bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Território e o Desenvolvimento de Fitomedicamentos no Brasil
Authors: Teixeira P. C. C. , Villas Boas G. K.
Published: November 2021

Brazil has great diversity in its flora, what it means competitive advantage in the development of phytomedicines. Existing biodiversity in its several biomes (Caatinga, Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, Amazon and Pampa) makes possible that the country develops science and technology in the drugs production of vegetal origin. It is approached quarrel where the knowledge is seen as a process of innovation not to only make possible the distribution of benefits taking care of to the necessities human beings and the necessities of the market. From the rescue of the not legitimated experiences of the man of the field and the forest it is possible to understand the innovation as social process. This paper presents a discussion of the concept of territory, territoriality, networks, globalization and knowledge as a contribution in the production of phytomedicines of vegetable in Brazil and aims to understand innovation in the social process and the training of local productive and innovative Places such as promoters of economic development and sustainability of Brazilian biomes.
Photoperiod and its relationship to sheep reproduction
Authors: Ramírez Ramírez Anayansi Ivette , Delgado Tiburcio Guadalupe Idilia , Cruz-Espinoza Francisco , Herrera-Corredor Alejandra C . , Gallegos-Sánchez Jaime
Published: November 2021

Objective: To describe the seasonal variations throughout the year (day length), as one of the main environmental cues used by ewes to determine the most favorable time for breeding.
Design/methodology/approach: A description of the main factors affecting ewe reproduction (photoperiod, suckling, postpartum period, nutrition, sociosexual effects) was assessed by a review of documentary information.
Results: The inhibition of reproductive activity during one time of the year is a common process in most animal species to prevent births from occurring at an unfavorable time for the survival of the offspring. The seasonality of reproduction (northern latitude) allows births to occur in late winter or early spring when climatic conditions are the most favorable for the offspring development.
Limitations/implications: The duration of the anestrus season (seasonal or postpartum) is influenced by the photoperiod and other factors. In Mexico, a small percentage of Criollo and Pelibuey ewes show a short duration of seasonal anestrus; that is, they show almost continuous annual reproductive activity. Therefore, to improve the reproductive efficiency of ewes, it is important to precisely determine the factors that affect their reproduction to improve management and increase the profits in the production units.
Findings/Conclusions: Photoperiod is the main environmental factor regulating the annual reproductive cycle of the ewes, it occurs through very complex and varied mechanisms that communicate the visual system with the gonads through nervous and endocrine pathways.
Animal welfare during transport and slaughter of beef cattle
Authors: Castro de Jesús Jair , Ortega-Cerrilla María E. , Herrera-Haro José G. , Hernández-Cazares Aleida S. , Ayala-Rodríguez Julio M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: To review how transport and stunning of cattle affect animal welfare.
Approach: During the transport of beef cattle to slaughter plants, several factors affect animal welfare, such as travel time, stress, and load density. Additionally, the correct stunning of cattle helps comply with the animal welfare guidelines established by different protocols such as Welfare Quality®.
Study limitations/Implications: Meat quality is affected by several factors, being of utmost importance the way animals are transported to the slaughterhouse, and they are stunned. Therefore, it is critical to perform these stages properly to obtain good quality meat; besides, it is a welfare issue.
Conclusions: It is critical to comply with transport and slaughter procedures that guarantee good beef meat quality and ensure animal welfare to avoid stress in cattle as possible.
Field production of Kale (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) with different nutrition sources
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ MENDOZA MARÍA DE LAS NIEVES , Mora-Bautista Marco Antonio , García Cué José Luis , Sánchez Escudero Julio , Etchevers Barra Jorge Dionisio
Published: November 2021

Objective: Quantify the development and production of kale (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala cultivar “dwarf blue curled”) in field conditions with organic and mineral fertilization.
Design / methodology: Kale was sown in a field in a completely rando design with five treatments and five repetitions per treatment (mineral soil fertilization, organic soil fertilization, mineral soil fertilization and foliar fertilization, organic soil fertilization and foliar fertilization and a control). After transplanting (dat) every 15 days in situ, the number of leaves was quantified and the phenological stages of the crop were identified. At 116 dat, with destructive sampling, the number length, fresh weight, resistance to penetration and ascorbic acid content in the kale leaves were quantified.
Results: The growth kinetics of the plants in the organic soil and foliar fertilization excelled, compared to the other treatments. In the cuttings, 1.5 to 3 bunches per plant were obtained, the resistance increased in leaves with organic products. Ascorbic acid increased in the leaves with all fertilizations.
Limitations implications: limited knowledge in the crop´s management.
Conclusions: Kale is a crop that responds to different fertilization sources.  Organic soil and foliar fertilization are alternatives for kale agroecological production, It´s a vegetable scarcely grown in Mexico. The crop can be produced in the Texcoco area.
Hedonic perception and preference analysis of double cream cheeses formulated with raw and pasteurized milk
Authors: Castillo Mercado R. A , Ramos-Juárez J. A. , Bucio Galindo A. , Herrera-Corredor J.A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: To compare the characteristics of double cream cheeses made with raw and pasteurized milk per liking and preference level.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Cheeses from three brands were evaluated: Santa Teresa, Montero, and Colegio de Postgraduados (CP). The first two cheeses were formulated with raw milk, while the CP cheese was formulated with pasteurized milk inoculated with lactic cultures. The hedonic perception study was carried out in monadic series with 19 volunteers who blind tasted the three types of cheese. The evaluation attributes were: appearance, taste, aroma, and general acceptability on a 9-point scale; and saltiness, acidity, and creaminess on a 3-point scale (JAR). Preferences were evaluated by rank and multiple comparison tests.
Results: No differences were found in the aroma, taste, and texture liking level of the cheeses (p>0.05); nevertheless, there were differences in the appearance and general acceptance (p˂0.05). The general acceptance of the CP cheese was significantly lower than that of the two raw milk cheeses (p˂0.05). The penalty analysis showed that low acidity and low creaminess attributes are related to a low general acceptance (p˂0.05).
Limitations/Implications: The study has enough evaluations for statistical tests.
Findings/Conclusions: Raw milk cheeses obtained the highest marks in all attributes. Determining if there are other sensory attributes —in addition to those that were the subject of this study— will help to explain the greater preference and global acceptance of raw milk cheeses.
Farmer Business School Participation in Ghana: Implications for Market Orientation, Entrepreneurial Proclivity and Livelihood Performance
Authors: Tham-Agyekum Enoch Kwame , Nimoh Fred , Bakang John-Eudes , Ebenezer Osei Jones , Amankwah Kwadwo , Okorley Ernest Laryea , Kwarteng Joseph
Published: November 2021

The study assumes that participation in the Farmer Business School (FBS) gives the cocoa farmer an advantage over the non-participants. The following objectives were set to give an overall appreciation of the research; determine the extent to which participation in the FBS has influenced the market orientation of the cocoa farmers, determine the extent to which participation in the FBS has influenced the entrepreneurial proclivity of cocoa farmers and determine the extent to which participation in the FBS has influenced the livelihood of the cocoa farmers. With this in mind, 600 cocoa farmers were sampled in Ghana using the multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and the independent sample t-test. The results show that participation in the Farmer Business School indeed gives the cocoa farmers an advantage; market orientation (p<0.05), an entrepreneurial proclivity (p<0.05), and livelihood outcomes (p<0.05). There is a need to continually strengthen activities that promote these three key areas.
DETERMINAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA: ANALISIS PENDEKATAN MAQASID SYARIAH AL-GHAZALI (STUDI KASUS: 5 PROVINSI INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR TAHUN 2010 -2018)
Authors: Bahtiar Yusuf , Hannase Mulawarman
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui determinan yang mempengaruhi Determinan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di 5 Provinsi Indonesia Bagian Timur Tahun 2010-2018.Penelitian ini menggunakan data time series dan cross-section tahunan pada tahun 2010-2018 pada 5 Provinsi Indonesia Bagian Timur. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan analisis datapanel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model (FEM) dengan pendekatan Maqasid Syariah AlGhazali. Variabel penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah indeks pembangunan manusia sebagaivariabel dependen. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah anggaran kesehatan, anggaran Pendidikan, Pendapatan perkapita, indeks gini, dan total populasi pada 5 Provinsi Indonesia bagian timur. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa Variabel Ḥifẓ Nafs dan Variabel Ḥifẓ Māl pertama berpengaruh negatif terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Manusia di 5 Provinsi Indonesia Bagian Timur Tahun 2010-2018. Sedangkan Ḥifẓ ‘Aql dan Variabel Ḥifẓ Māl elemen kedua berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di 5 Provinsi Indonesia Bagian Timur Tahun 2010-2018.
Dampak Stock Split terhadap Abnormal Return dengan Pendekatan Event Study pada Emiten yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Fauzi Achmad Azis , Mutasowifin Ali
Published: November 2021

Investing in stock instruments in the capital market is interesting for many investors, both local and foreign. However, when the price of stocks is considered too expensive, that will reduce the purchasing power of investors towards these shares and the liquidity of the shares will decrease as well that will impact the decreasing returns of investors. Overcoming this condition, companies often take corporate action in the form of a stock split. This study analyzes the effect of stock split on abnormal returns of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019. Using a purposive sampling method (nonprobability sampling) we obtained 34 companies as a research sample. We use the event study approach for data processing in finding abnormal returns and t-test as well. This study classifies samples into two categories, complex sample category, and sectoral industries. The result shows that for the complex category, there are three out of eleven days of events that have an impact on abnormal returns marked by the t-test results greater than t-table. Whereas in each sectoral industries there are only five affected sectors, three unaffected sectors and one sector cannot be tested due to insufficient data. This result is also consistent with theories related to the stock split, signaling theory, and trading range theory.
EARNING PER SHARE, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO DAN PRICE EARNING RATIO TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN FARMASI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2014 – 2018
Authors: Salaste Ibel , Nurlaela Siti , Suhendro Suhendro
Published: November 2021

The development of the health world will certainly have a positive impact for shareholders especially in pharmaceutical companies, this is reflected by the Government's support that provides ease and incentives in the form of tax deductions and import duties borne by the Government to attract investments. With these opportunities will certainly affect the price of stocks in pharmaceutical companies including the financial performance. Financial performance can be seen from several financial ratios, earning per share, debt to equity, and price earning ratio. Samples on this study were as many as 7 companies for 5 years so in 35 can sample. The results of this study simultaneously all variables in this study have an effect on the stock price. Both EPS and PER variables affect the stock price, while the DER variables negatively affect the share price.
PENGARUH ORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN, ASET STRATEJIK, MANAJEMEN RANTAI PASOKAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEMILIK UMKM DENGAN MEDIASI KEUNGGULAN BERSAING (STUDI PADA UMKM MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN DI SURABAYA)
Authors: Muljaningsih Sri
Published: November 2021

Kinerja merupakan salah satu masalah penting yang harus dilakukan oleh pemilik. Pemilik akan selalu berusaha meningkatkan kinerjanya. Untuk mewujudukan tujuan yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Orientasi Kewirausahaan, Aset Stratejik, dan Manajemen Rantai Pasokan terhadap Kinerja Pemilik UMKM melalui Keunggulan Bersaing.

Sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh UKM yang terdaftar di Dinas Perdagangan Kota Surabaya berjumlah 35 pemilik dan pengelola UMKM makanan dan minuman. Teknik sampling menggunakan metode sensus. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS).

Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Orientasi Kewirausahaan tidak memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pemilik UMKM;

Aset Stratejik dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pemilik UMKM;

Manajemen Rantai Pasokan tidak memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pemiliuk UMKM; (4) Orientasi Kewirausahaan memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pemilik UMKM melalui keunggulan bersaing; (5) Aset stratejik memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pemilik UMKM melalui keunggulan bersaing; (6) Manajemen Rantai Pasokan memberikan kontribusi terhadap kinerja pemilik UMKM melalui keunggulan
White Coat Hypertension in Aircrew: Diagnosis and Clinical Implications
Authors: Ahsan Mohammad Ahmed , Rahman Md Fashiur , Munir Umar Rashed , Ahmad Mushtaq , Sultana Syeda Aleya
Published: November 2021

Introduction: When there is a difference of patient's blood pressure (BP) which is measured in a physician's office and patient’s home, it is said to have White Coat Hypertension (WCH). Prevalence of WCH is very much common among aircrew, because they need to face everyday preflight medical checkup.
Objective: To find out the incidence of WCH among the aircrew of Bangladesh Air Force (BAF) as well as to ascertain the long-term clinical implications of WCH.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 150 aircrew, reported to Central Medical Board (CMB), Bangladesh Air Force (BAF) for periodical medical evaluation, during the period January 2014 to December 2018. Study subjects were selected purposively with age range 25-50 years; those who did not have any history of hypertension or received any anti-hypertensive medication but were detected elevated BP having clinical recording of BP ≥ 140/90 mm of Hg. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed on them for 24 hours in order to distinguish between those who were truly hypertensive and those who were suffering from WCH. To exclude secondary causes of hypertension as well as to assess for evidence of target organ damage (TOD), a thorough clinical and laboratory examination as well as regular follow-up were also performed.
Results: White Coat Hypertension was observed in 26.7% of the aircrew. There was no evidence of target organ involvement, such as left ventricular dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertensive retinopathy or renal involvement.
Conclusion: WCH is comparatively common among the aircrew. This highlights the importance of the requirement for regular follow up of all cases of WCH, over the normotensive subjects with a view to identify early organ involvement and therapeutic intervention are often initiated as and once needed.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 14-17
Outcome of Obstructive Jaundice Patients after Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Rahman Md Anisur , Begum Most Umme Habiba , Hossain Md Delwar , Rhamn SM Mizanur , Islam SM Shahedul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Obstructive jaundice is frequently encountered worldwide including Bangladesh. Therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the procedures to manage obstructive jaundice.
Objectives: To ascertain the outcome of obstructive jaundice patients who underwent ERCP.
Materials and Methods: It was a hospital based cross sectional observational study, carried out in Gastroenterology Department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka from May 2017 to May 2019. Total 200 patients were included in the study. Verbal consents were taken from patients. Data were collected with a checklist and analyzed by using SPSS 20.
Results: Total 200 patients’ mean age±SD was 56.5±14.5 years with range 21 to 92 years and majority were 41 to 60 years 80(40%) followed by 61 to 80 years 78(39%). Etiology of obstructive jaundice were, benign 137(68.5%) and malignant 63(31.5%). Among the benign: 69(34.5%) were choledocholithiasis, 45(22.5%) biliary stricture, 20(10.0%) papillary stenosis and 3(1.5%) biliary warms. Among the malignant: 24(12.0%) were distal cholangiocarcinoma, 21(10.5%) periampullary tumors, 10(5.0%) Klatskin tumor, 4(2.0%) carcinoma head of pancreas, and 4(2.0%) other malignancy. Mean serum bilirubin level 17.6 mg/dl with minimum 0.6mg/dl, maximum 41.3mg/dl; mean alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level 351.4U/L with minimum 111U/L and maximum 1262U/L; mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level 118.8 U/L with minimum 28 U/L, maximum 521 U/L; ERCP were successfully done in 188(94.0%) patients with single attempt 171 (85.5%), repeated sessions 17(8.5%) and 12(6.0%) patients unsuccessful ERCP; complications occurred in 17(8.5%)patients, of whom post-ERCP pancreatitis 9(4.5%) and post procedure cholangitis 4(2.0%)patients.
Conclusion: Benign etiologies of obstructive jaundice were more common than malignant one. Both benign and malignant etiology of obstructive jaundice can be successfully managed with ERCP with few complications.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 27-30
Comparison of Outcome of Appendectomy: Laparoscopic versus Open Surgery in Combined Military Hospital, Savar
Authors: Iqbal Mohammad Faruq , Chowdhury Arif Imtiyaz , Rushdi Aziz Sharkar
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Open appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy are two modalities in the treatment of appendicitis. Superiority of one over another is not clear.
Objectives: To compare per-operative and post operative outcomes between open and laparoscopic appendectomy.
Material and Methods: Prospective comparative study was conducted on patients with acute appendicitis who underwent open appendectomy (OA) (n=43) or laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) (n=59) from October 2018 to October 2019 in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Savar. The two groups were compared in respect to patients' characteristics, duration of operation, operative findings, post operative pain, return of peristalsis, resume of oral feeding, post operative complications, return to activities and cosmesis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed using independent sample t test and chi-square test respectively and p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There was no statistical difference regarding patient characteristics between the two groups except total leukocyte count (TLC) and neutrophil count, both were higher in OA group (p<0.001). LA group was associated with less post operative pain (p<0.001), early resume of oral feed (OA-34.74±8.34 minutes vs LA-24.51±6.13 minutes; p<0.01), early return to light work (OA-4.26±1.3 days vs LA-2.53±0.7 days; p<0.001), heavy work (OA-66.93+19.38 days vs LA-37.36+10.02 days; p<0.001) and better cosmesis (highly satisfied in LA group 96.6% vs 30.2% in OA group). No significant difference was seen in duration of operation (50±13.72 and 53.31±7.69 minutes in OA and LA groups respectively; p>0.05). There was no significant difference in post operative complications (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Laparoscopic appendectomy was found clearly superior to open appendectomy in terms of less post operative pain, early resume of oral feed, early return to light and heavy works and better cosmetic result. Both procedures are comparable in terms of duration of operation and post operative complications.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 51-54
Risk Factors and Management of Unexplained Limb Pain among Growing Children in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Yousuf Hosne Ara , Quadir Md Ershad Ul
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Recurrent lower limb pain (growing pain) is the most common presenting problem of children referred to pediatric rheumatology clinics. The exact nature and aetiology still remains unclear despite the various hypotheses and theories presented in the international literature. Parents become apprehensive as physician are unsure regarding accurate diagnosis of unexplained limb pain.
Objectives: To determine the risk factors of unexplained limb pain in growing children and measures taken for their management.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 60 children of 3 to 12 years who presented with unexplained limb pains between July to December, 2012 in Paediatric OPD of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Dhaka.
Results: Mean age of the respondents was 7.4 years. Prevalence of growing pain was 75%, overweight 13.3% and obesity was 15.6%. The calf (37.3%) was the most common affected site for pain and in 68.3% and 31.7% cases pain occurred during night and evening respectively. Pain frequency was as follows: daily 8%; weekly 48%; monthly 31%; and every 3 months 13%. Growing Pain usually occur at slow growing period (80.4%) than rapid growing period (19.6%). The main therapeutic approach was massaging (84.4%) the painful limbs and to a lesser extent, the intake of oral anti-inflammatory agents (31.1%). All patients had laboratory tests within normal values.
Conclusions: Growing pain (GP) is a frequent non-inflammatory syndrome that is relatively common in children and usually benign. It commonly affects the lower extremities of children. Precise history taking and physical examination makes clinical diagnosis easier. Patients’ and family eassurance is of utmost importance in management of GP.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 59-62
Peptic Ulcer Diseases in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension: Experience in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Moben Ahmed Lutful , Kafee Md Abdullahel , Kabir Md Jahangir , Raha Arunanagshu , Majid Farjana , Razzak Md Abdur
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Cirrhosis of liver and peptic ulcer disease (PUD) are very common in Bangladesh. PUD may coexist with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Haematemesis and melaena in cirrhosis of liver are not always from ruptured oesophageal varices; rather it may be due to bleeding peptic ulcer disease.
Objective: To find the prevalence of PUD among patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 96 patients of cirrhosis of liver diagnosed with oesophageal varices at endoscopy unit of Kurmitola general hospital, during endoscopic evaluations in 4 months period from september 2017 to december 2017.
Results: Total cirrhotic patients enrolled were 96 (M=61, F=35), mean age was 51.8 ± 14.2 yrs (18-86years). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was the leading cause of cirrhosis in 54.1%, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) 5.2 %, proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) were 11.5% and rest were from unknown aetiology. Their average Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score were 8.6 (12-5), 37.6% associated with portal hypertensive gastropathy. Grade-III oesophageal varices found in 52 patients, whereas grade-II in 25 patients. Among this 96 patients 39 (40.6%) revealed peptic ulcer disease more in the form of gastric ulcer (n=23) than duodenal ulcer (n=10) and both (n=6). Most of the ulcers belonged to Forrest class III (76.9%).
Conclusions: Variceal bleeding and portal hypertensive gastropathy are the common causes of bleeding and anaemia in patients with cirrhosis of liver. Peptic ulcer disease has been found to be one of the potential causes of haematemesis, melaena, and anaemia among these patients in Bangladesh. Large multicenter controlled studies are needed to confirm the reports.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 68-71
Socio-demographic and Clinical Profile of Covid-19 in Children
Authors: Noman Farhana , Ahmed Jamil , Wahab Md Abdul , Hasnat Ferdousi , Anne Rifat Taher
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease. Infection by COVID-19 in children is not so common but gradually the numbers of children affected with COVID-19 are increasing day by day. The epidemiological importance and clinical pattern in children with COVID-19 is now a challenge to be described by the clinicians.
Objectives: To describe socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infected children.
Material and Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted among 58 COVID-19 children who were admitted in COVID-19 dedicated Kurmitola General Hospital (KGH), Dhaka from March 2020 to July 2020. Their signs, symptoms, sex, age distribution, laboratory results and familial contact were analyzed.
Results: Among 58 most of the children (63.8%) were in school going age (5-15years). The number of female (39) was more than male (19) and female-male ratio was 1:0.48. Most of the children (75.9%) came from urban lower middle socioeconomic group. About 84.4% children were affected from family member. Among all, (8.6%) patients had no symptoms. Main symptoms of the children were cough (36.2%), only fever (22.4%), fever with cough (8.62%) and diarrhoea (5.2%). About 12.06% of the children had additional symptoms including sore throat, nasal congestion, fatigue, headache, body ache, vomiting, abdominal pain, convulsion and rash, 6.9% had respiratory distress and one child came with convulsion. About 12.1% patients showed lymphopenia, 18.9% showed leucopenia, 13.8% patient had neutrophillia. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and serum ferritin were high in only 12.1% and 8.6% cases respectively. There were 29.3% patients who had normal Chest X-Ray and 58.6% had mild lesion, 8.6% had bilateral consolidation and 3.4% had patchy opacities.
Conclusions: COVID-19 is not so common in children and usually presents with mild form or no sign symptoms clinically and by laboratory analysis. But it is noteworthy that they may play role in transmission of disease.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 72-75
A Study on Seasonal Variation of Bell’s Palsy in a District Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Das Panchanan , Chowdhury Nazmul Hasan , Hasan Abdullah Al , Kalam Azad Mohammad Abul , Ilias ANM
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Bell’s palsy is a common cranial neuropathy causing acute onset of unilateral lower motor neuron type of seventh cranial nerve palsy that result in ipsilateral facial muscle weakness. The aim of this study was to determine the possible correlation of Bell’s palsy and seasonal influence in a district area of Bangladesh.
Materials & Methods: This is an observational study in which we collect, compiled and analyzed the patients information who attended in outpatient department of neuromedicine unit at Cumilla medical college hospital Cumilla from January 2018 to December 2019.
Results: In our study, out of 214 patients male were 117(54.7%) and female were 97(45.3%). Age range from 4 to 90 yrs, median age was 40.0±17.6 Number of patients with Bell’s palsy presented in various seasons include 44% during winter, 35% during summer, 9% during fall monsoon and 12% during autumn period. We analyzed the data by using Mean±SD and chi-square test. A significant association was evident in winter and summer season (P=0.04 and P=0.045) respectively.
Conclusion: In our present study we found significant relation between seasonal variation and occurrence of Bell’s palsy.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 129-132
Correlation of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness with Age, Body Mass Index and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Kaiser Amir Mohammad , Islam Rafi Nazrul , Mozaffor Miliva , Feroz Salahuddin , Rahman Md Mustafizur
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Ultrasound measurements of the intima media thickness (IMT) in the carotid arteries is a strong predictor for cardiovascular events both in the general and diseased population.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted to observe correlation of CIMT with age, body mass index (BMI) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study was done in Department of Nephrology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, on 80 chronic kidney disease patients, from July 2014 to June 2015. All the biochemical parameters were measured according to the standard laboratory techniques. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by person’s body weight divided by height. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula. CIMT measurement was done by duplex study of carotid vessels through high resolution B-mode ultrasound.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 36.1±9.5 years. 20 (25%), 26 (32.5%) and 34 (42.5%) patients were in CKD stage 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Age, serum creatinine and GFR showed statistically significant difference among stage 3, 4 and 5 CKD patients (p<0.001). However, no difference was evident in BMI and mean CIMT among stage 3, 4 and 5 CKD patients. Significant positive correlations were found between age and CIMT (r=+0.332; p=0.003) and BMI and CIMT (r=+0.294; p=0.008). However, no significant correlation was evident with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and CIMT (r=–0.181; p=0.109).
Conclusion: Age, serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate showed statistically significant difference among different stages of CKD patients (stage 3, 4 and 5). There were significant positive correlations found in between age and CIMT as well as BMI and CIMT in chronic kidney disease patients, with an exception to GFR and CIMT.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 147-151
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health
Authors: Akhter Shahida , Rizwan ASM
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The year 2019 will be remembered in the human history by the mark of an unknown diseases plaguing the whole world with its devastation, namely coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This pandemic caused by a novel strain of RNA virus has caused a catastrophic health outcome for millions of world citizens but in many cases only the physical aspect of the disease came under consideration.
Materials & Methods: This review is based on ample literature search of Medline, the Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews, and citation lists of relevant publications.
Discussion: COVID-19 pandemic has caused a variety of health problems including mental health issues. Initial panic about the completely unknown (Novel) virus plaguing the world was soon joined by an array of mental health problems like anxiety, depression, combined anxiety and depression, traumatic stress etc. Amidst the chaos of unpredictability, mortality, overstretched health facilities etc. we often downplay the importance of paying attention to the mental side of the disease spectrum. As a result, outcomes like child abuse, domestic violence and suicide can increase.
Conclusion: It is of utmost importance to educate mass people about the coping strategies to go through this hard time, to ensure proper news sharing, to screen people who are at risk of developing mental health problems and to provide support to those who are in need. Local and International consensus guideline should be planned to deal with this issue.
Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(2): 169-171
Measles, Morbilli (Rubeola)
Authors: Peltola Heikki
Published: November 2021

Measles, known from the early ages, is caused by a paramyxovirus.

A Persian colleague named Rhazes (854-925 A.D.) was likely the first to distinguish smallpox from measles, this milder disease getting the name “morbilli” (little disease) from the Latin word morbus (disease).

Being one of the most contagious infections, a measles-infected individual may on average transmit the virus to 12-18 susceptible persons from 3-4 days before to soon after first clinical symptoms appear.

Essentially only Man’s (and some monkey species’) disease, measles is potentially eradicable by vaccination, provided vaccine uptake exceeds 95 % for a long enough time. This remains a challenge, and we likely will continue to have measles with us for a long time.
O atendimento de enfermagem no serviço de emergência à mulher vítima de violência
Authors: Prado Lígia D’arc Silva Rocha , Silva Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade , Pereira Eliane Ramos , Chícharo Sandra Conceição Ribeiro , Couto Marcia Bastos , Fabri Janaina Mengal Gomes , Flores Isadora Pinto
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: analisar na literatura científica as estratégias de atendimento pelos profissionais de Enfermagem no Serviço de Emergência à mulher vítima de violência, trazendo debate. Método: revisão integrativa realizada na BVS, MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO e CINAHL, em abril e maio de 2021. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 17 artigos, percebendo-se cinco perspectivas horizontais: o cuidado do enfermeiro à mulher vítima de violência; reparo aos danos causados à saúde; os impactos sociais da violência contra a mulher; o aumento da violência contra a mulher na pandemia e, por fim, as estratégias de combate à violência contra a mulher. Conclusão: os estudos revelaram que o atendimento de Enfermagem se caracteriza pelas suas variadas funcionalidades que podem constituir ferramentas estratégicas para a saúde da mulher vítima de violência doméstica no contexto da saúde pública, evidenciando-se a necessidade da construção de equipes multidisciplinares.
The Association Between Hypermobility Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome and Other Rheumatologic Diseases
Authors: Makol AK , Chakravorty B , Heller MB , Riley B
Published: November 2021

Research has shown hypermobility Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (hEDS) to be associated with some complicated rheumatologic disease. In this feature paper, the authors discuss the prevalence and pathophysiology of rheumatologic conditions, specifically ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis, in patients with hEDS. Furthermore, the authors discuss possible reasons for the association of hEDS with these rheumatologic diseases.
Söylem ve Temsil Arasında Ankara
Authors: ÖZTÜRK AYKAÇ Nilüfer
Published: November 2021

Ankara, başkent olarak kuruluşundan beri resmî söylemlerde ve kendi gerçekliğinde çoklu bir kimliğe sahip olmuştur. “Yoktan var edilen Ankara” söylemi ile birlikte “geçmişiyle, toplumsal mirasıyla var olmaya çalışan Ankara”, bu çoklu kimliğin izdüşümünde iki temel gerçeklik alanı kurmaktadır. Bu alanlar geçmişten günümüze Ankara’nın bilinen, duyulan, görülen, anlatılan ve hissedilen anlamlarına yansımakta ve toplumsal imgelemde Ankara imgesini şekillendirmektedir. Bu anlamları oluşturan, dönüştüren ve aktaran dil; Ankara’nın canlı, yaşayan bir temsilini dimağlarda türlü siluetlerde var etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ankara’nın şehir kimliğinin resmî ve popüler söylemlerdeki anlatısı ve öz unsurları görsel unsurlar kullanılarak karşılaştırmalı şekilde ele alınmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Ankara’nın tarihi, mimarisi, mekânı, coğrafyası ve müziği bu çoklu okumanın yapıldığı beş temel alandır. Nihayetinde Ankara’nın söylemlerde yer aldığı şekline karşın temsil ettiği değerler ortaya konularak Ankara’nın dili ve özgün şehir kimliği bu unsurlar üzerinden anlatılmıştır.
METHODS AND APPROACHES OF EVALUATION OF THE MOTOR ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABILITY
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, V Boiko , A Kuimova ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The analysis of scientific works was carried out in the article, on the basis of which the author's own vision of the approaches and methods of sustainability of the motor transport enterprise was formed. The object of study is the stability of motor transport enterprises. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the basic methods of assessing the firm's stability on the basis of the analysis of modern theoretical approaches and practical experience of ensuring the economic stability of domestic motor transport enterprises. The research methods are generally scientific. In today's volatile environment, the functioning of road transport companies, as well as other economic entities of the production and non-industrial sphere, must maintain the level of efficiency and competitiveness. A prerequisite for improving the efficiency and continuous development of enterprises is to ensure their sustainability based on the impact of environmental factors and changes in the activities of economic entities. In view of this article, the authors of the study of approaches and methods, the system of indicators used to assess the sustainability of enterprises in scientific methodology and practice is certainly relevant. The Sustainable Development Concept of Ukraine states that enterprises can ensure their sustainability if they take into account not only the economic aspects of the activity, but also take into account social and environmental risks. Thus, the generalization of the results of the study of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of methodology for assessing the level of sustainability of road transport enterprises is timely. Research into the approaches and methods used to assess economic, environmental and social sustainability is relevant. The rational choice of approaches and methods for assessing the economic sustainability of the enterprise is a prerequisite for its continued effective functioning in the long run in the current economic environment. KEYWORDS: SUSTAINABILITY OF ENTERPRESE, ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY, APPROACHES, ASSESSMENT METHODS.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP BASIS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, N Bondar , V Sukmaniuk ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, A Yurchenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The object of the research is the theoretical basis for the substantiation of partner interactions between the state and private business. The purpose of the work is to study theoretical approaches to substantiating partner interactions between the state and private business, and the principle approaches regarding the distribution of responsibilities and risks between partners. The research method is monographic. The article is devoted to the study of economic theories, which can most adequately reflect the content and nature of partner interactions between the state and private business in solving socially significant task. It is revealed that the complexity of the PPP as an economic category leads to the objective impossibility of the existence of a unified theory or concept for describing the construction and functioning of a model of partner interactions between the state and business. The development of the concept of management of the development of transport infrastructure with the benefits of PPP has a broad scientific theoretical and methodological basis – these are theories of fundamental and applied nature. It is made up of theories as fundamental (the theory of neo-institutional economy and new institutional policies, the theory of management of socio-economic systems, the concept of public administration) and applied (project, investment, financial management, economic analysis) character. The results of the article can be implemented during the development and substantiation of the forms of application of partner interactions of the state and private business as an instrument of realization of the state policy of development of transport infrastructure of Ukraine. KEYWORDS: INFRASTRUCTURE, TRANSPORT, STATE POLICY, ECONOMIC THEORY, DEVELOPMENT.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL DIMENTION OF THE PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF REVERSE LOGOSTICS WITHIN AGRO-INDUSTRY
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, I Halak , D Babyna ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

This paper involves the use of the reverse logistics tools to manage reverse flows of grain goods in Ukraine effectively. The object of the study is the reverse logistics. The purpose of the study is the theoretical analysis of reverse logistics in order to implement its tools within agro-industry and assessment of the prospects for that. Methods of the study are the analytical approach and mathematical methods. The reverse supply chain management is a key business strategy of any international manufacturer within such industries as car manufacturing, producing of household appliances and medicine. The reverse logistics is widely used to increase company`s profit and cut down the loses. The authors of this article offer to implement the reverse logistics tools within the agro-industry of Ukraine to efficiently design the reverse supply chain. While analyzing the agricultural businesses in Ukraine, authors found out that using the traditional reverse supply chain can not use the capacity of all the logistics players to the full. The liquidator services are offered in order to maintain value added by the returns of bulk goods. Moreover, considering the sustainability of such a reverse flow we offer to store the returns in the warehouses owned by stevedoring companies located in port of Odessa. In such way the decreasing of gas emissions by 25,2% can be established. The results of the study may be recommended for implementation by every logistics player within the agro-industry of Ukraine. KEYWORDS: REVERSE LOGISTICS, AGRO-INDUSRTY OF UKRAINE, REVERSE FLOW, REVERSE LOGISTICS SUPPLY CHAIN OF BULK GOODS, REVERSE SUPPLY CHAIN INTERMEDIARIES.
MODELS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, K Horiachko
Published: November 2021

The article presents the main results of the study of models of environmental tourism management in Ukraine. The object of study is the process of managing ecotourism. The subject of the research is the improvement of theoretical bases of ecological tourism management in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to find ways of solving the main problems of ecological tourism in Ukraine. Research methods - analysis and synthesis method, graphical method, deduction and induction, generalization and systematization. As a result of the research the main tendencies of development of tourist industry of Ukraine are considered. Investigated flows of domestic and foreign tourists for 2010-2018, analyzed the number of tourists served by natural persons-entrepreneurs and legal entities, analyzed the quantitative status of eco-estates in Ukraine, identified the main problems of environmental tourism in Ukraine, proposed ways to improve the situation, as well as management actions that can improve the state of ecotourism in Ukraine at the state level. Trends in the development of eco-tourism in recent years have been identified. The prerequisites for the increase in the number of foreign tourists to Ukraine were identified, it is possible that these tourists will be motivated to visit Ukraine because of its favorable climatic resources. The analysis of tourist arrivals by region gave an opportunity to identify the main areas that are promising for the development of eco-tourism, namely Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Odessa, Dnipropetrovsk, Kiev, Kharkiv, Lviv and Poltava regions. It is proposed to improve the management of the eco-tourism industry through the activities of the Union for Rural green tourism development in Ukraine. This study examines the major tourism management models used in world practice, proposes to take on the experience of the European model for Ukraine. The results of this study can be taken into account when developing a state strategy for the development of the Ukrainian tourism industry. KEYWORDS: STATE OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY, ECOLOGICAL TOURISM, TOURISM IN UKRAINE, TOURISM PROSPECTS, TOURIST FLOW.
ECONOMIC BASICS OF PERISHABLE CARGO DELIVERY MANAGEMENT
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Melnychenko , N Bohomolova ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: November 2021

The article explores the main problems of managing the perishable cargo delivery, identifies the economic aspects of the development of logistics technologies. The foundations of increasing the efficiency of the perishable products delivery control system are proposed. Object of the study - supply chain management of perishable products. Purpose of the study - the systematization of processes of economic management framework of perishable cargo delivery and the development of proposals to improve its efficiency. Methods of the study - system generalization, method of comparisons, classification and analytical. Transportation of perishable products requires increased attention to maintaining the quality of the cargo. This is achieved by thorough preparation for transportation, strict compliance with numerous requirements for load, placement, packaging, delivery time, etc. All this places high demands on the process of organizing transportation, in terms of coherence and coordination of participants' actions, requires compliance with standards, quality planning of both the process and the delivery result. Based on the analysis of the main trends in the development of supply chain management system of perishable products, the essence and features of the basic principles manifestation of the delivery management process are substantiated and characterized. Among these principles stand out: consistency, innovation, coordination, balance and efficiency. These principles are implemented in the technical, technological and organizational and economic components of the management system. The essence of the economic mechanism for managing the perishable goods delivery is revealed. The effectiveness of the mechanism is achieved by the synergistic effect of its components, the action of levers and instruments of organizational and economic regulation. The consistency of the elements of the supply chain management mechanism helps to balance the economic interests and efforts of delivery entities. The results of the article can be used by transport and logistics enterprises to form the basis for improving the delivery of perishable and other types of products. KEYWORDS: TRANSPORT; ENTERPRISES; PERISHABLE CARGO; LOGISTICS; DELIVERY; MANAGEMENT; EFFICIENCY.
INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL PROVISION OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Shatilo
Published: November 2021

The article defines the components and classification of information. It has been researched that strategic information needs depend on the strategic goals of the enterprise. It is revealed that strategic information is characterized by a number of differences due to the nature of the management decision making process. The tasks of organizing the information and analytical support for the formation of the enterprise development strategy, as well as the components and sources of the information and analytical support for strategic management at domestic enterprises, which are necessary for making management decisions, are determined. KEYWORDS: INFORMATION, STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, ENTERPRISES.