bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of beta-lactam/ beta-lactamase inhibitors with carbapenem for urinary bacteremia caused by ceftriaxone resistant Escherichia coli and klebsiella species
Authors: Rani Beena , Babar Zaheer Uddin , Dodani Sunil Kumar , Nasim Asma Nasim , Badlani Sanjay Badlani
Published: May 2024

Background: The debate, whether to treat ceftriaxone resistant (CROr) gram negative urinary tract infection with bacteremia (bUTI) with Beta-lactam/beta lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLI) or Carbapenem is going on. Carbapenem are expensive in our part of the world. Our aim was to see the efficacy of BL/BLI in the treatment of bUTI caused by CROr Escherichia coli (E-coli) or Klebsiella species (spp.) To compare microbiological clearance, clinical failure, new bacteremia and mortality between patients with bUTI who receive BL/BLI or Carbapenem.
Material and Methods: A retrospective chart review was done at a tertiary care hospital of kidney diseases from October 2021 till June 2022. We included all adult patients with bUTI caused by CROr E-coli or Klebsiella spp, and they were excluded if bacteremia with no clear source or received antibiotics other than BL/BLI or carbapenems or received for less than 48 hours duration. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and clinical outcome were compared between BL/BLI and carbapenem groups.
Results: A total of 41 files were reviewed. The demographics, risk factors and clinical features were comparable. We did not find statistically significant difference in microbiological clearance, clinical failure, and mortality between BL/BLI and Carbapenem groups.
Conclusion: BL/BLI combinations are as efficacious as Carbapenems in CROr bUTI in terms of microbiological clearance. The clinical success and mortality were same in both groups.
Keywords: bUTI, Klebsiella spp, Carbapenems, BL/BLI, Mortality, Disease severity, Microbiological clearance.
Epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility patterns of invasive candidiasis: A single-center study
Authors: Younas Amna , Iftikhar Irim , Rasool Karam
Published: May 2024

Background: Invasive candidiasis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of various antifungal treatments, global reports continue to highlight resistance, treatment ineffectiveness, and outbreaks. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology of various Candida species isolated from invasive samples and assess their antifungal susceptibility profiles.
Material and Methods: The study identified and evaluated a total of 200 Candida isolates, recovered over a 6-month period from various clinical specimens. These were assessed against various antifungals according to recommendations.
Results: Among the samples, blood (79%) and pus (12%) were the most commonly encountered sources of Candida isolation. Candida isolates comprised 14.5% (30) C. albicans and 85.5% (170) non-albicans species. Non-albicans species included 15% (30) C. guilliermondii, 14.5% (29) C. lusitaniae, 11.5% (22) C. tropicalis, 2.3% (4) C. auris, and 8.5% (17) C. parapsilosis. Overall, the strains showed 74% and 91% sensitivity to Fluconazole and Voriconazole, respectively, and 100% sensitivity to Caspofungin and Amphotericin B, with the exception of C. lusitaniae.
Conclusion: The susceptibility profile of antifungals is evolving. This study demonstrated a low rate of resistance to four antifungals in invasive candidiasis in Pakistan. None of the isolates were resistant to more than one drug. Early and prompt treatment through the implementation of an antifungal stewardship program and strict infection control is crucial.
Keywords: Invasive candidiasis (IC), Antifungal susceptibility profile, Fluconazole, Candidemia
The frightening disease burden of blood culture proven XDR Typhoidal isolates in pediatric population in a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad; Time to implement a holistic approach countrywide
Authors: Khawaja Samia , Farwa Umme , Khursheed Soffia , Mushtaq Mehreen , Ali Muhammad Moaaz , Shafiq Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Background: Typhoid fever is a deadly enteric bacterial infection and millions of people all over the globe are endangered of acquiring it. Since the first outbreak of XDR typhoid in Pakistan in 2016, the ever-rising resistance of typhoid has become a major threat faced by the pediatric population of Pakistan. There is a dearth of available data in children harboring this extensively drug resistant pathogen countrywide. The objective of this study is to highlight the alarmingly increasing prevalence of XDR S. typhi in pediatric population in Federal territory in Pakistan.
Material and Methods: This Cross-sectional study was conducted at Microbiology Lab, Children Hospital, PIMS from June 2022 to May 2023. Blood culture samples of children (with strong clinical suspicion of typhoid) ranging one till 12 years (both genders).
Result: Out of a total of 245 typhoid suspected blood culture samples, 153 (62%) samples yielded growth of typhoidal Salmonella isolates with 109 (71 %) isolates proved as XDR Salmonella Typhi ,35 (23%) as MDR Salmonella Typhi and the rest 09 cases (6 %) were Salmonella paratyphi A. There was a male predominance of 96(63%) and the rest 57(37%) were females. Age range most commonly affected was 5-8 years followed by 9-12 yrs. There was 100% susceptibility to Meropenem in XDR typhoid cases and 99% XDR cases were susceptible to Azithromycin.
Conclusion: We concluded that there is widespread existence of MDR/ XDR S.typhi in pediatric population in federal territory as well as all over Pakistan but there is scarcity of documented data nationwide. Hence, our study signifies that a holistic approach should be implemented along with continuous ongoing surveillance to combat this frightening MDR/ XDR disease burden in this particular population.
Key Words: Salmonella Typhi, Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR), Typhoidal isolates
Public Administration Analysis of Bleaching Motorized Vehicle Tax in Gorontalo Province
Authors: Djaafar Lucyane , Rachman Ellys , Mahmud Ramli , Kamaluddin La Ode Amijaya , Wantu Sastro , Wantu Fence M. , Sunarti Sri
Published: May 2024

faced by the Gorontalo Provincial government in increasing local revenue (PAD) from the sector. The method used is a qualitative approach, with primary and secondary data collection to get an in-depth picture. The results showed that motor vehicle tax bleaching is part of the tax administration reform efforts aimed at improving performance through the improvement of administrative processes that are more efficient, economical, and responsive. In addition, this study also identifies various challenges in implementing the policy, including institutional, group, and individual aspects, which need to be addressed to maximize the potential revenue from the motor vehicle tax sector. This research provides recommendations for an improved tax administration system that can support the achievement of PAD targets more optimally.
IMMUNOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS IN DIAGNOSTICS OF ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Kasimova N.S. , Majidova E.N.
Published: May 2024

Based on the literature data it can be argued that lateralization lesion determines the clinical and immunological parameters in patients with acute cerebral accidence. While there is a close relationship with the immune mechanisms of factors that play a role in the pathogenesis of cerebral circulation. It should be noted that further detailed study of immunopathological phenomena in early age children help outline new diagnostic and pathogenetic based pharmacotherapy of acute cerebrovascular events.
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Shiraliyeva R.K. , Abasova L.I.
Published: May 2024

The article contains systematized literature data concerning prophylactic and rational approaches of antihypertensive treatment of cognitive disturbances in patients with arterial hypertension (АН). These approaches are based on the results of multi-center, randomized studies in this patient group. It was shown that applying in time antihypertensive drugs having certain cerebroprotecter abilities and correction emotional and metabolic disorders make positive influence on clinics and prognosis of АН, prevent the progressing of cognitive disturbances. It was also shown that in patients with AH associated with cognitive disturbances long-term therapy with angiotensin II antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors and dihydropyridine calcium blockers make positive influence on clinics and prognosis of АН and could in some cases predict the progress of cerebrovascular disturbances.
DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES MIMICKING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS ON MRI EXAMINATION
Authors: Hasanov R.L.
Published: May 2024

There are a lot of diseases mimicking MRI picture of multiple sclerosis, which creates a certain diagnostic difficulties, and sometimes may lead to overdiagnosis of the disease. This group of diseases include rheumatoid vasculitis, various infections, developmental abnormalities, degenerative and hereditary disease. The article provides a rational approach to the differential diagnosis of these groups of diseases.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF ICTERIC SYNDROME IN NEW-BORN BABIES
Authors: Daniyarova F.A. , Asimovа N.M.
Published: May 2024

At the modern time in spite of certain achievements of the “mother and child safety” service, there is still a tendency of new-born babies morbidity growth. Hyper bilirubinemia is one of the most often met pathologic states in the new-born period. Nowadays the frequency of the phenomenon is growing in the whole world becoming almost universal. According to the data given by various authors the frequency of pathologic hyper bilirubinemia in new-born children takes 25-65% and 70-90% in pre-mature born babies.
CLINICAL-NEUROLOGIC AND ANAMNESIS SYMPTOMS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN (ADHD) CHILDREN
Authors: Saidkhodjayeva S.N.
Published: May 2024

The researches of clinical-neurologic and neuro-physiologic manifestations of ADHD in 40 children we performed made it possible to extend and deepen our notions about the character of the alterations occurring in case of that pathology. ADHD is 2.3 times more often met among boys. Equal distribution of attention deficit and hyperactivity at the age of 4-7 years old is changed by priority of attention deficit to 12 years old. The risk factors of ADHD formation are perinatal damage of CNS (65%), hereditary predisposition (37.5%), unfavorable social-psychological impacts (60.7%).
PATHOGENETIC TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Authors: Shiraliyeva R.K.
Published: May 2024

The lecture is devoted to the pathogenetic treatment of multiple sclerosis, which is one of the most serious problems of modern neurology. The lecture provides information on the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of current methods of pathogenetic treatment of multiple sclerosis, which objectivised changes in the condition of patients. The dominant position among the methods of pathogenetic treatment of multiple sclerosis is currently occupied by drugs which used in Diseases Modifying Treatment (DMT).
COMORBID DISORDERS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN CHILDREN
Authors: Saidkhodjaeva S.N.
Published: May 2024

In the article on the basis of a survey of 86 children the problem of comorbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, which are found in 69.8% of patients and lead to additional complications of intra-family, school and social adaptation. The structure is characterized by the presence of comorbid disorders, oppositional defiant behavior disorders (43.0%) and various forms of anxiety disorders (39.5%). At 9.3% of children with the disease have met tics, 17.4% - nocturnal enuresis and 5.8 - faecal incontinence.
HOSPITAL REPLACING OUT-PATIENT PRACTICE TO PATIENTS WITH THE VERTEBRONEVROLOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Adambaev Z.I.
Published: May 2024

The analysis of indicators of activity of out-patient unit of private vertebronevrological clinic «Global Med System», Tashkent, since 2006 to 2014 was carried out. The analysis of observation over 5122 patients with vertebronevrological pathology has revealed the demand of services of the specialized centers among the population as convenient and economic, with remission of liberation of the beds in a hospital for treatment of more serious patients.
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CORRELATS AT THE HEALTHY YOUNG MEN IN DIFFERENT EMOCIOGEN INFLUENCES
Authors: Kazimov A.G. , Djafarova S.Sh. , Kazimova L.A. , Aliyeva D.M. , Hasanov Kh.I.
Published: May 2024

This search is aimed to study EEG characteristic features in the age group of 18 year-old healthy young men in quiet condition and in various emotional impacts. The research has revealed that in the age group of 17-18 year-old healthy young men integral EEG characteristics (indicators of representative percentage, spectral intensity, frequency-amplitude analysis) have significant similarities as well as specific distinctions in the conditions of physiological calmness, intellectual tension and negative and positive emotional states. In particular, valid change from various physiological condition alpha rhythms to theta rhythms has been observed mostly in tense contention and intellectual tension.
ULTRASOUND MARKERS HYPOXIC-ISCHEMIC INJURY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF NEWBORN
Authors: Rzaeva N.A.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate the ultrasonic markers hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system in newborns. The study included 100 newborns 7-8 days sovey life. These data confirm the approval of researchers, those children born to mothers with active infection during pregnancy should be attributed to the high-risk group for neurological symptoms. Currently, Doppler has become the main method of brain research in the newborn. Doppler ultrasound, especially during the dynamic studies, a few extends beyond the usual ultrasound examination of the brain, allowing you to identify deviations in the "structural" normal brain. Despite the limitations of the method, due to the high variability of absolute values of cerebral blood flow and the inability to date to assess the actual volume of brain blood flow Doppler examination of cerebral vessels in the newborn contribute to improving our knowledge about the function and structure of the brain, which may facilitate diagnosis in neonatal neurology.
EFFECT OF REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION ON THE CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMIC IN STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: Kuznetsova S. , Skachkova N.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the analysis of the impact of a course of combined repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation on the cerebral hemodynamic in 74 patients with ischemic stroke. Patients received repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation (study group) or placebo repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation (placebo group) for 10 days twice a day against the background of conventional drug therapy. It was found that in study group versus placebo group observed a more pronounced improvement of cerebral blood flow. Hemodynamic portraits of repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation in patients with stroke have hemispheric features. Repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation increases linear velocity of cerebral blood flow in patients with right-side stroke in separate vessels of the affected hemisphere. In patients with left-side stroke repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation promotes linear velocity of cerebral blood flow in vessels both affected and intact hemispheres. The positive effect of repetitive transcranial and peripheral magnetic stimulation on the cerebral hemodynamic in ischemic stroke patients justifies the inclusion of this method in a comprehensive system of rehabilitation of these patients.
PARACLINICAL RATES AMONG PATIENTS WITH MIGRAINE DEPENDING ON GENOTYPE IN ADVERSE ARAL SEA REGION
Authors: Jabbarov М.Т. , Qilichev I.А. , Xudayberganov N.Yu , Matyoqubov М.О.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this work was to study paraclinical rates among patients with migraine depending on genotype in adverse Aral Sea region. May be, new genetic investigations allow to spread significantly representations about etiology of migraine, to improve diagnosis and treatment of this disease. For solution of this problem studies were carried out on the basis of sampling patients with migraine, in number 109 people, aged from 16 to 53, all patients were the people of Uzbek nationality, residents of Aral Sea region (Khorezm region, Karakalpakstan).
NEW METHODS OF TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF VERTEBRAGENOUS DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF RI OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION)
Authors: Musayev A.V. , Huseynova S.G. , Zeynalov R.G.
Published: May 2024

The given work presents the key summary of the targeted researches carried out during the last 10 years in the field of treatment and rehabilitation of patients suffering from neurological development of osteochondrosis of lumbar vertebra, also patients who underwent surgical operation of discal hernia. The clinical and neurophysiological studies were conducted on the patients who received cryotherapy (106 patients) and electrical stimulation (130 patients) together with naphthalan therapy. It has been established, that the use of cryotherapy and naphthalan therapy in the complex treatment of vertebrogenic diseases of the nervous system contributes to more rapid regress of pain and restoration of the dynamics of vertebra, improvement of the state of peripheral neuromotor system. The use of electrical stimulation in combination with naphthalan therapy in the patients who underwent surgical operation of discal hernia along with the abovementioned benefits will also contribute to the improvement of the trophism of tissues, restoration of motor and sensor disorders and improve life quality of patients.
SEASONAL PATTERNS OF NEUROLOGIC DISEASE MORTALITY IN SOUTHERN PARTS OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Mammadbayli A.K.
Published: May 2024

Research objective: to estimate the dependence of mortality connected with neurologic diseases from season in the southern regions of the country with characteristic subtropical climate. Com-paring mortal incidents on months and seasons within calendar year, in research the role of the seasonal factor was studied. Within each administrative region (Astara 518 and 199, Lerik 342 and 162, Lenkoran 1012 and 345, Masalli 1023 and 427, Yardymli 271 and 114) all mortal incidents, including the mortal incidents connected with neurologic diseases were analysed. It was established that seasonal character of death risk objectively exists and covers all mortal incidents happening for any reasons, and also connected with neurologic diseases. Regularity of increase of mortality risk was observed in spring and reduction - in autumn. In administrative regions in different months change of mortality risk was various. In winter, in summer and in autumn the mortality risk was in Astara at one level; whereas, in winter in Lenkoran and Yardymli, in autumn in Masalli and in summer in Lerik the mortality risk was at the lowest level. Seasonal character of mortality risk and its various properties on administrative regions can depend also on medicoorganizing actions.
SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS IN CHILDREN WITH PROBLEMS OF OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENT
Authors: Maksudova H.N. , Yulbarsov O.B.
Published: May 2024

The article describes the process of sound perception, detailing sensorineural hearing loss, which is a form of hearing loss when affected any of the sites of sound reciever of the auditory analyzer, from the sensory cells of the inner ear, and ending with the cortical representation in the temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex. This article covers treatments of sensorineural hearing loss, depending on severity, incidence and causes of its occurrence.
INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE IN INFANTS WITH LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND SURGICAL TREATMENTS
Authors: Aliyeva S.A.
Published: May 2024

The questions of pathogenesis and surgical treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage and hydrocephalus posthemorrhagic. We present the latest methods of surgical treatment of this disease in preterm infants.
STROKES IN ECOLOGIAL DISADVANTAGE ZONE ARAL SEE
Authors: Kilichev I.A. , Hudayberganov N.Y. , Adambaev Z.I.
Published: May 2024

Strokes in region Aral See are characterized by prevalence of the sick able-bodied age (the average age 57 years) and the main reason of all forms of Strokes is hypertension disease (58%). Comparatively high specific gravity hemorrhagic stroke (4:1). The most disadvantage month in Urgenche for sick with serebrovasculary diseases are: January, February, March, May and December, and critical days are a days with III-IY types of the weather with spastic and hypoxic effects of atmosphere.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO (DPPG) IN PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Korsunska L.L. , Meshcheryakova A.V.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the structural features of benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV) to gender differences in the comprehensive assessment of the epidemiology of vestibular dysfunction in women of perimenopausal period, allowing for flow of advanced reproductive disorders and medical background correction dishormonal states.
PRE-SURGERY MR-VISUALIZATION OF THE EPILEPTOGENIC SUPRATENTORIAL BRAIN TUMORS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Khalilov V.S. , Kholin A.A. , Vasiliev I.G. , Rasskazchikova I.V. , Kislyakov A.N. , Ismailova R.R. , Zavadenko N.N.
Published: May 2024

Symptomatic focal epilepsies are commonly caused by the supratentorial brain tumors in chtldren. Among the 79 pediatric patients with supratentorial brain tumors 56 patients had symptomatic epilepsy (69,3%). The most epileptogenic tumors were dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNET), diffuse astrocytomas (DA) and gangliogliomas (GG). In all the cases of DNET and in 4 patients with GG epileptic seizures were the first manifestation, and in 4 of 5 cases of DNEO they were the only clinical sign of tumor. On the neuroimaging the MR-features of DNET, DA and GG were represented by iso- or hypointensive signal on T1 weighted image (WI) and varying in intensity from moderate to hyperintensive signal in T2 and FLAIR WI, while in cases with DNET and GG practically no mass effect and perifocal edema were seen, and on FLAIR WI the so-called "spume-like" (multicystic) structure was most clearly observed. During the follow up period no significant changes in the dimensions of identified DNET and GG were observed. In one case the combination of DNET with focal cortical dysplasia was noted. In DA it is difficult to distinguish the perifocal edema from tumorous tissue and normal brain tissue, and the growth potential of tumor is slow. The contrast enhancement of these tumors is ambiguous. Along with DNET (which is epileptogenic in 100% of cases), the most epileptogenic brain tumors are DA (in 91.7% of cases) and GG (in 80% of cases) which should be excluded in drug-resistant cases of focal epilepsy.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF NON-MOTOR DISPLAYS OF THE PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND VASCULAR PARKINSONISM
Authors: Khalimova Kh.M. , Raimova M.M. , Matmurodov R.J. , Abdullayeva M.B. , Ergashev U. , Halimmatova M.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the research: To conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency and nature of the non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD) and vascular parkinsonism (VP). Material and Methods. The research was carried out in 153 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 69 patients with vascular parkinsonism (VP). Clinical and neurological studies, assessment of the severity of emotional disorders using g scale HADS, cognitive function was examined by the scale MMSE. Results. Autonomic disturbances were observed in 2.5 times more likely in patients with PD and 85% in patients with VP, they were observed by us in 30% of patients. Among autonomic dysfunctions in patients with PD, the most frequently observed general hyperhidrosis, voiding, and constipation. . In patients with VP autonomic disorders occurred less often than patients with PD, however, the severity and frequency of occurrence of orthostatic hypotension was higher in VP compared with PD. Among emotional disorders in PD one of the most frequent was a depressive syndrome. It was observed in 58.8% of patients, while in the group with vascular parkinsonism its frequency was 30.4%. Level of depression of HADS in PD was statistically higher than VP patients. Cognitive impairment developed in both groups, approximately at the same percentage of cases; however, the degree of cognitive impairment was higher in the group of patients with VP.
THE ROLE OF ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY IN ACUTE STROKE
Authors: Mammadov J. , Garayeva J.
Published: May 2024

Stroke is the 3rd reason of death in developed countries. Improving the results of treatment will give the improvement in the social life of people, and also reduce the costs to society. The goal of good results is early revascularization, education of the society, the treatment of these patients in specialized professional stroke centers. Recently there are a lot of new technologies devices which give us the opportunity for early revascularization.
ANGIOGENESIS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Authors: Madjidova Y.N. , Rasulova Kh.A. , Fakhargalieva S.R.
Published: May 2024

In the present review, we provide a brief overview of studies on angiogenesis in Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD develops from the death of brain cells in a few restricted areas of the brain. The disease was first discovered and its symptoms documented in 1817 (Essay on the Shaking Palsy) by the British physician Dr. James Parkinson; the associated biochemical changes in the brain of patients were identified in the 1960s.
THE OPTIMIZATION PATHOGENETIC THERAPY OF A STROKE
Authors: Mirdjuraev E.M. , Bakhadirova M.A. , Ergasheva N.O.
Published: May 2024

There were conduced researches of efficiency and safety of application of the antagonist of glutamate NMDA-receptors at patients in the acute period of a stroke. As a medical therapy has been chosen PK-Mertz. Against the background of treatment in the main group it was noted reduction of neurologic deficiency on a scale NIHSS for 39.1% (р<0.005). At the same time the good effect was observed at patients with a slight stroke (assessment on NIHSS<7). It doesn’t depend on age and subtype of ischemic stroke.
POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION. AWARENESS OF HEALTH WORKERS OF AZERBAIJAN IN THE FIELD OF PALLIATIVE CARE - THE NEED OF THE HEALTH DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Garakhanova M.S.
Published: May 2024

In Azerbaijan, the process of general education and training of health workers of palliative care has received little attention. In this regard, the country can choose a policy and program of development this field in order to improve the quality of care for seriously ill patients. Provision of medical care, especially in progressive and serious deaseses, associated with more complex ethical issues. Therefore, it is important to inform and study these issues and appropriate training of health care workers. In this connection, it is advisable to include information on palliative care in the educational programs of postgraduate training of medical workers of the country. Health care providers should be well trained in the field of palliative care, to be able to receive training and support in the workplace to acquire and use new skills. Everyone, especially the worker in the field of health care, may also participate in public awareness of palliative care.
ASSOCIATION OF BETA BLOCKER USE AND COPD MORTALITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Setyo Irawan Dwi Wahyu , Chrisdiono Hermawan
Published: May 2024

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) it is currently the third greatest cause of mortality worldwide and one of the main causes of morbidity
Aims: This systematic review is to review the association of beta blocker use and COPD mortality.
Methods: This study demonstrated compliance with all requirements by means of a comparison with the standards established by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020. Thus, the specialists were able to guarantee that the research was as current as feasible. Publications released between 2014 and 2024 were considered for this search strategy. This was accomplished by utilizing a number of distinct online reference sites, including Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and SagePub. It was determined that reviews, previously published works, and partially completed works would not be included.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 249 articles, whereas the results of our search on SCIENCE DIRECT brought up 18.876 articles, our search on SAGEPUB brought up 4.844 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2014 yielded a total 131 articles for PubMed, 6.875 articles for SCIENCE DIRECT and 1.840 articles for SAGEPUB. In the end, we compiled a total of 8 papers, 5 of which came from PubMed, 2 of which came from SCIENCE DIRECT and 1 of which came from SAGEPUB. We included eight research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: In summary, beta blockers showed the effect to reduce the exacerbation or exacerbation related mortality of COPD in some cases. More studies needed in the future for more evidence of the use of beta blockers as the treatments in patients with COPD.
Geopatial Technologies in Civil Engineering : A Critical Literature
Authors: Muhammad Ade Kurnia Harahap  , Hamka Wakkang  , Andre Oktavio  , Rian Mitasari  , Aat Ruchiat Nungraha  , Alek Irawan Triantho
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the role of geospatial technologies in enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of civil engineering projects. Geospatial technologies, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, and spatial analysis, have revolutionized the field of civil engineering by providing critical tools for planning, design, construction, and management of infrastructure projects. The integration of these technologies enables accurate terrain mapping, real-time monitoring, and data-driven decision-making, which are crucial for ensuring the safety, sustainability, and resilience of modern infrastructure. This research aims to explore the applications of geospatial technologies in various civil engineering projects, including highway planning, urban development, and environmental monitoring. The study also examines the potential benefits and limitations of these technologies and provides recommendations for their effective integration into civil engineering practices. By understanding the impact of geospatial technologies on civil engineering projects, this research aims to contribute to the development of more efficient, sustainable, and resilient infrastructure that supports the needs of modern society.
Evaluation of Smart Home Platform Based on Blockchain
Authors: I Gde Dharma Nugraha  , Yoarana Hosea
Published: May 2024

A smart home consists of various sensors and actuators that can communicate with each other. In addition, various home appliances have similar capabilities. Therefore, the smart home became one of the applications of the Internet of Things (IoT). In this application, arise the challenges caused by the integration of various devices that came from various vendors have a different data format and keeps the data's security. Blockchain has been proposed as one solution to address these challenges. In this paper, we investigate and evaluate the performance of the blockchain-based solution for smart home IoT. Our experiment results show that the Blockchain can secure the IoT-based smart home, but it took47% longer for packet delivery.
A High Gain Concurrent Dual-band Low-Noise Amplifier in 130-nm BiCMOS Technology
Authors: Kurniawan Taufiq Alif , Maritza Afiya
Published: May 2024

This paper presents a fully integrated concurrent 15/30-GHz dual-band low-noise amplifier (LNA).  The proposed concurrent LNA IC is designed and simulated in 130-nm BiCMOS technology.   The new passive LC notch filter is proposed to realize high gain and low noise figure over dual-band frequency, simultaneously.   The simulated BiCMOS LNA IC has exhibited peak gains of 30.1/23.7 dB at 15/30-GHz, respectively, with 20-mW power consumption from 1-V supply.   The concurrent dual-band LNA achieves noise figure of 2.2/2.9-dB and IIP3 of -18.2/-8.8 dBm at the respective passbands.  Therefore, the proposed dual band concurrent LNA IC is applicable to front-end RF receivers for Ku-Band and Ka-Band systems.
ANALISIS PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PEMERINTAH DALAM PENGALIHAN SUBSIDI BBM GUNA PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE TREE ANALYSIS
Authors: Erika Sri Nurhadi  , Galuh Ayu Bunga Tiara  , Revienda Anita Fitrie
Published: May 2024

Pemerintah mengalihkan subsidi BBM sesuai dengan sasaran penerima dan untuk menyeimbangkan kemampuan APBN dalam menghadapi tantangan perekonomian global. Peraturan Presiden Nomor 98 Tahun 2022 menetapkan anggaran subsidi sebesar Rp 502,4 triliun, tetapi dialihkan karena kemampuan APBN yang terbatas dan tujuan untuk mendistribusikan subsidi dengan lebih tepat sasaran. Tujuan dari penulisan ini untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengambilan keputusan dari pemerintah dalam pengalihan subsidi BBM guna pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat di Indonesia dilihat menggunakan metode Tree Analysis. Hasil yang ditemukan penulis dalam menggunakan tree analysis terdapat tiga aspek penyebab yakni aspek anggaran, aspek sasaran dan aspek lingkungan. Karena harga minyak mentah melonjak, pemerintah memutuskan untuk mengatasi beban APBN yang semakin meningkat dengan mengalihkan subsidi BBM dan menyesuaikan harga terhadap jeni-jenis minyak mentah yang menerima subsidi. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara (APBN) dan memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat.
Which Constitutional Provisions Are Most Important?
Authors: Albert Richard , Barak-Corren Netta , Brinks Daniel M. , Chilton Adam , Dixon Rosalind , Elkins Zachary , Ginsburg Tom , Hirschl Ran , Landau David , Moran Ashley , Tew Yvonne , Versteeg Mila
Published: May 2024

National constitutions codify provisions on a wide range of topics, ranging from presidential term limits to the country’s flag. But are all constitutional provisions equally important? Some are likely to be particularly consequential for how governments function, while others are likely to be largely symbolic. To date, there has been little research on the relative importance of constitutional provisions. To explore current thinking on this subject, we assembled a group of twelve comparative constitutional scholars to rate the relative importance of 340 constitutional provisions to the functioning of a country’s government. These aggregate ratings make three contributions to constitutional studies: (1) provide evidence on the current state of academic thought on the comparative importance of constitutional provisions; (2) establish an index of constitutional importance to be used in future research projects; and (3) offer a roadmap that could help direct research to provisions that may be more likely to have significant impacts on governance-related outcomes.
Acompañamiento docente y diversidad: el caso de alumnos con aptitudes sobresalientes
Authors: Pedraza-Martínez Oralia , Pérez-Gómez Adán , Cáceres-Mesa Maritza Librada
Published: May 2024

The need to make visible students with outstanding aptitudes and, above all, identify a path by which the different educational figures guide this process, is the main objective of this work aimed at establishing the characterization of the role of these important actors in education, in relation to the help that students need in this representation of human diversity in schools. For this reason, the research was carried out in pedagogical articles and books that would allow us to understand some characteristic features of the educational figures that would make possible the inclusion of students with outstanding aptitudes in the classroom, in an inclusive learning environment in which students with disabilities or diverse educational needs participate in classes along with the rest of their classmates without the presence of barriers associated with learning or participation. This approach promotes the inclusion of all students in a diverse learning environment. Therefore, it is important to recognize that currently, the role of both the teacher and the director have changed to respond to the demands not only of training, but also of performance within an increasingly diverse classroom; and this is related to the concept of accompaniment as a central axis in this process in which the continuous training relationship between manager-teacher is carried out; understanding this accompaniment as the collaborative learning and professional development that educators carry out throughout their entire career.
Analítica web y métricas de resultados: evaluación de la efectividad de las estrategias digitales
Authors: Chunir-Panjon Rommel Philip , Vásquez-Erazo Edwin Joselito , Álvarez-Gavilanes Juan Edmundo
Published: May 2024

Web analytics involves applying data analysis to the information collected by a website to understand traffic patterns and user behavior. The evaluation of web analytics in the tourism sector in Cuenca, Ecuador, sought to improve digital strategies through a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach. A correlation was observed between age and the frequency of consulting statistics on tourism websites, with greater participation of young people. In addition, a significant interest in receiving personalized recommendations was highlighted, with about 40 % expressing definite interest. The willingness to provide feedback and participate in the improvement of online services was widespread. The Internet was positioned as the main source of tourism information, with an emphasis on the use of social networks. These findings highlight the importance of digital marketing strategies and optimization for mobile devices in the tourism industry.
La auditoría forense: un análisis integral desde una perspectiva conceptual y metodológica
Authors: Duchitanga-Plasencia Ángel Eduardo , Zapata-Sánchez Pedro Enrique
Published: May 2024

In the field of forensic auditing, corporate fraud detection is addressed through a comprehensive approach. In this sense, the objective of this study is to evaluate the existing practical approaches in this discipline to determine their effectiveness and contribution to the field. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive review of the specialized literature is conducted, focusing on methodologies, tools and techniques used in forensic auditing. The results reveal the importance of understanding the causes of fraud, the applicability of the Fraud Triangle as a conceptual model, the importance of internal control based on the COSO framework, and the need to follow good practices and have solid action plans. It is concluded that forensic auditing plays an essential role in detecting and responding to corporate fraud, and that continuous evaluation of practical approaches is paramount to improving the effectiveness of this discipline in the fight against fraud.
Gestión de la innovación y la tecnología para orientar la educación financiera a las familias guayaquileñas
Authors: Rojas-López Clotilde Lorena , Torres-Cedeño Luis Fernando , Morales-Calatayud Marianela , Chiquito-Chilan Roxana
Published: May 2024

The work presented addresses the field of financial education and its necessity, starting from the identification of gaps within the surveyed population among families in the city of Guayaquil. There is a significant demand among young adults and those with lower incomes, indicating the urgency to provide tools and resources to improve personal financial management. Additionally, the widespread preference for interactive learning methods, such as applications and games, underscores the need to integrate technology and innovative approaches into financial education programs to increase participation and engagement. The diversity in educational and socioeconomic levels within the sample emphasizes the importance of designing programs that are accessible and adaptable to different demographic profiles, which implies offering a variety of resources and learning modalities to meet the individual needs of the population. Lastly, the low prior participation in financial education programs highlights the need to increase awareness and promotion of these programs among the population, involving implementing effective dissemination strategies to inform people about the availability and benefits of financial education. Taken together, these findings support the importance of developing financial education programs that are accessible, innovative, and tailored to the needs of the target population, in order to promote greater financial literacy and contribute to overall economic well-being.
La mediación y la factibilidad de aplicación en los procesos contravencionales de violencia contra la mujer y miembros del núcleo familiar en el Ecuador
Authors: Barragán-García José Gabriel , Guailla-Naula Sandra Cecilia
Published: May 2024

The Ecuadorian State maintains a legal system with a guarantees tint, which is why it protects the constitutional rights of the legal subjects that inhabit it. However, the Ecuadorian culture itself has been responsible for establishing inequalities, putting women in a situation of vulnerability, causing gender violence that, currently in Ecuador, has increased drastically. Through this research, we seek to analyze the way in which mediation as an alternative method of conflict resolution can help women who are victims of violence without having to exhaust judicial instances, which on many occasions becomes ineffective due to the very nature of these. criminal infractions, as well as due to the procedural congestion that exists within the Judicial Units Against Violence against Women and Members of the Family Nucleus. Through a qualitative research approach, which will allow observing the object of study to determine if it is appropriate and above all the feasibility of mediation as a tool for contravention procedures of violence against women or members of the family nucleus, in order to counteract this conflict quickly and effectively.
Evaluación de riesgos en auditoría de gestión: un análisis de enfoques y métodos
Authors: Loaiza-Tapia Jimmy Araldo , Torres-Negrete Azucena de las Mercedes
Published: May 2024

Performance auditing has evolved over time from a focus on error and fraud detection to a more comprehensive and strategic approach. The main objective of this study was to analyze and compare traditional and modern approaches to performance auditing. A non-experimental and qualitative methodological approach was used, based on a documentary review of indexed academic sources. The results revealed a significant transition in auditing practices, with the modern approach oriented towards continuous improvement and risk anticipation. The importance of adopting advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, to improve audit efficiency and effectiveness was highlighted. In conclusion, performance auditing plays a conclusive role in process improvement and informed decision making, contributing to the achievement of organizational objectives and the maintenance of high standards of performance and transparency.
La auditoría de cumplimiento tributario como herramienta de detección y prevención de riesgos fiscales
Authors: Jaramillo-Armijos Jessica Mariela , Jaramillo-Armijos Jessica Mariela , Torres-Palacios Mireya Magdalena
Published: May 2024

Tax auditing is a fundamental practice in financial management, evolving from its origins in Great Britain to become an essential global tool. Its objective is to evaluate and verify financial information to ensure regulatory compliance and transparency. This study analyzed good practices in tax audits, highlighting the importance of planning, impartiality and regulatory compliance. Innovative methodologies, such as data analysis and risk-based auditing, were also explored to improve process efficiency. The results highlighted the need for effective tax management and the prevention of economic crises in organizations. In conclusion, tax auditing is crucial to ensure compliance with tax obligations and improve the financial management of organizations, promoting transparency and efficiency in the management of financial resources.
Editorial
Authors: Pino-Sera PhD. Yamilka
Published: May 2024

Estimados lectores, a continuación les presentamos el segundo número del séptimo volumen de la Revista Metropolitana de Ciencias Aplicadas (REMCA), titulado: “Prácticas sociales, docentes y humanísticas: desafíos actuales”. Esta edición reúne una amplia gama de artículos que analizan, con un enfoque transdisciplinar, temas cruciales para las ciencias sociales, humanísticas, pedagógicas y jurídicas.
En este número se exponen investigaciones relacionadas con los incentivos fiscales; con la ética en la región latinoamericana; aportes sobre la evaluación de riesgos.
En el campo de estudio de la educación son cruciales los temas relacionados con la misión de la universidad actual y los retos que hoy en día se le imponen a los docentes al trabajar con alumnos de alto rendimiento o con aquellos que necesitan atención especial.
Con este número se responde a las principales demandas de la ciencia del Derecho, pues examinamos la novedad del papel del curador; el impacto de las reformas tributarias en las PyMES ecuatorianas; el cumplimiento tributario como herramienta de detección y prevención de riesgos fiscales; el principio de presunción de inocencia, entre otras investigaciones que al leer este número conocerás.
Por consiguiente, el Consejo Editorial espera que, como siempre, este número brinde información meritoria y estimule el debate académico de los profesionales que acostumbran a visitarnos; por lo que les agradecemos a nuestros investigadores por sus contribuciones y a nuestros lectores por su continuo e imprescindible apoyo.
Sistema automatizado para el control de los procesos sustantivos de Vinculación con la sociedad de la carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Información de la UMET
Authors: De la Rosa-Martín Tonysé , Brito-Vallina María Lucía
Published: May 2024

The following research presents a system to optimize the control of the processes of Linkage with society within the Information Systems Engineering career at the Metropolitan University of Ecuador (UMET). Currently, the management of students' academic information is affected by the dispersion of data in printed documents, which makes access and a prompt response to the information requirements formulated in the different processes difficult. Currently, career procedures are carried out manually, which leads to the loss of documents and the possibility that coordinators forget to provide answers about the current status of the processes that students are carrying out. The proposed system seeks to mitigate these problems, providing support to both the process coordinator and the student. The system makes it easier for the coordinator to keep precise control of which students are immersed in each process and in what phase they are. Additionally, it allows you to approve or reject the documentation associated with the process, ensuring that it is completed correctly. This procedure is essential so that the coordinator can approve the process and the student obtains a certificate that validates their participation in said activity, essential for their degree. In addition, the system offers students the possibility of enrolling in any of the available processes and completing them efficiently. All the documentation necessary to carry out the process in which you register will be available in the system, thus facilitating your participation and contributing to a more fluid and efficient experience.