bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Kompos Jerami Padi Guna Memperbaiki Kesuburan Tanah dan Hasil Padi
Authors: Muliarta I Nengah
Published: January 2022

Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk meneliti dampak kombinasi kompos jerami padi dan pupuk anorganik (phonska) terhadap kesuburan tanah dan hasil tanaman padi. Padi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan benih padi varietas Ciherang. Penelitian dilakukan dalam wadah pot dengan ukuran diameter 24 cm dan dengan tinggi 26 cm. Setiap pot diberikan tanah 8 kg, dengan kualitas kompos yang digunakan yaitu memiliki pH sebesar 7,58, kadar air sebesar 11, 79%, rasio C/N sebesar 16,50, Kandungan C-organik sebesar 27,84%,  N sebesar 1,69, kandungan P sebesar 0,23% dan K yaitu 5,04%. Kombinasi kompos jerami padi dan phonska yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu P0 (0% kompos + 0% phonska), P1 (0% kompos + 100% phonska), P2 (20% kompos + 80% phonska), P3 (40% kompos + 60% phonska),  P4 (60% kompos + 40% phonska) dan P5 (80% kompos + 20% phonska). Penelitian dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Hasilnya kombinasi kompos dan pupuk phonska meningkatkan parameter fisik, biologi dan kimia tanah, namun belum mampu mengubah status kesuburan tanah. Pemanfaatan kompos yang dikombinasikan pupuk anorganik juga memberikan hasil sama dengan 100% phonska.  Dimana kombinasi dosis 60% kompos + 40% phonska memberikan hasil berat gabah kering giling tertinggi dibandingkan kombinasi lainnya.Utilization of Rice Straw Compost To Improve Soil Fertility and Rice ResultsAbstract. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a combination of rice straw compost and inorganic fertilizer (phonska) on soil fertility and rice crop yields. The rice used in this study is the rice seed of the Ciherang variety. The research was conducted in a pot container with a diameter of 24 cm and with a height of 26 cm. Each pot is given 8 kg of soil, with the quality of compost used which has a pH of 7.58, the water content of 11.79%, C/N ratio of 16.50, C-organic content of 27.84%, N of 1.69, P content of 0.23% and K of 5.04%. The combination of rice straw compost and phonska used in this study is P0 (0% compost + 0% phonska), P1 (0% compost + 100% phonska), P2 (20% compost + 80 % phonska), P3 (40% compost + 60% phonska), P4 (60% compost + 40% phonska) and P5 (80% compost + 20% phonska). The study with 6 treatments and 4 replays used a randomized design group (RAK). As a result, the combination of compost and inorganic fertilizer (phonska) improves the physical, biological, and chemical parameters of the soil, but has not been able to change the fertility status of the soil. The utilization of compost combined with inorganic fertilizer also gives the same result as 100% phonska.  Where a combination dose of 60% compost + 40% phonska gives the highest dry grain weight results compared to other combinations.
Hubungan kadar kolesterol darah dengan risiko terjadinya preeklamsia
Authors: Martilova Sonia , Samara Tjam Diana
Published: January 2022

Preeklamsia menjadi penyulit 2-8% kehamilan yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan mortalitas dan morbiditas maternal di seluruh dunia. Preeklamsia ditandai dengan timbulnya hipertensi yang disertai proteinuria setelah usia kehamilan 20 minggu. Hipertensi dan gejala lain dari preeklamsia mungkin terjadi tanpa adanya proteinuria. Preeklamsia memiliki patofisiologi yang kompleks, disfungsi endotel vaskular yang ditemukan pada preeklamsia diasumsikan terkait dengan kondisi dislipidemia, terutama hipertrigliseridemia. Pada awal kehamilan terjadi peningkatan kadar trigliserida ibu yang diikuti oleh peningkatan low-density protein (LDL) dan kemudian akan diimbangi dengan peningkatan high-density protein (HDL) yang berfungsi sebagai antiinflamasi pada pembuluh darah. Namun, pada kehamilan dengan preeklamsia, hal tersebut tidak terjadi. Kajian pustaka ini mencoba menelusuri beberapa studi terkait perubahan kadar kolesterol darah pada awal kehamilan sebagai risiko terjadinya preeklamsia. Berdasarkan studi yang ditinjau, seluruh studi menunjukkan trigliserida meningkat signifikan pada awal kehamilan yang kemudian menjadi preeklamsia. Seperti yang terjadi pada kondisi normal, peningkatan trigliserida dalam darah yang diimbangi dengan peningkatan HDL ternyata tidak ditemukan pada kehamilan yang mengalami preeklamsia. Kajian pustaka ini menyimpulkan, adanya perubahan kolesterol pada awal kehamilan berkaitan dengan risiko terjadinya preeklamsia. Melakukan pengukuran kadar kolesterol darah pada awal kehamilan (≤20 minggu) dapat menjadi petunjuk awal preeklamsia.
Attitude and Motivation in L2 Learning among Ummaster Students
Authors: (Alex) Xiang Yang
Published: January 2022

This mini research was conducted among UM (University of Malaya) students, in particular, non-English major master students. The research was under the main purpose of figuring out a quite simple question: with the same amount of time, learning opportunity and environmental factor, what makes some people acquire and learn the language betterthan the others? A quick answer is that ‘some people have the gift of languages, others do not,” and the intriguing search for the gift or the so called ‘knack’ by Gardner and Lambert (1972) mentioned that attitude and motivation could be the key to successful language learning.The hypothesis implies that learners with a positive attitude and high level of motivation, be it instrumental or integrative, will be successful in developing proficiency in the language provided with the strong set of verbal aptitude and intelligence. A questionnaire was delivered to about 20 UM master students for the research purpose, which revealed and confirmed the hypothesis in the sense that learners who were highly and positively involved in their English proficiency had positive attitude and highly motivated towards learning English. This study involved the correlation of various explanations for the apparent findings of the study. The findings led to a reconceptualization of attitude and motivation: The scope of these socio-affective factors can be seen from a learner’s standpoint and also, through its pedagogical implications.
The Role of the Gestalt Theory in Understanding Persian Architectural Masterpieces, Case Study: Fin-Garden of Kashan
Authors: Mahdavinejad Mohammadjavad , Rostam Nasim Gholami , Mahdavi Sepide
Published: January 2022

Gestalt theory is one of the most effecting theories. This theory has been used in different fields but until now it is not used about Iranian architecture. Absence of researches about Iranian architecture according to gestalt theory, making analysis shows more up. So present research meantime of explaining gestalt theory and it’s connection with landscape architect means proceed to gestalt theory in this field. The fundamental research questions are: What concepts can be explained according to gestalt? does we able to analyze the historical gardens via this theory? What dimensions will be emphasized more based on gestalt theory about analysis of historical garden? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this theory? To answer these questions, in field theory the research methodology: ”logical reasoning” and in field analysis samples; the research methodology “the diffusion of using combination strategies” are used. After reviewing gestalt theory and expressing the theoretical concepts, concepts related to this theory, in a sample like “Fin-Garden” in Kashan is putting to the analysis. Studies show that, although many years have passed from gestalt theory, they are useful and can be used for landscape architecture and it can unclear aspects of Iranian landscape architecture and putting on recognition.
The Different Types of Delinquent Behavior in the Hospitality Industry. Case Study from Greece
Authors: Moira Polyxeni , Mylonopoulos Dimitrios , Vasilopoulou Panagiota
Published: January 2022

Delinquent behavior in hotels is well known both to the hotel industry professionals as well as to the customers. The particularity of hotels being considered to provide a "hospitable" and discreet environment, tranquility and security, prevents the disclosure of the incidents of delinquency that occur in them. In Greece, as well as abroad, despite the fact that delinquent acts are known to occur constantly in hotels, nonetheless the facts do not easily go public, and there seems to exist no hotel department responsible for systematically and 'scientifically' managing the cases in question. This study aims to record and classify the incidents of delinquent behavior occurring in the Greek hospitality industry through primary research conducted at hotels throughout Greece. In parallel, a record was created, of the way the incidents were handled, who was the person that managed such incidents, the existence -or not- of staff training, the employment of security personnel, whether the assistance of the police was required or not, communication management of the incidents, etc. The survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires in combination with structured interviews with hotels’ executives. The results demonstrate the existence of all kinds of delinquency such as theft, drug use/ abuse, prostitution, fraud, domestic violence, etc. Due to the lack of systematic research in Greek hotels for the phenomena of delinquent behavior and ways of their management, combined with the location, the type, the seasonality and the size of the enterprise, a new survey is proposed to be conducted by means of a targeted research involving scientists originating from the field of social and legal sciences, management, psychology, etc. in order to provide a comprehensive picture of the problem and methodology to tackle the issue.
Some Aspects about Financial Knowledge of Undergraduate Students
Authors: Moreno-García Elena , García-Santillán Arturo , Munguía-Tiburcio Juan Pablo
Published: January 2022

The purpose of study is to measure the level of financial literacy of accounting students at the Universidad Veracruzana; campus Mocambo, considering that financial education is the knowledge that people have on financial issues in order to solve everyday problems regarding financial management. The variables analyzed include age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, learning styles and student’s perceptions on financial services, the way they take care of their money and their knowledge of five key financial issues. Three hypotheses were raised, therefore, in order to test H1 we performed a factorial analysis with an extracted principal component; to H1.a the statistical procedure of linear correlation of Pearson r and t test are applied, and to H2 a Z test is performed. Although the theory suggests that the level of higher education gives the student a better understanding of the financial issues, this research however, proves otherwise. In fact, the range of “excellent money management” is below 50%. The findings suggest that there is no a good level of financial literacy in the population studied. This fact is contrary to expectations, because the student who studies public accountant is expected to have financial knowledge in these subjects, all this, in considering the subjects which integrates the curriculum related to the field of finance. Therefore this finding should be an important indicator for the academic authorities of the Universidad Veracruzana for corrective actions in this respect.
Invigorating Entrepreneurial Spirit among Workforce
Authors: Aned O Al Mutairi , Alya O Al Mutairi
Published: January 2022

With the key intent of stimulating entrepreneurial spirit among the workforce, this paper identifies the diverse entrepreneurial qualities required to propel the entrepreneurial spirit unremittingly. These relevant personal skills and strategies of New Venture Creation further aid in the successful creation and subsequent maintenance of an entrepreneur business. Prior to application of the identified skills, this paper vividly demonstrates the importance of such skills to any entrepreneurial business entity. This helps in New Venture Creation whilst aiding the businesses’ sustainability. Therefore, the through proper application of the knowledge attained as well as skills identified, the entrepreneur manages to depict dynamism by consistently exploring different entrepreneurial opportunities. Although these skills tremendously boost the entrepreneur’s spirit, they also create opportunities for the business to explore new and diverse opportunities thus circling back to enhancing entrepreneurial spirit. Furthermore, the paper seeks to make out the possible ways of constantly improving these entrepreneurial skills and in turn encouraging their adoption and consequent utilization among workforce. Further incorporation of knowledge attained from research projects on organizational climate, management support and reward and resource availability similarly focuses the paper to invigorating entrepreneurial spirit among workforce.
Marketing Location as a Key Determinant for Inflow of Direct Investments into Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Smajlović Ermina , Kamarić Alma , Ninić Boro
Published: January 2022

The analysis of realized investments of individual regions and sub-regions opens up a question of relevant factors upon which foreign investors make decisions about investments into a certain location. Therefore, the objective of this paper is the theoretical elaboration of starting factors and determinants of foreign capital attractions, as well as, the observation of effects of marketing location on investment realisation. Identification of key motives, as well as the determination of the level of their significance in realisation of foreign investments into Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereinafter B&H), is necessary in order to define the effect of incentive measures for investment realisation. The results, presented in this paper, are gathered through primary research of companies formed by realisation of foreign investments into B&H (written structured survey). The data has been gathered on basis of a simple random sample made up of 30 surveyed, that is, 30 companies from B&H territory that occurred as a result of the realisation of foreign direct investments (hereinafter FDI) in our country. The research results show that B&H, regardless of its unstable political situation, poor investment climate, complex government structure, has an exceptional potential for the increase of FDI inflow, and that it is still attractive to foreign investors due to its technical-technological know-how, its natural resources, as well as is qualified and educated labour force.
Performance Based Budgeting System Design in Universitas Sebelas Maret
Authors: Hananto Santosa Tri , Kurniasih Lulus , Ramadhan Adi Firman
Published: January 2022

Performance based budgeting requires information system in order to attain its goal. Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) has used the combination system of performance based budgeting and traditional budgeting. The objective of this research is to design application software that is useful for UNS in its budgeting process. This research analyzes system application of performance based budgeting. The system design consists of output design, document design, and input design. Output design of performance based budgeting consists of Planning Report, Financial Statement, and Performance Report. These reports supposed to be integrated. In document design, all files should be documented by the Development Plan Team. The final design is input design, which concern about planning and activities process.
Equilibrium of E-Channel Relationship and Decisions
Authors: Hsu Huei-Chen , Chen Hui-Chu , Tsai Li-Fen , Liu Sheng-Wen
Published: January 2022

The Web2.0 model has aroused vast attention as it alters the traditional role of consumers’ purchase behavior. This paper examines the problems of E-Channel coordination; the focus of this paper is that completely measures the utility function and the “maximally” separating equilibrium diverse choice alternatives. The impact of complexity on consumer choice combines to affect the consistency of consumers’ choices is not well understood. The low quality products distribute through retailers with no reputation Channel of distribution consists of different channel members’ decision. Therefore, the authors found that even if low quality manufacturers have no reputation of their products, they can signal quality by posting the reputation of high reputation of retailers.
Effect of Exchange Rate Volatility on Exports in Nigeria: A Test of Cochrane-Orcutt Technique
Authors: Sa’idu Bello Malam
Published: January 2022

This paper examines the dynamic effects of exchange rate fluctuations on exports in Nigeria. To achieve the set objectives, classical least square and Cochrane-Orcutt technique were applied. Results revealed that exchange rate volatility and foreign income have positive and significant effect on exports, while relative prices exert negative and significant effect on exports. This implies that, a unit rise in exchange rate volatility and foreign income, coincidentally both lead to increase in exports by eightfold. Consequently, government should strengthen the Naira to minor spirals, attract foreign income flow, and promote export goods, among others. Foreign income flow could be attracted via private investment of export goods, transforming them to semi-processed form thereby improving exports prices, values and volume in the country.
ROSCAS Remain Strong in India Despite Greater Financial Inclusion
Authors: Bramhandkar Alka , Zuckerman Mary Ellen
Published: January 2022

We begin this paper by summarizing various studies which used surveys and economic models to describe the characteristics and benefits of the old tradition of ROSCAs which is prevalent in many developing countries around the world. These studies also document the types of draws and the factors that motivate people to participate in a ROSCA. We expand the information on this tradition in a state in India where ROSCA is referred to as bhishi. During the month of January 2013, we interviewed (in-person & over the telephone) several regular participants living in two metro areas in the State of Maharashtra, namely, Mumbai & Pune. Another smaller city of Miraj was also included. The findings from the interviews in India are illustrative of the creative ways people have taken the old, money-based idea of bhishi and interwoven it with the fabric of social and cultural traditions. It is being kept alive to build and strengthen relationships among friends, relatives, and neighbors. Incorporating the fun dimensions ranging from enjoying different cuisine to taking trips into the old tradition seems to maintain its popularity. This behavior is noteworthy especially with India’s recent entry into the world market as an emerging economic power. Although people with lower incomes still value bhishi in its traditional role as a saving vehicle (and occasionally as a lender of last resort), most middle and upper-income earners strongly believe in this modern evolution of an old tradition and are committed to continue it.
The Inclination of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Students towards Entrepreneurship
Authors: Nazri Mior Nasir Mior , Hamid Zarinah , Muslim Herna
Published: January 2022

The lack of innovation in human capital in terms of quality and quantity as well as the significant brain drain has retarded the progress of Malaysia towards becoming a developed country by 2020. In view of this situation, the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) of Malaysia has assigned the National Coordination Taskforce for Innovation (NCTI) to develop an innovative human capital (IHC) at tertiary level. One of the key elements in the IHC implementation plan is to enhance the entrepreneurial skills through education. The objective of this study is to investigate the perception and reception of non-business students on entrepreneurship education at the Faculty of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). It examines the level of students’ inclination towards becoming entrepreneurs and their interest to learn entrepreneurial skills. The survey utilizes 96 usable responses of third and fourth year students from the faculty. The primary data consists of a set of survey questionnaires which include entrepreneurial intention, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms of entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control over entrepreneurship, the influence of faculty on entrepreneurial behavior and the entrepreneurship learning propensity. It provides some insights on the factors influencing ICT students to venture into entrepreneurship. It also suggests measures on the importance of graduates to become successful entrepreneurs and be less dependent on employers.
Evaluation of Conservation Costs and Benefits of Developing Conservation Strategies
Authors: N. O Olanipekun
Published: January 2022

Due to environmental degradation, depletion and overexploitation of natural resources caused by human activities resulted in development of strategies for conservation of species, habitats and resource. Hence, this paper thus examines the advantages of financial investment and critical elements associated with creating strategies for the conservation of various species. Interdependent to one another are fish, wildlife species, natural habitats as well as natural resources. It rightly observed that the most efficient environmental benefits will be gained through understanding of economic aspects of the costs side of biodiversity which will lead to novel and creative ways. The paper, therefore, concludes that it is better to recognize and incorporate costs at the outset of the planning process, rather than belatedly incur the higher costs of a less efficient plan.
Strategic Communication: Impact on Productivity and Company Image
Authors: Akuamoah-Boateng Irene , Domfeh Kwame A
Published: January 2022

Business communication is the exchange of business related ideas and information in a specific manner to achieve the goals of organizations and dependent on reflective listening. The objective of this research is to determine the impact of communication on the productivity and image of organisations using Ghana Ports and Harbors Authority. Convenient sampling technique was used in selecting forty respondents, comprising of employees from eight departments. Questionnaires were administered to the respondents to get the needed information. It was identified that communication has a negative effect on productivity whiles it has a positive effect on company image since the company focuses more on external communication than internal communication. It was proposed that management should concentrate on effective communication in order to enhance its image and productivity.
Quantile Generalized Additive Model a Robust Alternative to Generalized Additive Model
Authors: Tobechukwu Nwakuya Maureen
Published: January 2022

Nonparametric regression is an approach used when the structure of the relationship between the response and the predictor variable is unknown. It tries to estimate the structure of this relationship since there is no predetermined form. The generalized additive model (GAM) and quantile generalized additive (QGAM) model provides an attractive framework for nonparametric regression. The QGAM focuses on the features of the response beyond the central tendency, while the GAM focuses on the mean response. The analysis was done using gam and qgam packages in R, using data set on live-births, fertility-rate and birth-rate, where, live-birth is the response with fertility-rate and birth-rate as the predictors. The spline basis function was used while selecting the smoothing parameter by marginal loss minimization technique. The result shows that the basis dimension used was sufficient. The QGAM results show the effect of the smooth functions on the response variable at 25th, 50th, 75th and 95th quantiles, while the GAM showed only the effect of the predictors on the mean response. The results also reveal that the QGAM have lower Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Generalized cross-validation (GVC) than the GAM, hence producing a better model. It was also observed that the QGAM and the GAM at the 50th quantile had the same R2adj(77%), meaning that both models were able to explain the same percentage of variation in the models, this we attribute to the fact that mean regression and median regression are approximately the same, hence the observation is in agreement with existing literature. The plots reveal that some of the residuals of the GAM were seen to fall outside the confidence band while in QGAM all the residuals fell within the confidence band producing a better smooth.
Effects of Green Human Resource Management on Employee Green Behavior: Moderating Role of Employee Environmental Knowledge
Authors: Karmoker Kajol , Kona Farhana Amin , Oyshi Amanta Hasnat , Yasmin Kazi Snigdha
Published: January 2022

The study was conducted with an objective of measuring the effects of green human resource management (green HRM) practices on employee on-the-job and off-the-job green behavior within the context of garments industry in Bangladesh. Moreover, the study tested the moderating effects of employee environmental knowledge on the relationship between green HRM practices and employee on-the-job and off–the-job green behavior. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in order to collect data from the participants. Two hundred and seventy employees working at the managerial level of garments factories in Bangladesh participated in the survey. Moderated regression analysis was employed to test the proposed research model. The study findings revealed that green HRM practices positively and significantly influenced employee on-the-job and off-the-job green behavior. This findings suggest that employee green behavior displayed both inside and outside the organization stem from the learnings and experiences inside the organization. Employee environmental knowledge was also found to moderate the effects of green HRM practices on employee on-the-job and off-the-job green behavior indicating that green HRM effects are stronger in case of environmentally concerned employees. The study findings provide HR professionals and policy makers with the guidance regarding the promotion of employee green behavior for improving environmental performance.
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Secondary Schools Adolescents in Onitsha, Anambra State Nigeria
Authors: NV Agu , TO Ulasi , KN Okeke , JC Ebenebe , ST Echendu , CA Nriezedi , EI Nwaneli , ES Edokwe , SK Onah , CC Ifezulike , ES Umeadi
Published: January 2022

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, both in developed and developing countries. In Nigeria, obesity is emerging as an important public health problem. Childhood and adolescent obesity results in adult obesity with the resultant morbidities.
Objectives: This study determines the prevalence of overweight and obesity in apparently healthy secondary school adolescents.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study of secondary school adolescents aged 10-19 years randomly selected from two public schools and three private schools. The weights and heights of the study subjects were measured using standard equipment. BMI was computed using the standard formula weight (kg) / height2 (m). Using the WHO; 2007 age and sex-specific BMI percentile cut-offs, the subjects were classified as underweight (3rd to <15th percentile), normal (15th to <85th percentile), overweight (85th to <97th percentile) or obese ≥97th percentile.
Results: Data were initially collected from 1250 participants, but 52 were excluded from improperly completed questionnaires. Thus, 1198 students were ultimately included in the study, giving a response rate of 95.8%. These included 621 females (51.8%) and 577 males (48.2%) aged 10-19 years, giving an F: M ratio of approximately 1: 0.9. The mean age of the students was 15.07 ±1.96 years overall, 15.13 ± 2.08 years for males and 15.03 ± 1.83 years for females. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females in the distribution of age groups (p=0.12). The mean BMI was 21.51±3.57kg/m2 for females and 20.22±3.16kg/m2 for males. The BMI was significantly higher in females in all age groups (p<0.001) except for those aged 10-<12 years (p=0.13). The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 14.4% and 5.1%, respectively. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were significantly higher in females than males (17.7% vs 10.7%, 5.6% vs 4.5% respectively (p<0.001) and most prevalent among the early adolescence (10<12yrs; p= 0.04).
Conclusion:  Prevalence of overweight and obesity is high among secondary school adolescents in Onitsha, Anambra state. There is a need for regular monitoring of weight and height as an early measure to prevent and control overweight and obesity.
Evaluation of P40 and Napsin A in the Differential Diagnosis of Non Small Cell Bronchogenic Carcinoma on Small Lung Biopsies
Authors: Singh Dr. Savita , Singh Dr. Kuldeep
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND :- Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality over word wide, Although the pathological diagnosis of lung carcinoma is limited as only small specimen available for diagnosis.the availability of targeted therapies has created a need for precise subtyping of non-small cell lung carcinoma . Several recent studies have demonstrated that the use of  Immunohistochemical markers can be helpful in differentiating lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) from lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) not on surgically resected material but also on small biopsy samples and cytology.

AIM  (1)          To classify the non small cell lung carcinoma  into major categories like squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and adenocarcinoma (LAC) and other categories by applying  immunohistochemicalmarker like  p40 (truncated p63) and Napsin A

   (2)     To analyse the sensitivity and specificity of p40 and Napsin A in light of histomorphology and/or other relevant immunohistochemical markers available, using appropriate statistical tests.

Material and methods:- This  study was a one and half year (18 months) prospective study from Jan 2017 to June 2018, conducted in department of pathology on patients attending the outpatient and inpatient department of TB and respiratory disease, a total of  210 bronchoscopic guided biopsies / transthoracic (CT/MRI /guided) small tissue biopsies from the patients suspected of lung malignancy were incorporated in the study. 20 corresponding resection specimens (wedge resection and lobectomy) were also included in the study for correlation of morphology and immunohistochemical findings on small biopsies.

RESULTS:-In our study IHC for both p40 and napsin –A aided in subtyping of  71.9% cases of non small cell lung carcinoma and this diagnostic accuracy was found to be statistically significant with p-value < 0.05.,on statistical analysis  we found that napsin-A had a sensitivity of  90% and specificity of 80%. Also, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were seen to be 88.0% and 81.8% respectively.
The degree of commitment among high school principals to integrity values from their viewpoints in Jordan
Authors: AL-Momani Mohammad Omar , Al-Momani Mohammad Omar , Al-Megdad Alaa Kamel
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to identify the degree of commitment among high school principals in Jordan to integrity values from their viewpoints. The researchers used a descriptive survey approach to achieve the study’s objectives. A random sample was chosen from the study population. The researchers used a questionnaire as a measurement instrument. The study results showed that the degree of commitment among high school principals in Jordan to integrity values got an ‘average’ degree. Besides, the study results displayed the absence of statistically significant differences at the significance level, following academic qualification and years of experience variables. The study recommends promoting the principles and integrity values (honesty, reform, sincerity, chastity and justice) among high school principals in the education ministry in Jordan.

 

Keywords: Degree of commitment, high school principals, high schools, integrity values.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN SORULARININ TÜREVLERİNİN VE BİLİŞSEL TALEP DÜZEYLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: DEMİR ÖĞRENCİ Kübra
Published: January 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı bir okul öncesi öğretmeninin sınıf içi uygulamalarda kullandığı soruların türevlerini, içerdiği olası bilişsel talepleri ve bunların oranlarını tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını bir okul öncesi öğretmeni ve 16 çocuk (60-72 aylık) oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmenin 10 sınıf içi uygulaması video ile kaydedilmiştir. Öğretmenin kullandığı soruların türevleri ve bilişsel talep düzeyleri belirli kataloglar aracılığıyla çözümlenmiştir. Öğretmen sorularının türevlerini belirlemek amacıyla “Öğretmen Sorularını Kodlama Kataloğu”, bilişsel talep düzeyleri için ise “Yenilenmiş Bloom Taksonomisi” kullanılmıştır. Soru türevleri ve bilişsel talepler cümle bazında (analitik olarak) analiz edilmiştir. Soru tipleri ve bilişsel katkı düzeyleri sayılmış, uygulamalar arasında oransal karşılaştırmalar yapmak üzere nicelleştirilmiştir. Öğretmen yedi soru tipini belirli sıklıklarla kullanmıştır: “iletişimsel” (%42,25), “izleme” (%12,86), “değerlendirme” (%6,82), “çeldirme” (%4,66), “delillendirme” (%3,02), “gözlem-karşılaştırma-tahmin” (%9,8) ve “çıkarım” (%5,48). Öğretmenin bazı soru tiplerini daha fazla kullandığı (iletişimsel ve izleme), bunun sonucu olarak yaratılması muhtemel bilişsel talebin düşük düzeylerde seyrettiği (anlama) tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişim süreçleri için çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Duodenoscopia e colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (cpre) no diagnóstico da patologia biliar e pancreática. Experiência dos primeiros 150 exames.
Authors: Ginestal-Cruz A , Gargaté A. , Grima Nuno , Cardoso Anabela , Correia J. Pinto
Published: January 2022

Relata-se a experiencia das primeiras 150 duodenoscopias consecutivas para colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE). Descreve-se o material e metodologia utilizados, incluindo a pesquisa sistemática do follow-up dos doentes examinados. A duodenoscopia foi diagnóstica em 19 casos. A canulação da papila de Vater, com visualização das vias biliares e/ou pancreáticas foi conseguida em 106 de 131 tentativas (81 % de êxitos técnicos): CPRE em 55, CRE em 22 e PRE em 29. Esta percentagem elevou-se para 88 % nos últimos 50 exames. Predominaram as indicações clinicas por suspeita de patologia biliar (colestase em 72, colangite recorrente em 22 e síndrome dolorosa pós-colecistectomia em 9). No grupo da colestase, o diagnóstico etiológico foi obtido em 51 casos - 70 % do total — (80 % dos 30 mais recentes), sendo em 12 endoscópico e em 39 colangiográfico. Na colangite recorrente obteve-se diagnóstico etiológico em 63 %. A CPRE foi particularmente útil nos casos com hidatidose hepatobiliar ou pós-colecistectomia. O exame foi diagnóstico em 7 dos 9 doentes colecistectomizados com quadro doloroso, com avaliação endoscópica útil nos casos com coledocoduodenostomia. Nas restantes indicações (pancreatite recorrente em 16, dor abdominal não esclarecida em 18 e miscelânea em 13) registou-se também elevada percentagem de exames diagnósticos ou parcialmente informativos. Em 8 de 16 casos de pancreatite recorrente, a CPRE definiu uma indicação cirúrgica. É estabelecido o confronto dos nossos resultados com os da literatura, tanto nos aspectos técnicos como na capacidade diagnóstica demonstrada nos diferentes grupos de indicações: biliares. pancreáticas ou outras.
Early diagnosis and space occupying disease an ever increasing complex problem.
Authors: Ell Peter J.
Published: January 2022

Discutem-se os mecanismos que presidem a obtenção de imagens por métodos não invasivos (medicina nuclear, ultrassonografia, tomografia computorizada de transmissão e de emissão). Introduzem-se definições para sensibilidade, especificidade, valor de previsão e precisão. Defendem-se estratégias de diagnóstico clínico para lesões ocupantes de espaço e sugerem-se orientações para futuro desenvolvimento.
Rail track condition monitoring: a review on deep learning approaches
Authors: Ji Albert , Woo Wai Lok , Wong Eugene Wai Leong , Quek Yang Thee
Published: January 2022

Rail track is a critical component of rail systems. Accidents or interruptions caused by rail track anomalies usually possess severe outcomes. Therefore, rail track condition monitoring is an important task. Over the past decade, deep learning techniques have been rapidly developed and deployed. In the paper, we review the existing literature on applying deep learning to rail track condition monitoring. Potential challenges and opportunities are discussed for the research community to decide on possible directions. Two application cases are presented to illustrate the implementation of deep learning to rail track condition monitoring in practice before we conclude the paper.
Microbial Profile and Antibiogram of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia at Tertiary Care Hospital U.P
Authors: R. Sujatha Anil Singh Yadav , Dilshad Arif Dilshad Khan , Gupta Astha
Published: January 2022

Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common and serious healthcare associated infection (HAI). VAP is inflammation of lung parenchyma caused by infectious agents that develops in a patient who is on a ventilator occurring 48-72 hrs or more after tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV). The risk of VAP is highest early in the course of hospital stay, and is estimated to be 3%/day during the first 5 days of ventilation, 2%/day during days 5-10 of ventilation and 1%/day after this. Aim of this study was find out the Microbial profile and antibiogram of ventilator associated pneumonia at tertiary care hospital U.P. This study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Rama Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Kanpur India from January 2016 to December 2016. A total of 100 Endotracheal aspirated samples were collected in a sterile & labelled clean dry container from the clinically suspected cases of VAP patients. Out of 100 patients 31 patients shown growth of the bacteria & considered as Ventilator Associated Pneumonia patients. And 69 patients have not shown any kind of growth. Acinetobacter baumanni, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter & Klebsiella Pneumoniae were the most common pathogens from both early & late onset VAP. Proper monitoring and strict implementation of infection control practices is very essential to reduce VAP in hospital setting. Also the short term use of invasive devices and judicious use of antibiotics are important in preventing VAP caused by these MDR pathogens.
Response of Late Sown Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Mill Sp.) to Nutrient and Pest Management
Authors: Geeta Rai Akhilesh Mishra
Published: January 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Oilseed Research Farm, C.S.A. University of agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh) continuously three years since 2016-17 to 2018-19 to study the response of late sown pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) to nutrient and pest management. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. Among the all treatments, recommended dose of fertilizer (N:P:K:S:Zn kg ha-1:: 20:50:20:20:20) application was common. Investigation results revealed that the application of T6 (RDF + 2% urea + 0.5% B + 0.5% Zn spray at 50% flowering) + Indoxacarb at flowering + one systemic insecticide 15 days after first spray was produces 30.89% higher grain yield and Gross income; and 28.27% higher B:C cost ratio over the application of RDF. Therefore, in comparison to RDF, particularly on economic point of view, we may conclude that the application of RDF + 2% urea + 0.5% B + 0.5% Zn spray at 50% flowering + Indoxacarb 14.5% SC at flowering + one systemic insecticide 15 days after first spray may be suggested for nutrient and pest management practice in long duration pigeonpea to attained the maximum grain yield and economic return.
Kinetics of Maternal Derived Antibody Status against Canine Distemper in Pups
Authors: M. Asok Kumar Bhambhani Mitali Inder , N. R. Senthil A. Ramesh , T. Devi K. Srinivas , Revathi P.
Published: January 2022

Sixty-four sera samples were collected from 25- and 45-days old puppies [16 puppies each from vaccinated (Group I) and unvaccinated (Group II) dam] brought to Immunization Unit, Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Chennai. The samples were subjected to functional antibody assay (SNT) and commercially available Indirect ELISA to know the kinetics of maternal derived antibody (MDA) against canine distemper. The mean MDA titre in Group I puppies were found as 4.38 ± 1.41 and the ELISA titre were 30 - 60 and 10–30 AU on 25 and 45 days of age respectively whereas the Group II (MDA-UV) had titre value of0.33 ± 0.60 and 0 by SNT (SN50) and ≤ 10 and ≤ 3 AU by Indirect ELISA on 25 and 45 days of pups respectively. Though the statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test) revealed a significant difference (P<0.01) between MDA of two groups with none of the group member had required protective titre, this study strongly suggests that the dogs aged more than 4 weeks needs to be immunized against CDV in endemic region in view of eliciting protective titre at earlier with a view of avoiding window period of susceptibility between 25 and 45 days of age.
Genetic Diversity Analysis by D2 Analysis in Fine Scented Genotypes of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: S. K. Sinha V. Netam , V. K. Singh K. Tigga , Chouksey N.
Published: January 2022

The present investigation on “Diversity analysis by D2 analysis in fine scented genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was used to investigate the diversity among 40 fine scented genotypes obtained from the Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya in Raipur. The current studies was conducted at research cum instructional farm, IGKV, RMD Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh. The experiment was conducted in RBD with purpose to characterized 40 genotypes of rice along with 4 checks viz. CG Sugandhitbhog, CG Devbhog, Indira Sugandhit Dhan-1 and Dubrajsel 1 for diversity. Based on cluster analysis, the genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters in which cluster I was the largest consistin of 29 genotypes. While cluster IV & V were the smallest with only a single genotypes; each. Maximum intra cluster distance was found in the cluster II, Which comprises only 5 genotypes. The most divergent clusters observed were cluster III & V. The minimum cluster distance was recorded between cluster I & III.
Genetic Diversity Studies in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) Germplasm
Authors: L. Prasanthi Reshmi Jahan Mohammed , Vemireddy Lakshminarayana R.
Published: January 2022

An investigation was carried out to estimate the genetic divergence for twenty characters in 50 genotypes of greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] using Mahalanobis's D2 statistic and total of eight clusters were formed. The highest number of genotypes were found in cluster II containing sixteen genotypes followed by cluster I with thirteen genotypes, cluster IV with ten genotypes, cluster VI with five genotypes, cluster VIII with three genotypes and clusters III, V and VII with only one genotype. Highest intra-cluster distance was observed for cluster IV (87.54) and lowest intra cluster distance was observed for clusters III, V and VII. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VIII (285.11),while the lowest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster VI and VII (251.29). Among the characters studied, phenols content contributed the maximum (32.57 %) towards the diversity. The genotypes present in the clusters V (COGG-13-19) and VII (LGG-544) showed high seed yield performance so, cross obtained between these genotypes will give better performance for yield. The genotypes in the cluster VI (GGG-1, GGG-1-1, IPM-2-14, WGG-42, EC-396117) and cluster III (AGG-35) exhibited resistance to YMV. Hence, the crosses among cluster V, VII, VI and III would give high seed yield along with YMV disease resistance.
Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Pathogenic Fusarium Species Isolated from Various Pulse Growing Geographic Areas of India
Authors: O. P. Sharma Monika Singh , Bhagat Someshwar
Published: January 2022

Fusarium phythopathogenic fungi is responsible for high economic loss of cereal food crop. The objective of this study was aimed at isolation, morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium species. 13 different Fusarium spp. i.e. F. solani, F. chlamydosporum, F. tabacinum, F. fujikuroi, F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides, F. brachygibbosum, Fusarium sp. and F. incarnatum were isolated and identified from diseased samples of chickpea, pigeonpea, rice, lentil and garden pea crop. Colony characteristics like colony color, colony growth diameters, mycelium type, sporulation, pigmentation, odour were obtained after culture purification. Shape, size and septation of microconidia and macroconidia, position, shape, occurrence and size of chlamydospores, conidiophore branching were examined microscopically. MS10, BI01 and KA14 isolates were slow growing, BI02 and UP07 were moderate growing and BI03, HA04, MS06, MS09, MS11 and KA(Gul)13 were fast to very fast growing on PDA after 7-10 days. Chlamydospores were found in most of the isolates. Colonies were abundant, loosely tufted, fluffy, pannose, vinaceous floccose, powdery and some were flat appressed, arachnoid. Pigmentation of most of the isolates was pinkish white to dark pink, carmine to violet in colour. Phylogenetic analysis was done by maximum likelihood method using the ITS-rDNA region of Fusarium isolates and multiple sequence alignment of ITS DNA sequences was done using Clustal_W program and all identified sequences were submitted in NCBI GenBank database.
Evaluation of Surface Water Contamination Using Heavy Metal Pollution Indices in the Mgoua Watershed, Southwestern Cameroon
Authors: George Mafany Josephine Ndjama , Yvette Clarisse Mfopou Mewouo Biram Eric Belmond , Amina Aboubakar Carine Tarkang , Armel Zacharie Ekoa Bessa Opportune Léonelle Apohkeng Dongmo
Published: January 2022

An integrated pollution assessment index approach was used to assess the application of heavy metal pollution indices in the Ngoua watershed in southwestern (SW) Cameroon. The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mo, Fe and Al in most of the water samples exceeded the maximum allowable concentration recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI) shows strong correlations with the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Metal Index (MI) and the degree of contamination (Cd), and gives a better assessment of the pollution levels. Selected samples from the 10 sampling stations were classified as high polluted in Cd, MI and HPI in relation to the respective critical values. These values show comparable results to those of the HEI and indicate that about 88% of the samples with above average values were classified as highly contaminated and the remaining samples (12%) with below average values were classified as moderately contaminated. The Enrichment Factor (EF) analysis and the pollution indices reveal that the water quality is mainly controlled by natural and geogenic processes with major anthropogenic input. The current level of heavy metal distribution in the water of the Ngoua catchment is an environmental and health concern and requires special attention.
A Rare Case Report of Splenic Abscess Caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei Progressing to Disseminated Melioidosis
Authors: Priyadarshi Ketan Lakshmi Shanmugam , Monika Sivaradjy Stanley Pheba , Elamurugan Thirthar Palanivelu S. Balamurugan , Sankar Sastry Apurba
Published: January 2022

Splenic abcess is a rare but potentially life threatening condition which can be less frequently caused by gram negative saprophytes, Burkholderia pseudomallei. Because of the challenges faced in the identification of this organism, it is often under diagnosed or misdiagnosed. Here, we report a case of splenic abcess eventually leading to disseminated melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei in a 40 year old diabetic male from a tertiary-care hospital in southern India, who presented with fever and pain over left upper abdomen.