bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carboplatin combined with arsenic trioxide versus carboplatin combined with docetaxel neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer: a randomized, open-label, phase II clinical study
Authors: Li Sijin , Huang Jiaxin , Lin Xueer , zhang Yawen , Li An , Yan Jiao , Li Daocheng , Gao Jie
Published: October 2022

Objective. To compare the efficacy and safety of carboplatin combined with arsenic trioxide versus carboplatin combined with docetaxel neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).
Methods. A total of 48 patients with LACC were enrolled in this study between May, 2019 and May, 2022 will be randomly assigned to either the experimental group (carboplatin combined with arsenic trioxide, n = 24) or the control group (carboplatin combined with docetaxel, n = 24). The clinical curative effect, adverse reaction and serological indicator of the two groupsof patients were established for the statistical analysis to clarify the efficacy and safety of carboplatin combined with arsenic trioxide versus carboplatin combined with docetaxel in improving the outcome of patients with LACC.
Results. There was no statistical difference at baseline between the two groups (P>0.05). There was almost no significant difference of total effective rate between the two groups with 72.22% in the test group and 68.42% in the control group (P>0.05). Although the serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) of the two groups were significantly reduced after chemotherapy (P<0.05) , the level of SCC in experimental group was slightly lower than that of the control group without significant difference (6.00 ± 11.36 ng/ml vs 8.42 ± 12.17 ng/ml, P>0.05). In addition,there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion. Arsenic trioxide combined with carboplatin as a preoperative NACT for LACC is not worse than docetaxel combined with carboplatin in terms of short term efficacy and safety during the treatment of LACC.
Correlation between Selective Motor Control of the Lower Extremities and Balance in Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Mohammed Amira. H. , Elserougy Hager R. , Karim Amel E. Abdel , Sakr Mohamad , Sheha Samah M.
Published: October 2022

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have motor deficits caused by spasticity, weakness, contractures, diminished selective motor control (SMC), and poor balance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the influence of mirror feedback on lower extremity selective motor control and balance in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Understanding the relationship between selective motor control and balance will help children with hemiplegic CP receive more appropriate therapies. Forty-seven children of both sexes diagnosed with hemiplegic CP participated in the study. Group1 (Gr1 - control group) received conventional physical therapy training while group 2 (Gr2 - intervention group) received conventional physical therapy training in addition to bilateral lower extremity mirror therapy (MT). The primary outcome measure used was Selective Control Assessment of Lower Extremity scale (SCALE), while the secondary outcome measure was the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS). Results showed significant differences in Selective Control Assessment of Lower Extremity Scale (SCALE) and Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) between both groups in favor of Gr2. After treatment, both groups improved significantly, yet Gr2 outperformed Gr1 by a large margin. Mirror therapy may be a useful addition to home-based motor interventions for children with hemiplegic CP due to its relative simplicity, low cost, and high patient adherence. Additionally, it may help children improve their selective motor skills and balance.
The epidemiological features of respiratory tract infection using the multiplex panels detection during COVID-19 pandemic in Shandong province, China
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Tao , Zou Mingjin , Wang Lili , Sai Lintao
Published: October 2022

High attention has been paid to the etiological tracing of respiratory tract infection (RTI) since the advent of COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiological features of pathogens in RTI, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. In total, 7668 patients with RTI were included from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between March 2019 and December 2021. The respiratory tract specimens were detected using a commercial multiplex PCR-based panel assay for 13 common respiratory pathogens. Compared with 2019, the positive rate of pathogen detection from January 2020 to December 2021 was significantly lower, especially the detection of Flu-A. The positive rate of respiratory pathogen strains was 40.18% during COVID-19 pandemic, and a total of 297 cases (4.69%) of mixed infection with two or more pathogens were detected. The positive rates of infection were different among different age groups, with higher incidence of RSV in infancy and toddler group, MP infection in children and teenager group, and HRV infection in adult patients. Moreover, Flu-A and Flu-B were higher in winter, and MP and RSV were higher in spring, autumn and winter. The pathogens such as ADV, BOCA, PIV, and COV were detected without significant seasonal distribution. In conclusions, pathogens of RTI may vary by age and season, regardless of gender. During the COVID-19 epidemic, blocking transmission routes could help reduce the incidence of RTI. The current prevalence of pathogens is of great significance for clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment of RTI.
Analysis of the dynamics of the resonant planetary system HD 45364
Authors: MIA RAJIB , Paul Arjun Kumar
Published: October 2022

The aim of this work is to analyse the orbital dynamics and stability of exoplanetary system in which two planets are in nearly 3:2 MMR. We have taken HD 45364 system for our study in which two planets are most likely in a 3:2 MMR. We have plotted two resonant angles and the relative apsidal longitudes and it is observed that they are librating around a constant value. From this observation our opinion is that there exist nearly 3:2 MMR between HD 45364b and HD 45364c. The perturbative solution is obtained for the time variation of the semi-major axes. The short and long term variations of semimajor axes are studied. For the validation of our analytical results we have compared our analytical solutions with the numerical solutions. The effect of planetary perturbations on eccentricity is studied with the help of secular resonance dynamics theory. The short and long term variations of eccentricities of HD 45364b and HD 45364c are shown graphically. Moreover, using the latest stability criteria, we have studied the dynamical stability of HD 45364 system.
Synthesizing efficient circuits for Hamiltonian simulation
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Priyanka , Wiebe Nathan , Zhang Hong
Published: October 2022

We provide a new approach for compiling quantum simulation circuits that appear in Trotter, qDRIFT and multi-product formulas to Clifford and non-Clifford operations that can reduce the number of non-Clifford operations by a factor of up to 4. The central idea behind our approach is to collect mutually commuting Hamiltonian terms into groups that satisfy one of several symmetries identified in this work which allow an inexpensive simulation of the entire group of terms. We further show that the cost can in some cases be reduced by partially allocating Hamiltonian terms to several groups and provide a polynomial time classical algorithm that can greedily allocate the terms to appropriate groupings. We further specifically discuss these optimizations for the case of fermionic dynamics and provide extensive numerical simulations for qDRIFT of our grouping strategy to 6 and 4-qubit Heisenberg models, LiH, H_2 and observe a factor of 1.8-3.2 reduction in the number of non-Clifford gates. This suggests Trotter-based simulation of chemistry in second quantization may be even more practical than previously believed.
Incidence of Maxillary Sinus Septa in the Saudi Population
Authors: Mirdad Amani , Alaqeely Razan , Ajlan Sumaiah , Aldosimani Mazin , Ashri Nahid
Published: October 2022

Background
The variability in the maxillary sinus anatomy makes dental implant planning challenging. One of the anatomical landmarks that could affect the decision for implant placement around the maxillary sinus is the sinus septa. This study aimed to retrospectively determine the prevalence, anatomical distribution, and morphology of the maxillary sinus septa.
Materials and methods
This study included 309 CBCT images that were analyzed to determine the prevalence, height, location, and orientation of the maxillary sinus septa. Descriptive statistics, Mann‒Whitney U tests, and Kruskal‒Wallis tests were used for data analysis.
Results
A total of 618 maxillary sinuses were analyzed. Maxillary septa were present in 30% (n = 188) of the sinuses and in approximately 45% of the analyzed images. The mean height of the septa was 5.09 mm. The presence of bilateral septa was evident in 49 subjects (35.25%). Female subjects were significantly more likely to have only one septum (n = 67, 53.6%, p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The presence of septa is very common, found in one-third to approximately half of the evaluated cases, which warrants careful examination before any surgical interventions to avoid possible complications.
Prevalence and Socio-demographic correlates of mental health problems among adolescent students in eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hunduma Gari , Dessie Yadeta , Geda Biftu , Yadeta Tesfaye Assebe , Deyessa Negussie
Published: October 2022

Background
Adolescence is a developmental stage that marked by role uncertainty, a lot of stress, and emotional instability, all of which lead them to harmful behavior and poor mental health. Adolescent mental health problems are a substantial burden on society and a serious public health concern, it has not been well assessed in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of of mental health problems among in-school adolescents in Harari region, Eastern Ethiopia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3227 in-school adolescents studying in private and public schools in Harari region, eastern Ethiopia. Multistage sampling was used to select primary and secondary school students who participated in the study. Guided self-administered strength and difficulty questionnaire measured mental health problems. Data were double entered, validated, and cleaned using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using STATA 17. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio between socio-demographic data and mental health problems. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05.
Results
The magnitudes of mental health problems among in-school adolescents by subscale was 24.17% (95% CI: 22.72; 25.67) for internalizing and 11.93% (95% CI: 10.85; 13.09) for externalizing problems. High level of internalizing problem score was more likely among rural residents (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.23; 2.15), married adolescents (AOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.10; 1.84), attending public schools (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.18; 1.78), and adolescents whose father’s occupation was farmer (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.01; 1.86). Likewise, the likelihood of high-level of externalizing problem score was high among rural (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.72; 3.46); married adolescents (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.02; 2.02); adolescents who live with eight and above family members (AOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01; 1.65); and adolescents whose fathers’ are not educated (AOR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.08; 1.35).
Conclusion
This study revealed that a significant proportion of in-school adolescents experienced either internalizing or externalizing mental problems. The findings highlight the urgent need for better detection, intervention, and prevention strategies for in-school adolescents, particularly focusing on boys, rural residents, public school students, and those whose fathers are farmers and uneducated to reduce mental health problems.
A multi-criteria evaluation and optimization of sustainable fiber-reinforced concrete developed with nylon waste fibers and micro-silica
Authors: Ali Babar , Azab Marc , Kurda Rawaz , Kahla Nabil Ben , Atig Miniar
Published: October 2022

Nylon waste fibers (NWF) similar to new nylon fibers possess high tensile strength and toughness, hence, they can be used as an eco-friendly discrete reinforcement in high-strength concrete (HSC). This study aimed to analyze the mechanical and permeability characteristics and life cycle impact of HSC with varying amounts of NWF and micro-silica (MS). The results proved that NWF was highly beneficial to the tensile and flexural strength of HSC. At the combined addition of 0.5% NWF and 7.5% MS, splitting-tensile and flexural strength of HSC experienced net improvements of 49% and 55%, respectively. Lower doses of NWF were beneficial to the durability of HSC. However, 1% NWF was harmful to the durability of concrete. For the optimum mechanical performance of HSC, 0.5% NWF can be used with 7.5% MS. The use of MS also nullified the negative effect of the high volume of NWF on the penetration resistance of HSC.
Colour information biases facial age estimation and reduces inter-observer variability
Authors: Hsieh Jean Y. J. , Boyce W. Paul , Goddard Erin , Clifford Colin W.G.
Published: October 2022

Age estimation is a perceptual task that people perform automatically and effortlessly on a daily basis. Colour has been identified as one of the facial cues that contributes to age perception. To investigate further the role of colour in age perception, we manipulated the chromatic content of facial images holistically. In Experiment 1, images were shown in colour or greyscale; in Experiment 2, images were shown with red-green contrast increased or decreased; in Experiment 3, images were shown with modified yellow-blue contrast. We examined whether the presence of chromatic information biases the perception of age and/or affects inter-observer variability in age judgements, and whether specific chromatic information affects the perception of age. We found that the same face tended to be judged as younger with increased red-green contrast compared to decreased red-green contrast, suggesting that red-green contrast directly affects age perception. Inter-observer variability in age ratings was significantly lower when participants were asked to rate colour compared with greyscale versions of images. This finding indicates that colour carries information useful cues for age estimation.
Transcriptome profiling of two Moringa species and insights into their antihyperglycemic activity
Authors: Shafi Mohamed , Sajeevan Radha Sivarajan , Kouser Sania , Vishnuprasad Chethala N. , Sowdhamini Ramanathan
Published: October 2022

Background
Moringa concanensis Nimmo (MC), a plant that resembles Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO), has less scientific information but has traditionally been used as a medicinal plant. Moringa species have long been known for their medicinal qualities, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antihyperglycemic effects. We investigated the anti-diabetic potential of MC and MO species in this study by using transcriptome profiling, metabolite analysis, and in vitro assay studies.
Results
Our transcriptome analysis revealed the expression of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and benzylamine, all of which have previously been shown to have anti-diabetic activity. We compared the expression patterns of five different tissues from MC and MO and it was found that the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis if these compounds were highly expressed in leaf tissue. The expression estimated by MC transcriptome data in different tissues was verified using RT-qPCR analysis. The amount of these compounds was further quantified in the crude leaf extract of both species and found that MC had a higher abundance of quercetin and chlorogenic acid than MO. The crude leaf extract from both MC and MO were further tested in vitro, and the results demonstrated strong inhibitory activity for 𝛼-glucosidase and DPP-IV enzymes. Our findings suggest that compounds in leaf tissue, such as quercetin, benzylamine, and chlorogenic acid, could play a significant role in this antidiabetic activity. In addition, when comparing MO plants, we found that MC had a slightly higher effect in expression, abundance, and inhibitory activity.
Conclusions
This study presents the first report of MC transcriptome data, as well as a comparison of its anti-diabetic activity to MO. Our analysis discussed the significance of leaf tissue in antidiabetic activity compared to other tissues of both species. Overall, this study not only provides transcriptome resources for Moringa species, but also sheds light on antidiabetic potential of both species.
Advertising Contents of Child Health Drinks in India -An Analysis of Trends and Pattern
Authors: Dey Sri Rajib , Barman Arup , Chakraborty Nilanjana , Elngar Ahmed A.
Published: October 2022

The objective of this paper is to study the trend and pattern of advertising content for child health drinks in India. A detailed analysis of the advertisement content of 5 child health drink brands for 6 years has been undertaken in this study. The majority of the brand's core focus area was growth. The most highlighted nutrient among the brand was protein. Maximum brands have highlighted more than one nutrient in their advertisements. Most of the brands have displayed scientific information and 100% of the brands have shown health benefits in their ads. The celebrity or HCP was present in most of the brand’s advertisements. Regarding location, it was found that in the majority of the brand's advertisements there was a combination of location i.e., home, leisure & shop. All the brands have used rational and emotional appeals in their advertisements. In the majority of the brands' advertisements, the lead voice was female. In child-parent interaction, most of the brands have shown the mother in the parents’ position. However, in the advertisement content, there was no verbal mention of a balanced diet, RDA, and calories which are very important from a child’s health point of view. As there are several studies that suggest the rise in childhood obesity and the association of television advertisements with it. The policymakers also need to closely look into the advertising content and act for the benefit of the child’s health.
False-negative factors of percutaneous transluminal clamp biopsy for biliary stricture: 194 case analyses from a single center
Authors: Zhang Chengzhi , Song Mengyao , Sun Zhanguo , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang , Jiao Dechao
Published: October 2022

Objective:To study the predictive factors of false negatives in the diagnosis of biliary stricture (BS) by percutaneous transluminal clamp biopsy (PTCB).Method:From January 2016 to January 2021, 194 patients with a high suspicion of malignant tumors due to BS underwent PTCB during biliary drainage at our department. The final diagnosis was confirmed by postoperative pathology, other tissue or cell evidence, or medical imaging follow-up. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed on the pathological results, summarizing the independent risk factors for false-negative value (FNV) to help further clinical diagnosis and treatment.Results:Of the 194 cases, 144 and 18 cases were diagnosed as malignant and benign BS, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, false-positive value and FNV of PTCB were 81.8%, 100%, 0% and 18.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that noncholangiocarcinoma PS was an independent risk factor for FNV of PTCB [odds ratio 7.5, (95% CI 1.74-32.6), p<0.01].ConclusionPTCB is an effective minimally invasive interventional technique for BS diagnosis. Noncholangiocarcinoma BS is an independent risk factor for FNV.
How do stroke Early Supported Discharge services achieve intensive and responsive service provision? Findings from a realist evaluation study (WISE).
Authors: Chouliara Niki , Cameron Trudi , Byrne Adrian , Lewis Sarah , Langhorne Peter , Robinson Thompson , Waring Justin , Walker Marion , Fisher Rebecca
Published: October 2022

Background: Stroke Early Supported Discharge (ESD) involves provision of responsive and intensive rehabilitation to stroke survivors at home and it is recommended as part of the stroke care pathway. Core components have been identified to guide the delivery of evidence-based ESD, however, service provision in England is of variable quality. The study sought to understand how and in what conditions the adoption of these components drives the delivery of responsive and intensive ESD services in real world settings.
Methods: This qualitative study was part of a wider multimethod realist evaluation project (WISE) conducted to inform large-scale ESD implementation. Overarching programme theories and related context–mechanism–outcome configurations were used as a framework to guide data collection and analysis. Six case study sites were purposively selected; interviews and focus groups with ESD staff members were conducted and analysed iteratively.
Results: We interviewed 117 ESD staff members including clinicians and service managers. Staff highlighted the role of certain core components including eligibility criteria, capacity, team composition and multidisciplinary team (MDT) coordination in achieving responsive and intensive ESD. Regardless of the geographical setting, adhering to evidence-based selection criteria, promoting an interdisciplinary skillset and supporting the role of rehabilitation assistants, allowed teams to manage capacity issues and maximise therapy time. Gaps in the stroke care pathway, however, meant that teams had to problem solve beyond their remit to cater for the complex needs of patients with severe disabilities. Adjusting MDT structures and processes was seen as key in addressing challenges posed by travel times and rural geography.
Conclusions: Despite variations in the wider service model of operation and geographical location, the adoption of core components of ESD helped teams manage the pressures and deliver services that met evidence-based standards. Findings point to a well-recognised gap in service provision in England for stroke survivors who do not meet the ESD criteria and emphasise the need for a more integrated and comprehensive stroke service provision. Transferable lessons could be drawn to inform improvement interventions aimed at promoting evidence-based service delivery in different settings.
Trial registration: ISRCTN: 15568163, registration date: 26 October 2018.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the ultrasonic vibrations effects on the tube hydroforming process in a die with a square cross-section
Authors: Shahri Seyyed Ehsan Eftekhari , Lakhi Mohamad , Doostabad Iman Taheri
Published: October 2022

The use of tube hydroforming process to produce integrated parts is growing in various industries. In this research, the hydroforming process has been used to convert the circular cross-section of the tube into a square one. In this process, due to the high hydrostatic pressure of the fluid, the friction in the contact area between the tube and the die surface increases significantly. High friction prevents the metal flowing of the tube material on the die surface and therefore it becomes very difficult to completely form the tube inside the die and obtain sharp corners. In this research, in order to improve the tube formability, applying ultrasonic vibrations to the hydroforming die has been used, which causes a temporary gap to be created in the contact surface of the tube and the die, and therefore the amount of friction is reduced and the tube material can slide more easily. By developing a 3D finite element model, the ultrasonic tube hydroforming process was evaluated. Modal analysis was used to evaluate the different shape modes of the die. The effects of ultrasonic vibrations on the deformation process have been evaluated using two variables: corner radius of square die and average wall thickness. An ultrasonic hydroforming setup was designed to form the annealed copper tube and was stimulated using selected resonance frequencies. The results of the finite element model were validated with the deformed tube in the experimental test. After confirming the results, the numerical model was used to evaluate the process parameters.
Association of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iranian patients
Authors: Erfanian Saiedeh , Mir Hamed , Roustazadeh Abazar
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), which was demonstrated to stimulate insulin secretion. Relation of GIPR gene variation to type 2 diabetes mellitus has been suggested in previous studies. The aim of the study was to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter and coding regions of GIPR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and methods
Two hundred subjects including 100 healthy and 100 T2DM patients were recruited in the study. Genotypes and allele frequency of rs34125392, rs4380143 and rs1800437 in the promoter, 5ʹ UTR and coding region of GIPR were investigated by RFLP-PCR and Nested-PCR.
Results
Our finding indicated that rs34125392 genotype distribution was statistically different between T2DM and healthy groups (P = 0.043). In addition, distribution of T/- + -/- versus TT was significantly different between the both groups (P = 0.021). Moreover, rs34125392 T/- genotype increased the risk of T2DM (OR = 2.68, 95%CI = 1.203–5.653, P = 0.015). However, allele frequency and genotype distribution of rs4380143 and rs1800437 were not statistically different between the groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
We concluded that GIPR gene polymorphism is associated with T2DM.In addition; rs34125392 heterozygote genotype may increase the risk of T2DM. More studies with large sample size in other populations are recommended to show the ethnical relation of these polymorphisms to T2DM.
Convergence in a Dynamic Model of Tax Compliance
Authors: Mahanta Amarjyoti
Published: October 2022

We study a dynamic model of tax compliance. The tax authority adjusts the fraction of firms it is going to audit based on a naive rule, which depends on a fixed target on tax collection. If the tax collection is less than the target, the fraction of the firms audited by the authority increases and vice-versa. The replicator equation determines the fraction of firms complying with tax in each period. The dynamical system generated based on the decisions of the firms and the tax authority has a unique interior equilibrium. The unique interior equilibrium is locally stable. We rule out the presence of the closed orbits in a bounded region which contains the interior equilibrium point using the Dulac condition. Then, we get that the trajectories converge at the interior equilibrium point as a corollary of Poincare Bendixson theorem.
One velocity loss threshold does not fit all: consideration of sex, training status, history, and personality traits when monitoring and controlling fatigue during resistance training
Authors: Jukic Ivan , Prnjak Katarina , McGuigan Michael R. , Helms Eric R.
Published: October 2022

Purpose
This study aimed to quantify the potential variability in the volume of work completed after reaching different velocity loss (VL) thresholds and determine the effects of sex, training status and history, as well as psychological traits on the reliability and magnitude of the amount of work completed after reaching different VL thresholds using different loads in the back squat exercise.
Methods
Fifty-one resistance-trained people (15 females and 36 males; 18 to 40 years of age) with a wide range of strength levels, training experience, and different training practices were recruited and performed a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test, and two repetitions to failure (RTF) tests 72 hours apart. RTF tests were performed with 70, 80, and 90% of 1RM with 10 minutes of rest between sets.
Results
The findings of the present study question the utility of using VL thresholds to prescribe RT volume as the agreement in the amount of work completed across two consecutive testing sessions was not acceptable. Regardless of the load used, females completed more repetitions than males across VL thresholds, while males performed repetitions at higher velocities. In addition, individuals with higher levels of emotional stability also tended to perform more repetitions across VL thresholds. Finally, sex, choice of load, strength levels and training practices, as well as emotional stability affected the linearity of the repetition-velocity relationship and when sets terminated.
Conclusion
Using the same VL thresholds for all individuals, while assuming generalisability of the stimuli applied, would likely lead to variable acute physiological responses to RT and divergent neuromuscular adaptations over the long term. Therefore, VL monitoring practices could be improved by considering sex, training status, history, and psychological traits of individuals due to their effects on the variability in responses to different VL thresholds.
Agios Petros and the Neolithic Pottery Making Traditions of the Deserted Islands, Northern Sporades, Greece
Authors: Barouda Archontoula , Quinn Patrick , Efstratiou Nikos
Published: October 2022

The Neolithic sites of the Cyclops Cave and Agios Petros provide insights into the once flourishing culture that inhabited the ‘Deserted Islands’ of the northern Sporades in the Greek north Aegean. Building on scientific analysis of ceramics from the seasonally inhabited Cyclops Cave, the present study examines in detail 37 sherds from the more permanently settled site of Agios Petros on the adjacent island, using a combination of thin section petrography, geochemistry, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The two ceramic assemblages have been directly compared, revealing close similarities and differences that provide insights into the relationship between the neighbouring sites and their functions. The chaîne opératoire of the dominant local pottery making tradition of the Deserted Islands is reconstructed and its implications for the traditions and identity of the Agios Petros-Yioura/Northern Sporades Culture are considered.
Comparison of the Oral and Dental Health Awareness Levels of Pregnant Individuals from a Sociocultural and Socioeconomİc Point of View: A Pilot Study from Turkey
Authors: YILDIRIM Ozgun , TURKMENOGLU Kadir , MOLLAOGLU Nur
Published: October 2022

Background
Hormonal changes occur during pregnancy and their effects on oral and dental health have been investigated for a long time. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the sociocultural and socioeconomic status of pregnant patients who applied to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery for tooth extraction as well as their level of awareness about oral and dental health.
Methods
A questionnaire including total of 16 questions about their awareness, practices and attitudes towards oral and dental health was filled by 193 pregnant volunteers, and the results were evaluated statistically.
Results
When the attitudes of pregnant women towards oral and dental health were examined according to their monthly income, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). However, it was determined that the attitudes of pregnant women with a middle income towards oral and dental health were better. In addition, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the level of consciousness between those who had a dental examination during pregnancy and those who did not (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Not all the pregnant women are always aware that they may have problems by their oral and dental health during their pregnancy and moreover, they are not always well informed by the health personnel. It seems there is a lack of dental health controls in Turkey for pregnants. This pilot study indicates that oral health screening needs to be a routine procedure of antenatal clinics in Turkey in order to inform pregnants in detail regardless of their sociocultural and socioeconomic status to reach better oral health and consequently better pregnancy outcomes.
Early flowering of the transgenic rice with AtNF-YB1
Authors: Peng Meifang , Gan Feng , Pan Chunmei , Lin Xiaomin , Lin Feng , Ren Yuanhang , Na Shungui , Zhu Xinhai , Tang Wenwen , Wu Zhixue , Fan Xiaoli , Chen Kegui
Published: October 2022

Grain yield and growth period are two critical agronomic traits for a rice cultivar to be used in the field. The growth period is determined by flowering time, which also greatly affects grain yield. An Arabidopsis gene, AtNF-YB1, was introduced into rice, including Kasalath and two hybrids, Jinfeng X Chenghui 727 and Jinfeng XChuanhui 907. All the transgenic rice showed early flowering in both natural long-day (NLD) and natural short-day (NSD) conditions because of suppression of Ghd7 transcription resulting in early activating the flowering transition. The of pure line of Kasalath with the gene showed also shorter plant height and less grain yield with a decrease in spike length and grain number but more productive panicle. But, for the hybrids, a little or no reduction of spike length, grain number, and more productive panicles were observed so that grain yields were kept or even increased under NLD conditions. RNA-Seq further demonstrated that three pathways related to plant photosynthesis were markedly up-regulated in the transgenic Jinfeng B and hybrid Jinfeng X Chuanhui 907. Measurements of photosynthetic parameters indicated that photosynthetic rates were up-regulated with an increase of chlorophyll contents in the transgenic Jinfeng B and hybrid Jinfeng XChuanghui 907. The results suggest that AtNF-YB1could be useful for creating rice variety with early ripening, particularly for hybrid rice.
Adaptive Resistance to Lorlatinib via EGFR Signaling in ALK-rearranged Lung Cancer
Authors: Yamada Tadaaki , Katayama Yuki , Tanimura Keiko , Tokuda Shinsaku , Morimoto Kenji , Hirai Soichi , Matsui Yohei , Nakamura Ryota , Ishida Masaki , Kawachi Hayato , Yoneda Kazue , Hosoya Kazutaka , Tsuji Takahiro , Ozasa Hiroaki , Yoshimura Akihiro , Iwasaku Masahiro , Kim Young , Horinaka Mano , Sakai Toshiyuki , Takayama Koichi
Published: October 2022

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors rarely elicit complete responses in patients with advanced ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as a small population of tumor cells survives due to adaptive resistance. Therefore, we focused on the mechanisms underlying adaptive resistance to lorlatinib and therapeutic strategies required to overcome them. We found that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling was involved in the adaptive resistance to lorlatinib in ALK-rearranged NSCLC, activation of which was induced by heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor production via c-Jun activation. EGFR inhibition halted ALK-rearranged lung cancer cell proliferation by enhancing ALK inhibition-induced apoptosis via suppression of Bcl-xL. Xenograft models showed that the combination of EGFR inhibitor and lorlatinib considerably suppressed tumor regrowth following cessation of these treatments. This study provides new insights regarding tumor evolution due to EGFR signaling after lorlatinib treatment and the development of combined therapeutic strategies for ALK-rearranged lung cancer.
Toxin expression during Staphylococcus aureus infection imprints host immunity to inhibit vaccine efficacy
Authors: Teymournejad Omid , Li Zhaotao , Beesetty Pavani , Yang Ching , Montgomery Christopher
Published: October 2022

Staphylococcus aureus infections are a major public health issue and a vaccine is urgently needed. Despite considerable promise in preclinical models, all vaccines tested thus far have failed to protect humans against S. aureus. Unlike laboratory mice, humans are exposed to S. aureus throughout life. In the current study, we hypothesized that prior exposure to S. aureus “imprints” the immune response to inhibit vaccine-mediated protection. We established a mouse model in which S. aureus skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) is followed by vaccination and secondary SSTI. Unlike naïve mice, S. aureus-sensitized mice were incompletely protected against secondary SSTI by vaccination with the inactivated α-hemolysin (Hla) mutant HlaH35L. Inhibition of protection was specific for the HlaH35L vaccine and required hla expression during primary SSTI. Surprisingly, inhibition occurred at the level of vaccine-elicited effector T cells; hla expression during primary infection limited the expansion of T cells and dendritic cells and impaired vaccine-specific T cell responses. Importantly, the T cell-stimulating adjuvant CAF01 rescued inhibition and restored vaccine-mediated protection. Together, these findings identify a potential mechanism for the failure of translation of promising S. aureus vaccines from mouse models to clinical practice and suggest a path forward to prevent these devastating infections.
Shorter Planning Depth and Higher Response Noise During Sequential Decision-Making in Old Age
Authors: Steffen Johannes , Markovic Dimitrije , Glöckner Franka , Neukam Philipp T. , Kiebel Stefan J. , Li Shu-Chen , Smolka Michael N.
Published: October 2022

Forward planning is crucial to maximize outcome in complex sequential decision-making scenarios. In this cross-sectional study, we were particularly interested in age-related differences of forward planning. We presumed that especially older individuals would show a shorter planning depth to keep the costs of modelbased decision-making within limits. To test this hypothesis, we developed a sequential decision-making task to assess forward planning in younger (age < 40 years; n = 25) and older (age > 60 years; n = 27) adults. By using reinforcement learning modelling, we inferred planning depths from participants' choices. Our results showed significantly shorter planning depths and higher response noise for older adults. Age differences in planning depth were only partially explained by wellknown cognitive covariates such as working memory and processing speed. Consistent with previous findings, this indicates agerelated shifts away from modelbased behaviour in older adults. In addition to a shorter planning depth, our findings suggest that older adults also apply a variety of heuristical low-cost strategies.
The efficacy of postoperative antiviral therapy in elderly HCC patients: a retrospective multicenter propensity score-matched study
Authors: Zhang Jinyu , Wu Qionglan , Zeng Jianxing , Zeng Jinhua , Liu Jingfeng
Published: October 2022

Purpose We investigated the effects of postoperative adjuvant antiviral therapy (AVT) on elderly patients following curative treatment for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 300 elderly patients with HBV-related HCC were recruited, which comprised 123 non-AVT groups and 177 AVT groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was developed to reduce any bias in patient selection. Independent risk factors were identified by Cox regression analysis. Results After PSM, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates in the AVT group and non-AVT group were 97.5%, 76.0%, 55.0%, and 83.5%, 60.1%, 40.9%, (p = 0.003), respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year RFS rates in the AVT group and non-AVT group were 76.6%, 50.2%, 30.4%, and 63.2%, 42.4%, 26.6% (p = 0.120), respectively. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that postoperative adjuvant AVT was the independent protective factor associated with mortality (HR = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.31–0.68, p < 0.001). Conclusions Among patients who underwent curative hepatectomy for HBV-related elder HCC. Postoperative adjuvant AVT can improve long-term survival and was the independent protective factor associated with survival after PSM.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) and Response to Late Surfactant Treatment in Premature Infants
Running Title: Ductus Arteriosus and Late Surfactant Treatment
Authors: Beauchene Madeline , Cunningham Alison , Stanford Amy , Bischoff Adrianne , Dagle John , Rios Danielle , Klein Jonathan , Giesinger Regan , McNamara Patrick
Published: October 2022

Objective
To determine clinical/echocardiography (ECHO) phenotype of response to late surfactant, according to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) status.
Study Design
Infants ≤26+6 weeks gestational age (GA), who received ≥1 surfactant dose after postnatal day 6 with known PDA status, were enrolled. Response to surfactant, based on change in respiratory severity score, and relationship with PDA status were evaluated via univariate analysis.
Results
In total, 35 patients were enrolled (total of 71 doses of surfactant), whose mean weight and GA at birth were 595g(508, 696) and 23.3(22.7, 25) weeks. Positive response to late surfactant was independently associated with absence of PDA [OR 26(2, 334), p=0.01] whereas presence of PDA was associated with negative response [OR 12(1.1, 126), p=0.04].
Conclusions
In neonates ≤26+6 weeks gestation response to late surfactant is influenced by PDA status. Future trials should consider PDA status when refining patient selection for late surfactant treatment.
Microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum in the Alginate/Chitosan improves immunity, disease resistance, and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Bahrami Zahra , Roomiani Laleh , Javadzadeh Narges , Sary Aboalfazl Askary , Javaheri Mehran
Published: October 2022

This study evaluated the effects of microencapsulation of L. plantarum (as a probiotic) ‎with chitosan/alginate biopolymers ‎(MLCA) on innate immune response, disease resistance, and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four hundred and eighty fish were randomly distributed in glass tanks (150 L) and fed with diets including Diet 1: Control; ‎‎ Diet 2: 10 g kg-1 microcapsules‎; Diet 3: 108 CFU g-1 L. plantarum ; and Diet 4: ‎10 g kg-1 MLCA for 60 days. The hematology and biochemical indices, lysozyme activity, alternative complement activities, respiratory burst, serum bactericidal activity as well as growth performance parameters (specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio) were assayed. White blood cells, plasma protein and globulin concentration, serum lysozyme, and respiratory burst activities of fish were significantly increased in the MLCA diet. A challenge test against Streptococcus agalactiae , at the end of the experiment, showed the highest survival rate of the fish fed with MLCA. Moreover, the fish fed with MLCA showed a significant improvement in SGR and FCR and had the highest growth performance. These results suggest longer stability of probiotics in the microcapsules, and their immunomodulatory effect can be considered a promising immunostimulant and growth enhancer in the Nile tilapia diet.
Screening of breast cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Xu Yuehong , Niu Changchun
Published: October 2022

Background Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and its incidence is increasing year by year and tends to be younger, which seriously threatens women's life and health. Therefore, the search for more sensitive and specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer is an urgent need. Object Screening potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer using bioinformatics analysis.
Method GEO2R was used to analyze the gene differential expression of the breast cancer chips screened in the comprehensive gene expression database, and the DAVID online analysis website was used to conduct GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the differential genes and visualized them by R language. Finally, the five genes with the most significant differences were screened for further analysis, and the survival analysis of the five most significant genes was carried out through the GEPIA online analysis website, and the expression levels of these five differential genes were verified in the TCGA database and GTEx database.
Result Through differential analysis of cancer samples from breast cancer patients and normal breast samples, a total of 965 differential genes were obtained, 833 were down-regulated and 132 were up-regulated. Differentially expressed genes were enriched for different GO subsets such as angiogenesis, plasma membrane, and integrin binding, PPAR signaling pathways, regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes, and glycerollipid metabolism. The five genes with the most significant differences were CA4, PLIN4, GPD1, TUSC5, and S100B, and the expression levels of these five genes in breast cancer tissues were lower than those in normal breast tissues. GEPIA online analysis of the five most significantly differentially expressed genes, we found that the gene S100B has a significant relationship with the prognosis of patients. The higher the expression of the S100B gene, the better the prognosis of the patient. However, the expression levels of CA4, PLIN4, GPD1, and TUSC5 genes were not significantly associated with the prognosis of patients. The expression levels of these five genes in the TCGA database and GTEx database were down-regulated in breast cancer, and there was statistical significance.
Conclusion The five most significantly differentially expressed genes, CA4, PLIN4, GPD1, TUSC5, and S100B, are expected to be potential diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients. The gene S100B has prognostic value for breast cancer patients. The higher the expression of the S100B gene, the better the prognosis of patients.
How Do Cancer Patients Refuse Treatment? A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Khankeh Hamid Reza , Vojdani Reza , Saber Mahboobeh , Imanieh Mohamadhadi
Published: October 2022

Background
All cancer patients, except for a small fraction, seek treatment after becoming aware of the disease. That small fraction do not seek any treatment due to various reasons, and this phenomenon is unknown to us. Therefore, the present study aimed to discover the reasons for treatment refusal in cancer patients.
Methods
This qualitative grounded theory study was conducted on 22 participants including patients, caregivers, physicians, and nurses. Purposive theoretical sampling was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews. All interviews were gradually transcribed and analyzed. Data analysis was carried out through the three-step method of open, axial, and selective coding and was continued until theoretical saturation. Straussian Grounded Theory was used for data analysis.
Results
A total of 4 themes and 20 sub-themes were extracted in this study. The core variable extracted from the interviews was "resilience" Other related themes included encounter with cancer, fighting cancer, and coping with cancer. The findings showed that in the context of fighting cancer, patients lost their tolerance through various processes and refused treatment.
Conclusion
Cancer patients abandon the treatment in silence, oncologists and even family members being unaware of the matter. In other words, refusal of treatment is like an iceberg and the majority of the patients who have abandoned treatment are unknown to the health system. The model obtained in this study can increase the knowledge of the process that leads patients to lose their tolerance against cancer and abandon treatment, which can increase the possibility of recognizing and predicting treatment refusal for oncologists.