bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Unusual Case of Polydactyly
Authors: Biere Surya S.A.Y. , Lagarde Sjoerd M. , Wust Aloys F.J. , Steller E. Philip
Published: April 2020

Polydactyly is defined as a congenital anomaly of the hand or foot with the presence of supernumerary digits. The frequency of polydactyly varies widely among populations. It can occur as an isolated condition or as a feature of a congenital condition. In the literature, the condition is commonly described in combination with an apparent congenital deformity. We describe a case of polydactyly with no other obvious, macroscopically visible anomaly.

A 21-year-old man presented with a sprained left ankle. On examination, a slightly irregularly shaped fifth digit of the left foot that appeared like a tailor's bunion was observed. The patient reported slight weight-bearing pain and tenderness over the navicular bone. No fractures were seen on radiographs, but they revealed an os tibiale externum, an extra metatarsal bone conjoined distally with the fifth metatarsal, and an extra hypoplastic proximal phalanx. No obvious signs of deformity were present. A bunionette, which was an extra hypoplastic proximal phalanx, was observed at the base of the fifth toe.

Few published reports have described isolated polymetatarsia, and none of those describe supernumeral digits. A comprehensive search of the literature found no cases identical to ours.
Femoral Neck Fractures: Evidence Versus Beliefs About Predictors of Outcome
Authors: Zlowodzki Michael , Tornetta Paul , Haidukewych George , Hanson Beate P. , Petrisor Brad , Swiontkowski Marc F. , Schemitsch Emil H. , Giannoudis Peter V. , Bhandari Mohit
Published: April 2020

It is unclear whether current practice reflects current evidence on predictors of clinically important outcomes like mortality and fixation failure. Knowledge of predictors of outcome can and should influence treatment decisions and can subsequently improve outcomes. We hypothesized that there is evidence about the significance of predictors of outcome not being considered in the decision making process in the treatment of hip fractures because many surgeons are unaware of it. We surveyed 298 North American and European orthopedic surgeons to examine their training and experience and their opinion on the relative importance of predictors of outcome of femoral neck fracture treatment. We compared the results with the highest level of therapeutic and prognostic evidence currently available. Surgeons' perceptions about the importance of the quality of fracture reduction, patient comorbidities, degree of fracture displacement, dementia, and prefracture walking ability were justified by the current literature. However, we further identified a number of variables deemed unimportant to surgeons that have evidence to support their use in managing patients with hip fractures, including the type of anesthesia as a modifiable variable. In contrast to surgeons' perceptions, the available evidence suggests regional anesthesia is associated with a lower mortality risk than general anesthesia.
Prevalence of Cerebrovascular Events During Shoulder Surgery and Association With Patient Position
Authors: Friedman Darren J. , Parnes Nata Z. , Zimmer Zachary , Higgins Laurence D. , Warner Jon J.P.
Published: April 2020

The beach chair position is commonly used in both arthroscopic and open shoulder procedures. There has been recent concern that beach chair positioning may be an independent risk factor for intraoperative cerebrovascular insult, especially in concert with hypotensive anesthesia. We attempted to quantify the prevalence of intraoperative cerebrovascular events during shoulder surgery in the beach chair position.

Two hundred and eighty-seven members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Society were e-mailed surveys, and 93 (32%) responded. The majority of these surgeons average >300 shoulder cases annually. Most of these cases are arthroscopic, and patient position is primarily beach chair. The total number of beach chair–position surgeries was estimated between 173,370 and 209,628, and lateral decubitus–position surgeries were estimated between 64,597 and 100,855. The overall rate of intraoperative cerebrovascular event was 0.00291% (8/274,225). All cerebrovascular events were associated with surgeries in the beach chair position. The rate in the beach chair position ranged from 0.00382% (8/209,628) to 0.00461% (8/173,370). If reported primary patient position was used ⩾75% of the time, no significant difference in observed cerebrovascular event rates was found between positions (
P
=.051–.0233).

In relation to orthopedic procedures performed in the supine position, beach chair positioning does not appear to increase the risk of intraoperative cerebrovascular event.
On the number of limit cycles of a quartic polynomial system
Authors: Li Min , Han Maoan
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we consider a quartic polynomial differential system with multiple parameters, and obtain the existence and number of limit cycles with the help of the Melnikov function under perturbation of polynomials of degree \begin{document}$ n = 4 $\end{document}.
Existence criteria of ground state solutions for Schrödinger-Poisson systems with a vanishing potential
Authors: Chen Sitong , Huang Wennian , Tang Xianhua
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we consider the following Schrödinger-Poisson system

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\triangle u+u+K(x)\phi(x)u = a(x)|u|^{p-2}u, \ \ \ \ x\in { \mathbb{R}}^{3},\\ -\triangle \phi = K(x)u^2, \ \ \ \ x\in { \mathbb{R}}^{3}, \end{array} \right. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

where \begin{document}$ p\in [4,6) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ a(x)\ge \lim_{|x|\to\infty}a(x) = a_{\infty}>0 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ \lim_{|x|\to\infty}K(x) = 0 $\end{document}. Lack of any symmetry property of \begin{document}$ a $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ K $\end{document}, we present some new sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of a positive ground state solution of above system. Our results extend and complement the ones of [G. Cerami, G. Vaira, J. Differential Equations 248 (2010)] in which \begin{document}$ p\in (4,6) $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ a $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ K $\end{document} need to satisfy additional integrability conditions.
Studying on the impact of media coverage on the spread of COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China
Authors: Chang Xinghua ,   School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China, Liu Maoxing , Jin Zhen , Wang Jianrong ,   Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China,   School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
Published: April 2020

Awareness of prevention is enhanced to reduce the rate of infection by media coverage, which plays an important role in preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Based on epidemic situation of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hubei, an SIHRS epidemic model with media coverage was proposed. Firstly, by the basic reproduction number R0, the globally asymptotically stable of the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium were proved. Then, based on the reported epidemic data of Hubei Province from January 26 to February 13, numerical simulations are used to verify the analysis results, and the impact of peak time and the scale of disease transmission were mainly considered with different information implementation rate and the contact rate. It was shown that with the decrease of information implementation rate, the peak of confirmed cases would be delayed to reach, and would increase significantly. Therefore, in order to do a better prevention measures after resumption of work, it is very necessary to maintain the amount of information and implementation rate of media coverage.
Fruit shape regulates susceptibility of tomato to blossom-end rot
Authors: Riboldi Lucas Baiochi , Araújo Sabrina Helena da Cruz , Freitas Sérgio Tonetto de , Castro Paulo Roberto Camargo
Published: April 2020

Calcium (Ca2+) is a nutrient in tomato plants, of which deficiency usually causes several problems including a physiological disorder known as blossom-end rot (BER) in the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify morphological and physiological characteristics related to the susceptibility of tomato varieties to BER. The varieties studied were ‘Amalia’, ‘IPA-6’, ‘M-82’, ‘Mara’, and ‘Nagcarlan’, presenting different fruit formats. Physiological parameters that negatively correlated with BER were plant water potential, leaf area, plant dry mass, relationship between proximal/distal Ca2+, K+ content in the proximal and distal portions of the fruit, and proximal Ca2+ content. Physiological parameters that positively correlated with BER were number of trichomes in the abaxial and adaxial leaf portions, leaf stomatal conductance, distal Ca2+ content bound to the cell wall, leaf transpiration, and fruit length. Our results showed that ‘Mara’ and ‘Nagcarlan’, ‘Amalia’ and ‘IPA-6’, and ‘M-82’ presented low, medium, and high susceptibility to BER, respectively. We also found that total fruit Ca2+ concentration, particularly in the distal fruit tissue, was not the only factor responsible for the development of BER; rather, the balance between factors that increase and decrease the susceptibility of each variety affected development of this disorder.
Vinasse in the diet of lactating sows and its effect on litter
Authors: Barros Dandara Silva , Valentim Jean kaique , Medeiros Silvana Lúcia dos Santos , Faria Sandra Regina , Pereira Isabelli Dias Brito , Pietramale Rita Therezinha Rolim , Lima Heder José D'Àvilla , Garcia Rodrigo Garófallo
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to verify the impact of adding vinasse as an acidifier in sows diet during the lactating period and its effect on litter. A total of 14 agroceres females were used from the first day of lactation until weaning. The vinasse was obtained in a mill near the experimental facility and was stored in sterilized barrels. Animals were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design into two treatments: control liquid diet and liquid diet with the inclusion of vinasse in each feed supply of the day. The diets were supplied four times a day, containing a mixture of ½ L of vinasse and ½ L of water. Feed leftovers were weighted daily. Feed intake was used to evaluate sows’ performance. The piglets were weighted every week after birth until weaning in order to obtain weight gain. Vinasse inclusion showed an increase (p < 0.05) in feed intake of lactating sows, improving diet palatability. Inclusion of acidifier in the diet did not show (p > 0.05) difference in weight gain of piglets. Vinasse consumption by sows did not influence litter performance. The inclusion of vinasse in the diet of lactating sows is beneficial because increases feed consumption.
Evaluation of non-carcass components of goat grazing in Caatinga rangeland supplemented with spineless cactus and native plants
Authors: Silva Dulciene Karla de Andrade , Cordeiro Fábia Simone Bezerra , Cardoso Daniel Barros , Magalhães André Luiz Rodrigues , Melo Airon Aparecido Silva de , Pereira Kedes Paulo
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate non-carcass components of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga rangeland and supplemented with spineless cactus (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), Jitirana hay (Merremia aegyptia L. Urban) and Mororó hay (Bauhinia cheilanta Bong Stend). Thirty male goats (castrated), with no defined breed, with an initial mean body weight of 19 ± 0.35 kg and approximately 90 days of age were used. The treatments consisted of grazing without supplementation (GWS), grazing + Jitirana hay (GJ); grazing + Jitirana hay + spineless cactus (GJSC); grazing + Mororó hay (GM); grazing + Mororó hay + spineless cactus (GMSC). The means of the variables were tested by Tukey's test at 5% probability. The goats fed GWS, GJSC, GM and GMSC presented higher weights and yields of the diaphragm, and the spleen weight (p < 0.05). The highest yield of omasum (p < 0.05) occurred with goats fed GJ treatment. There were treatments (p < 0.05) on omental fat weight and leg yield, with the highest values for goats, fed GWS, GJSC, GM, and GMSC. The "Buchada" EBW-1 yield was higher (p < 0.05) for animals fed GWS. Feeding supplementation of goats grazing in the Caatinga had few influences on weights and yields of non-carcass components.
The effect of feed restriction on the fat profile of Santa Inês lamb meat
Authors: Madruga Marta Suely , Kênia Alves Bezerra Taliana , Conceição Dantas Guerra Ingrid , Batista Ana Sancha Malveira , Marcos de Azevedo Silva Aderbal , Fernandes Rafaella de Paula Paseto
Published: April 2020

Consumers today are increasingly more demanding regarding their food, seeking healthier and better quality products, and in this context animal nutrition plays a key role. The meat composition can be altered by animal feed itself, being that lipid profile may directly contribute to consumer health, reducing the predisposition of developing cardiovascular diseases, main cause of mortality in the world. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary feed restriction in Santa Inês lambs on their intramuscular, intermuscular, and subcutaneous fat profile, fat profile of the longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle, and the total meat lipids and cholesterol. Three groups of lambs were subjected to diets: without restriction (WR), and 30 and 60% feed restriction. Overall, stearic, palmitic, and oleic acids were the predominant and the lowest lipid and cholesterol levels were observed at the highest restriction level, presenting higher polyunsaturated:saturated (PUFA:SFA) and desirable (DFA) fatty acid ratios (p < 0.05). Lambs subjected to 60% dietary feed restriction had a better quality meat with lower lipid and cholesterol contents, and profile favorable for human health due the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, that is important parameter the market demands to meet the consumers’ expectations.
Passion fruit waste in diets for quail in the laying phase
Authors: Pereira Adriana Aparecida , Alcântara Rosineide Silva de , Moura Andressa Souza de , Griep Júnior Dirceu Neutzling , Vieira Gisele Maria Nunes , Almeida José Rafael da Silva
Published: April 2020

It was aimed to evaluate the effect of including the waste from passion fruit pulp extraction in diets for Japanese quail in the laying phase on their production performance and egg quality. A total of 280 female quail were distributed into five treatments with eight replicates and seven birds per cage. Treatments consisted of 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8% inclusion of passion fruit waste in the diet. The experiment began with quail at 70 days of age and lasted 63 days, with performance evaluated every 21 days and egg quality in the last two days of each cycle. There was no difference between the treatments for feed intake, body weight, specific gravity, or eggshell thickness. However, a decreasing linear regression was obtained for feed intake with the inclusion of the waste, while a quadratic response was show by egg production, weight and parts of the egg. Inclusion of up to 6% passion fruit waste in diets for quail is recommended to maintain the indices in relation to control treatment. However, the best values for egg-laying rate and for the weights of egg, albumen, yolk, and shell are obtained with 2.5 to 3.5% inclusion of passion fruit waste.
Production and quality of sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems
Authors: Santos Charles Barbosa dos , Costa Katia Aparecida de Pinho , Souza Wender Ferreira de , Oliveira Itamar Pereira de , Teixeira Daniel Augusto Alves , Costa João Victor Campos Pinho
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate dry mass production, fermentative parameters and chemical and bromatological composition of sunflower silage and Paiaguas palisadegrass silage in monocropped and intercropping in different forage systems. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of silage forage systems: sunflower monocropped; Paiaguas palisadegrass monocropped; sunflower row-intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; sunflower inter-row intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass; and sunflower oversown and intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass, totalizing 20 experimental silos. Sunflower and Paiaguas palisadegrass were harvested at 110 days after planting at 20 cm from the soil for silage, using brush cutter. The silos were opened after 53 days of fermentation. The rows and inter-row intercropped systems contributed to increase the mass production of the ensiled material. The monocropped sunflower silage had higher values of pH, ethereal extract and acid detergent fiber and lower values of titratable acidity and dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro dry matter digestibility values. The silages of the sunflower intercropped with Paiaguas palisadegrass in forage systems of crop-livestock integration presented better fermentative and bromatological characteristics, guaranteeing an adequate fermentative process and nutritional quality. In this way, the intercropping of these two forages potentiates the production of silage for feeding of ruminants during the period of forage shortage.
Chemical control of signalgrass for establishing Tanzania-grass
Authors: Rodrigues Barbara Martins , Santos Marcia Vitoria , Paschoaloto Josimari Regina , Braz Thiago Gomes dos Santos , Santos José Barbosa , Martins Cesar Augusto , Costa João Pedro Rodrigues , Borges Claudia Eduarda
Published: April 2020

Herbicides have been used to control Brachiaria grass in pastures established or in formation given their practicality, however their efficiency is questionable due to the lack of specific graminicides for different forage species. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butyl in the control of Brachiaria decumbens (signalgrass) and the intoxication levels of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (Tanzania quinea grass) in pasture establishment. The experiments were designed in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 5 × 4 factorial arrangement of two herbicides (fluazifop-p-butyl and glyphosate), five doses equivalent to the commercial dosage of each herbicide (0.25; 0.50; 1.00; 1.50; 200), and four evaluation times after herbicide application (15, 21, 30 and 45 days). There was interaction between doses and evaluation times. The dose 1.5 L ha-1 fluazifop-p-butyl provides efficient control of signalgrass, however, leads to high intoxication in Tanzania guinea grass. Glyphosate is efficient in the control of signalgrass even at the lowest dose (90 g ha-1), however, it causes high intoxication in Tanzania guinea grass, preventing its use in developing pastures. It can be concluded that fluazifop-p-butyl and glyphosate herbicides are not recommended for the control of B. decumbens, cv. Basilisk in developing pastures of Tanzania guinea grass.
Drone production, semen viability and spermatozoa longevity of Africanized Apis mellifera
Authors: Halak André Luiz , Santos Pedro da Rosa , Rossi Robson Marcelo , Wielewski Priscila , Moraes Gentil Vanini de , Toledo Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de
Published: April 2020

Characteristics correlated with beekeeping production, less influenced by the environment and that can be controlled by management techniques, can help in the selection of colonies with higher production capacity, aiming to improve breeding programs. This research was carried out to evaluate the production of Africanized Apis mellifera drones and the longevity of spermatozoa from different genetic groups when supplemented with protein or not. Two genetic groups were used: one selected for royal jelly production from the Africanized honeybee breeding program and another without genetic selection. In both groups, the number of drone brood and the quality of semen were evaluated every 30 days, for five months. Statistical analysis was performed using Bayesian Inference. Statistical difference was found for the drone production among the treatments, and colonies without genetic selection produced more males (187.80 ± 11.15) than the selected colonies (93.07 ± 8.88). The selected colonies for royal jelly production presented greater efficiency in the reproductive cycle of males, because they produced fewer drones than colonies without genetic selection, however, with 31% greater semen viability.
Man-made soil drainage alters the vegetation structure and woody species distribution in campo de murundus
Authors: Guimarães Guilherme Frederico Augusto , Soardi Maricato Hortência , Marimon Beatriz Schwantes , Pereira Firmino Cardoso , Souza Luzia Francisca de , Coelho Christiano Peres , Ferreira Wendy Carniello , Ferreira Júnior Angélica , Pereira Kaila de Assis Ressel
Published: April 2020

Campos de murundus work as recharge zones and are important for the maintenance of water resources in Brazilian Cerrado. However, with the expansion of the agricultural frontier, this ecosystem may disappear or suffer high anthropogenic disturbances. The aim of the study was to evaluate the structure and distribution of woody species, after the implantation of artificial drainage channels in campo de murundus, in plots near and distant of the drains in the soil. We sampled woody individuals with ≥ 3 cm diameter at the base, and established 20 permanent plots of 20×50 m, 10 of which were between 0-20 m of the drains (edge) and 10 between 150-200 m distant from the drains (interior), totaling two hectares of survey. We recorded 47 species with total density of 230.5 ind.ha-1 and total basal area of 1.331 m2 ha-1. The diversity index of species was H’ = 3.18. We recorded higher density and basal area in the edge, and differential distribution and occupation of woody species in the microrelief of the murundus. This provides us strong evidence that the drains have altered the vegetation structure, especially in the edge of the remnant campos de murundus turning the vegetation woodier and denser.
A narrativa na educação infantil: a mobilização de funções psicológicas superiores em situações de interação discursiva
Authors: Dickel Adriana , Sartori Francieli
Published: April 2020

Este artigo trata da narrativa como uma atividade que movimenta funções psíquicas superiores, tais como linguagem racional, pensamento verbal, atenção voluntária, memória mediada e imaginação, constituindo-se como experiência fundamental para a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento infantil. São analisados episódios de interação em que crianças de uma escola de Educação Infantil são instadas pela professora a organizar sequências discursivas sobre fatos de sua vida e histórias observadas. O estudo sustenta-se na Teoria Histórico-Cultural e nas produções de Jerome Bruner sobre a narrativa como forma de pensamento sobre e com o mundo. Resultam da análise as seguintes proposições: as funções psicológicas superiores atuam reciprocamente no curso da narrativa; a intervenção da professora e dos pares auxilia na (re)estruturação da linguagem e do pensamento das crianças; a pergunta do outro permite ao narrador qualificar a trajetória de seu pensamento; a escuta ativa é uma das condições fundamentais para a condução do pensamento narrativo. Conclui-se que espaços e tempos em que narrativas são mobilizadas compõem uma das atividades primordiais da Educação Infantil, já que põem em curso um tipo de pensamento discursivo que organiza/complexifica funções psíquicas tipicamente humanas.
Removal of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Acid-Activated Cockle Shell Powder
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh , Le Tan Phat , Phung Thanh Khoa
Published: April 2020

In Vietnam, heavy metal removal from aqueous solution has been the subject of great attention in the last few years. There are several methods have been developed to reduce heavy metal pollution problems and adsorption technique has been widely used due to the versatility and effectiveness. Cockles are marine bivalve mollusks, whose shell are discharged as wastes by many marine product manufacturers and restaurants. Cockle shell can be economically used as adsorbent for the wastewater treatment. In this study, acid-activated cockle shell was used as an adsorbent material for divalent cadmium ion removal from waste water. The experiments in this work used batch mode adsorption. Experiments were designed by response surface methodology (RSM) and a quadratic model was used to predict the removal efficiency of cadmium. The input to the model was varied as initial cadmium ion concentration from 600 to 1000 mg/L, contact time from 30 to 90 minutes, adsorbent dosage from 0.5 g/L to 1.5 g/L. Analysis of variance was incorporated to judge the adequacy of the models. The predictions of the model were in good agreement with experimental results and the optimal condition is then estimated from the model. Other properties of obtained materials were also investigated using XRD, BET, TGA, SEM analysis methods. The results show that the simple acid-activated cockle shell can be used as a low cost and effective adsorbent for cadmium ion removal.
On Heat Transfer of a Two-Step Radiating Slab of Variable Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Lebelo Ramoshweu Solomon
Published: April 2020

An investigation of heat transfers in a combustible stockpile whose materials are of variable thermal conductivity is conducted in this article. The stockpile is modeled in rectangular slap and a two-step exothermic chemical reaction responsible for the combustion process is assumed. The reactive slab is also assumed to lose heat to the ambient by radiation. The Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF45) method coupled with the Shooting technique is applied to tackle numerically the nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) governing the problem. The process of heat transfer during combustion is made easy to understand by investigating effects of selected thermo-physical parameters on the system’s temperature. The results show that some thermo-physical parameters accelerate the exothermic chemical reaction and therefore raise the temperature levels, and that others help to reduce heat release rate to lower the temperature profiles. The graphs for the results are plotted and discussed accordingly.
Digitized Simulation of the Moving Bed
Authors: Xie Chao Fan , Huang Rey Chue , Xu Lin , Zhang Fu Quan , Xu Lu Xiong
Published: April 2020

Chromatographic separation is an indispensable and important technology in the manufacturing process of chemical products and biomedicine. It uses the distribution differences of a compound in the stationary phase and mobile phase to achieve the separation of the mixture. It is of great value to study the separation process of substances by simulated moving bed chromatography. By digitally simulating the process of moving bed, we can observe the influence of parameter changes on substance analysis by chromatography, and then find out the law of substance separation, which can provide theoretical basis for scientific research of biopharmaceuticals.
Comparative Analysis of Windy Accumulated Sands by Heavy-Typed Compaction and Surface Vibration Compression Method of Desert Areas in China
Authors: Jin Chang Ning
Published: April 2020

Windy accumulated sand samples are collected in the main desert (Sandy land) in China, they are carried out the comparative tests by heavy-typed compaction and surface vibrated compression method. The results show that the effect of surface vibrated compression is stronger than that of heavy-typed compaction in general, especially when the water content is approaching to 0 or the saturation state, the former is greater than the latter by about 1g/ cm3; When the water content is about ranging from 1 % to 5 %, the former is still mostly higher than the latter, yet not much and the most is under 0.3 g/ cm3, even the former is slightly lower than the latter sometimes; When the water content is within other intervals, it shows a transitional situation. The main reason is the influence of false cohesion arising from the capillary water. In view of this, when determining the compression standard (maximum dry density) for the construction of wind-accumulated sand base, the surface vibrated compression method should be adopted, especially when it is dry compression or full water compression.
Development of Ultra High Performance Concrete Using Fly Ash
Authors: Hela Rudolf , Bodnárová Lenka
Published: April 2020

The experimental work presented in this article examines the possibility of lowering the economic cost of UHPC. The UHPC were designed using the Linear Packing Density Model. After 7 days, the UHPC compressive strength exceeded 120 MPa. Level of compressive strength after 90 days reaching 150 MPa had been obtained with a lower dose of cement (700 kg/m3) and with the use of secondary raw materials (fly ash), without the use of dispersed reinforcement. The successful design and production proved that the use of secondary raw materials is possible, thereby decreasing the economic cost of UHPC production.
Thermal Conductivity of Silicone Rubber Filled with Al2O3
Authors: Mu Qiu Hong , Peng Dan , Wang Feng , Li Jin Hui , Zhang Shuo
Published: April 2020

Crosslinker (polyvinylsilicone oil, C gum) and curing agent (2, 5-bis (tert-butyl peroxy)-2, 5-dimethyl hexane, DBPMH) were used to change the crosslink density of the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber filled with Al2O3. The results show that the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber changed with its degree of crosslinking. When the Al2O3 loading was 5 vol. % and a completely continuous conducting network had not formed, the thermal conductivity of the vulcanizates decreased with increasing crosslink density. The thermal conductivity of the vulcanizate with a suitable amount of C gum increased to 53%, and the tensile strength increased by 0.8 MPa compared to the vulcanizate without C gum. When the Al2O3 loading was 30 vol. % and a completely continuous conducting network had formed, the crosslink density of vulcanizates changed as the amount of DBPMH changed. The thermal conductivity of vulcanizates first decreased and then increased with increasing crosslink density. There was a valley value in the thermal conductivity–crosslink density curve.
Zebrafish NF-κB/p65 Is Required for Antiviral Responses
Authors: Ouyang Gang , Liao Qian , Zhang Dawei , Rong Fangjing , Cai Xiaolian , Fan Sijia , Zhu Junji , Wang Jing , Liu Xing , Liu Xueqin , Xiao Wuhan
Published: April 2020

Transcriptional programs regulated by the NF-κB family are essential for the inflammatory response as well as for innate and adaptive immunity. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the noncanonical. The canonical NF-κB pathway responds to diverse immune stimulations and leads to rapid but transient activation. As a member of the canonical NF-κB family, p65 is thought to be a key regulator of viral infection. Because of the embryonic lethality of p65-null mice, the physiological role of p65 in the antiviral immune response is still unclear. In this study, we generated p65-null zebrafish, which were viable and indistinguishable from their wildtype (WT) siblings under normal conditions. However, p65-null zebrafish were more sensitive to spring viremia of carp virus infection than their WT siblings. Further assays indicated that proinflammatory and antiviral genes, including IFN, were downregulated in p65-null zebrafish after spring viremia of carp virus infection compared with their WT siblings. Our results thus suggested that p65 is required for the antiviral response, activating not only proinflammatory genes but also antiviral genes (including IFN).
Structure of MHC-Independent TCRs and Their Recognition of Native Antigen CD155
Authors: Lu Jinghua , Van Laethem François , Saba Ingrid , Chu Jonathan , Tikhonova Anastasia N. , Bhattacharya Abhisek , Singer Alfred , Sun Peter D.
Published: April 2020

During normal T cell development in the thymus, αβ TCRs signal immature thymocytes to differentiate into mature T cells by binding to peptide–MHC ligands together with CD4/CD8 coreceptors. Conversely, in MHC and CD4/CD8 coreceptor-deficient mice, the thymus generates mature T cells expressing MHC-independent TCRs that recognize native conformational epitopes rather than linear antigenic-peptides presented by MHC. To date, no structural information of MHC-independent TCRs is available, and their structural recognition of non-MHC ligand remains unknown. To our knowledge in this study, we determined the first structures of two murine MHC-independent TCRs (A11 and B12A) that bind with high nanomolar affinities to mouse adhesion receptor CD155. Solution binding demonstrated the Vαβ-domain is responsible for MHC-independent B12A recognition of its ligand. Analysis of A11 and B12A sequences against various MHC-restricted and -independent TCR sequence repertoires showed that individual V-genes of A11 and B12A did not exhibit preference against MHC-restriction. Likewise, CDR3 alone did not discriminate against MHC binding, suggesting VDJ recombination together with Vα/Vβ pairing determine their MHC-independent specificity for CD155. The structures of A11 and B12A TCR are nearly identical to those of MHC-restricted TCR, including the conformations of CDR1 and 2. Mutational analysis, together with negative-staining electron microscopy images, showed that the CDR regions of A11 and B12A recognized epitopes on D1 domain of CD155, a region also involved in CD155 binding to poliovirus and Tactile in human. Taken together, MHC-independent TCRs adopt canonical TCR structures to recognize native Ags, highlighting the importance of thymic selection in determining TCR ligand specificity.
IKZF3/Aiolos Is Associated with but Not Sufficient for the Expression of IL-10 by CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Ridley Michael L. , Fleskens Veerle , Roberts Ceri A. , Lalnunhlimi Sylvine , Alnesf Aldana , O’Byrne Aoife M. , Steel Kathryn J. A. , Povoleri Giovanni A. M. , Sumner Jonathan , Lavender Paul , Taams Leonie S.
Published: April 2020

The expression of anti-inflammatory IL-10 by CD4+ T cells is indispensable for immune homeostasis, as it allows T cells to moderate their effector function. We previously showed that TNF-α blockade during T cell stimulation in CD4+ T cell/monocyte cocultures resulted in maintenance of IL-10–producing T cells and identified IKZF3 as a putative regulator of IL-10. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that IKZF3 is a transcriptional regulator of IL-10 using a human CD4+ T cell–only culture system. IL-10+ CD4+ T cells expressed the highest levels of IKZF3 both ex vivo and after activation compared with IL-10–CD4+ T cells. Pharmacological targeting of IKZF3 with the drug lenalidomide showed that IKZF3 is required for anti-CD3/CD28 mAb–mediated induction of IL-10 but is dispensable for ex vivo IL-10 expression. However, overexpression of IKZF3 was unable to upregulate IL-10 at the mRNA or protein level in CD4+ T cells and did not drive the transcription of the IL10 promoter or putative local enhancer constructs. Collectively, these data indicate that IKZF3 is associated with but not sufficient for IL-10 expression in CD4+ T cells.
LILRB1 Intron 1 Has a Polymorphic Regulatory Region That Enhances Transcription in NK Cells and Recruits YY1
Authors: Yu Kang , Davidson Chelsea E. , Burshtyn Deborah N.
Published: April 2020

LILRB1 is a highly polymorphic receptor expressed by subsets of innate and adaptive immune cells associated with viral and autoimmune diseases and targeted by pathogens for immune evasion. LILRB1 expression on human NK cells is variegated, and the frequency of LILRB1+ cells differs among people. However, little is known about the processes and factors mediating LILRB1 transcription in NK cells. LILRB1 gene expression in lymphoid and myeloid cells arises from two distinct promoters that are separated by the first exon and intron. In this study, we identified a polymorphic 3-kb region within LILRB1 intron 1 that is epigenetically marked as an active enhancer in human lymphoid cells and not monocytes. This region possesses multiple YY1 sites, and complexes of the promoter/enhancer combination were isolated using anti-YY1 in chromatin immunoprecipitation–loop. CRISPR-mediated deletion of the 3-kb region lowers LILRB1 expression in human NKL cells. Together, these results indicate the enhancer in intron 1 binds YY1 and suggest YY1 provides a scaffold function enabling enhancer function in regulating LILRB1 gene transcription in human NK cells.
The use of GPS and inertial devices for player monitoring in team sports: A review of current and future applications
Authors: Theodoropoulos John S. , Bettle Jeremy , Kosy Jonathan D.
Published: April 2020

Player-worn devices, combining global positioning system and inertial monitors, are being used increasingly by professional sports teams. Recent interest focusses on using the data generated to track trainingload and whether this may lead to more effective training prescription with better management of injury risk. The aim of this review is to summarize the development and current use of this technology alongside proposed future applications. PubMed and Medline searches (2000-2017) identified all relevant studies involving use in team sports or comparative studies with other accepted methods. Our review determined that the latest devices are valid and reliably track activity levels. This technology is both accurate and more efficient than previous methods. Furthermore, recent research has shown that measurable changes in trainingload (the acute-to-chronic load ratio) are related to injury risk. However, results remain very sport specific and generalization must be done with caution. Future uses may include injury-prevention strategies and return-to-play judgement.
Guidelines of the Italian Society of Videosurgery in Infancy for the minimally invasive treatment of the esophageal atresia
Authors: Chiarenza Salvatore Fabio , Conighi Maria Luisa , Esposito Ciro , Escolino Maria , Beretta Fabio , Cheli Maurizio , Di Benedetto Vincenzo , Scuderi Maria Grazia , Casadio Giovanni , Marzaro Maurizio , Fascetti Leon Francesco , Conforti Andrea , Bagolan Pietro , Vella Claudio , Bleve Cosimo , Codric Daniela , Caione Paolo
Published: April 2020

Esophageal Atresia (EA) is defined as an interruption in esophageal continuity that results in a proximal tract that ends in a blind pouch in 98% of cases, and a distal tract that in 87% of cases arises via a Fistula from the Trachea (TEF). (...).
WASTEWATER EFFLUENT GENERATED BY GROUT INDUSTRIES IN BRAZIL
Authors: Zola Fernanda Cavicchioli , Aragão Franciely Velozo , Zola Rafael S. , Okawa Cristhiane M. P. , De Angelis Neto Generoso
Published: April 2020

Civil construction has grown inadvertently in Brazil, and, consequently, its demands for raw material. The production of such materials, as to any industrial process, yields wastewater effluents and has, in general, as destination water resources such as rivers and lakes. Nonetheless, government inspection can not keep up with the number of starting companies, resulting in the projection of impunity. The present work, the first of the kind, has the goal of analyzing the some chemical physics aspects of wastewater effluents samples generated from grout industries. The study shows that the pH of these samples lie outside the established limit by the national laws. The extremely alkaline pH and high conductivity of these effluents may cause severe damage to the aquatic environment in which they are disposed.
DISTRICT-WISE CHANGE ANALYSIS OF LAND USE-LAND COVER IN DELHI TERRITORY USING REMOTE SENSING & GIS
Authors: Pattanayak Surya Prakash , Diwakar Sumant Kumar
Published: April 2020

Digital change detection is the process that helps in determining the changes associated with Land use and Land cover properties with reference to geo-referenced multi-temporal remote sensing data. It helps in identifying change between two or more dates that is uncharacterized of normal variation. This work is an attempt to assess the district-wise changes in land use/land cover in Delhi, India. The study made use of LISS -III imageries of 2008 and 2012 year. The images were classified using Maximum Likelihood classification method. The output can be useful in many applications such as Land use changes, habitat fragmentation, rate of deforestation, urban sprawl and other cumulative changes through spatial and temporal analysis. The study shows that Delhi land cover from 2008 to 2012 a major rapid changes in the landscape as there is high growth in the fallow and built up area. Agriculture land and forest area has reduced marginally and water body is showing almost stagnant condition over time.
INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF SPATIAL PATTERNS IN TABRIZ PARKS USING LANDSCAPE METRICS
Authors: Toutakhane Ali Majnouni , Mofareh Mojtaba
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, the green spaces in cities and especially metropolises have adopted a variety of functions. In addition to improving the environmental conditions, they are suitable places for spending free times and mitigating nervous pressures of the machinery life based on their distribution and dispersion in the cities. In this research, in order to study the spatial distribution and composition of the parks and green spaces in Tabriz metropolis, the map of Parks prepared using the digital atlas of Tabriz parks and Arc Map and IDRISI softwares. Then, quantitative information of spatial patterns of Tabriz parks provided using Fragstats software and a selection of landscape metrics including: the area of class, patch density, percentage of landscape, average patch size, average patch area, largest patch index, landscape shape index, average Euclidean distance of the nearest neighborhood and average index of patch shape. Then the spatial distribution, composition, extent and continuity of the parks was evaluated. Overall, only 8.5 percent of the landscape is assigned to the parks, and they are studied in three classes of neighborhood, district and regional parks. Neighborhood parks and green spaces have a better spatial distribution pattern compared to the other classes and the studied metrics showed better results for this class. In contrast, the quantitative results of the metrics calculated for regional parks, showed the most unfavorable spatial status for this class of parks among the three classes studied in Tabriz city.
Parental Perceptions and Practices of Emergent Literacy Development in Young Children with Down Syndrome: The Development of Intervention Guidelines
Authors: Van Heerden Cherié , Kritzinger Alta
Published: April 2020

Key findings of emergent literacy research conclude that emergent literacy experiences correlate with later reading success and that emergent literacy intervention for children with special needs is essential. As a group with special needs, children with Down syndrome require emergent literacy intervention. They may attain functional literacy skills and their language development determines their reading ability. Speech-language therapists have an important role to play in emergent literacy programme development in South Africa. As a first step towards programme development and emergent literacy intervention goal selection, the aim of this study was to determine the applicability of a self-administered questionnaire to describe parental perceptions and practices regarding the emergent literacy development of their young children with Down syndrome. A quantitative research approach was used within a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Fifteen literate parents, with preschool children with Down syndrome aged between two and five years were selected as participants. Data were collected via email and/or facsimile. The results showed that all participants valued emergent literacy development. They appeared to have knowledge about book-reading but not about the broad spectrum of emergent literacy experiences to which they might expose their children. Participants were actively promoting emergent literacy development of their children, but they had certain needs that could potentially be addressed by speech-language therapists working in early communication intervention. The questionnaire proved to be applicable, but changes are required for application with illiterate parents and those with low literacy skills. Based on the results a framework with guidelines for emergent literacy goal selection is provided.
Anatomy and Physiology of Speech
Authors: Abrahamsohn Freida
Published: April 2020

No abstract available.
How useful are clinical details in blunt trauma referrals for computed tomography of the abdomen?
Authors: Beviss-Challinor Kenneth B. , Kidd Martin , Pitcher Richard D.
Published: April 2020

Background: The relevance of clinical data included in blunt trauma referrals for abdominal computed tomography (CT) is not known.Objectives: To analyse the clinical details provided on free-text request forms for abdominal CT following blunt trauma and assess their association with imaging evidence of intra-abdominal injury.Method: A single-institution, retrospective study of abdominal CT scans was performed for blunt trauma between 01 January and 31 March 2018. Computed tomography request forms were reviewed with their corresponding CT images. Clinical details provided and scan findings were captured systematically. The relationship between individual clinical features and CT evidence of abdominal injury was tested using one-way cross tabulation and Fisher’s exact test.Results: One hundred thirty-nine studies met inclusion criteria. A wide range of clinical details was communicated. Only clinical abdominal examination findings (p = 0.05), macroscopic haematuria (p 0.01), pelvic fracture or hip dislocation (p = 0.04) and positive focused assessment with sonography in trauma (p 0.01) demonstrated an associated trend with abdominal injury.Conclusion: Key abdominal examination and basic imaging findings remain essential clinical details for the appropriate evaluation of CT abdomen requests in the setting of blunt trauma. Methods to improve consistent communication of relevant clinical details are likely to be of value.
Аппроксимационное хеджирование с постоянными пропорциональными операционными издержками на финансовых рынках со скачками
Authors: Nguyen Thai , Pergamenshchikov Sergey Markovich
Published: April 2020

В работе изучается проблема хеджирования опционов в присутствии транзакционных (операционных) платежей в моделях со скачками и стохастической волатильностью, позволяющие учесть характерные особенности современных финансовых рынков. При сравнительно слабых условиях на распределения размеров скачков устанавливается, что трансакционные издержки можно асимптотически компенсировать с помощью принципа корректирующей волатильности Леланда и асимптотических свойств дискретизированных хеджирующих стратегий. В частности, асимптотически устраняется влияние скачков и доказываются такие же предельные теоремы, как и в случае моделей без скачков. Полученные в данной работе предельные теоремы также подтверждают, что асимптотические результаты, доказанные Кабановым и Сафаряном [19] и Пергаменщиковым [36] для геометрического броуновского движения, остаются справедливыми и для рынков с детерминированной волатильностью со скачками.