bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An interpretative phenomenological study about maternal perceptions of cesarean birth
Authors: Bawadi Hala , Al-Hamdan Zaid , Shaqra Nagham Abu , Gharaibeh Amer , Rawashdeh Hasan , Basha Asma , Jallad Majida , Majali Sawsan , AboShindi Heba , Taym Mahmoud
Published: February 2025

Aim

To explore the perceptions of Jordanian primipara and para 1 women regarding Cesarean section delivery and provide insights for clinical practice, policy development, and future research to optimize maternity care practices and outcomes in Jordan and similar contexts.

Background

Global Cesarean section (CS) rates have risen steadily over recent decades. Jordan has witnessed a significant increase in CS rates. This trend has sparked interest in understanding the underlying factors behind this phenomenon and the perceptions surrounding CS delivery. Understanding these factors is essential for informing healthcare practices and promoting optimal maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

Methods

Forty-one primipara and para 1 women were interviewed within seven focus groups. The analysis was conducted using interpretative phenomenological analysis with the assistance of the NVivo 12 software program.

Results

Three main themes were identified: The Foundation of Women’s Knowledge and Cognitive Structures; The Influential Parties in Shaping Women’s Perceptions; and Transforming Perception into Action.

Discussion

To offer empathetic, comprehensive, and patient-centered care, healthcare professionals should discuss delivery options with pregnant mothers and factor in maternal preferences and perceptions. This study underscores the importance of supportive dialogue and informed decision-making in maternity care, advocating for a more individualized approach to childbirth.
Cryptic coral community composition across environmental gradients
Authors: Cabacungan Gia N. , Waduwara Kankanamalage Tharani N. , Azam Amilah F. , Collins Madeleine R. , Arratia Abigail R. , Gutting Alexandra N. , Matz Mikhail V. , Black Kristina L.
Published: February 2025

Cryptic genetic variation is increasingly being identified in numerous coral species, with prior research indicating that different cryptic genetic lineages can exhibit varied responses to environmental changes. This suggests a potential link between cryptic coral lineages and local environmental conditions. In this study, we investigate how communities of cryptic coral lineages vary along environmental gradients. We began by identifying cryptic genetic lineages within six coral species sampled around St. Croix, USVI based on 2b-RAD sequencing data. We then analyzed associations between the distributions of cryptic lineages across the six coral species (i.e., “cryptic coral community composition”) and ecoregions, or geographically distinct environmental conditions. Our findings show that depth is a more significant predictor of community composition than ecoregions and is the most influential factor among the 40 abiotic variables that characterize ecoregions. These results imply that cryptic coral communities are influenced by both depth and local environmental conditions, although the exact environmental factors driving these patterns remain unknown. Understanding community turnover across a seascape is important to consider when outplanting corals to restore a reef, as locally-adapted lineages may have differential fitness in different environmental conditions.
A Bacia do Vouga: Estudo Geográfico
Authors: Girão Aristides de Amorim
Published: February 2025

A primeira tese de doutoramento em Geografia em Portugal.
For a Future-Proofed Law of the Sea: Challenges and Opportunities Emerging from the Rapid Development of Technology
Authors: Qasmi Nabil Dina
Published: February 2025

In light of the recent technological developments such as artificial intelligence, space exploration technologies, etc., the urgent need to adopt a sustainable approach to laws and policies is now widely recognized. It is undoubtedly a contentious issue to make the law of the sea future-proofed and future-focused. The need to re-evaluate the maritime legal system is, however, more pressing than ever.
This paper will analyze the current and future intersection between the law of the sea and new technologies and will focus on ways to develop a forward-looking and more future-proofed framework for the law of the sea.
The study will raise questions about the extent and the capability of the legal imagination to match technological development. It will suggest how to rethink the current legal framework in a way that lawmakers and scientists closely work together to prevent maritime security issues. Consequently, it will not only focus on how to make the law of the sea future-proofed but also how to make its provisions future-oriented and in line with technological advances.
El impacto de la narcocultura como estilo de vida en las mujeres: contexto mexicano
Authors: Garcia Montoya Lizbeth
Published: February 2025

Esta contribución tiene por objetivo analizar el impacto que tiene la narcocultura como forma de vida en las mujeres en el estado de Sinaloa, México y, con ello, poder crear conciencia de un nuevo paradigma de violencia contra las mujeres que debe ser atendido desde el ámbito gubernamental a través de estrategias públicas que trastoquen desde diversas aristas el plano social. Para la realización de este estudio se siguió una metodología con enfoque cualitativo a un nivel descriptivo, basado en el método de la teoría fundamentada, direccionado bajo la técnica de entrevista. Nuestra muestra estuvo constituida por 5 mujeres mayores de edad, sinaloenses y que estuvieran viviendo bajo el estilo de vida de la narcocultura y el muestreo utilizado fue el muestreo por avalancha.
Optical emission spectrum of the orange bands of iron monoxide (FeO) produced by pulsed 1064 nm laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (Libs) on a Fe target in air.
Authors: Möhlmann Gustaaf Ronald
Published: February 2025

The so-called ‘orange emission bands’ of the gaseous iron monoxide (FeO) in the wavelength region 550 nm - 650 nm have been investigated. The emission spectrum resulted from Libs on an iron (Fe) target in atmospheric air by applying a single shot, 5 nanosecond pulse of 1064 nm Nd:YAG-laser light with pulse energies up to 200 mJ. One of the results obtained, is a fairly clean FeO-spectrum virtually free from atomic Fe neutral an/or ionic emissions. The FeO-spectrum spectrum has been realised by carefully selecting the appropriate area/volume of the Libs-emission plasma plume to collect the emitted radiation.
A apropriação Nazista de Platão
Authors: Nogueira de Sousa Carvalho José Roberto
Published: February 2025

Resumo: O trabalho em questão visa demonstrar como se deu a apropriação dos conceitos e argumentos filosóficos de Platão por parte daqueles que eram favoráveis ao Partido Nacional-Socialista. A apropriação se dá de forma que revela não somente a relação dos nazistas com a filosofia de Platão, mas também com a Filosofia como um campo do saber. Ao longo da pesquisa se revelará o contexto cultural de tal interpretação política do filósofo grego e, ademais, o ambiente intelectual que a tornou possível, analisando contribuições de filólogos, filósofos e poetas como Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorf, Werner Jaeger, Julius Stenzel, Stefan George, Kurt Hildebrandt, Joachim Bannes, Hans F. K. Günther entre outros. Denotamos, portanto, a importância de uma tradição alemã que perpassa grupos/movimentos como o Terceiro Humanismo e o Círculo de George para que Platão se torne “apropriável” pelos nazistas.
Palavras-chave: Platão; República; Nazismo.
The Nazi appropriation of Plato
Abstract: The work in question aims to demonstrate how the appropriation of Plato's philosophical concepts and arguments by those who favored the National Socialist Party took place. The appropriation occurs in a way that reveals not only the relationship of the Nazis with Plato's philosophy, but also with Philosophy as a field of knowledge. Throughout the research, the cultural context of such political interpretation of the Greek philosopher will be revealed and, moreover, the intellectual environment that made it possible, analyzing contributions from philologists, philosophers and poets such as Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorf, Werner Jaeger, Julius Stenzel, Stefan George, Kurt Hildebrandt, Joachim Bannes, Hans FK Günther among others. Therefore, we denote the importance of a German tradition that permeates groups/movements such as the Third Humanism and the George's Circle so that Plato becomes “appropriated” by the Nazis.
Keywords: Plato; Republic; Nazism.
 
Data de registro: 12/07/2024
Data de aceite: 26/09/2024
Estátuas Filosóficas: a noção de escultura no início do Livro II da República de Platão
Authors: Oliveira Lethícia Ouro Almeida Marques
Published: February 2025

Resumo: Quando se aborda a questão da arte em Platão, o foco costuma estar no Livro X da República onde Sócrates afirma que a arte mimética se encontra três graus afastada do real, das Ideias. Parece, assim, haver uma oposição entre arte e filosofia, esta mais próxima do real. Todavia, ao se lançar luz sobre outras partes da obra, nos deparamos com uma abordagem diferente. No início do Livro II do mesmo diálogo, por exemplo, a arte escultórica é usada para ilustrar procedimentos filosóficos: Gláucon expõe os homens justo e injusto como se estivesse a polir estátuas; os personagens moldam a cidade ideal. Há um procedimento mimético na filosofia, e esta tem um aspecto plástico. A arte escultórica é usada para falar da expressão do real. E este é um dos primeiros olhares ocidentais para uma arte que ainda não se consolidou como tal; há muitos termos gregos para uma arte que começa a se constituir como um gênero único somente no Renascimento. O que é uma escultura originalmente? Um encaminhamento a uma resposta parcial desta questão é o que pretendemos desenvolver neste texto.
Palavras-chave: Escultura; Platão; República.
Statues philosophiques: la notion de sculpture au début du Livre II de la République de Platon
Résumé: Quand on parle de la question de l’art chez Platon, on regarde habituellement le Livre X de la République, dans lequel Socrate dit que l’art mimétique est à trois degrés loin du réel, des Idées. Ainsi il semble qu’il y a une opposition entre l’art et la philosophie, qui est plus proche du réel. Cependant, si on regarde d'autres parties de l'œuvre, on voit une approche différente. Au début du Livre II du même dialogue, par exemple, l’art de la sculpture est utilisé pour illustrer des procédés philosophiques : Glaucon présente les hommes juste et injuste comme s'il était en train de polir statues; les personnages moulent la cité idéale. Il y a un procédé mimétique dans la philosophie et elle a un aspect plastique. L’art de la sculpture est utilisé pour parler de l'expression du réel. Et cela est un des premiers regards occidentaux sur un art qui ne s'est pas encore établi comme tel; il y a beaucoup de termes grecques pour un art qui commence à se constituer comme un genre unique seulement dans la Renaissance. Qu’est-ce qu'une sculpture à l'origine ? Ce texte vise à proposer une réponse partielle à cette question.
Mots-clés: Sculpture; Platon; République.
 
Data de registro: 31/08/2024
Data de aceite: 29/01/2025
Problemas Relacionados à Definição e o Significado no Argumento Elêntico de Aristóteles
Authors: Lemgruber Pedro
Published: February 2025

Resumo: Em Metafísica Gamma 4, Aristóteles argumenta contra supostos negadores do Princípio da Não-Contradição. O argumento elêntico, assim chamado devido à sua estrutura argumentativa que se assemelha a uma refutação (elenchus), é a parte mais notória dessa argumentação. Esse argumento começa com uma fala de um interlocutor hipotético, que deve ao menos enunciar algum termo significativo. Em seguida, uma definição desse termo deve ser dada. Então, tendo afirmado uma definição, o interlocutor de Aristóteles não poderia contradizer o que enunciou, sob pena de ininteligibilidade. Neste artigo, examinaremos as noções de significado e definição envolvidas neste argumento. Para tal, examinaremos a descrição do significado linguístico encontrada em De Interpretatione, bem como as discussões sobre definições de nomes de entidades fictícias desenvolvidas nos Segundos Analíticos. Concluiremos que as noções de definição e significado são centrais para o argumento elêntico, de tal modo que a força do argumento depende, em última instância, de aspectos da concepção aristotélica do processo de significação.
Palavras-chave: Não-Contradição; Metafísica; Aristóteles; Significado; Definição.
Problemas Relacionados con la Definición y el Significado en el Argumento Elentico de Aristóteles
Resumen: En Metafísica Gamma 4, Aristóteles argumenta contra los supuestos negadores del principio de no contradicción. El argumento elentico, llamado así por su estructura argumentativa que se asemeja a una refutación (elenchus), es la parte más notoria de este argumento. Este argumento comienza con el discurso de un hipotético interlocutor, quien al menos debe enunciar algún término significativo. A continuación, se debe dar una definición de este término. Así, una vez enunciada una definición, el interlocutor de Aristóteles no podía contradecir lo que enunciaba, so pena de ininteligibilidad. En este artículo, examinaremos las nociones de significado y definición involucradas en este argumento. Para hacer esto, examinaremos la descripción del significado lingüístico que se encuentra en De Interpretatione, así como las discusiones sobre definiciones de nombres de entidades ficticias desarrolladas en los Segundos Análisis. Concluiremos que las nociones de definición y significado son centrales para el argumento elentico, de tal manera que la fuerza del argumento depende en última instancia de aspectos de la concepción aristotélica del proceso de significación.
Palabras clave: No-Contradicción; Metafísica; Aristóteles; Significado; Definición.
 
Data de registro: 29/09/2024
Data de aceite: 29/01/2025
Living Hadith: Study of Transmission and Transformation of the Practice of Reading the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad saw
Authors: Qadri Abdul
Published: February 2025

Not only as a second guide after the Qur'an, some Muslims treat the hadith of Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhāri in a unique and unusual manner; read in turns without explanation like the practice of reciting the Koran. In contrast to reading the Koran, which has religious values (worship, intercession, and others), there are no hadiths or the Koran that encourage the reading of hadiths. Using a social history perspective, the paper attempts to explore how the early emergence and development of the practice of reading hadith Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhāri in the Islamic world and how hadith (text) exists in the social practices of Muslims. As a practice that spatializes the sound of hadith texts (living hadis), this paper finds four forms of classification of transmission-transformation of hadith reading practices: 1). Hadith reading in the tradition of hadith transmission, has emerged from the beginning as a method of teaching and spreading hadith. 2). The reading of hadiths in healing practices in the 3H century, was carried out by Ahmad bin Mashur al-Ramadi. 3). In the 7H/13M century, reading appeared and the use of Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhāri as a protective practice in the social space, as an intermediary for the personification of the Prophet to God in answering the problems faced by Muslims. 4). The reading and use of Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhāri developed into a routine annual tradition in the 8H/14AD centuries; Rajab; Sha'ban; Ramadan; dry months. Done with big celebrations to get goodness, blessings, piety, reward, intercession of the Prophet, revive the Prophet's Sunnah, preserve ancestral traditions, hospitality, and efficacious intermediaries of prayer.
Gus Iqdam's Interpretation of the Hadith about Loving Science and Ulama' at the Sabilu Taubah Assembly
Authors: Musthofa Qowim
Published: February 2025

The great urgency in loving knowledge and the ulama' is truly felt by various groups of society, including Gus Iqdam, the caregiver of the Sabilu Taubah assembly. This assembly was attended by tens of thousands of people who went viral on social media, so anything that emerged from Gus Iqdam would attract the attention of the wider public. This article discusses Gus Iqdam's interpretation of the hadith of loving knowledge and ulama at the Sabilu Taubah assembly which was done very simply, thus raising the question; What is Gus Iqdam's method of explaining hadith regarding science and ulama?, and what are the implications for the congregation?. Furthermore, this research uses qualitative methods with descriptive delivery and uses a content analysis approach. As a result, there are two conclusions from the results of this study; Firstly, Hadith is used by Gus Iqdam as a motivational guide for the audience. Second, Gus Iqdam uses a simple normative-contextual paradigm and focuses on adjusting the psychology of the congregation so that the practical meaning of the hadith can be conveyed according to the conditions of the recipient.
Essay On Dr. Jack Richman
Authors: Richman Marietta
Published: February 2025

Essay On Dr. Jack Richman
3D visualization of human colon tissue using a modified CUBIC-based tissue-clearing technique
Authors: Pavlov Pavel , Kontny Andreas , Wagner Neele , Kolev Nikola , Zlatarov Alexander , Kalinov Turgay , B. Tonchev Anton
Published: February 2025

Background: Colorectal cancer represents one of the most common neoplastic diseases worldwide, making it a frequent focus in routine pathological analyses. Visualizing complex three-dimensional (3D) structures, such as nerves within tumors, requires thick tissue sections, which necessitates the use of optical tissue-clearing methods to achieve transparency. However, following tissue clearing, samples typically require advanced imaging techniques such as light-sheet and two-photon confocal microscopy, which are usually unavailable in standard histological laboratories. Objective: We aimed to demonstrate how a well-established tissue-clearing approach can be adapted for use in a routine histological laboratory, enabling a robust 3D visualization of nerve fibers in samples of both normal human colon and colon cancer tissues. Methods: We modified the “clear unobstructed brain/body imaging cocktails” method, originally developed for whole-brain imaging in mice, and applied it to human colon tissue samples measuring approximately 10 mm3, a standard size typically processed in pathological laboratories. Results: Our protocol, which integrates a tissue-clearing technique, enabled reliable immunofluorescent visualization of colonic nerve fibers labeled with anti-β3-tubulin antibodies. The labeled nerve fibers could be observed using a standard epifluorescence microscope, and high-quality 3D reconstructions were generated through a simple image analysis approach using the open-source software ilastik, which eliminates the need for confocal microscopy. Conclusion: The proposed steps provide a valuable method for researchers to visualize complex 3D structures, such as neural cells and processes, in both normal and tumor-transformed tissue settings.
Die Behandlung von Zentralen Orten im kommunalen Finanzausgleich unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Funktionsteilungen am Beispiel des möglichen Oberzentrums Harz
Authors: Greiving Stefan , Fuchs Marisa , Terfrüchte Thomas
Published: February 2025

This research paper addresses the role of central places in communal fiscal equalisation and, in particular, the question of whether and, if so, how the additional burden associated with the provision of central place functions for the inhabitants of third municipalities is. For this purpose, the fiscal equalisation laws of the federal states are evaluated comparatively. While the role of central places in communal fiscal compensation is widely discussed in the spatial and financial literature, this does not apply to the specific question of the distribution of the additional burden on the municipalities involved in a function-sharing central place. The paper discusses this using the example of the proposed function-sharing upper centre consisting of the City of Halberstadt, World Heritage City Quedlinburg and the City of Wernigerode in the Harz planning region, Germany. This region has so far lacked an upper centre that is reasonably accessible and could help to ensure equal living conditions. It is argued that the distribution of the additional burden equalisation should not only consider the fiscal capacity of the municipalities involved but also their contribution to the joint fulfilment of functions, based on the respective upper-central supply function.
Defining the predictors for post renal transplant left ventricular dysfunction in end‐stage renal disease patients
Authors: Sheikhani Mahboobeh , Poorzand Hoorak , Ahmadi Mahnaz , Morovatdar Negar , Afshar Sara , Shahinfar Zahra
Published: February 2025

Reduced left ventricular (LV) function predicts poor outcomes in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to identify the pre‐renal transplantation echocardiographic parameters that can predict post‐renal transplantation LV failure. This prospective longitudinal study was conducted on patients with ESRD who underwent renal transplantation during 1 year. All patients underwent echocardiography, including ejection fraction (EF), global longitudinal strain (GLS), left ventricular end‐systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter (LVEDD), interventricular septal (IVS) thickness, peak velocity of early diastolic transmitral flow (E), peak velocity of late transmitral flow (A), early diastolic myocardial relaxation (Em), E/A, E/Em, Left atrial volume (LAV) index, tricuspid regurgitation peak gradient (TRPG), systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), 1 week before and 1 month after renal transplantation. Fifty patients participated in the current study. All echocardiographic parameters improved after transplantation. Post‐renal transplantation LV dysfunction was observed in 21 (42%) patients. Pre‐renal transplantation echocardiographic parameters (LVEDV, LVESD, LVEDD, IVS, E/Em, TRPG, SPAP, and LAV index) could predict post‐transplantation LV failure with high accuracy (AUC: 0.978).
Optimization of cyber security through the implementation of AI technologies
Authors: Nawaf Liqaa , Bentotahewa Vibhushinie
Published: February 2025

Identification of cyber threats is crucial and significant for determining substantial security techniques and approaches. This research illustrates a brief discussion of cyberspace challenges and threats in a disruptive era alongside comprehensive approaches in mitigating the risk of cyber threats. Additionally, the aim of this research is to provide beneficial approaches on how to handle cyber threats in detail. For example, threats and attacks may be caused in the absence of legislation, ethical standardization, support system, and lack of access control. The governance system, therefore, will put a lot of effort into communicating, identifying, and enforcing the principles of security to moderate risk. The Metaheuristic algorithms are stimulated by the human brain, so implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) that assists the Neural Network to mimic the behaviour of the human brain is important to predict significant outcomes. In this study, the author investigates and analyses the rapid growth of cyber threats to outline the solutions. The aim of this study is to contribute to cyber security optimization through implementing AI methodologies.
Lysophosphatidic acid 2 alleviates deep vein thrombosis via protective endothelial barrier function
Authors: Bai Ruifeng , Yue Xinyang , Tian Xuan , Zhao Huiru , Liu Ying , Li Tian , Wu Jun
Published: February 2025

Background

The specific role of lysophosphatidic acid 2 (LPA2) in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) remains unclear.

Methods

An inferior vena cava annulus retraction model of DVT was established in wild-type (WT) and global LPA2 knockout (Lpar2

−/−
) mice. We examined the incidence of DVT, wet weight of thrombus, length of thrombus, assessed endothelial permeability through Evans blue dye assay in vivo, cell viability, and endothelial cell (EC) permeability of mouse inferior vena cava ECs in vitro. Proteomics, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting were employed to investigate the role of LPA2 in DVT.

Results

Lpar2 deficiency increased vascular endothelial permeability and promoted the progression of DVT. Histological examination revealed aggravated inflammation in the thrombus of Lpar2
−/− DVT mice. In vitro, Lpar2
−/− resulted in increased permeability of ECs. Proteomic results indicated that DVT after Lpar2
−/− may be related to tight junction (TJ) protein. LPA2 agonist, 2-[4-(1,3-dioxo-1H,3H-benzoisoquinolin-2-yl)butylsulfamoyl] benzoic acid, significantly reduced vascular endothelial permeability as well as increased expression of the vascular endothelial TJ protein zonula occludens-1.

Conclusion

These data provide a novel mechanism of endothelial barrier protection of LPA2 in DVT.
The Dualist Metaphysics of the Incarnation and the Too Many Thinkers Problem
Authors: Lim Joungbin
Published: February 2025

In the literature on the Incarnation, Christ’s human nature is typically understood through the dualist view of human persons. Some dualists hold that the Son becomes human by acquiring a particular body-soul composite. According to them, the Incarnation involves two souls – one divine and one human. On the other hand, other dualists argue that Christ’s human nature is not a concrete particular but a set of properties necessary for being human. These dualists say that the Son, in becoming incarnate, becomes a compound of body and soul, which means there is only one soul present in the Incarnation. However, I contend that these dualist accounts of the Incarnation lead to the absurd multiplication of thinkers. If Christ is not divided or separated into two thinkers, dualists should deny that the Son takes on a soul as a part or becomes a compound of body and soul.
Building photonic links for microwave quantum processors
Authors: Zhao Han
Published: February 2025

Optical photons play unique role in transmitting information over long distances. Photonic links by the optical fiber networks compose the backbone of today’s global internet. Such fiber optics can also provide the most cost-effective quantum channels to distribute quantum information across distant stationary nodes in future large-scale quantum networks. This prospect motivates the recent emerging efforts in developing microwave-optical quantum transduction technology to interconnect microwave quantum processors. Various frequency conversion approaches are investigated to efficiently bridge the enormous electromagnetic frequency gap while preserving quantum coherence. Nonetheless, high-fidelity entanglement generation between remote quantum processing units has remained out of reach to date. Here, we summarize the state-of-the-art progresses in quantum transducer engineering and provide the perspectives on the key challenges and opportunities toward optically heralded quantum entanglement distributions.
Simultaneous control of three degrees of freedom in perfect vector vortex beams based on metasurfaces
Authors: Li Siyang , Zheng Yaqin , Zhou Changda , He Guoli , Shi Zhonghong , Li Haoyang , Zhou Zhang-Kai
Published: February 2025

The perfect vector vortex beams (PVVBs) have played an important role in various fields due to their advantages of unique vortex features, flexible polarization distribution and multiple degrees of freedom (DoFs). The simultaneous and precise control over multiple DoFs, such as the polarization distribution, beam shape and position which greatly influence various characteristics of PVVBs, holds paramount importance. However, it is still difficult to manipulate various DoFs in a multiplexing way and the control precision of polarization distribution only reaches the half-integer level, notably hindering the further application and development of PVVBs. Here, an approach that integrates holographic technique with geometric phase metasurfaces, experimentally demonstrates the multiplexing control of PVVBs over three DoFs, i.e., enabling the independent manipulation of non-uniform polarization distributions, beam shapes and spatial positions. Furthermore, non-integer polarization order of the generated PVVBs can be arbitrary non-integer numbers with a high resolution of 0.1, largely improving the control precision. With such multiplexing manipulation of PVVBs with high precision, we can provide abundant processing dimensions for information science and technologies, exhibiting broad application potentials in fields such as information encryption, high-speed optical communication, and precise particle manipulation.
Can Social Dialogue be Transformational in a Socially Polarised Brazil? Labour Relations under the Third Lula Administration
Authors: Silverman Jana , Gacek Stanley
Published: February 2025

Faced with a heterogeneous governing coalition and an unstable geopolitical scenario, the new Lula government is confronting many challenges to successfully enacting the social, economic and political reforms it promised during the 2022 presidential campaign. On the labour front, the current government has already made strides in rolling back some of the most regressive policies implemented during the Temer and Bolsonaro administrations that negated the possibility of real minimum wage increases and hobbled labour inspectors combatting modern-day slave labour. However, due to conflicting class interests, it will be more difficult to revoke key elements of the regressive 2017 labour law reform, which introduced new forms of precarious contracting, restricted access to the labour justice system, and curtailed union financing. This article will present a balance to date of the tripartite efforts to build and enact a pro-worker labour relations reform. We argue that the employers’ group’s path-dependent expectations to maintain many aspects of the previous labour law reform, together with labour’s diffuse support in the legislative branch, makes a more thorough-going reform that is advantageous for workers less likely to be implemented in the current conjuncture.
State intervention in post-Qin bronze production in Sichuan: scientific insights from mou vessels
Authors: Wang Xiaoting , Liu Ruiliang , Wang Ning , Yang Yindong , Jiang Tao , Wang Ruizhe , Li Pei , Yang Tao , Luo Wugan
Published: February 2025

Bronze mou vessels appear in Shu tombs in south-west China during the Eastern Zhou period (c. 771–256 BC). Examination of these vessels reveals major changes in the supply of metal and alloying technology in the Shu State, throwing new light on the social impact of the Qin conquest and later unification of China.
Šperk v roli geometrické abstrakce. Eleonora Reytharová
Authors: Nováková Kateřina Nora
Published: February 2025

We have encountered the name of Liberec jeweler Eleonora Reytharová in exhibitions and publication presentations of contemporary Czech jewelry since the end of the 1960s. Her distinctive creative style focuses mainly on geometric shapes in the intentions of geometric abstraction. She worked with squares, triangles and circles in both silver and copper in combination with acolored enamel surface. In some jewelry, she also applied elements of structural abstraction through wires, surface relief, or precious stones.
Jablonecký skleněný knoflík ve druhé polovině 20. a první čtvrtině 21. století. Nové výzvy, producenti a design v období socialismu i kapitalismu.
Authors: Hrušková Kateřina
Published: February 2025

The study contemplates the topic of industrial and smallscale workshop production of buttons in the Jizera Mountains, primarily in Jablonec nad Nisou and Železný Brod regions in the period from 1948 till the present, with an emphasis on the transformation of this specific branch of Jablonec costume jewelry as aresult of the nationalization and creation of the state-owned enterprises Železnobrodské sklo and Skleněná bižuterie, and also as aresult of privatization in the early 1990s. The study deals with the entire spectrum of production, from glass to metal to buttons and plastic materials. It deals with the history and production programs of specific enterprises and companies, some of which have not yet been covered sufficiently or at all in professional studies and publications. Two interrelated lines run through the text, namely the continuity of the production of glass buttons in the Jizera Mountains region and the design and fashion changes of buttons. The work is based on the analysis of written and material sources, but also on data obtained in the form of interviews with witnesses.
Satisfaction with health care among people with differences of sex development (DSD) in Germany
Authors: Schnoor Maike , Heidenreich Andreas , Jürgensen Martina , Döhnert Ulla , Hiort Olaf , Katalinic Alexander , _ _
Published: February 2025

Objective

Individuals with a difference of sex development (DSD) face complex medical and psychosocial challenges, which can make it difficult to provide care tailored to their needs and in line with guidelines. The DSDCare project in Germany regularly evaluates the quality of care for people with DSD, focusing on patient satisfaction as a key indicator of care quality.

Design

Nationwide, longitudinal, multicentre observational study in Germany, including people with DSD.

Methods

Since May 2021, ten specialised DSD centres have been recruiting individuals with DSD and collecting patient-related medical data in a registry. Participants and legal guardians, in the case of minors, complete a questionnaire about satisfaction with care using the Y/CHC-SUN questionnaire. Both medical and self-reported data were merged and analysed descriptively.

Results

Between May 2021 and December 2023, 141 adults and 232 parents completed the questionnaire. Of these, 81.9% of adults and 86.4% of parents reported being ‘very’ or ‘extremely satisfied’ with their healthcare. Satisfaction scores in the dimensions ‘doctor’s behaviour’ and ‘patient-centred care’ were very high for both adults and parents, while the dimensions ‘clinical environment’, ‘diagnosis/information’ and ‘coordination’ were rated slightly lower. Some participants expressed unmet needs for DSD training, psychological counselling, contact with self-advocacy groups and, in the case of adults, nutritional counselling.

Conclusion

Individuals with DSD treated at specialised DSD centres in Germany report high satisfaction with their care. The next step is to ensure that all individuals with DSD have access to a specialised centre to where their care needs can be met.

Significance statement

Several international guidelines provide recommendations for the management of individuals with DSD. Previous studies examining the evolution of management practices in response to these guidelines have concluded that while some are being implemented, others are not, with notable regional variations. In addition, there is limited understanding of satisfaction with care from the perspective of adults and, in particular, from parents of children with DSD, which is a key indicator of quality of care. Consequently, our study focused on patient-related outcomes and experiences, as well as on identifying unmet needs to enhance the quality of care for individuals with DSD in Germany.
RET@Thirty: the story behind identification of RET mutation as the cause of MEN2 and what it meant to clinical practice
Authors: Ponder Bruce , Kurzawinski Tom R
Published: February 2025

Graphical abstract
Newborn screening for central congenital hypothyroidism: past, present and future
Authors: Garrelfs Mark R , Mooij Christiaan F , Boelen Anita , van Trotsenburg A S Paul , Zwaveling-Soonawala Nitash
Published: February 2025

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is defined as thyroid hormone deficiency at birth and constitutes one of the most common causes of preventable intellectual disability worldwide. Central CH is caused by insufficient pituitary or hypothalamic control of thyroid function, biochemically characterized by a low serum free thyroxine (fT4), in combination with a low, normal or mildly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Central CH is less common than primary CH and is part of multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD) in most of the cases. MPHD at birth, also known as ‘congenital hypopituitarism’, is a potentially life-threatening condition due to the possible co-occurrence of adrenocorticotropin hormone and growth hormone deficiency that can result in severe hypoglycemia and adrenal crisis. To date, central CH is the only pituitary hormone deficiency suitable for newborn screening (NBS), providing an opportunity for early detection of MPHD. Even though the first NBS programs utilized T4-based methods that were able to identify central CH, most countries have since transitioned to TSH-based approaches due to the high rate of false positives associated with T4-based strategies. Now, 50 years after the introduction of NBS for CH, only a few countries around the world have a screening program capable of detecting central CH. In this paper, we review the past, present and future of NBS for central CH. We will outline the importance of early detection of central CH and discuss the challenges and opportunities of screening for this condition.
Adoctrinamiento, manipulación y feminidad en la prensa franquista: La Nueva España de Oviedo durante la Guerra Civil y la inmediata posguerra (1936-1943)
Authors: Benavente Serra Ángel
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar un acercamiento al discurso y las fórmulas propagandísticas que, durante la Guerra Civil y los años inmediatamente posteriores, dominaron la prensa vinculada al Movimiento con el objetivo de difundir y consolidar un arquetipo femenino uniforme, manipulable e inserto en los proyectos ideológicos y de reconstrucción nacional del nuevo régimen franquista. A fin de plantear una aproximación ante tales aspectos, este trabajo toma como punto de partida una contextualización del ámbito de la prensa y la propaganda del Movimiento durante sus primeros años de vida, llevándose a cabo una introducción ante el objeto del estudio: el diario La Nueva España de Oviedo. El análisis de las páginas de dicho periódico, bien de sus noticias como de sus secciones, ha facilitado la base para obtener una visión concreta sobre el modelo discursivo y los patrones propagandísticos de género impulsados por el régimen en el plano periodístico. En último lugar, se ha planteado una breve pero necesaria exposición que remarca el paralelo seguimiento de los patrones tratados por algunos de los principales diarios adscritos al Movimiento en el panorama bélico y posbélico.
Impacto de los juegos de mesa en el aprendizaje escolar: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors: Velázquez Callado Carlos
Published: February 2025

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar el impacto de los juegos de mesa en el aprendizaje escolar. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica publicada en los últimos ocho años sobre la introducción de juegos de mesa no digitales en la educación obligatoria. La revisión se centró en investigaciones y experiencias en contextos de educación formal, específicamente en Educación Primaria y Secundaria. Los datos se recopilaron de 57 artículos publicados en revistas científicas durante este período, utilizando los modelos de revisión sistemática de la literatura (Tranfield et al., 2003) y siguiendo las pautas del informe PRISMA (Moher et al., 2009). Se realizó un proceso riguroso de selección y análisis de fuentes, presentando los resultados en función de la localización geográfica, etapa educativa, áreas de conocimiento, tipos de juegos de mesa utilizados y los logros derivados de las intervenciones. Las conclusiones principales revelan una dispersión geográfica de los estudios, una diversidad en las áreas curriculares implicadas, destacando Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, y una preferencia por juegos diseñados por personas docentes e investigadoras sobre los comercializados. Los estudios atribuyen a los juegos de mesa beneficios en los ámbitos académico, social y afectivo-motivacional, aunque se señala la necesidad de más investigación empírica para determinar la efectividad del aprendizaje basado en juegos de mesa en contextos educativos reales.
Innovación educativa desde la perspectiva sociocultural: componentes contextuales y teóricos en una Carrera de Educación Inicial
Authors: Quesada Monge Ana Cristina
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo comprender los componentes contextuales y teóricos de la innovación educativa desde la perspectiva sociocultural en una Carrera de Educación Inicial de una sede regional universitaria, los cuales se conocieron a partir de una tesis doctoral realizada en el Programa de Doctorado en Educación de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Costa Rica. Estos componentes surgieron de dos preguntas secundarias y objetivos específicos de la investigación doctoral, que al ser analizados desde esta perspectiva teórica, generaron nuevos aprendizajes sobre el tema. En tal sentido, la finalidad del presente artículo es compartir estos aprendizajes para que se constituyan en nuevos conocimientos y un referente investigativo para otros estudios relacionados. La indagación de estos componentes se realizó desde el paradigma humanístico cualitativo, el cual permitió emplear el método de la hermenéutica dialéctica con rasgos de la fenomenología, para el análisis de información cualitativa obtenida de percepciones y experiencias de actores internos y externos de la carrera universitaria. Estos actores fueron personas expertas en Educación Inicial, personas encargadas de la gestión de la carrera, docentes y estudiantes universitarios. Además, se obtuvo información de documentos institucionales de la carrera. La investigación concluye que la innovación educativa en esta carrera universitaria ha tenido una razón de ser a partir de hechos históricos, condiciones del contexto, avances científicos, intencionalidades políticas y procesos reflexivos de los actores educativos. Por eso, la innovación educativa debe estudiarse, comprenderse y reflexionarse desde su momento histórico y la relación con el entorno, es decir desde una mirada situacional y contextual, tal y como lo expone el enfoque y la perspectiva sociocultural. Se recomienda generar espacios de intercambio interdisciplinarios acerca de las experiencias de innovación educativa y las condiciones contextuales de las carreras universitarias en sedes regionales. A su vez, se visualiza como futuras líneas de investigación educativa, las nuevas orientaciones teóricas en educación inicial y en la formación de profesionales docentes, tales como: la neurociencia, las teorías de la complejidad, las perspectivas socio culturales, la diversidad cultural y el uso de los recursos digitales en educación.
Predicción de la resiliencia y horas de recreación mediante factores personales y socioeconómicos en un grupo de estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica Nacional, Sede Central
Authors: Rodríguez Soto Joel , Romero Barquero Cecilia Enith
Published: February 2025

La resiliencia es la capacidad que permite, al ser humano, superar las adversidades que se presentan en la vida y, a su vez, fortalecerse en el trayecto. Un contexto en el que las personas se ven expuestas a dificultades es el entorno universitario. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos: a) medir el efecto predictor de variables como la edad, el sexo, la condición socioeconómica y las horas estimadas de recreación semanal sobre el valor global de la resiliencia, y b) el valor predictivo de la edad, sexo, condición socioeconómica y resiliencia en la variable horas semanales de recreación, en un grupo de personas estudiantes de la Universidad Técnica Nacional Sede Central. Participaron 167 personas con edad promedio de 22.8 años. El diseño de estudio fue descriptivo y transversal, desde un enfoque cuantitativo. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos, el primero de información general y el segundo fue la escala SVRES de 60 ítems para medir la resiliencia.  El modelo de regresión lineal para la variable valor global de resiliencia encontró un R2 de 0.058. Esto supone una varianza de 5.8%. El análisis no fue significativo (F = 1.653, p = 0.136) y explica que las seis variables en conjunto no predicen significativamente el valor global de la resiliencia. La única variable que resultó predictora del valor global de resiliencia fue el sexo (coeficiente BootStrap = 8.98, p = 0.044). Para la variable dependiente horas semanales de recreación se halló un R2 de 0.115, lo que explica una varianza de 11.5%. Este análisis resultó significativo (F = 3.46, p = 0.003). Dos variables resultaron predictoras para las horas semanales de recreación, apoyo residencial (coeficiente BootStrap = -6.18, p = 0.01) y condición laboral (coeficiente BootStrap = -5.916, p = 0.01). Los hallazgos apoyan la teoría de que la resiliencia es una variable multidimensional, cuya magnitud puede verse afectada por variables como el sexo. Se considera importante valorar el efecto que tiene la condición socioeconómica de las personas estudiantes en las horas de recreación y en diferentes contextos de la vida estudiantil universitaria, para desarrollar diferentes actividades recreativas que fomenten la resiliencia en la comunidad estudiantil.
Políticas de inclusión en el acompañamiento de las trayectorias educativas de estudiantes de la carrera de Profesorado en Educación Inicial
Authors: Montiveros Garro María Luján , Godino Morales Carmen M. Belén
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del presente artículo es compartir reflexiones acerca de una experiencia de intervención pedagógica destinada a personas estudiantes universitarias, en vistas a favorecer los procesos de inclusión educativa en las carreras de formación docente, en particular el Profesorado en Educación Inicial (Argentina). Esta intervención se enmarca en las acciones que se realizan en el del Proyecto de Investigación Consolidado denominado: Cambios y tendencias en la Educación Superior: Políticas, Sujetos y Prácticas. Miradas desde la Educación y la Filosofía. El proyecto asume una lógica de investigación cualitativa y más específicamente adopta los criterios epistemológicos y metodológicos de la investigación biográfico-narrativa. Como técnicas de recolección de información, se emplearon la encuesta, la observación participante y la entrevista. Los primeros hallazgos se vinculan con la importancia que reviste la construcción de propuestas formativas dirigidas al desarrollo concreto de acciones de acompañamiento al estudiantado que ingresa, que colaboren, en definitiva, con el desarrollo y el enriquecimiento de habilidades cognitivas que son requeridas en el ámbito de la cultura académica del nivel superior. También adquiere relevancia en este contexto, el proceso de seguimiento y “la ayuda educativa ofrecida por el profesor” (Onrubia, 2016, p. 4) en virtud de la permanencia y continuidad de los estudios. Como desafío, la investigación dejó transparentar la urgencia que reviste el análisis de políticas y prácticas en el contexto universitario destinadas al ingreso, la permanencia y egreso del estudiantado, sabiendo que estas deben orientarse al alcance de las finalidades que la institución asume como prioritarias. Por ende, se sostiene que la demanda que se focaliza en este trabajo es una demanda que invita a una revisión de las prácticas formativas que configuran a la institución universitaria en virtud de fortalecer su misión.
Fibers for Blast Resistance
Authors: Galinat Melvyn A.
Published: February 2025

Concrete is handicapped in dynamic applications by its brittle nature. Some structural engineers realize the potential in using fibers for blast resistance, but fiber reinforcement is a specialized technology and attempts at adopting fibers have not achieved widespread success in this application. This article discusses some of the opportunities and challenges associated with using fibrous concrete for blast-resistant construction.