bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synchronous Control of Two Motors Based on Improved Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Pan Shenghu , Liu Haitao
Published: February 2025

With the technological development of the society, permanent magnet synchronous motors are used more and more widely, especially in the two-motor synchronous system. Aiming at the problems of response performance and anti-interference ability of the dual motor synchronous system, this paper proposes an improved sliding mode speed control controller. First, its mathematical model is established by analyzing the mechanical principle and working principle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. On the basis of the traditional sliding mode controller, the sliding mode surface and convergence rate are improved to obtain the improved sliding mode controller, and the simulation model of the improved sliding mode controller is built. MATLAB/Simulink is used to build a dual motor synchronous system model for verification, and the experimental results show that the improved sliding mode speed controller has no overshooting, fast response speed, and strong anti-jamming ability, and its response performance and anti-jamming ability are better than that of the traditional sliding mode speed controller.
Design of A Coal Mine Gas Pipeline Detection System
Authors: Lian Fanghua
Published: February 2025

Safety monitoring of coal mine gas pipelines is crucial for ensuring the safety of mine operations, especially in preventing pipeline leaks. Therefore, timely and accurate monitoring of pipeline status has become crucial. This article designs a pressure and leakage detection system for low-pressure gas pipelines in coal mines. The system is based on single-chip technology and integrates sound wave detection and wireless communication technology. The article elaborates on the design concept of the overall plan, including the main design of hardware circuits and software programs, aiming to achieve real-time monitoring of coal mine gas pipeline pressure and rapid identification of potential leakage points.
Malignant Breast Lump: To Classify It Based on clinico-demographic Features and To Assess the Correlation Between Tumor Size and Axillary Lymph Node Positivity
Authors: Basharat Maryam , Imran Anwar Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality in females, accounting for approximately 25% of all breast cancers and contributing to 15% of cancer-related deaths in women. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is the most common histological type, with axillary lymph node involvement being a critical prognostic factor, particularly in early breast cancer. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between tumor characteristics, size and consistency, and axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancer patients. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in the General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Unit of Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. A total of 165 patients were included using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including tumor size, laterality, site, and consistency, and their relationship with axillary lymph node positivity was analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients was 45.45 ± 6.31 years, and the mean size of malignant breast lumps was 3.57 ± 0.84 cm. Most tumors (88.48%) measured 2-5 cm, while tumors >5 cm and <2 cm accounted for 7.28% and 4.24%, respectively. Left-sided breast lumps were more common (55.15%) than right-sided lumps (44.85%). Tumor size and consistency were significantly associated with axillary lymph node positivity, with p-values <0.05. Conclusion: Axillary lymph node involvement remains an independent risk factor for breast cancer prognosis. Tumor size and consistency are strongly associated with the number of positive lymph nodes, emphasizing their role in the clinical evaluation and management of breast cancer.
Nutritional Composition and Histopathological Effects of Composite Biscuits Made From Finger Millet, Soybean, and Wheat Bran on Albino Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria., Adegbanke Omolara Racheal , Onwuka Chidinma Peace ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria., Ajala Oladapo ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

Biscuits are snacks consumed in between meals. Biscuit was produced from composite flour (finger millet flour, soybean flour, and wheat bran). Five samples; FSW1 (60% finger millet flour, 35% soybeans flour and 5% wheat bran) FSW2 (70% finger millet flour, 25% soybeans flour and 5% wheat bran) FSW3 (80% finger millet flour, 15% soybeans flour and 5% wheat bran) FSW4 (90% finger millet flour, 5% soybeans flour and 5% wheat bran) FSW5 (100% finger millet) of biscuit were produced from the composite flour and FSW6 (positive control). This study highlights the potential of finger millet, soybean flour, and wheat bran blends for the production of nutritious biscuits. Proximate composition biscuit and histopathology of Wistar rats were carried out. Proximate analysis showed increasing soybean flour content significantly increased protein (5.67-14.92%) and fat (19.65-26.59%) levels, moisture content reduced with values between (2.28-6.32%) and carbohydrate between (38.20-55.64%). Crude fiber ranged from 11.74-16.66%, with wheat bran contributing to higher values. Biscuits from the composite flours were fed to albino Wistar rats for 28 days before histopathological examination. Kidney histology showed no significant changes related to the feed composition, with some formulations displaying a nearly normal architecture. Liver histology revealed normal to nearly normal hepatic structure in most of the groups, with some sinusoidal dilation and diffusion. The heart histology indicated varying degrees of change, including connective tissue enlargement, muscle fiber changes, and lipid deposits in some formulations. The biscuit will provide a good source of protein and because of the high fiber content, it will aid digestion.
Proximate, Mineral, Microbial and Sensory Evaluation of Enriched Poundo- Breadfruit Meals with African Yam Bean, Wheat Bran and Rice Bran
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria., Falana Oluwakemi Florence , Malomo Sunday Abiodun ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria., Ijarotimi Oluwole Steve ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Published: February 2025

Poor diets devoid of nutrient causes health-related problem and the utilization of rich composite crops could help to reduce these global shortcomings. Hence, the proximate, mineral and microbial analysis of poundo-breadfruit meals (PBM) were done. BAWR 1 (70:30:0:0), BAWR 2 (70:25:0:5) BAWR 3 (70:25:5:0) and BAWR 4 (70:25:5:5) were developed while BF (100% breadfruit flour) and PYF (100% poundo yam flour) are control samples. The PBM had protein (9.45-15.20%), crude fibre (5.89-10.69%) and energy values (366.93-397.75 kcal/100 g). The Na/K (0.70-0.78) meet the recommended value (<1) for foods managing degenerative diseases. The poundo- meals had low microbial count safe for consumption.
Islamic Education Information and Communication System in The Perspective of The Qur'an
Authors: Muizzudin Moch. , Ilmin Auliya Haya Yumna , Muamala Siti , Wahyudin Agus Novi , Syahid Ahmad Habibi
Published: February 2025

The system of information and communication in Islamic education in the digital era enables the more effective dissemination of Islamic values. Technology supports interactive learning, but challenges related to information verification still exist. This study integrates the values of the Qur'an to improve the quality of Islamic education and ensure the accuracy of information. Using a qualitative approach and literature review, the study analyzes the concepts of information and communication systems in Surah Al-Kahfi 13, Ali Imran 110, and Al-Hujurat 6 through scholarly journal articles. The results show: QS. Al-Kahfi 13 emphasizes the importance of truth, ethics, and morality in the Islamic education information system. Islamic education should wisely utilize technology to spread correct knowledge, prioritize spiritual values, and encourage positive change. QS. Ali Imran 110 calls for the use of modern technology, such as Qur'an apps and interactive videos, to convey Islamic values in an engaging way. QS. Al-Hujurat 6 highlights the importance of information verification to prevent hoaxes and ensure valid religious information through proper digital literacy.
Prueba Pericial en Criptografía en el Proceso Civil Mexicano
Authors: Hernández-Navarrete Luis Demetrio , Hernández-García Marysol Estrella
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la prueba pericial en criptografía en el proceso civil mexicano. Mediante el método analítico y la técnica documental se aborda el concepto de prueba y sus implicaciones, las disposiciones del Código Nacional de Procedimientos Civiles y Familiares y criterios jurisdiccionales sobre la prueba pericial en criptografía. Se concluyó que, aunque se aluda a los medios de prueba proporcionados por la tecnología, no existe expresamente la prueba pericial en criptografía en el proceso civil mexicano que cuente con un método de confiabilidad, mecanismo exacto de soporte en controversias sobre la falsedad de un documento digital.
Level of Competitiveness and Innovation in the Circular Economy of the European Union
Authors:   Department of Food Production and Safety, Carpathian State College in Krosno, 38-400 Krosno, Poland,   These authors contributed equally to this work., Ślusarczyk Bogusław , Kozłowska Małgorzata A. ,   Department of Law and Social Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, 25-406 Kielce, Poland,   These authors contributed equally to this work., Kozłowska Zuzanna A. ,   Department of Law and Administration, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-400 Lublin, Poland,   These authors contributed equally to this work.
Published: February 2025

Sustainable development, as a cornerstone of contemporary political frameworks, is closely linked to the concept of the circular economy (CE). In the context of the European Union (EU), the transition towards a circular economy is considered a key element in achieving a sustainable, low-carbon, resource-efficient, and competitive economic model. The aim of this article is to partially fill the research gap regarding the connections between recycling, the use of secondary raw materials, and the innovation and competitiveness of EU member states’ economies. Based on a critical literature review, it was identified that there is a lack of comprehensive studies analyzing these relationships in the context of EU countries, which serves as the starting point for this research. The study applies CE indicators proposed by the European Commission, which, after conducting a literature review, were deemed the most appropriate for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data on recycling rates and the use of secondary raw materials in EU countries. Additionally, the study was enhanced by an analysis of the impact of recycling and circular economy practices on innovation and competitiveness in various countries, conducted through a multidimensional comparative analysis using the Hellwig's method. The analysis results indicate a significant positive correlation between recycling rates, the use of secondary raw materials, and economic innovation and competitiveness. Specifically, Germany, with a municipal waste recycling rate of 69.3% in 2021, ranks at the top among countries in terms of the number of patents and investments in technologies related to the circular economy. The findings suggest that national policies should focus on supporting innovation and increasing recycling efficiency, which could benefit both environmental protection and economic growth. The results also indicate that countries with lower recycling rates may face limitations in terms of innovation and competitiveness. In the case of these countries, policies focusing on investments in recycling technologies and the promotion of innovation could help improve performance in both areas.
Pemanfaatan Kartu E-Santri dalam Pengelolaan Fiskal di Pondok Pesantren Miftahul Ulum Al-Islamy: Antara Peluang dan Tantangan
Authors: Purwanto Andi
Published: February 2025

The integration of electronic santri cards within pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) represents a significant advancement in fiscal management and operational efficiency. This study analyzes the impact of these electronic cards on both the financial management of pesantren and the daily lives of santri (students). By employing qualitative research methods, including interviews and field observations, we explore the mechanisms through which electronic santri cards facilitate financial transactions, enhance transparency, and promote a cashless environment. The findings indicate that the adoption of electronic payment systems not only streamlines financial operations but also fosters a culture of financial literacy among santri, ultimately contributing to the sustainability of pesantren
A Brief Analysis of the Application of the Restrictive Position in the Offense of Aiding Information Network Criminal Activities
Authors: Yuan Yihui
Published: February 2025

With the proliferation of network technology, cybercrime has become frequent, posing significant challenges to traditional legal theories and judicial practices. In response to the alienation of aiding behaviors in cyberspace compared to traditional legal acts, China introduced the offense of aiding information network criminal activities in 2015.Since its inception, the offense of aiding information network criminal activities has witnessed a transition from low to high application rates, accompanied by a surge in the number of related cases. As the pertinent legal framework has undergone continuous refinement, several issues have come to light, including disputes over the identification of assisted conduct and a tendency for the crime to become overly broad or catch-all offense in its scope. The improper expansion of judicial application poses a challenge to the principle of suitability of punishment to the crime committed. Thus, it is of great significance to study how to reasonably limit the application of this crime. Therefore, initiating a discussion on both legislative and judicial levels, grounded in the nature of this crime, its subjective patterns, and the punishable scope of neutral assisting behaviors, is crucial for addressing existing issues and refining legislation in the realm of cybersecurity in China. By reasonably distinguishing and analyzing issues such as "knowingly" and the punishability of neutral aiding behavior, we can effectively narrow the scope of this offense. Taking the restrictive interpretation as the fundamental stance, this article briefly analyzes the definition of the nature of the crime of aiding information network activities, the exploration of subjective and objective elements, and other restrictive approaches, aiming to benefit judicial practice.
Research on Solving the Minimum Path Problem for Courier Delivery Based on an Annealing Algorithm
Authors: Sheng Weijie
Published: February 2025

With developments in the express delivery industry, statistics indicate that by 2023, the number of parcels exceeded 132.07 billion. The efficiency of couriers in delivering packages has become a service issue for many companies. This thesis, grounded in the courier path problem, draws on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) to construct a delivery route planning model. This model uses an annealing algorithm for solving. It views each destination as a point and sets a variable x to 0 (if the edge is not retained) or 1 (if retained) for any point-to-point edge. Experimental results from the model's solution reveal that the method significantly reduces delivery path length, enhances efficiency, and cuts down time and cost. The approach not only enhances competitiveness and customer satisfaction for food delivery enterprises but also offers valuable insights for optimizing urban logistics distribution.
As cartinhas e cartas de ABC
Authors: Neves Josélia Gomes
Published: February 2025

Os estudos da História da Educação brasileira apontam que dois impressos didáticos marcaram o ingresso de determinados setores da população aos processos educacionais formais no Brasil desde o período colonial: as Cartinhas para leitura e, depois, as Cartas de ABC. O artigo em tela, com a intenção de contribuir com a História da Alfabetização, tem o objetivo de disponibilizar novos elementos analíticos por meio da pesquisa documental digital a respeito desses materiais de origem portuguesa, que possivelmente circularam e depois influenciaram a produção de Cartas de ABC em contexto nacional, presentes, inclusive, em canções e memoriais de personalidades brasileiras. O alcance das Cartinhas e principalmente das Cartas de ABC no Brasil evidencia certa eficácia desse modelo formativo (caracterizado pela ênfase na memorização de letras, sílabas e frases), na medida que impulsionou posteriormente o mercado editorial de produção e comercialização de cartilhas de alfabetização até os anos 80, época em que foi problematizado pelos estudos de Emília Ferreiro e Ana Teberosky (1985). Concluímos que tais recursos educacionais operaram como instrumentos de disseminação da fé católica por meio da língua portuguesa e do latim, como estratégia política de expansão dos domínios de Portugal. E, embora apresentem aproximações quanto à forma e conteúdo, há diferentes Cartas de ABC, com autoria declarada ou não, utilizadas em casa ou na escola para o ensino da leitura. Alguns exemplares permanecem atualmente nas prateleiras de papelarias, o que suscita estudos sobre a sua longevidade no âmbito da literatura didática.
The Effect of Micrite Content on the Geophysical Properties of Reservoir Carbonate Rocks
Authors: Aladwani Najeeb S. , Laurence J. , Falcon-Suarez Ismael Himar , Best Angus I.
Published: February 2025

Carbonate rocks have a significant economic value as water and hydrocarbon reservoirs and are essential elements for concrete and buildings. This study selected a total of 36 carbonate rock samples, which were tested in the lab for electrical resistivity at 80 Hz, primary and secondary ultrasonic wave velocity, and attenuation. Therefore, to understand the role of microcrystalline calcite (micrite) on the geophysical properties, this study has proposed a new systematic method by using image analysis techniques to quantify micrite and microstructural parameters such as macro porosity, solid grains, microporous micrite (porosity within micrite), and calcite crystals (sparry calcite). The study findings suggest that porosity and permeability have U-shape trends as a function of micrite content due to leaching processes. Thus, higher micrite content causes the elastic wave velocities to increase, making the rock stiffer. When a dual porosity effect is present, the attenuation exhibits two peaks, and is at its highest with micrite content. With minimal values between 10% and 30% of micrite content due to maximal porosity, the apparent formation factor exhibits a U-shape trend with micrite content; as a result, the electrolyte conductivity is high. We concluded that knowledge of micrite content and macro-porosity is of paramount importance to interpret and model the geophysical parameters and to develop a rock physics model.
Efficacy of Kushthaghna Mahakashaya Kwatha and Tutthadi Lepa in the Management of Dadru (Tinea Corporis): A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Sharma Vijay , Mutha Rashmi , P Shinsha , Rawat Sunita , Sharma Giridhar , Meena Hari
Published: February 2025

Background: Dadru is a Kshudra Kushta characterized by Mandala (circumference of the lesion), Kandu (itching), Raga (erythema), Pidika (eruptions) resembling superficial dermatophytosis. The increasing prevalence of dermatophytosis demands more attention particularly the unresponsive chronic dermatophytosis with antifungal resistance is troublesome to cure. Kushtaghna Mahakashaya and Tutthadi Lepa are traditional treatments in Ayurveda formulations which are widely employed, but there is a need for evidence-based validation of these therapies.
Aim: The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of modified Kushtaghna Mahakashaya and Tutthadi Lepa in the management of Dadru (superficial dermatophytosis).
Materials & Methods: This was a single centered randomized controlled trial. Clinically diagnosed Dadru patients of either gender, aged between 18-60 years, chronicity less than five years were enrolled and allocated randomly into two groups. Subjects in the interventional arm were administered with modified Kushtaghna Mahakashaya (40ml, twice daily, empty stomach) orally and Tutthadi Lepa (external application). Subjects in the Control group were administered with tablet Fluconazole (150 mg, once weekly) & Clotrimazole 1% Ointment for local application. Duration of the trial was 30 days. Efficacy of the treatment were assessed by means of symptom score.
Observation & Results: Out of 54 subjects, 50 were completed study. The analysis yielded statistically significant (P<0.05) result in the clinical symptoms of in both groups. However, Mandala got better relief in Group B. No statistically significant difference was observed in values of liver function test and renal function test in both groups.
Discussion: Modified Kushtaghna Mahakashaya and Tutthadi Lepa containing Tikta, Katu and Kashaya rasa drugs, with Laghu, Ruksha and Ushna Virya aided to achieve result by means of their property to alleviate Kapha-Pitta, Rakta Prasadana, Kandughna, Kledahara and Krimighna. Both formulations contain ingredients which possess antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties along with immunomodulation.
Conclusion: The study has revealed that Ayurveda interventions have promising effects as an alternative choice to combat dermatophytosis particularly in tinea infestation without causing any ill effect.
Critical opinion of Mahatma Gandhi on Ayurveda: A time to revisit
Authors: Katiyar Chandra
Published: February 2025

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Bibliometric Indexes - Advantages and Limitations in Practical Application, for the Scientific Validity of Authors and Their Scientific Contents - Stanford Bibliometric List: Truths and Misconceptions
Authors: Masic Izet
Published: February 2025

Background: The scientific researchers have the role of interacting through published articles in scientific journals or presentations at scientific and professional conferences where they can affect the practices that can make achievements to society and country. or worldwide. Objective: The aim of this article was to describe bibliometric indexes and explained its importance for its evaluation and measuring quality assessment of published papers in scientific journals and advantages and disadvantages of current bibliometric portals for creating the list of universities and its academic staff by counts of deposited articles in databases and number of its citations. Methods: The author searched the most influential online databases and analyzed deposited papers by bibliometric indexes, and used a descriptive method to review important facts about bibliometrics experiences in scientific and academic practice. The author used facts deposited on the main international portals for analyzing number of citations of deposited scientific papers on Scopus and Google Scholar platform–h-Index and i10-Index and number of citations as basic data for created top list of most citated scientists in almost of all countries in the world. Results and Discussion: Bibliometric methods are used for quantitative analysis of written materials. Citation is influenced by: article quality, understanding of the article, language in which the article is written, loyalty to a group of researchers, article type, etc. Some indicators used in evaluating scientific work are Impact factor (IF); Citation of the article; Journal citations; Number and order of authors, etc. The index factor of influence depends on the quality of the journal, the language in which it was printed, the area it covers, and the journal distribution system. The portals and its platforms: Webometrics, “AD Scientific Index” and Stanford Bibliometric List are not fully relevant for measuring quality assessment of universities and its academic staff. Conclusion: Current academies and academicians can propose criteria how improve indexing scientific papers with the consultation of scientific bodies and experts at universities in one country, selected regions, or worldwide. These criteria should be necessary for quality assessment of the scientific curriculum of scientists and their published papers in scientific journals.
Impact of Surgical Timing on Mortality and Functional Outcomes in Elderly Hip Fracture Patients: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Essa Suhaib , Anaqreh Yazan , Abueed Mutaz , Alrawashdeh Mutaz , Hussein Narmine , adi Yara , Batbouta Janit , Alkhatatba Mohammad , Mohaidat Ziyad , Radaideh Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Background: Hip fractures among the elderly stem from low-energy trauma and frequently coincide with osteoporosis or low bone mass, along with other related medical conditions that heighten, the risk of falls with the majority of hip fractures manifest in women aged over 65 years, with an estimated global annual incidence of approximately 1.7 million. The incidence is expected to rise in tandem with increasing life expectancy and the expanding population of elderly individuals and those grappling with chronic health conditions. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of surgical timing on mortality and functional outcomes in elderly hip fracture patients and identify systemic factors contributing to delays. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 236 patients aged ≥50 years with surgically treated hip fractures at King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan (2019–2022). Patients were stratified into early (≤3 days post-admission) and delayed (>3 days) surgery groups. Data on demographics, comorbidities, surgical variables, and outcomes were extracted from electronic health records. Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon rank sum, Chi-squared tests, and logistic regression to evaluate associations between surgical delay and mortality. Results: Delayed patients (31.8%) exhibited significantly higher 1-year mortality (31% vs. 12%, p<0.001), longer hospital stays (11.2 vs. 5.9 days, p<0.001), and reduced ambulation at 3 months (36% vs. 16% non-ambulatory, p<0.001). Logistic regression identified surgical delay as an independent mortality predictor: delayed patients with ≥3 comorbidities had 9.02-fold higher odds of death (95% CI: 1.67–167.85, p=0.038), while those with <2 comorbidities had a 13.18-fold increase (95% CI: 2.27–251.18, p=0.017). Systemic barriers included preoperative ICU admissions (12% vs. 1.2%, p<0.001) and lower preoperative hemoglobin levels (11.26 vs. 11.87 g/dL, p=0.012). Conclusion: Surgical delay beyond three days independently elevates mortality and disability risks in hip fracture patients, irrespective of comorbidities. Timely intervention mitigates comorbidity-related risks, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary pathways and policy reforms to reduce delays.
Investigating the Effects of Percussion Massage Therapy on Pain, Functionality, Kinesiophobia, and Quality of Life in Individuals with Non-Specific Low Back Pain
Authors: Gorguluer Sema , Menek Burak
Published: February 2025

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of percussion massage therapy applied to the paravertebral muscles on pain, functionality, flexibility, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in individuals with mechanical low back pain.
Materials and Methods: The study included 40 individuals diagnosed with non specific low back pain. Participants were randomly assigned to percussion massage therapy (PMT) and conventional therapy (CT). Both groups underwent a 6-week treatment program. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), functionality was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), flexibility was measured using the Sit-and-Reach Test, kinesiophobia was assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and quality of life was measured using the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Assessments were conducted before and after treatment. The CT group received exercises focused on strengthening, stabilization, and stretching the lumbar region, while the PMT group received percussion massage therapy to the paravertebral muscles in addition to conventional physiotherapy.
Results: Post-treatment, both groups significantly improved all assessment parameters (p<0.05). However, the PMT group demonstrated greater effectiveness compared to the CT group in terms of ODI, TSK, VAS, Sit-and-Reach Test, and the physical role limitation, emotional function, social function, pain, and general health subscales of the SF-36 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study concluded that incorporating percussion massage therapy, a novel approach in the literature, into the rehabilitation program for individuals with mechanical low back pain may be an effective addition to treatment.
Microscopy of Simple Slides and Expert Drawing as a Unique Tool for Harmonious Development of Students in Laboratory Teaching
Authors: Angelini Jindriška , Benešová Eva
Published: February 2025

Microscopy is an important tool in the teaching of biology, chemistry and related sciences at various levels of school education, as it allows the use of visual experience to understand basic natural structures, phenomena and principles. The text presented here attempts to outline the different parts of the process that students should go through during a lesson involving practical demonstrations of microscopy, and to explain the specific benefits of each activity in the wider context of various learning skills with implications for everyday life. At the same time, the text aims to inspire educators to expose their students to the world of natural science and spark their interest in studying these disciplines, without the need of expensive instrumentation.
Innovative Tools and Techniques for Big Data Analytics: Empowering Data-Driven Insights and Decision-Making
Authors: Gorre Tejasvi
Published: February 2025

The term "big data" refers to extensive collections of data that are sizable, diverse, and intricate in their structure, presenting challenges in storage, analysis, and visualization for subsequent procedures or outcomes. The activity of investigating massive volumes of data to uncover concealed patterns and undisclosed connections is referred to as big data analytics.

Introduction: The concept of Big Data holds significance in handling data that deviates from the conventional structure of traditional databases. Big Data encompasses various pivotal technologies such as, HDFS, No SQL , Map Reduce, Mongo DB, Cassandra, PIG, HIVE, and HBASE, which collaborate to attain the ultimate objective of deriving value from data that might have been previously regarded as un utilizable.

The concept of Big Data holds significance in handling data that deviates from the conventional structure of traditional databases. Big Data encompasses various pivotal technologies such as, HDFS, No SQL , Map Reduce, Mongo DB, Cassandra, PIG, HIVE, and HBASE, which collaborate to attain the ultimate objective of deriving value from data that might have been previously regarded as un utilizable. Significance of the Research: Within this research study, the authors propose diverse approaches to address the existing Difficulties encountered while utilizing the Map Reduce framework within the context of the Distributed File System (HDFS) can include various challenges. These may arise during the mapping phase... Reduce serves as a technique for streamlining processes through a sequence of steps including file indexing, mapping, sorting, shuffling, and eventual reduction. This paper extensively examines Map Reduce methodologies that are put into practice for the analysis of Big Data using the HDFS infrastructure.

Methodology: This review comprehensively examines five distinctive methodologies encompassing challenges, advancements, and prospects. These methodologies encompass highly distributed industrial data ingestion, techniques for managing large-scale data, analytics related to industrial data, establishment of repositories for industrial big data knowledge, and the governance aspects associated with industrial big data Furthermore, a case study was introduced, a questionnaire was constructed, and diverse analyses were showcased. Future investigations could delve more extensively into the modeling of the data mart environment, facilitating diverse perspectives on the amassed data, and expanding the capacities for data analysis. The demand for processing vast volumes of data has reached unprecedented levels. Beyond the prevalence of terabyte- and larger-scale datasets, there is a unanimous acknowledgment that significant value remains concealed within them, poised to be unearthed through appropriate computational tools.
AI and Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI): Examining the Potential for AI to Mitigate Bias and Promote Inclusive Communication
Authors: Kondra Sarika , Medapati Supriya , Koripalli Madhuri , Chandra Nandula Sri Rama Sarat , Zink Julie
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly advance Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in the workplace by addressing biases in communication and decision-making processes. This paper examines how AI can be employed to identify, mitigate, and even eliminate biases that often arise unconsciously in human interactions. AI systems, when designed and implemented responsibly, can analyze language, behavior, and decision patterns to promote more equitable outcomes. AI-powered tools, such as real-time feedback mechanisms, translation services, and accessibility features, can enhance inclusive communication by accommodating diverse needs and perspectives. However, the effectiveness of AI in promoting DEI is not without challenges. Ethical concerns, such as the risk of AI systems perpetuating or amplifying existing biases, necessitate rigorous oversight, careful design, and continuous monitoring. The paper highlights the importance of addressing these ethical considerations to prevent unintended consequences and ensure that AI contributes positively to DEI efforts. By critically exploring the intersection of AI and DEI, this paper emphasizes the potential of AI to create more inclusive and equitable workplaces, while also calling for a thoughtful and responsible approach to its deployment.
THE REGIONAL ASPECT OF THE STATISTICAL STUDY OF THE FOREIGN TRADE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Paraskevopulo Olga , Aksyutina Irina , Kozlova Olga , Dutchak Tat'yana , Chernysheva Elizaveta
Published: February 2025

The article presents an analysis of the foreign economic indicators of the Russian Federation by subjects and federal districts for the period from 2005 to 2019. The study revealed an uneven distribution of trade results, with Moscow as the leader in terms of foreign trade. The main focus is on the commodity structure, where federal districts export fuel and energy complex products and import machinery and equipment. As a result of the cluster analysis, seven groups of subjects with different levels of economic openness were identified. The first two clusters demonstrate high foreign economic activity, while one of them is export—oriented and the other is import-oriented. A survey among entrepreneurs in the field of sports and educational services showed that small businesses avoid foreign trade because of the costs. The interview participants noted the impact of the political situation on foreign economic activity and the positive impact of digitalization on simplifying transaction procedures.
OPTIMIZATION MODELING OF PERSONAL VEGETABLE-GROWING SUBSIDIARY FARMS IN THE REGION
Authors: Grishin Evgeniy
Published: February 2025

It is noted that many aspects of the development of the segment of the business entities – personal subsidiary farms currently remain poorly understood. For the first time, the study solves the problem of optimizing the determination of the optimal size and structure of production activities using the example of a model construction of a personal subsidiary vegetable farm. The task of optimizing the vegetable-growing personal subsidiary farm was formulated in the study by determining the required area for cultivating vegetable crops, growing crops, and natural volumes of the production range. The objective function of the task was solved by maximizing monetary revenue, provided that the entire amount of work would be performed by members of the personal subsidiary farm. The strategy of choosing crop rotation and rationalizing crop rotation is shown. It is noted that the basis of the development strategy should be based on the production and sale of a traditional vegetable set limited to three vegetable products, while all vegetables should be sold mainly only fresh, at their own or contractual market outlets, shops, catering companies, processing enterprises, and other distribution channels in compliance with crop rotations, all modern technological requirements. Calculations have shown that the economic efficiency of the base scenario for the net present value of the project, taking into account the use of a modern machine complex, equipment and inventory for private farms, will amount to 3,545 thousand rubles, with investments in the amount of 8,450 thousand rubles, while this design solution will pay off in 3 years and 4 months. The internal rate of return will be 36.6%, which proves quite convincingly the economic efficiency of the project.
ANALISIS TINDAK TUTUR DALAM FILM ALI DAN RATU-RATU QUEENS SERTA IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Marlina Ranny Putri , Mubarock Wildan Fauzi , Al-Fahad Muhamad Firman
Published: February 2025

Analisis tindak tutur merupakan proses mengkaji bahasa
dengan aspek pemakaian aktualnya. Analisis ini dilakukan pada sebuah film. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan tindak tutur lokusi, ilokusi, dan perlokusi dalam film Ali dan Ratu-Ratu Queens serta implikasinya dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA. Metode deskriptif kualitatif merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan dialog antartokoh dalam film Ali dan Ratu-Ratu Queens. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik studi pustaka, teknik simak bebas libat cakap, dan teknik catat. Pengecekan keabsahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan 114 data penggunaan tindak tutur dalam film Ali dan Ratu-Ratu Queens. Adapun simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat penggunaan tindak tutur yang meliputi tindak tutur lokusi (deklaratif, interogatif, dan imperatif) sebanyak 19 data dengan persentase 17%, tindak tutur ilokusi (asertif, direktif, komisif, ekspresif, dan deklaratif) sebanyak 70 data dengan persentase 61%, dan tindak tutur perlokusi sebanyak 25 data dengan persentase 22%. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi bahan ajar pada materi drama kelas XI, sehingga diharapkan dapat memberikan menfaat bagi pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA.
Nghiên cứu các hàm ước lượng thể tích của các phân đoạn trên thân cây Tràm (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) tại khu vực Thạnh Hóa, tỉnh Long An
Authors: Văn Quý Nguyễn , Minh Toại Phạm , Văn Thêm Nguyễn
Published: February 2025

Phát triển các hàm ước lượng thể tích thân cây gỗ là một yêu cầu của lâm học và điều tra rừng. Các hàm thể tích là công cụ hữu ích để thống kê và đánh giá tài nguyên rừng, phân tích hiệu quả kinh doanh rừng. Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là xây dựng các hàm thể tích toàn thân và thể tích của các phân đoạn ở mức cây cá thể của rừng Tràm. Số liệu được kế thừa từ tài liệu tham khảo [1]. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra rằng tổng thể tích toàn thân cả vỏ và thể tích của các phân đoạn cả vỏ ở mức cây cá thể của rừng Tràm được ước lượng theo hàm VhCV = exp(-7,88759 + 0,637243Ln(D2,86324H0,78479) - 0,445955(h/H)-0,51152). Tổng thể tích toàn thân không vỏ và thể tích của các phân đoạn không vỏ được ước lượng theo hàm VhOV = exp(-8,43208 + 0,623063Ln(D2,58589H1,248) - 0,457285(h/H)-0,53919). Theo đường kính tương đối của cây Tràm, tổng thể tích toàn thân cả vỏ và thể tích của các phân đoạn cả vỏ được ước lượng theo hàm VDhCV = exp(-8,06225 + 0,582454Ln(D2,9011H0,9002) - 1,02216(Dh/D)3,1587). Tổng thể tích toàn thân không vỏ và thể tích của các phân đoạn không vỏ được ước lượng theo hàm VDhOV = exp(-8,71677 + 0,574384Ln(D2,48682H1,53695) - 1,14698(Dh/D)3,24818). Sai lệch của các hàm thể tích nhỏ hơn 5,0%.
EFFECT OF SWEETENERS AND NON-TRADITIONAL FLOURS ON SENSORY ACCEPTABILITY AND GLYCEMIC INDEX OF BISCUITS
Authors: Havlová Lenka , Tauferová Alexandra , Poledňová Markéta , Pečová Martina , Pospiech Matej , Tremlová Bohuslava
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, food manufacturers are trying to include alternative sweeteners in their product formulations because they are perceived by consumers as preferable to sugar, which plays an important role in the development of civilisation diseases such as diabetes and obesity. One possible indicator of the suitability of a food regarding the prevention and treatment of these diseases may be the glycemic index value, which in bakery products may also be influenced by the type of flour used. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different types of sweeteners (sugar, aspartame-acesulfame, Stevia) and non-traditional flours on the sensory acceptability and glycemic index of biscuits. Both quantitative and hedonic descriptors were assessed by panellists (n = 14). Using quantitative descriptive and hedonic analysis, it was found that the use of alternative flours was only appropriate up to 15% replacement of wheat flour. Biscuit samples sweetended by sugar performed above average in the overall evaluation. The results also showed that flaxseed flour was rated better than hemp flour, which in addition showed the least suitable combination with stevia sweetener. The use of flaxseed flour in combination with the sweetener aspartame-acesulfame appeared to be less acceptable.  The glycemic index was determined using the GOPOD test kit and the results showed that none of the flax and hemp flour additions had a significant (p > 0.05) effect on the glycemic index value, nor did the sweeteners used.
EMERGENCE OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM Β-LACTAMASE (ESBL) PRODUCING AND COLISTIN-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE IN MILK AND SOME DAIRY PRODUCTS: MICROBIAL SAFETY AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Aboul Ezz Reem , Elesawy Hamdy , Darwish Samah , Taher Eman
Published: February 2025

Milk and dairy products are crucial component of the Egyptian daily diet. A major concern in the 21st century is the contamination of dairy products with microorganisms that convey antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARGs), particularly extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and colistin genes. Therefore, this study investigated the total viable count, coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, total Staphylococci, and aerobic spore formers in 90 samples of raw milk, Baladi yoghurt, and white soft cheese (30 of each). Coupled with the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of the ESBL-producing and colistin resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains. The incidences of aerobic spore formers, Staphylococci, and Enterobacteriaceae were 100, 100, 83% ;100, 67, 100% and 100, 63, 33% in milk, Baladi yoghurt, and white soft cheese, respectively. The phenotypic screening of the identified Enterobacteriaceae isolates (n=136) revealed that 80.8% (n=110) were ESBL-producing, while merely 2.9% were colistin resistant. Genotypic analysis revealed that blaCTX-M and blaSHV were presented in 99% of the identified isolates, although blaTEM was only present in 84.5% of them. Interestingly, the blaOXA gene was not detected. Notably, all phenotypically colistin resistant isolates harboured mcr-1 gene. Those findings indicated that milk and dairy products can help in spreading of beta-lactam resistant bacteria, emphasizing the importance of further research to mitigate them in the dairy sector.
The Effect of Implementing Visual Learning Method Using Picture Media to Improve Poetry Writing Learning Competencies
Authors: Ndruru Dafid Timothy , Kartolo Rahmat , Sutikno Sutikno
Published: February 2025

This study aims to examine the differences and effectiveness of using nature-themed image media in poetry writing lessons among eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Alasa, North Nias Regency, during the 2024-2025 academic year. The subjects of this study were 28 students. The experimental method with an experimental research design was applied. Data were collected through poetry writing tests and using analyzed statistical tests. The analysis results indicate a significant difference in poetry writing performance between students taught using nature-themed image media and those taught without it. The average score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, demonstrating that using nature-themed image media effectively improves students' poetry writing skills. Furthermore, this media aids students in developing their imagination and a deeper understanding of the given theme, leading to more creative and expressive writing outcomes. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teachers consider using nature-themed image media in poetry writing lessons to enhance student interest and skills. Visual media relevant to the lesson theme can serve as inspiration for students, improving the quality of their written work.
From Sensors to Insights: The Fusion of AI, Edge Computing, and Precision Agriculture
Authors: Ali Faizan , Tariq Waheed , Razzaq Ali , Rehman Abdul , Sarfraz Sohaib , Rajput Nasir Ahmed , Ali Subhan , Fatima Kaneez , Jameel Sahar , Liaqat Nadia , Akash Zuniara
Published: February 2025

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI), with edge computing, and precision agriculture is revolutionizing farming making it more resilient and sustainable. This article focuses on combine positive impact that the merger of these transformative technologies, can have in providing solutions for key challenges such as plant disease detection, resource optimization, and real-time decision-making. AI algorithms enables rapid and precise analysis of massive agricultural data allowing early disease detection and preventive measures to ensure plant health. Concurrently, edge computing gives the power of reduced latency with on spot data processing and solutions provision to the farmers, even in areas with limited coverage. The fusion of these technologies aligns with key UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), by optimizing the use of water, fertilizers, and pesticides, reducing environmental impacts, and mitigating climate change effects. However, the widespread adoption of AI and edge computing in agriculture is constrained by challenges such as hardware limitations, data collection, quality issues, and the need for technical expertise in particular cases. This review explores how these technologies are currently being used in agriculture, their pros, cons, and potential areas for further research and development. Encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous innovation will be crucial to overcome these challenges, ensuring that AI and edge computing play a central role in securing global food security and promoting climate-resilient farming.