bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of HR-Analytics in the Diagnosis of Staff Management System
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after V. Hetman, Danylenko O. A.
Published: August 2021

The article delimitates and presents the author's own definitions of the concepts of «diagnosis», «monitoring», «analysis», «evaluation» of the staff management system, «staff audit (staff management),», «HR-analytics». Based on the review of domestic and foreign theoretical and practical studies of the current state of HR-analytics, the understanding of HR analytics is deepened; the possibilities of its implementation in the diagnosis of the staff management system are determined; methodical approaches to this process are described: the object, theme, subject, directions of HR-analytics at the organization level are formulated, stakeholders (interested parties), instruments and examples of the system of metrics/measures (criteria and indicators) operated in HR analytics are defined. It is determined that the diagnosis of the staff management system is a broader concept than HR analytics, which is its main component. HR analytics is based on monitoring and analysis of data with the formation of relevant estimates in conclusions/reports. Preparation of alternative forecasts, improvement of HR processes and staff management system are the final stages of diagnosis of the staff management system. The proposed approach of delimitation of the categorical apparatus of instruments in the sphere of assessment of the effectiveness of human resources use and staff management of an organization with clearly defined structural elements of the process of staff diagnosis will help theorists and practitioners to perform more clearly their work on the analysis and critical evaluation of HR processes with further improvement and alternative forecasting.
Strategies for Innovative Development of Business Structures
Authors:   Odesa National Polytechnic University, But-Gusaim O. H.
Published: August 2021

This article is concerned with researching the strategies for innovative development of business structures. The article is aimed at developing a classification of strategies for innovative development of various business structures. The publication discloses the essence of the innovation development strategy, taking into account three approaches. Conclusions have been drawn on the essence of the strategy for innovative development of business structures. According to the results of the critical analysis of the literature, the classification of existing business structures was carried out and the main directions of strategic innovative development were determined. The research highlights two key areas of strategic innovation development based on active and passive positions. An active innovative strategy involves the use of new technologies that have not yet been used in the market. This strategy can be followed by all business structures without exception, but depending on their type, achieving the goal will be more difficult or easier. In particular, business structures with a mixed form of ownership are more likely to stay in the market using active innovative strategies. At the same time, business structures formed by one person will experience much more difficulties in implementing active innovative strategies in the market. Another type of strategy is passive (imitation), which consists not in the development of new technologies, but in the use of already developed ones. The main conceptual task in building such a strategy is to study the market, competitive advantages and disadvantages of completed innovative technologies in order to enter the market with a similar but more market-adapted solution. We can confidently say that developed business structures can more easily implement the imitation strategy, since it requires a quick reaction and development, more rational solutions, which is associated with the use of more resources. However, despite this, innovation is the only way to enter and hold on to the market with a unique product, since they do not depend on the size of the enterprise, its finances or the number of personnel.
Expiry Prediction and Reducing Food Wastage using IoT and ML
Authors: Nair Kartik , Sekhani Bhavya , Shah Krina , Karamchandani Sunil
Published: August 2021

This paper details development of a low-cost, small-size, and portable electronic nose (E-nose) for the prediction of the expiry date of food products. The Sensor array is composed of commercially available metal oxide semiconductors sensors like MQ2 sensor, temperature sensor, and humidity sensor, which were interfaced with the help of ESP8266 and Arduino Uno for data acquisition, storage, and analysis of the dataset consisting of the odor from the fruit at different ripening stages. The developed system is used to analyze gas sensor values from various fruits like bananas and tomatoes. Responding signals of the e-nose were extracted and analyzed. Based on the obtained data we applied a few machine learning algorithms to predict if a banana is stale or not. Logistic regression, Decision Tree Classifier, Support Vector Classifier (SVC) & K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) classifiers were the binary classification algorithms used to determine whether the fruit became stale or not. We achieved an accuracy of 97.05%. These results prove that e-nose has the potential of assessing fruits and vegetable freshness and predict their expiry date, thus reducing food wastage.
The Enhancement of Face-To-Face Reading skill at the University of Tabuk Using Internet-Based Reading Activities
Authors: Alshaikhi Turky E.
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to investigate how far internet-based reading activities can enhance learners’ reading skills in face-to-face learning experience at the faculty of education and arts, University of Tabuk in Saudi Arabia, for the Academic Year 2021. This study also examined students' learning preferences, experiences, and participation in traditional and non-traditional classrooms as blended learning has come in vogue at the university due to Covid19 restrictions. This quantitative research consisted of 90 university EFL learners from the faculty of education and arts at Tabuk University. The study employed descriptive statistics to analyze learners’ responses.  The findings showed that internet-based reading activities and peer moderated discussions could enhance learners’ reading skills in the face-to-face EFL classes at the university. Internet-based reading activities also led to greater language output in the other three language skills viz., speaking, listening and writing when these are undertaken in the physical mode. However, gaps exist in their application to student learning preferences and whether they match student preferences for reading activities. Limited literature is existed on following up internet-based reading activities with physical learning in traditional classrooms. A single overarching research question guided this study: How far can the innovative method of internet-based reading enhance learners’ reading in face-to-face learning environments.  The results proved encouraging drills as the previously challenging reading drills were perceived as engaging by the learners after the brief intervention. However, whether the results are temporal or reliable can only be ascertained with larger samples and varied learning environments.
The Influence of Linguistic Insecurity on Thai EFL Teachers’ Teaching Performance
Authors: Jantri Palatee , Phusawisot Pilanut
Published: August 2021

Using a case study approach, this study focused on teachers’ linguistic insecurity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of Thai EFL teachers’ linguistic insecurity on their teaching performance. The data were obtained from classroom observation and semi-structured interviews. Using a purposive sampling, the participants were two Thai EFL teachers who were in-service teachers at a public secondary school in the northeastern part of Thailand. The study was conducted in the second semester of the 2020 academic year. Data were analyzed by using content analysis to identify themes. The results of the study indicated that the participants perceived that linguistic insecurity influenced their teaching performance in three aspects: lack of confidence about English knowledge, poor performance in English language teaching, and negative self-concept toward their English language ability. The discussion of findings, pedagogical implications, and recommendations for further investigations were also discussed.
Effective Language Teaching and Learning Process in EFL Classroom Situation: A Case Study
Authors: BENZERROUG Samah
Published: August 2021

The goal of teaching and learning a foreign language, in general, has shifted from putting emphasis on the product of teaching to the process of teaching and learning and the accompanying classroom conditions. This development in foreign language teaching pedagogy stresses the importance of the classroom environment in enhancing the individual’s learning styles and motivation to acquire the language, skills and components.  Therefore, it is essential that every language class is directed to equip the learners with the necessary language strategies to achieve language proficiency by considering their needs and interests. This is why, teachers are always looking for updated ways and techniques to develop the student competencies in listening, speaking reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar. In this context, the present research was conducted more specifically to examine to what extent can the role of the teacher and the quality of the teaching and learning process be effective in developing the learners’ skills and competencies and promoting the EFL classroom situation. In addition, the different pedagogical tools and phases that are implemented in English language teaching in the Algerian school will be presented and analyzed in this paper.
Teachers’ Attitudes towards Online Writing Assessment during Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Anasse Khadija , Rhandy Rajaa
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed an abrupt change in our teaching practices. Particularly the online assessment of students’ writing has been an unprecedented, novel situation for many English foreign language teachers. What is novel about this issue is the constraint of adopting it in a critical situation in which it has been an alternative way to assess students in the absence of the physical presence of students. The shift from face to face assessment to online assessment has been a novel experience for many Moroccan English foreign language teachers who have never implemented it before nor have any background knowledge about its mechanisms and methods albeit there are some teachers who are familiar with online teaching and online assessment. The issue has generated important points for English language teaching practitioners and stakeholders about the strategies and challenges of this compulsory mode of assessment during COVID-19 lockdown. From this perspective, the purpose of this paper was to reflect on writing assessment in the era of COVID-19 pandemic through the lens of teachers. The paper aimed to explore the perceptions of Moroccan English foreign language teachers about online writing assessment and the challenges that encountered them.  For this purpose, data were collected from 100 English language teachers in the region of Casablanca through the use of questionnaires. The findings of this study substantiated that most participants considered online assessment of students’ writing a real challenge and hence hold a negative attitude towards it. Based on the results of this study, it was recommended to teach digital writing skills to English foreign language learners and design teaching training programs about online writing assessment.
Synectics in Teaching Grade 9 Science
Authors: Fernandez Sunny R. , Argate Rex , Nimor Ceasar F. , Sasil Lloyd Vincent O.
Published: August 2021

This study determined the effectiveness of synectics in teaching Grade 9 science in one private high school in Mandaue City, Cebu. A quasi-experimental design using the control and experimental groups was utilized. The experimental group was taught science concepts using synectics, while the lecture method was used in teaching the control group. Pretest and posttest evaluations were utilized to measure the academic performance of both groups of students. The results of the study showed that the pretest scores of the control and experimental groups on the three topics covered were fair and that the pretest mean values for the two groups were comparable or closer with each other. It also revealed that the posttest scores of both groups marked an increase in good performance level and the posttest mean value of the group with an intervention using synectics in teaching was greatly or highly improved compared to the group taught using the lecture method. The results also showed that there was a significant difference in the pretest and posttest scores between the control and experimental groups. Using synectics in teaching science concepts is an effective technique in improving students ‘performance since it provides them with a meaningful and authentic understanding of scientific concepts by associating these concepts to real-life situations.
A linguistically-motivated annotation model of modality in English and Spanish: Insights from MULTINOT
Authors: Lavid Julia , Carretero Marta , Zamorano-Mansilla Juan Rafael
Published: August 2021

In this paper we present current work on the design and validation of a linguistically-motivated annotation model of modality in English and Spanish in the context of the MULTINOT project. Our annotation model captures four basic modal meanings and their subtypes, on the one hand, and provides a fine-grained characterisation of the syntactic realisations of those meanings in English and Spanish, on the other. We validate the modal tagset proposed through an agreement study performed on a bilingual sample of four hundred sentences extracted from original texts of the MULTINOT corpus, and discuss the difficult cases encountered in the annotation experiment. We also describe current steps in the implementation of the proposed scheme for the large-scale annotation of the bilingual corpus using both automatic and manual procedures.
Lexical Factorization and Syntactic Behavior
Authors: Pustejovsky James , Joshi Aravind
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we examine the correlation between lexical semantics and the syntactic realization of the different components of a word’s meaning in natural language. More specifically, we will explore the effect that lexical factorization in verb semantics has on the suppression or expression of semantic features within the sentence. Factorization was a common analytic tool employed in early generative linguistic approaches to lexical decomposition, and continues to play a role in contemporary semantics, in various guises and modified forms. Building on the unpublished analysis of verbs of seeing in Joshi (1972), we argue here that the significance of lexical factorization is twofold: first, current models of verb meaning owe much of their insight to factor-based theories of meaning; secondly, the factorization properties of a lexical item appear to influence, both directly and indirectly, the possible syntactic expressibility of arguments and adjuncts in sentence composition. We argue that this information can be used to compute what we call the factor expression likelihood (FEL) associated with a verb in a sentence. This is the likelihood that the overt syntactic expression of a factor will cooccur with the verb. This has consequences for the compositional mechanisms responsible for computing the meaning of the sentence, as well as significance in the creation of computational models attempting to capture linguistic behavior over large corpora.
Factorization of Verbs: An Analysis of Verbs of Seeing
Authors: Joshi Aravind
Published: August 2021

Previously unpublished analysis cited in "Lexical Factorization and Syntactic Behavior" in this volume.
Using Deep Neural Networks to Learn Syntactic Agreement
Authors: Bernardy Jean-Philippe , Lappin Shalom
Published: August 2021

We consider the extent to which different deep neural network (DNN) configurations can learn syntactic relations, by taking up Linzen et al.’s (2016) work on subject-verb agreement with LSTM RNNs. We test their methods on a much larger corpus than they used (a ⇠24 million example part of the WaCky corpus, instead of their ⇠1.35 million example corpus, both drawn from Wikipedia). We experiment with several different DNN architectures (LSTM RNNs, GRUs, and CNNs), and alternative parameter settings for these systems (vocabulary size, training to test ratio, number of layers, memory size, drop out rate, and lexical embedding dimension size). We also try out our own unsupervised DNN language model. Our results are broadly compatible with those that Linzen et al. report. However, we discovered some interesting, and in some cases, surprising features of DNNs and language models in their performance of the agreement learning task. In particular, we found that DNNs require large vocabularies to form substantive lexical embeddings in order to learn structural patterns. This finding has interesting consequences for our understanding of the way in which DNNs represent syntactic information. It suggests that DNNs learn syntactic patterns more efficiently through rich lexical embeddings, with semantic as well as syntactic cues, than from training on lexically impoverished strings that highlight structural patterns.
Exploiting parsed corpora in grammar teaching
Authors: Wallis Sean , Cushing Ian , Aarts Bas
Published: August 2021

The principal barrier to the uptake of technologies in schools is not technological, but social and political. Teachers must be convinced of the pedagogical benefits of a particular curriculum before they will agree to learn the means to teach it. The teaching of formal grammar to first language students in schools is no exception to this rule. Over the last three decades, most schools in England have been legally required to teach grammatical subject knowledge, i.e. linguistic knowledge of grammar terms and structure, to children age five and upwards as part of the national curriculum in English. A mandatory set of curriculum specifications for England and Wales was published in 2014, and elsewhere similar requirements were imposed. However, few current English school teachers were taught grammar themselves, and the dominant view has long been in favour of ‘real books’ rather than the teaching of a formal grammar. English grammar teaching thus faces multiple challenges: to convince teachers of the value of grammar in their own teaching, to teach the teachers the knowledge they need, and to develop relevant resources to use in the classroom. Alongside subject knowledge, teachers need pedagogical knowledge – how to teach grammar effectively and how to integrate this teaching into other kinds of language learning. The paper introduces the Englicious web platform for schools, and summarises its development and impact since publication. Englicious draws data from the fully-parsed British Component of the International Corpus of English, ICE-GB. The corpus offers plentiful examples of genuine natural language, speech and writing, with context and potentially audio playback. However, corpus examples may be age-inappropriate or over-complex, and without grammar training, teachers are insufficiently equipped to use them. In the absence of grammatical knowledge among teachers, it is insufficient simply to give teachers and children access to a corpus. Whereas so-called ‘classroom concordancing’ approaches offer access to tools and encourage bottom-up learning, Englicious approaches the question of grammar teaching in a concept-driven, top-down way. It contains a modular series of professional development resources, lessons and exercises focused on each concept in turn, in which corpus examples are used extensively. Teachers must be able to discuss with a class why, for instance, work is a noun in a particular sentence, rather than merely report that it is. The paper describes the development of Englicious from secondary to primary, and outlines some of the practical challenges facing the design of this type of teaching resource. A key question, the ‘selection problem’, concerns how tools parameterise the selection of relevant examples for teaching purposes. Finally we discuss curricula for teaching teachers and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the intervention.
Bootstrapping a Statistical Speech Translator From a Rule-Based One
Authors: Rayner Manny , Bouillon Pierrette , Estrella Paula , Nakao Yukie , Christian Gwen
Published: August 2021

We describe a series of experiments in which we start with English to French and English to Japanese versions of a rule-based speech translation system for a medical domain, and bootstrap corresponding statistical systems. Comparative evaluation reveals that the statistical systems are still slightly inferior to the rule-based ones, despite the fact that considerable effort has been invested in tuning both the recognition and translation components; however, a hybrid system is able to deliver a small but significant improvement in performance. In conclusion, we suggest that the hybrid architecture we describe potentially allows construction of limited-domain speech translation systems which combine substantial source-language coverage with high-precision translation.
Data-Intensive Experimental Linguistics
Authors: Abney Steven
Published: August 2021

Computational linguistics is not a specialization of linguistics at all; it is a branch of computer science. A large majority of computational linguists have degrees in computer science and positions in computer science departments. It was founded as an offshoot of an engineering discipline (machine translation), and has been subsequently shaped by its place within artificial intelligence, and by a heavy influx of theory and method from speech recognition (another engineering discipline) and machine learning.

But computation is a means to an end; the essential feature is data collection, analysis, and prediction on the large scale. I will call it data-intensive experimental linguistics.

I wish to explain how data-intensive linguistics differs from mainstream practice, why I consider it to be genuine linguistics, and why I believe that it enables fundamental advances in our understanding of language.
How relevant is linguistics to computational linguistics?
Authors: Johnson Mark
Published: August 2021

I start by explaining what I take computational linguistics to be, and discuss the relationship between its scientific side and its engineering applications. Statistical techniques have revolutionised many scientific fields in the past two decades, including computational linguistics. I describe the evolution of my own research in statistical parsing and how that lead me away from focusing on the details of any specific linguistic theory, and to concentrate instead on discovering which types of information (i.e., features) are important for specific linguistic processes, rather than on the details of exactly how this information should be formalised. I end by describing some of the ways that ideas from computational linguistics, statistics and machine learning may have an impact on linguistics in the future.
Variety, Idiosyncracy, and Complexity in Language and Language Technologies
Authors: Levin Lori
Published: August 2021

This paper addresses three issues in language technologies. For each issue, the paper recommends an area of linguistics that is easily accessible to computer scientists and provides some examples that may be thought-provoking. The first issue is linguistic diversity, which is addressed by language typology. Typology provides an insightful view of the syntax and semantics of word order, as presented in Section 2.2. The second issue is the long tail of sparse phenomena. Section 3.3 uses Construction Grammar as a framework for addressing the details of definiteness and modality. Finally, Section 4 addresses how to make error analysis fun. It moves beyond monoclausal sentences and revives some rules from 1970s style transformational grammar as a fun way to analyze complex sentences.
Polish Dependency Bank
Authors: Wróblewska Alina
Published: August 2021

The paper outlines the first Polish dependency bank derived from constituent trees. The conversion is a fully automatic and unambiguous process. The converter takes manually disambiguated constituent trees encoded in the XML format as input and produces dependency structures encoded in the column-based CoNLL format. The conversion is a relatively straightforward process, since constituents have their syntactic centers marked in most cases. However, a certain amount of reorganizing is necessary, in order to make the dependency structures meet annotation principles. The main part of the paper will be devoted to characteristics of Polish dependency types. The Polish dependency bank can be used for training or evaluation of Polish parsers.
Using hybrid logic for querying dependency treebanks
Authors: Søgaard Anders , Kristiansen Søren Lind
Published: August 2021

Existing logic-based querying tools for dependency treebanks use first order logic or monadic second order logic. We introduce a very fast model checker based on hybrid logic with operators ↓, @ and A and show that it is much faster than an existing querying tool for dependency treebanks based on first order logic, and much faster than an existing general purpose hybrid logic model checker. The querying tool is made publicly available.
A Hybrid Approach to Error Detection in a Treebank
Authors: Agarwal Rahul , Ambati Bharat Ram , Sharma Dipti Misra
Published: August 2021

Treebanks are a linguistic resource: a large database where the morphological, syntactic and lexical information for each sentence has been explicitly marked. The critical requirements of treebanks for various NLP activities (research and application) are well known. This also implies that treebanks need to be as error free as possible. However, manual validation of a treebank is very costly, both in terms of time and money. This paper describes an approach to automatically detect errors in a treebank after a complete manual annotation. Over and above improving an earlier error detection tool (Ambati et al. (2011)) for a Hindi treebank. We also present a user study to show that our system reduces the validation time significantly while detecting 81.49% of the errors at the dependency level.
The BIUTEE Research Platform for Transformation-based Textual Entailment Recognition
Authors: Stern Asher , Dagan Ido
Published: August 2021

Recent progress in research of the Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) task shows a constantly-increasing level of complexity in this research field. A way to avoid having this complexity becoming a barrier for researchers, especially for new-comers in the field, is to provide a freely available RTE system with a high level of flexibility and extensibility. In this paper, we introduce our RTE system, BiuTee2, and suggest it as an effective research framework for RTE. In particular, BiuTee follows the prominent transformation-based paradigm for RTE, and offers an accessible platform for research within this approach. We describe each of BiuTee’s components and point out the mechanisms and properties which directly support adaptations and integration of new components. In addition, we describe BiuTee’s visual tracing tool, which provides notable assistance for researchers in refining and “debugging” their knowledge resources and inference components.
Frege in Space: A Program for Compositional Distributional Semantics
Authors: Baroni Marco , Bernardi Raffaella , Zamparelli Roberto
Published: August 2021

The lexicon of any natural language encodes a huge number of distinct word meanings. Just to understand this article, you will need to know what thousands of words mean. The space of possible sentential meanings is infinite: In this article alone, you will encounter many sentences that express ideas you have never heard before, we hope. Statistical semantics has addressed the issue of the vastness of word meaning by proposing methods to harvest meaning automatically from large collections of text (corpora). Formal semantics in the Fregean tradition has developed methods to account for the infinity of sentential meaning based on the crucial insight of compositionality, the idea that meaning of sentences is built incrementally by combining the meanings of their constituents. This article sketches a new approach to semantics that brings together ideas from statistical and formal semantics to account, in parallel, for the richness of lexical meaning and the combinatorial power of sentential semantics. We adopt, in particular, the idea that word meaning can be approximated by the patterns of co-occurrence of words in corpora from statistical semantics, and the idea that compositionality can be captured in terms of a syntax-driven calculus of function application from formal semantics.
Recent Progress on Monotonicity
Authors: Icard III Thomas F. , Moss Lawrence S.
Published: August 2021

This paper serves two purposes. It is a summary of much work concerning formal treatments of monotonicity and polarity in natural language, and it also discusses connections to related work on exclusion relations, and connections to psycholinguistics and computational linguistics. The second part of the paper presents a summary of some new work on a formal Monotonicity Calculus.
Prandtl Number Effects on the Entropy Generation During the Transient Mixed Convection in a Square Cavity Heated from Below
Authors: Ferroudj Nawal , Koten Hasan , Kachi Sacia , Boudebous Saadoun
Published: August 2021

This numerical study considers the mixed convection, heat transfer and the entropy generation within a square cavity partially heated from below with moving cooled vertical sidewalls. All the other horizontal sides of the cavity are assumed adiabatic. The governing equations, in stream function–vorticity form, are discretized and solved using the finite difference method. Numerical simulations are carried out, by varying the Richardson number, to show the impact of the Prandtl number on the thermal, flow fields, and more particularly on the entropy generation. Three working fluid, generally used in practice, namely mercury (Pr = 0.0251), air (Pr = 0.7296) and water (Pr = 6.263) are investigated and compared. Predicted streamlines, isotherms, entropy generation, as well as average Nusselt numbers are presented. The obtained results reveal that the impact of the Prandtl number is relatively significant both on the heat transfer performance and on the entropy generation. The average Nusselt number increase with increasing Prandtl number. Its value varies thereabouts from 3.7 to 3.8 for mercury, from 5.5 to 13 for air and, from 12.5 to 15 for water. In addition, it is found that the total average entropy generation is significantly higher in the case of mercury (Pr«1) and water (Pr»1) than in the case of air (Pr~1). Its value varies approximately from 700 to 1100 W/m3 K for mercury, from 200 to 500 W/m3 K for water and, from 0.03 to 5 W/m3 K for air.
Genetic variability and yield components of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.)
Authors: Sultana Zakia , Ahmed Nahid , Saiful Islam Mohammad , Rahim Abdur
Published: August 2021

Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.) is one of the important leguminous vegetables in Bangladesh. However, yield of this vegetable is much lower in Bangladesh compared to other yard long beangrowing countries. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the yield of this vegetable. In the present study, genetic variability, heritability, character association and genetic diversity were evaluated on randomized complete block design with three replications among seven-yard-long bean genotypes. The genotypes were significantly variable for the studied characters. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed in number of pods per plant and pod yield per plant. Accordingly, high heritability together with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in number of pod per plant, pod diameter and hundred seed weight. The correlation studies revealed that pod yield per plant showed significant positive correlation with number of seed per pod, number of pods per plant while significantly negative correlation with days to marketable harvest at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path analysis revealed days to first flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, pod weight and number of seeds per pod had direct positive effect on pod yield per plant. The studied genotypes were clustered into 3 groups with highest of inter-cluster distance between cluster I and III while lowest between cluster II and III. The genotypes of cluster I exhibited higher mean performance while lower in cluster III for important traits including pod yield per plant.
Prospects for academic libraries in science information environment
Authors: Krylova N. P. , Levashov E. N.
Published: August 2021

The author systematize history of Russian university libraries, analyze their progressing in digital environment, and discuss new possibilities for modernizing education and academic libraries, in particular. The laws and regulations for university libraries are reviewed; their functions and services are specified. As a result of global information processes intensive growth, the demand for elibraries and their services have been increasing. The students of Cherepovets State University were surveyed on the issues of library service efficiency. The survey proved the significance and relevance of library services for the students; the strengths and weaknesses of library services were identified. The authors emphasize the need for intensifying marketing component in library activities and promotion of its services, and for studying target audience demands. The prospects for academic libraries are also discussed.
Differentiation Between the Aalignant Mesothelioma of Pleura and Pleural Metastasis with Contrast Enhanced CT, Is It Possible?
Authors: Butnian Krittachat , Muangman Nisa , Totanarungroj Kanyarat , Wonglaksanapimon Suwimon
Published: August 2021

Objective: To compare CT findings between malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and metastatic pleuraldisease (MPD).Materials and Methods: CT chest images of 157 cases of pathologically-proven malignant pleural disease(21 MPM, 136 MPD) were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists who were blinded to the diagnosis. Findingsof interest included pleural effusion, pleural thickening, organ invasion, lymphadenopathy, dominant lung nodule,pulmonary or extra-thoracic organ metastasis, and asbestos-related disease.Results: Findings commonly found in MPM compared with MPD are circumferential pleural thickening (52.4%vs 14.0%, p<0.001), pleural mass (33.3% vs 7.4%, p<0.001), organs invasion (57.1% vs 9.6%, p<0.001), and asbestosrelated disease (19% vs 0%, p<0.001).Conclusions: Circumferential pleural thickening, pleural mass, presence of organ invasion, and CT finding ofasbestos-related pleural disease were the CT findings that raise the possibility of MPM.
Conceptualization of Bioactive Materials in Dental Caries Prevention
Authors: Govind Shashirekha , Jena Amit , Mohanty Neeta , Kamilla Sushanta Kumar
Published: August 2021

Clinicians always face a challenge in selecting the appropriate material for clinical use. Presently, the term bioactive is being used judiciously and unquestionably in the field of dental materials. The introduction of nanotechnology brought about a revolution in material science leading to the development of bioactive materials for caries prevention and management. This review comprehensively evaluates the use of bioactive materials for modification of the oral biome, prevention of dental caries, and the management of dental caries as restorative materials. Six online database (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library) were systematically searched using broad keywords. Published articles were scrutinized, analyzed and the full-text articles were selected. Data reveals relatively limited application of tissue engineering and regeneration for enamel and dentin due to their limited ability to remodel. However, many steps are being taken in biomimetic approach for the modification of dentin. The path to overcoming any challenges will require active collaboration among clinicians, a material scientist and pulp biologist.
Análisis de integrales trigonométricas notables
Authors: Insuasti Castelo Rómel Manolo , Mendoza Castillo Javier Roberto
Published: August 2021

Introducción. El cálculo de integrales trigonométricas es un proceso que reviste el empleo de algunas técnicas de integración, para esto se debe tener claro los procedimientos a seguir y ser muy observador al elegir la técnica de integración apropiada. Objetivo. Se desea simplificar el cálculo de la integral trigonométrica notable. Metodología. Para entender esta metodología  es necesario conocer algunos conceptos que están alrededor de las funciones trigonométricas a integrar, como son la periodicidad de una función , su paridad (función par o impar), y que las integrales estén evaluadas en los límites correspondientes a los intervalos de la periodicidad, a este tipo de integrales las denominaremos integrales notables pues no es estrictamente necesario evaluarlas por procesos de integración sino que se deducen su resultado a partir de los conceptos antes mencionados. Resultados. Si bien es cierto que las integrales mencionadas se las pueden encontrar resueltas, la intención de este análisis es mostrar que el resultado de estas integrales es fácil recordar en comunión de los conceptos citados de manera mecánica y sencilla.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Penggajian Dosen Berbasis Web
Authors: Mulyani Asri , Kurniadi Dede , Rima Fauziyah Siti
Published: August 2021

Dengan adanya sistem ini dapat memberikan kemudahan dalam pengelolaan data penggajian, pembuatan slip gaji, pembuatan laporan penggajian dapat membantu dalam perhitungan gaji serta menghindari resiko-resiko yang dapat menghambat dalam proses pengelolaan penggajian. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi Rational Unified Process (RUP).  Rational Unified Process merupakan proses rekayasa perangkat lunak yang menyediakan pendefinisian struktur yang baik untuk alur hidup proyek perangkat lunak. Tahapan metodologi ini meliputi inception, elaboration, construction dan transition serta dimodelkan dengan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem informasi penggajian dosen berbasis web yang dapat digunakan oleh pengelola keuangan di intansi tersebut. Pengujian hasil dari penelitian ini menggunakan metode blackbox testing yang merupakan cara uji coba perangkat lunak pada sistem informasi yang berfokus pada spesifikasi fungsional dari perangkat lunak sistem informasi yang sudah dibangun.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Clinical Studies of a Drug "Flakozid" in the Treatment of Diseases of the Hepatobiliary System
Authors: Bortnikova V. V. , Karabaeva V. V. , Krepkova L. V. , Mizina P. G. , Babenko A. N. , Mikheeva N. S. , Karabaeva O. N.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The medicine "Flakozid" with hepatoprotective effect has been developed at the VILAR. The drug is presented in dosage form-tablets of 0.1 g for oral drug administration

Aim. To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of "Flakozid" therapy according to clinical laboratory methods, as well as the motility of the gallbladder and bile ducts in patients with diseases of the hepatobiliary system.

Materials and methods. The results of clinical studies of "Flakozid" (0.1 g tablets) were analyzed in 99 patients with chronic active hepatitis, chronic stone-free cholecystitis and fatty liver dystrophy, conducted in 2 clinical institutions: Perm State Medical University. Academician E. A. Wagner of the Ministry of Health of Russia and the Central Research Institute of Gastroenterology. "Flakozid" was prescribed against the background of a therapeutic diet (Table No. 5) of 0.1-0.2 g 3 times a day after meals for 32 days and repeated courses (3-5) for 6-12 months. Analysis of the efficacy and safety of "Flakozid" was carried out on the basis of the results of clinical and laboratory studies: general and biochemical blood analysis, general urinalysis, electrocardiogram. To study the motility of the gallbladder and biliary tract, the method of multifractional duodenal probing was used to determine the functional state of the sphincter apparatus of the gallbladder and biliary tract. In cystic and hepatic bile, its biochemical composition was determined. All patients underwent X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract, liver scanning and hepatography with iodine-131-bengal-roz.

Results and discussion. In chronic active hepatitis, chronic stone-free cholecystitis and fatty liver dystrophy the use of "Flakozid" orally in daily doses of 0.3-0.6 g for 25-45 days led to an improvement in the General condition of patients, a decrease in pain in the right hypochondrium, a decrease in dyspeptic disorders, and an improvement in appetite. According to cholecystography, the indicators of concentration and contractility of the gallbladder improved. In terms of the severity of the therapeutic effect, "Flakozid" was not inferior to silibor and carsil, and in some indicators (improvement of the motility of the gallbladder and biliary tract) significantly exceeded them.

Conclusions. Treatment of "Flakozid" improved functional state of the liver, reducing the syndrome of cytolysis and cholestasis. "Flakozid" is recommended in clinical practice in the complex treatment of diseases of the hepatobiliary system, such as chronic active hepatitis, chronic stone-free cholecystitis and fatty liver dystrophy.
Determination of Lappaconitin, Diterpene Alkaloide Obtained from Plants Aconitum leucostomum, and its Active Metabolite N-desacetyllappaconitin in Human Plasma and Blood
Authors: Archakova O. A. , Komarov T. N. , Rogov A. V. , Shchelgacheva D. S. , Aleshina A. A. , Bagaeva N. S. , Shohin I. E.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Lappaconitine is an alkaloid, contained into Aconitum leucostomum Vorosh. roots and herbs. The alkaloid is indicated to arrhythmia. The lappaconitine drugs are metabolized into eight pharmacologically active substances, but N-desacetyllappaconitine is the most effective. Drugs based on a lappaconitine has narrow therapeutic range and many kinds of side effects. Pharmacokinetics of lappaconitine should be more studied for safety medical use of lappaconitine drugs.

Aim. The aim of this study is to develop method for the quantitative determination of lappaconitine and its active metabolite N-desacetyllappaconitine in human plasma and blood by high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Materials and methods. Determination of lappaconitine and N-desacetyllappaconitine in plasma and blood was carried out by HPLC-MS/MS. The samples were processed by acetonitrile protein precipitation.

Results and discussion. This method was validated by next parameters: selectivity, matrix effect, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, spike recovery, lower limit of quantification, carry-over effect and stability.

Conclusion. The method of the quantitative determination of lappaconitine and N-desacetyllappaconitine in human plasma and blood was developed and validated by HPLC-MS/MS. The analytical range of the was 0.50-50.00 ng/ml for lappaconitine and 0.50-100.00 ng/ml for N-desacetyllappaconitine in biological matrix. Method could be applied to determination of lappaconitine and N-desacetyllappaconitine for PK studies.
Scaling of the Granulation Process in the Conditions of GMP Training Center and Assessment of Possible Risks
Authors: Abrosimova O. N. , Burakova M. A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The stage of wet granulation is often used in the technology of solids. The method of wet granulation in a mixer-granulator with high shear force can be regarded as the most complicated method of its implementation from the engineering and technological point of view. The mixer-granulator has two mixers located in mutually perpendicular planes. Using an impeller, dry components are mixed, and the chopper, turning on when spraying a humidifier, ensures the formation of granules. By setting different chopper rotational speed, granules of different sizes can be obtained. This granulator has the following advantages: it provides a high product yield (≥ 99 %), takes up small workspaces, and the closed design ensures environmental protection.

Aim. The aim of the research is to scale the granulation process, on the example of the solids production technology, using the wet granulation stage - in a mixer-granulator with high shear force.

Materials and methods. Dry extract «N» and auxiliary substances were used as a pharmaceutical substance: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) (MICROCEL® MC-102), potato starch, povidone (Plasdone™ K-29/32), calcium stearate. Granulate under scaling conditions was produced in a mixer-granulator with high shear force. Technological properties of dry extract «N» and granulate were determined by the methods described in National pharmacopeia XIV.

Results and discussion. On the basis of experimental studies, it was found that the resulting granulate, both when obtained under laboratory conditions and under scaling conditions, has good flowability, and also has a homogeneous fractional composition. The presence of a grinder in the mixer-granulator made it possible to obtain a more uniform fractional composition of the granulate. A 10-fold increase in loading did not affect the composition of the granulate. When scaling the pelletizing process, a risk analysis was carried out, factors influencing the technological process were identified and structured. It turned out that the most important stages are mixing and the actual granulation. To obtain a homogeneous mixture, additional equipment was used - a mixer.

Conclusion. As a result of scaling up the granulation process, the parameters of wet granulation in the mixer-granulator (optimal loading, impeller and grinder rotation frequency), technological properties of the resulting granulate, and risks affecting the technological process were selected. were evaluated and a causal diagram (Ishikawa diagram) was drawn.
Procedure for Reviewing Pharmaceutical Inspections in the Eurasian Economic Union (Review)
Authors: Meshkovskiy A. P. , Beregovykh V. V. , Shestakov V. N. , Pyatigorskaya N. V. , Aladysheva Zh. I. , Nikolenko N. S. , Pyatigorskiy A. M. , Nesterkina E. I.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. The article discusses significant changes in the procedure for pharmaceutical inspection of drug manufacturers for compliance with the requirements of the rules of good manufacturing practice (GMP) of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), related to restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Text. The article presents the main international guidelines describing the remote conduct of pharmaceutical inspections, which is the basis for further updating the relevant procedures in the law of the EAEU. An overview of the foreign practice of pharmaceutical inspection during the pandemic is given. In addition, the changes in the Russian regulatory approaches to control and supervision in the Russian legislation are presented.

Conclusion. These data give an idea that, with considering the above, there is a need for further convergence of the requirements, the practice of conducting pharmaceutical inspections for compliance with the requirements of GMP Rules in order to harmonize the norms between Russian regulatory documents, the norms of the EAEU law and international standards. This requires the development of a dialogue with the participation of stakeholders.