bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Response of the Official Washington to the Development of Political Situation in Russia at the End of 1917– in Early 1918
Authors:   Pacific National University, Yurchenko Yekaterina Sergeyevna
Published: December 2020

The present study considers the attitude of the US government to the development of the political crisis in Russia in November 1917 – March 1918. The author examines the main factors that influenced the position of the official Washington in relation to the opposing parties to the conflict during this period: the beginning of separate negotiations between the Soviet government and Germany, the lack of unity in the anti-Bolshevist camp, the desire of the allies to use the situation in Russia in order to realize their own interests. Particular attention is paid to the White House’s striving to preserve a single central government in Russia during World War I and the desire of American leadership to distance itself from direct intervention in the conflict and thus maintain the possibility to interact with all opposing sides. The study evaluates the role of this stage in the evolution of the US government's views on the “Russian question” and its impact on the implementation of the American program on a post-war peaceful settlement.
The Indigenous Peoples of the North in the Mirror of Regional Periodicals in the 1990s – Early 2000s (Based on Materials from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))
Authors:   Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Astakhova Irina Sergeyevna
Published: December 2020

The paper analyzes the potential of the periodicals as a historical source for the study of state policy in relation to the indigenous peoples of the North. In particular, the experience of the development and application of qualitative thematic content analysis of the republican newspaper “Yakutia” for the period from 1991 to 2000 is shown. Such a study using a continuous sample on such a long time interval has not been performed. Three chronological groups of publications have been identified, which can be correlated with the stages of regional policy towards indigenous peoples in the 1990s. The main features of each period are revealed. It is emphasized that the use of this method in historical research not only systematizes the sources, but also draws the attention of researchers to some patterns that require further explanation.
Memoirs of Prince Felix Yusupov as Autobiographical Narrative Experience
Authors:   Far Eastern State Institute of Arts, Raikh Kalina Gennadyevna
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper: to introduce the possibility of memoirs research in terms of autobiographical narrative at a specific historic period of the first quarter of the 20th century. Knowing particular person life in the context of his historical existence is important for understanding of philosophical, sociological and psychological aspects of historical events. Memoirs and autobiography have common features and differences as ways of understanding social reality. An autobiography generally provides the solid narration of author’s life, whereas memoirs highlight and describe significant personality formation event, which had an impact on formation of a person. The main event of Prince Yousupov’s memoirs as assassination of Grigory Rasputin is defined by Prince’s own life. The study provides the analysis of Felix Yusupov’s memoirs as autobiographical narrative experience. The scientific novelty of the study results from the statement that exploring memoirs as fact of particular person life one can expand and enhance knowledge of the social reality context and the entire historic epoch. The results of the research show common and distinctive features of autobiography prose and memoirs: represent analyses of Felix Yusupov’s “Memoirs” as autobiographical narrative experience.
Cattle, Sheep/Goats and Pigs from Northern and Central Hampshire: Iron Age, Roman and Early Saxon Faunal Remains from Excavation Assemblages
Authors: King Anthony C.
Published: December 2020

This paper is a survey of overall species counts from northern and central Hampshire sites, of Iron Age, Roman and early Saxon date, and their implications for chronological changes in animal husbandry and diet. Three zones, around Basingstoke, Andover, and central Hampshire, are compared
with each other, and also with the Roman urban centres of Silchester and Winchester. The Andover region shows the greatest degree of continuity from Iron Age to Roman times and later, while the Basingstoke region has a pattern of change from sheep/goat dominated assemblages to ones with higher
cattle numbers. This may be due to agricultural intensification, and an orientation of the animal economy in northern Hampshire more towards the Thames Valley and supply to Silchester, than an earlier 'Wessex pattern' more focussed on sheep and wool production.
Engagement organisationnel en situation de changement: quelles perspectives dans un hôpital public? Revue de question
Authors: Doutre Elisabeth
Published: December 2020

This study aims to identify which variables are presents in a context of organizational change and to examine how they are antecedents of the leader’s organizational commitment (EO), either separately or jointly. These variables can also have some effects on the collaborator’s affective commitment to the supervisor. The case of a French public hospital will be–taken as an example to develop the context of these perspectives of research and application.
Current trends in the development of dry cargo carriers for coastal, mixed and inland navigation
Authors: Egorov Gennady V. , Egorov Alexander G.
Published: December 2020

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses characteristics and technical condition of dry cargo ships of limited sea, mixed and inland navigation in order to describe a methodology that allows predicting the composition of the fleet in the medium term.

Materials and methods. This study relied on the database of Marine Engineering Bureau (MEB), register books of classification societies, as well as on initial drawings for baseline designs of ships under consideration. The work followed common methods of ship theory and ship design, as well as of naval structural mechanics, analysis and statistics.

Main results. A prediction is given for fleet composition and structure until the year 2030, including the ships built after the year 2000, including the newbuilding orders for years 2020–2022.

Conclusion. Today, there are about 1,052 dry cargo vessels in operation, 79 % of which are "old", and 21 % were built after the year 2000. Dry-cargo vessels of Volgodonmax class are still the most popular. Due to shallow water depth, these ships cannot be made bigger, so the only way to increase their cargo capacity is to increase their block coefficient and reduce lightship displacement.

The first challenge is fully solved by "super-ample" lines currently adopted by MEB for mixed-navigation vessels like RSD59, RSD62, RSD79. As for the reduction of lightship displacement, i.e. steel weight, all the attempts to improve MEB solutions on ships of other designs have so far led to the opposite result, i.e. greater metal consumption and accordingly lower cargo capacity. Thus, it has been practically established that the only way to reduce lightship weight is to apply lighter materials.
Radiation and thermal effects upon mechanics of polymer composites
Authors: Emelyanov Sergei I. , Kuchin Nikolay L. , Yartsev Boris A. , Lebedev Vladimir L.
Published: December 2020

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses polymeric composites of various structural applications that may be exposed to extreme temperature and/or radiation, with possible implications for their physical and mechanical properties. Materials and methods. We used static and dynamic methods for determining the constants characterizing the mechanical properties of polymer composites. The analysis of numerous nuclear reactions occurring during neutron irradiation of a polymer composite with a certain chemical composition was carried out by the method of computational prediction. The results of this analysis confirm the change in the composition of the composite and the possibility of changing its internal structure. Main results. Suitability of the investigated composites for the applications accompanied by high-temperature and radiation effects, like foundations of marine nuclear reactors, has been confirmed. Conclusion. For the considered range of temperature and radiation effects, the effect of temperature on structural performance of a composite determined, in its turn, by the mechanical properties of its matrix, is the most significant, while radiation exposure turned out to be less important. Developing polymer composites for more intense radiation environments, like neutron fluxes or gamma rays, it is advisable to optimize their chemistry so as to reduce or totally eliminate the elements capable of generating long-lived radionuclides.
Antimicrobial Activity of Non-bond Colicin on Candida albicans Biofilm
Authors: Hussain Nayarah .S. , Latif Ismail .I. , Obaid Hind .H.
Published: December 2020

Two hundred fifty mid-stream urine specimens were collected from Baqubah Teaching Hospital and Al-Batool Teaching Hospital from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI). Of these investigated urine specimens, 66 (26.4%) specimens showed positive growth culture of Gram-negative bacteria. From these, Escherichia coli was the most prevalent bacteria of the examined culture (41, 62.12%). Additionally, the cup assay was used to determine colicin producers while the most efficient colicin producers were estimated by the formation of larger inhibition zone. Approximately half of the investigated E. coli isolates (20, 49 %) was colicin producers. Colicins was extracted after induction by mitomycin-C showed a concentration of 3020 Î¼g/ml,  as estimated utilizing the Lowry method, while its activity was 80 U/ml. Our study results showed that colicin had significant antibiofilm activity (Pâ‰¤ 0.05) against Candida albicans and the effect seemed to be concentration dependent. . However, the values of biofilm inhibition varied depending on the different tested isolates. The biofilm of isolate 5 showed the most significant inhibition (Pâ‰¤ 0.05) by colicin with a value of 46%, while isolate 3 was less affected with an inhibition rate of 19% at the concentration of 2500 Î¼l/ml.
Sampling: Linking Evidence to Practice
Authors: Kamper Steven J.
Published: December 2020

Because it is usually not possible to include the entire population in a study, researchers must find a way to recruit some people from the population into their study—the participants who become the sample. The goal of any sampling method is to recruit a representative sample that is the same as the population in every way, except with fewer individuals, but recruitment is costly, resource intensive, and challenging in lots of ways. Representativeness is never perfect, which can lead to selection bias. It is important to remember that generalizability is a continuum; study findings are not a dichotomy of “generalizable” or “not,” but, rather, more or less generalizable. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(12):725–726. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.0704
Halogen bonding: an underestimated player in membrane-ligand interactions
Authors: Nunes Rafael , Vila Viçosa Diogo , Costa Paulo J.
Published: December 2020

Halogen bonds (XBs) are noncovalent interactions where halogen atoms act as electrophilic species interacting with Lewis bases. These interactions are relevant in biochemical systems being increasingly explored in drug discovery, mainly to moduate protein–ligand interactions. In this work, we report evidence for the existence of XB-mediated phospholipid–halogen recognition phenomena as our molecular dynamics simulations support the existence of favorable interactions between halobenzene derivatives and both phosphate or ester oxygen acceptors from model phospholipid bilayers. We also provide insights into the role of XBs in driving the permeation of halogenated small molecules across biological membranes. This represents a relevant molecular mechanism, previously overlooked, eventually determining the pharmacological or toxicological activity of halogenated compounds and hence with implications in drug discovery and development, a place where such species account for a significant part of the chemical space. Our data strongly suggests that, as the ubiquitous hydrogen bond, XBs should be accounted for in the development of membrane permeability models.
Solvent-Free Digital Light 3D Printing using Biodegradable Polymeric Photoinitiators
Authors: sandmeier matthias , paunovic nevena , Conti Riccardo , Leopold Hofmann , Wang Jieping , Luo Zhi , Masania Kunal , wu Na , Kleger Nicole , Coulter Fergal B , Studart André , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Leroux Jean-Christophe , bao yinyin
Published: December 2020

Vat photopolymerization 3D printing provides newopportunities for the fabrication of tissue scaffolds and medicaldevices. However, it usually requires the use of organic solvents ordiluents to dissolve the solid photoinitators, making this processenvironmentally unfriendly, and not optimal for biomedicalapplications. Here, we report biodegradable liquid polymericphotoinitiators for solvent-free 3D printing of biodegradable polymericmaterials by digital light processing. These photoinitiators enablesystematic investigation of structure-property relationship of 3Dprinting polymeric materials without the interference from the reactivediluents and offer new perspectives for the solvent-free 3D additivemanufacturing of bioresorbable medical implants as well as otherfunctional devices.
Managing menopausal symptoms in patients with hormone receptor-positive gynecologic cancers
Authors: Shabalova O. V. , Yureneva S. V. , Khokhlova S. V. , Gardanova Zh. R. , Ermakova E. I.
Published: December 2020

Young women with reproductive tract neoplasms who receive treatment leading to termination of ovarian function often suffer from menopause symptoms that contribute to dramatic drop in quality of life. Climacteric symptoms in women with iatrogenic menopause are more severe than in case of natural menopause, especially in women with reproductive tract neoplasms. They lead to dramatic drop in quality of life and are one of the main reasons to stop applying endocrine therapy in women with hormone-positive tumors, which leads to decrease in disease free survival and to decline the prognosis. The most effective treatment option for climacteric symptoms of moderate to severe degrees is menopause hormone therapy; however, such therapy is not suitable for patients with estrogen-dependent tumors in past medical history due to the likelihood risk of progression of cancer, as well as the risk of venous thrombosis, the frequency of which in cancer patients increases. Non-hormonal pharmacological and non-pharmacological correction methods are used as first-line therapy for menopause disorders in women with estrogen-dependent tumors of the reproductive system. Among non-hormonal non-pharmacological correction methods actively study such methods as acupuncture, yoga, exercise to control weight, and a diet rich in phytoestrogens. The most effective non-hormonal methods of correcting vasomotor symptoms are serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. However, currently in Russia these drugs can be prescribed only by a psychiatrist. The finding of effective and safe non-hormonal methods to correct menopause symptoms in women with hormone-positive reproductive tract tumors is the important task in practice among doctors in different specialties.
Detection of disseminated tumor cells and their relationship with a population of bone marrow lymphocytes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Djumanazarov T. M. , Chulkova S. V. , Tupitsyn N. N. , Chernysheva O. A. , Allakhverdiev A. K. , Palladina A. D. , Kupryshina N. A. , Kolbatskaya O. P. , Kononetz P. V. , Akhmedov B. B. , Gerasimov S. S.
Published: December 2020

Introduction.Detection of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in solid tumors is an important component of the assessment of disease prognosis. Bone marrow damage is common. There is evidence indicating an important role for bone marrow lymphocyte subpopulations in hematogenous metastasis.
Aim.To evaluate the frequency of bone marrow damage in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on the detection of DTC by flow cytometry, as well as their effect on the population of bone marrow lymphocytes.
Materials and methods.62 bone marrow samples of patients with a verified diagnosis of NSCLC: adenocarcinoma (33), squamous cell carcinoma (27), other types (2). Methods: morphological, multicolor flow cytometry. Studied DTC, lymphocyte populations CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD16, CD27. Collection and analysis: FACS Canto II, USA, Kaluza Analysis v2.1.
Results.In bone marrow, DTC (EPCAM+CD45-) were found in 43.5% of patients with NSCLC (1 cell per 10 million myelocariоcytes was taken as the threshold value). The presence of DTC did not correlate with the size of the tumor, the status of the lymph nodes, and the stage of the tumor process. DTC was more often observed in more differentiated tumors (p=0.023). A significant increase in the level of subpopulations of CD16+CD4-NK-cells (p=0.002), CD27+CD3+T-cells (p=0.015) with bone marrow damage was revealed.
Conclusion.The possibility of detecting DTC in the bone marrow of patients with NSCLC was established, in 43.5% of patients with NSCLC in the bone marrow DTC was detected, and their presence was established even with a localized tumor process. More frequent bone marrow damage was observed with well-differentiated tumors. The relationship between DTC and bone marrow lymphocyte populations was revealed: subpopulations of CD16+CD4-, CD27+CD3+.
Reduction of febrile neutropenia by using long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factors in patients with solid tumors receiving every-2-week chemotherapy
Authors: Kononenko I. B. , Snegovoy A. V. , Grebennikova O. P. , Sel’chuk V. Yu. , Palchinskaia O. V.
Published: December 2020

Neutropenia is a common hematological complication of chemotherapy (СT). The number of studies showed that the underperformance of the treatment program due to the development of this type of hematological toxicity could lead to the decrease in therapy efficacy and to the increase in cancer mortality. Infections that occur as a result of prolonged neutropenia are extremely dangerous. The most severe manifestation of grade 4 neutropenia is febrile neutropenia (FN), which can lead to death from severe infections. Such patients should be immediately hospitalized and should receive empirical therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The costs, associated with the hospitalization, due to FN increase total cost of cancer patients treatment. The application of recombinant forms of the natural protein granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in clinical practice has solved the number of important problems on that front. The clinical studies and common use show that primary and secondary prevention using recombinant G-CSF reduces the risk of FN development and improves the results of the treatment of malignancies. The review provides actual data concerning pharmacological properties, clinical efficacy and reasonable use of G-CSF with prolonged action to prevent FN in patients with solid tumors during 2-week CT cycles. Special attention is paid to CH regimens with the inclusion of 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, irinotecan in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). The use of neoadjuvant treatment in such patients allows to achieve resectability of the tumor and to perform radical surgery. The maintenance of drugs dose intensity throughout the cycle of CT plays an important role in achieving the treatment success. Therefore, the prevention of CT-induced severe neutropenia and FN is especially important in patients who are the candidates for surgical treatment. The results of some studies confirm the necessity of using G-CSF with prolonged action during 2-week CT cycles in patients with CRC.
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma of unknown primary site. Clinical follow-up
Authors: Ognerubov N. A. , Antipova T. S. , Gumareva G. E.
Published: December 2020

Renal cell cancer metastases without evidence of a primary tumor are extremely rare. These variants are usually showed as a spontaneous description of single clinical cases.
Aim.This contribution is a clinical follow-up of synchronous renal cell cancer metastases of unknown primary site.
Results.A 52-year-old patient U. with a history of increased blood pressure, up to 170/100 mmHg for the last 5 years, who had undergone many instrumental examinations, including ultrasound examination, because of this disease. The computed tomography of the abdomen showed a 4975 mm heterogeneous tumor in the right adrenal gland in October 2017. The combined positron emission and X-ray computed tomography showed a 795441 mm mass in the right adrenal gland, associated with elevated fluorodeoxyglucose metabolic activity SUVmax 7.25. Focal accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical SUVmax 4.31 in a 171124 mm mass was detected in the space of bifurcation in the mediastinum. The lytic lesion (1015 mm) was found in right superior L3 articular process. The patient underwent retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy and thoracoscopic removal of mediastinal tumor in November 2017 because of the oligometastatic nature of the process. The histological study identified clear-cell carcinoma with areas of papillary structure in the right adrenal gland. The immunohistochemical study showed carcinoma cells intensively expressing CD10, and some other cells RCC. The immune phenotype of the tumor was identified as clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. The immunohistological and immunohistochemical analysis reviled the metastases of the same variant of renal cell carcinoma in one of 9 lymph nodes. The patient was treated with pazopanib. The primary renal tumor was not detected during the dynamic observation, including the application of annual combined positron emission and X-ray computed tomography. The patient is alive without disease progression with a follow-up of 32 months.
Conclusion.Metastases of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, including adrenal gland, without evidence of a primary site are extremely rare. The main method of treatment is a combination of surgery and targeted therapy, providing long-term local control of the course of the disease.
Misconceptions and myths about COVID-19
Authors: Shipra Mandwar  , Samiksha Dharampuria  , Gargi Nimbulkar  , Kumar Gaurav Chhabra  , Amit Reche
Published: December 2020

Myths are like wildfire, spreading across the globe in no time. How can this elude the scenario of a pandemic? The COVID- 19 pandemics brought several misconceptions under its hood in 2020. No doubt, the major base of the myth was based on virtual and social media platforms. Twitter, Facebook, Whatsapp were exploited to share the myths amongst the crowd for a long time. A massive chunk of the various data in context to the origin, spread and transmission of the virus was found unreliable from these sources. These were later found to be of a great impact on the mental health of the individuals. It was hence essential to create an official portal that gave the correct insight to the Pandemic and also guides individuals regarding their protection and prevention of the disease. This review has been made with an attempt to through light on some myths prevailing about the COVID-19 Pandemic and to bust them under the appropriate facts. Attempts have been made to separate facts from the fiction. In the latter half, various official organisations working in relief against the Pandemic have been discussed for the ease of identification.
PREPARATION OF OLIVE OIL EMULSIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS STABILIZED BY OC-20 AND SPAN-60
Authors: Портнова Дарья Алексеевна , Веролайнен Виолетта Андреевна , Темникова Светлана Анатольевна
Published: December 2020

Методом определения температуры инверсии фаз (ТИФ) получены и исследованы обратные эмульсии оливкового масла в воде с применением в качестве стабилизаторов неионогенных поверхностноактивных веществ синтанола OC-20, сорбитана моностеарата Span 60 и их смесей.

Reverse emulsions of olive oil in water with the use of non-ionic surfactants syntanol OC-20, sorbitan monostearate Span 60 and their mixtures as stabilizers were obtained and studied by the method of determining the temperature of phase inversion (TIF).
Bula vakavanua and the spiritual disruption of elder abuse: A Fijian perspective
Authors: Thaggard Sandra , Tautolo El-Shadan
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Introduction: This article used a cultural lens to explore issues of elder abuse from a Fijian perspective. Fijian tradition of respect for the older adult is a priority and any mistreatment is viewed as a spiritual disconnection and most injurious to God, the land and the people; their ancestral foundations and traditional customs.
Methods: The Fonofale model, as a pan-pacific approach was employed as a methodological paradigm to explore elements of abuse within a larger study of 50 Pacific Island elders from Pacific communities of Aotearoa, New Zealand. This article examines perceptions of abuse as seen from a Fijian perspective.
Findings: The findings argue that all forms of abuse; physical, psychological, financial or neglect are seen as a spiritual disconnection to the very foundation of what it is to be Fijian, referred to as bula vakavanua - the Fijian way of life.
Conclusion: Practitioners with the possibility of confronting situations of abuse may benefit from a cultural awareness programme, addressing the many different ways that abuse may be construed from within a culture other than the dominant one in society.
СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЦИКЛИЧНОСТИ ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В СКФО
Authors: Абдулманапов Пирмагомед Габибуллаевич
Published: December 2020

Целью исследования является проведение статистического анализа периодических колебаний уровней демографических процессов в регионах Северо-Кавказского федерального округа и выявление факторов их возникновения. Методы. Теоретико-методологической основой исследования послужили труды российских и зарубежных экономистов, демографов, в частности таких ученых, как А.Я. Кваша, Н.Д. Кондратьев, Б.С. Хорев. Информационную базу исследования составили данные Государственного комитета по статистике России и ее территориальных органов. При проведении анализа использовались разнообразные статистические методы исследований – табличный, графический, метод регрессионного анализа. Результаты. Анализ коэффициентов естественного прироста подтверждает предположение о том, что за весь постсоветский период демографические процессы в России и в регионах развивались циклично. Территории, как благополучные в плане естественных процессов воспроизводства, так и кризисные – с естественной убылью населения, одновременно проходили фазы падения и роста. Все основные этапы развития (фазы роста и падения, резкие скачки) суммарного коэффициента рождаемости и показателя ожидаемой продолжительности жизни при рождении в стране и в регионах совпадают по датам с колебаниями в динамике развития показателя естественного прироста численности населения. Циклические колебания в развитии основных демографических процессов в регионах Северо-Кавказского федерального округа России, наблюдаемые за последние три десятилетия, не имеют взаимосвязи с изменениями половозрастной структуры населения, что указывает на их социально-экономическую детерминированность. Область применения результатов. Результаты проведенного исследования могут быть использованы при разработке программ социально-демографического развития регионов Северо-Кавказского федерального округа России и разработке демографических прогнозов. Выводы. Циклические колебания в динамике воспроизводства населения России и регионов являются последствиями именно внешнего воздействия в виде негативных социально-экономических факторов, а не трансформации половозрастной структуры населения.
ELECTRONIC TESTS IN GAMIFICATION DISCOURSE
Authors: Yanenko Yaroslav
Published: December 2020

The article deals with peculiarities of modern electronic tests in the gamification discourse. Gamification allows teachers to motivate students and use effective approaches to the organization of the educational process. As a result of the study it was clarified that electronic tests have a number of advantages over paper tests, in particular, this is the presence of a larger number of test options offered to students; automatic check and scoring; convenience of passing the test for students; unlimited possibilities for the teacher to make amendments, changes and additions to electronic tests, etc. More than half of the respondents pointed out the importance of paper saving and the corresponding conservation of forests in the modern world. This indicates the development of students' environmental awareness. It was noted that the majority of respondents pass an electronic test more easily and comfortably, and, on the contrary, have a more serious attitude to a paper test. The advantages of using electronic tests in the eLearning system of Sumy State University are the availability of convenient templates for creating basic types of tests and their editing; automatic calculation by the system of students’ tests results; automatic change of the question and answer sequence options with each new test passing; ensuring the availability of tests or other educational materials for students; ability to use mobile devices for passing tests. The article defines the elements of gamification in electronic tests, among which there are clear rules for passing the test, which students should follow; test results appear on a computer or smartphone screen; there are elements of competition between students taking the test. The influence of modern technical means on gamification of the learning process was noted, in particular, almost a third of respondents noted that passing an electronic test would be more like a game when passing a test on a smartphone.
Urgensi dan Konsekuensi Terhadap Pengadilan Ham Regional Asean di Bawah AICHR
Authors: Sudika Mangku Dewa Gede
Published: December 2020

Pada 2009, ASEAN berhasil membentuk Badan Hak Asasi Manusia mereka sendiri bernama AICHR. Fungsi, tugas dan wewenang sebagaimana diatur dalam TOR AICHR adalah untuk mempromosikan dan melindungi hak asasi manusia di wilayahnya. Namun, fungsi perlindungan yang diamanatkan untuk AICHR masih belum dapat dicapai. Buktinya, banyak kasus pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi di kawasan Asia Tenggara tidak bisa diselesaikan di tingkat nasional. Semua alasan di atas terbukti bahwa ASEAN membutuhkan Pengadilan Hak Asasi Manusia yang bertujuan untuk mendapat keadilan. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah terdapat beberapa faktor penghambat AICHR dalam penegakan HAM di Asia Tenggara, diantaranya prinsip ASEAN Way dimana penggunaan prinsip non intervensi dan kedaulatan negara ASEAN untuk hak asasi manusia yang masih belum fleksibel; pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan konsensus yang membuat kinerja AICHR menjadi terhambat karena harus mendapat suara bulat dari seluruh negara anggota ASEAN; lemahnya mandat fungsi proteksi dalam ToR AICHR karena tidak tercapainya konsensus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam peneitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder studi perpustakaan yang studi ini berasal dari data sekunder.
Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Ringan diluar Peradilan Sebagai Upaya Pencapaian Rasa Keadilan
Authors: Suyono Yoyok Ucuk
Published: December 2020

Penyidik Kepolisian dalam penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana ringan dalam hal ini pencurian ringan, biasanya dengan mediasi penal yang petimbangannya karena supaya tercapainya keadilan hukum, kepastian hukum,dan kemanfaatan dengan tetap mengedepankan asas peradilan yang sederhana, jadi kerugian korban dapat segera di kembalikan, agar efisiensi waktu yang dapat di selesaikan lebih cepat, kemudian dari segi  biaya penanganan perkara lebih ringan  atau lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan kasus yang di proses lanjut sampai persidangan. Namun hal tersebut tidak menjadikan solusi terbaik untuk pelaku tindak pidana ringan dalam hal ini pencurian ringan, karena pelaku dapat  memanfaatkan proses mediasi penal yang dilaksanakan oleh pihak penyidik kepolisian dengan mudah dan beranggapan bahwa terkait pencurian ringan hanya dapat di selesaikan dengan cara mudah, sehingga tidak menimbulkan efek jera dan potensi mengulangi perbuatannya. Bagi korban pun akan merasa bahwa tindakan pencurian ringan tersebut bukan suatu kejahatan yang perlu di antisipasi, mengingat proses penyelesaiannya yang mudah, korban akan merasa khawatir dapat terjadi kejadian yang sama yang akan menimpa dirinya maupun terhadap orang lain. Bagi masyarakat sekitar juga  akan lebih merasa was – was atau khawatir dengan lingkungannya yang terdapat pelaku tindak kejahata,walaupun tindak kejahatan tersebut tindak pidana ringan, namun asumsi masyarakat akan menimbulkan keresahan.
Kajian Yuridis Dan Sosiologis Pemungutan Hasil Hutan Negara
Authors: Rahman Arief , Ade Mulada Diman
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dan menganalisa secara yuridis-sociolegal mengenai legalitas pemungutan hasil hutan pada hutan negara dan pemungutan hasil hutan dalam prakteknya di Kabupaten Sumbawa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode normative empiris. Bahan hukum yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif normatif, sedangkan data lapangan dilakukan croscek (triangulasi) dengan sumber data lain terlebih dahulu, dan selanjutnya dianlisis secara kualitatif, serta menyimpulkannya dengan logika penalaran deduktif-induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pemungutan atau pemanfaatan hasil hutan negara dikatakan legal apabila dari awal proses pemungutan atau pemanfaatan hasil hutan sampai dengan proses pengangkutan dan pemasarannya memiliki izin dan document dari pejabat yang berwenang. seperti Izin usaha pemanfaatan hasil hutan kayu (IUPHHK), Izin usaha pemanfaatan hasil hutan bukan kayu (IUPHHBK), Izin pemungutan hasil hutan kayu (IPHHK), Izin Pemungutan Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (IPHHBK), Surat Keterangan Sahnya Hasil Hutan Kayu (SKSHHK), Faktur Angkutan Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (FA-HHBK), dan Nota Angkutan. Dan juga sampai saat ini Pemerintah Kabupaten Sumbawa (instansi terkait dengan bidang kehutanan) belum pernah menerbitkaan izin pemanfaatan atau pemungutan hasil hutan kayu pada hutan negara karena memang belum pernah ada permintaan untuk itu. Namun dalam kenyataannya, kegiatan pemungutan hasil hutan kayu banyak dilakukan pada wilayah kawasan hutan negara, baik yang berfungsi lindung maupun produksi. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan semakin banyaknya ditahan truck-truck pengangkut hasil hutan kayu yang bermasalah karena persoalan asal usul kayu yang tidak jelas. Dalam dokumen asal usul kayunya diterangkan bahwa kayu tersebut berasal dari hasil hutan hak, namun setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan lebih mendalam (termasuk pemeriksaan tonggak), ternyata asal usul kayu tersebut bukan dari hutan hak melainkan dari hutan negara. Sedangkan untuk hasil hutan bukan kayu pada hutan negara, pemerintah (pejabat yang berwenang) mengakui pernah menerbitkan izin pemungutan hasil hutan bukan kayu tetapi dalam jumlah yang tidak banyak.
Inovasi Bahan Ajar Dinamika Gerak dengan Modul Pembelajaran Berbasis Discovery Learning
Authors: Fatihah Siti Halimatul , Mulyaningsih Neng Nenden , Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi
Published: December 2020

Physics learning with discovery learning approach requires students to be active in learning. In th schools in tangerang area, there is no discovery learning module available. the purpose of this research is to develop a physics learning module based on discovery learning on Motion materials. This research method is research & development with ADDIE model (analyze, design, development, implementetion, evaluation), using research instruments in the form of validation sheets. the data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that discovery learning-based physics learning modules are worth testing and implementing to students. This module has characteristics according to discovery learning syntax and user friendly so that students can learn independently.
Pengembangan Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Search, Solve, Create and Share (SSCS) Pada Materi Asam dan Basa
Authors: Wahyuningsih Dewi , Abdullah Abdullah , Herdini Herdini
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis SSCS pada Materi Asam dan Basa. Penelitian dirancang mengacu pada desain penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan model pengembangan Plomp. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa lembar validasi dan angket respon pengguna. Validasi dilakukan oleh 3 orang validator dan diperoleh hasil validasi pada aspek kelayakan isi, karakteristik SSCS, kebahasaan, sajian dan kegrafisan berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 92,71%, 91,67%, 96,67%, 97,22% dan 95,83% dengan kategori valid. Uji one to one dilakukan pada 6 orang peserta didik, LKPD mampu dikerjakan oleh peserta didik dengan baik, diperoleh waktu pengerjaan LKPD serta saran dan komentar peserta didik terhadap LKPD. Hasil penilaian LKPD dari sisi pengguna yaitu 20 orang peserta didik diperoleh persentase sebesar 90,45% dan penilaian oleh 2 orang guru kimia diperoleh persentase sebesar 93,42% dengan criteria sangat baik, artinya LKPD yang telah dikembangkan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Reasoning and Problem Solving dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Fisika Peserta Didik
Authors: Rahmawati Mulya , Sutrio Sutrio , Makhrus Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa perangkat pembelajaran modelreasoning and problem solving dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah model 4D yang terdiri dari tahapdefine, design,develop, dan disseminate. Tahap penelitian dibatasi sampai dengan tahap pengembangan (develop).Produk yang dikembangkan berupasilabus, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD), instrumen tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket dan alat evaluasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Data dianalisis dengan menentukan nilai rata-rata akhir(NA) dari validator. NA silabus sebesar 3,4 yang termasuk kategori sangat valid dan NA Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) 2,8 dengan kategori valid, NA Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik 2,9 sehingga dikategori valid, dan NA tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah sebesar 2,9 sehingga termasuk dalam kategori valid.Reliabilitas silabus, RPP, LKPD dan alat evaluasi kemampuan pemecahan masalah diatas 75 % menunjukkan keseluruhan aspek yang dinilai memiliki kategori reliabel.Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dari segi isi dan konstruksi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika peserta didik.
DIFFERENCES OF TEMOZOLAMIDE RESPONSE IN GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME: REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: Ardiansyah Djohan , Rahmawati Vita Kusuma , Utomo Sri Andreani
Published: December 2020

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is about 20% of primary adult brain neoplasms which has poor prognosis; life expectancy is no more than 12 months after the diagnosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) has become GBM standard therapy, combined with the surgery and radio-chemotherapy. Evaluation is important since its relation with the continuity or termination of therapy. Several studies are improving to measure therapy response of GBM. Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria which is published in 2010, became a major criterias to evaluate TMZ response in patients with GBM. This criteria combines clinical manifestation, steroid therapy, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Case: We report two GBM cases with standard management. Two women in productive ages and specific clinical manifestations, diagnosed with GBM in left temporal lobes. A 24-year-old woman showed complete response; while a-41-year old one showed progressive response.
Discussion: We analyze TMZ response based on RANO criteria. Prognostic factors that differentiate TMZ response in both cases were presence of comorbidity, intratumoral hemorrhage on MRI, and surgery initiation in early diagnosis.
Conclusion: Based on RANO criteria and prognostic factors which support TMZ response, the role of adjuvant TMZ become important in standard management of GBM.
Keywords: Glioblastoma Multiforme, Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology, Temozolomide.
La Revista Mexicana de Historia de la Educación: la renovación de un proyecto
Authors: Civera Cerecedo Alicia
Published: December 2020

Desde hace muchos años las personas que han estado involucradas en el ámbito de la educación se han preocupado por dejar huella de la creación y el desarrollo de las instituciones educativas, de la labor desarrollada por los profesores e incluso de los logros de estudiantes brillantes. Pero la historia de la educación, entendida como una disciplina científica que busca explicar o comprender la forma en que los procesos educativos se llevan a cabo en distintos ámbitos de la sociedad y, especialmente, en las instituciones y los sistemas creados ex profeso para instruir, capacitar o educar a las nuevas generaciones, es en realidad reciente.
Contribución tecnológica de apoyo a la integración social del adulto mayor
Authors: Bolaños González Manuel , Collazos Cesar Alberto , Gutiérrez Vela Francisco , Fardoun Habib
Published: December 2020

Este documento propone la aplicación del método general de construcción de teoría en disciplinas aplicadas, establecido por Swanson y Chermack, para generar estrategias orientadas a mantener activas las habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras de los adultos mayores. Considerando que varios autores coinciden en que las personas mayores sufren de aislamiento social y tecnológico (o incluso de exclusión) debido a su condición de envejecimiento, esta situación podría agravarse ya que la tendencia de crecimiento de la población de adultos mayores presenta niveles significativos. Es importante identificar experiencias documentadas sobre el aislamiento social de las personas mayores en el contexto global y prácticas que minimicen los efectos de este fenómeno. También es posible construir un conjunto de alternativas que ayuden a mejorar dichas habilidades con la caracterización de las habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras de los adultos mayores.
Desarrollo de un Modelo 3D para un Sistema Infotainment
Authors: Nava-García Andreé M. , Luna-García Huizilopoztli , Celaya-Padilla José Ma. , Haro-Márquez Manuel , Galván-Tejada Carlos E. , Galván-Tejada Jorge I. , Gamboa-Rosales Hamurabi , Flores-Chaires Luis Alberto
Published: December 2020

En la actualidad somos testigos del constante avance en el desarrollo de tecnologías para la industria automotriz donde cada día hay avances y mejoras significativas para brindar mayor comodidad a los pasajeros. Una de las tecnologías del vehículo que está especialmente en desarrollo es el diseño de interfaces de usuario específicas para sistemas infotainment y diferentes tipos de interacción, por ejemplo, la implementación de interfaces de usuario 3D para proporcionar retroalimentación al usuario. Estas interfaces se pueden crear a partir de tecnologías disponibles en el mercado, tanto de software libre como privado para el diseño de modelos 3D y para el desarrollo de Interfaces Humano Máquina utilizados en la industria automotriz. Este artículo describe el proceso que se llevó a cabo para el desarrollo de una interfaz funcional a partir de tecnologías para el modelado 3D y diseño de interfaces. Dicha interfaz proporciona una retroalimentación visual al usuario que permite comprender lo que sucede en el vehículo.
Towards the development of a framework for the design of Automotive Infotainment Systems: First contextual approaches
Authors: Domínguez-Báez Carlos Alberto , Mendoza-Gonzalez Ricardo , Luna-García Huizilopoztli , Sarmiento Wilson J. , Rodríguez-Díaz Mario Alberto , Luna-Rosas Francisco , Martínez-Romo Julio César
Published: December 2020

The objective of this article was to establish the first contextual approaches for the development of a framework focused on the design of automotive infotainment systems. Therefore, a method was developed to identify a group of characteristics of the infotainment system interfaces that ensure a good user experience by the user, according to previous studies. Besides, the establishment of usability is proposed as a basis for the development of the tool.
Water Quality Assessment for Tigris River Through Salah Al-Din Province, Iraq Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Qassim Noorhan M. , Ahmed Bushra A.
Published: December 2020

water quality assessment is still being done at specific locations of major concern. The use of Geographical Information System (GIS) based water quality information system and spatial analysis with Inverse Distance Weighted interpolation enabled the mapping of water quality indicators along Tigris river in Salah Al-Din government, Iraq. Water quality indicators were monitored by taking 13 river samples from different locations along the river during Winter season year 2020. Maps of 10 water quality indicators. This meant that the specific water quality indicator and diffuse pollution characteristics in the basin were better illustrated with the variations displayed along the course of the river than conventional line graphs. Creation of water quality maps would enhance surveillance, implementation of standards and regulations for better management and control of pollution.
Oral Peer Feedback in A Flipped Speaking Job Interview Class: Practice And Learners’ Attitudes
Authors: Sumardi  , Anisa Khairani Dian , Aniq Lailatun Nurul
Published: December 2020

Since flipped learning facilitates student-centered approach, it is necessary to administer such assessment which involves studentsâ€™ participation. As the assessment as learning, peer feedback facilitates students to offer and receive comments from their peers. The present study aimed at investigating the practice and studentsâ€™ voices of peer feedback in their flipped speaking job interview class. Twelfth graders of a state vocational high school in Indonesia (n=30) participated in this case study. The data gathered from the result of observation, student questionnaire, and semi-structured interview. The study indicated that students had a positive attitude toward peer feedback. It fostered more interaction with peers resulting in a more dynamic atmosphere. Moreover, students perceived peer feedback as a useful activity to locate their errors and learn strategies to soften their comments. The study serves as a guideline for applying peer feedback in the speaking area utilizing flipped instruction.