bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management accounting/controlling – publication review in “Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowościˮ for the years 2010–2020
Authors: Dobroszek Justyna , Masztalerz Marek
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The aim of the study is to review research papers on management accounting/con-trolling (MA/C) published in the Polish journal “Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowościˮ (ZTR) in 2010–2020. Methodology/approach: The research papers in the field of MA/C published in ZTR – a leading Polish journal that specializes in accounting research – were reviewed (according to the designated criteria). The years 2010–2020 were chosen as the period of analysis. This period reflects the strengthening of the market economy in Poland, including its internationalization. Descriptive statistics were used to present the results of the empirical study. Findings: Although more than 30 years have passed since the economic and social transformation in Poland, and the flow of scientific and business information is at our fingertips, the number of publications in the field of MA/C has not increased significantly. Articles published in this field refer to the term "management accounting" to a greater extent than "controlling". Half of the publications deal with the issue of methods and tools, but to a small extent, they refer to the innovative aspects of MA/C. Most of the publications are based on empirical research, and the share of review-conceptual articles is clearly decreasing. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited to the journal ZTR and the period 2010–2020. Originality/value: The article contributes to the literature by providing knowledge about the issues raised in the field of management accounting/controlling in research publications in Poland in the context of the internationalization of scientific research and the challenges of modern economies
Ethical threats and safeguards. The case of statutory auditors in the Gdansk region
Authors: Kotyla Cyryl , Hyży Maciej
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify ethical threats faced by Polish statutory auditors in their professional work and the methods of counteracting these threats, i.e., safeguards ensuring compliance with ethical principles of statutory auditors. Methodology/Approach: Survey research was conducted among 45 statutory auditors from the Regional Branch of the Polish Chamber of Statutory Auditors in Gdansk with the aim of identifying the types of ethical threats and safeguards in the practice of Polish statutory auditors. Findings: Based on the research, it was found that among all types of ethical threats indicated in the survey, statutory auditors indicated the risk of familiarity as the type with which they most often deal. The risk of intimidation was ranked second on the list of threats. When it comes to safeguards used by the audited auditors, they primarily indicated two types, i.e., principles and procedures that enable the identification of interest and business relationship between the firm, the personnel and the client, as well as rotating senior assurance team personnel. Originality/Value: Our study fills the gap in the Polish literature in the field of research on the types of ethical threats in the work of statutory auditors and the safeguards they use. We have audited the occurrence of individual types of ethical threats and assessed which of them appear most often in the practice of statutory auditors, threatening the ethical attitudes of statutory auditors. Our study also enriches the literature by presenting the types of security used by Polish statutory auditors to comply with ethical principles
Pediatric Gallbladder Dysmotility: Not as Rare as Previously Considered; a Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Zangiabadian Moein , Khalili-chelik Ahmad , Hosseini Amirhossein , Mohajerzadeh Leily , Sarafi Mehdi , Rouzrokh Mohsen , Dayaghi Mahdieh , Dara Naghi , Sayyari Aliakbar , Nabavizadeh Rahaleh
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Chronic abdominal pain in children is mostly functional, but in association with alarm symptoms such as recurrent vomiting, it is necessary to determine proper tests for the diagnosis of probable underlying organic problems. Case Presentation: Four patients with chronic refractory abdominal pain and nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms presented to our tertiary pediatric center. After thorough medical and psychological investigations and hepatobiliary scintigraphy, and calculating gallbladder ejection fraction, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. One year after the surgery, they were relatively symptom-free and returned to their routine life. Conclusions: Biliary tract abnormalities should be considered as a probable cause of chronic abdominal pain in children. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy can provide promising results to help to identify the underlying causes of chronic abdominal pain in association with nonspecific gastrointestinal manifestations.
The Use of Picture-word Inductive Model and Readers’ Theater to Improve Chinese EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning Achievement
Authors: Gu Cui , Lornklang Thanachart
Published: July 2021

Vocabulary, as the fundament of any language, is one of the most crucial aspects of language learning. And it also draws great attention from Chinese learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). This study conducted an experiment to examine the effectiveness of the picture-word inductive model (PWIM) and readers’ theater on Chinese primary EFL learners’ vocabulary learning achievement. The samples were 34 fifth-grade students from a primary school of China. The students received a vocabulary learning treatment with the lesson plans constructed based on the picture-word inductive model and readers’ theater using Chinese Cheng-yu, and an English vocabulary learning achievement test was conducted before and after the treatment. Results of the test showed that the students’ mean scores in the posttest were significantly improved than in the pre-test, and results of the questionnaire showed that the participants were highly satisfied with learning English via picture-word inductive model and readers’ theater. The results indicated that learning English via picture-word inductive model and readers’ theater is an effective way for improving learners’ English vocabulary learning achievement as it provides the visual support and opportunities for learners to engage in vocabulary acquisition.
Substitution and Ellipsis in the Translation of English-Swahili Healthcare Texts
Authors: Ondara Orang’i Douglas
Published: July 2021

Even though substitution and ellipsis contribute to text cohesiveness just like any other cohesive device, the two grammatical cohesive devices are largely understudied. Focusing on the interplay between translation and cohesion, this study delves into the translation of substitution and ellipsis in Swahili healthcare texts. This study, theoretically anchored on Descriptive Translation Studies, set out to unravel the use of substitution and ellipsis and establish if there is any variation in the use of the two grammatical cohesive devices in the translated Swahili healthcare texts. The data used in the study is extracted from Orang’i (2020) doctoral study. Substitution and ellipsis are the basis for the manual comparison of the coupled pairs from the sample texts. The study has established that ellipsis and substitution are used sparingly in the texts. Though the use of substitution is limited, it emerged that clausal and nominal substitutions were prevalent. Equally, the use of ellipsis is almost non-existent in the Swahili healthcare texts though present in the source texts. The foregoing points to an endeavour by translators to make explicit that which is implicit in the source text and this led to the conclusion that explicitation is a norm in the translation of Swahili healthcare texts. The two cohesive devices are largely about one’s choice and can, to some extent, be avoided or minimally used. Overall, it was implied that substitution and ellipsis are not preferred cohesive devices in Swahili healthcare texts.
Ponapean Song Meter in Optimality Theory
Authors: Aloufi Aliaa
Published: July 2021

The exploration of poetry and songs has been essential to the progress of generative metrical theory that is concerned with the linguistic study of versification. The main issue is that the majority of work is highly concentrated on English poetry. Research on the poetic meter of other languages is thus crucial for a sufficient understanding of meter and metrical rules even though other perspectives and theoretical approaches are utilised. Bearing such a goal in mind, the current study aims to examine the meter in Ponapean songs in the light of Optimality Theory. It found that Ponapean songs are regulated by poetic meter that constrains both the size of the line with a fixed number of morae as well as the prominence that requires stressed morae. The proposed OT analysis derives the restriction on the size of the line with minimality and maximality constraints along with obligatoriness and alignment constraints that account for the prominence. Further rhythmic constraints are needed to regulate the alteration between stressed and unstressed morae. OT is shown in this study to be a framework which is capable of predicting the well-formed nature of rhythmic meter that constrains both the phonological constituency and prominence with regard to Ponapean songs. The proposed analysis might be used for other rhythmic meter that constrains the size and prominence at the same metric level, such as Luganda.
Study on Profitability of Wheat in Major Wheat Producing States of India
Authors: Sahu Ankita , Nahatkar Sunil , Vani Gourav Kumar , Kolar Prasanna
Published: July 2021

The present study was undertaken with the objective to compare the minimum support price (MSP) with total Cost (C2) of wheat and also actual yield with break-even yield in major wheat producing states of India. The secondary data were collected from Directorate of Economics and Statistics for the period 2000-01 to 2016-17. The area of study comprises those states which covered >80 per cent of wheat production in India (i.e., Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana). The result of study showed that the difference between MSP and cost C2 per quintal was found to be positive but fluctuating over the study period (except in the year 2002-03 and 2005-06 in Madhya Pradesh and 2005-06 and 2014-15 in Uttar Pradesh). It can be concluded that wheat growers of the states benefitted more from MSP by cultivation of wheat. The margin of safety was also fluctuating over the period of time in all the five wheat-producing states but gap continuously widening in Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan revealed that the profitability from wheat was increasing in these states.
Disparity Analysis of Fish Cultivators Running Water System Pond in Tanjungsiang District, Subang Regency
Authors: Laksana Deri Eki , Rizal Achmad , Gumilar Iwang , Rostika Rita
Published: July 2021

The research of disparity analysis of fish cultivators running water system pond in Subang Regency has been carried out in April 2019 until December 2020 This study aims to determine the level of budget and analyze the level of inequality in Tanjungsiang, Subang Regency based on characteristics of Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2020. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative method. Information and data are collected by primary and secondary data that obtained by questionnaire and from relevant agencies. Processing data used the Gini Ratio analysis. The results showed that the average expenditure of the population according to the monthly per capita welfare level in Subang Regency was Rp. 1.228.740. The level of income gap of running water system pond fish cultivators in Tanjungsiang District, Subang Regency during the analysis period from 2018 to 2019 is at a high level gap because it is more than 0.5. Based on the Gini coefficient calculation, a value of 0.901 is obtained.
Precise Intraoperative Lymph Node Identification by Isosulfan Blue of Occult Neck Lymph Node Metastases for Decision to Convert from Supraomohyoid Neck Dissection to Comprehensive Neck Dissection in Early-Stage Oral Cancer
Authors: Chindavijak Somjin
Published: July 2021

Objective: To study the sensitivity and specificity of peritumoral isosulfan blue dye injection for localization of suspected metastatic lymph nodes.

Materials and methods: The study included all patients diagnosed with early-stage oral cancer between January 2018 and March 2020. After elevation of the skin flap, the primary site was injected peritumorally with isosulfan blue 0.3-0.5 cc at 1 cm intervals and massaged.  The time at which any draining nodes turned blue was recorded and the node was then excised for frozen section.  After which supraomohyoid neck dissection was performed.  The frozen sections were stained with H&E and analyzed for presence of metastases. Negative sections were further analyzed using immunohistochemistry stains.  Sensitivity, specificity and time of identification suspected metastatic lymph node were analyzed .

Results: Nineteen patients with early-stage oral cancer were included.  The majority (78.4%) presented with tongue lesions. The mean injection amount administered was 3.62±0.83 cc, and the number of injections around the tumor were 10.26±2.31. Mean duration from time of injection to the identification of a blue node was 19.26±15.99 min.  Nodes at Level I of the neck were the most common identified as blue nodes (57.8%).  Statistical analysis comparing pathological findings with blue node identification revealed this technique has a sensitivity of 71.4% with specificity of 91.7% and an overall accuracy of 84.2% in identify metastasis lymph node. 

Conclusion: Isosulfan blue injection of primary oral tumors demonstrated a high level of efficiency in identifying metastatic lesions in draining lymph nodes. This technique may be helpful in deciding intraoperatively whether to convert from supraomohyoid neck dissection to  comprehensive neck dissection  .
Using Ultraviolet A to Check Inanimate Objects for Thorough Cleanliness during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Micallef Charles
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Clean surroundings present lesser chances of catching Novel Coronavirus. Ultraviolet A (UVA, black light) flashlights can reveal things which the eye may miss but hardly anything is documented on the internet about UV and Covid-19 Pandemic when it comes to hygiene of inanimate objects. This report explores how one can detect uncleanliness using a UV flashlight. The formulated hypothesis questions several scenarios when this gadget could prove useful. Examples include: schools, workplace, childcare centres, bars, restaurants, hotels, public restrooms, hospitals, elderly homes, public transport and items like gloves and stretchers. Materials and methods: A clean ceramic bathroom tile was selected and photographed. UVA was emitted on the same tile using a UV flashlight and at the same time a small part was cleaned with a single stroke of a wet wipe and photographed again. External light was undimmed. Results: On comparison, the tile revealed that it was not clean enough because fluorescent green streaks were visible. A cleaner stripe was made after just one stroke with a wet wipe. Another observation showed that tile spacing can be problematic when cleaning. Conclusion: Despite some limitations, a UV flashlight may be useful for the visual monitoring of cleaning completion on high touch surfaces.
Understanding Benefits of Curcumin on Cognitive Function from Molecular Aspect: A Review
Authors: Laksmidewi A. A. A. Putri , Suherlim Richard
Published: July 2021

Cognitive function has a significant impact on individuals’ quality of life. Over time, human cognitive function tends to decline. The importance of cognitive function in everyday life has led many researchers to seek alternative treatments to maintain and improve cognitive function. Some studies show that curcumin can improve cognitive function and prevent cognitive decline in humans.  This review focuses on the benefits of curcumin on cognitive function and the mechanism of how it works from molecular aspect. According to some studies, one of the factors leading to cognitive decline is chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. This review will focus on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective effects, and β amyloid aggregation inhibition properties of curcumin that can improve cognitive function or delay cognitive decline. It is important to understand the basic reasons why curcumin can have benefits on cognitive function, this can be seen from the mechanisms that are reflected in the biomolecular aspect.
Reliable Communications for Vehicular Networks
Authors: Ismael Halbast Rasheed , Ameen Siddeeq Y. , Kak Shakir Fattah , Yasin Hajar Maseeh , Ibrahim Ibrahim Mahmood , Ahmed Awder Mohammed , Rashid Zryan Najat , Omar Naaman , Salih Azar Abid , Ahmed Dindar Mikaeel
Published: July 2021

Vehicular communications, referring to information exchange among vehicles, and infrastructures. It has attracted a lot of attentions recently due to its great potential to support intelligent transportation, various safety applications, and on-road infotainment. The aim of technologies such as Vehicle-to-Vehicl (V2V) and Vehicle to-Every-thibg (V2X) Vehicle-to very-thing is to include models of connectivity that can be used in various application contexts by vehicles. However, the routing reliability of these ever-changing networks needs to be paid special attention. The link reliability is defined as the probability that a direct communication link between two vehicles will stay continuously available over a specified period. Furthermore, the link reliability value is accurately calculated using the location, direction and velocity information of vehicles along the road.
Impact of Iron and Aluminum on the Aggregate Stability of Some Latosols in Central and Southern Liberia (West Africa)
Authors: Ndzana Georges Martial , Bidjeck Louise Marie Bondje , Tamfuh Primus Azinwi , Kolleh Alex Dortie , Ahanda Damien Henri Odigui , Bekoa Etienne , Kubar Kashif Ali , Koa Thierry Mamert Abodo , Amadou Abdoulaye , Abane Monique Abossolo-Angue , Bitom Lucien Dieudonné
Published: July 2021

Problem: Latosols of Liberia are marked by intense surface leaching, strong acidity, low soil organic matter (SOM) content, and low nutrients status, caused by low aggregate stability, which are limiting factors to crop production.

Aim: to evaluate the effect of soil organic carbon (SOC) different forms of Fe and Al on the aggregate stability of latosols.

Methodology: Composite surface (0-20 cm depth) samples of four latosols at different localities in Liberia (Lat1, Phebe; Lat2, Felela; Lat3, Salala; Lat4, Todee) were collected and analyzed for aggregate stability parameters and factors by standard laboratory methods.

Results: the studied soils are sandy clayey, very acidic and poor in SOC. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranges from 10.28 to 14.80 mmol.kg−1. Dominant forms of Al and Fe are free Fe (Fed) and Al [1], followed by amorphous Fe (Feo) and Al (Alo) and chelated Fe (Fep) and Al (Alp). The highest levels of water dispersible clay (WDC) and clay dispersible index (CDI) in Lat1 and Lat2 implied that these two soils are less stable compared to Lat3 and Lat4. The Fe and Al in all forms seem to contribute to soil aggregate stability. The SOC, although very low, also contributes to soil aggregate stability. SOC correlated positively with WDC, CDI and ASC, indicating the impact of SOC both as an aggregating agent and as a dispersing agent, in contrast to previous studies.

Conclusion: The study reveals that Fe, Al and SOC are cementing materials which impact the aggregate stability in Latosols.
Evaluation of the Sulphur-Supplying Ability of Soils to Support Plant Growth and Assessment of Relative Crop Response to Sulphur Application through Neubauer Technique
Authors: Hembram Sandip , Mukhopadhyay Prabir , Das Ganesh
Published: July 2021

Sulphur plays a vital role in the nutrition of oilseeds and pulses. Along with nitrogen and phosphorus, it plays an important role in the formation of proteins  and is involved in the metabolic and enzymatic processes of all living cells. Several biological techniques have been studied in order to assess sulphur deficiency or sufficiency in different groups of sulphur fertilizer for achieving the optimum yield of crops of which Neubauer technique is generally considered as one such tool that can be used for piloting the sulphur supplying capacity of the soils to supplement its requirement for the establishment of the plant. Surface (0-15 cm) soil samples from typical rice and pulse growing fields spread over the dominant soil groups of West Bengal which belong under 16 identified soil series were collected for this study. In order to assess sulphur availability in soils Neubauer technique was employed. Under sulphur treatment, the lowest dry matter yield and uptake by shoot was recorded in Bankul soil. Among the soils, the lowest root dry matter yield at control treatment was recorded in patapahari soil and the highest was in Hijalgara soil. A similar trend was also observed in case of S uptake by the shoot. While highest dry matter yield and maximum sulphur uptake by shoot was registered in Sukhnibasa and kusmi soil respectively. Likewise for N, P and K elements, the Neubauer technique may be used as one of the biological techniques for evaluating S response to crops as well as S supplying capacity of the soil to support plant growth.
Rehabilitation in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Case Report
Authors: Zade Ruchika , Shende Gunjan , Sahu Priyanka , Fating Tejaswini , Deshpande Shruti , Phansopkar Pratik
Published: July 2021

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) seems to be the most common X-linked muscular dystrophy condition in children marked by proximal muscle weakness and calf hypertrophy and affected mostly in boys. In more than 20 muscular dystrophies                                            the most prevalent form is Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Each 1/3500 male births,                                      the presence of DMD worldwide, indicating that in the UK alone there are approximately 2400 people living with DMD. Assessing improvements in severity, range of motion and                              functional mobility, implementation of therapies and guidance on positioning are important key factors.
Clinical Finding: Mostly in proximal muscles around the hips and shoulders, which are those around the trunk of the body, muscle weakness occurs mainly. In the lower extremities, weakness usually begins proximally, and then passes distally. Symptoms typically begin about the age of 1-3 years. To see the child run and get up off the floor while searching for signs of DMD is necessary.
Diagnosis: A very common physical finding in boys with Duchenne's is Gower's Sign. In order to get up, it requires using their hands to 'climb' their legs. It is because of a weakness in the boy's hip muscles, which was seen in this patient in progressive in nature. The proper examination and evaluation the symptoms the child presented to the physiotherapy clinic played an important in reaching to the diagnosis of the condition.
Conclusion: Prevent the child from developing contracture, correct posture of the child and maintain quality of life these are important criteria in for the child suffered from Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Analysis of Predictors of 30-Day Mortality for Patients Undergoing Surgical Repair of Post-Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Lebedieva Yelizaveta , Francisco Chacón-Lozsán , Aliyev Ramil , Grusha Mykhailo
Published: July 2021

Aims: Despite the existence of numerous studies devoted to predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-myocardial infarction (MI) ventricular septum defect (VSD), the choice of surgical treatment tactics for post-MI VSD remains an item of discussion. The purpose of the research was to determine the most significant risk factors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-MI VSD in order to optimize the tactics of such patients’ surgical repair.

Study design: The retrospective analysis of the results of a comprehensive examination and surgical treatment of 88 in-patients with post-MI VSD for the period of 2002-2019 was carried out.

Results: As follows of the research findings, independent predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-MI VSD were determined. The predictors identified were combined into a Scoring system to stratify the risk of surgical failure in patients with post-MI VSD. Modelling the surgery outcomes makes it possible to optimize the tactics of surgical treatment of patients with post-MI VSD.

Conclusion: we have identified the most significant predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-MI VSD. The Score designed for mortality risk assessment is easy in use compared to other existing tools used in clinical practices when planning the surgical intervention in post-MI VSD patients. This Score may allow the stratification of post-MI VSD patients.
A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study to Find Out the Knowledge and Awareness of Community Pharmacist and Physician about Drug Information Center (DIC) and Its Services
Authors: Hadia Rajesh , Shah Rushabh , Parikh Jahnvi , Johnson Jisa , Thomas Anchu Marry , Pandit Niraj , Rathod Trupal , Joshi Dhaval , Baile Sunil , Gohel Kushalkumar
Published: July 2021

Background: Drug information centre (DIC) is a facility specially developed to provide relevant, accurate and unbiased drug information (DI) to consumer and health care professionals regarding the proper use of the drugs, drug safety and all the critical problems regarding the drug information of their usage and side effects.

Objective: The present study was about to access the knowledge of the primary care physicians and community pharmacists about the DIC and its facilities and to spread awareness regarding the same.

Methodology: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among the 88 participants of Vadodara city, Halol-Kalol town for 6 months of period. 68 pharmacist and 20 physicians took part in the study from these cities. The data was further Analysed by comparing the available data and resource to find out the awareness regarding the DIC.

Result: During the study duration, a total of 88 participants took part in the study from various out of them 68 (77%) were community Pharmacist, and 20 (23%) were primary care physicians. In the end of the study, 48 (70.2%) pharmacist and 10 (50%) physicians know about the following data of DI, DIC, DIQ (Drug Information Query), resources and the role of pharmacist in DIC and it was clearly evaluated that the knowledge about the DIC, DI, DIQ was not thoroughly available for the pharmacist and physicians.

Conclusion: The present study concludes that the awareness about Drug Information Centre (DIC), Drug Information, and its value and importance is not as much as it should be in Vadodara city, Halol-Kalol. Several awareness programme should be carried to bring the importance and value of DIC in limelight and to make it accessible easily for all to decrease several drug related problems.
A Case Study on Management of Tinea Cruris with Classical Vaman Karma
Authors: Deshmukh Sourabh G. , Thakre Trupti , Gupta Jaya , Waskar Rohit
Published: July 2021

Tinea Cruris is the disease of fungal infection of groin by dermatophyte fungi. It is commonly seen in men, and also called as Jock Itch as the other name. It is the condition which shows characteristics of disease as erythema, itching, burning sensation, cracked skin, skin rashes which worsen by exercise, skin discoloration and important symptom like rashes does not clears but increases due to antifungal creams. The management of the condition can be done in Ayurvedic perspective. According to Ayurveda all the classified disease of skin are considered as in Kushta Roga (skin disease), where the conditions of fungal infections are correlated with the Dadru Kshudra Kushta (Tinea). Due the clinical features of itch, redness, circular patches. The disease having exaggerated state of Pitta and Kapha Dosha, moreover Kapha. The treatment principle in such conditions is Shodhan Purificaton therapy along with Shaman (Pacificatory) therapy, as both therapies are considered best in Kushta Roga according to Acharyas. This case report is of the female patient suffered from itching over left thigh region along with redness, pimples, and round patches since 3 months, the patient finds the relief after following the Ayurvedic treatment as Shodhan Karma and Shaman Karma with lifestyle changes. The symptoms were diminished by Vaman Karma (emesis). She got 80-90% relief after Shodhan Karma as if one can consider the best treatment for tinea cruris.
Report on Steroid- Responsive Encephalopathy in a Case of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Dehane Mayuri A. , Shingode Darshana , Patil Manoj
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Thyroiditis caused by Hashimoto's common, Thyroid gland enlargement that is painless and diffuse that affects mostly women in their forties and fifties. While most patients are euthyroid, hypothyroidism may grow. In addition, several patients have thyroid antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity, which can be demonstrated using a variety of strategies. The annual number of cases per 10,000 people prevalence of at least 2% among women. Thyroiditis causes the thyroid gland to become extinct capacity to keep iodine in a safe place, generate together with secrete circulating iodoproteins in the blood, and produce inefficient hormone. As a result, the thyroid gland is overstimulated, and the patient has a high rate of Iodine in the thyroid turnover.

Clinical Finding: enlargement of thyroid gland. Difficulty in swallowingand breathing, unexplained weight gain,constipation, slow heart beat, fatigue, swelling in extremities, dryness.

Medical History: In 2010 she was suffering from same problems. Hashimoto thyroiditis cured for medical intervention in Nagpur medical college, after that treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis she took the treatment in A.V.B. R. Hospitalfor management of Hashimoto thyroiditis. Now she is admitted in peadiatrics ward for further management of Hashimoto thyroiditis.

The Diagnosis and Therapeutic Intervention: After physical examination and investigation, this case was diagnosed as Hashimoto thyroiditis. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy was used to treat the condition. This normally entails taking levothyroxine.

Leoxyl Check: After six to eight weeks of treatment, the TSH level should be normal with dose 12.5-25 mcg. Absorption of levothyroxin may be affected by some drugs, supplements, and diets taken 4 hours. Triiodothyronine 5 to 10 mcg received in twice in day.

Nursing Perspectives: Assessement of anterior or posterior location of the thyroid IV Fluid was provided. Check blood pressure and vital signs per hourly. Monitor the Pulse oximetry, ABG, and respiratory rate, and pattern are all factors to consider.

Conclusion: Comprehensive systemic review of autoimmune disease, our best estimate of incidence rates for hypothyroidism in female and male treatment and management improves the outcomes of Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Sturge Weber Syndrome: A Rare Neurocutaneous Syndrome
Authors: Singh Varun , Lakhkar Bhushita , Dhande Rajasbala P. , Tapadia Shreya , Unadkat Bhavik
Published: July 2021

Sturge Weber syndrome is a type of neurocutaneous disorder also known as meningofacial angiomatosis. It is generally seen in paediatric age group and more  commonly effects the  males which present with delayed milestones, seizure disorder, loss of vision and other neurological deficits. Clinical suspicion of Sturge weber syndrome should be made on the  presence of port wine stain(facial nevus) in a young children. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) plays a key role in detecting the various spectrum of cortical and vascular defects associated with the syndrome. Clinicians can come to a final diagnosis of Sturge weber syndrome, when the clinical history is supplemented with MRI findings. We in our case report will be discussing the various spectrum of MR findings in this rare neurocutaneous syndrome.
Physiotherapeutic Approach in Stress Urinary Incontinence with Prolapsed Uterus: A Case Report
Authors: Palkrit Sakshi , Naqvi Waqar M. , Burhani Tasneem
Published: July 2021

The International Continence Society (ICS) describes incontinence as an objectively demonstrable loss of urine which is not voluntary and that is a social and/or sanitary issue. The complaint of leakage of urine, which is not voluntary on an effort made, on exertion, on sneezing or while coughing is described as Stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The intra-abdominal increases as the effort or exertion increases, and the urethral sphincter is not capable to sustain a pressure greater than the pressure applied on the urinary bladder. Eventually, leakage of urine occurs during the daily activities like lifting, laughing, jumping, while sneezing or coughing. In women, stress urinary incontinence is most common category of incontinence of urine. Even though it isn’t a lethal illness. SUI has a number of negative effects on women's quality of life, including restricting social interaction and relationship and the personal relationships but also physical activity. Cystocele is the weakness of pubocervical fascia, which makes the urinary bladder to descend downwards and backwards against the anterior wall of the vagina. If this is a not taut then it will protrude. In more extreme cases a pouch of bladder sets up which holds on to the residual urine. The conservative treatment, a nonsurgical therapy, includes ameliorating the living standards, urinary bladder training, pelvic floor muscle exercises and strengthening. Kegel exercises are the most effective form of strengthening muscles of pelvic floor in addition are a noninvasive therapy and the use of vaginal weights or cones are not included. The rehabilitation and strengthening muscles of pelvic floor is facilitated and promote urine storage. The combination of Kegel’s exercise along with other interventions for a span of six weeks has shown a significant improvement in the symptoms.
Clinical Study of Scleral Fixated Intraocular Lens Implantation in Blunt Ocular Trauma
Authors: Gadre Girish , Maheshwari Neha , Karambelkar V. H.
Published: July 2021

Aim: to assess visual outcome and complications associated with SFIOL implantation in traumatic lens subluxation/ dislocation cases.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 45 patients who were managed for traumatic dislocation/subluxation of clear or cataractous lenses from June 2019 to July 2020 in a Krishna hospital, Karad, Satara. All cases underwent anterior vitrectomy/3 port pars plana vitrectomy + removal of lens and ab externo 2 point scleral fixation with rigid or foldable sfiol. In posteriorly dislocated/subluxated lens, vitrectomy was done and the lens was removed using pick forceps and retrieved by hand shake technique. In anteriorly dislocated cataractous lens, the lens was removed through the tunnel incision.

Results: Majority of the patients were between 55-65 years of age with male pre-ponderance (73.3%).Out of 45 cases, 21 cases (46.6%) were traumatic dislocated lens and 24 cases (53.3%) were traumatic subluxated lens. The mean preoperative BCVA was 0.13 ± 0.24 logMAR, which improved 0.39 ± 0.366 logMAR postoperatively (P <0.0001 ).Preoperatively BCVA in logMAR in 39 cases (86.6%) was 0.3 or better, 6 cases (13.3%) was 0.3 to 1.0 . Postoperatively BCVA in logMAR in 21 cases (46.67%) was 0.3 or better, 24 cases (53.3%) was 0.3 to 1. P-value is 0.00057 which is significant. Early postoperative complications noted were raised intraocular pressure in 12 cases (26.6%), corneal edema in 9 cases (20%), vitreous hemorrhage in 8 cases (17.7%)  and hypotony in 3 cases (6.67%).Late postoperative complications were persistent elevation of intraocular pressure in 10 cases (22.2%), cystoid macular edema in 3 cases (6.67%), epiretinal membrane in 3 cases (6.67%).

Conclusion: In every horrendous case, long haul follow-up is needed to distinguish confusions and start treatment at the most punctual.
Follow-The-Money: Policy-Level Engagements for Girl Child STEM Education in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Agwu Ani, Nwachuchu , Chibueze Onuoha, Onyekachi , Hamzat Lawal
Published: July 2021

In Nigeria in the 1950s, a person with a liberal arts education was considered a truly educated person. The liberal arts education was for personal development and deployment in the administrative services and teaching but had little commercial scientific application. Admittedly, this era of generalists is dying, giving way for a new paradigm. The new paradigm is the knowledge economy. Now, to be an effective player in the knowledge economy, an individual needs specialised knowledge and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education is the building block. In Northern Nigeria, there is a problem - STEM is still generally seen as courses for the men while the women are encouraged by their parents to pursue careers in the liberal arts when they did not drop out. The resultant effect is a reinforcement of gender inequality and economic disparities which negates the spirit of Sustainable Development Goals. Disturbed by the trend, Connected Development with support from development partners, is using her innovative Follow-The-Money project to pilot grassroots-based advocacy aimed against STEM-inclined stereotypes and out-of-school syndrome - which disproportionately affects the girl child. The campaign methodology involves surveying and profiling dilapidated schools in rural communities and peri-urban areas in Northern Nigeria and conveying findings to political authorities and policymakers for intervention. While political accountability must be extracted from authorities, we engage social/informal institutions to build up interest for girl child education. Follow The Money is challenging stereotypes, social norms and cultural practices impeding the uptake of STEM education and also strengthening informal structures to demand political accountability. Through high-level engagements, results show unprecedented reconstruction and rehabilitation of dilapidated schools and enrolments are soaring. Undoubtedly, the proportion of girls taking up interests in STEM has improved remarkably. Follow-The-Money is now scaling-up across the 36 states in Nigeria.
Petition from the inhabitants of South Leith, addressed to General Monk, praying him to restore to them the use of the Parish Chruch, Circa 1655; Illustrated with a series of Extracts from the Kirk-Session Records of that Parish
Authors: Laing David
Published: July 2021

David Laing presents a petition from the inhabitants of Leith to General Monk that he suggests should be dated to c.1655-56. The petition is asking if General could remove his soldiers from the parishioners' church so they could use it for worship. Laing also includes several entries from the Kirk-Session Records of the Church of St. Mary's in South Leith to illustrate the difficulties the parishioners faced over the six years they were prevented from entering their church.
An Integrated Soft Jumping Robotic Module Based on Liquid Metals
Authors: Liu Tian-Ying , Li Dong-Dong , Ye Jiao , Li Qian , Sheng Lei , Liu Jing
Published: July 2021

The feasibility of liquid metal (LM) to serve for soft robots has been audaciously conceived. While most practices prefer its flexible conductivity or deformation, the LM‐activated hydrogen production with high efficiency should be emphasized that it provides another promising option about portable power supply for robots, which is beneficial for autonomy. Herein, a soft jumping robotic module featuring independent hydrogen supply and explosion‐actuated motion is proposed and fabricated. A necessary processing for raw materials is of priority that ensured convenient utilization in practice. Then the specific configuration of module is discussed and tested. As for applications, the module is integrated into a spherical‐shaped soft robot and a rigid‐wheeled robot as a functional unit. The former one shows vertical jumps, whereas the latter demonstrates its ability to jump over barriers. In general, the real‐time hydrogen supply together with pneumatic actuation from combustion enables a flexible way to realize powerful motion, and the modular characteristic expands its universality for more devices, enabling them with new forms of movement that is quite useful in expedition and rescue. An important trial toward the wish of more deeply combining LM with the development of soft robots and exploiting its diverse potentials is represented.
Decoupling the Impacts of Engineering Defects and Band Gap Alignment Mechanism on the Catalytic Performance of Holey 2D CeO2−x‐Based Heterojunctions
Authors: Zheng Xiaoran , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Cazorla Claudio , Daiyan Rahman , Esmailpour Ali Asghar , Scott Jason , Yao Yin , Lim Sean , Wong Vienna , Chen Ewing Y. , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Koshy Pramod , Sorrell Charles C.
Published: July 2021

Critical catalysis studies often lack elucidation of the mechanistic role of defect equilibria in solid solubility and charge compensation. This approach is applied to interpret the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of a free‐standing 2D–3D CeO2−x scaffold, which is comprised of holey 2D nanosheets, and its heterojunctions with MoO3−x and RuO2. The band gap alignment and structural defects are engineered using density functional theory (DFT) simulations and atomic characterization. Further, the heterojunctions are used in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and catalytic ozonation applications, and the impacts of the metal oxide heteroatoms are analyzed. A key outcome is that the principal regulator of the ozonation performance is not oxygen vacancies but the concentration of Ce3+ and Ce vacancies. Cation vacancy defects are measured to be as high as 8.1 at% for Ru‐CeO2−x. The homogeneous distribution of chemisorbed, Mo‐oxide, heterojunction nanoparticles on the CeO2−x holey nanosheets facilitates intervalence charge transfer, resulting in the dominant effect and resultant ≈50% decrease in overpotential for HER. The heterojunctions are tested for aqueous‐catalytic ozonation of salicylic acid, revealing excellent catalytic performance from Mo doping despite the adverse impact of Ce vacancies. The present study highlights the use of defect engineering to leverage experimental and DFT results for band alignment.
Novel Christmas Branched Like NiO/NiWO4/WO3 (p–p–n) Nanowire Heterostructures for Chemical Sensing
Authors: Kaur Navpreet , Zappa Dario , Maraloiu Valentin‐Adrian , Comini Elisabetta
Published: July 2021

Establishing a platform comprising different nanostructured oxides is an emerging idea to develop highly sensitive and selective sensing devices. Herein, novel 3D‐heterostructures (p–p–n) consisting of 1D nanowires of NiO and WO3 along with their intermediate reactive product, i.e., NiWO4 seed, are produced by a two‐steps vapor phase growth method. In‐depth morphological and structural investigations describing the growth mechanism of these heterostructures are presented. Finally, the p–p–n heterostructures are integrated into conductometric sensing devices and their performances are investigated toward different gases. It is observed that by modulating the charge‐carrier transport with temperature, the heterostructure sensors exhibit selective behavior toward different gas analytes. Indeed, at 300 °C, the heterostructure sensors show relatively selective behavior toward NO2, while at 400 °C, high selectivity toward VOCs is observed. The improvement in sensing performances is mainly based on charge carrier transport through the two interfaces (one at WO3/NiWO4 (n–p) and the other at NiWO4/NiO (p–p)) and the modulation of charge carriers in the electron depletion layer of WO3 and hole accumulation layer of NiO and NiWO4. The remarkable performance of these complex heterostructures with low ppb‐level detection limits makes them excellent candidates for chemical/ gas sensing applications in e‐noses.
Biomimetic Glucose Trigger‐Insulin Release System Based on Hydrogel Loading Bidentate β‐Cyclodextrin
Authors: Wang Renqi , Tian Yuhui , Wang Jiankang , Song Wenxuan , Cong Yong , Wei Xuebing , Mei Yingwu , Miyatake Hideyuki , Ito Yoshihiro , Chen Yong Mei
Published: July 2021

Initiated by the specific binding between D‐glucose and biological receptors, the human body has a delicate metabolic system to regulate blood D‐glucose levels, but failing to release insulin would induce hyperglycemia or type I diabetes. While insulin delivery is an effective form of hyperglycemia therapy, the self‐regulated triggering of insulin release for on‐demand supplementation remains inadequate. Here, a biomimetic glucose trigger‐insulin release system, that is, a bidentate β‐cyclodextrin‐based hydrogel with preloaded insulin is presented; the dual self‐regulated system shows a specific D‐glucose response to realize accurate monitoring and simultaneous on‐demand trigger insulin release. The specific binding between D‐glucose and the bidentate β‐cyclodextrin induces the release of protons, causing macroscopic swelling of the hydrogel, subsequently triggering the on‐demand and long‐term supplementation of insulin. On the contrary, isomers of D‐glucose, such as D‐fructose and D‐galactose, cause shrinking of the hydrogel, and retard insulin release. In‐vivo studies in type I diabetic mice model ascertain that although the bidentate β‐CD hydrogel is preloaded with short‐activity insulin, it exerts long‐activity control of blood glucose level over 12 h.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission‐Active Gels: Fabrications, Functions, and Applications
Authors: Li Zhao , Ji Xiaofan , Xie Huilin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: July 2021

Chromophores that exhibit aggregation‐induced emission (i.e., aggregation‐induced emission luminogens [AIEgens]) emit intense fluorescence in their aggregated states, but show negligible emission as discrete molecular species in solution due to the changes in restriction and freedom of intramolecular motions. As solvent‐swollen quasi‐solids with both a compact phase and a free space, gels enable manipulation of intramolecular motions. Thus, AIE‐active gels have attracted significant interest owing to their various distinctive properties and promising application potential. Herein, a comprehensive overview of AIE‐active gels is provided. The fabrication strategies employed are detailed, and the applications of AIEgens are summarized. In addition, the gel functions arising from the AIE moieties are revealed, along with their structure–property relationships. Furthermore, the applications of AIE‐active gels in diverse areas are illustrated. Finally, ongoing challenges and potential means to address them are discussed, along with future perspectives on AIE‐active gels, with the overall aim of inspiring research on novel materials and ideas.