bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of encapsulated herbicide for sustained release, weed control and crop productivity as a tool for agroecosystem biosafety
Authors: Sowmiya S , Hemalatha M , Joseph M
Published: December 2024

A significant amount of herbicide is applied in agricultural ecosystems to control weeds, which can pose risks to these environments. The encapsulated pyrazosulfuron ethyl and pretilachlor with zeolite, polycaprolactone and watersoluble polymer had impacts on weed control and productivity of rice and minimized the herbicidal hazard to the environmental impact. Weed control treatments showed a significant and inverse relationship with weed density, weed biomass and increased growth, yield attributes and yield of rice. Pyrazosulfuron ethyl entrapped zeolite reduced weed density by 56.26 % in 2022 and 53.91 % in 2023 at 45 DAS and the weed biomass was 2.10 times lower in 2022 and 2.85 times lower in 2023 than pretilachlor, which positively influenced the growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield (5333 kg ha-1 and 6107 kg ha-1 in 2022 and 5123 kg ha-1 and 5803 kg ha-1 in 2023). It was on par with pyrazosulfuron ethyl encapsulated with polycaprolactone. Herbicide activity assay also resulted in better rice growth. Thus, the study showed that the encapsulated herbicides have a significant impact on weed control, growth and productivity of rice in a sustainable manner.
Soil fertility dynamics in the Northeastern agroclimatic zone of Tamil Nadu: a targeted analysis of Tiruvannamalai district
Authors: Koushika S P , Krishnaveni A , Sellaperumal P , Alagirisamy B , Arunkumar V , Dhevagi P , Jayashree R
Published: December 2024

Soil fertility degradation due to poor nutrient management is a growing concern in many farming areas. This study focuses on assessing the soil health of Tiruvannamalai district, Tamil Nadu, by examining key factors like pH, organic carbon (OC), electrical conductivity (EC) and the availability of essential nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and micronutrients (zinc, iron, copper, manganese, boron). A systematic soil sampling method was employed, collecting 129 samples from 18 blocks using a 5 × 5 km grid at 0-15 cm depth. The results showed that the soils were primarily neutral to slightly alkaline, with pH values ranging from 7.15 to 7.41. Electrical conductivity was low (<0.26 dS/m), indicating minimal salinity. Organic carbon levels were also low, with more than half of the samples (53.06%) falling below optimal levels, ranging from 0.29% to 0.64%. The analysis revealed widespread nutrient deficiencies, with 65% of the soils low in nitrogen, 63.06% lacking phosphorus and 79.44% deficient in potassium. Additionally, significant micronutrient shortages were detected, with zinc (83.89%), iron (83.06%), copper (76.67%), manganese (88.89%) and boron (75.28%) all showing depletion. These results highlight the urgent need for improved soil management practices, including targeted fertilization and nutrient restoration efforts, to enhance soil fertility and ensure sustainable agricultural productivity in the region.
Temporal changes in thiol‐oxidized plasma albumin are associated with recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage after a marathon
Authors: James Christopher , Lloyd Erin M. , Arthur Peter G.
Published: December 2024

Exercise‐induced muscle damage (EIMD) can affect athlete performance and is a risk factor for major muscle injury. The temporal profile of thiol‐oxidized albumin, a marker of oxidative stress, has shown potential in assessing recovery from EIMD in non‐athletically trained participants but not yet in trained participants. Our primary aim was to assess whether there are changes in the level of thiol‐oxidized albumin after a marathon in athletically trained participants. Twenty participants completed a marathon and collected daily dried blood spots from 3 days prior to and 7 days after the marathon to measure thiol‐oxidized albumin using a novel methodology (OxiDx). Participants were also assessed for indirect markers of EIMD prior to and on days 2 and 5 post‐marathon. The level of thiol‐oxidized albumin peaked at 2 days and remained elevated until 5 days after the marathon and correlated with indirect measures of EIMD. Furthermore, time of recovery for thiol‐oxidized albumin varied between participants, some recovered at 3 days post‐marathon whereas others extended beyond 7 days post marathon. Tracking temporal changes in the level of thiol‐oxidized albumin has potential to be useful in managing recovery from EIMD in athletes, particularly considering the ease of the OxiDx methodology.
Moods and Prosocial Motivation Levels of Athletes
Authors: Göncü Burcu Sıla , Kılıç Yakup , Yalçın İlimdar
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to determine the relationship between moods and prosocial motivation levels in sport. The research group consisted of 386 (145 female, 241 male) participants who resided in the Eastern Anatolia Region and had a sports background. Personal information form, Brunel Mood Scale and Prosocial Motivation Scale were used as data collection tools. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the data were normally distributed. As a result of the data obtained, t-test was used to compare the two groups and Pearson Correlation test was applied to examine the relationships between the parameters. According to the results, it was determined that females had a higher level of confusion dimension than males in the mood scale. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between the sports experience and the vitality dimension and a negative correlation between the fatigue dimension. A negative low-level significant relationship was detected between Brunel mood scale dimensions of anger, confusion, depression, fatigue and tension and prosocial motivation dimension. Besides, a positive low-level significant relationship was found between the vitality dimension and prosocial motivation. As a result, it was determined that there was a decrease in negative moods and an increase in positive moods of athletes with more experience in sports. However, it was observed that the increase in prosocial motivation level was positively related to positive moods and negatively related to negative moods.
Examining the Effect of 3/7 Strength Training Method on Various Maximal Strength, Fatigue and Body Composition Parameters
Authors: Cücü Behnam , Aydoğmuş Mert , Öztürk Mehmet Ali , Kadı Mustafa Nurullah
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the 3/7 strength training method, a new strength training method, compared to the 4x6 strength training method. The research group consisted of a total of 32 volunteer participants. These participants were divided into 3/7 (n=11) and 4x6 (n=11) training groups and a control group (n=10) that continued their normal lives. Afterwards, people in the 3/7 and 4x6 strength training groups regularly performed strength training, which included the movements specified in the program, two days a week, with 48 hours of rest between training sessions, according to the determined program. Before the studies started and at the end of the studies, anthropometric data such as fat mass, lean mass, body weight, body fat percentage (BFP), body mass index (BMI) of the participants included in the study were measured and then, shoulder press (SP), bench press (BP) and squat (S) as maximal strength measurements; the number of repetitions in the BP, S and SP as the fatigue parameters were recorded. According to the pre-test and post-test measurement data, significant differences were observed in all parameters of the participants who applied the 3/7 protocol (p<0.05). When the pre-post test measurement data of participants who applied the 4x6 protocol were examined, significant improvements were observed in all parameters except BMI and body weight measurements (p<0.05). Regarding the results of the control group, there was a significant difference due to the increase in fat mass, body weight, BFP and BMI values, while a significance was also detected in BP and S measurements among the fatigue number of repetitions (FNR) values (p<0.05), and no significance was found in any of the remaining parameters. When the groups applying the 3/7 and 4x6 protocols were evaluated, participants applying the 3/7 protocol showed more significant improvements in the FNR-S measurement compared to the 4x6 training group (p<0.05), although there was no significant difference in all remaining values, it was observed that people in the 3/7 training group had better values. In conclusion, it was observed that the 8-week 3/7 protocol resulted in significant improvements in various body composition, fatigue and strength parameters of individuals.
The Effect of Plyometric Exercises Using the Cluster Set Method on Certain Physical and Physiological Parameters in Female Handball Players
Authors: Buyurukcu Sinan , Kerem Mustafa
Published: December 2024

The effects of plyometric training on some physical and physiological parameters at the end of 6 weeks (3 days a week) by applying the traditional set method and cluster set method in plyometric training of female handball players playing in the 2nd League was examined in the aim of this study. A total of 23 female athletes aged 12-15 years, 12 in the traditional set group and 11 in the cluster set group, participated in the study. Within the scope of the thesis, the traditional set group's physical characteristics (age, height, weight), vertical jump, stopping long jump, T-test agility test, reactive agility test, 10 meters-30 meters speed test, PRAST test, leg force, back force was taken as pre-test and post-test. SPPS 22.0 program was used to analyze the data. The confidence interval for all statistical actions performed is set to p<0,05. Whether the descriptive statistics found at the end of the study were normally distributed or not was determined by Shapiro-Wilk's test. To determine the difference between the pre-test and post-test results of the groups for variables with normal distribution, the paired T-test and Wilcoxon test for those who did not were applied. Mann Whitney U test was applied to determine the normal distribution of the differences between groups. The difference between the pretest and post-test was taken to evaluate training data. As a result, the researched parameters showed a more positive effect on Bk and Prast Fatigue performances than the cluster and traditional set methods. Also, the cluster set method has been thought to be effective for developing athletes.
The Effects of Different Strength Training Programs on Field Tests in Individuals Aged 18-20
Authors: Saçıkara Ali , Kılıç Mehmet
Published: December 2024

This study examined the effects of different strength training programs applied over a 12-week period on various performance values in young individuals aged 18-20, as well as the performance values following a 1-month detraining period. The research involved 30 male volunteers studying at Selçuk University in Konya. After initial measurements, participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (CG), a plyometric strength training group (PSTG), and a resistance band strength training group (RBSTG). The average ages were 18.70±0.67 years for CG, 18.70±0.67 years for PSTG, and 19.10±0.87 years for RBSTG. Heights were 178.76±7.38 cm for CG, 176.90±5.64 cm for PSTG, and 174.70±6.12 cm for RBSTG. Body weights were 71.40±8.82 kg (pre-test), 73.00±9.34 kg (post-test), and 74.00±9.15 kg (detraining test) for CG; 69.00±6.58 kg (pre-test), 70.00±6.56 kg (post-test), and 70.60±6.56 kg (detraining test) for PSTG; and 68.70±12.65 kg (pre-test), 69.30±11.55 kg (post-test), and 69.50±11.28 kg (detraining test) for RBSTG.
The training groups performed the prescribed 8 training modalities 3 days per week for 12 weeks, with 10 repetitions and 4 sets each session. Following the training period, post-tests were conducted and the detraining period began. After a 1-month detraining period, detraining tests were conducted, and statistical analyses were performed. Results were analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 26). Mean and standard deviations for all variables were calculated. Differences within groups for pre-test, post-test, and detraining test measurements were assessed using 'Repeated Measures ANOVA'. Differences between groups for each period (pre-test, post-test, and detraining test) were determined using 'One-Way ANOVA'. To identify which group contributed to the differences, the "Duncan" post-hoc test was applied. A significance level of P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Significant differences were observed within the plyometric training group for aerobic power testing (P<0.05). In speed tests, the control group showed negative changes, while the training groups showed supportive improvements (P<0.05). Reaction tests revealed significant changes within the training groups (P<0.05). Between-group comparisons showed that the plyometric training group had statistically significant results in post-tests (P<0.05). In agility testing, significant changes were observed within the training groups, with the resistance band training group showing statistically significant results post-tests (P<0.05).
In conclusion, both plyometric and resistance band training programs appear to have positive effects on muscular performance and overall aerobic performance.
Eclecticism in Augustan Temple Architecture
Authors: Kiss Zsuzsanna Emilia
Published: December 2024

In the history of architecture, eclecticism is clearly associated with 19th-century architecture. This paper focuses on the fact that eclecticism is a way of thinking, a design concept in which the architect combines high-quality architectural elements from different periods to achieve the desired effect on his building. This approach is often necessary to meet client demand.
This philosophy was also used to serve the imperial intention, as a study of the temple architecture of the Augustan period states.
The aim of this paper is to look at eclecticism not primarily as a style but as a design method that has been present throughout history. My hypothesis was, that that eclecticism was viewed in its entirety significantly more in the age of Augustus than in the 19th century.
To underline my findings, I examine a list of significant buildings, such as the temple of Iuppiter Capitolinus and the temple of Venus Genetrix were influenced by early architectural origins, such as the typology of Vitruvius, the characteristics of the Etruscan or Tuscan temple - and examine such. Further, I have a detailed look at the general features and particular characteristics of the temple architecture in the Augustan period, I conclude with and the temple renovations - the Temple of Concordia, the Temple of Castor and Pollux, the Temple of Apollo Sosianus - and the newly erected sacral buildings - the Temple of Divus Iulius, the Temple of Mars Ultor, the Monumentum Ancyranum. This paper demonstrates that the eclectic approach of the early imperial period was so complex that it focused not only on the external appearance but also on the internal design and furnishings.
Evaluation of Graduate Outcomes in Architecture Accreditation Requirements from a Student Perspective
Authors: Hatipoğlu Şahin Betül , Atmaca Çetinkaya Merve , Şahin Ali
Published: December 2024

Architectural education encompasses a variety of methods, with the primary goal of maintaining and improving education quality. In this context, the concept of accreditation has emerged as a system that ensures the preservation of certain standards and keeping these standards up to date in higher education. In Türkiye, the Association for Accreditation of Architectural Education (MIAK-MAK) has established certain accreditation requirements for Architectural Bachelor's Programs in 2021. According to these requirements, the targeted graduate profile is defined under the title of "Education and Learning Characteristics" of the program. The subheading "Knowledge, Skills, and Competencies that Graduates Should Acquire" summarizes the knowledge and skill areas that students need to acquire through the courses included in the program's curriculum, which are categorized into five titles. This study aimed to statistically evaluate the importance of the areas created for the knowledge, skills, and competencies that the graduate should gain from the perspective of the active student. The study focuses on the students of the Department of Architecture at KTO Karatay University Faculty of Fine Arts and Design. In this context, a face-to-face survey was conducted with the students, and the survey results were evaluated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process method. By comparing each subheading with the others, a ranking system was created, and their importance levels were determined. The results of student evaluations indicated that especially issues related to life safety, structural systems, sustainability, and global architecture stood out prominently. Studies evaluating accreditation criteria from the student perspective are very limited in the literature. For this reason, as an important approach, this study points out the gap in the field for researchers working on accreditation. This research, which aims to provide a perspective from students, is expected to offer an alternative approach and provide a participatory view in educational
research.
Updating Risk Level on Housing Resettlements of Mount Merapi Using a Visual Chart Examination
Authors: Idham Noor Cholis , Ir H Msi Supriyanta
Published: December 2024

Permanent housing resettlement (Huntap) on the slopes of Merapi from the 2010 great eruption supposedly has experienced development progress. Undergoing adjustments due to environmental circumstances, hazard knowledge, and people's understanding are inevitable and affect the safety performance of the shelter against volcanic hazards. Many dwellings are still in the most dangerous area, while the hazards will strike again sooner or later. This research intends to update Merapi Huntap's safety risks to mitigate volcanic disasters. We assessed the safety of 15 settlements and focused on calculating five selected Huntaps for their spatial and formal configuration to the dwellers' awareness. Detailed observation by a proposed visual chart method based on the hazard and degree of vulnerability discovered from hazard-prone zones (KRB). Resilience factors to safety, including access for evacuation, the dwelling, and community consciousness of disaster, discovered the disaster risk level. We found that disaster risk in Merapi's resettlement is still high; thus, the people and stakeholders need to pay more attention to the need for precautions. Mitigation should address the potential safety threats related to (1) Hazard-prone levels, (2) Spatial confusion for up-to-date disaster zones, (3) less consideration of evacuation barracks and routes, and (4) people's lower understanding and awareness. Through this research, we also discovered the proposed simple and easy-use method suitable for classifying the risks. The research was limited to Mount Merapi's resettlement housing after the 2010 eruption by examining five Huntaps with higher hazard susceptibilities. This study contributes to reevaluating the risk-hazard-resilience by practical measures for driving higher disaster awareness in the future. The proposed method proved its appropriateness in testing the risks and has the prospect of being used in further applications in more massive cases.
Discussing the Development in the Real Estate Sector in the Framework of University-City Interaction
Authors: Özkök Mete Korhan , Begen Okay Büşra
Published: December 2024

Universities exert a considerable influence on urban economies through the direct and indirect consumption they generate within the city. The former is attributable to the expenditure of students and staff, while the latter is a consequence of the demands they create for accommodation, transport, trade, and services. One of the most fundamental areas where these effects can be monitored is the housing and accommodation shaped by the demands of students and staff. Following the establishment of Kırklareli University in 2007, a notable increase in human mobility has been observed in the city center of Kırklareli, accompanied by significant changes in the spatial order. The principal objective of this study is to examine the housing-based spatial transformation and tendency in the city center of Kırklareli in terms of the defined periods following the establishment of the university. In this context, housing sale data and its distribution were analyzed in a spatial/structural dimension using the "Land Registry Transaction Statistics" and "Parcel Query-Analysis-Independent Section Sales Density Distribution database," which were published by the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change-General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadaster. The increase and tendency were evaluated. A statistical query and correlation analysis were conducted on the data, with a particular focus on establishing a comparison between the change in population and the number of students, as well as academic and administrative staff. The resulting data were then subjected to a process of interpretation. In addition, current master plans were evaluated, and suggestions were developed for the factors that should be considered in urban planning. The study revealed that, regardless of the current population development, student-oriented dynamics directly affect the real estate sector in terms of housing sales, mobility, and spatial transformation due to the growth of the urban population and the increase in demand.
Tracing What Remains Behind the Natural Coastline: Unpacking the Delivery of Land Reclamation in Yeşilköy through Lot 5
Authors: Başarır Lale , Doğu Tuba
Published: December 2024

Landfill practices, which have gained momentum within the scope of global urbanization, have drawn attention to coastlines. Presenting opportunities for legitimate urban growth, altering the coastal edges redefines not only the physical split between land and sea but also the social life it engenders. To address this challenge, this article aims to reveal the socio-spatial dynamics of reclaimed urban coastlines, exploring both macro and micro perspectives and their interplay, ultimately proposing a novel methodological approach by employing a narrative lens. Applying this methodological framework, the article traces the historical trajectory of the Yeşilköy coastline in Istanbul, scrutinizing its macro dynamics through the microcosm of Lot 5. The narrative lens of the study is formed by archival sources, including visual and written texts about the Yeşilköy coastline and Lot 5, and semi-structured interviews. Adopting Lot 5 as a micro perspective, the study sheds light on the crucial role it plays as a critical witness to the evolving winds of change in the social and cultural environment, along with the concurrent urban political tendencies that accompany this transformation. Lot 5's significance lies in its connection to Motel Yeşilköy, a renowned mid-20th-century architectural landmark, situated in the same parcel. By acknowledging its association with Motel Yeşilköy, articulating Lot 5 together with the urban context in which it inhabits offers a nested perspective for deciphering the reclaimed coast of Yeşilköy. The paper concludes that the Yeşilköy natural coastline, despite being subjected to landfilling, perpetuates both in urban memory and as a physical boundary. The findings of this paper, therefore, suggest the coastline reclamation to be evaluated within the intricate nature of intertwined spatial narratives at multiple scales, rather than as an expansion of an urban edge isolated from its context.
Evaluation on Accessibility in Historical Environments in Turkey: Ankara Ulus Environment Example
Authors: Altın Şule Nur , Elmas Hatice , Güngör Can
Published: December 2024

Historical environments bear traces of the past and have cultural and historical importance. These places are essential to respect the past, understand history, and preserve cultural heritage. However, many historic neighborhoods face accessibility issues. Accessibility is a fundamental concept that refers to the ability of people to be present and participate effectively in any space. This principle has an importance that cannot be ignored in every academic discipline in its own field of specialization and there is a need to take this principle into account in all kinds of production processes. The most problematic spatial area for this participation to be ensured through universal access is the historical environmen which form a unique part of cultural identity with their characteristic structures and distinctive features. Therefore, accessibility is crucial to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage and the active participation of society in. Problems in these areas restrict access to these spaces for people with disabilities, pregnant women, people with strollers and the elderly, and have a negative impact on the visitor experience. In this study, the Turkish Grand National Assembly / War of Independence Museum located in Historical Ulus, the Turkish Grand National Assembly Museum, Is Bank Museum, Ankara Social Sciences University Campus, and Hacı Bayram Veli Mosque and its surroundings were evaluated. The evaluations were supported with visuals, according to the criteria specified in the Accessibility Guide prepared by the Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Services. The study found attempts to improve accessibility for individuals with disabilities, but correct practices were largely absent. Issues such as dimensional errors, improper material selection and structural inadequacies were common. These problems are summarized in the evaluation section. This study aims to demonstrate that historical buildings can be made accessible by addressing access issues with solutions like tactile surfaces, markings, and ramps.
Adaptive Reuse Suggestions in Interior Architecture Education: A Registered Workshop in Ankara
Authors: Sungur Mine
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine both the recommendations for the conservation and reuse of historical buildings in interior architecture education and the learning outcomes of the restoration course. A registered building in Ankara, which formerly served as a production workshop for a vocational high school, has been identified as the study's main issue as it is no longer in use after having served its purpose. As part of the restoration course in this case, senior students in interior architecture department of Selcuk University were asked to submit a variety of function concepts for the registered building. The study focused on both qualitative and quantitative research methods, which included four stages: preparation, analysis, design, and evaluation. Through examples of applications from our nation and around the world, students were given the information they needed to understand the restoration during the first phase, preparation. The second stage, analysis, entails taking measurements of the building's interior and exterior as well as photographing and collecting written and visual records of it. The third step, the design phase, begins with the choice of a new function appropriate for the building's location and style in light of all available data and documentation. The students were asked to assess their level of knowledge regarding conservation and adaptive reuse as well as the learning outcomes of the restoration course before and after taking it in the final stage of the evaluation process, which took place after the fourteen-week restoration course. This study helped interior architecture students gain experience with a holistic design process through an adaptive reuse proposal project. In conclusion, increasing the number of courses on conservation and adaptive reuse in interior architecture education is important in training interior architects who are experts and competent in the field of reuse.
Disruptions in Greenscape Politics in Modern Turkey: A Case Study of Başkent Nation s Garden
Authors: Şahin Cansu , İnan A. Derin
Published: December 2024

Public green spaces can be regarded as an important component of an urban tissue, besides bearing ideological political connotations. The emergence of modern parks as part of public greenscape started with the 19th century Ottoman Nation's Gardens. Following the first modern parks, which started to be referred to as Nation's Gardens in the Ottoman Empire, the notion of the garden was replaced by a park during the Republican Era, which displaced the Ottoman Nation's Gardens from cityscapes. The Nation's Gardens projects, revived as an election promise in 2018 and began to be built, forming part of Turkey's greenscapes in all provinces, differ from the Ottoman Nation's Gardens, to which they explicitly refer in the name. The article will discuss the changes in greenscape projects in Turkey that have been used as ideological tools and have undergone constant changes in every period and government. In line with the findings of the article, it is a fact that the users, contents, and even the locations of these greenscapes have been frequently altered throughout history. The article also provides a comprehensive analysis of the Başkent Nation's Garden project, being one of the most symbolic political projects, for discussing the changing ideologies and political priorities to open up a broader discussion on the nature of Greenscape Politics in Turkey. The research aims to contribute to the discussion of the obstacles created by the design of parks and garden areas, which form an important component of cities, differing with each political approach, thereby hindering the continuity of the urban fabric. It invites a critical examination of how political influence can create fragmentation in the field of city planning, ultimately affecting the sustainability, functionality, and cultural coherence of urban spaces.
Musical Comfort Evaluation of The Natural Acoustics and Architectural Design of Three Performance Spaces in Kocaeli-Izmit
Authors: Aytaç Bahanur , Erten Bilgiç Didem , Çağlayan Seyit Ahmet
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted to evaluate the auditory comfort level of Western art music performances performed in natural acoustic conditions in multi-purpose performance halls, which are widely preferred today, on the listener. In this context, first the reverberation time, one of the acoustic comfort parameters, is expressed and the Sabine formula, which is the empirical method used in the study, is explained. Subsequently, the table "absorptivity coefficients of various materials at different frequencies" is presented, as it will be used in the calculation of reverberation time, and the graph "recommended optimum reverberation time for volume-dependent speech and music" is presented to make comparisons at the end of the calculation. Then, information was given about the geometry of performance spaces and acoustic defects that may occur due to structural errors in closed volumes were explained. After explaining why this study was conducted in Izmit district of Kocaeli province, the selection criteria of the three selected performance halls were explained. After giving brief information about the historical background of each place, the reverberation time of the halls was calculated. As a result of the calculations, the acoustic comfort conditions of the halls in natural acoustics and when used for musical purposes are presented comparatively in the table, and it has been revealed that all three halls will not provide a suitable acoustic comfort experience to the audience. The improvement suggestions that can be made to ensure acoustic comfort during the Western classical music performance without the use of an electro-acoustic system are presented in tables for each hall.
Designing for the Future: The Relationship Between the Interior Design Profession and Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Kayaduran Mahir Kübra , Koca Duygu
Published: December 2024

Interior architecture has the potential to create social benefits by designing spaces that affect people's quality of life. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) offer a framework to comprehend the profession's social and environmental responsibilities, and develop strategic approaches. This study aims to assess how the social impact of interior design aligns with the SDGs, offering an opportunity to explore the relation between discipline and sustainability in a comprehensive manner, considering both environmental and social dimensions. The profession's relations and contribution to the goals was evaluated through a review of current literature. To this end, the year 2015, when the Sustainable Development Goals were adopted, was chosen as the starting point and a bibliometric analysis of studies in the Web of Science database between 2015 and 2023 was carried out. In addition to the analysis function of the WOS database, the bibliometric analysis program Vosviewer was used for data analysis. The results of the analysis show that interior design has a strong relationship with goals such as Climate Action (SDG 13), Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG 11), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12), Good Health and Well-Being (SDG 3), and Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG 7). However, the relationships between Quality Education (SDG 4), Gender Equality (SDG 5) and Reduced Inequalities (SDG 10) are not yet at a sufficient level. The findings indicate that interior architecture has the potential to fulfill its social responsibility by supporting the Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore, in order to foster a more inclusive relationship with the SDGs, Interior Architecture needs to evolve. It is expected that this will enable to create new perspectives and methodologies, both in professional practice and in the academic literature.
Association of Biopsy-proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Obesity and Apolipoproteins
Authors: Kurt Ömer , Ozturk Kadir , Demirci Hakan , Tas Ahmet , Karslioglu Yıldırım , Turker Turker , Ozdemir Cafer , Ozgurtas Taner , Uygun Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Insulin resistance is considered the most important key mechanism in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Some studies have reported that hyperinsulinemia decreases the hepatic secretion of apolipoprotein (Apo) B. Chronic hyperinsulinemia in NAFLD may be responsible for the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes. We aimed to investigate whether apolipoproteins are related to histological findings in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. We also aimed to evaluate the effects of obesity on apolipoproteins and the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 91 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were included. The control group consisted of 39 healthy subjects who had no history of liver disease or alcohol consumption and were matched for age, gender and smoking. Apoliprotein A1 and Apo B were measured via an immunoturbidimetric method with commercially available OSR6142 Apo A1 and OSR6143 Apo B immunoassay kits on an Olympus AU2700 analyzer.
Results: Age, gender, and smoking distribution were similar among nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients, simple steatosis patients, and controls. The differences in the mean Apo A1 and Apo B levels and the Apo B/A1 ratio among non-alcoholic steatosis, simple steatosis, and control subjects did not reach statistical significance. In addition, patients with obese NAFLD had higher steatosis scores than patients with nonobese NAFLD (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Apo A1 and B levels and the B/A1 ratio were not associated with histopathological findings in patients with NAFLD. Fibrosis and ApoB1/A were found to be independent risk factors for metabolic associated fatty liver disease. In addition, obesity increases the grade of hepatic steatosis but does not cause lobular inflammation, ballooning or fibrosis.
The Role of Sex Hormones and Sex Hormone-binding Globulin in Functional Gatrointestinal Disorders: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Fan Zhengyang , Shao Changming , Kou Zhifu , Xie Feng , Wang Hongyu , Zheng Shuai , Wen Bo , Chen Zheng , Zeng Binfang
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims: Sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) have been confirmed to involve in the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD). However, causal associations have not yet been investigated. Utilizing data from Genome-wide association studies, we conducted bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to assess the causal relationships between sex hormones, SHBG and FGIDs.
Methods: Data for sex hormones including testosterone and estradiol, and SHBG were collected from the UK Biobank and FinnGen study. Relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis were performed to assess the causal relationships., supplemented with MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode approaches. Additionally, we used Cochran’s Q test to evaluate the heterogeneity of genetic variants and implemented leave-one-out analysis to assess the impact of individual SNPs on the causal estimates. Several sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the results.
Results: Significant negative causal relationship was found between genetically predicted testosterone and the risk of IBS (OR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.83-0.97; p=0.007). SHBG demonstrated an inverse correlation with the risk of IBS (OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.68-0.98; p=0.035) and FD (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.69-0.99; p=0.048). However, no statistically significant association was found between testosterone and FD, while estradiol also showed no causal association with FGIDs. Conclusions: Our study revealed a negative causal relationship between testosterone and IBS risk, and SHBG appears to be inversely associated with FD. This provided new ideas for the prevention and control of IBS, and future research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these associations and their potential clinical implications.
Effect of aging and obesity on peripheral t3 generation and thyroidal status in congenic la/ntul//cp rats
Authors: L Tulp Orien
Published: December 2024

To determine the effects of aging and the obese phenotype on Triiodothyronine (T3) generation and thyroidal status, groups of congenic lean and obese female littermate LA/Ntul//-cp rats were maintained on Purina stock diet and house water from 4 until 24 months of age. Body weight and adiposity of obese >>> lean at all post weaning ages studied. Measures of resting oxygen consumption (RMR, VO2) at thermal neutrality (30°C), serum T3, T4, T4:T3 and T3:T4 ratios, tissue T3 concentrations, and T4-5’ deiodinase activity in liver, interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), and gastrocnemius muscle (GNM) were determined at each age group. Measures of RMR were greater in lean than obese at each age (p=<0.05) and declined with age in both phenotypes with the most substantial decrease in the obese phenotype. Measures of serum T4 were greater at age 4 months than at both older ages measured in both phenotypes and remained similar thereafter. Serum T3 tended to increase modestly in each age in both phenotypes. Serum T4:T3 ratios decreased with age while serum T3:T4 ratios increased with age in both phenotypes. Measures of tissue T4-5’ Type II deiodinase activity were determined in isolated homogenates of liver, IBAT and GNM. Tissue activity levels of outer ring T4-5’ deiodinase activity of liver and IBAT showed both phenotype and age effects and decreased with age in both tissues. (Lean > obese; young > older) in both lean and obese phenotypes. GNM deiodinase activity increased only modestly with age in lean but not in obese rats. Liver T3 receptor affinity has also been reported to be decreased in the obese phenotype at 4 months of age. These observations are consistent with impaired sirtuin-mediated and age-associated thyroidal actions in the lean and obese phenotypes and which impairments may be contributory to further age associated decreases metabolic rates observed in the obese phenotype.
MiR-200c as a biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer
Authors: Ceylaner Betul , Tozoglu Yasemin
Published: December 2024

Gastric cancer (GC) continues to be a major health problem worldwide. This article discusses the role of the miRNA-200 family, especially miR-200c, in GC. The miR-200 family plays essential managing role in processes including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. miR-200c can reduce cellular invasion and increase the susceptibility of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by increasing E-cadherin levels. Several studies have shown that low expression of miR-200c in GC negatively affects the prognosis of the disease and is associated with resistance to chemotherapy. It has also been indicated that miR-200c has great potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis of GC and a therapeutic target for enhancing response to chemotherapy. According to the current findings, further studies needed to understand the role of miR-200c in GC.
Structural anisotropy in 3D-printed products using selective laser melting technology
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Voloshko S.M. , Burmak A.P. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Holovko L.F. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kahliak O.D. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine, Goncharuk O.О. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Using the Ti-6Al-4V alloy as an example, the influence of thermal conditions in 3D-printing on the anisotropy of its microstructure, phase composition, residual macrostresses, and mechanical properties during selective laser melting (SLM) is demonstrated. A fiber ytterbium laser with air cooling and a nominal power of 200 W, a laser beam diameter of ~45 µm, and a wavelength of 1070 ± 2 nm was employed, with a scanning speed of 500 mm/s, a layer thickness of 25 µm, and a hatch distance of 150 µm.

It is shown that the synthesized microstructure consists of periodic scale-gradient layers with a banded structure, which results from the cyclic thermal history experienced by the SLM sample of Ti-6Al-4V, rather than from segregation or oxidation. The bands exhibit a Widmanstätten α-colony morphology with an average size of structural elements around (0.2–2) µm, while the nominal microstructure between the bands shows a basket-weave morphology.

The gradient width of each band is determined by thermal effects, particularly the maximum heating temperature and cooling rate from this temperature, depending on the band’s position – whether in the lower, middle, or upper part of each layer and the distance of this layer from the substrate. The cooling rate of the deposited layer decreases as the number of added layers increases and is highest at the top plane of the SLM sample due to additional heat loss from convection and radiation, as well as the absence of remelting and thermal cycling experienced by the previous layers.

As a result, the microstructure of the top plane is finer, and a greater probable amount of needle-like α'-martensite, a smaller OQR size, and a higher degree of deformation of the β-phase crystal lattice provide a higher microhardness value than in the lateral plane, despite the greater magnitude of tensile macrostresses. The obtained results convincingly demonstrate the feasibility of applying thermomechanical post-processing to ensure a homogeneous structure in SLM products.
Features of the interaction of the Fe-Ni-Cr-Cu-Mn alloy with gray cast iron
Authors:   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Parkhomchuk Zh. V. , Veis V. I. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zheleznyak O. V. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Verkhovliuk A. M. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Naumenko M. I. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sergiienko R. A. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The use of antifriction cast irons operating under lubrication conditions for manufacturing machine and mechanism parts is currently inefficient and unjustified due to the need for continuous lubrication. This complicates maintenance, increases the risk of environmental contamination by lubricants, and also results in relatively low strength and resistance to impact loads. This work investigates the possibility of creating an antifriction material with self-lubricating capabilities during operation by alloying gray cast iron with the Fe-Ni-Cr-Cu-Mn alloy system. The process of obtaining the alloy is explored with the aim of developing technological conditions for producing a high-entropy alloy by casting.

The research was conducted using metallographic, X-ray phase, and chemical analysis methods. Technological modes for the production of the Fe-Ni-Cr-Cu-Mn alloy have been developed. It consists of two solid solutions with FCC lattices and complex carbides (FeCr)7C3. It was shown that its liquidus and solidus temperatures (1346 °C and 1004 °C, respectively) are relatively low, which makes it suitable for alloying gray cast iron. This allows avoiding significant overheating and holding during alloying, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the process.

It was established that the optimal amount of alloy addition to gray cast iron is 0.5% by weight, and the resulting alloyed material, in terms of its chemical composition, structure, and properties, is closest to standardized antifriction cast irons. The use of the Fe-Ni-Cr-Cu-Mn alloy provides an opportunity to develop an energy-efficient technological process for producing an antifriction material capable of self-lubricating during friction.
Pembaharuan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Seksual Dalam Undang – Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022
Authors: Novitasari Silvia , Sopyan Yayan , Rambe Mara Sutan
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bentuk-bentuk kekerasan seksual dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk pencegahan kekerasan seksual, serta untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pembaruan perlindungan hukum bagi perempuan korban kekerasan seksual yang terdapat dalam undang-undang nomor 12 tahun 2022. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan keberagaman bentuk kekerasan seksual dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, bentuk pencegahan kekerasan seksual, dan Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual telah menjadi hukum positif baru yang menghadirkan reformasi yang jelas dan spesifik terhadap hak-hak korban kekerasan seksual, serta perlindungan bagi korban kejahatan. kekerasan seksual kriminal dalam penegakan hukum.