bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multilateral Environmental Agreements and EU Integration of Western Balkan States (Status of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia and Croatia in Multilateral Environmental Agreements)
Authors: Todic Dragoljub
Published: April 2022

The objective of the article is to perceive relationships between the statuses of Western Balkan states (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia and Croatia) in multilateral environmental agreements and EU integration. It points to the significance of multilateral agreements and certain theoretical aspects of debates on factors which stipulate how states act when dealing with multilateral agreements. The article compares the statuses of the states within this region in terms of the most important multilateral environmental agreements (global and regional). In its conclusions, it is recognized that Croatia (which is the first country to start the EU integration process and which is currently a member of the EU) much more quickly gained the status of a contracting party to multilateral treaties, both globally and regionally. Nevertheless, it is necessary to bear in mind other circumstances of transition, and above all, differences in the level of economic development.
Implementation of the Environmental Impact Assessment and the Appropriate Assessment in Marina Developments from the Viewpoint of the Newest EU Member State
Authors: Ofak Lana
Published: April 2022

This article examines how the environmental impact assessment (EIA) pursuant to the EIA Directive and appropriate assessment pursuant to the Habitats Directive are applied to marina development in the newest EU Member State, Croatia. The analysis focuses on the screening procedures to determine whether or not to carry out an EIA and the prior assessment to ascertain whether a marina development is likely to have a significant impact on the Natura 2000 ecological network. The findings of the analysis are evaluated by comparison with the relevant case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. The article argues in favour of the implementation of the EIA and the appropriate assessment which can bring benefits for the marine environment in Croatia.
The Legalization of Unpermitted Projects in the Light of Requirements of the EIA Directive
Authors: Pchalek Marcin
Published: April 2022

The objective of the Environmental Impact Assess- ment (EIA) Directive is to select proper project alternatives with the view of minimizing and compen- sating for impacts, to ensure the best achievable state for the environment. Legalization of projects imple- mented without conducting an EIA at the relevant stage of the investment process is permissible on an exceptional basis. This paper discusses the conditions set out in this scope by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and presents a possible system for executing these conditions in administrative practice.
Climate Change and Decentralized Renewable Energy: The Role of Smart Cities
Authors: De Maio Gabriella
Published: April 2022

This article, first and foremost, aims to frame the climate change phenomenon in the international context in order to highlight the impact of public energy policies on global warming. Than the article focuses on analysing the provisions of the Directive 2018/844/ EU and the centrality foreseen in it, of energy efficiency and therefore on capturing the role of local governments in designing cities. The smart cities model, combined with the transition of electricity generation from a centralized model to a distributed one, promotes various virtuous scenarios in terms of pollution’s containment. Therefore, it would be appropriate to provide political support in terms of economic incentives, aimed to encourage the bottom-up thrust, promoting investments aimed to develop smart cities and to create new small energy producers, which represent the natural and physiological framework of the new distributed and decentralized energy model.
Selling Hydrocarbon Concessions: A Case Study of the A.P. Moller Sole Concession with Special Regards to the Transferability of Concessionary Privileges
Authors: Nielsen Rasmus Grønved
Published: April 2022

This study examines selected transferability issues arising from A.P. Moller – Maersk A/S’s (APM’s) recent sale of its Sole Concession to explore for and produce hydrocarbons. To do so, the article accounts for the motley history of the Sole Concession focusing on the tendency to resolve disputes through negotiation and agreements. It is the article’s main hypothesis that the Sole Concession and its appurtenant agreements have a hybrid legal nature. Using an integrative private–public law approach, the article analyses some of the issues related to the transferability of negotiated privileges linked to the Sole Concession. It is concluded that to fully comprehend the complexity of the Sole Concession and the transferability issues, it is necessary to draw on both private and public law norms and arguments. The conclusion is put into perspective by reference to the Continental European concept of ‘administrative contracts’.

Concessions, Concessionary Privileges, Denmark, Transferability, Negotiated Regulation, Administrative Contracts
Nord Stream 2: A Political Economic Crime Novel and Its EU Legal Consequences
Authors: Himmelreich Jörg
Published: April 2022

Hardly any other energy infrastructure project is as politically and legally controversial in the EU as Nord Stream 2, with the project company’s headquarters in Zug, to export gas from Russia through the Baltic Sea to Germany. This European infrastructure project is an excellent example of the intertwined economic, political and legal implications inherent in any such energy project in the EU single market.

Just like an exemplary model case of a European law textbook, the following article aims to give an insight into the constantly developing new architecture of European energy law in the internal gas market, together with its European policy background, by means of concrete individual questions raised by this case. To this end, it proposes to take the concrete legal questions of this case and selectively illustrate the detailed and complex nesting of European law competences of the EU with the national competences of an EU Member State, here the Federal Republic of Germany, that regulates the EU internal gas market. This article focuses on the legal regime of exemptions from the legally required competitive conditions for the EU internal gas market, which is established by the relevant EU Gas Directive 2009/73EG in its Article 36 and Article 41a and its German implementation under Article 28a and 28b EnWG (Energiewirtschaftsgesetz, i.e. Energy Industry Act). This also includes a detailed presentation of the history of amendments to these standards. Finally, it should be made clear which legal, political and ultimately also economic risks await any investor in infrastructure projects with a construction period of several years on the EU internal market should they try to push through their large-scale project unchanged during the amendment of decisive relevant legal regulations by standard-setting EU authorities and against expanding political resistance in the EU and in EU Member States. These risks affect every investor who is involved in the EU internal market.

Nord Stream 2, EU gas market, competition requirements, Russia, Gazprom, European energy security, Energy Charter Treaty, US sanctions, German Federal Network Agency, German Energy Industry Act (EnWG=Energiewirtschaftsgesetz)
Liability for Violation of Environmental Legislation in the EU
Authors: Shestak Viktor , Katsuba Sergei , Kvasnikova Tatiana , Bokov Yuri
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the ratio of the legislative mechanisms of administrative and criminal liability for violation of environmental legislation in the legal system of the European Union. Using the methods of political and legal analysis, the comparative legal method and the structure designmethod, the study examines the features of the formation and structure of EU legislative mechanisms in the field of legal regulation of liability for violations of environmental legislation. At the same time, existing problems faced by legislators from the point of view of law enforcement practice in different countries of the European Union are also considered. In the EU, considerable attention is paid to the vector of environmental protection at the supranational level, as well as to the implementation of the acquis communautaire of the environmental legislation into national legislative norms. Nevertheless, the institutions of the European Union have not yet been able to fully achieve complete uniformity with regard to the established environmental liability regime and, accordingly, overcome the difficulties associated with the effective interaction of EU legislation and the realities of national legal systems. At the same time, in European law enforcement practice, administrative measures in matters of environmental responsibility are given preference over measures of criminal responsibility. To date, as evidenced by the study, EU legislators adhere to the position regarding the assignment of criminal prosecution obligations to the national authorities, which is due to the flexibility of law enforcement measures.

environmental damage, environmental law, environmental legislation, environmental protection, environmental responsibility, European Union, supranational policy
Gas Transit Development in Europe and Beyond: In an Era of Geopolitical Influence and Climate Change Pressures
Authors: Huomo Laura , Wilby Claire
Published: April 2022

With the background of the political and geopolitical factors that determine where energy players can operate plus the complications that the pandemic has brought to operations and the change in energy demand, the article considers how to tackle gas transit development. In addition, it looks the development in light of the impact of the climate change challenge that conventional energy companies and investors are faced with and the resulting diversification needs. Lender reluctance to finance ‘dirty’ energy projects is changing the dynamics for investment. Gas is still promoted by significant industry players and lenders but as governments move towards their clean energy goals, access to funding for any non-renewable projects is looking to become more limited.

Many industry players are still of the view that a renewable track cannot be built without a parallel track of gas supply to add to the energy mix. And indeed, the European Green Deal published in December 2019 introduces new ideas for the usage of existing gas infrastructure and there are still largescale cross-border natural gas pipelines under development and construction.

The article addresses the steps that are needed to get a pipeline project from drawing board stage to implementation and operations. This is considered from a legal perspective, including looking at the ways in which to raise finance – through debt, equity and other funding sources. A focus of the article is the European Union Funding available to energy projects and how the policy is shaping the energy landscape. The upcoming regulatory changes relating to European Union financing instruments such as the Trans-European Networks for Energy Regulation (the “TEN-E”) which steers investment away from oil and gas pipelines and will offer financing opportunities for other types of smart grids and hydrogen and CO2 pipelines. It has been indicated that oil pipelines and electricity highways are to be removed as infrastructure categories and thematic areas and will no longer be suitable to be financed by the Connecting Europe Facility (“CEF”).

Gas transit geopolitical climate change EU-funding
Small Systems: Big Impacts - Examining the Concept of Microgrids from an EU Law Perspective
Authors: Behrendt Jamie
Published: April 2022

Microgrids are generally understood to be localized electricity systems in which electricity is produced and consumed by the users connected to the grid. The system is increasingly considered to be a valuable additional and alternative way of operating the electricity systems across the European Union (EU) and beyond, especially within the context of the energy transition. Yet, in the EU microgrids are not legally defined. The lack of a legal definition creates uncertainty which limits the system’s potential to allow consumers to take up a more active role in the electricity sector and diversify the energy sources within the electricity mix. This article analyses the use of microgrids from an EU law perspective, identifying the challenges that will be faced by both regulators and microgrid users. Based on an assessment regarding the purpose, size, operation modes, and supporting qualities of the microgrid, this article ultimately provides a basis for developing a legally valid definition suitable for the EU legal framework.

EU law, microgrids, decentralized electricity systems, legal regulation, energy transition
Implementing the Aarhus Convention
Authors: Yerezhepkyzy Roza , Shestak Viktor , Egorov Andrey , Sadvokassov Asset
Published: April 2022

The United Nations Economic Convention for Europe Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention) is a peremptory international treaty that enshrines the procedural public rights to access environmental information, to make decisions regarding the environment, and to protect the right to a healthy environment. However, the Russian Federation is still not a party to this Convention. The analysis of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the context of its compliance with the Aarhus Convention is carried out to identify the reasons for not ratifying this agreement. The article aims to: 1) argue the need to ratify the Aarhus Convention by the Russian Federation; 2) develop an effective legal mechanism to ensure the implementation of its provisions. By applying the conceptual method, the provisions of the Aarhus Convention were analysed, its key requirements were studied, and the fundamental role of this treaty in the field of harmonizing relations ‘human-environment’ was determined. Through the combined application of conceptual and comparative methods, an analysis of the environmental legislation of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Republic of Belarus was carried out. Through the combined application of statistical and comparative methods, the effectiveness of environmental policy in the studied states in the context of the Aarhus Convention was identified and compared. As a result of the study, the need for the ratification of the Aarhus Convention by the Russian Federation was stated along with measures proposed for Convention implementation. In addition, attention was focused on the need for a comprehensive approach to the implementation of the provisions of this Convention.

access to environmental information, access to justice, criminal liability, environmental legislation, healthy environment; international law
International Cooperation on Climate Change Mitigation: The Role of Climate Clubs
Authors: Leal-Arcas Rafael , Filis Andrew
Published: April 2022

We know the science of climate change; we know the economics of climate change; we also know the law of climate change. However, we do not know how countries may come together to cooperate on climatechange mitigation. One way of doing so successfully is by putting together the climate regime with the international trading system via the creation of climate clubs, namely the coalition of the willing. This article aims to explain that, by building climate clubs and making use of the international trading system, we can reach a better future for all. Through the lens of international trade, this article explores how smaller coalitions (so-called climate clubs) – unilateral, bilateral, plurilateral, rather than multilateral regimes – of states/non-state actors can catalyze or influence action on climate change.

The premise of this article is that global action on climate change has not been effectively implemented, as it relies on consensus from too many actors. Thus, it proposes how international trade mechanisms may be re-oriented to address climate change. The article challenges the assumptions about the existing multilateralagreement regime, and argues that reducing dependence on these multilateral mechanisms may influence greater attainment of sustainability goals (more flexible, not reliant on difficult-to-gain consensus among many actors). The article, therefore, examines the future of international regimes and how they may contribute to climate-change mitigation. Its forwardlooking orientation – how international trade can leverage climate-change mitigation – is an important and novel contribution in examining how environmental concerns can be included into international regimes. What changes will look like and how change is attained (through policy, regulations, law, agreements, incentives) may contribute to developing global- level institutional solutions for how climate-change mitigation is framed in international regimes and discourses.

The article also addresses emerging academic research into climate clubs in international climatechange mitigation institutions/regimes. The article contributes to growing discourses in global climate governance for how these arrangements and agreements should look/be designed to create real action on climate-change mitigation. Therefore, it expands on existing scholarship through taking a specific lens (international trade) and how it may contribute to mitigating climate change through coalitions (climate clubs) beyond how the existing international regime is configured.

climate clubs, minilateralism, legitimacy, multilateralism, accountability, international trade
Private Governance of Electricity Supply to End Users: The Range and Limitations of Unilateral Variation Clauses and Contractual Discretion in Commercial Electricity Supply Contracts
Authors: Hansen Ole , George Ritchie Hamish
Published: April 2022

Within the boundaries set by public regulation, the drive towards liberalized energy markets in Europe has created space for commercial contracts as a governance tool, aiming to align market activity with fundamental notions of public interest. Concurrently, contractual practice from electricity supply markets show suppliers reserve themselves the authority to change terms and conditions for business customers within the contract period. Such clauses challenge basic principles of contract law, potentially leaving business users in a regulative vacuum, where neither administrative nor contract law doctrines can be relied upon to curtail supplier discretion. Despite this, unilateral variation clauses cannot be assumed to entail an unlimited right for electricity suppliers to dictate the content of the end users obligations. This article examines the legal effect of unilateral variation clauses in commercial standard terms for electricity supply in England and Denmark. Based upon the complex regulatory patterns, and the resulting hybrid nature of contractual practices, we show how contractual discretion is restricted by standards of interpretation. These standards emerge from public law, but will also be recognized as governance structures in certain purely commercial settings.

Electricity, supply contracts, private governance, variations, authority, discretion, unfairness, interpretation, liberalization
Digital humaniora, datorisering och litteraturvetenskap i en digitaliserad värld
Authors: Berglund Karl , Jansson Oscar , Rahm Lina
Published: April 2022

De senaste decennierna har ”digital humaniora” nämnts i otaliga sammanhang och kommit att påverka litteraturvetenskaplig utbildning och forskning – trots att begreppets innebörd alltjämt är omdebatterad. Är det en ny disciplin eller specialisering av forskning och undervisning som redan bedrivs? På vilka sätt hänger digital humaniora ihop med samhällets och universitetens datorisering? Är det ett svar på hur litteraturen kan förstås i en digitaliserad värld, eller en fingervisning om litteraturvetenskapens framtid? För att reda i begreppen bjöd TFL-redaktionen in till ett panelsamtal via videolänk, av och med Karl Berglund (Uppsala universitet), Oscar Jansson (Lunds universitet) och Lina Rahm (KTH).
BONE REGENERATION IN HEALTHY AND OSTEOPOROTIC CONDITIONS. PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE.
Authors: Liatsou Dimitra , Dereka Xanthippi
Published: April 2022

Introduction Osteoporosis is one of the most common skeletal disorders affecting a significant percentage of people worldwide. Research data suggested that systemic diseases such as osteoporosis could act as risk factors for bone regeneration, jeopardizing the healing process and thus the predictability of bone regenerative techniques on compromised patients. The use of titanium dental implants is considered a successful and largely predictable treatment option for partial/full edentulism. However, a prerequisite for the successful implant placement in the prosthodontally ideal driven position is a minimum amount of bone at the recipient site. It is well accepted that preclinical studies in experimental models simulating healthy and systemic conditions, are one of the most important stages in the research of new biomaterials and therapeutic modalities. Aim and Methods The aim of this study is to review the potential effect of osteoporosis on guided bone regeneration in healthy and osteoporotic-like conditions in preclinical models. Material and Methods Literature search was conducted in MEDLINE and PUBMED up to March 2022. Results Research data showed significant new bone apposition in the defect sites, although a trend for less bone formation of lower quality was observed in osteoporotic compared to healthy conditions. Conclusion Evidence suggested that low level of estrogen might negatively affect the biological process of bone grafts/substitutes integration. Preclinical studies provide the possibility of better understanding the underlying mechanism of bone regeneration in compromised conditions. It is important to emphasize that optimization of these models, simulating healthy and systemic conditions, is important for future research.
Levels of Enjoyment in Class Are Closely Related to Improved English Proficiency
Authors: Inada Takako
Published: April 2022

This study investigated the factors, such as students’ foreign language enjoyment, their foreign language classroom anxiety, the teacher’s language choice (English-only instruction versus English instruction with limited legitimate Japanese support), and demographics that affect improvement in English proficiency in EFL communicative classes. Ninety-three college students in Japan participated in this research, for which they completed a questionnaire after the seventh lesson of 14 total lessons during a semester. In addition to t-tests, a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed using the dependent variable of the change in every student’s scores between the midterm and the final examination and six independent variables: age, gender, nationality, the teacher’s language choice, anxiety levels, and enjoyment levels. The results reveal that higher levels of enjoyment in class are significantly correlated with improvement in students’ English proficiency. The present study suggests that enjoyment levels, instead of anxiety levels, affect improvement in students’ English proficiency regardless of teachers’ language choices. Therefore, it is important for teachers to provide classes that are enjoyable for students by motivating and providing the students with activities in which they will succeed, thereby ensuring their self-confidence.

 
WARISAN BUDAYA KOPI SEKANAK KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Yayan Mardianah
Published: April 2022

This article discusses about Kopi Sekanak tradition. This research is a qualitative research with oral history method. Data collected through interviews and literature study. The result shows that Kopi Sekanak is the heritage from Melayu royal government in the past. There are local wisdom in Kopi Sekanak which is described in this article. Kopi Sekanak also include in intangible cultural heritage category.
REPRESENTATION OF FEMALES IN “MULAN” BY DISNEY
Authors: Raisa Amanda Putri  , Clara Kalyana Ayusya  , Irma Rasita Gloria Barus
Published: April 2022

One of the most memorable films from our childhood would be "Mulan" by Disney. When most of the Disney princesses show us the glamour, the elegance of being a princess, “Mulan” shows us something else, like a battlefield, army, war, and lots of other things that may sound new and fresh from a child's perspective. People watch Mulan on her journey to become China's saviour. Ignoring the line that separates a man from a woman she kept her head up and worked hard to become the perfect soldier for her land. Despite showing her capability in fight and strategies to help her comrades survive the battlefield, she still faces rejection and anger when people around her find out that she is a woman. But she still tries her best to save the country by protecting China's emperor when he faces life and death situations caused by the enemies. Her success caused a lot of people to acknowledge her power as a woman and praise her. This paper will study the female representation of “Mulan”. A qualitative method will be used to conduct this study to show educational values in “Mulan” by Disney.
MELATIH REGULASI EMOSI PADA ANAK PRA SEKOLAH DENGAN BERMAIN: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Desi Sukma Puspita Sari
Published: April 2022

Emotion regulation plays a role in modulating the expression of emotions (positive and negative) in interacting with others according to social rules. Individuals who have good emotional regulation skills are able to see, evaluate, modify emotional reactions, are able to relieve and regulate the emergence of negative emotions. In preschoolers, the ability to regulate emotions is strongly influenced by the surrounding environment, namely the home and school environment. One method to train preschool children's emotional regulation is by playing. This writing is library research which is presented descriptively through several relevant literatures. The results of the review show that there are several methods used to train emotion regulation in preschoolers.
La centralidad de la conciliación trabajo y familia en la calidad del empleo en Chile: nuevos aportes metodológicos y empíricos
Authors: Armijo Lorena , Ananías Rubén , Román Helena , Caro Pamela
Published: April 2022

Este artículo analiza el efecto del sexo, el cuidado exclusivo y las necesidades de conciliación en la calidad del empleo global y en sus dimensiones objetivas y subjetivas. A partir de datos de la Encuesta nacional de empleo, trabajo, salud y calidad de vida de los trabajadores y trabajadoras en Chile 2009-2010 (ENETS), elaboramos índices multidimensionales de calidad del empleo válidos y confiables. Las estimaciones del modelo indican que ser mujer, cuidador único y con necesidades de conciliación tiene efectos negativos sobre la calidad del empleo, pero con intensidades distintas. Además, los factores personales y laborales otorgan heterogeneidad a la medición de las dimensiones objetivas y subjetivas, lo que evidencia la importancia de una medición diferenciada.
Pengaruh Pemberian Holothuria Scabra Terhadap Kadar Docosahexaenoic Acid Pada Air Susu Ibu Dengan Persalinan Preterm
Authors: Afrianty Iis , Eka Saputri Yuniarti
Published: April 2022

Bayi preterm membutuhkan Air Susu Ibu (ASI) dengan kadar Docoxahexaenoic Acid (DHA) yang lebih tinggi untuk mengimbangi kekurangan DHA yang dapat mengurangi resiko gangguan inflamasi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian Holothuria scabra terhadap kadar DHA pada ASI dengan persalinan preterm. Jenis penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan pre-posttest with control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ibu postpartum dengan persalinan preterm sebanyak 40 orang yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Ibu postpartum yang diberikan kapsul Holothuria scabra adalah kelompok intervensi dan ibu postpartum yang tidak diberikan kapsul Holothuria scabra adalah kelompok kontrol. Pengambilan sampel ASI pre-test masing-masing kelompok pada hari ketujuh kemudian diambil kembali tujuh hari kemudian sebanyak 3 cc. Pemberian intervensi dilakukan selama 7 hari/sampel dengan dosis 3 kali sebanyak 2 kapsul sehari. Sampel ASI akan diperiksa dengan Human DHA ELISA kit. Analisa yang digunakan menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney dan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan kadar DHA antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dengan p-value 0,006. Setelah intervensi diperoleh rata-rata peningkatan 187.02 ug/ml pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol sebesar 7.05 ug/ml. Nilai maximum kadar DHA terdapat pada kelompok intervensi dengan nilai 1151,04 ug/ml. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelompok yang diberikan kapsul Holothuria scabra lebih efektif peningkatan kadar DHA dibandingkan tanpa diberikan kapsul Holothuria scabra. Kapsul Holothuria scabra dapat membantu mempengaruhi peningkatan kadar DHA pada ASI dengan persalinan preterm.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Pada Siswi Kelas I Smk 6 Jurusan Keperawatan
Authors: Kurniasari Evi , Budi Anas , Rizal Muhammad , Salih Adrian
Published: April 2022

Pengetahuan remaja terkait menstruasi dan seksualitas masih kurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja pada siswi kelas I jurusan kebidanan SMK 6 jurusan keperawatan. Desain penelitian Pre experimental dengan pendekatan one group pre test and post test desing. Penelitian ini, tidak ada kelompok pembanding (Kontrol) tetapi sudah dilakukan pertama (Pretest) yang memungkinkan dapat menguji perubahan yang terjadi setelah intervensi. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua siswi kelas I jurusan kebidanan SM K6 jurusan keperawatan. Penelitian memilih sampel dari semua siswi kelas I jurusan kebidanan, sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi sehingga sampel yang diambil dapat mewakili karakteristik populasi yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK 6 jurusan keperawatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember tahun 2017 Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan cara manual yang selanjutnya diolah menggunakan bantuan komputer. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK 6 jurusan keperawatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 21 sampai dengan 29 Desember 2017 di SMK6 jurursan keperawatan. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan pendidikan kesehatan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja perempuan SMK 6 jurusan keperawatan tahun 2017dengan nilai p yang bernilai 0,000 < a 0,05. Artinya dengan derajat kepercayaan sebesar 95 % yang berarti terdapat pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap terhadap tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja pada siswi kekis I jurusan kebidanan SMK 6 jurusan keperawatan tahun 2017. Diharapkan remaja perlu diberikan informasi kesehatan reproduksi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengingat fungsi organ reproduksi sangat penting bagi kesehatan diri sendiri dan berlangsungnya generasi.
Upaya Pencegahan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) dengan Kepatuhan Mengkonsumsi Tablet FE dan Asupan Makanan pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Makale Kabupaten Tana Toraja
Authors: Fatimah Jamir Andi , Erni Erni
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Gizi ibu hamil merupakan salah satu fokus perhatian kegiatan gizi masyarakat karena berdampak signifikan terhadap kondisi janin yang dikandungnya. Masalah gizi yang sering dijumpai pada ibu hamil adalah masalah Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK). Faktor penyebab langsung ibu hamil adalah konsumsi gizi yang tidak cukup dan tidak langsung adalah suplai makanan yang tidak mencukupi, pola asuh yang kurang memadai dan kesehatan lingkungan serta pelayanan kesehatan yang kurang memadai. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe (besi) dan asupan makanan dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Makale Tahun 2021. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Makale sebanyak 384 ibu hamil. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik non probability sampling dengan cara purposive sampling/judgment sampling, yaitu metode pemilihan sampel yang dilakukan berdasarkan maksud atau tujuan tertentu yang ditentukan oleh peneliti dengan jumlah sampel 80. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar angket. Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan program statistik SPSS versi 21 dengan uji Chi Square. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil (p = 0,000) dan ada hubungan antara makanan dengan kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil (p = 0,000). Kesimpulan: Kejadian KEK pada ibu hamil dipengaruhi oleh faktor kepatuhan mengkonsumsi tablet Fe (besi) dan asupan makanan.
Leveling up: A teacher’s personal journey of bringing video games into a school and classroom
Authors: McFadyen Niall
Published: April 2022

A teacher’s narrative on growing up with video games, pursuing graduate studies on gaming in education, and bringing them into school and classroom practice. #gametolearn #gamebasedlearning #edtech #schoolengagement
Storage Losses of Maize in Four Different Storage Methods in Thangrong Gewog, Mongar Dzongkhag
Authors: Dorji Karma , Wangmo Kinley , Pradhan Sujan , Rinchen Dorji
Published: April 2022

Several maize storage technologies are made available and recommended to the farmers in the villages by different agencies to reduce post-harvest losses. This study aimed to evaluate the storage losses of maize mainly to insect and fungal damages in four different storage methods for a maximum of five months storage period in Thangrong, Mongar dzongkhag (district). Freshly harvested maize was shelled, dried, weighed and stored under four different storage methods and replicated three times for each storage method. Moisture content, physiological weight loss, insect and fungal damages were the storage quality parameters assessed monthly until five months of storage. All the storage methods maintained the moisture content within the range recommended for the safe storage of maize (12-14 %). The physiological loss of weight (PLW) was the lowest at 0.10 % for the maize grain stored in super bag and the highest at 0.30 % was observed in grains stored in curing and storage shed over the four-month storage period. Traditional storage and silos resulted in PLW of 0.20 % and 0.16 %, respectively. Overall insect damage (sum for five months) of 2.54 % in the traditional storage was the highest reported among the storage methods followed by 1.79 % for grains stored in curing and storage sheds. Insect damage of 0.64 % for super bag and 0.27 % for silo stored maize grains were observed. Fungal damaged grain ranged from a low of 0.19 % for curing and storage shed to a high of 0.31 % for super bag stored maize grains. Overall storage losses (sum for five months) to insects and fungal diseases were in the range of 0.51-2.80 % with the highest being observed in traditional storage and the lowest in silo storage. All the storage methods evaluated maintained good quality maize grains with minimal damage till five months of storage. The existing improved storage technologies could help in the safe storage of maize grains if stored after proper drying. It is recommended to conduct a similar comparative study for the maize harvested and stored in the summer months and also at a different location to validate the results.
Study on Clarification of Apple Juice using Enzymes
Authors: Lhamo Sonam , Tobgay Sonam , Maya Dhan , Deki Sonam
Published: April 2022

One of the key challenges in apple juice processing is obtaining a good juice recovery and attaining a juice with good clarity. The presence of pectin and starch components inhibits the juice extraction process and leads to the formation of a cloudy haze which is undesirable in apple juice. For these purposes, maceration enzymes such as pectinase, amylase, cellulose, and hemicellulase are added both before and or after juice extraction to enhance juice recovery percentage and clarify the juice. Process parameters such as type of enzymes used, stage of enzyme addition, incubation time and temperature influence the efficiency of enzymes. The optimisation of these parameters is critically important in apple juice processing for better juice recovery and attaining the desired juice clarity. In this study, juice recovery percentage was compared amongst the control and three treatments- addition of enzyme pectinase at 0.02%, amylase at 0.02% and a combination of both at 0.01%. For the optimisation of process parameters, the type of enzymes used, stage of enzyme addition, incubation temperature, and time were studied as independent variables by comparing with the transmittance value as a dependent variable. Amylase at 0.02%, pectinase at 0.02%, and a combination of 0.01% each of both enzymes were used. The enzyme was added to the pomace and the juice. The treatments were incubated at 200C and 400C. Measurements were done after every 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours of incubation. The juice recovery percentage was not significantly different in the 3 treatments and control where the enzyme was added to the crushed apple. For clarification of apple juice, it is recommended to add the combination of 0.01% each of amylase and pectinase directly to the pomace before juice extraction and incubating the juice obtained at 400C for 24 hours.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENT’S ACHIEVEMENT IN VOCABULARY AND READING ABILITY OF THE TENTH-GRADE STUDENTS OF SMAN 1 BANGSAL
Authors: Sonya Brinda
Published: April 2022

Vocabulary and reading are the most important aspects which have to be mastered by students in the middle of their English learning in class. Moreover, those two aspects are having a correlation to enhance their achievement in English comprehension besides writing and speaking. English learning in here has become a chance for the students to learn English as their foreign language. As we know, English as a foreign language is not an easy subject  to be comprehended by students who have just learned it. Thus, students have to be more active and creative to create their own method to enhance their ability in English comprehension. This research was aimed to determine the correlation between students’ achievement in vocabulary and reading ability of the tenth-grade students at SMA 1 Bangsal. The research design was using the correlation design with the tenth-grade students as the population. When the research was conducted, the researcher only took some samples from tenth-grade students population by using the random sampling and found 75 students as the samples. Meanwhile, in collecting data process, the researcher has conducted the written test to find out the students’ achievement in vocabulary and reading ability. The data from tenth-grade students’ achievement was measured by Pearson Product Moment correlation formula, which become the analysis technique to evaluate a hypothesis concerning to the correlation between two variables that are examined statistically. The result showed that there is a significant correlation between students’ achievement in vocabulary and reading ability.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MOBILE PHONE APPLICATION TO IMPROVE GRAMMAR SKILL FOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Irham Miftakhul Jannah  , Mira Patlasari2  , Fahrur Rijal Ardiyanto
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to measure the effectiveness of using mobile application in teaching and learning grammar to university students. The application used in this research is Busuu. 28 undergraduate students participated in the study. Busuu mobile application was chosen as a tool for teaching and learning process. It has several function for teachers and students. The benefits of using busuu are, 1. The material used is arranged by users’ grade, 2. It is an interactive media, 3. Students will be evaluated by each development, 4. Easy to be accessed, 5. There is interaction with other users. The next step to monitor the students is extensive review. This qualitative research was designed as experimental research which included pre-test and post-test to measure the result of the effectiveness of using Busuu. The result of the study indicated that the mean score of participants was increased. It means that the use of mobile phone application is effective for teaching and learning process in online learning
NARODNOOSLOBODILAČKI ODBORI U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI IZMEĐU DRUGOG I TREĆEG ZASJEDANJA ZAVNOBIH-A
Authors: Sadiković Elmir
Published: April 2022

U oslobođenom Sarajevu je od 26. do 28. aprila 1945. godine održano treće i posljednje ratno zasjedanje ZAVNOBiH-a. Odlukama Trećeg zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a je zaokružena državna struktura federalne Bosne i Hercegovine, ZAVNOBiH se konstituisao u Privremenu Narodnu skupštinu Bosne i Hercegovine i donesen je Zakon o Narodnoj vladi Bosne i Hercegovine. Nakon što su odlukama Drugog zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH-a, održanog od. 30 juna do 2. jula 1944. godine u Sanskom Mostu, narodnooslobodilački odbori ozakonjeni kao lokalni organi državne vlasti, na Trećem zasjedanju ZAVNOBiH-a promijenjeni su nazivi mjesnih (lokalnih) organa državne vlasti u seoske, opštinske, gradske, sreske, okružne ili oblasne narodne odbore. Nazivi narodnooslobodilački odbori zamijenjeni su nazivom narodni odbori, što će kasnije biti potvrđeno prvim Ustavom Narodne Republike Bosne i Hercegovine iz 1946. godine. Tokom poslijeratnog razvitka njihov karakter i uloga kao organa vlasti postepeno su se mijenjali od lokalnih organa državne vlasti u administrativno-teritorijalnim jedinicama do položaja opšteg predstavničkog tijela lokalnih zajednica opština i srezova, kada su evoluirali u nove predstavničke organe – opštinske, odnosno sreske skupštine. Ustavom FNRJ i Opštim zakonom o narodnim odborima od 1946. godine narodni odbori su ozakonjeni kao osnovni organi vlasti nove državne organizacije. U radu je elaboriran proces razvoja mreže narodno - oslobodilačkih odbora između Drugog i Trećeg zasjedanja ZAVNOBiH u cjelovit sistem institucionalne organizacije državne vlasti.
ZAŠTO JE DOŠLO DO PROMJENE POLITIKE ODNOSA PREMA RELIGIJI I CRKVI NEPOSREDNO NAKON DRUGOG SVJETSKOG RATA
Authors: Cvitković Ivan
Published: April 2022

Ponešto o odnosu narodnooslobodilačkog pokreta prema religiji i religijskim zajednicama: većina pripadnika pokreta nisu bili komunisti; komunisti su bili organizatori antifašističke borbe; za što se borio NOP; politika NOF-e; uvođenje zvanja vjerskog referenta među borcima; primjeri odnosa narodnooslobodilačkog pokreta prema slobodi religije; sloboda vjeronauke; osnivanje „Vjerske komisije“… O religiji i Crkvi na Trećem zasjedanju ZAVNOBiH-a: vjerski službenici na zasjedanju; analiza diskusija u kojima se kritički osvrtalo na religiju i religijske zajednice; biranje svećenika u ZAVNOBiH. Gdje je pošlo ukrivo? Zašto je došlo do promjena odnosa prema religiji i Crkvi? Začeci netrpeljivosti: obostrani postupci (vlasti i religijskih zajednica) koji su vodili zaoštravanju odnosa. Što je smetalo religijskim zajednicama? Što je sve motiviralo vlast za promjenu politike i zaoštravanje odnosa prema religijskim zajednicama?
Quality of life in women with breast cancer under radiotherapy
Authors: da Silva Jonatas Gomes Barbosa , Costa Diogo Timóteo , Lima Cavalcanti Iago Dillion , Nogueira Mariane Cajubá de Britto Lira , de Oliveira Diego Augusto
Published: April 2022

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy treatment. Methods: The current study is a descriptive quantitative approach that seeks to identify the QOL of breast cancer patients during their radiotherapy treatment. A convenience sample of 30 women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire on Day 1 and Day 28. Results: Results showed significant differences in QOL between the two sessions. Decreases in overall health (88.33 to 61.67) and functional health (76.45 to 67.77) were noted in parallel to an increase in the scale of symptoms (13.85 for 24.62). Conclusions: The radiotherapeutic treatment impacts the QOL of patients with breast cancer. It is crucial for the nursing team to work together with a multi-professional team to adequately manage the treatment of these patients adequately
Survival of cancer patients under treatment with the palliative care team in a Brazilian hospital in São Paulo
Authors: de Camargo Júlia Drummond , Delponte Valéria , Costa Adriana Zancheta Sousa , da Silva Souza Regina Claudia
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The Karnofsky Performance Status Scale is a relevant functional evaluation instrument that can be used to determine which patients should be followed by multidisciplinary palliative care teams. Objective: To analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with performance status lower than 70%, according to the Karnofsky Scale, who received care from a palliative care team compared to those who did not receive care from a palliative care team. Methods: In this retrospective cohort, follow-up of cancer patients by the palliative care team for 10 days was considered the exposure factor, while the dependent variable was patient survival. Data were extracted from medical records and descriptive and survival curve analyses were conducted. Results: Among 581 participants in the sample, 42.5% had metastasis, and the most prevalent medical diagnosis was gastrointestinal cancer (29.1%). Fifty-one (8.7%) were followed by the palliative care team. The mortality rate during the 10 days in the sample was 10.8%, and the rate was higher (15.7%) among patients followed by the palliative care team. Conclusion: Patients with a performance status below 70% who were followed by the palliative care team had poorer clinical conditions and a shorter survival than those who were not followed up by the team. Keywords: palliative care, cancer patients, Karnofsky Performance Status, survival analysis
Thermal Manipulation of Human Bone Collagen Membrane (SoftBone) and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) Membranes
Authors: Csönge Lajos , Bozsik Ágnes , T. Bagi Zoltán , Gyuris Róbert , K. Csönge Dóra , Kónya János
Published: April 2022

Resorbable barrier membranes, including platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and collagen membranes, can play a key role in guided bone regeneration surgeries (GBR) in dentistry. A new collagen membrane made of partially decalcified allogeneic cortical bone, termed SoftBone membrane (SB), was produced by West Hungarian Regional Tissue Bank. It can be easily adapted to diverse surfaces. Fresh and freeze-dried folded-PRF membranes were compared with freeze-dried SB. Important properties of membranes were reported (moisture content, rehydration capacity, and resistance against proteolytic enzyme). The SB exhibited the best resistance against enzymatic digestion on day 21, its weight was 34% of the original. Fresh F-PRF (folded PRF) disintegrated on the 11th day, while the freeze-dried F-PRF membrane dissolved completely on day 8. The thermal manipulation of the F-PRF membrane using freeze-drying has advantages and also disadvantages in comparison to the fresh one.