bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION IN LONG COVID-19 MANAGEMENT
Authors: Koçyiğit Burhan Fatih
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 is an infectious disease that can have a multi-system involvement, most notably, the respiratory tract. After acute infection, a considerable proportion of patients suffer from persistent symptoms and signs, defined as long COVID-19. Depending on the affected systems and organs, patients can experience  various clinic pictures. Rehabilitation approaches serve a crucial role in providing functional recovery and improving quality of life for COVID-19 survivors. As a result of the wideness of the clinical spectrum of the long COVID-19, rehabilitation practices differ according to the affected systems. Therefore, the formation of multidisciplinary rehabilitation teams is an inevitable necessity. The establishment of specific centers for long COVID-19 rehabilitation will be beneficial. If it is not possible, existing rehabilitation centers should be strengthened for this purpose. Since the pulmonary system and respiratory tract are the most affected structures, one of the main issues to be considered in long COVID-19 cases is cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Patients experience musculoskeletal disorders such as atrophy, sarcopenia, poor physical performance and contracture due to long-term hospitalization, intensive care treatment, quarantine practices and immobilization. Rehabilitation practices also focus on these disorders. All rehabilitation practices in long COVID-19 patients should start with low intensity, and parameters such as intensity and frequency should be increased as the patient's tolerance improves. In high-risk cases, parameters including oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and heart rhythm should be monitored. Health-care authorities should prioritize the rehabilitation of the long COVID-19 syndrome and invest in this area. Authorities, physicians and patients should collaborate to facilitate long COVID-19 rehabilitation and to establish a self-contained system.
VITAMIN D AND AGING: AN INTERPLAY OF MULTIPLE MECHANISMS
Authors: Goyal Mohit , Kedia Arun Kumar
Published: July 2022

Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and pro-autophagy actions and influences the genetic and epigenetic landscape to promote healthy aging. A deficiency of this vitamin leads to accelerated aging. Deficiency of vitamin D causes sarcopenia, osteoporosis, frailty and a high risk of fractures and consequently high morbidity. To complicate matters, in the elderly, various factors like reduced dietary intake, reduced mobility and sun exposure, decreased production and activation of vitamin D, reduction in the population of vitamin D receptors and diminished responsiveness of tissues to vitamin D cause reduced vitamin D levels and function. The above factors indicate that a special considered approach be adopted for the prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly.
Charting App Developers’ Journey Through Privacy Regulation Features in Ad Networks
Authors: Tahaei Mohammad , Ramokapane Kopo M. , Li Tianshi , Hong Jason I. , Rashid Awais
Published: July 2022

Mobile apps enable ad networks to collect and track users. App developers are given “configurations” on these platforms to limit data collection and adhere to privacy regulations; however, the prevalence of apps that violate privacy regulations because of third parties, including ad networks, begs the question of how developers work through these configurations and how easy they are to utilize. We study privacy regulations-related interfaces on three widely used ad networks using two empirical studies, a systematic review and think-aloud sessions with eleven developers, to shed light on how ad networks present privacy regulations and how usable the provided configurations are for developers. We find that information about privacy regulations is scattered in several pages, buried under multiple layers, and uses terms and language developers do not understand. While ad networks put the burden of complying with the regulations on developers, our participants, on the other hand, see ad networks responsible for ensuring compliance with regulations. To assist developers in building privacy regulations-compliant apps, we suggest dedicating a section to privacy, offering easily accessible configurations (both in graphical and code level), building testing systems for privacy regulations, and creating multimedia materials such as videos to promote privacy values in the ad networks’ documentation.
I know what you did on Venmo: Discovering privacy leaks in mobile social payments
Authors: Tandon Rajat , Charnsethikul Pithayuth , Arora Ishank , Murthy Dhiraj , Mirkovic Jelena
Published: July 2022

Venmo is a US-based mobile social payments platform. Each Venmo transaction requires a “payment note”, a brief memo. By default, these memos are visible to all other Venmo users. Using three data sets of Venmo transactions, which span 8 years and a total of 389 M transactions with over 22.5 M unique users, we quantify the extent of private data leaks from public transaction notes. To quantify the leaks, we develop a classification framework SENMO, that uses BERT and regular expressions to classify public transaction notes as sensitive or non-sensitive. We find that 41 M notes (10.5%) leak some sensitive information such as health condition, political orientation and drug/alcohol consumption involving 8.5 M (37.8%) users. We further find that users seek privacy by making their notes private, inconspicuous or cryptic. However, the large increase in Venmo’s user base means that the number of users whose privacy is publicly exposed has grown substantially. Finally, the privacy of a user who transacts with a group on Venmo can be reduced or eliminated through the actions of other users. We find that this happens to around half of Alcoholics Anonymous, gambling and biker gang group members. Our findings strongly suggest that public-by-default payment information puts many users at risk of unintended privacy leaks.
Moby: A Blackout-Resistant Anonymity Network for Mobile Devices
Authors: Pradeep Amogh , Javaid Hira , Williams Ryan , Rault Antoine , Choffnes David , Le Blond Stevens , Ford Bryan
Published: July 2022

Internet blackouts are challenging environments for anonymity and censorship resistance. Existing popular anonymity networks (e.g., Freenet, I2P, Tor) rely on Internet connectivity to function, making them impracticable during such blackouts. In such a setting, mobile ad-hoc networks can provide connectivity, but prior communication protocols for ad-hoc networks are not designed for anonymity and attack resilience. We address this need by designing, implementing, and evaluating Moby, a blackout-resistant anonymity network for mobile devices. Moby provides end-to-end encryption, forward secrecy and sender-receiver anonymity. It features a bi-modal design of operation, using Internet connectivity when available and ad-hoc networks during blackouts. During periods of Internet connectivity, Moby functions as a regular messaging application and bootstraps information that is later used in the absence of Internet connectivity to achieve secure anonymous communications. Moby incorporates a model of trust based on users’ contact lists, and a trust establishment protocol that mitigates flooding attacks. We perform an empirically informed simulation-based study based on cellphone traces of 268,596 users over the span of a week for a large cellular provider to determine Moby’s feasibility and present our findings. Last, we implement and evaluate the Moby client as an Android app.
Athena: Probabilistic Verification of Machine Unlearning
Authors: Sommer David M. , Song Liwei , Wagh Sameer , Mittal Prateek
Published: July 2022

The right to be forgotten, also known as the right to erasure, is the right of individuals to have their data erased from an entity storing it. The status of this long held notion was legally solidified recently by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union. As a consequence, there is a need for mechanisms whereby users can verify if service providers comply with their deletion requests. In this work, we take the first step in proposing a formal framework, called Athena, to study the design of such verification mechanisms for data deletion requests – also known as machine unlearning – in the context of systems that provide machine learning as a service (MLaaS). Athena allows the rigorous quantification of any verification mechanism based on hypothesis testing. Furthermore, we propose a novel verification mechanism that leverages backdoors and demonstrate its effectiveness in certifying data deletion with high confidence, thus providing a basis for quantitatively inferring machine unlearning. We evaluate our approach over a range of network architectures such as multi-layer perceptrons (MLP), convolutional neural networks (CNN), residual networks (ResNet), and long short-term memory (LSTM) and over 6 different datasets. We demonstrate that: (1) our approach has minimal effect on the accuracy of the ML service but provides high confidence verification of unlearning, even if multiple users employ our system to ascertain compliance with data deletion requests, and (2) our mechanism is robust against servers deploying state-of-the-art backdoor defense methods. Overall, our approach provides a foundation for a quantitative analysis of verifying machine unlearning, which can provide support for legal and regulatory frameworks pertaining to users’ data deletion requests.
In Search of Lost Utility: Private Location Data
Authors: Lestyán Szilvia , Ács Gergely , Biczók Gergely
Published: July 2022

The unavailability of training data is a permanent source of much frustration in research, especially when it is due to privacy concerns. This is particularly true for location data since previous techniques all suffer from the inherent sparseness and high dimensionality of location trajectories which render most techniques impractical, resulting in unrealistic traces and non-scalable methods. Moreover, time information of location visits is usually dropped, or its resolution is drastically reduced. In this paper we present a novel technique for privately releasing a composite generative model and whole high-dimensional location datasets with detailed time information. To generate high-fidelity synthetic data, we leverage several peculiarities of vehicular mobility such as its language-like characteristics (“you should know a location by the company it keeps”) or how humans plan their trips from one point to the other. We model the generator distribution of the dataset by first constructing a variational autoencoder to generate the source and destination locations, and the corresponding timing of trajectories. Next, we compute transition probabilities between locations with a feed forward network, and build a transition graph from the output of this model, which approximates the distribution of all paths between the source and destination (at a given time). Finally, a path is sampled from this distribution with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. The generated synthetic dataset is highly realistic, scalable, provides good utility and, nonetheless, provably private. We evaluate our model against two state-of-theart methods and three real-life datasets demonstrating the benefits of our approach.
Leveraging strategic connection migration-powered traffic splitting for privacy
Authors: Wang Mona , Kulshrestha Anunay , Wang Liang , Mittal Prateek
Published: July 2022

Network-level adversaries have developed increasingly sophisticated techniques to surveil and control users’ network traffic. In this paper, we exploit our observation that many encrypted protocol connections are no longer tied to device IP address (e.g., the connection migration feature in QUIC, or IP roaming in WireGuard and Mosh), due to the need for performance in a mobile-first world. We design and implement a novel framework, Connection Migration Powered Splitting (CoMPS), that utilizes these performance features for enhancing user privacy. With CoMPS, we can split traffic mid-session across network paths and heterogeneous network protocols. Such traffic splitting mitigates the ability of a network-level adversary to perform traffic analysis attacks by limiting the amount of traffic they can observe. We use CoMPS to construct a website fingerprinting defense that is resilient against traffic analysis attacks by a powerful adaptive adversary in the open-world setting. We evaluate our system using both simulated splitting data and real-world traffic that is actively split using CoMPS. In our real-world experiments, CoMPS reduces the precision and recall of VarCNN to 29.9% and 36.7% respectively in the openworld setting with 100 monitored classes. CoMPS is not only immediately deployable with any unaltered server that supports connection migration, but also incurs little overhead, decreasing throughput by only 5-20%.
On Defeating Graph Analysis of Anonymous Transactions
Authors: Egger Christoph , Lai Russell W. F. , Ronge Viktoria , Woo Ivy K. Y. , Yin Hoover H. F.
Published: July 2022

In a ring-signature-based anonymous cryptocurrency, signers of a transaction are hidden among a set of potential signers, called a ring, whose size is much smaller than the number of all users. The ringmembership relations specified by the sets of transactions thus induce bipartite transaction graphs, whose distribution is in turn induced by the ring sampler underlying the cryptocurrency. Since efficient graph analysis could be performed on transaction graphs to potentially deanonymise signers, it is crucial to understand the resistance of (the transaction graphs induced by) a ring sampler against graph analysis. Of particular interest is the class of partitioning ring samplers. Although previous works showed that they provide almost optimal local anonymity, their resistance against global, e.g. graph-based, attacks were unclear. In this work, we analyse transaction graphs induced by partitioning ring samplers. Specifically, we show (partly analytically and partly empirically) that, somewhat surprisingly, by setting the ring size to be at least logarithmic in the number of users, a graph-analysing adversary is no better than the one that performs random guessing in deanonymisation up to constant factor of 2.
User-friendly yet rarely read: A case study on the redesign of an online HIPAA authorization
Authors: Pearman Sarah , Young Ellie , Cranor Lorrie Faith
Published: July 2022

In this paper we describe the iterative evaluation and refinement of a consent flow for a chatbot being developed by a large U.S. health insurance company. This chatbot’s use of a cloud service provider triggers a requirement for users to agree to a HIPAA authorization. We highlight remote usability study and online survey findings indicating that simplifying the interface and language of the consent flow can improve the user experience and help users who read the content understand how their data may be used. However, we observe that most users in our studies, even those using our improved consent flows, missed important information in the authorization until we asked them to review it again. We also show that many people are overconfident about the privacy and security of healthcare data and that many people believe HIPAA protects in far more contexts than it actually does. Given that our redesigns following best practices did not produce many meaningful improvements in informed consent, we argue for the need for research on alternate approaches to health data disclosures such as standardized disclosures; methods borrowed from clinical research contexts such as multimedia formats, quizzes, and conversational approaches; and automated privacy assistants.
PrivacyScout: Assessing Vulnerability to Shoulder Surfing on Mobile Devices
Authors: Bâce Mihai , Saad Alia , Khamis Mohamed , Schneegass Stefan , Bulling Andreas
Published: July 2022

One approach to mitigate shoulder surfing attacks on mobile devices is to detect the presence of a bystander using the phone’s front-facing camera. However, a person’s face in the camera’s field of view does not always indicate an attack. To overcome this limitation, in a novel data collection study (N=16), we analysed the influence of three viewing angles and four distances on the success of shoulder surfing attacks. In contrast to prior works that mainly focused on user authentication, we investigated three common types of content susceptible to shoulder surfing: text, photos, and PIN authentications. We show that the vulnerability of text and photos depends on the observer’s location relative to the device, while PIN authentications are vulnerable independent of the observation location. We then present PrivacyScout – a novel method that predicts the shoulder-surfing risk based on visual features extracted from the observer’s face as captured by the front-facing camera. Finally, evaluations from our data collection study demonstrate our method’s feasibility to assess the risk of a shoulder surfing attack more accurately.
SoK: TEE-Assisted Confidential Smart Contract
Authors: Li Rujia , Wang Qin , Wang Qi , Galindo David , Ryan Mark
Published: July 2022

The blockchain-based smart contract lacks privacy, since the contract state and instruction code are exposed to the public. Combining smart-contract execution with Trusted Execution Environments provides an efficient solution, called TEE-assisted smart contracts (TCSC), for protecting the confidentiality of contract states. However, the combination approaches are varied, and a systematic study is absent. Newly released systems may fail to draw upon the experience learned from existing protocols, such as repeating known design mistakes or applying TEE technology in insecure ways. In this paper, we first investigate and categorize existing systems into two types: the layer-one solution and the layer-two solution. Then, we establish an analysis framework to capture their common aspects, covering desired properties (for contract services), threat models, and security considerations (for underlying systems). Based on our taxonomy, we identify their ideal functionalities, and uncover fundamental flaws and challenges in each specification’s design. We believe that this work would provide a guide for the development of TEE-assisted smart contracts, as well as a framework to evaluate future TCSC systems.
Privacy-Preserving and Efficient Verification of the Outcome in Genome-Wide Association Studies
Authors: Halimi Anisa , Dervishi Leonard , Ayday Erman , Pyrgelis Apostolos , Troncoso-Pastoriza Juan Ramón , Hubaux Jean-Pierre , Jiang Xiaoqian , Vaidya Jaideep
Published: July 2022

Providing provenance in scientific workflows is essential for reproducibility and auditability purposes. In this work, we propose a framework that verifies the correctness of the aggregate statistics obtained as a result of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted by a researcher while protecting individuals’ privacy in the researcher’s dataset. In GWAS, the goal of the researcher is to identify highly associated point mutations (variants) with a given phenotype. The researcher publishes the workflow of the conducted study, its output, and associated metadata. They keep the research dataset private while providing, as part of the metadata, a partial noisy dataset (that achieves local differential privacy). To check the correctness of the workflow output, a verifier makes use of the workflow, its metadata, and results of another GWAS (conducted using publicly available datasets) to distinguish between correct statistics and incorrect ones. For evaluation, we use real genomic data and show that the correctness of the workflow output can be verified with high accuracy even when the aggregate statistics of a small number of variants are provided. We also quantify the privacy leakage due to the provided workflow and its associated metadata and show that the additional privacy risk due to the provided metadata does not increase the existing privacy risk due to sharing of the research results. Thus, our results show that the workflow output (i.e., research results) can be verified with high confidence in a privacy-preserving way. We believe that this work will be a valuable step towards providing provenance in a privacy-preserving way while providing guarantees to the users about the correctness of the results.
The relationship between trade openness, financial development and economic growth: Evidence from Generalized method of moments
Authors: Robeena  , Sumaira
Published: July 2022

This study examines the effect of trade openness and financial development on economic growth four South Asian countries for the period of 1980-2017 using static and dynamic models. The results indicates that stock market development positively effect economic growth. The results validate that all three proxies of stock market perform a significant and positive role in augmenting economic growth in the sample countries. Trade openness, inflation and real interest rate significantly reduce economic growth while saving rise economic growth. The findings of this study have important policy implication for the sample countries regarding rising stock market in order to strengthen economic growth.
Information Managers as Change Agents in achieving Sustainable Development in the 21st Century
Authors: Bakare, Oluwabunmi.D.  , Okuonghae Nosakhare
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of information managers and libraries in accomplishing Nigeria's sustainable development goals in the 21st Century. The paper explored the notion of sustainable development, examines the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including their respective targets. It identifies and discusses the role of libraries and information managers (librarians) in achieving SDGs, as well as the philosophy of information theory of communication as proposed by Claude Shannon (1948).  Libraries all over the world offer a variety of products and services that support the accomplishment of all 17 SDGs. Libraries are secure, friendly spaces at the heart of communities, fostering reading and providing free access to information. Libraries are vital instruments in society, and they play a critical role in accomplishing long-term development goals. Citizens must be well informed if Nigeria's sustainable development goals are to be met and sustained. This can be accomplished by selecting, processing, organizing, and disseminating information based on the parameter of development as indicated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and organizing training programs or forums where issues such education, environmental, climate change, gender inequality and health issues can be discussed, and so on.
Effectiveness of Online Learning Media on Physics Subjects During a Pandemic
Authors: Al-Qoyyim Thufail Mujaddid , Basri Tomi Hasan , Paramitha Reny , Hanim Nurliza , Utari Wiwin Melia , Jamila Siti , Susilawati Susilawati
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out how effective online learning media is in improving high school students' physics learning outcomes during a pandemic. There are regulations from the Ministry of Education and culture regarding the implementation of education during the Covid-19 pandemic which requires distance learning using online learning media. The use of online learning media by developing technology can be a new innovation to further increase the effectiveness of online learning, including in physics subjects. The method used is a literature research and library research using learning literature in the form of scientific articles in journals and books that reveal the effectiveness of online learning media. The results of the research show that digital-based online learning media is quite effective in improving high school students' learning outcomes in physics subjects. With these results, it is hoped that educators (teachers and lecturers) or educational researchers can develop and innovate learning media that are more effective and efficient in improving student learning outcomes, especially in physics subjects
The Relationship Between Reaction Time, Eye-Hand Coordination with Visual Field in Elite Table Tennis Players
Authors: Assar Shirin , Rahavi Ezabadi Rosa , Shojaei Baghini Ahmad , Maleksabet Nazanin
Published: July 2022

: The current study investigates the relationship between simple reaction time, choice reaction time, and eye-hand coordination with peripheral vision in elite female table tennis players. Ten female table tennis players of the Iranian national team with a mean age of 19.7 ± 5.964, in the 18th Asian Games of 2018, Jakarta, participated via convenience sampling. The visual field was evaluated with the Humphrey automated perimetry. Choice and simple reaction time were assessed using Deary-Liewald reaction time tester software. In order to measure eye-hand coordination, the manual test of alternate-hand wall toss was used. Data were analyzed in statistical package for the social sciences using Pearson’s correlation. The results show that there was no significant relationship between simple and choice reaction time with peripheral vision in the left and right eyes. Also, results show that there was no significant relationship between eye-hand coordination with peripheral vision in the left and right eyes (P ≤ 0.05). The findings of this study show that experts in an activity visually searched their environment and located essential information more effectively and efficiently than novices. Therefore, we know that this visual feature is more a function of expertise than visual acuity.
TGFβ1-Pretreated Exosomes of Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cell as a Therapeutic Strategy for Improving Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Salehipour Bavarsad Samaneh , Jalali Mohammad Taha , Bijan Nejad Darioush , Alypoor Behnam , Babaahmadi Rezaei Hossein , Mohammadtaghvaei Narges
Published: July 2022

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising tools for cell treatment and human tissue regeneration, e.g., in liver fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells repair tissue damage through paracrine mediators such as exosomes. Types and concentrations of inflammatory mediators, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ1), in MSCs microenvironment can affect MSCs’ function and therapeutic potency. Objectives: This experimental study aimed to explore the effects of Wharton jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) exosomes on fibrotic gene expression and Smad2/3 phosphorylation (phospho-Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3)). Moreover, we further investigated whether WJ-MSCs pretreatment with different concentrations of TGFβ1 changes the anti-fibrotic properties of their exosomes. Methods: After isolation from the umbilical cord, WJ-MSCs were characterized by observing differentiation and measuring surface biomarkers using flowcytometry. The WJ-MSC-derived exosomes were extracted and identified using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and western blotting. Real-time PCR and western blot for extracellular matrix (ECM) and p-Smad2/3 expression detection were used to investigate the effect of exosomes from untreated and TGFβ1-pretreated WJ-MSCs on activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Results: Phospho-Smad2/3, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and collagen1α1 levels were enhanced following treatment with TGFβ1, whereas E-cadherin was decreased. However, the outcomes were reversed after treatment with WJ-MSC-derived exosomes. Exosomes from TGFβ1-pretreated WJ-MSCs induced a significant decrease in p-Smad2/3 levels in activated HSCs, accompanied by the upregulation of E-cadherin gene expression and downregulation of α-SMA and collagen1α1 when compared to untreated WJ-MSC-derived exosomes. The p-Smad2/3 proteins were significantly decreased (fold change: 0.23, P-value < 0.0001) after exposure to low-dose TGFβ1-pretreated WJ-MSC-derived exosomes (0.1 ng/mL), showing the best effect on activated HSCs. Conclusions: Exosomes derived from untreated WJ-MSCs could regress TGFβ-Smad2/3 signaling and the expression of fibrotic markers in activated LX-2 cells. However, these effects were significantly profound with applying exosomes derived from 0.1 ng/mL TGFβ-pretreated WJ-MSCs. We also observed the dose-response effects of TGFβ on WJ-MSCs-derived exosomes. Therefore, exosomes derived from TGFβ-pretreated WJ-MSCs may be critical in improving fibrosis and benefit liver fibrosis patients.
Challenges of Help-Seeking in Iranian Family Caregivers of Patients with Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hamedani Behzad , Alavi Mousa , Taleghani Fariba , Fereidoonimoghadam Malek
Published: July 2022

Background: The nature of cancer is such that it causes several problems for patients and caregivers. As a vital source of support for patients with cancer, family caregivers must seek assistance and make use of available resources to overcome these issues and offer better care for the patient. Objectives: This study aimed at exploring the challenges of seeking help in Iranian family caregivers of patients with cancer from supportive sources. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from 2019 to 2021 on 15 family caregivers with a wide variety of caring experiences and 13 health professionals (i.e. nurse, physician, social worker, clergyman, and family counselor who were engaged with services for the patient and caregiver) via purposive sampling and semi-structured in-depth interviews in a central cancer care hospital in Isfahan. Graneheim and Lundman's conventional qualitative content analysis approach was used to analyze the data. To assess data trustworthiness, Lincoln and Guba's criteria were used. Data management was performed using MAXQDA (v. 10) software. Results: Four main categories were identified consisted of (1) being strained by social desirability; (2) stigmatizing attitudes toward help-seeking; (3) reactive self-forgetfulness; and (4) resistance to change. Conclusions: The need to develop and implement interventions geared to enhance family caregivers' preferred attitudes and personal skills in order to overcome socio-cultural obstacles to help-seeking behaviors was underlined in this research. Both health care professionals and the community should be prepared to make support services more accessible and usable for family caregivers.
Dark personality traits and the use of sources of guidance at work: a comparison between the United States and Brazil
Authors: Athayde André Luiz Mendes , Torres Claudio Vaz , Thomason Stephanie Jeanne
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The objective of this research was to statistically test significant correlations between dark personality traits and employee’s use of sources of guidance when dealing with different events at work, comparing the United States and Brazil.
Methodology: 220 employees from a Brazilian university and 166 employees from an American university filled out a paper-and-pencil questionnaire comprised of two previously-validated scales. Based on the theoretical review about the constructs, 10 hypotheses were raised to be empirically tested through Pearson correlation (r) tests.
Findings: The dark personality trait Machiavellianism was positively correlated with the use of Informal Rules and negatively correlated with the use of Formal Rules and Procedures as a guidance source at work in the American sample. In addition, the dark personality trait Psychopathy was negatively correlated with the use of Formal Rules and Procedures as a guidance source at work in the Brazilian sample.
Practical implications: The findings have implications for administrators and human resource professionals, who can benefit from knowledge about correlations between dark personality traits and employee’s attitude of relying on sources of guidance at work, especially when it comes to recruiting and selecting processes.
Limitations: Although the research was restricted to correlations, it elaborated a robust ground for causality investigations.
Originality: The investigation involved two countries with a cross-cultural approach. In an international and multicultural scenario, it becomes strategic to deeper investigate specificities of work-related constructs in different nations, aiming at effective and contextualized management practices.
Time to DTR: fan paratextualization about Game of Thrones last season
Authors: Moura Bruno Melo , De Souza-Leão André Luiz Maranhão
Published: July 2022

Purpose: Media products meaning lies on the interpretation of its content. As productive consumers, fans reframe them. In the process, they produce new texts on these products, known as paratexts. The research aims to understand how fan’s paratexts (re)produces discourses to re-signify media products’ (para)texts. For such, we look at fan paratextualization of Game of Thrones (GoT), an economic and cultural phenomenon with huge repercussions on social media.
Design/methodology/approach: Through a Foucauldian Archeology, we collected and analyzed comments posted by GoT fans on promotional videos published on the TV series' official YouTube channel.
Findings: The fans' paratextual production presents different positions on the consumed cultural product: a public tribute highlighting its cultural legacy that is based on feelings of nostalgia and frustration with the conclusion of its plot. We conclude that these paratexts worked as a reckoning for  the TV series’ fans. Broadly, it is possible to interpret paratexts as marketing content that allow fans to act as prosumers of media products, the entertainment industry, and fans' culture.
Originality/value: The study presents how the fans’ productive consumption is materialized through the paratext (re)production that both establish the resonance of media objects in the culture of fans and lead them to assume the role of co-authors of the texts they consume. This role reinforces how fans should be understood as consumers who can act freely in relation to marketing actions. Moreover, it implies that paratexts can be produced to stimulate the discursive production that works as prosumer performance of fans.
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Risk Outcomes:
Authors: Quinn Stephen , Ivy Nahla , Chua Julie , Scarfone Karen , Barrett Matthew , Feldman Larry , Topper Daniel , Witte Gregory , Gardner Robert
Published: July 2022

The increasing frequency, creativity, and severity of technology attacks means that all enterprises should ensure that information and communication technology (ICT) risk is receiving appropriate attention within their enterprise risk management (ERM) programs. Specific types of ICT risk include, but are not limited to, cybersecurity, privacy, supply chain, and artificial intelligence risk. This document provides a framework of outcomes that applies to all types of ICT risk. It complements NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-221, Enterprise Impact of Information and Communication Technology Risk, which focuses on the use of risk registers to communicate and manage ICT risk.
Lo spartano Antalcida, xenos e philos di Artaserse?
Authors: Bianco Elisabetta
Published: July 2022

The article illustrates the career of the Spartan Antalcidas, who between 392 and 367 BC ca. carried out an intense military activity and led several diplomatic missions at the court of the King of Persia. Special attention is given to the analysis of Antalcidas’ diplomatic masterpiece, the common peace of 387/6, which took its name from him. His friendship with the satrap Ariobarzanes, as well as the favor shown to him by king Artaxerxes II (with whom, however, never existed a real bond of xenia), place him among the most prominent Spartan characters in international relations of the first half of the 4th century BC.
Tra Macedoni e Persiani: Ermia di Atarneo
Authors: Gallo Luigi
Published: July 2022

Starting from a passage of Demosthenes’ Fourth Philippic, the essay examines the career of Hermias of Atarneus, in particular the controversial issue of his relationship with Philip II of Macedonia. In this regard, an attempt is made to reject the claim that the arrival of Aristotle at Hermias was desired by Philip to secure a bridgehead for the expedition to Asia, whereas there is no reason to believe that this expedition had already been planned in the first half of the Forties. In fact, it is reasonable to think that the relationship with Hermias, which probably began after Aristotle’s arrival at the Macedonian court in 343, was of no particular importance to Philip.
Le relazioni internazionali degli esuli politici durante l’egemonia spartana: l’esempio degli esuli rodii
Authors: Loddo Rita Laura
Published: July 2022

The aim of this paper is to consider the ways in which political exiles acted in their relations with other states during the first phase of Spartan hegemony and up to the stipulation of the Peace of Antalcidas. It analyses as a case study the actions of those Rhodians who became exiles during the revolts that shook the island in the first decade of the 4th century BC. After a brief introduction, the paper focuses on the contexts that led to the proliferation of exiles in the period under consideration dwelling on the special relationship of mutual support between the Spartan king Agesilaus and the exiles. Then it analyses the case of the Rhodian exiles as an example of the general activism of the political exiles. They presented themselves as groups opposed to the governments in power or to precise policies that these governments supported and resorted to the traditional means of political struggle. By so doing, they broadened the area of political action outside the polis, politicising their exile with strategies that recall, at least embryonically, forms of modern political transnationalism.
Il problema dell’autonomia dei confederati nel contesto di un’alleanza egemonica. Tracce di un dibattito nella demegoria Sul trattato con Alessandro ([Dem.] XVII)
Authors: Poddighe Elisabetta
Published: July 2022

This article offers a reinterpretation of the pseudo-Demosthenic demegory On the Agreements with Alexander that reassesses the legal basis of the arguments offered by the speaker as regards the legal nature of the pacts and Alexander’s violations on this point. According to this interpretation, the Athenian speaker specifically focuses on the violations committed by Alexander as hegemon with respect to the commitments assumed by the Athenians in the symmachia as participants in the koine eirene. The most recent research acquisitions on the question of the attribution of the demegory and the context of its recitation lead to a reconsideration of the legal arguments offered by the speaker about the relationship between the koine eirene and the symmachia. In line with these acquisitions, the argument here proposed is that at the heart of the oration was the claim of the Athenians’ right not to follow unconditionally (ἀκολουθεῖν) the strategic direction taken by the hegemon, immediately after his passage through Asia, and to exit, if necessary, the koine eirene.
Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan dengan Resiliensi Keluarga Penderita Stroke Iskemik Serangan Pertama di RS Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta (RSOMH) Bukittinggi 2022
Authors: Helda Helda , Rusti Sukarsi , Latifa Mira Maryani , Mahkota Renti
Published: July 2022

Penyakit stroke menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggidan merupakan penyumbang ketiga kecacatan secara global.Jenis stroke yang paling umum terjadi di Indonesia adalah strokeiskemik. Sebagian besar penderita stroke mengalami penurunankognitif dan motorik yang menyebabkan keterbatasan padapenderitanya dalam melakukan aktivitas sehingga keluargamemegang peranan penting pada kondisi penderita stroke.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkatpendidikan dengan resiliensi keluarga penderita stroke iskemikserangan pertama. Penelitian ini adalah studi kuantitatif dengandesain penelitian cross-sectional yang menggunakan data primerpada bulan Januari-Februari 2022 di poli rawat inap RumahSakit Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta Bukittinggi (RSOMH). Sampelpenelitian adalah keluarga dan penderita stroke iskemik di RSOMHyang berjumlah 229 orang berdasarkan kriteria inklusi.Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen resiliensi keluarga(RESILIENSI-GA). Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat,analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square dan analisis multivariatmenggunakan Regresi Logistik Multivariat model kausal. Hasilanalisis diperoleh bahwa 66,4% keluarga memiliki skor resiliensisedang dan tinggi. Keluarga pasien yang memiliki tingkatpendidikan tinggi memiliki asosiasi dengan resiliensi keluargayang baik yakni 1,9 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan pendidikanrendah setelah di kontrol variabel sosial ekonomi dan umur (POR1,960, CI 95%: 1,20-1,62). Ketahanan keluarga pada pasienstroke merupakan suatu hal yang penting, mengingat dampakfisik dan psikis yang ditimbulkan oleh stroke. Dalam penelitianini terdapat asosiasi antara pendidikan dengan resiliensi keluarga pasien stroke setelah di kontrol variabel sosial ekonomi dan umur.
Trend of Non-Pharmacological Therapy for First Phase of Active Labor Pain: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gunadi Agus , Adnan Nurhayati , Cahyawati Fitnaningsih Endang , Listyaningrum Tri Hapsari , Sumaryani Sri
Published: July 2022

There are several of non-pharmacological therapies to be used as caring practice to mother with labor pain. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of both single and combination therapy of warm compresses and counter pressure massage (CPM) for the management of labor pain during the first active phase through medical records. This is a pilot study that used a cohort prospective design. The total number of respondents was 90 respondents, divided into 3 groups based on the non-pharmacological therapy that was given by the midwives or nurses. Pain level was measured with NRS 11. The study was conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital from May 2020 to September 2020. A comparative hypothesis analysis was done to compare the Pretest-Posttest of pain level between groups using the Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, and Post hoc Mann-Whitney tests with a significance of p <0.05. There was a reduction of 1.53 pain level of subject who received CPM, 1.16 by received warm compress and 1.67 for those who received combination therapy. It was found there was a significant difference between three groups with p=0.020. It was found that CPM was compared to Warm compress obtained p=0.017, CPM compared to Combination therapy obtained p=0.019, warm compress compared to combination therapy obtained p = 0.396.Combination therapy showed the highest reduction effect toward pain level of First Phase of Active Labor Pain. However, the CPM therapy showed to achieve effectiveness compared to warm compress and combination therapy.
Hubungan Karakteristik Ibu dengan Sikap Responsif Anak
Authors: Nurdiantami Yuri , Shabriyyah Nahda Fini , Riyanti Febilla Dwinanda , Muhammad Ridho Fadhil , Muhayati Diva Annisa
Published: July 2022

Sikap responsif seorang anak terhadap ibunya merupakan salah satu sikap yang akan terbentuk melalui pola pengasuhan. Pola asuh tidak terlepas dari karakterstik dalam diri orang tua, terlebih ibu. Karakteristik tersebut memberi warna dalam pola asuh yang diterapkan pada anak. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, studi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dengan sikap responsif pada anak. Studi ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode online survey dan wawancara yang disertai observasi. Subjek studi sebanyak 88 responden. Sikap responsif anak dilihat dari reaksi yang kuat selama berinteraksi dengan ibu maupun bertutur atau berceloteh dengan ibu atau pengasuh. Sebagian besar responden berusia 18-35 tahun (64,8%), memiliki pendidikan yang rendah dan menengah (85,2%), dan tidak bekerja (84,1%). Hasil uji chi square dan regresi logistik sederhana menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara status pekerjaan ibu dengan sikap responsif anak, dimana anak dari ibu yang bekerja memiliki kemungkinan lebih besar untuk bersikap responsif, baik dilihat dari reaksi yang kuat selama interaksi (OR=3,9; 95% CI=0,998-15,013; p<0,05) maupun bertutur kata dalam 5 detik setelah perkataan ibu (OR=3,5; 95% CI=0,995-12,081; p<0,05). Pada penelitian ini, tidak terbukti adanya hubungan antara usia ibu (p=0.803) dan pendidikan ibu (p=0.066) dengan sikap responsif anak.  Dari hasil studi ini, disarankan bagi ibu yang bekerja untuk mengatur waktu supaya tetap kondusif dalam mengasuh anak karena status ibu bekerja mempengaruhi sikap responsif anak.
Frekuensi dan Mortalitas Pasien Sepsis dan Syok Septik di ICU Rumah Sakit Swasta Tipe B, di Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Wicaksono Abioso , Adisasmita Asri C. , Harijanto Eddy
Published: July 2022

Syok septik, yang didefinisikan sebagai sepsis dengan abnormalitas pada system sirkulasi and selular atau metabolic, masih merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) secara global (20%). Studi kros-seksional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi, faktor risiko syok septik dan mortalitas pada pasien sepsis yang dirawat di ICU di Indonesia. Sampel dikumpulkan dari RS tipe B di Tangerang Selatan, Banten tahun 2020. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari tempat infeksi, komorbiditas: Diabetes Melitus (DM) II, hipertensi, penyakit paru obstruksi kronis dan penyakit ginjal Kronis, asal unit sebelum masuk ICU, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lama rawat di ICU, syok septik dan mortalitas. Prevalens, frekuensi faktor risiko untuk syok septik dan kematian secara umum diantara pasien sepsis di ICU diukur dengan persentase, dan untuk perbedaan karakteristik diukur menggunakan chi-square untuk kemaknaannya. Terdapat 110 pasien di ICU dengan diagnosis sepsis di tahun 2020. Sumber infeksi tertinggi adalah pulmoner (39,1%) dan intra-abdominal (31,8%). Komorbiditas tersering pada pasien sepsis adalah hipertensi (53.6%), diikuti oleh DM (44.5%). Mayoritas lama rawat di ICU adalah melebihi 7 hari (67.3%). Risiko terjadinya syok sepsis tertinggi didapatkan pada para pengguna BPJS1.53 (95%CI, 0.83-2.82), pasien dengan gizi lebih: 1.59 (95%CI, 0.63-4.03), pasien alih rawat dari ruang rawat non-intensif: 2.28 (95%CI, 1.19-4.35), penyakit paru  obstruksi kronis: 1.95 (95%CI, 0.55-6.90), dan penyakit urogenital kronis.: 1.93 (95%CI, 0.78-4.78) dibandingkan dengan referensnya masing-masing. Penelitian serupa di negara LMIC diperlukan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai beban riel karena sepsis dan syok septik secara regional.
Revaksinasi COVID-19 pada Kelompok Lansia dengan Frailty
Authors: Fitriana Ika
Published: July 2022

Penelitian Vera, dkk. menunjukkan bahwa lanjut usia (lansia) merupakan kelompok yang memiliki mortalitas tinggi akibat Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dan didominasi oleh kelompok frail. Lee, dkk. merekomendasikan penggunaan status frailty ini sebagai identifikasi faktor risiko yang bisa dimodifikasi pada kelompok lansia, yang dikaitkan dengan derajat beratnya COVID-19. Frailty dihubungkan dengan respons imunitas yang sudah menurun akibat kegagalan regulasi sistem homeostasis, akibatnya pasien frail rentan terhadap adanya stresor lingkungan dan luaran yang jelek.