bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HABITAÇÃO EM MASSA PARA A CLASSE MÉDIA ENTRE A CIDADE E O SUBÚRBIO: O CASO DA QUINTA DAS LAVADEIRAS
Authors: Pacheco Mónica
Published: November 2022

Em meados da década de 1950, milhares de pessoas abandonavam as zonas rurais do interior português rumo à capital em busca de melhores condições de vida. O crescimento populacional nos seus territórios periféricos aumentava assim exponencialmente, em particular no limite norte, com um enorme impacto nos fluxos de tráfego pendular e na especulação imobiliária, afetando uma classe média emergente, ignorada pelo Estado, explorada e orientada para a economia de mercado. Á margem das narrativas da alta cultura, estes lugares encarnaram a imagem dos maiores males da ortodoxia do urbanismo moderno: o carácter anónimo da vida (sub)urbana, da habitação em massa e da autoestrada. O seu estudo tem sido ignorado e, consequentemente, uma parte importante do tecido da cidade. Recorrendo a material de arquivo não publicado, filmes e notícias de época, este artigo reconstrói a história do conjunto urbano da Quinta das Lavadeiras na Calçada de Carriche, a porta norte de Lisboa, desenvolvido durante os anos 1960 por promotores privados. O cruzamento da informação relativa ao projeto, sua construção e respetivo impacto na paisagem, na sua condição intermédia, entre o rural e a fé no progresso urbano, entre centro e subúrbio, entre classes sociais, permite uma reflexão crítica sobre o divórcio entre o debate teórico e a construção de uma contra-arquitetura promovida por empresas de construção que atuaram nestes territórios expectantes, definindo-os.
Lucjan Malinowski jako historyk języka
Authors: Dunaj Bogusław , Mycawka Mirosława
Published: November 2022

LUCJAN MALINOWSKI AS A HISTORIAN OF LANGUAGE

The main merit of Lucjan Malinowski is the initiation of scientific linguistics in Kraków. His research was related to dialectology and history of Polish language. The authors of the article discussed his historical and linguistic analyses. They referred to: a) publishing Old-Polish texts; b) publishing materials excerpted from the old texts; c) collecting materials for the dictionary of the Old-Polish language; d) lexicographic studies; e) language of writers.
Czynniki rozwoju języka polskiego w Chinach
Authors: Ruszer Andrzej
Published: November 2022

FACTORS AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLISH LANGUAGE IN CHINA

The main issue of the paper is the analysis of the key factors which affect the development of the Polish language in China. Each of these factors has been discussed in this article against the background of language policy and power of Polish language in mainland China. The author, starting with a review of important concepts on this subject, tries to indicate the factors determining the creation of new Polish studies faculties and Polish studies centres in mainland China. Political and economic factors, the task-oriented approach of Chinese institutions in combination with a far-reaching profit planning strategy, factors related to regional cooperation between Poland and China, as well as sentimental and historical ones are considered to be the most significant aspects. The author tries to find a common denominator for the actions of Polish public diplomacy and often arbitrary decisions of the Chinese authorities in promoting Polish language in China. He points out some challenges and threats related to the dynamic development of Polish in China.
Twitter as a Public Sphere for COVID-19 Vaccine Discussion
Authors: Nurhajati Lestari , Wijayanto Xenia Angelica , Fitriyani Lamria Raya
Published: November 2022

This study aims to discover how Gen Z discusses the COVID-19 vaccine through social media discussion, participation, and ideas in a virtual public space. Recently, online media coverage has been massive, especially regarding the COVID-19 vaccine produced in Indonesia or purchased by the Indonesian government from foreign countries. Another thing that was also discussed was the priority of the vaccine recipients, which ministers in Indonesia presented with different approaches. Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Culture, Muhadjir Effendy, emphasized that lecturers and teachers are prioritized to receive vaccines. Previously, the coordinating minister for the Economy, Airlangga Hartarto, said medical personnel was prioritized. The Chief Executive of COVID-19 Handling and National Economic Recovery Committee (KPCPEN), Erick Thohir, also stated that health workers were a priority.
Meanwhile, the Minister of Health, Terawan, noted that the priority for vaccine recipients is medic, paramedic, public services, TNI/Polri, and all educators. This variety of information and news is understood differently by the Indonesian people, including among Gen Z. Using the virtual public sphere, where freedom of expression in a democratic manner is the key to the emancipatory communication process. This research method uses extensive data analysis to collect conversations about the COVID-19 vaccine on social media, especially on Twitter, from 1-31 March 2021. The results show that although Generation Z is actively involved in the COVID-19 Vaccine discussion, they are not The Prominent Key Opinion Leader (KOL), who is the key player in communicating this issue via Twitter.
Political Social Responsibility of Council Members in Implementing Public Policy:
Authors: Nastain M. , Nurdiarti Rosalia Prismarini
Published: November 2022

This article aims to determine council members' involvement in carrying out their duties and responsibilities related to community empowerment. Furthermore, to find out how council members maximize the potential of the region and its community with a power and policy approach. Political CSR is an inherent obligation of parliamentarians because the people elect them in a formal and legal contest. The carried-out mandate should present full responsibility to struggle for the community's welfare in internal work as a legislative product holder and external work in serving the community. This research uses an intrinsic case study approach with the object of research on legislative members in the Grobogan Regency. The socio-political responsibilities of the parliamentarians will be studied based on the triple C approach; they are Community Relations, Community Empowerment, and Community Service. Community relations aim to foster a harmonious relationship between organizations (politicians) and the community to increase social awareness and mutual understanding. Community Empowerment is an effort to develop community potential and overcome existing societal problems. The involvement of council members in community empowerment is implemented in three stages: good community relations, community empowerment in the form of community advocacy, and creating an institution that educates the community and community service by prioritizing comprehensive services.
Exploration of Kompas Editorial Frames on Human Rights Issues during 2014-2021
Authors: Yustitia Senja , Ashrianto Panji Dwi
Published: November 2022

Editorials occupy a vital position in the media because they present official media opinions to the public on specific issues, including human rights issues. Therefore, this study focuses on how Kompas daily frames editorials on human rights issues in January and December 2014–2021. The research method is qualitative with Urs Dahinden framing analysis techniques. This technique divides the typology of frames into five things: conflict, economy, progress, moral, and episodic. Dahinden's framing approach is interesting because it differentiates between issues and frames. January and December 2014-2021 were selected because this research does not focus on specific issues. January is a critical moment to reflect on human rights issues over the past year and the next. In addition, December is the month of commemoration of International Human Rights Day. The study results conclude that Kompas uses two different frames in its editorial related to human rights issues. In civil and political human rights, Kompas consistently uses a moral frame. Meanwhile, Kompas uses episodic, economic, and moral frames on economic, social, and cultural issues.
Nation and Cultural Branding on Instagram:
Authors: Dewi Ni Putu Eka Budi Pradnya Wulandari , Effendi Nursyirwan , Chatra Emeraldy
Published: November 2022

Indonesian Arts and Culture Scholarship (IACS), which displays Indonesian arts, and culture, is a program that the Directorate of Public Diplomacy holds for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. This program was started in 2003 and took place face-to-face until 2019. This program becomes an excellent opportunity for Indonesia to spread Indonesian values by forming nation-branding and creating a national image through soft diplomacy. This research analyzes how Instagram can play an essential role in promoting the 2019 IACS program so that the general public can know about this program. This research was analyzed by using the Circuit of Culture model. It is specified in Production moment to disclose how Studios and MoFA distributed messages through Instagram. By analyzing Instagram, we can find out how the account is managed and the content shared by the committee that holds the Instagram account. Data were taken based on interviews, social media, and government documents. The results are that MoFA does not use Instagram @iacs_kemlu well. It can be seen from the re-confirmation absence to the public regarding the date range of its program. As well as the minimal upload of documentation of the participants, MoFA is not carrying out the monitoring function regarding the inactive @bsbi_pdg account. Besides that, on Instagram @iacs.banyuwangi, Instagram management could be better. It can be seen on its Instagram account page.
The reliability and clinical utility of a simple MRI based classification tool for acute scaphoid injuries: the OxSMART
Authors: Dean Benjamin J. F. , Berridge Anna , Berkowitz Yaron , Little Christopher , Sheehan Warren , Riley Nicholas , Costa Matthew , Sellon Edward
Published: November 2022

Aims

The evidence demonstrating the superiority of early MRI has led to increased use of MRI in clinical pathways for acute wrist trauma. The aim of this study was to describe the radiological characteristics and the inter-observer reliability of a new MRI based classification system for scaphoid injuries in a consecutive series of patients.

Methods

We identified 80 consecutive patients with acute scaphoid injuries at one centre who had presented within four weeks of injury. The radiographs and MRI scans were assessed by four observers, two radiologists, and two hand surgeons, using both pre-existing classifications and a new MRI based classification tool, the Oxford Scaphoid MRI Assessment Rating Tool (OxSMART). The OxSMART was used to categorize scaphoid injuries into three grades: contusion (grade 1); unicortical fracture (grade 2); and complete bicortical fracture (grade 3).

Results

In total there were 13 grade 1 injuries, 11 grade 2 injuries, and 56 grade 3 injuries in the 80 consecutive patients. The inter-observer reliability of the OxSMART was substantial (Kappa = 0.711). The inter-observer reliability of detecting an obvious fracture was moderate for radiographs (Kappa = 0.436) and MRI (Kappa = 0.543). Only 52% (29 of 56) of the grade 3 injuries were detected on plain radiographs. There were two complications of delayed union, both of which occurred in patients with grade 3 injuries, who were promptly treated with cast immobilization. There were no complications in the patients with grade 1 and 2 injuries and the majority of these patients were treated with early mobilization as pain allowed.

Conclusion

This MRI based classification tool, the OxSMART, is reliable and clinically useful in managing patients with acute scaphoid injuries. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(11):913–920.
Sources of Variability and Uncertainty in Food-Energy-Water Nexus Systems
Authors: Calderon-Ambelis Heydi , Keshwani Deepak R.
Published: November 2022

Highlights

Accounting for variability and uncertainty empowers stakeholders to make better-informed decisions.

Considering spatial and temporal sources of variability contributes to more robust modeling systems.

Stochastic methods that factor in uncertainty contribute to a better understanding of the FEW nexus systems.

A robust modeling system will contribute to the design of resilient FEW nexus systems.

Abstract. A nexus approach contributes to the strategic allocation of resources to secure food, energy, and water for the world population. Integrated models considering the complex interactions across food, energy, and water (FEW) enhance decision-making and strategic planning towards resilience. However, a significant number of the existing integrated models leave unaddressed the inherent variability and uncertainty present in the FEW sectors. Here, we review the importance of characterizing variability over spatial and temporal scales and the importance of decreasing the uncertainty present within a FEW nexus systems. The review also discusses existing modeling tools that address variability and uncertainty on single and paired elements of the FEW nexus systems, as well as integrated tools that address the sources of variability and uncertainty across the nexus. Finally, the review highlights the opportunity to address the limitations of existing models through multidisciplinary approaches and the potential to integrate publicly available models, as has already been the case for single and coupled elements of the FEW nexus. Addressing variability and uncertainty would improve the robustness of a FEW systems modeling and would provide stakeholders with the capacity to make better-informed decisions. Keywords: Climate variability, Food-water-energy nexus, Modeling, Spatial variability, Temporal variability, Uncertainty.
Comparison of an Innovative Mobile Strip Irrigation System with Full-Area Sprinkler Watering
Authors: Bilibio Carolina , Schellert Christian , Uteau Daniel , Peth Stephan , Hensel Oliver
Published: November 2022

Highlights

Innovative stripwise irrigation directs water only to ridge crests, not furrows.

Mobile strip irrigation saved 51% of the carrot water requirements.

The uniformity coefficient of the irrigation above the ridges was high.

No significant differences in the carrot yield were verified between the irrigation systems.

The water use efficiency was higher for the mobile strip irrigation system.

ABSTRACT. Irrigation plays an important role in agriculture in temperate regions because of the reduction in rainfall frequency during the spring and summer months along with the increase in average temperature and evapotranspiration. To increase irrigation efficiency, we developed an innovative mobile strip irrigation system for ridge culture. The objective of this pilot study was to compare the new technology with a standard full-area sprinkler system and analyze the yield, flow rate, applied irrigation on the ridges, and variability of the irrigation depths expressed by the Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) and distribution uniformity coefficient (CUD). The experimental design applied the two treatments to carrots grown on eight ridges covering an area of 210 m2. The experiment was conducted at the University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany. The results showed a flow rate ranging from 54.7 to 72.7 l h–1. Good CUC (89%) and excellent CUD (82%) were obtained for the mobile irrigation system, indicating low variability of irrigation depths. The water content in the ridge crest increased to field capacity after irrigation, with a moderate coefficient of variation (14%) among the measurements. In addition, water use reduction with respect to the standard irrigation system of 51% during the treatments, or 29% considering the entire experiment time, was observed, and no significant differences in the total fresh yield between the irrigation systems were verified. Because only a single sprinkler irrigation system with an irrigation efficiency of 80% was used, care must be taken when extrapolating the findings of the present study. High irrigation efficiency sprinkler irrigation systems with multiple sprinklers, which reduce the sprinkler irrigation amount, can be considered in future studies to confirm the increased water usage efficiency of the mobile strip irrigation system. Keywords: Carrots cultivation, Irrigation, Ridge agriculture, Water content, Water distribution, Water saving.
Genotyping and physiological characteristics of Acanthamoeba isolated from beaches in Phuket Province, Thailand
Authors: BOONMAN NARUMON , WANNA CHANATE , CHUTRTONG JARUWAN , CHOTPANTARAT SRILERT , BOONSILP SIRIPHAN
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Boonman N, Wanna C, Chutrtong J, Chotpantarat S, Boonsilp S. 2022. Genotyping and physiological characteristics of Acanthamoeba isolated from beaches in Phuket Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 23: 4377-4384. Acanthamoeba is widely distributed in water, soil, dust and air. Beaches are popular tourist destinations for water-related activities while they can also be reservoirs for Acanthamoeba to humans. This study aimed to determine the genotyping of Acanthamoeba in the beach environment and characterized their pathogenicity potential. A total of 63 samples were collected from six beaches in Phuket Province, Thailand. Twenty-one samples of each source including wet sand, dry sand and seawater, were collected and cultivated on 2% non-nutrient agar coated with heat-killed Escherichia coli. Acanthamoeba was found in 100% (n=21) wet sand, 52.4% (n=11) dry sand and 14.3% (n=3) seawater. Sequence analysis of the GTSA.B1 region in 18S rRNA revealed that 83.9% of sequenced isolates belonged to the T5 genotype and 16.1% belonged to the T4 genotype. The T5 genotype was predominant, differing from other reports of Acanthamoeba prevalence in natural sources. In vitro thermal and salt-tolerance showed that all isolates had growth rates similar to clinical Acanthamoeba isolates. This research was undertaken to increase awareness of human eye and brain infections caused by Acanthamoeba on beaches. Further studies on these Acanthamoeba isolates are still required such as co-culture assay between the trophozoites and human cell lines to confirm their pathogenicity as well as their susceptibility to the chemotherapeutic agents.
Assessment of state of Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Orchidaceae) populations from the Altai mountains of Kazakhstan
Authors: Sumbembayev Aidar , Tergenbaeva Zhuldyz , Kudabayeva Gulmira , Tashmetova Rimma , Genievskaya Yulia , Szlachetko Dariusz
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Sumbembayev AA, Tergenbaeva ZHT, Kudabayeva GM, Tashmetova RS, Genievskaya YA, Szlachetko DL. 2022. Title. Biodiversitas 23: 4385-4399. The article presents the results of studying the current state of populations of a rare species - Dactylorhiza fuchsii in the Kazakhstan Altai. As a result of expeditionary studies, four main regions were identified, which were represented by 12 populations. Floristic plasticity according to the Jaccard coefficient (12-24%) showed a high heterogeneity of the studied populations. The cluster population dendrogram showed a clear dependence of the floristic composition of accompanying species on geographic location in terms of species similarity and difference of communities. External similarity was studied according to 10 morphometric features. The PCA analysis shows that the external structure is influenced by vertical zoning. Pearson's correlation analysis showed a stable direct and inverse dependence of morphometric characteristics on some environmental conditions (0.74-0.95). According to the data ANOVA disperse analysis, among studied environmental factors, soil nutrient richness (N) and humidity (F) had demonstrated the broadest significant effects (P-values from < 2e-16 to 0.001 for N and from 8.02e-09 to 0.02 for F) on plants morphology influencing eight out of ten morphological traits. Distribution regions of D. fuchsii have low vitality, and most populations are characterized as depressed. The results harmoniously complement the fundamental research on the state of D. fuchsii populations throughout the distribution range of the species.
A genetic approach for authentication on morphological differences of cultivated pompano species in Indonesia
Authors: HAKIM AGUS ALIM , DIKRURAHMAN DIKRURAHMAN , MUHLIS SAHIDAN , ASTUTI RETNO PUJI , SARI DYAH WIDYA , KAMAL MOHAMMAD MUKHLIS
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Hakim AA, Dikrurahman, Muhlis S, Astuti RP, Sari DW, Kamal MM. 2022. A genetic approach for authentication on morphological differences of cultivated pompano species in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4561-4569. Due to the increasing demand for animal protein, the Batam Marine Cultivation Fisheries Center (BPBL Batam) developed pompano (Trachinotus spp.) for aquaculture. Because of the different external characteristics, local communities recognized three types of pompano, i.e., bintang, emas, andhibridpompano. The study aimed to prove the authenticity of cultivated pompano (Trachinotus spp.) with morphological differences based on a DNA barcoding approach with 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) partial genesequences. A total of 30 barcode sequences from COI and 16S rRNA genes were obtained from three types of pompano, and all samples were validated as Trachinotus blochii with percent identity of 99.85-100% by COI and 100% by 16S rRNA. Emas, bintang, and hibrid pompano also have the same or very similar GC content both based on COI and 16S rRNA sequences. The average genetic distances calculated between species in the genusTrachinotus were 0.09 and 0.02 among COI and 16S rRNA sequences, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis constructed from COI and 16S rRNA gene sequences of all types of pompano and related species segregated genus into one clade (T. blochii) and the outgroup (other species) as another clade. This study contributed essential genetic data to the NCBI database both COI and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Despite having morphological differences, all types of pompano were successfully authenticated into the same species because they have identical nucleotide base arrangements and can be presumed from the same ancestor.
Monetary evaluation of supporting ecosystem services as a habitat provider for birds in Thailand urban park
Authors: Yarnvudhi Arerut , Leksungnoen Nisa , Siri Supalak , Ponpithuk Yuwadee , Sukmasuang Ronglarp , Duengkae Prateep , Pongcharoen Chattraphas , Sutummawong Nantida , Marod Dokrak , Wachrinrat Chongrak , Premashthira Aerwadee , Tor-ngern Pantana , Poungcharean Santi , Hermhuk Sutheera , Kachina Panida
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Yarnvudhi A, Leksungnoen N, Siri S, Ponpithuk Y, Sukmasuang R, Duengkae P, Pongcharoen C, Sutummawong N, Marod D, Wachrinrat C, Premashthira A, Tor-ngern P, Poungcharean S, Hermuk S, Kachina P. 2022. Monetary evaluation of supporting ecosystem services as a habitat provider for birds in Thailand urban park. Biodiversitas 23: 4747-4758. Supporting services are important services to maintain ecosystems by providing habitats for organisms and genetic diversity. In this study, the monetary value of supporting services for bird habitats in urban parks was evaluated based on the price for nursing each bird species and market value. Bird diversity was conducted using point count observation. We found total of 53 bird species, 27 families and 8 orders in the park. Total monetary benefit for bird habitats in this park was estimated to be around USD60,354.12 per individual bird with an average value of USD1,138.76 per bird per species. The top three species with the highest monetary value were the Painted Stork (Mycteria leucocephala), Asian Openbill (Anastomus oscitans), and Chinese Pond Heron (Ardeola bacchus). The species diversity index of the bird community (H') was 2.73 and the most abundant bird species were Eastern Spotted Dove (Spilopelia chinensis), Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus), Eastern jungle crow (Corvus levaillantii), Oriental magpie robin (Copsychus saularis), and Coppersmith Barbet (Psilopogon haemacephalus). Among 4 microhabitats, birds were found the most in the trees, followed by lawn, grassland, and wetland areas. The small urban parks should be designed with diverse microhabitats to provide various ecological functions to attract and ensure adequate resources for organisms.
Growth performance and nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae reared on solid-state fermentation substrates with various white rot fungi
Authors: Fitriana Eko Lela , Jayanegara Anuraga , Astuti Dewi Apri , Laconi Erika Budiarti
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Fitriana EL, Jayanegara A, Astuti DA, Laconi EB. 2022. Growth performance and nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae reared on solid-state fermentation substrates with various white rot fungi. Biodiversitas 23: 4894-4905. This study examines agricultural byproducts fermented with various rot fungi as a substrate of black soldier fly larvae. The experiment used a three-way randomized design with four replications. The first factor was substrate (cacao pod husk and oil palm frond), the second factor was fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes versicolor, and Pleurotus sajor-caju), and the third factor was environment condition (light and without light). Approximately 1200 of 7-day-old larvae were added to 600 g substrate treatment. The results showed that the solid-state fermentation substrates had the highest waste reduction parameters and level of consumption. Larvae in the experiment had a crude protein level of 38.84-58.88% of dry matter. Glutamic acid is the most abundant non-essential amino acid in larvae, while leucine is the most abundant essential amino acid. Solid-state fermentation substrate could improve the fatty acid profile quality of larvae in relation to high linoleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid, and unsaturated fatty acid percentages, especially CPH-pc substrate. The use of solid-state fermentation in larvae rearing decreased lignin in the cacao pod husk substrate. In conclusion, cacao pod husk substrate solid-state fermented with white rot fungi is not supported the optimum growth performance of BSFL but increases fatty acid profile quality.
Prospective analysis of the role of actors in governing mangrove ecosystem area in Tangerang District, Indonesia
Authors: MAHARDIKA S.M.A. HARI , YULIANDA FREDINAN , ADRIANTO LUKY , SULISTIONO SULISTIONO
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Mahardika SMAH, Yulianda F, Adrianto L, Sulistiono. 2022. Prospective analysis of the role of actors in governing mangrove ecosystem area in Tangerang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4940-4947. The role of actors in the governance of mangrove ecosystems is one of the main factors in determining the sustainability of mangrove ecosystem management in the Tangerang District, Banten, Indonesia. The research aims to analyze actors' prospective role in the strategy of governance of mangrove ecosystems areas in Tangerang using the MACTOR method. This research is a descriptive case study with an expert judgment approach. The study results show that the central and local governments have an important role in the governance strategy of mangrove ecosystem areas in the Tangerang. The two actors can collaborate with the local community, the private sector, universities, NGOs, research institutions, and high schools. The strategy for the governance of mangrove ecosystems in Tangerang can be done by increasing the role of each actor by encouraging the central government and local governments to implement programs to achieve the most supportive strategic goals, namely the management of mangrove ecosystems based on collaborative management (co-management). The strategy can be easily implemented and get more optimal results by involving the role of the user community, NGOs, universities, local governments, and research institutions where the level of collaboration (convergence) is high to support the strategy.
Density, morphometric characteristics and distribution pattern of Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) in Karang Gading estuary, Deli Serdang District, Indonesia
Authors: Rimelahas Wan Luzni , Mulya Miswar Budi , Barus Ternala Alexander
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Rimelahas WL, Mulya MB, Barus TA. 2022. Density, morphometric characteristics and distribution pattern of Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) in Karang Gading estuary, Deli Serdang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5210-5216. Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) has a wide distribution, ranging from mangrove forest areas in the Indo-Pacific to mangrove swamp areas in South America. In Indonesia, clam is found on the island of Sumatra, one of which is in the estuary waters of the Karang Gading Wildlife Sanctuary, Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. In this area, fishermen are often found catching clams. The catch of clams in addition to its own consumption is also widely sold in traditional markets. The existence of clam capture activities carried out continuously can threaten the sustainability of this commodity in nature. This study aims to find out the density, morphometric characteristics, distribution patterns and the relationship of clam density with aquatic physicochemical. Sampling was carried out in July-August 2021 in the estuary waters of Karang Gading Wildlife Sanctuary Deli Serdang District using a purposive sampling method. Sampling was done by using a clam rake with a radius length of 35 cm. At each station, 5 sampling points were determined and 3 dredgings were carried out at each point which is done 2 times with 30-day intervals at 07.00-11.00 WIB. The results concluded that the highest density of clam is found in station I with a value of 3896 ind/m2, the pattern of growth of the clam at each station is negative allometric, the pattern of the group and uniform clam distribution, and the correlation of physical and chemical factors of the waters with the density of the clam shows that phosphate has a very strong correlation to the density of the clam, while the temperature correlates moderately with the density of the clam.
Assessing herb layer composition under jungle rubber in Sungai Manau Forest, Jambi, Indonesia: indicator species and tree regeneration potential
Authors: SISWO SISWO , YUN CHUNG-WEON , KIM HOJIN , LEE JEONGEUN , ATMOKO BAMBANG DWI , BRAHMANTYA LATHIF
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Siswo, Yun CW, Kim H, Lee J, Atmoko BD, Brahmantya L. 2022. Assessing herb layer composition under jungle rubber in Sungai Manau Forest, Jambi, Indonesia: indicator species and tree regeneration potential. Biodiversitas 23: 5247-5257. Most of the post-logged forests in Sumatra have been transformed into various land cover types, including plantations and secondary forests. Among plantation systems, rubber agroforestry (jungle rubber) is preferable since it resembles natural forests, which still maintain high biodiversity. While previous studies have been focused on the floristic diversity, composition and structure of jungle rubber, limited research has investigated indicator species and tree regeneration in jungle rubber. This research aimed to compare herb layer composition including species diversity, indicator species and tree regeneration potential between jungle rubber (JF) and the existing natural growing forests, including undisturbed post-logging forest (UF), mixed regrowth forest (MF) and newly regrowth forest (NF), in Sungai Manau Forest, Jambi, Indonesia. We conducted a vegetation survey and subsequently analyzed the data using some comparative analyses, indicator species analysis and regeneration status analysis. Our results showed significant differences in herb layer communities among all land cover types (T= -18.91, p=0.000). Although JF and all-natural growing forests showed equal indices of diversity, each land cover type showed its own indicator species, reflecting their environmental conditions. However, indicator species for JF were mostly similar in character to that in MF with non-native semi-shade-tolerant species. Meanwhile, all indicator species for UF were native shade-tolerant species and the indicator species for NF were fully non-native shade-intolerant species. JF is also equal to MF in seedlings availability and tree regeneration potential by showing an equal number of seedling species and the number of individuals where most of the seedlings in both land cover types were pioneer species with “good regeneration ”status”. Our finding suggested that JF had a similar potential to MF in the succession process. Therefore, jungle rubber can be a good alternative when a plantation system is inevitable in a post-logging forest.
Identification of culture-dependent microbes from mangroves reveals dominance of Bacillus including medically important species based on DNA signature
Authors: DECHAVEZ RANDE , CALUB MA. LYN , GENOBATA DONA ROSE , BALACUIT RAUL , JOSE REIZL , TABUGO SHARON ROSE
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Dechavez R, Calub ML, Genobata DR, Balacuit R, Jose R, Tabugo SR. 2022. Identification of culture-dependent microbes from mangroves reveals dominance of Bacillus including medically important species based on DNA signature. Biodiversitas 23: 5342-5350. Mangroves are among the most crucial plant hosts in the marine environment because of their notable role in the ecosystem and their benefits. Identification of plant-associated and culture-dependent microbes is key to having a rich reservoir of bioactive substances. DNA barcoding was done based on 16S rRNA gene and ITS region. In this study, seven (7) mangrove species were identified as hosts. Results show that most bacterial isolates from plant leaves were gram-positive bacteria belonging to phylum: Firmicutes and genus Bacillus. Phylogenetic inference reveals a diverse non-monophyletic group with medically and economically necessary species. Among the host plants, Sonneratia alba harbored the most species of bacteria and fungi. These include two medically important strains of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis and host-specific bacteria like B. altitudinis in S. alba, B. velezensis in Rhizophora apiculata, B. clausii in Avicennia marina and B. firmus in A. marina were revealed. Meanwhile, some bacteria like B. subtilis and B. megaterium were found in three host species and B. cereus was the most abundant being recorded in four host plants. Diverse strains of fungi, Aspergillus sp., A. nomiae, A. tubingensis and A. niger were also present. This study served as baseline data for future research on diversity and host ecology for possible drug discovery.
Brood care behavior of the painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala) in Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria Mohd Amir , Daud Ummi Nur Syafiqah , Mansor Mohammad Saiful , Md. Nor Shukor
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Zakaria MA, Daud UNS, Mansor MS, Md. Nor S. 2022. Brood care behavior of the painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala) in Peninsular Malaysia. Biodiversitas 23: 5406-5411. Waterbirds can serve as bio-indicators for their surrounding environments, indicating issues such as habitat degradation and climate change. One factor that contributes to successful reproduction for many bird species is parental behavior during the brood care stage. The painted stork (Mycteria leucocephala) is a waterbird species that provide biparental care throughout the breeding season. Although many studies have focused on populations of this species, information about their behavior, particularly during nestling rearing, remains lacking. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the parental behavior of painted storks between the early and late stages of brood care in two different colonies located in Peninsular Malaysia: Tasik Shah Alam (TSA) in Selangor and Upper Bisa Putrajaya Wetland (UBPW) in Putrajaya from May to September 2016. Three pairs of painted storks were monitored in every site, and seven behaviors were identified: roosting, preening, nest repair, wing opening, flying, feeding and brooding. Of all the behaviors recorded, flying, roosting and wing-opening behavior were the most frequently observed behaviors in both study areas during the early stage of brood care. However, painted storks were found to spend most of their time flying when the chicks had grown up by the late stage. This may be due to the food demand for the parents and their chicks. As the nestlings grow bigger, more food is required before the nestling can fledge independently. This is supported by increased feeding frequency observed from the early to late stages. Males were found to have a higher frequency of all behaviors than females. This data facilitates a greater understanding of painted stork behavior, which can help in their conservation and management processes.
Agrobiodiversity and plant use categories in coffee-based agroforestry in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: KUSUMAWATI IRMA ARDI , MARDIANI MILA OKTAVIA , PURNAMASARI EKA , BATORO JATI , VAN NOORDWIJK MEINE , HAIRIAH KURNIATUN
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Kusumawati IA, Mardiani MO, Purnamasari E, Batoro J, van Noordwijk M, Hairiah K. 2022. Agrobiodiversity and plant use categories in coffee-based agroforestry in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 5412-5422. Beyond documenting the ethnobotanical knowledge by managers of complex agroforestry systems, the actual use of such knowledge in adapting to new circumstances and adopting new practices in dynamic farming systems has been described as ecological wisdom. Our study in the Kali Konto catchment of East Java (Indonesia) focused on an inventory of plants that are part of coffee-based agroforestry, their various types of use, and the role they play in the further integration of livestock into the local farming system. The 48 respondents mentioned, on average, 105 combinations of plant species and use categories for their coffee agroforestry plots. Across nine use categories (food, with spices and food wrapping as subcategories, animal fodder, medicine, construction, hedge/ornamentals, handicrafts, ritual uses), a total of 83 plant species (in 36 botanical plant families) were mentioned, with on average 2.18 reported uses per species. A small majority (56%) of the plant species was actively managed (and often planted); the rest were spontaneously established species.
Apoyando la política económica colonial durante el primer franquismo: la Delegación Peninsular del Sindicato Maderero de la Guinea Continental Española
Authors: Guerra Velasco Juan Carlos , Pascual Ruiz-Valdepeñas Henar
Published: November 2022

El colonialismo español en el África ecuatorial encuentra durante el franquismo, especialmente en su etapa autárquica, un aliado fundamental en el Sindicato Maderero de la Guinea Continental Española y en su Delegación Peninsular. Desde 1936 confluyen en él, de manera obligatoria, todos los concesionarios forestales de la colonia. Faltan estudios que muestren la función que determinadas instituciones desempeñaron en la expresión del colonialismo español durante ese período. El presente texto contribuye a llenar ese vacío a través del estudio de la ocupación que da sentido al trabajo sindicado de la Delegación Peninsular: la comercialización de las maderas. Se argumenta que esta comercialización está revestida de una intencionalidad, pues revela las relaciones, sintonías, distancias o antagonismos que se tejen en torno al hecho y a la economía colonial, a la vez que ayuda a entender el complejo entramado normativo que la autarquía despliega en torno al aprovechamiento de las maderas coloniales.
Neither mechanical nor premature: deindustrialization and the New International Division of Labour (1970-2019)
Authors: Graña Juan M. , Terranova Lucas
Published: November 2022

This article studies the economic determinants – wage and productivity levels – behind the deindustrialization trends of 24 countries divided into three groups (“Developed”, “East Asia”, “Latin America”) for the period 1970–2019. The data shows that deindustrialization, regardless of the country’s level of income, is linked to lower wages in other countries. These determinants explain the origin of this worldwide phenomenon since the new international division of labour, the impact on both developed and developing countries in Latin America, and also the successive waves of industrializing countries in East Asia.
Algorithm and its application for automatic measurement of the full-field isoclinic parameter by digital phase-shifting photoelasticity
Authors: Shang Wei , Li Hulin , Liu Jinghong , Liu Jinzhao
Published: November 2022

The photoelastic method is an experimental technique that combines optics and mechanics for a stress analysis. The photoelastic phase-shifting technique is different from the moiré, holography, and speckle phase-shifting techniques, which only need to measure one parameter. The photoelastic phase-shifting technique needs to assess isoclinic and isochromatic parameters, which affect each other, seriously hindering the development of the phase-shifting photoelasticity method. First, the interaction between the isoclinic and isochromatic parameters is analyzed in detail. Secondly, an algorithm is proposed to adjust the mutation and obtain the correct isoclinic parameter affected by the isochromatic parameter. This method can effectively eliminate the influence of the isochromatic parameter. The isoclinic parameter is consistent with the theoretical value, which verifies the effectiveness of this method. Finally, the photoelastic method uses the proposed algorithm to test the stress at different positions of the turbine blade root. Moreover, the bearing capacity of the turbine blade root is analyzed to provide support for the safe use and optimization design of the turbine.
Laser cooling in Yb:KY3F10: a comparison with Yb:YLF
Authors: Püschel Stefan , Mauerhoff Felix , Kränkel Christian , Tanaka Hiroki
Published: November 2022

Laser cooling by anti-Stokes fluorescence is a technology to realize all-solid-state optical cryocoolers. We grew Yb3+-doped KY3F10 (Yb:KYF) crystals as novel laser cooling media and compare their cooling performance to Yb3+-doped LiYF4 (Yb:YLF) crystals also grown in our institute. We present temperature-dependent absorption and emission cross sections as well as the fluorescence lifetime of Yb:KYF, and calculate its material figure-of-merit for laser cooling. Yb:KYF exhibits a higher figure-of-merit than Yb:YLF at temperatures below 200 K. This is because, in contrast to Yb:YLF, the excitation transition from the second-highest Stark level of the ground state is best-suited for cryogenic cooling in Yb:KYF. Thus, it has the potential to achieve unprecedentedly low temperatures below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. In this work, we observe the first laser cooling of Yb:KYF, and obtain a background absorption coefficient of ∼10−4 cm−1, which is among the lowest ever reported for Yb3+-doped fluoride crystals. A simple model calculation predicts that our Yb:KYF and Yb:YLF crystals can potentially be cooled down to ≈100 K in a high-power cooling setup. Our Yb:KYF crystals still leave room for further improvement through the optimization of the growth process and the use of purer raw materials.
Hypermutator strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveal novel pathways of resistance to combinations of cephalosporin antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors
Authors: Dulanto Chiang Augusto , Patil Prashant P. , Beka Lidia , Youn Jung-Ho , Launay Adrien , Bonomo Robert A. , Khil Pavel P. , Dekker John P.
Published: November 2022

Hypermutation due to DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiencies can accelerate the development of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Whether hypermutators generate resistance through predominantly similar molecular mechanisms to wild-type (WT) strains is not fully understood. Here, we show that MMR-deficient P. aeruginosa can evolve resistance to important broad-spectrum cephalosporin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotics through novel mechanisms not commonly observed in WT lineages. Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptional profiling of isolates that underwent in vitro adaptation to ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA), we characterized the detailed sequence of mutational and transcriptional changes underlying the development of resistance. Surprisingly, MMR-deficient lineages rapidly developed high-level resistance (>256 μg/mL) largely without corresponding fixed mutations or transcriptional changes in well-established resistance genes. Further investigation revealed that these isolates had paradoxically generated an early inactivating mutation in the mexB gene of the MexAB-OprM efflux pump, a primary mediator of CZA resistance in P. aeruginosa, potentially driving an evolutionary search for alternative resistance mechanisms. In addition to alterations in a number of genes not known to be associated with resistance, 2 mutations were observed in the operon encoding the RND efflux pump MexVW. These mutations resulted in a 4- to 6-fold increase in resistance to ceftazidime, CZA, cefepime, and ceftolozane-tazobactam when engineered into a WT strain, demonstrating a potentially important and previously unappreciated mechanism of resistance to these antibiotics in P. aeruginosa. Our results suggest that MMR-deficient isolates may rapidly evolve novel resistance mechanisms, sometimes with complex dynamics that reflect gene inactivation that occurs with hypermutation. The apparent ease with which hypermutators may switch to alternative resistance mechanisms for which antibiotics have not been developed may carry important clinical implications.
Target product profiles for novel medicines to prevent and treat preeclampsia: An expert consensus
Authors: Mcdougall Annie Ra , Tuttle Andrew , Goldstein Maya , Ammerdorffer Anne , Gülmezoglu A. Metin , Vogel Joshua P.
Published: November 2022

Background

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are a leading cause of global maternal and newborn mortality. Currently, there are few effective medicines that can prevent or treat preeclampsia. Target Product Profiles (TPPs) are important tools for driving new product development by specifying upfront the characteristics that new products should take. Considering the lack of investment and innovation around new medicines for obstetric conditions, we aimed to develop two new TPPs for medicines to prevent and treat preeclampsia.

Methods and findings

We used a multi-methods approach comprised of a literature review, stakeholder interviews, online survey, and public consultation. Following an initial literature review, diverse stakeholders (clinical practice, research, academia, international organizations, funders, consumer representatives) were invited for in-depth interviews and an online international survey, as well as public consultation on draft TPPs. The level of stakeholder agreement with TPPs was assessed, and findings from interviews were synthesised to inform the final TPPs. We performed 23 stakeholder interviews and received 46 survey responses. A high level of agreement was observed in survey results, with 89% of TPP variables reaching consensus (75% agree or strongly agree). Points of discussion were raised around the target population for preeclampsia prevention and treatment, as well as the acceptability of cold-chain storage and routes of administration.

Conclusion

There is consensus within the maternal health research community on the parameters that new medicines for preeclampsia prevention and treatment must achieve to meet real-world health needs. These TPPs provide necessary guidance to spur interest, innovation and investment in the development of new medicines to prevent and treat preeclampsia.