bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algunas reflexiones sobre por qué no se nombra la violencia sexual vivida por hombres
Authors: Guillermo Figueroa Juan , Romero Claudia
Published: March 2023

En este texto proponemos posibles razones por las cuales el tema de la violencia sexual hacia los sujetos del sexo masculino no es tan estudiado, nombrado y abordado en investigaciones, políticas públicas y campañas para atender y prevenir la violencia que ellos ejercen y la que reciben de otras personas. Combinamos razones teóricas y semióticas con razones políticas e ideológicas. Discutimos la falta de agencia de quienes reciben la violencia, al no reconocerse como posibles víctimas de dichas agresiones sexuales. Consideramos el discurso religioso y jurídico, al reproducir imaginarios de los delitos sexuales y al definir a víctimas y victimarios. Reflexionamos sobre el consentimiento, la frontera entre una agresión y un encuentro sexual acordado y las secuelas emocionales en la persona que vive la violencia. Cada una de las razones comentadas sugiere vertientes de investigación, diálogo y reflexión colectiva sobre la interacción y violencia sexual entre las personas.
Introducción al Dossier: La(s) etnografia(s) hoy: sus desafíos y vigencia a cien años de la publicación de Los argonautas del Pacífico occidental de Bronislaw Malinowski
Authors: Ames Patricia
Published: March 2023

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Una introducción strictu sensu. Malinowski a bordo del portaaviones ARA 25 de mayo
Authors: Guber Rosana
Published: March 2023

Este artículo muestra cómo podemos utilizar la introducción a Los argonautas del Pacífico occidental, de Bronislav Malinowski, en nuestras investigaciones actuales. En este caso puntual y a propósito de una doble conmemoración que se celebra en 2022, presento la lógica con la cual estructuré una clase de método etnográfico en abril de 2021. Lo hice tomando un tema extraño para mis estudiantes, alentándolos a formular preguntas y a pensar y comprender la estructura, los imponderables de la vida real y la mentalidad de estos particulares nativos, el verdadero Otro para la academia argentina. La situación se refería a los marinos militares de la Armada, con quienes trabajé para comprender cómo vivieron el conflicto angloargentino por Las Malvinas e Islas del Atlántico sur en 1982.
Releyendo a Los Argonautas a la luz de reflexiones actuales
Authors: Rockwell Elsie
Published: March 2023

Al releer hoy la obra maestra de Malinowski, Los argonautas, nos encontramos con una perspectiva fundante del quehacer etnográfico considerado como la tarea de «ser cronistas» de realidades ajenas. A la vez nos topamos con ciertos conceptos —nativos, culturas, mentalidades— que han sido deconstruidos, redefinidos o incluso desechados entre antropólogos contemporáneos. Sin embargo, sus descripciones de los «imponderables de la vida real» siguen siendo un modelo válido de la forma de dar cuenta gráfica de la complejidad de las realidades no documentadas que estudiamos, incluyendo las propias. Retomo en este ensayo las palabras de varios antropólogos contemporáneos que acordarían con Malinowski que la «meta final es enriquecer […] nuestra propia visión del mundo», pero que enfatizan, además, la centralidad de la experiencia personal en el trabajo etnográfico, así como la necesidad de historizar nuestras descripciones etnográficas, dos aspectos no presentes en Los argonautas.
Aproximaciones etnográficas a las infancias y la educación en América Latina cien años después de Los argonautas del Pacíf
Authors: Barón Maritza Díaz
Published: March 2023

El libro Los argonautas del Pacífico occidental de Bronislaw Malinowski, sin duda alguna, es el referente inaugural del método etnográfico. Se constituyó como opción epistemológica de la antropología y, progresivamente, como recurso metodológico para otras disciplinas. Este artículo hace referencia al lugar de algunos aspectos de la etnografía malinowskiana que se han transformado y otros aún presentes en la antropología de las infancias y educaciones en América Latina
Malinowsky for today?
Authors: Damon Frederick H
Published: March 2023

From the point of view of a contemporary Kula Ring ethnographer, this paper surveys Malinowski’s heritage, sums up the current state of Kula Ring research, and asks of the status of the ethnographic research heritage Malinowski did much to define. All recent Kula Ring anthropologists partly define themselves with respect to Malinowski’s tradition. And the resultsof their work over the last 50 years again made the region central to the discipline for part of the recent past. But today Malinowski’s Trobriand corpus is being redefined. New lines of inquiry are contributing to our understanding of the area. And Malinowski’s methods have fertilized other portions of our social system and branches for self-reflection. As it shouldbe, what Malinowski helped define is very much with us.
Situación de los pueblos indígenas en Chile frente a la investigación biomédica. Una mirada interdisciplinar
Authors: Fajreldin Chuaqui Valentina Eliana
Published: March 2023

Este texto reflexiona desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria que vincula la bioética con la antropología médica, sobre los desafíos de los pueblos indígenas frente a la investigación biomédica de acuerdo al escenario actual de las instituciones y normativas éticas e interculturales en Chile. Esta reflexion toma como fundamento dos casos concretos de operativos biomédicos poco éticos –uno con el pueblo Rapa Nui, el otro con el pueblo mapuche- para mostrar la dinámica relacional de los actores involcrados, sus expectativas y objetivos. La reflexión propone una discusión en torno a las posibilidades de una bioética situada y coherente con los marcos de derechos en salud de pueblos indígenas, que logre orientar la investigación biomédica hacia el beneficio de los sujetos –individuos y colectivos- en cuestión.
Occurrences, isolation, identification and susceptibility of Salmonella sp. in pigeons at Kamrangirchar thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan M. I. , Islam M. S. , Ansari W. K. , Chowdhury G. A. , Das S. K. , Anower A. K. M. M.
Published: March 2023

Salmonellosis is one of the most common bacterial diseases of poultry which have a great detrimental effect. A very few number of research previously conducted on occurrence, isolation, identification and susceptibility of Salmonella sp. in pigeon at Bangladesh. Therefore present research was carried out to determine the isolation, identification and susceptibility of Salmonella sp. in pigeons at Kamrangirchar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 1559 diseased pigeons were examined from the first July to last August 2019. They were grouped, into two categories, according to age squabs (0-21 days) and adults (>22 days). Fifty (50) samples were randomly collected from 15 different small-scale farms in the study area. Fecal samples from live pigeons and tissue (liver and lung) samples from the freshly dead birds were examined to detect, isolate, and identify Salmonella sp. by Gram’s staining technique and after enrichment of samples in the peptone water followed by growth in S.S. Agar, and X.L.D. Agar simultaneously. The findings of the study revealed that 32 (64%) of samples were positive for Salmonella sp. It also assured that out of 15 farms, 8 farms were infected with salmonellosis consisting of 305 pigeons. The occurrence of Salmonella sp. at the study area within study period in pigeons was 19.56% (305 in 1559). The present study showed that squabs (55.08%) are more susceptible to salmonellosis than adults (44.92%). This study was conducted for the first time in Kamrangirchar, Dhaka, and the time has come to take the necessary steps to save pigeon farming.
Screening of oxytetracycline & chlortetracycline residues in poultry feeds in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam P. , Biswas S. K. , Hossain M. I. , Khatun P. , Sikder M. H. , Islam Islam, A.
Published: March 2023

A total of 112 poultry feed samples were screened for oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline antibiotic residues by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The samples were collected from Natore, Naogaon, Rangpur and Comilla districts of Bangladesh. Poultry feed samples were classified according to their product type (homemade, commercial) and types of poultry feed (broiler feed, layer feed and sonali feed). All the homemade poultry feed samples (100%) tested positive for oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline antibiotic residue when screened. About 95% of commercial poultry feed tested positive for antibiotic residue in all four districts. In this study, the positive screening for oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline antibiotic residue in broiler, layer and sonali poultry feed types are 98%, 95% and 90%, respectively. This study also observed that antibiotic residue remained in feed samples irrespective of temperature and time as they had been stored for about a year at room temperature. From this study, it was revealed that the use of antibiotics in poultry feeds was extensive. Moreover, the duration of sustaining in poultry feed also raised concerns regarding their use and effect on the environment. This study has also increased the concern about the strict monitoring of the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.
Influence of humic acid on morpho-physiology and yield of rice
Authors: Barai S. , Islam M. M. , Parvin S. , Nizam R. , Bithy P. A.
Published: March 2023

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of soil organic amendments-cow dung and humic acid on morphology and yield of rice under drought stress at the net-house, Agricultural Botany Department at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, during the period from July 2018 to November 2018. This single factorial experiment pots where arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Four different levels of soil organic amendments viz. SM1 = Soil + inorganic fertilizer (control), SM2 = Soil + cow dung + inorganic fertilizer, SM3 = Soil + inorganic fertilizer + humic acid and SM4 = Soil + inorganic fertilizer + cow dung + humic acid. The results showed that morphological characters and yield of rice significantly increased with addition of cow dung and humic acid into the soil. In terms of morpho-physiology, the highest plant height 112.90 cm and number of tillers plant-1 11.25 were achieved from the treatment SM4 (Soil + inorganic fertilizer + cow dung + humic acid). In terms of the variables that contribute to the yield, the highest days to 1st flowering (72.75) and days to 1st maturity (122.05 days) were found from control treatment SM4 (Soil + inorganic fertilizer + humic acid + cow dung). Similarly, the highest panicle length (24.94 cm), number of filled grain panicle-1 (221.40), number of unfilled grain panicle-1 (42.25), root length (17.93 cm), number of grains panicle-1 (247.40), grain weight hill-1 (25.17 g), straw weight hill-1 (33.26 g) and harvest index (42.93%) were achieved from SM4 (Soil + inorganic fertilizer + cow dung + humic acid) . The highest soil moisture content (17.23 and 16.17% at 55 and 70 DAT, respectively) was also achieved from SM4 (Soil + inorganic fertilizer + cow dung + humic acid). This experimental results highlighted that together use of cow dung and humic acid increased the grain weight plants-1 more than 150% compared to controlled condition. Finally, it concluded that application of cow dung and humic acid as soil organic amendments increases the yield of aman rice.
Current status and chronological development of fisheries and aquaculture in Bangladesh
Authors:   Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Azad K. N. , Azad K. N. ,   Bangladesh Agricultural University
Published: March 2023

While many parts of the world face water scarcity, Bangladesh is fortunate to have an abundance of the resource. The economic health of the country depends heavily on the fishing industry. Both capture fisheries and culture fisheries are common types of fisheries. Unlike culture fisheries, which is farming aquatic organisms in closed waters under controlled conditions, capture fisheries typically means harvesting fish and other aquatic organisms from open waters. This article examines Bangladesh's fisheries and aquaculture sectors using data from the Bangladesh Department of Fisheries and a few other relevant organizations and articles. Bangladesh is one of the world's major fish producers, with a total output of 4.62 million metric tons (MT) in the fiscal year 2020-2021. The majority (57.10%) of the country's fish and shrimp come from aquaculture, while 28.16 and 14.74 percent come from inland capture and marine capture, respectively. Bangladesh ranks only fifth in aquaculture production and third in inland open-water capture production whereas it stands first in hilsa production in the world. One of the most productive fish species is the major carp. There has been a modest increase in the country's inland aquaculture output over the past few decades, but the country also gets fish from inland capture and marine fisheries. The most recent ten years have seen significant contributions to inland capture fisheries and inland aquaculture from floodplains and ponds, respectively. The most common fisheries exports are frozen raw shrimp in blocks, individually quick frozen (IQF) shrimp and white fish, chilled and frozen Hilsa, crab, etc. In 2020-21, the country has earned BDT 4088.96 crore, or 1.24% of total export revenues, from exporting 76.59 metric tons of fish, shrimp, and other fishery products. However, over the past decade, the value of exported fish and fishery products has shown a nearly erratic trend. In contrast, annual production of the national fish hilsa has increased on a rising trend over the past decade. The number of carp seeds produced from both natural and artificial sources has followed an erratic increasing trend with some deviations during the past decennium. As the country's fisheries and aquaculture industries continue to grow, many cutting-edge technologies are making significant contributions that are helping to improve the quality of life for all involved. This has helped Bangladesh's economy expand over the past decade, particularly in fishing and aquaculture sectors.
Assessment of Mutagenic Sensitivity and Lethal Dose of EMS in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) variety CO 7
Authors: Ravi Aiswarya , Rani M.S. Aneesa , Auxcilia J. , Thiruvengadam V. , Karthikeyan G.
Published: March 2023

Background: Mutagenesis is the process through which an organism’s genetic makeup is irreversibly altered. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) dosage to create desirable genetic variations in the papaya variety CO 7. Methods: The pre-soaked papaya seeds were exposed to five different concentrations of EMS (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0%) for three hours. Non-treated seeds were used as a control. Data was recorded for germination per cent, seedling survival per cent, seedling length, girth, number of leaves, leaf length and width, petiole length and girth. Result: A declining trend in germination and growth of seedlings with the increase in EMS doses was observed. The probit curve analysis based on the seed germination percentage revealed that the LD50 value was found to be 0.55% EMS which was fixed as an optimal dose for large-scale mutagenesis experiments in papaya variety CO 7. The R2 value ranged from 0.73 to 0.99 and the growth reduction percentage (GR50) varied from 0.69 to 1.16 for different seedling traits studied. Since the optimization of mutagen dose would be expected to create desirable mutations with nominal biological damage, this study might assist further mutagenesis experiments in papaya.
Genetic Variability in Lithuanian Black and White Cattle with Different Proportions of Holstein Bloodline
Authors: Paulauskas A. , Griciuvienė L. , Lapickis R. , Lipatova I. , Aleksandravičienė A. , Ražanskė I. , Jurgelevičius V.
Published: March 2023

Background: Maintaining genetic variability in livestock is the important step towards developing appropriate management strategies. When considering crossing native Lithuanian Black and White cattle (BW) with Holsteins (HL), comprehensive knowledge of breed characteristics, including genetic diversity, is required. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variability between Lithuanian Black and White and Holstein cattle breeds in relation to groups with different proportions of the Holstein bloodline. Methods: A total of 126 cattle samples were studied at 13 microsatellite loci to estimate genetic variability. Result: The largest number of alleles was detected in the BW cattle group with at least 50% Holstein blood. Private alleles were found in all cattle groups except the BW cattle group with a 83-90% Holstein bloodline. Principal coordinate analyses (PCoA) showed the separation of the HL group and other BW groups, as well as the individual that was pure-blooded Lithuanian Black and White. The results revealed further actions breeders should take to retain the required genotype of the native Lithuanian Black and White cattle breed.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Ginger and Garlic Mixture on Performance of Ardi Goats under Stressful Conditions
Authors: Al-Suwaiegh Shaker. B.
Published: March 2023

Background: Among the different range animals, goats can adapt and survive greatly under harsh environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using a mixture of garlic and ginger as supplementation to improve the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Ardi goats. Methods: A total of twenty Ardi goats (40.35±1.8 kg) were assigned randomly into four experimental groups. The first group received a basal diet (control), the second to fourth groups were dietary supplemented with a mixture of garlic and ginger at the different levels of 20, 40, and 60 g/animal/day, respectively for 12 weeks. Result: There were no significant differences in the final body weight and feed conversion ratio of goats fed different levels of dietary supplemented of ginger and garlic mixture. The TDMI and daily DMI significantly reduced in groups fed diets supplemented with 20 and 40 g/animal/day than the control group. The digestion coefficients of CP, fiber fraction digestibility, and TDN values decreased in different groups. In conclusion, the addition of ginger and garlic mixture at the studied levels did not significantly affect animal performance and had negative impacts on feed utilization and nutrient digestibility.
Integrated Management of Stem Rot of Groundnut Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. sacc
Authors: Babu G. Narendra , Deepika D. Sandhya
Published: March 2023

Background: Groundnut is the principal vegetable oil crop in India and about 85 per cent groundnut area under remains rain fed. Stem rot of groundnut is more prevalent in the area and is capable of causing considerable loss in the yield when left unmanaged. Methods: In order to find out an effective method of managing the disease, an integrated approach was adopted by combining the use of bio agents, organic amendments and fungicides alone and in combinations. Result: Seed treatment with tebuconazole @ 1 g kg-1 and with commercial formulation of Trichoderma harzianum @ 5g kg-1 seed along with soil application of neem cake @ 1.3 t ha-1 maintained its superiority over other treatments by recording the least PDI, maximum germination percentage (98.20%), root length (14.62 cm), shoot length (35.54 cm), number of pods per plant (32.57) and pod yield (3920.0 kg ha-1) which may be synergistic effect of organic amendment with bioagent. However, all the sole treatments also managed the disease to some extent but greater control was recorded in combination treatments than alone.
Effect of stocking density on growth performance of African catfish Clarias gariepinus and water spinach Ipomoea aquatica in aquaponics systems with the addition of AB mix nutrient
Authors: Wiyoto Wiyoto , Siskandar Ridwan , Dewi Ratih Kemala , Lesmanawati Wida , Mulya Muhammad Arif , Ekasari Julie
Published: March 2023

Aquaponics is the cultivation of fish and plants in a series of systems, either in one container or in separate containers, by paying attention to the balance between fish, plants, and aquatic microorganisms. One of the obstacles in aquaponic activities is that vegetable growth is not optimal due to a lack of dissolved nutrients, so further research is needed to make better plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate catfish and water spinach growth performance in an aquaponic system by adding AB mix nutrients at different fish stocking densities. This study used a completely randomized design with three differences in stocking densities of catfish (150 fish/m3, 200 fish/m3, and 250 fish/m3) as test animals with four replications where AB mix was added to each treatment. The growth performance of catfish is better in control with a stocking density of 250 fish/m3 and without adding nutrients. The growth performance of catfish decreased with the addition of AB mix nutrients, while the growth of water spinach was better. The growth rate of catfish without adding AB mix nutrients was higher than in other treatments. In contrast, all treatments with the addition of AB mix increased the growth performance of water spinach, with the stocking density of catfish not affecting the growth of water spinach plants.
Keywords: aquaponics, water spinach, catfish, growth
 
ABSTRAK
Akuaponik merupakan budidaya ikan dan tanaman dalam satu rangkaian sistem, baik dalam satu wadah maupun dalam wadah terpisah dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan antara ikan, tanaman dan mikroorganisme perairan. Salah satu kendala sistem akuaponik adalah pertumbuhan sayuran yang tidak optimal karena kurangnya nutrisi terlarut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan lele dan kangkung dalam sistem akuaponik dengan penambahan nutrisi AB mix dan pada padat tebar ikan yang berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perbedaan padat tebar ikan lele (150 ekor/m3, 200 ekor/m3, dan 250 ekor/m3) sebagai hewan uji sebanyak empat ulangan di mana nutrien AB mix ditambahkan disetiap perlakuan. Kinerja pertumbuhan ikan lele lebih baik pada perlakuan kontrol dengan padat tebar 250 ekor/m3 dan tanpa penambahan nutrisi AB mix. Performa pertumbuhan ikan lele menurun dengan adanya penambahan nutrisi AB mix, sedangkan pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung lebih baik. Laju pertumbuhan ikan lele dengan tanpa penambahan nutrisi AB mix lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, sedangkan semua perlakuan dengan penambahan AB mix meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung dengan jumlah padat tebar ikan lele tidak berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan tanaman kangkung.
Kata kunci: akuaponik, kangkung, lele, pertumbuhan
Ciriani. 11 años del Taller de Diseño Avanzado
Authors: Ciriani Enrique
Published: March 2023

La presente obra es una recopilación de los proyectos que se elaboraron durante once años de enseñanza en el Taller de Diseño Avanzado (TDA) del arquitecto y maestro Enrique Ciriani en la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas UPC). Contiene un recorrido visual y gráfico a través de cada proyecto con textos, croquis, bocetos, plantas, cortes, perspectivas, maquetas y modelados 3D. En suma, una experiencia didáctica que muestra el proceso proyectual utilizando las herramientas del dibujo como el medio principal en la elaboración del proyecto de arquitectura. Este libro nos ofrece una plataforma de ideas arquitectónicas que fueron creciendo al amparo de una gran trayectoria con más de treinta años en la docencia del arquitecto Ciriani y que fueron vertidas en cada uno de los proyectos elaborados.
Introducción a la traductología. Teorías y aplicaciones
Authors: Munday Jeremy
Published: March 2023

La presente edición, traducción al español de la cuarta edición en inglés, revisada y actualizada, incluye material nuevo acerca de la traducción en la era digital; las ciudades multilingües; la traducción especializada, audiovisual y automática; y otros temas actuales. Además, cuenta con un sitio web complementario que acompaña cada capítulo con ejercicios en línea. Un libro práctico e imprescindible para los estudiantes y profesionales de la traducción.
Analysis of Health Literacy Index Difference Amongst Generation in Jagapura Primary Healthcare Work Area
Authors: Fatharani Maitsa' , Hilmy Nafiys
Published: March 2023

Health literacy is one of the factors which has a big contribution to a person's health status. The rapidity of technology growth eases access to health information, this situation has to be balanced with good health literacy index. Several factors as generation, occupation, and education influence health literacy index.  Many measuring tools have been developed to assess the health literacy index. Researcher uses the latest health literacy survey questionnaire in Indonesia, namely HLS-EU-SQ10-IDN which contains 10 questions. This type of research is analytic observational. The research was conducted in the work area of ​​the Jagapura Primary Health Care, Gegesik District, Cirebon Regency, West Java. A total of 146 people that spread over five village is taken as samples with purposive sampling method. The results of Chi Square analysis is the association between generation and health literacy index showed insignificant results with p = 0.705. For the correlation with work, the results are also insignificant with p = 0.296. Meanwhile, education level is associated significantly with p = 0.018. The data obtained indicate that there is no significant correlation between generational differences and the health literacy index. Older generation with higher educational background tends to have better health literacy index. On the other hand, the researcher concludes that government need a strategy to increase the quantity and quality of education in Indonesia as an endeavour to increase  health literacy index in our society.

Keywords: health literacy index, generation, education, occupation
Pericardial Effusion as A Clue to The Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ramadhanty Zhafirah , Rahadiyan Teuku
Published: March 2023

Pericardial effusion (PE) is accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac. There are broad etiologies of PE, such as inflammation, infection, and malignancy. The etiology must be discovered because the treatment will be focused based on the cause. We present a 40-year-old female who came to the cardiology clinic with exertional dyspnea as the only symptom. The patient had a history of unspecific joint pain two months prior. Physical examination, chest x-ray, and electrocardiography revealed no specific findings. However, on echocardiography, we found moderate circumferential pericardial effusion. The patient then admitted for further evaluation. Blood counts, peripheral blood smear, urinalysis, and immunoserology examination such as ANA and anti-dsDNA was ordered and the result led to the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). High dose steroid injection was given for five days and the symptoms disappeared. Follow-up echocardiography after a week of hospital admission revealed significant reduction of pericardial fluid.
Water PH Correlates With The Number of Mosquito Larvae in Nature Tourism Park
Authors: Putri Mentari Permana , Prasasty Gita Dwi , Anwar Chairil , Handayani Dwi , Dalilah Dalilah
Published: March 2023

Mosquitoes go through four development phases: egg, larva, pupa and adult. The growth, survival, and adaptation of mosquito larvae are strongly influenced by the physical and chemical characteristics of the waters. Nature tourism parks have ecological and environmental potential for the development and spread of mosquitoes and vector diseases. This study aims to look at the correlation of the physical and chemical elements of water to the number of mosquito larvae. The study design was cross-sectional analytic observational. In TWA, 57 containers were found with 10 indoor and 47 outdoor locations. The container contains water with a salinity of 0-0.3, pH 4.5-8.3, TDS 3-899 ppm, and a temperature of 26 - 34℃. A total of 423 mosquito larvae consisting of Culex and Aedes species. Ae. albopictus is the dominant larval species found. Based on the Spearman test, there was no significant correlation between temperature, total dissolved solids and salinity with the number of mosquito larvae (p>0.05), while PH was positively correlated with the number of mosquito larvae (p = 0.019).

Keywords: Chemical, Physical, Water, Mosquito larva
Effect of Delignification Process on Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin Content on Liquid Glucose Production from a Mixture of Corn Cobs (Zea mays) and Sugar Cane Bagasse (Saccharum officinarum)
Authors: Hasani Muhammad Aqil , Siswanto Anggun Puspitarini
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. Dependence on the use of fossil energy is continuously increasing every year. This is very risky, considering the dwindling availability of fossils in nature. It is necessary to use alternative energy as a substitute for fossil energy, such as bioethanol, one of the biofuels sourced from living things, especially plants. Bioethanol is based on the fermentation of glucose with bacteria that produce ethanol. Some essential ingredients for making bioethanol require a hydrolysis process to produce glucose so it can be fermented into bioethanol. This research focuses on the hydrolysis process to produce liquid glucose from a mixture of corn cobs and bagasse with several different treatments to determine glucose levels, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin levels. On the cellulose content itself, in the delignification process, the cellulose content obtained was 64.8% which was 11.1% higher than not through the delignification process, which was only 53.7%. The level of lignin is the same, the delignification process reduces the lignin content by 10% by not going through the delignification process by 21.3% compared to those undergoing the delignification process by only 10.3%. Hemicellulose is the same, with a 2% difference.

 

Keywords: Corn Cob, Glucose, Hydrolysis, Sugarcane Bagasse
Effect of Potassium Peroxodisulphate and Microwave Power on Hydrogel Character Based on Banana Peel Waste Using Microwave Grafting Method
Authors: Distantina Sperisa , Anggreini Ghea Safiraventa , Al Kamal Fahrul An'nas , Kaavessina Mujtahid , Fadilah Fadilah
Published: March 2023

Musa paradisiaca var. raja peel waste contains cellulose which has the potential to be a raw material for synthesizing hydrogels. This research utilizes acrylamide monomer grafted onto banana peel cellulose backbone using the microwave grafting method to produce hydrogel. The banana peel waste was dried to a constant weight and then crushed into powder. Banana peel powder was through a delignification process with the addition of NaOH and bleached with NaClO to took only the cellulose of the banana peel. The mixture of banana peel cellulose-acrylamide-potassium peroxodisulfate powder through the grafting process was repeated with variations in KPS concentration and microwave power. The reaction was terminated with a hydroquinone solution, washed with acetone, and then precipitated. The precipitated solid was dried to a powder called cellulose-g-PAAM. A homogeneous solution of 2% carrageenan-cellulose-g-PAAM underwent a physical crosslinking process using KCl and CaCl2 solutions after passing through palm oil to form a bead gel. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of potassium peroxodisulfate (KPS) initiator concentration and microwave power on the swelling capacity in water. The properties of obtained dried bead gels were characterized their functional groups using FTIR and swelling capacity test in water. From this research, it can be concluded that banana peel cellulose was successfully grafted onto acrylamide monomer as evidenced by the FTIR test results. The lower KPS concentration is the greater on the swelling capacity and the microwave power has no effect on the swelling capacity of bead gels.

Keywords: Banana peel, Bead gel, Microwave, Swelling degree 
Wildfire Threat to Inpatient Health Care Facilities in California, 2022
Authors: Bedi Neil Singh , Dresser Caleb , Yadav Akash , Schroeder Andrew , Balsari Satchit
Published: March 2023

Objectives. To assess wildfire risks to California inpatient health care facilities in 2022.

Methods. Locations of inpatient facilities and associated inpatient bed capacities were mapped in relation to California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection fire threat zones (FTZs), which combine expected fire frequency with potential fire behavior. We computed the distances of each facility to the nearest high, very high, and extreme FTZs.

Results. Half (107 290 beds) of California’s total inpatient capacity is within 0.87 miles of a high FTZ and 95% (203 665 beds) is within 3.7 miles of a high FTZ. Half of the total inpatient capacity is within 3.3 miles of a very high FTZ and 15.5 miles of an extreme FTZ.

Conclusions. Wildfires threaten a large number of inpatient health care facilities in California. In many counties, all health care facilities may be at risk.

Public Health Implications. Wildfires in California are rapid-onset disasters with short preimpact phases. Policies should address facility-level preparedness including smoke mitigation, sheltering measures, evacuation procedures, and resource allocation. Regional evacuation needs, including access to emergency medical services and patient transportation, must also be considered. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(5):555–558. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307236 )
Bilateral Nonunion of Femoral Neck Fractures Because of Nutritional Osteomalacia
Authors: Maramreddy Leela Venkata Sai Krishna , Mittal Ravi , Anand Anmol , Vatsya Pulak
Published: March 2023

Case:

We report 2 cases of atraumatic, bilateral femoral neck fracture nonunions. Both the patients were relatively young and had underlying nutritional osteomalacia. In both cases, valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy was performed along with vitamin D and calcium supplementation. The patients were followed up for an average of 3 years and achieved bone union without any complications.

Conclusion:

Bilateral femoral neck fractures are rare, and bilateral nonunion of femoral neck fractures secondary to osteomalacia is even rarer. Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy can salvage the hip. Correction of underlying osteomalacia by vitamin D and calcium supplementation preceeded surgical intervention in our cases.
Drill Bone with Both Hands: Plunge Depth and Accuracy with 4 Bracing Positions
Authors: Patterson Joseph T. , Becerra Jacob A. , Duong Andrew , Reddy Akhil , Oakes Daniel A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Bone drilling is a critical skill honed during orthopaedic surgical education. How a bone drill is held and operated (bracing position) may influence drilling performance.

Methods:

A prospective study with randomized crossover was conducted to assess the effect of 4 bracing positions on orthopaedic surgical trainee performance in a simulated bone drilling task. Linear mixed effects models considering participant training level, preferred bracing position, height, weight, and drill hole number were used to estimate pairwise and overall comparisons of the effect of each bracing position on 2 primary outcomes of drilling depth and accuracy.

Results:

A total of 42 trainees were screened and 19 were randomized and completed the study. Drill plunge depth with a 1-handed drilling position was significantly greater by pairwise comparison to any of the 3 double handed positions tested: a soft tissue protection sleeve in the other hand (0.41 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80-0.03, p = 0.031), a 2-handed position with the contralateral small finger on bone and the thumb on the drill (0.42 mm, 95% CI 0.06-0.79, p = 0.018), and a 2-handed position with the contralateral elbow braced against the table (0.40 mm, 95% CI 0.02-0.78, p = 0.038). No position afforded a significant accuracy advantage (p = 0.227). Interactions of participant height with plunge depth and accuracy as well between drill hole number and plunge depth were observed.

Conclusion:

Orthopaedic surgical educators should discourage trainees from operating a bone drill using only 1 hand to reduce the risk of iatrogenic injury due to drill plunging.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II.
An integrated seawater intrusion assessment in the Moroccan Ghiss-Nekor coastal aquifer using hydrogeochemical and geospatial techniques
Authors: BOURJILA Abdelhak , DIMANE Fouad , GHALIT Mohammad , TAHER Morad , KAMARI Salim , ACHOUKHI Iliass , HAMMOUDANI Yahya EL , SAADI Omar , HABOUBI Khadija
Published: March 2023

Effective management of coastal aquifers requires a thorough understanding of seawater intrusion (SWI). The Ghiss-Nekor aquifer is one such area where the extent of SWI is unclear. This study aimed to map the extent of SWI using the hydrogeochemical approach combined to geospatial techniques. Accordingly, we coupled various geochemical indicators, including four ionic ratios (Cl/HCO3, SO4/Cl, Na/Cl, and Mg/Mg+Ca) and two SWI indices (GQIswi and SMI), with geospatial methods to generate a map highlighting the regions most prone to SWI. As a result, approximately 20% of the study area was impacted by SWI, with 70% of SWI spots found within 2 km of the shoreline. A saline water detected up to 5 km from the coast was interpreted, through the use of the aquifer's stratigraphic model, as being caused by the intrusion of seawater from the Souani area that is trapped in a deep clay-marly substratum. These promising findings highlight the effectiveness of the applied hydrogeochemical approach and offer crucial information regarding the extent of SWI. This information will aid decision-makers in the Al Hoceima region in creating efficient groundwater management plans to tackle the effects of climate change, especially the shortage of water resources caused by declining levels of precipitation.
Lipidomic Landscape of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Adolescents Exposed to Ethanol Intoxication: A Sex Difference Study
Authors: Perpiñá-Clérigues Carla , Mellado Susana , Català-Senent José F. , Ibáñez Francesc , Costa Pilar , Marcos Miguel , Guerri Consuelo , García-García Francisco , Pascual Maria
Published: March 2023

Background:Lipids represent essential components of extracellular vesicles (EVs), playing structural and regulatory functions during EV biogenesis, release, targeting, and cell uptake. Importantly, lipidic dysregulation has been linked to several disorders, including metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and neurological dysfunction. Our recent results demonstrated the involvement of plasma EV microRNAs as possible amplifiers and biomarkers of neuroinflammation and brain damage induced by ethanol intoxication during adolescence. Considering the possible role of plasma EV lipids as regulatory molecules and biomarkers, we evaluated how acute ethanol intoxication differentially affected the lipid composition of plasma EVs in male and female adolescents and explored the participation of the immune response.
Methods:Plasma EVs were extracted from humans and wild-type (WT) and Toll-like receptor 4 deficient (TLR4-KO) mice. Preprocessing and exploratory analyses were conducted after the extraction of EV lipids and data acquisition by mass spectrometry. Comparisons between ethanol-intoxicated and control human female and male individuals and ethanol-treated and untreated WT and TLR4-KO female and male mice were used to analyze the differential abundance of lipids. Annotation of lipids into their corresponding classes and a lipid set enrichment analysis were carried out to evaluate biological functions.
Results: We demonstrated, for the first time, that acute ethanol intoxication induced a higher enrichment of distinct plasma EV lipid species in human female adolescents than in males. We observed a higher content of the PA, LPC, unsaturated FA, and FAHFA lipid classes in females, whereas males showed enrichment in PI. These lipid classes participate in the formation, release, and uptake of EVs and the activation of the immune response. Moreover, we observed changes in EV lipid composition between ethanol-treated WT and TLR4-KO mice (e.g., enrichment of Glycerphosphoinositols in ethanol-treated WT males), and the sex-based differences in lipid abundance are more notable in WT mice than in TLR4-KO mice. All data and results generated have been made openly available on a web-based platform (http://bioinfo.cipf.es/sal).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that binge ethanol drinking in human female adolescents leads to a higher content of plasma EV lipid species associated with EV biogenesis and the propagation of neuroinflammatory responses than in males. In addition, we discovered greater differences in lipid abundance between sexes in WT mice compared to TLR4-KO mice. Our findings also support the potential use of EV-enriched lipids as biomarkers of ethanol-induced neuroinflammation during adolescence.
WITHDRAWN: Inter-rater Reliability of Risk of Bias Tools for Non-Randomized Studies
Authors: Kalaycioglu Isabel , Rioux Bastien , Briard Joel Neves , Nehme Ahmad , Touma Lahoud , Dansereau Benedicte , Veilleux Ariane , Keezer Mark
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE
There is currently no recommended risk of bias (ROB) tools to assess the internal validity of systematic reviews involving exposure or frequency studies. We aimed to first identify and secondly compare the inter-rater reliability (IRR) of six commonly used tools for frequency (Loney scale, Gyorkos checklist, American Academy of Neurology [AAN] tool) and exposure (Newcastle-Ottawa scale, SIGN50 checklist, AAN tool) studies in neurology.
METHODS
Six raters independently assessed the ROB of 30 frequency and 30 exposure studies using the 3 respective ROB tools. Articles were rated on a 3-level summary measure of ROB (low, intermediate, or high). We calculated an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for each tool and category of ROB tool. We compared the IRR between ROB tools and tool type by inspection of overlapping ICC 95% CIs and by comparing their coefficients after transformation to Fisher Z values. We assessed criterion validity of the AAN ROB tools by calculating an ICC for each rater in comparison with the original ratings from the AAN.
RESULTS
All individual ROB tools had at least a substantial IRR (ICC point estimate = 0.61–0.80). The IRR was almost perfect (ICC point estimate > 0.80) for the AAN frequency tool and the SIGN50 checklist. All tools were comparable in IRR, except for the AAN frequency tool which had a significantly higher ICC than the Gyorkos checklist (p = 0.021) and trended towards a higher ICC when compared to the Loney scale (p = 0.085). When examined by category of ROB tool, scales and checklists had a substantial IRR, whereas the AAN tools had an almost perfect IRR. For the AAN ROB tools, the average agreement between our raters and the original AAN ratings was moderate.
CONCLUSION
All tools had substantial IRR except for the AAN frequency tool and the SIGN50 checklist, which both had an almost perfect IRR. The AAN ROB tools were the only category of ROB tool to demonstrate an almost perfect IRR. This category of ROB tool had fewer and more simple criteria. Overall, parsimonious tools with clear instructions, such as those from the AAN, may provide more reliable ROB assessments.
Lomitapide: A Medication Use Evaluation & a Formulary Perspective
Authors: Esba Laila Carolina Abu , Alharbi Hani
Published: March 2023

Background and aims: Lomitapide is approved for lowering LDL-C in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, a rare genetic disorder. The evidence on its safety and efficacy from a small clinical trial requires further validation on effectiveness and safety in real-world. The aim of this study was to utilize institutional data on effectiveness and safety of lomitapide; to assist in formulating a perspective on adding it to the formulary.
Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients that were actively being prescribed lomitapide at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from 2019 to 2022. Data collection included: demographics, confirmed gene mutation results, duration of lomitapide therapy, baseline, on treatment, and last LDL-C, percent reduction in LDL-C after 1-3 months of therapy (whichever was first available), other LDL-C lowering therapies used, liver function tests, adverse effects and compliance.
Results: Eight adult patients were included in the review, the mean age was 25.5 years old, ~75% were female, and the duration of treatment with lomitapide ranged from 9 months to 3 years. None of the patients were on continuous LDL-apheresis. The mean baseline LDL-C at presentation to our facility was 17.2 mmol/L (range 11.78- 21.97 mmol/L), the mean percent drop in LDL-C with lomitapide was 34.1% (range 0- 87%), gastrointestinal disturbances were documented in 50% of the patients, and no cases of severe liver toxicities or increase in liver enzymes were seen.
Conclusions: In our cohort of adult patients, lomitapide showed an overall modest reduction in LDL-C, with no cases of increase in liver enzymes and documented intolerance indicating that most patients were likely non-compliant. This review revealed important considerations when reimbursing expensive medications for rare diseases. Real-world evidence in real-time can support health care systems in price negotiations and reaching mutual agreements that eventually can improve patient access to care.
Effect of Balint Group on Burnout and Self-efficacy of Nurse Leaders in China: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Shan Qu , Leonhart Rainer , Zhijuan Xie , Minjie Zheng , Xinxin Shi , Bai Xinzhu , Xiangyan Kong , Fritzsche Kurt
Published: March 2023

Background: Burnout is common among nurses and is related to negative outcomes of medical care. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Balint group activities in burnout reduction among nurse leaders in a Chinese hospital.
Methods: This was a randomised controlled trial with a pre- and post-test. A total of 80 nurse leaders were randomly assigned to either a Balint group (n=40) or a non-Balint group (n=40). Participants in the Balint group completed Balint training for a period of three months. Participants in both groups completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) at the beginning and end of the study. Balint group members also completed the Group Climate Questionnaire-Short Form.
Results: In the Balint group, 33 participants attended all sessions of the Balint intervention, and in the non-Balint group, all 40 participants completed the study. Analysis of variance with repeated measures demonstrated a statistically significant difference on the MBI subscale of personal accomplishment (F=9.598, p=0.003) between the Balint and non-Balint groups. However, there were no significant differences between the groups on the MBI subscales of emotional exhaustion (F=0.110, p=0.740) and depersonalization (F=0.75, p=0.387), and the GSES (F=0.709, p=0.403).
Conclusions: Balint group helped reduce burnout among nurse leaders, especially to personal accomplishment.
Ionic Liquid and Glucosamine Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Stabilization of Nano sized Palladium and Study of its Catalytic Activity
Authors: Zareh Fatemeh , Gholinejad Mohammad , Sheibani Hassan , Sansano José Miguel
Published: March 2023

A magnetic nanocomposite comprising imidazolium ionic liquid and glucosamine is successfully synthesized and used for stabilization of Pd nanoparticles. This new material, Fe3O4@SiO2@IL/GA-Pd, is characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transition electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental maps, energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX) and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM). Prepared nanocomposite is applied as a catalyst in reduction of nitroaromatic compounds to desired amines at room temperature as well as in reductive degradation of organic dyes such as methylene Blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB). Results show that the catalyst has excellent catalytic activity in the already mentioned reactions and easily recycled and reused for 11 consecutive cycle without its changing catalytic activity. TEM, XRD and VSM are confirmed the stability of the reused catalyst.