bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Attendance, Active Participation, and Behavior Change in a Group-Based Responsive Stimulation, Maternal and Child Health, and Nutrition Intervention
Authors: Yeasmin Farzana , Winch Peter J. , Hwang Sharon T. , Leontsini Elli , Jahir Tania , Das Jyoti B. , Amin Mohammad R. , Hossain Md K. , Huda Tarique Md. Nurul , Akter Fahmida , Shoab Abul Kashem , Tofail Fahmida , Mridha Malay K. , Sultana Jesmin , Pitchik Helen , Fernald Lia C. H. , Luby Stephen P. , Rahman Mahbubur
Published: January 2021

Delivery of interventions through group sessions allows for in-depth discussions and creates opportunities for group members to work together to identify and solve common problems. However, low attendance may limit impact. We explored factors affecting attendance, active participation, and behavior change in an integrated group-based child development and maternal and child health intervention in Bangladesh. Community health workers (CHWs) facilitated two sessions a month including material on child stimulation; water, sanitation, and hygiene; nutrition, maternal depression, and lead exposure prevention. Sessions were conducted with 320 pregnant women and mothers with children younger than 24 months, in 16 villages in Kishoreganj district. After 4 and 9 months of intervention, we conducted focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with mothers (n = 55 and n = 48) to identify determinants of attendance and behavior change, and to examine potential for intervention scale-up. Recruiting family members to assist with childcare resulted in improved attention during sessions. Adopting a storytelling format for presentation of session materials resulted in more engaged participation during courtyard sessions. Session attendance and behavior change, especially purchasing decisions, were difficult for participants without the support of male heads of the household. Selecting a rotating leader from among the group members to remind group members to attend sessions and support CHWs in organizing the sessions was not successful. Facilitating self-appraisals and planning for water and sanitation allowed participants to identify areas for improvement and track their progress. Key determinants of a participant’s attendance were identified, and the resulting intervention shows promise for future implementation at scale.
Effectiveness of Mass Media Campaigns to Improve Handwashing-Related Behavior, Knowledge, and Practices in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mahfuza , Benjamin-Chung Jade , Sultana Sonia , Unicomb Leanne , Alam Monirul , Rahman Mahbubur , Ercumen Ayse , Luby Stephen P.
Published: January 2021

Water, sanitation, and handwashing interventions that use intensive interpersonal communication improve targeted behaviors, but are expensive at scale. Mass media is an alternative that could reach more people at lower cost but has rarely been rigorously evaluated. We assessed the effectiveness of a mass media campaign in improving handwashing knowledge and practices in rural Bangladesh. We conducted a cross-sectional assessment before the campaign among 8,947 households and again after 4 months of the campaign among 8,400 different households in the same areas. Trained enumerators conducted spot checks of water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities, and recorded reported knowledge and practices. We compared these outcomes after versus before the campaign using generalized linear models with robust standard errors. After the media campaign, caregivers were more likely to recall ≥ 3 messages regarding handwashing (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.44, 1.34–1.55), sanitation (PR = 1.45, 1.35–1.55), and safe water (PR = 1.17, 1.08–1.26). After the campaign, the prevalence of using soap and water during handwashing demonstrations was higher among caregivers (PR = 1.15, 1.12–1.19) and children (PR = 1.31, 1.22–1.41). Hands were more commonly observed to be visibly clean among caregivers (PR = 1.14, 1.07–1.20) and children (PR = 1.13, 1.05–1.21). Soap and water was more commonly observed in handwashing stations near latrines (PR = 1.12, 1.06–1.19) and in cooking/eating places (PR = 1.09, 1.01–1.18). Our findings indicate improved handwashing knowledge and behaviors following a mass media campaign. This promising approach can be deployed to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene practices at scale and should be evaluated in other contexts.
Editorial
Authors: Jansen Stefan
Published: January 2021

None
Environmental and Nutritional Determinants of Diarrhoea Disease Among Children Under Five Years in Rwanda: A Secondary Data Analysis of the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2014-15
Authors: J. Ishimwe Christian , Rutayisire Erigene , Marete Onesmus
Published: January 2021

Background

Diarrhoea remains one of the leading of causes of deaths in children under five years old globally. Children under five years are more vulnerable to diarrhea especially those from low and middle countries. The aim of this study was to explore the environmental and nuttitional factors associated with diarrhea among children underfive years in Rwanda.

Methods

A secondary data analysis of the  Rwanda Demographic and Heralth Survey 2014-2015 (RDHS 2014-2015) was used. A total sample of  7,558 children under five years old was included. The data were analysed using Stata 13. Bivariate with Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to assess the relashionship of factors associsted with diarreha. A 95% confidence interval and a significance level of 0.05 were set.

Results

Two environmental factors (Source of drinking water and shared toilets facilities with other households) were associated with child diarrhea. P-values: 0.029, OR:1.79, CI [1.06-3.01]; 0.019, OR:1.26, CI: [1.04-1.53] respectively. None of the selected nutritional factors was associated with childhood diarrhea.

Conclusion

Based on the findings, drinking borehole water and shared toilet facilities were associated with diarrhea. The study therefore recommends the provision of potable water and supporting/enabling the households to own toilets.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(3):280-290
Relationship Between Sperm Quality and Male Reproductive Hormones Among Male Partners with Fertility Complications: Attending CHUB
Authors: Mapira Tendayi Herbert , Ndayisenga Jerome , Nyiramahirwe Solange , Mukanshuti Jacqueline , Karenzi Valens , Rutayisire Robert , Nshutiyimana Jean Claude
Published: January 2021

Background

Infertility remains a highly prevalent global condition in the second decade of the new millennium. Reproductive hormones determine sperm quality as they initiate and maintain spermatogenesis. Hormonal imbalance can cause abnormal sperm quality that can be treated by hormonal replacement therapy.

Objective

To assess the relationship between sperm quality and male reproductive hormones among male partners with fertility complications attending CHUB.

Methods

The study was a descriptive cross-sectional, and a convenient sampling strategy was used to recruit subjects at CHUB. Sixty-two male subjects with fertility complications provided both semen and blood sample to analyze sperm quality and reproductive hormones. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.

Results

Both FSH and LH showed a strong negative correlation with sperm count which is more profound with FSH (r= -0.722) than LH (r= -0.545). Testosterone showed a strong positive correlation with sperm count (r= 0.712). FSH and LH showed a negative correlation with sperm motility which is more profound in FSH (r= -0.312) than LH (r= -0.302). Testosterone also showed a positive correlation with sperm motility (r= 0.360).

Conclusion

Our study found a correlation between sperm quality and male reproductive hormones. We further suggest other studies to investigate predictive power of male reproductive hormones.

Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2020;3(3):315-328
A Question of ‘Honour’: Anne Barnard, social justice and the Henriad
Authors: Wright Laurence
Published: January 2021

Can post-revolutionary notions of social justice be imposed on pre-revolutionary works of art? This article explores the concept of honour in the Henriad, using experiences of Lady Anne Barnard to illustrate how Shakespeare’s critique of monarchical government can speak meaningfully to political behaviour across time. Starting with her excoriating dismissal of Governor George Yonge’s dishonourable regime, captured in her description of 1 Henry IV as performed for the opening of the African Theatre in Cape Town in 1801, the paper goes on to unpack her complex attitudes to slavery, including her courageous decision, described as a “debt of honour”, to take care of her deceased husband’s previously unknown ‘love child’ conceived with a slave, Rachel van de Caap. The account draws on fresh insights found in Stephen Taylor’s recent biography of Anne Barnard and argues that the Henriad’s treatment of honour resonates across time, supplying counsel that post-revolutionary ages would do well to heed.
Apoptotic effect of Physalis minima Linn ethanol extract on breast cancer cells via p53 wild-type and Apaf-1 protein
Authors: Handayani Handayani , Handajani Retno , Susilo Imam , Basori Achmad , Salim Hotimah Masdan
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To produce an anti-cancer agent from Physalis minima ethanol extract as well as prevent the growth of NMU-induced breast cancer and MCF-7 cell line.Methods: This research used an animal model (Wistar-Furth rats), and cell line used in this study was normal breast-cell line MCF-7. The rats were administered with the ethanol extract of Physalis minima Linn (100, 250 and 400 mg/kg/day) by gavage, once a day for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, MCF-7 cell lines were cultured in medium and incubated in 100 μg/mL of ethanol extract of Physalis minima for 48 h. The samples were analyzed using histology and immunohistochemistry techniques for expression of p53 antibody DO-1 and APAF-1.Results: The results of immunohistological analysis in the breast organ showed that Physalis minima Linn extract significantly (p < 0.05) increased the tumor suppressor protein p53 at doses of 100, 250 and 400 mg/kg/day. In addition, the extract also significantly (p < 0.05) increased APAF-1, which is a gene determining cell death, at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/day.Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Physalis minima Linn inhibits the cytotoxic activity of NMU-induced breast cancer by increasing the tumor suppressor protein p53 and APAF-1. Thus, Physalis minima Linn extract can potentially be used as a complementary treatment for inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells in patients.

Keywords: Apoptosis protease-activating factor-1, Breast cancer, MCF-7 cell line, Physalis minima, p53
Ghrelin attenuates avascular necrosis of the femoral head induced by steroids in rabbits
Authors: Huang Laigang , Zeng Fanshuo , Cui Baojuan , Wang Daoqing , Sun Min , Liu Benling , Sun Qiangsan
Published: January 2021

Purpose: Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor. The current study was aimed at examining the effect of ghrelin on avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) induced by steroids in a rabbit model and also exploring the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Experimental rabbits were separated into three groups: Control, Vehicle and Ghrelin. We established a steroid-induced ANFH model in rabbits. Then, MRI scanning and hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) were conducted to see ANFH. The mRNA levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) were evaluated using real-time qRT-PCR.

Results: Rabbits in the Vehicle group showed increased empty bone lacunae, reduced bone trabecula in femoral head; the number of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow was reduced, whereas number of adipocytes increased with evident fusion phenomenon in comparison with the Control group. All of the changes induced in Vehicle group were attenuated in Ghrelin group. MRI scanning showed obvious necrosis of femoral head in the Vehicle group and less in the Ghrelin group. The mRNA levels of VEGF and BMP-2 were raised in Vehicle group and further enhanced in Ghrelin group.

Conclusion: Ghrelin attenuates steroid-induced avascular necrosis in femoral head in rabbit model. A possible mechanism may be through VEGF/BMP-2 axis.

Keywords: ANFH, BMP-2, Ghrelin, VEGF
TRIM 16 gene expression regulates the growth and metastasis of human esophageal cancer
Authors: Chen Yufang , Li Ziyan , Zeng Jingyao , Xu Zhiyi , Wang Meihua
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of tripartite membrane protein  TRIM) 16 gene silencing on human esophageal cancer (KYSE-270) cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis.Methods: Short interfering RNA (siRNA) TRIM 16 silencing fragment was transfected into KYSE-270 cells. Transfection efficiency was determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation, invasiveness and migration were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Transwell invasion assay, and scratch test, respectively. Protein expressions of bax and bcl-2 were assayed using Western blotting.Results: The gene expression of TRIM 16 was significantly upregulated in esophageal cancer cells, relative to normal human esophageal cells, but was downregulated after gene silencing. Moreover, the silencing of TRIM 16 gene led to significant reductions in KYSE-270 cell viability, migration and invasiveness, but significantly increased KYSE270 cell apoptosis (p < 0.05). The silencing of TRIM 16 gene also significantly upregulated bax protein expression, while downregulating the expression of bcl-2 protein (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results suggest that TRIM 16 gene silencing inhibits KYSE-270 cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and thus provide a basis for its development as a therapeutic approach for the management of esophageal cancer.

Keywords: Apoptosis, Cell invasion, Esophageal cancer, Gene silencing, Metastasis
Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells is associated with ROS generation and activation of p38/JNK pathway
Authors: He Miao , Li Chao , He Yingying , Yang Guangquan , Zhang Youcai , Chen Zhaohong
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of 2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole (DHPP) on lung cancer cells, and the associated mechanism.Methods: The effect of DHPP on cell proliferation was measured using sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay. Apoptosis of cells was determined using Olympus IX71 inverted microscope connected to FITC and rhodamine filters.Results: DHPP significantly suppressed the proliferation of A549 and H1299 cells at doses of 0.5-8.0 μM, but did not affect normal cells (MRC5 and BEAS-2B). In DHPP-treated A549 and H1299 cells, caspase-3 activity was markedly enhanced. At 24 h of treatment with 8.0 μM DUPP, apoptosis in A549 and H1299 cells was increased to 67.89 and 61.35 %, respectively. Phosphorylation levels of JNK-1/2 and p38 in DHPP-treated A549 and H1299 cells were markedly enhanced. The p-ERK-1/2 expressions in DHPP-treated A549 and H1299 cells were suppressed significantly at 24 h. In DHPP-treated A549 and H1299 cells, DCF-fluorescence was increased 10 folds and 8.5 folds, respectively. Pretreatment with FeTMPyP, an antioxidant, effectively alleviated DHPP-induced increase in expressions of p-p38 and p-JNK, and suppression of expression of p-ERK-1/2. In FeTMPyP-pre-treated cells, the DHPPinduced increase in caspase-3 activity was markedly reduced.Conclusion: DHPP selectively inhibits lung cancer cell growth via oxidative stress which subsequently causes cell apoptosis. Moreover, it activates caspase-3 protein and p38/JNK signaling, with simultaneous inactivation of ERK-1/2. Therefore, DHPP has a potential to be developed for the treatment of lung cancer. However; more studies are required to confirm these findings.

Keywords: Lung cancer, Anti-oxidant, Apoptosis, Caspase-3, Chemotherapy
Inhibition of miR-665 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via up-regulation of SOCS7 in chondrogenic ATDC5 cells
Authors: Ning Qiaoyi , He Yiting , Ma Wukai , Tang Fang , Huang Ying , Yao Xueming
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To examine the effect and mechanism of action of miR-665 in osteoarthritis.Methods: An in vitro inflammatory injury model of osteoarthritis was established using chondrogenic ATDC5 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A binding target for miR-665 was predicted using TargetScan and then evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay.Results: Treatment with LPS significantly up-regulated the inflammatory cytokine expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in ATDC5 cells (p < 0.01), and the expression of miRNA-665 was significantly increased in LPS-treated ATDC5 cells (p < 0.01).Knockdown of miR-665 down-regulated the expression levels of these inflammatory cytokines. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 7 (SOCS7) was identified as a target of miR-665. Data from qRT-PCR and western-blot analyses indicated that SOCS7 expression was promoted by miR-665  inhibition and inhibited by miR-665 over-expression. LPS treatment significantly decreased the expression of SOCS7 protein in ATDC5 cells (p < 0.01), and over-expression of SOCS7 attenuated the LPS-stimulated inflammatory injury. In addition, over-expression of miR-655 enhanced the inflammatory injury and reversed the protective effect of SOCS7 against LPS-stimulated inflammation.Conclusion: Inhibition of miR-665 alleviated LPS-stimulated inflammatory injury in ATDC5 cells via the up-regulation of SOCS7, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.

Keywords: MiR-665, Lipopolysaccharide, Inflammation, SOCS7, Chondrogenic, ATDC5
Effects of different extracts of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino on apoptosis of A549 cells
Authors: Zhang Haifeng , Zhang Ziying , Du Hua , Su Xiaoli , Li Xiaorong , Shao Junjie , Qiao Pengfei
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To investigate the effect of different extracts of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino onapoptosis of A549 cells, and the underlying mechanism.Methods: The contents of colchicine in ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of Cremastra appendiculata(D. Don) Makino were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lung cancerA549 cells cultured in vitro were divided into blank control, standard colchicine and Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino extract groups. The effect of different extract concentrations on proliferation of the cells was determined using methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay, while apoptosis of A549 cells induced by the extracts was evaluated by flow cytometry (FC).Results: Compared with the standard colchicine group, there was no colchicine in the n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Cremastra appendiculata. Results from MTT assay showed that the extract inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells (p < 0.05). Flow cytometry results showed that ethyl acetate extract significantly enhanced apoptosis in A549 cells (p < 0.05). However, n-butanol extract had no significant effect on the apoptosis of A549 cells (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The ethyl acetate extract of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino induces apoptosis in lung cancer A549 cells. Therefore, there is a need for further research and development of antitumor drugs from the extract of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino.

Keywords: Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino, Colchicine, A549 cells, Apoptosis
Esomeprazole improves the acidic microenvironment of epithelial ovarian cancer by inhibiting the expression of VATPase
Authors: Chi Yasong , Yue Ruiqin , Lv Yanru , Liao Wei , Yin Ruchang
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To determine the effect of esomeprazole on apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells and their sensitivity to paclitaxel, and the underlying mechanism.Methods: Human ovarian paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells were cultured in vitro, and treated with esomeprazole at doses of 50, 100 and 250 mol/L. Cell proliferation was determined using MTT assay. Paclitaxel-resistant cells were divided into control group, esomeprazole group, paclitaxel group, and esomeprazole + taxol group. Western blot was employed for the assay of protein levels of bcl-2, Bcl-xl, P-gp and V-ATPase, while BCECF-AM method was employed to determine changes in intracellular pH.Results: Esomeprazole significantly inhibited the proliferation of paclitaxel-resistant cells in a dosedependent manner. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of esomeprazole + paclitaxel was significantly low, when compared with those of the other treatments (p < 0.05). Apoptosis was significantly higher in esomeprazole + paclitaxel group than in any other treatment group (p < 0.05). The expressions of Bcl-2 and P-gp in esomeprazole + paclitaxel group decreased significantly, relative to the corresponding values for other groups, while protein expression of bcl-xl was markedly increased. The intracellular pH value of esomeprazole + paclitaxel group was significantly lower than those for other treatment groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Esomeprazole improves the acidic microenvironment of epithelial ovarian cancer by inhibiting the expression of V-ATPase, and restores the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel by inhibiting their proliferation and apoptosis. This revelation may explain patients’ resistance topaclitaxel.

Keywords: Esomeprazole, V-ATPase, Apoptosis, Ovarian cancer, Taxol, Sensitivity
Quinolinone inhibits proliferation of gastric cancer cells and induces their apoptosis via down-regulation of the expression of pro-oncogene c-Myc
Authors: Ma Jing , Chen Xinrui , Xu Baoli , Liu Wenguang
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To determine the anti-proliferative potential of quinolinone against gastric cancer cells, and the underlying mechanism of action.Methods: Quinolinone-mediated proliferative changes were measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while its effect on apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Transwell and wound healing assays were used for the determination of the effect of quinolinone on cell invasion and migration. The effect of quinolinone on protein expression levels were assayed with western blotting.Results: Quinolinone caused reduction in gastric cancer cell viability, but it had no effect on normal (GES-1) cells. Treatment with 8 μM quinolinone reduced the viability of SNU-5 and SGC-7901 cells to 32 and 27 %, respectively. Moreover, 8 μM quinolinone induced 67.90 and 71.54 % apoptosis in SNU-5 and SGC-7901 cells, respectively. Quinolinone significantly increased the population of cells in G1 phase, and suppressed migration potential (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in quinolinone-treated cells, the expression levels of p-PI3K, c-Myc and p-AKT were much lower than those in untreated cells (p < 0.05). Quinolinone also downregulated the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9, while it upregulated p21 expression in SNU-5 and SGC-7901 cells.Conclusion: Quinolinone suppresses the growth of SNU-5 and SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells via cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and downregulation of the expressions of c-Myc and metalloproteinases. Thus, quinolinone may be developed as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Keywords: Gastric cancer, Apoptosis, Metalloproteinases, Phosphorylation
An Improved Quantum Particle Swarm Algorithm for Routing Optimization of Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Jin Xing , Marotti Ana , Lamounier Edgard , de Araujo Andre Luıs , Rocha Ricardo de Oliveira
Published: January 2021

—Because of the limited energy of wireless sensor nodes, the energy loss of communication process affects network performance. In order to prolong the network lifetime and combine the fast ergodicity of the quantum particle swarm, this paper proposes a wireless network routing optimization method to improve the quantum particle swarm, aiming at the leach problem of the wireless sensor network WSN Classic Clustering protocol. The optimal routing speed is accelerated, and the optimal routing and energy consumption of the network are balanced as far as possible, and adjust the parameters of the cluster head election threshold to obtain the most suitable clustering structure for the current environment adaptively, so as to balance the network energy consumption and improve the network life. The experimental results show that compared with the LEACH-EP protocol, GA and PSO, the proposed protocol has better performance in network lifetime and network latency.
SU BORULARINDA ELEKTRİK ÜRETİMİ SAĞLAYACAK TÜRBİN TASARIMI VE PROTOTİP ÜRETİLEREK TEST YAPILMASI
Authors: MADEN Hakan , ÇETİNKAYA Kerim , KAMBER Ömer Şaban
Published: January 2021

Gün geçtikçe elektrik çoğu alanda kullanımı artmaktadır. Son zamanlarda gelişen araba teknolojisi ile elektrikli araçlar kullanımı artmaya başlamıştır. Bu nedenle elektrik üretimi önemi gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Elektrik üretilmesi birçok yöntemi vardır. Bunlardan bazıları düşük maliyetli iken bazıları maliyeti yüksek olmaktadır. Düşük maliyetli olan yenilenebilir olan enerji türleridir. Bu amaçla mevcut derelerimizden akan nehirden veya evlerimize gelen şebeke borularından elektrik üretilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Şebeke boru üzerinde yerleştirilecek türbin ile elektrik üretilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla türbin tasarımı yapılmış ve prototip üretimi yapılarak testler yapılması hedeflenmiştir.
AVALIAÇÃO CLÍNICA PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DE ENFERMAGEM DE RETENÇÃO URINÁRIA: CONSTRUÇÃO E VALIDAÇÃO DE PROTOCOLO
Authors: Jorge Beatriz Maria , Martins José Carlos Amado , Napoleão Anamaria Alves , Almeida Rodrigo Guimarães dos Santos , Mazzo Alessandra
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Construir e validar protocolo de avaliação clínica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem de retenção urinária em pacientes adultos. Métodos: Pesquisa metodológica desenvolvida em duas etapas: construção do protocolo e validação de conteúdo e aparência por meio dos aspectos: objetivos, conteúdo, linguagem, relevância, funcionalidade e usabilidade. Para validação foi utilizada técnica Delphi e considerado concordância maior que 80% entre os Juízes pelo cálculo do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC). Resultados:  O protocolo foi construído na forma de documento descritivo e folheto ilustrativo contendo 28 fotografias. A primeira rodada da validação foi realizada por 71 juízes, e todos os itens alcançaram IVC ≥ 0,90 contendo algumas sugestões de modificações. A segunda rodada foi realizada com 50 juízes, o IVC foi de ≥ 0,92 nos itens avaliados. Conclusões: O protocolo construído, foi considerado válido, apropriado e pertinente ao uso, tornando-se uma ferramenta que auxilia o diagnóstico de enfermagem de retenção urinária.
ПОСТПЕДАГОГИЈА: РАЗВОЈ КОНЦЕПТА И НАЈЗНАЧАЈНИЈЕ ПОСТАВКЕ
Authors: Петровић Јелена , Ђорђевић Марија
Published: January 2021

The intention of this paper was to perform a theoretical analysis of the concept of postpedagogy, theoretical and practical understandings of the representatives of postpedagogy, with an emphasis on the relationship between adults and children. Also, in the analysis, we tried to determine the post-pedagogical attitude towards the traditional understanding of the term “education”, as well as to touch on the relevance of this concept. Freedom and responsibility of the child, respect for the child and his subject position, but also self-love and authenticity - are the key goals and basis of the post-pedagogical conception. Post-pedagogical thinking implies a radical break with traditional pedagogy. According to postpedagogues, equal relations will be established only when adults renounce education and the belief that man, a child - homo educandus, is a being who needs education and where reason has a leading function. The postpedagogical understanding of the attitude towards the child is not a mere possibility that is accidentally talked about: it is a feature of the time in which we live and in which our children will still live. Postpedagogues call on modern society to reconsider its pedagogical values on which the relationship between adults and children is based.
JUMLAH KOLONI CANDIDA ALBICANS PADA PLAT RESIN AKRILIK HEAT CURED SETELAH DILAKUKAN PERENDAMAN EKSTRAK DAUN KEMANGI (OCIMUM BASSILICUM LINN) 50%
Authors:   Bagian Prostodonsia, FKG Unmas Denpasar, Wirayuni Kadek Ayu , Nugrahini Sintha
Published: January 2021

Accumulation of plaque and food scraps on an acrylic resin base will increase bacterial colonies and C. albicans which will cause denture stomatitis. Maintenance of denture hygiene using mechanical, chemical and combination of two methods. Basil leaf extract contain essential oils which are important in fight against resistant C. albicans biofilms. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of C. albicans colonies after cleaning various denture cleaning methods. The method of this study is used an experimental method, the study design is posttest only with control group design. Sample size of heat-cured acrylic resin plate is 40x12x3mm. this study use Kruskall-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test as data analysis for comparison tests between groups (non-parametric test). The results showed that there were significant differences between the various cleansing methods used in reducing C. albicans colonies. The compotition of flavonoids basil leaf extract is anti-microbial which can prevent the entry of fungi that harm the body.
PERAWATAN GINGIVOSTOMATITIS HERPETIKA PRIMER PADA PASIEN REMAJA
Authors:   Bagian Penyakit Mulut, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Ganesha Raziv
Published: January 2021

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis (PHGS) is a primary infection to Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1). PHGS often occurs in pre-school-aged children, but also occur in school-age children and teenager. This case report purpose to discuss management of PHGS in teenager. Patient a 12-year-old with chief complaints are many ulcers in mouth. Ulcer appears after the patient has a fever for 2 days. The patient has never experienced like this before. On Intra Oral examination found multiple ulcers, varying in size, pain in the upper labial, lower labial, lower gingival and lower mucobucalfold. Patient was given a complete blood count and IgG antigen HSV-1, with reactive results. Patients received treatment in the form of aloe vera extract gel, Immunomodulator syrup. ulcers healed after 12 days of treatment. Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis caused by HSV infection. This case often occurs in children but does not rule out the possibility that it can occur in teenager, adults and the elderly. Management in this case is aimed at pain control by topical analgesics and supportive therapy with immunomodulatory. In this case, a proper history and examination, accompanied by laboratory examinations, is needed to establish a diagnosis and cooperation between dentists and patients to accelerate recovery.
Language Processing and Reorganization in the Brain in Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors:   Center for Language and Brain, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Yurchenko Anna
Published: January 2021

This paper explores language comprehension and production in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by an epileptogenic focus near language areas or their homologues in the brain. Behavioral studies have shown that language processing in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy could be impaired across language domains — from single words to discourse. Neuroimaging data suggest that temporal lobe epilepsy may lead to changes in the lateralization and localization of language functions, reorganization of functional connections, and alterations in cortical structure and white matter tracts. The severity of language impairments and the degree of functional and structural reorganization in the brain correlate with clinical factors, including lateralization of the epileptogenic focus, age at seizure onset, disease duration, and frequency of epileptiform activity
Leadership Style in Improving Management Ethics at the Madrasah Aliyah
Authors:   Islamic Education Management Department, Postgraduate, UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin-Jambi, Jannah Wardatul
Published: January 2021

This study discusses the Leadership Style in Improving Management Ethics at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jambi City. This research uses qualitative research. The methods used in data collection are observation, interviews, and documentation. The author found that the leadership style in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jambi City was a Democratic Leadership Style. Management Ethics at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jambi City is also running well, this can be seen from its terminal value, namely vision, and its instrumental value, namely mission and always applying positive values such as service orientation, integrity, commitment, discipline, and cooperation. With the existence of a Democratic Leadership Style, Management Ethics will automatically be good so that the vision and mission of the madrasah will be achieved effectively and efficiently. The results of this paper suggest that the head of Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Jambi City continues to strive and maintain a Democratic Leadership Style and teachers and administrative staff to always apply service-oriented values, integrity, commitment, discipline and work together in achieving the vision and mission and the destination of MAN 1 Jambi City.
Teorías implícitas de inteligencia y resiliencia en estudiantes del nivel de secundaria
Authors: Calderón Chandler
Published: January 2021

Este estudio analiza las teorías implícitas de inteligencia y la resiliencia en una muestra de 34 estudiantes del Nivel Secundario de dos escuelas públicas del Distrito Nacional. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos “La escala de la teoría auto implícita” y el “Cuestionario de resiliencia para niños y adolescentes”, como también variables sociodemográficas. No se encontró una correlación entre las teorías implícitas de inteligencia y la resiliencia. Sin embargo, los estudiantes presentaron un alto nivel de resiliencia y relativamente alto nivel de la teoría implícita incremental, lo que sugiere que no se puede descartar una relación entre los constructos. También se encontró una correlación entre la teoría de entidad y la escuela más desfavorecida, factores externos posiblemente influyan en la teoría implícita que poseen los estudiantes.
OVERLAP JUVENILE ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS AND TAKAYASU ARTERITIS COMPLICATED WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Tavares Barreto Matias Dos Santos, Isabela , Garcia Cunha Ana Luiza , Cunha Corgosinho Maike
Published: January 2021

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Evaluasi Sistem Dapodikmen Dengan Pendekatan Utility System Pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri Kota Palembang
Authors: Indriansari Raden Ayu , Antoni Darius , Atika Linda
Published: January 2021

Dapodikmen system has not yet reached its accurately and effective utilization.. The results of observation and interview done to school operators in some high schools in Palembang show that  there are different factors which determine the effectiveness of the system, for example, the content of information, ease of access and availability of the system which often has not been in accordance with the users’ needs. One approach used to evaluate the effectiveness of the system is the System Utility. The approach by Kendall & Kendall, 2007 (in Martoyo, 2015:638) review the success of the system implementation from six points of view, namely possession, goal, place, form, time and actualization utility. This approach is included in the category of system effectiveness evaluation viewed from the user's expectations. The results of this study demonstrate that of the aspect of variable utility and value of the Dapodikmen system is 4, 2636. This concludes that the availability of the system in high schools in Palembang city is effective.
QUAL O PAPEL DO BLOQUEIO SEQUENCIAL DO NÉFRON NA HIPERTENSÃO RESISTENTE?
Authors:   Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP – Brasil., Espírito Santo Cestário Elizabeth do , Vilela Martin José Fernando ,   Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP – Brasil., Yugar Toledo Juan Carlos ,   Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP – Brasil.
Published: January 2021

A hipertensão resistente (HAR) ocorre quando a pressão arterial (PA) permanece acima da meta recomendada após o uso de três fármacos anti-hipertensivos com ação sinérgica em suas doses máximas toleradas recomendadas, preferencialmente incluindo um diurético. A identificação da contribuição do volume intravascular e da renina sérica na manutenção dos níveis elevados da PA permite um tratamento mais eficaz da hipertensão, ao atuar sobre o controle do volume intravascular, equilíbrio de sódio e sobre os efeitos do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona (SRAA) no rim. Bloqueio sequencial do néfron (BSN) consiste em um aumento progressivo na depleção de sódio usando um diurético tiazídico, um bloqueador do receptor mineralocorticoide (espironolactona), furosemida e, finalmente, amilorida. Os mecanismos de ação, as indicações e os efeitos adversos são discutidos na presente revisão.
An Insight into the Indian Railways COVID-19 Combat
Authors: Rao Akhila , V.T. Shailashri
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus pandemic has affected many lives, and several rigid rules and policies had to be implemented across the globe to curb the spread of the disease. A nation-wide lockdown was announced on March 22, 2020, in India to curb the spread of the Coronavirus (COVID – 19) pandemic. The entire nation was brought to a standstill with only the essential services running. The pandemic had put many of the organizations on the moratorium, especially the travel industry. Indian Railways were no exception to it. But they have risen to the occasion to stand strong with the nation. The efficient disaster management planning of the Indian railways has helped them to fight the battle bravely. Though the passenger trains were brought to a halt in the initial lockdown period, the freight services were functional, carrying out essential duties during the lockdown. From manufacturing and distribution of PPE kits, transportation of essential commodities, service from medical warriors, Indian Railways has taken all the possible steps in the nation's fight against the pandemic. This article focuses on the COVID-19 guidelines followed by the Indian Railways and their noble work during the COVID-19 national crisis for the wellbeing of employees, passengers, and the general public by using secondary data such as journals, newspapers, magazines, and memorandums.
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL DYNAMICS OF THE ELEVATED GEOSYSTEMS OF THE BORBOREMA HIGHLANDS, NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL, FROM OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE DATING OF HILLSLOPE SEDIMENTS
Authors: ANTONIO CARLOS DE BARROS CORRÊA  , KLEYTHON DE ARAUJO MONTEIRO
Published: January 2021

The geomorphological dynamics of the elevated compartments of the Borborema Highlands, northeastern Brazil, were assessed through the analysis of hillslope sediments. The chosen study area was the Baixa Verde massif, in the State of Pernambuco. The main morphostratigraphic features were identified on the basis of their relevance to the reconstruction of the geomorphological dynamics. First hillslope deposits in the shape of colluvial fans, or infills of hollows and zero order catchments were identified. Following field study of the stratigraphic interactions in four sampling areas within the massif, samples were collected for a number of laboratory tests: sedimentological analysis, soil micromorphology and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating. A fragment of charcoal found on the top of a gravel layer was radiocarbon- dated. The sampling procedures were aimed at the characterization of the several depositional units. The results of the dating of 14 sampling sites point to the occurrence of discrete events of hillslope material remobilization within the last 20,000 years as a dynamic response of the geomorphological systems to the following events: the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the Pleistocene/Holocene transition, the mid-Holocene climatic optimum and the recent anthropic period and its short term climatic oscillations.
HUMAN IMPACTS ON LANDSCAPES: LESSONS OF CITIES FROM THE PAST
Authors: ERIC FOUACHE  , STÉPHANE DESRUELLES
Published: January 2021

The first cities emerged in the Middle East at the end of the 4th millennium BC. Studies in the field of archaeology, geomorphology, geoscience and history allow us to understand which types of hazards were affecting the cities, and how they had an impact on landscapes in the past, in the Middle East, but also in other parts of the world. There is much to be gained: these studies are fundamental to a better understanding of present-day hazards, to urban development, but also to remembering our heritage. Cities have always been susceptible to nature’s risks and natural disasters but have also – through urban development and through the proximity of great numbers of human beings –, generated their own specific hazards.
INTERVIEW WITH PROFESSOR AZIZ NACIB AB'SABER
Authors: AZIZ NACIB AB’SABER (In Memoriam)  , JOÃO MAURO ARAÚJO  , ADRIANO CAPELO  , FRANCISCO ALBUQUERQUE
Published: January 2021

Em abril de 2007, a Universidade Regional do Cariri, no momento da realização do I Simpósio de Geografia Física do Nordeste, decidiu prestar homenagem a um pesquisador ímpar: geógrafo por vocação, cidadão por coração, um dos principais estudiosos das dinâmicas do espaço brasileiro. Espaço esse que o encantou desde tenra idade em seu estado natal, São Paulo, e que o instigou através de tantas viagens Brasil adentro. Mas essa homenagem ocorria por um motivo especial - o professor Aziz Nacib Ab’Saber tinha uma vasta obra voltada para a compreensão dos “Sertões Secos”, como ele mesmo gostava de chamar o semiárido nordestino. Além da Geomorfologia, seu maior foco, os demais elementos das paisagens sertanejas não escapavam de seu olhar astuto e seus questionamentos argutos. O Domínio Morfoclimático das Depressões Interplanálticas e Intermontanas recobertas de Caatingas não foi apenas uma das grandes unidades morfoesculturais classificadas por ele, mas um lugar de fascínio, de descobertas e de grande empatia para um homem que dedicou sua vida à ciência, mas também à busca de cidadania para todos. Sem condições para a viagem até o Cariri cearense, os “Cariris Novos”, como forma de sua participação no evento que lhe outorgou o título de Doutor Honoris Causa, o professor Ab’Saber aceitou mandar uma fala para o evento. No texto a seguir, está transcrita essa conversa/entrevista, concedida por ele a um jornalista amigo meu, João Mauro Araújo, e seus colegas, Adriano Capelo e Francisco Albuquerque, em sua casa, em Cotia/SP, no mês de março de 2007. Espero que a simplicidade e a sabedoria deste grande brasileiro motivem muitas gerações de pesquisadores no caminho da ciência cidadã, como fez comigo!

Simone Cardoso RibeiroCrato/CE, Julho de 2020
Callus Induction and Phytochemical Constituents of Finger Eggplant (Solanum sp.)
Authors: SIDIK Norizzah Jaafar , DAUD Norhayati , SINANG Som Cit , OMAR Nurul Fazira
Published: January 2021

This study examined the efficiency of callus induction on optimum concentrations of NAA (a-naphthaleneacetic acid) and BAP (6-benzyladenine) from culturing stem and leaf explants of finger eggplant (Solanum sp.) and investigated the phytochemical constituents of callus tissue. Seeds were sterilized by using 3 and 5 % Clorox solution, which gave the highest number of survival seeds (100 %) and were grown in vitro plantlets. The highest frequency of callus induction (100.00 ± 0.00 %) was obtained from stems and leaf explants that were excised from in vitro plantlets. The stem explants cultured on MS medium consisted of 1.0 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L BAP, giving the maximum mean callus fresh weight (0.14 ± 0.05 g). Meanwhile, the leaf explants cultured on MS medium consisted of  0.5 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L BAP, generating the maximum mean callus fresh weight (0.48 ± 0.10 g). The highest frequency of callus induction (88.00 ± 1.60 %) was obtained in solidified MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA + 2.0 mg/L BAP, producing the maximum mean fresh weight of callus (1.54 ± 0.27 g) and dry weight (0.90 ± 0.01 g). The results of the Phytochemical screenings of callus and dried leaf extracts indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins.
Does Intra-articular Tranexamic Acid Decrease Blood Loss in Total Hip Arthroplasty?
Authors: Ganesan Ganesan Ram , Vijayaraghavan Phagal Varthi
Published: January 2021

Background

Blood is the nurturing liquid that delivers oxygen to the cells of the body and removes carbon dioxide and waste from the body. Blood is considered as liquid gold. Total hip replacement causes blood loss and in turn needs blood transfusion. The aim of the study is to find the role of intra-articular tranexamic acid (TXA) in control of blood loss in total hip replacement surgeries.

Materials and methods

A prospective study of 50 patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery. The study group and control group patients were selected through the card method. In the study group after the skin closure, 2 g of TXA was injected through the drain tube and drain tube was clamped for 1 hour and then released. Blood loss during the first and second postoperative periods from suction drain was calculated.

Results

Four hundred and fifty-five milliliters was the mean first postoperative day blood collected in the drain tube in the control group while study group had 283 mL. Similarly, the second day mean postoperative day drain was 89 mL in control group and 25 mL in study group. The mean first and second postoperative day blood loss was statistically significant between the groups.

Discussion

There was a considerable reduction of transfusions in postoperative period; hence, there was a reduced hospitalization cost and less risk of transmitted infections and transfusion reactions. There is a negligible risk of thrombosis in patients who had intravenous TXA not the intra-articular TXA.

Conclusion

Intra-articular TXA is an effective tool in controlling blood loss and reducing blood transfusions in hip replacement surgeries.

How to cite this article

Ram GG, Vijayaraghavan PV. Does Intra-articular Tranexamic Acid Decrease Blood Loss in Total Hip Arthroplasty? J Orth Joint Surg 2020;2(2):49–51.