bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the outgoing SPR President
Authors: Reid George C.
Published: October 2011

The first edition of the SPR News seems to be an appropriate place to present the state of the section from the retiring president's viewpoint and to indulge in a little crystal ball gazing concerning the future problems of the AGU Solar‐Planetary Relationships (SPR) Section and of the complex of disciplines that the section represents. My 4 years as president‐elect and president have been most enjoyable, and my interactions with the other section officers, with members of the section, and with AGU staff have been remarkably free of friction. I can assure my immediate successors and anyone who is asked in the future to become a candidate for this office that there is a great deal of satisfaction to be gained from the job , not the least of which comes from the knowledge that one is representing the most active and productive section of the Union. With only about 10% of the membership of the Union, the SPR Section has consistently contributed 20%–25% of the papers at both the AGU Spring and Fall meetings and has initiated and organized many more Chapman Conferences than any other section. Having noted those facts, however, we should not allow ourselves to become too complacent. Hard times may be coming, a point to which I shall return a little later.
In Congress: Legislative update
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

For additional information on these bills, contact the sponsoring Member of Congress or committee indicated. All congressional and committee offices may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on writing to a Member of Congress, refer to AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).
[Comment on “Is Venus alive?”]
Authors: Scarf Frederick
Published: October 2011

The June 3, 1986 issue of Eos contains a Forum by Harry Taylor (National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Laboratory, Greenbelt, Md.) with a report on his latest speculations regarding Venus lightning and on his interpretation of certain measurements from the plasma wave investigation on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter. The same views have also been announced as recent discoveries by Taylor and an associate in interviews in Science News (April 5, 1986) and in New Scientist (May 15, 1986). In fact, many of the statements and interpretations in Taylor's letter (and in the interviews) are demonstrably wrong, and I want to correct the record for Eos readers.

Taylor's discussion refers to a number of Pioneer Venus publications that appeared in various journals between 1979 and 1986. In these papers, my colleagues and I identified as whistler mode plasma waves certain low‐frequency impulses detected with an electric antenna at low altitudes during the Venus night. These Venus noise bursts have all the characteristics of whistlers from lightning, and this connection was discussed in all of the published papers.
Hydrology Section Executive Committee Minutes
Authors: Mercer Jim
Published: October 2011

The AGU Hydrology Section Executive Committee Meeting was called to order at approximately 4:00 P.M. on Monday, May 19, 1986, by Allan Freeze. In attendance were Marshall Moss, George Pinder, Jim Mercer, Fred Molz, Helen Peters, Jerry Stedinger, Soroosh Sorooshian, Peter Eagleson, Karen Prestegaard, Ken Bencala, Jurate Landwehr, Bill Back, Lenny Konikow, Don Nielson, Jim Wallis, Jared Cohon, Jack Delleur, and Cynthia Bravo
Hydrologic happenings
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Shlomo Neuman, University of Arizona, has been selected to be the Birdsall Distinguished Lecturer in Hydrogeology, Geological Society of America, for the 1986–1987 academic year. Neuman is an expert on groundwater flow in fractured rocks and groundwater modeling and will be prepared to give one to three lectures at the institutions that he visits. The bequest of John Birdsall, hydrogeologist, U.S. Geological Survey, provides for transportation costs, and the host institution pays the living costs for the lecturer during his or her visit. If you would like Neuman to visit your institution, please contact L.F. Konikow, Lecturer Tour Coordinator, U.S. Geological Survey, 431 National Center, Reston, VA 22092; telephone: 703‐648‐5878.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Purdue Water Resources Research Center, in conjunction with the Office of Health and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy, cosponsored a meeting on the current uses of and future needs for supercomputers in hydrology at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., September 10–12, 1985. The charge of the seminar, “Supercomputers in Hydrology: Future Directions” (the first meeting of its kind), was to evaluate the need for large‐scale vector and parallel processing machines and their peripherals in the hydrologic sciences with emphasis on subsurface hydraulics. The seminar was attended by about 50 leaders from academia, industry, and government. While the charge of the seminar was to specifically deal with hydrologic applications of supercomputers, the conclusions drawn at the meeting apply equally well to many other fields of science and technology.
Estimation problems in rainfall modeling
Authors: Krajewski Witold F. , Georgakakos Konstantine P.
Published: October 2011

A special session entitled “Estimation Problems in Rainfall Modeling” was held during the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif. The session was chaired by Witold F. Krajewski of the Hydrologic Research Laboratory of the National Weather Service (NWS), Silver Spring, Md. The purpose of the session was to bring together researchers interested in a wide range of rainfall‐related estimation problems, such as parameter estimation, state estimation, multiple sensor rainfall analysis, and estimation problems in rainfall simulation. The topics of papers presented at the session included parameter estimation of point process models, errors in radar rainfall observations, and sampling aspects of space‐state representation of rainfall.
Cameroon Lake under study
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

A volcanic crater lake in Cameroon that emitted a deadly cloud of toxic gas on August 21, 1986, is currently under study by a team of scientists that was scheduled to arrive at the site on August 29. The team was sent by the U.S. Agency for International Development (AID) Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance to try to identify the gases released, determine the mechanism that produced the event, and assess any remaining hazard in the area.
New vent field in eastern Pacific
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

One newly discovered field of seafloor vents in the eastern Pacific Ocean includes every type of venting system that has been discovered in both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Moreover, the site may prove ideal for long‐term studies of the impact of venting on ocean chemistry, according to Eddie N. Bernard, director of the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in Seattle, Wash.
Recommendations by SESAC on ensuring the near‐term vitality of the Space and Earth Science Program
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

SESAC issued the following statement: It is clear to SESAC that the Challenger tragedy will result in delays of 2 to 5 years in the launch of planned spaceflight programs. If steps are not taken to address the consequences of this hiatus during the immediate and near‐term future, there will be a serious impact upon the vitality of the nation's space and earth science research capability. With no new missions for a few years and a slow build‐up thereafter to levels of activity which are probably below those of preaccident expectations, it will be necessary to increase the level of support for core research activities that are not dependent upon the availability of the shuttle and/or expendable launch vehicle capabilities if the nation is to retain the ability to carry out a vigorous space science program.
Early Proterozoic geology of Arizona
Authors: Conway Clay M. , Karlstrom Karl E.
Published: October 2011

The Early Proterozoic geology of Arizona and adjoining regions was the topic of a workshop convened by Clay M. Conway (U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Flagstaff, Ariz.), Karl E. Karlstrom (Northern Arizona University (NAU), Flagstaff), and Leon T. Silver (California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena) in Flagstaff, October 3–5, 1985. The meeting, sponsored by USGS, NAU, Caltech, and the Arizona Geological Survey, was attended by 73 geologists from industry, academia, and governmental agencies. The workshop brought together for the first time workers in a variety of disciplines who have been studying facets of Early Proterozoic crustal evolution in the southwest. From responses during and following the workshop, we judge that the meeting successfully accomplished its objective of furthering communication, cooperation, and collaboration. The meeting encouraged contributions, including progress reports, from all participants and concentrated on specific problems of stratigraphy, structure, petrology, geochemistry, and ore formation, with a view toward understanding overall orogenic evolution and continental accretion.
The emperor of Japan and the aurora
Authors: Akasofu S. I.
Published: October 2011

On October 3, 1985, I gave a special lecture on the aurora for the Emperor of Japan in his palace in Tokyo. It seems the Emperor, a marine biologist, has an unusual interest in the aurora. After my slide presentation, he asked how we confirm ancient sighting reports of the aurora in Japan. He was not satisfied with my response that anomalous events in the sky were well documented in an ancient publication entitled Japanese Meteorological Data and asked further how one could confirm such sightings as auroral events. He was visibly pleased to learn that the dates of these sightings coincided with those recorded elsewhere in the world.
Special GRL issue: Viking and the Aurora
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The editors of Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) invite the submission of manuscripts on auroral physics to accompany a set of papers presenting first results from the Swedish Viking satellite for a special issue.

Manuscripts should be sent in accordance with the usual rules for manuscript submission to GRL coeditor Gerhard Haerendel (Max‐Planck‐Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik 8046, Garching b. München, Federal Republic of Germany) or to any other appropriate GRL editor before December 1, 1986. The papers will undergo the usual rapid GRL review procedure.
Geodata Institute established
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) of the National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) has joined with the Colorado School of Mines to establish the Cooperative Institute for Geodata Management and Applications (CIGMA), located on the school's campus in Golden, Colo. CIGMA will aim to provide “a unique national focus” for research and development related to processing, storage, application, access, and protection of geophysical and geological data resources.
AGU Fellows
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A Fellow of the American Geophysical Union shall be a scientist who has attained acknowledged eminence in a branch of geophysics. The total number of Fellows elected each year shall not exceed 0.1% of the total membership at the time of election. Recipients of AGU medals and awards are also accorded Fellowship in the Union.
Awards
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The first presentation of the newly approved Charles A. Whitten Medal for Outstanding Achievement in Research on the Form and Dynamics of the Earth and Planets was made to Charles A. Whitten at the 1985 Spring Meeting. In addition, the first presentation of the Harry H. Hess Medal for Outstanding Achievements in Research in the Constitution and Evolution of Earth and Sister Planets was made to Gerald J. Wasserburg at the 1985 Fall Meeting.

A full program of honors and awards recognizes AGU members and other outstanding geophysicists who make significant contributions to geophysical knowledge and understanding. In addition to the presentation of the medals and awards listed below, a select committee annually confers the designation of Fellow on AGU members who have distinguished themselves in geophysics.
“Planet Earth” wins Emmy
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

“Planet Earth,” the seven‐part public television series that explores the strides made in the earth sciences since the International Geophysical Year (IGY) in 1957–1958, won a 1986 Emmy award last month from the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences in the category of Outstanding Informational Series. The series was produced by WQED/Pittsburgh in association with the National Academy of Sciences.
Ford Foundation Fellowships
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Ford Foundation is sponsoring 40 three‐year predoctoral fellowships and 10 one‐year dissertation fellowships for minorities for 1987. The predoctoral fellowships include an annual stipend of $10,000 and an annual grant of $6000 to the fellow's institution in lieu of tuition and fees. Dissertation Fellows will receive a stipend of $18,000 and no institutional grant.

The program is designed to increase the presence of under represented minorities in the nation's college and university faculties. The minority groups to be considered under this program are: American Indians, Alaskan Natives (Eskimo or Aleut), Black Americans, Mexican Americans/Chicanos, Native Pacific Islanders (Polynesians or Micronesians), and Puerto Ricans. The competition is open to any U.S. citizen who is a member of one of these groups, who is a beginning graduate student or is within 1 year of completing the dissertation, and who expects to work toward a Ph.D. or Sc.D. degree. Fellowships will be awarded in the behavioral and social sciences, humanities, engineering, mathematics, physical sciences, and biological sciences. The National Research Council, which is administering the fellowships, can provide more information on which fields of study are and are not eligible for this program.
Recent Ph.D.'s
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman:

the dissertation title,

author's name,

name of the degree‐granting department and institution,

faculty advisor,

month and year degree was awarded,

category of dissertation subject (Atmospheric Sciences, Hydrology, Ocean Sciences, Solid Earth, or Space Sciences)

.

If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
A letter from the President
Authors: Banerjee Subir K.
Published: October 2011

This is the first issue of The GP Compass, a quarterly newsletter for the Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism (GP) Section, as promised in my statement prior to my election as President. As I have stated, the newsletter should provide a focus for our members and bring a greater visibility to the activities of our section for the benefit of AGU members as a whole. Compared to some other section members, GP members tend to do their research individually rather than as large groups. Therefore a newsletter such as this ought to help inform us about the progress being achieved in the different areas within geomagnetism.
First GP student paper award given
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The GP Section has initiated an award to be given to the best student paper delivered at each of the two national meetings. The first award was given to David Douglass (Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H.) for a paper entitled “Multicomponent Magnetization of the Upper Silurian—Lower Devonian Ringerike Sandstone,” which he coauthored with D.V. Kent (Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, N.Y.) and presented at the 1986 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md. A similar award will be given after the upcoming AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif.
In Memoriam
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The spring business meeting of the GP Section was held during the GP Luncheon on Tuesday, May 20, 1986, in Baltimore, Md. Outgoing President Neil Opdyke introduced the newly elected officers: President Subir Banerjee (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis), President‐Elect Ron Merrill (University of Washington, Seattle), and Secretary Laurie Brown (University of Massachusetts, Amherst). Announcements to members included upcoming workshops on rock magnetism and deep sea drilling (further details available elsewhere in the GP Compass) and the formation of a group to study the earth's core and lower mantle (the International Study of the Earth's Core and Lower Mantle, or ISECALM). The intention of the National Science Foundation (NSF) Earth Sciences Division to have deadlines of August 15 and January 15 for proposal submission was also announced.
NRC Research Associateships
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Research Council (NRC) is accepting applications for the 1987 Resident, Cooperative, and Postdoctoral Research Associateship programs. Under these programs, about 450 Ph.D. scientists and engineers will have the opportunity to perform research as guest investigators in a laboratory in one of 26 federal agencies or research institutions. Associates are able to do research on problems that are largely of their own choosing, yet compatible with the research interests of the supporting laboratory.
Hollaender Postdoctoral Fellowships
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Health and Environmental Research (OHER) has just established the Alexander Hollaender Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship Program to support outstanding recent recipients of doctoral degrees in conducting energy‐related research supported by OHER in the environmental, life, and biomedical sciences. Fellows will receive a stipend of $35,000, and appointments will be made at participating DOE laboratories and approved university laboratories.

Applicants must have received a doctoral degree within the past 2 years. (Applicants with M.D. or D.V.M. degrees and research experience will also be considered.) Selection criteria include academic achievements, recommendations, scientific background, statement of research to be performed, and availability of funds and facilities. Fellowships are for 1 year, renewable for a second year upon recommendation of the laboratory at which the fellowship is held.
Past President's Report: The State of the Section
Authors: Freeze R. Allan
Published: October 2011

I would like to take this opportunity to summarize the state of the Hydrology Section of AGU as I see it after 4 years in the trenches (2 as President‐Elect and 2 as President). The picture I will paint is a relatively rosy one. I believe the section is healthy and performing its primary functions well with respect to publications, meeting, and awards. The section has also been involved in some special programs and issues that may be of interest to you. In this brief report, I will try to hit the highlighh in each of these areas, closing with mention of the minor but nagging ongoing problems that in my opinion arise largely from a need to grapple with the dichotomies of our section.
[Comment on “AGU Authorship Policy” and “More on AGU Authorship Policy”] A response from the establishment
Authors: Birmingham Thomas J.
Published: October 2011

Recent letters in Forum by Ron Zwickl (Eos, April 15, 1986, p. 186) and C. T. Russell (Eos, July 1, 1986, p. 545) have addressed the proliferation of authors on papers in AGU journals. I assume that the authors have at least the Journal of Geophysical Research‐Space Physics in mind, as both are frequent contributors to our journal (and highly valued referees as well!).

There is no doubt in my mind that marginal participants sometimes end up in the bylines of papers we publish. In a few instances, I do not believe that all authors even read the final manuscript: if they did, they would exercise better quality control over the submitted product. I do not agree, however, that AGU should be responsible for determining authorship, even in a tangential way: its concern, manifest through its editors, should be that each article published represents a significant new contribution to the discipline. To me as editor, it's what comes after the byline that matters!
GRL issue on Ozone Hole Continues Debate
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The November special issue of Geophysical Research Letters (GRL) is dedicated to research on a troubling scientific mystery: the annual decrease in atmospheric ozone levels over the south pole in September and October, commonly called the “ozone hole” (Eos, October 28, 1986, p. 812; June 17, 1986, p. 524). Papers in the GRL issue present evidence both supporting and casting doubt on virtually every ozone hole hypothesis proposed so far.
Profile data made available, more collected
Authors: Page Robert A. , Fuis Gary
Published: October 2011

Three seismic refraction profiles will be shot in central Alaska in 1987 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as a continuation of work on the USGS Trans‐Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT) project. USGS invites interested parties to collaborate in recording the explosions in this experiment. In addition, seismic refraction data collected in 1984 by USGS in southern Alaska are now available, to be followed soon by the data from 1985.
L. Jeff Lefkoff: Congressional Science Fellow
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

L. Jeff Lefkoff, a hydrologist with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS; Menlo Park, Calif.) and doctoral student at Stanford University (Stanford, Calif.), has been selected as the 1986–1987 AGU Congressional Science Fellow. A member of AGU's Hydrology Section, he will begin his 1‐year tenure on Capitol Hill as AGU's 10th Congressional Science Fellow in January.

At USGS and Stanford, Lefkoff has conducted research on the hydrologic and economic consequences of various options in water resources policy, especially the use of open markets for water rights. His work for USGS has included development of a computer model, intended for public distribution, for general groundwater management. He has used this model to design aquifer restoration systems and to analyze their hydrologic and economic performance.
October streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Streamflow for the month of October was in the normal or above‐normal range at 85% of the 192 U.S. index streamflow‐gaging stations, but below‐normal streamflow persisted in large parts of the Pacific Northwest and the Southeast. Lowest flows of record were set in parts of New York, Florida, and Puerto Rico, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), while major flooding affected large areas of Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri, and Illinois.
Bacon‐Bercey Award to Remer
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Lorraine A. Remer, a graduate student at the University of California, Davis, is the recipient of the 1986 June Bacon‐Bercey Scholarship for Women in Atmospheric Sciences. The scholarship, administered by AGU, is provided through a gift from June Bacon‐Bercey, a noted meteorologist.
WM0 Silver Jubilee
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Silver Jubilee (25th Meeting) of the Commission for Hydrology (CHy), World Meteorolugical Organization (WMO), was held July 11—12, 1986, at the Research Center for Water Resources (VITUKI), Budapest, Hungary. Around 125 invited scientists attended the scientific celebration.
Physically based modeling and simulation of climate and climatic change
Authors: Schlesinger Michael
Published: October 2011

The motivation for this North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Advanced Study Institute (ASI) came from the fact that a hierarchy of physically based mathematical models of the earth's climate has been and is being developed to quantitatively investigate the earth's past, present, and potential future climates. These models are currently being applied, for example, to understand the causes of the ice ages that have occurred with a period of about 100,000 years during the last million years, to study the predictability of climate on the time scale of 1‐3 months (with particular attention on the worldwide El Niño phenomena), and to project the potential climatic consequences of the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 and other trace gases. These studies are showing great potential toward the development of a comprehensive theory of climate. However, the development, testing, and application of mathematical climate models requires the dedicated efforts of an increasing number of specially trained and highly motivated scientists. The objective of the AS1 was to provide this training and motivation through a course taught by internationally recognized experts on physically based modeling and simulation of climate and climatic change.
Global geosciences to be new focus at NSF
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

With the start of the 1987 fiscal year (FY) on October 1, 1986, the National Science Foundation (NSF) officially began conducting—with the explicit blessings of Congress—the United States' first large‐scale funded program for multidisciplinary cooperative global studies, an effort NSF calls “Global Geosciences.” The agency's budget commits about $35 million to global geosciences, which is the full amount that NSF originally requested from Congress in February 1986 (Eos, February 25, 1986, p.95). The $35 million represents an impressive increase of $18 million over the $17 million in the FY 1986 budget that NSF considers itself to have spent for global studies. “To propose an increase for global geosciences within an environment of shrinking budgets illustrates the level of commitment NSF attaches to this effort,” the agency's director, Erich Bloch, said earlier this year.
Solar‐terrestrial news from NSF
Authors: Peacock Dennis S.
Published: October 2011

Tis the season to be jolly, but it is difficult, given the budgetary outlook for fiscal year (FY) 1987. The National Science Foundation (NSF) appropriation bill was signed by President Reagan on October 18, 1986. It provides $1622.9 M (M = million), which is $164.9 M or 11.3% over the post‐Gramm‐Rudman‐Hollings (GRH) level for 1986 and $62.9 M less than the FY 1987 request. The bill includes language capping astronomy at the requested level of $85.06 M.
NWS winter weather forecast
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

The Great Lakes area, the East Coast, and the southern rim of the United States may experience relatively stormy, wet weather this winter, according to the winter weather forecast for the continental United States from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service (NWS; see Figure 1). The NWS statement, which predicted average conditions in December, January , and February, also said that the south central portion of the United States has the highest chance of colder than normal winter weather, while the season is expected to bring milder than normal conditions west of the Rockies (Figure 2).

The precipitation prediction is the “more interesting, stronger” part of the forecast, according to Donald L. Gilman, chief of the NWS Prediction Branch. This winter's temperature predictions are more cautious than usual, he said.
Geophysical events
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

This is a summary of SEAN Bulletin, 11(11), November 30, 1986, a publication of the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Event Alert Network. The complete bulletin is available in the microfiche edition of Eos as a microfiche supplement or as a paper reprint. For the microfiche, order document E87‐001 at $2.50 (U.S.) from AGU Customer Services, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. For the paper reprint, order SEAN Bulletin (giving volume and issue numbers and issue date) through AGU Separates at the above address; the price is $3.50 for one copy of each issue number for those who do not have a deposit account, $2 for those who do; additional copies of each issue number are $1.
Editors' citations: Excellence in refereeing
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The seven reviewers whose photographs appear below have been cited by editors of AGU's journals for excellence in refereeing. The time and diligence contributed by these reviewers enhance the quality of our journals.
Top sponsors
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

In 1986, 2290 new members were elected. The top sponsors, AGU members sponsoring three or more new members, are listed below.

12 Members: Peter S. Eagleson.
Exploration, discovery, serendipity, and COCORP
Authors: Drake Charles L.
Published: October 2011

The Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling, known as COCORP, has now been operating for more than a decade since its original experiment in Hardeman County, Tex. Ten years ago, the idea of a transcontinental deep reflection section seemed an impossible dream, but today, major segments of such a profile have been surveyed. Completion of such a section by the time of the International Geological Congress (to be held in Washington in 1989) is very likely.

When the project began, our knowledge of the deep structure of the continents was rudimentary at best. From earthquake seismology, large‐scale seismic refraction experiments, and gravity data, we had a general picture of regional variations in crustal velocities and depth to the mantle, but the details were unknown. From a few exposures and from studies of xenoliths, we had some idea of the nature of the lower crust, but only in special areas. Initial COCORP experiments focused on specific areas in which existing geological and geophysical data suggested that deep reflections could be found and that specific questions could be answered. When these proved successful, the program ventured into the unknown and began a broad reconnaissance of the continental crust of the United States. The success of the early experiments did not go unnoticed by others, and deep reflection experiments are now being conducted in a number of countries.
NSF begins research program for undergraduates
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is planning to commit $9 million during this fiscal year to a program that will enable more undergraduate students to have “hands‐on” research experience. NSF is now seeking proposals for its new “Research Experiences for Undergraduates” (REU) program.

“One of the National Science Foundation's principal goals is to ensure an adequate supply of high‐quality mathematicians, scientists, and engineers for the future . . . . There is widespread agreement that hands‐on experience in active research is one of the most effective techniques for training undergraduates for [such careers], and that too few such experiences are now available,” an NSF announcement said.
FY 1988 Federal Budget proposal: Outlook for geophysics again a mixed bag
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

A proposed 70% increase for the Global Geosciences Program at the National Science Foundation (NSF) and a new start for a “Global Geospace Science” mission at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) were among the highlights for geophysics in the federal budget proposal for fiscal year (FY) 1988 that the Reagan Administration submitted to Congress last month. Once again, large budget increases proposed for NSF and NASA contrasted with cuts proposed for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). In addition, the grounding of the space shuttle fleet has stopped most of NASA's space science projects in their tracks for FY 1987 and FY 1988. (A federal fiscal year begins on October 1 of the previous calendar year.)
Become an AGU Supporting Member
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

You can extend your commitment to the continuing vitality of geophysics by helping AGU to build funds that will provide for new initiatives and assist in funding some of the nonrevenue programs of AGU such as the congressional science fellowship, minority student scholarships, and the student travel grants. The AGU Development Committee is seeking gifts and contributions toward building the endowment of the Union: The vitality of AGU and the vitality of geophysics march hand in hand.
Roger E. Smith: 1986 Horton Award Recipient
Authors: Johnson A. Ivan , Smith Roger E.
Published: October 2011

The recipient of the 1986 Robert T. Horton Award is Roger E. Smith. Roger received his bachelor's degree in civil engineering from Texas Technical University at Lubbock, Tex., in 1963, and his master's degree in civil engineering from Stanford University at Stanford, Calif., in 1964. Roger then spent 2 years in the Peace Corps Service in Pakistan. In 1967, he enrolled as a graduate student at Colorado State University.
Hydrology Section Executive Committee minutes
Authors: Mercer James W.
Published: October 2011

The AGU Hydrology Section Executive Committee Meeting was called to order at approximately 4 P.M. on Monday, December 8, 1986 by Marshall Moss. In attendance were George Pinder, Allan Freeze, Jim Mercer, Ron Cummings, Ken Bencala, Jim Wallis, Simon Ince, Jack Stone, Jeff Dozier, Don Nielson, Ivan Johnson, John Wilson, Helen Peters, Jurate Landwehr, Karen Prestegaard, Soroosh Sorooshian, Jery Stedinger, Peter Kitanidis, Rafael Bras, and Waldo Smith.
Senators study ozone, climate
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Whether the United States should restrict ozone‐destroying pollutants on its own or wait until other countries agree to do the same was one major focus of a joint hearing held last month by two Senate subcommittees. Ten senators, members of the Subcommittee on Hazardous Waste and Toxic Substances and the Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, heard testimony from experts on both the science and policy aspects of ozone depletion, the greenhouse effect, and climate change.
Allan V. Cox: AGU President 1978”1980
Authors: Richman Barbara T.
Published: October 2011

When Allan V. Cox was presented AGU's John Adam Fleming Medal in 1969, John Verhoogen described Cox's work as “characterized by painstaking care, proper attention to and use of statistics, and great insight.” Those same thoughts were echoed on February 3, 1987, during the memorial service for Cox, who died in a bicycling accident on January 27. The Stanford Memorial Church was crowded with colleagues, students, and friends.

The Fleming Medal was presented to Cox in recognition of his studies on the fluctuation of the geomagnetic field. These studies helped to confirm theories of continental drift and seafloor spreading. The medal is awarded annually by AGU for original research and technical leadership in geomagnetism, atmospheric electricity, aeronomy, and related sciences. In addition to the Fleming Medal, Cox received the Antarctic Service Medal in 1970, the Vetlesen Prize in 1971, and the Arthur L. Day Prize of the National Academy of Sciences in 1984. He was a Fellow of AGU and a member of the National Academy of Sciences.
Ian Carmichael receives 1986 VGP Award
Authors: DePaolo Donald J. , Carmichael I. S. E.
Published: October 2011

It is a great personal pleasure to present to you today Ian S. E. Carmichael as corecipient of the 1986 Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Award. This award is given in recognition of his many contributions, both in research and as an educator. I will describe to you some of these in d u e course, but first I would like to provide you a little background (some of it factual) on a most remarkable man.

I first met Carmichael, appropriately, on a field trip to Baja California almost exactly 10 years ago. The objective of this trip was to collect specimens of lava and xenoliths from the San Quintin volcanic Field, but the most memorable aspects for me were the campfire chats, our having to extricate the vehicle from the beach sands, and the fact that I received my first serious lesson in how to attack an igneous rock with a sledgehammer.
FROGS (Friends of Granites) report
Authors: Miller Calvin
Published: October 2011

This VGP News, which is devoted to petrology, is a good one for noting the existence of FROGS. FROGS is, as the name suggests, an informal organization of people whose research relates in one way or another to granitic rocks. Its purpose has been to promote communication among geoscientists with different perspectives and concerns about felsic plutonism. Initially, a major focus was experimental petrology and integration of field‐oriented and lab‐oriented viewpoints; now that there is the opportunity to communicate with the Eos readership, an obvious additional goal will be to bring together volcanic and plutonic views of felsic magmatism.

FROGS first gathered in late 1982 under the guidance of E‐an Zen and Pete Toulmin (both at U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Reston, Va.), who saw a need for greater interaction among those interested in granites and for renewed, focused experimental investigations. They produced two newsletters (which were sent out by direct mail) and organized an informal meeting at the Geological Society of America meeting at Indianapolis, Ind., and then turned over the FROG reins to Sue Kieffer (USGS, Flagstaff, Ariz.) and John Clemens (Arizona State University, Tempe). They generated another newsletter, which was directly mailed to a readership that had grown beyond 200.
Lake in Cameroon remains a hazard
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Carbon dioxide levels remain dangerous in Lake Nyos, the lake in Cameroon that released a deadly cloud of the gas last August, according to the final report of the U.S. scientific team sent by the Agency for International Development (AID) to investigate the disaster. The scientists recommended that a system be constructed to pipe the lake's CO2‐saturated bottom water to the surface at a controlled rate. The team also said that the CO2 concentration of other volcanic lakes in the region should be monitored.
Possible rebirth of ocean color imaging
Authors: Sackett William
Published: October 2011

For 8 years the experimental Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Nimbus 7 satellite provided synoptic images of the distribution of chlorophyll, which is a good indicator of the biological productivity of the surface ocean. These color patterns also provided subtle information about ocean currents that could not be obtained by other means. The satellite, launched in 1978, had a nominal life of 1 or 2 years, but it continued to give useful data until summer 1986. Because of its projected short life, repeated attempts to acquire funding for another color scanner began in 1980, but higher priorities preempted all attempts to date.
AGU scholars
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

Nine AGU Scholars were named from among the recipients of scholarships under the American Geological Institute's (AGI) Minority Participation Program for the 1986– 1987 academic year in recognition of AGU's continued strong support and substantial contribution to this program. Two of these are AGU Sea Grant Scholars because part of the support for this program comes from a matching grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Sea Grant Program, which is aimed at increasing the number of minority students studying in fields related to the development of marine and coastal resources.
Development in phase equilibria models for igneous systems
Authors: Nielsen R. L. , Glazner A. F. , Baker D. B. , Nekvasil H. , Russel J. I.
Published: October 2011

Methods for simulation of natural differentiation processes have been an object of study for most of the history of igneous petrology. With the advent of quantitative geochemical data on experimental systems, the models used by petrologists have moved progressively from graphical (i.e., phase diagrams) to numerical methods [e.g., Roeder and Emslie, 1970; Stormer and Nicholls, 1978]. Even developments in graphical methods have entailed increased complexity in the projection of compositional data [e.g., Grove et al., 1982]. This article summarizes current developments in some of the most recent nongraphical models of phase equilibria. The most critical component of these models is the method used to calculate the melt component activities.
Long‐range side scan sonar and geophysical survey of the Aleutian Basin
Authors: Carlson P. R. , Cooper, A. K. , Gardner J. V. , Karl H. A. , Marlow M. S. , Stevenson A. J. , Huggett Q. , Kenyon N. H. , Parson L. M.
Published: October 2011

In 1983, President Ronald Reagan established the Exclusive Economic Zone, an area of 3.9 billion acres (∼1.6 billion hectares) that gives the United States exclusive rights to energy and mineral resources on and under the seafloor for a distance of 200 nautical miles (∼370 km) from its coastline and in its territorial seas [Rowland et al., 1983]. The U.S. Geological Survey established a program, EEZ‐Scan, in spring 1984 to map this new undersea territory [Gardner, 1984; EEZ‐Scan Group, 1985]. The results of the first field season of mapping the EEZ off the conterminous west coast of the United States have been published as an atlas [EEZ‐Scan 84 Scientific Staff, 1986] that is the first volume of a series.
[Comment on “Vetting of Conference Proceedings papers: Too much of a good thing?”] Review papers: Proceedings vs. journals
Authors: Gary S. Peter
Published: October 2011

I fully support Stan Cowley's letter in the Forum (Eos, October 21, 1986, p. 803) concerning refereeing standards for conference proceedings. Stan's most important point, in my opinion, should be repeated several times over to all space physicists: “Proceedings are simply not accessible to the same degree as are journals.”

I further believe that conference proceedings have wrongly usurped the role of review journals in space physics. The number of space physics papers that have appeared in our AGU review journal in both 1985 and in 1986 is of order unity; in contrast, I count about 30 space physics review or tutorial papers in two Chapman Conference Proceedings from 1985 alone. Perhaps this is appropriate, since “Space Physics” was dropped from the title of this AGU journal 2 years ago. Nevertheless, this decline in journal‐published space science review papers will make life more difficult for future generations of researchers in our field who wish to utilize review papers from this epoch. They, as many of our contemporaries who do not have copies of the appropriate proceedings on their bookshelves, will find that libraries typically have less complete collections of conference proceedings than refereed journals. They will also discover that conference proceedings often circulate, whereas refereed journals usually do not, with the result that they will be much less likely to find the paper they seek if it has been published in a conference proceedings. In other words, as the highly respected Stanley Cowley has said: “Proceedings are simply not accessible to the same degree as are journals.”
January streamflow
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

During January, the St. Lawrence River averaged a record high flow for the fifth straight month. This reflects the continued high level of the Great Lakes, according to the monthly water resources report of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS hydrologists said that more than 80% of the nation's key index streams were at average or well above average flows during January.
The Iraqi Seismological Network: Current status and future trends
Authors: Fahmi Khalid J. , Ayar Basil S. , Al Salim Mazin A.
Published: October 2011

The latest seismic observational equipment and data processing instrumentation installed at the Iraqi Seismological Network (ISN) during 1984 and 1985 are described. System configuration, network operation, and data management are discussed. A brief outlook on ISN prospects in relation to future national and regional (Pan‐Arabic) programs of seismic hazard assessment and reduction concludes the report.
Scripps starts Antarctic Center
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The Scripps Institution of Oceanography (La Jolla, Calif.) is establishing a facility that will supply data on weather, ocean, and ice conditions in Antarctica year‐round using satellite information. Scripps plans to install a computer system for satellite data handling and image enhancement on its campus in April, and an identical system at McMurdo Station in Antarctica in October.

The system at the new Antarctic Research Center (ARC) will track two satellites in the Meteorological Satellite Program of the Department of Defense and two TIROS‐N satellites of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Visual data are expected to provide information on glacier movement, crevasse detection, ice mapping, and weather conditions, while infrared data will be used in studies of ocean currents, upwelling, and changing ice conditions, according to Scripps.
Shackleton: His Antarctic Writings
Authors: Dalrymple Paul C.
Published: October 2011

Two books entitled “Shackleton” were published in the United Kingdom in recent years. The one entitled Shackleton: His Antarctic Writings, Selected and Introduced by Christopher Ralling was published by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) in 1983; the other, by Roland Huntford and simply entitled Shackleton, was published by Hodder and Stoughton (London) in November 1985. The only two things that these books have in common are their title and home publication base: The BBC book is essentially excerpts from two well‐known books written by Shackleton, with a strong assist from a New Zealand reporter, Edward Saunders (who served as Shackleton's amanuensis), whereas Huntford's book is an outstanding polar biography.
Key appropriations subcommittee assignments
Authors: Katzoff Judith A.
Published: October 2011

Below are membership lists for appropriations subcommittees in the 100th Congress that have direct jurisdiction over geophysical research. Last week, Eos published membership lists for other key congressional committees (Eos, March 10, 1987, p. 138.).

Letters to Senate committees should be addressed to the committee, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC 20510; letters to House committees should be addressed to the committee, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC 20515. Initial contacts with committee and subcommittee staff may be valuable. For additional guidelines on contacting a member of Congress or congressional staff, see “AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts” (Eos, September 30, 1986, p. 739).
Superconductor resembles perovskite
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

A new compound that acts as a superconductor at a temperature of 77 Kandshows evidence of the onset of superconductivity at 93 K has been found to have an atomic structure related to that of perovskite (Figure 1). The compound's structure was presented at two scientific meetings on March 18, 1987, by a group from the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington (Washington, D.C.).
GP Program Committee
Authors: Anonymous
Published: October 2011

The GP Program Committee, composed of Laurie Brown, Sue Halgedahl, and Steve Lund, has been formed for the purpose of planning, on a long‐range basis, the AGU‐GP meeting programs through 1988. The goals for this committee are to spread special sessions equally between the AGU Spring and Fall Meetings and also to provide adequate forewarning of special sessions. This is not to say that last‐minute plans for special sessions will go by the wayside, as there is always a place for new and exciting topics. However, if we want to make special sessions truly special and stimulating, a longer lead time should produce better contributions a n d greater participation.