bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Distributed Generation on Carbon Emission Reduction of Distribution Network
Authors: Wu Di , Su Jun , Chen Zhengyu , Liu Hanhan
Published: October 2023

Increasing renewable energy integration in power systems is an important way of decarbonising carbon emissions. Recently, the ever-increasing deployment of distributed generation (DG) is considered effective in reducing carbon emissions and power loss, such as wind, photovoltaic (PV), and combined heat and power generation (CHP) on the demand side. Thus, the evaluation of carbon emission flow (CEF) will be a crucial factor for distribution network planning with the integration of DGs, which may act as a supplemented indicator in addition to traditional power flow study. In the planning stage, it is paramount to ensure that decarbonisation process of the power distribution system is in line with environmental and technical targets. Thus, the paper proposes a modelling strategy to combine the power flow and carbon emission flow. It aims to analyse and calculate the CEF based on the power-flow study. The novel model satisfies the power flow and CEF balance and can be directly used to evaluate the decarbonization of power system. The results of this study can help relevant energy decision-makers to do appropriate renewable energy generation planning and guide the power system to achieve carbon neutrality.
Multi-Criteria Decision-Making for Energy Management in Smart Homes Using Hybridized Neuro-Fuzzy Approach
Authors: Anbazhagu U. V. , Koti Manjula Sanjay , Muthukumaran V. , Geetha V. , Munrathnam Meram
Published: October 2023

The necessity for smart energy oversight solutions has arisen in response to the rising popularity of energy-efficient home automation and other energy-saving technologies. Optimizing smart home energy use using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is a proven methodology. However, the procedure for making decisions and MCDM’s capacity to handle various criteria are typically limiting factors. Hybrid methods, which integrate multiple decision-making approaches like Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Modular Neural Networks (MNN), could potentially be able to circumvent these restrictions and boost energy management systems’ efficacy and precision. This investigation presents a hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy (H-NF) method for MCDM in regulating energy for smart homes by combining FL with an MNN. The suggested approach would optimize energy use in smart homes by considering several parameters, notably cost, ease of use, and environmental effects. In addition, this study aims to examine how the H-NF model fares in comparison to other methods of making important decisions in terms of several performance metrics. The suggested hybridized approach has the potential to deliver more precise and effective decision-making processes for energy management in smart homes, allowing users to optimize their energy consumption while preserving comfort and lowering environmental impact.
Optimizing Energy Consumption in Smart Grids Using Demand Response Techniques
Authors: M L SwornaKokila , R Venkatarathinam , Joseph P Rose Bindu , Manivasagam M. A. , Kishore Kakarla Hari
Published: October 2023

Smart grids have developed as a potentially game-changing strategy for controlling the demand and supply of energy. Unfortunately, peak demand is a significant source of grid instability and rising energy prices, making it one of the most critical difficulties in smart grids. During times of high energy demand on the grid, demand response (DR) strategies incentivize consumers to change how they use energy. This study’s overarching goal is to learn how DR methods may be used to help smart grids make better use of their energy resources. The primary research is to develop a smart DR system that can predict times of high energy demand and proactively alter usage to reduce such periods. Machine learning strategies are utilized in the proposed system to estimate peak demand via past data, weather predictions, and other variables. The system will then alter energy use based on real-time data from smart meters along with other sensing devices to meet the projected demand. The simulation model will include several scenarios for testing the DR system’s flexibility, including a range of weather conditions, load profiles, and grid topologies. Several indicators, including peak demand reduction (80.04%), energy savings (38.09%), environmental consequences, and reaction time (<0.4 seconds), are used to evaluate the model’s performance. The output of the method excelled all of the other current methods that were taken into account. The system’s rapid response time and its positive environmental impact further highlight its potential in managing smart grid resources effectively.
An Efficient Libed and GBLRU-Based Solar Panel Hotspot Detection System Using Thermal Images
Authors: Kumar P. Pradeep , Reddy M. Rama Prasad
Published: October 2023

In the Photovoltaic (PV) system, monitoring, assessing, and detecting the occurred faults is essential. Autonomous diagnostic models are required to examine the solar plants and to detect the anomalies within these PV panels since the prevailing hotspot detection models were unable to detect the faults rapidly and consistently. A novel Log Inverse Bilateral Edge Detector (LIBED) and Gated Bernoulli Logmax Recurrent Unit (GBLRU)-centered Solar Panel (SP) hotspot detection scheme is proposed in this research that analyzed the operating PV module’s thermal images. Images are applied for the image processing steps prior to hotspot detection. By utilizing the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) model, the image’s contrast has been augmented in the image processing step.
The alpha (α) Modified Histogram Blending (αMHB) method is utilized to eliminate the outlier data available in the image. Subsequently, an effective LIBED contour detection method was utilized to detect the SP. Several features are extracted by utilizing the detected panels. Then, optimal features are chosen as of the extracted features by utilizing the Barnacles Mating Optimizer (BMO) algorithm. The GBLRU was utilized to predict the defective panels. The defective panels’ hotspots were isolated by utilizing the Haversine Self-Organizing Map (HSOM) model. The experimental evaluation of the proposed system’s performance is analyzed with the prevailing classifiers. The state-of-art methods were outperformed by the proposed GBLRU-based Hotspot detection system. The efficiency 94.34%, accuracy 97.23%, hot-spot detection rate 91.23% had been attained which were improved outcomes compared to existed models.
Inverse lithography physics-informed deep neural level set for mask optimization
Authors: Ma Xing-Yu , Hao Shaogang
Published: October 2023

As the feature size of integrated circuits continues to decrease, optical proximity correction (OPC) has emerged as a crucial resolution enhancement technology for ensuring high printability in the lithography process. Recently, level set-based inverse lithography technology (ILT) has drawn considerable attention as a promising OPC solution, showcasing its powerful pattern fidelity, especially in advanced processing. However, the massive computational time consumption of ILT limits its applicability to mainly correcting partial layers and hotspot regions. Deep learning (DL) methods have shown great potential in accelerating ILT. However, the lack of domain knowledge of inverse lithography limits the ability of DL-based algorithms in process window (PW) enhancement, etc. In this paper, we propose an inverse lithography physics-informed deep neural level set (ILDLS) approach for mask optimization. This approach utilizes level set-based ILT as a layer within the DL framework and iteratively conducts mask prediction and correction to significantly enhance printability and PW in comparison with results from pure DL and ILT. With this approach, the computational efficiency is significantly improved compared with ILT. By gearing up DL with the knowledge of inverse lithography physics, ILDLS provides a new and efficient mask optimization solution.
Research on data-driven low-sampling-rate single-pixel imaging method
Authors: Dai Shaosheng , He Ziqiang , Liu Jinsong
Published: October 2023

Single-pixel imaging requires only a unit detector with no spatial resolution capability to acquire spatial information of the target and reconstruct the image. However, the quality of reconstructing images strongly depends on measurement matrices and their number of samples, making it challenging to achieve high-quality imaging with fewer samples. In this Letter, a dataset-driven low-sampling-rate single-pixel imaging method is proposed. It utilizes a network model driven by the image datasets to directly extract target feature information from a small number of samples and reconstruct the image. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to traditional single-pixel imaging methods, this method no longer depends strongly on the relationship between the measurement matrices and the samples, and it can achieve an ideal imaging effect with a structural similarity of 90.20% at low sampling rates.
Experimental full calibration of quantum devices in a semi-device-independent way
Authors: Li Gong-Chu , Yin Zhen-Qiang , Zhang Wen-Hao , Chen Lei , Yin Peng , Peng Xing-Xiang , Hong Xue-Song , Chen Geng , Li Chuan-Feng , Guo Guang-Can
Published: October 2023

Semi-device-independent (SDI) methods offer a credible way to calibrate preparation and measurement devices simultaneously in quantum information processing, using only prior knowledge such as the Hilbert space dimension. To date, the SDI method is restricted to a few state paradigms, which impedes its broader applications. Recently, Tavakoli [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 150503 (2020)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.125.150503] proposed an SDI scheme to certify t-designs with discrete and symmetric structures. In this work, we bridge the gap between discrete and continuous structures with a concept termed “covering angle,” while maintaining the SDI feature. This concept enables us to evaluate a quantum device’s ability to generate arbitrary quantum states in a Hilbert space via calibrating a certain t-design. This so-called full calibration method is further tailored to be tolerant of errors in realistic state production. We demonstrate this full calibration scheme for a qubit system with various t-designs and show that it renders SDI certificates for quantum key distribution, quantum random number generation, and magic state distillability.
Seeded stimulated x-ray emission at 5.9  keV: erratum
Authors: Doyle Margaret D. , Halavanau Aliaksei , Zhang Yu , Michine Yurina , Everts Joshua , Fuller Franklin , Alonso-Mori Roberto , Yabashi Makina , Inoue Ichiro , Osaka Taito , Yamada Jumpei , Inubushi Yuichi , Hara Toru , Kern Jan , Yano Junko , Yachandra Vittal K. , Rohringer Nina , Yoneda Hitoki , Kroll Thomas , Pellegrini Claudio , Bergmann Uwe
Published: October 2023

We recently identified two labeling-related mistakes in Optica
10, 513 (2023)OPTIC82334-253610.1364/OPTICA.485989. The
first mistake concerns the labeling of the focus used during one scan.
The second mistake concerns the labeling of a filter used in some runs
to protect the detector. These mistakes do not affect the overall
findings and conclusions in our paper, but some numbers, text, and
figures are slightly affected by it. These items have been corrected
and are listed below. Finally, a missing DOE award number
(DE-SC0023270) has been added below.
Nano-optical theory of planar x-ray waveguides
Authors: Lohse Leon Merten , Andrejic Petar
Published: October 2023

X-ray waveguides are routinely used at synchrotron light sources in imaging setups
and as a platform for experiments with quantum emitters, providing nanometer-sized confinement
– even x-ray optics on a chip has been showcased. X-ray waveguides are weakly guiding and
experience significant material absorption, such that the established waveguide theory is not
immediately applicable. Here, a a general self-contained nano-optical theory of planar waveguides
is derived, which is appropriate for hard x-ray energies. Solutions of the electromagnetic fields
and its Green’s functions and their expansions into resonant and non-resonant modes are derived.
A method to reliably find the resonant modes of x-ray waveguide structures is presented. Based
on the general theory, certain common experimental geometries, namely evanescent coupling in
grazing-incidence, front-coupling in forward-incidence and radiation from buried emitters, are
discussed in more detail. Complementing the analytic discussion, numerical tools are provided
and applied to quantitatively extract the main figures of merit. The theory provides an analytic
foundation for the interpretation of past and future experiments and, combined with the numerical
tools, will facilitate the computer-aided design of x-ray waveguides.
The pleiotropic functions of Pri smORF peptides synchronize leg development regulators
Authors: Markus Damien , Pelletier Aurore , Boube Muriel , Port Fillip , Boutros Michael , Payre François , Obermayer Benedikt , Zanet Jennifer
Published: October 2023

The last decade witnesses the emergence of the abundant family of smORF peptides, encoded by small ORF (<100 codons), whose biological functions remain largely unexplored. Bioinformatic analyses here identify hundreds of putative smORF peptides expressed in Drosophila imaginal leg discs. Thanks to a functional screen in leg, we found smORF peptides involved in morphogenesis, including the pioneer smORF peptides Pri. Since we identified its target Ubr3 in the epidermis and pri was known to control leg development through poorly understood mechanisms, we investigated the role of Ubr3 in mediating pri function in leg. We found that pri plays several roles during leg development both in patterning and in cell survival. During larval stage, pri activates independently of Ubr3 tarsal transcriptional programs and Notch and EGFR signaling pathways, whereas at larval pupal transition, Pri peptides cooperate with Ubr3 to insure cell survival and leg morphogenesis. Our results highlight Ubr3 dependent and independent functions of Pri peptides and their pleiotropy. Moreover, we reveal that the smORF peptide family is a reservoir of overlooked developmental regulators, displaying distinct molecular functions and orchestrating leg development.
Extension of correlation coefficient based TOPSIS technique for interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft set: A case study in extract, transform, and load techniques
Authors: Zulqarnain Rana Muhammad , Siddique Imran , Asif Muhammad , Ahmad Hijaz , Askar Sameh , Gurmani Shahid Hussain
Published: October 2023

Correlation is an essential statistical concept for analyzing two dissimilar variables’ relationships. Although the correlation coefficient is a well-known indicator, it has not been applied to interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy soft sets (IVPFSS) data. IVPFSS is a generalized form of interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets and a refined extension of Pythagorean fuzzy soft sets. In this study, we propose the correlation coefficient (CC) and weighted correlation coefficient (WCC) for IVPFSS and examine their necessary properties. Based on the proposed correlation measures, we develop a prioritization technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS). We use the Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) software selection as an example to demonstrate the application of these measures and construct a prioritization technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) model. The method investigates the challenge of optimizing ETL software selection for business intelligence (BI). This study offers to illuminate the significance of using correlation measures to make decisions in uncertain and complex settings. The multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) approach is a powerful instrument with many applications. This expansion is predicted to conclude in a more reliable decision-making structure. Using a sensitivity analysis, we contributed empirical studies to determine the most significant decision processes. The proposed algorithm’s productivity is more consistent than prevalent models in controlling the adequate conformations of the anticipated study. Therefore, this research is expected to contribute significantly to statistics and decision-making.
The physical, psychological, and social impacts of participation in the Invictus Pathways Program: A qualitative analysis of veterans’ perceptions and experiences
Authors: Post Dannielle , Baker Amy , Milanese Steven , Freegard Suzana , Parfitt Gaynor
Published: October 2023

Introduction

UniSA’s Invictus Pathways Program (IPP) is motivated by the spirit of the Invictus Games to mobilise the benefits of sport to aid physical, psychological, and social wellbeing. Originally developed to assist veterans to train for and participate in the Invictus Games, the program has extended its scope to promote recovery and wellbeing for all veterans through physical activity. This paper describes the expectations and experiences of the IPP from the perspective of program participants.

Methods

Objective measures of physical and psychological wellbeing were collected by survey, to enable description of the participating veterans’ wellbeing status. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants of the IPP who had not participated in an Invictus Games or Warrior Games. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview data. Coding and themes were developed through a mixture of inductive and deductive approaches to analysis. Initial themes related to previous life experience, expectations of participation, and outcomes of participation were preconceived, but the analysis provided scope for an inductive approach to formulate additional themes.

Findings

Five of the participants had very high K10 scores, and scores above the norm for PCL-C, whilst one would be classified with an alcohol disorder. The qualitative analysis identified five higher order themes: Life experiences prior to participation in the IPP, Making a choice to participate in the IPP, Expectations of participation in the IPP, Impact of participation in the IPP, and Future Plans. There were perceptions that the IPP was beneficial for the participating veterans, irrespective of their physical and psychological health status. Participants described the positive impact of the IPP on their physical fitness, their social engagement, and their sense of belonging within the IPP and the university. Participants perceived the IPP to be an opportunity for them to ‘give back’ by contributing to the education of the students delivering the IPP. Participants reported the intention to continue being physically active. For some, this meant selection in an Invictus Games team, for others, this meant getting involved in community sporting organisations.

Conclusion

The Invictus Pathways Program has been shown to have a positive impact on the physical and psychological wellbeing of the veterans who participated in its initial stages. As the program evolves, the longitudinal impact of participation, for veterans and their families, will be assessed.
Increased collective migration correlates with germline stem cell competition in a basal chordate
Authors: Fentress Megan K. , De Tomaso Anthony W.
Published: October 2023

Cell competition is a process that compares the relative fitness of progenitor cells, resulting in winners, which contribute further to development, and losers, which are excluded, and is likely a universal quality control process that contributes to the fitness of an individual. Cell competition also has pathological consequences, and can create super-competitor cells responsible for tumor progression. We are studying cell competition during germline regeneration in the colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri. Germline regeneration is due to the presence of germline stem cells (GSCs) which have a unique property: a competitive phenotype. When GSCs from one individual are transplanted into another, the donor and recipient cells compete for germline development. Often the donor GSCs win, and completely replace the gametes of the recipient- a process called germ cell parasitism (gcp). gcp is a heritable trait, and winner and loser genotypes can be found in nature and reared in the lab. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying gcp are unknown. Using an ex vivo migration assay, we show that GSCs isolated from winner genotypes migrate faster and in larger clusters than losers, and that cluster size correlates with expression of the Notch ligand, Jagged. Both cluster size and jagged expression can be manipulated simultaneously in a genotype dependent manner: treatment of loser GSCs with hepatocyte growth factor increases both jagged expression and cluster size, while inhibitors of the MAPK pathway decrease jagged expression and cluster size in winner GSCs. Live imaging in individuals transplanted with labeled winner and loser GSCs reveal that they migrate to the niche, some as small clusters, with the winners having a slight advantage in niche occupancy. Together, this suggests that the basis of GSC competition resides in a combination in homing ability and niche occupancy, and may be controlled by differential utilization of the Notch pathway.
Use of psychological interventions among healthcare workers over the 2-year period following the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study
Authors: García-Vázquez Blanca , Martínez-Alés Gonzalo , Fernández-Jiménez Eduardo , Andreo-Jover Jorge , Moreno-Küstner Berta , Minué Sergio , Jaramillo Fabiola , Morán-Sánchez Inés , Martínez-Morata Irene , Ayuso-Mateos José Luis , Bayón Carmen , Bravo-Ortiz María-Fe , Mediavilla Roberto
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Although healthcare workers (HCWs) have reported mental health problems since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, they rarely use psychological support. Here, we described the use of psychological support among HCWs in Spain over the 2-year period following the initial pandemic outbreak and explore its association with workplace- and COVID-19-related factors measured at baseline, in 2020.

Materials and methods

We conducted a longitudinal study on HCWs working in Spain. We used an online survey to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, depressive symptoms, workplace- and COVID-19-related variables, and the use of psychological support at three time points (2020, 2021, and 2022). Data was available for 296, 294, and 251 respondents, respectively at time points 1, 2, and 3.

Results

Participants had a median age of 43 years and were mostly females (n = 242, 82%). The percentage of HCWs using psychological support increased from 15% in 2020 to 23% in 2022. Roughly one in four HCWs who did not use psychological support reported symptoms compatible with major depressive disorder at follow up. Baseline predictors of psychological support were having to make decisions about patients’ prioritisation (OR 5.59, 95% CI 2.47, 12.63) and probable depression (wave 2: OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06, 1.19; wave 3: OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04, 1.16).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that there is call for implementing mental health promotion and prevention strategies at the workplace, along with actions to reduce barriers for accessing psychological support.
Identification of the selected soil bacteria genera based on their geometric and dispersion features
Authors: Konopka Aleksandra , Kozera Ryszard , Sas-Paszt Lidia , Trzcinski Pawel , Lisek Anna
Published: October 2023

The visual analysis of microscopic images is often used for soil bacteria recognition in microbiology. Such task can be automated with the aid of machine learning and digital image processing techniques. The best results for soil microorganism identification usually rely on extracting features based on color. However, accommodating in the latter an extra impact of lighting conditions or sample’s preparation on classification accuracy is often omitted. In contrast, this research examines features which are insensitive to the above two factors by focusing rather on bacteria shape and their specific group dispersion. In doing so, the calculation of layout features resorts tok-means and mean shift methods. Additionally, the dependencies between specific distances determined from bacteria cells and the curvature of interpolated bacteria boundary are computed to extract vital geometric shape information. The proposed bacteria recognition tool involves testing four different classification methods for which the parameters are iteratively adjusted. The results obtained here for five selected soil bacteria genera:Enterobacter,Rhizobium,Pantoea,BradyrhizobiumandPseudomonasreach 85.14% classification accuracy upon combining both geometric and dispersion features. The latter forms a promising result as a substitutive tool for color-based feature classification.
Leopard density and the ecological and anthropogenic factors influencing density in a mixed-use landscape in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Hinde Kyle , Wilkinson Anita , Tokota Silindokuhle , Amin Rajan , O’Riain M. Justin , Williams Kathryn S.
Published: October 2023

Large carnivores face numerous threats, including habitat loss and fragmentation, direct killing, and prey depletion, leading to significant global range and population declines. Despite such threats, leopards (Panthera pardus) persist outside protected areas throughout most of their range, occupying diverse habitat types and land uses, including peri-urban and rural areas. Understanding of leopard population dynamics in mixed-use landscapes is limited, especially in South Africa, where the majority of leopard research has focused on protected areas. We use spatially explicit capture-recapture models to estimate leopard density across a mixed-use landscape of protected areas, farmland, and urban areas in the Overberg region of the Western Cape, South Africa. Data from 86 paired camera stations provided 221 independent captures of 25 leopards at 50 camera trap stations with a population density estimate of 0.64 leopards per 100 km2(95% CI: 0.55–0.73). Elevation, terrain ruggedness, and vegetation productivity were important drivers of leopard density in the landscape, being highest on elevated remnants of natural land outside of protected areas. These results are similar to previous research findings in other parts of the Western Cape, where high-lying natural vegetation was shown to serve as both a refuge and a corridor for leopard movement in otherwise transformed landscapes. Given the low leopard density and the prevalence of transformed land intermixed with patches of more suitable leopard habitat, prioritising and preserving connectivity for leopards is vital in this shared landscape. Ecological corridors should be developed in partnership with private landowners through an inclusive and multifaceted conservation strategy which also incorporates monitoring of and rapid mitigation of emerging threats to leopards.
Ethical and legal implications of implementing risk algorithms for early detection and screening for oesophageal cancer, now and in the future
Authors: Brigden Tanya , Mitchell Colin , Redrup Hill Elizabeth , Hall Alison
Published: October 2023

Background

Oesophageal cancer has significant morbidity and mortality but late diagnosis is common since early signs of disease are frequently misinterpreted. Project DELTA aims to enable earlier detection and treatment through targeted screening using a novel risk prediction algorithm for oesophageal cancer (incorporating risk factors of Barrett’s oesophagus including prescriptions for acid-reducing medications (CanPredict)), together with a non-invasive, low-cost sampling device (CytospongeTM). However, there are many barriers to implementation, and this paper identifies key ethical and legal challenges to implementing these personalised prevention strategies for Barrett’s oesophagus/oesophageal cancer.

Methods

To identify ethical and legal issues relevant to the deployment of a risk prediction tool for oesophageal cancer into primary care, we adopted an interdisciplinary approach, incorporating targeted informal literature reviews, interviews with expert collaborators, a multidisciplinary workshop and ethical and legal analysis.

Results

Successful implementation raises many issues including ensuring transparency and effective risk communication; addressing bias and inequity; managing resources appropriately and avoiding exceptionalism. Clinicians will need support and training to use cancer risk prediction algorithms, ensuring that they understand how risk algorithms supplement rather than replace medical decision-making. Workshop participants had concerns about liability for harms arising from risk algorithms, including from potential bias and inequitable implementation. Determining strategies for risk communication enabling transparency but avoiding exceptionalist approaches are a significant challenge. Future challenges include using artificial intelligence to bolster risk assessment, incorporating genomics into risk tools, and deployment by non-health professional users. However, these strategies could improve detection and outcomes.

Conclusions

Novel pathways incorporating risk prediction algorithms hold considerable promise, especially when combined with low-cost sampling. However immediate priorities should be to develop risk communication strategies that take account of using validated risk algorithms, and to ensure equitable implementation. Resolving questions about liability for harms arising should be a longer-term objective.
A film-based intervention to reduce child maltreatment among migrant and displaced families from Myanmar: Protocol of a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sim Amanda , Jirapramukpitak Tawanchai , Eagling-Peche Stephanie , Lwin Khaing Zar , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Gonzalez Andrea , Oo Nway Nway , Castello Mitjans Ivet , Soan Mary , Punpuing Sureeporn , Lee Catherine , Chuenglertsiri Pattraporn , Moo Th’Blay , Puffer Eve
Published: October 2023

Background

Child maltreatment is a global public health crisis with negative consequences for physical and mental health. Children in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC)–particularly those affected by poverty, armed conflict, and forced migration–may be at increased risk of maltreatment due to heightened parental distress and disruptions to social support networks. Parenting interventions have been shown to reduce the risk of child maltreatment as well as improve a range of caregiver and child outcomes, yet large-scale implementation remains limited in low-resource displacement settings. This study will examine the impact of an entertainment-education narrative film intervention on reducing physical and emotional abuse and increasing positive parenting among migrant and displaced families from Myanmar living in Thailand.

Method

The study is a pragmatic, superiority cluster randomized controlled trial with approximately 40 communities randomized to the intervention or treatment as usual arms in a 1:1 ratio. Participating families in the intervention arm will be invited to attend a community screening of the film intervention and a post-screening discussion, as well as receive a poster depicting key messages from the film. Primary outcomes are changes in physical abuse, emotional abuse, and positive parenting behaviour. Secondary outcomes include caregiver knowledge of positive parenting, caregiver attitudes towards harsh punishment, caregiver psychological distress, and family functioning. Outcomes will be assessed at 3 time points: baseline, 4 weeks post-intervention, and 4-month follow up. A mixed methods process evaluation will be embedded within the trial to assess intervention delivery, acceptability, perceived impacts, and potential mechanisms of change.

Discussion

To our knowledge, this study will be the first randomized controlled trial evaluation of a film-based intervention to reduce child maltreatment among migrant and displaced families in a LMIC. An integrated knowledge translation approach will inform uptake of study findings and application to potential scale up pending evaluation results.

Trial registration

The study was prospectively registered with the Thai Clinical Trials Registry on 22 February 2023 (TCTR20230222005).
Service trends and the forest-based sector – an analysis of wood construction, the bioeconomy and evolving product service systems
Authors:   University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Science, Forestry and Technology, School of Forest Sciences, Pelli Päivi
Published: October 2023

This thesis examines service trends in the operating environment of the forest-based sector on the level of companies and the evolving industrial production systems. The analytical framework is based on sociotechnical transitions research and service research knowledge bases on services and ongoing organizational changes in production and the markets. Three empirical studies have been conducted to detect service trends by investigating: 1) role of services in the European RDI roadmaps of the forest-based sector and parallel industries, 2) distribution of value and business model changes in the supply networks of industrial wood construction, and 3) market offerings and service innovation in sustainable housing construction projects in Finland. The empirical studies demonstrate evolving product service systems (PSS) in the further downstream customers of the forest-based sector, exemplified here by the construction sector. A game changing question for the forest-based sector is whether its industries and organizations focus on serving the PSS of today or whether they will seek to contribute to the next generation of PSS solutions, exemplified here by the potential for system change in construction regime. None of today’s PSS models alone capture the future PSS, but alternative scenarios are needed and assessment of their implications for the forest-based sector and future bioeconomy.
Practical Collaboration System for the Realization of Carbon Neutrality
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Yeom Woo
Published: October 2023

This study aims to make a theoretical consideration of the climate environment crisis and collaborative governance to overcome it. Climate crisis has emerged as a representative environmental problem that threatens the survival of mankind. In order to overcome the climate crisis, the IPCC suggested that the global average temperature increase should be suppressed within 1.5℃, and that 2050 carbon neutrality should be realized for this purpose. The international community is seeking a major transition to a decarbonized economic and social structure such as energy conversion and the Green New Deal policy. Response to the climate crisis and transition to a green society can be achieved through extensive civic participation and collaboration from various social groups. In the Chungbuk region, various practical collaboration activities have been carried out to realize carbon neutrality. In this study, implications were derived by collecting five cases of systematic practical collaboration activities promoted in Chungbuk and comparing and analyzing the evaluation results. Based on this, the direction of the carbon neutral policy in Chungbuk and the establishment of a practical collaboration system for realizing carbon neutrality were proposed.
MENJADI IBU TERBAIK: KONTESTASI WEST & ORIENT MOTHER DALAM TERJEMAHAN LITTLE FIRES EVERYWHERE
Authors: Kusumaningrum Ayu Fitri
Published: October 2023

Orientalism is synonymous with the Western male view of Eastern men and women. The discourse of Orientalism is a masculine discourse that rarely portrays women, especially mothers, as subjects of analysis. The problem of this research lies in the Orientalist discourse in the Indonesian version of the novel "Little Fires Everywhere" by Celeste Ng, which is approached from the viewpoint of women, particularly mothers, resulting in a contest to become the best mother. The mothers in this novel are divided into two categories: the West mother, represented by Elena Richardson, and the Orient mother, represented by Mia Warren. This study aims to reveal the contestation between the West and Orient mothers. This research uses a qualitative method, and the theoretical framework used is Orientalism, as proposed by Edward W. Said. This research found latent Orientalism in the West mother's perspective towards the Orient mother, resulting in competition to become the best mother figure. This research also found that both mothers failed to become the best mothers for their children, whether from the West or the Orient.
PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM MELALUI PEMBENTUKAN UNDANG-UNDANG PAYUNG OTONOMI DAERAH UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL
Authors: Wibawa Kadek Cahya Susila
Published: October 2023

Perubahan Pasal 18 UUDNRI 1945 membawa konsekuensi perubahan paradigma penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah di Indonesia. Secara tersirat amanat UUDNRI 1945 Indonesia menganut otonomi asimetris. Dalam perjalanan ketatanegaraan, Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 sebagai dasar hukum penyelenggaraan otonomi dinilai masih belum memenuhi nafas otonomi dalam UUDNRI 1945. Persoalan lain yang muncul terkait belum terakomodasinya undang-undang payung sebagai dasar hukum utama di bawah UUDNRI 1945 terkait kebijakan otonomi asimetris. Pembaharuan hukum otonomi daerah melalui pembentukan undang-undang payung otonomi daerah merupakan hal yang penting dilakukan untuk menjamin kesejahteraan sosial. Konstruksi ideal undang-undang payung otonomi daerah, bahwa pengaturannya bersifat umum (lex generalis); menganut prinsip-prinsip yang sejalan dengan Pasal 18 UUDNRI 1945; titik berat otonomi sebaiknya bersifat dinamis dan konstruktif; serta pembentukan Badan Otonomi Daerah yang bertugas untuk membantu Presiden di bidang penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah.
Rabbit model for the study of nasal tip plasty: a comparative cephalometric analysis after rhinoplasty
Authors: Kim Myung-Good , Ryu Jeong-Ho , Lee Dong Min , Park Tae-Seo , Choi Ji-An
Published: October 2023

Background Open rhinoplasty and septoplasty have emerged as popular surgical techniques for both functional and aesthetic procedures. To study open rhinoplasty with or without septoplasty, the use of animals is necessary. However, no reports have been published on radiologic methods for evaluating rhinoplasty or nasal tip plasty in animals using cephalometry. In this study, a validated model of open rhinoplasty and septoplasty was utilized in rabbits to establish radiographic guidelines for assessing the degree of tip plasty in these animals.Methods Eight adult New Zealand rabbits were used to establish an autologous septal extension graft (SEG) model. The rabbits underwent concurrent submucosal septal resection and open rhinoplasty. The SEG was implanted using nasal septal cartilage. To evaluate the results of nasal tip plasty, lateral-view X-ray images were obtained preoperatively, as well as 2 days, 2 months, and 12 months postoperatively.Results This open rhinoplasty rabbit model appears to be a practical tool for studying open rhinoplasty and tip plasty, demonstrating statistically significant results following SEG implantation. Furthermore, it is suitable for training purposes, specifically for the submucosal resection of septal cartilage.Conclusions This study presents a statistical analysis of the long-term (1-year) postoperative results of SEG implantation, using experimental procedures like those utilized in humans. Through a cephalometric comparison of rabbit noses, the effect of various SEG and tip plasty methods on the rabbit nose can be objectively measured.
Does the dominant hand’s use affect the complication rates in prosthetic breast reconstruction?
Authors: Jeong Seong Heum , Hwang Euna , Ha Hyun Jeong , Kim Tae Hyun , Kim Deok-Yeol , Kim Chung Hun , Kim Suk Wha , Ahn Hee Chang
Published: October 2023

Background Numerous studies have investigated risk factors for unfavorable outcomes in prosthetic breast reconstruction, such as obesity, perioperative radiotherapy, and acellular dermal matrix use. However, no reports have explored whether the use of the dominant hand influences complications in breast reconstruction. To address this gap in the literature, analyzed complication rates between the dominant and non-dominant sides after reconstruction.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 160 patients (170 breasts) who underwent breast reconstruction from February 2017 to March 2022. We analyzed the complications between beasts on the dominant and non-dominant sides according to the reconstruction method.Results During prosthetic breast reconstruction, the drainage volume and duration on the dominant side exceeded those on the non-dominant side after reconstruction (duration: 9.79 days on the dominant side vs. 9.12 days on the non-dominant side, P=0.196; volume: 771.1 mL on the dominant side vs. 654.3 mL on the non-dominant side, P=0.027). The incidence of complications such as wound dehiscence, mastectomy flap necrosis, and infection was significantly higher in the dominant hand group (infection: 6 vs. 0, P=0.014; dehiscence: 15 vs. 4, P=0.009; flap necrosis: 13 vs. 4, P=0.024).Conclusions Complications including seroma, infection, and mastectomy skin flap necrosis following prosthetic reconstruction were common in breasts on the dominant-hand side. Therefore, meticulous management and restriction of shoulder movement can aid in preventing seroma-related complications in prosthetic breast reconstruction, especially on the side of the dominant hand.
Reconstruction of a medium-sized congenital melanocytic nevus defect using a thin thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap: a case report
Authors: Park Yunsung , Kwon Hyeokjae , Kim Sunje , Song Seung Han , Oh Sang-Ha , Ha Yooseok
Published: October 2023

Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a benign condition that either is present at birth or develops in the first weeks of life. Surgical removal is typically performed to improve cosmetic appearance and reduce the risk of malignant transformation. In this report, we present the case of a 26-year-old woman with a medium-sized CMN on her left breast. The nevus measured 14×8 cm, and the patient desired a single-stage excision. However, this approach would result in a large skin defect that would be challenging to reconstruct using a local flap or skin graft. Moreover, it could potentially compromise the maintenance of natural sagging and the contour of the breast. Consequently, we opted to place a thin thoracodorsal artery perforator free flap following the removal of the CMN. The patient was satisfied with the overall surgical results. By utilizing this free flap for reconstruction, we successfully preserved the natural shape and contour of the breast without complications such as postoperative hypertrophic scarring or contracture at the recipient site.
Design, synthesis, and antiproliferative activity of novel 1,2,4-triazole-chalcone compounds
Authors: Li Jinjing , Fan Pingping , Liu Yuxiao , Zhao Yan , Shi Chengyang , Zhou Shujing , Qiu Hongbin
Published: October 2023

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazole-chalcone compounds 10a–10s were designed by molecular hybridization strategy and synthesized. The molecular structures of the novel chalcones were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS. The anti-proliferative activities of the novel chalcones against four cancer cell lines in vitro were examined by MTT, four tumor cell lines including human colon cancer cell SW620, human non-small cell lung cancer cell A549, human cervical cancer cell HeLa, and human breast cancer cell MCF-7. Compound 10o showed certain selectivity to SW620 cell line, and its IC50 value was 21.55 μM. 10q had good anti-proliferative activity against A549 cells with an IC50 value of 25.58 μM.
Ionospheric TEC modeling using COSMIC-2 GNSS radio occultation and artificial neural networks over Egypt
Authors: Sherif Ahmed , Rabah Mostafa , Mousa Ashraf El-Kutb , Zaki Ahmed , Anwar Mohamed , Sedeek Ahmed
Published: October 2023

The ionospheric delay significantly impacts GNSS positioning accuracy. To address this, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed using the high-quality COSMIC-2 ionospheric profile dataset to predict the Total Electron Content (TEC). ANNs are adept at addressing both linear and nonlinear challenges. For this research, eight distinct ANNs were cultivated. These ANNs were designed with the following inputs Year, Month, Day, Hour, Latitude, and Longitude. Along with solar and geomagnetic parameters such as the F10.7 solar radio flux index, the Sunspot Number (SSN), the Kp index, and the ap index. The goal was to discern the most influential parameters on ionosphere prediction. After pinpointing these key parameters, an enhanced model utilizing a pioneering technique of a secondary ANN was employed with the main ANN to predict TEC values for events in 2023. The study’s findings indicate that solar parameters markedly enhance the model’s accuracy. Notably, the augmented model featuring a prelude secondary network achieved a stellar correlation coefficient of 0.99. Distributionally, 41 % of predictions aligned within the (−1≤ ΔTEC ≤1) TECU spectrum, 28 % nestled within the (1< ΔTEC ≤2) and (−2≤ ΔTEC <−1) TECU ambit, while a substantial 30 % spanned the broader (2< ΔTEC ≤5) and (−5≤ ΔTEC <−2) TECU range. In essence, this research underscores the potential of incorporating solar parameters and advanced neural network techniques to refine ionospheric delay predictions, thus boosting GNSS positioning precision.
A Tóth József témavezetésével PhD-fokozatot szerzett tanítványok – a földrajz talentumai, avagy a talentumok földrajza
Authors:   University of Pécs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Győri Ferenc
Published: October 2023

József Tóth was an outstanding figure in Hungarian geography. This article aims to present his scientific talent management at the University of Pécs through the data of his PhD students (n=63). During the analysis we used university publications and electronic databases, as well as Spearman’s correlation calculation, independent T-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Chi-squared test to explore the relationships. The largest proportion of students were born and worked in the Southern Great Plain, North Hungary and Transdanubia, however the winner of the regional talent migration is Transdanubia. The professional openness of the professor is reflected in the topic selection of the dissertations completed under his supervision. His students, carrying on his intellectual heritage, are still active in scientific publishing. The charismatic personality, world view and professional knowledge of the head of doctoral school are manifested in the diversity and academic performance of his former students.
Yong-ahm Park Woon’s Life and Neo-Confucianism
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Choi Young-sung
Published: October 2023

Yong-ahm Park Woon (1493~1562) was a Neo-Confucian scholar from Seon-san, Gyeong-sang province living in the mid-age of Joseon dynasty. He passed a national exam of recruiting loyal servants but decided not to become a loyal servant, and then he had devoted himself for discipline for about 40 years. In 1646, he was enshrined in Nak-bong Confucian school located in Seon-san and positioned as a Neo-Confucian scholar representing Seon-san. Even if he did not gain a nationwide reputation, he had a large academic influence in the northern area of Gyeong-sang province. Since 50, he had written Neo-Confucianism related books especially for study of mind such as 『GyeokMongPyeon (擊蒙編)』 and 『JaYangSimHakJiRon (紫陽心學至論)』, which firstly played the role of a guide book and an introduction book for beginners. However, 『GyeokMongPyeon』 was for beginning of study while 『JaYangSimHak- JiRon』 for achievement of study. Therefore, these two books are combined; one for the former part and the other for the latter part, which means that they were written by design. Such two books of his are important data f or Neo-C onfucian h istory o f Joseon dynasty. They are highly positioned in the aspect that they suggest the way of studying for those who want to study Neo-Confucianism. His contribution to the history of Neo-Confucianism cannot be ignored.