bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of halocarbons in coastal surface waters during short term mesocosm experiments
Authors: Orlikowska Anna , Stolle Christian , Pollehne Falk , Jürgens Klaus , Schulz-Bull Detlef E.
Published: June 2015

Environmental context Halocarbons are trace gases important in atmospheric ozone chemistry whose biogenic production – among other factors – depends on light-induced stress of marine algae. Several studies have confirmed this effect in laboratory experiments but knowledge in natural systems remains sparse. In mesocosm experiments, which are a link between field and laboratory studies, we observed that the influence of natural levels of ultraviolet radiation on halocarbon dynamics in the marine surface waters was either insignificant or concealed by the complex interactions in the natural systems. Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different light quality, especially ultraviolet radiation (UVR), on the dynamics of volatile halogenated organic compounds (VHOCs) at the sea surface. Short term experiments were conducted with floating gas-tight mesocosms of different optical qualities. Six halocarbons (CH3I, CHCl3, CH2Br2, CH2ClI, CHBr3 and CH2I2), known to be produced by phytoplankton, together with a variety of biological and environmental variables were measured in the coastal southern Baltic Sea and in the Raunefjord (North Sea). These experiments showed that ambient levels of UVR have no significant influence on VHOC dynamics in the natural systems. We attribute it to the low radiation doses that phytoplankton cells receive in a normal turbulent surface mixed layer. The VHOC concentrations were influenced by their production and removal processes, but they were not correlated with biological or environmental parameters investigated. Diatoms were most likely the dominant biogenic source of VHOCs in the Baltic Sea experiment, whereas in the Raunefjord experiment macroalgae probably contributed strongly to the production of VHOCs. The variable stable carbon isotope signatures (δ13C values) of bromoform (CHBr3) also indicate that different autotrophic organisms were responsible for CHBr3 production in the two coastal environments. In the Raunefjord, despite strong daily variations in CHBr3 concentration, the carbon isotopic ratio was fairly stable with a mean value of –26‰. During the declining spring phytoplankton bloom in the Baltic Sea, the δ13C values of CHBr3 were enriched in 13C and showed noticeable diurnal changes (–12‰ ±4). These results show that isotope signature analysis is a useful tool to study both the origin and dynamics of VHOCs in natural systems.
A test of metabolic and consumptive responses to local and global perturbations: enhanced resources stimulate herbivores to counter expansion of weedy species
Authors: McSkimming Chloe , Russell Bayden D. , Tanner Jason E. , Connell Sean D.
Published: June 2015

The capacity of natural systems to resist environmental change underpins ecosystem stability, e.g. the persistence of kelp-dominated states which are sometimes displaced by subordinates or weedy species (i.e. algal turfs). Perturbation by resource enhancement at global (e.g. CO2 emissions) through local scales (e.g. nutrient pollution) increases the probability of turf domination, yet these same resources stimulate an increase in per capita consumption of turfs by herbivores. We test whether such resource perturbation can stimulate herbivores to absorb the additional productivity of turfs that cause kelp displacement. We tested the hypotheses that (1) elevated nitrogen (N) and carbon dioxide (CO2) not only stimulate an increase in consumptive rates, but also stimulate an increase in underlying metabolic rates of gastropod herbivores, so that (2) enhanced primary productivity is countered by herbivory. We reveal that elevated nitrogen and CO2 stimulated an elevation in rates of consumption in proportion to an increase in metabolic rate of grazers. Subsequently, grazers consumed proportionately greater cover of turfs to counter turf expansion. Resource enrichment, therefore, can stimulate metabolic and consumptive activity of herbivores to absorb the additional productivity of opportunistic species. Hence, the competitive potential of subordinates to displace community dominants may be checked by the very resources that otherwise drive instability.
Genetic analyses reveal declining trends and low effective population size in an overfished South African sciaenid species, the dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicus)
Authors: Mirimin Luca , Macey Brett , Kerwath Sven , Lamberth Stephen , Bester-van der Merwe Aletta , Cowley Paul , Bloomer Paulette , Roodt-Wilding Rouvay
Published: June 2015

Overfishing has led to the collapse of many marine fish stocks along the South African coast, particularly species characterised by predictable distribution patterns and vulnerable life-history traits. Dusky kob (Argyrosomus japonicus) is an estuarine-dependent sciaenid fish that has been severely depleted by overfishing and is currently managed by suboptimal management measures aggravated by poor enforcement and compliance to regulations. The present study utilised microsatellite markers to evaluate levels of genetic diversity and population structuring of dusky kob along the South African coast, including five estuarine areas. Results showed signatures of bottlenecking, low and declining trends of effective population size and weak differentiation among samples collected along 2000km of coastline, indicating that dusky kob continues to be subject to the detrimental influence of fishing pressure. Additionally, because dusky kob is a key species in the emerging South African aquaculture sector, parentage analyses were used to successfully identify the origin of first-generation (F1) individuals from a commercial hatchery, hence allowing traceability of farmed products and discrimination between wild and farmed fish. Findings from the present study provided essential information to aid future management of wild populations, as well as to establish sustainable fish farming.
The effect of elevated CO2 on autotrophic picoplankton abundance and production in a eutrophic lake (Lake Taihu, China)
Authors: Li Shengnan , Zhou Jian , Wei Lijun , Kong Fanxiang , Shi Xiaoli
Published: June 2015

The effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on the community structure and primary production of the autotrophic picoplankton of a eutrophic lake were studied in Lake Taihu, China. We conducted in situ experiments with three CO2 concentrations (270, 380 and 750ppm) over four seasons during 2012 and 2013. Our results showed that phycocyanin-rich picocyanobacteria were dominant in winter and that photosynthetic picoeukaryotes were prevalent during the other three seasons. CO2 elevation could significantly increase the abundance of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes in all seasons except winter, but did not have any influence on picocyanobacterial abundance. CO2 enrichment caused an increase in the primary production of the picoplankton community in most seasons, and significant differences were observed among the treatments in summer and winter. In addition, the contribution of picoplankton to total primary production significantly increased under higher CO2 concentrations in winter. The increase in the abundance of photosynthetic picoeukaryotes and the primary production of picoplankton under high CO2 concentrations may reduce the transfer of matter and energy to higher trophic levels and increase the importance of the microbial food web.
High-resolution infrared thermography for capturing wildland fire behaviour: RxCADRE 2012
Authors: O'Brien Joseph J. , Loudermilk E. Louise , Hornsby Benjamin , Hudak Andrew T. , Bright Benjamin C. , Dickinson Matthew B. , Hiers J. Kevin , Teske Casey , Ottmar Roger D.
Published: June 2015

Wildland fire radiant energy emission is one of the only measurements of combustion that can be made at wide spatial extents and high temporal and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, spatially and temporally explicit measurements are critical for making inferences about fire effects and useful for examining patterns of fire spread. In this study we describe our methods for capturing and analysing spatially and temporally explicit long-wave infrared (LWIR) imagery from the RxCADRE (Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment) project and examine the usefulness of these data in investigating fire behaviour and effects. We compare LWIR imagery captured at fine and moderate spatial and temporal resolutions (from 1 cm2 to 1 m2; and from 0.12 to 1 Hz) using both nadir and oblique measurements. We analyse fine-scale spatial heterogeneity of fire radiant power and energy released in several experimental burns. There was concurrence between the measurements, although the oblique view estimates of fire radiative power were consistently higher than the nadir view estimates. The nadir measurements illustrate the significance of fuel characteristics, particularly type and connectivity, in driving spatial variability at fine scales. The nadir and oblique measurements illustrate the usefulness of the data for describing the location and movement of the fire front at discrete moments in time at these fine and moderate resolutions. Spatially and temporally resolved data from these techniques show promise to effectively link the combustion environment with post-fire processes, remote sensing at larger scales and wildland fire modelling efforts.
Kinase-interacting substrate screening is a novel method to identify kinase substrates
Authors: Amano Mutsuki , Hamaguchi Tomonari , Shohag Md. Hasanuzzaman , Kozawa Kei , Kato Katsuhiro , Zhang Xinjian , Yura Yoshimitsu , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Kataoka Chikako , Nishioka Tomoki , Kaibuchi Kozo
Published: June 2015

Protein kinases play pivotal roles in numerous cellular functions; however, the specific substrates of each protein kinase have not been fully elucidated. We have developed a novel method called kinase-interacting substrate screening (KISS). Using this method, 356 phosphorylation sites of 140 proteins were identified as candidate substrates for Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase/ROCK2), including known substrates. The KISS method was also applied to additional kinases, including PKA, MAPK1, CDK5, CaMK1, PAK7, PKN, LYN, and FYN, and a lot of candidate substrates and their phosphorylation sites were determined, most of which have not been reported previously. Among the candidate substrates for Rho-kinase, several functional clusters were identified, including the polarity-associated proteins, such as Scrib. We found that Scrib plays a crucial role in the regulation of subcellular contractility by assembling into a ternary complex with Rho-kinase and Shroom2 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. We propose that the KISS method is a comprehensive and useful substrate screen for various kinases.
The unpredictability of prolonged activation of stress response pathways
Authors: Lamech Lilian T. , Haynes Cole M.
Published: June 2015

In response to stress, cellular compartments activate signaling pathways that mediate transcriptional programs to promote survival and reestablish homeostasis. Manipulation of the magnitude and duration of the activation of stress responses has been proposed as a strategy to prevent or repair the damage associated with aging or degenerative diseases. However, as these pathways likely evolved to respond specifically to transient perturbations, the unpredictability of prolonged activation should be considered.
The first buds of Cdc42
Authors: Short Ben
Published: June 2015

In 1990, John Pringle and colleagues identified the small GTPase and demonstrated its role in yeast cell polarization.
Quadrupole distribution generated by a laser induced plasma (LIP) in air in earliest instants using pulses of 532 or 355 nm
Authors: Paulin-Fuentes J Mauricio , Sánchez-Aké C , Bredice Fausto O , Villagrán-Muniz Mayo
Published: June 2015

The self-generated electric and magnetic fields in laser induced plasmas (LIPs) in air during the first 40 ns are experimentally investigated using different electric, magnetic and optical techniques. To produce LIPs we used the second and third harmonics (532 and 355 nm) of a Nd:YAG nanosecond pulsed laser with a range of irradiance from

to

W

. The variation in time of the electric field was detected using the tip of a coaxial cable, and the spontaneous magnetic field (SMF) was measured using a

probe. The spatial and temporal evolution of the plasma was studied using shadowgraphy and fast photography. It was observed that produced LIPs using pulses of 532 and 355 nm, generate plasmas of double core over the laser axis, while we observed that produced LIPs by pulses of 1064 nm are composed of a single core plasma. We found that the double-core plasmas have a quadrupole distribution of the charge, consisting of two oppositely directed dipoles which in turn correspond to each plasma core. The magnetic diagnostic showed an oscillating magnetic field azimuthal to the main axis of the double-plasma.
IBiSS, a versatile and interactive tool for integrated sequence and 3D structure analysis of large macromolecular complexes
Authors: Beinsteiner Brice , Michalon Jonathan , Klaholz Bruno P.
Published: June 2015

Motivation: In the past few years, an increasing number of crystal and cryo electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of large macromolecular complexes, such as the ribosome or the RNA polymerase, have become available from various species. These multi-subunit complexes can be difficult to analyze at the level of amino acid sequence in combination with the 3D structural organization of the complex. Therefore, novel tools for simultaneous analysis of structure and sequence information of complex assemblies are required to better understand the basis of molecular mechanisms and their functional implications.

Results: Here, we present a web-based tool, Integrative Biology of Sequences and Structures (IBiSS), which is designed for interactively displaying 3D structures and selected sequences of subunits from large macromolecular complexes thus allowing simultaneous structure-sequence analysis such as conserved residues involved in catalysis or protein-protein interfaces. This tool comprises a Graphic User Interface and uses a rapid-access internal database, containing the relevant pre-aligned multiple sequences across all species available and 3D structural information. These annotations are automatically retrieved and updated from UniProt and crystallographic and cryo-EM data available in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and Electron Microscopy Data Bank (EMDB).

Availability and implementation: The database contains all currently available structures of ribosomes, RNA polymerases, nucleosomes, proteasome, photosystem I and II complexes. IBiSS is available at http://ibiss.igbmc.fr

Contact:  klaholz@igbmc.fr
Lived Experiences of “Illness Uncertainty” of Iranian Cancer Patients
Authors: Sajjadi Moosa , Rassouli Maryam , Abbaszadeh Abbas , Brant Jeannine , Majd Hamid Alavi
Published: June 2015

Background:

For cancer patients, uncertainty is a pervasive experience and a major psychological stressor that affects many aspects of their lives. Uncertainty is a multifaceted concept, and its understanding for patients depends on many factors, including factors associated with various sociocultural contexts. Unfortunately, little is known about the concept of uncertainty in Iranian society and culture.

Objectives:

This study aimed to clarify the concept and explain lived experiences of illness uncertainty in Iranian cancer patients.

Methods:

In this hermeneutic phenomenological study, 8 cancer patients participated in semistructured in-depth interviews about their experiences of uncertainty in illness. Interviews continued until data saturation was reached. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, analyzed, and interpreted using 6 stages of the van Manen phenomenological approach.

Results:

Seven main themes emerged from patients’ experiences of illness uncertainty of cancer. Four themes contributed to uncertainty including “Complexity of Cancer,” “Confusion About Cancer,” “Contradictory Information,” and “Unknown Future.” Two themes facilitated coping with uncertainty including “Seeking Knowledge” and “Need for Spiritual Peace.” One theme, “Knowledge Ambivalence,” revealed the struggle between wanting to know and not wanting to know, especially if bad news was delivered.

Conclusion:

Uncertainty experience for cancer patients in different societies is largely similar. However, some experiences (eg, ambiguity in access to medical resources) seemed unique to Iranian patients.

Implications for Practice:

This study provided an outlook of cancer patients’ experiences of illness uncertainty in Iran. Cancer patients’ coping ability to deal with uncertainty can be improved.
Home visits: a reflection on family contact in a specialist forensic intellectual disability service
Authors: Cheshire Lucinda , Chester Verity , Graham Alex , Grace Jackie , Alexander Regi T
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– There is little published literature about the number of home visits provided to patients within forensic intellectual disability units, and there is no published data on variables that affect home visits. There is a need for a baseline audit that can formulate standards for future practice. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper describes the home visit programme within a forensic intellectual disability service, and a baseline audit of the programme. The audit measured the number of home visits, any factors that adversely affect home visits, and the extent of family contact. The authors propose audit standards for evaluation of good practice in this area.

Findings

– The audit involved 63 patients over a one-year period. In total, 81 per cent of patients had some form of family contact and 54 per cent of patients at least one home visit. However, 19 per cent of patients had no contact with their family due to a variety of reasons. There were no significant differences in the number of home visits between men and women, patients on civil vs criminal sections or those treated “within area” or “out of area”. Patients in rehabilitation wards had significantly more visits than those in low or medium secure.

Originality/value

– Conventional wisdom is that reduced family contact is the direct result of patients being placed “out of area”. The results of this audit suggest that, at least in this group, the reasons may be much more nuanced and that the current definition of “out of area” has to be improved to incorporate the actual distance between the patient’s current family home and the service. Audit standards have been proposed to monitor family contact and home visits. Future work should focus on the relationship between family contact and treatment outcomes.
Improving the detection of detainees with suspected intellectual disability in police custody
Authors: McKinnon Iain , Thorp Julie , Grubin Don
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is twofold. First to ascertain the efficacy of current police reception screening to detect detainees with intellectual disability (ID). Second to assess the validity of a short targeted screen for ID among police custody detainees.

Design/methodology/approach

– The study comprised three stages. First, 248 police custody detainees were assessed for a range of health morbidities, including a pragmatic clinical evaluation of ID. For those with suspected ID, the police custody screens were scrutinised for evidence that this had been detected. Second, a new police health screen, incorporating a short screen for ID, was piloted. Totally, 351 detainees were assessed in the same way as in part 1 with the new screens being scrutinised for evidence that ID had been detected where relevant. Third, the new police screen for ID was validated among a sample of 64 inpatients, some with ID and some without, from forensic inpatient services. Parts 1 and 2 were carried out in the Metropolitan Police Service, London. Part 3 took place in one NHS Trust.

Findings

– In parts 1 and 2, the rate of detainees with suspected ID was 2-3 per cent. The standard police screen detected 25 per cent of these detainees in part 1. When the new screen was introduced in part 2, the sensitivity for ID increased to 83 per cent. However, there was no requisite improvement in the proportion of detainees with ID receiving an Appropriate Adult. In the inpatient study, the new screen showed a good level of sensitivity (91 per cent) and reasonable specificity (63 per cent).

Practical implications

– It is possible to improve the detection rate of detainees with suspected ID by introducing a short ID screen into the police custody officers’ reception health screen.

Originality/value

– The Health Screening of People in Police Custody (HELP-PC) study is a project evaluating screening for health morbidity among police custody detainees. Other data from this study have been reported elsewhere, but this is the first time the data pertaining to ID screening has been reported in detail.
Exit the king. Enter the maid
Authors: Peterson Helen
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The aims of this paper are twofold: first, to explore if and how management ideals are gendered within the context of Swedish higher education management and second, to investigate if and how the gendered character of these ideals has been challenged by new managerialism.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper draws on qualitative semi-structured interviews with 22 women in senior academic management positions (Vice Chancellors, Pro Vice Chancellors, Deans and Pro deans) in ten Swedish higher education institutions. Discourse analysis is used to explore the constructions of the management ideal in the interviews.

Findings

– The paper identifies how the interviewed women managers constructed two different management ideals: one old-fashioned and traditional masculine ideal that was superseded by a feminine ideal that they identified themselves with. The masculine ideal was presented as being replaced by the feminine ideal due to the restructuring of higher education and the reforms in line with new managerialism. However, the feminine ideal was also associated with a number of professional challenges.

Originality/value

– The research study is limited to management in the higher education sector, but the results have general implications as it adds richness to our understanding of the gendered effects of new managerialism. However, the paper builds on a small qualitative study with women only interviews. The paper is therefore to be considered as explorative. More research is needed, especially including men.
Business confidence in government regulators
Authors: Wong Alfred , Wei Lu , Tjosvold Dean
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– This study aims to examine the conditions that help businesses develop confidence in their government regulators. Businesses are dependent upon governments and subject to their regulations. This study proposes that businesses and governments that confirm each other’s social face have the relationship that helps businesses become confident in their government regulators. It also uses the theory of cooperation and competition to identify when they confirm social face.

Design/methodology/approach

– Data were collected in Shanghai, China, from government bodies and business organizations from diverse industries. One hundred forty-six pairs of government officials and business managers provided us data for our analysis.

Findings

– Structural equation analysis suggests that cooperative, but not competitive or independent, goals provide the foundation for mutual confirmation of social face that in turn results in business confidence that the government is competent, caring and regulates effectively.

Practical implications

– These findings were interpreted as reaffirming the value of relationships for collaboration between business and government and the usefulness of the concepts of social face and goal interdependence for understanding how to develop high-quality business–government relationships in China.

Originality/value

– This study directly investigates social face among Chinese people and explores its impact on inter-organizational government–business relationships. This study uses social face and goal interdependence to understand when business and regulators develop relationships that promote effective regulation.
Trade liberalization and technology absorption in a less developing country context
Authors: Bannaga Alamedin
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The paper aims to investigate the relationship between trade liberalization and technology absorption in a less developing country context. The objective is to empirically test the relationship between these two variables. This analysis was conducted in Sub-Saharan African economies.

Design/methodology/approach

– A panel regression of 20 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa was estimated based on a model that takes into account both trade policy and non-policy factors affecting technology absorption.

Findings

– A positive and significant relationship was found between trade liberalization and technology absorption. This relationship is valid across a variety of model specifications, technology absorption proxies and estimation techniques. Moreover, non-policy factors such as geographical spillover play significant role in technology absorption.

Originality/value

– The paper examines the link between the trade liberalization and the technology absorption in Sub-Saharan Africa. The analysis is empirical in nature and builds on panel estimations. The novelty of the paper comes from the topic investigated and the focus on a region which has not attracted much attention in the literature.
A social semiotic approach to identifying critical aspects
Authors: Fredlund Tobias , Linder Cedric , Airey John
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to propose a social semiotic approach to analysing objects of learning in terms of their critical aspects.

Design/methodology/approach

– The design for this paper focuses on how the semiotic resources – including language, equations, and diagrams – that are commonly used in physics teaching realise the critical aspects of a common physics object of learning. A social semiotic approach to the analysis of a canonical text extract from optics is presented to illustrate how critical aspects can be identified.

Findings

– Implications for university teaching and learning of physics stemming from this social semiotic approach are suggested.

Originality/value

– Hitherto under-explored similarities between the Variation Theory of Learning, which underpins learning studies, and a social semiotic approach to meaning-making are identified. These similarities are used to propose a new, potentially very powerful approach to identifying critical aspects of objects of learning.
Pedagogical and learning theories and the improvement and development of lesson and learning studies
Authors: Runesson Ulla
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– It has been suggested that, if pedagogical and learning theories are integrated into lesson and learning study, a systematic construction of pedagogical knowledge is possible (Elliott, 2012). In this Special Issue, it is reported how theory and theoretical concepts can add value to lesson and learning study. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Special Issue and explore the above concepts.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper presents the Special Issue papers thematically and the main issues are discussed.

Findings

– Together the papers suggest that pedagogical theories and theorizing practice may contribute to the improvement of teachers’ practical knowledge and knowledge about teachers’ professional tasks and objects. Furthermore, some theories and theoretical concepts hitherto under-exploited in lesson and learning study are presented and discussed from the point of view how these might improve the quality of the studies.

Originality/value

– As a total, this collection of papers bring out issues about the role of pedagogical and learning theories and how these could inform lesson and learning study.
Micro firms internet adoption patterns: the case of the Greek jewellery industry
Authors: Panayiotou Nikolaos A. , Katimertzoglou Petros K.
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate internet adoption of very small B2B firms in Greece. This study aims to construct a model which will classify companies according to internet activities undertaken and then to explore whether different adoption can be interpreted by business demographics and a limited number of perceived barriers.

Design/methodology/approach

– This empirical research was carried out by the means of survey focussing on the Greek jewellery industry. Data were submitted to a sequence of statistical analyses resulting to a model of Internet adoption. The model was then bench marked to representative domestic and international adoption patterns.

Findings

– Firms can be classified into three groups, ranging from non-adopters to relatively mature adopters, similarly to previous patterns of international B2B small to medium enterprises. Business size and type, international cooperation and knowledge with regards to internet proved to be significantly correlated to adoption status.

Research limitations/implications

– The paper focusses on one Greek business sector and thus the applicability of its results to cross-type international micro-businesses remains questionable.

Practical implications

– The findings of this study can assist company owners to plan their internet strategy, software vendors to target firms by offering tailored solutions and governmental authorities to implement initiatives aiming to confront the highlighted internet adoption disablers.

Originality/value

– This is one of a few information and communication technology studies that focus on very small companies and perhaps the only one providing an empirical classification model of internet adoption for this business size.
The mediating role of knowledge integration in effect of leadership styles on enterprise systems success
Authors: Ghazali Razatulshima , Ahmad Mohammad Nazir , Zakaria Nor Hidayati
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to show empirically how knowledge management, particularly knowledge integration (KI), acts as a mediator between different leadership styles and Enterprise Systems (ES) success. It proposes a model of KI as a mediator between two leadership styles (the transformational and transactional leadership styles). The study also aims to expose the most relevant leadership styles to be practiced by leaders when managing the ES post-implementation stage.

Design/methodology/approach

– Valid data were collected from 263 survey respondents in Malaysian companies. The authors employed structural equation modelling and used the path modelling approach to investigate the underlying relationships between the variables. The authors then tested the mediating effects of KI by using the bootstrapping procedures proposed by Preacher and Hayes, which suits the path analysis method.

Findings

– The results provide empirical evidence on the relationships between the variables and on the role of KI mechanisms as a mediator between leadership styles and ES success, especially in the ES post-implementation phase. Both leadership styles have to be practiced by leaders while managing an ES.

Research limitations/implications

– Future research can investigate the role of KI mechanisms as moderators between both leadership styles. The study can also be expanded by looking in-depth at other leadership styles.

Practical implications

– This paper is useful for management researchers and as a guide to management practice for business managers.

Originality/value

– This paper proposes a model that examines the vitality of KI effect in ES post-implementation stage by different leadership styles. The results expose the importance of leaders’ adoption of KI mechanisms and call for manager attention to the importance of using the right leadership styles when managing ES.
A framework for encouraging retail customer feedback
Authors: Celuch Kevin , Robinson Nadine M. , Walsh Anna M.
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to examine antecedents of the under researched area of customer feedback in a retail context with feedback defined as positive and negative comments as well as suggestions for product/service improvements. A market-oriented firm listens to customers and puts their feedback into practice. Research on customer engagement, which includes customer feedback, has recently surged. The preponderance of feedback research to date has been focused on customer complaint behavior which is negatively valenced. Much less attention has been paid to customer feedback (including sharing positive information, thoughts and suggestions for new ideas, in addition to negative information) even though it has great value for companies. This research addresses this gap by integrating literature on customer orientation and engagement and relationship marketing antecedents (social benefits) and outcomes (commitment) to better understand what retailers can do to encourage customer feedback through relationships with frontline employees.

Design/methodology/approach

– This study employs a cross-sectional, single retailer approach surveying 864 customers who have varying relationships to a coffee house.

Findings

– Conditional process analysis was used to test the hypothesized mediating and moderating relationships. Results were consistent with predictions, showing that retail employee customer-oriented behavior is mediated by customer social benefit perceptions to influence feedback. Further, social benefit perceptions will interact with the level of customer continuance commitment to impact feedback. Specifically, the impact of social benefits will be stronger when commitment to the retailer is higher.

Originality/value

– This research has academic and practical implications by increasing our understanding of an underrepresented and valuable aspect of engagement – customer feedback. Specifically, it addresses a key marketing research priority set forth in a 2010JSRspecial issue, calling for more work contributing to this topic. Also, this research implies managers have the ability to influence the amount of feedback that they receive by encouraging certain employee behaviors.
A structural model of information privacy concerns toward hospital websites
Authors: Kuo Kuang-Ming , Talley Paul C. , Ma Chen-Chung
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to propose and empirically test a theoretical model that considers the predictors of an individual’s perceptions of information privacy, and also how it relates to his/her behavioral intention toward approaching hospital web sites.

Design/methodology/approach

– This paper collects data using survey methodology. A total of 331 usable participants are gathered and analyzed via structural equation modeling.

Findings

– Significant predictors of information privacy concerns include a stated online privacy policy and a hospital’s reputation. Further, online privacy policy predicts a hospital’s reputation. Finally, hospital reputation and information privacy concerns significantly predict an individual’s behavioral intention toward approaching hospital web sites.

Research limitations/implications

– The study confirmed that an online privacy policy and reputation can effectively alleviate specific information privacy concerns; therefore, this may indicate that these two factors should be considered whenever investigating individuals’ information privacy concerns.

Practical implications

– To acquire a good reputation and to diminish individuals’ information privacy concerns toward hospital web sites, hospitals should pay attention to the posting of an online privacy policy and communicating such policies to given individuals.

Originality/value

– This paper fulfils the gap of exploring the relationship among online privacy policy, organization reputation, and information privacy concerns. Further, the hypothesized model and its findings could also provide useful information for managers who are intent on boosting hospital web site usage frequency patterns.
Library Facebook practices for creating and promoting a professional profile
Authors: Vassilakaki Evgenia , Garoufallou Emmanouel
Published: June 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth insight on librarians’ use of the social networking site Facebook as a way to connect and promote interaction with library users. A series of common practices for building and maintaining a Facebook page for information professionals are thoroughly and critically presented.

Design/methodology/approach

– Two methods were employed for the purposes of this study. Specifically, a systematic review was adopted to identify all the relevant literature concerning librarian’s use of Facebook, and a content analysis of the literature to identify the specific Facebook features used, the way these were employed by librarians, and the reasons these specific features were chosen.

Findings

– In total, 12 Facebook features used by librarians in the literature were identified through content analysis. The creation of the librarian’s Facebook Profile was the most important featured employed followed by Groups Messages, Wall Posts, Events and Friends.

Research limitations/implications

– This study extents a literature review paper (Vassilakaki and Garoufallou, 2014). Therefore, only papers published between 2005 and 2012 and assigned to categories “librarians creating profiles on Facebook”, “Librarians personal experiences on Facebook” and “exploring librarians’ perspectives” were considered with the view to focus on librarians’ views and the way they use Facebook to connect with users.

Originality/value

– This study contributes in providing the baseline for creating a series of best practices for librarians use of Facebook for professional purposes. Furthermore, it provides a valuable insight on the specific ways information professionals use Facebook successfully.
Seismic imaging through the volcanic rocks of the Snake River Plain: insights from Project Hotspot
Authors: Liberty Lee M. , Schmitt Douglas R. , Shervais John W.
Published: June 2015

Hotspot: The Snake River Geothermal Drilling Project was undertaken to better understand geothermal systems across the Snake River Plain volcanic province. A series of surface and borehole seismic profiles were obtained to provide insights into volcanic stratigraphy and test the capabilities of engineering‐scale seismic imaging in such terranes. The Kimberly site drilled through 1.9 km of mostly rhyolite, with thin sedimentary interbeds in the upper part of the section. The Kimama site drilled through 1.9 km of mostly basalt with sedimentary interbeds at ∼200 m depth and 1700 m depth. The Mountain Home site contained numerous sediment and volcanic rock layers. Downhole and surface vibroseis seismic results suggest sedimentary interbeds at depth correspond with low‐velocity, high‐temperature zones that relate to reflections on seismic profiles. Our results suggest that eruption flow volumes can be estimated and flow boundaries can be imaged with surface seismic methods using relatively high‐fold and wide‐angle coverage. High‐frequency attenuation is observed at all sites, and this deficit may be countered by acquisition design and a focus on signal processing steps. Separation of surface and body waves was obtained by muting, and the potential for large static effects was identified and addressed in processing. An accurate velocity model and lithology contacts derived from borehole information improved the confidence of our seismic interpretations.
1D joint multi‐offset inversion of time‐domain marine controlled source electromagnetic data
Authors: Moghadas Davood , Engels Martin , Schwalenberg Katrin
Published: June 2015

The accurate estimation of sub‐seafloor resistivity features from marine controlled source electromagnetic data using inverse modelling is hindered due to the limitations of the inversion routines. The most commonly used one‐dimensional inversion techniques for resolving subsurface resistivity structures are gradient‐based methods, namely Occam and Marquardt. The first approach relies on the smoothness of the model and is recommended when there are no sharp resistivity boundaries. The Marquardt routine is relevant for many electromagnetic applications with sharp resistivity contrasts but subject to the appropriate choice of a starting model. In this paper, we explore the ability of different 1D inversion schemes to derive sub‐seafloor resistivity structures from time domain marine controlled source electromagnetic data measured along an 8‐km‐long profile in the German North Sea. Seismic reflection data reveal a dipping shallow amplitude anomaly that was the target of the controleld source electromagnetic survey. We tested four inversion schemes to find suitable starting models for the final Marquardt inversion. In this respect, as a first scenario, Occam inversion results are considered a starting model for the subsequent Marquardt inversion (Occam–Marquardt). As a second scenario, we employ a global method called Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis and sequentially incorporate it with Marquardt inversion. The third approach corresponds to Marquardt inversion introducing lateral constraints. Finally, we include the lateral constraints in Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis optimization, and the results are sequentially utilized by Marquardt inversion. Occam–Marquardt may provide accurate estimation of the subsurface features, but it is dependent on the appropriate conversion of different multi‐layered Occam model to an acceptable starting model for Marquardt inversion, which is not straightforward. Employing parameter spaces, the Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis approach can be pertinent to determine Marquardt a priori information; nevertheless, the uncertainties in Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis optimization will introduce some inaccuracies in Marquardt inversion results. Laterally constrained Marquardt may be promising to resolve sub‐seafloor features, but it is not stable if there are significant lateral changes of the sub‐seafloor structure due to the dependence of the method to the starting model. Including the lateral constraints in Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis approach allows for faster convergence of the routine with consistent results, furnishing more accurate estimation of a priori models for the subsequent Marquardt inversion.
Retracted: Does natural variation in diversity affect biotic resistance?
Authors: Harrison Susan , Cornell Howard , Grace James B.
Published: June 2015

Theories linking diversity to ecosystem function have been challenged by the widespread observation of more exotic species in more diverse native communities. Few studies have addressed the key underlying process by dissecting how community diversity is shaped by the same environmental gradients that determine biotic and abiotic resistance to new invaders.

In grasslands on highly heterogeneous soils, we used addition of a recent invader, competitor removal and structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse soil influences on community diversity, biotic and abiotic resistance and invader success.

Biotic resistance, measured by reduction in invader success in the presence of the resident community, was negatively correlated with species richness and functional diversity. However, in the multivariate SEM framework, biotic resistance was independent of all forms of diversity and was positively affected by soil fertility via community biomass. Abiotic resistance, measured by invader success in the absence of the resident community, peaked on infertile soils with low biomass and high community diversity. Net invader success was determined by biotic resistance, consistent with this invader's better performance on infertile soils in unmanipulated conditions.

Seed predation added slightly to biotic resistance without qualitatively changing the results. Soil‐related genotypic variation in the invader also did not affect the results.

Synthesis. In natural systems, diversity may be correlated with invasibility and yet have no effect on either biotic or abiotic resistance to invasion. More generally, the environmental causes of variation in diversity should not be overlooked when considering the potential functional consequences of diversity.
Implementing evidence‐based practices in supported employment on the Gold Coast for people with severe mental illness
Authors: Williams Philip Lee , Lloyd Chris , Waghorn Geoffrey , Machingura Tawanda
Published: June 2015

Aim

The aim of this project was to evaluate program outcomes following the implementation of an evidence‐based approach to supported employment on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

Method

A prospective observational design was used to evaluate employment outcomes and fidelity to the evidence‐based principles and practices of a specialised form of supported employment. The cohort was defined as all those (n = 114) that entered the program at each of three sites within a 21‐month period. Each participant was followed up for a minimum of six months. All three sites implemented the employment program by establishing a partnership between a non‐government organisation and the Gold Coast community mental health service.

Results

The primary outcome variable was the proportion commencing competitive employment during the follow‐up period from among those that commenced receiving assistance (the denominator). This ranged from 12% at Site C to 33.3% at Site A, and 37% at Site B. Fidelity to evidence‐based principles was fair at Sites A and C and good at Site B. These results were below expectations based on international‐controlled trials. The variation in site effectiveness appeared related to both fidelity to evidence‐based principles and to other factors at each site, which could not be clearly identified.

Conclusions

Delivering an effective supported employment program using an inter‐agency partnership method is challenging. There are several roles in which occupational therapists can be involved that facilitate improving both the implementation and the effectiveness of supported employment for people with severe mental illness in Australia.