bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of doping by Fe and Sn on the physical properties of Nickel. oxide thin films prepared by Spin coating
Authors: Hardan Thyab  Ghanem  , Ayed Najem Saleh
Published: April 2023

We have prepared pure nickel oxide  films and those codoped Which are With iron and tin on glass substrate using spin coating . (XRD) measurement shows that the films prepared with Molars concentration (0.3M) and annealing temperature (573 k) were found to be Amorphous structure and annealing at (723k) temperature, change into polycrystalline. the optical properties show ,they transport records value as between (72-85)% for  all films. The energy gap decreases with the increase of doping while Urbach energy increases with doping . The electrical properties were studied from variation of conductivity and increase with temperature range (308-373) 0k, while the activation energy decrease with temperature. The type of majority carriers of films were found using Hall effect measurements. It has also been found that the Nickel oxide is P-type while the Tin oxide is N-type. The carries concentration decreases with the increase of doping while Mobility, coefficient Hall and resistance increases  with doping
INVESTIGATION OF GAMMA-RAYSATTENUATION IN METALLIC POWDERS USING GAMMA- GAMMACOINCIDENCE METHOD
Authors: Mahmoud A.  Elawi  , Khalid H. Mahdi  , Rasha W. Kleib
Published: April 2023

Gamma-rays attenuation in metallic powders is investigated using coincidence technique with two 3ʺx3ʺ NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors. Na-22 source isused with 0.4µCi activity and resolving time registered was 6.7 ns. Linear attenuation coefficient (L.A.C) measurements were carried out at 511keV energy for Fe3O4 and ZrSiO4 metallic powders with uniform 100µm grains size and Fe sheets locally available (for comparison) with different thicknesses. The L.A.C values (in cm-1) calculated from direct spectra were 0.2705, 0.2641and 0.6239 for the materials respectively. The L.A.C values calculated from coincidence spectra using net peak area NPA were 0.2363, 0.2152 and 0.6231 and with using gross peak area GA were 0.2092, 0.1974 and 0.5261 respectively. The mass attenuation coefficient M.A.C (in cm²/g) for Fe sheets from direct spectra was 0.0792 and from coincidence spectra was 0.0791 and 0.0660 for NPA and GA respectively. The ratio of L.A.C from coincidence spectrum / L.A.C from direct spectrum were 0.7733, 0.7474 and 0.8432 using GA and 0.8735, 0.8148 and 0,9987 using NPA respectively.
USE OF GAMMA–GAMMA COINCIDENCE TECHNIQUE IN INVESTIGATING GAMMA – RAYS ATTENUATION AT DIFFERENT ENERGIES
Authors: Mahmoud A. Elawi  , LaithA. Abbas  , Sarwa A. M. Salih
Published: April 2023

A gamma–gamma fast –slow coincidence spectrometer composed of two 3"×3"NaI(Tl) detectors  and peripheral electronics is used in investigating some effects on the photo peak  after the penetration of gamma –rays from lead. Coincidence measurements are carried out using Na-22 source with selecting the 511 keV gate. Linear and mass attenuation (in cm²/g) coefficients measurements are made using lead sheets with dimensions 10×10 cm. Mass attenuation coefficient was measured for coincidence spectrum at 511 keV and found to be 0.114 and 0.140 for direct spectrum. Also coincidence and direct spectra measurements were carried out using Co-60 source with 1332 and 1173 keV gates. Mass attenuation coefficient at 1173 keV was 0.0460 for coincidence spectrum and 0.0522 for direct spectrum. At 1332 keV the same coefficient was0.0432 for coincidence spectrum and 0.0452 for direct spectrum. Mass attenuation coefficients values from coincidence measurement are lower than those in direct measurement at same energies
Molecular characterization of nine grapevine varieties cultivated in Salahaldin, Iraq by using RAPD-PCR marker
Authors: Maan Hasan Al_yassine
Published: April 2023

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of important economic fruit crops found in Salahaldin province \ Iraq. To examine the Molecular characterization and genetic relationships among nine grape varieties by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker. Fifteen RAPD primers produced polymorphic band (71, 56%), while two RAPD primers yielded monomorphic bands only. The size of the fragment ranged between 250-2700 bp, with an average of 5.47 band/primer. A total of 20 unique and absent bands used to identify seven cultivars. This study has found that genetic distance values ranged from 0.092 to 0.277 among studied grape cultivars. The cluster analysis showed there were two main groups (G1 and G2). These results proposed RAPD marker as rapid, easy and power marker for Molecular characterization and genetic analysis among grapevine.
Study the level of some serum lipid profile parameters in patients with an ischemic heart disease
Authors: Layla Abd Alsattar Sadiq  , Eman Salman Hassan
Published: April 2023

Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a dangerous because it restricts the blood flow to the arteries which lead to a atherosclerosis.                                                    
The study aimed to detect the effect of serum lipids on the IHD occurrence for( 59)patients in Kirkuk General hospital form the period of 1st  September /2014 till  the end of  December  2014.          
The serum lipids including Triglycerides(TG),Cholesterol and High density lipoprotein (HDL) were estimate by using enzymatic colorimetric method.                                   
The study result indicated that there is  a significant relationship between cholesterol and TG level and disease occurrence among the age group (60-69) and (70-79) years of age and there was  a statistically relationship between these biochemical variable (cholesterol, HDL and TG in IHD occurrence in female.
The study concluded that (TG) level in blood is one of the important risk factor in IHD development
Evaluation of Serum Paraoxonase and Lipid Profile in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Pre and post Hemodialysis
Authors: Entedhar  R. Sarhat  , ,   Nawal A. Al- Madani  , Nazar. A. Naji
Published: April 2023

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) is the progressive and irreversible loss of normal functioning of kidneys. this is associated with increased levels of some biochemical parameters and decreased others. This study aims to evaluate the value of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity as biochemical marker for patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after hemodialysis (HD).
The samples of this study consists of 100 patients (55 males, 45 females) and 100 apparently healthy individuals (57 males, 43 females) from 20 - 70 years  old of age. All patients included in this study were those who were receiving hemodialysis therapy  in the dialysis unit in Kirkuk general Hospital from the period between February 2013 and May 2014. Serum PON1, BU, Cr, TC, TG, HDL, LDL levels were measured by spectrophotometric methods.Paraoxonase1 activity level was significantly lower in cases of CRF patients than in normal healthy control in pre hemodialysis (HD). It's level was significantly increased in post HD (P> 0.05). The blood urea (BU), serum creatinine (Cr), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher than normal healthy control in pre HD (P˂ 0.05), In post HD their levels were significantly decreased as compared to the pre HD (P˂ 0.05) but still lower than normal control, the serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) of CRF patients was significantly lower than normal controls (P˂ 0.05) in pre HD and was significantly increased in post HD as compared to pre HD but remained lower than normal healthy control. Conclusion: PON1 activity was significantly decreased in CRF patients before HD and significantly increased  after HD but remained lower than controls. PON1 was significantly and negatively correlated with the age, BMI, duration of disease, BU, Cr, TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL. This study demonstrates that there is an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis by increasing TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and decreasing HDL.
Study the effect of adding silver nanoparticles on the electrical properties of the binary system mixture of compounds with liquid crystal properties
Authors: Osama A. Ibrhim  , Emaad Al-Tikrity  , Issam A. Al latif  , Hanah Kaan Salih
Published: April 2023

The importance of the compounds which have liquid crystalline properties comes from its uses in a lot of practical applications; therefore the study of its electrical properties and the effect of the nanoparticles on its electrical properties are considered one of the most important things.
In this study many of organic compounds have been prepared and then diagnosed by using the IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and also the Polarized light microscopy.
And then we selected two compounds that possess liquid crystalline properties and we made a combination of the bilateral system, and we got the less temperature at a concentration of (53% A).This combination of the bilateral system diagnosed by using the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Polarized light microscopy.
Silver nanoparticles have been prepared and then diagnosed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and also the Atomic-force microscopy (AFM).
The addition of silver nanoparticles by mixing of a certain percentage from it with the mixture of the bilateral system at the construction of (53% A) plays an important role in the changing of the electrical properties of the bilateral system mixture, for this reason the silver nanoparticles has been chosen in this research to study the effect of adding it to the mixture of the bilateral system, on the electrical properties of the mixture.
We noticed through the LCR meter an increasing of the electrical conductivity of the mixture by the existence of silver nanoparticles in a concentration of (53% A).
Oxidized LDL and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Luma Abdalmunim Baker
Published: April 2023

Oxidized LDL cholesterol (ox-LDL) is considered to be a key factor of initiating and accelerating coronary heart disease CHD and diabetes Mellitus DM , is associated with several mechanisms one of them Oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to find the association between ox- LDL ,HDL-C , TG , LDL-C and arylesterase , with CHD risk in different age groups in males and females , the difference in these risk factors can explain the sex difference and how much the changes in the risk factors levels in CHD and CHD with DM patients between age groups.
Methods: determination biochemical parameters of serum blood of ox-LDL , TG , TC , HDL-c , LDL-c , S. Glucose and arylesterase activity were measured in cases male and females were carried CHD and CHD with DM .The cases divided in different the age  groups (40-49) , (50-59) and (60-69) years and compered the result with control groups .
Results: mean Value of ox-LDL and oxidation ratio of LDL show significantly higher at (p<0.05) in CHD and (p<0.001) in CHD with DM patient for females  in the age group (40-49) years but in the males show the results significant decrease  and different significant in others groups ,beside to effect Sex and age some the studied biochemistry parameters levels and signification decrease in HDL-C and arylesterase levels as antioxidant enzymes in females and male patient selected compared with control groups.
Synthesis and Studies Pd(II)-NHC complexes with thiosaccharinate, saccharinate or benzothiazolinate ligands
Authors: Mohammed H.S. Al-Jibori  , Nabeel H. Buttrus  , Ahmed S.M. Al-Janabi
Published: April 2023

Three cis-chelating di-N-heterocyclic carbene palladium(II) complexes [Pd(X)2(di- NHC)] (X= tsac, sac and bit) tsac= thiosaccharinate, sac= saccharinate, bit= benzisothiazolinate, bearing different anionic co-ligand was synthesized and characterized. A series of palladium(II) complexes (2-5) bearing cis-chelating homo-dicarbene ligand with varying propylene-bridged (C3) and N-heterocyclic backbones (imidazole) have been synthesized by reaction of [Pd(OAc)2] with the respective diazolium bromides in DMSO, have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra and 1H NMR. These compounds are all stabilized in the sold state. The bidentate (diNHC) ligand together with two N-coordenated  sac , bit and two S-coordenated tsac  ligand, from the square planar coordination geometry around the palladium(II) ion.
A new learning rate based on Andrei method for training feed-forward artificial neural networks
Authors: Khalil  K. Abbo  , Hassan H. Abrahim  , Firdos A. Abrahim
Published: April 2023

In this paper we developed a new method for computing learning rate for Back-propagation algorithm to train a feed-forward neural networks. Our idea is based on the approximating the inverse Hessian matrix for the error function originally suggested by Andrie. Experimental  results show that the proposed method considerably improve the convergence rate  of the  Back-propagation algorithm for the chosen test problem.
On Supra – Separation Axioms for Supra Topological Spaces
Authors: B. K. Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

Through the concepts of supra open sets and supra  we introduce a new class of separation axioms and study some of their properties. We could comparative between these two items. At last we investigate the hereditary and other properties of them
DETERMINATION OF HEPCIDIN CONCINTRATION AND MANY HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETESTYPE 2 IN BALAD CITY
Authors: Duraid Jafar Toma Al-harbawi  , Wedad Mahmood Lahmood Al-obaidi
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by excessive blood sugar caused by a defect in insulin secretion or function, there are two main types of diabetes: namely, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type I) known as childhood diabetes, The second type is non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and usually affects adults after the age of forty. Hepcidin is the main organizer of the iron  metabolism inHuman and in the rest of mammals.
The aim of the study:

Examine the relationship between the concentrations of each of the hepcidin, glycated hemoglobin HBA1C and ferritin and iron in patients with type II diabetes as well as healthy control.
Examine the relationship between these virables with each other and with other virables.

Materials and Methods: The concentration of hepcidin hormone and other biochemical variables was examined in (80) patients with diabetes type II, divided into two groups (39) males and (41) females.  Age ranged  between (34-75)  years.  Samples have been collected from patients who visited Balad General hospital laboratory and Dijla Private Laboratory in Balad District. At the same time , blood of (25) healthy volunteers was collected. Sample was divided into 2.5 ml in EDTA tube for hematological tests like complete blood count and HbA1C and 2.5 ml in heparin anticoagulated tube for chemical tests like blood sugar, Iron, Total iron binding capacity  and Hepcidin.
Results and Discussion: The results study showed a significant relationship (P<0.05) between the concentration of Hepcidinin patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy persons for both sexes . Also  hepcidin concentration tend to increase in female patients as compared with male  patients.
It was also noted that there was a statistically significant relationship between hepcidin and ferritin concentration (p<0.05), as well as between iron and Hepcidin concentration (p < 0.05), with no statistical relationship between iron binding capacity (TIBC) and the concentration of hepcidin.
The study showed a Positive correlation between the concentration of Hepcidinand count of red blood cells in people with type 2 diabetes when compared with healthy people.
Conclusion: The average concentration of hepcidin was found to be higher among females than that among males. Also, there was an increase in the concentration of Hepcidin compared with  healthy people.
Taxonomical and Chemical for Certain spesies of the genus Papaver L. from Papaveraceae grown in Province Dohuk – Iraq
Authors: Zaineb Khalil Ibraheem Al-Allawi  , Yasin Mohammad Ahmed
Published: April 2023

The current research include taxonomic study of the types and forms of  Genus poppy Papaver L.which growth in the government of Dohuk . eight species of which two have been diagnosed with the for the first time in Iraq in general and in the Government of Dohuk in particular on the chemical basis of the travel depending on the type and quantity of narcotic vehicles in all type and these types is (Papaveracrochaetum Bornm. , P.hybridum L., P.orientale L., P.somniferum var.paeoniflorum L., P.glaucum Boiss., P.macrostomum Boiss., P. rhoeas L., P. syriacum Boiss. ) .Where opium was extracted from the fruits of these plants have been identified, and more alkaline compounds that impact the drug in these plants which Morphin, Codiene, Theabine, Noscapine, Papaverine, were also identified the presence or absence of each compound Previously with reference to the plant and substance abuse located where the risk of where the material recorded papaverine in all species found the upper percentage in P.somniferum 18.4% and the lower percentage in P.orientale 3.6% ,and the compound Morphine was found in all species except the species P.macrostomum the upper percentage was 11.5 % in P.somniferum and  the little in P.acrochaetum while the Codiene and Noscapine were not found in any species and the Thebiene was found in all species the high quantity was 11.4 % P.glaucum and low in P.syriacum 4.9%
Effect of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on lung tissue and concentration of enzyme Carbonic anhydrase in the New Zealand white rabbit
Authors: Farah M. Ghazal  , Muna H. Jankeer  , Hafidh I. Al-Sadi
Published: April 2023

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of variable doses of Multi Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) 1,3,5 mg/ml/kg body weight on lung weight and their effect on the concentration of Carbonic anhydrase(CA), morphological and histopathological changes of the males New Zealand white rabbits, In this study  was used 40 New Zealand white rabbit of males, their ages range between (12-18 months) divided into four groups, ten for each group which intratracheal instillation with Nanoparticles, At days 7 and 90 post exposure, The blood , lung and trachea tissue samples were collected for each group.
The exposure with Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes led to significant increase in the lung weight of all groups by increasing the dose and the exposure  period compared with control group, While the effect of carbon nanotubes in the lung function was represented by estimating the concentration of enzyme Carbonic anhydrase in blood serum that led to significant increase in the concentration of the enzyme for all groups compared with control group, And the effect of carbon nanotubes were studied on morphological and histological changes in each of the lung and trachea of exposure rabbit compared with control group, the morphological and histological changes in the lung and trachea of exposure rabbit with MWCNTs after 7 days of exposure, included whiting the upper surface of the lobes, sever infiltration of the mixed inflammatory cells (mono and polymorphonuclear), hyperatrophy of the tissue, muscular hyperatrophy of bronchi and fibrosis of the region, while after 90 days of exposure, the histological change were similar to that occurred after 7 days of exposure but more clear. Thus it shows that the lung was most affected organ by this tubes, which approved by histological examination of  lung.
Investigation at the molecular level for a nifgenes to bacteria klebsiella pneumoniea the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Authors: Fawz Abdul Salam K.AL-Saffar  , Abdul Razak K. Mahmood  , Najwa I. AL- Barhawi
Published: April 2023

This research was aimed at detection on three nitrogen fixation genes nifK , nifD , nifH in 21 K. pneumonia pathogenic isolates which obtained from Prof. Jean-Marc in Leicester British  university by using PCR technique and four specific primers P1, P2 , P5 , P6 and compare it with K. pneumoniae 342 standard strain. The results showed presence of two bands for each isolate with M.W 0.5 Kbp  comparing  with 1 Kbp of the marker.
effect of Ethanol on the kidney of the white rat Rattus norvegicus followed by treatment with camel milk (histological study)
Authors: Mahmood Nawfel Mustafa  , Aziz Khaled Hameed
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to identify the influence of alcohol in the inducing histological lesions in the kidney of  white rats and the possibility of treating these effects by using camel milk. In this study ,12 rats were used and randomly divided into three groups each group contained four animals, the first group was control group had been fed by usual diet and administrated by distilled water, second and third groups administrated by ethanol for 3 months (a dose began at 10% v / v / day and gradually increase to up to 15% v / v / day), then Group C were treated by camel milk with open dose for one month , the results of the current study, showed that the second group occurrence of a number of histopathological lesions in the kidney tissue represented by infiltration of lymphocytes with the occurrence of fibrosis within the overall tissues and thickening walls of the blood vessels in addition to the destroyed of some glomeruli and desquamation of the lining epithelial of proximal and distal tubules and destroyed of others , and accumulation of hyaline crystals in lumen of others, As for the third group it had been observed most of the kidney tissues returned to a semi-natural state.
Zinc deficiency and therapeutic role of sesame seeds on some physiological aspects of reproduction and growth in pregnant rats and its neonates
Authors: Measer A. Ahmed  , Saleh M. Rahim  , Aziz KH. Hamid
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to find the Effect of zinc deficiency on some reproductive parameters among female rats and the growth of its neonates and to assess the therapeutic role of the sesame seeds. The research contained 35 pregnant females rats they were divided into seven groups, the first was control, the second was fed diet poor in zinc, the third group added sesame to diet poor in zinc and the fourth group was treated with diet poor in zinc added to it vitamin C. Groups five, six and seven were given poor zinc diet in the first, second and third trimester, respectively. The results showed a significant decrease of Prolactin (PRL) level in studied groups except in vitamin C group which showed no significant differences in value (P≤0.05) compared with a poor zinc diet group. While there were increasing in the FSH and LH levels in all studied groups except the first week which showed no significant difference  compared with a poor zinc diet.  Results indicated a significant decrease in the level of Estrogen(E2) in the first and third weeks, and increased its level in vitamin C and the second week groups, while sesame seeds group showed no significant difference compared with the poor zinc diet Group. The results showed an increased level of Progesterone (PRO) significantly in the second and the third week groups and a decrease in the sesame seeds and the first week groups, and the lack of significant difference in the vitamin C group compared with the poor zinc Group. The results showed a high level of superoxide dismutase( SOD) Glutathione (GSH) and low level of malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly in the studied groups except for the second week group appeared no  significant difference in the level of GSH and MDA compared with a poor zinc diet group. The results of neonates showed significant increasing in the length of the body in sesame seeds and vitamin C groups, while showed no significant differences in the group of first, second and third weeks compared to poor zinc diet. Studied groups showed also a significant increase in body weight except for the second week group which showed a significant decrease, while the third week group did not show significant differences compared with the poor zinc diet Group. The results showed a significant decrease in mortality rate and the level of MDA in the brain,  liver and placenta tissue extract  in all groups except the second week group which showed a significant increase in the mortality rate and the level of liver MDA and placenta and in the first week  in liver MDA only in comparison with a poor zinc diet group.
Biochemical study of antioxidants level in saliva and serum of obese individuals who have a family history of type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Maha Amjaad Hameed  , Rafah Razooq Hameed  , Amina Hameed Obeidi
Published: April 2023

The study includes a comparative study  biochemical  comparative study  between the blood and saliva at some pointers early diagnosis for diabetes type II in obese people and over weight ,as this study was conducted on 150 sample (males and females) of  blood serum and saliva ,as she was the first set of blood serum of fat people with over  weight and they have not family history of second type ΙΙ diabetes obese and over weight people have a family history of diabetes.                                                                                                                                       
The concentration of glucose was measured, glutathione, the effectiveness of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase, Catalase, malondialdehyde, peroxy nitrit nitrit peroxy, uric acid, total protein, albumin, triglycerides s, cholesterol, fat high_ density HDL_C, fat low -density LDL-C-very low fat density VLDL-C, the proportion of body mass index- BMI and age of each sample.                                              
Results indicated that the  presence of  artificial  increasing  in the level of glucose to blood serum and obese of fat people who are over wight and who have family history of diabetes they are comparred whith the control group, while the level of glutathione is high in the blood serum and there are no artificl  difference  in the saliva  enzayme glutathione the lack of artifical diffrence of plasma and the decline in the saliva of the enzyme catalase, high moral in the blood serum and no difference in the saliva of the level of dual malondialdehyde, an artifical increaing in blood serum and saliva to the level of peroxy nitrit, no signifigant diffrence in the serum of blood and decreasing in the saliva of he level of uric acid ,a significant increasing in blood serum and saliva decline in the level of total protein was observed ,no significant diffrence in blood serum and saliva decreasing in the level of albumin people who have a history of diabetes.
 the level of fat in the serum of blood and saliva (triglycerides, cholesterol, high_ density fat, low fat and very density) were studied among the groups .The results showed a significant increasing in serum blood, saliva tripal fat, cholesterol, fat low density, and very few fat density aggregates while there is no significant diffrence of fats serum high_ density and high in the saliva obese people have a family history of diabetes is. so observed .So these results are early diagnosis for diabetes type II in the blood serum and saliva of obese people who have a family history of diabetes.
Biochemical and experimental Study for the effect of Date Palm Pollen grains and isolated flavonoids on the levels of steroid hormones in sera of Adult females Rabbits
Authors: Abdul-Monaim H. Al –Samarrai  , Rafah Razoq H.Al –Samarrai  , Nuha sami H. Al- Samarrai
Published: April 2023

The effect of DPP grains, isolated flavonoids were carried out on the levels of steroid hormone and Lipid profile in sera of adult female rabbits.
This animals were divided into seven groups, which include. acontrol group, G1,G2,G3:groups which orally treated with (12,24,36)mg/kg/day of DPP grain while groupsG4,G5,G6:orally treated with (5,10,15) mg/kg/day of isolated DDP.
-Testosterone significantaly increased in G3,G4,G6  as compared with C while with no significant change in other groups.
-Estradiol significantaly increased in G2 as compared with C and Significantaly decreased in G3,G4,G5, G6 as compared with C .
-progesterone significantaly increased in G3,G4,G5,G6 as compared with C .
-Prolactin significantaly decreased in G2,G4,G5,as compared with C.
Study of rock slope stability for formation outcrops in limb north eastern poor anticline North Iraq
Authors: Mohammad. R. Abood  , Amera. I. Hussein  , Marwan. A. Marhon
Published: April 2023

This Study aims at rock Slopes Stability for formation in limb northـeastern poor anticline (Fatha, Injana and Mukdadyah). In (5) Stations, representing all types of failures (taken place and possible). General Survey for rock Slopes included Classification and engineering description according to [1][2]. The slopes in the area are Classified based on the direction of the Strike Slopes and Strike of  beds into Parallel and Oblique Lateral Slopes according to [3] Classification and the Slope Types are Concordant Slope and discordant Slope.
The main modes of Failures involved rock Fall and Toppling. The Plane Sliding possible with existence conditions must occurrence of Failure. In addition to rolling and Slumping Which Some times Follows the above mentioned Modes of Failures. The main reasons for Failures occurring are differential Weathering Which Cause to over hanging Slopes by under Cutting in addition to the discontinuities in rocks Masses.
The use of digital elevation model and GIS for geometric analysis of water reservoir to feed the hypothetical irrigation project west Makhoul in Salahuddin province
Authors: Rahman Hamoud Mudhi  , Sabbar Abdullah Salih  , Raad Hubei Arzouki
Published: April 2023

The reservoir under study is one of the basic components of the supposedly irrigation project, the geometric analysis of the reservoir was conducted, the geometric elements were extracted from the DEM, which are represented by the positive volume (the volume of islands), negative volume (volume of water storage), positive planner area (the projections of islands), negative planner area (area of evaporation), positive surface area (undulated surface of islands), negative surface area (bottom wetted area), average thickness of islands and the average of depth, at selected levels of the reservoir, the relations between geometric elements and water level, and geometric elements with each other, reveal that the positive volume and positive areas typically fluctuated with the changes of water level, because the immersion of islands and emergence of new other islands with the rising of levels, these elements are important for the future uses for these positive areas, as well as in the future maintain within the reservoir, and the way of movement between parts, and possible problems due to landslides from the positive parts towards the negative ones.
The negative volume and negative areas are very important in the operational policy of the reservoir, which are a positive not fluctuated relationships, the negative volume, negative planar and surface areas increased with the beginning of the level rising as low sharpness, then the sharpness of these relationships increased because of the relatively large increase of these elements after the departure of reserve from the original stream of Al-Jafr valley to its shoulders.
The study also showed that the topography of the bottom and the islands are not significantly complicated, that facilitating the use of the area for tourism purposes and the construction of other parts of the irrigation project.
According to the derived geometric elements from the digital elevation model, mathematical model were developed for predicting the water levels which are achieved inside the reservoir in terms of water volume that is pumped into the reservoir, that have great significance in the operational program for the project.
The study reflect that the supposed reservoir may contain twirled reserve of water enough for up to 20 days of continuous pumping to the main channel with average pumping 50 m3/s, the operator can control the volume of storage by the operational program which is subject to the variation of demand in the main and secondary channels.
Construction of a Control Chart Using SSM for Multivariate t Distribution Data
Authors: Hayfa Abdul Jawad Saieed  , Delshad Shaker Ismail Botani  , Adnan Mustafa Hussein AL-Sinjary
Published: April 2023

The main purpose of this research is to construct a chart for controlling the mean and variance together of a data distributed multivariate t distribution using State Space Model (SSM) through applying Bayes' Factors (BF). The constructed control chart will undertake the case when parameters' vector is unknown and variance matrix is known. Then, drawing the series of these factors on the univariate modified EWMA chart after assuming that the series has an ARMA (1,1) model. Finally, applying assumed model on simulated data.
Study the effect of obesity on the liver and kidney of the white rats embryos followed by using of grape seed oil to treat it. (morphological and histological study)
Authors: Rashid Khamees Shaaban  , Aziz Khalid Hameed
Published: April 2023

The present study was designed to identify the effect of obesity on liver and kidneys rats fetuses Rattus norvegicus and the ability of grape seeds oil to treat these effects.
The present study used 12 female rat which divided randomly into three groups (each group containing four female) the first group was control group administrated only normal diet and water, the second group was fed a high fat diet for three months, the third groups fed a high fat diet for three months and treated with grape seed oil at a dose of 0.1 ml/ kg body weight. The results showed the effect of a high fat diet lead to inducing morphological changes in fetuses included decrease in the numbers and sizes of fetuses in the horns of uterus with shortness in the limbs. The histological lesions included necrosis, degenerative changes, in liver tissue with increased in sinusoids diameter. About kidneys, the lesions included desquamation of epithelium of some proximal convoluted tubules with damage of some of its, also damage glomeruli. After the treatment with grape seeds oil observed most of the embryos appeared normal in size and number without any lesions in the liver and kidney tissue of embryos.
Ethanol effect in induce histological lesions in Albino rat livers and using camel milk and olive oil to treat it
Authors: Mahmood Nawfel Mustafa  , Aziz Khaled Hameed
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to identify the influence of alcohol in the creation of histological lesions in the liver of Albino rats type Rattus norvegicus and treating these effects using camel milk and olive oil, in this study, 15 rats were randomly distributed into five groups each group containing three animals, the first group control group It was fed on a routine diet and administrated with distilled water, either groups 2, 3, 4,5 administrated with alcohol for 3 months at a dose began 10% V / V / day and gradually increase to up to 15% v / v / day, and then the animals Group 3 treated by ad libitum camel milk open dose for one month, Group 4 animals administrated with olive oil rate of 0.2 ml / kg body weight, Group 5 animals administrated by camel milk and olive oil together, the results of the current study, the second group showed the occurrence of a number of the histopathological lesions in the liver tissue consisted infiltration of lymphocytes with the occurrence of fibrosis within the liver tissue and thickening walls of the blood vessels that have suffered from the expansion of abnormal diameters ,in the third group most liver tissues return to semi-natural state had been observed after treating via camel milk for a one month with the presence of some simple histological changes in the liver tissue. The fourth group was also back to normal case in most of liver tissues. The fifth group was noted that the tissue response to the dual treatment was the best compared to the third and fourth groups and the tissue had completely healed and appeared as normal.
Comparative study of the carnitine, Gensing, Dill, and Arginine effect in MDA, SOD, GSH levels in albino rats exposued to oxidative stress.
Authors: Hussein Mohammad Tayawi  , Sahib Jumaa Abdurrahman
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of Carnitine, Gensing, Dill and Arginine in lipid peroxidation MDA and SOD, GSH antioxidant in normal and experimentally hydrogen peroxide H2O2 induced oxidative.
Fifty male rats used in age 12-14 weeks in weights (300-325 g) divided randomly into 10 groups, included 5 in each group as following.
Control, H2O2 , Carnitine , carnitine + H2O2 , Gensing , Gensing + H2O2 , Dill, Dill+ H2O2 ,Arginine , Arginine + H2O2 groups.
Results showed:
1-Treating normal rats with Carnitine, Gensing, Dill, Arginine, led to a significant increase (P≤0.05) in GSH level in all groups except Gensing group, and a significant decrease in MDA level in all groups except Carnitine group and no difference in SOD comparing to control group.
2-Oxidative stress Induced by H2O2 led to significant increase in value (P≤ 0.05) in levels of MDA, comparing to control group. While there were a significant decrease in value (P≤0.05) in GSH, SOD.
3-Treating rats exposure to oxidative stress with Carnitine, Gensing, Dill, Arginine, led to a significant decrease in value(P≤0.05) in MDA, While the treatment led to significant increase in GSH, , SOD comparing with H2O2 group.
Impact of the muscular Training on the levels of Sodium and Potassium and on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in blood serum
Authors: Zina Lafta Hassan  , Ahmed A. Sabty
Published: April 2023

The recent study aimed at evaluating the impact of the training intensity and the muscular stress the activity of (Na+ - K – ATP ase). The levels of the extra cellular (Sodium and Potassium) (blood serum) and the activity of the lactate dehydrogenase were evaluated for the handball players before and after exercising the sport training as well as evaluated the same data for the basketball players (The most stressed in training) before and after exercising these special game trainings. The research samples were gathered from (30) players of handball and basketball.
The blood serum isolated to perform the required tests by using the special kits of each test.
The results of measuring the extra cellular sodium showed a significant decrease (P≤ 0.05) for the handball players after exercising the sport training compared with the concentration before exercising the training. As well as the case of basketball players , the study results indicated that the sodium concentrations (P≤ 0.05) decreased significantly after exercising the sport training compared with the concentration before exercising the training. These results also showed the significant differences (P≤ 0.05) in comparison with the two player groups of handball and basketball before and after exercising the training.
As to the concentration of extra cellular potassium the results appeared a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) for the handball players after exercising the sport training compared with the concentration before exercising the training. As well as the case of basketball players , the results of study showed a significant increase at potassium concentration (P≤ 0.05) after exercising the sport training compared with the concentration before training. The results also appeared the absence of significant differences in comparison with the two – player groups before trainings. In comparison with potassium concentration after training between the two groups , the results gave significant different (P≤ 0.05) in which potassium was more concentrated in basketball group.
As to the lactate dehydrogenase activity , the results showed a significant increase in enzyme activity (P≤ 0.05) in the two – players groups after the training , but there were no significant differences in comparison with the both player groups of handball and basketball after performing the trainings.
This indicated to occurring changes in activity of (Na+ - K ATP ase) in case of happening the body stress , leading to decrease in concentration of extra cellular sodium and increase in concentration of extra cellular potassium and then followed some changes at level of these elements intra cellular. So this change increased with increasing the stress intensity.
Assess the effectiveness of some plant powders in the fight against adult Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Mohammed M. Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to the possibility of finding an effective device to protect grain storehouses from the infection by the Sitophilus oryzae through testing the vital influence of mint leaves powder Mentha spicata, Nerium oleander, Nicotiana tabacum, Zingiber officinale, and seed powder Trigonella foenum. in exterminating and repellent the insect through many concentration (1%, 3%, 5% ). The results revealed that the N.tabacum leaves powder has a high effectiveness , and the highest extermination rate reached 66.07%  at a concentration of 5%. And after 20 days of treatment the N.oleander leaves powder reached its lowest rate of extermination 33.93% at a concentration of 5%. And with using of the insect attractant and repellent effect the study revealed that M.spicata leaves powder has an effective repellent influence, and its highest repellent rate reached -73.33% at a concentration of 5% and after 9 hours of treatment it revealed that Z.officinale powder had an insect attractant effect and its lowest attractant rate reached 13.33% at a concentration of 5%. This increasing of time and concentration had an explicit influence on the S.oryzae repellent and extermination rates. And the results indicate the possibility of using the botanical powder in the controlling, as an alternatives of chemical insecticides
Estimate the level of the balance of oxidants - antioxidants in plasma and semen of healthy males and local rabbits exposed to oxidative stress induced cadmium chloride and preventive role of pomegranate juice against the state of oxidative stress
Authors: Qasim Aziz Razooqi  , Saleh M. Rahim Ai-obaidy  , Sahib J. Abdou-Rahman
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to estimate the level of the balance of oxidation-antioxidants in both serum and semen and histological effect to the fabric of the testes in male local rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus health and cadmium chloride treatment, in addition to the protective role of pomegranate juice against the toxicity of cadmium chloride. The were used rabbits in this study, 20 male were randomly divided into four groups each group containing 5 animals, The first group given distilled water promised healthy control group, The second group was treated cadmium chloride 5 mg / kg of body weight and promised infected control, The third group given pomegranate juice 6 ml / kg of body weight, The fourth group was treated cadmium chloride 5 mg / kg of body weight with given pomegranate juice 6 ml / kg of body weight, with the results of the study showed that the treatment of animals cadmium chloride led to decrease significantly ( P≤ 0.05) in the total content of antioxidants level of total antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and glutathione (GSH) and enzyme Catalase (CAT), and increase the concentration of Malondialehyde (MDA) for each of the blood and semen serum compared with the control group, in addition treatment of animals led cadmium chloride to bring about changes textile negative apparent in the tissues of the testes consisted crash of the basement membrane of most tubule sperm with thickening in other tubules with the presence of small numbers of cells generating sperm and the loss of most of its formative stages, while the dosage animal treatment cadmium chloride juice pomegranate raised increase significantly the total content of antioxidants level (TAC) and glutathione and enzyme Catalase, and the decrease concentration of (MDA) serum and semen and improved tissue and clear to the fabric of the testes, compared with the treatment group cadmium chloride.
Controlled release study for captopril by using polymer carboxymethyl cellulose
Authors: Reem Ibrahim Mahdi  , R.R. AL-Samarrai  , Ahmed  A.Ahmed
Published: April 2023

The present study was done to prepare tablet for captopril (CAP) which used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. CAP is mainly absorbed from the proximal intestine and to a lesser extent from the stomach. The tablets of CAP were prepared by using the polymer carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) a captopril drug release system. The buffer solutions were use at (pH=12,7.4,8.5) as a media to release the drug similitude of the acidity index in stomach, in testiness, and blood plasma respective. It was accounted the concentrations of the drug that release in the above–mentioned solutions at the different temperature (25,30,37,40,45,) C°. The study was extended to the effect of the temperature and the acidity function on releasing the drug. The drug release from the polymers increased with  the temperature and the degree of the solution acidity. It was also studied the value of stability constant that increased with the temperature.
The Effect of Fructose Level and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) on Sperms Motility in InFertiled Men
Authors: Aiesha saadoun jassim  , Hussain Khleefa  Kazem  , Nezar Ahemad Naje
Published: April 2023

The aim of  this the study was to evaluate the clinical situations by measuring the concentration of fructose and prostate specific antigen(PSA), as well as studying  the causes and risk factors of infertiled men .
Eighty semen samples were collected from patients by mastubation who admitted; AL-Batol hospital laboratories and external clinics in diyala, and blood samples were collected from men who suffered from  problems of  unhaving children and from healthy peoples control group to examine prostate specific antigen (PSA).
Results showed that there was a significant increase in the concentration of fructose and PSA in the case of  azoospermia, oligospermi and  Asthnospermia compared with men not inferted
Key word:  infertility, semen, Fructose, prostate specific antigen PSA.
Hits vitality of aqueous extracts of Borago officinalis Linn in the reduction of renal toxicity developed by hyhrogen peroxide in female rabbits
Authors: Raghad Hazim Hamad Al abasy  , Noor Ibrahem Hasan al kraie
Published: April 2023

This study is conducted to determine the protective effect of aqueous extracts of Borago officinalis Linn and its impact as histological antioxidant and on some parameters on the functions of the kidny in female of the albino rabbits exposed to oxidative stress-induced by 5%H2O2. The study included 20 rabbits at age (4-5 months) and they are divided into 4 groups (5animals/ group). These groups were: the control group, borage aqueous extract,H2O2 group, H2O2 group + borage aqueous extract. The study measures some of physiological and biochemical parameters (like count of (RBCs), measures The concentration of urea and creatinine). At the end of the experiment, the animals are killing in a manner of slaughter, and the kidny is eradicated and saved in 10% formalin, then microscopic slides of it are prepared for the histological study.this results showed increased significantly in number of red blood corpus in H2O2 group while the group of aqueous extract and H2O2with extract did not appear the significant differences when compared with the control. increased significantly appers in urea concentration of H2O2 and H2O2 with extract while the aqueous extacrt did not appear significant difference when compared whith control group.this study showed increased significantly in creatinine concentration in H2O2 group while the result showed decrease significantly in aqueous extacrt and H2O2 whith extract group when compared whith control group.