bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Projeto Político Pedagógico da Educação Infantil: Uma proposta de construção dialógica na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Toropi-RS
Authors: Franzen Karine Gutheil , Lunardi Elisiane Machado
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho visa apresentar reflexões sobre os desafios na construção do Projeto Político Pedagógico da Educação Infantil da rede municipal de Ensino de Toropi-RS, onde foi realizada uma pesquisa de dissertação de Mestrado, concluída no ano de 2018, que objetivava realizar processo de discussão dialógica com gestores e professores para discussão do PPP da Educação Infantil. Metodologicamente o estudo fundamentou-se em uma abordagem qualitativa, através de pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e dos círculos dialógicos investigativo-formativos, realizados com os sujeitos coautores da pesquisa. Percebemos que gestores e professores, em muitos casos, não sabem lidar com a autonomia que lhes é garantida, limitando-se aos afazeres do dia a dia da escola, sendo necessário, portanto, maior comprometimento dos mesmos para que o processo de elaboração do PPP da escola se efetive de forma democrática. Os diálogos emergidos dos círculos dialógicos investigativo-formativos com gestores e professores oportunizaram uma reflexão sobre a teoria e a prática, por meio da ação-reflexão-ação, possibilitando novos olhares sobre a gestão da Educação Infantil e do processo de elaboração do Projeto Político Pedagógico, promovendo a auto(trans)formação dos sujeitos coautores envolvidos nesse processo.
DINAMIKA POPULASI DAN TINGKAT PEMANFAATAN KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata Forskal, 1775) DI PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN ARU DAN SEKITARNYA, MALUKU
Authors: Pane Andina Ramadhani
Published: February 2020

Peningkatan permintaan kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata) di Kepulauan Aru memacu peningkatan upaya penangkapan. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya  pengelolaan yang didasarkan hasil kajian ilmiah. Informasi tentang dinamika populasi dan tingkat pemanfaatan menjadi dasar bagi pengelolaan sumberdaya kepiting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi dan tingkat pemanfaatan kepiting bakau di Kepulauan Aru dan sekitarnya. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 (dua) tahun yaitu Maret hingga Desember 2017 dan 2018 dengan metode survey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur ukuran kepiting bakau diatas lebih dari 58 % berukuran dibawah 150 mm dengan ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (CWc) adalah 148,6 mm. Pola pertumbuhan kepiting bakau bersifat allometrik negatif dengan nisbah kelamin tidak seimbang antara jantan dan betina. Laju pertumbuhan (K) adalah 0,7 per tahun dengan tingkat kematian alamiah (M) lebih besar daripada kematian karena penangkapan (F). Tingkat pemanfaatan (E) 0,48 menunjukan penangkapan yang ada dalam kondisi lestari. Upaya pelestarian sumberdaya kepiting dapat dilakukan dengan mengurangi memberikan edukasi tentang ukuran kepiting yang ditangkap dan menjaga kelestarian hutan mangrove.
KÜRESEL SORUNLAR EKONOMİK KRİZLERİN ULUSLARARASI YANSIMALARI
Authors: ORAN İbrahim Bora
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı dünya tarihinde önceki yıllarda ve küreselleşme sürecinde bazı ülkelerde ortaya çıkan ekonomik krizlerin diğer ülkeler üzerindeki etkileri ve gelişmiş ya da gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki etkilenmeler arasındaki farkları araştırmaktır.

Bu araştırma ile bazı ülkelerde yaşanan krizlerin hem ortaya çıktığı ülkenin hem de diğer ülkelerin ekonomik verileri üzerinde oluşturduğu değişim oranlarına göre analiz yapılmaktadır.

Küreselleşme sonucunda dünyanın ekonomik ve sosyal perspektifinde gözlemlenen yansımaları ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Öncelikle genel olarak ekonomik kriz kavramı ve dünyada meydana gelen önemli büyük krizler hakkında bilgi verilmektedir. Daha sonra yaşanan en büyük finansal krizler olarak bilinen 1929 Büyük Buhran ve 2008 Dünya Ekonomik Krizlerinin başlama nedenleri, etkileri, sonuçları ve süreleri arasındaki farklar örnek alınarak incelenmektedir.

Bu çalışma ile krizlerin gelişmiş ülkelerdeki etkilerinin özellikle karlılık oranlarında düşme eğilimi görülmesi, diğer taraftan gelişmekte olan ülke ekonomilerinde uluslararası ticari faaliyetlerinde azalma, üretimin azalması, ihracat oranlarının düşmesi ve toplumsal olarak ekonomik güçlükler ortaya çıkması değerlendirilmektedir.

Ülkelerin istihdam oranlarında yaratılan düşme eğiliminin arka planında bu krizlerin yansımaları araştırılarak küreselleşme sistemi bir de krizler açısından irdelenmektedir.

Jel Kodları: F6
TAYLOR KURALI MEKANİZMASINA BENZER ŞEKİLDE BİR MEKANİZMA İNŞASI ÇABASI: BİST-100 ÜZERİNE SINAMALAR
Authors: YALÇINKAYA Ömer , EMSEN Ömer Selçuk , SADEGHZADEH EMSEN Hatıra
Published: February 2020

Faizin belirlemesine yönelik olarak geliştirilen Taylor kuralı, iç ve dış unsurlardan hareketle yurtiçi faiz oranlarının hangi düzeyde olacağını ortaya koyan bir mekanizmadır. Taylor kuralında enflasyon ve gelir iç unsur iken, döviz kuru dış unsurdur. Faiz açısından bu mekanizmanın güçlü işlerliği dikkate alındığında, borsanın da benzeri bir yol izleyebileceği düşünülebilir. Dolayısıyla buradan hareketle Taylor kuralında sayılan değişkenlere ilaveten, faiz oranı, altın fiyatları ve dış borsa değerleri modele dâhil edilmiştir. Böylece iç unsur olarak enflasyon (EA), faiz (FA) ve gelir (YA) alınmış; dış unsur olarak da döviz kuru (DA), altın (AA) ve dış borsa (SA) değeri modellenmiştir. Taylor kuralı kapsamında oluşturulan modellerdeki tüm değişkenler Hodrick-Prescot filtrelemesine tabi tutularak açık cinsinden tanımlanmıştır. 1998:Q1-2019:Q3 arası dönem için doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan sırasıyla L-ARDL ve NL-ARDL yöntemleri ile modeller tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda, EA değişkeni L-ARDL sonuçlarında anlamlı ve buna karşılık NL-ARDL sonuçlarında ise anlamsız çıkmıştır. Bunun dışında modelde yer alan tüm değişkenler ise istatistiki açıdan anlamlı çıkmıştır. Buna göre borsa üzerine YA, FA ve AA değişkenlerinin etkileri negatif; SA ve DA değişkenleri ise pozitif bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulardan hareketle, Türkiye ekonomisinde borsanın Taylor kuralı mekanizması mantığı çerçevesinde içsel ve dışsal değişkenlerden etkilendiği görülmüştür. Bu değişkenler içerisinde borsanın üretimden, yani ekonomik büyümeden olumsuz yönde etkilenmesi, Türkiye ekonomisinde reel ekonomik boyuttan ziyade, parasal ve dolayısıyla spekülatif boyutun güçlü bir şekilde işlediğini ortaya koymuştur. Buna karşılık diğer değişkenlerin genel eğilimi yansıtacak şekilde oluştuğu dikkat çekmiştir.

Jel Kodları: B40, C51, G17.
A Mutation in γ-Adducin Impairs Autoregulation of Renal Blood Flow and Promotes the Development of Kidney Disease
Authors: Fan Fan , Geurts Aron M. , Pabbidi Mallikarjuna R. , Ge Ying , Zhang Chao , Wang Shaoxun , Liu Yedan , Gao Wenjun , Guo Ya , Li Longyang , He Xiaochen , Lv Wenshan , Muroya Yoshikazu , Hirata Takashi , Prokop Jeremy , Booz George W. , Jacob Howard J. , Roman Richard J.
Published: February 2020

Significance Statement

The genes and mechanisms underlying the association between diabetes or hypertension and CKD risk are unclear. The authors identified a recessive K572Q mutation in γ-adducin (Add3), which encodes a cytoskeletal protein (ADD3), in fawn-hooded hypertensive (FHH) rats—a mutation also reported in Milan normotensive (MNS) rats that develop renal disease. They demonstrated that FHH and Add3 knockout rats had impairments in the myogenic response of afferent arterioles and in renal blood flow autoregulation, which were rescued in Add3 transgenic rats. They confirmed the K572Q mutation’s role in altering the myogenic response in a genetic complementation study that involved crossing FHH and MNS rats. The work is the first to demonstrate that a mutation in ADD3 that causes renal vascular dysfunction also promotes susceptibility to kidney disease.

Background

The genes and mechanisms involved in the association between diabetes or hypertension and CKD risk are unclear. Previous studies have implicated a role for γ-adducin (ADD3), a cytoskeletal protein encoded by Add3.

Methods

We investigated renal vascular function in vitro and in vivo and the susceptibility to CKD in rats with wild-type or mutated Add3 and in genetically modified rats with overexpression or knockout of ADD3. We also studied glomeruli and primary renal vascular smooth muscle cells isolated from these rats.

Results

This study identified a K572Q mutation in ADD3 in fawn-hooded hypertensive (FHH) rats—a mutation previously reported in Milan normotensive (MNS) rats that also develop kidney disease. Using molecular dynamic simulations, we found that this mutation destabilizes a critical ADD3-ACTIN binding site. A reduction of ADD3 expression in membrane fractions prepared from the kidney and renal vascular smooth muscle cells of FHH rats was associated with the disruption of the F-actin cytoskeleton. Compared with renal vascular smooth muscle cells from Add3 transgenic rats, those from FHH rats had elevated membrane expression of BKα and BK channel current. FHH and Add3 knockout rats exhibited impairments in the myogenic response of afferent arterioles and in renal blood flow autoregulation, which were rescued in Add3 transgenic rats. We confirmed these findings in a genetic complementation study that involved crossing FHH and MNS rats that share the ADD3 mutation. Add3 transgenic rats showed attenuation of proteinuria, glomerular injury, and kidney fibrosis with aging and mineralocorticoid-induced hypertension.

Conclusions

This is the first report that a mutation in ADD3 that alters ACTIN binding causes renal vascular dysfunction and promotes the susceptibility to kidney disease.
The Prevalence of Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa of the Proximal Esophagus and the Relationship Between Clinical and Endoscopic Findings
Authors: KARAGÖZ Hatice , KARAMAN Ahmet
Published: February 2020

PurposeIn this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of HGMPE and the relationship between clinical and endoscopic findings. Patients and MethodsBetween December 2013 and February 2018, a total of 4126 patients, 2091 women and 2035 men, who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the gastroenterology unit of Acıbadem Kayseri Hastanesi were retrospectively screened.Totally, 122 patients, 54 women and 68 men found to have heterotopic gastric mucosa and a control group of age and sex matched 241 patients, 107 women and 134 men who do not have heterotopic gastric mucosa were included the study.ResultsWe found the prevalence of HGMPE 2.96 % in our study. Dysphagia was significantly higher in the case group, whereas abdominal pain was higher in the control group.Conclusion Because of the controversies among the studies we think that HGMPE may be a frequent finding if the endoscopist be aware of this entity. Although the controversies remain regarding the clinical significance of this entity, increasing number of cases of neoplastic transformation has further increased the importance of HGMPE.
ESTIMASI PERHITUNGAN KALOR DAN LAJU ALIRAN KALOR PADA UNTAI FASSIP-02
Authors: Ningsih Lutfi Fitria , Sofyan Ahmad Rofiq , Giarno Giarno , Haryanto Dedy , Witoko Joko Prasetyo , Juarsa Mulya
Published: February 2020

ESTIMASI PERHITUNGAN KALOR DAN LAJU ALIRAN KALOR PADA UNTAI FASSIP02. Kecelakaan reaktor nuklir di Fukushima karena adanya gempa bumi yang menyebabkan tsunami sehingga mematikan sistem kelistrikan untuk pemompa air pendingin. Dari kejadian tersebut dibutuhkan suatu sistem pasif yang tidak membutuhkan energi dari luar untuk pendinginan darurat. Sistem pasif dibuat berdasarkan prinsip natural circulation (sirkulasi alami) dimana pergerakan molekul air karena adanya perubahan densitas ketika terjadi pemanasan. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem Untai FASSIP-02 maka dilakukan pendekatan study literatur dan estimasi perhitungan kalor dan waktu penguapan air dalam tangki pendinginan air (water cooling tank / WCT). Selain itu juga dilakukanperhitungan laju aliran kalor dan waktu pemanasan air di kolam WCT hingga mencapai temperatur 100 ̊ C berdasarkan ukuran geometri dan parameter yang telah ditentukan. Dari estimasi yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai kalor terbesar yaitu 18835340,38 kJ dan yang terkecil 3767068,07 kJ. Waktu penguapan terbesar 10,9 hari dan terkecil 2,18 hari. Laju aliran kalor terbesar diperoleh 333,05 kW dan yang terkecil 4,16 kW dengan waktu pemanasan terbesar 151,86 jam dan terkecil 0,76 jam.Kata kunci: estimasi, kalor, sirkulasi alami, sistem pasif, Untai FASSIP-02
Analisis Keandalan Perawatan Sub-sistem Elektrik, Instrumentasi dan Kontrol RSG-GAS
Authors: Susmikanti Mike , Hartini Entin , Saepudin Aep , Purwadi Purwadi
Published: February 2020

Analisis keandalan sub-sistem merupakan faktor utama pada manajemen penuaan RSG-GAS. Laporan Operasi RSG-GAS belum digunakan secara optimal untuk kajian keandalan khususnya sub-sistem elektrik,  instrumentasi, dan kontrol. Sistem basis data RSG-GAS belum digunakan untuk membantu pencarian data kegagalan dan perawatan sub-sistem.  Demikian pula, analisis keandalan belum dilakukan untuk memantau kinerja sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi, dan kontrol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis keandalan pada sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi dan kontrol. Kegiatan penelitian meliputi pencarian data dan informasi melalui sistem basis data, khususnya kegagalan untuk sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi, dan kontrol pada Teras nomor 53 sampai 88 pada rentang tahun 2005-2015. Dilakukan perhitungan frekuensi kegagalan pada sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi, dan kontrol, kemudian dilakukan uji kesuaian untuk bentuk sebaran data waktu kegagalan serta perhitungan parameter rata-rata waktu kegagalan. Hasil analisis dilakukan untuk memperoleh sebaran yang sesuai  untuk masing-masing sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi, dan kontrol yang mengalami kegagalan dalam kurun waktu tersebut. Berdasarkan jenis sebaran yang sesuai diperoleh parameter rata-rata waktu kegagalan sub-sistem. Dilakukan perbandingan rata-rata waktu kegagalan terhadap interval waktu perawatan sub-sistem. Apabila rata-rata waktu kegagalan lebih lama dari interval waktu perawatan yang telah ditetapkan, maka perawatan untuk sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi, dan kontrol relatif baik. Melalui analisis keandalan perawatan, diperoleh bahwa sub-sistem elektrik, instrumentasi. dan kontrol relatif masih dalam kondisi baik.Kata kunci: Manajemen Penuaan, Analisis Keandalan, Perawatan dan Kegagalan, Sub-sistem Elektrik, Sub-sistem Instrumentasi dan Kontrol, RSG-GAS
Studi Awal Desain Sistem Injeksi Aerosol Pada Pengembangan Fasilitas Eksperimen Pengungkung Containment (FESPeCo Mod.1)
Authors: Adtyas Budiman Arif , Citra Almira , Prasetio W Joko
Published: February 2020

Salah satu skenario kecelakaan reaktor nuklir berpendingin air ringan yaitu adanya lepasan zat radioaktif akibat terjadinya kebocoran sistem pemipaan primer. Simulasi kecelakaan dengan skenario tersebut dapat dilakukan menggunakan Fasilitas Eksperimen Simulasi Pendingin Containment (FESPeCo). Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan penelitan saat ini, revitalisasi FESPeCo dilakukan dengan menambahkan sistem injeksi aerosol menjadi FESPeCo Mod.1. Sistem injeksi aerosol terdiri dari unit kompressor, pengaduk, dan pengatur aliran fluida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kandidat desain tabung aerosolsebelum dilakukan fabrikasi. Metode Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) digunakan sebagai perangkat utama analisis dinamika fluida.. Untuk melihat pengaruh dinamika fluida terhadap bentuk geometri, variasi tekanan operasi diberikan pada keempat model diantaranya TAB 01, TAB 02, TAB 03, dan TAB 04. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terhadap keempat model tersebut, bentuk geometri ruang silinder memegang peranan penting dalam pengadukan. Selain itu, perbedaan ukuran inlet dan outlet dapat mempengaruhi kuantitas keluaran aerosol yang signifikan,ditinjau dari besar kecepatan aliran dan beda tekanannya. Oleh karena itu, model TAB 04 dapat direkomendasikan sebagai kandidat utama tabung aerosol bertekanan pada sistem injeksi aerosol. Kata kunci : Aerosol, Sistem Injeksi Aerosol, Laju Aliran, Beda Tekanan, FESPeCo Mod.1.
Educación, sociedad y “deber de memoria”: contexto y bordes de esta problemática en Colombia
Authors: García Vera Nylza Offir
Published: February 2020

En este artículo de reflexión, se presentan algunas aproximaciones al contexto global de la memoria,y en particular, a los escenarios políticos y sociales en los que se inscribe el deber de memoria en Colombia, a propósito de la promulgación de la Ley de Víctimas y Restitución de Tierras, en cuyo seno se gestaron otras políticas de la memoria que tocan a la sociedad en su conjunto y al campo educativo, en especial. Se expone, también, una reflexión sobre el papel de la educación, la pregunta ética por la memoria y la necesaria reconstrucción del vínculo social, cuando se trata de hacer conciencia pública del daño moral causado a las víctimas por efecto de una guerra degrada y prolongada, que ha tenido lugar en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano.
Immigrants’ educational credentials leading to employment outcomes: The role played by language skills
Authors: Miyar-Busto María , Mato Díaz Fco. Javier , Gutiérrez Rodolfo
Published: February 2020

Transferability of human capital is a key issue in the analysis of immigrants’ integration in the destination country, according to both empirical and theoretical literature. In addition to the problem of recognition of immigrants’ educational credentials and their lack of social networks, language is highlighted in the literature as a crucial factor regarding human capital transfer. This paper considers the role played by Spanish language skills in the integration of migrants into the labour market in Spain. It takes advantage of the fact that about half of the immigrant population have Spanish as their native language, and of the diversity levels of fluency in Spanish among the remaining immigrants. Using the Labour Force Survey special module on the labour market situation of immigrants (INE 2015), the research has two purposes: first, to measure the direct effect of language skills on employment outcomes; and second, to analyze the complementary vs. substitution hypotheses regarding the interaction between Spanish language skills and educational credentials as determining factors for employment. The results confirm that skill levels in Spanish have a significant role regarding access to employment. Regarding the complementary vs. substitution hypotheses, interesting gender differences appear that confirm the striking contrasts in the Spanish labour market for female and male immigrants. For men, their level of Spanish acts as a complement to their educational qualifications in helping them to obtain employment, but this is not the case for women. However, female immigrant workers seem to obtain higher employment returns on their educational qualifications than men when it comes to avoiding very low-skilled jobs.
Las ocupaciones laborales en función de los requisitos de competencias lingüísticas: una categorización mediante redes neuronales artificiales
Authors: Molina-Cobo Carmen , Sorrosal M. Teresa , Vidal-Suñé Antoni
Published: February 2020

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo agrupar las distintas ocupaciones laborales en diversas categorías en función de la semejanza en los requisitos que presenta cada ocupación en cuanto a competencias lingüísticas. Para ello, se utilizan los datos para las ocupaciones definidas en la O’Net-SOC-2010 para EE.UU. en 2015. Se consideran tres clasificaciones, en función del nivel de desagregación que presentan los datos de O’Net. El análisis se efectúa mediante redes neuronales artificiales, en concreto, los mapas autoorganizativos de Kohonen (SOM). Se pretende así analizar si el nivel de desagregación de las ocupaciones influye en la clasificación de dichas ocupaciones en función del nivel requerido de competencias lingüísticas. La aportación que se realiza es novedosa, ya que, hasta donde conocemos, no existe ningún trabajo previo que utilice los SOM para la clasificación de las ocupaciones laborales considerando las competencias lingüísticas requeridas. Dicho análisis puede ayudar a los investigadores sociales en el estudio del impacto e influencia que presentan los componentes lingüís- ticos del trabajo en la productividad laboral, la empleabilidad de los trabajadores, los resultados empresariales y la generación de ventajas competitivas basadas en el lenguaje, entre otras.
Language and Witchcraft as a Trade: Insights from, Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Kiguru Gatitu , Mwangi Phyllis W. , Nthiga Purity M. , Kimuyu Caryn
Published: February 2020

Witchcraft is defined as the use of magical powers for healing, seeing into the future, causing harm or for religion.  The belief in the powers of witchcraft is widespread in Africa. Due to these perceived magical powers people from different walks of life seek for various forms of treatments from witchdoctors.  As such, witchcraft in Africa is a trade complete with a marked use of language that sustains in in modern society. This article reports on an analysis of language used by witchdoctors in Machakos County in Kenya, and respondents’ views about witchcraft. The objectives of the study were twofold. One was to identify and describe the language strategies that mark witchcraft as trade. The second objective was to explore the socio-psychological factors governing the use of the language by witchdoctors. Two witchdoctors were purposively sampled: one male and one female. The primary data were collected through recorded interviews of the witchdoctors. It was found that the witchdoctors use various language strategies to attract and retain clientele and that these strategies are a factor of the socio-psychological environment in which the witchdoctors operate.   Moreover, the study established that witchdoctor still find relevance in the modern Kenyan society because of prevalent beliefs about social and medical problems.  This paper thus argues that language is an important tool in the witchcraft trade that serves to purposely obscure meaning in order to shroud the trade in secrecy, enhance social exclusion and consequently sustain the belief in the magical powers of the witchdoctors.
IMPACTO DE LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN EN EL ACCESO A INFORMACIÓN SOBRE EL CUIDADO E HIGIENE BUCAL EN EL PERÚ, 2013-2016
Authors: León Manco Roberto Antonio , Villavicencio Montenegro Ángela Lizeth
Published: February 2020

Introducción: los medios de comunicación son nuevas formas para transmitir información en salud debido al fácil acceso en la población. El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en determinar el impacto de los medios de comunicación en el acceso a la información sobre el cuidado e higiene bucal en la población peruana entre 2013 y 2016. Métodos: estudio longitudinal y observacional. Se utilizaron las bases de datos de las Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES) de 2013 a 2016, siendo las variables el acceso a información, entidad y sector proveedor de información, ámbito geográfico, región natural y año. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, bivariado (Chi-cuadrado) y multivariado (Regresión Loglineal de Poisson), con un nivel de confianza de 95% y un p<0.05. Resultados: el acceso a información sobre el cuidado e higiene bucal por los medios de comunicación en menores de 12 años de edad fue 12.8% en 2013 y disminuyó hasta 8.94% en 2016. Se encontró un impacto positivo de los medios de comunicación para obtener información sobre el cuidado en salud bucal ajustado por ámbito geográfico y región natural: 2013 con RP: 1,96 (1,89-2,02); 2014 con RP: 1,85 (1,82-1,87); 2015 con RP: 1,61 (1,60-1,63); 2016 con RP: 1,62 (1,60-1,64) y 2013-2016 con RP: 1,69 (1,68-1,79). Conclusiones: el acceso a la información sobre el cuidado e higiene bucal brindado por los medios de comunicación ha ido disminuyendo en el Perú; sin embargo, tienen un impacto positivo en el acceso, aumentado la probabilidad de quienes usan este medio en comparación con los otros proveedores de información, inclusive considerando el ámbito geográfico y la región natural.
ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DE PLATA INMOVILIZADAS EN CEMENTO DE ÓXIDO DE ZINC-EUGENOL CONTRA EL ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS: ESTUDIO IN VITRO
Authors: Duque-Aristizabal Juan Camilo , Isaza-Areiza Liza Maria , Tobon-Calle Diego , Londoño Lopez Martha Elena
Published: February 2020

Introduction: the aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of silver nanoparticles immobilized in a zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) cement against Enterococcus faecalis for potential use in endodontic treatments. Method: experimental in vitro study, performing synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and UV-visible spectroscopy to confirm presence of AgNPs in the prepared solutions. The ZOE mixture was standardized, producing the integrated AgNPs/ZOE material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the integrated material; a KirbyBauer assay was finally run to measure the inhibition halos produced by the compound-microorganism interaction. Results: the UV-visible spectroscopy showed presence of AgNPs in the created solution; both SEM and FTIR show that the AgNPs are integrated into the ZOE system, not altering their properties when performed under conditions like those found in the mouth. The Kirby-Bauer assay shows that all samples had inhibition halos. The AgNPs in guava extract had statistically significant differences with the halos of the other samples (p < 0.05). Conclusions: the obtained AgNPs show bactericidal activity against Enterococcus faecalis, as a statistically significant difference was found between the AgNPs suspended in guava extract and the other groups; this will be the starting point for future research
USO DE ANALGÉSICOS Y ANTIINFLAMATORIOS EN UN SERVICIO DE CIRUGÍA BUCAL EN MEDELLÍN, 2013-2015
Authors: Hernández Viana Stefanía , Silva Gómez Natalia , Gálvis Pareja David Andrés , Martínez Pabón María Cecilia
Published: February 2020

Introduction: dental surgical procedures trigger an inflammatory response, for which dental practitioners prescribe analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications using pharmacological guidelines that require knowledge on the use of medicines in a given environment. The aim of the present study was to identify the analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs most commonly prescribed at the oral surgery service of the Universidad de Antioquia School of Dentistry. Methods: this retrospective descriptive study reviewed the clinical records of the oral surgery service in the period January 2013-August 2015. A total of 1,177 records were reviewed, and 709 were selected for analysis. Results: 53.1% of the drugs prescribed were non-selective Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). Ibuprofen was formulated in 26.7% of all cases, followed by nimesulide with 24.1% and the combination of acetaminophen plus meloxicam with 10.2%. This same prescription pattern was observed in patients reporting no additional relevant medical history. In the case of gastric history, nimesulide was the drug of choice. 84% of all procedures were surgical extractions of third molars, with ibuprofen 600 mg postoperative for three days as the main therapeutic scheme. Conclusion: ibuprofen, nimesulide, and the combination acetaminophen plus meloxicam were the main analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed in this study, according to medical and surgical records.
Assessment of adherence to preventive treatment of plaque-induced oral diseases using sugar-free gums: a controlled clinical trial
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Martínez-Pabón María Cecilia , Mesa-Arango Carolina ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Martínez-Delgado Cecilia María ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Pérez-Cano María Isabel ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Isaza-Guzmán Diana María ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Tobón-Arroyave Sergio Iván ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: February 2020

Introduction: the aim of this study was to assess the adherence to a preventive treatment of plaque-induced oral diseases using two sugar-free gums, establishing their effect on cariogenic bacteria counts as abiological marker of treatment response. Methods: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, controlled intervention study was conducted in 96 young adult university students in an experimental period of 30 days. Participants were distributed into two groups and given a chewing gum with either pentitol or hexitol + CPP-ACP complex to be taken three times a day for 20 minutes after conventional oral hygiene. Saliva samples were collected at baseline to evaluate counts of Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus spp. A survey was conducted at the end of the experimental period to assess the levels of adherence to treatment, remeasuring bacterial counts. Results: SM counts showed statistically significant differences between the study groups at the end of the experimental period, with a decreasing tendency in both groups. Intragroup difference was observed in patients who took pentitol gum with a marked reduction in SM counts. Conclusion: the final estimate of adherence to treatment showed that the type of chewing gum patients were given had no influence and therefore such gums can be used, considering the therapeutic agents that most contribute to patient’s particular case and preferences.
THE EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE PICO STRATEGY APPLIED TO DENTISTRY USING MESH, EMTREE AND DECS
Authors: Alarcón Gil María Teresa , Osorio Toro Sonia , Baena Caldas Gloria Patricia
Published: February 2020

Introduction: the PICO mnemonic is an evidence-based medicine tool that helps formulate the research questions needed to conduct the right search for scientific information. To properly classify this information, controlled languages or thesauruses are used for information retrieval. The aim was to identify whether the PICO search strategy in evidence-based medicine using the MeSH, Emtree and DeCS thesauruses answers a research question in the field of dentistry. Methods: to carry out the PICO strategy, a research question was formulated, identifying the natural language terms for each component of the PICO acronym, which were normalized into the three thesauruses to create the search equations. Results: 43 results were foundon Medline through PubMed, 5 on Embase, and 0 on LILACS. There were 4 original articles that answer the research question, proving to be an effective strategy for finding clinical evidence. Conclusion: this study shows that the strategy helps obtain results to answer the question posed. It should be noted that, in order to successfully search and retrieve information, researchers should use the PICO strategy and get familiar with the thesauruses that help structure search equations in the various bibliographic databases.
Muscle contraction dynamics during chronic alcoholization
Authors: Podpalova O.
Published: February 2020

Alcoholic myopathy is considered a multifactorial disease. The mechanisms leading to the development of muscle pathology in the case of excessive alcohol consumption have several implementation options. Chronic alcohol intake and acute alcohol intoxication can reduce the rate of protein synthesis, including myofibrillar proteins, leading to at least 2 functional changes in contractile processes: increased relaxation time and inadequate, incorrect muscle contraction. Chronic alcohol abuse contributes to the impairment of muscle contraction, including the reduction of the force and mechanokinetic parameters of contraction, which may be the result of the ultrastructural organization disruption of myocytes and their atrophy, because ethanol is able to interact directly on membrane structures. Impaired membrane structures and increased Ca2+ -ATPase activity lead to changes in calcium homeostasis and impaired muscle contractile function.Alcohol myopathy is also represents by skeletal muscles weakness, which is caused by a decreasement of the relative weight of myosin, desmin, actin and troponin, titin and nebulin, as ethanol and acetaldehyde act like as potent inhibitors of synthesis of myofibilar and sarcoplasmic proteins. The purpose of the study was to compare the dynamics of the parameters of skeletal muscle contraction of alcoholic rats using electrical stimulation with different relaxation times. In the first series of the experiment, we performed stimulation of m.tibialis rats with electrical pulses of 2.3.4.5 seconds. With a relaxation period of 30 s. In the next series of experiments, we increased the relaxation time to 1 min. in these stimulating conditions, myopathic muscles tend to increase the relaxation time rather than qualitatively or quantitatively change the dynamics of its contractile processes.
Influence of methyure and ivin preparations on vacuolar Ca2+/H+ antiporter of Zea mays L. root cells under salt stress
Authors: Rudnytska M. , Palladina T.
Published: February 2020

Because calcium plays an important role in the regulation of growth and development processes in plant organism as well as the formation of a
specific physiological response to the action of various stressors, acting as a secondary messenger, the purpose of the study was to study the
effect of heterocyclic drugs Methyure and Ivin of root cells Zea mays L. under salt stress. The roots of maize hybrids of Ostrich CB were exposed in the presence of 0.1 M sodium chloride for 1 and 10 days. Vacuolar membranes were obtained from corn root homogenate by centrifugation in a sucrose step gradient. The activity of the Са2+/Н+-antiporter was evaluated by the proton release from vesicles by adding calcium ions to the incubation medium, expressing ∆F% per mg of protein per minute. Under control conditions, heterocyclic drugs Methyure and Ivin do not affect the activity of Са2+/Н+-antiporter in the vacuolar membranes of corn roots and do not significantly contribute to the development of stress response in plants. At the same time, under the conditions of salt exposure of maize seedlings the opposite directed effect of Methyure and Ivin on the activity of Са2+/Н+-antiporter in the membranes of root vacuoles was revealed. Thus, under prolonged salt exposure, Methyure increases the activity of Са2+/Н+-antiporter in the vacuolar membrane of the root and, on the contrary, Ivin reduces it, which may be due to the differences in chemical composition of these heterocyclic drugs. The results, that were obtained, indicate that the salt-protective effect of the heterocyclic drug Methyure may also be due to its effect on the functional activity of the Са2+/Н+-antiporter in the vacuolar membrane of corn root.
Suppression of gastric ulcers formation under immobilization water-immersion stress by preliminary transplantating the multipotent stromal cells
Authors: Semenova Y.-M. , Nikolsky I. , Ostapchenko L.
Published: February 2020

To investigate the effect of pre-transplantation of multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) of bone marrow on gastric ulcer formation and the state of the immune system in conditions of acute and prolonged stress. Wistar rats reproduced immobilizing water-immersion stress of 2 types: acute and prolonged. Investigated the number and area of stress ulcers, thymus and spleen, as well as hematologic parameters, proliferative and cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, splenocytes and cells of lymph nodes, determined the absorption activity of neutrophils. With prolonged stress as a result of MSC transplantation, the number and area of ulcers significantly decreased, indicating the adaptive protective effect of cells. With acute stress, the introduction of MSC had virtually no effect on ulcer formation. With prolonged stress, there was a decrease in thymus, spleen and leukocyte counts in the blood. Under the influence of transplanted MSCs, the number of all mobilized cells was normalized with the exception of lymphocytes. The natural cytotoxicity and proliferative activity of splenocytes, cells of lymph nodes and peripheral blood in acute and prolonged stress as a result of the introduction of MSC did not change significantly. The introduction of bone marrow MSС 24 h before the last reproduction of stress responses in the model of prolonged stress significantly reduced the number and area of ulcers, which generally indicates the anti-ulcer effect of cells, and normalized the stress-induced quantitative cellular changes in the immune system. Transplantation of bone marrow MSCs to rats prior to reproduction of stress enhances the adaptive antistress mechanisms that develop during prolonged stress, leading to suppression of gastric ulcer formation and significantly altering immune system activity. It can be assumed that one of the mechanisms of action on the body of MSCs is to promote the formation of adaptive responses.
Bud burst phenology in different poplar and willow clones
Authors: Khoma Y. , Kutsokon N.
Published: February 2020

In the face of global climate changes, studies of bud burst and bud set phenology in trees are necessary to determine the duration of the growing season of plants, the optimal planting period, and seasonal works to achieve high productivity. The purpose of our study was to investigate bud burst phenology in different poplar and willow clones, what is important for predicting possible responses of woody plants to climate changes. Materials and methods: Bud burst phenology in poplar and willow was monitored both on the plants growing at experimental plot and on potted plants. Open-field plant research was conducted on a test site of fast-growing bioenergy trees in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv). Nine most productive poplar and willow clones were selected for the potted experiment. Throughout the growing season, the plants were kept outdoors, and after the seasonal fall of the leaves, the plants were transferred to an unheated storage room with a limited light regime. During spring, bud burst phenology was screened weekly through 45 days according to the 6-scores scale. The studies showed that the poplar plants grown under laboratory conditions demonstrated faster rates of bud burst compared to the willows, while the plants at the experimental plot, on the contrary, shown faster bud burst in the willows comparing to poplar clones. Such effects may be caused by the restricted light regime at the laboratory space what probably had stronger impact on the bud burst in willows, and in the case of open-field plants also by other random environmental factors. In potted conditions, willows demonstrated a tendency for faster flushing of lateral buds, while most poplar clones showed faster apical bud growth under the same conditions.
Effect of organic farming on soil microbiological parameters
Authors: Furtak Karolina , Gałązka Anna
Published: February 2020

All over the world, including Poland, interest in the organic farming is growing. It is based on an attempt to minimize human impact on the environment while maintaining the natural functionality and productivity of the agricultural system. At the same time, every human activity in the natural environment results in greater or lesser changes in the soil ecosystem. Organic farming also has an impact on physical and chemical parameters and soil biological activity. These changes should be monitored and considered in the context of long-term land management. This review focuses on the impact of the organic farming system on soil biological activity and diversity of soil microorganisms.
Coffee grounds as a soil conditioner: Effects on physical and mechanical properties – II. Effects on mechanical properties
Authors: Bedaiwy M-Naguib A. , Abdel Maksoud Yasmine S. , Saad Ahmed F.
Published: February 2020

Applying coffee grounds (CG) to sandy, calcareous, and clayey soils resulted in notable effects on soil expansion, cracking, cohesion, internal friction, initial stress and resistance to penetration. In sand, expansion upon saturation was greater after wetting-and-drying cycles. Highest increases were 15.71%, 16.14% and 31.86% for sandy, calcareous and clayey soils, respectively. Effect of CG on cracking was negligible in sand and very slight (<1.0%) in the calcareous soil but marked in clay (14.18% at 10% CG). In sand, cohesion (c) increased significantly with CG up to the 10% content. Cohesion increased by 2.5-folds and 4.5-folds at 5% and 10% CG, respectively. The presence of fine CG grains among larger sand particles, boosted microbial activities, and the resulting cementing and binding effects resulted in increased cohesion. For calcareous soil, cohesion rose from 0.04 kg∙cm-2 to 0.13 kg∙cm-2 as CG increased from 0% to 15%. In clay, maximum cohesion (0.20 kg∙cm-2) was associated with the 10% CG and was highest of all soils. In sand, the angle of internal friction (φ) decreased notably as CG increased from 5% to 10% but there was no consistent pattern in any of the soils. An increase in initial stress (pi) was observed between 0% and 10% CG in sand and between 0% and 15% in calcareous soil while clay showed no particular trend. Patterns of pi were, thus, consistent with those of cohesion for all soils. Resistance to penetration increased substantially with CG in sand. The effect in calcareous and clayey soils took an opposite trend to that of sand and resistance was generally higher in calcareous soil. Overall effects of CG on resistance were desirable in all soils as far as agriculture (seedling emergence, crop growth, irrigation, etc.) is concerned.
Grain-size and microstructure of the loess from closed depressions in the Nałęczów Plateau (East Poland)
Authors: Kołodyńska-Gawrysiak Renata
Published: February 2020

The investigation was conducted in the eastern part of the Nałęczów Plateau, a region of the Lublin Upland, in eastern Poland. The loess cover of this region was formed mainly during the last glaciation, and loess accumulation lasted until 15,000–12,000 BP. The undulating loess plateau with numerous oval-shaped closed depressions (CDs) is the main landform in the study area. Particle size distribution and SEM analyses were conducted for loess profiles under the bottoms and on the slopes of 4 CDs. Grain-size distribution characteristics as well as qualitative and quantitative micromorphological characteristics of the the loess forming the bottoms and slopes of the depressions were compared and discussed. It was documented that the differences between the loess forming the bottoms and slopes of the depressions are insignificant in the case of clay fraction content, but are considerable in the case of microstructure characteristics. The differences documented result from the impact of syn- and post-depositional diagenetic processes related mainly to suffosion and hydroconsolidation occurring under the influence of water. A quantitative assessment of the morphological effects of these processes was carried out in the context of the origin of closed depressions. The morphological effect of Holocene diagenetic processes was manifested in the deepening of the initial closed depressions formed previously under the influence of primary morphogenetic processes.
DESKRIPSI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI PUSKESMAS KOTA WILAYAH SELATAN KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Ulfah Nurnaningsih Herya
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Kota Wilayah Selatan Public Health Center of Kediri is a public health center that had less performance achievement in the community empowerment activities of the exclusive breastfeeding, in 2010 was 67% and in 2011 was 35% of the target ≥ 80%. The objective of this study was to arrangea recommendation the community empowerment activities planning of the exclusive breastfeeding in Kota Wilayah Selatan Public Health Center of Kediri. This research was a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. Population from this research was a woman who has 6-12 month baby. This research has 123 respondent. The variables were 5 component of community empowerment. The study results showed the whole component of community empowerment of the exclusive breastfeeding that the community participation, the social functioning, the institutional development, the increased capacity and the social capital level were in the low category.Keywords: empowerment, exclusive breastfeeding, public health centerAbstrak: Puskesmas Kota Wilayah Selatan Kediri merupakan salah satu Puskesmas di Kota Kediri yang memiliki pencapaian pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pemberian ASI Eksklusif yang rendah. Pada tahun 2010 diketahui pencapaian nya adalah 67% dan pada tahun 2011 adalah 35% dari target nasional yaitu 80%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menyusun rekomendasi kegiatan pemberdayaan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Kota Wilayah Selatan Kediri. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki bayi 6–12 bulan di Puskesmas Kota Wilayah Selatan Kota Kediri dengan jumlah sampel 123 responden. Variabel dari penelitian ini adalah evaluasi pemberdayaan masyarakat yang memiliki 5 komponen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh komponen pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam ASI Eksklusif yaitu partisipasi masyarakat, keberfungsian sosial, berkembangnya kelembagaan, peningkatan kapasitas, tingkat modal sosial berada pada kategori rendah.Kata kunci: pemberdayaan, ASI eksklusif, puskesmas
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI PESERTA PROLANIS DALAM MENJALANI PENGOBATAN DI PUSKESMAS
Authors: Purnamasari Vivien Dwi
Published: February 2020

Abstract: PROLANIS was a system of health services and proactive approach that can be implemented in an integrated manner involving participants, health facilities, and BPJS. Presence of PROLANISTS would encourage participants with chronic illness to achieve optimal quality of life with an indicator of 75% had good results on a specific examination. The purpose of this reasearch was to analyzing correlation between knowledge and perceptions of PROLANIS participants with PROLANIS adherence in treatment at Puskesmas. This research design used correlational method with Cross Sectional approach. The population of this research was 101 PROLANIS’s participants who have met the inclusion criteria. Samples were taken with total sampling with total of 101 participants. Univariate and bivariate analysis (Chi Square) was used in this research. The results showed PROLANIS adherence level was only 48.5%. In bivariate analysis, knowledge (p = 0,002), and perception (p = 0,008) correlated to PROLANIS adherence at Puskesmas Kota Kediri. The conclusion is knowledge and perception level correlated to PROLANIS’s participants compliance in treatment at Puskesmas. Suggestion in this research is Puskesmas officer can give information related to illness clearly and accurately to PROLANIS’s participants and their family.Key words : Adherence PROLANIS, Knowledge, PerceptionAbstrak: PROLANIS adalah suatu sistem pelayanan kesehatan dan pendekatan proaktif yang dilaksanakan secara terintegrasi yang melibatkan peserta, fasilitas kesehatan dan BPJS. Adanya kepatuhan PROLANIS akan mendorong peserta penyandang penyakit kronis mencapai kualitas hidup optimal dengan indikator 75% memiliki hasil yang baik pada pemeriksaan spesifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi peserta PROLANIS dengan kepatuhan PROLANIS dalam menjalani pengobatan di Puskesmas. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 101 peserta PROLANIS yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Sampel diambil dengan total sampling dengan jumlah 101 peserta. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisa univariat, dan analisa bivariat (Chi Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kepatuhan PROLANIS hanya sebesar 48,5%. Pada analisis bivariat diperoleh tingkat pengetahuan (p=0,002), persepsi (p=0,008) memiliki hubungan dengan kepatuhan PROLANIS di Puskesmas Kota Kediri. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan persepsi dengan kepatuhan peserta PROLANIS dalam menjalani pengobatan di Puskesmas. Saran pada penelitian ini adalah petugas Puskesmas dapat memberikan informasi terkait penyakit yang diderita dengan jelas dan akurat kepada peserta dan keluarga peserta PROLANIS.Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan PROLANIS, pengetahuan, persepsi