bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The spatiotemporal evolution of global innovation networks and the changing position of China: a social network analysis based on cooperative patents
Authors: Hu Feng , Qiu Liping , Wei Shaobin , Zhou Haiyan , Bathuure Isaac Akpemah , Hu Hao
Published: November 2023

This study uses global patent cooperation data from 1999 to 2020, employs social network analysis, and explores the changes in and driving forces of global innovation networks (GINs) in the past 20 years as well as the change in China's position in the global innovation system. The results show that on the whole, the network accessibility of GINs has continuously improved, showing scale‐free network characteristics. The important nodes in the network are mainly developed countries such as Europe and the United States, and the node polarization effect has weakened; the network has four agglomeration subgroups. The phenomenon of subgroups and factions is not obvious. Further factor identification shows that economic factors and technological information factors have the strongest correlation with the innovation network and that demographic factors have a weaker correlation with the innovation network. In addition, China's position in the innovation network has been increasing year by year, and the role of ‘transit stations’ has become increasingly prominent.
Mitigating microtargeting: Political microtargeting law in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Dowling Melissa‐Ellen
Published: November 2023

To the detriment of liberal democracy, governments have struggled to prevent the exploitation of personal data for voter manipulation in the digital era. Laws pertaining to political microtargeting are often piecemeal and tend to derive from a combination of laws on electoral advertising and privacy. Evidence indicates that this approach is insufficient to curtail microtargeting. However, little is known about the regulation of microtargeting outside of the European and US contexts within which the bulk of anti‐microtargeting research has been undertaken. Accordingly, this paper aims to shed light on the preparedness of the law in Australia and New Zealand to mitigate the potential harms of political microtargeting. A comparative analysis of legislation pertaining to microtargeting is therefore undertaken using a blended approach of comparative law and content analysis. This paper: (1) identifies current legislation relevant to microtargeting in Australia and New Zealand; (2) assesses patterns of similarity and difference between each country's laws in relation to microtargeting; and (3) evaluates the preparedness of current legislation to curtail microtargeting in an evolving social media landscape. It finds that in both countries, legislation is sufficiently robust to mitigate microtargeting in some limited circumstances, but a cohesive regulatory approach is needed to constrain the most insidious microtargeting operations.
Ethylene signaling modulates air humidity responses in plants
Authors: Jiang Zeyu , Yao Lingya , Zhu Xiangmei , Hao Guodong , Ding Yanxia , Zhao Hangwei , Wang Shanshan , Wen Chi‐Kuang , Xu Xiaoyan , Xin Xiu‐Fang
Published: November 2023

Air humidity significantly impacts plant physiology. However, the upstream elements that mediate humidity sensing and adaptive responses in plants remain largely unexplored. In this study, we define high humidity‐induced cellular features of Arabidopsis plants and take a quantitative phosphoproteomics approach to obtain a high humidity‐responsive landscape of membrane proteins, which we reason are likely the early checkpoints of humidity signaling. We found that a brief high humidity exposure (i.e., 0.5 h) is sufficient to trigger extensive changes in membrane protein abundance and phosphorylation. Enrichment analysis of differentially regulated proteins reveals high humidity‐sensitive processes such as ‘transmembrane transport’, ‘response to abscisic acid’, and ‘stomatal movement’. We further performed a targeted screen of mutants, in which high humidity‐responsive pathways/proteins are disabled, to uncover genes mediating high humidity sensitivity. Interestingly, ethylene pathway mutants (i.e., ein2 and ein3eil1) display a range of altered responses, including hyponasty, reactive oxygen species level, and responsive gene expression, to high humidity. Furthermore, we observed a rapid induction of ethylene biosynthesis genes and ethylene evolution after high humidity treatment. Our study sheds light on the potential early signaling events in humidity perception, a fundamental but understudied question in plant biology, and reveals ethylene as a key modulator of high humidity responses in plants.
Defining the pathway to timely diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease: a US Delphi survey
Authors: Case Amy Hajari , Beegle Scott , Hotchkin David L , Kaelin Thomas , Kim Hyun Joo , Podolanczuk Anna J , Ramaswamy Murali , Remolina Carlos , Salvatore Mary M , Tu Conan , de Andrade Joao A
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Timely diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is limited by obstacles in the current patient pathway. Misdiagnosis and delays are common and may lead to a significant burden of diagnostic procedures and worse outcomes. This Delphi survey aimed to identify consensus on the key steps that facilitate the patient journey to an accurate ILD diagnosis and appropriate management in the US.

Methods

A modified Delphi analysis was conducted, comprising three online surveys based on a comprehensive literature search. The surveys spanned five domains (guidelines, community screening, diagnosis, management and specialist referral) and were completed by a panel of US physicians, including primary care physicians and pulmonologists practising in community or academic settings. A priori definitions of consensus agreement were median scores of 2–3 (agree strongly/agree), with an IQR of 0–1 for questions on a 7-point Likert scale from −3 to 3, or ≥80% agreement for binary questions.

Results

Forty-nine panellists completed the surveys and 62 statements reached consensus agreement. There was consensus agreement on what should be included in the primary care evaluation of patients with suspected ILD and the next steps following workup. Regarding diagnosis in community pulmonology care, consensus agreement was reached on the requisition and reporting of high-resolution CT scans and the appropriate circumstances for holding multidisciplinary discussions. Additionally, there was consensus agreement on which symptoms and comorbidities should be monitored, the frequency of consultations and the assessment of disease progression. Regarding specialist referral, consensus agreement was reached on which patients should receive priority access to ILD centres and the contents of the referral package.

Conclusions

These findings clarify the most common issues that should merit further evaluation for ILD and help define the steps for timely, accurate diagnosis and appropriate collaborative specialty management of patients with ILD.
Are reallocations of time between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep associated with low back pain? A compositional data analysis
Authors: Kastelic Kaja , Šarabon Nejc , Stanford Ty , Dumuid Dorothea , Pedišić Željko
Published: November 2023

Objectives

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the associations of reallocating time between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep with occurrence, frequency and intensity of low back pain (LBP) among adults using compositional isotemporal substitution analysis.

Methods

A total of 2333 participants from the general adult population completed the Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire asking about their time-use composition consisting of sleep, SB, LPA and MVPA, and they self-reported their frequency and intensity of LBP in the past year.

Results

Regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, stress, education and socioeconomic status found that the time-use composition is associated with the frequency (p=0.009) and intensity of LBP (p<0.001). Reallocating time from SB or LPA to sleep was associated with lower frequency and intensity of LBP (p<0.05). Reallocating time from MVPA to sleep, SB or LPA and from SB to LPA was associated with a lower intensity of LBP (p<0.05). For example, reallocating 30 min/day from SB to sleep was associated with 5% lower odds (95% CI: 2% to 8%, p=0.001) of experiencing LBP more frequently, and 2% lower LBP intensity (95% CI: 1% to 3%, p<0.001).

Conclusion

LBP sufferers may benefit from getting additional sleep and spending more time in LPA, while engaging less in SB and MVPA. These reallocations of time may be meaningful from clinical and public health perspectives.
CDK5 destabilizes PD-L1 via chaperon-mediated autophagy to control cancer immune surveillance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ruonan , Wang Jie , Du Yu , Yu Ze , Wang Yihan , Jiang Yixiao , Wu Yixin , Le Ting , Li Ziqi , Zhang Guoqiang , Lv Lei , Ma Haijie
Published: November 2023

Background

In the past few years, immunotherapies of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), have achieved durable clinical benefits. However, only a fraction of HCC patients showed objective clinical response to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade alone. Despite the impact on post-translational modifications of PD-L1 being substantial, its significance in resistance to HCC immunotherapy remains poorly defined.

Methods

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) expression was knocked down in HCC cells, CDK5 and PD-L1 protein levels were examined by Western blot. Coimmunoprecipitation was conducted to evaluate the interaction between proteins. Preclinical HCC mice model was constructed to evaluate the effect of CDK5 inhibitor alone or in combination with PD-1 antibody. Clinical HCC samples were used to elucidate the clinical relevance of CDK5, PD-L1, and PD-L1 T290 phosphorylation in HCC.

Results

We find that CDK5 deficiency upregulates PD-L1 protein expression in HCC cells and decipher a novel molecular mechanism under which PD-L1 is downregulated by CDK5, that is, CDK5 mediated PD-L1 phosphorylation at T290 promotes its binding with chaperon protein heat-shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) and degradation through chaperon-mediated autophagy. Notably, treatment of CDK5 inhibitor, PNU112455A, effectively upregulates the tumorous PD-L1 level, promotes the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy,and prolongs the survival time of mice bearing HCC tumors. What is more, the T290 phosphorylation status of PD-L1 correlates with the prognosis of HCC.

Conclusions

Targeting CDK5 can synergize with PD-1 blockade to suppress HCC growth, which may have clinical benefits. Our study reveals a unique regulation of the degradation of PD-L1 in HCC, and provides an attractive therapeutic target, a potential drug, and a new prognostic marker for the clinical treatment of HCC.
Stability of the Next-to-Tribimaximal Mixings under Radiative Corrections with the Variation of the SUSY Breaking Scale in MSSM
Authors: Devi Kh. Helensana , Singh K. Sashikanta , Singh N. Nimai
Published: November 2023

We analyze the radiative stability of the next-to-tribimaximal mixings (NTBM) with the variation of the SUSY breaking scale (

m

S

) in MSSM, for both normal ordering (NO) and inverted ordering (IO) at the fixed input value of the seesaw scale

M

R

=
1

0

15

 GeV and two different values of

tan
β

. All the neutrino oscillation parameters receive varying radiative corrections irrespective of the

m

S

values at the electroweak scale, which are all within the

3
σ

range of the latest global fit data at a low value of

tan
β

. NO is found to be more stable than IO for all four different NTBM mixing patterns.
Is Birth Method Associated with Sensory Hyperreactivity in Children 3-4 Years in an Upper-Middle-Income Country?
Authors: Watkyns Ann Frances , Gretschel Pamela Joy , Buchanan Helen
Published: November 2023

Background. Research has shown that pressure in the vaginal birth process aids the infant’s neurophysiological adaption to extrauterine life, including their ability to regulate their responses to diverse sensory stimuli. As pressure is absent in elective caesarean section births, we hypothesised that these children may be at higher risk for developing sensory hyperreactivity (SHR), a sensory modulation difficulty which negatively impacts on the child’s engagement in their occupations. This paper reports on a study which investigated associations between birth method and SHR. Method. In this cross-sectional study, 91 children aged three and four years from various language, cultural, and socioeconomic groups were recruited and categorised based on birth method (caesarean section or vaginal birth). Caregivers of each child completed the Short Sensory Profile-2 and a demographic questionnaire. The prevalence of SHR between the birth method groups was compared. Results. The prevalence of SHR was greater in the vaginal birth group (29%) than the caesarean section group (9%). Mothers in the vaginal birth group were younger (

p
≤
0.001

), of lower-income level (

p
=
0.003

), and more likely to be single (

p
=
0.037

). During data collection with the vaginal birth group, comprehensibility of certain items in the Short Sensory Profile-2 proved challenging for many caregivers. Conclusion. The statistically significant higher prevalence of SHR in the vaginal birth group supported a null hypothesis. However, the results are questioned due to the challenges related to data collection. Given this, the study supports the need for further investigation of how sociocultural and socioeconomic factors influence the assessment of SHR in the South African context.
Factors Influencing Cardiovascular Disease Preventive Behaviors among Rural Residents Based on a Socio-Ecological Model in South Korea: A Mixed Method Research
Authors: Park Bohyun , Yang Juhyeon , Kim Youngsoo
Published: November 2023

Objective. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors to the practice of cardiovascular disease (CVD) preventive behaviors among rural residents based on socio-ecological model (SEM). Methods. We used a mixed-methods research using the sequential explanatory design. From a total of 109 participants, quantitative data including CVD preventive behavior, self-efficacy, social support, and sense of community were collected using previously developed measurement tools. For quantitative research, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. For quantitative research, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. Questions for qualitative research were constructed based on SEM for the three subareas identified in quantitative research. Qualitative content analysis was conducted on qualitative data collected through focus group interviews from 14 participants. Results. According to quantitative research results, participants had a low level of practice in physical exercise, stress management, and self-checking among seven subdomains. At the individual level, self-efficacy was positively correlated with sleep management, and at the interpersonal level, family support was positively correlated with smoking cessation and support from significant others was positively correlated with stress management. On the other hand, at the community level, sense of community did not show significant correlation with the practice of cardiovascular disease prevention. Next, according to qualitative research results, 8 themes were identified in three levels as obstacles. At the personal level, overwork, loneliness, and lack of knowledge about CVD; at the interpersonal and community level, decreased activities with residents due to increased individualistic tendencies and decreased sense of community; and at the community environmental level, inconvenience of sidewalks, lack of community space, and insufficient functioning of village health clinics. Conclusion. In order to reduce obstacles to health behavior practice to prevent cardiovascular disease, multidimensional efforts are needed in terms of socio-ecological aspects.
Microbial Food Safety Assessment of Organic Food and Feed: Notifications in the EU RASFF during 2020–2022. A Systematic Review
Authors: Rodriguez C. , Mith H. , Taminiau B. , Korsak N. , Garcia-Fuentes E. , Daube G.
Published: November 2023

The presence of pathogenic bacteria in organic feed and food is a topic of current subject of study due to concerns that certain organic practices may heighten the risk of contamination and contribute to the spread of foodborne pathogens. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the main microbial contaminants exclusively associated with organic products, as reported in the literature. The search and selection of suitable studies were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Databases consulted included Web of Science Core Collection, Medline (PudMed) database, and UE Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) database. Using the EU RASFF System, we have summarized the notifications in relation to these products during the last 3 years in Europe. Eligibility criteria were studies published in English between 2000 and 2022. All authors performed critical appraisal and independent data extraction. Analysis of RASFF notifications related to organic products over the period from January 2020 to October 2022 revealed that 61.7% of notifications were related to food, while only 38.2% were related to feed. Salmonella emerged as the predominant pathogen reported in both organic food and feed. Notably, only one food outbreak linked to Salmonella Enteritidis in eggs was reported during the study period. Among food commodities, seeds were the most frequently affected, with the highest percentage of food products with alerts originating from India. Regarding antimicrobial resistance, a noteworthy trend was observed, with a decrease in multidrug-resistant strains favoring organic production compared to conventional methods. In conclusion, this research aimed to investigate the presence of pathogenic bacteria in organic feed and food, considering the potential risk factors associated with organic practices and their implications for food safety.
Existence and Nonexistence of Traveling Wave Solutions for a Reaction–Diffusion Preys–Predator System with Switching Effect
Authors: Zhang Hang , Jiao Yujuan , Yang Jinmiao
Published: November 2023

In this paper, we are concerned with traveling wave solutions for two preys–one predator system with switching effect. First, we discuss that there is no traveling wave solution for this system by using linearization method. Second, applying super-sub solution method we establish the existence of semitraveling wave solutions with the minimal speed explicitly defined. Moreover, using the method of Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariance principle, under certain conditions, we obtain that the semitraveling wave solutions connect the only positive equilibrium point at infinity, are actually traveling wave solutions. Finally, the numerical experiments support the validity of our theoretical results.
Effects of Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharides on Growth, Nonspecific Immunity and Tolerance to Salinity Stress and Streptococcus iniae Challenge in Golden Pompano, Trachinotus ovatus
Authors: Do-Huu Hoang , Nguyen Hue Thi Nguyet , Vo Hai Thi
Published: November 2023

The effects of dietary supplementation with mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, haematological parameters, abundance of intestinal Vibrio spp., immune response, and tolerance to low salinity stress and Streptococcus iniae challenge were evaluated in pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Pompano (3.24 ± 0.45 g) were fed six diets including a basal diet as control, and the basal diets supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, or 0.8% MOSs for 8 weeks. The results showed that pompano fed 0.1%–0.4% MOS had significantly improved specific growth rates (

P
≤
0.039

). Dietary MOS did not affect the survival rate of pompano (

P
=
0.192

). WBC count was significantly higher in fish fed diets containing 0.1%–0.6% MOS. Dietary MOS increased lymphocytes count (

P
≤
0.042

) and reduced monocytes and basophils counts (

P
≤
0.019

); however, no effects were found on neutrophils and eosinophil numbers (

P
≥
0.064

). Intestinal Vibrio spp. counts reduced in fish fed diets containing 0.1%–0.4% MOS (

P
≤
0.035

). The phagocytic ratio significantly increased in pompano fed diets containing 0.1%–0.6% MOS (

P
≤
0.015

), while the phagocytic index and serum lysozyme activity in fish fed 0.1%–0.4% MOS were significantly higher than the control (

P
≤
0.035

). There were significant positive correlations between MOS levels and fish growth on days 14, 28, 42, and 56 (

P
≤
0.049

). In addition, dietary MOS levels were highly correlated with blood parameters, abundance of intestinal Vibrio spp., and immune responses. Optimal dietary MOS requirements for maximal growth were estimated to be 0.440% on day 21 (R2 = 0.861), 0.385% on day 28 (R2 = 0.877), 0.371% on day 42 (R2 = 0.891), and 0.365% on day 56 (R2 = 0.750), showing decreasing tendency in MOS requirement as fish size increased. Furthermore, the optimal MOS concentration for maximal immunity based on lysozyme activity was estimated to be 0.431% (R2 = 0.817) on day 56. In addition, fish fed 0.1%–0.4% MOS showed better resistance to low salinity stress and Streptococcus iniae challenges (

P
≤
0.014

). In conclusion, MOS supplementation effectively reduced the prevalence of intestinal Vibrio spp. and enhanced the growth, immune responses, and tolerance to low salinity stress and Streptococcus iniae in juvenile pompano.
Integrating Experiential-value and Seekingescaping Travel Motivation Model: Exploring the Role of Motivation and Experience toward Tourist Behavioral Loyalty
Authors: Rohman Fatchur , Hussein Ananda Sabil , Yulianti Ida , Parwati Kardina Yudha , Arimbawa Putu Adi Putra
Published: November 2023

This study explores the relationship between tourism development, quality of life, and the success of marketing and management strategies in tourism destinations. It emphasizes the role of cultural identity and gastronomy in attracting tourists. Additionally, it focuses on the proliferation of themed cafes in Indonesia, examining how perceived authenticity, service quality, and experience quality influence visitors' satisfaction and revisit intention. The study also highlights the importance of subjective well-being and offers insights into the wellbeing-loyalty model in the context of thematic cafes.
Strategic Agility and Entrepreneurship Orientation to Improve Performance
Authors: Rofiaty Rofiaty
Published: November 2023

This study focuses on the challenges faced by entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 pandemic and the importance of strategic agility and entrepreneurial orientation in improving organizational performance. The impact of the pandemic requires entrepreneurs to think creatively and adapt their strategies to changing economic conditions. Strategic agility enables businesses to respond quickly to environmental changes, while entrepreneurial orientation drives innovation and risk-taking. The study highlights the role of strategic agility as a mediator between entrepreneurial orientation and company performance. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of the green economy in promoting sustainable business practices. Overall, this research contributes to understanding how entrepreneurs can thrive amidst uncertainty and achieve desired performance outcomes.
Fintech: Entrepreneurial Funding Solutions
Authors: Champaca Mychelia , Widodo Deny Edy
Published: November 2023

Discussions on entrepreneurial finance always begin with a discussion of sources of entrepreneurial capital. Large capital requirements at the start require loose funding, which provides flexibility for entrepreneurs to carry out operational activities and form the image of the business that is being built. Entrepreneurial start-up funding therefore relies on owner's capital funding, venture capital, and preferably even if the entrepreneur can find potential investors such as angel investors. This paper discusses the aspect of entrepreneurial funding by utilizing fintech as a flexible funding alternative that is "easy" to access in accordance with the advantages possessed by fintech P2P (Peer-to-Peer) lending. To strengthen the author's argument in discussing fintech as a solution for entrepreneurial business growth, especially in terms of capital, this paper is supplemented by a literature study using bibliometrics.
The Role of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises for Bali's Economy (Contribution of Innovation to MSME Sustainability)
Authors: Armanu Armanu , Indrawati Ayu Desi , Korry Putu Dyah Permatha
Published: November 2023

The MSME sector is one of the sectors that has a significant impact on economic growth in Bali Province. In addition to contributing economically, MSMEs also have a social and cultural impact on society. MSME sustainability faces various challenges both from the internal side and the external environment, so to be able to maintain its long-term sustainability, MSMEs must have competitiveness. This study aims to explain the role of innovation for MSMEs in Bali to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of MSMEs. The results showed that innovation is one of the factors that determine the success of MSME business because, through innovation, MSMEs can adapt and also survive changes in the external environment and create competitiveness. Most MSMEs in Bali implement marketing, product, and process innovations, but there are still few that innovate management, organization, and services. The results of this research are expected to be recommendations for MSME business actors and stakeholders to improve the culture of sustainable innovation in MSMEs in Bali in order to increase their competitiveness in the global market.
Larval descriptions and oral ultrastructures of some anurans (Duttaphrynus, Minervarya, Nyctibatrachus, Rhacophorus, & Polypedates) (Amphibia) from Wayanad and Vagamon hills, Western Ghats, India
Authors: Prudhvi Raj
Published: November 2023

The external and buccopharyngeal morphologies of tadpoles belonging to six anurans (Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Minervarya agricola, Nyctibatrachus periyar, Rhacophorus malabaricus, R. lateralis, & Polypedates pseudocruciger) from Wayanad and Vagamon hills, in Western Ghats are here-in described. Characterizations of larvae are illustrated by detailed images along with morphometric measurements. Four of the larval descriptions (M. agricola, N. periyar, R. lateralis, & P. pseudocruciger) are previously unknown, while two (D. melanostictus & R. malabaricus) are re-descriptions with additional information. Comparisons with congeners of the respective genera are made. This study is a small step towards advancing our knowledge of anuran larvae and supporting future research form Western Ghats and the adjacent regions.
Models of Word Order in Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Condrea Vasile A.
Published: November 2023

For some time, linguists have agreed that (1) English is an SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) language and that (2) the purpose of this order is to indicate the difference between “John loves Mary” and “Mary loves John.” In contrast, Hebraists are still debating the first item.

According to Holmstedt, Biblical Hebrew is an SVO language with the Verb-Subject-Object (VSO) order being “triggered” from SVO. By contrast, Hornkohl, Khan, and van der Merwe maintain that Biblical Hebrew is a VSO language with the SVO being the “marked” order.

Hebraists rely on linguistic methods to answer these questions. This article evaluates the claims of the abovementioned authors from two perspectives: whether the linguistic methods they use are compatible (some approaches do not work well together) and whether the principles of their chosen linguistic method are followed. Suggestions for improvement for Khan and van der Merwe’s model are included.
From Pre-Masoretic Idiolect to Pre-LXX Attestations
Authors: Shapira Hananel
Published: November 2023

Through a literary-historical analysis of a specific excerpt (Jer 25:15–29) from the book of Jeremiah, this article argues that the elements present in the Masoretic Text but absent in the Septuagint are likely part of a more original version of the text. This conclusion challenges Stipp’s pre-Masoretic Idiolect theory, which posits that these elements always indicate the general priority of the Septuagint. Instead, this article suggests that Stipp’s theory oversimplifies the nuances of each occurrence, and that each textual unit should be analyzed independently. The origins of Stipp’s pre-Masoretic idiolect might emerge from the cases in which MT’s priority is to be preferred.
Research on the Reconstruction Path of Rural Community in Ethnic Areas from the Perspective of the Rural Revitalization in China
Authors: Wang Fushuai
Published: November 2023

The implementation of China’s rural revitalization strategy has accelerated the endogenous change of traditional villages, resulting in the restructuring of rural society in terms of geo-community, industrial community, and governance community, and the qualitative change of traditional villages in terms of culture, transportation, technology, and industry compared with the previous ones. The article focuses on a series of changes in the sense of community, which was originally built up by blood relations, as social change accelerates. This is reflected in the structural imbalance of social governance within the traditional villages, the decline of culture, the transformation of economic structure and the spatial reconstruction of the “three lives” of rural ecology and life. In terms of methodologies developed, this study has used survey, observation, and literature methods, as well as other research methods to analyze in detail the changes brought by social transformation to traditional villages, analyze the series of transformation of rural interpersonal relations, blood relations, value identity and so on in the context of social change, and analyze their causes, and at the same time put forward corresponding countermeasure suggestions. The rural revitalization strategy mainly starts from the sustainable development of the governance community, cultural community, industrial community, and spatial community of rural society, and formulates five development requirements in terms of specific measures: prosperous industry, civilized countryside, effective governance, affluent living, and pleasant ecological living. These specifics correspond to the transformation and development of communities in ethnic areas and propose more countermeasures for reconstructing them. By clarifying the connotation and logic of reconstructing the rural community in ethnic areas in China, the path of reconstructing the rural community in ethnic areas in China is constructed by starting from governance, culture, industry and space, stimulating the potential of rural cultural development while cultivating villagers’ spontaneous awareness of participating in rural governance, formulating rural industrial development plans in conjunction with the actual situation, and increasing people’s participation in rural governance in multiple forms and through multiple channels.
US and Chinese Aid to Africa: A Relational Approach to Impact on Soft Power
Authors: Wu Di , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2023

Over the last two decades, China has become increasingly influential in Africa, and the US policy pivoting to confront domestic challenges and withdrawing from its role in international fora has raised many concerns. Based on this global context, this paper examines the US-China soft power competition through foreign aid. It takes a relational lens to analyze their aid to the African countries. It first looks at how foreign aid could be transformed into soft power assets, and then innovatively puts the two countries side by side and examines the relational powers of their foreign aid and the impacts on the other’s national image. The paper uses ordered (Ordinary Least Squares) OLS, ordered logit, and IV regression to analyze aid data and opinion poll data. The results show that foreign aid can promote the African perceptions of both countries. It also finds that Chinese aid has a negative impact on the image of the US in Africa, while American aid has no significant effect on African perception of China. This conclusion aligns with the competitive nature of the US–China relationship. China’s model of aid may be preferred by Africans, while the US may need to revisit its approaches in Africa in order to turn this situation around.
The Angel and the Thief with the Pearl Earrings
Authors: Daniele Stefano
Published: November 2023

In 1609, Tommaso Zefiriele Bovio, a physician from Verona, died leaving unpublished his magnum opus: Teatro dell’Infinito, an account of the author’s astrological and magical theories. The reason seems to be attributable, first and foremost, to theft. We can find evidence to support this view in a series of letters uncovered: an epistolary exchange which happened from 1605 to 1606 between Bovio, Prince Antonio de’ Medici, and Ascanio Canacci—a freelancer working as a middleman in the purchase of esoteric items. These findings allow us to reconstruct the last events of the manuscript’s publishing history, evaluate Bovio’s persuasive efforts aimed at ensuring the printing of his work, and examine the Prince’s interest in the occult sciences. Lastly, the analysis of these letters enables us to trace the intricate relationships that the magician from Verona attempted to build with some of the most influential personalities of his time.
Rational Insight and Partisan Justification: Responding to Bogardus and Burton, Thurow, and Kvanvig
Authors: Pittard John
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses responses to Disagreement, Deference, and Rational Commitment from Bogardus and Burton, Thurow, and Kvanvig. Each of these responses objects to the rationalist account of “partisan justification” defended in the book. After explaining partisan justification and its significance, I first take up Bogardus and Burton’s argument for a more restrictive account of partisan justification which says that partisan justification requires certainty. I argue that this account yields implausible discontinuities in the verdicts given to nearly identical cases. Next, I consider Thurow’s suggestion that perceptual evidence can provide partisan justification without supporting rational insight. I explain why insight plays a crucial role in cases where perceptual beliefs enjoy partisan justification. Finally, I address Kvanvig’s objection that my account of partisan justification applies only to highly reflective agents. I argue that a subject’s actual reflectiveness does not bear on the sense of justification principally at issue in the disagreement literature.
Teresa’s Demons: Teresa of Ávila’s Influence on the Cartesian Skeptical Scenario of Demonic Deception
Authors: Forsman Jan
Published: November 2023

Recent research in Baroque Scholastic and early modern meditational exercises has demonstrated similarity between Descartes’s Meditations and St. Teresa of Ávila’s El Castillo Interior. While there is growing agreement on the influence of Catholic meditations on Descartes, the extent of Teresa’s role is debated. Instead of discussing the full extent of Teresa’s influence, this paper concentrates on one example of the considered influence: the skeptical scenario of demonic deception, having clear anticipation in Teresa’s work where the exercitant faces off against deceiving demonic forces, which confound and temporarily halt the meditative progress. The paper analyzes Teresa’s use of deceptive demons and its influence on the Cartesian Evil Demon scenario, while contrasting both with a discussion of demonic deception in the late Medieval and Baroque Scholastic context, arguing that demonological discussions in 1500s allowed both Teresa’s and Descartes’s deceivers to not only cause diversions but to make the deception laborious to resist.
Toward a Literary History of “Broken Language”: Reading Accent in E.T.A. Hoffmann, K. A. Tavaststjerna, and Vilhelm Moberg
Authors: Huss Markus , Tidigs Julia
Published: November 2023

Ever since the shibboleth narrative in the Book of Judges, the consequences of linguistic passing or non-passing have been demonstrated in literature. The article analyzes so-called “broken” or accented speech in terms of embodied and affectively charged nodes of linguistic entanglements: between belonging, affect, proficiency, ownership as well as inclusion and exclusion. The function of accented speech is in turn shown to be highly contextual, depending on socio-historical and cultural settings, as demonstrated in the article’s three case studies: E.T.A. Hoffmann’s “Der Sandmann” (1816), K. A. Tavaststjerna’s En patriot utan fosterland (1896), and Vilhelm Moberg’s Nybyggarna (1956).
If It Looks Like Terrorism, Feels Like Terrorism, Acts Like Terrorism, Then It Probably is Terrorism
Authors: Kushner Harvey W.
Published: November 2023

This article traces an academician’s transformation with respect to conceptualizing the concept of terrorism. The journey begins with a look back at the education necessary for entrance into the environment of academe. From inside its ivory tower walls, we see the ways that academia treats someone with real experiences gained from dealing directly with terrorism. The September 11, 2001 attacks unlike the 1979 Iranian Revolution bring new interest in the concept of terrorism. But within the academic community, old ways are hard to shake. This forces the academician to go outside the academy to make positions know. Armed with support from Polish and Ukrainian colleagues, the academician’s transformation in conceptualizing terrorism using abductive reasoning is finalized.
What about Decorative Tattoos? The Human Body in Heaven
Authors: Mavropoulos Angelos
Published: November 2023

The issue of the exact shape and form of the resurrected human body has been highly controversial and has concerned Christian theology throughout the ages. However, although deliberate body modification practices, such as tattooing, have been playing an important role for civilizations since ancient years, their place in heavenly life has hardly been discussed. In addition, decorative tattooing has a very interesting and also ethically controversial background through time, as one could say that it is both an act of embellishment and an act of mutilation, moving between two contrasted parallels, beauty and deformity. Examining, therefore, the specific questions of whether the risen flesh of the blessed will be perfectly beautiful and freed of any earthly deformities as well as whether it will resemble the resurrected ‘wounded’ body of Christ or not, this paper deals with the issue of the preservation of decorative tattoos in the Kingdom of Heaven.
Unpacking English as a foreign language PhDs’ return mobility and identity (re)construction at Chinese universities: A qualitative case study
Authors: Ai Bin , Zhang Jie , Kostogriz Alexander
Published: November 2023

Using qualitative case study as a method, the researchers collected data from four PhD returnees specializing in teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and inquired about their experiences of teacher identity (re)construction after their return to Chinese universities. The collected data demonstrate that these participants have encountered various challenges in complying with Chinese higher education practices; their unique insider/outsider experience and the contribution that they can make to internationalization of the university culture and pedagogy are undervalued, while they often feel unsupported to develop their research profile. This paper contributes to the current research into EFL PhDs’ mobility and their teacher identity (re)construction in the context of the internationalization of Chinese universities. The challenges and issues raised here may have commonalities with those faced in other international tertiary education settings, where EFL PhD students gain their qualifications overseas and return to a career in EFL in their own country.
Do Chameleons Lead Better? A Meta-Analysis of the Self-Monitoring and Leadership Relationship
Authors: Lei Linghe , Wang Chen , Pinto Jonathan
Published: November 2023

The relationship between self-monitoring and leadership has been debated. We attempt to resolve this debate through a meta-analysis ( N = 9,029 across 55 samples). Since this is the first meta-analysis that focuses on this relationship, we were able to study both focal constructs at a granular level. As hypothesized, self-monitoring is positively associated with leadership emergence and leadership effectiveness. Whereas self-monitoring is positively related to managerial leadership, its relationship with transactional leadership is non-significant. Contrary to our prediction that self-monitoring is negatively related to authentic leadership and to transformational leadership, we found positive relationships. Importantly, the relationship between self-monitoring and leadership variables is typically non-significant when the latter is measured by subordinate ratings. This casts doubt on the general finding that self-monitoring is positively related to leadership. Also, the relationships significantly differ when self-monitoring was measured by different scales. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Extraverts Reap Greater Social Rewards From Passion Because They Express Passion More Frequently and More Diversely
Authors: Krautter Kai , Büchner Anabel , Jachimowicz Jon M.
Published: November 2023

Passion is stereotypically expressed through animated facial expressions, energetic body movements, varied tone, and pitch—and met with interpersonal benefits. However, these capture only a subset of passion expressions that are more common for extraverts. Indeed, in an initial dyadic study of supervisors and their subordinates ( N = 330), extraverts expressed their passion more strongly through these stereotypical expressions of passion, and observers perceived extraverts as more passionate than introverts. Across three studies ( Ntotal = 1,373), we subsequently developed a more comprehensive passion expressions and behaviors scale (PEBS). Using this measure in a daily diary study ( N = 206, k = 1,862), we found that extraverts not only expressed their passion in more stereotypical ways, but through a broader variety of expressions in general. Extraverts are perceived as more passionate because they have a broader behavioral repertoire, express their passion more frequently and diversely, and thereby attain greater interpersonal rewards.
The Numbers of Animals Used in Mexico for Scientific and Educational Purposes
Authors: Frías-Álvarez Patricia , Ortiz-Millán Gustavo
Published: November 2023

In Mexico, there are no official public and reliably reported data on the total number and species of non-human animals used for scientific purposes. The aim of the current study was to calculate the total numbers of animals used for scientific and educational purposes in Mexico, from January 2015 to October 2021, based on data requested from the National Institute of Transparency, Access to Information and Protection of Personal Data (INAI, in Spanish). In this period, authorised laboratory animal facilities reported the use of 5,437,263 animals for scientific and educational purposes. However, these data should be viewed with caution, since there is no official register of all Mexican institutions that use animals for these purposes. The use of various species of different taxonomic groups was reported, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates. The main scientific purposes of this animal use were: technological development; innovation; laboratory testing; production of biologicals; quality control; diagnostic purposes; basic and applied research; and education. A robust system for the licensing and approval of animal use, as well as a means to ensure compliance with the relevant regulations, are both urgently required. In addition, in order to regulate animal use, monitor animal care and protect their welfare, the creation of a publicly accessible national database that records the number and species of the animals used is imperative.
Carceral domesticities and the geopolitics of Love Jihad
Authors: Krishnan Sneha
Published: November 2023

Religious conversion and marriage across communal lines have long been contentious in India. The contemporary debate on ‘Love Jihad’ – the Hindu Nationalist conspiracy theory that accuses Muslim men of waging a religious war by seducing and converting unsuspecting Hindu brides – exemplifies the simultaneously geopolitical and biopolitical anxiety that religious conversion inspires. In this paper, I focus on the case of Hadiya, a young woman from Kerala, who, in 2016, found herself remanded first to her university’s hostel – as dormitories are called in India – and then to her parents’ home as various courts debated on the authenticity of her conversion to Islam, and her marriage to a Muslim partner. Through an examination of media discourse and court records in this case, the paper argues that in ‘Love Jihad’, the domestic and the carceral are rendered inextricably intertwined through an affective politics that presents desire outside the bounds of caste and religion as geopolitically misoriented. Drawing on Sara Ahmed’s work on the phenomenology of orientation, I focus on the intimate geographies of the hostel, which I argue exemplifies a site of carceral convergence between nation and family, in the management of the affective disorder associated with religious conversion.
Raising Marketing Students’ Awareness of Their Role in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals: An Arts-and-Crafts-Based Pedagogy
Authors: Delacroix Eva
Published: November 2023

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framework for building sustainable marketing strategies to improve social and natural environments. Marketing is a key factor for achieving SDG12, “Ensuring sustainable production and consumption patterns,” and a new kind of marketing education is needed to engage and transform students accordingly. In a sustainable marketing class, we asked students to weave a rug from recycled clothes, then estimate its selling price, considering its production and environmental costs. This arts-and-crafts-based pedagogy gave students a deep understanding of the requirements of SDG12. It was engaging for students and highlighted the role marketing can play in raising willingness to pay higher prices for more sustainable products. In sum, this class achieved transformative sustainability learning in line with the Head, Hands, and Heart framework proposed by Sipos et al.