bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ioanna Kuçuradi: The Ideal of Turkish Modernity in Turkish Philosophical Humanism
Authors: Direk Zeynep
Published: December 2023

In 20th century philosophical anthropology and value theory in the Turkish philosophical scene have been philosophical buttresses of Turkish modernity. Inspired by Nicolai Hartmann and Max Scheler, Turkish philosopher Takiyettin Mengüşoğlu and his pupil Ioanna Kuçuradi created an academic tradition, which I call “Turkish Philosophical Humanism.” Turkish philosophical humanism stresses that to conserve the value of human being the constitutional law must be made in such a way that citizens can flourish as persons. In this framework I reflect on Ionna Kuçuradi’s academic and political engagement by taking into account her gender, ethnic and religious differences, differences in terms of which she did not describe or present herself. I am interested in the political ordeals she went through as she lived through the political pressures on academia in Turkey and her reflection on her own experience in terms of her personalism and value theory.
Mechanisms maintaining cerebral perfusion during systemic hypotension are impaired in elderly adults
Authors: Abdali Kulsum , Chen Xiaoan , Ross Sarah , Davis Sandra , Zhou Zhengyang , Mallet Robert T , Shi Xiangrong
Published: December 2023

Postural hypotension abruptly lowers cerebral perfusion, producing unsteadiness which worsens with aging. This study addressed the hypothesis that maintenance of cerebral perfusion weakens in the elderly due to less effective cerebrovascular autoregulation and systemic cardiovascular responses to hypotension. In healthy elderly ( n = 13, 68 ± 1 years) and young ( n = 13, 26 ± 1 years) adults, systemic hypotension was induced by rapid deflation of bilateral thigh cuffs after 3-min suprasystolic occlusion, while heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery (VMCA) were recorded. VMCA/MAP indexed cerebrovascular conductance (CVC). Durations and rates of recovery of MAP and VMCA from their respective postdeflation nadirs were compared between the groups. Thigh-cuff deflation elicited similar hypotension and cerebral hypoperfusion in the elderly and young adults. However, the time elapsed (TΔ) from cuff deflation to the nadirs of MAP and VMCA, and the time for full recovery (TR) from nadirs to baselines were significantly prolonged in the elderly subjects. The response rates of HR (ΔHR, i.e. cardiac factor), MAP (ΔMAP, i.e. vasomotor factor), and CVC following cuff deflation were significantly slower in the elderly. Collectively, the response rates of the cardiac, vasomotor, and CVC factors largely explained TRVMCA. However, the TRVMCA/ΔMAP slope (−3.0 ± 0.9) was steeper ( P = 0.046) than the TRVMCA/ΔHR slope (−1.1 ± 0.4). The TRVMCA/ΔCVC slope (−2.4 ± 0.6) was greater ( P = 0.072) than the TRVMCA/ΔHR slope, but did not differ from the TRVMCA/ΔMAP slope ( P = 0.52). Both cerebrovascular autoregulatory and systemic mechanisms contributed to cerebral perfusion recovery during systemic hypotension, and the vasomotor factor was predominant over the cardiac factor. Recovery from cerebral hypoperfusion was slower in the elderly adults because of the age-diminished rates of the CVC response and cardiovascular reflex regulation. Systemic vasoconstriction predominated over increased HR for restoring cerebral perfusion after abrupt onset of systemic hypotension.
Rett and Rett-related disorders: Common mechanisms for shared symptoms?
Authors: D’Mello Santosh R
Published: December 2023

Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein-2 (MeCP2) gene that is characterized by epilepsy, intellectual disability, autistic features, speech deficits, and sleep and breathing abnormalities. Neurologically, patients with all three disorders display microcephaly, aberrant dendritic morphology, reduced spine density, and an imbalance of excitatory/inhibitory signaling. Loss-of-function mutations in the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) and FOXG1 genes also cause similar behavioral and neurobiological defects and were referred to as congenital or variant Rett syndrome. The relatively recent realization that CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD), FOXG1 syndrome, and Rett syndrome are distinct neurodevelopmental disorders with some distinctive features have resulted in separate focus being placed on each disorder with the assumption that distinct molecular mechanisms underlie their pathogenesis. However, given that many of the core symptoms and neurological features are shared, it is likely that the disorders share some critical molecular underpinnings. This review discusses the possibility that deregulation of common molecules in neurons and astrocytes plays a central role in key behavioral and neurological abnormalities in all three disorders. These include KCC2, a chloride transporter, vGlut1, a vesicular glutamate transporter, GluD1, an orphan-glutamate receptor subunit, and PSD-95, a postsynaptic scaffolding protein. We propose that reduced expression or activity of KCC2, vGlut1, PSD-95, and AKT, along with increased expression of GluD1, is involved in the excitatory/inhibitory that represents a key aspect in all three disorders. In addition, astrocyte-derived brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and inflammatory cytokines likely affect the expression and functioning of these molecules resulting in disease-associated abnormalities.
Challenges and advances in serological and molecular tests to aid leprosy diagnosis
Authors: Lopes-Luz Leonardo , Saavedra Djairo Pastor , Fogaça Matheus Bernardes Torres , Bührer-Sékula Samira , Stefani Mariane Martins de Araújo
Published: December 2023

Leprosy is a neglected chronic infectious disease caused by obligate intracellular bacilli, Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Despite multidrug therapy (MDT) success, leprosy accounts for more than 200,000 new cases yearly. Leprosy diagnosis remains based on the dermato-neurologic examination, but histopathology of skin biopsy and bacilloscopy of intradermal scraping are subsidiary diagnostic tests that require expertise and laboratory infrastructure. This minireview summarizes the state of the art of serologic tests to aid leprosy diagnosis, highlighting enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and point-of-care tests (POCT) biotechnologies. Also, the impact of the postgenomic era on the description of new recombinantly expressed M. leprae–specific protein antigens, such as leprosy Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI) diagnostic (LID)-1 is summarized. Highly specific and sensitive molecular techniques to detect M. leprae DNA as the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) are briefly reviewed. Serology studies using phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) semi-synthetic antigens, LID-1 fusion antigen, and the single fusion complex natural disaccharide-octyl (NDO)-LID show high sensitivity in multibacillary (MB) patients. However, serology is not applicable to paucibacillary patients, as they have weak humoral response and robust cell-mediated response, requiring tests for cellular biomarkers. Unlike ELISA-based tests, leprosy-specific POCT based on semi-synthetic PGL-I antigens and NDO-LID 1 antigen is easy to perform, cheaper, equipment-free, and can contribute to early diagnosis avoiding permanent incapacities and helping to interrupt M. leprae transmission. Besides its use to help diagnosis of household contacts or at-risk populations in endemic areas, potential applications of leprosy serology include monitoring MDT efficacy, identification of recent infection, especially in young children, as surrogate markers of disease progression to orient adult chemoprophylaxis and as a predictor of type 2 leprosy reactions. Advances in molecular biology techniques have reduced the complexity and execution time of qPCR confirming its utility to help diagnosis while leprosy-specific LAMP holds promise as an adjunct test to detect M. leprae DNA.
METTL3/YTHDC1-medicated m6A modification of circRNA3634 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes by miR-124486-5-MAPK1 axis
Authors: Song Mengmeng , Yao Haibo , Sun Zitong , Chen Danyang , Xu Xiwen , Long Guohui , Wu Lei , Hu Wei
Published: December 2023

Background

The deer antler, a remarkable mammalian appendage, has a growth rate surpassing that of any other known osseous organ. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNA and MAPK1 play critical roles in chondrocytes. Thus, exploration of their functions in antler chondrocytes will help us to understand the mechanism regulating the rapid antler growth.

Methods

qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression of mRNAs and proteins. CCK-8, EdU, Cell migration, ALP activity detection, and ALP staining examined the effects of MAPK1 in antler chondrocytes. FISH, RIP, and luciferase assays were performed to evaluate the interactions among circRNA3634/MAPK1 and miR-124486-5. RIP and RAP assays proved the binding interaction between circRNA3634 and RBPs. Me-RIP was used to determine the m6A methylation modification of circRNA3634.

Results

This study revealed high MAPK1 expression in antler cartilage tissue. Overexpression of MAPK1 promoted the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of antler chondrocytes and increased the expression of MAPK3, RAF1, MEK1, RUNX2, and SOX9. The silencing of MAPK1 had the opposite effect. CircRNA3634 was found to act as a molecular sponge for miR-124486-5, leading to increased MAPK1 expression and enhanced proliferation and migration of antler chondrocytes through competitive miR-124486-5 binding. We discovered that METTL3 mediates m6A modification near the splicing site of circRNA3634 and is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. The m6A reader YTHDC1 facilitated the nuclear export of circRNA3634 in an m6A-dependent manner. Our results indicate that m6A-modified circRNA3634 promotes the proliferation of antler chondrocytes by targeting MAPK1 and show that the nuclear export of circRNA3634 is related to the expression of YTHDC1, suggesting that circRNA3634 could represent a critical regeneration marker for the antler.

Conclusions

Our results revealed a novel m6A-modified circRNA3634 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes by regulating MAPK1. The nuclear export of circRNA3634 was related to the expression of YTHDC1.
Age, growth, and energy storage of the subterranean fish Triplophysa rosa (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from Chongqing, China
Authors: Xu Yuan , Jing Yangyang , Zhou Jing , Long Rui , Meng Juanzhu , Yang Ya , Luo Yiping
Published: December 2023

Background

This study explores the age, growth, and energy storage of Triplophysa rosa, a troglobitic cavefish. A total of 102 wild T. rosa specimens were collected in Wulong County, Chongqing, China, between 2018 and 2022, with otoliths used for age determination.

Results

The earliest mature individuals were determined to be 4.8 years old, while the maximum ages for females and males were estimated at 15.8 years and 12.2 years, respectively. The length (L, cm)-weight (W, g) relationship was found to be the same for both sexes, following the eq. W = 0.0046 L3.03. Von Bertalanffy growth models were applied to the total length-at-age data, resulting in an asymptotic length of 23.4 cm and a K-parameter of 0.060 year−1. The body content of protein, ash, and glycogen did not show a significant correlation with the total length of T. rosa. However, both lipid and energy content exhibited a significant increase with total length. The lipid content ranged from 40.5 to 167.1 mg g−1, while the energy content ranged from 4.50 to 11.39 kJ g−1, indicating high storage features of T. rosa.

Conclusions

The results affirm that T. rosa exhibits life traits conducive to its population dynamics in cave conditions, characterized by slow growth, small size, and high lipid energy storage.
Leisure time physical activity: a protective factor against metabolic syndrome development
Authors: Seo Myong-Won , Eum Youngseob , Jung Hyun Chul
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable factor in preventing/treating cardiometabolic disease. However, no studies have yet compared specific moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) domains with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in detail. Here, the present study was conducted to examine the impact of different MVPA domains (leisure-time PA (LTPA) vs. occupational PA (OPA) vs. total MVPA) on the risk of MetS in Korean adults. Materials and methods: Data from the 2014 to 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed (N = 31,558). MetS was defined according to the criteria by revised NCEP/ATP-III. The domain-specific MVPA was assessed using the K-GPAQ. The LTPA and OPA status were classified into four categories: (1) 0 min/week, (2) 1 to 149 min/week, (3) 150 to 299 min/week, and 4) ≥ 300 min/week. In addition, the present study calculated total MVPA as a sum of OPA and LTPA and further classified it into six groups; (1) 0 min/week, (2) 1 to 149 min/week, (3) 150 to 299 min/week, (4) 300 to 449 min/week, (5) 450 to 599 min/week, 6) ≥ 600 min/week. Results: The ≥ 300 min/week and the 150 to 299 min/week of LTPA showed better outcomes in cardiometabolic disease risk factors and surrogate markers of insulin resistance compared with the 0 min/week of LTPA regardless of adiposity status. Risk of MetS in ≥ 300 min/week of LTPA was lower than in 0 min/week, 1 to 149 min/week, and 150 to 299. In addition, LTPA was significantly associated with a risk of the MetS in a curvilinear dose-response curve, however, no significant effects of a non-linear relationship between OPA and risk of the MetS. Conclusions: Our findings showed that LTPA was associated with a risk of MetS with a dose-response curve, whereas no significant non-linear effects were found between OPA and the risk of MetS. Therefore, the MVPA domain is an independent factor of the risk of MetS.
Investigation of grief and posttraumatic growth related to patient loss in pediatric intensive care nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Turgut Meral , Yıldız Hatice
Published: December 2023

Background and aim

Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) are clinical settings where patient loss is frequently experienced. A sense of professional grief and posttraumatic growth in nurses who have experienced patient loss has a significant impact on psychological and physical health, work satisfaction, turnover rates, as well as on personal and professional relations, and employee loyalty. The aim of this study was to investigate grief and posttraumatic growth in PICU nurses and to examine related factors.

Methods

The study is of cross-sectional design and was conducted with 200 nurses who were working in 87 PICU’s around Turkey during the period March 30 - June 30, 2021. Data were collected with a Descriptive Information Form, the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG), the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and an open-ended question asking for suggestions as to how nurses can cope with loss. Online questionnaires were used in the data collection. Descriptive statistics, the student t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and post-hoc tests were employed in the analysis of the data.

Results

The nurses’ mean scores were 49.425 ± 10.868 on TRIG and 61.450 ± 24.934 on PTGI. A negative weak correlation was found between the intensity of the nurses’ grief and their posttraumatic growth (r = 0.144, p = 0.041). Receiving training on dealing with a patient’s terminal stage (t=-2.688, p = 0.001), feeling comfortable about providing the patient’s care (t = 2.624, p = 0.009) and providing the family with emotional support during patient care (t = 1.979, p = 0.049), and the presence of supporting health professionals reduced levels of grief (t = 2.797, p = 0.000). Being a woman (t = 3.299, p = 0.001), willingness to work in the unit (t=-3.219, p = 0.002), and being given enough time to accept the loss (t = 3.986, p = 0.000) were correlated with higher levels of posttraumatic growth. The nurses most commonly wanted more time allotted to recuperate after a loss (n = 35) and professional support (n = 22).

Conclusions

Nurses experience a moderate sense of grief after a patient’s loss. As levels of grief decrease, posttraumatic growth increases. Healthcare administrators and future researchers can benefit from these findings when planning supportive interventions to help nurses cope with their feelings of grief and achieve posttraumatic growth.

Strengths and limitations

A limitation of the study is that it was conducted only with nurses who were Association members.
Are physicians creating a barrier to pre-conception care access? A qualitative study exploring patients’ experiences and perspectives around pre-conception care
Authors: AlWatban Lemmese , Alamer Ebtihal
Published: December 2023

Background

The pre-conception period is an unmissable opportunity to introduce preventive measures before pregnancy to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Despite the global pre-conception initiatives and the 2030 Saudi national vision to promote maternal, fetal health and safety, various barriers still exist. This study focuses on exploring pre-conception care extensively from the patients’ perspectives and their experience in accessing this type of care in the primary care setting.

Methods

A qualitative study using interpretive thematic analysis was used to explore patients’ perspectives, and experiences in accessing pre-conception care in the city of Riyadh from January 2019 to January 2020. A semi-structured interview guide and field notes were used to collect data. A step wise interpretive and iterative process was used for data analysis and thematic extraction. Theme saturation was achieved by the eleventh interview.

Results

The participants’ perspectives were influenced by their cultural beliefs, understanding of pre-conception, and their prevised barriers to approaching physicians. Three main themes emerged: A) Acceptance of pre-conception care; was heavily influenced by how they understood and defined per-conception care. B) Pre-conception health seeking behavior; demonstrated a clear disconnect between the patient and the physician. C) Expectation from health services; to raise awareness about pre-conception care and push physicians to initiate the conversation with their patients.

Conclusions

An appreciable gap in the patient-physician relationship was revealed as a source of inconsistency in accessing pre-conception care. Physicians are encouraged to take the first step in demonstrating to their patients both the importance of pre-conception care and their intent to offer respectful, empathetic, and culturally appropriate care.
Integrating stakeholder feedback into the design of a peer-delivered primary care wellness program: A rapid qualitative study
Authors: Johnson Emily M. , Possemato Kyle , Chinman Matthew , True Gala , Hedges Jacob , Hampton Brittany N. , Edelman E. Jennifer , Maisto Stephen A.
Published: December 2023

Background

Individuals seen in Primary Care with behavioral health concerns who decline behavioral health treatment may benefit from the support of peers (consumers in recovery from behavioral health concerns employed to support other consumers). Whole Health STEPS is a new intervention for Veterans in Primary Care with behavioral health concerns which combines essential elements of peers’ role and the Whole Health model using a stepped-care design. We incorporated stakeholder feedback in the Whole Health STEPS design to improve fit with Veterans, peers, and primary care settings.

Methods

We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with VA staff using questions derived from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Participants were recruited via a maximum variation strategy across a national sample and interviewed between January 2021-April 2021. The analytic design was a rapid qualitative analysis. Interviews addressed design decisions and potential barriers and facilitators to future implementation. Then, we made adaptations to Whole Health STEPS and catalogued changes using the Framework for Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced (FRAME). A VA peer conducted the interviews, participated in analyses, assisted with design modifications, and co-wrote this paper.

Results

Sixteen staff members from 9 VA primary care peer programs participated (8 peers and 8 supervisors/administrators). Feedback themes included: capitalizing on peer skills (e.g., navigation), ensuring patient-centered and flexible design, and making it easy and efficient (e.g., reducing session length). Understanding the structure of primary care peers’ roles and their interactions with other programs helped us identify role conflicts (e.g., overlap with Whole Health Coaches and Health Behavior Coordinators), which led to design modifications to carve out a unique role for Whole Health STEPS. Staff also made recommendations about marketing materials and training tools to support Whole Health STEPS roll out.

Conclusions

Feedback from frontline staff, including peers, in the design process was crucial to identifying essential modifications that would not have been possible after initial trials without re-evaluating efficacy due to the extent of the changes. Whole Health STEPS was adapted to fit within a range of program structures, emphasize peers’ unique contributions, and streamline delivery. Lessons learned can be applied to other interventions.
Exosomal miR-182 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells drives carfilzomib resistance of multiple myeloma cells by targeting SOX6
Authors: Long Shifeng , Long Shengping , He Honglei , Luo Liang , Liu Mei , Ding Ting
Published: December 2023

Background

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy. Drug resistance remains to be a major clinical challenge in MM therapy. In this study, we aim to investigate the functional roles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomal miR-182 on the carfilzomib resistance of MM and its underlying mechanism.

Methods

qRT-PCR and Western blot methods were utilized to confirm the gene or protein expressions. CCK-8 and transwell assays were performed to measure the capabilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion. The molecular interactions were validated through ChIP and Dual luciferase assay.

Results

Our findings indicated that miR-182 expression was upregulated in serum, BMSCs and BMSC-derived exosomes from MM patients. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key transcriptional factor in tumor microenvironment, could boost miR-182 expression by directly binding to its promoter, thus favoring exosomal secretion. Moreover, exosomal miR-182 from BMSCs could be transferred to MM cells and was able to promote malignant proliferation, metastasis, and invasion, as well as decrease the sensitivity of MM cells against carfilzomib. Additionally, SOX6 was identified as a downstream target of miR-182 in MM cells, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-182. Rescue experiments proved that loss of SOX6 in MM cells dramatically reversed the promoting roles of BMSC-secreted exosomal miR-182 on proliferation, metastasis, and carfilzomib resistance in MM cells.

Conclusion

Collectively, our findings indicated that exosomal miR-182 derived from BMSCs contributed to the metastasis and carfilzomib resistance of MM cells by targeting SOX6. This study sheds light on the pathogenesis of the BMSC-derived exosome containing miR-182 in the malignant behaviors of MM cells and carfzomib resistance.
ACTN1 promotes HNSCC tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance by enhancing MYH9-dependent degradation of GSK-3β and integrin β1-mediated phosphorylation of FAK
Authors: Cui Li , Lu Ye , Zheng Jiarong , Guo Bing , Zhao Xinyuan
Published: December 2023

Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors globally. Understanding the molecular basis of tumor progression and drug resistance can offer innovative strategies to enhance clinical outcomes for HNSCC patients.

Methods

The cytoskeletal remodeling genes associated with cisplatin resistance were screened using a PCR array. The role of alpha-actinin 1 (ACTN1) in modulating cisplatin resistance and tumorigenesis in HNSCC was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), IP-mass spectrometry (MS), western blotting, dual-luciferase assay, and bioinformatics analysis were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved.

Results

Our study identifies ACTN1 as a crucial contributor to cisplatin resistance and tumorigenesis in HNSCC, as evidenced across cellular, animal, and patient-derived xenograft models. From a clinical perspective, overexpression of ACTN1 significantly correlates with a suboptimal response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and reduced overall survival in HNSCC patients. Mechanistically, ACTN1 predominantly activates β-catenin-mediated signaling by promoting the interaction between myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) and GSK-3β, leading to the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of GSK-3β. ACTN1 also interacts with integrin β1, subsequently activating the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway, providing an additional avenue for the activation of β-catenin signaling. Our study also unveils that the β-catenin/c-Myc axis transcriptionally regulates ACTN1, thereby creating a positive feedback loop promoting HNSCC tumorigenesis and drug resistance.

Conclusions

These insights underscore the novel mechanisms that highlight ACTN1's pivotal role in driving HNSCC progression and resistance to chemotherapy, suggesting ACTN1 as a promising therapeutic target in HNSCC management.
“Calling for help: I need you to listen” - A qualitative study of callers’ experience of calls to the emergency medical communication centre
Authors: Spjeldnæs Trine Berglie , Nilsen Kristine A. Vik , Myrmel Lars , Sørnes Jan-Oddvar , Brattebø Guttorm
Published: December 2023

Background

The Emergency Medical Communications Center (EMCC) is essential in emergencies and often represents the public’s first encounter with the healthcare system. Previous research has mainly focused on the dispatcher’s perspective. Therefore, there is a lack of insight into the callers’ perspectives, the attainment of which may contribute significantly to improving the quality of this vital public service. Most calls are now made from mobile phones, opening up novel approaches for obtaining caller feedback using tools such as short-message services (SMS). Thus, this study aims to obtain a better understanding of callers’ actual experiences and how they perceived their interaction with the EMCC.

Methods

A combination of quantitative and qualitative study methods was used. An SMS survey was sent to the mobile phone numbers of everyone who had contacted 113 during the last months. This was followed by 31 semi-structured interviews with people either satisfied or dissatisfied. Thematic analysis was used to investigate the interviews.

Results

We received 1680 (35%) responses to the SMS survey, sent to 4807 unique numbers. Most respondents (88%) were satisfied, evaluating their experience as 5 or 6 on a six-point scale, whereas 5% answered with 1 or 2. The interviews revealed that callers were in distress before calling 113. By actively listening and taking the caller seriously, and affirming that it was the right choice to call the emergency number, the EMCC make callers experience a feeling of help and satisfaction, regardless of whether an ambulance was dispatched to their location.

If callers did not feel taken seriously or listened to, they were less satisfied. A negative experience may lead to a higher distress threshold and an adjusted strategy before the caller makes contact 113 next time. Callers with positive experiences expressed more trust in the healthcare systems.

Conclusions

For the callers, the most important was being taken seriously and listened to. Additionally, they welcomed that dispatchers express empathy and affirm that callers made the right choice to call EMCC, as this positively affects communication with callers. The 113 calls aimed to cooperate in finding a solution to the caller’s problem.
The factor structure of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ): new methodological approaches and evidence
Authors: de Araujo Jhonys , Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis , Jelihovschi Enio Galinkin
Published: December 2023

Background

The area of self-regulated learning integrates the fields of metacognition and self-regulation and assumes that the student is an active processor of information capable of self-regulating his learning by putting together the cognitive, metacognitive, and motivational components. The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) is a benchmark for the measurement of self-regulated learning. However, the field of study does not show adequate evidence of its structural validity. The vast majority of studies involving this question present serious methodological mistakes, compromising the evidence of validity.

Objective

Our study investigates the structural validity of MSLQ including all 15 scales and corrects relevant mistakes in the previous studies.

Method

We tested different models through item confirmatory factor analysis in a convenience sample of 670 college students (M = 22.8 years, SD = 5.2) from a public Brazilian university in the technological area. The models with the ML, MLR, MLM and WLMSV estimators.

Results

Only WLSMV produced models with acceptable fit. The final model has a bi-factor structure with a general factor (self-regulated learning), 15 components as first-order factors, and four broad components as second-order factors. Twelve first-order components, all second-order components and the general factor had acceptable reliability. The components’ elaboration, intrinsic goal orientation and metacognitive self-regulation, did not show acceptable reliability, in terms of McDonald’s omega.

Conclusion

Considering the worldwide importance of the MSLQ, we do not recommend the use of the measurement of these components for clinical practice and psychoeducational diagnosis until new studies show that this low reliability only occurs in our sample. Our study shows new evidence, correcting many previous methodological mistakes and producing initial evidence favorable to the factor structure of the MSLQ.
Mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and young adults: empirical analysis of the past, present and the way forward
Authors: Gupta Mayank
Published: December 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants have had and are having serious implications for the mental health of the public. The critical limitations in the published literature for children, adolescents and young adults raise doubts about their clinical utility and overall generalisability. Amidst these gaps in knowledge, a twin study (Rimfeld et al) addresses several of these issues in relation to heritable individual differences and responses to environmental stressors. Besides calculating genetic correlation, the longitudinal study also compares symptoms at four different time points during the pandemic. These findings reflect a counterintuitive understanding of the role of resilience in the mental health of young adults in the UK. Unlike prior studies, this study focuses on methodological designs and underscores the applications of accurate statistical measures in observing these complex phenomena.
Endometrial Cancer Risk Among Germline BRCA1/2 Pathogenic Variant Carriers: Review of Our Current Understanding and Next Steps
Authors: Sorouri Kimia , Lynce Filipa , Feltmate Colleen M. , Davis Michelle R. , Muto Michael G. , Konstantinopoulos Panagiotis A. , Stover Elizabeth H. , Kurian Allison W. , Hill Sarah J. , Partridge Ann H. , Tolaney Sara M. , Garber Judy E. , Bychkovsky Brittany L.
Published: December 2023

PURPOSE

To review the literature exploring endometrial cancer (EC) risk among surgical candidates with germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) to guide decisions around risk-reducing (rr) hysterectomy in this population.

DESIGN

A comprehensive review was conducted of the current literature that influences clinical practice and informs expert consensus. We present our understanding of EC risk among BRCA1/2 PV carriers, the risk-modifying factors specific to this patient population, and the available research technology that may guide clinical practice in the future. Limitations of the existing literature are outlined.

RESULTS

Patients with BRCA1/2 PVs, those with a personal history of tamoxifen use, those who desire long-term hormone replacement therapy, and/or have an elevated BMI are at higher risk of EC, primarily endometrioid EC and/or uterine papillary serous carcinoma, and may benefit from rr-hysterectomy. Although prescriptive clinical guidelines specific to BRCA1/2 PV carriers could inform decisions around rr-hysterectomy, limitations of the current literature prevent more definitive guidance at this time. A large population-based study of a contemporary cohort of BRCA1/2 PV carriers with lifetime follow-up compared with cancer-gene negative controls would advance this topic and facilitate care decisions.

CONCLUSION

This review validates a potential role for rr-hysterectomy to address EC risk among surgical candidates with BRCA1/2 PVs. Evidence-based clinical guidelines for rr-hysterectomy in BRCA1/2 PV carriers are essential to ensure equitable access to this preventive measure, supporting insurance coverage for patients with either BRCA1 or BRCA2 PVs to pursue rr-hysterectomy. Overall, this review highlights the complexity of EC risk in BRCA1/2 PV carriers and offers a comprehensive framework to shared decision making to inform rr-hysterectomy for BRCA1/2 PV carriers.
The golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) as an emerging concern for biodiversity in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Fleury Fernandes De Oliveira Paulo Roberto , Rodrigues Cândido Carvalho , Grano-Maldonado Mayra Ixchel , Lopes Rocha Thiago
Published: December 2023

The Cerrado biome is an international biodiversity hotspot, but knowledge about the distribution and impact of invasive bivalve species in the rivers of the Central Brazilian Cerrado is scarce. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to extend our knowledge of the geographical distribution of the golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) and enlarge the list of the invasive species that have arrived in the Cerrado environment. In this context, invasive mussels may affect native species, but there is little information on their environmental interaction. The study area was the low-middle Paranaíba River, located in and around the hydroelectric power plant of Cachoeira Dourada. In total, 386 specimens were captured and measured, and the reproductive status was defined through a histological approach. Results showed that the mussel shell length varied from 3.8 to 35.5 mm (215.73 ± 5.53 mm); width, from 1.9 to 14.1 mm (7.20 ± 2.24 mm); and height, from 1.4 to 11.8 mm (5.84 ± 2.00 mm). Hence, the populations discovered is likely to be in its third year, and the histological assessment showed that the mussels are reproducing actively. Results indicated that the process of invasion was enhanced by human activities, such as fish farming, considering that the golden mussel is an emerging bio-infestation concern, and it should be considered a serious threat to native species on the Brazilian Cerrado ecosystem. Further studies on cohabitation and interaction with native species are needed.
Egg-laying habitat selection of the invasive slug Krynickillus melanocephalus Kaleniczenko, 1851 (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Agriolimacidae)
Authors: Watz Johan , von Proschwitz Ted
Published: December 2023

Invasive slugs cause damage to biodiversity as well as to horticultural and agricultural crops. To develop methods to mitigate problems with recently emerging invasive species, basic ecological knowledge about them in their new environment is crucial. We investigated the egg-laying substrate preference of Krynickillus melanocephalus in a laboratory experiment in which the slugs could choose between four different substrates. Slugs were mainly observed in contact with birch leaf compost, and less so with gravel, potting soil and sphagnum moss. Almost 90% of the eggs were found buried in birch leaves, although eggs were found also in the other substrates. In addition, we tested the winter survival of the eggs by examining their susceptibility to low temperatures. Eggs subjected to freezing temperatures did not survive, and at 8 °C, 60–70% of the eggs hatched after three months (640 degree days). In areas where K. melanocephalus is present, transporting any soil, gravel or compost material could potentially contribute to spreading the species. Particularly, leaf composts may warrant attention in this areas.
IMAGE OF THE ORGANIZATION AS AN ELEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Authors: Skripnichenko L.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study was to identify the predominant type of culture in the company, the image profile of the enterprise in the eyes of employees, the level and type of loyalty of personnel. The following research methods were applied in the work: a survey of the staff of a medical institution using the OCAI (Organizational Culture Analyze Instrument) methodology by Kim Cameron and Robert Quinn; a survey using the methodology of A. Ya. Kibanov to study the image profile of the employer; polling on the John Meyer and Natalie Allen organizational loyalty scale; Survey based on the methodology for assessing the level and parameters of the employee’s demonstrated loyalty to the organization. The analysis made it possible to determine what should be paid attention to when carrying out measures to improve and develop the image as an element of organizational culture. Attention was paid to strengthening and improving the organizational culture itself, increasing the loyalty of personnel, as well as improving the poorly developed qualities of the enterprise. The proposed recommendations can be used by the company’s management to strengthen its competitiveness and increase the loyalty of personnel.
MODERN MEANS OF VISUALIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL CONTENT
Authors: Svistunov V. , Mozgovoy A. , Lobachyev V. , Golyshkova I.
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the problems of organizing the educational process based on the application of one of the most important principles of didactics — visualization (visual presentation of the material). The potential of practical application of this principle in the education system is most clearly reflected in the quality of training and skills development of students. The paper classifies and analyzes various types of visualization used in the educational process. The authors noted the main psychological and pedagogical features and formulated practical recommendations on the use of visual aids and teaching methods on the example of such important integrative subjects as social studies and economics. This research is of scientific and practical value for the training of future teachers in pedagogical universities of Russia, as well as for beginning teachers of higher and additional education, specializing in teaching subjects from the cycle of socio-economic disciplines.
RELEVANCE OF THE LEADERSHIP OF AN HR SPECIALIST IN RUSSIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Lebedeva N. , Chelnokova O.
Published: December 2023

The article presents an analysis of the approaches of domestic and foreign authors to the problems of leadership in the organization and their relation to the request for the leadership of an HR specialist. Leadership is considered as a mandatory element of management that determines both the management style in  the company as  a  whole and the specifics of  the work of  an HR  specialist in  particular. The study reveals the specificity of  the influence of  an HR specialist on the corporate culture and staff loyalty in connection with the request for a leadership from the management. It has been established that the most popular leadership style of an HR specialist is an advisory style, in which goals and methods to achieve them are discussed, but the final decision on both goals and methods is made by the head. The authors analyzed the relationship between the leadership of an HR specialist and the relevance of the tools used in the activities of HR services. Based on the results obtained, recommendations were formed to identify the need for HR leadership and to build efficient interaction between managers and HR specialists.
Efeito de borda sobre interações formiga-planta mediadas por nectários extraflorais (NEFs) em fragmento florestal localizado no Sudoeste da Amazônia Brasileira
Authors: Pinheiro Lázaro Vinicius da Silva , Santos Josiane Vieira dos , Souza Jeovana Crystina Rodrigues de , Cruz Paulo Henrique de Aragão da , Caruso Celeste Magalí , Nakayama Miranda Patricia
Published: December 2023

Dentre as interações mutualísticas, as associações entre formigas e plantas portadoras de nectários extraflorais (NEFs) são bastante conhecidas. Nestas interações, as formigas ao se alimentarem do néctar extrafloral, fornecem proteção às plantas contra insetos herbívoros. As comunidades de plantas e de formigas tendem a sofrer modificações em áreas perturbadas, como bordas de fragmentos florestais. Neste contexto, será que os efeitos de borda podem ser percebidos também em nível de interação? Com base no exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de borda sobre estas interações formiga-planta mediadas por NEFs, a partir da simulação de glândulas artificiais. Foram instalados NEFs artificiais em 10 arbustos localizados na borda de um fragmento de floresta tropical e em 10 arbustos localizados no interior do mesmo fragmento. Todas as formigas visitantes dos NEFs artificiais foram coletadas. Foi amostrado maior número de formigas em NEFs artificiais na borda (362 indivíduos) do que no interior (250 indivíduos) do fragmento. No entanto, em termos de valores médios, não foram encontradas diferenças significativas da abundância de formigas entre a borda e o interior do fragmento, assim como também não foi encontrada diferenças significativas da riqueza e composição de espécies de formigas entre estas duas áreas. Considerando que este foi um estudo rápido, com pequena amostragem, concluímos que o maior número total de formigas em NEFs artificiais na borda é uma evidência da importância desta interação em áreas perturbadas, principalmente devido ao aumento de herbívoros nestas regiões decorrentes do aumento de folhas jovens.
Wychowanie historyczne, wychowanie patriotyczne. Muzeum realne i wirtualne – na przykładzie Centralnego Muzeum Jeńców Wojennych w Opolu/Łambinowicach
Authors: Matuchniak-Mystkowska Anna
Published: December 2023

The sociological approach to the problem of upbringing in the virtual world prompts us to deal not so much with the narrowly understood school education as with the broader process of socialisation taking place in different groups, institutions and systems of culture characterised by F. Znaniecki, A. Kłoskowska, B. Sułkowski and P. Bourdieu. The subject of this study includes one of the most important historical museums – the Central Museum of Prisoners-of-War with its two seats (Opole, Łambinowice), dealing especially with prisoners-of-war from World War II – victims of German and Soviet totalitarianism: post-camps areas, necropolises as well as documents and relics of prisoners (archives and museum collections). This is a museum in situ, active in the fields of exhibitions, education, science, and publishing, taking care of regional, national, and European heritage. In autumn 2022, I conducted a study in two localities which concerned virtual functioning of the memorial museum (CMJW) as well as the cultural (historical and artistic) competencies of two hundred secondary school students and the transmission of knowledge through the systems of culture: families, local and supralocal institutions, mass media, internet. A pedagogical experiment and sociological study showing the limited knowledge of students but also interest in its broadening via new forms of communication in the hybrid reality.
Prawo do bycia zapomnianym w kontekście kreowania wizerunku dzieci w mediach społecznych
Authors: Brosch Anna
Published: December 2023

The article discusses how parents use social media and aims to pay attention to the social and significant problem of the excessive sharing of content concerning children, which is performed by parents, called ‘sharenting’. The conceptualisation and classification of the phenomenon show how broad the problem is and how many perspectives one can use for its perception. Especially if we take into account a fact that ‘sharenting’, which violates children’s privacy, remains in conflict with parents’ rights to direct the upbringing of their children and to express their own opinions. Despite the European Union’s implementation of legal regulations ensuring the right to be forgotten for all members, which enables the submission of an application to Google.com concerning the removal of data, it is impossible to enforce this law, especially in the case of children.
Świat wirtualny w rzeczywistości wychowawczej dziecka w wieku przedszkolnym
Authors: Bandach Małgorzata
Published: December 2023

The virtual world as a picture of reality, created or discovered by man during intellectual or technical simulation, constitutes an element of the modern reality of upbringing of a child of pre-school age. The simulation of reality through modern technical means, including mobile devices and content which these means transmit, can influence positively and stimulate comprehensive child development, but it can be also a factor inhibiting development processes, and can even sometimes constitute a threat. Parents are the first teachers of a child, creating his or her awareness of the separateness of the real world from the virtual world and the world of play. This is why it’s so important at pre-school age for a parent to be present and accompanying the child in their various activities.
Utilização da Razão Cintura-Estatura na avaliação nutricional na primeira fase da adolescência
Authors: Lourenço Ana Eliza Port , Monteiro Luana Silva , Viganor Juliana Tonetto , Sperandio Naiara , Pontes Priscila Vieira , Rodrigues Paulo Rogério Melo
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Este estudo visou avaliar o desempenho da razão cintura-estatura (RCE) como indicador complementar do estado nutricional na primeira fase da adolescência. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal com 148 adolescentes (10 a 13 anos de idade) de duas escolas de Macaé, RJ, realizado em 2016/2017. Foram coletadas informações de maturação sexual, peso, estatura e perímetro da cintura (PC). Para verificar como as classificações do índice de massa corporal-para-idade (IMC/I), PC e RCE dialogam em termos de triagem de risco em saúde, foi feito o teste Kappa. Os limites máximos de sensibilidade e especificidade da RCE segundo o IMC/I foram analisados pela curva ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics). Resultados: Dentre os avaliados, 51,4% eram meninas e mais de 60% encontravam-se nos dois primeiros estágios de maturação sexual. A prevalência de excesso de peso (sobrepeso+obesidade) foi 31,8%, obesidade 17,6% e RCE elevada 20,3%, sem diferença segundo sexo e maturação sexual. A RCE apresentou boa concordância com excesso de peso (Kappa=0,707) e obesidade (Kappa=0,780). Já a concordância entre IMC/I e PC foi pobre. O valor de 0,45 da RCE foi o ponto de corte mais adequado para identificar os adolescentes com excesso de peso. Conclusões: Este trabalho sugere que a RCE apresenta melhor desempenho que o PC como indicador complementar do estado nutricional no início da adolescência. A RCE agrega informação sobre a gordura central ponderada pela estatura, não requer curva de comparação e apresenta ponto de corte, o que facilita ações de triagem nos serviços de saúde e em estudos epidemiológicos.