bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel surgical approach for fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens of Rayner 620 H with Gore-Tex suture
Authors: Wang Tan , Chen Youxin , Lu Jun , Li Ningning , Min Hanyi
Published: January 2023

Purpose

To report a novel surgical approach for the scleral fixation of the Rayner 620 H intraocular lens (IOL) with Gore-Tex suture and its outcomes at 6 months postoperatively.

Methods

19 consecutive patients who underwent novel surgical approach for the scleral fixation of Rayner 620 H IOL with Gore-Tex suture at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between June 2020 and June 2021 were included. Data on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent, total astigmatism/axis, short-term and long-term complications, and corresponding management with a follow-up of 6 months were collected.

Results

Nineteen patients (11 men and 8 women) with a mean age of 62.7 ± 10.6 years were included. The median BCVA improved significantly from 0.90 ± 0.90 (Snellen 20/160) preoperatively to 0.20 ± 0.30 (Snellen 20/32) at postoperative 6 months follow-up (P < 0.001). The stratification of the accuracy of refractive outcomes was 53% of patients within ± 0.5 D and 84% of patients within ± 1.0 D of the refractive target. Corneal edema (n = 3, 16%) and increased intraocular pressure (IOP) (n = 4, 11%) were short-term complications. Long-term complications included increased IOP (n = 1, 5%), and macular edema (n = 1, 5%).

Conclusion

The novel surgical approach for scleral fixation of the Rayner 620 H IOL with Gore-Tex suture is a reasonable option for patients who need secondary IOL placement without adequate capsular support.
Delay in seeking healthcare for pneumonia and associated factors among mothers/caregivers of children aged 2–59 months in public health facilities in Nekemte town, Ethiopia
Authors: Temsesgen Dereje , Wordofa Berhanu , Tesfaye Tewodros , Etafa Werku
Published: January 2023

Background

Pneumonia is the most significant infectious disease and the predominant cause of death among under-five children (U5C) in low- and middle-income countries. It is the second leading cause of death in Ethiopia. Delay in seeking healthcare is one of the contributing factors to pneumonia-associated mortality. There is a limitation to the study aimed at identifying health-seeking behavior and risk factors in the western part of Ethiopia. The study aimed to determine the level of delay in seeking healthcare for pneumonia and associated factors among caregivers of U5C in public health facilities in Nekemte town, Ethiopia.

Methods

A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st March to 5thApril, 2022 using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire to collect data from 410 caregivers of children aged 2–59 months. We used a systematic sampling technique for collecting the data. For analysis, data were entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of delay in seeking healthcare for pneumonia at a p-value < 0.05 using a 95% confidence interval (CI) in multivariable logistic regression.

Results

A proportion of delays in seeking healthcare for pneumonia among children aged 2-59 months is 62.2%. Rural residence (AOR = 2.77, CI:2.48-5.17), child aged ≥12 months (AOR = 5.4,95%CI:4.17-7.20), monthly income < 1000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 6.11,95%CI:2.16-17.26,), not using health insurance (AOR = 8.93,95%CI:5.43-14.68), use of self-medication (AOR = 10.97,95%CI:1.85-65.3), poor knowledge (AOR = 4.63,95%CI: 1.35-15.9), perceiving illness due to pneumonia as mild (AOR = 14.97,95%CI:9.76-22.9) and no previous admission history (AOR = 2.85,95%CI:1.77-4.56) were significant factors for delay in seeking healthcare for pneumonia among children aged 2-59 months.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes that caregivers’ delay in seeking healthcare for pneumonia is high. Creating caregivers’ awareness or providing adequate health education to develop early healthcare-seeking behavior and encouraging caregivers to use health insurance is essential.
Altered circulating GDF-15 level predicts sex hormone imbalance in males with major depressive disorder
Authors: Li Ying , Mei Ting , Sun Ting , Xiao Xuan , Peng Rui
Published: January 2023

Background

It has been hypothesized that higher growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) level and lower testosterone/ estradiol (T/E) ratio are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), yet the underlying effect of serum GDF15 on hinting the T/E ratio imbalance is not fully understood. We observed the correlation between serum T/E ratio and circulating GDF15 in male depressed cohort.

Methods

The sample consisted of participants (aged 18 ~ 65 years) from the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University with MDD (n = 412) defined according to a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V (SCID), and male healthy controls (n = 137). Serum levels of testosterone, estradiol, and depression risk biomarkers (thyroid hormone, lipids, hs-CRP, Tenascin-C [TNC], GDF15, KLF4, Gas6, and sgp130) were measured. The associations among log-transformed T/E ratio and these biomarkers were analyzed using univariate correlation analysis, category analyses, and linear regression adjusting for standard risk factors.

Results

Of the sample, 36.89% had lower T/E ratio (< 10:1) and 10.20% had higher T/E ratio (> 20:1). After multivariable adjustment, T/E ratio was negatively associated with GDF15 (-0.095 [95%CI-0.170 ~ -0.023] standard deviation [SD] change per SD increase in lg[T/E],P = 0.015) and inversely related to TNC (-0.085 [95%CI-0.167 ~ 0.003] standard deviation [SD] change per SD increase in lg[T/E],P = 0.048). Serum T/E ratio was negatively associated with GDF15 level in both FT3, TSH and HDL strata, whereas this association was not observed in TNC. In T/E ratio strata analyses, there is a significant and negative correlation among T/E ratio and GDF15 in depressive patients with sex hormone imbalance, yet this relationship was not investigated in patients with sex hormone balance.

Conclusion

In our community-based observation, circulating GDF-15 level was greatly and inversely associated with serum T/E ratio, indicating that higher GDF-15 alerts sex hormone imbalance in patients with MDD.
Serum procalcitonin improves diagnosis of infectious complications after CRS/HIPEC
Authors: Roth Lilian , Eshmuminov Dilmurodjon , Russo Linda , Laminger Felix , Kober Friedrich , Roka Sebastian , Lehmann Kuno
Published: January 2023

Background

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) improve the survival of selected patients with peritoneal metastasis. A major cause of treatment-related morbidity after CRS/HIPEC is infection and sepsis. HIPEC alters the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of blood and serum markers and therefore has an impact on early diagnosis of postoperative complications. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of blood and serum markers after CRS/HIPEC.

Methods

Patients from two centers, operated between 2009 and 2017, were enrolled in this study. Perioperative blood samples were analyzed for white blood cells (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT); postoperative complications were graded according to Clavien-Dindo and infectious complications according to CDC criteria.

Results

Overall, n=248 patients were included with peritoneal metastasis from different primary tumors treated by CRS/HIPEC. Depending on the applied HIPEC protocol, patients presented a suppressed WBC response to infection. In addition, a secondary and unspecific CRP elevation in absence of an underlining infection, and pronounced after prolonged perfusion for more than 60 min. PCT was identified as a highly specific — although less sensitive — marker to diagnose infectious complications after CRS/HIPEC.

Discussion/conclusion

Sensitivity and specificity of WBC counts and CRP values to diagnose postoperative infection are limited in the context of HIPEC. PCT is helpful to specify suspected infection. Overall, diagnosis of postoperative complications remains a clinical diagnosis, requiring surgical expertise and experience.
Incidence of traumatic sciatic nerve injury in patients with acetabular fractures and factors affecting recovery: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Zhigang , Tao Fulin , Xu Weicheng , Liu Fanxiao , Dong Jinlei , Li Lianxin , Hao Zhenhai , Zhou Dongsheng , Lu Shun
Published: January 2023

Background

Reports on traumatic sciatic nerve injury associated with acetabular fracture are rare. In this study, we investigated the demographics of these injuries, their clinical characteristics, management, and factors potentially influencing neurological recovery.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed to have acetabular fracture at our trauma center between January 2014 and June 2021. Data on patient demographics, characteristics of sciatic nerve injury, neurological recovery, factors potentially influencing neurological recovery were analyzed.

Results

Eighteen patients (bilateral in one case) met the diagnostic criteria. All these injuries involved the posterior wall or posterior column, and most patients had posterior dislocation of the hip joint. Four of the 19 sides with traumatic sciatic nerve injury involved the common peroneal nerve division and 15 involved both the common peroneal and tibial nerve divisions. Seventeen patients (18 sides) underwent intraoperative nerve exploration, which revealed abnormalities in 7 sides and no obvious abnormality in 11 sides. At the last follow-up, 10 sides (52.6%) had complete recovery and 9 (47.4%) had partial recovery; the difference was statistically significant between those with or without abnormal nerve damage during exploration (P = 0.046). Linear regression analysis showed that a nerve abnormality detected intraoperatively was a predictor of nerve recovery (P = 0.009). The mean recovery time was significantly longer for partial recovery than for complete recovery (13.78 months vs. 6.70 months; P = 0.001).

Conclusions

All the injuries in this series involved the posterior wall or posterior column, and most patients had posterior dislocation of the hip joint. Damage to the common peroneal nerve division was more severe than that to the tibial nerve division preoperatively. However, the degree of recovery of the common peroneal division was not worse than that of the tibial division. There was a relationship between the degree of neurological recovery and whether there was an abnormality at the time of intraoperative nerve exploration. Patients with partial recovery took longer to recover.
“THE MANTLE” bundle for minimizing cerebral hypoxia in severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: Godoy Daniel Agustin , Murillo-Cabezas Francisco , Suarez Jose Ignacio , Badenes Rafael , Pelosi Paolo , Robba Chiara
Published: January 2023

To ensure neuronal survival after severe traumatic brain injury, oxygen supply is essential. Cerebral tissue oxygenation represents the balance between oxygen supply and consumption, largely reflecting the adequacy of cerebral perfusion. Multiple physiological parameters determine the oxygen delivered to the brain, including blood pressure, hemoglobin level, systemic oxygenation, microcirculation and many factors are involved in the delivery of oxygen to its final recipient, through the respiratory chain. Brain tissue hypoxia occurs when the supply of oxygen is not adequate or when for some reasons it cannot be used at the cellular level. The causes of hypoxia are variable and can be analyzed pathophysiologically following “the oxygen route.” The current trend is precision medicine, individualized and therapeutically directed to the pathophysiology of specific brain damage; however, this requires the availability of multimodal monitoring. For this purpose, we developed the acronym “THE MANTLE,” a bundle of therapeutical interventions, which covers and protects the brain, optimizing the components of the oxygen transport system from ambient air to the mitochondria.
Do U.S. economic conditions at the state level predict the realized volatility of oil-price returns? A quantile machine-learning approach
Authors: Gupta Rangan , Pierdzioch Christian
Published: January 2023

Because the U.S. is a major player in the international oil market, it is interesting to study whether aggregate and state-level economic conditions can predict the subsequent realized volatility of oil price returns. To address this research question, we frame our analysis in terms of variants of the popular heterogeneous autoregressive realized volatility (HAR-RV) model. To estimate the models, we use quantile-regression and quantile machine learning (Lasso) estimators. Our estimation results highlights the differential effects of economic conditions on the quantiles of the conditional distribution of realized volatility. Using weekly data for the period April 1987 to December 2021, we document evidence of predictability at a biweekly and monthly horizon.
Sybil: A Validated Deep Learning Model to Predict Future Lung Cancer Risk From a Single Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography
Authors: Mikhael Peter G. , Wohlwend Jeremy , Yala Adam , Karstens Ludvig , Xiang Justin , Takigami Angelo K. , Bourgouin Patrick P. , Chan PuiYee , Mrah Sofiane , Amayri Wael , Juan Yu-Hsiang , Yang Cheng-Ta , Wan Yung-Liang , Lin Gigin , Sequist Lecia V. , Fintelmann Florian J. , Barzilay Regina
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer screening is effective, although most eligible people are not being screened. Tools that provide personalized future cancer risk assessment could focus approaches toward those most likely to benefit. We hypothesized that a deep learning model assessing the entire volumetric LDCT data could be built to predict individual risk without requiring additional demographic or clinical data.

METHODS

We developed a model called Sybil using LDCTs from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). Sybil requires only one LDCT and does not require clinical data or radiologist annotations; it can run in real time in the background on a radiology reading station. Sybil was validated on three independent data sets: a heldout set of 6,282 LDCTs from NLST participants, 8,821 LDCTs from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), and 12,280 LDCTs from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH, which included people with a range of smoking history including nonsmokers).

RESULTS

Sybil achieved area under the receiver-operator curves for lung cancer prediction at 1 year of 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88 to 0.95) on NLST, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.90) on MGH, and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91 to 1.00) on CGMH external validation sets. Concordance indices over 6 years were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.78), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.77 to 0.85), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.86) for NLST, MGH, and CGMH, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Sybil can accurately predict an individual's future lung cancer risk from a single LDCT scan to further enable personalized screening. Future study is required to understand Sybil's clinical applications. Our model and annotations are publicly available.

[Media: see text]
Gramática femenina en poesía de autoras contemporáneas latinoamericanas.
Authors: Azarova Natalia
Published: January 2023

El artículo está dedicado a la descripción de los fenómenos gramaticales que se dan regularmente en la poesía latinoamericana contemporánea escrita en español. Los poemas de poetisas de diferentes generaciones de varios países (Venezuela, Cuba, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina, Colombia) incluidas en la antología (español-ruso) “La Poesía latinoamericana hoy” sirve de base para esta investigación. La saturación de formas en primera persona da la impresión de una mayor importancia del yo-texto en la poesía femenina que en la masculina. Es necesario reconocer las dificultades objetivas para recrear la “gramática femenina” cuando se traduce a otro tipo de lengua. Lo más interesante en el tema de la gramática femenina son las declaraciones metalingüísticas de las poetas, que a menudo representan una declaración de un enfoque consciente de la elección de determinadas formas gramaticales y una demostración de la capacidad de las categorías gramaticales para expresar una posición feminista.
Las brujas. Topos feministas en la poesía escrita por mujeres a principios del siglo XXI: un enfoque panhispánico.
Authors: Lecadre Clara
Published: January 2023

El comienzo del siglo XXI asiste a la continuación de una tendencia iniciada en el anterior en el panorama poético de los países hispanohablantes: el rescate, en obras de autoría femenina, de personajes y arquetipos despreciados en la memoria popular. Entre estos personajes destacan brujas, hechiceras y poseedoras de conocimientos ocultos, que aparecen como figuras que las jóvenes poetas utilizan en sus obras con vistas a rehabilitarlas. A partir de una muestra representativa de esta producción, tanto en España como en Latinoamérica, veremos cómo la presencia de las brujas en la poesía femenina actual puede explicar el interés de los movimientos feministas por estas figuras, al tiempo que lo amplía y contribuye a su popularidad. Veremos, también, cómo las estrategias discursivas empleadas en poemas sobre las brujas ponen de manifiesto la idea de cohesión que se desprende de las luchas feministas actuales en muchos países de habla hispana, a la vez que denuncian las violencias ejercidas por el patriarcado sobre mujeres en la historia de sus respectivas zonas geográficas.
Herederas de Ángela Figuera Aymerich: las nuevas poetisas jóvenes españolas.
Authors: Sánchez-Saorín María
Published: January 2023

Las nuevas poetisas jóvenes españolas desarrollan en su obra temas propios de la poesía escrita por mujeres; estos parten de una tradición femenina desarrollada a lo largo del siglo XX. En España, la poetisa Ángela Figuera Aymerich formó parte de la generación que tuvo que reiniciar el camino del arte tras la Guerra Civil española, introduciendo, además, una perspectiva crítica con la realidad de las mujeres de su época, consciente de su papel como creadora. Los temas y tópicos que esta actitud poética desarrolló resuenan todavía hoy en la voz de las autoras que más recientemente han irrumpido en el panorama poético español, desde 2017 hasta 2021.
Getting your practice website ‘winter ready’
Authors: Sykes Dillon
Published: January 2023

As the NHS heads into winter and the increased demand that comes with it, your pratice website can be a vital tool. Dillon Sykes outlines five key areas to help ensure your online offering is optimised for the season
Flywheel Energy Storage Supported Adaptive Energy Management Strategy for Solar-powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station
Authors: Jithin S. , Rajeev T.
Published: January 2023

The large-scale integration of solar photovoltaic systems and electric vehicles into power systems result in technical challenges due to the volatile nature of the generation and electric vehicle load. The paper presents an energy-storage supported adaptive DC-link voltage regulation based energy management strategy for improving hybrid AC/DC microgrid stability. The proposed volatility based control approach improves hybrid microgrid stability under volatile electric vehicle loading and renewable energy fluctuations. The adaptive energy management strategy limits the overstress on flywheel energy storage depending on the flywheel SoC profile. Different load profiles and source intermittency are considered to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The combined control strategy of the interlinking converter and flywheel energy storage in power exchange mode operation and independent mode operation achieve energy balance with the change in solar irradiation and the addition/disconnection of electric vehicles. In addition, real-time experiments are performed to validate the proposed energy management strategy under various volatile conditions. The hybrid AC/DC microgrid with proposed energy management strategy provided a frequency improvement of 0.44% and voltage improvement of 7.5%.
Stability Modeling and Analysis of Grid Connected Doubly Fed Wind Energy Generation Based on Small Signal Model
Authors: Yangbing Zheng , Xiao Xue , Xing Wang , Mingyue Cui , Lu Chao
Published: January 2023

Stable wind power generation can ensure the quality of power transmitted by the grid. The application of large-scale grid-connected wind power systems will induce problems such as grid oscillation and frequency instability. In order to solve the problem of abnormal power system interaction caused by large-scale wind power access and improve the stability of grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation, this paper proposes a stability modeling analysis of grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation based on small signal model. First, the operating conditions of the grid-connected DFIG are analyzed, and the vector diagrams of the three operating conditions are given. When the grid-connected DFIG is in the super-synchronous working state, the sub-synchronous working state and the synchronous working state. According to the operating conditions of the grid-connected doubly-fed generators, the grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation system is linearized. According to the relationship between the actual speed and the synchronous speed of the doubly-fed generator, the operating conditions of the doubly-fed generator are analyzed. By introducing the small-signal model, we analyze the small-signal of the grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation system. The indirect current control circuit is used to perform reactive power compensation for grid-connected doubly-fed wind turbines. By calculating the reactive power loss of the grid-connected DFIG and the reactive power loss of the transmission line, the compensation capacity of the grid-connected DFIG is calculated. The transient voltage of the wind turbine is controlled by the rotor-side frequency converter, combined with the pitch angle control model. So far, this paper has realized the modeling analysis of grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation stability. The simulation results show that the modeling analysis in this paper is reasonable for the small-signal analysis results of the stability of grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation. In the rotor voltage simulation test, after the oscillation occurs for 1 s, the model starts to simulate and eliminate the fault. During the simulation period of 0.7 s∼1.0 s, the output voltage of the converter decreased to 168 V, and the voltage waveform did not fluctuate greatly after 1.0 s. The experimental results show that this method can improve the stability of grid-connected doubly-fed wind power generation.
Medicinal plants used by the community of Lipulalongo Village, Banggai Laut District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: HARUNA MOH. FAHRI , KENTA ABDUL MUIN , HERAWATI HERAWATI
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Haruna MF, Kenta AM, Herawati. 2022. Medicinal plants used by the community of Lipulalongo Village, Banggai Laut District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 5: 62-68. Plants have been traditionally used for medicinal purposes to cure diseases or maintain body wellness and health. However, the utilization of medicinal plants by a particular community is unique and specific to the context of area, thus it might differ from one community to another. This study aimed to document the diversity of plant species used by the community in Lipulalongo Village, Labobo Sub-district, Banggai Laut District, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, as well as to reveal the method of use of such plants in their medication practices. The research used a cruising survey method, and data collection used interviews, field observation, and identification. The study recorded 21 species of medicinal plants, namely Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl, Andrographis paniculata Burm.f., Orthosiphon stamineus Bent, Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth., Averrhoa bilimbi L., Psidium guajava L., Capsicum annum L., Annona squamosa L., Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry, Morinda citrifolia L., Gossypium arboreum L., Sesbania grandiflora (L) Pers., Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Curcuma domestica Valeton, Curcuma zedoria (Christm.) Roscoe), Areca catechu L, Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd), Carica papaya L., Theobroma cacao L., Chamaedaphne sp., and Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. The leaf was the most utilized plant organ rather than fruit, stem, bark, rhizomes, or tubers. Boiling and drinking was the most common method of preparation and mode of application, respectively. Diseases that can be prevented and treated using medicinal plants are fever, diarrhea, colds, coughs, sore teeth, skin diseases (e.g., boils, tinea versicolor, and ringworm), digestive tract diseases in the stomach, and therapy after giving birth.
Structure and composition molluscs (bivalves and gastropods) in mangrove ecosystem of Pacitan District, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: WIRAATMAJA MUHAMMAD FIRDAUS , HASANAH RAHMAWATI , DWIRANI NOOR MALITA , PRATIWI ANDINI SUKMA , RIANI FADYA ELVA , HASNANINGTYAS SITI , Nugroho Gilang D. , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI
Published: January 2023

Abstract.  Wiraatmaja MF, Hasanah R, Dwirani NM, Pratiwi AS, Riani FE, Hasnaningtyas S, Nugroho GD, Setyawan AD. 2022. Structure and composition molluscs (bivalves and gastropods) in mangrove ecosystem of Pacitan District, East Java, Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 12: 1-11. The mangrove ecosystem is a habitat for several species of molluscs. Therefore, mollusc's existence has an important role in the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem. This research was conducted to determine the structure and composition of mollusc (gastropods and bivalves) in the mangrove ecosystem of Pacitan, East Java, Indonesia. The mollusc sampling was conducted at three mangrove ecosystem locations, Teleng Ria, Grindulu, and Siwil. Each sampling research location made a plot of 10 x 10 m. Then, the individual and mollusc species that have been collected were analyzed using the Shanon-Weiner biodiversity index, species density, Margalef species richness index, evenness index, and Simpson dominance index. The molluscs found were 25 species, consisting of 17 gastropod species with 13 families. The gastropod families with the most significant number of species are Littorinidae (3), Ellobidae (2), Potamididae (2). Meanwhile, there are 8 species of bivalves consisting of 5 families. Then, Mytilidae (2), Ostreidae (2), and Veneridae (2) are the families with the most significant number of species in bivalves. The total molluscs obtained had a density of 36.9 individuals/100 m2. The mollusc biodiversity index was 2.14 (medium), mollusc species richness reached 4.1 (medium), the evenness of species in this research reached 0.66 (quite even), and the species dominance index was recorded at 0.34 (low), which means that there are no dominant species in the research location. Then, each research location has a different species and density species of molluscs. This is caused by differences in the type of substrate (such as sandy, muddy or rocky) and abiotic factors found in the research location (such as temperature, pH, and salinity).
The bacterial flora of Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus from earthen ponds in Sagana and Masinga, Kenya
Authors: KARIMI ROSALINE DAISY , NGERANWA JOSEPH J.N. , NJAGI ELIUD N.M. , KARIUKI SAM
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Karimi RD, Ngeranwa JJN, Njagi ENM, Kariuki S. 2022. The bacterial flora of Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus from earthen ponds in Sagana and Masinga, Kenya. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 12: 63-73. Food-borne diseases traced to fish consumption have been reported globally, including in Kenya. The aspect of food quality as far as fish consumption is concerned is underestimated in Kenya though aquaculture has been promoted. The bacterial flora of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) and Catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) from Masinga Dam and earthen ponds at Sagana fish farm was determined in this study to determine the anti-microbial response of the pathogenic bacteria. Tilapia fish and Catfish samples were collected from Masinga Dam and Sagana farm in the dry and rainy seasons. The fish were skinned, and gut content was taken for laboratory tests. The water and water sediment samples from these two study sites were also collected. Those samples were processed and cultured in MacConkey agar, and the selective media were subcultured in the colonies and then subjected to morphological examination from cultures. Then, the biochemical tests were carried out using commercially available API kits. The study showed the presence of bacterial species belonging to Enterobacter spp. (n=34), Pseudomonas spp. (n=6), Aeromonas spp. (n=5), Vibrio spp. (n=3) and Acinetobacter spp. (n=2) isolates during the dry season, while bacterial species belonging to Enterobacter spp. (n=31), Pseudomonas spp. (n=6), Aeromonas spp. (n=4) isolates during the dry season. The anti-microbial susceptibility analysis showed that the highest resistance rates were found against Ampicillin (Amp) (61.5% of isolates), Amoxicillin (AmL) (65.9% of isolates), Tetracycline (Te) (31.8% of isolates), and Chloramphenicol (C) (27.5% of isolates) while the lowest was Nalidixic acid (Na), Cefuroxime (Cxm) and Streptomycin (S) at (4.4% of isolates) each. All isolates were sensitive to Gentamycin (Gen), Ciprofloxacin (Cip), and Cefotaxime (CTX). The presence of the above organisms, some potentially pathogenic to humans, indicates that improperly handled, undercooked, or consumed raw fish may cause disease in susceptible individuals. At the same time, some isolates’ anti-microbial resistance indicates that the use of antibiotics in aquaculture to promote growth should be studied further with a view to policy formulation.
Dynamic computer-generated moiré profilometry based on high-density binary coding
Authors: Qin Biao , Cao Yi-ping
Published: January 2023

A dynamic computer-generated moiré profilometry based on high-density binary coding is proposed. For making full use of the maximum refresh rate and the maximum resolution of the digital light projector (DLP), the binary coded fringe is used to replace the conventional 256-gray-scale sinusoidal fringe, which can increase the refresh rate from the traditional 120 Hz to more than 1 kHz and meet the needs of dynamic measurement from the source. To realize the minimum equivalent wavelength and obtain the purest calculated moiré fringe, a minimum four-pixel period high-density binary fringe that satisfies the sampling theorem is designed for the DLP. The measuring accuracy of computer-generated moiré profilometry is effectively improved due to its minimum equivalent wavelength. The experimental results show the feasibility and practicability of the proposed method. It not only possesses higher measuring accuracy, but also possesses a proper potential application in dynamic three-dimensional measurement.
Tilting refractive x-ray lenses for fine-tuning of their focal length
Authors: Celestre Rafael , Roth Thomas , Detlefs Carsten , Qi Peng , Cammarata Marco , Sanchez del Rio Manuel , Barrett Raymond
Published: January 2023

In this work, we measure and model tilted x-ray refractive lenses to investigate their effects on an x-ray beam. The modelling is benchmarked against at-wavelength metrology obtained with x-ray speckle vector tracking experiments (XSVT) at the BM05 beamline at the ESRF-EBS light source, showing very good agreement. This validation permits us to explore possible applications of tilted x-ray lenses in optical design. We conclude that while tilting 2D lenses does not seem interesting from the point of view of aberration-free focusing, tilting 1D lenses around their focusing direction can be used for smoothly fine-tuning their focal length. We demonstrate experimentally this continuous change in the apparent lens radius of curvature R: a reduction up to a factor of two and beyond is achieved and possible applications in beamline optical design are proposed.
A systematic review of the effect of The Daily Mile™ on children’s physical activity, physical health, mental health, wellbeing, academic performance and cognitive function
Authors: Breslin Gavin , Hillyard Medbh , Brick Noel , Shannon Stephen , McKay-Redmond Brenda , McConnell Barbara
Published: January 2023

Background

A minority of children in the United Kingdom meet the recommended physical activity guidelines. One initiative which has been introduced to try and increase the physical activity levels of school children is The Daily Mile™ (TDM). The aim of this review was to determine the effect of TDM on children’s physical activity levels, physical health, mental health, wellbeing, academic performance and cognitive function.

Methods

Six databases were systematically searched from TDM’s inception (2012) to 30th June 2022. Studies were included if they involved school-aged children (aged 4–12 years), taking part in TDM and measured at least one pre-defined outcome.

Results

Thirteen studies were included from the 123 studies retrieved. Longer-term participation in TDM was found to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and physical fitness. None of the studies reported a significant change in Body Mass Index or academic performance. An acute bout of TDM was not found to improve cognitive function, however one good-quality study reported that longer-term participation in TDM increased visual spatial working memory. There was evidence from one fair-quality design study that TDM can improve mental health in the short term. There were no significant effects on wellbeing, however scores on self-perceptions improved mainly for children with low baseline self-perceptions.

Conclusion

There is evidence to show that TDM can increase physical activity and physical fitness. However, higher-quality research, with adequate participant randomisation and longer-term, post-intervention follow-up is needed to ensure that any changes accurately reflect the components of TDM and are sustained beyond an intervention time frame. Policy recommendations of TDM increasing PA levels in the short term are supported by the evidence in this review. However, long-term improvement on mental health, wellbeing, academic performance and cognitive function requires further good-to excellent quality research. Promisingly, several protocol articles that include randomised controlled trials with long term follow-up have been published. These higher-quality design studies may provide a stronger evidence-base on the effects of TDM on children’s health and should underpin future recommendations in public health policy.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42022340303.
Emotionally congruent music and text increase immersion and appraisal
Authors: Hauck Pia , Hecht Heiko
Published: January 2023

Numerous studies indicate that listening to music and reading are processes that interact in multiple ways. However, these interactions have rarely been explored with regard to the role of emotional mood. In this study, we first conducted two pilot experiments to assess the conveyed emotional mood of four classical music pieces and that of four narrative text excerpts. In the main experiment, participants were asked to read the texts while listening to the music and to rate their emotional state in terms of valence, arousal, and dominance. Subsequently, they rated text and music of the multisensory event in terms of the perceived mood, liking, immersion, and music-text fit. We found a mutual carry-over effect of happy and sad moods from music to text and vice versa. Against our expectations, this effect was not mediated by the valence, arousal, or dominance experienced by the subject. Moreover, we revealed a significant interaction between music mood and text mood. Texts were liked better, they were classified as of better quality, and participants felt more immersed in the text if text mood and music mood corresponded. The role of mood congruence when listening to music while reading should not be ignored and deserves further exploration.
The mechanism of genome replication and transcription in bunyaviruses
Authors: Malet Hélène , Williams Harry M. , Cusack Stephen , Rosenthal Maria
Published: January 2023

Bunyaviruses are negative sense, single-strand RNA viruses that infect a wide range of vertebrate, invertebrate and plant hosts. WHO lists three bunyavirus diseases as priority diseases requiring urgent development of medical countermeasures highlighting their high epidemic potential. While the viral large (L) protein containing the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is a key enzyme in the viral replication cycle and therefore a suitable drug target, our knowledge on the structure and activities of this multifunctional protein has, until recently, been very limited. However, in the last few years, facilitated by the technical advances in the field of cryogenic electron microscopy, many structures of bunyavirus L proteins have been solved. These structures significantly enhance our mechanistic understanding of bunyavirus genome replication and transcription processes and highlight differences and commonalities between the L proteins of different bunyavirus families. Here, we provide a review of our current understanding of genome replication and transcription in bunyaviruses with a focus on the viral L protein. Further, we compare within bunyaviruses and with the related influenza virus polymerase complex and highlight open questions.
Ventura Pons and Rosa Maria Sardà: Acting, the nation and cinema as totality1
Authors: Martínez-Expósito Alfredo
Published: January 2023

In his lifelong career as a film director, Ventura Pons has been praised for his unique and consistent approach to female roles. Between 1978 and 2018 he worked with virtually all of the most important Catalan actresses and developed a special affinity with some of them, such as Rosa Maria Sardà and Amparo Moreno. The extraordinary interpreting palette of both Sardà and Moreno provided Ventura Pons with a powerful repertoire of acting tones and hues, most notably in comedic genres. This article explores Pons’s construction of national discourses through the roles and performances of Sardà, focusing on the interrelated issues of self-image and national allegory. The notion of self-image, as developed by imagologists , is most relevant in the context of the Catalan nation-building project, which runs in parallel to the othering of aspects of Catalan identity that are increasingly felt as alien.
La ética de la representación en tres documentales de Trisha Ziff
Authors: Russek Dan
Published: January 2023

The article examines the documentary work of British–Mexican filmmaker Trisha Ziff. It focuses on three films: Chevolution (2008), an examination of the iconic image of Che Guevara by Cuban photographer Korda; La maleta Mexicana/The Mexican Suitcase (2012), about a trove of negatives taken by war photographers Robert Capa, Gerda Taro and David Seymour during the Spanish Civil War and found in Mexico City decades later and El hombre que vio demasiado/The Man Who Saw Too Much (2016), a documentary that follows the life and work of Mexican tabloid photographer Enrique Metinides. The article show how Ziff examines issues around the moral and legal implications in the way images are disseminated and used, the power of photography to evoke and shape historical memory, and the shock value of images of violence. It argues that the three documentaries are valuable contributions to an archaeology of modernity’s visual media, looking back at a recent period where illustrated journalism was the foremost medium of information. Taking a cue from Cornell Capa’s notion of the ‘concerned photographer’, the article shows how, underpinning Ziff’s documentaries, the notion of the ethical mission of the photographer in an age increasingly dominated by the moving image, information overload and historical amnesia is paramount.
The Cinema of Lucrecia Martel, Deborah Martin (2016)
Authors: Noble Fiona
Published: January 2023

Review of: The Cinema of Lucrecia Martel, Deborah Martin (2016)

Manchester: Manchester University Press, 160 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-71909-034-9, h/bk, £80.00

ISBN 978-1-52613-942-9, p/bk, £20.00

ISBN 978-1-78499-792-2, e-book, £18.24
Adjektiboa eta adjektibo sintagma
Authors: Goenaga Patxi
Published: January 2023

Adjektiboak ere bere kategoria nagusia, bere sintagma, islatzen du, izenak, aditzak eta abarrek bezalaxe. Adjektiboak islatzen duen sintagma adjektibo sintagma da.

Bi kokagunetan aurkituko dugu adjektibo sintagma hau: a) batetik izen sintagmaren barnean du lekua, izenaren adjuntu gisa (horko lore gorri hori; gazte kementsu bat ...) ; eta b) predikatu osagarri modura agertzea ere oso arrunta da (gizon hura oso jatorra da; arrain hau ez dago ona ...)

Lehenbizi, adjektiboaren morfologia zertxobait azalduko dugu. Ondoren, adjektiboa, sintagmaren buru delarik, zenbait adjuntuz eta osagarriz inguratuta agertzen da. Horiek aztertuko dira atal honetan. Bestalde, adjektibo bat baino gehiago ere ager daiteke sintagmaren barnean. Maila adierazten duten sintagmak eta perpausak ere aurkituko ditugu. Horrela, adjektibo sintagmaren barneko osagaien hurrenkera eta sintagma osoaren egitura zein izan daitekeen eztabaidatuko dugu.
Determinatzailea eta determinatzaile sintagma
Authors: Goenaga Patxi
Published: January 2023

Perpausean, aditza inguratuz, izen sintagmak, adpsizio sintagmak, predikatu osagarriak eta perpausak izan daitezkeela esana dugu. Atal honetan, orain arte izen sintagmatzat hartzera ohituak gauden sintagmak bestelako egiturak direla aldarrikatuko dugu, Determinatzaile sintagmak, alegia. Determinatzailea buru baitute.

Lehenbizi saiatuko gara argudiatzen zergatik DS eta ez, ia oraintsu arte esan izan den bezala, IS soila. IS baino zerbait gehiago da DS: DS-ren barneko osagaia da IS. DS-ren ardatza edo burua D(eterminatzailea) dela onartuko dugu. Mota desberdinetako elementuek osatua dago determinatzaileen multzoa: artikulua, erakusleak, zenbatzaileak, izenordainak eta abar.

Determinatzaile honek ‘koroatzen’ du nolabait izenaren inguruan eraikitzen den sintagma hori, ohiko izen sintagma alegia. Erabat garatutako sintagma hau determinatzaile sintagmatzat hartuko dugu. Sintagma honen burua, ohiko eskemari jarraituz, determinatzailea da.

Atal honetan determinatzaileen multzo ugaria aurkeztuko dugu lehenbizi. Ondoren, Determinatzaile Sintagma bera aurkeztuko dugu, bere osotasunean. Hots: atal honetan, jadanik aurkeztuak ditugun osagaiei (izen sintagmari, adjektibo sintagmari eta zenbatzaile sintagmari), beste bat gehituko diegu: determinatzaile sintagma. Honen burua, determinatzailea izango da.
O ensino da psicofarmacologia na formação inicial dos psicólogos portugueses
Authors: Leite Ana Beatriz , Da Silva Carlos Fernandes , Sousa Pereira Anabela , Ruivo Marques Daniel
Published: January 2023

A psicofarmacologia representa, cada vez mais, uma área de conhecimento com importantes implicações na atuação profissional dos psicólogos. Em vários países, tem-se assistido, ao longo dos últimos anos, a uma crescente importância dada à formação em psicofarmacologia para psicólogos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um levantamento dos planos curriculares de todas as instituições de Ensino Superior portuguesas que lecionam cursos de licenciatura e mestrado em psicologia de modo a verificar quais destes incluem unidades curriculares sobre psicofarmacologia. Para tal, foram recolhidos dados através do sítio da Direção Geral do Ensino Superior (DGES) e dos sítios oficiais das instituições de Ensino Superior durante o mês de julho de 2021. Os resultados observados indicam que a formação em psicofarmacologia, apesar de existir, é em número reduzido. Num total de 97 cursos de licenciatura e mestrado em psicologia analisados, apenas 11 unidades curriculares relacionadas com psicofarmacologia foram identificadas, sendo que três destas são ministradas na mesma instituição. No geral, estes  dados sugerem que a formação em psicofarmacologia dada nas formações iniciais dos psicólogos, apesar de existir, é ainda residual. No final do artigo, são referidas as implicações dos resultados para os currículos da formação dos psicólogos bem como perspetivadas consequências para a prática profissional da psicologia.
Body satisfaction and screen media usage in Spanish schoolchildren
Authors: Sánchez-Reina J.-Roberto , Jiménez-Morales Mònika , Montaña-Blasco Mireia
Published: January 2023

Screen media usage among young children has increased dramatically in recent years. Although media consumption has been noted as an influencing factor in children’s body image, the relationship between children’s body satisfaction and screen media usage in children under 10 years old remains a less-explored topic. A cross-sectional study was designed to analyze the association between screen media usage and the body image satisfaction of Spanish children 5–9 years old. By examining the data of 792 schoolchildren (N = 363 boys, 429 girls; M = 7.23 years), this study sought to reveal the association between screen media usage and children’s body satisfaction. The results showed significant correlations between the use of television and video games and satisfaction expressed with facial features and overall body scheme. Observations by sex indicated positive correlations between television consumption and satisfaction with weight among boys, while in girls‚ a negative association was observed between video game consumption and satisfaction with skin and overall body scheme. Multiple regression analyses revealed a positive association between television consumption and satisfaction with weight, face, and hair, whereas the use of video games was negatively associated with satisfaction with eye and skin color. This study provides a better understanding of the relationship between screen consumption and body satisfaction in minors; accordingly, it seeks to contribute to the design of more strategic and focused media literacy interventions, particularly among those populations that are less well-explored‚ such as young children.
(In)dignidades mediáticas en la sociedad digital [Reseña]
Authors: Marcos-Ramos María
Published: January 2023

La obra examina el valor de la dignidad y de la indignidad en la sociedad actual, mediante el análisis de algunos relatos paradigmáticos como la cobertura de la información sobre los geriátricos al inicio de la pandemia; los procesos de resignificación del pasado cultural; el sensacionalismo de los "reality shows" en la construcción social de los personajes femeninos, y el repaso de las (in)dignidades más recurrentes del entorno digital.
Dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap harga minyak dan pangan dunia: Analisis VECM
Authors: Nugraheni, M.Sc. Reninta Dewi , Inayah Ika
Published: January 2023

The study investigates the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on global oil price, global food price index, meat, and sugar commodity price index using vector error correction (VECM) model covering the sample period of 1st April 2020 to 31st August 2021. Data were collected mainly from WHO, FAO, and Macro Trend Websites. The result from VECM model indicates a strong cointegration relationship among the variables. In the short run, global oil price, meat price index, and sugar price index are negatively and significantly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the long run, the prices of these variables do not follow to the others, but there is negative reaction of global oil prices to meat and sugar price index. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the meat and sugar price index, but not significantly at the 5% level.