bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Asymmetric Tridentate Cobalt(II) Complex and Application in Ethylene Oligomerization
Authors: Cao Chen Gang , Ahn In Yong , Jiang Tao
Published: May 2011

A kind of cobalt complex with asymmetric tridentate ligand was synthesized and used in ethylene oligomerization. The reaction temperature and Al/Co ratio had a great influence on the activities and distributions of the oligomer with methylaluminoxane as cocatalyst, and the main products were 1-butylene and hexene. A fast deactivation process was observed from the curve of the oligomerization kinetics.
Characterization and Catalytic Performance Study of CuO-ZnO-ZrO2-TiO2 Catalyst for Methanol Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation
Authors: Zhao Yun Peng , Jia Li Hua , Jing Tao , Sun De Zhi , Chung Jong Shik
Published: May 2011

CuO-ZnO-ZrO2-TiO2 catalyst was prepared by parallel-slurry-mixing-precipitation method combined with addition of surfactant. The catalyst characterizations were investigated by Nitrogen adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM and EDS. Results show that the average pore diameter of the mesoporous CuO-ZnO-ZrO2-TiO2 catalyst is 3.754 nm, and dispersion of CuOis better on CuO-ZnO-ZrO2-TiO2 catalyst. Under the conditions of reaction temperature of 503 K, reaction pressure of 2.0 MPa, space velocity of 2100 h-1 with a H2/CO2 molar ratio of 3:1, the catalyst exhibited favorable activity for methanol synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation. The selectivity to methanol and the yield of methanol were 27.42% and 4.50%, respectively.
The Effects of Organic Solvents on Catalytic Behavior of Immobilized Hemoglobin Nanocomposites: Functional Groups and Molecular Constitution
Authors: Peng Shu Ge , Guo Yong Ke , Liu Xiao Fei , Zhang Jun
Published: May 2011

The use of organic solvents as reaction media for enzymatic reactions provides numerous industrially attractive advantages compared to traditional aqueous reaction systems. Hemoglobin (Hb) intercalated magadiite nano-composites was successfully prepared by exfoliation-reassembly method at room temperature and pH=7, and was used to catalyze the oxidation of o-phenylenediamine in organic solvents. Catalytic activity of immobilized Hb in organic solvents with different hydrophobicity and different functional groups were investigated detailedly. The results showed that functional groups and molecular constitution of the organic solvents were both important factors to determine catalytic activity of immobilized Hb in organic media except hydrophobicity of organic solvents.
Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOX on Cr-Mn Mixed Oxide at Low Temperature
Authors: Chen Zhi Hang , Li Xue Hui , Cen Chao Ping , Gao Xiang , Wang Le Fu
Published: May 2011

The solid state reaction method, coprecipitation method and citric acid method were employed for the preparation of Cr-Mn mixed-oxide catalysts. Experimental results showed that this catalytic system has good selective catalytic reduction (SCR) properties of NOxby ammonia in the presence of excess oxygen at low temperature (80-220°C). 97.8% conversion of NOxwith 100% selectivity of N2had been achieved on Cr-MnOxmixed oxide prepared by the citric acid method at 120°C with the space velocity of 30,000 h-1. X-ray diffraction, BET were adopted for the characterization of the active phase. The characterization results showed that a new crystal phase CrMn1.5O4generated in mixed oxides which was the active center of the Cr-Mn catalysts.
Wet End Performance of Polydimethyl-Diallyl Ammonium Chloride with Different Characteristics
Authors: Wang Jin , Wang Li Jun , Xiao He , Chen Jin Shan
Published: May 2011

PDADMAC fixing agents with different characteristics were used to control dissolved and colloidal substances in P-RC APMP fiber suspension. Results showed that PDADMAC with higher charge density was easier to interact with anionic trash, resulting in better removal of suspended solid materials and chemical oxygen demand(COD). The PDADMAC achieved 78% removal of chemical oxygen demand. PDADMAC with higher molecular weight could easily be adsorbed onto fibers and fines, and had good removal for anionic trash. It was also found that PDADMAC with higher molecular weight was better to remove suspended solid substances, while PDADMAC with lower molecular weight was more effective for removing chemical oxygen demand(COD).
Study on the Effect of Drying on Binder Z- Directional Distribution in Coated Paper
Authors: Li Ying , He Bei Hai
Published: May 2011

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of drying condition on the binder distribution and characterize the binder migration in the method of numerical and visual analysis by Scanning Electrical Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM). In this study, Rhodamine B was used to stain the binder and as the probe to characterize z-directional distribution of the binder using LSCM. The results implied that it was reliable and effective method using LSCM to characterize the z- directional distribution of binder and analyze the influence of dry condition on binder migration. It could be concluded that the dry temperature played an important effect on binder distribution in coated paper and high dry temperature accelerated binder migration to the coating surface, however low drying temperature made binder migrate towards the interior of base paper. Moderate drying is good to binder distribution and coating layer forming.
Investigation into the Coating Surface Topography and Properties of Paper Related to Drying Condition
Authors: Li Ying , He Bei Hai
Published: May 2011

The physical structure and chemical properties of coating layer have an important influence on transferring and setting of the printing ink. The typical objective of coating is to improve the appearance and printing properties of paper. In this study, the effect of drying condition on coating layer structure, surface properties, and print quality was investigated. The relationship between surface topography and drying condition was explored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The conclusions were drawn that high and low drying temperature were not good to the paper properties, which resulted in high roughness, low paper gloss, high ink absorption, low print gloss and paper surface efficiency. The findings indicated that the coating drying temperature affected the pore size, depth and distribution of the coated paper surface. Moderate temperature was benefit to pigment particles and binder arranging orderly, which made the coating surface had high smoothness, gloss, paper surface efficiency, and modest ink absorption.
Reaction Kinetics of Methanol and Maleic Anhydride
Authors: Wang Tian Gui , Shen Yan Min
Published: May 2011

In this article, the esterification of methanol with maleic anhydride has been studied. The focus was on the production kinetics of monomethyl maleate. A three neck flask with a flux condenser and stirrer was taken as a batch reactor. The temperature was maintained and controlled by a thermostat. Data of concentration and time were collected by monitoring the change of the total acid. The production rate equation of monomethyl maleate was obtained through analyzing the data, which is .
Cure of Neat Resins and Properties of Composites for Interpenetrating Polymer Networks from the Novel Bismaleimide and Cyanate Containing Naphthalene
Authors: Yan Hong Qiang , Wang Hua Qing , Cheng Jie , Fang Zheng Ping
Published: May 2011

To obtain attractive properties, such as increased resistance to moisture absorption, low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss, the novel bismaleimide, viz. 2,7-bis(4-maleimidophenoxy) naphthalene (BMPN), and dicyanate ester, viz. 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene dicyanate (DNCY), containing naphthalene ring and ether linkages, have been synthesized. The cure process of the blends including of 0.11mmol/mol Fe(AcAc)3 and 2% nonylphenol is characterized by in-situ FTIR. The result obtained from in-situ FTIR spectra of cured resin illuminates that the cure reaction is homo-polymerized respectively at this condition for the mixtures of B1C1. Interlaced network patterns are seen obviously and no visible phase separation could be detected in the region for IPNs BT resin by SEM. The structure of IPNs can be formed for the blends of BMPN and DNCY containing 0.11 mmol/mol Fe(AcAc)3 and 2% nonylphenol, which is tested by in-situ FTIR and SEM methods. The glass fiber reinforced composites for this blends are made and their properties are studied. This composites show good flexural property, low dielectric constants ( Dk ) and low moisture absorption.
Studies on the Stability of Pt/K2La2Ti3O10 Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Cui Wen Quan , Qi Yue Li , Cheng Jun , Hu Jin Shan , Liang Ying Hua
Published: May 2011

Pt/K2La2Ti3O10 was prepared by impregnating K2La2Ti3O10 into H2PtCl6 solution. The structure of the photocatalyst was studied by means of XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy and XPS. And the photocatalytic activities of the samples were examined in a Pyrex reaction cell by splitting methanol solution. The result revealed that Pt/K2La2Ti3O10 photocatalyst showed much higher activity than pure K2La2Ti3O10 and kept a high photocatalytic activity even after 120 hours of illumination. XPS showed that the valence state of Pt was reduced from Ptto Pt0 during the illumination.
Study on Ethanolamine Heat Sensitivity and Seperation Process
Authors: Yue Jin Cai , Li Na , Kong Ling Qi , Zheng Shi Qing
Published: May 2011

Ethanolamine (EA, including MEA, DEA and TEA) is a kind of heat sensitive material. It is easy to be colored at high temperature which influences the product quality and its application. This paper studies the relationship between color number and time of MEA, DEA, TEA and their mixtures at different temperatures. The result shows that MEA is most sensitive to high temperature, TEA take the second place, DEA is almost unaffected. DEA can protect TEA and MEA from being colored, the more DEA content, the better effect. According to the results of tests and process simulation, optimized parameters of separation equipment and operation are put forward which can provide guidance for the production of high purity, low color number of TEA.
Improve the Applicability of Rate Equation Based on the Model of Diffusion under Non-isothermal Conditions
Authors: Tan Guang Lei , Wang Qi , Zheng Hong Xia , Tang Dan , Zhang Song , Liu Zhong Suo
Published: May 2011

Rate equation of non-isothermal kinetics of solid decomposition involving the factors of the pressure of gaseous product, the equilibrium pressure, temperature and structure parameters of solid is deduced according to the model of the diffusion of gaseous product. A validity function in the rate equation of non-isothermal kinetics is defined which represents the influence of these factors on the diffusion rate. The effect of the validity function on the diffusion rate are studied, based on the results of thermal analysis of decomposition of calcium carbonate at different heating rates. It is shown that it is possible to improve the validity of the rate equation of non-isothermal kinetics if the effect is taken into account.
Degradation Kinetics Study Of Oilfield Wastewater
Authors: Yu Ting
Published: May 2011

With mixed rare earth (La, Ce, Nd) doping Ti/TiO2 electrode for the anode, degradation situation of oilfield wastewater was studied. The results showed that electrocatalysis technology excels at treating oilfield wastewater. Electrocatalytic oxidation reaction kinetic equation: At=A0exp(-7.02×10-7D-1.42M-1.66U3.40t).
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Shenfu Bituminous Coal and Xilinhaote Lignite with H2O2 over TiO2
Authors: Xie Heng Shen , Zong Zhi Min , Wei Qing , Zhao Pei Zhi , Zhao Jian Jun , Liu Tong , Han Xiang En , Wei Xian Yong
Published: May 2011

Shenfu bituminous coal (SFBC) and Xilinhaote lignite (XL) were subject to photo-catalytic oxidation with hydrogen peroxide over titanium dioxide. The reaction mixtures were extracted with acetone exhaustively. The extracts were analyzed with FTIR and GC/MS. The results show that coals be oxidized selectively and degraded partially. Compared with the bituminite coal, the oxidation effect of the lignite coal with active hydrogens is more obvious. The alkyl side chains of the macromolecules, particularly, chains of methyl, methylene and aromatic, are the most vulnerable in relation to other compounds in coals. Moreover, the increasing of straight-chain alkanes and the decreasing of condensed nucleus in SFBC and XL through oxidation suggest that the oxidation is an effective method of coal utilization with no difficultly, also be friendly towards the environment after treated as well as in the process of the treatment.
Equilibrium Studies on the System H2O-H2O2-CO(NH2)2-C3H8
Authors: Gao Yu Ming , Cao Ji Lin , Chen Panpan , Guo Hong Fei , Tan Zhao Yang
Published: May 2011

The phase equilibrium of the quaternary system H2O-H2O2-CO(NH2)2-C3H8 with gas hydrate formation had been studied at high pressure and low temperature. The temperature and pressure of gas hydrate formed from different hydrogen peroxide concentration aqueous were determined at adding surfactants and no surfactants separately. It was concluded that the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation was increasing with the increase of the hydrogen peroxide concentration, the urea concentration and the temperature, the mother liquor amount entrained in the gas hydrate after liquid separation by sinking was very high when surfactants was not added, but the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation was decreased and the mother liquor amount entrained in gas hydrate was also decreased when surfactants was added to the system. In addition, the equilibrium pressure of gas hydrate formation in the quaternary system H2O-H2O2-CO(NH2)2-C3H8 was calculated according to Chen-Guo thermodynamic model, improved UNIFAC mathematical equation and Aasberg-Peterson fugacity coefficient model. The calculated data was in agreement with the experiment data.
Study on the Structure and Performance of the Large Diameter PPS/PA6 Blending Monofilaments
Authors: Ma Hai Yan , Liu Zhao Feng , Zhang Jun , Ma Hai Jun
Published: May 2011

PPS and PA6were blended to improve the mechanical properties of the large diameter PPS monofilaments. The influence of the structure of the blends on the blending monofilaments, the comparative analysis with relevant polymer monofilaments and the acid and alkali resistance were studied in this article. The results demonstrated that: the mechanical properties of the PPS monofilaments were improved. The tensile strength and the collaboration strength of the monofilaments increased. The toughness of the PPS monofilaments increased. Simultaneously, the acid resistance and the alkali resistance of the PPS monofilaments were retained in the PPS/PA6blending monofilaments.
Density-Functional Theory of O2 Physical Adsorption on sp3 and sp2 Hybridized Nitrogen-Doped CNT Surfaces for Fuel Cell Electrode
Authors: Yin Wong Wai , Wan Daud Wan Ramli , Mohamad Abu Bakar , Kadhum Abdul Amir Hassan , Shyuan Loh Kee , Majlan Edy Herianto
Published: May 2011

Catalysis is the major process involved in fuel cell technology to generate electricity which is known renewable. Generally, fuel cell electrodes utilize platinum supported carbon to catalyze the reactions at both cathode and anode. However, cheaper substitution materials such as nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst have attracted greater attention in recent year due to its significant catalytic activity at cathode in fuel cell. Nitrogen-doped CNT (N-CNT) is believed to allow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at cathode to take place which play a role as n-type dopant for electrical conductivity. The objective of this paper is to understand the mechanism of oxygen adsorption on N-CNT using the density-functional theory (DFT). N-CNT with two configurations involve sp2 and sp3 hybridized nitrogen are studied and compared in order to find the most thermodynamically stable N-CNT for sustainable ORR activity in fuel cell. The structural stability is studied through the binding energies of each configurations and the metallic behavior is examined through the energy gaps from the HOMO-LUMO studies. Finally, the adsorption energies and deformation energies of oxygen on N-CNT is discussed. Results revealed that sp3 hybridized N-CNT gives the most stable structure with compatible oxygen adsorption ability.
Study on Preparation and Application as Organic Particulate Retention Agent of Chitosan-AM-DMDAAC Inverse Latex
Authors: Ma Yong Sheng , Sun Xian Hui
Published: May 2011

Graft copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) onto chitosan in inverse emulsion was studied. The effect on Zeta potential and average granularity of synthetic inverse latex of the main reaction conditions such as the proportion of cationic monomer in total monomers, concentration of potassium persulfate (KPS) used as initiating agent were investigated in detail. It was shown that when the weight ratio of chitosan, AM and DMDAAC was 1:6:2, KPS concentration was 4.0mmol/L, NaHSO3concentration was 2.0mmol/L, stable inverse latex which had optimal performance could be gained. Good retention effect was obtained when a novel organic microparticle retention system composed of the above-mentioned chitosan-AM-DMDAAC inverse latex and anicnic polyacryamide (APAM) was applied to the deink pulp. First Pass Retention retention percentage of deink pulp was improved from 83.2% to 95.0% with the organic microparticle retention system when the dosage of inverse latex was from 0 to 0.4% of absolute dry pulp.
Preparation of TS-1 Monolithic Catalysts by Dip-Coating
Authors: Yu Wen Hao , Yang Li Bin , Xin Feng , Yuan Jian Jun
Published: May 2011

TS-1 monolithic catalysts were prepared on cordierites honeycomb ceramics supports by dip-coating method in TS-1/H2O suspension. The cordierites honeycomb ceramics supports were treated with different methods, such as coated with a thin layer of sodium silicate, immersed in 0.5N hydrochloric acid. The monolithic catalysts were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The distribution of TS-1 Catalysts onto supported was observed. The immobilized stability of TS-1 monolithic catalysts was evaluated by ultrasonic cleaning and washing out experiment. TS-1 catalysts were uniformly deposited onto inner smoothed surface of cordierites honeycomb ceramics supports, which ware coated sodium silicate film. And experiment data proved that TS-1 catalysts may be firmly immobilized onto supports coated sodium silicate.
Synthesis, Characterization and DNA-Binding Studies of Transition Metal Complexes with Imidazole Ligands
Authors: Wang Jun , Liu Xiang Rong , Sun Yu Jin , Li Kan She , Zhao Shun Sheng
Published: May 2011

A series of novel complexes of transition metal (Co, Fe and Mn) with imidaloze have been synthesized and characterized by Elemental Analysis, FT-IR and UV-Vis Absorption spectroscopy. Based on elemental and spectral data, the complexes were found to be of Co(C3H4N2)4(ClO4)2(1), Fe(C3H4N2)3(ClO4)3(2) and Mn(C3H4N2)4(Ac)2(3) (C3H4N2= imidazole). The three complexes and the ligand (imidazole) display DNA binding ability, ascertained by UV-Vis titration.
Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Structure Zeolite Y
Authors: Shen Wei , Shen Bao Jian
Published: May 2011

Y zeolite was synthesized form silica gel microsphere by in- situ hydrothermal method, with appropriate amount of other constituents, such as sodium silicate, water, without adding any organic additives. The as-synthesized samples were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N2sorption. The results show that the synthesized sample not only has a composite structure with zeolite Y and silica gel, but also retains the shape of silica gel microsphere. The pore distribution of the composite materials indicated that the composite material contains two types of pore that are micropores and large pores.
Synthesis and Magnetic Characterization of Nickel Ferrite Nanowire Arrays Doped with Manganese
Authors: Gu Jian Jun , Liu Li Hu , Qi Yun Kai , Xu Qin , Sun Hui Yuan
Published: May 2011

The spinel ferrite system Ni1-xMnxFe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) nanowire arrays with an average diameter of about 80 nm, have been synthesized into nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template using the sol–gel technique. X-ray diffraction analysis shows the formation of single-phase nickel manganese ferrites. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscope images indicate that the nanowire arrays are composed of prolate spheroids with different crystal orientations. Magnetic measurements show that the saturation magnetization (Ms) of nickel ferrite nanowire arrays is lower than that of bulk ones. But the Ms of the samples doped with Mn are greater than that of bulk ones. We do not observe obviously easy magnetization direction of all nanowire arrays. The possible reasons that are responsible for the composition dependence of the properties are discussed.
Synthesis of O-Cation Chitosan
Authors: Xing Feng Lan , Ming Bo , Zhao Ming
Published: May 2011

O-cationic Chitosan was prepared by self-made cationic ether agent 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(GTA) and chitosan. In this process, the effects of reaction solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time, amount of KOH and GTA on the substitution of O-cationic chitosan were studiedand the optimal reaction conditions were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were as follows: reaction solvent Isopropanol, reaction time 30 h,reaction temperature 85 °C, KOH 3 mL（40 %） and the ratio of chitosan to GTA is 1:1.5.The degree of cationic is 55.36 %.
Mechanical Property Control of Polyacrylamide Gel Application for Cell Culture in Vitro
Authors: Zou Xiao Bing , Bai Jie , Yu Guang Lei , Wang Hong Bing , Yang Li
Published: May 2011

In order to construct the in vitro cell culture model occurring in biochemical and biophysical environment in vivo, and to establish quantitative detection and control of mechanical properties of substrate, a low modulus material polyacrylamide hydro-gel (PAHG) was synthesized and used as the substrate material for in vitro cell culture. Using a modified tensile device based on the principles of buoyancy for balance out gravity deformation and by detecting the minor deformation with the aids of computer graphic processing software, the measurement of low elastic modulus (E) of PAHG was established. By analyzing a large number of experimental data, the effect of two key factors (molar ratio of cross-linker/monomer and water content) on elastic modulus was investigated, and the influence of cross-linker/monomer (d) on saturated water content (w) was also discussed. Mathematical model for d, w and E of water saturated gel in vitro cell culture state was built up by regression analysis of experimental data. Based on the model, the d for PAHG with a given elastic modulus in water saturated state was calculated and applied to the synthesis of PAHG. The results showed that the elastic modulus of thus-obtained PAHG in water saturated state is in agreement with the given value with a relative error of 0.025-0.12, suggesting that the mathematical model is applicable for the prediction of properties of low modulus materials.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Layered Zirconium Phosphate and its Intercalation Study
Authors: Tong Yu Ping , Xiao Chang Li , Yang Zhong Zheng , Lu Lu De , Fu Hao Bing
Published: May 2011

The zirconium phosphate α-Zr(HPO4)2·H2O (α-ZrP) with layered structure has been synthesized by refluxing method. Power X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrational spectroscopy (FT-IR, FT-Raman), thermal analysis (TG-DSC), transition electron spectroscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was respectively used for structure characterization of the compound α-ZrP. The result of intercalation reactions with tetramethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide showed interlayer distances increase of ~ 0.46 nm and ~ 1.68 nm, respectively. The BET surface area of α-ZrP is 12.29 m2·g-1. The cyclic voltammetry behaviors of the compound on Au electrode showed a typical reversible process. Moreover, the strong fluorescent property of the α-ZrP was measured. The maximum emission peaks occurred at ca. 390 nm upon excitation at ca. 288 nm.
Self-Ordering of Cell Arrangement in Porous Anodic Alumina
Authors: Zhu Xu Fei , Han Ai Jun , Song Ye , Liu Peng , Ye Qiu Mei , Hu Jun Jun
Published: May 2011

A convincing interpretation to hexagonal prism ordered-arrangement and self-ordering cell in porous anodic alumina (PAA) is absent up to now. Based on the growth model of oxygen bubble mould effect (OBME) for PAA, a satisfactory explanation for the growth process of hexagonal cells is proposed. The columnar pores and hexagonal cells result from the oxide growth embracing oxygen bubbles. The avalanche electron multiplication at critical thickness dc leads to electronic current which gives rise to the evolution of oxygen gas under anion-contaminated alumina (ACA) layer. The holes on the surface are usually irregular whereas the pores under the surface layer (ACA layer) are big and regular. The thickness of the barrier oxide layer remains constant due to continuous releasing of the oxygen bubbles at the critical thickness. The self-ordering of cell arrangement and the ordered morphology are related to the dissolving process of the ACA layer on PAA surface.
Research of a Structural Fuzzy Optimal Means Based on Material and Member Reliability
Authors: Zhai Gang Jun , Cheng Yong
Published: May 2011

The paper puts forward a structural fuzzy optimal means based on member reliability analysis and compares this means with common fuzzy optimum means on a example. The results indicates that the structural fuzzy optimal means based on member reliability analysis gives attention to fuzziness and reliability and structural optimization and makes the structure achieve the unification on economy and security.
Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Properties of a Novel Chiral Ionic Liquid with Chiral Center in Anion
Authors: Yu Jin Yang , Hu Xiao Ling , Tang Yi Mei , Liang Liang
Published: May 2011

An imidazolium-based chiral ionic liquid with chiral center in anion was synthesized in one step from the materials of alkylation of N-methylimidzole and (S)-(-)-2-chloro-propionic acid for the first time. The structures and thermal properties of the objective product were confirmed by FT-IR,1HNMR and DSC, respectively. The results indicate that it may be used as a new chiral solvent for asymmetric synthesis, chiral catalyst and chiral separation.
Effect of the Co-Substitution of Ca2+ and Si4+ on the Structure and Luminescence Properties of Y3Al5O12: Ce3+
Authors: Mu Zhong Fei , Hu Yi Hua , Wang Yin Hai , Chen Li , Wang Xiao Juan
Published: May 2011

A series of phosphors with the composition of Y2.95-xCaxAl5-xSixO12: Ce3+0.05 (x=0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.75) were synthesized with conventional solid state reactions. The results of XRD patterns show that in a certain extent, the co-substitution of Ca2+ and Si4+ does not change the garnet structure of samples, while results in the shrink of crystal lattice(The cell parameter of phosphors decreases with the increment of co-substitution content monotonically. The former is in linear with the latter). The measurement of the excitation and emission spectra shows that the co-substitution of Ca2+ and Si4+ make the emission peak move to short wavelength. The amount of blue shift is also in linear with the co-substitution content.
Synthesis and Characterization of Transparent Glass-Ceramics in Na2O-CaO-SiO2 System
Authors: Xiao Zhuo Hao , Liao Jun Hui
Published: May 2011

Glass in Na2O-CaO-SiO2 was synthesized by conventional molten cooling method and then converted to glass-ceramics. Transparent glass-ceramics obtained by controlled crystallization process. DSC, SEM and XRD were used to determine the character temperature, microstructure and crystal type of the glass-ceramics, respectively. The results show the transition temperature of the matrix glass is 620°C and crystallization peak temperature is 730°C. Only Na2Ca2Si3O9 crystal phase was found in the glass-ceramics when the matrix glass was treated at 750°C for 1h. The crystal with size of 0.5um arranged regularly and formed a honeycomb-like structure in the glass-ceramics. UV-visible spectrum test indicate the transmittance of the glass-ceramic is as high as 75% in the visible region.
Modeling of Kinetics and Grain Density Evolution during Isothermal Phase Transformation
Authors: Yang W , Liu Feng , Lu B , Wang Z
Published: May 2011

On the basis of the proposed analytical phase transformation model, a new modified numerical model is presented to evaluate grain density evolution with only basic kinetics parameters. The proposed model is applicable for phase transformation including random nucleation, growth and impingement under isothermal condition. A two-step fit of the current model to numerical calculation describes the grain density evolution and the transformation kinetics well. Compared with the KJMA model, the modified method is advantageous for application without considering complex and detail transformation process.
Application Infrared Emitter as Interactive Interface on Teaching Material Design for Children
Authors: Lin Chien Yu , Lin Chien Chi , Chen Te Hsiung , Hung Mei Lin , Liu Yu Ling
Published: May 2011

This study attempts to make use wii remote and infrared light emitter as an interactive interface for children on their activities. Using flash software to design teaching materials with the assistance of interactive device could also be developed in the children’s body activities and knowledge. When detected by a wii remote and infrared (IR emitter) device, corresponding information appears on a screen to increase the interaction of assistive technology aimed at children by adopting an enhanced learning process. This study is divided into training and testing steps. The training step allows researchers to learn how to created relative teaching materials for children with learning body coordination. The participants are children in elementary school and kindergarten in the testing step. In this study, the devices relied upon friendly design, reducing the loading from their learning process and enhance their learning motivation.
Electrical, Optical, and Etching Characteristics of ZnO:Al Films Prepared by RF Magnetron
Authors: He Jing Jing , Wu Ming Zhi , Wang Yan Yan , Yu You Ming , Wu Xue Mei , Zhuge Lan Jian
Published: May 2011

ZnO:Al (AZO) films were prepared by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering at various RF power (70-200W), the electrical and optical properties of AZO films were first investigated. The films deposited at 170W and 200W had the optimum opto-electrical property and then were surface textured by a post-deposition chemical etching with 0.5% HCl for 10-30s, all these films developed a craterlike surface morphology and the crater became larger and deeper as the etching time was increased. The light scattering property of AZO films was researched by calculated spectral haze. The AZO film deposited at 170W and etched 30s had the optimal light scattering property due to its most suitable craterlike surface morphology. Introduction
DFT Study of Substituted Effect on Absorption and Emission Spectra of Naphthoquinone Derivatives
Authors: Wang Li Zhi , Su Run Zhou , Qi Shuo , Gong Wei Yu , Cheng Tai Min
Published: May 2011

The density functional theory (DFT) is used to compute the ground-state geometries of naphthoquinone derivatives, and lowest singlet excited-state geometries of them have been investigated by the singles configuration interaction (CIS) method. The absorption and emission spectra are calculated by time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) on the basis of the ground- and excited-state geometries, respectively. Our calculations are in good agreement with the available experimental results. The calculated results show that with the introduction of hydroxyl the red-shift was found in the absorption and emission, and the range of spectra reach the visible region. Furthermore, in the absorptions electron transition type was identified from the point-view of molecular orbitals. Study of the effect of hydroxyl and site on spectra can provide the helpful information on further designing molecular devices.
Pd Nanoparticles Fabricated on Organic-Group Modified Silica and its Catalytic Performance for Acetylene Hydrogenation
Authors: Wang Kang Jun , Wu Jing , Yu Ping
Published: May 2011

Aminopropyl-functionalized silica (NH2-SiO2) was obtained via a sol-gel process using tetraethoxylsilicate (TEOS) and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Aminopropyl group contained silica was further modified with formaldehyde to achieve a novel organic group modified silica, denoted as CH2O-SiO2. Using CH2O-SiO2 as support to prepare surported Pd catalyst (denoted as Pd/M-SiO2), small Pd nanoparticles (1-2 nm) were fabricated on CH2O-SiO2 surport. Hydrogenation of acetylene is used as probe reaction to evaluate the catalytic performance of Pd/M-SiO2. The results indicate that Pd/M-SiO2 exhibits unique catalytic property, which the selectivity of ethylene increases with the increase of acetylene conversion. In-situ DRIFTS spectra of CO adsorption show that the organic groups presented on the silica affect the electronic property of the very small Pd nanoparticles, which causes the change of reaction paths of hydrogenation of acetylene over Pd/M-SiO2 compared with traditional supported Pd catalyst.
Study on the Nanocrystalline WC-10Co Hard Alloys Prepared by Mixing and Explosive Compaction
Authors: Li Jin Ping , Meng Song He , Liu Shi Qiang , Zhang Yu Min
Published: May 2011

The nanocrystalline WC-10Co hard alloys with high density (97.5% T.D.) have been prepared by use of mixing and explosion compaction technology and the average crystalline size is less than 100 nm. The microstructure analysis shows that, the particle size of the mixing powders is less than 200nm and that of the explosive compaction billet is even fine about 100nm. If explosive speed of any explosive is either big or small, we can not get density billets because the initial density of mixing powders is too low. If using secondary explosive compaction process (low-speed explosive Ammonium Nitrate 280g + high-speed explosive TNT 200g), we can get about 97% (maximum density of 97.58%) of the theory density of bulk nanocrystalline WC-10Co hard alloys.
Isolation and Performance for Two Strains of Benzo[a]pyrene Degradation
Authors: Li Shuai Ran , Dou Jun Feng , Cheng Li Rong , Ding Ai Zhong , Jiang Lin , Yao Jue Jun , Du Yong Chao , Fan Fu Qiang , Zhang Dan
Published: May 2011

This is the report describing the biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） by strains isolated from the soil of the PAH contaminated sites. Achromobacter sp and Alcaligenes sp were found with the capability of degrading Bap as sole carbon source, their biodegradation performance of BaP was evaluated when the initial BaP concentrations was approximately 0.25mg/L, 0.40mg/L and 0.90mg/L. The results demonstrated Alcaligenes sp could degrade Bap completely within two weeks when the initial Bap concentration was 0.40mg/L. Alcaligenes sp showed higher removal efficiency than Achromobacter sp.
Hydrophilically Coated Gigaporous Polystyrene Microspheres and their Application in High-Speed Protein Chromatography
Authors: Qu Jian Bo , Zhang Xiao Xiao , Jing Guang Lun , Zhou Wei Qing , Ma Guang Hui
Published: May 2011

Gigaporous poly (styrene-divinylbenzene) (PS) microspheres have been effectively hydrophilized by coating with hydrophobically modified agarose (phenoxyl agarose, Agap). The effect of the phenoxy content on the amount of Agap adsorbed onto the PS surface was examined and various samples of microspheres, differing in surface Agap density, were prepared. After coating, the hydrophilicity of gigaporous PS microspheres was found to be greatly enhanced and the gigaporous character of PS microspheres was well maintained. The modified particles were further coupled with DEAE groups to prepare a DEAE anion exchange medium (DEAE-AP). A column packed with DEAE-AP showed low back pressure and high protein resolution at high flow velocity. Notably, the DEAE-AP column could completely separate a model protein mixture at a flow velocity of 3612 cm/h within 2 min. The results indicate that the gigaporous matrix has considerable advantages for high-speed protein chromatography.
Experimental Research on Preventing Root-Stones Loss with Tetrahedron-Like Concrete Penetrating Frames
Authors: Shi Jie , Zhang Xiao Lei , Huang Zun Xin
Published: May 2011

The root-stones loss for flood control project is serious in the Lower Yellow River, and the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame is a new protection technology. The Experiment on preventing root-stones loss of flood diversion and regulation works in Taohuayu with tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frames in the Xingyang reach of the Yellow River. The experiment results show that: (1) the technology of tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame is simple, and it can make root-stones very steady; (2) the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame can effectively reduce the depth of scour holes in front of dam and slow the direct impact of water flow on the dam body; (3) the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frame can effectively reduce root-stones loss and save lots of stones; (4) the tetrahedron-like concrete penetrating frames could be made use of for the project foundation stabilization, and they are thrown into the slope of root-stones and the riverbed outside slope toe within a certain width to increase the effect of root-stones protection better.
Study on Multi-Void Microstructure of Asymptotic Homogenization for Topology Optimization
Authors: Qie Yan Hui , Liu Bo , Wang Xiu Hong , Li Xiao Lei , Ban Bao Wang
Published: May 2011

One kind of multi-void three-dimensional microstructure models based on homogenization method is constructed. Based on multi-void microstructure, the mathematical models for the topological structural optimization which takes maximizing the total potential energy as the objective function is constructed, then the Kuhn-Tucker optimality condition of the update method about the designs variable based on the porous microstructure can be gotten when optimization iterates. Finally, in explaining the employed algorithm an example is provided.
The Analysis of Plane Flat Lap Interface End of Orthotropic Bi-Material
Authors: Ren Cai Xia , Li Jun Lin
Published: May 2011

The orthotropic bi-material plane interface end of a flat lap is studied by constructing new stress functions and using the composite complex function method of material fracture. When the characteristic equations’ discriminates and, the theoretical formulas of stress fields, displacement fields and the stress intensity factor around the flat lap interface end are derived, indicating that there is no oscillatory singularity. There are multiple stress singularities of the orthotropic bi-material plane flat lap interface end.
Preparation and Characterization of Helical Structure ZnS by Solvothermal Method
Authors: Yan Xiao Yan , Wei Zhi Qiang , Liu Li Gang , Wu Xiao Juan , Zhang Ge
Published: May 2011

Helical structure ZnS were successfully prepared via solvothermal method by the reaction of zinc acetate and sodium sulphide. The composition, morphology, and microstructure of the sample were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the corresponding selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and X-ray energy spectrum (EDS). The experiment results show that the sample is 1-D hexagonal crystal ZnS and grows along the [002] direction, and is helical structure, with lengths in the range of 100-200 nm, the diameter about 5-15 nm, and pitch about 20nm.
Rheological Properties of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Based Supramolecules Hydrogel Induced by Aluminum Ion
Authors: Zhou Ying Xue , Fan Xiao Dong
Published: May 2011

Surfactant hydrogels were prepared composed of sodium dodecyl sulphate(SDS) /Al(NO3)3 /H2O systmes. Steady and oscillatory shear experiments were carried out to evaluate the inner structure of the gel with variable Al(NO3)3 concentration at a fixed SDS 20wt% composition in gel region. The results indicated that hydrogels showed shear-induced thinning nonlinear rheology behaviors. Phase transition was measured by differential scanning calorimetry and the transition temperature(Tgel) increased with aluminum salt concentration increasing. It is in conformity with electron micrograph of microstructures from spherical, short rod-like to larger cylindrical micelles. Littler salt change resulted in larger micelles transition derived from supramolecule structure of SDS and Al3+.
Effect of Packaging Conditions on Physiology Quality and Shelf-Life of Fresh-Cut Kiwifruit
Authors: Li Wei Li , Li Xi Hong , Sun Ya Jun , Tang Yao , Jiang Yu Qian , Zhang Man
Published: May 2011

Impacts of packaging conditions on shelf-life quality of fresh-cut ‘Lushanxiang’ kiwifruit were investigated during 12 d of storage at 4 °C. Fruit slices were wrapped in 64 μm polypropylene (PP) ﬁlm flushing with high CO2 (40% or 10%) atmosphere or passive modiﬁed atmospheres (air). Measurements of firmness, total phenolic content, chlorophyll and microbial growth were evaluated over time. Active packaging with the initial 10% CO2 plus 5% O2 was the most effective in maintaining flesh firmness, total phenolic and chlorophyll content, which was still 11N, 0.75 mg/mL and 0.09 mg/g respectively. Both 40% and 10% CO2 active modified packaging signiﬁcantly inhibited the microbial grows. Further researches are needed to evaluate the sensory aspects, as well as to characterize the ﬂesh translucency phenomenon of fresh-cut kiwifruits.
Preparation and Properties of PET Modified by Nano-SiO2 and Nylon MXD6T
Authors: Luo Fu Sheng
Published: May 2011

In this paper, poly (m-xylylene adipamide-terephthalyl amide) (MXD6T) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanocomposite with SiO2 load from 5% to 20% (by mass) is prepared and used to improve the barrier property of polyester bottle materials. In preparing MXD6T-SiO2 (NMXD6T), silica is in-situ polymerized with hexane diacid, terephthalic acid (TPA), alkyl and aromatic diamine. The different molar ratio of hexane diacid to terephthalic acid with the same molar diamine is designed to give the composites with different viscosity, thermal performance and the barrier properties. The 3-8 times of enhanced permeability of these polyester matrix nanocomposites with this NMXD6T to pure polyester resins are reported. The relationship of NMXD6T’s configuration and the permeability properties of polyester nanocomposites are characterized. DSC shows that NMXD6T is totally amorphous. FTIR shows the existence of silicon-oxygen bond formed in the nanocomposite, and TEM indicates an average size from 30nm to 100nm of SiO2 particles being phase separated from MXD6T matrix, while well bonded to the polyester chains.
The Influence of pH Value and SO42- Concentration on Strength of Cemented Soil
Authors: Dong Xiao Qiang , Bai Xiao Hong , Lv Yong Kang , Han Peng Ju
Published: May 2011

The pH value and SO42- concentration in corrosive environment may affect mechanical property of cemented soil inturn to cause some serious damage to structure. The results of tests show that the unconfined compression strength is decreasing with the increase of H2SO4 solution concentration, increasing with the increase of pH value. The pH value is increasing and the SO42- concentration is decreasing with the increase of corrosive time. So it is concluded that compressive strength is closely rated with the pH value, SO42- concentration of corrosive environment and corrosive time. Finally a equation is set up based on the relationship of compressive strength and factors affected, which contain the reduced coefficient of compressive strength, pH value, SO42- concentration and corrosive time. The calculated and measured values are close so that the equation could be used in practical design for reference.
Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Efficiency of Ti-SBA-15 Mesoporous Materials
Authors: Zheng Xiu Cheng , Ye Wen Hao , Lin Zheng , Liu Bing Jie , Shi Xiao Juan , Wang Xiang Yu
Published: May 2011

Ti-SBA-15 mesoporous materials were directly synthesized via a hydrothermal process and characterized by using nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and infrared ray spectroscopy. The effect of synthesis temperatures on the structure and catalytic efficiency in epoxidation of cyclohexene was discussed in details. The results showed that the optimal temperature was 100 °C under the reaction conditions.
Reuse of Spent Natural Zeolite for Methylene Blue Adsorption by Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Wang Yu , Han Pan , Yang Jie , Liu Ya Li , Han Run Ping
Published: May 2011

Microwave heating was efficient and the regeneration time was shortened compared to conventional thermal heating. Experiments were conducted to demonstrate that spent zeolite can be regenerated for reuse by microwave irradiation. The spent zeolite tested was prepared from the aqueous solutions of methylene blue. The effects of microwave irradiation time, microwave power on the regeneration efficiency were presented. The results show that microwave irradiation time and microwave power played significant role on the regeneration efficiency. It was concluded that microwave irradiation may be effective method for dye-loaded zeolite reuse.
Mechanical Property Analysis of Materials and Application of Buttress Thread Buckle Marine Conductor
Authors: Li Zhong , Zhang Lai Bin , Luo Fan , Zhang Bai Ling , Tan Shu Ying
Published: May 2011

At present, offshore drilling operations often use buttress thread casing as surface casing. The design conception of buttress thread casing comes from the offshore drilling’s demands and this kind of casing is mainly used as surface casing. This paper has taken material mechanical experiment, numerical simulation analysis and field test, the research results show that the various parameters of buttress thread casing fully complies with the drilling design requirements and the offshore oilfield production demands. This product can reduce drilling cost effectively, improve working efficiency and safety, and realize manufacture domestically. Meanwhile, the development of this project will fill the blank of the ERW (Electrical Resistance Weld) casing in CNOOC (China National Offshore Oil Corporation), and have a broad prospect of application.
Preparation of Well-Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays by Electrochemical Anodization of Titanium Foil in Neutral Electrolytes
Authors: Wang Chao , Chen Da , Liu Shu , Huang Xia Ni , Huang Yue Xiang , Shu Kang Ying
Published: May 2011

To obtain high performance TiO2nanotube arrays (TNAs)-based material is interesting because of its wide applications in photocatalysis field such as solar energy conversion, photocatalysis and sensors. In the present work, the well-ordered TNAs were prepared by electrochemical anodization of titanium foil in the SO42−/F−based electrolyte under 20 V for 2 h during which the Ti foil and Pt wire were used as anode and cathode, respectively. The FESEM results showed that the as-obtained TNAs were well-aligned on Ti substrate with ~ 1.5 μm in length and ~ 100 nm pore in diameter. The XRD results indicated that the as-formed TNAs was in the form of amorphous and could be transformed into crystalline anatase phase under the heat treatment at 450 °C. Meanwhile, the UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra demonstrated that the band-gap of the obtained TNAs was narrower than the commercial TiO2nanoparticles, indicating a better photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared TNAs over the commercial TiO2nanoparticles.