bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cuidador familiar de personas esquizofrénicas: sobrecarga y calidad de vida en instituciones psiquiátricas
Authors: Cogollo Milanes Zuleima , Hernandez Bello Ladini Sunanda
Published: August 2021

Introducción: Las personas con esquizofrenia, son cuidadas principalmente por su familia, quienes han asumido un «cuidado informal», lo que puede generar sobrecarga y deterioro en su calidad de vida.  El objetivo de este estudio es establecer la asociación de sobrecarga y calidad de vida en cuidadores familiares de personas con esquizofrenia en dos instituciones psiquiátricas privadas de Cartagena. Métodos:  se diseñó un estudio observacional transversal, 127 cuidadores informales de personas con esquizofrenia con edades entre 18 y 65 años participaron en el estudio. Para evaluar la sobrecarga se utilizó el test de Zarit y para la calidad de vida se aplicó el cuestionario de Ruíz y Baca. Para estimar las asociaciones se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación Spearman y pruebas de Chi2 con un nivel de confianza del 95% y valores de p>0,05. El 78,7%, de los cuidadores informales eran mujeres, pertenecientes al estrato 1 el 39,4%, el 44,1% con estudios de secundaria, la prevalencia de sobrecarga intensa fue de 40,2%. Resultados:  Todos los cuidadores contaban con buen apoyo social, 76,4 estaban satisfecho con las labores que desarrollan y el 79,5% percibe buena calidad de vida. No hubo asociación entre sobre carga y calidad de vida Chi cuadrado 0,14 y p>0,05. Conclusiones: no hubo asociación entre sobrecarga y calidad de vida de cuidadores informales de personas con esquizofrenia, la mayoría de los cuidadores presentan sobrecarga intensa.
Migrainous Infarction with Adjacent Cortical Enhancement
Authors: Yoon In-Ho , Yun Seung-Hoon , Song Young-Mok
Published: August 2021

A 26-year old woman developed left homonymous superior quadrantanopia followed by severe pulsating headache with vomiting. Thereafter, she experienced recurrent left hemiparesis and paresthesia with or without headache. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed diffusion restriction in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery and contrast enhancement in the right lingual gyrus adjacent to the diffusion-restricted region. This case suggests an occurrence of cerebral infarction and blood-brain barrier disruption associated with migraine with aura.
Clinical Features of Genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with E200K Mutation
Authors: Kim Jiyoung , Lee Gha-Hyun , Cho Jae Wook , Kim Hyun-Woo , Jung Dae Soo
Published: August 2021

Although genetic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder, cases of genetic CJD with E200K mutation are being increasingly reported in Korea. However, the clinical features and course of genetic CJD with E200K mutation in Korea remain unclear. We describe the clinical features and course of genetic CJD with E200K mutation in a patient who initially presented with rapid progressive memory impairment and myoclonus.
Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome Related to CHRNA1 Variant
Authors: Ahn June Woo , Hwang Su-Keong , Kim Jae-Hyung , Jung Hoon , Park Jin-Sung
Published: August 2021

Congenital myasthenic syndromes are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders linked by abnormal signal transmission at the motor endplate caused by various genetic defects. Major clinical symptoms include weakness and fatigue during the first years of life but patients may also present with hypotonia, facial weakness, swallowing difficulties, respiratory dysfunction, ptosis and ophthalmoparesis. Here we report a 10-year-old boy who presented with mild developmental delay and bilateral ptosis caused by a frameshift mutation in the CHRNA1 gene that co-segregated within the family, and finally diagnosed as autosomal dominant congenital myasthenic syndrome.
Effect of Coffee, Tobacco, and Alcohol on Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Seol Wongi , Kim Hyejung , Son Ilhong
Published: August 2021

Since the neuroprotective effects of coffee and tobacco on Parkinson’s disease have been reported more than 50 years ago, clinical studies using caffeine and nicotine that were presumed as effective components of coffee and tobacco, respectively, are being actively executed. However, most results failed to show significant differences between the tested and control groups, and some studies revealed contradictory results to the neuroprotection. The reason for this might be that the effective components are something other than nicotine or caffeine, and/or differences to design the clinical trials such as patients recruiting, prescribed amount and period, and analyzed criteria etc. The review summarizes recent results for effect of coffee, tobacco as well as alcohol, representatives of indulgent food, on Parkinson’s disease.
The Etiologies of Altered Level of Consciousness in the Emergency Department: Before versus after Coronavirus Disease-19
Authors: Kim Dong Hwan , Jeon Jae Cheon , Kim In-Cheol , Kim Yaerim , Cho Yong Won , Kim Keun Tae
Published: August 2021

Background: Altered level of consciousness (ALC) is a challenging condition in the emergency department (ED). We evaluated the clinical characteristics, causes, and prognosis of adult patients presenting with ALC at an ED of a university hospital.Methods: The medical records of patients with ALC who visited the ED of a university hospital from February 2019 to November 2020 were reviewed to compare before and after the outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in Daegu, South Korea. The cause of ALC, its classification, the patients’ destinations, and prognosis were carefully decided and compared.Results: A total of 1,851 patients with ALC in ED consisted of 1,068 before COVID-19 (BC; to February 17th, 2020) and 783 after COVID-19 (AC; from February 18th, 2020) were investigated. The all-time leading cause of ALC in ED was systemic infection (29.2% in BC, 25.0% in AC), followed by metabolic cause (21.0%) in BC and stroke (18.4%) in AC. Extra-cerebral etiologies of ALC were 1,206 (65.1%). The overall mortality of ALC in ED was 12.3%, consisting of 11.0% in BC and 14.2% in AC. During the daytime (07:00 to 18:59), patients in overall 1,179 patients (63.7%) with ALC visited ED, consisted of 665 (62.3%) in BC and 514 (65.5%) in AC.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the extra-cerebral etiologies as the major causes of ALC in the ED. And there have been shifts in the etiology of ALC in ED.
Laterality of Skin Temperature Depending on Sensory Symptoms in Patient with Wallenberg Syndrome
Authors: Han Ji Eun , Min Sun Ki , Oh Jinyoung , Kim Taemin , Han Sang Won , Lee Woo Yong , Baik Jong Sam
Published: August 2021

Background: Wallenberg’s syndrome (WS) is caused by dorsal lateral medulla infarction. Clinical symptoms include hoarseness, dysphagia, sensory disturbance, vertigo, ataxia, and Horner’s syndrome. Recently, lateral difference of body surface temperature (BST) has been reported as a symptom of WS, resulting from the disturbances of the sympathetic nerve tract. Although sensory dysfunction is the major symptoms of WS, there is no evidence that BST influences these symptoms. We sought to evaluate the relationship between BST and sensory symptoms in WS using infrared thermography.Methods: Patients with WS within 7 days of symptom onset from June 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled. Infrared thermography was conducted at 7±30 days and 90±30 days after the onset of stroke. Laterality of BST was defined as being positive when macroscopically different and discrepancy >0.5°C in thermography.Results: The final analyses included 12 patients with a mean age of 59.9±11.85 years. Sensory symptoms in nine patients were most often described as numbness (56%), cold (44%), burning (33%), and heaviness (11%). Of these, burning symptoms lasted at 100%, cold 75%, and numbness 50% during 3 months follow-up. All patients with sensory dysfunction showed lateral BST differences. The BST laterality persisted in patients with remaining sensory dysfunction at 3 months follow-up.Conclusions: All patients with sensory dysfunction in WS showed lateral BST differences which was detected with thermography. Laterality of BST and sensory dysfunction in WS might be associated with the disturbance of the connecting pathway of skin blood flow descending from the rostral ventrolateral medulla.
The Role of Neurologists in Pain Management – Based on the Survey Conducted by the Korean Neurological Association in 2020
Authors: Choi Kyomin , Kwon Ohyun , Kim Sang Beom , Minn Yang-Ki , Park Kee Duk , Suh Bum Chun , Seo Jong-Geun , Sohn Eunhee , Oh Gun Sei , Oh Jeeyoung , Lee Kwang Soo , Lee Dong Kuck , Jeong Jong-pil , Cho Soo Jin , Cho Soohyun , Han Young Su , Joo In Soo
Published: August 2021

Background: Pain is one of the most common chief complaints in neurological field. Authors try to inform the current situation of pain medicine in neurological practice and present an effective method for pain-related education during neurology residency and for practicing neurologists.Methods: A survey was conducted from November 16 to November 27, 2020 for members of the Korean Neurological Association, and the results were analyzed.Results: About two-thirds of neurologists replied that more than 25% of their patients were suffered from diverse pain including headache, spine pain or neuropathic pain. Despite many patients are visiting to neurologist for pain treatment, most neurologists are aware that they have not received sufficient practical pain education in the past and present. Therefore, they want more educational opportunities in pain medicine including interventional pain management and physical and pharmacologic therapies for more effective treatment.Conclusions: More follow-up studies on pain treatment and education should be conducted. It is also essential that the members of the society continue to interest and participate in the change of the pain education program.
Percepciones sobre la corresponsabilidad entre el estado ecuatoriano y las familias en el cuidado de las personas mayores
Authors: Celi Medina Patricia
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo analiza las percepciones sobre la práctica de la corresponsabilidad entre Estado y familia, dispuesta por la Constitución ecuatoriana, para garantizar el bienestar de las personas mayores. Este objetivo se alcanzó mediante un estudio cualitativo con base en entrevistas semiestructuradas con personas responsables de la formulación y ejecución de políticas y servicios de cuidado para personas mayores, y con personas cuidadoras de sus parientes mayores. El estudio fue abordado a través del acercamiento teórico en torno a los orígenes de las desigualdades sociales y de género que se derivan de la organización social del cuidado y del desarrollo de los regímenes de bienestar en América Latina. Los resultados indican que existe un imaginario generalizado, asociado a la deuda moral en torno al cuidado y a las supuestas características innatas de las mujeres, que localiza a la familia como un sistema natural de cuidados. Mientras tanto, el rol del Estado se reduce a la protección social básica de las personas mayores en situación de exclusión social. Para las familias, se normaliza entonces como una realidad  ineludible, una función pública débil en la socialización de los cuidados. Por su parte, desde el Estado, se sobreestima la capacidad de cuidado no remunerado de las familias, negando e invisibilizando sus demandas.
Factors associats als tipus de cures domiciliàries de les persones en situació de dependència funcional a Barcelona
Authors: Julià Albert
Published: August 2021

Les cures de les persones en situació de dependència funcional sovint són font de dificultats i desigualtats en les societats conegudes com a familistes. L’objectiu d’aquest article és identificar els perfils de les cuidadores i cuidadors de les persones en situació de dependència funcional, així com quines són les característiques que fan augmentar la probabilitat que rebin diferents tipus de cures domiciliàries. Per dur a terme aquesta anàlisi s’ha utilitzat la base de dades de l’Enquesta de Persones en Situació de Dependència Funcional (EPSD) realitzada el 2018 a la ciutat de Barcelona. Les dades mostren que hi ha una feminització generalitzada dels perfils professionals del personal cuidador (ja sigui d’àmbit públic o privat), així com en l’àmbit familiar, especialment quan es tracta de la persona cuidadora principal. Les llars amb ingressos elevats tenen una probabilitat més alta d’utilitzar serveis de cura de pagament, i les persones que viuen soles tenen menys probabilitat de rebre ajuda familiar i més de rebre ajudes per part dels serveis de l’Ajuntament. Els resultats mostren la necessitat d’intensificar les polítiques de cures, en especial en les llars amb menys recursos, en les que hi viuen persones amb  dependència soles, i en les que es té com a principal persona cuidadora un familiar d’edat avançada.
Atención sociosanitaria a personas mayores como posibilidad de inserción sociolaboral en el barrio del Cabanyal-Canyamelar-Cap de França de Valencia
Authors: Vicente Rabanaque Teresa , Pérez Alonso Yaiza
Published: August 2021

El Diagnóstico participado sobre las necesidades formativas y de empleo del barrio del Cabanyal-Canyameral-Cap de França, encargado por el Ayuntamiento de Valencia en 2018, permitió identificar, a través de un estudio socioantropológico, las prioridades y demandas formativas y ocupacionales dirigidas a personas en exclusión y riesgo de exclusión social del barrio, que fueron las protagonistas de la investigación. Entre las líneas de trabajo propuestas durante el proceso participativo, la atención sociosanitaria fue desatacada por los distintos agentes sociales participantes como un sector potencial de empleo.A partir del contexto particular del barrio y de la información cualitativa recopilada, en este artículo profundizaremos en las necesidades, limitaciones y expectativas vinculadas con el ámbito de los cuidados, principalmente, de personas mayores, a partir de los discursos de los agentes del barrio, personas en situación vulnerable o colectivos de exclusión social. Tradicionalmente ha sido un sector fuertemente feminizado que ha favorecido un modelo de cuidado informal e invisibilizado. Desde el re conocimiento de estas circunstancias, analizaremos la repercusión de la Administración local para fomentar el empleo entre colectivos del barrio en situación de vulnerabilidad, dentro del sector ocupacional de los cuidados. El establecimiento de perfiles e itinerarios formativos adaptados a las particularidades demandadas será clave para garantizar la viabilidad y efectividad de las propuestas recogidas en el diagnóstico.
A relevância do desenvolvimento local para a promoção do florescimento humano na doença de Alzheimer (Portugal)
Authors: Carrilho da Silva Joana
Published: August 2021

Em 2018, 1,88% da população portuguesa foi diagnosticada com demência. Até 2050 prevê-se um aumento de pessoas com este diagnóstico para os 3,82%, em grande medida, devido ao envelhecimento da população. O presente artigo visa mostrar como, em Portugal, existe a necessidade de criar soluções a partir de iniciativas de desenvolvimento local, para promover o bem-estar e qualidade de vida de pessoas com Alzheimer. Apresentamos uma análise comparada entre uma organização de ação nacional (Alzheimer Portugal) e uma clínica local privada (NeuroSer), por forma a compreender as dinâmicas relacionais que envolvem pessoas com Alzheimer (comunidade, profissionais de saúde, cuidadores informais/familiares) e o tipo de soluções que são apresentadas em Portugal.
Boas práticas de educação para a gestão dos riscos de desastres na Bacia do Itajaí e a construção da resiliência do direito pela integração de políticas públicas munichipais
Authors: Scherer Katia Ragnini
Published: August 2021

The theme deals with the study of good educational practices for disaster risk management identified in the cities that integrate the Itajaí-SC River Basin and its assimilation into the Municipal Education Plans. The objective is to reflexively analyze the resilience of the right based on the existence (or not) of municipal education experiences for disaster risk management in the school environment of early childhood and elementary education and their inclusion in the Municipal Education Plans, based on the preventive matrix and integration of public policies. It is an empirical research, carried out by the systemic-functional method and the one with documentation technique, as a possibility to answer whether the education practices for disaster risk management existing in the municipalities of the Itajaí River Basin Basin  were assimilated or not by the respective Municipal Plans of Education at the level of early childhood and elementary education, to build the resilience of the Law in coping with disasters in a territory of high vulnerability to disasters. The contributions of the study indicate possibilities of building the resilience of the Law in the face of disasters, interconnecting the National Civil Protection and Defense and Education policies to overcome local vulnerabilities to disasters in a recursive movement of a “global look” and a “local action”. However, the quantitative and qualitative results point to the necessary implementation and integration between disaster risk management practices, public policies, and legislation in the municipalities of the Itajaí River Basin and reveal high vulnerability and low resilience.
Jurisprudencia ambiental en La Rioja (primer semestre de 2021)
Authors: Santamaría Arinas René Javier
Published: August 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en La Rioja (primer semestre de 2021)
Jurisprudencia ambiental en la Comunidad de Madrid (Primer semestre 2021)
Authors: Entrena Ruiz Daniel Bruno
Published: August 2021

Jurisprudencia ambiental en la Comunidad de Madrid (Primer semestre 2021)
Mobile Notary DC Maryland Virginia v1
Authors: not provided dmvnotarymobiledc
Published: August 2021

Looking For aNotary Services Near Me DC, Maryland or Virginia? NeedNotary Near MeDC or Maryland? 24 Hour Mobile Notary DC MD & VA; DMV Notary Mobile.Traveling Notariesthat Comes to You. Notarizing Power of Attorney, Wills, Deeds, Escrow Documents, Financial Documents, Contracts, Loan Signings, Affirmations, Oaths, Apostille Services and Authentications
Analysis on the Translation of Mao Zedong’s 2nd Poem in “送瘟神 ‘sòng wēn shén’” by Arthur Cooper in the Light of “Three Beauties” Theory
Authors: Lei Pingli , Liu Yi
Published: August 2021

Based on “Three Beauties” theory of Xu Yuanchong, this paper conducts an analysis on Arthur Cooper’s translation of “送瘟神”(2nd poem) from three aspects: the beauty of sense, sound and form, finding that, because of his lack of empathy for the original poem, Cooper fails to convey the connotation of the original poem, the rhythm and the form of the translated poem do not match Chinese classical poetry, with three beauties having not been achieved. Thus, the author proposes that, in order to better spread the culture of Chinese classical poetry and convey China’s core spirit to the world, China should focus on cultivating the domestic talents who have a deep understanding about Chinese culture, who are proficient not only in Chinese classical poetry, but also in classical poetry translation.
Pragmatic Analysis of Presidential Campaign Manifestos of Muhammadu Buhari and Donald Trump
Authors: Ikechukwu-Ibe Chioma Juliet , Aboh Sopuruchi Christian , Agbedo Christopher Uchenna
Published: August 2021

The study examines the presidential campaign manifestos of Presidents Muhammadu Buhari of the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 2015 and Donald Trump of the United States of America in 2016. Specifically, it sets out to analyse these presidents’ campaign speech promises on security using the cooperative principle, ascertain the conformity of their promises on job creation to the theory of cooperative principle. The study also sets out to examine the two presidents’ campaign promises on health care using the theory of cooperative principle. Using the secondary source as method of data collection, the analysis is based on one of the tenets of the Gricean (1975) Cooperative Principle- maxim of quality. The study, therefore, adopts Paul Grice’s (1975) Cooperative Principle (CP) as its theoretical framework. The findings of the study suggest that both Presidents Muhammadu Buhari and Donald Trump observed the conversational maxim of quality at some point in their presidential campaign speech promises on security, job creation and health care, but violated it at some other point.  In all, the maxim of quality as a conversational rule was not fairly observed by both presidents in their presidential campaign manifestos in 2015 and 2016 respectively.
Methodological Problems of Evidential Description of Psychological and Social Practices
Authors: Busygina N.P. , Podushkina T.G. , Zevina D.A.
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the challenges of implementing an evidence-based approach in the field of psychological and social practices. The role of the “Standard of Evidence of Social Practices in the Sphere of Childhood” for the formation of a complex of collaborating science-based practice and practice-oriented science is considered. Four key areas of practice analysis are discussed: the regulation of practice, its validity, the effectiveness of practice (achievement of social results), the validity of data on the social results of practice. Based on the experience of expertise, the authors highlight several methodological difficulties faced by developers of practices in the process of their evidence-based description and presentation: difficulties in highlighting the essence of interventions that lead to change; difficulties in finding theoretical foundations for practices; lack of skills in building a logical framework; difficulties in finding research tools to assess the effects of practices. As an example of a successful, in the opinion of the authors, resolution of these methodological difficulties, a description of the social practice “Do not spill the water” (as in meaning “Thick as Thieves”) of the Charity Foundation “Our Children”.
The Overview of International Research on the Effects of Being a Child in the Conditions of Institutionalisation: How to Achieve Positive Results
Authors: Semya G.V.
Published: August 2021

The review is devoted to research in the field of institutionalization of children left without parental care, and aims to determine what improvements can be made to ensure the best result in the development of children in these conditions. The current model of institutionalization based on deprivation, negative factors of development, seems limited and outdated. The results of the research are considered within the framework of the bioecological model of development of W. Bronfenbrenner. The analysis of publications shows that there is convincing evidence that the quality of institutional care at the exosystem level has a significant impact on the well-being of children and provides long-term positive results in the physical, cognitive, behavioral and emotional development of the child. The review shows that when institutional care is combined with certain protective factors, it does not always lead to negative consequences in the child’s development. Countries that set higher standards of institutional care for children, and specialists who apply measures that correspond to the identified predictors of full-fledged development, can see that institutional care can be a viable option when adequate care based on a foster family is not possible.
Effective Modalities for Healing from Campus Sexual Assault: Centering the Experiences of Women of Color Undergraduate Student Survivors
Authors: HARRIS JESSICA C. , KARUNARATNE NADEEKA , GUTZWA JUSTIN A.
Published: August 2021

In this article, Jessica C. Harris, Nadeeka Karunaratne, and Justin A. Gutzwa examine the modalities Women of Color student survivors perceive as helpful in healing from campus sexual assault. Existing scholarship on healing from campus sexual assault largely relies on the reduction of psychological symptoms of trauma, an understanding that is often race-neutral and founded on the narratives of white women. Centering the experiences of 34 Women of Color undergraduate student survivors, this qualitative study reimagines healing through a race-conscious lens and positions it as a community-oriented and culturally contextual process that is often at odds with the ways US institutions of higher education aim to support survivors of sexual assault on their campuses. The authors’ findings guide implications for how institutions and individuals can account for and support student survivors’ multiple and intersecting identities in their healing journeys and also inform future research that centers minoritized students’ experiences with sexual assault in postsecondary contexts.
Ekstraksi Kolagen Kulit Ikan Tuna Sirip Kuning (Thunnus albacares) menggunakan Enzim Pepsin dan Papain
Authors: Nurjanah Nurjanah , - Taufan Ichza Baharuddin , Nurhayati Tati
Published: August 2021

Kolagen merupakan senyawa protein rantai panjang yang tersusun atas asam amino alanina, arginina, lisina, glisina, prolina, serta hiroksiprolina. Kolagen merupakan protein jaringan ikat yang dapat dihasilkan dari limbah kulit ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan karakteristik kolagen yang diekstraksi dengan metode enzimatis. Metode penelitian terbagi menjadi dua tahap yaitu tahap ekstraksi enzim pepsin dari lambung ikan tuna sirip kuning dan tahap ekstraksi kolagen kulit tuna dengan metode enzimatis. Enzim pepsin yang diekstraksi dari lambung tuna sirip kuning memiliki nilai aktivitas spesifik 8.680 U/mg. Waktu perendaman dengan NaOH terbaik adalah 12 jam. Waktu hidrolisis kulit dengan asam asetat terbaik adalah 72 jam. Kolagen larut papain memiliki bobot molekul 310 kDa, gugus fungsi amida A, B, I, II, dan III,dengan rendemen 2,13%. Kolagen larut pepsin sebagian memiliki bobot 328 kDa, gugus fungsi amida A, I, II, dan III, dengan rendemen 0,8%.
Projection of Impaired Life Expectancy for Individuals in the United Kingdom Using Estimated Excess Death Rates
Authors: Jones David Bowen , Gray Nicole R. , Reid Madeleine , Scott William F.
Published: August 2021

We have recently constructed tables of the estimated life expectancies of impaired lives on the basis of mortality ratios and the cohort life expectancy tables given in the 8th edition of the Ogden Tables, which are derived from the ONS 2018-based population projections for the United Kingdom.1,2

The life expectancy of impaired lives may also be estimated using excess death rates. In this paper, we give tables of life expectancies for impaired lives using a range of excess death rates for males and females from age 0 to age 100. As both mortality ratios and excess death rates are widely used in medical and legal settings, it is hoped that these additional tables of life expectancies will be of practical value.
Silane-Functionalized Polymers Using "Click Chemistry" for Surface Applications
Authors:   , Nantz Jacob Michael , Li Christopher Y.
Published: August 2021

PET-RAFT and photoiniferter polymerizations were used to synthesize low dispersity (Đ) copolymers of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEMA) which were then modified using two successive "click" reactions. The polymerization and first "click" reaction, the azide-epoxy ring-opening, steps were done using a one-pot method, with the "click" reaction using stoichiometric amounts of azide and epoxy at 40 °C. Copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions (CuAAC) were then conducted with Cu(0) to install a series of 4-silyl-1,2,3-triazoles as pendant groups on the polymer. Finally, a series of increasing size silane-functionalized polymers (trimethyl, -ethyl, and -isopropyl) were explored against both acidic and basic deblocking conditions to evaluate their stability. SEC analysis indicates that all three polymers were stable under basic deblocking conditions with K2CO3 in methanol, however, either aggregation or crosslinking of samples during acidic deblocking with 50/50 vol. % TFA/DCM prevents an accurate analysis of stability. The silane linkage stability is a crucial part of their applicability for low surface energy applications.
Személyre szabott antiepileptikum-választás
Authors: Altmann Anna
Published: August 2021

Az epilepszia az egyik leggyakoribb gyermekkori krónikus neurológiai betegség. Az epilepsziás betegek – még az úgynevezett jóindulatú epilepszia esetén is – évekig gyógy­szeres kezelésre szorulnak. Ez idő alatt a gyermekek na­gyon nagy változáson mennek keresztül, nemcsak a súlyuk és testmagasságuk gyarapszik, de változnak a hormonális és az anyagcsere-folyamataik is. Életkorok szerint eltérő ütemben zajlanak a különböző agyi területek érési folyamatai is. A mindennapi gyakorlatban az epilepszia diagnózisát követően a legtöbbször a formakör és a rohamtípus alapján választunk gyógyszert. A terápiás stratégia kialakításakor azonban számtalan egyéb tényezőt is figyelembe kell venni: 1. hatékonyság (epilepszia-formakör, rohamtípus), 2. életkor, nem, 3. a gyógyszer farmakológiai tulajdonságai, 4. az adott gyógyszer mellék­hatásprofilja, 5. életforma, alkat (kövér, sovány, gyermek­közösség), 6. egyéb társbetegségek (etethetőség, viselke­dési és tanulási probléma, keringési zavar, vese- vagy májbetegség) 7. a már alkalmazott egyéb gyógyszerekkel várható interakciók, 8. genetika, 9. egyéb szempontok (törzskönyvi szabályok, felírási szokások). A közlemény annak eldöntésében szeretne segítséget nyújtani, hogy a különböző társbetegségek esetén egy adott gyermeknél mely antiepileptikumoktól várható a legkeve­sebb mellékhatás, és mely készítményeket kellene lehe­tőség szerint kerülni.
Performance analysis of adsorption refrigeration system using silicagel/methanol pair: experimental & analytical approaches
Authors: SONI Palash , GABA Vivek
Published: August 2021

An adsorption refrigeration system (ARS) working on silica-gel/methanol pair has been investigated analytically and experimentally. By applying the mass balance in the adsorber bed the mechanism of adsorption in the thermal compressor with respect to time and bed length was determined. An experimental analysis was performed using a thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) to evaluate the mass transfer coefficient and optimum cycle time for silica-gel/ methanol pair at different working temperatures. The Diffusion coefficient Ds and Activation energy Ea for silica-gel/methanol pair were found 2.55 × 10–4 m2/s and 83.08 KJ/mol. Further,
the results of variation of regeneration temperature on the performance of the system in terms of COP (Coefficient of Performance) and SCP (Specific Cooling Power) was evaluated; the maximum average theoretical COP and SCP achieved by the system was 0.5 and 102 W/kg near about 127°C regeneration temperature.
Enhancement of household refrigerator energy efficiency by studying the effect of refrigerant charge and capillary tube length
Authors: GUGULOTHU S.k.
Published: August 2021

Experiments were carried out initially by considering pure R134a and hydrocarbon refrigerant mixtures such as (R290/R600a) (HCM1 44/56, HCM2 50/50, HCM3 54/46, HCM4 64/36, and HCM5 74/26 wt %). Tests are conducted at the atmospheric temperature of 30°C in a domestic refrigerator system. The performance parameters such as pull-down time, desired effect, power consumption, and running cost of the system are to be analysed at different evaporator
temperatures, the mass of refrigerant and varying length of capillary tubes. To evaluate the refrigeration effect, Power consumption and COP of the domestic refrigerator at various freezer temperatures (–9°C, –12°C & –15°C) were selected. Results report that out of all the alternative mixtures the amount of energy input was less consumed in the case of HCM1 at a minimal expansion length of 6.3 mm. In the case of HCM5, the least energy was consumed at a capillary length of 5.24 mm whereas in the case of R134a it was at 3.3 mm.
THE EFFECTS OF DAILY BREAKFAST CONSUMPTION ON GROWTH IN TURKISH STUDENTS
Authors: Özkeçeci Coskun Firat , Balamtekin Necati , Ekici Emine Merve , Ünay Bülent
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE: Breakfast, defined as the most important meal of the day, contributed significantly to the daily nutrient intake and energy requirements. The importance of breakfast on growth is known. In this study, we aimed to determine whether primary and secondary school children receive adequate and balanced nutrition at breakfast, to assess the adequacy of their nutritional and energy values in their breakfast.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively reviewed the data of 105 students who were followed up between 31 January 2018 and 31 July 2018 in 3 different districts of Ankara. Children aged between 6-15 years were evaluated in the study. BEBIS (Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi) was used for food consumption, amount and content of the nutrients that students received at breakfast.RESULTS: A total of 105 students' (52 girls, 53 boys) a mean age of 11.5 (range, 6 - 15) years and with a mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 19.17 (range 14.11 - 29.14) were determined. Average energy intake during the weekdays was 378.96 ± 131.64 kcal for weekdays, while average energy intake during the weekends was 625.68 ± 162.12 kcal. At the weekends, the amount of energy and nutrients intake of the students were found to be higher than on weekdays.CONCLUSIONS: We emphasized that breakfast is important to supply daily food and energy needs and it is important for physical growth.
DİŞ HEKİMLERİNİN İŞLE İLGİLİ HASTALIKLARA YAKLAŞIMLARI VE KİŞİSEL KORUYUCU DONANIM KULLANIMLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Tuncer Kara Kevser , Deveci S. Erhan , Oğuzöncül Ayşe Ferdane
Published: August 2021

AMAÇ: Pandemi yaşadığımız bu günlerde özellikle sağlık çalışanlarının iş hastalıkları ile ilgili riski artmıştır. Kişisel koruyucu donanım (KKD) kullanımı bu riski önlemenin yollarından biridir. Diş hekimleri hastalarla yakın temas halindedir. Bu çalışmada, diş hekimlerinin iş ile ilgili hastalıklara yaklaşımlarının ve bu hastalıklardan korunmak amacıyla KKD kullanımı durumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Kesitsel tipte olan çalışmanın evrenini Elazığ il merkezinde çalışan 177 diş hekimi oluşturmuş, evrenin %88.7’sine (157 kişiye) ulaşılarak literatür kaynaklı anket uygulanmıştır.BULGULAR: Diş hekimlerinin yaş ortalaması 34.32±11.10 olup, %59.9’u (94 kişi) erkek, %40.1’i (63kişi) kadındır. %84.7’si (133 kişi) önceden iş ile ilgili hastalıklar hakkında eğitim almış, %87.3’ü (137 kişi) iş ile ilgili bir kaza geçirdiğini ifade etmiş, bunların ancak %16.8’i (23 kişi) bildirimde bulunmuştur. Mesleki süreçte %6.4’ü (10 kişi) bulaşıcı hastalıklara karşı herhangi bir bağışıklama yaptırmamış, %3.2’si (5 kişi) en az bir bulaşıcı etkene maruz kaldığını bildirmiştir. Yine %20.4’ü meslek hastalığıyla ilgili bir tanısı olduğunu, %51.0’ı KKD ile ilgili eğitim aldığını, %80.9’u ise işi ile ilgili KKD kullandığını belirtmiştir. Yaş, çalışma süreleri ve günlük bakılan hasta sayısı arttıkça meslek hastalığı tanısı alma sıklıklarının arttığı, erkeklerde iş kazası geçirme sıklığının daha fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. İş ile ilgili hastalıklar ve önlenmesi konusunda eğitim alanların KKD kullanım sıklıklarının daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür.SONUÇ: Sonuç olarak diş hekimlerinin iş ile ilgili kaza geçirme ve sağlık problemi yaşama sıklıkları yüksek bulunmuş, bulaşıcı hastalıklarla ilgili tedbirleri ve KKD kullanım durumları yetersiz görülmüştür.
AFYONKARAHİSAR SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ TERAPÖTİK AFEREZ MERKEZİ TROMBOSİT AFEREZ İŞLEMİ SONUÇLARININ RETROSPEKTİF OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Aşlar Öner Deniz , Çağlı Adnan , Perdecier Cem , Yavaşoğlu Filiz , Eker İbrahim
Published: August 2021

AMAÇ: Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi, Terapötik Aferez Merkezi’ne başvuran ve trombosit aferez bağışçısı olarak uygun bulunan sağlıklı kişilerin demografik kayıtlarının değerlendirilmesi ve laboratuvar parametreleri ile elde edilen ürün özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Hastanemiz Terapötik Aferez Merkezi’ne Ocak 2018-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında trombosit aferez bağışçısı olmak için başvuran aferez bağışçıları değerlendirilmiştir. İşlem için uygun bulunan bağışçıların demografik özellikleri, laboratuvar parametreleri, işlem ve elde edilen ürün özellikleri incelenmiştir.BULGULAR: Çalışmamıza 480 aferez bağışçısı dâhil edilmiştir. Bağışçıların 455’inin (%95) erkek, 25 (%5)’inin kadın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En fazla bağışçı 18-25 yaş aralığında olup ortalama kiloları 80,3 kg’dir. En yaygın kan grubunun A Rh (+) (%42) olduğu, ardından O Rh (+) (%26) ve B Rh (+) (%13) kan gruplarının takip ettiği görülmüştür. Bağışçıların ortalama trombosit değeri 252.4±46x103/μL, ortalama lökosit 7.6±1.8 x103/μL, ortalama hemoglobin 15.7±1.1 g/dL ve ortalama hematokrit %45.5±3.07’dir. Ürün verileri ele alındığında tek ünite aferez trombosit süspansiyonu alınanların sayısı 42 iken, çift ünite trombosit süspansiyonu alınanların sayısı 379 olarak tespit edilmiştir.SONUÇ: Hastanemize başvuran 480 bağışçıdan çift ünite trombosit süspansiyonu toplananların sayısının oldukça yüksek bulunması, bağışçıların ortalama trombosit değerleriyle korele olduğunu göstermektedir. Erkek bağışçıların sayısının kadın bağışçılara göre oldukça yüksek bulunması, erkek bağışçıların damar yapısının kadın bağışçılara göre daha iyi olduğunun göstergesi olabilir.
EVALUATION OF ANTERIOR SEGMENT PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH KERATOCONUS WITH PENTACAM DEVICE
Authors: Kaşıkcı Murat , Eroğul Özgür , Eryiğit Eroğul Leyla
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE: It was aimed to evaluate the changes observed in the anterior segment parameters in patients with keratoconus using Pentacam device according to the severity of the disease and to compare the determined results with those obtained from the healthy individuals.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data obtained by the Pentacam device for 104 eyes of 52 keratoconus patients and 120 eyes of 60 healthy individuals were retrospectively evaluated. Demographic features of the patients, the corneal curvature of the anterior and posterior surface, the asphericity and the elevation values (K1, K2, corneal astigmatism, and average asphericity), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), apex corneal thickness (ACT), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and anterior chamber volume (ACV) outcomes were recorded.RESULTS: The average age was 30.8±11.6 years in the Keratoconus group (22 Female, 30 Male) and 32.4±12.4 years in the control group (26 Female, 34 Male). The groups were compatible with each other in terms of age and gender (p=0.32, p=0.89, respectively). In the classification based on keratometry readings, keratoconus level was grouped as mild in 63 eyes, medium in 26 eyes, and severe in 15 eyes. In keratoconus patients, there was a significant difference in curvature, asphericity, and elevation values of the corneal anterior and posterior surfaces between the groups (p<0.001). TCT was the highest in the mild group and lowest in the severe group, and the difference between the groups was significant (p<0.05). ACD was 3.21±0.34 in the mild group, 3.27±0.26 in the medium group, and 3.79±0.53 in the severe group, and the difference was also significant (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Significant changes in the values of curvature, asphericity, and elevation of both corneal anterior and posterior surfaces and the parameters of the anterior segment of the cornea are observed with the progression of keratoconus.
TIP FAKÜLTESİ 5. VE 6. SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN KLİNİK BECERİ EĞİTİMİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Hussein Yousef , Taslidere Bahadir
Published: August 2021

AMAÇ: Tıp fakültelerinde pratik uygulamalara dayalı, aktif katılımlı, öğrenci odaklı bir eğitim modeli ile başarılı ve donanımlı hekimler yetiştirmek hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmada tıp fakültesi 5. ve 6. sınıf öğrencilerinin, pratik uygulamalar konusunda bulundukları düzeyleri ve düşüncelerini öğrenerek, eğitimlerde eksik olan kısımların gözden geçirilip yeni bir eğitim içeriği hazırlanmasına katkıda bulunulması amaçlanmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma üniversitemiz tıp fakültesi 2019 - 2020 eğitim öğretim yılında, tüm 5. ve 6. sınıf öğrencilerine ulaşılması hedeflenerek yapılmıştır. Soru formları öğrenci karnelerindeki pratik uygulamalar dikkate alınarak hazırlanmıştır.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya 6.sınıftan 87 öğrenci ve 5.sınıftan 73 öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 160 kişi dâhil edilmiştir ve sayı mevcut öğrencilerin %76’sına karşılık gelmektedir. Yaş ortalaması 24,2 ±4 yıl idi. Cinsiyetlerine bakıldığında %53,7 si kadın, %46,3 ü erkekti. ’Eğitim süresince yeterli pratik uygulama yapabildiğinizi düşünüyor musunuz’’ sorusuna 90 kişi (%66,6) hayır, 69 kişi (%43,4) ise evet cevabı vermiştir. En çok pratik uygulama yapabilme imkânı buldukları stajlar; sırasıyla anestezi %78,1, üroloji %61,9, iç hastalıkları %50, acil %46,9 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Beceri laboratuvarını kullanma oranı %91,3’dür.SONUÇ: Bu çalışma sonuçlarına göre pratik eğitimlerin yeniden düzenlenmesi ve eksik olan kısımların gözden geçirilip yeni bir eğitim içeriği hazırlanmasına katkıda bulunması önerilmektedir.
EKSTREMİTE VE PELVİS KIRIĞI OLAN TRAVMA HASTALARINDA GİRİŞ HEMOGLOBİN DEĞERİ YOĞUN BAKIM VE MORTALİTE BELİRLEYİCİSİ Mİ ?
Authors: Yavuz Tunzala , Büyükerkmen Elif , Doğan Bakı Elif , Bezen Bilal Atilla , Koçaslan Merve , Sıvacı Remziye
Published: August 2021

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı travma sonucu gelişen ekstremite ve pelvis kırıkları nedeni ile ameliyathanemizde opere olan hastaların yatış sırasındaki hemoglobin düzeyi ve eritrosit transfüzyonu gereksinimi ile yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) yatışı ve mortalite arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Travma sonucu gelişen ekstremite ve pelvis kırıkları nedeni ile 01.01.2018 - 31.12.2018 tarihleri arasında ameliyathanemizde opere olan hastalar çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların medikal arşiv ve anestezi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Birinci aşamada anemisi olan ve olmayan hastalar ortalama geliş hemoglobin düzeyi, eritrosit transfüzyon ihtiyacı, hastanede yatış süresi, YBÜ’de yatış ihtiyacı, YBÜ’de yatış süresi, mortalite oranları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında tüm hastalar eritrosit transfüzyonu alan ve almayan olarak iki gruba ayrılmış ve iki grup ortalama geliş hemoglobin düzeyi, hastane yatış süresi, YBÜ’de yatış ihtiyacı, YBÜ’de yatış süresi, 1. ay ve 3. ay mortalite oranları açısından karşılaştırılmıştır.BULGULAR: Çalışmamıza 222 hasta alındı. Hastaların yaş ortancası 61 (18 - 97) yıl ve %64,4’ü (143 hasta) erkek idi. Hastanede yatış süreleri 2 ile 120 gün arasında değişmekte olup, ortalaması 8,87±14,44 gündür. Hastalardan 24’ü (%10,8) YBÜ’de yatmıştır. YBÜ’de yattıkları süre 1 ile 46 gün arasında değişmekte olup, ortalaması 9,33±11,52 gündür. Hastaların 9’unda (%4,1) 1. ayda mortalite, 10 hastada (%4,5) 3.ayda mortalite gelişmiştir. Anemik hasta grubundakı hastalar anemik olmayan gruba göre istatistiksel olarak daha yaşlı olup, anemik grupta hastanede kalış günü (p<0,001), ve mortalite oranları (p<0,001) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek saptanmıştır. Anemik hastalarda YBÜ’de yatış oranları anlamlı olarak yüksek (p<0,001) saptanırken, YBÜ’de yatış günü açısından iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p=0,444). Çalışmamızda eritrosit transfüzyonu alan hasta grubunda hastanede kalış günü (p<0,001), 1. ay (p=0,003) ve 3. ay (p=0,001) mortalite oranları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksek saptanmıştır. Transfüzyon yapılan hasta grubunda hem YBÜ’de yatış oranları hem de YBÜ’de yatış gün sayısı anlamlı olarak yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,001).SONUÇ: Travma sonrası hastaneye ilk gelişte aneminin olması yanı sıra eritrosit transfüzyonu da mortalite için risk faktörüdür. Her hastanın bireysel değerlendirilerek transfüzyon kararı verilmesi gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
INVESTIGATION OF THE POSSIBLE EFFECT OF S-ALLYL-L-CYSTEINE ON APOPTOSIS AND AUTOPHAGY IN HUMAN LEUKEMIA CELL LINE
Authors: Tekin Neslihan , Kerimoğlu Barış , Tarhan Mehtap , Öztürk Kamile
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVE: S-Allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) is a biological active organosulfur component of garlic and has various pharmacological effects. SAC has displayed anti-cancer activity but the mechanism is unresolved. This study has focused on investigating the possible apoptotic and autophagic effects of SAC on two human leukemia cell lines: acute promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) and chronic myeloid leukemia (K562).MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cell cytotoxicity was evaluated via MTT test. Bax, Bcl-2, caspase 3, mTOR, AKT, and PI3K gene expression amounts were identified via Real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). HL-60 and K562 cells were incubated with SAC at three diverse doses (5 mM, 10 mM, and 20 mM) (3,75 mM, 7,5 mM, and 15 mM), respectively.RESULTS: SAC caused a cytotoxic effect on HL-60 and K562 cells with IC50 values of approximately 11.525 mM and 10.025 mM, respectively. In HL-60 cells, an increase in Bax expression levels was detected at doses of 5 mM and 10 mM SAC (p=0.027, p=0.000). Treatment with 10 mM SAC increased the expression level of caspase 3 in HL-60 cells as compared with the control and 5 mM SAC treated cells (p=0.000, p=0.020). In K562 cells, SAC induced a significant decrease in mTOR, AKT, and PI3K expression levels in at all doses (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000).CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our data indicates that SAC induces autophagy in K562 cells by downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, increased Bax and caspase 3 gene expression levels suggest that SAC may be an effective active ingredient with which to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
TÜNELLİ HEMODİYALİZ KATETERLERİ OLAN HASTALARDA KATETER DİSFONKSİYONU İÇİN RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ
Authors: Tort Mehmet
Published: August 2021

AMAÇ: Tünelli hemodiyaliz kateter (THC) uygulaması, hemodiyaliz için erişim yolu sağlamada yaygın kullanılan bir metottur. Kateter uygulamasının erken ve geç dönem komplikasyonları mevcut olup, kateterin uzun ömürlülüğünün sağlanması çok önemlidir. THC uygulanan hastalarda kateter açıklığının değerlendirilmesi çalışmanın amacını oluşturmuştur.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Ocak 2019 ve Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde THC implantasyonu yapılan 181 hastaya ait 221 kateter uygulamasının verileri retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Kateter uygulama nedenleri, uygulama bölgeleri, kullanım süreleri, gelişen erken ve geç dönem komplikasyonları ve hastalarda eşlik eden diğer sistem hastalıklarına ait hasta verileri hastane bilgi ve otomasyon sisteminden taranarak değerlendirildi.BULGULAR: Sağ internal juguler ven %44,3 (98 uygulama) oranıyla en sık tercih edilen THC uygulama bölgesiydi. 28 hastada (%15.5) kateter disfonksiyonu nedenli bir ya da daha fazla sayıda kateter uygulaması yapılmıştır. Kateter disfonksiyonu ile kateter uygulama bölgesi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirmesinde ana femoral venöz yol uygulamalarında kateter disfonksiyon oranı daha yüksek saptanmıştır (p=0.002). Diyabetes mellitus maligniteler, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı ve koroner arter hastalığı, serebrovaskuler olay, hipertansiyon ile kateter disfonksiyonu arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Atrial fibrilasyonu olan hastalarda kateter disfonksiyonunda anlamlı olarak artış saptanmıştır (p=0.017).SONUÇ: THC’leri hemodiyaliz hastalarında uygulama kolaylığı ve düşük komplikasyon oranı ile tercih edilebilir. Bu hastalarda santral venöz girişim yolu seçiminde öncelik üst ekstremite subklavyen ven ve internal juguler ven olmalıdır. Zorunda kalmadıkça femoral venöz kateter uygulamasından kaçınılmalıdır.
Description of a new Eumenescolex species (Clitellata: Megadrili, Lumbricidae) with new data to the earthworm fauna of Corsica and Sardinia
Authors: Szederjesi Tímea , Pavlíček Tomáš , Csuzdi Csaba
Published: August 2021

Earthworm collectings on Corsica and Sardinia resulted in recording eight species belonging to the families Lumbricidae and Hormogastridae. Among them, Octodrilus transpadanus represents a new record for the fauna of Sardinia and Eumenescolex zoltani sp. nov. from Corsica is new to science.