Optical properties, structural homogeneity and defect centers of double-doped LiNbO3:Zn:Mg single crystals obtained using different technologies
Authors:   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Titov R. A. , Smirnov M. V. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Bobreva L. A. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Teplyakova N. A. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Palatnikov M. N. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Biryukova I. V. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Masloboeva S. M. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Krylov A. S. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Vtyurin A. N. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”,   Siberian Federal University, Sidorov N. V. ,   Tananaev Institute of Chemistry — Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”
Published: October 2024

Features of the defect structure of a nominally pure LiNbO3stoich crystal and doubly doped LiNbO3:Zn:Mg (3.45:1.41 mol. %) and LiNbO3:Zn:Mg (3.45:1.22 mol. %) single crystals have been studied using Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence, laser conoscopy and photoinduced light scattering. The material for the study has been obtained using homogeneous and direct doping technology. It has been shown that double-doped LiNbO3:Zn:Mg crystals obtained using different technologies have high resistance to damage by laser radiation. However, the LiNbO3:Zn:Mg (3.45:1.22 mol. %) crystal obtained using direct doping technology is characterized by lower compositional uniformity compared to the LiNbO3:Zn:Mg (3.45:1.41 mol.  %) crystal obtained using homogeneous doping technology. Raman spectra have showed that the features of the defect structure of double-doped LiNbO3:Zn:Mg crystals are largely determined by the magnesium impurity. This may be the reason that the influence of the ordering mechanism of magnesium cations (~ 1.22 – 1.44 mol. %) prevails over the influence of the disordering mechanism of zinc cations (~ 3.45 mol. %) on the features of the structural units of the cation sublattice. It has been found that the lowest concentration of OH groups and photoluminescence intensity in the near-IR region is characteristic of the LiNbO3:Zn:Mg (3.45:1.41 mol. %) crystal obtained using homogeneous doping technology.