bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation and Testing of the CROBAR 3D Coronal Reconstruction Method with a MURaM Simulation
Authors: Plowman Joseph
Published: April 2023

I report on validation and testing of a novel 3D reconstruction method than can obtain coronal plasma properties from a single snapshot perspective. I first reported on the method in 2021, and I have since named it the Coronal Reconstruction Onto B-Aligned Regions (CROBAR) method. The testing and validation are carried out with a cube from a MURaM 3D MHD simulation, which affords a coronal-like “ground truth” against which the reconstruction method can be applied and compared. I find that the method does quite well, recovering the “coronal veil”−like features recently reported from the MURaM simulations and allaying concerns that these features would thwart recovery of valid 3D coronal structure from a limited number of perspectives. I also find that a second perspective between ∼45° and 90° does significantly improve the reconstructions. Two distinct channels with soft-X-ray-like temperature response (peaking above 5 MK) would suffice for CROBAR’s optically thin observables A suite of AIA-like EUV passbads, with good coverage in the 3–8 MK range, is also well suited to CROBAR.
Geoinformation analysis russian health systems: modeling, visualization, analysis
Authors: Eshrokov Vitaly , Panin Alexander , Tikunov Vladimir
Published: April 2023

In the Russian Federation, noticeable differences remain between its constituent entities in the possibilities of obtaining quality medical care for citizens living on their territory. The main tasks of developing the health care system of the country and its regions lie in the plane of demographic trends and the priority solution of the problem of mortality. The state of regional health systems is a determining factor for mortality rates, and mortality is an indicator of the level of development of regional and municipal health systems. In this regard, the creation of an algorithm (method) for assessing the effectiveness of health care systems, provided for in the documents of strategic and territorial planning at all levels, is an urgent scientific problem and is the purpose of the study. The construction of the algorithm was carried out on the basis of multivariate analysis and the method of geoinformation mapping. The authors established criteria for assessing the current state of the health care system of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities in the context of the impact on the target socio-economic indicators and mortality rates that correspond to the national goals of the Russian Federation, the targets of the National Healthcare Project and the National Demography Project. A comprehensive analysis of demographic and socio-economic factors made it possible to determine the features of the spatial organization and structure of the healthcare system at the municipal level and the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, to develop options for typology of constituent entities of the Russian Federation based on a comprehensive integral indicator that takes into account the influence of medical and non-medical factors. The authors proposed a system of cartographic indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of the spatial organization of the healthcare system at different territorial levels: subjects of the Russian Federation, municipalities and settlements. A series of original cartographic materials has been prepared for each of the levels and assessment indicators.
Total Keratometry Measured With a Swept-Source Optical Biometer Versus Anterior Keratometry: From Planning to Postoperative Results
Authors: Anjou Mickael , Brezin Antoine , Monnet Dominique
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

To compare the influence of total keratometry (TK) versus anterior keratometry (K) measured with the swept-source optical biometer IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) on the planning of toric intraocular lenses (IOLs), and the error in predicted residual astigmatism (PRA).

Methods:

This single-center retrospective study included 247 eyes of 180 patients. In eyes undergoing cataract surgery, the optimal toric IOL was calculated based on K or TK measured with the IOLMaster 700. Two formulas were used to estimate IOL power: Holladay and Barrett Toric. Optimal cylinder power and alignment axis change induced by using TK versus K were reported. PRA by each calculation method was compared with manifest refractive astigmatism. Postoperative refractive astigmatism prediction error was calculated using vector analysis.

Results:

The optimal toric IOL based on TK compared with K was different in 39.3% of cases with the Holladay formula and 31.6% of cases with the Barrett Toric formula. The use of TK rather than K reduced the centroid error in PRA when calculated with the Holladay formula (
P
< .001), but not when calculated with the Barrett Toric formula (
P
= .19). The against-the-rule astigmatism subgroup analysis with the Barrett Toric formula showed a statistically significant decrease of centroid error in PRA with the use of TK compared with K (
P
= .01).

Conclusions:

TK compared with K measured with the IOL-Master 700 resulted in a change of optimal toric IOL in almost one-third of cases and decreased the error in PRA in patients with against-the-rule astigmatism.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(4):257–264.]
Visual and Refractive Outcomes of a Trifocal Toric Intraocular Lens Implanted in Eyes With High Corneal Astigmatism
Authors: Ruiz-Mesa Ramón , Tañá-Sanz Pedro , Tañá-Sanz Santiago , Orts-Vila Paz , Tañá-Rivero Pedro
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

To analyze the refractive and visual outcomes following cataract surgery and implantation of a trifocal toric intraocular lens (IOL) in eyes with high degrees of corneal astigmatism.

Methods:

A total of 29 eyes from 21 patients who underwent implantation of a trifocal toric IOL (FineVision PODFT; PhysIOL) were evaluated in this study. Phacoemulsification with femto-second laser and intraoperative aberrometry were performed in all cases. All IOLs used exhibited a cylinder power of 3.75 diopters (D) or greater. The main outcome measures were refractive error and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) values. Eyes were evaluated during a follow-up period of 5 years.

Results:

A total of 96.30%, 100%, 95.83%, and 89.47% of eyes were within ±1.00 D at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years postoperatively, respectively. Furthermore, 92.31%, 86.36%, 82.61%, and 84.21% of eyes showed a refractive cylinder value of ±1.00 D at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years postoperatively, respectively. During the entire follow-up period, between 81.48% and 91.30% of eyes showed a CDVA of 20/25 or better. The mean monocular Snellen decimal CDVA values were 0.90 ± 0.12, 0.90 ± 0.11, 0.91 ± 0.11, and 0.90 ± 0.12 at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years postoperatively, respectively. No significant rotation was reported in any eye during follow-up.

Conclusions:

The current study suggests that use of this trifocal toric IOL in eyes with high amounts of corneal astigmatism provides accurate refractive outcomes with good distance visual acuity.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(4):229–234.]
Long-term Clinical Outcomes After Trifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Jeon Sohee , Moon Kun , Kwon Hyunggoo
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the long-term stability of the AcrySof IQ PanOptix TFNT00 intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories, Inc).

Methods:

This was a retrospective review of 1,065 eyes (745 patients) who underwent implantation of a PanOptix IOL. A total of 296 eyes (mean age: 58.62 ± 5.63 years and preoperative refractive error: −0.68 ± 3.01 diopters [D]) met inclusion criteria for this study. The objective refraction, uncorrected distance and near visual acuity (UDVA and UNVA), and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were evaluated at postoperative months 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 36.

Results:

The refractive error was −0.20 ± 0.36 D at 1 month, −0.20 ± 0.35 D at 2 months (
P
= .503), −0.10 ± 0.37 D at 6 months (
P
< .001), −0.02 ± 0.38 D at 12 months (
P
< .001), 0.00 ± 0.38 D at 24 months (
P
< .001), and 0.03 ± 0.39 D at 36 months (
P
< .001). Multivariate analysis showed long-term, independent associations for young age (beta = −0.122;
P
= .029) and changes in mean keratometry (beta = −0.413;
P
< .001). A greater refractive change was associated with a greater change in UNVA (
r
= 0.134;
P
= .026) but not with UDVA (
r
= −0.029;
P
= .631) or CDVA (
r
= −0.010;
P
= .875).

Conclusions:

Implantation of the PanOptix IOL yields stable clinical outcomes for visual acuity and refractive error for the first 3 years. A slight hyperopic shift, causing decreased near visual acuity, is anticipated for younger patients.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(4):236–241.]
Social Connection and Lifestyle Factors Associated With Happiness in Urban Older Adults in China: A Cross-Sectional Study With a Community Sample
Authors: Liu Jianghong , Li Sini , Yan Xuhan , Li Junxin , Sun Qiuzi , Mei Hua , Rao Hengyi
Published: April 2023

The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate social connection and lifestyle factors associated with happiness in urban older adults in mainland China. A total of 709 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 to 99 years completed a comprehensive survey covering demographics, happiness, cognition, lifestyle, sleep, nutrition, and social connections. Samples were divided by age into two groups for analysis: young-old (aged 60 to 69 years) and old-old (aged 70 to 99 years). Social connection factors, including relationships with friends and spouse and use of social media applications, were important predictors for happiness in people in their 60s. Lifestyle factors, including nutritional status and extent of physical activity, were associated with happiness in old-old adults. Sleep quality predicted happiness for both age groups. Living with children and happiness were not significant for either age group. Results suggest that social connection and lifestyle are important factors in promoting happy and healthy successful aging in urban older adults in China. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 16
(3), 147–160.]
Reliability of Cryptocurrencies and the Central Bank Digital Currency Architecture
Authors: Banerjee Sayantani
Published: April 2023

Any technological innovation is as reliable as the technology itself. The block chain technology, which is the basis of cryptocurrency, runs on a decentralised distributed ledger system which technically promises immunity from any government interference. The popularity of this notion and its variations have forced governments to think about a central bank digital currency. This chapter has been written with the objective of identifying whether lesser reliability of cryptocurrencies can be overcome by central bank digital currencies and issues involved with anonymity. While cryptocurrency ensures no counterfeiting, the feature of anonymity still carries the risk of being used for illegal activities. However, it is now perceived as the future of money. Cryptocurrencies do not create any financial liability but have been adopted as a store of value and medium of exchange. They are also used for micro-payments and decentralised applications. All these issues require a critical assessment of the reliability of cryptocurrencies as against the digital currency backed by central banks.
Cryptocurrencies on a New Rise
Authors: Sadeesh J.  , Suresh E.
Published: April 2023

Cryptocurrency is a widely used word. As e-commerce becomes increasingly important, more Techno-Indians are buying online. Bitcoin was created in 2009 as an internet currency. Financial institutions bridged the buyer-seller divide. They processed trustworthy e-payments. Even if the gap was filled, buyer and seller trade operations remained dependent. This research examines cryptocurrency's influence on Indians. This reliance helped create Cryptocurrency. This will help India advance in e-commerce. Cryptocurrency will help Indians, but not necessarily the country.
A Revolutionary Impact on Cryptocurrency
Authors: Elaiyaraja A.
Published: April 2023

Cryptocurrency is the form of currency that resides digitally or virtually. The transaction can be secured by using cryptography. Since the decentralized system is applied to record the transactions the cryptocurrency does not have a central issuing or regulating authority. Besides, it explains the perception of blockchain technology. Among the several metrics in the market cap, cryptocurrency endures as the number one digital currency in the world. In the past decade, with novelty and a collective market capitalization the size of the cryptocurrency space has grown exponentially. Cryptocurrencies desire determined and secure mining methods. In this study, we survey and analysed the current mining. In this study, we survey and compare the current mining approach applied to the extensive Cryptocurrencies. We assess the strengths, deficiencies, and viable threats to each mining approach. On the whole, corresponding efficacy, assurance and the site show the exceptional threats and strengths are delineated.
L2 Learners' Perceived Knowledge of Genre Elements and Recontextualization of Genre Awareness in Higher Education
Authors: Söğüt Sibel
Published: April 2023

This study explored L2 learners' stances towards their genre-specific knowledge, their orientation to process-genre writing instruction in higher education, and their recontextualization process in learning a variety of genres. Providing a specific emphasis on the complementary role of their genre awareness and knowledge, a researcher-developed survey and semi-structured interviews were used to elicit data from 32 first year pre-service English language teachers. The findings showed that L2 learners reported having no prior writing experience in their L1 and L2. Their reported challenges in forming the rhetorical structure, organization, and content of a genre were linked to their lack of genre awareness and knowledge about the properties of a genre. L2 learners also reported transferring formal organizational patterns of essays, despite having difficulties in recognizing cross-genre regularities. Based on these findings, pedagogical insights are offered to improve the practices of L2 process-genre writing instruction.
Karaga Jatre of Karnataka
Authors: Khan Shaheed , Freeda Maria Swarna M.
Published: April 2023

Karaga Jatre/procession is observed in Thigalarapete in Bangalore, India with religious fervour by a community known to be warriors and gardeners who have part of history for more than four hundred years. The scale is huge, with close to half a million people attending the eleven-day festival in the heart of the city of Cosmopolitan Bangalore, now known as Bengaluru. It is unique because in the canvas of India, the facets of communal harmony come to the core through this festival and so many others. However, with the changes in time and modernity appearing with new generations coming to the fore in greater numbers, will we as a people be able to hold on to the cultural ethos of a time that has gotten us to freeze in history and heritage? The researchers ask the primordial question regarding the future of this festival, and if it will be in the same shape and form. How should the federal and provincial governments intervene to ensure the festival, the Jatre moves ahead, binding us as humanity.
A Review of Corporate Social Responsibility Literature and Future Directions
Authors: Tajpour Mehdi , Farsi Jahangir Yadollahi , Mohsen Brahmi
Published: April 2023

Corporate social responsibility is deemed as a component that influences a company or survival of the organization. Although it has drawn considerable attention, whether a comprehensive model has been presented is a key question that has yet remained unanswered. The present chapter aims to propose an inclusive model of corporate social responsibility based on the definitions and concepts developed by another researcher. This paper expresses a different perspective on using literature review to extract corporate social responsibility dimensions and measures that make this research different from previous studies. In this regard, 317 papers on corporate social responsibility were selected which their theoretical frameworks, methodologies, theoretical gaps have been reviewed. The results indicate that CSR has been recognized and widely used in companies or organizations. Since ethical, environmental, economic, and psychological concerns have not been taken into account individually. The direction of future research is presented.
Investigating L2 Pragmatic Development in Tandem Telecollaboration
Authors: Nuzzo Elena , Donato Clorinda
Published: April 2023

This study aims to triangulate the results of the pragmalinguistic analysis of L1/L2 English criticisms and suggestions carried out in a previous study with the ratings of speakers of US English. Five students from a Californian university were asked to rate the pragmatic appropriateness of three Italian learners' and four L1 or highly proficient speakers' use of English during the peer feedback discussion phases of e-tandem interactions. A pragmatic assessment questionnaire was purposely developed for the rating, and the raters were trained to focus on the pragmatic aspects of the speakers' productions. The study did not confirm the evidence for incidental pragmatics learning emerged in Del Bono and Nuzzo. However, the triangulation of findings revealed that the raters focused on the same features addressed in the previous analysis.
L1 Transfer in Performing Apologies
Authors: Di Sarno-García Sofia
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the strategies used to apologize by Spanish-speaking students who engaged in a telecollaboration project with their English-speaking counterparts. The data were collected from synchronous Zoom sessions where students carried out open role-playing tasks to elicit their use of apologies, which were analyzed through quantitative content analysis. The results showed that apart from the strategies classified according to the proposed taxonomy, some learners also used other strategies which did not fit in any of the categories proposed. It is believed that those strategies were transferred from the students' L1. The findings showed that the most frequent L1 strategy was “I hope that you understand,” which is not usually employed by L1 speakers of English after an apology. Nevertheless, a general pattern to apologize was not found in the data collected, but rather three different sub-patterns were identified.
Multicultural Encounters and Intercultural Dialogue
Authors: Clouet Richard
Published: April 2023

The development of the intercultural communicative competence of a group of 18 students who participated in a three-week online language program is presented. The quantitative and qualitative analyses carried out through questionnaires and oral presentations reveal that even a short-term online language program can become an enriching experience to distance oneself from one's own cultural habits, to show empathy, and even to acquire the ability to communicate with others, as well as improving linguistic and cultural skills. Furthermore, the study highlights the usefulness and advantages of information and communication technologies not only in erasing geographical barriers and providing access to an extensive amount of cultural and linguistic content, but also in enabling effective communication between people of different languages and cultures, and above all in developing, consciously or unconsciously, intercultural communicative competence through contacts with others.
Words Out of Feelings
Authors: Salomão Ana Cristina Biondo , Viana da Silva Eduardo
Published: April 2023

The exploratory research presented in this chapter was conducted in a virtual exchange with 92 students from Brazil and the U.S. in the context of the Teletandem Brasil Project (http://www.teletandembrasil.org/). The study analyzes the roles of global competence and emotional intelligence (Goleman, 2001; Zeidner et al., 2009) in discussions about the Amazon rainforest, forests in Alaska, and the challenges faced by Indigenous populations in Brazil and in the U.S. The data of pre-task surveys and collaborative tasks is analyzed following Goleman's (2001) model of emotional competences and the global competence matrix (2011). The results have implications for language learning and telecollaborative environments in relation to the intentionality and choices in the design of tasks and their potential for raising critical thinking and global competence.
University Student Perceptions of Transversal Competence Development in Virtual Exchange
Authors: Rámila Díaz Noemi , Vinagre Margarita
Published: April 2023

Recent studies have shown that, despite the importance of transversal competences for life-long learning and employability, their development and assessment in education to date have been limited to only a few of those competences. The objective of this chapter is to present the findings from a project that aimed to foster participants' competence development in virtual exchange. Answers to an end of project questionnaire were analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC) and qualitatively using Grounded theory in order to provide a rich and multi-faceted perspective on students' perceptions regarding how virtual exchange had contributed to enhance their competences in this environment. Results suggest that students developed instrumental, interpersonal, and systemic competences through participation in virtual exchange and that teamwork proved to be pivotal in the development of some of these competences.
Telecollaboration as a Tool to Design Fictitious Sustainable Start-Ups in an ESP Context
Authors: Pomposo Mª Lourdes , Martinez Antonio
Published: April 2023

Language instructors teaching English for specific purposes in engineering contexts are required to design varied materials aimed at helping their students familiarize themselves with their subject matter areas in English and develop the skills which will be necessary in their professional careers. This chapter explores the implementation of telecollaborative activities in an ESP course addressed to undergraduates. Apart from linguistic and digital skills, these tasks aimed to help them develop their civic and entrepreneurial competences. The participants had to use their knowledge and expertise to design a fictitious start-up which would help humanity live more sustainably. To do so, 49 students worked in groups to design a virtual poster presentation illustrating their results. Data were collected through observation, a pre- and post-task questionnaire, and video recordings of participants' online interactions. Results show that they were better able to identify new opportunities, develop productive ideas, take the initiative, or work better in teams, among others.
An AI-Based Efficient Model for the Classification of Traffic Signals Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Nayak Manjushree , Dass Ashish Kumar , Kshatri Sapna Singh
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study is to build a model for the classification of traffic signs available in the image into many categories using a CNN and Keras library to detect the traffic sign. The goal of the traffic sign recognition is to build a deep neural network (DNN), which is used to classify traffic signs. The authors suggest training the model so it can decode traffic signs from natural images using the German Traffic Sign Dataset. This data should be firstly preprocessed in order to maximize the model performance. After choosing model architecture, fine tuning, and training, the model will be tested on new images of traffic signs found on the web. Because it deals with image classification, a convolutional neural network is chosen as a type of DNN, which is a common choice for this type of problem. The code is written in Python with use of tensor flow library. The proposed CNN model identifies traffic signs and classifies them with 95% accuracy. GUI of this model makes it easy to understand how signs are classified into several classes.
A Critical Glance on the Use of Blockchain in Business and Its Futuristic Approach
Authors: Bhanot Astha
Published: April 2023

This chapter's goal is to assess blockchain technology's potential, current condition, and how some aspects of this revolutionary creation could change how “business as usual” is done across various industries. This study unifies the theoretical background of a profusion of research articles published in highly regarded scientific journals over the past 10 years, as well as some findings, in order to streamline the review and cover the rapidly growing blockchain domain. The researcher suggests a thorough classification of blockchain-enabled applications covering a range of industries, including supply chain, business, health, IoT, privacy, data management, and others based on a structured, systematic review and thematic content analysis of the current literature. It also draws attention to important themes, patterns, and fresh study opportunities along with the defects in the previously disclosed information, namely the limits of the blockchain technology and how these constraints affect businesses as well as other sectors of the economy.
Transformation of the Telecom Industry as a Result of Blockchain Technology in India
Authors: Minz Srishti Shaifali , Mikkilineni Ravi , Dewangan Shweta
Published: April 2023

The study analyses the transformation of the telecom industry through blockchain technology as instructed by TRAI. India is a developing country where many sectors depend on telecommunication, which made the telecom industry adopt blockchain technology to eliminate various shortcomings and provide security, transparency, immutability, and control from the point of transaction and have an immediate and tangible value to roaming and settlements, identity management, mobile number portability, SLA monitoring, prevention of phone theft, and by creating a single source of truth of networks. Other use cases emerge including 5G participants with blockchain, telecom infrastructure marketplace, payments through mobile wallets, device identity, security management to elucidate timeworn industry disputes, unveiling of latest products and services with security, and drive growth to the new world of digital transformation.
Blockchain Technology
Authors: Barde Snehlata , Barde Aaryan
Published: April 2023

Blockchain is an emerging technology and has gained trust in the world of tech in no time. Data is the most important asset for any organization or institute as it holds the base of all information. Every now and then, cases of data leaking, piracy, and stealing could be found in many companies, businesses, industries, and markets ruining the database and causing hindrance to growth. This is where blockchain acts as a savior for these business and industrial organizations by protecting their data and transactions. Blockchain is a method of recording and handling data that makes it tough for the system to be altered, hacked, or manipulated by illegal sources. “Block” of public or the “chain” is the assembly that keeps transactional records which is connected by peer-to-peer nodes. This storage is also known as a “digital ledger.” It can be defined as a distributed ledger that replicates and allocates the transactions across the network of computers contributing to the blockchain.
Effective Leadership Practices in Schools
Authors: Al Shebli Ayeda
Published: April 2023

Effective leadership styles or practices are linked with a teacher's decision to quit or stay with an organization. Therefore, this chapter has focused on the effective leadership practices that can help to reduce teacher turnover in schools, which is a pressing issue in school education nowadays. The chapter has gathered the data from the literature to reveal the effective practices leading to a reduction in teacher turnover. The results revealed that school leaders should follow practices including ensuring job satisfaction, improving working conditions, providing mentorship, resolving disciplinary issues related to students, working on developing better collegial relationships, and providing compensations, incentives, and recognition to teachers.
Leadership in Continuous School Improvement
Authors: Hamdan Suleiman M. , Fradi Gihan
Published: April 2023

School improvement represents a collaborative cyclical process driven by the school's vision and performance data with the goal to improve students' outcomes. The authors seek to demonstrate starting points and practical ideas in planning and implementation of school improvement, while identifying the major elements and factors that influence the processes and systems of improvement. The chapter draws on some of the best ideas that emerged in school improvement research using a step-by-step approach to the development of an effective school improvement plan, including an outline of an effective school improvement plan, school self-evaluation, the role of the vision and mission, the impact factors leading to successful improvement, monitoring and evaluating progress on defined and specific actions, input-output process, data-driven decision making, the role of stakeholders, and the role of professional development and measuring its impact.
Leadership and Turnover Intention in UAE Public Schools
Authors: Aljanahi Mohammed Humaid , Aljanahi Mona Humaid , Alzarouni Abdulla
Published: April 2023

This chapter explores the relationship between leadership styles and turnover intention in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) public schools, in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi to be specific. The chapter particularly discusses the effect of a principals' transformational leadership and transactional leadership style on school faculty and staff intention to stay at the organizations. Further analysis will shed light on the relationship between leadership and turnover through logistical regression analysis. The chapter also highlights the current state of education in the UAE, leadership in public schools, and turnover intention in the public sector. Through this chapter, stakeholders, including principals, educators, public personnel, and policymakers, will better understand the implications of specific leadership styles in the GCC, particularly the UAE.
Accountability and Organizational Effectiveness in Education
Authors: Doğan Özcan , Ayduğ Damla
Published: April 2023

The concept of accountability implies that administrators should take responsibility and comply with certain rules and standards in fulfilling this responsibility. Accountability creates the obligation to give explanations and is an indispensable element of democratic systems. Within the scope of accountability in education, the concept of accountability, types of accountability, benefits of accountability, and criticisms against accountability were mentioned. The term school effectiveness is used to describe educational research that is concerned with investigating differences within and between schools. Within the scope of organizational effectiveness in education, organizational effectiveness, organizational effectiveness in schools, and characteristics of effective schools were mentioned.
Entrepreneurship in Education in a Developing Country Context
Authors: Katono Isaac Wasswa
Published: April 2023

Private primary schools are profit-oriented startups by individuals or private organizations solely funded and run by them without any financial contribution from the consolidated fund. The COVID-19 pandemic devastated all sectors of the economy in Uganda; however, the blow by this pandemic against entrepreneurial private schools was devastating. Through a review of journal articles, government reports, books, and other pertinent material, this study set out to investigate the constraints that these entrepreneurial projects face in Uganda today. The study finds that private schools face a number of problems some of which have been worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as lack of financial resources, inability to service bank loans, taxation, inadequate infrastructure, inadequate government regulation, and the proposed government controls on school fees. The study discusses the implications of these constraints and makes appropriate recommendations to mitigate them.
Dehumanising and De-Africanising Public Diplomacy
Authors: Endong Floribert Patrick C.
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought to the fore not only the centrality of Western digital technologies, but also a number of philosophico-cultural issues. Two of such cultural issues in the domain of digital diplomacy have been the de-Africanisation and dehumanisation of African digital diplomacy. These two issues have partly stemmed from the popular African myth that cybercultures in general and the digitalisation of African diplomacy in particular are disruptive forces that could negatively affect the traditional African values that have since independence been upheld by African governments in their conduct of public diplomacy. A related theory states that digitalisation may only de-humanise and de-Africanise public diplomacy. Using secondary sources and critical observations, this chapter examines the extent to which the above-mentioned fears are justified. The chapter specifically explores how digitalisation could affect specific African traditional values. It also examines the extent to which digitisation is susceptible to de-humanise or/and de-Africanise African public diplomacy.
Isolation of the rare opportunistic yeast Saprochaete capitata from clinical specimens of patients with SARS CoV 2 infection
Authors: Russo G. , Ponzo E. , Avola M. , Morabito G. , Danna G. , Fascetto V. , Mancuso G.
Published: April 2023

Not available.
Role of dietary habits in menstrual disorders among adolescent girls in Navi Mumbai, Western Maharashtra
Authors: Talekar Vaishali , Singh Maharaj , Kamble Kalpana , Mane Dhirajkumar
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

India is a developing country where malnutrition is the most common problems; we are dealing with emerging problems of consumption of convenience food and street food. These foods are easily available, awesome taste, have some packages and advertisements which attracts the new generations and skipping meals starts. Adolescent girls are getting the problems of overweight, underweight, thyroid disorders, anemia, and other hematological disorders. Ultimate aim of this research is to find out an association about between dietary habits and menstrual disorders in adolescent girls.

METHODOLOGY:

An observational study was carried out in adolescent girls of MGM School, Navi Mumbai, India, from October 2021 to December 2021, to find out the relation between dietary pattern verses menstrual disorders among adolescent girls. Numerical pain scale, modified women's health questionnaire, and daily diary were used to collect data from 100 adolescent girls. Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used to select adolescent girls.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 24.0 software.

RESULTS:

The average age of menarche was 12.9 ± 2.7 years. The study showed that girls experienced moderate menstrual pain (54%), severe menstrual pain (21%), and premenstrual symptoms in 36% of adolescence girls. More than 42% of participants were eating street food and many of the girls had habits of skipping the meals in the afternoon. It was found that there was a significant association between dietary habits and menstrual problems (P ≤ 0.0001). The correlation coefficient between dietary habits and menstrual disorders was identified as r = 0.7 with P < 0.05.

CONCLUSION:

The menstrual disorders were arising problems among girls of schools of Navi Mumbai. Daily intake of appropriate amount of protein, CHO, fat, vitamins, and minerals can help reduce menstrual problems facing by adolescent girls.
Humeroplasty for Pain Control in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Hernández-Porras B. Carolina , Plancarte Ricardo , Koyyalagunta Dhanalakshmi , Diwan Sudhir , Mota Karla
Published: April 2023

Pathological fractures in patients with primary skeletal cancer or metastases are associated with significant morbidity and poor prognosis. We present three cases of patients with osseous pain despite having received radiotherapy and multimodal analgesic management. Humeroplasty was offered to treat pain and decrease the risk of fracture. We report three patients with osseous pain secondary to osteolytic tumoral activity in the humerus and a Mirels score >7. Humeroplasty was performed under sedation and under fluoroscopy guidance. The three patients reported a decrease in pain most significantly with incidental pain and improved mobility. There were no fractures noted and no other complications. Percutaneous humeroplasty could be an option in multiple myeloma patients with impending humeral fractures, especially when the osteolytic lesion is localized in the humeral head. The procedure provided good pain relief to the patient. However, more studies should be conducted to asses efficacy and complications.
Efficacy of Radiofrequency Lesioning for Chronic Spinal Pain
Authors: Gautam Sujeet , Singh Pratibha , Gopal Vineetha G. , Agarwal Anil , Kumar Sanjay , Khuba Sandeep , Shamshery Chetna
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Facet joint pain, discogenic pain, sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain, and radicular pain are chronic spinal pain conditions, where radiofrequency (RF) lesioning has been used so far with variable results. It is always desired to choose a therapeutic option based on its current evidence. The present systematic review has focused on the efficacy of RF lesioning for chronic spinal pain conditions.

Methods:

A literature search was done in PubMed from the year 1966 onward. The basic idea of the literature search was to find out studies focusing on RF lesioning for chronic spinal pain. The randomized controlled trials and observational studies focusing on RF lesioning for chronic spinal pain of more than 3 months duration have been included in this review.

Results:

A total of 286 studies have been identified after literature search and assessed for inclusion in this review. Forty-two of these studies meeting the inclusion criteria have been included for the formulation of evidence; 26 of these studies were of high quality, 14 were of moderate quality, and 2 were of low quality as per Cochrane review criteria score. The level of evidence for RF lesioning of conditions giving rise to nonradicular pain is Level I for continuous RF lesioning of lumbar facet medial branch, for both short- and long-term effectiveness; level II evidence for continuous RF lesioning of cervical facet medial branch, continuous RF or cooled RF lesioning of SIJ and bipolar cooled RF in intradiscal biacuplasty for discogenic pain, for both short- and long-term effectiveness; level III evidence for continuous RF lesioning of thoracic facet medial branch. For radicular pain management, there is Level II evidence for dorsal root ganglion (DRG) pulsed RF lesioning, for both short- and long-term effectiveness.

Conclusion:

The evidence for RF lesioning of chronic spinal pain is summarized as follows:
A Rare Event of Trigeminocardiac Reflex during Mandibular Branch of Trigeminal Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation
Authors: Dara Sudheer , Gotety Sahitya Valli , Chandra Minal
Published: April 2023

We at Our Pain Clinic witnessed a rare event of recurrent bradycardia and hypotension during radiofrequency ablation of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve. A 48-year-old lady with trigeminal neuralgia in left V3 distribution was posted for V3 division rhizotomy under fluoroscopy. The patient had transient episodes of bradycardia and hypotension during the procedure. The patient had transient episodes of bradycardia and hypotension during the procedure. HR and BP were reverted to baseline with injection atropine and intravenous fluids. This response is most likely attributed to trigemino cardiac reflex, which occurs due to inadvertent stimulation of trigeminal nerve.
Ultrasound-Guided Supraorbital Radiofrequency Ablation for V1 Postherpetic Neuralgia
Authors: Silva-Ortiz Victor M , Diwan Sudhir , Kothari Kailash , Santiago Margarita , López Anna Gisse , Martínez Luis Alberto
Published: April 2023

Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) affecting the first division of the trigeminal nerve (TrN) (V1) is a difficult to manage condition, characterized by neuropathic symptoms such as burning sensation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia that continues even after the resolution of the acute phase and decreasing the patient's quality of life. Interventional procedures such as Gasserian Ganglion continuous radiofrequency (CRF) have been performed to control pain despite the possible complications involving V1 division. We present the case of a 47-year-old male with PHN at V1 successfully treated with ultrasound-guided CRF at the supraorbital foramen. Postherpetic, neuralgia, TrN, facial pain, neuropathic pain, trigeminal ganglion, interventional ultrasonography, chronic pain, and hyperalgesia.
Correlation of Cephalo-Facial Parameters with Body Height in Indian and African Students of a University in North India
Authors: Nair Sreekala C. , Samanta Prajna Paramita , Kharb Poonam
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

In forensic anthropology, body height or stature estimation is important for identification of missing persons. Stature has a proportional relationship with different parts of the human body including cephalo-facial region. The cephalo-facial indices are different for different people. Therefore, they may help in stature reconstruction and identification of a person. The study was conducted to find out if there is any correlation between four cephalo-facial parameters and body height and to derive regression formulae in Indian and African students.

Material and Methods:

The present study was conducted on 170 students of a University in North India belonging to two different races, i.e., Indian (85) and African (85). Stature and four cephalo-facial dimensions, i.e., maximum head length (MHL), horizontal head circumference (HHC), morphological facial length (MFL) and bigonial diameter (BD) were measured. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 15.

Results:

In both Indian and African students all the four cephalo-facial parameters, i.e., MHL, HHC, MFL, and BD showed a positive correlation with stature (P < 0.001). It was found that in Indians the strongest correlation of stature was with MHL and least correlation was with HHC. In Africans, the highest correlation was observed with MHL and lowest with BD.

Discussion and Conclusion:

In this study, it was found that among the cephalo-facial parameters, cephalic parameters are more reliable than facial parameters. Out of the two cephalic parameters HHC was found to be more reliable than MHL in the estimation of stature in both Indian and African students. The regression equations derived turned out to be population/race-specific and therefore, cannot be generalized for all population groups.
Health-promoting domains and lifestyle of a sample of Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Guedes Dartagnan Pinto , Zuppa Marizete Arenhart , Yamaji Bruna Hatsue Santos
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

Reports indicate that the health habits of adults are strongly linked to the behaviors incorporated in adolescence. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the lifestyle of adolescents to promote their present and future health. This study aimed to identify differences in health-promoting domains according to demographic data and lifestyle behaviors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, and food intake, in a sample of Brazilian adolescents.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Cross-sectional school-based study, with the participation of 306 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years. A questionnaire was applied with structured questions to collect demographic data and lifestyle behaviors. To examine the health-promoting domains the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (AHPS) was used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis.

RESULTS:

Scores attributed to each of the health-promoting domains showed substantial variations according to sex, age, year of study, parents' schooling, and family economic class. After adjustment for covariables, the adolescent who presented significantly higher scores equivalent to the overall index of health promotion reported being more physically active (F = 4.848; P = 0.009), sleeping 6–8 hours/night (F = 2.328; P = 0.046), consuming fruit/vegetable more frequently (F = 3.168; P = 0.024), while sedentary behavior and intake of sweetened products/soft drinks have not shown any significant effect.

CONCLUSION:

The findings confirmed the consistent positive influence of health-promoting domains assessed by AHPS on healthy lifestyle behaviors, suggesting in the intervention programs aimed at adopting healthy lifestyle approaches it is important enough to contemplate actions aimed at all the areas of health promotion with characteristics aimed at nutrition behavior, social support, health responsibility, life appreciation, exercise behavior, and stress management.
Psychometric properties of Persian version of child and youth resilience measure-revised in children
Authors: Aghebati Asma , Khosrovanmehr Najmeh , Mohammadi Gelavizh , Farahani Hojjatolla , Ahadianfard Pantea
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

Resilience is both the individuals' capacity to navigate their way to the resources that sustain their well-being in the context of exposure to adversity and their capacity to negotiate for resources to be accessed. Hence, it is crucial for clinical settings and research centers to have access to a valid and reliable scale that can measure different components of resilience. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and cultural adaptation of the Persian version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-revised (CYRM-R) in Children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study includes the standard procedure of translation of the CYRM-R and Person Most Knowledgeable–Child and Youth Resilience Measure–revised (PMK-CYRM-R), exploration of the goodness-of-fit, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of a sample of 200 parents or caregivers and their children aged 5 to 9 years who were selected by convenient sampling in Tehran, Iran. CYRM-R, PMK-CYRM-R, and The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were completed by participants. Also, internal consistency, face, content, and criterion validity were investigated.

RESULTS:

A two-factor structure of CYRM-R for Iranian children was identified by CFA: Personal and Caregiver. Results indicated adequate goodness-of-fit and strong internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88). Acceptable face, content, and criterion validity of the CYRM-R were reported by positive correlation to the PMK-CYRM-R. No significant relation was found between CYRM-R and SDQ.

CONCLUSION:

Findings of the present study support the robust psychometric properties and cultural adaptation of the CYRM-R in Iranian children.