bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Configurations of Ambidextrous Innovation and Its Performance Implication in the Context of Digital Transformation
Authors: Zhao Jianxin , Gao Pengbin
Published: February 2024

Although previous studies have predominantly dealt with innovation ambidexterity, they have only focused on a single innovation activity and overlooked the interaction of innovation activities. Drawing on organizational ambidexterity theory, this study established four types of innovation configurations: dual exploration (technology exploration and business model exploration), business model leveraging (technology exploration and business model exploitation), technology leveraging (technology exploitation and business model exploration), and dual exploitation (technology exploitation and business model exploitation). Using the panel data of 613 listed manufacturing firms in China, this study examined whether and how configurations of ambidextrous innovation affect firm performance in the context of digital transformation. Empirical results provide evidence that a dual exploration and technology leveraging strategy has a positive impact on firm performance, while a dual exploitation and business model leveraging strategy has the opposite effect and is subject to the moderating influence of the level of digitalization. Under high levels of digitalization, the positive effect of the dual exploration strategy on firm performance becomes more significant, while the effects of others are weakened. This study contributes to the organizational ambidexterity literature by providing a finer-grained understanding of the effect of ambidextrous innovation from a configurational perspective. This study also contributes to the digitalization transformation literature by revealing the moderating role of digitalization.
Complexing Protein-Free Botulinum Neurotoxin A Formulations: Implications of Excipients for Immunogenicity
Authors: Martin Michael Uwe , Frevert Juergen , Tay Clifton Ming
Published: February 2024

The formation of neutralizing antibodies is a growing concern in the use of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) as it may result in secondary treatment failure. Differences in the immunogenicity of BoNT/A formulations have been attributed to the presence of pharmacologically unnecessary bacterial components. Reportedly, the rate of antibody-mediated secondary non-response is lowest in complexing protein-free (CF) IncobotulinumtoxinA (INCO). Here, the published data and literature on the composition and properties of the three commercially available CF-BoNT/A formulations, namely, INCO, Coretox® (CORE), and DaxibotulinumtoxinA (DAXI), are reviewed to elucidate the implications for their potential immunogenicity. While all three BoNT/A formulations are free of complexing proteins and contain the core BoNT/A molecule as the active pharmaceutical ingredient, they differ in their production protocols and excipients, which may affect their immunogenicity. INCO contains only two immunologically inconspicuous excipients, namely, human serum albumin and sucrose, and has demonstrated low immunogenicity in daily practice and clinical studies for more than ten years. DAXI contains four excipients, namely, L-histidine, trehalosedihydrate, polysorbate 20, and the highly charged RTP004 peptide, of which the latter two may increase the immunogenicity of BoNT/A by introducing neo-epitopes. In early clinical studies with DAXI, antibodies against BoNT/A and RTP004 were found at low frequencies; however, the follow-up period was critically short, with a maximum of three injections. CORE contains four excipients: L-methionine, sucrose, NaCl, and polysorbate 20. Presently, no data are available on the immunogenicity of CORE in human beings. It remains to be seen whether all three CF BoNT/A formulations demonstrate the same low immunogenicity in patients over a long period of time.
Proposal for an Electromagnetic Mass Formula for the X17 Particle
Authors: Varró Sándor
Published: February 2024

Recent observations of anomalous angular correlations of electron–positron pairs in several nuclear reactions have indicated the existence of a hypothetical neutral boson of rest mass ~17 MeV/c2, called the X17 particle. Similarly, one has interpreted an independent set of experiments on photon pair spectra around the invariant mass ~38 MeV/c2, by assuming the existence of the so-called E38 particle. In the present paper, we derive analytical mass formulas for the X17 particle and the E38 particle, on the basis of quantum electrodynamics. We shall use the exact solutions of the Dirac equation of the joint system of a charged particle and plane waves of the quantized electromagnetic radiation. When these solutions are applied to a proton, they lead to dressed radiation quanta with a rest mass of 17.0087 MeV/c2, which may be identified with the X17 vector bosons. A similar consideration, applied to the udd quarks of the neutron, yields dressed quanta, whose mass equals 37.9938 MeV/c2, corresponding to the E38 particle. These formulas, besides the Sommerfeld fine structure constant and the masses of the nucleons, do not contain any adjustable parameters. The present analysis also delivers the value 0.846299 fm for the proton radius.
A Loop Quantum-Corrected Family of Chiral Cosmology Models
Authors: Díaz-Barrón Luis Rey , Espinoza-García Abraham , Pérez-Payán Sinuhé Alejandro , Socorro J.
Published: February 2024

We construct and examine a holonomy-corrected chiral fields model of cosmological relevance. Specifically, we holonomize the Hamiltonian corresponding to a quintom field scenario with additional kinetic interaction (governed by the constant chiral metric, mab) on a flat FLRW background and contrast the resulting model with the corresponding purely classical system. In particular, it is shown that the single LQC bouncing stage is ensured to be realized, provided the full chiral kinetic energy function does not change sign during evolution. (As preparation, a particularly simple k-essence field is examined within the effective LQC scheme; some exact solutions are obtained in the process.) Additionally, under the said assumption, it is established that the landmark bouncing mechanism of standard (effective) LQC is still guaranteed to be featured even when taking any finite number of fields ϕ1,…ϕm and mab to be dependent on such fields (the particular zero-potential case corresponding to a family of simple purely kinetic k-essence multi-field cosmology models).
The Dynamic Risk of COVID-19-Related Events in Vaccinated Healthcare Workers (HCWs) from a Tertiary Hospital in Bucharest, Romania: A Study Based on Active Surveillance Data
Authors: Chivu Carmen-Daniela , Crăciun Maria-Dorina , Pițigoi Daniela , Aramă Victoria , Luminos Monica Luminița , Jugulete Gheorghiță , Constantin Ciprian , Apostolescu Cătălin Gabriel , Streinu Cercel Adrian
Published: February 2024

Our study describes the frequency and severity of COVID-19 in HCWs and estimates the dynamic risk of COVID-19-related events. We actively surveyed all HCWs from a tertiary infectious disease hospital from 26 February 2020 to 31 May 2023. Of 1220 HCWs, 62.9% (767) had at least one COVID-19 episode. The under 29 years (p = 0.0001) and 40–49 years (p = 0.01) age groups, nurses (p = 0.0001), and high-risk departments (p = 0.037) were characteristics significantly more frequent in HCWs with COVID-19 history. A higher percentage of boosters (53.2%; p < 0.0001) were registered in the uninfected group. The second episode of COVID-19 was significantly milder than the first. Data regarding clinical outcomes from 31 January 2021 to 31 May 2023 were analyzed in a follow-up study to determine the risk of COVID-19-related events. The Cox regression analysis revealed that HCWs with booster shots had a lower risk of COVID-19 across all events, symptomatic events, and moderate to severe events as adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) were: 0.71 (95%CI: 0.54–0.96), 0.23 (95%CI: 0.12–0.46), and 0.17 (95%CI: 0.07–0.43), respectively. Within the vaccinated subgroup, the HCWs with hybrid immunity and booster had aHR for all followed-up events of 0.42 (95%CI: 0.30–0.58), for symptomatic events of 0.52 (95%CI: 0.36–0.74), and 0.15 (95%CI: 0.03–0.66) for moderate to severe events. The risk of COVID-19 clinical events was lower for HCWs with at least one booster than those completely vaccinated.
Sustainable Dengue Prevention and Management: Integrating Dengue Vaccination Strategies with Population Perspectives
Authors: Shafie Asrul Akmal , Moreira Edson Duarte , Vidal Gabriela , Di Pasquale Alberta , Green Andrew , Tai Rie , Yoong Joanne
Published: February 2024

The GEMKAP study (2023) unveiled consistent knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) levels across Asia-Pacific (APAC) and Latin America (LATAM) countries regarding dengue, with variations in the willingness to vaccinate. Despite an overall KAP parity, the disparities within and between the countries indicated the need for both overarching and tailored strategies. Population-wide gaps in dengue awareness result in suboptimal vaccination priorities and preventive measures. This commentary delves into identifying the drivers and barriers for implementing a multi-pronged dengue prevention and management program, emphasizing the pivotal role of vaccination alongside education and vector control. Drawing on expert interviews in APAC and LATAM, informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), four key themes emerged: prioritizing and continuously advocating for dengue on national health agendas, fostering stakeholder collaboration, incorporating population perspectives for behavioral change, and designing sustainable dengue prevention and management programs. Successful implementation requires evidence-based decision making and a comprehensive understanding of population dynamics to design adaptive education tailored to diverse population views. This commentary provides actionable strategies for enhancing dengue prevention and management, with a pronounced emphasis on dengue vaccination, advocating for a holistic, population-centric approach for sustained effectiveness.
Perception about the Major Health Challenges in Different Swine Production Stages in Spain
Authors: Meléndez Alba , Tejedor María Teresa , Mitjana Olga , Falceto María Victoria , Garza-Moreno Laura
Published: February 2024

One of the main challenges for the sustainability and productivity of the Spanish swine industry is health instability, resulting in significant economic losses. Information on the main swine diseases which affect the Spanish pig industry could help in optimizing the efforts within control programs. This study determined the frequency of occurrence of the main diseases in Spain and the main control tool used, based on perceptions from veterinarians and consultants in a specific survey. Results showed that Streptococcus (S.) suis, E. coli, and coccidia are the most frequent pathogens in the gestation and lactation phase, whereas the most important were Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV). In the nursery phase, the most frequent were S. suis, E. coli, and PRRSV, the latter being the most important for the participants. Finally, in the fattening phase, PRRSV and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were the most frequent and important pathogen, respectively. Statistical differences among responses were detected with respect to the location and the gestation and lactation phases by farm size. Regarding the tools used for controlling the diseases, vaccination was the main strategy in all production phases, except in the fattening period, in which antibiotherapy was the most common response from the participants. Finally, the improvement of management practices was the most proposed tool, suggesting its importance within control programs.
Identification of Sarcocystis and Trichinella Species in Muscles of Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) from Lithuania
Authors: Juozaitytė-Ngugu Evelina , Maziliauskaitė Evelina , Kirjušina Muza , Prakas Petras , Vaitkevičiūtė Rasa , Stankevičiūtė Jolanta , Butkauskas Dalius
Published: February 2024

Apicomplexan Sarcocystis and Trichinella nematodes are food-borne parasites whose life cycle is carried-out in various wildlife and domestic animals. The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is an apex predator acting as an ecosystem engineer. This study aimed to identify the species of Sarcocystis and Trichinella found in the muscles of gray wolves in Lithuania. During the 2017–2022 period, diaphragm, heart, and hind leg samples of 15 animals were examined. Microscopical analysis showed the presence of two types of Sarcocystis parasites in 26.7% of the analyzed muscle samples. Based on the sequencing of five loci, nuclear 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, ITS1, mitochondrial cox1, and apicoplast rpoB, S. arctica, and S. svanai were identified. The current work presents the first report of S. svanai in gray wolf. Phylogenetically, S. svanai clustered together with S. lutrae, infecting various carnivorans, and S. arctica was most closely related to S. felis from domestic cats. Trichinella spp. were found in 12 gray wolves (80%). For the first time, Trichinella species were molecularly identified in gray wolves from Lithuania. Trichinella britovi was confirmed in all of the isolated Trichinella larvae using a multiplex PCR. Gray wolves in Lithuania may serve as a major source of zoonotic pathogens due to the presence of these parasites.
Exploring Endogenous and Exogenous Factors for Successful Artificial Insemination in Sheep: A Global Overview
Authors: El Amiri Bouchra , Rahim Abdellatif
Published: February 2024

Artificial insemination (AI) plays a vital role in animal breeding programs. AI is applied to enhance animal genetics and facilitate the widespread integration of desirable characteristics with a high potential for productivity. However, in sheep, this biotechnology is not commonly practicable due to multi-factorial challenges, resulting in inconsistent outcomes and unpredictable results. Thoughtful selection of semen donors and recipients based on genetic merit deeply impacts ovine AI outcomes. Additionally, endogenous factors such as breed, age, fertility traits, genetic disorders, and cervical anatomy in ewes contribute to ovine AI success. Extensive research has studied exogenous influences on sexual behavior, reproductive health, and hormonal regulation, all impacting ovine AI success. These exogenous factors include techniques like estrus induction, synchronization, semen handling methods (fresh/chilled/frozen), and insemination methods (cervical/laparoscopic), as well as nutritional factors and climatic conditions. This overview of the literature highlights the endogenous and exogenous challenges facing successful ovine AI and proposes strategies and best practices for improvement. This paper will serve as a guide for understanding and optimizing the success of ovine AI.
Stream of consciousness... Thought experiment t1
Authors:   Union of cinematographers of Russia, film Director, screenwriter, Kuzin Yu.V.
Published: February 2024

By demonstrating a thought experiment to stop the stream of consciousness, the concept of consciousness as a complex system with an ever-increasing number of constants is substantiated. Based on the results of the experiment, the principle of communicative uncertainty is derived, on the basis of which an understanding of consciousness is proposed as a continuum of subject-object dominants.
Militant primitivism of F.I. Girenok and the logic of “cultural” self-awareness
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Belyaev V. A.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the speech of F.I. Girenok at the Philosophical Council in 2022. The author identifies two components in Girenko’s position. The first is primitivism in thinking. The author examines the logic of sociocultural primitivism in its many historical manifestations, highlighting its ideal-typical form. The logic of primitivism is revealed as a response to the negatively understood complexity of sociocultural existence. The second component is “cultural” self-awareness. The author reveals the logic of this type of self-awareness, contrasting it with “postcultural-intercultural” self-awareness. At the same time, the logic of the sociocultural development of humanity is affirmed as moving in a “postcultural” direction. The author reveals a negative version of “cultural” self-awareness as a closure on one’s system of ultimate ideas about the world. Girenko's philosophical position is considered as a combination of an extreme version of primitivism with an extreme version of “cultural” self-awareness.
Use traditional stage tricks Vietnam in building the product “Edip the king”
Authors:   Hanoi, Vietnam, Lai Bui Nhu
Published: February 2024

With staging work, at each stage, the director tries to choose "narratives" that has a bit of estimated and stylized direction of the traditional theater because they realize that, nowadays, the application of attributes such as: estimation and stylization in stage decoration have become a trend in many countries.
Espacialidade e sentido musical incorporado: sobre a redução da complexidade musical pela linguagem
Authors: Nogueira Marcos
Published: February 2024

From the advent of experimental research on embodied cognition, it was empirically verified that sensorimotor processes, which are the body's orientation and readiness to act in space, condition and regulate the connection modes of cognitive contents, thus allowing the mind to transcend space. Therefore, abstract thinking is inextricably connected to sensorimotor functions and, thus, to the spatial structure of body interactions in the world. It should be noted that the experiences of "occupying" space — sensorimotor — are previous to the expe-riences of "conceptualization" of space — symbolic. The present work is anchored to the hy-pothesis that spatial hegemony in our perceptual and cognitive system is based on the fact that the individual retains and prioritizes spatial meanings — discarding the formation of other possible types of meanings — because spatial objectivity offers to memory faster and more accurate performance. Therefore, I understand that to attribute "materiality" to musical objects and thus construct the embodied meanings of music, we must first reduce the density of the sonic environment, enabling the understanding of the musical flow in coexistent and interacting modalities of configurative coherence.
Categorização e esquemas de imagem em música: sobre um protoloco experimental
Authors: de Mello Nilo Rafael Baptista
Published: February 2024

The abstract nature of music raises questions about how listeners perceive the musical flow. Only through research that seeks to understand the mechanisms and tools the human mind uses to grasp the musical flow, giving it meaning, can we understand how we abstract and understand music. This article aims to discuss the validity conditions of an experimental pro-tocol that seeks to investigate the cognitive devices for understanding the musical flow based on the observation of listening and analysis of short musical excerpts by musician listeners. Starting from the enactment theory that at the basis of the cognitive process of categorization are schematic memories (image schemes), understood as archetypes of human understand-ing, the protocol examined here aims to access the immediate experience of producing musi-cal meanings, trying, as much as possible, approach the preconscious stage of understanding. In this sense, the hypothesis investigated here is that the participants' linguistic descriptions of the musical flow experienced may reveal clues of emphasis in using specific image schemes in constructing the meaning of the musical flow. After analyzing the results obtained in the pilot experiment, questions arose: to what extent is the time lapse between contact with the questionnaire question and its answer decisive for its consistency? To what extent is the order of presentation of listening tasks decisive for the neutrality of participants' responses?
Música, lateralidade e aprendizagem: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Estevan Flávia Alvarenga , Loureiro Cybelle Maria Veiga
Published: February 2024

The present study aimed to investigate relations between laterality and learning, adding mu-sic in this context as well, since the bimanual motor training required for most instruments has been identified as one of the aspects that contribute to the effects of neuronal plasticity resulting from musical practice. The methodology used was an integrative review and incor-porated the approach of the three or, at least, two of the related aspects as the main inclusion criterion. No studies were found aimed at dialogue between the three themes, which resulted in a collection divided into axes: Music and Learning, Laterality and Learning, and Laterality and Music. The analysis allows the conclusion that the learning processes, mainly associated with language skills, have close relations with the information processing mechanisms influ-enced by laterality issues and can be enhanced by musical practice.
Memória absoluta para alturas como um componente cognitivo hipotético para a retenção da Tônica
Authors: Rinaldi Arthur , Germano Nayana Di Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

The objective of this paper is to scrutinize the theoretical assumption of tonal practice that harmonic tension can increase globally by changing which chord exerts the Tonic function (a process called modulation), and decrease it when the original chord reassumes the Tonic function. This implies that a listener should be able to recognize simultaneously the local Tonic and the main Tonic after a modulation. Results from experimental researches are divergent, some corroborating the existence of this cognitive ability (Lerdahl & Krumhasl, 2007), some questioning it (Cook, 1987; Bigand & Parncutt, 1999; Marvin & Brinkman, 1999; Far-bood, 2016). In this paper, we hypothesize that main tonic retention over modulatory pas-sages in tonal music is only possible for subjects capable of retaining in memory some form of absolute pitch information, and that this ability is employed conjointly with relative mem-ory for pitch
Resposta emocional e preferência em três gravações de um prelúdio de Chopin
Authors: Turano Leandro Martins , Lobão Waldir Jesus de Araujo , Mendonça Gabriel Guimarães Braga dos Santos
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to investigate listeners' emotional responses and preferences on three differ-ent recordings of Chopin’s Preludeop. 28, no. 8. For this purpose, 68 people answered a ques-tionnaire survey, where multiple-choice questions, including questions on a Likert scale, pre-dominated. The results of the research were analyzed using resources from descriptive statistics and presented graphically. Equality tests and Bayesian inference were also carried out. The results indicate a probable influence of factors such as tempo, a�ack, and dynamics of the performances in listeners’ perception. The responses were analyzed both in the whole sample and in segmented subgroups. We used studies by Alf Gabrielsson, Patrik Juslin, John Sloboda, and Brazilian authors of the field of experimental research in Music and Emotion as main theoretical references.
The Study on Impact of Work from Home on Well - Being of Employees
Authors: S. Jadhav Ms. Shraddha , Kaware Ms. Pooja , Ghatekari Ms. Sangeeta
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant shift towards remote work, with many employees now working from home on a full- or part-time basis. The study has been focused on understanding the “Impact of work from home on employee wellbeing”. It consists of the factors which impact the employee wellbeing due to work from home. Not only elder even children are also using electronic gadgets like tablets, laptops, mobile phones this is due to the effect of work from home. Work-Life Balance is a challenging issue for IT leaders, managers and has also attracted the attention of researchers. The India Work report, which surveyed 585 Gen-Y professionals from varied sectors and senior levels across India, showed that 90% employees feel a flexible work environment is important. The research, which looks at how employees carve quality time out of their work weeks for family or to free up their mind to increase productivity, indicated that apart from the scope of responsibilities and tasks in the workplace, other factors such as commuting, employee- employer relationship and flexi-environment all affect the productivity of the employees. While working from home can have certain benefits, such as increased flexibility and the ability to avoid a commute, it can also have negative impacts on the well-being of employees. One of the main challenges of working from home is the lack of separation between work and personal life. Without the physical boundaries of a traditional office, it can be more difficult for employees to disconnect from work and take breaks. This can lead to increased feelings of stress and burnout, as well as negative impacts on mental health. In addition, working from home can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness, as employees may not have the same social interactions and support systems that they would in a traditional office setting.
Analisa Proksimat dan Kadar Kafein Pada Green Bean Robusta Berdasarkan Lama Waktu Fermentasi
Authors: Rosdiana Eva , Nirmala Kusumaningtyas Rizky , Galuh Pratita Dian , Lutfi Alwi Annisa , Rahayu Sri
Published: February 2024

Coffee is one of the commodities that provide additional foreign exchange for Indonesia. This is supported by the position of the country of Indonesia which is the number 4 producer of coffee beans in the world. One type of coffee that is cultivated in Indonesia is Robusta coffee. Robusta coffee is known as coffee that is resistant to various diseases and extreme environments, has superior properties and is very fast growing, therefore Robusta coffee is widely chosen to be planted by Indonesian. One of the step at coffee processing by full wash processing is fermentation. Fermentation is a process that produces chemical reactions involving other microorganism that breaking down polysaccharide into enzyme and monosaccharide.  That process itself is influenced by several factors, including the number of bacterial inoculum, fermentation time, substrate (medium), temperature, oxygen, water and acidity (pH). The incubation period of fermentation is the most step that determine the quality of coffee. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the length of fermentation time on the wet coffee processing method on green beans robusta that produced by looking at several chemical parameters, including water content, ash content, fat content, carbohydrate content and caffeine content. The results showed that variations in fermentation time had a significant effect on the parameters of water content, ash, carbohydrates, fat and caffeine.
Biomimetic Curved Artificial Compound Eyes: A Review
Authors: Jiang Heng , Tsoi Chi Chung , Sun Lanrui , Yu Weixing , Fan Hao , Ma Mengchao , Jia Yanwei , Zhang Xuming
Published: February 2024

Natural compound eyes (NCEs) are the most abundant and successful eye designs in the animal kingdom. An NCE consists of a number of ommatidia, which are distributed along a curved surface to receive light. This curved feature is critical to the functions of NCE, and it ensures that different ommatidia point to slightly different directions and thus enables panoramic vision, depth perception, and efficient motion tracking while minimizing aberration. Consequently, biomimetic curved artificial compound eyes (BCACEs) have garnered substantial research attention in replicating the anatomical configuration of their natural counterparts by distributing ommatidia across a curved surface. The reported BCACEs could be briefly categorized into 2 groups: fixed focal lengths and tunable focal lengths. The former could be further subcategorized into simplified BCACEs, BCACEs with photodetector arrays within curved surfaces, and BCACEs with light guides. The latter encompasses other tuning techniques such as fluidic pressure modulation, thermal effects, and pH adjustments. This work starts with a simple classification of NCEs and then provides a comprehensive review of main parameters, operational mechanisms, recent advancements, fabrication methodologies, and potential applications of BCACEs. Finally, discussions are provided on future research and development. Compared with other available review articles on artificial compound eyes, our work is distinctive since we focus especially on the “curved” ones, which are difficult to fabricate but closely resemble the architecture and functions of NCEs, and could potentially revolutionize the imaging systems in surveillance, machine vision, and unmanned vehicles.
Recent Advances in Electrospinning Techniques for Precise Medicine
Authors: Li Wei , Yin Yue , Zhou Huaijuan , Fan Yingwei , Yang Yingting , Gao Qiqi , Li Pei , Gao Ge , Li Jinhua
Published: February 2024

In the realm of precise medicine, the advancement of manufacturing technologies is vital for enhancing the capabilities of medical devices such as nano/microrobots, wearable/implantable biosensors, and organ-on-chip systems, which serve to accurately acquire and analyze patients’ physiopathological information and to perform patient-specific therapy. Electrospinning holds great promise in engineering materials and components for advanced medical devices, due to the demonstrated ability to advance the development of nanomaterial science. Nevertheless, challenges such as limited composition variety, uncontrollable fiber orientation, difficulties in incorporating fragile molecules and cells, and low production effectiveness hindered its further application. To overcome these challenges, advanced electrospinning techniques have been explored to manufacture functional composites, orchestrated structures, living constructs, and scale-up fabrication. This review delves into the recent advances of electrospinning techniques and underscores their potential in revolutionizing the field of precise medicine, upon introducing the fundamental information of conventional electrospinning techniques, as well as discussing the current challenges and future perspectives.
Hybrid-Driven Origami Gripper with Variable Stiffness and Finger Length
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Fan Weicheng , Long Yongzhou , Dai Jiabei , Luo Junjie , Tang Shujie , Lu Qiujie , Wang Xinran , Wang Hao , Chen Genliang
Published: February 2024

Soft grippers due to their highly compliant material and self-adaptive structures attract more attention to safe and versatile grasping tasks compared to traditional rigid grippers. However, those flexible characteristics limit the strength and the manipulation capacity of soft grippers. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid-driven gripper design utilizing origami finger structures, to offer adjustable finger stiffness and variable grasping range. This gripper is actuated via pneumatic and cables, which allows the origami structure to be controlled precisely for contraction and extension, thus achieving different finger lengths and stiffness by adjusting the cable lengths and the input pressure. A kinematic model of the origami finger is further developed, enabling precise control of its bending angle for effective grasping of diverse objects and facilitating in-hand manipulation. Our proposed design method enriches the field of soft grippers, offering a simple yet effective approach to achieve safe, powerful, and highly adaptive grasping and in-hand manipulation capabilities.
CMLR: A Mechanistic Global GPP Dataset Derived from TROPOMIS SIF Observations
Authors: Chen Ruonan , Liu Liangyun , Liu Xinjie , Rascher Uwe
Published: February 2024

Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has shown promise in estimating gross primary production (GPP); however, there is a lack of global GPP datasets directly utilizing SIF with models possessing clear expression of the biophysical and biological processes in photosynthesis. This study introduces a new global 0.05° SIF-based GPP dataset (CMLR GPP, based on Canopy-scale Mechanistic Light Reaction model) using TROPOMI observations. A modified mechanistic light response model was employed at the canopy scale to generate this dataset. The canopy
q
L
(opened fraction of photosynthesis II reaction centers), required by the CMLR model, was parameterized using a random forest model. The CMLR GPP estimates showed a strong correlation with tower-based GPP (
R
2
= 0.72) in the validation dataset, and it showed comparable performance with other global datasets such as Boreal Ecosystem Productivity Simulator (BEPS) GPP, FluxSat GPP, and GOSIF (global, OCO-2-based SIF product) GPP at a global scale. The high accuracy of CMLR GPP was consistent across various normalized difference vegetation index, vapor pressure deficit, and temperature conditions, as well as different plant functional types and most months of the year. In conclusion, CMLR GPP is a novel global GPP dataset based on mechanistic frameworks, whose availability is expected to contribute to future research in ecological and geobiological regions.
HIF2α Promotes Cancer Metastasis through TCF7L2-Dependent Fatty Acid Synthesis in ccRCC
Authors: Shi Jian , Lv Qingyang , Miao Daojia , Xiong Zhiyong , Wei Zhihao , Wu Songming , Tan Diaoyi , Wang Keshan , Zhang Xiaoping
Published: February 2024

Recent studies have highlighted the notable involvement of the crosstalk between hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2α) and Wnt signaling components in tumorigenesis. However, the cellular function and precise regulatory mechanisms of HIF2α and Wnt signaling interactions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain elusive. To analyze the correlation between HIF2α and Wnt signaling, we utilized the Cancer Genome Atlas - Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) public database, HIF2α RNA sequencing data, and conducted luciferase reporter assays. A Wnt-related gene set was employed to identify key regulators of Wnt signaling controlled by HIF2α in ccRCC. Furthermore, we assessed the biological effects of TCF7L2 on ccRCC metastasis and lipid metabolism in both in vivo and in vitro settings. Our outcomes confirm TCF7L2 as a key gene involved in HIF2α-mediated regulation of the canonical Wnt pathway. Functional studies demonstrate that TCF7L2 promotes metastasis in ccRCC. Mechanistic investigations reveal that HIF2α stabilizes TCF7L2 mRNA in a method based on m
6
A by transcriptionally regulating METTL3. Up-regulation of TCF7L2 enhances cellular fatty acid oxidation, which promotes histone acetylation. This facilitates the transcription of genes connected to epithelial–mesenchymal transition and ultimately enhances metastasis of ccRCC. These outcomes offer a novel understanding into the involvement of lipid metabolism in the signaling pathway regulation, offering valuable implications for targeted treatment in ccRCC.
Resistin Regulates Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Humans via the Endocannabinoid System
Authors: Yang Han-Mo , Kim Joonoh , Kim Baek-Kyung , Seo Hyun Ju , Kim Ju-Young , Lee Joo-Eun , Lee Jaewon , You Jihye , Jin Sooryeonhwa , Kwon Yoo-Wook , Jang Hyun-Duk , Kim Hyo-Soo
Published: February 2024

Resistin plays an important role in the pathophysiology of obesity-mediated insulin resistance in mice. However, the biology of resistin in humans is quite different from that in rodents. Therefore, the association between resistin and insulin resistance remains unclear in humans. Here, we tested whether and how the endocannabinoid system (ECS) control circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that produce resistin and infiltrate into the adipose tissue, heart, skeletal muscle, and liver, resulting in inflammation and insulin resistance. Using human PBMCs, we investigate whether the ECS is connected to human resistin. To test whether the ECS regulates inflammation and insulin resistance in vivo, we used 2 animal models such as “humanized” nonobese diabetic/Shi-severe combined immunodeficient interleukin-2Rγ (null) (NOG) mice and “humanized” resistin mouse models, which mimic human body. In human atheromatous plaques, cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R)-positive macrophage was colocalized with the resistin expression. In addition, resistin was exclusively expressed in the sorted CB1R-positive cells from human PBMCs. In CB1R-positive cells, endocannabinoid ligands induced resistin expression via the p38–Sp1 pathway. In both mouse models, a high-fat diet increased the accumulation of endocannabinoid ligands in adipose tissue, which recruited the CB1R-positive cells that secrete resistin, leading to adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. This phenomenon was suppressed by CB1R blockade or in resistin knockout mice. Interestingly, this process was accompanied by mitochondrial change that was induced by resistin treatment. These results provide important insights into the ECS–resistin axis, leading to the development of metabolic diseases. Therefore, the regulation of resistin via the CB1R could be a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiometabolic diseases.
Model of stem taper of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in the Kostroma region
Authors: Dubenok Nikolay , Lebedev Aleksandr , Gostev Vladimir
Published: February 2024

Models of the stem taper have become widespread in forestry research. Models of the stem taper based on the equations of the stem taper are capable of determining with sufficient accuracy the assortment potential of forest stands. For the Kostroma region, no work has previously been carried out aimed at modeling the stem taper of trunks. Therefore, the goal of the study was to search and justify models of the stem taper of a tree trunk with one equation that most correctly describe the change in tree diameter with height in Scots pine stands growing in the Kostroma region. As experimental data, 10064 measurements of the diameter of 692 pine trees were obtained. To carry out the analysis, 19 models of tree stem taper with one equation were selected. Calculations were carried out in the Python environment. The calculated values of quality metrics, graphical analysis of residuals and errors made it possible to establish that the four-parameter model most adequately describes of the stem taper of pine forest stands in the Kostroma region. The stem diameter predicted using the model at any height makes it possible to analyze the assortment structure without resorting to tree felling. Further research is required aimed at developing standards for the assortment structure of trunks based on the proposed stem taper model.
The simulation modeling of the operation of a recuperative pneumohydraulic drawbar of a road train coupling device with a self-pulling function
Authors: Nikonov Vadim , Posmetev Valeriy , Siz'min Igor , Posmetev Viktor , Zelikov V. , Mozgovoy Nikolay , Kolodiy Petr
Published: February 2024

Based on the conducted exploratory research, the most significant factors were identified on which the change in
transport costs spent by logging enterprises on the process of delivering timber to consumers by logging trucks depends.
To reduce such costs, a promising design of the drawbar of the coupling device of a timber road train has been proposed,
providing the effect of self-pulling of the road train, generating and storing the energy of the working fluid, with its
subsequent use in technological hydraulic equipment. To simulate the movement of a timber road train equipped with the
proposed drawbar of the coupling device and the operation of the drawbar separately in the modes of self-pulling, recovery
and damping of dynamic loads, two computer programs have been developed. It has been established that with an increase
in the depth of irregularities, self-pulling of a timber road train becomes more difficult, which leads to a deterioration in
the efficiency of the self-pulling process. However, with an average depth of unevenness of the supporting surface of less
than 0.3 m, the efficiency indicators of the self-retracting process are acceptable values: the self-retracting speed is more
than 0.22 m/s, the amount of displacement per extension-reduction cycle of the drawbar of the coupling device is less than 0.12 m, consumed by the pneumohydraulic drawbar of the coupling device power less than 1.9 kW. Under very
difficult road conditions – the average depth of irregularities is from 0.3 to 0.5 m – the self-pulling of the timber road
train occurs, but the efficiency indicators decrease: the self-pulling speed decreases to 0.16 m/s, the movement increases
to 0.17 m, power consumption increases to 3.1 kW. It was revealed that when the coefficient of viscous friction of the
wheels of a logging road train against the supporting surface of a logging road changes over a wide range, the recuperative
pneumohydraulic drawbar of the coupling device provides a fairly effective self-pulling with a self-pulling speed from
0.17 to 2.3 m/s, a displacement (rollback) value from 0.09 to 0.16 m, power consumption from 1.5 to 2.2 kW.
Güneş Enerjisi Santrallerinde YOLO Algoritmaları ile Hotspot Kusurlarının Tespiti
Authors: Yanılmaz Sümeyye , Türkoğlu Muammer , Aslan Muzaffer
Published: February 2024

Güneş enerjisi santrallerindeki kusurların hızlı ve doğru bir şekilde tespit edilmesi, fotovoltaik (PV) sistemlerinde verim kaybını azaltmak ve ömrünü uzatmak açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, güneş enerjisi santrallerindeki, PV modüllerdeki hotspot (sıcak nokta) tespiti için You Only Look Once (YOLO) algoritmalarının etkililiği ve avantajları incelenmiştir. YOLO algoritmaları, yüksek hızda çalışarak tek bir taramada görüntüdeki nesneleri tespit edebilme özelliği sayesinde büyük ölçekli santrallerde verimli bir şekilde kullanılabilmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, YOLOv5, YOLOv6, YOLOv7 ve YOLOv8 algoritmalarının performansları karşılaştırılmış ve en iyi sonuç veren model belirlenmiştir. Yapılan deneyler sonucuna göre, veri kümesinde kullanılan insansız hava aracı tarafından elde edilen 100 adet görüntünün %80’i eğitim kümesi %20’si ise test kümesi için kullanılarak YOLO algoritmaları karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda, YOLOv8 algoritmasının %88.7 özgüllük, %80.5 duyarlılık ve %83.8 mAP değerleri ile diğer modellere göre daha iyi sonuçlar verdiğini göstermiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan veri seti gerçek güneş panellerinden elde edilen görüntülerden oluşmuştur ve bu sayede çalışmanın sonuçları gerçek dünya senaryolarına uygun bir şekilde test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, YOLO algoritmalarının güneş panellerindeki sıcak nokta kusurlarının tespiti için etkili bir yöntem olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, güneş enerjisi santrallerinin daha verimli hale getirilmesi için nesne tespiti algoritmalarının kullanımının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca, ilerideki çalışmalara yol gösteren ve literatüre katkı sağlayan bir çalışma olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Bal Arı Hastalıklarının Sınıflandırılması için ConvMixer, VGG16 ve ResNet101 Tabanlı Topluluk Öğrenme Yaklaşımı
Authors: Üzen Hüseyin , Altın Mustafa , Balıkçı Çiçek İpek
Published: February 2024

Bal arıları birçok etkenden dolayı ekosistemin en önemli bileşenlerinden biridir. Fakat son zamanlarda artan varroa paraziti, iklim değişiklikleri ve böcek istilası gibi etkenlerden dolayı bal arıları tehdit altındadır. Bundan dolayı son zamanlarda gelişmiş yapay zekâ teknikleri ile arılarının analiz edilmesi oldukça önemli bir araştırma konusu olmuştur. Bu çalışmada arı hastalıklarının sınıflandırılması için Evrişimsel sinir ağ mimarileri tabanlı bir topluluk öğrenme yaklaşımı sunulmuştur. ConvMixer, VGG16 ve ResNet101 tabanlı topluluk öğrenme yaklaşımı (CVR-TÖY) olarak adlandırılan bu model temel olarak VGG16, ResNet101 ve ConvMixer sınıflandırıcılarının tahmin skorlarının birleştirmesine dayanmaktadır. Bu sayede farklı yaklaşım teknikleri ile geliştirilen VGG16, ResNet101 ve ConvMixer yapılarının tahmin çıktıları etkili bir şekilde birleştirilerek bal arı hastalık sınıflandırma performansı artırılmıştır. Tahmin skorları birleştirilirken iki yaklaşım denenmiştir. Birinci yaklaşımda modellerin tahmin çıktılarının en yüksek değeri alınarak sınıflandırma tahmini yapılmıştır. İkinci model ise ortalama değer alma yaklaşımıdır. Ortalama değer alma yaklaşımının ortak akıl modeli ile en iyi sonucu ürettiği görülmüştür. Deneysel çalışmalarda 6 farklı kovan probleminden etkilenen arı görüntülerini içeren BeeImage Dataset (BI) veri kümesi kullanılmıştır. Bu deneysel çalışmada önerilen modelden %98.87 F1-skoru elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca yapılan deneysel çalışmada önerilen model son teknolojik modeller ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda önerilen modelin F1-skoru %2.31 daha yüksek performans göstermiştir.
Possessed by Postmemory: Thane Rosenbaum’s Elijah Visible
Authors: Kolář Stanislav
Published: February 2024

This paper analyses the short story cycle Elijah Visible by Thane Rosenbaum, who represents the second generation of American writers responding to the Holocaust. Rosenbaum focuses on what is termed the intergenerational transmission of trauma. The paper attempts to show how the fragmented identity of Adam Posner, the protagonist of the cycle, has been shaped by the legacy of his parents’ Holocaust experience. It draws on Marianne Hirsch’s concept of postmemory and follows the author’s approach to his protagonist’s appropriation of the Holocaust which results in his obsession with cataclysmic wartime experiences. The paper also examines Rosenbaum’s attitude to the silence surrounding the Holocaust and its effects. It explores how the repression of the tragic family history as a defense mechanism leads to the alienation of children from their parents and profoundly complicates their mutual relationship. Furthermore, gaps and blanks in the knowledge of the past, together with the impossibility of fully grasping the original trauma, fuel the protagonist’s imagination. This imaginative investment also forms the main character’s postmemory and contributes to his feeling of being relocated in space and time—his “cattle car complex”, to quote the title of the initial story of Rosenbaum’s book.
Reading Rate of Academic English Texts: Comparing L1 and Advanced L2 Users in Different Language Environments
Authors: Busby Nicole Louise , Dahl Anne
Published: February 2024

Slower reading in a second language (L2) has been attributed to lower proficiency and/or to slower language processing. This study investigates the role of linguistic context in L1 and L2 academic reading speed among 295 undergraduate Psychology students who all read English language texts at university. The aim was to compare academic reading among students in a predominantly English-speaking environment (the UK) with those in a parallel language context where both English and the local language are used in teaching (Norway). Three groups were tested: Norwegian students in Norway, and both L1 and L2 English-users in the UK. Participants completed a timed academic reading task, followed by comprehension questions. Although all three groups achieved similar mean scores on the comprehension questions, the L1 and L2 English-speaking students in the UK read the text significantly faster than the Norwegian students. There was no significant difference between reading times for the L1 and L2 readers in the UK, indicating that the difference was not simply a consequence of L2 reading. Additionally, in contrast to previous research on groups with lower L2 proficiency, this study found no significant association between reported extramural English exposure and reading speed in either L2 group. The results indicate that advanced L2 readers in a parallel language environment may need more time to read academic texts in L2 compared to L1 readers and L2 readers in an immersion context, which has implications for the time and support needed by these students.