bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Зеер  , Zeer E.
Published: November 2013

It is considered how the current educational technologies stimulate the

professional development of personality. As the examples educational

technologies, especially conducive to professional development of personality,

the author mentions developing psychodiagnostics, trainings,

project-based learning and business games and provides rationale for

how to design each of these technologies.
INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL AS A FACTOR TO IMPROVE SOCIAL SYSTEM SECURITY
Authors: Василенко  , Vasilenko V.
Published: November 2013

Interconnection between intellectual potential and improvements in the public security are concerned. Security issues are considered as integral features of any social system at the mega-, macro- and micro- levels, e.g., that of state, of business corporation and of public organization. The author argues that the home country security depends on how eff ectively each element’s intellectual potential is used at diff erent levels of social system hierarchy; whether and to which extent this potential is intended at the development of the society as a whole.
SERIES OF LECTURES ON «MOTIVATION AND STIMULATION OF LABOR ACTIVITY» (PART 8TH)
Authors: Митрофанова  , Mitrofanova Elena , Ловчева  , Lovcheva Marina
Published: November 2013

This paper is the 8th in the sequence of lectures on Motivation and Stimulation

within the Bachelor’s Degree Program. Mechanisms of labor motivation

formation and functioning are described; research techniques designed

especially for research and analysis of labor motivation mechanisms are

highlighted.
Document management in SMC Enterprise
Authors: Баурина  , Baurina Svetlana
Published: November 2013

The features of quality management systems’ documenting are considered in this paper. The brief characteristic of requirements to statement and registration of enterprise’s QMS documentation is given. Specific of SMK documentation management is defined and the main problems which can be caused by documentation mismanagement are designated.
On modern tendencies in the linguodidactics and in the didactics of translation
Authors: Миронова  , Mironova Nadezhda
Published: November 2013

The article deals with the review of the reports, devoted to the problems of linguodidactics, the didactics of translation, cognitive translation studies, computer lexicography and hermeneutics of translation. Innovative approaches towards the practice of translation are connected with the use of computer programs (Trados, Multiterm, Idiom, Сatalyst, SDLX). Different types of competences, such as linguistic, poetic, cultural, semiotic and some others are in the focus of attention.
Dialogism as a category which reflects communicative interaction between the author of emotive prose and the reader
Authors: Федотова  , Fedotova Oksana
Published: November 2013

The article shows the importance of study of text categories. In this respect cognitive science plays a great role as it investigates the processes of acquisition, conceptualization and the use of information. The category of dialogism can be viewed as a fundamental feature of emotive prose. Indeed, the author of a story tries to speak his / her idea to the readers, who in their turn are supposed to decode it. As a result we deal with the process of communication between the reader and the writer which brings out new meanings to the discourse.
Non-verbal communication in Germany
Authors: Дубинский  , Dubinskiy Vladimir
Published: November 2013

The article addresses non-verbal communication presenting the national peculiarities of body language in Germany in close correlation with the stereotypical image of the German nation and the language picture of the world. The author gives a typology of German non-verbal communication on the basis of interpersonal interaction. The article illustrates gender differences in non-verbal communication of Germans giving particular attention to its national and international aspects. The author demonstrates the process of acculturation through non-verbal communication of foreigners living in Germany and of Germans living in Russia.
WEB-diplomacy in the era of blogosphere: socio-linguistic approach to discourse
Authors: Селезнева  , Selezneva Tatyana
Published: November 2013

The article deals with the problem of the discourse of French diplomatic officials’ Internet blogs as a new type of diplomatic institutional discourse. Because of the fact that the language of diplomacy becomes more public, diplomats explore new modes of communication, in particular social networking websites and blogs.
Long-term mechanical ventilation in a pregnant woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a successful outcome
Authors: Miranda Jezid , Palacio Betty , Rojas-Suarez Jose Antonio , Bourjeily Ghada
Published: November 2013

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degenerative motor neuron disease that is rarely encountered in the obstetric population. This report describes the successful use of long-term mechanical ventilation in a pregnant woman with ALS.

Case presentation: A 37-year-old G3P2 woman with ALS was admitted to the emergency room with shortness of breath, tachypnea, and evidence of hypoxic and hypercapnic respiratory failure at 24 weeks of gestation, precipitated by bacterial pneumonia. Antibiotic therapy, intubation, and mechanical ventilatory support were initiated, followed by an early tracheostomy as soon as the need for prolonged airway access was identified. The mother remained with prolonged mechanical ventilation until spontaneous preterm birth occurred at 32 weeks of gestation, with the vaginal delivery of a healthy infant. The mother was discharged from the intensive care unit during puerperium to continue mechanical ventilation support in a home care facility.

Conclusion: Long-term mechanical ventilation can be successfully performed during pregnancy. Goals of oxygenation and ventilation need to be modified and customized based on the underlying condition and the status of the mother.
Conjugacy classes of finite groups and graph regularity
Authors: Bianchi Mariagrazia , Camina Rachel D. , Herzog Marcel , Pacifici Emanuele
Published: November 2013

Given a finite group G, denote by

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

the simple
undirected graph whose vertices are the distinct sizes of noncentral
conjugacy classes of G, and set two vertices of

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

to be
adjacent if and only if they are not coprime numbers. In this note
we prove that, if

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

is a k-regular graph with k ≥ 1, then

Γ
(
G
)

$\Gamma (G)$

is a complete graph with

k
+
1

$k+1$

vertices.
The Slag Influence on High Temperature Resistance of Aluminophosphate Cementfor Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery
Authors: Li Zaoyuan , Wang Yan , Cheng Xiaowei , Guo Xiaoyang
Published: November 2013

The sharp strength recession of silicate cement in high temperature is the crucial reason of casings damage and zonal isolation failure in heavy oil thermal recovery. Although aluminophosphate cement has a better high temperature resistance in comparison with silicate cement, its compressive strength recession in high temperature slightly recessed. The results show that adding slag into aluminophosphate cement can not only develop compressive strength of cement at low temperature, but it can also improve the high temperature resistance of the cement. After adding slag, the formation of C2ASH8 conduces to develop cement strength at low temperature, and C3AS2H2 conduces to high temperature resistance. To increase temperature resistance of aluminophosphate cement, C3ASH4 generation and Al(OH)3 decomposition should be avoided. Crystal structure of cement after high temperature is well developed with compactly and neatly arranged, allowing cement to maintain good mechanical properties to help protect the casing and improve zonal isolation performance.
Statistical aspects of microplasticity: experiments, discrete dislocation simulations and stochastic continuum models
Authors: Zaiser Michael
Published: November 2013

The plastic deformation properties of microscale and nanoscale specimens differ from those of their macroscopic counterparts as the discrete nature of the elementary processes governing plastic flow becomes directly visible. In such specimens, details of the initial defect microstructure may exert a strong influence on the recorded deformation behaviour, which accordingly exhibits significant scatter even amongst specimens that share an identical preparation history. The plasticity of microsamples appears as a sequence of spatially and temporally localised events and not as the smooth and continuous flow process envisaged by classical continuum elastoplasticity. These observations pose a significant challenge to constitutive modelling. In this feature article, we discuss the statistics of fluctuations in microscale and nanoscale plasticity and discuss the implications for computational modelling of plastic deformation processes on microscale and nanoscales. We propose a new type of constitutive models that combine a classical continuum description of the elastic problem with a stochastic description of the dynamics of plastic flow.
Theoretical strength and homogeneous sliding in metallic glass: exactly solvable model
Authors: Lazarev Nikolai , Bakai Alexander
Published: November 2013

At low temperature, T→0, the yield stress of a perfect crystal is equal to its so-called theoretical strength. The yield stress of nonperfect crystals is controlled by the stress threshold of dislocation mobility. A noncrystalline solid has neither an ideal structure nor gliding dislocations. Its yield stress, that is, the stress at which the macroscopic inelastic deformation starts, depends on distribution of local, attributed to each atomic site, critical stresses at which the local inelastic deformation occurs. We describe exactly solvable model of planar layer strength and sliding with an arbitrary homogeneous distribution of local critical stresses. The rate of the thermally activated sliding is closely related to parameters of the low-temperature strength. The sliding activation volume scales with the applied external stress as where β<1. The proposed model accounts for mechanisms and the yield stress of the low-temperature deformation of polycluster metallic glasses, because intercluster boundaries of a polycluster metallic glass are natural sliding layers of the described type.
Vitamin D receptor-mediated control of Soggy, Wise, and Hairless gene expression in keratinocytes
Authors: Hsieh Jui-Cheng , Estess Rudolf C , Kaneko Ichiro , Whitfield G Kerr , Jurutka Peter W , Haussler Mark R
Published: November 2013

The vitamin D receptor (VDR), but not its hormonal ligand, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D), is required for the progression of the mammalian hair cycle. We studied three genes relevant to hair cycle signaling, DKKL1 (Soggy), SOSTDC1 (Wise), and HR (Hairless), to determine whether their expression is regulated by VDR and/or its 1,25D ligand. DKKL1 mRNA was repressed 49–72% by 1,25D in primary human and CCD-1106 KERTr keratinocytes; a functional vitamin D responsive element (VDRE) was identified at −9590 bp in murine Soggy. Similarly, SOSTDC1 mRNA was repressed 41–59% by 1,25D in KERTr and primary human keratinocytes; a functional VDRE was located at −6215 bp in human Wise. In contrast, HR mRNA was upregulated 1.56- to 2.77-fold by 1,25D in primary human and KERTr keratinocytes; a VDRE (TGGTGAgtgAGGACA) consisting of an imperfect direct repeat separated by three nucleotides (DR3) was identified at −7269 bp in the human Hairless gene that mediated dramatic induction, even in the absence of 1,25D ligand. In parallel, a DR4 thyroid hormone responsive element, TGGTGAggccAGGACA, was identified at +1304 bp in the human HR gene that conferred tri-iodothyronine (T3)-independent transcriptional activation. Because the thyroid hormone receptor controls HR expression in the CNS, whereas VDR functions in concert with the HR corepressor specifically in skin, a model is proposed wherein unliganded VDR upregulates the expression of HR, the gene product of which acts as a downstream comodulator to feedback-repress DKKL1 and SOSTDC1, resulting in integration of bone morphogenic protein and Wnt signaling to drive the mammalian hair cycle and/or influencing epidermal function.
Reducing Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke at Home: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Harutyunyan Arusyak , Movsisyan Narine , Petrosyan Varduhi , Petrosyan Diana , Stillman Frances
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:

To develop and test an intervention to reduce children’s exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) at homes in Yerevan, Armenia.

METHODS:

A single-blind, randomized trial in 250 households with 2- to 6-year-old children tested an intensive intervention (counseling sessions, distribution of tailored educational brochures, demonstration of home air pollution, and 2 follow-up counseling telephone calls) against minimal intervention (distribution of standard leaflets). At baseline and 4-month follow-up, researchers conducted biomonitoring (children’s hair) and surveys. The study used paired t tests, McNemar’s test, and linear and logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS:

After adjusting for baseline hair nicotine concentration, child’s age and gender, the follow-up geometric mean (GM) of hair nicotine concentration in the intervention group was 17% lower than in the control group (P = .239). The GM of hair nicotine in the intervention group significantly decreased from 0.30 ng/mg to 0.23 ng/mg (P = .024), unlike in the control group. The follow-up survey revealed an increased proportion of households with smoking restrictions and decreased exposure of children to SHS in both groups. The adjusted odds of children’s less-than-daily exposure to SHS at follow-up was 1.87 times higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P = .077). The GM of mothers’ knowledge scores at follow-up was 10% higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P = .006).

CONCLUSIONS:

Intensive intervention is effective in decreasing children’s exposure to SHS through educating mothers and promoting smoking restrictions at home. However, superiority over minimal intervention to decrease children’s exposure was not statistically significant.
Child Exposure to Parental Violence and Psychological Distress Associated With Delayed Milestones
Authors: Gilbert Amy Lewis , Bauer Nerissa S. , Carroll Aaron E. , Downs Stephen M.
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the association between parental report of intimate partner violence (IPV) and parental psychological distress (PPD) with child attainment of developmental milestones.

METHODS:

By using data collected from a large cohort of primary care patients, this cross-sectional study examined the relationship between parental report of IPV and/or PPD and the attainment of developmental milestones within the first 72 months of a child’s life. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to adjust for parental report of child abuse concern and sociodemographic characteristics.

RESULTS:

Our study population included 16 595 subjects. Children of parents reporting both IPV and PPD (n = 88; 0.5%) were more likely to fail at least 1 milestone across the following developmental domains: language (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–3.3), personal-social (aOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2–2.9), and gross motor (aOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.8–5.0). Significant associations for those reporting IPV-only (n = 331; 2.0%) were found for language (aOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.9), personal-social (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.4–2.2), and fine motor-adaptive (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.0–2.7). Significant associations for those reporting PPD-only (n = 1920; 11.6%) were found for: language (aOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.3–1.7), personal-social (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.5–1.8), gross motor (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.8), and fine-motor adaptive (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.3–2.0).

CONCLUSIONS:

Screening children for IPV and PPD helps identify those at risk for poor developmental outcomes who may benefit from early intervention.
Pediatric Palliative Care Programs in Children’s Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional National Survey
Authors: Feudtner Chris , Womer James , Augustin Rachel , Remke Stacy , Wolfe Joanne , Friebert Sarah , Weissman David
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUND:

Pediatric palliative care (PPC) programs facilitate the provision of comprehensive care to seriously ill children. Over the past 10 years many such programs have been initiated by children’s hospitals, but little is known about their number, staff composition, services offered, sources of support, or national distribution.

METHODS:

In the summer of 2012, we surveyed 226 hospitals as identified by the National Association of Children’s Hospitals and Related Institutions. The survey instrument gathered data about whether their institution had a PPC program, and for hospitals with programs, it asked for a wide range of information including staffing, patient age range, services provided, and financial support.

RESULTS:

Of the 162 hospitals that provided data (71.7% response rate), 69% reported having a PPC program. The rate of new program creation peaked in 2008, with 12 new programs created that year, and 10 new programs in 2011. Most programs offer only inpatient services, and most only during the work week. The number of consults per year varied substantially across programs, and was positively associated with hospital bed size and number of funded staff members. PPC programs report a high level of dependence on hospital funding.

CONCLUSIONS:

PPC programs are becoming common in children’s hospitals throughout the United States yet with marked variation in how these programs are staffed, the level of funding for staff effort to provide PPC, and the number of consultations performed annually. Guidelines for PPC team composition, funding, and consultation standards may be warranted to ensure the highest quality of PPC.
Genetic and Epigenetic Factors in Etiology of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Authors: Stankov Karmen , Benc Damir , Draskovic Dragan
Published: November 2013

Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1D) is a complex disease resulting from the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Recent progress in understanding the genetic basis of T1D has resulted in an increased recognition of childhood diabetes heterogeneity. After the initial success of family-based linkage analyses, which uncovered the strong linkage and association between HLA gene variants and T1D, genome-wide association studies performed with high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping platforms provided evidence for a number of novel loci, although fine mapping and characterization of these new regions remains to be performed. T1D is one of the most heritable common diseases, and among autoimmune diseases it has the largest range of concordance rates in monozygotic twins. This fact, coupled with evidence of various epigenetic modifications of gene expression, provides convincing proof of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. In T1D, epigenetic phenomena, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA dysregulation, have been associated with altered gene expression. Increasing epidemiologic and experimental evidence supports the role of genetic and epigenetic alterations in the etiopathology of diabetes. We discuss recent results related to the role of genetic and epigenetic factors involved in development of T1D.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Garg Shruti , Green Jonathan , Leadbitter Kathy , Emsley Richard , Lehtonen Annukka , Evans D. Gareth , Huson Susan M.
Published: November 2013

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1).

METHODS:

Second-phase population-based epidemiologic study using an allcase NF1 registry in a defined UK 4.1 million population area. A total of 109 (52.7%) of 207 responders from the initial screening phase were grouped by using the parent-rated Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) as significant ASD (SRS≥76; n = 32), moderate ASD (SRS ≥ 60<76; n = 29), or non-ASD (SRS <60, n = 48). Twenty-three cases from the significant ASD group, 16 from moderate ASD, and 8 from non-ASD (total n = 47), invited proportionately by random selection, were seen for detailed confirmatory ascertainment. Assessments on Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale-Generic, and verbal IQ were combined by using standard Collaborative Program for Excellence in Autism criteria into an ASD categorization for each case (ASD, broad ASD with partial features, non-ASD). A preplanned weighted analysis was used to derive prevalence estimates for the whole population.

RESULTS:

Fourteen (29.5%) of 47 showed ASD, 13 (27.7%) broad ASD, and 20 (42.5%) non-ASD. The ASD/broad ASD group showed male predominance (1.7:1.0), but did not differ significantly from the non-ASD group on IQ, age, socioeconomic status, inheritance, physical severity, or education. The population prevalence estimate is 24.9% ASD (95% confidence interval 13.1%–42.1%) and 20.8% broad ASD (95% confidence interval 10.0%–38.1%); a total of 45.7% showing some ASD spectrum phenotype.

CONCLUSIONS:

Findings indicate high prevalence of ASD in NF1, with implications for clinical practice and further research into NF1 as a single-gene model for autism.
Tranexamic Acid Tamponade to Control Postoperative Surgical Hemorrhage
Authors: Flanagan Dennis
Published: November 2013

When preparing for oral surgery, patients taking anticoagulants usually should not discontinue their medication because of the risk of a thromboembolic event. The therapeutic effect of many anticoagulants is not readily measured, so preoperatively, the surgeon cannot know the true risk for postoperative hemorrhage. The risk of a thromboembolic event usually outweighs the concerns of controlling postoperative hemorrhage. Hemophilia patients are also at risk for postoperative bleeding. Single extractions probably do not pose a serious risk for postoperative hemorrhage. However, when a mucogingival flap is raised in these patients, there may be prolonged bleeding. Surgical sponges saturated with aqueous tranexamic acid solution and compressed onto the bleeding site with biting pressure may stop bleeding. Bleeding was stopped in the case example presented here after three 10-minute compressions over 30 minutes in a patient taking aspirin and clopidogrel for a previous thromboembolic event and a metal coronary stent. The clot formed is very fragile and is prone to bleeding, so it should not be disturbed. This technique needs to be studied for efficacy.
Structural Controls on Stress and Microseismic Response - A Horn River Basin Case Study
Authors: Snelling Paige , de Groot Michael , Craig Cecilia , Hwang KyuBum
Published: November 2013

This study demonstrates that geologic structure can significantly alter stresses within the completion zone and change the characteristics of microseismicity. Completions and microseismic data are used to examine the effects of geologic structure on an executed completions program. The microseismic was recorded on a 98-station near-surface array for approximately 200 stages on 7 wells. Two prominent faults are identified using microseismic data. The differences between microseismic event populations from hydraulic fracture stimulation and fault reactivation are assessed in terms of event source mechanisms and event parameters.

We examine changes in calculated bottomhole instantaneous shut-in pressure (ISIP) gradient near faults and the associated change in microseismic behavior. Stress regime, maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) directions and stress magnitudes along faults are examined with a stress inversion approach using source mechanism information.

Results show that hydraulic fractures, particularly in the Muskwa shales, have high b-values and tend to be characterized by dip-slip failures. Events relating to fault reactivation are characterized by strike-slip events and have low b-values. The orientations of SHmax derived from stress inversion for fault populations align with regional SHmax estimates from regional borehole breakout measurements. Stages intersected by prominent faults show significant increases in measured ISIP, which are more pronounced in the Evie completion zone.
Carrying of Technical Devices Industrial Safety Expert Review Without Dismantling out of Process Scheme
Authors: Ruslan Akhmetzyanov
Published: November 2013

During recent years, the issue of assessment of the current status of industrial facilities, subordinated to Rostechnadzor (Federal Environmental, Engineering and Nuclear Supervision Agency), is getting more and more important. It is primarily connected with the aging of equipment and the need for extending service life and ensuring safe operation. In addition, the awareness of the current technical status of equipment can allow for extending run period, which is also cost-effective.
Proposals for Mental Health in Italy at the End of the Nineteenth Century: between Utopia and Anticipating the “Basaglia Law”
Authors: Bongiorno Vincenzo
Published: November 2013

The present work refers to the debate which took place in Italy in the final years of the nineteenth century in relation to mental health and lunatic asylums, from which emerged various innovative proposals for avoiding compulsory confinement in numerous cases. Some of them became part of new legislative regulations regarding asylums, but most were excluded. Today, a new historical interpretation allows us to grasp a connection between Law 180, dated 1978 and known as the “Basaglia Law” from the name of its promoter, and alternative proposals to asylum custody omitted from the 1904 law.
CD30 - the head of TNF-family… or a successful story of brentuximab vedotin
Authors: Popovic Lazar , Jovanovic Darjana , Popovic Ðordje
Published: November 2013

Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma are malignancies that
highly express CD30 antigen on the cell surface. Both are generally curable
by standard chemotherapy but refractory diseases and relapses are treatment
problems. Brentuximab-vedotin is a labeled monoclonal antibody against CD30
and it is approved for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma relapsed after
autologous stem cell transplantation and for relapsed anaplastic large cell
lymphoma. This is the first drug approved for the treatment of Hodgkin
lymphoma after 30 years.
Cutaneous metastasis as the first sign of lung cancer
Authors: Ðuric Milivoje , Makevic-Ðuric Mirjana , Gajic Dobrica , Damjanovic Goran
Published: November 2013

Cutaneous metastases of lung tumors are occurring in 1-12% of cases. High
prevalence of lung cancer increases the likelihood of finding these changes
in clinical practice. They are usually in the form of a firm, mobile and
painless nodule on the head, neck and chest, and their appearance is a sign
of advanced disease. Cutaneous metastases are rarely the first sign of
malignancy. A 62-year-old patient presented to her doctor a fast-growing
nodule on the forehead. Extirpation of the nodule and further diagnosis
showed that it was a metastasis of small cell lung cancer localized in the
right lung with extensive metastases to the contralateral lung, liver and
spine. Cutaneous metastases may be the first sign of malignancy or the first
sign of progression of already diagnosed malignancy. A diagnosis of
metastatic disease should be considered in patients with risk factors or a
known cancer. The presence of a skin metastasis in a patient with a lung
cancer indicates poor prognosis.
Epigenetic DNA changes and stem cells therapy
Authors: Stupar Milanko , Vidovic Vitomir , Baltic Vladimir , Strbac Ljuba , Lukac Dragomir
Published: November 2013

We are starting to understand the fundamental biological processes which
underlie the DNA physical properties. Of particular importance is the field
of epigenetics, which literally means 'outside conventional genetics', now
used to describe the study of stable alterations in gene expression potential
that arise during development and cell proliferation. Epigenetic changes are
modifications of DNA, which occur without any alteration in the DNA sequence.
Modern directions in the field of epigenetic research aimed to decipher the
epigenetic signals that give stem cells their unique ability to self-renew
and differentiate into different types. Stem cell-based regenerative medicine
holds great promise for repair of diseased tissue. If epigenetic process are
reversible, than there is the ability to cure cancer through stem cell
therapy.
Sanatoria in the first half of the XX century in the province of Vojvodina
Authors: Dobanovacki Dusanka , Breberina Milan , Vujosevic Bozica , Pecanac Marija , Zakula Nenad , Trajkovic Velimir
Published: November 2013

Following the shift in therapy of tuberculosis in the mid-19th century, by
the beginning of the 20th century numerous tuberculosis sanatoria were
established in Western Europe. Being an institutional novelty in the medical
practice, sanatoria spread within the first 20 years of the 20th century to
Central and Eastern Europe, including the southern region of the Panonian
plain, the present-day Province of Vojvodina in Serbia north of the rivers
Sava and Danube. The health policy and regulations of the newly built state -
the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians/Yugoslavia, provided a rather
liberal framework for introducing the concept of sanatorium. Soon after the
World War I there were 14 sanatoria in this region, and the period of their
expansion was between 1920 and 1939 when at least 27 sanatoria were founded,
more than half of the total number of 46 sanatoria in the whole state in that
period. However, only two of these were for pulmonary diseases. One of them
was privately owned the open public sanatorium the English-Yugoslav Hospital
for Paediatric Osteo-Articular Tuberculosis in Sremska Kamenica, and the
other was state-run (at Iriski venac, on the Fruska Gora mountain, as a unit
of the Department for Lung Disease of the Main Regional Hospital). All the
others were actually small private specialized hospitals in 6 towns (Novi
Sad, Subotica, Sombor, Vrbas, Vrsac, Pancevo,) providing medical treatment of
well-off, mostly gynaecological and surgical patients. The majority of
sanatoria founded in the period 1920-1939 were in or close to the city of
Novi Sad, the administrative headquarters of the province (the Danube
Banovina at that time) with a growing population. A total of 10 sanatoria
were open in the city of Novi Sad, with cumulative bed capacity varying from
60 to 130. None of these worked in newly built buildings, but in private
houses adapted for medical purpose in accordance with legal requirements. The
decline of sanatoria in Vojvodina began with the very outbreak of the World
War II and they never regained their social role. Soon after the Hungarian
fascist occupation the majority of owners/ founders were terrorized and
forced to close their sanatoria, some of them to leave country and some were
even killed or deported to concentration camps.
Enterprise of fasting and vocation of a physician
Authors: Kajtez Ilija
Published: November 2013

In this paper, the author considers the enterprise of fasting, in which the
man faces the important issues of his existence, the purpose and worldly
life. The author is aware that all social, philosophical and theological
phenomena are very complex, profound and obscure and quotes the French
philosopher and scientist Pascal, who claimed: ?We do not possess enough
knowledge to?understand the life of human body?While in nature everything is
closely intertwined ? No part can be recognized unless we have studied the
unit. The life of each body will be understood only when we learn all that it
needs; and in order to achieve this, it is necessary to study the universe.
But the universe is infinite and it is beyond the human ability to grasp
it??It is clear from this quotation that we are facing many complex issues
whenever we try to reveal one of the secrets of Christian life - the secret
of fasting. The second part of the essay has to do with people and the time
we live in, the relations between believing doctors and their profession and
whether and to what extent a believing doctor who observes fasts is closer to
the Truth and Goodness that the one who does not believe. The author argues
that the doctor who is a believer and who observes a fast seeing it as the
time when values of human life should be put to test and the meaning of
medical profession reconsidered is closer to the truth of Existence and love
of the world. There is no duty that is more important for a modern,
egotistic, materialistic man than resuming fasts. A fast as a profound
rethinking of the whole of a human being, as a human effort, as Solzhenitsyn
would say, to self-restriction, abstinence, nurturing of his own freedom.
Retentiveness of Metal Coping Luted to Teeth of Uremic Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis Using Five Different Luting Cements
Authors: Ghazy MH , Aboumadina MM , Mahmoud SH
Published: November 2013

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the retention of metal copings luted to uremic teeth with five different luting agents.

Methods

A total of 35 sound natural molars was collected from uremic patients and randomly assigned into five groups (n=7). The teeth were prepared for metal copings using diamond tips and water coolant. Metal copings with a loop on the occlusal surface were fabricated using base metal alloy (Rexillium III). The copings were luted using Fuji I, glass ionomer (GI); Fuji Plus, resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI); Panavia F 2.0, resin cement; Rely X Unicem, self-adhesive cement (SA); and Adhesor, zinc phosphate cement (ZPh). All specimens were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, conditioned in artificial saliva for 7 days, and then thermocycled for 5000 cycles (5°C-55°C). The dislodging force was measured using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2 mm/min. The mode of failure of the loaded adhesive copings was evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test.

Results

GI and SA cements had the highest and the lowest mean retentive strength, respectively (580.90±17.3, 406.6±12.7). There was no significant difference between ZPh, SA, and resin cements. These cements were inferior to GI and RMGI cements (p<0.05), which showed statistically similar retentive strengths.

Conclusions

The results of this study support the use of glass ionomer and resin-modified glass ionomer cements for luting of metal copings to uremic teeth with retentive preparations.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions to weakly singular integral-algebraic and integro-differential equations
Authors: Bulatov Mikhail , Lima Pedro , Weinmüller Ewa
Published: November 2013

We consider systems of integral-algebraic and integro-differential equations with weakly singular kernels. Although these problem classes are not in the focus of the main stream literature, they are interesting, not only in their own right, but also because they may arise from the analysis of certain classes of differential-algebraic systems of partial differential equations. In the first part of the paper, we deal with two-dimensional integral-algebraic equations. Next, we analyze Volterra integral equations of the first kind in which the determinant of the kernel matrix k(t, x) vanishes when t = x. Finally, the third part of the work is devoted to the analysis of degenerate integro-differential systems. The aim of the paper is to specify conditions which are sufficient for the existence of a unique continuous solution to the above problems. Theoretical findings are illustrated by a number of examples.
Worker safety in Designated Microscopy Centers (DMC) and Tuberculosis unit (TU) under Revised National Tuberculosis Control programme (RNTCP) in state of Bihar – Contribution & Role of DTST
Authors: Krishnappa Lalitha
Published: November 2013

Damien Foundation India Trust (DFIT), one of the members of International Federation of Anti-Leprosy associations (ILEP) are involved in providing technical and financial support in leprosy and TB control through its projects spread across the country. While support to leprosy control started way back in 1982 through its own project, support to TB control started only in 2003. This study was part of evaluation taken to assess the role of DTST in achieving the planned objectives and to assess the impact of DFIT’s involvement in TB control. To assess the current status of worker safety in DMC/TUs of RNTCP centers in state of Bihar and the role and contribution of DTST in ensuring the same. This cross sectional evaluation study was undertaken in randomly selected 8 DMCs/ TUs in rural areas of two districts of Bihar state in 2007. Evaluation was done using pre-tested observational checklist and personal discussions with key personnel. Evaluation included assessment of role & contribution of DTST with respect to infrastructure & resource availability; Training and capacity building; Practice regarding safe disposal of infected materials & worker safety. Most of the civil works was complete in functional DMC/ TUs visited. Sharp pits for sharp disposal were available in only 50% of DMCs/TUs. Staffing position complete to nearly 80%. DTST role in capacity building training, infrastructure availably and monitoring of the programme has been remarkable. However there is a need to emphasis on importance of the worker safety and universal precautions during training. Effective implementation of clearly laid down National guidelines & policy keeping in lieu of the worker safety is the need of the hour when the programme gets streamlined in the general health system.
Stress and psychological well being status among health care professionals
Authors: Halder Susmita , Mahato Akash Kumar
Published: November 2013

Stress is a condition or feeling experienced when a person perceives that “demands exceed the personal and social resources the individual is able to mobilize” (Lazarus)1. It could be debatable whether stress is inevitable, but most professionals report stress at work place and in general. A common perception prevails regarding high stress level amongst professionals in particular industries like the information technology, professionals with fieldwork (medical representatives, insurance agents) that is also backed by study findings. However, stress among health care professionals is less explored. The present study aims to explore and assess psychological well being and stress levels among health care professionals. 50 health professionals, including doctors, paramedical and nursing staffs from different multi-specialty hospitals in Kolkata were assessed on the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 12) and the Professional Life Stress scale, and Medico Psychological Questionnaire. Majority of the subjects had evidence of psychological distress. Stress level was present in varying degree among all professionals, while nurses and technicians had stress level at severe level. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v3i1.9099 International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol 3 No 1 (2013) 32-35
Contested Parental Authority in Jules Vallès's L'Enfant
Authors: Schocket Deborah Houk
Published: November 2013

This article examines Jules Vallès's portrayal of an abusive parent-child relationship in his 1879 novel L'Enfant, showing how the author's narrative techniques, in particular his use of an unstable first-person narrative voice, undermine the notion of parental authority. Situating this novel in its historical context, I show that although it was published a decade before France's first law protecting children from physical abuse, authors of childrearing guides from as early as the 1820s were already advocating moral as opposed to corporal punishments for children. Not only does Vallès cast his critical eye on parent-child dynamics but also he widens the novel's scope by creating an analogy between the authority of parents in the home and that exercised by the State in schools. Moreover, through the young protagonist's rejection of his parents’ professional aspirations for him, Vallès's provocative novel challenges the classic nineteenth-century narrative of progress through upward social mobility.
École, corps, jeu: avatars de la partition dans Entre les murs de François Bégaudeau
Authors: Noirot Corinne
Published: November 2013

Entre les murs de François Bégaudeau (2006) s'attache au travail quotidien d'un jeune professeur de français dans un collège parisien de ceux dits « sensibles ». Loin d'engendrer la claustrophobie, la restriction de champ choisie nourrit une écriture modulant l'idée de partition dans tous les sens: séparation, division, tracé, partage, et composition musicale. Un fin montage de vues, faits et voix met en scène les divisions entre espaces, corps et discours pour mieux composer un microcosme du corps social. Le roman suggère une voie menant de la séparation au partage, passant par la notion de jeu collectif. Comme l’école, le livre interroge les conditions d'un dialogue en démocratie.
The Protective Role of Vitamin D Signaling in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Bikle Daniel , Jiang Yan
Published: November 2013

Although the epidemiologic evidence that adequate vitamin D nutrition protects against non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is limited, recent evidence that the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is protective is compelling. The role of vitamin D signaling in limiting the proliferation while promoting the differentiation of keratinocytes, the major cell in the epidermis from which NMSC are derived, is well known. However, recent findings that mice lacking the VDR are predisposed to skin cancer has brought to the fore the question of how the VDR is protective. In this review we will look first at the role of vitamin D signaling in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. We will examine two pathways, β-catenin (CTNNB) and hedgehog (HH), that are regulated by vitamin D signaling and may contribute to the dysregulated proliferation and differentiation in the absence of VDR. We will then examine the failure of VDR deficient keratinocytes to repair DNA damaged by UVB. Finally we will examine the change in long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) expression in VDR null keratinocytes that in other cells is associated with malignant transformation, a potential newly appreciated mechanism by which vitamin D signaling is protective against NMSC.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticle-Based Calix[n]arenes and Calix-Resorcinarenes as Building Blocks: Synthesis, Formulation and Characterization
Authors: Montasser Imed , Shahgaldian Patrick , Perret Florent , Coleman Anthony
Published: November 2013

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have attracted increasing attention during recent years. This paper presents an overview about the use of calix[n]arenes and calix-resorcinarenes in the formulation of SLNs. Because of their specific inclusion capability both in the intraparticle spaces and in the host cavities as well as their capacity for functionalization, these colloidal nanostructures represent excellent tools for the encapsulation of different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the area of drug targeting, cosmetic additives, contrast agents, etc. Various synthetic routes to the supramolecular structures will be given. These various routes lead to the formulation of the corresponding SLNs. Characterization, properties, toxicological considerations as well as numerous corresponding experimental studies and analytical methods will be also exposed and discussed.
OSBP-Related Proteins: Liganding by Glycerophospholipids Opens New Insight into Their Function
Authors: Olkkonen Vesa
Published: November 2013

Oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) and its homologs designated OSBP-related (ORP) or OSBP-like (OSBPL) proteins constitute a conserved family of lipid binding/transfer proteins (LTP) in eukaryotes. The mechanisms of ORP function have remained incompletely understood, but they have been implicated as intracellular sterol sensors or transporters. A number of studies have provided evidence for the roles of ORPs at membrane contact sites (MCS), where endoplasmic reticulum is closely apposed with other organelle limiting membranes. ORPs are postulated to either transport sterols over MCSs or control the activity of enzymatic effectors or assembly of protein complexes with functions in signaling and lipid metabolism. Studies of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORPs Osh4p, Osh3p, Osh6p and Osh7p have revealed that ORPs do not exclusively bind sterols within their OSBP-related ligand-binding domain (ORD): The Osh4p ORD accommodates either sterols or phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P), and the Osh3p ORD was shown to specifically bind PI4P, the binding cavity being too narrow for a sterol to fit in. Most recently, Osh6p and Osh7p were demonstrated to show specific affinity for phosphatidylserine (PS), and to play a role in the intracellular transport of this glycerophospholipid; Additionally, two mammalian ORPs were shown to bind PS. Thus, the term frequently used for ORPs/OSBPLs, oxysterol-binding proteins, is a misnomer. While a number of ORPs bind oxysterols or cholesterol, other family members appear to interact with phospholipid ligands to regulate lipid fluxes, organelle lipid compositions and cell signaling. As a conclusion, ORPs are LTPs with a wide ligand spectrum and marked functional heterogeneity.
The Water Demand of Energy: Implications for Sustainable Energy Policy Development
Authors: Hadian Saeed , Madani Kaveh
Published: November 2013

With energy security, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development as three main motives, global energy policies have evolved, now asking for higher shares of renewable energies, shale oil and gas resources in the global energy supply portfolios. Yet, concerns have recently been raised about the environmental impacts of the renewable energy development, supported by many governments around the world. For example, governmental ethanol subsidies and mandates in the U.S. are aimed to increase the biofuel supply while the water footprint of this type of energy might be 70–400 times higher than the water footprint of conventional fossil energy sources. Hydrofracking, as another example, has been recognized as a high water-intensive procedure that impacts the surface and ground water in both quality and quantity. Hence, monitoring the water footprint of the energy mix is significantly important and could have implications for energy policy development. This paper estimates the water footprint of current and projected global energy policies, based on the energy production and consumption scenarios, developed by the International Energy Outlook of the U.S. Energy Information Administration. The outcomes reveal the amount of water required for total energy production in the world will increase by 37%–66% during the next two decades, requiring extensive improvements in water use efficiency of the existing energy production technologies, especially renewables.