.01) was observed in both groups after therapy, most pronounced in the second group. In the second group, normalization of the stool was noted (Chi2; p = 0.015) and a decrease in the diameter of the common bile duct (Wilcoxon criterion; p = 0.05). When assessing the dynamics of abdominal pain and its impact on daily activities 90 days after therapy, a statistically significant advantage was revealed in the second group (Chi2; p = 0.014). The data obtained indicate that Odeston is more effective in postcholecystectomy syndrome at a dose of 1200 mg per day.
This is not (the New) Normal. Students' Attitudes Towards Studying During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Determinants of Academic Overload
Authors: Radovan Marko , Makovec Danijela
Published: March 2022

The measures taken to combat the pandemic COVID -19 suddenly changed the way of studying in many countries around the world. Because of the abrupt change, faculties did not have time to develop strategies for implementing online study, so faculty were busy finding new ways to teach their courses. As it turned out, many of them were not prepared for such a change. They lacked the technical understanding of how to use online tools and platforms, as well as the pedagogical knowledge of the dynamics of online teaching. In this paper we discuss how students from the Faculty of Arts at the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, experienced the changes in the way they study. We conducted an anonymous online survey among 1,827 students from the largest faculty at the University of Ljubljana. The survey took place in February and March 2021. The results show that there were differences between students in their assessment of the appropriateness of different teaching approaches regarding various factors, which highlights the conditions students had at home to study. The conditions at home affected students' attitudes towards distance learning, their assessment of competence for distance learning, as well as their motivation to study and their sense of being overwhelmed. Thus, more study difficulties, negative attitudes and motivation problems were observed among students who were not provided with adequate study conditions. Nevertheless, the results of the study show that distance learning also has potential, but this potential can only be realised if all those involved in the process are provided with the right conditions. We conclude the study with four main recommendations, namely that the quality of distance learning requires (1) adequate conditions for students to participate in distance learning; (2) an appropriate choice of teaching methods is important; (3) teachers need to be didactically trained for distance learning; and (4) during distance learning, cooperation between the teacher and the students and between the students themselves should be encouraged.
Understanding anthropometry, metabolism and menstrual status of Japanese college female long-distance runners
Authors: Iwamoto Sayumi , Sugita Kiyoko , Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko , Kagawa Masaharu , Ota Masako , Suzuki Teturo , Hume Patria Anne
Published: March 2022

Aim: To understand the anthropometry, metabolism, and menstrual status of Japanese collegiate female long-distance runners. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 29 Japanese college female long-distance runners divided into three menstruation status groups: 1) Regular; 2) Irregular; and 3) Amenorrhea. The amenorrhea group was further divided into participants who consulted a gynecologist and those who did not. Metabolism was measured using resting metabolic rate, total energy expenditure, and physical activity level. Energy was measured using energy intake, exercise energy expenditure, and energy availability (EA). Anthropometric measurements were performed following standardized techniques from the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. Results: Of the 29 runners, 68% had menstrual dysfunction. The amenorrhea group who had consulted a gynecologist had lower body mass index (BMI) and lower skinfolds than the other groups. All groups had more than 30 kcal/kg fat free mass/day for EA with no difference between the groups. Conclusions: There was high prevalence of menstrual dysfunction in the female Japanese college long-distance runners. Runners with amenorrhea had lower BMI and lower skinfolds than the other groups, despite having consulted a gynecologist for medical support. All the runners had an energy deficiency higher than the published threshold; therefore, this threshold did not differentiate the amenorrhea or irregular menstruating athletes from regular menstruating athletes. Longitudinal tracking of athletes should include measurement of height, body mass, and skinfolds to enable evaluation of BMI, the sum of eight skinfold sites, and leanness ratio score as possible indicators over time for menstrual dysfunction.
CALIDAD DE MOVIMIENTO Y CINEANTROPOMETRIA Influencia de la Masa y la Composición Corporal en la valoración del Functional Movement Screen (FMS)
Authors: Enrique Antivero , Ernesto Antivero , Noelia González , Ignacio Ginnobili , Nicolás Ciafardini , Marcelo Villares , Micaela Alzaga , Milton Rodriguez
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Indagar sobre la posible influencia de la masa y composición corporal en la valoración del Functional Movement Screen (FMS) con estudiantes de Actividad Física y Deporte (N = 30, 15 femeninos y 15 masculinos). Metodos: Previo a la valoración de las 7 (siete) pruebas del FMS, se administraron un conjunto de mediciones para determinar las características antropométricas, estimar masas corporales y cuantificar el nivel de prensión manual de la muestra voluntaria sujeta de estudio. Resultados: La muestra no probabilística informó un Score final para el FMS (S) de 16.17±1,66. El valor promedio de las 7 (siete) pruebas (XS) fue 2.31±0.24 y de las primeras 3 (tres) o Big Three (B3) 2.21±0.31. La muestra femenina y masculina puntuaron 16.47±1.51, 2.36±0.22, 2.31±0.23 y 15.87±1.81, 2.27±0.26, 2.11±0.35 respectivamente, con diferencias entre géneros sólo para el Trunk Stability Push-UP (TPU) (p<0.05). Las correlaciones de la muestra total se vieron optimizadas en los sujetos femeninos y masculinos de Masa Corporal (MC) superior al promedio del parámetro OMS de peso para adultos (n = 19), en la asociación de S y XS con la Diferencia Porcentual de la Masa Corporal respecto al parámetro OMS de peso para adultos (OMS%) (rs -0.44) y el IMC (rs -0.50) respectivamente (p<0.05). Las mayores correlaciones del estudio se obtuvieron con aquellos sujetos masculinos con una MC superior al promedio del parámetro OMS de peso para adultos (n = 11), entre ellas OMS% con S (rs -0.71), SX (rs -0.71) y B3 (rs -0.76), e IMC con S (rs -0.70), SX (rs -0.70) y B3 (rs -0,73). Conclusiones: A pesar de la creciente tendencia negativa del incremento de la MC en la Calidad de Movimiento, será necesario mayor estudio para determinar si la variación de la valoración del FMS podría estar estrictamente vinculada a factores antropométricos, particularmente respecto a las pruebas con descarga de masa corporal.
VARIABILIDAD GENÉTICA EN Agave angustifolia Haw. DE LA SIERRA SONORENSE, MÉXICO, DETERMINADA CON MARCADORES AFLP†
Authors: Barraza-Morales Alejandra , Sánchez-Teyer Felipe Lorenzo , Robert Manuel , Esqueda Martín , Gardea-Béjar Alfonso
Published: March 2022

La variabilidad genética del maguey Agave angustifolia Haw. se analizó mediante polimorfismos en la longitud de los fragmentos amplificados (AFLP). Se incluyeron de 28 a 30 plantas en cada una de tres poblaciones de maguey, originarias de tres municipios de Sonora, México donde por tradición se emplea esta especie para la producción de la bebida alcohólica denominada “bacanora”. Los índices de similitud inter e intrapoblacionales oscilaron de 0.749 a 0.786 y de 0.800 a 0.827, respectivamente. La variabilidad promedio intrapoblacional fue 0.26 y la mayor distancia genética se encontró en una misma población (0.106 y 0.093). No se observó traslape interpoblacional de individuos, lo que se reflejó en el valor de estructuración de 0.165 con 65.16 % de loci polimórficos y heterocigosis total de 0.313 ± 0.038. La variabilidad observada sugiere adaptación ante los factores bióticos y abióticos presentes en la Sierra Sonorense.
SISTEMAS DE MANEJO PARA PRODUCIR DOS O TRES COSECHAS POR AÑO EN FRAMBUESA ROJA EN CLIMA TEMPLADO
Authors: Galindo-Reyes Manuel Antonio , González-Hernández Víctor A. , López-Jiménez Alfredo , Sánchez-García Prometeo , Soto-Hernández R. Marcos , Muratalla-Lúa Alfonso
Published: March 2022

En regiones con clima templado, el cultivo en campo de la frambuesa (Rubus idaeus L.) ‘productora en tallos del año’ (productora de otoño) se hace mediante dos sistemas de manejo para obtener una o dos cosechas anuales. En esta investigación se evaluaron dos sistemas de manejo modificados, a los cuales se les agregó una poda y aplicación de promotores de brotación, para obtener una cosecha adicional en frambuesa roja productora de otoño ‘Malling Autumn Bliss’, crecida en clima templado a 2240 msnm, en un invernadero de polietileno sin calefacción. En enero del 2003 se establecieron los dos sistemas de manejo, el de tres cosechas (SMTC) y el de dos cosechas (SMDC) anuales, sobre plantas de un año de edad previamente trasplantadas a un sustrato compuesto de suelo y arena de tezontle (3:1, v/v). La evaluación se hizo durante 2003 y 2004, con base en la cinética de maduración de frutos, número de cosechas por año, rendimiento y calidad de fruto. En 2004, año en que no hubo heladas tempranas, se obtuvieron tres cosechas de fruto (primavera, verano y otoño) con el SMTC, y dos cosechas (verano y otoño) con el SMDC. Es decir, se logró obtener una cosecha adicional en otoño en los dos sistemas de manejo; esta tercera cosecha fue de 30 a 36 % inferior en rendimiento a la de verano, pero fue igual en calidad de fruto y ocurrió cuando hubo mejores precios que la de verano. Al considerar épocas de cosecha, rendimiento por cosecha y acumulado, y la calidad de fruto, resultó más recomendable el sistema de dos cosechas, porque requiere menos mano de obra para podas y cosechas manuales.
DOSIS Y ÉPOCAS DE APLICACIÓN DE ÁCIDO GIBERÉLICO EN LA FLORACIÓN Y COSECHA DEL MANGO ‘ATAULFO’
Authors: Vázquez-Valdivia Víctor , Pérez-Barraza María Hilda
Published: March 2022

Un problema importante en el cultivo de mango (Mangifera indica L.) en Nayarit, México, es la estacionalidad de la cosecha. Una opción para resolverlo es adelantar o retrasar la floración. Para el cv. ‘Ataulfo’ es más conveniente retrasarla, ya que permitiría obtener la cosecha cuando la producción en otras zonas del país ya terminó. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la dosis, época y número de aplicaciones de ácido giberélico (AG3), en la floración, época de cosecha y rendimiento del mango ‘Ataulfo’. El trabajo se desarrolló en una huerta comercial con árboles de 12 años, los cuales fueron asperjados con AG3 (0, 50 y 100 mg L-1) en aplicaciones simples o dobles durante noviembre y diciembre (prefloración), por dos años consecutivos. Los árboles tratados con AG3 presentaron dos floraciones (enero-marzo y abril-mayo) y dos cosechas (junio y julio), mientras que los del testigo sólo una floración (enero-marzo) y una cosecha (junio). La presencia de panículas mixtas fue detectada únicamente en árboles tratados con AG3, con intensidad máxima de 16 %. El retraso de la floración y la cosecha en árboles tratados fue de 90 y 42 d, respectivamente. El rendimiento no fue afectado por la aplicación del AG3.
IMPACTO DEL ALMACENAMIENTO EN LA BROTACIÓN DE BULBOS DE AJO Y ESPECIES PATOGÉNICAS DE Penicillium Y Erwinia ASOCIADAS
Authors: Hernández-Anguiano Ana María , Juárez-López Gabriela , Fucikovsky-Zak Leopold , Zavaleta-Mejía Emma , González-Hernández Víctor A.
Published: March 2022

En México se cuenta con limitada información acerca de la fisiología postcosecha del ajo (Allium sativum L.) y de los microorganismos patogénicos durante su almacenamiento. En este trabajo se evaluó la influencia de las condiciones de almacenamiento en una bodega techada abierta (TA) y en una bodega techada cerrada (TC), sobre la brotación y sanidad de bulbos de ajo (vars. Tacátzcuaro, Tocumbo, Chetumal y María Luisa), y se identificaron las especies patogénicas de hongos y bacterias asociadas a ellos. Los bulbos presentaron originalmente diversos daños por: insectos (52 %), mecánico (26 %), por hongos (14 %) y fisiológico (8.8 %). El porcentaje de daño por hongos no se incrementó durante el almacenamiento (70 d). La tasa de brotación en bulbos almacenados en la bodega TA con 22.7 oC y 61.4 % de HR fue de 44 %, y en la bodega TC con 29.0 oC y 56.2 % de HR de 32 %. La brotación en ajos colocados a 1 m de altura fue de 41 % y a 4 m de 35 %. Los hongos Penicillium y Fusarium fueron los que con mayor frecuencia se aislaron de bulbos almacenados, en 90 % y 70 % de los bulbos, respectivamente. Las cepas de Penicillium que resultaron fitopatogénicas en mitades de dientes de ajo se identificaron como P. hirsutum Dierckx y P. citrinum Thom. Las características fisiológicas y bioquímicas de una cepa bacteriana fitopatogénica correspondieron a Erwinia carotovora. Las cepas de Fusarium no resultaron patogénicas.
EFECTO DE BIOFERTILIZANTES EN CULTIVO DE MELÓN CON ACOLCHADO PLÁSTICO
Authors: Padilla Erik , Esqueda Martín , Sánchez Alfonso , Troncoso-Rojas Rosalba , Sánchez Alberto
Published: March 2022

Se evaluó el efecto de biofertilizantes en el cultivo del melón (Cucumis melo var. reticulatus cv. ‘Ovación’) acolchado con polietileno negro calibre 100 μm. El trabajo se hizo en campo en La Costa de Hermosillo, Sonora, durante 2000. Se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos, tres biofertilizantes comerciales Z-Plex, Soil-Plex, Maya-Magic y el testigo negativo, asignados en bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. Se analizó el efecto de los tratamientos sobre los hongos filamentosos y micorrízicos asociados al cultivo, los factores químicos del suelo, rendimiento y calidad del producto. La cantidad y diversidad de micromicetos, los factores químicos del suelo, el rendimiento y la calidad del fruto no mostraron variaciones inherentes a la aplicación de los biofertilizantes. El número de esporas micorrízicas aumentó 200 % con los tres biofertilizantes, así como el porcentaje de raíces colonizadas de 12 % en el testigo hasta 26, 30 y 48 % para Maya-Magic, ZPlex y Soil-Plex, respectivamente, pero no se observaron arbúsculos.
RESPUESTA A DENSIDAD DE POBLACIÓN DE CRUZAS DE MAÍZ TROPICAL Y SUBTROPICAL ADAPTADAS A VALLES ALTOS
Authors: Carrera-Valtierra José Alfredo , Cervantes-Santana Tarcicio
Published: March 2022

En los Valles Altos de México, los maíces (Zea mays L.) locales no toleran altas densidades de población debido a su susceptibilidad al acame. Para resolver este problema se ha recurrido a la introducción de germoplasma tropical y subtropical. En esta investigación se evaluaron cruzas entre líneas S3 derivadas de poblaciones tropicales y subtropicales (LT) adaptadas a Valles Altos, así como cruzas de estas líneas LT con una línea local (LL) derivada de las razas Cónico-Chalqueño. Las poblaciones base procedieron de cruzas entre razas de maíz tropical y subtropical de México, seleccionadas en alta densidad de población en Montecillo, Edo. de México mediante cruzas fraternales desde la generación F2 hasta F13, y posteriormente mediante autofecundación por tres generaciones. Con un grupo de líneas S3 derivadas de estas poblaciones se formaron 11 cruzas LT x LT y seis cruzas LT x LL. Las 17 cruzas F1 (LT x LT y LT x LL), dos testigos híbridos de cruza simple (‘CS’ y ‘H-CM’) y dos trilineales (‘H-151’ y ‘H-40’) se evaluaron en un experimento en Montecillo en 1999, a 60 (D1), 70 (D2) y 80 mil (D3) plantas ha-1. Con el cambio de D1 a D3 el número de días a floración masculina aumentó en 1.2 d y la longitud de mazorca, el peso de 200 granos y el número de mazorcas por planta disminuyeron (P ≤ 0.05) en 0.7 cm, 3.4 g y 0.2, respectivamente. En rendimiento de grano no hubo diferencias significativas entre densidades. El rendimiento promedio del grupo de testigos, LT x LL y LT x LT fue 9.4, 8.1 y 7.2 t ha-1. Las mejores cruzas LT x LT tuvieron el mismo rendimiento que ‘H-40’ (7.6 t ha-1) y la mejor cruza LT x LL rindió 9.3 t ha-1. Las cruzas LT x LT tuvieron rendimiento, precocidad y altura de planta similar a los testigos ‘H-40’ y ‘H-CM’. Por tanto, la selección en Valles Altos de germoplasma tropical y subtropical, fue efectiva por haber logrado cruzas similares a los testigos en rendimiento, con densidades de población comerciales y mayores.
IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF MIYAMASUKASHI-YURI (LILIUM MACULATUM Thunb. var. bukosanense), AN ENDANGERED PLANT SPECIES
Authors: Arzate-Fernández Amaury M. , Miwa Makoto , Shimada Tomohide , Yonekura Tetsushi , Ogawa Kazuo
Published: March 2022

Lilium maculatum var. bukosanense (Honda) Hara, llamada en japonés Miyamasukashi-yuri, es una especie silvestre que está amenazada en Japón. Antes de que desaparezca, el establecimiento de estrategias de propagación in vitro podrían coadyuvar a proveer información para su rescate, su conservación ex-situ y futura explotación comercial, así como su posible uso en el mejoramiento genético. Para la inducción de bulbillos se usaron cinco escamas de bulbos (catáfilos) asépticos por cada tratamiento, las cuales fueron sembradas en el medio de cultivo de MS a la mitad de su concentración, suplementado con sacarosa 3 %, agar 0.8 %, a un pH de 5.8, y se evaluaron dos reguladores del crecimiento vegetal (RCV): ácido αnaftalenacético (ANA) a 0.0, 1.0 y 2.0 mg L-1 en combinación con tidiazurón (TDZ) a 0.0 y 0.5 mg L-1. También se evaluaron dos condiciones de iluminación (luz y oscuridad) y la presencia/ausencia en el medio de cultivo de carbón activado (CA), para un total de 16 tratamientos. El cultivo de escamas en condiciones de luz y en presencia de CA mostraron un efecto favorable en la inducción de bulbillos. El número promedio de bulbillos inducidos en condiciones de luz fue el doble (4 por explante) de los inducidos en oscuridad, ambos en presencia de CA, e independientemente del tratamiento hormonal. Los tratamientos que dieron mejor respuesta fueron ANA 2 mg L-1 + TDZ 0.5 mg L-1 , y sin RCV, todos ellos con CA y luz. En general, después de 12 semanas de cultivo se obtuvo un promedio de 2.4 bulbillos por explante, y seis meses más tarde se regeneraron más de 640 plantas de un total de 320 explantes, con raíces y hojas; todas éstas fueron aclimatadas y transferidas a condiciones de invernadero. Todas las plantas regeneradas fueron morfológicamente similares entre ellas y mostraron los rasgos distintivos que caracterizan la flor de esta especie. Además, los análisis citológicos revelaron el mismo número de cromosomas (2n=24) en todas las plantas examinadas. El procedimiento descrito aquí no requirió de una fase de callo, por lo que el simple cultivo de escamas se pudo aplicar exitosamente como una estrategia para la propagación in vitro en 12 meses, y así lograr el rescate y conservación de esta especie.
Genetics of the long QT syndrome
Authors: Kostareva A. A.
Published: March 2022

This editorial refers to a paper Komissarova SM, Chakova NN, Rebeko ES, Dolmatovish TV, Niyazova SS. Clinical characteristics of patients with various genetic types of long QT syndrome. Journal of Arrhythmology. 2022;29(1): 7-16.
Long-term results of cardiac contractility modulation in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Amiraslanov A. Yu. , Vaskovskiy V. A. , Artyukhina E. A. , Revishvili A. Sh.
Published: March 2022

Aim. Evaluate the overall effectiveness of cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) therapy in patients with chronic heart failure of various etiology.

Methods. The study included 61 patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA class II-III), ejection fraction 20-40% and narrow QRS <130 ms, who were implanted the CCM devices. Depending on the etiology of heart failure, ischemic cardiomyopathy prevailed (41 patients). All patients were performed echocardiography, 6-min walk test and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MHFLQ). Results. The observation period was 25 months. All 54 patients significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction from 32.2% to 37.6% (р=0.026) and volume parameters (left ventricle end systolic volume from 150 to 137 ml (р=0.034), left ventricle end diastolic volume from 220 to 201 ml (р=0.044), reduced the heart failure NYHA class >1 in 29 (53.7%) patients (р=0.015), increased 6-min walk test from 265 to 343 m (р=0.029), and the MHFLQ improved from 46.1 to 35.8 (р=0.042). Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy was associated with significant improvement in MHFLQ (from 42.7 to 30.3, р=0.029) and lowering the heart failure NYHA class>1 (83.3%, vs 47.2%, p=0.012) compared to ischemic group. Conclusion. CCM is safe and effective in patients with chronic heart failure NYHA class II-III, ejection fraction 20- 40% and narrow QRS˂130 ms, who were implanted the CCM devices. Depending on the etiology of heart failure, ischemic cardiomyopathy prevailed (41 patients). All patients were performed echocardiography, 6-min walk test and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MHFLQ).

Results. The observation period was 25 months. All 54 patients significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction from 32.2% to 37.6% (р=0.026) and volume parameters (left ventricle end systolic volume from 150 to 137 ml (р=0.034), left ventricle end diastolic volume from 220 to 201 ml (р=0.044), reduced the heart failure NYHA class >1 in 29 (53.7%) patients (р=0.015), increased 6-min walk test from 265 to 343 m (р=0.029), and the MHFLQ improved from 46.1 to 35.8 (р=0.042). Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy was associated with significant improvement in MHFLQ (from 42.7 to 30.3, р=0.029) and lowering the heart failure NYHA class>1 (83.3%, vs 47.2%, p=0.012) compared to ischemic group.

Conclusion. CCM is safe and effective in patients with chronic heart failure NYHA class II-III, ejection fraction 20- 40% and narrow QRS˂130 ms. Non-ischemic etiology of cardiomyopathy was associated with significant improvement in MHFLQ and lowering the heart failure class.
Permanent pacing in children: results of follow-up, assessment of complications
Authors: Dzhaffarova O. Yu. , Svintsova L. I. , Plotnikova I. V. , Dambaev B. N. , Kartofeleva E. O.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To present the experience and assess the complications of permanent pacing in children with bradyarrhythmias based on long-term follow-up.

Methods. Data of 145 children with structurally normal heart with implanted pacemakers at the age from 1 month to 18 years were retrospectively assessed. The follow-up was from 1999 to 2020 years. Epicardial pacemaker was implanted in 71 children, endocardial - in 74. The mean age of the primary implantation was 8.67±5.2 years.

Results. The following complications were disclosed: hemodynamic complications (heart chamber enlargement in dynamics and/or development of dyssynchrony, the appearance and increase in the regurgitation degree on the atrioventricular valves), bacterial endocarditis, hemopericardium, subclavian vein occlusion, pericarditis, infection of the pacemaker and its pocket, leads dislocation and fracture. With epicardial pacing various complications were detected in 24 (33.8%) examined patients, with endocardial - in 37 (50%). Hemodynamic complications with epicardial permanent pacing are associated with intraventricular dyssynchrony due to implantation of a ventricular lead on the lateral wall or the right ventricular outflow tract. Hemodynamic complications were not recorded in patients that performed the implantation of an epicardial lead at the left ventricular (LV) apex.

Conclusion. Children with pacemakers require careful follow-up. The most rational is the use of a primary epicardial pacemaker system with lead implantation on the apex of the LV. Such approach allows the veins to be preserved for endocardial stimulation at an older age, and to prevent hemodynamic complications. Neither epicardial nor endocardial pacemaker implantation guarantee the absence of complications. However, compliance with the above conditions will allow achieving high efficiency and safety of cardiac stimulation in children.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy after cryoballoon pulmonary vein ablation in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation: clinical case
Authors: Novikov P. S. , Novikov I. A. , Mironov N. Yu. , Saidova M. A. , Dulaev L. O. , Maykov E. B.
Published: March 2022

We present a case of takotsubo cardiomyopathy characterized as acute transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction in a patient with persistent atrial fibrillation, that occurred after cryoballoon pulmonary vein ablation procedure.