bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Genomic Prediction of Resistance to Fusarium Wilt (Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. niveum race 2) in Watermelon: Insights from Parametric and Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Biswas Anju , Wechter Pat , Ganaparthi Venkat , Jarquin Diego , Kousik Shaker , Branham Sandra , Levi Amnon
Published: September 2024

Complex traits influenced by multiple genes pose challenges for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. Genomic selection (GS) is a promising strategy for achieving higher genetic gains in quantitative traits by stacking favorable alleles into elite cultivars. Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) race 2 in watermelon is complex and polygenic with moderate heritability. This study evaluated GS as an alternative or additional approach to quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis/marker assisted selection (MAS) for enhancing Fon race 2-resistance in elite watermelon cultivars. Objectives were to: 1) assess the accuracy of genomic prediction (GP) models for predicting Fon race 2-resistance in F2 (Pop I) and recombinant inbred line (RIL) (Pop II) populations, 2) rank and select families in each population based on genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for developing testing populations, and 3) verify if major QTL associated with Fon race 2-resistance are present in top selected families with the highest GEBV. Resistance ratings were based on the percentage of healthy plants at the 28-day post-seeding in Fon race 2-inoculated soil. GBS-SNP data from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) for 205 F2:3 and 204 RIL families were used, and parental line genome sequences were used as references. Six GS models, including parametric (G-BLUP, BayesB, Bayes_LASSO) and non-parametric (Random Forest, SVM Linear, SVM Radial) methods, were tested. G-BLUP and Random Forest outperformed the other models, with correlations of 0.48 in the F2:3 and 0.68 in the RIL populations, highlighting the GP efficacy in early-stage breeding for improving Fon race 2-resistance in elite watermelon cultivars.
Triboinformatic modeling of wear and friction coefficient of microwave-assisted synthesized g-C3N4/MoS2 nanocomposites using advanced regression models
Authors: SAXENA MUKUL , Saharma Anuj Kumar , Singh Monika
Published: September 2024

Tribological phenomena, encompassing friction, wear, and lubrication, significantly impact the performance and efficiency of mechanical systems across various industries. This research investigates the application of machine learning approaches to minimize wear depth and coefficient of friction in tribometer systems by modeling the effects of applied load, sliding speed, and coating material. Through comprehensive experimentation and analysis, the influence of these critical parameters on the tribological responses is quantified. Several machine learning algorithms, including linear regression, decision trees, random forests, support vector regression, k-nearest neighbors, and neural networks, are employed to capture the complex relationships between the input parameters and the responses. The neural network model achieved the best performance with a low mean squared error (MSE) of 0.0023 and high R-squared of 0.9977 for predicting wear depth, along with an MSE of 567.89 and R-squared of 0.9654 for coefficient of friction predictions. Random forests also exhibited strong performance with testing MSE of 0.0298 and R-squared of 0.9671 for wear depth. Feature importance analysis identifies coating material as the most influential factor for wear depth, while sliding speed is the dominant factor (F-ratio of 8.589) affecting the coefficient of friction. Statistical significance testing confirms a substantial difference between the means (t-statistic of -14.544, p-value of 5.41e-31). Multiple linear regression analysis reveals an optimized input parameter combination of 10 kN applied load, 0.5 m/s sliding speed, and 9 Wt% of gCN, minimizing both tribological responses with low MSEs of 0.0214 (wear depth) and 12.8745 (coefficient of friction) on the training set. The study provides valuable insights into tribological optimization, highlighting the potential of machine learning techniques for enhancing system performance, efficiency, and durability. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of tribological processes and pave the way for future research in developing advanced coatings, lubricants, and condition monitoring systems for tribological applications,
ROAEN: Reversed dependency graph and Orthogonal-gating strategy Attention-Enhanced Network for Aspect-Level Sentiment Classification
Authors: Chen Jiang , Ye Weijie
Published: September 2024

Aspect-Level sentiment classification aims to determine the sentiment polarity of different aspects within a sentence. Many existing approaches employ Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) in conjunction with dependency trees to model syntactic structures in sentences but often ignore its limitations in modeling long-distance words. This paper proposes a Reversed dependency graph and Orthogonal-gating strategy Attention-Enhanced Network (ROAEN), which introduces a novel Reversed dependency Graph Convolutional Network combined with Orthogonal projection (RGCN-O) to model long-distance words and syntactic structures simultaneously. Specifically, RGCN-O discards a few words with dependencies, generates vector representations for long-distance words, and models syntactic structures from its orthogonal space. The output of RGCN-O is then used to design a gating strategy that dynamically filters attention noise in a weighted manner. Additionally, we offer a novel total inter-intra loss function to enhance the compactness and distinctiveness of the intra-class and inter-class sample features. Extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of RGCN-O and the new loss function, with ROAEN achieving state-of-the-art performance.
Fascination in the Workplace: Analyzing Work-Related Flow Among Clinical Residents and Professors: A Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Jamali Negin , Mosavat Seyed Hamdollah , Bazrafshan Amir
Published: September 2024

Background
Flow or fascination is a state of mind in which a person performs a specific activity with peak interest and mental engagement. Researchers have confirmed the existence of flow experience during artistic, sports and work activities. However, due to the limitations of existing studies, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the average index of work-related flow in professors and residents of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on clinical residents and professors at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected using a weight-stratified sampling method from a population of 1200 individuals, which included 400 professors and 800 residents. Work-related flow was assessed using the Work-related Flow Inventory (WOLF), a 13-item scale rated on a 5-point Likert scale, where higher scores indicate greater work enthusiasm (total scores range from 13 to 65).
Results
In total, 104 professors and 230 residents were included into the study. The average of the total psychological index of work-related flow in professors and residents of medical sciences in Shiraz was equal to 43.31 ± 9.7. The age of the participants had a significant positive correlation with their average score (p < 0.001). The mean score for work-related flow was significantly higher in men than in women, higher in married compared to single ones, and also higher in professors than in residents. Specialized field could influence the work-related flow score that the highest and the lowest score was specified to general surgery and gynecology respectively.
Conclusion
Work-related fascination in clinical residents and professors of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences is different and is affected by their gender, age and specialized field.
Time Series Prediction using Laplace Transform-based Deep RNN- LSTM Approach
Authors: Ambhika C. , Chandrasekaran Raja , Bolla Sreenivasulu , Gangopadhyay Amit , Brahmaiah Madamanchi , Jeyakumar Balajee
Published: September 2024

This study presents a novel hybrid framework employing integrated Laplace transform-based Deep Recurrent Neural Network-Long shortTerm memory (DRNN-LSTM) model for time series prediction. In the presented work, the Ebola Optimization search (EOS) optimization algorithm was utilized to train the unsupervised DRNN-LSTM model. The Laplace transform in the proposed work eliminates the noises or unwanted features and helps to transform the input signal into a required format. Finally, the experimental analysis was performed and validated with the conventional techniques. The experimental analysis demonstrates that the designed model effectively eliminates the noises and also extracts the features accurately and also outperformed all the state-of-art techniques.
Proteomic analysis reveals the sperm protein difference among low, high quality and frozen semen of Sewa sheep in Tibet
Authors: Su Kui-yuan , Fu Han-yu , Xu Ye-fen , Tan Zhan-kun , Yao Yi-long , Xi Guang-yin , Shang Zhen-da , Liu Yang , baima Sangzhu , Liu Bo-hua , Zan Rui-long , Liu Suo-zhu
Published: September 2024

The Tibetan Sewa sheep is a unique breed that inhabits the plateau area at an altitude of approximately 4,800 m. In this study, we conducted DIA quantitative proteomic analysis on high-quality semen (F), frozen semen (C), and low-quality semen (L) from Sewa sheep. A total of 33,073 peptide segments and 3,175 proteins were detected in the three groups of semen. Among them, 3,700 proteins were functionally annotated in the database. Comparison between the C and F groups revealed 163 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with 134 upregulated and 29 downregulated proteins. These DEPs were found to be associated with biological regulation and metabolic processes in Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis; they also mapped to 97 pathways in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Comparison between the L and F groups identified 459 DEPs with 319 upregulated and 140 downregulated proteins. These DEPs were found to be associated with metabolic processes and cellular component biogenesis in GO enrichment analysis; they also mapped to 107 pathways in KEGG enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis based on comparisons between C vs F group and L vs F group identified potential proteins that may affect sperm cryotolerance and sperm vitality; however, their specific functional mechanisms require further investigation. We have elucidated for the first time the differentially expressed proteins in various types of semen from Sewa sheep as well as their involvement in biological pathways, providing a theoretical basis for understanding sperm quality and freezing damage mechanisms in Sewa sheep.
Unveiling Temporal Patterns in Information for Improved Rumor Detection
Authors: Mairaj Omel , Khan Shafiq Ur Rehman
Published: September 2024

Rumor detection is a critical task for addressing the spread of misinformation and maintaining the credibility of information sources. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have been employed to propose efficient and effective methods for rumor detection. In the wake of the widespread COVID-19 pandemic, the world has faced extensive strain on health, economics, and social structures. The dissemination of false or inaccurate information on social media, whether intentionally malicious or unintentional, has had detrimental consequences for individuals and society, particularly during critical situations like real-world emergencies. In this study, we aim to explore the textual and temporal features present in social media posts (specifically tweets) related to COVID-19 to detect rumors as time is unique feature of text and any event can be mapped on timeline. Previous studies utilized the textual features and the temporal features are neglected at large for rumors detection. We utilize both temporal and textual features independently, as well as in combination, to train machine learning and neural network models. The evaluation of multiple algorithms (RNN, LSTM, CNN, DNN, BERT) across various feature sets reveals diverse performance. RNN and LSTM improve with combined textual and temporal features, highlighting temporal information's importance. CNN performs well with textual features but declines with temporal features. DNN maintains consistent performance, while BERT demonstrates moderate effectiveness in classification tasks.
Translucent Color Organic Solar Cells: From Power Generating Windowpanes to Aesthetic Art
Authors: Zhu Furong
Published: September 2024

The photovoltaic performance and artistic perspectives of the translucent color organic solar cells (OSCs), made with the emerging narrowband nonfullerene organic semiconductors are explored. This work reports the effort to develop high-performance translucent color OSCs comprising a Fabry-Pérot microcavity optical coupling layer, with a power conversion efficiency of >15% and a maximum transparency of >20% for the three primary colors. The performance color relationship of the translucent color OSCs was analyzed using a combination of high-throughput optical computing and experimental optimization, allowing light with desired color to pass through, and yet absorbing enough light to generate electricity. A 10×10 cm2-sized replication of Piet Mondrian's artwork "Composition C (1920)" was demonstrated using the translucent OSCs with a wider palette of colors and a high accuracy of hues. The outcome of the work offers an opportunity for translucent color OSCs to serve as both esthetic art and power generating windowpanes for use in our homes, offices, and even greenhouses.
Enrichment of Cysteine S-palmitoylated peptides using Sodium Deoxycholate Acid Precipitation
Authors: Larsen Martin , Jensen Peter , Palmisano Giuseppe , Rhodes Christopher
Published: September 2024

S-palmitoylation is a poorly understood post-translational modification that is gaining more attention as an essential regulator of cellular processes. The reversible nature of S-palmitoylation allows for fine-tuned control of cellular events and adaptation to stimuli. The enrichment of S-palmitoylated proteins and peptides includes the Acyl-Biotin Exchange (ABE) method, Acyl resin-assisted Capture (Acyl-RAC), metabolic labelling, and derivatives thereof. We present a novel method of enrichment of S-palmitoylated peptides termed SDC Acid Precipitation Enrichment (SDC-ACE). Here, S-palmitoylated peptides are enriched by taking advantage of their co-precipitation with Sodium-Deoxycholate (SDC) under acidic conditions, allowing easy and fast separation of lipidated peptides from the sample suspension. We applied our novel method for the characterization of the mouse brain, providing an in-depth analysis of S-palmitoylation events within the brain and comprehensive profile of the mouse brain S-palmitoylome. Furthermore, we applied our method for mapping mouse tissue-specific S-palmitoylation, highlighting the extensive role of S-palmitoylation throughout various organs in the body. Finally, we applied our methods for studying the brain palmitoylome of diabetic db/db mouse, uncovering alterations in the palmitoylation related to obesity and type 2 diabetes. The SDC-ACE method allows fast and easy enrichment of S-palmitoylated peptides, providing a valuable tool for exploring the dynamics and function of S-palmitoylation in diverse biological systems.
Perceived Familial Gender Discrimination, Gender Transcendence and Self-Efficacy: A Study on Indian Female University Students
Authors: Shergill Kanwal , Hooja Himangini Rathore
Published: September 2024

Gender discrimination in familial settings carries significant adverse consequences for females across their life span, due to their status being relegated in the household like a second class citizen, restricting their mobility, leisure, and aspirations. The present paper explores the relationship between perceived familial gender discrimination, gender transcendence and self-efficacy. The study was conducted on 850 female university students aged 18 years and above who were unmarried, unemployed and have male siblings living with them. Gender Discrimination by Parents’ Behaviour subscale (from Gender Discrimination Inventory), Gender Transcendence subscale (from Social Roles Questionnaire) and New General Self-Efficacy scale were administered to the sample. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis revealed that perceived familial gender discrimination is inversely correlated to both gender transcendence and self-efficacy.
Episodic magmatism contributes to sub-seafloor copper mineralization: Insights from textures and geochemistry of zoned pyrite in the Ashele VMS deposit
Authors: Xiao Bing , Chen Huayong , Feng Yuzhou , Pan Yuanming
Published: September 2024

Prolonged and episodic magmatic-hydrothermal processes have been proposed to be important in forming large-tonnage Cu volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits but are difficult to document and remain poorly understood in ancient VMS systems. In this study, we combine textural evidence, in situ analysis of sulfur isotopic composition with trace elements of pyrite from the well-preserved, large-tonnage Ashele VMS deposit (Central Asian Orogenic Belt, NW China) to elucidate the origin of the ore-forming materials and controlling factors of VMS deposits. The distribution of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization allows the Ashele deposit to be divided into five zones: massive sulfide, quartz-pyrite, chlorite-chalcopyrite-quartz-pyrite, quartz-chlorite-sericite-pyrite, and quartz-sericite-pyrite zones. Cu mineralization is mainly hosed in the massive sulfide and chlorite-chalcopyrite-quartz-pyrite zones. Three texturally and compositionally distinct types of pyrite from the Cu mineralization zones have been recognized. The first type of growth zones with high Cu, As, and volatile elements (e.g., Hg and Tl) concentrations and negative δ34S values (-7.83‰–-0.35‰) observed in pyrite grains from the massive sulfide zone most likely formed from the input of magmatic volatiles from degassing of the underlying magmatic systems. The second type of Cu-As-rich growth zones in pyrite grains from the chlorite-chalcopyrite-pyrite zone is not enriched in volatile elements and has positive δ34S values (2.59‰–6.56‰), which is interpreted to have precipitated during fluid boiling. The third type of growth zones, without Cu-As enrichment but having positive δ34S values (0.30‰–9.76‰) in pyrite grains from both mineralization zones, was probably formed without boiling or magmatic volatile input. Our results suggest that multi-stage magmatic degassing or fluid boiling accompanied by Cu precipitation recorded in individual pyrite grains can reveal episodic magmatic-hydrothermal activities, which are essential factors in forming large-tonnage VMS deposits.
Factors and circumstances affecting the business performance of firms based on new technologies
Authors: Slavik Štefan , Bednarova Veronika
Published: September 2024

New technology-based firms (NTBFs) invent, develop, and commercialize original technologies whose research, development, and commercial success is highly uncertain and risky. Their growth is lengthy and often insufficient, but investors’ growth expectations are high. The study aims to determine factors and circumstances that affect the growth of new technology-based firms. The source of knowledge is a personal experience from a guided interview with the founder, which is recorded in the questionnaire. The research sample includes 67 NTBFs doing business in Slovakia. The respondents’ statements were analyzed using critical discourse analysis (CDA) with the support of artificial intelligence. The results are the factors that influence the business performance of the investigated companies. The performance of companies that show a long-term loss is affected by very limited access to financial resources, restrictive regulations, and a lack of qualified employees. The performance of companies that show a long-term profit is influenced by favorable access to external capital, effective management of human resources, optimization of internal processes, and improvement of marketing. The order of the identified factors expresses their importance in the thematic group. The secondary results are the accompanying circumstances of the growth of the investigated companies, namely the reasons for the establishment of NTBF and entry into business, commercialization of new technology, and cooperation with investors and banks. The combination of limited access to finance and a lack of qualified human resources creates a complex set of obstacles to the business performance of NTBFs. AcknowledgmentThis work was supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic and Slovak Academy of Sciences (VEGA) under the grant “Accelerating the growth of innovative enterprises - scaling up scale-ups and new technology-based firms (NTBFs)”, number 1/0006/22.
From Theory to Practice: A Holistic Study of the Application of Artificial Intelligence Methods and Techniques in Higher Education and Science
Authors:   Haxhi Zeka University, Pec, Kosovo, A. Dzogovic Suada , Zdravkovska-Adamova Blagojka ,   South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia, Serpil Harun ,   Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Published: September 2024

This study endeavors to conduct an exhaustive analysis of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into educational and scientific practices, and to elucidate potential pathways for progress in this domain. It involves reflecting on the impact of AI across various education domains, the advancement of scientific methodologies and discoveries, and the broader societal development. With the help of a systematic review of the relevant literature, examples, and trends of the application of AI in education and science are studied, emphasizing their methodological and conceptual basis. The qualitative approach of this study is based on a systematic analytical review of academic publications, with an attempt to identify key topics and trends in the integration of AI in the fields of education and science. The critical analysis of relevant research assesses the reliability of the presented evidence and applied research methods, and examines the differences and convergence of the approaches of different authors. This methodological approach allows a more profound analysis of AI's impact, while also exploring AI as an advanced research methodology and analyzing various perspectives and contributions of authors within the realms of education and science. The results demonstrate that AI integration significantly contributes to improving educational processes, fostering student creativity, and enhancing scientific practices. Furthermore, the study identifies research gaps, emphasizing the need to explore ethical implications, long-term impacts, and inclusive models of AI. Based on these findings, further studies employing longitudinal/ experimental methods and large dataset analyses are recommended. The findings are expected to advance research by deepening our understanding of the complex interactions between artificial intelligence, education, and science.
Characteristics of Sensory Processing in Children with Cochlear Implants and Hearing Aids
Authors:   Institute for Educational Research, Belgrade, Serbia, Drobac Ana , Radovanovic Vesna ,   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Kovacevic Jasmina ,   Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Published: September 2024

Sensory processing includes perception, organization, and reaction to sensory stimuli. Research has shown that deaf and hard-of-hearing children have unique sensory processing characteristics. The aim of this study was to identify these characteristics and examine the contributions of factors such as type of amplification, chronological age, hearing age, and frequency of rehabilitation to sensory processing features. Parents of 52 children, aged 3 to 10 years old, completed the Sensory Profile questionnaire. Results showed that most children were within the typical performance range in most subscales, however, children with cochlear implants had better scores in several domains compared to children with hearing aids. Chronological age, hearing age, and frequency of rehabilitation did not contribute to overall sensory processing. These results indicate that children with cochlear implants have a more successful integration of sensory processing abilities. Early intervention and consistent rehabilitation are needed to optimize sensory outcomes in deaf and hard-of-hearing children.
Enhanced diagnostic method for rolling bearings using time-reassigned multi-synchro squeezing transform
Authors: Zhang Yunxiu , Li Bingxian , Han Zhiyin
Published: September 2024

In response to the significant challenges posed by strong non-stationarity and the vulnerability to intense background noise in rolling bearing signals, as well as the inherent limitations of conventional convolutional neural networks (CNN) when processing one-dimensional (1D) signals without fully leveraging the inter-data relationships, this study introduces an innovative diagnostic approach for rolling bearings. The method employs the Time-Reassigned Multi-Synchro Squeezing Transform (TMSST) to preprocess 1D vibration signals. By harnessing the temporal correlations across various intervals, TMSST generates a set of time-frequency feature maps that are subsequently fed into a CNN to adaptively extract and classify the fault characteristics of rolling bearings. To substantiate the efficacy of the proposed model, the Case Western Reserve University's bearing dataset serves as the benchmark for the fault diagnosis analysis. Moreover, the study incorporates several alternative data processing techniques for comparative evaluation of the classification accuracy. The findings reveal that the proposed model, when juxtaposed with other image encoding methods, consistently delivers superior diagnostic performance across a spectrum of load conditions and noise environments. It achieves an impressive global accuracy of 95.67 %, thereby facilitating robust end-to-end fault pattern recognition in rolling bearings.
Fault diagnosis method of rotating machinery based on MSResNet feature fusion and CAM
Authors: Du Linhao
Published: September 2024

To solve the problem of noise interference, it is difficult to extract multi-scale information from complex vibration signals in fault diagnosis with the single-scale convolution kernel of classical deep learning model convolutional neural network (CNN). Therefore, a fault diagnosis method of rotating machinery based on MSResNet feature fusion and CAM is proposed. The residual network (ResNet) and multi-scale convolutional neural network (MSCNN) are combined to extract multi-scale feature information according to convolution kernels with different sizes, so as to avoid the loss of single-scale feature extraction. Make full use of the advantages of the residual network to skip the connection and prevent the feature information extracted by the multi-scale convolution kernel from being lost when the convolution layer propagates forward. In addition, in order to avoid the interference of invalid features after multi-scale information feature fusion, a channel attention mechanism module (CAM) is introduced to screen important features adaptively. The effectiveness of MSResNet-CAM is verified by the bearing data set of Western Reserve University (CWRU) and the data set of QPZZ-II gearbox, and the anti-noise ability is verified by adding noise to the two data sets. The experimental results show that MSResNet-CAM has the characteristics of high fault classification accuracy, good robustness and strong anti-noise ability.
El bienestar animal: un balance sobre los avances recientes de su regulación en Colombia y España
Authors: Vargas Cháves Iván , Marulanda Diana
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo estudiar la evolución y avances en el marco regulatorio del bienestar animal como un interés jurídico tutelado en los ordenamientos en Colombia y España. Para ello, se utilizará una metodología de análisis documental de información especializada, siguiendo los parámetros de análisis de textos jurídicos, tales como normas y doctrina jurídica. Con el fin de presentar un marco jurídico comparado del bienestar animal en los dos ordenamientos, y de formular algunas reflexiones críticas, los autores desarrollarán un enfoque interpretativo sistemático y teleológico; en aras de comparar las normas vigentes con las realidades y fines perseguidos por este interés jurídico tutelado. Como resultado, se podrá concluir que, a pesar de los avances regulatorios recientes en los ordenamientos colombiano y español, aún existe un largo trayecto por recorrer. Del mismo modo, se identificarán excepciones en la cobertura normativa, por motivos culturales o sociales como las cabalgatas o corridas de toros, que no deberían haberse contemplado como tales. Al final, lo que se pretende con este artículo es desarrollar un debate sobre la posible extensión de la protección y el bienestar animal a todas las especies; indistintamente de su procedencia o destinación. En efecto, al tratarse de un tema en constante evolución y con un desarrollo jurídico cada vez mayor, las instituciones jurídicas y políticas deberían ser conscientes del reconocimiento que la sociedad les viene otorgando a los animales; y el interés jurídico tutelado de especial protección que hoy se reconoce a su favor, en tanto son seres sintientes.
Las barreras de género en la judicatura chilena: un análisis desde la teoría del techo de cristal
Authors: Gauché Marchetti Ximena , Brevis Cartes Priscilla , Sánchez Pezo Gabriela , Bustos Ibarra Cecilia , Ulloa Becerra María Victoria
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo analiza desde la teoría del “techo de cristal” (glass ceiling) las barreras que afectan el acceso de las juezas a los cargos de mayor jerarquía en el Poder Judicial chileno. Aplica tal perspectiva a los resultados de un diagnóstico integrado sobre discriminaciones de género construido en el marco de un proyecto de investigación jurídico-social aplicada, que identifica y describe estereotipos, representaciones y prácticas que configuran barreras que permiten explicar las brechas de género en la judicatura chilena.
Inteligencia artificial: transformación digital en el derecho
Authors: Buitrago Botero Diego Martín
Published: September 2024

Con la rápida penetración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en todos los escenarios de la sociedad, se presentan grandes retos, desafíos y oportunidades sin precedentes, a los cuales el sector jurídico no es ajeno y se encuentra en el momento en el que la tecnología tiene una relación fundamental con el derecho, estableciendo una relación cada ve ms estrecha en donde la tecnología se nutre del marco normativo jurídico para su desarrollo, y el derecho se sirve de la tecnología para los grandes cambios y transformaciones que requiere en temas tales como legalTech y Legal Design, entre otros.
Efecto Pigmalión y motivación académica en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Vizarreta Donayre Julio
Published: September 2024

En el ámbito educativo, las expectativas de los docentes respecto a sus estudiantes juegan un rol importante, dada la tendencia de los individuos a llevar a cabo en mayor medida lo que se espera de ellos; este fenómeno se conoce como efecto Pigmalión. Asociado o no a variables como la motivación académica, este fenómeno podría influir en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. Dado lo anterior, la presente investigación busca determinar la relación existente entre el efecto Pigmalión y la motivación académica en estudiantes universitarios. Para tal efecto se realizó un estudio no experimental, correlacional, de nivel descriptivo y corte transversal, en el que participaron 216 alumnos de arquitectura de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Se elaboró y aplicó el Test del Efecto Pigmalión (TEPau), que establece una relación directa entre un mayor puntaje con efecto Pigmalión positivo y un menor puntaje con efecto Pigmalión negativo. Además, se aplicó la Escala de Motivación Académica (EMA). Los resultados evidencian una correlación directa y significativa entre las variables, lo que sugiere que un efecto Pigmalión positivo se relaciona con estudiantes más motivados.
How to design an objective test to assess personality: Step by step
Authors: Romero Miriam , Hernández López José Manuel , Santacreu José
Published: September 2024

Objective tests allow us to study the behavior that people show, without having to resort to the analysis of the verbal descriptions they make about their own behavior. Objective tests have been widely used to study abilities, and it was not until the works of Cattell and Warburton that these instruments also began to be systematically designed to study personality. This work aims to provide researchers with the necessary knowledge to design an objective personality test. Initially, The article presents a review of the main aspects of objective tests, including their historical context and theoretical foundations. Following this review, we propose a detailed methodology to guide the design of objective personality tests. This methodology includes key steps such as defining the construct, designing the test's morphology and functionality, and conducting pilot studies to ensure reliability and validity. This structured approach ensures the development of robust and precise tools for personality assessment, thereby making a significant contribution to the field of psychology. Objective tests offer notable advantages in providing unbiased and accurate assessments of personality. This work serves as a foundational guide for researchers aiming to develop objective personality assessment tools, emphasizing the importance of methodological rigor and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Climate change impact assessment of growing degree days and thermal growing period of cotton in north-west India
Authors: Kaur Varinderjit , Singh Som Pal , Kingra Pavneet Kaur , Singh Jatinderpal
Published: September 2024

Temperature is an indispensable necessity of plant growth, which explains the 95% variability in plant development. Accumulated temperature, i.e. growing degree day (GDD) is a useful agro-climatic indicator that translates raw climatic data into meaningful decisions. In this study, the GDD concept is used to analyze spatio-temporal variability of accumulated growing degree days (AGDD) and thermal growing period of cotton for the past and future climates in the three different zones (north-east, central and south-west) of Punjab. During the baseline period, higher AGDD were accumulated in the south-western (2,441 °C day), followed by central (2,276.8 °C day) and north-eastern (2,073.8 °C day) zones. During the end of mid-century, AGDD of the central zone was increased by 4–11%, 3–27% for north-eastern, and 3–7% for south-western zones in contrast to the baseline period. This increase in AGDD of cotton might decrease the thermal growing period by 6–14%, 8–25%, and 4–8% for central, north-east and south-western zones, clearly indicating the thermal stress over the cotton crop. This study provides quantitative information for crop breeders and cotton scientists to develop new genetically modified cultivars and improved agronomic practices to mitigate the adverse effect of climate change.
Childhood in a Conflict-Ridden Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan and the Function of Education in Generating (Dis)Peace
Authors: Pietkiewicz-Pareek Beata
Published: September 2024

Understanding the dire circumstances of children in Afghanistan after 2021 is the primary goal of the paper that is being presented. The paper discusses societal challenges such as child labor and the issue of early marriage. Young girls are already being forced into marriage by their families in order to support their marriages because they are not permitted to complete their education.
The research was grounded in interviews with Afghans and Afghan refugees as well as a review of pertinent literature. I had the opportunity to visit the Center for Foreigners in Grupa throughout the study period, which ran from December 2021 to November 2023, and I got to know the Afghan refugees who lived there. Coding was an essential phase in the data analysis process since it helped establish categories that were then assigned to categories featured in Martha Nussbaum's Perspective.
The issues facing Afghan children in Europe have received insufficient attention; instead, there have been limited and irregular attempts to comprehend these issues. The author of this text aims to draw attention to the social circumstances facing Afghan youngsters.
Education and Peace in Anglo-Saxon Culture
Authors: Jednaszewski Piotr
Published: September 2024

Education and the value of peace within societies should be synonymous concepts. These values have been shaped throughout history by the culture, history, and prevailing religion of a country. Anglo-Saxon culture, originating from the early Middle Ages in England, goes far beyond the historical and social scope of this article. Today, when we talk about Anglo-Saxon countries, we mean those that follow Anglo-American culture. The values of teaching about peace are rooted in the old Christian tradition, shaping statehood based on mutual trust between the people and rulers. The ethical foundations of the formation of statehood in the early Middle Ages were determined not only by religious principles but also by certain elements of pagan culture. There was a deeper dimension to the peace associated with Christianity and this permeated many areas of life in society, such as the written word, the concept of wisdom and conflict resolution, symbolism, and art. These achievements have evolved over centuries, leaving a rich historical legacy that contributes to the richness of Anglo-American culture also known as Anglo-Saxon culture.
Upbringing for Peace in the Context of Values Preferred by Candidates for Elementary Education Teachers
Authors: Głowala Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

Looking for permanent universal values, on which you can build a world order, is a crucial task for a modern human. It seems that axiological education does not have anticipated effects and a majority of society lacks some reflection about its own values as a foundation and a criterion for a demeanour. Diversity in a perception and understanding of values is a key aspect of post-modern educational actions in the context of upbringing for peace. The present text, referencing results of a research carried amongst students of preschool and elementary school pedagogy, has a purpose to be a part of a discussion about educational aspects of preparing a teacher to fulfil a process of raising a child for peace.
Jim Anchante Arias. El ruiseñor de ultramar: estudio de la vida y obra de Nicanor del la Rocca de Vergalo. Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. 2024
Authors: Silva Guerrero Fernando
Published: September 2024

Jim Anchante Arias. Jim Anchante Arias ha publicado valiosos trabajos sobre poesía peruana, entre los cuales destacan sus estudios Poesía, ser y quimera (2012) y Las figuras del cazador (2013).  Ya en dichos estudios despliega su conocimiento e interés por el tema del símbolo, las figuras literarias y las influencias francesas en la poesía peruana. El ruiseñor de ultramar. Estudio de la vida y obra de Nicanor della Rocca de Vergalo es una contribución más dentro de esta línea de investigación cultivada por Anchante en estos años. Se trata de un estudio surgido de la consulta de importantes materiales que realizó mientras redactaba su tesis doctoral en Francia, y que pretende recuperar para la historia literaria nacional a un autor que gozó de cierta importancia en su época.
PROPOSTA DE METADADOS PARA DESCRIÇÃO DE PRODUTOS DA NOTA FISCAL DE CONSUMIDOR ELETRÔNICA (NFC-E) USANDO APRIORI
Authors: Camara Gorayeb Diana Maria da , Gottschalg-Duque Claudio
Published: September 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo utilizar o algoritmo Apriori para dar agilidade na busca de termos sem a predefinição pelo especialista, considerando a análise da frequência e da relevância para propor um conjunto com elementos mínimos de metadados que permitam a descrição inequívoca do produto na NFC-e. Partiu da problemática de encontrar, por meio de mineração dos dados frequentes, o termo que identifica de forma inequívoca o produto de interesse e quais as relações mais comuns e mais importantes dispostas no campo descrição. Buscaram-se dados da NFC-e da Secretaria de Fazenda do Estado do Amazonas, disponibilizados em arquivo .csv, tipo texto, no período de 01/02/2023 a 31/05/2023. A metodologia aplicada se fez a partir da aplicação de sete etapas: seleção do produto de interesse; análise dos dados; seleção da amostra; aplicação do algoritmo Apriori; análise dos termos extraídos do Apriori; obtenção da lista final de termos; análise dos termos finais; proposta de definição dos metadados. A base teórica apoia-se nos estudos da Ciência da Informação, com foco nos campos da mineração de dados, mineração de textos, processamento da linguagem natural, metadados. Como resultado, tem-se, em síntese, a proposta dos metadados em quantidade (quatro) e qualidade: nome do produto, nome da marca comercial do produto, capacidade e tipo da embalagem compõe uma expressão com significado suficiente para o entendimento do conceito que se deseja alcançar no domínio da cerveja.
Protective Effects of Curcumin against Nephrotoxicity in Male Rats after Chronic Exposure to Chlorpyrifos
Authors: Farkhondeh Tahereh , Roshanravan Babak , Samini Fariborz , Samarghandian Saeed
Published: September 2024

Background:

Organophosphorus insecticides, widely used in farming and agriculture,
have been associated with various health issues. Curcumin, a natural antioxidant, has
shown potential in mitigating the adverse effects induced by these insecticides.

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of Curcumin (CUR) against
Chlorpyrifos (CPF)-induced renal damage.

Method:

Forty male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to five groups, each containing
eight rats: control (0.5 mL of olive oil, the solvent for chlorpyrifos), CPF (10 mg/kg of chlorpyrifos),
CPF + CUR 25 mg/kg/day, CPF + CUR 50 mg/kg/day, and CPF + CUR 100 mg/k/day. All
groups were treated for 90 days. Finally, kidney tissue was assessed for oxidative stress, inflammatory
markers, and histopathological changes.

Result:

A considerable elevation in urea and Creatinine (Cr) concentrations was observed in the
CPF group compared to the control rats (p < 0.01). CUR decreased creatinine and urea levels in
the CPF-exposed group compared to the non-CUR-treated animals (p < 0.05). Additionally, the
concentrations of NO, MDA, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα were significantly increased in the kidneys
of the CPF-induced rats compared to the controls (p < 0.001). However, CUR (100 mg/kg) administration
significantly reduced the abovementioned parameters in rat kidneys (p < 0.01). CUR
(100 mg/kg) also increased superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione concentration in the
kidneys of CPF-exposed animals compared to non-CUR-treated rats (p < 0.05). Histopathological
analysis revealed severe congestion in the kidney tissue after CPF exposure. However, coadministration
of CUR restored the normal structure of the kidney in the experimental rats.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that curcumin, a potent antioxidant, can help alleviate
chlorpyrifos-induced nephrotoxicity.
Delivery of Superoxide Dismutase 3 Gene with Baculoviruses Inhibits TNF-α Triggers Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Inflammation
Authors: Lin Shoa-Lin , Lee Song-Tay , Huang Shang-En , Chang Tsung-Hsien , Geng Yong-Jian , Sulistyowati Erna , Yeh Jwu-Lai
Published: September 2024

Background:

Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), recognized as a potent free radical scavenger,
exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. However, the
molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of SOD3 on the vascular smooth muscle
cell during atherosclerosis remain unclear.

Objectives:

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the baculovirus expressing SOD3 gene
delivery to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and investigate whether the overexpression of
SOD3 mitigates cell proliferation and migration induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-

Methods:

A baculoviral vector containing SOD3 cDNA (vAcMBac-CMV-IE-SOD3) was constructed
and utilized to deliver the SOD3 gene into primary rat VSMCs. Cells were stimulated
with recombinant TNF-α, and then cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using the bromodeoxyuridine
and wound healing assay. Western blot was used to verify the expression of cell
cycle regulators, cellular mediators, and proliferative biomarkers. Zymography, immunofluorescence
staining, and ELISA assay were conducted to assess the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases.

Results:

The results demonstrated efficient and non-cytotoxic transduction of vAcMBac-
CMV-IE-SOD3 in VSMCs. SOD3 overexpression significantly suppressed cell proliferation
and motility by inhibiting cell cycle regulators in TNF-α-induced cells. TNF-α elevated protein
levels of phospho-ERK and phospho-Akt were reduced markedly by SOD3-overexpressing. Additionally,
SOD3 overexpression attenuated the elevation of MMP-2 and MMP-9, the pro-inflammatory
and proliferative biomarkers. Overall, the SOD3 gene delivery exhibited potent anti-proliferation
and anti-inflammation effects on TNF-α-induced VSMCs.

Conclusion:

An effective SOD3 gene delivery using a recombinant baculoviral vector has been
successfully established and is useful for overexpression of the SOD gene family. This approach
provides new therapeutic strategies in gene therapy against atherosclerosis.