bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Approach to the Impact of a Commercial Formulation of Glyphosate (Roundup®) in Ecologically Relevant Concentrations on Pseudis minuta Tadpoles
Authors: Wingen Natália Medeiros de Albuquerque , Kasper Cubas Gustavo , Turcato Oliveira Guendalina
Published: August 2022

Freshwater natural environments are suffering with human impacts and economic activities. Agriculture is one of the most environmental impactful activities that uses several toxic agents to ecosystems, polluting and poisoning non-target species. The goal of this study was to evaluate the Brazilian most utilized herbicide impacts in larval fase of an exclusively aquatic anuran species. We collected Pseudis minuta eggs mass in a Butiazal reservation, inside a soy and rice farm. In lab, we exposed 25 hatched tadpoles to 65μg/L, 250μg/L and 500μg/L of glyphosate and we had a control group that was kept in clean water. After exposition (seven days), we analyzed growing and morphometric patterns, oxidative balance (Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and lipoperoxidation levels) and biotransformation (Glutathione S-transferase) parameters. We have not observed significatively differences about morphometric parameters, however, tadpoles grew above the expected in concentration 65 μg/L. There were not significatively differences between any oxidative balance marker, suggesting a tolerance or resistance level of this species. We do not discard this possibility because glyphosate is the most used pesticide in Rio Grande do Sul and in Brazil. It is possible that Pseudis minuta, in this developmental stage (larval), doesn’t configure a good sentinel model organism. This work is a preliminary approach given the low number of tadpoles obtained from egg mass and consequently low number of replicates of exposure concentrations. Thus, future experiments should be designed to confirm these findings. The use of this type of assay may stimulate the development of new studies to assess the toxic risk of xenobiotics.
HUBUNGAN USIA DAN PARITAS TERHADAP KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA KEHAMILAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PORIAHA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Tarigan Suci Nanda Resti
Published: August 2022

Hipertensi pada kehamilan adalah hipertensi yang terjadi pada bulan terakhir kehamilan atau lebih setelah 20 minggu usia kehamilan. Penyebab hipertensi dalam kehamilan dipengaruhi oleh riwayat keturunan, ras atau golongan etnik, obesitas dan tingkah laku, umur ibu dan jumlah anak yang dilahirkan oleh ibu. Penyakit hipertensi dalam kehamilan dengan mortalitas tertinggi adalah penyakit utama pada primigravida dan kehamilan >4 kali. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Hubungan Usia Dan Paritas Terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Kehamilan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi analitik dengan desain studi Cros Sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang responden di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Poriaha. Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada kehamilan dengan p value 0.000 dan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara paritas terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada kehamilan dengan P value 0,000. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat dibuktikan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap umur dan paritas dengan kejadian hipertensi pada kehamilan. Diharapkan Agar ibu hamil dapat selalu menjaga kehamilannya dengan cara memeriksakan kehamilan secara rutin ketempat pelayanan Kesehatan untuk mendeteksi dan mencegah terjadinya hipertensi pada kehamilan, sehingga jika terjadi preeclampsia saat kehamilan dapat ditangani secara cepat dan tepat oleh tenaga Kesehatan.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP IBU POST SECTIO CAESAREA DALAM MOBILISASI DINI DI RSU SARI MUTIARA LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2019
Authors: Octavia Yunida Turisna , Panjaitan Masriati , Lumbantoruan Jessika , Napitupulu Mei Melda
Published: August 2022

Mobilisasi dini adalah suatu upaya mempertahankan kemandirian sedini mungkin dengan cara membimbing penderita untuk mempertahankan fungsi fisiologis. Pada ibu post partum dengan sectio caesarea sering kali mengeluh nyeri daerah operasi sehingga ibu enggan melakukan mobilisasi dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu post sectio caesarea dengan pelaksanaan mobilisasi dini di RSU Sari Mutiara Lubuk Pakam. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah ibu dengan sectio caesarea di RSU Sari Mutiara yang berjumlah 42 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner untuk menilai pengetahuan dan sikap ibu nifas dalam mobilisasi dini. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square pada taraf a = 5%.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar ibu nifas memiliki pengetahuan yang berada pada kategori cukup, sebagian besar ibu nifas memiliki sikap yang negatif dalam mobilisasi dini dan ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu post sectio cesarea dalam mobilisasi dini di RSU Sari Mutiara Lubuk Pakam Tahun 2019
PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG KANKER PAYUDARA DENGAN TINDAKAN SADARI
Authors: Sembiring Ribka Nova Sartika
Published: August 2022

Kanker merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menjadi mimpi buruk setiap orang, tidak terKecamatanuali perempuan.Salah satunya adalah kanker payudara yang berkembang dari sel kanker yang berasal dari jaringan payudara.Jutaan wanita meninggal akibat terserang kanker payudara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Hubungan pengetahuan Ibu tentang kanker payudara dengan tindakan SADARI di  Kelurahan Setia Negara Kecamatan Siantar Sitalasari Kota Pematangsiantar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik yang menggunakan pendekatan Cross sectional.Sampel seluruh ibu masa intervaldi Di Kelurahan Setia Negara Kecamatan Siantar Sitalasari Kota Pematangsiantar berjumlah 60 orang.Data primer diperoleh dari kuesioner. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square dengan kemaknaan p<0.05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang kanker payudara mayoritas berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 23 orang (38.3%), pengetahuan ibu tentang SADARI mayoritas berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 36 orang (60%), tindakan SADARI yang dilakukan ibu mayoritas baik sebanyak 39 orang (65%). Berdasarkan uji statistik terdapat hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang kanker payudara dan SADARI dengan tindakan SADARI. Saran bagi ibu-ibu di Di Kelurahan Setia Negara Kecamatan Siantar Sitalasari Kota Pematangsiantardiharapkan lebih peduli memeriksakan payudara sendiri secara rutin agar terhindar dari kanker payudara dan bila ada tanda dan gejala lain yang mencurigakan segera berkonsultasi kepada dokter
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP IBU BEKERJA TERHADAP PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI PUSKESMAS BINJAI KOTA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Harahap Seri Wahyuni
Published: August 2022

ASI Eksklusif atau lebih dapat pemberian ASI ( Air Susu Ibu) secara ekslusif adalah bayi hanya diberi ASI saja, sejak usia 30 menit posnatal (setelah melahirkan) sampai usia 6 bulan, tanpa cairan lain seperti: susu formula, biskuit, bubur susu, bubur nasi dan nasi tim (Elisabeth dan Th. Endang, 2016, hal. 24). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Ibu Bekerja Terhadap  Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020. Penelitian ini bersifat kolerasi dengan metode cross sectional. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang di ukur menggunakan instrumen berupa koesioner analisa data skunder dengan teknik kolerasi chi-square dengan menggunakan program SPSS  ( Statistical Product and Service Solution). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu menyusui di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020 yang bersedia menjadi responden yaitu sebanyak 30 orang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada ibu tentang pemberian Asi Eksklusif maka diperoleh hasi chi-square nilai x2 hitung = 24,630 > x2 tabel =5,991 dengan df= 2 dan taraf sinifikan 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha diterima yaitu “ ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu bekerja terhadap pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020. Kesimpulan adalah ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu bekerja terhadap pemberian Asi Eksklusif Di Puskesmas Binjai Kota Tahun 2020.
INFLUENCE OF EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING APPROACHES AND INTERPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE ON STUDENT PPKN LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Ishaq Muhammad , Saragi Daulat , Mursid R.
Published: August 2022

This study aims to: (1) analyze the differences in student KDP learning outcomes taught with an experiential learning approach compared to students taught with a direct instruction approach; (2) analyze the differences in KDP learning outcomes of students who have high interpersonal intelligence compared to students who have low interpersonal intelligence; and (3) analyze the interaction between experiential learning approaches and interpersonal intelligence in influencing student KDP learning outcomes in elementary schools. The sample in this study was 50 students of Class V of the State Elementary School 056587 Garbage Beach, Bahorok District. Data collection in this study through interpersonal intelligence questionnaires and ppkn learning outcomes tests. Hypothesis testing was carried out with the Two Way Anova test. The results showed that: (1) The learning outcomes of KDP students taught with an experiential learning approach were higher than those of the direct instruction approach (Fcount = 6,157 and sig. 0.017 < 0.05); (2) The learning outcomes of KDP students who have high interpersonal intelligence are higher than students who have low interpersonal intelligence (Fcount = 5.098 and sig. value 0.029 < 0.05); and (3) There is an interaction between learning approaches and interpersonal intelligence in influencing student KDP learning outcomes (Fcount = 4.285 and sig. 0.016 < 0.44).
Measurement Report: Observed Increase in Southern Hemisphere Reflected Energy from Clouds During December 2020 and 2021
Authors: Herman Jay , Huang Liang , Hafner David , Szabo Adam
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Measured backscattered UV radiances at 388±1.5 nm are converted to Lambert Equivalent Reflectivity (LER) are from EPIC (Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera) onboard the DSCOVR spacecraft (Deep Space Climate Observatory) orbiting about the Sun-Earth Lagrange-1 (L1) gravitational balance point. The average percent of reflected solar energy in the 388±1.5 nm band is 29.2 % of the global incident solar energy in that band. Maximum reflected 388 nm solar energy RSE, mostly from clouds, occurs during the summer solstice in each hemisphere, December in the Southern Hemisphere SH and June in the Northern Hemisphere NH. The global average RSE (90° S to 90° N) has a maximum in December and a minimum in June showing that the SH cloud reflected energy is greater than that in the NH. Backscattering from land and oceans at 388 nm is small since the average clear-sky reflectivity of the Earth’s surface free of snow and ice is about 0.05. Calculations of RSE based on the 388 nm LER show a 7 % increase during December 2020 in RSE at 40° S to 50° S when the backscattering angle BA was 178.05°, and 6 % at 30° S to 40° S in November 2021 when BA = 177.5° compared to previous years, 2015–2019, with a smaller BA. Comparison of 380 nm RSE at 40° S to 50° S during December 2020 from the low Earth polar-orbiting nadir mapper in the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS-NM) near 13:30 local solar time suggests that there has been a 5 % increase in SH cloud reflection during December 2020 compared to previous years. This suggests that the observed increase by EPIC is mostly from an increase in cloud cover and not from enhanced backscatter. In the NH RSE values at large EPIC BA (177.5° in June 2020 and 178.2° in June 2021) between 30° N to 60° N show a percent decrease 4.8 % in RSE at 45° N during June 2021 and a 6 % increase during June 2020 at 55° N compared to the previous 4 years. This also suggests that the increase and decrease in RSE are probably related to changes in cloud cover and not backscatter angle effects. Annual integrals of percent reflected solar energy over complete years are almost constant at all latitudes.
Exploring relations between cloud morphology, cloud phase, and cloud radiative properties in Southern Ocean's stratocumulus clouds
Authors: Danker Jessica , Sourdeval Odran , McCoy Isabel L. , Wood Robert , Possner Anna
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Marine stratocumuli are the most dominant cloud type by area coverage in the Southern Ocean (SO). They can be divided into different self-organized cellular morphological regimes known as open and closed mesoscale-cellular convective (MCC) clouds. Open and closed cells are the two most frequent types of organizational regimes in the SO. Using the liDAR-raDAR (DARDAR) version 2 retrievals, we quantify 59 % of all MCC clouds in this region as mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) during a 4-year time period from 2007 to 2010. The net radiative effect of SO MCC clouds is governed by changes in cloud albedo. Both cloud morphology and phase have previously been shown to impact cloud albedo individually, but their interactions and their combined impact on cloud albedo remain unclear. Here, we investigate the relationships between cloud phase, organizational patterns, and their differences regarding their cloud radiative properties in the SO. The mixed-phase fraction, which is defined as the number of MPCs divided by the sum of MPC and supercooled liquid cloud (SLC) pixels, of all MCC clouds at a given cloud-top temperature (CTT) varies considerably between austral summer and winter. We further find that seasonal changes in cloud phase at a given CTT across all latitudes are largely independent of cloud morphology and are thus seemingly constrained by other external factors. Overall, our results show a stronger dependence of cloud phase on cloud-top height (CTH) than CTT for clouds below 2.5 km in altitude. Preconditioning through ice-phase processes in MPCs has been observed to accelerate individual closed-to-open cell transitions in extratropical stratocumuli. The hypothesis of preconditioning has been further substantiated in large-eddy simulations of open and closed MPCs. In this study, we do not find preconditioning to primarily impact climatological cloud morphology statistics in the SO. Meanwhile, in-cloud albedo analysis reveals stronger changes in open and closed cell albedo in SLCs than in MPCs. In particular, few optically thick (cloud optical thickness >10) open cell stratocumuli are characterized as ice-free SLCs. These differences in in-cloud albedo are found to alter the cloud radiative effect in the SO by 21 to 39 W m−2 depending on season and cloud phase.
Permafrost degradation and nitrogen cycling in Arctic rivers: Insights from stable nitrogen isotope studies
Authors: Francis Adam , Ganeshram Raja S. , Tuerena Robyn E. , Spencer Robert G. M. , Holmes Robert M. , Rogers Jennifer A. , Mahaffey Claire
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Across the Arctic, vast areas of permafrost are being degraded by climate change, which has the potential to release substantial quantities of nutrients, including nitrogen into large Arctic rivers. These rivers heavily influence the biogeochemistry of the Arctic Ocean, so it is important to understand the potential changes to rivers from permafrost degradation. This study utilised dissolved nitrogen species (nitrate and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON)) along with nitrogen isotope values (δ15N-NO3- and δ15N-DON) of samples collected from permafrost sites in the Kolyma River and the six largest Arctic rivers. Large inputs of DON and nitrate with a unique isotopically heavy δ15N signature were documented in the Kolyma, suggesting the occurrence of denitrification and highly invigorated nitrogen cycling in the Yedoma permafrost thaw zones along the Kolyma. We show evidence for permafrost derived DON being recycled to nitrate as it passes through the river, transferring the high 15N signature to nitrate. However, the potential to observe these thaw signals at the mouths of rivers depends on the spatial scale of thaw sites, permafrost degradation and recycling mechanisms. In contrast with the Kolyma, with near 100 % continuous permafrost extent, the Ob’ River, draining large areas of discontinuous and sporadic permafrost, shows large seasonal changes in both nitrate and DON isotopic signatures. During winter months, water percolating through peat soils records isotopically heavy denitrification signals in contrast with the lighter summer values when surface flow dominates. This early year denitrification signal was present to a degree in the Kolyma but the ability to relate seasonal nitrogen signals across Arctic Rivers to permafrost degradation could not be shown with this study. Other large rivers in the Arctic show different seasonal nitrogen trends. Based on nitrogen isotope values, the vast majority of nitrogen fluxes in the Arctic rivers is from fresh DON sourced from surface runoff through organic-rich top-soil and not from permafrost degradation. However, with future permafrost thaw, other Arctic rivers may begin to show nitrogen trends similar to the Ob’. Our study demonstrates that nitrogen inputs from permafrost thaw can be identified through nitrogen isotopes, but only on small spatial scales. Overall, nitrogen isotopes show potential for revealing integrated catchment wide nitrogen cycling processes.
An Open-Source Automatic Survey of Green Roofs in London using Segmentation of Aerial Imagery
Authors: Simpson Charles H. , Brousse Oscar , Mohajeri Nahid , Davies Michael , Heaviside Clare
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Green roofs are roofs incorporating a deliberate layer of growing substrate and vegetation. They can reduce both indoor and outdoor temperatures, so are often presented as a strategy to reduce urban overheating, which is expected to increase due to climate change and urban growth. In addition, they could help decrease the cooling energy demand of buildings thereby contributing to energy and emissions reductions, and provide benefits to biodiversity and human well-being. To guide the design of more sustainable and climate resilient buildings and neighbourhoods, there is a need to assess the existing status of green roof coverage and explore the potential for future implementation. Therefore, accurate information on the prevalence and characteristics of existing green roofs is required to estimate any effect of green roofs on temperatures (or other phenomena), but this information is currently lacking. Using a machine-learning algorithm based on U-Net to segment aerial imagery, we surveyed the area and coverage of green roofs in London, producing a geospatial dataset. We estimate that there was 0.19 km2 of green roof in the Central Activities Zone (CAZ) of London, (0.81 km2) in Inner London, and (1.25 km2) in Greater London in the year 2019. This corresponds to 1.6 % of the total building footprint area in the CAZ, and 1.0 % in Inner London. There is a relatively higher concentration of green roofs in the City of London (the historic financial district), covering 3.1 % of the total building footprint area. The survey covers 1463 km2 of Greater London, making this the largest open automatic survey of green roofs in any city. We improve on previous studies by including more negative examples in the training data, by experimenting with different data augmentation methods, and by requiring coincidence between vector building footprints and green roof patches. This dataset will enable future work examining the distribution and potential of green roofs in London and on urban climate modelling.
Emotional Quotient and Teaching Performance of Selected Faculty in a Higher Education Institution in the Philippines
Authors: Jacoba Feliciana P. , Gabriel Arneil G. , Cuya-Antonio Olive Chester M. , Obispo Corinthian M. , Gabriel Jocelyn P.
Published: August 2022

Teachers are significant in shaping the minds of the youth and contributing to the quality of education. Thus, examining the relationship between Emotional Quotient (EQ), profile, and faculty performance is important. The 175 faculty of a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in the Philippines were randomly selected. Employing Jerabek's (1996) Emotional Intelligence Test, EQ was found, on average, to indicate the faculty’s ability to recognize and deal with their own and others’ emotions effectively. Analysis of variance, regression, and Pearson Correlation revealed a significant positive correlation between teaching performance and their EQ, confirming that emotional intelligence influences teaching performance. Further, the combined impact of education and academic rank influences EQ, which may be the basis for further study. It is recommended that EQ be considered by HEIs when hiring faculty. Intelligence and emotional quotient are equally important in generating high performance. Therefore, the study may contribute to the significance of faculty's EQ on productivity.
Ma’am Mom: An Autoethnography of Being a Teacher and a Mother during the COVID–19 Pandemic
Authors: Serra-Labrador Ma. Albina A.
Published: August 2022

When the COVID-19 pandemic happened, people and sectors of society needed to adjust specific norms and standards to fit into the demands of the time. This paper is an autoethnography of my experiences as a mother-teacher during the peak of the pandemic. It is in the context of my experiences and other mother-teachers working from home, conflicts in the roles played by mother-teachers at home, the expectation of society, and social norms. It is about how I perceived my reproductive and productive roles. Moreover, I interviewed mother-teachers, and their stories served as counter and conforming narratives to my narratives. The following are emerging themes: the unprecedented time; a mother is born; off the rhythm; and silver lining. These themes discussed the various phases mother-teachers grappled upon and triumphed. Writing this autoethnography was a therapeutic experience for the high emotions I had to deal with during the pandemic.
LA EQUIDAD EN EL PRIMER CICLO DE EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL EN ANDALUCÍA
Authors: Pérez de Tudela Delgado Ana Encarnación
Published: August 2022

El Informe de Eurydice 2020, “Equidad en la educación escolar de Europa” (en adelante Eurydice 2020), se ocupa fundamentalmente del estudio comparado de la equidad en el ámbito educativo dentro de la Unión Europea [UE]. Se trata de un estudio extenso y pormenorizado que incluye información que proviene tanto de los países que conforman la UE como de encuestas internacionales (PISA, PIRLS, TIMSS, así como de Eurostat), por lo que este informe se convierte en una de las publicaciones recientes de referencia sobre equidad en los sistemas educativos. Este artículo se centra en la Educación y Atención a la Primera Infancia [EAPI] en la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, como factor sistémico que infuye en la equidad en educación, a través del análisis de la normativa de aplicación y de la literatura científica, con el objeto de refexionar sobre aspectos relacionados con su organización y funcionamiento y proponer ideas para la mejora. Todo ello sin olvidar que la EAPI en niños que provienen de sectores de población en situación de desventaja social, económica, cultural, étnica o geográfca, son los más benefciados de esta atención y que, la equidad es, en el momento actual, un aspecto prioritario dentro de la Educación.
Balancing the Scales
Authors: Kirkhope-Arkley Joshua
Published: August 2022

The Middle East as a geopolitical region is not generally renowned for the neutrality and mediation present in its politics. Kuwait defies this trend, acting as a mediator in some conflicts and remaining neutral in others. When it seems as though Kuwait is taking a tough, sided stance (for example, its steadfast refusal to recognise the State of Israel), further analysis proves that the supposedly unneutral position is in fact a way of remaining neutral in another conflict. Through a “micro-to-macro” approach analysing Kuwaiti foreign policy first within the GCC, then within the Middle East, then on a global level, this essay has been able to examine and explain the Emirate’s foreign policy, to shed light on a country often unfairly overlooked due to its size and perceived lack of importance. Its foreign policy of neutrality, multilateralism, and mediation, however, is exactly what makes Kuwait so significant on the world stage.
Studi Literatur Review dalam Mempelajari Teknik Tai Chi untuk Menjaga Kesehatan Mental Lansia
Authors: Mulyaningrat Wahyudi , Ekowati Wahyu , Swasti Keksi Girinda
Published: August 2022

Lansia merupakan populasi yang rentan terhadap masalah biologis, fisik, sosial ekonomi, maupun mental seperti demensia, depresi, kecemasan dan stres. Senam tai chi merupakan satu aktivitas olahraga untuk mempertahankan  kondisi kebugaran jasmani dan kesehatan mental lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam Tai chi dalam menjaga kesehatan mental lansia. Peneliti menggunakan metode literatur review, yakni analisis literatur terhadap artikel yang berhasil dikumpulkan. Tahapan pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan prinsip PICO, melaui studi literature review terhadap sumber artikel yang diakses yaitu DOAJ, PubMed, dan Googlescholar dengan batasan tahun antara 2015-2020. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah: tai chi, mental, lansia. Ada 5 artikel yang dianggap memenuhi kriteria dan layak untuk dianalisis. Tai chi  terbukti dapat mempertahankan kesehatan lansia. Tai chi bisa diberikan kepada lansia umur lebih 60 tahun yang tidak memiliki penyakit kronis, kelainan muskuloskeletal dan gangguan jiwa dengan durasi 30-40 menit, dilakukan secara kontinyu secara nyata dapat menjaga kesehatan mental lansia. Senam Tai chi merupakan terapi komplementer non farmakologi dalam menjaga kesehatan mental lansia.
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Certainty Factor, Dempster Shafer dan Teorema Bayes dalam Deteksi Dini Gangguan Kesehatan Mental
Authors: Veldasari Novanka , Fadli Ari , Wardhana Arief Wisnu , Aliim Muhammad Syaiful
Published: August 2022

Kesehatan adalah hal yang sangat penting, karena tanpa kesehatan yang cukup, maka setiap individu akan sulit dalam melaksanakan aktivitasnya kesehariannya, baik berupa kesehatan fisik maupun mental. Dewasa ini, kesehatan mental masih menjadi hal yang sering diabaikan oleh sebagian masyarakat. Padahal gangguan kesehatan mental ini dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius, baik pada fisik, emosi, maupun perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan diagnosis awal terhadap gangguan kesehatan mental, sehingga dapat diminimalisir dampak yang dapat ditimbulkannya. Diagnosis awal yang dihasilkan merupakan hasil analisis berdasarkan gejala yang ditimbulkan dengan menggunakan tiga buah metode yaitu Certainty Factor, Dempster-Shafer, dan Teorema Bayes. Ketiga metode ini melakukan analisis masing-masing dengan cara mengukur tingkat keyakinan pakar dengan nilai probabilitas berdasarkan gejala yang ada. untuk dapat mengukur nilai kemungkinan seseorang menderita gangguan Kesehatan Mental, sehingga dapat mengetahui metode mana yang paling tepat digunakan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa metode Certainty Factor memiliki nilai probabilitas sebesar 99,4%, metode Dempster-Shafer dengan nilai probabilitas sebesar 94% dan Teorema Bayes dengan nilai probabilitas sebesar 81.65%. Sehingga metode Certainty Factor merupakan metode yang paling tepat digunakan untuk melakukan diagnosasi penyakit ini. Pada pengujian Usability yang dilakukan website Sistem Pakar hasil implementasi ketiga metode ini diperoleh hasil sebesar 80.68%, sehingga juga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengguna cukup puas dengan sistem pakar tersebut.
Public Perception and Attitude towards Transit Advertisement as Outdoor Media Platform: Investigating Age and Gender-based Associations
Authors: Ali Shahzad , Safwan Ahmer , Abul Hassan Ali
Published: August 2022

The study was primarily designed to explore public perception and attitude towards transit advertisements in Pakistan. The population of this study comprised of passengers who travel outside of Multan city. The data was collected through a survey (questionnaire) which was designed after the observation of advertisements by the researchers. A total 400 of passengers, who were waiting for the departure in the passenger’s lounge of intercity bus terminals, filled the questionnaire including both males and females, ages ranging from 18 years to onwards. Perception of passengers was explored in association with the age group regarding various aspects of transit advertisements in terms of liking, reliability, beautification, economic value, society norms, joy, and entertainment source. The results demonstrated that people having different ages perceived transit advertisements differently in all dimensions. The second objective of the study was to explore appealing attitudinal factors and their association with gender regarding attention, understanding, buying, novelty, and recalling of advertisements, results revealed that both males and females had different attitudes towards all aspects. The study also found significant associations between ‘product buying and authenticity’ and ‘perceived novelty and recall of transit advertising.
Influence of Food Products Sudden Inflation on Livelihoods of Daily Income Wagers of Pakistan
Authors: Suleman Raheel , Javed Muhammad Sameem , Amjad Muhammad Adnan
Published: August 2022

In this review article, all the factors associated with the inflation of food products in Pakistan have been discussed. Moreover, previous trends of inflation in food products followed in Pakistan during the recent years have been compared with current trends of inflation. This article contains the impacts and effects of inflation of food products on two societal extremes rich and poor in Pakistan. Inflation is inversely proportional to daily income wages. It affects the poor people of Pakistan in negative ways as they cannot afford good quality food products and hence remain malnourished and deprived of basic food necessities. The measures that can reduce the inflation of food prices include strong strategic planning, proper policy making, reforms in food security policies, increasing agricultural outputs, appropriate audit of food supplies, control of food products prices and analysis of demand to supply ratio of food commodities.
Analyzing the Multidimensional Inequality in Access to Health Care Services in Pakistan
Authors: Samra Subhani  , Nadeem Abdul Majeed , Sofia Anwar
Published: August 2022

Health inequality is a global issue since the lack of one or more aspects of the essential health services still exists in 90% of the countries due to changing global economic conditions, political decisions and societal norms. The objective of the current study is to assess the effect of a set of socioeconomic, demographic, severity & non-severity and hospital fixed effects variables on multidimensionality health inequality in Pakistan. We measure multidimensional health inequality by combining eight dimensions of health inequalities and constructing the Multidimensional Health Inequality Index using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Then multiple regression techniques are applied to empirically assess the impacts of selected variables on the response variable. The results show that social reference (-0.713), no. of doctors available (-0.109), type and severity of disease (-0.85 &-0.163), no. of diagnostic tests completed during the treatment process (-0.093), residential area (-0.097) and gender of the patient (0.170) significantly contribute towards the reduction of inequality among patients. The findings have strong policy recommendations for striving efforts to reduce health inequality to achieve “Good health and Well-being” the 3rd goal under the United Nations agenda on Sustainable Development.
Infiltration of Western Culture in Pakistani Society: A Study of Urdu Dubbed Turkish Dramas on Pakistani TV Channels
Authors: Abbas Sadia , Shaheen Lubna , Hakim Aisha
Published: August 2022

Turkish dramas are quite popular in Pakistan, with females preferring them to other television programs. Studies suggest that Turkish dramas are influencing the cultural values of our society and introducing western lifestyles. This study is an effort to understand the influence of Urdu-dubbed Turkish dramas among Pakistani educated youth and to analyze the role of Urdu-dubbed Turkish dramas in the penetration of western culture in Pakistani society, particularly among the youth. The amount of penetration was evaluated using a quantitative survey. Applying a simple random technique, a sample of 300 male and female students from four public and private sector universities was selected, the results show that Turkish dramas are promoting western culture and attempting to penetrate hybrid culture in Pakistan, but their effects on the youth of Pakistan aren't alarming, and this could be due to the low cultivation effect of television among respondents, as only 1/3 of the respondents watch television for more than an hour. Although our houses are being infiltrated by their attire, makeup, and style of life, lack of education can be the reason because the influence among Pakistani students is not huge.
Theory of Modernization and Political Emancipation of Women in Pakistan: An Analysis
Authors: Nawaz Adnan , Rubab Musharaf , Mustafa Ghulam
Published: August 2022

The theory of modernization by Inglehart describes that economic development is directly proportional to cultural modernization which affects women's participation in politics. The main focus of this article is to evaluate the relevance of modernization to explain the global differences that exist in women's political participation and, on this basis; to evaluate the situation in Pakistan regarding the political participation of women. Modernization, through changing values in society, has a very positive impact and it brings gender equality to politics. The modernization theory of Inglehart throws light that modernization in society carries positive changes and it also changes the lives of the citizens which is ultimately reflected through gender equality in politics. But along with modernization, certain other issues undermine women's participation in politics and these issues still exist in developing countries like Pakistan.
Energy Crisis in Pakistan: Socio-Economic Implications and the Way Forward
Authors: Arshad Farooq , Muhammad Shamshad
Published: August 2022

Pakistan has been trapped by a blend of problems such as political chaos, economic turmoil, social unrest, religious extremism, rampant corruption, unemployment, pervasive poverty, child labor, moral degeneration, etc. The energy crisis has added fuel to the fire; it has created many more socio-economic issues for the whole nation. This research study has highlighted the impact of the energy crisis in Pakistan particularly on its society and economy. It has enunciated that the energy crisis has deteriorated the social setup in Pakistan as it has disturbed the domestic routines, institutional schedules, health facilities, transportation system and educational procedures. Similarly, the crisis has pushed Pakistan into an economic decline. Most of the local and foreign investors have migrated to other states due to the non-availability of electricity, gas and petroleum products. Resultantly, Pakistan is experiencing the lowest ebb of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Unannounced load-shedding has not only discouraged the industrialists but also has decreased the ratio of production- a severe setback to the rate of exports. Non-availability of energy has decreased the ratio of agricultural productivity that has a significant share in the gross domestic product (GDP) of Pakistan. The cottage industry has also fallen victim to the energy crisis. In this way, there is a restrained flight of foreign capital to the country. In the end, the study has recommended some policies which can be formulated and practiced by the ends of both the government and the public to discard the energy crisis.
Effect of Commercial & Natural Feeds on the Growth Performance of Ostrich (Struthio camelus) in Captivity
Authors: Azam Sheikh Muhammad , Ali Ahmad , Kashif Mohammad , Khalid Muhammad , Rehman Saif Ur , Faizan Muhammad , Tauseef Muhammad Imran
Published: August 2022

In Pakistan, ostrich farming is becoming more popular as a means of obtaining inexpensive meat that is also devoid of cholesterol and other diseases when compared to chicken. In the wild, ostriches dwell in flocks of five to fifty and perform well in captivity. Ostrich chicks' early development rate is critical in preparing the bird for later growth up till the slaughter mass. The original egg mass from which the bird emerges determines the hatching weight. Ostrich chicks lose up to 20% of their weight in the first five to seven days after hatching.The typical carcass weight of an ostrich might be 57-58 percent of the live body weight.On a monthly basis, weight and height were determined, and given feed was calculated on a daily basis. The variation in growth rates between the two farms is due to the fact that the Balouch ostrich farm has far better conditions for birds and provides more food, whilst the Hamayoon ostrich farm has a lower growth rate due to restricted food availability. Furthermore, the death rate is linked to a lack of food.
Ve-degree and Ev-degree Based Topological Properties of Magnesium Oxide MgO (111) Structures
Authors: Naeem Muhammad , Iqbal Zafar , Maqbool Saba , Qureshi Tahir Mushtaq
Published: August 2022

The topological index is a numerical representation of a molecular structure and predicts the physical property of a chemical compound. In the present work, we have developed explicit expressions of recently defined novel Ve- degrees and Ev-degrees based topological indices of Magnesium Oxide MgO (111). For this by consider a unit cell of MgO (111) which is extended to its general structure. After that, we have computed Ve-degrees and Ev-degrees of this general structure of MgO (111) then by employing well-known topological indices on these computed Ve- degrees and Ev-degrees of the general structure, obtained numerical results. A variety of graphical invariants have been described and tested, offering lots of applications in the fields of nano-chemistry, computational networks, and indifferent scientific research areas. These computed results will help study the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the structure such as boiling, melting, and flickering point; moisture and forming heat; temperature, strain, density, etc.
In Ovo Antiviral Screening of Cholistani Plants Against Swine Influenza Virus and Confirmation Through Real Time PCR
Authors: Shahzad Mirza Imran , Ahmed Mahboob , Asghar Nadeem , Ashraf Hina , Anwar Summayya , Ramzan Mussarat , Aslam Jaweria , Arshad Muhammad , Zahoor Sana , Perwaiz Muhammad Tariq
Published: August 2022

Cholistani plants are a rich source of many biological/pharmacological agents. Recent studies have supported the idea that cholistani plants are rich in antimicrobial agents especially against viruses. Medicinal plants like Haloxylon recurvum, Salsola baryosma, and Achyranthes aspera hold the potential to control viruses like Avian Influenza and Swine Influenza. Prevention by vaccination is the best treatment so far, but some side effects are associated with vaccines alone or in combination with other influenza virus strains. Eleven different Cholistani plants (H. recurvum, H. salicornicum, A. aspera, Suaeda fruticosa, Sporobolus icolados, Solanum surattense, Ochthochloa compressa, Neurada procumbens, Panicum antidotal, Oxystelma esculentum, and Salsola baryosma) were selected and tested against SI strian H1N1. The samples were washed and dried under shade at RT. All the plants were ground and used in making extracts using different solvents. The SIV H1N1 isolate was confirmed through real-time (rt) PCR and then subjected to 9-11 days old chick embryonated eggs. Eggs were candled and viability of embroy was confirmed. After 48hrs, allantoic fluids were collected, and viral loads were also confirmed through HA test and RT-PCR. Most of the extracts were found effective in controlling growth of the virus. Among these, n-hexane and ethanol (EtOH) extracts were found most effective, and all extracts were active against SIV H1N1. In the case of ethyl acetate and methanol (MtOH) 9 out of 11, similarly, in n-butanol (BtOH),7 out of 11 extracts were active against SIV H1N1. All the results were first confirmed HA test and later through rt-PCR. The virus was not detected in the outcomes of rt-PCR, confirming the antiviral potentials of extracts of Cholistani plants. This study strongly supported the idea that Cholistani plants are a rich source of antiviral agents and can be used in pure and crude form.
Evolution of Hispanic Crime Fiction in Fernanda Melchor's Hurricane Season and Paradais
Authors: Mehran Ahmad  , Shaheen Aamer , Khan Muhammad Asif
Published: August 2022

Exploiting Glen S. Close’s study (2008), this paper attempts to explicate the position Fernanda Melchor occupies on the Hispanic literary scene: how her novels Hurricane Season and Paradais fit in the packed ranks of Hispanic crime fiction, the novela negra; how they are beholden to their antecedents and the differences they have with said antecedents. Amply endowed with the grim workings of the novela negra, both novels are quite comparable with their contemporaries. In the long line of novela negra authors, Melchor is a rare female, delving into crime and showing it to the world through the eyes of a woman, highlighting the addictions, the violence, the corruption, the debauchery endemic in Mexican society and the misogyny underlying most of them. Locked in an incessant battle of survival, her characters are mirthless, helpless, and ruthless, breeding vicious and virulent violence against each other and themselves.
Chomsky's Contribution to Linguistics A Review
Authors: Touqir Sonia , Nasir Touqir , Pervez Sajid
Published: August 2022

Cognition, language faculty, Universal Grammar, Principles and Parameters, Transformational Generative Grammar, Phrase Structure Rules, TransformationsThis review seeks to highlight Chomsky’s major contributions to the field of linguistics. He changed linguists’ conception about the nature of language, from an externalized to internalized approach. This shift also resulted in the language being thought of as a cognitive phenomenon rather than as a set of structures to be analyzed for their correctness or incorrectness.  He argued that language is internalized, and not learned. His arguments to prove his stance introduced the concept of language faculty, its workings, Universal Grammar, Principles and Parameters, and Transformational and Generative Grammar. The TGG also significantly overhauled the existent phrase structure rules. These rules were brought to follow binarity principles that dictated that a node cannot have less than or more than two branches. Besides, the concept of Universal Grammar along with its principles and parameters, Chomsky simplified how the language acquisition process can be understood: instead of learning hundreds of rules, the human mind has to install a handful of principles and parameters.
Closing the Gaps in Cloze Letters to Editor: A Verbal Protocol Study
Authors: Shafiq Awais , Shafiq Abdullah , Baloch Muhammad Shafiq
Published: August 2022

Originally, cloze procedure was introduced by Taylor (1953) in order to assess reading comprehension in the first language. The usefulness of close procedure has often been asserted as it is considered easy to administer and evaluate (Sadeghi, 2021) L1 and L2 reading comprehension. The present study was conducted to find out the impact of cloze instruction on the success in guessing abilities of L2 learners. The impact of function words and content words on the correct guesses of the deleted words was also explored. The theoretical framework given by Bengleil and Paribakht (2004) was adopted with some modifications. The study employed the texts of letters published in newspaper Pakistan Observer. Both control and experimental groups were asked to think aloud their thoughts processes during their hunt for the missing words. The instructional model CALLA___ presented by Chamot and O’ Malley (1994) _ was used. While the experimental group received cloze instruction, the control group was taught in the traditional way.The findings have revealed that after receiving instruction treatment the experimental group outperformed the control group in finding out the appropriate words for the blanks. Furthermore, the subjects of study made more successful attempts for the deleted function words than the deleted content words in the cloze texts.
Systematic Variations in Structural and Photoluminescence Properties Produced in Zn Oxide Nanostructures by Cu (0-5)% Substitution
Authors: Shah S. Naseem , Ali S. Rizwan , Qaseem S. , Bibi Yasmeen , Majeed U. , Raza Syed Masood
Published: August 2022

Effects of Cu addition (0-5)% in ZnO are studied for structural and optical properties. The structural, photoluminescence properties and vibrational modes are strongly influenced with the Cu incorporation. Detailed investigations of the structural features of Cu doped ZnO nanostructures are reported. Our results show the systematic decrease in crystallite size (50.40 - 37.56 nm), lattice strain (1.82 - 1.49 micro), lattice stress (216.33 - 177.64 MPa) and energy density (196.78 - 132.69 KJ/m3) in the limit of small dopant concentration (0 < Cu ? 0.02). Decreasing trends are attributed to the smaller ionic size of Cu in comparison of Zn. Beyond Cu= 0.02 an increasing trend was noticed in crystallite size (41.67 - 70.67 nm), lattice strain (1.90 – 3.11 micro), lattice stress (226.32 – 369.35 MPa) and energy density (215.40 – 573.67KJ/m3. This increase in structural parameters is attributed to segregation of secondary phases for Cu content increase beyond 0.02. Two prominent regions in PL spectra were observed and the deconvoulution of these regions show a strong correlation with the structural changes observed within the limit of high and low dopant concentration. The FTIR spectra show shift of Zn-O vibrational mode toward higher frequency with increasing Cu concentration.
Tailoring the Magnetic and Optical properties of MgO Nanoparticles by Cobalt doping
Authors: Raza Syed Masood , Qaseem S. , Shah S. Naseem , Ali S. Rehan , Bibi Yasmeen , Tahir Adeel , Wahab Aneela
Published: August 2022

In this work, Cobalt (0-10) % doped MgO nanoparticles are prepared for magnetic and optical studies. X-ray diffraction studies show the particle size increases from 3.10 nm to 9.50 nm with increasing Cobalt concentration in MgO samples. The secondary phases are observed beyond 5% Cobalt in the host MgO which indicates the solubility limit of dopant in this material. SEM analysis further reconfirms the purity and spherical morphology of nanoparticles in all samples. Its result also reveals that the smallest particles have the largest oxygen vacancy concentration as compared to other samples. The dopant and size-induced effects are observed for electronic absorption spectra and bandgap of the samples.  UV-visible absorption spectra show a quantum confinement effect as the optical band gap decreases with the increase of the particle size. The optical band gap of the nanoparticles ranges from 4.68 eV to 3.15 eV which is very less in comparison with the bulk MgO band gap up to 7.2eV.  Vibrating sample magnetometer studies at room temperature clearly show the ferromagnetic behavior for pure MgO nanoparticles in contrast with the paramagnetic behavior for other samples.  It is suggested that the presence of the ferromagnetic behavior in pure MgO nanoparticles are due to the presence of oxygen vacancies.