bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humour in the Special Features of the Costumes in the Comedies by Plautus
Authors: Pieczonka Joanna
Published: December 2023

The article aims to discuss these elements of costumes which are mentioned in the comedies of Plautus but have been omitted yet in the studies on Plautine stage conventions. The first part of the text concerns the costumes which are worn by actors representing characters that have some special physical features. It appears that drunk characters always wear garlands, which point to their state. Big-bellied costumes are worn by male actors who play pregnant women (Alcmene in Amphitruo) but by those who present pimps during the performance, as well. Moreover, many Plautine slaves are rendered as stout, which, combined with big feet, adds much humour to running-slave scenes. The source of laughter lies not only in the padding used to recreate a big belly but also to show the illusion of large breasts, which are exaggerated in size. Such costumes were worn by male actors who presented meretrices, tibicinae and nutrices on stage. The costumes of foreigners consisted of a tunic with long sleeves, earrings, a headdress called causea, tiara and some kind of sandals. Many of these elements were grotesque, which, on the one hand, helped to increase the visibility of the costumes in the theatre, and on the other, contributed to the comicality of the performance. The article presents passages from the Plautine plays which contain such metatheatrical remarks about costumes used in the 3rd and 2nd century BC.
Modalidades de recepción plautina en los productos dramáticos audiovisuales: recepción directa, mediada y subterránea
Authors: Rodríguez Antonio María Martín
Published: December 2023

This article offers a typology of modalities of reception based on the criteria of activity, (in) mediatedness and awareness, which aims to explain the presence of scenes and motifs with Plautinian parallels in the audiovisual dramatic products of the popular culture of our time: sitcoms, soap operas, quality drama… In some cases, a conscious reception, either direct or mediated, can be recognised. In many others, however, we are faced with possible cases of unconscious mediated reception, in which Plautinian materials, detached from their context and deprived of their authorial pedigree, seem to have become independent ingredients in the melting pot of the Western comic tradition, giving rise, so to speak, to an unconscious and subterranean Plautinian reception.
Disposal of demolished waste as partial fine aggregate replacement in roller-compacted concrete
Authors: Shamran Alaa S. , Abbas Zena K.
Published: December 2023

Making environmentally friendly, long-lasting roller compacted concrete (RCC) was the primary focus of the laboratory experiments using disposed waste material (demolished buildings) and lowering the amount of fine aggregate adopting the ACI 327. The best way to dispose waste materials of demolished buildings such as ceramic tiles, clay bricks, and thermostone hollow blocks without using a sanitary landfill was to collect them, crush them with a crushing machine, and grade them by sieving to a fine aggregate. Reference mixture (RM) and six other environmentally friendly, long-lasting RCC mixtures were produced with partial fine aggregate volume replacements of 10 and 20% waste material. Following the production of the mixtures, the strength (compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural), porosity, absorption of water, and dry density were all tested. The results in accordance with the study’s conclusions are the RCC containing (20%) by ceramic tiles as fine aggregate increases RCC’s durability up to (5.76%) (2.96%) (2.83%) of strength (compressive, splitting tensile and flexural) at 28 days of testing, in opposition to the typical blend, then the blend that includes (10%) of ceramic tiles as fine aggregate with % growth up to (3.39%) (1.64%) (1.42%). While the clay bricks with 10% can be adopted, the results were slightly lower than the RM but still in the specification range (minimum recommendation of ACI 327 = 28 MPa). For the mixtures with 10 and 20% thermostone blocks fine aggregate, the results showed reduction in strength compared to the RM.
Modern Love
Authors: Tetzlaff Karl
Published: December 2023

Die „romantische Liebe“ bildet unter modernen Bedingungen eine zentrale Quelle sozialer Anerkennung. Ihr nicht selten durch die Verwendung religiöser Semantik signalisierter Bedeutungszuwachs sorgt aber zugleich für eine Steigerung der Verletzlichkeit des einzelnen. Der damit beschriebenen spannungsvollen Eigenart, die der Anerkennungssphäre der Liebe unter modernen Bedingungen zukommt, wird in diesem Text nachgegangen. Dabei stehen zwei Autorinnen der Gegenwart, die sich mit den Ambivalenzen heutiger Liebesbeziehungen besonders eindrücklich auseinandergesetzt haben, im Fokus: die Kultursoziologin Eva Illouz und die Schriftstellerin Sally Rooney. Nach einem einführenden Blick auf die den beiden Autorinnen gemeinsame Thematik, geht es um spezifische Unsicherheitserfahrungen, die sich mit dem Aufstieg der Liebe zu einer zentralen Anerkennungssphäre verbinden. Dann wird die für romantische Beziehungen ebenfalls charakteristische Spannung zwischen Anerkennung und Autonomie ins Auge gefasst. Es folgen schließlich theologische Überlegungen, die an Illouz‘ eigene Ausführungen zur religiösen Dimension der Liebe anknüpfen.
Control measure of sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius Fab.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in endemic land of entisol type using mulch and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana
Authors: Prayogo Yusmani , Bayu Marida Santi Yudha Ika , Indiati Sri Wahyuni , Sumartini  , Susanto Gatut Wahyu Anggoro , Harnowo Didik , Baliadi Yuliantoro , Nyoman Widiarta I , Harsono Arief , Budiono Rohmad , Mejaya Made Jana , Supriadi Khojin
Published: December 2023

Sweet potato weevil Cylas formicarius (Fab.) is the main obstacle for sweet potato production in various countries. Root damage caused by C. formicarius larvae reduced root yield up to 100%. The aim of this study is to test the measures using mulch and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana for controlling C. formicarius in endemic land of entisol type. The control measure tested was the use of straw mulch and plastic mulch as well as the application of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. The research was conducted at the experimental station at Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang from July to December 2018. The results showed that the measure for controlling C. formicarius using straw or plastic mulch combined with the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana produces root yields between 17 and 26 t/ha. Using plastic mulch as a cover for mounds with the application of the fungus B. bassiana is more effective and efficient in controlling C. formicarius than the insecticide deltamethrin. Plastic mulch can physically inhibit the process of laying eggs and the formation of C. formicarius larvae, while B. bassiana is toxic to eggs, larvae, and adults of C. formicarius. The efficacy of control measure using plastic mulch and the application of B. bassiana can reduce yield losses by up to 96.76%. Technological innovation using plastic mulch to cover the mound with the application of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana can be recommended to control C. formicarius on land endemic to the entisol type.
The effect of tourniquet use on postoperative opioid consumption after ankle fracture surgery – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lehto Pasi M. , Kortekangas Tero , Vakkala Merja , Ohtonen Pasi , Nyman Emma-Sofia , Karvonen Kaisu , Liisanantti Janne , Kaakinen Timo I.
Published: December 2023

Objectives

A pneumatic tourniquet is often used during ankle fracture surgery to reduce bleeding and enhance the visibility of the surgical field. Tourniquet use causes both mechanical and ischemic pain. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tourniquet time on postoperative opioid consumption after ankle fracture surgery.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the files of 586 adult patients with surgically treated ankle fractures during the years 2014–2016. We evaluated post hoc the effect of tourniquet time on postoperative opioid consumption during the first 24 h after surgery. The patients were divided into quartiles by the tourniquet time (4–43 min; 44–58 min; 59–82 min; and ≥83 min). Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the results.

Results

Tourniquets were used in 486 patients. The use of a tourniquet was associated with an increase in the total postoperative opioid consumption by 5.1 mg (95 % CI 1.6–8.5; p=0.004) during the first 24 postoperative hours. The tourniquet time over 83 min was associated with an increase in the mean postoperative oxycodone consumption by 5.4 mg (95 % CI 1.2 to 9.7; p=0.012) compared to patients with tourniquet time of 4–43 min

Conclusions

The use of a tourniquet and prolonged tourniquet time were associated with higher postoperative opioid consumption during the 24 h postoperative follow-up after surgical ankle fracture fixation.

The need for ethical approval and informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Northern Ostrobothnia Health District because of the retrospective nature of the study.
The absorbing boundary conditions of Newtonian fluid flowing across a semi-infinite plate with different velocities and pressures
Authors: Liu Lin , Li Jiajia , Yang Jingyu , Wang Jihong , Wang Yu , Chen Siyu , Feng Libo , Xie Chiyu , Zhu Jing
Published: December 2023

The Newtonian fluid flowing across a semi-infinite plate with variable velocity and pressure is considered in this work. The dimensionless governing equation is obtained by introducing the dimensionless quantities. For infinite region, the artificial boundary approach by using the Laplace transform is applied to gain the absorbing boundary condition (ABC) in a finite region which we call the inner region. The approach differs from the traditional approximation method for infinite boundaries with large values and is first applied to the research. And the stability of the ABC is verified by considering the same point of the outer region and inner region. The numerical difference scheme by using the L1-scheme to approximate the fractional derivative is used to get solutions, and the feasibility assessments, such as stability and convergence, are developed. Three numerical examples are given. In the first example, the exact solution is gained by importing a source term. Through the comparison of numerical solution with exact solution verifies the accuracy of difference method. A comparison between the velocity distribution of the ABC and the infinite boundary approximated by a large value is also discussed and graphically analyzed. In the following two examples, by analyzing the fluid flow over the plate with assorted speeds or pressure gradient, the impact of correlative parameters on the velocity distribution and the flow mechanism are thoroughly analyzed.
Chemical and Energetic Properties of Seven Species of the Fabaceae Family
Authors: Salazar-Herrera Federico , Pintor-Ibarra Luis Fernando , Musule Ricardo , Nava-Berumen Cynthia Adriana , Alvarado-Flores José Juan , González-Ortega Nicolás , Rutiaga-Quiñones José Guadalupe
Published: December 2023

In this work, the chemical compositions and energetic properties of the wood and bark of seven Fabaceae species were determined to evaluate their dendroenergetic potential. Chemical composition, elemental, proximate and heating value analyses were conducted. In addition, an ash microanalysis was performed. The obtained results varied as follows: cellulose (from 20.21% in Parkinsonia aculeate bark to 58.83% in Albizia plurijuga sapwood), hemicelluloses (from 8.81% in Eysenhardia polystacya heartwood to 23.71% in Pakinsonia aculeate wood), lignin (from 12.88% in wood to 26.53% in bark of Parkinsonia aculeate), extractives (from 11.68% in sapwood to 36.17% in bark of Eysenhardia polystacya), carbon (from 42.4% in Albizia plurijuga bark to 49.5% in Eysenhardtia polystacya heartwood), hydrogen (from 6.4% in Eysenhardtia polystacya bark to 7.3% in Albizia plurijuga sapwood), oxygen (from 42.3% in Prosopis laevigata bark to 50.5% in Acacia pennatula bark), nitrogen (from 0.11% in Albizia plurijuga heartwood to 1.64% in Prosopis laevigata bark), sulfur (from 0.04% in Prosopis laevigata heartwood to 0.14% in Acacia farnesiana wood, Erythina caralloides bark, and Prosopis laevigata bark), ash (from 0.76% in Eysenhardtia polystacya heartwood to 11.49% in Acacia plurijuga bark), volatile material (from 70.08% in Eysenhardtia polystacya bark to 91.75% in Albizia plurijuga sapwood), fixed carbon (from 6.97% in Albizia plurijuga sapwood to 23.44% in Prosopis laevigata bark), and calorific value (from 17.36 MJ·kg-1 in Acacia pennatula bark to 21.23 MJ·kg-1 in Prosopis laevigata bark). The most abundant chemical elements in wood ash and bark ash are listed here: Ca˃K˃P˃Mg˃Na. According to the obtained results, the wood and bark of the seven Fabaceae species could be used to produce solid biofuels for local use. Additionally, highlighting the high concentrations of extractives was important, especially in the bark samples, which could be a potential source of phytochemicals.
Evaluation of breast cancer awareness among female university students in Duhok public universities, Iraq
Authors: S. Kachel Edi , S. Kachel Hamid , S. Ahmed Madlen , N. Elias Hawazin , Walpola Wmdta , S. Weerakoon Bimali
Published: December 2023

Background and objective: Early diagnosis and proper awareness of Breast Cancer conditions may aid in reducing the morbidity and mortality rate among women. The main goal of this study was to determine the awareness and knowledge levels of women undergraduate students at three public universities in Duhok province (Duhok, Zakho, and Polytechnic) on Breast Cancer, as well as evaluate their attitudes toward breast self-examination. Methods: This study was conducted from October to December 2021, and it consisted of a cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 904 female students aged 18-30 years. The mean participant age was 22.5 years with SD of 2.0. The percentiles were determined to classify the general level of knowledge, with values below the 25th percentile denoting poor knowledge, between the 25th and 75th percentile denoting a fair level, and above the 75th percentile denoting a good level of knowledge. Results: In the present study, the majority of participants (96.46%) had a fair knowledge level and awareness regarding breast cancer and breast evaluation practice. About 1.78% of female students had poor or good knowledge of breast cancer and practiced breast self-examination. The findings show that participants within the age group of 21-25 showed the highest overall knowledge (7.66±2). While 64% and 31% of the respondents could not able to identify early signs of breast cancer and are not even aware that a breast self-examination is an important tool in the early detection of breast cancer, respectively. Conclusion: The respondents' knowledge about breast cancer is fair, but their comprehension of risk factors is poor. In order to increase the awareness of risk factors, counseling programs for women in schools and universities are very important. These programs should focus on breast self-examination and women's reproductive health.
Detection of hypervirulent and classical type of Klebsiella pneumoniae and screening their resistant properties in Erbil city
Authors: A. Zuber Sima , R. Ganjo Aryan
Published: December 2023

Background and objective: Klebsiella pneumoniaei s an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium and is considered one of the main causes of nosocomial infection. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) has emerged as a pathogen of global importance. The current study aimed to determine Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, carbapenem resistance, and serum bactericidal effect among the clinical isolates and to find the relationship of the above features with antimicrobial resistance. Methods: A total of 90 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different clinical specimens. Isolates were diagnosed using routine bacteriological methods and VITEK 2 compact system. Several phenotypic tests including string test, serum resistant, ESBL test, and Modified Carbapenem inactivation method were performed. The antibiotic resistance pattern was compared among ESBL-positive, carbapenem-resistant in both Hypervirulent (hvKp) and classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) isolates. Results: The results revealed that among 90 isolates, 56.7% of the isolates were of classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) type within which 70.6% of them were ESBL positive, 37.3% of them were resistant to carbapenem, and 51% were resistant to serum bactericidal activity. On the other hand, 43.3% were of hvKp type within which 61.5% of them were ESBL positive, 30.8% were carbapenem-resistant and all of the hvKp were resistant to human serum. The rate of antibiotic-resistant among cKp was higher than hvKp isolates. Conclusion: In this study, classical strains were more resistant to antibiotics and the rates of ESBL and Carbapenem resistance were higher compared to hvKp strains. but they were killed by serum bactericidal activities more rapidly.
Functionally Distinct Circuits Are Linked by Heterocellular Electrical Synapses in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus
Authors: Vaughn Mitchell J. , Laswick Zachary , Wang Huaixing , Haas Julie S.
Published: December 2023

The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) inhibits sensory thalamocortical relay neurons and is a key regulator of sensory attention as well as sleep and wake states. Recent developments have identified two distinct genetic subtypes of TRN neurons, calbindin-expressing (CB) and somatostatin-expressing (SOM) neurons. These subtypes differ in localization within the TRN, electrophysiological properties, and importantly, targeting of thalamocortical relay channels. CB neurons send inhibition to and receive excitation from first-order thalamic relay nuclei, while SOM neurons send inhibition to and receive excitation from higher-order thalamic areas. These differences create distinct channels of information flow. It is unknown whether TRN neurons form electrical synapses between SOM and CB neurons and consequently bridge first-order and higher-order thalamic channels. Here, we use GFP reporter mice to label and record from CB-expressing and SOM-expressing TRN neurons. We confirm that GFP expression properly differentiates TRN subtypes based on electrophysiological differences, and we identified electrical synapses between pairs of neurons with and without common GFP expression for both CB and SOM types. That is, electrical synapses link both within and across subtypes of neurons in the TRN, forming either homocellular or heterocellular synapses. Therefore, we conclude that electrical synapses within the TRN provide a substrate for functionally linking thalamocortical first-order and higher-order channels within the TRN.
Microbiome Depletion Increases Fentanyl Self-Administration and Alters the Striatal Proteome Through Short-Chain Fatty Acids
Authors: Hofford Rebecca S. , Meckel Katherine R. , Wiser Elizabeth J. , Wang Weiwei , Sens Jonathon P. , Kim Michelle , Godino Arthur , Lam TuKiet T. , Kiraly Drew D.
Published: December 2023

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a public health crisis currently being exacerbated by increased rates of use and overdose of synthetic opioids, primarily fentanyl. Therefore, the identification of novel biomarkers and treatment strategies to reduce problematic fentanyl use and relapse to fentanyl taking is critical. In recent years, there has been a growing body of work demonstrating that the gut microbiome can serve as a potent modulator of the behavioral and transcriptional responses to both stimulants and opioids. Here, we advance this work to define how manipulations of the microbiome drive fentanyl intake and fentanyl-seeking in a translationally relevant drug self-administration model. Depletion of the microbiome of male rats with broad spectrum antibiotics leads to increased drug administration on increased fixed ratio, progressive ratio, and drug seeking after abstinence. Utilizing 16S  sequencing of microbiome contents from these animals, specific populations of bacteria from the gut microbiome correlate closely with levels of drug taking. Additionally, global proteomic analysis of the nucleus accumbens following microbiome manipulation and fentanyl administration to define how microbiome status alters the functional proteomic landscape in this key limbic substructure. These data demonstrate that an altered microbiome leads to marked changes in the synaptic proteome in response to repeated fentanyl treatment. Finally, behavioral effects of microbiome depletion are reversible by upplementation of the microbiome derived short-chain fatty acid metabolites. Taken together, these findings establish clear relevance for gut-brain signaling in models of OUD and lay foundations for further translational work in this space.
Online Interventions for Mental Health in Times of COVID: A Systematic Review and Quality Assessment of Scientific Production
Authors: Rodríguez-Prada Cristina , Burgaleta Miguel , Morís Fernández Luis , Vadillo Miguel A. , Soto-Faraco Salvador
Published: December 2023

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological well-being led to a proliferation of online psychological interventions, along with the publications of studies assessing their efficacy. The aim of the present work was to assess the scientific quality of studies addressing online psychological interventions for common mental health problems, comparing studies published during the COVID-19 pandemic to equivalent control articles published four years before the pandemic. To this end, we developed and applied a quality checklist to both samples of articles (N=108). Overall, we found that the methodological quality of many studies on psychological interventions was poor both before and during the pandemic. For instance, 33% of the studies lacked a control group of any kind in both samples of articles, and less than 5% of studies used blinding of any sort. Within this context, we found that studies conducted during the pandemic were published faster, but showed a decrease in key indicators such as the randomized allocation of participants of the experimental groups, pre-registration or data sharing. We conclude that the low overall quality of the available research on online psychological interventions deserves further scrutiny and should be taken into consideration to make informed decisions on therapy choice, policy making, and public health –particularly in times of increased demand and public interest such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
El modelo de responsabilidad penal de personas jurídicas en Costa Rica
Authors: Chirino Alfredo
Published: December 2023

Translator           Translator           Translator           Translator         La responsabilidad de personas jurídicas fue introducida en Costa Rica mediante la ley No. 9699 del año 2019, transformando la idea de la responsabilidad subjetiva que hasta ese momento había pervivido en la legislación y en la ciencia penal costarricense, desde la gran reforma de los años setenta del siglo XX.  La directa derogación del principio societas delinquere non potest traerá, sin duda, una serie de debates muy importantes desde la perspectiva de la política criminal y de la jurisprudencia constitucional.  Este artículo tiene como objetivo, por ello, pasar revista a los problemas dogmáticos más importantes que esta nueva normativa ofrece, analizar sus consecuencias desde la perspectiva de la judicialización de recientes casos de corrupción que serán los primeros en donde tendría directa aplicación este tipo de responsabilidad, y una prognosis del impacto que es posible esperar del diseño del modelo de cumplimiento normativo que avizoró el legislador costarricense.
Medios probatorios de culpa patronal por enfermedades laborales en Colombia. Una mirada desde Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo
Authors: Parra Osorio Liliana , Leal Viatela Angélica , López Óscar Andrés , Mosquera Navarro Rodolfo , Torres López Teresa Margarita , Delgado-García Diemen
Published: December 2023

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Análisis del lawfare y la judicialización de la política. Retos de la democracia constitucional en América Latina
Authors: Benítez Núñez Christian , Manrique Molina Filiberto Eduardo R. , Hernández Ramírez Mildre Yurani
Published: December 2023

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El final del ciclo gráfico de las sociedades cazadoras?recolectoras: arte mueble finipaleolítico de la Cueva de Arenaza (San Pedro de Galdames, Bizkaia)
Authors: Ibero Álvaro , Ochoa Blancha , García-Díez Marcos , López-Calle Paula
Published: December 2023

La caracterización del final del ciclo gráfico paleolítico en el norte peninsular presenta importantes deficiencias debido a la ausencia de evidencias debidamente contextualizadas. Así, el análisis de piezas mobiliares procedentes de contextos estratigráficos sólidos constituye una valiosa herramienta para llenar este vacío. En este sentido, este trabajo plantea un estudio sobre un canto grabado procedente de un nivel finipaleolítico de la cueva de Arenaza. A través de este estudio se ha identificado un motivo zoomorfo y se han determinado sus principales convenciones gráficas, favoreciendo su comparación con aquellas presentes en otras evidencias parietales y mobiliares del periodo. Este ejercicio ha permitido identificar la coexistencia y combinación de dos dinámicas de representación (una naturalista y otra esquemática) en la producción gráfica figurativa del final del Paleolítico en el norte peninsular. En última instancia, se argumenta que el análisis de las formas y tiempos en los que se produjo esta coexistencia puede ayudar a comprender los procesos de cambio cultural que transformaron profundamente las sociedades humanas de la región en el tránsito del Pleistoceno al Holoceno.
¿Época de cambios? La cerámica del Cobre Tardío (2600?2400 a. C.) de Los Castillejos (Montefrío, Granada)
Authors: López-López Alberto , Gámiz Caro Jesús , Cámara Serrano Juan Antonio
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo estudia de manera exhaustiva y sistemática el complejo cerámico de las fases 20 y 21 del poblado prehistórico de Los Castillejos en Las Peñas de los Gitanos (Montefrío, Granada), recuperado de las excavaciones realizadas entre 1991 y 1994. Dichas fases se adscriben cronológicamente al Cobre Tardío (2600-2400 a. C.), caracterizado por la intensificación de ciertas dinámicas económicas y sociales así como por la irrupción del llamado fenómeno campaniforme en la península ibérica. A través del empleo de una metodología que pasa por el estudio tecnológico de las pastas mediante estereomicroscopio y análisis mineralógico (DRX), la elaboración de una tipología y el estudio de la decoración de las muestras, se han podido detectar continuidades y discontinuidades en las tradiciones alfareras. Los cambios detectados a nivel tecnológico coinciden con otros atestiguados en el ámbito del consumo y del paleoambiente, dando cuenta de una posible y marcada época de transformaciones sociales y económicas a finales del III milenio a. C.
Los tejidos de El Argar: hacia una caracterización técnica y contextual de las evidencias textiles de la Edad del Bronce en el Sudeste de la península ibérica
Authors: Basso Rial Ricardo E.
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo se recopilan todos los restos de tejidos documentados en contextos argáricos y se analizan las características técnicas de los estudiados hasta la fecha con el fin de aproximarnos a las técnicas utilizadas, tanto de hilado como de tejeduría, y a la función que tendrían en los contextos en los que fueron depositados. Su estudio en conjunto permite inferir, por un lado, un elevado grado de normalización en la elaboración de hilos y tejidos. Esto es observable en el uso casi exclusivo de fibras vegetales como el lino y de las mismas técnicas de hilado y tejeduría en prácticamente todos los tejidos, en la regularidad del diámetro de los hilos y en la recurrencia de densidades de entramado similares. Por otro lado, la asociación a artefactos con los que, sobre todo, forman parte de los ajuares en tumbas, permiten valorar la importancia de su utilización en las prácticas funerarias, así como inferir su funcionalidad como posibles sudarios, envoltorios o, incluso, vestimentas.
La policromía en la coroplastia romana. A propósito del análisis arqueológico y arqueométrico de una pieza procedente de la Casa del Mitreo (Mérida, Badajoz, España)
Authors: Bustamante Álvarez Macarena , Dorado Alejos Alberto , Bejarano Osorio Ana Mª , Heredia López Ana Isabel
Published: December 2023

Se presenta el análisis íntegro de una terracota con representación antropomorfa localizada en un contexto doméstico en la antigua capital provincial de la Lusitania, Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Badajoz). El interés de la misma reside en los restos policromados que presenta, una práctica que, aunque debió estar muy extendida, ha llegado de manera muy parcial hasta la actualidad. Metodológicamente, se aborda en clave interdisciplinar combinando el análisis contextual, arqueométrico e iconográfico. Con todo ello, hemos podido extraer conclusiones relativas no sólo al ámbito funcional sino también a la cadena operativa a partir de la cual se manufacturó este singular objeto.
Un análisis de los factores de la politización de los militares. Mauritania como estudio de caso
Authors: Ojeda-García Raquel , López-Ruiz Samara
Published: December 2023

La vida política de Mauritania ha estado estrechamente vinculada a los militares desde el primer golpe militar en 1978. Sin embargo, existe una escasez de literatura académica que explique las causas de la politización de estos actores. Este artículo analiza las causas de la politización militar en Mauritania, utilizando el método de estudio de caso y un marco analítico basado en las variables de Bishara (2018) y Perlmutter (1969). La principal contribución de este estudio radica en la identificación de los procesos que han permitido a los militares mantener su papel protagónico en la República Islámica de Mauritania.
What does Babylon have to do with Jerusalem, or A note on the problem of boundaries between the sacred and the secular in the Latin West (late 6th — early 7th centuries)
Authors: Vorontsov Sergey
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the problem of boundaries and nature of the secular in the end of late Antiquity in the Latin West (focusing on the works of Isidore of Seville). The article focuses on the relation between the concept of the secular and the key oppositions of the late antique culture as it reveals itself within the process of defining identity of sacral groups (clergy and monks), instead of looking into the history of the conception of saeculum or searching for religiously neutral phenomena of social reality. This allows the article to overcome the simple perspective of sacralization or draining of the secular in this period. The article argues that, on the one hand, a firm boundary was erected between the secular and the divine, and, on the other hand, in some cases this boundary turned out to be rather permeable. The firm boundary was formed in the process of categorizing and constructing a positive identity of a small group of the saved, which is defined by its mode of behavior, related to its metaphorical political unity (conuersatio). The groups claiming a proximity to God relate the practices, which correspond to it, with their identity. Thus, secular people, secular cares, and secular knowledge come to be characterized by lacking contemplation and proximity to God. The boundary turns out to be permeable, firstly, with respect to knowledge, because the secular knowledge was necessary to read the Scriptures. The secular thereby was not antagonistic to the divine, but could lead up to it. The divine, in its turn, could “correct” the errors of secular knowledge, just as the action of the bishop, which was opposed to the action of secular power, corrected the morals of the secular people in the Neo-platonic spirit.
Teaching religious studies and theology at Russian universities: problems and tasks from the point of view of teachers of religious studies and theology (based on expert interviews)
Authors: Lenkov Pavel
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the teaching of religious studies and theology in the universities of St.Petersburg in the aspect of considering problems and prospects from the point of view of the teachers themselves. The study was conducted in February-March 2022 using a qualitative method, an expert semi-structured interview. The interviewed were determined during the target sample. The selection criteria were as follows: (1) All respondents should be professionally busy as teachers of religious studies and (or) theology at universities in St. Petersburg, (2) temporary criterion-teaching experience at the university for at least 13 years, (3) candidate or doctoral scientific degree. The experts identified the following key problems, related to theology teaching: the problem of personnel training, the lack of a line of textbooks, the insufficient development of the very concept of theology as a subject in higher education, the lack of qualified specialists in Islamic theology, the danger of dogmatization and ideologization in the field of teaching theology. Experts expressed different points of view regarding the very fact of the emergence of theology in secular universities. Some experts noted the preference for a model that implies the interaction and complementarity of theology and religious studies. Secularism, which in the past set the paradigm of religious education exclusively from secular neutral positions, had its costs associated with the dogmatization of the secular approach to the study of religion. In order to overcome these costs, it is desirable that both religious scholars have respect for theology, and theologians for religious studies. As for religious studies, here, according to experts, there is only one area that needs improvement, again, the area of personnel training. One of the questions in guide of the interview was the question of the demand for graduates of such specialties as religious studies and theology. According to all experts, a specialist with a religious and theological education can work as a teacher or researcher, in addition, individual experts indicated that graduates of the relevant specialties can work as school teachers, employees of religious structures and institutions, work in state authorities and local self-governments, and museums.
The March to Prussia: The Informative Value of a Peripheral Phenomenon
Authors: Paravicini Werner
Published: December 2023

This article not only introduces new sources that underline the importance of the march to Prussia (Preußenreisen) for the nobility of Western Europe at the time, but also highlights the challenges they faced along the way, including encounters with marauders, adverse natural conditions and captivity. These campaigns provide a detailed insight into the life of European nobility: how nobles inspired by literary ideals embarked on long journeys, visited various courts and feasted with other knights, and finally how European chivalry conceived itself on these campaigns. The story tells how from the westernmost corner of Europe they travelled to the East and, on their return, tried to make sense of their journeys (despite the enormous expense) through places of memory. In addition, this study explores how the Teutonic Order faced the new challenge of seeking new legitimacy after the baptism of Lithuania and Samogitia.
Images of India in the Lithuanian press of Catholic missions, 1927–1940
Authors: Kudijanovas Laurynas
Published: December 2023

The article presents the perception of Indian culture and everyday life, formed by the interwar Lithuanian press of the Catholic missions, which received little attention in historiography. Based on the articles published in the Jesuit magazine “Misijos” and the Salesian magazine “Saleziečių žinios” in 3rd and 4th decades of the 20th century, three main images that represented India in Lithuania are examined: Indian spirituality and religiosity, social problems of society, primarily the caste system and women’s rights, and finally the ferocious nature of the land. The analysis of periodicals revealed that the creation of images of India was influenced by the Christian tradition, the European orientalist attitude and the comparison of East-West civilizations.
Dealing with nonresponse in business surveys
Authors: Indriulionis Audrius
Published: December 2023

There is not abstract.
Features of determining the design parameters of the control system of power spacecraft for contactless power transmission to a space industrial platform
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Lapkhanov E.O. , Palii O.S. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Svorobin D. S. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

The study of the features of near-Earth space industrialization is a promising line in space science. The scientific development of this line is rather deep, and it is carried out both at a theoretical conceptual level and at an experimental level by trying various technological processes onboard the International Space Station. One of the lines of this concept is the study of the features of designing a power system for a space industrial platform. The power system is of the distributed type, which provides for the combined use of power generation modules onboard the space industrial platform itself and an orbital constellation of power spacecraft. In its turn, the use of power spacecraft with contactless electric power transmission to a space industrial platform is intended for highly power-intensive technological processes. In view of the aforesaid, the goal of this paper is to study the features of controlling the power spacecraft of the distributed power supply system of a space industrial platform in such a way as to provide the synchronization of their operating modes with the operation sequence of the space industrial platform. A power spacecraft’s angular motion controllers are synthesized for a solar battery charging mode, a receiving spacecraft aperture pointing mode, and a waiting mode. Methodological recommendations are given on synthesizing the operation schedules of the power spacecraft of the distributed power supply system in such a way as to provide their synchronization with the operation schedules of the space industrial platform. The design parameters to be chosen in designing spacecraft for contactless power transmission to a space industrial platform are identified.
Computer simulation of the effect of annular inclusions on the stress concentra-tion in thin-walled cylindrical and conical shells with circular openings
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Hart E.L. , Semencha O.O. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: December 2023

Shell structures are used in various industries, such the aerospace industry, the oil and gas industry, power engineering, mechanical engineering, construction, etc. Due to their design or manufacturing features, their integrity may be disrupted by the presence of various openings, around which local stresses develop. Finding ways to reduce stress concentrations around openings is an important problem in deformable solid mechanics. This paper presents the results of a computer simulation and a finite-element analysis of the stress and strain field of thin-walled cylindrical and truncated conical shells with circular openings in the presence of annular inclusions around them made of a material whose properties differ from the main material of the shells. The effect of the elastic modulus of an inclusion and its geometric parameters on the stress and strain concentration in the vicinity of the openings was studied. Several inclusion materials and inclusion widths were considered. An annular inclusion made of a homogeneous material and located in the shell plane was considered. Stress and strain intensity distributions in the local stress concentration zones were calculated. A comparative analysis of the results obtained for cylindrical and conical shells was carried out. The study showed that the presence of a “soft” homogeneous annular inclusion makes it possible to reduce the stress concentration around the opening by ~13–35% depending on the inclusion width and elastic modulus both for a cylindrical and a conical shell. Certain combinations of the geometric and mechanical parameters of the inclusion give rise to a “mechanical” effect, which consists in shifting the stress concentration zone from the opening edge to the inclusion – shell material interface. For conical shells, due to their geometric features, a “conical” effect occurs: the stresses increase not only in the vicinity of the opening-weakened zone, but also near the cone basis.
Features of fastening a swap body on the undercarriage of a freight car
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Sobolevska M.B. , Horobets D.V. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Freight car fleet renewal and the introduction of new efficient freight transportation technologies are topical problems of the Ukrainian railway transport. An innovation in the world’s transport service is the use of swap-body freight cars. With seasonal variations in freight shipment, one empty car body can be replaced with another, and the undercarriage with the new body can then be used as a usual dedicated car. It is expedient for Ukraine to develop a swap-body car design of its own. In doing so, special attention must be paid to body-on-undercarriage fasteners. The goal of this paper is to estimate the stress and strain field of swap-body car components and develop recommendations on fasteners that would provide safe freight transportation in swap-body cars according to the Ukrainian State Standard EN 12663-2:2018. The paper considers a swap-body car whose undercarriage is a container flat car and whose body has the dimensions of a 45-feet container; the body mass plus the freight mass is equal to the carrying capacity of the flat car. Previous studies showed that four fitting joints in the presence of clearances therein cannot provide the required swap-body car service strength. The paper analyzes existing designs of body-on-undercarriage fasteners and identifies lines of their improvement: increasing the number of fasteners that transfer service loads from the body to the underframe and using additional grippers for clearance takeup. Finite-element models were developed to study the stress and strain field of swap-body car components at standard loads with account for different schemes of body-on-undercarriage fastening. Using them, it was shown that for the requirements of the Ukrainian State Standard EN 12663-2:2018 to be satisfied, it is sufficient to use eight body-on-undercarriage fitting fasteners with additional elements that make them clearance-free in a longitudinal direction and in a transverse direction on the outside of the underframe. The body-on-undercarriage fastening scheme that minimizes underframe stresses was identified. Recommendations were developed on fasteners that would provide safe freight transportation in swap-body cars.
Focus on Synergistic Bacteriocin-Nanoparticles Enhancing Antimicrobial Activity Assay
Authors: Ahmed M.E. , Al-Awadi A.Q. , Abbas A.F.
Published: December 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most significant threats to public health worldwide. As opposed to using traditional antibiotics, which are effective against diseases that are multidrug-resistant, it is vital to concentrate on the most innovative antibacterial compounds. These innate bacterial arsenals under the term «bacteriocins» refer to low-molecularweight, heat-stable, membrane-active, proteolytically degradable, and pore-forming cationic peptides. Due to their ability to attack bacteria, viruses, fungi, and biofilm, bacteriocins appear to be the most promising, currently accessible alternative for addressing the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) problem and minimizing the negative effects of antibiotics on the host’s microbiome. Nano-compounds have shown promise in a variety of applications, including antibacterial agents, drug delivery systems, food and drug packaging elements, functional food formulations, and many more. However, there are certain disadvantages in the chemical production of nanoparticles (NPs), such as toxicity and other negative impacts. Due to the dual action of biological sources combined with metallic NPs, the use of conjugated or green-synthesized nanoparticles has become more widespread during the past ten years. Recently, bacteriocin nanoparticles have emerged as a viable remedy and the most effective antibacterial agent in vitro to overcome some of these limitations.
New data on geographical distribution of Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Lycopodiaceae) in Ukraine
Authors:   M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Melnyk V.I. , Baransky A.R. ,   M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2023

Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Lycopodiaceae) is a rare species of the Ukrainian flora, listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine. In our country it occurs mainly in Central (Zhytomyr) Polissya. Two localities only have been recorded in Volhynian Polissya. In the literature sources, there is no information about distribution of D. tristachyum in Kyiv Polissya. However, back in 1899, the species was collected near the town of Boyarka (KWU0001665). Although correctly identified, this specimen has not been previously included in distribution data. We report a new locality of D. tristachyum from pine forest in Lub'yanka Forestry in Bucha District, Kyiv Region. In the Podolian Upland, an isolated local population of D. tristachyum was found in a karst sinkhole near Hutysko village, Ternopil Region. A list of all known localities of D. tristachyum in Ukraine and data on the current state of its populations in the newly reported localities are provided. It is proposed to establish a botanical reserve in Lub'yanka Forestry.
Piomiositis de los obturadores tratada con drenaje percutáneo guiado por ecografía en un niño. Presentación de un caso
Authors: Enríquez Romo Pablo M. , Bonifaz Manzano Erika Johanna , Enríquez Romo Pablo Mauricio , Cedillo-Balcázar Jamil , Rodríguez Vélez Nicolás Eduardo , Soto-Alvarado J. Fernando
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de esta presentación es dar a conocer el manejo de la miositis piógena del músculo obturador interno en un paciente pediátrico que fue tratado mediante un drenaje percutáneo guiado por ecografía. Se trata de un niño de 5 años de edad, con manifestaciones clínicas y valores de laboratorio de infección muscular profunda en el obturador interno. Se identificó específicamente con resonancia magnética, es un área de difícil acceso quirúrgico, por lo cual se realizó un tratamiento percutáneo guiado por ecografía que permitió drenar el contenido purulento de la zona afectada. La resonancia magnética hizo posible lograr un diagnóstico más acertado en los casos de infección piógena temprana y, a su vez, decidir la vía de abordaje más adecuada. En ocasiones, se puede optar por la guía ecográfica con la cual se evita el abordaje quirúrgico formal y así disminuyen las complicaciones de la herida y la mayor morbimortalidad. La adición de procedimientos percutáneos guiados por imágenes es una herramienta muy útil para tratar enfermedades infecciosas y una gran ayuda para el ortopedista.