bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients injured by stingrays in the state of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Silva Welligton Conceição da , Santos Flávia Borges , Barbosa Antonio Vinicius Correa , Silva Lilian Kátia Ximenes , Silva Eder Bruno Rebelo da , Costa José Walter Silva , Camargo Júnior Raimundo Nonato Colares
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to outline the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients injured by stingrays from 2007 to 2021. A descriptive study was carried out through an epidemiological retrospective of ichthyism in 20 municipalities in Pará belonging to the Amazon Basin. Notified cases were obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, where the following variables were investigated: socioeconomic profile, affected anatomical region, local and systemic clinical symptomatology. Treatment evolution regarding death and cure was also evaluated. Data were statistically evaluated using the chi-square test, at 5% significance level. A total of 737 cases of accidents caused by stingrays were reported during the period. Of these, 438 forms were not completed with the education data of the patients treated, followed by 158 forms not completed for the race item. Accidents caused by stingrays tend to happen to brown men, aged over 20 years, with incomplete secondary education, living in urban areas, with accidents occurring mainly on the region's beaches. The foot and leg were the most affected regions (p<0.05). Patients sought care in the first hours after the accident or only 24 hours (p<0.05) later. They presented local symptoms, such as pain and swelling. Some cases had systemic complications, mainly myolytic and neurological. This study reinforces the need to adopt strategies related to health and environmental education for people who visit risky areas to mitigate the occurrence of accidents caused by stingrays.
The impact of BMI on life expectancy in Portugal
Authors: Monteiro Joana de Sousa , Belucio Matheus , Fuinhas José Alberto
Published: March 2024

The overweight represents a serious public health problem in Portugal, with a prevalence that exceeds 50%. Obesity-related diseases constitute the health system's main causes of death and economic issues. Despite this, there is no consensus on the relationship between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the risk of early mortality. In this context, assessing the impact of the average BMI on life expectancy in Portugal is important. A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was carried out using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag model. The dependent variable is life expectancy at birth, expressed in the total years obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI). The independent variables are: (i) the average BMI of the population (calculated based on the average male and female BMI obtained from Our World in Data); and (ii) the total population obtained from the WDI. The population's mean BMI variable limited the study's time horizon, comprising annual statistical data from 1975 to 2016. The increase in BMI negatively affects the life expectancy of the Portuguese population in the short term. A 1% variation in BMI reflects a 1.98% reduction in life expectancy. The result was statistically significant at 1%, and the p-value was 0.0001. In the long term, there was no statistically significant effect of the mean BMI on the population's life expectancy. Also, in the long term, population growth has a positive and statistically significant effect on life expectancy. Although there is no consensus in the literature that BMI is associated with increased mortality, the results obtained through this model captured this trend in Portugal in the short term. Therefore, promoting life expectancy by improving the Portuguese's health and quality of life is necessary. The adoption of measures that favor the recovery or maintenance of normal weight is essential.
Forensic value of orthodontic records for human identification: a systematic review
Authors: Pires Cristian Duane , Silva Douglas Teixeira da , Paranhos Luiz Renato , Franco Ademir
Published: March 2024

Extensive dental records are produced for orthodontic planning and treatment. Photographs, radiographs, and descriptive data used to register patient progress have benefited the fields of civil litigation and human identification. This study aimed to perform a systematic literature review guided by the following question: What type of orthodontic antemortem (AM) data have been used more often to confirm human dental identifications? The research protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual. Registration was made in Open Science Framework. Ten databases were searched (LILACS, BBO, Cumed, Embase, MedLine [PubMed], SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, Easy Dans, and BDTD). The eligible studies were only descriptive observational and should address the topic of human identification using orthodontic AM data. The risk of bias was assessed with the JBI tool. The initial search found 2,216 studies, of which 16 were eligible. Clinical photographs and panoramic radiographs were the most common orthodontic AM data. Most human identification cases relied on morphological (e.g., rotation and crown shape) and therapeutic (e.g., orthodontic appliances and restorations) identifiers. Orthodontic records can support human identification with relevant dental evidence, especially when providing images (radiographic or not). Forensic dentists should understand proper image analysis to interpret and detect morphological and therapeutic identifiers of forensic value.
Contribuições da escuta participante em terreiros de Umbanda para uma etnopsicologia brasileira
Authors: Macedo Alice  Costa
Published: March 2024

A etnopsicologia propõe o diálogo entre a antropologia e a psicologia. O etnopsicólogo busca compreender como a comunidade a ser estudada constrói suas próprias etnoteorias. Objetiva-se discutir o modelo etnopsicológico utilizado em pesquisas realizadas em terreiros de umbanda no interior do estado de São Paulo (Brasil), a fim de contribuir para reflexões metodológicas a serem aplicadas em outros contextos comunitários de matriz africana no país. Para tanto, analisaram-se os procedimentos etnográficos (observações participantes e registros em diário de campo) incorporados por psicólogos que trabalham com abordagem psicanalítica. A escuta participante mostrou-se instrumento relevante para a pesquisa no que tange à experiência de campo, às relações transferenciais e ao refinamento da escuta em psicanálise, com base nas perspectivas freudiana e lacaniana. O primeiro passo é partir da implicação em campo, memórias, bagagens existenciais e em que medida elas nos enlaçam ao tema. A segunda etapa é a construção do trabalho de campo, a imersão na perspectiva da escuta participante e do ‘ser afetado’ e a definição dos procedimentos. O terceiro ponto é o pinçamento do que se repete, o centramento das peças, as análises, as combinatórias significantes e tudo aquilo que elas enunciam. Espera-se contribuir com outros pesquisadores e profissionais que queiram amparar-se na etnopsicologia para sua atuação, intervenções e/ou trabalho de campo. O modelo do método etnopsicológico pode ser importante no tecido de uma escuta atenta ao modo como cada comunidade constrói seus saberes, a fim de restituir ao outro a possibilidade de se dizer e a posição de ser escutado em seus próprios termos.
Editorial
Authors: Domingues Eliane , Sita Patricia Coradim
Published: March 2024

É com muita satisfação que apresentamos aos leitores da Revista Acta Scientiarum. Human and Social Sciences o vol. 45, n. 3, 2023, número especial dedicado a Etnopsicologia, e resultante de uma parceria entre a nossa Revista e o GT Etnopsicologia da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Psicologia (ANPPEP). Segundo Scorsolini-Comin e Bairrão (2023, p. 12), “[…] a Etnopsicologia é uma etnociência que valoriza os saberes nativos, comprometendo-se com uma abordagem teórica e empírica que não se aparta do seu compromisso com o social”.

Um dos autores de referência no campo da etnopsicologia é Georges Devereux (1908-1985). Antropólogo e psicanalista húngaro, ele é conhecido como o criador da disciplina etnopsicanálise/etnopsiquiatria, disciplina que articula a psicanálise e a antropologia (também poderíamos incluir aqui outras disciplinas e outros saberes) na compreensão dos fenômenos humanos (Domingues & Binkowski, 2023).
Use of the glyphosate herbicide: an integrated review
Authors: Santos Fernanda Dias dos , Cruz Jussara Cabral , Swarowsky Alexandre , Fantinel Roberta Aparecida
Published: March 2024

the herbicide glyphosate has a non-selective active ingredient for the functional groups carboxyl, amino, and phosphonate. Its use was accentuated with the opening of agricultural frontiers and the use of genetically modified organisms, due to the great demand for food in the world. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze what scientific productions from 2010 to 2020 bring about the glyphosate herbicide theme and its impacts on the environment. the study comprised the search for papers in the Capes - Web of Science and Scopus Journals, covering 62 scientific studies. Europe and America stood out in scientific productions, with 38.7 and 37.1% of published works, respectively. the countries that stood out were Argentina, Brazil, United States, and France, both with 7 productions each. Regarding the researched topics, ‘Biological test in a contaminated environment’ stands out, with 9 publications, followed by ‘Adsorption’ with 8 publications. However, there is still a demand for studies, for the development of methods for determining the herbicide glyphosate and its metabolite Ampa, mainly in soil and water, as it is a potential contaminant, to guide decisions about it and propose guidelines that support the technique and scientifically their spectrum of action.
Assessing Discomfort in American Adult Intensive Care Patients
Authors: Gunnels Marshall S. , Reisdorf Emily M. , Mandrekar Jay , Chlan Linda L.
Published: March 2024

Background

While in the intensive care unit, critically ill patients experience a myriad of distressing symptoms and stimuli leading to discomfort, a negative emotional and/ or physical state that arises in response to noxious stimuli. Appropriate management of these symptoms requires a distinct assessment of discomfort-causing experiences.

Objectives

To assess patient-reported discomfort among critically ill patients with the English-language version of the Inconforts des Patients de REAnimation questionnaire, and to explore relationships between demographic and clinical characteristics and overall discomfort score on this instrument.

Methods

This study had a cross-sectional, descriptive, single-cohort design. The convenience sample consisted of alert and oriented patients aged 18 years or older who had been admitted to intensive care units at a Midwestern tertiary referral hospital and were invited to participate. An 18-item questionnaire on physiological and psychological stimuli inducing discomfort was administered once. Each item was scored from 0 to 10, with the total possible discomfort score ranging from 0 to 100. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze participants’ demographic and clinical characteristics and questionnaire responses.

Results

A total of 180 patients were enrolled. The mean (SD) overall discomfort score was 32.9 (23.6). The greatest sources of discomfort were sleep deprivation (mean [SD] score, 4.0 [3.4]), presence of perfusion catheters and tubing (3.4 [2.9]), thirst (3.0 [3.3]), and pain (3.0 [3.0]).

Conclusions

Intensive care unit patients in this study reported mild to moderate discomfort. Additional research is needed to design and test interventions based on assessment of specific discomfort-promoting stimuli to provide effective symptom management.
Inactivity May Identify Older Intensive Care Unit Survivors at Risk for Post–Intensive Care Syndrome
Authors: Elias Maya N. , Ahrens Emily A. , Tsai Chi-Shan , Liang Zhan , Munro Cindy L.
Published: March 2024

Background

Older adults (≥age 65) admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) are profoundly inactive during hospitalization. Older ICU survivors often experience life-changing symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction, physical impairment, and/or psychological distress, which are components of post–intensive care syndrome (PICS).

Objectives

To explore trends between inactivity and symptoms of PICS in older ICU survivors.

Methods

This study was a secondary analysis of pooled data obtained from 2 primary, prospective, cross-sectional studies of older ICU survivors. After ICU discharge, 49 English- and Spanish-speaking participants who were functionally independent before admission and who had received mechanical ventilation while in the ICU were enrolled. Actigraphy was used to measure post-ICU hourly activity counts (12:00 AM to 11:59 PM). Selected instruments from the National Institutes of Health Toolbox and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System were used to assess symptoms of PICS: cognitive dysfunction, physical impairment, and psychological distress.

Results

Graphs illustrated trends between inactivity and greater symptom severity of PICS: participants who were less active tended to score worse than one standard deviation of the mean on each outcome. Greater daytime activity was concurrently observed with higher performances on cognitive and physical assessments and better scores on psychological measures.

Conclusions

Post-ICU inactivity may identify older ICU survivors who may be at risk for PICS and may guide future research interventions to mitigate symptom burden.
Package Assembly Design Kits - The Future of Advanced Package Design
Authors: Fuentes Ruben
Published: March 2024

HDFO design layout and system-level performance require a range of dynamic design rule definitions. Package Assembly Design Kits can capture and implement these design rule contraints. These PADKs offer a special type of implementation by validating the design of layout with a benchmark that supports the manufacturing and assembly processes performed by the OSATs.

Partnering with an OSAT to utilize PADKs early in the life cycle of product development is critical to reducing the number of design layout spins sometimes required to meet manufacturing and assembly best practices. As the HDFO signal I/O counts increase proportionally with the package complexity, the only practical solution is to leverage the strength of a PADK to drive the package design layout from day one. Establishing a PADK into an existing desgin workflow does take some investment; howeverk the rewards can be exponential, with sequential or parallel projects commencing.

Areas requiring an investment will depend on the current design environment and established workflows. The following are the four pillars that lead to a successful PADK implementation: high-end computer hardware, compatible software, advanced training, and a qualified support team. The scale of each will additionally depend on the scope of each package being developed.

One especially positive feature of the elements that make up the package assembly design kit is that each item can be implemented into existing design flows. The impact on the design flow is minimal, but the results are immense. Pulling all the benefits together is like opening the doors into tomorrow, and they remain open with the potential and opportunities offered by the advancements in Package Assembly Design Kits.
Glass-Core Substrates for RF Heterogeneous Integrated Packages
Authors: Ketterson Andrew , Chen Shuoqi , Pandey Rajanish , Chiu Anthony , El Bouanani Lidia , Hitt John , Yun Yanghun , Kim Yi Ram , Anderson Kevin , Ashby Kirk
Published: March 2024

Glass-core substrates with low-loss organic build-up layers are an attractive alternative to conventional multi-layer organic laminates and ceramic substrates for millimeter wave packages. Under the Department of Defense (DoD) State of the Art (SOTA) Heterogeneous Integrated Packaging (SHIP) RF program, Qorvo and our partners are exploring panel-sized glass-core substrates with fine-pitch multi-layer interconnects on low-loss buildup dielectrics and embedded in-core components for compact RF and mixed-signal microsystems. The suitability of this substrate technology is being evaluated through a series of test vehicles designed to characterize the process capability, RF behavior, and package reliability.
The Compliance Risk Assessment of EU REACH SVHC in Articles of IC Package by Studies of Analysis Methodology
Authors: Hsiao Renata , Liu Fenny , Chen Wein , Chen Han Gung , Hung Liang-Yih , Wang Yu Po
Published: March 2024

Companies may have legal obligations resulting from the inclusion of the Candidate List of substances of very high concern (SVHC) in a concentration above 0.1% w/w in an Article, as defined under EU REACH Regulation and Waste Framework Directive (SCIP Database) if they place articles on the EU market.

Only a few studies have so far been made on how to determine the contents of the Chemical in Product (CiP). The approach to identifying the risk associated with the SVHC in the IC package is mainly to collect and review large information from the supplier chain or by chemical analysis.

This article tries to discuss the current challenges for data collection and identifying risks with chemical substances in the IC package.

Based on the chemical test results of 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-4’-morpholinobutyrophenone and bisphenol A, it was found that the test results of SVHC could be affected by numerous factors such as tested sample form (e.g., powder or flaky shaped), tested sample curing conditions, and chemical analytical methods.

Although chemical analysis provides more accurate information for SVHC, when utilizing chemical analysis for checking legal compliance, we still need to compare and analyze the result of chemical substances analysis with the materials self-declaration provided by suppliers to judge whether the data are reasonable.
Reliability Prediction of Radiation Induced Failures in Semiconductor Packages
Authors: Alagappan Ashok , Rostami-Angas Masoud
Published: March 2024

The growth and usage of semiconductor components has risen greatly due to evolution of applications in industries such as aerospace, defense, and automotive, in both the commercial and government sectors. Among the different types of components that make their way into such applications, digital logic and memory-based devices are of prime importance due to the ever-demanding need to store and compute vast amounts of data. This brings to the forefront the reliability of such components, especially in demanding applications in aerospace and defense where components are exposed to extremely harsh environments where high performance is critical. This is where we find that reliability is largely dependent on the susceptibility of semiconductor components to radiation induced effects - total ionizing dose (TID) and single event effects (SEE).

Optimization in design, process, and packaging could make microelectronics more reliable to the radiation effects. Packaging material and thickness affect the incident flux of radiation on microelectronics and can help mitigate both dose and SEE effects in electronics. Additionally, packaging materials should not generate a high flux of secondary particles when exposed to environmental radiation (an example is alpha emissions from impurities in package mold compound or underfill).

In this paper, the behavior of semiconductors at the component level due to radiation effects is evaluated. A reduced order model approach is presented where the analysis is performed at the functional block level then aggregated into component. The behavioral model can be used to predict the behavior across different operating, design, and process conditions.
Numerical Analysis of Narrow-gap Underfill Flow in the Flip-chip Process Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Lee Jung Shin , Kang Sujie , Rhee Daniel Min Woo
Published: March 2024

Flip-chip packaging is a first-level interconnect technology, and to predict its melt front of capillary driven underfill analytical models have been made. Using the Analytical models, prediction of the melt front can be efficiently done, however it is difficult to reflect the flow resistance resulting from complex solder bump arrangement. Therefore, 3D numerical analysis is required. In this study, Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used for observing the micro void generation that occurs in a underfill process with a height of several tens of microns. LBM statistically expresses the motion of the molecule, to solve the mass transfer of the microscale. In particular, LBM has strengths in multiphase flow analysis of several microscales that cannot be solved by continuum assumption. In this paper, underfill process of several tens of micro scales, which was not covered in previous 3D numerical analysis studies, was simulated using LBM. The improvement of the new LBM model, which more accurately simulates the resistance due to pressure by considering collisions between air and molten mold molecules, is introduced. With the hydraulic diameter greatly reduced due to the narrow gap, it is observed how the solder bump pitch affects the micro void generation. And it is observed whether the air ventilation could change significantly according to the ambient pressure.
Next Level of 1/1 μm Line and Space Copper Redistribution Layer Fabrication with Organic Dielectric Materials
Authors: Shoji Yu , Nishimura Takuma , Ogasawara Hisashi , Hashimoto Keika , Masuda Yuki , Araki Hitoshi , Tomikawa Masao
Published: March 2024

An electrical reliability of fine copper redistribution layer (RDL) with 1/1 μm line and space fabricated by using positive photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) has been demonstrated. The polyimide containing flexible molecular units in PSPI was introduced, in assumption to increase the entanglement of each polymer chain with a design concept of polymer backbone to enhance mechanical and thermal reliability. To conduct a series of tests, test vehicles with semi-additive copper RDL with 1/1 μm line and space were fabricated with Toray’s PSPI for electrical reliability test. Through a series of electrical reliability tests utilizing our test vehicles, PSPI out-performed the phenol-based resin, which has been proven to have excellent mechanical and thermal stabilities when compared with other resins. 1/1 μm line and space electrodes after electrical reliability tests were also observed and cross-sectioned. The observation of electrodes clearly showed oxidation-reduction of the electrodes on anode and cathode, respectively. On the cathode, copper particles of several nm in diameter were formed on the PI film surrounding the copper wiring. On the anode, copper oxide layers of about 100 nm thickness were observed on the copper wiring surface, which turned out to be Cu2O when analyzed with Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) measurement.
Investigating the Impact of Final Finishes on the Insertion Loss in As Received and After Aging
Authors: Schafsteller Britta , Schwaemmlein Michael , Rosin Mario , Ramos Gustavo , Hatab Ziad , Gadringer Michael E. , Schlaffer Erich
Published: March 2024

The task of the final finish on the printed circuit board is to protect the copper surface and at the same time keep it active for the subsequent assembly steps. In high frequency applications, additionally the impact on the signal loss becomes of interest.

Typically, the choice of the final finish is defined by the target application. The demands on solderability and bondability need to be considered and the acceptable price level needs to be defined. For the use in high frequency applications the signal integrity becomes of interest and adds on the reliability criteria such as solder joint reliability or corrosion resistance.

In this study various surface finishes were tested towards their performance on insertion loss at high frequency. In contrast to earlier studies the frequency range was investigated up to 150 GHz and the impact of thermal or humid aging of the final finish was evaluated. Overall, seven different finishes have been selected including EPAG (Electroless palladium/Autocatalytic gold), I-Sn (Immersion tin), I-Ag (immersion silver), DIG (direct immersion gold), Au/Pd/Au (Gold/Palladium/Gold), ENIG (Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold) with high and medium phosphorous Nickel and ENEPIG (Electroless Nickel/Electroless Palladium/Immersion Gold).

The paper compiles the data for insertion loss versus frequency for the different final finishes at layer thicknesses as commonly used in the PCB industry. The results in the insertion loss performance are correlated to other properties of the different final finishes such as reliability and assembly performance to identify the best candidates for high frequency applications.
Young, gifted and black: Black early career academics’ experiences in a South African university
Authors: Hlatshwayo Mlamuli N. , Majozi Nkululeko G.
Published: March 2024

Orientation: Higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Global South remain complex organisations that are facing a myriad of challenges. The sector, already reeling from the logics of the imperial, colonial or apartheid and more recently, neoliberal influences, continues to struggle to adequately respond to these challenges.Research purpose: We used South Africa as a case study to explore and to theorise the challenges that black early career academics (ECAs) are facing as they seek to negotiate their being and belonging in a South African university.Motivation for the study: To shine a spotlight on the complex experiences of black ECAs and how they navigate their being and belonging in a public university.Research approach/design and method: We used a qualitative interpretivist case study to explore black ECAs’ negotiation of entry and success in the university. Additionally, we relied on semi-structured interviews as the main data generation tool.Main findings: We reveal how mentors/supervisors/line managers play a significant role in how black ECAs navigate and negotiate their entry, being and belonging in a neoliberal university. We also reveal an emergent tension between teaching and research, showing how black ECAs believe that teaching and learning is relegated to the margins at university.Practical/managerial implications: Exploring black ECAs experiences in university has implications for the retention, success and transformation of the higher education sector in South Africa.Contribution/value-add: Higher education in general and academic staff development in particular has an instrumental role to play in ensuring that black ECAs are well supported and mentored.
Who’s who in the zoo? Clarifying the difference between the chief digital officer and chief information officer
Authors: Van Niekerk Theunis , Marnewick Carl
Published: March 2024

Background: The new chief digital officer (CDO) role within top management is shrouded with confusion and ambiguity.Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the differences between the traditional chief information officer (CIO) and more modern CDO role.Method: Being grounded within the paradigm of interpretivism, this study follows a qualitative research approach and adopts a narrative research strategy. This study explores the opinions of top management relating to both CIO and CDO roles through conducting in-depth interviews with open-ended questions. Insights into the data are gained through an analytical process of thematic content analysis.Results: This study shows that distinctions are emerging between the roles and responsibilities of the CDO and CIO roles within companies. Even though both roles are strategic, the CDO is responsible for digital strategy, while the CIO is responsible for the information technology (IT) strategy.Conclusion: This study illustrates that IT is becoming central to a company’s business model and this focus change requires specific skills and competencies within the company. Furthermore, the study shows that differences exist between the CIO and CDO roles within a company.Contribution: This study highlights key differences between the roles and responsibilities of the CDO and CIO. This study also identifies key contingency and institutional factors that influence a firm to introduce a CDO and clarifies the concept of digital transformation.
Head-and-neck Cancer in the Emergency Department: A Contemporary Review of Common Presentations and Management
Authors: Chan Ee Lyn , Rovira Aleix
Published: March 2024

Head-and-neck cancer (HNC) can present with life.threatening symptoms in the emergency department. Patients can sometimes be misdiagnosed with pulmonary disease due to similar signs and symptoms, ultimately leading to delayed diagnosis and potentially devastating consequences. Reasons for this include lack of awareness of patient risk factors and knowledge of the myriad of presenting complaints in the disease process among physicians working in primary care and in the emergency department. This article explores the contemporary risk factors and common presenting symptoms and discusses initial management for a patient with potential head-and-neck malignancy. Emergency presentations of HNC are wide ranging and can overlap with common respiratory pathologies. Clinician awareness of this can assist the team in deciding what appropriate examination and investigations are required to reduce the risk of delaying diagnosis and further treatment.
О восстановлении аналитических функций, точном на подпространствах целых функций
Authors: Osipenko Konstantin Yur'evich
Published: March 2024

Построены семейства оптимальных методов восстановления аналитических в полосе функций и их производных по неточно заданному следу преобразования Фурье этих функций на вещественной оси. При этом от методов дополнительно требуется, чтобы они были точны на подпространствах целых функций.
Библиография: 12 названий.
The EU Macro-regional Strategies Through the Prism of Regional GDP
Authors: Pandiloska Jurak Alenka
Published: March 2024

The European Council is in favour of a macro-regional strategy, an integrated framework to address common challenges faced by a given geographical area and relating to Member States and third countries in the same geographical area. The differences in development between regions within macro-regions are considerable. In this chapter, we review the longitudinal data on GDP per capita within the EU macro-regional strategies and compare the macro-regions with each other. The research presented attempts to answer how the implementation of EU macro-regional strategies is reflected in the GDP per capita of EU member regions. The results show that the efforts and financial strategies of the EU in the macro-regions are not reflected in the GDP per capita to the extent that it would contribute to the primary indicator of the cohesion regions.
Public-private Partnerships for Inclusive Cyber Crisis Response in Developing Countries: Western Balkan Region
Authors: Mihailović Andreja , Božović Bojan
Published: March 2024

This chapter critically examines the role of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in promoting cybersecurity in the Western Balkans and emphasises their growing importance in the digital economy. The study navigates the complexities arising from the EU's support for PPPs against the backdrop of historical centralisation and public sector reluctance in the region. Through a comprehensive analysis, the authors find that PPPs significantly improve cybersecurity when public expertise is synergised with the innovative capacities of the private sector. These partnerships not only improve local cybersecurity infrastructure, but also act as catalysts for economic and innovative activities that are crucial for regional development. The research findings show that PPPs close the technological and skills gaps in developing countries, strengthen their defence against cyber threats and facilitate deeper integration into the global digital economy. The importance of PPPs also extends to their role as a critical enabler for the WB region's alignment with EU cybersecurity standards, a necessary step towards EU integration and regional prosperity. The chapter emphasises that PPPs should be a central part of national security policies, as they are essential for sustainable development in the digital age. It concludes by advocating a structured approach to PPPs that includes clear objectives, risk-sharing and confidence-building in order to fully realise their potential to strengthen the cybersecurity framework of local and regional environments.
Gazetelerde Ramazan Folkloru: 2014 Yılı Örneklemi
Authors: AKBALIK Esra
Published: March 2024

Özü itibari ile kültürel bir kategori olan folklor, insanın eliyle ve diliyle ortaya koyduğu bütün yapış-edişlerin bir toplamı ve sonucudur. Bu yönü ile folklor, insan eylemlerinin önemli bir parçası olarak gündelik hayatın ve iletişimin de ayrılmaz bir ögesidir. Bilindiği gibi iletişim, insan etkinliklerinin ve ilişkilerinin tamamlayıcı bir parçası, hayatın temel bir zorunluluğu ve rutinidir. Bu çalışmada yazılı medyanın önemli ayaklarından biri olan gazetelerde ramazan folkloru incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Kitle iletişiminin önemli araçlarından biri olan gazeteler haber ve bilgi ulaştırmada önemli bir kaynaktır. Gazeteler, günlük hayat ile sıkı ve organik bir şekilde bağlı olup toplumun nabzını tutmada ve gündelik hayatın gündemini aktarmada etkili araçlardan biri olmuştur. Bu anlamda bu çalışma, gazetelerde ramazanın sunum ve aktarımına; bu aktarımda folklorik öğelerin tespitine, nasıl ve ne şekilde kullanıldıklarına odaklanmıştır. Öncelikle tirajı yüz binin üzerinde olan çeşitli yayın kuruluşlarına ait gazeteler çalışma sahası olarak tespit edilmiş ve ramazan ayı boyunca takip edilmiştir. Çalışmada 2014 yılının zaman dilimi olarak tercih edildiği görülecektir. Dolayısıyla mevcut gazetelerin söz konusu zaman dilimindeki varlıkları ve tirajları esas alınmıştır. 2014 yılının tercihinin ise özel bir nedeni olmayıp, gazetelerin takip edildiği zaman dilimi olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Gazetelerin ramazan sayfaları / ekleri başta olmak üzere, köşe yazıları, ilanlar ve gazetelerin diğer çeşitli ekleri de ramazan folkloru açısından değerlendirilmeye ve elde edilen veriler çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
KNOWLEDGE ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: CONTEMPORARY TRENDS AND NEW CONCEPTUALIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FUNDAMENTAL TRANSITION PROJECTS
Authors: Salem Boukthir Touhami
Published: March 2024

Knowledge absorptive capacity (ACAP) is a dynamic organizational capability that enables the appropriation of valuable external knowledge to generate superior performance. This article discusses the following questions: Is ACAP still worth new conceptualizations? Moreover, if this is the case, what are the opportunities for additional studies to deepen the theoretical and empirical framework of this topic? To this end, we drew on the discussion of the most influential research papers and a comparative analysis between three young colleges in preparation for the first program accreditation. The theoretical discussion and the empirical results allowed the proposal of an integrative model of the ACAP processes, antecedents, and outcomes suitable for fundamental transition projects. It highlights many issues that have been understudied or ignored in the existing literature, such as the transformative and interactive nature of ACAP, the desired ACAP processes at the interface between potential and realized absorptive capacities, the necessity of a discriminative study of the antecedents and outcomes of ACAP; the ACAP-organizational learning link; the combined effects surrounding ACAP; and the role of ACAP ecosystem, organization maturity, and project maturity. In addition, the model suggests five ACAP key performance indicators: the relevance, depth, exhaustiveness, pervasion, and sustainability of knowledge. Considering these crucial issues, along with the diverse spectrum of organizations, sectors, and countries, paves the way for more in-depth research on ACAP and helps to reduce the ambiguity that still characterizes this domain.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP ATTITUDES AND MOTIVATIONS OF NIGERIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Osuagwu Linus
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the entrepreneurship attitudes and motivations of Nigerian university students. Employing a descriptive research design, this study engaged in an extensive literature review, developed, and validated a tailored questionnaire, and analyzed responses from a diverse sample of students. The research reveals that Nigerian students exhibit a moderately low entrepreneurial attitude. Significantly, it uncovers that the primary motivation driving these students towards entrepreneurship is the allure of independence rather than financial incentives. The paper contributes theoretically by shedding light on the entrepreneurial inclinations within a developing country context, specifically Nigeria. It also extends the existing body of knowledge by highlighting the motivations and attitudes of Nigerian students towards entrepreneurship. These insights not only enrich academic discourse but also provide a basis for policy formulation and educational strategies aimed at nurturing entrepreneurship in Nigerian universities. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research, emphasizing the need to delve deeper into the factors influencing entrepreneurial attitudes in similar environments, especially developing countries.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PAJAK PENGHASILAN BADAN PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR SEKTOR PROPERTIES AND REAL ESTATE DI BEI
Authors: Valensia Valensia , Riswandari Ernie
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh dari profitabilitas, struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan dan leverage terhadap pajak penghasilan badan pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor properties and real esatet yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2017 hingga 2022. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Sampling Purposive dan diperoleh 15 perusahaan sampel yang terdaftar dalam periode 2017 hingga 2022. Metode analisis yang digunakan merupakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear berganda yang diuji menggunakan software SPSS 22. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan yang berasal dari www.idx.co.id. Hasil penelitian uji parsial (uji t) menghasilkan bahwa dalam variabel profitabilitas  dengan proksi Return on Total Assets tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pajak penghasilan badan. Namun, hasil penelitian uji parsial (uji t) menghasilkan bahwa dalam variabel struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan, leverage dengan proksi Debt to Assets Ratio, Size, Debt to Equity Ratio memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pajak penghasilan badan. Variabel profitabilitas dengan proksi Return on Total Assets belum memberikan hasil yang signifikan.
The Administration of Customary Marriage in the Bakgatla Ba A Mocha Ba Marapyane
Authors: Moloele Richard Lepheti
Published: March 2024

Marriage is administered differently within ethnic groupings of Batswana with each tribe observing and practising rituals and customs that are peculiar to it. This paper sheds light on the marriage customs of the Bakgatla ba a Mocha through its different phases, from its initiation, betrothal, the seeking of the hand of the woman’s hand in marriage through to the wedding ceremony. The research methodologies that will be applied are semiotics and moral philosophical didactics.
Strengthening Multi-Hazard Resilience with Quantum Aerospace Systems Intelligence
Authors: Perdigão Rui A. P.
Published: March 2024

The present work further enhances and deploys our Quantum Aerospace Systems Intelligence technologies (DOI: 10.46337/quasi.230901) onto Multi-Hazard risk assessment and action, from sensing and prediction to modelling, decision support and active response, towards strengthening its fundamental knowledge, awareness and resilience in the face of multi-domain challenges. Moreover, it introduces our updated post-quantum aerospace engineering ecosystem for empowering active system dynamic capabilities to mitigate or even counter multi-hazard threats from space, leveraging our high energy technological physics solutions acting across coevolutionary space-times. These developments are further articulated with our latest Synergistic Nonlinear Quantum Wave Intelligence Networks suite of technologies (DOI: 10.46337/240118), vastly extending the operational capabilities of novel quantum and post-quantum systems to critically adverse thermodynamic conditions e.g. those pertaining situational action across real-world environmental and security theaters of operation.
Pengaruh dosis kalium terhadap intensitas penyakit bercak daun yang disebabkan oleh Cercospora personata pada tanaman kacang tanah
Authors: Neuw Korinus , Daeng Baso , Martanto Eko Agus , Andriani Liz Yanti
Published: March 2024

Cercospora personata is a pathogen that causes leaf spot disease, as one of the important diseases of peanut plants, known to reduce the rate of photosynthesis to reduce plant production by up to 50%. The handling of Cercospora attacks so far is still focused on the method of spraying fungicides.  Potassium fertilization is known to increase plant resistance from one of the Cercospora attacks.  The right dosage to overcome Cercospora attacks needs to be studied so that the method of fertilizing potassium in peanut plants can be implemented effectively.  This study was conducted in an experimental garden using 5 dosages of potassium and repeated 3 times.  The composition of the treatment used is: D0 (control), D1 (2 gr of potash fertilizer per plant), D2 (4 gr of potash fertilizer per plant), D3 (6 gr of potash fertilizer per plant) and D4 (8 gr of potash fertilizer per plant).  Weekly observations were made on the variables of plant height, number of leaves, number of saplings, as well as the intensity of disease attacks.  The results showed that the dose of potassium had a significant effect on several components of plant growth and the intensity of disease attacks.  The application of potassium as a fertilizer has a significant influence on the observation components of the number of leaves (plant age 8, 10, and 12 MST), the number of saplings at plant age 10 MST, and the intensity of leaf spot disease attacks (plant age 8, 10, and 12 MST).  Plants that were not given potassium showed leaf spot disease attacks with the highest intensity compared to the other four treatments.  This pattern was seen at observation ages of 8, 10, and 12 MST.
Performance Evaluation of Cryogenic Liquefaction System Precooled by Combined Vapour Compression-Absorption Refrigeration System
Authors: Ravi Rahul , M A Prasanth , John Lovin K , V S Rameesraja
Published: March 2024

Liquefaction is a high-energy-consuming process. One of the most efficient methods of lowering energy consumption use is to run a precooled cycle with a cascade refrigeration system. When compared with the vapour compression system, the merit of adopting a cascade system is that it consumes very less energy. Another advantage is that non-traditional energy sources such as geothermal and solar might be used to power these cycles. This paper examines a precooled Linde Hampson-liquefaction system using a double-stage cascade vapour compression-absorption refrigeration cycle that consists of an absorption system at the high-temperature stage and a compression system at the low-temperature stage to generate cooling at a small temperatures by using various refrigerants in the absorption and compression sections. The system's performance was evaluated by employing various combinations of natural refrigerants in the absorption section. Liquefaction of Nitrogen is carried out using a precooled Linde Hampson system and precooled liquefaction using a cascade refrigeration cycle. Nitrogen was liquefied using two methods in the current study. A thorough examination of the precooled system was conducted, and it was discovered that by employing a cascade refrigeration cycle, the input required per unit mass of gas liquefied is decreased. The performance metrics of the liquefaction system, such as Figure of Merit (FOM) and Liquid Yield, were discovered for both scenarios, and it is concluded that the usage of a cascade refrigeration system has more efficiency and consumes less energy than a system without an absorption chiller. The use of a precooled Linde Hampson system with cascade cycles improved liquefaction characteristics by 5-7%.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM PEJABAT YANG MELAKUKAN PEMBIARAN PELANGGARAN BAGI APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA
Authors: Candra Andi , Hendra Wijaya  , Primadhani Muhammad Ricky , Suprayogi Muhammad Heru , Setiawan Yogi , Aditya Fariz Nayoan
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Pegawai Negeri Sipil sebagai abdi negara dan abdi masyarakat yang dengan penuh kesetiaan dan ketaatan kepada Pancasila, Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, negara dan pemerintah dalam menyelenggarakan tugas pemerintahan dan pembangunan serta wajib menjaga persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa dalam Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Bagaimanakah karakteristik pelanggaran hukum oleh pejabat berwenang atas pembiaran penerapan sanksi terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin. Bagaimanakah faktor-faktor yang menghambat jalannya penjatuhan sanksi administratif terhadap Aparatur Sipil Negara yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan dengan menggunakan tipe penelitian yuridis normatif. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat jalannya penjatuhan sanksi administratif terhadap Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin yang pertama adanya pembiaran yang dilakukan oleh atasan, kemudian yang kedua kurangnya kesadaran Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam melakukan kewajibannya dan berkomitmen untuk tidak melakukan pelanggaran disiplin, lalu yang terakhir yaitu situasi politik, situasi politik sering menjadi penghambat dalam penjatuhan sanksi, sebab dalam pemerintah masih sarat akan nepotisme.

Kata Kunci : Pertanggungjawaban, Pejabat, Pelanggaran, ASN
TELAAH HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBLOKIRAN SITUS YANG MEMILIKI MUATAN RADIKALISME DI MEDIA ONLINE
Authors: Novriansyah Novriansyah , Silsilia Dwi Putri , Satria Heri , Putrah Aan Mahan , Ramadhon Ganda Sukmana , Zakaria Zakaria
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Kebebasan pers merupakan salah satu dimensi hak asasi manusia, yaitu hak untuk membentuk pendapatnya secara bebas dalam kaitan kehidupan di ruang public, Ini diwujudkan dengan tersedianya informasi secara bebas dan benar bagi masyarakat. Kegiatan ini menjadi penyangga bagi terbangun dan terpeliharanya peradaban modern kehidupan manusia. Media pers dan jurnalis merupakan salah satu di antara sekian banyak pelaksana bagi nilai bersifat asasi ini. Kategori situs yang memiliki muatan radikalisme di media online pada dasarnya, tindak pidana penyebaran informasi kebencian berdasarkan suku, agama, ras, dan antar golongan merupakan suatu tindakan setiap orang dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak menyebarkan informasi yang ditujukan untuk menimbulkan rasa kebencian atau permusuhan individu dan/atau kelompok masyarakat tertentu berdasarkan atas suku, agama, ras, dan antar golongan. Berkaitan dengan penentuan kriteria situs yang bermuatan radikalisme, sebaiknya diperlukan adanya suatu penjelasan di dalam ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai kriteria situs yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai situs bermuatan radikalisme, mengingat dalam perumusan suatu peraturan perundang-undangan harus memperhatikan asas perumusan tindak pidana yang jelas dan terang dan perumusan tindak pidana harus ketat dan terbatas jangkauannya sebagai implementasi dari asas legalitas.

Kata Kunci : Pemblokiran, Radikalisme, Media, Online