bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Results on Symmetric Reverse ∗-n-Derivations
Authors: Faraj Anwar Khaleel , Hashem Ruqaya Saadi
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the commuting and centralizing of symmetric reverse ∗- -derivation on Lie ideal are studied and the commutativity of prime ∗-ring with the concept of symmetric reverse ∗- -derivations are proved under certain conditions.
Review of Sherine Hamdy, Our Bodies Belong to God: Organ Transplants, Islam, and the Struggle for Human Dignity in Egypt
Authors: Viles Katharine
Published: September 2019

In a nuanced study of dialysis and transplantation in Egypt, Sherine Hamdy locates the decisions and processes of living with and dying from acute renal failure within a broader schema of necropolitics, an application of biopower through which sovereignty is expressed by allowing to live or exposing to death and bodies hover somewhere in the middle according to their particularities...
Caracterización de variedades cultivadas de Capsicum pubescens en Michoacán, México
Authors: Escalera-Ordaz Ana Karen , Guillén-Andrade Héctor , Lara-Chávez Ma. Blanca Nieves , Lemus-Flores Clemente , Rodríguez-Carpena Javier German , Valdivia-Bernal Roberto
Published: September 2019

El estado de Michoacán cuenta con zonas agroecológicas homogéneas diversas que favorecen la amplia diversidad de especies vegetales, donde se incluye el cultivo del chile, considerado como uno de los principales cultivos a nivel mundial. El cultivo de C. pubescens ha cobrado mayor importancia en los últimos años por el incremento en su producción. Esta especie, presenta amplia variabilidad genética aprovechable en programas de mejoramiento genético. Sin embargo, la variabilidad existente en el estado de Michoacán no ha sido suficientemente documentada, por lo que se desconoce del potencial genético que representa. En el presente trabajo se planteó la recolección y caracterización morfológica de variedades cultivadas de C. pubescens en distintas zonas agroecológicas con objetivo de evaluar la variabilidad morfológica y relacionarla con las diferentes condiciones agroecológicas existentes. La caracterización morfológica in situ se hizo con base en los descriptores propuestos por el IPGRI, AVRDC y CATIE y la UPOV, la evaluación incluyó 27 características de hoja, fruto y semilla. Los resultados obtenidos indican que existe una amplia variabilidad en las variedades cultivadas de C. pubescens. Asimismo, las características de fruto fueron identificadas como las de mayor importancia para discriminar las variedades con potencial para ser utilizadas, como parámetros de calidad, en programas de mejoramiento genético. Finalmente, no se identificó relación alguna entre la variabilidad morfológica de C. pubescens y los sitios de origen de las variedades cultivadas.
Identificación de hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares en huertos de aguacate de Uruapan, Michoacán
Authors: Raya Montaño Yurixhi Atenea , Apáez Barrios Patricio , Aguirre Paleo Salvador , Vargas Sandoval Margarita , Paz Da Silva Raquel , Lara-Chávez Ma. Blanca Nieves
Published: September 2019

La actividad agrícola más importante en Michoacán es el aguacate que representa ingresos de $30 265 787.40 pesos anuales. El cultivo es extensivo y se basa en prácticas agrícolas convencionales que afectan las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diversidad de especies de hongos micorrizógenos arbusculares (HMA) en huertos de aguacate. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo en huertos durante la estación de lluvias (agosto de 2016). Las muestras de suelo (tres submuestras por huerto) se tomaron desde el horizonte superior hasta 30 cm de profundidad. En el laboratorio, las esporas se aislaron a partir de muestras de suelo seco y se identificaron morfológicamente. Se registraron y describieron 15 morfo especies de HMA clasificadas en ocho géneros y cuatro familias. El 78.5% de las especies pertenecen a las familias Glomeraceae y Diversisporaceae; el resto a Claroideoglomeraceae y Acaulosporaceae; se identificaron las especies Sclerocystis sinuosa, S. rubiformis, Funneliformis geosporum, F. mosseae, Acaulospora scrobiculata, Diversispora spurca y Entrophospora infrequens, reportadas en cultivos de aguacate, mientras que Glomus citrícola, G. macrocarpum, Septoglomus constrictum y Claroideoglomus claroideum, se reportan por primera vez en aguacate. La presencia de D. aurantia y Tricispora nevadensis se registran primera vez en México. Por lo que en la actualidad existe gran diversidad de HMA en huertos de aguacate de Uruapan que es necesario conservar.
Selección de plantas de papaya sobresalientes en ambientes comerciales con fines de mejoramiento
Authors: Álvarez Hernández Juan Carlos , Tapia-Vargas Luis Mario
Published: September 2019

Por la demanda del mercado, en las regiones productoras de México la variedad dominante es la Maradol, en diferentes niveles de calidad de fruta, ya que el tipo de semilla que se utiliza varía desde las originales F1, hasta selecciones descendientes identificadas como F2 a F5. Lo anterior, conlleva a una degeneración y segregación genotípica. De esta manera es necesaria una adecuada selección de progenitores y polinización controlada para la producción de semilla, y que este adaptada a la región de interés. Por ello, el objetivo fue seleccionar plantas de papaya sobresalientes y adaptadas a la zona productora de Michoacán. Mediante exploraciones de campo en parcelas comerciales, se identificaron y caracterizaron plantas de papaya del tipo Maradol hermafroditas y con características sobresalientes. En las plantas se seleccionaron botones florales y fueron cubiertos para provocar la autopolinización. Los frutos se colectaron en etapa de madurez y se obtuvieron las semillas. Se registraron variables morfológicas de planta y frutos, sanidad y germinación. 12 huertas presentaron plantas sobresalientes. La caracterización del progreso en el desarrollo de botón floral a frutos fue variable, pues se redujo la cantidad de frutos formados con relación a los botones cubiertos inicialmente, así como también, redujo la cantidad de frutos colectados en relación con los frutos formados. En cuanto al estado fitosanitario, se registró la presencia de virus, ácaros y otros insectos en la mayoría de las huertas registradas. La germinación fue aceptable. Se concluyó que se identificaron y caracterizaron plantas de papaya seleccionadas con base a características sobresalientes y adaptadas a la zona productora de Michoacán, para posterior estudio de mejoramiento.
Actinobacterias con potencial antagónico in vitro a hongos fitopatógenos y promoción del crecimiento en plantas de chile
Authors: Sánchez-García Bertha María , Ramírez-Pimentel Juan Gabriel , Guevara-Acevedo Luis Patricio , Raya-Pérez Juan Carlos , Covarrubias-Prieto Jorge , Mora-Avilés María Alejandra
Published: September 2019

El potencial inhibitorio de tres cepas de actinobacterias (B21, B22 y B37) contra los fitopatógenos: Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora capsici y Fusarium oxysporum fue evaluado in vitro mediante la técnica de cultivos aperados, donde a las 72 h después de la confrontación se evaluó el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento radial (PICR) por las actinobacterias. Los resultados mostraron un PICR variable entre 67.54 y 93.84% dependiendo del patógeno. La cepa B22 fue la que mostro un PICR promedio de 98.73% para los tres fitopatógenos. En el escrutinio in vivo, las plantas de chile inoculadas con las actinobacterias mostraron mayor altura de la planta y mayor peso seco de los frutos con respecto al testigo, lo que sugiere que las actinobacterias promueven el crecimiento de plantas de chile.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TALAQQI METHOD IN MEMORIZING AL QUR'AN AT SCHOOL OF HAFIDZ QUR'AN OF MUHAJIRIN IN CENTRAL GRESIK
Authors: Ashar Hanif
Published: September 2019

The formulation of this research problem is: first, how is the implementation of Talaqqi method in memorizing Al Qur'an at School of Hafidz Qur'an of Muhajirin in Central Gresik ?; second, what are the inhibiting and its supporting factors?; third, how is the solution to overcome these obstacles?The type of research in this study used field research with a qualitative approach; and the methods of data collection were observation, interviews, and documentation.The research findings in this research can be concluded that first: The implementation of Talaqqi method in memorizing Al Qur'an at School of Hafidz Qur'an of Muhajirin in Central Gresik is carried out with four stages: preparation, applying, material, evaluation and closing; second: supporting factor of talaqqi method implementation in memorizing Al-Qur'an at School of Hafidz Qur'an of Muhajirin in Central Gresik that is the existence of adequate facilities, productivity of santri (students)’ age, professionalism of teachers based on the fields, treatment of ustadz/ustadzah (teachers), quiet environment, santri guardian, as well as regular meetings. While, the inhibiting factors are santri’s difficulty in arranging time, lack of awareness of talaqqi method benefit, lack of santri’s fluency in reading Al-Qur'an, and lack of santri guardian’s support; third: the solution to overcome these obstacles is to give the task of memorizing at home, to provide a model of tadarrus (reciting) the Qur'an, to encourage students to study in the TPQ (a place of learning to recite Al-Qur'an), to establish communication with the santri guardian. Keywords: Talaqqi Method, Memorizing Al Qur'an, Implementation
STRATEGY MODELS IN LEARNING OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN ESSENSIALISM PHILOSOPHY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Rahman Fahruddin A
Published: September 2019

This research discusses how models of learning strategies of Islamic religious education; second, how the learning concept of essentialism philosophy; third, how the models of learning strategy of Islamic education in essentialism philosophy perpesktif.The type of research in this thesis uses library research, with a qualitative approach; data collection method: documentary method, that is to collect data and information on library materials relevant to research object; is data analysis with deductive method and inductive method.The research findings in this thesis can be summarized: First: The learning strategy of Islamic Education is a conceptual framework that serves as a guide for education designers and implementers. Learning strategy models used are student-centered learning strategies such as, co-operative, contextual and Active; Second: The essentialism philosophy is an educational philosophy that argues that education must have a firm footing of old cultural values, historical legacies, which have been proven to bring goodness to life. The models of instructional strategies in the essentialism philosophy  perspective are teacher-centered learning strategies (Teacher Centered); Third: The use of learning strategy models that emphasize student activities, students as subjects (Student Centered), such as contextual learning (CTL), Active learning, and Cooperative learning, should not reduce and completely eliminate the existence of teachers. However, the success of education or learning in educating, teaching, and shaping student characteristics lies in the extent of teacher role involvement in education and learning itself. Keywords: Learning Strategy, Essentialism Philosophy, Models
THE INFLUENCE OF NONFORMAL EDUCATION TO THE RELIGIOUS UNDERSTANDING ON LEARNING GROUP OF PEOPLE IN SUNDAY MORNING MADANI COMMUNITY IN BOJONEGORO REGENCY
Authors: Yono Tari
Published: September 2019

This study aims to explore what underlies the Influence of Non-formal Education on the understanding of religion in the congregation of early morning "Madani Community" in Bojonegoro, the quantitative approach, how far the understanding of the congregation can engage and understand the religion of Islam. The first variable is "Non-formal education" as the independent variable and the second variable is "Understanding religion" as the dependent variable. The problem needs to be studied because the author realizes that the condition of society is good if all parties have concern for the society environment where education is a requirement, the human key to living side by side in the community environment is located. Therefore, the author pursues the theoretical and empirical. Theoretically studying some sources of literature, while empirically conducting field research, by using methods: observation, interview, documentation, and questioner. The result from this study found, at 5% significance level at N = 60 indicates the number 0.254, while the value RXY obtained is: 0.421 Thus the RXY obtained is greater than the price of "r" in the 5% Significant Tables. While at a significant level of 1% at N = 60 indicates the number: 0.330, while the RXY value obtained is 0.421. Then RXY obtained is greater than the price of "r" in the table significant level 1%. Population in this study is the congregation religious learnig community Sunday morning to Civil Society amounted to 750 worshipers. While the sample are 60 people joining to the learning. While the data analysis with Random Sampling is statistic.  Keywords: Influence, Non-formal Education, Understanding, Community
TAUHID EDUCATION IN PESANTREN (Study of Tauhid Thought and Education in Pesantren al-Mukmin Ngruki, Central Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Zakariya Din Muhammad
Published: September 2019

This research aims to reveal the thoughts possessed  by the kyais and ustadz in Pesantren al-Mukmin on the tauẖîd education, and their implementation. The method used in this reseach was qualitative. The results of this research are as follows. Firstly, tauẖîd is given  a special attention since the main aim of education in the pesantren al-Mukmin Ngruki is to produce  a muslim generation with pure tauẖîd coloring all their lives. KH. Wahyudin and ustadz Abdurrahim Ba’asyir Lc understand tauẖîd in line with Ibnu Taimiyah and Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab. Secondly, Tauẖîd education in Pesantren al-Mukmin Ngruki using three methods of education; the doctrine of tauẖîd values, understanding, and practice. Meanwhile the learning of tauẖîd in the Pesantren al-Mukmin Ngruki more adopted the concept of tauẖîd proposed by Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab and Ibn Taimiyah since the books studied in the ẖalaqah program are written by Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab, while those studied in the learning of tauẖîd in the class are written by Dr. Shalih Fauzan who is one of the figures in the Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab tauẖîd dakwah movement in Saudi Arabia.  Kata kunci: Tauẖîd, Education, Pesantren
ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL PATTERN AND STREET CHILDREN CARE
Authors: Uddin Hasan
Published: September 2019

This reseach aimed to determine the background of the emergence of street children stayed Puri Indah shelter house of Sidoarjo. In addition, this reseach also aimed to determine the pattern of communication that is formed, the steps of assistance and the factors driving and inhibiting the implementation of  street child educational pattern. Qualitative descriptive research was done by collecting data using interviews, observation, literature study and documents. The informant was chosen by using purposive sampling. Analytical techniques used interactive analysis model which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. From the research results could be seen that the cause of the emergence of street children because of economic factors, family disorganization, street family dynasties and customs tangent with street children. Responding to this Puri Indah shelter house of Sidoarjo made education pattern to street children. The communication pattern formed in this program is the formal communication seen at the time of routine learning and field study, non-formal communication seen in activity outside school and is more relaxed. Non verbal communication seen from the response of limbs of students. In connection with the interaction, there emerged a linear communication model, transactional and intransactional. The Puri Indah shelter house of Sidoarjo has innovative teaching methods both conducted by teachers and involving the active role of students. In order for our program to be more qualified, Puri Indah shelter house of Sidoarjo provided various facilities for students such as supporting books, bicycle, stationery library and paying attention to their nutrition. Nevertheless there was no doubt there were some weaknesses such as the arrogant nature of the students, the credibility of teachers who had not maximized, the limited facilities of infrastructure. However it could be overcome with the spirit of all elements and support of all parties. Keywords: Education, Parenting, Street Children
THE CONCEPT OF AL-QUR'AN ON TEACHER COMPETENCY (Thematic Analysis of Surah Al-Qalam Verses 1-4)
Authors: Yan Rusi
Published: September 2019

This study aims to know about the competence of teachers, and what the concept of the Qur'an about the competence of teachers in Surat Al-Qalam Verses 1 - 4. This research is a library review (library research) which is qualitative descriptive, using documentation techniques in data collection. While the method of data analysis used is the tafsir maudlu'iy method. The results show that: Firstly, the qualities that an educator must have are (a) zuhud not putting matter and teaching because of seeking God's mercy; (b) to cleanse his body, away from sin and guilt, to escape from great sin, ridicity, envy, hostility, strife and other disgraceful nature; (c) Ikhlas in the work; (d) forgiving; (e) loving his disciples just as he loved his own son; (f) knowing the student's nature; (g) mastering subjects; (h) have competence in the ways of teaching. Second, the competence that must be owned by the teacher according to the Qur'an letter Al-Qalam verses 1-4 is to have the personality as exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad SAW, master and utilize information technology and communications for self-development and science and have the ability paper for the development of science and communication media with others.Keywords: Competence of teachers, Concepts of the Qur'an, Tafseer of al-Alaq
SCHOOL BASED MANAGEMENT (SBM) TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN KHM NUR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SURABAYA
Authors: Suhroh Ulfa
Published: September 2019

Currently, education management in Indonesia recognizes two mechanisms, namely centralization and decentralization system, in the centralized system of education administration regulated by the central government. This study aims to find out how the implementation of School Based Management (SBM) in KHM NUR Junior High School Surabaya, knowing what programs are implemented in KHM NUR Junior high School Surabaya and aims to determine what factors that support and hinder the implementation of School Based Management (SBM) in an effort to improve the quality of education at KHM NUR Junior High School Surabaya. The type of research used in this study is Field Research, which is studying intensively about the background of the present state, in the interaction of a social, individual, group, institution, and society. Technique of data analysis used qualitative descriptive. The findings of this study can be concluded; first: Implementation of School Based Management (SBM) at KHM. NUR Junior High School Surabaya has been well scheduled. Second: The programs that have been implemented as the implementation of School Based Management (SBM) in KHM. NUR Junior High School Surabaya in academic and non-academic field. Third: Supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of School Based Management (SBM) in KHM. NUR Junior High School Surabaya among others comes from the intern and extern of the school. Keywords: School Based Management (SBM), Quality of Education
Connecting Group Activity Dalam Menurunkan Kecemasan Sosial Pada Gen-Z
Authors: Lubis Hairani , Rosyida Afif Husniyatur , Wulandari Fitri , Sandya Syazira Nira
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan kecemasan sosial pada mahasiswa setelah diberikan connecting group activity. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang memiliki tingkat kecemasan so-sial yang sedang atau tinggi di Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi Univer-sitas Mulawarman Angkatan 2017 sejumlah 30 mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik yaitu Paired sample T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada penurunan kecemasan sosial pada subjek setelah diberikan connecting group activity dengan nilai t = 3.323 dan p = 0,005 (p < 0,05). Hal tersebut menunjukan pelatihan yang diberikan dapat menurunkan kecemasan sosial setelah subjek diberikan connecting group activity. Sedangkan pada kelompok control didapatkan hasil nilai t = -.324 dan p = 0.751 (p > 0,05) yang bermakna tidak ada penurunan kecemasan sosial pada mahasiswa Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi angkatan 2017 Universitas Mulawarman setelah diberikan
Pendampingan One Student One Client (OSOC) pada Ibu dan Balita dalam meningkatkan Pengetahuan tentang Gizi Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pringsewu
Authors: Sulistianingsih Apri
Published: September 2019

Pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi balita memberikan kontribusi dalam perilaku ibu memberikan makanan pada balita. Sampai saat ini Indonesia masih mengalami masalah gizi ganda. Pemerintah Kabupaten Pringsewu membuat program kesehatan dengan melibatkan mahasiswa untuk penangan masalah kesehatan yang dikenal dengan One Student One Client (OSOC). Salah satu program OSOC adalah dengan memberikan edukasi konseling kepada ibu balita secara door to door ke rumah ibu. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk memfasilitasi mahasiswa dalam memberikan edukasi dan meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi balita. Metode yang diberikan menggunakan konseling dengan media buku KIA. Hasil pengabdian didapatkan pada akhir pengabdian seluruh ibu memiliki pengetahuan baik 100%. Peningkatan pengetahuan ini karena ibu balita didampingi secara intensif oleh mahasiswa bidan dalam memberikan konseling, ibu lebih fokus pada saat edukasi dan dapat menemukan solusi masalah gizi pada balita. Diharapkan program ini terus berlanjut dan dapat memfasilitasi mahasiswa dan masyarakat untuk mengentaskan masalah kesehatan.
Palm Oil Prediction Production Using Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Watrianthos Ronal
Published: September 2019

The total production of Indonesian palm oil (CPO) in 2018 reached 43.9 million tons, with a land area of 12.3 million hectares.However, every month there are still many companies that have problems in predicting palm oil production. Problems in predicting thisproduction can be solved by calculation methods in the field of artificial neural networks, namely the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM)method. This method can solve linear and non-linear data problems and provide better average computation compared to other methods inpredicting oil palm production. The data used is palm oil production data at PT Indo Palm Oil Labuhan Batu with a total of 297 in the period2017-2018. While the parameters used are planting age, land area, number of trees, and yields. The results of the best-hidden neuron testare 13 with 2 technical data features and the training data pattern is pattern 1. The average MAPE value is 20.1% with the fastestcomputing time is the use of the number of hidden neurons 2. So based on the test results, the method ELM has a predictive model withquite good performance because the MAPE value is in the range of 20% -50%.
Spiritual skepticism? Heterogeneous science skepticism in the Netherlands
Authors: Rutjens Bastiaan T , van der Lee Romy
Published: September 2019

Recent work points to the heterogeneous nature of science skepticism. However, most research on science skepticism has been conducted in the United States. The current work addresses the generalizability of the knowledge acquired so far by investigating individuals from a Western-European country (The Netherlands). Results indicate that various previously reported findings hold up: Mirroring North-American patterns, climate change skepticism is associated with political conservatism (but only modestly), and scientific literacy does not contribute to skepticism, except about genetic modification (GM; Study 1 only) and vaccine skepticism (Study 2 only). Results also reveal a crucial difference: Religiosity does not consistently contribute to science skepticism, except about evolution. Instead, spirituality is found to most consistently predict vaccine skepticism and low general faith in science—which in turn predicts willingness to support science. Concerns about societal impact play an additional role. These findings speak to the generalizability of previous findings, improving our understanding of science skepticism.
Real-world objects are not stored in holistic representations in visual working memory
Authors: Markov Yuri , Utochkin Igor , Brady Timothy F.
Published: September 2019

When storing multiple objects in visual working memory, observers sometimes misattribute perceived features to incorrect locations or objects. These misattributions are called binding errors (or swaps) and have been previously demonstrated mostly in simple objects whose features are easy to encode independently and arbitrarily chosen, like colors and orientations. Here, we tested whether similar swaps can occur with real-world objects, where the connection between features is meaningful rather than arbitrary. In Experiments 1 and 2, observers were simultaneously shown four items from two object categories. Within a category, the two exemplars could be presented in either the same or different states (e.g., open/closed; full/empty). After a delay, both exemplars from one of the categories were probed, and participants had to recognize which exemplar went with which state. We found good memory for state information and exemplar information on their own, but a significant memory decrement for exemplar-state combinations, suggesting that binding was difficult for observers and “swap” errors occurred even for meaningful real-world objects. In Experiment 3, we used the same tasks, but on half of the trials, the locations of the exemplars were swapped at test. We found that participants ascribed incorrect states to exemplars more frequently when the locations of exemplars were swapped. We concluded that the internal features of real-world objects are not perfectly bound in working memory, and location updates impair the object representation. Overall, we provide evidence that even real-world objects are not stored in an entirely unitized format in working memory.
Antibiotic use associated to decreased recognition of facial emotion expressions and increased aggressive cognitive reactivity: a preliminary study
Authors: de Groot Anne C. D. , Steenbergen Laura
Published: September 2019

The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been proposed a key regulator of the stress response, providing possibilities for the prevention and treatment of stress-related disorders. Manipulations of the gut microbiome seem to exert psychological effects affecting cognitive- and emotional reactivity. We hypothesized antibiotics to increase cognitive reactivity to sad mood and impair the recognition of emotions. Thirty-four Dutch participants participated in this study, of which 16 finished antibiotic treatment in the month prior to testing (i.e. the antibiotic group); the remaining 18 reported no antibiotic use in the past year (i.e. the control group). We assessed self-reported mood, cognitive reactivity to sad mood, and depression, as well as accuracy in recognizing facial emotional expressions. The antibiotic group demonstrated increased cognitive reactivity to sad mood, specifically aggressive thoughts, but did not differ from controls on measures of mood or depressive symptoms. In addition, the antibiotic group demonstrated lower accuracy in recognizing moderate intensity emotions and fear in general. This study provides preliminary evidence associating antibiotic use and cognitive reactivity to sad mood, specifically aggression, as well as recognizing emotions, supporting the idea that the microbiota-gutbrain axis modulates cognitive- and emotional reactivity. Further research is needed to confirm, andgain understanding of, these effects.
Implementation of Self-Directed Supports for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the United States
Authors: DeCarlo Matthew Peter , Bogenschutz Matthew D. , Hall-Lande Jennifer , Hewitt Amy
Published: September 2019

Self-direction is an approach to human service delivery within long term services and supports that aims to provide greater control for individuals with disabilities and their closest supporters. The purpose of this study was to understand the implementation of self-directed supports for individuals with IDD. Researchers interviewed state developmental disabilities administrators in 34 of 42 states that currently operate self-directed service options and used qualitative analysis to arrive at a thematic map of the strengths and challenges currently experienced by state administrators. Common strengths identified by state administrators were increased opportunities for participant self-determination and improved relationships with support staff. Common challenges included restructuring case management relationships as well as rulemaking and enforcement. Administrators’ suggestions for the future of self-direction focused on increasing program size and streamlining services using technology.
Between familial imprinting and institutional regulation: Family related employment interruptions of women in Germany before and after the German reunification
Authors: Drasch Katrin
Published: September 2019

In this paper, I examine how family related employment interruptions for women in the FRG (Federal Republic of Germany) and the GDR (German Democratic Republic) looked like in the period prior to German reunification. Furthermore, I investigate how career interruptions developed after the German reunification in the old and new states and whether a convergence of re-entry behaviour can be observed. Following research questions are addressed: Which factors are more important: attitudes towards the employment of mothers, which were transferred through socialisation in childhood and adolescence, or institutional arrangements shaped by parental leave regulations? Based on data from the IAB ALWA study (‘Working and Learning in a Changing World’), the results show that even twenty years after the German reunification, significant differences between women in East and West Germany are found to exist with respect to family related employment interruptions.
Evaluation of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS): Severity Score and Symptom Association
Authors: Pradhan Tarun , Thapa Baburam Dixit , Basnet Pritha , Rimal Surya Prasad , Basnet Tulasha , Regmi Mohan Chandra
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is a group of symptoms relating to stages of micturation such as storage symptoms, voiding dysfunction and post micturation dysfunction. Overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) is a questionnaires with scores which helps in evaluating the severity of symptoms.

Objectives To find the incidence of women visiting with LUTS and to evaluate storage symptoms in LUTS (urgency, urge incontinence, frequency) using OABSS (overactive bladder symptom score) questionnaires.

Methodology This is a prospective study done from February 2016 to February 2017. Patients visiting Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were enrolled in the study after informed consent. Patients were assessed for types of LUTS and data were filled in the performa. If patients had urgency, urge incontinence, increased day time frequency, then the patients were explained and asked overactive bladder symptom score questionnaire (OABSS) and noted. Patients were then examined for pelvic floor dysfunction and neurological abnormalities for identifying association with the symptoms. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 11.5.

Results Fifty-seven patients were enrolled with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) during study period. Forty-six patients had overactive bladder symptoms (OABS). LUTS were found in age ranging from 21 to 80 years. Majority of patients visiting out-patient department with LUTS were found to have urgency, urge incontinence, increased day time frequency, nocturia. Patients with urgency and urge incontinence showed significant correlation with increasing likert score of OABSS (p<0.05). But the increased day time frequency did not show any correlation with increasing score. The score showed significant correlation with combination of symptoms (urgency, urge incontinence and increased frequency) than patients presenting with single symptom.

Conclusion Diagnosis of LUTS with valid assessment tools and treatment benefits patients with chronic urinary symptoms and also helps clinicians to further re-assess the treatment.
Behavioral Problems among School Going Adolescents in Eastern Development Region of Nepal
Authors: Kafle Tara Kumari , Kafle Tika Kumari , Mashreky Saidur , Rimal Hem Sagar , Sapkota Durga , Pokhrel Archana
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The public health relevance of mental health conditions including behavioural problems in children and adolescents has been a growing concern over the past decades. There are negligible studies found in mental health domains of adolescents in developing countries; studies with regional or national coverage are lacking in Nepal. Therefore, present study has been designed to explore the magnitude and risk factors of behavioral disorders among adolescents.

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of behavioral disorders and its determinants among school going adolescence in Eastern Development Region of Nepal.

Methodology: The study adopts analytical cross-sectional design with sample size 1500 involving 11 to 17 year school going adolescents and carried out in Eastern Development Region of Nepal during August to December 2016. Multistage probability sampling technique was used to draw the sample and validated self-report SDQ was used to estimate the behavioral problems. Ethical approval was taken from ERB of Nepal Health Research Council. Written informed consent was taken from each participant before collecting the information. Collected information were entered using Epi Data software and processed to SPSS version 16 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariate analysis were carried out.

Results: The prevalence of total (overall) behavioral problem was found among 35.0 % adolescents. While classifying, 13.3% were suffering from emotional disorder, 11.20% from conduct problem, 7.2% from hyperactivity/inattention, 4.9% from peer relationship problem and 2.1% from prosocial activities. In multivariate analysis, female adolescents, adolescents of uneducated or less educated parents (less than 10+2), residing in mountain ecological belt and adolescents without parents (dead or separated) were found positively associated with behavioral disorders.

Conclusion: Total behavioral problem was found among 35.0% adolescents. adolecents of less educated parents, female sex, Mountain ecological belt and those without parents were more vulnerable to behavioral problem. Therefore, parental care seems to be very much essential to reduce the behavioural problems among children.
Spectrum of Exfoliative Cytology at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital
Authors: Shaukin Shilpi , Kafle Satosh U , Singh Mrinalini
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Exfoliative cytological study of body fluids is easy, simple, rapid, cost effective and patient compliant investigation that helps in characterizing the disease into their varying subtypes. These presumptive and sometimes definitive diagnoses are in most cases the cornerstone which helps in staging and prognosis of the patient

Objective: To determine the spectrum of malignant and non-malignant lesions in exfoliative cytology

Methodology: This was a quantitative retrospective cross sectional study conducted at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital from 24th December 2014 to 24th December 2018. All the exfoliative samples received at the lab were accepted in our study.

Results: Of the 300 samples received, the maximum number were those of sputum followed by pleural fluid and ascitic fluid. Peritoneal fluid, Cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, fluid from suspected abscess and breast fluid were also received. Malignancy was found in 1.67% of the samples studies.

Conclusion: A study of different cytomorphological features of exfoliative cytology samples will help in establishing the role of cytology as an important diagnostic tool in improving the effectiveness of diagnosis , treatment & prognosis of the patient in the medical field.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Care Givers with Children Under Five Years of Age about Vaccination in Sunsari District, Nepal
Authors: Guragain Parth , Rimal Hem Sagar , Kafle Tara Kumari
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Immunization has shown major preventive aspects of infectious diseases, disability and death. Care giver is a person who provides direct care for children, elder people and chronically ill.

Objectives: To assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of caregivers in Sunsari district about vaccination of under five children brought for vaccination at different private and government vaccination centers.

Methodology: It is a cross sectional study that was carried out among 100 care givers from different places of Sunsari district for 3 months. The care givers completed a semi structured questionnaire that contains 4 different parts about the demographics, knowledge, attitude and practice of care givers toward immunization.

Results: Most of the care givers have high level of awareness and importance of vaccination, which shows positive attitude and practice. The overall KAP was good among most of the caregivers (87.2%). The higher KAP level was positive associated with female gender, higher educational degree and having higher number of children.

Conclusion: Most of caregivers from three different places of Sunsari districts had good KAP (in sense that most of the caregivers have awareness for quality and basic health standard) towards immunization which was associated with female gender and higher educational degrees. However, educational programs like community awareness and mobilizing Female Community Health Volunteers for providing appropriate knowledge of vaccination which increases the caregivers' knowledge, which might have change cognitive behavior. This study reflects the overall knowledge of caregivers towards immunization process which is very essential in childhood for prospective healthy future of the child.
Technical challenge in MCA bifurcation aneurysm clipping
Authors: Nepal Pankaj Raj
Published: September 2019

Technical challenges in aneurysms can broadly be divided into general aneurysmal management challenges and aneurysm specific challenges. Specifically, we usually prefer to select the approach based on the presence or absence of temporal hematoma, and the length of the M1 segment. In the presence of temporal lobe hematoma it is wise to select the superior temporal gyrus approach, as hematoma evacuation is easy and we usually find the M3 segment to trace back to find the aneurysm. Other challenge lies while clipping the aneurysm. MCA bifurcation aneurysm seems to be the most notorious type, because of its varied morphology. We may find them a simple, multiple lobed, giant, fusiform, and occasionally its the M2 stuck to the neck of the aneurysm or arising from its dome. For multiple lobed MCA bifurcation aneurysm, the pearls of clipping is to think different lobes as a different aneurysms.
Laparoscopic Needle assisted Repair of Inguinal Hernia in Children in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara
Authors: Shrestha Binod Bade , Shrestha Sujan
Published: September 2019

Introduction: There are numerous minimally invasive surgical techniques for repair of congenital inguinal hernia (CIH) in children. We present a unique needle-assisted laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair using 20-gauge intravenous cannula. This study aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of this technique.

Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted in 50 patients; aged 1-13 years; from February 2018 to May 2019; either admitted with the diagnosis of CIH or detected incidentally when operated for some other surgical conditions. CIH was repaired using single supraumbilical port and 2-0 prolene suture passed through 20-gauge intravenous cannula. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.

Results: A total of 56 hernias were repaired in 50 patients out of which five cases were detected incidentally on patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. The bilateral CIH was present in six cases. The mean operative time was 18.20 ± 4.57 minutes; 17.36 ± 3.83 minutes for unilateral hernia and 24.33 ± 5.20 minutes for bilateral hernia. There was no difference in operative time when compared between gender (p=0.26). The complications were recurrence in 1(1.78%) case, hematoma around deep ring in 2 (3.57%) cases and puncture site bleeding in 2 (3.57%) cases. There were 35 (70%) male and 15 (30%) female. The contralateral occult hernias were noted in 5 (10%) cases.

Conclusions: Single port laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia using a 20-gauge intravenous cannula with non-absorbable suture is a safe, effective and feasible in resource poor settings. The postoperative complications are minimal which is similar to past studies.
Feeling Blue - Get Green
Authors: Passmore Holli-Anne
Published: September 2019

Human bodies and minds evolved together—simultaneously and interdependently. Therefore, if nature provides for our physical health and well-being, it follows that nature also provides for our mental health and well-being. Psychologists have begun to recognize the impact that exposure to nature has on many aspects of our mental health and well-being; and a substantial body of supporting research and empirical data has accumulated. Nature’s beneficial effects on individuals’ mental health have been shown to extend beyond a mere restoration to baseline after negative periods of stress, anxiety, or depression. Nature’s beneficial effects extend to positively increasing true mental health and well-being, to elevating individuals beyond a neutral “just getting by” level and into an additive state of thriving and flourishing. This paper discusses highlights from the ever-increasing body of research findings and empirical data evidencing the positive and additive effects that nature has on our mental health and well-being. Included in this discussion are findings from a recent series of studies conducted at Grant MacEwan University that this author was involved in. The research summarized in this paper demonstrates that our relationship with nature is vital to our mental health and well-being.
Christopher Benjamin's Eco-Innovators: Sustainability in Atlantic Canada: stories to change minds and move hearts
Authors: Ambury Tami
Published: September 2019

In his 2011 book, Eco-Innovators: Sustainability in Atlantic Canada, environmental journalist Chris Benjamin provides a new kind of roadmap to a more sustainable future.  In this work, Chris masterfully weaves the stories of 35 creative and dedicated individuals from the four Maritime Provinces who recognize the need to take action now. From more sustainable food, transportation, or housing choices, to new business models, to community-based social marketing and branding, to journalists and educators raising their voices for change, Chris outlines some of the many narratives for change. In so doing, he offers workable options that inspire pro-environment attitude and behaviour change, at the individual, organizational, and systemic levels.
Barriers for women to positions of power: How societal and corporate structures, perceptions of leadership and discrimination restrict women’s advancement to authority
Authors: Schwanke Dee-Ann
Published: September 2019

Women’s advancement in the corporate workplace has taken significant strides over the last century. Research demonstrates, however, that despite an increased presence of female employees in mid-management positions, executive positions continue to be male dominated. Women are underrepresented in areas of governance, directorship, and executive leadership. This seems to contradict the apparent momentum of the promotion of women. This paper will unveil some of the hidden barriers that stubbornly exist for women in business. It will review research that demonstrates why gender inequality is difficult to recognize, the systems that perpetuate it, the complexities of how society views it, and the ways women respond to it. By understanding the interplay between external and internal obstacles, women who wish to assume positions of leadership can more easily navigate the labyrinth of gender inequality, and their male colleagues can better recognize the ways that they can either remove barriers or encourage equality. There are corporate, social and economic benefits to allowing women to fairly advance to positions of power. Recognizing and removing barriers is vital to the strength of companies, social networks and jurisdictions.
Harvesting Urban Honey with Modern Technology
Authors: Donovan Troy
Published: September 2019

This article looks at the new beekeeping technology of the Flow frame and how it benefits Urban Beekeepers. In spite of negative preconceived notions about new technology, the article compares the time, space, and energy requirements of the new technology as compared to the old technology. What makes a successful honey harvest is also discussed, along with how more people nearby can make the harvest easier and harder to manage.
Collaboration
Authors: Mazo Lucille
Published: September 2019

Interdisciplinary collaboration is critical to voicing sustainable change. Earth Common Journal: e3 = earth education economics Vol. 3 No. 2 collaborated with faculties, programs, departments, and students to develop its Special Issue. Read about the top six student conference papers that were presented at the 1st PRME Canada Regional Meeting that was hosted by the MacEwan University School of Business.
Preface
Authors: Mazo Lucille
Published: September 2019

Change begins with awareness, which is supported by thoughtfulness, which is founded through the process of reflection. Our sense of voice enables us to articulate and communicate the deeper message of change and allows us to contemplate the real issues that affect our earth. No one process constitutes the act of voice, as it is a compilation of observations that when expressed, echo our sentiments, our understandings, and our deliberations about what to say when we need to share knowledge about sustainability, conservation, and climate change.
Deconstruction over Demolition: Manasc Isaac Architects a case study
Authors: Campbell, Dana Dusterhoft, Jon Schell David
Published: September 2019

This photographic documentary examines everyday activism through the lens of sustainable construction. There are many misconceptions about the construction industry and its impact on the environment. Focusing on the Edmonton-based architectural firm Manasc Isaac, this project aims to define sustainable development and explore the procedures practiced in this specific industry by using photography to bring awareness to forward-thinking architectural processes.
Champion of Nature, Sustainability, and Education
Authors: Mazo Lucille
Published: September 2019

Drs. Rob de Vrind has been an advocate for nature and sustainability throughout his life. His need to be in nature is only slightly greater than his need to educate those around him about the importance of living a sustainable life. As the Senior Advisor for Sustainability, de Vrind provides critical information about sustainable choices and works collaboratively with the administrators, faculty, and students at the Koning Willem I College in ‘s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. His knowledge about sustainability is informed by his research in his field of biology. It is this combined knowledge base that has made him an intuitive champion of nature and a genuine leader in promoting sustainability in life, education, and industry.