bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Environment, Social, and Governance Performance in Shaping Corporate Current and Future Value: The Case of Global Tech Leaders
Authors: Kong Lingfu , Akbar Minhas , Poulova Petra
Published: August 2023

Corporations that prioritize Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations tend to have a more sustainable approach to business operations with a lower impact on the environment and society. Extant literature is available on the impact of ESG on firm performance, risk-taking, profitability, the cost of capital, cash flows, and default risk. However, very little is known about the role of ESG performance in shaping the current and future value of a corporation. Similarly, hi-tech firms, being a part of the rapidly growing sector of the world, are facing greater scrutiny from investors, regulators, and consumers to demonstrate their commitment to sustainability and social responsibility. This paper investigates the effect of ESG performance on the corporate present and future value of top global tech leaders for a period of eight years (2010 to 2017). Panel data techniques such as the fixed effects model and random effects model based on the Hausman test were used to observe this relationship. Earnings per share (EPS) and the price-to-earnings ratio (PE ratio) were used as a measure of firm current and future value, respectively. The results revealed that ESG has a significantly positive association with both proxies of corporate value of the top global tech companies. However, as compared to EPS, it had a more pronounced impact on the PE ratio of the sampled firms. Unlike many earlier studies that claimed that the ESG score impacts firm performance in the corresponding period, the present research is novel, as it asserts that investors are not only benefiting from firms’ higher investment in ESG through an increase in EPS but are also highly optimistic about the future performance of the firm and thus are paying more for each dollar of earnings. These finding contribute to the existing body of literature on the ESG and firm value nexus and are supported by the stakeholder theory of corporate social responsibility. Thus, policymakers for the tech sector should pay keen attention to firms’ ESG performance to earn the long-term trust of shareholders.
A Novel Mathematical Model for Repairing Rough Cracks Using the Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation (MICP)
Authors: Zhang Simiao , Wang Shuhong , Ahmed Zulkifl , Zhao Xin
Published: August 2023

Concrete cracks have an adverse effect on the strength properties and durability of concrete structures. Therefore, repairing concrete cracks to recover the concrete’s strength parameters is an important task in the civil engineering field. For repairing concrete cracks, the MICP technique has been widely analyzed in recent times; however, no research has been conducted to deeply investigate the repair effects of MICP on concrete cracks with a rough surface using a theoretical model. In the current research, MICP with a novel mathematical model was conducted considering the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), ureolysis, suspended biomass, geochemistry, transport of solutes, and biofilm growth. Furthermore, crack repair experiments were performed to assess the performance of the new mathematical model. The results revealed that the calculated concentrations of suspended biomass in cracks gradually decreased during the test. The comparison between the experimental results and calculated results verified the precision of the migration behavior of the suspended biomass. At the inlet, the solute concentrations and volume fractions of biofilm were higher, causing an increase in the productive rates of calcium carbonate. The consumed concentrations of solutes were higher for cracks with a smoother surface, eventually leading to smaller values of sonic time; the upper parts of the cracks also had smaller values of sonic time, showing good repair effects. The proposed mathematical model provides a better solution to control the repair time and microbial metabolism process, allowing for adjustive bioremediation and biomineralization of concrete, which could provide a firm basis for the remediation of materials in the civil engineering field.
Perception of Future Spanish Primary Education Teachers on Their Multicultural and Multilingual Competencies and the Sustainability of the Educational System
Authors: del-Olmo-Ibáñez María-Teresa , Medina-Beltrán María-Fernanda , Rovira-Collado José
Published: August 2023

The objectives of this article are, first, to assess the self-awareness that future primary school teachers have on their role in integrating international students into school and society; second, to determine the importance they give to multiculturalism and multilingualism to develop the communicative competence of their international students. This work is an extension of previous research, started in 2019, with the overall objective of analyzing the sustainability of education systems regarding their current cultural and linguistic diversity. The research question is whether future primary teachers know both assessed aspects. The main problem lies in the initial training in the national language. Its initial design contemplated a context where all students were native speakers. However, the percentage of students with different cultural and linguistic backgrounds has continued to increase. Therefore, communicative competence is crucial for their academic and social inclusion. Through quantitative methodology, the future primary education teachers participated in a survey that addressed these issues. The results demonstrated that training in this aspect makes them aware of their role as mediators and social agents for inclusion. According to the findings, revising initial teacher training in didactics of the language is crucial.
The Chen Autoregressive Moving Average Model for Modeling Asymmetric Positive Continuous Time Series
Authors: Stone Renata F. , Loose Laís H. , Melo Moizés S. , Bayer Fábio M.
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we introduce a new dynamic model for time series based on the Chen distribution, which is useful for modeling asymmetric, positive, continuous, and time-dependent data. The proposed Chen autoregressive moving average (CHARMA) model combines the flexibility of the Chen distribution with the use of covariates and lagged terms to model the conditional median response. We introduce the CHARMA structure and discuss conditional maximum likelihood estimation, hypothesis testing inference along with the estimator asymptotic properties of the estimator, diagnostic analysis, and forecasting. In particular, we provide closed-form expressions for the conditional score vector and the conditional information matrix. We conduct a Monte Carlo experiment to evaluate the introduced theory in finite sample sizes. Finally, we illustrate the usefulness of the proposed model by exploring two empirical applications in a wind-speed and maximum-temperature time-series dataset.
Generalized Polynomials and Their Unification and Extension to Discrete Calculus
Authors: Cichoń Mieczysław , Silindir Burcu , Yantir Ahmet , Gergün Seçil
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we introduce a comprehensive and expanded framework for generalized calculus and generalized polynomials in discrete calculus. Our focus is on (q;h)-time scales. Our proposed approach encompasses both difference and quantum problems, making it highly adoptable. Our framework employs forward and backward jump operators to create a unique approach. We use a weighted jump operator α that combines both jump operators in a convex manner. This allows us to generate a time scale α, which provides a new approach to discrete calculus. This beneficial approach enables us to define a general symmetric derivative on time scale α, which produces various types of discrete derivatives and forms a basis for new discrete calculus. Moreover, we create some polynomials on α-time scales using the α-operator. These polynomials have similar properties to regular polynomials and expand upon the existing research on discrete polynomials. Additionally, we establish the α-version of the Taylor formula. Finally, we discuss related binomial coefficients and their properties in discrete cases. We demonstrate how the symmetrical nature of the derivative definition allows for the incorporation of various concepts and the introduction of fresh ideas to discrete calculus.
A Systematic Literature Review on Identifying Patterns Using Unsupervised Clustering Algorithms: A Data Mining Perspective
Authors: Chaudhry Mahnoor , Shafi Imran , Mahnoor Mahnoor , Vargas Debora Libertad Ramírez , Thompson Ernesto Bautista , Ashraf Imran
Published: August 2023

Data mining is an analytical approach that contributes to achieving a solution to many problems by extracting previously unknown, fascinating, nontrivial, and potentially valuable information from massive datasets. Clustering in data mining is used for splitting or segmenting data items/points into meaningful groups and clusters by grouping the items that are near to each other based on certain statistics. This paper covers various elements of clustering, such as algorithmic methodologies, applications, clustering assessment measurement, and researcher-proposed enhancements with their impact on data mining thorough grasp of clustering algorithms, its applications, and the advances achieved in the existing literature. This study includes a literature search for papers published between 1995 and 2023, including conference and journal publications. The study begins by outlining fundamental clustering techniques along with algorithm improvements and emphasizing their advantages and limitations in comparison to other clustering algorithms. It investigates the evolution measures for clustering algorithms with an emphasis on metrics used to gauge clustering quality, such as the F-measure and the Rand Index. This study includes a variety of clustering-related topics, such as algorithmic approaches, practical applications, metrics for clustering evaluation, and researcher-proposed improvements. It addresses numerous methodologies offered to increase the convergence speed, resilience, and accuracy of clustering, such as initialization procedures, distance measures, and optimization strategies. The work concludes by emphasizing clustering as an active research area driven by the need to identify significant patterns and structures in data, enhance knowledge acquisition, and improve decision making across different domains. This study aims to contribute to the broader knowledge base of data mining practitioners and researchers, facilitating informed decision making and fostering advancements in the field through a thorough analysis of algorithmic enhancements, clustering assessment metrics, and optimization strategies.
Decision-Making on Selection of Talent Management Methods in the Era of Digitalization
Authors: Cai Lihong , Ji Ying , Wijekoon Chethana , Yuan Yangyun
Published: August 2023

The application of digital technologies has a significant impact on organizational performance by way of different talent management methods, thereby enabling the maintenance of the organization’s continuous competitive advantage. Therefore, this paper studied the four key factors that influence organizational performance: digital technology application (DTA), inclusive talent management (ITM), exclusive talent management (ETM), and non-equilibrium investment (NET), aiming to investigate how digital technology application and talent management methods positively affect organizational performance, explore how this relationship is regulated by NET, and provides suggestions for selecting appropriate talent management methods. To conduct quantitative analysis, questionnaires were used with a sample size of 534 middle and senior managers as well as human resources practitioners from different enterprises. The structural equation model (SEM) was employed along with 5000 iterations to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate a positive correlation between digital technology application and organizational performance. Furthermore, ITM and ETM act as intermediaries between digital technology application and organizational performance, whereas NET plays a regulatory role in relation to ITM and organizational performance. This paper offers comprehensive insights into the factors influencing organizational performance and sheds light on how organizations make decisions regarding data-driven talent management methods at different stages of development.
Antagonistic Activity of Oroxylin A against Fusarium graminearum and Its Inhibitory Effect on Zearalenone Production
Authors: Zhou Luli , Hou Guanyu , Zhou Hanlin , Abouelezz Khaled , Ye Yuxiu , Rao Jun , Guan Song , Wang Dingfa
Published: August 2023

Fusarium graminearum produces zearalenone (ZEA), a mycotoxin that is widely found in food and feed products and is toxic to humans and livestock. Piper sarmentosum extract (PSE) inhibits F. graminearum, and Oroxylin A appears to be a major antifungal compound in PSE. The aim of this study is to quantify the Oroxylin A content in PSE using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, and to investigate the antagonistic activity of Oroxylin A against F. graminearum and its inhibitory effect on ZEA production. The results indicate that Oroxylin A inhibits both fungal growth and ZEA production in a dose-dependent manner. Oroxylin A treatment downregulated the mRNA expression of zearalenone biosynthesis protein 1 (ZEB1) and zearalenone biosynthesis protein 2 (ZEB2). The metabolomics analysis of F. graminearum mycelia indicated that the level of ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) deceased (p < 0.05) after Oroxylin A treatment (64–128 ng/mL). Moreover, as the Oroxylin A treatment content increased from 64 to 128 ng/mL, the levels of cis-aconitate (p < 0.05) and fumarate (p < 0.01) were upregulated successively. A correlation analysis further showed that the decreased R5P level was positively correlated with ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression, while the increased cis-aconitate and fumarate levels were negatively correlated with ZEB1 and ZEB2 expression. These findings demonstrate the potential of Oroxylin A as a natural agent to control toxigenic fungi and their mycotoxin.
Establishment of SV40 Large T-Antigen-Immortalized Yak Rumen Fibroblast Cell Line and the Fibroblast Responses to Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Wang Junmei , Yue Ziqi , Che Li , Li Hui , Hu Rui , Shi Liyuan , Zhang Xiaohong , Zou Huawei , Peng Quanhui , Jiang Yahui , Wang Zhisheng
Published: August 2023

The yak lives in harsh alpine environments and the rumen plays a crucial role in the digestive system. Rumen-associated cells have unique adaptations and functions. The yak rumen fibroblast cell line (SV40T-YFB) was immortalized by introducing simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40T) by lentivirus-mediated transfection. Further, we have reported the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of different concentrations on cell proliferation, extracellular matrix (ECM), and proinflammatory mediators in SV40T-YFB. The results showed that the immortalized yak rumen fibroblast cell lines were identified as fibroblasts that presented oval nuclei, a fusiform shape, and positive vimentin and SV40T staining after stable passage. Chromosome karyotype analysis showed diploid characteristics of yak (n = 60). LPS at different concentrations inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. SV40T-YFB treated with LPS increased mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator system components (uPA, uPAR). LPS inhibits the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2), plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), fibronectin (FN), anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and collagen I (COL I) in SV40T-YFB. Overall, these results suggest that LPS inhibits cell proliferation and induces ECM degradation and inflammatory response in SV40T-YFB.
Beauvericin Immunotoxicity Prevention by Gentiana lutea L. Flower In Vitro
Authors: Di Matteo Giacomo , Cimbalo Alessandra , Manyes Lara , Mannina Luisa
Published: August 2023

Beauvericin (BEA) is an emerging mycotoxin produced by some species of Fusarium genera that widely contaminates food and feed. Gentiana lutea is a protected medicinal plant known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which are attributed to its rich content of bioactive compounds. In order to evaluate the beneficial effects of G. lutea flower against BEA cytotoxicity, the aim of this study is to evaluate changes in protein expression after Jurkat cell exposure through a proteomics approach. To carry out the experiment, cells were exposed to intestinally digested G. lutea flower alone or in combination with the BEA standard (100 nM) over 7 days. Differentially expressed proteins were statistically evaluated (p < 0.05), revealing a total of 172 proteins with respect to the control in cells exposed to the BEA standard, 145 proteins for G. lutea alone, and 139 proteins when exposing the cells to the combined exposure. Bioinformatic analysis revealed processes implicated in mitochondria, ATP-related activity, and RNA binding. After careful analysis of differentially expressed proteins, it was evident that G. lutea attenuated, in most cases, the negative effects of BEA. Furthermore, it decreased the presence of major oncoproteins involved in the modulation of immune function.
Mucosal Application of a Low-Energy Electron Inactivated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Shows Protective Efficacy in an Animal Model
Authors: Eberlein Valentina , Ahrends Mareike , Bayer Lea , Finkensieper Julia , Besecke Joana Kira , Mansuroglu Yaser , Standfest Bastian , Lange Franziska , Schopf Simone , Thoma Martin , Dressman Jennifer , Hesse Christina , Ulbert Sebastian , Grunwald Thomas
Published: August 2023

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in the elderly and in children, associated with pediatric hospitalizations. Recently, first vaccines have been approved for people over 60 years of age applied by intramuscular injection. However, a vaccination route via mucosal application holds great potential in the protection against respiratory pathogens like RSV. Mucosal vaccines induce local immune responses, resulting in a fast and efficient elimination of respiratory viruses after natural infection. Therefore, a low-energy electron irradiated RSV (LEEI-RSV) formulated with phosphatidylcholine-liposomes (PC-LEEI-RSV) was tested ex vivo in precision cut lung slices (PCLSs) for adverse effects. The immunogenicity and protective efficacy in vivo were analyzed in an RSV challenge model after intranasal vaccination using a homologous prime-boost immunization regimen. No side effects of PC-LEEI-RSV in PCLS and an efficient antibody induction in vivo could be observed. In contrast to unformulated LEEI-RSV, the mucosal vaccination of mice with PC formulated LEEI-RSV showed a statistically significant reduction in viral load after challenge. These results are a proof-of-principle for the use of LEEI-inactivated viruses formulated with liposomes to be administered intranasally to induce a mucosal immunity that could also be adapted for other respiratory viruses.
Mining Public Data to Investigate the Virome of Neglected Pollinators and Other Floral Visitors
Authors: de Santana Sabrina Ferreira , Santos Vinícius Castro , Lopes Ícaro Santos , Porto Joel Augusto Moura , Mora-Ocampo Irma Yuliana , Sodré George Andrade , Pirovani Carlos Priminho , Góes-Neto Aristóteles , Pacheco Luis Gustavo Carvalho , Fonseca Paula Luize Camargos , Costa Marco Antônio , Aguiar Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha
Published: August 2023

This study reports the virome investigation of pollinator species and other floral visitors associated with plants from the south of Bahia: Aphis aurantii, Atrichopogon sp., Dasyhelea sp., Forcipomyia taiwana, and Trigona ventralis hoozana. Studying viruses in insects associated with economically important crops is vital to understand transmission dynamics and manage viral diseases that pose as threats for global food security. Using literature mining and public RNA next-generation sequencing data deposited in the NCBI SRA database, we identified potential vectors associated with Malvaceae plant species and characterized the microbial communities resident in these insects. Bacteria and Eukarya dominated the metagenomic analyses of all taxon groups. We also found sequences showing similarity to elements from several viral families, including Bunyavirales, Chuviridae, Iflaviridae, Narnaviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Totiviridae, and Xinmoviridae. Phylogenetic analyses indicated the existence of at least 16 new viruses distributed among A. aurantii (3), Atrichopogon sp. (4), Dasyhelea sp. (3), and F. taiwana (6). No novel viruses were found for T. ventralis hoozana. For F. taiwana, the available libraries also allowed us to suggest possible vertical transmission, while for A. aurantii we followed the infection profile along the insect development. Our results highlight the importance of studying the virome of insect species associated with crop pollination, as they may play a crucial role in the transmission of viruses to economically important plants, such as those of the genus Theobroma, or they will reduce the pollination process. This information may be valuable in developing strategies to mitigate the spread of viruses and protect the global industry.
Host Membranes as Drivers of Virus Evolution
Authors: Matveeva Mélanie , Lefebvre Marine , Chahinian Henri , Yahi Nouara , Fantini Jacques
Published: August 2023

The molecular mechanisms controlling the adaptation of viruses to host cells are generally poorly documented. An essential issue to resolve is whether host membranes, and especially lipid rafts, which are usually considered passive gateways for many enveloped viruses, also encode informational guidelines that could determine virus evolution. Due to their enrichment in gangliosides which confer an electronegative surface potential, lipid rafts impose a first control level favoring the selection of viruses with enhanced cationic areas, as illustrated by SARS-CoV-2 variants. Ganglioside clusters attract viral particles in a dynamic electrostatic funnel, the more cationic viruses of a viral population winning the race. However, electrostatic forces account for only a small part of the energy of raft-virus interaction, which depends mainly on the ability of viruses to form a network of hydrogen bonds with raft gangliosides. This fine tuning of virus-ganglioside interactions, which is essential to stabilize the virus on the host membrane, generates a second level of selection pressure driven by a typical induced-fit mechanism. Gangliosides play an active role in this process, wrapping around the virus spikes through a dynamic quicksand-like mechanism. Viruses are thus in an endless race for access to lipid rafts, and they are bound to evolve perpetually, combining speed (electrostatic potential) and precision (fine tuning of amino acids) under the selective pressure of the immune system. Deciphering the host membrane guidelines controlling virus evolution mechanisms may open new avenues for the design of innovative antivirals.
An Integrated Research–Clinical BSL-2 Platform for a Live SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assay
Authors: Zou Jing , Kurhade Chaitanya , Chang Hope C. , Hu Yanping , Meza Jose A. , Beaver David , Trinh Ky , Omlid Joseph , Elghetany Bassem , Desai Ragini , McCaffrey Peter , Garcia Juan D. , Shi Pei-Yong , Ren Ping , Xie Xuping
Published: August 2023

A reliable and efficient serological test is crucial for monitoring neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern (VOCs). Here, we present an integrated research–clinical platform for a live SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay, utilizing highly attenuated SARS-CoV-2 (Δ3678_WA1-spike). This strain contains mutations in viral transcription regulation sequences and deletion in the open-reading-frames 3, 6, 7, and 8, allowing for safe handling in biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) laboratories. Building on this backbone, we constructed a genetically stable reporter virus (mGFP Δ3678_WA1-spike) by incorporating a modified green fluorescent protein sequence (mGFP). We also constructed mGFP Δ3678_BA.5-spike and mGFP Δ3678_XBB.1.5-spike by substituting the WA1 spike with variants BA.5 and XBB.1.5 spike, respectively. All three viruses exhibit robust fluorescent signals in infected cells and neutralization titers in an optimized fluorescence reduction neutralization assay that highly correlates with a conventional plaque reduction assay. Furthermore, we established that a streamlined robot-aided Bench-to-Clinics COVID-19 Neutralization Test workflow demonstrated remarkably sensitive, specific, reproducible, and accurate characteristics, allowing the assessment of neutralization titers against SARS-CoV-2 variants within 24 h after sample receiving. Overall, our innovative approach provides a valuable avenue for large-scale testing of clinical samples against SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs at BSL-2, supporting pandemic preparedness and response strategies.
Envelope Recombination: A Major Driver in Shaping Retroviral Diversification and Evolution within the Host Genome
Authors: Chabukswar Saili , Grandi Nicole , Lin Liang-Tzung , Tramontano Enzo
Published: August 2023

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are integrated into host DNA as the result of ancient germ line infections, primarily by extinct exogenous retroviruses. Thus, vertebrates’ genomes contain thousands of ERV copies, providing a “fossil” record for ancestral retroviral diversity and its evolution within the host genome. Like other retroviruses, the ERV proviral sequence consists of gag, pro, pol, and env genes flanked by long terminal repeats (LTRs). Particularly, the env gene encodes for the envelope proteins that initiate the infection process by binding to the host cellular receptor(s), causing membrane fusion. For this reason, a major element in understanding ERVs’ evolutionary trajectory is the characterization of env changes over time. Most of the studies dedicated to ERVs’ env have been aimed at finding an “actual” physiological or pathological function, while few of them have focused on how these genes were once acquired and modified within the host. Once acquired into the organism, genome ERVs undergo common cellular events, including recombination. Indeed, genome recombination plays a role in ERV evolutionary dynamics. Retroviral recombination events that might have been involved in env divergence include the acquisition of env genes from distantly related retroviruses, env swapping facilitating multiple cross-species transmission over millions of years, ectopic recombination between the homologous sequences present in different positions in the chromosomes, and template switching during transcriptional events. The occurrence of these recombinational events might have aided in shaping retroviral diversification and evolution until the present day. Hence, this review describes and discusses in detail the reported recombination events involving ERV env to provide the basis for further studies in the field.
Burden of HPV-Related Hospitalization in Germany from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Tampakoudis Georgios , Anastasiou Olympia E.
Published: August 2023

HPV has been linked to the development of precancerous and cancerous lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the burden of HPV-related hospitalization in Germany from 2000 to 2021 and the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on it. Methods: We performed a retrospective query using data from the German Statistical Office from 2000 to 2021, including hospital admission, inpatient mortality and hospital stay length data on cervical cancer/dysplasia, female genitourinary tract, anal, penile, head and neck cancers. Results: The HPV-attributable hospitalization rate per 100,000 inhabitants in Germany has decreased over time, from 89 cases in 2000 to 60 in 2021, with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of −1.93 (CI −2.08–−1.79, p < 0.05). The same trend was observed for the average hospital stay, which declined from 9 to 7 days, with an AAPC of −1.33 (CI −1.52–−1.21, p < 0.05). An undulating but overall slightly declining pattern was observed for the inpatient mortality (AAPC −0.92, CI −1.21–−0.64, p < 0.05). We observed a reduction in the hospitalization rates for invasive and non-invasive cervical cancer, which was observed in almost all age groups and in all German federal states. Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the trends in HPV-related hospitalizations over the past two decades. The decline in hospitalization rates for cervical cancer and dysplasia suggests the potential efficacy of the HPV vaccination and screening programs.
Integrative Taxonomic Reappraisal and Evolutionary Biogeography of the Most Diverse Freshwater Mussel Clade from Southeast Asia (Pseudodontini)
Authors: Bolotov Ivan N. , Konopleva Ekaterina S. , Vikhrev Ilya V. , Gofarov Mikhail Y. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Lyubas Artem A. , Soboleva Alena A. , Chan Nyein , Lunn Zau , Win Than , Inkhavilay Khamla
Published: August 2023

Freshwater mussels belonging to the tribe Pseudodontini (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Gonideinae) play a keystone role in riverine and lacustrine environments throughout Southeast Asia. Many of them are narrowly endemic and habitat specialists, which need special conservation efforts. Unfortunately, the systematics of this group is rather poorly understood. Here, we show that Pseudodon inoscularis, the type species of the genus Pseudodon, belongs to the eastern clade of the tribe (Southeast Asia, east of the Salween Basin), and, more certainly, clusters with members of the genus Monodontina. Hence, the latter genus becomes a synonym of Pseudodon, while the subtribe Pseudodontina (=Pilsbryoconchina syn. nov.) should be used as a name for the eastern clade. In turn, the genus Indopseudodon stat. rev. and the subtribe Indopseudodontina subtr. nov. must be applied as valid names for the western clade of the Pseudodontini (Ayeyarwady to Salween). We present a revision of the genus Indopseudodon with an updated synonymy and a description of a new species, I. indawgyiensis sp. nov. We also link four species-level genetic lineages from the Mekong to available taxonomic names in the genera Pseudodon and Sundadontina (Pseudodon cambodjensis, P. vagulus, Sundadontina harmandi, and S. sulcata). Based on morphological features, we revise the taxonomic position of several recent and fossil species that were traditionally placed in the Pseudodontini and transfer them to the genera Parvasolenaia, Pseudodontopsis, Ptychorhynchus, Simpsonasus nom. nov. (a new name for Nasus Simpson, 1900) (Gonideinae: Gonideini), Pseudobaphia (Unioninae: Unionini), Balwantia and Lamellidens (Parreysiinae: Lamellidentini).
Viability of Reclaiming Municipal Wastewater for Potential Microalgae-Based Biofuel Production in the U.S.
Authors: Wu May , McBride Sarah , Ha Miae
Published: August 2023

Reclaimed municipal wastewater is a crucial component in biofuel production, especially in regions experiencing increasing freshwater scarcity. However, accurately estimating the potential for fuel production is challenging because of the uneven distribution of biofuel feedstock regions and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study assesses the viability of using reclaimed municipal water for algal biomass production in pond systems co-located with WWTPs under scenarios driven by biomass production and based on water transport logistics. We performed state- and county-level analysis of reclaimed water resources throughout the United States based on WWTP facility data. We overlaid these data onto estimated algae facility sites and examined the temporal resource availability to address seasonal variations in cultivation demand. Our findings reveal that 2694 billion liters per year of reclaimed water could potentially be used to produce 42.2 million metric tons (ash-free dry weight) of algal biomass, equivalent to 29.2 billion liters of renewable diesel equivalent (RDe). The use of reclaimed water would double current national water reuse and expand such reuse significantly in 455 counties across the United States. However, when we limit the construction of algae facilities to counties that can fully meet their water demand in order to minimize water transport burdens, the available supply decreases by 80%, to 512 billion liters, resulting in annual production of 12.2 billion liters of RDe, which still doubles current biodiesel production. Our analysis highlights the degree to which the location and flow of WWTPs and water transport affect the deployment of algae biofuel facilities and tradeoffs. These findings underscore the importance of improving the current WWTP infrastructure for reclaimed water reuse, especially in southern states.
A Bayesian Network-Based Inhibition Model of the Rainstorm–Landslide–Debris Flow Disaster Chain in Mountainous Areas: The Case of the Greater Bay Area, China
Authors: Xiao Ping , Wang Ting , Tian Yu , Xie Xinmin , You Jinjun , Tan Xinru , Chen He
Published: August 2023

In this study, a Bayesian network (BN)-based inhibition model is developed for the rainstorm–landslide–debris flow (R-L-D) disaster chain in the mountainous area of the Greater Bay Area (GBA), China, using the historical disaster data. Twelve nodes are selected for the inhibition model, which are classified into four types, including Hazardous Factor, Response Operation, Disaster Evolution, and Disaster Result. By combining the proposed inhibition with the scenario analysis method, the probabilities of the BN nodes under different rainfall scenarios are analyzed, and then the inhibitory effects of the environmental geological conditions and rescue speed on the R-L-D disaster chain under the most unfavorable rainfall scenario are investigated. On this basis, an inhibition framework consisting of the early warning, inhibition, and measures layers is proposed for the R-L-D disaster chain. The results reveal that under the most unfavorable rainfall scenarios, where the rainfall intensity is greater than 100 mm/d and the rainfall duration is greater than 24 h, the probability of landslides and debris flow is 0.930 and 0.665, respectively. Improving the environmental geological conditions such as slope, lithology and geological structure can greatly inhibit the occurrence of the R-L-D disaster chain. Moreover, the improvement of geological structure conditions is the most significant, and reduces the probability of landslides and debris flow by 0.684 and 0.430, respectively, as well as reducing the probability of death and direct economic loss by 0.411 and 0.619, respectively. Similarly, increasing the rescue speed leads to a reduction in the probability of death and direct economic loss by 0.201 and 0.355, respectively. This study can provide theoretical and practical insights into the prevention and inhibition of the R-L-D disaster chain.
Characteristics of Hydrogen–Oxygen Isotopes and Water Vapor Sources of Different Waters in the Ili Kashi River Basin
Authors: Abudouwaili Zilalai , Yang Yuhui , Feng Xiancheng
Published: August 2023

The Ili Kashi River Basin is an area with relatively abundant precipitation within the arid region of Northwest China. Using water samples from atmospheric precipitation, surface water, groundwater, and snow meltwater in the basin from July 2018 to June 2021, the isotope characteristics of the different water bodies in the study area were determined from the perspectives of altitude, season, and interannual changes. Combined with the meteorological data on precipitation and the HYSPLIT model, the water vapor sources of atmospheric precipitation in the Ili Kashi River Basin were tracked and analyzed. Studying the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in the different water bodies in this area can provide substantial scientific support for the generation, development, and change processes of river water resources in Northwest China, and has practical significance for the utilization of water resources. The results derived are as follows. (1) Hydrogen–oxygen isotope changes in the Ili Kashi River Basin were broadly characterized by a continuous enrichment from low-to-high elevations in the summer to a maximum value, followed by gradual depletion, whereas the changes in δ18O and δD were reversed in autumn. (2) The river water values of δD and δ18O fluctuated between −107.15‰ and −68.13‰ and between −18.53‰ and −9.66‰, respectively, during the study period. (3) The variation in δ18O and δD in the precipitation was consistent, showing characteristics of summer enrichment and winter dilution, and the precipitation line equation is δD = 7.30δ18O + 9.29. (4) In autumn and winter, the groundwater δD and δ18O values fluctuated between −99.87‰ and −84.95‰ and between −15.50‰ and −10.38‰, respectively; during spring and summer, the δD and δ18O values varied from −99.27‰ to −87.07‰ and from −15.15‰ to −12.00‰, respectively. The hydrogen–oxygen stable isotope value of the ice–snow meltwater in autumn was higher than that in summer. (5) On the basis of the d-excess variation in each precipitation event over the 3 years and an analysis of the water vapor sources using the HPSPLIT backward trajectory tracking model, the source of water vapor in the study area is primarily the surrounding land water vapor, with the Atlantic Ocean being the main contributor of oceanic water vapor.
A Special Ordered Set of Type 2 Modeling for a Monthly Hydropower Scheduling of Cascaded Reservoirs with Spillage Controllable
Authors: Liu Shuangquan , Qian Guoyuan , Xu Zifan , Wang Hua , Chen Kai , Wang Jinwen , Feng Suzhen
Published: August 2023

This study introduces a novel approach for optimizing the monthly hydropower scheduling of cascaded reservoirs by employing a special ordered set of type 2 (SOS2) formulation within a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The proposed method linearizes the relationships between hydropower output, spillage, storage, and outflow, enabling controllable spillage. The objective is to minimize spillage, maximize firm hydropower output, and maximize energy production, all in priority while considering complex constraints such as reservoir storage and discharge bounds, upstream–downstream relationship, and water balance. The approach is applied to four cascaded reservoirs on the Lancang River. Results indicate that the SOS2 formulation effectively minimizes spillage, maximizes hydropower generation, and ensures maximum firm power output. Comparisons across different gridding resolutions reveal that more grid points yield greater benefits but with a longer solution time. Furthermore, a comparison with the Successive Quadratic Programming (SQP) method highlights the superior performance of the SOS2 model in terms of objective improvement and solution efficiency. This research offers valuable insights into optimizing monthly hydropower scheduling for cascaded reservoir systems, enhancing operational efficiency and decision-making in water resources management.
Impact Assessment of the Implementation Effect of the Post-Relocation Support Policies of Rural Reservoir Resettlers’ Livelihoods in Energy Transition
Authors: Liang Bing , Shi Guoqing , Sun Zhonggen , Wang Yuelin , Zhang Bosen , Xu Yuangang , Dong Yingping
Published: August 2023

Energy transition is a major structural change in the whole social system, and the energy system must be changed globally to replace fossil fuels. Hydropower is one of the largest sources of renewable energy in the world. However, owing to the construction of hydropower projects, involuntary resettlers are suffering from being far away from their native land, losing the land cultivated for generations and the houses they live in, and losing the social relationship network based on geography and blood ties. Based on the system evaluation theory of reservoir resettlement and referring to relevant research findings, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index framework for assessing the implementation effect of the Post-Relocation Support (PReS) policy. The research region is located in Zhijin County, Bijie City, Guizhou Province, China. Accordingly, a combined method of a structural equation model and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is used in this paper to analyze the implementation of the PReS policy. The results show that the total score of implementing effects of the PReS policy is 4.4, with dramatic significance. The subindex scores of the resettlers’ family income, living conditions, and production conditions; the local economy; and social stability are 4.3, 4.6, 4.4, 4.6, and 4.3, respectively, with dramatic significance. This paper has analyzed and summarized the successful practices of implementing the PReS policy for reservoir resettlers in three dimensions: poverty alleviation, beautiful home construction, and accelerating rural revitalization. Research shows that China’s rural reservoir resettlers’ PReS policy has been more effective in restoring the livelihoods of reservoir resettlers.
Quality of life in patients with autonomic nervous system disorder
Authors:   Medical Institute, FSBEI HE Petrozavodsk State University, Khyanikyainen I.V. , Rzheutskaya N.A. ,   Medical Institute, FSBEI HE Petrozavodsk State University
Published: August 2023

The paper studied the quality of life (QOL) in individuals of an organized population of Petrozavodsk with autonomic nervous system disorder (ANSD) (n=104; mean age 37.64±5.8 years; gender index 1:1). The control group included healthy individuals (n=30; mean age 37.64±5.8 years; gender index 1:1; p=0.761). The Short Form-36 Quality of Life Scale was used, and a medical assessment of signs of autonomic nervous system disorders was carried out according to the method by A.M. Vein. It was found that patients with ANSD were characterized by a lower level of QOL compared to healthy individuals without gender differences (indicators in men/women: “Physical component of health (Physical health)” (PH) 44.7±5.41/40.72±6.28 (patients) and 58.37±1.8/57.25±1.96 points (control); “Psychological component of health (Mental health)” (MH) 36.69±5.56/35.48±6.94 (patients) and 56.53±2.67/54.78±1.98 points (control); p=0.001). The first ranking places in the decline of QOL were the decrease in “role physical functioning” (in the treatment of PH) and the reduction of “mental health” (in the treatment of MH). Moderate vegetative imbalance in men/women with ANSD (36.86±8.58/42.96±10.62 points according to the method by A.M. Vein, compared with the results of healthy individuals of 2±0.29/2.13±0.97 points; p=0.001) correlates with a decrease in PH (R = – 0.368) and MH (R = –0.572). The revealed patterns are aimed at optimizing the medical and psychological rehabilitation of patients with ANSD.
Se llamaba Vasconcelos, de José Joaquin Blanco. Une biographie de la rédemption
Authors: Fell Claude
Published: August 2023

« Se llamaba Vasconcelos, de José Joaquin Banco. Una biografia de la redención ».

En 1977, el periodista, ensayista y novelista José Joaquin Blanco publica Se llamaba Vasconcelos. Una evocación critica, primera biografia y a la vez ensayo critico dedicado a José Vasconcelos (1882-1959), protagonista clave de la vida politica y cultural de Mexico durante más de cincuenta anos. Esta biografia se estructura a partir de dos lineas de fuerza explicitadas por el autor : «una acción histórica» que reconstituye la trayectoria ideológica de Vasconcelos, que lo Ileva de una participación progresista a los asuntos pûblieos (esencialmente como Ministro de Educación y Cultura de 1921 a 1924) hasta una postura violentamente critica y ultra conservadora de la politica nacional ; «una concepción alegórica», donde Blanco estudia el quehacer identitario de Vasconcelos, privilegiando el análisis de su obra ensayistica y, sobre todo, de los primeras dos tomos de su autobiografia (Ulises criollo, 1935, La tormenta, 1936), que conocieron un inmenso éxito editorial en Mexico.
Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia in a boy with generalized edema; a case report
Authors: Pourpashang Paniz , Esfandiar Nasrin , Panjeshahi Samaneh , Sharafian Samin , Mirbehbahani Seyed Hamidreza
Published: August 2023

Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a rare disease diagnosed by skeletal malformations, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNs), and T-cell immunodeficiency. Proteinuria with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the most common renal pathologic finding in SIOD. In this case report, we present an 8-year-old boy with generalized edema, kyphosis, and nephrotic syndrome who was eventually diagnosed with SIOD.
Spark Plazma Sinterleme Yöntemi ile Üretilen Karbon Fiber Kumaş Katkılı ZrB2-SiC Kompozitlerinin Yapısal ve Mekanik Özellikleri
Authors: AĞIL Aslı Asiye , AYAS Erhan
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışma kapsamında ZrB2-SiC matris fazı içerisine karbon fiber kumaş takviyesi yapılarak seramik matris kompozit malzemeleri üretilmiştir. Kullanılan seramik malzemeler etanol ortamında karıştırılarak bir seramik çamuru hazırlanmış ve bu çamur karbon fiber kumaşlara basınçsız emdirme işlemi yapılarak uygulanmıştır. Seramik malzemelerin kütlece oranı ZrB2-ağ.%20SiC şeklindedir. Bağlayıcının etkisini araştırmak amacıyla bazı kompozitler polivinil butiral (PVB) kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Homojen bir seramik çamuru elde etmek amacıyla başlangıç tozları bir polietilen (PET) şişe içerisine eklenmiş ve Si3N4 bilyeler kullanılarak bilyeli değirmende 24 saat boyunca karıştırılmıştır. Hazırlanan seramik çamurunun karbon fiber kumaşlara uygulanma ve kurutma işlemlerinin ardından kompozit malzemeler Spark Plazma Sinterleme (SPS) işlemine tabi tutulmuşlardır. Sinterleme işlemi tek aşamalı ve çift aşamalı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulaşılan maksimum sinterleme sıcaklığı 2000 ℃ ve maksimum sıcaklıkta bekleme süresi 30 dk şeklindedir. Uygulanan maksimum basınç ise 50 MPa’dır. Sinterleme sürecinin ardından çeşitli karakterizasyon işlemleri için uygun boyutlarda kesilen numunelerin Arşimet Prensibi ile yoğunluk analizleri, X-ışını toz kırınımı yöntemi ile faz analizleri, taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile mikro yapısal analizleri ve Instron cihazı ile 3 nokta eğme testi analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; sinterleme aşamasının çift aşamada gerçekleştirilmesi ve çamur hazırlama sürecinde bağlayıcı kullanılmasının yapısal ve mekanik özellikler açısından daha verimli olduğu saptanmıştır. Maksimum yoğunluğa (2,3972 g/cm3) çift aşamada sinterlenen ve bağlayıcı kullanılan malzemede ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca aynı malzeme 5,59 GPa’lık maksimum elastik modülü ile karakterize edilir.
Determining the Suitability of Lands for Agricultural Use with the Best-Worst Method
Authors: AKYÜZ Gamze , YALPIR Şükran , ERTUNÇ Ela
Published: August 2023

The interaction of agricultural activities with the land starts with soil in the production part and continues until the consumption stage. Sustainable agricultural land for their use, a database regarding their current potential should be created and the land prepared based on this database should be evaluated by considering the use planning. The suitability of Ankara province lands for agricultural use by making use of the Geographical Information System analysis was carried out. To determine the suitability for agricultural use; Major Soil Groups, Land Use Capability Classes, soil depth, degree of erosion, elevation, slope, aspect, precipitation, and temperature criteria were used. This was done with the Best-Worst method, which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making approaches. It was ensured that the best and worst of the nine factors were determined by the decision makers. In the last layer, because of the analyzes made for the province of Ankara, the most appropriate land use map was created based on the natural abilities and capabilities of the lands. It has been determined that the most affecting criterion is Large Soil Groups, and Ankara's Kızılcahamam, Çankaya and Mamak districts are not very suitable for agricultural use, but other districts are generally suitable for use.