bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Carbon Fiber Composite Circular Tube
Authors: Fu Lei , Tao Guo Quan , Huang Yu Ni , Wu Zhe
Published: February 2011

In this paper, A 3-D numerical model of a circular tube is established, which is made of carbon fiber composite materials whose inner diameter is 43mm and outer diameter is 45mm. The behaviour of axial compression and bending load cases are analyzed under the theory of mechanics of materials and theory of classical laminate plate. Results of axial compressive stiffness and bending stiffness agree well with the experimental data,showing that the FEM simulation used in this paper is an efficient and reliable tool to calculate and predict the behaviour of carbon fiber tube.
Wood-Polymer Composite Prepared by Combined Two-Step Method and its Dimensional Stability
Authors: Li Yong Feng , Gao Jia Li , Li Feng , Gong Ding Wang , Liu Yi Xing
Published: February 2011

Wood-polymer composite was prepared by a novel combined two-step method with maleic anhydride (MAN) for the first treatment, and mixed monomers of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)/ methyl methacrylate (MMA) (1:5 of molar ratio) for the second treatment. SEM and FTIR technologies were employed to characterize the interfacial compatibility between resultant polymer and wood matrix, and the dimensional stability of the resultant wood-polymer composite was also tested. The results indicated that polymers fully filled up wood cell lumina and chemically bonded to wood cell wall, resulting in the improvement of interfacial compatibility between polymer and wood matrix without obvious lacunae. The dimensional stability of poplar wood was significantly improved after the combined two-step treatment, and became more stable than that of PEG-1000 treated Poplar Wood.
Influence of Hydrothermal Environment on the Composite Laminate Plate with a Hole
Authors: Li Lei , Wang Pei Yan , Wang Yi , Guan Xin , Yue Zhu Feng
Published: February 2011

In this paper, the influence of hydrothermal environment on the composite laminate plate with a hole is studied by experiment method. The test setup is design for prevent the bucking of the plate specimen, which is composed two main parts. The slide part limits the movement of the specimen along the load direction. Three types of ply stack composite laminate plate are tested. Results show that the strength of all the type of laminate plate in the hydrothermal environment reduces on the contrast to the room temperature and dry environment. But the reduction relatives the ply stack of laminate plate. [45/0/-45/90]2S plate reduces smallest. [45/0/02/45/90/-45/0/45/902/-45/0]S plate reduces most.
Study on Thermal Physical and Chemical Properties of Sodium Pyroxenite in Baiyunebo Iron Ore
Authors: Wang Yue Cong , Wang Yi Ci , Luo Guo Ping , Zhang Guang Jie , Lu Qian Bing
Published: February 2011

A typical kind of silicate gangue — sodium pyroxenite (mainly containing NaFeSi2O6) in Baiyunebo iron ore is selected as the research object in this paper. The endothermic peak and the change of quality is definited by means of thermal analysis (DSC and TG) in the rising process. And then the samples are sintered at the peak temperatures. The main ingredients of sodium pyroxenite and the resultants are definited by means of X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The experiment ascertains the change law of physical and chemical properties of sodium pyroxenite such as thermal decomposition, softening, melting temperatures and the corresponding resultants, which provides basic data for exploring the formation mechanism of complex calcium ferrite (SFCA) in baogang special sintered ore.
In-Plane Anisotropic Mechanical Properties of Three-Dimensional Angle-Interlock Architectural Composites
Authors: Yang Cai Yun , Liu Yong
Published: February 2011

An investigation is reported in which four three-dimensional angle-interlock architectural fabrics were designed and woven. Composite panels were manufactured by impregnating the fabrics with resin.The related experiments included tension, compression and bending. All those tests were performed to measure the Young's moduli and strengths in the 0°(warp direction), 30°, 45°, 60°, 90° (weft direction). The experimental methods, preforms parameters were also described in this paper. The results show that, mechanical properties of four three-dimensional angle-interlock architectural composites behaved in-plane anisotropic , two peak values along the warp and weft direction respectively appeared in any one graph , and the yarn-stuffer played a key role in determining mechanical properties of three-dimensional angle-interlock architectural composites, especially contributed intensifier in corresponding direction obviously.
Effects of Impact Angles on Erosion-Abrasion Properties of Hypereutectic Al-Mn Alloy Matrix Composite Reinforced with Al2O3 Particulates
Authors: Liu Bing , Li Xin Mei , Liu Xiang , Wang Chun Yao
Published: February 2011

Effects of different impact angles such as 45°and 90°on the erosion-abrasion properties of hypereutectic Al-Mn alloy and its composites reinforced with Al2O3 particulates were studied by rotating erosion-abrasion test, and the microstructure and the worn surfaces were analyzed. The results show that the as-cast Al-Mn alloy is composed of aluminium-manganese solid solution, MnAl6 and Al11Mn4 phase, while the δ-Al2O3 particles are included in the composites besides the aforementioned microstructures. With elongating the erosion time, the wear rates of the Al-Mn alloy and its composites increase at the impact angle of 90°, whereas they firstly increase and then decrease , and there is a maximum at 45°. The distortion wear caused by the normal stress is dominant at 90°, which lead to the erosion pits on the worn surface. However, the cutting wear by the shear stress is predominant at 45°, which result in the ploughs.
Seismic Damage Analysis on Water Supply System in Wenchuan Earthquake
Authors: Yang Dan , Guo En Dong , Wang Qiong
Published: February 2011

In order to understand the seismic performance and functional failure feature of water supply system, the seismic damage phenomena, damage feature and degree of several kinds of water supply pipeline under different earthquake intensities are investigated based on the post earthquake survey data of water supply system in over 20 cities and counties.
A Comparative Study on Seismic Reinforcement Test of Beijing Rural Brick Building
Authors: Yang Wei , Wang Man Sheng , Zhu Er Yu , Cheng Yu
Published: February 2011

In terms of the characteristics of Beijing masonry Structure, the quasi-static test is performed to the rural single-storey brick structure in the study. There are four sets of test specimens discussed in the paper. The first and second specimens are the unreinforced wall with different mortar strength and used for reference purpose, the others are the specimens which are strengthened by using steel mesh mortar and reinforced concrete columns with ring beam respectively. The testing phenomena of all specimens are compared in the paper. Meanwhile, the three parameters of lateral load resistance，hysteretic curve and deformability capacity are concerned in comparison process. Moreover, the mechanism of resistance and energy dissipation capacity of both reinforcement methods are analyzed in the study, and then the steel mesh mortar will be a proper method to use in the Beijing rural brick building seismic reinforcement. The systematic analysis in the paper provides theory basis on the seismic reinforcement in the Beijing rural reconstruction.
Collision Analysis of Protection Frame for Height Limit and Over-High Trucks
Authors: Wang Jin Tian , Qu Shu Ying , Hou Xing Min , Ju Ao Tian
Published: February 2011

Collisions between over-high trucks and protection frame for height limit happen frequently, which seriously destroyed the railway infrastructure and affected the road traffic safety. Based on nonlinear software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, the collision process of over-high trucks and protection frame is simulated, and the failure mechanism of protection frame is analyzed respectively from deformation, stress, load etc. Load analysis results indicate that the maximum impact force is approximately direct proportional to the initial velocity, which can be used for choosing the collision load in the design. Stress analysis results indicate that the maximum stress usually occurs in the protection frame crossbar and joint area. Adding the diagonal bracing or increasing the crossbar thickness are the effective methods to improve the impact resistance capability of the protection frame.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Construction System on Steel Structure Housing
Authors: Xu Xiao Hong
Published: February 2011

Based on the reasonable selection and use of frame system and frame- supporting system in steel structure housing in multi-story or high-rise steel structure housing, frame system and frame- supporting system are being made mode analysis, calculated and contrastive analyzed by means of the three dimensional analysis software (ETABS) in this paper. Some quantitative evaluation standards are obtained for two steel structure systems and it provides some references for practical engineering.
Applying Ultrasonic Testing to Detect Hole Defect Near the Surface
Authors: Chang Ming Kuen , Sun Hua Sui , Ciou Jyun Cang
Published: February 2011

During materials manufacturing process will cause defects occasionally, if the defects located at near surface of material where the testing is not easy to implement. When the defects was stress by outside loading, it will grow up even become fracture, if the material apply ultrasonic testing then can increase material security to ensure structural safety. Practice material defect shape is variable and need complex product procedure. In this study, using wire cutting method to make practice defects specimen instead of the real flaws material, the specimen was made of medium carbon steel and aluminum alloy, defects away from the surface is 2-4 mm, defect shape including round shape hole and square shape hole, bore diameter was 1-3 mm. Using ultrasonic straight beam probe and delay line probe, straight beam probe have 5 MHz and 10 MHz frequency, and delay line probe have 5 MHz, 10 MHz frequency too, finally, compared the relationship between the accuracy and depth of flaws, pore size, flaw shape, material of specimen. Research results demonstrate that accuracy didn’t relate to the flaw shape, flaw size, depth of flaws and material of specimen. The accurately of 10 MHz delayed probe shown the depth of flaw smaller, the measurement than other probes.
The Physical and Chemical Properties of Fly Ash fom Municipal Solid Wastes Incineration
Authors: Jin Man Tong , Huang Cai Ju , Jin Zan Fang
Published: February 2011

Fly ash from the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) which contains a small amount of heavy metals becomes a threat to human health and other living organisms once emitted into the environment, and has to be treated before disposal. This study focuses on the characteristics of the MSWI fly ash, which involve mineral composing, granularity distributing, specific surface area, pore diameter and pore volume of fly ash, leaching toxicity and chemical species of heavy metals. The experiment results confirm that the fly ashes are mainly composed of sylvite, halite, portlandite and calcium sulfate hydrate, with the the average particle diameter of 15.082 μm and the specific surface area of 4.290 m2/g, and the heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, Cr in the MSWI fly ash are mobile except Hg. This research provides critical information for appropriate MSWI fly ash treatment technology.
Thermodynamics of Slag Formation in Multi-Component Oxide Systems in Thermal Processing of Incineration Bottom Ash - Equilibrium Phase Relation in CaO-SiO2-FeOx-MgO System
Authors: Wang Nan , Zou Zong Shu , Zhang Zhan , Xiao Yan Ping , Yang Yong Xiang
Published: February 2011

Vitrification is considered as an attractive procedure for municipal solid waste incineration ash, which can realize the volume reduction and innocent treatment of incineration ash, as well as reuse of bottom ash. The main oxide components of molten ash slag are CaO, Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, MgO, and Na2O, accounting for more than 90% of the total mass. The phase relations and thermodynamic properties of the CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-FeOx-MgO-Na2O oxide system is highly required, and is of great significance for optimization of vitrification processing and sustainable resource utilization of melting slag. A study on the equilibria phase relations of CaO-SiO2-MgO-FeOx system was done by applying CALPHAD based on FactSage in this paper. The modeling parameters for the thermodynamic properties of liquid phase in CaO-SiO2-MgO-FeOx system were established and the equilibrium phase relations of MgO-SiO2-FeOx and CaO-SiO2-FeOx-MgO systems were calculated for different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures.
α/β Phase Transformation in Porous Reaction-Bonded Silicon Nitride Ceramics
Authors: Xu Jie , Wang Jun Bo , Cui Wei Hua , Su Xiao Lei , Zhou Wan Cheng
Published: February 2011

Porous reaction-bonded silicon nitride ceramics with different values of α/β ratio were obtained by setting the nitriding temperature and time. The influence of α/β phase transformation on the dielectric properties of porous silicon nitride ceramics has been investigated. The results show that the α/β transformation occurs when the nitriding temperature is higher than 1400°C . The values of α/β ratio decrease with increase of nitriding temperature and time. The dielectric constant ε′ and the dielectric loss tan δ of the samples increase because of the α/β transformation, and the change of the dielectric loss is more obvious. The increase of concentrations of point defects due to the α/β transformation leads to the significant increase of the dielectric loss.
Study on the Durable Factors of the Grain Size in 18CrNiMo7-6 by Heating and Cooling Method
Authors: Liu Jin Xin , He Zhi Jun , Wang Lian Hai , Feng Gui Ping , Zhang Zheng Jun , Qiu Li Peng
Published: February 2011

Study researches durable factors of the grain size in 18CrNiMo7-6 by heating and cooling method. Results show that alloying elements Nb and Al have a strong pining effect on the grain boundaries, Al/N ratio between 2.0-2.5 can promote the grain not to grow up for a long time, and refine grains significantly with furnace heating and after carburizing-quenching once, and can inhibit the abnormal growth of individual grains.
Effect of Aging Treatment on Microstructure and Wear Behaviour of a Nickel Based Hardfaced Coating
Authors: Kesavan D. , Muthuswamy Kamaraj
Published: February 2011

The nickel based Colmonoy 5 alloy powder was deposited on 316 L (N) austenitic stainless steel substrate. In order to examine the effects of aging treatment on the wear behavior of a nickel based hardfacing alloy, the as-deposited coating was aged at 580°C for 5000h in ambient atmosphere. Coating microstructures were characterised by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Sliding tests were conducted under self mated condition at room temperature and 550°C using a pin-on disc type apparatus. The wear loss of the aged coating was found to be higher than that of the as deposited coating. The coarse grained structure with carbide (Cr23C6) precipitation in the aged coating would account for the higher sliding wear loss. However, the aged coating, with reduced hardness exhibits similar wear behavior of as deposited coating during sliding at 550°C.
Dependence of Film Thickness on Properties of Al Doped ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Yang Ying Ge , Zeng Dong Mei , Zhou Hai , Feng Wen Ran , Lu Shan , Feng Wei Bin
Published: February 2011

In this study high quality of Al doped ZnO (ZAO) thin films were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering on glass substrates at room temperature in order to study the thickness effect upon their structure, electrical and optical properties. XRD results show that the films are polycrystalline and with strongly preferred (002) orientation perpendicular to substrate surface whatever the thickness is. The crystallite size was calculated by Williamson-Hall method, while it increases as the film thickness increased. The lattice stress is mainly caused by the growth process. Hall measurements revealed electrical parameter very dependent upon thickness when the thickness of ZAO film is lower than 700 nm. The resistivity decreased and the carrier concentration and Hall mobility increases as the film thickness increased. When film thickness becomes larger, only a little change in the above properties was observed. All the films have high transmittance above 90% in visible range. Red shift of the absorption edge was observed as thickness increased. The optical energy bandgap decreased from 3.41eV to 3.30 eV with the increase of film thickness.
Preparation of C60 Thin Film and Investigation of its Optical Properties
Authors: Yang Xue Liang , Deng Jin Xiang , Li Ting , Qin Yang , Kong Le
Published: February 2011

C60 thin films were deposited on Si substrates at different evaporation temperatures using the thermal evaporation method. In this paper, an extensive study of morphology and crystallinity of the films was presented by atomic force microscopy (AFM), low angle X-ray diffraction (LA-XRD) and UV-vis spectrophotometer. It is found that a good crystalline quality along a (333) preferred orientation was observed at the 450°C evaporation temperature and an ordered sequence of fcc structure was evaluated. The 2.24eV optical energy bandgag of C60 thin film corresponding to hu→ t1u transition between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels was also extracted.
Aluminizing Mechanism and Corrosion Resistance of Pipeline Steel X80 by Combined Pack Cementation Process under Low Temperature
Authors: Huang Min , Wang Yu , Lv Xiang Hong
Published: February 2011

In order to improve the corrosion resistance of pipeline steel X80 and maintain its good mechanical properties simultaneously, a low-temperature pack aluminizing process was carried out at 723 K on pipeline steel X80 after a surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). The phase composition, microstructure and element distribution of the as-aluminized pipeline steel X80 were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS, respectively.The results show that the as-received aluminide layer consists of Fe2Al5, which exhibits a good cohesion with SMATed pipeline steel X80 substrate with the thickness of around 90 μm. The element concentrations of Al and Fe atoms show a gradual change in the range of aluminide layer. After corrosion test processed in 3.5% NaCl solution, there is no obvious corrosion crack or uphills piled up by corrosion products on the surface of as-aluminized SMATed pipeline steel, which can conclude that pack aluminizing assisting by SMAT at low-temperature is an effective way for protecting pipeline steel X80 against corrosion.
Preparation and Dielectric Measurement of Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 Ferroelectric Films
Authors: Yu Da Shu , Zhang Chao , Wei Zhi Kui , Wang Ying , Chi Yuan Yuan
Published: February 2011

This paper reported an improved PZT95/5 sol-gel preparation method, which with separated lead acetate trihydrate, zirconium nitrate, and titanium butoxide precursor-monomer. The PZT95/5 sol-gel precursor was prepared by these three stable-separated precursor-monomers and some chelating agents. It was deposited onto Si substrate by spin-coating. Researches were carried out on the film structure and dielectric properties associated with water content, sol-gel precursor content and processing techniques. After the precursor solution prepared successfully, a very large dielectric constant, strong stability and fine relaxation of PZT95/5 ferroelectric-films were obtained, whose dielectric constant was 449 at room temperature and changed flatly before 180°C . The peculiar permittivity reached 3446 occurred at the curie temperature (240°C ). The εr-T plots with different frequencies conformed to the material properties of relaxor ferroelectrics, and also the sample had longer relaxation time confirmed by Cole-Cole plots.
Effect of Sulfuric Acid /Sodium Hydroxide /Sodium Chloride on Properties of Polyurea
Authors: Lv Ping , Li Xin Mao , Huang Wei Bo
Published: February 2011

This paper mainly studies the glossnesschange、mechanical properties change and hardness change of polyurea coatings during the immersing experiment. The result of the glossness experiment shows that Qtech-116 polyurea sample glossness declining rate were 18.33%, 3.69% and 0.83% after immersed in 5％H2SO4、5％NaOH and 3.5％NaCl for 60d.The mechanical properties results shows that the tensile strengt decrease rate were 16.30%、2.69% and 2.28% after immersed in 5％H2SO4、5％NaOH and 3.5％NaCl for 60d. Qtech-116 polyurea sample hardness showns declined 0.83%、no change and increased 35.81% respectively after immersed in 5％H2SO4、5％NaOH and 3.5％NaCl for 60d.
Effect of a Thin Cr Layer on the Microstructures and Fracture Behaviours of Copper Films
Authors: Sun Hao Liang , Song Zhong Xiao , Ma Fei , Xu Ke Wei
Published: February 2011

An investigation on Cu/Cr/Si composite thin films demonstrated that a thin Cr layer affects the microstructures and mechanical behavior of Cu films significantly. The fracture modes changes from brittle fracture to ductile rupture, as indicated by the dimpled rupture of Cu films. Moreover, the Cr sticking layer can result in carrot-shaped rods and a fine grain size. Further analysis indicates their deformation and fracture processes are closely related to the coupling of dislocation-mediated plasticity as well as the formation and growth of voids which act as sites for nucleation of the dimples.
Evaluation of The Wool Fiber Surface Modified by Chlorine and Pilling Propensity of Single Jersey
Authors: Wan Ai Lan , Yu Weidong
Published: February 2011

The properties of wool fibers treated with chlorine (Basolan® 88 and Kroy-resin) were compared with surface modification observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), frictional properties and mechanical properties. The changes in surface morphology, frictional and physical properties of the single wool fibers are presented. Coating resin on the chlorinated wool fibers results in a significant reduction in the fiber coefficient of friction[1], as the resin smoothes the protruding edges of the fiber scales. However it increases the directional friction effect (DFE) of the fibers. It is postulated that the DFE may limit the ability of those surface fibers to form fuzz and hairiness of spun yarn could reach the critical height required for pill formation. Meanwhile, the fiber tensile strength may be attributed to pills pulling-off during pills formation, indicating a slowing rate of fuzz formation and consequently pill formation.
The Effect of Reinforcement Structure on the Modal Parameters for Sandwich Structure Composite Plate
Authors: Zhang Guo Li , Wang Ya Nan , Li Jia Lu , Chen Guang Wei , Chen Li , Wang Fu You
Published: February 2011

In order to investigate the effect of different reinforcement structure on the dynamic characteristics of sandwich structure composite plates used for manufacturing the high speed reciprocating motion composite components, four kinds of paulownia wood sandwich composite test specimens with dimensions of 350×83.5×9.5mm was designed and made by hand lay-up performing and press molding technology. The woven and 2D braiding fabric prepreg were both selected as top face and inner face materials , respectively, and the carbon fiber woven fabric prepreg was chosen as inner part materials. According to the impulse response modal test method, a modal test system was established. It was found that this kind of sandwich structure composite plate has bigger natural frequency value, it’s minimum natural frequency was about 609.77Hz that could meet the requirement for high speed reciprocating motion parts. The dynamic test results shown that the natural frequency of F2BAF-IUC-CPW sample is higher t about 11.17% at least, selecting 2D integral braiding pipe fabric as top face and inner face reinforced materials could effectively improve the dynamic properties of sandwich composite rectangular plates. The modal experiments indicated that the modal shapes of sandwich composite plate specimen with four kind reinforcement structures were identical, it’s 1st modal shape, 2nd modal shape and 3rd modal shape presented torsional vibration shape, flexural vibration shape and torsional flexural vibration shape, separately, the modal shapes of sandwich composite plate specimen were not obviously affected by reinforcement structure.
The Detection of Different Physical Properties of Laser-Damaged HfO2 Film on SiO2 Substrate by Scanning Probe Acoustic Microscope
Authors: Yao Wen Gang , Cheng Qian
Published: February 2011

Different physical properties of laser-damaged HfO2 film on SiO2 substrate were detected by scanning probe acoustic microscope. Surface topographies of SPM showed that the depth of laser-damaged hole on the HfO2 film was close to the thickness of film, while the phase images in probe-vibration mode of SPAM showed that the hydrophilicity of damaged area of HfO2 film was higher than undamaged area which led to stronger absorption to water vapor in air. Some scratches on SiO2 substrate surface under HfO2 film was found in the acoustic images in sample-vibration mode of SPAM.
Fabrication of CaWO4:Eu3+ Thin Films via Electrochemical Methods Assisted by a Novel Post Treatment
Authors: Chen Lian Ping , Gao Yuan Hong , Yuan Jian Xiong , Zhang Qing Hua , Yin Yan Hong , Wang Chun Xiang
Published: February 2011

It is hardly possible to obtain rare earth doped CaWO4 thin films directly through electrochemical techniques. A novel post processing has been proposed to synthesize CaWO4:Eu3+ thin films at room temperature. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, spectrophotometer were used to characterize their phase, composition and luminescent properties. Results reveal that Eu3+-doped CaWO4 films have a tetragonal phase; the content of Eu in the near surface region is much higher than that of the bulk; under the excitation of 310 nm, a sharp emission peak at 616 nm has been observed for Ca0.9WO4:Eu0.13+ thin films.
Theoretical Analysis of Thin Film Oxide as Insulator of Planar Micro-Coils
Authors: Yunas Jumril , Hamzah Azrul Azlan , Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis
Published: February 2011

In this paper, a theoretical analysis of thin film oxide resulted from lumped element model analysis using ASITIC simulation tool is presented. The study is aimed to investigate the effect of the oxide thickness on the electrical characteristics of planar micro-coils. Some important device parameters, such as parasitic capacitances and resistances caused by oxide and substrate layer, and quality factor of the planar coil, as well as the characteristic of the magnetic field coupled between the coils are analyzed in wide range of operating frequency. The simulation results show that there is significant influence of the oxide thickness to the device characteristics. It is shown that by increasing the thickness of the oxide layer on the substrate, a high Q-factor of 5 can be obtained, while the magnetic coupling is improved when the thickness of the oxide layer residing between metal layers is reduced.
Research on the Oil-Gas Permeability of Mixed Hollow Fiber Membrane Made by PTFE and PHFP
Authors: Chen Wei Gen , Hao Mai
Published: February 2011

Power transformer on-line monitoring on dissolved gas in oil is one of the effective and technical means to achieve the transformer state detection and fault diagnosis, and oil-gas permeability is one of the core technologies to implement transformer on-line monitoring. The traditional methods of oil-gas separation such as vacuum method and mechanical oscillation method were unable to satisfy the requirements of transformer on-line monitoring; and the methods which were used commonly in recent years, like dynamic headspace separation, corrugated tube, carrier gas elution etc, have a high rate of gas-separation and have already been used in some on-line monitoring products. However, the problems still exist: easy formation of oil pollution, so the oil can not be recycled and the device structure is relatively complex. This paper based on the separation principle of polymer membrane, proposes mixed hollow fiber membrane made by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyhexafluoropropylene (PHFP), and designs an oil-gas separation test platform formed by the storage tank, oil-gas permeability tank, temperature controller and gas chromatographic analyzer etc, does laboratory research on the oil-gas permeability of the mixed hollow fiber membrane at different temperatures. The results show that, the permeability of the mixed hollow fiber membrane is obviously better than the commonly used single fluoride film or rubber film, seven fault gases H2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4, and C2H2 can be separated efficiently form transformer oil within 24 hours. More to the point, the equilibrium time is short, the gas permeability is high and the test platform structure is simple, all of these advantages provide a strong guarantee for the development of on-line monitoring technology on dissolved gas in transformer oil.
Effect of Heat Imput on Microstructure and Toughness of High Strength Bridge Steel
Authors: Jia Kun Ning
Published: February 2011

The coarse grain heat affected zone(CGHAZ) at different parameters t8/5 of high-strength bridge steel Q460q were simulated with thermal simulation machine. the microstructure of CGHAZ and the effect of granular bainite on the toughness were analyzed in this paper.The results show that: When t8/5<60s, lath bainite and granular bainite intertwine, and the quantity of strip M-A constituents in granular bainite decreased, so toughness is higher.When t8/5>60s, the quantity of eutectoid ferrite and granular bainite increased, coarse M-A constituent resulting in the grain size of effective crack propagation becoming coarser and toughness decreased significantly.
The Comparison of Electrolysis Manganese Craft on Stainless Steel and Titanium
Authors: Tan Jian Hong , Chen Hai Yan , Zhang Sheng Tao , Xiang Qing
Published: February 2011

In this paper, Potentiodynamic scans and Potentiostatic experiments are used to study manganese electro deposition on stainless steel and titanium substrates from simple chloride solutions with addition of ammonium chloride. The surface morphology and the crystal structure of manganese electrodeposits are analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction spectrometer (XRD), respectively. The comparison of electrolysis manganese craft on stainless steel and titanium, It is found that precipitation hydrogen is easier and the cell voltage is higher on stainless steel ,but there are more side reactions on titanium; The cubic crystal form manganese deposite on stainless steel and titanium, but the higher pure degree manganese can be obtained on stainless steel, the depositions on the titanium are imply impurity.
Behaviours of Zinc and Lead in Blast Furnace of Baotou Iron and Steel Group Co.
Authors: Zhang Fang , An Sheng Li , Luo Guo Ping , Zhang Shi Zhong
Published: February 2011

The balance calculation of zinc and lead of No.1 BF of Baotou Iron and Steel Group Co. was performed in this research. The particle sizes of BF dusts were measured by LS230 laser particle size analyzer. The micrology of sinter and dusts were investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Hitachi S-3000) coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The results show that the general burdens of zinc and lead in No. 1 mainly came from sinter and pellet. The burdens of zinc and lead in No.1 BF were 645.45g/t and 370.33 g/t respectively, which were too much to need take some measures. Among the gas ash, the particle size of baghouse dust was minimal, but the contents of lead and zinc were highest. So the BF baghouse dust isn’t appropriate to recover as the sintering materials. The speciation of lead is PbO, PbCl3 and metallic Pb, but zinc never presents as metal in BF dusts.
The Effect of Hot-Rolled Coiling Time on the Texture of a New Cold-Rolled Non-Oriented Electric Steel
Authors: Hu Guan Qiao , Zeng Yan Ping , Chen Hai Lin
Published: February 2011

The effects of hot-rolling coiling time on texture of a new cold-rolled non-oriented electrical steel containing copper were investigated. The test results showed that the final product texture consists of γ-fibr textures, α-fibre textures and Goss. With adding coiling time ,the density of {111}<110> and {112}<110> decreased,the inverse Goss texture {001}<110> increased. The volume fraction of {100} raised with coiling time. As a certain coiling temperature, it can improve the intensity of textures {100},{110}at proper coiling time.
Facile Preparation of Nanoporous SnO2 for Application in Photodegradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Wang Hong Juan , Sun Feng Qiang , Ren Ming Zhong , Guo Qing Wei
Published: February 2011

Nanoporous SnO2 with high photocatalytic activity has been successfully prepared by a photochemical method, using SnCl2 aqueous solution as a precursor. The as-synthesized sample was characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption and UV-vis. The photocatalytic activity of the sample was evaluated by degrading methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution under the UV light source and was compared with that of the commercial titania (Degussa P25). The results showed that the produced SnO2 can degrade MB solution quickly and has comparative photocatalytic performance with P25 for degrading MB. This facile method supplies an effective way to prepare SnO2 photocatalyst.
Preparation of PS@SiO2, PS@TiO2，PS@TiO2/SiO2 Core-Shell Composites by a Spray Drying Process and Their Hollow Spheres after Removing PS Cores by Calcinations
Authors: Li Ling , Li Hong Liang , Zhu Ying Chun , Fu Ai Ping , Wan Yong , Zhao Xiu Song
Published: February 2011

Polystyrene (PS) spheres encapsulated core-shell composites of SiO2 or TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the spray drying technique and hollow spheres of SiO2 or TiO2 nanoparticles were then derived by removing the PS cores with calcinations. The PS spheres were dispersed into the SiO2 or TiO2 colloids, forming a suspension and then the suspensions were sprayed to form micrometer-sized droplets, as the droplets rush through the drying chamber, the PS spheres were encapsulated into the core of SiO2 or TiO2 particles due to the high temperatures and the instant evaporation, obtaining PS@SiO2, PS@TiO2 or PS@SiO2/TiO2 core-shell composites. After removing the PS core by calcination at 550°C, SiO2 or TiO2 hollow spheres were then derived. The influence of drying temperature, the concentration of the SiO2 or TiO2 particles and the ratio of PS sphere to the particles on the structures and specific surface area of the hollow spheres were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements.
Influence of Temperature for Synthesis of Carbon Nanofibers from the V-Type Pyrolysis Flame
Authors: Liu Yuan Chao , Sun Bao Min
Published: February 2011

Synthesis of carbon nanofibers from V-type pyrolysis flame is a novel method. It needs simple laboratory equipments and normal atmosphere pressure. The V-type pyrolysis flame experimental system is introduced. Carbon source is the carbon monoxide and heat source is from acetylene/air premixed flame. Pentacarbonyl iron is served as catalyst. The carbon nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. This study aims to examine temperature condition for carbon nanofibers formation in pyrolysis flame and to characterize its morphology and structure. The carbon nanofibers with less impurity were captured successfully in the V-type pyrolysis flame. The diameter of carbon nanofibers was approximate between 100nm and 200nm, and its length was dozens of microns. When the temperature was below 750°С , the growth of carbon nanofibers came into the preparation growth period. The length of the carbon nanofibers increased gradually and the diameter had no obvious change with the raising of temperature. When the temperature was above 750°C, the growth of carbon nanofibers came into the exuberant growth period. The growth of carbon nanofibers was finished when the temperature was above 820°С . Higher temperature was meaningless after the carbon nanofibers formation. The contrast experiments show that it is the most favorable to form carbon nanofibers when the temperature is from 750°С to 850°С .
The Lattice Change of Ni-P Layer Coated on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Li Wei Xue , Shi Gang , Dai Jian Feng , Wang Qing
Published: February 2011

The electroless deposition is an excellent method for the preparation of the CNTs with Ni-P layers. Pristine CNTs were ﬁrst oxygen-functionalized by treating them with a mixture of concentrated (HNO3 :H2SO4=1:3) acids. The SWNTs were obtained in the suspension of purification solution, In this work, the heat-treatment at 400°С transformed the amorphous Ni-P layer into the nanocrystalline Ni-P (crystalline Ni and Ni3P intermetallic compound) layer. The Ni-P-SWNTs before and after heat-treatment were studied using XRD and SAED. It is observed that the lattice parameters of Ni-P layers has difference from the bulk’s, indicting that the lattice change has taken place.
Microstructures and Textures During Annealing in Low Carbon Al-Killed Steels with Low Finishing Temperatures and High Coiling Temperatures
Authors: Wu Bao Cai , Shi Feng , Cheng Xin Yu , Lin Rui Min , Liu Chun Ming
Published: February 2011

Microstructures and textures after annealing at 680°C in low carbon Al-killed steels with low finishing temperature and high coiling temperature were investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). The results show that higher coiling temperature and lower finishing temperature can both cause the appearance of equiaxed grain and line cementite. The equiaxed grain in 2# steel with higher coiling temperature is the more obvious. Advantage textures are weak in the steels with higher coiling temperature and lower finishing temperature and volume fraction of {111}fiber in 2# steel with higher coiling temperature is only 7.17%, so the stamping property should be worse.
Hydrothermal Preparation and Formation Mechanism of ZnSn(OH)6 Cubic Aggregates and Zn2SnO4 Octahedra
Authors: Yang Li Xia , Liu Jia You , Zhang Pi Jian , Yang Ying Xia , Yin Ping , Jiang Xiang Peng , Qin Lai Fen , Tang Ying Ying
Published: February 2011

ZnSn(OH)6 hierarchical cubes and Zn2SnO4 octahedra have been synthesized through a rapid, template-free, one-pot hydrothermal approach using zinc acetate, tin chloride and sodium hydroxide. ZnSn(OH)6 aggregates with cubic morphology and uniform size distribution have been successfully synthesized via aggregation-mediated crystallization. Through adjusting the hydrothermal parameters, Zn2SnO4 octahedra were obtained at a higher temperature. The formation of Zn2SnO4 octahedra undergone a transformation from ZnSn(OH)6 cubes. The as-synthesized products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG).
Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Resin of Chitosan Cerium Encapsulated Green Tea Extract Microspheres
Authors: Yu Li Na , Wang Dong Feng , Yang Qing Li , Li Hai Yan , Liu Bing Jie , Xu Ying
Published: February 2011

The purpose of this paper is to investigate a new type of resin of chitosan cerium encapsulated green tea extract microspheres (RCCM-GTE) prepared by the reversed-phase suspension cross-linking polymerization and study the scavenging activity against DPPH free radical. The results showed that RCCM-GTE was a type of deep brown-yellow spherical resin with smooth surface and it presented uniform and narrow particle size distribution as determined by the Laser Particles Sizer. The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) study demonstrated that there was cerium existing in RCCM-GTE. The polyphenolic compounds existed in RCCM-GTE and the total content of polyphenolic compounds encapsulated in RCCM-GTE was found to be 92.550±1.145 μg/g. It is considered that the good antioxidant activity of RCCM-GTE was the comprehensive results of the action of tea polysaccharide-protein conjugate, polyphenolic compounds, cerium and Schiff base chitosan. Investigation showed that a lot of extracts coming from agriculture and food industry contain reactive components of polyphenolic compounds and polysaccharides. It can be effective in protection of human beings from free radical damage if these extracts are directly or after the extraction and purification added to food as natural food antioxidant or they are prepared micospheres reacted with some biopolymers through coordination as a health food. Then the emerging area of research on encapsulating GTE in chitosan cerium resin must have a broad developing prospect.
Carbon Nanolines Grown on Carbon Cloth Prepared by a Two-Step Method
Authors: Yin Cai Liu , Wen Guo Fu , Huang Qi Zhong , Zhou Ping , He Liang Ming , Liang Jiang Lie , Liu Bao Rong
Published: February 2011

Carbon nanolines on carbon cloth were prepared via a two-step method at 600-900°C for 30 min in a horizontal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) furnace, with Ni nano-particles as catalyst and ethylene as carbon source. XRD and SEM were used to examine the as-synthesized products. The result indicates that the pyrolysis temperature of 900°C is the most suitable to produce the carbon nanolines. The dimension and length of carbon nanolines are about 20nm and are well distributed, respectively. The as-synthesized carbon nanolines/carbon cloth is convenient and low-cost for adsorption materials of wastewater treatment, reinforcement of carbon/carbon composites. The growth mechanism of the as-synthesized carbon nanolines is simplely discussed.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Bicone-Shaped and Monodispersed Nanoparticles of Cu2S
Authors: Yang Ming , Zhou Kui
Published: February 2011

Bicone-shaped and monodispersed nanoparticles of Cu2S have been prepared by a simple reaction between CuO suspension, NH2OH•HCl and (NH4)2S in the presence of gelatin at 5°C. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The band gaps are estimated to be 1.98 eV and 2.03 eV according to the results of optical measurements of bicone-shaped and monodispersed nanoparticles of Cu2S.
Solvothermal Synthesis of Cd1-xZnxS (x = 0-1) Nanorods Using Single-Source Molecular Precursors
Authors: Chen Hu , Chen Wei Wei , Zhang Yong Cai , Zhang Ming
Published: February 2011

A solvothermal method has been developed for the synthesis of Cd1-xZnxS (x = 0–1) nanorods from a class of easily obtained, air-stable single-source molecular precursors, cadmium zinc bis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamates). The phase, morphology, size and optical property of the resultant products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis absorption spectra.
Effects of Bentonite Clarificants on Organic Acids Contents in Red Wine during Clarification
Authors: Wu Zhan Sheng , Sun Xi Fang , Li Chun
Published: February 2011

Effects of different bentonite clarificants on the main organic acids contents in wine were investigated during the clarification process. Citric acid (CA) concentration changed slightly during the first day with average elimination ratio (AER) of 0.57%, and tartaric acid (TA), malic acid (MA), lactic acid (LA) and succinic acid (SA) were varied with AER of 12.39%, 9.80%, 7.27% and 6.27%, respectively, while acetic acid (AA) has the biggest AER of 15.42%. The pH and titratable acidity were significantly dependent on the variation of CA and TA. The –OH group in organic acids could be combined with –Si-O or –AlO groups in bentonite surface by hydrogen bond, which could caused the decrease in concentration various organic acids.
Application of an Anisotropic Material of Thermal Conductivity in Building Envelope
Authors: Su Shun Yu , Chen Jian , Zhang Chun Zhi
Published: February 2011

In this paper, mechanism of anisotropic material of thermal conductivity was revealed by rotating the original rectangular axes so as to determine the principal axes and make the cross-derivative terms disappear. The results indicated that the heat flux vector is commonly not perpendicular to the isothermal surface in anisotropic material. The advantage of anisotropic material of thermal conductivity was analyzed. The application of laminated composite with anisotropic thermal conductivity in double skin envelope was proposed to avoid its disadvantage. The interior envelope in double skin system may be made of laminated glaze or other laminated materials. Basing on the combine of anisotropic material and double skin envelope, the indoor cooling and heating load decrease in summer and winter respectively while the anisotropic material was used as interior building envelope. Especially in summer, the effect of energy saving is obvious since the partial magnitude of conductive heat in the interior envelope could be brought out from the cavity by natural ventilation through it.
The Application of Carbon Fiber Reinforcement in Tunnel Second Lining Cracks
Authors: Yang Cheng Zhong , Wang Yan Jun , Chen Yi Lin
Published: February 2011

Combining with actual tunnel second lining crack field investigation and cracking reason analysis, on the basis of the simulation analysis of the carbon fiber reinforcement effect to the tunnel lining cracks of the tunnel segment intersection by use of finite element analysis software Ansys, proposed reinforcement solutions by grouting firstly for more than 0.05 mm cracks and then sticking carbon fiber on the concrete surface to reinforce. Epoxy resin stick carbon fiber in the tunnel crack zone to make carbon fiber and concrete structure work together, then reinforce and improve the mechanical properties. The determination of reasonable reinforcement solutions, choosing appropriate fiber materials and controlling of construction quality are effective measures to guarantee the carbon fiber reinforcement effect.
Research on the Pore Structure of Alkali-Slag Cement Stone Activated with Water Glass
Authors: He Juan , Yang Chang Hui
Published: February 2011

In view of the phenomena that alkali-slag cement has high mechanical strength and good impermeability and they are closely related with the pore structure of cement stone,water glass was selected as the alkali activater, nitrogen adsorption method was adopted to study the pore structure of alkali-slag cement stone, while the pore surface fractal dimension was determined by fractal theory. The results show that the pore structure of alkali-slag cement stone posesses obvious fractal characters and that fits the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill(FHH) model quite well.So the pore surface fractal dimension can be used to synthetically evaluate the superior or inferior of the pore structure of cement stone.
A Study on Microstructure of Ductile Ni-Resist Cast Iron for Exhaust Manifolds and Mechanical Property at the Condition of Altermative Thermal Cycles
Authors: Yang Yun Long , Cao Zhan Yi , Lian Zhen Song , Yu Hai Xia
Published: February 2011

The kind of ductile Ni-resist cast iron which will be used to exploit the exhaust manifold in First Automotive Works mainly contains up to 29 wt% Nickel, 4.9 wt% silicon and 1.7 wt% chromium. The main part of this study focused on the microstructure characterization of the as-cast condition and mechanical property at the condition of alternative thermal cycles. In the cast state, the alloy consists of the austentic matrix and carbides. The carbides contain M6C and M7C3. And FeNi3 phase is found in the austentic matrix. After alternative thermal cycles at 900 , the hardness value gradually descends from 203 HV to 170 HV.