bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extragalactic Magnetism with SOFIA (Legacy Program) - II: A Magnetically Driven Flow in the Starburst Ring of NGC 1097*
Authors: Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Beck Rainer , Clark Susan E. , Hughes Annie , Borlaff Alejandro S. , Ntormousi Evangelia , Grosset Lucas , Tassis Konstantinos , Beckman John E. , Subramanian Kandaswamy , Dale Daniel , Díaz-Santos Tanio
Published: December 2021

Galactic bars are frequent in disk galaxies and they may support the transfer of matter toward the central engine of active nuclei. The barred galaxy NGC 1097 has magnetic forces controlling the gas flow at several kpc scales, which suggest that magnetic fields (B-fields) are dynamically important along the bar and nuclear ring. However, the effect of the B-field on the gas flows in the central kpc scale has not been characterized. Using thermal polarized emission at 89 μm with HAWC+/SOFIA, here, we measure that the polarized flux is spatially located at the contact regions of the outer bar with the starburst ring. The linear polarization decomposition analysis shows that the 89 μm and radio (3.5 and 6.2 cm) polarization traces two different modes, m, of the B-field: a constant B-field orientation and dominated by m = 0 at 89 μm, and a spiral B-field dominated by m = 2 at radio. We show that the B-field at 89 μm is concentrated in the warmest region of a shock driven by the galactic-bar dynamics in the contact regions between the outer bar with the starburst ring. Radio polarization traces a superposition of the spiral B-field outside and within the starburst ring. According to Faraday rotation measures between 3.5 and 6.2 cm, the radial component of the B-field along the contact regions points toward the galaxy's center on both sides. We conclude that gas streams outside and within the starburst ring follow the B-field, which feeds the black hole with matter from the host galaxy.
Observational Limits on the Early-time Dust Mass in SN 1987A
Authors: Wesson Roger , Bevan Antonia
Published: December 2021

In recent years, dust masses of a few tenths of a solar mass have been found in the expanding ejecta of a number of core-collapse supernovae. How dust forms in such quantities remains poorly understood; theories of dust formation predict lower total masses and much faster formation rates than observations imply. One suggestion to reconcile observations and theory was made by Dwek et al., who proposed that the dust forms very rapidly, and because of its optical depth, is not initially observationally detectable, only being gradually revealed as the ejecta expand. Observational dust masses at early times would then only be lower limits. Using a large grid of radiative transfer models covering dust masses from 10−4 to 1 M
⊙ to calculate both the spectral energy distribution and the emission line profiles from clumpy dust shells, we show that this cannot be the case. Some clump distributions allow dust masses of ∼0.01 M
⊙ to be concealed in clumps and still predict an SED consistent with the observations. However, these geometries predict emission line profiles that are inconsistent with the observations. Similarly, clump geometries that reproduce the observed emission line profiles with dust masses >0.01 M
⊙ do not reproduce the SED. However, models with ∼10−3
M
⊙ of amorphous carbon can reproduce both the SED and the emission line profiles. We conclude that no large masses of dust can be hidden from view in the ejecta of SN 1987A at early epochs, and that the majority of dust must thus have formed at epochs >1000 days.
Establishment and new hosts of the non-native seed beetle Stator limbatus (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) on acacias in Europe
Authors: Cocco Arturo , Brundu Giuseppe , Berquier Cyril , Andreï-Ruiz Marie Cécile , Pusceddu Michelina , Porceddu Marco , Podda Lina , Satta Alberto , Petit Yohan , Floris Ignazio
Published: December 2021

Stator limbatusis a phytophagous beetle native to warm regions of North and Central America, feeding on Fabaceae seeds and one of the most polyphagous species within the subfamily Bruchinae, here reported for the first time in Europe and on new hosts. Adult beetles emerged fromAcaciaspp. seeds collected in the islands of Corsica (France), and Sardinia (Italy). The wide presence in Sardinia and Corsica supports the hypothesis that this alien species was introduced several years ago. In both islands,S. limbatusemerged fromAcacia mearnsiiseeds, with infestation rates of up to 74.2 and 90.8% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. This seed beetle also emerged from two previously unreported host species,Acacia salignaandA. pycnantha, showing highest infestation rates of 4.0 and 95.1%, respectively. BothAcaciaspecies are reported as new host associations withS. limbatus. Overall, seed infestation rates recorded in 2019 and 2020 indicate thatS. limbatusis well established and that Mediterranean bioclimatic conditions are suitable for its population increase in size. This study lays the foundations for further research on known and potential host species and the spread and distribution ofS. limbatusin Europe.
System levelized fuel cost of electricity generation in a two-component nuclear energy system with a closed uranium-plutonium NFC
Authors: Zrodnikov Anatoly V. , Dekusar Viktor M. , Gurskaya Olga S.
Published: December 2021

The authors propose an approach to the calculation of the levelized unit fuel cost (LUFC) of electricity generation for a fast reactor in a two-component nuclear energy system (NES) with regard for plutonium production. The approach is based on taking into account the additional economic effect, which can be achieved through the sale at the market price of the natural uranium released due to the substitution of thermal reactors by fast reactors with MOX fuel based on the plutonium bred in a fast reactor. This requires considering simultaneously the reactor parts of the fuel cycle for fast and thermal reactors. Relationships have been obtained which connect the key neutronic and fuel characteristics with the NPP and fuel cycle economic performance. The described methodology was used for the computational study of the LUFC for a fast sodium-cooled reactor. Calculations have shown that, in the considered case, taking into account the plutonium production leads to the LUFC reduction by nearly half and, therefore, to a major decrease in the total unit cost of electricity generation (levelized cost of electricity or LCOE).
Iranian Nurses´ Perceptions of Their Professional Growth and Development
Authors: Rahimaghaee Flora , Dehghan Nayeri Nahid , Mohammadi Eesa
Published: December 2021

Change in today’s healthcare settings is inevitable. Professional growth and development are essential in order to remain a viable member of the healthcare team. Although the importance of professional growth and development is emphasized in the literature, the associated outcomes of professional development have not been fully described. In this article the authors present a qualitative study in which 21 Iranian nurses, whose years of nursing experienced ranged from 3 to 28 years, shared the perceptions of their professional development and growth. In reporting the study findings the authors discuss how these nurses described their skill and psychosocial development within the themes of developing judgment, improving communication, instilling confidence, seeing the whole patient, and strengthening commitment to nursing.
What Attracts Second Degree Students to a Career In Nursing?
Authors: Raines Deborah
Published: December 2021

The fastest growing university-based nursing programs are the accelerated programs of study for students who hold a baccalaureate degree in another discipline and desire to change careers. Understanding the factors that attract these individuals to the study and practice of nursing is important for nursing recruitment and retention. In this article the author describes how she analyzed the stories of the first two cohorts of students (N=66) admitted to an accelerated, second degree program in the Southeastern United States. These stories, written by prospective students, described the factors that influenced their decision to pursue the study of nursing as a second career. A content analysis identified three themes: What I bring to nursing; Seeking satisfying work; and The missing piece. The findings provide insight into the factors that attract the second degree/career changing learner to the study of nursing. The author begins with a review of literature related to the reasons for choosing nursing as a profession and a description of the method used to analyze the stories written by the prospective students. This is followed by her presentation of findings, along with a discussion of the findings and the implications of the findings for educators and employers.
An Exploration of Person-Centredness in Practice
Authors: McCance Tanya , McCormack Brendan , Dewing Jan
Published: December 2021

‘Person-centredness’ is a term that is becoming increasingly familiar within health and social care at a global level; it is being used to describe a standard of care that ensures the patient/client is at the centre of care delivery. In this article we explore the relevance of person-centredness in the context of nursing, taking account of the ongoing critical debate and dialogue regarding developments in this field. Person-centredness is recognised as a multidimensional concept. The complexity of the concept contributes to the challenge of articulating its shared meaning and describing how it can be applied in practice. The aim of this paper is to explore some of the issues pertaining to language and conceptual clarity, with a view to making connections and increasing our shared understanding of person-centred care in a way that can impact nursing practice. We begin by describing the development of the concept of person-centredness, after which we discuss the synergies with patient-centredness and other related terms, and consider how nurses can operationalise person-centredness in their practice.
Patients First! Engaging the Hearts and Minds of Nurses with a Patient-Centered Practice Model
Authors: Small Deborah , Small Robert
Published: December 2021

Like every healthcare system today, the Cleveland Clinic health system is a combination of medical hospitals, institutes, and services in which the implementation of uniform care methodologies faces significant barriers. The guiding principle of the Cleveland Clinic, ‘Patients First,’ focuses on the principle of patient- and family-centered care (PFCC) but deliberately lacks details due to the wide scope of care delivered by the organization. The Stanley Shalom Zielony Institute of Nursing Excellence (the Nursing Institute) at the Cleveland Clinic was charged with standardizing nursing practice across a system with 11,000 registered nurses and 800 advanced practice nurses. The challenge involved providing firm direction on delivering PFCC that was appropriate for all clinical disciplines and could be implemented quickly across existing practices and technologies. Successful implementation required full engagement in the concept of PFCC by what the Institute for Healthcare Improvement has termed the ‘hearts and minds’ of nurses. To achieve these ends, development of a systemwide nursing practice model was initiated. In this article the authors identify the essence of PFCC, consider barriers to PFCC, review their process of developing PFCC, and describe how the Cleveland Clinic health system has implemented a PFCC nursing practice model. In doing so the authors explore how the concept of ‘Passion for Nursing’ was used to stimulate nurse engagement in PFCC.
Developing Person-Centred Care: Addressing Contextual Challenges Through Practice Development
Authors: McCormack Brendan , Dewing Jan , McCance Tanya
Published: December 2021

Developing person-centred care is not a one-time event; rather it requires a sustained commitment from organisations to the ongoing facilitation of developments, a commitment both in clinical teams and across organizations. Contextual factors pose the greatest challenge to person-centredness and the development of cultures that can sustain person-centred care. We will begin with a general comment on ‘context’ and its meaning before exploring three particular factors that influence the practice context, namely, workplace culture, learning culture, and the physical environment. Next we explore a particular approach to developing person-centred care through emancipatory practice development. We highlight the importance of facilitation through emancipatory practice development programmes and describe how person-centred care can be developed through the presentation of a case study that illustrates the principles and processes of emancipatory practice development as well as the outcomes achieved. We conclude with an application to clinical practice. A key consideration for all organisations in the development of person-centred care is to move from what we suggest are ‘person-centred moments’ (individual, ad hoc experiences of person-centredness) to ‘person-centred care’ as an underpinning culture of teams and organisations.
Nursing at its Best: Competent and Caring
Authors: Rhodes Marilyn , Morris Arlene , Lazenby Ramona
Published: December 2021

An award-winning journalist spoke to a group of students during their first month in a baccalaureate nursing program, challenging the nursing profession to abandon its image of nurses as angels and promote an image of nurses as competent professionals who are both knowledgeable and caring. This presentation elicited an unanticipated level of emotion, primarily anger, on the part of the students. This unexpected reaction prompted faculty to explore the students’ motivations for entering the nursing profession and their perceptions of the relative importance of competence and caring in nursing. The authors begin this article by reviewing the literature related to motivations for selecting a profession and the contributions of competence and caring to nursing care. Next they describe their survey method and analysis and report their findings regarding student motivations and perceptions of competence and caring in nursing. Emerging themes for motivation reflected nursing values, especially altruism, and coincided with students’ beliefs of self-efficacy and goal attainment. Student responses indicated their understanding of the need for competence and revealed idealistic perceptions of caring. The authors conclude with a discussion of these themes and recommendations for student recruitment, curricular emphasis, and future research in this area.
L’autre enquête, ou l’art de faire attention dans le suivi probatoire
Authors: Lambelet Daniel , Ros Jenny , Kloetzer Laure
Published: December 2021

Dans le domaine de la justice pénale, l’enquête est au cœur des pratiques professionnelles. Nos données résultent d’une recherche menée au sein de trois services de probation de Suisse latine, et portant sur la dynamique de sécurisation de l’action. En nous basant sur le paradigme indiciaire de Ginzburg et la théorie pragmatiste de l’enquête de Dewey, nous identifions quatre situations d’enquête dans l’activité professionnelle des agents de probation. Nous montrons que, malgré l’orientation toujours plus présente d’une rationalité actuarielle et gestionnaire, la pratique des agents de probation reste largement orientée par une clinique de la vigilance adossée à la démarche de l’enquête. Nous argumentons en faveur de l’articulation de ces deux démarches dans une culture de sécurité.
La vengeance de Julie
Authors: Erman Michel
Published: December 2021

En se vengeant, les hommes ne cherchent pas à entrer en possession de quelque chose non plus qu’à satisfaire des intérêts, mais à être reconnus dans leur être, car l’outrage subi les a mis en cause comme sujet singulier. Ce qui implique que la vengeance ne se peut dominer par une raison morale qui transcenderait l’expérience, et qu’il convient de dégager le négatif comme le positif, l’égoïsme comme la noblesse de cette passion humaine, trop humaine.
« Œil pour œil, dent pour dent » : qu’en dit vraiment le judaïsme ?
Authors: Krygier Rivon
Published: December 2021

Depuis la plus haute Antiquité, la règle biblique du Talion qui impose une peine similaire au crime commis, notamment la mutilation d’organe, a suscité tantôt l’embarras, tantôt l’indignation. D’un côté, la critique chrétienne y a vu une logique de vengeance en lieu et place du pardon, et a estimé que la règle devait être révoquée. De l’autre, la défense du judaïsme a consisté à soutenir qu’elle ne fut jamais appliquée à la lettre mais posait un principe de compensation financière. Le but de la présente étude est de déconstruire les lectures trop idéologiques du Talion, pour s’en remettre à ce que l’histoire, l’analyse des textes et leur comparaison nous en apprennent. Derrière cette question, se pose celle de la réalité et de la légitimité de l’évolution en religion.
Canibalismo, conquista e a morte do bispo Sardinha (1556)
Authors: Raminelli Ronald
Published: December 2021

Au xvi e  siècle, la côte du Brésil était peuplée de Tupis. Les Européens avaient décrit leurs coutumes, leurs guerres, en mettant l’accent sur les rites de cannibalisme. Les Tupis consommaient la chair de leurs ennemis lors de cérémonies destinées à venger leurs parents morts dans des batailles ou lors de rituels. Les Portugais voyaient dans le cannibalisme une pratique abominable et en étaient venus à punir ces communautés en leur faisant la guerre ou en les esclavagisant. Le cannibalisme devint une bonne raison de douter de la conversion des Tupis au catholicisme et de conquérir plus rapidement le territoire. La mort du premier évêque du Brésil contribua à instiller la réputation du cannibalisme chez les Tupis. D’après certains récits, l’évêque Sardinha réchappa d’un naufrage, mais connut une mort tragique après avoir été sauvé par des Indiens Caetés (tupis). Divers récits ont décrit l’incident mais il y a des controverses et des secrets qui font douter de sa mort. Est-il mort dans le naufrage ou a-t-il été consommé par les Caetés ? En tout cas, après sa mort, la guerre contre les Tupis s’est intensifiée.
Rixes entre bandes, de nos jours. De la vengeance à la justice
Authors: Bouit Delphine
Published: December 2021

De nos jours, les rixes entre bandes sont le fait de très jeunes gens, lesquels ne savent pas expliquer leur violence, sauf à dire qu’ils agressent par vengeance. La justice venant après la vengeance, l’analyse de ce qui est dit et constaté devant les tribunaux permet de mieux comprendre le phénomène. La vengeance collective actuelle, si elle présente des caractéristiques de la vengeance individuelle, ne contient-elle pas un secret qu’il est bon que la justice appréhende, afin que soit initiée une démarche de prévention ?
Mensonges, masques et spectacles : les vengeances tragiques d’Atrée et de Médée
Authors: Schweitzer Zoé
Published: December 2021

La réalisation scénique de la vengeance d’Atrée et de Médée dans les tragédies de Sénèque induit une dialectique particulière de la relation entre secret et publicité qui se comprend comme une complexification de la vengeance, en vue d’une maximalisation de ses effets violents, et offre un éclairage sur les propriétés du secret en tragédie.
Amor, ira e vingança em ficções em prosa ibéricas do século XVII
Authors: Muhana Adma
Published: December 2021

Il s’agit de voir comment la vengeance se manifeste dans la littérature ibérique du xvii e  siècle, en relation avec les passions de l’amour et de son contraire, la colère. L’analyse est fondée sur un corpus composé des fictions en prose Os infortúnios trágicos da Constante Florinda (1625), de Gaspar Pires de Rebelo, et Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda (1617), de Miguel de Cervantes, corpus dans lequel la dimension descriptive des passions l’emporte sur la dimension narrative des actions.
Revisitando o mito de Inês de Castro: emoções e justiça na vingança de Pedro I
Authors: Olaia Inês
Published: December 2021

Le récit que la mémoire collective a conservé au sujet de Pierre et Inês de Castro est celui d’un couple irrémédiablement passionné, enserré dans la fatalité de la politique de son époque. L’autrice cherche à analyser les archives des xiv e et xv e  siècles à la lumière de l’histoire des émotions et de l’idée que celles-ci sont des actes performatifs inscrits dans l’individu par la société.
Achever l’histoire
Authors: Di Folco Philippe
Published: December 2021

Dernière fiction d’Orson Welles, Une histoire immortelle (1968) se déroule dans les moiteurs d’un Macao désert et met en scène un étrange quartet. Que faut-il entendre à ce récit ? Entre malédiction, mise à mort du cinéma et tentative d’abolir le passé, par quels contours la vengeance ici conduit ses cheminements ?
La mise au carré du langage et de la pensée : une technique au service du recadrage en intervention systémique
Authors: Faulx Daniel , Moncarey Coryse
Published: December 2021

Le recadrage constitue une démarche centrale dans la thérapie systémique et notamment dans les thérapies narratives et orientées solution. Dans cet article, nous présentons une technique particulière dénommée mise au carré. Nous en envisageons le déploiement au service du recadrage dans un contexte d’intervention systémique. Fondée sur le repérage des « liaisons », la mise au carré permet de visualiser les associations existantes dans un discours et d’explorer celles qui sont en germe mais non exprimées par la personne. Elle vise le déploiement de nouvelles associations potentielles au service de l’évolution du client. L’article présente une étude de cas qui vient illustrer la démarche. Les implications pour la pratique thérapeutique sont discutées en fin d’article.
HepG2 liver cells treated with fumonisin B1 in galactose supplemented media have altered expression of genes and proteins known to regulate cholesterol flux
Authors: Adimulam T. , Abdul N.S. , Chuturgoon A.A.
Published: December 2021

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) contributes to mycotoxicosis in animals and has been associated with the incidence of some cancers in humans. The effect of FB1 on lipidomic profiles, sphingolipids and cholesterol levels have been demonstrated in experimental models, however, the events leading to altered cholesterol levels are unclear. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms that regulate the effect of FB1 on cholesterol homeostasis in galactose supplemented HepG2 liver cells. Galactose supplementation is a proven method utilised to circumvent the Crabtree effect exhibited by cancer cells, which forces cancer cells to activate the mitochondria. HepG2 cells were cultured in galactose supplemented media and treated with FB1 (IC50 = 25 μM) for 6 h. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Metabolic status was evaluated using ATP luciferase assay, and cholesterol regulatory transcription factors (SIRT1, SREBP-1C, LXR, LDLR, PCSK9, and ABCA1) were investigated using western blotting and qPCR. FB1 in galactose supplemented HepG2 cells increased gene expression of SIRT1 (P<0.05), SREBP-1C, LXR, and LDLR; however, PCSK9 (P<0.05) was decreased. Furthermore, protein expression of SIRT1, LXR, and LDLR was elevated upon FB1 treatment, while SREBP-1C and PCSK9 were reduced. The data provides evidence that SIRT1 reduced the expression of PCSK9 and deacetylated LXR to prevent degradation of LDLR. This could result in a dysregulated cholesterol flux, which may contribute to FB1 mediated toxicity.
La Collaboration des arsenaux bretons sous l’Occupation
Authors: Hellwinkel Lars
Published: December 2021

Avec l’occupation des côtes françaises durant l’été 1940, la Marine de guerre allemande non seulement obtient un accès direct à l’Atlantique mais encore prend possession des arsenaux de Brest, Lorient et Cherbourg. Centré sur les deux arsenaux de Bretagne, l'article analyse l’intégration des arsenaux maritimes français à la stratégie de guerre navale de l’Allemagne contre la Grande-Bretagne et met en évidence le rôle de la Marine de Vichy dans la collaboration militaire avec le Troisième Reich
Une anthropologie politique de la démocratie « en pratique » au Sud du Sahara
Authors: Deridder Marie , Konseiga Romaine , Laurent Pierre-Joseph
Published: December 2021

En valorisant de nouvelles thématiques de recherche, de nouveaux ancrages empiriques et une approche collaborative de la recherche qualitative, l’APAD a fortement influencé plusieurs générations de chercheurs et chercheuses travaillant sur le politique au Sud du Sahara. À la croisée de l’étude « par le bas » du politique et d’une socio-anthropologie apadienne, cet article synthétise les apports de l’anthropologie politique africaniste développée, depuis une vingtaine d’années, au sein du laboratoire d’anthropologie prospective à l’UCLouvain, à partir de terrains ethnographiques situés en milieu urbain et rural, au Burkina Faso et au Mali. Il démontre comment une étude empirique, pragmatique, non culturaliste et non normative des processus de démocratisation donne à comprendre les recompositions du politique et des rapports de pouvoir au regard de cet horizon démocratique. Les auteur∙es proposent ensuite des pistes d’ouverture pour une étude du politique contemporain au Sud du Sahara.
Comment mettre sur agenda un problème public intime et sensible ? Dilemmes et inconforts des acteurs autour de l’avortement au Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouattara Fatoumata
Published: December 2021

La sensibilité de l’avortement relève de sa dimension intime mais aussi de sa prise en compte dans l’action publique. Une simple opposition entre espace privé et espace public paraît insuffisante pour comprendre les conduites des acteurs. Comment émerge une question sensible et intime dans l’action publique ? Comment est structurée sa publicisation ? Ce texte vise à montrer comment la traduction de l’avortement en tant que sujet sociétal oscille entre l’ordre sanitaire et l’ordre moral au Burkina Faso. Son inscription à l’agenda se décline avec la nécessaire discrétion des pratiques d’avortement selon l’ordre moral local et les attentes des acteurs internationaux. Faire de l’avortement un problème d’ordre public confronte ainsi des acteurs opérant dans leurs sphères d’action respectives. Nous proposons une attention à l’émergence et à la formulation des problèmes publics. Une telle analyse ne semble féconde qu’à condition d’ouvrir une voie à la croisée de plusieurs champs thématiques mettant en évidence la dynamique des acteurs, leurs logiques et les enjeux : anthropologie culturelle et sociale, anthropologie du développement et sociologie de l’action politique. Cela permet d’appréhender des sujets (anciens et nouveaux) à l’interface des sphères privées et publiques, d’un point de vue socio-anthropologique, sous un nouvel angle.
Interdisciplinarity and the future of development studies after the 2019 Nobel Prize in economics
Authors: Lanzano Cristiano , Navarra Cecilia , Vallino Elena
Published: December 2021

The 2019 Nobel prize for Economics consecrated A. Banerjee, E. Duflo and M. Kremer’s hegemony on development economics. The emphasis they put on field experiments and randomized control trials (RCTs) matched the emphasis on evidence-based policies and on evaluation that dominated the development sector in the same years. Here, we take inspiration from the debates generated by the 2019 Nobel prize to reflect on the future of development studies. While the empirical stance of these economists could have encouraged interdisciplinary collaboration, their experimental approach has tended to marginalize competing approaches and methods – namely, those who characterize anthropology and other qualitative social sciences. This has reinforced “imperialistic” tendencies in the discipline of economics, which can only be compensated through a renewed commitment to pluralism across the field of development studies.
Techniques de fabrication des reliefs en « plâtre » : observations et hypothèses
Authors: Vatelot Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Les techniques de fabrication et de production des reliefs italiens en plâtre de la Renaissance sont peu documentées. L’étude préalable à la restauration menée sur quatre œuvres datant de cette période et appartenant à différentes séries a apporté quelques éléments supplémentaires aux connaissances déjà acquises sur ce sujet.
Research on Dual Channel Supply Chain Decision Making of New Retailing Enterprises Considering Service Behavior in the Era of Big Data
Authors: Rong Di , Zhao Yuanjun , Han Chunjia , Yang Mu , Liu Fengtao
Published: December 2021

Drawing from extant retailing and supply chain research, this paper studies the dual channel supply chain decision-making of member channel, and obtains the optimal price strategy, maximum demand and maximum total revenue of the supply chain of network channel and retailing channel under the centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making respectively. The contributions of this study identify that investing in big data within a certain threshold can improve the channel service level, reduce the channel price and improve the income of the supply chain. Supply chain members improve the channel service level and increase the corresponding channel price. The supply chain can get the most advantages when manufacturers and retailers make centralized decisions. This paper provides a starting point for new retailing academic and practical research in a domain that is deficient in empirical research, provides the theoretical framework to new retailing enterprises and decision-making model for their sustainable competitive advantage.
The Effect of Flux Dysconnectivity Functions on Concentration Gradients Changes in a Multicomponent Model of Convectional Reaction-Diffusion by the Example of a Neurovascular Unit
Authors: Nartsissov Yaroslav R.
Published: December 2021

A convectional diffusion of nutrients around the blood vessels in brain occurs in well-structured neurovascular units (NVU) including neurons, glia and micro vessels. A common feature of the process is a combination of a relatively high-speed delivery solution stream inside the blood vessel and a low-speed convectional flow in parenchyma. The specific trait of NVU is the existence of a tight cover layer around the vessels which is formed by shoots (end-feet) of astrocytes. This layer forms so called blood-brain barrier (BBB). Under different pathological states the permeability of BBB is changed. The concentration gradient of a chemical compound in NVU has been modelled using a combination of mathematical description of a cerebral blood flow (CBF) and further 3D diffusion away from the blood vessels borders. The governing equation for the blood flow is the non-steady-state Navier–Stokes equation for an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flow without buoyancy effects. BBB is modeled by the flux dysconnectivity functions. The velocity of fluid flow in the paravascular space was estimated using Darcy's law. Finally, the diffusion of the nutrient is considered as a convectional reaction-diffusion in a porous media. By the example of glucose, it was shown that increased permeability of BBB yields an increased level of the nutrient even under essential (on 70%) decrease of CBF. Contrarily, a low BBB permeability breeds a decreased concentration level under increased (on 50%) CBF. Such a phenomenon is explained by a smooth enlarge of the direct diffusion area for a blood-to-brain border glucose transport having three-level organization.
The Role of Basicity in the Formation of the Structure and Properties of Iron Ore Agglomerates
Authors: Dmitriev Andrey N. , Vyaznikova Elena A. , Vitkina Galina Yu. , Alektorov Roman V. , Shubin Alexey B.
Published: December 2021

Metallurgical characteristics of iron ore agglomerates of various basicity (reducibility, strength after reduction (LTD+6.3), temperatures of the beginning and ending of softening) have been investigated. The phase composition (XRD) of iron ore agglomerates and their microstructure were analyzed by optical microscopy. Various dependences of influence of the basicity of iron ore agglomerates on their metallurgical characteristics with respect to the proportion of phase components that have been obtained. It has been shown that an increase in the proportion of stabilized silicoferrite (SFCA) in the agglomerate has a positive effect on their strength after reaction, which will further increase the productivity of the blast furnace and significantly reduce dust emission.
Movement and Diffusion of the Helium Atom in Nanostructures (in Pores) with Water
Authors: Kalashnikov Evgenii , Tolstikhin Igor
Published: December 2021

The influence of water-filled nanoscale defects on the total movement of helium atoms through a quartz crystal is considered. The approximation of local chains is used, the interaction constant of which characterizes the interaction of the helium atom with the environment. The appearance of water molecules in defects (pores) leads to the renormalization of this interaction. The D'Alembert principle is used to evaluate this renormalization. The effect of such a renormalization of the interaction on the diffusion coefficient of helium through a crystal with defects filled with water is considered.
Cosa è Thais creusa Meigen, 1829? (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)
Authors: Balletto Emilio , Bozano Gian Cristoforo , Gallo Enrico , Bonifacino Marco
Published: December 2021

A seguito della recente separazione di Zerynthia polyxena e di Z. cassandra come specie distinte, si pone il problema di capire esattamente la natura del taxon Thais creusa Meigen, 1829. In questo lavoro si riesamina la storia tassonomica di questo nome e si designa per esso come neotipo, secondo le disposizioni dell’articolo 75 dell’ICZN, l’esemplare maschio di Z. polyxena, conservato nel Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova ‘Giacomo Doria’, corredato dai seguenti dati: Liguria, Passo Ghimbegna (IM) m 900, 3.V.1974. leg. G. G. Toso.
Wound Closure Skills: Teaching Suturing in Athletic Training Education
Authors: Neil Elizabeth R. , Winkelmann Zachary K. , Eberman Lindsey E.
Published: December 2021

Context

The examination, diagnosis, and intervention curricular content listed in the 2020 Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education Standards for Accreditation of Professional Athletic Training Programs states that learners must be able to evaluate and manage wounds, including care and closure. Although many wound closure techniques exist in clinical practice, suturing may be a necessary skill for athletic trainers (ATs) and one for which they need proper training.

Objective

To describe the instructional format and step-by-step process for wound closure using the “simple interrupted” method of suturing.

Background

Athletic training has continued to evolve in terms of the skills that are permitted within the scope of an AT's practice. The skill of wound closure via suturing has been omitted in athletic training programs due to the invasive nature of the technique. As state practice acts continue to adapt, many athletic training programs are adding suturing to their curricular content, and subsequently, a need exists to educate the credentialed AT.

Description

A multimodal approach to teaching suturing is recommended. This educational technique focuses on the cognitive introduction module that should occur before the skills lab. Step-by-step instructions are available to ensure that educators are able to properly train others in the task and for learners to gain a baseline understanding of the technique.

Clinical Advantage(s)

Described herein are multiple strategies related to supplies and techniques to be mindful of the resources available for other athletic training programs. In addition, ATs who are trained and permitted to suture can provide improved patient outcomes through comprehensive interventions at the point of care.

Conclusion(s)

Learners should be taught the skills of suturing including wound cleaning and anesthetizing and given opportunities to practice the skills over time. By providing budget-conscious options and alternative methods of instruction, this skill can be delivered for most programs.
Evaluating the Value of Different Sonographic Findings in Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Children
Authors: Ashjaei Bahar , Mehdizadeh Mehrzad , Alizadeh Houman , Najm Nooshin , Moghtaderi Mastaneh
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Appendicitis is one of the most common paediatric surgical emergencies occurring in about 7% of healthy children. To make a definitive diagnosis preferably avoiding unnecessary X-ray radiation exposure, ultrasound is the ideal modality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of sonographic findings in children with acute appendicitis and comparing them with surgical findings to demonstrate the safety, simplicity and accuracy of this procedure in emergency departments as the first diagnostic procedure.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and eight children aged 1–15 years suspected of acute appendicitis in our tertiary hospital emergency department enrolled the study. Patients presenting as acute abdomen suspected as having acute appendicitis underwent abdominal ultrasonography (US) at first. Sonographic findings were compared to surgical and pathologic results, and sensitivity and specificity of each sonographic parameter in paediatric appendicitis were evaluated.

Results:

The analysis of sonographic results showed that 67.6% of patients had acute appendicitis, 13.9% had perforated appendicitis and 18.5% had normal appendix. On the other hand, there were acute appendicitis in 63.9% of patients, perforated appendicitis in 12% and normal appendix in 8.3% in surgical reports. Sensitivity of uncompressible appendicitis, appendicitis, maximal outer diameter (MOD) above 6 mm, maximal mural thickness (MMT) above 3 mm, round appendix was 98.68%, 28.04%, 94.74%, 61.84% and 68.42%, respectively. Specificity of incompressible appendicitis, appendicitis, MOD above 6 mm, MMT above 3 mm, round appendix was 64.71%, 96.15%, 64.71%, 82.35% and 94.12%, respectively. Overall sensitivity and specificity of US in appendicitis were 97.56% and 69.23%, respectively.

Conclusion:

According to the findings of this study, sensitivity of US in diagnosing appendicitis is higher than other studies, but its specificity was lower. Ultrasonographic accuracy and efficacy to diagnose acute appendicitis in children are high enough to allow clinicians to do it as an imaging modality of first choice, and also, in problematic cases to assist correct clinical diagnosis avoiding unnecessary X-ray exposure, decreasing negative appendectomies, decreasing perforation rate and lowering the cost of patients. Furthermore, negative US do not justify immediate computed tomography because clinical re-evaluation and a second US can help greatly the clinicians in the correct diagnosis.
Laparoscopic-Assisted Duhamel for Hirschsprung's Children Older than 3 Years
Authors: Arafa Ahmed , Eltantawi Haytham Esmat , Ragab Moutaz
Published: December 2021

Context:

Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital anomaly affecting the enteric nervous system commonly the rectosigmoid region. Treatment is surgical where the aganglionic segment is resected, and bowel continuity is achieved by a colo-anal anastomosis. In 1999, Georgeson et al. proposed a new technique of primary laparoscopic-assisted pull through for HD as a new gold standard.

Aim of the Study:

To evaluate the outcome of the laparoscopic Duhamel procedure for the management of HD in children older than 3 years.

Methods:

This study was performed on 8 patients who were more than 3-year-old, with confirmed diagnoses of HD. Patients who initially presented with enterocolitis or obstruction were excluded from this study. In all cases, laparoscopic-assisted Duhamel was done.

Results:

We reported our results for the 1st year follow-up period and divided our results into early outcome for the first 3 months postoperative during which we had 2 cases complaining of enterocolitis that responded to conservative treatment, we observed 2 cases of perianal excoriation that responded to medical treatment while the late outcome was reported after 3 months postoperative: We had two cases with attacks of enterocolitis at 6 months and 9 months postoperatively that needed conservative treatment in the hospital in the form of parenteral antibiotics, rectal irrigation, intravenous fluids and NP0. There was neither anastomotic leak nor stenosis.

Conclusion:

Laparoscopic Duhamel for the management of HD in children older than 3 years is safe and useful procedure.
Local or Distal Flap in the Management of Digital Trauma in Children
Authors: Balde Fatoumata Binta , Mukenge Thierry , Benmassaoud Zineb , Abdellaoui Hicham , Atarraf Karima , Chater Lamia , Afifi My Abderrhmane
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

We aim to describe the management of fingertip injuries treated by flaps in the paediatric surgery emergency ward and evaluate the long-term results.

Patients and Methods:

Through a 2-year prospective study, we analysed all fingertip injuries treated by flaps in the paediatric emergency ward. We collected patients' data and the clinical and imaging characteristics of the lesions. The type of flap was chosen on a case-by-case basis. We evaluated aesthetic and functional results.

Results:

Forty-two fingertip injuries required the use of flaps. The average age was 7 years, and boys were more affected. The smashed fingertip was the most common mechanism; pulp lesions and amputation were located mainly in zone I or II. We performed Atasoy flaps, palm flap, free skin grafts, McGregor flap and the cross finger flap. Our results were good to excellent in 66.67%.

Conclusions:

The best management of fingertip injuries in children remains prevention.
Effectiveness and Safety of a Single 7-French Plastic Stent for Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Pancreatic Pseudocyst Drainage and Long-term Follow-up Outcomes
Authors: Pausawasdi Nonthalee , Rugivarodom Manus , Rujirachun Pongprueth , Charatchareonwitthaya Phunchai , Chantarojanasiri Tanyaporn , Sirivatanauksorn Yongyut
Published: December 2021

Background:

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cystogastrostomy with a single 7-French (Fr) double-pigtail stent (DPS) is less popular due to the concern of stent patency. We aimed to assess the effectiveness, complications, and long-term outcomes of a single 7-Fr DPS in the endoscopic drainage of uncomplicated pseudocysts, containing no or minimal (<10%) debris.

Methods:

A retrospective review of patients with pancreatic pseudocysts, who underwent EUS-guided cystogastrostomy during 2010–2018, and a systematic review of the literature were conducted.

Results:

Of 45 patients, 14 patients underwent endoscopic drainage of uncomplicated pseudocysts using a single 7-Fr × 5 cm DPS. The mean cyst size was 10.2 ± 3.5 cm. Stent placement had a 100% technical and clinical success, defined as complete resolution of symptoms and regression of the cyst size by more than 50% at 8 weeks after drainage. The median follow-up was 42.4 months (range, 10–103). The pseudocysts resolved without recurrence in 92.8%. Spontaneous stent dislodgment was noted in 70% at a mean follow-up of 18 months. Additional interventions were required in 14% of cases due to stent occlusion and migration. A systematic review of literature related to EUS-guided cystogastrostomy using single and multiple plastic stents included 9 of 333 studies (222 patients). The analysis showed the pooled clinical success of 89% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.0–94.2) and complication rate of 13% (95% CI, 5.7–21.8).

Conclusion:

Selected uncomplicated pseudocysts can be treated effectively with a single 7-Fr DPS as it provides comparable clinical success and long-term outcomes as using larger or multiple stents.
The effect of Nd
Authors: Amr Mohamed R.A. , El-Emam Sharif Y. , Eltoukhy Hesham M. , Moussa Magdy S.
Published: December 2021

Background

Regarding the Nd : YAG laser capsulotomy, various complications were reported, such as intraocular lens dislocation, cystoid macular edema, and rise in the intraocular pressure (IOP). The influence of capsulotomy size on the spherical equivalent (S/E), IOP, and the central macular thickness (CMT) after the procedure is controversial. Therefore, carrying out a capsulotomy opening with optimum size and site is slightly challenging.

Aim

The study aimed to evaluate the influence of the Nd : YAG laser posterior capsulotomy size on S/E, IOP, and CMT.

Patients and methods

A total of 40 pseudophakic eyes of 40 patients treated with Nd : YAG laser capsulotomy for posterior capsular opacification were evaluated preoperatively and 1, 4, and 12 weeks after the procedure. The patients were divided into two groups based on the postprocedural size of the capsulotomy opening. The two groups were studied based on the changes in the S/E, best-corrected visual acuity, IOP, and CMT after the capsulotomy.

Results

There was a statistically significant and stable improvement in the best-corrected visual acuity after the procedure in the two groups over the whole period of follow-up (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant change in the S/E and CMT in both groups after the procedure. However, there was a statistically significant increase of the IOP, but within normal limits, at the second visit (1 week after capsulotomy) in the two groups (P<0.001).

Conclusion

The Nd : YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is a safe and effective procedure to treat the posterior capsular opacification. The study found no significant change in the refraction, no serious elevation in the IOP, and no significant increase in the CMT over the short-term follow-up in the two groups.
Supramaximal recession of medial recti for correction of infantile esotropia of more than 50 prism diopters
Authors: Badr Yomna A. Abdel-Rahman , Nasef Mohamed H. , Arafa El-Sayed S. , Ali A.L.
Published: December 2021

Background

Essential infantile esotropia is a manifest constant esodeviation that occurs during the first 6 months of life. It is characterized by a large angle of deviation of more than 40 prism diopters (PD) with alternation of fixation in the primary position and cross-fixation in side gazes. Hence, early intervention is highly recommended to avoid irreversible loss of the ability to attain single binocular vision and normal depth of perception.

Aim

This study aimed to report the results that we obtained after the supramaximal recession of medial recti in cases with large-angle infantile esotropia of more than 50 PD.

Patients and methods

In this prospective study, 7-mm bimedial recession was performed on 30 patients (1–5 years) for treatment of large-angle infantile esotropia with a follow-up period of about 6 months postoperatively. Surgical success could be defined as undercorrection within 10 PD.

Results

The mean of the preoperative angle of deviations was 40±7.8 PD (80 PD). The mean age at the time of surgery was of 1.9±0.9 years. The successful horizontal alignment was achieved in 24 (80%) patients. Six (20%) patients were undercorrected more than 10 PD.

Conclusion

A large-angle recession of bimedial recti is an effective and safe surgical treatment of large-angle infantile esotropia that does not significantly affect adduction and sparing other muscles for any necessary further surgical intervention. That procedure can be an alternative to three or four horizontal muscle surgeries in the treatment of large-angle infantile esotropia. There was not any adduction or convergence limitation of clinical significance postoperatively. Also, there were not any significant cases of consecutive exotropia, but a prolonged follow-up period is needed to detect any delayed appearance.
Luka Sorkočevićs Wiener Tagebuch (1781–1782)
Authors: Katalinić Vjera
Published: December 2021

Luka Sorkočevićs Wiener Tagebuch (1781–1782)
Mitteleuropa – Mythos oder Wirklichkeit?
Authors: Vodopivec Peter
Published: December 2021

Mitteleuropa – Mythos oder Wirklichkeit?
Musikalisches Mitteleuropa im europäischen Kontext, oder: Was kann die Musikhistorie zur Bestimmung von Mitteleuropa beitragen?
Authors: Flotzinger Rudolf
Published: December 2021

Musikalisches Mitteleuropa im europäischen Kontext, oder: Was kann die Musikhistorie zur Bestimmung von Mitteleuropa beitragen?
Vorwort – Begrüßung – Aussprache
Authors: Kajetan Gantar Ivan Klemenčič in
Published: December 2021

Vorwort – Begrüßung – Aussprache