bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diverse Value Chains, Pricing Strategies, and Price Information Sources of Selected Dried Fish Varieties in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickrama P. S. S. L. , Koralagama D. N. , Sandika A. L.
Published: March 2024

The dried fish industry is a diverse and dynamic sub-sector nurturing upon the fisheries sector yet mostly invisible and poorly documented. Hence, this study aims to identify the diverse value chains, roles, and main functions, different pricing strategies, and price information sources of sprats, skipjack tuna, and smoothbelly sardinella, which are the most consumed dried fish varieties in Sri Lanka irrespective of the income levels. Fifty dried fish processors were selected through a simple random sampling technique. Dried fish wholesalers (n=20) retailers (n=20), input suppliers (n=5), and dried fish consumers (n=40) were selected through convenient and snowball sampling techniques. The study was conducted in the Matara, Puttalam, and Jaffna districts representing major dried fish-producing towns from three provinces. Descriptive and inferential data analysis methods were applied such as Friedman test. Value chain (I) is the major chain for skipjack tuna and sprats indicating 37% and 30% respectively. Value chain (VI) is the major chain for smoothbelly sardinella indicating 38% out of total value chain. Cost plus (P<0.05, x̄>3.55) and competition (P<0.00, x̄>4.12) based pricing were the main pricing strategies adopted by each value chain actor. Price information is shared among each other through personal contacts intra region (P<0.05, x̄> 4.85) and inter region (P<0.05, x̄> 4.85). Therefore, cost plus and competitive based pricing strategies should be structured nationally.
Impact of Bank-Specific and Macroeconomic Factors on the Net Interest Margin of Financial Institutions in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasena D. M. , Samaranayake M. K. S. M. , Weerasinghe A. M.
Published: March 2024

Banks and other deposit-taking financial institutions play a crucial role in any country's economy. The Interest Spread and Net Interest Margin (NIM) in Sri Lankan financial institutions are considerably higher than in other regional countries, indicating high intermediation costs. This paper aims to identify the primary factors contributing to maintaining a higher margin in the sector. Credit risk, liquidity risk, firm size, operational expenses, and earning ability were considered as bank-specific explanatory variables, while interest rate, inflation rate, and economic growth rate were used as macroeconomic explanatory variables. The selected sample comprised seven Licensed Commercial Banks (LCBs), three Licensed Specialized Banks (LSBs), and five Licensed Finance Companies (LFCs) based on their total assets. Data were collected from published secondary sources over a period of 10 years (2009-2019). The data for 2020, 2021, and 2022 were omitted due to the negative impact of COVID-19 and the economic crisis in the country. Multiple regressions with a fixed-effect model were employed to identify significant variables. The results reveal that firm size, credit risk, interest rate, and economic growth are significant across the entire sample. However, firm size emerges as the only industry-specific significant variable in Licensed Finance Companies (LFCs).
Impact of Marketing Mix on Customer Satisfaction on Internet Service Providers of Sri Lanka under Post Covid-19 Pandemic Situation
Authors: Yapa Y. A. S. D. , Dissanayake D. M. T. D.
Published: March 2024

Marketing mix strategies remain a critical driver of customer satisfaction. The primary objective of this research was to assess how Marketing Mix strategies impact customer satisfaction among Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in Sri Lanka following the global COVID-19 pandemic. The target population was internet users in the Western province of the country. Due to time constrains and accessibility issues, a sample of 206 participants was drawn using convenience sampling technique for the survey. Primary data were collected through questionnaires, and the SPSS statistical software package was used for the analysis of the statistical data. The results revealed that all dimensions (Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, Physical evidence) of Marketing Mix strategies positively contributed to customer satisfaction, implying that Marketing Mix strategies initiatives increase levels of customer satisfaction. The study recommends that ISPs to maintain a well-balanced blend of Marketing Mix strategy components to achieve high customer satisfaction.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investments in Sri Lanka
Authors: Balthazaar Diyani
Published: March 2024

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has become an engine of growth and vital for economic development. Sri Lanka has also been entertaining FDI seeking acceleration of economic growth through various channels such as employment generation, poverty alleviation and creating foreign exchange. However, the factors that are likely influence the FDI inflow has been varied country to country in terms of their Institutional and socio-economic characteristics. Accordingly, this study investigates the determinants of FDI in Sri Lanka during the time period from 1990 to 2017, using annual time series data extracted from the World Bank, and Central Bank databases. We can choose the data reason of 1990 to 2017, that datas have stronger and stability to identify in the determinents in FDI. As determinants, the study incorporates six variables such as gross domestic product, inflation, trade openness, labor force and tourism income. The study employs ADF unit root test, Johansen’s Co integration analysis and Error correction model based on the Vector error correction model (VECM) to ascertain the significance of macroeconomic and country specific factors on FDI inflow in Sri Lanka. The results derived from this study suggest that all variables are significantly influencing on the FDI in the long run. Gross domestic product and labor force have positive impact, whereas inflation, trade openness, and tourism income are found to hurt FDI.
Unraveling the Link between Public Service Motivation and Job Performance: An Empirical Investigation in the Nigerian Public Service
Authors: Oladimeji Kazeem Adebayo , Abdulkareem Abdulrazaq Kayode
Published: March 2024

Given the endemic challenges of low productivity, corruption and weak service delivery facing public sector organizations in Nigeria, investigating drivers of performance is crucial for improving governmental effectiveness. This study explores the impact of Public Service Motivation (PSM) on the job performance of Nigerian federal civil servants, with job satisfaction and Person-Organization Fit (POF) as mediators. Using a questionnaire and data analysis with PLS-SEM, the study finds that PSM has a significant effect on job performance, partially mediated by job satisfaction and POF. The study also reveals that high levels of PSM and POF are necessary conditions for high job performance among public servants in Nigeria. The findings highlight the importance of increasing public servants’ PSM levels and promoting better alignment with their organizations to enhance job satisfaction, motivation, and performance.
Blood platelets, prostaglandins and aspirin: a historical and personal rereading
Authors: De Gaetano Giovanni , Cerletti Chiara
Published: March 2024

This historical and personal review mainly focuses on the contribution of our research group and other Italian Colleagues to the development of aspirin pharmacology and its clinical use as an antithrombotic drug, in the Sixties, Seventies and Eighties. The main lines of research that have been developed over the last three decades, both at the experimental and clinical level, are not the subject of the present review.
Effects of perioperative intravenous lidocaine and esketamine on the quality of recovery and emotional state of patients after thyroidectomy: A randomised, double-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Li Mengci , Yang Xiaoqian , Zhu Kairun , Shen Lulu , Xie Chenglan
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims:

Perioperative intravenous (IV) infusions of lidocaine and esketamine reduce postoperative pain, but there are few studies on the quality of recovery and patients’ emotional states postoperatively. We aimed to explore the effects of perioperative IV lidocaine and esketamine on the quality of recovery and emotional state after thyroidectomy.

Methods:

In this randomised trial, 137 patients undergoing thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to three groups: a lidocaine group (Group L), an esketamine group (Group E) and a normal saline placebo group (Group C). The primary outcome was the Quality of Recovery 40 (QoR-40) on postoperative days (PODs) 1 and 2. The secondary outcomes included Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores on days 1 and 2 after surgery, pain scores, opioid consumption and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests.

Results:

The global QoR-40 scores in groups L and E on POD 1 and POD 2 were significantly higher than in group C (P < 0.001). The SAS and SDS scores on POD 1 and POD 2 in groups L and E were significantly lower than in group C (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores among the three groups at 1 h, 2 h, 6 h and 12 h (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Perioperative IV lidocaine and esketamine improve the quality of postoperative recovery and the emotional state of patients undergoing thyroidectomy.
Use of navigation for anterior and posterior instrumentation in the surgical management of pediatric pathologic lumbosacral deformity
Authors: Keshavarzi Sassan , Spardy Jeffrey , Ramchandran Subaraman , George Stephen
Published: March 2024

We report the use of computerized tomography (CT)-guided navigation for complex spinal deformity correction (anterior and posterior) in an 8-year-old patient with neurofibromatosis complicated by dystrophic pedicles, dural ectasia, and extensive vertebral scalloping. A retrospective review was conducted of the patient’s medical records for the past 3 years, including the patient’s office visit notes, operative reports, pre- and 2-year postoperative imaging studies. The patient successfully underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion from L3–S1 using CT-guided navigation to negotiate the challenges posed by dural ectasia and vertebral body scalloping. One week after the anterior procedure, she underwent navigation-guided T10-to-pelvis posterior instrumented fusion. There were no perioperative or postoperative complications at 2 years. In patients with complex deformities of the spine, including dural ectasia, scalloped vertebral bodies, and decreased pedicle integrity, the use of intraoperative CT-guided navigation can benefit surgeons by facilitating the safe placement of interbody spacers and pedicle screws.
Immediate postoperative resolution of syrinx post-C1/C2 fixation in an operated case of foramen magnum decompression for Chiari malformation: Is Goel’s procedure a rescue surgery or a gold standard?
Authors: Chugh Ashish , Punia Prashant , Gotecha Sarang , Gaud Jayant Arun , Reddy Rajeev , Aziz Ramis Abdul
Published: March 2024

Chiari malformation (CM) is a common neurological disorder with foramen magnum decompression (FMD) as a commonly accepted treatment. The authors present a case of CM-1 wherein there was no radiological instability preoperatively and FMD was done as a treatment, after which the patient improved transiently only to deteriorate further. Atlantoaxial fixation was done as a second-stage procedure, after which the patient improved clinically and radiologically. The knowledge of this case and surgical entity should be borne in mind before the formulation of a treatment plan. It is important that the solution is to identify and treat the underlying pathology rather than to decompress and directly manipulate the tonsils.
An Atypical Hangman’s Fracture with Atlantoaxial Instability Managed by C1-C2 Arthrodesis: A Case Illustration
Authors: Jain Amit Kumar , Tawari Manish , Kumar Sanjeev , Rathore Lavlesh , Sahana Debabrata , Sahu Rajiv Kumar
Published: March 2024

Atypical hangman’s fractures (AHFs) are asymmetrical axis body fractures. These fractures tend to be unstable. We came across a case of AHF involving the left half of the axis body and contralateral lamina. The left C1-C2 joint was dislocated, but bilateral C2-C3 joints were stable. We performed C1-C2 stabilization and fracture alignment with the Goel–Harms technique.
Association of Olfactory and Gustatory Function with Memory among Community-Dwelling Independent Older Adults
Authors: Makizako Hyuma , Nakai Yuki , Akaida Shoma , Taniguchi Yoshiaki , Miwa Takaki , Morimoto Shigeto
Published: March 2024

Background: This study examined the association between memory function and reduced olfactory and gustatory function among independent community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 127 older adults (65.4% women). We assessed their memory, odor, and taste identification skills. Open essence (OE) test and taste strips (TS) were used to identify hyposmia (OE test ≤6) and hypogeusia (TS test ≤8), respectively. Results: Participants with severe hyposmia had significantly poorer memory functions compared to participants without severe hyposmia. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate logistic regression models revealed a significant association between immediate recognition performance and a decreased likelihood of severe hyposmia (odds ratio=0.65; 95% confidence interval 0.47–0.90). We observed no significant association between taste function and memory.Conclusion: Memory function may be associated with olfactory impairment in older adults.
Solid Runway Deicing/Anti-icing Product
Authors:   G-12RDP Runway Deicing Product Committee
Published: March 2024

This specification covers a runway deicing and anti-icing product in the form of a solid. Unless otherwise stated, all specifications referenced herein are latest (current) revision.
Steel, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 18Cr - 10.5Ni - 0.80Cb (347) Solution Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: March 2024

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate over 0.002 inch (0.051 mm) in thickness.
Nickel-Iron Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings, Rings and Stock for Forging or Flash-Welded Rings 42.5Ni - 12.5Cr - 5.8Mo - 2.9Ti - 0.015B - 35Fe (Alloy 901) Consumable Electrode Remelted or Vacuum Induction Melted Solution Heat Treated, Stabilized, and Precipitation Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: March 2024

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel-iron alloy in the form of bars, forgings, and flash-welded rings 5.0 inches (127 mm) and under in nominal diameter, or maximum cross-sectional distance between parallel sides (thickness), and stock of any size for forging or flash-welded rings.
eLIMInate: a Leakage-focused ISE for Masked Implementation
Authors: Cheng Hao , Page Daniel , Wang Weijia
Published: March 2024

Even given a state-of-the-art masking scheme, masked software implementation of some cryptography functionality can pose significant challenges stemming, e.g., from simultaneous requirements for efficiency and security. In this paper we design an Instruction Set Extension (ISE) to address a specific element of said challenge, namely the elimination of leakage stemming from architectural and microarchitectural overwriting. Conceptually, the ISE allows a leakage-focused behavioural hint to be communicated from software to the micro-architecture: using it informs how computation is realised when applied to masking-specific data, which then offers an opportunity to eliminate associated leakage. We develop prototype, latencyand area-optimised implementations of the ISE design based on the RISC-V Ibex core. Using them, we demonstrate that use of the ISE can close the gap between assumptions about and actual behaviour of a device and thereby deliver an improved security guarantee.
Compact Circuits for Efficient Möbius Transform
Authors: Banik Subhadeep , Regazzoni Francesco
Published: March 2024

The Möbius transform is a linear circuit used to compute the evaluations of a Boolean function over all points on its input domain. The operation is very useful in finding the solution of a system of polynomial equations over GF(2) for obvious reasons. However the operation, although linear, needs exponential number of logic operations (around n · 2n−1 bit xors) for an n-variable Boolean function. As such, the only known hardware circuit to efficiently compute the Möbius Transform requires silicon area that is exponential in n. For Boolean functions whose algebraic degree is bound by some parameter d, recursive definitions of the Möbius Transform exist that requires only O(nd+1) space in software. However converting the mathematical definition of this space-efficient algorithm into a hardware architecture is a non-trivial task, primarily because the recursion calls notionally lead to a depth-first search in a transition graph that requires context switches at each recursion call for which straightforward mapping to hardware is difficult. In this paper we look to overcome these very challenges in an engineering sense. We propose a space efficient sequential hardware circuit for the Möbius Transform that requires only polynomial circuit area (i.e. O(nd+1)) provided the algebraic degree of the Boolean function is limited to d. We show how this circuit can be used as a component to efficiently solve polynomial equations of degree at most d by using fast exhaustive search. We propose three different circuit architectures for this, each of which uses the Möbius Transform circuit as a core component. We show that asymptotically, all the solutions of a system of m polynomials in n unknowns and algebraic degree d over GF(2) can be found using a circuit of silicon area proportional to m · nd+1 and circuit depth proportional to 2 · log2(n − d).In the second part of the paper we introduce a fourth hardware solver that additionally aims to achieve energy efficiency. The main idea is to reduce the solution space to a small enough value by parallel application of Möbius Transform circuits over the first few equations of the system. This is done so that one can check individually whether the vectors of this reduced solution space satisfy each of the remaining equations of the system using lower power consumption. The new circuit has area also bound by m · nd+1 and has circuit depth proportional to d · log2 n. We also show that further optimizations with respect to energy consumption may be obtained by using depth-bound Möbius circuits that exponentially decrease run time at the cost of additional logic area and depth.
Defeating Low-Cost Countermeasures against Side-Channel Attacks in Lattice-based Encryption
Authors: Ravi Prasanna , Paiva Thales , Jap Dirmanto , D’Anvers Jan-Pieter , Bhasin Shivam
Published: March 2024

In an effort to circumvent the high cost of standard countermeasures against side-channel attacks in post-quantum cryptography, some works have developed low-cost detection-based countermeasures. These countermeasures try to detect maliciously generated input ciphertexts and react to them by discarding the ciphertext or secret key. In this work, we take a look at two previously proposed low-cost countermeasures: the ciphertext sanity check and the decapsulation failure check, and demonstrate successful attacks on these schemes. We show that the first countermeasure can be broken with little to no overhead, while the second countermeasure requires a more elaborate attack strategy that relies on valid chosen ciphertexts. Thus, in this work, we propose the first chosen-ciphertext based side-channel attack that only relies on valid ciphertexts for key recovery. As part of this attack, a third contribution of our paper is an improved solver that retrieves the secret key from linear inequalities constructed using side-channel leakage from the decryption procedure. Our solver is an improvement over the state-of-the-art Belief Propagation solvers by Pessl and Prokop, and later Delvaux. Our method is simpler, easier to understand and has lower computational complexity, while needing less than half the inequalities compared to previous methods.
Manifestaciones de violencia y agresividad en los espectáculos deportivos
Authors: Liz Rivas Lenny
Published: March 2024

El presente trabajo expone el concepto y definición que se le da a la violencia a través de una mirada multidisciplinar de la misma, ya que no es posible realizar un análisis general de la conducta violenta sin tener en cuenta distintas perspectivas. La violencia es un fenómeno que atraviesa todos los tiempos y sociedades, tal es así, que en cualquier contexto social que podamos plantearnos pueden aparecer distintos tipos de violencia o agresión. Este hecho es tan fuerte, que el deporte no es capaz de escapar a la violencia puesto que, este se ha convertido en una importan figura dentro de las sociedades modernas. Pues, a pesar de que el deporte está orientado al deleite de la actividad física, el despertar de esas emociones que nacen del contacto físico, del trabajo en equipo, de la planificación de estrategias y de esa explosión de adrenalina que uno solo puede experimentar haciendo deporte, siempre hay una parte negativa, en este caso, una parte cargada de violencia, que por desgracia y en muchas ocasiones, acaba por engullir la parte lúdica y satisfactoria del deporte.
Introducción al monográfico especial sobre “Cuestiones en torno a los Delitos de odio: delimitación, impacto y expansión”
Authors: Rodríguez Ramos Marta , Gordon Benito Iñigo
Published: March 2024

Los popularmente conocidos como «hate crimes» o «delitos de odio» suponen creencias prejuiciosas exteriorizadas que, siendo deshumanizantes, llevan consigo una visión estereotipada hacia una condición personal de la víctima que afecta a su núcleo identitario. Sea cual sea su manifestación externa, las claves para entender este tipo de violencia giran en torno a la dimensión colectiva, siendo preciso en todo caso, para corroborar su existencia, que el autor del delito haya sido consciente de que su mensaje iba a trascender a la víctima inmediata que hubiera sido escogida por su pertenencia —o presunta pertenencia— a un grupo de entre los que se encuentran legalmente protegidos. Este colectivo, a su vez, se convierte en el receptor último de la amenaza velada, que se proyecta contra todos y cada uno de sus miembros.
Ciberodio
Authors: Gordon Benito Iñigo
Published: March 2024

El ciberodio es un fenómeno criminal complejo y multiforme. Sus formas de manifestarse demandan trazar respuestas jurídico-penales acordes a las amenazas que se proyectan. Ahora bien, catalogar los comentarios mordaces, agresivos, amenazantes o humillantes que inundan el entorno digital, empleando para ello un filtro jurídico-penal, se antoja muy difícil. De hecho, la gradación del lenguaje más o menos ofensivo es infinita en matices. Así todo, Internet es un hervidero de información circunstancial (es decir, información muy rica en detalles). La tutela cada vez más adelantada que dispensa el Derecho penal parece que invita a hacer uso de todo ese tesoro de información. El rastro que deja cada usuario en la red, sea o no su voluntad, es material valioso a emplear –al menos, en términos potenciales– en su contra. En la actualidad, conjugar todo lo anterior sin caer en el Derecho penal de autor o en la sobreexposición penal del discurso (Derecho penal anticipativo y preventivo) supone todo un reto. En este estudio, la mirada a otras realidades o sensibilidades nacionales servirá de valioso contrapunto al marco penal español. Se propondrán correcciones legislativas o interpretaciones legales alternativas para la optimización de la lucha contra el odio online.
discurso del odio desde una perspectiva constitucional
Authors: Ortega Giménez Cristina
Published: March 2024

La presente investigación examina la regulación de los delitos de odio con especial interés en la modalidad de discurso del odio recogida en el artículo 510 del Código Penal. En este sentido, se presta atención a la injerencia que supone el castigo penal en el ejercicio de la libertad de expresión, y se propone acudir a esta vía en casos de apología expresa de la violencia contra colectivos considerados históricamente vulnerables. Para contrarrestar el resto de mensajes intolerantes se exploran, a continuación, alternativas al proceso penal como la tutela civil y la reparación del daño mediante herramientas propias de la justicia restaurativa. Además, se alude a los medios de comunicación como constructores de la realidad social y a la labor que pueden desempeñar en la creación de un ‘discurso de defensa activo’ de las minorías. Todo ello nos conduce a abordar, en último término, la educación en derechos humanos entendida como un proceso continuo mediante el cual la población es consciente del significado de los derechos adquiridos y aprende a ejercerlos sin dañar al otro. Fomentar este tipo de educación podría resultar más efectivo que las sanciones jurídicas para frenar el odio, y promover una cultura constitucional que favorezca la libertad en igualdad para toda la ciudadanía.
INTEGRATION OF OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND ECO-INDICATORS FOR ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES IN AN AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENT COMPANY
Authors:   Universitas Tarumanagara, LAURENSIA JESICA , KOSASIH WILSON ,   Universitas Tarumanagara, SALOMON LITHRONE ,   Universitas Tarumanagara
Published: March 2024

This paper focuses on assessing manufacturing processes in an automotive component company using aspects of availability, performance efficiency, quality rate and sustainability to determine the overall progress achieved by implementing lean and green techniques. This action research aims to improve sustainability and manufacturing process efficiency simultaneously with appropriate corrective actions. Overall Environmental Equipment Effectiveness (OEEE) is calculated as the relationship between overall equipment effectiveness and environmental impact conducted by Domingo and Aguado. It means identifying losses due to sustainability and establishing a complete understanding of machine effectiveness and sustainability aspects of the production process. The manufacturing process consists of cutting, forging, CNC machining, robodrill machining, chamfering, broaching and removing burry, collected from primary (sampling data collection) and secondary data from the internals company. Based on the results, the OEEE value was “poor” in the forging process 55.752%, and the machining process 56.040%, due to low sustainability value. The corrective actions are to change the raw material from S45C to SWCH45K and recycle the waste. After improvements, the OEEE results on the forging process 60.118% and on the machining process 60.278%, can be declared “acceptable” because it meets the requirements of 60% < OEEE <70%
DSC STUDIES OF THE EFFECT OF SODIUM CARBONATE, POLYOLS, AND EMULSIFIERS ON THERMAL PROPERTIES OF GLUTEN-FREE NOODLE DOUGH
Authors:   Silpakorn University, KONGRUENG ATHICHA , THIRATHUMTHAVORN DOUNGJAI ,   Silpakorn University, UDOMRATI SUNSANEE ,   Kasetsart University, CHAI-UEA PIYACHAT ,   Silpakorn University, WATTANAPAIROJ CHATCHAI ,   Silpakorn University
Published: March 2024

Alkaline salt confers unique characteristics to noodles. Polyols and emulsifiers can be used to improve noodle quality and prolong their shelf life. However, there is no information regarding the effect of alkali in combination with polyols and emulsifiers on the properties of noodle dough. This research aimed to study the effects of emulsifiers [lecithin and distilled monoglycerides (DMG)] and polyols (glycerol and sorbitol) with or without sodium carbonate on the thermal properties of gluten-free noodle dough during gelatinisation and retrogradation analysed by DSC. Results showed that the addition of alkali increased the gelatinisation temperature of noodle dough (pH ~10). The effect of incorporating either emulsifiers or polyols on gelatinization temperature was significant in a neutral system compared to an alkaline system. The control presented the lowest onset temperature to melt the retrograded sample, indicating a less crystalline arrangement. Noodle dough in neutral pH had both type I and II ALCs, while alkaline noodle dough presented only type I ALCs. All retrograded samples presented only type I ALC. Polyol significantly decreased ALC formation. In conclusion, alkali had a significant effect on gelatinisation properties and proved effective in preventing the formation of crystals in starch containing DMG after cold storage.
ASSESSING UNDERGRADUATES’ MISCONCEPTIONS ON CENTRAL DOGMA OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY USING A 3-TIER DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Authors:   De La Salle University, RETONE LOURENCE E. , PRUDENTE MARICAR S. ,   De La Salle University
Published: March 2024

Misconceptions can hinder students’ learning of biology, especially in the central dogma of molecular biology due to its connection with other topics. Studies have shown that Philippine high school students harbour significant misconceptions regarding genetics, including the central dogma. This study aims to develop a three-tier diagnostic test to identify misconceptions carried forward to undergraduate students enrolled in biologically related courses, leading to the development of the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Questionnaire (CDMBQ). This study found that the CDMBQ has very good reliability (a = 0.88) and moderately positive construct validity (r = 0.4). It also revealed that the respondents have a low understanding of the central dogma (mean = 4.76), and they have acquired misconceptions pertaining to transcription, types of RNA, and translation. Lastly, perception items showed students have forgotten central dogma concepts, display confusion about the topic, and maintain neutral sentiments about their science teacher as well as have neutral feelings about their understanding of the central dogma. Nonetheless, they expressed interest in studying its concepts. These results confirm the reliability andvalidity of the CDMBQ for assessing misconceptions surrounding the central dogma of molecular biology.
Benefits of Employee Performance-Based Training Systems for Companies
Authors: Raba Henricus , Ngamal Yohanes
Published: March 2024

The aim of performance-based research is to find out whether training output can improve employee skills such as professionalism, work discipline, productivity, and performance among employees. In carrying out research, use the type of library research, namely research whose object of study uses library data in the form of books as the data source. Performance-based training is suitable for use in complex business environments. Performance-based training has advantages in employee development. Employees are a reliable source of competitive advantage to compete in an ever-changing and competitive business world. Performance-based training is very beneficial for employees and the organization. Performance-based training helps organizations understand the importance of developing employees to be competitive and output-based. Performance-based training will also help companies understand what factors need to be considered when conducting training and how to provide appropriate training to their employees to achieve the output performance of an organization/company so that it continues to improve. Performance-based training as well as output-based training can keep an organization or company surviving and competitive. However, it needs to be understood that successful training must be implemented in parallel with the organization's strategy to achieve the desired training program objectives.
Influence Return on Equity Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Net Profit Margin Against Stock Price Jakarta Islamic Index
Authors: Sunggoro Andhika Rafi
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of ROE, DER, and NPM on Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) stock prices, either simultaneously or partially. The type of research used in this study is quantitative research using descriptive methods and verification methods using the analysis method   Multiple Linear Regression, T Test, F Test, Determination Coefficient Test, and Classical Assumption Test using Stata 15 software. Based on the research results, the results the analysis explains that ROE does not have a partial effect, but DER and NPM have a partial influence on the JII Stock Price. The results of the analysis also explain that the data is not infected with multicollinearity problems and does not contain heteroscedasticity, and simultaneously ROE, DER, and NPM have no influence on the JII Share Price with the ability to explain the JII Stock Price variance of 57.58%. Then the following conclusions are obtained: 1) The results of the simultaneous analysis show no significant effect between the variables ROE, DER, and NPM on the JII Stock Price. 2) The results of the partial test, it is known that DER and NPM have a positive and significant effect, but ROE has no positive and significant effect on JII's stock price.
ANALISA KONSEP RECHTERLIJK PARDON DALAM PROSES MEDIASI PERKARA DIVERSI
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Effendi Yulian , Sazilli M. , Irawan Hengki , Sekentiananda Novandro Ari
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Pemidanaan dapat diartikan sebagai tahap penetapan sanksi dan juga tahap pemberian sanksi dalam hukum pidana. Tindak Pidana ringan di perbolehkan melakukan perdamaian bahwa perdamaian dalam penyelesaian perkara pidana, perdamaian yang melibatkan korban, pelaku dan masyarakat masih terbatas dan dilaksanakan di luar pengadilan. Perdamaian antar pelaku dan korban dengan diikuti penggantian kerugian dan pemaafan hanya berfungsi meringankan pemidanaan terhadap pelaku dan permohonan maaf boleh dilakukan Diversi bahwa dalam perkara pidana yang dapat diselesaikan dengan perdamaian adalah pada perkara tindak pidana ringan sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 364, 373, 379, 384, 407 dan 483 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP). Dalam hal ini hukum yang diberikan adalah pidana penjara paling lama 3 bulan atau denda Rp 2,5 juta. Penyelesaian perkara pidana, perdamaian yang melibatkan korban, pelaku dan masyarakat masih terbatas dan dilaksanakan di luar pengadilan. Khusus untuk peradilan pidana anak, sudah mengakomodasi perdamaian melalui diversi, permohonan maaf boleh dilakukan Diversi dalam perkara pidana tindak pidana ringan pidana penjara paling lama 3 bulan atau denda Rp 2,5 juta. Pihak korban maupun pelaku diharapkan dapat mencari dan mencapai solusi serta alternatif terbaik untuk menyelesaikan perkara diantara mereka, supaya praktik perdamaian memiliki legitimasi dalam sistem peradilan pidana Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : Diversi, Mediasi, Perkara Pidana
Pentingnya Pengajaran Firman Allah bagi Penguatan Resiliensi Umat: Sebuah Kajian Presfektif Lukas 2: 41-52
Authors: Sudibyo Irwanto
Published: March 2024

The importance of teaching God's Word in the Church is something that believers urgently understand because, currently, many people have neglected to study God's Word. Jesus, who was an example in studying God's Word, will be an example of the importance of studying God's Word, the narrative of which is recorded in Luke 2: 40-52. This research uses a qualitative method by interpreting the narrative in Luke 2:40-52 to see why it is important to study God's Word. The results of the interpretation found that studying God's Word is essential to know Jesus correctly, grow spiritually, develop loyalty, and commit to carrying out God's will.  AbstrakPentingnya Pengajaran Firman Allah dalam Gereja sudah merupakan hal yang mendesak di pahami oleh orang percaya karena pada saat ini ada banyak orang yang sudah mengabaikan pembelajaran Firman Tuhan. Yesus yang menjadi teladan dalam belajar Firman Tuhan akan menjadi teladan untuk melihat pentingnya belajar Firman Tuhan yang narasinya di catat di Lukas 2: 40-52. Metode dalam penelitian ini mengunakan metode Kualitatif dengan menafsirkan narasi yang ada di Lukas 2:40-52 untuk melihat mengapa penting belajar Firman Tuhan. Dari hasil tafsiran maka ditemukan Pentingnya belajar Firman Tuhan adalah: untuk mengenal Yesus dengan benar, untuk menumbuhkan kerohanian, untuk menubuhkan kesetiaan dan untuk menumbuhkan komitmen dalam menjalankan kehendak Allah.
Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Kristiani: Sebuah Studi tentang Penguatan Karakter Siswa
Authors: Elisa Saturnina , Triposa Reni , Arifianto Yonatan Alex
Published: March 2024

In the implementation of the Pancasila student profile, the subject of civic education serves as a character education process for students within the learning framework. This theory aids students in understanding and applying the values of the Pancasila student profile in their lives. The author employs a literature review method in this study. The discussion in this study concludes that the Pancasila student profile can be implemented in Christian education. This is done to ascertain and develop the Pancasila Student Profile in the students' characters, providing an essential understanding through Christian education. Exemplary attitudes and guidance play a crucial role in effectively imparting understanding to students and enhancing their character. AbstrakDalam implementasi profil pelajar pancasila pelajaran PAK merupakan suatu proses peserta didik dalam pendidikan karakter untuk membentuk pertumbuhan karakter dengan penanaman nilai-nilai profil pelajar Pancasila sesuai dengan kurikulum yang ditetapkan di sekolah dasar yaitu kurikulum merdeka belajar, melalui teori tersebut membantu peserta didik dapat memahami, mengerti, dan dapat mengaplikasikannya dalam kehidupan peserta didik sehingga peserta didik mengalami pertumbuhan karakter yang baik. Penulis menggunakan metode pustaka dalam kajian ini. Pendidikan karakter peserta didik dalam suatu proses pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan, melalui teori tersebut membantu peserta didik dapat mengerti dan dapat mengaplikasikannya sesuai dengan nilai-nilai profil pelajar pancasila dalam kehidupan peserta didik. Penulis menggunakan metode pustaka dalam kajian ini. Uraian dari kajian ini menyimpulkan profil pelajar pancasila dapat diimplementasikan dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui memperhatikan, dan mengembangkan profil pelajar Pancasila terhadap karakter peserta didik serta memberi pemahaman penting melalui proses Pendidikan Agama Kristen, sikap keteladanan dan bimbingan dalam memberikan pemahaman secara efektif kepada peserta didik. Nilai-nilai yang diimplementasikan tersebut suatu nilai yang sudah diatur dan disusun serta diusahakan kepada peserta didik agar peserta didik mengalami suatu perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran terutama pada karakter peserta didik.
Seven-lined Ground Snake (Atractus gaigeae)
Authors: Zambrano Duvan
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Seven-lined Ground Snake (Atractus gaigeae), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Red-blotched Ground Snake (Atractus paucidens)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Red-blotched Ground Snake (Atractus paucidens), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Green Whipsnake (Chironius exoletus)
Authors: Vieira Jose , Arteaga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Green Whipsnake (Chironius exoletus), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Iridescent Ground Snake (Atractus iridescens)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Iridescent Ground Snake (Atractus iridescens), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Rusty-fronted Whipsnake (Chironius leucometapus)
Authors: Garzón-Franco Esteban , Gómez-Mesa Laura
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Rusty-fronted Whipsnake (Chironius leucometapus), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Ecuadorian Ground Snake (Atractus ecuadorensis)
Authors: Zambrano Duvan , Arteaga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Ecuadorian Ground Snake (Atractus ecuadorensis), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Greater Ground Snake (Atractus major)
Authors: Zambrano Duvan , Arteaga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Greater Ground Snake (Atractus major), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Pentingnya Pembinaan Gereja dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Rohani Keluarga Kristen
Authors: Mambrasar Rosalina Is , Wattimury Wiesye Agnes , Elias Thomson Framonty Eframinto
Published: March 2024

Salah satu aspek yang mempengaruhi menurunnya mutu rohani keluarga kristen adalah kurangnya penerapan pelayanan –pelayanan berbasis  keluarga.  Itulah tugas gereja yang harus dilaksanakan sebagai baagian dari pelayanan demi terwujudnya Mutu rohani keluarga kristen yang baik. Namun dalam kenyataan terlihat masih kurangnya Peranan gereja dalam menyikapi pembentukan keluarga kristen dalam meningkatkan Mutu rohani setiap keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek   apa saja yang mempengaruhi menurunnya mutu rohani keluarga diera modern ini,dan upaya gereja dalam menyikapi kondisi keluarga kristen untuk memperkokoh mutu rohani keluarga, dan manfaat dari setiap pelayanan-pelayanan gereja bagi keluarga kristen.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalan penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif Deskriptif, dengan metode wawancara, melalui para responden kunciHasil dari penelitian ini adalah terkikisnya  mutu rohani keluarga akibat dari pengaruh beberapa aspek  duniawi, yaitu Pekerjaan ,Pergaulan bebas  yang tidak  terkontrol, konsumsi miuman keras, dan lainnya.dan masih kurangnya  penerapan program pelayanan berbasis keluarga  kristen yang dibuat oleh gereja yang merupakan aspek pendukung  dalam pembentukan mutu rohani  keluarga kristen.
Desain Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Kristen Keluarga untuk Mengimplementasikan Sakramen Perjamuan Bersama Anak Berdasarkan Model Backward Design
Authors: Hidayat Udin Firman , Rantung Djoys Anneke , Naibaho Lamhot
Published: March 2024

This research is conducted as an effort to design a Christian Religious Education (PAK) Family curriculum specifically developed to implement the sacrament of Communion with children. The sacrament of Communion with children positively impacts parents' awareness of their role in educating their children's faith. In practice, parents are responsible for providing understanding and preparing their children's involvement in the sacrament of Communion. In line with this specific objective, the Backward Design model is considered more appropriate because "expected outcomes" are the first step that is carefully considered in the design process. Using qualitative research methods and a literature review approach, this study produces a more relevant PAK Family curriculum design that addresses specific needs, particularly about the implementation of understanding the sacrament of Communion with children.  AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan sebagai upaya mendesain kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) Keluarga yang secara khusus dikembangkan untuk mengimplementasikan sakramen Perjamuan bersama anak. Sakramen Perjamuan bersama anak berdampak positif terhadap kesadaran peran orang tua dalam pendidikan iman anak-anaknya. Dalam praksisnya, orang tua bertanggung jawab untuk memberikan pemahaman dan mempersiapkan keterlibatan anak-anak mereka dalam sakramen Perjamuan. Sesuai dengan tujuan spesifik ini  model Backward Design dipandang lebih sesuai karena dalam proses perancangannya “tujuan yang diharapkan”menjadi tahap pertama yang dipertimbangkan dengan matang. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan pendekatan studi kepustakaan penelitian ini menghasilkan desain kurikulum PAK Keluarga yang lebih relevan, menjawab kebutuhan spesifik yang diharapkan khususnya berkaitan dengan implementasi pemahaman sakramen Perjamuan bersama anak.
Kontekstualisasi Menuju Inkulturasi Koperatif-Prolektif: Nilai Budaya Mapalus dan Falsafah Pemimpin Negeri di Minahasa dalam Konstruksi Manajemen Pendidikan Kristiani
Authors: Rumbay Christar Arstilo , Hutagalung Stimson , Sagala Rudolf W
Published: March 2024

: Christian Religious Education (PAK) encourages the inclusion of religious and cultural values in its construction. The presence of cultural values still needs to be met; religion dominates the elements of PAK. This requires the correct pattern of PAK management. Mapalus cultural values and leadership philosophy in Minahasa are part of a promising heritage. But the educational contextualization approach needs to make the right formula. This research recommends a cultural approach model for education that contributes to the Minahasa context. By using an analytical-descriptive approach, this qualitative research takes references from articles, books, and interviews with several sources. As a result, the values of mapalus solidarity and communal leadership are cultural elements that can be incorporated into the construction of PAK with a cooperative-prolective inculturation approach.  AbstrakPendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) mendorong masuknya nilai agama dan budaya pada konstruksinya. Kehadiran nilai budaya masih jauh dari harapan, agama mendominasi unsur-unsur PAK. Kenyataan ini membutuhkan pola manajemen PAK yang tepat. Nilai budaya mapalus dan falsafah kepemimpinan di Minahasa merupakan bagian dari warisan leluhur yang menjanjikan. Namun pendekatan kontekstualisasi pendidikan perlu untuk membuat formula yang tepat. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk merekomendasikan model pendekatan budaya bagi pendidikan yang kontributif bagi konteks Minahasa. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis-deskriptif, penelitian kualitatif ini mengambil referensi dari artikel, buku dan wawancara ke beberapa narasumber. Sebagai hasilnya, nilai solidaritas mapalus dan komunal kepemimpinan merupakan unsur budaya yang dapat dilibatkan kedalam konstruksi PAK dengan pendekatan inkulturasi koperatif-prolektif.