bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A restless bandit approach for capacitated condition based maintenance scheduling
Authors: Demirci Ece Zeliha , Arts Joachim , Houtum Geert-Jan van
Published: June 2024

This paper considers the maintenance scheduling problem of multiple non-identical machines deteriorating over time. The deterioration gradually decreases a machine’s performance, which results in revenue losses due to lower output quality. The maintenance cost is dependent on the degradation state, and the number of maintenance activities that can be carried out simultaneously is restricted by the number of maintenance workers. Our main goal is to propose a heuristic with low complexity that consistently produces solutions close to the optimal strategy for problems of real size. We cast the problem as a restless bandit problem and propose an index based heuristic (Whittle’s index policy) which can be computed efficiently. We also provide a lower bound that can be computed by linear programming. We numerically compare the performance of the index heuristic with alternative policies. In addition to achieving superior performance over failure-based and threshold policies, Whittle’s policy numerically converges to our lower bound when the number of machines is moderately high and/or maintenance workload is high.
Single day 14 serum hCG values allow prediction of viable pregnancy and are significantly higher in frozen as compared to fresh single blastocyst transfer
Authors: Trautner Philip Sebastian , Oppelt Peter , Resch Sarah , Enzelsberger Simon Hermann , Ebner Thomas , Shebl Omar Josef
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To evaluate if single serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level measurements are sufficient for pregnancy monitoring after single embryo transfer (sET) and to compare the hCG levels between fresh (FRET) and frozen embryo transfers (FET) in medically assisted reproduction.

Methods

This was a retrospective exploratory cohort study including all patients who met the inclusion criteria, who received a single FRET (n = 249) or FET (n = 410) of a day five blastocyst at the IVF clinic at the Johannes Kepler University Linz between 2011 and 2020. hCG levels were measured on day 14 after embryo transfer. Threshold values for the viability of pregnancies were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

Significantly higher hCG levels were found in those who received FET than in those who received FRET (1222.8 ± 946.7 mU/ml vs. 862.7 ± 572.9 mU/ml; p < 0.001). Optimal threshold values predicting a viable pregnancy were 368.5 mU/ml and 523 mU/ml in the FRET and FET groups, respectively.

Conclusions

After FET, higher hCG values after 14 days of embryo transfer must be considered in pregnancy monitoring. Additionally, a single threshold hCG value seems to be sufficient for determining pregnancy viability. To exclude ectopic pregnancies, subsequent ultrasound examination is a mandatory requirement.
Determinants of adaptive behaviors during heatwaves in Pakistan: a study based on personal heatwave experiences and hypothetical scenarios
Authors: Ullah Farman , Valente Martina , Hubloue Ives , Akbar Muhammad Sannan , Ragazzoni Luca , Barone-Adesi Francesco
Published: June 2024

Heatwaves have long been recognized as a serious public health threat. Effective adaptation measures can reduce the risks to people and ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to explore the determinants of heatwave adaptive behaviors using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 686 participants who were registered volunteers at the Alkhidmat Foundation in Pakistan, using an online questionnaire. For individual adaptive behaviors, only perceived benefits and self-efficacy were observed as significant predictors. For household adaptive behaviors, only cues to action and self-efficacy were found as significant predictors. In terms of overall adaptive behaviors, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy were significant predictors. Our study explores the influence of the HBM constructs on adaptive behaviors across various subgroups, highlighting their differential significance in rural and urban settings, formal and informal occupations, and experiences within heatwaves. These findings highlight the potential of the HBM in guiding the creation of impactful interventions that facilitate behavioral changes during heatwaves, thereby enhancing people’s adaptive behaviors. By emphasizing the association of the HBM with adaptive behaviors, our findings offer valuable insights for authorities seeking to make informed decisions and policies.
Synthesis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, drug-likeness studies, ADMET prediction and biological evaluation of novel pyrazole-carboxamides bearing sulfonamide moiety as potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Authors: Yetek İrfan , Mert Samet , Tunca Ekrem , Bayrakdar Alpaslan , Kasımoğulları Rahmi
Published: June 2024

Pyrazoles are unique bioactive molecules with a versatile biological profile and they have gained an important place on pharmaceutical chemistry. Pyrazole compounds containing sulfonamide nuclei also attract attention as carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors. In this study, a library of pyrazole-carboxamides were synthesized and the structures of the synthesized molecules were characterized using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS. Then the inhibition effects of newly synthesized molecules on human erythrocyte hCA I and hCA II isoenzymes were investigated. Ki values of the compounds were in the range of 0.063–3.368 µM for hCA I and 0.007–4.235 µM for hCA II. Molecular docking studies were performed between the most active compounds 6a, 6b and the reference inhibitor, acetazolamide (AAZ) and the hCA I and hCA II receptors to investigate the binding mechanisms between the compounds and the receptors. These compounds showed better interactions than the AAZ. ADMET analyzes were performed for the compounds and it was seen that the compounds did not show AMES toxicity. The stability of the molecular docking results over time was analysed by 50 ns molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that 6a and 6b exhibited good stability after docking to the binding sites of hCA I and hCA II receptors, with minor conformational changes and fluctuations.

Graphical abstract

Synthesis, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, drug-likeness, ADMET prediction and biological evaluation of pyrazole-carboxamides bearing sulfonamide moiety as potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
An Update on Breakthrough Invasive Mold Infections
Authors: Portillo Vera , Neofytos Dionysios
Published: June 2024

The incidence of breakthrough mold infections (bIMI) has been increasing, due to routine administration of broad-spectrum antifungal prophylaxis and an increasing pool of high-risk patient populations, with fungi more challenging to treat, resulting in a sustained high mortality, despite progress in diagnostic and therapeutic options. Pharmacokinetics of antifungal drugs, fungal, and host, including genetic, factors play a role in the emergence of bIMI. Suggested therapeutic approaches have included change of antifungal class treatment, with amphotericin-B products predominating as first-line empirical treatment and switching from one broad-spectrum azole to another remaining the most frequently used treatment modalities. Future perspectives include determining individual susceptibility to IMI to tailor prophylaxis and treatment strategies, improved diagnostic tests, and the introduction of new antifungal agents that may reduce morbidity and mortality caused by bIMI.
Sex-Specific Entorhinal Cortex Functional Connectivity in Cognitively Normal Older Adults with Amyloid-β Pathology
Authors: Gong Liang , Liu Duan , Zhang Bei , Yu Siyi , Xi Chunhua
Published: June 2024

Sex and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype have been shown to influence the risk and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the impact of these factors on the functional connectivity of the entorhinal cortex (ERC) in clinically unpaired older adults (CUOA) with amyloid-β (Aβ +) pathology remains unclear. A total of 1022 cognitively normal older adults with Aβ + (603 females and 586 APOE ε4 +) from the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer’s (A4) study were included in this study. The 2 × 2 (gender, 2 APOE genotypes) analysis of covariance was performed to compare the demographic information, cognitive performance, and volumetric MRI data among these groups. Voxel-wise comparisons of bilateral ERC functional connectivity (FC) were conducted, and partial correlation analyses were used to explore the associations between cognitive performance and ERC-FC strength. We found that the APOE genotype influenced ERC functional connectivity mainly in the sensorimotor network (SMN). Males exhibited higher ERC-FC in the salience network (SN), while females displayed higher ERC-FC in the default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and reward network. The interplay of sex and APOE genotype on ERC-FC was observed in the SMN and cerebellar lobe. The ERC-FC was associated with executive function and memory performance in individuals with CUOA-Aβ + . Our findings provide evidence of sex-specific ERC functional connectivity compensation mechanism in cognitively normal older adults with Aβ + pathology. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the early stages of AD and may help develop personalized interventions in preclinical AD.
Cognitive Control Is Enhanced by Single Pulse TMS Over the Left Frontal and Parietal Areas
Authors: Cespón Jesús , Pellicciari Maria Concetta , Miniussi Carlo
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This study investigates the relationship between cognitive control and neural activity in the left prefrontal, premotor, and parietal cortices to elucidate how these areas contribute to cognitive control processes. Thus, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-electroencephalogram co-registration to investigate if and how TMS applied over these areas (compared to a sham TMS condition), at 180 ms after the stimulus onset, modulates cognitive control and underlying neural activity during the performance of a Simon task, in which participants have to inhibit the bias to react towards the stimulus location. The behavioral results showed that TMS over prefrontal and premotor areas reduced the interference in incongruent trials preceded by congruent trials, which are the most demanding trials because they require inhibiting the response towards the stimulus location and switching the stimulus-response binding. Also, TMS applied over premotor and parietal areas improved accuracy in incongruent trials. The electrophysiological results showed that TMS over prefrontal and premotor areas increased the fronto-central P300 amplitude, an event-related potential (ERP) component linked to conflict monitoring. Also, TMS over the left parietal area was related to earlier latency of the contralateral posterior negativity, an ERP linked to visuospatial attention. Importantly, the present study shows that TMS over prefrontal and premotor areas enhanced performance in the higher demanding trials by increasing neural processes underlying conflict monitoring (i.e., fronto-central P300 amplitude). Also, although further research is required, TMS over premotor and parietal areas might have strengthened cognitive control to withhold the response towards the stimulus location by modulating the parietal-premotor (or visuomotor) pathway.
Seismotectonics of the Philippine and Taiwan Subduction Systems and Implications for Seismic Hazards
Authors: Hutchings Sean J. , Mooney Walter D.
Published: June 2024

The seismicity of the Philippines and Taiwan provides insight into the tectonics and seismic hazards of a region characterized by subduction and collision. We summarize the seismotectonics of the Philippines and Taiwan by documenting the distribution of hypocenters for earthquakes of magnitude M ≥ 4.6 and focal mechanisms for earthquakes of magnitude M ≥ 5.0 over ∼21 years. We quantify seismicity rates (earthquake frequency) and compare seismicity distributions with proposed tectonic and faulting models. 6,187 earthquakes of magnitude M ≥ 4.6 occurred between 1 January 2000 and 31 March 2021, 79% at depths <70 km and 70% having magnitudes M < 5.0. Approximately 88 earthquakes of magnitude M ≥ 5.0 occur per year, with 12 events of magnitude M ≥ 7.0 occurring since January 2000. Seismic activity decreases exponentially between 50 and 210 km depth at a rate ∼10% faster than the global average. Intermediate and deep earthquakes at depths >70 km trace the Wadati‐Benioff zones of subducting slabs, most of which are only seismically active to depths of ∼250 km. The distribution of earthquakes at depths >70 km is likely influenced by the subduction of young lithosphere, slab tearing, and phase boundary interactions between depths of 410 and 660 km. Shallow earthquakes at depths ≤70 km are generated by megathrust, crustal, and intraslab faulting. Crustal thrust and strike‐slip faulting are the most abundant and prevalent sources of damaging earthquakes. The Philippines and Taiwan are subject to high seismic risk, similar to nearby Indonesia.
Under‐Ice Oxygen Depletion and Greenhouse Gas Supersaturation in North Temperate Urban Ponds
Authors: Gorsky Adrianna L. , Dugan Hilary A. , Wilkinson Grace M. , Stanley Emily H.
Published: June 2024

Stormwater ponds are common features in urbanized landscapes because they enhance flood reduction and nutrient retention. With shallow depths and high inputs of organic matter, these systems can be highly productive with rapid oxygen depletion when thermally stratified or ice‐covered. However, most of our understanding of the biogeochemistry of stormwater ponds comes from the open water period. We explored under‐ice oxygen dynamics in 20 stormwater ponds in Madison, WI (USA) that were ice covered from late December to early March to investigate the drivers of bottom water oxygen saturation and the impact on the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Winter anoxia was driven by ice transmissivity, winter nutrient concentrations, and precedent summer productivity. Oxygen depletion led to overall higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in pond surface waters. This research enhances our understanding of winter pond biogeochemistry and its links to summer productivity.
Disparities in access to hematopoietic cell transplant persist at a transplant center
Authors: Shoag Jamie , Rotz Seth J. , Hanna Rabi , Buhtoiarov Ilia , Dewey Elizabeth N. , Bruckman David , Hamilton Betty K.
Published: June 2024

Disparities in access to hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) are well established. Prior studies have identified barriers, such as referral and travel to an HCT center, that occur before consultation. Whether differences in access persist after evaluation at an HCT center remains unknown. The psychosocial assessment for transplant eligibility may impede access to transplant after evaluation. We performed a single-center retrospective review of 1102 patients who underwent HCT consultation. We examined the association between race/ethnicity (defined as Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, and Other) and socioeconomic status (defined by zip code median household income quartiles and insurance type) with receipt of HCT and Psychosocial Assessment of Candidates for Transplantation (PACT) scores. Race/ethnicity was associated with receipt of HCT (p = 0.02) with non-Hispanic Whites comprising a higher percentage of HCT recipients than non-recipients. Those living in higher income quartiles and non-publicly insured were more likely to receive HCT (p = 0.02 andp < 0.001, respectively). PACT scores were strongly associated with income quartiles (p < 0.001) but not race/ethnicity or insurance type. Race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status impact receipt of HCT among patients evaluated at an HCT center. Further investigation as to whether the psychosocial eligibility evaluation limits access to HCT in vulnerable populations is warranted.
The elite haplotype OsGATA8-H coordinates nitrogen uptake and productive tiller formation in rice
Authors: Wu Wei , Dong Xiaoou , Chen Gaoming , Lin Zhixi , Chi Wenchao , Tang Weijie , Yu Jun , Wang Saisai , Jiang Xingzhou , Liu Xiaolan , Wu Yujun , Wang Chunyuan , Cheng Xinran , Zhang Wei , Xuan Wei , Terzaghi William , Ronald Pamela C. , Wang Haiyang , Wang Chunming , Wan Jianmin
Published: June 2024

Excessive nitrogen promotes the formation of nonproductive tillers in rice, which decreases nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Developing high-NUE rice cultivars through balancing nitrogen uptake and the formation of productive tillers remains a long-standing challenge, yet how these two processes are coordinated in rice remains elusive. Here we identify the transcription factor OsGATA8 as a key coordinator of nitrogen uptake and tiller formation in rice. OsGATA8 negatively regulates nitrogen uptake by repressing transcription of the ammonium transporter gene OsAMT3.2. Meanwhile, it promotes tiller formation by repressing the transcription of OsTCP19, a negative modulator of tillering. We identify OsGATA8-H as a high-NUE haplotype with enhanced nitrogen uptake and a higher proportion of productive tillers. The geographical distribution of OsGATA8-H and its frequency change in historical accessions suggest its adaption to the fertile soil. Overall, this study provides molecular and evolutionary insights into the regulation of NUE and facilitates the breeding of rice cultivars with higher NUE.
Botensilimab plus balstilimab in relapsed/refractory microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase 1 trial
Authors: Bullock Andrea J. , Schlechter Benjamin L. , Fakih Marwan G. , Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Grossman Joseph E. , Gordon Michael S. , Wilky Breelyn A. , Pimentel Agustin , Mahadevan Daruka , Balmanoukian Ani S. , Sanborn Rachel E. , Schwartz Gary K. , Abou-Alfa Ghassan K. , Segal Neil H. , Bockorny Bruno , Moser Justin C. , Sharma Sunil , Patel Jaymin M. , Wu Wei , Chand Dhan , Rosenthal Katherine , Mednick Gabriel , Delepine Chloe , Curiel Tyler J. , Stebbing Justin , Lenz Heinz-Josef , O’Day Steven J. , El-Khoueiry Anthony B.
Published: June 2024

Microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC; mismatch repair proficient) has previously responded poorly to immune checkpoint blockade. Botensilimab (BOT) is an Fc-enhanced multifunctional anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antibody designed to expand therapy to cold/poorly immunogenic solid tumors, such as MSS mCRC. BOT with or without balstilimab (BAL; anti-PD-1 antibody) is being evaluated in an ongoing expanded phase 1 study. The primary endpoint is safety and tolerability, which was evaluated separately in the dose-escalation portion of the study and in patients with MSS mCRC (using combined dose-escalation/dose-expansion data). Secondary endpoints include investigator-assessed RECIST version 1.1–confirmed objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DOR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Here we present outcomes in 148 heavily pre-treated patients with MSS mCRC (six from the dose-escalation cohort; 142 from the dose-expansion cohort) treated with BOT and BAL, 101 of whom were considered response evaluable with at least 6 months of follow-up. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 89% of patients with MSS mCRC (131/148), most commonly fatigue (35%, 52/148), diarrhea (32%, 47/148) and pyrexia (24%, 36/148), with no grade 5 TRAEs reported and a 12% discontinuation rate due to a TRAE (18/148; data fully mature). In the response-evaluable population (n = 101), ORR was 17% (17/101; 95% confidence interval (CI), 10–26%), and DCR was 61% (62/101; 95% CI, 51–71%). Median DOR was not reached (NR; 95% CI, 5.7 months–NR), and median PFS was 3.5 months (95% CI, 2.7–4.1 months), at a median follow-up of 10.3 months (range, 0.5–42.6 months; data continuing to mature). The combination of BOT plus BAL demonstrated a manageable safety profile with no new immune-mediated safety signals and encouraging clinical activity with durable responses. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03860272.
Kinematics and spatial structure analysis of TBM gunite robot based on D–H parameter method
Authors: Jia Lianhui , Liu Shenyao , Cao Chenxu , Kang Yehao , Zhu Ying , Wang Lijun , Xu Donglai , Cheng Ruixue
Published: June 2024

In modern tunnel construction, TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) plays a very important role. In response to the needs of tunnel wall reinforcement and TBM automated construction for tunnel construction, a shotcrete mechanism mounted on the TBM is designed. In order to evaluate the kinematic performance of the mechanism, this paper studies the forward and inverse kinematics and spatial architecture of the TBM shotcrete robot. Firstly, based on the D–H parameter method, the number of joints and links is determined and structural analysis is performed to obtain the robot's forward kinematics equation, achieving the mapping between joint space and pose space. Then, by determining the joint variables, the mapping of the end tool in Cartesian space is achieved. Finally, based on the Monte Carlo random sampling method, the workspace of the robot is constructed, and its reachability and flexibility within the robot workspace are evaluated. The performance of the device is verified by building a prototype, which meets the requirements well. Through the research in this paper, it can provide theoretical basis and guidance for the design and control of the shotcrete robot.
Anion⋯anion self-assembly under the control of σ- and π-hole bonds
Authors: Pizzi Andrea , Dhaka Arun , Beccaria Roberta , Resnati Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

Attractive interactions between molecules of like charges can be driven by the presence of areas of depleted electron density (σ and π-holes) on molecules, resulting in anion–anion self-assemblies that are ubiquitous, also found in biomolecules.
Organophosphate esters in human serum: a relatively simple and efficient liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method
Authors: Du Zhiyuan , Wei Xiaoyi , Hu Xiaohua , Zhao Yijing , Chen Guanghua , Du Xiushuai , Li Jialing , Zhan Ming , Zheng Weiwei
Published: June 2024

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers, which are of growing concern due to their endocrine-disrupting effects, developmental toxicity, and potential carcinogenicity.
Quantification of thermodynamic effects of carbohydrate multivalency on avidity using synthetic discrete glycooligomers
Authors: Nagao Masanori , Hoshino Yu , Miura Yoshiko
Published: June 2024

Thermodynamic study of the interactions of glycoligands with a target protein revealed that a distinct presentation mode of carbohydrates enhances the interaction in different manners, which we refer to as “local avidity” and “multipoint avidity”.
The role of cavitation and gas bubbles in the non-photochemical laser-induced nucleation of sodium acetate
Authors: Barber Eleanor R. , Ward Martin R. , Alexander Andrew J.
Published: June 2024

Laser pulse nucleates anhydrous sodium acetate and stable gas bubbles from solution.
Understanding photochemical degradation mechanisms in photoactive layer materials for organic solar cells
Authors: Han Jianhua , Xu Han , Paleti Sri Harish Kumar , Sharma Anirudh , Baran Derya
Published: June 2024

This review provides a historic overview of the photodegradation mechanisms of photoactive materials in organic solar cells, shedding light on the role of photochemical photodegradation pathways to pave the way for stable organic photovoltaics.
From garish to practical: synergetic effects of short-circuiting and charge-trapping for high-entropy energy harvesting
Authors: Shi Jihong , Zhang Xiangyang , Li Weilu , Bo Xiangkun , Almardi Jasim M. , Peng Zehua , Li Wen Jung , Wang Zhong Lin , Daoud Walid A.
Published: June 2024

A triboelectric device employing charge-trapping and short-circuiting is developed for high-entropy energy harvesting.
Novel bio-solar hybrid photoelectrochemical synthesis for selective hydrogen peroxide production
Authors: Zou Rusen , Rezaei Babak , Yang Xiaoyong , Zhang Wenjing , Keller Stephan Sylvest , Zhang Yifeng
Published: June 2024

A novel bio-solar hybrid photoelectrochemical synthesis (BSPS) system combines microbial and pTTh-based photocatalysis, enhancing photogenerated electron–hole separation and boosting H2O2 production 6.1-fold to 232.5 mg L−1 in 12 hours.
Laser-induced microbubble as an in vivo valve for optofluidic manipulation in living Mice's microvessels
Authors: Shao Meng , Li Changxu , Meng Chun , Liu Rui , Yu Panpan , Lu Fengya , Zhong Zhensheng , Wei Xunbin , Zhou Jinhua , Zhong Min-Cheng
Published: June 2024

This study presents an optofluidic method based on microbubble valves for regulating blood microflow in vivo while assessing the apparent viscosity of leukocytes.
Membrane-based microfluidic systems for medical and biological applications
Authors: Calzuola Silvia Tea , Newman Gwenyth , Feaugas Thomas , Perrault Cécile M. , Blondé Jean-Baptiste , Roy Emmanuel , Porrini Constance , Stojanovic Goran M. , Vidic Jasmina
Published: June 2024

Microfluidic devices with integrated membranes for medical and biological applications have shown considerable growth over the last decade.
Hyper-durable, superhydrophobic/superoleophilic fabrics based on biopolymers and organic and inorganic resins for self-cleaning and efficient water/oil separation applications
Authors: Nomeir Brahim , Lakhouil Sara , Boukheir Sofia , Ali Mustapha Ait , Naamane Sanae
Published: June 2024

The utilization of resins combined with nanoparticles represents the prevailing method for fabricating superhydrophobic fabrics.
Photocatalytic [4+2] cyclization of biomass furan into a cantharidin-like skeleton
Authors: Chang Zuhui , Wang Ying , Li Yonglu , Ye Jintao , Cui Shuaiwei , Li Xiang , Tao Yunfeng , Zhou Bei , Lei Hong
Published: June 2024

A photocatalytic [4+2] cyclization strategy was developed for biomass furan transformation into an oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene molecular skeleton.
Photoluminescence modification of europium(iii)-doped MAl2O4 (M = Zn, Mg) spinels induced by Ag@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles
Authors: Valenzuela-Fernández Rodrigo A. , Maine Arianne , Cardin Julien , Portier Xavier , Labbé Christophe , Pinto Cristóbal , Melo Francisco , Pizarro Nancy , Vargas Víctor , Segura Camilo , Galdámez Antonio
Published: June 2024

We investigated the surface-enhanced effect on the photoluminescence of two europium-doped spinels produced by modified surfaces containing Ag@SiO2 core–shell nanoparticles.
Sulforaphane enhanced muscle growth by promoting lipid oxidation through modulating key signaling pathways
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Suqin , Zhao Feng , Wang Wei , Liu Dayu , Chen Lin , Bai Ting , Wu Zhoulin , Ji Lili , Zhang Jiamin
Published: June 2024

Sulforaphane (SFN) has shown diverse effects on human health and diseases. SFN was administered daily to C57BL/6J mice at doses of 1 mg/kg (SFN1) and 3 mg/kg (SFN3) for 8 weeks. Both doses of SFN accelerated body weight increment. The cross-sectional area and diameter of Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle fibers were enlarged in SFN3 group. Triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in LD muscle were decreased in SFN groups. RNA sequencing results revealed that 2455 and 2318 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in SFN1 and SFN3 groups, respectively. Based on GO enrichment analysis, 754 and 911 enriched GO terms in the SFN1 and SFN3 groups, respectively. KEGG enrichment analysis shown that one KEGG pathway was enriched in the SFN1 group, while six KEGG pathways were enriched in the SFN3 group. The expressions of nine selected DEGs validated with qRT-PCR were in line with the RNA sequencing data. Furthermore, SFN treatment influenced lipid and protein metabolism related pathways including AMPK signaling, fatty acid metabolism signaling, cholesterol metabolism signalling, PPAR signaling, peroxisome signaling, TGFβ signaling, and mTOR signaling. In summary, SFN elevated muscle fibers size and reduced TG and TC content of in LD muscle by modulating protein and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways.
Exploring galactic properties with machine learning
Authors: Zeraatgari F. Z. , Hafezianzadeh F. , Zhang Y.-X. , Mosallanezhad A. , Zhang J.-Y.
Published: June 2024

Aims. We explore machine learning techniques to forecast the star-formation rate, stellar mass, and metallicity across galaxies with redshifts ranging from 0.01 to 0.3.

Methods. Leveraging CatBoost and deep learning architectures, we utilised multiband optical and infrared photometric data from SDSS and AllWISE trained on the SDSS MPA-JHU DR8 catalogue.

Results. Our study demonstrates the potential of machine learning to accurately predict galaxy properties solely from photometric data. We achieved minimised root mean square errors specifically by employing the CatBoost model. For the star-formation rate prediction, we attained a value of RMSESFR = 0.336 dex, while for the stellar mass prediction, the error was reduced to RMSESM = 0.206 dex. Additionally, our model yields a metallicity prediction of RMSEmetallicity = 0.097 dex.

Conclusions. These findings underscore the significance of automated methodologies in efficiently estimating critical galaxy properties amid the exponential growth of multi-wavelength astronomy data. Future research may focus on refining machine learning models and expanding datasets for even more accurate predictions.
The NIRSpec Wide GTO Survey
Authors: Maseda Michael V. , de Graaff Anna , Franx Marijn , Rix Hans-Walter , Carniani Stefano , Laseter Isaac , Dudzevičiūtė Ugnė , Rawle Tim , Parlanti Eleonora , Arribas Santiago , Bunker Andrew J. , Cameron Alex J. , Charlot Stephane , Curti Mirko , D’Eugenio Francesco , Jones Gareth C. , Kumari Nimisha , Maiolino Roberto , Übler Hannah , Saxena Aayush , Smit Renske , Willott Chris , Witstok Joris
Published: June 2024

The Near-infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope is uniquely suited to studying galaxies in the distant Universe with its combination of multi-object capabilities and sensitivity over a large range in wavelength (0.6 − 5.3 μm). Here we present the NIRSpec Wide survey, part of the NIRSpec Instrument Science Team’s Guaranteed Time Observations, using NIRSpec’s microshutter array to obtain spectra of more than 3200 galaxies at z >  1 at both low and high resolution (R ≈ 100 and 2700) for a total of 105 hours. With 31 pointings covering ≈320 arcmin2 across the five CANDELS fields with exquisite ancillary photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope, the NIRSpec Wide survey represents a fast and efficient way of probing galaxies in the early Universe. Pointing centers are determined to maximize the observability of the rarest, high-value sources. Subsequently, the microshutter configurations are optimized to observe the maximum number of “census” galaxies with a selection function based primarily on HST/F160W magnitude, photometric or slitless grism redshift, and predicted Hα flux tracing the bulk of the galaxy population at cosmic noon (zmed = 2.0). We present details on the survey strategy, the target selection, an outline of the motivating science cases, and discuss upcoming public data releases to the community.
Follow-up LOFAR observations of the τ Boötis exoplanetary system
Authors: Turner Jake D. , Grießmeier Jean-Mathias , Zarka Philippe , Zhang Xiang , Mauduit Emilie
Published: June 2024

Context. Observing the radio emission from exoplanets is among the most promising methods to detect their magnetic fields and a measurement of an exoplanetary magnetic field will help constrain the planet’s interior structure, star-planet interactions, atmospheric escape and dynamics, and habitability. Recently, circularly polarized bursty and slow emission from theτBoötis (τBoo) exoplanetary system was tentatively detected using LOFAR (LOW-Frequency ARray) beamformed observations. If confirmed, this detection will be a major contribution to exoplanet science. However, follow-up observations are required to confirm this detection.

Aims. Here, we present such follow-up observations of the τ Boo system using LOFAR. These observations cover 70% of the orbital period of τ Boo b including the orbital phases of the previous tentative detections.

Methods. We used theBOREALISpipeline to mitigate radio frequency interference and to search for bursty and slowly varying radio signals.BOREALISwas previously used to find the tentative radio signals from τ Boo.

Results. Our new observations do not show any signs of bursty or slow emission from the τ Boötis exoplanetary system.

Conclusions. The cause for our non-detection is currently degenerate. It is possible that the tentative radio signals were an unknown instrumental systematic or that we are observing variability in the planetary radio emission due to changes in its host star. More radio data (preferably multi-site) and ancillary observations (e.g. magnetic maps) are required to further investigate the potential radio emission from the τ Boötis exoplanetary system.
The Spectra of IceCube Neutrino (SIN) candidate sources
Authors: Rodrigues X. , Karl M. , Padovani P. , Giommi P. , Paiano S. , Falomo R. , Petropoulou M. , Oikonomou F.
Published: June 2024

Context. A correlation has been reported between the arrival directions of high-energy IceCube events and γ-ray blazars classified as intermediate- and high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. Subsequent studies have investigated the optical properties of these sources, compiled and analyzed public multiwavelength data, and constrained their individual neutrino emission based on public IceCube point-source data.

Aims. We provide a theoretical interpretation of public multiwavelength and neutrino point source data for the 32 BL Lac objects in the sample previously associated with an IceCube alert event. We combined the individual source results to draw conclusions regarding the multimesssenger properties of the sample and the required power in relativistic protons.

Methods. We performed particle interaction modeling using open-source numerical simulation software. We constrained the model parameters using a novel and unique approach that simultaneously describes the host galaxy contribution, the observed synchrotron peak properties, the average multiwavelength fluxes, and, where possible, the IceCube point source constraints.

Results. We show that a single-zone leptohadronic model can describe the multiwavelength broadband fluxes from all 32 IceCube candidates. In some cases, the model suggests that hadronic emission may contribute a considerable fraction of the γ-ray flux. The required power in relativistic protons ranges from a few percent to a factor of ten of the Eddington luminosity, which is energetically less demanding compared to other leptohadronic blazar models in recent literature. The model can describe the 68% confidence level IceCube flux for a large fraction of the masquerading BL Lacs in the sample, including TXS 0506+056; whereas, for true BL Lacs, the model predicts a low neutrino flux in the IceCube sensitivity range. Physically, this distinction is due to the presence of photons from broad line emission in masquerading BL Lacs, which increase the efficiency of hadronic interactions. The predicted neutrino flux peaks between a few petaelectronvolt and 100 PeV and scales positively with the flux in the gigaelectronvolt, megaelectronvolt, X-ray, and optical bands. Based on these results, we provide a list of the brightest neutrino emitters, which can be used for future searches targeting the 10–100 PeV regime.
Providing housing for young families as a factor in the sustainable development of a municipality
Authors: Belyusova Elena Vasilyevna , Sbrodova Nadezhda Vasilievna , Pestryakov Alexey Nikolaevich
Published: June 2024

Quality of life is among the basic components of sustainable development of a municipality. In turn, the level of housing provision is the most important indicator of life quality of the population in a certain area. Providing housing for such a category of citizens as young families is one of the priority tasks of the socio-economic development of Russia and its administrative-territorial units. At the present stage, the solution to this problem is carried out within the framework of a program-targeted approach. This article examines the functions of regional and municipal bodies in relation to improving the living conditions of young families. The article contains proposals for improving the implementation of certain measures carried out by authorities when providing social support measures to provide housing for citizens of this category. The research site was a municipality such as Yekaterinburg.
Effective use of secondary resources: Technologies and recycling methods
Authors: Arsakhanova Zina , Ravil Shiriev , Statsenko Elena
Published: June 2024

The efficient utilization of secondary resources has become increasingly imperative in the context of sustainable development and environmental conservation. This abstract explores the latest advancements in technologies and recycling methods aimed at maximizing the value extracted from secondary resources while minimizing environmental impact. In recent years, innovative technologies have emerged to address the growing challenges associated with resource scarcity and waste management. These technologies encompass a wide range of approaches, including advanced sorting techniques, material recovery processes, and energy-efficient recycling methods. By leveraging automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence, these technologies enable more precise sorting and separation of recyclable materials, thereby enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of recycling operations.Furthermore, this abstract examines the importance of circular economy principles in optimizing the use of secondary resources. By transitioning from a linear “take-make dispose” model to a closed-loop system, where materials are continuously recycled and reused, significant environmental benefits can be realized. Circular economy strategies such as product redesign, remanufacturing, and waste-to-energy conversion play a pivotal role in minimizing resource extraction, reducing waste generation, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, this abstract highlights the role of policy frameworks, industry collaborations, and consumer awareness in driving the adoption of sustainable practices across various sectors.
Retrospective of thematic trends in scientific publications on environmental safety
Authors: Blaginin Victor Andreevich , Goncharova Maria Nikolaevna , Sokolova Elizaveta Vitalievna , Shatrova Alexandra Yaroslavovna
Published: June 2024

The article provides a retrospective analysis of the research in the field of environmental safety, including the correlation of the identified thematic stages with the historical development of environmental policy. The set goals are achieved by assessing the distribution of the publications volume on environmental safety by years and periods as well as cluster analysis of scientific terms in this topic. The work used methods of bibliometric analysis of metadata from 49 thousand documents from the Dimensions platform, published between 1933 and 2024. Vosviewer.Introduction and Scimago Graphica software tools were used to visualize the data.
Mathematical modeling of the filtration flows movement in contaminated wells
Authors: Petrov Nikolay P. , Petrova Svetlana N. , Korzhavina Natalya V.
Published: June 2024

Within the framework of this article, examples of solving specific problems related to the flow of fluid to a well in basin conditions and the flow of groundwater in limited layers, affecting environmental pollution, are considered. The purpose of the work is to study the use of complex potentials in the study of well performance in limited areas, to describe the performance of wells in systems of production and injection wells. The research hypothesis is that under conditions of natural migration and accepted limitations, streamlines and equipotentials can play the role of impermeable boundaries and boundaries of free liquid. To construct complex flow potentials for wells in typical reservoir patterns, conformal transformation methods were used. A method for determining the permissible flow rate of a well without contamination is considered. The authors have identified the conditions for the spread of pollution in the presence of their source, which are solved based on the use of complex potentials that describe the flow.
Characterization of Advanced Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy Applications
Authors: Mittal Aman , Deorari Rajesh , Pandey Sakshi , Kumar Ravi , V Srinivas , Mongal Binitendra Naath
Published: June 2024

This research examines the properties of advanced nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for use in sustainable energy applications. An examination of material composition shows that graphene has a carbon content of 95%, carbon nanotubes have 90% carbon, and MOFs have a carbon content of 70% combined with 20% nitrogen. Structural analysis reveals the shape and pore structure of the nanomaterials. Graphene and carbon nanotubes have a high level of crystallinity and a restricted range of pore sizes, while MOFs have a lower level of crystallinity and a larger range of pore sizes. The electrochemical performance test confirms that the produced nanomaterials are suitable for energy storage applications. Graphene and carbon nanotubes have specific capacities of 300 mAh/g and 350 mAh/g, respectively, while MOFs have a specific capacity of 250 mAh/g. An environmental impact study has shown that there are differences in energy consumption, waste production, and CO2 emissions when it comes to synthesizing nanomaterials. Among these, graphene synthesis has been shown to have the least negative influence on the environment. This study enhances the comprehension of nanomaterial characteristics and their possible uses in sustainable energy technologies, offering valuable knowledge for the development and improvement of energy storage devices based on nanomaterials.
Evaluation of green synthesized Fe2O3@MnO2(core/shell) nanoparticles as antibacterial and adsorbent material for heavy metals
Authors: Hayder Rand A. , Shanan Zainab J.
Published: June 2024

In this research, a core /shell from Fe2O3@MnO2-Nanoparticale was manufactured by Leek leaf extract in greenway biosynthesis. This method works as a reducing and covering agent. Fe2O3@MnO2 NPs have been confirmed as an effective antibacterial agent for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Synthesized nanoparticles were more efficient against gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria, with corresponding values of (31, and 24 mm) for klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Adsorption of metals (Pb, Cr, Ni, and Cd) by Fe2O3@MnO2 NPs trapped in calcium alginate was examined for use as a contaminant removal from water for the first time in Iraq. The results showed that nanoparticles trapped by alginate adsorbed more than alginate alone, and thus the Fe2O3@MnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were able to remove lead, chromium, nickel, and cadmium from aqueous solutions with adsorption rate ranging between (84-99) %. Characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles were studied using (UV-visible) -spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Mathematical Model DDS for Information Security Management of the Organization
Authors: Khranilov Valery P. , Burago Pavel N. , Egamov Albert I.
Published: June 2024

The paper describes the mathematical aspects of an intelligent information decision support system (DSS) in the field of information security. A mathematical model of the system is presented. The reaction to a signal of a decrease in the level of security of IT assets is described. When the critical value of the objective function of security is reached, adjustments are being made to the list of information protection measures and review the current level of cyber risks. The system is configured so as not to trigger at the first, possibly random, external alarm. Also at the base of mathematical model there are financial restrictions of organization on ensuring the information security and prices for protection blocks are taken into account. This paper shows the connection of the presented mathematical model with classical linear programming problems. The mathematical formulation of this model is equivalent to the modified knapsack problem, a well-known discrete optimization problem; however, the presented mathematical model has its own specifics, which complicates the solution in the general case for arbitrary number of blocs and sections. In practical implementation, when this number of blocks and sections is not large, the problem, generally speaking, can be solved, among other things, by brute force method. It is shown that under some additional conditions, the problem can be reduced to the assignment problem, which is solved in polynomial time, and under additional conditions on the prices of protection blocks, its solution will the identical permutation. These additional conditions are not contrived or artificial.
Use of hydrolysed lentil protein in sauce technology
Authors: Rozhdestvenskaya Lada , Chugunova Olga
Published: June 2024

Consumer interest in high-quality healthy eating creates a growing trend in food production. A special place in the development of new products is occupied by positions that can meet the trends of sustainability, functional significance and the use of plant ingredients recommended by WHO, as preferential in organizing a healthy diet. The study solved the expansion problem of the popular food products with high functional and biological characteristics - sauces based on modified legumes. The basis was taken from the recipes of 3 sauces containing nuts, spices and vegetables. The comparative analysis, taking into account the nutritional and biological value of leguminous raw materials, as well as organoleptic features, allowed adopting the Donskaya variety extra red lentils of the Agro-Alliance brand as the introduced ingredient. To reduce the impact of anti-nutritional factors contained in lentils and to improve the absorption of protein contained in leguminous raw materials, it was crushed, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis (Protosubtilin A-250). The resulting lentil hydrolysate was added into the base sauce formulations in different concentrations (15 to 25% by weight of the ingredient to be replaced). The choice of the final formulation was determined based on a comparative organoleptic assessment and the achievement of functional thresholds for individual micronutrients. The result of the work was the development of technology and formulations of new products rich in biologically active compounds and having an improved nutrient profile compared to basic samples.