bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EVOLUTION OF SEED PRODUCTION IN DIOECIOUS HEMP IN THE PERIOD 2016-2018, IN CLIMATE CONDITIONS FROM S.C.D.A. LOVRIN
Authors: PANDA Anca Ofelia , BUZNA Ciprian Călin , BULAI Andreea
Published: December 2022

Hemp is a multi-purpose crop, being used mainly for the production of stems and fiber, seed, but also for food and medicine. In the western part of the country and not only, dioecious hemp finds favorable conditions for cultivation. One of the research centers in Romania, with a rich tradition in hemp breeding and cultivation is at S.C.D.A. Lovrin. Hemp is a plant with special requirements for temperature, humidity and fertilization. The optimum temperature at which the highest seed and stem productions are obtained is 20-22⁰C together with a good supply of pressing nutrients. During the analyzed period, 2016-2018 the climatic conditions had an atypical evolution, considerably influencing the harvest. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the production of a number of ten varieties, Romanian and foreign, from the S.C.D.A. Lovrin. Climatic conditions had a significant influence on production, the minimum production being recorded in 2017 (240 kg / ha - average experience) and the maximum in 2018 (786 kg / ha seed average experience).
THE ABANDONMENT OF THE GRASSLANDS IN THE MOUNTAIN AREA OF TIMIŞ COUNTY. CASE STUDY: ATU PIETROASA
Authors: COJOCARIU Luminiţa , HORABLAGA Nicolae Marinel , RAIN Petru , BOSTAN Cristian , RECHIŢEAN Dorin
Published: December 2022

In the context of a dynamic environment, affected by various natural and / or anthropogenic factors and processes, monitoring and evaluation of grassland areas are essential. The purpose of this study is to capture the changes in time and space, in the surface of some meadows in the mountainous area of Timiş County, against the background of poor management and negative demographic indicators. The researches were carried out in the period 2006 - 2013 - 2018, on high spatial resolution aerial images (orthophotos) which allowed highlighting the details in accordance with the reality on the ground. Geospatial data were processed in the GIS environment, according to the specific methodology (vectorization, complex spatial analysis, change analysis). In all the analyzed cases, the useful surface of the meadows was considerably reduced, mainly as a result of the invasion of the forest vegetation. The changes produced in the structure and the surface occupied by the meadows at the level of the study area, are mostly related to the human factor through the depopulation phenomenon, specific to the western area of Romania and especially to the mountainous areas, defined on the one hand by the balance. natural demographic negative, and on the other hand by large migratory phenomena.
RESEARCH REGARDING CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SOME MAIZE HYBRIDS CREATED AT ARDS LOVIN (TIMIȘ COUNTY)
Authors: SUBA Titus , SUBA Dana , NEGRUȚ Georgiana
Published: December 2022

In the process of maize breeding, over time, researchers have shown that improving grain quality leads to a decrease of productivity, between quality and productivity being a negative linear correlation, which is also highlighted by the results of this study. The purpose of this research is to create and identify maize hybrids with a high percentage of protein and oil content in kernels. In order to accomplish the objective we needed to use specific breeding methods to transfer the genes involved, methods like: recurrent and recurrent-reciprocal selection, crosses and back-crosses. The obtained hybrids were observed in a comparative culture consisting of 20 simple maize hybrids, with different vegetation periods, perspective hybrids created at ARDS Lovrin. In addition to the determinations made during this study, regarding the production, oil and protein content of maize hybrids, we were interested to see how these characters are correlated. The methods used for the statistical interpretation were: analysis of variance, Student test and different correlations between quality indices, as well as between quality indices and the production components. The limit value of the correlation coefficient for the probability of transgression α was calculated according to table XI - Ceapoiu. The percentage of protein in maize kernels usually has values between 9% and 11%. In the maize breeding process, one of the purposes is to exceed the maximum threshold, but also to improve the quality of protein, because it is deficient in essential aminoacids (lysine and tryptophan).The percentage of protein in maize grain is polygenically determined. To increase the percentage of protein in kernels, it is recommended that in the breedin gprocess, the female form (inbred lines with female inflorescence) to be the one with a high protein content, because 2/3 of the endosperm comes from the maternal parent. The quality of maize kernels can be tested through animal experiments, their response being one of the best selection criteria, as it was found that there are differences in preferences of some hybrids, even if from a biochemical point of view they are similar. A special use of corn kernels is found in the food industry. In addition to their use in obtaining corn meal, they are also used for oil extraction. It is known that there is a negative correlation between corn grain production and kernel quality, because while improving the quality of maize kernels, production decreases.
IN WESTERN ROMANIA, WHEAT YELLOW DWARF VIRUS BECOME A DISEASE PROBLEM CAUSED BY CHANGING CLIMATE
Authors: Gheorghe BUNTA  , Corina COSMA
Published: December 2022

Winter wheat is most susceptible to yellow dwarfed virus and most damaged during its seedling stages and the beginning of stem elongation. Leaf discoloration in shades of yellow, red or purple from the tip down and from the margin to midrib is a typical symptom of BYDV attack. The experiment vas conducted during the year 2019-2020, in the experimental field of wheat breeding laboratory of the Agricultural Research and Development Station Lovrin, placed near the town Oradea, in the North-west of Romania. The autumn of year 2019 were unusually very worm and very humid too, prolonged until the middle of December, favourable the fly of aphides. With a single exception (the cultivar Biharia), all the genotypes that exceed the trial average of yield (Abundent, Bogdana, Otilia, Simnic 60 and F. 14.078 GP 1) had the BYDV average note from 3.2 to 3.6. The best varieties have either cultivar OTILIA or the breeding line Fundulea 14.078 GP 1 in their pedigree. Both of them derived from a triticale/wheat cross. The aphides prefer the grown juicy of leaves of belated genotypes (Bezostaya 1, Dacic, Adelina). The genotypes with good resistance to drought (Bogdana, Ursita, Abundent) are less preferred by aphides. The yield was negative affected by yellowing of leaves, purple leaf coloration and blacken ears of plants. The first simptoms are caused by autumn infection of plants with virions but purple leaf coloration is caused by the new fly of aphides during the earing period. Blacken ears of plants seems to be caused only by the purple leaf coloration. The date of earring correlate negatively with the virus symptoms (yellowing, purple leaf coloration and blacken ears). The genotypes which are earlier are more affected by BYDV.
DESIGN OF OPTIMIZING THE APPLICATION OF THE MANURE IN HIGH NATURAL VALUE (HNV) GRASSLANDS, IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE, BASED ON NDVI
Authors: Luminiţa COJOCARIU  , Loredana COPĂCEAN  , Marinel Nicolae HORABLAGA  , Cristian BOSTAN
Published: December 2022

In many countries, especially in Eastern Europe, there is much discussion about how grasslands are managed in order to prevent pollution of soils, rivers, lakes and to maintain and conserve wild flora and fauna. These objectives favor the maintenance of high biodiversity in High Natural Value (HNV) grasslands through their extensive use, with a low intake of organic fertilizers in line with EU CAP policies. In Romania, in the High Natural Value (HNV) grasslands, subsidies are allocated for "environmentally friendly practices", through the Agri-environment and climate program, but the amount of organic fertilizer is restricted up to 40 kg nitrogen active element/ha regardless of the type fertilizer) but also their administration. Currently, through remarkable advances in areas such as GIS and remote sensing, applications for agriculture provide complex information with high accuracy, but also the ability to provide predictions for various parameters. In this context, the paper aims to optimize the application of manure in HNV grasslands, in accordance with Agri-environment policies, by improving and adapting in practice the OneSoil application based on NDVI map generation from Sentinel satellite images. The validation of the "adjustments" brought to the application was done by field visits with the Phantome 4 UAV equipment. An experimental site was considered an HNV grassland located in Brădişoru de Jos (ATU Oraviţa) which has an area of 391 ha. In the study area the vegetation is mosaic, the grassland being fragmented by hedges, forest curtains and trees in clumps that will be excluded from fertilization. The usable area for fodder at the level of 2020 was 265.41 ha, but in the absence of cleaning works in the coming years, there is a risk of substantial reductions. The proposed optimization model is finally presented in the form of a “coverage” map that indicates both the required quantity, differentiated according to the vegetation characteristics suggested by NDVI, and the spatial location of these quantities on subzones. Thus, on an area of 60.73 ha, 4 t.ha-1 of manure are required, on 94.66 ha it is necessary to administer 5 t.ha-1 of manure, and on an area of 110.02 ha, where the vegetation of the grassland suffers, it is necessary to administer 8 t.ha-1 of cattle manure. The major advantage of this model is that the user can import, on different devices (phone, tablet or laptop) vector files with plot outline or GPS points for location, can differentiate the dose of fertilizer on the surface of the plot, under specific conditions and has at its disposal the map with the "location" of the different quantities of fertilizers.
GENUS PAULOWNIA: VERSATILE WOODSPECIES WITH MULTIPLE USES - A REVIEW
Authors: Marian COSTEA  , Marcel DANCI  , Sorin CIULCA  , Radu SUMALAN
Published: December 2022

Short-rotation plantations for wood biomass production are systems in which different, fast-growing forest species are grown in intensive agricultural technologies to achieve high biomass yields. The genus paulownia comprises very fast-growing tree species, mainly used in biomass production for energy purposes, but not only. The biomass produced by this plant is used in its entirety; as heating material, industrial, ecological and decorative wood, protection of soil erosion, phytoremediation of polluted soils, air purification, animal feed, pharmaceutical industry, melifer, etc. Among the most promising applications are the production of biopolymers and bioethanol derived from cellulose. The proper cultivation and use of paulownia species contribute to maintaining ecological balance and nature conservation. The main objective of the paper was to carry out a careful and detailed analysis of the specific scientific literature describing their main characteristics and practical applicability to the different species of the genus Paulownia. The paper also examines the importance of cultivating paulownia species under conditions of economic viability while ensuring the maintenance of biodiversity and the protection of ecosystems.
STUDY OF THE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOME MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS IN A COLLECTION OF AUTUMN OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.) GENOTYPES
Authors: Emilian MADOȘĂ  , Sorin CIULCA  , Lavinia SASU  , Adriana CIULCA  , Sorina POPESCU
Published: December 2022

The aim of the research was to study the correlations between the main morphological characters pursued in the autumn oat breeding programs. The study was conducted over three years, in field conditions, the observations being made by bioemetric measurements on the plant height and the morphological components of the plant productivity. The biological material consisted of 73 winter oats genotypes, the experimental data being collected from all genotypes. The interpretation of the results was made by establishing the correlation coefficients, the analysis of the variance of multiple regression and establishing the “path” coefficients. The studies show that the height of the plant is in a linear relationship with the other characters except for the length of the panicle and the number of grains in the panicle. The number of fertile tillers does not correlate with the components of the panicle. The number and weight grains in the main panicle, the weight of the grains in the secondary panicles and the weight of the grains per plant are in a very significant positive correlation. Approximately 81.04% of the main panicle production is due to the number of grains in the panicle. The analysis of variance for multiple regressions shows that 92.65% of the variability of grain weight per plant is due to the influence of other characters. The highest contributions are presented by the weight of the grains in the secondary panicles (44.45%), the weight of the grains in the main panicle (42.27%), the number of grains in the main panicle (9.26%). According to the “path” coefficients, the weight of the grains on the plant is influenced by the weight of the grains in the secondary panicles (P = 0.743) and the weight of the grains in the main panicle (P = 0.416), but very little by the other characters.
OPTIMIZATION OF FOOD RATIONS USED FOR THE PRE-DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPECIES ACIPENSER BAERII (J.F. BRANDT, 1869) IN RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEM
Authors: Veta NISTOR  , Elena BOCIOC SÎRBU  , Floricel Maricel DIMA  , Neculai PATRICHE  , Liliana Blondina ATHANASOPOULOS  , Magdalena TENCIU  , Maricel Daniel POPA
Published: December 2022

Sturgeon farming is practiced in rearing systems with different types of fresh water, such as surface water, depth water (including geothermal water) and industrial water. If at the beginning of twentieth century sturgeon farming was successfully applied in ponds, nowadays, with the need for quantitative and qualitative productions imposed by the principles of economic viability in the context of ensuring the norms of the European Union, high intensity recirculating rearing systems have been developed. Nutrition plays a central role in sustainable aquaculture and, as a result, research on food resources as well as production costs continues to dominate aquaculture worldwide. According to literature, sturgeon fingerlings with a length of 2,5 – 12,5 cm require a daily ration of 5 - 7% of body weight per day. The optimization of feeding rations for Acipenser baerii related to the pre-development stage in a recirculating aquaculture system was carried out accordingly by following the biotechnological indicators (especially the growth increase) which indicate a favourable growth rate of the biomass.
PHENOTYPIC RESPONSE OF CORN GENOTYPES TO DIFFERENT AGROTECHNICAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Andreea ONA  , Andrei VARGA  , Leon MUNTEAN  , Ioana BERINDEAN  , Ionuṭ RACZ
Published: December 2022

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the highest yield crops. Brought in Romania about 300 years ago, our country comes up to the largest corn-growing states with 2.3-2.5 million hectares/year, in EU being recognized as the largest maize grower. The biological material used by Romanian farmers has different origin, thus its agronomic performance is often reduced due to the application of improper management measures. Corn grain yield has significantly increased in the hybrid era and the increase in the number of plants per unit area is suggested as one of the main contributors to yield improvement. In modern maize hybrids, field yield increases with plant density until a maximum population is reached, according to the growing environment and after this maximum, field yield declines. Plant density in farmer’s field is considered a very important stress factor, since competition between different plant species or between different maize hybrids is very strong and reaction of the genotype to this competition can influence yield potential. Four commercial hybrids were studied at four different sowing densities. Greatest grain yields were recorded at the highest sowing densities. Three of the studied hybrids reach the highest yield at the 90,000 pl ha-1 and one at 80,000 pl density. Ear weight is directly affected by the plant density for all the studied hybrids, causing a decrease of this character with the progressive increase of plant density, reaching values between 148.17 g on the first hybrid at 90,000 plants ha-1 and 213.16 on fourth hybrid at 60,000 plants density. Ear length touched values between 15.08 cm at the fourth hybrid by 90,000 plants ha-1 to 19.27 cm for third hybrid at 60,000 plants ha-1. As a main yield component, weight of grains per ear is also influenced by increasing of plant density. The lowest grains yield / maize ear was on Hybrid 1 at 90,000 pl ha-1 (129.26 g) and the biggest value was recorded on Hybrid 4 at 60,000 plants density (197.30 g). The values of yield efficiency (~ 90%) suggest the superior genetic value of the studied maize hybrids even in increasing plant competition conditions.
THE IMPACT OF THE GRASSLANDS FERTILIZATION. CASE STUDY –FERTILISATION IN THE LOWER PLAIN OF BANAT ROMANIA
Authors: Ionel SAMFIRA  , Andreea Miclau  , Ramona Loredana TOPORAN
Published: December 2022

In the case of meadows, it is very important to correlate the productive capacity (given by the rating notes) and the correct animal load. Thus, the rating notes indicate the average potential in the current state of exploitation and conservation of soils, potential that can be improved considering the fact that some indicators such as reaction, humus reserve, and porosity are properties that in case of applying measures that widen the area. Manifestation of them as well as of other properties of the environmental factors taken in the calculation of the rating notes. The detailed knowledge of the factors that contribute to the increase or decrease of the production capacity of each part of the territory can ensure for the decision maker an effective tool for choosing working procedures that favor an efficient use of land resources. Nutrient-rich grasslands are dominated by fast-growing species, and nutrient-poor grasslands are dominated by slow-growing conservative species. Traditionally managed grasslands have been widely used in mowing and grazing and have hardly received artificial fertilizers, providing a wide range of habitats that support high biological diversity. But due to the intensive management of pastures, the high intake of nutrients and the increased frequency of defoliation, on the one hand, and the abandonment of marginal pastures, on the other hand, the biodiversity of grasslands has suffered a dramatic decline in recent years. Human activities have significantly altered the availability of nitrogen (N) in most terrestrial ecosystems, with consequences for community composition and ecosystem functioning.
SEED PATHOGENS INCIDENCE IN EIGHT MAIZE HYBRIDS (Zea mays L.) CULTIVATED IN TRANSYLVANIAN PLAIN
Authors: Alexandra Loredana SUCIU  , Alin Cosmin CHIȘ  , Gabriel BARȘON  , Adina TĂRĂU  , Adriana MOREA  , Alin BARB  , Ioana CRIȘAN
Published: December 2022

Maize is one of the most cultivated cereals worldwide and in Romania. Phytosanitary condition of maize seeds can affect the quantity and quality of the yield, while infected or contaminated grains pose a concern for human and animal health. Most industries have threshold standards and quality specifications of maize gains, due to safety reasons. Aim of this study was to screen seeds from maize crops growing in Transylvanian Plain, for germination and fungal infection incidence. Eight hybrids from several breeders: ARDS Turda (Turda 200, Turda 201, Turda Favorit), Dekalb (DKC 3939), Pioneer (P9357, P9241), Caussade (Basmati CS, Portile CS) are among the most cultivated by Romanian farmers in local conditions, and for this reason were tested by blotter paper method for seed mycosis susceptibility. Thirty seeds in three replicates were placed for germination for each variant. Determinations were conducted after four days of incubation. Results indicated that average germination rate was 95.62% and average infection of maize seeds was 27.81%. Microscopic analysis revealed that on average Cladosporium sp. accounted for 21.41% infected seeds, Fusarium sp. for 5.75% and Penicillium sp. for 7.43%. Because control of the fungal disease through agronomic and chemical approaches can increase the production cost or can range in effectiveness, achieving genetic resistance seems the most promising approach and more efforts shall be directed towards this aspect.
RESEARCH REGARDING THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS FOR THE GROWTH OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, IN THE CONDITIONS OF CURRENT CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: George TOADER  , Daniela TRIFAN  , Emanuela LUNGU  , Alin Ionel GHIORGHE  , Viorica BERCEA  , Leonard ILIE
Published: December 2022

Soil is the main component of agricultural ecosystems and for the growth and development of humans and animals, this being the most important component in the process of food production for humans and animals. Climate change from recent times as well as excessive chemicalization on agricultural crops have led to the phenomenon of soil degradation, namely its acidification. Soil acidification has led to a degradation of beneficial processes in soil and plants but especially to the decrease in agricultural productivity and, implicitly, the decrease in the amount of food for humans and animals. The present paper want to present a new type of fertilization technologies, the fertilization products based on live bacterial cultures. This paper highlighted the effect of live bacterial cultures used as biological fertilizer on agricultural crops in research and development stations for agriculture in Romania. Three living bacterial cultures (Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum lipoferum and Bacillus megaterium) were used as materials and observation methods, soil monitoring methods (the amount of nutrients in the soil), methods of monitoring crops (crop phenophases) were used as research methods. , methods for monitoring pedo-climatic factors (temperature, precipitation etc.). The results obtained within the two groups showed a series of differences that were much more visible in the fertilized group with the three live bacterial cultures (compared to the chemically fertilized group). The most important aspect (like as results) that made the difference between the two batches was the production, the production of the fertilized batch with the three living bacterial cultures being higher than the chemically fertilized batch.
PREPARATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL REGISTER BASED ON UAV TECHNOLOGY AND GIS TECHNIQUES. CASE STUDY
Authors: Ciprian Călin BUZNA  , Mihai TABĂRĂ  , Cristian Iosif ŞANDOR  , Petru RAIN
Published: December 2022

In the agricultural field and especially in precision agriculture, drones can be used for various activities such as: monitoring crop health, identifying diseases and pests, monitoring irrigation equipment, generating images underlying the determination of fertilization doses, monitoring livestock. From high spatial resolution aerial images, but also from three-dimensional digital models can be extracted information particularly useful for inventory of natural resources, monitoring of risk phenomena, complex territorial analysis or mapping and representation of the territory. In this context, the aim of the study is to create a complex agricultural register for experimental sites, by applying a modern working methodology that includes high-precision data acquired through UAV technology and processed in the GIS environment. The working methodology involved: locating the area of interest; data acquisition with DJI Phantom 4 Pro UAV equipment; extracting information in vector format, in the AutoCAD Map 3D 2016 software and processing data in the GIS environment - in this stage the descriptive database was created and the cartographic materials were generated. The resulting agricultural register provides a true picture of the reality on the ground but also an important volume of descriptive data associated with each entity in the experimental site. Geospatial data obtained through UAV and GIS techniques can be integrated into studies or analyzes together with other environmental data (climatic, pedological, geological, socio-economic data) and can be a support in making management or organization decisions.
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE ANALYSIS OF ARABLE LAND AND GRASSLANDS FROM THE TIMIS PLAIN
Authors: Cristian BOSTAN  , Luminiţa COJOCARIU  , Loredana COPĂCEAN  , Adina HORABLAGA  , Alina AGAPIE  , Petru RAIN  , Otilia COTUNA
Published: December 2022

In Romania, the diversity and specificity of the pedoclimatic systems (in approximately equal proportions - plain, hill, mountain) and the historical and socio-economic particularities generated a land fund structure dominated by the share of agricultural lands (over 61%), being present in all relief units. Romania is one of the European countries with important land resources, per capita returning 0.68 ha of agricultural land and 0.43 ha of arable land. In the last 30 years, in Banat and not only, under the impact of socio-economic, political and natural factors, there have been significant changes in the structure of land use. The general trend was to increase agricultural land and built at the expense of forests and natural grasslands. This paper aimed to make an empirical analysis of land use categories in the Timiş Plain, focusing on grasslands and arable land, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the 2018 Corine Land Cover database. The experimental site is constituted in the form of a transect formed by five territorial administrative units (Lovrin ATU, Cenei ATU, Peciu Nou ATU, Pădureni ATU and Moşniţa Nouă ATU), representative for the geographical unit of which they are part, respectively Timiş Plain. The relief conditions, as well as the geographical position of the analyzed territory, are reflected in the land use and the agricultural activities carried out. The five ATUs analyzed have a significant agricultural potential, characterized by large areas of covered arable land, mostly fertile soils, which allow crop diversification. The area has agricultural potential, the market access being an important factor of development in terms of livestock growth, even if the grassland areas are small. Filling with fodder is made from fodder crops and arable sown grasslands (complex crops).
BEHAVIOR OF SOME LEGUMES SPECIES IN COMPLEX FORAGE MIXTURES
Authors: Dorin RECHIŢEAN  , Isabela Ildiko RECHIŢEAN
Published: December 2022

Human pressure on ecosystems, through economic or other activities, has a negative impact on ecosystem biodiversity, soil and water quality. Solutions are being sought worldwide to obtain food for humans but also for their animals, without further demanding the productivity and biodiversity of ecosystems. Crop systems based on mixtures of species with legumes, carefully designed, ensure the maximization of economic and environmental benefits. The present paper aimed to make an analysis of the behavior of perennial legumes (Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens, Trifolium pratense) in complex mixtures, in the Banat Plain. From the analysis of eight complex mixtures with perennial legumes in various variants and proportions of participation, it follows that they behave differently in mixtures in the three experimental years, under the given conditions. Medicago sativa retains the proportion of participation with which it entered the mixture in the first year of culture. In the second year it reduces its participation in mixtures by 5%, and in the third year of culture by another 5%, in most of the studied mixtures. The red clover (Trifolium pratense) retains the proportion of participation with which it entered the mix in the first year of cultivation but undergoes changes in both the second and third year (2020). Thus, it reduced its participation in the M4 and M8 mixture by 5 percent in the second year of cultivation and recorded an increase of 4 percent in the M3 mixture. White clover (Trifolium repens) has a different behavior in mixtures compared to the other two perennial legumes. In the first year of cultivation it retains its proportion in the mixture. In the second year (2019) it increases its proportion in the mixture by 5% in the mixtures M3 and M6 and keeps its proportion in M7. In the third year it increases its participation by five percent in the M6 mixture and decreases the proportion of participation by 10% in the M7 mixture. The increase and decrease of the proportion in the mixtures is attributed to competition between species for food, water, light and crop management. To select a mixture, the grower should first determine the benefits he expects. The cultivation of these mixtures could bring significant increases in production and therefore economic profitability.
MODEL FOR ESTIMATING OF SOME SHOOTS BIOMETRIC PARAMETERS IN THE CASE OF WOODY SPECIES
Authors: Simona ROSU  , Mihai Valentin HERBEI  , Florin SALA
Published: December 2022

The present study evaluated the relationship between dimensional parameters of annual growth of shoots in woody species. The biological material was represented by the species Tilia cordata L., from the area of the Cenad Forest Protected Area, Timis County, Romania. The length of the internodes (IL) and the diameter of the internodes (ID) were determined in relation to the position of the internodes on the shoot (IP). The length of the internodes (IL), in relation to their position on the shoot, was described by a polynomial equation of degree 3, in statistical safety conditions, according to R2 = 0.832, p = 0.00014. The diameter of the internodes (ID), in relation to their position on the shoot (IP), was described by a polynomial equation of degree 2, in statistical safety conditions, according to R2 = 0.982, p <0.001. Within PCA, PC1 explained 63.002% of variance, and PC2 explained 36.998% of variance. Cluster Analysis led to the grouping of internodes based on Euclidean distances, in relation to the values of IL and ID parameters, in statistical safety conditions (Coph. Corr = 0.913). The highest degree of similarity was found in the case of internodes I7 and I8, in which case SDI = 0.2786. The regression analysis facilitated the obtaining of an equation that described the variation of the internode diameter (ID) in relation to the internode position (IP) and internode length (IL) analyzed simultaneously, in statistical safety conditions according to R2 = 0.995, p <0.001. 3D and isoquant models were obtained to represent the ID variation in relation to IP and IL. From the comparative analysis of the real data and the graphical representation of the models from the obtained equations, deviations of the ID values were found in the case of internodes I6, I7, I8 and I9 from the theoretical model. This can be associated with certain stress conditions generated by vegetation factors during the formation of the respective internodes. The approach can be extended to other arboreal or fruit species of economic interest.
EXTERIORIZATION OF QUANTITATIVE TRAITS WITH INFLUENCE ON FORAGE YIELD IN ITALIAN RYEGRASS
Authors: Cristian BOSTAN  , Luminiţa COJOCARIU  , Dorin RĂCHIŢEAN  , Alina AGAPIE  , Adina HORABLAGA  , Loredana COPĂCEAN  , Despina-Maria BORDEAN  , Neli TODEA  , Nicolae Marinel  HORABLAGA
Published: December 2022

The spread of Italian ryegrass culture worldwide is due to its large yield capacity, superior feed quality and the fact that it is an ideal blending partner. The Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Is a very valuable forage plant with wide possibilities of use in animal feed (green mass, hay, silo) and has a very high capacity to adapt to different types of soils and climates. In this context, the aim of this research is to evaluate the differences between the growth traits and productivity of three varieties of Lolium multiflorum Lam. var. Westerwoldicum, sown in autumn in an area with cold winters. Two alternative tetraploid varieties (Linos and Ivan) and an alternative diploid variety - Sprint (Catalogo-zanandrea-sementi-en.pdf), recommended for green mass and silo, were used as biological material. In order to evaluate the three varieties, the basic green mass feed yield elements (number of tillers, their height and the weight of the bunch) and the green mass yield at the first harvest were taken into account. The results of the research show that the Linos variety recorded the highest weight of the bunch based on the large number of tiller and the height of the tillers. The variations are much larger between the Linos and Ivan varieties based on the number of tillers. The green mass yields of the three Italian ryegrass varieties studied are directly influenced by the values of the yield / bunch traits. Thus, the largest yield of green mass at the first harvest, of 28.9 t.ha-1, was also registered for the Linos variety. This study has a special practical importance, bringing a plus in the technology of cultivation of Italian ryegrass sown in autumn in the conditions of cold winters.
SOIL CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON THE AGROCHEMICAL INDICES IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST LAND CONDITIONS
Authors: ROSU Simona , SALA Florin
Published: December 2022

The study comparatively analyzed the variability of some agrochemical indices related to agricultural and forest land, in the area of the “Cenad Forest Protected Area”, Timis County, Romania. Within the agrochemical indices, the soil reaction (pH), total nitrogen content (TN %), phosphorus content (P, ppm), potassium content (K, ppm), calcium content (Ca, ppm) and magnesium content (Mg, ppm) were determined. The ANOVA test confirmed the presence of the variance and the statistical safety of the data (F> Fcrit, p <0.001; Alpha = 0.001). The correlation analysis showed some correlations and their statistical significance between TN and pH (r = -0.993**), between K and pH (r = -0.963*), between Ca and pH (r = 0.963*), and between K and TN (r = 0.974*). The variation of the mineral elements was described by polynomial equations, in different conditions of statistical safety: TN variation in relation to the soil reaction (pH) in conditions of R2 = 0.986, p = 0.117; variation of potassium (K) in relation to the soil reaction (pH) under conditions of R2 = 0.993, p = 0.080; variation of calcium (Ca) in relation to soil reaction (pH) under conditions of R2 = 0.978, p = 0.147; variation K in relation to TN under conditions of R2 = 0.997, p = 0.0531. Based on the coefficient of variation, the agrochemical indices presented differentiated values, CVTN = 50.4183, CVCa = 40.0339, CVK = 22.9719, CVP = 21.9803, CVMg = 12.0496, CVpH = 3.1064. In the PCA, correlation matrix, PC1 explained 71.422% of variance, and PC2 applied 26.357% of variance. The regression analysis evaluated the variation of P in relation to the soil pH and the Ca content, respectively the Mg content and found models in the form of equations, as well as 3D graphic and in the form of isoquants models. From the analysis of the 3D models of variation of P in relation to the considered indices, it was found differentiated situations, respectively the decrease of the P availability in relation to Ca and the increase of the P availability in relation to Mg, at the same pH range.
THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CONDITIONS ON THE PHENOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE AUTUMN OAT CROP
Authors: RUJA Alina , GORINOIU Gabriela , SUHAI Karina Roberta , AGAPIE Alina Laura , SALA Florin , ISTRATE – SCHILLER Christianna - Maria
Published: December 2022

In recent years, more and more research has been carried out on cereal crops in the context of climate change, as many of the scenarios predict a frequent and severe drought in the coming years for all crops, and thus, climate dependence requires a series of research for the efficient use of water. This study aims to demonstrate the influence of Lovrin's climatic conditions, resulting in different phenological features for autumn oat genotypes. Setter T. L. argues that in addition to the stages of development and the severity of stress, the effects of water deficit on cereals depended on soil type, environmental conditions; Banyai J., adds cultivated varieties or species and also Yang J. Specifies the cultivation technologies used. Thus, direct observations were made to describe the vegetation period of genotypes in the comparative competition culture of the autumn oats culture. So, we wrote down each phenological station using decimal codes for the growth and development of cereals according to those indicated by Chan and Konzak in 1974. In this paper, we have highlighted just a few more important phenophases to discuss the impact of Lovrin's climate conditions on differences in vegetation between genotypes. According to the climate data from Lovrin, we note the existence of differences in precipitation, respectively in the 2019-2020 agricultural year a deficit of precipitation (-49.2 mm) is observed, while in the 2020-2021 agricultural year we have values of +78 mm. As for the situation in the case of thermal conditions, in the agricultural year 2019-2020 there is a difference of 0,2 ℃ compared to the agricultural year 2020-2021.Following this study, we concluded that the effect of precipitation has the greatest impact on the growth and development of genotypes in the comparative competition culture of autumn oats, thus in the agricultural year 2020-2021, where we noticed the total average rainfall of +78 mm we obtained a different number of days for each interval between vegetation periods. Therefore, a difference of 23 days is noted from the growth of the plant to the twinning time between the agricultural year 2019-2020 and 2020-2021because, from September 2019 to May 2020, there was an average of -4.84 mm of precipitation, and from September 2020 to May 2021 there was an average of +13.71 mm precipitation.For the interval from the bellows phase to flowering, a value of 1,4 mm of precipitation is recorded in May 2021, especially important in terms of the grain filling process. In the case of baking phenophases, the situation is different, the thermal factor was noted with an average of +2.8 in June 2021, which has as a result the optimal time to harvest when the grain moisture decreases considerably.
VARIABILITY OF SOME PARAMETERS IN THE LEAF GEOMETRY DESCRIPTION IN Solanum nigrum L.
Authors: SALA Florin , MANEA Dan
Published: December 2022

The study analyzed the variability of some foliar parameters in the description of leaf geometry in Solanum nigrum L. 50 leaves were taken from mature plants of Solanum nigrum L. from the Didactic and Experimental Resort area, BUASVM Timisoara, Timis County, Romania. Randomly, 25 leaves were taken for analysis. The length (L) and width (w) parameters of the leaves were determined. The leaves were scanned and the perimeter (Per) and scanned leaf area (SLA) were determined. The fractal geometry of the leaves was evaluated by fractal analysis, and the fractal dimension (D) was determined by the box-counting method. The mean values for the foliar parameters considered were: L=7.820±0.206, w=4.647±0.151, Per=23.273±0.686, SLA=19.266±0.968, D=1.628±0.007. Very strong correlations between SLA and D (r=0.960***) have been identified. Strong correlations were recorded between L and w (r=0.836***), between SLA and Per (r=0.839***), between D and Per (r=0.820***). Moderate correlations were recorded between Per and w (r=0.747***), between SLA and w (r=0.733***), between D and w (r=0.722***). Weak correlations were recorded between Per and L (r=0.616**), between SLA and L (r=0.570**), between D and L (r=0.615**). In all cases, the correlations presented statistical certainty (** p < .01, *** p < .001). Regression analysis facilitated the obtaining of equations that expressed the parameters variation in the description of the studied leaves geometry (p<0.001). 3D and isoquant models were obtained to describe the SLA variation in relation to L and w, and the D variation in relation to L and w, respectively in relation to L and Per. The variability of the analyzed parameters, in descending order was CVSLA=25.1231, CVw=16.2707, CVPer=14.6691, CVL=13.1813, CVD=2.2802. The fractal dimension (D) was the most stable parameter, among those analyzed, for characterizing the leaf geometry in the Solanum nigrum L., with the lowest variability and the lowest degree of values dispersion.
STUDY OF THE CORRELATION OF SOME GROWTH PARAMETERS AT DIOECIOUS HEMP
Authors: PANDA Anca Ofelia , BUZNA Ciprian , LEAHU Cosmina Alina , NEGRUȚ Georgiana
Published: December 2022

The present paper deals with the study of the correlation of some growth parameters to 10 bioecotypes of dioecious hemp (Cannabis sativa L) at A.R.D.S. Lovrin. Ten bioecotypes were studied, four of which are established varieties created at A.R.D.S. Lovrin (Lovrin-110, Silvana, Armanca și Teodora) and six perspective lines (Zak-127xLv-110, Lv-428/01, S33/08 R, Lv-434x406CS/04, S354/15, Lv-149 CS/16). From the existing biological material, the dioecious hemp variety Silvana was chosen as a control. A monofactorial experience, having as a factor the existing biological material, was placed in the field of the laboratory for the improvement of dioecious hemp. The four parameters studied and presented are: the total length of the plant, the length of the inflorescence, the technical length and the diameter of the stem of the hemp plants, parameters that were influenced by the climatic conditions of the studied years 2020-2021. Compared to the blank variant, five of the six lines of perspective stand out in terms of the superiority of the technical length of the stem, two of them with very significant positive differences, statistically provided for the probability of transgression 0,1 %.
PERFORMANCE OF THE DACTYLIS GLOMERATA L. SPECIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF A.R.D.S. LOVRIN
Authors: RECHIŢEAN Dorin , BOSTAN Cristian , ISTRATE – SCHILLER Christianna , HORABLAGA Nicolae Marinel , COJOCARIU Luminiţa , COPĂCEAN Loredana , BORDEAN Maria – Despina , BUZNA Ciprian
Published: December 2022

The Dactylis glomerata L. species is found in a  spontaneous state in the meadows of Romania. It is an essential component in the composition of simple mixtures with alfalfa and complex mixtures along with other grasses and perennial legumes. The manifestation of agrobiological characteristics in Dactylis glomerate L. is characterised by complexity and variability, influenced by technology, soil, and climatic conditions that vary inherently in space and time. The research was focused on the knowledge of the agro-biological characteristics and production capacity of the species Dactylis glomerata L. in correlation with local conditions. The research was carried out at Agricultural Research-Development Station of Lovrin and as a biological material the cock's-foot genotype LVDG1 was used, the culture has been established in the Autumn of 2020. Biometric measurements were made on the main agro-biological characters until the first scythe was harvested as a green mass feed. Research shows that all parameters analyzed have the same tred, in both experimental years, with small variations, the differences being attributed to the lack of uniformity of precipitation, the temperature not being a restrictive factor. In the case of the experimental site, the characteristics and type of variation of the decadal quantities of atmospheric precipitation, expressed by the modified Angot index (km), show that in the range of 1.01 to 31.05. 2021, the decades with a pluviometric surplus prevail, with large differences compared to the same period of 2022, which is also found in the externalization of the characters in cock's-foot. The rainfall in the year 2021 contributed to a better expression of vegetative parameters, including the production of green mass at the first scythe. Hence, in 2021 was the highest production of green mass at the first scythe of 25 t.ha -1.
A new Darwin wasp genus, Soliga (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae), from India
Authors: Ranjith A.P. , Priyadarsanan Dharma Rajan
Published: December 2022

Metopiinae is a relatively large subfamily of Darwin wasps with a cosmopolitan distribution. Species of this subfamily can be distinguished by a convex, and mostly undivided face and clypeus. Among 113 species in 24 genera of the Oriental region, only 24 species in eight genera are reported from India. Here, we describe and illustrate a new genus, Soliga, based on collections made from the Western Ghats and Eastern Himalayas, two important biodiversity hotspots. The combination of absence of epicnemial carina on dorsolateral part of mesopleuron, absence of propodeal carinae and dorsal carinae of first metasomal tergite differentiates the new genus from other metopiine genera. An illustrated key to the Indo-Australian metopiine genera is provided along with comments on new generic placement and character variability of metopiines.
Entre “Dois Mundos”: A Experiência Vivida do Sujeito CODA
Authors: Oliveira Ana Rebeca Medeiros Nunes , Joca Terezinha Teixeira , Munguba Marilene Calderaro da Silva , Bloc Lucas Guimarães
Published: December 2022

A sigla Coda foi criada para nomear os filhos ouvintes de pais surdos, uma abreviação para o termo em inglês “child of deaf adults”. São pessoas que transitam entre "dois mundos", vivendo suas experiências no mundo surdo, ao relacionar-se com a cultura e comunidade surda e comunicar-se com línguas de sinais, ao mesmo tempo que convive com costumes, povos e línguas do mundo ouvinte, e que exercem uma possível mediação cultural diante dessas comunidades. Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender o mundo vivido (Lebenswel) do sujeito Coda, que vive com características distintas, imerso no mundo ouvinte, e o mundo surdo. Este estudo é de cunho qualitativo, relevando aspectos voltados à realidade do sujeito e suas relações sociais, abordando questões culturais e identitárias. A partir do método fenomenológico, inspirado em Merleau-Ponty, no período de fevereiro a junho de 2019, foram realizadas a coleta de informações e sua análise a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro participantes Codas. A análise dos dados seguiu os seguintes passos: divisão do texto nativo; análise descritiva e “sair dos parênteses”. Foram estabelecidas como categorias para análise: a responsabilidade de ser Coda e a experiência entre os dois mundos. Entende-se que a experiência diante do mundo vivido do Coda é atravessada tanto por um lugar comum de ser Coda, quanto por uma experiência singular. Conclui-se que não há como separar a experiência do vivido do sujeito Coda em mundo ouvinte e mundo surdo, pois ele se constitui entre esses dois mundos.
Docente avatar de la in/exclusión. El gobierno de sí, autogestión y discursos de odio
Authors: Schwamberger Cintia Maria , Grinberg Silvia
Published: December 2022

Las prácticas de inclusión, hace decenios, se producen en la tensión de la in/exclusión. El presente artículo presenta, a partir de resultados de investigación cualitativa en escuelas de educación especial de la Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, una analítica de los procesos de inclusión de estudiantes con discapacidad. El objetivo de este estudio, mediante entrevistas en profundidad, se centra en la comprensión de las formas que adquiere la in/exclusión. Como hipótesis proponemos la figura del Avatar como el modo en que los docentes son llamados a ocuparse de los siempre otros devenidos sujeto y objeto de inclusión. Una analogía digital (no humana) en la que un sujeto (humano) debe garantizar el derecho a la educación mientras se vuelve parte clave de la fragilización de las democracias. Concluimos que, mientras la inclusión descansa sobre la capacidad de autogestión de los sujetos e instituciones que resulta en in/exclusión es, justamente, en su imposibilidad que se asientan los discursos del odio y los reclamos de seguridad propio de los conservadurismos del presente siglo.