bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Application Methods on Silicon Dynamics and Rice Yield in Sandy-Loam Soil
Authors: Olanrewaju John S. , Sato Kuniaki , Yamamoto Sadahiro , Masunaga Tsugiyuki
Published: March 2024

Rice husk biochar (RHB) is a potential source of available silicon in paddy soil and an ecologically responsive soil amendment for sustainable rice production. The study tested the influence of RHB application methods on rice growth, rice yield, and silicon dynamics in sandy loam soil in a pot experiment. RHB was applied at 5 tons ha−1 as a localized-spot-application (LSA) or top-mixed-application (TMA) with the soil at the upper 7 cm or whole-mixed-application (WMA) within 20 cm of the soil column and at 10 tons ha−1 in the TMA and WMA methods and was compared with a control (CTRL) without biochar. Seedlings of the Koshihikari rice variety were transplanted in each pot, and all treatments were replicated thrice. Compared to the CTRL, the LSA and TMA methods did not influence the mean porewater silicon concentration at the vegetative and reproductive stages. However, the WMA method applied at 5 tons ha−1 increased (p<0.05) the mean porewater silicon concentration by 12.3 and 39.5% at the vegetative and reproductive stages, respectively, while at 10 tons ha−1, the respective increase was by 26.1 and 32.7%. All biochar application methods at the 5 tons ha−1 rate increased the rice grain yield (p<0.05) by 21.2% (LSA), 11.3% (TMA), and 47.2% (WMA) compared to the CTRL. Conversely, at 10 tons ha−1, the yield was reduced by 18% in the TMA method, attributable to the immobilization of nitrogen and adsorption of nutrients to biochar surfaces. Our results proved that the choice of biochar application method and rate of application significantly influenced the dissolution of silicon in the porewater, leading to a higher silicon uptake and consequently a higher grain yield. This study provides valuable insights for agricultural practices aiming to enhance silicon dynamics in paddy soil and sustainable rice yield using RHB.
Ecological Insights, and Fin Fish Diversity in Carps Spawning Grounds: Case Studies from the Surma River and Tanguar Haor, Bangladesh
Authors: Akther Kazi Rabeya , Hossain Mohammad Amzad , Mian Sohel , Chandra Roy Nirmal
Published: March 2024

This study aims to provide a thorough ecological understanding of fin fish diversity within carp spawning grounds in the Surma River and Tanguar haor. Over two spawning seasons, this research investigates ecological factors impacting fin fish diversity and abundance in carp spawning grounds of the Surma River and Tanguar haor, emphasizing water quality, habitat features, spawn availability, and environmental influences. Fish spawn samples were collected with eight “Savar nets” at chosen sites and reared in a fiberglass tank at the mini hatchery for species identification. The representative spawn samples were examined under a microscope for preliminary species identification before rearing. The study found that both the Surma River and Tanguar haor offer ideal conditions for carp spawning due to factors such as water quality, natural food availability, habitat suitability, and favorable climatic conditions. The study identified 39 fish species under the 10 fish groups from both locations, with a higher percentage of carp species (31.42%) in the Surma River in 2021 compared to 2022 (22.50%). In Tanguar haor, the percentage of carp species was 7.55% and 6.50% in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The Surma River’s ecological indices (2021-2022) indicated decreased diversity, likely due to environmental degradation, while Tanguar haor showed lower diversity possibly attributable to multiple environmental stressors. The dominant carp species, Labeo calbasu, Labeo bata, and Labeo gonius, were identified in both the Surma River and Tanguar haor. The spawning distribution varied among different locations, with some sites showing a presence of carp species, such as Hajipur T1 in the Surma River and Alam Duar T2 in Tanguar haor. The findings highlight the importance of hydrological and environmental parameters in shaping carp spawning habitat distribution and abundance, contributing to aquatic biodiversity conservation and resource management.
Subclinical Cushing’s Disease with High-Molecular-Weight Forms of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Production
Authors: Inukai Takahiko , Harai Nozomi , Nakagawa Yukie , Hosokawa Tadatsugu , Antoku Airi , Muroi Yuko , Ogiwara Masakazu , Tsuchiya Kyoichiro
Published: March 2024

Production of the high-molecular-weight forms of adrenocorticotropic hormone (big-ACTH) has been reported in a small number of ectopic ACTH syndrome and ACTH-producing pituitary macroadenoma. However, perioperative changes in big-ACTH in patients with subclinical Cushing’s disease have not been reported. A 63-year-old woman presented 25 × 20 × 20-mm-sized macroadenoma in the pituitary gland. Her early morning plasma ACTH and cortisol levels were 111 pg/mL and 11.6 μg/dL, respectively. Cushingoid features and diurnal variation in plasma cortisol levels were not observed. The patient’s urinary free cortisol (UFC) was 59.3 μg/day. The corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test showed that plasma ACTH levels were 1.5 times higher than the preload value. The overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) showed that the plasma cortisol level was not suppressed by 0.5 mg of dexamethasone (DEX) but was suppressed by 8 mg of DEX. Inferior pyramidal sinus sampling was consistent with Cushing’s disease. Taken together, the patient was clinically diagnosed with subclinical Cushing’s disease caused by an ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma. Endoscopic transsphenoidal adenomectomy was performed. In the postoperative CRH test, plasma ACTH levels showed six-fold increase. The postoperative DST showed cortisol suppression at 0.5 mg of DEX. The UFC levels decreased to 35.1 μg/day. Pituitary contrast-enhanced MRI revealed no residual tumor, and plasma ACTH and cortisol levels remained within normal ranges. Gel filtration of preoperative and postoperative plasma ACTH was performed, and a high molecular weight fraction of ACTH was detected, which markedly decreased postoperatively. The absence of Cushingoid features and the lack of significant cortisol hypersecretion in this case were thought to be due in part to big-ACTH, which has low bioactivity. By careful evaluation of laboratory and clinical findings, we identified it as a big-ACTH-producing adenoma. This is the first report of a case in which the big-ACTH transition was observed perioperative and is a valuable case.
Antimalarial Efficacy of Ethanol Extract of Bridelia micrantha Stem Bark against Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice
Authors: Kevin Tako Djimefo Alex , Cedric Yamssi , Nadia Noumedem Anangmo Christelle , Sandra Tientcheu Noutong Jemimah , Azizi Mounvera Abdel , Sidiki Ngouyamsa Nsapkain Aboubakar , Guy-Armand Gamago Nkadeu , Christian Mbohou Nchetnkou , Géraldine Essangui Same Estelle , Roméo Tankoua-Tchounda , Payne Vincent Khan , Gustave Lehman Léopold
Published: March 2024

Background. The spread of drug resistance is a significant issue, particularly in endemic countries with limited resources. The aim of this study was to evaluate antimalarial and antioxidant activity of B. micrantha in order to justify its use in traditional medicine. Methods. Evaluation of the in vivo antimalarial activity of B. micrantha was carried out according to the model of the suppressive and curative test of Peters’ over 4 days in infected Swiss albino mice. Antioxidant parameters and stress were measured after intraperitoneal administration of 1×107 infected red blood cells. Results. At doses of 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg, administration of B. micrantha substantially produced suppression of P. berghei infection by 67.75%, 73.46%, and 78.99%, respectively, while 84.64% of the untreated group (1% DMSO) had suppression from chloroquine. The curative test significantly decreased the levels of parasitaemia and death in the treated groups. Furthermore, after B. micrantha extract was given to infected mice, a noteworthy increase in total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was observed. On the other hand, hepatic catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) productions were considerably greater than that of the healthy control. Mice had considerably lower levels of nonenzymatic antioxidant markers such as glutathione, NO, and MDA showing that the liver was protected. Conclusion. The infected groups responded favorably to the ethanol extract of B. micrantha. This result justifies investigation for its use in Cameroon.
Physiopathology and Treatment of Obesity and Overweight: A Proposal for a New Anorectic
Authors: Silvestrini Bruno , Silvestrini Mauro
Published: March 2024

The “new epidemic,” as WHO calls obesity, is caused by overeating, which, having exceeded the body’s actual needs, accumulates in the form of health-damaging fat deposits. Moving more and eating less is the main remedy, but eating belongs to vital instincts, which are beyond the control of reason. In this sense, eating is different from drinking and breathing because without food it is possible to survive for a few weeks, without water for a few days, without oxygen for a few minutes. The first part of this article provides an overview of obesity and its treatment, focusing on the new anorectic anticipated in the title. The second part focuses on compulsive obesity, typically represented by constitutional obesity and food addiction. The article concludes with a discussion of the pharmacological treatment of compulsive diseases, to which some forms of obesity belong.
Supplementary Table 11 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Supplementary Table 11. Size of each identified transcriptional cluster as percentage of all profiled cells.
FIGURE 3 from Tumor Microenvironment Landscapes Supporting EGFR-mutant NSCLC Are Modulated at the Single-cell Interaction Level by Unesbulin Treatment
Authors: Maroni Giorgia , Krishnan Indira , Alfieri Roberta , Maymi Valerie A. , Pandell Nicole , Csizmadia Eva , Zhang Junyan , Weetall Marla , Branstrom Art , Braccini Giulia , Cabrera San Millán Eva , Storti Barbara , Bizzarri Ranieri , Kocher Olivier , Daniela Sanchez Bassères Daniela S. , Welner Robert S. , Magli Maria Cristina , Merelli Ivan , Clohessy John G. , Ali Azhar , Tenen Daniel G. , Levantini Elena
Published: March 2024

Deconvolution of healthy and diseased epithelial clusters highlights the malignant stem cell nature of C0epi and C4epi. A, UMAP cluster distribution of epithelial cells from healthy lungs (n = 3, dark blue), Vehicle- (n = 10, red), and Unesbulin-treated tumors (n = 3, light blue), up to 30 days. B, Split distribution of the 17 epithelial transcriptional clusters (C0–C16) identified in healthy lungs (left), Vehicle- (middle), and Unesbulin-treated tumors (right). Each color represents a defined transcriptomic cluster. C, Histograms representing C0–C16 percentage distribution per sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle-, and Unesbulin-treated tumors). D, Histograms representing the percentage contributions of C0–C16 clusters per sample (healthy lungs, Vehicle-, and Unesbulin-treated tumors). E, UMAP cluster annotation of epithelial cells from healthy lungs, and Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated tumors. Each color represents a different epithelial subpopulation. F, STREAM analysis on the AT2/AT1 subpopulations identifies states S0–S11. G, STREAM analysis on the AT2/AT1-annotating clusters depicts trajectories of differentiation. H, Heat map showing GSEA of Vehicle- and Unesbulin-treated C0epi-C4epi identifies signaling pathways enriched in each sample and affected upon treatment.
Noise coupling reduction using temperature enhanced device for future integrated circuit integration applications
Authors: Siva Kumar Malagonda , Mohanraj Jayavelu
Published: March 2024

Information technology-to-internet of things may have succeeded because of fast silicon chip capability expansion. Moore's law, which reduces device size, boosted integrated circuit (IC) performance. Delay rises with highdensity connection parasitic capacitance. Interconnect delays have surpassed transistor delays and slowed progress. An alternative is required now to reduce connection latency. The third dimension is used in popular 3D IC technology IC technology requires through silicon via (TSV) for signal integrity and heat mitigation. Noise coupling hinders electrical communication between signal-carrying TSVs (aggressive TSVs) and ground TSVs (victim TSVs), a 3D IC bottleneck. TSVs must be dielectrically insulated from Si substrates to avoid electrical signal interference. Additionally, first-order modelling will confirm the suggestions. This article proposes using the nanosheet field effect transistor (NSFET) to overcome 3D IC noise coupling and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology nodes. After discussing the electronic industry and sub nm, several basic metrics and criteria for developing electronic components are presented. The first technique uses Perylene-N's exceptional noise-cancelling characteristics. Second technique uses electrical TSV (ETSV), thermal TSV (TTSV), and heat source models to measure noise coupling on numerous ICs. The third proposes many noise-reducing materials. The suggested structures outperform traditional approaches.
Internet of things based smart photovoltaic panel monitoring system
Authors: Kalaiarasi Arcot Ramakrishnan , Devi Ayyadurai Chinnadurai Vasunthira , Yeshwanth Vijayan , Pravinraj Samuthiraraj , Prabakaran Muthu
Published: March 2024

Solar energy has the potential to meet the entire world's energy requirements. Previous study revealed that photovoltaic (PV) panel monitoring methods are far more difficult and exclusive. This study examines and proposes an automated internet of things (IoT)-based PV panel monitoring system that allows autonomous monitoring of solar panel properties such as voltage, temperature, humidity, and sun irradiation from anywhere over the internet. Excessive human demand can be reduced by collecting data from solar panels. Many data sets can be collected frequently; for example, thousands of data points can be collected each minute. Continuous monitoring is achievable by gathering real-time data. Because there is no possibility of human error, highly accurate data can be generated.
Hybrid fault tolerant cost aware mechanism for scientific workflow in cloud computing
Authors: Doddaiah Chaya T. , Rafi Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Cloud computing provides solutions for diverse commercial and academic applications which is the primary goal. Scientific workflows are used in the cloud-computing environment to analyses large-scale scientific applications. For scientific workflows, many data is required, and a single scientific workflow that includes hundreds of stages, depending on the application's time restrictions, task failures, money limits, incorrect task organization, and task management issues can all hinder the implementation of scientific methods. In light of this, a cloud-based scientific workflow management and scheduling system that is fault-tolerant and data-oriented method are proposed. This research designs a novel hybrid cost-aware fault tolerant (HCFT) mechanism for minimizing the cost. Moreover, HCFT integrates optimal clustering and efficient resource utilization through parallel and distributed execution. Novelty of HCFT lies in novel clustering of the similar task for improvisation, CyberShake, laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory (LIGO), Montage, and sRNA identification protocol using high throughput technology (SIPHT) processes are used in the simulations to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.
Machine learning based education data mining through student session streams
Authors: Hanumanthappa Shashirekha , Prakash Chetana
Published: March 2024

Recently, significant growth in using online-based learning stream (i.e., elearning systems) have been seen due to pandemic such as COVID-19. Forecasting student performance has become a major task as an institution is focusing on improving the quality of education and students' performance. Data mining (DM) employing machine learning (ML) techniques have been employed in the e-learning platform for analyzing student session streams and predicting academic performance with good effects. A recent, study shows ML-based methodologies exhibit when data is imbalanced. In addressing ensemble learning by combining multiple ML algorithms for choosing the best model according to data. However, the existing ensemblebased model does not incorporate feature importance into the student performance prediction model. Thus, exhibits poor performance, especially for multi-label classification. In addressing this, this paper presents an improved ensemble learning mechanism by modifying the XGBoost algorithm, namely modified XGBoost (MXGB). The MXGB incorporates an effective cross-validation scheme that learns correlation among features more efficiently. The experiment outcome shows the proposed MXGBabased student performance prediction model achieves much better prediction accuracy contrary to the state-of-art ensemble-based student performance prediction model.
Internet of thing based health monitoring system using wearable sensors networks
Authors: Mirza Mohsina , Periyasamy Valarmathi , Ramesh Mekala , Mariappan Sathya , Rajagopal Sudarmani , Suriyan Kannadhasan , Venusamy Kanagaraj
Published: March 2024

Maintaining mental and physical health is becoming increasingly important for maintaining independent living, particularly as the population of people suffering from chronic illnesses like diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and other conditions rises and the average age of many societies keeps rising. Using sensors, monitoring health remotely, and ultimately recognising daily activities have all been proposed as potential strategies. In this work, fatigue threshold and environmental bounds are assessed and provided via an external interface to a microcontroller unit (MCU) in addition to the required restrictions. Rerouting the required boundaries into the long range (LoRa) and Bluetooth module, the MCU is responsible for editing and analysing the raw data to remove the oxygen immersion, pulse, and temperature data. These important restrictions are sent to many terminals, such as PCs and mobile devices, using the remote Bluetooth and LoRa module. For data storage and retrieval, any IoT platform may be used. With caution, the patient is discharged home after the medical experts have carefully evaluated the diseases in light of the new features. To telemonitor patients with heart conditions, the test results show that the framework is efficient and dependable for collecting, sending, and presenting electrocardiogram (ECG) data constantly.
Reliability analysis of GAN based transmit modules for active array antenna of phased array radar
Authors: B. Sajidha Thabbasum , Narasimhaiah Veena Kalludi
Published: March 2024

Reliability is one of the most important requirements in our day to day life considering consistency, availability and failure free performance of the product over it’s define mission time. As complexity of the system increases, design for reliable systems is a big challenge. The objective of the reliability prediction analysis is to evaluate the predicted reliability of the active transmit receive modules (TRMs) under specified operating conditions, and to demonstrate that the predicted reliability meets the requirements, also to identify any parts present in the design which leads to higher failure rates. The research shows reliability of generative adversarial network (GAN) based TRMs covering from design to finalization of components as early as practicable in today's short product lifecycles. Using the reliability prediction process, we describe a method for providing design engineers with reliability feedback on their decisions. Using a conventional reliability prediction model, the Telcordia (Bellcore) parts stress prediction model, and some standard rules of thumb, we describe an initial implementation of this technique. It provides systematic identification of likely modes of failure, possible effects of each failure, and the criticality of each failure with regard to reliability, system readiness, mission success, and demand for maintenance/logistic support.
Frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for multiband applications
Authors: Abraham Jacob , Natarajan Kirthika , Andi Senthilkumar , Mariyarose Jemin Vijayaselvan , Alagarsamy Manjunathan , Suriyan Kannadhasan
Published: March 2024

Wireless communication technology is well-established, and several antennas have been developed and produced specifically for this purpose. However, antenna performance and communication system development need to be enhanced in order to adapt to the present era. The performance of the antenna is significantly influenced by its design. Thus, this work produced a novel wideband antenna design via the use of a frequency reconfigurable approach. In the recommended study, microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) were used in wideband applications to switch frequencies using shunt-series microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The suggested antenna, which has two switches built into it, is tested in ON-ON, OFF-ON, and OFF-OFF switching scenarios. Radiation pattern, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, bandwidth, and return loss are among the antenna performance metrics used to assess the suggested antenna's performance in each switching situation. The simulation findings suggest that the optimal antenna design for usage in wireless communication systems is one that works well with a shunt-series MEMS switch.
Low-cost electrocardiogram monitoring system for elderly people using LabVIEW
Authors: Yauri Ricardo , Delgado Max , Flores Enzo , LLerena Oscar
Published: March 2024

Cardiovascular diseases increase due to factors such as obesity, an inadequate diet, and are a problem due to shortages of medical personnel and hospitals. In this case, the implementation of technological solutions is presented as a necessity to prevent heart diseases. Various approaches are used to design low-cost electrocardiogram (ECG) devices, from the use of Bluetooth technology to facilitate data transmission, to the development of wearable ECG devices that use artificial intelligence. The objective is to develop a monitoring system in LabVIEW to visualize the heart rhythms of older adults in the city of Lima (Peru), focusing on ease of use and adaptation to their needs, with the purpose of collaboration between health professionals. A development approach is used that encompasses design, implementation, and iterative testing, as well as practical evaluations and pilot testing. As a result, the correct functioning of the ECG device was validated. Electronic components and electrodes were integrated into the board to capture cardiac signals, energized with batteries and sending the information to an interface in LabVIEW. In conclusion, a portable ECG device has been developed that uses operational amplifiers (Op-amps) and analog filters to reduce noise in cardiac measurements and an intuitive interface in LabVIEW
Breeding of the ‘Critically Endangered’ White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis in the Shan Highlands, Myanmar
Authors: Sai Sein Lin Oo  , Nang Lao Kham  , Marcela Suarez-Rubio  , Renner Swen C.
Published: March 2024

Recent studies have shown the importance of Myanmar for the conservation of three ‘Critically Endangered’ vulture populations. From November 2022 to March 2023, we carried out rapid surveys on vulture nests and nesting tree characteristics in Ke Hsi Township, Shan Highlands. We recorded 10 nests of White-rumped Vultures, Gyps bengalensis, on five nesting trees from four different localities. Six nests were active, and six nestlings were observed; four nests were inactive or abandoned. Most of the nests were recorded on Ficus spp. and the mean nest height was 13.6 m (SD ± 4.1) above ground. This represents the first confirmed record of the breeding success of White-rumped Vultures from Shan Highlands and confirms the ongoing presence of the species in Shan States. The population of G. bengalensis in Shan Highlands is small, but the confirmed breeding is significant in the wider context for this species.
Five Interconnections of Race and Class
Authors: Billeaux-Martinez Michael , Calnitsky David
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes a five-part empirical typology of interconnections of race and class. We describe the mechanisms whereby (1) race is a form of class relation; (2) race relations and class relations reciprocally affect each other; (3) race acts as a sorting mechanism into class locations; (4) race acts as a mediating linkage to class locations; and (5) race interacts with class in determining other outcomes. Rather than insisting on one or another mechanism as the overarching framework for conceptualising the interconnections between race and class, we propose a theoretical integration of all five within a functionalist model. The model reconciles the empirical effects of race variables with a class-functionalist explanation of race. Our typology of interconnections is useful for situating concrete empirical phenomena, and our theoretical integration of those interconnections offers a coherent explanatory system that captures the recursive causality of race and class.
Application of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Implantation for Periodontitis Treatment and Oral Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Song Lina , Yan Pengpeng , Dong Zefei , Wang Luping , Ma Junchao
Published: March 2024

In this study, the combined application of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) implants and root planing was used for the treatment of periodontitis. A total of 80 patients with chronic periodontitis who were admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to March 2023 were selected and randomly
divided into the control group (root planing) and observation group (root planing+nHA implants), each consisting of 40 cases. The gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected to detect changes in inflammatory factors before, 6 weeks after, and 12 weeks after operation. Additionally, periodontal
indexes such as plaque index (PLI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD), and attachment loss (AL) were evaluated. The therapeutic efficacy, aesthetic outcome, and incidence of adverse reactions were analyzed between the two groups. The results indicated that after the operation,
both groups exhibited lower levels of periodontal index AL, PD, SBI, PLI, and inflammatory factors compared to pre-operation levels. However, the observation group demonstrated superior outcomes with significantly higher postoperative PES scores and total treatment effective rates. Although
adverse reaction incidence was slightly lower in the observation group (7.5%) than in the control group (15%), there was no statistically significant difference between them (P > 0.05). Therefore, it can be inferred that the combined application of nHA implants and root planing in
patients with chronic periodontitis yields favorable postoperative recovery and effectively enhances the periodontal condition. Consequently, this approach can serve as an optimal therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Application of Concentrated Growth Factors in Combination with Bio-Oss for Extraction of Mandibular Proximal Impacted Wisdom Teeth
Authors: Yang Yongtao , Sun Xiaolan , Wang Shanshan , Yao Wei , Chen Siyu , Shu Lisha , Yang Rong , Zhu Yaomin
Published: March 2024

In this study, we investigate the combined application of concentrated growth factor (CGF) and Bio-Oss (BO) for the treatment of periodontal bone defect (BD) after extraction of impacted wisdom teeth. Firstly, we assess the osteogenic properties of CGF in periodontal ligament stem cells
(PDLSCs). The concentration-dependent effect of CGF on enhancing the activity of PDLSCs has been demonstrated. Furthermore, CGF effectively promotes differentiation and enhances the osteogenic function of PDLSCs, leading to improved expression of related osteogenic proteins. Subsequently,
a total of 64 patients with loss of alveolar bone in the second molar, who received treatment at our hospital between July 2020 and July 2023, are included. They are randomly divided into a BO group (treated with BO) and a CGF/BO group (treated with CGF+BO). We observe that the combined application
of CGF and BO demonstrated superior efficacy in alleviating pain, reducing swelling, and preventing dry socket incidence. In addition, it exhibited enhanced effectiveness in restoring periodontal tissue, including reducing probing depth, gingival depth, and clinical attachment loss. It also
displayed better inhibition of gingival inflammatory response and gingival bleeding. Furthermore, it could enhance the restoration of periodontal BD, such as increasing the width of the alveolar bone and root depth, reducing the vertical distance from the apex of the alveolar ridge, as well
as improving dental function. Therefore, the combined application of CGF and BO holds great potential in periodontal BD therapy for promoting the regeneration of periodontal bone, thus restoring dental function.
Clinical Efficacy Observation of Acetylcysteine Combined with Tiotropium Bromide Inhalation for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Yuan Lei
Published: March 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common inflammatory airway disease. When acute exacerbations occur in patients, their pulmonary function (PF) and quality of life (QOL) will be adversely affected, with patient mortality closely related to the frequency and severity
of the episodes. This study mainly focuses on the clinical efficacy of acetylcysteine (AC) combined with tiotropium bromide (TB) inhalation for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). First, 110 patients with AECOPD admitted between February 2019 and February 2021 were selected, of whom 51 cases
treated with TB inhalation alone were set as the control group (the Con), and the other 59 cases using the combination therapy (AC+TB inhalation) were set as the observation group (the Obs). Subsequently, inter-group comparisons were performed in terms of clinical efficacy, symptom scores
(e.g., cough, expectoration, and dyspnea), PF (e.g., total lung volume [TLC], forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], and peak expiratory flow [PEF]), inflammatory factors (IFs; e.g., high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin-18 [IL-18], matrix metalloproteinase-2 [MMP-2]),
and QOL (St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ]). The Obs had higher overall treatment efficacy and lower symptom (e.g., cough, expectoration, and dyspnea) scores than the Con. Furthermore, the Obs exhibited statistically lower hs-CRP, IL-18, and MMP-2 levels and SGRQ scores and
higher TLC, FEV1, and PEF than the Con after treatment. AC+TB inhalation is superior to TB inhalation alone in treating patients with AECOPD, thereby improving patients’ clinical symptoms, PF, and QOL, while inhibiting IFs, including hs-CRP, IL-18, and MMP-2.
Evaluation of Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities for Pluronic F-127 Encapsulated Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Alstoniayunnanensis Leaf Extract
Authors: Hui Lu , XiangYe Wang , DongDong Zhang , WeiBing Wang , Long Sui , XiWei Lu , FeiXiong Du
Published: March 2024

Primary brain tumors caused by gliomas are most frequently found in the neurons of the central nervous system. The present study explores the effects of Pluronic F-127 coated magnesium oxide nanoparticles (PF-127 MgO NPs) using Alstonia yunnanensis leaf extract (A. yunnanensis)
on C6 glioma cells (C6 cells). The vital part of nanotechnology is the formulation of environmentally friendly methods for making NPs. Because of their small size, NPs can pass easily through the holes in intracellular cell membranes and into living tissue. Numerous integrated protein therapies
have shown enhanced medicinal qualities and thermo stability owing to PF-127. MgO is employed in cell therapy, tissue repair and the creation of cancer medicines. In this research, we synthesized PF-127 MgO NPs using A. yunnanensis leaf extract to study the activity of their anti-bacterial
and anti-cancer activities on C6 cells. We examined the synthesized NPs by the UV-Vis, FT-IR, PL, TEM, SAED, FE-SEM, EDAX, XRD, and DLS techniques. The anti-bacterial effectiveness and anti-cancer activity C6 cells on MTT assay, AO/EtBr, DAPI, DCFH-DA and Rh-123 staining methods of synthesized
PF-127 MgO NPs. Moreover, the synthesized NPs characterization studies can be used high activity anti-bacterial and significant anti-cancer activity were noticed. The study finds that the NPs increased ROS accumulation and resulting in apoptotic cell death. Overall, our findings show that
synthesized PF-127 coated MgO NPs using A. yunnanensis leaf extract possess anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties in C6 cells.
Immune Clearance Mechanism for Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in Pelvic Peritonitis by Directly Targeting MiR-206a Using Magnetic Ferric Oxide Particles as a Carrier
Authors: Li Qing , Liu Dianfang , Zhang Yanhong
Published: March 2024

miR-206a can directly target and regulate hypoxia-inducible factor, playing a role in inflammation and immune response. This study explored the effect of miR-206a using magnetic ferric oxide particles as a carrier to directly target and regulate HIF on immune clearance mechanism for
pelvic peritonitis. A rat model of pelvic peritonitis was constructed and divided into NC group, NC group, Fe3O4 nanoparticle group, Fe3O4-miR-206a group, miR-206a gene knockout group, 740Y-P group, BKM120 group, Fe3O4-miR-206a+BKM120
group, PHD group, BAY 87-2243 group, Fe3O4-miR-206a+PHD group, 740Y-P+PHD group, BKM120+PHD group, and Fe3O4-miR-206a+BKM120+PHD group. We then detected serum C-Reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α and IL-6 levels, T lymphocyte, and miR-206a
expression. HIF, TNF, IL-1, and IL-6 protein expressions were also detected. A rat model for pelvic peritonitis was also established, and magnetic ferric oxide particles carrying miR-206a nanocomplexes were successfully prepared. Levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP were reduced under
intervention by Fe3O4-miR-206a, and blood flow was reduced. All chemical indicators were reduced, and inflammatory response was significantly improved. After knocking out the miR-206a, the opposite results were observed. This study findings show that, miR-206a can directly
target and regulate HIF to inhibit PI3K/Akt signaling pathway using magnetic ferric oxide particles as a carrier, thereby improving the immune clearance ability for patients with pelvic peritonitis, reducing inflammatory reactions, and thus improving prognosis. In addition, this research not
only provides a new direction for management of inflammatory diseases, but also serves as a reference for treatment of immune diseases. Therefore, direct targeting and regulating HIF by miR-206a using magnetic ferric oxide particles as a carrier can become an effective strategy for the treatment
of inflammatory and immune-related diseases.
Application of MOF Nanoenzyme in Rapid Detection of Food Allergens System
Authors: Wang Wei , Song Xin , Pang Chong , Ouyang Shengrong
Published: March 2024

Food allergies are a common immune response that can lead to serious health problems. Rapid and accurate detection of allergens in food is crucial for protecting people’s health and quality of life. In this study, β-lactoglobulin in milk serves as a model allergen,
and nucleic acid aptamer-loaded MN patches are utilized as rapid capture elements. Moreover, metal organic frameworks loaded with complementary aptamer sequences are employed as signal amplification elements. The combination of these two elements establishes a rapid visualization detection
system for allergens, employing specific microneedle array patches-MOF nanoenzymes. The results show that the combination of TMB+H2O2 +MOF-RC has the highest peroxidase like activity of 1.732. Compared to TMB+H2O2 +MOF, it has increased by 0.547.
Meanwhile, the MN-MOF detection method has excellent specificity for the detection of β-Lg. This specific microneedle array patches and MOF nanoenzymes-based allergen rapid detection system demonstrates practical application benefits, providing a viable solution for swiftly detecting
food allergens and safeguarding people’s health and quality of life.
Unpaired Downscaling of Fluid Flows with Diffusion Bridges
Authors: Bischoff Tobias , Deck Katherine
Published: March 2024

We present a method to downscale idealized geophysical fluid simulations using generative models based on diffusion maps. By analyzing the Fourier spectra of fields drawn from different data distributions, we show how a diffusion bridge can be used as a transformation between a low resolution and a high resolution dataset, allowing for new sample generation of high-resolution fields given specific low resolution features. The ability to generate new samples allows for the computation of any statistic of interest, without any additional calibration or training. Our unsupervised setup is also designed to downscale fields without access to paired training data; this flexibility allows for the combination of multiple source and target domains without additional training. We demonstrate that the method enhances resolution and corrects context-dependent biases in geophysical fluid simulations, including in extreme events. We anticipate that the same method can be used to downscale the output of climate simulations, including temperature and precipitation fields, without needing to train a new model for each application and providing a significant computational cost savings.
An Accurate and Automated Convective Vortex Detection Method for Long-Duration Infrasound Microbarometer Data
Authors: Berg Elizabeth M. , Urtecho Louis J. , Krishnamoorthy Siddharth , Silber Elizabeth A. , Sparks Andrew , Bowman Daniel C.
Published: March 2024

Heating of the surficial layer of the atmosphere often generates convective vortices, known as “dust devils” when they entrain visible debris. Convective vortices are common on both Earth and Mars, where they affect the climate via dust loading, contribute to wind erosion, impact the efficiency of photovoltaic systems, and potentially result in injury and property damage. However, long-duration terrestrial convective vortex activity records are rare. We have developed a high-precision and high-recall method to extract convective vortex signatures from infrasound microbarometer data streams. The techniques utilizes a wavelet-based detector to capture potential events and then a template matching system to extract the duration of the vortex. Since permanent and temporary infrasound sensors networks are present throughout the globe (many with open data), our method unlocks a vast new convective vortex dataset without requiring the deployment of specialized instrumentation.

Significance Statement

Convective vortices, or “dust devils,” contribute to regional dust loading in Earth’s atmosphere. However, long-duration convective vortex activity records are rare. We came up with a way to autonomously detect the pressure signatures left by convective vortices striking low-frequency sound, or “infrasound,” sensors. Since permanent infrasound stations have been active for decades, our method has the potential to add orders-of-magnitude more events than previously catalogued.
Rural Vascular Trauma: Time to Care
Authors: Bakhshi Kirran , Rhodes-Lyons Heather , Ahmed Ayman
Published: March 2024

Previous rural vascular trauma research has focused on case series dating back two decades. The current research aims to measure clinical decline in comparison to time to care in rural vascular trauma. This single-center retrospective cohort study included adult trauma patients with vascular injury who were admitted to a level II trauma center. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the effect of clinical decline based on arrival within the golden hour. 149 patients were included. For every 1 unit increase in the shock index ratio, there was 99.9% reduction in odds that the patient would arrive to the trauma center within the golden hour. This study is the first of its kind within the last two decades to comprehensively review rural vascular trauma. Our research showed clinical decline in SIR associated with prolonged time to care and will allow us to optimize pre-hospital care and transport in regions with prolonged arrival times.
Backtalk: It’s time to come together around good math instruction
Authors: Munson Lynne , McAnelly Nell
Published: March 2024

A consensus has emerged in recent years about what good reading instruction should look like. Lynne Munson and Nell NcAnelly argue that a similar movement is needed for math. A new science of mathematics instruction would focus on coherence, conceptual understanding, and real-world application.
Factors hindering the use of Braille for instruction and assessment of students with visual impairments: A systematic review
Authors: Kana Fituma Yadasa , Hagos Asmerom Tekle
Published: March 2024

Students with visual impairments require Braille to support their reading and writing skills. The ability to read and write Braille is a fundamental skill that students need to master in the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to know various barriers that can hinder Braille learning for students with visual impairments at different grade levels. We found 186 research articles after searching for keywords for factors hindering educational inclusion of students with visual impairments using Braille, Braille barriers, obstacles to the development of Braille in schools, and factors that hinder the use of Braille for instruction and assessment of students with visual impairments through online databases ERIC, EBSCOhost, PsycINFO, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link. In this systematic review, 12 relevant articles met the inclusion criteria set out of 186 initial search results by reviewing the abstract part of the selected articles. We assessed the quality of these 12 selected articles using a mixed-method appraisal technique and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. This systematic review examined the barriers to learning Braille and its use in schools for instructing and assessing learners with visual impairments. This systematic review identified several obstacles that contribute to the spread and development of Braille in schools: (1) students who are blind or low vision who lack access, interest, and rely on voice; (2) school-related factors like a lack of inclusive curriculum, teachers’ lack of knowledge about Braille, and the scarcity of Braille printed resources; and (3) educational leadership–related factors: a lack of policy, a lack of Braille technologies, and insufficient research. Hence, educational experts, policymakers, and curriculum developers must consider the following factors while designing the curriculum and assessments for learners with visual impairments to ensure their inclusion in the least restrictive learning environment.
Incidence of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolisms in Stroke Patients
Authors: AL Turk Mostafa , Abraham Michael
Published: March 2024

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common but preventable complication observed in critically ill patients. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the most common type of VTE, with clinical significance based on location and symptoms. There is an increased incidence of DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE) in ischemic stroke patients using unfractionated heparin (UFH) for VTE prophylaxis compared with those using enoxaparin. However, UFH is still used in some patients due to its perceived safety, despite conflicting literature suggesting that enoxaparin may have a protective effect. The current study aimed to determine the incidence of VTEs in patients with acute ischemic strokes on UFH versus enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis, subclassifying the VTEs depending on their location and symptoms. It also aimed to examine the safety profile of both drugs. A total of 909 patients admitted to the Neuro-ICU with the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke were identified, and 634 patients were enrolled in the study—170 in the enoxaparin group and 464 in the UFH group—after applying the exclusion criteria. Nineteen patients in the UFH group (4.1%) and 3 patients in the enoxaparin group (1.8%) had a VTE. The incidence of DVT in the UFH group was 12 (2.6%), all of which were symptomatic, compared with 3 (1.8%) in the enoxaparin group, wherein one case was symptomatic. Nine patients (1.9%) in the UFH group developed a PE during the study period, and all of them were symptomatic. No patients in the enoxaparin group developed PE. No statistically significant difference was found between both groups. However, 18 patients in the UFH group (3.9%) experienced intracranial hemorrhage compared with none in the enoxaparin group, and this difference was statistically significant. Enoxaparin was found to be as effective as and potentially safer than UFH when used for VTE prophylaxis in stroke patients.
Novel in-situ real-time line scan optical monitoring of wear and surface damage initiation in a laboratory twin disc test
Authors: Wilby Adam PG , Corteen Jacob , Lewis Roger , Fletcher David I
Published: March 2024

A new optical monitoring system has been developed to photograph in-situ in real time the initiation of damage on the running surface of a rail steel twin-disc sample undergoing wear testing. The line-scan camera system has been demonstrated on the Sheffield University ROlling Sliding 2 (SUROS2) twin-disc machine. The results show the system can continuously track the development of wear flakes, with wear flake initiation and stabilisation of wear flake size observed without test interruption for the first time. Image analysis to quantify the total wear flake shadow pixel count showed a good correlation with the mass loss results, indicating the potential for the optical data to quantify rail steel wear without interruption to testing. Furthermore, in a water-lubricated test the new system enables observation of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) crack initiation through a water layer present on the specimens, without requiring test interruption. The improving knowledge of the wear and RCF performance of rail steels available from the new observation method can help improve understanding of steel performance and support to the selection of rail steel grades according to their performance.