bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of limiting polyunsaturated fatty acids in Daphnia galeata using a new method to enrich food algae with single fatty acids
Authors: von Elert Eric
Published: June 2010

A new method that allows the highly reproducible supplementation of free fatty acids to planktonic microalgae was used to investigate the role of particular highly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in somatic growth limitation of Daphnia galeata feeding on Scenedesmus obliquus or Stephanodiscus hantzschii. No evidence for biotransformation of the supplemented fatty acids into other fatty acids by the algae was found. Using the algal cell itself as a transfer vehicle, the supplemented fatty acids were incorporated by D. galeata. In standardized growth experiments with juvenile D. galeata, growth on S. obliquus was improved by supplementation with the PUFAs α‐linolenic acid (α‐LA, 18:3n–3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n–3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n–3), but not by arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n–6), which illustrates that PUFAs should not be regarded as a single resource. Corresponding changes in the fatty acid pattern of D. galeata indicated that EPA is the limiting PUFA during growth on S. obliquus and that D. galeata converts DHA and C18‐PUFAs into EPA. Growth on S. hantzschii was not improved by supplementation with EPA and ARA but was with α‐LA, which indicates that α‐LA is the limiting PUFA and that EPA cannot be converted into α‐LA. These results suggest that the availability of EPA determines which PUFA is limiting for growth. Because of the ability of the daphnids to convert α‐LA into EPA, both PUFAs are substitutable resources under EPA limitation, but because EPA cannot be converted into α–LA, both PUFAs are nonsubstitutable resources under α–LA limitation.
Routes and rates of larval fish transport from the southeast to the northeast United States continental shelf
Authors: Hare Jonathan A. , Churchill James H. , Cowen Robert K. , Berger Thomas J. , Cornillon Peter C. , Dragos Paul , Glenn Scott M. , Govoni John J. , Lee Thomas N.
Published: June 2010

Larval fish originating south of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, are frequently found on the continental shelf north of Cape Hatteras, even as far north as the Scotian shelf. The Gulf Stream and associated warm‐core rings are hypothesized as the physical mechanisms responsible for the northward transport of larvae. Specifically, larvae spawned along the southeast U.S. continental shelf are entrained into the Gulf Stream, transported to the northeast, regularly incorporated in warm‐core ring streamers, transported across the slope region, and released along the shelf edge north of Cape Hatteras. This proposed transport route was evaluated using hydrographic data and drifter tracks that were collected as part of other studies. Continental shelf water that originated south of Cape Hatteras was found along the edge of the Gulf Stream north of Cape Hatteras, and drifter tracks demonstrated each segment of the proposed transport route. A probability model was then developed to estimate transport times for larvae carried over the proposed transport route using a combination of sea surface temperature images, statistics of drifter transport speeds, and a larval mortality function. Modeled transport time distributions closely matched observed age distributions of larvae, further supporting the hypothesized transport route.
Interactive aggregation and sedimentation of diatoms and clay‐sized lithogenic material
Authors: Hamm Christian E.
Published: June 2010

Monospecific diatom cultures (Thalassiosira punctigera and Skeletonema costatum) were incubated in rotating cylinders together with clay suspensions, present in a range of concentrations (5–100 mg kaolinite L−1) and as different minerals (50 mg L−1 kaolinite, smectite, illite, and clayȁ;sized quartz powder). The addition of lithogenic suspensions to diatom cultures accelerated the formation of visible aggregates in the roller tanks by a factor of <3. Aggregate size decreased and density increased proportionally to the amount of kaolinite added to the diatom cultures. In the presence of kaolinite and illite, aggregate sizes were smaller and sinking rates lower than in the presence of smectite and quartz. The influence of lithogenic matter on the sinking velocities of aggregates was ambiguous. Compound aggregates sank faster with increasing amounts of lithogenic matter present in cultures of T. punctigera until a certain ratio between lithogenic and biogenic material was reached; further increasing the amount of lithogenic matter did not increase sinking rates significantly. In contrast, increasing the concentration of kaolinite added to cultures of S. costatum could decrease sinking velocities of the evolving compound aggregates. This nonlinear behavior is argued to be primarily a function of aggregate composition on aggregate sizes and excess densities. Although the possibility of a mutual acceleration of vertical flux of algae and clay is confirmed, the results show that the presence of lithogenic material could also decrease the downward flux of phytoplankton biomass.
Seasonal changes in groundwater input to a well‐mixed estuary estimated using radium isotopes and implications for coastal nutrient budgets
Authors: Kelly R. P. , Moran S. B.
Published: June 2010

226Ra (half‐life 1,600 yr) and 228Ra (half‐life 5.75 yr) were used as tracers to determine seasonal changes in groundwater input to the Pettaquamscutt estuary from June 1999 to June 2000. Ra isotopes were observed to be in excess of activities due to input from streams, Rhode Island Sound water, and particle desorption. The source of excess 226Ra and 228Ra within the estuary is attributed to groundwater transport of Ra derived from the weathering of bedrock within the Pettaquamscutt watershed. Short‐lived 224Ra (half‐life 3.66 d) was used to calculate an average residence time of the estuary of 8 ± 4 d. Box models used to constrain seasonal changes in groundwater input to the estuary indicate highest groundwater input in the summer (6.4–20 L m−2 d−1) and lowest values in the winter (2.1–6.9 L m−2 d−1). These Ra‐derived groundwater fluxes are similar to rates of aquifer recharge over the annual cycle. Using these Ra‐derived groundwater fluxes, the input of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus from groundwater to the Pettaquamscutt was estimated at 61–180 mmol m−2 yr−1 and 4.4‐13 mmol m−2 yr−1, respectively.
Effects of bioturbation on recruitment of algal cells from the “seed bank” of lake sediments
Authors: Ståhl-Delbanco Annika , Hansson Lars-Anders
Published: June 2010

Effects of different bioturbators on recruitment of several nuisance algae, Anabaena spp. (Cyanophyta), Microcystis spp. (Cyanophyta), and Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyta), from sediment to water were studied in a long‐term laboratory experiment. Natural sediment, where macrofauna larger than 1 mm had been removed, was added to 18 aquaria. To each of six aquaria, individuals of Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) or Chironomus plumosus (Arthropoda) larvae were added, and six aquaria were left as bioturbation‐free controls. Recruitment of Anabaena, Microcystis, and G. semen from the sediment was detected using inverted traps that were sampled once a week during 8 weeks. The activities of the isopod A. aquaticus increased recruitment rates of all algal groups investigated, whereas chironomids had a less pronounced effect. With respect to Anabaena, increased recruitment rate was expressed as a promotion of growth in the pelagic habitat. To our knowledge, these results are the first to demonstrate that bioturbating invertebrates affect the recruitment of phytoplankton resting stages. Moreover, our results suggest that recruitment rate might be more pronounced in littoral areas, which are often dominated by A. aquaticus, rather than in profundal areas of a lake, generally dominated by chironomids. Hence, with respect to algal dynamics, the strength of the coupling between the benthic and pelagic zones might vary both spatially and temporally, depending on composition of the benthic invertebrate community and the ontogenetic development of the individuals within it.
The vertical attenuation of irradiance as a function of the optical properties of the water
Authors: Kirk John T. O.
Published: June 2010

Average vertical attenuation coefficients, K(av), for irradiance calculated by linear regression of ln E(z) on z through the euphotic zone or from two irradiance values in a certain depth interval, are useful but somewhat arbitrary procedures for estimating these important apparent optical properties of the ocean. A more fundamental approach is to calculate an irradiance‐weighted coefficient, wK(av), integrated over the whole water column, in which for each increment of depth, the corresponding irradiance value is used to weight the estimate of the irradiance coefficient in accordance with [equation]. Attenuation coefficients calculated in this way exhibit some interesting relationships both to certain other properties of the light field and to the inherent optical properties of the water. In particular, I find that for all types of irradiance [equation], where E(0) is the value of irradiance just below the water surface. For net downward irradiance, [equation] and [equation], where c is the integral average cosine for the water column, o is the average cosine of the incoming flux just below the water surface, a is the absorption coefficient, b is the scattering coefficient, and s is the average cosine (asymmetry factor) of the scattering phase function. For scalar irradiance, [equation], where µ0 is the average cosine of the light field just below the water surface. The extent to which these and conventionally calculated attenuation coefficients reproduce the depth variation of irradiance is explored using Monte Carlo modeling.
Isotopic paleolimnology of Lake Kinneret
Authors: Dubowski Y. , Erez J. , Stiller M.
Published: June 2010

The carbonate, organic C, and N contents and their respective Δ13C were measured in four cores from Lake Kinneret, Israel. Using these data and the isotopic difference between coexisting carbonate and organic C, ΔΔ13C, we attempted to reconstruct the lake's productivity and regional climatic conditions during the late Holocene. The sedimentary record of the last 120 yr (for which climatological data are available) demonstrates that during periods of intense productivity, organic C content and its Δ13Corg are high, whereas the ΔΔ13C values are low. During wet periods, characterized by intense input of particulates and nutrients from external sources, the CaCO3 content, its Δ13Ccar and Δ18Ocar, and the organic C:N ratios are low. Based on these correlations, the longer sedimentary record of the last ca. 3,300 yr was divided into five stages, which differ in productivity and/or climatic characteristics. This longer sedimentary record indicates that the primary production in Lake Kinneret has varied in the past over a range similar to that observed presently, but the rate of these changes was much slower. The rainiest period recorded in the sediments was from about 200 B.C. to A.D. 200, i.e. during the Roman period, when the region was heavily populated. The recent decrease in Δ13C of atmospheric CO2 that accompanies the global anthropogenic CO2 rise seems to be recorded by a commensurate decrease in Δ13Ccar of the sediments. The concomitant increase in D Δ13C expresses an increase in the isotopic fractionation of the lake's primary producers, which may also be related to the atmospheric CO2 rise.
Abundance of amino sugars and peptidoglycan in marine particulate and dissolved organic matter
Authors: Benner Ronald , Kaiser Karl
Published: June 2010

Several recent studies indicated that amino sugars were likely to be major components of marine carbon and nitrogen cycles, but there has been insufficient data to investigate this hypothesis. In the present study, hydrolyzable amino sugars were measured in a variety of marine organisms and particulate organic matter (POM) and in ultrafiltered dissolved organic matter (UDOM) from various ocean basins and depths. Glucosamine (GlcN) and galactosamine (GalN) were abundant and common to all samples. Concentrations of these two amino sugars were similar to their neutral sugar counterparts, glucose and galactose, and in surface water they accounted for up to ~1.5% of C and N in POM and 2.5% of C and 7.1% of N in UDOM. Chitin, a polymer of glucosamine, is produced by many marine organisms, but based on the low GlcN : GalN ratios (1.0–2.5) in POM and UDOM, it does not appear to be a primary source of glucosamine in these samples. Muramic acid, an amino sugar found only in the bacterial cell wall polymer peptidoglycan, was relatively abundant in POM, indicating that bacterial detritus is a principal component of submicron particles in seawater. Muramic acid was measured in all UDOM samples, but its concentrations were low (<1 nmol L−1), indicating that intact fragments of peptidoglycan were a relatively minor component of UDOM. The abundance of GlcN and GalN and their similar concentrations in POM and UDOM provide novel information suggesting a major prokaryotic source.
In situ feeding and element removal in the symbiont‐bearing sponge Theonella swinhoei: Bulk DOC is the major source for carbon
Authors: Yahel Gitai , Sharp Jonathan H. , Marie Dominique , Häse2 Clivia , Genin Amatzia
Published: June 2010

The vast majority of organic matter in the world ocean is found in the dissolved pool. However, no evidence has been demonstrated for direct uptake of bulk dissolved organic matter (DOM) by organisms other than bacteria and some invertebrate larvae. The total organic carbon (TOC) is 10—30% higher in coral reefs than in adjacent open waters. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) accounts for >90% of the TOC. Using a new in situ technique for clean sampling of the seawater inhaled and exhaled by benthic suspension feeders, we measured directly the removal of DOC in the symbiont‐bearing reef sponge Theonella swinhoei. The sponge removed up to 26% (± SD: 12% ± 8%) of the TOC (dissolved and particulate) from the water it filtered during a single passage through its filtration system. Most of the carbon gained by the sponge was from the dissolved pool (10 ± 7 µmol C L−1), an order of magnitude greater than the carbon gained from the total living cells (phytoplankton and bacteria) the sponge removed (2 ± 1 µmol C L‐). In T. swinhoei, over two‐thirds of the sponge biomass consists of symbiotic bacteria, which likely play an important role in DOC uptake. Our findings indicate that the role of DOC in metazoan nutrition and the role of metazoans in DOC cycling may have been grossly underestimated.
Contribution of major bacterial groups to bacterial biomass production (thymidine and leucine incorporation) in the Delaware estuary
Authors: Cottrell Matthew T. , David Kirchman L.
Published: June 2010

Assimilation of 3HH‐thymidine and 3HH‐leucine was examined at the single‐cell level using a combination of microautoradiography and fluorescent in situ hybridization (Micro‐FISH) to determine the contribution of various bacterial groups to bacterial production in aquatic systems. All of the major phylogenetic groups of bacteria examined along the salinity gradient of the Delaware estuary, including alpha‐, beta‐, and gamma‐proteobacteria and Cytophaga‐like bacteria, assimilated 3H‐thymidine and 3H‐leucine. However, groups differed substantially in their contribution to the assimilation of these compounds. Alpha‐proteobacteria were the dominant substrate‐active bacteria at salinities of .9 PSU, whereas beta‐proteobacteria were more important in freshwater. At all salinities, Cytophaga‐like bacteria comprised the second most important group, and gamma‐proteobacteria were overall the least important. Bacterial abundance explained about half of the variation in 3H‐thymidine and 3H‐leucine assimilation by the major bacterial groups. The sizes of silver grains of active bacteria indicate no difference in singlecell activity for the bacterial groups, suggesting that the average growth rates of the groups we examined were similar. However, activity per cell was distributed differently in the phylogenetic groups. Our study suggests that estimates of bacterial production measured using 3H‐thymidine and 3H‐leucine include bacteria in all of the major phylogenetic groups found in aquatic systems and that growth rates within bacterial groups vary substantially.
Accumulation of nitrogen oxides in copper‐limited cultures of denitrifying bacteria
Authors: Granger Julie , Ward Bess B.
Published: June 2010

Three strains of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria were cultured in artificial seawater medium under trace metal clean conditions to investigate their physiological response to changes in copper concentration. Decreasing the copper concentration in cultures of Pseudomonas stutzeri and Paracoccus denitrificans resulted in accumulation of nitrous oxide (N2O) gas compared to copper‐replete cultures and cessation of growth before complete denitrification to dinitrogen. Correspondingly, the activity of the copper enzyme nitrous oxide reductase, measured for P. denitrificans cultures, was high in copper‐replete cultures and was below detection in copper‐deficient cultures. Addition of copper to copper‐deficient cultures following the accumulation of N2O resulted in resumption of growth and complete consumption of N2O in solution. Growth of the third strain, WLB20, in copper‐deficient medium caused a marked accumulation of nitrite, suggesting that WLB20 has the copper form of nitrite reductase. These observations suggest a role for trace metals in regulating redox cycling of nitrogen and trace gas production in the ocean.
Effects of optically shallow bottoms on upwelling radiances: Inhomogeneous and sloping bottoms
Authors: Mobley Curtis D. , Sundman Lydia K.
Published: June 2010

If the benthic boundary in optically shallow waters is spatially inhomogeneous or sloping, the underwater light field is inherently three‐dimensional (3D). Numerical simulations of 3D underwater radiances were made for environmental conditions observed in shallow Bahamian waters. The simulations show that if the pattern of bottom reflectance for an inhomogeneous but level bottom has a spatial scale much smaller than the bottom area seen by a radiometer, the inhomogeneous bottom can be replaced by a homogeneous bottom whose reflectance is the areaweighted average of the actual bottom reflectances. For large‐scale patterns of bottom reflectance, the 3D light fields near the edges of bottom patches of different reflectances can be predicted from analytical models incorporating the sensor geometry and one‐dimensional (1D) light fields computed for homogeneous bottoms, with errors of order 10% when compared to the exact 3D solutions. The same holds true for uniformly sloping bottoms, whose 3D light fields can be modeled in terms of the 1D light fields computed for level bottoms, with errors of less than 10% for bottom slopes of 20° or less.
Sediment properties influencing upwelling spectral reflectance signatures: The “biofilm gel effect”
Authors: Decho Alan W. , Kawaguchi Tomohiro , Allison Mead A. , Louchard Eric M. , Reid R. Pamela , Stephens F. Carol , Voss Kenneth J. , Wheatcroft Robert A. , Taylor Brenton B.
Published: June 2010

Microbial communities often produce copious films of extracellular polymeric secretions (EPS) that may interact with sediments to influence spectral reflectance signatures of shallow marine sediments. We examined EPS associated with microbial mats to determine their potential effects on sediment reflectance properties. Distinct changes in spectral reflectance signatures of carbonate sediments from the Bahamas were observed among several sediment sites, which were specifically chosen for their presence of microbial mats and adjacent nonmat sediments. The presence of mats greatly reduced sediment reflectance signatures by ~10%‐20%, compared with adjacent nonmat areas having similar sediment characteristics. Decreases in reflectance near 444 and 678 nm could be attributed primarily to absorbance by photopigments. However, additional nonspecific decreases in reflectance occurred across a wide spectral range (400–750 nm). Experimental manipulations determined that nonspecific reflectance decreases were due to EPS that are produced by biofilm‐associated microorganisms of the mats. Microbial EPS, isolated from natural mat sediments exhibited small but nonspecific absorbances across a broad spectral range. When EPS was in relatively high concentrations, as in microbial mats, there was a “biofilm gel effect” on sediment reflectance properties. The effect was twofold. First, it increased the relative spacing of sediment grains, a process that permitted light to penetrate deeper into sediments. Second, it resulted in a more efficient capture of photons because of the change in refractive index of EPS gel itself relative to seawater. The relatively translucent EPS of biofilms, therefore, influenced the magnitude of reflectance across a broad spectral range in marine sediments.
Hyperspectral analysis of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity of coral reef substrates
Authors: Joyce Karen E. , Phinn Stuart R.
Published: June 2010

Few studies have assessed the biophysical properties controlling reflection and absorption of light in coral reef environments and their relationships with quantitative measures of reef health and productivity. The present article examines the relationship between spectral reflectance, photosynthetic capacity, and chlorophyll a from common coral reef substrates. Reflectance readings of several targets (massive corals Montipora sp., n = 49, and Porites sp., n = 80; macroalgae Chlorodesmis sp., n = 24; and sediment interspersed with benthic microalgae, n = 35) were obtained in situ on Heron Reef, southern Great Barrier Reef (23°27'S, 151°55'E). Measurements of photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content were acquired simultaneously. Linear correlations were examined between spectral reflectance at all wavelengths and both photosynthetic capacity and pigment content (Chl a). Reflectance plots for all targets exhibited an absorption feature centered at 675 nm, and spectral reflectance at this wavelength decreased with increasing Chl a levels. The strength of this correlation varied between features, being highest for Porites sp. and lowest for sediment, highlighting the complexities of coral reef environments and the difficulties associated with relating spectral reflectance to biophysical properties. Photosynthetic capacity did not exhibit statistically significant correlations to spectral reflectance or absorption at any wavelength. Our results demonstrate the capabilities and difficulties associated with field scale hyperspectral data for measuring select biophysical properties of coral reefs and the need for assessment of the capabilities of airborne and satellite imaging sensors for similar purposes.
Modeling spectral discrimination of Great Barrier Reef benthic communities by remote sensing instruments
Authors: Kutser Tiit , Dekker Arnold G. , Skirving William
Published: June 2010

Remote sensing can monitor coral reef health, provided the benthic substrates are spectrally resolvable through the water column and surface. We studied the separability of eight substrate types (live coral, dead coral, soft coral, sand, brown algae, green algae, red algae, cyanobacteria) and the influence of the overlying water. A spectral library of coral reef benthic communities was collected from the Great Barrier Reef. Hydrolight 4.1 was used to simulate remote sensing reflectances. One multispectral and two hyperspectral sensors were simulated: the Advanced Land Imager (ALI, space borne), Hyperion (space borne), and HyMap (airborne, at 1.5 km altitude). Spectral radiance differences above different substrates were calculated to estimate what substrates can be separated and to what depth of waters this can be done. The dominant features in reflectance spectra of coral reef substrates are in the wavelength range 550–700 nm. Distinguishing various substrates in this part of the spectrum is limited to water depths of 5–6 m due to attenuation of the water. Below 550 nm some substrates have spectral features that are detectable by hyperspectral instruments even in deeper waters. Broader band instruments (e.g., ALI, Landsat) can provide some information about the substrate type. Sensors with a broad bandwidth provide fewer possibilities for developing analytical remote sensing algorithms for resolving significant numbers of substrate types in waters with variable depth. Hyperspectral sensors increase our capability to detect narrow spectral features that can be used for resolving various benthic communities.
Anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions: 1850–2005
Authors: Smith S. J. , van Aardenne J. , Klimont Z. , Andres R. , Volke A. , Delgado Arias S.
Published: June 2010

Abstract. Sulfur aerosols impact human health, ecosystems, agriculture, and global and regional climate. A new annual estimate of anthropogenic global and regional sulfur dioxide emissions has been constructed spanning the period 1850–2005 using a bottom-up mass balance method, calibrated to country-level inventory data. Global emissions peaked in the early 1970s and decreased until 2000, with an increase in recent years due to increased emissions in China, international shipping, and developing countries in general. An uncertainty analysis was conducted including both random and systemic uncertainties. The overall global uncertainty in sulfur dioxide emissions is relatively small, but regional uncertainties ranged up to 30%. The largest contributors to uncertainty at present are emissions from China and international shipping. Emissions were distributed on a 0.5° grid by sector for use in coordinated climate model experiments.
A comparison between the algebraic and the reduced order observer approaches for on‐line load torque estimation in a unit power factor rectifier‐DC motor system
Authors: Linares‐Flores J. , Sira‐Ramírez H. , Yescas‐Mendoza E. , Vásquez‐Sanjuan J. J.
Published: June 2010

In this article, a comparison between the performances of an online algebraic estimator and a reduced order observer is established in the context of adaptive load torque estimation in a controlled unit power factor rectifier‐DC motor system combination. A passivity‐based output feedback controller was constructed to regulate the angular speed while correcting the power factor of the mono phase boost rectifier. The proposed controller allowed us to compare the results of both on‐line estimation techniques. The experimental results show a superiority of the algebraic approach in which the angular velocity was maintained at the desired reference value by the adapted controller, even under severe load changes on the motor shaft, while the power factor was also kept at high values in the power supply system.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Verhalten von hochduktilem Beton unter Impaktbelastung
Authors: Millon Oliver , Mechtcherine Viktor , Thoma Klaus , Butler Marko
Published: June 2010

In diesem Aufsatz wird das Materialverhalten von Hochduktilem Beton (engl.: Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite – SHCC) bei Impaktbelastung beschrieben. Dazu werden Ergebnisse aus hochdynamischen Spallations‐Experimenten an einem Hopkinson‐ Bar mit Dehnraten > 140 1/s den Resultaten aus quasi‐statischen, zentrischen Zugversuchen mit Dehnraten von 0,001 1/s gegenübergestellt. Die Auswirkungen hoher Dehnraten auf das Materialverhalten erfolgt anhand eines Vergleiches der zentrischen Zugfestigkeit, des E‐Moduls sowie der Bruchenergie. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse werden zudem mit den Kennwerten anderer Betone in Beziehung gesetzt. Unterschiede im Materialverhalten werden auf Grundlage von Phänomenen der Rissbildung und des Faserauszuges erklärt.

Mechanical Behaviour of SHCC under Impact

This paper describes the material behaviour of Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite (SHCC) at high strain rates. The results of high dynamic spall experiments using a Hopkinson Bar at strain rates > 140/sec were arrayed against the results of quasistatic, centric tensile tests at strain rates of 0,001/sec. This comparison is based on the parameters of tensile strength, elastic modulus, and fracture energy of the specimens. In addition, the experimental results of SHCC are related to the characteristic values of other concrete types. Differences in material behaviour are explained by the phenomena of crack formation and fibre pullout force.
KERENA™ – Die bauliche Konzeption des Containments
Authors: Hansen Heribert , Garg Andreas , Meiswinkel Rüdiger , Bielor Eberhard
Published: June 2010

Der Siedewasserreaktor KERENA™ (vormals SWR 1000) von AREVA ist eine auf der Baulinie 72 von Gundremmingen B/C basierende Weiterentwicklung der deutschen Siedewasserreaktor‐Technologie. Mit einem anlagentechnisch sehr fortschrittlichen Sicherheitskonzept verfügt der Kernreaktor der Generation III+ über eine erhöhte Anlagensicherheit. Seitens der Bautechnik wird KERENA™ mit der konzeptionellen Neugestaltung des Containments den hohen internationalen Sicherheitsanforderungen gerecht und weist darüber hinaus eine nach heutigem Verständnis sehr robuste und wartungsarme Baustruktur auf. Dies spiegelt sich in einer monolithischen Stahlbetonbauweise mit redundanten Tragsystemen, einer außerordentlich hohen Tragfähigkeit sowie dem Einsatz hochwertiger Werkstoffe und Bauprodukte wider.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cαα‐Unsymmetrically Disubstituted Nitroesters by Electron Transfer C‐Alkylation of Ethyl 2‐Nitropropionate Anion.
Authors: BERAUD V. , PERFETTI P. , PFISTER C. , KAAFARANI M. , VANELLE P. , CROZET M. P.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Extremely Facile and Selective Nickel‐Catalyzed Allyl Ether Cleavage.
Authors: TANIGUCHI T. , OGASAWARA K.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Remarkable Effect of Lithium Bromide in the Enantioselective Protonation with α‐Sulfinyl Alcohols.
Authors: ASENSIO G. , ALEMAN P. A. , DOMINGO L. R. , MEDIO‐SIMON M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Additions of Organolithium and Organomagnesium Reagents to the C=N Bond of a Chiral, Cyclic Nitrone Derived from Erythrulose.
Authors: MARCO J. A. , CARDA M. , MURGA J. , PORTOLES R. , FALOMIR E. , LEX J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organophosphorus Compounds. Part 116. Ab initio Theoretical Investigation of the Formation of Phosphirenylium Ions from 1‐Halo‐1H‐phosphirenes.
Authors: EISFELD W. , REGITZ M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 5,6‐Dihydropyridin‐2(1H)‐ones (IV) by Intramolecular Wittig Reaction on the Basis of N‐3‐Oxoalkylchloroacetamides.
Authors: FISYUK A. S. , POENDAEV N. V. , BUNDEL' YU. G.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some 4‐Amino‐3‐cinnoline Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Part 4. 2,4‐Dioxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydropyrimido[5,4‐c]cinnolines.
Authors: STANCZAK A. , LEWGOWD W. , PAKULSKA W.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mathematical Tools for the Construction, Investigation and Reduction of Combustion Mechanisms
Authors: TOMLIN A. S. , TURANYI T. , PILLING M. J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Single Crystal Refinement of the Ho3Si4 Structure.
Authors: IJJAALI I. , VENTURINI G. , MALAMAN B.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Chlorohydrin Synthesis.
Authors: EL‐QISAIRI A. , HAMED O. , HENRY P. M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation and Analysis of the Phenyldimethylsilyllithium Reagent and Its Reaction with Silyl Enol Ethers.
Authors: FLEMING I. , ROBERTS R. S. , SMITH S. C.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Spirosystems by Rhodium(II)‐Carbenoid C—H Insertion Reactions.
Authors: ABUREL P. S. , UNDHEIM K.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Metabolites from the Microbial Oxidation of Fluorinated Aromatic Compounds.
Authors: HUDLICKY T. , GONZALEZ D. , STABILE M. , ENDOMA M. A. A. , DELUCA M. , PARKER D. , GIBSON D. T. , RESNICK S. M. , WHITED G. M.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New One‐Pot Method for the Conversion of Aldehydes into Nitriles Using Hydroxyamine and Phthalic Anhydride.
Authors: WANG E.‐C. , LIN G.‐J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxiranes Based on Substituted Amides and Esters of Undecylenoic Acid and Their Reactivity.
Authors: GLUSHKO L. P. , PETUKHOVA E. I. , KLEBANSKII E. O.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Methods for the Synthesis of 3‐Methyl‐2,2,4‐trinitro‐3‐thiolene‐1,1‐dioxide (II).
Authors: KHLYTIN A. L. , EFREMOVA I. E. , BERESTOVITSKAYA V. M. , LAPSHINA L. V. , GAMAZIN D. A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Three‐Component Synthesis of Substituted Cyclopentadienyl Tricarbonyl Rhenium Complexes.
Authors: MINUTOLO F. , KATZENELLENBOGEN J. A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of a meso‐Tetraphenylsecochlorin (I) and a Homoporphyrin (II) with a Twist.
Authors: BRUECKNER C. , RETTIG S. J. , DOLPHIN D.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Isomeric Olefins of the Pimarane Series with Paraformaldehyde on Askanite‐Bentonite Resin.
Authors: KUZAKOV E. V. , SHMIDT E. N. , KORCHAGINA D. V. , BAGRYANSKAYA I. YU. , GATILOV YU. V. , BARKHASH V. A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Total Synthesis of the Racemic Sesquiterpene Parvifoline.
Authors: COVARRUBIAS‐ZUNIGA A. , CANTU F. , MALDONADO L. A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrostatic Interactions and Conformations of Zwitterionic Pyridinium Alkanoates.
Authors: SZAFRAN M. , DEGA‐SZAFRAN Z. , KATRUSIAK A. , BUCZAK G. , GLOWIAK T. , SITKOWSKI J. , STEFANIAK L.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Baeyer—Villiger Oxidation by Pseudomonas putida NCIMB 10007 in Organic Solvents: The Influence on the Regioselectivity.
Authors: BROSA C. , RODRIGUEZ‐SANTAMARTA C. , SALVA J. , BARBERA E.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cleavage of Sulfonamides with Phenyldimethylsilyllithium.
Authors: FLEMING I. , FRACKENPOHL J. , ILA H.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Cleavage of 2,2,2‐Trichloroethyl Esters with Sodium Telluride.
Authors: BLAY G. , CARDONA L. , GARCIA B. , GARCIA C. L. , PEDRO J. R.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Acetoxy‐trifluoroacetoxylation and 1,4‐Alkoxy‐trifluoroacetoxylation of Cyclic 1,3‐Dienes. Scope and Mechanism.
Authors: ARANYOS A. , SZABO K. J. , BAECKVALL J.‐E.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enzyme‐Catalyzed Reactions. Part 32. Application of the Blaise Reaction: Stereoselective Synthesis of (4R)‐tert‐Butyl 3‐Amino‐4‐trimethylsilyloxy‐2‐alkenoates from (R)‐Cyanohydrins.
Authors: SYED J. , FOERSTER S. , EFFENBERGER F.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: [3.3.1]Propellane‐2,8‐dione. Synthesis and Structure.
Authors: REINGOLD I. D. , BECKMANN G. , GRANNAS A. M. , BRUNETTE S. R. , WILLIAMS B. D. , LOVELL S. , KAHR B. E.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Water‐Soluble Molecular Bowls and Their Unique Complexing Behavior with 1‐Anilinonaphthalene‐8‐sulfonate.
Authors: GOTO K. , AKINE S. , HAYASHI T. , OKAZAKI R.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of β‐Trifluoromethyl‐Substituted Isoserine via Intramolecular Rearrangement of Imino Ethers.
Authors: UNEYAMA K. , HAO J. , AMII H.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,4,5‐Trimethoxyphenyl 5“‐O‐Caffeoyl‐β‐D‐erythro‐apiofuranosyl‐ (1→6)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside: Kelampayoside B.
Authors: DUYNSTEE H. I. , DE KONING M. C. , VAN DER MAREL G. A. , VAN BOOM J. H.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Transformation of D‐Glucose to 1‐Deoxy‐1‐[4′‐methoxyphenyl]‐2R,3R,4R‐pentitol Template: Synthesis of Karalicin Analogues.
Authors: MEREYALA H. B. , GADIKOTA R. R.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Ion‐Exchangeable Thin Films of Layered Niobate K4Nb6O17.
Authors: ABE R. , HARA M. , KONDO J. N. , DOMEN K. , SHINOHARA K. , TANAKA A.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Phthalocyanines Substituted with Dendritic Wedges: Glass‐Forming Columnar Mesogens.
Authors: BREWIS M. , CLARKSON G. J. , HOLDER A. M. , MCKEOWN N. B.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Muon Spin Relaxation Studies of Interstitial and Molecular Motion
Authors: COX S. F. J.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Magnetic Properties of a Novel Compound with Y3(Fe,V)29 Stoichiometry and Disordered CaCu5‐Type Structure.
Authors: PSYCHARIS V. , GJOKA M. , KALOGIROU O. , DEVLIN E. , NIARCHOS D.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Thermodynamic Properties of Lower Chlorides of Fullerene C60.
Authors: SEVAST'YANOV D. V. , ALIKHANYAN A. S. , MALKEROVA I. P. , GUS'KOV V. N. , CHUMAEVSKII N. A. , IONOV S. P.
Published: June 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.