bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures
Authors: Cavanna Andrea E.
Published: May 2023

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures have been documented, if not recognized, for over 2000 years. Conventionally, the term hysteria has been used successfully used to describe patients with nonorganic or medically unexplained convulsions. Therefore, the history of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures is closely woven within the texture of hysteria. It is possible to identify a progressive shift from the ancient concept of a female malady caused by an allegedly wandering womb to a neurological disorder that dominated the clinical practice of Victorian physicians in England and, most importantly, Charcot's school in France. Freud's contribution was essential to the development of individualized etiological models within the psychological framework. Over time, causation shifted away from the uterus to the brain, and then to the mind, but was never fully elucidated. The paradigm shift that led from psychodynamic psychiatry to biological psychiatry was accompanied by the operationalization of diagnostic criteria. Historical developments were also mirrored by changes in the terminology, which have led to the recent dismissal of the term hysteria, among a few other medical labels. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures are currently categorized as functional neurological symptoms, and remain a mysterious, although relatively common, neuropsychiatric condition at the borderlands between epileptology and psychiatry.
Extra pulmonary boosting in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Abumossalam Ahmed M. , Sheta Amr F. , Ahmed Sahar E. , Elhalaby Dalia A. , Moawad Amro A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Promotion of central control of respiration might contribute in minimization of chronic obstructive lung disease disability.

Objectives

Our study was done to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation of piracetam tablets in low dose (400 mg twice daily) versus high dose (1200 mg twice daily) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease grade IV with type II respiratory failure, on respiratory parameters (spirometric, respiratory muscle strength, and diaphragmatic echographic measurements; velocity and excursion), in addition to neuropsychiatric parameters (cognitive functions and brain changes with MRI).

Patients and methods

This randomized controlled study was conducted on 126 patients who were subjected to oral piracetam and classified into group A (42 patients received 800 mg daily for 3 months), group B (44 patients received 2400 mg daily for 3 months) for 3 months, and group C (40 patients) as a control group. Pulmonary evaluation, by spirometry and respiratory muscle study by Pimax, Pemax, Sniff test, and diaphragmatic echography, was conducted in addition to neuropsychiatric evaluation by Alzheimer disease 8 cognitive score assessment and brain MRI.

Results

Total pulmonary fractional functional progress of piracetam was higher in group B (28.12%) than group A (23.27%) and the control group (5.68%). On the contrary, neuropsychiatric fractional functional progress was higher in group B (29.11%) than group A (15.7%), and lastly, the control group (<1%).

Conclusion

Oral piracetam demonstrated enhanced spirometric parameters and improved cognition with low dose, but with high dose, it enhanced both spirometric and respiratory muscle strength and cognitive parameters with brain MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient changes.
Epidemiology and outcome of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Upper Egypt
Authors: Farghaly Shereen , El-Abdeen Ashraf Zin , Shaaban Lamiaa H. , Mahmoud Abelmalek
Published: May 2023

Context

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a worldwide health problem. Its presence generally reflects poor tuberculosis control. Adequate knowledge about social and epidemiological factors and their interaction is required for its control.

Aims

To describe incidence, demographic data, and risk factors of DR-TB in Upper Egypt and to determine its outcome.

Patients and methods

A total of 186 patients suspected to have tuberculosis either pulmonary or extrapulmonary were screened for tuberculosis. All patients were subjected to full history, direct Smear by Ziehl–Neelsen stain, Xpert MTB/RIF assay, and Lowenstein–Jensen culture (as the gold standard). Patients were classified into non-drug-resistant group (non-DR-TB) and rifampicin-resistant group (TB-RR).

Results

Of the included TB cases, the incidence of DR-TB was 10.2% (nine cases). Approximately 66% of TB-RR cases were between 19 and 48 years old. Overall, 55.6% of them were males. TB-RR was found more in rural areas and less in educated cases compared with non-DR-TB. TB-RR was also common in farmers, housewives, and smokers. Overall, 33.3% of TB-RR cases were detected after failure category 1 and 33.3% were detected after failure category 2, whereas only one case was new. Mortality rate in TB-RR was 22.2%.

Conclusion

In Upper Egypt, TB-RR is common in middle age males, noneducated persons, and in rural areas. TB-RR is more common in patients with a previous history of treatment. Treatment outcome of DR-TB is good comparable to previous studies.
Baseline and follow-up serum ferritin level as a prognostic factor in coronavirus disease 2019-infected patients
Authors: Mousa Mohamed S. , Elshazly Mostafa , Ismail Mohamed S. , Hasswa Mohamed K. , Ali Ahmed R. , El Salam Mohamed A.A.
Published: May 2023

Objective

In the past few months, WHO declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 as a major pandemic, with increasing number of discovered cases and mortalities in all countries. Up till now, there are a lot of controversial data on its pathogenesis, possible complications, prognostic factors, and available preventive and/or therapeutic options. A series of fast growing research studies are being conducted aiming at studying prognostic criteria that may predict the disease severity and possible outcomes and hence plan of management either home or hospital management.

Patients and methods

Our cohort study included 73 COVID-19-confirmed positive cases by nasopharyngeal swab/reverse transcriptase PCR to evaluate correlation between serum ferritin levels (baseline and follow-up samples at day 7), as well as C-reactive protein levels and severity of clinical presentation of COVID-19-infected patients.

Results

Our results have demonstrated a statistically significant difference between mild (n=40) and moderate cases (n=33) regarding baseline ferritin level (P=0.00); however; no significant difference was detected among ferritin changes during the course of the disease (P=0.744), and also, no statistically significant difference in ferritin changes was found among mild and moderate severity groups (P=0.942). Finally, the only significant predictors of clinical severity were baseline ferritin and C-reactive protein levels according to multivariate analysis model (P=0.014 and =0.000, respectively).

Conclusions

The current study added further evidence to suggest baseline serum ferritin as an index of severity in COVID-19 and could have a prognostic effect; however, we cannot rely on follow-up serum ferritin during treatment and the course of the disease to predict outcome of the disease, and it may be misleading.
Tuberculosis in patients with underlying thalassemia
Authors: Sriwijitalai Won , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: May 2023

Background

Tuberculosis is a common medical problem in the present day. The occurrence of this infection among the patients with congenital underlying disease is very interesting. Here, the authors study on the common pathways regarding the antioxidative process of tuberculosis and thalassemia, a congenic hemoglobin disorder.

Materials and methods

This work is a bioinformatics expressional analysis. The authors performed common pathway analysis and interrelationship identification for expressional pathways regarding antioxidative process of tuberculosis and thalassemia.

Results

The common pathway via glutathione can be shown and imply the increased risk for tuberculosis among the patients with underlying thalassemia.

Conclusion

Based on identified common antioxidative pathway, patients with thalassemia might be prone to acquire tuberculosis infection.
Incidence of respiratory complications in obese adult patients after cardiac surgeries
Authors: El Assal Mohamed A. , Essawy Tarek S. , El Gazar Mohamed A. , Rezk Moataz E. , Hani Basma M. , Ghabn Hossiny E.
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Patients experience multiple alterations in respiratory function physiology and mechanics owing to intubation, mechanical ventilation, and cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery and during getting off cardiopulmonary bypass. Obesity is one of the growing epidemic problems, with increased cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in the USA. The WHO in 2010 assigned Egypt as one of African countries where obesity problem is prevalent, as 70% of its population are obese, the authors investigated the hypothesis that obese patients are more liable to respiratory complication after cardiac surgery.

Patients and methods

This cohort observational study was done on 50 patients admitted to the postoperative critical care unit, who were classified according to BMI into two groups. Group 1 included nonobese patients with BMI 18–25, and group 2 included obese patients with BMI more than 30.

Results

The authors found that there was a highly statistically significant difference between both groups regarding weight and BMI (P<0.001). There is a highly statistically significant difference between the two studied groups regarding pH, PCO2, total leukocyte count, and occurrence of chest infection (P<0.001). There were no significant statistical differences between both groups regarding PO2 parameter and occurrence of other pulmonary complications.

Conclusion

The authors conclude that there is a highly statistically significant strong positive association between BMI and chest infection, where the risk of chest infection increases with increase in BMI.
Identification and evaluation of Calotropis procera phytocompounds against novel protein PE_PGRS 16 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv
Authors: Beg Md Amjad , Athar Fareeda
Published: May 2023

The authors are currently dealing with the highest incidence of tuberculosis, where every third person in the world is experiencing the latent condition of the disease. The affected ratio is not limited to any age group, and therefore, the development of new drug or vaccine is the need of the hour. The use of medicinal plants in curing disease is a novel and significant area of interest. The PE_PGRS 16 has putative aspartic proteinase domain, which reveals the characteristic of pepsin-fold and is recognized as a surface antigen; therefore, it would be an important target for drug design. The structure of PE_PGRS 16 was obtained from PDB databank and the phytocompounds of Calotropis procera were obtained from gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. PyRx tool and AutoDock Vina were used to prepared dock file and docking analysis, respectively. The compounds were selected based on docking score, and selected compounds were further checked by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties to conclude a list of safe and effective drugs. Visualization and analysis of interaction was done by Discovery Studio Visualizer. Screened phytocompounds against the PE_PGRS 16 accurately fitted within the active sites. The structural analysis suggested the binding to residues Asp46, Thr47, and Gly48 short sequence motif D(T/S)G 1, Asp199, Ser200, and Gly201 D(T/S)G 2 with the compound. These residues are important for protein activity, and therefore, drug binding at these residues may hamper protein’s activity. l-rhamnose and ferulic acid closely interacted with active site residue of PE_PGRS 16, and therefore, it is hypothesized that these compounds are the putative target of the protein activity, which enhance bacterial pathogenesis and survival.
Epidemiological, clinical and radiological patterns of interstitial lung diseases at cardiothoracic Minia University Hospital
Authors: Said Azza F. , Abdel-Kader Basma M. , Abu-Samra Manal F. , Saeed Zainab H. , Abdel-Kader Moustafa , Kasem Ahmed H.
Published: May 2023

Background

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) have undergone significant evolution in recent years. Clinical epidemiological data on ILDs from Egypt are limited. We performed this research to assess the epidemiological, clinical, and radiological patterns of ILDs at a single center for 1-year duration.

Patients and methods

An observational cohort study was performed on 100 patients of ILDs. Patients’ demographic, clinical examination, spirometry, 6-min walk test, collagen profile, and high-resolution computed tomography of the chest data were collected.

Results

A total of 100 patients with ILDs were studied, and 77 of them were females. The mean age of the patients was 48 years, 88% of them from rural areas, and ∼50% of them were housewives with significant exposure to bird breeding. The distribution of ILD cases was hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) (51%) followed by idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (26%), unclassifiable ILD (13%), and lastly, connective tissue disease associated with ILD (10%). Most of the clinical features had nearly an equal distribution among the different types of ILDs (P>0.05). Regarding radiological pattern on high-resolution computed tomography chest, it was found that ground-glass opacity was the only pattern that had a significant occurrence in patients with HP than other subtypes.

Conclusion

Approximately half of the studied patients had HP, so attention to those exposed patients is an important element for early diagnosis of HP as the most common subtype of ILD.
Effect of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on exhaled nitric oxide and C-reactive protein as markers of inflammation in Egyptian patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: El Wassefy Mona , Sabry Mariam , Rlshafey Mohsen , Hamad Ahmed M. , Suliman Lucy A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with the respiratory tract inflammation. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) are indicators of airway and systemic inflammation. Few revisions have explored the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on both indicators in OSAS.

Purpose

To study the influence of CPAP therapy on exhaled NO and Hs-CRP in OSAS.

Patients and methods

This is a case–control study that included 27 participants with OSAS and 10 controls enlisted from a sleep outpatient clinic. Full-night polysomnography was performed, and the next morning, FeNO and Hs-CRP were evaluated. CPAP for patients with moderate to severe OSA was advised with measurement of FeNO and Hs-CRP after 3 months of CPAP.

Results

Both FeNO and Hs-CRP in patients with OSA were statistically significantly increased against the control group. However, after 3 months of CPAP therapy, there was a statistically significant decrease in both FeNO and Hs-CRP.

Conclusion

Upper airway and systemic inflammation are extant in OSAS, reinforced by increases in both FeNO and CRP, and CPAP therapy diminishes FeNO levels in patients with OSA.
Changing the airway pH
Authors: Rezk Nasef Abd-Elsalam , Alshamy Ahmed , Shehta Mohamed , Morsy Nesreen Elsyed , Alnahas Mohamed
Published: May 2023

Background

Although airway hyperacidity may have a great effect in the pathogenesis of asthma, its evaluation may be difficult. This study was conducted at Mansoura University Hospitals aiming to evaluate the degree of asthma control by increasing pH in uncontrolled asthma cases by the use of inhaled NaHCO3 8.4% for 3 months.

Patients and methods

A total of 100 patients with asthma were included, and they were divided by simple randomization to 75 patients in study group and 25 controls. All participants were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, sputum cell count and pH assessment, PFT, high-resolution computed tomography, and sputum induction and NaHCO3 8.4% inhalation. Evaluation of asthma exacerbation 6 months before and after intervention was carried out.

Results

There was no significant difference between study and control groups regarding demographic data, all basic investigations, pulmonary function, or sputum total and differential cells. We found a significant increase of sputum pH after treatment in the study group. Furthermore, significant improvement of forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, four parameters of control assessment, and exacerbation also was seen in the study group after treatment. There was a significant decrease of total cells and eosinophils in sputum in the study group. The linear regression model showed a significant negative correlation for all the studied factors except short-acting beta 2 (SABA) and day symptom improvement.

Conclusion

We conclude that the decrease of airway acidity by NaHCO3 8.4% leads to significant decrease in inflammatory cells and frequency of exacerbation and improves pulmonary function in poorly controlled bronchial asthma.
Indian Community's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward COVID-19
Authors: Tomar Balvir Singh , Singh Pratima , Nathiya Deepak , Suman Supriya , Raj Preeti , Tripathi Sandeep , Chauhan Dushyant Singh
Published: May 2023

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused unprecedented human health consequences. It is imperative to understand the society's awareness toward knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) level and the extent of measures required by health authorities.

Aims and Objective:

The aim of the study was to assess the KAP of the general public of India on COVID-19. In this study, a web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between March 10 and April 18, 2020. Materials and Method: A 19-item questionnaire was generated using Google Forms and distributed through social media networks via snowball sampling technique. The Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data, and multiple linear regression was used to identify factors influencing KAP. Result: Among 7978 participants, the overall KAP score was 80.64%, 97.33%, and 93.8%, respectively. In multiple linear regression analysis, male gender (β = 0.036: P < 0.001), urban population (β = 0.006: P < 0.002), higher education (β = 0.029: P < 0.001), and higher occupation (β = 0.002: P = 0.05) were associated significantly with high knowledge score. There was a positive significant correlation between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice.

Conclusion:

The KAP level among the general public was adequate, however there is a necessity to target specific category population with tailored health education program to ameliorate the level of knowledge and attitude. knowledge and attitude.
Assessing the Quality of Life Among Nonfatal Road Traffic Accident Victims by using WHO-QOL-BREF
Authors: Mishra Suchismita , Babu Bontha V , Marimuthu Palaniappan
Published: May 2023

Background/Objectives:

Road traffic accident affects people more in terms of disability with prolonged treatment than premature death. More people suffer from nonfatal injuries, with many incurring a disability as a result of their injury. The study aims to report the quality of life among nonfatal road traffic accident victims of Karnataka state, India.

Methodology:

Consecutive data of 6 years (2013–2018) on road traffic injuries of the state of Karnataka were collected from the States Crimes Records Bureau of Karnataka. The contact details of victims categorized as nonfatal were traced out. Finally, 286 nonfatal cases were selected as respondents. Data were collected using WHO-QOL-BREF questionnaire to measure the quality of life.

Results:

The better quality of life in all the four domains, that is, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental health, was found among the less injured category of victims. There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) among the different categories of accidents as well as the types of postaccident occupation of the respondents for all the four domains. A significant variation was found across different age groups for the physical health domain. Respondents of below 18 years were found with the better mean score for all the domains. Similar differences are observed for education for all the domains, except the social relation domain. The Mann–Whitney U-test revealed a significant difference between those who received the compensation and those who did not receive the compensation for the psychological domain.

Conclusions:

The study warrants policy-related measures with ease of compensation procedures by simplifying the insurance processes and counseling. Indeed, rehabilitation measures need to be taken seriously by the government as the support system is vital for the improvement for quality of life among road traffic accident victims.
Basic Functioning and Resilience in Families of Adolescents with Intellectual Disability and Psychosis
Authors: Chandra Manisha , Bhattacharjee Dipanjan , Das Basudeb , Pachori Hariom
Published: May 2023

Background:

Family functions and resilience (hardiness) are two important aspects of families for keeping them stable. How those two aspects are present and operate in families having adolescents with mental retardation and psychosis is the aim of this study.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 45 adolescents (comprising 15 intellectually disabled adolescents, 15 adolescents with psychosis [schizophrenia and bipolar disorder], and 15 normal adolescents) and one of the key relatives of each adolescent were selected purposively. One key caregiver of each adolescent in all the three groups was selected, and the McMaster Family Assessment Device and the Family Hardiness Index were applied on them to collect data on family functioning and hardiness.

Results:

Families of the first two groups have reported problems in family functions. No difference could be seen in the family resilience among these three groups of families.

Conclusion:

Families with mentally retarded and psychotic adolescents have family problems; however, both the families show resilience against the stress of having mentally retarded or psychotic adolescents.
Coping Styles in Parents of Children with Thalassemia in West Bengal
Authors: Biswas Daliya , Lo Sourav , Sarkar Aditya Prasad , Mondal Tanushree , Haldar Dibakar , Saha Indrajit
Published: May 2023

Background:

Thalassemia is stress inducing, and the parents of the affected child develop a variety of coping strategies in response to that stress.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to find coping styles adopted by parents of thalassemic children and to identify factors associated with their coping.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2016–2017 involving 96 randomly selected parents of thalassemic children attending the Thalassemia Clinic of Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital. Data were collected via interview using predesigned questionnaire and Brief-COPE inventory. Analyses were done estimating mean and proportion and using Pearson correlation coefficient (r), unpaired t-test, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regressions.

Results:

Two third of participants were mothers (66.7%) accompanying thalassemic children. Majority of them were aged within 21–30 years (55.2%), Hindu (84.4%), rural inhabitants (96.9%) and belonged to backward class (60.4%). Majority (72.9%) were from joint family of lower socioeconomic strata (94.8%). The age of thalassemic children was 80.47 ± 42.49 (mean±sd) months. Most of them were male (53.1%). Majority of thalassemic children was born in first birth order (63.0%) and diagnosed before attaining first birthday (71.0%). More than 60% of the participants were using acceptance coping “a lot.” The most commonly used coping strategies were active coping, acceptance, planning, and religion. In multivariable analyses, overall coping was found to increase by 0.331 on every unit decrease of age at diagnosis of thalassemia of children and to decrease by 0.116 unit on every unit increase of age of respondents.

Conclusion:

Acceptance coping was used effectively rather than behavioral disengagement, which suggests that a positive attitude toward stress is present but needs to be better handled. Counseling and psychotherapy for parents of thalassemic children can be provided through an intervention program.
Combined intralesional platelet-rich plasma and intralesional steroid versus intralesional steroid alone in the treatment of alopecia areata
Authors: Hamza Ashraf , Elsayed Asmaa , Abdel-Bary Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Background

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a promising treatment method of alopecia, but there is a debate about its role in the treatment of alopecia areata. Intralesional steroid is the first-line treatment option for patchy alopecia areata. Combination therapy represents an option for increasing the efficacy of the different lines of treatment.

Objective

To compare the therapeutic efficacy of traditional treatment of alopecia areata with intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide versus combination therapy with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide and intralesional PRP alternatively.

Patients and methods

In this comparative randomized single-blinded study, 30 patients with two nonadjacent patches of alopecia areata were included. One patch was treated with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alone (group I) every 4 weeks for 3 months, and the other patch was treated with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alternating with intralesional PRP (group II) every 2 weeks for 3 months. Evaluation was done by MacDonald Hull and Norris grading and dermoscopy.

Results

A significant increase in the mean grading score was noted before each intralesional steroid injection session in both groups. However, group II patches treated with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alternating with intralesional PRP showed significantly higher mean grading score as compared with group I patches treated with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alone. The dermoscopic features of alopecia areata significantly decrease or disappear at the end of treatment sessions in both groups.

Conclusion

Combined use of intralesional steroid and intralesional PRP in the treatment of alopecia areata yields better results than using intralesional steroid alone and could be considered as a more effective line of treatment. However, further research studies are needed to determine the optimal dose, intervals, and duration of treatment.
Recurrent cauliflower-like vulva edema in two consecutive pregnancies
Authors: Chehad Ahmed S. , Boutrid Nada , Rahmoune Hakim
Published: May 2023

Vulvar edema (VE) is a rare condition that may occur in either pregnant or nonpregnant women. A methodical approach through historical and physical examination is fundamental to diagnose the underlying etiology, but some patients may require further biological and radiological assessments. Recurrence of VE in successive pregnancies is a peculiar condition and has not yet been described in the literature. We report a case of an isolated VE reoccurring in two successive pregnancies with a particular cauliflower-like appearance.
Methods of measuring distal canine movement and rotation- A review
Authors: Nahidh Mohammed , Yassir Yassir A.
Published: May 2023

This article provides an overview of the various methods for measuring distal canine movement and rotation during retraction. Various databases, including PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, the Cochrane Library, Textbooks, Google Scholar, and Research Gate, and a manual search up until September 2022, were used to search for various methods of measuring distal canine movement and rotation during retraction. After excluding the duplicate articles, the papers explaining these techniques were included. Four significant techniques were identified. The digital method with 3D superimposition is the safest, most accurate, and most accessible of the methods reviewed.
Comparison of the Dosimetric Benefits of Two Different Three-dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy Treatment Approaches for Postmastectomy Radiotherapy
Authors: Makkapati Bharat , Lobo Dilson , Krishna Abhishek , Athiyamaan M. S. , Banerjee Sourjya , Srinivas Challapalli , Sunny Johan
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in urban areas in India, which is treated with external beam radiotherapy as a part of a multimodality treatment approach. Delivering external beam radiation therapy to the chest wall and nodal basins is challenging because of the anatomical morphology of the chest wall as well as the near proximity of critical structures. In the current study, we aim to compare the dose volumetric histograms of different organs at risk (OAR) and target volume in carcinoma breast patients whose supraclavicular field is included for radiation therapy using two different three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) techniques.

Materials and Methods:

All patients received a prescribed dose of 50 Gy to the postmastectomy chest wall and nodal basins in 25 fractions. Patients underwent standard computed tomography simulation at 3.5 mm slice spacing, in the supine position. Then, patient clinical target volume (CTV) was created using GEC-ESTRO guidelines, and planning target volume was created with an institution-specific margin around CTV. OAR parameters assessed using dose-volume histograms obtained using treatment planning techniques are compared in terms of the ipsilateral lung (V 5, V 10, V 20, V 30, and mean dose), contralateral lung (V 5, V 10, V 20, V 30, and mean dose), heart (V 5, V 25, max, mean, and minimum dose), esophagus (V 35, V 50, and mean dose), contralateral breast (V 5, D 5, minimum, maximum, and mean dose), and spinal cord doses (maximum dose).

Results:

Technique 1 and Technique 2 3D-CRT treatment plans were clinically comparable for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). Technique 1 plans showed significantly better dose coverage and minimum dose to the spinal cord. On the other hand, Technique 2 plans showed significantly better sparing of normal tissues.

Conclusion:

The choice of radiotherapy technique in PMRT is a very important factor in the protection of neighboring normal structures and the identification of associated risks. Technique 1 can provide significantly superior dose coverage and minimum dose to the spinal cord, whereas Technique 2 offers better sparing of normal tissues.
The human right to energy: drawing lessons from the development of the human right to water
Authors: Quintavalla Alberto , Kienzl Franz , Samkharadze Irakli
Published: May 2023

This article addresses the discourse on the prospective human right to energy and assesses challenges to its full recognition, drawing on an analogy to the human right to water. Initially, we offer a bird’s eye view of the normative framework that governs the human right to energy by discussing its development. Our discussion is based on the issue of energy access, and is supported by the concepts of sustainable development and energy justice. Subsequently, we argue that the intractability of the challenges associated with the recognition of a right to energy are more apparent than real. Finally, to facilitate the recognition of the human right to energy, we suggest making the inherent link between energy services and human dignity more explicit.
Posen, Hypen, Inszenieren
Authors: Paul Josephine
Published: May 2023

Menschen inszenieren sich auf immer wieder ähnliche Weise an bestimmten Orten der Welt. Bilder dieser Inszenierungen verbreiten sich rasant in Social Media und führen zu regelrechten Hypes um diese Socially Hyped Locations. In die dabei stattfindenden Konstruktionsprozesse sind unter anderem Schülerinnen und Schüler eingebunden. Dieses Buch richtet sich daher an Lehrkräfte, welche sich auf eine theoretische Reise durch das Phänomen einlassen wollen und einige anregende Unterrichtsbausteine an die Hand bekommen möchten, um das Phänomen möglichst anregend für den eigenen Unterricht umzusetzen.
O mercado de terras no estado do Ceará: uma abordagem a partir das informações do INCRA
Authors: Cruz Marcos Paulo Mesquita da , Lima Filipe Augusto Xavier
Published: May 2023

Este artigo aborda a metodologia utilizada pelo Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (Incra) para registrar a dinâmica do mercado de terras no país, e tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as variáveis que são mais utilizadas em estudos de preço e mercado de terras, tomando como referência a experiência do estado do Ceará, na região Nordeste do Brasil. No estudo, foram utilizados dados do Relatório de Análise de Mercados de Terras (RAMT), relativos ao ano de publicação de 2017, juntamente com as técnicas estatísticas de análise fatorial e análise de clusters. O procedimento do cálculo de preço de terras se deu a partir dos valores das propriedades em função das áreas dos estabelecimentos, conforme cada localidade. Nos resultados do trabalho, foi possível perceber de que forma as variáveis analisadas se correlacionam entre si para a formação do mercado de terras e o grau de compatibilidade (cluster) entre os municípios do Ceará.
Suffixation Rules of Manipuri Verbs in English to Manipuri Machine Translation
Authors: DEVI MAYANGLAMBAM PREMI , SINGH IRENGBAM TILOKCHAN , DEVI HAOBAM MAMATA
Published: May 2023

The suffixation of verbs plays an important role in the formation of a meaningful sentence in Manipuri language. All the verbs in Manipuri are bound roots. So, there is always a suffix at the verb in Manipuri sentences. In English language, the tense of a sentence is determined from the verb but in Manipuri language, the tense of a sentence is determined from the suffix(es) associated with the verb. English to Manipuri Machine Translation (EMMT) is a rule-based automatic translation system. In EMMT, the suffixation rules of Manipuri verbs are essential for the derivation of an appropriate suffix(es) of the translated verb in Manipuri from the input English sentence. In this MT, suffixation rules are proposed to use in the post-processing module as a new approach. This paper presents the process of EMMT, different suffixation rules of Manipuri verbs and implementation in EMMT according to the types of tense in English.
El mito y la mirada despreciativa del hombre hacia la mujer: caso de la Malinche en El laberinto de la soledad de Octavio Paz y Maïé o Zékia en Maïéto pour zékia de Joachim Dali
Authors: N'drin Ozoukouo Léa
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo, por medio del método analítico-crítico y el comparatismo, es contribuir a mostrar a partir del mito de la Malinche en el laberinto de la soledad de Octavio Paz y Maïé o zékia en Maïéto pour Zékia de Joachim Dali, que, si la mujer está vista de forma negativa y despreciativa por la mayoría de los hombres, es por pura estrategia del hombre para protegerse de la dominación femenina. Y sobre todo porque tienen miedo a ella. Razón por la cual quiere siempre mantenerla bajo su autoridad y control. De hecho, soporta mal el hecho de que la mujer desempeñe los mismos roles que ellos, es decir, ser líder, tomar decisiones por sí misma, e incluso buscar su autonomía y elegir lo que le conviene a ella.
Los Juegos Cooperativos y su Influencia en el Autoconcepto Físico en Estudiantes de Básica Superior
Authors: Yugsi Pimbo Edisson Gonzalo , Jarrin Navas Santiago Alejandro , Astudillo Astudillo Ximena Alexandra
Published: May 2023

La investigación tiene como intención analizar una unidad didáctica de juegos cooperativos y su incidencia en el autoconcepto físico en estudiantes de 8vo, 9no, 10mo año de Educación General Básica Superior, durante las clases de Educación Física. Los involucrados fueron 112 estudiantes entre edades de 12 a 15 años, tanto sexo masculino como femenino. Se empleó un diseño de cuasi experimental pre-post test en un grupo de control y grupo experimental. Los mismos quedaron conformados por 52 y 60 estudiantes respectivamente. Se aplicó un cuestionario de autoconcepto físico de Fox & Corbin con 4 escalas de Likert, los resultados fueron analizados en el SPSS. Luego de los respectivos análisis se pudo observar efectos positivos en las cinco dimensiones CF= Condición física, AF= Apariencia Física, CP= Competencia percibida, FZA= Fuerza, AUT= Autoestima. Estos resultados proponen que se aplique un manual o programas sobre metodologías de juegos cooperativos, este programa influirá de forma positiva en el autoconcepto físico de los estudiantes durante las clases de Educación Física.
Lúpus: controvérsias e educação para médicos de atenção primária
Authors: Fajardo Estefanía
Published: May 2023

O GLADEL, Grupo Latino-Americano de Estudos do Lúpus, organiza duas sessões no Congresso PANLAR 2021.
Covid e long covid, na busca de respostas
Authors: Aguirre Richard
Published: May 2023

Haverá um tour pelos tipos de vacinas e os efeitos do covid-19 em pacientes reumatológicos.
Podcasts diários para manter o PANLAR 2021 à mão
Authors: Aguirre Richard
Published: May 2023

Este será um resumo diário dos trabalhos do dia, com destaques do Congresso e discussão do que foi apresentado e do que acontecerá no dia seguinte. Será transmitido ao vivo todos os dias no final do dia: 18h00, horário de Miami, 19h00, horário da Colômbia e do México, 21h00, horário da Argentina.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SUB SEKTOR OTOMOTIF YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Sianipar Plorentina , Lase Ernawati , Sitompul Johari
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh struktur modal dan ukuran perusahan terhdap kinerja perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor otomotif yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor otomotif dan sudah terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dari populasi sebanyak 15 perusahaan diperoleh 6 perusahaan manufaktur yang memenuhi kriteria sampel dalam penelitian ini. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan, dimana data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, metode deskriptif dan analisi regresi linear berganda, serta pengujian hipotesis berupa uji kkoefisien determinasi, uji parsial (T) dan Uji simultan (F). Hasil uji penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa variabel struktur modal tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan nilai thitung<ttabel (-2,084 <2,131) dan uji t signifikan 0,788>0,05, ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan nilai thitung<ttabel (-0,368<2,051) dengan tingkat signifikan 0,055>0,05. Dan hasil penelitian secara simultan menunjukkan tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan nilai fhitung<ftabel (2,193<4,75) dan uji F signifikan (0,146>0,05). Nilai koefisien korelasi R adalah sebesar -0,048 menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antar variabel struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan adalah berpengaruh negatif.
PENGARUH ARUS KAS OPERASI DAN LABA AKUNTANSI TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ- 45 DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2018-2020
Authors: Halawa Ediman Imani Hati , Halawa Derima , Harianja Hotriado
Published: May 2023

Pentingnya Return saham bagi para investor karena merupakan salah satu faktor yang memotivasi investor untuk berinvestasi dan merupakan bentuk imbalan dan keberanian investor dalam mengambil resiko, Perhatian utama para investor dalam suatu perusahaan adalah menganalisis laporan keuangan terutama pada laba akuntansi dan arus kas operasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Arus Kas Operasi dan Laba Akuntansi terhadap Return saham pada perusahaan LQ-45 periode 2018-2020dengan menggunakan  data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan dalam Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) atau www.idx.co.id. pengambilan sampel dengan tehnik Purpusive Sampling,dari  45 perusahaan populasi maka  diperoleh 23 sampel penelitian. Menganalisis data  menggunakan   statistik deskriptif, dan terlebih dahulu di uji dengan asumsi klasik, dan metode analisa yang dipergunakan adalah  regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan pengujian  t disimpulkan bahwa Arus kas operasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham dan Laba akuntansi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham. Sedangkan secara bersama-sama (uji F) peroleh bahwa Arus Kas Operasi dan Laba Akuntansi Berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return  saham.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN THOHAROH MENURUT SYECH MAHMUD AL-MISHRI DALAM KITAB ALFIQHUL MUYASSAR LILTIFLILMUSLIM
Authors: Hidayat Syarif , Handrianto Budi , Sastra Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam jurnal ini, adalah bagaimana konsep Pendidikan thoharoh menurut Syeikh Mahmud AlMisri dalam kitab Alfiqhul Muyassar Liltiflil Muslim?. tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mendeskripsikan konsep Pendidikan thoharoh menurut Syeikh Mahmud Al-Mishri dalam kitab Alfiqhul Muyassar Liltiflil Muslim. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian pustaka (library research) dimana penelitian ini menggunakan berbagai data-data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari teori konsep dan ide, oleh sebab itu data yang penulis sajikan sebagai bahan penelitian berasal dari sumber tertulis dengan mempelajarinya terlebih dahulu, menelaah, bahan-bahan literasi yang berhubungan dengan materi pembahasan. Metode pengambilan data peneliti menggunakan analisis isi, analisis deskriptif, dan analisis induktif untuk menarik kesimpulan dari penelitian ini. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan: “Konsep pendidikan thoharoh menurut Syeikh Mahmud Al-Mishri adalah kemampuan guru untuk mendidik dan membimbing peserta didiknya agar dapat lebih baik lagi dalam beribadah atau mendekatkan diri kepada Allah. Jadi pendapat penulis jika dipahami lebih mendalam perihal pendidikan thoharoh ini dapat membentuk generasi muda yang jauh lebih berproduktif karena mendapatkan pendidikan agama sejak dini. Thoharoh digunakan oleh Syeikh Mahmud Al-Mishri agar dapat memperoleh derajat ketakwaan kepada Allah sesuai yang tercantum di dalam kitab Alfiqhul Muyassar Liltiflil Muslim di terangkan bahwa agar memperoleh ketakwaan tersebut hendaklah melalui dua dasar jenjang dalam mensucikan diri baik yaitu thoharoh maknawiah ( batiniah ) dan thoharoh hasiyah ( dzohiroh ) diantaranya; mensucikan hati terlebih dahulu dengan membersihkan membersihkan hati dari syirik, maksiat, hasad, riya dan nifaq serta khobas ( najis ) dan hadas. dapat dilakukan dengan cara berwudhu, mandi, tayamum dan istinja‟.
APLIKASI PENILAIAN KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. FINANSIA MULTI FINANCE (KREDIT PLUS) BERBASIS WEBSITE DENGAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITVE WEIGHTING
Authors: Ocean Ananta Billy , Wibowo Ari Purno Wahyu
Published: May 2023

PT.Finance Multi Finance (Kredit Plus) adalah perusahaan yang bekerja finansial. Pada tahun 2016. PT. Finansia Multi Finance (Kredit Plus) mendapatkan prestasi sebagai Top Multi Finance 2016 on Asset Rp. 2-3 Triliun. Prestasi yang didapatkan tersebut tidak lepas dari kinerja karyawan yang baik dari PT. Finansia Multi Finance (Kredit Plus). Simple additive weighting (SAW) adalah metode evaluasi efektivitas keseluruhan dari setiap alternatif untuk semua atribut. Simple additive weighting (SAW) sering disebut sebagai metode weighted additive. Metode ini dipakai pada perhitungan waktu opsi yg dipilih memenuhi kriteria yg ditentukan. Metode SAW lebih efisien karena waktu komputasi lebih singkat (Ramadhan, 2014). Metode bobot aditif sederhana akan diterapkan dalam sebuah aplikasi penilaian kinerja karyawan dengan harap dapat memberikan kemudahan dalam melakukan penilaian kinerja. Aplikasi penilaian kinerja berbasis website sehingga dapat diakses dimanapun dan kapanpun. Menggunakan aplikasi evaluasi karyawan berbasis web yang menggunakan metode SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) untuk mengevaluasi kinerja karyawan agar organisasi dapat mengevaluasi karyawan.
Discourse Analysis at the Crossroads of Disciplines
Authors: Hernández Bayter Henry
Published: May 2023

The article serves as an introduction to the special issue of the journal touching upon discourse as an object of research with a focus on the notions of rhetoric and literature as an example of interdisciplinarity. The author provides a brief overview of the topics covered during the conference.
Implementasi Metode Geofence Pada Aplikasi Reminder Berbasis Android
Authors: Syaputri Elfany Rizqi , Samsudin Samsudin , Ikhwan Ali
Published: May 2023

The development and utilization of information technology is also used in a way that aims to increase the faith and piety of Muslims in this millennial era. In this digital era, many Muslims are starting to neglect to participate in majlis taklim activities. In this case, the use of the technology used is aimed at increasing the percentage of the majlis taklim congregation which is in the form of a reminder application. This majlis taklim reminder application is an application built using the geofencing method on Android. This application aims to provide reminders in the form of notifications of majlis taklim activities held to users and to make it easier for the majlis taklim committee to disseminate information on the majlis taklim activities that are held. The use of the geofencing method in question is a method used to provide a defined location boundary so as to provide a trigger in the form of a notification to users who are within the boundaries of the area. The notification received by the user is the location of the activity, so it is hoped that this majlis taklim reminder application can increase the percentage of majlis taklim congregations.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Pelajar SMK Terbaik Di Kota Medan Menggunakan Metode Weighted Sum Model
Authors: Irwansyah Rio , Mesran Mesran
Published: May 2023

Decision Support System (DSS) is a system that can assist leaders in making decisions that are accurate and targeted. Many problems that can be solved using SPK, from some of these problems one of which is the Decision Support System Selection of Vocational High School students in Medan. Of the many Vocational High Schools located in the city of Medan in the Education Office, it is certainly very difficult to find the best students from some Vocational High School. This is because every school must have its own advantages and advantages and this will make it difficult for the Education Office to determine the best Vocational High School students. From the problems encountered, the use of a Decision Support System is expected to be the right solution. Because there are several alternatives and criteria that can influence in generating a decision. There are several methods used in building DSS such as, WSM, AHP, TOPSIS, WP, SAW. In this research, the researcher uses the Weighted Sum Model (WSM) method which is believed to solve the problems faced by the Education Office in selecting the best Vocational High School students
Implementasi Virtual Tour Menggunakan Panoramic Sebagai Media Edukasi Dan Promosi Kampus
Authors: Salsabil Rahma Dipa , Samsudin Samsudin , Nasution Adnan Buyung
Published: May 2023

The State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UINSU) has four campuses spread across several places, one of which is the campus building IV of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra which is located on Jalan Lap.Golf, Kp. Central District, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency. There are still many people who don't know about the IV campus building and have never come in person because the UINSU IV campus building has just finished construction and is ready to be occupied in 2021, then the size of the IV UINSU campus can make people who have never come will feel confused about the location the building on campus IV UINSU. This research uses image stitching method to create a panoramic image of the campus building. Virtual tour application can help many people and candidate students and can help reduce confusion about the location of buildings for people who are coming to campus IV for the first time