bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abstracts of the 82nd Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia
Authors: Ievinsh Gederts
Published: April 2024

Mališevs A., Makarova S., Konvisers G., Ķibilds J., Labecka L., Valciņa O., Grantiņa-Ieviņa L. Diversity of bacteria in drinking water samples from apartment buildings and hotels due to the incidence of Legionella spp. andfree-living protozoa
Gailīte A., Ruņģis D.E. First steps in in situ conservation of crop wild relatives in Latvia 
Grantiņa-Ieviņa L., Ķibilds J., Kovaļčuka L., Boikmanis G., Ortlova K., Mališevs A., Bebre E., Ievinsh G. Monitoring of ruderal rapeseed populations in areas potentially contaminated with genetically modified plants
Purmale L., Ievinsh G. Comparison of salt tolerance of Tripolium pannonicum in tissue culture using agar-solidified and liquid medium with a temporary immersion system 
Boikmanis G., Šteingolde Ž., Ķibilds J., Grantiņa-Ieviņa L., Bērziņš A. Incidence of Coxiella burnetii DNA in milk samples of dairy cows in the years 2022 – 2023
Kotova A., Orlovskis Z., Pugačevskis D., Voroņins Ē., Jae-Lee S. Characterisation of arbuscular mycorrhiza-mediated intra- and inter-plant defence pre-activation and priming responses in Daucus carota
Pugačevskis D., Kotova A., Voroņins Ē., Jae-Lee S., Orlovskis Z. Investigation of arbuscular mycorrhiza-mediated systemic and inter-plant defence responses in Medicago trucatula
Voroņins Ē., Kotova A., Pugačevskis D., Orlovskis Z., Jae-Lee S. Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal mediated inter-plant signaling in Medicago truncatula resistance to fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium sporotrichoides
DAMPAK PERCERAIAN TERHADAP PSIKOLOGIS, EMOSIONAL DAN MENTAL ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Syarif Muhammad
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Every human being certainly has the hope of building a family which is the goal of marriage law, namely building a good familysakinah, mawaddah wa rahmah. However, there are various factors that cause the breakdown and destruction of a household so that they choose to divorce. The consequences of the divorce will damage the relationship between husband and wife and have an impact on the psychological, emotional and mental well-being of the child.Collecting data with a literature study approach (library research), which is done by searching for data or research information through reading scientific journals, reference books and publication materials available in various sources. The results of this study indicate that husband and wife sometimes have to face problems in their household life, the emergence of problems in the household can be caused by many things including economic factors, lack of sense of responsibility, differences in outlook on life which can result in a household crisis. A woman who is about to become a widow doesn't think about what other people think of her because according to her this is her life and she is the one who is going through it all, it's just that there is guilt for her child when she has to get a divorce. Of course there is an impact of divorce that will arise on the psychological development of their children, trying so that their children do not lose the love of a father.

Keywords: Impact of Divorce, Psychological, Emotional and Mental Development of Children, Islamic Law.

Abstrak: Setiap manusia tentunya memiliki harapan untuk membangun keluarga yang menjadi tujuan dari hukum perkawinan yaitu membangun keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah wa rahmah. Namun ada berbagai faktor penyebab rusaknya dan kehancuran suatu rumah tangga sehingga memilih untuk bercerai. Akibat dari perceraian tersebut akan merusak hubungan suami istri serta berdampak pada psikologis, emosional dan mental anak. Pengumpulan data dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan (library research), yang dilakukan dengan mencari data atau informasi riset melalui membaca jurnal ilmiah, buku-buku referensi dan bahan-bahan publikasi yang tersedia di berbagai sumber. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasangan suami istri terkadang harus menghadapi permasalahan dalam kehidupan rumah tangganya, munculnya permasalahan dalam rumah tangga dapat disebabkan oleh banyak hal diantaranya faktor ekonomi, tidak adanya rasa tanggung jawab, perbedaan pandangan hidup yang dapat mengakibatkan rumah tangga krisis. Wanita yang akan menjadi janda tidak memikirkan pandangan orang lain terhadap dirinya karena menurutnya ini adalah hidupnya dan dialah yang menjalani itu semua, hanya saja ada rasa bersalah pada anaknya ketika harus bercerai. Tentunya ada dampak perceraian yang akan timbul terhadap perkembangan psikologis anaknya, berusaha agar anaknya tidak kehilangan kasih sayang seorang ayah.

Kata Kunci: Dampak Perceraian, Perkembangan Psikologi, Emosional dan Mental Anak, Hukum Islam.
Economic and Legal Nature of Sanctions: Degree of Their Legality and Efficiency In Terms of International Law
Authors: Rodionova E. S.
Published: April 2024

With the increase in the number of international legal obligations and the absence of centralized institutional enforcement, economic coercion has become increasingly widespread as a tool for ensuring compliance with international law. The purpose of this work is to study the concept of “sanctions / unilateral restrictive measures” in the framework of the political, legal and economic analysis. Due to the lack of a common understanding of the nature of unilateral restrictive measures, the author analyzes and highlights the main features of sanctions. Based on the features identified, the author formulated a definition that is universal for most modern jurisdictions. Sanctions are understood as extraterritorial measures and/or restrictions in the economic sector used by the initiating state (or a group of such states) unilaterally for the purpose of political coercion of the target state. The paper argues for the need for a clear separation of multilateral and unilateral sanctions, the latter of which do not have a sufficient degree of legality in terms of international law. A solution to the problem of the lack of an established standard for assessing the effectiveness of economic sanctions is also proposed by clearly specifying the criteria and fixing them in international practice and regulatory documents. It is concluded that the use of the term “restrictive economic measures” instead of the term “sanctions” is legally more correct. The necessity of unification of international legal norms regulating the procedure, possibility and consequences of the application of unilateral sanctions is pointed out.
ANTI-CANCER PROPERTIES OF LOCALLY AVAILABLE NATURAL PRODUCTS IN MALAYSIA AGAINST COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors: Gururuloo Sarminiyy Lenga , Shahpudin Siti Nurfatimah Mohd , Sandai Doblin Anak , Md Salleh Md Salzihan
Published: April 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a significant worldwide health issue among Malaysians. It has become the second most common disease among men and women, with an increased mortality rate in recent years. CRC cases can be reduced with a healthy diet by increasing natural product intake. However, today most of the commercialized natural products for CRC prevention are imported and costly, which makes 80% of the Malaysian population could hardly afford them due to low and middle household income. Therefore, the present study summarizes the list of local tropical natural products that have remarkable medicinal properties effective on CRC, which are easily accessible for Malaysians, ways to consume them at home, and the economic prospects. This narrative review reviews the latest natural products' properties against CRC, excluding the plants examined in previous studies. The keywords utilized to identify the relevant articles were “Malaysia," "Colorectal Cancer," “Natural products," “Anticancer," "Antidiarrheal," "Mucositis," and "Vomit/Nausea" through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Conclusion: In conclusion, the locally available natural products have excellent medicinal properties against colorectal cancer with enormous potential medicinal properties in treating CRC and chemotherapy-induced toxicity that Malaysians can use to improve their well-being.
Hepatitis B virus counters intracellular antiviral responses by saturating APOBEC/AID enzymes with rcDNA
Authors: Kostyushev Dmitry S , Brezgin Sergey , Kostyusheva Anastasiya , Ponomareva Natalia , Tikhonov Andrey , Kachanov Artyom , Gegechkori Vladimir , Goptar Irina , Sokolova Darina , Babaeva Gulya , Ivanov Alexander V. , Pokrovsky Vadim S. , Lukashev Alexander , Chulanov Vladimir
Published: April 2024

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes severe liver disease by establishing
persistent infection in human hepatocytes. Current medications suppress
viral replication but cannot eliminate the virus from infected cells.
Efforts are focused on modulating intracellular immunity to develop new
therapies targeting the major genomic form of HBV, known as covalently
closed circular DNA (cccDNA). One potential approach involves utilizing
cytidine deaminases APOBEC/AID, which have the ability to mutate and
degrade HBV cccDNA. Our study reveals a novel evasion strategy used by
HBV to counteract APOBEC/AID immunity and maintain a viral reservoir
within the nuclei of infected cells by saturating these enzymes with
relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA), the primary target of cytidine deaminases.
Reducing rcDNA levels by siRNA or lamivudine or by using
transcriptionally silenced cccDNA enhances cccDNA deamination by major
APOBEC/AID enzymes. We also demonstrate severe deamination of the host
genome by APOBEC3A, APOBEC3B, and AID upon viral suppression by siRNA or
lamivudine, indicating that APOBEC/AID cannot be regarded as safe for
antiviral treatment in cells with low HBV replication levels. Finally,
we show that APOBEC3C and APOBEC3H can improve anti-HBV activity of
siRNA therapeutics but do not affect cccDNA deamination. Off-site
deamination for these factors was not detected at selected
cancer-related genes.
A Narrative Review On The Effects Of Exercise Intervention On Cognitive Function In Elderly Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Liu Shiqi , Wang Kun , Zhang Tingran , Yang Yi , Luo Jiong
Published: April 2024

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is regarded as the early stage of
Dementia, which has negative correlation in cognitive behavior,
neuroelectrophysiology, and brain structure. This article reviews
literature focusing on the impact of fitness exercise intervention on
elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment. The results indicate
that aerobic fitness exercise intervention can enhance biochemical
indicators and brain activity, while aerobic Tai Chi intervention can
improve general cognitive and executive performance; The intervention of
“aerobic+resistance” fitness exercise has a better effect on improving
memory function; the combination of “multiple fitness exercises” and
“fitness exercises+cognitive training” can improve executive function
and prevent brain atrophy.
Macronutrients, the microbiome, and illness-induced feeding behavior: Do macronutrients shape avian immune responses?
Authors: Love Ashley , Tabb Victoria , Youssef Noha H. , Wilder Shawn , DuRant Sarah
Published: April 2024

Macronutrients, such as proteins and fats, play a vital role in host
immunity and can influence host-pathogen dynamics, potentially through
dietary effects on gut microbiota. To increase our understanding of how
feeding behavior and macronutrient selection are influenced by a direct
and perceived immune threat and whether shifts in macronutrient intake
affect the composition of the gut microbiome, we conducted two
experiments. First, we determined if zebra finches (Taeniopygia
guttata) exhibit shifts in physiology and gut microbiota when fed diets
differing in macronutrient ratios. Second, we simulated an infection in
birds using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and
quantified feeding behavior in immune challenged and control
individuals, as well as birds housed near either a control pair (no
immune threat), or birds housed near a pair given an immune challenge
with LPS (social cue of heightened infection risk). We also examined
whether social cues of infection alter physiological responses relevant
to responding to an immune threat, an effect that could be mediated
through shifts in feeding behavior. In the first experiment, protein
diets decreased the abundance of the bacterial Phylum Campylobacterota.
Further, diet treatment disrupted relationships between gut microbiota
alpha diversity and physiological metrics. In the second experiment, LPS
induced a reduction in caloric intake driven by a decrease in protein,
but not fat consumption. No evidence was found for socially induced
shifts in feeding behavior, physiology, or gut microbiota. However, fat
consumption decreased gut microbial diversity regardless of treatment.
Our findings carry implications for host health, as sickness-induced
anorexia and diet-induced shifts in the microbiome could shape
host-pathogen interactions.
Resistance to daratumumab in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Iversen Katrine Fladeland
Published: April 2024

MM is an incurable cancer in the bone marrow. The treatment of MM has
developed significantly during the last 20 years, which has resulted in
increased survival. Daratumumab is the first CD38 antibody approved for
treatment of MM. It has improved the treatment of MM even further. This
is an evaluation of the modes of action of daratumumab and a description
of the development of resistance with focus on inhibitory checkpoint
receptors on CD8+ T-cells, complement activation and extracellular
vesicles.
Student textual feedback sentiment analysis using machine learning techniques to improve the quality of education
Authors: Ahmed Naseer , Khouro Mansoor Ahmed , Khan Afrasiyab , Dawood Muhammad , Dootio Mazhar Ali , Jan Najeeb Ullah
Published: April 2024

Several educational institutions worldwide work hard to obtain student feedback to explore their views on the courses and faculty. This feedback is utilized to enhance the institution’s environment. In this modern world, institutes use data or feedback collection techniques. Still, they do not have proper techniques to analyze and use this data to improve the institute's educational quality from such textual feedback. This study presents techniques for analyzing the sentiments of student textual feedback. In this paper, machine learning methods, including Random Forest, Multinomial Nave Bayes Classifier, and Long Short-Term Memory, are applied. These methods are compared, and the experimental findings show that Long Short-Term Memory provides higher accuracy than other techniques.
An Examination of Auditor-Provided Tax Services and Tax-Related Regulator Scrutiny
Authors: Axelton Zhuoli , Inger Kerry K. , Mathis Mollie E. , Sadler Abbie E.
Published: April 2024

This study examines the association between auditor-provided tax services (APTS) and two types of tax-specific regulator scrutiny: tax disclosure scrutiny and tax authority scrutiny. Our results show that APTS are positively associated with tax disclosure scrutiny, measured as the receipt of a tax-related SEC comment letter. We also find that APTS is positively associated with tax authority scrutiny, reflected through relatively greater releases of uncertain tax benefit reserves due to settlements with tax authorities than due to lapses in statutes of limitations. These findings reveal regulator scrutiny as a meaningful cost for firms engaging in APTS because firms must expend valuable resources responding to concerns and defending disclosures and tax positions. In additional analyses, we find that the association between APTS and tax disclosure scrutiny is concentrated in firms where client importance to the auditor is high.
The Credit Rating Agency Market in Africa: Landscape and Future Research Directions
Authors: Pillay Saveshen , Sikochi Anywhere
Published: April 2024

We explore the role of credit ratings in global markets and highlight potential opportunities for research on the African credit rating agency market. We trace the evolution of credit ratings and conduct a comprehensive literature review of existing studies globally that explore determinants, properties, and capital market impacts of credit ratings. We then evaluate the African credit rating agency landscape, showcasing the contribution of local credit rating agencies. We end by suggesting research areas that could leverage the characteristics of the African context. We also highlight recent calls for public sector credit rating agencies as an alternative approach to solving persistent rating coverage gaps. Overall, our paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the credit rating landscape in Africa, offering insights into its challenges, opportunities, and future research directions.
COVID-19 Human Capital Management Response and Firm Value
Authors: Mayew William J. , Zhang Yuan
Published: April 2024

We examine whether corporate human capital management responses to the COVID-19 pandemic (COVIDHCM) have implications for firm value. We exploit newly mandated SEC human capital disclosures in 10-K filings to measure COVIDHCM investments. To validate our measure, we first show that our COVIDHCM measure is positively associated with how favorably employees view the firm’s pandemic response. We then examine the association between COVIDHCM investment and firm value. We find favorable COVIDHCM investment valuation effects appear only as financial flexibility increases. Financial flexibility pertains to the firm’s cash balance at the onset of the pandemic and captures resources that can facilitate investment during the pandemic. We also find that as financial flexibility increases, COVIDHCM investment is positively associated with overall employee satisfaction and employee productivity. Overall, the results suggest firm actions to protect employees’ welfare were value enhancing during the global pandemic, but only for firms with sufficient financial flexibility.

Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
HUBUNGAN PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH DAN PERFORMA BIBIT DI LAPANG PADA BEBERAPA VARIETAS TERUNG HIBRIDA
Authors: Hariyono Kacung , Nathaniel Talitha
Published: April 2024

Benih dengan mutu tinggi akan menunjukkan hasil uji laboratorium dan lapang yang tinggi. Analisis hubungan uji perkecambahan benih di laboratorium dengan performa bibit di lapang perlu dilakukan agar nilai hasil pengujian mutu benih sesuai dengan kondisi benih sesungguhnya.  Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui korelasi perkecambahan benih terung hibrida di laboratorium dengan performa bibit di lapang. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium dan green house PT. East West Seed Indonesia pada bulan Januari hingga Februari 2022. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat varietas benih terung hibrida sebagai perlakuan dengan empat ulangan. Tolak ukur yang diamati di laboratorium meliputi daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, dan kecepatan tumbuh, sedangkan tolak ukur yang diamati di green house meliputi daya tumbuh dan rataan waktu pemunculan bibit di lapang (MET). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat korelasi kuat baik positif atau negatif antara parameter pengujian benih di laboratorium dengan di green house. Kata kunci:  Mutu Benih, Kemunculan Bibit, Viabilitas.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Vulvar Cancer. Literature Review
Authors: Menshikov К. V.
Published: April 2024

Vulvar cancer is a fairly rare pathology. One of the factors in its aggressive course is the high metastatic potential of such tumors. The presence of metastases in inguinal lymph nodes constitutes a major prognostic factor. Starting from a 1-mm depth of invasion (FIGO IB), the risk of metastatic lymph node involvement increases to 35%, which makes lymph node examination important. Until 1990, inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy was performed, among other things, to assess the status of inguinal lymph nodes in vulvar cancer. Inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy constitutes a rather extensive operation that is accompanied by a large number of postoperative complications, both in the short- and long-term periods. A study on the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy was published in 2008. Van der Zee et al. provided important evidence that the sentinel lymph node concept can be safely applied in vulvar cancer patients. In the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer, it is essential to assess the sentinel lymph node status in order to reduce the extent of surgical intervention.
Examining the potential of a breath pacer as an adjuvant in cognitive behavioral therapy: case studies in digital health for mental well-being
Authors:   Faresa, Boerenkrijgsingel 44/0.02, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium, PLEUMEEKERS Eva , HONINX Elisabeth ,   Moonbird BV, Kaasrui 3/2, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, LIETEN Hanne ,   Moonbird BV, Kaasrui 3/2, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, JACOBS Nele ,   Faresa, Boerenkrijgsingel 44/0.02, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
VUB, Brussels School of Governance, Pleinlaan 5, 1050, Brussels, Belgium, BROES Stefanie ,   Moonbird BV, Kaasrui 3/2, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium, ROSS Veerle ,   Faresa, Boerenkrijgsingel 44/0.02, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
UHasselt, School of Transportation Sciences, Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
Published: April 2024

Increasing mental health issues worldwide call for effective interventions. Breathing therapy, particularly slow-paced exercises, is gaining recognition for enhancing mental well-being. Integrating these exercises with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) appears effective for stress and anxiety management. Technological solutions for home therapy have emerged, improving patient engagement. This study assesses a tactile breath pacer as a CBT adjunct for various mental health conditions.
Six participants with conditions including autism, depression, burnout, bipolar disorder, insomnia, and anorexia engaged in therapy using the moonbird breath pacer for a month, with regular email check-ins.
The breath pacer's integration into CBT showed positive outcomes. Participants found it user-friendly, adapting it into their daily routines. Customized usage patterns promoted relaxation, emotion regulation, and improved sleep, with many extending use for sleep enhancement.
This study demonstrates the benefits of technology in therapy, specifically for emotion regulation, relaxation and sleep. It supports blended care, combining in-person and remote therapy elements, with personalization encouraging active client engagement.
Do Adolescents Really Recover from Anorexia? Or the Lack of Standardised Definition May Mask their Process?: A Systematic Review
Authors:   Beykent University Institute of Graduate Studies Department of Clinical Psychology, KERIMLER Alara , ÖĞÜTLÜ Hakan ,   Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapies Association, Ankara, Turkey, CUTINHA Darren ,   Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Published: April 2024

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder that causes physical, behavioural and psychological deterioration. Although diagnostic criteria are clearly defined, there has been no consensus on what recovery is. This study aimed to review prior studies indicating recovery criteria, as well as recovery rates of patients with adolescent-onset AN.
Related studies were searched through databases MEDLINE, PsycINFO and CINAHL. A total of 15 English studies with patients had adolescent-onset and DSM-5/ICD-11 diagnoses. A systematic review was conducted by following the PRISMA expanded checklist and qualities of eligible articles were evaluated via the Quality Criteria Checklist (QCC).
Of the 15 studies, two studies mentioned only physical dimension of recovery, whereas rest of the 13 studies covered behavioural and psychological dimensions. EDE-Q was found as the most frequently used scale. Follow-up years of the patients fluctuated from one to 30 years, and the recovery rate varied from 30.6% to 72%.
There are some difficulties faced in defining recovered patients. Since no consensus was achieved, every researcher set their recovery criteria. Until the policymakers of field standardize definition of recovery from AN, researchers should be aware of the fact that inconsistencies in definition can affect results of their research.
Analisis Berpikir Kritis Guru Bersertifikasi Dalam Mengkonstruksi Media Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Hidayat Mokhamad Farid , Hidayati Wiwin Sri , Tristanti Lia Budi
Published: April 2024

Abstract:Certified teachers already have professional abilities and can construct learning media. This study describes the critical thinking process of certified teachers in constructing learning media based on critical thinking theory from Ennis, and student learning outcomes after using learning media from teachers. This research is combined research in sequential form, namely researchers using qualitative research and then continuing with quantitative research. Data collection is done through observation, interviews, test questions, and documentation. Data validity using time triangulation. The results showed that teachers have succeeded in constructing learning media through the critical thinking process in Trigonometry learning using PPT Hyperlink media. Student learning outcomes tend to be homogeneous compared to previous meetings with an average learning outcome of 79.00. This research can still be developed by increasing the number of research subjects with different sexes to facilitate the influence of gender differences in classroom learning activities.Abstrak:Guru bersertifikasi telah memiliki kemampuan profesional dan mampu mengkonstruksi media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan:  proses berpikir kritis guru bersertifikasi dalam mengkonstruksi media pembelajaran berdasarkan teori berpikir kritis dari Ennis, hasil belajar siswa setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran dari guru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian gabungan dalam bentuk sekuensial yaitu peneliti menggunakan penelitian kualitatif kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, soal tes dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan guru telah berhasil mengkonstruksi media pembelajaran melalui proses berpikir kritis dalam pembelajaran Trigonometri menggunakan media PPT Hyperlink. Hasil belajar siswa cenderung homogen dibanding pertemuan sebelumnya dengan rata-rata hasil belajar 79,00. Penelitian ini masih dapat dikembangkan dengan menambah jumlah subjek penelitian dengan jenis kelamin yang berbeda untuk memfasilitasi pengaruh perbedaan gender dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas.
Influence of green synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticle concentration on wear and coefficient of friction of vegetable oil-based lubricants
Authors: Tsado Stephen Yebosoko , Oladejo Tijani Jimoh , Okoro Uzoma Gregory , Tertsegha Daniel Ipilakyaa , Sadiq Ibrahim Ogu , Abutu Joseph , Onche Emmanuel Ogo , Acheampong Antwi Afari , Sullaiman Alhassan , Kyeremeh Ebenezer Adu , Lawal Sunday Albert
Published: April 2024

Green manufacturing is increasingly becoming popular, especially in lubricant manufacturing, as more environmentally friendly substitutes for mineral base oil and synthetic additives are being found among plant extracts and progress in methodologies for extraction and synthesis is being made. It has been observed that some of the important performance characteristics need enhancement, of which nanoparticle addition has been noted as one of the effective solutions. However, the concentration of the addictive that would optimised the performance characteristics of interest remains a contending area of research. The research was out to find how the concentration of green synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles in nano lubricants formed from selected vegetable oils influences friction and wear. A bottom-up green synthesis approach was adopted to synthesize aluminum oxide (Al2O3) from aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3) precursor in the presence of a plant-based reducing agent—Ipomoea pes-caprae. The synthesized Al2O3 nanoparticles were characterized using TEM and XRD and found to be mostly of spherical shape of sizes 44.73 nm. Al2O3 nanoparticles at different concentrations—0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.7 wt%, and 1.0 wt%—were used as additives to castor, jatropha, and palm kernel oils to formulate nano lubricants and tested alternately on a ball-on-aluminum (SAE 332) and low-carbon steel Disc Tribometer. All the vegetable-based oil nano lubricants showed a significant decrease in the coefficient of friction (CoF) and wear rate with Ball-on-(aluminum SAE 332) disc tribometer up to 0.5wt% of the nanoparticle: the best performances (eCOF = 92.29; eWR = 79.53) came from Al2O3-castor oil nano lubricant and Al2O3-palm kernel oil; afterwards, they started to increase. However, the performance indices displayed irregular behaviour for both COF and Wear Rate (WR) when tested on a ball-on-low-carbon steel Disc Tribometer.
La simulación tipo mini-“moot court” como metodología activa en la docencia del derecho sustantivo
Authors: Corpas Pastor Luis
Published: April 2024

Este trabajo describe una práctica realizada con 65 estudiantes de una asignatura de 2º curso del doble grado “Derecho/ADE” de la Universidad de Málaga, combinando un escenario presencial y virtual mediante el Campus Virtual (CV) y TICs. Tras seleccionar 6 resoluciones judiciales de segunda instancia sobre indemnización por daños a escolares en horario escolar en centros educativos privados, se les facilitó el ECLI correspondiente a cada uno de los 12 equipos formados (6 equipos demandantes y 6 demandados). Todos los equipos localizaron la sentencia indicada y extrajeron los hechos y fundamentos de derecho de cada caso. Un solo equipo necesitó ampliación del plazo de entrega del escrito correspondiente. La actividad de simulación de juicio, en la que cada equipo argumentó sus posiciones, se realizó en el Aula Judicial de la Facultad de Derecho. A continuación, se evaluó cuantitativa y cualitativamente dicha actividad, a través de un cuestionario elaborado con Google forms. La práctica totalidad del estudiantado encontró positiva o muy positiva la actividad para su aprendizaje y un alto porcentaje la percibe como divertida. Como conclusión, el Role Play en cualquiera de sus dimensiones, incluida la simulación tipo mini-moot court; fomenta el trabajo en equipo y el aprendizaje divertido.
El impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial generativa: clínica jurídica e innovación docente
Authors: Dopazo Fraguío M.ª Pilar
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se analiza el impacto de los actua­les sistemas de IA desde la perspectiva jurídica y, en particular, se observa su incidencia en el ámbi­to de la educación superior. Siendo un hecho cierto el impulso actual que recibe esta tecnología por la Unión Europea (UE) y en atención a las potenciales utilidades que ofrece, también debe advertirse sobre sus riesgos. Por ello, el disponer de una regulación común europea sobre IA es fundamental, en orden a contar con la necesaria base legal. En este sentido, se valora el relevante hito que supone la “Ley UE de IA” prevista. Desde el Derecho, en todo caso, se ha de adoptar un enfoque proactivo y, a su vez, preven­tivo. Asimismo, se estima que las acciones destina­das a la innovación jurídica y la innovación docente, actuando ambas de forma paralela, adquieren una valiosa funcionalidad ante este tema complejo. Ello, sobre todo, siendo pragmáticos si se pretende abor­dar esta cuestión de forma adecuada, con máxima diligencia y eficacia.
Challenges to the sustainable development of the Portuguese economy
Authors: Kryzhevich Mariia
Published: April 2024

Currently, sustainable development of a country refers to targeted economic growth that does not harm the environment (or, better yet, is integrated into natural cycles or a circular economy) and also contributes to solving social problems. Thus, a balance is maintained between the territory’s economic, environmental, and social development, which has accelerated and continues to form its own set of tools for promoting sustainable development, most often integrated into global directions.

The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the main problems of sustainable development of the economy of Portugal as one of the EU countries, including those related to natural factors, labor resources, sociocultural characteristics, the development of modern technologies, infrastructure, economics, political and legislative features. The study used comparative descriptive and analytical methods, as well as an analysis of modern statistics, literature, and Internet resources. The paper identifies, classifies, and analyzes the most critical barriers and challenges for the country’s economy in the present and the future, as well as the possible consequences of these challenges.
THE LEVEL OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CATTLE FARM BIOSECURITY SYSTEM RELATED TO PREVENTION OF FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN GIANYAR REGENCY OF BALI
Authors: Jazuli Azra Mr  , Suada I Ketut , Mufa Romy Muhammad Dary
Published: April 2024

Foot Foot and Mouth Disease is one of the acute diseases, this disease is caused by a virus of the genus Aphtovirus. This virus attacks cloven-hoofed animals both livestock and wild animals, the spread rate of FMD virus is very high, the mortality rate of this virus is 20% in young animals and 2% in adult animals. To prevent this disease itself, in addition to vaccination, it is necessary to apply biosecurity. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of application of biosecurity system in cattle farms, for the sample used in this study are simantri cattle farms and cattle groups (non-simantri) in Gianyar Regency. This research was conducted with interview techniques to simantri cattle farmers and cattle groups (non-simantri) in Gianyar Regency using a questionnaire. The results of the research previously tabulated into Microsoft Excel and analyzed descriptively qualitative shows that the level of application of biosecurity system on cattle farms in Gianyar regency is categorized into the category of sufficient. This shows that the application of biosecurity on cattle farms in Gianyar Regency has not been implemented properly. Based on the research results obtained, there are several suggestions given by the author, as follows: Although the spread of foot and mouth disease in Gianyar Regency has decreased, farmers are expected to always pay attention to the sanitation of cages and the cleanliness of their livestock, because poor sanitation is a source of disease, Traffic supervision or traffic control must also be considered by farmers, because this component is a very large factor in the spread of a pathogen, things that need to be considered are: As an effort to prevent the re-entry of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle farms owned by farmers in Gianyar Regency, it is hoped that farmers can improve the biosecurity system on their farms. Where biosecurity is the main guard in protecting livestock from the spread of disease-causing microorganisms.
Regulation of lipid metabolism by 1,2,4-trioxolanes and betulin under hypoxia and immobilization stress in rats
Authors: Melnikova N. B. , Malygina D. S. , Yastrebov P. V. , Spitskaya I. V. , Soloveva A. G. , Fayans A. E. , Esipovich A. L.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Lipid metabolism disorders, caused by both excessive physical and psycho-emotional stress, and physical hypoxia, are important problems in the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases.

The objective was to study the effect of 1,2,4-trioxolanes and betulin in fish oil on lipid and energy metabolism in an experiment on rats under hypoxia and immobilization stress (IS).

Methods and materials. The studies were carried out using 75 male Wistar rats (intact and experimental animals) on a model of hypoxia and immobilization stress for 10 days. The treatment was carried out with the composition of betulin (0.1 %), 1,2,4-trioxolanes (10 %) in fish oil.

Results. Under stress, regardless the type of stress, in groups without treatment, there was a significant disturbance in lipid metabolism, which was reflected in the following indicators: total cholesterol increases by 5–8 %, TG increase by 5 times, HDL increase by 10 %, VLDL and LDL increase by ~ 6 times. It was revealed that the composition of fish oil, botulin and 1,2,4-trioxolanes, previously obtained by ozonation of lipids, had a normalizing effect on the indexes of lipid and energy metabolism under hypoxia and IS in rats.

Conclusions. 1,2,4-trioxolanes with betulin in fish oil may be useful for population groups with physical inactivity (students, office workers, elderly people, disabled people), as well as for athletes with excessive physical activity.
Structure of somatic pathology in patients with rhonchopathy
Authors: Ryabova M. A. , Karpishchenko S. A. , Ulupov M. Yu. , Faizova A. R. , Zinchenko A. V.
Published: April 2024

Snoring is a sound phenomenon that is often a symptom of more serious condition – OSAS (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome). All patients with complaints of nocturnal snoring, daytime sleepiness, breathing stops in sleep, in addition to the standard otorhinolaryngological examination at the initial consultation should be diagnosed using validated questionnaires, scales to determine the presence of risk of OSAS, according to the results of which a decision is made to consult a -somnologist with further additional examination.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the clinical manifestations, concomitant pathology, and complications in patients at the initial visit to an otorhinolaryngologist complaining of the presence of the acoustic phenomenon of snoring.

Methods and materials. 304 patients with the diagnosis of rhonchopathy were examined. The inclusion criterion was the presence of the acoustic phenomenon of snoring. All patients underwent computed tomography of the maxillofacial region using contrast technique of the soft palate before radiation diagnosis with the followed morphometry.

Results. Analyzing the results of our sample, we come to a clear understanding that each case is very individual and needs a balanced interdisciplinary approach.

Conclusions. When choosing the treatment method for rhonchopathy, it is necessary to take into account the patient’s somatic status, BMI, the presence of chronic tonsillitis and other concomitant diseases to choose the volume and method of surgical treatment
Current issues of delayed disability of patients after COVID-19
Authors: Belash V. A. , Bilichenko E. B. , Lamden Iu. A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 has made significant changes in all spheres of modern human life. Understanding disability in patients post COVID-19 (CoronaVirus Disease - 19) allows to assess the need for physical rehabilitation.

The objective was to determine the relationship between post-COVID syndrome and the development of delayed disability in patients who have been exposed to the COVID-19 as part of the assessment of the need for rehabilitation.

Methods and materials. Using the method of standardized phone interview (14) three and twelve months post COVID-19, 855 patients were surveyed with an assessment of the level of rehabilitation needs at the time before COVID-19 (anamnestically), as well as three and twelve months after the disease, on the rehabilitation routing scale (RRS), mobility on the Rivermead scale and comparison of results with clinical data on the course of COVID-19.

Results. Delayed disability was revealed in patients post COVID-19. The necessity of active examination and rehabilitation measures in patients who do not need proper rehabilitation is shown (RRS – 1).

Conclusion. Post-COVID syndrome may be a predictor of the development of delayed disability in patients post COVID-19. The use of RRS in patients post COVID-19 is a reliable method necessary in the process of determining further routing after the disease.
STANDARDIZATION OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST FUNCTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES IN HOSPITAL SETTING IN UKRAINE AND ABROAD
Authors: Zimenkovsky Andriy , Макух Х.І. , Sekh Myroslava , Zayats Marta
Published: April 2024

Aim. Collection, analysis, and standardization of practical functions of a clinical pharmacist in national and foreign inpatient health care facilities, as well as identification of barriers during the integration of clinical pharmacy services in Ukraine.

Materials and Methods. The applied methods include a systematic approach, bibliographic, standardization, group method of expert evaluations, structural-logical, analytical-comparative, computer data processing, and modeling. The object of research: survey protocols of national clinical pharmacists (n=22); international standards of professional activity for clinical pharmacists (n=7); experience of implementing clinical pharmacy services abroad (n=7). Research subject: functional responsibilities of clinical pharmacists.

Results and Discussion. The results of the survey revealed that the practical functions of clinical pharmacists in national healthcare facilities extend far beyond the administration of antimicrobial agents as defined by legislation. They also encompass the practical implementation of 26 additional functions. An original standardization model was developed, which enabled the identification of 13 groups of professional functional responsibilities of national clinical pharmacists within the provision of clinical pharmacy services. It was established that the most common are 2 groups of functional responsibilities: managerial/strategic (20.2%) and related to control and monitoring (15.5%). Based on the analysis and evaluation of international professional standards and practices, 20 groups of functional responsibilities were identified, which are implemented through the realization of 160 different functions, ensuring a comprehensive range of clinical pharmacy services in hospital settings. The expansion of clinical pharmacy services in Ukraine is currently limited by several factors: the absence of appropriate legislative and regulatory acts that would facilitate the provision of full clinical and pharmaceutical care to patients; available resources; the level of professional training of specialists; the absence of national association and the lack of collaboration with international professional associations or societies in clinical pharmacy.

Conclusions. The developed model for standardizing the functions of clinical pharmacists in healthcare facilities has allowed systematic categorization of the main groups of functional responsibilities, enabling the provision of a full spectrum of clinical pharmacy services in hospital settings. Further integration of the clinical pharmacist into national health care, as an equal and integral member of a multidisciplinary team of specialists, is possible under the conditions of the creation of relevant legislative\regulatory acts and the development or optimization of national clinical pharmaceutical education at all levels.
Less Stringent Global Health Treaties: Insights from Various Regimes
Authors: Albar Rafsi Azzam Hibatullah
Published: April 2024

Global health captured significant attention in the international legal community after COVID-19 struck the world. The formulation of a pandemic treaty sparked discourse on how the regime's treaties should be designed: whether they should adhere strictly to stringent measures or adopt more lenient approaches. This paper argued in favor of the latter. Initially, the research explained the objectives and characteristics of global health treaties as a primary component of global health governance. Then, it compared two sides of the debate on flexibility: the idealism of full commitment by all and the pragmatism of willingness to participate and enforce. With the facts obtained, a contextual analysis of the diplomatic dynamics at the World Health Organization (WHO) was performed to understand the constraints of treaty-making at the main international platform for public health. Lastly, the research proposed four main ideas that make up the ideal party: cognizance of pre-existing realities, allowance for differentiated commitment levels, careful linguistic choices, and the inclusion of a minimal yet effective enforcement mechanism.
New details on the volcanic and tectonic evolution of the Mesoarchaean Dominion Group with special reference to the Syferfontein Formation in the Ottosdal area (South Africa)
Authors: Paprika D.E. , Agangi A. , Hofmann A. , Ringdahl P. , Hartmann S. , Déri-Takács J.
Published: April 2024

The ca. 2.96 Ga Dominion Group (DG) preserves the first subaerial volcano-sedimentary succession on the Kaapvaal Craton. Based on field and core observations, this study provides revised stratigraphic logs and geological maps from the area around Ottosdal that refine the understanding of the stratigraphic and tectonic evolution of these ancient rocks.

Fluvial sandstone and conglomerate of the Rhenosterspruit Formation (RsF) were deposited on granite basement, followed by andesitic to basaltic volcanic rocks of the Rhenosterhoek Formation (RhF). These amygdaloidal andesitic to basaltic lava units show fragmentation around lava flows that may represent an indication of prevalent subaerial environment. However, local hyaloclastite and pillow lava units indicate periodic aqueous conditions. The Syferfontein Formation (SF) has the most extensive exposures in the Ottosdal area and represents the youngest volcanic unit of the DG. The porphyritic and spherulitic volcanic rocks tell a story of subaerial volcanism interspersed with periods of lacustrine deposition of sandstone and shale. The Witwatersrand Supergroup (WSG) overlies the DG along an angular unconformity.

Folding affected the succession of the DG, WSG and the Ventersdorp Supergroup (Rietgat Formation). This event is reflected in small-scale folds and mullion structures in the central part of the study area and by larger scale north-northwest–south-southeast-striking anticlines and synclines. Folding was accompanied by northwest-southeast-striking thrust faulting, either during or shortly after the formation of the Ventersdorp Supergroup. In the study area, post-Ventersdorp deformation is restricted to east-northeast–west-southwest-striking faults.
SciArt: prácticas transdisciplinares en la sinergia del arte y la ciencia
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla (España), García Robles Rocío , Ortega Rodas Amalia ,   Universidad de Sevilla (España)
Published: April 2024

A possible definition of the term SciArt would include its characterization as a post-dis- ciplinary and post-media practice, merging elements typically associated with Arts and Sciences, generating research in both areas, while not forgetting technology as a facilitator and product of the scientific field in which it is grounded. In this context, and from our research (ASTER project, FEDER funds https://aster.us.es)), we aim to provide some evidence regarding the historical and institutional context of SciArt practices, as well as the characterization of these practices in their multiple dimensions. We attempt to address certain questions: What are the precedents in SciArt production? How do the involved agents typically develop this type of work? What defines a SciArt piece?
Wide-aperture Faraday Cup for the High-Intensity Linear Proton Accelerator of the Project DARIA
Authors: Gavrilov S. A. , Kalinin Yu. G. , Titov A. I.
Published: April 2024

One of the main problems for beam diagnostics in the projected linear proton accelerator for the DARIA compact neutron source is the high pulse and average beam power combined with a relatively low energy, that significantly limits the choice of possible diagnostic instruments and methods. For basic beam current measurements and tuning procedures in the low-energy part of the accelerator, a wide-aperture water-cooled Faraday cup was developed. This paper presents design features, estimations of thermal loads during typical operation and experimental results of the cup tests at a high-intensity proton beam, also the design features of such devices are described, considering the influence of the beam space charge on the measurement results.