bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Huyang Yangkun Formula on N6-methyladenosine Modification in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide Induced Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Rats
Authors: Li Meifang , Li Yang , Liu Jian , Nie Guangning , Jia Wenyu , Yang Hongyan
Published: May 2020

The aging of female reproductive system is mainly manifested by the decline of ovarian function, which is a physiological phenomenon. When it happens prematurely, it is called premature ovarian insufficiency(POI). Huyang Yangkun Formula(HYYKF) was developed according to theory of Chinese medicine and clinical experience and found to obviously relieve symptoms associated with menopause in POI patients. However, little is known about the effect of HYYKF on N6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) modification in ovaries of POI. In this study, VCD induced-POI model was established to investigate the effect of HYYKF on m 6 A modification. We found in the VCD-induced models, protein expressions of the m 6 A enzymes declined except that of FTO, and the expressions of METTL3, METTL14 and YTHDF1 declined very significantly. Interestingly, in naturally aging ovaries, the level of m 6 A declined very significantly at 9-week-old and 24-week-old, and the protein expression of METTL3, METTL14 and FTO in ovaries was down-regulated as mice aged. The date release that the level of m 6 A declines as the ovarian insufficiency occurs, which happens in both naturally aging ovaries and VCD-induced models. We found that HYYKF treatment promoted ovarian follicles development and the level of AMH in VCD induced-POI rats. Most importantly, HYYKF induced expressions of the m 6 A enzymes except that of FTO, and elevated the expressions of METTL3, METTL14, ALKBH5 and YTHDF1 significantly.
Associations of LDL-C-to-HDL-C and TG-to-HDL-C Ratios with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study with 6 years’ Follow-Up
Authors: Xu Jinjian , Hu Yiyan , Wei Qiaohui , Wu Qiong , Jin Ziqi , Zhou Yaohan , Zhang Xuhui , Zhu Yimin
Published: May 2020

Background: Traditional blood lipids play an important role in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, but the evidences were not enough . The lipoprotein indices of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios may be the predictive parameters to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Methods: A 6-year follow-up study was performed in 22,649 subjects (were aged 18–95 years old) without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes. The information about cardiovascular disease and T2DM was extracted from the Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system in 2019. Biochemical and demographic variables were acquired by laboratory test and the face-to-face interview with structured questionnaire, the response rate was 88.9%. Lipid ratios were stratified by tertile to ascertain the hazard ratio (HR) of diseases by Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The mean age of subjects was 54.9(14.5) years, 41.9% were males. LDL-C /HDL-C was strongly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) ( second vs. first tertile: HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.03-3.37, p =0.04 ; third vs. first tertile: HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.91-5.69, p< 0.001), meanwhile the TG/HDL-C was specifically associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (second vs. first tertile: HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.2-2.02, p =0.001; third vs. first tertile: HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 2.13-3.43, p< 0.001). Moreover, the HR, of diseases was increased with LDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratios. The results of sensitivity analysis revealed the associations of LDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratios with CHD and T2DM were independent on confounders. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and TG/HDL-C ratio associated with CHD and T2DM , and hazard ratio of disease increased with lipoprotein derived indices.
Genotype Spectrum and Hematological Features of β–Thalassemia with or without Different Forms of α-Thalassemia in Shenzhen
Authors: Luo Mingyue , Xiong Likuan , Chen Xu , Yan Zehao , Mai Guangxing , Shen Kai
Published: May 2020

Background: The effects of different forms of α–thalassemia on β-thalassemia phenotype has not been clearly described thus far. Methods: Genotype spectrum and hematological features of 873 female diagnosed as β-thalassemia carriers with or without different forms of α-thalassemia was retrospectively analyzed. Results: Thirteen kinds of genotypes were found in the 755 β-thalassemia carriers, including four kinds of β+-thalassemia, eight kinds of β0 -thalassemia and one kind of βE-thalassemia. The values of hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) decreased and red blood cell (RBC) increased in the order of βE, β+- and β0 group (p＜0.05). Nine genotypes were determined from the 43 carriers with concurrent α- and β+-thalassemia and seventeen genotypes were determined from the 75 carriers with concurrent α- and β0 -thalassemia. Significant higher Hb, MCV and MCH values were noted in β+–thalassemia or β0–thalassemia co-inherited with α+-thalassemia or α0-thalassemia as compared to the only β+–thalassemia or β0–thalassemia heterozygosity with normal alpha globin gene (p＜0.05). Moreover, the values of Hb, MCV and MCH increased much more when β0–thalassemia co-inheritance of α0-thalassemia than that of α+-thalassemia (p＜0.05). Conclusion: The β-thalassemia presented diverse molecular heterogeneity and hypochromic microcytosis at various degrees. Co-inherited with α–thalassemia could alleviate phenotype of anemic in β+- or β0-thalassemia, and β0-thalassemia demonstrated milder phenotype with two deletion or mutation in α-globin gene than one.
On the Bound of Cumulative Return in Trading Series
Authors: Can Yang , Zhai Junjie , Li Helong
Published: May 2020

There is no doubt that cumulative return is one of fundamental concerns in financial markets. In this paper, we first reveal the upper bound of cumulative return, and then propose a method to evaluate the performance of trading strategies by using proposed upper bound. Furthermore, with the help of bootstrap methodology, we conduct numerous experiments on distinct international stock markets, including developed markets and emerging markets, to verify the validity of the proposed upper bound. And both the theoretical and empirical results show that the effectiveness of the proposed upper bound and reveal its significant potentials on evaluating performance of trading rules.
Fuzzy Modelling of Clinical and Epidemiological Factors for COVID-19
Authors: Poonam  , Mangla Monika , Sharma Nonita , Reena
Published: May 2020

During this pandemic outbreak of COVID-19, the whole world is getting severely affected in respect of population health and economy. This novel virus has brought the whole world including the most developed countries to a standstill in a very short span like never before. The prime reason for this unexpected outburst of COVID-19 is lack of effective medicine and lack of proper understanding of the influencing factors. Here, authors aim to find the effect of epidemiological factors that influence its spread using a fuzzy approach. For the same, a total of 9 factors have been considered which are classified into Risk and Preventive factors. This fuzzy model supports to understand and evaluate the impact of these factors on the spread of COVID-19. Also, the model establishes a basis for understanding the effect of risk factors on preventive factors and vice versa. It is worth mentioning that this is the first attempt to analyze the effect of Clinical and Epidemiological factors with respect to COVID-19 using a fuzzy approach.
Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infection due to Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Zhang Piaopiao , Wang Jie , Hu Hangbin , Zhang Sheng , Wei Juying , Yang Qing , Qu Tingting
Published: May 2020

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) associated infections are a major threat to patient safety. Methods: A single-center, retrospective case-control study representing 734 patients with hematologic malignancies between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018 was conducted. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the hospital electronic medical records system. Results: Among the 734 patients with hematologic malignancies, 3% (22/734) of the patients developed CRKP BSI during their hospitalization. Overall 28-day all-cause mortality reached 77.3% (17/22). Patients with Pitt Bacteremia Score (PBS) >4, pneumonia and septic shock were more frequent in the non-survivors versus the survivors . Compared with the non-survivors in antimicrobial treatment, combination therapy of tigecycline and polymyxin B was more common in the survivors. The independent risk factors associated with CRKP BSI were CRKP rectal colonization (OR,11.067; CI=4.43-27.644; P<0.001; 3 points), severe neutropenia (OR,4.095; CI=0.876-19.141; P=0.073; 1 point) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) within the previous 30 days to onset of BSI (OR,18.444; CI=1.787-190.343; P=0.014; 4 points). The total risk score of ≥5 indicated that the probability of CRKP BSI occurrence was above 48%. Conclusions: CRKP BSI in patients with hematologic malignancies is associated with high mortality. The risk factor–based prediction model might help clinicians to start prompt effective anti-infective therapy in patients with suspicion of CRKP BSI and improve outcomes. Keywords: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ; bloodstream infection; hematologic malignancy; risk factors; prediction
Can Climatic Factors Explain The Differences In Covid-19 Incidence And Severity Across The Spanish Regions?: An Ecological Study
Authors: Muñoz-Cacho Pedro , Hernandez Jose Luis , Lopez-Hoyos Marcos , Martínez-Taboada Víctor M.
Published: May 2020

Background: Environmental factors play a central role in seasonal epidemics. SARS-CoV-2 infection in Spain has shown a heterogeneous geographical pattern This study aimed to assess the influence of several climatic factors on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 severity among the Spanish Autonomous Communities (AA.CC.).Methods: Data on coronavirus infectivity and severity of COVID-19 disease, as well as the climatic variables were obtained from official sources (Ministry of Health and Spanish Meteorological Agency, respectively). To assess the possible influence of climate on the development of the disease, data on ultraviolet ration (UVR) were collected during the months before the start of the pandemic. To analyze its influence on the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2, data on UVR, temperature, and humidity were obtained from the months with the highest contagiousness to the pandemic peak.Results: From October 2019 to January 2020, mean UVR was significantly related not only to SARS-CoV-2 infection (cumulative incidence -previous 14 days- x105 habitants, rho=-0.0,666; p=0.009), but also with COVID-19 severity, assessed as hospital admissions (rho=-0.626; p=0.017) and ICU admissions (rho=-0.565; p=0.035). Besides, temperature (February: rho=-0.832; p<0.001 and March: rho=-0.904; p<0.001), was the main climatic factor responsible for the infectivity of the coronavirus and directly contributed to a different spread of SARS-CoV-2 across the Spanish regions. Conclusions: Climatic factors may partially explain the differences in COVID-19 incidence and severity across the different Spanish regions. The knowledge of these factors could help to develop preventive and public health actions against upcoming outbreaks of the disease.
Estimating COVID-19 pandemic severity in Indian context
Authors: Mandal Manisha , Mandal Shyamapada
Published: May 2020

The case fatality rate (CFR) represents one of the most vital factors in demonstrating the severity of novel infectious disease, COVID-19. Various estimates of COVID-19 fatalities (based on the publicly and published information and data in Indian context of COVID-19): confirmed CFR, asymptomatic CFR, symptomatic CFR, and hospitalized CFR were 2.32% (2.05-2.59), 0.14% (0.12-0.16), 0.32% (0.27-0.36), 1.86% (1.64-2.07) respectively. The relative susceptibility of developing symptoms (RSODS) and relative susceptibility of developing infection (RSODI) of COVID-19 were ~33 times higher among people aged <45 years. The RSODS estimates were 1.97 (0.47-3.47), 0.62 (0.15-1.09), 0.29 (0.07-0.52), 0.06 (0.02-0.10) respectively, for patients <45 years, 45-60, 60-75, >75 years. Similar trend, for RSODI were found, with relatively higher value, compared to RSODS, which decreased with the increase of age. The 14-day lag estimate of CFR were 18.07 (15.67-20.47), and outcome (deaths plus recoveries)-based estimate of CFR were 16.57 (14.65-18.49). The growth rate, serial interval, reproduction number and average time from onset of COVID-19 infection to death were 6.12% (5.30%-6.99%), 11.4 days (9.91-12.85), 1.03 (1.01-1.05), and 11.85 days (10.55-13.15), respectively. Among 1,673,688 samples tested, 62,939 (3.76%) were positive for COVID-19 accounting 1,228 tests per million population of India, as of May 10, 2020. The average daily recovery was 19.45% (14.75- 24.15) and average cumulative recovery was 12.68% (10.70- 14.66) among COVID-19 patients. As per our belief and knowledge, this is the first study of its kind in reporting COVID-19 severity in Indian context during pandemic.
Amphimermis enzonin. sp. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) parasitizing damselflies and dragonflies in Argentina
Authors: Rusconi José Matias , Di Battista Cristian , Balcazar Darío , Rosales Matías , Achinelly María Fernanda
Published: May 2020

A mermithid nematode was found parasitizing nymphs of dragonflies and damselflies. The host specimens were collected from the stream Cajaravilla, Magdalena, Buenos Aires state, Argentina. In this work, we describedAmphimermis enzonin. sp., a nematode new to science. Nematodes were identified through morphological and molecular methods. The combination of the following characters separatesA. enzonin. sp. from other members of the genusAmphimermisSteiner: long and S-shaped vagina, twisted spicules for proximal 34% of their length, untwisted for 12%, again twisted for 30%, and untwisted for the last 24%; genital papillae arranged in three rows, medial row marginally longer than sub-medial rows; medial row bifurcated immediately anterior and posterior to cloaca, with 111 genital papillae (73 pre-anals and 38 post-anals). The sequences of 18S rDNA regions fromA. enzoniformed a well-supported monophyletic clade with two GenBank sequences ofAmphimermisspp. (EF617354 and EF617355) with 0.63 to 1.26% divergence and two Mermithidae spp. (LC512371 and LC512370) with 0.63 to 1.1% divergence, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first example of mermithid infection in nymphs of dragonflies and damselflies for South America.
Microscopic derivation of Ginzburg-Landau theories for hierarchical quantum Hall states
Authors: Tournois Yoran , Hermanns Maria , Hansson Hans
Published: May 2020

We propose a Ginzburg-Landau theory for a large and important part of the abelian quantum Hall hierarchy, including the prominently observed
Jain sequences. By a generalized ``flux attachment" construction we extend the Ginzburg-Landau-Chern-Simons composite boson theory to states
obtained by both quasielectron and quasihole condensation, and express the corresponding wave functions as
correlators in conformal field theories. This yields a precise identification of the relativistic scalar fields entering these correlators in terms of the original electron field.
Bacterial Siderophores and Their Potential Applications: A Review
Authors: Prabhakar Pranav Kumar
Published: May 2020

The bacterial infection is one of the major health issues throughout the world. To protect
humans from the infection and infectious agents, it is important to understand the mechanism of interaction
of pathogens along with their susceptible hosts. This will help us to develop a novel strategy
for designing effective new drugs or vaccines. As iron is an essential metal ion required for all
the living systems for their growth, as well, it is needed by pathogenic bacterial cells for their
growth and development inside host tissues. To get iron from the host tissues, microbes developed
an iron-chelating system called siderophore and also corresponding receptors. Siderophores are
low molecular weight organic complex produced by different strains of bacteria for the procurement
of iron from the environment or host body under the iron deficient-conditions. Mostly in the
environment at physiological pH, the iron is present in the ferric ionic form (Fe3+), which is water-
insoluble and thus inaccessible for them. Such a condition promotes the generation of
siderophores. These siderophores have been used in different areas such as agriculture, treatment
of diseases, culture the unculturable strains of bacteria, promotion of plant growth, controlling phytopathogens,
detoxification of heavy metal contamination, etc. In the medical field, siderophores
can be used as “Trojan Horse Strategy”, which forms a complex with antibiotics and also delivers
these antibiotics to the desired locations, especially in antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The promising
application of siderophore-based use of antibiotics for the management of bacterial resistance can
be strategies to be used.
Steekpenning of welkomstgeschenk? De strijd voor eerherstel van Gerrit Burchard en Adolf Hendrik van Rechteren
Authors: Hoenderboom Michel
Published: May 2020

Informal rules determined the playing field of the early modern administrator. In the ‘harmonious society’, maintaining peace and concord in the urban community was the most important task of every administrator. In the event of discord, charges of governing for self-interest – or corruption – always lurked around the corner. Governor Gerrit van Rechteren failed to maintain harmony in the city of Tournai. In exchange for their welcoming gifts, the city council and the tax farmers of Tournai expected the governor and the garrison to help them with the levying of city taxes and to prevent smuggling. Governor Van Rechteren did not manage to do this successfully, which meant that he eventually had to answer to the Council of State to allegations of corruption. Only after the discord in Tournai had resulted in a trial before the Council of State, did legal rules serve as a benchmark for the functioning of Gerrit van Rechteren.
Between cosmopolitism and nationalism. The House of Arenberg in the long nineteenth century
Authors: Marini Mirella
Published: May 2020

Review of Bertrand Goujon, Les Arenberg. Le gotha à l’heure des nations 1820-1919 (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2017, 1067 p., ill., index).
De freule die was bevangen door het nationaalsocialisme
Authors: Sleebe Vincent
Published: May 2020

Review of Roel van Duijn, Een zoon voor de Führer. De nazi-utopie van Julia Op ten Noort (Amsterdam: Boom uitgevers, 2018, 320 p., ill., index)
Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmann: Transzendenz und Ereignis. Heideg­gers „Beiträge zur Philosophie (Vom Ereignis)“. Ein Kommentar.
Authors: Kraatz Karl
Published: May 2020

Rezension von Friedrich-Wilhelm von Herrmanns Transzendenz und Ereignis. Heideg­gers „Beiträge zur Philosophie (Vom Ereignis)“. Ein Kommentar. Würz­burg: Königshausen & Neumann 2019.
Efecto de subproductos de palma africana en la producción y calidad de leche bovina en el sur del departamento del Atlántico, Colombia
Authors: Barragán Wilson Andres , Mestra-Vargas Lorena Inés , Portilla-Pinzon Danilo , Mejía-Luquez Jorge Armando
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de subproductos de la palma africana (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) en la producción y la calidad de la leche bajo condiciones de pequeño productor doble propósito en el sur del departamento del Atlántico, Colombia. Para ello, se estableció un diseño de sobrecambio, balanceado para efectos residuales en seis fincas en Repelón (experimento i), y dos fincas en Manatí y cuatro en Campo de la Cruz (experimento ii). Se suplementó durante un periodo de acostumbramiento y evaluación, torta de palmiste (pkc) y decantado de lodos (opdc) como dietas experimentales, y se comparó con sal mineralizada (SalM). Las dietas afectaron (p < 0,05) la producción de leche. El opdc registró la mayor producción de leche (3,20 y 4,01 L/vaca/día en experimentos i y ii, respectivamente), sin diferencia (p > 0,05) con el pkc, aunque superior (p < 0,05) al tratamiento con SalM (2,91 y 3,38 L/vaca/día en experimentos i y ii, respectivamente). La calidad composicional de la leche fue afectada por las dietas evaluadas (p < 0,05). Las dietas afectaron la concentración de nitrógeno ureico en leche (p < 0,05), indicando posibles alteraciones en la relación de proteína degradable en rumen y carbohidratos fermentables. El opdc y el pkc se presentan como suplementos promisorios para mejorar la producción de leche bajo condiciones de pequeño productor en el sur del Atlántico.
Mining Physicians’ Opinions on Social Media to Obtain Insights Into COVID-19: Mixed Methods Analysis
Authors: Wahbeh Abdullah , Nasralah Tareq , Al-Ramahi Mohammad , El-Gayar Omar
Published: May 2020

Background

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is considered to be the most daunting public health challenge in decades. With no effective treatments and with time needed to develop a vaccine, alternative approaches are being used to control this pandemic.

Objective

The objective of this paper was to identify topics, opinions, and recommendations about the COVID-19 pandemic discussed by medical professionals on the Twitter social medial platform.

Methods

Using a mixed methods approach blending the capabilities of social media analytics and qualitative analysis, we analyzed COVID-19–related tweets posted by medical professionals and examined their content. We used qualitative analysis to explore the collected data to identify relevant tweets and uncover important concepts about the pandemic using qualitative coding. Unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques and text analysis were used to identify topics and opinions.

Results

Data were collected from 119 medical professionals on Twitter about the coronavirus pandemic. A total of 10,096 English tweets were collected from the identified medical professionals between December 1, 2019 and April 1, 2020. We identified eight topics, namely actions and recommendations, fighting misinformation, information and knowledge, the health care system, symptoms and illness, immunity, testing, and infection and transmission. The tweets mainly focused on needed actions and recommendations (2827/10,096, 28%) to control the pandemic. Many tweets warned about misleading information (2019/10,096, 20%) that could lead to infection of more people with the virus. Other tweets discussed general knowledge and information (911/10,096, 9%) about the virus as well as concerns about the health care systems and workers (909/10,096, 9%). The remaining tweets discussed information about symptoms associated with COVID-19 (810/10,096, 8%), immunity (707/10,096, 7%), testing (605/10,096, 6%), and virus infection and transmission (503/10,096, 5%).

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that Twitter and social media platforms can help identify important and useful knowledge shared by medical professionals during a pandemic.
Tracking of People Behavior Changes in China during COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Yongzhong
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

While most countries implemented measures to reduce people activities and gathering to contain the coronavirus, the outcome may vary significantly depending on how and to what extent people behaviors have been changed.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate and quantify how people behavior was changing in China since the COVID-19 outbreak. The results are helpful for related research and policy making in better understanding the effect of people behavior changes on virus transmission.

METHODS

We conducted a survey of 1,048 people in five major cities in China to track and quantify the behavior changes in different periods since the outbreak.

RESULTS

It is found that there was nearly 80% reduction of out-of-home activities (working, eating, shopping, taking public transportation, and travelling) during the peak period. Such activities are gradually increasing after the easing of containment measures but still significantly below pre-outbreak level.

CONCLUSIONS

The significant behavior changes have contributed to the rapid control of virus transmission in China. While countries are reopening the economies before the virus disappears, the system and capacity of testing and contact tracing should be carefully designed with the tracking of people behavior changes in the future.
Analysis of the influencing factors of the knowledge gap related to SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: a cross-sectional study in China (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Han , Zhao Liu , Gao Hao
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Since December 2019, COVID-19 has gradually begun to spread in China, and various media formats in China have also reported SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 a lot. However, in terms of information reception and mastery of relevant knowledge points, whether there are differences between different social status groups, further research is needed.

OBJECTIVE

This article uses the COVID-19 epidemic in China at the end of 2019 as an example to study public health emergencies. It examines whether (1) social structural factors, mass media, interpersonal communication, public communication, and the perceived salience of information can predict people's acquisition of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-related knowledge and (2) the above factors can significantly predict the difference in the knowledge level of groups with different educational levels, or the knowledge gap.

METHODS

The data come from an online survey of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-related knowledge and its influencing factors conducted by the School of Journalism and Communication of Nanjing Normal University in February 2020. The dependent variable is the total score of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-related knowledge, and the primary explanatory variable is an interactive variable obtained by multiplying the frequency of use of different media (print media, radio, television, and the Internet), the frequency of interpersonal communication, the frequency of publicity, the perceived salience of information, and the education level multiplied by the above variables. This paper uses a multilevel regression analysis method to analyze the data.

RESULTS

We collected a total of 1023 valid samples through snowball sampling using a network questionnaire. The samples covered all provinces in China except Tibet and Macau.The study found that education level, print media usage frequency, Internet usage frequency, and the significance of perceived information are significantly correlated with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-related knowledge scores. Print media usage frequency and Internet usage frequency can significantly predict the differences in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-related knowledge between groups with different education levels.

CONCLUSIONS

The research results show that during this public health emergency, the use of print media and Internet media widened the knowledge gap between groups with different educational levels. Moreover, although the perceived salience of information significantly affects people's SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19-related knowledge level, its impact on groups with different education levels does not show significant differences. Therefore, the perceived salience of information will not expand or reduce the knowledge gap between groups with different education levels.
Pengaruh Pengayaan Oksigen dan Kalsium terhadap Pertumbuhan Akar dan Hasil Selada Keriting (Lactuca sativa L.) pada Hidroponik Rakit Apung
Authors: Krisna Brian , Susila Putra Eka Eka Tarwaca , Rogomulyo Rohlan , Kastono Dody
Published: May 2020

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengkayaan oksigen (O2) dankalsium (Ca) dalam larutan nutrisi hidroponik rakit apung terhadap pertumbuhan akar, hasil dan serapan Ca selada keriting. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah KacaDepartemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada yangterletak di Kecamatan Banguntapan, Kabupaten Bantul, Propinsi D.I. Yogyakarta, padabulan April-Juni 2016. Percobaan lapangan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak KelompokLengkap (RAKL) faktorial dengan tiga blok sebagai ulangan. Faktor pertama adalahvariasi tekanan aerasi dalam larutan nutrisi yang meliputi 0 mPa (V1), 0,012 mPa (V2),0,006 mPa (V3), dan 0,003 mPa (V4). Faktor kedua adalah dosis Ca dalam larutannutrisi, meliputi 0 ppm (Ca0), 200 ppm (Ca1), 400 ppm (Ca2), dan 600 ppm (Ca3).Variabel yang diamati meliputi karakter iklim mikro dalam rumah kaca, karakter kimiawilarutan nutrisi, karakter perakaran, dan hasil selada keriting. Data yang telah diperolehselanjutnya dianalisis varian (ANOVA) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%, dandilanjutkan dengan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) jika terdapat beda nyataantar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian memberikan informasi bahwa karakter perakaranselada keriting yang ditanam secara hidroponik rakit apung menjadi lebih baik jikadilakukan pengayaan oksigen dan kalsium pada larutan nutrisinya, masing-masingsampai dengan tekanan aerasi 0,012 mPa dan konsentrasi 600 ppm. Indikasinyaadalah terjadi kenaikan panjang dan luas permukaan total akar, pada tanaman seladakeriting yang diberi tekanan aerasi 0,012 mPa dan kalsium 600 ppm. Pengayaankalsium sampai dengan 600 ppm secara nyata juga meningkatkan bobot segar dankering tajuk selada keriting. Sedangkan pemberian tekanan aerasi sampai dengan0,012 mPa secara nyata meningkatkan bobot segar dan kering total selada keriting.Konsentrasi kalsium dalam jaringan selada keriting mencapai maksimal pada kalsium600 ppm, yang dikombinasikan dengan tekanan aerasi 0,012 mPa. Serapan kalsiumdipengaruhi secara individual oleh masing-masing faktor, mencapai maksimal padatanaman selada keriting yang diberi tekanan aerasi 0,012 mPa atau kalsium 600 ppm.
Pengaruh Takaran Kombinasi Pupuk NPK dan Pupuk Organik Alami Diperkaya Mikroba Fungsional terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Erselia Irma , Respatie Dyah Weny , Rogomulyo Rohlan
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juni 2015 di KebunPercobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada, di Banguntapan, Bantul,Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan takaran kombinasi pupuk NPKdan pupuk organik alami diperkaya mikroba fungsional (POD) yang memberikanpertumbuhan dan hasil jagung optimal, dan mengetahui efektivitas POD dalammeningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung. Perlakuan disusun dalam rancanganacak kelompok lengkap faktor tunggal dengan 3 blok sebagai ulangan. Faktor yang diuji berupa takaran kombinasi pupuk NPK (NPK majemuk + urea) dan POD yangterdiri atas 7 aras yaitu tanpa pupuk (P0), 300 kg/ha NPK + 250 kg/ha urea (P1), 2ton/ha POD (P2), 300 kg/ha NPK + 250 kg/ha urea + 2 ton/ha POD (P3), 225 kg/haNPK + 187,5 kg/ha urea + 2 ton/ha POD (P4), 150 kg/ha NPK + 125 kg/ha urea + 2ton/ha POD (P5) dan 75 kg/ha NPK + 62,5 kg/ha urea + 2 ton/ha POD (P6). Datapengamatan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan taraf signifikasi 5% dan apabilaterdapat beda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test dengan tarafsignifikasi yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil pipilankering biji jagung optimal (6,12 ton/ha) dicapai oleh perlakuan 300 kg/ha NPK + 250kg/ha urea (P1). Takaran kombinasi pupuk 225 kg/ha NPK + 187,5 kg/ha urea + 2ton/ha POD (P4) memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung (6,09 ton/ha) yang samabaiknya dengan takaran NPK standar (P1). POD sebanyak 2 ton/ha yangdikombinasikan dengan ¾ NPK standar (P4) efektif meningkatkan pertumbuhan danhasil jagung dengan nilai RAE mendekati 100%.
Yield Stability and Resistance of Five Melon Genotypes (Cucumis melo L.) Cultivated On Three Altitude Areas
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad
Published: May 2020

The study was conducted to determine the yield stabilities of five melon varieties tested at three altitude areas and to obtain a variety of melon whose yield and stability exceed at three altitude areas. The study examined five melon varieties, namely 'Golden Aroma', 'Ladika', King Melon, Bravo, and M19 at three altitudes, namely Jombang (lowland 52 m dpl), Jiput (mediumland 460 m dpl), and Bojong (highland 776 m dpl) using a complete randomized block design (RAKL) with four replicates (blocks). The study was conducted during the rainy season in October 2016-January 2017 (in Jombang), November 2016-February 2017 (in Jiput), and March 2017-June 2017 (in Bojong). The results showed that the varieties that had yield per hectare and genotype resistance to the environment exceeded the general average were the varieties of King Melon and Bravo, although both of them were unstable at three altitude areas. Average yield per hectare for King Melon (19.33 ton/ha) and Bravo (18.21 ton/ha) and genotype resistance to the environment for King Melon (65.42%) and Bravo (56.25%) were superior to the commercial varieties of 'Golden Aroma' and 'Ladika' and able to compete with national melon yields in 2013 (17.71 ton/ha) and 2014 (18.37 ton/ha).
Tanggapan Dua Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine max L.) Terhadap Empat Aras Salinitas
Authors: Ismail Mahmud
Published: May 2020

Salinitas merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hampir semua pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai pada fase vegetatif dan generatif. Pengaruh salin pada berbagai varietas tanaman kedelai berbeda-beda tergantung pada tingkat kepekaan varietas tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian empat kadar salin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil dua varietas kedelai. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor (CRD Faktorial) faktor pertama adalah varietas kedelai Grobogan dan varietas kedelai Malika. Faktor kedua adalah kadar salinitas: N0= kontrol, 1,17 dS/m, 2,34 dS/m, dan 3,51 dS/m. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak Duncan Multiple Range Test(DMRT) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dua varietas kedelai mampu bertahan pada kadar salin 1,17 dS/m pengukuran variabel: tinggi tanaman, luas perakaran, luas daun, klorofil a, bobot segar tajuk, bobot kering tajuk, panjang akar pada varietas Malika, bobot segar akar, bobot kering akar, laju pertumbuhan nisbi tajuk dan akar, laju asimilasi bersih, jumlah polong pertanaman dan jumlah biji pertanaman. Dua varietas kedelai menunjukkan penurunan hasil pada pemberian kadar salin 3,51 dS/m. Penurunan hasil pada varietas kedelai Malika adalah 23% jumlah polong pertanaman, 31% jumlah biji pertanaman, 39% berat kering biji , dan 20% berat 100 biji. Sedangkan pada varietas Grobogan adalah 18% jumlah polong pertanaman, 17% jumlah biji pertanaman, 26% berat kering biji , dan 11% berat 100 biji.
Evaluasi Tipe Pemanfaatan Lahan Pertanian dalam Upaya Mitigasi Kerusakan Lahan Di Desa Giritirta, Kecamatan Pejawaran, Kabupaten Banjarnegara
Authors: Setiawan Bayu
Published: May 2020

Tanaman sayur-sayuran dan bunga-bungaan banyak dihasilkan di tanah andisol dan alfisol dengan elevasi berkisar antara 350-1500 m di atas permukaan laut (dpl). Kentang di Indonesia merupakan tanaman yang memiliki nilai ekonomis cukup menjanjikan, sehingga petani berlomba-lomba untuk menanam tanaman tersebut. Lahan pegunungan yang sudah dimanfaatkan menjadi lahan pertanian perlu dilakukan evaluasi tipe pemanfaatan lahan guna mengetahui potensi produksi dan dampak kerusakan lahan yang timbul. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Giritirta, kecamatan Pejawaran, kabupaten Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2017 - November 2017. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian survei terhadap kualitas lahan dengan pengamatan langsung di lapangan, dan mengumpulkan data-data dari instansi terkait, serta survei terhadap respon petani yang dilakukan dengan wawancara. Data primer yang diambil adalah data yang diperoleh secara langsung dari objek penelitian melalui kegiatan observasi, wawancara dan/atau kuisioner, sedangkan data sekunder adalah data yang diperoleh peneliti dari sumber yang sudah ada. Pemanfaatan lahan pertanian di lokasi penelitian berupa budidaya tanaman semusim dengan komoditas utama kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) dengan teknik penanaman searah lereng serta minim tindakan konservasi lahan. Tingkat bahaya erosi tergolong dalam klas sangat berat di semua satuan lahan yang menyebabkan potensi kerusakan lahan tinggi dalam kurun waktu yang singkat. Cara mitigasi kerusakan lahan yang cocok untuk dilaksanakan yaitu dengan penanaman kopi arabika dan teh pada kelerengan curam (26%-40%) serta tanaman kina pada kelerengan sangat curam (>40%). Perbaikan lahan yang dilakukan dengan pembuatan dan perbaikan teras, penanaman strip rumput, serta pembuatan rorak
Produksi dan Kandungan Flavonoid Daun Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) pada Tiga Fase Agroforestri
Authors: Sakinah Deborah Gita
Published: May 2020

Sambung nyawa (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang telah menjadi bahan baku industri farmasi yang permintaannya akan semakin meningkat seiring dengan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya pemanfaatan obat herbal. Penanaman di agroforestri dapat menjadi solusi atas keterbatasan lahan pertanian dan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi sambung nyawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fase perkembangan agroforestri yang paling optimal bagi produksi sambung nyawa. Penelitian dilakukan di zona Nglanggeran, Kecamatan Patuk, Kabupaten Gunung Kidul dan disusun dalam rancangan over site faktor tunggal dengan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor tunggal berupa fase perkembangan agroforestri yaitu fase awal, fase tengah, dan fase lanjut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fase perkembangan agroforestri yang semakin lanjut akan meningkatkan kadar klorofil dalam daun, dan menurunkan ketebalan daun sambung nyawa umur 16 mspt. Kadar flavonoid pada daun sambung nyawa yang ditanam pada agroforestri fase awal, fase tengah, dan fase lanjut berturut-turut adalah: 1,42, 1,72, dan 1,18 %b/b. Produksi sambung nyawa dapat berlangsung secara optimal pada ketiga fase agroforestri.
Pemilihan Alternatif Pohon Buah Untuk Penghijauan Berdasar Karakteristik Tanaman Dan Kesesuaian Lahan Di Area Perkantoran Pemda Bantul, Manding, Yogyakarta
Authors: Atmojo Yogyaning Kartiko
Published: May 2020

Pohon buah dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif penghijauan di area perkantoran untuk menambah fungsi tanaman dalam penghijauan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas dan karateristik lahan serta melakukan seleksi alternatif pohon buah untuk penghijauan berdasarkan karakteristik tanaman perkantoran dan kesesuaian lahan di area perkantoran Pemda Bantul. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan survei lokasi existing, pengambilan sampel tanah dengan simple random sampling dilakukan agar mendapat sampel tanah yang sesuai dengan lokasi program revitalisasi dinas Lingkungan Hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pohon buah yang sesuai untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai penghijauan di area Perkantoran Pemda Bantul dengan memperhatikan zona aktivitas tamu atau pengunjung perkantoran. Alternatif pohon buah pada zona penerimaan antara lain Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica), Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol), Duku (Lansium domesticum). Kemudian pada zona inti aktivitas direkomendasikan alternatif pohon buah Lengkeng (Euphoria longan), Sawo Duren (Chrysophyllum cainito), Jamblang (Syzygium cumini), dan Kapulasan (Nephelium mutabile). Selanjutnya pada zona fasilitas masyarakat direkomendasikan alternatif pohon buah Jambu dersono (Eugenia malaccensis), dan Duku (Lansium domesticum)
Pengaruh Aplikasi Tiga Jenis Arang dan Klon terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Dan Serapan Unsur Silika (Si) Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.) PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X Jengkol Kediri
Authors: Siswanto Priyo Dwi , Kastono Dody , Yuwono Nasih Widya
Published: May 2020

Tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas utama di Indonesia yang merupakan tanaman yang menghasilkan gula. Produksi gula nasional mengalami penurunan karena produktivitas tanaman tebu yang rendah. Pemberian bahan yang ditujukan untuk memperbaiki kondisi tanah baik fisika, kimia maupun biologi disebut amandemen (ameliorasi). Bahan alam yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi defisiensi hara dan meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan yaitu dengan pemberian arang. Tanaman tebu sangat membutuhkan unsur Si dalam pertumbuhannya. Salah satu bahan organik yang mengandung Si tinggi yaitu arang. Kandungan Si dari berbagai sumber berbeda-beda, Si pada arang sekam padi merupakan yang tertinggi. Selain faktor pemupukan, faktor klon yang sesuai dengan lahan juga sangat penting untuk meningkatkan produksi tebu. klon merupakan suatu langkah yang ditempuh untuk memberbaiki sifat suatu tanaman baik dari segi kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kombinasi antara jenis arang dengan klon yang memiliki hasil pertumbuhan dan serapan hara paling baik. Penelitain dilakukan di lahan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X Jengkol Kediri menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu jenis arang dan yang kedua yaitu jenis klon tebu. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2017-Februari 2018. Kombinasi perlakuan arang sekam padi dan klon tebu Bululawang mampu meningkatkan hasil pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu. Tebu klon Bululawang yang diaplikasikan dengan arang sekam padi mampu memperbaiki pertumbuhan vegetatif dan tebu Klon PS 882 yang diaplikasikan dengan arang kayu mampu meningkatkan serapan unsur Silika (Si). Arang sekam padi mampu meningkatkan diameter batang dan kandungan Si jaringan batang pada umur 140 hspt.
Karakter Morfologi Akar dan Hasil Padi Ratun (Oryza sativa L.) pada Perbedaan Waktu dan Tinggi Pemotongan Tunggul Sisa Panen
Authors: Pratama Ananta Bayu , Indradewa Didik , Ambarwati Erlina
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu dan tinggi pemotongan tunggul sisa panen yang optimal untuk mendukung pertumbuhan akar sehingga diperoleh daya hasil padi ratun maksimal. Percobaan lapangan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap split plot 2 faktor dan 3 blok sebagai ulangan.  Percobaan lapangan disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap split plot 2 faktor dan 3 blok sebagai ulangan.  Petak utama berupa waktu pemotongan tunggul, terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu: saat panen (0 HSP), 7 hari setelah panen (7 HSP) dan 14 hari setelah panen (14 HSP). Anak petak berupa tinggi pemotongan tunggul, terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu: 4 cm, 14 cm, 24 cm dan 34 cm. Variabel yang diamati berupa variabel morfologi akar dan hasil padi ratun. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis varians (ANOVA) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%, dilanjutkan dengan uji polinomial orthogonal. Hubungan antar variabel pengamatan ditentukan dengan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian memberi informasi bahwa waktu pemotongan tunggul sisa panen berpengaruh terhadap diameter akar dengan waktu pemotongan terbaik 10 HSP yang menghasilkan diameter sebesar 0,89 mm, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap sifat perakaran lainnya. Pemotongan tunggul setinggi 4 cm di atas permukaan tanah menghasilkan pertumbuhan akar baru yang lebih baik dan ukuran diameter akar yang lebih besar. Padi ratun yang memiiki pertumbuhan akar yang baik dan diameter akar yang lebih besar memiliki lama fase vegetatif yang lebih panjang (44 hari) dan produktivitas gabah yang lebih tinggi (3,39 – 3,54 ton/ha).
Keragaan Empat Kultivar Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.) Hasil Enkapsulasi Benih yang diperkaya dengan Mikoriza
Authors: Handayani Dinda Tria , Taryono Taryono
Published: May 2020

Mikoriza merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi kurangnya kesuburan di lahan marjinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran mikoriza pada masa pembibitan, pertumbuhan, dan perkembangan kacang hijau serta merekomendasikan cara enkapsulasi yang tepat untuk pemberian mikoriza pada benih kacang hijau. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-Oktober 2017 di Rumah Vegetalika, Ruang Mallika dan Ruang Mendel Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman, Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor. Variabel yang diamati meliputi mutu benih, infeksi mikoriza, sifat komponen bibit, pertumbuhan tanaman, dan komponen hasil.  Keseluruhan data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian sesuai Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan dilakukan pembandingan dengan Scott-Knott pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian memberikan informasi bahwa enkapsulasi montmorillonite pada kultivar Murai dan Sriti memberikan hasil yang terbaik. Interaksi antara faktor enkapsulasi dan kultivar ditemukan pada hasil indeks vigor, indeks vigor hipotetik, bobot segar bibit, tinggi tanaman 60 hst, tinggi tanaman panen, jumlah daun panen, dan waktu berbunga.
Qualitative Study Models in Understanding of Aggression, Bullying, and Violence
Authors: Navaneedhan C. Girija , Kamalanabhan T. J.
Published: May 2020

Aggression in humans is characterised under two categories a) physical and b) Mental aggression. Physical aggression is the Psychological as well as Social behaviour in which an individual literally causes physical harm leading to pain on another individual, whereas mental aggression is the one in which an individual causes emotional pain verbally on another individual. Both the types of aggression damages social well-being of the individuals involved in it. This scenario is similar to the outbreak of Tsunami followed by an Earth quake. In both the situation the consequence is damage. Bullying is a psychological act of provocation as the result of destress by the individuals exhibiting their power on others. Though bullying is very common in school environment, it also occurs in office environment etc. Bullying causes emotional damage to a greater extent compared to physical damage. Violence is the product of aggression and bullying resulting in physical injury as well as emotional break down. The present chapter discusses in detail a qualitative model in understanding of the acts of aggression and bullying resulting in violence as well as suggestions controlling the act of aggression and bullying.
A Review of Institutional Frameworks & Financing Arrangements for Waste Management in Nigerian Cities
Authors: Winter Michael , Ujoh Fanan
Published: May 2020

Nigeria is rapidly urbanizing and is forecasted to become the 3rd most urbanized nation by 2100. Expectedly, the rapid urbanization presents challenges in many areas including the management of municipal services such as solid waste. This yawning failure is reflected in the poor quality of waste services across Nigerian cities. The study reviewed municipal waste management governance and institutional frameworks, and financing arrangements in two major cities in the North-western and south-eastern parts of Nigeria—Kano and Enugu cities. Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) using a number of structured questions checklist were conducted for the Heads of Government institutions responsible for waste management, Public Appropriation/Budget and Finance Units, as well as other key stakeholders including waste generators (residents and business owners), waste pickers and informal waste recyclers, and waste service providers. Additional, existing policy frameworks and infrastructure financing were reviewed. The findings reveal institutional and policy inadequacies, financing limitations, technical incapacity, infrastructural inadequacies, and socio-economic and attitudinal barriers, that collectively impede effective and efficient waste management service delivery in both cities. The assumption is that the findings of this study reflects the status in many Nigerian cities.