bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS AND OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF PRESS MACHINE IN LINE H AND HIRAC AT PT. XYZ
Authors: Gozali Lina , Daywin Frans Yusuf , Doaly Carla Olyvia
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKLine H pada PT. XYZ Press Production di perusahaan manufaktur otomotif menggunakan mesin press semi otomatis yang bekerja dua shift per hari. Oleh karena itu, mesin harus dijaga agar ketersediaan dan performanya tetap terjaga, serta kualitas dan kuantitas produksinya. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis departemen perawatan mesin dengan menggunakan Root Cause Analysis (RCA), Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), dan HIRAC. Dalam penelitian ini RCA digunakan sebagai alat analisis atau metode pemecahan masalah untuk mengidentifikasi akar penyebab dari kesalahan atau masalah. Dari hasil analisis, PT. XYZ menggunakan lembar catatan penghentian jalur sebagai alat untuk mengidentifikasi akar penyebab penghentian jalur yang terjadi di setiap jalur produksi. Lini produksi kritis adalah Line H. Kemudian, ditentukan ketersediaan, kinerja, dan kualitas mulai bulan Agustus 2018 hingga Januari 2019 di Line H untuk mendapatkan OEE. Bulan Oktober 2018 memiliki Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) terendah di antara periode lainnya. Juga, kami menganalisis HIRAC pada PT. XYZ menggunakan WRAS (Work Risk Assessment Sheet). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan harus melakukan pemeliharaan preventif secara konsisten untuk mengurangi penghentian jalur di Line H. Kata kunci: Analisis Akar Penyebab; Efektivitas Peralatan Keseluruhan; HIRAC; perawatan mesin.ABSTRACT Line H at PT. XYZ Press Production in automotive manufacturing company used semi-automated press machines which work for two shift per day. Therefore, the machines should be maintained to keep the availability and performance of the machines, also to keep the quality and quantity of production. The aim of this paper is to analyze the machine maintenance department that are using Root Cause Analysis (RCA), Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), and HIRAC. In this research, RCA is used as an analysis tool or method of problem solving, used for identifying the root causes of faults or problems. From the analysis, PT. XYZ used line stop record sheet as the tool for identifying the root causes of line stops that happened in every production lines. The critical production line is Line H. Then, determined the availability, performance and quality start from August 2018 to January 2019 in Line H to get OEE. October 2018 has the lowest OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) among the other period. Also, we analyze HIRAC. PT. XYZ used WRAS (Work Risk Assessment Sheet). The results of data analysis show that the company should do the preventive maintenance consistently to reduce line stops in Line H
Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) in the Archaeological Chronicle of Ukraine
Authors:   The Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Heroiv Stalingrada 12 ave., 04210, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gorbanenko Sergiy
Published: December 2020

This article collects and organizes data on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) finds from archaeological sites in modern Ukraine. The first find comes from charred macro-residues discovered in the middle of the 20th century in the hillfort of Bilsk. Two more finds are represented by imprints on clay products. They were discovered as a result of a purposeful inspection of ceramics; these finds come from Scythian sites. The last find comes from an Ancient Rus site: a significant amount of charred material was found there. The territory of modern Ukraine is situated at the crossroads of Eurasian land routes and waterways. The findings presented are important for restoring the history of the appearance of the cocklebur in Europe.
Photodynamic action of chlorin e6 against methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus with the aid of ethanol
Authors: TOPALOĞLU AVŞAR Nermin , BAKAY Emel , KOLKIRAN Aziz
Published: December 2020

Aim: The random use of antimicrobials for years has led to bacterial DNA mutation and a result of that, bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is among these types of resistant bacteria that can easily infect when the immune system of the host is suppressed, and it significantly delays the wound healing. Different treatment methods are being investigated to overcome this problem. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is a candidate to become an alternative treatment for the destruction of MRSA. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chlorin e6 for the photoinactivation of MRSA and the synergetic role of ethanol in this mechanism.

Methods: 655 nm laser light and Chlorin e6 as photosensitizer were examined for the photoinactivation of MRSA. Besides, 20% ethanol was used to increase the total antimicrobial efficacy with lower light energy densities and photosensitizer concentrations. The colony counting method was used to determine viable bacterial cells after each application.

Results: 25 J/cm2 energy density with 20 μM Chlorin e6 and 50 J/cm2 energy density with 10 μM Chlorin e6 showed the highest bactericidal activity. When 20% ethanol was used as an adjuvant, 25 J/cm2 energy dose with 2 μM Chlorin e6 resulted in a better killing effect.

Conclusion: Chlorin e6-mediated photodynamic therapy was successful to destroy MRSA and the addition of ethanol provided the opportunity to obtain higher antibacterial activity with lower light intensities and photosensitizer concentrations.
The Features of the Circle of Willis and Cerebral Aneurysm in Patients with Cerebral Aneurysms through Films of Multi- slice Computed Tomography
Authors: Tuan Anh Nguyem , Van Ngoc Doan , Anh Tuan Tran , Van Sang Nguyen , Thi Minh Chau Nguyen
Published: December 2020

This paper studies the features of the circle of Willis and cerebral aneurysm in patients with cerebral aneurysms through films of Multi-slice Computed Tomography (MSCT) at the Department of Radiology, Bach Mai Hospital, from March 2017 to March 2018. The study results show that female/male ratio was 2.37: 1; the number of patients with only one aneurysm accounted for 90.68%; Saccular aneurysm was more common than lozenge-shaped aneurysm; the rate of aneurysm ruptures was 82.35%; the bulge was mainly distributed in the carotid artery (94.6%). The very small bulge (less than 3mm) and the small bulge (3-7mm) were most common and accounted for 33.33% and 49.62%, respectively. The variations of the circle of Willis were very diverse and complex, including 13 forms, four of which were the circle of Willis anterior part variants and nine transformations were the circle of Willis posterior variants. Abnormalities (aplasia, hypoplasia) of the anterior communicating arterial were 8.48% and abnormalities of the posterior communicating arterial were 82.6%. The paper concludes that the abnormal anatomical variations in the circle of Willis can facilitate the early diagnosis and treatment of cerebral aneurysm disease.

Keywords

Circle of Willis, cerebral aneurysm, MSCT.

References

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The extent of achieving the goals of civic education in the light of the concept of globalization in the curriculum of the civic and national education of high elementary schools from Aqaba teacher’s perspective
Authors: AL- Tarawneh Doha I. , AL-Safasfeh Jehan Hashim , Al.Edi Ekhlas M.
Published: December 2020

The study aimed at revealing the extent of achieving the goals of civic education in the light of the concept of globalizationin the curriculum of the civic and national education of high elementary schools from Aqaba teacher’s perspective.  The study population consists of all the teachers of the social studies in elementary schools at Aqaba Governorate for the year (2019-2020). It consists of 49 teachers distributed in 17 schools. The study tried to answer the following questions:

To what degree the goals of civic education in the light of the concept of globalization in the curriculum of the civic and national education from Aqaba teacher’s perspective can be achieved?

Are there any statistical difference in the teacher’s evaluations to achieve thecurriculum of the civic and national education based on gender and level of education?

The study tools were a test and a questioner that measures the teachers’ view of the extent of achieving the goals of civic education in the light of the concept of globalization. Therefore it was divided into two parts one pertaining the citizenship values and the other one pertaining the goals of globalization. The researcher got the arithmetic averages and the standard deviations for each paragraph and for each field of the study. The stability coefficients of the study were measured individually in addition to the questioner coefficient of stability as a whole which was (0.78). The globalization stability coefficient was (0.78) and the civic education was (0.896) all of which are high and accepted stability coefficients. The arithmetic averages and the standard deviations were measured for the two parts of the study. It was noticed that the civic education got the lowest arithmetic average (3.01) and a standard deviation (0.91). As for the second part namely the globalization that got the highest arithmetic average (3.29) and a standard deviation (1.16). The researcher believes that the awareness of civic education and the goals of globalization are very important and should be included in the curriculum. Both come in accordance with the study conclusion.
Gaya Bahasa Teras Berita Covid-19 pada Saluran Youtube CNN Indonesia
Authors: Yusandra Titiek fujita , Helda Trisna
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to describe the style of language on the terrace of news about Covid-19 as seen from the terrace / stylistic lead's writing style. A good news writer tries hard not to want to be too mechanistic. Rigid lead writing will feel tedious and unattractive. News that gives the possibility to treat as a feature are beautified, enlivened, even made like creative writings so that they are attractive to the audience. The approach used was descriptive qualitative. This research's data was the core/intro/lead of Covid-19 news that contains a stylistic style. Data obtained from the CNN Indonesia YouTube social media channel was present around the time of the research, namely starting from March to October. The data collection method used was the observation method with record and note techniques. Data were selected, classified, identified, and then described based on the stylistic lead theory. Nine stylistic terraces obtained from thirteen kinds of stylistic core used in disclosing Covid-19 news leads as the results of the study, namely: (1) punching leads, (2) descriptive leads, (3) contrast leads, (4) questioning leads, (5) quote leads, (6) cumulative curiosity leads, (7) sequential leads, (8) parody leads, and (9) greeting leads.
Kompetensi Kemahiran Berbahasa Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonsia Universitas Islam Riau
Authors: Sukenti Desi , Tambak Syahraini , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to analyze the literacy competencies of students' language proficiency in the aspects of listening, responding to the rules, reading and writing. Literacy competence is a competency that must be considered by educators in honing language proficiency which is an important issue, especially in the development of language skills in students. This research used a quantitative-descriptive method. The data obtained from this study were the results of the Indonesian language proficiency test (UKBI) of students in the Indonesian Language and Literature Education study program. The population used in this study were students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education study program, while the sample who had taken the UKBI test was 24 students. The results of this study indicated that the students' language proficiency literacy competence in the listening aspect obtains an average of 538, responds to the average rule of 464, reads an average of 519, and writes an average of 596. The overall average of language proficiency literacy competencies was 529. Twenty-five was in the middle-ranking, indicating that students have adequate proficiency in communicating using Indonesian, both oral and written. With these skills, the student concerned can understand factual information, properly capture and re-reveal information.
Stereoselective and Stereospecific Triflate Mediated Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction: Easy Access to Alkaloid Skeletons
Authors: Gnägi Lars , Arnold Remo , Giornal Florence , Jangra Harish , Kapat Ajoy , Nyfeler Erich , Zipse Hendrik , Schärer Robin Marc , Renaud Philippe
Published: December 2020

The stereoselectivity and stereospecificity of the triflate mediated intramolecular Schmidt reaction of substituted 3-(1-azidocyclohexyl)propanol derivatives leading to octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine, the structural skeleton of several important families of alkaloids such as the Stemona alkaloids, has been examined. The reaction involves an initial intramolecular SN2 reaction between the azide moiety and the triflate affording an intermediate spirocyclic aminodiazonoium salt that undergoes the expected 1,2-shift/N2-elimination followed by hydride mediated iminium salt reduction. Remarkably, chiral alcohols are converted to the azabicylic derivative with no or limited racemization. The initial asymmetric alcohol center controls the diastereoselectivity of the whole process leading to the formation of one out of the four possible diastereoisomers of disubstituted octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine. The origin of the stereoselectivity is rationalized based on theoretical calculations. The concise synthesis of (–)-(cis)-3-propylindolizidine and (–)-(cis)-3-butyllehmizidine, two alkaloids found in the venom of workers of the ant Myrmicaria melanogaster, is reported.
Spatiotemporal Control of Supramolecular Polymerization and Gelation of Metal-Organic Polyhedra
Authors: legrand alexandre , Liu Li-Hao , Royla Philipp , Aoyama Takuma , Craig Gavin , carne-sanchez arnau , Urayama Kenji , Weigand Jan J. , Lin Chia-Her , Furukawa Shuhei
Published: December 2020

In coordination-based supramolecular materials such as metallogels, simultaneous temporal and spatial control of their assembly remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate that the combination of light with acids as stimuli allows for the spatiotemporal control over the architectures, mechanical properties, and shape of porous soft materials based on metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs). First, we show that the formation of a colloidal gel network from a preformed kinetically trapped MOP solution can be triggered upon addition of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), and that acid concentration determines the reaction kinetics. As determined by time-resolved dynamic light scattering, UV-vis absorption and 1H NMR spectroscopies and rheology measurements, the consequences of the increase in acid concentration are (i) an increase in the cross-linking between MOPs; (ii) a growth in the size of the colloidal particles forming the gel network; (iii) an increase in the density of the colloidal network; and (iv) a decrease in the ductility and stiffness of the resulting gel. We then demonstrate that irradiation of a dispersed photoacid generator, pyranine, allows the spatiotemporal control of the gel formation by locally triggering the self-assembly process. Using this methodology, we show that the gel can be patterned into a desired shape. Such precise positioning of the assembled structures, combined with the stable and permanent porosity of MOPs, could allow their integration into devices for applications such as sensing, separation, catalysis, or drug release.
Deconvolving Native and Intact Protein Mass Spectra with UniDec
Authors: Kostelic Marius , Marty Michael
Published: December 2020

Intact protein, top-down, and native mass spectrometry (MS) generally require the deconvolution of electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectra to assign the mass of components from their charge state distribution. For small, well-resolved proteins, the charge can usually be assigned based on the isotope distribution. However, it can be challenging to determine charge states with larger proteins that lack isotopic resolution, in complex mass spectra with overlapping charge states, and in native spectra that show adduction. To overcome these challenges, UniDec uses Bayesian deconvolution to assign charge states and to create a zero-charge mass distribution. UniDec is fast, user-friendly, and includes a range of advanced tools to assist in intact protein, top-down, and native MS data analysis. This chapter provides a step-by-step protocol, an in-depth explanation of the UniDec algorithm, and highlights the parameters that affect the deconvolution. It also covers advanced data analysis tools, such as macromolecular mass defect analysis and tools for assigning potential PTMs and bound ligands. Overall, the chapter provides users with a deeper understanding of UniDec, which will enhance the quality of deconvolutions and allow for more intricate MS experiments.
Folding-Controlled Assembly of Ortho-Phenylene-Based Macrocycles
Authors: kirinda Viraj , Hartley Scott
Published: December 2020

The self-assembly of foldamers into macrocycles is a simple approach to non-biological higher-order structure. Previous work on the co-assembly of ortho-phenylene foldamers with rod-shaped linkers has shown that folding and self-assembly affect each other; that is, the combination leads to new emergent behavior, such as access to otherwise unfavorable folding states. To this point this relationship has been passive. Here, we demonstrate control of self-assembly by manipulating the foldamers’ conformational energy surfaces. A series of o-phenylene decamers and octamers have been assembled into macrocycles using imine condensation. Product distributions were analyzed by gel-permeation chromatography and molecular geometries extracted from a combination of NMR spectroscopy and computational chemistry. The assembly of o-phenylene decamers functionalized with alkoxy groups or hydrogens gives both [2+2] and [3+3] macrocycles. The mixture results from a subtle balance of entropic and enthalpic effects in these systems: the smaller [2+2] macrocycles are entropically favored but require the oligomer to misfold, whereas a perfectly folded decamer fits well within the larger [3+3] macrocycle that is entropically disfavored. Changing the substituents to fluoro groups, however, shifts assembly quantitatively to the [3+3] macrocycle products, even though the structural changes are well-removed from the functional groups directly participating in bond formation. The electron-withdrawing groups favor folding in these systems by strengthening arene–arene stacking interactions, increasing the enthalpic penalty to misfolding. The architectural changes are substantial even though the chemical perturbation is small: analogous o-phenylene octamers do not fit within macrocycles when perfectly folded, and quantitatively misfold to give small macrocycles regardless of substitution. Taken together, these results represent both a high level of structural control in structurally complex foldamer systems and the demonstration of large-amplitude structural changes as a consequence of a small structural effects.
Cobalt- and Iron-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Alkene Hydrosilylations
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Liao Jia-Shiang , Unruh Daniel , Li Guigen , Findlater Michael
Published: December 2020

A complementary set of base metal catalysts has been developed for regiodivergent alkene hydrosilylations: iron complexes of amine-iminopyridine ligands are selective for Markovnikov hydrosilylations (branched/linear up to >99:1), while the cobalt complexes bearing the same type of ligands provide excellent levels of anti-Markovnikov selectivity (linear/branched up to >99:1). Both systems exhibit high efficiency and wide functional group tolerance.
Ligand-Based H2 Transfer with Dihydrazonopyrrole Complexes of Nickel
Authors: McNeece Andrew , Jesse Kate , Filatov Alexander S. , Schneider Joseph , Anderson John
Published: December 2020

Biology uses precise control over proton, electron, H-atom, or H2 transfer to mediate challenging reactivity. While synthetic complexes have made incredible strides in replicating secondary coordination electron or proton donors, there are comparatively fewer examples of ligands that can mediate both proton and electron storage. Rarer still are ligands that can store full H2 equivalents. Here we report a dihydrazonopyrrole Ni complex where an H2 equivalent can be stored on the ligand periphery without any redox change at the metal center. This ligand-based storage of H2 can be leveraged for catalytic hydrogenations. Kinetic and computational analysis suggests a rate determining H2 binding step followed by comparatively facile H–H scission to hydrogenate the ligand. This system is an unusual example where a synthetic system can mimic biology’s ability to mediate H2 transfer via secondary coordination sphere-based processes.
SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION AS AN EFFECTIVE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF POPULATION GROWTH IN MARARABAN GURUKU, NASARAWA STATE NIGERIA
Authors: Sufiyan Ibrahim , H.H. Jummai , J I Magaji , Mohammed K.D
Published: December 2020

One of the determinants of people’s numbers is the socioeconomic prosperities of a particular place in the context of population census. The population is defined as the total number of people, animals and other variables per unit area in the environment. This study focuses on the negative and positive aspects of population growth and distribution. The study also covers possible factors influencing population growth and distribution in Mararaban Guruku, Karu Local Government Area of Nasarawa State. The data presented were obtained from the National Population Commission with a focus on socio-economic data and made use of appropriate statistical analysis of coefficient of determination (R2). Almost all the models have a strong and significant correlation. The multiple regression analysis defined the fitness the model at 0.9 and 0.8. The result indicates positive correlation of dependency ratio and strong impact on population increase. Mararaban Guruku is considered to have high population growth and subjected to negative influence population change ranging from high crime rate, growth of urban slums and ghetto, unemployment and overcrowding. However, it is suggested by the respondents that people are becoming aware of the use of family planning as an effective avenue of Birth control.
PERFORMANCE OF PROSO MILLET IN CHARLAND AREA
Authors: Rahman Jubaidur , Riad Mukaddasul Islam , Begum AA , Ali MR , Saha R R
Published: December 2020

The experiment was conducted at the charland area of Jamalpur during rabi 2018 to know the yield performance and popularize proso millet in charland areas. Treatments included in the experiment were: BARI Cheena-1, Local- 1 and Local-2. Yield level of different proso millet varieties/cultivar were similar except BARI Cheena-1. All the proso millet varieties/cultivar might be cultivate in char land because of low price, availability of its seeds, less risk and water requirement, easily grown without modern technology.
INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS LEVEL FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF FRENCH BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.)
Authors: Khondoker Nasrin Ara , Uddin F M Jamil , Sarker Md. Abdur Rahman
Published: December 2020

The field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2017 to February 2018 in order to assess the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus levels and their interaction on the performance of French bean. The experiment consisted of four levels of nitrogen viz. 80, 100, 120, 140 kg nitrogen ha-1 and four levels of phosphorus viz. 15, 20, 25 and 35 kg phosphorus ha-1. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. In case of nitrogen the highest plant height, branches plant-1, chlorophyll content, dry matter, number of effective pods plant-1, length of pod, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed in 120 kg nitrogen ha-1. Considering yield attributes against phosphorus treatment the highest plant height, branches plant-1, chlorophyll content, dry matter, length of pod, 1000-seeds weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed in 25 kg phosphorus ha-1. In case of interaction effect the highest plant height, branch plant-1, chlorophyll content, dry matter, number of effective pods, length of pod, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were observed in 120 kg nitrogen ha-1 and 25 kg phosphorus ha-1. The results obtained in experiment indicate that there is a scope to increase the yield of French bean by applying proper dose of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer.
MANAGING PLANT POPULATION AND COMPETITION IN FIELD CROPS
Authors: Pant Chudamani , Sah Shrawan Kumar
Published: December 2020

Maintaining the optimum plant population and competition in field crops right from germination to harvesting is one of the important tasks for efficient utilization of resources and to get highest economical yield. To know the about the inter and intra plant competition and its ultimate response on plant density dynamics, review was done on the topic managing plant population and competition on field crops. It was found that the optimum plant population is highly dependent on the various factors like crop inputs, environmental condition and managerial factors and the competition within and between the crop plants. The optimum plant population for any crop in given locality is usually determined by trial and error method. Managing the input level and environmental condition as well as many agronomical approaches can maintain the plant population to a desired level. Proper method of sowing, using good quality seed and right seed rate, optimum sowing depth, sowing seed in good quality soil, plant size and architecture, proper fertilization and irrigation, gap filling and reseeding, over-seeding and thinning, double transplanting and use of tolerance variety can be used to obtain optimum plant population.
ADOPTATION STATUS OF TECHNOLOGY IN MANDARIN ORANGE PRODUCTION IN JAJARKOT DISTRICT, NEPAL
Authors: Sharma Sushmita , Upadhayaya Sachin
Published: December 2020

To know the level of adoption of different technologies in mandarin orange, survey was conducted on April 2019 in Jajarkot district. Survey was done with 70 farmers of Nalgad municipality, Bheri municipality and Kushe rural municipal. Focus group discussion and Key Informant Survey was done with progressive farmers and JTs. The study revealed that majority of high adopters are male (66.10%) and had education level of primary and secondary. Farmers with highest number of bearing trees had highest rate of adaptation. Overall increase in adaptation over two years was 29.55%. Most adapted technology was use of bordopaste (84%) and least adopted technology was sprinkler irrigation. Main reason for increase in adoption was subsidy. There was increase in production by 52% due to increase in adoption level. Major constraint for adoption was poor access to market followed by less technical knowhow. So, it is recommended to provide appropriate market for farmers to improve the adaptation level in mandarin orange production.
EUTHANASIA OF ACUTE NEUROLGIC CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS AFFECTED PET DOG ADJACENT TO PROTECTED FOREST AREA
Authors: Govindan Vimalraj Padayatchiar , Dhakate Parag Madhukar , Uniyal Ayush
Published: December 2020

Adult male non-descript bred dog presented with a history of circling motion, frequent head nodding, crusty muzzle, muscle twitching, seizure, vomiting, inappetence, coughing, inability to walk, watery pustular discharge from eyes and blood stained left ears and on further examination of foot pads showed thick, crusty or hardened sole and based on the clinical signs and symptoms, provisionally diagnosed as Canine distemper and advised euthanasia due to close geographic onset of the disease epidemic and to prevent Canine distemper-associated deaths in wild canids and felids.
THE EFFECT OF DENSITY-VELOCITY RELATION PARAMETERS ON DENSITY CURVES IN TAU (τ) FIELD, NIGER DELTA BASIN
Authors: J. G. Atat, , A. O. Akankpo, , E. B. Umoren, , O. I. Horsfall, , S. S Ekpo,
Published: December 2020

We considered the constants obtained for tau (𝜏)Field in the Niger Delta basin from well-log data of three wells (A,B,C) to investigate the effect of inclusion of these constants on density-velocity relation using Hampson Russell Software to generate density curve in tau field. The curves were compared to those generated from Gardner and Lindseth constants and in-situ density curves. Many researchers have worked on constants for density-velocity equations for different Fields; their results always differ from Gardner and Lindseth constants including the constants of Atat et al., 2020 which are considered in this investigation as Tau Field local fit constants. Our findings support the results of these researchers. Results indicate over estimation of density curves when using Gardner and Lindseth constants. The challenge is that in-situ density curves are not accurate due to sand-shale overlap of density values. The most improved and accurate result is given by the density curves obtained using the constants for specific sand and shale lithologies (local fits). This verifies the need for the determination of constants for local fit of the oil field under investigation. The pink curves truly indicate the density estimation for the tau field which is very reliable in the characterisation of reservoir.
ADOPTION OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE (DSR) OVER PUDDLED-TRANSPLANTED RICE (TPR) FOR RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND INCREASING WHEAT YIELD
Authors: Bhandari Sagar , Khanal Saugat , Dhakal Suman
Published: December 2020

Global rice production has revealed signs that it may no longer be stable in the future. Along with the increasing population, the resources for rice production are declining. Moreover, water needs labor force for transplanting rice has become insufficient because laborers are shifting from agriculture to industry, public works, and overseas job. In view of this, the Direct-seeded rice has been put forward as an appropriate substitute to traditional puddled-transplanted rice with efficiency to save water, reduced labor requirement, mitigation of green-house gas emission, and adaptability to climatic risks. It has potentiality to increase the productivity of the subsequent non-rice crop i.e. wheat particularly in Rice-Wheat cropping system, the dominant cropping system in South Asia. However, the DSR suffers from several constraints, particularly high weed infestation. The system has been proved farmers-friendly but requires more enhancements in technological approach to realize higher benefits. In recent years, strategies have been made in promoting the DSR technology by different organizations. Scientists are working in developing suitable varieties and agronomic packages for encouraging the DSR. This review describes the resource and environmental constraints of traditional puddled-transplanted rice cultivation, analyzes the advantages and constraints of DSR, and solutions to problems of DSR in Nepal.
Main Directions of Development of Russian-Mongolian Cooperation in the Field of Protection of Transboundary Ecosystems
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kolobov R. Yu. ,   East-Siberian Branch of Russian State University of Justice, Ditsevich Ya. B. ,   Irkutsk law Institute (branch) of the University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The main aspects of the organization and development of cooperation between Russia and Mongolia in the field of conservation of transboundary ecological systems are considered, using the example of the lake Baikal ecosystem. Given the particular importance of efforts to ensure protection of waters of the Selenga river, the main tributary of lake Baikal and has a significant impact on the state, the largest freshwater lake on the planet, it analyses the state and highlighted some issues of legal regulation of issues of Russian-Mongolian cooperation in environmental protection. Through the analysis of the potential of the norms of international legal documents (both ratified by Russia and Mongolia, and not yet included in the list of recognized by these States as mandatory), proposals are formulated on priority measures to improve legal regulation in the field of organizing interaction between Russia and Mongolia on environmental issues. Attention is drawn to the currently unused in the protection of the lake. Baikal or the potential Of conventions on the protection of transboundary watercourses and international lakes that is not fully used; on the protection of the world cultural and natural heritage; on environmental impact assessment in a cross-border context and certain other international regulatory documents.
Protrusion of law as a legal phenomenon: comparative legal aspects
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Tirskikh M.G.
Published: December 2020

Violation of the universal requirement of harmony in law causes negative legal consequences. In the end, this leads to the emergence of obstacles in legal regulation, violations of law and order. Long-term violation of harmony in law, caused by stable factors, leads to the emergence of “protrusion of law.” “Protrusion of law” is a complex phenomenon that exists in the legal system of a particular state, associated with the negative influence of long-standing factors of disharmony, manifested in the existence of a set of legal norms (established models of law enforcement and positions of interpretation of law), which for one reason or another is not coherent to the general one, established, legal order, which causes a set of negative consequences in the end, leading to a complex violation of legal regulation. Protrusion has three main forms: normative protrusion (based on a violation of the coherence of a rule of law to other legal norms), law enforcement (sacred with the contradiction of the content of a legal norm and a law enforcement position developed in the course of applying such a norm) and hermeneutic protrusion (associated withare typical, as a rule, for special situations and legal regimes. They are manifested to the greatest extent in conditions of special administrative regimes of emergency and martial law, legal regimes of functioning of certain political regimes (in particular, an autocratic regime). Protrusions are manifested in different ways in legal systems belonging to different legal families. So, in the conditions of the Romano-Germanic legal family, the protrusion of law, as a rule, manifests itself in the normative sphere and is associated with the emergence of legal norms that are not coherent with other norms. The main form of overcoming protrusion is rule-making activity aimed at identifying and eliminating norms that lead to protrusion. In an Anglo-Saxon legal family, protrusion is less likely to occur. The presence of normative non-coherence does not lead directly to negative consequences, but is leveled by the action of the court, which, through case-law, can harmonize this norm in the context of the general legal order. At the same time, protrusions can occur in the very law enforcement practice, causing the destruction of the previously achieved harmony. In the context of other legal systems, the emergence of protrusion, as a rule, is caused by the identification of legal regulations that contradict the basic principle of the formation of such legal systems (religious, doctrinal, traditional).
Current Issues of Taxation Regulation of State-Funded Institutions of the Penal System
Authors:   Institute of the FPS of Russia, Moshnenko O.V.
Published: December 2020

The article considers the problems of taxation regulation of federal state-funded institutions belonging to the penal system that make it impossible to implement a number of fiscal advantages by the institutions of the penal system, and in some cases, the failure to fulfill tax obligations. Based on the analysis of tax law and budget legislation as well, litigation practice, expert rating, information letters of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Federal Tax Service, conflicting stances on the implementation of a number of statutory tax provisions regulating the procedure of tax obligation fulfillment by state-funded institutions the Penal Service towards federal taxes and taxation updates caused by a wide range of legal disputes are highlighted. The features of taxation of medical correctional institutions of the penal system are considered. Attention is drawn to the difficulties that arise when federal state-funded institutions of the penal system perform the functions of a tax agent for income tax. It is concluded that the implementation of the taxation regulation of the institutions of the penal system requires taking into account the specific features of their legal nature as the subjects of both tax law and budget legislation that implies the need to ensure consistent legal regulation of the performance of tax obligation by these subjects through the harmonization of tax and budget legislation. It is concluded that it is necessary to improve the legal norms governing the taxation of institutions included in the structure of the penal system in view of the type of correctional institution as the current taxation regulation of these institutions many questions and challenges both in the realization of their rights and in the fulfillment of tax obligations. «Transparency» of the legal status of the institutions of the penal system will increase the effectiveness of the mission implementation of the institutions and bodies of the penal system.
About Reflection in the Criminal Law of the Fact of Commission of the Crime for the First Time in Legal Meaning Concerning Certain Categories of Crimes
Authors:   Irkutsk Institute (branch) of All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Parkhomenko D.A.
Published: December 2020

According to the results of a comprehensive study of the problem, it was found that domestic criminal legislation reflects the fact of committing a crime for the first time, traditionally in a legal, and not factual (committing a crime for the first time in life) understanding: such legislative practice always has a preferential criminal law value and is carried out in various ways: in relation to specific crimes or their separate elements, in relation to certain categories of crimes. When assessing the legislative practice of using the concept of a person who first committed a crime in the legal (criminal-legal) sense for the prospect of its improvement and further development, it is noted that the “cross-cutting” meaning of this concept for the entire Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in 1996 was not defined in any norm of this Criminal Code. It has been suggested that for this reason the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation did not give an interpretation of this concept “for all occasions”: to date, no explanation has been given of the criminal-legal meaning of the concept of a person who first committed a crime in the cases provided for in Part 1 Article 531, part 1 of Article 56, paragraph “a”, Part 1 of Article 61 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It was revealed that such clarifications are expected by the law enforcement officer because the existing interpretations in relation to other norms are of a “thematic” nature and differ in their content. The advantages and disadvantages of the last form of reflecting this circumstance in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of 1996 are named. Based on the analysis of the practice of applying criminal legislation, attention is drawn to the need for its improvement in this direction with specific proposals.
Large scale use of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-based detection tests: a three-month experience in Guatemala, June-August 2020
Authors: Gobern Lorena , Parra Liz , Paredes Antonio , León Rafael , Mendez-Rico Jairo , Rondy Marc
Published: December 2020

Objectives. To measure protocol adherence and antigen-based detection tests (AgDT) negative predictive value after 3 months of massive use as a diagnostic tool for COVID-19 in Guatemala. Methods. The study period included nasopharyngeal swabs taken between March 12 and August 31, 2020, which results were entered in the national COVID-19 information system. Proportional increase in testing between one month before and one month after the introduction of AgDT (May 9–June 8 vs. June 9–July 8) was measured. Results. After AgDT introduction, there was a 139% increase in SARS-CoV-2 testing. Between June 9 and August 31, 7.8% of 110 657 AgDT-negative patients had follow-up RT-PCR testing. Of them, 30% were RT-PCR positive. Conclusions. While introducing AgDT improved access to diagnostics, ensuring the availability of timely RT-PCR capacities to confirm diagnosis is also key.
Knowledge and attitude of Mothers about Stunting in Banjar Pengukuh Peguyangan Kangin Village Denpasar
Authors: Mirayanti Ni Ketut Ayu , Juanamasta I Gede
Published: December 2020

Childhood is a crucial period in the process of human growth and development. According to the Center for Data and Information of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (2018) stated the occurrence of a short toddler or commonly referred to as stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world today. One of the determinants of the incidence of stunting in children under five years was the knowledge and attitude of the mother. The purpose of this research was to find out the description of the knowledge and attitudes of mothers with toddlers about Stunting in Banjar Pengukuh Peguyangan Kangin Village, Denpasar. The design of this study was cross-sectional. The sampling technique used nonprobability sampling with a purposive sampling approach, and the total sample wasÂ  68. In this study, the data analysis technique used the Univariate Analysis. Based on the analysis of the data obtained that the majority of respondents lacked knowledge of 44 people (64.7%) and had the right attitude, 66 people (97.1%). Suggestions for public health centre (puskesmas) to play an active role for disseminating stunting in schools and villages that will help reduce stunting indirectly.
The Effect of Classical Music Therapy on Sleep Disorders of Children Hospitalized at Sakinah Islamic Hospital Mojokerto Regency
Authors: Ratnaningsih Tri , Arista Desi
Published: December 2020

The general response that occurs when hospitalized children included regression, anxiety separation, apathy, fear, and sleep disorders. One method for improving sleep was music therapy. This research aimed to prove the effect of classical music therapy on sleep disorders at children who have experienced hospitalization at Sakinah Islamic Hospital, Mojokerto Regency. This research design was pre-experimental with one group pretest-post test design approach. The population at this research were all children who experienced hospitalization at Sakinah Islamic Hospital at Mojokerto Regency on February 26th-March 21th 2019 as many as 43 children. The sampling technique of this research was purposive sampling. The sample size that met the research criteria were 30 children. The research instrument used SOP music therapy and questionnaires. The results of this research suggested that before being given music therapy almost all respondents had lacked sleep needs as many as 23 respondents (76.7%), and after being given music therapy almost entirely had equal sleep needs as many as 26 respondents (86.7%). Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test suggested that pvalue = 0,000 or <Î± (0,05), which meant that there was an effect of music therapy on sleep disorders at children who have been hospitalized at Sakinah Islamic Hospital Mojokerto Regency. Music therapy would provide a relaxing effect where when children like music would stimulate endorphins to provide a sense of calm and easier to sleep.
The Association between Environmental Sanitation and Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Coinfection of Tuberculosis Patients in Panti District, Jember Regency
Authors: Alfianti Nita , Armiyanti Yunita , Hermansyah Bagus , Suswati Enny , Agustina Dini , Mufida Diana Chusna
Published: December 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. More than 80% of TB cases attack the pulmonary organs and the rest are extra-pulmonary TB. Indonesia is one of the countries with the high number of tuberculosis cases besides India, China, the Philippines, and Pakistan. Aside from being a country with a high TB incidence, Indonesia is also an endemic country for helminth infections, especially Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH). The high prevalence of STH infections in Indonesia allows STH coinfection in TB patients to cause decreasing immunity, thus affecting the outcome of TB infection. STH infection is very closely related to environmental sanitation. The purpose of this study was to identify and determine the association of environmental sanitation risk factors to the coinfection of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) in tuberculosis patients in Panti District, Jember Regency. This type of research was observational research with cross-sectional analytic design. Of the 49 TB patients who were undergoing treatment at the Panti Health Center, 32 people were willing to be respondents, but only 25 people collected stool samples. Fisher's test results showed that the incidence of intestinal co-infection in TB patients in Panti District, Jember Regency was 12% and was caused by two STH species, namely A. lumbricoides and Hookworm. Environmental sanitation in TB patients was mostly good, e.g 54.5% of respondents had good environmental sanitation, but there was no significant association between environmental sanitation and the incidence of intestinal co-infection in TB patients in Panti District, Jember Regency (p> 0.05).