bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Galicyjska przystań. O wychowankach męskiego gimnazjum siedleckiego, pracownikach szkolnictwa średniego i wyższego w zaborze austriackim
Authors: Bobryk Witold
Published: October 2024

Galicja w okresie autonomicznym stanowiła ostoję polskiego życia społecznego, politycznego, kulturowego i naukowego. Z powodu represji politycznych w zaborze rosyjskim na terenie Galicji chronili się m.in. absolwenci i uczniowie męskiego gimnazjum rządowego w Siedlcach. Tutaj mogli kontynuować naukę, podjąć pracę czy prowadzić działalność polityczną. Niektórzy z nich zostali zatrudnieni w szkolnictwie średnim i wyższym. W badaniach naukowych podejmowali często problematykę związaną z nowym miejscem osiedlenia. Wykonując zawód nauczyciela, nie tylko powiększali grono inteligencji, ale również wywierali wpływ na kształtowanie kolejnych pokoleń middle class w tym wielonarodowym, wielowyznaniowym i wielokulturowym tyglu, jaki stanowiła Galicja.
Percursos e utopias: fragmentos da história da educação popular na América Latina
Authors: Ferreira da Silva César , Spigolon Nima
Published: October 2024

A Educação Popular tem sua história vinculada à história da América Latina. Tais cenários nos provocam a pensar possíveis intersecções entre os percursos e as utopias latino-americanas, com olhares ontológicos e históricos, imbricados ao movimento de Educação Popular no Brasil. Nesse contexto, o trabalho se orienta pela abordagem teórico-bibliográfica, através de uma perspectiva memorialística, objetiva identificar, diferentes sentidos, significados, características que ao longo de sua história foram atribuídas ao termo Popular-Cultura Popular e/ou Educação Popular, por meio de Pesquisadores(as) e Educadores(as) Populares latino-americanos precursores da Educação Popular, tanto no Brasil, quanto em outros países da América Latina, por meio de profundo mapeamento de seus percursos históricos, políticos, pedagógicos e sociais. As conclusões se abrem para o papel fundante que os movimentos sociais da América Latina, constituíram-se por meio de seus expoentes identificados no mapeamento, dos quais carregam em seu bojo a história viva da Educação Popular enquanto práxis, marcada no corpo, na memória e no céu na história da Educação Popular da América Latina.
ACADEMICIAN KORZH O.O. IS AN OUTSTANDING SCIENTIST OF THE XX CENTURY, FOUNDER OF A NEW STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF ORTHOPEDICS AND TRAUMATOLOGY IN UKRAINE (TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH)
Authors: Tankut Volodymyr , Filipenko Volodymyr , Golubeva Inna , Shevchenko Olena , Berenov Kostyantyn
Published: October 2024

The article is dedicated to academician Korzh Oleksii Oleksandrovych.
PERCUTANEOUS RELEASE OF THE MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT DURING KNEE ARTHROSCOPY
Authors: Golovakha Maksym , Bilykh Yevhen , Pertsov Volodymyr
Published: October 2024

The complete visualisation of the internal joint space is crucial for effective knee arthroscopy. However, limited access to certain areas can lead to complications, including cartilage damage. Percutaneous partial release of the medial collateral ligament has been shown to effectively widen the medial compartment of the joint. Objective. This study aimed to determine the effect of percutaneous release of the medial collateral ligament on the postoperative period and restoration of knee joint function. Methods. The patients were divided into two groups: the study group (n = 32) and the comparison group (n = 36). T he study group underwent partial resection of the medial meniscus in combination with percutaneous partial release of the medial collateral ligament, while the comparison group underwent only partial removal of the medial meniscus without widening the medial joint gap. The assessment included pain, functional recovery according to the Tegner Lisholm scale, and the possibility of developing medial instability. Results. The analysis of VAS scores showed a significant reduction in pain in both groups over time. However, there was no significant difference in pain intensity between the two groups during the study. According to the Tegner Lysholm scale, there was a statistically significant improvement in the functional status of patients 6 months after surgery compared to preoperative values in both the study group (p = 0.0034) and the control group (p = 0.0071). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups on t he s ame s cale ( p = 0 .871). The study g roup s howed a s light increase in valgus deviation of the tibia (no more than 5o) in 14 (43.75%) patients during the valgus stress test performed on days 7–10 postoperatively. However, after 6 weeks, none of the patients reported any subjective instability or weakness of the knee joint. Therefore, it can be concluded that the procedure was successful. Conclusion. Percutaneous release of the medial collateral ligament to widen the medial aspect during knee arthroscopy has no effect on the postoperative period or the results of partial removal of the medial
meniscus.
PREDICTION OF REPEATED OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES OF THE THORACIC AND LUMBAR VERTEBRAE (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)
Authors: Popov Andrii , Moloduk Mykyta
Published: October 2024

Objective. To analyze the patterns of occurrence of postoperative recurrent vertebral compression fractures (RVCF) depending on the location of the primary fracture after puncture vertebroplasty. Methods. 520 case histories of patients with osteoporotic fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine of various locations were analyzed. The total number of treated vertebral bodies was 1,458 (thoracic 596 — 40.88 %, lumbar 862 — 59.12 %). Most often, compression fractures of the spine occurred in the thoracolumbar junction (784 — 53.77 %). RVCF was diagnosed in 64 (12.31 %) people (95 % CI: 9.94–14.68 %) during follow-up examinations, after 1, 3, 6 or 12 months. since the operation. The study was carried out by 3 methods of forecasting: assessment of conditional probabilities, study of the significance of a primary fracture as a predictor of repeated fracture in a specific vertebra, analysis of associative rules and relationships Results. According to the 1st method, all conditional probabilities do not exceed 0.4 and the highest of them are the probabilities LI and LIV RVCF (0.39) with a primary ThVI fracture, and the probability of ThVIII RVCF (0.38) with a ThV primary fracture. Method II found only two regularities that allow an interpretation that corresponds to the purpose of our research. The third method revealed the associative rules and connections of the primary fracture of ThV with RVCF LI, ThXII; according to ThVI with RVCF LI, LII; in the case of ThVIII with RVCF LI, ThXII; ThX fracture with ThX, ThXI, ThXII, LII RVCF; under ThXI conditions with ThV, ThVII, ThVIII, ThIX, ThX, ThXII RVCF; for ThX with RVCF ThIX, ThXI, ThXII, LII; ThX fracture with ThX, ThXI, ThXII, LII RVCF. Conclusions. Prediction of repeated osteoporotic fractures is an important and topical problem of todayʼs vertebrology. Our study shows the most vivid patterns that are characteristic of the general sample of patients, namely: with a primary fracture of ThXI — a new deformation of ThVIII is possible; in the case of ThVII — new fractures of ThIX, ThXII, LI; for ThXII — injuries of ThXI; primary LI — new ThXII, LIV, LV.
STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL ANALGESIC PROPERTIES OF CARBON DIOXIDE FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAIN SYNDROME IN CASE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Shtroblia Viktor , Lutsenko Ruslan
Published: October 2024

Pain syndrome is a serious global problem that causes and complicates a number of diseases, the main symptom of which is joint pain. One of them is osteoarthritis (OA). Traditional methods of treating OA often have limited efficacy and can cause side effects, so it is important to study new approaches, such as carboxytherapy (use of carbon dioxide). Objective. To investigate the analgesic effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) and its combined use with other agents. Methods. The efficacy of carbon dioxide injections used alone and in combination with other drugs was studied in a formalin model of inflammation in rats. Results. The latent periods of phases I and II increased significantly in the experimental groups, especially in groups V, VI and VII (p < 0.001), indicating a delay in pain reactions. The duration of pain phase I was significantly shorter in the groups receiving CO2 compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The shortest duration was observed in group V, where it decreased by 1.77 minutes. The duration of pain phase II was also significantly shorter in groups V, VI, and VII treated with CO2 compared to group II (p < 0.001). The difference ranged from 7.49 to 12.54 minutes. The number of pain reactions after phase I decreased by 13.25– 16.1 points in the groups receiving CO2 compared to the control group. The data obtained indicate that CO2 significantly increases the duration of latent periods of pain (by 55–65 %), reduces the duration of its phases (by 40–50 %) and reduces the intensity of pain reactions (by 40–50 %) in rats compared to control pathology. The most pronounced effect was observed with the combined use of CO2 with sodium diclofenac or chondroitin sulfate. Conclusions. The results of the study expand the understanding of the analgesic effect of CO2 on the formalin model of inflammation. The use of CO2 significantly reduced the duration of both phases of the pain reaction and reduced the number of painful manifestations, which confirms the prospects of its use as an additional, and in some cases the main means of reducing pain and inflammation.
OSSEOINTEGRATIVE PROSTHETICS: OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS APPLICATION IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH AMPUTATED LIMBS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Haluzynskyi Olexandr , Linenko Olexandr , Bondarenko Stanislav , Nikolov Mykola , Maltseva Valentyna
Published: October 2024

Rehabilitation of patients with amputated limbs is a pressing medical and social issue in modern society. A novel method for partial restoration of limb function is osseointegrative prosthetics. Its main advantage lies in the fact that the implant allows mechanical loads and forces to be transmitted directly to the bone, whereas in traditional prostheses, they mainly act on soft tissues. Despite nearly 30 years of experience with osseointegrative implants globally, these technologies have not yet been implemented in either scientific or clinical practice in Ukraine. Objective. To conduct a literature review of the global practical experience with the use of osseointegrative prosthetics in patients with amputations and to identify its main features, advantages, and disadvantages. Methods. The information search was performed in the bibliographic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Results. The analysis of literature sources allowed us to distinguish the main types of osseointegrative implants, which differ in terms of design, materials, and surgical techniques: either single-stage or two-stage procedures, and fixation by threading or press-fitting. The rehabilitation period ranges from 6 months to 2 years. Within the first two years, certain complications such as bone infections and skin inflammation should be expected. Hфowever, most of these pathological conditions can be effectively managed. Conclusions. Successful fixation of osseointegrative implants requires optimizing the patient’s bone, the prosthetic surfaces, and the ‘skin-implant’ interface. The implementation of these technologies requires multidisciplinary teams of specialists, including physicians, engineers, and rehabilitation experts. Osseointegrative implants significantly enhance patients’ functional abilities and quality of life, opening up greater opportunities for the use of bionic and robotic prosthetics.
Analyses of rapeseed varieties with regard to quantitative and qualitative traits
Authors: Shafieian A. , Mazloom P. , Daliri M. S. , Mousavi A. A.
Published: October 2024

Abstract Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in terms of economics, ecology, and nutrition. For the purpose of selecting the most suitable canola genotypes for quantitative and qualitative traits, an experiment was conducted in Damavand region with the presence of nine genotypes and the examination of nine traits with three replications. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotype in terms of all traits had significant differences at the level of 0.01 and 0.05. Additionally, the results of the average comparison indicated that Zargol and Hyola 401 genotypes were more favorable than other cultivars in terms of all traits. According to the three analyses related to the examination of the traits, it was concluded that the grain yield trait was positively correlated with the harvest index trait, the biological yield trait was positively correlated with the oil percentage trait, and the leaf width trait was positively correlated with the number of days to 50% flowering. Using principal component analysis (PCA), the first three components explained more than 81 percent of the variance in the data, and the first and second components had positive coefficients for Zargol and Hyola 401 genotypes. On the basis of the graphical analysis, the Zargol and Sunday genotypes were selected as the best genotypes. In comparison with the cluster analysis and heat map drawn on the data, the genotypes were grouped into two main groups based on traits. Accordingly, Zargol genotypes are considered stable genotypes in terms of their traits and are suitable for cultivation and agricultural research.
OS TRÊS TEMPOS DA POESIA
Authors: Justino Luciano Barbosa
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Este artigo discute a poesia a partir de uma perspectiva midiológica, em outras palavras, observa o curso histórico da poesia no ocidente, especialmente em língua portuguesa, levando em conta principalmente seus suportes de inscrição simbólica, com o intuito de rastrear as implicações políticas e culturais do papel do poeta nas diferentes rupturas históricas.
PANORAMA EVOLUTIVO: ESTILÍSTICA E ESTILO
Authors: Emílio Aline
Published: October 2024

Resumo O objetivo do presente trabalho é possibilitar uma visão panorâmica e evolutiva sobre Retórica e Estilística. Faremos o percurso passando por Aristóteles, pelas mudanças de idéias do séc. XVIII, até chegarmos ao séc. XX. A seguir, o enfoque será dirigido para as características que permitem diferenciar Estilística Literária e Geral. E, finalmente, mostraremos o Estilo e a Estilística no séc. XX. Com esta exposição, esperamos poder contribuir para um melhor entendimento da atividade de linguagem em perspectiva estilística.
Relational and functional aspects of safety for patients and caregivers in intensive care: scoping review
Authors: Santana Maria Aparecida Pereira dos Santos , Fonseca Eliana Rosa da , Roque Keroulay Estebanez , Figueiredo Tony de Oliveira , Souza Valentina Maria Dias de , Stipp Marluci Andrade Conceição , Trotte Liana Amorim Correa
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the relational and functional aspects of patient safety through the experiences reported by the patients themselves and/or their caregivers in intensive care units. Method: Scoping review developed with searches, in September 2021 and updated in November 2022, in the following databases: Virtual Health Library, considering only the LILACS, BDENF, IBECS, ColecionaSUS databases; SCIELO, PsycINFO, EMBASE, COCHRANE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and Web of Science. Results: The final selection included 14 articles highlighting communication as an essential relational factor for care safety. The most predominant functional aspects were physical care environment, structured protocols, and the performance of professionals in the care process. Conclusion: Communication processes were predominant in relational aspects and were decisive for functional aspects, with emphasis on the performance of professionals in the care process. Instruments developed for quality process analysis were used in most of the studies.
Socio-emotional competencies mobilized by nurse-leaders in coping with the covid-19 pandemic in a university hospital
Authors: Santos Ises Adriana Reis dos , Amestoy Simone Coelho , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Conceição Marimeire Morais da , Varanda Patrícia Alves Galhardo , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Silva Ingredy Nayara Chiacchio , Santos Olga Maria Brito dos
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the socio-emotional competencies mobilized by nurse leaders during and after facing the Covid-19 pandemic in a university hospital. Method: Case study, conducted with sixteen nurses working in the leadership of units and services at a university hospital in northeastern Brazil. Data collected in two moments through semi-structured interviews. The interviews took place between August to December 2022 and January to August 2023. An inductive and coded thematic analysis was performed, according to the bucket theme technique, assisted by the NVivo12 software and supported by the grouping of twenty-five items included in the Socio-emotional competence scale. Results: During the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic, nurses expressed a mix of emotions due to their lack of knowledge about the disease. Faced with the climate of fear and the feeling of helplessness, they developed strategies that minimized the risks of illness and death. Two categories emerged: Emotional climate experienced by nurses and Coping strategies developed by nurses in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Final considerations: The competencies of social awareness, regulation, self-control, creativity, and emotional awareness were identified in the nurses’ reports. These skills contributed to coping with the pandemic period, through the participation, involvement, and integration of professionals.
People with pulmonary tuberculosis in primary health care: social networks and repercussions of illness
Authors: Motta Maria Catarina Salvador da , Souza Maria Helena do Nascimento , Zeitoune Regina Célia Gollner , Andrade Erlon Gabriel Rego de , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Oliveira Ana Paula Rezendes de , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the perceptions of people with pulmonary tuberculosis about their social support networks and the repercussions of becoming ill. Method: a qualitative, descriptive study, conducted with 41 individuals undergoing treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, in Primary Health Care units in two Brazilian capitals: Belém/Pará and Campo Grande/Mato Grosso do Sul. Semi-structured individual interviews were carried out from July to December 2019. The thematic content analysis technique was applied. Results: among the participants, 21 (51.22%) were from Belém and 20 (48.78%) from Campo Grande. Males (n=23/56.10%), age group from 21 to 40 years old (n=16/39.02%), unemployed status (n=28/68.29%) and who did not receive social benefits (n=23/56.10%) predominated. Three thematic categories emerged, presenting perceptions about social networks and the types of support they offer, the impact of the disease on family budget and its impact on work activities. Final considerations: social support networks were characterized by the diversity of people and family or emotional ties maintained with the participants, as well as the diversity of types of support. In this context, they found the necessary human support to face the impact of the illness and deal with their socioeconomic condition.
Tradução para a língua portuguesa (Brasil), adaptação cultural e validação do Parathyroid Assessment of Symptoms (PAS) em pacientes com doença renal crônica e hiperparatireoidismo
Authors: Campos Rafael Costa e , Amaral Rayssa Ruszkowski do , Hentschke Marta Ribeiro , Toneto Marcelo Garcia , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Resumo Introdução: A doença renal crônica (DRC) está relacionada à elevada morbimortalidade e perda de qualidade de vida. Igualmente, o hiperparatireoidismo está associado à perda progressiva da função renal, com níveis aumentados de fosfato e diminuição de cálcio, que induzem secreção do paratormônio. Objetivos: Traduzir para língua portuguesa (Brasil), adaptar culturalmente e validar o questionário Parathyroid Symptoms Assessment (PAS), seguindo critérios de confiabilidade e validade em pacientes com DRC e hiperparatireoidismo. Métodos: Estudo metodológico e transversal, realizado no Hospital São Lucas/PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brasil. O processo de validação do questionário PAS seguiu protocolos de estudos anteriores. Após tradução para o português, aplicou-se a 100 pacientes com hiperparatireoidismo secundário (HPTS) e terciário ou persistente (HPTT). Para dados de validação do PAS, os pacientes responderam ao questionário Short Form Health 36 (SF-36). Critérios de confiabilidade foram avaliados usando coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e alfa de Cronbach (α-C). A validade foi avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman entre valores de PAS e SF-36. Resultados: A idade média dos participantes foi 55,6 ± 15,6 anos, 61% eram homens e 68% foram diagnosticados com HPTS. Entre 100 pacientes, 53% realizaram reteste de PAS (CCI = 0,83). A confiabilidade interna por α-C foi 0,86. Observaram-se correlações negativas entre questões do PAS e os domínios físico e mental do SF-36, que variaram de 0,3 a 0,7. Conclusão A versão brasileira do questionário PAS mostrou-se válida e confiável. O questionário PAS pode ser usado para avaliar qualidade de vida em pacientes brasileiros com hiperparatireoidismo que falam português.
The influence of miasmatic theory on the construction of the Hospital Geral de Santo António in Porto in the nineteenth century
Authors: Palma Monique
Published: October 2024

Abstract The aim of this work is to ascertain the relevance of the miasmatic theory for the construction and spatial organization of the Hospital Geral de Santo António in Porto, Portugal, in the 19th century, from then recent graduate physicians’ viewpoint. The methodology consists of analyzing the inaugural dissertations presented to the Escola Médico-Cirúrgica do Porto in order to assess the physicians’ perceptions of the Santo António Hospital building, with emphasis on the relationship between health, medicine and environment. This work intends to contribute to better understand the relationship between the theoretical referential approach to disease and medical practice, at the interface of health, medicine, and environment by analyzing interspecies encounters.
VigiNUTRI Brasil: methods of request, data extraction, treatment and consistency analysis of individual data from adolescents monitored by the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sisvan Web)
Authors: Alves Rafaella Lemos , Toral Natacha , Silva Thiago Luiz Nogueira da , Gonçalves Vivian Siqueira Santos
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the methods for requesting, extracting data, processing and analyzing the consistency of anthropometric and food consumption data of adolescents monitored by Sisvan Web. Methods Methodological study with individualized data from Sisvan web between 2008 and 2018. The modules of anthropometry and consumption, made available by the Ministry of Health, had a unique identifier for linkages. Implausible values and individuals outside the age range were excluded. Consistency analyses, with corrections for imputations and descriptive statistics, were performed using Stata 16.0 software. Results A database was obtained with 18,812,232 observations of anthropometric data between 2008 and 2018 and 440,534 records of food consumption between 2015 and 2018; after merging the banks, 64,976 observations were obtained. Conclusion The combination of anthropometry and food consumption databases made it possible to link individual adolescent data and build a database with information for future analyzes relating to the dietary and nutritional profile of the same individual.
PRÁTICA DOCENTE DE FORMADORES DE PROFESSORES DE QUÍMICA: O QUE REVELAM AS PESQUISAS?
Authors: Zamerim Oliveira Brenda , Prestes Massena Elisa
Published: October 2024

A docência universitária implica em conhecimentos que contribuam nesse exercício, além de saberes específicos e pedagógicos sobre a sua área de estudo e disciplinas a serem ministradas. Esse texto analisa o que vem sendo pesquisado sobre a prática docente de formadores de professores de cursos de licenciatura em Química. Nesta pesquisa, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico do período de 2018 a 2023 de artigos presentes no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, na Redalyc e no SciELO, nos periódicos Revista Docência do Ensino Superior, Cadernos de Educação, Química Nova, ReSBEnQ, REDEQUIM. A análise dos dados foi à luz da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), em que se obtiveram duas categorias, uma a priori e outra emergente, respectivamente: i) Decisão docente: o ponto de partida para a prática docente; ii) Em foco os desafios: uma tendência nas pesquisas educacionais. Entre os resultados, os artigos analisados possibilitaram identificar que as discussões sobre os formadores de professores permeiam os obstáculos enfrentados na Universidade e as implicações para a organização e implementação da ação docente. Em relação à escolha dos assuntos a serem abordados, foi identificado que o docente estabelece os próprios critérios que divergem às vezes da ementa do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso. Em suma, essa pesquisa apresenta que existe uma tendência das pesquisas em abordar sobre as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos formadores, além disso, elucidando a ausência de artigos que discutem a respeito da prática docente desse professor, em aspectos como intencionalidades das metodologias e estratégias utilizadas em sala de aula.
QUEST FOR 'EASY MONEY': ALCOHOL TRADE BY FEMALE MERCHANTS IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION IN THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Menshikova E. N.
Published: October 2024

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, female merchants in the Central Chernozem region of Russia actively participated in the wine trade, selling a variety of alcoholic beverages including wines, vodka, beer, and honey-based spirits. The author identified 2,342 female merchants who lived in the Voronezh, Kursk, Orel and Tambov provinces during this period, with approximately 5,9 % of them engaged in the wine trade. The majority of them conducted their wine businesses independently, without the assistance of male relatives, and obtained guild and trade certificates in their own names. They operated both wholesale establishments, such as warehouses, and retail outlets like wine shops, grocery stores, and imported wine cellars. Additionally, they sold alcoholic beverages in drinking establishments, inns, and restaurants. After the introduction of the state wine monopoly in Russia in 1894, female merchants competed with state-owned wine shops. The state wine monopoly was gradually introduced across the regions of Russian Empire. It was introduced in the Voronezh and Kursk provinces on July 1, 1900, and in the Orel and Tambov provinces on July 1, 1902. Along with the occupation of the wine trade, female merchants diversified their business activities by engaging in industrial production. They owned distilleries, candle factories, oil mills, textile factories, and flourmills, and were also engaged in usury practices.
ON THE QUESTION OF ADULTERY OF THE RUSSIAN PRINCESS EUPHEMIA VLADIMIROVNA
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Nikolaeva N. D.
Published: October 2024

The marriage union of the Russian Princess Euphemia Vladimirovna and the Hungarian King Kalman the Scribe ended sadly when the husband accused Euphemia of treason and sent her back to Russia. While historical sources, including Russian chronicles and Hungarian chronicles, offer limited information on these events, they do not contradict each other: the totality of data gives an idea of the reality of adultery. However, the study of the biography of the son of Euphemia Vladimirovna Boris gave researchers grounds to put forward a diametrically opposite version. This theory posits that the alleged betrayal of the Russian princess was a later political fabrication, emerging during the intensification of the power struggle among Hungarian political elites in the 1130s. Given the sparse historical records, proponents of both versions rely on arguments related to human psychology and on the so-called “argumentum ex silentio”. The article attempts to consider the issue from a fresh perspective, based on Marc Bloch's concept of the inexhaustibility of historical sources and emphasizing the fundamental importance of the angle from which it should be viewed. Through an analysis of chronicle data, the author asserts that the adultery of the Russian princess was real, the proof of which is her burial in the church of St. The Savior in the village of Berestovo. Additionally, a system of arguments, including evidence “a contrario”, is given in support of the conclusion
SPIRITUAL POEMS MISCELLANY OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY: HIGHLIGHTS TO THE PORTRAIT OF THE COMPILER
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Anufrieva N. V.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the content and decoration of the Old Believer eschatological Miscellany from the early 20th century, preserved in a private collection (Yurgamysh, Kurgan region). The compiler and designer of the Miscellany, as well as the author of small textual inserts, is one person, a member of the Pomor Old Believer community Amply Zakharovich Polynskikh, who lived in the village of Kamagan (Chelyabinsk region) in the first half of the 20th century. The compiler of the Miscellany tried to set out the Christian doctrine’s main positions on the Last Judgment and to show the way to the salvation of believers. For this purpose, he selected spiritual verses thematically and outlined his own understanding of the truth of faith, accompanying the texts by expressive graphic additions in the form of headpieces, endings, initials, two-color author's miniatures, as well as a set of colorful miniatures, probably taken from another Miscellany. This talentedly designed and well-compiled Miscellany is a variant of combining explanations of the “true faith’s” provisions, moralizing texts with a demonstration of a person’s moral choice and responsibility for everything that happens in life. In addition, the Miscellany is a historical source, which, thanks to the author’s notes, reflects the biography of a particular person, an Old Believer with his own interesting outlook on life, faith, the topic of salvation, etc. Numerous economic and memorial records provide an opportunity to see the private fate of a person of a certain occupation, with creative potential and artistic aspirations. The value of the Miscellany lies in the fact that it is both a talentedly constructed text with pictorial elements of decorative design, and an expressive historical source. It provides a window into a picture of life, occupations, and spiritual aspirations of the Old Believer community of the Ural region of the first half of the 20th century.
PERM IS A LAND IN THE UPPER REACHES OF RIVERS
Authors:   Perm Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Humanitarian Studies of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Korchagin P. A.
Published: October 2024

The study serves as a follow-up to the article that provided a historiographical review of the debate surrounding the etymology of the toponym Perm. About 40 geographical objects with Permian names found on the territory of Finland and 13 regions of the Russian Federation were involved in the historical-geographical research. Various kinds of “back lands” (Perm) are evenly distributed throughout the studied territory, and parallel searches for “front lands” did not yield results, which forces us to question the version of a drifting toponym. At the same time, an abundance of Permian hydronyms is recorded, although this should seem paradoxical, because Perm is the “back land”. The use of historical-geographical methods made it possible to clarify the etiology (origin) of the names of the Permian series, which should be understood not just as the back ground, but the land on the river bottoms, in the upper reaches of rivers, in areas of concentration of overland sections of waterways. Portages of varying intensity of use are recorded in the vicinity of 30 “perm”, in 19 cases it was not possible to detect portages. Exceptions to the rule are fixed in the southeastern periphery of the studied area, in villages and villages named Permyaki and Perminov, which are nominated by origin or by the surname of the first settlers. In ancient times, the most important transit and transport interchanges were carefully fixed on the ground by Perm toponyms and hydronyms, which is why the areas of concentration of the most important transport routes (Perm and Permtsa) attracted special attention of the Novgorod and later Moscow authorities as nodes of strength in the colonized territory.
CRYPTOGRAPHY ON THE STEEL HIGHWAYS: INTERCEPTION OF REPORTS, DECRYPTION AND PROTECTION OF INFORMATION IN THE ACTIVITIES OF RAILWAY GENDARMES
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Kolpakov P. A.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the activities of the gendarmerie railway police in the Russian Empire during the peri-od from the last decade of the 19th century to the February Revolution, focusing on their efforts to intercept anti-government correspondence and enemy reports, decrypt them, and protect information about the transportation of military goods. The author uses extensive previously unpublished records from the gendarmerie police de-partments of the railways to analyze examples of secret writing (cryptograms) used by revolutionaries. The dis-advantages of the ciphers used include a logical connection between letters in the source text and positions in conditional alphabets, as well as a specific arrangement of letters that ensures that only one position of the condi-tional alphabet can correspond to each encrypted value. Militant groups of political radicals actively tried to re-cruit railway employees, especially telegraph operators, to cooperate in order to receive and transmit information about the passage of trains with valuable cargo. This information was crucial for planning and implementing expropriation actions. During the First World War, the critical importance of communication increased the im-portance of cryptography and cryptanalysis. To encrypt messages about the state of Russian railways, the enemy used an extensive arsenal of techniques, such as replacing keywords in texts by established methods; using ci-pherbooks containing various code combinations, and a combination of values replacement and rearrangement according to the developed matrices. The war gave an impetus to the development of cryptography, as ciphers became more complicated for cryptanalysts to decipher. The concealment of the contents of spy reports was en-sured not only through the transformation of texts but also through sophisticated methods of packaging infor-mation carriers in luggage, among food products, and the use of special ink. In charge of decryption, the railway gendarmes largely depended on the special department of the Police Department of the Ministry of Internal Af-fairs and the Ministry of War. These agencies provided the necessary keys. In turn, the railway gendarmerie gained valuable experience in intercepting letters containing secrets when they were transported by rail.
SAVING THE CRIMEAN ROMANOVS: THE PERSONAL CHOICE OF THE SAILOR ZADOROZHNY
Authors:   St. Petersburg University, Karushkina N. V.
Published: October 2024

The article is dedicated to the personality of the Black Sea Fleet sailor Philip Zadorozhny. For five months in 1917–1918, he served as a head of the security team for members of the former royal family residing in Cri-mea during that time. These included the mother of Nicholas II, Maria Fedorovna, the sisters of the abdicated Tsar, Ksenia and Olga, and the Grand Dukes Nikolai Nikolaevich and Alexander Michailovich. Zadorozhny’s legendary role in saving the “Crimean Romanovs” from robberies and executions is well-documented, but until now there has been no detailed biographical information available about him. The author has discovered archival materials related to Zadorozhny, on the basis of which his participation in revolutionary events was reconstruct-ed. It was established that, in May 1917, sailor Zadorozhny was a member of the Black Sea Fleet delegation sent to the Baltic fleet and ground units of the Russian army to agitate for the continuation of the war until a victori-ous conclusion. Subsequently, Zadorozhny was twice elected as a delegate to the Sevastopol Soviet from the Socialist Revolutionary Party, and he served as a member of the commission for the protection of the fortress, fleet, and city. On November 30, 1917, Zadorozhny was sent to the southern coast of Crimea to lead the security team for the Romanov family. His close ties with the Alupka Soviet, among other things, helped him protect high-ranking prisoners from anarchist members of the Yalta Soviet. Through the personal initiative of sailor Za-dorozhny, part of the former imperial family concentrated in Crimea managed to escape and go into exile a year later.
MACHINE LEARNING OBSTACLES IN THE USSR IN THE 1960S: UNIVERSITY SCIENCE BETWEEN TRANSFER AND COORDINATION
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Zimirev M. O. ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the history of coordination of university research and development in the Soviet Un-ion in the 1960s, focusing on the case study of the development and implementation of machine pedagogy at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute. The coordination of the work of designers of teaching machines and theo-rists of machine pedagogy was led by the section of teaching automata of the Scientific Council for the Complex Problem of “Cybernetics” at the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. This section united univer-sity scientists, design students, and academic psychologists to create a network that was highly sensitive to scal-ing technology, making it stand out against the background of programmed learning enthusiasts. The article highlights the history of technology transfer and examines the complications that arose during its uncritical adap-tation to the realities of Soviet higher polytechnic education. The university laboratories of MEI, MSU and LSU undertook a project to create learning machines and develop a psychological and pedagogical justification for their use in higher education. Cybernetically oriented Soviet psychologists, such as N. I. Zhinkin and L. N. Lan-da, preferred the American approach, hiding its neo-behaviorist basis behind the cybernetic terminology, which provoked resistance from psychologist A. N. Leontiev. He connected the pedagogical psychologists N. Ya. Galperin and N. F. Talyzina from MSU to the project. Based on the results of the experiment on introducing ma-chines into the education process at MEI, the emphasis was placed on further algorithmization of testing meth-ods. Galperin and Talyzina objected to this decision and left the project. The inability of network participants to reach consensus demonstrates the defects in scientific and technical coordination under Late Socialism and is one of the reasons why machines for programmed learning did not develop in the USSR.
Cybersecurity Maturity of Turkey: An Assessment with ENISA’s National Capabilities Assessment Framework (NCAF)
Authors: Çifci Hasan
Published: October 2024

In this study, Turkey's cybersecurity maturity level was assessed using the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity's (ENISA) National Capabilities Assessment Framework (NCAF). The results of other global cybersecurity indices for Turkey were also given to support the NCAF assessment. Additionally, Turkey’s organizations, legal framework, public and private sector, academic landscape, incident response capabilities and military capabilities were presented through an extensive literature review. In this respect, this is the most up-to-date cybersecurity capability analysis of Turkey in English. According to the findings from NCAF assessment, Turkey has high level of cybersecurity maturity level while there are various areas that need improvement, including supply chain security, contingency strategies, education and training, security and trustworthiness of digital identity and public digital services. The methodology and findings of this study can serve as a reference for researchers to measure the cybersecurity levels of other countries.
Neue Empfehlungen zur Lungenfunktionsprüfung
Authors: Kotschy-Lang Nicola
Published: October 2024

New recommendations for pulmonary function testing – practical relevance for occupational medicine The latest German recommendations on pulmonary function diagnostics date back to 2015, when the guideline on spirometry was published. In 2022, an official document was published by the European Respiratory Society (ERS) in collaboration with the American Thoracic Society (ATS), in which new interpretations of routine lung function tests were presented. This affects spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion capacity, the bronchodilation test and the reference values. The previous German recommendations for pulmonary function were therefore revised and published in March 2024. The German Respiratory Society (DGP), the German Lung Foundation, the German Respiratory League and the German Society for Occupational and Environmental Medicine (DGAUM) were involved in the revision of the recommendations under the leadership of Prof. Criée.
COVID-19 quer durch die Berufsgruppen – Infektions-, Krankenhausaufenthalts- und ICU-Muster in einem schwedischen Bezirk
Authors:   Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege, Abteilung Arbeitsmedizin, Gefahrstoffe und Gesundheitswissenschaften (AGG), Hamburg, Nienhaus Albert
Published: October 2024

COVID-19 Across Professions – Infection, Hospitalisation, and ICU Patterns in a Swedish County The study, which will be published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine and which has already been pre-published online in May 2024, is one of the few research projects on the links between COVID-19 and occupational activity that analysed data from all three waves of the pandemic and was able to draw on a particularly large data set (data from 22,000 people). Based on this data, the study determined the number of all positive infection reports, hospitalisations and intensive care unit admissions as well as deaths caused by COVID-19 for relevant occupational groups. Healthcare workers and other professions with frequent/close human contact had a significantly higher number of confirmed COVID-19 infections and a higher risk of hospitalisation than other occupational groups, especially in the first wave of the pandemic, even if this trend gradually weakened with each subsequent wave of the pandemic. Based on this finding, the authors of the study conclude that effective preventive protective measures should be implemented immediately at the beginning of a future pandemic wave for the groups of people and professions particularly affected by frequent and close occupational contact with people. The study’s analysis of data from a longer period of time makes it possible to better recognise changes in infection patterns over time. Keywords: COVID-19 – occupational activity – infection reports – hospitalisations admissions – deaths
Anwendung der Arbeitsstättenregel Lärm in der Praxis am Beispiel Büro
Authors:   VBG – Ihre gesetzliche ­Unfallversicherung, Ludwigsburg, Stephan Andreas
Published: October 2024

Application of the workplace noise regulations in ­practice using the example of the office „Musik wird oft nicht schön gefunden, weil sie stets mit Geräusch verbunden“, as Wilhelm Busch wrote over 100 years ago. And as with music, opinions differ on many other sounds too. This is often referred to as “noise”, although this does not always have to be damaging to hearing. Noise can also have physiological, psychological and social effects on people. These cases are referred to as extraaural noise effects. People at work must also be protected from these noise effects.
On the issue of implementing algorithms for designing secure transmission networks
Authors:   Siberian state university of telecommunications and information science, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, Popkov Gleb V.
Published: October 2024

Existing approaches to the design of secure data transmission networks (DRN) are often based on guidelines for the design of communication networks in a broad sense, at the moment there are no clear regulations for the design of communication networks in a secure version from the point of view of information security. In the process of advanced design of the SPDS, problems arise in finding effective solutions for the construction of such communication networks and ensuring the information security of the SPDS in terms of information security tools (SIS) in given areas determined by information security measurements, such as the availability, accessibility, secrecy of information circulating in the SPDS. The article proposes algorithms based on the parameters of non-stationary hyper-network models, which make it possible to implement the analysis and synthesis of ZSPD, as well as take into account the initial data on the intended users, services/applications implemented on ZSPD under conditions of external destructive effects (VDV).
Recognition of phishing links using machine learning methods
Authors:   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Russian Federation, Lukmanova Karina A. , Kartak Vadim M. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

In recent years, phishing has become one of the most widespread and dangerous cyber threats. These attacks aim to obtain users' confidential information, such as passwords and credit card details, through deceptive messages or websites, making the issue of protection against them more relevant than ever. Traditional methods of phishing protection, such as blacklists and heuristic analysis, can no longer keep up with the evolving pace of phishing attacks. Therefore, there is a need to develop more advanced and intelligent methods, among which machine learning (ML) techniques play a significant role. This article discusses various ML methods used for automatic detection of phishing URLs. The study presents the main approaches, model architectures, advantages and disadvantages of each method, and provides a comparative analysis of their effectiveness on real data.
Path planning for mobile objects based on modification of the probabilistic roadmap method
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Truc Tran Van , Korikov Anatoly M. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: October 2024

The article formalizes the task of planning the trajectory of movement of mobile objects, and the minimum length of the trajectory is chosen as a criterion for the optimality of movement. When solving the problem, preference is given to the method of probabilistic route networks and modifications of this method are proposed. The study of the effectiveness of modified algorithms of probabilistic route networks is carried out using examples of solving the problem of automation and optimization of planning the trajectory of a mobile object in an external environment with restrictions on the size of the object. The developed software of the modified algorithms is illustrated by program listings and trajectories of movement of mobile objects.