bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DATA JOURNALISM IN LATIN AMERICA
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Nerents Daria V.
Published: December 2020

Today, the “data journalism” in the global media space has emerged as an independent direction with its own goals, objectives, and specifics. Specialized data departments in large media are increasingly appearing, and reporters working with “Big Data” are called data journalists now. There are studies in the scientific community on the data journalism in the USA, Russia, and European countries, but only a small number of such materials are devoted to data projects in Latin America. Meanwhile the data journalism in that part of the world has been actively developing since 2012, and such publications comply with all standards of high-quality analytical material. The article is based on an analysis of the data journalism of the three countries, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, because their projects regularly receive prestigious awards and are recognized by the international community. In particular issues of the thematic diversity of the data materials, work methodology, format features of publications are considered.
SYNTACTIC COMPLEXITY OF ACADEMIC TEXT: A CORPUS STUDY OF WRITTEN PRODUCTION BY LEARNERS OF ENGLISH WITH RUSSIAN L1 IN COMPARISON WITH EXPERT TEXTS OF ENGLISH AUTHORS
Authors:   HSE University, Moscow, Russia, Vinogradova Olga I. , Smirnova Elizaveta A. ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russia, Viklova Anna V. ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russia, Panteleeva Irina M.
Published: December 2020

The paper analyses data of automated evaluation of syntactical complexity of scholarly texts from four comparable corpora – two of expert texts and two of learner texts – in two subject areas. The research applied two different computer tools – UDPipe parser and AntConc set of programs. The following conclusions were made: – Expert scholarly texts demonstrated high clausal and phrasal complexity, and its level was higher in Business Studies than in Economics. – Clausal complexity in expert texts was much higher than in student texts, while phrasal complexity was at about the same level as, or even slightly lower than that of students. The largest difference was attested for genitive construction with preposition of, which was 1.7 times as frequent in student texts in both subject areas as in expert texts. The results contradict the conclusion of the prior research that with the growth in proficiency clausal complexity decreases, while phrasal complexity grows.
FEATURES OF TERMINOLOGIZATION OF COMMON VOCABULARY IN MODERN CHINESE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ECONOMIC DISCOURSE OF CHINESE-LANGUAGE MEDIA)
Authors:   Moscow State Linguistic University, Chechina Natalya Yu.
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to the features of the economic vocabulary functioning in the materials of the Chinese-language media. Media materials reflect the major changes that are occurring in the life of society, primarily in the economic sphere. For China, the development of a market economy is of great importance, which is also reflected in the texts of the mass media. Media materials are sources of new information, their recipients are mainly the general public. Nevertheless, economics is a professional field of activity with its terminological system. The main task of media materials is to transfer information from specialists in this field to non-specialists. Thus, taking into account the abundance of terms, the texts of the economic media enrich the lexicon of listeners or readers. At the same time, an analysis of the texts of the Chinese-language media showed that an active process of terminologization (the transition of commonly used words to the category of terms) is currently underway. This process has an impact on the daily communication of native speakers and is not enough studied on the material of modern Chinese.
THE ISSUE OF CONTEXT AND SOCIOLOGICAL POETICS OF THE "BAKHTIN'S CIRCLE"
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Nesmeyanov Grigorii I.
Published: December 2020

The article formulates main questions related to the concept of context. The issue of context is considered as a current-day interdisciplinary field of research. There are many definitions of context in dictionaries and in various humanities (including scientific disciplines). In connection with that issue various methodological approaches arise in the humanities, which can be designated by the umbrella term “contextual”. By the example of one of such approaches to the sociological poetics of the “Bakhtin’s circle”, the author substantiates the possibility of creating an interdisciplinary classification of contextual approaches. That classification may include scientific developments of different years and research fields, including: philosophical hermeneutics, a number of approaches to the Russian and foreign literary theory (M.M. Bakhtin, Yu.M. Lotman, B.M. Eichenbaum, F. Moretti, A. Compagnon, etc.), intellectual history, discourse analysis, etc.
"THE MOST UNAFFECTED AND ARTISTIC OF HER WORKS". G. ELIOT AS PERCEIVED BY I.S. TURGENEV
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Samorodnitskaya Ekaterina I.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the response of I.S. Turgenev to the novel by G. Eliot “The Mill on the Floss” in the context of Turgenev’s novel aesthetics. An attempt is made to systematize the writer’s views on the novel genre: giving preference to the social, Dickensian-Georgesandian type of the novel, the writer does not consider it of the same kind and singles out both the indisputable genre peaks (G. Flaubert, L.N. Tolstoy, G. de Maupassant) and indisputable failures (O. de Balzac, E. Zola). From this point of view, Turgenev’s perception of G. Eliot’s novel poetics is analyzed. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the novel under consideration is the closest one for Turgenev structurally and ideologically. “The Mill on the Floss” appears to be the writer’s least typical novel, with a tragic denouement, predetermined by the love conflict, and the force of nature, and with a heroine who is very different from her environment and therefore doomed under existing circumstances. The fate of Maggie and the structure of her image are consonant with Turgenev’s search for the hero, but later the artistic searches of both writers diverge: G. Eliot becomes interested in a more complex structure, in which there is room for the evolution of the hero, his (or her) overcoming the framework set by his upbringing or environment, and the ability to move on. Here lies the fundamental difference between her poetics and the poetics of Turgenev.
Hidden causal factors of a medical nature affecting qualifying signs for determining the severity of harm caused to human health when committing crimes against sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of an individual
Authors: Kataev Alexander , Kadochnikov Dmitriy
Published: December 2020

The article considers hidden causal factors of a medical nature (in the form of pathogens of bacterial, viral, protozoal and fungal infections, as well as parasitic diseases) that cannot be detected by visual examination of the subject and require additional laboratory research methods. The necessity of taking into account such factors and the possibility of identifying them is shown for a more objective forensic examination of sexual offenses.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Pakan Ternak dari Limbah Pembungkus Lontong untuk Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat di Kelurahan Kupang Krajan Kecamatan Sawahan Kota Surabaya
Authors: Handayani Wiwik , Winasih Sri suryani Yuprapti , Dewi Sinta , Badi’ah Badi’ah
Published: December 2020

Banana leaf waste in kupang krajan village is very abundant. This becomes a problem of garbage buildup. Therefore, it is necessary to process waste in order to become a useful product. By using assed based community development (ABCD) method aims to provide training in making animal feed from banana leaf waste. The results of the training showed that the people of Kupang Krajan village were able to make quality animal feed with a fragrant aroma. Animal feed has also been tested to beef cattle, dairy cows, and goats in west Surabaya and Gresik. There are cattle that eat directly and some still have to adapt.
SOCIOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON SURVEY AT THE YEREVAN AMERICAN CORNER
Authors: Petrosyan Goharik , Tadevosyan Artur
Published: December 2020

Rapid social, economic, technological changes in the country leave their mark on each member of the society; alter their tastes, expectations, and needs. The visitors of the Yerevan American Corner are not an exception.  Thus, a necessity of a detailed analysis of the visitors’ demands and behavior arises, in order to amend or expand the realm of the service, to raise the popularity of the corner and to attract more visitors. With this purpose, we offer to conduct polls and interviews among users of the American Corner, to do a specific social analysis of programs and services. Overall, 550 people will take part in the survey.  The analyses will help to understand the attitude of patrons, non-patrons and random visitors towards the Yerevan American Corner (its space, resources, activities, projects, services, technical devices, and staff). This will also help to evaluate the effectiveness of current activities and services, such as clubs, courses, public talks and various meetings.
Fútbol callejero: esperançando alteridade
Authors: Mendes Belmonte Mauricio , Gonçalves Junior Luiz
Published: December 2020

ResumoO objetivo central deste artigo foi identificar e compreender os processos educativos decorrentes de uma sistematização de experiência com a prática social fútbol callejero na parceria dos projetos “Vivências em Atividades Diversificadas de Lazer” e “Mais que Futebol”. Alicerçados na perspectiva qualitativa de pesquisa e observando princípios da sistematização de experiência, realizamos nossa participação e registro das observações em quinze diários de campo junto aos/as participantes da citada parceria, realizando, posteriormente, a análise de dados inspirada na fenomenologia em interface com a analética. Consideramos que a metodologia do fútbol callejero, conforme desenvolvida na parceria dos projetos, contribuiu para a fruição do processo educativo da alteridade.Palavras-chave: Processos Educativos. Fútbol Callejero. Alteridade. Epistemologias do Sul.Fútbol callejero: hoping alterityAbstractThe central objective of this article was to identify and understand the educational processes resulting from a systematization of experience with the social practice fútbol callejero in partnership with the projects “Experiences in Diversified Leisure Activities” and “More than Football”. Based on the qualitative research perspective and observing principles of systematization of experience, we carried out our participation and record the observations in fifteen field diaries with the participants of the aforementioned partnership, subsequently carrying out data analysis inspired by phenomenology in interface with the analectic. We believe that the fútbol callejero methodology, as developed in the partnership of the projects, contributed to the development of the educational process of alterity.Keywords: Educational Process. Fútbol Callejero. Alterity. Epistemologies of the South.Fútbol callejero: esperanzando alteridadResumenEl objetivo central de este artículo fue identificar y comprender los procesos educativos resultantes de una sistematización de la experiencia con la práctica del fútbol callejero en la acción conjunta de los proyectos: “Vivencias en Actividades Diversificadas de Ocio” y “Más que Fútbol”. Con base en la perspectiva de la investigación cualitativa y observando principios de sistematización de la experiencia, llevamos a cabo nuestra participación y registramos las observaciones en quince diarios de campo con los participantes de la mencionada acción conjunta, realizando posteriormente análisis de datos inspirados en la fenomenología en interfaz con la analectica. Consideramos que la metodología de lo fútbol callejero, desarrollada en la alianza de los proyectos, contribuyó a la fruición del proceso educativo de la alteridad.Palabras clave: Procesos Educativos. Fútbol Callejero. Alteridad. Epistemologías del Sur.
Os “aulões” nos espaços de privação de liberdade como ato de esperança
Authors: Moraes Luciana Ferreira da Silva , Onofre Elenice Maria Cammarosano
Published: December 2020

ResumoO objetivo deste estudo é analisar a atividade de preparo e desenvolvimento de aulas baseadas em um tema gerador e que acontecem em espaços de privação de liberdade nos municípios de Cuiabá e Várzea Grande, estado de Mato Grosso. A questão que suleou o estudo é: Como se desenvolvem os “aulões” como prática social libertadora em espaços restritivos de liberdade? Trata-se de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, de observação participante, que ocorreu em reuniões do Pró-Escolas Formação na Escola - MT. Os dados coletados foram registrados em Diários de Campo e analisados à luz da Análise de Conteúdo de Laurence Bardin. Os resultados evidenciaram que os “aulões” se apresentam como possibilidade de educação libertadora mesmo em um espaço com normas rígidas e opressoras como a prisão.Palavras-chave: Processos Educativos. Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Espaços de Privação de Liberdade.The “aulões” in the spaces of deprivation of liberty as an act of hopeAbstractThe objective of this study is to analyze the preparation and development of classes based on a generating theme that take place in spaces of deprivation of liberty in the municipalities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande, state of Mato Grosso. The question that guide the study is: How do the “aulões” develop as a liberating social practice in spaces that restrict freedom? This is a qualitative research, of participant observation, which took place in meetings of the Pro-Schools Training at School – MT. The data collected were recorded in Field Diaries and analyzed in light of the Content Analysis of Laurence Bardin. The results showed that the “aulões” present themselves as a possibility of liberating education even in a space with rigid and oppressive norms like prison.Keywords: Educative Processes. Youth and Adult Education. Spaces of Deprivation of Liberty.“Aulões” en los espacios de privación de libertad como acto de esperanzaResumenEl propósito de este estudio es analizar la preparación y desarrollo de clases basadas en un tema generativo que se desarrollan en lugares de privación de libertad en los municipios de Cuiabá y Várzea Grande, estado de Mato Grosso. La pregunta que guio el estudio es: ¿Cómo se desarrollan los “aulões” como práctica social liberadora en espacios que restringen la libertad? Se trata de una investigación cualitativa, de observación participante, que se llevó a cabo en los encuentros de Formación Pro-Escuelas en la Escuela – MT. Los datos recopilados se registraron en Diarios de Campo y se analizaron a la luz del Análisis de Contenido de Laurence Bardin. Los resultados mostraron que los “aulões” son una posibilidad de educación liberadora incluso en un espacio con normas rígidas y opresivas como la prisión.Palabras clave: Procesos Educativos. Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos. Espacios de Privación de Libertad.
Content and language integrated learning through wall display
Authors: Gómez-Ramos José Luis , Lozano-Barrios Laura
Published: December 2020

Since the learning of curricular content via foreign languages (L2) might be demotivating to non-Anglo-Saxon pupils, this study aims at researching and digging on the motivational differences displayed by students towards the Natural Science subject taught in English at a Spanish bilingual school. Yet having stated the problem of motivation under investigation, the central hypothesis relies on the idea that certain content and language integrated learning (CLIL) techniques –Wall Display– would slightly increase motivation in students, as well as better attitude towards the subject matter. The sample size of research is formed by 43 second-grade bilingual primary students, where half of the participants receive training and the other half do not. The research design is quasi-experimental, and an adapted questionnaire on motivation is implemented as a pretest and postest instrument for data-gathering and outcomes. Concerning the reporting of findings, the statistical significance levels remain similar in the pretests (> .05) and dissimilar after program implementation (< .05), benefiting the trained group. Thus, because of its visual, manipulative, and distinct dynamic, the stated conclusion is that displaying increases learners’ motivation towards subject matter instructed in L2.
Una experiencia de aula centrada en los “grupos de investigación”
Authors: Rueda-Pérez Alba , Fragueiro-Barreiro María Sandra
Published: December 2020

The foundations that support cooperative learning as a method to be used in Primary Education are presented in this document. To this effect, the keys on how to implement methodological strategies focused on cooperation in the classroom are analysed and reflected on the advantages offered by this methodology compared to other methods. Likewise, “research groups” are chosen as a technique to carry out a learning proposal in the third grade of Primary Education in a school. With this technique, it is established a cooperation among the pupils in order to encourage the learning, to wake up their interest and to promote the development of certain competences for students with an active learning.
Gamificación aplicada al desarrollo del interés del alumnado por el contenido de una asignatura del Grado en Derecho
Authors: Wisner-Glusko Diana Carolina
Published: December 2020

In recent years, gamification - the use of games and game design techniques in non-game contexts- has established itself as an innovative methodology that improves educational quality in Higher Education. Education is an area of great potential for the application of gamification. Depending on the educational level, the teacher must establish a specific moment to apply it within the teaching-learning process and also choose a type of tool to design and develop in the classroom. This study offers a gamification experience based on breakout for the teaching of Administrative Law in the Degree in Law, and applied on the first day of class, with a triple purpose: to promote interaction between students, to measure the degree of knowledge about the content and skills acquired in the last academic year and motivate students by making the teaching of this subject more attractive.
Estructura y diversidad de un matorral dominado por Helietta parvifolia (A. Gray ex Hemsl.) Benth.
Authors: Pequeño Ledezma Miguel Angel , Rodríguez Eduardo Alanís , Molina Guerra Víctor Manuel , Collantes Chávez Costa Alejandro , Mora Olivo Arturo
Published: December 2020

Helietta parvifolia es una especie de importancia económica en el norte de México, ya que es una fuente potencial de madera y leña para usos diversos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la estructura y diversidad de un matorral maduro de H. parvifolia en el noroeste de México. Se determinó la diversidad de la vegetación mediante el establecimiento de 20 sitios de muestreo de 10 × 10 m cada uno (2 000 m² en total), en donde se registraron las especies, el diámetro normal y de copa de todos los árboles y arbustos con un diámetro ≥ 3 cm. Se calcularon los índices de Margalef, Shannon y Pretzsch para determinar la riqueza, diversidad de especies y estructura vertical, respectivamente. Se registraron 11 especies arbóreas y arbustivas, distribuidas en nueve géneros y seis familias. Fabaceae fue la que registró un mayor número de taxones (cinco); mientras que las familias restantes presentaron solamente un taxón. Tres especies concentraron 82.59 % de los valores de índice de valor de importancia (IVI): Helietta parvifolia, Cordia boissieri y Havardia pallens, con 53 %, 15.44 % y 14.15 %, respectivamente. La mayor abundancia de individuos de clases diamétricas pequeñas sugiere la existencia de un estado de regeneración activo.
Efecto del intemperismo y biodeterioro en compuestos plástico-madera (CPM) elaborados con borato de zinc
Authors: Cárdenas Oscanoa Aldo Joao , Fuentes Talavera Francisco Javier , Robledo Ortiz Jorge Ramón , Meza Contreras Juan Carlos , Gonzáles Cruz Ricardo
Published: December 2020

Se evaluaron las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de compuestos plásticos de madera (CPM) elaborados con borato de zinc (BZ) y sometidos a tratamientos de intemperismo y biodeterioro. Se utilizaron concentraciones de BZ al 0, 1, 3 y 5 %; harina de madera de pino, malla 60 y polipropileno, en proporciones de 50/48, 50/47, 50/45 y 50/43, en función de la concentración de BZ. En todos los CPM, se adicionó 2 % de anhídrido maleico de polipropileno (MAPP) como agente acoplante. Los CPM se expusieron al intemperismo natural durante 6 meses y al biodeterioro con Gleophyllum trabeum (pudrición parda) y Trametes versicolor (pudrición blanca) mediante pruebas de agar (EN 350-1) y bloque suelo (ASTM D 2017-05). Se evaluaron las propiedades físicas de absorción e hinchamiento y las mecánicas de flexión estática, resistencia a la tracción y resistencia al impacto. Además de la alteración de la luminosidad y caracterización morfológica con microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). El borato de zinc no tuvo efecto en las propiedades mecánicas de los CPM sin tratamientos. Después del intemperismo, el BZ no incidió sobre la flexión estática y resistencia al impacto; aunque, se observó un efecto positivo en la resistencia a la tracción. En CPM expuestos a la biodegradación por hongos, el BZ influyó positivamente en la resistencia al impacto. Independiente de las bajas tasas de descomposición, el BZ fue eficaz contra la descomposición fúngica; las pérdidas de peso de los CPM expuestos en pruebas de agar y bloque de suelo no mostraron diferencias significativas.
Medición del índice de área foliar y su dinámica estacional en plantaciones de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake
Authors: Valdez-Lazalde José Rene , Hernández-Ramos Adrián , Ángeles-Pérez Gregorio , De los Santos-Posadas Héctor Manuel , Hernández-Ramos Jonathan , Peduzzi Alicia , Carrero Omar
Published: December 2020

El índice de área foliar (IAF, m2 m-2) es un indicador de productividad en las plantaciones forestales y puede usarse para describir la respuesta de los árboles a la aplicación de prácticas silvícolas. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar un método preciso y eficiente para estimar el IAF en plantaciones forestales comerciales de Eucalyptus urophylla. Paralelamente, se analizó la dinámica estacional del IAF durante un año. Se establecieron 28 unidades de muestreo en las que se realizaron mediciones mensuales de IAF, con los métodos de recolección de hojarasca (IAFHojarasca) y óptico (IAFÓptico). Además, se implementó un muestreo destructivo de 93 árboles para estimar el IAF mediante alométria (IAFAlométrico). Los valores promedio estimados de IAF fueron 2.7, 2.6 y 1.6 para el método alométrico, recolección de hojarasca y óptico, respectivamente. Esto implicó una subestimación promedio de 39 y 37 % del método óptico, en comparación con los métodos alométrico y de recolección de hojarasca. Un análisis de correlación de las estimaciones de IAF, obtenidas con los tres métodos aplicados, permitió identificar una alta asociación (r= 0.75, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson) entre los valores estimados con los métodos de recolección de hojarasca y óptico. Con base en este resultado (asociación) se ajustó un modelo de regresión, a fin de calibrar las mediciones indirectas (IAFÓptico) a un valor más preciso, IAFCalibrado. El valor máximo de IAF se registró en julio y agosto, meses del mayor crecimiento para E. urophylla en condiciones de plantación comercial en México.
Education in the Context of Digitalization and Culture: Evolution of the Teacher's Role, Pre-pandemic Overview
Authors: Kalimullina Olga , Tarman Bulent , Stepanova Irina
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted before the outbreak of the pandemic and now the results seem clear. The intensive forced use of distance technologies in the educational process has changed the approach to education forever. What exactly has changed? this is already a topic for new research. We suggest going back a little and see how the role of the teacher changed as the use of digital technologies intensified before the pandemic. This article analyzes the studies devoted to teachers’ experiences in interacting with digital environments, and reviews digital learning systems, environments, and tools. The study found that there are many opportunities, applications, and automated digital environments in the world, but none of them can, to a greater or lesser extent, do without a supervisor, or a teacher. In addition, the paper found that, despite the diversity of digital learning tools, that issues existed related to using such tools by teachers due to the lack of adequate digital competence or even because some teachers tend to have a negative attitude towards this new concept of education. Therefore, sufficient conditions and opportunities should be created for teachers to obtain the required digital competence and to explore the culture of digital technology in education and learning environments to succeed in the subsequent integration of digital technology into the field of education.
Identifikasi Praktik dan Hambatan Guru dalam Asesmen Kognitif Matematika di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Yansa Hajra , Retnawati Heri
Published: December 2020

This study aims to identify teachers' practices and barriers in carrying out a cognitive mathematics assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The type of research used is an online survey using a google form, which is spread over ten days via WhatsApp. This survey uses a qualitative approach. The research instrument was constructed from a pocketbook of periodic diagnostic assessment. A total of 78 primary to secondary school teachers from various regions in Indonesia participated. Data analysis was done descriptively, while data from open questions were analyzed using Atlasti 9. The study results present the practice of cognitive assessment regularly carried out by online-based mathematics teachers in high-grade elementary schools to secondary schools. In contrast, low-grade elementary schools are conducted by home visit. In practice, teachers experience several obstacles: the validity of the answers, limited time in the assessment, barriers from students themselves, and facilities. These obstacles cause the assessment results not to describe the cognitive level in-depth or provide valid and reliable information regarding students' achievement.
A Meta-Analysis Approach to Understanding Maya Fish Use on the Yucatán Peninsula
Authors: Alsgaard Asia V.
Published: December 2020

This meta-analysis uses seven previously published fish assemblages from sites in the northern Maya lowlands to evaluate if environmental or human social factors, such as elite status, provided impetus for the increased emphasis on coastal trade during the Terminal to Postclassic periods. Following the political decline of sites in the central and southern Maya lowlands during the Terminal Classic period, the northern Maya lowlands rose in prominence. As political systems changed, so too did economic systems. Using species area curves, richness, nestedness, non-metric multidimensional scaling, evenness, and differences in habitat, this paper addresses to what degree fish trade in the northern Maya lowlands was driven by habitat differences, site distance from the coast, time period, or social status. The results indicate social factors, rather than environmental, explain more of the variation in the fish taxonomic composition at each site. The different taxonomic communities are explained less by specific environmental factors, recovery methods, or identification procedures than by site distance from the coast and social context of the site (i.e., elite versus non-elite). These data demonstrate that meta-analyses can explain how access-based differences—such as site distance from the coast or due to the social context of a particular assemblage—are expressed among large faunal datasets within complex societies.
On the Burial Mounds of Ulaan Khermıın Shoroon Bumbagar (Maykhan Uul) and Shoroon Dov in Mongolia
Authors: YILMAZ Anıl
Published: December 2020

As archaeological researches increase about Early Medieval burial sites around Altai and Tengri (t’ien shan) mountains, our information about early Turkic tribes becomes more reliable. One of the cases that will help to enhance our understanding is the burial mounds found recently in Mongolia, named as Shoroon Dov and Ulaan Khermiin Shoroon Bumbagar.

Kurgans were excavated by joint archaeological teams in 2009 and 2011. They are close in proximity on both site of the river Tola. Also the artifacts of kurgans constitute an important source for the history of Tola valley around 630 CE. even for Orhon Uighur Khaganate (Ötüken/Great Uyghur Khaganate) established after 744 CE.

It must be admitted that every archaeologist studying the objects of the Gök Türks has a cherished dream to find the grave of one of the great steppe rulers. Sometimes this seemingly innocent vanity prevents the archaeologist from truly interpreting the archaeological artifacts. Thus, after the discovery of the Ulaan Khermiin Shoroon Bumbagar kurgan, some archaeologists claimed the idea that it should belong to one of the rulers of the Gök Türks.

In this article, based on the archaeological materials of this kurgans and comparing it with the artifacts of other burials dated to the same period, we try clarify to whom and the which civilization these burials might have belonged to.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN PARALLEL WITH THE FORMS OF AXIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF SOCIETY
Authors:   Ivan Bobersky Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Polishchuk Rostyslav
Published: December 2020

This article describes the hypothesis that sport originated and developed with forms of axial performance. It is noted that the physical education tradition was formed and modernized according to the axial principles of development of each era. What determines the transition of society from one level of development to another? Among the many reasons, the most important are socio-cultural revolutions, such as agricultural, industrial and scientific information. That is, it is progress, certain evolutionary steps that affect the development of society as a whole. We propose to consider the concept of axial time for each era (a combination of axial and wave approaches), ie the axial principle and the impact of human civilization on the formation and formation of physical education and sports culture. D. Bell considers the "axial principle" of the division of civilization "axis of production" and the knowledge used. For example, for industrial society such a criterion is the use of machines for the production of goods, and for post-industrial - scientific and primarily theoretical knowledge (which is a strategic resource, the axial principle of society). According to our concept, the whole historical process can be divided into large stages. The change of each of them is a change of the basic qualitative characteristics of the corresponding step of the historical process. The concept of the principle of axial productivity is not only production, but also the formation of a new worldview, which can be such a basis that describes the great qualitative steps in the development of world history. The revolution in the worldview is an integral part of the historical process. With its help there are profound qualitative changes in socio-cultural life, in political and economic relations, the public consciousness changes. In these periods, socio-cultural relations, on the one hand, are approaching the leading productive forces, and on the other hand, they themselves create a new level, which gives impetus to generate new worldview principles. Worldview trends were the guiding factor first in the formation and then the transformation of the system of physical education, physical culture and sports. Each stage of such development was permeated with the spirit of the corresponding cultural and historical epoch. It is emphasized that compared to the sport of the last century, the sport of the XXI century will develop much faster and more powerfully, and its main task will be to take care of leisure and human health in the economic globalization of the information society.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP INDEKS PRESTASI SEMESTER (IPS) MAHASISWA S1 KEPERAWATAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH GRESIK
Authors: Yunita Nourma , Mudlikah Siti
Published: December 2020

Masa depan dan keunggulan bangsa ditentukan oleh keunggulan sumber daya manusia (SDM) dalam sektor pendidikan. Berdasarkan data dari Dirjen dikti tahun 2017 menunjukkan masih banyaknya mahasiswa yang putus kuliah dikarenakan kurangnya minat dan motivasi dari mahasiswa dan peran serta dari orang tua sehingga hal tersebut menjadi kendala sebagian besar mahasiswa tidak melanjutkan studi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap indeks prestasi sementara mahasiswa S1 Keperawatan fakultas Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah GresikJenis penelitian Analitik, desain penelitian observasional, dengan pendekatan waktu cross sectional. Besar sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 60 mahasiswa dengan variabel independen (motivasi, minat, gaya belajar, dan dukungan orang tua) dan variabel dependen (IPS) dengan menggunakan uji Rank spearman correlation untuk mengetahui hubungan dari masing-masing variabel independen dengan variabel dependen. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara bersama-sama variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen menggunakan uji Regresi ordinal.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan motivasi tinggi (75%), minat tinggi (71,2%), gaya belajar visual (63,4%), dukungan baik dari orang tua (73,1%) dan IPS dengan pujian (88,5%). Kesimpulan analisis multivariat menunjukkan dukungan orang tua merupakan faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap IPS dibandingkan faktor motivasi, minat, dan gaya belajar mahasiswa.Katakunci: Motivasi, minat, gaya belajar, dukungan orang tua, IPS
Comparison of Effects of Trichuris muris and Spontaneous Colitis on the Proximal Colon Microbiota in C3H/HeJ and C3Bir IL10–/– Mice
Authors: Kopper Jamie J , Theis Kevin R , Barbu Nicholas I , Patterson Jon S , Bell Julia A , Gettings Jenna R , Mansfield Linda S
Published: December 2020

The nematode Trichuris muris has been shown to interact with specific enteric bacteria, but its effects on the composition of its host's microbial community are not fully understood. We hypothesized that Trichuris muris-infected mice would have altered colon microbiota
as compared with uninfected mice. Colon histopathology and microbial community structure and composition were examined in mouse models of colitis (C3BirTLR4–/– IL10–/– and C3H/HeJ TLR4–/– IL10+/+
mice) with and without T. muris infection, in uninfected C3BirIL10–/– mice with and without spontaneous colitis, and in normal C3H/ HeJ mice. T. muris-infected mice developed colon lesions that were more severe than those seen in IL10-deficient mice.
Ap- proximately 80% of infected IL10–/– mice had colon neutrophilic exudates, and some had extraintestinal worms and bacteria. The composition and structure of proximal colon microbiota were assessed by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis
targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Colon microbiota in C3BirIL10–/– and C3H/HeJ mice differed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Trichuris infection significantly altered the relative abundance of individual operational taxonomic units [OTU] but
not the composition (presence or absence of OTU) of colon microbiota in the 2 mouse genotypes. When C3BirIL10–/– and C3H/HeJ mouse OTU were considered separately, Trichuris was found to affect the microbiota of C3BirIL10–/–
mice but not of C3H/HeJ mice. Even though 34 of the 75 (45%) C3BirIL10–/– mice had spontaneous colitis, neither qualitative nor quantitative differences were detected in microbiota between colitic or noncolitic C3BirIL10–/– mice or
noncolitic C3H/HeJ mice. Therefore, Trichuris-infected mice developed distinct microbial communities that were influenced by host background genes; these alterations cannot be attributed solely to colonic inflammation.
Microtoponyms Derived from Phytonyms in the Karachay-Balkar Language
Authors: Tekuev Mussa Maskhutovich , Khubolov Sakhadin Magametovich , Miziev Akhmat Magometovich
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify structural and semantic features of the Karachay-Balkar mictrotoponyms derived from phytonyms. The work is novel in that it is the first to analyse the toponyms derived from plant names, which are present in areas with high concentration of the Karachays and the Balkars. The sources of the considered toponymical vocabulary were the materials found in specialised lexicographical papers. The research findings have shown that the studied mictrotoponyms are represented by monolexemic, bilexemic and trilexemic nominations consisting of plant names, as well as of other words of different parts of speech.
Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Soni Ahirrao  , Vinanti Bhoeer  , Shivani Patil  , Himani Jawale
Published: December 2020

Breast Cancer is highly predominant in women in today’s world. It starts in the breast during the initial stages and spreads to other areas of the body after some period of time. Breast cancer is the second-largest disease leading to the death of women. The disease is curable if detected early enough. Breast Cancer Application monitors the abnormal growth of breast cells during the early stages. They are often diagnosed during the advanced stages of breast cancer. It is the second most diagnosed cancer in women, affecting one in every eight women. Our project comprises two modules, first consists of an application with user login and self-test examine section where and the second section consists of identifying benign and malignant cells. The second section will be used by doctors' side for the detection of abnormalities of breasts as early as possible by providing the user screening data set. It contains Machine Learning techniques for the classification of malignant and benign tumors. There are more treatment options and a better chance of survival. If breast cancer is detected during the early stages then there is a 93 percent of higher survival rate in the first five years.
ON-THE-JOB TRAINING IN INDIA: ACCESS, DETERMINANTS, AND THE IMPACT ON EARNINGS
Authors: Sarkar Anupam
Published: December 2020

Workplace training or
on-the-job training (OJT) is important from the point of view of both the
organisation and the employees. It affords new skills, learning opportunities,
and career mobility to the workers. From the employers' perspective, OJT helps in
increasing productivity and efficiency of operations. However, in the context
of India, very few studies have looked into the determinant factors behind OJT
by firms, their perspective on the importance of OJT, and the challenges they
face with regard to the provision of OJT. Similarly, studies on the access to
OJT by the workers and impact on their earnings are largely absent. The present
paper touches upon some of these aspects using the Enterprises Survey of the
World Bank (ES 2014) and the Period Labour Force Survey of National Statistical
Organisation (PLFS 2017-18). The study finds that in India there exists a strong
association between the provision of formal training by the firms and the size
of the firms, their inclination to innovation, and quality certification by
international agencies. In the manufacturing sector government enterprises
still provide the best opportunities for training. On the other hand,
individual worker level data reveals that access to the OJT is associated with
the place of residence, educational level, sector, age, and gender. Although
OJT improves the earnings of the workers, there exists a wide gender inequality
in earning even among the OJT trained workers.
Communicable disease outbreaks: Ethics in an outbreak
Authors: Ward Jeanette E
Published: December 2020

This fifth article in a series on communicable disease outbreaks explores ethical aspects of public health action, information disclosure and research in an epidemic.
Sequences and Polynomial Congruence
Authors: Cox Darrell , Ghosh Sourangshu
Published: December 2020

In this paper we shall find a new connection between nth degree polynomial mod p congruence with n roots and higher order Fibonacci and Lucas sequences. We shall first discuss about the recent work been done in sequences and their connection to polynomial congruence and then find out new relations between particular recurrence relation and the congruence of the sequences
Multilevel rhythms in multimodal communication
Authors: Pouw Wim , Proksch Shannon , Drijvers Linda , Gamba Marco , Holler Judith , Kello Chris , Schaefer Rebecca S , Wiggins Geraint
Published: December 2020

It is now widely accepted that the brunt of animal communication is conducted via several modalities, e.g. acoustic and visual, either simultaneously or sequentially. This is a laudable multimodal turn relative to traditional accounts of temporal aspects of animal communication which have focused on a single modality at a time. However, the fields that are currently contributing to the study of multimodal communication are highly varied, and still largely disconnected given their sole focus on a particular level of description or their particular concern with human or non-human animals. Here we provide an integrative overview of converging findings that show how multimodal processes occurring at neural, bodily, as well as social interactional levels each contribute uniquely to the complex rhythms that characterize communication in human and non-human animals. Though we address findings for each of these levels independently, we conclude that the most important challenge in this field is to identify how processes at these different levels connect.
Gender inequality and not female mentors hinder female scientists career outcomes
Authors: Diele-Viegas Luisa Maria , Almeida Thamara S , Amati-Martins Iris , Bacon Christine D. , Silva Cibele de Cassia , Collevatti Rosane G. , Cordeiro Tabata E F , Fenker Jessica , Ferrari Giuliana , Franco Ana C S , Gasparetto Luiza F , Hipolito Juliana , Hohlenwerger Camila , Hormanseder Beatriz , Jesus Priscila B , Matos Suzana , Mejia Daniela P. , Murer Beatriz M , Pavone Carla B , Pilecco Flavia B. , Queiroz Caren , Reis Alice , Santana Pamela C , Silva Fernanda , Souza Lucy , Telles Mariana P C , Viaggi Jemilli , Virginio Flavia
Published: December 2020

Studies on gender disparity in academia generate constructive discussions to promote equality. In a recently published study, AlShebli et al. 2020 analyzed the role of informal mentorship in supporting early-career scientists and how gender may shape scientific careers. Besides presenting methodological flaws, the study culminates in the authors' conclusion that mentoring quality is determined by the mentor's gender, suggesting that female protégés reap more benefits when mentored by males rather than equally-impactful females. Despite acknowledging that possible causal factors were not considered in their analyses, they attest that the success of female scientists' careers relies on opposite-gender mentorships in terms of publication and impact. Although the authors state that these findings add a new perspective to the policy debate on the best ways to elevate the women in science, their conclusions reinforce the traditional patriarchal, biased scientific structure that stimulates a poorly diversified hierarchical chain in STEM. Here we highlight the study's methodological weaknesses and major issues that must be addressed to avoid the perpetuation of gender disparity in science.
Police perceptions of eyewitness impairment due to alcohol and other drug use: a cross-cultural comparison
Authors: Monds Lauren Ann , Cullen Hayley Joanne , Kloft Lilian , Sumampouw Nathanael Elnadus Johanes , van Golde Celine , Harrison Anthony , Otgaar Henry
Published: December 2020

Victims, witnesses, and suspects of crime are frequently intoxicated by Alcohol or Other Drugs (AOD) during the event. How intoxication is perceived by investigating officers, and the manner in which this is handled during interview procedures, can affect the quality of information obtained and therefore investigative outcomes. Various factors are likely to contribute to how intoxication is handled during the investigation of a crime, including standard procedures, familiarity with the effects of different substances, and cultural attitudes. While findings with respect to the effect of different substances on memory are still emerging, it is important to investigate whether police beliefs are consistent with available evidence. In this study, Australian and Indonesian police officers were surveyed about their perceptions of memory accuracy and credibility of victims and witnesses intoxicated with various substances (e.g., alcohol, cannabis, amphetamines, and opioids). A higher proportion of Australian police identified larger negative memory effects associated with alcohol intoxication. At the same time, Indonesian police were found to be more likely to report that intoxication with alcohol would make a victim or witness less credible. With regard to timing, across multiple substances, larger proportions of Australian police reported believing that information obtained from witnesses that were still intoxicated would be more accurate than if interviewed after they became sober. It is concluded that, in order to rectify misconceptions about the impact of AOD intoxication on memory and improve investigative practices, both Australian and Indonesian police would benefit from additional training on the effects of intoxication.
Is it riskier to meet 100 people outdoors or 14 people indoors? Comparing public and expert perceptions of COVID-19 risk
Authors: Timmons Shane , Belton Cameron , Robertson Deirdre A , Barjaková Martina , Lavin Ciarán , Julienne Hannah , Lunn Peter D
Published: December 2020

How do people perceive and integrate multiple contextual risk factors for COVID-19 infection? We elicited risk perceptions from a nationally representative sample of the public (N = 800) using three psychologically-distinct tasks. Responses were compared to a sample of medical experts who completed the same tasks. The public underestimated the risk associated with environmental factors (such as whether a gathering takes place indoors or outdoors) and the implications when multiple risk factors are present. Our results are consistent with a heuristic simply to ‘avoid people’ and with a coarse (e.g. ‘safe or unsafe’) classification of social settings. A further task, completed only by the general public sample, generated novel evidence that when the risk of infection competes against a risk in another domain (e.g. a different medical risk), people perceive a lower likelihood of contracting the virus. The results have implications for public health communications and psychological theory.