bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mother mortality in St. Petersburg and path of its preventive maintenence
Authors: Repina M. A.
Published: October 2021

In the state-of-the-art review in details and scrupulous the reasons, structure are considered mother mortality in St. -Petersburg during the last 25 years. Paths of optimization of the help pregnant women to the women at out-patient, stationary levels, lowering of probability of medical errors are shown.
Reproductive the woman as criterions of bioecological diagnostics and control of an environment
Authors: Ailamasian E. K.
Published: October 2021

As a result of prolonged researches concerned of influence unfavorable factors of an environment, executed in Scientific Research Institute of Obstetrics and Ginecology named after D.O. Ott of RAMS obtained information of a conceptual level. It was established that effect of various factors nature-technogenic environment on the health of the women is actually identical, violation it reproductive function, have, some digit with one manual, in them dominated nonspecific or pathologic processes, the weight of which depends from duration, intensity of effect pathologic of the factors and from efficiency of processes of adaptation reproductive of the system the woman.
Functional state hypophis-thyreoid and hypophis-subrenal of the system at the women at phisiolgoic pregnancy andlate toxicosis
Authors: Bystrova K. S. , Gornova L. N.
Published: October 2021

The radioimmune method investigates a content main adaptive hormones (axes hypopis - cortex of subrenal glands; corticotropin, cortisol, aldosteron; axeses hypopis - thyreoid glands: thyreotropin, T3, T4, and also prolactin and progesteron) at mothers and their newborn children at phisiological pregnancy and at easy hestosis. Total 30 pairs: mother- newborn was inspected.

A content of T3 and T4 at 22 pregnant women with hestation in term 39-40 of weeks during physiological pregnancy and during late hestosis. Obtained data allow to make the output, that long late hestosis pregnancy (more than 4-th weeks), even in case of it not hard of manifestations (preeklamsia of an easy degree), renders negative effect on hypopis - thyreoid glands function of mothers, shown by response of exhausting in reply to bom stress.
Significance of hypomagneemia in obstetrical practice and application of Magne V6
Authors: Kosheleva N. G. , Prokopenko V. M. , Buzurukova P. S. , Vosheva T. P. , Krol T. M. , Khoroshilova G. M.
Published: October 2021

Exchange of a magnesium at 78 pregnant women with threat of interruption of pregnancy, hestosis in light form, diabetus mellitus of 1-th type of light form.

Magne V6 was included in complex treatment of 40 pregnant women with a main pathology. Magne V6 was applied on 2 tablets 3 times per a day during 8 days.

In an outcome of treatment normalization of a balance M G2 + in an organism was marked: raisedlnitially reduced level M G2 + in blood and was reduced a little экскреция of a magnesium with urine. By comparison of exchange M G2 + with CPO the best outcomes are obtained there, where CPO was increased. Metrics CPO were redused after treatment by Magne V6 at all these pregnant women. Magne V6 it is possible to recommend for treatment of threat of interruption of pregnancy, hestosis (oedima of a pregnant women, nephropathy of 1 -st),diabetus mellitus.
Morphofunctionale the characteristic decidual of a shell and serum levels prolactine at gestosis
Authors: Tatarova N. A. , Susloparov L. A. , Rindin V. A. , Michailow V. M.
Published: October 2021

The investigation of cytohystochemistry of features a decidual sell and content in serum of blood prolactine at during physiological of pregnancy and gestosis was spent with help of the modern methods. Was installed, that a dynamic research plasma of levels prolactine allows to estimate adaptive possibilities phetoplacental of a complex at gestosis. High correlation was marked of data, obtained at ultrasonic placentagraphie, cytohystochemistry researches and definition of levels prolactine in serum of blood was marked. The emplayment of data of methods has large practical value.
Use tibolone (livial) at patients with klimacteric cardiopathie
Authors: Bobrov L. L. , Dudarenko S. V. , Qbrezan A. G.
Published: October 2021

In operation own data and analytical arguing about possibility of application replacement hormonal of therapy (RHT) Livial at patients with climacteric cardiopathies are represented. In an outcome of researches is installed, that Livial promotes improving systole of myocard and reduces a degree it hypertrophy; normalization intracardial and intravascular bloodstream, improving active activw relaxing of the left ventricle and rise of elasticity large arterys. The tendency to normalization, and on early stages climacteric climacteric hypertension - normalization arterial of pressure, and also - improving trofics of the myocard, rise of its electrical stability and lowering arithmogenic is observed; an amplification anticoagulation and lowering procoagulation of a potential of blood with improving oj microcirculation. Obtained data specify validity and necessity RHT of Livial at the women with climacteric cardiopathies.
Herpes-virus infection of pregnant women
Authors: Yaroslavzki V. K. , Isakov V. A. , Semenov А. Е.
Published: October 2021

The modem items of information and the own point of view of the authors about clinical manifestations methods of diagnostics and treatment herpes-virus infection of pregnant women are represented in the lecture.
State of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with Chiari I malformation
Authors: Krupina N. E. , Pyshkina L. I. , Kabanov A. A.
Published: October 2021

The special features of the cerebral hemodynamics were studied in 138 patients with Chiari I malformation (CM) with a help of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and transcranial dopplerography (TCD). MRA data analysis (58) revealed the frequent presence of vertebrobasilar system (VBS) maldevelopment and embryonic type of the circle of Willis. TCD data analysis (100) discovered vertebrobasilar insufficiency and bilateral blood flow increase in the intracranial part of the internal carotid arteries giving evidence of the compensated blood flow from the carotid system to the VBS. 21,0% of patients with CM and communicating hydrocephalia had TCD signs of intracranial hypertension. The most significant changes in cerebral hemodynamics were found in patients with marked pathology and elder than 30 years old.
Peculiarities of neurovegetative sphere in patients, born with a large body mass
Authors: Laskov V. B. , Polyanskaya M. V.
Published: October 2021

Some clinico-paraclinical characteristics have been made for persons, who had been born with the large and medium body mass. These characteristics were observed at the age of 6 years and 20-24 years old for revealing peculiarities of functions in neurovegetative sphere. It was determined, that large birth body mass is a risk factor for developing perinatal encellopathy and natal spinal trauma of cervical department in vertebral column, as well as some other neurology disorders, which character has been changing due to age of a person. Diagnostically significant clinico-paraclinical parameters, reflecting a functional state of neurovegetative sphere when having a large weight at birth were determined. A necessity of developing and using individual schemes of primary and secondary prophylaxis of the revealed peculiarities of the neuro vegetative functions has been proved.
Sex and age aspects of neurogenesis anticipation mechanisms
Authors: Rukavishnikov D. V. , Mendelevich V. D.
Published: October 2021

Clinico-psychopathogical and experiementally-psychological studies of 65 patients with neurotic disorders showed in them presence of three stages of neurosis formation during psycho-injuring situation. To prolonging behavoral disorders of the third stage an absence or insufficient expressiveness of anticipation properties of a person lead. It was more frequently observed in women, than in men. Apart from sex differentiation an age specificity in forming neurosis has been revealed too. Age specific characteristic envolved encreasing and persistence of boardering mental disorders in middle-agel years in comparison with the younger years. This has been confirmed in experimental and psychological studies (indices of situational and psychological alarm, deviations from autogenic and vegetative coefficient).
Myelopolyradiculoneuritis with lesions predominantly across the spinal cord
Authors: Ponomarev V. V. , Khodulev V. I.
Published: October 2021

Acute primary myelitis is an inflammatory disease of the spinal cord. Transverse and multifocal myelitis is distinguished, differing in the size and number of foci of inflammation in individual segments of the spinal cord. Acute transverse myelitis is considered as a separate nosological form in the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The introduction of such modern paraclinical examination methods as electroneuromyography (ENMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), make it possible to visualize the morphological substrate of the disease, to better understand the nature and mechanisms of its development.
Difficulties in the differential diagnosis of endogenous, organic and psychogenic disorders
Authors: Becker I. M. , Vasiyanova V. V. , Koblova O. V.
Published: October 2021

Over the past decades, the number of acute reactive psychoses with a classic picture of clouding of consciousness, traditionally considered hysterical for pathogenesis, has been steadily decreasing. L.V. Romasenko (1988) provides data on the intranosomorphosis of hysterical manifestations in forensic psychiatric practice, a decrease in the number of hysterical reactions outside the framework of hysterical psychopathies during 60 years of observation. If in the 1946 manual on forensic psychiatry, hysterical twilight states are shown as a frequent occurrence, and Ganser's syndrome is considered at the same time as a kind of pseudodement state, then already in Forensic Psychiatry (1988) a typical clinic of Ganser's syndrome is defined as an acutely occurring twilight disorder of consciousness and the conclusion is made that "at present in the forensic psychiatric clinic there is rarely a clinically expressed Ganser syndrome." Finally, the latest manual from Forensic Psychiatry (1998) describes the same clinic and concludes that "this syndrome does not currently occur in the forensic psychiatric clinic." A classic description of the Ganser syndrome is given in the "Guide to Psychiatry" by E. Bleuler (1920). The most vividly pathogenetic mechanisms of reactive states are presented in "General psychopathology" by K. Jaspers (1997).
Intracranial non-traumatic hemorrhage
Authors: Danilov V. I. , Martynenko S. N. , Ismagilov M. F.
Published: October 2021

Among intracranial nontraumatic hemorrhages, intracerebral nontraumatic hemorrhages (NHC), which occur most often, are distinguished, and primary meningeal (subdural, epidural) hematomas.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis cerebral foci
Authors: Ibatullin M. M. , Matveeva T. V. , Anufriev A. M.
Published: October 2021

The close attention to the problem of multiple sclerosis (MS) is by no means accidental. The widespread prevalence of the disease, the young age of the patients, the low effectiveness of therapy and the high percentage of disability among people of the most working age cause extreme concern [3, 7, 19]. MS is the most common demyelinating disease of the nervous system, which is characterized by a polysymptomatic and recurrent course [1, 4, 5, 59]. According to R. Detd. et al. (1977) and S.M. Poser et al. (1983), MS occurs in 4-10% of cases in different countries, more often in the south of Russia, Israel, the United States, Europe and Latin America. The pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood, in particular, the role of genetic factors and autoimmune processes in the mechanisms of MS development has not been fully determined [2, 55, 70]. The basis of the disease is the process of demyelination with the formation of disseminated dense sclerotic foci in the white matter of the brain [31, 33]. These foci, resembling gliosis scars, are the result of a local inflammatory process, accompanied by the destruction of the myelin sheaths and axons of nerve cells [28]. The pathological feature of MS is considered to be a violation of the blood-brain barrier. In the acute phase of the disease, the disintegration of oligodendrocytes, which make up the myelin sheath of axons, and the migration of activated immune cells to the focus of antigenic conflict (into microglia and astrocytes) occur. In this case, there is muff-like adhesion of endothelial cells and leukocytes around venules and along the pathways with the subsequent formation of dense sclerotic plaques [8, 16]. In some cases, remyelination occurs, and then re-disintegration with the formation of plaques. In postmortem examination, MS foci are most often detected near the anterior and posterior parts of the lateral ventricles, in the region of the semi-oval center, subcortical nuclei, trunk, cerebellum, in the spinal cord, and also in the optic nerves.
Neuropsychic development of premature babies in remote periods of life
Authors: Volgina S. Ya. , Mendelevich V. D.
Published: October 2021

Premature babies are one of the most important health problems worldwide. People began to be interested in the prospects for further neuropsychic development (NDP) of prematurely born children even when their nursing and treatment were associated with great difficulties. It is known that the bulk (up to 80%) of neurological diseases develop in the ante- and perinatal periods of life. Among the main causes of brain damage that may already exist in a child by the time of his birth, the following are distinguished: congenital and hereditary diseases, hypoxic-ischemic damage, intrauterine infections [2].
Stroke patterns in cardio-embolic infarction in a population-based study (Neurol. Res. — 2001. — Jun. — 23(4). — P. 309—314: англ.)
Authors: Urbinelli R. , Bolard P. , Lemesle M. , Osseby G. , Thomas V. , Boruel D. , Megherbi S. , Giroud A. , Wolf J. , Giroud M.
Published: October 2021

The population study used determines the features of the course of strokes or the so-called stroke pattern in patients with cardio-embolic infarction. In a prospective population study for 14 years (1985-1997), cardio-embolic infarction was diagnosed in 882 (37.9%) of 2330 patients who had had the first acute cerebrovascular accident.
La vivienda de los tres espacios de Portoviejo como patrimonio cultural de las comunidades rurales manabitas
Authors: Hidalgo Zambrano Raúl Vinicio , Pérez Montero Ofelia , Milanés Batista Celene
Published: October 2021

Este artículo es el resultado de un quinquenio de investigación científica sobre la arquitectura vernácula manabita donde se estudió el tipo de “viviendas de los tres espacios”. El artículo tiene como objetivo revelar los valores y tradiciones culturales de las viviendas de los tres espacios en las comunidades rurales de Portoviejo, en Manabí, Ecuador. Se hizo uso de la investigación cualitativa, para lo cual se utilizaron las técnicas de entrevistas semiestructuradas, historias de vidas, observación científica y análisis de contenidos de archivos y documentos históricos. Se estudiaron 309 viviendas. Se identificaron las variables de identidad cultural, tradiciones constructivas y usos de los espacios. Los resultados revelan que las viviendas de los tres espacios manabitas ha sido una construcción histórico-cultural de su pueblo transmitida de generación en generación. A estas viviendas se le atribuyen valores económicos, estéticos, históricos, de uso, formal y simbólico que se corresponden a los señalados en las cartas de la Unesco como parte de la arquitectura vernácula. Las viviendas de los tres espacios han sido conservadas por los pueblos rurales, son sostenibles y preservan sus valores en los entornos naturales donde están localizadas.
Use of Triamcinolone in keloid
Authors: B. Shwetha , D. C. Sathyaki
Published: October 2021

Background: Keloids are well known for recurrence. There is no standardized regimen for the treatment of keloids. Many different treatment modalities such as surgical excision, intralesional corticosteroids, radiotherapy, and pressure earrings have been used for keloids. Surgical excision alone may result in recurrence rate of 40-100%. Many different modalities of treatment have been tried to prevent recurrence. Aims and objectives of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of Triamcinolone in preventing recurrence of Keloid.

Methods: 40 patients who underwent excision of keloid at a tertiary care centre. Surgery alone was performed in 20 patients and surgery with post operative intra lesional Triamcinolone injection was given weekly interval for 6 weeks in another 20 patients. Patients were followed up for the period of 2 years

Results: Recurrence was found in 5 patients who underwent excision alone and there was no recurrence among patients who received post operative intra lesional triamcinolone.

Conclusions: Multi modality treatment is better to prevent recurrence of Keloid.
Functional outcome evaluation of Neer’s two part and three part proximal humeral fractures treated by percutaneous K-wire fixation in a tertiary care hospital in North India: a prospective study of 21 patients
Authors: Spolia Pankaj , Ghani Abdul
Published: October 2021

Background: The treatment of proximal humeral fractures is controversial. The advantages of percutaneous Kirschner’s wire (K-wire) fixation include preservation of periosteal blood supply, minimal blood loss, less soft tissue damage and shorter hospital stay. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 2 part and 3 part proximal humeral fractures in terms of functional outcome at final follow up.

Methods: This was a prospective study of 21 patients aged 20 to 60 years with mean age of 44.2 years including two part and three part proximal humeral fractures based on Neer’s classification, treated by percutaneous K-wire fixation. Functional outcome was assessed by Constant-Murley score at 1 year follow up.

Results: On the basis of Neer’s classification, 13 patients had 2 part fracture, 8 patients had 3 part fracture. Radiological union was achieved within 7 to 15.2 weeks, with an average of 11.6 weeks. The mean constant score at 1 year follow up was 78.2, range (42 to 96). In the present study, complications were seen in 8 (38.1%) patients. The results were in proximity with the existing literature.

Conclusions: Percutaneous fixation is minimally invasive technique with preservation of periosteal blood supply, minimal blood loss, less soft tissue damage, surgery can be done under brachial plexus block, less chances of avascular necrosis, shorter hospital stay, no hardware in situ, thus no hardware symptoms, leaves no surgical scar and lowers the rate of complications.

 
Next generation sequencing: A promising tool to explore the personalized medicine in understanding the neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Gawade Gayatri , Chaudhary Sameer A , Chaudhary Sapana , Rawat Sakshi , Bilgrami Anwar L , Padwal Meghana
Published: October 2021

Despite the various advances made in the diagnosis and treatments, the incidence of the neurodegenerative diseases has increased manifold during the last few decades. The inadequate early diagnosis appears to be the main reason behind the significant increase in the number of neurodegenerative diseases and their poor prognosis. Next generation sequencing has been discovered as an effective and indicative tool, especially for chronic and severe neurological illnesses, such as Parkinson and Alzheimer. As a clinical apparatus, next generation sequencing will help in creating explicit hereditary focuses for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and finding new diagnostic biomarkers. Next-generation sequencing has been demonstrated to be increasingly productive, practical and utilizes molecular determination, which determines biomarkers and different targets quicker and efficiently than the other established diagnostic methods. There is a desperate requirement to change the current treatment and medication regimes in order to make better prognosis for the patients. This can be accomplished by utilizing customized drug to treat neurodegenerative diseases and using next generation sequencing with personal medicine as the method for specialized treatment of the patients suffering from neurodegenerative disorders.
Vitamin D nemesis of COVID-19
Authors: Cassinadane Ananda Vayaravel , Sridhar Akshaya , Mohan Monisha , Rajendiran Kalai Selvi , Sekar Priyanka , Singh Anand Shanker , Nambiar Selvaraj
Published: October 2021

The surge in the spread of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic alerted us to opt for the preventive medicine, as prevention is always better than cure. Apart from wearing mask, frequent hand washing and social distancing, strengthening our immune response plays a pivotal role in preventing infections. Vitamin D not only aids in calcium and phosphate homeostasis but also acts as an immunomodulator; the deficiency of which is linked with various respiratory and systemic infections. Hence we took up this review to study the effect of vitamin D in corona illness. Vitamin D exerts the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, hinders zinc metabolism, lowers Interleukin 6 levels and thereby inhibits cytokine storm in covid patients. Studies have proved that the covid patients have vitamin D deficiency and its supplementation improves the disease severity as well as the length of hospital stay. To conclude, Vitamin D supplementation can protect as well as halt the progression of corona virus disease. Further trials are needed to set the therapeutic levels in various stages of corona illness.
Prevalence of obesity and its association with stress levels among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Devi C Suvarna , Krishna T. Sharmila , Harini M , Rao E Venkata , Viswakumar R
Published: October 2021

The burden of obesity and its related disorders is growing to an epidemic form, particularly among young adults, both in the developing and developed countries. Pursuing medical education is considered stressful throughout the course of the training. Stress leading to disordered eating habits along with lack of physical activity tend to make medical students more prone to obesity related disorders. The present study was carried out to find out the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with stress among medical undergraduates.

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. After obtaining approval from the Institutional ethics committee, both male and female students were invited to participate. Data on age, gender, type of diet, physical activity, consumption of junk food and other habits were collected. Cohen’s perceived stress score questionnaire was used to quantify the level of stress.

Among 170 students, about 18.2% (n=31) of students were obese and 8.2% (n=14) were overweight. The mean stress score was 17.2 (± 4.72) and about 78% (n=133) reported to have stress with scores > 13. There was a significant association between BMI and consumption of junk food and a mild positive correlation existed between BMI and perceived stress score index(PSSI) among first year medical undergraduates.

Obesity and stress remain a common problem among medical undergraduates. The causality can be established with more robust study designs. Encouraging proper eating habits combined with daily physical activity, yoga and body weight management programs might help curbing the problem.
Prognostic significance of various biochemical markers in Corona virus disease (COVID)-19: A tertiary care hospital study in Kakinada East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Rajeswari G , Gopal P Satya , Prasad G.B.V.V.S.V
Published: October 2021

This study was conducted on covid 19 patients who admitted in various wards in tertiary care centre (Government general hospital, Kakinada) E.G, Dt, Andhra Pradesh, from the 1st November 2020 to 15th January 2021 before Immunization. And divided in to two groups male and female cases. This study involves estimation of Biochemical profile in all the admitted patients to predict the severity of the covid 19 disease at the time of admission in to the Hospital.

To analyse and estimate the serum inflammatory markers like D dimer, Ferritin, C-Reactive Protein, LFT and RFT in Covid 19 patients and evaluate the relationship of inflammatory marker se D-Dimer with other inflammatory markers like Ferritin, CRP and biochemical markers like Creatinine and liver enzymes (OT, PT).

We retrospectively analysed the Clinical features and lab parameters of 393 cases of Covid-19 admitted to tertiary care hospital GGH Kakinada.

Plasma d dimer, serum CRP and ferritin were significantly raised in total covid 19 patients and more increased in males when compared with females. Biochemical parameters like creatinine and liver enzymes also elevated in total cases and more increased in males as compared with females suggest organ dysfunction and systemic inflammation. The most typical finding in patients with COVID-19 coagulopathy is an increased D dimer concentration, and the relationship between D-dimer levels and the other markers of inflammation like Ferritin, CRP in COVID-19 shows disease progression.

We conclude that biochemical monitoring of Covid-19 patients helps in identifying critically ill patients even earlier, aiming to reduce mortality and improve the recovery rate.
Serum magnesium and uric acid levels in pre-diabetic patients – A case control study
Authors: Ravichandran Jeevakumar
Published: October 2021

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting many organs and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world because the disease is insidious. The diagnosis often is delayed and may affect both larger and smaller blood vessels. Prediabetes is a state of a person before the diagnosis of diabetes which is associated with many diabetic complications. The purpose of this study is to find the association of serum magnesium and uric acid levels in prediabetes.

It is a case control study where subjects with prediabetes were considered as cases and subjects with normal glucose levels as controls. The subject’s serum glucose levels, serum zinc levels and serum magnesium levels of both the groups was measured and analyzed.

The mean of the Serum Magnesium level in cases was 1.42 ± 0.54 mg/dl and that of controls is 1.93 ± 0.44 mg/dl and the mean of the Serum Uric acid levels in cases among males and females are 7 ± 1.95 mg/dl and 6.63 ± 1.71 mg/dl respectively and that of controls is 5.02 ± 0.98 mg/dl and 4.31 ± 0.87 mg/dl which were statistically significant. The results obtained are in such a way that there is a decreased magnesium and increased uric acid levels in prediabetes.

Hypomagnesemia might be due to defective insulin receptor phosphorylation, decreased glucokinase activity and closing of potassium channels causing insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion or both. Hyperuricemia would be due to tubular hypertrophy, oxidative stress and inflammation. Finding this relation will help us to prevent progression of prediabetes to diabetes by suitable diet, exercise and life style modifications.
Gene mutation can be treated in breast cancer by gene therapy
Authors: Mahmood Shaikh
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer or carcinoma is mostly characterized by a series of genetic mutations or gene mutations and is therefore ideally place for gene therapy intervention. The aim of gene therapy is to deliver a nucleic acid based drug to either correct or destroy the cells harbouring the genetic aberration. More recently cancer gene therapy has evolved to also encompass delivery of RNA interference technologies, as well as cancer DNA vaccines. However the bottleneck in creating such nucleic acid pharmaceuticals lies in the delivery. Deliverability of DNA is limited as it is circulating nucleases, therefore numerous strategies have been employed to aid with biological transport. This review will discuss some of viral and non viral approaches to breast to breast cancer therapy an present the findings of clinical trials of these therapies in breast cancer patients. Also detailed are some of the most recent developments in non viral approaches to targeting in breast cancer gene therapy. This include transcriptional control, and the development of recombinant, multifunctional bio- inspired system.
A clinical study of contrast sensitivity and visual acuity in patients following retinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy
Authors: B Anupama , Oomman Sithara Sara
Published: October 2021

This study is aimed to assess the effect of retinal photocoagulation on contrast sensitivity and visual acuity.

In this prospective observational study,patients with diabetic retinopathy in either one or both eyes requiring retinal photocoagulation were included in the study. Eyes which were subjected to treatment for diabetic retinopathy were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 included eye which were subjected to pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP) alone, Group 2 included eyes which were subjected to PRP and macular laser (ML) and Group 3 included eyes which were subjected to ML alone. Assessment of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were done before and three months post retinal photocoagulation.Descriptive statistics were used and where required. paired t test, One- way, ANOVA, Post HOC tests, Tukey HSD tests were used. The sample size was calculated to be 64 eyes.

Total of 64 eyes of 37 patients, underwent retinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy. Out of the 37 patients, only 16 patients (29 eyes) came for follow up at the end of 3 months of laser photocoagulation. Number of eyes requiring PRP was more when compared to PRP with ML and ML alone. Pre-laser and post-laser visual acuity following PRP, remained unchanged. Improvement in visual acuity was seen in eyes that underwent ML alone. There was worsening of visual acuity in eyes that underwent combination of PRP and ML. However, p value was not significant. Pre-laser and post-laser contrast sensitivity, improved in eyes that underwent only PRP and macular laser alone. There was a reduction in CS when both forms of treatment were combined, though p value was not significant

Eyes which underwent PRP alone, showed improvement in contrast sensitivity without any change in visual acuity. While reduction in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity was observed in eyes which underwent combination treatment (PRP and ML), there was improvement in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in eyes which underwent macular laser alone.

Contrast sensitivity is necessary component of visual function. Abnormal contrast sensitivity can affect day to day activities. Hence it is important to counsel patients about the possibility of contrast sensitivity being affected to some extent following laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy.
Comparative study of rebamipide & betamethasone in managing stomatopyrosis in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) patients
Authors: Md. Asdullah  , Salati Nasir A , Khan Masood H , Tiwari R K , Verma Pradhuman , Aggarwal Anshul
Published: October 2021

Oral sub mucous fibrosis (OSF) is commonly seen in the Indian subcontinent affecting individuals of all age groups. It is a potentially malignant disorder caused almost exclusively by the use of smokeless form of tobacco products. The malignant transformation rates vary from 3 to 19%. The standard of care (SOC) in managing OSF includes habit cessation, intralesional steroid and hyaluronidase injections, and mouth opening exercises.

To evaluate the efficacy of rebamipide to reduce the oral burning sensation associated with OSMF as compared to coventional Betamethasone intralesional injection.

After providing information about the study and obtaining consent, these individuals were divided into two groups of 15 each using random sampling method. Patients in the rebamipide group (group I) were prescribed 100 mg tablets of rebamipide thrice a day for 21 days. The other 15 patients (group II) were given SOC, intralesional betamethasone injection 4 mg/mL once a week for 4 weeks. Visual analog scale (VAS) with 11 points (0–10) was used to assess burning sensation in the first visit, and change in the burning sensation was assessed after every 7th day on VAS in both the groups.

: The improvement in the VAS score in each visit was significant (p < 0.05) in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th visit. The VAS score between the 4th and 5th visit failed to reach a statistically significant level (p > 0.05). The VAS score was significantly different between the rebamipide and betamethasone group (p > 0.05) in third & fourth visit.

Our results showed that rebamipide was equally efficacious if not better than the betamethasone intralesional injections.
Flap vs flapless technique for impacted third molar removal: A split mouth prospective randomized control study
Authors: Neeraj  , Beniwal Banshilal , Agarwal Padmanidhi , Berwal Vikas , Malik Richa
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative sequelae of removal of impacted third molars in participants treated with conventional flap elevation technique or with a minimally invasive flapless technique.

Participants with bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars were included. They were divided into two sites constituting 2 groups. One group was operated by using conventional flap design and elevation and other with flapless technique. Objective clinical parameters were recorded and compared in the post-operative period like mouth opening, swelling, surgical time, and pocket depth. Subjective parameters including pain were also assessed and statistically analyzed.

The sites operated in Group II (Flapless technique) had better results (p≤0.05) in terms of pain, swelling, trismus, and pocket depth distal to second molar when compared to Group I (Flap).

The flapless technique gives better surgical results and improved healing process after third molar removal and so should be recommended in routine clinical practice.
Ramsay hunt syndrome- expect the unexpected: A case report
Authors: Saxena Poorva , Reddy G. V. Ramachandra , Handa Hina , Singh Ajita
Published: October 2021

Herpes zoster represents a latent reactivation of the varicella zoster virus infection with a dermatomal pattern of eruption and complicated by post-herpetic neuralgia. Ramsay hunt syndrome is a rare complication of herpes zoster and it is not just a syndrome but it's rather an infectious disease. This syndrome is characterized by peripheral facial nerve palsy associated with an erythematous vesicular rash on the ear. It is characterized by unilateral pattern of facial involvement and presence of vesicles helps in early diagnosis and distinguish the syndrome with diseases mimicking other severe neurological diseases. This article reports a case of 56-year-old male patient who reported with a complaint of severe toothache, which serves as severe prodrome for reactivation of herpes zoster virus which later leads to Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

This case report highlights about the management of herpes zoster and its complication and emphasizes on prevention of post herpetic neuralgia complication.
CBCT report of three intresting cases of cysts and its radiographic presentations
Authors: Subbulakshmi A Cicilia , Bharathi Saravana , Naveen S
Published: October 2021

Accurate diagnosis with imaging and treatment planning are key in the execution of any surgical procedure.Panoramic radiography has been routinely used in dentistry to assist in clinical diagnosis, treatment procedure but it has limitations such as overlapping of anatomical areas which are of interest in the diagnosis. The invention of computed tomography (CT) had revolutionized the digital imaging though their limitations like 2-dimensional imaging features such as distortion, magnification, and superimposition were present. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is rapidly gaining Interest in the medical fraternity. it was designed with the aim to offset some of the limitations of panoramic and CT imaging .

CBCT ever since its inception, it had been routinely used in dentistry for its numerous advantages such as 3-dimensional and multi-planar views. Linear, Curved and angular measurements could be performed along with area and volume calculation and density. All with less radiation exposure compared to conventional computed tomography (CT) scans. In this case series three cases of jaw cysts have been presented with varied radiographic features and the role of CBCT in these cases flooding us with enormous radiographic informations which paved the way for precise surgical management.
The deceptive histomorphology of DGCT – A case report
Authors: Sushmitha S  , Ramesh V , Premalatha B , Ramadoss K
Published: October 2021

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumors (DGCTs) are uncommon neoplasms classified as a solid variant of the calcifying odontogenic cyst and defined as a locally invasive neoplasm, characterized histologically by an ameloblastomatous epithelium with an area of ghost cell formation and a varying amount of dentinoid. Herein, we present the case of a 22-year old man who was referred to us due to recurrent swelling of right posterior mandibular region. The diagnosis of a DGCT was made by the use of advanced radiographic imaging and detailed histopathological examination.
Is it Possible to Stabilize the Earth Climate by Transition to Renewable Energy?
Authors: Arutyunov V.S.
Published: October 2021

The evolution of the Universe proceeds through the persistent complication of the appearing objects. As the constituent objects become more complex, the intensity of their energy exchange with the environment increases, which is necessary to counteract entropic processes. Our Civilization is the most complex of the natural systems, with the development of which its energy consumption has constantly increased and will inevitably increase in the future. This will happen regardless of the sources of energy, be it fossil hydrocarbons, thermonuclear energy, or solar radiation, which is the only primary source of all renewable energy. The use of the latter on a global scale will reduce the Earth’s albedo. Maintaining the thermal balance of the Earth by increasing the emission of low-potential IR radiation into space will require an increase in surface temperature. Thus, the current strategy of managing climate processes by reducing greenhouse gas emissions is in princi¬ple not capable of preventing the inevitable future global warming caused by the progressive development of Civilization, but will require enormous funds, energy, natural resources and intellectual potential. Until more realistic ideas about the ways of development of Civilization and the corresponding strategic decisions are put forward, the most rational tactic of our relationship with the environment is not to stave off inevitable changes, but to prepare for them.
Ligand Assisted Control of Photoluminescence in Organometal Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Sekerbayev K.S. , Mussabek G.K. , Shabdan Ye. , Taurbayev Ye.T.
Published: October 2021

Organometal perovskite nanocrystals have shown remarkable properties not only in photovoltaics, but also in light-emitting devices. In this work colloidal nanocrystals of organometal perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPBr) with effective visible photoluminescence were synthesized by the ligand assisted reprecipitation method. The studies were carried out by photoluminescence spectroscopy and optical transmission spectroscopy. Analysis of the photoluminescence and transmission spectra showed that by changing the concentration of the ligands oleylamine and octylamine, it is possible to control the size of nanocrystals and the photoluminescence wavelength due to the quantum confinement effect. It was shown that the increase in ligands concentration in MAPBr perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) solutions decreases the width of the peak which indicates a better quality of the obtained nanocrystals. An increase in the band gap indicates a decrease in the size of the nanocrystals. Replacing the ligands in the colloidal perovskite NCs solutions leads to shift of the photoluminescence peak from 456 to 535 nm.
Indigenous Governance Systems and Democracy in Ethiopia: Yejoka Qicha System of the Gurage People
Authors: Bitew Birhanu , Sewenet Asabu , Fentahun Getachew
Published: October 2021

Indigenous governance systems within the Eastern African nation of Ethiopia are often dismissed by Western political elites as undemocratic. We assessed the nature of and level of democracy in Indigenous governance systems in Ethiopia by focusing on the Yejoka Qicha of the Gurage people. We found that, while the Yejoka Qicha system includes democratic elements that can support national efforts to consolidate democracy, it also marginalizes some groups, such as women, from political and economic benefits. As such, we recommend the implementation of policies that eliminate the oppressive aspects of the Yejoka Qicha system, while also recognizing the role that these Indigenous governance systems can have in promoting democracy within Ethiopia.
The perception of Nigerian students of German about serious games: Using ‘Secret of the Sky Disc’ as a case study
Authors: Oyedele Olajumoke , Aderoju Waliyat Kola
Published: October 2021

The use of serious games is usually common, but digital games are not used in the teaching of German. This study aims to find out the attitude of students of German to the possible use of serious games in the teaching of German at the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) and their impression of the game ‘secret of the sky disc’ introduced by the Goethe Institute for the learning of German as a foreign language. Two different sets of questionnaires were administered to the students of German of OAU. The resulting data were analysed, discussed and conclusions were drawn. The results show the readiness of students of German for the use of digital games in teaching German at the university. The study adds to the limited literature on the use of serious games in teaching German as a foreign language
 
Keywords: German, Nigeria, perception, serious games, Obafemi Awolowo University, students.
Cross-country comparison of foreign language curriculum in Germany, Spain and Turkey
Authors: Köse Neslihan , Unsal Haluk
Published: October 2021

In an ever-increasing global world, foreign language teaching (FLT) has been in the agenda of many countries. The purpose of this study is to compare the FLT curriculum at compulsory education in Germany (Berlin) and Spain (Madrid) with the curriculum in Turkey. Qualitative in nature, the study is designed as a multiple (collective) case study. Maximum variation (heterogeneity) sampling, a purposeful sampling strategy, is used to compare the FLT curriculum in Germany and Spain with Turkey, aiming at capturing and describing common patterns accross a variety of cases. The results show that with the latest revisions in Turkey’s curriculum, the curriculum in three countries are similar to one another in terms of design, main philosophy, content, assessment and evaluation approach, as well as the language teaching approach. This paper concludes that the structural differences depending on the language family could be one of the reasons behind Turkey’s situation in FLT.
 
Keywords: Comparative education, curriculum, foreign language teaching, primary education, cross-country.
MODELISASI KURSI DENGAN PENGGABUNGAN HASIL DEFORMASI BENDA-BENDA RUANG MENGGUNAKAN KURVA BEZIER
Authors: Nadzira Annisa Ayu , Juliyanto Bagus , Kamsyakawuni Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Chairs are needed by humans to do some work, especially students and office workers. The parts contained in the chair are the chair legs, chair legs eats and chair backs. The purpose of this study is to obtain variations in the shape of office chairs using Bezier curves and incorporate the results of deformation of space geometric objects. In modeling this chair, it is divided into several stages, namely first, building the chair leg components. This chair leg component consists of chair wheels, connecting two wheels with tube deformation, modeling the chair leg branch components and modeling chair leg supports. Second, namely the model of the chair leg seat. Chair leg seat consists of regular hexagon prism deformation and regular quadrangle prism deformation. The third is the modelization of the back of the chair by using a rectangular prism model. The result of combining several components of the chair using one modeling axis produces 36 chair models, with special provisions, namely that the seat support parts can only be joined using a tube.
MODELISASI KOTAK TISU DENGAN PENGGABUNGAN KURVA BEZIER, KURVA HERMIT DAN HASIL DEFORMASI BENDA GEOMETRI
Authors: Safitri Dian , Juliyanto Bagus , Ubaidillah Firdaus
Published: October 2021

The tissue box is a place to store tissues to make them look neat and protect the tissues from dirt and dust. Tissue boxes are often used in households, restaurants and also as room decorations. Therefore, the shapes of tissue boxes that are being developed are increasingly varied according to consumer interests. The tissue box consists of three main parts, namely the cover, body and base of the box. This research was carried out by developing variations in the shape of the tissue box components using the Bezier curve, the Hermit curve and the results of the deformation of geometric objects. The deformation techniques used are rotation, dilation, and curve interpolation. Tissue box modeling processes are divided into four stages. The first, modeling the tissue box by dividing into three models, namely model A, model B and model C. The second, determining the size of the tissue box components based on the model. The third, modeling tissue box components. Finally, visualizing the results of the tissue box model by combining the components so that a variety of tissue box models are produced.