bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation between rheological properties and the stress state in subducting slabs
Authors: Ishii Kazuhiko , Tahara Yuhi , Hirata Kyosuke , Wallis Simon R.
Published: January 2024

The distribution of different stress states in the subducting slab indicated by centroid moment tensor solutions for intra-slab earthquakes can help constrain the rheological properties of the slabs. A comparison of slabs in the western and eastern Pacific realms shows contrasting patterns in the stress states down to depths of ~ 350 km. The majority of slabs in the western Pacific show a pair of down-dip compression (DC) and down-dip tension (DT) domains in the upper and lower parts of the slab reflecting the effects of the slab unbending during progressive subduction. In contrast, slabs in the eastern Pacific show predominantly in-plane DT stress irrespective of slab geometry. Two-dimensional numerical simulations assuming constant slab thickness and viscosity indicate that the development of slabs with in-plane DT stress at depths of 100–300 km requires the slabs to be thin and have a low viscosity (1023 Pa s). Weak slabs bend easily and tend to fold when they encounter increased resistance to downward movement at the 660-km boundary. The associated DC stresses are not transmitted up the slab so negative buoyancy of the slab and DT stress dominates at intermediate depths for this type of slab. Most experimentally derived rheological parameters predict a high viscosity (> 1024 Pa s) for such slabs. However, two-dimensional numerical simulations using temperature- and pressure-dependent viscosity show that a relatively low activation energy (~ 110 kJ/mol) for diffusion creep is a possible explanation for the observed distribution of stresses in the slabs. Such low activation energies are compatible with recent experimental work on diffusion creep of polyphase mantle materials in which a low effective activation energy for creep results from a slow grain growth due to pinning effect of the secondary phase. The simulations provide a mechanical explanation for the observed dominantly DT stress state at 100–300 km depths for young slabs and paired DT and DC stress states at the same depth range for old slabs.

Graphical Abstract
Mapping the landscape of research on insulin resistance: a visualization analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Zyoud Sa’ed H.
Published: January 2024

Background

Insulin resistance, a condition in which cells do not respond adequately to insulin, plays a crucial role in diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) explore interventions to manage insulin resistance, contributing to evidence-based medical progress. The current study aimed to analyze the global research landscape and trends in RCTs targeting insulin resistance.

Methods

This study used bibliometric analysis and data visualization to examine RCT publications on insulin resistance from 2003 to 2022. The Scopus database was used due to its comprehensive coverage. The search strategy involved combining terms related to insulin resistance with RCT-related terms. The search query was validated, and core bibliometric indicators were used to analyze publication growth, origin, productivity, quality, and citations.

Results

Between 2003 and 2022, 1077 RCT-focused publications on insulin resistance were identified from a pool of 24,932 related articles. The growth followed two phases, with a significant increase after 2008. The USA (n = 308; 28.60%), Iran (n = 165; 15.32%), China (n = 110; 10.21%), and the UK (n = 92; 8.54%) were the main contributors. The active institutions included Tehran University of Medical Sciences (n = 38; 3.53%) and Harvard Medical School (n = 31; 2.88%). Prominent funding agencies include the National Institutes of Health (n = 88; 8.17%) and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (n = 86; 7.99%). The top journals included the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (n = 44; 4.09%) and Diabetes Care (n = 35; 3.25%). Co-occurrence analysis revealed three clusters addressing “utilizing lipid panels as indicators of insulin resistance,” “analyzing the impact of diet composition and physical activity on insulin sensitivity among obese individuals,” and “exploring insulin resistance in cases of polycystic ovary syndrome.”

Conclusions

This comprehensive bibliometric analysis highlights the global research landscape and trends in RCTs targeting insulin resistance. Research on lipid panels, diet impact, and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome will continue to be a hotspot. The findings offer valuable information on research priorities, international collaborations, and impactful publications. This study provides a foundation for future directorial investigations in this critical area of metabolic health.
Health Care Transitions Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer
Authors: Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Friedman Danielle Novetsky , Hudson Melissa M.
Published: January 2024

Survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers, defined as individuals diagnosed with a primary malignancy between age 15 and 39 years, are a growing population with unique developmental, psychosocial, and health-related needs. These individuals are at excess risk of developing a wide range of chronic comorbidities compared with the general population and, therefore, require lifelong, risk-based, survivorship care to optimize long-term health outcomes. The health care needs of survivors of AYA cancers are particularly complicated given the often heterogeneous and sometimes fragmented care they receive throughout the cancer care continuum. For example, AYA survivors are often treated in disparate settings (pediatric v adult) on dissimilar protocols that include different recommendations for longitudinal follow-up. Specialized tools and techniques are needed to ensure that AYA survivors move seamlessly from acute cancer care to survivorship care and, in many cases, from pediatric to adult clinics while still remaining engaged in long-term follow-up. Systematic, age-appropriate transitional practices involving well-established clinical models of care, survivorship care plans, and survivorship guidelines are needed to facilitate effective transitions between providers. Future studies are necessary to enhance and optimize the clinical effectiveness of transition processes in AYA cancer survivors.
Racial and Ethnic Inequities at the Practice and Physician Levels in Timely Next-Generation Sequencing for Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated in the US Community Setting
Authors: Vidal Gregory A. , Jain Neha , Fisher Aaron , Sheinson Daniel , Lofgren Katherine T. , Ma Esprit , Yu Elaine , Comment Leah , Miksad Rebecca , Sincan Murat , Martin Richard Lewis , Zuniga Richard , Daniel Davey
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE

Racial/ethnic inequities in next-generation sequencing (NGS) were examined for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) at the practice and physician levels to inform policies to improve equitable quality of care.

METHODS

This retrospective study used a nationwide electronic health record–derived deidentified database for patients with aNSCLC diagnosed between April 2018 and March 2022 in the community setting. Timely NGS was an NGS result between initial diagnosis and ≤60 days after advanced diagnosis. We studied how inequities were driven by (1) non-Latinx Black (Black) and Latinx patient under-representation at high testing practices versus (2) Black and Latinx patients being tested at lower rates than non-Latinx White (White) patients, even at the same practice. We defined these two concepts as across inequity and within inequity, respectively, with total inequity as their summation. Mean percentage point inequities were estimated using a Bayesian approach.

RESULTS

A total of 12,045 patients (9,981 White; 1,528 Black; 536 Latinx) met study criteria. At the practice level, versus White patients, the mean percentage point difference in NGS testing total inequity was 7.49 for Black and 8.26 for Latinx. Within- and across-practice inequities contributed to total inequity in NGS testing for Black (48%
v
52%) and Latinx patients (60%
v
40%). At the physician level, versus White patients, the mean percentage point difference in total inequity was 7.73 for Black and 8.81 for Latinx patients. Within- versus across-physician inequities contributed to total inequity for Black and Latinx patients (77%
v
23% and 67%
v
33%).

CONCLUSION

Within-practice, across-practice, and across-physician inequities were main contributors to total inequity in NGS testing, requiring a suite of interventions to effectively address inequities.
Impact of Petrobras' price policy change on the brazilian economy:
Authors: Fontenel Wimmer Danilo , Fernandes Vasconcelos Gláucia
Published: January 2024

This study examines the impacts on Brazilian inflation of the Petrobras price policy adopted in 2017, more specifically the transition to the Import Parity Price (IPP) policy in response to abrupt changes in West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil prices. Using the Vector Autoregression Model (VAR), it is observed that the Petrobras price policy and the IPP, played significant roles in transferring oil price fluctuations to inflation. Prior to the IPP, government interventions strove to curb inflation, with positive impacts on inflation after its adoption. The findings highlight the relevance of reevaluating the Petrobras price ‎ policy in 2023 in order to safeguard the company's interests and underpin the nation’s economic stability. This study contributes to discussions on fuel policies in Brazil and how significantly they affect the transport sector.
Έμφυλες αναπαραστάσεις σε δραματικά κείμενα για το θέατρο ανήλικων θεατών την περίοδο 2015-2021
Authors: Δημάκη-Ζώρα Μαρία , Χαραλάμπους Ασημίνα
Published: January 2024

Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά έρευνα σχετικά με την αναπαράσταση των φύλων σε δραματικά κείμενα που προορίζονται για κοινό ανήλικων θεατών. Βασίστηκε στη διπλωματική εργασία της Ασημίνας Χαραλάμπους, με επιβλέπουσα καθηγήτρια τη Μαρία Δημάκη-Ζώρα. Επιλέχθηκαν 20 πρωτότυπα θεατρικά έργα για ανήλικο κοινό, Ελλήνων και Ελληνίδων δραματουργών, τα οποία εκδόθηκαν κατά την περίοδο 2015-2021. Το ενδιαφέρον μας εστιάστηκε στον τρόπο που αναπαριστώνται τα φύλα, στην ύπαρξη έμφυλων στερεοτύπων και την τυχόν αναπαραγωγή ανισοτήτων. Επιπλέον, διερευνήσαμε τη διαχρονική παρουσία αυτού του είδους στερεοτύπων στον τρόπο αναπαράστασης των φύλων στη σύγχρονη ελληνική δραματουργία για ανήλικους θεατές. Τα συμπεράσματα στα οποία καταλήξαμε αναδεικνύουν ότι στη δραματουργία των τελευταίων ετών έχει υπάρξει κάποια πρόοδος στον τρόπο αναπαράστασης των φύλων, καθώς υπάρχουν έργα στα οποία το κορίτσι είναι το δρων υποκείμενο ή έχει θετικά χαρακτηριστικά, που παραδοσιακά ταυτίζονται με το ανδρικό φύλο. Δυστυχώς όμως, τα έργα αυτά αποτελούν εξαίρεση. Στη συντριπτική πλειονότητα των υπό εξέταση δραματικών κειμένων κυριαρχεί η στερεοτυπική αναπαράσταση του άνδρα και της γυναίκας, του αγοριού και του κοριτσιού και αναπαράγονται σεξιστικά πρότυπα και πατριαρχικές αντιλήψεις.
Οι απελευθερωτικές κινήσεις του 1797, οι Γάλλοι και ο Ρήγας
Authors: Koutzakiotis Georges
Published: January 2024

Les mouvements de libération de 1797, les Français et Rhigas. Une nouvelle lecture à partir de sources inexploitées

Jusqu’à ce jour les mouvements de libération grecs de 1797, qui comprennent évidemment le mouvement de Rhigas Velestinlis et de ses camarades, ont été présentés dans l’historiographie comme des initiatives d’individus ou de groupes isolés. Cette étude examine la relation de ces mouvements non seulement entre eux mais aussi avec les mouvements séparatistes des notables musulmans (ayan) Bus¸atlıs de Shkodër et Osman Pazvantoğlu de Vidin, ainsi que le rôle de Bonaparte et du Directoire dans ces mouvements. Cette approche se fonde principalement sur des témoignages inexploités jusqu’à présent, issus de la correspondance du consul de France à Trieste A. Bréchet et de journaux de Paris, de Francfort et de Wessel.
La Bibliothèque nationale au temps de Van Praet et de Coray
Authors: Perraky Vivi
Published: January 2024

Η Εθνική βιβλιοθήκη της Γαλλίας την εποχή του Van Praet και του Κοραή. Κανονισμοί, ανέκδοτες επιστολές, κατάστιχα δανεισμού, καταγραφή δανεισθέντων βιβλίων (1799-1833)

Στη μελέτη παρουσιάζονται πενήντα επιστολικά τεκμήρια του Κοραή προς τον Van Praet, διάσημο αρχιβιβλιοθηκάριο στο τμήμα των Εντύπων, «τον ζωντανό κατάλογο της Βιβλιοθήκης»· δύο προς τον Jomard, μέλος της επιτροπής για την Περιγραφή της Αιγύπτου, και ένα προς τον Dacier, τον Διευθυντή της Βιβλιοθήκης.Οι επιστολές –όλες υπογεγραμμένες ως «Coray» και όλες αυτόγραφες εκτός από εκείνη της 9ης Μαΐου 1812– ορίζουν μια νέα επιστολογραφική κατηγορία στο κοραϊκό πεδίο, που συγκροτείται από την πολύχρονη συναλλαγή μεταξύ του λόγιου κι ενός καίριου ακαδημαϊκού θεσμού.H ανάγνωσή τους αφενός φωτίζει περαιτέρω την πνευματική βιογραφία του Κοραή, αφετέρου προβάλλει ανάγλυφα τις κοινωνικές λειτουργίες της Βιβλιοθήκης που απορρέουν από τη μεγάλη θεσμοθετημένη παράδοση στη Γαλλία, η οποία πιστοποιείται ήδη από τον 15ο αιώνα: δηλαδή τον δανεισμό έργων από τη Βιβλιοθήκη τα οποία μπορούσε ο αναγνώστης να ζητήσει γραπτώς να τα πάρει και να τα μελετήσει εκτός του κτιριακού της χώρου. Αν και τα έντυπα αυτά είναι καταγεγραμμένα στα Kατάστιχα δανεισθέντων βιβλίων με παλαιούς ταξινομικούς κωδικούς, η νέα πολυσύνθετη μετατροπή τους σε σύγχρονους κωδικούς καθιστά δυνατή την ταυτοποίησή τους.Η ταυτοποιήση αυτή επιφυλάσσει εκπλήξεις όσον αφορά τα βιβλία που δανειζόταν ο Κοραής, όπως λόγου χάρη αυτά του Spinoza, και δίνει νέα στοιχεία για το καθημερινό βίωμα της φιλολογικής πράξης. Ένα από αυτά είναι η καινοτόμος τεχνική σχολιασμού του Κοραή: όταν τα περιθώρια ενός βιβλίου της Βιβλιοθήκης δεν επαρκούν για τις παρατηρήσεις του, συνεχίζει σε άλλα ανεξάρτητα φύλλα τα οποία προσκολλά με σφραγιστικό κερί. Στην κατοπινή βιβλιοδεσία του εντύπου αυτά τα φύλλα αποκολλήθηκαν και συρράφθηκαν στον τόμο, πράγμα που εξασφαλίζει την απρόσκοπτη διαφύλαξή τους, και μάλιστα στο ακριβές σημείο αναφοράς τους.Αν κι ο Κοραής είχε προβλέψει την επιστροφή post mortem των βιβλίων που είχε δανειστεί από τη Βιβλιοθήκη, και είχε γι’ αυτό επισημάνει στη διαθήκη του τη σύνταξη καταλόγου τους, οι ανασταλτικές συνθήκες της χολέρας του 1832 έδωσαν διαφορετική τροπή στην τελική παράδοσή τους.Η σύγκλιση της φιλολογικής πορείας του Κοραή με τους κανονισμούς που επιτρέπουν την πρόσβαση στο δανεισμό (98 δανεισθέντα έργα) συναρθρώνεται με την ιεραρχική συνθετότητα του ακαδημαϊκού κόσμου της Βιβλιοθήκης, προϊόν της ιστορικά διακεντρωμένης Scholarship στην Ευρώπη· μια δυναμική όπου εγγράφεται εξ ολοκλήρου η προσφορά τουΚοραή στη διασταύρωση δύο ισχυρών παραδόσεων: της διαρκώς επαναπροσδιοριζόμενης λογιοσύνης στη Δύση από τη μια, της συνεχούς εμπορο-ναυτιλιακής κεφαλαιοποίησης στην Ανατολή από την άλλη. Και όλα αυτά διαμεσολαβούνται από την υλικότητα των δανειστικών πρακτικών, η οποία συγκροτεί μορφή ιχνηλάτησης που διαβιβάζεται σε εμάς ως αρχειακή πηγή της εποχής των Van Praet και Κοραή.
Χρονικά - Ειδήσεις
Authors: Apostolopoulos Dimitris G. , Fafalios K. D. , Tabaki Anna
Published: January 2024

No abstract
Ευρετήριο
Authors: Eranistes Eranistes
Published: January 2024

No abstract
Le Glaneur - Table des matières
Authors: Eranistes Eranistes
Published: January 2024

No abstract
Οι ψυχοκοινωνικές δυνάμεις του θάρρους και της αισιοδοξίας: η συμβολή τους στην ενίσχυση της αυτο-αποτελεσματικότητας και στη διαμόρφωση της διαδικασίας λήψης επαγγελματικών αποφάσεων στους εφήβους
Authors: Χαροκοπάκη Αργυρώ , Κάμτσιος Σπυρίδων , Ρούβαλη Βασιλική
Published: January 2024

Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν η εξέταση των ψυχοκοινωνικών δυνάμεων του θάρρους και της αισιοδοξίας και η επίδρασή τους στη γενικευμένη αυτο-αποτελεσματικότητα και τη διαδικασία λήψης επαγγελματικών αποφάσεων. Περαιτέρω, η έρευνα αναζήτησε την επίδραση του φύλου και της τάξης φοίτησης στις προαναφερθείσες μεταβλητές. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 232 μαθητές/τριες δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης (112 μαθητές και 120μαθήτριες), οι οποίοι συμπλήρωσαν τα παρακάτω ερωτηματολόγια: (α) Κλίμακα Θάρρους (Νorton & Weiss, 2009), (β) Ερωτηματολόγιο για το Νόημα της Ζωής (Steger et al., 2006), (γ) Ερωτηματολόγιο Χαρακτηριστικών Λήψης Επαγγελματικής Απόφασης (Gati etal., 2010) και (δ) Κλίμακα Γενικευμένης Αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας (Jerusalem & Schwarzer, 1992).  Από τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης διαφάνηκε, αρχικά, η επίδραση του φύλου και της τάξης φοίτησης στην κλίμακα του θάρρους, στην αυτοαποτελεσματικότητα καθώς και σε ορισμένες υποκλίμακες του Ερωτηματολογίου Χαρακτηριστικών Λήψης Επαγγελματικής Απόφασης. Περαιτέρω, αναδείχθηκε η στατιστικά σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση του θάρρους με την γενικευμένη αυτοαποτελεσματικότητα και με τις υποκλίμακες «Ταχύτητα λήψης της τελικής απόφασης» και «Επιδίωξη για το ιδανικό επάγγελμα», τις οποίες μπορεί να προβλέψει θετικά και στατιστικά σημαντικά. Επίσης, αναδείχθηκε η αρνητική συσχέτιση του θάρρους με τις υποκλίμακες «Επιθυμία να ευχαριστήσεις τους άλλους-εξάρτηση» και «Αναζήτηση συμβουλής από άλλους» τις οποίες μπορεί να προβλέψει αρνητικά και στατιστικά σημαντικά. Η ψυχοκοινωνική δύναμη της αισιοδοξίας βρέθηκε να έχει θετική συσχέτιση με την υποκλίμακα «Συλλογή και επεξεργασία πληροφοριών» και τη γενικευμένη αυτοαποτελεσματικότητα τις οποίες μπορεί να προβλέψει θετικά. Τα ευρήματα της μελέτης συζητούνται προκειμένου για την αξιοποίησή τους στον σχεδιασμό παρεμβάσεων Επαγγελματικής Συμβουλευτικής που θα συντελέσουν στην ανάπτυξη, καλλιέργεια και αξιοποίηση των συγκεκριμένων ψυχοκοινωνικών δυνάμεων και θα διευκολύνουν την επαγγελματική ανάπτυξη των εφήβων.
Preferences for services in a patient’s first six months on antiretroviral therapy for HIV in South Africa and Zambia (PREFER): research protocol for a prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Maskew Mhairi , Ntjikelane Vinolia , Juntunen Allison , Scott Nancy , Benade Mariet , Sande Linda , Hasweeka Pamfred , Haimbe Prudence , Lumano-Mulenga Priscilla , Shakewelele Hilda , Mukumbwa-Mwenechanya Mpande , Rosen Sydney
Published: January 2024

Background For patients on HIV treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, the highest risk for loss from care remains the first six months after antiretroviral (ART) initiation, when patients are not yet eligible for differentiated service delivery (DSD) models that offer lower-burden, patient-centred care and thus improve treatment outcomes. To reduce early disengagement from care, the PREFER study will use a sequential mixed-methods approach to describe the characteristics, needs, concerns, and preferences of patients in South Africa and Zambia 0-6 months after ART initiation or re-initiation. Protocol PREFER is an observational, prospective cohort study of adults on ART for ≤6 months at 12 public healthcare facilities in Zambia and 18 in South Africa. Its objective is to describe and understand the needs and preferences of initiating and re-initiating ART clients to inform the design of DSD models for the early HIV treatment period, improve early treatment outcomes, and distinguish the barriers encountered by naïve patients from those facing re-initiators. It has four components: 1) survey of clients 0-6 months after ART initiation (identify characteristics and preferences of clients starting ART); 2) follow up through routinely collected medical records for <24 months after enrollment (describe resource utilization and patterns and predictors of engagement in care); 3) focus group discussions and discrete choice experiment (explore reported barriers to and facilitators of retention); and 4) in South Africa only, collection of blood samples (assess the prevalence of ARV metabolites indicating prior ART use). Conclusions PREFER aims to understand why the early treatment period is so challenging and how service delivery can be amended to address the obstacles that lead to early disengagement from care. It will generate information about client characteristics and preferences to help respond to patients’ needs and design better strategies for service delivery and improve resource allocation going forward.
System-Based Protection Method for High-Voltage Pulse Generator Switching Units in Biomass Electroporation
Authors: Golberg Alexander , Levkov Klimentiy
Published: January 2024

Background High-voltage pulsed electric field (PEF) technology has emerged as a promising technique for enhancing cell membrane permeabilization for biotechnological and medical applications. Given the parametric instability and low resistivity of biomass when used it as an electrical load, it is imperative for the switching unit to meet specific requirements in terms of load capacity and protection against overloads and short circuits. Methods To construct generators capable of producing high-voltage pulses in the microsecond and millisecond duration ranges, we are incorporating a switching unit that employs a hardware-software method to safeguard critical transistors against overloads and short-circuit currents. Our strategy revolves around utilizing the energy storage capacitor (ESC) both as a means of energy storage and as a current sensor. By monitoring the voltage drop during discharge, we can accurately estimate current parameters. The occurrence of an excessively rapid discharge from the ESC serves as an indicator of a short circuit. The microcontroller calculates ESC discharge limits based on preset parameters within a defined timeframe. Should this limit be exceeded, the system promptly interrupts to address the pulse responsible for the short circuit and halts the further supply of remaining pulses to the load. This sophisticated approach ensures the protection and integrity of the system in the face of potential overloads or short circuits. Results Applying a systemic approach in the design of the presented implementation of protection for key transistors in the switching node from overload and short-circuit current for high-voltage pulse generators (HVPG) in the microsecond and millisecond duration ranges allows for a simpler circuit solution. In this case, the system approach also provides a unified control principle when implementing the considered option for organizing protection, regardless of the number and type of transistors or solid-state switching modules used and connected in parallel. Conclusions The configuration and protective circuitry presented in the article are specifically tailored for shielding switching elements from short-circuit currents, with a primary focus on their application in high-voltage pulse generators (HVPG). These generators are commonly employed in the high-voltage pulse treatment of diverse and unstable loads during the electroporation of biomass. The technical solution expounded in the article is intended for use in the switching nodes of HVPG, particularly those with discharge circuits constructed based on a direct capacitive discharge scheme. Notably, this protection configuration introduces local innovation and is characterized by the circuit's simplicity, achieved through the effective utilization of existing system resources. This protective variant for HVPG switches is particularly well-suited for devices utilized in versatile technological installations with relatively lower performance levels.
Uncovering the two conceptions of the linguistic sign in Saussure’s lectures: An epistemological inquiry with comments on translational equivalence
Authors: Wąsik Zdzisław
Published: January 2024

The principal object of this study is constituted by two epistemologically distinct models of Ferdinand de Saussure’s depictions of the linguistic sign. The first model pertains to a bilateral conception of the sign as an inseparable unity of two sides that evoke each other in the mind of individuals during their speaking and understanding activities. The second model, termed here as ‘unilateral conception’, has been deduced from Saussure’s understanding of parole, where an idea establishes itself in a sound and a sound becomes the sign for an idea. A survey of related terminological distinctions derived from logic and philosophy as well as linguistic semiotics seems indispensable for presenting the positions of these bilateral and unilateral sign concepts in a typological matrix which could embrace all sign models originating in the sciences of language. The additional purpose of this study is to put forward the idea of epistemological equivalence to be achieved in translational practice. This supplementary focus of interest in particular concentrates around the question of how the translations of sign-related terms, selected from Cours de linguistique générale, reflect the epistemological awareness of their English-speaking translators.
Artistic communication as an object of semiotics and linguistic aesthetics
Authors: Feshchenko Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The paper addresses the concept of artistic communication as a type of semiotic interaction in the discourses of art. Semiotic methodologies for modelling the sign and the communicative act, developed in the works of Gottlob Frege, Gustav Shpet, Jan Mukařovský, Roman Jakobson, Juri Lotman, Umberto Eco, Suren Zolyan, and some other semioticians, are discussed with a focus on the models of aesthetic sign and the corresponding models of semiosis in relation to artistic systems. The study focuses on the discourses of verbal art in its various manifestations (poetry, prose, drama, performance, spoken word, etc.) as material for a linguistic analysis of artistic communication. The paper specifically discusses the linguistic representations of artistic discourse within a model of aesthetic semiosis. The resulting model of artistic communication in verbal art is presented as a synthesis of Jakobson’s scheme of communicative act and its important specification in Lotman’s model of “literary communication”. Based on the existing models of sign, semiosis, and communication (taking Jakobson’s scheme as the main framework), a synthetic, linguo-aesthetic model of artistic communication is outlined, considering together the linguistic, semiotic, and aesthetic parameters of the artistic act.
The Privacy Paradox and Optimal Bias–Variance Trade-offs in Data Acquisition
Authors: Liao Guocheng , Su Yu , Ziani Juba , Wierman Adam , Huang Jianwei
Published: January 2024

Whereas users claim to be concerned about privacy, often they do little to protect their privacy in their online actions. One prominent explanation for this privacy paradox is that, when an individual shares data, it is not just the individual’s privacy that is compromised; the privacy of other individuals with correlated data is also compromised. This information leakage encourages oversharing of data and significantly impacts the incentives of individuals in online platforms. In this paper, we study the design of mechanisms for data acquisition in settings with information leakage and verifiable data. We design an incentive-compatible mechanism that optimizes the worst case trade-off between bias and variance of the estimation subject to a budget constraint, with which the worst case is over the unknown correlation between costs and data. Additionally, we characterize the structure of the optimal mechanism in closed form and study monotonicity and nonmonotonicity properties of the marketplace.

Funding: This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 62202512 and 62271434], Shenzhen Science and Technology Program [Grant JCYJ20210324120011032], Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [Grant 2021B1515120008], Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Crowd Intelligence Empowered Low-Carbon Energy Network [Grant ZDSYS20220606100601002], and the Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society. This work is also supported by the National Science Foundation [Grants CNS-2146814, CPS-2136197, CNS-2106403, and NGSDI-2105648].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2023.0022 .
Effect of Banana Bark and Cow's Blood Meal Compost on the Green Lettuce Plants (Lactuca sativa L.) Growth
Authors: Pratiwi Ambar , Wulandari Ayu
Published: January 2024

Green lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a vegetable crop that is in great demand by the public, but its production is relatively low so that it cannot meet the high market demand. One of the efforts to increase the production of green lettuce plants is by applying organic fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of C, N, P, K elements, the effect of compost application for growth and optimal dosage. The research method used a complete randomized design (CRD) four treatments namely Control, A (dose of 60 g), B (dose of 120 g) and C (dose of 180 g) with 5 replications. Data from the study were analyzed using the Anova test, significant data continued with the DMRT 5% further test. Testing the effect with simple liner regression analysis. The results showed that compost gave a blackish brown color after 35 days and had no odor and obtained nutrient values of C (41,77%), N (6,92%), P (0,09%) and K (0,12%). The treatment of compost variations produced plant height of 26,80 cm, number of leaves of 10,60 leaf, plant wet weight of 22,40 gram, root weight of 0,57 gram, root length of 12,94 cm leaf area of 130,06 cm² with significant results, while chlorophyll A (0,19 mg/L) and total (0,616 mg/L) levels had insignificant results. The conclusion of the research is that the compost of banana stalks and cow blood meal contains C by 41,77%, Total N by 6,92%, Total P by 0,09% and Total K by 0,12%. Banana pith compost and cow blood flour had a significant effect on all parameters of green lettuce plant growth except leaf chlorophyll content at the most optimal dose was treatment A (dose of 60 g).
Spodoptera frugiperda J.E SMITH Attack on Non-Maize Crops in Bantul Regency
Authors: Putri Tasya Triana , Putra Ichsan Luqmana Indra
Published: January 2024

Spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous insect that has a main host of corn plants and attacks corn plants in the vegetative to generative phase. Besides corn, S. frugiperda has been reported to have other alternative host plants. The purpose of this study was to analyze the type of S. frugiperda attack most often found on alternative host plants and analyze the types of plants other than corn that are most often used as alternative hosts by S. frugiperda in Bantul Regency. This research was conducted in Bantul Regency in January-April 2023. Samples were taken from two villages from each sub-district in Bantul Regency. The research was conducted using survey method to determine the village as the research location and purposive method for sampling the alternative host plants. Samples taken were plants around corn fields with symptoms of S. frugiperda attack in the form of perforated leaves or traces of feces from feeding activities or S. frugiperda egg packages. The results of this study showed that 29 plant species from 13 families were attacked by S. frugiperda in Bantul Regency. The most common type of S. frugiperda attack was bite marks (60%). The most commonly attacked plant species came from the Poaceae family, namely elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum). The conclusion of this study is that S. frugiperda has attacked plants other than corn in 17 sub-districts in Bantul Regency.
Projetando para emoções e relações: um novo paradigma no design contemporâneo
Authors: De Assunção Neves Renata , Damazio Vera Maria
Published: January 2024

A evolução do design se manifesta em uma abordagem colaborativa e relacional, impulsionada por mudanças de paradigmas na sociedade contemporânea. Designers exploram a interconexão digital promovida pela web 2.0 e aprofundam a compreensão das necessidades humanas, considerando aspectos individuais, sociais e emocionais. A pesquisa explora a mudança em direção a um paradigma de design colaborativo e relacional, enfatizando seu impacto no design emocional e propondo novos caminhos para pesquisa e prática. Esse paradigma promove soluções mais impactantes, destacando a importância dos relacionamentos positivos e da emodiversidade humana. Com isso, o design relacional poderá atender às complexas demandas da sociedade, buscando benefícios individuais e coletivos.
Call to action on diabetes care: reaching communities facing health inequalities, health inequities and deprivation
Authors: Phillips Anne
Published: January 2024

This article presents evidence and policy on the importance of reaching out into local communities with inclusive approaches to try to reduce and prevent inequities and inequalities in diabetes care. The global emergency diabetes is causing and the risks and disproportionately high ethnic disparities are investigated. The article includes some suggestions on changing approaches to reduce health inequalities to enable diabetes care to become more accessible for those who need it the most.
Competency versus proficiency: trying to develop an understanding of these terms in the context of practice learning
Authors: Roberts Debbie , Forde-Johnston Carol
Published: January 2024

The language of nurse education in the UK has shifted from ‘competency’ to ‘proficiency’ since 2018. The shift in language has been poorly articulated leaving individual higher education institutions, practice supervisors and assessors to interpret what these terms mean in relation to assessing student nurses. There appeared to be some confusion regarding the interpretation of the term proficiency among those who engaged in an exchange on the topic via Twitter. Students may focus on the procedure-based checklists within the standards. The relationship between proficiency and implementing a person-centred approach to care remains unclear.
Why we all need to speak up
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: January 2024

Sam Foster, Executive Director of Professional Practice, Nursing and Midwifery Council, considers the Freedom to Speak Up report and its importance in ensuring patient and staff safety
Keeping your energy levels high
Authors: Humphrey Tara
Published: January 2024

Tara Humphreys recommends the best ways to feel energised for work and life.
At home in the biome
Authors: Lloyd-Rees Kimberley
Published: January 2024

Kimberley Lloyd-Rees emphasises the importance of supporting healthy flora in the mouth.
Multidimensional child poverty in South Korea: developing measures to assess progress towards the sustainable development goals
Authors: Weon Soyoon , Pomati Marco , Nandy Shailen
Published: January 2024

This article presents the development of a measure to assess the prevalence and patterning of multidimensional child poverty in South Korea. The first goal of UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to reduce poverty in all its dimensions, and countries are increasingly developing their own measures of multidimensional poverty. This flourishing of different measures presents challenges for international comparisons. The article applies an internationally-validated method of assessing multidimensional poverty to demonstrate its suitability for use in a high-income Asian economy. Multidimensional child poverty is assessed by combining data on child material deprivation with their household income. Using data from the 2018 Korean National Children Survey, we show that child material deprivation is higher (15%) than income poverty (12%). When measured using a combined measure of material deprivation and income, around one in every three children in Korea were found to be either poor or vulnerable to poverty. These findings show that the official monetary poverty measure on its own may understate the percentage of children unable to afford necessities in Korea, as envisioned by international targets like the SDGs. In terms of policy, analysis of individual deprivations suggests that a combination of in-kind benefits such as vouchers for leisure activities or education and asset-building programmes as well as cash transfers are needed for tackling child poverty.
“Some Days It’s the Best Thing . . . Some Days It’s the Worst”: Gay College Men Living With HIV Navigating the Meanings of AIDS
Authors: Denton J. Michael
Published: January 2024

Abstract: This queer narrative study examined the stories of two gay college men living with HIV and their relationship to HIV/AIDS. Foucault’s technologies of the self served as the conceptual framework. Technologies of the self are practices, strategies, and narratives participants used to resist the stigma-tizing symbolic violence of AIDS. The men practiced different yet interlocking technologies of the self. They took partial control of the meaning of HIV/AIDS in ways that improved their lives and helped them navigate college. However, homophobic AIDS signifiers resulted in them taking personal responsibility for HIV/AIDS rather than understanding it as a structural inequity, which limited them personally and academically. Higher education environments were a place of stigma and support, leaving the men unsure of how to navigate oppressive environments on campus. Implications for reframing college student identity theory, addressing AIDS stigma on campus and beyond, and supporting students living with HIV are provided.
Raja Bongsu and the Sejarah Melayu : The Tragic Fate of an Ill-starred Prince of Johor (b. 1571–d. 1623)
Authors: Kheng Cheah Boon , Joraimi Faris , Borschberg Peter
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Sejarah Melayu , or Malay Annals, is arguable the most important piece of historical literature produced in or around the Malay Peninsula. Several manuscripts, some with significant variations, exist in archival collections. The identity of the author is an open question, and individuals tentatively identified as the author were apparently copyists, although some of them added or deleted material. The following article assesses the authorship of the Sejarah Melayu and the circumstances surrounding its composition. The tentative conclusion is that it was not composed as a single work but combines material from earlier manuscripts prepared by different authors.
LIBS combined with SG-SPXY spectral data pre-processing for cement raw meal composition analysis
Authors: Cai Yongqi , Ma Xiaoyu , Huang Bing , Zhang Rongfeng , Wang Xiaohong
Published: January 2024

Rapid testing of cement raw meal plays a crucial role in the cement production process, so there is an urgent need for a fast and accurate testing method. In this paper, a method based on the Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing and sample set partitioning based on joint x-y distance (SPXY) spectral data pre-processing is proposed to improve the accuracy of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique for quantitative analysis of cement raw meal components. Firstly, the spectral data is denoised by SG smoothing, which effectively reduces the noise and baseline variations in the spectra. Then, the denoised data is divided into sample sets by combining the SPXY sample division method, which improves the efficiency of data analysis. Finally, the delineated data set is modeled for quantitative analysis by a back-propagation (BP) neural network. Compared to the modeling effect of the four oxide contents of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3 in the Hold-Out method, the correlation coefficient (R) was improved by 26%, 10%, 17%, and 4%, respectively. The root mean square error (RMSE) was reduced by 47%, 33%, 43%, and 21%, respectively. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was reduced by 63%, 60%, 36%, and 51%, respectively. The results show that there is a significant improvement in the model effect, which can effectively improve the accuracy of quantitative analysis of cement raw meal composition by LIBS. This is of great significance for the real-time detection of cement raw meal composition analysis.
16QAM optical signal generation scheme based on weighted optimal Euclidean distance
Authors: Xie Rongzhen , Zhang Qi , Xin Xiangjun , Gao Ran , Wang Yun , Tian Qinghua , Tian Feng , Wang Yongjun , Wang Fu , Yang Leijing
Published: January 2024

A two-dimensional signal constellation scheme for binary uniform memoryless source transmission in optical fiber channels is studied in this paper. In geometric shaping (GS), optimization algorithms are usually used to change the overall position of constellation points while maintaining the probability of constellation points unchanged. Different optimization functions are used to allocate the position of constellation symbols, thereby improving constellation performance. A 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) optical signal generation scheme based on weighted optimal Euclidean distance is proposed in this paper. In order to obtain the best constellation diagram and increase the shaping gain, the weighted optimal Euclidean distance that can minimize the bit error rate (BER) over multiple iterative optimizations is used as the objective function. On the one hand, the proposed 16QAM optical signal generation scheme based on weighted optimal Euclidean distance always outperforms the uniform square 16QAM and the uniform circle 16QAM schemes in the back to back (BTB) transmission. On the other hand, after analyzing the simulation demonstration in a 50GBaud coherent optical communication system over 3000 km, results demonstrate that the optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) performance of this system is better than that of the uniform square 16QAM and the uniform circle 16QAM, which is improved by 0.52 dB and 0.85 dB, respectively. In addition, the proposed 16QAM system increases the transmission distance by 989 km and 741 km, respectively, compared to the other two systems. The performance confirms that the proposed novel 16QAM scheme, to the best of our knowledge, can effectively improve the reliability and transmission distance. Therefore, the proposed scheme has a certain development prospect in the future long-distance transmission of high-speed optical fiber communication.
High-speed target tracking control system based on short-time rotational reflection imaging
Authors: Liu Haoran , Kang Jiehu , Feng Luyuan , Zhang Jianwei , Fan Fei , Zhang Zhen , Sun Zefeng , Wu Bin
Published: January 2024

High-speed tracking technology has wide applications in the military and aerospace
industry. However, existing approaches, such as camera arrays or
Doppler radar systems, suffer from high cost and inconvenience. This
paper reports a high-speed target tracking control system based on
short-time rotational reflection imaging, specifically aimed at
overcoming certain limitations. In the system we designed, a
high-speed camera coupled with a rotating reflector is used to achieve
reliable high-speed target tracking. This paper first introduces the
working principle and mathematical model of the system, then analyzes
the key technologies, including motor response delay time and
rotational speed curve fitting, and, finally, verifies the feasibility
of the system and the correctness of the theory based on a series of
experiments. Experimental results demonstrated that our work is
efficient and accurate in target tracking and image clarity. The
developed system demonstrates significant potential for widespread use
across military and aerospace sectors. Furthermore, the insights
gained from our investigation into key technologies could act as a
reference point for fellow researchers in related scientific
areas.
Propagation properties of a partially coherent electromagnetic hyperbolic-sine-Gaussian vortex beam through anisotropic atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Cao Jin , Tang Rufeng , Huang Kai , Li Yuqiang , Xu Yonggen
Published: January 2024

Using the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle and the Rytov approximation, the analytical formula for the propagation of a partially coherent electromagnetic hyperbolic-sine-Gaussian vortex beam (PCEShVB) in anisotropic atmospheric turbulence has been theoretically derived. Detailed studies have been conducted on the evolution characteristics of the average intensity, the degree of coherence (DOC), and the degree of polarization (DOP) of the beam in turbulence. The results show that during propagation, the intensity distribution of the beam will exhibit a spiral structure, and the overall distribution of the light spots will rotate in a direction related to the sign of the topological charge. The DOC distribution of PCEShVB will display a pattern reminiscent of beam interference fringes with an increase in propagation distance, with the number of “interference fringes” greatly impacted by the hyperbolic sine parameter. Furthermore, PCEShVB with a large initial coherent length and hyperbolic sine parameter will increase the degree of separation of the spots and yield a large DOP. Finally, for the validation of the theoretical findings, the random phase screen method was employed to simulate the propagation of PCEShVB through anisotropic atmospheric turbulence. The studies revealed a consistent alignment between the simulation results and the theoretical predictions.
Metasurface-based circular polarizer with a controllable phase and its application in holographic imaging
Authors: Wu Rui , Jiang Kun , Jiang Xiquan , Xu Jilian , Yue Zhiyuan , Teng Shuyun
Published: January 2024

A diatomic circular polarizer based on a single-layered metasurface is proposed. This metasurface circular polarizer carries the controllable phase besides the desired circular dichroism, which is different from the existing circular polarizers. The diatoms contain two nanoholes equivalent to half-wave plates with a specified cross angle and a fixed phase difference. The alternative circular polarization transmission of this circular polarizer depends on the relative angular position of diatoms, and the controllable phase of this circular polarizer can be adjusted through rotating nanoholes. The generation of the optical vortex and holographic imaging verifies the polarization and phase manipulation of the diatomic circular polarizer. The numerical simulations and the experimental measurement give the powerful verification. Simple design, compact structure, and poly-functionality enable the wide applications of circular polarizer in integrated and polarized optics.
Stabilized two-mode squeezed coherent state of light
Authors: Yoon Tai Hyun , Chanseul Lee
Published: January 2024

We present a versatile method for producing two-mode stabilized squeezed coherent state (SSCS) of light with controllable nonclassicality. Our method involves seeding phase-coherent bichromatic fields into a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (OPO), where the global phase difference $\Phi$ between the bichromatic seed and pump fields plays a central role. When $\Phi=2n\pi$, where $n$ is an integer, we show that the two-mode SSCS has its nonclassical measure at its minimum possible value with an effective displacement that compensates for single-photon losses with injected photons. As a result, the SSCS has a larger mean photon number and controllable nonclassicality compared to an OPO without seed fields. We also show that near-perfect squeezing level can be obtained at that effective displacement without being subject to injection rates. We believe that the proposed quantum source of two-mode SSCS with controllable nonclassicality would be useful for continuous-variable photonic quantum information processing.