bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕЖИМОВ РАБОТЫ МАГИСТРАЛЬНОГО НЕФТЕПРОВОДА В СИСТЕМЕ MATHCAD
Authors: В. В. Рындин  , А. Н. Шахаев  , Р. М. Шокан  , А. Яновский  , Ю. П. Макушев
Published: October 2021

В статье приведена программа расчёта магистрального нефтепровода в системе Mathcad, позволяющая исследовать влияние числа насосов на работоспособность системы, а также выбрать рациональные режимы при циклической перекачке для получения плановой пропускной способности трубопровода. Программа позволяет автоматически строить QH-характеристики трубопроводов и перекачивающих станций, определять положение станций в точках пересечения линий напоров от каждой насосной станции с линией сжатого профиля. Даётся компактная запись (одна строка) расчёта рабочей точки для произвольного числа работающих насосов путём использования программного блока Given-Find. Всё это, наряду с наглядностью записи математических выражений и простотой построения графиков, даёт основание рекомендовать данную программу для использования как в учебном процессе при написании дипломов и магистерских диссертаций, так и в проектных организациях при проектировании и исследовании режимов работы нефтепроводов. Данная программа может быть также использована для отладки более сложных программ, выполняемых с использованием менее наглядных языков программирования.
VIBRATION AND CAVITATION EFFECTS ON THE COOLING SYSTEM IN ICE DUE TO PISTON-CYLINDER DESIGN
Authors: A. W. Dahham
Published: October 2021

The problem of possible pitting and cavitation in internal combustion engines is receiving considerable attention. Both theoretical and simulation studies are carried out in order to understand the noise and vibration sources, using a force equation. A foundation is also laid to study cavitation and find possible ways of increasing the life of the engine components. Some important results have been shown with negative pressures leading to the fact that the developed models predict the presence of cavitation in the cylinder liner surface, stressing the importance of improving the piston and cylinder liner design.
Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic in the Drinking Water of Upper Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Shar N. U. H. , Shar G. Q. , Shar A. R. , Wassan S. M. , Bhatti Z. Q. , Ali A.
Published: October 2021

Water is a valuable compound for plants, animals, and humans. Various contaminating agents pollute it, with arsenic being one of them. Measurements of arsenic in potable water in Upper Sindh were conducted during this study. The samples were prepared by microwave-assisted digestion and analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. A total of 240 potable water samples were collected from 8 Talukas of Upper Sindh. DMS coordinates were also recorded with the help of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The highest arsenic content of 50µg/L was observed in Garhi Khairo Taluka. The average arsenic content in water samples of all of the Talukas, except Miro Khan, was found higher than the WHO permissible limit. The 69.2% of samples were found to be contaminated by arsenic. Therefore, the water of the studied area is concluded to be in poor condition for cooking and drinking.
A Study of State Parameters for Road Construction of MSWI Bottom Ash
Authors: Nguyen T. K. V. , Doan T. T. H. , Cao T. H. , Pham H. S.
Published: October 2021

The current work tries to valorize the bottom ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI). The bottom ash from waste incineration consists of atypical granular materials. They are industrial by-products resulting from the incineration of domestic waste and the way of the considered valorization is road gravel. In this paper, we present the state parameters of bottom ash taken from a recycling company in the North of France. These features can help us evaluate our bottom ash according to the technical guide of realization of embankments and subgrades.
Planning, Analysing and Designing A (G+1) Bank Building
Authors: Nattuthurai N. , Anand T.
Published: October 2021

The primary goal of this project is to develop adequate knowledge of building planning, analysis and design. The Business building plan is drafted using Auto CAD by considering the norms of NBC (National Building Code). The structure is analyzed using STAADPro. Based on the analysis and results the structural members are designed. The structural elements in the building is strong and able to withstand the adverse effects of natural agencies. The locker room is secured with strong walls compared to the other walls for safety purpose. The building planned is based on National Building Code of India. The bank building has proper ventilation, it is given with sufficient doors, windows,water supply and electrification.
More than half of opioids prescribed to pediatric patients after ambulatory knee surgery are unused
Authors: Wendel, MD Pamela , DeMeo, BS Danya , Heath, BS Madison R. , Mackie, BA, PB-BS Alexandra T. , Zhong, MPA Haoyan , DelPizzo, MD Kathryn , Kumar, MD Kanupriya , Fabricant, MD, MPH Peter D.
Published: October 2021

Objective: To determine the number of opioid pills remaining after pediatric ambulatory knee surgery to provide insight into how many pills are actually used. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Participants who were expected to be prescribed 20 (Group 1) versus 40 (Group 2) opioid pills according to the institutional policy (based on the type of surgery) were studied. Patient’s reported pain, medication use, and number of opioid pills remaining at postoperative days (PODs) 7 and 14. Participants were not randomly assigned to groups and no intervention was applied.Setting: An urban tertiary care musculoskeletal institution.Participants: Sixty adolescents between the ages of 12 and 19 undergoing ambulatory knee surgery.Interventions: Observational study, no experimental study intervention.Main outcome measure: The total number of opioid pills remaining.Results: By POD7, more than 70 percent of patients had stopped taking their prescribed opioid medication mainly because their knee pain was tolerable either without the opioid or by using other medications. By POD14, the mean number of pills taken was 6.3 ± 5.3 for Group 1 and 18.4 ± 13.9 for Group 2. The mean number of unused opioids was 13.5 ± 7.2 for Group 1 and 17.9 ± 13.7 for Group 2. Conclusions: Even with prescribing practice guidelines in place, opioids may be overprescribed and could be given in a smaller quantity without affecting the quality of acute postoperative pain control in adolescents undergoing ambulatory knee surgery. However, one needs to consider that some patients may need a larger than average amount in order to be appropriately treated for their level of pain and thus prescription amounts—preferably after reevaluation—should be individualized.
A survey assessment of clinician perceptions of opioid supply and monitoring requirement policy changes
Authors: Goodin, PhD, MPP Amie , Hincapie-Castillo, PharmD, MS, PhD Juan M. , Brown, PharmD, PhD Joshua D. , Roussos-Ross, MD Dikea
Published: October 2021

Objective: Florida-mandated Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) use and restricted Schedule II opioid dispensing for acute pain to 3-day supply in 2018. This study assessed physician perception of these policies.Design: A cross-sectional study design.Setting: Large academic medical center.Patients/participants: Physicians in inpatient and outpatient practice, as stratified by physician specialty for psychiatry or addiction medicine (Psych/AM), primary care, and others.Interventions: A survey was administered electronically from July to September 2019, with survey items adapted from published opioid policy evaluations.Main outcome measure: Assessment of physician reason for the use of PDMP and perception of PDMP clinical utility. Responses by specialty were compared via chi square testing.Results: There were N = 214 responses (response rate ~10.9 percent), representing n = 15 from Psych/AM, n = 58 primary care, and n = 143 from other specialties. The most frequently reported reason for PDMP use across specialties was to examine prescribing history for patients currently using opioid analgesics (6.7 percent Psych/AM; 50.1 percent primary care; 38.6 percent others; p = 0.027). Fewer Psych/AM physicians agreed that the policy hinders the clinical work day as compared with primary care physicians (46.7 percent vs. 58.6 percent). More primary care agreed the policy was a good idea relative to Psych/AM (62.1 percent vs. 53.3 percent). More primary care than Psych/AMs agreed that the policy made it more challenging for chronic pain patients to access opioid therapies (77.6 percent vs. 53.3 percent).Conclusions: The perceived workflow burden and unintended consequence of decreased chronic pain patient access to opioid pharmacotherapies suggest further opportunities for pharmacist–physician collaboration in managing affected patients.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEALTH LITERACY AMONG RURAL COMMUNITIES IN RANAU DISTRICT
Authors: Masuari Nadira , Abdul Karim Haryati
Published: October 2021

Health literacy is a vital skill that everyone should have in order to find, understand and use communication and health information to improve their health. It is a crucial thing in public health which should be given attention especially in rural communities as the lack of literacy knowledge may the cause of poor health conditions. The aim of this study is to map the level of health literacy among rural communities in Ranau district. The objective of this study is to identify the distribution pattern of health literacy. Therefore, spatial analysis methods were applied to analysis data. The data were collected through questionnaires integrated into the Geographic Information System (GIS) database as an attributes data. Then, spatial analysis was conducted to identify the distribution of the health literacy. Subsequently, the study was able to visualize the geographical distributions of health literacy level data in a form of a map. The result shows that people who lived in rural areas with limited access to health information and lack of health facilities are more likely to have low health literacy compare to those lived in areas with unlimited access to health information and good health services. Hence, this study provides the data to the Public Health Department and Health Promotion division, so they could take necessary measures with reference to the high-risk areas. This information could effectively be used in communicating with, and as well as educating the public on awareness, prevention, and better healthcare to enhance the quality of life among communities, mainly in rural areas.
Supporting English Language Learners in High-Stakes Literacy Testing
Authors: Asuncion Maria , Mamolo Ami
Published: October 2021

In Ontario, a mandatory high-stakes standardized literacy test called the OSSLT is administered in the tenth grade. With notable failure rates and acknowledged test anxiety, students are in need of better test preparatory methods. In this article, we examine some of the challenges and analyze ways that online multimedia learning tools can be designed in order to support diverse student needs. The online tool developed in this study features learning principles and practices based on research in literacy testing and online education. Our discussion contributes new ideas and future directions for task designers and online test preparatory tools.
When Competency is not Enough: The Case for Digital Agency
Authors: Hunter Bill , Costello Sinead
Published: October 2021

This piece comments on an article that proposes a new term for describing people's comfort and skill levels in working with technology: digital agency.
Editorial: Renewal and Reinvigoration
Authors: Hunter Bill
Published: October 2021

This editorial explains how JEI is a Phoenix rising, welcomes readers and future authors and describes the content of the issue.
The Diversity Challenge in Higher Education
Authors: McGregor Adam
Published: October 2021

This commentary focuses on considering the work of Michalski et al in the context of Ontario Colleges.
Leadership competences of professional nurses in the eThekwini health district during the first year of registration with the South African Nursing Council
Authors:   , Solwandle Nomawonga Corona
Published: October 2021

This qualitative research study was conducted to explore and describe leadership competencies of the newly registered professional (NRP) nurses during the first year of registration with the South African Nursing Council (SANC) in selected provincial hospitals in the eThekwini health district. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study methodology was used. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data; open- ended questions provided participants with an opportunity to provide rich and detailed information about selected experiences as qualified professional nurses. The main objective of the study was to build on prior work in order to explore and describe selected leadership competencies of the NRP nurses, particularly those related to inability to manage conflict, uncertainty and fear of having to delegate, and observing unethical practice. Benner’s model of Novice to Expert nurse was used as the organising framework. The purposive sample comprised eight R425 trained professional nurses in their first year of registration with the SANC, who were working in the selected regional hospitals of eThekwini health district. All participants had completed one year of practice and reported believing that they were at Stage 3: Competent of Benner’s Stages of Clinical Competence model – from Novice to Expert. Six themes emerged, namely: support; uncertainty and fear of having to delegate; competence; transition to professional nurse; observed unethical practices; fear of victimisation; and difficult relationships. From the above stated themes fifteen sub-themes emerged. The results found that nurses are continuing to transition into Benner’s Stage 5: which requires continued support and integration as they evolve in their roles as professional nurses.
The effectiveness of an electromechanical adjusting instrumental compared to cervical spine manipulation in the treatment of cervicogenic headaches
Authors:   , Whittaker Russell
Published: October 2021

Background: Cervicogenic headaches are usually chronic, debilitating and tend to be unresponsive to common headache medications. Manual therapy has been shown to be an effective form of management for cervicogenic headache. The Electromechanical Adjusting Instrument is a hand-held device offered as an alternative to manual therapy for musculoskeletal treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Electromechanical Adjusting Instrument compared to cervical spine manipulation in terms of subjective and objective measures in the treatment of cervicogenic headache. Methodology: This study was a randomised single-blinded clinical trial. There were 41 participants between the ages of 18 and 59 years who were randomly divided into two groups of 21 and 20 respectively by means of a randomisation table drawn up by the statistician. Participants in Group A received cervical spine manipulation while those in Group B received the Electromechanical Adjusting Instrument. Subjective headache intensity was determined using a Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The effect of neck pain on the participants’ activities of daily living before and after treatment was assessed using the Neck Disability Index. The effect of the headache on the participants’ activities of daily living before and after treatment was assessed using the Headache Disability Index. Objective cervical range of motion in all six planes of motion was assessed using a CROM goniometer. Participants in both groups received six interventions over a three-week period with a minimum interval of 48 hours between each intervention. The subjective and objectives assessments were taken at baseline, post-third and post-sixth interventions. The data was analysed using the IBM SPSS version 24.0. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine the effect on each outcome measure separately of time and treatment group interaction. Profile plots were generated to show the rates of changes in outcomes over time by the intervention group. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: For most of the outcomes, there was no clinical or statistical interaction present, i.e. the intervention effect was similar in both groups irrespective of the intervention. Conclusion: The trends in each of the outcomes suggest that the Electromechanical Adjusting Instrument is as effective as cervical spine manipulation for the treatment of cervicogenic headache
Sea ice concentration impacts dissolved organic gases in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Wohl Charel , Jones Anna E. , Sturges William T. , Nightingale Philip D. , Else Brent , Butterworth Brian J. , Yang Mingxi
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The marginal sea ice zone has been identified as a source of different climate active gases to the atmosphere due to its unique biogeochemistry. However, it remains highly undersampled and the impact of changes in sea ice concentration on the distributions of these gases is poorly understood. To address this, we present measurements of dissolved methanol, acetone, acetaldehyde, dimethyl sulfide and isoprene in the sea ice zone of the Canadian Arctic from the surface down to 60 m. The measurements were made using a Segmented Flow Coil Equilibrator coupled to a Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer. These gases varied in concentrations with depth, with the highest concentrations generally observed near the surface. Underway (3–4 m) measurements showed broadly higher concentrations in partial sea ice cover compared to ice-free waters. The large number of depth profiles at different sea ice coverages enables proposition of the likely dominant production processes of these compounds in this area. Methanol concentrations appear to be controlled by specific biological consumption processes. Acetone and acetaldehyde concentrations are influenced by the penetration depth of light and the mixed layer depth, implying dominant photochemical sources in this area. Dimethyl sulfide and isoprene both display higher surface concentrations in partial sea ice coverage compared to ice-free waters due to ice edge blooms. Dimethyl sulfide concentrations sometimes display a subsurface maximum in ice -free conditions, while isoprene displays more reliably a subsurface maximum. Surface gas concentrations were used to estimate their air – sea fluxes. Despite obvious in situ production, we estimate that the sea ice zone is absorbing methanol and acetone from the atmosphere. In contrast, DMS and isoprene are consistently emitted from the ocean, with marked episodes of high emissions during ice-free conditions, suggesting that these gases are produced in ice-covered areas and emitted once the ice has melted. Our measurements show that the seawater concentrations and air-sea fluxes of these gases are clearly impacted by sea ice concentration. These novel measurements and insights will allow us to better constrain the cycling of these gases in the polar regions and their effect on the oxidative capacity and aerosol budget in the Arctic atmosphere.
The Use of Topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke) Concentrate
in the Curd Production
Authors: Chatinyan N.R. , Minasyan K.Zh. , Matevosyan A.E. , Gevorgyan S.H.
Published: October 2021

Curd production technology upon the use of topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke) tuber has been developed. For the curd production, hydrolyzed concentrate obtained from the tuber of Jerusalem artichoke has been used in the form of herbal supplement. New food product exceeds the traditional one in its biological values due to enrichment with carbohydrates, vitamins, nonessential and essential amino acids. The optimal dose of introducing the hydrolyzed concentrate has been also determined.
The use of hydrolyzed concentrate of Jerusalem artichoke solution reduces the
coagulation duration of milk mixture and increases the product yield; at the
same time it saturates the product with inulin.
A COMPARISON OF MOTIVATION LEVEL OF POST GRADUATE STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF SINDH JAMSHORO
Authors: Jamali Muhammad Bachal , Ram Nanik , Shaikh Khalid Hussain , M. Shaikh Faiz
Published: October 2021

This research investigates the A Comparison of Motivation Level of Post Graduate Students in Different Departments at University of Sindh Jamshoro. Data were collected The population consisted of all student teachers at post graduate level in the Institute of Education and Research, University of Sindh-Jamshoro Pakistan. Random sampling technique was used to select sample of the study. Sample of this study comprises of both male and female student teachers of the various departments of University of Sindh-Jamshoro. Departments included in the sample were also selected randomly. The data was collected from 160 morning and evening students of Masters in Educational Research and Assessment (MERA), Masters in Education (M.Ed.), Masters in Science Education (MS.Ed. ), and Masters in Technology Education (MTE) programs. It was revealed that Mostly students are motivated because teaching provides them an opportunity to impart knowledge and to be a positive role model for children. It also offers an opportunity for career development and can easily lead a teacher to other careers too. Some people are motivated because they think teaching is a good job for them as it gives an immediate feed back about the effectiveness of performance.
The story of structural adjustment programme in nigeria from the perspective of the organized labour
Authors: nwabugo Nwagbara, eucharia
Published: October 2021

The process of achieving the set objectives of structural adjustment programme (SAP) produced adverse social effects that put to question the sincerity of purpose of the SAP policy designers and implementers. To be able to generate conclusions concerning how the politics of enhancing the “well-being” of the people via SAP played out in the Nigerian society, in terms of how well the programme served the intended purpose, questions have to be asked, and responses elicited. Earlier attempts at appraising the SAP were geared toward examining the successes or failures of the adjusting countries in implementing the policies. Such appraisal gave rise to concern on the issue of good governance as a necessary and inevitable prerequisite of effective economic reform. At the same time, not much effort was made at ascertaining the social fallouts of the entire reform process. Even when the outburst of public outcry within the adjusting countries necessitated the recognition of the importance of the social dimension of SAP, little effort was made at understanding the problem from the perspective of the aggrieved populace. What we see is a proliferation of World Bank sponsored studies on the issue that hardly take cognizance of the people’s feelings. Thus the findings of such studies cannot be said to be representative of the views of all the stakeholders. This paper attempts to fill this gap by examining organized labour’s/interest groups’ response to SAP from the lens of the public sector workers and why they reacted the way they did toward the entire process. A sample of 357 respondents was randomly selected from university teachers, students and other public servants within Calabar metropolis. The findings, which were described in simple percentages, show significant relationship between economic hardship, repressive attitude of government, political uncertainty and interest groups’ protests against SAP. The author recommends the provision of adequate safety nets whenever stringent policies are to be introduced so as to cushion the adverse effect on the people; utilization of the collective bargaining tool by the parties in industrial relations as well as the implementation of SAP with ‘a human face’, among others.
A STUDY ON THE SUCCESSION MODEL OF FAMILY BUSINESSS
Authors: Chang Hung-Jung , Lin Szu-Ju
Published: October 2021

Family business has to face issues such as ownership issue, governance structure issue and succession issue, etc. in enterprise development history. Among them, the succession issue is an important transition point in enterprise’s survival and development. It is thus thought of as one of the most important strategic and decision making issues in the enterprise. This article aims at investigating the succession model of Family business. First, reviews are done on the meaning of Family business. Next, reviews and comments are made on the related models of the succession of Family business. It can be seen from the research that the ways of succession of Family business can be divided into process point of view and psychological point of view. Finally, main conclusions of this article are summarized and perspectives are also made on the future researches.
EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A SURVEY OF SELECTED SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISES IN IKOSI-KETU COUNCIL DEVELOPMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: C. Obiwuru Timothy , T. Okwu, Andy , O. Akpa, Victoria , A. Nwankwere, Idowu
Published: October 2021

This study has investigated the effects of leadership style on organizational performance in small scale enterprises. The major objective was to determine effect of leadership styles on performance in small scale enterprises. Transformational and transactional leadership styles were considered in this study. Transformational leadership behaviours and performance/outcome considered relevant in the study were charisma, inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation/individual consideration; and effectiveness, extra effort and satisfaction, respectively. Transactional leadership bahaviours and performance/outcome variables were constructive/contingent reward and corrective/management by exception; and effort, productivity and loyalty/commitment, respectively. The study followed a survey design, and employed evaluative quantitative analysis method. Analysis was based on primary data generated through a structured Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) administered on respondents. Responses to research statements were scaled and converted to quantitative data via code manual developed for the study to enable segmentation of the data responses into dependent and independent variables based on leadership behaviours and associated performance variables. OLS multiple regression models were specified, estimated and evaluated. The result showed that while transactional leadership style had significant positive effect on performance, transformational leadership style had positive but insignificant effect on performance. The study concluded that transactional leadership style was more appropriate in inducing performance in small scale enterprises than transformational leadership style and, therefore, recommended transactional leadership style for the small enterprises with inbuilt strategies for transition to transformational leadership style as the enterprises developed, grew and matured.
STUDYING THE EFFECT OF BRAND LOYALTY ON CUSTOMER SERVICE IN KERMAN ASIA INSURANCE COMPANY
Authors: Jandaghi Gholamreza , Mehranjani Razieh Nafari , Seresht Mahdi Nik , Mokhles Ali
Published: October 2021

Despite of remarkable interests in the nature and role of marketing application from servicing perspective, there are limited researches on service branding. By describing four major aspects of service branding, present study studies these aspects and their impacts on service conceived quality and finally it investigates the impact of service conceived quality on customer loyalty. Represented model includes the impact of brand traditional image along with other three impacts, that is, company image, employees’ confidence and company’s confidence. By using a 104-subject sample of Asia Insurance Company’s customers, the analyses show that brand image and company’s image have direct and positive impact on service conceived quality while a significant relationship is not seen between company’ confidence and employees’ confidence with service quality. Finally, the aspects of service brand impacts indirectly on customers’ loyalty via impacting on service conceived quality.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND BRAILLE LITERACY TO EDUCATE STUDENTS HAVING VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Bano Ismat , Naqvi Syed Abir Hassan , Hashmi Muhammad Aamir , Raza Shaoukat Ali , Shaikh Faiz.M.
Published: October 2021

This research investigates the comparative analysis of computer software and Braille literacy to educate students having visual impairment. The main objective of this research focus on compare the feasibility and usage of Braille literacy and computer software to educate children with visual impairment. Main objectives of the study were to identify the importance of Braille and Computer literacy by the perceptions of male and female students with visual impairment, to identify the importance of the Braille and Computer literacy in different classes of students with visual impairment and to identify the difference of Braille and Computer literacy importance in different schools of students with visual impairment. Five special education institutions were selected where students with visual impairment were studying. A convenient sample of 100 students was taken from these schools. A three point rating scale was used as research instrument. Researchers personally collected data from the respondents. Data was analyzed through SPSS. Major findings showed that students were more interested in Braille system than computer software. Braille system and required material was resent in all the schools while computer teachers with required experience were not available in these institutions. Teachers were found expert in Braille literacy as compare to the computer software- It was recommended that proper awareness about most recent technologies were necessary for teachers in special education institutions. Students as well as teachers should be provided chances of hands on practice to create interest in computer software use in special education.
PROBLEMS FACED BY THE POULTRY INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Jamali Muhammad Bachal , Soomro Hassan Jawad , Halepoto Ali Hassan , Hashmi Muhammad Amir , Shaikh Faiz.M.
Published: October 2021

This research investigates the problems faced by the poultry industry in Pakistan. Data were collected from 1000 respondents by using simple random techniques. A structured questionnaire was developed for the reliability and validity of data. It was revealed that The parent stock layer is increasing at rate of 120% every year, in some years like 2004, 2006, 2009, and 2010 where growth is almost 200%. On the contrary, a consistent growth rate of 135% is seen in case of broiler parent stock. The average growth rate in case of layer day old chick per week is 140% except in 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2010. It was further revealed that Government authority should take the overall responsibility to make effective human resources through co-ordination of various agencies. This agency should monitor the coordinator matter, effective HR planning and coordination is equally significant for the private and public sector in Pakistan. Especially education infrastructure should be updated based on need. In Pakistan, there is lack of poultry training institutions; it should be more than that otherwise unskilled labor will never be able to meet up the future demand of protein through poultry sector.
PATTERNS OF KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVER – An FDI perspective
Authors: Lee Sheng-Hsien
Published: October 2021

It is well understood that knowledge spillover is an important economic phenomenon. Literature shows a long-lasting academic interest in explaining the benefits of knowledge spillovers to business performance both in a domestic and an international setting. However, little has been said about the patterns of knowledge spillovers, especially in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) setting. Globalization and information technology have generated new arenas of knowledge spillovers. This exploratory paper addresses this issue by synthesizing past findings, developing a multi-dimensional model and three propositions for further empirical testing.
MILITARY SITE’S CONVERSION MANAGEMENT PROCESS AND FIRM’S COMPETITIVENESS: ENTREPRENEURIAL EVIDENCES
Authors: Basile Alessandro
Published: October 2021

The main goal of this study is to propose a decision-making approach to explore the relationship between military air bases’s conversion processes and firm’s competitiveness. During the past four decades the conversion of Defense air bases to new civilian uses played a central role in determining social and economic regional competitiveness, demonstrating that the management process have impacts on urban assets, agglomeration economies, urban infrastructures, labor and cost factors, development policies. Also Competitiveness, mainly that of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), has constituted a very interesting research field over the past 20 years. Nevertheless the relevant impact on firm’s strategy and performance, few researchers in strategic management and governance have investigated the effectiveness of site’s conversion process to increasing firms competitiveness. The paper shows how the conversion processes on an integrated services area can create business opportunity, can facilitate entry in new markets, facilitate new innovation processes, facilitate new management, control and commercial services, increases business linkages and agreements for local firms (Business Networking). The study presents the case of conversion process of ex Nato Base of Comiso (Sicily), important military site in regional area characterized by high entrepreneurial development. Eempirical evidence of the case study consists of a European benchmarking conversion bases and of a survey of 48 local firms. Finally the study presents valuable conversion projects and strategic perspectives for managers, entrepreneurs and policy-makers.
THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ORGANISATIONAL DECISION MAKING, COMMITMENT AND PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA
Authors: Ebarefimia Udegbe, Scholastica , Inedegbor Udegbe, Maurice , Ahmed Ogundipe Kehinde , Ganiyat Akintola Omobola , Rashdidat Kareem,
Published: October 2021

This study explored the moderating role of organizational decision-making and sense of commitment, on business outcomes of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Nigeria. Extant literature suggests that the relationship between specific organizational decision making and business outcomes should vary across different environments. Proponents of the decision-making perspective have posited that decisions must be well co-ordinate, and executed with a sense of commitment for a company to be market-driven or customer-oriented. Specifically, it is anticipated that the relationship between organizational decision-making and business outcomes are likely to be greater when the organization is market-driven or customer-oriented. Therefore, the intensification of research on this has led to the current survey study to examine the relationship among organizational decision making, sense of commitment and performance. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained with the aid of questionnaire, while the secondary data were obtained from literature. 7 copies of the questionnaire were administered in each of the MNCs that served as sample. The respondents were selected based on convenience sampling method. The selected 100 MNCs were stratified into categories of services, manufacturing and others. Out of the total sample of 700, a total of 600 useable questionnaires were returned representing a response rate of 86%.The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and t – test analysis. The research instrument showed high reliability and validity. Two hypotheses were developed and tested. Two major findings resulted from the study. The first is that there is a positive relationship between market-driven or customer-oriented organizational decision-making and business outcomes. The second is that there is a significant relationship between organizational sense of commitment and performance.
HUMAN RESOURCE DIVERSITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL OUTCOMES: MANAGING DIFFERENCES OR ORGANIZATONAL CULTURE
Authors: IDOWU OLUWATOYIN FREDERICK
Published: October 2021

The study is an attempt at developing an approach for studying the effects of human resource diversity (HRD) on organization outcomes (OOs) approaching it from the perspective of organization culture typology. Literature reviewed revealed that recent studies on the relationships between HRD and OOs produced either inconclusive or conflicting results. Both negative and positive outcomes have been associated with organization that is highly diverse. The discrepancies could have originated from lack of models or theory to guide the studies. The paper construct a model by which organization culture typology can be correlated with organization outcomes specifics in organizations that have more and more diverse human resources.
MARKETING MIX AND THE PROVISION OF ACCOUNTING SERVICES IN NIGERIA
Authors: EBIMOBOWEI APPAH , EKANKUMO BANABO
Published: October 2021

This study examines marketing mix and the provision of accounting services in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. To achieve this objective, data was collected from primary and secondary sources. The secondary sources were from scholarly books and journals while the primary source involved a well structured questionnaire of three sections of sixty five items with an average reliability of 0.84. The data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed using relevant diagnostics tests and multiple regression models. The result revealed that marketing mix variables were positively correlated (0.05) to the provision of accounting services by professional accounting firms. Hence, the paper concludes that the application of relevant marketing mix variables of price, place, promotion and product contributes to the provision of accounting services. Relevant recommendations were provided that would enhance the marketing skills of professional accountants for efficient and effective service delivery to their clients were made. These includes; professional accountants need to expand their knowledge of marketing management; the syllabus of accounting programmes for professional and tertiary institutions should be reviewed to include courses in marketing management to enable students obtain knowledge of marketing; relevant professional accountancy bodies in Nigeria should also include marketing management as part of their training programmes.
Tattoo art imitates life
Authors:   Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Massachusetts General Hospital, Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA, Keith David A , Klein Katherine P ,   Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital Dental Group, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
Published: October 2021

Body art has been part of our culture for centuries and has been used for decorative and symbolic reasons. Less common is the representation of the patient’s own anatomy or surgical procedures. Two recent patients have presented with this phenomenon. Keywords: Tattoo; Jaws.
Unilateral absence of ovary and fallopian tube
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, Wang Dan-Dan , Zhang Ning-Ning ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, Yang Qing ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, Wang Jiao ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
Published: October 2021

A 19-year-old young woman was admitted to our Unit for irregular menstrual cycles within 40- to 60-day intervals for 7 months. She had no history of abdomino-pelvic surgery or acute pelvic pain. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right ovarian mass (Figure1A & B), measuring 6.0 cm X 5.1 cm X 5.0 cm. The patient underwent laparoscopy. At the laparoscopic examination, we evidenced a right ovarian teratoma about 6.0 cm X 6.0 cm and a small mesosalpinx cyst about 2.5 cm X 2.0 cm on the right fallopian tube (Figure 2A). On the left, neither fallopian tube nor ovary was detected (Figure 2B). We performed laparoscopic cystectomy and sutured residual ovarian tissues for hemostasis. Subsequent urinary ultrasonography demonstrated a normal urinary tract without any congenital anomaly. The pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of mature teratoma and right mesosalpinx serous cyst. The patient was successfully discharged at the third day with no complications.
Renal tubular injury as an uncommon presentation of Wilson’s disease
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel, Mudrik-Zohar Hadar , Cohen-Hagai Keren ,   Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel, Alon Danny ,   Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Published: October 2021

Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutant ATP7B gene on chromosome 13. This mutation causes a reduction in hepatic copper excretion, which accumulates in hepatocytes and deposits in other tissues and organs (brain, cornea, kidney, etc.) as the disease progresses. Wilson's disease was described worldwide, with estimated prevalence of one case per 30,000 live births. Age of presentation is usually 4-60 years; however, the disease may present at any age. Clinical manifestations are predominantly hepatic, neurologic and psychiatric. Renal involvement is less common and characterized by proximal tubular dysfunction, Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) decline, renal tubular acidosis, aminoaciduria and nephrolithiasis. Herein, we aimed to report a case which describes an uncommon path to the diagnosis of this rare, yet well-known disease. The diagnosis resulted from an investigation of acute kidney injury in a 48-year-old man. Keywords: Wilson’s disease; Acute kidney injury; Renal tubular injury.
The Cuban Question and the Ignorant American: Empire's Tropes and Jokes in Yankee Notions
Authors: Sillin Sarah
Published: October 2021

By reading antebellum-era jokes about Cuba in conversation with Judith Yaross Lee's argument that imperialism has persistently shaped American humor, this essay considers how US humorists located pleasure in the nation's fraught foreign relations. Examining a variety of comics, anecdotes, and malapropisms from Yankee Notions demonstrates how this popular, long-running magazine mocked US Americans’ efforts to assert their cosmopolitan knowledge of Cuba while nonetheless naturalizing US global power. Together, such jokes participated in a larger cultural project that shaped late nineteenth-century images of Cuba in a way that was designed to generate support for the idea of US intervention. More broadly, the magazine demonstrates how jokes about ignorance and knowingness became a way to justify US imperialism and resist foreign power.
“I Wonder Which of You is Real”
Authors: Orr Stanley
Published: October 2021

In response to Judith Yaross Lee's introduction of a framework designed to probe the relationship between empire and American humor, this article analyzes John Kneubuhl's “The Night of the Two-Legged Buffalo,” a 1966 episode of The Wild Wild West (1965-69). Kneubuhl (1920-92) was a Samoan American playwright who wrote for theater, television, and film. Like Mark Twain, he demonstrated a lifelong interest in the trope of the confidence man. In “The Night of the Two-Legged Buffalo” he depicts protagonists and antagonists alike in the US borderlands as con artists contending for power. While agents Jim West and Artemus Gordon emerge as cultural impersonators who serve the ideology of Manifest Destiny, the Prince of the South Sea Coral Islands, a Polynesian aristocrat, deploys American hegemony in Oceania. Kneubuhl draws on conventions of the fale aitu, a Samoan theatrical genre, as well as his association with Sam Amalu, a Native Hawaiian humorist and con man known for his elaborate pranks and swindles. As a site of contest between what Lee terms “neocolonial hybridity” and “postcolonial discontinuity,” “The Night of the Two-Legged Buffalo” exemplifies Kneubuhl's unique trickster aesthetics.
Dentists’ preference for Vital and Non-vital Tooth Bleaching Material in Teaching Institutions of Multan
Authors: Bukhari Jaffar Hussain , Ahmed Mohammad Rauf , Zafar Rabia , Parveen Naghma , Chaudhry Sana , Gul Hafsa
Published: October 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was three fold; to investigate the preference of dentists regarding the technique for vital and non-vital tooth bleaching, to find out the materials used for vital and non-vital tooth bleaching and to evaluate the influence of post-graduate training, working place and clinical experience on techniques and material used. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out using a questionnaire with dentists working in three teaching institutes of Multan, Nishtar Institute of Dentistry (NID), Bakhtawar Amin Medical & Dental College (BAMDC) and Multan Medical & Dental College (MMDC). A total of 170 questionnaires were distributed and 154 recovered, at a response rate of 90.5%. Information about post-graduate training, working place and clinical experience was obtained. The information regarding technique and material used for vital and non-vital tooth bleaching was also collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 and frequencies and percentages were calculated along with association between the treatment options and other variables. Results: Majority of the dentists 81.8% and 75.3% preferred in-office technique for vital and non-vital tooth bleaching respectively. For vital tooth bleaching, 31.8% selected HP 6% and 28.4% opted CP10-22%. For non-vital tooth bleaching, 34.8% selected SP mixed with water/HP and 26.6% opted HP37%. Conclusion: Clinical experience and working place significantly influenced the bleaching technique for vital teeth not for the non-vital. No significant influence of post-graduation, clinical experience and working place was found on material used for vital or non-vital bleaching. Key Words: Vital tooth bleaching, Non-vital tooth bleaching, Hydrogen peroxide, Carbamide peroxide, Sodium perborate