bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Balanced Investment Treaties and the BRICS
Authors: Cai Congyan
Published: August 2018

Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (the BRICS) have emerged as a new hub of power in international relations. They have begun to speak out jointly on a wide range of issues and to explore cooperating collectively. For instance, they strongly urge the Bretton Woods institutions to address their legitimacy deficits by transferring substantial voting power to emerging powers, and suggest that failure to do so will “run the risk of seeing [those institutions] fade into obsolescence.” The investment treaty regime may be another field in which they can exert influence, but the investment treaty policies of BRICS countries are diverging now more than ever. In particular, India and South Africa have taken significant measures, such as terminating investment treaties, that cast doubt on whether the BRICS can play a collective role in reforming such treaties. In this essay, I make two arguments. First, the recent investment treaty policies of some BRICS (India, South Africa, and to some extent Brazil) have shifted from one imbalanced approach that is too protective of foreign investors to another that is too protective of host states and is likely to be rejected by major powers such as the European Union, the United States, and China. Second, the BRICS together have the ability to craft approaches to investment treaties that encourage greater balance in the regime overall, including by remedying some of the defects inherent in the traditional investment treaties.
Klinik und Diagnostik der Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Liu Yu-Ching , Pfister Otmar
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung. Herzinsuffizienz hat sich in Anbetracht der demographischen Entwicklung mit einer immer grösser werdenden Bevölkerungsschicht der über 65-Jährigen zu einem wachsenden Problem der öffentlichen Gesundheit entwickelt. Die Verdachtsdiagnose basiert auf typischen Symptomen und klinischen Zeichen, welche den erhöhten intrakardialen Füllungsdruck sowie die Minderperfusion und die daraus resultierende Kongestion widerspiegeln. Die Messung der natriuretischen Peptide (BNP oder NT-proBNP) ist der Schlüssel, um die Arbeitsdiagnose «Herzinsuffizienz» zu erhärten. Die endgültige Bestätigung der Diagnose erfolgt durch die Objektivierung einer funktionellen und / oder strukturellen kardialen Funktionsstörung mittels Echokardiographie.
Device-Therapie bei Herzinsuffizienz
Authors: Kozhuharov Nikola , Sticherling Christian , Schär Beat
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung. Trotz Fortschritten in der medikamentösen Therapie weist die Herzinsuffizienz weiterhin eine hohe Mortalität auf und schränkt die Lebensqualität der Erkrankten stark ein. Bei gut gestellter Indikation sind die kardiale Resynchronisationstherapie und die implantierbaren Cardioverter Defibrillatoren wichtige therapeutische Optionen, welche eine Chance zur Verbesserung der Prognose respektive der Symptome bei dieser vulnerablen Patientenpopulation geben.
On-surface self-assembly of tetratopic molecular building blocks
Authors: Nieckarz Damian , Rżysko Wojciech , Szabelski Paweł
Published: August 2018

Monte Carlo simulations predict the surface-confined self-assembly of tetratopic building blocks into diverse 2D superstructures.
Time-gated triplet-state optical spectroscopy to decipher organic luminophores embedded in rigid matrices
Authors: Sontakke Atul D. , Mouesca Jean-Marie , Castaing Victor , Ferrier Alban , Salaün Mathieu , Gautier-Luneau Isabelle , Maurel Vincent , Ibanez Alain , Viana Bruno
Published: August 2018

Unknown luminophores trapped in a rigid a-YAB matrix were selectively resolved using TGTSS, which accompanied by TD-DFT analysis helped in identifying luminophore compounds.
Rotationally resolved electronic spectroscopy of 3-cyanoindole and the 3-cyanoindole–water complex
Authors: Schneider Michael , Hebestreit Marie-Luise , Lindic Mirko Matthias , Parsian Hilda , Torres-Boy América Yareth , Álvarez-Valtierra Leonardo , Meerts W. Leo , Kühnemuth Ralf , Schmitt Michael
Published: August 2018

The rotationally resolved electronic spectra of the origin bands of 3-cyanoindole, 3-cyanoindole(d1), and the 3-cyanoindole–(H2O)1 cluster have been measured and analyzed using evolutionary algorithms.
Stability of hydrolytic arsenic species in aqueous solutions: As3+vs. As5+
Authors: Cassone Giuseppe , Chillé Donatella , Foti Claudia , Giuffré Ottavia , Ponterio Rosina Celeste , Sponer Jiri , Saija Franz
Published: August 2018

By combining ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and experiments, the stable hydrolytic species formed by As3+ and As5+ have been identified both in natural waters and in biologically relevant systems.
Carbon-based SILP catalysis for the selective hydrogenation of aldehydes using a well-defined Fe(ii) PNP complex
Authors: Castro-Amoedo Rafael , Csendes Zita , Brünig Julian , Sauer Markus , Foelske-Schmitz Annette , Yigit Nevzat , Rupprechter Günther , Gupta Tushar , Martins Ana Margarida , Bica Katharina , Hoffmann Helmuth , Kirchner Karl
Published: August 2018

In this work, the supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) method was applied for the immobilization of a newly developed, well-defined hydride Fe(ii) PNP pincer complex dissolved an in ionic liquid (IL) onto polymer-based spherical activated carbon.
Structure-guided engineering ofmeso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase for enantioselective reductive amination of sterically bulky 2-keto acids
Authors: Cheng Xinkuan , Chen Xi , Feng Jinhui , Wu Qiaqing , Zhu Dunming
Published: August 2018

Structure-guided reshaping the substrate-binding pocket of ameso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase (StDAPDH) led to a mutant W121L/H227I, which catalyzed the enantioselective reductive amination of some sterically bulky 2-keto acids.
Efficient method for cyclopentanone synthesis from furfural: understanding the role of solvents and solubility in a bimetallic catalytic system
Authors: Dohade Manisha , Dhepe Paresh L.
Published: August 2018

We consider the conversion of furfural to cyclopentanone in a biphasic solvent system in the presence of bimetallic PtCo supported on carbon catalyst.
Solvent-free direct α-alkylation of ketones by alcohols catalyzed by nickel supported on silica–alumina
Authors: Charvieux Aubin , Giorgi Javier B. , Duguet Nicolas , Métay Estelle
Published: August 2018

The α-alkylation of acetophenone with benzyl alcohol through borrowing hydrogen has been studied using nickel catalysis.
Structural and bonding properties of BS−/0 and BS3−/0
Authors: Zhao Li-Juan , Xu Xi-Ling , Xu Hong-Guang , Feng Gang , Zheng Wei-Jun
Published: August 2018

The structures of BS− and BS3− were determined by the combination of size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations.
Quenching of syn-bimane fluorescence by Na+ complexation
Authors: Roy Ankana , Das Partha Jyoti , Diskin-Posner Yael , Firer Michael , Grynszpan Flavio , Montag Michael
Published: August 2018

The fluorescent dye syn-(Me,Me)bimane forms labile complexes with Na+, leading to fluorescence quenching in solution.
Electrodeposition of carbon nitride nanosheets on the graphenized pencil lead as an effective sorbent
Authors: Marzi Khosrowshahi Elnaz , Razmi Habib
Published: August 2018

This study introduces a green, cheap, easy to prepare and powerful solid phase microextraction (SPME) sorbent for analytical monitoring applications.
Independent control over residual silver content of nanoporous gold by galvanodynamically controlled dealloying
Authors: Lackmann Anastasia , Bäumer Marcus , Wittstock Gunther , Wittstock Arne
Published: August 2018

Galvanodynamically controlled dealloying yields nanoporous gold with independent adjustment of ligament size and defined residual Ag content.
Effect of liquid droplet surface tension on impact dynamics over hierarchical nanostructure surfaces
Authors: Baek Seunghyeon , Moon Hyun Sik , Kim Wuseok , Jeon Sangmin , Yong Kijung
Published: August 2018

The effects of liquid surface tension on impact dynamics were studied using an ethanol–water solution as a model liquid system. The liquid surface tension was systematically varied by changing the ethanol concentration.
A surface transition of nanoparticle-decorated graphene films from water-adhesive to water-repellent
Authors: Wan Shu , Wan Hao , Bi Hengchang , Zhu Jingfang , He Longbing , Yin Kuibo , Su Shi , Sun Litao
Published: August 2018

A facile strategy is introduced to realize the transition of nanoparticle decorated graphene films from water-adhesion surface to water-repellent surface.
Development of a novel FePt-based multifunctional ferroptosis agent for high-efficiency anticancer therapy
Authors: Yue Ludan , Dai Zhichao , Chen Xue , Liu Chunmiao , Hu Zunfu , Song Bo , Zheng Xiuwen
Published: August 2018

The FePt-based ferroptosis agent, FPEF NPs, holds great promise in anticancerous studies and clinical applications.
Magnetoelectric coupling in nanoscale 0–1 connectivity
Authors: Zong Yan , Yue Zhilian , Martins Pedro , Zhuang Jincheng , Du Yi , Lanceros-Mendez Senentxu , Higgins Michael J.
Published: August 2018

Magnetoelectric coupling in novel 0–1 connectivity, allowing the use of nanomaterials to fabricate ME composites.
Three dimensionally-ordered 2D MoS2vertical layers integrated on flexible substrates with stretch-tunable functionality and improved sensing capability
Authors: Islam Md Ashraful , Kim Jung Han , Ko Tae-Jun , Noh Chanwoo , Nehate Shraddha , Kaium Md Golam , Ko Minjee , Fox David , Zhai Lei , Cho Chang-Hee , Sundaram Kalpathy B. , Bae Tae-Sung , Jung YounJoon , Chung Hee-Suk , Jung Yeonwoong
Published: August 2018

Three-dimensionally flexible vertical 2D MoS2layers are reported.
Tailoring the nonlinear optical performance of two-dimensional MoS2 nanofilms via defect engineering
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhang Saifeng , Xie Yafeng , Huang Jiawei , Wang Lei , Cui Yun , Wang Jun
Published: August 2018

The nonlinear optical performance of layered MoS2 nanofilms was successfully modulated by defect engineering via a polyelectrolyte-assisted annealing process.
Self-crosslinkable and modifiable polysiloxanes possessing Meldrum's acid groups
Authors: Su Wei-Lun , Liu Ying-Ling
Published: August 2018

Meldrum's acid functionalized poly(dimethylsiloxane)s exhibiting self-crosslinking and post-modifiable features.
Zeolite framework functionalisation by tuneable incorporation of various metals into the IPC-2 zeolite
Authors: Mazur Michal , Kasneryk Valeryia , Přech Jan , Brivio Federico , Ochoa-Hernández Cristina , Mayoral Alvaro , Kubů Martin , Čejka Jiří
Published: August 2018

The incorporation of metals into the IPC-2 zeolite framework was performed. Synthesised materials were tested in catalysis.
Manganese-catalyzed direct C2-allylation of indoles
Authors: Wu Shang , Yang Quanlu , Hu Qinzheng , Wang Yanbin , Chen Lihua , Zhang Hong , Wu Lan , Li Jia
Published: August 2018

Development of manganese-catalyzed synthesis of functionalized indoles is reported. This method involves direct C–H activation and allylation of indoles with broad substrate tolerance, leading to a series of C2-allylated indole derivatives under mild reaction conditions.
Olefin metathesis reaction as a locking tool for macrocycle and mechanomolecule construction
Authors: Quaglio Deborah , Zappia Giovanni , De Paolis Elisa , Balducci Silvia , Botta Bruno , Ghirga Francesca
Published: August 2018

The present review deals with an updated visit to the olefin metathesis reaction as a powerful tool for the construction of sophisticated macromolecular architectures.
New self-assembling peptide nanotubes of large diameter using δ-amino acids
Authors: Lamas Alejandro , Guerra Arcadio , Amorín Manuel , Granja Juan R.
Published: August 2018

Here we show that 4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid is a rigid stretcher building block for the preparation of cyclic peptides that self-assemble to form peptide nanotubes with large diameter and hydrophobic pores.
Unravelling the origins of ice nucleation on organic crystals
Authors: Sosso Gabriele C. , Whale Thomas F. , Holden Mark A. , Pedevilla Philipp , Murray Benjamin J. , Michaelides Angelos
Published: August 2018

Organic molecules such as steroids or amino acids form crystals that can facilitate the formation of ice – arguably the most important phase transition on earth.
Reversible on–off switching of both spin crossover and single-molecule magnet behaviours via a crystal-to-crystal transformation
Authors: Shao Dong , Shi Le , Yin Lei , Wang Bao-Lin , Wang Zhen-Xing , Zhang Yi-Quan , Wang Xin-Yi
Published: August 2018

A molecule complex exhibiting reversible on–off switching between spin crossover and single-molecule magnet behaviours via a single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation is reported.
Giant enhancement of the figure-of-merit over a broad temperature range in nano-boron incorporated Cu2Se
Authors: Nazrul Islam Sheik Md. Kazi , Li Meng , Aydemir Umut , Shi Xun , Chen Lidong , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Wang Xiaolin
Published: August 2018

We demonstrate that insulating-boron nanoparticle inclusion in Cu2Se has little effect on the overall power factor, but can significantly reduce the thermal conductivity, resulting in great improvement on zT, by a factor of 1.6–2.6 compared to undoped Cu2Se over a wide range of temperatures.
Cellulose/keratin–catechin nanocomposite hydrogel for wound hemostasis
Authors: Sun Zhe , Chen Xiangyu , Ma Xiaomin , Cui Xinxing , Yi Zeng , Li Xudong
Published: August 2018

Rapid wound hemostatic was achieved by a composite hydrogel based on human hair keratin–catechin nanoparticles and cellulose.
Red-blood-cell-mimetic gene delivery systems for long circulation and high transfection efficiency in ECs
Authors: Hao Xuefang , Li Qian , Wang Huaning , Muhammad Khan , Guo Jintang , Ren Xiangkui , Shi Changcan , Xia Shihai , Zhang Wencheng , Feng Yakai
Published: August 2018

Red-blood-cell-biomimetic gene delivery systems exhibit long circulation, strong immune evasion and high transfection efficiency.
Interpreting GRB170817A as a giant flare from a jet-less double neutron star merger
Authors: Salafia O. S. , Ghisellini G. , Ghirlanda G. , Colpi M.
Published: August 2018

We show that the delay between GRB170817A and GW170817 is incompatible with de-beamed emission from an off-axis relativistic jet. The prompt emission and the subsequent radio and X-ray observations can instead be interpreted within a giant-flare-like scenario, being the result of a relativistic outflow driven by the ultra-strong magnetic field produced by magnetohydrodynamic amplification during the merger of the progenitor double neutron-star binary. Within such a picture, the data indicate that the outflow must be endowed with a steep velocity profile, with a relatively fast tail extending to Γ ∼ 8. Since the conditions for the launch of such an outflow are relatively general, and the presence of a velocity profile is a natural expectation of the acceleration process, most neutron star binary mergers should feature this quasi-isotropic, hard X-ray emission component, that could be a powerful guide to the discovery of additional kilonovae associated to relatively nearby gravitational wave events.
Biochar application for the improving soil fertility and paddy production on two systems of planting
Authors: Sipayung Antonio , Sabrina Tengku , Damanik Revandy
Published: August 2018

A product of pyrolysis of residual biomass called biochar has several benefits into soil. Bio-charcoal formed by burning organic waste which will produce activated carbon and organic carbon and will be added to the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate biochar ability to improve soil fertility and increase the production of paddy crops with two planting systems. Legowo planting system is intermittent cropping between two or more rows of rice plants and one empty row. The research was conducted in Tanjung Garbus’s Village, Deli Serdang District with an elevation of ± 50 Meters above sea level. This research used a Factorial Split Plot Design with two factors that was treatment of planting systems as main plot (S), consist of 2 (two) stages: Jajar Legowo 2:1 and Jajar Legowo 4:1 and the sub-plot was biochar application (B) consisting of 3 levels namely, without biochar application, 25.5 ton/ha, and 50.5 ton/ha. The results showed that planting system significantly affected shoot wet weight and shoot dry weight and biochar application had a significant effect on shoot wet weight and no significant effect on shoot dry weight. The interaction showed no significant effect on all parameters.
Position of employees in the state-owned enterprises in achieving a welfare state
Authors: Perangin angin Christian Orchard , Nasution Bismar
Published: August 2018

Indonesia is a welfare state where the people are guaranteed to get a decent standard of living. The establishment of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is part of the responsibility of the State in the prosperity of its people. The SOEs management cannot be separated from the aspect of labor. Law No. 13 of 2013 on Manpower (UUK) opens an opportunity for entrepreneurs, including state-owned enterprises, to practice the outsourcing recruitment. This research is conducted based on normative and supported by bibliographic data. The theories of Justice and Welfare State were used to analyze the problems. Outsourcing not providing certainty of employment as well as violating the workers’ normative rights. In conclusion, the practice of the outsourcing recruitment at SOEs that violates the workers’ normative rights will have a profound effect. The absence of certainty guarantee during work will only turn workers as an object of commodity. This activity will hinder people from achieving the justice and prosperous state which has become the goal of the state. The fulfillment of SOEs workers’ rights in achieving the welfare state will only be attained if the company can treat workers as partners.
Fiscal legitimacy of environmental taxation: challenges for green growth policy
Authors: Irianto Edi Slamet , Rosdiana Haula , Sardjono Lucas Filberto , Tambunan Maria R. U. D.
Published: August 2018

In Indonesia the fiscal legitimacy of environmental taxation has not received serious attention from tax experts. This is proved by the limited number of studies investigating it. There are at least three interesting perspectives. First, the Indonesian perspective as a country, this research is very necessary and the results are awaited in order to get answers to the failure of Indonesia in application of environmental taxes. Second, policy maker perspective, the result of this research is needed to build policy based on evidence and Third, scientific perspective to introduce contemporary tax paradigm that should be well understood by government and society. It is in this context that the tax essence adequately can be well known in the structure, the posture of state levies and its impact on the productivity and competitiveness of society. This research aims to explain the implications if the government implements new environmental taxes (e.g. environmental taxes) and challenges of fiscal legitimacy from environmental taxes within the framework of green growth policy. By using constructivism paradigm, this research is done through documentation and literature study, and technical data analysis in the form of meta-analysis. The research results show that there are some pseudo environmental taxes and charges applied in Indonesia. That is, if the government impose a new tax type, then the government will add compliance costs and distort entrepreneur cash flow. However, if the government can manage revenue from environmental taxes and charges through good spending quality, it will create tax justification that will rise the tax trust. Therefore, spending quality should be done transparently, accountably and consistently, to ensure that environmental taxes that do not cause high economic costs, do not reduce competitiveness, and ensure the stability of state revenues. Thus, the restructuring, convergence and harmonization of environmental taxes and charges must be conducted in order to achieve a connection between tax payments and inclusive and sustainable economic growth can be created.
Community participation based on social capital to enhance tourist visit at Lake Toba Parapat North Sumatera
Authors: Revida Erika , Purba Sukarman
Published: August 2018

The The purpose of this research was to analyze the participation of community based on social capital to enhance tourist visit at Lake Toba Parapat North Sumatera. The study utililized both qualitative and quantitative methods. 80 respondents (head of family) were interviewed at Lake Toba Parapat North Sumatera. Thte analysis technique of data used quantitative research used descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analysis, whereas qualitative research started from the data organization, reduction and interpretation of data and took conclusion on the results of research. The results of the research showed that the hypothesis of research that there was a positive and significant influence between social capital on the community participation to enhance tourist visits in Lake Toba Parapat North Sumatra was accepted. Participation of community based on social capital to enhance tourist visit was in moderat and it can be further improved by social activities including communication, information sharing and education on the importance of community participation based on social capital such as cohesiveness, altruism, networking, coorperation, unselfish feeling, and trust.
The approach of political ecology as an alternative method to overcome socio-economic problems
Authors: Harahap Husnul Isa , dan Rosmery
Published: August 2018

There are many efforts that has been done by the society to meet their economic needs. But there are often obstacles in the processes. One among them an expensive food’s prices. Is political ecological approach can be used as an alternative method to overcome the society social issues? It reliability is based on three reasons. First, so far the political ecological approach has a very small negative side effect for humans therefore it is environmentally friendly. Secondly, in some cases it is easy to develop at an affordable cost. Third, the results achieved is more valuable. The political ecological approach is thus a viable method developed and promoted through public policy.
Effect of monopalmitic content and temperature on precipitation rate in biodiesel-petroleum diesel blends
Authors: Girry Indy Prasetya , Paryanto Imam , Prakoso Tirto , Gozan Misri
Published: August 2018

The need for cleaner fuel increases alongside the necessity of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Biodiesel is considered as one of best options for cleaner energy. However, it has disadvantages due to lower stability, lesser cold flow properties (CFP), and higher viscosity, which are mainly caused by fatty acid type and content. These works investigate CFP of various biodiesel blends B20 & B30, with the objective on how the monopalmytic as one of the saturated monoglycerides (SMG) content and Temperatures affect the precipitation rate. A set of 100ml separatory funnels containing various samples were put in refrigerators in controlled-temperature, i.e.15°C; 20°C; and room temperature. The rate of precipitation was observed every day for 2 weeks using 0.8μm membrane filter. Results indicated precipitation rate of B30 was higher than that of B20. As it was expected, the precipitate was taken at the same temperature, 20°C, resulting in B30 had more precipitate in the end (37.6 mg) compared to B20 (22.2 mg). The closer to cloud point also indicates the higher rate of precipitation as 4th day B20 at 15°C (25.4 mg) compared 4th day B20 at 20°C (19.3 mg). The change of crystal from less stable α-phase to more stable, less soluble β-phase is also proven to significantly affect the rate of precipitation.
Local wisdom of indigenous society in managing their customary land: a comparative study on tribes in Indonesia
Authors: Maria
Published: August 2018

The knowledge of indigenous people in Indonesia has developed for years in line with the development of human civilization. The development produces traditional knowledge and rules resulting from the adaptation process to its environment. The recent emergence of environmental crises has created a new awareness that this crisis can be resolved by returning to the local wisdom of indigenous peoples. The discourse on local wisdom has surfaced and is recognized as an important part of future development programs, including legal development. Local wisdom or environmental wisdom can be defined as the cultural knowledge possessed by a particular society that includes a number of cultural knowledge concerning models of sustainable use and management of natural resources. The legal relationship between the community and the land creates a right that gives the community a legal group, the right to use the land for the benefit of the society. In local communities, traditional wisdom manifests in the form of a set of rules, knowledge and skills as well as values and ethics that govern the social order of the communities that continue to live and evolve from generation to generation. This local wisdom is not only contained in the customary values and norms but also in the activities of indigenous people members in managing their lands.
Smallholder Plantations Palm Oil Productivity: a Comparative Study in Two Sub-district Areas in Aceh Province and North Sumatera Province
Authors: Mawardati  , Khalil Munawar
Published: August 2018

This study was conducted on smallholder plantations in two locations: in Sub-district of Kuta Makmur, District of Aceh Utara, Province of Aceh and Sub-district of Kualuh Hulu, District of Labuhanbatu Utara Province of Sumatera Utara in January to March 2017. This study aims to analyze palm oil productivity differences of the smallholder plantations in both districts based on the age group of plant and location. The analytical method used is the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of analysis shows that there are differences in palm oil productivity significant smallholder plantations based on research locations. Furthermore, the results describes, palm oil productivity based on age group of plants only in Sub-district of Kualuh Hulu showing the significant, whereas in Sub-district of Kuta Makmur did not significant. This is due to the differences in the level of application of technology in managing palm oil cultivation by smallholders at both sites.
Monostearin effects on the formation of precipitate in palm oil biodiesel and petroleum diesel blends with various storage temperature
Authors: Ghaizani Mohamad Aufar , Abdurrosyid Imam , Paryanto Imam , Gozan Misri
Published: August 2018

Biodiesel is one of the renewable energy forms that is on demand in Indonesia. In the biodiesel production process, impurities such as Saturated Monoglycerides (SMG) in the form of monostearin that precipitate at low temperature are commonly formed. This is caused by high Final Melting Temperature (FMT) of SMG. Formation of solid deposits when it reaches a temperature above Cloud Point (CP) is then unavoidable under these conditions. The use of palm oil biodiesel and petroleum diesel blends (BXX) with biodiesel blend ratio of 10% (B10), 20% (B20) and 30% (B30) accelerates precipation process which renders clogging on fuel filters. These works examined the effect monostearin content and temperature on the precipitation rate. Investigation is carried out at 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, and room temperature (30-33°C) with varying content of monostearin (0.4%, 0.7%, and 0.9%). Early results show that for 0.4% monostearin content in 100 ml B20, the amount of precipitate formed at temperature 15 oC was 31.3 mg. This value was higher than that at room temperature (6.3 mg) after 2 weeks storage time. This value was higher compared to B20 (21.5 mg). This indicates that as the biodiesel ratio in BXX become higher, the amount of FAME will increase which effect monostearin solubility in BXX at low temperature.
The Estimation Loss and Gain of Mammal Species Diversity due to Oil Palm Plantations: A Case Study of BPME Estate, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Satrio Suryadi , Santosa Yanto
Published: August 2018

The existence of palm oil plantation development allegedly resulted in a ecological losses, including the sustainability of mammalian diversity. So far the ecological losses to the diversity of wildlife species, especially mammals, have not been widely known. Therefore, in February 2018 a direct observation was conducted at 5 observation paths with Strip Transect Method and simultaneous data retrieval, three repetitions at 8.00-10.00 a.m. and 16.00-18.00 p.m. In addition, there are 10 Rodentia traps and 15 camera traps on each observation path. The analysis results obtained the total number of species and wealth of the highest species on oil palm plantation cover. The highest similarity index was obtained from young-aged oil palm (IS = 0.67) and the lowest commonality index was in old-aged oil palm (IS = 0.50). On the other hand, the old-aged oil palm has the highest value of mammal diversity and the lowest loss value, while the young-aged oil palm has the lowest mammal diversity value. Overall, land cover changes to oil palm plantations have a positive impact due to the addition of two species of mammals and the value of species diversity did not change significantly.
Assessment of value added and development opportunity of agroindustry activity based on marine resources in Sub District of Panarukan, District of Situbondo
Authors: Hadi Syamsul , Wahyudi M. Iwan , Hazmi M. , Prayuginingsih Henik
Published: August 2018

Sub-District Panarukan, Distric of Situbondo has many food processing and non-food processing centers based on marine resources, all of which reaches 197 business units which include: Craft, Fish Cracker, Fish Chips, Shrimp paste and rengginang fish. The socio-economic phenomena of coastal communities should provide added value, absorb a lot of unemployment, but the people are still not prosperous in economically. The purposes of this study are to: Analyze the value added of resource-based on agroindustry, and to know the opportunity of marine resource development based agroindustry. The type of research used is descriptive with survey technique. Furthermore, the excavated data consists of qualitative and quantitative data which collected by using depth interview technique and the determination of respondents is done by simple random sampling technique. In order to answer the first, and second, the Hayami value-added analysis, and cost efficiency (R/C-Ratio) are used. The result of the research revealed that the ratio of added value of agribusiness activity of marine basis is 37,5% (value added ratio 15% - 40%), then the added value is classified. While the business opportunity of agribusiness activity in the research area is very big which indicated the value of R / C reach 1.95. If marine resource-based agroindustry activities in the research area are intervened with a touch of modern science-based management, then the value-added ratio potentially reaches more than 40% (> 40% high added value categories).
Empowerment of small and medium (SMEs) enterprises through the provision of credit with the guarantee of movable objects
Authors: Andriati Syarifah Lisa , Kamello Tan
Published: August 2018

Small and medium enterprises have an extremly important position in national economy and social life. Especially when it is associated with the economic empowerment of the community and the amount of labor that the small and medium enterprises can absorb. In addition to having a strategic meaning for development, small and medium enterprises also serve as a means to state the results of development that has been achieved. Empowerment of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is usually accompanied by capital needs. One of the obstacles faced by SMEs in developing their business related to the weakness of capital structure and lack of access to strengthen the capital structure. There is a need for a legislation that regulates related to the granting collateral of movable objects to facilitate SMEs regarding capital loans.
Certification of nagari assets in west sumatra
Authors: Faisal Yontri , Lubis Muhammad Yamin
Published: August 2018

Nagari in West Sumatra is the same as “customary village” (Article 7 of Act Number 6 of 2014 concerning the Village) which is the spearhead of the lowest administrative region. Nagari as the lowest government also has an assets, both in the form of land and others form. The legal certainty of the Nagari asset in the form of land is held through land certification. In general, Nagari assets are communal lands. with the empowerment of Nagari assets in West Sumatera, through the Regional Government Budget and Expenditure, will provide wider space for the Nagari in utilizing its assets, in an effort to improve the Nagari economy, or at the same time to provide legal certainty regarding land assets. This research use theory of legal certainty. The conclusion of this research, concerning the certainty of certification of Nagari assets in the form of communal land has not provided legal certainty, because communal land does not include land certification object.
Land conversion to the poor people in the perspective of utilitarianism theory by bentham
Authors: Yusrizal  , Lubis Muhammad Yamin
Published: August 2018

The politics of Indonesia’s national land law is based on the principle of fulfilling the constitutional rights of every citizen of the land. The land according to Indonesian positive law is used for the general welfare of Indonesian People. In 2001, with the issuance of MPR RI Decree No.IX / MPR-RI / 2001 concerning Agrarian Reform and Natural Resource Management is the momentum of the agrarian reform program. Agrarian reform is implemented gradually by allocating land for the poor. The problem is: the distribution of the land is not right on target, the existence of a land mafia, bribery of the National Land Agency and the annexation of community land by the investor. Karo Regency became one of the areas which received land allocation from conversion forest.This research method is empirical legal research. This research uses primary data. This research use legal benefit theory (utilitarian) by Jeremy Bentham. Based on legal benefit theory, that agrarian reform by giving land conversion to the poor is an alternative effort of government to give decent living and fulfillment of constitutional rights of Indonesian citizen and eradicate poverty.
An easily computable error estimator in space and time for the wave equation
Authors: Gorynina O. , Lozinski A. , Picasso M.
Published: August 2018

We propose a cheaper version ofa posteriorierror estimator from Goryninaet al.(Numer. Anal.(2017)) for the linear second-order wave equation discretized by the Newmark scheme in time and by the finite element method in space. The new estimator preserves all the properties of the previous one (reliability, optimality on smooth solutions and quasi-uniform meshes) but no longer requires an extra computation of the Laplacian of the discrete solution on each time step.
Jugendliche und digitale Medien: Worauf Sie achten sollten
Authors: Keren Grafen Dr. rer. nat.
Published: August 2018

Ein angemessener Konsum von digitalen Medien ist für Jugendliche aufgrund der Gehirnentwicklung, zum Schutz vor Strahlung und für den Datenschutz wichtig.
Alte Seelen in jungen Körpern
Authors: Casagrande Christina
Published: August 2018

Was es bei der Behandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen zu beachten gibt. Die DHZ-Kolumne von Christina Casagrande.
Essstörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Schmid Eva C
Published: August 2018

Zu den bekanntesten Essstörungen bei Jugendlichen gehören Anorexia nervosa (AN) und Bulimia nervosa (BN). Bei AN gibt es einen restriktiven Typ und Purging-Typ. BN ist gekennzeichnet durch Heißhunger- und Essattacken. Dabei soll eine Gewichtszunahme verhindert werden, sehr häufig durchselbstinduziertes Erbrechen.
Die Blume der Liebenden
Authors: Stumpf Ursula
Published: August 2018

Das Vergissmeinnicht beziehungsweise die blaue Blume der Romantik ist in Sagen ein Symbol der Sehnsucht und der Liebenden. In der Volksheilkunde nutzt man das Acker-Vergissmeinnicht (Myosotis arvensis) seit jeher bei verschiedenen Beschwerden zur innerlichen und äußerlichen Anwendung.
Epstein-Barr – Das Virus mit den vielen Gesichtern
Authors: Marcus Stötzer HP
Published: August 2018

Das Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) wird über Tröpfchen- und Schmierinfektion übertragen und löst die infektiöse Mononukleose aus. Zur Beschwerdebild-Trias der akuten Form gehören Fieber, geschwollene Lymphknoten und vergrößerte Tonsillen. Die Erkrankung kann aber auch symptomarm verlaufen. EBV persistiert lebenslang im Körper und nistet sich in den B-Lymphozyten des Wirts ein.
Vehikel der Träume
Authors: Matthias Wendland HP
Published: August 2018

Etwa ein bis zwei Prozent der Jugendlichen konsumieren regelmäßig synthetische Drogen wie Amphetamine oder LSD. Für das sich entwickelnde Gehirn bedeuten die psychoaktiven Substanzen ein enormes und unkalkulierbares Risiko, verstärkt durch die jeweils unbekannte Zusammensetzung der Droge. Zu den größten Risiken zählen Hirnschäden, Persönlichkeitsveränderungen, Depression, Psychosen, aber auch Herzinfarkt und Schlaganfall.
„Ich will auch um die Sonne fliegen!“
Authors: Reinhold Saldow HP
Published: August 2018

Julia, 15, leidet an der großen Angst, ihre Mutter zu verlieren. Versucht ihre Mutter das Haus ohne sie zu verlassen, reagiert Julia mit Angst und Aggression. Die Behandlung mit kreativer Heilhypnose fördert kindliche Traumata zutage, die mithilfe symbol- und hypnodramatischen Strategien bearbeitet werden können. Der Vorteil der Kreativen Heilhypnose ist der offene Ansatz, der die Kreativität und Eigenverantwortung von Jugendlichen fördert, ohne sie zu überfordern.
Die Asthmakontrolle bei Erwachsenen und Kindern muss optimiert werden!
Authors: Guenter K. , Boeselt T. , Kroenig J. , Hildebrandt O. , Koehler N. , Viniol C. , Koehler U.
Published: August 2018

Entsprechend der GINA-Kriterien ist es Ziel des Asthma-Managements, eine optimale Symptomkontrolle zu erreichen und die Risiken für Exazerbationen, Verschlechterungen der Lungenfunktion, Langzeitfolgen und Nebenwirkungen der Therapie zu minimieren. Studien wie REALISE und AIRE geben uns Informationen dahingehend, ob und wie sich innerhalb von annähernd 15 Jahren Verbesserungen bei der Versorgung von Patienten mit Asthma bronchiale eingestellt haben. Obwohl es sehr wirksame Medikamente zur Behandlung des Asthma bronchiale gibt, sind die Ergebnisse der Asthmakontrolle weiterhin unbefriedigend. Bei deutlich mehr als 50 % der Patienten muss das Asthma als nicht bzw. schlecht kontrolliert angesehen werden. Eine schlechte Therapieadhärenz, die Angst vor systemischen Effekten der inhalativen Kortisontherapie, die vermehrte Inanspruchnahme der Bedarfstherapie, eine nicht ausreichende Schulung und Aufklärung der Patienten sind dafür verantwortlich. Es besteht eine Notwendigkeit zur Intensivierung der Schulungsmaßnahmen und verbesserten Patientenüberwachung.
Renitenz oder Thyreopathie?
Authors: Michael Achilles HP
Published: August 2018

Viele Kinder und Jugendliche, die zunächst für rebellisch oder lethargisch gehalten werden, leiden unter einer unerkannten Schilddrüsenüber- oder -unterfunktion. Nach sorgfältiger (Labor-)Diagnostik lässt sich die Schilddrüse in vielen Fällen bereits durch Therapie eines lebensstilbedingten Jod-, Eisen- oder Selenmangels revitalisieren. Bei der häufig auftretenden Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis hat sich bei Jugendlichen eine Kombination aus Nährstoffen, antientzündlichen Impulsen und probiotischer Therapie bewährt.
Wie gelingt Home Treatment in der Praxis? Eine qualitative Studie unter Einbezug von Patienten, Angehörigen und Mitarbeitenden
Authors: Wyder Lea , Fawcett Celia , Hepp Urs , grosse Holtforth Martin , Stulz Niklaus
Published: August 2018

Ziel der Studie Identifikation von Wirkmechanismen und von Faktoren für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung von Home Treatment (HT) aus Stakeholder-Sicht.

Methoden Thematische Analyse halbstrukturierter Interviews mit Patienten, Angehörigen und Mitarbeitenden, Online-Umfrage mit Mitarbeitenden.

Ergebnisse 25 Interviews und 70 Fragebögen wurden analysiert.

Schlussfolgerung Zentrale Themen sind: Individualisierung und Alltagsnähe der Behandlung, Behandlungskonzept sowie Anforderungen. Herausforderungen für die Umsetzung betreffen Indikationsstellung, Zuweisungszeitpunkt und Verantwortungsübernahme.
Statins and Colorectal Cancer – A Systematic
Review
Authors: Dobrzycka Małgorzata , Spychalski Piotr , Łachiński Andrzej J. , Kobiela Paulina , Jędrusik Piotr , Kobiela Jarek
Published: August 2018

Objectives Statins act by inhibiting
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and are an important drug
class in the treatment of lipid disorders. They lower cholesterol levels and
modulate cardiovascular disease risk in both primary and secondary
prevention. In addition, some studies have shown that statins may have an
effect on colorectal cancer development and treatment. Our objective is to
summarize published studies on the effect of statins on colorectal
carcinogenesis.

Methods A systematic review of the PubMed and Cochrane databases was
performed to identify studies published between April 2010 and April 2018
that investigated the association between statin use and colorectal cancer
incidence, mortality, and treatment.

Results Overall, 126 articles were identified with our search
strategy. Based on the eligibility criteria, 69 studies were excluded from
the review process. In vitro and animal studies have shown a potential
chemopreventive effect of statins and their efficacy in adjuvant therapy of
colorectal cancer. The anticarcinogenic effect on cancer risk in human
studies was heterogeneous. Some studies reported better overall and cancer
specific survival rates in patients using statins before and during
colorectal cancer treatment. Statins also show a potential role in
chemoprevention of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel
disease.

Conclusions Accumulating evidence suggests that statins may have a
role in colorectal cancer prevention and treatment. Further studies are
necessary to define the associations between individual statin
characteristics, their doses and colorectal cancer.
Hypothermie unter der Gabe von Aripiprazol
Authors: Kozian Ralf , Schmid Gregor , Demian Sergiu
Published: August 2018

Störungen der Thermoregulation sind unter der Gabe von Neuroleptika bekannt und treten als Hyperthermie z. B. im Rahmen eines malignen neuroleptischen Syndroms auf. Weniger bekannt ist, dass Neuroleptika auch eine Hypothermie verursachen können. Hypothermie im Rahmen einer Neuroleptikagabe trat anfangs unter Gabe typischer Neuroleptika, derweil auch zunehmend unter Gabe von atypischen Neuroleptika auf. Die Hypothermie wird dabei kausal in einem Zusammenhang mit einer Blockade von 5-HT2A-Rezeptoren gestellt. Wir berichten im Folgenden über das Auftreten einer Hypothermie bei Gabe von Aripiprazol bei einem Mann im Alter von 92 Jahren mit einer Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ.
Review of force fields and intermolecular potentials used in atomistic computational materials research
Authors: Harrison Judith A. , Schall J. David , Maskey Sabina , Mikulski Paul T. , Knippenberg M. Todd , Morrow Brian H.
Published: August 2018

Molecular simulation is a powerful computational tool for a broad range of applications including the examination of materials properties and accelerating drug discovery. At the heart of molecular simulation is the analytic potential energy function. These functions span the range of complexity from very simple functions used to model generic phenomena to complex functions designed to model chemical reactions. The complexity of the mathematical function impacts the computational speed and is typically linked to the accuracy of the results obtained from simulations that utilize the function. One approach to improving accuracy is to simply add more parameters and additional complexity to the analytic function. This approach is typically used in non-reactive force fields where the functional form is not derived from quantum mechanical principles. The form of other types of potentials, such as the bond-order potentials, is based on quantum mechanics and has led to varying levels of accuracy and transferability. When selecting a potential energy function for use in molecular simulations, the accuracy, transferability, and computational speed must all be considered. In this focused review, some of the more commonly used potential energy functions for molecular simulations are reviewed with an eye toward presenting their general forms, strengths, and weaknesses.
Advances in milestoning. I. Enhanced sampling via wind-assisted reweighted milestoning (WARM)
Authors: Grazioli Gianmarc , Andricioaei Ioan
Published: August 2018

The milestoning algorithm of Elber and co-workers creates a framework for computing the time scale of processes that are too long and too complex to be studied using simply brute force simulations. The fundamental objects involved in the milestoning algorithm are the first passage time distributions KAB(τ) between adjacent conformational milestones A and B. The method proposed herein aims to further enhance milestoning (or other interface based sampling methods) by employing an artificially applied force, akin to a wind that blows the trajectories from their initial to their final states, and by subsequently applying corrective weights to the trajectories to yield the true first passage time distributions KAB(τ) in a fraction of the computation time required for unassisted calculations. The re-weighting method is rooted in the formalism of stochastic path integrals. The theoretical basis for the technique and numerical examples are presented.
A review on high throughput roll-to-roll manufacturing of chemical vapor deposition graphene
Authors: Xin Hao , Li Wei
Published: August 2018

The interest in graphene has surged over the past few years due to its exceptional mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties, as well as its potential for flexible electronic applications. The traditional batch process for graphene synthesis and transfer need to be replaced by a high throughput, low-cost manufacturing process in order to enable mass production of graphene-based devices. Roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing and its related enabling technologies have been employed for both graphene growth and transfer, the two essential steps in graphene fabrication. It has been demonstrated that large-scale graphene production is feasible and has the potential to achieve economic success in the near future. This review provides an analysis of the state-of-the-art R2R manufacturing techniques for large-scale graphene fabrication. Different growth and transfer methods are compared. The benefit, limitation, and future outlook of R2R graphene fabrication are discussed. It is expected that through this review a benchmark is established for future development in R2R large-scale graphene production.