bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction to nature-based solutions for wastewater treatment
Authors: Ahmad I.
Published: February 2025

Nature-based solutions (NBS) for wastewater treatment present an environmentally sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional treatment systems. These approaches harness natural processes involving plants, microorganisms, and soil systems to treat and purify wastewater, reducing the reliance on energy-intensive and chemical-based methods. Wetlands, biofilters, and vegetated swales are examples of NBS that utilize natural filtration, adsorption, and microbial degradation to remove contaminants from wastewater, such as nutrients, heavy metals, and pathogens. In addition to wastewater purification, these solutions offer co-benefits, including biodiversity enhancement, carbon sequestration, and improved water security. NBS are particularly advantageous in decentralized and rural contexts where traditional infrastructure may be limited, promoting resilience against climate change and providing ecosystem services. However, the effectiveness of NBS can vary based on site-specific factors, such as climate, pollutant load, and land availability, necessitating careful design and monitoring. This chapter will briefly introduce the NBS and its advantages and challenges, which provide a platform for the upcoming chapters incorporating various technologies. Future research is needed to optimize these systems, quantify long-term benefits, and scale their application in urban settings. Overall, NBS represent a promising and versatile approach to achieving sustainable water management and addressing global wastewater challenges.
Constructed wetland for wastewater treatment: design, operation, and performance
Authors: Deb Suparna , Choudhary Bhavesh , Kashyap Shubham , Choudhary Utkarsh
Published: February 2025

Constructed wetlands have emerged as a sustainable and efficient approach for treating wastewater, offering numerous environmental and economic benefits. This chapter examines the design, operation, and performance of contracted wetlands as a viable solution for wastewater treatment especially in fishery sector. The design aspect highlights the critical factors considered during the planning phase of constructed wetlands. It discusses the selection approaches of appropriate wetland types, such as free water surface (FWS) and subsurface flow (SSF), based on specific pollutant removal requirements and available land space. Factors such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), vegetation type and layout configuration are examined in the context of maximizing treatment efficiency and ensuring successful integration into the fishery environment. The operation section delves into the practical implementation and management of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the fishery sector. It explores the importance of regular monitoring and maintenance to sustain optimum performance. The significance of understanding wetland ecology and the roles of microorganism and aquatic plants in pollutant removal are also discussed, highlighting the importance of ecological balance within the system. The performance assessment of constructed wetlands focuses on their removing various pollutants commonly found in water, organic matter, and potentially harmful substances. Moreover, this chapter discusses the environmental effect or benefits of constructed wetlands, such as habitat creation and biodiversity enhancement, which can contribute to the overall structure of promoting a healthy fishery ecosystem. The potential economic advantages are also discussed in this chapter. Overall, this provides valuable insights into design, operation, and performance of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the fishery sector. Understanding the critical factors involved in their implementation and their capacity to improve water quality can contribute significantly to sustainable development in the fishery industry, ensuring both environmental protection and economic viability.
Case studies of photobioreactors employed in the treatment of wastewaters: a sustainable approach for Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Satya Awalina , Chrismadha Tjandra , Satya Ika A. , Satya Azalea D. M. , Artanti Nina , Melanie Hakiki , Rosidah Rosidah , Maghfiroh Miratul , Navisyah Eva , Gunawan Gunawan , Nofdianto Nofdianto , Julian Helen , Harimawan Ardiyan , Setiadi Tjandra
Published: February 2025

Globally, the rapidly increasing human population causes significant environmental changes such as contamination of soil, water and air. Urbanization and industrialization contribute to anthropogenic pollution, which harms ecological stability and climate change. Pollutants enter water bodies through a variety of point and non-point sources, with wastewater discharge being a major one. The existing conventional wastewater treatment methods are costly; therefore, a sustainable alternative approach to treatment costs must be obtained. Microalgae have recently been identified as a potentially cost-effective method of pollutant remediation via the mechanisms of bioaccumulation, biosorption and intracellular degradation. As a result, microalgae-based water treatment (MBWT) can be used to help with environmental resource recovery and sustainable development efforts. Photobioreactors (PBRs) play an important role in these processes because microalgae are photosynthetic organisms that are important for producing the desirable and environmentally benign products. Microalgae biomass derived from MBWT is advantageous as a potential feedstock material for a variety of industrial applications such as biofuels, bio-fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, natural colorants and so on. This review primarily focused on how microalgae are grown in open and closed PBRs. It sought to shed light on the key parameters that influence PBR performance, including irradiance, mixing, pH, temperature, nutrients, mass transfer and capital-operating costs. Along with that, a discussion on wastewater microalgae related to cultivation condition and microalgal growth, wastewater species types and properties was presented.
The state of wastewater treatment plants and how it is affecting the effluent discharge quality within the water bodies of Gauteng
Authors: Jiyane P. , Hoorzook K. B. , Janse van Rensburg N.
Published: February 2025

A crucial component of both environmental sustainability and human welfare is water quality. The demand for freshwater resources has significantly increased due to growing urbanization and industrialization, which has resulted in the production of enormous amounts of wastewater. Wastewater is the water-carried waste that is removed from formal and informal residences, institutions, commercial, and industrial establishments, together with the groundwater, surface water, stormwater, and potable water as may be present. The primary objective of collection and wastewater treatment is to ensure that the effluent discharged to the environment does not pose serious threats to both human health and environment. There is an increasing concern of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to perform against the required standards and expectations. The majority of WWTPs fail to meet at least three or more of the respective effluent discharge standards. Their performance infrastructure: challenges such as ageing infrastructure; historical low base budget allocation for repairs, operations, and maintenance; ‘catch-up’ mode to ensure optimal operation and maintenance planning with regards to the installation of new infrastructure and technologies; under investment in sewer collection and sludge handling infrastructure; low skill base to manage, operate, and maintain the specialized nature of wastewater services; meeting the demand of rapidly increasing housing developments; and inadequate design or technology decisions for the specific municipal environment. The effectiveness of WWTPs in improving water quality is evidenced by the removal of contaminants such as suspended solids, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and pathogens. Their successful operation leads to reduced eutrophication, decreased waterborne diseases, and the protection of aquatic biodiversity. Moreover, treated wastewater can be safely discharged into natural water bodies or reused for various purposes, including irrigation, industrial processes, and even potable water supply in water-stressed regions. The above paragraph serves as an overview on how WWTPs play a crucial role in safeguarding water quality and promoting sustainable water management practices. As global populations continue to grow, and environmental challenges become increasingly complex, the development and implementation of innovative technologies and sustainable practices in WWTPs are paramount. These efforts not only contribute to cleaner water but also align with broader goals of environmental conservation and public health protection.
Sustainable routes in the production of biodiesel, bioethanol, and biomethane with subsequent bioenergy conversion
Authors: Hayyat Umer , Shahid Muhammad , En Jonathan Lee Tian , Dutta Nalok , Khan Muhammad Usman
Published: February 2025

Given the decline of fossil fuels and growing concern over environmental pollution, sustainable bioenergy has emerged as a promising avenue for future energy development. The production of bioenergy from various waste materials offers a promising and sustainable solution to meet future energy goals. It helps reduce waste and minimize environmental impact. This chapter explores the sustainable routes for producing biofuels such as biodiesel, biomethane, and bioethanol from biomass. The focus is on the key conversion technologies and processes involved in these production methods. It is seen that different methods are used for producing biodiesel and biomethane, including both conventional and advanced technologies, whereas bioethanol is primarily produced through fermentation and distillation processes. Applications of these biofuels are also discussed in this chapter, including their potential use in transportation, power generation, and other sectors. This chapter critically analyses these production methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state and prospects of bioenergy production.
A review of extraction of biodiesel from non-edible oils and microalgae using nanocatalysts
Authors: Subramanian Sindhu , Vijay Kirushnan V. M. , Amritha A. , Sanjay Kumaar V. S. , Shobika N. V. , Dhamothar P. , Swetha S.
Published: February 2025

With rapidly on-going energy demand and fast depletion of fossil fuels, the option of choosing biodiesel holds the upper-hand. Biodiesel production from edible oils was observed to be not feasible by industry due to the usage of feedstocks as food resources. Recently research using heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from the non-edible oils and algal oil is considered way superior to homogeneous catalysts due to the lower selectivity, activity, recovery, and reusability of catalysts. This chapter aims to review critically a portion of the usage of non-edible oils and algal oils for biodiesel production via heterogeneous catalysts and nanoheterogeneous catalysts. It includes the preparation and characterization of catalysts, optimized conditions for alkyl ester production, and characterization of biodiesel. It also includes the selection of suitable catalysts for industrial application.
Comprehensive risk assessment of drought disasters from the perspective of multi-source geospatial big data: evidence from China's grain production bases
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Wu Wenqing , Chen Yali , Wang Qi , Song Qingfan
Published: February 2025

Liaoning Province, a major grain production base in China, has faced increasingly frequent extreme drought events under global climate change, impacting local economic and social sustainability. Effective prevention requires comprehensive risk assessments. However, existing risk assessment studies often suffer from low spatial resolution and limited integration of geographic big data. This study integrates multi-source geographic big data, using 10 indicators across risk, vulnerability, and exposure dimensions. A comprehensive drought disaster risk assessment model was established by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy weight method. Theil–Sen median analysis evaluated drought risks from 2001 to 2021 and predicted future trends. Results revealed spatial heterogeneity in drought risks, with ‘higher in the west and north, lower in the east and south’ distribution. Chaoyang City, in the western hilly region, had the highest risk, with a vulnerability index above 0.65, while Panjin City in the east showed lower risk and a vulnerability index below 0.45. Over 20 years, the overall risk declined across the province. This method aligns with actual drought losses, validating its effectiveness and enhancing understanding of drought risk patterns to mitigate impacts.
Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej "Klauzula sumienia dla wszystkich?", Instytut Filozofii Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie, Warszawa, 12.06.2024 r.
Authors: Meller Jacek
Published: February 2025

Pluralizm światopoglądowy współczesnych społeczeństw, konieczność ustanowienia porządku prawnego, regulującego różne dziedziny życia, i jednoczesne uznanie godności osobowej każdego człowieka wraz z przysługującą mu wolnością sumienia każą postawić pytania o sposoby rozwiązywania potencjalnych konfliktów między nakazami prawa a normą, której źródłem jest sumienie jednostki. Jednym z nich jest uznanie sprzeciwu sumienia: możliwości niewykonania działania, dopuszczonego czy nakazanego przez prawo. Podczas konferencji Klauzula sumienia dla wszystkich? przedstawiono antropologiczne podstawy sprzeciwu sumienia, aktualne tendencje do zawężania lub poszerzania tej sfery wolności człowieka, a także praktykę respektowania tego uprawnienia w niektórychzawodach.
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Zgłoszono: 27/06/2024. Zrecenzowano: 12/09/2024. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 21/10/2024.
Mulheres potiguares no ensino da história local, na educação básica, em Mossoró-RN
Authors:   , Medeiros Vanusa Maria Gomes Noronha
Published: February 2025

Nas recentes pesquisas acadêmicas, há uma considerável gama de produções que abordam a
temática das mulheres na História e a forma como são representadas. Esta
pesquisa se concentra em analisar como as mulheres protagonistas da cidade de
Mossoró-RN são abordadas no ensino de História local, verificando seus estereótipos,
permanências ou mudanças, a partir dos conteúdos imagéticos veiculados nos livros
didáticos de História. Para atingir esse objetivo, fez-se um levantamento dos materiais
imagéticos presentes nos livros didáticos de História do 9º ano de três editoras
diferentes acerca das mulheres potiguares. Para fins didáticos, fizemos um recorte de
duas personagens: Nísia Floresta e Celina Guimarães Viana. A análise das imagens foi
feita a partir de uma crítica documental à luz da historiografia local, com base na análise de
conteúdo proposta por Bardin (1977). Realizou-se ainda uma
entrevista semiestruturada com dois professores, sendo um da rede estadual e um da rede
municipal, com o intuito de analisar como eles trabalham a história local e a
participação das mulheres no ensino de História. A pesquisa concluiu que os estudos acerca das
mulheres potiguares ainda estão em construção, percorrem passos lentos e necessitam ser
revalorizados como conteúdos da disciplina de História a fim de que as personagens femininas
locais sirvam de inspiração para a manutenção da dignidade e direitos das mulheres
Multi objective optimization and technical investigation of hybrid energy system based on the green hydrogen economy to power the load demand of an academic research building in India
Authors: Athia Neha
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The need for energy is rising as technology and population grow. In this research paper, a technical and economical investigation of the HES based on the green hydrogen economy is utilized to feed an electrical load demand in an academic research building in the state technical university of RGPV, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, situated at latitude 23.3103° N and longitude 77.3619° E. A MOO with NSGA-II algorithm are used to obtain the two objective functions which are Cost of Energy (CoE), and Net Present Cost (NPC) while taking the Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) as a constraint. The findings indicate that 24570.72 kWh of power are generated annually by HES to meet an AC primary load of 20712.63 kWh. The HES has an operational cost of $2088.188 $/year and an NPC and CoE of $48408, 0.2033415 $/kWh, respectively.
Multivariate analysis of diesel engine performance: Integrating PCA and TOPSIS for comprehensive evaluation and ranking of operating parameters
Authors: CHOUHAN Padamveer Singh
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of diesel engine performance through the integration of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The aim is to evaluate and rank various operating parameters influencing diesel engine performance, including BTE, specific fuel consumption, and emissions levels. Through PCA, underlying patterns and relationships among these parameters are identified, reducing the dimensionality of the dataset while retaining essential information. Subsequently, TOPSIS methodology is employed to determine the relative importance of each parameter and rank diesel engine configurations or operating conditions based on their performance. By combining these techniques, this study provides a robust framework for decision-making in diesel engine optimization and design, offering insights into the most influential factors driving engine performance and emissions.
A review on microfluidic-based electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) in state-of-the-art adaptive electronic cooling
Authors: SAHU Amit
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The perpetual growth of efficient computing devices, desktop computers, and power electronic systems obliges the development of effective cooling solutions capable of efficiently dissipating high heat flux and addressing hot spots at the microscales. Electrowetting (EW) cooling is compact and responds to adaptive temperature control of electronic devices. Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) devices are excellent for electronic cooling in Lab-on-a-Chip technology. These devices are candid, have no moving parts, and provide precise control over movement. Micro manufacturing of cooling devices enables heat transfer efficiently as compared to conventional cooling devices. This article surveys the efforts of microfluidic-based cooling devices using the electrowetting principle with single and multiple arrayed water droplet jets on hydrophobic or superhydrophobic surfaces. It discusses the suitable surface treatment methods and materials to improve the performance of electronic devices and high computing systems.
Simulation of heat transfer in automotive radiator
Authors: GIDWANI Arian
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The radiator is a crucial component of the cooling system in an automobile. Its liquid cooling system can be more precisely controlled and offers greater cooling capacity than air-cooling systems such as those found in motorbikes or small aircrafts. As about 1/3rd of the total heat energy from the fuel is dissipated through the engine cooling system, it is necessary to design a robust and effective cooling system. In this study a basic radiator system has been modelled in SolidWorks and conjugate heat transfer simulations have been carried out in ANSYS Fluent. By using commonly used materials such as aluminum for the radiator and water as a coolant the results of this study may be of relevance to a wider audience and be easily compared with other data. This study focuses on four test cases with variations in coolant inlet temperature, namely 373K and 353K as well as coolant and air flow rates of 4m/s or 0.5m/s for water and 2m/s or 0.2m/s for air respectively. The air inlet temperature was fixed at 300K for all readings and the effectiveness of the radiator was found out in all cases. The use of simulation for testing the efficiency and effectiveness of cooling systems helps reduce costs by testing before investing time and money on physical prototypes and helps to develop better systems faster.
Assessment of flood flow using HEC-HMS software
Authors: NADAGOUDA Kalyani
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This research developed an alternative approach for flash flood modeling in a region by the use of physiographic features, surface water models like ARCGIS (Aeronautical Reconnaissance Coverage Geographic Information System), HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modeling System-Hydrologic Modeling System), and a GIS (Geographic Information System). Flooded areas can be seen quickly compared to satellite imagery data. Radar and microwave data is improved to an extent that it can process images even on cloudy days. Aster digital elevation model data with feature extraction from goggle earth pro helps in the delivery of information to future risks that can be predicted. Satellite data is considered for land use and land cover analysis. We can process plan with individual parameters in the raster calculator or band math using GIS-based software. Modeling helps for future planning and to take precautions to reduce risk damage. These criteria are used to identify areas affected by flash floods, as shown in figures in result section.
Design and analysis of a mass-spring-damper system for active stabilization of a dynamic platform
Authors: PINTO Allen
Published: February 2025

Abstract. This study analyses the design and dynamics of a mass-spring-damper system intended to stabilise a dynamic platform. Mathematical models and MATLAB simulations were employed to assess the behaviour of the system. The suspension system played a crucial role in ensuring the stability and safety of the platform. Its primary function is to dampen the oscillations that arise during the motion of the system and to balance the weighted ball on the platform. In this study, a ball was placed on a pipe stand as a reference for the calculations, and the stability of the ball was verified through analysis, prototype construction, and testing. The mathematical model describes the components and interactions of an actual system, and a transfer function is derived from this model. The researchers used SolidWorks for 3D modelling and measured the system parameters using various tools and instruments. The toppling condition is calculated based on the mass and size of the ball, and the value of the acceleration at which the ball falls or topples is determined. The study concludes that the value of acceleration should always be less than 12.54 Gal for the ball to not topple.
Assessment of shear bond strength of triplets using different joint thicknesses and mortar types
Authors: PAL Shilpa
Published: February 2025

Abstract. Building structures with brick masonry is the ancient form implementation and is still commonly employed worldwide, despite advances in expertise. Recent investigations are still being conducted to improve the technical and economic performance of masonry. As the mechanical characteristics of ancient masonry might vary significantly from the hypothetical one, it must be properly evaluated to quantify the well-being and usability of actual structures in the context of recuperation and/or seismic dependability valuation. Initially, small-scale assessments were performed to assess the distinct features of binder and brick separately. Investigational research of triplets made using cement and hydraulic lime-based mortars is presented in this paper. This study aimed to explore the performance variation of brick triplets utilizing two dissimilar mortar mixes cement and lime-based mortar and three mortar of 13 mm, 20 mm, and 27 mm thickness respectively. When testing was performed, the results specified that masonry units with a mortar thickness of 27 mm were more prone to shear failure and 13 mm thick specimens, regardless of the type of mortar used, were able to withstand the maximum load before failure. Cement-based mortar triplets were found to withstand 254% more load compared to lime-based mortar in the case of a 13 mm thickness.
Hybrid machine learning models for improved state of health estimation of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles
Authors: Mohanty Namrata
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The operation of electric vehicles (EVs) across diverse conditions requires robust state of health (SOH) estimation models for battery reliability and safety. This research conducts a comprehensive evaluation of lithium-ion battery (LIB) SOH prediction models, examining the impact of varied discharge rates (C/20, 1C, 2C, and 3C) and temperatures (0°C, 25°C, and 35°C). Utilizing a novel univariate mean square error (MSE) feature selection approach with random forest regression (RF), influential degradation factors, including voltage, state of charge (SOC), surface temperature and cycles are identified. Two hybrid machine learning (ML) models, integrating XGBoost (XG) with artificial neural network (ANN) and RF are proposed for SOH estimation, which show enhanced predictive accuracy and scalability. A comparative analysis with additional ML models (RF, AdaBoost, XGBoost, and decision tree) demonstrates superior performance of these proposed hybrid models. At C/20, XG-ANN achieves MSE values of 0.2235, 0.4677, and 1.18 at 5℃, 25℃, and 35℃, while XG-RF records MSE of 0.0312, 0.0006, and 0.0006 at 5℃, 25℃, and 35℃ with an accuracy of 99.99%, showcasing their efficacy in robust SOH estimation. These insights contribute to advancing safe and sustainable battery management in the electric mobility industry.
Mathematical analysis of heat transfer in inclined micro-jet impingement heat sink
Authors: ZUNAID M.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The growing need for more effective cooling techniques in electronic chip systems has increased the demand for viable approaches to address the difficulties linked with heat dispersion. This research thoroughly examines heat exchange within a microchannel using Ansys involving inclined micro-jet impacts. The objective is to investigate the heat-related properties of hexagonal cross-sectional jets, aiming to enhance the cooling efficiency for electronic chip applications. The angle of the jet's inclination remains consistent at 45 degrees to the impact surface. Among the various configurations of microjet arrays studied, the heat sink employing inclined microjet impacts with 13 jets displays exceptional promise compared to alternative setups. This specific array design surpasses the others in terms of its cooling capabilities. The inclined configuration, combined with the optimal quantity of jets, facilitates the creation of potent impact forces, effectively promoting heat transfer at an elevated rate.
Comparison of a Novel Machine Learning–Based Clinical Query Platform With Traditional Guideline Searches for Hospital Emergencies: Prospective Pilot Study of User Experience and Time Efficiency
Authors: Ejaz Hamza , Tsui Hon Lung Keith , Patel Mehul , Ulloa Paredes Luis Rafael , Knights Ellen , Aftab Shah Bakht , Subbe Christian Peter
Published: February 2025

Background

Emergency and acute medicine doctors require easily accessible evidence-based information to safely manage a wide range of clinical presentations. The inability to find evidence-based local guidelines on the trust’s intranet leads to information retrieval from the World Wide Web. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to make evidence-based information retrieval faster and easier.

Objective

The aim of the study is to conduct a time-motion analysis, comparing cohorts of junior doctors using (1) an AI-supported search engine versus (2) the traditional hospital intranet. The study also aims to examine the impact of the AI-supported search engine on the duration of searches and workflow when seeking answers to clinical queries at the point of care.

Methods

This pre- and postobservational study was conducted in 2 phases. In the first phase, clinical information searches by 10 doctors caring for acutely unwell patients in acute medicine were observed during 10 working days. Based on these findings and input from a focus group of 14 clinicians, an AI-supported, context-sensitive search engine was implemented. In the second phase, clinical practice was observed for 10 doctors for an additional 10 working days using the new search engine.

Results

The hospital intranet group (n=10) had a median of 23 months of clinical experience, while the AI-supported search engine group (n=10) had a median of 54 months. Participants using the AI-supported engine conducted fewer searches. User satisfaction and query resolution rates were similar between the 2 phases. Searches with the AI-supported engine took 43 seconds longer on average. Clinicians rated the new app with a favorable Net Promoter Score of 20.

Conclusions

We report a successful feasibility pilot of an AI-driven search engine for clinical guidelines. Further development of the engine including the incorporation of large language models might improve accuracy and speed. More research is required to establish clinical impact in different user groups. Focusing on new staff at beginning of their post might be the most suitable study design.
Contactless Breathing Monitoring at Home and in the Hospital: Protocol for a Low-Cost Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave Radar-Based Device
Authors: Hari Arnav , Kumar Ravishankar , Kumbhani Brijesh , Darshi Sam , Agarwal Satyam , Sahambi Jyotindra Singh , Jain Suksham , Chawla Deepak
Published: February 2025

Background

Contactless monitoring of vital signs, especially the breathing of children, in the hospital is performed on a priority basis because their organs and immune system are immature. Therefore, continuous monitoring of their vital signs with a sensor that is directly attached to their body is not possible, as it irritates the sensitive newborn skin and causes discomfort. A contactless frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar-based device can wirelessly monitor the breathing rate and pattern of a child in the hospital or at home. Signal-processing capability can be added to this device to process breathing data and analyze the apnea condition arising due to irregular breathing patterns.

Objective

This study will develop a contactless FMCW radar-based system to accurately monitor the breathing rate and pattern of neonates and infants in hospitals and at home in order to provide a noninvasive, nonintrusive and contactless alternative to conventional sensor-based methods and address a critical need in neonatal care, potentially improving health outcomes for vulnerable infants.

Methods

The radar transmits a signal toward the body, and the time taken by the signal received to travel from the body to the receiving antenna is analyzed. This time is proportional to the distance between the radar and the body, and the breathing pattern is recognized as a slight, periodic variation in this distance. We will use this concept with multiple antenna systems to monitor the breathing of neonates with improved sensitivity. The radar-based device will be installed, in addition to conventional breathing monitors, in the neonatal intensive care unit. The signals received at the radar and the respiration signals from conventional monitors will be recorded in a database. Signal-processing techniques will be applied to extract breathing signals from the signals received at the radar.

Results

This study was funded in January 2023 by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) of India. The device was designed by May 2024, and a working proof-of concept was verified in the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Ropar laboratory. Implementation of the proposed method for initial study began in December 2024. Results are expected to be published in the first quarter of 2025.

Conclusions

The contactless FMCW radar-based system will provide reliable estimation of the breathing rate and pattern, which is close to the conventional reference device values most of the time. Our device will also provide a seamless breathing-monitoring system to be used both in hospitals and at home for newborns and premature babies until they are fully healthy and fit.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/59532
Experiencias de docentes en La implementación de estrategias didácticas digitales en el programa de medicina de la Universidad de Nariño durante y después del aislamiento por Covid-19
Authors: España Ruiz Andrea Viviana , Ortega Villada Camilo Andrés , Mendez Chacon Jennifer Zorayda
Published: February 2025

A lo largo de la historia de la educación se ha discutido la necesidad de incluir materiales didácticos adecuados para el desarrollo de actividades académicas, en plena era de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación TIC y ante la coyuntura mundial SARS - CoV-2 (COVID-19), la escuela propuso el reto de implementar estrategias didácticas digitales para apoyar los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje en todas las áreas del conocimiento. Sin embargo, surgen algunos interrogantes que merecen ser objeto de análisis puntualmente relacionados con las experiencias de los docentes del ciclo básico del Programa de Medicina de la Universidad de Nariño, en el uso de herramientas digitales durante y posterior al periodo de aislamiento obligatorio por COVID-19 y, en la manera de contribuir a una formación integral fortaleciendo intereses y necesidades del proceso educativo a tal punto de estimular y ofrecer ambientes agradables, transformando la educación en el área de la salud.
La dimensión ambiental en el programa de Ingeniería en Producción Acuícola, universidad de Nariño.
Authors: Guerrero Romero Camilo Lenin , Rosas Santacruz Oscar Fernando , Leonel Hugo Ferney
Published: February 2025

El papel de la universidad es generar espacios de discusión y entendimiento permanente. Por ello, es preciso plantear cambios en los enfoques, contenidos y prácticas vinculadas a cada uno de los programas académicos ofertados por las diferentes Instituciones de Educación Superior desde su propio territorio; así mismo, los docentes adquieren un compromiso con los estudiantes y la sociedad, por cuanto, son ellos a través de sus actos pedagógicos los encargados de dar vida al currículo, que ha de ser diseñado según las necesidades de su contexto. La finalidad de este documento, se enmarca en identificar la Dimensión Ambiental (DA) en el enfoque curricular del programa de Ingeniería en Producción Acuícola (IPA) de la universidad de Nariño; para ello, se realizó análisis documental, entrevistas y prueba de conocimiento a docentes y estudiantes del programa IPA. La presente investigación se desarrolló como un estudio de caso, bajo el paradigma cualitativo, con un enfoque interpretativo. Los hallazgos encontrados muestran que los documentos del programa encaminan tanto en su visión y misión aspectos relacionados al desarrollo sostenible, sin embargo, no se ve reflejado en sus competencias ni micro currículos; por otra parte, los docentes y estudiantes manifiestan su concepción de ambiente como entorno, todo lo que nos rodea y como aspectos bióticos y abióticos. Se concluye que existe una desarticulación e incoherencia entre la propuesta educativa y su desarrollo con respecto a la DA; así mismo, tanto docentes como estudiantes enmarcan sus conocimientos desde una visión naturalista del ambiente.
The Virtual Quantum Device (VQD): A tool for detailed emulation of quantum computers
Authors: Gustiani Cica , Jones Tyson , Benjamin Simon C.
Published: February 2025

We present the Virtual Quantum Device (VQD) platform, a system based on the QuEST quantum emulator. Through the use of VQDs, non-expert users can emulate specific quantum computers with detailed error models, bespoke gate sets and connectivities. The platform boasts an intuitive interface, powerful visualisation, and compatibility with high-performance computation for effective testing and optimisation of complex quantum algorithms or ideas across a range of quantum computing hardware. We create and explore five families of VQDs corresponding to trapped ions, nitrogen-vacancy-centres, neutral atom arrays, silicon quantum dot spins, and superconducting devices. Each is highly configurable through a set of tailored parameters. We showcase the key characteristics of each virtual device, providing practical examples of the tool's usefulness and highlighting each device's specific attributes. By offering user-friendly encapsulated descriptions of diverse quantum hardware, the VQD platform offers researchers the ability to rapidly explore algorithms and protocols in a realistic setting; meanwhile hardware experts can create their own VQDs to compare with their experiments.
Beneficios de la Zona Franca para la Comercialización de Autopartes en mira a la Disminución del Contrabando en la Frontera Colombo-Venezolana *
Authors: Garcia Torres Nelson Emilio , Carrasquilla Rincón María José , Buitrago Gamboa Ángel David
Published: February 2025

Los procesos de internacionalización han sido claves para impulsar las economías globales al permitir que los productos de un país se expandan hacia mercados extranjeros. En este contexto, las zonas francas se destacan como importantes polos de desarrollo regional al facilitar los procesos de exportación e importación. Mencionado esto, el artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los beneficios de la zona franca para la comercialización de autopartes en mira a la disminución del contrabando en la frontera Colombo-venezolana; identificando posibilidades y cómo fortalecer estrategias para impulsar el progreso regional. Se aborda este artículo mediante la revisión sistemática empleando métodos de investigación cualitativa descriptiva de revisión bibliográfica; iniciando con el análisis de los diferentes documentos compilados sobre información general del impacto de comercializar autopartes a través de zonas francas desde una perspectiva integral que abarca la economía, el comercio internacional y las problemáticas sociales en la región. Los principales resultados obtenidos del estudio presentan la importancia de analizar y promover el uso de zonas francas como herramienta para reducir las prácticas ilícitas y fortalecer el desarrollo regional. Finalmente, el artículo refleja que el contrabando es una problemática latente en la región que impacta significativamente en el comercio, la sociedad y la seguridad.
Análisis de la logística verde como estrategia competitiva para el desarrollo del transporte internacional en Colombia
Authors: Tamayo Medina Ana Isabel , Martínez Latorre Kimberly , Contreras Contreras John  Freddy
Published: February 2025

La Logística Verde actúa como una estrategia de gestión esencial para reducir el impacto ambiental generado por las actividades productivas de las empresas. Esto implica la adopción de estrategias innovadoras que permitan a las empresas mantenerse al frente de las tendencias actuales. En este contexto, el objetivo de esta investigación es examinar cómo la logística verde puede servir como una estrategia competitiva que impulse el desarrollo del transporte internacional en Colombia. A través de una investigación cualitativa descriptiva, se examinan fuentes secundarias científicas y se seleccionan 50 estudios relevantes, usando términos clave como "logística verde" y "competitividad". A partir de los resultados, el artículo destaca la necesidad de integrar la responsabilidad social y la gestión ambiental dentro de las cadenas de suministro globales, considerándolas esenciales para el desarrollo sostenible del comercio internacional y la logística. Se sugiere que este enfoque no solo contribuirá a la sostenibilidad ambiental, sino que también ofrecerá ventajas competitivas significativas a las empresas que adopten estas innovaciones.
Memória e espaços seguros de fala: o que trabalhadoras domésticas contam de si?
Authors: De Almeida Moura Flávia , Leda Fonseca Rocha Larissa
Published: February 2025

Apresentamos neste artigo algumas narrativas de vida (Bertaux, 2010) de trabalhadoras domésticas maranhenses. Os relatos fazem parte de uma pesquisa em andamento que busca criar condições de escuta ativa (Lévinas, 2006) junto a um grupo de mulheres mediadas pelo Sindicato de Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras Domésticas do Maranhão. A partir da ideia de Patrícia Collins (2019) de espaços seguros de fala e também na busca de memória como sinal de luta (Portelli, 2000), evidenciamos alguns aspectos encontrados que nos dão pistas para compreender de que formas essas mulheres, ao falarem de si, (re)elaboram, na linguagem, formas de opressão e violações de direitos historicamente vivenciadas por elas. Concluímos que falar de si em espaços seguros de fala gera confiança e faz parte de um processo de resistência em mulheres que foram, historicamente, silenciadas e hoje podem “erguer a voz”, mesmo que grande parte da sociedade machista e patriarcal ainda tenha muita dificuldade de ouvi-las.
Mulheres em Marcha: o Canto das Margaridas que não cessam de lutar
Authors: Teles da Silva Santos Simone , Freire Barbosa Anna Christina , Batista dos Santos Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2025

Este artigo aborda o “Canto das Margaridas”, entoado na 7ª Marcha das Margaridas de 2023, importante movimento de mulheres trabalhadoras rurais no Brasil. Ao longo dos anos, essas marchas se consolidaram como fundamental meio de expressar demandas relacionadas a gênero, terra, trabalho e justiça socioambiental. O movimento busca promover condições mais justas para as mulheres rurais, ampliando suas causas com o uso das músicas e dos gritos de alerta. Analisa-se o “Canto das Margaridas” como uma forma de denunciar questões e desafios enfrentados pelas participantes em sua busca por uma sociedade mais equitativa e sustentável. Para isso, utiliza-se uma abordagem qualitativa, e fundamentados nos aportes de Pêcheux e Maingueneau recorreu-se a análise do discurso dos versos entoados. Para enriquecer essa análise, o artigo dialoga com teóricas como Bell Hooks, Angela Davis, Judith Butler, além de Franz Fanon e Paulo Freire. Essas perspectivas teóricas fornecem uma base crítica para compreender as interseções entre gênero, raça, classe e colonialismo, assim como as pedagogias emancipadoras e críticas que informam a luta das mulheres trabalhadoras rurais nas marchas. A análise destaca a luta por políticas públicas agrárias, com ênfase na questão de gênero, ressaltando sua relevância nas discussões realizadas no Congresso Brasileiro em 2023.
Da inquisição ao mundo do trabalho: a mulher à luz da historicidade
Authors: Araújo Lima Tamires , Miranda Franco Mariano Sangelita , Manoel Coelho Borges Cardoso Flávio
Published: February 2025

Este artigo explorou a trajetória da mulher desde a repressão imposta pela inquisição até sua inserção no mundo do trabalho, percorrendo um período histórico marcado por profundas transformações sociais e culturais. Ele teve como objetivo analisar as transformações sociais, culturais e legais que moldaram a posição das mulheres na sociedade. Por meio de uma análise crítica e embasada em pesquisas historiográficas de Federici, Louro, Scott, hooks, entre outros, o estudo examina as diferentes formas de opressão e resistência vivenciadas pelas mulheres ao longo dos séculos, destacando os desafios e conquistas que marcaram sua luta por emancipação. A pesquisa foi conduzida através de uma revisão bibliográfica detalhada, buscando compreender as dinâmicas de poder e a resistência das mulheres. Realizou-se uma pesquisa narrativa sobre o tema, para analisar a história da mulher, pode-se identificar as raízes da desigualdade de gênero e iluminar o caminho para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária. A análise dos dados coletados permitiu traçar um panorama abrangente da trajetória da mulher, perpassando pelas opressões e perseguições até os avanços na conquista de direitos civis e a sua emancipação. Os achados da pesquisa revelaram que a inquisição foi um período de intensa repressão o que limitou a atuação das mulheres e a inclusão delas no mercado de trabalho foi impulsionada por movimentos sociais e mudanças legislativas. Portanto, esse artigo oferece uma contribuição valiosa para entender a trajetória das mulheres enfatizando a necessidade de ações contínuas para superar as desigualdades persistente.
Relação entre idade e correlações biológicas com a caça na Caatinga da Paraíba
Authors: Vasconcelos-Neto Carlos Frederico Alves , El Bizri Hani Rocha , Morcatty Thaís Queiroz , Fernandes-Ferreira Hugo , Santos Suellen da Silva Santos , Lucena Reinaldo Farias Paiva de
Published: February 2025

A caça é largamente estudada no Continente Africano, contudo no Brasil e, sobretudo, na Caatinga estão em baixo número. Aqui, apresentamos um estudo realizado no município de Lagoa (Nordeste do Brasil) onde entrevistamos 34 caçadores. Identificamos as espécies preferidas localmente e observamos uma frequência média de caça de 5.7 +- 3.8 days/month e forte correlação com a idade do caçador (p < 0.001). Das 70 espécies citadas para consumo, 47 são aves, 20 mamíferos e 3 répteis. A mastofauna foi o grupo de maior destaque, seguido da avifauna e herpetofauna. Dentre as famílias de mamíferos destacaram-se Dasypodidae, Myrmecophagidae e Mephitidae. Para aves, Tinamidae, Columbidae e Anatidae. Os mamíferos mais importantes foram Dasypus novemcinctus, Tamandua tetradactyla e Euphractus sexsinctus, as aves Leptotila verreauxi, Crypturellus tataupa e Crypturellus parvirostris e o réptil Salvator merianae. Identificamos que o VU e está correlacionado ao peso corporal das espécies (p < 0.001). A frequência de caça foi superior a outros estudos possivelmente por termos caçadores vivendo próximos de áreas mais preservadas e com maior disponibilidade e abundância de espécies. Nossos resultados demonstram a importância da caça na alimentação da população e a influência de fatores socioecológicos e culturais na seleção das espécies.
O ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA E O CURRÍCULO DO ENSINO MÉDIO: DESAFIOS E PROPOSTAS PARA AS PRÁTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Lima Honoratho , Fernanda Cantóia Silvia
Published: February 2025

As políticas educacionais têm oportunizado instituições de ensino público ou privado a promoção de programas que fomentem a preservação ambiental, e o currículo traz propostas que podem ser desenvolvidas e ultrapassem barreiras, para além do que está proposto. A problemática da pesquisa surge com a ideia de pensar as inúmeras possibilidades em que o professor da Educação Básica possui para desenvolver projetos que possam despertar nos estudantes a preocupação quanto as questões ambientais. O objetivo do artigo é analisar os possíveis impactos dos projetos desenvolvidos pelo professor da Educação Básica e a importância da disciplina de Geografia para a efetivação da Educação Ambiental. As indagações referentes a estrutura curricular da educação Básica, dão suporte para gerar questionamentos quanto a efetivação das políticas ambientais. E o professor nesse processo, é um mediador, que introduz a temática ambiental aos estudantes como forma de esclarecer os distintos interesses das classes dominantes com relação as políticas educacionais. Os argumentos discutidos na investigação, são contribuições que auxiliaram para o desenvolvimento das atividades realizadas pelos docentes, que podem gerar impactos positivos ou negativos quanto a aplicabilidade do currículo.