bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependence of nucleosome mechanical stability on DNA mismatches
Authors: Ngo Thuy TM , Liu Bailey , Wang Feng , Basu Aakash , Wu Carl , Ha Taekjip
Published: April 2024

The organization of nucleosomes into chromatin and their accessibility are shaped by local DNA mechanics. Conversely, nucleosome positions shape genetic variations, which may originate from mismatches during replication and chemical modification of DNA. To investigate how DNA mismatches affect the mechanical stability and the exposure of nucleosomal DNA, we used an optical trap combined with single-molecule FRET and a single-molecule FRET cyclization assay. We found that a single base-pair C-C mismatch enhances DNA bendability and nucleosome mechanical stability for the 601-nucleosome positioning sequence. An increase in force required for DNA unwrapping from the histone core is observed for single base-pair C-C mismatches placed at three tested positions: at the inner turn, at the outer turn, or at the junction of the inner and outer turn of the nucleosome. The results support a model where nucleosomal DNA accessibility is reduced by mismatches, potentially explaining the preferred accumulation of single-nucleotide substitutions in the nucleosome core and serving as the source of genetic variation during evolution and cancer progression. Mechanical stability of an intact nucleosome, that is mismatch-free, is also dependent on the species as we find that yeast nucleosomes are mechanically less stable and more symmetrical in the outer turn unwrapping compared to Xenopus nucleosomes.
Borde como Infraestructura articuladora de procesos en el paisaje. Valorización del patrimonio fluvial en la Ciudad de Maullín
Authors:   , Miranda Mitchel Michelle Alejandra
Published: April 2024

La ciudad estuarina de Maullín es un ejemplo de cómo las diversas interacciones sociales en un territorio naturalmente dinámico conforman un paisaje cultural. Al constituirse como una ciudad de borde, éste ha sido capaz de evidenciar no sólo tradiciones y modos de vida coherentes con los procesos naturales y culturales del paisaje, sino también de revelar remanentes materiales y escombros que manifiestanun pasado fluvial relevante que culminó con el tsunami de 1960. Frente a un borde que desampara un patrimonio fluvial único al presentarse como un límite disociador, deteriorado e incapaz de responder a las dinámicas mareales, la reconfiguración de éste como una infraestructura multipropósito de paisaje buscará articular los procesos naturales y culturales que conforman el paisaje cultural de Maullín con el fin de valorizar su patrimonio y asegurar la permanencia de la identidad fluvial en un entorno dinámico.
Integración de los sistemas de transporte masivo en el entorno construido: revitalización equilibrada en Estación Central
Authors:   , Torres Cañas Antonia
Published: April 2024

A través de los tiempos, la red de transporte y su entramado ha desempeñado un papel vital en el tejido urbano. La fluidez y efectividad en los desplazamientos individuales son esenciales para el progreso de las sociedades a lo largo de la historia, convirtiéndose en pilares estructurales de la sociedad. La integración de los sistemas de transporte en el entorno inmediato genera puntos estratégicos dentro de la ciudad, facilitando encuentros y conexiones. Además, promueve la presencia permanente de población en las proximidades de estas estructuras, mejorando su funcionamiento y el desarrollo del área, facilitando el acceso a oportunidades y permitiendo un uso eficiente del suelo en áreas circundantes. A pesar de su alta conectividad, Estación Central enfrenta desafíos relacionados con la densificación urbana. La investigación se enfoca en comprender los factores que han obstaculizado el desarrollo inmobiliario en la zona, así como en identificar estrategias para mejorar la integración social en el entorno. Se parte de la hipótesis de que una mejor integración de la infraestructura de transporte con su entorno puede contribuir a revitalizar la zona y promover un desarrollo equilibrado que incluya viviendas en densidad y una población activa y permanente. Mediante estrategias de gestión, reubicación, reorganización y remodelación del terminal de buses interurbanos San Borja, se logra diseñar una infraestructura que se integra con el entorno construido e integra a los usos asociados del sistema de transporte. Este enfoque ofrece numerosas oportunidades de desarrollo en sus alrededores despertando interés en el barrio. Dichos incentivos no solo consolidan al terminal como un nodo intermodal importante para la ciudad de Santiago, sino que también lo posicionan como un lugar que contribuye a la formación de un barrio y una comunidad en su entorno.
Rememorando el paisaje olvidado de la Red de agua: Sistema de articulación de humedales urbanos como infraestructura de paisaje y drenaje urbano para la ciudad de Llanquihue
Authors:   , Caro Soto Nicolás José
Published: April 2024

La ciudad de Llanquihue, ubicada en la Región de los Lagos, se originó gracias al proceso de colonización alemana promocionado en Chile a partir de 1852, el cual tuvo como uno de los focos principales la colonización del borde del Lago Llanquihue. La ciudad se relaciona directamente con el desagüe del Lago y el nacimiento del Río Maullín, ambos ecosistemas que contribuyeron a la construcción del paisaje cultural e imaginario de Llanquihue, relacionándolo directamente a un paisaje de agua con diversos cuerpos y cursos de agua asociados al mismo. El desagüe del lago Llanquihue fue uno de los principales elementos que detonó la fundación de la ciudad en ese lugar y que, debido a diferentes procesos como la construcción de la vía ferroviaria, la expansión urbana o la llegada de diferentes fábricas en torno a la ciudad, hoy se consolida como un paisaje olvidado que se evidencia en la fragmentación de una línea de agua que existía en su territorio, la cual sostenía diversos humedales y formaba parte del sistema de desagüe del lago Llanquihue.En el año 2016 la Fundación Legado Chile, cuyo principal fin es generar instancias y proyectos de conservación y valor del patrimonio natural de Chile, lanzó el Programa “Llanquihue, Ciudad de humedales”, el cual tiene como objetivo proteger, activar y conservar los humedales de Llanquihue entendiéndolos como ecosistemas urbanos, promocionando la realización de diferentes proyectos y actividades en el ámbito dela educación ambiental y proyectos de arquitectura del paisaje.Según lo expuesto anteriormente, en esta investigación proyectual se propone entender a Llanquihue como una ciudad en la que las dinámicas urbanas coexisten con dinámicas naturales de remanentes insertos en la trama de la ciudad, que se presentan como elementos de memoria de un paisaje olvidado y de vital importancia para el funcionamiento ecosistémico del territorio, en donde la articulación de estos devela huellas del pasado y el buen manejo de los mismos nos da la clave para conservar este paisaje del agua asociado a la ciudad, recuperando un imaginario olvidado y aumentando la capacidad de servicios ecosistémicos prestados hacia Llanquihue. Frente a este escenario es fundamental entender este sistema de humedales como una pieza continua, proponiendo así un proyecto de infraestructura de paisaje, que se entiende como una activación de los ecosistemas urbanos mediante el diseño de espacios asociados a los mismos que sean capaces de articular los remanentes naturales, rememorar un paisaje olvidado, reactivando así la red de natural de drenaje lacustre en la ciudad de Llanquihue.
Efecto de la rigidez de las losas en el diseño sísmico de edificios de hormigón armado
Authors:   , Eissmann Peña Javier
Published: April 2024

En Chile, al momento de modelar edificios de hormigón armado cuya estructuración se basa en muros y losas de hormigón armado, una práctica común es considerar una rigidez a flexión reducida en las losas. Sin embargo, esta práctica no está normada, y el supuesto respecto a la rigidez a flexión de las losas de edificios de hormigón armado queda a criterio de cada ingeniero. Estudios recientes han demostrado que los supuestos de rigidez de las losas generan cambios relevantes en los esfuerzos sísmicos obtenidos en los muros. El objetivo general de esta investigación es evaluar el efecto del supuesto de rigidez de las losas en el diseño sisimico de edificios de muros de hormigón armado. Para esto se estudian tres edificios con la misma planta de 10, 16 y 22 pisos. En primer lugar, se realizan modelos de elementos finitos de los edificios considerando un 100%, 25% y 10%de la rigidez flexural en las losas. En segundo lugar, se comparan las propiedades dinámicas y la respuesta sísmica de los edificios bajo las diferentes consideraciones de modelación de las losas. En tercer lugar, se diseñan los muros según la norma propuesta prNCh430 y se compara la armadura utilizada en los muros. Finalmente, se evalúa el desempeño sísmico de los edificios diseñados a través de un análisis estático no lineal utilizando los modelos con las distintas rigideces consideradas en las losas. Los resultados de esta tesis demuestran que el supuesto de rigidez en las losas tiene efectos en el diseño y desempeño sísmico de edificios de hormigón armado. En el caso de los edificios de 10 pisos, los resultados no muestran una relación directa entre el supuesto de rigidez considerado para las losas y el diseño y desempeño sísmico del edificio. En los casos de 16 y 22 pisos, la disminución de la rigidez considerada en las losas en los modelos implica la necesidad de mayor confinamiento y en algunos casos de mayor armadura longitudinal. Al requerir mayor confinamiento, las estructuras presentan un mejor desempeño sísmico.
Manipulación, censura y visibilidad en la traducción al español del deseo homoerótico de El retrato de Dorian Gray de Oscar Wilde
Authors:   , Cáceres Huenchuñir Bell
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de la traducción del contenido homoerótico presente en fragmentos de la novela The Picture of Dorian Gray de Oscar Wilde publicada en 2012 y escrita en 1890. El análisis comparativo se realizó con un texto de partida en inglés y dos traducciones al español, realizadas en 2017 y 2021 respectivamente; además, se enfocó en las interacciones entre los tres personajes masculinos principales de la novela. La categorización de las traducciones se basó a partir de las tres estrategias de traducción de contenido queer propuestas por Marc Démont (2018). El análisis dio como resultado la presencia en los fragmentos seleccionados de las tres estrategias, misrecognizing, minoritizing y queering, donde la estrategia misrecognizing se presenta como una omisión del deseo homoerótico, siendo este ignorado o reemplazado por deseo homosocial; la estrategia minoritizing aterriza el homoerotismo según la concepción de la homosexualidad ligada a las ansiedades sociales que nacen en el siglo 19, es decir, corrupción, degeneración y suciedad (Dowling 1994) y, finalmente, la estrategia queering presenta los fragmentos de manera que se respeta la representación que existe en el texto de partida, sus ambigüedades y alusiones. Asimismo, se identificó que, dentro de los fragmentos seleccionados, una de las traducciones se inclina más hacia una traducción queering, mientras que la otra resulta más misrecognizing. Finalmente, esta investigación abre la posibilidad de seguir la línea de trabajo con las distintas versiones de Picture of Dorian Gray y de tratar temáticas poco exploradas en la academia en Chile.
Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na violência contra a mulher: analise da prevalencia das lesões do complexo bucomaxilofacial
Authors: Furtado Beatriz Alves , Martins Ronald Jefferson , Garbin Clea Adas Saliba , Saliba Tânia Adas
Published: April 2024

A violência contra a mulher é um fenômeno global que persiste como um desafio social e de saúde pública, afetando milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo. A pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbou essa situação, impondo medidas de confinamento que aumentaram a vulnerabilidade das mulheres aos abusos domésticos. Baseado no exposto, o estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da pandemia de COVID-19 na violência contra a mulher na cidade de Araçatuba-SP, os dados foram coletados a partir dos boletins de ocorrência e laudos periciais de casos de violência contra a mulher atendidos na Delegacia de Defesa da Mulher (DDM), no período de 2019 a 2021. Analisou-se dados socioeconômicos e características das lesões que envolveram o complexo bucomaxilofacial. As variáveis estudadas incluíam faixa etária, tipo de violência e agente causador da lesão. Houve um aumento significativo na incidência de violência contra a mulher no período pandêmico, e as agressões frequentemente tinham como alvo áreas faciais; o que reflete o caráter simbólico de humilhação atribuído pelo agressor à mulher. O agravamento dos casos de violência revela a necessidade do desenvolvimento de Politicas Publicas de combate dessa situação, visto que não podem ser descartadas o surgimento de novas de pandemias.
Anaesthetic Management of Paediatric Patient with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome undergoing Excision of Scalp Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Singh Shweta , Khatavkar Sonal , Yerramshetty Mounika
Published: April 2024

Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a sporadic condition characterised by the clinical triad of capillary malformation, atypical varicosity, and soft-tissue and bony hypertrophy. This triad was observed in the current case. Despite being initially described over a century ago, the exact incidence of this syndrome remains unestimated. The clinical presentation of KTS is highly diverse, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe instances involving life-threatening bleeding and embolism. The authors present a case report of a 10-year-old girl with complaints of a cystic swelling in her left temporal region. She exhibited distinct features such as facial asymmetry, a high-arched palate, a prominent mandible, a port-wine stain on her cheeks, nasal bridge depression, and right-sided body hypertrophy. The child showed delayed developmental milestones, including holding her neck at 1.5 months, a bidextrous approach at seven months, and social smiling at six months, indicating global developmental delay. The patient was scheduled for excision of the swelling. Following the successful excision of the cyst, the child was extubated. The extubation was uneventful. In the postoperative period, the patient remained haemodynamically stable. Managing such a patient for a surgical procedure requires a meticulous approach involving accurate anaesthetic preparation and the prevention of complications.
Application of Genetic Information to Cochlear Implantation in Clinical Practice
Authors: Wu Chen-Chi
Published: April 2024

Cochlear implantation is currently the treatment of choice for children with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing impairment (SNHI). However, the outcomes with cochlear implant (CI) vary significantly among recipients. Genetic diagnosis offers direct clues regarding the pathogenesis of SNHI, which facilitates the development of personalized medicine for potential candidates for CI. In this article, I present a comprehensive overview of the usefulness of genetic information in clinical decision-making for CI. Genetically confirmed diagnosis enables clinicians to: 1) monitor the evolution of SNHI and determine the optimal surgical timing, 2) predict the potential benefits of CI in patients with identified genetic etiology, and 3) select CI devices/electrodes tailored to patients with specific genetic mutations.
Dynamics of the Digital Workforce: Assessing the Interplay and Impact of AI, Automation, and Employment Policies
Authors: Olaniyi Oluwaseun Oladeji , Ezeugwa Favour Amarachi , Okatta Chinenye Gbemisola , Arigbabu Abayomi Shamsudeen , Joeaneke Princess Chimmy
Published: April 2024

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation within various sectors poses challenges and opportunities for the global workforce. This study investigates the implications of AI and automation on employment patterns, skills requirements, and remote work infrastructures. Employing a quantitative research design, data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 482 professionals across the information technology, healthcare, and finance sectors. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test hypotheses related to the impact of technological advancements on employment. Major findings indicate a significant, albeit complex, impact of AI and automation on employment. Most respondents recognized AI and automation as catalysts for creating new job opportunities and enhancing productivity, particularly in sectors with high integration of digital technologies. However, the study also highlighted substantial concerns regarding the widening skills gap and the adequacy of current employment policies in managing the transition. Specifically, sixty-nine percent of respondents identified a significant skills gap necessitating urgent educational and training interventions. About half of the respondents viewed existing employment policies as inadequate in addressing the challenges of rapid technological changes. The study concludes that while AI and automation are reshaping the employment landscape, creating new types of jobs, and altering skill requirements, there is a critical need for proactive adaptation strategies. Recommendations include developing targeted reskilling programs, adaptive employment policies, and robust remote work infrastructures to support an increasingly digital workforce. These strategies are essential to harness the benefits of digital transformations while mitigating potential adverse effects on employment.
A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence: A Future Guide to Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Das Subrata , Kaur Manvir , Chhabra Vandna , Nandi Titli , Mishra Purba , Ghosh Sriman
Published: April 2024

The population is expected to grow rapidly and reach 10 billion people by the year 2050. As a result, there will be a greater need for food. The conventional techniques employed by the farmers proved insufficient to meet these demands. For this, new automated techniques were unveiled. Along with other cutting-edge computer science applications, farming has long made use of technologies like artificial intelligence. The focus has shifted in recent years to consider the applications of this new technology. A significant percentage of humanity's nutrition has come from agriculture for thousands of years, with the most significant contribution being the broad adoption of efficient farming techniques for a variety of crops. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture has sparked a revolution in the field, and AI technology has made the agro-based commercial sector operate more profitably. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have the power to transform the future and address problems. This will make it easier for farmers to learn about climate variance and pests that lower crops. The use of AI focuses on identifying damaged crops and enhancing the ability of healthy crops to provide higher yields. This paper gives a thorough analysis of AI models used in agricultural applications. It also examines the use of AI models to specify sustainable goals. This article explores the challenges and opportunities for utilizing AI to develop future generations of sustainable agriculture through this comprehensive review.
Exploring the Potential of Momordica charantia Fruits Mucilage as a Novel Pharmaceutical Excipient
Authors: Chowdhury Tahamina Momtaz , Hossain Md. Rabiul , Hossain Rashadul , Sultana Rajia
Published: April 2024

Background: The discovery and developments of new drug formulations are inspired by medicinal plants. Polysaccharides, such as mucilage or gum from medicinal plants, have a variety of physicochemical properties and are commonly used in pharmaceutical applications.
Objectives: The current study's objectives are to construct and assess Metformin HCl tablets employing Momordica charantia (MC) natural mucilage as a binder and release modifier.
Methods: The mucilage was isolated from the fruits of MC. The tablet was made using a wet granulation process, and the formulation included several mucilage ratios (1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10%).
Results: It was found that the granules and tablets had good flow qualities based on results of the pre- and post-compression parameters. The release kinetic study showed that F4 showed the first order release kinetics and F8 showed the zero and the higuchi’s release kinetics. In low concentration of mucilage tablets showed good binding properties with immediate release properties. As the concentration was increased, tablets showed good binding properties with sustained release properties.
Conclusion: The isolated mucilage from Momordica charantias has the potential to be used as a tablet binder and as an intermediary in the development of a sustained-release drug
Comparative 3D quantitative analyses of trapeziometacarpal joint surface curvatures among living catarrhines and fossil hominins
Authors: Marzke M.W. , Tocheri M.W. , Steinberg B. , Femiani J.D. , Reece S.P. , Linscheid R.L. , Orr C.M. , Marzke R.F.
Published: June 2009

Comparisons of joint surface curvature at the base of the thumb have long been made to discern differences among living and fossil primates in functional capabilities of the hand. However, the complex shape of this joint makes it difficult to quantify differences among taxa. The purpose of this study is to determine whether significant differences in curvature exist among selected catarrhine genera and to compare these genera with hominin1 fossils in trapeziometacarpal curvature. Two 3D approaches are used to quantify curvatures of the trapezial and metacarpal joint surfaces: (1) stereophotogrammetry with nonuniform rational B‐spline (NURBS) calculation of joint curvature to compare modern humans with captive chimpanzees and (2) laser scanning with a quadric‐based calculation of curvature to compare modern humans and wild‐caught Pan, Gorilla, Pongo, and Papio. Both approaches show that Homo has significantly lower curvature of the joint surfaces than does Pan. The second approach shows that Gorilla has significantly more curvature than modern humans, while Pongo overlaps with humans and African apes. The surfaces in Papio are more cylindrical and flatter than in Homo. Australopithecus afarensis resembles African apes more than modern humans in curvatures, whereas the Homo habilis trapezial metacarpal surface is flatter than in all genera except Papio. Neandertals fall at one end of the modern human range of variation, with smaller dorsovolar curvature. Modern human topography appears to be derived relative to great apes and Australopithecus and contributes to the distinctive human morphology that facilitates forceful precision and power gripping, fundamental to human manipulative activities. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

1 The term “hominin” refers to members of the tribe Hominini, which includes modern humans and fossil species that are related more closely to modern humans than to extant species of chimpanzees, Wood and Lonergan (2008). Hominins are in the family Hominidae with great apes.
A new species of Pliopithecus Gervais, 1849 (Primates: Pliopithecidae) from the Middle Miocene (MN8) of Abocador de Can Mata (els Hostalets de Pierola, Catalonia, Spain)
Authors: Alba David M. , Moyà‐Solà Salvador , Malgosa Assumpció , Casanovas‐Vilar Isaac , Robles Josep M. , Almécija Sergio , Galindo Jordi , Rotgers Cheyenn , Mengual Juan Vicente Bertó
Published: June 2009

Pliopithecus (Pliopithecus) canmatensis sp. nov. is described from several Late Aragonian localities from Abocador de Can Mata (ACM) in els Hostalets de Pierola (Vallès‐Penedès Basin, Catalonia, Spain), spanning from ∼11.7 to 11.6 Ma (C5r.3r subchron), and being correlated to the MN8 (reference locality La Grive L3). The ACM remains display a pliopithecine dental morphology with well‐developed pliopithecine triangles on M/2 and M/3. This, together with other occlusal details, negates an attribution to the subgenus Epipliopithecus. Although slightly smaller, the ACM remains are most similar in size to comparable elements of P. piveteaui and P. antiquus. Several occlusal details (such as the greater development of the buccal cingulid in lower molars) and dental proportions (M/3 much longer than M/2), however, indicate greater similarities with P. antiquus from Sansan and La Grive. The ACM remains, however, differ from P. antiquus in dental proportions as well as occlusal morphology of the lower molars (including the less peripheral position of the protoconid and more medial position of the hypoconulid, the more mesial position of the buccal cuspids as compared to the lingual ones, the narrower but distinct mesial fovea, the higher trigonid, and the more extensive buccal cingulid, among others). These differences justify a taxonomic distinction at the species level of the ACM pliopithecid remains with respect to P. antiquus. Previous pliopithecid findings from the Vallès‐Penedès Basin, previously attributed to P. antiquus, are neither attributable to the latter species nor to the newly erected one. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Trophy‐taking and dismemberment as warfare strategies in prehistoric central California
Authors: Andrushko Valerie A. , Schwitalla Al W. , Walker Phillip L.
Published: June 2009

We document evidence for trophy‐taking and dismemberment with a new bioarchaeological database featuring 13,453 individuals from prehistoric central California sites. Our study reveals 76 individuals with perimortem removal of body parts consistent with trophy‐taking or dismemberment; nine of these individuals display multiple types of trophy‐taking and dismemberment for a total of 87 cases. Cases span almost 5,000 years, from the Early Period (3000–500 BC) to the Late Period (AD 900–1700). Collectively, these individuals share traits that distinguish them from the rest of the population: a high frequency of young adult males, an increased frequency of associated trauma, and a tendency towards multiple burials and haphazard burial positions. Eight examples of human bone artifacts were also found that appear related to trophy‐taking. These characteristics suggest that trophy‐taking and dismemberment were an important part of the warfare practices of central Californian tribes. Temporally, the two practices soared in the Early/Middle Transition Period (500–200 BC), which may have reflected a more complex sociopolitical system that encouraged the use of trophies for status acquisition, as well as the migration of outside groups that resulted in intensified conflict. Overall, trophy‐taking and dismemberment appear to have been the product of the social geography of prehistoric central California, where culturally differentiated tribes lived in close proximity to their enemies. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of communities in safeguarding children and young people
Authors: Jack Gordon , Gill Owen
Published: June 2009

Historically, children's safeguarding policy and practice in the UK have focused on individual and family‐level explanations of abuse and neglect, with relatively little attention given to children's overall well‐being or the role played by neighbourhood conditions in shaping it. As a result, community‐oriented practice, designed to improve the neighbourhood conditions in which many of the families who come to the attention of child welfare agencies live, has largely remained on the margins of mainstream provision for safeguarding children and young people.

However, more recent policy developments, includingEvery Child Mattersand theChildren's Plan, do highlight the influence of children's wider circumstances on their well‐being, providing the foundations for more holistic approaches to service provision. Nevertheless, it is argued that these policy developments are unlikely to be successful unless they are accompanied by fundamental changes within the culture of many agencies and professions. Using a combination of ecological theory and practice examples, some of the main strands of the changes required (developing a culture of listening to children and adults; recognising and supporting the safeguarding activities of local people; and promoting partnership approaches to extending local provision) are critically examined. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Birth of a Chemical Society
Authors: Scorrano Gianfranco
Published: June 2009

A short description of the events leading to the birth of the Italian Chemical Society is given. The first Italian Chemical Society was established in 1909, and resulted from the merging of the Milan and Rome sections.
Fabrication of Luminescent CdS Nanoparticles on Short‐Peptide‐Based Hydrogel Nanofibers: Tuning of Optoelectronic Properties
Authors: Palui Goutam , Nanda Jayanta , Ray Sudipta , Banerjee Arindam
Published: June 2009

The pH‐induced self‐assembly of three synthetic tripeptides in water medium is used to immobilize luminescent CdS nanoparticles. These peptides form a nanofibrillar network structure upon gelation in aqueous medium at basic pH values (pH 11.0–13.0), and the fabrication of CdS nanoparticles on the gel nanofiber confers the luminescent property to these gels. Atomic force microscopy, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy clearly reveal the presence of CdS nanoparticles in a well‐defined array on the gel nanofibers. This is a convenient way to make organic nanofiber–inorganic nanoparticle hybrid nanocomposite systems. The size of the CdS nanoparticles remains almost same before and after deposition on the gel nanofiber. Photoluminescence (PL) measurement of the CdS nanoparticles upon deposition on the gel nanofibers shows a significant blue shift in the emission spectrum of the nanoparticles, and there is a considerable change in the PL gap energy of the CdS nanoparticles after immobilization on different gel nanofibrils. This finding suggests that the optoelectronic properties of CdS nanoparticles can be tuned upon deposition on gel nanofibers without changing the size of the nanoparticles.
Synthesis and Biophysical Studies on 35‐Deoxy Amphotericin B Methyl Ester
Authors: Szpilman Alex M. , Cereghetti Damiano M. , Manthorpe Jeffrey M. , Wurtz Nicholas R. , Carreira Erick M.
Published: June 2009

The use of molecular editing in the elucidation of the mechanism of action of amphotericin B is presented. A modular strategy for the synthesis of amphotericin B and its designed analogues is developed, which relies on an efficient gram‐scale synthesis of various subunits of amphotericin B. A novel method for the coupling of the mycosamine to the aglycone was identified. The implementation of the approach has enabled the preparation of 35‐deoxy amphotericin B methyl ester. Investigation of the antifungal activity and efflux‐inducing ability of this amphotericin B congener provided new clues to the role of the 35‐hydroxy group and is consistent with the involvement of double barrel ion channels in causing electrolyte efflux.
The AZARYPHOS Family of Ligands for Ambifunctional Catalysis: Syntheses and Use in Ruthenium‐Catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Hydration of Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Hintermann Lukas , Dang Tuan Thanh , Labonne Aurélie , Kribber Thomas , Xiao Li , Naumov Pance
Published: June 2009

The family of AZARYPHOS (aza–aryl–phosphane) phosphane ligands, containing a phosphine unit and sterically shielded nitrogen lone pairs in the ligand periphery, is introduced as a tool for developing ambifunctional catalysis by the metal center and nitrogen lone pairs in the ligand sphere. General synthetic strategies have been developed to synthesize over 25 examples of structurally diverse (6‐aryl‐2‐pyridyl)phosphanes (ARPYPHOS), (6‐alkyl‐2‐pyridyl)phosphanes (ALPYPHOS), 4,6‐disubsituted 1,3‐diazin‐2‐ylphosphanes or 1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐ylphosphanes, quinazolinylphosphanes, quinolinylphosphanes, and others. The scalable syntheses proceed in a few steps. The incorporation of AZARYPHOS ligands (L) into complexes [RuCp(L)2(MeCN)][PF6] (Cp=cyclopentadienyl) gives catalysts for the anti‐Markovnikov hydration of terminal alkynes of the highest known activities. Electronic and steric ligand effects modulate the reaction kinetics over a range of two orders of magnitude. These results highlight the importance of using structurally diverse ligand families in the process of developing cooperative ambifunctional catalysis by a metal and its ligand.
Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of Novel Homodinuclear Cobalt and Nickel Borylene Complexes
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Christ Bastian , Colling‐Hendelkens Miriam , Forster Melanie , Götz Kathrin , Kaupp Martin , Radacki Krzysztof , Seeler Fabian
Published: June 2009

Herein we report for the first time full details on the synthesis and structural characterization of novel homodinuclear bridging cobalt and nickel borylene complexes containing bridging carbonyl ligands, an unusual coordination motif rarely before observed for homodinuclear borylene complexes. Furthermore, the homodinuclear nickel complex represents the first instance of a nickel borylene complex. Quantum chemical analyses of charge‐density topology, electron localization function (ELF) and natural charges indicate the absence of direct metal–metal bonds in both the cobalt and nickel systems, in contradiction with electron counting. The topology of the Laplacian of the electron density and of the ELF around the bridging boron atom is consistent with a bis‐metallo‐substituted borane situation for the dicobalt system, but with a three‐center‐bonding borylene for the dinickel complex.
Precursor and Solvent Effects in the Nonhydrolytic Synthesis of Complex Oxide Nanoparticles for Bioimaging Applications by the Ether Elimination (Bradley) Reaction
Authors: Pazik Robert , Tekoriute Renata , Håkansson Sebastian , Wiglusz Rafal , Strek Wieslaw , Seisenbaeva Gulaim A. , Gun'ko Yurii K. , Kessler Vadim G.
Published: June 2009

Investigation of the solvent and alkoxide precursor effect on the nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of oxide nanoparticles by means of an ether elimination (Bradley) reaction indicates that the best crystallinity of the resulting oxide particles is achieved on application of aprotic ketone solvents, such as acetophenone, and of smallest possible alkoxide groups. The size of the produced primary particles is always about 5 nm caused by intrinsic mechanisms of their formation. The produced particles, possessing the composition of natural highly insoluble minerals, are biocompatible. Optical characteristics of the perovskite complex oxide nanoparticles can easily be controlled through doping with rare earth cations; for example, by Eu3+. They can be targeted through surface modification by anchoring the directing biomolecules through a phosphate or phosphonate moiety. Testing of the distribution of Eu‐doped BaTiO3 particles, modified with ethylphosphonic acid, demonstrates their facile uptake by the plants with active fluid transport, resulting finally in their enhanced concentration within the cell membranes.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Investigation of Tetraperoxo Complexes of Mo(VI) and W(VI) — X‐Ray and Theoretical Studies.
Authors: Grzywa M. , Lasocha W. , Rutkowska‐Zbik D.
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure—High‐Temperature Behavior of ζ‐Fe2N and Phase Transition to ε‐Fe3N1.5.
Authors: Schwarz Ulrich , Wosylus Aron , Wessel Michael , Dronskowski Richard , Hanfland Michael , Rau Dieter , Niewa Rainer
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Metastable Mg≈6Ni Phase — Thermal Behavior, Crystal Structure and Hydrogen Reactivity of the Rapidly Quenched Alloy.
Authors: Teresiak A. , Uhlemann M. , Thomas J. , Gebert A.
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Adsorbate‐Induced Surface Segregation for Core—Shell Nanocatalysts.
Authors: Mayrhofer Karl J. J. , Juhart Viktorija , Hartl Katrin , Hanzlik Marianne , Arenz Matthias
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structures, and Physical Properties of the Novel Compounds LaLn4Mo36O52 (Ln: Dy, Er, Yb, and Y) Containing Infinite Chains of Trans‐Edge‐Shared Mo6 Octahedra and Mo2 Pairs and Rectangular Mo4 Clusters with Triple Mo—Mo Bonds.
Authors: Barrier N. , Fontaine B. , Pierrefixe S. , Gautier R. , Gougeon P.
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two New Transition‐Metal Complexes (TMCs)‐Templated Three‐Dimensional Supramolecular Networks Based on Tungstovanadophosphates.
Authors: Lu Yu‐Kun , Cui Xiao‐Bing , Liu Ya‐Bing , Yang Qing‐Feng , Shi Shu‐Yun , Xu Ji‐Qing , Wang Tie‐Gang
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Thermal Behavior, Spectroscopic and Magnetic Properties of the (NH4) [Fe(AsO4)1‐x(PO4)xF] (I) (x = 0.3, 0.6, 0.8) Series. Thermal Transformation of (NH4) [Fe(AsO4)0.7(PO4)0.3F] into the Textural Porous Orthorhombic Fe(AsO4)0.7(PO4)0.3 (II).
Authors: Berrocal Teresa , Mesa Jose L. , Pizarro Jose L. , Bazan Begona , Lezama Luis , Arriortua Maria I. , Rojo Teofilo
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New NZP‐Phosphates B0.5FeTa(PO4)3 (where B: Ca, Sr, Ba). Synthesis, Crystallochemical Investigation and Thermal Expansion.
Authors: Bortsova Ye. V. , Koryttseva A. K. , Orlova A. I. , Kurazhkovskaya V. S. , Kazantsev G. N. , Samoilov S. G. , Karuchkina Ye. A.
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum‐Germanium Ordering in the Germanides REPtGe with the Heavy Rare Earth Elements.
Authors: Rodewald Ute Ch. , Heying Birgit , Hoffmann Rolf‐Dieter , Niepmann Dirk , Poettgen Rainer
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum‐Catalyzed Reductive Aldol and Michael Reactions.
Authors: Lee Harim , Jang Min‐Soo , Song Young‐Jin , Jang Hye‐Young
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Reductive Cleavage of Carbon—Cyano Bonds with Hydrosilane: A Catalytic Protocol for Removal of Cyano Groups.
Authors: Tobisu Mamoru , Nakamura Ryo , Kita Yusuke , Chatani Naoto
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemo‐ and Regioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxycyclization Reactions of Allendiols: Preparation of Five‐, Six‐, and Eight‐Membered Cycles.
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Carrascosa Rocio , Martinez del Campo Teresa
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydroarylations of ω‐Aryloxy‐ and Arylamino‐Tethered α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes.
Authors: Lu Hai‐Hua , Liu Hui , Wu Wei , Wang Xu‐Fan , Lu Liang‐Qiu , Xiao Wen‐Jing
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization Reactions of 1‐Amino‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐thienyl‐1‐azapenta‐1,4‐dien‐3‐ones under Superelectrophilic Conditions: Synthesis of Novel Benzothiophenols, Cyclopentenols and Dihydrodiazepinols.
Authors: Ghavtadze Nugzar , Froehlich Roland , Wuerthwein Ernst‐Ulrich
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogenation of C—C Multiple Bonds Mediated by [Pd(NHC)(PCy3)] (NHC = N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) under Mild Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Jurcik Vaclav , Nolan Steven P. , Cazin Catherine S. J.
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dehalogenation and Barbier‐Type Hydroxyalkylation of π‐Deficient Haloheterocycles Using Indium.
Authors: Fukuda Eri , Takahashi Yukiko , Hirasawa Natsumi , Sugimoto Osamu , Tanji Ken‐ichi
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ti‐Catalyzed Barbier‐Type Allylations and Related Reactions.
Authors: Cuerva Juan M. , et al. et al.
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Activity of Binuclear Ru‐Complexes in Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Chen Shu‐Wei , Kim Ju Hyun , Lee Sang‐gi
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Oxidative Esterification of Aldehydes.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Darcel Christophe
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Monoalkylation of 1,2‐Diols.
Authors: Maki Toshihide , Ushijima Nobuto , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Onomura Osamu
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols via Lewis Acid Assisted Enantioselective Desymmetrization.
Authors: Yu Bing , Menard Frederic , Isono Naohiro , Lautens Mark
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐Covalent Immobilization of Chiral (Salen) Complexes on HF‐Treated Mesoporous MFI‐Type Zeolite for Asymmetric Catalysis.
Authors: Lee Kwang‐Yeon , Lee Choong‐Young , Kim Geon‐Joong
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ethyl Lactate as a Tunable Solvent for the Synthesis of Aryl Aldimines.
Authors: Bennett Jacqueline S. , Charles Kaitlyn L. , Miner Matthew R. , Heuberger Caitlin F. , Spina Elijah J. , Bartels Michael F. , Foreman Taylor
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivities of Mixed Organozinc and Mixed Organocopper Reagents. Part 2. Selective n‐Alkyl Transfer in Tri‐n‐butylphosphine‐Catalyzed Acylation of n‐Alkyl Phenylzincs; an Atom Economic Synthesis of n‐Alkyl Aryl Ketones.
Authors: Erdik Ender , Pekel Oezgen Oemuer
Published: June 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.