bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENGINEERING MASTER STUDENTS‘ VIEWS ON DIGITAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A HOST EUROPEAN COUNTRY
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Bhati Parulkumari P , Zascerinska Jelena , Zascerinskis Mihails , Aleksejeva Anastasija , Abjalkiene Irina
Published: June 2021

The importance of engineering education in promoting engineering students’ entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviours now is widely recognised. The aim of the research is to explore international engineering Master students’ views on digital entrepreneurship in a host European country underpinning the elaboration of implications for engineering education in a host country. The research methods imply the use of both - theoretical and empirical - methods. Theoretical methods included analysis of scientific literature, theoretical modelling, systematisation, synthesis, comparison, generalisation. The empirical study was carried out in Germany in February 2021. 32 engineering Master students took part in the online survey. The online survey was based on the online questionnaire. The obtained data were described with the use of percentage, standard deviation and weighted average. The data description was followed by data interpretation and summarization. The use of the theoretical methods allows identifying that digital entrepreneurship is a supplement to traditional settings entrepreneurship proceeds in. The theoretical research resulted in the conceptual framework built of engineering student’s intention to become a digital entrepreneur, the use of the host country language, the use of engineering knowledge in digital entrepreneurship. The results of the empirical study allow finding out that the engineering Master students’ view digital entrepreneurship in a positive way. The survey results show that the engineering students focus their digital entrepreneurship on their professional field, namely engineering. The survey also outlined two major factors, namely host country language and host country rules, that limit the opportunities of becoming a digital entrepreneur in a host country. The implications for engineering education, that international engineering Master students receive in a host country, imply the integration of entrepreneurial culture, namely host country language and host country rules, into engineering education in a host country. The emphasis of the host country language and host country rules should be placed on their use for entrepreneurial purposes. By the entrepreneurial purposes, specific activities that are tied to entrepreneurship are meant. Training of host country language and host country rules within engineering education should be centred on their use for entrepreneurship.
E-LEARNING: DEVELOPING TOMORROW'S EDUCATION
Authors: Rohit . , Grabusts Peter , Teilans Artis
Published: June 2021

E-learning refers to the term to deliver education or training using digital resources. Computer-based learning, which is considered the keystone of today's E-learning concept, was born in the 80s. Earlier E-learning provides education using only text as with the development in technology it allows adding various forms, i.e., Graphical Text, Images, Video Conferencing etc. In today's time, the concept of is E-learning growing at a rapid pace. Improved bandwidth and growing technology helped in pushing the expansion of E-learning. Along with the university, large corporate companies are also resorting to E-learning. E-learning provides many advantages as compare to Instructor-led training (ILT). E-learning saves the times of travel as physical presence is not required. Education can be provided from anywhere at any time. E-learning is cost-effective also as the course, once developed, can be modified easily. There can some concern which can be faced by the trainer and leaners in future. Adopting E-learning will be a step towards saving the environment. It will be environmentally friendly as tablets will replace books; paper notes will be replaced with digital messages. Digital tools will help to reduce the burden of a student. Artificial Intelligence is a prevalent concept in computer science. A branch of AI, known as a Neural Network, is based on the human brain. The research's main aim is to review existing methods and analyse further possibilities of E-learning systems with neural networks.
COMPARISON OF OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING AND DATA-ORIENTED DESIGN FOR IMPLEMENTING TRADING STRATEGIES BACKTESTER
Authors: Mironov Timur , Motaylenko Lilia , Andreev Dmitry , Antonov Igor , Aristov Mikhail
Published: June 2021

This research proposes a way to accelerate backtesting of trading strategies using data-oriented design (DOD). The research discusses the differences between DOD and object-oriented approach (OOP), which is the most popular at the current moment. Then, the paper proposes efficient way to parallelize a backtesting using DOD. Finally, this research provides a performance comparison between DOD and OOP backtester implementations on the example of typical technical indicators. The comparison shows that use of DOD can speed up the process of quantitative features calculation up to 33% and allows for parallelization scheme that better utilizes resources in multiprocessor systems.
TRANSVERSAL COMPETENCIES FOR DIGITAL READINESS AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Abuže Anda , Ļubkina Velta
Published: June 2021

The research is carried out within the framework of Rezekne Academy of Technology, Latvia in cooperation with West Ukrainian National University, Ukraine LV – UA project “Gender aspects of digital readiness and development of human capital in regions” Nr.LV-UA/ 2018/3.Nowadays, educational institutions have to adapt to the new situation, make changes that would promote the transformation of the study process, promote the development of digital readiness and human capital.The aim of the research is to study the need for transversal competencies, innovation, entrepreneurship and development of digital readiness and human capital in engineering studies. The monographic and descriptive method has been applied for studying scientific literature and modeling method for a professional development plan.
SYNTHESIS OF A LEVER-CAM MOTION TRANSDUCER FOR A ROTARY VANE PUMP
Authors: Perminov Andrey , Ilyin Alexander , Tikhonov Sergey , Khitrov Alexander , Zhuravlev Yury
Published: June 2021

The article solves problem of synthesizing a lever-cam motion transducer that converts rotary motion of input shaft of a rotary pump into motion of its vanes required for volumetric pumping of gases and liquids. Analytical expressions for theoretical profile of cam of lever-cam transducer of the movement of rotary vane pump are obtained. The cam profile was built according to analytical expressions.
INVESTIGATION OF THE ACCURACY OF DETAILS POSITIONING IN DEVICES WITH ELASTIC GRIP PAWLS
Authors: Lengerov Angel
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the results of a study of the accuracy of fixing body details on a flat surface and two elastic grip pawls. The obtained experimental results, concerning the displacement of a detail in longitudinal and transverse direction, have been compared with the analytically obtained errors, resulting from positioning a detail on both a cylindrical and a sheared grip pawl. It has been found that the results for the accuracy of details positioning in devices with elastic grip pawls are better than those, related to using a sheared grip pawl and a cylindrical one.
GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF COATING IN AN UNBALANCED MAGNETRON SPUTTERING INSTALLATION
Authors: Uzunov Ivan , Lengerov Angel
Published: June 2021

The paper proposes a new design solution for regulating the distribution of the working gases in the vacuum chamber of the installation (UDP -850/4) for unbalanced magnetron sputtering, which will improve the mode and quality of application of multilayer nano-coatings. Constructive documentation for manufacturing a gas distribution system has been prepared, as well as instructions for assembly to the vacuum chamber.
THE EFFECT OF FEED RATE AND CUTTING SPEED TO SURFACE ROUGHNESS DURING HOLE BORING OF ALUMINUM WITH ANTI-VIBRATION BORING BAR
Authors: Sabev Sabi , Kasabov Plamen
Published: June 2021

this study is focusing on the experimental investigation of the effects of cutting parameters on surface roughness during hole boring of 8062 aluminums with anti-vibration boring bar on lathe. Several experiments were conducted with different cutting conditions. Based on the results and using “Minitab 19” software, a mathematic model was made to predict the surface quality in connection with different cutting conditions. Finally, an experiment analysis was carried out to verify the analytical results.
FEATURES OF ALLOYED A MATRYX OF WATER-DISPERSED IRON POWDERS
Authors: Miteva Ivanka , Vinev Ivan , Mitev Ivan
Published: June 2021

The publication examines the peculiarities of alloying a matrix of water-dispersed iron powders of the type ASC 100.29, AHC 100.29 and ABC 100.30. The possible ways of alloying in powder metallurgy are presented. The influence of the main alloying elements - copper, nickel, phosphorus, molybdenum, etc. was traced. on the technological process in the production of powder metallurgical details. A special place is given to the alloying elements intensifying the process of coagulation of the pores in the matrix during sintering - copper and phosphorus. Graphical dependences for the influence of copper on the dimensional changes of the iron matrix at different sintering temperatures are presented.
INFLUENCE OF THE OVERLAP COEFFICIENT ON THE CONTRAST IN LASER MARKING OF C110W STEEL
Authors: Angelov Nikolay , Lazov Lybomir , Teirumnieks Edmunds
Published: June 2021

The laser marking process by melting samples of C110W carbon tool steel was studied. The experiments were performed with a fiber laser and a CuBr laser. A field of squares is marked in a raster method for different values of the overlap coefficient and power density. The contrast of the marking is determined on each marked square. From the obtained experimental data, graphs of the dependence of the contrast on the overlap coefficient for three power densities were drawn. The obtained results for the two lasers are compared and the influence of the wavelength is indirectly analysed. The working intervals of the overlap coefficient for the studied power densities for the two lasers at which the optimal contrast in the processing zone is obtained are determined.
HEAT SOURCE FOR TIG WELDING MODELLING
Authors: Tongov Manahil
Published: June 2021

A new model of heat source applicable to TIG welding is proposed. The model uses three calibration parameters - efficiency, effective heating spot radius and heat source concentration factor. Based on the experimental results, the model was calibrated and the results obtained for the form of penetration were compared with the experimental ones.
INVESTIGATION OF GMAW BY SIMULATION MODELLING
Authors: Tongov Manahil
Published: June 2021

The thermal and deformation cycle during welding is directly reflected on the formation of the welded joint and the imperfections that can occur in any specific case. The simulation modelling of the heating and cooling processes makes it possible to determine the temporary and residual stresses in the welded joint. When solving the thermal and deformation tasks, it is essential to use data on the characteristics of the material in the entire temperature range in which the studied processes take place. At the same time, these data are often not available. In order to be able to use simulation solutions in practice, the standard EN ISO 18166 provides for calibration of thermal and deformation models before they are applied to the welded structure. In this study, the calibration of a thermal model applicable to MIG / MAG welding is considered. The heat source is superficial and axisymmetric. The calibration parameters are efficiency, effective radius of the heat source and coefficient determining the deviation from the normal central Gaussian distribution. Experimental data on the bead shape were used for the calibration process. The obtained simulation results for the temperature field are compared with the experimental ones. Sensitivity analysis of the solution with respect to the material characteristics was performed.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF LASER STRIPPING OF COMMUNICATION CABLES WITH LOW-POWER CO2 LASER
Authors: Lazov Lyubomir , Sniķeris Andris
Published: June 2021

Laser engraving is one of the most commonly used laser procedures for interacting with laser material. The speed, ease of use and high precision make it an attractive process for use by manufacturers and for removing insulation from various cables. Cable stripping is a particularly common operation in aeronautics. The aircraft is equipped with several hundred kilometers of cables to control and operate the various systems of the aircraft and most of these cables must be stripped at both opposite ends to allow the cable to be connected to different terminals.This report examines the possibility of removing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation from telecommunication cables of different colours and thicknesses up to 600 [μm]. The experimental measurements of the study were performed with a low-power continuous CO2 laser system. The main functional dependence of the width and depth of the ablation zone on the main technological parameters, such as the average power and the processing speed, have been experimentally studied. The zones of laser impact are observed with a laser microscope. The graphic dependencies are analyzed in order to determine the optimal working intervals.The analysis aims to help solve problems related to the application of small diameter communication cables in the production of various communication devices and components for the needs of industry.
DOPPLER NON-CONTACT RADAR SENSORS FOR WATER DISCHARGE ESTIMATION: ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS
Authors: Iukhno Artem , Buzmakov Sergei , Zorina Alisa
Published: June 2021

The use of non-contact doppler flow radars to determine water discharge is a widespread trend in hydrometeorological surveying and monitoring. However, is it reasonable to consider such an instrument as one of the most suitable and perspective for the hydrological observation network? In-situ testing have been carrying out by authors of this article and the analysis performed in scientific papers cannot provide a single-valued positive conclusion on this issue. Obvious advantage of these radars as independent safe mode of operation seems to overweight their obvious weak points. Many "undercurrents" do not allow this method to be recognized as reliable, such as the problem of transition from surface to medium flow velocities, which consists in the data processing apparatus, reliable positioning of the device, blanking distance task and etc. All in all, this article discusses the main advantages and "vulnerabilities" of the use of such an instrument as non-contact doppler radars to determine water discharge from a scientific and practical points of view.
SELECTION OF A TRANSPORTATION OPTION FOR THE PROCUREMENT OF GOODS FOR OWN NEEDS, IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF OPERATIONAL PLANNING
Authors: Salapateva Silviya , Chulkova Maria
Published: June 2021

The competitiveness of each product mostly depends on its price, which includes transport costs from the place of its production to the place of its consumption. Sometimes these costs can be comparable the cost of production. Due to the high transport costs, the competitiveness of the manufactured products decreases, not only on the domestic but also on the foreign market. Substantial part of the freight transport nationwide is carried out by trucks owned by the manufacturing companies. They transport goods needed for their production needs with their own transport and at their own expense. At the same time, the operational planning of such shipments has been insufficiently studied, in which a large number of factors of technological and organizational nature must be taken into account. Operational planning has a significant potential for reducing transportation costs. The article considers the possibility to increase the efficiency of own-account transport at the stage of operational planning.
IMPACT OF THE HIGH-SPEED FLOW OF POWDER PARTICLES ON THE STRUCTURE OF POLYMER MATERIALS AND METAL-POLYMER COMPOSITES
Authors: Usherenko Yulia , Mironovs Viktors , Pakrastiņš Leonids
Published: June 2021

The problem of protecting spacecraft from cosmic dust has recently come to the fore. There is still no enough data on the complex effect of short-term high-energy, dynamic loading on materials, including polymer materials and multilayer polymer-metal composites. The use of dynamic alloying in the super-deep penetration (SDP) mode by high-speed flows of powder particles allows assessing the effect on the material under dynamic action. Previous studies on steel and aluminum samples have shown a significant effect of high-speed flows of powder particles on the structure and properties of materials. As a result of a study of samples made of aliphatic polyurethane with steel reinforcement elements, it was found that there are traces of the penetration of high-speed particles into both metal and polymer layers. However, the number of flow elements detected in the polymeric part is significantly less than the number of elements in the metal reinforcing part. Thus, it is possible to assume that or the polymer material is a more effective barrier to the high-speed flow compared to the metal, or the “self-healing” effect is observed.
3D MATHEMATICAL MODEL CHARACTERIZING THE DYNAMICS OF THE TEMPERATURE FIELD OF A WALL STRUCTURE WITH A DOUBLE-SIDED FACING FROM A SAPROPEL-HEMP COMPOSITE MATERIAL
Authors: Guseynov Sharif E. , Rimshans Janis , Aleksejeva Jekaterina V. , Bereznojs Aleksandrs , Pleiksnis Stanislavs
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a 3D mathematical model is proposed to determine the dynamics of the temperature field in a three-layer composite sapropel-hemp slab. The proposed model consists of a system of three initial-boundary value problems with respect to the temperature function for each layer, respectively, and one initial-boundary value problem with respect to the unknown velocity of heat propagation along the thickness dimension of the composite sapropel-hemp slab.
Peptide inhibitors of the interaction of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain with the ACE2 cell receptor
Authors: Bibilashvili R.Sh. , Sidorova M.V. , Dudkina U.S. , Palkeeva M.E. , Molokoedov A.S. , Kozlovskaya L.I. , Egorov A.M. , Ishmukhametov A.A. , Parfyonova Ye.V.
Published: June 2021

Computer simulation has been used to identify peptides that mimic the natural target of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus spike (S) protein, the angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) cell receptor. Based on the structure of the complex of the protein S receptor-binding domain (RBD) and ACE2, the design of chimeric molecules consisting of two 22-23-mer peptides linked to each other by disulfide bonds was carried out. The chimeric molecule X1 was a disulfide dimer, in which edge cysteine residues in the precursor molecules h1 and h2 were connected by the S-S bond. In the chimeric molecule X2, the disulfide bond was located in the middle of the molecule of each of the precursor peptides. The precursors h1 and h2 modelled amino acid sequences of α1- and α2-helices of the extracellular peptidase domain of ACE2, respectively, keeping intact most of the amino acid residues involved in the interaction with RBD. The aim of the work was to evaluate the binding efficiency of chimeric molecules and their RBD-peptides (particularly in dependence of the middle and edge methods of fixing the initial peptides h1 and h2). The proposed polypeptides and chimeric molecules were synthesized by chemical methods, purified (to 95-97% purity), and characterized by HPLC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The binding of the peptides to the SARS-CoV-2 RBD was evaluated by microthermophoresis with recombinant domains corresponding in sequence to the original Chinese (GenBank ID NC_045512.2) and the British (B. 1.1.7, GISAID EPI_ISL_683466) variants. Binding to the original RBD of the Chinese variant was detected in three synthesized peptides: linear h2 and both chimeric variants. Chimeric peptides were also bound to the RBD of the British variant with micromolar constants. The antiviral activity of the proposed peptides in Vero cell culture was also evaluated.
In silico specificity determination of neoantigen-reactive T-lymphocytes
Authors: Kniga A.E. , Polyakov I.V. , Nemukhin A.V.
Published: June 2021

Effective personalized immunotherapies of the future will need to capture not only the peculiarities of the patient’s tumor but also of his immune response to it. In this study, using results of in vitro high-throughput specificity assays, and combining comparative models of pMHCs and TCRs using molecular docking, we have constructed all-atom models for the putative complexes of all their possible pairwise TCR-pMHC combinations. For the models obtained we have calculated a dataset of physics-based scores and have trained binary classifiers that perform better compared to their solely sequence-based counterparts. These structure-based classifiers pinpoint the most prominent energetic terms and structural features characterizing the type of protein-protein interactions that underlies the immune recognition of tumors by T cells.
Development of antiviral drugs based on inhibitors of the SARS-COV-2 main protease
Authors: Sulimov A.V. , Shikhaliev Kh.S. , Pyankov O.V. , Shcherbakov D.N. , Chirkova V.Yu. , Ilin I.S. , Kutov D.C. , Tashchilova A.S. , Krysin M.Yu. , Krylskiy D.V. , Stolpovskaya N.V. , Volosnikova E.A. , Belenkaya S.V. , Sulimov V.B.
Published: June 2021

Docking and quantum-chemical methods have been used for screening of drug-like compounds from the own database of the Voronezh State University to find inhibitors the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, an important enzyme of the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the SOL program more than 42000 3D molecular structures were docked into the active site of the main protease, and more than 1000 ligands with most negative values of the SOL score were selected for further processing. For all these top ligands, the protein-ligand binding enthalpy has been calculated using the PM7 semiempirical quantum-chemical method with the COSMO implicit solvent model. 20 ligands with the most negative SOL scores and the most negative binding enthalpies have been selected for further experimental testing. The latter has been made by measurements of the inhibitory activity against the main protease and suppression of SARS-CoV-2 replication in a cell culture. The inhibitory activity \of the compounds was determined using a synthetic fluorescently labeled peptide substrate including the proteolysis site of the main protease. The antiviral activity was tested against SARS-CoV-2 virus in the Vero cell culture. Eight compounds showed inhibitory activity against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 in the submicromolar and micromolar ranges of the IC50 values. Three compounds suppressed coronavirus replication in the cell culture at the micromolar range of EC50 values and had low cytotoxicity. The found chemically diverse inhibitors can be used for optimization in order to obtain a leader compound, the basis of new direct-acting antiviral drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.
Consensus ensemble neural network multitarget model of RAGE inhibitory activity of chemical compounds
Authors: Vassiliev P.M. , Spasov A.A. , Kochetkov A.N. , Perfilev M.A. , Koroleva A.R.
Published: June 2021

RAGE signal transduction via the RAGE-NF-κB signaling pathway is one of the mechanisms of inflammatory reactions that cause severe complications in diabetes mellitus. RAGE inhibitors are promising pharmacological compounds that require the development of new predictive models. Based on the methodology of artificial neural networks, consensus ensemble neural network multitarget model has been constructed. This model describes the dependence of the level of the RAGE inhibitory activity on the affinity of compounds for 34 target proteins of the RAGE-NF-κB signal pathway. For this purpose an expanded database of valid three-dimensional models of target proteins of the RAGE-NF-κB signal chain was created on the basis of a previously created database of three-dimensional models of relevant biotargets. Ensemble molecular docking of known RAGE inhibitors from a verified database into the sites of added models of target proteins was performed, and the minimum docking energies for each compound in relation to each target were determined. An extended training set for neural network modeling was formed. Using seven variants of sampling by the method of artificial multilayer perceptron neural networks, three ensembles of classification decision rules were constructed to predict three level of the RAGE-inhibitory activity based on the calculated affinity of compounds for significant target proteins of the RAGE-NF-κB signaling pathway. Using a simple consensus of the second level, the predictive ability of the created model was assessed and its high accuracy and statistical significance were shown. The resultant consensus ensemble neural network multitarget model has been used for virtual screening of new derivatives of different chemical classes. The most promising substances have been synthesized and sent for experimental studies.
Conjugate of podophyllotoxin with chlorambucil: synthesis, biological testing and molecular modeling
Authors: Zefirov N.A. , Mamaeva A.V. , Radchenko E.V. , Milaeva E.R. , Kuznetsov S.A. , Zefirova O.N.
Published: June 2021

In the present work we have studied a novel conjugate of the DNA alkylating agent chlorambucil with podophyllotoxin, a ligand of the colchicine binding site in tubulin. The target compound was obtained by Steglich esterification of podophyllotoxin with the percentage yield of 41%. Results of biotesting carried out on the carcinoma A549 cell line revealed that at a concentration of 2 μM the conjugate caused full depolymerization of microtubules without any other effect on free tubulin. The conjugate inhibited proliferation (IC50=135±30 nM) and growth (EC50=240±30 nM) of A549 cells. The data of computer molecular docking of the novel compound into the 3D model of the colchicine binding site in α,β-tubulin and molecular dynamics modelling allowed to explain the observed difference in effects of chlorambucil-podophyllotoxin and chlorambucil-colchicine conjugates on microtubules.
Predict of metabolic stability of xenobiotics by the PASS and GUSAR programs
Authors: Korotkevich E.I. , Rudik A.V. , Dmitriev A.V. , Lagunin A.A. , Filimonov D.A.
Published: June 2021

Metabolic stability refers to the susceptibility of compounds to the biotransformation; it is characterized by such pharmacokinetic parameters as half-life (T1/2) and clearance (CL). Generally, these parameters are estimated by in vitro assays, which are based on cells or subcellular fractions (mainly liver microsomal enzymes) and serve as models of the processes occurring in living organisms. Data obtained from the experiments are used to build QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) models. More than 8000 compounds with known CL and/or T1/2 values obtained in vitro using human liver microsomes were selected from the freely available ChEMBL v.27 database. GUSAR (General Unrestricted Structure-Activity Relationships) and PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) softwares were used to make quantitative and classification models. The quality of the models was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation. Compounds were subdivided into “stable” and “unstable” by means of the following threshold parameters: T1/2 = 30 minutes, CL = 20 ml/min/kg. The accuracy of the models ranged from 0.5 (calculated in 5-fold CV on the test set for the half-life prediction quantitative model) to 0.96 (calculated in 5-fold CV on the test set for the clearance prediction classification model).
Survey of filariasis and Microfilarial periodicity in Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Edyansyah Erwin , Mulyaningsih Budi , Umniyati Sitti R. , Hadisusanto Suwarno
Published: June 2021

Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a parasitic disease that is similar to the threads of its habitat in the lymph system that infect humans, namely Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. Although B. malayi commonly infects humans, recent evidence also suggests that Brugia pahangi, an afilarial nematode naturally found in cats, can cause clinical infection in humans, with clinical features consistent with lymphatic filariasis. Methods: Cross-sectional with an observational and analytic approach. The results of a positive microscopic examination were carried out by Brugia Rapid Test for B. malayi and PCR examination for B. malayi and B. pahangi. Positive microscopic results were then checked for periodicity of microfilariae every 2 hours for 24 hoursResults: From the research, 17 people were positive for B. malayi microfilariae (mf rate 6.34%). The Brugia Rapid Test had 17 positive results. PCR results of 14 people were positive/formed a band at 322 bp. The results of the sample sequencing were B. malayi species. PCR results of B. pahangi were not found to be positive / band formed in all samples. The periodicity results of microfilaria peaked at 00: 00-04: 00 with the nocturnal periodic type. Conclusions: Lubuk Pauh Village, Musi Rawas Regency is still endemic for malayi filariasis with a high level of endemicity and is not an endemic area for filariasis pahangi. The periodicity of microfilariae indicates a nocturnal periodic type.
Development process of the preconception education booklet
Authors: Nurunniyah Siti , Nurdiati Detty Siti , Julia Madarina , Hadi Hamam
Published: June 2021

Background: Healthy preconception is very essential to prepare for pregnancy, childbirth, and healthy babies. However, many women still lack of knowledge on having healthy preconceptions. Effective education requires relevant and standardized material and educational media. The objective of this study aimed to explain the process of developing a preconception education booklet.Methods: We have developed a preconception education booklet. The method to develop this booklet involved five main stages: literature review, interviews with preconception women and health care workers in primary health care, focus group discussions with the lecturer of midwifery, nutrition, and health promotion, expert review, and measure response test from women of reproductive age.Results: Our literature review has come out with a summary of the preconception educational materials consist of 15 topics that have been present. By using In-depth interviews, we observed and then developed materials that were required by women of reproductive age and health workers and they consisted of 10 topics. Our Focus Group Discussion has come out with the need to grouping the materials into 4 groups (pillars). We then validated our booklet material by using Expert review. Finally, our response test showed that 96% of respondents agree that booklet material is easy to understand, 90% of respondents agree that booklets are interesting to read, 93% of respondents agree that booklet material is relevant to their condition, 90% of respondents agree that the material in the booklet is the material it needs, 86% of respondents agree that the material in this booklet can help with their health problems, 80% of respondents agree that the choice of words in the booklet is easy to understand, 90% of respondents agree that the cover of the booklet is very interesting, 100 respondents agree that the font of the letters in the booklet is easy to read, 80% of respondents agreed that the illustrations relevant with the materials. Booklets were positively appreciated by 87% (26 out of 30 respondents) of reproductive-age women.Conclusions: Our preconception booklet can be used by health care workers to provide pregnancy preparation counselling for women of reproductive age.
Clinical and microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers in a tertiary care setup: a cross sectional analysis
Authors: Rai Siddharth , Uppal Harleen , Sharma Arvind Kumar , Gupta Anil Kumar
Published: June 2021

Background: Diabetes associated neuropathy and vasculopathy leads to development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). They are responsible for considerable morbidity and a significant cost of health‐care worldwide. The magnitude of the problem becomes worse in regions where foot care is inadequate like in our country. The aim of the study to determine the microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of organisms isolated from patients with diabetic foot ulcers.  Methods: The study was a cross sectional study done at King George’s Medical College, Lucknow from 2012-2014 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Based on the inclusion criteria sample were collected from 112 patients. The standard protocol for the identification of microorganisms was followed.  A descriptive analysis of the data was done.Results: Out of the 112 ulcers total 180 isolates were found. Of the 112 cases, 78 were monomicrobial, 32 were polymicrobial, and 2 cases were sterile on culture. The most common bacteria found was Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the staphylococcus isolated were sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin, cephalosporins, linezolid levofloxacin and pipercillin-tazobactum. Nearly 65% of S. aureus were methicillin‐resistant S. aureus.Conclusions: This study compiled clinical and microbiological profile of diabetic foot ulcers along with their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Our study illuminates light on a high figure of neglected and poorly treated NHUs which could have been managed well and early treatment will prevent devastating consequences such as sepsis and amputation.
TÜRKİYE’DE KADIN GİRİŞİMCİLERİN VE FİNANSMAN ALTERNATİFLERİNİN ANALİZİ
Authors: SELVİ HANİŞOĞLU Gülay , ÖZGÜR Gamze
Published: June 2021

Bir ülkenin ekonomik kalkınmasında girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin kaldıraç etkisi oldukça önemlidir. Kadınların iş hayatına katılım oranının artması ile kadın girişimciliği toplumsal kalkınma için oldukça önemli bir konu olmuştur. Kadın girişimcilerin, işletmelerini kurma aşamasında ve sonrasında yaşadıkları sorunlardan birisi finansman kaynaklarına ulaşım zorluğudur. Çalışmamızda kadın girişimcilerin finansman alternatiflerinin neler olduğu ve bu alternatiflere yaklaşımları incelenmiştir. Çalışmamız, Türkiye genelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarında, kadın girişimcilerin finansman kaynaklarını finansmana destek kuruluşlar, doğrudan finansman sağlayan kuruluşlar ve kendi kaynakları olmak üzere üç temel gruba göre değerlendirdikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Artificial intelligence in healthcare
Authors: Shah Yamini D , Soni Shailvi M , Patel Manish P
Published: June 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is described as a field of science and engineering that is concerned with the artificial appreciation of what is generally referred to as prudent behavior and the formation of fascinations that demonstrate such conduct. AI is an expansive concept that encloses a series of advances (a considerable lot of which have been being worked on for quite a few years) that are expected to use human-like insight to handle the problems. Right now in combination with enhanced AI developments like extreme or significantly more engaged, we are experiencing a renewed enthusiasm for AI, energized by a tremendous increase in computing capacity and a significantly greater increase in knowledge. AI, along with machine learning, can be used in computer vision. More advantages in the field of engineering as well as in medicine can be accomplished based on these future scenarios worldwide. Healthcare is seen as the next domain that is said to be altered by the use of the concept of artificial intelligence. The AI process is used for critical diseases such as cancer, neurology, cardiology and diabetes. The review includes the ongoing flow status of medical services for AI applications. A few progressive explorations of AI applications in medicinal services that provide a perspective on future where human interactions are gradually brought together by social insurance conveyance. Likewise, this review will discuss how AI and machine learning can save the life of someone. It is also a guide for healthcare professionals to see how, when, and where AI can be more efficient and have the desired outcomes.
Formulation and evaluation of medicated guava (Psidium guajava L.) wine using Saccharomyces crevices Var. HAU 1
Authors: Tamboli Firoj A , Mulani Sajid A , More Harinath N , Kolekar Yogesh S , Mali Nitin
Published: June 2021

The present work encompasses production of wine from over ripe guava using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The juices of guava were analyzed for pH, total Sugar, color, odour, test and reducing sugar. Guava is easy to culture. Guava & possess high nutritive value and its products like juices, beverages, nectars, spices etc. are largely appreciated by the consumers. Guava juice requires ‘capitalization’ so as to prepare a perfect wine out of it. Thus, the samples was fermented at 30 °C by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

It was shown that guava juices having pH 4 yield higher alcohol as compare to samples having different pH. It was also seen that there was very less production of alcohol percentage. So, it improves the activity of wine.
Clinical and radio graphic evaluation of periotome in single rooted teeth
Authors: Kiran Kumar N , Slipa Hima , Murali Krishna T
Published: June 2021

To evaluate the efficacy of periotome (Group p) in a traumatic extractions of single rooted teeth and to compare clinically and radio graphically with normal forceps extraction (Group c) in a sample of 30 patients.

30 patients -15 in each group (i.e. periotome and control group) were included in this randomised prospective comparative clinical study. Clinical parameters assessed were pain, buccal cortical plate fracture, gingival lacerations, soft tissue injury, teeth fracture, time taken for extraction, number and frequency of analgesics consumed and any post-operative complications were evaluated. Radiographic parameters of crestal alveolar bone levels were measured at pre operative, 1st month and 3rd month intervals by standardised IOPA using the grid in SOPRO imaging software, RVG.

Comparing group C and P, statistically significant (p value <0.05) amount of MCABL bone loss is seen between preoperative to 3rd month and from 1st month to 3rd month in periotome group. The periotome group showed gingival of grade 1. Fracture of buccal cortical plate was seen in 26%, 2 cases of teeth fracture. Patients in the control group had more pain and increased analgesics consumption.

Extraction of single rooted teeth can be done by periotomeatr aumatically which gives better ridge contours for future prosthetic rehabilitation.
Work from home and changing dynamics
Authors: Banga Anshita , Mahajan Fiza
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 has been the biggest crisis of our times. Never before has been the entire world and each and every individual been impacted at this scale but when impacts are large, changes are too. The fear of infection forced all of us to work remotely from our home. It was the test of our technology and a mass experiment of Work From Home (WFH). Our research study aims to explore the changing behavior and mentality towards WFH and gauge it's various physical, mental and social impacts. The research aims to study the differences in perception of WFH by different gender, income levels, education levels and age groups. We intend to explore if there is any relationship between travel time and WFH and reverse migration and WFH and further, if there is any room for the option of taking a pay cut. This research paper is based on extensive primary research survey on 100 participants conducted through Google Forms and the further analysis done through cross tabulation and graphical methods. The research sample was adequately representative of varied socioeconomic strata s and had significant people from both gender, different income and education levels.

The research brought forward some interesting insights. More than 75% of workers want to continue with remote work at least some of the time. Youth dislikes hybrid and wants either completely remote or work from office. People in age group 25-40 are least willing to resort to only work from office and 41-60 are least willing to resort to remote work. Males prefer working from home more than females. Increase in income strongly increases the preference for hybrid work. Those who spend large amount of time in traveling strongly prefer work from home. Relocation is a favorable decision for most but pay cut isn’t an option. Work from home has improved productivity, relations, sleep and body but with a pinch of loneliness.
Kształtowanie się linii orzeczniczych w zakresie opodatkowania VAT sprzedaży przez rolników działek pod zabudowę
Authors: Duda-Hyz Michalina
Published: June 2021

Celem artykułu jest dokonanie przeglądu orzecznictwa dotyczącego jednej z najbardziej kontrowersyjnych kwestii, z jaką w ostatniej dekadzie przyszło się mierzyć właścicielom gospodarstw rolnych, tj. opodatkowania VAT sprzedaży nieruchomości pod zabudowę, które uprzednio były przeznaczone do użytkowania rolniczego. W pierwszej części opracowania przedstawiono linie orzecznicze, jakie ukształtowały się w polskiej judykaturze przed wydaniem przez Trybunał Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej orzeczenia w sprawach połączonych C-180/10 i C-181/10. W drugiej części podjęto próbę ukazania wpływu rzeczonego orzeczenia na rozstrzygnięcia sądów krajowych. W trzeciej części przedstawiono zmiany w definicji legalnej działalności gospodarczej oraz wskazano linie orzecznicze, które ukształtowały się w okresie po wejściu w życie nowych regulacji. Opracowanie zostało przygotowane w ramach projektu badawczego finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki: Nowy model opodatkowania rolnictwa w Polsce (nr wniosku 2013/09/B/HS5/04503, kierownik grantu dr hab. Paweł Smoleń, prof. KUL).
SMART LOCKDOWN STRATEGY, SECOND AND THIRD WAVES OF COVID-19 IN PAKISTAN: A POLITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Authors: Afzal Hanan , Sibtain Masroor , Iqbal Zafar , Saleem Hina
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The present study investigates the violations of SOPs regarding the spread of COVID19 during the political processional campaigns in the Gilgit Baltistan and Senate elections in Pakistan held just before the second and third waves of COVID-19. For instance, during the first wave Pakistani government employed a smart lockdown along with persuasive awareness campaign. However, in the second and third waves, it seemed that SOPs were not influential due to violations by politicians themselves.

Method: The researchers analyze the journalistic text both verbal and pictorial by employing the qualitative and interpretive paradigm to understand the policies and strategies of political parties in their political gatherings. Data regarding political campaigns have been collected from the print media through the purposive sampling technique. The secondary data has been collected from various research publications to establish the background.

Main Findings: The study analyzed political response to COVID-19 SOPs on the part of Pakistani political parties during the political campaigns in Gilgit Baltistan and senate elections. Referent pictures (see Figures), taken from authentic, official newspaper websites, showed that during ‘Political congregations and rallies’, individuals and politicians attended the events without requiring social distance and masks. Both the opposition and ruling party and their workers have taken approximately equal parts to violate the SOPs to gain political gains and benefits.

Application of the Study: The study suggests that the political parties would not conduct these types of political events that cause the spread of the virus, especially when it is considered a worldwide pandemic. The study would be both socially and politically beneficial for the organizations and groups to learn how a pandemic may affect the masses if precautionary measures are not followed adequately.

The Originality of the Study: According to the researchers' best knowledge, the research gap of the present study is contemporary and innovative, i.e., integrating the conceptual model of political discourse with political events.
DOES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REDUCE INFORMATION ASYMMETRY?: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Naeem , Malik Qaisar Ali , Saghir Ahsen , Aslam Muhammad , Husnain Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The work empirically investigates the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on information asymmetry (IA).

Methodology: For analysis, the study uses annual data ranging from 2007 to 2017, collected from the published reports of companies registered at the Pakistani equity market comprising the non-financial sector. An unbalanced panel of 257 companies with 2383 observations is analyzed using the generalized methods of moment (GMM) technique.

Main findings: In line with stakeholder's theory, results disclose a negative association between the variable of CSR and IA. It suggests that investing in CSR-related activities will reduce the asymmetry of information among managers and shareholders.

Application of the study: Findings of the study uncover the benefits of CSR in relation to IA that must be considered while formulating any strategy both at the governmental and corporate level. Government should facilitate corporations that engage in CSR work while firms must include CSR in their policy-making as it can significantly reduce information asymmetry.

Novelty/ originality of the study: This study provides a deep analysis in the form of behavioural association and the effect of CSR practices on information asymmetry in the context of the Pakistani non-financial sector. The study endorses the concept of CSR practices for the reduction of information asymmetry in Pakistani firms.
A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOCIOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING SUGARCANE PRODUCTIVITY IN CENTRAL VALLEY OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
Authors: Nisar Muhammad , Ullah Asad , Hanan Fazal , Khan Younas , Rahman Habib Ur
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: This research study was designed to analyze various social factors like population dynamics, institutional, land tenure, and gender other than the technological one that affects the production of sugarcane in farming communities. Methodology: The method of the study was qualitative, where the data was collected through FGDs. Two FGDs were conducted in two districts of the central valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Each FGD consisted of 10 participants. The data was analyzed through thematic analysis. Main Findings: The findings of the study revealed that sugarcane productivity is affected by sociological factors like technological ones. The poor socioeconomic status of the farmers, wasting resources in land disputes, frequent land division among heirs, a rapid increase of population growth, unplanned urbanization conversion of fertile agricultural land into the built environment, weakening the role of informal institutions like Jirga and farmers organizations, lack of access to agricultural institutions, the restricted role of women in farming and unfavourable attitude of farmers towards new agrarian technologies, all were the significant contributing factors that negatively influenced sugarcane productivity. Applications of this study: The findings of the study be used by the agricultural department, NGOs, and the government while taking into consideration the factors responsible for sugarcane productivity. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is novel that no study has yet conducted while considering sociological factors in sugarcane production in Pakistan. This research a unique in that provides a base for agricultural scientists to keep in mind social factors as well in agrarian production besides technological factors.