bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of creatinine concentration in whole blood spheroids using paper spray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Sham Tung-Ting , Badu-Tawiah Abraham K. , McWilliam Stephen J. , Maher Simon
Published: August 2022

Accurate quantification of blood creatinine is important to estimate the glomerular filtration rate. Existing techniques using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) have a high accuracy and eliminate most interferences encountered in routine enzymatic and Jaffé methods. However, they require laborious and time-consuming sample treatment and data acquisition. The aim of this study is to develop a fast and simple method to enable a direct analysis of whole blood creatinine with performance measures that are comparable to conventional LC–MS/MS. 5μL whole blood is formed as a three-dimensional spheroid on hydrophobic silanized paper substrates which then undergoes paper-spray ionization—tandem mass spectrometry (PSI–MS/MS). The method is validated using real human samples and compared with LC–MS/MS. PSI–MS/MS whole blood analysis exhibited a lower limit of quantification of 2.5 μg/mL, precision ≤ 6.3%, recovery in the range of 88–94% and excellent linearity (R2 > 0.99; 2.5—20 μg/mL) covering the normal range for creatinine levels. Creatinine levels were comparable to those measured by LC–MS/MS with small deviations of less than 0.3 μg/mL. This simple, fast and accurate microsampling technique for direct analysis of creatinine from whole blood shows promise for routine clinical screening and monitoring. This approach can be readily extended for other analytes of interest and, due to inherent advantages relating to cost, storability, speed, and simplicity, it can be especially advantageous for use in resource-limited settings.
Effect of 5-weeks participation in The Daily Mile on cognitive function, physical fitness, and body composition in children
Authors: Dring Karah J. , Hatch Lorna M. , Williams Ryan A. , Morris John G. , Sunderland Caroline , Nevill Mary E. , Cooper Simon B.
Published: August 2022

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of 5-weeks participation in The Daily Mile on cognitive function, physical fitness, and adiposity in primary school children. In a quasi-experimental study, one class from each school completed The Daily Mile (n = 44) or acted as a control group (n = 35). Baseline measures included cognitive function tests (Stroop test, Sternberg paradigm, Flanker task), physical fitness (multi-stage fitness test) and body composition (BMI percentile, waist:hip circumference, sum of skinfolds). The intervention group completed 5-weeks of The Daily Mile. Follow-up measurements were completed within 48-h of the last training session. Data were analysed via ANCOVA, examining between group differences at follow-up, controlling for baseline values. Response times on the complex Stroop test were faster at follow-up in the intervention group (Intervention: 1357 ms [1280–1400 ms]; Control: 1463 ms, [1410–1523 ms], d = 0.31, p = 0.048). There was no effect of The Daily Mile on the Sternberg paradigm or Flanker test. Physical fitness was greater at follow-up in the intervention group (Intervention: 880 m, [820–940 m]; Control: 740 m, [680–800 m], d = 0.39, p = 0.002). There was no effect of the intervention on adiposity. In conclusion, five-weeks of The Daily Mile enhanced inhibitory control and physical fitness in children, but did not affect working memory, attention, or adiposity.
Engineered DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies targeting Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein confer single dose protection in a murine malaria challenge model
Authors: Tursi Nicholas J. , Reeder Sophia M. , Flores-Garcia Yevel , Bah Mamadou A. , Mathis-Torres Shamika , Salgado-Jimenez Berenice , Esquivel Rianne , Xu Ziyang , Chu Jacqueline D. , Humeau Laurent , Patel Ami , Zavala Fidel , Weiner David B.
Published: August 2022

Novel approaches for malaria prophylaxis remain important. Synthetic DNA-encoded monoclonal antibodies (DMAbs) are a promising approach to generate rapid, direct in vivo host-generated mAbs with potential benefits in production simplicity and distribution coupled with genetic engineering. Here, we explore this approach in a malaria challenge model. We engineered germline-reverted DMAbs based on human mAb clones CIS43, 317, and L9 which target a junctional epitope, major repeat, and minor repeat of the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) respectively. DMAb variants were encoded into a plasmid vector backbone and their expression and binding profiles were characterized. We demonstrate long-term serological expression of DMAb constructs resulting in in vivo efficacy of CIS43 GL and 317 GL in a rigorous mosquito bite mouse challenge model. Additionally, we engineered an Fc modified variant of CIS43 and L9-based DMAbs to ablate binding to C1q to test the impact of complement-dependent Fc function on challenge outcomes. Complement knockout variant DMAbs demonstrated similar protection to that of WT Fc DMAbs supporting the notion that direct binding to the parasite is sufficient for the protection observed. Further investigation of DMAbs for malaria prophylaxis appears of importance.
Profiling of humoral immune responses to norovirus in children across Europe
Authors: Villabruna Nele , Izquierdo-Lara Ray W. , Schapendonk Claudia M. E. , de Bruin Erwin , Chandler Felicity , Thao Tran Thi Nhu , Westerhuis Brenda M. , van Beek Janko , Sigfrid Louise , Giaquinto Carlo , Goossens Herman , Bielicki Julia A. , Kohns Vasconcelos Malte , Fraaij Pieter L. A. , Koopmans Marion P. G. , de Graaf Miranda
Published: August 2022

Norovirus is a leading cause of epidemic acute gastroenteritis. More than 30 genotypes circulate in humans, some are common, and others are only sporadically detected. Here, we investigated whether serology can be used to determine which genotypes infect children. We established a multiplex protein microarray with structural and non-structural norovirus antigens that allowed simultaneous antibody testing against 30 human GI and GII genotypes. Antibody responses of sera obtained from 287 children aged < 1 month to 5.5 years were profiled. Most specific IgG and IgA responses were directed against the GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, and GII.6 capsid genotypes. While we detected antibody responses against rare genotypes, we found no evidence for wide circulation. We also detected genotype-specific antibodies against the non-structural proteins p48 and p22 in sera of older children. In this study, we show the age-dependent antibody responses to a broad range of norovirus capsid and polymerase genotypes, which will aid in the development of vaccines.
The need and safety of vitamin supplementation in adults with obesity within 9 months post sleeve gastrectomy (SG): assessment based on intake
Authors: Wawrzyniak Agata , Krotki Monika
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study was to assess the need and safety of vitamin supplementation in adults with obesity post bariatric surgery (SG), based on intake assessment. Patients with obesity class III, and with obesity class II with comorbidities were followed up at 3, 6 and 9 months post bariatric surgery. Based on a 4-day food record questionnaire, the intake of vitamins and calories was assessed and an interview regarding the consumption of supplements was conducted. The study showed a deficiency in the dietary intake of vitamin D, folate (B9) and vitamin B1 (in 93–100% of respondents), vitamins E and C (in 53–67% of respondents), vitamins A, PP and vitamins B2 and B6 (in 10 to 23% of respondents) and vitamin B12 (only 1 woman). The intake of multivitamin supplements was implemented by 72% of respondents, independently, all patients were taking a vitamin D supplement. Vitamin deficiencies were only reported in a small percentage of patients (3–17%), who did not take supplements throughout the observation period. Supplementation with vitamins D, E, C, B1 and folic acid (B9), used regularly, supplemented the nutritional deficiencies of patients. The intake of vitamin A, B2, PP, and B6 with supplements did not significantly affect the overall intake. Supplementation with vitamin B12 turned out to be unjustified to the nutritional recommendations. The dietary and/or supplemental intake of vitamins did not exceed the tolerable upper intake level (UL). The results of the study confirm the need to implement vitamin supplementation for bariatric patients and its safety.
Discovery and insights from DSX mission’s high-power VLF wave transmission experiments in the radiation belts
Authors: Song P. , Tu J. , Galkin I. A. , McCollough J. P. , Ginet G. P. , Johnston W. R. , Su Y.-J. , Starks M. J. , Reinisch B. W. , Inan U. S. , Lauben D. S. , Linscott I. R. , Farrell W. M. , Allgeier S. , Lambour R. , Schoenberg J. , Gillespie W. , Stelmash S. , Roche K. , Sinclair A. J. , Sanchez J. C.
Published: August 2022

Space weather phenomena can threaten space technologies. A hazard among these is the population of relativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts. To reduce the threat, artificial processes can be introduced by transmitting very-low-frequency (VLF) waves into the belts. The resulting wave-particle interactions may deplete these harmful electrons. However, when transmitting VLF waves in space plasma, the antenna, plasma, and waves interact in a manner that is not well-understood. We conducted a series of VLF transmission experiments in the radiation belts and measured the power and radiation impedance under various frequencies and conditions. The results demonstrate the critical role played by the plasma-antenna-wave interaction around high-voltage space antennae and open the possibility to transmit high power in space. The physical insight obtained in this study can provide guidance to future high-power space-borne VLF transmitter developments, laboratory whistler-mode wave injection experiments, and the interpretation of various astrophysical and optical phenomena.
Genome-wide evaluation of copy gain and loss variations in three Afghan sheep breeds
Authors: Moradi Mohammad Hossein , Mahmodi Roqiah , Farahani Amir Hossein Khaltabadi , Karimi Mohammad Osman
Published: August 2022

Copy number variation (CNV) is one of the main sources of variation between different individuals that has recently attracted much researcher interest as a major source for heritable variation in complex traits. The aim of this study was to identify CNVs in Afghan indigenous sheep consisting of three Arab, Baluchi, and Gadik breeds using genomic arrays containing 53,862 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Data were analyzed using the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) of PennCNV software. In this study, out of 45 sheep studied, 97.8% (44 animals) have shown CNVs. In total, 411 CNVs were observed for autosomal chromosomes and the entire sequence length of around 144 Mb was identified across the genome. The average number of CNVs per each sheep was 9.13. The identified CNVs for Arab, Baluchi, and Gadik breeds were 306, 62, and 43, respectively. After merging overlapped regions, a total of 376 copy number variation regions (CNVR) were identified, which are 286, 50, and 40 for Arab, Baluchi, and Gadik breeds, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the genes and QTLs reported in these regions and the biochemical pathways involved by these genes. The results showed that many of these CNVRs overlapped with the genes or QTLs that are associated with various pathways such as immune system development, growth, reproduction, and environmental adaptions. Furthermore, to determine a genome-wide pattern of selection signatures in Afghan sheep breeds, the unbiased estimates of FST was calculated and the results indicated that 37 of the 376 CNVRs (~ 10%) have been also under selection signature, most of those overlapped with the genes influencing production, reproduction and immune system. Finally, the statistical methods used in this study was applied in an external dataset including 96 individuals of the Iranian sheep breed. The results indicated that 20 of the 114 CNVRs (18%) identified in Iranian sheep breed were also identified in our study, most of those overlapped with the genes influencing production, reproduction and immune system. Overall, this is the first attempts to develop the genomic map of loss and gain variation in the genome of Afghan indigenous sheep breeds, and may be important to shed some light on the genomic regions associated with some economically important traits in these breeds.
Pronounced interplay between intrinsic phase-coexistence and octahedral tilt magnitude in hole-doped lanthanum cuprates
Authors: Tidey Jeremiah P. , Liu En-Pei , Lai Yen-Chung , Chuang Yu-Chun , Chen Wei-Tin , Cane Lauren J. , Lester Chris , Petsch Alexander N. D. , Herlihy Anna , Simonov Arkadiy , Hayden Stephen M. , Senn Mark
Published: August 2022

Definitive understanding of superconductivity and its interplay with structural symmetry in the hole-doped lanthanum cuprates remains elusive. The suppression of superconductivity around 1/8th doping maintains particular focus, often attributed to charge-density waves (CDWs) ordering in the low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) phase. Central to many investigations into this interplay is the thesis that La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 and particularly La1.675Eu0.2Sr0.125CuO4 present model systems of purely LTT structure at low temperature. However, combining single-crystal and high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction, we find these to exhibit significant, intrinsic coexistence of LTT and low-temperature orthorhombic domains, typically associated with superconductivity, even at 10 K. Our two-phase models reveal substantially greater tilting of CuO6 octahedra in the LTT phase, markedly buckling the CuO2 planes. This would couple significantly to band narrowing, potentially indicating a picture of electronically driven phase segregation, reminiscent of optimally doped manganites. These results call for reassessment of many experiments seeking to elucidate structural and electronic interplay at 1/8 doping.
Spatial point patterns generation on remote sensing data using convolutional neural networks with further statistical analysis
Authors: Kosarevych Rostyslav , Lutsyk Oleksiy , Rusyn Bohdan , Alokhina Olga , Maksymyuk Taras , Gazda Juraj
Published: August 2022

Continuous technological growth and the corresponding environmental implications are triggering the enhancement of advanced environmental monitoring solutions, such as remote sensing. In this paper, we propose a new method for the spatial point patterns generation by classifying remote sensing images using convolutional neural network. To increase the accuracy, the training samples are extended by the suggested data augmentation scheme based on the similarities of images within the same part of the landscape for a limited observation time. The image patches are classified in accordance with the labels of previously classified images of the manually prepared training and test samples. This approach has improved the accuracy of image classification by 7% compared to current best practices of data augmentation. A set of image patch centers of a particular class is considered as a random point configuration, while the class labels are used as marks for every point. A marked point pattern is regarded as a combination of several subpoint patterns with the same qualitative marks. We analyze the bivariate point pattern to identify the relationships between points of different types using the features of a marked random point pattern.
Impact of tumor burden on survival in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Matoba Takuma , Minohara Kiyoshi , Kawakita Daisuke , Takano Gaku , Oguri Keisuke , Murashima Akihiro , Nakai Kazuyuki , Iwaki Sho , Tsuge Hiroshi , Tanaka Nobukazu , Imaizumi Sae , Hojo Wataru , Matsumura Ayano , Tsukamoto Koji , Esaki Shinichi , Iwasaki Shinichi
Published: August 2022

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer (RM-HNC). However, many patients fail to benefit from the treatment. Previous studies have revealed that tumor burden predicts the efficacy of ICIs, but this association remains unclear for RM-HNC. We retrospectively analyzed 94 patients with RM-HNC treated with ICI monotherapy. We estimated the tumor burden using the baseline number of metastatic lesions (BNML) and the baseline sum of the longest diameters of the target lesions (BSLD), and evaluated the association between BNML, BSLD, and standardized uptake value (SUV) and clinical outcomes. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.1 and 3.1 months in the low-BNML and high-BNML groups, respectively (p = 0.010). The median PFS was 9.1 and 3.5 months in the low-BSLD and high-BSLD groups, respectively (p = 0.004). Moreover, patients with high SUVmax levels had worse overall survival (OS) and PFS. BNML, BSLD, and SUVmax are useful prognostic factors in patients with RM-HNC treated with ICIs. Imaging examinations before ICI treatment are recommended to predict the efficacy of ICIs. If the tumor burden is high, cytotoxic anticancer agents may be administered concomitantly with or prior to ICI monotherapy.
Automated analysis method to assess pulmonary blood flow distribution using conventional X-ray angiography
Authors: Sakaguchi Takuya , Watanabe Yuichiro , Hirose Masashi , Takei Kohta , Yasukochi Satoshi
Published: August 2022

Quantitative assessment of the right-to-left ratio of pulmonary blood flow distribution is important for determining the clinical indications for treating pulmonary arterial branch stenosis. A novel theory was recently proposed that can be used to quantitatively assess the right-to-left ratio on conventional X-ray angiography images. In the proposal, further developments were indicated, especially automated calculation. In this study, a new automated algorithm was developed. In the X-ray image, regions of interest were set in right and left lung, and time-signal intensity curves were measured. The new automated algorithm is applied to determine the optimal time window for the analysis of the time-signal intensity curve and to calculate the slope of the curve in the optimized time window. The right-to-left ratios in seven consecutive patients calculated by the new automated algorithm were compared to those calculated by lung perfusion scintigraphy. The ratios were in good agreement with linear regression with a slope of 1.27 and a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.95. The processing time was less than 10 s, which is one-eighth of the manual processing time. The new automated algorithm is accurate, stable, and fast enough for clinical use in the real world.
Citizen science monitoring reveals links between honeybee health, pesticide exposure and seasonal availability of floral resources
Authors: Woodcock Ben A. , Oliver Anna E. , Newbold Lindsay K. , Soon Gweon H. , Read Daniel S. , Sayed Ujala , Savage Joanna , Bacon Jim , Upcott Emily , Howell Katherine , Turvey Katharine , Roy David B. , Gloria Pereira M. , Sleep Darren , Greenop Arran , Pywell Richard F.
Published: August 2022

We use a national citizen science monitoring scheme to quantify how agricultural intensification affects honeybee diet breadth (number of plant species). To do this we used DNA metabarcoding to identify the plants present in 527 honey samples collected in 2019 across Great Britain. The species richness of forage plants was negatively correlated with arable cropping area, although this was only found early in the year when the abundance of flowering plants was more limited. Within intensively farmed areas, honeybee diets were dominated by Brassica crops (including oilseed rape). We demonstrate how the structure and complexity of honeybee foraging relationships with plants is negatively affected by the area of arable crops surrounding hives. Using information collected from the beekeepers on the incidence of an economically damaging bee disease (Deformed Wing Virus) we found that the occurrence of this disease increased where bees foraged in agricultural land where there was a high use of foliar insecticides. Understanding impacts of land use on resource availability is fundamental to assessing long-term viability of pollinator populations. These findings highlight the importance of supporting temporally timed resources as mitigation strategies to support wider pollinator population viability.
Brainprints: identifying individuals from magnetoencephalograms
Authors: Wu Shenghao , Ramdas Aaditya , Wehbe Leila
Published: August 2022

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is used to study a wide variety of cognitive processes. Increasingly, researchers are adopting principles of open science and releasing their MEG data. While essential for reproducibility, sharing MEG data has unforeseen privacy risks. Individual differences may make a participant identifiable from their anonymized recordings. However, our ability to identify individuals based on these individual differences has not yet been assessed. Here, we propose interpretable MEG features to characterize individual difference. We term these features brainprints (brain fingerprints). We show through several datasets that brainprints accurately identify individuals across days, tasks, and even between MEG and Electroencephalography (EEG). Furthermore, we identify consistent brainprint components that are important for identification. We study the dependence of identifiability on the amount of data available. We also relate identifiability to the level of preprocessing and the experimental task. Our findings reveal specific aspects of individual variability in MEG. They also raise concerns about unregulated sharing of brain data, even if anonymized.
Temporally coordinated expression of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast proteins in wheat promotes Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici infection
Authors: Corredor-Moreno Pilar , Badgami Roshani , Jones Sally , Saunders Diane G. O.
Published: August 2022

Targeting host processes that allow pathogens to thrive can be invaluable in resistance breeding. Here, we generated a deep-sequencing transcriptome time course for Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) infection on wheat and compared datasets from three wheat varieties with different levels of susceptibility to two tested pathogen isolates. We sought genes specifically altered in a susceptible host as candidates that might support colonisation. Host responses differed between Pst-varietal pairs most prominently early during infection. Notably, however, nuclear genes encoding chloroplast-localised proteins (NGCPs) exhibited temporal coordination of expression profiles that differed at later time points in relation to Pst susceptibility. Disrupting one such NGCP, encoding the chloroplast-localised RNA binding protein TaCSP41a, led to lower Pst susceptibility. These analyses thus highlight NGCPs as prime targets for Pst manipulation during infection and point to TaCSP41a disruption as a potential source of Pst resistance for breeding programmes.
Nonreciprocal and chiral single-photon scattering for giant atoms
Authors: Chen Yao-Tong , Du Lei , Guo Lingzhen , Wang Zhihai , Zhang Yan , Li Yong , Wu Jin-Hui
Published: August 2022

Quantum optics with giant atoms has provided a new paradigm to study photon scatterings. In this work, we investigate the nontrivial single-photon scattering properties of giant atoms being an effective platform to realize nonreciprocal and chiral quantum optics. For two-level giant atoms, we identify the condition for nonreciprocal transmission: the external atomic dissipation is further required other than the breaking of time-reversal symmetry by local coupling phases. Especially, in the non-Markovian regime, unconventional revival peaks periodically appear in the reflection spectrum. To explore more interesting scattering behaviors, we extend the two-level giant-atom system to Δ-type and ∇ -type three-level giant atoms coupled to double waveguides with different physical mechanisms to realize nonreciprocal and chiral scatterings. Our proposed giant-atom structures have potential applications of high-efficiency targeted routers that can transport single photons to any desired port deterministically and circulators that can transport single photons between four ports in a cyclic way.
BMP4 and Gremlin 1 regulate hepatic cell senescence during clinical progression of NAFLD/NASH
Authors: Baboota Ritesh K. , Rawshani Aidin , Bonnet Laurianne , Li Xiangyu , Yang Hong , Mardinoglu Adil , Tchkonia Tamar , Kirkland James L. , Hoffmann Anne , Dietrich Arne , Boucher Jeremie , Blüher Matthias , Smith Ulf
Published: August 2022

The role of hepatic cell senescence in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not well understood. To examine this, we performed liver biopsies and extensive characterization of 58 individuals with or without NAFLD/NASH. Here, we show that hepatic cell senescence is strongly related to NAFLD/NASH severity, and machine learning analysis identified senescence markers, the BMP4 inhibitor Gremlin 1 in liver and visceral fat, and the amount of visceral adipose tissue as strong predictors. Studies in liver cell spheroids made from human stellate and hepatocyte cells show BMP4 to be anti-senescent, anti-steatotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic, whereas Gremlin 1, which is particularly highly expressed in visceral fat in humans, is pro-senescent and antagonistic to BMP4. Both senescence and anti-senescence factors target the YAP/TAZ pathway, making this a likely regulator of senescence and its effects. We conclude that senescence is an important driver of human NAFLD/NASH and that BMP4 and Gremlin 1 are novel therapeutic targets.
Arm race among closely-related carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clones
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhu Shichao , Wei Li , Feng Yu , Cai Lin , Dunn Steven , McNally Alan , Zong Zhiyong
Published: August 2022

Multiple carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) clones typically co-exist in hospital wards, but often certain clones will dominate. The factors driving this dominance are largely unclear. This study began from a genomic epidemiology analysis and followed by multiple approaches to identify the potential mechanisms driving the successful spread of a dominant clone. 638 patients in a 50-bed ICU were screened. 171 (26.8%) and 21 had CRKP from swabs and clinical specimens, respectively. Many (39.8% of those with ≥7-day ICU stay) acquired CRKP. After removing 18 unable to recover, 174 CRKP isolates were genome sequenced and belonged to six sequence types, with ST11 being the most prevalent (n = 154, 88.5%) and most (n = 169, 97.1%) carrying blaKPC-2. The 154 ST11 isolates belonged to 7 clones, with one (clone 1, KL64 capsular type) being dominant (n = 130, 84.4%). Clone 1 and the second-most common clone (clone 2, KL64, n = 15, 9.7%) emerged simultaneously, which was also detected by genome-based dating. Clone 1 exhibited decreased biofilm formation, shorter environment survival, and attenuated virulence. In murine gut, clone 1 outcompeted clone 2. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant upregulation of the ethanolamine operon in clone 1 when competing with clone 2. Clone 1 exhibited increased utilization of ethanolamine as a nitrogen source. This highlights that reduced virulence and enhanced ability to utilize ethanolamine may promote the success of nosocomial multidrug-resistant clones.
Oxygen vacancy regulated selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes over LDH surface group coordinated transition metal photocatalysts
Authors: Zhang Jin , Gao Mengting , Wang Ruiyi , Li Xincheng , Zhu Pengqi , Wang Yunwei , Zheng Zhanfeng
Published: August 2022

Oxygen vacancies enriched MgAl-LDH coordinated transition metal hydroxides M(OH)x photocatalysts perform excellent in the selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to corresponding alcohols under visible light irradiation.
Independent and combined impact of texture manipulation on oral processing behaviours among faster and slower eaters
Authors: Janani R. , Tan Vicki Wei Kee , Goh Ai Ting , Choy Michelle Jie Ying , Lim Amanda JiaYing , Teo Pey Sze , Stieger Markus , Forde Ciarán G.
Published: August 2022

Food texture combinations have a stronger impact in moderating oral processing behaviours and eating rate (g min−1), than individual texture changes. This effect was the same for faster and slower eaters.
Ellagic acid prevents gut damage via ameliorating microbe-associated intestinal lymphocyte imbalance
Authors: Jin Huimin , Che Siyan , Wu Kunfu , Wu Miaomiao
Published: August 2022

Ellagic acid attenuated gut stress response in piglets by reducing Streptococcus abundance, and modulating intestinal lymphocyte distribution, indicating it has the potential to prevent microbial-mediated immune responses in the gut.
Exchange interactions in the 1T-VSe2 monolayer and their modulation via electron doping using alkali metal adsorption and the electride substrate
Authors: Jiang Jiawei , Li Rui , Mi Wenbo
Published: August 2022

Control of the exchange interactions and the magnetic ground state is achieved in the 1T-VSe2 monolayer via an electron-doping mechanism through alkali metal adsorption and the electride substrate.
Effective pH-regulated release of covalently conjugated antibiotics from antibacterial hydrogels
Authors: Mahapatra Rita Das , Jo Ara , Imani Kusuma Betha Cahaya , Chung Jin-Woong , Yoon Jinhwan
Published: August 2022

pH-regulated release of antibiotics is achieved by conjugation with the hydrogel matrix through the reversible imine bond.
Towards determining molecular structure with ESI-MS backed by computational methods: structures of subnanoclusters of Pd and Cu chlorides, ion dynamics in vacuum, and challenges to the methodology
Authors: Bondarenko Anton A. , Vlasova Yulia S. , Polynski Mikhail V. , Ilyushenkova Valentina V. , Ananikov Valentine P.
Published: August 2022

Determining most stable structures of sub-nanoscale ionic clusters in ESI-MS spectra with quantum chemical modeling.
The remarkable performance of a single iridium atom supported on hematite for methane activation: a density functional theory study
Authors: Yizengaw Kefale Wagaw , Abay Tigist Ayalew , Ayele Delele Worku , Jiang Jyh-Chiang
Published: August 2022

The Fe2O3(110)–OV surface is the best in terms of CH4 adsorption energy and C–H bond elongation. Therfore, the Ir/α-Fe2O3(110)–OV surface could be a candidate catalyst for CH4 dehydrogenation reaction.
Effective dispersion of oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes using a water-soluble N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan via non-covalent interaction
Authors: Gao Jinling , Li Tongtong , Song Mingzhe , Zhao Yuyao , Wang Anxu
Published: August 2022

The stability of a dispersion solution was evidenced by images of oMWCNTs-dispersed by N,O-CMCS before (b) and after (a). UV-vis further showed that individual oMWCNTs were enriched via the non-covalent interaction between oMWCNTs and N,O-CMCS.
Engineering a DNA origami mediated multicolour quantum dot platform for sub-diffraction spectral separation imaging
Authors: Huang Da , Haddad Lucy , Rahman Fahmida , Palma Matteo , Sapelkin Andrei
Published: August 2022

The validation of super-resolution optical imaging techniques requires well-defined reference samples that can be used repeatedly and reliably as model standards.
Selective formation of propan-1-ol from propylene via a chemical looping approach
Authors: Harrison A. R. P. , Marek E. J.
Published: August 2022

A novel chemical looping approach for propan-1-ol production from propylene.
New insights into degradation of Fe–N–C catalyst layers: ionomer decomposition
Authors: Zhou Lu , Li Yunqi , Chen Xiran , Yang Zhi , Yang Shuo , Wang Qian , Liu Xin-Ying , Lu Shanfu
Published: August 2022

A new degradation mechanism of ionomer decomposition in catalyst layers was directly monitored by 19F NMR spectrum analysis.
Optimized functional additive enabled stable cathode and anode interfaces for high-voltage all-solid-state lithium batteries with significantly improved cycling performance
Authors: Li Liansheng , Duan Huanhuan , Zhang Leiting , Deng Yuanfu , Chen Guohua
Published: August 2022

A strategy of using LiBODFP to stabilize the cathode/CSE interface while simultaneously using LiDFOB to stabilize the CSE/Li anode interface is developed to enable high-voltage ASSLBs with ultra-stable cycle performance.
A symmetric direct ammonia fuel cell using ternary NiCuFe alloy embedded in a carbon network as electrodes
Authors: Zhang Mengfei , Zhang Jie , Jeerh Georgina , Zou Peimiao , Sun Boyao , Walker Marc , Xie Kui , Tao Shanwen
Published: August 2022

This is the first report on a symmetric direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC). Recently, due to the high energy density of carbon free fuel ammonia, low-temperature DAFCs have attracted extensive attention and play an important role in ammonia economy.
Fused ring A–DA′D–A (Y-series) non-fullerene acceptors: recent developments and design strategies for organic photovoltaics
Authors: Murugan Pachaiyappan , Hu Ting , Hu Xiaotian , Chen Yiwang
Published: August 2022

The fundamental principles of the molecular design of Y-series NFAs (A–DA′D–A) are described, together with their achievements, comprehension, and impact on the photoelectric characteristics, photovoltaic performance, and film morphology.
Oxygenation therapies for improved wound healing: current trends and technologies
Authors: Garima  , Agarwal Tarun , Costantini Marco , Pal Sampriti , Kumar Arun
Published: August 2022

Oxygenation therapies for wound healing.
Electric field-controlled reversible high-temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in cobaltate–manganite heterostructures
Authors: Ji Huihui , Yan Zhi , Zhou Guowei , Kang Penghua , Li Zhilan , Xu Xiaohong
Published: August 2022

The abnormal high-temperature perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the LSMO layer and electric field-controlled reversible tuning of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in its bilayer have been studied.
Rational design of orange-red iridium(iii) complexes by an isomer engineering strategy for improved performance of white organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Han Yi-Ping , Zhang Jia-Ming , Duan Ying-Chen , Wen Li-Li , Ding Guan-Yu , Shao Kui-Zhan , Shan Guo-Gang , Xie Wen-Fa , Su Zhong-Min
Published: August 2022

Molecular isomeric engineering is employed to construct efficient orange-red Ir(iii) complexes for WOLEDs and understand the intrinsic structure–property relationship.
The future of solution processing toward organic semiconductor devices: a substrate and integration perspective
Authors: Wang Shihao , Peng Ling , Sun Huibin , Huang Wei
Published: August 2022

This review summarizes the solution-processing techniques toward organic semiconductor devices from the perspective of the physical state of the film-forming substrates.
Enabling narrowband cyan photoluminescence and long-lasting ultraviolet-A persistent luminescence in Bi3+ single-doped Sr3Sc2Ge3O12 phosphors by selective site occupation
Authors: Miao Shihai , Liang Yanjie , Chen Dongxun , Yan Shao , Liu Jingwei , Wang Weili , Bi Jianqiang
Published: August 2022

Narrowband cyan photoluminescence and long-lasting UVA persistent luminescence have been successfully achieved in Sr3Sc2Ge3O12:Bi3+ phosphors by selective site occupation.
Hierarchically porous N-doped carbon nanosheets with atomically dispersed Fe/Co dual-metallic sites for efficient and robust oxygen electrocatalysis in Zn–air batteries
Authors: Liu Zheng-Qi , Ma Fei-Xiang , Xiong Yu-Xuan , Zhang Meng-Tian , Du Yue , Zhen Liang , Xu Cheng-Yan
Published: August 2022

Dual-metallic Fe/Co/N co-doped porous carbon nanosheets (Fe/Co–N–C NSs) with hierarchical porous structures and abundant exposed bimetallic Fe/Co–Nxactive sites can be utilized as efficient ORR electrocatalysts.
A DCS-related lncRNA signature predicts the prognosis and chemotherapeutic response of patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Yang , Li Leyan , Tu Yi , Feng Zongfeng , Li Zhengrong , Cao Yi , Li Yong
Published: August 2022

The combination of docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1 (DCS) is a common chemotherapy regimen for patients with gastric cancer (GC). However, studies on long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with the chemotherapeutic response to and prognosis after DCS remain lacking. The aim of the present study was to identify DCS mRNAs-lncRNAs associated with chemotherapy response and prognosis in GC patients. In the present study, we identified 548 lncRNAs associated with these 16 mRNAs in the TCGA and GSE31811 datasets. Eleven lncRNAs were used to construct a prognostic signature by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. A model including the 11 lncRNAs (LINC02532, AC007277.1, AC005324.4, AL512506.1, AC068790.7, AC022509.2, AC113139.1, LINC00106, AC005165.1, MIR100HG, and UBE2R2-AS1) associated with the prognosis of GC was constructed. The signature was validated in the TCGA database, model comparison, and qRT-PCR experiments. The results showed that the risk signature was a more effective prognostic factor for GC patients. Furthermore, the results showed that this model can well predicting chemotherapy drug response and immune infiltration of GC patients. In addition, our experimental results indicated that lower expression levels of LINC00106 and UBE2R2-AS1 predicted worse drug resistance in AGS/DDP cells. The experimental results agreed with the predictions. Furthermore, knockdown of LINC00106 or UBE2R2-AS1 can significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of GC AGS cells in vitro. In conclusion, a novel DCS therapy-related lncRNA signature may become a new strategy to predict chemotherapy response and prognosis in GC patients. LINC00106 and UBE2R2-AS1 may exhibit a tumor suppressive function in GC.
Developmental instability, fluctuating asymmetry, and human psychological science
Authors: Gangestad Steven W.
Published: August 2022

Developmental instability (DI) is an individual's inability to produce a specific developmental outcome under a given set of conditions, generally thought to result from random perturbations experienced during development. Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) — asymmetry on bilateral features that, on average, are symmetrical (or asymmetry deviating from that arising from design) — has been used to measure DI. Dating to half a century ago, and accelerating in the past three decades, psychological researchers have examined associations between FA (typically measured on bodily or facial features) and a host of outcomes of interest, including psychological disorders, cognitive ability, attractiveness, and sexual behavior. A decade ago, a meta-analysis on findings from nearly 100 studies extracted several conclusions. On average, small but statistically reliable associations between FA and traits of interest exist. Though modest, these associations are expected to greatly underestimate the strength of associations with underlying DI. Despite the massive sample size across studies, we still lack a good handle on which traits are most strongly affected by DI. A major methodological implication of the meta-analysis is that most studies have been, individually, woefully underpowered to detect associations. Though offering some intriguing findings, much research is the past decade too has been underpowered; hence, the newer literature is also likely noisy. Several large-scale studies are exceptions. Future progress depends on additional large-scale studies and researchers’ sensitivity to power issues. As well, theoretical assumptions and conceptualizations of DI and FA driving psychological research may need revision to explain empirical patterns.
An ultra‐wideband low‐profile antenna for long‐term evolution/5G new radio sub‐6G applications
Authors: Cui Yuehui , Tu Zhenxing , Li RongLin
Published: August 2022

An ultra‐wideband dual‐polarized antenna with a low profile is proposed for base‐station applications. The dual‐polarized antenna consists of two crossed dipoles, a square patch, and a square meta‐surface. The ultra‐wideband operation is achieved by the coupling between the crossed dipoles and the square patch which creates multiple resonances. The square meta‐surface is introduced atop the antenna to improve the impedance matching. It is shown by simulation and experiment that the dual‐polarized antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth of 76.5% over 2.3 to 5.15 GHz for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)<1.5, covering the frequency bands for long term evolution LTE‐2300/2500 and 5G new radio (NR) sub‐6G n7/n38/n41/ n77/n78/n79 systems. The ultra‐wideband antenna features stable radiation patterns with a gain of 8.5 ± 0.5 dBi and a half‐power beam width (HPBW) of 65° ± 5°.
The impostor revealed: SN 2016jbu was a terminal explosion
Authors: Brennan S. J. , Elias-Rosa N. , Fraser M. , Van Dyk S. D. , Lyman J. D.
Published: August 2022

In this Letter, we present recent observations from theHubbleSpace Telescope of the interacting transient SN 2016jbu at +5 yr. We find no evidence for any additional outburst from SN 2016jbu, and the optical source has now faded significantly below the progenitor magnitudes from early 2016. Similar to recent observations of SN 2009ip and SN 2015bh, SN 2016jbu has not undergone a significant change in colour over the past 2 years, suggesting that there is a lack of ongoing dust formation. We find that SN 2016jbu is fading more slowly than expected of radioactive nickel, but faster than the decay of SN 2009ip. The late-time light curve displays a non-linear decline and follows on from a re-brightening event that occurred ∼8 months after peak brightness, suggesting CSM interaction continues to dominate SN 2016jbu. While our optical observations are plausibly consistent with a surviving, hot, dust-enshrouded star, this would require an implausibly large dust mass. These new observations suggest that SN 2016jbu is a genuine, albeit strange, supernova, and we discuss the plausibility of a surviving binary companion.
Oil content, fatty acid and phytosterol compositions of chia seeds cultivated under organic conditions in France
Authors: Gravé Gwendoline , Mouloungui Zephirin , Cerny Muriel , Lacroux Eric , Valentin Romain , Fabre Jean-François , Merah Othmane
Published: August 2022

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a candidate to be included in European diet due to its seed oil content and composition. Its cultivation in Europe has been assessed in several European countries by introducing genotypes from Latin America. The cultivar Oruro (released by Panam Company, France) was used in this study and cultivated at two locations of southern West of France (Lavaur and Samatan). The aims of this study were to investigate the oil content and composition of chia seeds cultivated in two locations under organic conditions in southern West of France. As expected, location factor affected oil content. Moreover, this factor affected also fatty acid, sterols and tocopherols content and composition. Lavaur presented higher oil content than Samatan. This later location presented higher temperature during grain filling period. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were more represented at Lavaur than at Samatan. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids showed the opposite trends. Sterols and tocopherols were more accumulated in chia seeds at Lavaur. These results showed that all quality traits of chia seed cultivated in France were affected by climatic conditions prevailing in location of cultivation.
Is the linear no-threshold (LNT) model relevant for radiotherapy?
Authors: Cosset J.-M.
Published: August 2022

Initially considered as a kind of radiobiological law, the linear no-threshold (LNT) model, which by definition supports the absence of any threshold for cancer risk induction after irradiation, is nowadays more reasonably described as a pragmatic and prudent approach by the International Organizations. However, it remains today a dogma in radiological protection. Actually, this model had been essentially developed for the radiological protection of a general population against low, and sometimes very low, doses of irradiation. Radiation oncologists are dealing with a totally different situation since they deliver, on purpose, high doses of radiations in more or less limited volumes of the body of cancer patients, patients for whom no other alternatives do exist to get rid of their malignant tumors. Simultaneously, the radiation oncologists inevitably give low and even very low doses at distance from the so-called target volumes. In such a specific situation, what is the carcinogenicity of these low doses and the relevance of the LNT model in radiotherapy? Thus, this paper addresses three critical questions: 1) what is the risk acceptability of the radiation doses delivered by radiotherapy of malignant tumors? 2) what is the real carcinogenic risk of (very) low doses delivered at distance from the target volume? 3) are the clinical radiotherapy data, i.e., the number of second primary cancers, accumulated since more than a century, consistent with the LNT model? In conclusion, the LNT model appears to be poorly adapted to the high doses locally delivered to cancer patients and dramatically overestimates, in most cases, the risk of secondary radio-induced cancers. In fine, the real risk of the LNT model in radiotherapy would be to promote radiophobia in cancer patients and to see some of them turning away from a life-saving treatment.
Curriculum Hannover – webbasierte vs. analoge
Durchführung der psychosomatischen Nachsorge und vs. Care as
usual
Authors: Dahmen Alina , Gao Lingling , Keller Franziska M. , Lehr Dirk , Becker Petra , Lippke Sonia
Published: August 2022

Ziel der Studie Zur Aufrechterhaltung des in der psychosomatischen
Rehabilitationsmaßnahme erzielten Effektes ist eine psychosomatische
Reha-Nachsorge bei den meisten Rehabilitanden indiziert. Aufgrund der geringen
wohnortnahen Versorgung mit Nachsorgetherapeuten ist die Nutzung digitaler
Angebote eine Möglichkeit, um einen ortsunabhängigen Zugang zu
ermöglichen. Ziel der Studie war die Evaluation der therapeutischen
Effekte einer webbasierten Nachsorge im Vergleich zu einer
Face-to-face-(F2F)-Therapie (beides auf konzeptioneller Basis des Curriculum
Hannover) in der Äquivalenzstudie und zu keiner standardisierten
Nachsorge (Care as usual, CAU) in der Überlegenheitsstudie.

Methodik 300 Rehabilitanden mit Indikation zur psychosomatischen Nachsorge
wurden bei Verfügbarkeit eines wohnortnahen Nachsorge-Angebotes der
Äquivalenzstudie zugewiesen und anschließend in F2F- oder
Online-Nachsorge randomisiert. Ohne wohnortnahes Angebot wurden die
Teilnehmenden der Überlegenheitsstudie zugewiesen und in Online- oder
CAU-Gruppe randomisiert. Die Outcomes (primär: psychische und
somatoforme Beschwerden, sekundär: Subskalen des HEALTH-49,
Erwerbstätigkeitsprognose, Arbeitsfähigkeit) wurden durch
Online-Fragebögen am Ende der Reha, 9 bzw. 12 und 15 bzw. 18 Monate nach
der Reha erhoben und durch multiple Imputation mit Intention-To-Treat-Analysen
ausgewertet. Für das primäre Outcome erfolgte zusätzlich
eine Sensitivitätsanalyse auf Basis des vollständigen
Datensatzes.

Ergebnisse Nach Ausschluss nonadhärenter Studienteilnehmer
erfolgte die Auswertung von n=142 Rehabilitanden in der
Äquivalenzstudie und n=111 in der Überlegenheitsstudie.
Es wurden in der Äquivalenzstudie keine signifikanten Unterschiede
(d=0,28 bzw. 0,10 bei ITT-Analysen; d=0,09 bzw. 0,03 bei
Auswertung nur des vollständigen Datensatzes) zwischen Online- und
F2F-Nachsorge in Bezug auf kurz- bzw. langfristige psychische und somatoforme
Beschwerden gefunden. In der Überlegenheitsstudie sanken langfristig
psychische und somatoforme Beschwerden in der Online-Gruppe, während sie
in der CAU-Gruppe zu T2 erst sanken (d=0,56) und zu T3 wieder stiegen
(d=0,72). Dieser Befund wurde durch die Analyse des
vollständigen Datensatzes validiert (d=0,12), während in
der Online-Gruppe die Beschwerden zu T3 anstiegen (d=0,10).

Schlussfolgerung Webbasierte psychosomatische Nachsorge scheint nach den
Ergebnissen der vorliegenden Studie einen längerfristigen Vorteil
für Rehabilitanden ohne Zugang zur bisherigen Nachsorge zu haben. Im
Vergleich zu der F2F-Durchführung kann sie als äquivalent
angesehen werden.