bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and fetal fibronectin in the first trimester threatened miscarriage
Authors: Maki Maha Saad , Ali Mohammed Shamil , Rawi Hala Zghair
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Vaginal bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy, accompanied by a positive fetal heart rate and a closed cervix, is medically referred to as a threatened miscarriage. This condition is considered the most common complication within the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. It is important to note that, this condition is a potential indication of danger to the fetus, and therefore; requires immediate medical attention and monitoring. Objectives: To evaluate the association of putative biomarkers matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and fetal fibronectin (fFN) in threatened miscarriage. Patients and Methods: A case-control study on threatened miscarriage was conducted at Alkarama hospital and Ibn al Balady Hospital in Baghdad. Serum levels of fFN and MMP-9 were analyzed in 91 pregnant women with matching gestational ages, divided into two groups of threatened miscarriage (patient: n=30) and healthy pregnant women (control: n=61). The differences in serum concentration of fFN and MMP-9 between the two groups, as well as their correlation with clinical outcomes, were statistically evaluated. Results: There were variations in serum concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase9 between the threatened miscarriage group (49.34±1.08 pg/mL) and the control group (12.19±4.90 pg/mL). Statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.009. FFN levels were found to be higher in the threatened miscarriage patient group (467.85±6.22 pg/mL) compared to the control group (230.66±37.44 pg/mL), with a P-value of 0.003. A positive correlation was observed between MMP-9 and fFN (r=0.877, P=0.001). The 95% confidence interval for fFN was (0.9-0.992) and for MMP-9 was (0.78-0.96). Conclusion: Increased levels of MMP-9 and fFN have been associated with a higher risk of fetal demise.
Rectal perforation as a complication of cystolitholapaxy; a case report
Authors: Zahirian Moghadam Telma , Mohseni Rad Hamed
Published: June 2024

Endoscopic procedures in urology are safe although simple and impossible. We report a rare catastrophic complication of cystolitholapaxy in a patient with severe urethral stenosis. Despite laparotomy one day after cystolitholapaxy because of peritonitis and loop colostomy, the patient died. Hence, the principles of prevention and extra-care and time especially in the abnormal urethra are emphasized.
Association between calcium intake and prostate neoplasm; a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Asgari Savadjani Shahin , Yadollahi Farshad , Maghsoudi Ahmadreza
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death, and the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of calcium use on the risk of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: The current systematic review and meta-analysis used the PRISMA checklist. The search was conducted using databases, including Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar Search Engine, without a time limit until November 22, 2023. The obtained data was analyzed using STATA 14 software. Results: The results obtained from combining 28 observational studies and clinical trials indicated that calcium increased the risk of prostate cancer (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.13). On the other hand, cohort (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.13), cross-control (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.14), cross-sectional (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.29), and randomized controlled trial (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.39) studies indicated a relationship between calcium use and risk of prostate malignancy. Furthermore, calcium increased the risk of prostate cancer in the age group 50 to 59 years (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.24), however no considerable association was noticed between calcium administration and prostate cancer in the age group 60 to 69 years (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.13). The risk of prostate cancer in individuals who used less than 1300 mg calcium per day, those who used 1300 – 2000 mg/d, and those who taken more than 2000 mg calcium per day were (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1, 1.09), (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.26), and (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.48), respectively. Conclusion: Generally, calcium administration increases the risk of prostate cancer in men by 10%, and the risk is enhanced with the increase in dosage of calcium. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID=CRD42023489091) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1787) website.
Comparative effects of candesartan and losartan on mesangial expansion and glomerular volume in diabetes rat model receiving rosmarinic acid therapy
Authors: Samsu Nur , Sakti Pandu Tridana , Rifai Achmad
Published: June 2024

Introduction: An oxidative stress and angiotensin II (Ang II) contribute significantly in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Therefore, interventions targeting these factors are anticipated to significantly contribute to inhibiting the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a combination of rosmarinic acid (RA) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in preventing mesangial expansion and reducing glomerular volume in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: We observed experimental animals, 16 adults male Wistar rats, which were randomly grouped into 4 groups (n=4 per group): negative and positive control groups and diabetic rats treated with RA 75 mg/kg and candesartan 1 mg/kg (treatment group 1) and RA therapy 75 mg/kg and losartan 2.5 mg/kg (treatment group 2). Following 8 weeks of therapy, the renal histology was assessed to evaluate mesangial expansion and glomerular volume. Results: In comparison to the positive control, treatment group 1 demonstrated a significant inhibition of mesangial expansion (MD: -19.92; 95% CI: -21.97, -17.87; P<0.001) and decreased glomerular volume (MD: 2669.06; 95% CI: 2066.31, 3271.80; P<0.001). Similarly, treatment group 2 significantly inhibited mesangial expansion (MD: -19.21; 95% CI: -21.26, -17.16; P<0.001) and decreased glomerular volume (MD: 2488.04; 95% CI: 1885.29, 3090.78; P<0.001) compared to the positive control. While treatment group 1 exhibited better effects than treatment group 2, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In STZ-induced diabetic rats, combination therapy of RA with candesartan or losartan can inhibit mesangial expansion and decrease glomerular volume.
Zilebesiran for treating hypertension; the result of recent findings
Authors: Saljoughian Esfahani Atefeh , Vahdani Yasaman , Peymani Payam , Razmjouei Soha , Ahmadnia Mahdieh , Taghavinejad Hadi , Baharani Jyoti , Bakhshi Maryam
Published: June 2024

Given the pressing need for new medications with minimal adverse effects to address uncontrolled hypertension, this manuscript explores the potential of Zilebesiran as a crucial therapeutic agent. Zilebesiran is an experimental RNA interference drug that shows promise in effectively treating high blood pressure (BP) by decreasing the production of angiotensinogen, a key factor in high BP. It does this by targeting the levels of liver angiotensinogen messenger RNA (mRNA). In a study, a single injection of Zilebesiran demonstrated a noteworthy reduction in BP in individuals with mild-to-moderate hypertension, with sustained effects observed for up to 6 months. Those administered with Zilebesiran were more likely to achieve a 24-hour mean systolic BP of less than 130 mm Hg compared to the control group. The sustained reduction in BP implies that Zilebesiran holds the potential for maintaining consistent BP control, enhancing treatment adherence due to infrequent dosing, and improving outcomes for individuals with hypertension. However, it is important to note that the safety and efficacy of Zilebesiran have yet to be evaluated by regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the European Medicines Agency, or other health authorities. Ongoing research, exemplified by the KARDIA-2 trial, aims to further assess the efficacy and safety of Zilebesiran as a concomitant therapy for adults with hypertension not adequately controlled by standard treatments.
Evaluation of mental health status and some related factors in nurses, midwives, and healthcare providers in hospitals and comprehensive health centers of Hormozgan province of Iran during the COVID-19
Authors: Pormehr-Yabandeh Asiyeh , Zaremoghadam Elahe , Ahmadi Zakieh , Kamali Kobra , Mardanparvar Hossein , Khanchemehr Yaser , Heshmati Hossein
Published: June 2024

Introduction: According to the crucial role of healthcare personnel in providing quality services to clients and patients, maintaining and taking care of their mental health is greatly important during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the health status of nurses, midwives and healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hormozgan province. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a descriptive-analytical approach in which a sample of 368 nurses, midwives, and healthcare providers of Hormozgan university of medical sciences in Iran was selected through simple randomization from May to November 2020. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics and depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21). Data were analyzed using SPSS 22, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests, and Spearman’s rank-ordering correlation coefficient. Results: Out of 368 participants, 347 (94.3%) were female and 21 (5.7%) were male. There were 111 (30.2%) nurses, 209 (56.8%) midwives, and 48 (13%) healthcare providers.14.4% of the participants had a severe level of anxiety and 85.6% suffered from moderate to extremely severe depression. No correlation was found between gender and age with the psychological indicators of the research. Conclusion: Results showed that the multiple stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic caused the incidence of emotional reactions, including depression, anxiety, and stress; further studies and essential intervention proceedings to address them as a health priority seem to be necessary.
Epidemiological study of brucellosis (Malta fever) in the city of Torbat Jam from 2017 to 2022
Authors: Shokoufamanesh Ayuob , Sarbisheh Iman , Safari Hamidreza , Fayazi Mostafa , Niknam Noureddin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Brucellosis, a globally prevalent disease, affects both humans and animals, with notable significance in Iran. While the severity and mortality of this disease are rare, it poses a substantial economic burden due to reduced productivity and livestock abortion. Torbat Jam city has a high prevalence of brucellosis in the region, necessitating an investigation into its epidemiological aspects. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of brucellosis in Torbat Jam city. Materials and Methods: This study examined 5366 cases of brucellosis in the city of Torbat Jam from 2017 to 2022. A comprehensive checklist encompassing variables, such as age, gender, place of residence, occupation, season, history of contact with infected animals, consumption of unpasteurized dairy products, and vaccination history was used for data collection. The t-test was used to compare the means of two groups, while the chi-square test was employed to assess the relationship between categorical variables and grouped numerical variables. A significance level of 0.05 was considered in this study. Results: A total of 5366 cases of Malta fever were analyzed in this study, with male patients comprising 50.40% and female patients accounting for 49.60% of the cases. The mean age of the patients during the study period was 33.18±18.81 years. Brucellosis onset occurred at an average age of 35.39±18.03 years in males and 30.96±19.01 years in females, with a statistically significant difference (P value <0.01). The youngest reported case of brucellosis was 1 year old, while the oldest was 101 years old. The highest disease occurrence (60.8%) was observed in the age group of 15-50 years, with a higher prevalence observed in both genders within this age group. Conclusion: The city of Torbat Jam is considered a high-risk area in terms of brucellosis prevalence. Factors such as rural living, contact with animals and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products significantly contribute to the disease’s spread in these regions. The results underscore the insufficient public awareness regarding brucellosis transmission and prevention, highlighting the urgent need for educational programs to enhance knowledge and awareness among individuals in these areas.
Prevalence and causes of gynecological surgery cancellations at Shariati Bandar Abbas hospital
Authors: Tehranineshat Banafsheh , Zaman samghabadi Nasim , Shahryarpanah Zahra , Eydizadeh Zahra , Raeisi Jaski Roya , Ziaadini Zahra , Barkhordari Ahmadi Farzaneh , Vatankhah Majid , Vahdatnejad Jahanbakhsh , Mardanparvar Hossein , Parsai Najmeh
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Surgery cancellation causes complications such as disrupting the daily schedule of surgery in the operating room, delays in patient care, and potential financial losses for the hospital or surgical center. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and causes of gynecological surgery cancellations at Shariati Bandar Abbas hospital. Patients and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 212 patients in the Shariati hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran, from April to November 2023. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made checklist, including clinical data. To analyze data SPSS version 27 and analytical tests were used. Results: Out of 212 studied patients, the surgery for 67 was canceled, resulting in a surgery canceling prevalence rate of 31.6%. Surgery type, age, history of diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, and other diseases were not risk factors for surgery cancelation (P>0.05); however, cardiovascular disease history, not being nil per os (NPO), and not having surgery consent were independent risk factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the high prevalence of surgery cancellations in Iran’s educational hospitals necessitates a comprehensive and systematic investigation of the factors involved, including patient evaluation, anesthesiologist approval, patient readiness, and the impact on patients’ overall health and well-being.
Lorundrostat may cause a clinically significant decline in renal function; a letter to the editor
Authors: Safari Farzad , Noursina Ali , Vahdani Yasaman , Valizadeh Rohollah , Nasri Hamid
Published: June 2024

Lorundrostat is an aldosterone synthase inhibitor that can be used in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. It effectively lowers blood pressure, but there are concerns about the limited renal safety data available for lorundrostat. In order to address this issue, it is recommended that future research should incorporate more detailed kidney assessments, which would include monitoring for conditions such as proteinuria and acute kidney injury (AKI). This paper discusses the effects of lorundrostat on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and highlights the significant variability in these effects among individuals. The research shows that lorundrostat may cause a decline in eGFR exceeding one standard deviation above the mean change in approximately 16% of patients. In severe cases, 0.2% of patients may experience eGFR declines of ≥42 mL/min/1.73 m². These declines in eGFR could increase chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages, even in those with baseline eGFR >60 or 90 mL/min/1.73 m². In conclusion, while most lorundrostat patients do not experience severe eGFR declines, there is still a risk of clinically meaningful declines and CKD progression, particularly among susceptible individuals. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and identify renal risk factors in uncontrolled hypertension patients who receive aldosterone synthase inhibition.
Obesity-induced diabetic kidney disease-review on pathophysiology and clinical manifestations
Authors: Ravi Harini , Das Soumik , Elumalai Ramprasad , Ramanathan Gnanasambandan
Published: June 2024

Obesity is a leading global disease and a major risk factor for diabetes which in turn causes metabolic diseases like chronic kidney disease (CKD) with increased mortality and morbidity. However, the relationship between obesity and diabetic kidney diseases (DKDs) remains unclear. Numerous factors in obesity lead to insulin resistance through adipocyte dysfunction. Insulin resistance is a major player in developing diabetes and promoting kidney disease. Major inflammatory cytokines and adipokines produced by adipocytes in the obese phase have various metabolic effects on the system leading to metabolic diseases. Even though obesity, diabetes, and kidney disease have a well-known correlation, the progression of DKD induced by obesity remains still unclear. In this review, we tried to understand the major pathophysiological mechanism linking obesity and DKDs. In addition, we also try to discuss the clinical manifestations and various effective therapeutics for future treatment.
Factors affecting the survival of patients with refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Ghazizadeh Maryam , Ghazizadeh Matin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the poor prognostic diseases. It relapses in more than half of young and 85% of old patients. AML patients with good prognosis are candidates for transplantation in the second remission and patients with poor or intermediate prognosis are candidates in the first remission. Objectives: In this study, the survival of patients with AML, and the effect of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were evaluated. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on 30 patients with relapsed and refractory AML who were admitted to Taleghani Hospital. The overall survival (OS) rate and effective factors (WBC count, platelet count, cytogenesis) were determined. Collected data were analyzed by using version 24 of SPSS and via appropriate statistical tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Thirty patients—56% with refractory AML and 43% with relapsed AML—were enrolled in the study. Complete remission was achieved in 23% of patients, the others did not achieve remission despite salvage chemotherapy. Relapse-free survival (RFS) in these patients was 12±1weeks. Only 3% of patients received BMT. There was a statistically significant association between WBC count, platelet count, cytogenesis study, and OS. Conclusion: Relapsed or refractory AML is a disease with a very poor prognosis, despite salvage therapy. So, we recommend that all patients with AML should receive BMT in their first remission.
World AIDS Day: a short look at HIV-associated nephropathy
Authors: Farnam Nia Sadaf , Nasri Hamid , Mazaheri Tehrani Simin , Rouzbahani Shiva
Published: June 2024

December 1 marks World AIDS Day, a global effort to increase awareness and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS can cause various renal complications, including acute renal failure, HIV-associated nephropathy, comorbid chronic renal failure, thrombotic microangiopathy in some cases, and treatment-associated nephrotoxicity. HIV infection of kidney epithelial cells can also affect the glomerular filtration rate through glomerular and tubular injury, developing proteinuria, and direct viral infection. Collapsing glomerulopathy is the most characteristic lesion observed in AIDS-associated nephropathy, presenting as segmental or global collapse of glomerular tufts across with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of podocytes. This glomerulopathy is a variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis detected by mesangial hyperplasia and associated with mesangial matrix expansion and cellularity. As a result of this disease, the tubulointerstitial changes involve the infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages in the interstitial region. As the disease progresses, tubular atrophy and fibrosis become more severe. This study delves into the historical background of AIDS-associated nephropathy, emphasizing its importance in the fight against HIV/AIDS.
The influence of maternal physical activity on gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hassanzadeh Rad Afagh , Fakhre Yaseri Amirhossein , Chatrnour Gelayol
Published: June 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent pregnancy-related complication characterized by abnormal maternal glucose metabolism, leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term health implications. This review aims to investigate the effects of maternal physical activity during pregnancy on various aspects of GDM. It seeks to provide valuable insights into strategies for reducing the risk and severity of GDM, managing complications, and improving the overall health of both mother and fetus during pregnancy. To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across various databases, using specific keywords related to GDM, exercise, physical activity, pregnancy, and gestational diabetes. The findings emphasize the potential of maternal physical activity as a promising strategy for preventing and managing GDM. Personalized exercise programs, supervised by qualified professionals, play a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of exercise during pregnancy. Adopting a holistic approach to GDM management, which includes physical activity, is crucial for enhancing the health outcomes of both the mother and the child. This review contributes to our understanding of the role of exercise in mitigating the risk and severity of GDM and its positive impact on overall maternal and fetal well-being.
Breast cancer in individuals with type 2 diabetes; a mini-review to the recent concepts
Authors: Ebrahimi Rezvan , Saeifar Sanam , Vahdani Yasaman , Moradi Nahid
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Pieces of evidence indicate a relationship between breast cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D) which is a potential risk factor for breast cancer development and progression. Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, inflammatory cytokines, and hormonal factors are possible explanations for this association. T2D may also affect the breast cancer treatment course. Neoplastic cells are more chemo-resistant, and chemotherapy adverse effects are more prominent in patients with diabetes and breast cancer at the same time. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the T2D complications that should be considered prior to choosing a therapeutic protocol for breast cancer patients. Hence, collaboration between oncologists, endocrinologists, and nephrologists is essential to provide comprehensive care for T2D and breast cancer patients.
Management of a newly diagnosed case of myeloma kidney in a recently COVID-19 recovered patient
Authors: Suganya Muthukaruppaiah , Jayaprakash Varadharajan , Duraimavalavan Vasudevan Manimoliyan , George Mathew Gerry , Padmanabhan Raghavan , Sreedhar Sailapathy
Published: June 2024

Multiple myeloma is a malignant monoclonal plasma cell disorder occurring predominantly in the elderly population. Outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are worse in elderly, persons with comorbid conditions such as malignancy and patients who are on immunosuppressive therapy. Here we report a case, in which COVID-19 unravelled the diagnosis of multiple myeloma and myeloma cast nephropathy. Bortezomib-based two drug induction immunosuppression, was given during the peak of second wave of COVID-19, and it resulted in clinical improvement and partial remission of multiple myeloma.
Association of AT1R (A1166C) gene polymorphisms and hypertension: A study in south Indian population and meta-analysis
Authors: Ramakrishnegowda Amulya , Suresh Sandhya , Elumalai Ramprasad , Ravi Harini , Ramanathan Gnanasambandan
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Hypertension is a multi-factorial disease caused by several etiologies. It has been reported that hypertension has been linked to AT1R A1166C polymorphism, but the previous studies in Indian populations remain controversial. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the AT1R A1166C gene polymorphism with the risk of hypertension in the south Indian populations. Patients and Methods: The 179 subjects were considered in the association study utilizing polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) genotyping technique, yielding no significant association in the dominant and allelic models P=0.76 and P=0.76 respectively. Additionally, to determine the relationship between the AT1R gene A1166C polymorphism and hypertension in the Indian population, a metaanalysis was conducted. The retrieved seven case-control studies on Indian populations are conducted to determine how strongly genes are associated using the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan software and significant association was observed in the dominant (AA versus AC+CC, P=0.05), recessive (CC versus AA+AC, P=0.02) and allelic (A versus C, P=0.04) models respectively. Conclusion: The ‘C’ allele is statistically associated with an elevated hypertension risk in Indian populations.
Correlation between MEST-C score in kidney biopsy of IgA nephropathy patients with prognosis
Authors: Sanei Ellahe , Akhond Abolfazl , Ashouri Sina , Arastouei Soudeh , Giri Indira , Mehrdad-Majd Hassan , Saberafsharian Malihe , Miri Maryam
Published: June 2024

Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis, and is the most common type of glomerulopathy which leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Prompt diagnosis of high-risk patients is important to initiate specific treatment early and prevent progression to ESRD. Oxford pathological classification, known as MEST-C score, attempts to predict prognosis based on pathological factors. Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the value of pathological and clinical variables in estimating the prognosis of IgAN in Iranian patients. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 165 specimens were reviewed by a nephropathologist, who reported the MEST-C score after the definitive diagnosis of IgAN. Patient records were reviewed to gather clinical data, including serum creatinine, 24-hour urine protein levels, diagnosis of hypertension and/or diabetes, and any treatment received. The pre-specified endpoints were determined as progression to ESRD, a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to less than 50% of its baseline, performance of renal transplant, or death. The variables were compared in patients who had reached the pre-specified endpoints and those who had not, to estimate their prognostic value. Results: Findings showed that the urinary protein level and T-score on biopsy were significant prognostic factors. Other pathological factors such as C, S, and M scores lost their significance on multivariate analysis. Further research is needed to validate the efficacy of the MEST- C score in different racial populations. Conclusion: In our study, urinary protein level at diagnosis and T-score on biopsy were validated as prognostic factors, while M, E, S and C scores were not deemed significant. Further research is necessary to validate the MEST-C scoring system in different populations before its use in routine clinical practice.
Phlebotomy improves kidney function in pediatric cyanotic nephropathy: A case report
Authors: Puspitasari Henny Adriani , Palupi-Baroto Retno , Muhaimin Riski , Djer Mulyadi M , Zulkifli Callen , Pardede Sudung Oloan
Published: June 2024

Children with cyanotic congenital heart diseases (CCHDs) have several risk factors for the development of several complications, including cyanotic nephropathy (CN). However, due to poor awareness of this problem, CN occasionally progresses to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the long term, kidney cells subjected to chronic hypoxia undergo further damage, which increases the risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. There are no standardized therapeutic approaches for these cases, especially for children, although phlebotomy is an option. Our case demonstrates a 12-year-old boy with an inoperable, complex CCHD and persistent proteinuria with decreased kidney function. After receiving consecutive treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker, the proteinuria did not resolve, and the kidney function deteriorated. Phlebotomy was performed to treat the proteinuria, and the kidney function improved. Within the three months following the first phlebotomy procedure, the patient was less cyanotic and had improved hemodynamic stability. Proteinuria reduction and improvement of estimated glomerular filtration rate were noted; however, the proteinuria gradually worsened after three months. In conclusion, phlebotomy might delay CKD progression in children with CN due to inoperable, complex CCHD. The positive effects in our case were temporary; therefore, repeated therapeutic phlebotomies should be considered.
The effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on kidney stones; a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rahnama Sisakht Ali , Kamkar Parvin , Darzi Mohammad Mehdi , Hamidi Madani Mohammad , Jafari Arismani Rasoul , Gharebakhshi Farshad , Behi Mahdi , Mardanparvar Hossein , Haghighi Ramin
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are among the antidiabetic drugs with unclear relationship effect on kidney stones. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors treatment and kidney calculi incidence using systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: The PRISMA statement was used to write this systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases, including ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, were used to access the resources without a lower time limit until November 5, 2023. Data analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software. Results: Results obtained from six studies with a total of 4963542 participants indicated that SGLT2 inhibitors administration reduced the possibility of kidney calculi in general (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.89), in men (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.98), and women (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.97). SGLT2 inhibitors treatment prevented kidney calculi in cross-sectional studies (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.96), cohort studies (OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.66, 0.77), RCT study (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.86), Japan (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.96), United States (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.67, 0.76), Denmark (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.37, 0.71), compared with DPP4i (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.77), compared with GLP1RA (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.82), compared with other antidiabetic drugs (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.96), and compared with placebo (OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.86). Conclusion: Compared with placebo and other antidiabetic drugs, SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of kidney calculi. However, considering the limited number of investigated studies, more studies in this field are required. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023483132) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1743) websites.
Association between serum vitamin D levels and prostate tumor: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghaderi Reza , Abdollahi Zahra , Hamidi Madani Mohammad , Ghorbani Doshantapeh Anna , Moghimi Boshra , Jarang Mohamad , Rezaei Jalal , Ghaffariyan Shahrzad , Jafari Arismani Rasoul
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Prostate cancer is among the most frequent neoplasms of the male reproductive system, and its relationship with serum vitamin D level is a controversial subject. The present study intended to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of prostate carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the PRISMA tool. The search was conducted in databases Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar Search Engine until December 1, 2023. Data was analyzed using STATA 14 software. Results: There was no significant relationship between serum vitamin D levels lower than 50 nmol/L (vitamin D level <50 nmol/L) and prostate cancer. In Finland, the risk of prostate carcinoma in male individuals with serum vitamin D levels lower than 50 nmol/L was 34% higher (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.54). In South Korea, on the other hand, serum vitamin D levels lower than 50 nmol/L prevented prostate cancer (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90, 0.99). There was no significant relationship between the serum vitamin D levels lower than 50 nmol/L and prostate neoplasm in men aged 60 to 69 years old (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.83, 1.07), in men 50 to 59 years old. On the other hand, serum vitamin D levels lower than 50 nmol/L increased the risk of prostate tumor by 32% (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.55). Furthermore, no significant relationship was observed between serum vitamin D levels higher than 50 nmol/L (vitamin D level ≥ 50 nmol/L) and the risk of prostate cancer (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.14). Conclusion: Generally, there was no significant relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of prostate carcinoma; however, the relationship in some subgroups was statistically significant. We therefore recommend conducting additional studies on this subject. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023491012) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1773) website.
Serum magnesium level in peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Ravanshad Sahar , Mohammadian Mohammad , Taherynejad Mohammadhossein , Lotfi Zahra , Emadzadeh Maryam , Miri Maryam
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Electrolyte imbalances are common among dialysis patients, and disorders related to magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus are particularly concerning. However, comparatively less research is available on disorders related to magnesium ion disorders. Objectives: This paper aims to assess magnesium disorders in patients with renal failure undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited patients who had been undergoing peritoneal dialysis for at least three months. We collected demographic information, body mass index (BMI), drug history, the underlying disease leading to renal failure, duration of dialysis, and serum magnesium level. Additionally, we measured levels of calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), albumin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Results: A total of 91 patients were undergoing peritoneal dialysis, including 41.8% women and 58.2% men, with a mean magnesium level of 2.86±0.53 mg/dL. More than 70% of patients had hypermagnesemia and only one patient suffered from hypomagnesemia. Diabetic patients had a lower magnesium level than non-diabetics (P=0.01). Conclusion: Given the frequent occurrence of electrolyte imbalance in peritoneal dialysis, it may be necessary to regularly monitor electrolyte levels and make appropriate adjustments to both the patient’s diet and electrolyte levels.
A stagerring recovery of an adolescent boy with crescentic glomerulonephritis despite numerous poor prognostic factors following early therapy
Authors: Simsek Behcet
Published: June 2024

Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a frequent, generally benign nephritis of childhood, yet, rarely shows a more aggressive rapidly progressive pattern as crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) histologically. It might end up in irreversible kidney failure, unless diagnosed and started a specific therapy shortly. However, due to the shortage of data for children, adult guidelines for CGN, have still made up the cornerstone of the therapy and management strategies in childhood. There are numerous parameters ending up with a poor outcome; alike elderly child age, male gender, initial severe acute kidney injury, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension and widespread crescents in 100% of glomeruli. This case presented here, reports a unique clinical and histological recovery story of a 13-year-old boy with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis associated rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (PSGN) following a promptly provided aggressive therapy, despite associated serious poor prognostic factors.
Association between vitamin D and bladder neoplasm; a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ghorbani Doshantapeh Anna , Hamidi Madani Mohammad , Khodaparast Ali , Jafari Arismani Rasoul , Matoofi Ardeshir , Heidari Delnia , Abdolmohammadi Golmis , Gharebakhshi Farshad , Vahdatnejad Jahanbakhsh
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Bladder neoplasm ranks as the second most prevalent reproductive system malignancy worldwide. On the other hand, the vitamin D as an anti-cancer agent has been a subject of long-standing speculation. Hence, the objective of this study is to explore the correlation between vitamin D and bladder neoplasm risk. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed following the PRISMA checklist. Eligible studies were identified through searches on ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane, with no time restrictions until November 18, 2023. Data analysis was conducted utilizing the STATA 14 software. Results: Serum vitamin D levels less than 50 nmol/L increased the risk of bladder neoplasm (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.64), muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 1.80, 4.14) and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) (OR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.39, 2.52)). However, the risk of bladder neoplasm in people whose serum vitamin D level was less than 50 nmol/L did not increase with age. Vitamin D serum levels greater than or equal to 50 nmol/L in people aged 40 to 49 (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.99) prevented bladder neoplasm, but no significant association was seen in people over 50 years old. In addition, there was no significant association between daily vitamin D intake and the risk of bladder neoplasm (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.63, 2.06). Conclusion: The serum vitamin D less than 50 nmol/L was correlated with bladder cancer risk increasing, including MIBC and NMIBC. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023487519) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1754) Websites.
Alternatif Akım Mikro-şebekelerde Enerji Depolama Sistemlerinin Konum Optimizasyonu
Authors: Altun Tuncay
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma, üretim yöntemleri ve tüketim davranışlarına göre elektrik üretim maliyetlerini en aza indirmek ve geleneksel üretim profilini düzleştirmek için alternatif akım (AA) mikro-şebekedeki enerji depolama sistemlerinin optimum konumlandırılması problemini ele almaktadır. Dağıtım şebekelerinin fiziksel ve operasyonel kısıtlarının yanında üretim santrallerindeki kısıtlarda probleme dahil edilmiştir. Geleneksel üretim santralleri gibi düzenli üretim aralıklarına sahip santrallerin yanı sıra rüzgâr türbinleri gibi düzensiz üretim aralıklarına sahip yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları da AA mikro-şebeke yapısına dahil edilerek enerji depolama sistemlerinin optimal konumlandırılması problemi genişletilmiştir. Problemin doğrusal ve konveks olmayan kısıtları göz önüne alındığında çözümünü mümkün kılmak için güç akış denklemlerinin bir üst boyut uzayında ifade edilmesi gerekmektedir. Konveks ve doğrusal olmayan güç akış denklemleri ve ikili karar değişkenini içeren enerji depolama sistemlerinin konumlandırılması için karmaşık tam sayılı doğrusal olmayan programlama çerçevesi geliştirilmiştir. Enerji depolama sistemlerinin konumlarının optimum olarak bulunması, geleneksel üreteçlerin üretim profillerinin düzleştirilmesini sağlar ve şebekede enerji sürekliliğinin sağlanmasında kritik rol oynar. Önerilen optimum enerji depolama sisteminin yerleşimi algoritması, IEEE 9-baralı test sistemine uygulanarak performansı doğrulanmıştır.
Building Christian Leadership According to the Book of Esther Based on Mordecai's Inspirational Mentor Model in Esther
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Abraham Jovita Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The implementation of secular leadership values ​​in church ministry can give rise to various problems that impact its integrity and effectiveness. The tendency to pursue quantitative growth and financial success as primary indicators of success can shift the focus away from essential Christian values. In addition, leadership that is not rooted in Christian principles can cause conflict and division within the church body. This research aims to explore the dynamics of Christian leadership that radiate from the story of Mordecai and Esther. This research uses the library research method by analyzing sources relevant to the topics of mentoring, Christian leadership, and the story of Mordecai and Esther. Data were analyzed qualitatively with a focus on Mordecai's role as a mentor, Esther's leadership, and the implications for contemporary Christian leadership. This research produces a 5P mentoring model, based on Mordecai's mentor role to Esther through five main aspects: adoption, care, protection, enlightenment, and strengthening. This is proven to form Esther's leadership character who is brave, wise, faithful and obedient. It is hoped that the findings of this research will help build a Christian leadership model that is effective and relevant to various organizational and community contexts today.
 
Keywords: Esther, Leadership, Mentor, Mordecai
PERAN PERILAKU ORGANISASI DAN MANAJEMEN STRATEGI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS OUTPUT PENDIDIKAN DIMASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Pitri Pitri , Melvia Vera
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research is to find out how the Role of Organizational Behavior and Strategic Management in Increasing Educational Output Productivity During the Covid 19 Pandemic. The type and method in this research is descriptive with qualitative data types and the data sources are scientific articles and books that are used as the basis for literature reviews and discussion ideas. Results in this study Strategic management does have an effect on increasing the productivity of education output if an analysis is carried out first related to the elements that exist in the targeted school. This element includes educators, students, educational facilities, educational equipment, educational environment and methods of delivering education or educational methods. This is done so that the strategies made are able to be implemented properly and there is no spike in drastic changes so that the quality of education is still achieved because it is easy to adapt to the new strategy. That way the results of the evaluation, namely the output of education, show a satisfactory value. Organizational behavior also affects the productivity of education output during the COVID-19 pandemic if members of the organization have good integrity, are not lazy in carrying out educational strategies well, and are committed to educational strategies.
Keywords: Organizational Behavior, Strategic Management, Education Output.
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dalam penelitin ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana Peran Perilaku Organisasi Dan Manajemen Strategi Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Output Pendidikan Dimasa Pandemi Covid 19. Jenis dan metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan jenis data kualitatif dan sumber datanya adalah artikel ilmiah dan buku yang digunakan sebagai landasan tinjauan pustaka dan ide atau gagasan pembahasan. Hasil dalam penelitian ini Manajemen strategik memang berpengaruh terhadap meningkatkan produktivitas dari ouput pendidikan jika dilakukan analisa terlebih dahulu terkait dengan unsur unsur yang ada dalam sekolah yang dituju. Unsur ini meliputi tenaga pendidik, peserta didik, fasilitas pendidikan, peralatan pendidikan, lingkungan pendidikan dan cara penyampaian pendidikan atau metode pendidikan. Hal ini dilakukan agar strategi yang dibuat mampu diterapkan dengan baik dan tidak terjadi lonjakan perubahan yang drastis sehingga mutu pendidikan tetap tercapai karena mudahnya akan adaptasi terhadap strategi yang baru. Dengan begitu hasil dari evaluasi yaitu output pendidikan menunjukan nilai yang memuaskan. Perilaku organisasi juga berpengaruh terhadap peningkatakn produktivitas output pendidikan pada masa pandemi covid19 jika Anggota organisasi terintegritas dengan dengan baik, Tidak malas dalam melaksanakan strategi pendidikan dengan baik, Komitmen terhadap strategi pendidikan.
Kata Kunci : Perilaku Organisasi, Manajemen Strategi, Output Pendidikan.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN WAJIB PAJAK, KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK, TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK PENGGUNA E-COMMERCE
Authors: Yuliani Indira Dwi , Suriyanti Linda Hetri , Azhari Intan Putri
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of taxpayer knowledge, taxpayer awareness, and information technology on taxpayer compliance with e-commerce users. This study uses quantitative research methods, with the data used are primary data and secondary data obtained directly from the respondents. This research was conducted using a survey method that distributes offline questionnaires to MSME taxpayers who have e-commerce in Pekanbaru. Sampling was done by probability sampling technique using the Slovin formula so that the sample obtained was 100 respondents. Hypothesis testing in this study using multiple linear regression analysis. Data testing was carried out with SPSS 21 to obtain the values used to conclude the research results. The results of this study indicate that taxpayer knowledge and information technology affect taxpayer compliance with e-commerce users, while taxpayer awareness has no effect on taxpayer compliance with e-commerce users.
 
Keywords : Taxpayer Knowledge, Taxpayer Awareness, Information Technology, Taxpayer Compliance E-Commerce Users.
 
ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan wajib pajak, kesadaran wajib pajak, dan teknologi informasi terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pengguna e-commerce. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh langsung dari responden. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei yang menyebarkan kuesioner secara offline kepada wajib pajak UMKM yang memiliki e-commerce di Pekanbaru. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik probability sampling dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin sehingga sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 100 responden. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Pengujian data dilakukan dengan SPSS 21 untuk mendapatkan nilai-nilai yang digunakan untuk menyimpulkan hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan wajib pajak dan teknologi informasi berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pengguna e-commerce, sedangkan kesadaran wajib pajak tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak pengguna e-commerce.
 
Kata Kunci :  Pengetahuan Wajib Pajak, Kesadaran Wajib Pajak, Teknologi Informasi, Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Pengguna E-commerce.