bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Innovations in Steam Generation for Food Sterilization Processes: A Review
Authors: Al-Mtury Atheer Abdul Amir , Al-Shatty Sabah Malik , Al-Hilphy Asaad R. , Manzoor Muhammad Faisal
Published: February 2025

The current review aimed to identify the recent developments in sustainable steam generation and its applications in food sterilization. Fuel, gas, and coal boilers are the traditional methods for producing steam. Recently, innovative methods of steam generation include electrodes, solar, natural gas, nano-electric, biogas, biomethane boilers, and sustainable steam generation through heat pump (heat pump is an energy-efficient device that transfers heat from one location to another, typically using electricity). The calories in the 100% saturated steam are higher than steam saturation by 95%. The solar parabolic dish system includes biaxial tracking mechanism that ensures increased efficiency and useful energy production due to the increased radiation. Electrode boilers generate steam using electric current, offering simplicity, reliability, and efficiency. Nano-electric boiler boasts a high-power density, minimal carbon emissions, great physical stability, and high-power factor and electric conversion efficiency. The efficiency of natural gas, biogas and biomethane boilers ranges from 94% to 95% with an economizer. The air-source heat pump boiler provides stable system output with high energy efficiency, generating steam at temperatures exceeding 120°C. Water content below 0.01% mass is necessary for steam purity to prevent overheating. The thermal treatment of canned food should reduce bacteria levels by 12 log cycles in low-acid foods to meet safety limits. The container contains 1 spores for Clostridium botulinum for thermal treatment (sterilization) at 121°C. The process involves sterilizing materials at 121°C for 15 min, killing most heat-resistant microorganisms. The innovative steam sterilization methods aim to advance industrial uses that fulfill net-zero emissions and sustainable development goals (SDG).
Detection of Bioactive Compounds Produced by in Vitro Culture of Jojoba Plants (Simmondsia chinesi (Link) Schn.) Using GCMS and FTIR
Authors: Althuluth Aman H. A. , Suhaim Aqeel A. , Auda Murtadha S.
Published: February 2025

The jojoba tree is economically important plant due to its high contains of oil and its various industrial, commercial and medical applications. A practical experiment was carried out to determine the optimal combination of plant growth regulators affecting the response of transplanted buds to unfolding, growth and callus induction on the formed explants. The study was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture laboratory at the College of Agriculture-University of Basrah. Apical shoots were used to produce the initial callus when cultured on MS nutrient medium with combinations of plant growth regulators (0.5, 1 and 2 mg L-1 NAA and 1, 2.5 and 5 mg L-1 TDZ). The quality of the formed callus and the most important secondary compounds were analyzed using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS)and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).The MS media(murashige and skoog) supplemented with 1 mg L-1 NAA + 2.5 mg L-1 TDZ and 2 mg L-1 NAA + 5 mg L-1 TDZ was most effective for callus formation, with the short period of time and the highest percentages of callus formation and fresh weight.GC-MS analysis identified various active compounds in the jojoba plant callus. The callus tissue contained a wide range of secondary metabolic compounds, including ethylene diol, sitosterol, vaccenic acid and ethyl ester methyl mannose, which all exhibit antioxidant activity.FTIR method was integrated to the spectrophotometric system to detect characteristic peak values and functional groups. Chemical compounds included the main functional groups such as phenols, alkanes, amine salts, benzenoid and sulfoxide compounds, primary amine groups and a class of halocarbon compounds. The jojoba plant can be propagated by ex vivo under the influence of plant growth regulators, producing secondary and chemical compounds significant in industrial and medical applications.
Towards a Utilitarian Ethic for Marine Wildlife Tourism
Authors: Dobson John
Published: February 2025

Ethical issues in wildlife tourism have been the subject of increasing academic interest in recent years. This article begins by examining the issues that arise from extending moral consideration to animals through an exploration of the boundaries that can be drawn in order for a being
to be considered part of the moral community. Issues of animal suffering during wildlife tours are then explored using catch and release sport fishing and aquaria as examples. Utilitarianism (with its emphasis on consequentialism, welfare, and ensuring the greatest good for interested parties)
is then introduced and its potential to act as an ethical framework for marine wildlife tourism is considered and evaluated. The article concludes that although utilitarianism has certain weaknesses as an ethical philosophy, its consequentialist focus and its requirement that the interests
of both human and animals involved in wildlife tourism interactions are given equal consideration, can help ensure that more balanced decisions are made regarding the distribution of benefits and costs that result from marine wildlife tours.
Understanding Motivations and Expectations of Scuba Divers
Authors: Meisel-Lusby Carolin , Cottrell Stuart
Published: February 2025

This study examines scuba divers as a vital segment of the marine tourism market. To better understand scuba divers, motivation, expectations, and expectation outcomes were measured. A survey including 28 motivation statements adapted from the recreation experience preference scales
was administered to 300 divers diving with different dive operators in the Florida Keys in summer 2002. Eighteen expectation variables with outcome statements were measured in a pre- and posttest format (expectations before the trip and outcomes after the dive trip). Nonparametric tests revealed
differences between divers of different levels of development (i.e., beginning, intermediate, advanced, expert, postexpert). Beginners dove for the challenge and excitement while advanced divers dove to be with similar people, use equipment, and see shipwrecks. Findings show differences between
Boy Scouts in a youth adventure program and divers (domestic and international) diving with a regular dive shop. Scouts dove for adventure and excitement. Scouts showed the highest scores in postevent expectation variables. Implications for dive operations to improve diver preparations are
given.
Understanding Diver Motivation and Specialization for Improved Scuba Management
Authors: Bentz Julia , Lopes Fernando , Calado Helena , Dearden Philip
Published: February 2025

This study explores diver motivations in the Azores in relationship to demographic variables and level of specialization, based on a survey of 425 divers in five of the nine islands. Using cluster and principal components analysis, four diver clusters were distinguished: socializers,
shark and manta divers, biodiversity seekers, and explorer divers. Social aspects of diving were important to both generalists and specialists, and the importance of underwater fauna did not increase with specialization. Divers’ cultural background affected their motivations. the Azores
archipelago, an emerging nontropical diving destination, featuring diving with large iconic species including sharks and manta rays, has a higher proportion of specialized divers than reported in other diving destinations and may receive divers displaced from increasingly degraded tropical
reefs. Findings highlight the importance of understanding diver motivations and developing diver awareness programs at all stages of specialization, as well as an integrated management strategy.
The Value of Recreational Surfing to Society
Authors: Lazarow Neil , Miller Marc L. , Blackwell Boyd
Published: February 2025

This article comments briefly on the origins of surfing and its growth through the 20th century, discusses the growth of participation in surfing, and then uses a range of social science techniques including observed market expenditure and nonmarket valuation to describe the socioeconomic
value of surfing at various locations. The findings demonstrate the significant economic, social, and cultural importance of surfing amenity, the need to clearly articulate and measure changes in recreational amenity, and the need to consider any negative impacts on surf breaks and the natural
environment that may occur as a result of development, coastal planning, and protection works.
Personality Traits of Surf Voluntourists
Authors: Thomsen Jennifer M. , Taylor Lorraine L. , Hughes Matthew D.
Published: February 2025

Surfing is a growing international industry with an increasingly diverse participant population and infrastructure that can result in positive and negative social, ecological, and economic impacts on the surfing communities. Surfers who are seeking authentic experiences may require
travel to remote, rural, and economically impoverished areas. Many of these destinations have significant developmental needs that can be addressed via volunteering by surf tourists. As sustainability becomes an increasingly critical and pressing issue, more surf voluntourism organizations
are emerging. Yet, there have been no studies exploring the personality traits of surf voluntourists, which could be leveraged to influence the success of the programs. This research study used the HEXACO-PI-R scale to identify personality traits of surf voluntourists that can help community
and nonprofit organizations develop more effective programs for surf tourists to maximize benefits, minimize conflicts, and contribute to the sustainability of the surfing destination.
Measuring Tourist Satisfaction with Nautical Destinations: The Effects of Image, Loyalty, and Past Destination Choice
Authors: Lam-González Yen E. , León Carmelo J. , De León Javier
Published: February 2025

This article aims to analyze factors determining tourist satisfaction with nautical destinations. To this aim, survey data were collected from 255 nautical tourists visiting Cape Verde and an ordinal logit model was used. Data analysis confirms that tourists’ satisfaction increases
with the diversity and quality of the nautical and cultural offer, and the security offered by the destination, in line with previous research. As novelty, the affective feelings towards the nautical destination were also found as an important antecedent of nautical tourists’ satisfaction
conformation. The study also confirms that tourists who had been in the archipelago previously do experience a higher level of satisfaction compared with nonrepeaters. Lastly, the fact of visiting other competing nautical destinations influences the level of satisfaction of the nautical tourists
in Cape Verde, although not all previously visited destinations have the same impact. This suggests that strategies for nautical tourism development should be more attentive to establish long-lasting relationships and networking structures with some key competitors, and segment their marketing
plans according to tourists’ past destination choice. The results are of great importance for several destinations seeking to utilize the promotion of nautical activities as a key driver for tourism competitiveness and positioning improvement.
Onboard Marine Environmental Education: Whale Watching in the San Juan Islands, Washington
Authors: Andersen Melissa S. , Miller Marc L.
Published: February 2025

Marine environmental education is a powerful mechanism for shaping human conduct and for enhancing quality of life. Regulation notwithstanding, sustainable tourism depends on sustainable education. Over the last several decades, whale-watching tourism has emerged as a nature-based business
and leisure activity of significant proportions. Typically, whale watching brings together vessel operators and their crew, professional onboard naturalists or interpreters, and diverse categories of whale-watching clients or tourists. This compound interest in whales as (eco)touristic objects
has led to campaigns for living marine resource management regimes that protect whales while optimizing the whale-watching experience. Preliminary survey research of whale-watching tourists in the San Juan Islands, Washington (USA) reveals that whale-watchers’ expectations concern seeing
whales and other wildlife, along with learning about the whales and the marine environment. Whale-watchers’ evaluations of their experience confirm that onboard interpreters play two important and intertwined roles, helping to avoid disappointment if/when trip expectations are not
met. As interpreters are successful as educators, educational and ecological objectives are achieved. As they are successful as social directors, social and business objectives are achieved. Implications of theses findings will be of interest to those in the whale-watching business and other
forms of onboard tourism worldwide; those who aspire to be onboard interpreters; those who are whale watchers; and indirectly, to the whales.
A Rare Case of Adult-Onset Still's Disease Presenting with Hypercoagulability and Ocular Vasculitis
Authors: Mustofa Hadi Nugraha , Abdullah Fikri  , Surya Darma
Published: February 2025

Background: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic autoinflammatory disorder characterized by fever, arthritis, rash, and hyperferritinemia. While AOSD commonly presents with systemic and articular manifestations, it can rarely involve other organ systems, including the eye and the coagulation system.
Case presentation: We present a case of an 18-year-old male with AOSD who developed hypercoagulability and ocular vasculitis. The patient presented with high-grade fever, polyarthritis, and the characteristic salmon-pink rash. Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis, elevated inflammatory markers, and a significant elevation of serum ferritin. Imaging studies ruled out other diagnoses. During the course of his illness, the patient developed hematomas and was found to have elevated fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, suggestive of hypercoagulability. He also experienced ocular symptoms and was diagnosed with ocular vasculitis. The patient was treated with systemic corticosteroids, methotrexate, and anticoagulation therapy, which led to the resolution of his symptoms.
Conclusion: This case highlights the rare and serious complications of AOSD, including hypercoagulability and ocular vasculitis. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with these complications.
How can a European research infrastructure promote metrological aspects of food/feed and nutrition analysis?
Authors: Tsimidou Maria Z. , Ogrinc Nives , Zoani Claudia
Published: February 2025

Research infrastructures (RIs) are central to European Union (EU) policies for defragmentation of the research and innovation in all fields of science and technology providing resources, expertise, and services to address societal challenges and support evidence-based policymaking. The commentary stresses on how METROFOOD-RI, a geographically distributed RI, aims at advancing metrology in the agri-food sector with a particular emphasis on food/feed and nutrition fields. Structured according to Hub & Nodes model, METROFOOD-RI integrates physical and electronic infrastructures to provide FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) data and tools. Its activities span a comprehensive service chart covering research, information and communication technologies (ICT), and data, advisory, and educational services, as well as integrated service pipelines targeting transparency in the food chain, emerging food risks, innovative processing, and circular bioeconomy approaches. By leveraging metrology, METROFOOD-RI aims at harmonizing standards and fostering cross-border collaboration, whereas equally supports a multidisciplinary approach to tackling challenges in food systems and nutrition. The commentary highlights how this RI can contribute to the European research area priorities and United Nations sustainability goals.
Characteristics of adherent and non-adherent patients with hypertension in a Norwegian cross-sectional study
Authors: Olsen Eirik , Halvorsen Lene V. , Rognstad Stine , Aune Arleen , Brobak Karl Marius , Bergland Ola Undrum , Kjær Vibeke N. , Liestøl Knut , Solbu Marit D. , Mo Rune , Gerdts Eva , Rostrup Morten , Kjeldsen Sverre E. , Høieggen Aud , Opdal Mimi S. , Larstorp Anne Cecilie K. , Søraas Camilla L.
Published: February 2025

Aim: Non-adherence is an important cause of uncontrolled hypertension. We investigated the prevalence of non-adherence to antihypertensive medications by serum drug concentration measurements in a cohort of Norwegian patients from the general population treated for hypertension. We also identified characteristics associated with non-adherence.
Methods: Patients with hypertension using ≥ 2 antihypertensive agents were invited to participate in this national study performed in a semi-blinded fashion. Exclusion criteria were dementia, substance or alcohol abuse, pregnancy, terminal illnesses, poor Norwegian language skills, or severe kidney failure [glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2]. All patients had their antihypertensive drugs in serum analyzed by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify their adherence to the 23 most used antihypertensive agents. Additionally, they underwent a thorough standardized interview, office blood pressure (BP), and 24-hour ambulatory BP measurement.
Results: n = 1,151 patients were investigated for BP control and drug adherence. Among these, n = 79 (6.9%) patients were identified as non-adherent, and n = 1,072 (93.1%) patients were identified as adherent by pharmacologists who reviewed the drug concentrations in blood in relation to self-reported prescribed medications. We found the non-adherent patients to be younger (56.9 vs. 63.7 years, p < 0.001), with higher systolic and diastolic office BP (150.4/91.4 vs. 143.2/82.0 mmHg, p < 0.01) and less likely to be of European ethnicity (82.9% vs. 95.8%, p < 0.001). Factors associated with non-adherence in logistic regression analysis were age, number of antihypertensive pills, non-European ethnicity, and inversely the use of angiotensin receptor blockers.
Conclusions: We found fewer non-adherent patients than expected in patients on ≥ 2 antihypertensive drugs compared to previous investigations of patients on ≥ 3 antihypertensive drugs. We believe that selection at inclusion or possibly a higher confidence in physicians’ authority may be of importance. Adherence was significantly and negatively related to younger age, non-European ethnicity, and increasing number of prescribed antihypertensive pills, and positively to the type of prescribed medication, especially angiotensin receptor blocker (www.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03209154).
The contemporary trends and strategic targets of artificial intelligence development in the Russian Federation
Authors: Borodushko Irina , Matveev Alexandr
Published: February 2025

The paper describes the features of modern trends in the development of artificial intelligence as one of the most important mechanisms for the formation of information society in the Russian Federation. The planned strategic targets in the field of artificial intelligence until 2030 are assessed in terms of their achievability and the scale. The principal difference between models of intellectual decision support and other artificial intelligence technologies is presented. The most significant expected changes of intellectual decision support technologies in the management of organizational systems are determined.
Methodology of decision-making in emergency conditions based on failure tree analysis
Authors: Maksimov Alexander , Igoshin Dmitry
Published: February 2025

Decision-making problems in emergency response are usually fraught with risk and uncertainty due to limited data and a relatively large number of possible incident scenarios. These factors influence decision makers in the context of selecting a response or set of activities in emergency response. To solve this problem, we propose a methodology based on failure tree analysis, which is used to describe the logical relationships between the conditions and factors that lead to the occurrence and development of an emergency. The use of this methodology allows to consider different alternative response actions taking into account different scenarios of emergency development, to rank possible alternative actions and to choose the most effective one. A promising direction for future research is to realise the possibility of using the proposed methodology when the probabilities of the main events are in an uncertain form or are characterised by fuzzy data, which will require the use of linguistic variables in the assessment and the apparatus of fuzzy logic.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Program Pengenalan Lapangan Persekolahan (PLP) Terhadap Kesiapan Menjadi Guru Pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2020 Jurusan Pendidikan Ekonomi
Authors: Simanjuntak Juliana Rohani , Panigoro Meyko , Sudirman Sudirman , Hafid Radia , Toralawe Yulianti
Published: February 2025

This research aimed to determine the impact of implementing the School Field Introduction Program (PLP) on the readiness to become teachers among students of Class of 2020 at Department of Economics Education, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. The research approach used in this research was quantitative with descriptive methods. The data used included primary data from distributing questionnaires to students of the Department of Economics Education Class of 2020, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. The samples involved in this research were 60 respondents, whereas the data analysis used simple linear regression analysis with the help of the SPSS 21 program. The research findings revealed the presence of a positive and significant impact between the Implementation of the School Field Introduction Program (PLP) on the Readiness to Become Teachers among students of the Class of 2020 at the Department of Economics Education, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. The coefficient of determination value from the previously obtained regression model was 0.342, indicating that 34,2% of the variability in Readiness to Become Teachers was elucidated by the Implementation of the School Field Introduction Program (PLP) which was attended by Class of 2020 Students, Department of Economics Education, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. In other words, the better the Implementation of the School Field Introduction Program (PLP), the greater the Readiness to Become Teachers among students of the Class of 2020 at the Department of Economics Education, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. In the meantime, the value generated or impacted by other variabel not examined in this research was 65,8%
Penerapan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Toko Rahida Cookies Gorontalo
Authors: Pautanga Asrina A. , Hafid Radia , Bahsoan Agil , Hasiru Roy , Koniyo Rierind
Published: February 2025

The study aims to identify the implementation of financial statement preparation at Rahida Cookies Store, Gorontalo. The study employed the descriptive qualitative research mthod by utilizing primary and secondary data sources. Techniques of data collection were conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation, with data authenticity testing employing the triangulation method. Based on the findings, it indicates that Rahida Cookies Store, Gorontalo utilizies the SI APIK application from Bank Indonesia (BI) In recording the financial statement. Some transaction, such as recording receivables from customer, are manually recorded. The SI APIK application is designed based on the needs and standards of financial recording for MSMEs. Financial information is generated based on processed inputs, and the outputs obtained from the SI APIK application input include balance sheets, cash flow statements, as well as profit and loss statements. There are several challenges in the use of the SI APIK application, including loading issues due to the high number of MSME user utilizing the application.
Pengaruh Dukungan Orang Tua Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Terpadu Kelas VIII Di MTs Al-Mabrur Kecamatan Bone Raya Kabupaten Bone Bolango
Authors: Ali Miranda , Panigoro Meyko , Hafid Radia , Mahmud Melizubaida , Hasiru Roy , Tambengi Wulan Mayasari
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of parental support on student learning activities at MTs Al-Mabrur. This research employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive research method. The data used are primary data obtained from questionnaires distributed to VIII grade students. The sample size in this research consists of 34 respondents. Data analysis in this research employs Simple Linear Regression analysis with the assistance of SPSS 21 software. The results indicate that parental support positively and significantly influences student learning activities, meaning that better parental support can enhance student. learning activities. The coefficient of determination in this study is 0.376, or 37.6%, indicating that the variability in student learning activities can be explained by parental support. The remaining 62.4% is influenced by other variables not examined in this research.
Analisis Dampak Pengembangan Desa Wisata Bukit Arang Terhadap Perekonomian Masyarakat Lokal Desa Lonuo Kecamatan Tilongkabila
Authors: Aswad Yasirul Rahman , Mahmud Melizubaida , Maruwae Abdulrahim , Bumulo Frahmawati , Toralawe Yulianti , Halid Risca Marsanti
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to discover whether the development of the Bukit Arang Tourism Village can positively impact the local community”s economy and identify the supporting and inhibiting  factors of tourism development that will affect the economy of the Bukit Arang area. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with an ethnographic research design, data collection techniques include interview, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The findings showed that the development of the Bukit Arang Tourism Village contributes to the local community’s economy. It is recommended for the community and the government to optimize the Bukit Arang tourist attraction to ensure continuous develpment.
Pengaruh Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII Pada Mata Pelajaran Ips Terpadu Di Mts Muhammadiyah Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Ma'ruf Dindra , Hafid Radia , Bahsoan Agil , Mahmud Melizubaida , Dama Maya Novrita , Kasim Mamang
Published: February 2025

The research aims to determine the influence of school-based management on the learning outcomes of VIII grade students in Integrated Social Science subject at MTS Muhammadiyah Kota Gorontalo. This research employs a quantitative correlational approach with a sample size of 32 VIII Grade students. The data collection Techniques used in this research include observation. questionnaires, documentaxion and data analysis through simple linier regression. The research findings indicate a positive and significant influence of achool-based management on student learning outcomes. The coefficient of determination obtained from the regression model is 0.498 or 49.8% while the remaining 50.2% is influenced by other variabels not examined in this research.
Problematika Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 Ke Kurikulum Merdeka di SMA Negeri 1 Lolak
Authors: Dilapanga Siti Nurkarima , Hafid Radia , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah , Panigoro Meyko , Toralawe Yulianti , Polamolo Cristian , Halid Risca Marsanti
Published: February 2025

This research aims to explore the implementation of the transition from the K-13 curriculum to the emancipated (merdeka) curriculum at SMA Negeri 1 Lolak,identify the challenges encountered during this transition, and examine the efforts made to address these challenges. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with three key informants, including the principal, the vice principal of curriculum, and the economics teacher. Data collection methods used in this research include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and synthesizing findings. The findings reveal that the implementation of the emancipated curriculum at SMA Negeri 1 Lolak has been in progress for approximately two years, starting in 2022.However, there is a need for further capacity building among stakeholders to ensure a more effective and structured implementation that aligns with the intended goals .
Comorbid Tuberculosis in the Context of the Formation of a Local Epidemic Situation
Authors: Kolomiets V. M. , Polshikova N. A. , Petrov A. Yu. , Kovalenko A. L. , Alymenko M. A. , Talikova E. V.
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study was to analyze epidemiological data on tuberculosis in the Kursk region, taking into account the changing socio-economic situation in the region, as well as to study the possibilities of using remaxol in the regimens of accompanying therapy for hepatotoxic reactions in patients with tuberculosis. During the analysis of the data array, it was noted that the dynamics of infectious processes were similar to the other regions of the Russian Federation: a decrease against the background of COVID-19 and a gradual increase in morbidity in the post-pandemic period. A third of the patients included in the study were diagnosed with comorbid forms of tuberculosis, characterized by greater severity of the disease and lower effectiveness of therapy: recovery (with deregistration) was recorded in half (49.8%) of patients with monoinfection, while in patients with a comorbid course of the disease, this figure was 35%. At the same time, clinical recovery was diagnosed in 38.2% of patients with monoinfection and in 47% of patients with comorbid tuberculosis (P<0.5). The inclusion of remaxol (intravenous drip, 400 ml/day, every other day — course No. 5, then 1 time per week No. 4) in the treatment regimens for hepatotoxic reactions during the main course of treatment in patients with tuberculosis, in both monoinfection and comorbid forms, contributed to a more rapid relief of deviations in clinical and laboratory parameters and an increase in the effectiveness of treatment: 84.2% in patients with tuberculosis and 85.7% with a comorbid form of tuberculosis versus 81.9% and 83.7% in patients in the comparison group (P≤0.05).
Early medieval ethnic processes in Khorezm oasis in archaeological and written sources
Authors:   Lecturer department of history Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan, Nematov Rustam A.
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the ethnic-cultural relations between the ancient ethnic groups living in the Khorezm oasis, including the Eastern Iranian-speaking Khorezms and the Turkic tribes, their formation and development based on historical sources. Also, the influence of political structures such as the Kushan state, the Kang state, and the Turkic khanate on these processes was studied. Written sources, archeological findings, and linguistic data are widely used to illuminate the ethnogenesis processes. This study serves as an important scientific basis for understanding the multi-layered ethnic composition of the Khorezm oasis.
Accounting and tax system in small business entities
Authors:   1st year student of the Faculty of Accounting and Auditing, Nukus Innovation Institute, Uzbekistan, Omirbaevna Jamalova Sabrina
Published: February 2025

Small business entities play a vital role in economic growth; however, effective accounting and tax management are essential for their sustainability. This article explores the significance of accounting in small businesses, comparing cash and accrual accounting methods. Additionally, it discusses tax obligations, challenges in tax compliance, and best practices for financial management. By implementing accurate record-keeping, utilizing accounting software, and staying informed about tax regulations, small businesses can enhance their financial stability and ensure legal compliance. The study highlights the importance of financial literacy and professional guidance in overcoming accounting and taxation challenges.
Associations between oxidative stress and antioxidant protection system in affective-respiratory paroxysm
Authors:   “Alfraganus University” Non-State Higher Education Institution, Uzbekistan, Tajimuratovna Babajanova Umida
Published: February 2025

Affective-respiratory paroxysm (ARP) is an episodic loss of consciousness that occurs in children, and its mechanism is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the state of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense system in children with ARP. The results show that the ARP group had higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GPx) was decreased. This indicates that the imbalance between oxidative stress and the antioxidant defense system may play an important role in the development of ARP. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of antioxidant therapy in future studies.
Exploring a crucial aspect of geriatric surgery, this article delves into the pathogenesis of acute intestinal obstruction in elderly and senile patients
Authors:   Professor, MD, Head of the Department of General and Pediatric Surgery-1, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Oripovich Okhunov Alisher , Akbar D. Sapaev ,   Assistant of the Department of Surgical Diseases, Tashkent State Pediatric Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: February 2025

Pathomorphological changes in the intestine in the development of acute intestinal obstruction depend on the form of the lesion. So, in patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction, the main affected area is considered to be the strangulation area, that is, the place where the main vessels and nerves of the mesentery are compressed. Along with this, compression occurs in the intestine itself, leading to trophic disorders in this area. In contrast to the above, with obturation intestinal obstruction, the main pathological manifestations occur in the adductor part of the intestine. With the development of dynamic intestinal obstruction, the intestine does not have a specific lesion area, and all pathological processes diffuse. This review article is devoted to analysing literature on the mechanisms of development and manifestation of acute intestinal failure and the features of their manifestation in elderly and senile patients age.
Improvisational Exercises to Develop Creative Thinking Among Future Teachers
Authors:   Teacher of Andijan State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Dilafruz Mirakhmedova
Published: February 2025

The article is a study devoted to the development and application of improvisational exercises with the aim of developing creative thinking among teachers. The authors analyze the importance of creativity in the professional activities of teachers and propose a system of exercises that will help develop this important aspect. The article examines practical techniquesand techniques aimed at stimulating creative thinking through improvisation, as well as assessing their effectiveness on the basis of pedagogical experience and scientific research. The results obtained can be useful both for teachers who seek to develop their creative abilities, and for Methodists and psychologists who work in the field of education and Personality Development.
Tarefas para o Ensino de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral: uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Silva Daniele dos Santos , Gusmão Tania Cristina Rocha Silva , Souza Galvina Maria de , Lando Janice Cassia
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática das teses e dissertações brasileiras que usam tarefas no ensino de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral (CDI). O objetivo é identificar e analisar as contribuições dessas pesquisas, com foco na origem, palavras-chave, objetivos e conteúdos abordados, além de identificar lacunas para estudos futuros. O mapeamento foi feito nas bases BDTD e Catálogo de teses e Dissertações da CAPES. O corpus de análise totalizou 38 trabalhos. Os dados foram analisados usando a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin. A análise revelou que a maioria dos estudos é realizada em instituições das regiões Sul e Sudeste; lacunas significativas na dimensão emocional e na formação de professores no ensino de Cálculo e; que as derivadas foram o tema mais estudado, enquanto os limites surgiram como uma preocupação devido às dificuldades dos alunos. As sugestões de pesquisa apontam direções promissoras para futuras investigações.
Eficiencia productiva en la industria camaronera del Ecuador: Influencia de factores tecnológicos y ambientales en su Competitividad
Authors: Terreros Ponce Francisco Andrés
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la influencia de los factores tecnológicos y ambientales en la eficiencia productiva de la industria camaronera ecuatoriana, buscando identificar áreas de mejora y proponer estrategias para fortalecer su competitividad. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con enfoque descriptivo y analítico, basada en la revisión de fuentes secundarias, encuestas y entrevistas a productores y expertos del sector. Los resultados destacan la importancia de tecnologías como los alimentadores automáticos y el monitoreo de agua para optimizar la producción y reducir costos. A pesar de los desafíos por el costo de implementación y los efectos del cambio climático, se observó que prácticas sostenibles como el uso eficiente del agua y barreras ecológicas ayudan a mitigar impactos y mejorar la competitividad. Se concluye que la inversión en tecnología y sostenibilidad es clave para mantener la competitividad de Ecuador en el mercado global de camarón.
Déficit de Atención, Impulsividad e Hiperactividad y Logro de Aprendizaje en Estudiantes de una Institución Educativa de Huancavelica
Authors: Toralva Antezana Hilda Amalia , Yalli Apari Ketty Katherine , Uriol Alva Antonieta del Pilar
Published: February 2025

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el déficit de atención, impulsividad e hiperactividad y el logro de aprendizaje en el área de Desarrollo Personal, Ciudadanía y Cívica en estudiantes de una institución educativa de Huancavelica durante el año 2023. La investigación fue de tipo básico, con un nivel correlacional y un diseño descriptivo correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por 98 estudiantes de primer grado del colegio Francisca Diez Canseco de Castilla, trabajándose con una muestra censal. Se utilizó el Test ADHDT, basado en el DSM-V, para medir el déficit de atención, la impulsividad y la hiperactividad mediante 36 ítems distribuidos en tres subtests (hiperactividad, impulsividad e inatención). Para evaluar el logro de aprendizaje, se empleó la revisión documental como técnica y una matriz de registro como instrumento. Los datos se procesaron mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial, aplicándose el coeficiente Rho de Spearman para analizar la correlación entre las variables y la prueba Chi cuadrado para contrastar la hipótesis. Los resultados revelaron una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001) y moderadamente fuerte (coeficiente de contingencia = 0,606) entre ambas variables. Se concluyó que existe una asociación significativa entre el déficit de atención, impulsividad e hiperactividad y el logro de aprendizaje en el área de desarrollo personal ciudadanía y cívica.
Associationsrätt
Authors: Flodhammar Gunnar
Published: February 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Study of Comparison Heat Energy Disposal in Hollow Roof Cooling Water Tank using Natural Material
Authors: Lubis Sudirman , Napitupulu Farel H. , Abdullah Ilmi , Sitorus Tulus Burhanuddin , Abdul Karim Malik
Published: February 2025

A cooling tank functions as a heat exchanger utilising water as the working fluid material, while air facilitates water cooling through direct contact, inducing partial water evaporation. The cooled water circulates within the hollow roof, aiming to absorb heat along its path. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of four roof structures integrating composite layers to discern the most efficient and superior option. The assessment encompasses performance evaluation, thermal insulation properties, environmental resistance, heat absorption capability, energy efficiency, and economic feasibility of the composite layers applied to the roofs. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of the heat transfer rate within the hollow roof, ascertain the hourly energy discharge potential from the cooling water tank, and identify the requisite water flow to supply the hollow roof. Based on the experimentation, Roof 3 exhibited the highest room temperature, followed by Roof 1, Roof 4, and Roof 2. Ultimately, it was observed that Roof 2 possesses a superior ability to absorb heat energy from sunlight compared to other materials.
Optimization of Fused Deposition Modelling Parameters using Design of Experiments
Authors: ElKasrawy Nepal H. , El-Zoghaby Julia , El-Sayed Mahmoud Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Additive manufacturing (AM) has been proved to be a key competitor in the industrial market, as being able to adopt customizable designs with high levels of complexity. Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is currently one of the most widely used AM techniques, as it was shown to excel in terms of simplicity, cost effectiveness and time saving. A major factor, critical in enhancing any 3D print quality, is the selection of optimal process parameters. This study presents a statistical approach to optimize the manufacturing of a helical Polylactic (PLA) gear using FDM. Statistical approaches were applied to investigate the effect of layer height, infill percentage and build orientation on the printing time and material consumption was determined, on a virtually simulated model of the FDM process. Findings showed that the most significant factors influencing the print time were the layer height and percentage infill. Furthermore, it is concluded that the infill was the only significant parameter affecting the material consumption. The results of the conducted optimization study suggested that the optimum values of layer height, infill percentage and build orientation for minimum optimum print time and material consumption would be 0.25 mm, 20% and 50 degrees respectively.
Pregnancy’s Invisible Impact on Vision: Tracking Acuity and Refractive Alterations
Authors: Akram Sehrish , Ghalib Saba , Khan Muhammad Rizwan , Kazmi Syeda Aal e Zahra , Iqbal Hadia , Muhammad Ahsen
Published: February 2025

Objective: To find the impact of pregnancy on visual acuity and refractive changes.
Study design: It was a  Descriptive Hospital based study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Holy Family Hospital in Rawalpindi from from July  to December 2023.
Material and Methods: The study started on 1st July  2023. All the patients were referred to the refraction room of eye OPD of Holy Family Hospital Rawalpindi for vision. The data was collected on a specifically designed Performa. Visual impairment was calculated on the basics of auto refractometer, and subjective refraction.
Results: Results were drawn based on selected variables i.e. gender, age and pregnant women.During the observation period, 65 patients were enrolled in the study, with 60 providing positive responses and 5 opting out. Ten patients had incomplete records and did not complete the required follow-up tests. The study focused on 50 pregnant women, aged between 18 and 47, with the majority in the 28–37 age range. Vision loss was reported across various pregnancies, with a higher frequency in later pregnancies. 27 were already using glasses, and 43 exhibited a myopic shift in refractive status.
Conclusion: The results indicate a diverse pattern of visual changes and refractive errors across various age groups and pregnancy trimesters. The higher prevalence of myopia (43 cases) compared to hypermetropia (6 cases) highlights the importance of vigilant monitoring of visual health during pregnancy. The study emphasizes the necessity of thorough eye examinations throughout pregnancy, particularly during the second and third trimesters, to identify and address potential refractive errors. Timely intervention and corrective measures can help maintain the visual health of pregnant women and may reduce the risk of visual complications during and after pregnancy.
Comparison of core endurance in individuals with and without lower crossed syndrome
Authors: Chaudhary Esha , Riasat Areeka , Zahra Tehreem , Saghir Parsa , Shaukat Saman , Saeed Qurat-ul-ain
Published: February 2025

Objective: The purpose of current study was to assess the core endurance in individuals with and without lower crossed syndrome.
Study design: It was a cross sectional study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Foundation University, Islamabad from February 2023 to January 2024.
Material and Methods: This  comparative  cross-sectional study included 158 participants (aged 19-30) through purposive sampling technique. Written consent was obtained from the participants before participation. McGill’s  Core Endurance Battery was used to measure the core endurance and analysis was done using SPSS version 21.1.1
Results: This study included 158 participnts, with mean age of 21.81 ± 2.43 years. This study showed that for individuals with LCS, mean trunk flexor endurance time was 12.38±8.36 seconds, trunk extensor endurance time was 6.73±4.92 seconds. For the right lateral endurance, it was 3.89±2.61seconds and left lateral endurance test was  3.87±3.0  seconds. Whereas for individuals without LCS, mean trunk flexor endurance time was 14.67±11.69 seconds, trunk extensor endurance time was 9.35±8.62 seconds. For the right lateral endurance, it was 7.67±7.58 and 7.26±7.73for left lateral endurance.
Conclusion: This study concluded that there are significant differences regarding the measured core endurance for extensor, left lateral and right lateral endurance tests between the healthy group and the lower cross  group (p < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in flexor endurance (p ≥ 0.05) between individuals with and without lower crossed syndrome.
Implementasi Inovasi Kebijakan Program Rebo Nyunda di Pemerintah Kota Bandung
Authors: Wahyu R Ginulur , Baihaqi Muhammad Rifqi , Nurhayadi Nurhayadi , Tamimi Tamimi , Candith Juliannes
Published: February 2025

This research is motivated by the desire of researchers to know and analyze the optimization of Sundanese cultural characters through the Rebo Nyunda program that was realized by the Bandung city government. The Rebo Nyunda program is a Bandung city government program as part of the thematic days that apply in the city. This program is also one of the programs to preserve Sundanese culture because of the flow of modernization that cannot be avoided by all layers and technological advances that are faster than the progress of values and culture, and today the city is a very dynamic urbanization city. So with that the Bandung city government must be open to all residents of the region. The method in this research uses descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results of the study were obtained through an interview process and document study. From the results of this study it was found that the program was less / not optimal.