bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Analysis of Surface Defects Detection Method Based on Ultrasonic Signal
Authors: Li Xin Gang , Wang Zhen Qing , Chen Ze Yong , Zhou Li Min , Yang Kang
Published: December 2010

This is an experiment of the damage examination of plate material with the application of elastic waves. By use of two ultrasonic probe attached to the surface of plate material, elastic waves can be injected into the structure and the probe can also receive the echo signal. By comparing the received echo signal of the defect structure and of an intact structure, the purpose of recognizing the existence of defects was achieved by extracting the signal reflection caused by the defective components. A comprehensive research based on ultrasonic wave for nondestructive testing experimental system was done. The Ultrasonic flaw detector produces high–frequency and high–voltage pulse signals and it stimulates the actuators to transmit the elastic waves into the plate material. Another probe receives the echo signals, and as to the diagnosis of the extraction of the echo signal, a good method will be adopted: By the method of continuous wavelet transform, and then study the distribution of time domain and frequency domain. By comparing echo signal, the purpose of identifying the existence of defects is achieved by extracting the echo signal caused by the defective components.
Measurement and Distribution Pattern of Temperature Field within the Preform during CLVI
Authors: Sun Wan Chang , Li He Jun , Fu Qian Gang , Zhang Shou Yang
Published: December 2010

CLVI has the fastest efficient of densification in the preparation of high temperature composites, compared with traditional isothermal CVI technique. In this paper, the internal temperature field of the preform during the process of CLVI was tested synchronously through multiple thermocouples. The change rules of the temperature filed inside the preform was got by analyzing the data obtained from the above test through Origin software. The liquid hydrocarbon keeps the temperature of the outer preform constant at its own boiling point, whereas the inner part of the preform is hot enough to pyrolyze the vaporized carbon precursor, causing a steep thermal gradient through the preform thickness. The thermal gradient along the radial direction in the preform can get about 1000°C during the deposition. In this case, densification occurs preferentially inside the preform, and then outward.
Optimization of Sintering Temperature and Doping Level of Cr2O3 in ZnO-Pr6O11-Based Varistor Ceramics
Authors: Feng Hai , Peng Zhi Jian , Fu Zhi Qiang , Yue Wen , Yu Xiang , Wang Cheng Biao , Qi Long Hao , Miao He Zhuo
Published: December 2010

The electrical properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-based varistors, which composed of (98.5-x)mol% ZnO +0.5mol% Pr6O11 +1.0mol% Co3O4 +xmol% Cr2O3 (x=0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0), were investigated as a function of sintering temperature in the range of 1250-1400°C for 2 h. At the same sintering temperature, the nonlinear exponents increased with the increase of Cr2O3 doping amount no more than 0.5mol%, but decreased with more Cr2O3 doped. With the same doping level of Cr2O3, the samples' varistor voltage decreased with the sintering temperature increased; and the samples' nonlinear exponents increased first with the sintering temperature increased to 1300 °C, but decreased when the temperature increased further. Conclusively, the electrical properties of ZnO-Pr6O11-Co3O4- Cr2O3 varistors were strongly affected by the sintering temperature and the doping level of Cr2O3, and the samples, doped with 0.5 mol% Cr2O3 and sintered at 1300 °C, exhibited the optimum nonlinear performance.
XPS Studies on Light-Yellow Glass Prepared by Sol-Gel Dip-Coating
Authors: Yu Xin Gang , Zeng Kang Yan , Luo Shi Song , Ma Hong Wen , Bi Wen Yue , Zhao Hui Feng , Gao Yan Na
Published: December 2010

Light-yellow glass was prepared by coating silver film on the flat glass substrate surface with sol-gel dip-coating process. The chemical composition and the valence state of elements on the surface of silver thin film deposited on glass substrate were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results show that: elements of Na, Mg, Ca exist in the form of their respective stable state, such as Na2O, MgO, CaO, when heat treated at 500°C for 0.5h; but Si is unstable, and exhibit stoichiometrical disturbances. Results of chemical composition and their content by weight percent of silver thin film surface reveal that minute of quantity silver on the glass surface can lead to the glass with light-yellow color. The transmission of light for the light-yellow glass, deep-yellow glass and the flat glass substrate was also analyzed by spectrophotometer, and the results indicate that the light-yellow glass is capable of absorbing UV rays heavily.
Microstructure and Crystallization of MAS Glass-Ceramics Containing Alkali Oxides
Authors: Xiao Zhuo Hao , Zhou Jian Er , Wang Yong Qing
Published: December 2010

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics containing 4.0w% alkali oxides were prepared by conven- tional melt quenching technique. The effects of heat treatment conditions on crystal types, microstructure and break strength of the glass-ceramics were studied by DSC, XRD, SEM and break strength tests. The main crystallization phases of this glass system are β-quartz (Li2-2xMgxAl2Si3O10) and β-Spodumene, no cordierite phase found. The glass-ceramics possessed a regular network-shaped microstructure feature formed by pyroxene crystals. With the increase of temperature, the β-Quartz around pyroxene crystals converted into β-spodumene and the regular network-shaped microstructure feature getting weaker and disappeared. The average break strength of the glass-ceramics containing no cordierite crystals based on MgO2-Al2O3-SiO2 system is about 150MPa, which is much high than the base glass.
Effect of the Acidity on the Morphology and Composition of Nano-TiO2/ Cu Particles
Authors: Du Shi Guo , Yan Jun , Wang Bin , Cui Hai Ping
Published: December 2010

Nano-TiO2/micro-Cu composite particles were prepared by peptization method using Ti(OBu)4 and SnCl2•2H2O as the raw materials. The effect of the content of HNO3 on the morphology and composition was investigated. The results showed that when the mole ratio of HNO3 and Ti(OBu)4 was 0.5:1, about 100nm TiO2 of amorphous phase grew on the surface of Cu forming strawberry like particles. When the mole ratio of HNO3 and Ti(OBu)4 was 1:1, Cu powders were coated with TiO2 crystals of several nanometers in size, meanwhile particles of several microns in size was absorbed on the Cu surface, which can be easily removed by water cleaning. The possible mechanism was discussed in the end.
Corrosion Behaviors of Borosilicate Glasses in Various Leaching Agents
Authors: Wu Ping Ping , Zhang Cheng , Xu Hai Fang , Huang De Xin , Xu Bing , Jiang Dan Yu
Published: December 2010

Static short-term corrosion tests were performed to two kinds of borosilicate glasses in deionized water, at 70°C and 150°C, respectively. Same corrosion experiments were also carried out in other leaching agents, such as simulated under ground water of Beishan, sulfuric acid solution (pH=0.5) and potassium hydroxide solution (pH = 13). Experimental results show that both leaching agent and corrosion temperature co-dominate the corrosion process, and the temperature plays more important role. At low temperature of 70°C, the corrosion reaction is controlled by the ion diffusing in DIW at earlier stage. While in PHS, network hydrolysis reaction is the main corrosion mechanism.
Comparison of Leaching Characteristics of Lead in Waste CRTs
Authors: Cheng Jun Hua , Zhang Jian , Wen Di Jiang
Published: December 2010

This study investigates four extraction methods (water extraction, toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP), modified TCLP with pH control and sequential chemical extraction (SCE)), each representing different liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios, pH controls, and types of leachant and their effects on the leaching concentration of Pb in cathode ray tubes (CRTs).The results indicated that for extraction with distilled water,the lead leaching concentration (mg/L) decreased with L/S ratio in the range of 2-100. The results also showed that the leaching concentration was strongly pH-dependent in the TCLP and modified TCLP tests. In modified TCLP tests,in the case of pHs lower than 6.3,the leaching concentrations of Pb decreased with an increase in pH. Due to the nature of amphoteric elements, in the case of pHs higher than 7, the Pb leaching concentration increased with increasing pH. In SCE tests, the Pb speciation approached the extractable carbonate bound fraction. Both amounts of Pb leached from the SCE and modified TCLP tests were much higher than those for the regular TCLP and water extraction tests. The initial particle size of samples have great effect on the leachability of Pb from waste CRTs.
Influence of the Slag Replacement Percentage on the Compressive Strength and Products of Slag Based Geopolymers
Authors: Yang Li Rong , Duan Man Zhen
Published: December 2010

The slag based geopolymers materials are synthesized at ambient temperature by using fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as the main starting materials, and NaOH and soluble glass together as activators. The influence of the mix proportion between GGBFS and FA on the strength and reaction products was investigated. The products obtained were characterized by means of XRD, FTIR spectroscopy and FE-SEM coupled with EDX. The results show that a great increase in compressive strength appears when the replacement percentage of GGBFS exceeds 30wt. %, the resultant products are mainly amorphous materials (amorphous aluminosilicate and/or C-S-H gel) and much more compact, homogeneous, and uniform when the amorphous aluminosilicate is increasingly turned into C-S-H gel with the increasing replacement percentage of GGBFS.
Needle-Penetration Method for Cement Paste Agglomeration
Authors: Tan Wen Jie , Chang Jun , Ye Zheng Mao
Published: December 2010

The testing method for detecting cement paste agglomeration is investigated. Furthermore, the procedure and feasibility are also discussed. Paste agglomeration is an abnormal phenomenon of part hydration along with many granules forming. Base on measurement of cement setting time, needle-penetration method is used to check the degree of agglomeration by vicat apparatus. Through researching the influence of cement fineness, content of gypsum and hydrating time on amount of agglomeration, the dependability, reproducibility and enantiotropy of this method are analyzed. The results show that the variation laws of paste agglomeration could be reflected by needle-penetration method effectively, and this method is easy to be carried out. There are better reproducibility and enantiotropy, and this method be used to study the mechanism of agglomeration.
Pore Structure and Microstructure of Foam Concrete
Authors: Yu Xin Gang , Luo Shi Song , Gao Yan Na , Wang Hong Fei , Li Yue Xiang , Wei Yu Rong , Wang Xiao Jian
Published: December 2010

The pore structure and microstructure of the foam concrete was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy combined with digital image analysis. The results show that: (1) even-distributed fine and close pores resulting in high strength and low permeability; (2) uneven-distributed large size pores and open pores lead to low strength and high permeability; (3) light microscopy combined with digital image analysis is a cheap and convenient tool fitting for the pore structure analysis of the foam concrete; (4) scanning electron microscopy is very appropriate for the pore structure and microstructure analysis of the foam concrete.
Temperature Effect on Breakage Behavior of Cement Clinker by Compression
Authors: Chen Lan , Xiang Hua Zhong , Zhang Cheng , Bao Yi Wang
Published: December 2010

This paper describes the temperature effect on breakage behavior of cement clinker by single particle compression test. Portland cement clinker nodules, with mean diameter of 22 mm, were chosen as the test specimens. They were treated with heating to the temperatures of 300°C and 1000°C or cooling to -20°C and -88°C, respectively. The breakage behaviors were compared with the untreated nodules. The compression force-displacement profiles show that the treated nodules are easier to be broken because of the micro-cracks. Scanning electron microscope images illustrate that the clinker microstructures were changed after heating or cooling treatments. However, the main components are still the same according to the examination of X-ray diffraction. Comparing the heating with the cooling processes, it is more possible to use the waste heat of clinker sintering stage to reheat the clinker nodules, and these new reheating circuits may improve the energy efficiency of comminution.
Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Cement-Matrix Composite Containing Nickel Fiber
Authors: Luo Liu Jun , Xiong Guo Xuan , Zheng Shu Fang , Deng Min
Published: December 2010

The cement-matrix composite with the function of building structure and electromagnetic interference shielding was prepared by filling nickel fiber into cement. The dispersion of nickel fiber in cement-matrix composite and the shielding effectiveness of composite containing various volume fractions of nickel fiber were investgated in this paper. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness in the frequency range of 0.1 MHz to 1.5 GHz and the conductivity of composite were measured by coaxial cable method and two-probe method, respectively. The dispersion of nickel fiber in cement was characterized by EPMA. The results indicated that the dispersion property of nickel fiber by sodium hexametaphosphatecan was better than sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The optimum contents of nickel fiber in composite was 5 vol.%, the maximum shielding effectiveness was 45.7 dB in 140 MHz and the minimum shielding effectiveness was 36 dB in 1240 MHz. The shielding effectiveness of composite with 7 vol.% nickel fiber was lower than that with 5 vol.% nickel fiber due to the tendency of nickel fiber cling to each other.
Electrochemical Charaterization of Steel Concrete under Multi-Factors Influence
Authors: Liu Yu Jun , Jiang Quan , Zhao Chun Zhi , Zhao Pei Yue
Published: December 2010

The corrosion of steel concrete under the multi-factor of hygrothermal marine environment and flexural stress-salt spray accelerated corrosion environment was studied by potentodynamic polarization method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Under the hygrothermal marine environment (Wan-ning), with the prolonging of period, passive film on the steel was depolarized, and when the period was two years, the steel started corrosion. The result show that flexural stress could accelerate chlorine ion permeation rate on the concrete, and make passive film depolarize more early. With the passive film’s depolarization, the interfacial reaction of steel/concrete develops from electrochemical activation to mass transport limitation, and the reaction resistance decrease.
Nanostructure of a Glass-Like Carbon Characterized by X-Ray Diffraction and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Zhi Li , Brydson Rik , Westwood Aidan , Rand B.
Published: December 2010

In our present study, phenolic resins heated at different temperatures from 600 oC to 3000 oC were analysised in terms of phase structure and chemical structure using X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy equipped with an electron energy loss spectrometer (EELS). It is shown that materials appear to be amorphous with many micro-pores surrounded by crystalline graphite layers; the formation of the pore is due to the gas evolution reaction. Using the intensities of peaks in EELS CK-ionization edge which arise from transition of an atomic 1s electron to the π* and σ* antibonding band-like states, the percentage of sp2-bonded carbon have been analyzed and the results reveal notable differences with heat treatment temperature.
A Method for the Determination of Ceramic Paste Plasticity
Authors: Zhang Wen Li , Jin Jian Guo
Published: December 2010

The forming property of clay is one of the most important processing properties. Mineral composition and plasticity of various kinds of clays were determined, and the relations among yield value, degree of deformation and mineral composition were analyzed. According to the relations between acting force and distance between colloidal particles in clay-water system, the determining method of plasticity index II was set up, and compared with the traditional determining methods. The results show that the determining method of plasticity index II can better reflect the effect of clays on the plasticity of body by the comparison of determined values in different ways with the actual plasticity of body, the plasticity indexes II of different kinds of clays have relations of summation with the plasticity of body. The forming property of clay can be reasonably evaluated by plasticity index II.
Investigation of Inorganic-Intercalated Vermiculite by X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: Wang Chun Feng , Gu Hua Zhi , Zhou Fei
Published: December 2010

Vermiculite is a layer silicate with an interlayer spacing about 1-2nm. The interlayer of inorganic-pillared vermiculite inlaid with a large amount of nanometer particles and micropores. It isn’t suitable to characterize the structure of inorganic-pillared vermiculite by SEM and TEM. In this paper, the microstructure of inorganic-pillared vermiculites obtained at different steps is characterized by XRD method. The interlayer spacing of inorganic-pillared vermiculite is obtained by analyzing the diffraction peak position and intensity in XRD patterns. The results show that the inorganic component is successfully inserted into the interlayer of vermiculite. Pillared vermiculite show higher intrinsic thermal stability and intensity than crude vermiculite.
Cr3+ Effect on the Correlation between Lightness Difference and Color Difference of Ruby Red
Authors: Guo Ying , Li Xiang , Tian Li
Published: December 2010

The correlations between of lightness, chroma, Cr3+ and color index were studied to analyze the impact of all these three elements on ruby red color; and with the color difference research, the lightness difference is testified to be the key affecting color appearance. Based on the uniform color space CIE 1976L*a*b*, the ruby displays the best red color when the content of Cr3+ is within (1555, 5183ppm), L* (32.64, 44.25) and ho  (354.14, 0.7). With the help of partial correlation analysis of color difference, it is illustrated that the correlation between L* and E* (r=0.999) is relatively higher than that between L* and E* (r=0.948); and with high significance level ( = 0.129) of H* and E*, it shows that H* has little impact on E*. It is concluded that the color change of ruby from red to purple are mostly affected by lightness change; lightness difference should be considered as the most important factor when evaluating the red color of ruby, and then followed by the chroma and hue jointly.
Holding Strength of Bond to Diamond Grain within Vitrified Abrasives
Authors: Li Zheng Xin , Zhang Rui , Yang Xue Feng , Deng Xiang Rong
Published: December 2010

This paper first analyzes the characteristics of holding strength of ceramic adhesive to diamond grains within vitrified abrasives grinding wheel, subsequently put forwards a calculating method of holding strength based on the data of the samples tensile strength test and fractography analysis. The holding strength mechanical model and the mathematic model are presented in this paper, which is figured out by load strength analyzing and idealized assumptions. Considering the holding strength computational complexity a set of software was designed to calculate the strength with the Excel data sheets exported from the tensile strength test and micro image analysis. Its flow diagram was shown in this paper.
Prestressed Ceramics Lateral Confined by Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Xu Bao Cai , Zhang Long , Ye Ming Hui , Duan Rong Xia , Zhao Kai Lei
Published: December 2010

This article presents the results for the prestress of ceramics lateral confined by aluminum alloy. Prestressed ceramics composite is produced by casting molten aluminum alloy around a hot ceramic tile and then cooling it down with blowing air. Different technical parameters of the casting are investigated. Al2O3/ZrO2(4Y) composite ceramics alumina tiles prepared by combustion synthesis under high gravity are used in this study to investigate the effect of confinement and prestress. The samples of ceramics are lateral confined by aluminum alloy, which lead to monaxial compressive stress in the tile and tensile stress in the metal. Thin and thick target configurations are used to understand the effect on pre-stressing performance, which simply and approximately allows high monaxial compressive pre-stresses. The residual stress in the metal should be lower than the yield strength of the metal, and this requirement can be approximately realized by Vickers indentation crack length.
Atomic Oxygen Effects of Polyimide/Silica Hybrid Films in Low Earth Orbit Environment
Authors: Duo Shu Wang , Song Mi Mi , Luo Ying , Liu Ting Zhi , Gao Wei Min
Published: December 2010

To improve AO resistance of polyimide, a type of polyimide/silica (PI/SiO2) hybrid film was prepared by the sol-gel process. The coupling agent p-aminophenyltrimeth- oxysilane (APTMOS) was chosen to enhance the compatibility between the polyimide (PI) and silica (SiO2). AO resistance of the PI/SiO2 hybrid films were tested in the ground-based simulation AO facility. The erosion yield of the films was 4.7×10-26 cm3/atom, decreased by two orders of magnitude compared with the value of 3.0×10-24 cm3/atom of the polyimide film. Results from FTIR, XPS, AFM on AO treated polyimide/silica hybrid films indicate the formation of a passivating inorganic SiO2 layer. The layer significantly retards the penetration of oxygen atoms, preventing further degradation of the polymer in the bulk. The addition of SiO2 in polyimide does not significantly alter the optical properties of polyimide during AO exposure.
Repairing Technology of Aluminum Alloy with Compound Metallic-Membrane Plating
Authors: Ye Ming Hui , Xu Bao Cai , Guan Zhen Zhen
Published: December 2010

Aiming at repairing aluminum alloy wear-out parts, the multiple compound metallic-membrane plating is researched with anodic oxidation, chemical plating Ni-P and later heat processing, blacken processing. Experiments show that this plating has many advances such as lower porosity, stronger binding force, higher hardness, better corrosion and abrasion resistant, another, this method of repairing only needs simple condition and is easy to be operated, this technology of repairing provides a new method for repairing of aluminum alloy wear-out parts.
Microstructure of TiC/Nb-Ni Cermets Cladding Layer
Authors: Wang Ming Yi , Liu Zong De , Zhao Li Ping
Published: December 2010

This paper reports an investigation of the effect of Nb additions on the microstructure of TiC–Ni cermets, which is prepared by plasma cladding technique. The composition of the cermets cladding layer was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was carried out for phase identification. The microstructure has a trend to become finer with the increase of Nb additions, however, when the Nb addition goes to 15 wt%, the ceramic particles become much bigger and cause large amounts of cracks. Then the component variation of different parts of the ceramic particle was analyzed using the EDS, and explained the reason of the variation and why the rim structure wasn't formed.
Effect of Zn on the Photoluminescence of Polycrystalline Diamond Compacts
Authors: Gao Kai , Li Zhi Hong , Wang Peng Fei , Li Xue Song , Zhu Yu Mei , Wang Kai Yue
Published: December 2010

Zn and Cu were separately incorporated to the diamond powder and then the compacts were prepared under 5GPa, 1273K. The results showed that Zn was a good additive to prepare polycrystalline diamond by high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) because it could inhibit the graphitization of diamond. The element Zn left in the polycrystalline was in the form of ZnO. The photoluminescence spectroscopy showed that there were a series of sharp bands between 310 and 390nm when the excitation was above 200nm. However, the full width at half maximum of the diamond peaks mostly was below 0.5nm. The intensity of sharp band decreased with the decrease of excitation energy and then disappeared at last.
Effects of Wet Grinding Process on the Properties of the Ground Diatomite Particles
Authors: Wang Xu Ming , Deng Yan Xi , Li Yan Feng
Published: December 2010

Wet grinding of diatomite was carried out in a stirred mill. The changes in particle size, specific surface area and structure or the particle shape in the wet grinding process were investigated. The adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by the ground diatomite was also studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and IR spectra were employed to characterize the ground diatomite. The median particle size decreased and the specific surface area increased with the grinding time, an agglomeration phenomenon was not observed during the experimental grinding time. The X-ray diffraction patterns versus grinding time showed that a peak intensity reduction of opal. The results of adsorption of methylene blue onto diatomite indicated the adsorption capacity increases with the increase of grinding time until eventually reaches a constant value.
Hydrophobic Ceramic Surface by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Zheng Zhan Shen , Yan Pei Qi , Li Rui Jiao , Yang Hui
Published: December 2010

The sol-gel method was chosen in the experiment to make nano-structured coatings on the ceramics. In this experiment the TEOS, ETOH were chosen as the main reagents and the two group formulas whose scale were 3:50 and 18:25 were chosen to make the sol of silica by the way of sol-gel, and the two formula were mixed on some scale. The sols of the three formulas would be spread on the ceramics separately; and then burned in different temperatures of 500°C, 800°C, 900°C and 1000°C, last the samples were put into the 10% of trim ethyl chlorosilane of n-hexane solution to adorn the surface of spread the gel ceramics. The result of the samples, which are uncalcined, calcined and black and calcined and the surface adorned compared, shows that the contact angle of samples that have been calcined and the surface adorned becomes bigger. So the hydrophic effect is the best when there are all of the microstructure and the low-surface power on the ceramics surface.
Mineral Sepiolite Energy-Saving Residential Materials
Authors: Jiang Da Hua , Li An Gui , Shi Fa En , Ren Ru Shan
Published: December 2010

Mineral sepiolite as inorganic carrier, lauric acid(LA)-stearic acid(SA)as binary PCM(phase change material), CTAB as modifier, ethanol as solvent, mineral energy storage residential composite was prepared by intercalation, and the properties of composites were characterized using thermogravimetry(TG)/differential thermal analysis(DTA),scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD).Orthogo-nal experimental results show that the optimum proportion of composite materials is A3B2C1D3, the initial phase change temperature is 31.44 °C, phase transition peak temperature is 35.25°C, a wide range of endothermic peak is between 30.0~40.0°C, scope of phase change temperature is 3.81. LA-SA eutectic mixture could be retained by adding into 42.3 wt% porous sepiolite, treated at 80 °C. The weight loss of the composites is no more than 2% when melting/freezing cycling within 100°C, so it has good thermal reliability when applied to building material. Mainly due to relatively high content of mineral impurity, high temperature and CTAB can significantly help improve adsorption rate of mineral sepiolite. Sepiolite as a carrier material has features with low cost, broad sources, non-toxic and non-pollution. The composite material is a healthy residential energy-saving material, and it provides a good prospect for the realization of building energy efficiency, regulating room temperature in summer, and improving human comfort.
Preparation and Functionality Research of Anion Functional Fabrics
Authors: Li Qing Shan , Xu Ming Shuang
Published: December 2010

In order to provide scientific proof to anion functional fabrics application research in textile domain, in this article, anion functional fabrics were prepared, the anion generating capacity was determined and the effect of anion fabrics and mice BLA after exercise were first studied. The anion generating capacity shows that: due to the adding of anion function powders to function fabrics, the anion amount released by function fabrics is apparently higher than common fabrics. Washing can not significantly reduce the anion amount of function fabrics releasing. These can indicate that the function fabrics can release anion stable and lasting. The determination of mice’s BLA after swimming showed that Compared to common fabrics, functional fabrics have significant difference (P<0.05). The anions of functional fabrics releasing can reduce animals BLA after exercise and help to eliminate exercise-induced muscle fatigue.
Preparation of Epoxy Resin/Montmorillonite Composites by Monomer Insert In Situ Polymerization
Authors: Xie Jing , Shen Shang Yue , Luo Yu Xia , Zhang Meng Meng , Chen Ying
Published: December 2010

Epoxy resin/ montmorillonite (EP/MMT) composite was prepared via monomer insert in-situ polymerization. It was shown that the EP/MMT composites could be successfully synthesized from the raw materials only by one step, making it simpler than traditional in-situ intercalative polymerization method. The d001 spacing of montmorillonite was tested by XRD and increased to 4.30nm. The results showed that tensile strength and impact strength were improved by 98.11 and 93.69%, respectively. The glass transition temperature was increased by 17.3 °C.
Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Anionic Surfactant Modified Montmorillonite
Authors: Chen Dai Mei , Chen Jian , Wang Xu Ming , Luan Xin Long , Ji Hai Peng , Xu Feng
Published: December 2010

Sodium stearate modified montmorillonite(SSTA-MMT) is prepared by using the anion surfactant sodium stearate, and its structure is characterized by X-ray and FI-IR diffraction. The results show that sodium stearate can be intercalated into the interlayers of montmorillonite and the layer spacing is expanded from 12.74 to 48.05 Å with the loading concentration of sodium stearate increasing from 5 % to 100 % CEC of Na-MMT. The adsorption of methylene blue onto SSTA-MMT experiments show that the adsorption kinetic of methylene blue onto SSTA-MMT can be best described by the pseudo-second-order model and that the adsorption isotherm of methylene blue is in good agreement with the Langmuir equation.
Thermal and Hydrothermal Stability of Al-Pillared Rectorites
Authors: Xu Hong Yan , Chen Xing Tong , Guo Ai Hong
Published: December 2010

Al-pillared rectorites (Al-REC) were synthesized from naturally occurring rectorite through exchange of interlamellar ions with hydroxyalumina polycations. Furthermore, Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and Transmitting electronic microscopy (TEM) were applied in order to study the themal stability and hydrothermal stability of pillared materials. The Al-REC are thermally stable up to 800 °C. X-ray diffractograms of Al-REC calcined at 800 °C show a sharp and intense d001 peak, corresponding to a basal spacing of 2.75nm. In a 100% steam flow under atmospheric pressure at 800 °C for 20h, the characteristic d001 spacing of Al-REC decreases from 2.74 to 2.52nm, the sharp and intense d001 peak is still observed. And micropore area, mesopore volume and micropore volume retain 62, 33 and 67%, respectively, which affirms that this pillared clay has exceptional hydrothermal stability.
Analysis of Gravity on Tourism Resource of Zhangqiu, Shandong
Authors: Li Bai Feng , Liang Xing Guo , Ren Jun , Li Qing Shan
Published: December 2010

Gravity model has been applied to trade and tourism for long. This paper analyzes the decisive factor of Zhangqiu’s tourist resource from the perspective of the actual data by adopting Gravity model. Meanwhile, presents an overall aspect of Zhangqiu city, its current development of the tourism industry, and the advantages and characteristics as well. Further proposal is also produced to contribute to the tourist development based on the analysis of the model data.
Plasmid Fingerprinting Profiles of Chicken-Derived Pathogenic Strains of Escherichia coli
Authors: Wang Chun Guang , Zhang Tie , Zhao Xing Hua
Published: December 2010

Plasmid DNA was extracted from all 38 strains of chicken Escherichia coli by alkaline lysis method. The agarose gel electrophoresis showed 23 plasmid patterns. The strains from the same source had the same, similar, or quite different plasmid profiles, while those from different sources generally did not have the same plasmid profiles. Therefore, the plasmid profiles can provide basic materials for epidemiological investigation on chicken Escherichia coli at molecular level.
Simultaneous Determination of Nonylphenol and Short-Chain Nonylphenol Polyeothoxylates by Gas Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Qiao Yu Shuang
Published: December 2010

This paper presents a method for the simultaneous determinat of NP and NPEO1-2 using GC-MS in sludge samples. using ultrasonic extraction, derivatization techniques, the results show that good separation of three substances, a well-shaped peak can be observed on every selected ion chromatogram. the ultrasonic extraction recoveries ranged from 80% to 102% , the instrumental limits of detection for these compounds were 2 ng/g、2 ng/g and 1.5 ng/g and the relative standard deviation(RSD) was below 15%. The establishment of this method provided the method safeguard for the control of NP and NPEO1-2 in sludge samples.
University Education of Intellectual Property for Innovation Talents of Science and Technology in Functional Material Industry
Authors: Liang Jin Sheng , Meng Jun Ping , Ding Yan , Wang Li Juan , Liang Guang Chuan
Published: December 2010

Material industry is a basic industry in our national economy. In order to develop our new material industry, the independent innovation capability should be improved and the compound innovation talents of science and technology should be trained. The popularization education of the intellectual property should be brought into the quality education system of the college students. This is of important significance for developing the strategic new industry in the field of new material. Combined the training practice on the innovation talents of science and technology in the industries of the new energy and environment functional materials, the education mode of the intellectual property for the compound innovation talents of science and technology in the functional material industry was studied.
Development and Application of Health Stone in Healthy Housing
Authors: Li Qing Shan , Hong Wei , Xing Guang Zhong
Published: December 2010

Elaborated the concept of health and Healthy Housing residential health assessment criteria, focusing on the “Health Stone” Healthy Housing development and application. “Health Stone” Healthy Housing in the original basis of healthy housing, and further enrich the connotation of the health concept, its 8 advantages, making it competitive with other types of housing in good stead. The rational use of new technologies and new materials, will bring its more extensive and broad space for development.
A Model and Simulated Analysis for Reliability and Failure in MEMS Fabrication
Authors: Malik M.Rizwan , Shi Tie Lin , Tang Zi Rong , Liu Shi Yuan , Haseeb M.
Published: December 2010

Engineering medical applications are enriched by the fabrication potential of the growing technology of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS). Within this technological expansion, device manufacturing costs, failure and long-term performance reliability are critical issues that have to be resolved using basic probabilistic design methodologies which are yet largely unexploited by industrial and service companies at the mature innovation level. Modeling and testing of high-performance MEMS is a promising route, based upon these methodologies, to enhancing reliability and preventing surface failure. In this paper, we focus on the modeling of the mechanical properties of MEMS, as exemplified by a capacitive accelerometer, using probabilistic techniques. The accuracy of these techniques is also evaluated for the accelerometer with regard to those parameters that affect mainly reliability and failure. The simulated analysis of the mechanical properties is performed with easy-to-use probabilistic software known as “NESSUS”. It is concluded that probabilistic design methodologies are very effective and balanced for making design decisions that can, with both reliability and ease, ensure component or system efficiency.
Study on the Node Position of Stepped Horn Used for Power Ultrasonic Grinding
Authors: Zhao Bo , Kong Ling Zhi , Zhao Chong Yang
Published: December 2010

In this paper, the stepped horn node position and its deviation with the theoretical value were analyzed. And the main reason which leads to the difference between the real position and its theoretical position was also discussed. Because of the existence of Poisson’s ratio, the longitudinal ultrasonic vibration will induce horizontal vibration, and this will affect the velocity of ultrasonic vibration, finally lead to the deviation of the node position. The optimal node position was analyzed by finite element method. The numerical analysis shows that offsetting node position to the small end of horn can reduce longitudinal vibration of the support plate.
The Research of CAE Template and Knowledge Reuse Technology for NC Machine Tool Generalized Modular Design System
Authors: Mi Liang , Yin Guo Fu , Jiang H. , Zhong K.Y. , Wang J.
Published: December 2010

By establishing the architecture of a NC machine tool modular design system that consists of a user interface layer, an application tools layer, and a supporting technology layer, and aiming at the enterprise’s need of repeatedly FEA for product modules, a CAE analysis of information model for machine tool module which consists of geometric information, material information, boundary constraints information, load information and so on was proposed. Knowledge representation of CAE template based on five elements set structure was created, and a method for creating CAE template based on the CAE analysis of information model and CAE system operation was discussed. With the help of this technology achieved a good reuse of the CAE analysis knowledge and process based on the modular machine design technology, which is conducive for enterprises to promote the use of CAE software system and improve the quality of product design.
Experimental Research on Electroactive Characteristics of a Novel Artificial Muscle Material-Dielectric Elastomer
Authors: Hui An Feng , E Shi Ju , Zhu Xi Lin , Zhu L.H. , Cao Jian Bo
Published: December 2010

By researching on the main factors affecting the active zone area strain of electroactive dielectric elastomers, the suitable conditions of area strain for the material in the application as artificial muscles actuator was determined. In the experiments, the strain characteristics of the material was investigated under uniaxial pre-stretching, uniform biaxial pre-stretching and non-uniform biaxial pre-stretching respectively. In addition, the strain rates of the materials active zone under different ratio of the active zone to the window radius of the materials were investigated. The experimental results show that the area strain of active zone would have inflexion under any pre-stretching condition, and the area strain increased with applied voltage increasing, decreased with the ratio of the active zone to the window radius increasing. It could be found that the strain conditions have an important influence on the area strain of the active zone.
A Novel Electro-Discharge Dressing Technique for Nonelectrical Diamond Grinding Wheels
Authors: Cai L.R. , Yu J.H. , Wan Z.M.
Published: December 2010

Conventional electrical discharge truing/dressing(EDD) technology shows important limitations that it is only applicable to electrical grinding wheels. This paper proposed novel EDD technology which could truing/dressing nonelectrical superabrasive grinding wheels such as resin-bonded diamond wheel and vitrified CBN wheel by means of covering electrical material on the surface of wheel. The principle of removing non-electrical bond during dressing process is illustrated. The results of electrical discharge dressing under different discharge current（ie）were compared. Experiments results indicate that the EDD method proposed in this paper has been applicable to nonelectrical bond wheels. In addition, discharge current has direct influence on the wheel surface topography and the performance of diamond grain.
Copy Geometry Modeling Method for Complex Components with IGES Reference Models
Authors: Lu Bi Hong , Wang K. , Qu Bao Zhang , Zheng Xiao Fang
Published: December 2010

Aiming at the independent geometric reference models of IGES surfaces for housing-type components, basing on the Pro/E, authors proposed the method of using the "exterior copy geometry" technology to extract references for surface reconstruction. The top down design ideas are adopted to break down original complex model into several components. After defining the modeling datum and father-son relationship, copy geometry is applied to reconstruct each component. Then all the part models are assembled by "exterior copy geometry" technology in the way of coordinate system superposition. And finally a 3D modeling of complex surface part is reconstructed. The No.10 coupler in CHR3 train is taken as a case study. Extracting geometry reference data from IGES model, without any parametric features, then these data are used to do parametric modeling in Pro/E in order to make them support variability design. Cooperating Pro/E with Imageware, quality of surface reconstructed is analyzed and evaluated. The above method provides an efficient solution for complex parts parameterization modeling and evaluation.
Investigation of Complex Signal and its Bilateral Frequency Spectrum
Authors: Wang K. , Zhang Hong Ren
Published: December 2010

Aim at complex function Fourier transform, the complex index expanded form have been discussed in this paper. The paper indicates that the periodical complex function can be used to describe the motion trace of a point in complex plane. Then the engineering application of complex signal frequency spectrum analysis has been discussed in this paper. This technique has been applied to the fields of mechanical engineering and some innovative achievements have been obtained, such as the establishment of new rotation accuracy theory, the suggestion of spectrum analysis for mechanism synthesis and the invention of polar locus generator. This paper also points out some misunderstandings that due to oversight of complex signal in the academia of signal analysis.
Preparation and Properties Study of Laser Cladding of Ni-Based Alloy on Copper
Authors: Wang Y.S. , Zhu F.D. , Liu N.W.
Published: December 2010

In order to improve the surface Performance of thick copperplate, A Ni- Cr alloy coating metallurgically bonded onto thick copperplate is performed by YAG laser remelting plasma spraying coating process. In laser cladding processing, it is difficult to get good metallurgical bonding between the layer and copperplate. Plasma spraying technology is developed to get a alloy layer on the surface of thick copperplate, and then using YAG laser cladding method to make a coating. The results of Micro organization analysis indicate that the cladding layer and substrate form favorable metallurgical bonding, as a narrow metallurgical bonding zone, about 3m in thickness. The structure is more compact compared with witch of plasma spraying coating, and the crystal grains are refined grain.
Research on Scheme Design of Four-Axis Machining Centers Based on Topological Structure and Tool Changing Motion Characteristics
Authors: Liu J.H. , Zhao Bo , Yan Hong Sen
Published: December 2010

The scheme design process for four–axis machining centers is proposed based on analysis of main kinematic chain, topological and tool changing motion characteristics of machine tool in this paper. All possible kinematic schemes of four-axis machining centers with tool change mechanisms up to eight links are generated. And the number of that is 74 with mechanisms of tree graph considered only. Further more, several schemes can be derived from each one of schemes with characteristics of tool change directions and types of tool magazine considered. The results of this work provide references for new multi-axis machining center’s development and layout design.
Laser Cladding ZrO2 Reinforced Coating and its Corrosive Wear Behavior in the Strong Alkaline Solution
Authors: Zhang S.C. , Li X. , Zhang J.
Published: December 2010

There were a large of the flowing through parts such as valve and slurry pump in production line of aluminum oxide. Because they were grinded and corroded by the strong alkalinity thick liquid of bauxite particles, their life was extremely shorten. So, the ZrO2/Ni60 composite coatings were manufactured by laser cladding. According to distribution state of particle phase, a set of optimum technological parameters recommended was 10.45g/min(powder feeding rate), 2.4mm/s(laser beam scan velocity), 2kW(laser power) and 60mm(defocusing amount), 5% ZrO2 (weight ratio). The M-200 abrasive tester was used to investigate the tribological behavior of the coating in strong alkaline solution (40%NaOH). As results showed, the friction and wear mechanisms of the coatings would be changed with test work condition, and the generating or dissolving of the protective passivity films on the surface of the friction pair was a dynamic state process, even as rotational speed was the high-velocity and load was the mediate load, existence could take effect in anti-wear of reinforced coating.
Geometrical Optimization Searching Algorithm for Evaluating Conicity Error
Authors: Lei X.Q. , Xue Yu Jun , Li Ji Shun , Ma Wei , Duan Ming De
Published: December 2010

A new algorithm of evaluating conicity error, named as geometrical optimization searching algorithm (GOSA), has been presented, according to the geometric characteristics of conicity error. The principle and steps of using this algorithm to solve the conicity error was described in detail. The mathematical formula and program flowchart were given. The optimization method and linearization method and uniform sampling did not adopt for this algorithm. The principle of the algorithm is that varying the position of the supposed ideal conical surface repeatedly according to pre-established transfer mode, calculating the distances between all measuring points and the supposed ideal conical surface and comparing the extreme differences among the distances at the same time, and thus the minimum zone method of conicity error is obtained. The experimental results show that the conicity error can be evaluated using this algorithm effectively and exactly.