bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bottom-up change in frozen conflicts: Transnational struggles and mechanisms of recognition in Western Sahara
Authors: Fernández-Molina Irene
Published: January 2019

This article proposes a typology of causal mechanisms whereby transnational relations of recognition constitute conflict actors in frozen conflicts. While the agency of an emerging conflict actor manifests itself in ‘struggles for recognition’ motivated by experiences of ‘disrespect’, responses from different significant others vary in terms of motivations and pathways (mechanisms of recognition). Adapting Honneth’s tripartite division, the typology distinguishes between four forms of recognition: thin cognitive recognition, ‘respect’/rights, ‘esteem’/difference, and ‘love’/empathy. Three transnational corrections are made in order to include transnational relations of recognition, non-state actors, and unstructured social-relational forms of international/transnational recognition. The typology is applied to the conflict of Western Sahara, which has been reshaped by the rise of internal Sahrawi pro-independence groups (based inside the territory annexed by Morocco) as an increasingly relevant conflict actor, with their identity shifting from victims to human rights activists to activists involved in an unsolved conflict. This identity and social-status formation has been the product of transnational recognition from three significant others: the annexing state (Morocco), the contested state-in-exile (SADR), and the international community. The overall effect of intermingling recognition processes, including various instrumental initiatives deprived of mutuality, has been increased struggle and conflict complexity rather than ‘recognitional peace’.
Bayesian evaluation of three serological tests for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman A. K. M. A. , Smit S. , Devleesschauwer B. , Kostoulas P. , Abatih E. , Saegerman C. , Shamsuddin M. , Berkvens D. , Dhand N. K. , Ward M. P.
Published: January 2019

We evaluated the performance of three serological tests – an immunoglobulin G indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA), a Rose Bengal test and a slow agglutination test (SAT) – for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in Bangladesh. Cattle sera (n = 1360) sourced from Mymensingh district (MD) and a Government owned dairy farm (GF) were tested in parallel. We used a Bayesian latent class model that adjusted for the conditional dependence among the three tests and assumed constant diagnostic accuracy of the three tests in both populations. The sensitivity and specificity of the three tests varied from 84.6% to 93.7%, respectively. The true prevalences of bovine brucellosis in MD and the GF were 0.6% and 20.4%, respectively. Parallel interpretation of iELISA and SAT yielded the highest negative predictive values: 99.9% in MD and 99.6% in the GF; whereas serial interpretation of both iELISA and SAT produced the highest positive predictive value (PPV): 99.9% in the GF and also high PPV (98.9%) in MD. We recommend the use of both iELISA and SAT together and serial interpretation for culling and parallel interpretation for import decisions. Removal of brucellosis positive cattle will contribute to the control of brucellosis as a public health risk in Bangladesh.
Predominance of influenza B/Yamagata lineage viruses in Bulgaria during the 2017/2018 season
Authors: Korsun N. S. , Angelova S. G. , Trifonova I. T. , Georgieva I. L. , Tzotcheva I. S. , Mileva S. D. , Voleva S. E. , Kurchatova A. M. , Perenovska P. I.
Published: January 2019

In this study, we investigated the antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza viruses circulating in Bulgaria during the 2017/2018 season. The detection and typing/subtyping of influenza viruses were performed using real-time RT-PCR. Results of antigenic characterisation, phylogenetic and amino acid sequence analyses of representative influenza strains are presented. The season was characterised by the predominance of B/Yamagata viruses, accounting for 77% of detected influenza viruses, followed by A(H1N1)pdm09 (17%), B/Victoria (3.7%) and A(H3N2) (2.4%). The sequenced B/Yamagata, B/Victoria, A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses belonged to the genetic groups 3, 1A, 6B.1 and 3C.2a1, respectively. Amino acid analysis of B/Yamagata isolates revealed the presence of three changes in haemagglutinin (HA), eight changes in neuraminidase (NA) and a number of substitutions in internal proteins compared with the B/Phucket/3073/2013 vaccine virus. Despite the amino acid changes, B/Yamagata viruses remained antigenically related to the vaccine strain. B/Victoria isolates fell into a group of viruses with double deletion (Δ162–163) in HA1. Substitutions in HA and NA sequences of B/Victoria, A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses were also identified compared with the vaccine strains, including in antigenic sites. The results of this study confirm the genetic variability of circulating influenza viruses and the need for continual antigenic and molecular surveillance.
Occurrence of nutritional hypocalcaemic rickets-related dilated cardiomyopathy in a child with concomitant rickets and infantile-onset Pompe disease
Authors: Yeşilbaş Osman , Epçaçan Serdar
Published: January 2019

Infantile-onset Pompe disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterised with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, respiratory insufficiency, and hypotonia. Dilated cardiomyopathy is an extremely rare and curable complication of nutritional hypocalcaemic rickets. A 3-month-old female infant was referred to our paediatric ICU with a 4-day history of fatigue, tachypnoea, tachycardia, hypoxia, and respiratory failure. According to the laboratory, radiology, and echocardiography findings, she was first diagnosed with nutritional hypocalcaemic rickets-related dilated cardiomyopathy, but vitamin D and elementary calcium supplementation unmasked the underlying infantile-onset Pompe disease. Nutritional hypocalcaemic rickets and infantile-onset Pompe disease must always be kept in mind among the causes of concomitant dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Seismic Evidence for Lateral Asthenospheric Flow Beneath the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau Derived From S Receiver Functions
Authors: Xu Qiang , Pei Shunping , Yuan Xiaohui , Zhao Junmeng , Liu Hongbing , Tu Hongwei , Chen Shuze
Published: January 2019

We present detailed lithospheric images of the NE Tibetan Plateau by applying the depth migration technique to S receiver functions derived from 113 broadband stations. Our migrated images indicate that the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary (LAB) lies at depths of 105–120 km beneath the Qilian terrane and reaches depths of 126–140 km below the Alxa and Ordos blocks. The most prominent variation in the LAB depth is the presence of LAB steps of no less than 20 km in the transition zone between the active NE Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding cratonic Alxa and Ordos blocks, which conflicts with the model of southward subduction of the Alxa and Ordos blocks. Furthermore, the marked LAB steps occur at 130 ± 10 km away from the southern surficial boundary faults between the NE Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding tectonic provinces, corresponding to the North Qilian fault and the Liupanshan fault, respectively. Therefore, we propose that these scenarios of LAB can be attributed to the delamination of fragmented mantle lithosphere in the transition zone between the NE Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding Alxa and Ordos blocks, triggered by lateral asthenospheric flow. In addition, our observations of a thin lithosphere with thickness of 107–115 km beneath the Songpan‐Ganzi terrane and the west Qinlin orogen greatly facilitate the process of underlying lateral asthenospheric flow. The isostatic uplift of the plateau caused by the delamination of fragmented mantle lithosphere, together with increased horizontal compressive stress, may have led to the outward growth of the NE Tibetan Plateau.
Quantifying the Contribution of Microbursts to Global Electron Loss in the Radiation Belts
Authors: Greeley A. D. , Kanekal S. G. , Baker D. N. , Klecker B. , Schiller Q.
Published: January 2019

We use the Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer to explore the relationship between microbursts and global flux decay of electrons from the outer Van Allen belt during the recovery phase of geomagnetic storms. We investigate the correlation between microbursts and global electron loss in each of the quasi‐trapped (drift loss cone), stably trapped, and untrapped electron (bounce loss cone) populations. For the quasi‐trapped electrons, we separately classify the storms as driven by coronal mass ejections or corotating interaction regions and explore their connection to microburst loss. We find that the decay lifetime of electron fluxes, that is, e‐folding times of macroscopic fluxes in the recovery phase is correlated with strong microburst activity. That is, when the microburst activity is high, global flux decay times are short, and vice versa, suggesting a cross‐scale coupling between microloss and macroloss phenomena. Furthermore, we find that the microburst to global loss coupling is predominant in the quasi‐trapped population of radiation belt electrons while having negligible influence on the untrapped and stably trapped populations. We find that microburst activity during storms driven by coronal mass ejections is coupled more strongly with global flux decay as compared with corotating interaction regions. In addition, we find that distance from the plasmapause is likely a better indicator of microburst location than L‐shell, with most microbursts occurring ~0.5–2.0 L from the model plasmapause location.
A New Regional Climate Model for POLAR‐CORDEX: Evaluation of a 30‐Year Hindcast with COSMO‐CLM2 Over Antarctica
Authors: Souverijns N. , Gossart A. , Demuzere M. , Lenaerts J. T. M. , Medley B. , Gorodetskaya I. V. , Vanden Broucke S. , van Lipzig N. P. M.
Published: January 2019

Continent‐wide climate information over the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is important to obtain accurate information of present climate and reduce uncertainties of the ice sheet mass balance response and resulting global sea level rise to future climate change. In this study, the COSMO‐CLM2 Regional Climate Model is applied over the AIS and adapted for the specific meteorological and climatological conditions of the region. A 30‐year hindcast was performed and evaluated against observational records consisting of long‐term ground‐based meteorological observations, automatic weather stations, radiosoundings, satellite records, stake measurements and ice cores. Reasonable agreement regarding the surface and upper‐air climate is achieved by the COSMO‐CLM2 model, comparable to the performance of other state‐of‐the‐art climate models over the AIS. Meteorological variability of the surface climate is adequately simulated, and biases in the radiation and surface mass balance are small. The presented model therefore contributes as a new member to the COordinated Regional Downscaling EXperiment project over the AIS (POLAR‐CORDEX) and the CORDEX‐CORE initiative.
Geologic Landforms and Chronostratigraphic History of Charon as Revealed by a Hemispheric Geologic Map
Authors: Robbins Stuart J. , Beyer Ross A. , Spencer John R. , Grundy William M. , White Oliver L. , Singer Kelsi N. , Moore Jeffrey M. , Dalle Ore Cristina M. , McKinnon William B. , Lisse Carey M. , Runyon Kirby , Beddingfield Chloe B. , Schenk Paul , Umurhan Orkan M. , Cruikshank Dale P. , Lauer Tod R. , Bray Veronica J. , Binzel Richard P. , Buie Marc W. , Buratti Bonnie J. , Cheng Andrew F. , Linscott Ivan R. , Reuter Dennis C. , Showalter Mark R. , Young Leslie A. , Olkin Catherine B. , Ennico Kimberly S. , Weaver Harold A. , Stern S. Alan
Published: January 2019

Geologic mapping has been used for over 200 years as a technique to synthesize a complicated surface into a more simplified product, identifying similar types of surface features, and placing them into a relative stratigraphy. Geomorphologic mapping has applied those principles to other terrestrial bodies throughout the solar system and has formed an important product set to understand these surfaces, plan future exploration, and conduct different scientific endeavors. We created a geomorphologic map of the New Horizons encounter hemisphere of Pluto's binary companion, Charon. Ten primary geomorphologic unit categories were identified, covering approximately 35% of Charon's surface, and we used lower resolution data to speculate about other regions of Charon. Over 1,000 linear features were mapped, nearly 90% of them are tectonic in nature, and we use these to provide evidence of Charon being active in its past. Additionally, we placed the mapped features into a chronostratigraphic sequence, and we present a possible surface history for the body. The northern terrain typified by large crustal blocks is the oldest, having fractured early in Charon's history, and potentially similar blocks were submerged in a cryoflow of which the now solid surface of Vulcan Planitia is the remnant today.
Retraction Note: Hsa-miR-623 suppresses tumor progression in human lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wei Shuang , Zhang Zun-yi , Fu Sheng-ling , Xie Jun-gang , Liu Xian-sheng , Xu Yong-jian , Zhao Jian-ping , Xiong Wei-ning
Published: January 2019

The authors have retracted the article [Hsa-miR-623 suppresses tumor progression in human lung adenocarcinoma, Cell Death & Disease volume 7, page e2388 (2016), doi 10.1038/cddis.2016.260] because it has recently come to their attention that the A549 cells used in this research were contaminated with Hela cells, which may have altered the outcome of their experiment. The conclusions of this article are therefore unreliable. All authors agree to this retraction.
Exosomes from differentially activated macrophages influence dormancy or resurgence of breast cancer cells within bone marrow stroma
Authors: Walker Nykia D. , Elias Michael , Guiro Khadidiatou , Bhatia Ranvir , Greco Steven J. , Bryan Margarette , Gergues Marina , Sandiford Oleta A. , Ponzio Nicholas M. , Leibovich Samuel J. , Rameshwar Pranela
Published: January 2019

Breast cancer (BC) cells (BCCs) can retain cellular quiescence for decades, a phenomenon referred to as dormancy. BCCs show preference for the bone marrow (BM) where they can remain dormant for decades. Targeting BCCs within the BM is a challenge since the dormant BCCs reside within BM stroma, also residence for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Dormant BCCs could behave as cancer stem cells (CSCs). The CSCs and HSCs are similar by function and also, by commonly expressed genes. The method by which dormant BCCs transition into clinically metastatic cells remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that macrophages (MΦs) within BM stroma, facilitates dormancy or reverse this state into metastatic cells. MΦs exhibiting an M2 phenotype constitute ~10% of cultured BM stroma. The M2 MΦs form gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) with CSCs, resulting in cycling quiescence, reduced proliferation and carboplatin resistance. In contrast, MΦs expressing the M1 phenotype reversed BC dormancy. Activation of M2a MΦs via the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) switched to M1 phenotype. The switch can occur by direct activation of M2a MΦs, or indirectly through activation of mesenchymal stem cells. M1 MΦ-derived exosomes activated NFкB to reverse quiescent BCCs to cycling cells. Using an in vivo model of BC dormancy, injected Mi MOs sensitized BCCs to carboplatin and increased host survival. In summary, we have shown how BM stromal MΦs, through exosomes, regulate the behavior of BCCs, by either inducing or reversing dormancy.
KDM4B is a coactivator of c-Jun and involved in gastric carcinogenesis
Authors: Wu Meng-Chen , Cheng Hsin-Hung , Yeh Ta-Sen , Li Yi-Chen , Chen Tsan-Jan , Sit Wei Yang , Chuu Chih-Pin , Kung Hsing-Jien , Chien Shu , Wang Wen-Ching
Published: January 2019

KDM4/JMJD2 Jumonji C-containing histone lysine demethylases (KDM4A–D) constitute an important class of epigenetic modulators in the transcriptional activation of cellular processes and genome stability. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is overexpressed in gastric cancer, but the mechanisms and particularly the role of the epigenetic regulation of IL-8, are unclear. Here, we report that KDM4B, but not KDM4A/4C, upregulated IL-8 production in the absence or presence of Helicobacter pylori. Moreover, KDM4B physically interacts with c-Jun on IL-8, MMP1, and ITGAV promoters via its demethylation activity. The depletion of KDM4B leads to the decreased expression of integrin αV, which is exploited by H. pylori carrying the type IV secretion system, reducing IL-8 production and cell migration. Elevated KDM4B expression is significantly associated with the abundance of p-c-Jun in gastric cancer and is linked to a poor clinical outcome. Together, our results suggest that KDM4B is a key regulator of JNK/c-Jun-induced processes and is a valuable therapeutic target.
Engineering of high-precision base editors for site-specific single nucleotide replacement
Authors: Tan Junjie , Zhang Fei , Karcher Daniel , Bock Ralph
Published: January 2019

RNA-guided nucleases of the CRISPR/Cas type can be repurposed as programmable nucleotide deaminases to mediate targeted nucleotide substitutions. Such base editors have enormous potential in genome editing, gene therapy and precision breeding. However, current editors suffer from limited specificity in that they edit different and/or multiple bases within a larger sequence window. Using cytidine deaminase base editors that elicit C-to-T mutations, we show here that high editing precision can be achieved by engineering the connection between the deaminase domain and the Cas domain of the editor. By systematically testing different linker sequences and removing non-essential sequences from the deaminase, we obtain high-precision base editors with narrow activity windows that can selectively edit a single cytidine at a specific position with high accuracy and efficiency. These base editors will enable the use of genome editing in applications where single-nucleotide changes are required and off-target editing of adjacent nucleotides is not tolerable.
Investigation of F-BAR domain PACSIN proteins uncovers membrane tubulation function in cilia assembly and transport
Authors: Insinna Christine , Lu Quanlong , Teixeira Isabella , Harned Adam , Semler Elizabeth M. , Stauffer Jim , Magidson Valentin , Tiwari Ajit , Kenworthy Anne K. , Narayan Kedar , Westlake Christopher J.
Published: January 2019

The intracellular ciliogenesis pathway requires membrane trafficking, fusion, and reorganization. Here, we demonstrate in human cells and zebrafish that the F-BAR domain containing proteins PACSIN1 and -2 play an essential role in ciliogenesis, similar to their binding partner and membrane reorganizer EHD1. In mature cilia, PACSINs and EHDs are dynamically localized to the ciliary pocket membrane (CPM) and transported away from this structure on membrane tubules along with proteins that exit the cilium. PACSINs function early in ciliogenesis at the ciliary vesicle (CV) stage to promote mother centriole to basal body transition. Remarkably, we show that PACSIN1 and EHD1 assemble membrane tubules from the developing intracellular cilium that attach to the plasma membrane, creating an extracellular membrane channel (EMC) to the outside of the cell.
N+-C-H···O Hydrogen bonds in protein-ligand complexes
Authors: Itoh Yukihiro , Nakashima Yusuke , Tsukamoto Shuichiro , Kurohara Takashi , Suzuki Miki , Sakae Yoshitake , Oda Masayuki , Okamoto Yuko , Suzuki Takayoshi
Published: January 2019

In the context of drug design, C-H···O hydrogen bonds have received little attention so far, mostly because they are considered weak relative to other noncovalent interactions such as O-H···O hydrogen bonds, π/π interactions, and van der Waals interactions. Herein, we demonstrate the significance of hydrogen bonds between C-H groups adjacent to an ammonium cation and an oxygen atom (N+-C-H···O hydrogen bonds) in protein-ligand complexes. Quantum chemical calculations revealed details on the strength and geometrical requirements of these N+-C-H···O hydrogen bonds, and a subsequent survey of the Protein Data Bank (PDB) based on these criteria suggested that numerous protein-ligand complexes contain such N+-C-H···O hydrogen bonds. An ensuing experimental investigation into the G9a-like protein (GLP)-inhibitor complex demonstrated that N+-C-H···O hydrogen bonds affect the activity of the inhibitors against the target enzyme. These results should provide the basis for the use of N+-C-H···O hydrogen bonds in drug discovery.
Beclin 1 regulates recycling endosome and is required for skin development in mice
Authors: Noguchi Saori , Honda Shinya , Saitoh Tatsuya , Matsumura Hiroyuki , Nishimura Emi , Akira Shizuo , Shimizu Shigeomi
Published: January 2019

Beclin 1 is a key regulator of autophagy and endocytosis. However, its autophagy-independent functions remain poorly understood. Here, we report that Beclin 1 regulates recycling endosome and is required for skin development in vivo. We first established keratinocyte-specific Beclin 1-knockout mice and found that these mutant mice died owing to severe impairment of epidermal barrier. Beclin 1 plays a role in autophagy and the endocytic pathway in cooperation with Atg14 and UVRAG, respectively, and keratinocyte-specific Atg14-knockout mice do not show any abnormal phenotypes, suggesting that Beclin 1 has a role in skin development via the endocytic pathway. Furthermore, we found that Beclin 1 deficiency causes mislocalization of integrins via a defect of recycling endosome, abnormal cell detachment of basal cells and their immature differentiation, and abnormal skin development. These results provide the first genetic evidence showing the roles of Beclin 1 in recycling endosome and skin development.
Phase selectivity triggered by nanoconfinement: the impact of corral dimensions
Authors: Hu Yi , Bragança Ana M. , Verstraete Lander , Ivasenko Oleksandr , Hirsch Brandon E. , Tahara Kazukuni , Tobe Yoshito , De Feyter Steven
Published: January 2019

Phase behavior of self-assembled molecular networks is affected by spatial confinement in corrals.
Facile synthesis of homochiral compounds integrating circularly polarized luminescence and two-photon excited fluorescence
Authors: Deng Wen-Ting , Qu Hang , Huang Zhe-Yu , Shi Lin , Tang Zhi-Yong , Cao Xiao-Yu , Tao Jun
Published: January 2019

A pair of novel chiral one-dimensional compounds with the general formula [Cd(NO3)2L2]·THF (where L is R- or S-2,2′-bis(methoxymethoxy)-6,6′-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,1′-binaphthyl) for the first time show circularly polarized luminescence, two-photon excited fluorescence, and second harmonic generation activity.
In situ aldehyde-modification of self-assembled acyl hydrazide hydrogels and dynamic component selection from complex aldehyde mixtures
Authors: Beckers Sebastian J. , Parkinson Sam , Wheeldon Elizabeth , Smith David K.
Published: January 2019

Acyl hydrazide functionalised hydrogels can react with aldehydes yielding modified gels with adapted performance, and can dynamically select specific aldehyde components from mixtures.
Unravelling the spatial dependency of the complex solid-state chemistry of Pb in a paint micro-sample from Rembrandt's Homer using XRD-CT
Authors: Price Stephen W. T. , Van Loon Annelies , Keune Katrien , Parsons Aaron D. , Murray Claire , Beale Andrew M. , Mosselmans J. Fred W.
Published: January 2019

X-ray diffraction computed tomography (XRD-CT) has been used to identify the nature of crystalline surface deposits in Rembrandt's Homer.
“Top” or “bottom” switches of a cyclohexanone monooxygenase controlling the enantioselectivity of the sandwiched substrate
Authors: Hu Yujing , Wang Jie , Cen Yixin , Zheng He , Huang Meilan , Lin Xianfu , Wu Qi
Published: January 2019

Single mutation F432I/L or L435A/G remarkably reversed the (−)-selectivity of WT CHMOAcineto.
Flow-chemistry enabled efficient synthesis of β-peptides: backbone topology vs. helix formation
Authors: Nekkaa Imane , Bogdán Dóra , Gáti Tamás , Béni Szabolcs , Juhász Tünde , Palkó Márta , Paragi Gábor , Tóth Gábor K. , Fülöp Ferenc , Mándity István M.
Published: January 2019

Enantiodiscriminative helix formation was observed for β-peptide H14 helices when enantiomers of bridged bicyclic residues were introduced.
Shape-controlled synthesis of Ni nanocrystalsviaa wet-chemistry strategy and their shape-dependent catalytic activity
Authors: Zhou Wen , Zhou Ming , Hu Jingrui , Dong Hongmei , Ou Yingqing , Yang Lin , Wei Xijun , Xiao Peng , Zhang Yunhuai
Published: January 2019

We have synthesized Ni nanocrystals with different shapesviaa facile wet-chemistry strategy, and investigated their shape-dependent performances.
Separation or combination of non-covalently linked partners provides polymorphs of N-(aryl)-2-(propan-2-ylidene)hydrazine carbothioamides
Authors: Tarai Arup , Baruah Jubaraj Bikash
Published: January 2019

Polymorphs of N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-(propan-2ylidene)hydrazine carbothioamide and N-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(propan-2-ylidene)hydrazine carbothioamide differing in homomeric assemblies are described.
Nanoporous gold functionalized with praseodymia–titania mixed oxides as a stable catalyst for the water–gas shift reaction
Authors: Shi Junjie , Wittstock Arne , Mahr Christoph , Murshed M. Mangir , Gesing Thorsten M. , Rosenauer Andreas , Bäumer Marcus
Published: January 2019

Dealloyed nanoporous metals hold great promise in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. In our work, we succeeded to prepare a stable and very active inverse catalyst for the water gas shift reaction by depositing Pr1Ti2Ox on nanoporous gold.
K–O2 electrochemistry: achieving highly reversible peroxide formation
Authors: Reinsberg Philip Heinrich , Koellisch Andreas , Bawol Pawel Peter , Baltruschat Helmut
Published: January 2019

Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry and classical electrochemical methods reveal that electrochemically produced K2O2 can be reversibly reoxidized to O2.
High hydrogen evolution activity and suppressed H2O2 production on Pt-skin/PtFe alloy nanocatalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis
Authors: Shi Guoyu , Yano Hiroshi , Tryk Donald A. , Nohara Shinji , Uchida Hiroyuki
Published: January 2019

Superior activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction was demonstrated on a Pt-skin/PtFe alloy nanocatalyst with suppressed H2O2 generation.
The influence of antenna and anchoring moieties on the improvement of photoelectronic properties in Zn(ii)–porphyrin–TiO2 as potential dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Urzúa-Leiva Rodrigo , Pino-Rios Ricardo , Cárdenas-Jirón Gloria
Published: January 2019

A rational design of Zn(ii)–porphyrins using push–pull strategies to be used with TiO2 in dye sensitized solar cells is presented.
Solvation structure of poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide (PMIA) in ionic liquids
Authors: Winters Jonas , Dehaen Wim , Binnemans Koen
Published: January 2019

Poly-m-phenyleneisophthalamide (PMIA) is soluble in ionic liquids that can break up its hydrogen bond network and form a stable solvation shell through alternating cation–anion interactions.
New developments in composites, copolymer technologies and processing techniques for flexible fluoropolymer piezoelectric generators for efficient energy harvesting
Authors: Shepelin Nick A. , Glushenkov Alexey M. , Lussini Vanessa C. , Fox Phillip J. , Dicinoski Greg W. , Shapter Joseph G. , Ellis Amanda V.
Published: January 2019

A comprehensive review of current developments in flexible fluoropolymer-based piezoelectric generators for sustainable energy harvesting.
Automatised pharmacophoric deconvolution of plant extracts – application toCinchonabark crude extract
Authors: Margueritte Laure , Duciel Laura , Bourjot Mélanie , Vonthron-Sénécheau Catherine , Delsuc Marc-André
Published: January 2019

We report an on-line NMR dereplication pipeline, from raw data to spectral fingerprints of the active compounds.
LA-ICP-TOF-MS for rapid, all-elemental and quantitative bioimaging, isotopic analysis and the investigation of plasma processes
Authors: Bauer Oliver Bolle , Hachmöller Oliver , Borovinskaya Olga , Sperling Michael , Schurek Hans-Joachim , Ciarimboli Giuliano , Karst Uwe
Published: January 2019

This work presents a high-throughput and quasisimultaneous, full-spectral imaging approach for the analysis of cisplatin perfused rat kidneys using LA-ICP-TOF-MS.
A naphthalimide end capped imide-fused benzothiadiazole based small molecule acceptor for organic solar cells
Authors: Lan Liuyuan , Zhao Baofeng , Zhang Jie , Li Yunchuan , Liu Yang , Mai Yuliang , Liao Bing , Gao Chao
Published: January 2019

A novel small molecule acceptor of a naphthalimide terminated imide-fused benzothiadiazole derivative was developed for P3HT-based organic solar cells with a relatively high open-circuit voltage of 0.78 V.
Synthesis of pyrrolidinium-based plastic crystals exhibiting high ionic conductivity at ambient temperature
Authors: Yamaguchi Shun , Yamada Hiromasa , Takeoka Yuko , Rikukawa Masahiro , Yoshizawa-Fujita Masahiro
Published: January 2019

Pyrrolidinium-based plastic crystals were synthesised with various anions to investigate the effect of the anion structure on the properties.
Intrinsic role of pH in altering catalyst properties of NiMoP over alumino-silicate for the vapour phase hydrodeoxygenation of methyl heptanoate
Authors: Ramesh Arumugam , Tamizhdurai Perumal , Suthagar Krishnan , Sureshkumar Kandhasamy , Theres Gubert Sonia , Shanthi Kannan
Published: January 2019

Ni2P, MoP, and NiMoP supported on MAS (10) were successfully prepared using acid and base regulators. The intrinsic role of pH and synergic factors has altered the physicochemical properties of the catalysts, which are responsible for HDO activity.
Editing streptomycete genomes in the CRISPR/Cas9 age
Authors: Alberti Fabrizio , Corre Christophe
Published: January 2019

This article reviews CRISPR/Cas9-based toolkits available to investigate natural product biosynthesis and regulation in streptomycete bacteria.
Insights into highly selective ring expansion of oxaziridines under Lewis base catalysis: a DFT study
Authors: Zhang Qiao-Chu , Li Xue , Wang Xinghua , Li Shi-Jun , Qu Ling-Bo , Lan Yu , Wei Donghui
Published: January 2019

The possible mechanism and stereoselectivity of the NHC-catalyzed ring expansion reaction of oxaziridines have been theoretically studied for the first time.
Controllable reduction of graphene oxide by electron-beam irradiation
Authors: Yang Yu , Chen Liang , Li De-Yuan , Yi Ruo-Bing , Mo Jia-Wei , Wu Ming-Hong , Xu Gang
Published: January 2019

The oxygen content of graphene oxide (GO) is directly related to its physical and chemical properties, such as hydrophilicity, suspension stability, adsorption, and ion-sieving ability of GO membranes.
CrO2-based heterostructure and magnetic tunnel junction: perfect spin filtering effect, spin diode effect and high tunnel magnetoresistance
Authors: Han Jiangchao , Shen Jimei , Gao Guoying
Published: January 2019

Spin-dependent device density of states in the CrO2/TiO2/CrO2 magnetic tunnel junction.
Copper nanoparticles anchored onto boron-doped graphene nanosheets for use as a high performance asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor
Authors: Pandian P. Muthu , Pandurangan A.
Published: January 2019

There is a high demand for high energy and power density in the field of energy storage devices.
Nb-doped and Al2O3 + B2O3-coated granular secondary LiMn2O4 particles as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Chunliu , Zhang Linchao , Yang Junfeng , Xie Zhuoming , Zhang Tao , Wang Jianxin , Fang Qianfeng , Wang Xianping
Published: January 2019

Nb-doped and Al2O3 + B2O3-coated granular secondary LMO particles enabling superior cycling performance at 25 and 55 °C.
Construction of carbon quantum dots/single crystal TiO2 nanosheets with exposed {001} and {101} facets and their visible light driven catalytic activity
Authors: Huang Hongqin , Ouyang Hao , Han Tiehu , Wang Huigang , Zheng Xuming
Published: January 2019

Carbon quantum dots were doped into anatase TiO2 single crystal nanosheets (TNS) with highly exposed {001} and {101} reactive facets by a facile solvothermal process.
Kinetic evaluation of the hydroformylation of the post-metathesis product 7-tetradecene using a bulky phosphite-modified rhodium catalyst
Authors: Breckwoldt Nicholas C. C. , Goosen Neill J. , Vosloo Hermanus C. M. , Van der Gryp Percy
Published: January 2019

A mechanism-based rate model was applied for the hydroformylation of the post-metathesis product 7-tetradecene using a bulky phosphite-modified rhodium catalyst.
In situ formation of highly controllable and stable Na3PS4 as a protective layer for Na metal anode
Authors: Zhao Yang , Liang Jianwen , Sun Qian , Goncharova Lyudmila V. , Wang Jiwei , Wang Changhong , Adair Keegan R. , Li Xiaona , Zhao Feipeng , Sun Yipeng , Li Ruying , Sun Xueliang
Published: January 2019

A facile and in situ solution-based method has been developed to synthesize an artificial protective layer of NaPS on the surface of Na metal with high stable performances.
A hollow microshuttle-shaped capsule covalent organic framework for protein adsorption
Authors: Lu Zhixiang , Liu Yanxiong , Liu Xiaolan , Lu Shuhan , Li Yuan , Yang Shaoxiong , Qin Yu , Zheng Liyan , Zhang Hongbin
Published: January 2019

A hollow microshuttle-shaped capsule COF was prepared using a template-free procedure for the first time and has demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity (550.82 mg g−1) for hemoglobin so far.
The hysteresis-free behavior of perovskite solar cells from the perspective of the measurement conditions
Authors: Nemnes George Alexandru , Besleaga Cristina , Tomulescu Andrei Gabriel , Leonat Lucia Nicoleta , Stancu Viorica , Florea Mihaela , Manolescu Andrei , Pintilie Ioana
Published: January 2019

We investigate how far the hysteresis-free behavior of perovskite solar cells can be reproduced using particular pre-conditioning and measurement conditions.
Structural investigation of coal humic substances by selective isotopic exchange and high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Zherebker Alexander , Perminova Irina V. , Kostyukevich Yury , Kononikhin Alexey S. , Kharybin Oleg , Nikolaev Eugene
Published: January 2019

We report a selective liquid-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange coupled to ultra-high resolution FTICR MS for structural investigations of individual constituents of humic substances isolated from coal samples of different origin.
Expression of concern: Novel mesoporous amorphous B–N–O–H nanofoam as an electrode for capacitive dye removal from water
Authors: Keltie Sam
Published: January 2019

Expression of concern for ‘Novel mesoporous amorphous B–N–O–H nanofoam as an electrode for capacitive dye removal from water’ by Ming Ming Chen et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 21400–21413.
Enhanced dynamics of conformationally heterogeneous T7 bacteriophage lysozyme native state attenuates its stability and activity
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Jaiswal Nancy , Kumar Dinesh , Poluri Krishna Mohan
Published: January 2019

Proteins are dynamic in nature and exist in a set of equilibrium conformations on various timescale motions. The flexibility of proteins governs various biological functions, and therefore elucidation of such functional dynamics is essential. In this context, we have studied the structure–dynamics–stability–activity relationship of bacteriophage T7 lysozyme/endolysin (T7L) native-state ensemble in the pH range of 6–8. Our studies established that T7L native state is conformationally heterogeneous, as several residues of its C-terminal half are present in two conformations (major and minor) in the slow exchange time scale of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Structural and dynamic studies suggested that the residues belonging to minor conformations do exhibit native-like structural and dynamic features. Furthermore, the NMR relaxation experiments unraveled that the native state is highly dynamic and the dynamic behavior is regulated by the pH, as the pH 6 conformation exhibited enhanced dynamics compared with pH 7 and 8. The stability measurements and cell-based activity studies on T7L indicated that the native protein at pH 6 is ∼2 kcal less stable and is ∼50% less active than those of pH 7 and 8. A comprehensive analysis of the T7L active site, unfolding initiation sites and the residues with altered dynamics outlined that the attenuation of stability and activity is a resultant of its enhanced dynamic properties, which, in turn, can be attributed to the protonation/deprotonation of its partially buried His residues. Our study on T7L structure–dynamics–activity paradigm could assist in engineering novel amidase-based endolysins with enhanced activity and stability over a broad pH range.
Frequency stability control method considering limited EDCPS
Authors: Hu Yi , Wang Xiaoru , Chen Dalin , Che Yulong
Published: January 2019

Aiming at the problem of frequency stability of the asynchronous AC/DC hybrid power grid, a prediction model of post‐disturbance steady frequency is proposed, which considers the emergency DC power support (EDCPS) and the frequency response of AC grids on both sides of the high‐voltage DC (HVDC) link. This post‐disturbance steady frequency of both AC grids can be predicted quickly by utilising the wide area measurement system data, and the desired amount of EDCPS can be calculated directly by using the setting value of the steady frequency for the disturbed AC grid. Then this study considers the fact that the voltage level of the AC buses at both ends of the HVDC system will affect the operation modes of the HVDC system, resulting in the limited EDCPS. Therefore, a calculation method of the actual EDCPS command for steady frequency control is proposed. It can automatically identify the actual operation mode of the post‐disturbance HVDC system and calculate the actual EDCPS command corresponding to the desired EDCPS value. Simulations of a typical two‐area AC/DC hybrid power grid are carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Modelling of DFIG‐based wind turbine for low‐frequency oscillation analysis of power system with high penetration of distributed energy
Authors: Huang Yunhui , Chen Weihao , Deng Xiangtian , Tang Jinrui , Zhu Guorong , Zhang Haitao
Published: January 2019

This study investigates modelling of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind turbines for low‐frequency oscillation analysis of power systems with high penetration of distributed energy. A reduced order model of wind turbine with DFIG is proposed for small signal stability analysis in electromechanical time scale for low‐frequency oscillation analysis. Furthermore, a Thévenin equivalent model of DFIG with internal voltage is also presented. Base on the derived model, the effect of phase‐locked loop is emphasised, and explained by using the internal voltage derived. The model proposed is well verified by modal analysis and time‐domain simulations.
US hegemony and Sino-Russia energy security cooperation
Authors: Changwei Pang , Xiaojia Zhou , Lu Sun
Published: January 2019

Why China and Russia give up previous suspicious attitudes toward each other, and going toward close cooperation on Energy security? We argue the threat of American hegemony push China and Russia together. Facing US sanction and strategic pressure, Russia changed its perception about China, and regarded China rise as opportunity. As a consequence, Russia strengthened its ties with China, and completed the oil pipe line which favored China. In addition to this, Russia permitted China Energy company access to its upstream and downstream Energy industry. With the rise of China, the structural conflict between China and US intensified. Trump administration explicitly described China as adversary. The fact that China’s energy transportation line is under the control of US Navy is a source of vulnerability. Out of consideration of reducing risk of cutting off energy supply, China developed a close cooperation with Russia on Energy safety.
Analysis of the energy policy establishment: the case of East Asia
Authors: Popov Sergei
Published: January 2019

The energy infrastructure is a complex and evolving technical system, vital for the very existence of modern civilization. The example of Japan highlighted the main actors and considered the basic mechanisms of energy policy as an institution for the development of energy supply systems at the national and sub-national levels. The knowledge of such institution is important for monetizing Russia’s energy resources, considering East Asia as leading energy import market. The article analyse energy policy formation on the example of Japan as economy with the most mature energy institutions among other East Asian economies, and implications to the prospective energy export from the Russian Federation.
Energy security of northern and arctic isolated territories
Authors: Kiushkina Violetta , Lukutin Boris
Published: January 2019

The given investigation considers the peculiarities of decentralized power supply, taking into account specific features of North and Arctic Territories. Aautonomous systems of power supply (ASPS) operate in the regions of the Far North under the most difficult circumstances. This set of territorial factors reflecting the peculiar features of geographical location and situational factors group of autonomous power. Multi-factor approach and complexity of the power problems in modern decentralized energy puts forward ES as the most important component of regions national security. The degree of large differences between Northern and power isolated regions from other territories confirms the need for methodological approaches to the diagnosis. A priori some indicators have their value and the inherited threatening group can complicate in terms of infrastructural isolation and severity of the climate for the functioning of power generation and functioning within quite different types of consumers. Structuralization of the maximum peculiar threats of different nature and the main consequences for ES investigated parts allows formulating a common definition for the exclusively decentralized zones of severe climate conditions territories. Due to the context of autonomy the clear boundaries of concepts of threshold ES states of the researched systems are appropriate: secure, depressive, emergency.
Trends and regularities of energy development in Russia’s eastern regions: methods and results of research
Authors: Sokolov Alexander , Muzychuk Svetlana , Muzychuk Roman
Published: January 2019

Russia’s energy sector is the basis for the national economic development. At present, the importance of the eastern direction in the energy policy of Russia is growing. A computer simulation of energy development processes in the eastern regions of Russia (Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts (SFD, FEFD)) is of great theoretical and practical value as an effective method for studying complex systems. The study is concerned with the energy sector of the eastern regions of Russia, energy saving and energy efficiency. The aim of the research is to identify the most significant factors affecting the energy efficiency of the economy of the eastern regions of Russia and quantify their impact by an energy-economic analysis. The study uses the methods of economic-mathematical modelling, systems-, and statistical analysis, balance and indicative methods. The most significant factors affecting the energy efficiency of the economy in the eastern regions of Russia are reduction in specific fuel consumption; reduction of energy losses; rational consumption of fuel and energy resources. Measures to improve the fuel and energy balance of the eastern regions of Russia will improve the energy efficiency of the economy, which will improve the quality of life of the population.
The electricity valuation in fuel and energy balance of Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
Authors: Ivanova Albina , Petrova Tatiana
Published: January 2019

In Sakha Republic (Yakutia), there is a tendency to increase the cost of fuel in the Power station generation. In the cost of electricity power generation on a decentralized territory, the main part of the costs falls on the fuel component. The greatest difference in the natural and value terms of consumption is in the diesel fuel. Consumption of diesel fuel at the Power station is much lower, but in terms of the value consumption structure has the largest percentage. At the same time, the valuation increases year by year. This is mainly due to the use expansion of diesel power generation in industrial facilities of the Fuel and Extractive industries. Keywords: electricity power, fuel and energy balance (FEB), final power consumption, electricity tariffs, costs.
Some energy problems of the Irkutsk region and ways of solving them
Authors: Golovshchikov Vladimir
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the more significant energy problems of Irkutsk region, the solution of which play an important role for the sustainable and constant functioning of energy complex from production to energy consumption
Accident rate at energy objects in Sakha Republic at low temperatures
Authors: Prokhorov Dmitry , Pavlov Nikita
Published: January 2019

The work analyzes the effect of low temperatures and other climatic factors on the accident rate and reliability of energy facilities. To represent the causes and analyze the consequences in emergency situations at power plants, descriptions of accidents that occurred in the Sakha Republic were collected and considered. For the analysis, examples are chosen that contain more complete descriptions of the various interrelated causes and consequences of accidents. It was revealed that the greatest number of accidents occurs in the period of low temperatures. High accidents in the summer months are also associated with the climatic features of the republic, mainly with accidents in the power supply system: seasonal melting of permafrost, floods, wildfires and in connection with this drop in power transmission lines, overruns and wire breaks due to storm wind and other.
Sustainable cementitious materials: The effect of fly ash percentage as a part replacement of portland cement composite (PCC) and curing temperature on the early age strength of fly ash concrete
Authors: Turuallo Gidion , Mallisa Harun
Published: January 2019

This research aims to determine the effect of fly ash percentage as a part replacement of Portland cement and curing temperatures to the early age strength of concrete. The percentages of fly ash used were 0, 10 and 15% by cement weight. The cured temperatures were 25, 30 dan 50°C. The concrete specimens were cubes of 150 x 150 x 150 mm3. The cubes, which were cured at 25°C, placed in water tank, while those cured at 30 and 50°C cured in oven until 7 days and then continued in water. The testing was conducted at ages 3, 7, 14 dan 28 days. The results showed that at early ages, the strength of concrete without fly ash cured at 25°C were higher than that of fly ash concrete. The higher level replacement of cement with fly ash, the lower strength of concrete obtained. The higher the curing temperature at earlier age resulted the higher the strength of concrete. The strength of concretes with 10% of fly ash cured at 25, 30 and 50°C at age three days were 15.111, 15.481 and 16.296 MPa respectively. Conversely, the strength of concrete that of cured at higher temperatures at ages 28 days, were lower than that of concretes cured at lower temperature. The results of this research also showed that fly ash could improve the workability of concrete.