bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity of tolerance to low temperature at seed germination stage in rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Fujino Kenji
Published: June 2022

Crop cultivation has expanded worldwide where the environmental conditions vary and differ from their origins. Low temperature is a serious stress for rice, which originated in the tropics. This study evaluated tolerance to low‐temperature at the seed germination stage (low‐temperature germinability) in the World Early (WE) population showing early heading date, as it might increase adaptability to low‐temperature conditions during rice growth at high latitudes. Low‐temperature germinability varied widely from 0% to 100% at five days after incubation at 15°C. To estimate the genetic basis of low‐temperature germinability involved in WE population, nine F2 populations (29<n<94) were developed. The patterns of frequency distributions of low‐temperature germinability in these F2 population were classified into three types, Types 1–3. Sequence comparison of gene for low‐temperature germinability, qLTG3‐1 (quantitative trait locus [QTL] for low‐temperature germinability on chromosome 3), identified six alleles. Therefore, the associations between qLTG3‐1 genotype and low‐temperature germinability phenotype suggested that gene(s) other than qLTG3‐1 might be involved in low‐temperature germinability in this population.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis‐like acute graft‐versus‐host disease in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients: Case series and review of the literature
Authors: Sheu Song Johanna , Huang Jennifer T. , Fraile Alonso Maria del Carmen , Antaya Richard J. , Price Harper N. , Funk Tracy , Francois Rony A. , Shah Sonal D.
Published: June 2022

Background/Objectives

Complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) include acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD). Severe cutaneous aGVHD can present with generalized erythroderma, desquamation, and bullae which can mimic toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). TEN occurs in response to a culprit medication. Transplant patients are often on many medications, making it difficult to distinguish between the two conditions. Given that TEN‐like aGVHD is rare, we describe a case series of pediatric patients and review the literature.

Methods

This is a multi‐institutional case series of children who developed TEN‐like aGVHD following bone marrow transplantation. Demographic, clinical, and treatment information was collected.

Results

Ten patients were identified. Median age at transplantation was 8.5 years (range 0.12–17 years). Median time from transplant to first skin symptoms was 35 days (range 6–110 days) and to first TEN‐like symptoms was 40 days (range 16–116 days). 7/10 had other organ GVHD involvement. All patients were on concurrent medications at time of first skin symptoms including immunosuppression for GVHD prophylaxis, infection prophylaxis or treatment, and pain medication. Treatments for TEN‐like aGVHD included immunosuppression.

Conclusions

We observe that patients with > or equal to 50% BSA involvement of their skin with TEN‐like aGVHD, extracutaneous GVHD, and lack of reepithelization tend to have poor outcomes. Given the rarity of this condition, multidisciplinary care of these patients is important for accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment.
Risk factors for IgG4‐related disease relapse: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yue Zifan , Tong Fei , Chen Yuqing , Shen Ya , Li Jian , Zeng Chengcheng , Diao Jiale , Chen Xinxin , Wei Ruili
Published: June 2022

IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple organs with unique pathological features and has high relapse rates after treatment. Identifying patients at high risk of disease relapse for targeted treatment with long‐term and low‐dose glucocorticoid maintenance therapy is crucial for formulating rational treatment strategies. In this study, we conducted a meta‐analysis of relevant articles to explore the risk factors for IgG4‐RD relapse. We searched the Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases and extracted the mean and standard deviation of continuous variables and true‐positive (TP), false‐positive (FP), false‐negative (FN) and true‐negative (TN) rates to construct a 2 × 2 contingency table from dichotomous variables, and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated from univariate and multivariate analyses. Finally, we identified five indicators (elevated baseline serum IgG4 level, eosinophil count, increased multiple organ involvement, history of allergy and proximal bile duct stenosis) as risk factors for IgG4‐RD relapse. These results provide new ideas and directions for more researchers to study the relapse of IgG4‐RD and offer reasonable suggestions for clinicians to select IgG4‐RD patients for low‐dose glucocorticoid maintenance therapy to reduce their relapse rates.
Characterization of two new HLA alleles, HLA‐A*02:01:01:208 and HLA‐DQB1*06:03:44
Authors: Leonov Evgeny A. , Khizhinskiy Stanislav P. , Abdrakhimova Alena R. , Khamaganova Ekaterina G. , Gaponova Tatiana V.
Published: June 2022

Two new alleles A*02:01:01:208 and DQB1*06:03:44 identified in Russian individuals.
Percutaneous doxycycline sclerotherapy in a horse with a mandibular aneurysmal bone cyst
Authors: Perez Jairo A. , Weber Kristy L. , Bender Susan J. , Wulster Kathryn B. , Parente Eric J.
Published: June 2022

Objective

To describe the use and outcome of sclerotherapy with intralesional doxycycline foam in a horse with a mandibular aneurysmal bone cyst.

Study design

Case report.

Animals

Client‐owned 1 year old Standardbred filly.

Methods

The horse presented for progressive mandibular swelling. A 10 mg/mL doxycycline foam was prepared for intralesional injection. Three doses were injected into the lesion under computed tomographic guidance at 6 and 15 weeks after initial treatment. Volume reduction was monitored after each treatment with 3D volumetric rendering and region of interest segmentation using commercially available software.

Results

The volume of the lesion decreased from 458.7455 cm3before treatment, to 363.3101 cm3at 6 weeks, 273.5855 cm3at 15 weeks, and 247.2316 cm36 months later, resulting in a total reduction of 54% of the initial volume. Bone formation was noted in the lesion. No adverse effects related to doxycycline foam injections were noted. The mandibular swelling was resolved after treatment.

Conclusion

Intralesional doxycycline sclerotherapy was shown to be efficacious in reducing the volume of the aneurysmal bone cyst in the horse presented in this report. There was complete resolution of mandibular swelling with no side effects related to the intralesional injections.
Epicentral influence via agent‐based modelling
Authors: Hundt Marianne , Van Driessche Laetitia , Pijpops Dirk
Published: June 2022

One limitation of corpus‐based research into the epicentre hypothesis is that it only provides information on structural similarity/difference of varieties but not on the role that attitudes may play in the choice of variants in a pluricentric language. In our case study on verb complementation patterns, we use simulation as a complementary methodology. We build an agent‐based model for two speaker communities with English as a second language (ESL) which allows for attitudes towards American and British English to affect the choice of verb complementation. This approach enables us to gauge the likely effect that attitudes towards potential epicentres might have on the choice of variants and to predict patterns of variation we should see in language use. We provide preliminary data from the News On the Web corpus to test whether the predictions are, in fact, borne out.
INSAR-BASED DETECTION AND MAPPING OF SEISMICALLY INDUCED GROUND SURFACE DISPLACEMENT AND DAMAGE IN PAMPANGA, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Abcede Enrico Luis , Ajesta Abigail , Alfonso Jiriel Diego , Nucup Ronn Joshua , Peralta Marielle , Ramirez Ryan
Published: June 2022

On April 22, 2019, an earthquake with a magnitude MW 6.1 struck the municipality of Castillejos in Zambales, the Philippines, and severely affected the province of Pampanga, which caused damage to commercial and residential structures reaching over 40 victims. This paper presents an approach for creating a pixel-based proxy damage assessment and displacement field maps to delineate the extent of ground surface displacements due to an earthquake. Specifically, this paper explored two change detection methods: the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technique and the coherence difference analysis method, using an open-source remote sensing software package and free SAR image data acquired by Sentinel-1 missions. Ground truth data were collected to substantiate the findings of the generated maps after the earthquake. Out of 7 surveyed damaged structures that were included in the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) of the Philippines Situational Report, four damaged structures were successfully targeted using the proxy damage assessment map that had a coherence difference value ranging from 0.7-0.9 and damage grades of 3-5 based on the European Macroseismic Scale 1998 (EMS-98) damage classification system. This study confirms that change detection methods applied to C-band Sentinel-1 SAR data are valuable for mapping damaged areas and estimating ground surface displacements toward better hazard mitigation and disaster response.
PREDICTING OF REFRIGERANT LEAKAGE IN A CONDITIONED ROOM: A NUMERICAL STUDY LEAKS DISTRIBUTION R-32 REFRIGERANT IN A/C SPLIT UNIT
Authors: Muliawan Rizki , Pasek Ari Darmawan
Published: June 2022

Hydrocarbon Refrigerant R-32 called difluoromethane is one alternative solution used for Air Conditioning (A/C) unit split, but the weakness is flame property. This study investigates and analyzes flammable refrigerant difluoromethane distributions in the room affected by the A/C unit's leakage. It discusses the distribution of flammable refrigerant R-32 (difluoromethane) in an air-conditioned room. The simulation uses three variations of mass flow rate (leakage) and three airflow rate variations: low, medium, and high cold airflow velocity. Numerical calculations are used in CFD ANSYS FLUENT software with a model developed by Species Transport, SIMPLE algorithm, solver using pressure-based, mesh type is the dominant quadrilateral (rectangle). Turbulent modeling uses K-Epsilon standards. CFD analysis in the transient system condition results from numerical simulation, indicating that the leak will run out after 180 seconds with 0.005 kg/s (0.5 m/s). The moderate leak rate of 0.002 kg/s for R-32 is 450 seconds (7.5 minutes). The slower 0.001 kg/s with 0.1 m/s airflows for the R-32 ends after 900 seconds (15 minutes). The air and flow mass flow can affect the distribution and directly difluoromethane to the conditioned room. The effect of airflow rates and positioning holes in the concentration leaks is also analyzed when the unit's refrigerant leak is indoors as the air conditioner works.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MARKERLESS OPTICAL MOTION CAPTURE SYSTEM BY AN ACTION SPORTS CAMERA FOR RUNNING MOTION
Authors: Ferryanto F. , Mahyuddin Andi Isra , Nakashima Motomu
Published: June 2022

A marker-based optical motion capture system is often used to obtain the kinematics parameters of a running analysis. However, the attached marker could affect the participant's movement, and the system is costly because of the exclusive cameras. Due to its drawbacks, the present research aimed to develop an affordable markerless optical motion capture system for running motion. The proposed system used an action sports camera to acquire the running images of the participant. The images were segmented to get the silhouette of the participant. Then, a human body model was generated to provide a priori information to track participants' segment position. The subsequent procedure was image registration to estimate the pose of the participant's silhouette. The transformation parameters were estimated by particle swarm optimization. The optimization output in the form of the rotation angle of the body segment was then employed to identify right or left lower limbs. To validate the results of the optimization, a manual matching was conducted to obtain the actual rotation angle for all body segments. The correlation coefficient between the rotation angle from image registration and the actual rotation angle was then evaluated. It was found that the lowest correlation coefficient was 0.977 for the left foot. It implies that the accuracy of the developed system in the present work is acceptable. Furthermore, the results of the kinematics analysis have good agreement with the literature. Therefore, the developed system, not only yields acceptable running parameters, but also affordable since it uses an action sports camera and easy to use.
EVALUATION OF DRAW SOLUTIONS FOR FORWARD OSMOSIS USING A SODIUM ALGINATE-BACTERIAL CELLULOSE MEMBRANE FOR WATER RECOVERY
Authors: Acyatan Alyssa Mae , Lim Czarielle Audrey , Orbecido Aileen , Patacsil Liza , Beltran Arnel
Published: June 2022

Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging membrane technology that is comparable with existing industrial membrane separation processes. Several studies have shown the potential of bacterial cellulose-alginate (BCA) as membrane material for FO system. An ideal draw solution (DS) compatible with this material was investigated. The three solutions used in the study include NaCl, MgCl2, and fructose. A simulated dirty water was used as the feed solution (FS) and a BCA as the membrane. An optimization study was conducted using central composite design (CCD) with the aid of Design Expert 7.0.0. The optimization was based on a fitted linear model analyzed through ANOVA with the normalized water flux maximized. The optimal solution was determined to be fructose with operating conditions at an osmotic pressure of 70 bar and a flow rate of 300 mL/min. The normalized water flux given these optimal conditions is predicted to be 1.437 LMH∙mm with a desirability of 0.768.
DEVELOPMENT OF A BUS TRACKING AND MONITORING DEVICE USING ARDUINO NODE MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: Rahimi Mohamad Khairul Hafizi , Mohamad Roslina , Kassim Murizah , Abdullah Ezmin , Shuhaimi Nurain Izzati
Published: June 2022

Since the opening of Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam Campus (UiTM-SAC), the university has accommodated its students by providing free bus transportation around the campus. The buses are operated based on a specific time schedule. However, students often have to wait a long time for buses because the buses do not usually arrive on schedule. In addition, the bus schedule is manually controlled by an officer, which takes time, and the data can easily be lost. Hence, the goal of this research is to develop a bus tracking and monitoring system for the UiTM-SAC. Arduino node microcontroller unit and global positioning system (GPS) sensors were used to send and receive GPS location information. The data retrieved from these sensors were displayed on an organic light-emitting diode and stored in a web-based software spreadsheet. For the experimental test, only one bus was used for collecting and analysing data. Data were immediately presented on the user interface. The results indicate that the system was able to track and monitor the bus by providing the bus’s latitude, longitude and speed. The results also revealed some key factors that affect the time required for a bus to complete a route based on users’ demands at that time. The difference in demand was 76.2%, as most students use the UiTM bus service in the morning than in the evening. In conclusion, by using the proposed bus campus tracking and monitoring system, users can easily find the exact location of buses running at the UiTM-SAC
RAIN DETECTING ACCURACY OF WEATHER RESEARCH FORECASTING (WRF) AND TRMM RAINFALL PRODUCT OVER CAMBODIA
Authors: Koem Chhuonvuoch , Tantanee Sarintip
Published: June 2022

Rainfall is one of the important parameters for evaluating flood hazard risk. Cambodia is a vulnerable country to extreme rainfall where the number of rain gauges over the country is limited. Therefore, the possibilities of applying rainfall products from satellite observation and rainfall forecasting models are crucial for the country. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the detecting accuracy of the rainfall-based Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model and TRMM rainfall products by comparing with observed rainfall during heavy rainfall for different topography over Cambodia. The categorical statistic is used to calibrate the rainfall from the WRF model with observed rainfall from 23 stations over Cambodia on selected heavy rainfall dates of 15, 17, and 19 September 2019. Cambodia experienced floods along the Tonle Sap River and the Mekong Basin by the triggered heavy rainfall. The results show that the detecting accuracy of days 15, 17, and 19 from TRMM rainfall matched with observed rainfall are 55%, 71%, and 63%, respectively. The average detecting accuracy of mountainous is 65% whereas plains are 63.33%. The average detecting accuracy of coastal and Tonle Sap is 53.66% and 63%, respectively. Moreover, the detecting accuracy of days 15, 17, and 19 forecasts from the WRF model compared with observed rainfall are 41%, 69%, and 63%, respectively. The average detecting accuracy of mountainous, plains, coastal, and Tonle Sap are 52%, 55.66%, 52.33%, and 65.66%, individually. The forecast rainfall from the WRF model and TRMM could detect the rainfall. They are therefore should be used in the areas that lack rainfall stations in Cambodia.
Preferred Neighborhood Projects Among Millennials: Yes, In My Backyard
Authors: Sim Hui-Shan , Choong Weng-Wai , Wee Siaw-Chui , Low Sheau-Ting
Published: June 2022

The millennial generation, Gen Y and Gen Z, have different residential preferences compared to the previous generation. This study aims to understand the millennial’s preferences towards the type of project development and their willingness to pay for the premium towards the preferred type of development to be built in their neighborhood. A total of 407 responses were collected through online survey and analyzed by using relative important index and frequency analysis. The results imply that millennials prefer recreational park, police booth, community garden, transit station and feeder bus route to be built within their neighborhood. Nevertheless, millennials are more willing to pay for the transit station, followed by educational institution, recreational park, police booth, and integrated public transport terminal. This study will help planners, developers, and the local authority to understand the preferences among the millennials, thus matching with relevant development to enhance liveability and better marketability of their residential project.
Influencing Factors and Measures of Users’ Privacy Disclosure in Social E-commerce
Authors: Wu Yixuan , Zou Yumin
Published: June 2022

This paper integrates Utility Theory and Communication Privacy Management Theory to explore the influencing factors of privacy disclosure in social e-commerce scenarios. The aim of this research is to provide references to optimize service for platform operators and encourage users to participate in content creation. Social e-commerce websites are the platforms based on social networking. It shortens the distance with consumers and promote e-commerce transaction activities. However, the leakage of personal privacy on the platform has cracked down on the willingness of users to disclose information. This paper collects sample data through questionnaire survey for analysis. Based on users’ psychology, suggestions are given on upgrading data encryption technology to strengthen platform image marketing and give information management rights to users. It is found that perceived revenue, perceived information control and trust stimulate users’ privacy disclosure, while perceived risk suppresses user’s privacy disclosure in social e-commerce website.
An Experimental Approach to Evaluate Film Thickness in Starved Large-Size Spinning Contacts
Authors: Porras-Vazquez Alberto , Philippon David , Fillot Nicolas , Vergne Philippe , Devaux Nicolas , Lafarge Lionel , Morales-Espejel Guillermo E.
Published: June 2022

In the present work, we evaluate the effects of lubricant starvation on the film thickness of spinning large-size point contacts from an experimental standpoint. This kind of contact is found in roller bearings in which the lubrication of the roller-end/flange contacts may be critical with respect to the system performance. First, the conception and validation of a dedicated experimental setup inducing both test conditions, either independently or combined, is exposed. Then, the work presents novel experimental measurements that corroborate the numerical trends determined in earlier work from the authors and describe the behavior of such contacts from the perspective of its kinematic field. Finally, both maximum and minimum film thicknesses obtained experimentally and numerically are gathered in a chart and compared well with the results given by a hybrid analytical model, combining independently starvation and spinning influences.
Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition and atomic layer etching of gallium oxide using trimethylgallium
Authors: Hatch Kevin A. , Messina Daniel C. , Nemanich Robert J.
Published: June 2022

Atomic layer etching driven by self-limiting thermal reactions has recently been developed as a highly conformal and isotropic technique for low damage atomic scale material removal by sequential exposures of vapor phase reactants. Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is currently among the materials of interest due to a large variety of applications including power electronics, solar cells, gas sensors, and photon detectors. In this study, Ga2O3 was deposited by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition using trimethylgallium [TMG, Ga(CH3)3] and O2 plasma at a substrate temperature of 200 °C. We report a newly developed method for Ga2O3 thermal atomic layer etching, in which surface modification is achieved through HF exposure resulting in a gallium fluoride surface layer, and then removed through volatile product formation via ligand exchange with TMG. Saturation of the precursor exposure at a substrate temperature of 300 °C resulted in an etch rate of 1.0 ± 0.1 Å/cycle for amorphous Ga2O3. Uniformity and conformality of the atomic layer etching process were confirmed via atomic force microscopy with a measured surface roughness of 0.55 ± 0.05 nm that remains unchanged after etching. The use of TMG for etching may expand available precursors for atomic layer etching processes, while allowing for both etching and deposition of Ga2O3 using the same metalorganic precursor.
Observing hyperfine interactions of NV− centers in diamond in an advanced quantum teaching lab
Authors: Yang Yang , Vallabhapurapu Hyma H. , Sewani Vikas K. , Isarov Maya , Firgau Hannes R. , Adambukulam Chris , Johnson Brett C. , Pla Jarryd J. , Laucht Arne
Published: June 2022

The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) center in diamond is a model quantum system for university teaching labs due to its room-temperature compatibility and cost-effective operation. Based on the low-cost experimental setup that we have developed and described for the coherent control of the electronic spin [Sewani et al., Am. J. Phys. 88, 1156–1169 (2020)], we introduce and explain here a number of more advanced experiments that probe the electron–nuclear interaction between the NV− electronic and the 14N and 13C nuclear spins. Optically detected magnetic resonance, Rabi oscillations, Ramsey fringe experiments, and Hahn echo sequences are implemented to demonstrate how the nuclear spins interact with the electron spins. Most experiments only require 15 min of measurement time and, therefore, can be completed within one teaching lab.
Motion of a charged particle in the static fields of an infinite straight wire
Authors: Franklin Joel , Griffiths David J. , Mann Nelia
Published: June 2022

The nonrelativistic trajectory of a point charge q in the magnetic field of a steady line current I is characterized by the three components of its initial velocity. The motion is periodic in the cylindrical coordinates s, ϕ̇, and ż, describing, in the generic case, a kind of “double helix,” with one helix serving as a guide while the other winds around it. A positive charge “drifts” in the direction of the current (a negative charge goes the other way). The inclusion of a uniform line charge λ (coinciding with the current) does not alter the motion qualitatively, but it does change the drift velocity, and can even reduce it to zero, collapsing the trajectory to the surface of a toroid. The relativistic treatment modifies and illuminates these results.
Palimpsest memories stored in memristive synapses
Authors: Giotis Christos , Serb Alexander , Manouras Vasileios , Stathopoulos Spyros , Prodromakis Themis
Published: June 2022

Biological synapses store multiple memories on top of each other in a palimpsest fashion and at different time scales. Palimpsest consolidation is facilitated by the interaction of hidden biochemical processes governing synaptic efficacy during varying lifetimes. This arrangement allows idle memories to be temporarily overwritten without being forgotten, while previously unseen memories are used in the short term. While embedded artificial intelligence can greatly benefit from this functionality, a practical demonstration in hardware is missing. Here, we show how the intrinsic properties of metal-oxide volatile memristors emulate the processes supporting biological palimpsest consolidation. Our memristive synapses exhibit an expanded doubled capacity and protect a consolidated memory while up to hundreds of uncorrelated short-term memories temporarily overwrite it, without requiring specialized instructions. We further demonstrate this technology in the context of visual working memory. This showcases how emerging memory technologies can efficiently expand the capabilities of artificial intelligence hardware toward more generalized learning memories.
Untethered small-scale magnetic soft robot with programmable magnetization and integrated multifunctional modules
Authors: Dong Yue , Wang Lu , Xia Neng , Yang Zhengxin , Zhang Chong , Pan Chengfeng , Jin Dongdong , Zhang Jiachen , Majidi Carmel , Zhang Li
Published: June 2022

Intelligent magnetic soft robots capable of programmable structural changes and multifunctionality modalities depend on material architectures and methods for controlling magnetization profiles. While some efforts have been made, there are still key challenges in achieving programmable magnetization profile and creating heterogeneous architectures. Here, we directly embed programmed magnetization patterns (magnetization modules) into the adhesive sticker layers to construct soft robots with programmable magnetization profiles and geometries and then integrate spatially distributed functional modules. Functional modules including temperature and ultraviolet light sensing particles, pH sensing sheets, oil sensing foams, positioning electronic component, circuit foils, and therapy patch films are integrated into soft robots. These test beds are used to explore multimodal robot locomotion and various applications related to environmental sensing and detection, circuit repairing, and gastric ulcer coating, respectively. This proposed approach to engineering modular soft material systems has the potential to expand the functionality, versatility, and adaptability of soft robots.
Regulation of Enterotoxins Associated with Bacillus cereus Sensu Lato Toxicoinfection
Authors: Prince Cassidy , Kovac Jasna
Published: June 2022

Bacillus cereus sensu lato
(
s.l.
) includes foodborne pathogens, as well as beneficial microorganisms, such as bioinsecticides. Some of the beneficial and commercially used
B. cereus
s.l.
strains have been shown to carry enterotoxin genes, the products of which can cause toxicoinfection in humans.
Genome Sequences of Two New Pandoravirus Strains Isolated from Brazil and France
Authors: Brahim Belhaouari Djamal , Hannat Sihem , Rodrigues Rodrigo , Aherfi Sarah , La Scola Bernard , Andreani Julien
Published: June 2022

Pandoraviruses are giant viruses of amoebas with a wide range of genome sizes (1.5 to 2.5 Mbp) and 1-μm ovoid viral particles. Here, we report the isolation, genome sequencing, and annotation of two new strains from the proposed family Pandoraviridae: Pandoravirus belohorizontensis and Pandoravirus aubagnensis.
Engineering
Pseudomonas putida
To Produce Rhamnolipid Biosurfactants for Promoting Phenanthrene Biodegradation by a Two-Species Microbial Consortium
Authors: Qin Ruolin , Xu Tao , Jia Xiaoqiang
Published: June 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are recalcitrant, carcinogenic, and tend to bioaccumulate, are widespread and persistent environmental pollutants. Based on these characteristics, the U.S.
Cefadroxil Comparable to Cephalexin: Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations among Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Pediatric Musculoskeletal Infections
Authors: Haynes Andrew S. , Prinzi Andrea , Silveira Lori J. , Parker Sarah K. , Lampe Jed N. , Kavanaugh Jeffrey S. , Horswill Alexander R. , Fish Douglas
Published: June 2022

Cephalexin and cefadroxil are oral antibiotics that are used to treat serious infections due to the bacteria MSSA. While cephalexin is used more commonly, cefadroxil is excreted from the body more slowly; this generally allows patients to take cefadroxil less frequently than cephalexin.
Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) NS1′ Enhances the Viral Infection of Dendritic Cells (DCs) and Macrophages in Pig Tonsils
Authors: Xie Shengda , Pan Junhui , Zhang Qiuting , Guan Ruting , Yang Xingmiao , Yang Xiaoxiao , Liang Zhenjie , Cao Ruibing
Published: June 2022

Pigs are amplification hosts for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). JEV can persist in the tonsils for months despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies.
Supplemental Material: New constraints on the source of loess from U/Th-Pb geochronology of detrital multi-minerals
Authors: Zhou Guangyan , Wu Yuanbao , al. et
Published: June 2022

Geological background of the Chinese Loess Plateau source regions, samples and analytical methods, supplemental Figures S1–S4, and data tables S1–S4. 
Supplemental Material: Crushed turtle shells: Proxies for lithification and burial-depth histories
Authors: Petermann H. , al. et , Hagadorn J.W.
Published: June 2022

Figure S1: Comparison of lithification depths derived from plastron length and carapace length. Table S1: Plastron size data and plastron-based burial-depth estimates. Table S2: Carapace size data and carapace-based burial-depth estimates. Table S3: Different surface porosity values used to estimate burial depth. Table S4: Outcomes of similarity tests between plastron- and carapace-based depth estimates. Plastron and carapace depth models are similar. Item S1: Reconstruction of thickness of overlying sediment packages. Item S2: R Script.
Ductus arteriosus and the preterm brain
Authors: Chock Valerie Y. , Bhombal Shazia , Variane Gabriel F.T. , Van Meurs Krisa P. , Benitz William E.
Published: June 2022

As the approach to the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the preterm infant remains controversial, the potential consequences of a significant ductal shunt on the brain should be evaluated. In this population at high risk of adverse outcomes, including intraventricular haemorrhage and white matter injury, as well as longer-term neurodevelopmental impairment, it is challenging to attribute sequelae to the PDA. Moreover, individual patient characteristics including gestational age and timing of PDA intervention factor into risks of brain injury. Haemodynamic assessment of the ductus combined with bedside neuromonitoring techniques improve our understanding of the role of the PDA in neurological injury. Effects of various PDA management strategies on the brain can similarly be investigated. This review incorporates current understanding of how the PDA impacts the developing brain of preterm infants and examines modalities to measure these effects.
What do healthcare professionals want from a resource to support person-centred conversations on physical activity? A mixed-methods, user-centric approach to developing educational resources
Authors: Reid Hamish , Caterson Jessica , Smith Ralph , Baldock James , Jones Natasha , Copeland Robert
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Healthcare is a fundamental action area in population efforts to address the global disease burden from physical inactivity. However, healthcare professionals lack the knowledge, skills and confidence to have regular conversations about physical activity. This study aimed to: (1) understand the requirements of healthcare professionals and patients from a resource to support routine physical activity conversations in clinical consultations and (2) develop such a resource.

Methods

This study used codesign principles across two phases, actively involving relevant stakeholders in an iterative development process. The preparatory phase included a scoping literature review and workshops with multidisciplinary healthcare professionals and patients. The Delphi phase included the development of a draft resource, a three-stage modified online Delphi study and an external review.

Results

The scoping review highlighted the importance of addressing time restrictions, a behaviour change skill deficit, the need for resources to fit into existing systems and meeting patient expectations. Consultation included 69 participants across two clinical workshops. They recommended using the internet, valued guidance on all aspects of physical activity conversations and were concerned about how to use a person-centred approach. The Delphi phase, including 15 expert participants, met agreement criteria in two stages to develop the resource.

Conclusion

This mixed-methods study delivered an online resource that was codesigned with and based on the requirements of healthcare professionals and patients. The resource presents condition-specific ‘1-minute’, ‘5-minute’ and ‘more minute’ person-centred and evidence-based conversation templates on physical activity in an accessible and usable format to meet the needs of real-life clinical practice.
Principlist approach to multiple heart valve replacements for patients with intravenous drug use-induced endocarditis
Authors: Daly Daniel
Published: June 2022

Medical professionals often deny patients who inject opioids a second or third heart valve replacement, even if such a surgery is medically indicated. However, such a position is not well defended. As this paper demonstrates, the ethical literature on the topic too often fails to develop and apply an ethical lens to analyse the issue of multiple valve replacements. This paper addresses this lacuna by analysing the case of Mr Walsh, a composite case which protects the identity of any one patient, through the principlist approach of Beauchamp and Childress. It argues that the hospital should offer Mr Walsh, a second valve replacement because the procedure is: medically indicated, autonomously requested, non-maleficent, beneficent and does not violate a formal account of justice. The paper concludes with clinical ethical guidelines for valve surgery for patients with opioid use disorder.
Considering regeneration failure in the context of changing climate and disturbance regimes in western North America
Authors: Stevens-Rumann Camille S. , Prichard Susan J. , Whitman Ellen , Parisien Marc-André , Meddens Arjan J.H.
Published: June 2022

Wildfire-mediated changes to forests have prompted numerous studies on post-fire forest recovery of coniferous forests. Given climate change, a growing body of work demonstrates that conifer regeneration in temperate and boreal forests is declining, a phenomenon often termed “regeneration failure.” However, the definition and parameters are numerous and variable. Characterization of drought also varies greatly, thus hindering the ability to compare results among areas. This review discusses new perspectives on conifer regeneration failure and places these studies into the context of drought and fire activity. We focus this review on three forest types where conifer regeneration failure is well documented: western boreal forests, cold mixed-conifer forests, and dry pine forests. To place the challenges to conifer tree regeneration in the context of regional climate trends, we present a novel regional analysis that summarizes drought conditions prior, during, and following the year of a large wildfire. We demonstrate the need to assess failure in the context of specific forest dynamics and well-defined metrics. For example, tree establishment may historically occur over longer periods, and current and future climate may exacerbate this and not promote pre-fire forest structure and composition. Many forests are undergoing rapid change and the type, magnitude, and causes of changes need to be compared among areas. As such, we should be cautious of quantifying “regeneration failure” and drought without providing spatial and temporal context.
Construction of a pseudo-Newtonian potential for a spinning black hole embedded in quintessence background: Brief accretion studies
Authors: Deogharia Giridhari
Published: June 2022

It is found difficult to construct a complete general relativistic theory for an accretion disc around a relativistic compact star. There exists a trend to reproduce the effects of general relativistic attraction by using a pseudo-Newtonian approach. One such pseudo-Newtonian force for a spinning black hole sitting in quintessence background is constructed in this paper. Comparison with general relativity at different parametric values is picturised thoroughly. Next, an accretion model using this newly constructed pseudo-Newtonian force is built. The radial inward speed gradient is found to be expressed as a ratio of two functions. It can be realized easily that among these two functions, the denominator might vanish for a particular value of radial speed in the interval zero to speed of light. To make the flow physical, the numerator should vanish at the same radial distance. This will ultimately generate two speed profiles starting from the particular radial distance. This is the cause of generation for accretion and wind branches. It has been followed that the disc is truncated at a finite distance due to the fact that the specific angular momentum becomes larger than the Keplerian angular momentum beyond that. Effects of the spin of the central gravitating object are followed along with the intense effect of the quintessence parameters concerned. Accretion and wind density profiles are also studied to find the density variations near the central engine. Ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density is analyzed in the presence of quintessence for viscous accretion flows.
Incompatible bounded category forcing axioms
Authors: Asperó David , Viale Matteo
Published: June 2022

We introduce bounded category forcing axioms for well-behaved classes [Formula: see text]. These are strong forms of bounded forcing axioms which completely decide the theory of some initial segment of the universe [Formula: see text] modulo forcing in [Formula: see text], for some cardinal [Formula: see text] naturally associated to [Formula: see text]. These axioms naturally extend projective absoluteness for arbitrary set-forcing — in this situation [Formula: see text] — to classes [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text]. Unlike projective absoluteness, these higher bounded category forcing axioms do not follow from large cardinal axioms but can be forced under mild large cardinal assumptions on [Formula: see text]. We also show the existence of many classes [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text] giving rise to pairwise incompatible theories for [Formula: see text].
U-Shaped Relation between Negative Emotions and Customer Creativity in Corporate Innovation Context
Authors: Lin Mengfei , Zhang Depeng , Liu Si , Huang Yanpin
Published: June 2022

Purpose — Emotion is one of the key factors affecting creativity. In the field of marketing research, researchers generally begin to explore how to make rational use of customers” negative emotions to contribute to companies’ innovation process. However, the existing views are still divergent. Design/methodology/approach — To explore the relationship between customers’ negative emotions and creativity, we construct a research model from the perspective of self-determination Theory and Resource Preservation Theory, Based on this model, we conducted an empirical study with 401 participants. Findings: — We found that there is an inverse U-shaped relation between negative emotion and creativity. And we further verified the mediating role of customer intrinsic motivation and the moderating role of innovation self-efficacy. Originality/value — The understanding of the nonlinear relationship between emotion and creativity may provide valuable theoretical contributions to the research of creativity, and provide practical guidance for the design of innovative activities.
BofAEG: Automated Stack Buffer Overflow Vulnerability Detection and Exploit Generation Based on Symbolic Execution and Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Xu Shenglin , Wang Yongjun
Published: June 2022

Stack buffer overflow vulnerability is a common software vulnerability that can overwrite function return addresses and hijack program control flow, causing serious system problems. Existing automated exploit generation (AEG) solutions cannot bypass position-independent executable (PIE) exploit mitigation and cannot cope with the situation where the standard output function is not introduced into the program. In this paper, we propose a solution to alleviate the above difficulties: BofAEG, which is based on symbolic execution and dynamic analysis to automatically detect stack buffer overflow vulnerability and generate exploit. We used to capture the flag (CTF) and common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVE) programs for experiments. Results show that BofAEG can not only detect and generate exploits effectively but also implement more exploit techniques and is faster than existing AEG solutions.
Fuzzy Control PID Parameter Tuning and Mathematical Modeling Based on Mobile Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Ji Shoufeng , Liu Hui
Published: June 2022

A simple fuzzy rectification model based on mobile virtual reality technology based on PID parameters and mathematical modeling is reduced. In the PID control algorithm, parameter rectification is very important, which directly affects the control performance. The fixed parameters of the traditional method in some systems do not consider all the control indicators. Therefore, fuzzy control adjusts PID parameters and performs several experimental methods. The results show that the mobile virtual reality technology overadjusts the amount and rise time of the control system, when 5% of the response time, etc., are required; the parameters set by the ZN method cannot be taken into account. The PID parameter tuning method is practical in modern control and is an effective advanced method. This method has a certain adaptive ability, and the fuzzy control of PID parameters rectification based on mobile virtual reality technology can achieve a better control effect.
Prediction of Necroptosis-Related Markers in Head and Neck Carcinoma by Bioinformatics
Authors: Zheng Lin , Li Minhui , Gu Ruiyuan , Zhang Haoxiang , Qi Xiaotong , Dong Honglin
Published: June 2022

Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that has recently been shown to be important in the progression of head and neck cancer (HNC). Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are known to function in cell death and tumor formation. In this study, we focused on microRNAs (miRNA) that play roles in necroptosis and the progression of HNC. We collected miRNA expression data, related clinical data of patients with HNC, and miRNA data related to necroptosis. A prognostic multimiRNA molecular marker was generated based on differential expression analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Target genes of the prognosis-related miRNAs were identified, and their functions were evaluated by Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis to reveal the processes the miRNAs may be involved in. Eight potentially prognostic miRNAs were identified through differential expression analysis: miR-331-3p, miR-181d-5p, miR-181b-5p, miR-500a-3p, miR-425-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-141-3p, and miR-200a-5p. Multivariate Cox regression identified the risk score as an independent prognostic factor (univariate Cox regression results: hazard ratio (HR): 2.2028, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2640–3.8388,

P
=
0.0053

; multivariate Cox regression results: HR: 2.4168, 95% CI: 1.3743–4.2501,

P
=
0.0022

). Survival curve analysis revealed that patients with a high risk score had a bad prognosis (

P
=
0.0109

). A receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the model has a certain prediction ability. We identified 187 miRNA-related genes, which were enriched in “cell cycle” and “cellular senescence.” In conclusion, this study identified eight novel miRNA markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with HNC and paved the way for future research on necroptosis-related genes.
Three-dimensional Face Recognition Method Based on Multiresolution Model and Fuzzy Random Matrix
Authors: Zhang Ziyou , Feng Ziliang , Guo Yanqiong , Wang Wei
Published: June 2022

Three-dimensional face recognition is one of the hotspots of biometric recognition and has a wide range of applications in the fields of information security, video surveillance, video tracking, and so on. The core part of 3D face recognition is to establish the corresponding 3D face model, and the key of building the model is how to obtain the shape model and accurate texture mapping. The problem has not been well solved in the field of face reconstruction. Based on the background, this paper makes an in-depth study and proposes a three-dimensional face recognition method based on multiresolution model and fuzzy random matrix. The face model reconstruction method of image and model can accurately obtain the contour change of face and the representation of specific features through multiresolution model, reduce the inaccurate description of error and noise in samples through fuzzy random matrix, and enhance the effectiveness of image information of classification and recognition. The experimental outcomes exhibit that the 3D face focus approach based totally on multiresolution mannequin and fuzzy random matrix efficiently improves the evaluation effectivity of the model, improves the great of mannequin matching, improves the function extraction in the cognizance process, and improves the attention rate.
Hybrid Genetic Algorithms for the Asymmetric Distance-Constrained Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Ahmed Zakir Hussain , Hameed Asaad Shakir , Mutar Modhi Lafta
Published: June 2022

We aim to suggest a simple genetic algorithm (GA) and other four hybrid GAs (HGAs) for solving the asymmetric distance-constrained vehicle routing problem (ADVRP), a variant of vehicle routing problem (VRP). The VRP is a difficult NP-hard optimization problem that has numerous real-life applications. The VRP aims to find an optimal tour that has least total distance (or cost) to provide service to n customers (or nodes or cities) utilizing m vehicles so that every vehicle starts journey from and ends journey at a depot (headquarters) and visits every customer only once. The problem has many variations, and we consider the ADVRP for this study, where distance traveled by every vehicle must not exceed a predefined maximum distance. The proposed GA uses random initial population followed by sequential constructive crossover and swap mutation. The HGAs enhance the initial solution using 2-opt search method and incorporate a local search technique along with an immigration procedure to obtain effective solution to the ADVRP. Experiments have been conducted among the suggested GAs by solving several restricted and unrestricted ADVRP instances on asymmetric TSPLIB utilizing several vehicles. Our experiments claim that the suggested HGAs using local search methods are very effective. Finally, we reported a comparative study between our best HGA and a state-of-the-art algorithm on asymmetric capacitated VRP and found that our algorithm is better than the state-of-the-art algorithm for the instances.