bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING IOT FOR MILITARY PURPOSES
Authors: Tertyshnik Ye. , Potapov O. , Mishok A. , Andrushko A.
Published: April 2024

The most notable change in the era of modern warfare is that information has become the most effective weapon of all. Situational awareness, based on collected information, has become the core of every military operation. Information operations, an integrated network of sensors, weapon systems and platforms have become a force multiplier. New technologies, tools and processes have established the concept of network-centric warfare.

The concept of the Internet of Things is one of the answers to these questions. Internet of Things is widely developed throughout the world, particularly in civilian and military applications.

Objects and things can be recognized and used to make contextual decisions by aggregating information and sharing with other objects.

Using Internet of Things technologies, the State can work more efficiently and effectively by integrating sensor systems, actuators and control systems with current military and civilian infrastructure.

The purpose of the article is to analyzte the possibilities of using Internet of Things technologies for military purposes, as well as to identify related security challenges and potential countermeasures, focusing on devices and technologies used in the military sphere.
Effect of Processing Conditions on Oil Point Pressure of Calabash Nutmeg
Authors: Ogundeji A.A. , Babatunde O.J. , Ogunsina P. O. , Edu O.E. , Ogunsina B.S. , Salami A.A.
Published: March 2024

The oil point pressure of calabash nutmeg (Monodora myristica) was investigated considering particle size, moisture content, heating temperature and heating time. Freshly harvested seeds obtained from a local market in Ibadan were decorticated and cleaned of all extraneous matter. The kernels obtained were milled and graded into fine and coarse aggregates. The experiment was a central composite design in which two levels of moisture content (17 and 21%wb), heating temperature (50 and 70 ̊C) and time (5 and 15 mins) were considered. The data obtained were analyzed using Design Expert Version 6.0.8. The results showed that oil point pressure increased with time but decreased as heating temperature and moisture content increased. For fine aggregates, the minimum oil point pressure of 0.116 MPa was obtained at a temperature, time and moisture content combination of 60 ̊C, 10 mins and 23%wb, respectively. However, for coarse aggregates, the minimum oil point pressure of 0.144 MPa was obtained at 70 ̊C, 5 mins of heating time and moisture content of 21% (w.b). The results showed that the oil point pressure of fine aggregates was lower than that of the coarse aggregates. From the analysis of variance, heating time had significant effect on the oil point pressure (p<0.05). The minimum oil point pressure of calabash nutmeg was obtained as 0.116 MPa at an optimal temperature, time and moisture content of 64 ̊C, 5 mins and 21% (w.b), respectively.
Gender Bias at Workplace: A Study of the Unspoken Bias Towards Female Leaders Competencies in A Male Dominated Work Environment
Authors: Olubunmi Catherine BENCO
Published: March 2024

The aim of the study was to explore the existence of stereotypical gender bias in relation to gender preference and the perceived leadership behaviors and competencies that female leaders would need in order to be successful in a male dominated industry using the oil and gas industry as a case study. To achieve this objective, a research questions was asked, “Does a negative perception of female leaders’ competences and stereo typical bias still persist in the male dominated environment like the oil and gas industry”.To appropriately answer this question and meet the objectives of the study, a quantitative positivism research design was adopted as the methodology. Survey questionnaire with 88 scaled questions and 1 open-ended questions was used as data collection method. 134 respondents comprising of 54 females and 80 males participated in the study. The data was analyzed using the IBM SPSS software. The role congruity theory of prejudice towards female leaders, the ‘Think manager – Think Male’ notion, the double bind concept and the competency framework were used as a theoretical concept to drive the study.Key findings from the study includes the role of factors like organizational, culture, and gender bias as an unspoken barrier for female leaders to succeed in the oil and gas industry. Other findings include a unified bias in which both male and female favorably rated a female leader they have worked with satisfactorily; the female leaders in the oil and gas industry are not disliked for being professional or assertive rather they earn the same respect as with the males from their subordinates. Evidence suggests that the leadership styles that was found to be mostly associated with female leaders in the oil and gas industry is the participative and relation-oriented style of leadership and this in human resources management is the recommended best practice and more effective approach.
2019-2023 Yılları Yükseköğretim Kurumlarına Giriş Sınavlarında Yer Alan Kimya ve Biyoloji Testi Sorularının Kapsam Geçerliliği Açısından Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Sarıkaya Gacanoğlu Şengül
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada 2019-2023 yıllarında TYT ve AYT sınavlarında yer alan biyoloji testi soruları 2018 yılı Ortaöğretim Biyoloji Dersi Öğretim Programı (MEB, 2018) kazanımları çerçevesinde analiz edilmiş ve Gacanoğlu ve Nakiboğlu (2022 ve 2024)’nun kimya testi sorularına yönelik çaışmalarının sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda yükseköğretime geçiş sınavlarında biyoloji dersine yönelik 2018 yılı öğretim programında yer alan toplam 91 kazanımdan en çok 11. sınıf “İnsan Fizyolojisi” ünitesinden soru hazırlandığı, bu yönüyle TYT ve AYT sınavı biyoloji testlerinde kazanımlar açısından homojenliğin sağlanamadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. 2022 yılı TYT ve AYT kimya testi sorularına yönelik elde edilen bulgularda ise Gacanoğlu ve Nakiboğlu’nun araştırma makalelerinin sonuçlarında da olduğu gibi “Enerji Kaynakları ve Bilimsel Gelişmeler” ünitesinin kazanımlarından soru hazırlanmadığı ve 2019-2023 yılları arasında YKS sınavlarında kimya testi sorularının öğretim programlarının kazanımları açısından kapsam geçerliliğinin sağlanamadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Der klassische Philologe Dr. Albert Müller
Authors: Kruse Hans-Joachim
Published: April 2024

Aufsatz über den klassischen Philologen Albert Müller, der 1870-1874 das Gymnasium in Plön und 1874-1896 das Gymnasium und die Realschule in Flensburg leitete. Thematisch ist dieser angelehnt an Inhalte des Jahrbuches
für Heimatkunde im Kreis Plön. Dieser Aufsatz liegt in erweiterter Form vor.
Resurgence in the Transition Region: The Incomplete Gamma Function
Authors:   Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan, Nemes Gergő
Published: March 2024

We study the resurgence properties of the coefficients $C_n(\tau)$ appearing in the asymptotic expansion of the incomplete gamma function within the transition region. Our findings reveal that the asymptotic behaviour of $C_n(\tau)$ as $n\to +\infty$ depends on the parity of $n$. Both $C_{2n-1}(\tau)$ and $C_{2n}(\tau)$ exhibit behaviours characterised by a leading term accompanied by an inverse factorial series, where the coefficients are once again $C_{2k-1}(\tau)$ and $C_{2k}(\tau)$, respectively. Our derivation employs elementary tools and relies on the known resurgence properties of the asymptotic expansion of the gamma function and the uniform asymptotic expansion of the incomplete gamma function. To the best of our knowledge, prior to this paper, there has been no investigation in the existing literature regarding the resurgence properties of asymptotic expansions in transition regions.
Mourir en migration au temps de la Covid-19
Authors: Mathys Cecilia , Geara Leila , Nardin Maeva , Paul Konan Dri
Published: April 2024

Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude sur les pratiques, ressources et stratégies des acteurs du secteur funéraire dans l’accompagnement des familles immigrées endeuillées en Suisse. Nonobstant le grand nombre de travaux de recherche consacrés à la mobilité internationale post-mortem des corps, peu d’entre eux se sont intéressés aux enjeux qui, en contexte migratoire, jalonnent la « trajectoire » de mobilité des défunts à l’intérieur des frontières étatiques. Or cela est d’autant plus important qu’il convient de prendre en compte la diversité des acteurs qui doivent composer avec des obligations d’ordre légal, administratif et éthique propres à leurs pratiques. La question de l’accompagnement funéraire en contexte migratoire se pose avec plus d’acuité encore au regard de la pandémie de la Covid-19 qui s’est révélée comme un accélérateur de la transformation des pratiques et des rituels funéraires. Le matériel empirique recueilli auprès de seize acteurs du secteur funéraire met en lumière, de leurs points de vue, les enjeux propres à la mort en migration en période pandémique, qui se déploient le plus souvent selon deux registres : celui de la préservation de l’identité des communautés immigrées et celui de la légitimation de leur présence dans la société d’installation. De manière générale, cette étude montre que questionner le destin des défunts contribue à questionner leur place de leur vivant.
De New York à l’État de l’Ohio
Authors: Leservoisier Olivier
Published: April 2024

Cet article propose d’analyser les conditions des mobilités internes des Haalpulaaren mauritaniens et sénégalais aux États-Unis. Tout en rendant compte des contraintes qui pèsent sur les déplacements, il montre comment les migrants peuvent être acteurs de leur mobilité et comment celle-ci est inscrite dans les représentations et certaines pratiques de socialisation. L’article conduit ainsi à interroger les modalités de construction d’un réseau migratoire qui soulève l’enjeu des rapports de pouvoir entre les différents sites d’installation des Haalpulaaren aux États-Unis.
Un tremplin vers l’emploi
Authors: Gué Jérôme
Published: April 2024

Aujourd’hui, 100 000 jeunes sortent du système scolaire sans diplôme ni qualification. En liant théorie et pratique professionnelle, la pédagogie des écoles de production vise à leur apprendre un métier tout en leur donnant confiance en eux.
Un cycle électoral pour rien ?
Authors: Pineau Lola
Published: April 2024

En un an, les Chiliens ont refusé deux propositions de nouvelles Constitutions en totale opposition. Cet exercice du référendum constitutionnel a-t-il été vain ? Il témoigne en tout cas d’une démocratie qui se cherche encore. Reportage.
De l’activité des « inactifs »
Authors: Verger Daniel
Published: April 2024

Le dernier rapport du Secours catholique-Caritas France éclaire la frange de ceux qu’on nomme les « inactifs ». Il démontre que ces personnes sans emploi sont non seulement actives, mais essentielles pour la société, appelant à une reconnaissance de leur contribution.
Souci de soi, souci du monde
Authors: Dequesne Angèle
Published: April 2024

Cet ouvrage sociologique invite à repenser la notion d’engagement. Pensé à partir de l’expérience de l’individu, le concept dépasse la sphère morale et militante, renouvelant la compréhension du rapport au politique.
Tous les goûts sont-ils dans la nature ? La traduction des valeurs publiques en significations officielles
Authors: Wæraas Arild , Lerøy Sataøen Hogne
Published: April 2024

Il est bien connu que les significations données aux valeurs publiques peuvent varier considérablement d’un cadre à l’autre, compte tenu de leur nature abstraite. Malgré cette conscience, cependant, la littérature sur les valeurs publiques n’a pas réellement examiné les significations officielles données aux valeurs publiques dans leur contexte local. Dans ce contexte, sur la base d’une perspective de traduction, nous examinons les significations propres au contexte de 219 valeurs publiques telles que définies par les énoncés de valeurs fondamentales de 61 agences gouvernementales centrales nordiques. Nous faisons apparaître les variations et les modèles dans les significations, en soulignant comment les significations varient selon que les valeurs sont traduites dans (1) un thème de travail et de prestation de services, (2) un thème de relations internes et (3) un thème de relations externes. À travers ces résultats, l’étude souligne l’importance de prendre en considération les significations officielles des valeurs fondamentales des agences pour comprendre la relation entre les valeurs publiques et le comportement administratif. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Les résultats de cette étude informent les gestionnaires et les administrateurs publics de la possible variation des significations officielles qui pourraient être attribuées aux valeurs fondamentales. Ils suggèrent que les gestionnaires publics devraient examiner attentivement comment ils souhaitent que les valeurs fondamentales de leur agence soient comprises par les employés. Plus précisément, lors de la traduction des valeurs fondamentales, il est conseillé aux gestionnaires publics d’évaluer si les signifiants qu’ils utilisent pour traduire les valeurs devraient guider le travail et la prestation services, les relations internes ou externes, respectivement, ou une combinaison. En attirant l’attention sur les significations voulues des valeurs fondamentales, les conclusions font mieux prendre conscience de la façon dont les différentes traductions des valeurs fondamentales impliquent différents comportements administratifs.
Évaluation du rôle des aspects liés au genre dans les débats budgétaires publics : analyse du niveau central en Allemagne
Authors: Mueller Sarah , Saliterer Iris , Korac Sanja
Published: April 2024

Cet article explore la manière dont les députés abordent les aspects liés au genre dans le processus budgétaire au niveau central en Allemagne, un pays qui défend l’égalité des genres en tant qu’objectif global, mais qui n’a pas (encore) mis en œuvre une budgétisation sensible au genre (GB, pour « gender budgeting »). Néanmoins, du point de vue budgétaire, le contexte allemand est intéressant, car le Parlement dispose de pouvoirs illimités pour modifier le projet de budget. L’étude suit des approches proposées dans les courants de la littérature sur la gestion des performances qui ont exploré différents types d’utilisation de l’information sur les performances. S’appuyant sur une analyse qualitative des débats budgétaires parlementaires, nos résultats montrent que les aspects liés au genre sont importants dans la budgétisation, même lorsque le GB n’est pas mis en œuvre. Cependant, les ressources sont moins souvent mentionnées que les programmes et les politiques dans les débats budgétaires. Nous constatons que les députés abordent les aspects liés au genre de manière différenciée (ce qui s’observe dans quatre types d’utilisation de l’information sur la performance), et que cela est affecté par les caractéristiques de l’utilisateur : le genre des députés, leur appartenance à un parti, leur participation à une commission et, à certains égards, leur âge. Bien qu’il ne soit pas surprenant que les députés de sexe féminin agissent en tant que défenseuses des aspects liés au genre, il est intéressant de noter que les femmes députés sont plus susceptibles de faire référence aux ressources lorsqu’elles traitent des aspects liés au genre que leurs homologues de sexe masculin. En outre, notre analyse des types d’utilisation de l’information sur la performance montre que la position d’un parti en tant que membre d’une coalition gouvernementale ou d’une opposition, ainsi que les lignes partisanes à travers l’opposition, influent sur la façon dont les aspects liés au genre sont abordés : en exerçant une utilisation de type favorable (c.-à-d. légitimer, souligner) et des types d’utilisation plutôt contestataires (c.-à-d. délégitimer, dévier). Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Même dans un contexte où la budgétisation des questions de genre n’est pas mise en œuvre, les députés font référence à l’égalité des genres dans les débats budgétaires.
Aproximaciones a puertoLos espacios litorales colombianos desde la cartografía náutica francesa a comienzos del siglo xx
Authors: Rangel Juan Alexis Acero
Published: April 2024

Las representaciones cartográficas de los litorales colombianos, con sus respectivas rutas y accesos a los puertos durante finales del siglo xix e inicios del siglo siguiente, permiten ver su importancia económica y al mismo tiempo, proporcionan una mirada a la dimensión del espacio oceánico en el cual el país estuvo inserto. La dinámica y desarrollo del conocimiento geográfico de los espacios marítimos y costeros, generados a través del mapeo de estas áreas y zonas portuarias, es el principal objetivo del artículo. Desde la cartografía crítica con el nuevo giro visual, se aborda el análisis de este tipo de inscripciones hechas por el Servicio Hidrográfico de la Marina de Francia y el uso de este tipo de piezas en el mapa oficial de Colombia; relacionado con la construcción y desarrollo de infraestructuras de conectividad o espacios de interconexión en el litoral, que configuraron su posible territorialización y proyectaron una imagen de nación articulada al comercio mundial.
Os Estados brasileiros entre os países do mundo
Authors: Confins
Published: March 2024

A publicação do censo demográfico de 2022 pelo IBGE oferece uma nova ocasião de comparar os Estados que compõem a federação brasileira com países do mundo: em termos de tamanho e população. Como muitos deles são comparáveis a nações de outros continentes, essas comparações podem ajudar leitores estrangeiros a entender a vastidão do Brasil e os contrastes de sua população, mas também podem ajudar os leitores brasileiros a perceber o verdadeiro tamanho de seu país.
O grande deslocamento da violência
Authors: Confins
Published: March 2024

O artigo se baseia em mapas originais produzidos usando dados do Atlas da Violência publicado pelo Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Ipea) e o Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública, que mostram enormes espaciais na distribuição dos homicídios. Eles associam o número de homicídios registrados em cada um dos municípios do país (representado pelo tamanho dos círculos proporcionais) e a proporção desses homicídios em relação à população municipal (representada por uma gradação de cor), enquanto o mapa de fundo é colorido de acordo com o índice de desenvolvimento municipal calculado pela Firjan. O mapa desenhado para o ano 2021 confirma uma nítida evolução em relação a situações anteriores (1989, 1999, 2009 e 2019), um deslocamento da criminalidade para as regiões Nordeste e Norte, enquanto o número e a proporção de homicídios na população caíam rapidamente nas principais capitais do Sudeste.
A concepção de representação (carto)gráfica para Roger Brunet: aportes para o desenvolvimento da Cartografia Geográfica Crítica
Authors: Girardi Eduardo Paulon
Published: March 2024

Neste artigo, realizamos o resgate da concepção de representação (carto)gráfica nos principais trabalhos de Roger Brunet e a analisamos no contexto do desenvolvimento da Cartografia Geográfica Crítica, buscando elementos que subsidiem avanços na nossa proposta, em especial elementos que indiquem o potencial da coremática/modelização gráfica para a análise e o discurso geográfico e sobre a subjetividade inerente aos modelos gráficos e mapa-modelos. São destacadas as aproximações da coremática/modelização gráfica com os princípios da visualização cartográfica e com a teoria crítica do mapa, de Brian Harley. Uma aproximação entre as propostas de Brunet e Harley é apresentada ao final do artigo.
Desenvolvimento de Cadastro Multifinalitário de baixo custo e plataforma web para sua atualização: contribuições de softwares livres e geotecnologias no planejamento territorial
Authors: Rizzatti Maurício , Batista Natália Lampert , Spode Pedro Leonardo Cezar , Trentin Romario , Ribeiro Eduardo Augusto Werneck , Crummenauer Cezar Augusto
Published: March 2024

As tecnologias geoespaciais fornecem ferramentas importantes para o planejamento e gestão do território, como por meio do Cadastro Territorial Multifinalitário (CTM), Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma metodologia de CTM de baixo custo, com softwares livres, para auxiliar a tomada de decisão e atualização cadastral mediante uma Aplicação Web. A testagem da metodologia proposta foi desenvolvida no Distrito de Vale Vêneto, município de São João do Polêsine, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram realizados dois trabalhos de campo na área de estudo para levantamento de dados aerofotogramétricos e cadastrais. Foram elaborados mapas estáticos e interativos para espacialização dos dados cadastrais, bem como uma Interface Web para a edição e atualização dos dados de maneira prática. A metodologia sugerida viabiliza a implementação do CTM em municípios com restrições orçamentárias, fomentando a aquisição de conhecimento territorial e facilitando o processo de tomada de decisão por meio da utilização de softwares de código aberto em diversos setores de órgãos públicos.
Divisão territorial do trabalho na indústria. A participação da mão de obra feminina
Authors: Reolon Cleverson Alexsander , Sposito Eliseu Savério
Published: March 2024

Neste texto, analisamos os aspectos geográficos da inserção da mulher no mercado de trabalho formal no Brasil e no estado do Paraná. Utilizamos dados de empregos da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS), do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego. O objetivo principal do texto pressupõe que as informações coletadas e analisadas levaram em consideração o sexo dos trabalhares, a escolaridade, a faixa etária e o rendimento dos trabalhadores na indústria. Um aspecto metodológico importante diz respeito ao fato de que problematizamos o tema sobre a correlação entre escolaridade e rendimento sob o enfoque das questões de gênero, usando a segmentação do setor industrial entre as atividades com maior e menor coeficiente tecnológico como parâmetro para a análise. Essa segmentação foi realizada pelo agrupamento das atividades listadas na Classificação Nacional das Atividades Econômicas (CNAE).
Grandes empreendimentos agroindustriais e evolução de indicadores socioeconômicos: o caso do Polígono Canavieiro Paulista
Authors: Filho João Jaime de Carvalho Almeida , Silva Jonathas Magalhães Pereira da , Martines Marcos Roberto
Published: March 2024

L'article examine l'évolution des indicateurs socio-économiques et démographiques survenus dans les municipalités de l'intérieur de São Paulo, entre 1975 et 2018, une période coïncidant avec l'expansion et la consolidation du secteur de sucre-énergie, qui utilise près de la moitié des terres agricoles sur ce territoire et installe des usines de canne à sucre dans plus d'un tiers des municipalités de ce que nous appelons Polígono Canavieiro Paulista ou Polygone de la Canne à Sucre de São Paulo. Prétendument générateur de croissance économique, le phénomène pose une question : charges et primes se traduisent-elles par un bilan positif pour la commune où sont implantées les usines de canne à sucre ? Le présent travail aborde cette question en comparant des indicateurs entre groupes de communes avec ou sans présence de usines de la canne à sucre et en spatialisant les résultats. Une tentative est faite pour vérifier l'influence des usines aux niveaux municipal et régional et, dans les municipalités avec usines de canne à sucre, il y a une différenciation discrète, positive et constante quant à l'évolution des indicateurs. Enfin, la recherche nous permet conclure que, par la présence du secteur sucre-énergie, dans la période étudiée, les inégalités s'accentuent entre les communes de São Paulo.
As recentes falhas no gerenciamento de barragens de rejeito em Minas Gerais
Authors: Cota Guilherme Eduardo Macedo , – Antônio Pereira Magalhães Junior
Published: March 2024

Os recentes eventos de falha no gerenciamento de barragens de rejeito em Minas Gerais levantaram diversos questionamentos acerca das lacunas do aparato legal e do sistema gestor das estruturas que permitiram que tais eventos ocorressem. Com base neste contexto, o presente trabalho objetiva investigar, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, as causas que levaram aos eventos de falha ocorridos na barragem B1 em Itabirito no ano de 2014, na barragem de Fundão em Mariana no ano de 2015 e na barragem I em Brumadinho no ano de 2019. Os resultados obtidos indicam que as causas destes rompimentos estão relacionadas a lacunas no processo de licenciamento das estruturas, bem como no descumprimento dos manuais de operações das barragens. Ademais, o processo de automonitoramento das barragens em Minas Gerais tem se mostrado falho, principalmente pelo fato de as três barragens adotadas como estudo de caso terem sido declaradas como estáveis e mesmo assim se romperem.
Efeitos permanentes da poluição oriunda da ruptura da barragem da empresa Samarco em Mariana (Minas Gerais) sobre a planície costeira do Rio Doce, Espírito Santo
Authors: Zanotelli Cláudio Luiz
Published: March 2024

O artigo problematiza os efeitos, oito anos depois, sobre a planície costeira do Rio Doce no Espírito Santo, Brasil, dos rejeitos oriundos da mineração realizada à montante do rio em Mariana, Minas Gerais, pela corporação Samarco-Vale-BHP Billiton. A ruptura da barragem da mina de minério de ferro em 2015 provocou uma poluição permanente desta região. Em particular, analisamos este fato a partir de dados secundários de uma pesquisa, pouca explorada, sobre a poluição por metais pesados da água entre 2018 e 2021 em dois pontos do Rio Doce, na cidade de Linhas e na foz do mesmo rio, bem como nos baseamos sobre trabalhos de campo e entrevistas com pescadores. As conclusões indicam que as consequências sobre os territórios desta planície costeira são importantes e graves e devem ser acompanhadas ao longo do tempo diante da aparição de problemas relativos à saúde humana, às mudanças socioambientais e os efeitos destrutivos sobre o meio.
Homicídios e desorganização social: o caso de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Mata Rafael Augusto Reis da , Diniz Alexandre M. A. , Faria Antônio Hot Pereira de
Published: March 2024

O presente artigo investiga a relação entre características socioeconômicas da população de Belo Horizonte, retiradas dos indicadores demográficos do CENSO 2010, e os crimes de homicídio registrados no mesmo ano, além de contar com os bairros do município como recorte espacial para a análise. Foi utilizada a Teoria da Desorganização Social para embasamento, onde consideramos a hipótese de que redes urbanas e as comunidades locais contribuem para o processo de socialização do indivíduo e que quando as comunidades sofrem com vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, o controle social é dificultado, podendo condicionar o comportamento criminoso. Por meio das análises de correlação e regressão linear, constatou-se uma relação direta entre a ocorrência de homicídios e a maioria dos indicadores socioeconômicos, confirmando a hipótese da pesquisa.
As geografias da Geografia
Authors: Junior Raimundo Nonato
Published: March 2024

Trata-se da apresentação da rubrica “As geografias da Geografia” na revista Confins, apresentando os elementos fundamentais de pesquisa, fundamentos e primeiras considerações teorico-metodologicas a este respeito. Este artigo introdutório lança a provocação epistemológica do projeto que visa analisar a presença da Geografia no mundo a partir da diversidade de publicações que apresentem “o que é (e como se faz) Geografia” em diferentes contextos.
Les géographies de la géographie
Authors: Junior Raimundo Nonato
Published: March 2024

Trata-se da apresentação da rubrica “As geografias da Geografia” na revista Confins, apresentando os elementos fundamentais de pesquisa, fundamentos e primeiras considerações teorico-metodologicas a este respeito. Este artigo introdutório lança a provocação epistemológica do projeto que visa analisar a presença da Geografia no mundo a partir da diversidade de publicações que apresentem “o que é (e como se faz) Geografia” em diferentes contextos.
The geographies of geography
Authors: Junior Raimundo Nonato
Published: March 2024

Trata-se da apresentação da rubrica “As geografias da Geografia” na revista Confins, apresentando os elementos fundamentais de pesquisa, fundamentos e primeiras considerações teorico-metodologicas a este respeito. Este artigo introdutório lança a provocação epistemológica do projeto que visa analisar a presença da Geografia no mundo a partir da diversidade de publicações que apresentem “o que é (e como se faz) Geografia” em diferentes contextos.
Geocentric Gestural Deixis among Yucatec Maya (Quintana Roo, México)
Authors: Le Guen Olivier
Published: April 2024

Fieldwork conducted among the Yucatec Maya of Mexico reveals that this group preferentially uses a geocentric frame of reference in both linguistic and non-linguistic tasks. Contrary to other cultural groups (such as the Guugu Yimithir of Australia or Tzeltal of México), this frame does not seem to rely on the use of specific spatial terms (such as cardinal directions for instance). Because linguistic evidence is not sufficient to determine which frame of reference is used, attention to gestural deixis is particularly relevant. Using a comparative French example, we present a method of analysis for gestural deixis and show that Yucatec speakers, both children and adults, rely primarily on a geocentric frame of reference in giving spatial indications of directions.
Cultures of Infancy. The Foundation of Developmental Pathways
Authors: Keller Heidi
Published: April 2024

Development can be understood as a series of universal developmental tasks that pattern the human life span. These developmental tasks evolved during the history of humankind, mainly to solve recurring adaptive problems. They are functionally related to each other in the sense that the solution of earlier tasks influences the solution of later developmental tasks. Thus developmental and biographical continuity emerge. The resulting developmental pathways, however, are not conceived of as being absolutely determined by the earlier influences. Developmental pathways are informed by earlier as well as concurrent influences. Plasticity, yet not unlimited, characterizes developmental pathways as well as continuity.
Early Childhood Services and Supports in the Context of Cultural Community Psychology
Authors: Roberts Richard
Published: April 2024

cultural and community aspects of the family’s and child’s experience. Though the effects of each of these variables may be hard to separate, distinct elements of each can be seen in the three examples used to illustrate this point. The common theme of the three case studies demonstrates that neither the community ecology nor cultural archetypes provide sufficiently satisfactory explanations for the everyday behaviors of the family members. Rather, the common denominator involves the context in which community and cultural influences interact to determine the outcome. When the context is one that supports both sets of influences, the families of young children are not in conflict. Rather, the context supports the developmental goals of the family in ways that are beneficial to everyone –child, family, and community.
Study on disease activity of immunological disorders to correlate with thyroid function and other associated correlations
Authors: Pawar Akash , Joshi Prakash , Singhai Abhishek
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Organ-specific immunological disorders involving organ/gland like the thyroid, liver, muscles, pancreas, etc., is a result of autoimmunity which can be with or without association with systemic immunological disorders. The thyroid gland is most commonly involved. We evaluated thyroid dysfunction and ESR among various immunological disorders and their correlation with disease activity and hemoglobin respectively.

Material and Methods:

A cross-sectional/observational study was conducted by including 110 patients with different immunological disorders who came in as in-patients and outpatients in our institute for 18 months and various data were collected and evaluated to analyze the targeted parameters among the study group.

Results:

We found a positive correlation between disease activity and thyroid dysfunction in different immunological disorders (only in Rheumatoid arthritis [P = 0.004) and Systemic lupus erythematosus (0.009) and not in other immunological disorders] among the study group. A positive correlation was found between ESR (Mean value – 19.63 and Standard Deviation (SD) – 09.473) and disease activity (only in Rheumatoid arthritis P = 0.0001) where a negative correlation was found between ESR and Hemoglobin (Mean value – 11.07 and SD – 01.91 (P = 0.001) in patients under study.

Conclusion:

Our study demonstrated a positive correlation between thyroid dysfunction and ESR with disease activity, whereas demonstrated a negative correlation between ESR and Hemoglobin in patients with various immunological disorders under study.
Screening of Hospitalized Elderly Patients for Frailty and Associated Co-morbid Conditions in Western Gujarat in India
Authors: Makwana Naresh R. , Ram Rohitkumar V. , Yogesh M
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Older patients admitted to hospitals have a greater impact on the healthcare system as the population ages. The relationship between the recovery of functional impairments and frailty status in geriatric care units is still not clear. Simple screening technologies are required in order to operationalize frailty management in this susceptible population due to these restrictions. Aim: The study aims to screen hospitalized older adults for frailty and associated co-morbid conditions in western Gujarat, India.

Materials and Methods:

This is an institutionally based cross-sectional study conducted on the elderly patients (aged 60 years or more) admitted at the tertiary-level government hospital of Jamnagar District of Gujarat State during the period of October 22 to December 22. The assessment was done with a structured questionnaire for FRAIL screen, the Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS), Charles Co-morbidity Index, Geriatric Depression Scale-5 (GDS-5), and Short Form-12 (SF-12) Health Survey.

Results:

The overall findings of this study reveal that of 124 participants 34 (27%) were frail, 52 (42%) were found to be a likelihood of depression by the GDS, and 29 (23%) were having dementia by RCS, respectively. In our study, we also found a statistically significant association between frailty and dementia (Pvalue < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The present study implies the prevalence of frailty among old age elderly patients and its association with various socio-demographic and co-morbid conditions of the participants. Early identification of frailty and co-morbid conditions can help to prevent adverse health outcomes.
Management of traumatic dental injuries in a hemophiliac patient: A challenge! Case report with nine years follow-up
Authors: Goswami Mridula , Jangra Babita
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are frequently associated with an injury pattern that requires accurate diagnosis for developing the appropriate treatment plan. When children with special healthcare needs, i.e., Hemophilia experience TDIs, managing the situation becomes a challenging task for pediatric dentists due to the requirement of a multidisciplinary approach in their care. This case report highlights the successful management of extrusive luxation injury of a young permanent tooth with an open apex in an eight-year-old male child with severe Hemophilia A. After a follow-up of nine years, the pulp showed significant healing with physiological closure of the apical foramen. The study further emphasizes that timely management of such injuries can lead to improved tooth prognosis.
Burden and predictors of distress among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Excerpts of an observational study from Eastern India
Authors: Mahala Swastik , Basu Gandhari , Halder Indranil
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

Diabetes distress (DD) is a common psychological condition distinct from depression. This is a unique, hidden emotional burden and worry that the patient experiences under ongoing treatment.

Aim:

To assess the prevalence and predictors of DD among adult diabetics attending a tertiary healthcare facility.

Settings and Design:

This hospital-based observational, analytical, cross-sectional study recruited 152 adult patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods:

The sociodemographic and diabetes-related information was collected with the help of a predesigned, structured proforma. Clinical and anthropometric examinations were conducted. Distress was determined by the standardized Diabetic Distress Scale (DDS). Statistical Analysis Used: The mean (SE) value was calculated for quantitative variables. The mean item score in DDS of ≥2 is taken as the presence of distress. Fisher’s exact Chi-square test was done to check for association. Two-tailed significance test with a P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Majority of study participants were literate, married, and from the lower middle socioeconomic class. High blood pressure was the most common co-morbidity and tobacco use was the most prevalent addiction. The prevalence of diabetes distress was 77.0%. Emotional DD was found to be more common than regimen, interpersonal, and physician-related DD. The major determinants that emerged were young age, low socioeconomic class, physical inactivity, longer time duration to reach the hospital, associated known co-morbidities, and poor glycaemic control.

Conclusion:

A target-specific and routine counseling sessions merged with pronged strategic services are essential to improve the mental health of respondents.
Effects of school nurse-led health education to reduce malnutrition among primary school children in Bangladesh: Cluster nonrandomized controlled trial
Authors: Aivey Sadia A. , Fukushima Yasuko , Rahman Md Moshiur , Nahar Niru S. , Ahmed Ashir , Prihanto Junaidi B. , Hawlader Mohammad D. H. , Moriyama Michiko
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Malnutrition is a major health concern among children especially in low and middle-income countries. However, there are limited studies on school health in Bangladesh. This study aimed to reduce malnutrition among primary school children in Bangladesh by increasing awareness and knowledge through school nurse-led health education.

Methods and Materials:

A prospective, open-label, parallel-group (1:1), cluster nonrandomized controlled trial on primary school children conducted in rural Bangladesh. The study lasted 13 months between September 2021 and September 2022. Four schools were selected and assigned to the intervention and control groups (CGs). Next, school nurses provided evidence-based health education to the children in the intervention group (IG) for 9 months to improve awareness and knowledge of malnutrition. Data were collected at baseline, midline, and endline.

Results:

Overall, 604 children were enrolled at the baseline; among them, 455 (CG,n= 220; IG,n= 235) completed the study. Changes in the malnutrition rate—the primary outcome—were not significant (P= 0.225). However, after adjusting the endline data with baseline and sociodemographic data, the children’s body mass index improved significantly in the IG than in the CG (P< 0.05). Changes in eating behavior, and awareness and knowledge of malnutrition—the secondary outcomes—significantly differed between the groups (P< 0.001).

Conclusion:

The school nurse-led health education program significantly improved primary school children’s awareness and knowledge of malnutrition. This study revealed the effectiveness of school nurses in reducing malnutrition among children, which may decrease future morbidity and mortality rates in children.
Social media impact on psychological well-being—A cross-sectional study among the adolescents of Odisha
Authors: Sahoo Prabhudarsan , Mishra Mausumi , Das Sai Chandan
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Psychological well-being encapsulates positive dimensions, encompassing an individual’s sense of mastery, autonomy, personal growth, and a profound connection with purpose and meaning in life. In the domain of mental well-being, research indicates that social media yields consequential outcomes, contributing to elevated levels of well-being, life satisfaction, and social support. The engagement of adolescents with social networking sites serves as a facilitator in fortifying existing friendships and cultivating new connections through online platforms. This, in consequence, alleviates social isolation and loneliness, thereby fostering a discernible enhancement in the mental health of adolescents.

Method:

The study was conducted among 120 undergraduate students studying in different colleges of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The study was based on a 2 (social media use) ×2 (gender) factorial design with independent variables being the social media use (high use and low use) and gender (boys and girls) of the undergraduate students. All of the adolescents were in the age group of 17–19 years. Subjects were randomly selected from different undergraduate colleges of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software version 21.

Results:

The sample consisted of 120 students from different colleges of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Comparisons of psychological well being mean scores of subjects indicated that high social media use had higher psychological well being than their low social media use among the counterparts. Psychological well being scores of the boys was found to be higher than girls, indicating that boys were psychologically healthier than their girl counterparts.

Conclusion:

The finding of this study revealed that higher social media users had better perceived social support than lower social media users. Comparison of mean scores disclosed that boys and higher social media users had better psychological well-being than girls and lower social media users respectively. Social media is linked to social support and psychological wellbeing among the college students. This information will provide information to psychologists and public health specialist guiding their work with college students.
India’s need to integrate its socio-cultural and scientific epistemology to position itself as a global leader
Authors: Raina Sunil K. , Kumar Raman
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Somewhat pitch-forked into a role it had been envisioning for itself for a long time now by the rapidly changing politico-administrative dynamics of the nations across the world and emerging and re-emerging crises limited not the least to wars and pandemics, India needs to leverage its strengths to deliver on the promise it has long held. But India’s struggle to stem the outward flow of many of the brightest may just be one among the many factors that can play a spoilsport. The civilizational strength of India has been its cultural–scientific epistemology, strengthening the exploration of which will help it position itself as the global leader. The freedom to question and seek answers, no matter how successful a hypothesis has been in the past, is consistent with its (India’s) epistemology, both scientific and cultural.
An epidemiological study of psychiatric disorders in Kashmir
Authors: Hussain Arshad , Dar Mansoor A. , Shah Majid S. , Roub Fazle
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Mental disorders are highly prevalent and affect people across all regions of the world. The State of Jammu and Kashmir has been witness to a conflict for about three decades. Little is known about the extent of mental disorders in Kashmir. There was a dire need to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders among the rural population of Kashmir. The study was undertaken to estimate the point prevalence of specific mental disorders in rural population of Kashmir, sociodemographic correlates of mental disorders and to assess the service utilization in individuals with mental disorders.

Materials and Methods:

Community-based survey carried out in rural districts of Kashmir using a mixed sampling technique. The survey was conducted in six blocks of two districts (Pulwama and Baramulla) of Kashmir. Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for psychiatric morbidity was used. Appropriate statistical methods were applied.

Results:

In total, 11.3% of adult population suffers from mental illness in the valley. As compared to males (8.4%), females had a higher prevalence (12.9%). Depressive disorders (8.4%) were the most common psychiatric disorders, followed by anxiety disorders (5.1%). Only 12.6% of patients suffering from mental disorders had sought treatment for their illnesses.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study have cleared many doubts and indicated the prevalence of 10 common mental health disorders in the general population as well as among different socioeconomic groups in Kashmir. This study has indicated low levels of treatment sought by people with mental illness.
Global epidemiology of cannabis use disorders and its trend from 1990 to 2019: Benchmarking analysis of the global burden of disease study
Authors: Shah Kinjal , Farwa Umm E. , Vanaparti Ankitha , Patel Savan , Kanumuri Manisha , Vashishth Oshin , Hossain Nadia , Dahiya Roopali , Banala Mallareddy , Enamorado Fredy Reynaldo Pavon , Patel Abhiraj S. , Nadeem Huzaifa , Kanani Ravi , Desai Hardik D. , Sharma Kamal H. , Tripathi Sharanya
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Cannabis is one of the most widely used psychoactive substances globally, with an increasing trend in its legalization for both medical and recreational purposes in various countries. While cannabis offers potential therapeutic benefits, its regular use can lead to the development of Cannabis Use Disorders (CUDs). Understanding the epidemiology of CUDs is crucial in assessing the public health burden associated with cannabis use.

Methods:

Epidemiological parameters of CUDs were assessed using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methodology across different age-groups, years, sexes, and locations worldwide from 1990-2019.

Results:

Globally, for both sexes combined, prevalent cases of CUDs increased steadily from 17.1 million(95%UI=12.7-22.8million) in 1990 to 23.8-million(95%UI=17.8-30.9 million) in 2019. All age-adjusted highest number of incidence observed in High-Income-North-America(HINA)(121/100,000), followed by Australasia(100/100,000), Oceania(83.97/100,000), Tropical Latin America(69.59/100,000). Globally, age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate(ASDR) observed higher in HINA, followed by Australasia, and Western-Europe. In male, all-age incidence counts increased from 1.7 million(95%UI=1.3-2.4million) in 1990 to 2.4 million(95%UI=1.8-3.2 million) in 2019. The highest annual percentage of change in age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR) was found in East-Asia (22%) followed by Middle-East and North-Africa(MENA)(15%). The age group of 15-24 years exhibited the highest burden of CUDs.

Conclusion:

The widespread occurrence of CUDs on a global scale poses a substantial challenge to public health. Understanding the impact of CUDs and implementing evidence-based interventions is crucial in mitigating the associated individual, societal, and economic burdens. Continued research, collaboration, and knowledge dissemination are essential to inform policies, prevention efforts, and treatment strategies aimed at addressing CUDs on a global-scale.