bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On-chip sub-terahertz surface plasmon polariton transmission lines in CMOS
Authors: Liang Yuan , Yu Hao , Zhang Hao Chi , Yang Chang , Cui Tie Jun
Published: October 2015

A low-loss and low-crosstalk surface-wave transmission line (T-line) is demonstrated at sub-THz in CMOS. By introducing periodical sub-wavelength structures onto the metal transmission line, surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) are excited and propagate signals via a strongly localized surface wave. Two coupled SPP T-lines and two quasi-TEM T-lines are both fabricated on-chip, each with a separation distance of 2.4 μm using standard 65 nm CMOS technology. Measurement results show that the SPP T-lines achieve wideband reflection coefficient lower than −14 dB and crosstalk ratio better than −24 dB, which is 19 dB lower on average than the traditional T-lines from 220 GHz to 325 GHz. The demonstrated compact and wideband SPP T-lines have shown great potential for future realization of highly dense on-chip sub-THz communications in CMOS.
Hetero-modification of TRAIL trimer for improved drug delivery and in vivo antitumor activities
Authors: Pan Li-Qiang , Zhao Wen-Bin , Lai Jun , Ding Ding , Wei Xiao-Yue , Li Yang-Yang , Liu Wen-Hui , Yang Xiao-Yue , Xu Ying-Chun , Chen Shu-Qing
Published: October 2015

Poor pharmacokinetics and resistance within some tumor cell lines have been the major obstacles during the preclinical or clinical application of TRAIL (tumor-necrosis-factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand). The half-life of TRAIL114-281 (114 to 281 amino acids) was revealed to be no more than 30 minutes across species. Therefore maleimido activated PEG (polyethylene glycol) and MMAE (Monomethyl Auristatin E) were applied to site-specifically conjugate with the mutated cysteines from different monomers of TRAIL successively, taking advantage of steric effects involved within TRAIL mutant conjugations. As a result, TRAIL trimer was hetero-modified for different purposes. And the resulting PEG-TRAIL-vcMMAE conjugate exhibited dramatically improved half-life (11.54 h), favourable in vivo targeting capability and antitumor activities while no sign of toxicity in xenograft models, suggesting it’s a viable therapeutic and drug delivery strategy.
Highly Efficient CYP167A1 (EpoK) dependent Epothilone B Formation and Production of 7-Ketone Epothilone D as a New Epothilone Derivative
Authors: Kern Fredy , Dier Tobias K. F. , Khatri Yogan , Ewen Kerstin M. , Jacquot Jean-Pierre , Volmer Dietrich A. , Bernhardt Rita
Published: October 2015

Since their discovery in the soil bacterium Sorangium cellulosum, epothilones have emerged as a valuable substance class with promising anti-tumor activity. Because of their benefits in the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, epothilones are targets for drug design and pharmaceutical research. The final step of their biosynthesis – a cytochrome P450 mediated epoxidation of epothilone C/D to A/B by CYP167A1 (EpoK) – needs significant improvement, in particular regarding the efficiency of its redox partners. Therefore, we have investigated the ability of various hetero- and homologous redox partners to transfer electrons to EpoK. Hereby, a new hybrid system was established with conversion rates eleven times higher and Vmax of more than seven orders of magnitudes higher as compared with the previously described spinach redox chain. This hybrid system is the most efficient redox chain for EpoK described to date. Furthermore, P450s from So ce56 were identified which are able to convert epothilone D to 14-OH, 21-OH, 26-OH epothilone D and 7-ketone epothilone D. The latter one represents a novel epothilone derivative and is a suitable candidate for pharmacological tests. The results revealed myxobacterial P450s from S. cellulosum So ce56 as promising candidates for protein engineering for biotechnological production of epothilone derivatives.
Oxygen Defect-Induced Metastability in Oxide Semiconductors Probed by Gate Pulse Spectroscopy
Authors: Lee Sungsik , Nathan Arokia , Jeon Sanghun , Robertson John
Published: October 2015

We investigate instability mechanisms in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O transistors based on bias and illumination stress-recovery experiments coupled with analysis using stretched exponentials and inverse Laplace transform to retrieve the distribution of activation energies associated with metastable oxygen defects. Results show that the recovery process after illumination stress is persistently slow by virtue of defect states with a broad range, 0.85 eV to 1.38 eV, suggesting the presence of ionized oxygen vacancies and interstitials. We also rule out charge trapping/detrapping events since this requires a much smaller activation energy ~0.53 eV and which tends to be much quicker. These arguments are supported by measurements using a novel gate-pulse spectroscopy probing technique that reveals the post-stress ionized oxygen defect profile, including anti-bonding states within the conduction band.
The antiviral drug ganciclovir does not inhibit microglial proliferation and activation
Authors: Skripuletz Thomas , Salinas Tejedor Laura , Prajeeth Chittappen K. , Hansmann Florian , Chhatbar Chintan , Kucman Valeria , Zhang Ning , Raddatz Barbara B. , Detje Claudia N. , Sühs Kurt-Wolfram , Pul Refik , Gudi Viktoria , Kalinke Ulrich , Baumgärtner Wolfgang , Stangel Martin
Published: October 2015

Ganciclovir is effective in the treatment of human infections with viruses of the Herpesviridae family. Beside antiviral properties, recently ganciclovir was described to inhibit microglial proliferation and disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an inflammatory model of multiple sclerosis. Microglial activation and proliferation are main characteristics of neuroinflammatory CNS diseases and inhibition of microglial functions might be beneficial in autoimmune diseases, or detrimental in infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to determine potential inhibitory effects of ganciclovir in three different murine animal models of CNS neuroinflammation in which microglia play an important role: Theiler´s murine encephalomyelitis, the cuprizone model of de- and remyelination and the vesicular stomatitis virus encephalitis model. In addition, in vitro experiments with microglial cultures were performed to test the hypothesis that ganciclovir inhibits microglial proliferation. In all three animal models, neither microglial proliferation or recruitment nor disease activity was changed by ganciclovir. In vitro experiments confirmed that microglial proliferation was not affected by ganciclovir. In conclusion, our results show that the antiviral drug ganciclovir does not inhibit microglial activation and proliferation in the murine CNS.
Highly informative marker sets consisting of genes with low individual degree of differential expression
Authors: Galatenko V. V. , Shkurnikov M. Yu. , Samatov T. R. , Galatenko A. V. , Mityakina I. A. , Kaprin A. D. , Schumacher U. , Tonevitsky A. G.
Published: October 2015

Genes with significant differential expression are traditionally used to reveal the genetic background underlying phenotypic differences between cancer cells. We hypothesized that informative marker sets can be obtained by combining genes with a relatively low degree of individual differential expression. We developed a method for construction of highly informative gene combinations aimed at the maximization of the cumulative informative power and identified sets of 2–5 genes efficiently predicting recurrence for ER-positive breast cancer patients. The gene combinations constructed on the basis of microarray data were successfully applied to data acquired by RNA-seq. The developed method provides the basis for the generation of highly efficient prognostic and predictive gene signatures for cancer and other diseases. The identified gene sets can potentially reveal novel essential segments of gene interaction networks and pathways implied in cancer progression.
Epigenetic changes and alternate promoter usage by human colon cancers for expressing DCLK1-isoforms: Clinical Implications
Authors: O’Connell Malaney R. , Sarkar Shubhashish , Luthra Gurinder K. , Okugawa Yoshinaga , Toiyama Yuji , Gajjar Aakash H. , Qiu Suimin , Goel Ajay , Singh Pomila
Published: October 2015

DCLK1 specifically marks colon/pancreatic cancers in mice and is expressed by human colon adenocarcinomas (hCRCs). Down-regulation of DCLK1 results in loss of cancer-stem-cells (CSCs) and inhibits spheroidal/xenograft growths from hCRC-cells. The 5′-promoter of DCLK1-gene is reportedly hypermethylated in hCRCs, resulting in loss of expression of DCLK1-transcripts, originating from 5′(α)-promoter (termed DCLK1-L, in here). However, in mouse colon-tumors, 5′-promoter of DCLK1-gene remains unchanged and DCLK1-L, originating from 5′(α)-promoter, is expressed. We hypothesized that elevated levels of DCLK1-protein in hCRC-cells, may be transcribed/translated from an alternate-promoter. Several in silico and molecular biology approaches were used to test our hypothesis. We report for the first time that majority of hCRCs express short-transcripts of DCLK1 (termed DCLK1-S, in here) from an alternate β-promoter in IntronV of the gene, while normal-colons mainly express DCLK1-L from 5′(α)-promoter. We additionally report an important role of β-catenin and TCF4/LEF binding-sites for activating (α)-promoter, while activated NF-κBp65 (bound to NF-κB-cis-element), activates (β)-promoter in cancer-cells. DCLK1-S expression was examined in a cohort of 92 CRC patients; high-expressors had significantly worse overall-survival compared to low-expressors. Our novel findings’ regarding usage of alternate (β)-promoter by hCRCs, suggests that DCLK1-S may represent an important target for preventing/inhibiting colon-cancers and for eliminating colon-CSCs.
Peak alignment of one-dimensional NMR spectra by means of an intensity fluctuation frequency difference (IFFD) segment-wise algorithm
Authors: Wang K. , Barding G. A. , Larive C. K.
Published: October 2015

The IFFD algorithm is a highly efficient method designed to reduce variability in peak positions across the multiple NMR spectra.
Optimization of selective pressurized liquid extraction and ultrasonication-assisted QuEChERS methods for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments
Authors: Song Shanjun , Dai Xinhua , Wang Weihua , He Yajuan , Liu Zhao , Shao Mingwu
Published: October 2015

SPLE and ultrasonication-assisted QuEChERS were optimized for the analysis of PBDEs in sediments. Both methods were validated by SRMs with good accuracy and precision. Real samples were also analyzed and the results showed both methods practicable for PBDEs determination.
π-Electron rich small molecule sensors for the recognition of nitroaromatics
Authors: Shanmugaraju Sankarasekaran , Mukherjee Partha Sarathi
Published: October 2015

In this review article we provide an overview of the recent developments made in small molecule-based turn-off fluorescent sensors for nitroaromatic explosives with special focus on organic and H-bonded supramolecular sensors.
Cation–π interactions: computational analyses of the aromatic box motif and the fluorination strategy for experimental evaluation
Authors: Davis Matthew R. , Dougherty Dennis A.
Published: October 2015

Cation–π interactions are common in biological systems, and many structural studies have revealed the aromatic box as a common motif.
Remarkable enhancement in the Kapitza resistance and electron potential barrier of chemically modified In2O3(ZnO)9 natural superlattice interfaces
Authors: Liang Xin
Published: October 2015

Modification of the In2O3(ZnO)9 superlattices with aluminum alters the Kapitza resistance and electron potential barrier of the interfaces, leading to significant reduction in thermal conductivity and considerable enhancement of Seebeck coefficient.
Role of the FeOxsupport in constructing high-performance Pt/FeOxcatalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation
Authors: Zheng Bin , Liu Gang , Geng Longlong , Cui Junyan , Wu Shujie , Wu Ping , Jia Mingjun , Yan Wenfu , Zhang Wenxiang
Published: October 2015

The FeOxsupport not only affects the oxidation state of Pt nanoparticles, but also provides active sites in the catalytic process.
Influence of a porous MOF support on the catalytic performance of Eu-polyoxometalate based materials: desulfurization of a model diesel
Authors: Granadeiro Carlos M. , Nogueira Lucie S. , Julião Diana , Mirante Fátima , Ananias Duarte , Balula Salete S. , Cunha-Silva Luís
Published: October 2015

An aluminum 2-aminoterephthalate based metal–organic framework material was used to prepare highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts in desulfurization processes.
NHPI and ferric nitrate: a mild and selective system for aerobic oxidation of benzylic methylenes
Authors: Miao Chengxia , Zhao Hanqing , Zhao Quanyi , Xia Chungu , Sun Wei
Published: October 2015

An NHPI and ferric nitrate system was developed for efficient oxidation of benzylic methylenes with 1 atm of oxygen at 25 °C, providing up to 97% yield.
Hydrogenation of CO2 to formic acid with iridiumIII(bisMETAMORPhos)(hydride): the role of a dormant fac-IrIII(trihydride) and an active trans-IrIII(dihydride) species
Authors: Oldenhof S. , van der Vlugt J. I. , Reek J. N. H.
Published: October 2015

Catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to formate with an IrIII(METAMORPhos) complex in the presence of DBU requires a trans-dihydride for catalytic turnover, with an off-cycle trihydride as the dormant species.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial behavior of water-soluble carbosilane dendrons containing ferrocene at the focal point
Authors: Lozano-Cruz Tania , Ortega Paula , Batanero Belen , Copa-Patiño Jose Luis , Soliveri Juan , de la Mata Fco. Javier , Gómez Rafael
Published: October 2015

Novel water-soluble ammonium-terminated carbosilane dendrons containing a ferrocene unit at the focal point were synthesized and evaluate them as a new class of potential organometallic-based antibacterial compounds.
The mechanism of lowering cholesterol absorption by calcium studied by using an in vitro digestion model
Authors: Vinarova Liliya , Vinarov Zahari , Tcholakova Slavka , Denkov Nikolai D. , Stoyanov Simeon , Lips Alex
Published: October 2015

Ca2+decreases strongly cholesterol and saturated fatty acid bioaccessibility duringin vitrolipid digestion, explaining the lowering of serum cholesterolin vivo.
Hydroxyl ammonium ionic liquids as media for biocatalytic oxidations
Authors: Papadopoulou Athena A. , Tzani Andromachi , Alivertis Dimitrios , Katsoura Maria H. , Polydera Angeliki C. , Detsi Anastasia , Stamatis Haralambos
Published: October 2015

Hydroxyl ammonium ionic liquids are a biodegradable, non-toxic family of third generation ionic liquids with a beneficial effect on the catalytic efficiency of metalloproteins such as cytochrome c.
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition involves triacylglycerol accumulation in DU145 prostate cancer cells
Authors: Dalmau Núria , Jaumot Joaquim , Tauler Romà , Bedia Carmen
Published: October 2015

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process that plays a crucial role in cancer metastasis.
Novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole motifs bearing a quinoline nucleus: synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of their antimicrobial, antitubercular, antimalarial and cytotoxic activities
Authors: Ladani Gaurav G. , Patel Manish P.
Published: October 2015

Quinoline–oxadiazole hybrids: a new class of antimicrobial, antitubercular and antimalarial compounds.
Rational fabrication of a gold-coated AFM TERS tip by pulsed electrodeposition
Authors: Yang Li-Kun , Huang Teng-Xiang , Zeng Zhi-Cong , Li Mao-Hua , Wang Xiang , Yang Fang-Zu , Ren Bin
Published: October 2015

A novel approach based on pulsed electrodeposition has been developed for fabricating gold-coated AFM TERS tips with high reproducibility.
Packaged triboelectric nanogenerator with high endurability for severe environments
Authors: Gu Long , Cui Nuanyang , Liu Jinmei , Zheng Youbin , Bai Suo , Qin Yong
Published: October 2015

We developed a kind of packaged triboelectric nanogenerator that can effectively harvest the noise energy in dusty and humid environments and even directly light 24 LEDs in rainy conditions.
Domino synthesis of functionalized 1,6-naphthyridines and their in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant efficacies
Authors: Lavanya Mallu , Thirumalai Dhakshanamurthy , Asharani Indira Viswambaran , Aravindan P. Gopal
Published: October 2015

One-pot and multicomponent reaction of ketones with malononitrile and pyrrolidine in ethanol affords 1,6-naphthyridines.
Genetically encoded fluorescence screening probe for MgrA, a global regulator in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Wang Yujie , Zhang Hong , Zhang Qingzhou , Liang Yujie , Ma Lin , Tan Hongsheng , Lao Yuanzhi , Xu Hongxi , Li Zigang
Published: October 2015

Herein, a novel cell-based fluorescent response screening system for MgrA inhibitor selection was constructed. And this screening platform was applied for Chinese herb extracts screening with two extracts identified from 351 Chinese herb extracts.
Transition metal complex redox shuttles for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Pashaei Babak , Shahroosvand Hahsem , Abbasi Parisa
Published: October 2015

This review provides an in-depth investigation into exciting alternative electrolyte shuttles in DSSCs and the various advantages that they provide, such as high conversion efficiency and non-corrosive properties.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of monoclinic–tetragonal BiVO4 heterojunctions with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline
Authors: Yan Ming , Yan Yan , Wu Yilin , Shi Weidong , Hua Yinqun
Published: October 2015

In this study, BiVO4 photocatalysts of different crystalline phases (monoclinic scheelite (M-phase), tetragonal zircon (T-phase) and monoclinic–tetragonal heterojunction (M–T)) have been successfully synthesized via a facile microwave-assisted method.
The effect of microstructure and surface decoration with K2NiF4-type oxide upon the oxygen permeability of perovskite-type La0.7Sr0.3FeO3−δhollow fiber membranes
Authors: Han Ning , Zhang Shuguang , Meng Bo , Tan Xiaoyao
Published: October 2015

Dense La0.7Sr0.3FeO3−δ(LSF) hollow fiber membranes with two kinds of microstructures (LSF-a and LSF-b) were prepared by the phase inversion/sintering method, and the outside surfaces were modified with K2NiF4-type oxide in discontinuous method.
Mild water-promoted ruthenium nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of cis-rich pinane
Authors: Hou Shengli , Xie Congxia , Zhong Hua , Yu Shitao
Published: October 2015

Ru nanoparticles were prepared using P123 micelles in water as a stabilizing agent. Microreactors were formed in the hydrogenation reaction system.
Robust, antibacterial, and fluorescent hybrid films mimicking nacre
Authors: Hao Wentao , Wang Xiaomin , Ding Songyan , Cao Yanyan , Zhang Hongbin , Yang Wen
Published: October 2015

The preparation of multifunctional nacre-like hybrid films is reported in this article.
The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of high aspect-ratio SiC nanofibers/epoxy composites
Authors: Zhang Yi , Wang Zhou , Zhang Boliang , Zhao Guang-Lin , Guo S. M.
Published: October 2015

Silicon carbide nano-fibers with high aspect ratio improve the EMI shielding effectiveness of epoxy at low concentration.
Revisited water radiolysis at elevated pH by accounting O3˙− kinetics at low and high LET
Authors: El Omar A. K. , Baldacchino G. , Monnet I. , Bouniol P.
Published: October 2015

Recordings of O3˙− formation and decays under low and high LET radiations and at pH 13.2 allowed revisiting the rate constants of its reactions with O2˙− and HO2−.
Effect of graphene modified by a long alkyl chain ionic liquid on crystallization kinetics behavior of poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Authors: Hu Yadong , Xu Pei , Gui Haoguan , Yang Shanzhong , Ding Yunsheng
Published: October 2015

To investigate the effects of graphene (Gra) modified by 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (IL) on the crystallization kinetics behaviour of PVDF, a series of PVDF/IL blend, PVDF/Gra and PVDF/IL/Gra nanocomposites were prepared.
Dual T1/T2 MRI contrast agent based on hybrid SPION@coordination polymer nanoparticles
Authors: Borges M. , Yu S. , Laromaine A. , Roig A. , Suárez-García S. , Lorenzo J. , Ruiz-Molina D. , Novio F.
Published: October 2015

A novel dual T1/T21H-MRI contrast agent based on the encapsulation of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with an iron coordination polymer is proposed.
The role of SBA-15 in drug delivery
Authors: Fathi Vavsari Vaezeh , Mohammadi Ziarani Ghodsi , Badiei Alireza
Published: October 2015

In this review, preparation, characterization and application of various types of SBA-15 as drug delivery agents is investigated.
Overview of the effect of monomers and green solvents on thermoresponsive copolymers: phase transition temperature and surface properties
Authors: Reddy P. Madhusudhana , Chang Chi-Jung , Hsieh Shih-Rong , Huang Hsin-Chun , Lee Ming-Ching
Published: October 2015

The thermoresponsive and surface properties of PNIPAM based copolymers were investigated in response to green solvents, ionic liquids.
Acrylamide modified poly(vinyl alcohol): crystalline and enhanced water solubility
Authors: Jiang Long , Yang Tonglu , Peng Leilei , Dan Yi
Published: October 2015

A robust modification method for producing highly alcoholysized poly(vinyl alcohol) with good water solubility, enables tuning of the crystalline.
Tuning thermal conductivity of crystalline polymer nanofibers by interchain hydrogen bonding
Authors: Zhang Lin , Ruesch Morgan , Zhang Xiaoliang , Bai Zhitong , Liu Ling
Published: October 2015

Interchain hydrogen bonds enhance thermal conduction in crystalline polymer nanofibers by confining torsional motion of polymer chains and by increasing the group velocity of phonons.
A comprehensive review on the molecular dynamics simulation of the novel thermal properties of graphene
Authors: Zhang Jingchao , Xu Fei , Hong Yang , Xiong Qingang , Pan Jianming
Published: October 2015

This review summarizes state-of-the-art progress in the molecular dynamics simulation of the novel thermal properties of graphene.
Synthesis of methylal from methanol and formaldehyde catalyzed by Brønsted acid ionic liquids with different alkyl groups
Authors: Sun Jiahan , Li Hansheng , Song Haoran , Wu Qin , Zhao Yun , Jiao Qingze
Published: October 2015

The carbon chain length of ILs has an effect on its catalytic activity. The ionic liquid of [C6ImBS][HSO4] shows the best catalytic performance which is near that of concentrated sulfuric acid and p-toluene sulfonic acid.
Effect of sol stabilizer on the structure and electronic properties of solution-processed ZnO thin films
Authors: Adl Ahmad Hossein , Kar Piyush , Farsinezhad Samira , Sharma Himani , Shankar Karthik
Published: October 2015

The type of sol-stabilizer profoundly influences the crystallographic orientation and optoelectronic properties of sol gel ZnO thin films.
Genipin cross-linked PEG-block-poly(l-lysine)/disulfide-based polymer complex micelles as fluorescent probes and pH-/redox-responsive drug vehicles
Authors: Liu Ssu-Ting , Tuan-Mu Ho-Yi , Hu Jin-Jia , Jan Jeng-Shiung
Published: October 2015

A simple and facile method to prepare multifunctional, cross-linked PIC micelles by properly design of constituent homopolymer/copolymer.
Ferucarbotran, a carboxydextran-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle, induces endosomal recycling, contributing to cellular and exosomal EGFR overexpression for cancer therapy
Authors: Chung Tsai-Hua , Hsiao Jong-Kai , Yao Ming , Hsu Szu-Chun , Liu Hon-Man , Huang Dong-Ming
Published: October 2015

In ferucarbotran-labeled hMSCs, the internalized EGFRs are mostly redirected from late endosomes/lysosomes to recycling endosomes, which protects the lysosomal degradation of EGFR and results in cellular (membranous) and exosomal EGFR overexpression.
Synthesis of diethylcarbonate by ethanolysis of urea catalysed by heterogeneous mixed oxides
Authors: Angelini A. , Dibenedetto A. , Curulla-Ferré D. , Aresta M.
Published: October 2015

New Zn- and Ca-based mixed oxides have been tested in the ethanolysis of urea.
Substituted furopyridinediones as novel inhibitors of α-glucosidase
Authors: Bathula Chandramohan , Mamidala Rajinikanth , Thulluri Chiranjeevi , Agarwal Rahul , Jha Kunal Kumar , Munshi Parthapratim , Adepally Uma , Singh Ashutosh , Chary M. Thirumala , Sen Subhabrata
Published: October 2015

A bioisosteric scaffold hopping strategy towards new inhibitors of α-glucosidase.
Synthesis, structure and magnetic characterization of dinuclear copper(ii) complexes bridged by bicompartmental phenolate
Authors: Massoud Salah S. , Junk Thomas , Louka Febee R. , Herchel Radovan , Trávníček Zdeněk , Fischer Roland C. , Mautner Franz A.
Published: October 2015

Two series of bridged-phenoxido dinuclear Cu(ii) complexes were structurally and magnetically characterized: [Cu2(μ-LCl-O)(μ-X)](ClO4)2 (X = OH−, C3H3N2−, O2P(OC6H5)2−) and [Cu2(μ-LR-O)(X)2]PF6·2CH3CN (R = Cl, CH3 and X = dca) complexes.
Vitrimers: permanent organic networks with glass-like fluidity
Authors: Denissen Wim , Winne Johan M. , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: October 2015

Vitrimers possess the unique property that they are malleable while being permanently cross-linked. This mini-review highlights the existing vitrimer systems in the period 2011–2015 with the main focus on their chemical origin.
Observation of electrochemically generated nitrenium ions by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Brown Timothy A. , Hosseini-Nassab Niloufar , Chen Hao , Zare Richard N.
Published: October 2015

Electrochemically generated nitrenium ions from amines can be detected mass spectrometrically using desorption electrospray ionization on a rotating conducting wheel covered with an electrolyte film.
The effect of order–disorder phase transitions and band gap evolution on the thermoelectric properties of AgCuS nanocrystals
Authors: Guin Satya N. , Sanyal Dirtha , Biswas Kanishka
Published: October 2015

The present study demonstrates an ambient solution phase capping free synthesis of superionic AgCuS nanocrystals. Nanoscale size reduction, order–disorder phase transition and band gap evolution tailor the thermoelectric properties in AgCuS.
2-(Anthracenyl)-4,5-bis(2,5-dimethyl(3-thienyl))-1H-imidazole: regulatable stacking structures, reversible grinding- and heating-induced emission switching, and solid-state photodimerization behavior
Authors: Chen Jun-Feng , Gong Dan-Ping , Wen Jing , Ma Haibo , Cao Deng-Ke
Published: October 2015

The molecular assembly of anbdtiH leads to three distinct solid-state structures: anbdtiH·CH3Cl (1), anbdtiH·2CH3OH (2) and anbdtiH2·CF3COO·CH3OH·H2O (3), which have orange-red, blue and green emissions, respectively.
Guest-dependent directional complexation based on triptycene derived oxacalixarene: formation of oriented rotaxanes
Authors: Wang Han-Xiao , Meng Zheng , Xiang Jun-Feng , Xia Yu-Xiang , Sun Yihua , Hu Shu-Zhen , Chen Hui , Yao Jiannian , Chen Chuan-Feng
Published: October 2015

Structural changes in the guest cause inversion of the dominant threading direction in triptycene derived oxacalixarene with different semi-cavities.
Synergetic enhancement of photocatalytic activity with a photonic crystal film as a catalyst support
Authors: Pang Fei , Jiang Yitong , Zhang Yuqi , He Mingyuan , Ge Jianping
Published: October 2015

A photonic crystal can be used as a support for photocatalysts, which synergistically enhance the photocatalytic activity due to extra light harvesting.
Chitosan-decorated calcium hydroxide microcapsules with pH-triggered release for endodontic applications
Authors: Li Xiaoman , Han Bing , Wang Xiaoyan , Gao Xuejun , Liang Fuxin , Qu Xiaozhong , Yang Zhenzhong
Published: October 2015

The treatment of apical periodontitis (AP) remains challenging because traditional root canal therapy (RCT) outcomes are limited by the complexity of the root canal system, drug toxicity, and host immune factors.
A conductive stretchable PEDOT–elastomer hybrid with versatile processing and properties
Authors: Lamont Callum A. , Winther-Jensen Orawan , Winther-Jensen Bjorn
Published: October 2015

Generation of a hybrid PEDOT-elastomer material which retains conductivity upon stretching and is suitable for laser patterning techniques.
A strategy for enhancing the sensitivity of optical thermometers in β-NaLuF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanocrystals
Authors: Zheng Kezhi , He Guanghui , Song Weiye , Bi Xueqing , Qin Weiping
Published: October 2015

A strategy for enhancing the sensitivity of optical thermometers is developed herein by using non-thermally coupled levels of Er3+.
Electronic and optical properties of Er-doped Y2O2S phosphors
Authors: Pokhrel M. , Kumar G. A. , Ma C.-G. , Brik M. G. , Langloss Brian W. , Stanton Ian N. , Therien Michael J. , Sardar D. K. , Mao Yuanbing
Published: October 2015

Green light emitted from Y2O2S:1%Er phosphors after excited with NIR, UV and X-ray sources with emissions spectra under UV and NIR excitations (lower right) and X-ray excitation at different X-ray tube voltages (lower left).
Broadband low‐cost waveguide windows for millimetre‐wave components
Authors: Fang Yong , Zeng Baoqing , Yu Lei , Gao Peng , Zhang Hai , Wei Xubo
Published: October 2015

A broadband low‐cost waveguide window for millimetre‐wave component sealing is proposed. The waveguide window includes two RT/Duroid5880 substrates and a quarter‐wavelength waveguide. The back‐to‐back waveguide sealed windows are designed and tested. From 75 to 100 GHz, the return loss is higher than 15 dB, insertion loss is lower than 0.7 dB, and the leakage rate is <8 × 10−8 Pa. m3/s.
High‐resolution synthetic aperture radar based on the IEEE 802.11 protocol
Authors: Shi Jun , Liu Yang , Liu Wei , Zhang Xiaoling
Published: October 2015

This is a feasibility study for developing low‐cost synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems based on the IEEE 802.11ac protocol. The baseband module of IEEE 802.11ac is found to be similar to SAR, and its frequency coverage is wide enough to meet the requirement of high‐resolution SAR imaging. By using the subbands merging technique, the spatial resolution can reach 0.5 m × 0.5 m.
Multi‐source and multi‐relay cooperative system based on compressed sensing
Authors: Fu Xiaomei , Cui Yangran
Published: October 2015

In this Letter, the compressed sensing is introduced into multi‐source and multi‐relay cooperative system. The compressed process is executed by the linear combination in the air of the transmitted signal. The cooperative compressed sensing and amplify‐and‐forward (CCS‐AF) scheme is investigated. It is firstly proved that CCS‐AF transmission matrix can be regarded as the measurement matrix. The channel capacity is improved greatly by cooperative compression. The numerical results validate the effectiveness of the model and the scheme.
Single image‐based 3D scene estimation from semantic prior
Authors: Hwang Hyeong Jae , Yoon Sang Min
Published: October 2015

Reconstructing a three‐dimensional (3D) structure from a single image sequence to provide relevant contextual information for better human visual perception is a fundamental problem in computer vision. A 3D scene estimation methodology from a segmented image sequence that is learned from semantic priors is proposed. In particular, semantic information including 3D geometric characteristics can very efficiently predict the 3D structure of the scene from a given semantic region. The approach, which utilises semantic priors to estimate a 3D scene, is very robust for direct 3D scene reconstruction from an ambiguous depth map. The efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach has been proven experimentally with a large database.
Differential‐fed UWB patch antenna with triple band‐notched characteristics
Authors: Tang Zhaoyang , Lian Ruina , Yin Yingzeng
Published: October 2015

A differential‐fed ultra‐wideband patch antenna with triple band‐notched characteristics is proposed. The antenna consists of an octagonal slot ground and two quasi‐square radiating patches. By employing split‐ring resonators (SRRs) etched on the radiating patch and complementary SRRs etched on the ground plane, triple‐notched bands are obtained to filter the 3.5 GHz WiMAX, 5.5 GHz WLAN and 8 GHz ITU bands. The measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth is from 2.55 to 10.86 GHz, along with triple‐notched bands of 3.21–3.86, 4.93–6.13 and 7.87–8.89 GHz. In addition, the proposed antenna achieves relatively low cross‐polarisation and stable gain. Good agreement is achieved between the simulated and the measured results.
Position linearisation scheme for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive of washing machine using low‐resolution hall sensors
Authors: Lee D.M. , Lim D.C. , Ahn H.J.
Published: October 2015

Variable speed systems have been widely applied to home appliances. One of the applications is vector control scheme of a washing machine using low‐resolution hall sensors. Vector controller with binary‐type hall sensors is cost effective. However, due to electrical and mechanical non‐uniformity related to hall sensors, the position obtained by hall sensors does not change linearly, and resultant bumps in the position information degrade control performance. To solve this problem, a new position observer that generates linearly changing position signal is proposed. The proposed scheme removes necessity of knowing mechanical parameters and additional calculation process by utilising a Kalman filter for speed detection. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are verified through experimental results carried out with a washing machine.
Flexible low‐cost cardiovascular risk marker biosensor for point‐of‐care applications
Authors: Sivashankar S. , Sapsanis C. , Buttner U. , Salama K.N.
Published: October 2015

The detection and quantification of protein on a laser written flexible substrate for point‐of‐care applications are described. A unique way of etching gold on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate is demonstrated by reducing the damage that may be caused on PET sheets otherwise. On the basis of the quantity of the C‐reactive protein (CRP) present in the sample, the risk of cardiac disease can be assessed. This hsCRP test is incorporated to detect the presence of CRP on a PET laser patterned biosensor. Concentrations of 1, 2, and 10 mg/l were chosen to assess the risk of cardiac diseases as per the limits set by the American Heart Association.
Enhancing cell‐edge performance using multi‐layer soft frequency reuse scheme
Authors: Hossain M.S. , Tariq F. , Safdar G.A.
Published: October 2015

In cellular systems, maintaining data rate at the cell edge has been a challenging task due to strong co‐channel interference from neighbouring cells. Several techniques have been proposed to tackle the issue, among which soft frequency reuse (SFR) is the most widely used. A novel multi‐layer SFR scheme combined with cell sectoring is proposed to improve the performance in cell‐edge region. Then, a spectrum allocation scheme in a three‐cell reuse system is designed to ensure the maximisation of the efficiency. A generic expression for power allocation in different regions along with the signal‐to‐noise ratio of multi‐layer SFR in sectored cell is derived. Finally, system‐level simulation has been carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed resource allocation scheme. It is shown that the spectral efficiency at cell‐edge area improves by ∼10% which is significant for the cell‐edge region.
60 GHz radio link characteristic studies in hallway environment using antipodal linear tapered slot antenna
Authors: Shrivastava Purva , Thipparaju Rama Rao
Published: October 2015

Millimetre‐wave (MmW) frequencies offer large bandwidth with which gigabit data rates can be easily achieved with simple radio architectures. At MmW frequencies, the short wavelength enables integration of the antenna on the same chip as the microwave monolithic integrated circuits. This research work emphasises on the design and development of antipodal linear tapered slot antenna (ALTSA) using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technique and its radio link characteristics at 60 GHz for wireless local area network and wireless personal area network applications. SIW feeding technique is used to eliminate the unwanted radiations from feed. The proposed antenna is designed and simulated using three‐dimensional (3D) electromagnetic tools. Radio propagation is profoundly site specific and depends on frequency of operation, interference from surroundings and other dynamic factors. To predict signal strength, delay and achievable data rates, it is important to characterise the radio channel. The radio link study is carried out using ALTSA with radio frequency measurement equipment to measure and characterise propagation channels in narrow hallway environment at 60 GHz.
Low profile and wideband planar inverted‐F antenna with polarisation and pattern diversities
Authors: Al Ja'afreh Saqer , Huang Yi , Xing Lei
Published: October 2015

A low profile (height = 3 mm) and wideband dual coplanar feed planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) is proposed for diversity applications over the frequency range of 2.35–3.25 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 32%. It covers LTE bands 7, 38, 40, 41 and WiFi frequency bands. The design is based on a comparative study on the mutual coupling between different feed arrangements such as the parallel feed, coplanar feed and orthogonal feed. The results show that the coplanar feed arrangement exhibits a lower mutual coupling level. As a result, the coplanar feed is employed in the proposed antenna and the polarisation diversity is achieved by exciting two orthogonal radiation modes; the antenna fed by Feed 1 uses open ground plane slot in the horizontal plane, while the antenna fed by Feed 2 is linked to PIFA. The modified top plate provides a self‐matching circuit for Feed 2. The isolation between the feeds is achieved by an L‐shaped ground plane slot. Both simulated and measured results are obtained, and the results demonstrate that the proposed antenna is a very good candidate for mobile diversity and multiple‐input and multiple‐output applications.
Centralised cum sub‐centralised scheme for multi‐event coverage and optimum camera activation in wireless multimedia sensor networks
Authors: Priyadarshini Sushree Bibhuprada B. , Panigrahi Suvasini
Published: October 2015

The major challenge in sensor networks is how to have a perfect coverage of the region to be monitored. This study reports a novel algorithm inspired by centralised cum sub‐centralised scheme that works efficiently for handling multiple events that occur simultaneously, while reducing the number of unnecessarily activated cameras so as to cover the occurring event region effectively. When any event takes place, the sensing of event occurs up to certain extent outside the exact event boundary. Hence, the cameras present beyond the boundary of event are activated unnecessarily. Since the proposed methodology avoids undesirable activation of cameras, the additional energy and power expenditure due to those cameras as well as the redundant data transmission prevailing due to them are eliminated. Results obtained from experimental evaluation reveal that the proposed methodology significantly reduces the number of unnecessarily activated cameras while providing the adequate coverage of event region for multi‐event occurrence. Further more, the reduced camera actuation with increased coverage ratio, minimised redundancy ratio, improved field of view utilisation, less energy as well as power expenditure required for camera activation obtained from the investigation justifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm as compared with two other approaches recently proposed in the literature.
Non‐linear modelling and stability analysis of resonant DC–DC converters
Authors: Mandal Kuntal , El Aroudi Abdelali , Abusorrah Abdullah , Al‐Hindawi M. , Al‐Turki Yusuf , Giaouris Damian , Banerjee Soumitro
Published: October 2015

Resonant dc–dc converters have found increasing application in industry in recent times. Yet, the methods of dynamical analysis and parameter design for this kind of system are not well developed. The averaging method cannot be used in such converters as the small‐ripple assumption does not hold. The sampled‐data model, which seeks to obtain a closed form expression of the state at a clock instant in terms of that at the previous clock instant, also becomes unwieldy for converters with many topological modes – a condition prevailing in all resonant converters. In this study the authors show that the Filippov method can be effectively applied for accurate s‐domain small signal analysis as well as time domain stability analysis by locating the stability boundaries in the paramater space for such systems. The authors apply this method to three classes of resonant converters – the switch resonant converter, the resonant transition converter and the load resonant converter – and present the mechanisms by which these converters may lose stability as the parameters are varied. The theoretical results corresponding to the resonant transition converter are validated experimentally.
Retrieving relevant time‐course experiments: a study on Arabidopsis microarrays
Authors: Şener Duygu Dede , Oğul Hasan
Published: October 2015

Understanding time‐course regulation of genes in response to a stimulus is a major concern in current systems biology. The problem is usually approached by computational methods to model the gene behaviour or its networked interactions with the others by a set of latent parameters. The model parameters can be estimated through a meta‐analysis of available data obtained from other relevant experiments. The key question here is how to find the relevant experiments which are potentially useful in analysing current data. In this study, the authors address this problem in the context of time‐course gene expression experiments from an information retrieval perspective. To this end, they introduce a computational framework that takes a time‐course experiment as a query and reports a list of relevant experiments retrieved from a given repository. These retrieved experiments can then be used to associate the environmental factors of query experiment with the findings previously reported. The model is tested using a set of time‐course Arabidopsis microarrays. The experimental results show that relevant experiments can be successfully retrieved based on content similarity.
Variable‐length balanced codes for quadrature phase shift keyed systems
Authors: Tu Xin , Fair Ivan J.
Published: October 2015

The authors outline an approach to construct capacity‐approaching balanced quadrature phase shift keyed (QPSK) codes. These codes ensure an equal number of different symbol values and many symbol transitions in the encoded sequence in order to assist practical demodulators to accurately recover symbol values. Their codes are comprised of instantaneously decodable variable‐length codewords that exhibit excellent performance with average code rates higher than previously reported fixed‐length balanced QPSK codes.
Time dependence and local structure of tracer dispersion in oscillating liquid Hele-Shaw flows
Authors: Roht Y. L. , Auradou H. , Hulin J.-P. , Salin D. , Chertcoff R. , Ippolito I.
Published: October 2015

Passive tracer dispersion in oscillating Poiseuille liquid flows of zero net velocity is studied experimentally in a Hele-Shaw cell and numerically by 2D simulations: this study is particularly focused on the time dependence and local properties of the dispersion. The dispersion mechanism is found to be controlled by the ratio τm/T of the molecular diffusion time across the gap and the oscillation period (when molecular diffusion parallel to the flow is negligible). The 2D numerical simulations complement the experiments by providing the local concentration c(x, z, t) at a given distance z from the cell walls (instead of only the average over z). Above a time lapse scaling like τm, the variation of c with the distance x along the flow becomes a Gaussian of width constant with z while the mean distance x̄ may depend both on z and t. For τm/T ≲ 2, the front spreads through Taylor-like dispersion and the normalized dispersivity scales as τm/T. The front oscillates parallel to the flow with an amplitude constant across the gap; its width increases monotonically at a rate modulated at twice the flow frequency, due to variations of the instantaneous dispersivity. For τm/T ≳ 20, the molecular diffusion distance during a period of the flow is smaller than the gap and the normalized dispersivity scales as (τm/T)−1. The oscillations of the different points of the front follow the local fluid velocity: this produces a reversible modulation of the global front width at twice the flow frequency and in quadrature with that in the Taylor-like regime.
Chemical mixing at “Al on Fe” and “Fe on Al” interfaces
Authors: Süle P. , Kaptás D. , Bujdosó L. , Horváth Z. E. , Nakanishi A. , Balogh J.
Published: October 2015

The chemical mixing at the “Al on Fe” and “Fe on Al” interfaces was studied by molecular dynamics simulations of the layer growth and by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. The concentration distribution along the layer growth direction was calculated for different crystallographic orientations, and atomically sharp “Al on Fe” interfaces were found when Al grows over (001) and (110) oriented Fe layers. The Al/Fe(111) interface is also narrow as compared to the intermixing found at the “Fe on Al” interfaces for any orientation. Conversion electron Mössbauer measurements of trilayers—Al/57Fe/Al and Al/57Fe/Ag grown simultaneously over Si(111) substrate by vacuum evaporation—support the results of the molecular dynamics calculations.
A general one-dimension nonlinear magneto-elastic coupled constitutive model for magnetostrictive materials
Authors: Zhang Da-Guang , Li Meng-Han , Zhou Hao-Miao
Published: October 2015

For magnetostrictive rods under combined axial pre-stress and magnetic field, a general one-dimension nonlinear magneto-elastic coupled constitutive model was built in this paper. First, the elastic Gibbs free energy was expanded into polynomial, and the relationship between stress and strain and the relationship between magnetization and magnetic field with the polynomial form were obtained with the help of thermodynamic relations. Then according to microscopic magneto-elastic coupling mechanism and some physical facts of magnetostrictive materials, a nonlinear magneto-elastic constitutive with concise form was obtained when the relations of nonlinear strain and magnetization in the polynomial constitutive were instead with transcendental functions. The comparisons between the prediction and the experimental data of different magnetostrictive materials, such as Terfenol-D, Metglas and Ni showed that the predicted magnetostrictive strain and magnetization curves were consistent with experimental results under different pre-stresses whether in the region of low and moderate field or high field. Moreover, the model can fully reflect the nonlinear magneto-mechanical coupling characteristics between magnetic, magnetostriction and elasticity, and it can effectively predict the changes of material parameters with pre-stress and bias field, which is useful in practical applications.